bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum Coherence from a Few Incoherent Bosons
Authors: Laha Pradip , Moore Darren W. , Filip Radim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn engineered hybrid interaction of a few incoherent bosons with a cooled discrete‐level system may give rise to substantial quantum coherence, an essential resource with diverse applications for quantum technology. This is in contrast to the expected requirement of intense and coherent external drives in current technologies. Substituting such external drives with internal hybrid processes stimulated by mere thermal energy may then contribute to reduced energy consumption in observing and using quantum phenomena. This low‐energy emergence of quantum coherence is then suitable for proof‐of‐principle exploration with recent experiments in platforms such as trapped ions and superconducting circuits.
Quadruplet pregnancy outcome with and without fetal reduction: Danish national cohort study (2008–2018) and comparison with dichorionic twins
Authors: Rasmussen M. K. , Kristensen S. E. , Ekelund C. K. , Sandager P. , Jørgensen F. S. , Hoseth E. , Sperling L. , Zingenberg H. J. , Hjortshøj T. D. , Gadsbøll K. , Wright A. , Wright D. , McLennan A. , Sundberg K. , Petersen O. B. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo perform a nationwide study of quadrichorionic quadriamniotic (QCQA) quadruplet pregnancies and to compare the pregnancy outcome in those undergoing fetal reduction with non‐reduced quadruplets and dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancies from the same time period.MethodsThis was a retrospective Danish national register‐based study performed using data from the national Danish Fetal Medicine Database, which included all QCQA quadruplets and all non‐reduced DCDA twin pregnancies with an estimated due date between 2008 and 2018. The primary outcome measure was a composite of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including pregnancy loss or intrauterine death of one or more fetuses. Secondary outcomes included gestational age at delivery, the number of liveborn children, preterm delivery before 28, 32 and 37 gestational weeks and birth weight. Data on pregnancy complications and baseline characteristics were also recorded. Outcomes were compared between reduced and non‐reduced quadruplet pregnancies, and between DCDA pregnancies and quadruplet pregnancies reduced to twins. A systematic literature search was performed to describe and compare previous results with our findings.ResultsIncluded in the study were 33 QCQA quadruplet pregnancies, including three (9.1%) non‐reduced pregnancies, 28 (84.8%) that were reduced to twin pregnancy and fewer than three (6.1%) that were reduced to singleton pregnancy, as well as 9563 DCDA twin pregnancies. Overall, the rate of adverse pregnancy outcome was highest in non‐reduced quadruplets (66.7%); it was 50% in quadruplets reduced to singletons and 10.7% in quadruplets reduced to twins. The proportion of liveborn infants overall was 91.1% of the total number expected to be liveborn in quadruplet pregnancies reduced to twins. This was statistically significantly different from 97.6% in non‐reduced dichorionic twins (P = 0.004), and considerably higher than 58.3% in non‐reduced quadruplets. The rates of preterm delivery < 28, < 32 and < 37 weeks were decreased in quadruplets reduced to twins compared with those in non‐reduced quadruplet pregnancies. Quadruplets reduced to twins did not achieve equivalent pregnancy outcomes to those of DCDA twins.ConclusionThis national study of QCQA quadruplets has shown that multifetal pregnancy reduction improves pregnancy outcome, including a decreased rate of preterm delivery and higher proportion of liveborn children. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Obesity risk factors in British Labrador retrievers: Effect of sex, neuter status, age, chocolate coat colour and food motivation
Authors: Wallis Natalie J. , Sumanasekera Natasha T. , Raffan Eleanor 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCanine obesity is a complex disease affected by genetic, endocrine and environmental factors. It is associated with reduced lifespan and many comorbidities. Prevalence differs by breed, with Labrador retrievers at high risk. Past data on how biological risk factors impact weight gain have been contradictory, possibly because they were obtained from genetically heterogeneous populations.MethodsWe investigated risk factors for canine obesity in a population of British Labrador retrievers (n = 521) with high‐quality data on obesity, weight, owner‐reported food motivation and related characteristics. We used linear regression to assess known and novel risk factors for obesity.ResultsWe found that neutering increased obesity in males (p < 0.001) but not females (p = 0.37). Older age was associated with obesity in female Labradors (p = 0.013) but not males (p = 0.49). We identified two new risk factors for obesity in Labrador retrievers: chocolate coat colour (p < 0.001) and high food motivation (p < 0.001).LimitationsStrategic recruitment to collect both obese and lean dogs means this cohort is not suitable for assessing obesity prevalence in UK Labrador retrievers.ConclusionStudying this genetically homogeneous population informs our knowledge of common risk factors for obesity and expands those relevant to Labrador retrievers.
First report of Nocardia abscessus panniculitis in a cat
Authors: Legain Mélanie , Idée Adrien , Mosca Marion , Pin Didier 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA 10‐year‐old, spayed, domestic, shorthaired cat was referred for cellulitis of the abdominal wall. Histopathological examination of cutaneous biopsies revealed nodular to diffuse pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis with tissue grains. Nocardia abscessus was identified via 16s rRNA PCR. Susceptibility testing showed that the isolated bacteria was susceptible to amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, which was prescribed for 11 months. Successive controls showed a progressive resolution of cutaneous signs, and no relapse was seen 5 months after treatment termination. This case report describes the first case of N. abscessus infection in a cat.
Presumptive generalised post‐anaesthetic myopathy in a sevoflurane‐anaesthetised obese pony
Authors: Cardinali Martina , Junot Stephane 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn 18‐year‐old, obese, female French saddle pony presented with chronic lameness. After being diagnosed with laceration of the manica flexoria of the deep flexor tendon, general anaesthesia for a tenotomy and desmotomy was planned. After induction of general anaesthesia, the horse was positioned in left lateral recumbency. General anaesthesia was maintained for 110 minutes with sevoflurane in 70% inspired oxygen, and controlled mechanical ventilation was provided to maintain normocapnia. Arterial pressure remained within normal limits, with mean arterial pressure above 70 mmHg throughout the procedure. After regaining consciousness, the horse was weak on the left hindlimb, unable to stand and uncomfortable. Creatine kinase was measured at 599 U L−1(standard range: 110–250 U L−1). A post‐anaesthetic myopathy was suspected, and supportive therapies were started, with liberal fluid therapy, acepromazine, phenylbutazone and analgesics administration. Despite these treatments, the condition progressively worsened and became generalised. Attempts at slinging the pony proved ineffective, and the clinical condition deteriorated. Due to the poor prognosis, the owner elected for euthanasia.
Successful treatment of equine corneal neovascularisation by subconjunctival aflibercept
Authors: Zadorozhnyy Oleg , Nasinnyk Illia , Korol Andrii , Pasyechnikova Nataliya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA 10‐year‐old Westphalian horse was presented for examination following a 4‐week history of ocular trauma and mycotic ulcerative keratitis of the right eye, complicated with uveitis and corneal neovascularisation. The right eye was treated for corneal neovascularisation with a 0.1 mL (4 mg) subconjunctival injection of aflibercept. A single subconjunctival injection of aflibercept was sufficient for complete regression of corneal neovascularisation. This is the first reported case of corneal neovascularisation in a horse successfully treated with subconjunctival aflibercept.
Surface characterizations and methylene blue pollutant removal efficiency of ZnO nanorods/biochar hybrids
Authors: Chen Hung‐Hsiang , Lu Lin‐Sin , Jhang Jia‐Jie , Lee Chang‐Hsueh , Chen Hsiang , Chen Ku‐Fan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, the integration of carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene, and biochar (BC) with zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) was investigated for efficient water pollutant removal. Two types of ZnO NRs/BC hybrids (BC on top and bottom of ZnO NRs) were synthesized and compared to other carbon material‐based ZnO NRs combinations. Methylene blue (MB) adsorption efficiency was evaluated for various carbon material‐based ZnO NRs composites, revealing good performance in ZnO NRs/BC hybrids, particularly with BC on top. The adsorption efficiency reached an impressive 61.79% for ZnO NRs/BC, surpassing other configurations. MB removal by ZnO NRs/BC fitted well with pseudo‐first‐order kinetics and the rate constants of MB adsorption is 9.19 × 10−2 1/min (R2 = 0.9237). Surface characterizations revealed a distinctive distribution of BC grains, with denser aggregation observed on top of ZnO NRs. This unique distribution contributed to higher MB adsorption rates, substantiated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis that showcased stronger MB adsorption in ZnO NRs/BC hybrids. Notably, the enhanced MB adsorption rates were attributed to the population of BC grains. This research establishes ZnO NRs/BC composites as promising candidates for effective water pollutant removal. The developed materials can be combined with the existed conventional wastewater treatment systems to further purify the water quality.Practitioner Points
ZnO NRs/BC hybrids achieve a remarkable 61.79% efficiency in removing MB pollutants, surpassing other carbon materials.
MB removal using BC‐based materials follows pseudo‐first‐order kinetics.
BC grains exhibit unique distribution patterns on ZnO NRs, with densely packed grains atop contributing to higher MB removal.
FTIR analysis confirms increased MB‐related bond vibration, supporting the effectiveness of ZnO NRs/BC hybrids for water pollutant removal.
Drone Perspectives on Cetacean Mating and Sex
Authors: Ramos Eric Angel , Hartman Karin L. , Baird Robin W. , Lerma Jordan K. , Missael Rodríguez-González Fabian , Orbach Dara N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMating and sociosexual behaviors of cetaceans are challenging to study in nature because most species spend only brief periods of time at the surface and most copulation and courtship occurs underwater. Recent advancements in technology have enabled a new perspective on these behaviors. Drones, or unoccupied aerial systems, have revolutionized studies of marine mammals by providing unparalleled aerial perspectives on the behaviors of whales, porpoises, and dolphins, including their use for investigating questions concerning the sexual behaviors and mating habits of species in near-surface waters. Drones offer numerous benefits over traditional boat- and land-based observational methods for studying mating in free-swimming cetaceans, including the ability to continuously film in high resolution for fine-scale tracking of activity and mating behaviors at and near the water’s surface. This paper outlines various ways in which drone data can be used to understand mating in cetaceans, including novel drone-based video observations of six species of dolphins and whales. These examples illustrate specific sociosexual and mating behaviors and how drone-based data can be used to address questions about the diversity of sexual behaviors and mating strategies. The use of drones is improving opportunities to investigate the fitness advantages of mating tactics and their evolutionary drivers.
SSMB Transverse-Longitudinal Coupling Dynamics
Authors: Deng Xiujie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAfter dedicated efforts devoted to the longitudinal dynamics to realize an ultrasmall longitudinal emittance and ultrashort bunch length for coherent radiation generation, we need to make sure that the coupling arising from transverse dynamics does not degrade or even destroy the longitudinal fine structures. Such an argument is based on the observation that the transverse beam size in an SSMB ring can be orders of magnitude larger than the desired microbunch length. This is the basic motivation for us to investigate the transverse-longitudinal coupling (TLC) dynamics. In this chapter, we start from the linear TLC and then investigate the nonlinear TLC dynamics. For the linear dynamics, first we analyze the passive bunch lengthening induced by bending magnets. We then emphasize the fact that TLC can actually be actively applied for efficient bunch compression and high harmonic generation when the transverse emittance is small. We present three theorems on the application of such TLC schemes, with their implications discussed. Further, we have analyzed the contribution of modulators to the vertical emittance from quantum excitation, to obtain a self-consistent evaluation of the required modulation laser power when applying these coupling schemes in a storage ring. The theorems and related analysis provide the theoretical basis for the application of TLC in SSMB to lower the requirement on the modulation laser power, by taking advantage of the fact that the vertical emittance in a planar ring is rather small. Based on the investigations, we have presented example parameters sets for the envisioned SSMB storage ring to generate high-power EUV and soft X-ray radiation at the end of this dissertation.
Behind the mask: a critical perspective on the ethical, moral, and legal implications of AI in ophthalmology
Authors: Veritti Daniele , Rubinato Leopoldo , Sarao Valentina , De Nardin Axel , Foresti Gian Luca , Lanzetta Paolo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the dangers, controversial aspects, and implications of artificial intelligence (AI) use in ophthalmology and other medical-related fields.

Methods
We conducted a decade-long comprehensive search (January 2013–May 2023) of both academic and grey literature, focusing on the application of AI in ophthalmology and healthcare. This search included key web-based academic databases, non-traditional sources, and targeted searches of specific organizations and institutions. We reviewed and selected documents for relevance to AI, healthcare, ethics, and guidelines, aiming for a critical analysis of ethical, moral, and legal implications of AI in healthcare.

Results
Six main issues were identified, analyzed, and discussed. These include bias and clinical safety, cybersecurity, health data and AI algorithm ownership, the “black-box” problem, medical liability, and the risk of widening inequality in healthcare.

Conclusion
Solutions to address these issues include collecting high-quality data of the target population, incorporating stronger security measures, using explainable AI algorithms and ensemble methods, and making AI-based solutions accessible to everyone. With careful oversight and regulation, AI-based systems can be used to supplement physician decision-making and improve patient care and outcomes.
Diagnostic and prognostic molecular pathology of lymphoid malignancies
Authors: Fend Falko , van den Brand Michiel , Groenen Patricia JTA , Quintanilla-Martinez Leticia , Bagg Adam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith the explosion in knowledge about the molecular landscape of lymphoid malignancies and the increasing availability of high throughput techniques, molecular diagnostics in hematopathology has moved from isolated marker studies to a more comprehensive approach, integrating results of multiple genes analyzed with a variety of techniques on the DNA and RNA level. Although diagnosis of lymphoma still relies on the careful integration of clinical, morphological, phenotypic, and, if necessary molecular features, and only few entities are defined strictly by genetic features, genetic profiling has contributed profoundly to our current understanding of lymphomas and shaped the two current lymphoma classifications, the International Consensus Classification and the fifth edition of the WHO classification of lymphoid malignancies. In this review, the current state of the art of molecular diagnostics in lymphoproliferations is summarized, including clonality analysis, mutational studies, and gene expression profiling, with a focus on practical applications for diagnosis and prognostication. With consideration for differences in accessibility of high throughput techniques and cost limitations, we tried to distinguish between diagnostically relevant and in part disease-defining molecular features and optional, more extensive genetic profiling, which is usually restricted to clinical studies, patients with relapsed or refractory disease or specific therapeutic decisions. Although molecular diagnostics in lymphomas currently is primarily done for diagnosis and subclassification, prognostic stratification and predictive markers will gain importance in the near future.
Enhancing prognostic accuracy: a SEER-based analysis for overall and cancer-specific survival prediction in cervical adenocarcinoma patients
Authors: Chen Linlin , Chen Yu , Shi Haoting , Cai Rong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Cervical adenocarcinoma (CA) is the second most prevalent histological subtype of cervical cancer, following cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). As stated in the guidelines provided by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, they are staged and treated similarly. However, compared with CSCC patients, CA patients are more prone to lymph node metastasis and recurrence with a poorer prognosis. The objective of this research was to discover prognostic indicators and develop nomograms that can be utilized to anticipate the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients diagnosed with CA.

Methods
Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database, individuals with CA who received their diagnosis between 2004 and 2015 were identified. A total cohort (n = 4485) was randomly classified into two separate groups in a 3:2 ratio, to form a training cohort (n = 2679) and a testing cohort (n = 1806). Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcome measure and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was the secondary outcome measure. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were employed to select significant independent factors and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was utilized to develop predictive nomogram models. The predictive accuracy and discriminatory ability of the nomogram were assessed by employing metrics such as the calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the concordance index (C-index).

Results
Age, Tumor Node Metastasis stages (T, N, and M), SEER stage, grade, and tumor size were assessed as common independent predictors of both OS and CSS. The C-index value of the nomograms for predicting OS was 0.832 (95% CI 0.817–0.847) in the training cohort and 0.823 (95% CI 0.805–0.841) in the testing cohort.

Conclusion
We developed and verified nomogram models for predicting 1-, 3- and 5-year OS and CSS among patients with cervical adenocarcinoma. These models exhibited excellent performance in prognostic prediction, providing support and assisting clinicians in assessing survival prognosis and devising personalized treatments for CA patients.
Time series modelling: applications for groundwater control in urban tunnelling
Authors: Stein Eivind , Langford Jenny , Kahlström Mats 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWater ingress to tunnels may result in pore pressure drawdown and consolidation settlements in areas above tunnels founded on soft soil deposits, potentially causing damage to buildings and infrastructure. To limit pore pressure drawdown, requirements are set on water ingress to bedrock tunnels. To meet these requirements, pre-excavation grouting is often performed to reduce the hydraulic conductivity of the rock mass surrounding the tunnel. Real-time pore pressure monitoring may be used to document pore pressure drawdown during construction. However, the effect of tunnel water ingress can be difficult to distinguish from natural pore pressure fluctuations. This paper presents a tunnel case in Oslo, Norway, where time series modelling was applied to local pore pressure data using the transfer function model framework. The input to the models was daily meteorological data considering precipitation and evapotranspiration, and the output was simulated pore pressure levels with impulse response functions. The models were optimised with data from before tunnel excavation, and simulations were run during the tunnel excavation period. Simulated pore pressure levels were compared with observed pore pressure levels to assess tunnelling-induced drawdown. Model uncertainty ranges were used to produce upper, lower, and best estimates of the drawdown. The findings show that time series modelling with transfer function models may be used in tunnel projects to continuously assess the impact on the local groundwater environment, for better evaluation of the pre-grouting performance, and for quantifying both the temporary and long-term drawdown with increased accuracy.
Secure outsourcing of manufacturing compliance checks
Authors: Triakosia Aikaterini , Rizomiliotis Panagiotis , Tonelli Cecilia , Federici Fabio , Senni Valerio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCompliance data consists of manufacturing quality measures collected in the production process. Quality checks are most of the times computationally expensive to perform, mainly due to the amount of collected data. Having trusted solutions for outsourcing analyses to the Cloud is an opportunity for reducing costs of operation. However, the adoption of the Cloud computation paradigm is delayed for the many security risks associated with it. In the use case we consider in this paper, compliance data is very sensitive, because it may contain IP-critical information, or it may be related to safety-critical operations or products. While the technological solutions that protect data in-transit or at rest have reached a satisfying level of maturity, there is a huge demand for securing data in-use. Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is one of the main technological enablers for secure computation outsourcing. In the last decade, HE has reached maturity with remarkable pace. However, using HE is still far from being an automated process and each use case introduces different challenges. In this paper, we investigate application of HE to the described scenario. In particular, we redesign the compliance check algorithm to a HE-friendly equivalent. We propose efficient data input encoding that takes advantage of SIMD type of computations supported by the CKKS HE scheme. Moreover, we introduce security/performance trade-offs by proposing limited but acceptable information leakage. We have implemented our solution using SEAL HE library and evaluated our results in terms of time complexity and accuracy. Finally, we analyze the benefits and limitations of integration of a Trusted Execution Environment for secure execution of some computations that are overly expensive for the chosen HE scheme.