bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Like bringing a knife to a gunfight: Why IRC Section 2036 is not the right weapon to combat abusive family limited partnerships
Authors: Trotta Nicholas J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFamily Limited Partnerships (“FLPs”), which were once a great estate planning technique, have now become victim to Section 2036 assertions made by the IRS. Over the years, the IRS has struggled to find a means to combat abusive FLPs until the courts began to embrace Section 2036 as a weapon for them to use. Different courts, however, have maintained different rules and have now subjected both abusive and non‐abusive FLPs to inclusion of their assets into their gross estates. This has shed light onto the main issue, that is, that Section 2036 is not the appropriate tool to combat abusive FLPs.
Two centuries of spatial and temporal dynamics of freshwater fish introductions
Authors: Muñoz‐Mas Rafael , Essl Franz , van Kleunen Mark , Seebens Hanno , Dawson Wayne , Casal Christine Marie V. , García‐Berthou Emili 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimInvestigating major freshwater fish flows (translocations) between biogeographic regions and their temporal dynamics and also quantifying spatial patterns and temporal changes in the array of introduced species, and the emergence and distance between major donor and recipient regions.LocationGlobal.Time Period1800–2020.Major Taxa StudiedFreshwater fishes.MethodsWe analysed a global dataset on freshwater fish introductions (4241 events of 688 species). Freshwater fish flows were investigated with flow diagrams and χ2 tests, while PERMANOVA (permutational multivariate analysis of variance) was used to test the association between species and regions and temporal shifts. Cluster analysis revealed major recipient areas and composition of the introduced species. Finally, changes in distances between donor and recipient sites were tested with PERMANOVA.ResultsThe number of introductions between biogeographic regions mirrored the European and North American dominance before World War II (WWII) and the trends in recreational fishing, biocontrol programmes and food production, especially in the Sino‐Oriental region, which has a long tradition of aquaculture and fishkeeping. Over the years, the origins and composition of introduced species changed uniquely in each biogeographic region, although the most introduced species are common to every region. Salmonids and other cold‐water species were frequently introduced before the 1950s, whereas tropical ornamental and aquaculture species currently prevail. Distances between donor and recipient sites did not vary over the time. After WWII, the Sino‐Oriental region consolidated its dominance and the Ethiopian and Neotropical regions emerged as new global donor and recipient regions.Main ConclusionsGlobal policy should focus on tropical ornamental and aquaculture species, which could benefit from global warming, especially in the Sino‐Oriental region, because it currently dominates freshwater fish species flows, and the Ethiopian and Neotropical regions, because they recently emerged as important global donor and recipient regions of freshwater fish introductions.
Long term reduction of cardiovascular risk factors associated with three hour daily dialysis: A prospective, cohort study
Authors: Achinger Steven G. , Ayus Juan Carlos 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionDaily hemodialysis (DHD) compared to conventional hemodialysis (CHD) leads to improvements in left ventricular hypertrophy and mineral metabolism at 1‐year follow‐up. However, there is no information from prospective studies on the long terms effects of DHD on these key cardiovascular risk factors.MethodsWe conducted a 4 year, prospective cohort study of 26 DHD and 51 matched CHD patients on the effect of DHD (six sessions/week × 3 h) versus CHD (three sessions/week × 4 h), 15 DHD, and 26 CHD patients completed 4‐years follow‐up. Measures of left ventricular mass index (LVMI), blood pressures, hemoglobin, and mineral metabolism markers were performed.ResultsSystolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly lower in the DHD group than the CHD group at 4‐year follow‐up, 128 mmHg (95% CI, 111–143) versus 148 mmHg (95% CI, 137–158) (p < 0.05) and 60 mmHg (95% CI, 56–63) versus 71 mmHg (95% CI, 64–76) (p < 0.05). DHD was associated with fewer patients taking any anti‐hypertensive drug therapy than CHD, 50% versus 80% (p < 0.05). DHD was associated with improved attainment of mineral metabolism goals for phosphorus (adjusted HR 3.6, p = 0.002) and calcium × phosphorus product (adjusted HR 3.66, p = 0.001) at 4‐years follow‐up compared to CHD. At 4 years, there was a nonsignificant trend toward lower LVMI in the DHD than in the CHD group: 116 g/m2 (95% CI, 97–136) versus 138 g/m2 (95% CI, 115–172) (p = 0.23). Similarly, improvements in hemoglobin also persisted at 4 years follow‐up.ConclusionDHD is associated with long‐term (4 year) improvements in key cardiovascular risk factors: blood pressure, mineral metabolism, and anemia with trends toward improved LVMI.
Revisiting space and emotion: New ways to study buildings and feelings
Authors: Hultman Maja , Cooper Sophie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn her 2014 History Compass article, Margrit Pernau issued a call for scholars to consider entanglements between history of emotion methodologies and space. She argued that ‘bodies are necessarily situated in space, and they bear the imprint of the spaces they are moving through and have moved through.’ Nine years after the publication of Pernau's article, this study engages with developments in the field of history of emotions to posit that emotional methodologies provide important opportunities for scholars of the urban built environment, adding additional lenses that can help to push the boundaries of urban history. Extending Pernau's thesis by borrowing theoretical and methodological muscle from affect theory and the combined field of slavery and gender studies, via the concepts of atmospheres, reconstruction, and critical fabulation, this article explores new avenues for research that aims to understand and analyse marginalised groups in urban history. The explorative analysis is tested on a macroanalysis of social processes among the Irish diaspora in nineteenth century Melbourne and Chicago and a microhistorical study of a Pietist orphanage in nineteenth century Stockholm and thus showcases the possibility of the approach to go beyond spatial‐emotional management and reach contradictory and alternative strategies and experiences.
LEARNING AND EVIDENCE IN INSURANCE MARKETS
Authors: Pram Kym 
Published: June 2023

AbstractI analyze a model of monopoly insurance contracting where the consumer has access to endogenous, costly evidence of his risk type. I characterize when the consumer is worse off if the insurer is allowed to condition contracts on evidence and when the ability to contract on evidence leads to a Pareto improvement. I compare the results to an analogous setting with perfect competition: Under perfect competition, when evidence acquisition costs are low, the ability to contract on evidence is always Pareto improving. For intermediate costs, I uncover a new source of unraveling.
Non‐operative management of pilonidal sinus disease; classification and outcome
Authors: Salih Abdulwahid M. , Ahmed Mohsin M. , Baba Hiwa O. , Kakamad Fahmi Hussein , Salih Karzan M. , Muhedin Saman S. , Abdalla Berun A. , Abdullah Hiwa O. , Hamad Aga K. , Abdullah Hawnaz S. , Qadir Vian J. , Mahmood Ahmed J. , Mohammed Shvan H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe characteristics of the pilonidal sinus that are associated with recurrence have scarcely been investigated in the literature. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of patients with sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease who were managed by a non‐operative technique using Salih's preparation. This study also tries to classify the patients according to the features that determine the outcome of the intervention. This is a single‐group cohort study that enrolled consecutive patients that had pilonidal sinus. All the patients were managed using Salih's preparation. The patients were seen at the clinic 6 weeks after the intervention to record data of recurrence. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25 was used for coding and analysing the data. Test of significance and odds ratio were calculated for all of the features. The total number of patients receiving Salih's preparation was 12 123 cases, of which only 3529 patients were included in this study. The mean age of the participants was 26.95 years, ranging from 14 to 55 years. The most significant factor related to the recurrence was the presence of an abscess. After summation of all odd ratios, the percentage of each one from the total was calculated, and accordingly, the patients were divided into three classes. Non‐operative methods using a preparation with antimicrobial and sclerosing properties can be an alternative for surgical intervention with a lower risk of recurrence. Classification of patients based on specific criteria can give clinicians and even patients themselves a vision of the chance of recurrence and treatment success.
Low albumin‐to‐fibrinogen ratio predicts adverse clinical outcomes after primary total joint arthroplasty: A retrospective observational investigation
Authors: Shang Jingjing , Jiang Shijie , Gong Jinhong , Zhao Gongyin , Su Dan , Wang Liangliang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNutritional markers for adverse clinical outcomes following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) remain controversial. This study attempted to explore the validity of the albumin‐to‐fibrinogen ratio (AFR) in nutritional assessment and assess its predictive value for adverse postoperative outcomes in patients receiving TJA. 2137 patients who underwent primary TJA between January 2016 and June 2021 were screened. We performed receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve (AUC) to assess predictive value and establish optimal thresholds. Multivariate regression models were then used to assess potential associations between AFR and adverse postoperative outcomes. AFR might predict postoperative deep surgical site infections (AUC = 0.699, P = .023). The optimal threshold for wound complications, determined by the Youden index, was 12.96. Compared with patients with reduced AFR, patients with high AFR exhibited an enhanced risk of adverse postoperative outcomes (adjusted OR: 4.010–8.832, all P < .05). Using multivariate Cox regression analysis, we further confirmed a higher risk of adverse postoperative outcomes in patients with low AFR (adjusted HR: 3.733–7.335, all P < .05). Reduced preoperative AFR markedly enhanced adverse postoperative outcomes. Hence, AFR may serve as a potential biomarker for nutritional assessment, and may predict postoperative wound complications following primary TJA.
Classification of soybean genotypes during the seedling stage in controlled drought and salt stress environments using the decision tree algorithm
Authors: de Oliveira Bruno Rodrigues , Zuffo Alan Mario , Steiner Fábio , Aguilera Jorge González , Gonzales Hebert Hernán Soto 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoybean is one of the most important oilseed crops grown worldwide. However, abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity can seriously affect soybean production, especially in tropical climate conditions. To evaluate the adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes under abiotic stress conditions, some studies have proposed a multitrait tool to select stress‐tolerant soybean genotypes through a multitrait stability index (MTSI). This index can be used under stressful environmental conditions to quantify the genotypic stability of soybean cultivars. Our study is based on an unprecedented approach, where we propose to use a machine learning algorithm called ‘Random Forest’ to obtain a classification model based on a decision tree algorithm. The decision tree data structure can be used even by nonexperts facilitating the decision‐making process for genotype selection. The proposed model evaluated the importance of six shoot and root morphological variables and predicted from which controlled growth environment the soybean plants originated. Using this model more than 73% of the genotypic patterns were learned correctly. Besides that, this model can also predict and rank the most critical variables in the development of soybean genotypes, having obtained results very similar to recent field research. The research is important for plant breeders who seek an early selection of soybean seedlings for drought and saline stresses.
Effect of subgingival periodontal therapy on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients: Meta‐analysis and meta‐regression of 6‐month follow‐up randomized clinical trials
Authors: Oliveira Victor Bento , Costa Fábio Wildson Gurgel , Haas Alex Nogueira , Júnior Renan Magalhães Montenegro , Rêgo Rodrigo Otávio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontitis worsens the hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Subgingival instrumentation, with or without surgical access, is the gold‐standard treatment for periodontitis. The aim was to summarize the evidence on the effect of subgingival instrumentation (with or without open flap) on the reduction of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c).MethodsNine electronic databases were searched up to 15 February 2023. Twelve randomized controlled trials with at least 6 months of follow‐up were included. Studies using systemic or local‐delivery antimicrobial therapies were excluded. Meta‐analyses were performed using the random‐effects model. The sources of heterogeneity were assessed by applying linear meta‐regression. Risk of bias was assessed by RoB 2, and certainty of evidence by GRADE.ResultsEleven studies were included in the quantitative analyses (1374 patients). Subgingival instrumentation resulted in 0.29% lower HbA1c (95% confidence interval: 0.10–0.47; p = .03) compared with non‐active treatment.DiscussionNone of the 12 studies were assessed as having low risk of bias. The percentage of females and the time of diabetes diagnosis significantly explained the high level of heterogeneity. Subgingival periodontal therapy results in a significant and clinically relevant improvement in glycaemic control over 6 months in patients with T2DM and periodontitis. The grade of evidence was moderate.
Susceptibility of grape berry moth, Paralobesia viteana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to insecticides in Michigan vineyards
Authors: Hubhachen Zhaorigetu , Pointon Henry , Perkins Jacquelyn A. , Isaacs Rufus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGrape berry moth is a major pest of vineyards across eastern North America. Increasing infestations in Michigan commercial vineyards under active pest management have raised concerns about insecticide resistance in this species. We tested the susceptibility of male moths of this pest from 5 vineyards in southwestern Michigan over 2 years using a range of concentrations, followed by probit analysis of the resulting mortality data. In 2021 and 2022, topical applications of phosmet and zeta‐cypermethrin were applied to moths collected from each vineyard, and the LC50, LC90 and LC99 values were calculated for each population. The LC50 values were similar among sites, whereas the LC99 values for phosmet were highly variable across years, with sensitivity 2.78 times higher in 2022 than 2021 at Farm 2 and 61.66‐fold higher in 2021 at Farm 3. Sensitivity to zeta‐cypermethrin was generally similar between years at the LC50 level, but it was variable at the LC99, with two sites showing lower sensitivity in 2022 compared to 2021 and three farms with an increased sensitivity in 2022. The response to carbaryl was similar for Farm 3 across both years. However, in 2022 the LC50, LC90 and LC99 values in Farm 3 were 2.34, 6.33 and 14.29‐fold, respectively, higher compared to those in Farm 5. In conclusion, our results show that sensitivity to insecticides in grape berry moth populations in southwest Michigan vineyards is highly variable between different farms and across years. These results highlight the need for continued monitoring of sensitivity to insecticides in this species, and development and implementation of alternative control strategies in vineyards to maintain pest susceptibility to insecticides.
Latitudinal and anthropogenic effects on the structuring of networks linking blood‐feeding flies and their vertebrate hosts
Authors: Bellekom Ben , Lewis Owen T. , Hackett Talya D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBiting flies (Diptera) transmit pathogens that cause many important diseases in humans as well as domestic and wild animals. The networks of feeding interactions linking these insects to their hosts, and how they vary geographically and in response to human land‐use, are currently poorly documented but are relevant to understanding cross‐species disease transmission. We compiled a database of biting Diptera–host interactions from the literature to investigate how key interaction network metrics vary latitudinally and with human land‐use. Interaction evenness and H2' (a measure of the degree of network specificity) did not vary significantly with latitude. Compared to near‐natural habitats, interaction evenness was significantly lower in agricultural habitats, where networks were dominated by relatively few species pairs, but there was no evidence that the presence of humans and their domesticated animals within networks led to systematic shifts in network structure. We discuss the epidemiological relevance of these results and the implications for predicting and mitigating future spill‐over events.
Functional profile of oral plaque microbiome: Further insight into the bidirectional relationship between type 2 diabetes and periodontitis
Authors: Favale Nicoletta , Farina Roberto , Carrieri Alberto , Simonelli Anna , Severi Mattia , Sabbioni Silvia , Trombelli Leonardo , Scapoli Chiara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIncreasing evidence support the association between the oral microbiome and human systemic diseases. This association may be attributed to the ability of many oral microbes to influence the inflammatory microenvironment. Herein, we focused our attention on the bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes using high‐resolution whole metagenomic shotgun analysis to explore the composition and functional profile of the subgingival microbiome in diabetics and non‐diabetics subjects with different periodontal conditions.In the present study, the abundance of metabolic pathways encoded by oral microbes was reconstructed from the metagenome, and we identified a set of dysregulated metabolic pathways significantly enriched in the periodontitis and/or diabetic patients. These pathways were mainly involved in branched and aromatic amino acids metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis and adipocytokine signaling pathways, ferroptosis and iron homeostasis, nucleotide metabolism, and finally in the peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharides synthesis.Overall, the results of the present study provide evidence in favor of the hypothesis that during the primary inflammatory challenge, regardless of whether it is induced by periodontitis or diabetes, endotoxemia and/or the release of inflammatory cytokines cause a change in precursor and/or in circulating innate immune cells. Dysbiosis and inflammation, also via oral–gut microbiome axis or adipose tissue, reduce the efficacy of the host immune response, while fueling inflammation and can induce that metabolic/epigenetic reprogramming of chromatin accessibility of genes related to the immune response.Moreover, the presence of an enhanced ferroptosis and an imbalance in purine/pyrimidine metabolism provides new insights into the role of ferroptotic death in this comorbidity.
A rare case of modified superior vena cava isolation by using the ultra‐high‐resolution mapping system
Authors: Yamashita Seigo , Oseto Hirotsuna , Morita Tetsuro , Tokutake Kenichi , Yoshimura Michihiro , Yamane Teiichi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe report a case of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation, which patient had AF trigger in the superior vena cava (SVC) near the sinus node (SN). The ultra‐high‐resolution mapping revealed that SN located within the SVC and the atrial activation from the SN to SVC propagated in both septal and lateral direction, then upward with circumventing the spontaneous conduction block identified just above and lateral SN (upper hemisphere). We successfully isolated SVC including the ectopic origin at the same level as the SN by utilizing the spontaneous conduction block line around the SN without any complication.
Extrapolation estimation for nonparametric regression with measurement error
Authors: Song Weixing , Ayub Kanwal , Shi Jianhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor the nonparametric regression models with covariates contaminated with the normal measurement errors, this paper proposes an extrapolation algorithm to estimate the regression functions. By applying the conditional expectation directly to the kernel‐weighted least squares of the deviations between the local linear approximation and the observed responses, the proposed algorithm successfully bypasses the simulation step in the classical simulation extrapolation, thus significantly reducing the computational time. It is noted that the proposed method also provides an exact form of the extrapolation function, although the extrapolation estimate generally cannot be obtained by simply setting the extrapolation variable to negative one in the fitted extrapolation function, if the bandwidth is less than the SD of the measurement error. Large sample properties of the proposed estimation procedure are discussed, as well as simulation studies and a real data example being conducted to illustrate its applications.
The sociodemographic and psychosocial correlates of COVID‐19 vaccine concerns among urban college students
Authors: Kaighobadi Farnaz , Shane Jacob , Niwa Erika Y. , Ahmed Tanzina , Reigada Laura C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 vaccine concerns remain high among Americans. Although recent studies have investigated the sociodemographic disparities in vaccine concerns, less attention has been given to reasons for vaccine skepticism and psychosocial factors that may explain it. The current study examined specific types of vaccine concerns among a diverse sample of college students (N = 1985) living in New York City. Participants who identified as Black, younger, with later immigrant generational status, and those with more conservative political leanings reported more vaccine concerns. Concerns regarding vaccine side effects were the most frequently reported source of concern. Reason for getting vaccinated, personal experiences with COVID, and COVID stress was also associated with vaccine concerns. Study results emphasize the importance of sociodemographic factors and COVID knowledge and stress in examining and addressing vaccine concerns.