bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Data-driven Method for Realistic Covariance Prediction of Space Object with Sparse Tracking Data
Authors: Liu Hong-Kang , Li Bin , Zhang Yan , Sang Ji-Zhang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Covariance of the orbital state of a resident space object (RSO) is a necessary requirement for various space situational awareness tasks, like the space collision warning. It describes an accuracy envelope of the RSO's location. However, in current space surveillance, the tracking data of an individual RSO is often found insufficiently accurate and sparsely distributed, making the predicted covariance (PC) derived from the tracking data and classical orbit dynamic system usually unrealistic in describing the error characterization of orbit predictions. Given the fact that the tracking data of an RSO from a single station or a fixed network share a similar temporal and spatial distribution, the evolution of PC could share a hidden relationship with that data distribution. This study proposes a novel method to generate accurate PC by combining the classical covariance propagation method and the data-driven approach. Two popular machine learning algorithms are applied to model the inconsistency between the orbit prediction error and the PC from historical observations, and then this inconsistency model is used for the future PC. Experimental results with the Swarm constellation satellites demonstrate that the trained Random Forest models can capture more than 95% of the underlying inconsistency in a tracking scenario of sparse observations. More importantly, the trained models show great generalization capability in correcting the PC of future epochs and other RSOs with similar orbit characteristics and observation conditions. Besides, a deep analysis of generalization performance is carried out to describe the temporal and spatial similarities of two data sets, in which the Jaccard similarity is used. It demonstrates that the higher the Jaccard similarity is, the better the generalization performance will be, which may be used as a guide to whether to apply the trained models of a satellite to other satellites. Further, the generalization performance is also evaluated by the classical Cramer von Misses test, which also shows that trained models have encouraging generalization performance.
Mechanism of low-frequency, low-intensity ultrasound modulation of the mouse retina
Authors: Zhuo Shun-Yi , Gong Hai-Qing , Li Guo-Feng , Qiu Wei-Bao , Zheng Hai-Rong , Liang Pei-Ji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective. Ultrasound has been shown to modulate the activity of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in mice, but the mechanism remains poorly understood. This study aims to address this question. Approach. Multi-electrode recordings together with pharmacological methods were used to investigate the possible cellular/circuitry mechanism(s) underlying the neuronal modulation induced by low-frequency (1 MHz), low-intensity (I
SPTA 0.5 W cm−2) ultrasound stimulation. Main results. We found that ultrasound activated mechanosensitive channels (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels are involved) in Müller cells, causing the release of glutamate, which acts on the extrasynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors of RGCs, thus leading to the modulation of neuronal activity. Significance. Our results reveal a novel mechanism of low-frequency, low-intensity ultrasound modulation, involving TRPV4 as a mechanosensitive target for ultrasound and glutamate as an essential mediator of neuron-glia communication. These findings also demonstrate that the mechanical-force-mediated pathway is important for retinal signal modulation during visual processes, such as visual accommodation.
A data acquisition and reconstruction software for SAMPA-SRS integration
Authors: de Souza G.G.A. , Abelha T.S. , Saramela T.B. , Cortez A.F.V. , da Luz H.N. , Penteado C.G. , Bregant M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this work we present the latest developments in the SAMPA-SRS integration. A
software was developed to improve the acquisition configuration, acquisition, and decoding of the data. The complete framework was tested using a triple GEM-based position sensitive detector for X-rays. The detector was operated in Ar/CO2 (70/30) in continuous flow, at atmospheric pressure and made use of a 1 dimension strip readout (200 μm wide strips at a pitch of 400 μm) for charge collection. With this detector a position resolution of better than 833 μm was obtained, with an energy resolution of 14.2 % (σ/E) for 5.9 keV.
THC in breath aerosols collected with an impaction filter device before and after legal-market product inhalation—a pilot study
Authors: Jeerage Kavita M , Beuning Cheryle N , Friss Adam J , Bidwell L Cinnamon , Lovestead Tara M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
An accurate cannabis breathalyzer based on quantitation of the psychoactive cannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) could be an important tool for deterring impaired driving. Such a device does not exist. Simply translating what is known about alcohol breathalyzers is insufficient because ethanol is detected as a vapor. THC has extremely low volatility and is hypothesized to be carried in breath by aerosol particles formed from lung surfactant. Exhaled breath aerosols can be recovered from electrostatic filter devices, but consistent quantitative results across multiple studies have not been demonstrated. We used a simple-to-use impaction filter device to collect breath aerosols from participants before and after they smoked a legal market cannabis flower containing ∼25% Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid. Breath collection occurred at an intake session (baseline-intake) and four weeks later in a federally-compliant mobile laboratory 15 min before (baseline-experimental) and 1 h after cannabis use (post-use). Cannabis use was in the participant’s residence. Participants were asked to follow a breathing maneuver designed to increase aerosol production. Breath extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring of two transitions for analytes and their deuterated internal standards. Over more than 1 yr, 42 breath samples from 18 participants were collected and analyzed in six batches. THC was quantified in 31% of baseline-intake, 36% of baseline-experimental, and 80% of 1 h post-use breath extracts. The quantities observed 1 h post-use are compared to those reported in six other pilot studies that sampled breath at known intervals following cannabis use and are discussed with respect to participant characteristics and breath sampling protocols. Larger studies with verified abstinence and more post-use timepoints are necessary to generate statistically significant data to develop meaningful cannabis breathalyzer technology.
Computationally effective estimation of supersonic flow field around airfoils using sparse convolutional neural network
Authors: Wu Ming-Yu , Peng Jiang-Zhou , Qiu Zhi-Ming , Chen Zhi-Hua , Li Yu-Bai , Wu Wei-Tao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This work proposes an innovative approach for supersonic flow field modeling around airfoils based on sparse convolutional neural networks (SCNNs) and Bézier generative adversarial network (GAN), where (1) the SCNN model is built to end-to-end predict supersonic compressible physical flow fields around airfoils from spatially-sparse geometries and (2) the trained Bézier-GAN is utilized to generate plenty of smooth airfoils as well as the latent codes representing airfoils. The spatially-sparse positions of airfoil geometry are represented using signed distance function (SDF). Particularly, the latent codes are merged with the SDF matrix and the Mach number to form the input of the SCNN model, effectively making the SCNN model possess more robust geometric adaptability to different flow conditions. The most significant contribution compared to the regular convolutional neural network is that SCNN introduces sparse convolutional operations to process spatially-sparse input matrix, specifically, which only focuses on the local area with flow information when performing convolution, eventually saving memory usage and improving the network’s attention on the flow area. Further, the testing results show that the SCNN model can more accurately predict supersonic flow fields with a mean absolute error lower than 5% and save 40% of graphics processing unit memory. These results indicate that the proposed SCNN model can capture the shock wave features of supersonic flow fields and improve learning efficiency and computing efficiency.
The Tree of Life, Health, and Risk Through the Lens of Biblical Wisdom
Authors: Gregory Bradley C 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs a way forward in assessing how the Old Testament wisdom tradition might speak to decisions in a modern medical context, in this paper, I propose exploring the iconographic function of the “tree of life” in the Old Testament, which is consistently associated with both wisdom as well as life and health, in order to tease out two-related issues that can help in providing a Christian theological framework for thinking about the problem of the medicalization of risk: first, how should the natural and good human desire for health and long life be framed in terms of the pursuit of wisdom? And, second, how might a sapientially formed character approach risk and uncertainty in making medical decisions? The answers to these questions help establish a framework in which more specific questions related to the medicalization of risk can be assessed. As such, this paper is deliberately programmatic and perspectival rather than prescriptive.
NF1gene inactivation acts as a tumor driver inRET/RAS-negative medullary thyroid carcinomas
Authors: Ciampi Raffaele , Ramone Teresa , Romei Cristina , Casalini Roberta , Matrone Antonio , Prete Alessandro , Gambale Carla , Minardi Simone Paolo , Caparezza Giovanni , Pierotti Marco Alessandro , Torregrossa Liborio , Ugolini Clara , Materazzi Gabriele , Elisei Rossella 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveAbout 20% of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC) have no RET/RAS somatic alterations or other known gene alterations. The aim of this study was to investigate RET/RAS-negative MTC for the presence of NF1 alterations.MethodsWe studied 18 sporadic RET/RAS-negative MTC cases. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of tumoral and blood DNA was performed using a custom panel including the entire coding region of the NF1 gene. The effect of NF1 alterations on the transcripts was characterized by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), and the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the other NF1 allele was investigated with Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA).ResultsTwo cases showed biallelic inactivation of NF1 with a prevalence of about 11% of RET/RAS-negative cases. In a patient affected by neurofibromatosis, there was a somatic intronic point mutation determining the transcript alteration in 1 allele and a germline LOH in the other. In a second patient, we described that both the point mutation and the LOH were somatic events; this latter finding shows, for the first time, a driver role of NF1 inactivation in MTC independent of RET/RAS alterations and the presence of neurofibromatosis.ConclusionsAbout 11% of our series of sporadic RET/RAS-negative MTC harbor biallelic inactivation of the NF1 suppressor gene also regardless of neurofibromatosis status. According to our results, NF1 alterations should be searched in all RET/RAS-negative MTC as possible drivers. Moreover, this finding reduces the number of negative sporadic MTC and may have important clinical implications in the management of these tumors.
Right ventricular function is a predictor for sustained ventricular tachycardia requiring anti-tachycardic pacing in arrhythmogenic ventricular cardiomyopathy: insight into transvenous vs. subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator insertion
Authors: Honarbakhsh Shohreh , Protonotarios Alexander , Monkhouse Christopher , Hunter Ross J , Elliott Perry M , Lambiase Pier D 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aims
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) patients develop ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) responsive to anti-tachycardia pacing (ATP). However, VA episodes have not been characterized in accordance with the device therapy, and with the emergence of the subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S-ICD), the appropriate device prescription in ARVC remains unclear. Study aim was to characterize VA events in ARVC patients during follow-up in accordance with device therapy and elicit if certain parameters are predictive of specific VA events.

Methods and results
This was a retrospective single-centre study utilizing prospectively collated registry data of ARVC patients with ICDs. Forty-six patients were included [54.0 ± 12.1 years old and 20 (43.5%) secondary prevention devices]. During a follow-up of 12.1 ± 6.9 years, 31 (67.4%) patients had VA events [n = 2, 6.5% ventricular fibrillation (VF), n = 14], 45.2% VT falling in VF zone resulting in ICD shock(s), n = 10, 32.3% VT resulting in ATP, and n = 5, 16.1% patients had both VT resulting in ATP and ICD shock(s). Lead failure rates were high (11/46, 23.9%). ATP was successful in 34.5% of patients. Severely impaired right ventricular (RV) function was an independent predictor of VT resulting in ATP (hazard ratio 16.80, 95% confidence interval 3.74–75.2; P &lt; 0.001) with a high predictive accuracy (area under the curve 0.88, 95%CI 0.76–1.00; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
VA event rates are high in ARVC patients with a majority having VT falling in the VF zone resulting in ICD shock(s). S-ICDs could be of benefit in most patients with ARVC with the absence of severely impaired RV function which has the potential to avoid consequences of the high burden of lead failure.
A Soft Power Challenge, or an Opportunity? A Big Data Analysis on Chinese Soft Power during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kim Yerin , Kim Byungjun , Park Min Hyung , Nam Woomin , Kim Jang Hyun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Chinese government's rigorous efforts to enhance its soft power have confronted a major challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to look at how the Chinese soft power changed throughout the pandemic using English news articles that covered China. The research took a data science approach to investigate the contents of articles using machine-learning-based sentiment analysis and Dirichlet-Multinomial Regression (DMR) analysis. The results show a gradual downturn in overall sentiment and that the topics related to political issues made the most significant impact. Nevertheless, the major increase in referencing Chinese social media implied that the sources of Chinese soft power have been diversified throughout the pandemic. In addition, this research has aimed to engage in major debates around soft power theory. Providing a multi-disciplinary approach for analyzing soft power, this research has tackled the difficulties in the quantitative conceptualization of soft power.
Context-dependent role of Pho binding sites in Polycomb complex recruitment in Drosophila
Authors: Brown Janet Lesley , Price Joshua D , Erokhin Maksim , Kassis Judith A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins maintain the silenced state of key developmental genes, but how these proteins are recruited to specific regions of the genome is still not completely understood. In Drosophila, PcG proteins are recruited to Polycomb response elements (PREs) comprised of a flexible array of sites for sequence-specific DNA binding proteins, “PcG recruiters,” including Pho, Spps, Cg, and GAF. Pho is thought to play a central role in PcG recruitment. Early data showed that mutation of Pho binding sites in PREs in transgenes abrogated the ability of those PREs to repress gene expression. In contrast, genome-wide experiments in pho mutants or by Pho knockdown showed that PcG proteins can bind to PREs in the absence of Pho. Here, we directly addressed the importance of Pho binding sites in 2 engrailed (en) PREs at the endogenous locus and in transgenes. Our results show that Pho binding sites are required for PRE activity in transgenes with a single PRE. In a transgene, 2 PREs together lead to stronger, more stable repression and confer some resistance to the loss of Pho binding sites. Making the same mutation in Pho binding sites has little effect on PcG-protein binding at the endogenous en gene. Overall, our data support the model that Pho is important for PcG binding but emphasize how multiple PREs and chromatin environment increase the ability of PREs to function in the absence of Pho. This supports the view that multiple mechanisms contribute to PcG recruitment in Drosophila.
Polygenic pathogen networks influence transcriptional plasticity in the Arabidopsis–Botrytis pathosystem
Authors: Krishnan Parvathy , Caseys Celine , Soltis Nik , Zhang Wei , Burow Meike , Kliebenstein Daniel J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Bidirectional flow of information shapes the outcome of the host–pathogen interactions and depends on the genetics of each organism. Recent work has begun to use co-transcriptomic studies to shed light on this bidirectional flow, but it is unclear how plastic the co-transcriptome is in response to genetic variation in both the host and pathogen. To study co-transcriptome plasticity, we conducted transcriptomics using natural genetic variation in the pathogen, Botrytis cinerea, and large-effect genetic variation abolishing defense signaling pathways within the host, Arabidopsis thaliana. We show that genetic variation in the pathogen has a greater influence on the co-transcriptome than mutations that abolish defense signaling pathways in the host. Genome-wide association mapping using the pathogens’ genetic variation and both organisms’ transcriptomes allowed an assessment of how the pathogen modulates plasticity in response to the host. This showed that the differences in both organism's responses were linked to trans-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) hotspots within the pathogen's genome. These hotspots control gene sets in either the host or pathogen and show differential allele sensitivity to the host’s genetic variation rather than qualitative host specificity. Interestingly, nearly all the trans-eQTL hotspots were unique to the host or pathogen transcriptomes. In this system of differential plasticity, the pathogen mediates the shift in the co-transcriptome more than the host.
Targeting altered glycosylation in secreted tumor glycoproteins for broad cancer detection
Authors: Kudelka Matthew R , Gu Wei , Matsumoto Yasuyuki , Ju Tongzhong , Barnes II Richard H , Kardish Robert J , Heimburg-Molinaro Jamie , Lehoux Sylvain , Zeng Junwei , Cohen Cynthia , Robinson Brian S , Shah Kinjal S , Chaikof Elliot L , Stowell Sean R , Cummings Richard D 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop new tumor biomarkers for early cancer detection, but the variability of tumor-derived antigens has been a limitation. Here we demonstrate a novel anti-Tn antibody microarray platform to detect Tn+ glycoproteins, a near universal antigen in carcinoma-derived glycoproteins, for broad detection of cancer. The platform uses a specific recombinant IgG1 to the Tn antigen (CD175) as a capture reagent and a recombinant IgM to the Tn antigen as a detecting reagent. These reagents were validated by immunohistochemistry in recognizing the Tn antigen using hundreds of human tumor specimens. Using this approach, we could detect Tn+ glycoproteins at subnanogram levels using cell lines and culture media, serum, and stool samples from mice engineered to express the Tn antigen in intestinal epithelial cells. The development of a general cancer detection platform using recombinant antibodies for detection of altered tumor glycoproteins expressing a unique antigen could have a significant impact on cancer detection and monitoring.
The clinical features and TCAP mutation spectrum in a Chinese cohort of patients with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R7
Authors: Lv Xiaoqing , Lin Feng , Wu Wenjing , Wang Hui , Luo Yuebei , Wang Zhiqiang , Yan Chuanzhu , Lv He , Luo Sushan , Lin Pengfei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R7 (LGMDR7) is an autosomal recessive hereditary muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in titin-cap (TCAP). Here, we summarized the clinical characteristics and TCAP mutations in a Chinese cohort of 30 patients with LGMDR7. The onset age of Chinese patients was 19.89 ± 6.70 years old, which is later than European and South Asian patients (P &lt; 0.05). Clinically speaking, 20.0% of patients presented with predominant distal weakness, and 73.3% of patients presented with predominant pelvic girdle weakness. Radiological study revealed semitendinosus and magnus adductor were severely involved in Chinese LGMDR7 patients. Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, soleus and tibialis anterior were moderately to severely involved. The most prevalent mutation in this cohort is c.26_33dupAGGTGTCG, while c.165dupG and c.110 + 5G &gt; A are unique in Chinese population as two of the common mutations. Besides, variant c.26_33dupAGGGTGTCG might be a founder mutation in Asian patients. Internal nuclei, lobulated fibers, and scattered rimmed vacuoles were typical morphological changes in Chinese LGMDR7 patients. This is the largest LGMDR7 cohort in the Chinese population and in the world. This article also expands the clinical, pathological, mutational and radiological spectrum of patients with LGMDR7 in China and in the world.
China's rise and the reshaping of sovereign debt relief
Authors: Chen Muyang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
China has become the world's largest bilateral creditor to low- and middle-income countries, and yet its participation in collective debt-relief frameworks led by western multilateral institutions—the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the Paris Club—has not met those institutions' expectations. Prevailing discussion perceives China's ‘reserved’ participation as free-riding on or contesting the international sovereign debt regime. This article advances ongoing discussion by drawing a historical parallel between China's current debt-relief approach and that of the United States and the multilateral institutions during and after the debt crisis of the 1980s. The article finds that towards the end of the 1980s, the US transitioned from practicing a new money approach—continued financing for existing projects—to a haircut approach—increasingly writing off debts. Around the same time, multilateral institutions started to become more acceptive of debt forgiveness. Yet China's policy banks, the main financiers of its overseas projects, have been primarily practising a commercially oriented, new money approach. China's rise has therefore revitalized an approach that western private banks once commonly practised and weakened the current international sovereign debt regime that took shape in the post-1980s decades.