bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Chicken Litter for In Situ Polymerization of Poly(Butylene Succinate) (PBS) Based Polymer Composites
Authors: Nascimento Carla Oliveira , Benites Vinícius De Melo , Cabral‐Albuquerque Elaine Christine de Magalhães , Pinto José Carlos , Fialho Rosana Lopes 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the recent years, the growing amounts and incorrect disposal of solid wastes have created serious negative environmental impacts, including land and water pollution. Chicken litter (CL) is a type of solid waste which is generated during chicken production, the appropriate final destination of which is still subject to technical discussion. Because CL is composed mostly of fibers, proteins, carbohydrates, and different minerals, the use of this material as a filler for the manufacture of polymer materials has been suggested. The main objective of the present work is the manufacture of polymer composites in situ polymerization using CL as a filler and succinic acid and 1,4‐butanediol as monomers, considering that the fiber content in CL is ≈20 wt%. The obtained poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) composites are characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), degradability in distilled water, and compression analyses. The results show that the addition of CL to the mixture do not affect the course of the polycondensation reaction significantly. Furthermore, compression tests show that the compressive strength of test pieces increases with the CL content.
A fast and practical computation method for magnetic resonance simulators
Authors: Takeshima Hidenori 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis work aims to develop a fast and practical computation method for MR simulations. The computational cost of MR simulations is often high because magnetizations of many isochromats are updated using a small step size on the order of microseconds. There are two types of subsequences to be processed for the simulations: subsequences with and without RF pulses. While straightforward implementations spend most of their time calculating subsequences with RF pulses, there is a method which efficiently reuses the computation for repetitive RF pulses.Theory and MethodsA new method for efficiently processing subsequences with RF pulses is proposed. Rather than using an iterative update approach, the proposed method computes the combined transition which combines all transitions applied iteratively for each subsequence with RF pulses. The combined transition is used again when the same subsequence is used later. The combined transitions are cached and managed using a least recently used algorithm.ResultsThe proposed method was found to accelerate the simulation by ˜20 times when 3.9 million isochromats were simulated using spin‐echo sequences. Even on a laptop computer, the proposed method was able to simulate these sequences in ˜3.5 min.ConclusionAn efficient method for simulating pulse sequences is proposed. The proposed method computes and manages combined transitions, making MR simulation practical on a wide range of computers, including laptops.
Automated acoustic detection of river herring (Alewife and Blueback Herring) spawning activity
Authors: Staples Amber , Legett Henry D. , Deichmann Jessica L. , Heggie Keira , Ogburn Matthew B. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
We used passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) and automatic detection of spawning splashes to examine the timing and environmental drivers of spawning in river herring (Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and Blueback Herring A. aestivalis).

Methods
Acoustic recordings of spawning splashes were collected from March to May 2021 in the Choptank River, Maryland, using an AudioMoth recorder. Recordings were analyzed using a random forest model on the Rainforest Connection ARBIMON platform to determine hourly presence–absence of splashes.

Result
At a seasonal scale, our results suggested two peaks in spawning activity: early March and mid-April, corresponding with the known phenologies of Alewife and Blueback Herring. Hourly patterns in spawning activity suggested distinct diel cycles, with spawning most concentrated at dawn. In contrast, sonar fish counts collected for 1 week during the season indicated that migration occurred throughout daylight hours. We also found a potential relationship between spawning activity and the presence of great blue herons Ardea herodias.

Conclusion
Overall, our results demonstrate that PAM can be an efficient and affordable method for studying the spawning ecology of anadromous fish.
Current nutrition assessment practice: A 2022 survey
Authors: Guenter Peggi , Blackmer Allison , Malone Ainsley , Phillips Wendy , Mogensen Kris M. , Becker Patricia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition remains a significant problem in patients with acute or chronic illnesses. Nutrition assessment is an important component in detecting malnutrition; but not always performed using a standardized tool. This survey on nutrition assessment evaluates current clinical practices on the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of malnutrition.MethodsThis 2022 survey of US‐based nutrition clinicians collected data on assessment parameters used in hospitals, long‐term care facilities, and the home care setting.ResultsA total of 686 surveys were available for analysis. Ninety‐seven percent of adult and 91% of pediatric responding clinicians indicated that a dietitian completed the assessment. Parameters used most frequently among adult clinician respondents included nutrient intake, current weight, and weight history, those used by pediatric clinician respondents included nutrient intake, weight‐for‐age z score, and weight‐for‐length/height z score. Eighty‐nine percent of adult clinicians in all care settings and 85% of pediatric clinicians use the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Indicators of Malnutrition (AAIM). Respondents reported malnutrition rates of 32%–40% for adults and 4%–30% for pediatric patients, depending on the setting. Appropriate interventions for those with malnutrition (as perceived by the survey respondents) were ordered 70% of the time.ConclusionThis survey demonstrated significant use of the AAIM by both adult and pediatric clinicians across care settings. Reported malnutrition rates are consistent with others published in the literature. The authors suggest that quality improvement efforts should focus on the 30% of patients with malnutrition but without a reported appropriate nutrition intervention.
They patronize herbal medicine, coincidence or planned behaviour: A case of hypertensive patients in Tamale?
Authors: Iddrisu Mohammed , Doat Abdul Razak , Abdulai Abdul Malik , Wuni Abubakari 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThis study assessed, if use of herbal medicine (HM) among hypertensive patients is coincidence or planned.DesignCross‐sectional survey.MethodsThe study used a cross‐sectional survey for collection of data from four (4) herbal medicine clinics in the Tamale metropolis in northern Ghana.ResultsThe final or overall regression model was significant at R2 = 0.350, F(7, 214) = 16.464, p < 0.001. No sociodemographic characteristic predicted herbal medicine use. Only religion and educational level were associated with herbal medicine use. Attitude (p = 0.002), subjective norms (p = 0.001) and behavioural intention (p = 0.000) significantly predicted HM use.Public contributionData were collected from respondents only after they had verbally given free and informed consent to take part in the study. The results of this study therefore showed that herbal medicine use among these patients is not coincidence but planned. Health professionals by this study should appreciate the effect of religion and educational background in their health education on Herbal Medicines.
Barriers and enabling factors for workplace integration of internationally qualified nurses: A qualitative study of perceptions of German nurses
Authors: Roth Catharina , Breckner Amanda , Wensing Michel , Mahler Cornelia , Krug Katja , Berger Sarah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimExamine perceptions of nurses who obtained a recognised nursing qualification in Germany about the integration of internationally qualified nurses (IQN) in the German nursing workforce.DesignQualitative interview study.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews with 21 state‐qualified nurses who had graduated from a German nursing program were conducted either face‐to‐face or by telephone. Nurses were selected using the purposive sampling method. Additionally, to reach a sufficient sample size, snowball sampling was applied. Each interview was pseudonymized and transcribed. Transcripts were coded according to Qualitative Content Analysis with data structured into themes and sub‐themes. The study was reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) checklist for qualitative research.ResultsTwo main themes including sub‐themes were identified: (a) Enabling Factors to Workplace Integration: motivated nursing team, structured orientation program, support by a preceptor, additional practical skills and specific language training and (b) Barriers to Workplace Integration: lack of language proficiency, cultural differences, othering and racism/discrimination. The findings of the study suggest that working in a diverse workplace can be challenging, it is therefore important for successful integration to recognise not only the experiences of IQN but also the perceptions of nurses who work with internationally qualified peers.No patient or public contribution.Registration numberThe study has been prospectively registered (27 June 2019) at the German Clinical Trial Register (REDACTED).
Compressible zinc‐ion hybrid supercapacitor and piezoresistive sensor based on reduced graphene oxide/polypyrrole modified melamine sponge
Authors: Wen Meichen , Yu Xiuwen , Yang Chao , Qiu Jianhui , Zang Limin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCompressible energy storage devices are very promising in wearable electronics owing to their stable performance under different compressed strains. Melamine sponge (MS) is modified by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and polypyrrole (PPy) to obtain the compressible positive electrode (PPy/rGO@MS) in this work. Then a compressible zinc‐ion hybrid supercapacitor (CZHS) with a novel construction is designed by sandwiching the PPy/rGO@MS positive electrode between two Zn foils to improve the utilization of active materials. The CZHS with an operating voltage within 0.2–1.8 V exhibits high specific capacity of 129.8 mAh g−1, energy density of 103.8 Wh kg−1, capacity retention of 72.0% after 15,000 GCD cycles. Besides, capacity retention of the CZHS is 90.9% after 3000 compression/release cycles with a compressive strain of 40%. The results indicate the CZHS has both outstanding electrochemical performance and high compressibility. The charge storage mechanism of the Zn//PPy/rGO@MS system is also investigated by electrochemical analysis and density functional theory. Taking advantage of the compressibility and sensitive resistance change of the PPy/rGO@MS composite, a piezoresistive sensor with similar construction as the CZHS is fabricated. This work provides an effective strategy for fabricating compressible energy storage device and piezoresistive sensor with high performance.
Students engagement in remote‐learning during the Covid‐19 crisis: The role of the support provided to teachers and the parent–teacher relationship
Authors: Gershy Naama , Katz Idit 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe global COVID‐19 pandemic has suddenly forced hundreds of millions of teachers to shift from in‐person to remote teaching. This abrupt change from classroom to home as the context for learning has required teachers to make substantial modifications and adjustments to engage their students in learning. This study was designed to explore what characterizes those teachers who better engage their students in learning. Based on the theoretical assumptions of Self Determination Theory (SDT), we asked whether teachers' experience of school as a need‐satisfying environment, their teaching style, efficacy, and their relations with the students' parents, impact students' engagement in remote learning. Three hundred and thirty‐six Israeli teachers completed self‐report questionnaires on need satisfaction, teaching efficacy, teaching style, parent–teacher relationship, and students' engagement during Israel's May 2020 school shutdown. The results showed that teachers' experience of need‐satisfaction emerged as a resource for teachers' efficacy, teaching style, and ability to create and maintain a positive relationship with parents. A positive relationship between parents and teachers, in turn, was associated with higher students' engagement in remote learning even when statistically controlling for socioeconomic status or grade level. These results highlight the critical role of the parent–teacher relationship in engaging students while learning remotely and suggest that the support provided to both teachers and parents can reduce disparities in students' engagement and promote engagement with learning under challenging contextual circumstances.
Measuring the impact of a positive psychology course at a Thai university: Addressing student well‐being in challenging times
Authors: McDonald Ian , Nanni Alexander 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEven before the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, researchers had raised concerns about the mental health of youth worldwide. One response has been the development of positive psychology interventions (PPIs) designed to enhance well‐being. This study, conducted at a Thai university, investigated the impact of an online positive psychology course containing several PPIs on student well‐being as measured by the EPOCH Measure of Adolescent Well‐Being, the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and Subjective Happiness Scale. The scores of the students in the positive psychology course (n = 84) increased in all areas measured, with statistically significant increases in the Perseverance, Optimism, and Happiness subscales of the EPOCH. Meanwhile, the scores of the control group (n = 105) decreased in all but two areas, with statistically significant decreases in the SWLS and Optimism. These findings suggest that teaching PPIs online can positively impact students' well‐being.
Advances in proteomic phenotyping of microglia in neurodegeneration
Authors: Sunna Sydney , Bowen Christine A. , Ramelow Christina C. , Santiago Juliet V. , Kumar Prateek , Rangaraju Srikant 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMicroglia are dynamic resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that sense, survey, and respond to changes in their environment. In disease states, microglia transform from homeostatic to diverse molecular phenotypic states that play complex and causal roles in neurologic disease pathogenesis, as evidenced by the identification of microglial genes as genetic risk factors for neurodegenerative disease. While advances in transcriptomic profiling of microglia from the CNS of humans and animal models have provided transformative insights, the transcriptome is only modestly reflective of the proteome. Proteomic profiling of microglia is therefore more likely to provide functionally and therapeutically relevant targets. In this review, we discuss molecular insights gained from transcriptomic studies of microglia in the context of Alzheimer's disease as a prototypic neurodegenerative disease, and highlight existing and emerging approaches for proteomic profiling of microglia derived from in vivo model systems and human brain.
The Resilience Scale for Parents of Children with Cancer: Scale development and psychometric evaluation
Authors: Önal Gözde , Huri Meral , Karakükçü Musa , Demir Hacı Ahmet 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a Resilience Scale for Parents of Children with Cancer (RSP‐CC) designed specifically for parents of children with cancer and to evaluate its psychometric properties.MethodsBased on the Resilience Model for Families of Children with Cancer, items were created after an extensive literature review and evaluated through expert consultation and a pilot study. Psychometric evaluation was conducted with the parents of 601 children with cancer in the pediatric hematology oncology services of different hospitals in the Ankara and Kayseri provinces in Turkey.ResultsA 4‐factor structure was illustrated by exploratory factor analysis and confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis, explaining 62.192% of the total variance. In the reliability analysis of the scale, Interclass correlation = 0.993 and Cronbach's alpha = 0.994 were found for the scale. Robust correlation coefficients were found between test‐retest, and the correlation between the two measurements was statistically significant (r = 0.990; p ˂ 0.001). As a result, the validity of a 24‐item scale structure consisting of 4 dimensions was validated.ConclusionsIt may be said that the RSP‐CC meets the necessary criteria to examine the resilience in parents of children aged 0–18 with a cancer diagnosis, and its psychometric properties are reasonable sufficient.
Kinetic evidence in favor of glyoxalase III and against deglycase activity of DJ‐1
Authors: Choi Joonhyeok , Tak Sungho , Jung Hoe‐Myung , Cha Soyoung , Hwang Eunha , Lee Donghan , Lee Joon‐Hwa , Ryu Kyoung‐Seok , Park Chankyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDJ‐1, a protein encoded by PARK7 plays a protective role against neurodegeneration. Since its glyoxalase III activity catalyzing methylglyoxal (MG) to lactate was discovered, DJ‐1 has been re‐established as a deglycase decomposing the MG‐intermediates with amino acids and nucleotides (hemithioacetal and hemiaminal) rather than MG itself, but it is still debatable. Here, we have clarified that human DJ‐1 directly recognizes MG, and not MG‐intermediates, by monitoring the detailed catalytic processes and enantiomeric lactate products. The hemithioacetal intermediate between C106 of 15N‐labeled DJ‐1 (15NDJ‐1) and MG was also monitored by NMR. TRIS molecule formed stable diastereotopic complexes with MG (Kd, 1.57 ± 0.27 mM) by utilizing its three OH groups, which likely disturbed the assay of deglycase activity. The low kcat of DJ‐1 for MG and its MG‐induced structural perturbation may suggest that DJ‐1 has a regulatory function as an in vivo sensor of reactive carbonyl stress.
Fast Quantifier of High‐Dimensional Frequency Entanglement through Hong–Ou–Mandel Interference
Authors: Hong Ling , Zhang Yuning , Chen Yuanyuan , Chen Lixiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHigh‐dimensional frequency entanglement is an enabling resource in quantum technology due to its high information capacity and error resilience. A concise yet efficient method for precisely quantifying its dimensionality remains an open challenge, owing to the difficulties for performing required superposition measurements in energy‐time domains, and the complexity associated with full quantum state tomography that scales unfavorably with dimensions. With the assistance of Hong–Ou–Mandel experiment that performs a Fourier transform between the entangled photons in terms of joint spectral intensities and the quantum interference in terms of biphoton temporal coincidences, the concept of Shannon dimensionality as a fast quantifier of bipartite continuous frequency entanglement is unlocked. This quantitative technique reveals the complete distribution of frequency entanglement but without suffering from any limitation of modal capacity of the detection geometry. These results may significantly facilitate the use of quantum interference for characterizing the high‐dimensional entanglement nature by avoiding some stringent conditions.
Deterministic algorithms for the Lovász local lemma: Simpler, more general, and more parallel
Authors: Harris David G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Lovász local lemma (LLL) is a keystone principle in probability theory, guaranteeing the existence of configurations which avoid a collection of “bad” events which are mostly independent and have low probability. A seminal algorithm of Moser and Tardos (J. ACM, 2010, 57, 11) (which we call the MT algorithm) gives nearly‐automatic randomized algorithms for most constructions based on the LLL. However, deterministic algorithms have lagged behind. We address three specific shortcomings of the prior deterministic algorithms. First, our algorithm applies to the LLL criterion of Shearer (Combinatorica, 1985, 5, 241–245); this is more powerful than alternate LLL criteria and also leads to cleaner and more legible bounds. Second, we provide parallel algorithms with much greater flexibility. Third, we provide a derandomized version of the MT‐distribution, that is, the distribution of the variables at the termination of the MT algorithm. We show applications to non‐repetitive vertex coloring, independent transversals, strong coloring, and other problems.
Rapidly Progressing Necrotic Hand Ulcer in a Patient with Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Wang Hua Xian Elizabeth , Ooi Xue Ting , Lim Kok Hing , Oh Choon Chiat 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Mucormycosis is a fungal infection caused by opportunistic fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota, subphylum Mucormycotina. In developed countries, it affects patients with haematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy and those who have received allogenic stem cell transplants, while in developing countries it is seen in those with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Herein, we report a case of cutaneous mucormycosis in a 67yo Chinese gentleman with background of angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) on chemotherapy. We also share the clinicopathological findings of this and correlate these findings with those present in the current literature. Finally, we outline treatment options and prognosis of cutaneous mucormycosis.
Total Synthesis of Natural Products Dysideolide A and B
Authors: Anil Talakokkula , Karunakar Baikadi , Ranganath Prathapagiri L. N. , Narsaiah Akkirala Venkat 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe total synthesis of marine sponge products dysideolide A and B have been achieved in stereo controlled manner. The butenolide and pentenolide lactones are consisting of sensitive, α,β‐unsaturated cis‐olefin functional group and which was installed by Still‐Gennari olefination with ketone. The synthesis starts from D‐mannitol and D‐ribose respectively. Notable features of the synthesis are Z‐selective Still‐Gennari olefination, Pinnick oxidation and Shiina macrolactonization.
Mannich Reaction: Review of Amine‐Functionalized Lignin Derivatives and Their Applications
Authors: Jayaramudu Tippabattini , Varaprasad Kokkarachedu , Adamus Grazyna , Amber Jennings Jessica , Bumgardner Joel D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent years naturally resourced materials have played a significant role in many applications ranging from biomedical to automotive applications. Among them, lignin has received much attention towards these applications owing to its abundance and readily modified chemical structures. Recent research studies have focused on various chemical modifications of lignin, including the increasingly popular Mannich reaction that aminates the lignin structure to expand the applicability of lignin in advanced fields. This article reviews the recent Mannich reaction‐based lignin developments with different types of amines used in lignin modifications and discusses how the reaction enhances functionality in engineering, biomedical and environmental technology applications.