bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 8 Cord Blood – Defining Urgency & Delivering Speed
Authors: Regan Donna , O'Gara Erin , Miller David , LaValle Mariah , Narr Ericka 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The ability for cord blood units (CBUs) to meet the needs of transplant patients in urgent circumstances is a key attribute of this unique cell source. CBUs are cryopreserved, fully characterized, readily available for shipment, and avoid obstacles inherent with fresh cell sources. When patient transplant timelines are pressing and cell source availability and delivery speed takes priority, cord blood is both dependable and reliable.

Objectives
U.S. cord blood bank (CBB) shipments over five fiscal years (FY2018 – FY2022) were analyzed. The goal of this analysis was to establish a benchmark for CBU delivery speed, volumes, and patterns to inform transplant centers and patients awaiting transplant.

Methods
Data were categorized by number of days between a CBU order and actual shipment date. Order and shipment categories were: Ultra-urgent (same day), urgent (1-3 days), standard (4-14 days) and routine (15+ days).

Results
2,931 shipments of domestic (U.S.) CBUs took place from FY2018 – FY2022. Most shipment requests were shipped within the standard timeframe (n = 1,544 or 53%). Routine shipments (n = 643) came in at 22%, urgent shipments (n = 667) accounted for 23%, and ultra-urgent orders (n = 77) made up 3% of shipment timeframes.
In the standard category (4-14 days), 65% of CBUs shipped within the first 4 to 7 days. In the urgent category (1-3 days), 46% (n = 306) of shipments were next day, 2-day shipments represented 31% (n = 209), and 3-day shipments consistently comprised 23% (n = 152) of this category year over year. In 2020, after the initial onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, 29% of all shipments fell within the ultra-urgent or urgent category.

Discussion
25% of all U.S CBU shipments were distributed in 3 days or less. 59% were shipped in 7 days or less. 80% of all CBUs analyzed shipped within 14 days, with only 20% of shipped CBUs extending beyond the 14-day mark, most at the TC’s request. These data reinforce the rapid availability of cord blood for patients in need.
Abstract 12 Evaluating the Properties of the Donor to Determine the Quality of Cord Blood
Authors: Do Duy , Nguyen Tinh , Chu Thao , Ngo Tien 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Cord blood is a valuable source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that offer advantages over other sources, but the volume and the absolute number of stem cells in cord blood are limited.

Objectives
The study aimed to analyze the influence of the factors relating to mothers, babies, and collection on the quality of cord blood units before cryopreservation in Vinmec Tissue Bank, Vietnam. This provides a thorough insight into available predictors that can inform the potential recipients.

Methods
This study, conducted at Vinmec Tissue Bank in Vietnam between January 2019 and December 2021, collected, processed, and analyzed 2,668 cord blood samples. The study evaluated the impact of donor and collection factors, including maternal age, delivery mode, gestational age, infant weight, gender, blood group, geography, season, collection volume, viability, TNC, and CD34+ cell components on cord blood characteristics.

Results
Results showed that maternal age, gestational age, delivery mode, and infant weight significantly affected TNC and CD34+ cells, while infant gender only has a significant impact on TNC. Additionally, the collection features such as cord blood volume, geography, the season of delivery, and waiting time associated with cord blood outcomes.

Discussion
In virtue of its superior matching probability, lower incidence of GVHD, and reduced recurrence rates, cord blood is considered a favorable option for HSC transplantation. However, the limited number of HSCs available from cord blood for bigger patients can be addressed through global cooperation. The possibility of using multiple cord blood units for hematologic cancers has been made feasible through inter-unit HLA matching 29,30. As global cooperation between cord blood banks expands, there is a growing opportunity to find matching samples for recipients. Our large-scale analysis of cord blood throughout Vietnam has highlighted the significance of baby weight and volume in determining cord blood quality. This report represents the first-ever study in Asia to investigate the impact of geography and demography on cord blood. Further evaluation is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of these factors, which would enable more appropriate counseling for patients.

Figure 1. Elements that impact the quality of hematopoietic stem cells in cord blood.
Abstract 30 Cord Blood Derived Macrophages Promote Remyelination
Authors: Xu Li , O'Neil Shane , Kurtzberg Joanne , Filiano Anthony 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system, like multiple sclerosis (MS), result from autoreactive immune cells attacking myelin. Although numerous therapies targeting the immune system are effective for slowing the progression of MS, there are no therapies to promote remyelination. Therefore, we developed DUOC-01, a first-generation macrophage cell-therapy product manufactured from banked cord blood to promote remyelination. Using mouse models of demyelination, we determined that DUOC-01 blocked progression of disease and enhanced remyelination.

Objectives
Although preclinical data using DUOC-01 are promising, shortfalls in manufacturing and an unknown mechanism of action limits their use for MS. Here, we examined the effects of DUOC-01 on oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to develop a second generation product that promotes the maturation of OPCs.

Methods
We first developed an ex vivo system, using organotypic brain slices treated with lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), to measure remyelination by imaging the co-localization of myelin basic protein (MBP), a marker for myelin, and neurofilament, a marker for neuronal axons. Next we developed a primary OPC differentiation assay and measured maturation through markers of proliferation and differentiation. Using these assays, we set out to determine the ability of DUOC-01 and a second generation product to promote remyelination.

Results
In culture, our brain slices maintained well-preserved cytoarchitecture and myelinated axons, indicating a health three-dimensional system. Treating the slices with LPC caused massive demyelination of neuron processes three days post exposure. After washing out LPC, we treated cultures with vehicle or DUOC-01 and determined that DUOC-01 promoted remyelination when compared to controls. Using primary OPC cultures, we determined that DUOC-01 skewed OPC cultures to a more mature phenotype, demonstrated by the increased expression of the mature oligodendrocyte marker MBP. When treating OPC cultures with DUOC-01 conditioned media or separating DUOC-01 from OPCs using a transwell, OPC cultures still upregulated expression of MBP, indicating that bioactivity was due to factors released by DUOC-01.

Discussion
Overall, our data demonstrated that DUOC-01 promoted remyelination, and the factors released by DUOC-01 drive the maturation of oligodendrocytes. Thus, these remyelination factors released by DUOC-01 have the potential to work as a cell-free therapeutic for treating MS and other diverse neurological demyelinating diseases.
Abstract 31 Chagas Disease Screening in Pregnancy: Lessons from Screening Maternal Donors from Publicly Banked Umbilical Cord Blood
Authors: Rosen Melissa , Alavian Naseem , Izatt Susan , Rolfe Robert , Martin Lynn , Valverde Ana , Hernandez Jose , Kurtzberg Joanne , Livingston Elizabeth 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Screening for Chagas disease in the perinatal setting has the dual benefit of identifying cases in young adults, for whom treatment can reduce morbidity, and providing the opportunity for early intervention in the case of vertical transmission to infants. North Carolina (NC) has experienced substantial growth in populations from Chagas-endemic regions; however, routine perinatal Trypanosoma cruzi antibody screening is not performed in the state. However, T. cruzi antibody screening is performed on all mothers donating their baby’s cord blood to the Carolina Cord Blood Bank (CCBB), an FDA-licensed public cord blood bank in NC.

Objectives
We aim to identify the prevalence of positive T. cruzi screening serology within a large cohort of maternal cord blood donors in NC.

Methods
This is a retrospective review of positive screening serology for T. cruzi in all maternal donors of their baby’s cord blood to the CCBB in NC from 7/1/2007–05/31/2023. Screening serology was performed using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay for the qualitative detection of antibodies to T. cruzi.

Results
Among 26,698 cord blood donations screened over 16 years, 45 samples (0.17%) had a positive T. cruzi antibody screen. Of the 3,787 donations from patients self-identifying as Hispanic or Latino (14% of the cohort), 15 (0.4%) had a positive screen. The prevalence of a positive T. cruzi screen in donated cord blood was 1.7 per 1,000 cord blood donations.

Discussion
Our data highlight the prevalence of Chagas disease in a non-endemic region and suggest that targeted screening may be a feasible screening strategy for the state. They also demonstrate an additional value to maternal health for donors to public cord blood banks. Further evaluation is needed to determine if these patients had confirmatory testing and whether they were linked to care.
Size Restriction Is Required for Proper Functioning of a Bipartite Begomovirus AC4 Protein
Authors: Zhang Wenwen , Liu Shunmin , Xie Guohui , Li Xiuyu , Zhai Yingying , Lin Wenzhong , Wu Zujian , Du Zhenguo , Zhang Jie 
Published: September 2023

Many geminiviruses, including members of the genus Begomovirus, produce a protein known as C4 or AC4. Whereas C4/AC4 typically consists of more than 80 amino acid residues, a few are much shorter. The significance of these shorter C4/AC4 proteins in viral infection and why the virus maintains their abbreviated length is not yet understood. The AC4 of the begomovirus Tomato leaf curl Hsinchu virus contains only 65 amino acids, but it extends to 96 amino acids when the natural termination codon is replaced with a normal codon. We discovered that both interrupting and extending AC4 were harmful to tomato leaf curl Hsinchu virus (ToLCHsV). The extended AC4 (EAC4) also showed a reduced ability to promote the infection of the heterologous virus Potato virus X than the wild-type AC4. When the wild-type AC4 was fused with yellow fluorescent protein (AC4-YFP), it was predominantly found in chloroplasts, whereas EAC4-YFP was mainly localized to the cell periphery. These results suggest that ToLCHsV's AC4 protein is important for viral infection, and the virus may benefit from the abbreviated length, because it may lead to chloroplast localization. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
No Difference in Surgical Outcomes Between Stand-Alone Devices and Anterior Plating for 1-2 Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: Tao Xu , Matur Abhijith V. , Street Seth , Shukla Geet , Garcia-Vargas Julia , Mehta Jay , Childress Kelly , Duah Henry O. , Gibson Justin , Cass Daryn , Wu Andrew , Motley Benjamin , Cheng Joseph , Adogwa Owoicho 
Published: September 2023

Study Design.
Retrospective cohort.

Objective.
To compare rates of all-cause surgical and medical complications between zero-profile (ZP; stand-alone) implants versus any graft type with an anterior plate in patients undergoing 1-2 level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for treatment of degenerative cervical myeloradiculopathy.

Summary of Background Data.
Degenerative cervical myeloradiculopathy is increasingly prevalent in older adults. ACDF is a common surgical procedure for decompression of neural structures and stabilization and has been shown to have excellent outcomes. Although ACDFs performed with graft and plate have been the gold standard, more recently, ZP implants were developed to decrease implant-related complications, such as severe postoperative dysphagia. However, there is a paucity of papers comparing the surgical and medical complications profile of ZP (stand-alone) implants to grafts with plating systems.

Materials and Methods.
Data were extracted from the PearlDiver Mariner Database using Current Procedural Terminology codes to classify patients into 1 level, 2 levels, and a total of 1-2 level ACDFs. Patients undergoing surgery for non-degenerative pathologies such as tumors, trauma, or infection were excluded.

Results.
1:1 exact matching created 2 equal groups of 7284 patients who underwent 1-2 level ACDF with either grafting with a plate or ZP (stand-alone) implant. There were no statistically significant differences in all-cause surgical complications, pseudarthrosis rate, dysphagia, or need for revision surgery between both cohorts (risk ratio: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.80–1.21, P = 0.95). In addition, all-cause medical complications were similar between both cohorts (risk ratio: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.862–1.330, P = 0.573) or any specific surgical or medical complication included in this study.

Conclusion.
After 1:1 exact matching, the results of this study suggest that ZP (stand-alone) implants have similar outcomes compared with grafts with plating systems, with no observed differences in all-cause surgical or medical complications profile.
Automated Workflow for Calculating the Collective and Average Effective Doses of Galactic Cosmic Radiation Received by Pilots in Taiwan from 2006 to 2021
Authors: Huang Yu-Shiang , Yang Zi-Yi , Sheu Rong-Jiun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
On the basis of statistical data obtained from publicly available annual civil aviation reports, we developed an automated workflow for estimating the overall radiation exposure of aircraft pilots caused by galactic cosmic radiation. The workflow comprises several data-processing scripts that work with the batch analysis capability built in the NTHU Flight Dose Calculator. This method can quickly provide best possible estimates of the annual collective and average effective doses received by pilots of various airlines because all passenger, cargo, and charter flights operated that year were considered rather than some selected flights. The workflow and its implementation as well as analysis of results for the period of 2006-2021 are discussed herein. The results revealed that in 2019, six airlines in Taiwan operated 479 separate flight segments with 226 aircraft. The collective effective dose received by all 2,986 pilots was approximately 5,536 person-mSv; hence, the average individual effective dose was 1.85 mSv. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the doses decreased by more than half. In 2020, the collective effective dose received by all 2,936 pilots decreased sharply to 2,527 person-mSv, corresponding to an average effective dose per pilot of only 0.86 mSv. During 2006-2019, the annual average effective dose per pilot in Taiwan was between 1.65 and 2.71 mSv, and the average effective dose rate per flight hour was 3.15 μSv h.−1
Cumulative thiopurine dosing and keratinocyte skin cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study
Authors: Jansen Fenna M. , den Broeder Nathan , Lubeek Satish F.K. , Savelkoul Edo H.J. , Marcus Carlijne M. , Hoentjen Frank , van Dop Willemijn A. 
Published: September 2023

Background and aim
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with thiopurines are at increased risk of keratinocyte skin cancer (KSC). Most international guidelines recommend yearly dermatological screening of thiopurine-treated patients. Whether the association between the development of KSC and the use of thiopurines is dose-dependent remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the cumulative thiopurine dose and KSC development in patients with IBD which can be helpful to assist in further skin cancer risk stratification and personalization of screening recommendations in patients with IBD.

Methods
We performed a single-center case-control study, including patients with IBD with and without a history of KSC (cases and controls, respectively). The primary outcome was the association of cumulative azathioprine, mercaptopurine and thioguanine dose with KSC development. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed, the latter corrected for age and smoking, known risk factors of KSC.

Results
We included 50 cases and 150 controls, predominantly white population. Age and current azathioprine use were univariably significantly associated with KSC development. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, age at inclusion remained significantly associated. Cumulative doses of thiopurines (separate or combined) or duration of thiopurine use did not impact KSC risk, also after correcting for age and smoking.

Conclusion
Cumulative thiopurine dose and duration did not show an association with KSC development. Future KSC risk stratification, based on all available KSC risk factors, may aid in selecting individuals who can benefit most from dermatologic screening programs.
Improving outcomes in carcinoid heart disease – learning from a single centre
Authors: Cope Jack , Maclean Rory , Hota Shweta , Ramage John K. , Mullholland Nicola , Clement Dominique , Brown Sarah , Piper Sue , MaCarthy Phil , Wendler Olaf , Srirajaskanthan Raj 
Published: September 2023

Introduction
A significant proportion of patients with carcinoid syndrome develop carcinoid heart disease (CHD). Valve degeneration can lead to right heart failure, and worsening prognosis. Replacement of affected valves is an effective therapy. We reviewed patients treated with valve replacement to assess prognostic factors.

Methods
CHD patients records who underwent valve replacement from 2003–2019 were reviewed.

Results
Twenty-six patients underwent valve replacement. Mean (SD) age was 61 (11) years, 54% female. Eleven tumours were grade G1, with the remaining G2. NYHA pre-surgery mean (SD) 2.0 (0.7); post-surgery mean 1.2; follow-up mean (SD) 1.6 (0.8). Mean NYHA score difference from pre- to post-surgery –0.71 (P = 0.002). 88.5% two (PR & TR), 3.9% one, 3.9% three and 3.9% four valves replaced. 13 patients received Lu177 oxodotreotide; 27% completed four cycles. Mortality at 1 and 5 years follow up was 42% and 50% respectively. Cox proportional hazards model of survival from surgery, adjusting for age [hazard ratio (HR) 0.96 (0.89–1.03) (P = 0.25)], four cycles of Lu177 oxodotreotide demonstrated HR 0.087 (0.0079–0.95) (P = 0.045) indicating improved survival.

Discussion
Surgical patients were often NYHA grade II, and symptoms improved post-surgery. Four cycles of Lu177 oxodotreotide improved survival, although the confidence interval was wide. Further studies should be performed to assess Lu177 oxodotreotide in CHD.
Bioinformatics Analysis of Hub Genes Involved in Smoke-Induced Hemifacial Microsomia Pathogenesis
Authors: Liu Bingyang , Zhao Shanbaga , Ma Lunkun , Zang Tianying , Huang Changjin , Tang Xiaojun 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
Tobacco smoke is a recognized teratogen, which increases the risk for hemifacial microsomia (HFM) of the fetus during maternal pregnancy. The present study aimed to explore potential mechanisms and verify hub genes of HFM associated with smoke and tobacco smoke pollution (TSP) via bioinformatics methods.

Methods:
Hemifacial microsomia and smoke and TSP pathogenic genes were obtained. A protein-protein interactional (PPI) network was constructed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses and molecular complex detection were performed by Metascape. Finally, we used the cytoHubba plug-in to screen the hub genes.

Results:
A total of 43 HFM genes and 50 optimal smoke candidate genes were selected. Functional enrichment analysis largely focused on tissue morphogenesis and development. Two modules were identified from the PPI network, and 10 hub genes were screened out. The genes most relevant to smoke-induced HFM pathogenesis included TP53, ESR1, ESR2, and HNRNPL.

Conclusions:
This study identified some significant hub genes, pathways, and modules of HFM related to smoke by bioinformatics analyses. Our results suggest that the TP53, ESR1, ESR2, and HNRNPL gene subfamilies may have played a major role in HFM induced by smoke and TSP.
Lived experiences and the effects of domestic violence on female secondary schoolteachers in Uganda: A qualitative study using in-depth interviews
Authors: Oyat Gladys Ayot , Kitara David Lagoro , Kagoire Mary Ocheng , Eduan Wilson 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundDomestic violence is a multifaceted and complex phenomenon that, in many ways, affects victims and their workplaces. Little is known about lived experiences and the effects of domestic violence on female secondary schoolteachers in Uganda. This study explored lived experiences and the effects of domestic violence on female secondary schoolteachers on their professional and administrative roles.MethodsUnderpinned by a feminist paradigm, the study employed a qualitative research approach and narrative design. Snowballing was used to a point of theoretical saturation. In-depth interviews were conducted with twenty female secondary schoolteachers who were victims of domestic violence perpetrated by their spouses and triangulated with interviews of twenty-three headteachers from schools in northern Uganda. Conceptualization and meanings were derived from experiences of female teachers, which contributed to the understanding of complex issues of domestic violence and how it affects their professional and administrative roles. A local IRB approved this study, and narrative, thematic analysis was used.ResultsThe finding indicates that female secondary school teachers have lived experiences of domestic violence, affecting their professional and administrative roles, resulting in poor service delivery and interpersonal relationships. The effects were poor service delivery, absenteeism, missing lessons, poor lesson preparations, low self-esteem, mental health issues, depression, poor interpersonal relationships, bad attitudes, and lack of cooperation with others. Female teachers used both formal and informal means to cope with the situation.ConclusionThis exploratory study brings awareness to the lived experiences and effects of domestic violence on female secondary schoolteachers in Uganda. Domestic violence affects their professional and administrative roles with resulting poor service delivery and poor interpersonal relationships. Providing a supportive work environment is crucial for female teachers experiencing domestic violence to enable them to perform their professional and administrative roles. Different players, school managers, the Ministry of Education and Sports, feminist organizations, and relevant government offices can intervene by establishing workplace policies and relevant processes to support female teachers who experience domestic violence.
Phasor Identifier: A Cloud-based Analysis of Phasor-FLIM Data on Python Notebooks
Authors: Bernardi Mario , Cardarelli Francesco 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aims at creating an accessible notebook tool for the versatile analysis of phasor Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) data collected from various samples (e.g. cuvette, cells, tissues) and in various input file formats. The presented strategy facilitates morphological segmentations and diverse mask imports. Results derived from three compelling case studies involving cellular metabolism, nanoscale drug encapsulation (doxorubicin), and the impact of pH and metabolic cleavage on small fluorescent drugs (irinotecan), showcase extensive analysis capabilities. The notebook-centered approach accelerates phasor-FLIM data analysis via external servers, supporting multi-scale research and avoiding the need for GPUs, RAM, and disk space.