bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing crop rotational diversity can enhance cereal yields
Authors: Smith Monique E. , Vico Giulia , Costa Alessio , Bowles Timothy , Gaudin Amélie C. M. , Hallin Sara , Watson Christine A. , Alarcòn Remedios , Berti Antonio , Blecharczyk Andrzej , Calderon Francisco J. , Culman Steve , Deen William , Drury Craig F. , Garcia Axel Garcia y. , García-Díaz Andrés , Plaza Eva Hernández , Jonczyk Krzysztof , Jäck Ortrud , Lehman R. Michael , Montemurro Francesco , Morari Francesco , Onofri Andrea , Osborne Shannon L. , Pasamón José Luis Tenorio , Sandström Boël , Santín-Montanyá Inés , Sawinska Zuzanna , Schmer Marty R. , Stalenga Jaroslaw , Strock Jeffrey , Tei Francesco , Topp Cairistiona F. E. , Ventrella Domenico , Walker Robin L. , Bommarco Riccardo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDiversifying agriculture by rotating a greater number of crop species in sequence is a promising practice to reduce negative impacts of crop production on the environment and maintain yields. However, it is unclear to what extent cereal yields change with crop rotation diversity and external nitrogen fertilization level over time, and which functional groups of crops provide the most yield benefit. Here, using grain yield data of small grain cereals and maize from 32 long-term (10–63 years) experiments across Europe and North America, we show that crop rotational diversity, measured as crop species diversity and functional richness, enhanced grain yields. This yield benefit increased over time. Only the yields of winter-sown small grain cereals showed a decline at the highest level of species diversity. Diversification was beneficial to all cereals with a low external nitrogen input, particularly maize, enabling a lower dependence on nitrogen fertilisers and ultimately reducing greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen pollution. The results suggest that increasing crop functional richness rather than species diversity can be a strategy for supporting grain yields across many environments.
State-dependence of Cenozoic thermal extremes
Authors: Cael B. B. , Goodwin Philip 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOxygen isotopes in sediments reflect Earth’s past temperature, revealing a cooling over the Cenozoic punctuated by multimillenial thermal extreme events. The magnitude of these extremes and their dependency on baseline climate state is not clearly understood. Here we use global records of deep sea foraminiferal δ18O as a proxy for atmospheric temperature over the Cenezoic and investigate how closely the generalised extreme value distribution matches δ18O block maxima. We find that the distribution of these extremes is captured well by the generalized extreme value distribution. In addition, the distribution of extremes’ shape changes with baseline temperature such that large thermal extremes are more likely in warmer climates. We therefore suggest that anthropogenic warming has the potential to return the baseline climate state to one where large thermal extremes are more likely.
Full-scale scaffold model of the human hippocampus CA1 area
Authors: Gandolfi Daniela , Mapelli Jonathan , Solinas Sergio M. G. , Triebkorn Paul , D’Angelo Egidio , Jirsa Viktor , Migliore Michele 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe increasing availability of quantitative data on the human brain is opening new avenues to study neural function and dysfunction, thus bringing us closer and closer to the implementation of digital twin applications for personalized medicine. Here we provide a resource to the neuroscience community: a computational method to generate full-scale scaffold model of human brain regions starting from microscopy images. We have benchmarked the method to reconstruct the CA1 region of a right human hippocampus, which accounts for about half of the entire right hippocampal formation. Together with 3D soma positioning we provide a connectivity matrix generated using a morpho-anatomical connection strategy based on axonal and dendritic probability density functions accounting for morphological properties of hippocampal neurons. The data and algorithms are supplied in a ready-to-use format, suited to implement computational models at different scales and detail.
Expedited synthesis of α-amino acids by single-step enantioselective α-amination of carboxylic acids
Authors: Ye Chen-Xi , Dansby Drew R. , Chen Shuming , Meggers Eric 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe conversion of C‒H bonds to C‒N bonds offers a sustainable and economical strategy for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds. However, challenges regarding the control of regio- and stereoselectivity currently limit the broad applicability of intermolecular C(sp3)‒H amination reactions. We address these restrictions by directed nitrene-mediated C‒H insertion using a metal-coordinating functional group. We report a highly stereocontrolled, iron-catalysed direct α-amination of abundant carboxylic acid feedstock molecules. The method provides in a single step high-value N-Boc-protected α-monosubstituted and α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids, which can then be immediately used for applications including solution- and solid-phase peptide synthesis. This method fulfils important aspects of sustainability by being highly step efficient and utilizing non-toxic, Earth-abundant iron as the catalytic metal.
A Comparison of Voice Therapy Attendance Rates Between In-Person and Telepractice
Authors: Cutchin Grace M. , Shelly Sandeep , Petty Brian , van Leer Eva , Tripp Raquel M. , Klein Adam M. , Gillespie Amanda I. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
This study sought to investigate whether a significant difference exists in attendance, cancellations, and no-shows between in-person therapy and telepractice. The authors hypothesized that telepractice no-show and cancellation rates would be less than in-person no-show and cancellation rates.

Method:
This retrospective study manually reviewed and analyzed attendance, no-show, and cancellation data over a 3-month span of in-person–only visits (September 2019–November 2019) and a 3-month span of telepractice visits (September 2020–November 2020) conducted at the Emory Voice Center, a tertiary care practice in urban Atlanta, Georgia. Additionally, data were collected for each patient's full course of therapy outside of the 3-month windows and analyzed for attendance, no-show, and cancellation patterns.

Results:
Data from 521 patients were available for review from the selected time frame. In 2019 (in-person), 157 patients met inclusion criteria, and in 2020 (telepractice), 176 patients were included. Therapy initiation, therapy attendance, and no-show rates had significant increases in the telepractice year, and cancellations made greater than 24 hr before the appointments had a significant decrease in the telepractice year. Furthermore, the overall course of therapy showed significantly fewer missed appointments and more attended appointments in the telepractice year.

Conclusions:
Patients participating in voice therapy via telepractice are more likely to initiate treatment and attend treatment and less likely to cancel sessions compared with patients receiving treatment in person. These data combined with extant data on telepractice treatment efficacy indicate that telepractice should be considered standard of care and offered to all patients seeking treatment, as it removes many reported barriers to treatment.
Teaching Caregivers to Implement the Caregivers Optimizing Achievement of Children With Hearing Loss (COACH) Intervention
Authors: Ambrose Sophie E. , Appenzeller Margo , Kaiser Ann P. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
This study examined the effectiveness of Caregivers Optimizing Achievement of Children With Hearing Loss (COACH), an intervention in which parents were taught naturalistic interaction strategies that addressed the unique linguistic input needs of their young children with hearing loss.

Method:
A single-subject multiple-baseline across-behaviors design was used with four caregiver–child dyads to determine the effects of COACH training on caregivers' use of the COACH language facilitation strategies and on their children's language abilities.

Results:
A functional relation was demonstrated between teaching of strategies and caregivers' use of the strategies across three dyads with slower, consistent changes observed in a fourth dyad. Improvements in children's use of target-level language were observed for children in three dyads.

Conclusions:
Caregivers were able to implement COACH language facilitation strategies, although the pace of caregivers' learning differed across dyads. Caregivers reported high satisfaction with participating in the intervention. Future research using a randomized design and a longer intervention condition is needed for a more complete assessment of the effects of the intervention on children's language abilities.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22290082
Dynamic Systems Theory: A Primer for Pediatric Feeding Clinicians
Authors: Thompson Kelsey L. , McComish Cara , Thoyre Suzanne 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:Dynamic systems theory (DST) is a theoretical framework that has been applied to motor learning with key clinical implications. DST is increasingly used as a framework for pediatric feeding research but is lesser known to clinicians reading and implementing the research. Clinical translation of DST is therefore critical and has not yet been undertaken for children with pediatric feeding disorder at the stage of solid foods. The purpose of this tutorial is to provide clinicians with an overview of DST so that they can understand and use DST principles in their clinical practice for children with pediatric feeding disorders.Conclusions:This tutorial focuses on introducing clinicians working with pediatric feeding clients to DST. To establish a foundational understanding, a clear definition of DST is offered, and its key tenets are described. Pediatric feeding specific examples are offered for each tenet to increase comprehensibility. DST is then used to describe the general process of development as well as the development of feeding behaviors and skills. Finally, clinical applications of DST for assessment and treatment of pediatric feeding disorders are discussed. DST is growing in its use in pediatric feeding research and is extendable to clinical practice. This tutorial emphasizes the dynamic nature of feeding development; the importance of holistic, family-centered care; and the potential for changes in clinical practices to better support families from this theoretical lens.
Zero‐trust‐based security model against data breaches in the banking sector: A blockchain consensus algorithm
Authors: Chaudhry Umair B. , Hydros Aysha K. M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCyber security in the banking sector is of high importance nowadays. The rate of cyberattacks is spiking every year, and the implementation of strong cybersecurity models is required to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data. Since protecting a bank requires a wide range of security practices, this paper focuses on protecting the bank resources from malicious actors and securing the transactions using a blockchain consensus mechanism that uses a zero‐trust security approach among the participants in the transaction. In addition to the framework, an algorithm for blockchain‐based online transactions was designed to make use of practical implementation in the future. The ideas formulated during the research and literature review were integrated to design the framework and the algorithm. The proposed framework ensures that the security of the banking sector can be enhanced by adopting the zero‐trust concept and blockchain technology. The consensus algorithms used for the transaction make it immutable and decentralized. Zero‐trust principles adopted in the model ensure the confidentiality and integrity of the banking system.
Brain targeting based nanocarriers loaded with resveratrol in Alzheimer's disease: A review
Authors: Jalili Cyrus , Kiani Amir , Gholami Mohammadreza , Bahrehmand Fariborz , Fakhri Sajad , Kakehbaraei Somayeh , Kakebaraei Seyran 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the chief neurological difficulties in the aged population, identified through dementia, memory disturbance, and reduced cognitive abilities. β‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques aggregations, generation of reactive oxygen species, and mitochondrial dysfunction are among the major signs of AD. Regarding the urgent need for the development of novel treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, researchers have recently perused the function of natural phytobioactive combinations, such as resveratrol (RES), in vivo and in vitro (animal models of AD). Investigations have shown the neuroprotective action of RES. This compound can be encapsulated by several methods (e.g. polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), solid lipid nanoparticles, Micelles, and liposomes). This antioxidant compound, however, barely crosses the blood–brain barrier (BBB), thereby limiting its bioavailability and stability at the target sites in the brain. Thanks to nanotechnology, the efficiency of AD therapy can be improved by encapsulating the drugs in a NP with a controlled size (1–100 nm). This article addressed the use of RES, as a Phytobioactive compound, to decrease the oxidative stress. Encapsulation of this compound in the form of nanocarriers to treat neurological diseases to improve BBB crossing is also discussed.
Spatial multiplexing in near field MIMO channels with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
Authors: Bartoli Giulio , Abrardo Andrea , Decarli Nicolo , Dardari Davide , Di Renzo Marco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe consider a multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) channel in the presence of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). Specifically, our focus is on analysing the spatial multiplexing gains in line‐of‐sight and low‐scattering MIMO channels in the near field. We prove that the channel capacity is achieved by diagonalising the end‐to‐end transmitter‐RIS‐receiver channel, and applying the water‐filling power allocation to the ordered product of the singular values of the transmitter‐RIS and RIS‐receiver channels. The obtained capacity‐achieving solution requires an RIS with a non‐diagonal matrix of reflection coefficients. Under the assumption of nearly‐passive RIS, that is, no power amplification is needed at the RIS, the water‐filling power allocation is necessary only at the transmitter. We refer to this design of RIS as a linear, nearly‐passive, reconfigurable electromagnetic object (EMO). In addition, we introduce a closed‐form and low‐complexity design for RIS, whose matrix of reflection coefficients is diagonal with unit‐modulus entries. The reflection coefficients are given by the product of two focusing functions: one steering the RIS‐aided signal towards the mid‐point of the MIMO transmitter and one steering the RIS‐aided signal towards the mid‐point of the MIMO receiver. We prove that this solution is exact in line‐of‐sight channels under the paraxial setup. With the aid of extensive numerical simulations in line‐of‐sight (free‐space) channels, we show that the proposed approach offers performance (rate and degrees of freedom) close to that obtained by numerically solving non‐convex optimization problems at a high computational complexity. Also, we show that it provides performance close to that achieved by the EMO (non‐diagonal RIS) in most of the considered case studies.
The phase spiral in Gaia DR3
Authors: Antoja T. , Ramos P. , García-Conde B. , Bernet M. , Laporte C. F. P. , Katz D. 
Published: March 2023

Aims. We aim to study the phase spiral in the Milky Way (MW) disc with data from the third data release of Gaia (DR3) and use it as an inference tool to decipher the late-time evolution of the Galaxy.
Methods. We used an edge-detection algorithm to find the border of the phase spiral, allowing us to robustly quantify its shape at different positions and for different selections. We calculated the time of onset of the phase-mixing by determining the different turns of the phase spiral and using the vertical frequencies from commonly used models of the gravitational potential of the MW.
Results. We find that the phase spiral extends down to −1.2 kpc in height below the plane (about 3–5 scale heights of the thin disc) and beyond ±50 km s−1 in VZ. We see a secondary branch mostly at positive vertical velocities when coloured by azimuthal velocity and in the counts projection. We also find complex variations of the phase spirals with angular momentum and azimuth. All these findings are possible evidence of multiple perturbations (from different times or from different perturbers) and/or of the complexity of the phase-mixing process. We detect the phase spiral from 6 to 11 kpc from the Galactic centre and find signatures of vertical asymmetries 1–2 kpc beyond this range. We measure small but clear variations with azimuth. When we determine the phase mixing times from the phase spiral at different angular momenta and using the different spiral turns (at different Z), we obtain inconsistent times with systematic differences (times increasing with |LZ| and with |Z|). Our determinations are mostly in the range of [0.3–0.9] Gyr, with an average of 0.5 Gyr. The inconsistencies do not change when using different commonly used potential models for the MW, different stellar distances, or frequencies for different kinetic temperatures; they could stem from the inconsistency of the assumed gravitational potentials with the true MW, and from oversimplification of the modelling, in particular where self-gravity is neglected or where multiple perturbations and/or interference with other processes are not considered.
Conclusions. The wealth of information provided by the new Gaia DR3 data should encourage us to make progress in crucial modelling aspects of the disc dynamics, such as non-equilibrium, self-gravity, propagation of different types of bending waves, and interactions between different mechanisms. Such advancements could finally enable us to establish the origin of the phase spiral and its relation to the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy.
Zunehmende Luftnot und wechselnde Gelenkbeschwerden
Authors: Lehnert Nikolas Malte , Behr Jürgen , Tufman Amanda , Briegel Ignaz , Dinkel Julien 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungBei rheumatologischen Erkrankungen soll immer die Möglichkeit einer Lungenmanifestation überprüft werden. Eine interstitielle Lungenerkrankung kann in diesen Fällen häufig letal enden. Im vorgestellten Fall ist der Zusammenhang der progredienten Dyspnoe und der neu aufgetretenen Hautirritationen als besonders wichtig zu sehen. Hier konnte durch eine rasche Therapie mit Immunsuppression und Plasmapherese ein gutes Ergebnis erzielt werden.
The Frequency of Atopic Diseases and Metabolic Conditions in Patients
with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Trial with a Review of
Literature
Authors: Yilmaz Ebru , Eren Orhan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction The immunological paradigm Th1/Th2 predicts a
negative association between autoimmune (Th1) and atopic (Th2) diseases. In
contrast to the Th1/Th2 paradigm, some of the latest evidence suggests
the probability of coexistence of autoimmune diseases with atopic disorders.
Therefore, this trial aims to investigate the frequency of atopic disorders and
metabolic conditions in patients with AS and compare them with those in control
groups.
Materials and methods A total of 563 AS patients (group 1) were matched in
a 1:1 ratio with patients suffering from chronic low back pain due to
intervertebral disc prolapse (group 2) utilizing gender and age as paired
variables. Atopic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis
(AR) and asthma were investigated in all groups. Also, metabolic conditions such
as hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidaemia (HPL) and
hypothyroidism (HPT) were examined in all groups.
Results The mean age was 42.86±11.04 years in both study groups.
In all groups, 47.1% were female and 52.9% were male. The mean
duration of disease was 10.51±8.93 years in the AS group. HLA-B27 was
positive in 70.2% of the patients in the AS group. The adjusted odds
ratios for patients with AS compared to controls were 1.47 (1.20–1.80)
for AD, 1.76 (1.60–1.95) for AR, and 1.79 (1.57–2.05) for
asthma. The adjusted odds ratios for patients with AS compared to controls were
1.09 (95% CI 0.87–1.38) for HT, 1.03 (95% CI
0.76–1.39) for DM, 1.22 (95% CI 0.80–1.87) for HPL, and
1.62 (95% CI 1.04–2.54) for HPT. There was a statistically
significant distinction between groups, and the frequency of AD, AR, asthma and
HPT was higher in patients with AS compared with the control group
(p<0.05).
Conclusion According to the findings of this study, which are compatible
with the literature, patients with AS have an increased frequency of atopic
diseases as well as hypothyroidism. The tissue injury resulting from chronic
inflammation in AS patients could be related to atopic disorders and
hypothyroidism. In other words, the pathogenic pathways causing chronic
inflammation in these diseases may interfere with each other.
Management of Through-and-Through Oromandibular Defects after Segmental Mandibulectomy with Fibula Osteocutaneous Flap
Authors: Mathews Saumya , Jaiswal Dushyant , Yadav Prabha , Shankhdhar Vinay Kant , Hadgaonkar Sumit , Mantri Mayur , Bindu Ameya , Pilania Vineet , Mohammad Arbab , Escandón Joseph M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Oromandibular defects involving the external skin are a reconstructive challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the use of the fibula osteocutaneous free flap (FOCFF) for through-and-through oromandibular defects by comparing the surgical outcomes and complications of different techniques to close the external skin defect.
Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted of patients who underwent reconstruction of through-and-through oromandibular defects after oncologic segmental mandibulectomy between January 2011 and December 2014. Five groups were analyzed according to the method of external skin coverage: primary closure, locoregional flaps, deepithelialized double-skin paddle FOCFF (deEpi-FOCFF), division of the skin paddle for double-skin paddle FOCFF (div-FOCFF), and a simultaneous second free flap. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes along with complications were analyzed between groups.
Results A total of 323 patients were included. The mean total defect area requiring a simultaneous second free flap was larger in comparison to other groups (p < 0.001). Reconstructions performed with div-FOCFF had a higher number of perforators per flap when compared with deEpi-FOCFF (p < 0.001). External defects closed with another free flap exhibited higher intraoperative time for the reconstructive segment in comparison to other groups (p < 0.05). The overall rate of complications was comparable between groups (24%, p = 0.129).
Conclusion The FFOCF is a reliable alternative to harvesting multiple simultaneous free flaps for through-and-through oromandibular defects. The authors recommend appropriate curation of the surgical plan based on individual patient characteristics and reconstructive requirements.