bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASYMPTOMATIC DYSREFLEXIA AFTER POSTURAL CHANGES IN AN INCOMPLETE SPINAL CORD INJURY: CONSIDERATIONS FOR EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGISTS
Authors: Wanner Addie , Castillo Camilo , Torres Rachel , de Paleville Daniela Terson 
Published: January 2023

https://youtu.be/Z6gJb7-F5Gw

BACKGROUND
Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a potentially life threatening hypertensive syndrome prevalent among patients with chronic spinal cord injuries (SCI) at spinal segment T6 or above. AD is due to the loss of supraspinal control over sympathetic preganglionic neurons and is triggered by noxious stimuli below the level of injury. The treatment of AD is multifaceted, from conservative management to topical and oral antihypertensive medications. Understanding AD's rapid onset and severity are extremely important for exercise physiologists working with patients with SCI.

CASE PRESENTATION
A 67-year old male with chronic motor incomplete cervical SCI (i.e., ASIA C4 C) and persistent orthostatic hypotension (OH) was enrolled in a study to determine the effects of biofeedback on blood pressure (BP) modulation when an episode of asymptomatic AD occurred. Baseline and resting BP were recorded at 122/82, with a resting mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 96. The BP was continuously monitored using a telemetric device (Caretaker, Charlottesville, VA). Upon positional changes required to measure OH with a tilt table, the participant showed an antagonist response with a sudden increase in BP consistent with AD symptoms, reaching a maximum level of 199/121. The participant was asymptomatic during the AD episode.

CASE MANAGEMENT/OUTCOME
BP returned to baseline levels after the participant was transferred back to a seated position in the wheelchair without using other measurements or medications. The titl test was modified with the participant positioned in a semi supine position (30° incline) and then tilted to approximately 45and remained in this position for 3 minutes.

DISCUSSION
AD is prevalent among people with cervical or upper thoracic SCI, and often the episodes are asymptomatic. As a part of the training routine, many patients with SCI are placed in a supine position for passive stretching and exercising. We are presenting data on this episode of asymptomatic AD due to postural changes to bring awareness to exercise physiologists of this life threatening condition. Trainers should carefully check for signs of AD in this population and measure BP often during the training sessions if a continuous assessment of BP is unavailable. Seated is recommended over a supine or semi-supine position. This could be accomplished by using physical therapy wedge cushions to maintain blood pressure homeostasis.
PATIENT PERSPECTIVES ON THEIR CREAKY KNEES AND THE ROLE OF EXERCISE IN KNEE HEALTH
Authors: Thom Jeanette , Kovats Alexandre , Drum Elise , Jones Matthew , Dennis Sarah , Mills Kathryn , Naylor Justine 
Published: January 2023

https://youtu.be/5FGRE9Cw27Y

BACKGROUND
Osteoarthritis (OA) is highly prevalent worldwide, carrying a significant disease burden. Evidence-based guidelines recommend exercise as a key first-line treatment modality and has been found to aid in prevention of developing OA. However, people still appear to be unsure about undertaking exercise to improve their knee health and this may occur before they have been diagnosed with OA. Knee crepitus may be cause people to negatively modify their exercise behaviours due to concerns of joint degeneration, though this is yet to be fully explored. Thus, the overarching objective of this study is to identify attitudes and beliefs of individuals with knee crepitus. More specifically, we aim to investigate if people have concerns about their crepitus and if they respond to these concerns through behavioural modification and to identify their beliefs regarding the role of exercise in knee health.

METHODS
Adult participants who had knee crepitus, with or without OA, took part in either an online individual semi-structured interview or focus groups to explore their beliefs regarding their crepitus and what effect this may have had on their exercise behaviours. Content analysis from interview transcripts was conducted using an inductive approach (NVivo software).

RESULTS
Twenty-four participants volunteered to be interviewed (mean age 49 years, range 21–69 years, 67% female). Three main themes emerged regarding attitudes and behaviours 1) crepitus, 2) exercise and 3) health professional engagement. A key concern was what crepitus meant and whether it would lead to development of OA. Participants said that crepitus varied in type. Most participants had not ceased exercise but had modified their movement due to crepitus and associated symptoms, with some having increased intentional strength training to try alleviating it. For those already with OA or other symptoms, crepitus was of less concern than symptoms such as pain. Participants agreed that more understanding about the processes causing crepitus and what exercise was safe for knee health would be beneficial.

CONCLUSIONS
Crepitus does not appear to be a major concern for people who experience it. However, it is a factor that influences exercise behaviours, as is pain. If health professionals could address these concerns by providing greater education and targeted exercise, people with crepitus might be more confident in exercising for the benefit of their joints and overall health.
GUIDED BREATHING EXERCISE MODULATES BLOOD PRESSURE FOR PEOPLE WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY
Authors: Torres Rachel , Castillo Camilo , Wanner Addie , Kozlowski Kaden , de Paleville Daniela Terson 
Published: January 2023

https://youtu.be/iK9idhJBdoY

BACKGROUND
People with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) often suffer from autonomic dysfunction, including orthostatic intolerance. These effects can be similar to those that astronauts experience while exposed to microgravity. To improve post-flight orthostatic intolerance, and other symptoms of autonomic dysfunction, scientists at NASA designed a biofeedback protocol, Autogenic Feedback Training Exercise (AFTE). AFTE combines specific autogenic exercises (e.g., self-suggestion of warmth in the hands) with biofeedback of multiple physiological responses (i.e., blood pressure [BP], heart rate, body temperature, breathing rate). We modified this protocol by adding guided breathing exercises and immersive virtual reality (VR) and tested it among people with and without SCI. The study aims to determine if AFTE is viable for improving autonomic dysfunction in individuals with SCI. We hypothesize that participants with SCI will improve symptoms of orthostatic hypotension and be able to modulate BP toward normotensive values after eight sessions of AFTE.

METHODS/DESIGN
A convenience sample of five (n=5) participants with chronic cervical SCI: two women (body weight 90+/−13Kg, height 164+/−2Cm, age 48+/−18), three men (body weight 96+/−37, height 180+/−5Kg, age 40+/−28) and four (n=4) participants without SCI: two women (body weight 57+/−9 Kg, height 164+/ 9 Cm, age 22+/−1) and two men (body weight 78 Kg +/−18, height 182 cm +/−5, age 27+/−2) participated in the study. Training consisted of eight 3-minute cycles of alternating relaxing then stimulating breathing, interoception (i.e., noticing inner body sensation), and VR. The relaxing breathing to lower BP consisted of making the “mmm” sound with three long nasal exhales to lower blood pressure. The stimulating breathing to raise BP consisted of three series of ten quick nasal exhales. After each of the eight cycles, participants were given feedback on whether they met their goal of increasing of decreasing MAP 5 mmHg during stimulation or relaxation cycles respectively. Training was performed twice a week for five weeks.

RESULTS
Participants successfully modulated their BP during the breathing exercise portion of the training. Participants reported they were able to use the technique at home after training was completed.

CONCLUSIONS
Guided breathing exercises could provide a readily available method of BP modification without side effects, potentially enabling more exercise compliance for people with SCI.
EXERCISE IMPROVES HEART RATE RECOVERY GREATER THAN STANDARD CARE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES
Authors: Shadiow James , Perkins Ryan , Mazo Corey , Miranda Edwin R. , Haus Jacob M. 
Published: January 2023

https://youtu.be/HRw1f_DoX-Q

INTRODUCTION
An attenuated heart rate recovery (HRR) immediately after exercise is considered an index of autonomic imbalance and is a predictor of all cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Because autonomic dysfunction in T2D patients has shown to be reversible with glycemic control, weight loss, and fitness gain, we investigated the effect of a 12 week aerobic exercise (AE) intervention compared to standard care on HRR in patients with T2D.

METHODS
T2D patients (n=32) were randomized to a 12-week AE intervention (n=19) or standard of care (n=13). The AE intervention consisted of supervised exercise training for 1h/day 5/wk for 12 weeks at 80% VO2peak. All subjects completed body composition analysis (DEXA), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and maximal exercise testing before and after the study period. HRR was measured every minute for 10 minutes after cessation of maximal exercise testing.

RESULTS
Baseline HRR 1-minute values were negatively associated with ASCVD Risk (rho = 0.623; p = 0.002) and positively associated with VO2peak (rho = 0.361; p = 0.042). Body weight was unchanged in both control (p = 0.989) and AE group (p = 0.248) after the study period. Following AE training intervention, VO2peak increased by 7.4 ± 1.9% (p &lt; 0.001), glucose metabolism, as measured by OGTT area under the curve (AUC), improved by 11.6 ± 6.0% (p = 0.040), and HRR 1-minute increased by 10.4 ± 6.1% (p = 0.234). The control group showed no significant changes as VO2peak increased by 0.7 ± 2.6% (p = 0.826), AUC improved by 3.1 ± 3.5% (p = 0.585), and HRR 1-minute increased 3.9 ± 9.0% (p = 0.915). Baseline HRR predicted change in HRR after the study period in the control group (rho = −0.817; p = 0.002) but not in the AE group (rho = −0.054, p = 0.860). Upon controlling for baseline HRR, AE group possessed a significantly higher post intervention HRR 1-minute value than control by 28.5% (p = 0.036). We found the AE group also had higher HRR values than control during the post-intervention 10-minute recovery resulting in a main effect of group (p &lt; 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
T2D patients with higher HRR, only receiving standard of care, are more susceptible to chronic detriments in HRR indicative of gradual autonomic function loss. To our knowledge these are the first data showing regular moderate-vigorous intensity exercise, which improved glycemic control and fitness gain independent of weight loss, outperforms standard of care alone for greater HRR.
Antibacterial Activity of Lemon Juice on Multi-Drug Resistant Klebsiella species Harboring blaOXA-48 Gene
Authors: Malla Babita , Khanal Santosh , K C Sudeep , Yadav Binod Kumar , Joshi Dev Raj 
Published: January 2023

Klebsiella species cause a wide range of infections, and infections caused by multi-drug resistant species have significantly higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Extended spectrum β-lactamase ESBL prodan emergingd carbapenem resistant K. pneumoniae is emerging problem in hospital settings worldwise. However, the distribution of blaOXA-48 in Klebsiella pneumoniae has rarely been described from Nepal. This study was carried out to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activity of lemon juice against clinical isolates of Klebsiella having blaOXA-48 gene. A total of 667 clinical specimens were processed for the identification of Klebsiella species by morphological, cultural and biochemical tests. Methods of antimicrobial susceptibility testing and confirmation of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) were adopted from the guidelines of the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (2018), and blaOXA-48 gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction. The antibacterial activity of lemon juice was assayed using agar well diffusion, and the bactericidal effect of lemon juice was determined by the broth dilution method. Out of 204 culture positive isolates, 29.5% were Klebsiella species of which 16.7% were ESBL producers. Among 19 isolates positive to Modified Hodge test, 68.4% were detected with the plasmid mediated blaOXA-48 gene. The MIC of lemon juice ranged from 12.5-50% (v/v), and the bacteriostatic activity was observed after 6-8 hours of exposure. The tested varieties of lemon juice showed potential inhibitory activity against Klebsiella species indicating that lemon juice has the potential to be used as an antibacterial agent.
Regime plástico-visual das histórias em quadrinhos: aspectos históricos e tecnológicos
Authors: Pavarina Etefania Cristina 
Published: January 2023

Essa pesquisa apresenta uma reflexão teórica que resgata o percurso histórico das histórias em quadrinhos, com o objetivo de analisar a evolução histórica e tecnológica de sua linguagem, com ênfase em seus avanços gráficos e plásticos. Discute-se no decorrer da pesquisa a linguagem dos quadrinhos e a algumas questões referente as suas diversas definições. Conclui-se que a evolução dos meios de comunicação possibilitou o desenvolvimento e a adaptação dos quadrinhos as realidades vigentes, de acordo com suas finalidades, agregando diversos recursos gráficos e estilísticos a sua composição, bem como a alteração de seu plano da expressão em detrimentos dos novos tipos de suportes e dos avanços das tecnologias de hipermídia favorecendo a sua produção e divulgação em ambientes físicos e digitais.
IMPORTÂNCIA DOS CUIDADOS E PREVENÇÃO COM A COVID-19 NO AMBIENTE DE TRABALHO
Authors: Yamada Rodrigues Patrícia , Rodolpho Daniela 
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo apresenta como fundamentação teórica a pesquisa bibliográfica, qualitativa e descritiva, tendo em vista que o assunto abordado, procura apresentar de forma bastante suscinta as principais mudanças no ambiente de trabalho causadas pela COVID-19 e, como elas são essenciais na sociedade contemporânea e estão presentes até mesmo em nosso cotidiano ainda que acabem passando despercebidas. O trabalho objetiva analisar e discutir os principais conceitos sobre o vírus e os cuidados que necessitam ser tomados principalmente no ambiente de trabalho conforme tem sido percebido em diferentes países do mundo, os quais são amplamente divulgados e explorados por todosapresenta-se estruturado da seguinte maneira: definição, um breve histórico, as principais descobertas, como se encontra organizada sua classificação de acordo com os órgãos competentes, a legislação nacional relacionada aos equipamentos com tais especificidades; para que os trabalhadores possam desenvolver cada vez mais suas potencialidades sem descuidar de sua saúde e de seu correlato em trabalho tornando-se assim parte integrante de uma sociedade colaborativa, comprometida e saudável. Em suma, a intenção deste artigo é colaborar com aspectos para a reflexão e busca de novos caminhos, novas perspectivas, para o avanço nas políticas públicas, na pesquisa, desenvolvimento de um ambiente de trabalho mais saudável.
Faryzeusze i saduceusze a eschatologiczne groźby Jana Chrzciciela w Mateuszowej narracji 3,7-12
Authors: Żywica Zdzisław 
Published: January 2023

Autor artykułu, analizując Mateuszową perykopę o działalności Jana Chrzciciela (3,7-12), a w niej szczególnie jego mowę przejętą ze źródła Q, dochodzi do wniosku, że w sekcji o działalności Jana (3,1-17), Ewangelista, perykopą 3,7-12, przygotowuje opowiadanie o chrzcie Jezusa (3,13-17). W kontekście całej ewangelicznej narracji Ewangelista wskazuje, już na etapie zapowiedzi Jego przyjścia, największych Jego wrogów oraz Jego eschatologicznego dzieła zbawienia. Są nimi całe religijne elity Synagogi i Świątyni wraz z ich „tradycją starszych’, a wśród nich przede wszystkim faryzeusze i saduceusze jako jej najgorliwsi zwolennicy i egzekutorzy od podległego im ludu. W „tradycji starszych” Mateusz widzi źródło wrogości i fundamentalną przyczynę odrzucenia Jezusa Mesjasza i Syna Bożego. Dlatego w jego narracji zarówno Jan, jak i Jezus wzywają religijne elity do radykalnej metanoi, czyli jej odrzucenia i wejścia na drogę sprawiedliwości, tj. na drogę wypełniania woli Boga przekazywanej teraz przez Jezusa, a później przez zbudowany przez Niego Kościół (4,17.18-22; 9,9; 23,1-12; 28,16-20). Najwyższą racją, która powinna skłonić ich do natychmiastowego wejścia na drogę metanoi jest sąd Boga nad ludem Izraela, a przede wszystkim nad nimi jako jego pasterzami. Dokonuje się on już teraz, w zbawczej działalności Jego Syna i Mesjasza. Tylko przyjęcie daru zbawienia i życie Dobrą Nowiną w zbudowanym przez Niego Kościele dla wszystkich narodów może uchronić ich przed odrzuceniem i pozbawieniem przywileju narodu wybranego oraz godności prawdziwych dzieci Abrahama, przedłużyć w nim możliwość kontynuowania misji Patriarchy – jako „verus Israel”, wzoru bezwarunkowej i szczerej wiary w Boga oraz zawierzenia Jego woli.
Dinamika Dan Kemandirian Kelompok Badan Keswadayaan Masyarakat (BKM) Program Kota Tanpa Kumuh (KOTAKU) Di Kota Padang
Authors: M. Bajang Ahmadi  , Fuad Madarisa  , Asmawi  
Published: January 2023

Development based on groups becomes a participatory development approach pattern by involving the community directly through groups. This research aims: (1)To find out and analyze the characteristics of the members of BKM, National Slum Upgrading Program ( Program Kotaku ) in Padang city, (2)To find out and analyze the level of dynamics and independence of the BKM, National Slum Upgrading Program / Program Kotaku in Padang city and (3)To find out and analyze how much influence the characteristics of members and the level of dynamics on the independence of the BKM group in the KOTAKU Program in Padang City. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach. The data collection technique was carried out by distributing questionnaires offline to the BKM members in Padang City. Data management using SPSS version 24 by linear regretion analysis.
The results of the study prove the majority of BKM members in the city of Padang are women aged between 46-65 years with an average education level of high school, the characteristics partially have no effect on the independence of the BKM group, the dynamics of the BKM group partially have a significant influence on the independence of the BKM. Both of characteristics and group dynamics have a positive and significant influence on the independence of the BKM group. The results also confirm that the level of group dynamics and group independence in Padang City is in the medium category, therefore strategic efforts need to be improved. The suggestions are: 1. Efforts are needed to increase the dynamics of the BKM group in Padang City, 2. In the future, it is hoped that young/productive generations will emerge to join BKM members to be more productive and more dynamic, because the more dynamic a group is, the more independent the group will be. This research is expected to provide input for the BKM group as well as for community empowerment program stakeholders, especially the KOTAKU Program, Directorate General of Human Settlements, Ministry of PUPR.
Immunohitochemical expression of Bcl-2in human colocrectal carcinoma
Authors: AbdulGhafour Kifah H. , Hassan AL-Tai Tharwa H. , Shaker Hind H. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Colorectal carcinoma is the most frequent type of malignancy in terms of incidence,it is the third most common cancer world wide in both sexes . bcl_2 expression has been described as been a better prognostic factor in colorectal carcinoma.Objcetives: To determine the frequency and the pattern of Bcl-2 expression in colorectal carcinoma by immunohistochemical technique and to correlate this expression with different clinicopathological parameters.Material and method: Thirty cases of colorectal carcinoma were studied, these cases were diagnosed in private laboratories in Baghdad / Iraq from January 2015 to Juan 2015. Clinicopathological parameter such as age, gender , pathological diagnosis , tumor site , lymph nodes status , grade and stage of tumor were collected from patients files..Sections of 4μm were stained by hematoxylen and eosin stain, and immunohistochemical stained for Bcl-2.Results: Nineteen (63.3%) cases were males, 11(36.7%) cases were females, with age distribution ranging from (39-89) years with a mean age of 56.5 years. Histologically the tumor grade range from moderately differentiated in 27 (90%) cases and poorly differentiated in 3 (10%) cases. Ten (33.3%)cases located in the right colon and sigmoid each 6(20%) cases in rectum,8(26.7%) cases in the cecum,3(10%)cases located in right colon and sigmoid each,6(20%) cases in the rectum and 8(26.7%) cases in the left colon. Regarding pathological staging (TNM system),2 (6.7%) cases were stage T2 ,24 (80%) were stage T3 ,4(13.3%) cases were T4. Lymph node involvement found in 14(46%) cases and distant metastasis was found in 9(30%)cases. Bcl-2 expression was present in 14(46.7 %) cases of 30 colorectal carcinoma.There was no significant correlation with age, sex, histopathological grade, location, lymph nodes status and tumor invation.Conclusion: There was no significant statistical correlation between bcl expression by tumor cell of colorectal carcinoma and different clinicopathological parameters in this study.
Study the preventive effect of aqueous extract of Gingko biloba on cerebral damage induced by ischemia/ reperfusion in rat
Authors: Mohammed Mustafa T. 
Published: January 2023

Background: cerebral damage may occur in a variety of clinical settings and this remains a significant problem. Therefore, it seems possible that the administration aqueous extract of Gingko biloba might protect the brain against the ischemia reperfusion injury.Objectives: The study included knowledge Phytochemical Composition and determine whether Gingko biloba in the aqueous extract prevents or decreases I/R brain damage.Methods: Thirty rats were divided into three groups as control, I/R group and Gingko biloba treatment group. Serum was used for the estimation of biochemical parameters: oxidative stress levels of nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) and blood was used for the estimation of enzyme immunoassay: Interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor Alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β).Results: The results showed that the extract contain : glycosides , saponins ,tannins ,phenolic compounds , resins, flavonoids ,alkaloids and proteins.The levels of Oxidative stress in group 3 were significantly lower than those in group 2 as well as the levels of enzyme immunoassay in group 3 were significantly lower than those in group 2.Conclusion: The present results suggest that Gingko biloba treatment protects the rat brain against ischemiareperfusion brain damage.