bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exaggerated blood pressure response to standing in young-to-middle-age subjects: prevalence and factors involved
Authors: Palatini Paolo , Mos Lucio , Rattazzi Marcello , Ermolao Andrea , Battista Francesca , Vriz Olga , Canevari Mattia , Saladini Francesca 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the prevalence of orthostatic hypertension and the association of the blood pressure (BP) level, supine BP decline, and white-coat effect with the orthostatic pressor response.

Methods
We studied 1275 young-to-middle-age individuals with stage-1 hypertension. Orthostatic response was assessed three times over a 3 month period. The white-coat effect was assessed at baseline and after 3 months, and was calculated as the difference between office and average 24 h BP. In 660 participants, urinary epinephrine and norepinephrine were also measured.

Results
An orthostatic systolic BP increase ≥ 20 mmHg was observed in 0.6–1.2% of the subjects during the three visits. Using the 20 mmHg cut-off, the prevalence of orthostatic hypertension was 0.6%. An orthostatic BP increase of ≥ 5 mmHg was found in 14.4% of participants. At baseline, the orthostatic response to standing showed an independent negative association with the supine BP level (p < 0.001), the supine BP change from the first to third measurement (p < 0.001), and the white-coat effect (p < 0.001). Similar results were obtained in the 1080 participants assessed at the third visit. Urinary epinephrine showed higher values in the top BP response decile (systolic BP increase ≥ 6 mmHg, p = 0.002 versus rest of the group).

Conclusion
An orthostatic systolic BP reaction ≥ 20 mmHg is rare in young adults. However, even lower BP increases may be clinically relevant. The BP level, the supine BP decline over repeated measurement, and the white-coat effect can influence the estimate of the BP response to standing and should be considered in clinical and pathogenetic studies.
Unmet healthcare needs among the population aged 50+ and their association with health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Quintal Carlota , Moura Ramos Luis , Antunes Micaela , Lourenço Óscar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented levels of subjective unmet healthcare needs (SUN). This study investigates the association between SUN in 2020 and three health outcomes in 2021—mortality, cancer, and self-assessed health (SAH), among adults aged 50 years and older, using data from the regular administration of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and from the two special waves administered in 2020 and 2021 regarding COVID-19. Three types of SUN were surveyed: care foregone due to fear of contracting COVID-19, pre-scheduled care postponed, and inability to get medical appointments or treatments demanded. We resort on the relative risk and the logistic specification to investigate the association between SUN and health outcomes. To avoid simultaneity, 1-year lagged SUN variables are used. We found a negative association between SUN and mortality. This result differs from the (scarce) previous evidence, suggesting that health systems prioritised life-threatening conditions, in the pandemic context. In line with previous studies, we obtained a positive association between SUN and worse health, in the case of cancer, though it is statistically significant only for the global measure of SUN (any reason). The higher chances of reporting cancer among those exposed to SUN might mean delayed cancer diagnosis, confirming that healthcare foregone was truly needed for a timely diagnosis. The association between SUN and poor or fair SAH is positive but not statistically significant, for the period analysed.
Cared and uncared populations: understanding unmet care needs of older adults (65+) across different social care systems in Europe
Authors: Calderón-Jaramillo Mariana , Zueras Pilar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPopulation care needs are dynamic. They change throughout individuals’ life courses and are related to the population structure. These needs are particularly demanding during population ageing and may vary depending on how societies cope with them. In this study, we explored the unmet social care needs of individuals in twelve European countries with different social care systems. We used data from the seventh wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) to conduct a cross-sectional study of individuals aged 65 and over with care needs (n = 7136). Unmet care needs were measured from an absolute approach. We fitted binomial regression models to explain the relative importance of individuals’ characteristics, health status and different social care systems on unmet needs. The absolute measure shows that 53.02% of the analytical sample faced unmet care needs as they reported limitations and did not receive help. The prevalence of unmet care needs is higher for men than women and for younger than older individuals. Furthermore, we found that individuals living in Mediterranean social care systems have the highest prevalence of these unmet needs. This analysis contributes to the ongoing debate about the challenges posed by ageing populations and their relationship with care.
Two faces of blindness
Authors: Hoepman Jaap-Henk 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBlind signatures are a decades-old privacy enhancing technology. It is not always clearly understood that blind signatures actually possess two separate properties: the intuitive understanding that the message to be signed is hidden from the signer, and the fact that the resulting signature is unlinkable (meaning that the signer cannot later tell in which session it created a particular signature). The question is: how exactly should these properties be defined, and can they be defined in a natural way such that they are mutually independent yet together imply blindness? In this paper we study this question, present formal definitions for message indistinguishability and signature unlinkability (and a few more related ones), and study their relationships. We show that these two properties are indeed mutually independent. Unfortunately their union is not equivalent to blindness in what appear to be only pathological cases.
Understanding intention and use of digital elements in higher education teaching
Authors: Müller Wieland , Leyer Michael 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Digital elements are being increasingly used in higher education teaching, but the intention and their actual use vary depending on the lecturers. We used the reasoned action approach to understand the beliefs and intentions behind the use of digital elements in this context. We conducted a quantitative survey in which university lecturers shared their intention concerning the use of digital learning elements and indicated their actual use. The results confirm the influence of attitude, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control on the intention to use digital learning elements. However, we also identified an intention–behavior gap: Only one-time effort to become familiar with digital elements has a significant impact on actual usage. We conclude that, above all, teachers must first be given the opportunity to become familiar with digital learning elements to be able to use them effectively. Understanding why such an intention–behavior gap exists should be the aim of future studies.
Person-centred Approaches to Psychopathology in the ABCD Study: Phenotypes and Neurocognitive Correlates
Authors: Retzler Chris , Hallam Glyn , Johnson Samantha , Retzler Jenny 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIssues with classifying psychopathology using narrow diagnostic categories have prompted calls for the use of dimensional approaches. Yet questions remain about how closely dimensional approaches reflect the way symptoms cluster in individuals, whether known risk factors (e.g. preterm birth) produce distinct symptom phenotypes, and whether profiles reflecting symptom clusters are associated with neurocognitive factors. To identify distinct profiles of psychopathology, latent class analysis was applied to the syndrome scales of the parent-reported Child Behaviour Checklist for 11,381 9- and 10- year-olds from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. Four classes were identified, reflecting different profiles, to which children were assigned probabilistically; Class 1 (88.6%) reflected optimal functioning; Class 2 (7.1%), predominantly internalising; Class 3 (2.4%), predominantly externalising; and Class 4 (1.9%), universal difficulties. To investigate the presence of a possible preterm behavioural phenotype, the proportion of participants allocated to each class was cross-tabulated with gestational age category. No profile was specific to preterm birth. Finally, to assess the neurocognitive factors associated with class membership, elastic net regressions were conducted revealing a relatively distinct set of neurocognitive factors associated with each class. Findings support the use of large datasets to identify psychopathological profiles, explore phenotypes, and identify associated neurocognitive factors.
DFTBephy: A DFTB-based approach for electron–phonon coupling calculations
Authors: Croy Alexander , Unsal Elif , Biele Robert , Pecchia Alessandro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe calculation of the electron–phonon coupling from first principles is computationally very challenging and remains mostly out of reach for systems with a large number of atoms. Semi-empirical methods, like density functional tight binding (DFTB), provide a framework for obtaining quantitative results at moderate computational costs. Herein, we present a new method based on the DFTB approach for computing electron–phonon couplings and relaxation times. It interfaces with phonopy for vibrational modes and dftb+ to calculate transport properties. We derive the electron–phonon coupling within a non-orthogonal tight-binding framework and apply them to graphene as a test case.
An integrated modelling approach for targeted degradation: insights on optimization, data requirements and PKPD predictions from semi- or fully-mechanistic models and exact steady state solutions
Authors: Guzzetti Sofia , Morentin Gutierrez Pablo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe value of an integrated mathematical modelling approach for protein degraders which combines the benefits of traditional turnover models and fully mechanistic models is presented. Firstly, we show how exact solutions of the mechanistic models of monovalent and bivalent degraders can provide insight on the role of each system parameter in driving the pharmacological response. We show how on/off binding rates and degradation rates are related to potency and maximal effect of monovalent degraders, and how such relationship can be used to suggest a compound optimization strategy. Even convoluted exact steady state solutions for bivalent degraders provide insight on the type of observations required to ensure the predictive capacity of a mechanistic approach. Specifically for PROTACs, the structure of the exact steady state solution suggests that the total remaining target at steady state, which is easily accessible experimentally, is insufficient to reconstruct the state of the whole system at equilibrium and observations on different species (such as binary/ternary complexes) are necessary. Secondly, global sensitivity analysis of fully mechanistic models for PROTACs suggests that both target and ligase baselines (actually, their ratio) are the major sources of variability in the response of non-cooperative systems, which speaks to the importance of characterizing their distribution in the target patient population. Finally, we propose a pragmatic modelling approach which incorporates the insights generated with fully mechanistic models into simpler turnover models to improve their predictive ability, hence enabling acceleration of drug discovery programs and increased probability of success in the clinic.
Automatically evolving preference-based dispatching rules for multi-objective job shop scheduling
Authors: Zeiträg Yannik , Figueira José Rui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDispatching rules represent a simple heuristic for finding good solutions for job shop scheduling problems. Due to their fast applicability and easy handling, they are often used in manufacturing companies to create appropriate production schedules. It has been shown that dispatching rules that are specifically designed for the requirements of a particular environment improve the performance of schedules. Hyper-heuristics based on genetic programming can be used for the automated generation of such dispatching rules. Evolutionary algorithms search the space of dispatching rule components for the most effective priority function to optimize the performance of the resulting schedule. Various studies have highlighted the advantages in the single-objective case, which made it possible to derive a large number of new dispatching rules that exceeded previous benchmark rules. Because it is usually necessary to consider more than one objective simultaneously to ensure effective creation of schedules, the need for a multi-objective optimization method arises. In this paper, we propose an interactive multi-objective optimization method, namely the reference point method, implemented in a hyper-heuristic genetic programming framework. A decision support system has also been developed and implemented in a web-based application to facilitate interaction with the user. Incorporating preferences into the solution process aims to efficiently evolve a dispatching rule that meets the expectations of a decision-maker. A fictitious experiment was carried out in a benchmark job shop environment. The results show that the final solution selected by the decision-maker can produce schedules achieving a desired compromise between the makespan, total tardiness, and total waiting time. Testing the evolved dispatching rule on an independent set of instances and comparing its performance with other benchmark dispatching rules revealed that the proposed method successfully finds dispatching rules that meet the decision-maker’s expectations and are capable of reproducing similar compromise schedules for unseen problems in the same environment.
Subject-matter and intensional operators I: conditional-agnostic analytic implication
Authors: Ferguson Thomas Macaulay 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough logical settings are typically concerned with tracking alethic considerations, frameworks exist in which topic-theoretic considerations—e.g., tracking subject-matter or topic—are given equal importance. Intuitions about extending topic through a propositional language are generally straightforward for extensional cases. For a number of reasons, arriving at a compelling account of the subject-matter of intensional operators—such as intensional conditionals—is a more difficult task. In particular, the framework of topic-sensitive intentional modals (TSIMs) championed by Francesco Berto and his collaborators leave the topics of intensional formulae undefined, which artificially constricts the expressivity of the theory. This paper proposes an approach to fill in this lacuna, emphasizing an analogous problem in Parry-style containment logics. In this setting, the approach receives a proof-of-concept through the introduction of a natural and general family of subsystems of Parry’s $${\textsf{PAI}}$$
PAI
—with sound and complete axiomatizations—that allow a fine degree of control over the topics of intensional conditionals.
Gender differences in intervention effects on delinquency for justice-involved youth: A preliminary meta-analysis
Authors: Galbraith Katharine , Huey Stanley J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate whether psychosocial interventions for justice-involved youth are equally effective at reducing delinquent behavior for males and females.

Methods
We used meta-analysis to test for gender differences in intervention effects for justice-involved youth, including 10 randomized controlled trials that permitted assessment of gender-specific effect sizes.

Results
Findings show interventions were ineffective at reducing delinquency overall d = -0.006, p = .921. Moreover, there was no significant difference in recidivism outcomes by gender, Q = .071, p = .790; psychosocial interventions for justice-involved youth yielded null effects for males, d = 0.006, p = .933, and females, d = -.027, p = .785.

Conclusions
This study is the first meta-analysis focused on gender differences in intervention effects for justice-involved youth. Our findings suggest a need for further study to better understand what works for reducing recidivism among juvenile justice-involved males and females.
Institutional distances and equity-based entry modes: a systematic literature review
Authors: da Silva Fernando Moreira , Ogasavara Mario Henrique , Pereira Renato 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe institutional distance between home and host countries influences the benefits and costs of entry into markets where a firm intends to conduct business. Entry mode choice is a function of a firm's strategy to increase its competitiveness, efficiency, and control over resources that are critical to its operations. This systematic literature review aims to explain the influence of institutional distances on equity-based entry modes in international markets. The present study contributes to the literature on international business using institutional theory to address the entry mode, and by analyzing the nature of the constructs used to measure the influence institutional distances have on the choice of entry mode into foreign markets.
Seasonal pollution and surface characteristics of microplastics in surface water in the Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China
Authors: He Ying , Huang Qian , Wang Qilong , Tang Mingfeng , Lu Xiaoyu , Cheng Fei , Xiao Guosheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe pollution of freshwater environments with microplastics (MPs) has attracted increasing attention owing to their threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Here, we sampled and analyzed MPs from mainstream, tributary, and backwater areas in the Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in impoundment and flood periods. Microplastic pollution was the most severe in the backwater areas. The average abundance of MPs reached the highest value in the flood period (5.27±3.47×107 items km−2), which was 3–5 times that in the impoundment period. In the 0.3–5 mm size class, the 1–5 mm fraction was the most abundant, accounting for more than 81% in the flood period and 68% of the total MP particle abundance in the impoundment period in the mainstream and backwater areas. However, 0.3–1 mm MPs contributed more than 50% in the tributaries during the impoundment period. Polystyrene, polypropylene, and polyethylene MPs were detected in foam, fragment, sheet, and line-shaped MP particles. White, opaque, foamed polystyrene MPs contributed 32–81% to total MP particle abundance in the watershed. Microplastic particle surfaces showed signs of damage and oxidation, and ten different elements were found. Oxygen was clustered on the surface of foam and fragment MPs. Microplastic pollution was severe in the Wanzhou watershed. Especially in the backwater areas, oxidized MPs of variable shapes derived mainly from surface runoff in the flood period and sewage discharge in the impoundment period were abundant. The results of this study contribute to understanding seasonal pollution patterns and surface characteristics of MPs in the TGR and similar watersheds.
Sex differences in the efficacy and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in residents of long-term care facilities: insights from the GeroCovid Vax study
Authors: Trevisan Caterina , Raparelli Valeria , Malara Alba , Abbatecola Angela Marie , Noale Marianna , Palmieri Annapina , Fedele Giorgio , Di Lonardo Anna , Leone Pasqualina , Schiavoni Ilaria , Stefanelli Paola , Volpato Stefano , Antonelli Incalzi Raffaele , Onder Graziano ,   the GeroCovid Vax working group
Published: April 2023

AbstractDespite the reported sex-related variations in the immune response to vaccination, whether the effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination differ by sex is still under debate, especially considering old vulnerable individuals, such as long-term care facilities (LTCFs) residents. This study aimed to evaluate COVID-19 infections, adverse events, and humoral response after vaccination in a sample of LTCF residents. A total of 3259 LTCF residents (71% females; mean age: 83.4 ± 9.2 years) were enrolled in the Italian-based multicenter GeroCovid Vax study. We recorded the adverse effects occurring during the 7 days after vaccine doses and COVID-19 cases over 12 months post-vaccination. In a subsample of 524 residents (69% females), pre- and post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 trimeric S immunoglobulin G (Anti-S-IgG) were measured through chemiluminescent assays at different time points. Only 12.1% of vaccinated residents got COVID-19 during the follow-up, without any sex differences. Female residents were more likely to have local adverse effects after the first dose (13.3% vs. 10.2%, p = 0.018). No other sex differences in systemic adverse effects and for the following doses were recorded, as well as in anti-S-IgG titer over time. Among the factors modifying the 12-month anti-S-IgG titers, mobility limitations and depressive disorder were more likely to be associated with higher and lower levels in the antibody response, respectively; a significantly lower antibody titer was observed in males with cardiovascular diseases and in females with diabetes or cognitive disorders. The study suggests that, among LTCF residents, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was effective regardless of sex, yet sex-specific comorbidities influenced the antibody response. Local adverse reactions were more common in females.
NMR resonance assignment of a fibroblast growth factor 8 splicing isoform b
Authors: Hargittay Bruno , Mineev Konstantin S. , Richter Christian , Sreeramulu Sridhar , Jonker Hendrik R.A. , Saxena Krishna , Schwalbe Harald 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe splicing isoform b of human fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8b) is an important regulator of brain embryonic development. Here, we report the almost complete NMR chemical shift assignment of the backbone and aliphatic side chains of FGF8b. Obtained chemical shifts are in good agreement with the previously reported X-ray data, excluding the N-terminal gN helix, which apparently forms only in complex with the receptor. The reported data provide an NMR starting point for the investigation of FGF8b interaction with its receptors and with potential drugs or inhibitors.
Personality and internet trolling: a validation study of a Representative Sample
Authors: March Evita , McDonald Liam , Forsyth Loch 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo date, characteristics of the internet “troll” have largely been explored in general community samples, which may lack representation of the sample of interest. In this brief report, we aimed to evidence the role of gender and the personality traits of sadism, psychopathy, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness in a sample of individuals who self-report having perpetrating trolling behaviours. Participants (N = 163; 50.3% women; Mage = 27.35, SD = 8.78) were recruited via social media advertisements and completed an anonymous online questionnaire. The variables explained 55.5% of variance in trolling. We found self-reported trolls were more likely to be men and have higher psychopathy, higher sadism, and lower agreeableness. Findings of this representative sample have implications for understanding, managing, and preventing this antisocial online behaviour.