bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional roles and novel tools for improving‐oxidative stability of polyunsaturated fatty acids: A comprehensive review
Authors: Islam Fakhar , Imran Ali , Nosheen Farhana , Fatima Maleeha , Arshad Muhammad Umair , Afzaal Muhammad , Ijaz Nosheen , Noreen Rabia , Mehta Shilpa , Biswas Sunanda , Rasool Izza Faiz Ul , Aslam Muhammad Arslan , Usman Ifrah , Zahra Syeda Mahvish , Segueni Narimane , Amer Ali Yuosra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolyunsaturated fatty acids may be derived from a variety of sources and could be incorporated into a balanced diet. They protect against a wide range of illnesses, including cancer osteoarthritis and autoimmune problems. The PUFAs, ω‐6, and ω‐3 fatty acids, which are found in both the marine and terrestrial environments, are given special attention. The primary goal is to evaluate the significant research papers in relation to the human health risks and benefits of ω‐6 and ω‐3 fatty acid dietary resources. This review article highlights the types of fatty acids, factors affecting the stability of polyunsaturated fatty acids, methods used for the mitigation of oxidative stability, health benefits of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and future perspectives in detail.
Development of a paper strip test for colorimetric detection of urea in raw materials for animal feed
Authors: Chanawanno Chuthamart , Sompen Chetbodin , Satarpai Thiphol 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAiming at developing an easily implementable method for on‐site analysis to detect urea adulteration in feed ingredients, a simple and inexpensive paper strip for urea detection via colorimetric assay is herein presented. The paper strip can be simply fabricated by immobilizing urease with bromothymol blue (BTB) as a pH indicator on cellulose fiber. Upon dipping the paper strip into the target sample, the release of ammonia during the reaction between urea in the sample and urease on the paper strip causes a pH change that results in the development of a blue color, thus indicating the presence of urea. A semiquantitative detection method was developed on the basis of the color change on the paper strip, which can be detected by naked eyes and compared with a color chart made by spiking urea at concentrations varying from 0.10% to 1.0% (w/w) in animal protein and fishmeal samples. Moreover, quantitative data were obtained by taking a picture with a smartphone camera and measuring the color intensity using ImageJ software. A comparison between BTB and phenol red as pH indicators revealed that the former afforded better results in terms of resolution. Under optimal conditions, good linear responses of blue intensity were obtained in a concentration range of 0.10%–1.0% (w/w). The recovery was determined to range between 98.1% and 118.3% with a relative standard deviation of <5%. The developed paper strip assay was applied to determine urea in animal protein and fishmeal, finding good agreement with the official AOAC method (No. 967.07). The present paper strip is rapid and requires neither sophisticated devices nor skilled personnel, allowing its use by quality controllers for the routine on‐site detection of the urea adulteration of raw materials.
Improvement in the stability and bioavailability of pumpkin lutein using β‐cyclodextrin microcapsules
Authors: Shi Zhenxia , Kong Gaoyuan , Wang Fangfang , Gao Hui , Wei Anran , Ren Sizhu , Yan Xunyou 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGrowing concerns about food nutrition and food supplies have encouraged the development of effective constituents. Lutein is an important nutrient element, and its health benefits are gradually being recognized. Lutein, as a carotenoid antioxidant, can protect cells and organs from damage caused by free radicals. However, in processing, storage, and usage, lutein is unstable and often undergoes isomerization and oxidative decomposition, which limits its wide range of applications. β‐Cyclodextrin is an ideal substrate to prepare microcapsule structures, which are highly biocompatible and nontoxic. During the lutein encapsulation process, ideal β‐cyclodextrin microcapsules were used to form inclusion compounds. The results reveal that the encapsulation efficiency of the microcapsules reached 53%. Moreover, using ultrasonic‐assisted extraction can easily and efficiently purify lutein. In addition, the capability of the β‐cyclodextrin composite shell can enhance the bioactive molecules' activity and stability.
Potential inhibitory effect of fish, maize, and whey protein hydrolysates on advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs)
Authors: Arasteh Faezeh , Barzegar Mohsen , Gavlighi Hassan Ahmadi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdvanced glycation end‐products (AGEs) are produced in the final stage of the Maillard reaction. AGEs formation may be inhibited by natural hydrolysates derived from plant or animal sources. The present study aimed to investigate the antiglycation potential of fish, maize, and whey protein hydrolysates. It was carried out in four model systems, Bovine serum albumin (BSA)‐Glucose, BSA‐Fructose, BSA‐Sorbitol, and BSA‐HFCS (high fructose corn syrup), by evaluation of fluorescent intensity of AGEs after seven days of reaction at 37°C. The results showed that the highest inhibitory effect belonged to 0.16% of FPH (fish protein hydrolysate, percent inhibition ~99.0%), whereas maize protein hydrolysate (MPH) had lower antiglycation activity in comparison with FPH. Among all hydrolysates, whey protein hydrolysate with the lowest degree of hydrolysis showed the weakest inhibitory activity. Overall, our results indicated that the investigated hydrolysates, particularly FPH, have promising antiglycation potential and can be recommended for the production of functional foods.
Trait profiling and genotype selection in oilseed rape using genotype by trait and genotype by yield*trait approaches
Authors: Bakhshi Behnam , Amiri Oghan Hassan , Rameeh Valiollah , Zeinalzadeh Tabrizi Hossein , Askari Abdolhossein , Faraji Abolfazl , Ghodrati Gholamreza , Fanaei Hamid Reza , Danaei Amir Khosro , Khatoon Kazerani Narjes , Payghamzadeh Kamal , Kiani Davood , Sadeghi Hossein , Shariati Farnaz , Dalili Alireza , Aghajani Nasab Afrouzi Mohammad Ali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSelection and breeding for high‐yielding in oilseed rape have always been one of the leading objectives for oilseed rape breeders. This process becomes more complicated when all quantitative traits are considered in selection in addition to grain yield. In the present study, 18 oilseed rape genotypes along with 2 check cultivars (RGS003 and Dalgan) were evaluated across 16 environments (a combination of 2 years and eight locations) in the tropical climate regions of Iran during 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 cropping seasons. The experiments were conducted in a format of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The obtained multienvironmental trial data were utilized to conduct multivariate analysis, genotype by trait (GT) biplot, and genotype by yield*trait (GYT) biplot (Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, 1:2019). The GT and GYT biplot accounted for 55.5% and 93.6% of the total variation in the first two main components. Based on multivariate analysis and GT biplot, pod numbers in plant (PNP) and plant height (PH) were chosen as two key traits in spring oilseed rape genotypes for indirect selection due to high variation, strong positive correlation with grain yield (GY), and their high representatively and discriminability in genotype selection. The mean × stability GT biplot represented G10 (SRL‐96‐17) as the superior genotype. Based on the mean × stability GYT biplot, eight above‐average genotypes were identified that took high scores in stability, high‐yielding, and all evaluated quantitative traits at the same time. Based on the superiority index of GYT data, G10 (SRL‐96‐17) and G5 (SRL‐96‐11) indicated the best yield–trait combinations profile and ranked above check cultivars and then selected as superior genotypes. Similarly, cluster analysis using the WARD method also separated eight superior genotypes. Based on the result of the present study, GT ad GYT methodologies are recommended for trait profiling and genotype selection in oilseed rape breeding projects, respectively.
GeoDeepShovel: A platform for building scientific database from geoscience literature withAIassistance
Authors: Zhang Shao , Xu Hui , Jia Yuting , Wen Ying , Wang Dakuo , Fu Luoyi , Wang Xinbing , Zhou Chenghu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of big data science, the research paradigm in the field of geosciences has also begun to shift to big data‐driven scientific discovery. Researchers need to read a huge amount of literature to locate, extract and aggregate relevant results and data that are published and stored in PDF format for building a scientific database to support the big data‐driven discovery. In this paper, based on the findings of a study about how geoscientists annotate literature and extract and aggregate data, we proposed GeoDeepShovel, a publicly available AI‐assisted data extraction system to support their needs. GeoDeepShovel leverages state‐of‐the‐art neural network models to support researcher(s) easily and accurately annotate papers (in the PDF format) and extract data from tables, figures, maps, etc., in a human–AI collaboration manner. As a part of the Deep‐Time Digital Earth (DDE) program, GeoDeepShovel has been deployed for 8 months, and there are already 400 users from 44 geoscience research teams within the DDE program using it to construct scientific databases on a daily basis, and more than 240 projects and 50,000 documents have been processed for building scientific databases.
Acceptability and feasibility of plasma phosphorylated‐tau181 in two memory services
Authors: Hazan Jemma , Hall Simon , Pemberton Alex , Sherriffs Ian , Joels Suzanne , Heslegrave Amanda , Veleva Elena , Ghauri Mamoona , Laban Rhiannon , Abel Emily , Zetterberg Henrik , Fox Nick C. , Howard Robert 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPlasma phosphorylated‐tau181 (p‐tau181) represents a novel blood‐based biomarker of Alzheimer's disease pathology. We explored clinicians' experience of the utility of plasma p‐tau181 in Camden and Islington Memory Services.MethodsPatients were identified by their clinician as appropriate for p‐tau181. Their p‐tau181 result was plotted on a reference range graph provided to clinicians. This was discussed with the patient at diagnostic feedback appointment.ResultsTwenty‐nine participants' plasma p‐tau181 samples were included (mean age 74 SD 8.5, 65% female). Nine clinicians participated in the study. Eighty‐six percent of clinicians found the p‐tau181 result to be helpful and in 93% of cases it was clearly understandable. The p‐tau181 result was useful in making the diagnosis in 44% of cases.ConclusionsPlasma p‐tau181 is a feasible test for use in memory services and acceptable to clinicians. Clinician feedback on utility in dementia diagnoses was mixed. Further work is required to provide education and training in understanding and interpreting ambiguity in biomarker results.
The value of arterial spin labelling perfusion MRI in brain age prediction
Authors: Dijsselhof Mathijs B. J. , Barboure Michelle , Stritt Michael , Nordhøy Wibeke , Wink Alle Meije , Beck Dani , Westlye Lars T. , Cole James H. , Barkhof Frederik , Mutsaerts Henk J. M. M. , Petr Jan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCurrent structural MRI‐based brain age estimates and their difference from chronological age—the brain age gap (BAG)—are limited to late‐stage pathological brain‐tissue changes. The addition of physiological MRI features may detect early‐stage pathological brain alterations and improve brain age prediction. This study investigated the optimal combination of structural and physiological arterial spin labelling (ASL) image features and algorithms. Healthy participants (n = 341, age 59.7 ± 14.8 years) were scanned at baseline and after 1.7 ± 0.5 years follow‐up (n = 248, mean age 62.4 ± 13.3 years). From 3 T MRI, structural (T1w and FLAIR) volumetric ROI and physiological (ASL) cerebral blood flow (CBF) and spatial coefficient of variation ROI features were constructed. Multiple combinations of features and machine learning algorithms were evaluated using the Mean Absolute Error (MAE). From the best model, longitudinal BAG repeatability and feature importance were assessed. The ElasticNetCV algorithm using T1w + FLAIR+ASL performed best (MAE = 5.0 ± 0.3 years), and better compared with using T1w + FLAIR (MAE = 6.0 ± 0.4 years, p < .01). The three most important features were, in descending order, GM CBF, GM/ICV, and WM CBF. Average baseline and follow‐up BAGs were similar (−1.5 ± 6.3 and − 1.1 ± 6.4 years respectively, ICC = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.8–0.9, p = .16). The addition of ASL features to structural brain age, combined with the ElasticNetCV algorithm, improved brain age prediction the most, and performed best in a cross‐sectional and repeatability comparison. These findings encourage future studies to explore the value of ASL in brain age in various pathologies.
Resting‐state functional alterations in patients with brain arteriovenous malformations involving language areas
Authors: Deng Xiaofeng , Wang Meng , Zhang Yan , Wang Shuo , Cao Yong , Chen Xiaolin , Zong Fangrong , Wang Bo , Liu Bing , Zhao Jizong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBrain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) may involve language areas but usually do not lead to aphasia. This study evaluated resting‐state functional alterations and investigated the language reorganization mechanism in AVM patients. Thirty‐nine patients with AVMs involving language areas and 32 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls were prospectively enrolled. The AVM patients were categorized into three subgroups according to lesion location: the frontal (15 patients), temporal (14 patients), and parietal subgroups (10 patients). All subjects underwent resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI), and the amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (ALFF) approach was applied to analyze rs‐fMRI data. Language abilities were normal in all participants based on the Western Aphasia Battery. Compared with those of healthy subjects, ALFF values significantly increased (FDR corrected p < .01) in the anterior part of the right putamen in the frontal AVM subgroup, in the posterior part of the right inferior and middle temporal gyrus in the temporal AVM subgroup, and in the inferior lateral part of the left cerebellar hemisphere (lobule VIII) and the right inferior parietal lobule in the parietal AVM subgroup. Functional annotation using Neurosynth indicated that the ALFF t‐map was only significantly positively associated with the language‐related domain (FDR corrected p < .01). In patients with AVMs involving the language cortex, language network reorganization occurs to maintain normal language abilities. The brain areas recruited into the reorganized language network were located in the right cerebral and left cerebellar hemispheres, both of which are nondominant hemispheres. Differences in lesion location led to distinct reorganization patterns.
Functional hierarchy of the angular gyrus and its underlying genetic architecture
Authors: Song Yu , Wang Chunli , Cai Huanhuan , Chen Jingyao , Liu Siyu , Zhu Jiajia , Yu Yongqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe angular gyrus (AG), given its rich connectivity and its location where multisensory information converges, is a functionally and anatomically heterogeneous structure. Using the state‐of‐the‐art functional gradient approach and transcription‐neuroimaging association analysis, we sought to determine whether there is an overarching hierarchical organization of the AG and if so, how it is modulated by the underlying genetic architecture. Resting‐state functional MRI data of 793 healthy subjects were obtained from discovery and validation datasets. Functional gradients of the AG were calculated based on the voxel‐wise AG‐to‐cerebrum functional connectivity patterns. Combined with the Allen Human Brain Atlas, we examined the spatial correlations between the AG functional gradient and gene expression. The dominant gradient topography showed a dorsoanterior–ventroposterior hierarchical organization of the AG, which was related to its intrinsic geometry. Concurrently, AG functional subdivisions corresponding to canonical functional networks (behavioral domains) were distributed along the dominant gradient in a hierarchical manner, that is, from the default mode network (abstract cognition) at one extreme to the visual and sensorimotor networks (perception and action) at the other extreme. Remarkably, we established a link between the AG dominant gradient and gene expression, with two gene sets strongly contributing to this link but diverging on their functional annotation and specific expression. Our findings represent a significant conceptual advance in AG functional organization, and may introduce novel approaches and testable questions to the investigation of AG function and anatomy in health and disease.
Neural substrates of verbal memory impairment in schizophrenia: A multimodal connectomics study
Authors: Tranfa Mario , Iasevoli Felice , Cocozza Sirio , Ciccarelli Mariateresa , Barone Annarita , Brunetti Arturo , de Bartolomeis Andrea , Pontillo Giuseppe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhile verbal memory is among the most compromised cognitive domains in schizophrenia (SZ), its neural substrates remain elusive. Here, we explored the structural and functional brain network correlates of verbal memory impairment in SZ. We acquired diffusion and resting‐state functional MRI data of 49 SZ patients, classified as having preserved (VMP, n = 22) or impaired (VMI, n = 26) verbal memory based on the List Learning task, and 55 healthy controls (HC). Structural and functional connectivity matrices were obtained and analyzed to assess associations with disease status (SZ vs. HC) and verbal memory impairment (VMI vs. VMP) using two complementary data‐driven approaches: threshold‐free network‐based statistics (TFNBS) and hybrid connectivity independent component analysis (connICA). TFNBS showed altered connectivity in SZ patients compared with HC (p < .05, FWER‐corrected), with distributed structural changes and functional reorganization centered around sensorimotor areas. Specifically, functional connectivity was reduced within the visual and somatomotor networks and increased between visual areas and associative and subcortical regions. Only a tiny cluster of increased functional connectivity between visual and bilateral parietal attention‐related areas correlated with verbal memory dysfunction. Hybrid connICA identified four robust traits, representing fundamental patterns of joint structural‐functional connectivity. One of these, mainly capturing the functional connectivity profile of the visual network, was significantly associated with SZ (HC vs. SZ: Cohen's d = .828, p < .0001) and verbal memory impairment (VMP vs. VMI: Cohen's d = −.805, p = .01). We suggest that aberrant connectivity of sensorimotor networks may be a key connectomic signature of SZ and a putative biomarker of SZ‐related verbal memory impairment, in consistency with bottom‐up models of cognitive disruption.
A meta‐analysis of the neural substrates of monetary reward anticipation and outcome in alcohol use disorder
Authors: Zeng Jianguang , You Lantao , Yang Fan , Luo Ya , Yu Shuxian , Yan Jiangnan , Liu Mengqi , Yang Xun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe capacity to anticipate and detect rewarding outcomes is fundamental for the development of adaptive decision‐making and goal‐oriented behavior. Delineating the neural correlates of different stages of reward processing is imperative for understanding the neurobiological mechanism underlying alcohol use disorder (AUD). To examine the neural correlates of monetary anticipation and outcome in AUD patients, we performed two separate voxel‐wise meta‐analyses of functional neuroimaging studies, including 12 studies investigating reward anticipation and 7 studies investigating reward outcome using the monetary incentive delay task. During the anticipation stage, AUD patients displayed decreased activation in response to monetary cues in mesocortical‐limbic circuits and sensory areas, including the ventral striatum (VS), insula, hippocampus, inferior occipital gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, lingual gyrus and fusiform gyrus. During the outcome stage, AUD patients exhibited reduced activation in the dorsal striatum, VS and insula, and increased activation in the orbital frontal cortex and medial temporal area. Our findings suggest that different activation patterns are associated with nondrug rewards during different reward processing stages, potentially reflecting a changed sensitivity to monetary reward in AUD.
Theta‐gamma phase‐amplitude coupling in auditory cortex is modulated by language proficiency
Authors: Lizarazu Mikel , Carreiras Manuel , Molinaro Nicola 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe coordination between the theta phase (3–7 Hz) and gamma power (25–35 Hz) oscillations (namely theta‐gamma phase‐amplitude coupling, PAC) in the auditory cortex has been proposed as an essential neural mechanism involved in speech processing. However, it has not been established how this mechanism is related to the efficiency with which a listener processes speech. Speech processing in a non‐native language offers a useful opportunity to evaluate if theta‐gamma PAC is modulated by the challenges imposed by the reception of speech input in a non‐native language. The present study investigates how auditory theta‐gamma PAC (recorded with magnetoencephalography) is modulated in both native and non‐native speech reception. Participants were Spanish native (L1) speakers studying Basque (L2) at three different levels: beginner (Grade 1), intermediate (Grade 2), and advanced (Grade 3). We found that during L2 speech processing (i) theta‐gamma PAC was more highly coordinated for intelligible compared to unintelligible speech; (ii) this coupling was modulated by proficiency in Basque being lower for beginners, higher for intermediate, and highest for advanced speakers (no difference observed in Spanish); (iii) gamma power did not differ between languages and groups. These findings highlight how the coordinated theta‐gamma oscillatory activity is tightly related to speech comprehension: the stronger this coordination is, the more the comprehension system will proficiently parse the incoming speech input.