bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting Clinical Breast Examination as A screening Tool for Breast Cancer in Iraq
Authors: Al-Alwan Nada , Mualla Faisal 
Published: August 2023

Breast cancer constitutes about one fourth of the registered cancer cases among the Iraqi population (1)and it is the leading cause of death among Iraqi women (2). Each year more women are exposed to the viciousramifications of this disease which include death if left unmanaged or the negative sequels that they wouldexperience, cosmetically and psychologically, after exposure to radical mastectomy.The World Health Organization (WHO) documented that early detection and screening, when copedwith adequate therapy, could offer a reduction in breast cancer mortality; displaying that the low survival ratesin less developed countries, including Iraq, is mainly attributed to the lack of early detection programs coupledwith inadequate diagnostic and treatment facilities (3). Although mammography machines, as main screeningtools for breast cancer, are available in the major hospitals in each province in Iraq, yet those are mainly usedfor diagnostic purposes in patients who present with palpable breast lumps. Obviously, due to cost effectivemeasures, lack of resources and the economical challenges that Iraq is facing, it is not expected that theauthorities could provide mammography devices across every health care centre in the country to be used forscreening of all Iraqi women.Accordingly, promoting other feasible tools could support in solving that dilemma. Clinical BreastExamination (CBE) for women, by highly trained health care providers in Primary Health Care Centers, alongwith diagnostic mammography in the major hospitals for referred cases, could offer cost effective approachesfor early detection of breast cancer in Iraq. The resources required to provide these services are within thereach of all countries with limited resources(4).The issue of raising awareness on breast cancer and its early detection measures needs to be addressed.Observations reported in Iraqi studies obviously reflect the the limited knowledge of the general populationabout the disease, its preventive measures and their ignorance regarding the significance of CBE and earlymedical consultation (5, 6). Public health awareness campaigns should be endorsed by policy makers to encourage every Iraqi women to look for abnormal signs and symptoms in their breasts and to seek medicaladvice promptly.
Спір про право у цивілістичному процесі
Authors: Дика Алла Олександрівна 
Published: August 2023

Пропонована наукова праця є комплексним дослідженням такого правового явища, як «спір про право» у цивілістичному процесі (нотаріат, суд, виконавче провадження). Розкрито сутність та види спорів, які виникають у нотаріальному, цивільному та виконавчому процесах. Саме через призму цивілістичного процесу можна комплексно, системно і послідовно розв’язати існуючі в державі проблеми, які виникають у зв’язку з охороною, захистом та відновленням прав, відповідно, нотаріусом, судом та органами примусового виконання. Проаналізовано нотаріальну, судову й виконавчу практику та передумови виникнення як матеріального, так і процесуального спорів, а також наслідки його встановлення в даних юрисдикційних процесах. Розкрито роль нотаріусів, суддів і виконавців, суб’єктів нотаріальних процесуальних правовідносин, цивільних процесуальних відносин, зокрема, у позовному, наказному та окремому провадженнях цивільного судочинства, а також у виконавчих процесуальних правовідносинах. Представлено ряд пропозицій з удосконалення законодавства, що регламентує процедури вчинення нотаріальних дій нотаріусами, розгляду справ судами та примусового виконання рішень. Розглянуто Концепцію оновлення Цивільного кодексу України, зокрема норми Книги 6 «Спадкове право», та наведено пропозиції внесення до них змін з метою недопущення в майбутньому виникнення спорів про право. Книга розрахована на викладачів, докторантів, аспірантів, студентів та практичних фахівців, зокрема суддів, адвокатів, нотаріусів і виконавців, також може бути використана в навчальному процесі при викладанні навчальних дисциплін «Нотаріальний процес», «Цивільний процес», «Виконавчий процес».
How To Create A Successful Orthopedic Telemedicine Program For COVID-19 And Beyond
Authors: Atanda Alfred 
Published: August 2023

Even before COVID-19, we demonstrated that there are several benefits to utilizing telemedicine such as increased patient satisfaction, shorter wait times, and decreased cost for the patient and orthopedic department (Atanda et al. 2018) now more than ever, is the time to embrace the idea of telemedicine and digital health technology as our ability to evaluate and interact with our patients in person has been significantly limited. With telemedicine, providers can still disseminate quality healthcare guidance and information to their patients while everyone is at home social distancing. Images and test results can be reviewed, patients can ask questions and have their concerns addressed. Practices and health systems can conveniently and safely triage their patients and determine who needs to be seen in-person. More importantly, our government has passed the Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act which has helped broaden access to Medicare telehealth. Once the pandemic has subsided and social distancing restrictions are lifted, it is very likely that patients will still want the ability to utilize telemedicine in certain situations. Having a short-term, as well as long-term, digital health strategy will be a key differentiator for orthopedic practices. However, there are several key things that one must think about and consider prior to creating a telemedicine offering for one’s practice or hospital.
Risk Factors for Prolonged Opioid Use after Orthopedic Trauma: Inner-City Hospital versus Community Hospital
Authors: Cuellar III Derly O , Israel Heidi , Cannada Lisa K 
Published: August 2023

Abstract Introduction Prescription opiate use has exponentially increased. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with prolonged opioid use (> 12 weeks) after isolated orthopedic trauma requiring surgery, and compare two different hospital settings: a large community based hospital vs. inner-city hospital. Methods A retrospective review was performed of adult trauma patients requiring operative fixation of their isolated long bone fractures at two Level I trauma centers between 2011-2016. Patients were identified using CPT codes for fracture fixation. Demographics, fracture type, mechanism of injury (MOI), index procedure, medical/psychiatric history, employment status at time of injury, drug screen, blood alcohol and smoking status at presentation, insurance type/status, preinjury opioid use, and duration of opioid use postoperatively was collected. The primary outcome was the duration of opioid use postoperatively, stratified < 6 weeks, 6-12 weeks, or > 12 weeks. Categorical variables analyzed using chi-square and t-test used for continuous variables. Results 196 patients were included (115 inner-city and 81 community hospital). The mean age was 38.4 ± 15 years, 68% were male, the mean ISS 7 ± 3. With results stratified by opioid duration: MOI (P = 0.023), smoking (P = 0.001), drug use (P = < 0.001), and insurance type (P = 0.005) were significantly different between those who stop using opioids by six weeks vs. those who didn’t. Employment status (P=0.046), smoking (P = 0.001), drug use (P<0.001), insurance type (P = 0.025), and preinjury opioid use (P = 0.024) were significantly different between those who stop using opioids by 12 weeks vs. those with continued using opioids. In both hospital settings, positive drug screen and current smokers were associated with increased risk of prolonged opioid use (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion Risk factors for prolonged opioid use were insurance type, employment status, and preinjury opioid use. In addition, patients with positive drug screen or current smokers were at an increased risk regardless of hospital setting. These findings can help identify patients who would benefit from a different treatment approach, but further studies are needed to determine the best intervention for these high risk patients.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INTENSI APOTEKER DALAM PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SOSIAL DAN INTERNET UNTUK PELAYANAN INFORMASI OBAT: STUDI PADA APOTEK JARINGAN
Authors: - Ari Widhiarso , Aris Widayati  , Widayati Aris 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRAK
Covid-19 menjadikan transformasi digital berlangsung cepat dan mengharuskan pemerataan penggunaan teknologi informasi komunikasi (TIK), termasuk bidang pelayanan kefarmasian berbasis internet. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis faktor–faktor yang mempengaruhi intention to use apoteker apotek jaringan di wilayah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dalam memanfaatkan media sosial dan internet untuk pelayanan kefarmasian .
Penelitian bersifat observasional analitik diikuti 102 apoteker.Responden dipilih secara purposive non random sampling. Pengambilan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya kemudian disebarkan dengan format Google-form. Responden mengisi kuesioner yang terdiri atas 58 butir pertanyaan dan telah menandatangani inform consent sebagai bukti kesediaan partisipasi. Data profil responden dianalisis secara deskriptif kemudian dinalisis korelasinya dengan analisis Crosstab Chi-Square masing-masing konstruk persepsi pengguna TIK dengan intention to use apoteker dalam apotek jaringan tersebut. Penelitian ini telah memperoleh ethical clearance dari Komisi Etik Penelitian Fakultas Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana dengan nomor 1329/C.16/FK/2021.
Penelitian menunjukkan 100% apotek jaringan dari 102 responden penelitian memiliki fasilitas internet untuk operasionalnya. Responden mengakses internet dengan komputer/laptop dan gadget/smartphone. Sebanyak 56,9% responden belum memaksimalkan penggunaan website resmi milik apotek jaringan, Sebanyak 74,51% responden, masih ragu-raguan dalam penggunaan platform daring/online untuk menunjang pelayanan kefarmasian. Hal ini bisa menjadi bahan evaluasi dan masukkan bagi management apotek jaringan tersebut. Hasil penelitian, masing-masing faktor memiliki hubungan yang positif dengan intention to use penggunan media sosial dan internet oleh responden pada apotek jaringan dengan nilai signifikan < 0,05. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan hipotesis penelitian diterima.
Psychological Capital as Mediator between Adaptive Perfectionism and Academic Procrastination
Authors: Hicks Richard E. , Wu Fiona Meng Yao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractResearch on perfectionism and separately on procrastination is extensive and both are related in general to negative consequences. However, there has been little research on different forms of perfectionism (maladaptive vs adaptive) and the relationships with procrastination. One study (Seo, 2008) has suggested that self-efficacy mediates between adaptive perfectionism and procrastination in academic settings and leads to more productive outcomes. Identifying further such positive productive factors may prove useful in helping individuals deal with their perfectionism and-or their procrastination tendencies. Positive psychological capital (PsyCap) may be one such other mediator, as PsyCap involves not only self-efficacy but also resilience, hope and optimism—attributes that have been associated separately each in their own right with positive behaviour and not with normal academic procrastination Most studies of PsyCap have occurred in organisational settings and may also be considered to be important attributes in the academic setting. Psychological capital as a positive mediator between adaptive perfectionism and procrastination in an academic setting was therefore examined in the current study, with results supporting the mediation effect. The implication is that those students with perfectionistic attributes can be helped to control some of the negative outcomes (such as procrastination) by developing skills in psychological capital. How this might work is discussed. Further detailed studies are needed including replication and identification of other mediators.
Mental Optometry: The Mind’s Eye, You Go Where You’re Looking
Authors: Barclay Timothy H. , Richards Scott , Suddreth Caleb , Strasshofer Joseph , Shier Lauren , Smyth Alex , Novak Danielle 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe term,Mental Optometry, is newly developed concept that can be used to describe the interplay between mind, brain, and sensory interpretations. Taken from the premise of behavioral optometry and research explaining body orientation to physical field of vision, what we see or perceive with our mind’s eye, emotions and behaviors will also follow in the same manner. While not explicitly referred to in such a manner, cognitive, cognitive behavioral, and cognitive bias formation theories imply such a concept as being foundational to their systems. Mental Optometry arms the theorist and practitioner with a neurobiological empowered understanding of mood, emotion, thought, and interpretations of visual stimuli such that therapeutic interventions can be developed to assist patients in recognizing and altering skewed interpretations of what they think they see (the mind’s eye) – imagery that may deleteriously support negative cognitions leading to negative mood states.
Coupling of Adaptive Element Free Galerkin Method with Variational Multiscale Method for Two-Dimensional Transient Heat Conduction Problem
Authors: Liew Siaw-Ching , Yeak Su-Hoe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the coupling of adaptive element free Galerkin method (EFGM) with variational multiscale method is developed to solve two-dimensional transient heat conduction problem. The EFGM is chosen to combine with the adaptive analysis since this method only use a set of particles to generate the discrete equations instead of mesh construction as in finite element method (FEM). This property makes additional nodes can be easily inserted at the high gradient regions to improve the numerical results. The refinement criteria and refinement strategy will be clearly shown for the adaptive analysis procedure. The performance of this coupling method is first validated by solving two-dimensional large localized gradient problem with available theoretical solutions. Next, this method will also be used to solve two-dimensional transient heat conduction problem. The accuracy and efficiency of the method is demonstrated by comparing the results between conventional EFGM and the proposed method. The results obtained show that this method is able to produce higher accuracy results compared with the standard element free Galerkin method.
Silent Phase of Johne’s Disease in Experimentally Infected Goats – A Study on New and Established Diagnostic Approaches Using Specific and Non-Specific Parameters
Authors: Fletcher Darcy M. , Vogt Megan B. , Genis Allison B. , Meyer Stephen K. , Pirner Hannah E. , Hayes Madeline M. , Henao-Tamayo Marcela , Hess Ann M. , Bowen Richard A. , Eckstein Torsten M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe current gold standard diagnostic test for Johne’s disease (JD) is detectingMycobacterium aviumsubsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) from fecal samples via culture and/or PCR. Other commercially available JD diagnostic tests focus on the detection of specific antibodies within the serum or milk of infected ruminants. These tests have a high specificity but low their sensitivity and usually fail to diagnose the disease until later stages of the disease. The ideal diagnostic test should detect infected animals already during the silent phase. Here, we evaluate the use of new and established approaches to define the silent phase of JD in experimentally infected goats. None of the established diagnostic tests or new approaches for the detection of humoral and cellular immune responses were positive during the first year of infection. Only the characterization of various subsets of peripheral blood leukocytes and the weight development gave some indication for the presence of a chronic, but silent, infection. Weight differences were present throughout the first year. In addition, some of the subsets of leukocytes (WC1+γδ T cells, MHC class II+leukocytes, CD1+leukocytes, CD14+granulocytes, and CD14+/MHC class II+granulocytes) demonstrated significant differences, but only at certain time points.
Reproductive Performances and Management Effects on Productions of Indigenous Dairy Cows Raised at Char Areas in Northern Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Faruk , Bari Farida Yeasmin , Alam Golam Shahi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe study was conducted to assess the existing reproductive performances and the effect of nutritional supplementation on productions of indigenous cows in Char areas (remote river Jamuna sand islands) in northern part of Bangladesh from October 2009 to March 2010. The study also projected the frequency and determinants of long calving interval (LCI), retention of foetal membrane (RFM), dystocia (D), and abortion (A) in indigenous cattle and explored production trends. Fifty seven dairy households (average breedable cows = 2, range 1 to 3) were visited and data on reproductive, breeding and management histories were collected and statistically analyzed. Overall, 125 breedable indigenous cows were observed to be alive at different stages. The mean (±SE) calving interval were 492 ± 15days and the interval between calving and the initiation of ovarian activity were 143 ± 6.7 days. Birth rate was 53.7 per 100 cows year, with birth been reported to occur in all over of the year. Of the 87 cows that were reported to have calved more than once in their lifetime, 6(6.9%) and 5(5.7%) were associated with abortion and dystocia, respectively. Eight (9.2%) of the animals suffered RFM. All cows were dewormed and supplemented with vitamin-mineral premixes. The body weight of 125 cows and the milk yield of 71 lactating cows were recorded. The mean (± SD) body weight and daily milk yields of the cows during initial and end of veterinary interventions were 121.1 ± 21.0 kg, 1.5 ± 0.1 litres; 165.0 ± 14.0kg and 2.3 ± 0.02 litres, respectively. After productive veterinary interventions, there was an apparent effect of improved health on body weight gain (80g/cow/day) and the average milk yield increased from 1.5 to 2.3 litre/cow. It was concluded that, the present estimate of LCI, birth rate, prevalence of peripartum disorders attributes as the indicators of poor reproductive performances of cows and the productive veterinary health care services improved the general health and production status of the dairy cows in char areas.
The Ontology and Developmental Root Of the First-Person Perspective
Authors: Arici Murat , Toy Pınar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMany philosophers take for granted the distinction between the first-person and third-person perspectives. They employ this distinction in a variety of philosophical debates including those concerning self-consciousness, phenomenal properties, subjectivity of phenomenal consciousness, and conceivability issues. This paper aims to explore the developmental root of the distinction in question. Through several analyses, the paper attempts to show that infants in the early childhood are exposed to cognitive, behavioral and experiential processes that are constitutive of the first-person perspective. The striking conclusion that can be derived from the analyses is that the first-person perspective is not possessed inborn. Rather, it gradually develops through certain experiential processes and interaction with other human infants in the early childhood. This potentially implies that if conditions had been properly designed, infants would have possessed an “inter-subjective self” that lacks the first-person perspective as we traditionally know. The paper additionally hints that serious philosophical consequences occur if the above conclusion is true.
Explicating Curiosity via Uncertainty and Interest, Augmented with Open-Mindedness
Authors: Far Ali 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to raise a challenge to Ilhan Inan’s claim (2013) that an agent’s curiosity ceases when the agent is firmly certain about the object of curiosity that is of interest to him, and to supplement his account by appealing to an aspect of curiosity that Inan overlooks substantively: open-mindedness. To achieve this objective, I first provide a brief summary of Inan’s claim that an agent’s curiosity is directly proportional to his interest and uncertainty, and inversely proportional to evidence and belief. Second, I discuss my objection to an aspect of Inan’s claim that firm certainty and (high) interest yields no curiosity. In ordinary enquiries or cases of propositional curiosity (e.g., whether questions), Inan’s claim that firm certainty extinguishes curiosity is convincing. However, there can be objectual curiosity cases (e.g., what questions) where Inan’s claim may not be sufficient. Moreover, in many academic enquiries, a scientist may remain motivated to expend extra epistemic and cognitive capital, despite his firm certainty about his once imaginable aspects of the object of curiosity, for the sake of unimaginable possibilities. Fueled by his continued curiosity, it is not uncommon for a scientist to take self-initiatives and reconsider propositions he was once certain about. Based on his past experiences, he might have learned that certainty is generally impermanent and does not always last forever, which could keep his curiosity and hence the possibility of discovering more truths alive. Third, I present a number of rebuttals to my objection and show how they fall short of supporting Inan’s account including the role of other feelings such as fear and anxiety about losing face, and knowing but being subjectively uncertain, which may motivate continued curiosity even when the agent is firmly certain. Fourth, I suggest an alternative view by adding open-mindedness to Inan’s curiosity formulation that could help exculpate my objection. Instead of Inan’s proposition, I suggest that one can remain curious about an objective he is interested in, despite being certain about it, when he is open-minded. (Baehr, 2012) Open-mindedness is a facilitating virtue and an activity that is a cognitive moving beyond or transcending of the person’s doxastic commitments, thus facilitating curiosity. Open-mindedness assists in keeping the agent’s interest and uncertainty alive, and helps freeing the mind beyond default beliefs and binds of certainty.
Qualitative and Quantitative Means of Production of Biogas from Biodegradable Waste (Cow Dung) for Sustainable Energy
Authors: Gift Ibeh Adaugo , Onyinyechi Ozokonkwo 
Published: August 2023

Aims: This study was carried out by analyzing the quantitative and qualitative of the biogas produced from cow dung by degrading mechanism. 32L of bioreactors was used for the study.
Methodology: The bioreactors were constructed to imitate the fixed batch prototype. The study lasted for 30 days and it was carried out at the National Centre for Energy Research and Development, University of Nigeria,Nsukka. Slurry was prepared in bioreactors. The substrates in the bioreactors were water and cow dung (intestinal and abdominal waste). The pH, the total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) characteristics of the substrate before and after digestion were determined using standard method. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of biogas production was by liquid displacement and gas Analyzer methods
Results: The results of the TS, VS and VFA were 400 mg/l, 92mg/l and 16.7 mg/l respectively in the predigested samples and 92 mg/l, 17.4mg/l and 28.3mg/l respectively in the post digested samples. The quantity of biogas produced at the first week was 8.5liters, 7.5litre and 6.1liter from the 4th day, 5th day and 8th days. The qualitative analysis showed that the prominent biogas produced was methane.
Conclusion: The results of the research concluded that high quantity of biogas can be produced using cow dung. Approaches and technology for more efficient biogas producing consortia are proposed.