bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between mean arterial pressure and sublingual microcirculation during major non‐cardiac surgery: Post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort
Authors: Laou Eleni , Papagiannakis Nikolaos , Michou Anastasia , Ntalarizou Nicoleta , Ragias Dimitrios , Angelopoulou Zacharoula , Sessler Daniel I. , Chalkias Athanasios 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that there is an association between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and sublingual perfusion during major surgery, and perhaps an identifiable harm threshold.MethodsThis post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort included patients who had elective major non‐cardiac surgery with a duration of ≥2 h under general anesthesia. We assessed sublingual microcirculation every 30 min using SDF+ imaging and determined the De Backer score, Consensus Proportion of Perfused Vessels (Consensus PPV), and the Consensus PPV (small). Our primary outcome was the relationship between MAP and sublingual perfusion which was evaluated with linear mixed effects modeling.ResultsA total of 100 patients were included, with MAP ranging between 65 mmHg and 120 mmHg during anesthesia and surgery. Over a range of intraoperative MAPs between 65 and 120 mmHg, there were no meaningful associations between blood pressure and various measures of sublingual perfusion. There were also no meaningful changes in microcirculatory flow over 4.5 h of surgery.ConclusionsIn patients having elective major non‐cardiac surgery with general anesthesia, sublingual microcirculation is well maintained when MAP ranges between 65 and 120 mmHg. It remains possible that sublingual perfusion will be a useful marker of tissue perfusion when MAP is lower than 65 mmHg.
A theoretically based STEM talent development program that bridges excellence gaps
Authors: Assouline Susan G. , Mahatmya Duhita , Ihrig Lori M. , Lynch Stephanie , Karakis Nesibe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe pipeline of highly trained STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) professionals has narrowed in recent decades, forcing society to re‐examine how schools are discovering and developing STEM talent. Of particular concern is the finding that rural students attend post‐secondary schools at lower rates than their urban counterparts, and when they do attend, they are less likely to graduate from STEM programs. One reason may be that they are not prepared for advanced STEM coursework because they lack access to essential STEM talent‐development programs in middle or high school. This creates excellence gaps, which exacerbate the narrowing STEM pipeline to the workforce. To address this, we formed a university–school partnership to develop an outside‐of‐school STEM talent development program, called STEM Excellence, for rural middle‐school students who attend under‐resourced schools. The aim of STEM Excellence was to increase students’ achievement and aspirations while empowering their teachers to develop local STEM programs grounded in developmental psychology theories. STEM Excellence integrated the Talent Development Megamodel Principles
of ability, domains of talent, opportunity, and psychosocial variables. STEM Excellence also recognized the interplay of multiple person–environment systems as presented in the Bioecological Systems Model.
Skeletal and dental effects of serial extractions performed with or without maxillary expansion—A retrospective controlled study
Authors: Quinzi Vincenzo , Salvati Simone Ettore , Lerda Fabrizio , Compri Matilde , Rosa Marco , Primozic Jasmina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe study aimed to compare severe crowding treatment's skeletal and dental effects by serial extractions or maxillary expansion and serial extractions in the mixed dentition phase.Setting and Sample PopulationThe retrospective controlled study included lateral cephalograms of 78 subjects aged 8.5 ± 1.4 years, 52 consecutively treated because of severe crowding, and 26 untreated controls matched for baseline age and observational period.MethodsSubjects were clustered according to the treatment modality, either serial extraction (EX) or expansion and extraction (EXP‐EX) group. Sagittal and vertical skeletal as well as dental cephalometric parameters were assessed at baseline and after the eruption of all permanent posterior teeth, and group comparisons were performed.ResultsBoth treatment modalities significantly affected the vertical skeletal parameters in terms of decreasing the mandibular and occlusal plane inclination and increasing the facial height index. A distinct treatment effect on the gonial angle was observed, with a significant decrease in its superior part observed in both extraction groups. The annualized changes in the superior part of the gonial angle significantly differ (P = .036) between the Control (−0.04 ± 0.6), EX (−0.44 ± 0.6) and EXP‐EX (−0.34 ± 0.5) groups. Upper and lower incisor inclination did not change significantly in any of the groups; however, the interincisal angle at follow‐up was significantly smaller in the Control compared with both treated groups.ConclusionsSerial extractions and a combination of maxillary expansion and serial extractions have similar significant skeletal effects, mainly affecting vertical cephalometric parameters if performed during the pre‐pubertal growth phase.
Arthroscopic Autologous Coracoacromial Ligament Augment Technique for Particle Thickness of Rotator Cuff with at Least Two Years Follow‐Up
Authors: Zhang Yuanhao , Zhou Min , Hou Jingyi , Zhang Jinming , Zhou Chuanhai , Long Yi , Ke Meng , Tang Yiyong , Yang Rui 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivePatch technology has been the new technique in the treatment of partial thickness of the rotator cuff tear (PTRCTs) to address the limitation of traditional techniques. Compared with allogeneic patches and artificial materials, coracoacromial ligament is obviously closer to their own biology. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the functional and radiographic outcomes following arthroscopic autologous coracoacromial ligament augment technique for treatment of PTRCTs.MethodThis study included three female patients with PTRCTs who underwent arthroscopy operation in 2017 with an average age of 51 years (range from 50 to 52 years). The coracoacromial ligament implant was attached to the bursal side surface of the tendon. The clinical results were evaluated by American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Simple Shoulder Test (SST), acromiohumeral distance (AHD) and muscle strength before and 12 months after operation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed 24 months after operation to assess the integrity of the anatomical structure of the original tear site.ResultThe average ASES score improved significantly from 57.3 preoperatively to 95.0 at 1‐year follow‐up. The strength improved significantly from grade 3 preoperatively to grade 5 at 1 year. Two of three patients underwent the MRI at 2‐year follow‐up. Radiographic released the complete healing of rotator cuff tear. No implant‐related serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionThe new technique of using autogenous coracoacromial ligament patch augment provides good clinical results on patients with PTRCTs.
Emotions in ancient Egypt—An overview
Authors: Eicke Sven 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of the article is to present essential aspects of five emotions (joy,fear,love,sadness,anger) on the basis of written sources from ancient Egypt. Through selective analyses of the Egyptian emotion vocabulary, including metaphors and descriptions of physical states and reactions, some elementary concepts will be explained. In addition, it is a concern to point out some of the difficulties that can be associated with the investigation of emotions in ancient Egyptian texts. Therefore, brief references are given to current Egyptological studies that have been devoted to the topic adopting new methods.
Risk communication in multistakeholder engagement: A novel spatial econometric model
Authors: Liu Shun Jia , Li Jianping , Wu Dengsheng , Zhu Xiaoqian , Xu Xin Long 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExisting studies on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) neglect the inverse effect of pollution transfer from environmental regulation interactions on pollution reduction from a risk analysis perspective. Based on the regional differentiated attitudes on the environmental regulation reached in risk communication by the risk awareness biases of multiple interest groups, this article clarifies the causality between risk communication and risk transfer based on multistakeholder engagement processes; furthermore, the article incorporates the simultaneous action of the technological innovation effect and pollution risk transfer effect to construct a spatial environmental hyperbolic model with a bidirectional correlation between pollution emissions and economic growth in different regions. To verify our model, we select the pollution from agricultural watersheds in China as a sample to examine the two inverse effects. The results demonstrate that (1) agricultural watershed pollution and economic growth show an inverted U‐shaped relation and a U‐shaped relation in the local region and adjacent regions, respectively; (2) the pollution reduction assessment of the classical EKC model can be largely attributed to pollution risk transfer behavior; and (3) the turning point of the U‐shaped curve appears earlier than that of the inverted U‐shaped curve in the spatial hyperbola model. The findings suggest that stakeholders should consider the risk awareness bias caused by the imbalance of regional economic development and the scenarios that provide a “haven” for pollution risk transfer. Moreover, our study expands the theoretical connotation of the classical EKC hypothesis and is more suitable for pollution reduction scenarios in developing countries.
Facilitating the application of systems‐theoretic process analysis in healthcare: Creating control structures using process maps
Authors: Wong Lawrence , Pawlicki Todd 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSystems‐theoretic process analysis (STPA) is a prospective safety assessment tool increasingly applied in healthcare. A problem hampering STPA proliferation is the difficulty of modeling systems for analysis by creating control structures. In this work, a method is proposed to use existing process maps—commonly available in healthcare—when creating a control structure. The proposed method entails (1) extract information from the process map, (2) determine the modeling boundary of the control structure, (3) transfer the extracted information to the control structure, (4) add additional information to complete the control structure. Two case studies were conducted: (1) ambulance patient offloading in the emergency department and (2) ischemic stroke care with intravenous thrombolysis. The amount of process map‐derived information in the control structures was quantified. On average, 68% of the information in the final control structures was derived from the process map. Additional control actions and feedback were added from nonprocess map sources for management and frontline controllers. Despite the differences between process maps and control structures, much of the information in a process map can be used when creating a control structure. The method enables the creation of a control structure from a process map to be done in a structured fashion.
The challenges of detecting Taenia solium and neurocysticercosis in low and middle‐income countries: A scoping review of Lao People's Democratic Republic
Authors: Larkins Andrew , Keatley Sarah , Insisiengmay Bounnaloth , Phetsouvanh Rattanaxay , Bruce Mieghan , Ash Amanda 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTaenia solium is a tapeworm of global importance due to the burden of disease associated with human epilepsy caused by neurocysticercosis. Unfortunately, diagnostic challenges impede control efforts in many low and middle‐income countries. This review examines publications concerning Taenia species in the Lao PDR with a focus on T. solium to inform future research and control programmes.MethodsPubMed and Scopus databases were primary sources of evidence. Publications must have reported taeniasis or T. solium results from Lao PDR. Publications repeating results or samples were combined into unique projects.ResultsA total of 64 publications were included and summarised into 46 projects. The majority of projects applied faecal microscopy as their only diagnostic technique. As a result, the specific species of Taenia was often not determined. Only five projects used molecular techniques to identify the species observed. Only case report of neurocysticercosis has been published. The northern region was included in half the number of projects compared to the south, despite being a high‐risk area T. solium.ConclusionsThe diagnostic challenge of determining the species of Taenia present in a faecal sample presents a significant limitation to the control of T. solium in Lao PDR and is an experience that is relevant to many other low and middle‐income countries. There must be an improved understanding of the distribution and frequency of T. solium if disease control efforts are to be intensified to reduce the burden of neurocysticercosis, as encouraged by WHO and others. It is hoped that this can be achieved through non‐biological risk mapping tools and the more frequent application of molecular tools to routine sample collection. Diagnostic tools that are applicable to low resource settings should be a priority area of research for T. solium.
The animal's microbiome and cancer: A translational perspective
Authors: Aluai‐Cunha Catarina Sofia , Pinto Catarina Alves , Correia Isabel Alexandra Duarte Ferreira Lopes , dos Reis Serra Cláudia Alexandra , Santos Andreia Alexandra Ferreira 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCancer is a substantial global health problem both in humans and animals with a consistent increase in mortality and incidence rate. The commensal microbiota has been involved in the regulation of several physiological and pathological processes, both within the gastrointestinal system and at distant tissue locations. Cancer is not an exception, and different aspects of the microbiome have been described to have anti‐ or pro‐tumour effects. Using new techniques, for example high‐throughput DNA sequencing, microbial populations of the human body have been largely described and, in the last years, studies more focused on companions' animals have emerged. In general, the recent investigations of faecal microbial phylogeny and functional capacity of the canine and feline gut have shown similarities with human gut. In this translational study we will review and summarize the relation between the microbiota and cancer, in humans and companion animals, and compare their resemblance in the type of neoplasms already studied in veterinary medicine: multicentric and intestinal lymphoma, colorectal tumours, nasal neoplasia and mast cell tumours. In the context of One Health, microbiota and microbiome integrative studies may contribute to the understanding of the tumourigenesis process, besides offering an opportunity to develop new diagnostics and therapeutic biomarkers both for veterinary and human oncology.
Seasonal temperature‐related variation of humus tank settlement efficiency
Authors: Pearce Pete , Yang Gong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study uses several years of effluent quality data from 43 sites where online monitoring has been operational for many years resulting in the accumulation of high‐resolution data sets. The data show a highly repeatable, seasonal dependence of effluent turbidity on temperature. This has been modelled with simple techniques producing a generic model that is neither data hungry nor requires site calibration. Viscosity‐based mechanisms are proposed and discussed. These mechanisms differ from conventional assumptions of suspended solids peaks being solely flow related and or ascribed to ‘spring sloughing’. The proposal is that the organic loading of the filter and the physical temperature effects on settlement velocity are both as influential as hydraulic loading in determining effluent suspended solids concentration. Application of the models enables improved design for new/upgraded units and more accurate capacity assessment of trickling filters and humus tanks enabling improved operational risk management of compliance failure.
Consistent application of compression: An under‐considered variable in the prevention of venous leg ulcers
Authors: Shawa Harrison J. , Dahle Sara E. , Isseroff Roslyn Rivkah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVenous leg ulcers, the most common leg ulcer, occur in patients with chronic venous insufficiency due to venous hypertension. Evidence supports the conservative treatment with lower extremity compression, ideally between 30–40 mm Hg. Pressures in this range provide enough force to partially collapse lower extremity veins without restricting arterial flow in patients without peripheral arterial disease. There are many options for applying such compression, and those who apply these devices have varying levels of training and backgrounds. In this quality improvement project, a single observer utilised a reusable pressure monitor to compare pressures applied using different devices by individuals in wound clinics with diverse training from specialties of dermatology, podiatry, and general surgery. Average compression was higher in the dermatology wound clinic (n = 153) compared to the general surgery clinic (n = 53) (35.7 ± 13.3 and 27.2 ± 8.0 mm Hg, respectively, p < 0.0001), and wraps applied by clinic staff (n = 194) were nearly twice as likely as a self‐applied wrap (n = 71) to have pressures greater than 40 mm Hg (relative risk: 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.136–4.423, p = 0.02). Pressures were also dependent upon the specific compression device used, with CircAid®s (35.5 mm Hg, SD: 12.0 mm Hg, n = 159) providing higher average pressures than Sigvaris Compreflex (29.5 mm Hg, SD: 7.7 mm Hg, n = 53, p = 0.009) and Sigvaris Coolflex (25.2 mm Hg, SD: 8.0 mm Hg, n = 32, p < 0.0001). These results indicate that the device‐provided pressure may be dependent on both the compression device and the background and training of the applicator. We propose that standardisation in the training of compression application and increased use of a point‐of‐care pressure monitor may improve the consistency of applied compression, thus improving adherence to treatment and outcomes in patients with chronic venous insufficiency.
Experimental Investigation of Liquid Metal Droplet on the Heat Transfer Performance in an Oscillating Heat Pipe
Authors: Owoola Mark , Ismael Laith , Aviles Adalberto , Mohammadian Shahabeddin K. , Ma Hongbin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
An oscillating heat pipe (OHP) charged with a hybrid fluid is investigated. This hybrid fluid uses an emulsion-based mixture of liquid metal gallium microdroplets suspended in an ethanol solution. The gallium microdroplets are fabricated using an ultrasonication technique. The OHP is fabricated from a copper plate and contains a six-turn channel with a 3 × 3 mm2 cross section. The heat transfer performance of the OHP was investigated experimentally with different concentrations of gallium at a 50% filling ratio. Steady-state oscillating motion was achieved with weight concentrations of gallium up to 20%. The experimental results show that using gallium-in-ethanol hybrid fluid emulsion as the working fluid can increase the heat transfer performance of the OHP by up to 7.8% over pure ethanol at 300 W. The mass of gallium needed to achieve this magnitude of heat transfer improvement is drastically reduced compared to previous research.
Embedded Linear-Motion Developable Mechanisms on Cylindrical Surfaces
Authors: Sheffield Jacob L. , Sargent Brandon , Howell Larry L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study introduces methods for developing embedded straight-line and linear-motion mechanisms on right circular cylinders. Developable surfaces, particularly right circular cylinders, are the manufactured embodiment of many products. Functional linkages are traditionally not geometrically constrained to a body and often dictate the final shape of the housing they reside. This work explores mapping straight-line and linear-motion mechanisms onto cylinders for practical design. Potential applications for when an embedded cylindrical developable mechanism capable of deployment and generation of linear motion would be useful are discussed. An in vivo wiper mechanism to clean obstructed laparoscope lenses during surgery is investigated to physically demonstrate the concepts introduced in the article and to illustrate an example application.
Ramadan fasting and type 1 diabetes: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Tootee Ali , Bandarian Fatemeh , Namazi Nazli , Atlasi Rasha , Larijani Bagher 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionRamadan fasting is globally observed and a great majority of the residents of Islamic countries and elsewhere fast during Ramadan all across the world every year. Many patients with type 1 diabetes fast during Ramadan according to (or against) medical and jurisprudence advice. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of scientific evidence regarding the risks patients with diabetes who fast may be confronted with. The current scoping review protocol aims at systematic analysis and mapping of existing literature in the field and highlighting scientific gaps.Methods and analysesThis scoping review will be conducted based on the Arksey and O'Malley’s methodological framework with consideration of later modifications and amendments. Three major scientific databases, namely PubMed, Scopus and Embase up to February 2022 will be systematically searched by expert researchers in collaboration with a medical librarian. Considering the fact that Ramadan Fasting is a cultural-dependent subject, which may be studied in the Middle Eastern and Islamic Countries in languages other than English, local Persian and Arabic Databases will also be included. Grey literature will be sought too, and unpublished works such as conference proceedings and academic degree dissertation will be considered. Subsequently, one author will screen and record all abstracts, and two reviewers will independently screen and retrieve eligible full texts. A third reviewer will then be designated to resolve potential discrepancies. Standardised data charts and forms will be used for information extraction and reporting of the outcomes.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical considerations apply to this research. Results will be published and presented in academic journals and scientific events.