bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of early intermediate states of the nitrogenase reaction by Se incorporation and regularization of EPR spectra
Authors: Schleicher Erik , Heidinger Lorenz , Perez Kathryn , Spatzal Thomas , Einsle Oliver , Weber Stefan , Rees Douglas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Due to the complexity of the catalytic FeMo cofactor site in nitrogenases that mediates the reduction of molecular nitrogen to ammonium, mechanistic details of this reaction remain under debate. In this study, selenium- and sulfur-incorporated FeMo cofactors of the catalytic MoFe protein component from Azotobacter vinelandii were prepared under turnover conditions and investigated by using different EPR methods. Complex signal patterns were observed in the continuous wave EPR spectra of selenium-incorporated samples, which were analyzed by Tikhonov regularization, a method that has not yet been applied to high spin systems of transition metal cofactors, and by an already established grid-of-error approach. Both methods yielded similar probability distributions that revealed the presence of at least four other species with different electronic structures in addition to the ground state E0. Some of these species were preliminary assigned to hydrogenated E2 states. In addition, advanced pulsed-EPR experiments were utilized to verify the incorporation of sulfur and selenium into the FeMo cofactor, and to assign hyperfine couplings of 33S and 77Se that directly couple to the FeMo cluster. With this analysis, we report selenium incorporation under turnover conditions as a straightforward approach to stabilize and analyze early intermediate states of the FeMo cofactor.
How is Customer Commitment Established in the Era of Experience ? An Impact Mechanism Research on Customer Commitment to Customer Experience from Utilitarian and Hedonic Perspectives
Authors: Fang Lingzhi Brian , Li Fuda , Yang Hongwei William 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

We are already in the era of experience. Despite the extensive prior discussion of customer experience, there is still a research gap between customer experience and customer commitment. Given that both customer experience and customer commitment have been highly emphasized by industries and academics, and previous studies have identified utilitarian and hedonic values gain much popularity in the experience era, the impact mechanism of customer experience on customer commitment necessitates further explorations from this point of view. Therefore, this study focuses on this research gap and thus proposes a theoretical model from the aspects of utilitarian and hedonic value. After collecting 405 questionnaires and then adopting several statistical methods to examine the theoretical model, this study finds that customer commitment can be constructed through customer experience from both aspects of utilitarian and hedonic value. In summary, this study provides several theoretical contributions to better understand the roles played by customer commitment, customer experience, and the utilitarian and hedonic values of brands or products. Simultaneously, several practical implications are proposed as well.
Predictive Biomarker Profiles in Cancer Using a Unique AI Model Based on Set Theory
Authors: Lazaris Anthoula , Tsamchoe Migmar , Kaplan Susan , Metrakos Peter , Hayes Nathan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The current study applies a new artificial intelligence (AI) method, ALiX, which is based on interval arithmetic, to analyze and interpret biological data for a clinical problem: identification of biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. Key unique and important features of this study is that ALiX provides an explanation to our medical hypothesis in the form of a list of ranked protein biomarkers that identifies which biomarkers are the most significant drivers of the predicted outcome, a capability that is not currently available in other AI applications. This study identifies a unique profile for stratifying cancer patients and for further stratifying the patients with cancer into subtypes that respond to treatment or not.
Stress field in the northeastern Japan and its relationship with faults of recent earthquakes
Authors: Tagami Ayaka , Matsuno Miu , Okada Tomomi , Sakai Shin'ichi , Ohzono Mako , Katsumata Kei , Kosuga Masahiro , Yamanaka Yoshiko , Katao Hiroshi , Matsushima Takeshi , Yakiwara Hiroshi , Hirahara Satoshi , Kono Toshio , Hori Shu'ichiro , Matsuzawa Toru , Kimura Shuutoku , Nakayama Takashi ,   Group for the aftershock observations of the 2011 _
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Inversion tectonics, an old normal fault that acts as a reverse fault in the current stress field, is frequently observed in northeastern Japan (Tohoku District). Furthermore, new reverse faults that formed in the current stress field are distributed in this area; however, the conditions that control these fault activities remain unclear. To investigate the condition of fault activity and its regional variation in the current stress field, the stress field in Tohoku District and the likelihood of fault activities are estimated in this study using slip tendency (ST) analysis. In the eastern margin of the Japan Sea (EMJS) area, the reverse fault type of the stress field is dominant. Therefore, the maximum horizontal direction changes clockwise from E-W to NW-SE, from the northern to the southern region. In addition, it changes counterclockwise from NW-SE to EW from the Japan Sea area to the inland area. In the Tohoku inland area, the estimated direction of the maximum horizontal axis changed before and after the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. Before the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, it was E-W to WNW-ESE. Therefore, only the stress field before the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake was used to calculate the ST values for seven events in the EMJS and four events in the Tohoku inland area. The results of the ST analysis showed eastward-dipping fault planes with low dip angles (approximately 30°–45°) and large ST values (approximately > 0.7). A large ST value indicates that the fault is favorable for slip in the stress field. A fault plane with a large ST value is consistent with the actual fault plane in the EMJS area. However, in the Tohoku inland area and southern part of the 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-Oki earthquake, the fault planes with large ST values were inconsistent with the actual fault plane, indicating that fault planes are unfavorable for slipping under the current stress field. These regional differences are consistent with the volcano distribution; therefore, the fluid supply from volcanic activity may help the fault slip under difficult stress conditions.
The Dynamics of Bargaining Power in a Principal-Agent Model
Authors: Giannatale Sonia Di , Curiel-Cabral Itza Tlaloc Quetzalcoatl , Basulto Genaro 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We propose a dynamic principal-agent model where the agent's bargaining power is the state variable and a law of motion that governs their bargaining power's behavior. Furthermore, we demonstrate the equivalence between our formulation of the dynamic principal-agent relationship and the standard formulation in which the state variable is the agent's reservation utility. Also, we propose and implement a numerical strategy to approximate our model's optimal contract and corroborate our equivalence results. Our numerical results indicate that agents with the same relative risk aversion might show different paths of their bargaining powers, and that more powerful the incentives ensue higher variability in the agent's salary. Finally, we explore the relationship between firm performance and CEO compensation by proposing an empirical equation, that is brought about from our law of motion and numerical results, to identify CEOs’ bargaining power and use model-generated data to validate it.
JEL Codes: C61, D86.
Comparison of Post-Treatment Methods and coating for Polysulfone Hollow Fiber Membranes
Authors: Sayed Marwa M. El , Sorour Mohamed H. , Abulnour Abdelghani G. , Hani Heba A. , Tewfik Shadia R. , Shaalan Hayam F. , Mostafa Yomna O. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The aim of the present work is to investigate the effect of post treatment of Polysulfone (PSf) hollow fiber membrane prepared by dry/wet spinning on the characteristics and performance of treated membranes. Also, the effect of coating of selected post-treated hollow fiber (HF) membrane on characteristics and performance is investigated. The Polysulfone hollow fiber membranes were prepared under controlled conditions. The post-treatments of HF membranes included treatment by soaking in magnesium sulphate 0.1%, water at 80 oC, sodium hypochlorite (0.1% ) and ethanol/isopropanol (0.1%). The last post-treated hollow fiber membranes were coated to form a thin polyamide layer via interfacial polymerization at controlled conditions. HF membranes were characterized by SEM, AFM, contact angle, porosity, and mechanical properties. The membrane performance with respect to water permeability under pressure up to 3 bar was investigated. The results of the investigation referred to the merits of each of post-treatment with respect to membrane hydrophobicity, membrane surface roughness and mechanical properties as will as water permeability. Further, the coating of post treated membrane produced membranes with low water permeability which could be suitable for membrane separation applications such as UF and NF. Testing of membrane rejection and water flux for different solutes and different conditions is recommended for future work.
Topological sonic whispering gallery protected by the synthetic Weyl points
Authors: Yang Hai , Wang Zhennan , Yang Yuzhen , Zhang Xu , Li Houyin , Yang Yiqin , Jia Han , Yu Yingjian , Lu Qiao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The synthetic dimensional provides a powerful platform for us to explore the topological properties of matter. In this paper, we choose two physical dimensions ($k_x$ and $k_y$) and one geometric structure parameter (the height of the air cavity $\delta$) to construct a synthetic space. The simulation results display that the three couples of Weyl points and Fermi arcs appear in the synthetic space. We find that the frequency range of valley chiral edge states can be flexibly regulated by changing the position of boundary truncation of the sonic crystal. Both theoretically and experimentally, we demonstrate that the sonic valley-locked whispering gallery can be realized along the interface between the sonic crystals and hard walls. In the valley-locked whispering gallery, the acoustic waves propagate unidirectionally along the closed channel, with highly scattering efficiency and small diffraction.
Changes in the venous return system and mortality in patients with constrictive pericarditis after pericardial stripping: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Rongping , Du Wei , Liu Dawei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to explore changes in the venous return system in patients with Constrictive pericarditis(CP) after pericardial stripping and examine their value in predicting mortality. An 8-year single-center retrospective cohort study including patients with CP after pericardial stripping surgery in Intensive care unit (ICU), Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Hemodynamic parameters were analyzed in 90 patients at 11 time points including before and after surgery and every 4 to 9 hours in the first 48 hours in the ICU (0h, t1-t3, 24h, t4-t6, 48h). Mean systemic filling pressure (Pmsf) and resistance to venous return (RVr) were significantly higher in patients who died (non-survival group) than survivors (P = 0.016 and 0.022, respectively). There was a negative correlation between Pmsf at 24h and lactate clearance rate at 6h, while the difference in Pmsf − central venous pressure (CVP) between 48h and 0h was positively correlated with both total fluid balance at 48h and serum creatinine at the time of transfer out of the ICU. Pmsf at 0h, Pmsf at 24h, Pmsf − CVP at 0h, RVr before surgery, RVr at 24h, APACHE II score, and SOFA score were evaluated as predictors of 28-day mortality. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was largest for RVr before surgery (0.771; 95% confidence interval, 0.583–0.958; P = 0.034). Pmsf at 0h, Pmsf at 24h, Pmsf − CVP at 0h, RVr before surgery, and RVr at 24h, respectively, combined with APACHE II and SOFA were significant predictors of 28-day mortality. SOFA combined with RVr before surgery had the best performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.883; 95% confidence interval, 0.758–1.000; P = 0.003). Conclusions: Pmsf, Pmsf − CVP, and RVr can be used as valid indicators for prognostic assessment in patients with constrictive pericarditis after pericardial stripping.
Moral hazard in fossil energy markets delays early adoption of zero-greenhouse gas emitting technologies
Authors: De Weerdt Loïc 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We use a real option approach to formalize the interaction between long-term climate policies, such as the Inflation Reduction Act, and short-term policies intended to protect consumers from volatile fossil energy prices. Examples of the latter are the US releasing strategic oil reserves to lower gas prices and European countries lowering their VAT on natural gas. We find that those short-term policies, which effectively counter incentives created by long-term climate policies, create a moral hazard in fossil energy markets. This, in turn, causes early adopters of zero-greenhouse gas emitting technologies to delay their investment. Ultimate adopters, however, do not change their investment decision. The result of this asymmetric reaction to policies is an intensified gradient of the adoption curve of technology, which potentially puts pressure on various supply chains, the financial system and ultimately government finances.
Hypergraph network embedding for community detection
Authors: Xiang Nan , You Mingwei , Wang Qilin , Tian Bingdi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Using attribute graphs for node embedding to detect community structure has become a popular research topic. However, most of the existing algorithms mainly focus on the network structure and node features, which ignore the higher-order relationships between nodes. In addition, only adopting the original graph structure will suffer from sparsity problems, and will also result in sub-optimal node clustering performance. In this paper, we propose a hypergraph network embedding (HGNE) for community detection to solve the above problems. Firstly, we construct potential connections based on the shared feature information of the nodes. By fusing the original topology with feature-based potential connections, both the explicit and implicit relationships are encoded into the node representations, thus alleviating the sparsity problem. Secondly, for integrating the higher-order relationship, we adopt hypergraph convolution to encode the higher-order correlations. To constrain the quality of the node embedding, the spectral hypergraph embedding loss is utilized. Furthermore, we design a dual-contrast mechanism, which draws similar nodes closer by comparing the representations of different views. This mechanism can efficiently prevent multi-node classes from distorting less-node classes. Finally, the dual-contrast mechanism is jointly optimized with self-training clustering to obtain more robust node representations, thus improving the clustering results. Extensive experiments on five datasets indicate the superiority and effectiveness of HGNE.
Develop an optimal washing method for textile relics adsorbing composite organic/inorganic stains
Authors: Wei Yuhui , Ling Xue , Su Zhaowei , Cao Xuejiao , Zhang Haiyan , Wan Zihao , Liu Kaixuan , Pan Wei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Textile relics was an important part of Chinese precious cultural heritage, and its washing treatment was the primary work of the restoration, display and storage of textile relics. However, the study on washing treatment of textile relics has always been controversial and major challenge, especially the study of washing method. Therefore, in this paper, washing efficiency, degree of abrasion, tensile strength, appearance morphology, infrared spectrometry and EDS spectra of textile relics treated by different washing methods were analyzed and compared to develop an optimal washing method for textile relics adsorbing composite organic/inorganic stains. Results showed that from the view point of balancing the mechanical properties and abrasion of textile relics, as well as the removal and redeposition of stain, the washing method of ultrasonic was more suitable for silk textile relics adsorbing composite organic/inorganic stains, the composite washing treatment {gently brush + ultrasonic (M5), gently brush + micro-nano bubbles (M6)} was more acceptable for cotton, linen and wool textile relics adsorbing composite organic/inorganic stains. In addition, the experimental results also revealed that the composite washing method was more environmental and energy-saving because of its higher decontamination efficiency, reducing the amount of detergent and reducing the washing time. Consequently, there was a huge potential for the application of the developed-optimal washing method for textile relics adsorbing composite organic/inorganic stains to the actual textile relic cleaning work, due to superior cleaning benefits and minimal damage.
Comparison between platelet lysate, platelet lysate serum, and fetal bovine serum as a supplement for cell culture, expansion, and cryopreservation
Authors: Rojas Juan Manuel Duarte , Munera Luz Marina Restrepo , Mira Sergio Estrada 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Human platelet lysate (PL) and human platelet lysate serum (PLS) are alternatives to fetal bovine serum (FBS) due to their ethical concerns, variability between batches, and their possible introduction of xenogenic contaminants. This study compared the composition and efficacy of PL, PLS and FBS as supplements in the culture and cryopreservation of human dermal fibroblasts, Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MCS), and adipose tissue (AdMSC). Biochemical components, some growth factors and cytokines present in each of them were analyzed, in addition, the cells were cultured in media supplemented with 5% PL, 5% PLS and 10% FBS, and exposed to different freezing and thawing solutions with the supplements under study. Biochemical parameters were found to be similar in PL and PLS compared to FBS, with some differences in fibrinogen and calcium concentration. Growth factors and cytokines were higher in PL and PLS compared to FBS. Cell proliferation and morphology showed no significant differences between the three-culture media. Regarding the cryopreservation and thawing of cells, better results were obtained with PLS and FBS. In conclusion, PL and PLS are an excellent choice to replace the standard supplement of animal origin (FBS) in the media used for the culture and cryopreservation of fibroblasts, WJ-MSC and AdMSC.
Chitosan Oligosaccharide Modified Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles
for Improving Oral Bioavailability of Naringenin
Authors: Fang Ruiyue , Liao Yiqi , Qiu Huishuang , Liu Yuxin , Lin Shiyuan , Chen Hui 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the research and development of nano-drugs have become one of the development directions of drug innovation. The encapsulation of the nanoparticles can change the biological distribution of the drug in vivo and improve the bioavailability of the drug in vivo. Naringenin is poorly soluble in water and has a low bioavailability, thus limiting its clinical application. The main purpose of this study was to develop a nano-sized preparation that could improve the oral bioavailability of naringenin.

Methods:
Chitosan oligosaccharide modified naringenin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA-COS@Nar NPs) were prepared by emulsification solvent evaporation and electrostatic interaction. The nanoparticles were characterized by HPLC, laser particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis. The release in vitro was investigated, and the behavior of nanoparticles in rats was also studied. The caco-2 cell model was established in vitro to investigate the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of nanoparticles.

Results:
BSA-COS@Nar NPs were successfully prepared, and the first-order release model was confirmed in vitro release. In vivo pharmacokinetic results indicated that the area under the drug concentration-time curve (AUC) of BSA-COS@Nar NPs was 2.37 times more than free naringenin. Cytotoxicity and cellular uptake results showed that BSA-COS@Nar NPs had no significant cytotoxic effect on Caco-2 cells and promoted cellular uptake of the drug.

Conclusion:
BSA-COS@Nar NPs could improve the in vivo bioavailability of naringenin.
Objective Value of the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) Map from
Ultrahigh b-value Diffusion-weighted Imaging (DWI) in 3T MRI could be a
Non-invasive Specific Biomarker for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ye Huiyi , Shen Yanguang , Zhang Kun , Zhang Chen , Chen Zhengming , Zhang Yun , Dong Zhe , Hu Yingying , Wang Meifeng , Fu Yonggui 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
This article aims to explore the ADC value of ultrahigh b-value DWI and the diagnostic cutoff point in prostate cancer.

Methods:
A total of 78 patients were included in this study. T2 weighted imaging (T2WI), conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (1000 s/mm2), and DWI with ultrahigh b-values of 2000 s/mm2 and 3000 s/mm2 were performed in each patient. With reference biopsy as the gold standard, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)s of each b-value DWI image were analyzed. According to different b-value receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, the ADC diagnostic cutoff point for prostate cancer was determined.

Results:
A total of 154 lesions were identified as prostate cancer. The ADC values for conventional DWI and ultrahigh b-value DWI with 2000 s/mm2 and
3000 s/mm2 were 1.097×10-3 mm2/s (1.040-1.153), 0.809×10-3 mm2/s (0.766-0.851) and 0.622×10-3 mm2/s (0.591-0.652), respectively, in the
peripheral zone and 1.085×10-3 mm2/s (1.022-1.147), 0.815×10-3 mm2/s (0.770-0.861) and 0.651×10-3 mm2/s (0.617-0.685) in the transition zone.
The area under the curve (AUC)s of the ADC values from ultrahigh b-value DWI (2000 s/mm2 and 3000 s/mm2) were 0.824 and 0.852 in the
peripheral zone and 0.905 for the ADC values from ultrahigh b-value DWI (3000 s/mm2) in the transition zone. In the peripheral zone, the ADC
diagnostic cutoff values for prostate cancer were 0.75×10-3 mm2/s and 0.685×10-3 mm2/s in DWI at 2000 s/mm2 and 3000 s/mm2, respectively, and
the diagnosis of transition zone cancer was 0.8×10-3 mm2/s and 0.634×10-3 mm2/s, respectively.

Conclusion:
The ADC values from ultrahigh b-value DWI demonstrated better consistency and diagnostic efficacy in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Wydatki na ochronę środowiska w Polsce
Authors: Górska Anna 
Published: July 2023

Nakłady inwestycyjne na ochronę środowiska są bardzo ściśle związane z systemem finansów publicznych. Badanie nakładów na ochronę środowiska w Polsce zapoczątkowane zostało dopiero w latach siedemdziesiątych XX wieku. Do tej pory system informacji o nakładach na ochronę środowiska w Polsce i Europie jest ciągle budowany. Pomimo corocznego wzrostu wielkości nakładów nie osiąga on zamierzonego poziomu jaki wyznaczono przy negocjacjach wejścia Polski do struktur Unii Europejskiej w 2004 r.