bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of punica shell crushed and water extract on pH of different part of digestive system in boiler chicken when it used for treatment of Coccidioses
Authors: Mualla Afaf Abdul-Razak 
Published: August 2023

This study was done in one field of chicken to conducted the effect of crushed and water extract of punica shell on pH of different parts of digestive system in boiler chicken, type Harberd as treatment of Coccidiosis.300 chick feed on same based diet without anticoccidial. the chick divided into three groups, at 8days of age the 1st group was given crushed of punica shell with meal by concentration of 0.0062 while the second group was given with drinking water extract of substance with same concentration, and the third group left as control group. the clinical sign was observed to insure that there were no natural infection. then the following parameter was done %mortality, lesion score and packed cell volume, total white blood cell, fecal examination of oocysts count, body weight gain, percent of protection calculated and the pH of different part of digestive system. all groups of experiment were challenged at 22 days of age with 50000 mixed live virulent sporulated oocysts of Eimeria(challenged infection). The clinical signs observed during first week of infection and at 28days of age. all parameter above were done. The result of experiment pointed out that the chick which given the crushed and water extract of punica shell develop resistant against Eimeria species by reduced mortality rate, lesion score, clinical signs, oocysts count, pH of digestive system and elevation of packed cell volume, white blood cell and percent of protection while the weight gain was not affected.
Detection of Theileria spp.in blood samples and estimation of haematological and biochemical changes in sheep in Al-Diwaniya province
Authors: Hameed  Al-Fetly Dhafer Rasheed 
Published: August 2023

The present study was carried out to detection the prevalence of Theileria spp. in sheep in Al-Diwaniya province and assess the hematological and biochemical changes occurred in sheep naturally infected with Theileria spp. Blood samples were collected from (132) sheep from five regions in Al-Diwaniya province. Result revealed that the overall prevalence was (26.51%).Ratios of prevalence were significant differences among different regions, the highest prevalence was (42.85%) in Al-Diwaniya while, the lowest (9.09%) in Sumar. The clinical signs were recorded in Theileria -infected sheep were enlargement of prescapular lymph nodes, loss of appetite, pale mucous membranes, and congestion of mucous membranes, coughing and diarrhea. In addition, present of ticks on the various parts of infected sheep. Statistically significant increase (p<0.05) in the body temperature of diseased sheep compared with uninfected sheep. Haematological study revealed that statistically significant decreases(p<0.05) in red blood cell counts, haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume with non-significant increase(p<0.05) in white blood cell counts and recorded significant increase(p<0.05) in the MCV and MCH values, while the MCHC value was non significant differences in the infected sheep when compared with uninfected sheep. The biochemical study revealed that statistically significant decrease(p<0.05) were observed in serum total protein, albumin and non significant increase(p<0.05) were recorded in globulin level, alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and creatinine, with significantly increase(p<0.05) in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), cholesterol and urea in the infected sheep when compared with uninfected sheep.
Study the effect of chamomile on hyperlipidaemias in Guinea pigs
Authors: AL-Bayati Ahmed J. 
Published: August 2023

In this study used ( 40 ) guinea pigs males Divided into Two 2 group and this Two groups Divided into Two sub groups . The Effect of 5% aqueous of matricaria chamomile ( 5ml/kg ) on Cholesterol and triglyceride level was studied in normal and hyperlipidemic guinea pigs . ( 20 ) guinea pigs food with high Cholesterol and divided into Two groups . And the ( 20 ) guinea pigs which give food normally and also divided into two group Group ( A ) of control without treated with chamomiles and group ( B ) control treated with chamomiles . So the group which given chamomiles ( B ) control and ( D ) high level of serum Cholesterol . and ( A ) control and group ( C ) high level cholesterol serum do not treated chamomiles . The group ( B , D ) treated orally 15 days with aqueous extract of chamomile reduced significantly the serum Cholesterol level of the hyperlipidemic guinea pigs when compared with their controls.
Study the effect of Laser rays on the vitablites (protoscolesis) Larveal stages of Echinococus granulosis which infested in the experimental animals (gunia pigs )
Authors: Mohammad Ahmed J. 
Published: August 2023

The present study ,we investigate the effect of Laser radiation of wave (325)nanometer (5) minute effect on the viability of protoscolices the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. When exposher to different wave of Laser .When increased the time of exposher to the wave there is reduction of violability of protoscolices also the effect of radiation on the development protoscolices in Ginea pig .The present Lethal Dose (LD50) of protoscolices (400) nanometer period(15)minutes.
In vitro antifungal activity of extracts of Anastatica Hierochuntica
Authors: Daoowd Wedad Salih 
Published: August 2023

The antifungal activity of aqueous and organic(acetone and methanol) leaf extracts of Anastatica hierochuntica was evaluated a gainst some common pathogenic fungi using the paper disc diffusion method .ALL the extracts were active against the test organisms with the methanol extracts showing the highest activity against candida albicans (28 mm zone of inhibition ), Cryptococcus neoformans(24 mm zone of inhibition ) ,fusarium oxysporum and penicillium digitatam ( 18 mm zone of inhibition ), followed by the acetone extracts against penicillium digitatam ( 16 mm zone of inhibition ), at 250 mg /ml . the aqueous extracts demonstrated the lowest activity (8 mm zone of inhibition ),against penicillium digitatam and (6 mm zone of in hibition) against Aspergillus niger at 250 mg /ml .preliminary phytochemical studies revealed that the leaves contained Hydrocarbonate, glocoberin ,Aminoacid ,glycoside ,Asteroids ,carbohydrate ,flavonoid (one structure: isovitexin and four structures flavonoloids, campferol ,Raminoglocozid ,Rutin ,Qurcetn ) ,Alkaloids, tannins.The activity of the extracts was stable at high temperatures and at acidic PH ,but decreased at alkaline PH .the minimum Inhibitory concentration ( MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration ( MFC) of the extracts ranged between 12.5- 150 mg /ml .the plant contain chemicals substances that can be used in the formulation of very potent antifungal agents that can be used for the treatment of Mycotic infections.
Phytochemical characteristics of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) leaves extracts
Authors: J. Al-Dawah Nadia K. , Ibrahim Suad L. 
Published: August 2023

Evaluation of the phytochemicals date palm leaves , .which have been shown the presence of many medical compound that are significant to the human health like tannins , alkaloids , trepenoids , carbohydrate , phenols, amino acids and flavonoids . So, the recent research activities are focused to assess natural sources date palm leaves antioxidants compounds .This is what explains the use of herbal drugs have gained importance in recent years which its efficacy and cost effectiveness few . Therefore, there is more growing trend in searching for antioxidants of natural origin.
The effects of garlic and nigella sativa on some biochemical and production characteristic in broiler chicken
Authors: Shamsa Mujeeb T. , Naqi Al-bayati Mohammad T. , Ibrhim Ibrheem A. 
Published: August 2023

This experiment are accrued to study effect of addition of garlic powder and nigella sativa of biochemical and production characteristic in broiler chicken , the group experimental roundly divided in to three groups as following group one control the second and third give 4% garlic powder and nigella sativa respectively in day 25 to 45 of experiment.The result show decreasing in significant concentration of mean of albumin , total protein and glucose in broiler that feed on ration contain garlic powder and nigella sativa in 4% in concentration of significant (p<0.05) and non significant changes in cholesterol concentration mean and heart weight , as well as nigella sativa group show significant decreases in live weight. This experiment was shown decrease in feed conception in garlic group than black seeds group when compared with control group .
Detection of Bacterial and Fungal Contaminants of the Imported Semen Straws Used for Cows
Authors: Mahmood Majid Mohammed , Abdul-AL-Mounam Moutaz Abdul Wahid , Faraj Basil Razook 
Published: August 2023

The study was conducted to detect the presence of bacterial and fungal contamination in imported semen straws used for Artificial Insemination (AI) in cows and antibiotic sensitivity test for those isolates. For this purpose, a total of 118 imported semen straws from local markets in Baghdad and some veterinarian clinics from December 2011 to February 2012 transported directly to the laboratories of Unit of Zoonotic Diseases (College of Veterinary Medicine / Baghdad University) frozen in liquid nitrogen (-196 ºC), the cultured on brain and heart broth and Sabouraud dextrose broth with routine biochemical tests, as well as antibiotic sensitivity test was done using 11 antibiotics. The results revealed isolation of Bacillus subtilis 34 isolates (28.81%), Staphylococcus aureus 27 (22.88%), and E. coli 13 (11.07%), also mixed infection was registered B. subtilis + S. aureus found in 9 straws (7.63%) and B. subtilis + E. coli in 3 straws (2.54%). The results of antibiotic sensitivity showed resistant strains of S. aureus against most antibiotics used, while B. subtilis and E. coli showed intermediate sensitivity to many antibiotics. In general, all isolates were sensitive to Azithromycin and Ceftriaxone. Fungal isolation showed Penicillium 16 isolates (13.65%), Aspergillus 7 isolates (5.93%), Alternaria 4 (3.39%), and Cladosporium only 2 isolates (1.69%). It could be concluded that there was a need to use a dose of Azithromycin to get rid of contamination and using of hygienic precautions in artificial insemination and using of disinfectants for sterilization of instruments and tools to avoid contamination.
Comparative Study of Bacteria and fungi air polluted Slaughterhouse of Al-Diwaniya City
Authors: Hashem Handool Al-Fattly Hams Hussein 
Published: August 2023

This research was studied for the period between November 2012 – February 2013. which included compared the numbers and species of bacteria and fungi found in the air inside and around the slaughterhouse. The results of statistical analysis show significant differences between the numbers of bacterial colonies isolate of air between inside and around the slaughterhouse during the months of study especially during the first month of the study and during the second month for the fungal colonies with no significant differences between the numbers of colonies isolate of air inside and outside the slaughterhouse . Study proved that total numbers in the air was about 196 bacterial colony and 22 fungal colony for environment inside slaughterhouse and 266 bacterial colony and 43 fungal colony for environment around the slaughterhouse. The results showed that eight types of a bacteria was isolated : Staphylococcus aureus, formed highest appearance frequency (16.68% ) in both inside and around the slaughterhouse, E.coli (16.64% ), Streptococcus pyogenes (9.69%) , Bacillus subtilis(7.55%), Salmonella enterica (3.83%) , Enterococcus faecalis(15%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.09%) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.34%), and isolated and diagnosed five types of fungi from the air around the slaughterhouse which are: Aspergillus flavus, Asper. niger, Mucor sp., Pencillium notatum, Pencillium sp., and four types of fungi inside slaughterhouse expect Asper. niger, and was the highest appearance and frequency of the fungi in the inside and around Pencillium notatum (26.25%). This evidence of air pollution, the bacteria and fungi, have an important role both in spreading of diseases for humans and animals by the contamination of meat and in addition that are handled within the slaughterhouse and therefore dangerous to the health of the consumer to that air polluted in and around the slaughterhouse.
Serological study of sheep of coccidiosis in Al -muthana
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed Mijbas 
Published: August 2023

Study was conducted in the province of AL- Muthanna to investigate the parasite Eimeria that causes coccidia in sheep The study is the first study conducted in the province of AL- Muthanna, collected 180 samples from different areas in the province of AL- Muthanna included (AL-Samawa;AL- Rumaitha; research station and agricultural experiments and the massacre of AL-Samawah for the animals before slaughter) . The results showed that the incidence of the overall study areas were (67.5%), the highest infection appeared in the AL-Warka (42.6%) and lowest in the research station and farm trials (11.11%), while the incidence in AL-Rumaitha (29.7%) and in AL-Samawah (16.7 %), the results showed during the months of the year that the highest proportion of infection was in the month of February(46.3%) and lower than in January (33.4%) and lower proportion of infection in March and December, respectively (12.97%), (7.4%). The results of the study and a significant effect for the lifetime of sheep on the incidence of the parasite at a level (P <0.05) as the highest infection rate at the age group (7 months and below) and by (66.67%) than it is in the age group (greater than 7 months) as it was (33.33%). The results also show there is no significant difference at the level of probability (P <0.05) between the incidence of males, which amounted to (48.16%) and females that were (48.14%), although there are differences calculation. The clinical signs represented in sheep infected with diarrhea chartreuse mixed blood ,smelly and sometimes contain clues mucosa, has appeared on the infected animal anorexia and general weakness also appeared on some dehydration, disarmament wool and roughness texture, and marked weight loss, but pathological changes were in intestine of infected sheep were congested with a white nodular lesions on the mucosal surface of the intestines were scattered on the mucous layer lining the ileal, and fasting and cecum.
Molecular Detection of AmpC Family Genes Encoding Antibiotic Resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Najaf Hospitals
Authors: Ali AL-karawyi Abeer Mohammed , AL-Jubouri Salman Aziz , K. Alasadiy Yassir D. 
Published: August 2023

One hundred and thirty significant bacteriuria were detected. The study showed higher incidence of UTI in females (73.08%) than males (26.9%). The E. coli isolates which grown on culture of all the 130 urine samples with significant bacteriauria were 60 ( 46.2 %) . The isolates which were resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin 53(88.3%) . The ability of E. coli isolates to AmpC production were tested; the results have revealed that 23 (43.4%) isolates produce AmpC β-lactamase. PCR amplification results have shown that eighteen E. coli isolates possess AmpC β- lactamase gene. The results in this study showed 8 (44.4%) had blaFOX gene and 7(38.9%) had blaCIT while 5(27.8%) of E. coli isolates had blaDHA and 9(50%) had blaEBC gene.
Genotyping of Candida albicans Isolated from broilers by 25S rDNA Analysis
Authors: Kaab Hiader Tuma 
Published: August 2023

Candida albicans one of the most fungi which isolated from clinical samples that cause many problems to humans, animals and birds. Candidiasis is an opportunistic endogenous mycosis in that perturbance of the microflora or other debilitation of the host. So, this study come to focused on genotyping and antifungal susceptibility profile to Candida albicans isolated from broilers.Ten isolates of Candida albicans were obtained from crop of broilers, samples was collected from poultry diseases lab. in Najaf veterinary hospital of different cases of enteritis broilers. All isolates were identified morphologically and biochemically by Hicandida identification kit and genotyped according to 25s rDNA of transposable intron I region of chromosome R. The results showed that all isolates belonged to the genotype A with amplification product (450 bp). Antifungal sensitivity profile by disc diffusion method showed no resistant to nystatin, ketoconazole and micanazole while three isolates (30%) showed resistant to fluconazole.
Histological study of ovary through last periods( Oryctolagus cuniculus) of pregnancy in domestic rabbit
Authors: Saleh Ahmed Mahdi 
Published: August 2023

The aim of this work was to study the morphology of the ovaries of rabbit at last peroid pregnancy in order to understand the effect of pregnancy on the development of follicles. Twenty local breed pregnant does in estimated ages, five does prepared for every stage beginning from 22, 24, 26 and 30 days by which gestation occurred. Their ovaries were removed, fixed in 10% of formalin and routinely processed of histotechnique for histological studies. The observations of histological examination shown that the cortex was occupied with different types and various sizes of follicles, Corpora lutea were also observed in ovary at each stage of present study. These results show, and according statistical analyses of the numbers of primordial and primary follicles become decrease with progressive of pregnancy. The diameter of primary follicles can be different according to the average diameter of the oocyte. The results showed that decrease rate of secondary follicles formation through all pregnancy stages of present work compare with the rate of primary follicles. The ratio of follicles growth to atresia folliclea in pregnancy is lower than that of the female at cycle stages. The morphometerical result showed that the increase in rate of the tertiary follicles in last day of gestation.
Pathological and molecular diagnosis of Brucella melitensis in the fetal and placental tissues of aborted ewes in Al-Najaf city
Authors: AL-tememy Hameed AbdulHussan , Al-jubort Kahalil Hassan , Abdulmajeed Ban Abbass 
Published: August 2023

Brucellosis is one of the common bacterial zoonosis in the worldwide caused by organisms belong to the genus Brucella, However, animal Brucellosis is a serious problem worldwide and is endemic globally and disease of sexually matured animals and commonly transmitted to other animals by direct or indirect contact with infected animals or discharges such as: aborted fetuses, placental membranes or fluids. Fifty samples from internal organ of aborted fetus and the same number of aborted placenta were collected from aborted ewes positive to Rose Bengal test. For isolation and identification of Brucella from placenta and stomach contents , the standard procedures (Alton et al., 1988) were followed. The isolates were further confirmed by molecular techniques. The results showed that Br.melitensis was isolated from all animals that expressed Rose Bengal and serum agglutination test positive .The agglutination with monospecific A and M antisera were performed and these test revealed that the bacterial isolates expressed three Biovar as following ,Biovar 1(M,50%),Biovar 2 (A,26%) and Biovar 3 (0,24%). The number of this Biovar were varied according to collect area of the samples, high percentage (44%) was seen in the ALmanitherh ,,followed by AL Shabeka (30%) and AL Kuzweenah (26%) The results of PCR assay explained that 22 bacterial isolates showed a single amplified DNA product (44%) ,two bands at the level of 273 and 680 bp were seen in 8 isolates (16% ) and four bands at 273,680,750 and 850 bp were reported in 20 isolates(40%).
Prevalence of Hydatidosis among slaughtered ruminants in Al-Najaf slaughter house, Al-Najaf, Iraq
Authors: Khaleel Khaleel Zainel , Hatem Abdulameer A. 
Published: August 2023

A study survey was carried out in Al-Najaf slaughterhouse to show the prevalence of hydatid cysts among the slaughtered animals during the period from 1/1/2011 to 30/12/2011, the slaughtered animals were local breeds ,both sexs ( male & femal) , different ages and from different region in Al-Najaf governorate. To detect the lesions of hydatid cysts we followed gross examination by naked eye and palpation with hands . The study sample include(47849 sheep, 30684 goats,18911 cattle ,).The morbidity of hydatidosis was 0.71 % (696 animal from 97444) among the whole slaughtered animals ,with a value of 1.07 % in cattle , 0.53 % in sheep , 0.77 % in goat . the highest infection rate in cattle, and goat was in spring (2.05 % ,1.24%) respectively . while in sheep was in summer (0.62%). The study also show that highest infection rate of cattle, sheep and goat with hydatidosis was in May (3.41 %, 1.32%, 1.86%) respectively . The morbidity of liver cyst was 8.331% ,as the follow (8.35% in cattle, 8.32% in sheep and 8.31% in goats) , while the lung cyst was 7.831% as the follow (7.658 % in cattle,7.528 % in sheep and 8.307 % in goats).
Stability of Resistance Induced by Escherichia coli in Comparison with That Carried by Clinical Isolates In Vivo
Authors: Kareem Al-Saedi Sajaa R. , Al-Khayyat Ali A. 
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the stability in experimentally induced resistance in sensitive Escherichia coli for comparison with clinical resistant strains of the same microorganism so the first step was collected of 14 strains of E.coli from different disease cases: diarrhea (children= 6, calve= 3, poultry= 1), UTI (urine= 2), mastitis (milk= 2). And identificated these strains by using biochemical tests.These strains were divided to sensitive and resistant strains to cefquinome (β-lactam antibacterial) according to the results of sensitivity test (Agar well diffusion method). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by tube dilution method (TDM) was estimated to 8 selected strains (4 sensitive and 4 resistance) for comparison. The MIC values for sensitive strains were 0.007, 0.003, 0.017 and 0.005 µg/ml, for resistant strains were 372, 400, 42 and 25 µg /ml for cefquinome respectively. The second step was to induce resistance to sensitive strains in vitro by exposing the microorganisms to sub inhibitory concentration (1/4 MIC) of antibacterial for 14 passages through which the bacteria was reidentified by using a differential media to exclude any contamination.The new MIC values were 1.25, 0.8, 2.0 and 1.5 µg/ml for cefquinome respectively. The comparison method was employed to study the degree of stability of resistance in sensitive and resistant strains against this drug are in vivo by multiple injections (three times) of standard suspension test microorganisms in mice followed by reisolation and reidentification from liver. The mean of drop MIC value for sensitive strainswas 10.34 folds, and for resistant strains was increase in1.40folds for cefquinome, which represent statistically significant a drop in the values of MIC for sensitive strains but in the resistant strains not significant because a slight elevation in the values of MIC.
Giardiasis in local breed queen : A case report
Authors: Al-Rammahi Hayder M. , Kashash Kasim H. 
Published: August 2023

A case was a local breed queen 3 years old ,with history of parturition since 4 days and suffering from mild diarrhea with steatorrhea. The cat was examined clinically and the feces was examined by both direct and concentrated method. The clinical examination reveal that all vital sings were within normal values. There were no any trophozoites detected in both direct and flotation methods . despite , just one cyst was detected in direct smear there were numerous cysts were demonstrated in centrifugal flotation method by magnesium sulfate with 1.20 specific gravity.