bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cortical superficial siderosis, hematoma volume, and outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage: a mediation analysis
Authors: Jin Yu-jia , Li Jia-wen , Wu Jian , Huang Yu-hui , Yang Kai-cheng , An Hong-na , Yuan Chang-zheng , Gao Feng , Tong Lu-sha 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that cortical superficial siderosis (cSS) can increase hematoma volume and predict poor outcomes following primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).ObjectiveWe aimed to determine whether a large hematoma volume was the essential factor contributing to worse outcomes of cSS.MethodsPatients with spontaneous ICH underwent a CT scan within 48 h after ictus. Evaluation of cSS was performed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 7 days. The 90-day outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). In addition, we investigated the correlation between cSS, hematoma volume, and 90-day outcomes using multivariate regression and mediation analyses.ResultsAmong the 673 patients with ICH [mean (SD) age, 61 (13) years; 237 female subjects (35.2%); median (IQR) hematoma volume, 9.0 (3.0–17.6) ml], 131 (19.5%) had cSS. There was an association between cSS and larger hematoma volume (β = 4.449, 95% CI 1.890–7.009, p &lt; 0.001) independent of hematoma location and was also related to worse 90-day mRS (β = 0.333, 95% CI 0.008–0.659, p = 0.045) in multivariable regression. In addition, mediation analyses revealed that hematoma volume was an essential factor mediating the effect of cSS on unfavorable 90-day outcomes (proportion mediated:66.04%, p = 0.01).ConclusionLarge hematoma volume was the major charge of directing cSS to worse outcomes in patients with mild to moderate ICH, and cSS was related to a larger hematoma in both lobar and non-lobar areas.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04803292, identifier: NCT04803292.
EMAGINE–Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial for determining the efficacy of a frequency tuned electromagnetic field treatment in facilitating recovery within the subacute phase following ischemic stroke
Authors: Saver Jeffrey L. , Duncan Pamela W. , Stein Joel , Cramer Steven C. , Eng Janice J. , Lifshitz Assaf , Hochberg Arielle , Bornstein Natan M. 
Published: May 2023

Stroke is a leading cause of disability with limited effective interventions that improve recovery in the subacute phase. This protocol aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a non-invasive, extremely low-frequency, low-intensity, frequency-tuned electromagnetic field treatment [Electromagnetic Network Targeting Field (ENTF) therapy] in reducing disability and promoting recovery in people with subacute ischemic stroke (IS) with moderate-severe disability and upper extremity (UE) motor impairment. Following a sample-size adaptive design with a single interim analysis, at least 150 and up to 344 participants will be recruited to detect a 0.5-point (with a minimum of 0.33 points) difference on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) between groups with 80% power at a 5% significance level. This ElectroMAGnetic field Ischemic stroke–Novel subacutE treatment (EMAGINE) trial is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled, parallel two-arm study to be conducted at approximately 20 United States sites, and enroll participants with subacute IS and moderate-severe disability with UE motor impairment. Participants will be assigned to active (ENTF) or sham treatment, initiated 4–21 days after stroke onset. The intervention, applied to the central nervous system, is designed for suitability in multiple clinical settings and at home. Primary endpoint is change in mRS score from baseline to 90 days post-stroke. Secondary endpoints: change from baseline to 90 days post-stroke on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment - UE (lead secondary endpoint), Box and Block Test, 10-Meter Walk, and others, to be analyzed in a hierarchical manner. EMAGINE will evaluate whether ENTF therapy is safe and effective at reducing disability following subacute IS.Trial registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05044507 (14 September 2021).
Metformin inhibits spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in spinal dorsal cord neurons from paclitaxel-treated rats
Authors: Liu Ting-Ting , Qiu Chun-Yu , Hu Wang-Ping 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionCancer patients treated with paclitaxel often develop chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, which has not been effectively treated with drugs. The anti-diabetic drug metformin is effective in the treatment of neuropathic pain. The aim of this study was to elucidate effect of metformin on paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain and spinal synaptic transmission.MethodsElectrophysiological experiments on rat spinal slices were performed in vitro and mechanical allodynia quantified in vitro.ResultsThe present data demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel produced mechanical allodynia and potentiated spinal synaptic transmission. Intrathecal injection of metformin significantly reversed the established mechanical allodynia induced by paclitaxel in rats. Either spinal or systemic administration of metformin significantly inhibited the increased frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) in spinal dorsal horn neurons from paclitaxel-treated rats. We found that 1 h incubation of metformin also reduced the frequency rather than the amplitude of sEPSCs in the spinal slices from paclitaxel-treated rats.DiscussionThese results suggested that metformin was able to depress the potentiated spinal synaptic transmission, which may contribute to alleviating the paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain.
Neutrophil-to-high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio and mortality among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shi Ke , Hou Jie , Zhang Qun , Bi Yufei , Zeng Xuanwei , Wang Xianbo 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundInflammatory responses and lipid metabolism disorders contribute to the development and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of lipid-related inflammatory parameters in patients with HCC.MethodsFrom January 2010 to June 2017, we enrolled 1,639 patients with HCC at Beijing Ditan Hospital. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) analysis were used to evaluate and compare the predictability and reliability of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), neutrophil-to-HDL-C ratio (NHR), monocyte-to-HDL-C ratio (MHR), and lymphocyte-to-HDL-C ratio (LHR) values. A restricted cubic spline was used to explore the association between the NHR and 3-year mortality in patients with HCC. Differences in survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. The results were validated in an internal cohort between July 2017 and October 2019 (n = 373).ResultsAfter adjusting for confounding variables, NHR was independently associated with 3-year mortality, both as a continuous and categorical variable (both p &lt; 0.05). The correlation between the mortality and the MHR and LHR was not statistically significant. The NHR showed a suitable prognostic value (AUC at 3 years: 0.740), similar to that of the Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) (AUC at 3 years: 0.761). In the validation cohort, the AUC of the NHR was 0.734 at 3 years. The optimal cut-off values of NHR and MELD were 3.5 and 9, respectively. The 3-year survival rates in the low- (NHR &lt; 3.5 and MELD &lt;9) and high-risk (NHR ≥ 3.5 and MELD ≥9) groups were 81.8 and 19.4%, respectively, in the training cohort, and 84.6 and 27.5%, respectively, in the validation cohort.ConclusionBaseline NHR is a promising prognostic parameter for mortality in patients with HCC and patients with NHR ≥ 3.5 and MELD ≥9 have a high mortality rate.
Dynapenic abdominal obesity and susceptibility to fall: a prospective analysis of the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Veronese Nicola , Koyanagi Ai , Soysal Pinar , Bolzetta Francesco , Dominguez Ligia J. , Barbagallo Mario , Sabico Shaun , Al-Daghri Nasser M. , Smith Lee 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe prediction of the risk of falling remains a challenge in geriatric medicine and the identification of new potential reversible risk factors is a public health priority. In this study, we aim to investigate the association between DAO (dynapenic abdominal obesity) and incident falls in a large sample of people with knee OA (osteoarthritis) or at high risk for this condition, over 8 years of follow-up.MethodsDAO was defined using a waist circumference more than 102 cm in men and 88 cm in women and a concomitant presence of dynapenia, defined as a time over 15 s in the five times chair stands time. Falls, during follow-up, were recorded using self-reported information in the previous year. A logistic binary regression analysis was run, adjusted for potential confounders at the baseline, reporting the data as odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsOverall, 3,844 subjects were included, majority of whom had abdominal obesity. Across the 8 years of follow-up, 2,695 participants fell vs. 1,149 not reporting any fall. Taking those without DAO as reference, the presence of only dynapenia was not associated with risk of falls (OR = 1.18;95%CI: 0.73–1.91; p = 0.50), whilst the presence of abdominal obesity (OR = 1.30; 95%CI: 1.09–1.56; p = 0.004) and DAO (OR = 1.31; 95%CI:1.01–1.73; p = 0.04) were significantly associated with a higher risk of incident falls.ConclusionDAO significantly increased risk of falls as well as the presence of abdominal obesity.
Incidence, mortality and survival trends of penile cancer in Lithuania 1998–2017
Authors: Drevinskaite Mingaile , Patasius Ausvydas , Kincius Marius , Jonušas Justinas , Ladukas Adomas , Jievaltas Mindaugas , Kairevice Laura , Smailyte Giedre 
Published: May 2023

Background and objectivesThe aim of this study was to analyse trends in penile cancer incidence, mortality, and relative survival in Lithuania during the period of 1998–2017.Materials and methodsThe study was based on all cases of penile cancer reported to the Lithuanian Cancer Registry between 1998 and 2017. Age-specific rates standardized rates were calculated, using the direct method (World standard population). The Joinpoint regression model was used to provide estimated average annual percentage change (AAPC). One-year and five-year relative survival estimates were calculated using period analysis. Relative survival was calculated as the ratio of the observed survival of cancer patients and the expected survival of the underlying general population.ResultsDuring the study period, the age-standardized incidence rate of penile cancer varied between 0.72 and 1.64 per 100 000, with AAPC 0.9% (95% CI -0.8–2.7). The mortality rate of penile cancer in Lithuania during this period varied from 0.18 to 0.69 per 100 000, with AAPC of -2.6% (95% CI -5.3–0.3). Relative one-year survival of patients, diagnosed with penile cancer improved over the time from 75.84% in period 1998–2001 to 89.33% in period 2014–2017. Relative five-year survival rate of patients, diagnosed with penile cancer changed from 55.44% in period 1998-2001 to 72.90% in period 2014–2017.ConclusionsThe incidence rates of penile cancer showed an increasing trend, while mortality rates were decreasing in Lithuania during 1998-2017. One-year and five-year relative survival increased, however, it does not reach the highest scores of Northern European countries.
Identification and validation of a novel signature based on cell-cell communication in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by integrated analysis of single-cell transcriptome and bulk RNA-sequencing
Authors: Wang Jian , Sun Hong-Cun , Cao Cheng , Hu Jian-Dao , Qian Jing , Jiang Tao , Jiang Wen-Bo , Zhou Shao , Qiu Xiao-Wen , Wang Hong-Li 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe heterogeneous crosstalk between tumor cells and other cells in their microenvironment means a notable difference in clinical outcomes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). CD8+ T cells and macrophages are effector factors of the immune system, which have direct killing and phagocytosis effects on tumor cells. How the evolution of their role in the tumor microenvironment influences patients clinically remains a mystery. This study aims to investigate the complex communication networks in the HNSCC tumor immune microenvironment, elucidate the interactions between immune cells and tumors, and establish prognostic risk model.Methods20 HNSCC samples single-cell rna sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and bulk rna-seq data were derived from public databases. The “cellchat” R package was used to identify cell-to-cell communication networks and prognostic related genes, and then cell-cell communication (ccc) molecular subtypes were constructed by unsupervised clustering. Kaplan-Meier(K-M) survival analysis, clinical characteristics analysis, immune microenvironment analysis, immune cell infiltration analysis and CD8+T cell differentiation correlation analysis were performed. Finally, the ccc gene signature including APP, ALCAM, IL6, IL10 and CD6 was constructed based on univariate Cox analysis and multivariate Cox regression. Kaplan-Meier analysis and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to evaluate the model in the train group and the validation group, respectively.ResultsWith CD8+T cells from naive to exhaustion state, significantly decreased expression of protective factor (CD6 gene) is associated with poorer prognosis in patients with HNSCC. The role of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment has been identified as tumor-associated macrophage (TAM), which can promote tumor proliferation and help tumor cells provide more nutrients and channels to facilitate tumor cell invasion and metastasis. In addition, based on the strength of all ccc in the tumor microenvironment, we identified five prognostic ccc gene signatures (cccgs), which were identified as independent prognostic factors by univariate and multivariate analysis. The predictive power of cccgs was well demonstrated in different clinical groups in train and test cohorts.ConclusionOur study highlights the propensity for crosstalk between tumors and other cells and developed a novel signature on the basis of a strong association gene for cell communication that has a powerful ability to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with HNSCC. This may provide some guidance for developing diagnostic biomarkers for risk stratification and therapeutic targets for new therapeutic strategies.
Novel infusion strategy reduces severe adverse events caused by the anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody naxitamab
Authors: Varo Amalia , Castañeda Alicia , Chamorro Saray , Muñoz Juan Pablo , Gorostegui Maite , Celma Mónica S. , Lopez Sandra , Simao Margarida , Perez-Jaume Sara , Mora Jaume 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionAnti-disialoganglioside 2 (anti-GD2) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are associated with Grade ≥3 (≥G3) adverse events (AEs) such as severe pain, hypotension, and bronchospasm. We developed a novel method of administering the GD2-binding mAb naxitamab, termed “Step-Up” infusion (STU), to reduce the risk of AEs of severe pain, hypotension, and bronchospasm.MethodsForty-two patients with GD2-positive tumors received naxitamab under “compassionate use” protocols and administered via either the standard infusion regimen (SIR) or the STU regimen. The SIR comprises a 60-min infusion of 3 mg/kg/day on Day 1 of cycle 1 and a 30- to 60-min infusion on Day 3 and Day 5, as tolerated. The STU regimen uses a 2-h infusion on Day 1, initiated at a rate of 0.06 mg/kg/h during 15 min (0.015 mg/kg) and which increases gradually to a cumulative dose of 3 mg/kg; on Days 3 and 5, the 3-mg/kg dose is initiated at 0.24 mg/kg/h (0.06 mg/kg) and delivered in 90 min according to the same gradual-increase strategy. AEs were graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0.ResultsThe frequency of infusions with an associated G3 AE was reduced from 8.1% (23/284 infusions) with SIR to 2.5% (5/202 infusions) with STU. The odds of an infusion being associated with a G3 AE reduced by 70.3% with STU vs. SIR (odds ratio: 0.297; p = 0.037). Mean serum naxitamab levels pre- and post-STU (11.46 µg/ml pre-infusion; 100.95 µg/ml post-infusion) were within the range reported for SIR.DiscussionThe comparable pharmacokinetics of naxitamab during SIR and STU may indicate that switching to STU reduces G3 AEs without impact on efficacy.
Current research trends, hotspots, and frontiers of medical nutrition therapy on cancer: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Xia Hongfang , Wang Liang , Wang Haihua 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThere is a high prevalence of malnutrition in cancer patients, which seriously affects the anti-cancer therapy effect and outcomes, causing a huge disease burden worldwide. Appropriate nutritional support is important for cancer prevention and control. The aim of this study was to explore the development trends, hotspots, and frontiers of Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) on Cancer from a bibliometric perspective, and provide new insights for future research and clinic practices.MethodsThe global literature of MNT on Cancer published between 1975 and 2022 were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection Database (WOSCC). After refining the data, descriptive analysis and data visualization were performed with bibliometric tools (CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and R package “bibliometrix”).ResultsA total of 10,339 documents with a timespan from 1982 to 2022 were included in this study. The number of documents had increased continuously over the past 40 years, especially with a steep rise from 2016 to 2022. The majority of scientific production outputs were from the United States, which had the most core research institutions and authors. The published documents could be clustered into three themes respectively labeled by terms “double-blind”, “cancer” and “quality-of-life”. “gastric cancer”, “outcome”, “inflammation”, “sarcopenia” and “exercise” were the most prominent keywords in recent years. “breast-cancer”, “colorectal-cancer”, “expression”, “risk”, “in-vitro”, “quality-of-life”, “cancer” and “life” might represent the newly emerged topics.ConclusionsThere were a good research foundation and reasonable disciplinary structure in the field of medical nutrition therapy for cancer at present. The core research team was mainly located in the United States, England, and other developed countries. According to the current trends in publications, more articles shall be published in the future. Nutritional metabolism, malnutrition risk, and the impact of nutritional therapy on prognosis might be research hotspots. In particular, it was important to focus on specific cancer, such as breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer, which might be the frontiers.
Addition of gadolinium contrast to three-dimensional SSFP MR sequences improves the visibility of coronary artery anatomy in young children
Authors: Shen Quanli , Lin Chengxiang , Yao Qiong , Wang Junbo , Zhou Jian , He Lan , Chen Gang , Hu Xihong 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThis study aims to compare the value of a gadolinium contrast-enhanced 1.5-T three-dimensional (3D) steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequence with that of a noncontrast 3D SSFP sequence for magnetic resonance coronary angiography in a pediatric population.Materials and methodsSeventy-nine patients from 1 month to 18 years old participated in this study. A 3D SSFP coronary MRA at 1.5-T was applied before and after gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaaceticacid (DTPA) injection. The detection rates of coronary arteries and side branches were assessed by McNemar's χ2 test. The image quality, vessel length, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the coronary arteries were analyzed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The intra- and interobserver agreements were evaluated with a weighted kappa test or an intraclass correlation efficient test.ResultsA contrast-enhanced scan detected more coronary arteries than a noncontrast-enhanced scan in patients under 2 years old (P &lt; 0.05). The SSFP sequence with contrast media detected more coronary artery side branches in patients younger than 5 years (P &lt; 0.05). The image quality of all the coronary arteries was better after the injection of gadolinium-DTPA in children younger than 2 years (P &lt; 0.05) but not significantly improved in children older than 2 years (P &gt; 0.05). The contrast-enhanced 3D SSFP protocol detected longer lengths for the left anterior descending coronary artery in children younger than 2 years and the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) in children younger than 5 years (P &lt; 0.05). SNR and CNR of all the coronary arteries in children younger than 5 years and the LCX and right coronary artery in children older than 5 years enhanced after the injection of gadolinium-DTPA (P &lt; 0.05). The intra- and interobserver agreements were high (0.803–0.998) for image quality, length, SNR, and CNR of the coronary arteries in both pre- and postcontrast groups.ConclusionThe use of gadolinium contrast in combination with the 3D SSFP sequence is necessary for coronary imaging in children under 2 years of age and may be helpful in children between 2 and 5 years. Coronary artery visualization is not significantly improved in children older than 5 years.
Application of vertical transposition flap in closure for large facial soft tissue defects in children
Authors: Feng Rui , Chen Jigang , Wang Yining 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundWhile transposition flap is widely used for the repairs of facial defects, few studies has reported its application among children with large defects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the surgical techniques and principles in different locations on face of vertical transposition flap in children.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed our hospital database and identified children who were treated with vertical transposition flap for large facial defects between January 2014 and December 2021. Information was collected including patients' demographics, location and dimension of the lesion, surgical procedure, additional surgeries, complications, and outcomes.ResultsA total of 122 patients (77 boys, 63.1%) were included in this study. The average age for participants was 3.3 years (3 months to 9 years). One hundred and four (85.3%) patients had melanin nevus and 18 (14.8%) had sebaceous nevus. The average size of defects was 5.8 cm2 (ranging from 0.8–16.5 cm2). Ten patients (8.2%) suffered from dermal layer or full-thickness necrosis in the distal part of their flaps, They all recovered after conservative treatment and there were noticeable scars at discharge. Five patients (4.1%) had slight traction of the mouth and eyelid, all recovered about 2 week after surgery. An acceptable cosmetic outcome was achieved for all the patients at last time follow-up.ConclusionsRepairing large facial defects with vertical transposition flap is effective in Children, especially on forehead, cheek and mandible. However, this technique is far from perfect. Careful selection of appropriate patients and flap design might be needed.