bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated approach using insecticides in combination with reflective plastic mulch for the management of pepper weevil, Anthonomus eugenii (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Adeleye Victoria O , Seal Dakshina R , Liburd Oscar O E , Martini Xavier , Meru Geoffrey 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Pepper weevil, Anthonomus eugenii Cano, is a serious pest of peppers (Capsicum annuum) in the United States and worldwide. This study evaluated the combined effect of insecticides (thiamethoxam and oxamyl) and reflective mulches (reflective silver on white and reflective silver on black) on pepper weevil suppression and yield increase. This study was conducted under field conditions in Homestead, FL, during the fall 2020, spring 2021, and 2022 growing seasons. The study consists of 2 mulch treatments as the main plots (reflective “silver on white,” “white on black”) and a bare ground with “no mulch” treatment in fall 2020 and spring 2021, and in spring 2022 with an additional treatment of reflective “silver on black” mulch. We hypothesized that jalapeño pepper grown on either reflective “silver on black” or “silver on white” plastic mulches would have fewer pepper weevil adults, fewer pepper weevil infested fruits, and higher yield than those grown on “white on black” plastic mulch or bare soil. Overall, the number of pepper weevil adults on plants and infested fruits was lower in the fall season compared to the spring season. In the fall 2020 season, the number of adults was not significantly different regardless of insecticide treatment and mulch type. However, infested fruits were higher on the untreated control plots than the treated plots in Fall 2020. Marketable yield was not significantly different among insecticide treatment on the “white on black” and reflective “silver on white” mulches. However, thiamethoxam treated plots had significantly higher yield than on the rest of the treatment on the bare soil with “no mulch.” The number of adults was higher in the untreated control plot than the treated plots in spring 2021. The number of infested fallen fruits was not significantly different. However, marketable yield was significantly different among treatments on the “white on black” and reflective “silver on white” mulches in 2021. The treated plots on the reflective “silver on white” mulch produced significantly higher yield than the untreated control plots in 2022. The result of this study suggests that growing jalapeño peppers on reflective plastic mulch (“silver on white”) in integration with thiamethoxam or oxamyl has the potential in reducing pepper weevil adult population and increasing yield of jalapeño pepper.
Biotic and abiotic factors that affect parasitism in Trichogramma pintoi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) as a biocontrol agent against Heortia vitessoides (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Authors: Yan Zhen , Yue Jian-Jun , Zhang Yong-Yu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The parasitoid wasp, Trichogramma pintoi, is a promising candidate for inundative release against Heortia vitessoides. Parasitoid females can regulate the sex of their offspring in response to environmental and biological factors. In pest control programs utilizing these parasitoids, male overproduction is not conducive to success. To optimize the production of T. pintoi as an egg parasitoid of H. vitessoides, factors affecting the rates of parasitism and eclosion and the percentage of females among T. pintoi offspring, such as temperature, photoperiod, host age, host density, maternal age, maternal density, and food, were investigated. The proportion of T. pintoi female offspring was significantly affected by temperature, photoperiod, host density, maternal age, and maternal density. The female offspring percentage decreased in response to host density (160 eggs), maternal age (≥ 4 days old), maternal density (≥ 4 females), photoperiods (24:0 and 18:6 L:D), and extremely low temperature (15 °C). However, host age and female diet did not affect the proportion of female offspring. According to the present work, female parasitoid production can be maximized under laboratory conditions of 25 °C, 75% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 0:24 h (L:D) via exposure of forty 1-day-old H. vitessoides eggs for 24 h or eighty 1-day-old H. vitessoides eggs to a newly emerged, mated female fed a 10% sucrose solution until the female dies. These findings will guide mass production efforts for this parasitoid.
Prognostic value of combined coronary CT angiography and myocardial perfusion imaging in women and men
Authors: Kujala Iida , Nammas Wail , Maaniitty Teemu , Stenström Iida , Klén Riku , Bax Jeroen J , Knuuti Juhani , Saraste Antti 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Aims
Combined anatomical and functional imaging enables detection of non-obstructive and obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) as well as myocardial ischaemia. We evaluated sex differences in disease profile and outcomes after combined computed tomography angiography (CTA) and positron emission tomography (PET) perfusion imaging in patients with suspected obstructive CAD.

Methods and results
We retrospectively evaluated 1948 patients (59% women) referred for coronary CTA due to suspected CAD during the years 2008–2016. Patients with a suspected obstructive lesion on coronary CTA (n = 657) underwent 15O-water PET to assess stress myocardial blood flow (MBF). During a mean follow-up of 6.8 years, 182 adverse events (all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or unstable angina) occurred. Women had more often normal coronary arteries (42% vs. 22%, P &lt; 0.001) and less often abnormal stress MBF (9% vs. 28%, P &lt; 0.001) than men. The annual adverse event rate was lower in women vs. men (1.2% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.02). Both in women and men, coronary calcification, non-obstructive CAD, and abnormal stress MBF were independent predictors of events. Abnormal stress MBF was associated with 5.0- and 5.6-fold adverse event rates in women and men, respectively. There was no interaction between sex and coronary calcification, non-obstructive CAD, or abnormal stress MBF in terms of predicting adverse events.

Conclusion
Among patients evaluated for chronic chest pain, women have a lower prevalence of ischaemic CAD and a lower rate of adverse events. Combined coronary CTA and PET myocardial perfusion imaging predict outcomes equally in women and men.
Case Report: tacrolimus toxicity in the setting of concurrent Paxlovid use in a heart-transplant recipient
Authors: Modi Sujal , Kahwash Rami , Kissling Kevin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Tacrolimus toxicity in patient’s status post-orthotropic heart transplantation is not commonly reported. Given its narrow therapeutic window and drug–drug interactions, it must be closely monitored by providers who are experienced in transplant management. There are no case series of patients with tacrolimus toxicity in the setting of treatment for Sars-2-CoV-19 (COVID 19) for heart-transplant recipients. We present a case of tacrolimus toxicity in the setting of concurrent ritonavir–nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid) use.

Case summary
The patient was a 74-year-old male with a prior significant history of heart transplantation and on maintenance immunosuppression with tacrolimus. He contracted COVID-19 and was prescribed antiviral therapy with Paxlovid by an outside provider prior to admission. The patient complained of severe headaches, dehydration, and tremors. After eliminating acute intracranial processes with imaging, laboratory investigation revealed a severely elevated tacrolimus level with acute renal injury. The patient was taken off tacrolimus and treated conservatively with intravenous hydration. The symptoms improved, particularly the headaches. He was discharged with instructions to resume his home dosing of tacrolimus and return to clinic in 1 week with a repeat trough level. The subsequent trough level was no longer supra-therapeutic.

Discussion
Tacrolimus has a potent drug-drug interaction with Paxlovid (ritonavir-nirmatrelvir) and can be supra-therapeutic. Toxicity is associated with multiple adverse effects, including but not limited to, acute renal injury, neurotoxicity, and infections due to over-immunosuppression. As Paxlovid is effective in treating Sars-2-CoV-19 in heart-transplant recipients, knowledge and understanding of drug-drug interactions is crucial in preventing and mitigating toxicity.
Impact of the extent of recurrent laryngeal nerve lymphadenectomy on thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a real-world multicentre study
Authors: Xu Sukai , Chen Donglai , Liu Zhichao , Song Peidong , Zheng Yujia , Xue Xiang , Sang Yonghua , Li Zhigang , Chen Yongbing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To determine the impact of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lymph node (LN) dissection on survival and postoperative complications in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

METHODS
Patients with cT1-4N0-3M0 thoracic ESCC who underwent oesophagectomy and two-field lymphadenectomy from three institutions were included. The entire cohort was divided into three groups that underwent the total two-field lymphadenectomy (T-2FL), standard two-field lymphadenectomy (S-2FL) or unilateral RLN-LN dissection plus S-2FL (U-2FL) based on the extent of RLN-LN dissection. Subgroup analyses were also performed and were stratified by treatment modality.

RESULTS
Both the U-2FL and T-2FL groups had significantly superior outcomes compared with the S-2FL group (overall survival: U-2FL versus S-2FL: P = 0.002; T-2FL versus S-2FL: P &lt; 0.001; recurrence-free survival: U-2FL versus S-2FL: P = 0.01; T-2FL versus S-2FL: P &lt; 0.001). Moreover, no significant differences were observed between U-2FL and T-2FL regarding overall survival (P &gt; 0.05) and recurrence-free survival (P &gt; 0.05), irrespective of administration of neoadjuvant therapy plus oesophagectomy or upfront oesophagectomy. Additionally, the extent of RLN-LN dissection was not an independent predictor of stage migration (P = 0.14) but was for postoperative nodal upstaging (P = 0.02). Notably, S-2FL brought significantly lowered risk in postoperative complications, especially for RLN palsy, when compared with T-2FL (P = 0.002) but not U-2FL (P = 0.72).

CONCLUSIONS
Adequacy of RLN-LN dissection is an important prognosticator for improved overall survival and recurrence-free survival in patients with thoracic ESCC. U-2FL may serve as an alternative to T-2FL in selected populations.
Mechanisms of enhanced renal and hepatic erythropoietin synthesis by sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors
Authors: Packer Milton 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of major heart failure events, an action that is statistically linked to enhanced erythropoiesis, suggesting that stimulation of erythropoietin and cardioprotection are related to a shared mechanism. Four hypotheses have been proposed to explain how these drugs increase erythropoietin production: (i) renal cortical reoxygenation with rejuvenation of erythropoietin-producing cells; (ii) counterregulatory distal sodium reabsorption leading to increased tubular workload and oxygen consumption, and thus, to localized hypoxia; (iii) increased iron mobilization as a stimulus of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α)-mediated erythropoietin synthesis; and (iv) direct HIF-2α activation and enhanced erythropoietin gene transcription due to increased sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) signaling. The first two hypotheses assume that the source of increased erythropoietin is the interstitial fibroblast-like cells in the deep renal cortex. However, SGLT2 inhibitors do not alter regional tissue oxygen tension in the non-diabetic kidney, and renal erythropoietin synthesis is markedly impaired in patients with anemia due to chronic kidney disease, and yet, SGLT2 inhibitors produce an unattenuated erythrocytic response in these patients. This observation raises the possibility that the liver contributes to the production of erythropoietin during SGLT2 inhibition. Hypoxia-inducible factor-2α and erythropoietin are coexpressed not only in the kidney but also in hepatocytes; the liver is a major site of production when erythropoietin stimulation is maintained for prolonged periods. The ability of SGLT2 inhibitors to improve iron mobilization by derepressing hepcidin and ferritin would be expected to increase cytosolic ferrous iron, which might stimulate HIF-2α expression in both the kidney and liver through the action of iron regulatory protein 1. Alternatively, the established ability of SGLT2 inhibitors to enhance SIRT1 might be the mechanism of enhanced erythropoietin production with these drugs. In hepatic cell lines, SIRT1 can directly activate HIF-2α by deacetylation, and additionally, through an effect of SIRT in the liver, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α binds to hepatic nuclear factor 4 to promote transcription of the erythropoietin gene and synthesis of erythropoietin. Since SIRT1 up-regulation exerts direct cytoprotective effects on the heart and stimulates erythropoietin, it is well-positioned to represent the shared mechanism that links erythropoiesis to cardioprotection during SGLT2 inhibition.
Using gamification to improve engagement and learning outcomes in medical microbiology: the case study of ‘BacteriaGame’
Authors: Pineros Nicolas , Tenaillon Katie , Marin Julie , Berry Vincent , Jaureguy Françoise , Ghelfenstein-Ferreira Théo , Carbonnelle Etienne , Lescat Mathilde 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The fight against antibiotic resistance has become a true global public health challenge of gargantuan proportions. Amongst the myriad of approaches being explored to tackle this predicament, one strategy involves enhancing prescriber knowledge and in particular their basic knowledge of medical bacteriology. Yet, as we well know in medical microbiology teachings, traditional lectures can be arduous, attempting to cram in a vast array of information in a limited time. An alternative solution to improve student engagement and enhance learning outcomes is to utilize educational games in complementary approach. Such games are an effective means of inspiring students to learn, encouraging self-assessment, and injecting diversity into the teaching process. To this end, we have developed and evaluated an educational card game, the ‘BacteriaGame,’ aimed at our medical students in medical bacteriology. Designed for students at the basic level, it serves as activity at the end of their apprenticeship to their bacteriology education. Additionally, it can also be used as a review tool by more advanced students, with teachers able to impart additional knowledge as the game progresses. We also use it in continuous training of medical laboratory staff. In this study, we evaluated the game at various stages of medical education, collecting feedback and analysing its impact on knowledge acquisition, comparing it to traditional lectures. Feedback from the majority of students revealed that the rules were clear, the game was enjoyable, and neither too lengthy nor too challenging. The integration of ‘BacteriaGame’ into their future training piqued their interest. In terms of learning outcomes, we discovered a significant increase in knowledge acquisition among those who used the game (P &lt; .05). ‘BacteriaGame’ is now published by the French Society of Microbiology (SFM) and distributed in all medical and pharmacy schools thanks to a funding of the French Health Ministry. An English edition of the game is also available for international use as a physical copy to be purchased from the SFM. This will allow a large-scale distribution to colleagues who would like to use this game in their teaching.
The Acinetobacter baumannii website (Ab-web): a multidisciplinary knowledge hub, communication platform, and workspace
Authors: Karah Nabil , Mateo-Estrada Valeria , Castillo-Ramírez Santiago , Higgins Paul G , Havenga Benjamin , Khan Wesaal , Domingues Sara , Da Silva Gabriela Jorge , Poirel Laurent , Nordmann Patrice , Ambrosi Cecilia , Ma Chaoying , McClean Siobhán , Quiroga María Paula , Alvarez Verónica E , Centron Daniela , Zarrilli Raffaele , Kenyon Johanna J , Russo Thomas A , Evans Benjamin A , Opazo-Capurro Andres , Rafei Rayane , Hamze Monzer , Daoud Ziad , Ahmad Irfan , Rather Philip N , Hall Ruth M , Wilharm Gottfried , Uhlin Bernt Eric 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative bacterium increasingly implicated in hospital-acquired infections and outbreaks. Effective prevention and control of such infections are commonly challenged by the frequent emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Here we introduce Ab-web (https://www.acinetobacterbaumannii.no), the first online platform for sharing expertise on A. baumannii. Ab-web is a species-centric knowledge hub, initially with 10 articles organized into two main sections, ‘Overview’ and ‘Topics’, and three themes, ‘epidemiology’, ‘antibiotic resistance’, and ‘virulence’. The ‘workspace’ section provides a spot for colleagues to collaborate, build, and manage joint projects. Ab-web is a community-driven initiative amenable to constructive feedback and new ideas.
Source estimation of the tsunami later phases associated with the 2022 Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption
Authors: Mizutani Ayumu , Yomogida Kiyoshi 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARY
On 15 January 2022, a large eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano in Tonga triggered globally observed tsunami waves. While the first arrival in the observed wave trains is now widely known to be related to the atmospheric Lamb wave generated by the eruption, large later phases, whose amplitudes were comparable to the first ones, were also recorded. In this study, we estimated the source of the later phases based on the Vespa analysis and proposed a new numerical scheme to reproduce them. The Vespa analysis estimates the arrival time and incident angle of each signal by a slant-stack process using its theoretical traveltime. The Vespa analysis revealed that small atmospheric waves excited the large later tsunamis. For the numerical experiments, we used two types of synthetic methods: finite difference method and normal mode theory. We found that both a good atmospheric wave model and bathymetric effect were important to generate the atmospheric-induced tsunamis corresponding to the later phases. A hybrid method calculating tsunamis by the finite difference method with the atmospheric waves by the normal mode theory as the input successfully reproduced the observed records, particularly in amplitude over the entire records.
Range contractions, fragmentation, species extirpations, and extinctions of commercially valuable molluscs in the Mediterranean Sea—a climate warming hotspot
Authors: Gallagher K M , Albano P G 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Mediterranean Sea is a global hotspot of climate warming and biodiversity loss where molluscs have provided valuable ecosystem services, such as provisioning and cultural value, since pre-historic times. A high rate of warming and range shift limitations due to the semi-enclosed nature of the basin raise concerns about molluscan population persistence in future climate scenarios. We modelled the future distribution of 13 Mediterranean species of molluscs subject to industrial fisheries exploitation on both the Mediterranean and Atlantic European coasts. We tested the hypothesis that range contractions, fragmentation, and species extirpations will become increasingly severe in the Mediterranean by modelling mid-century and end-century species distributions for four IPCC climate change scenarios. Already under mild emissions scenarios, substantial range contractions and fragmentation are projected in the Mediterranean, suggesting global extinctions by end-century for most endemic species. Colder deep waters do not act as refugia, contrary to expectations. Species also occurring along the Atlantic European coasts may benefit from warming through range expansions to higher latitudes or deeper waters. Most of the modeled species are already over-exploited, but their eradication from the Mediterranean will imply substantial financial losses and a profound cultural change in coastal communities.
Necessity of HuR/ELAVL1 for the activation-induced cytidine deaminase-dependent decrease in topoisomerase 1 in antibody diversification
Authors: Amin Wajid , Nishio Shoki , Honjo Tasuku , Kobayashi Maki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID)-dependent DNA cleavage is the initial event of antibody gene-diversification processes such as class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM). We previously reported the requirement of an AID-dependent decrease of topoisomerase 1 (Top1) for efficient DNA cleavage, but the underlying molecular mechanism has remained elusive. This study focuses on HuR/ELAVL1, a protein that binds to AU-rich elements in RNA. HuR-knockout (KO) CH12 cells derived from murine B lymphoma cells were found to have lower CSR and hypermutation efficiencies due to decreased AID-dependent DNA cleavage levels. The HuR-KO CH12 cells do not show impairment in cell cycles and Myc expression, which have been reported in HuR-reduced spleen B cells. Furthermore, drugs that scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) do not rescue the lower CSR in HuR-KO CH12 cells, meaning that ROS or decreased c-Myc protein amount is not the reason for the deficiencies of CSR and hypermutation in HuR-KO CH12 cells. We show that HuR binds to Top1 mRNA and that complete deletion of HuR abolishes AID-dependent repression of Top1 protein synthesis in CH12 cells. Additionally, reduction of CSR to IgG3 in HuR-KO cells is rescued by knockdown of Top1, indicating that elimination of the AID-dependent Top1 decrease is the cause of the inefficiency of DNA cleavage, CSR and hypermutation in HuR-KO cells. These results show that HuR is required for initiation of antibody diversification and acquired immunity through the regulation of AID-dependent DNA cleavage by repressing Top1 protein synthesis.
Global Virtual Team Working during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Barry Phelim , Kane Bridget 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Virtual work introduces distinct challenges when compared to face-to-face or on-site work. Communication and collaboration are key factors in team development and in team performance. When teamwork is of a global nature, imposed because of a pandemic, then additional variables are introduced into the equation. The challenges that global virtual teams (GVTs) encounter when communicating and developing in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic impacts how work is structured and teams develop. This qualitative study was conducted just over 1 year after the start of the Covid-19 pandemic when working from home became mandatory and particular challenges for GVTs became apparent. Data are gathered through an online anonymous survey and followed by semi-structured video-mediated interviews with staff in a large multinational software development company. Findings show that GVTs encounter a number of distinct challenges than face-to-face teams. However, individuals are actively adapting to the situation in which they find themselves and are learning to deal with the challenges by being proactive. Even though the tools used previously may not be entirely suitable for virtual work, GVTs learn to change how tools are used to be more productive and collaborative. Challenges continue to exist in areas, such as knowledge gathering and knowledge sharing. Communication failures can lead to delays and confusion. The findings also indicate that even though GVTs are not communicating as much informally or socially with their colleagues because of remote working in the pandemic, being remote is not having a negative effect on the ability to get work done. Some aspects of team development can be negatively affected when working in GVTs. Impacts are identified relating to trust and relationship building, as well as being able to identify and resolve conflict. These results prompt further research opportunities as organizations and individuals continue to adapt and embrace global virtual teamwork.