bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A high‐efficient imprecise discrete cosine transform block based on a novel full adder and Wallace multiplier for bioimages compression
Authors: Esmaeili Elham , Pesaran Farshad , Shiri Nabiollah 
Published: January 2023

SummarySophisticated systems take advantage of approximate circuits for energy management. A gate‐level structure is introduced to make a novel imprecise full adder (FA) cell by the gate diffusion input (GDI) strategy. The carbon nanotube field‐effect transistor (CNTFET) technology lowers the FA power, and the swing issue is resolved by the dynamic threshold (DT) technique. The FA specifications are 10 transistors, two internal nodes, 0.191‐μm2 area, three errors, and an error rate (ER) of 37.5%. Some inputs are directly passed to the final stage of the FA to reduce the delay and dynamic power. The FA is used in three 4:2 compressors with 12, 16, and 20 transistors, respectively. The compressors are based on the modified stacking concept to attain low power, small area, and high speed. The compressors are used up in the partial product reduction tree (PPRT) of a new 8‐bit inexact multiplier. Regarding the multiplier, the power–delay product (PDP) is decreased by 25.21%, and the normalized mean error distance (NMED) shows high accuracy. An imprecise discrete cosine transform (DCT) is implemented by the multiplier for image compression, and compared with the literature, the peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index metric (SSIM) are amended by 8.26% and 7.29%, respectively.
Study of nonlinear characteristics in hollow cathode discharge in unmagnetized plasmas
Authors: Paul Manash Kumar , Debnath Arpan , Kasturiya Akash A. K. , Bhattacharjee Sumi , Bose Subhojit 
Published: January 2023

AbstractParametric study and nonlinear dynamical analysis of the discharge parameter variations are presented here for a hollow cathode source in the glow discharge regime and later in the radio frequency (RF) discharge regime. A plasma source consisting of a semi‐transparent hollow cathode leads to the generation of nonthermal energetic charged particles and the formation of multiple potential regimes in the plasma column during both the glow discharge as well as the RF discharge regimes. The hollow cathode discharge obtained using this single plasma source exhibits significant mixed‐mode oscillations (MMOs) during the glow discharge regime. Various regular and irregular sequences of MMOs evolved during the progressive change of discharge voltage in the glow discharge regime. During the RF power application across the hollow cathode source, the charged particles oscillate and appear in bursts in the time series. The present study investigates energy distribution among the coherent modes of discharge through the application of the Empirical Mode Decomposition technique. Multiple coherent modes are identified during both discharge regimes that carry most of the discharge energy.
Bacterial exposure risk to the endoscopist's face while performing endoscopy
Authors: Hoshi Kentaro , Kikuchi Hidezumi , Narita Koji , Fukutoku Yukari , Asari Taka , Miyazawa Kuniaki , Murai Yasuhisa , Sawada Yohei , Tatsuta Tetsuya , Hasui Keisuke , Hiraga Hiroto , Chinda Daisuke , Mikami Tatsuya , Subsomwong Phawinee , Asano Krisana , Nakane Akio , Fukuda Shinsaku , Sakuraba Hirotake 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesGastrointestinal endoscopy increases the risk of bacterial exposure to endoscopists. However, before 2019, most endoscopists did not pay attention to microorganism transmission from patients. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of bacterial exposure to endoscopists’ faces during gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures using the bacterial culture method.MethodsThis was a single‐centered, retrospective study including endoscopists who performed various gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures at the Division of Endoscopy, Hirosaki University Hospital between August 31 and October 6, 2020. Endoscopists wore surgical masks and affixed pre‐sterilized films over them. Following the gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures, attached microbes were collected from the endoscopists’ surface films using sterilized swabs. Collected microorganisms were cultured on tryptic soy agar and 5% sheep blood agar, and the incidence of bacterial exposure was determined by bacterial culture positivity. Cultured bacteria were identified by gram staining and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.ResultsBacterial culture positivity was 12.6%, and it was significantly higher in therapeutic than in diagnostic endoscopy. Notably, therapeutic endoscopy increased bacterial culture positivity in colonoscopy, but not in esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Staphylococci, including Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus capitis, were the most commonly found bacteria in samples identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.ConclusionsThe risk of bacterial exposure to the endoscopist's face was increased in colonoscopy treatment procedures. Therefore, endoscopists should be aware of the significant risk of microbial infection from scattering fluid that comes from the endoscopy's working channel.
Pet cat personality linked to owner‐reported predation frequency
Authors: Cordonnier Marion , Perrot Amira , Ferry Nicolas , Bonnaud Elsa , Baudry Emmanuelle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe domestic cat,Felis catus, is one of the most popular and widespread domestic animals. Because domestic cats can reach high population densities and retain at least some tendency to hunt, their overall impact on wildlife can be severe. Domestic cats have highly variable predation rates depending on the availability of prey in their environment, their owners' practices, and individual cat characteristics. Among these characteristics, cat personality has recently been hypothesized to be an important factor contributing to variations in the hunting activity of cats. In this study, we surveyed 2508 cat owners living in France about their cats' personalities, using the Feline Five personality framework, and the frequency with which cats bring home prey. Personality traits were analyzed using factor analysis and related to predation frequency using cumulative logit models. For both birds and small mammals, cats with high levels of extraversion or low levels of neuroticism had significantly higher frequencies of prey return. Owners whose cats had low levels of agreeableness or high levels of dominance reported a significantly lower frequency of bird return. Personality differences therefore seem to contribute to the high variability in predation rates among domestic cats. We also found that the owner‐reported prey return frequencies were significantly higher for cats spending more time outdoors, for non‐pedigree cats, and for owners living in rural or suburban areas as opposed to urban areas. By contrast, we did not detect an effect of cat sex or age on their reported prey return rates.
Demography and space‐use of Eastern Red‐backed Salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) between mature and successional forests
Authors: Gade Meaghan R. , Gould Philip R. , Wilk Andrew J. , Donlon Kate C. , Brown MacKenzie L. , Behan Marnie L. , Roseman Marissa A. , Tutterow Annalee M. , Amber Evan D. , Wagner Ryan B. , Hoffman Andrew S. , Myers Jennifer M. , Peterman William E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSpace‐use and demographic processes are critical to the persistence of populations across space and time. Despite their importance, estimates of these processes are often derived from a limited number of populations spanning broad habitat or environmental gradients. With increasing appreciation of the role fine‐scale environmental variation in microgeographic adaptation, there is a need and value to assessing within‐site variation in space‐use and demographic patterns. In this study, we analyze 3 years of spatial capture–recapture data on the Eastern Red‐backed Salamander collected from a mixed‐use deciduous forest site in central Ohio, USA. Study plots were situated in both a mature forest stand and successional forest stand separated by <100‐m distance. Our results showed that salamander density was reduced on successional plots, which corresponded with greater distance between nearest neighbors, less overlap in core use areas, greater space‐use, and greater shifts in activity centers when compared to salamanders occupying the mature habitat. By contrast, individual growth rates of salamanders occupying the successional forest were significantly greater than salamanders in the mature forest. These estimates result in successional plot salamanders reaching maturity more than 1 year earlier than salamanders on the mature forest plots and increasing their estimated lifetime fecundity by as much as 43%. The patterns we observed in space‐use and individual growth are likely the result of density‐dependent processes, potentially reflecting differences in resource availability or quality. Our study highlights how fine‐scale, within‐site variation can shape population demographics. As research into the demographic and population consequences of climate change and habitat loss and alteration continue, future research should take care to acknowledge the role that fine‐scale variation may play, especially for abiotically sensitive organisms with limited vagility.
Automated and parallel microfluidic DNA extraction with integrated pneumatic microvalves/pumps and reusable open‐channel columns
Authors: Zhong Runtao , Wang Mengyu , Lin Bingcheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA novel microfluidic DNA extraction protocol based on integrated diaphragm microvalves/pumps and silica‐deposited open‐channel columns was developed specifically for automated and parallel DNA solid‐phase extraction (SPE). The method uses microfluidic chips with a sandwiched structure containing three layers, which are the upper fluidic layer with surface‐deposited silica on glass open channels as the extraction phase, the lower actuation layer with valve actuation channels on a glass wafer, and the middle poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) membrane for reversible bonding of the two glass substrates. These two glass substrates can be reused after thoroughly cleaning and the PDMS membrane can be replaced conveniently, which could effectively decrease the time and cost of chip manufacturing. The normally closed microvalves/pumps were used to automatically control all processes of the on‐chip DNA SPE without cross‐contamination and leakage, enabling the processing of multiple samples in parallel without changing the microvalve control module. Using the microchip device with integrated microvalves/pumps, automated, programmable, and simultaneous λ‐DNA extractions from different samples could be attained, even from complex solutions such as human blood, and the silica‐deposited open‐channel columns could be reused stably and reliably. Results have demonstrated that most of the eluted λ‐DNA was recovered in the second 2 µL of elution buffer with high‐purity suitable for successful polymerase chain reaction amplification, making it possible for further integration into microfluidic devices for fully functional and high‐throughput genetic analysis.
Assessing severity in anorexia nervosa: Do the DSM‐5 and an alternative severity rating based on overvaluation of weight and shape severity differ in psychological and biological correlates?
Authors: Dang An Binh , Kiropoulos Litza , Castle David J. , Jenkins Zoe , Phillipou Andrea , Rossell Susan L. , Krug Isabel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated the severity ratings for anorexia nervosa (AN) in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐5) and an alternative severity rating based on overvaluation of weight/shape, on a range of psychological and biological variables.MethodA sample of 312 treatment‐seeking patients with AN (mean age = 25.3, SD = 7.6; mean BMI = 16.8 kg/m2, SD = 2.4) were categorised using both DSM‐5 severity levels (mild/moderate/severe/extreme) and weight/shape (low/high) overvaluation. The severity categories were compared on a range of psychological (e.g., eating psychopathology) and biological (e.g., sodium) variables.ResultsResults showed that the overvaluation of weight/shape appeared better at indexing the level of severity in psychological variables among patients with AN compared to the DSM‐5 severity rating with moderate to large effect sizes. Moreover, the DSM‐5 mild and moderate severity groups experienced significantly higher eating and general psychopathology than the severe and extreme groups. Finally, neither the DSM‐5 nor the weight/shape severity groups differed on any of the biological variables.ConclusionsThis study provided no support for the DSM‐5 severity rating for AN, while initial support was found for the weight/shape overvaluation approach in indexing psychological but not biological correlates.
A novel VCP::TFE3 gene fusion resulting from t(X;9)(p11.23;p13.3) chromosome translocation in TFE3 rearranged renal cancer cell carcinoma
Authors: Kuentz Marie Auvray , Blons Hélène , Gimenez‐Roqueplo Anne Paule , Just Pierre‐Alexandre , Laurent‐Puig Pierre , Mejean Arnaud , Oudard Stéphane , Verkarre Virginie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) with rearrangement of transcription factor for immunoglobulin heavy‐chain enhancer 3 (TFE3; TFE3‐rearranged RCC) at Xp11.2 is a rare tumor entity but the most frequent among the microphthalmia transcription factor family translocation RCCs. Here, we report the identification of a new VCP::TFE3 fusion gene as the result of a t(X;9)(p11.23;p13.3) translocation identified by whole transcriptome sequencing. No other relevant molecular alteration was identified by whole exome sequencing. This case showed typical morphological features of TFE3‐rearranged RCC with positive TFE3 immunostaining and positive TFE3 break‐apart fluorescence in situ hybridization. MET was also overexpressed on immunohistochemistry. The patient had metastatic disease and was treated by surgery and five lines of therapy, including 24 months of stable disease on the mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET) inhibitor cabozantinib, with an overall survival of 7 years. In addition to expanding the spectrum of TFE3 rearrangement partners, this report highlights the complexity of these tumors and supports the development of translational programs in renal cancer.
Drug‐induced interstitial pneumonia after intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin administration for bladder cancer with scleroderma
Authors: Yoshioka Fumie , Kato Taigo , Shima Yoshihito , Hatano Koji , Kawashima Atsunari , Fukuhara Shinichiro , Imamura Ryoichi , Nonomura Norio 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionIntravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin administration is the standard therapy for high‐risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer and is usually well tolerated. However, some patients experience severe, potentially fatal, complications including interstitial pneumonitis.Case presentationA 72‐year‐old female with scleroderma was diagnosed with bladder carcinoma in situ. She developed severe interstitial pneumonitis with the first administration of intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin after the cessation of immunosuppressive agents. Six days after the first administration, she experienced dyspnea at rest, and computed tomography revealed scattered frosted shadows in the upper lung. The following day, she required intubation. We suspected drug‐induced interstitial pneumonia and started steroid pulse therapy for 3 days, resulting in a complete response. No exacerbation of scleroderma symptoms or recurrence of cancer was observed 9 months after Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin therapy.ConclusionFor patients receiving intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin therapy, close observation of the respiratory condition is necessary for early therapeutic intervention.
Factors mitigating the harmful effects of intimate partner violence on adolescents' depressive symptoms—A longitudinal birth cohort study
Authors: Gondek Dawid , Feder Gene , Howe Laura D. , Gilbert Ruth , Howarth Emma , Deighton Jessica , Lacey Rebecca E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPreventing parental intimate partner violence (IPV) or mitigating its negative effects early in the lifecourse is likely to improve population mental health. However, prevention of IPV is highly challenging and we know very little about how the mental health of children exposed to IPV can be improved. This study assessed the extent to which positive experiences were associated with depressive symptoms among children with and without experience of IPV.MethodThis study used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a population‐based birth cohort. After excluding those without information on depressive symptoms at age 18, the final sample comprised 4490 participants. Parental intimate partner violence (physical or emotional cruelty reported by mother or partner) when the cohort child was aged 2–9 years. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ) at age 18 years.ResultsEach additional report of parental intimate partner violence (over six reports) was associated with 0.047 (95% CI 0.027–0.066), or 4.7%, higher SMFQ score. Conversely, each additional positive experience (over 11 domains) was linked with −0.042 (95% CI −0.060 to −0.025) or 4.1%, lower SMFQ score. Among those with parental intimate partner violence (19.6% of participants), relationship with peers (effect size = 3.5%), school enjoyment (effect size = 1.2%), neighbourhood safety and cohesion (effect size = 1.8%) were associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms.ConclusionsMost positive experiences were linked with lower levels of depressive symptoms regardless of parental intimate partner violence exposure. However, among those with parental IPV, this association was found only for relationships with peers, school enjoyment, neighbourhood safety and cohesion on depressive symptoms. If our findings are assumed to be causal, nurturing these factors may mitigate the harmful effects of parental intimate partner violence on depressive symptoms in adolescence.
Quantum‐dot cellular automata based design for overflow detection in two's complement arithmetic operation
Authors: Das Jadav Chandra , Debnath Bikash , De Debashis 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article describes designing a low‐power novel circuit for overflow detection in two's complement arithmetic operations. The quantum‐dot cellular automata (QCA) is employed to achieve the nanoscale design. For designing the circuit of the proposed arithmetic overflow detector, a new layout of the QCA full adder is utilized. Two different designs of arithmetic overflow detectors are outlined in this article. The designs are compared based on latency, cell count, and device area. Based on the comparison, the best design for an arithmetic overflow detector is presented. The circuit cost for all the designs is also shown in this work. Besides, thermal power's effect on the output cell's polarization has also been investigated. The power dissipation of all proposed QCA layouts is estimated.
Red tilapia by‐product hydrolysates: A new nitrogen source for Bifidobacterium lactisHN019
Authors: Tong Lu , Jiang Dongwei , Chen Shengjun , Zhang Huijuan , Zhang Yan , Hong Hui , Luo Yongkang , Tan Yuqing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundRed tilapia by‐products possess ample protein and are either discarded or processed into low‐value products. The nitrogen source is the most expensive part of the microbial culture, so finding a cheap alternative can better promote the microbial economy. In this study, different combinations of enzymes were used to hydrolyze the by‐products of red tilapia, and its effects on the growth of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 were investigated.ResultsThe results showed that hydrolysate hydrolyzed by enzyme combination 4 (alcalase: neutrase: papain: flavorzyme = 1:1:2:1) (EC4) obtained the highest nitrogen recovery (53.63%) and >2000 Da peptide proportion (5.07%). Hydrolysate hydrolyzed by enzyme combination 2 (alcalase: neutrase: papain: flavorzyme = 2:1:1:1) (EC2) has less hydrophobic amino acids and could improve the growth rate in 10 h–14 h in 50% nitrogen source substitution but had worst viable count after 24 h cultivation.ConclusionThese results indicated that red tilapia by‐product hydrolysate was an excellent nitrogen source substitution and suggested that the hydrophobic amino acids in the nitrogen source might be an essential factor affecting the growth of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019. This research enhanced the economic value of red tilapia by‐products, minimized the waste of aquatic resources, and provided directions for the utilization of red tilapia by‐products.
A novel predictive model for postoperative delirium using multiple geriatric screening factors
Authors: Yajima Shugo , Nakanishi Yasukazu , Sugimoto Motokazu , Kobayashi Shin , Kudo Masashi , Yasujima Rikuto , Hirose Kohei , Sekiya Ken , Umino Yosuke , Okubo Naoya , Kataoka Madoka , Gotohda Naoto , Masuda Hitoshi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to develop a new composite score to accurately predict postoperative delirium (POD) after major urological cancer surgery.MethodsOur retrospective analysis included, in total, 449 consecutive patients who experienced major urological cancer surgery and a preoperative geriatric functional assessment at our institution (development cohort). Geriatric functional assessments included Geriatric 8, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, and mini‐cognitive assessment instrument (Mini‐Cog). Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors related to POD and combined to create a predictive score. The composite score was externally validated using a cohort of 92 consecutive pancreatic cancer patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy and a preoperative geriatric functional assessment (validation cohort). The predictive accuracy and performance of the composite score were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) and calibration plots.ResultsIn multivariate analysis of a development cohort, the following factors were significantly associated with POD: a Mini‐Cog score of <3 (odds ratio [OR] = 9.5; p < 0.001), disability in the responsibility for medication (OR = 4.1; p = 0.03), and the preoperative use of benzodiazepine (OR = 6.4; p < 0.001). The composite score of these three factors showed excellent discrimination in predicting POD, with AUC values of 0.819 and 0.804 in development and validation cohorts, respectively. Calibration plots showing predicted probability and actual observation in both cohorts showed good agreement.ConclusionsA combined model of Mini‐Cog, a disability in the responsibility for medication, and preoperative benzodiazepine use showed excellent discriminative power in predicting POD.