bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les « contes de fées » chinois des économistes physiocrates
Authors: De Barros Edern 
Published: January 2023

Dans la seconde moitié du xviii e siècle, les économistes physiocrates élaborent un parallèle entre la société de marché qu’ils appellent de leurs vœux et une Chine ancienne fantasmée qui en serait la préfiguration historique : leur « despotisme légal » serait déjà en germe dans la figure de l’empereur chinois dont la souveraineté serait sous la surveillance des juristes mandarins. Sur ce modèle, Quesnay (le « Confucius de l’Europe ») et ses disciples préconisent que le roi de France soit à son tour sous le conseil constitutionnel des juristes économistes pour la réalisation positive du Tableau économique . Mais comme le souligne Mably dans ses Doutes , les « contes de fées » chinois des économistes visent davantage à donner à leur théorie du « despotisme légal » une apparence empirique pour mieux justifier un projet oligarchique au service des gros propriétaires.
Nos victimes ou l’infinie recherche du juste milieu dans les rapports entre homme et bête
Authors: Desrameaux Alexandre 
Published: January 2023

À la fin du xix e siècle, un livre d’une facture composite, Nos victimes , illustre le mouvement ascendant de défense de la cause animale en France. Il comprend un ensemble de points de vue de personnalités diverses de l’époque ainsi qu’un essai intitulé De la compassion envers les animaux , dans lequel son auteur, un ami de Michelet, insiste sur l’utilité pour l’homme de bien les traiter et sur le surcroît de dignité humaine qui résulte de ces bons traitements. Il se dégage de l’ouvrage, empreint de modération, le sentiment qu’est en train de naître une nouvelle forme d’engagement de la société civile en faveur d’une nouvelle conception de l’homme dans son rapport à l’animalité et même à la nature. Il paraît difficile d’avoir sur le sujet une position autre qu’anthropocentrée, comme il ne semble pas judicieux d’étendre aux bêtes le paradigme des droits subjectifs. L’homme doit surtout s’évertuer à prendre la mesure de ses devoirs envers elles. L’animalisme bien compris est un humanisme.
Léon Duguit ou le comtisme des juristes
Authors: Quiriny Bernard 
Published: January 2023

Léon Duguit a placé toute son œuvre sous le signe de la protection des libertés de l’individu contre l’État. En optant cependant pour une logique solidariste plutôt que pour la logique individualiste familière aux auteurs libéraux, il aboutit malgré lui à des conclusions systématiquement hostiles à la liberté de l’individu : l’État chez lui n’est pas limité mais illimité, l’individu n’est pas libéré mais contrôlé, la propriété privée n’est pas garantie mais surveillée. Plus qu’à garantir les libertés, le système de Duguit semble viser en fait à assurer la prééminence au sein de la société d’une caste, la sienne : les juristes, et s’inscrire au fond dans la continuité d’un auteur qu’il cite rarement mais dont il est manifestement proche : Comte.
La règle verte : redessiner le paysage politique par des bornes écologiques et juridiques
Authors: Braillet Renaud 
Published: January 2023

Assujettir les États et les sociétés au respect de bornes écologiques fondamentales pour la perpétuité du renouvellement des cycles terrestres, tel est le projet de la « règle verte ». Cet instrument juridique, qui tire ses origines de la pensée écologique ancienne, est pensé comme le nouveau cadre indépassable de l’État de droit. Seulement, les difficultés juridiques et politiques qui supposent son instauration et son intégration au sein de notre système juridique sont nombreuses. Choisir les bornes écologiques adaptées, garantir la survie démocratique d’un système au sein duquel le législateur est à nouveau limité, surpasser les difficultés normatives traditionnelles en matière d’environnement, planifier le respect des limites, anticiper l’interprétation des juges sont autant d’obstacles qui se posent nécessairement à quiconque envisage sérieusement d’adopter la « règle verte ».
À l’école de la ville : contre-cultures expérimentales dans les années 1970
Authors: Boëlle-Dupouy Adélaïde 
Published: January 2023

Cet article propose le récit de trois expérimentations pédagogiques et artistiques des années 1970, défricheuses pour bâtir un contre-modèle face aux écoles, lieux d’enfermement des enfants et de leurs apprentissages. À partir des ateliers de rue de Riccardo Dalisi de 1971 à 1974 à Naples avec des enfants déscolarisés, nous verrons comment des architectes, artistes, designers, proposent la réintroduction des enfants dans la rue et les espaces publics de quartiers populaires.
Cheminements écoliers dans un shared space : l’urbain au service des apprentissages
Authors: Bellesi Melissa , Casas Maribel 
Published: January 2023

« Apprendre » la ville est un enseignement universel et formateur en particulier pour les jeunes enfants. Dans ce sens, le trajet entre le domicile et l’école constitue souvent la toute première exploration d’un espace social réglé et partagé. Cet article propose de s’interroger sur le déterminisme qui peut exister entre la configuration urbaine de l’espace scolaire et les modes de déplacement privilégiés pour y accéder : est-ce qu’un aménagement spatial spécifique autour des écoles pourrait pallier l’encombrement généré par les dépôts minutes et contribuer à voir ressurgir l’usage de la marche – ou de mobilités « douces » – afin de faire du trajet entre la maison et l’école un espace-temps riche en apprentissages ? Repenser l’espace environnant des écoles permettrait-il de réinstaurer une dynamique spatiale et un ancrage au lieu et à la citoyenneté ?
Laparoscopic transversus abdominis plane block is useful in pain relief after laparoscopic stapled repair of diastasis recti and ventral hernia
Authors: Cavallaro Giuseppe , Gazzanelli Sergio , Iorio Olga , Iossa Angelo , Giordano Luca , Esposito Luca , Crocetti Daniele , Tarallo Maria Rita , Sibio Simone , Brauneis Stefano , Polistena Andrea 
Published: January 2023

Background:
There is still no consensus on perioperative pain control techniques in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery; protocols of conventional therapy can be improved by the use of perioperative anaesthesiologic techniques, such as epidural or loco-regional analgesic administration as transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block. The aim of this evaluation was to investigate the role of laparoscopic-assisted TAP block during repair of diastasis recti associated with primary midline hernias in term of post-operative pain relief.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective evaluation of a prospectively maintained database including patients undergoing laparoscopic repair of diastasis recti associated with primary ventral hernia. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A patients (n = 34) received laparoscopic-assisted bilateral TAP-block of 7.5 mg/ml ropivacaine for each side and Group B patients (n = 29) received conventional post-operative therapy. All patients received 24 h infusion of 20 mg morphine; pain was checked at 6, 24 and 48 h after surgery by numeric rating scale (NRS) score. A rescue analgesia by was given if NRS score was >4 or on patient request.

Results:
No differences in operative time, complications and post-operative stay, no complications related to TAP-block technique were found. Post-operative pain scores (determined by NRS) were found to be significantly different between groups. Group A patients showed a significant reduction in NRS score at 6, 24 and 48 h (P < 0.005) and in the number of patients requiring further analgesic drugs administration (P < 0.005) compared to Group B patients.

Conclusions:
Laparoscopic-guided TAP-block can be considered safe and effective in the management of post-operative pain and in the reduction of analgesic need in patients undergoing laparoscopic repair of diastasis recti and ventral hernias. The non-randomised nature of the study and the lack of a consistent series of patients require further evaluations.
‘Critical circle of fundoplication’ – A key concept towards creating identical, replicable and consistent fundoplication wraps
Authors: Jani Kalpesh 
Published: January 2023

Background:
There is a significant learning curve associated with laparoscopic Nissen’s fundoplication, during which, complications due to surgical errors are more likely to occur. Moreover, length of the wrap, its situation on the lower esophagus and the points of the fundus brought together to create the wrap are arbitrary and as per the surgeon’s judgement and estimation. This leads to a lot of variation in the wraps created, not only from surgeon to surgeon, but also from case to case for each individual surgeon. We propose a new concept of ‘Critical Circle of Fundoplication’ and the new approach to construct the fundoplication based on this concept, by application of which, a mathematically precise fundoplication can be created which is consistent, accurate and optimum.

Patients and Methods:
A total of 132 patients were operated based on the concept of ‘Critical Circle of Fundoplication’ between 2015 and 2020, of which 116 patients completed one year of follow-up and are included in the paper.

Results:
The demographic characteristics, intraoperative findings and postoperative are described in detail. An additional average time of 10.5 minutes (range: 8-26 minutes) was required in the precise measurements and markings that were required by this approach.

Conclusion:
By application of the concept of ‘Critical Circle of Fundoplication’, precise, consistent and optimum wraps can be created. By eliminating the errors of structural construction and placement of the wrap, overall results can be improved.
Patients’ satisfaction after bilateral thoracoscopic sympathicolysis
Authors: Hemead Hanan M. , Etman Waheed , Hemead Sarah , Elrewany Ehab , Abdelaziz Ahmed 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Palmar hyperhidrosis is a distressing condition implicating individuals’ social life and self-esteem. Surgery has proven to be highly effective with excellent safety profile. However, compensatory hyperhidrosis (CH), a relatively common adverse event of the procedure, is sometimes problematic in a few patients.

Patients and Methods:
A questionnaire, including Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS), was designed to assess the overall satisfaction of patients who underwent bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy between November 2018 and July 2021. They were requested to respond to the questionnaire before surgery and during the follow-up visits.

Results:
Sixty-three patients were recruited, 37 males and 26 females. The age of the participants ranged from 6 to 27 years (mean 17.05 ± 5.55 years). Most patients reported a positive impact on their professional and social life. Two patients experienced significant compensatory hyperhydrosis impacting their daily life. There was a significant improvement of the HDSS score after surgery. Around 95.2% of the participants (n = 60) had three-point improvement indicating 80% reduction of sweat production.

Conclusion:
Bilateral endoscopic thoracoscopic sympathectomy has shown a high success rate with low adverse events. CH, however, remains a significant cause of morbidity in few patients. Therefore, continuous evaluation of patients’ satisfaction is of utmost importance to help improve our understanding to risk factors and prevalence of CH, improve our techniques to minimise its occurrence and treat patients with distressing symptoms. These data will guide surgeons when counselling patients to make insightful decisions based on the benefits and risks of the procedure.
Dexmedetomidine adjunct to ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for open inguinal hernia repair in the older adults: A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Zhang Xiaokun , Zhang Jinwei , Gu Wei , Wu Di , Shi Changxi , Ma Zhengliang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine on pain relief and quality of recovery in older patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair surgeries.

Methods:
This was a prospective and randomised clinical trial of 102 patients aged over 65 years who received an ultrasound-guided transversus open mesh herniorrhaphy abdominis plane (TAP) block with either 0.375% ropivacaine 20 ml (Group R, n = 47) or 0.375% ropivacaine combined with 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine 20 ml (Group RD, n = 45) in the pre-anaesthesia care unit before elective open inguinal hernia surgeries. The primary outcome measure was Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain scores at rest and on movement at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h and at 1 and 3 months’ postoperatively. The secondary outcome measures were the incidence of post-operative delirium (POD), nausea and vomiting and the occurrence of side effects or complications on post-operative day 1.

Results:
Group RD had lower VAS scores at rest and on movement at 8 and 12 h postoperatively and a lower incidence of POD on the post-operative day 1 than Group R. Transient bradycardia was more frequent in Group RD than in Group R, and side effects or post-operative complications were reported in either group.

Conclusion:
The addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine in a TAP block enhances postoperative analgesia during hospitalisation and improves the quality of recovery without affecting chronic pain in older patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair surgery.
Copyright law in the MOBA genre: a comparative analysis of DOTA2 and League of Legends
Authors: Jonker Cornelius , Karjiker Sadulla 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) video game genre has been plagued with copyright infringement cases. Some of the copyright challenges that face this genre stem from the fact that the progenitor to the genre, Defense of the Ancients (DotA), was a ‘mod’ created for an already-existing video game, Warcraft 3. Further, DotA was a community-based project and while there were predominantly three major ‘modders’, it is argued that many of the characters that appeared in DotA were, in themselves, copyrighted works that originated from contributors out of the playing-community, who made material contributions through forums, notice boards and the DotA Allstars website.
This article delves into the copyright challenges facing the genre, with a specific focus on DotA, DOTA2 and League of Legends (LOL). An in-depth study is done on the copyright ownership of the mod, DotA, with a conclusion being drawn that the copyright ownership of characters found in DotA is of utmost importance, as most of the other elements found in MOBA games are not worth copying. As will be illustrated, copyright infringement challenges in the MOBA industry usually revolve around the copying of characters, many of whom draw inspiration from characters that appeared in the progenitor, DotA. With the focus of copyright ownership shifting to the characters found in DotA, the ownership attributed to the three modders in the Blizzard Entertainment, Inc and Valve Corporation v. Lilith Games (Shanghai) Co. Ltd. and uCool, Inc. suit will be critically evaluated.
Finally, an approach is proposed for use in copyright infringement cases in the MOBA genre, specifically where the characters in contention are based on or derived from DotA characters, to try to address any potential copyright infringement claims where the alleged proprietor claiming infringement is not truly the copyright owner of the characters in question. As a practical illustration, the proposed approach will be applied to various DOTA2 and LOL characters, with a conclusion being drawn as to why there has been a lack of copyright infringement cases between Riot Games, the owner of LOL, and Valve Corporation, the owner of DOTA2, despite apparent similarities between various of their characters.
‘Consumer power’ on the power market: the new paradigm on electric power
Authors: Ribbing Sir Per 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the old, physical, way of regarding the Product Electricity as being similar to water flowing in pipes, the statement ‘All electricity mixes on the grid’ held true. The picture of a bathtub into which electricity was supplied (flowed) from different sources: Hydro, Nuclear, Fossil, and Wind & Solar was the norm, the ‘truth’. However, from a market and consumer power point of view, and from an economic point of view, this analogy with a bathtub actually reveals a misunderstanding of what the Product Electricity really is and how power is transferred from producer to consumer.
Electricity which is audited does not mix with any other electricity. Only electricity which is not audited does mix. The anonymous agents who are the carriers of the purchased Product Electricity, i.e. the kWh:s, they are mixed. The product itself (the Product Electricity) is not mixed, if audited. The old bathtub analogy is false. It is an old misunderstanding of how electric power is traded and transferred.
NB: It is electric power that is produced and consumed. Energy cannot be produced, nor consumed. The first law of thermodynamics states this as a fundamental law of nature.
The new paradigm on electric power explains how the Product Electricity is transferred from power generator to power consumer. The transfer is made by help of anonymous and interchangeable agents: kWh:s.
This is the correct way of understanding the new situation with deregulated power markets offering different ‘colours’ of power, i.e. electricity with different environmental loads, e.g. ‘Green Power’. The new paradigm uses an analogy with the banking system, ‘The Bank Grid’, where the parallel between bank grid and electric grid is, in fact, exact. In this new market situation the new paradigm on electric power shows that there exists a possible choice of not consuming any coal power.
The 10 hottest years ever measured globally have all occurred since 2010, with the top ten being 2016, 2020, 2019, 2015, 2017, 2021, 2018, 2014, 2010, 2013, respectively. The Climate Crisis is here. The New Paradigm on Electric Power shows us how we can choose to not consume any power produced by fossil energy.
During the energy crisis renewable energy grows, fossils and nuclear energy decrease
Authors: Zissler Romain 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the first half of 2022 renewable energy electricity grew phenomenally across the world enabling decreases in electricity generation from fossil fuels and nuclear power. However, even this extraordinary growth has been insufficient to trigger a deep decarbonization of the power sector – a prerequisite for carbon neutrality. This means further accelerating renewable energy expansion is necessary. To achieve this new acceleration, taking even more advantage of renewable energy’s strengths (economics and energy security) – magnified by the ongoing global energy crisis – and overcoming obstacles slowing down progress (integration challenges and public support) is critical.
Student self-evaluation of professionalism during advanced pharmacy practice experiences
Authors: O'Brocta Richard , Albanese Nicole Paolini 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: To analyse pharmacy students’ self-evaluation of professionalism criteria during their fourth year in Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) rotations. The authors hypothesised that at least 50% of the evaluation questions will have a self-evaluation rating of ‘exceeds expectations’.
Methods: Towards the end of each APPE rotation, students self-evaluated themselves against ten professionalism criteria using a rubric. The data were aggregated and analysed by rotation type and professionalism criteria.
Results: A total of 8,120 self-evaluations were reviewed. The percentage of evaluations that were rated at ‘exceeds expectations’ are as follows: Ambulatory Patient Care, 51.9%; Community Pharmacy, 63.4%; Inpatient General Medicine, 48.4%; Hospital/Health Systems, 53.9%; and Electives, 57.1%.
Conclusion: The percentage of professionalism self-evaluation ratings for all rotation types, except Inpatient General Medicine, were greater than 50% at the ‘exceeds expectation’ level. This data will be used for accreditation and quality improvement purposes.
Ocorrência de Tromboembolismo Pulmonar em doentes infetados por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Ferreira Ilisito , Gonçalves Carina , Félix Cátia , José Mónica 
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Este estudo foi realizado com intuito de dar um contributo na investigação sobre a existência de uma relação entre Covid-19 e ocorrência de Tromboembolismo Pulmonar (TEP) e teve como objetivo principal a descrição e análise do fenómeno da ocorrência de tromboembolismo pulmonar em doentes infetados por SARS-CoV-2 e compará-los com doentes Covid-19 negativo.
Materiais e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo retrospetivo de caso-controle, com base nos exames de Tomografia Computorizada (TC) com protocolo de Angio TC para TEP, que foram realizados no serviço de Imagiologia Geral do CHLN no período pré-Covid-19 entre dezembro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020, e no período pandémico entre dezembro de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021.
Resultados: Verificou-se que durante o período pandémico foram realizados 2025 TC do tórax na urgência Covid-19 dos quais 460 Angio TC com protocolo para TEP e na sala TC3 (sala reservada aos doentes do internamento Covid-19) foram realizados 616 TC do tórax dos quais 212 Angio TC com protocolo para TEP. No período pré-Covid-19 foram realizados 1231 TC do tórax dos quais 171 foram Angio TC com protocolo TEP.
Análise e Discussão: Na análise dos dados efetuada através do SPSS conclui-se que não houve um aumento de risco de ocorrência TEP em doentes Covid-19 que realizaram Angio TC pulmonar (ATCP) na urgência do CHLN, o internamento por Covid-19 não representou aumento do risco de ocorrência de TEP e que existiu uma associação positiva entre infeção por SARS-Cov-2 e D-dímeros elevados.
The Role of Social Media in Proliferating Violent Behavior Among College Students in District Layyah, Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Noor , Sattar Tehmina , Imdadullah Muhammad , Bashir Furrukh 
Published: January 2023

The usage of social media is the biggest catalyst that causes behavioral transitions among the younger age cohort. In the recent era of digitalization, the youth especially college students are addicted to various social media apps such as Facebook, Tik Tok, Twitter, Whats app, and Youtube. This younger age bracket used digital media to watch violent-based entertainment content, pornographies, and video games. Aligning this,cross-sectional survey research design was conducted in the four registered colleges of Layyah, Pakistan. A total sample size of N=263 respondents was selected through a de-facto method. Questionnaire was used as a tool for the data collection process. The responses of the participants were gathered and analyzed through SPSS Version-21. The findings of the study revealed that the younger students above the age of 18 years i.e. n=157 (59.7%), who belonged to the nuclear family system(n=123, 46.8%), had low parental education (n=53, 20.2%), and had a family income of ?30,000PKR (n=96, 36.5%) were more involved in the usage of social media apps which proliferates their violent behavioral conduct. Moreover, playing violent video games (n=210, 79.8%), watching action-based movies (n=217, 82.5%), destruction of someone's possessions (n=164, 62.4%), and watchinga person shooting (n=177, 67.3%) were the major parameters that played an imperative role in amplifying the violent behavior among college students. In conclusion, to share carrier goals, information, innovations, and methods of expression, students used social media sites for various action-based audio-visual content. The vigilance provided by the parents along with college administration and teachers can help to mitigate the role of social media in proliferating violence among youth in the study context.