bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reference Correlations of the Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity of 1-Hexene from the Triple Point to High Temperatures and Pressures
Authors: Sotiriadou Sofia , Ntonti Eleftheria , Assael Marc J. , Huber Marcia L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper presents new wide-ranging correlations for the viscosity and thermal conductivity of 1-hexene based on critically evaluated experimental data. The viscosity correlation is valid from the triple point to 580 K and up to 245 MPa pressure, while the thermal conductivity is valid from the triple point to 620 K and 200 MPa pressure. Both correlations are designed to be used with a recently published equation of state that extends from the triple point to 535 K, at pressures up to 245 MPa. The estimated uncertainty (at a 95 % confidence level) for the viscosity is 2 % for the low-density gas (pressures below 0.5 MPa), and 4.8 % over the rest of the range of application. For thermal conductivity, the expanded uncertainty is estimated to be 3 % for the low-density gas and 4 % over the rest of the range.
The use of radon as a tracer for air quality assessment: a case study in Bratislava, Slovakia
Authors: Sultani Mohammad Alem , Bulko Martin , Holý Karol , Müllerová Monika , Masarik Jozef , Tonhauzer Peter , Helej Markus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAir quality in urban areas is mainly controlled by emission sources and dispersion conditions. The mixing layer height (MLH) within which the pollutants are dispersed plays an important role in air pollution assessment. In this study, the MLH was determined based on the daily radon flux obtained from the European radon flux map and outdoor radon concentration measured in Bratislava, Slovakia. The radon-based MLH was compared with the boundary layer height obtained from the ERA-5 reanalysis dataset, showing good agreement. Using the Sturges grouping method and regression analysis, radon-based MLH showed significant correlations with the concentration of various atmospheric pollutants.
Exploring the effects of pandemics on transportation through correlations and deep learning techniques
Authors: Gamel Samah A. , Hassan Esraa , El-Rashidy Nora , Talaat Fatma M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on human migration worldwide, affecting transportation patterns in cities. Many cities have issued "stay-at-home" orders during the outbreak, causing commuters to change their usual modes of transportation. For example, some transit/bus passengers have switched to driving or car-sharing. As a result, urban traffic congestion patterns have changed dramatically, and understanding these changes is crucial for effective emergency traffic management and control efforts. While previous studies have focused on natural disasters or major accidents, only a few have examined pandemic-related traffic congestion patterns. This paper uses correlations and machine learning techniques to analyze the relationship between COVID-19 and transportation. The authors simulated traffic models for five different networks and proposed a Traffic Prediction Technique (TPT), which includes an Impact Calculation Methodology that uses Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Linear Regression, as well as a Traffic Prediction Module (TPM). The paper's main contribution is the introduction of the TPM, which uses Convolutional Neural Network to predict the impact of COVID-19 on transportation. The results indicate a strong correlation between the spread of COVID-19 and transportation patterns, and the CNN has a high accuracy rate in predicting these impacts.
Ethnic-Racial Socialization, Teacher Discrimination, and Black Youth’s School Engagement and Achievement
Authors: Lambert Sharon F. , Saleem Farzana T. , Liu Chang , Rose Theda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEthnic-racial socialization is one strategy Black parents use to support their children’s school engagement and academic achievement given the occurrence and toxic effects of discrimination. Egalitarianism and preparation for bias socialization messages have yielded mixed evidence of promotive and protective effects for Black youth's school outcomes, and effects may vary according to ethnicity. Thus, this research examined associations between ethnic-racial socialization messages and school engagement and achievement, and whether these messages protected against teacher discrimination effects on academic achievement transmitted through school engagement, among a nationally representative sample of Black adolescents who participated in the National Survey of American Life Adolescent supplement study. Ethnic-racial socialization message content and the frequency of communication about race demonstrated different associations with engagement (i.e., school bonding, aspiration-expectation discrepancy, and disciplinary actions) and achievement (i.e., grades) for African American and Caribbean Black youth. However, the benefits were not sufficient to combat the adverse effects of teacher discrimination on school engagement and, in turn, achievement. These findings highlight the utility of integrating ethnic-racial socialization into prevention programs to support Black youth’s school experiences; demonstrate the importance of attention to heterogeneity within Black youth; and underscore the critical need for prevention programs to address teacher discrimination.
Assessing micro- vs macro-costing approaches for treating appendicitis in children with appendicectomy or non-operatively
Authors: Chorozoglou Maria , Reading Isabel , Eaton Simon , Naqvi Shehryer , Pardy Caroline , Sloan Keren , Major Christina , Demellweek Natasha , Hall Nigel J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives
We conducted a health economic sub-study within a feasibility RCT comparing a non-operative treatment pathway as an alternative to appendicectomy for the treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis in children. The objectives were to understand and assess data collection tools and methods and to determine indicative costs and benefits assessing the feasibility of conducting a full economic evaluation within the definitive trial.

Methods
We compared different methods of estimating treatment costs including micro-costing, hospital administrative data (PLICS) and health system (NHS) reference costs. We compared two different HRQoL instruments (CHU-9D and EQ-5D-5L) in terms of data completeness and sensitivity to change over time, including potential ceiling effects. We also explored how the timing of data collection and duration of the analysis could affect QALYs (Quality Adjusted Life Years) and the results of the cost-utility analysis (CUA) within the future RCT.

Results
Using a micro-costing approach, the total per treatment costs were in alignment with hospital administrative data (PLICS). Average health system reference cost data (macro-costing using NHS costs) could potentially underestimate these treatment costs, particularly for non-operative treatment. Costs incurred following hospital discharge in the primary care setting were minimal, and limited family borne costs were reported by parents/carers. While both HRQoL instruments performed relatively well, our results highlight the problem of ceiling effect and the importance of the timing of data collection and the duration of the analysis in any future assessment using QALYs and CUA.

Conclusions
We highlighted the importance of obtaining accurate individual-patient cost data when conducting economic evaluations. Our results suggest that timing of data collection and duration of the assessment are important considerations when evaluating cost-effectiveness and reporting cost per QALY.

Clinical trial registration
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN15830435.
Body Shame in 7–12-Year-Old Girls and Boys: The Role of Parental Attention to Children’s Appearance
Authors: Pecini Chiara , Di Bernardo Gian Antonio , Crapolicchio Eleonora , Vezzali Loris , Andrighetto Luca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGuided by the Tripartite Influence Model and Objectification Theory, we examined whether parents’ attention to their children’s appearance was related to higher body shame in girls and boys. In Study 1 (N = 195) and 2 (N = 163), we investigated 7-12-year-old children’s metaperceptions about parents’ attention to their appearance and its association with children’s body shame. In Study 3, we examined the link between parents’ self-reported attention to their children’s appearance and children’s body shame among parent-child triads (N = 70). Results demonstrated that both children’s metaperceptions and fathers’ self-reported attention to children’s appearance were associated with body shame in children. Furthermore, when mothers’ and fathers’ attitudes toward their children were analyzed simultaneously, only fathers’ attention to their children’s appearance was associated with greater body shame in girls and boys. Notably, no gender differences emerged, suggesting that parents’ attention to their children’s appearance was not differentially related to body shame in girls and boys. These results remained significant when controlling for other sources of influence, namely peer and media influence, both of which were found to have a strong association with body shame in children. Theoretical and practical implications of our findings are discussed.
Simplifying non-contiguous data transfer with MPI for Python
Authors: Nölp Klaus , Oden Lena 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPython is becoming increasingly popular in scientific computing. The package MPI for Python (mpi4py) allows writing efficient parallel programs that scale across multiple nodes. However, it does not support non-contiguous data via slices, which is a well-known feature of NumPy. In this work, we therefore evaluate several methods to support the direct transfer of non-contiguous arrays in mpi4py. This significantly simplifies the code, while the performance basically stays the same. In a PingPong-, Stencil- and Lattice-Boltzmann-Benchmark, we compare the common manual copying, a NumPy-Copy design and a design that is based on MPI derived datatypes. In one case, the MPI derived datatype design could achieve a speedup of 15% in a Stencil-Benchmark on four compute nodes. Our designs are superior to naive manual copies, but for maximum performance manual copies with pre-allocated buffers or MPI persistent communication will be a better choice.
Towards automated detection of hyperhydricity in plant in vitro culture
Authors: Bethge Hans , Mohammadi Nakhjiri Zahra , Rath Thomas , Winkelmann Traud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHyperhydricity (HH) is one of the most important physiological disorders that negatively affects various plant tissue culture techniques. The objective of this study was to characterize optical features to allow an automated detection of HH. For this purpose, HH was induced in two plant species, apple and Arabidopsis thaliana, and the severity was quantified based on visual scoring and determination of apoplastic liquid volume. The comparison between the HH score and the apoplastic liquid volume revealed a significant correlation, but different response dynamics. Corresponding leaf reflectance spectra were collected and different approaches of spectral analyses were evaluated for their ability to identify HH-specific wavelengths. Statistical analysis of raw spectra showed significantly lower reflection of hyperhydric leaves in the VIS, NIR and SWIR region. Application of the continuum removal hull method to raw spectra identified HH-specific absorption features over time and major absorption peaks at 980 nm, 1150 nm, 1400 nm, 1520 nm, 1780 nm and 1930 nm for the various conducted experiments. Machine learning (ML) model spot checking specified the support vector machine to be most suited for classification of hyperhydric explants, with a test accuracy of 85% outperforming traditional classification via vegetation index with 63% test accuracy and the other ML models tested. Investigations on the predictor importance revealed 1950 nm, 1445 nm in SWIR region and 415 nm in the VIS region to be most important for classification. The validity of the developed spectral classifier was tested on an available hyperspectral image acquisition in the SWIR-region.
Nonparametric tests for semiparametric regression models
Authors: Ferraccioli Federico , Sangalli Laura M. , Finos Livio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSemiparametric regression models have received considerable attention over the last decades, because of their flexibility and their good finite sample performances. Here we propose an innovative nonparametric test for the linear part of the models, based on random sign-flipping of an appropriate transformation of the residuals, that exploits a spectral decomposition of the residualizing matrix associated with the nonparametric part of the model. The test can be applied to a vast class of extensively used semiparametric regression models with roughness penalties, with nonparametric components defined over one-dimensional, as well as over multi-dimensional domains, including, for instance, models based on univariate or multivariate splines. We prove the good asymptotic properties of the proposed test. Moreover, by means of extensive simulation studies, we show the superiority of the proposed test with respect to current parametric alternatives, demonstrating its excellent control of the Type I error, accompanied by a good power, even in challenging data scenarios, where instead current parametric alternatives fail.
Conquering New Frontiers: The Effect of Vegetation Establishment and Environmental Interactions on the Expansion of Tidal Marsh Systems
Authors: Steinigeweg Charlotte S. , Paul Maike , Kleyer Michael , Schröder Boris 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTidal marshes are dynamic systems whose lateral expansion depends on various biologically, physically, and geomorphologically controlled small- and large-scale feedback networks. Due to the bimodal existence of two landscape states at the tidal marsh edge (vegetated tidal marsh flat and bare tidal flat), and the high wave energy affecting the foremost seaward (pioneer) zone of tidal marshes, plant seedlings face two challenges: 1) successful seed settling and germination or clonal expansion and establishment under non-optimal conditions, and 2) a variety of abiotic stresses after establishment. Modelling and laboratory studies have addressed the reciprocal relationship especially between hydrodynamic and sedimentary forces and vegetation traits and have revealed fundamental mechanisms and feedbacks. Nevertheless, validations of the findings from artificial environments in natural ecosystems are still lacking. In this review, we present the current state of literature to vegetation-abiotic interactions, focusing on the establishment and adaptation of seedlings and propagules and what effect they may have on the prospective evolution of tidal marshes.
BCI–VR-Based Hand Soft Rehabilitation System with Its Applications in Hand Rehabilitation After Stroke
Authors: Gao Nuo , Chen Pengcheng , Liang Lihua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe recovery of hand motor function can effectively improve the living standard of stroke patients and relieve their psychological anxiety. Traditional physical rehabilitation training is unable to target the cause of motor function loss; therefore, the rehabilitation effect is not ideal. The objective of this study is to propose a hand rehabilitation system combining brain–computer interface (BCI), soft hand rehabilitation glove and virtual reality (VR), and explore its effectiveness on hand movement disorders in stroke patients. The corresponding comparison experiments conducted on 11 stroke patients demonstrated that the proposed BCI-based hand rehabilitation system can not only mobilize more cerebral cortex to participate in the process of hand motor rehabilitation, but also enhance the muscle strength, muscle tension, and improve the hand motor dysfunction of stroke patients.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Influence of grey wolf optimization feature selection on gradient boosting machine learning techniques for accurate detection of liver tumor
Authors: Jawarneh Malik , Arias-Gonzáles José Luis , Gandhmal Dattatray P. , Malik Rami Qays , Rane Kantilal Pitambar , Omarov Batyrkhan , Mahapatra Cosmena , Shabaz Mohammad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMalignant growth in liver results in liver tumor. The most common types of liver cancer are primary liver disease and secondary liver disease. Most malignant growths are benign tumors, and the condition they cause, essential liver disease, is the end result. Cancer of the liver is a potentially fatal disease that can only be cured by combining a number of different treatments. Machine learning, feature selection and image processing have the capability to provide a framework for the accurate detection of liver diseases. The processing of images is one of the components that come together to form this group. When utilized for the purpose of reviewing previously recorded visual information, the instrument performs at its highest level of effectiveness. The importance of feature selection on machine learning algorithms for the early and accurate diagnosis of liver tumors is discussed in this article. The input consists of images from a CT scan of the liver. These images are preprocessed by discrete wavelet transform. Discrete wavelet transforms increase resolution by compressing the images. Images are segmented in parts to identify region of interest by K Means algorithm. Features are selected by grey wolf optimization technique. Classification is performed by Gradient boosting, support vector machine and random forest. GWO Gradient boosting is performing better in accurate classification and prediction of liver cancer.
Carotenoid and transcriptome profiles of a novel citrus cultivar ‘Jinlegan’ reveal mechanisms of yellowish fruit formation
Authors: Chen Hongyan , Ji Huiyu , Zhu Shiping , Zhu Kaijie , Ye Junli , Deng Xiuxin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCitrus fruit coloration is one of the vital quality traits that is determined primarily by the composition and content of carotenoids. Natural citrus fruit pigment mutants are available to study diverse and complex carotenoid metabolism. Here, ‘Jinlegan’ (MT) tangor is a spontaneous bud mutant derived from ‘Shiranuhi’ (WT) with distinctive bright yellow fruit. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that the yellowish MT flavedo and pulp were primarily caused by the decrease in total carotenoid content. The total carotenoid content in MT flavedo was reduced by 75% (79.98 μg/g DW) compared with that in WT (318.40 μg/g DW), including approximately 84%, 80%, and 60% reductions in the contents of β-cryptoxanthin, violaxanthin and zeaxanthin, respectively. The total carotenoid content in MT pulp was 60% lower (10.09 μg/g DW) than that in WT pulp (26.61 μg/g DW), which was mainly due to a 70% and 30% decrease in the contents of β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin, respectively. To explore the molecular mechanism underlying carotenoid variation in MT, RNA-seq analyses were performed on the flavedo and pulp of WT and MT at five developmental stages. The reduced expression of phytoene synthase (CrPSY) and β-carotenehydroxylase 1 (CrBCH1) in the flavedo and pulp of MT at the breaker stage might be the major cause of the reduction in carotenoids. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) further identified 23 key transcription factors that are closely associated with carotenoid accumulation. This study demonstrated a comprehensive picture of the metabolic and transcriptional alterations of a unique yellowish citrus fruit mutant, which provides new insights into the molecular regulation of carotenoid accumulation in citrus fruit.
“Dedicated to Serving the Tourist”: Environmental Management, Economic Crisis, and the Pressures of Adriatic Mass Tourism in Socialist Yugoslavia, 1980–1991
Authors: Djordjevski Josef 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article examines how and why mass tourism on the Adriatic coast in the 1980s became such a dominating factor in local societies and environments. As economic crises led to decreased living standards, local municipalities became more dependent on foreign tourism. Also, previous environmental management policies ensured that tourism became entangled with the Adriatic environment, which was heavily transformed by the rapid expansion of tourism.
A multisystem, dimensional interplay of assets versus adversities: Revised benevolent childhood experiences (BCEs) in the context of childhood maltreatment, threat, and deprivation
Authors: Narayan Angela J. , Merrick Jillian S. , Lane Arianna S. , Larson Matthew D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study expanded the Benevolent Childhood Experiences scale (termed the “BCEs-Original” scale) with 10 new multisystem items and identified a subset of items (termed the “BCEs-Revised” scale) that are systematically less commonly reported across samples. Total BCEs-Revised scores were tested against total BCEs-Original scores and three dimensions of childhood adversity (maltreatment, threat, and deprivation) as predictors of young adulthood mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms). Hypotheses expected stronger inverse associations of BCEs-Revised scores than BCEs-Original scores with all mental health problems. Participants were 1,746 U.S. young adults (M = 26.6 years, SD = 4.7, range = 19–35 years; 55.3% female, 42.4% male, 2.3% gender non-conforming; 67.0% White, 10.3% Asian, 8.6% Black, 8.4% Latine, 5.7% other) who completed a 20-item BCEs scale and well-validated instruments on childhood adversities and mental health problems. Compared to BCEs-Original scores, BCEs-Revised scores were significantly more strongly inversely associated with all mental health outcomes. Compared to childhood threat and deprivation, maltreatment was significantly more strongly associated with PTSD symptoms. After controlling for current depression symptoms, BCEs-Revised scores interacted with maltreatment to predict PTSD symptoms. Maltreatment and BCEs-Revised scores also influenced PTSD symptoms in person-oriented analyses. The BCEs-Revised scale has strong psychometric properties and unique strengths in research and practice. Implications for multisystem resilience are discussed.
Wind Tunnel Experiments on Volcaniclastic Dust Emission and Dispersion Initiated by Water Droplet Impact
Authors: Richards‐Thomas Tamar , McKenna Neuman Cheryl 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIceland contains active dust regions within high‐latitude, cold‐climate environments. An abundant supply of particulates <10 μm in diameter (PM10) is available within its extensive glacial outwash plains and through widespread transport and deposition of volcanic ash with hydrophobic tendencies. The climate is notably wetter than dust regions located in hot deserts, so that additional processes governing dust emission must be considered, inclusive of rain splash. Field workers in Iceland report that dust emission events sometimes overlap with precipitation. This study used high‐speed photography in wind tunnel experiments to assess the influence of water droplet impact and wind shear on the detachment and suspension of particulates collected from several active dust source regions within Iceland. Concentrations of PM10 sampled downwind of a single water droplet impact reached values as high as 104 μg m−3 and were positively correlated with increasing wind speed, droplet impact velocity and angle. Our measurements demonstrate that wind shear in a turbulent flow is important for the dispersion of aerosols ejected via water droplet impact from the surface of dry sediment, and that these coincident mechanisms can be highly effective agents of erosion, especially in light winds that are normally incapable of dust entrainment. Foremost, this study provides further evidence of the complexity of dust emission in cold environments and the importance of examining this phenomenon over a wide range of temporal and spatial scale.