bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility for the preparation of aerogels with celluloses extracted mildly from waste palm leaves
Authors: Chen Rui , Hou Yi , Zhang Jinchao , Cui Jianxiang , Li Guangsheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Reasonable use and disposal of agricultural and forestry wastes become an urgent focus of attention with the dangers of pollution and squandering. In this paper, palm leaves, a typical kind of cellulose-rich agricultural and forestry waste, were attempted to prepare high-valued porous aerogels with cellulose by a short and mild extraction followed by the process of cross-linking with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Bruno-Emmett-Teller (BET), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were applied to examine their structures, chemical composition, and performance compared with hardwood cellulose aerogels. The results showed that palm leaf cellulose could be extracted friendly under mild extraction of 5% NaOH solution for 7 h, following 10% H2O2 solution for 8 h at 80 °C, which inhibits effectively the alkaline hydrolysis of cellulose with the extraction rate of 35.25%, the cellulose purity of 87.12%, and crystallinity of 69.9%. Compared with hardwood cellulose aerogel, the prepared environmentally friendly and recyclable palm leaf cellulose aerogel is a promising application material with similar ultra-low density, high porosity, specific surface area, thermal stability, and better compression resilience, which provides a new technical direction for the high-value application of agricultural and forestry wastes.
An experimental investigation and machine learning-based prediction for seismic performance of steel tubular column filled with recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Tang Yunchao , Wang Yufei , Wu Dongxiao , Liu Zhonghe , Zhang Hexin , Zhu Ming , Chen Zheng , Sun Junbo , Wang Xiangyu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This work presents the design and application of a low-cycle reciprocating loading test on 23 recycled aggregate concrete-filled steel tube columns and 3 ordinary concrete-filled steel tube columns. Additionally, a systematic study on the influence of various parameters (e.g., slenderness ratio, axial compression ratio, etc.) was conducted on the seismic performance of the specimens. The results show that all the specimens have good hysteresis performance and a similar development trend of skeleton curve. The influence of slenderness ratio on the seismic index of the specimens is more significant than that of the axial compression ratio and the steel pipe wall thickness. Furthermore, artificial intelligence was applied to estimate the influence of parameter variation on the seismic performance of concrete columns. Specifically, Random Forest with hyperparameters tuned by Firefly Algorithm was chosen. The high correlation coefficients (R) and low root mean square error values from the prediction results showed acceptable accuracy. In addition, sensitivity analysis was applied to rank the influence of the aforementioned input variables on the seismic performance of the specimens. The research results can provide experimental reference for the application of steel tube recycled concrete in earthquake areas.
Automated Image Analysis Reveals Different Localization of Synaptic Gephyrin C4 Splice Variants
Authors: Liebsch Filip , Eggersmann Fynn R. , Merkler Yvonne , Kloppenburg Peter , Schwarz Günter 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPostsynaptic scaffolding proteins function as central organization hubs, ensuring the synaptic localization of neurotransmitter receptors, trans-synaptic adhesion proteins, and signaling molecules. Gephyrin is the major postsynaptic scaffolding protein at glycinergic and a subset of GABAergic inhibitory synapses. In contrast to cells outside the CNS, where one gephyrin isoform is predominantly expressed, neurons express different splice variants. In this study, we characterized the expression and scaffolding of neuronal gephyrin isoforms differing in the inclusion of the C4 cassettes located in the central C-domain. In hippocampal and cortical neuronal populations, gephyrin P1, lacking additional cassettes, is the most abundantly expressed isoform. In addition, alternative splicing generated isoforms carrying predominantly C4a, and minor amounts of C4c or C4d cassettes. We detected no striking difference in C4 isoform expression between different neuron types and a single neuron can likely express all C4 isoforms. To avoid the cytosolic aggregates that are commonly observed upon exogenous gephyrin expression, we used adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated expression to analyze the scaffolding behavior of individual C4 isoforms in murine dissociated hippocampal glutamatergic neurons. While all isoforms showed similar clustering at GABAergic synapses, a thorough quantitative analysis revealed localization differences for the C4c isoform (also known as P2). Specifically, synaptic C4c isoform clusters showed a more distal dendritic localization and reduced occurrence at P1-predominating synapses. Additionally, inhibitory currents displayed faster decay kinetics in the presence of gephyrin C4c compared with P1. Therefore, inhibitory synapse heterogeneity may be influenced, at least in part, by mechanisms relating to C4 cassette splicing.
Decomposing Neural Representational Patterns of Discriminatory and Hedonic Information during Somatosensory Stimulation
Authors: Kryklywy James H. , Ehlers Mana R. , Beukers Andre O. , Moore Sarah R. , Todd Rebecca M. , Anderson Adam K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe ability to interrogate specific representations in the brain, determining how, and where, difference sources of information are instantiated can provide invaluable insight into neural functioning. Pattern component modeling (PCM) is a recent analytic technique for human neuroimaging that allows the decomposition of representational patterns in brain into contributing subcomponents. In the current study, we present a novel PCM variant that tracks the contribution of prespecified representational patterns to brain representation across areas, thus allowing hypothesis-guided employment of the technique. We apply this technique to investigate the contributions of hedonic and nonhedonic information to the neural representation of tactile experience. We applied aversive pressure (AP) and appetitive brush (AB) to stimulate distinct peripheral nerve pathways for tactile information (C-/CT-fibers, respectively) while patients underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. We performed representational similarity analyses (RSAs) with pattern component modeling to dissociate how discriminatory versus hedonic tactile information contributes to population code representations in the human brain. Results demonstrated that information about appetitive and aversive tactile sensation is represented separately from nonhedonic tactile information across cortical structures. This also demonstrates the potential of new hypothesis-guided PCM variants to help delineate how information is instantiated in the brain.
Selection of the End-Expiratory Pressure for Mechanical Respiratory Support (Review)
Authors: Ovsiannikov R. Y. , Lebedinskii K. M. 
Published: December 2022

End-expiratory pressure remains one of the few parameters of mechanical respiratory support whose values have not been strictly regulated using the evidence-based approach. The absence of «gold standard» for end-expiratory pressure optimization together with its obvious significant contribution to the efficiency and safety of respiratory support has driven the search for the optimal method of choosing its values for several decades.Aim of the review: to identify the optimal methods for determining the values of end-expiratory pressure based on the analysis of its positive and negative effects in the used strategies of mechanical respiratory support.Material and methods. We analyzed 165 papers from the PubMed, Scopus, and RSCI databases of medical and biological publications. Among them we selected 86 sources that most completely covered the following subjects: respiratory support, end-expiratory pressure, recruitment, ventilation-perfusion relationships, metabolography, and gas analysis.Results.We outlined the main positive and negative effects of the end-expiratory pressure with regard to both lung biomechanical characteristics and pulmonary perfusion. The evolution of views on the methods of determining optimal values of the end-expiratory pressure was reviewed with the emphasis on a certain «fixation» of the scientific community in recent decades concerning the opening of the alveoli. The promising techniques based on the analysis of the diffusion capacity of the lungs were presented.Conclusion.Focusing on mechanical lung opening prevents the scientific community from advancing in the optimization of the end-expiratory pressure. Dynamic assessment of pulmonary diffusion efficiency provides a new perspective on the issue, offering additional ways to the development of «gold standard».
Mental and Pedagogical Techniques in Teaching Children with Special Educational Needs: Neuropedagogical Aspect
Authors: Mudryk Olena , Ivakhnenko Anna , Odynchenko Larysa , Dmytriieva Irina , Ivanenko Alina , Shelever Oksana 
Published: December 2022

The relevance of the topic is in characterizing the neuropedagogical aspect of mental and pedagogical techniques in teaching children with special educational needs. The article contains the theoretical analysis of the elaborations on this topic, the definition of the concept «inclusive education», the chief principles of teaching students with limited capabilities; the neuropedagogical aspect of mental and pedagogical techniques in teaching children with special educational needs. The understanding of the concept of inclusive education has been studied, the literary sources on this topic have been summarized. On the basis of the findings it has been concluded that it is essential to critically review traditional approaches in the neuropedagogical aspect of mental and pedagogical techniques in teaching children with special educational needs. The author of the article remarks that in the context of vocational training for teachers' educational activity there might be efficient the techniques of teaching children with special educational needs, contributing to the better integration of children with special educational needs into the educational process. The system forming foundation of the inclusion is the postulate of acknowledging the capabilities of each student. Consequently, educational process must be arranged so that fully reveal the educational needs of each child.
Memobłędy jako forma ekspresji językowej internautów
Authors: Boch Martyna , Doboszyńska-Markiewicz Katarzyna 
Published: December 2022

Artykuł ukazuje memobłędy jako funkcjonalne odstępstwa od normy językowej na różnych jej poziomach — ortograficznym, ortofonicznym, fleksyjnym, składniowym i słowotwórczym. Internauci tworzą tego typu wyrażenia jako narzędzie zjadliwej krytyki znanych osób lub grup społecznych, lecz także po to, aby przekazać trudne do wyrażenia w komunikacji pośredniej stany emocjonalne (np. nieszkodliwą zazdrość za pomocą słowa zazdraszczam). Memobłędy mogą być uznawane za odrębne memy kultury (w rozumieniu Dawkinsa), ponieważ przejawiają takie ich cechy, jak zaraźliwość, dialogiczność czy hiperbolizacja rzeczywistości. Niektóre opuszczają memosferę i przedostają się do potocznego języka mówionego (np. madka, ten uczuć, odzobaczyć), nie stanowią jednak większego zagrożenia dla jego poprawności.
UTILIZATION OF TELEHEALTH IN MIDWIFERY SERVICES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Algifnita Avina Oktaviani , Diah Wittiarika Ivon 
Published: December 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on midwifery services, especially in Midwife Self-Practice. The government, Dinas Kesehatan, and professional organizations released many health protocols, urging all activities at home as well as regional restrictions to limit the spread of COVID-19. This leads to a slowdown in access to health services, especially midwifery. Telehealth services are recommended by the government and must be implemented in every health facility to strive to improve the quality of health. Midwives are one of the vanguards in and in maternal and child health services that can utilize telehealth in their services in Midwife Self-Practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To analyze the influence of telehealth utilization in midwifery services during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Method: A qualitative phenomenology with data collection method through a semi-structured in-depth interview conducted in March-April 2021 at The Midwife Independent Practice in Surabaya. The study participants were midwives who owned The Independent Practice of Midwives using purposive sampling techniques. Result: During the COVID-19 pandemic, two themes were obtained, namely the utilization of telehealth and the influence of telehealth in obstetric services. Conclusion: Midwives believe that there is a positive influence in the use of telehealth, in addition to being profitable, it can also be used as an alternative in midwifery services during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: Health Policy, Telehealth, Maternal Health, COVID-19
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO PULMONARY TB TREATMENT LOST TO FOLLOW-UP IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: OPPERMAN Monique , DU PREEZ Ilse 
Published: December 2022

Background: Despite the available treatment options, pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of disease-related deaths worldwide. Treatment non-adherence/lost to follow-up (LTFU), particularly in developing countries, is a continuous concern. LTFU prolongs TB infectiousness and contributes to TB treatment failure, relapse, and death. Furthermore, LTFU also delays global TB eradication by promoting TB spread and drug-resistant TB strain development. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the commonly observed risk factors associated with TB treatment LTFU in developing countries. Materials and Methods: A literature survey was done of studies published in the past decade, which evaluated the risk factors for LTFU in TB patients, specifically in developing countries. Results: Several variables, including socio-demographic, patient-related, TB disease and other health-related-factors, healthcare and system determinants, as well as treatment-related factors, were identified to increase the risk of TB treatment LTFU. More recently applied adherence interventions in developing countries, show potential for implementation on a larger scale. Conclusion: Successful TB treatment is contingent on treatment adherence, and by addressing these persisting LTFU risk factors, treatment adherence in developing countries may be improved.
Generalized Models for the Field Assessment of Drilling Fluid Viscoelasticity
Authors: Chen Hongbo , Okesanya Temi , Kuru Ergun , Heath Garett , Hadley Dylan 
Published: December 2022

Summary
Recent studies highlight the significant role of drilling fluid elasticity in particle suspension and hole cleaning during drilling operations. Traditional methods to quantify fluid elasticity require the use of advanced rheometers, which are not suitable for field applications. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the factors influencing drilling fluid viscoelasticity in the field and develop generalized models for determining the viscoelasticity of a drilling fluid using standard field testing equipment.
Ninety-three fluid formulations used in this study included field samples of oil-based drilling fluids as well as laboratory samples of water-based, invert emulsion and other oil-based fluids. Basic rheological characterizations of these fluids were done by using a funnel viscometer and a rotational viscometer. Elastic properties of the drilling fluids (quantified in terms of the energy required to cause an irreversible deformation in the fluid’s structure) were obtained from oscillatory tests conducted by using a research-grade rheometer with double gap concentric cylinder geometry. Using an empirical approach, two noniterative models for quantifying drilling fluid elasticity were developed (one for unweighted and the other for weighted drilling fluids) by correlating test results from a funnel viscometer and a rotational viscometer to energy required to cause an irreversible deformation of the fluid’s elastic structure.
The generalized models for the unweighted and weighted viscoelastic drilling fluids were able to predict the elasticity of drilling fluids with a mean absolute error of 4.67 and 5.28%, respectively. In addition, the models offer practical versatility by requiring only standard drilling fluid testing equipment to predict viscoelasticity. Experimental results showed that nonaqueous fluid viscoelasticity is inversely proportional to the oil-water ratio (OWR), and the presence of clay greatly debilitates the elasticity of the drilling fluids while enhancing their viscosity.
In this paper, we present models for estimating unweighted and weighted drilling fluid elasticity using standard drilling fluid field testing equipment. Furthermore, we proposed a prudent approach for quantifying the viscoelastic property of a drilling fluid by measuring the amount of energy required to irreversibly deform a unit volume of viscoelastic fluid. The new models, combined with the recommended use of the energy dissipation (ED) concept, provide practical tools that can be used for developing optimum drilling fluid formulations and hydraulic programs for effective hole cleaning operations, improved equivalent circulating density (ECD) management, and mitigating barite sag problems.
Field Features Do Not Explain Greenfield Production Forecasting Bias
Authors: Nesvold E. , Bratvold R. B. 
Published: December 2022

Summary
Over the past years, it has become clear that greenfield oil production forecasts are subject to strong optimism and overprecision biases: Significant early production shortfalls are the rule rather than the exception and the elicited uncertainty range is generally too narrow. This has large negative consequences for the net present valuation of such investments. A study from 2011 based on post-factum evaluation of greenfield production forecasts suggests that there is a causal relationship between certain project/field characteristics and production attainment (i.e., optimism bias). However, while self-reported causes of failure may provide interesting insights, such analyses are subject to cognitive hindsight bias. It is therefore necessary to test such claims more rigorously. Research on megaprojects in other industries suggests that forecasting bias is omnipresent but is stronger in certain circumstances (e.g., information and communication technology projects are subject to larger cost overruns than road construction projects). An important question is therefore whether there are combinations of field characteristics/features which can be measured objectively, such as field size, reservoir complexity, oil prices, and lack of drillstem tests (DSTs), etc., and which can be shown to have predictive power of overly optimistic and overconfident production forecasts.
The data set in this study consists of 71 greenfield oil production forecasts at project sanction on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS), with production starting between 1995 and 2020. Each forecast consists of a triplet of production curves which represent the statistical p10, the expectation, and the statistical p90. The forecasts are compared with actual production data. Metadata about the fields gathered from the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) are used to establish 16 informative field features, from field reserves to the number of appraisal wells per unit area. These features are tested for predictive power, both individually and simultaneously, of optimism bias and of a general forecast quality metric.
First, we show that value erosion caused by time overruns and production shortfalls are both significant, but that the relative importance of effects after production start is higher. Second, none of the tested machine learning models show any predictive power of forecasting bias. Because of this systematic presence of bias in the production forecasts, we argue that oil and gas companies need to make important changes to their decision-making workflows to take into account well-documented research findings on cognitive and organizational bias from the past decades, instead of the ever-increasing model complexity. Illustratively, as a final point, we show that a no-skills-involved reference class forecast based on empirical production curves from abandoned fields outperforms operators’ own greenfield forecasts. This approach may perhaps serve as a useful benchmark for future forecasts.
Laws of high-pressure phase and nanostructure evolution and severe plastic flow
Authors: Lin Feng , Levitas Valery , Pandey Krishan , Yesudhas Sorb , Park Changyong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Study of the plastic flow, strain-induced phase transformations (PTs), and nanostructure evolution under high pressure is important for producing new nanostructured phases and understanding physical processes. However, these processes depend on an unlimited combination of five plastic strain components and an entire strain path with no hope of fully comprehending. Here, we introduce the rough diamond anvils (rough-DA) to reach maximum friction equal to the yield strength in shear, which allows determination of pressure-dependent yield strength. We apply rough-DA to compression of severely pre-deformed Zr. We found in situ that after severe straining, crystallite size and dislocation density of α and ω-Zr are getting pressure-, strain- and strain-path-independent, reach steady values before and after PT, and depend solely on the volume fraction of ω-Zr during PT. Immediately after completing PT, ω-Zr behaves like perfectly plastic, isotropic, and strain-path-independent. Rough-DA produces a steady nanostructure in α-Zr with lower crystallite size and larger dislocation density than smooth diamonds. This leads to a record minimum pressure (0.67 GPa) for α-ω PT. Kinetics of strain-induced PT, in addition to plastic strain, unexpectedly depends on time. The obtained results significantly enrich the fundamental understanding of plasticity, PTs, and nanostructure, and create new opportunities in material design, synthesis, and processing of nanostructured materials by coupling severe plastic deformations and PT at low pressure.