bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and Predictors of Patients with Sepsis who are Candidates for Minimally Invasive Approach Outside of Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Wahab Abdul , Smith Ryan J. , Lal Amos , Flurin Laure , Malinchoc Michael , Dong Yue , Gajic Ognjen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
To identify and describe characteristics of patients with sepsis who could be treated with minimally invasive sepsis (MIS) approach without ICU admission, and to develop a prediction model to select candidates for MIS approach.

Methods
A secondary analysis of the electronic database of patients with sepsis at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Candidates for the MIS approach were adults with septic shock and < 48 hours of ICU stay, who did not require advanced respiratory support and were alive at hospital discharge. Comparison group consisted of septic shock patients with an ICU stay of >48 hours without advanced respiratory support at the time of ICU admission.

Results
Out of 1795 MICU admissions, 106 patients (6 %) met MIS approach criteria. Predictive variables (age > 65 years, oxygen flow >4 L/min, temperature < 37 °C, creatinine >1.6 mg/dL, lactate >3 mmol/L, white blood cells >15 x 109/L, heart rate > 100 beats/min, and respiration rate > 25 breaths/min) selected through logistic regression were translated into an 8-point score. Model discrimination yielded ROC: AUC of 79 % and was well fitted (Hosmer-Lemeshow p = 0.94) and calibrated. MIS score cut-off of 3 resulted in a model OR of 0.15 (95% CI: 0.08 – 0.28) and a negative predictive value of 91% (95% CI: 88.69- 92.92).

Conclusion
This study identifies a subset of low-risk septic shock patients that can potentially be managed outside the ICU. Once validated in an independent, prospective sample our prediction model can be used to identify candidates for MIS approach.
Changes in the urine proteome after massage in healthy people
Authors: Yijin Bao , Xuanzhen Pan , Youhe Gao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the effect of massage on the urine proteome of healthy people. In this study, participants underwent 1-hour whole body massage. Urine samples were collected at 0, 2, and 24h after the massage and urine proteins were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Compared with the control (before massage), 41 differential proteins were identified in the group 2h after the massage, the random mean number of differentially produced proteins was 11 with 73% confidence, and the biological process of protein enrichment was catecholamine biosynthesis, which was related to the promotion of metabolism and the regulation of neural activities. While 29 differential proteins were identified in the group 24h after the massage, the random average number of differential proteins produced was 10, with the confidence of the difference decreased to 65%, and the effective biological process could not be enriched at this time. The results suggested that the difference in urine protein was greater at 2h after the massage and gradually decreased at 24h after the massage. The proteome of urine may reflect changes in the body following minor massage stimuli, providing a potential way to evaluate the effects of massage therapy.
SARS-CoV-2 post-vaccine surveillance studies in Australian children and adults with cancer: SerOzNET Statistical Analysis Plan
Authors: Body Amy , Martin Catherine , Busija Lucy , Lal Luxi , Ahern Elizabeth , MacIntyre Raina C , Segelov Eva 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCOVID-19 disease is associated with higher morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Our study aimed to characterize the optimal strategy to improve vaccine induced protection against COVID-19 in children and adolescents with cancer. Results from The SerOzNET study will contribute comprehensive data on serology, cellular immune correlates from functional T-cell assays, quality of life data, and associated toxicity in relation to COVID-19 vaccination in children and adults with cancer.In this plan, we describe the statistics that will be used to report results of the SerOzNET study. SerOzNET examines COVID-19 vaccine response in children and adolescents with cancer.We have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Disease modeling and pharmacological rescue of autosomal dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa associated withRHOcopy number variation
Authors: Kandoi Sangeetha , Martinez Cassandra , Chen Kevin Xu , Reddy L Vinod K. , Mehine Miika , Mansfield Brian C. , Duncan Jacque L. , Lamba Deepak A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRetinitis pigmentosa (RP), a heterogenous group of inherited retinal disorder causes slow progressive vision loss with no effective treatments available. Mutations in the rhodopsin gene (RHO), account for ∼25% cases of autosomal dominant RP (adRP). In this study, we describe the disease characteristics of the first ever reported mono-allelic copy number variation (CNV) inRHOas a novel cause of adRP. We (1) show advanced retinal degeneration in a male patient (60-70 year old) harboring four transcriptionally active intact copies of rhodopsin, (2) recapitulated the clinical phenotypes using retinal organoids, and (3) assessed the utilization of a small molecule, Photoregulin3 (PR3), as a clinically viable strategy to target and modify disease progression in RP patients associated withRHO-CNV. Patient retinal organoids showed photoreceptors dysgenesis, with rod photoreceptors displaying stunted outer segments with occasional elongated cilia-like projections (microscopy); increasedRHOmRNA expression (qRT-PCR and bulk RNA-sequencing); and elevated levels and mislocalization of rhodopsin protein (RHO) within the cell body of rod photoreceptors (western blotting and immunohistochemistry) over the extended (300-days) culture time period when compared against control organoids. Lastly, we utilized PR3 to targetNR2E3, an upstream regulator ofRHO, to alterRHOexpression and observed a partial rescue of RHO protein localization from the cell body to the inner/outer segments of rod photoreceptors in patient organoids. These results provide a proof-of-principle for personalized medicine and suggest thatRHOexpression requires precise control. Taken together, this study supports the clinical data indicating that adRP due toRHO-CNV develops due protein overexpression overloading the photoreceptor post-translational modification machinery.
Synapse-specific trapping of Syntaxin1a into nanoclusters by the general anesthetic isoflurane
Authors: Hines Adam D. , Anggono Victor , Bademosi Adekunle T. , van Swinderen Bruno 
Published: March 2023

SummaryGeneral anesthetics disrupt brain network dynamics through multiple pathways, predominately through post-synaptic potentiation of GABAAR and pre-synaptic inhibition of neuroexocytosis. Common clinical general anesthetic drugs, such as propofol and isoflurane, have been shown to interact and interfere with a core component of the exocytic release machinery, Syntaxin1A, to cause impaired neurotransmitter release. Recent in vitro studies however suggest that these drugs to not affect all synapse subtypes equally. We investigated the role of Syntaxin1A in multiple neurotransmitter systems under isoflurane general anesthesia in the adultDrosophilabrain using live-cell super resolution microscopy and optogenetic readouts of exocytosis. We found that effects of isoflurane anesthesia were neuron specific and only impaired Syntaxin1A activity in excitatory neurons at cholinergic synapses, but not inhibitory GABAergic or glutamatergic neurons. These results indicate that general anesthetics could work by producing successive bouts of inhibition across the brain, by reducing neuroexocytosis from excitatory neurons specifically as well as silencing arousal systems through GABAAR potentiation.
A dynamic bactofilin cytoskeleton cooperates with an M23 endopeptidase to control bacterial morphogenesis
Authors: Pöhl Sebastian , Osorio-Valeriano Manuel , Cserti Emöke , Harberding Jannik , Hernández-Tamayo Rogelio , Biboy Jacob , Sobetzko Patrick , Vollmer Waldemar , Graumann Peter L. , Thanbichler Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBactofilins have emerged as a widespread family of cytoskeletal proteins with important roles in bacterial morphogenesis, but their precise mode of action is still incompletely understood. In this study, we identify the bactofilin cytoskeleton as a key regulator of cell growth in the stalked budding alphaproteobacteriumHyphomonas neptunium. We show that, in this species, bactofilin polymers localize dynamically to the stalk base and the bud neck, with their absence leading to unconstrained growth of the stalk and bud compartments, indicating a central role in the spatial regulation of cell wall biosynthesis. Database searches reveal that in a range of different species bactofilin genes are clustered with genes for cell wall hydrolases of the M23 peptidase family, suggesting a functional connection between these two types of proteins. In support of this notion, we find that theH. neptuniumM23 peptidase homolog LmdC interacts directly with bactofilinin vitroand is required for proper cell shapein vivo. Complementary studies in the spiral-shaped alphaproteobacteriumRhodospirillum rubrumagain reveal a close association of its bactofilin and LmdC homologs, which co-localize at the inner curve of the cell, modulating the degree of cell curvature. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that bactofilins and M23 peptidases form a conserved functional module that promotes local changes in the mode of cell wall biosynthesis, thereby driving cell shape determination in morphologically complex bacteria.
Global transcriptional analysis ofGeobacter sulfurreducens gsu1771mutant biofilm grown on two different support structures
Authors: Jaramillo-Rodríguez Juan B. , Vega-Alvarado Leticia , Rodríguez-Torres Luis M. , Huerta-Miranda Guillermo A. , Hernández-Eligio Alberto , Juarez Katy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectroactive biofilms formation by the metal-reducing bacteriumGeobacter sulfurreducensis a crucial for bioelectricity generation and bioremediation. The transcriptional regulator GSU1771 controls the expression of essential genes involved in electron transfer and biofilm formation inG. sulfurreducens, with GSU1771-deficient producing thicker and more electroactive biofilms. Here, RNA-seq analyses were conducted to compare the global gene expression patterns of wild-type and Δgsu1771mutant biofilms grown on non-conductive (glass) and conductive (graphite electrode) materials. The Δgsu1771biofilm grown on the glass surface exhibited 467 differentially expressed (DE) genes (167 upregulated and 300 downregulated) versus the wild-type biofilm. In contrast, the Δgsu1771biofilm grown on the graphite electrode exhibited 119 DE genes (79 upregulated and 40 downregulated) versus the wild-type biofilm. Among these DE genes, 67 were also differentially expressed in the Δgsu1771biofilm grown on glass (56 with the same regulation and 11 exhibiting counter-regulation). Among the upregulated genes in the Δgsu1771biofilms, we identified potential target genes involved in exopolysaccharide synthesis (gsu1961-63,gsu1959,gsu1972-73,gsu1976-77). RT-qPCR analyses were then conducted to confirm the differential expression of a selection of genes of interest. DNA-protein binding assays demonstrated the direct binding of the GSU1771 regulator to the promoter region ofpgcA,pulF,relA, andgsu3356. Furthermore, heme-staining and western blotting revealed an increase inc-type cytochromes including OmcS and OmcZ in Δgsu1771biofilms. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that GSU1771 is a global regulator that controls extracellular electron transfer and exopolysaccharide synthesis inG. sulfurreducens, which is crucial for electroconductive biofilm development.ImportanceBiofilm formation is a multi-stage process that is finely coordinated by signal transduction and complex gene regulation mechanisms. Given the importance of biofilms and their biotechnological applications, understanding these processes inG. sulfurreducensis of great significance. Here, we studied the transcriptional profile of the Δgsu1771strain biofilms formed on two different supporting materials: (1) glass, a non-conductive surface and (2) a graphite electrode-based microbial fuel cell (MFC), which enabled us to assess the transcriptional responses of this strain during current production. By analyzing these two conditions, our study elucidated genes of interest that could be essential for biofilm production and extracellular electron transfer (EET) and provides new insights into the mechanisms that control these complex processes inG. sulfurreducens.
Regression calibration of self-reported mobile phone use to optimize quantitative risk estimation in the COSMOS study
Authors: Reedijk Marije , Portengen Lützen , Auvinen Anssi , Kojo Katja , Heinävaara Sirpa , Feychting Maria , Tettamanti Giorgio , Hillert Lena , Elliott Paul , Toledano Mireille B , Smith Rachel B , Heller Joël , Schüz Joachim , Deltour Isabelle , Poulsen Aslak Harbo , Johansen Christoffer , Verheij Robert , Peeters Petra , Rookus Matti , Traini Eugenio , Huss Anke , Kromhout Hans , Vermeulen Roel ,   COSMOS Study Group
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Cohort Study of Mobile Phone Use and Health (COSMOS) study has repeatedly collected both self-reported and operator-recorded data on mobile phone use. Assessing health effects using self-reported information only is prone to measurement error, but operator data were available prospectively for only part of the study population and did not cover past mobile phone use. To optimize the available data and reduce bias, we evaluated different statistical approaches for constructing mobile phone exposure histories within COSMOS. We evaluated and compared the performance of complete case-analysis, different regression calibration methods, and multiple imputation in a simulation study with a binary health outcome. We used self-reported and operator-recorded mobile phone call data collected at baseline (2007-2012) from participants in Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the UK. Parameter estimates obtained using regression calibration methods were associated with less bias and lower mean squared error than those obtained with complete-case analysis or multiple-imputation. Our simulation study showed that regression calibration methods resulted in more accurate estimation of the relation between mobile phone use and health outcomes, by combining self-reported data with objective operator- recorded data available for a subset of the participants.
COVID-19 or seasonal influenza? How to distinguish in people younger than 65 years old — — A retrospective observational cohort study comparing the 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 with 2022 SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 outbreaks in China
Authors: Zhong Wen , Wu Yisong , Yue Wenxiang , Fang Jiabin , Xie Baosong , Xu Nengluan , lin Ming , Zhu Xiongpeng , Su Zhijun , Chen Yusheng , Li Hong , Li Hongru 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThis study attempted to explore the difference of clinical characteristics in H1N1 influenza infection and SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection in people younger than 65 years old, in order to better identify the two diseases.MethodsA total of 127 H1N1 influenza patients diagnosed from May 2009 to July 2009 and 3265 patients diagnosed and identified as SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 variant from March 2022 to May 2022 were admitted in this study. Through the 1 : 2 match based on age (The difference is less than 2 years), gender and underlying diseases, 115 patients with H1N1 infection and 230 patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 infection(referred to as H1N1 group and Omicron group) were included in the statistics. The clinical manifestations of H1N1 group were compared with those of Omicron group. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the possible independent risk factors of H1N1 group and Omicron group. And multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors for time for nucleic acid negativization (NAN).ResultsThe median age of the two groups was 21 [11,26] years. Compared with the H1N1 group, the Omicron group had lower white blood cell count and CRP levels, less fever, nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, sputum and headache, while more olfactory loss, muscle soreness and LDH abnormalities. The Omicron group used less antibiotics and antiviral drugs, and the NAN time was longer (17 [14,20] VS 4 [3,5], P < 0.001). After logistic regression, it was found that fever, cough, headache, and increased white blood cell count were more correlated with the H1N1 group, while muscle soreness and LDH abnormalities were more correlated with the Omicron group. After analyzing the factors of NAN time, it was found that fever (B 1.529, 95 % CI [0.149,2.909], P = 0.030) significantly predicted longer NAN time in Omicron patients.ConclusionThis study comprehensively evaluated the similarities and differences in clinical characteristics between SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection and 2009 H1N1 influenza infection, which is of great significance for a better understanding for these diseases.
The Bacterial Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in Respiratory Tract Samples from ART-Experienced HIV-Positive Adults in Uganda
Authors: Gloria Lubega , Andrew Abaasa , Ochola Willyfred , Kikaire Bernard , Lutaakome Joseph , Rugazira Eugene , Mayanja Yunia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionMicrobial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are responsible for approximately 70% of illnesses among PLWH. Drug resistant bacteria are highly prevalent among PLWH and this is a public health concern.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of data collected during the COSTOP trial between 2011 and 2013. Sputum collected on spot from participants presenting with a productive cough was examined using Gram, Ziehl-Neelsen stains and cultured on suitable bacteriological media. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was done on isolated pathogens, by disc diffusion technique.ResultsWe included 687 participants with mean age 41.3 (SD 8.2) years of whom 76.4% were female. Two hundred one sputum samples grew bacteria;Moraxella species(27.4%),Streptococcus pneumoniae(25.4%),Haemophilus influenza(22.4%),Mycobacterium species(4.5%),Pseudomonas species(4.0%),Staphylococcus aureus(4.0%),Escherichia coli(1.0%),Klebsiella species(1.0%), other bacteria (10.4%). A higher monthly income greater than or equal to 30$ (aOR= 0.63, 95%CI: 0.40-0.99) and longer duration since HIV diagnosis (aOR= 1.06, 95%CI: 1.0-1.11) were found to be independently associated with a positive bacterial culture. Moraxellasp, H.influenzaand Pseudomonas had zero sensitivity towards cotrimoxazole. Sensitivity to erythromycin was low among Moraxellasp(28.6%), H.influenza(31.6%) and S.aureus(42.9%) and other bacteria (42.9%). Most isolates were sensitive to Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid and ceftriaxone.ConclusionThere is a very low sensitivity of isolated bacteria to commonly prescribed antibiotics that are more available through the national supply chain, which is of public health concern. Urgent steps to tackle the high antimicrobial resistance among PLWH is required.
Functional brain changes after pharmacological interventions in post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review of clinical trials
Authors: Lotfinia Shahab , Afshar Amin , Yaseri Aram , Olff Miranda , Quidé Yann 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex and heterogeneous mental health condition that can develop after exposure to a traumatic event. Clinical trials have used new pharmacological agents to treat PTSD, but their associated neural correlates remain unclear. The present systematic review aims to summarise the changes in brain function associated with the use these pharmacological agents in PTSD.MethodsClinical trials using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), either at rest or during the performance of tasks, were included if they compared the effects of pharmacological agents in patients with PTSD to either trauma-exposed controls or never exposed to trauma healthy controls.ResultsTwelve studies were included, of which eight used intranasal oxytocin, two used hydrocortisone, and one used Tolcapone. Oxytocin administration was associated with normalisation of functional connectivity between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and amygdala, as well as enhanced the function of brain regions specifically involved in emotion processing (e.g., amygdala), working memory (e.g., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex), reward (putamen). Hydrocortisone did not influence brain function at rest or during the performance of an autobiographical memory task, while tolcapone was associated with increased function in frontal, parietal and striatal regions during the performance of an emotional working memory task.ConclusionsThis systematic review identified preliminary evidence for normalizing brain function after use of alternative pharmacological agents to first-line pharmacological treatments.
Bounds on the Ultrasensitivity of Biochemical Reaction Cascades
Authors: Pajoh-Casco Marcello , Vinujudson Abishek , Enciso German 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe ultrasensitivity of a dose response function can be quantifiably defined using the generalized Hill coefficient of the function. Our group examined an upper bound for the Hill coefficient of the composition of two functions, namely the product of their individual Hill coefficients. We proved that this upper bound holds for compositions of Hill functions, and that there are instances of counterexamples that exist for more general sigmoidal functions. Additionally, we tested computationally other types of sigmoidal functions, such as the logistic and inverse trigonometric functions, and we provided evidence that in these cases the inequality also holds. We show that in large generality there is a limit to how ultrasensitive the composition of two functions can be, which has applications to understanding signaling cascades in biochemical reactions.