bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A preliminary randomized trial of a brief dissonance‐based type 2 diabetes prevention programme for adults with pre‐diabetes
Authors: Stice Eric , Rohde Paul , Desjardins Christopher D. , Gee Kristen , Shaw Heather , Kim Sun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveConduct a preliminary randomized trial that compared a 6‐week type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevention programme to an educational video control for adults with pre‐diabetes.MethodsAdults (N = 62) with pre‐diabetes were randomized to the group‐delivered Project Health T2D or an educational video control, completing measures at pre‐test, post‐test and 3‐month follow‐up.ResultsParticipants randomized to the intervention versus control condition showed significantly greater reductions in body fat (d = 0.76, p = 0.002; d = 1.07, p < 0.001), weight (d = 0.59, p = 0.030; 0.65, p = 0.017) and body mass index (BMI = kg/m2; d = 0.60, p = 0.030; 0.67, p = 0.014), significantly greater increases in lean mass (d = 0.80, p = 0.003; 0.93, p = 0.001) at post‐test and 3‐month follow‐up, respectively, and marginally greater reductions in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (d = 0.54, p = 0.056), but not fasting plasma glucose at 3‐month follow‐up (d = 0.25, p = 0.364). Project Health T2D also produced a marginally greater 75% reduction in future onset of type 2 diabetes compared with educational controls, reducing incidence over the total 5‐month observation period from 15% to 4% (odds ratio = 4.52, p = 0.096).ConclusionsProject Health T2D produced encouraging reductions in body fat, weight and T2D incidence, and increases in lean mass, and is less intensive than other lifestyle modification T2D prevention programme, suggesting that it might be useful to evaluate in a fully powered efficacy trial with a longer follow‐up.
Teacher Education in the Age of Digitality: Conclusions From a Design‐Based Research Project
Authors: Bernsteiner Angelika , Haagen‐Schützenhöfer Claudia , Schubatzky Thomas 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn response to the essential need for digital competences in education, a 3‐year Design‐Based Research project was conducted to prepare pre‐service mathematics and science teachers for the demands of teaching in the digital age. Over three design cycles, an evidence‐based course design for teaching and learning with and about digital media was developed. The interactions of 37 pre‐service teachers with the course design were examined using a mixed‐methods approach. Acceptance surveys, pre‐, mid‐, post‐surveys and reflection journals informed iterative phases of refinement. This article presents global project findings and derives contributions to context‐specific theories about teaching and learning with and about digital media. From this, key implications for higher (teacher) education are discussed, such as the use of scaffolds and teaching vignettes to promote self‐efficacy expectations for implementing digital data acquisition and the use of the SAMR model as a scaffold for planning digitally transformed lessons.
Investigating How Teacher Educators Perceive and Manage Their Diverse Conceptions of Teaching
Authors: Cheng Hong‐Yu , Bin‐Qian Feng , Jiang Hao‐Zhe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMany previous studies have indicated that teachers often hold a blend of conceptions of teaching, combining both teacher‐oriented and student‐oriented perspectives. This research extends the existing literature by investigating whether these mixed conceptions lead to dissonant combinations, and by examining how teachers perceive and manage these diverse teaching perspectives. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with a group of Chinese teacher educators at a university. Based on data from 93 participants, the study identified nine strategies employed by participants to integrate teacher‐oriented and student‐oriented perspectives at both individual component and cross‐component levels. It was also found that the use of these strategies enabled participants to construct four distinct combinations of conceptions of teaching, each corresponding to a specific approach to instruction. The research reminds education researchers to exercise caution when adopting a dichotomous perspective for categorising teaching approaches. The findings contribute to instructional design and teacher education by providing a deeper understanding of the relationships between distinct teaching conceptions, and encouraging teachers and teacher educators to explore more effective ways of integrating various teaching perspectives and methods to enhance instructional effectiveness.
The Impact of AI on the Personal and Collaborative Learning Environments in Higher Education
Authors: Msambwa Msafiri Mgambi , Wen Zhang , Daniel Kangwa 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTArtificial intelligence (AI) has extensively developed, impacting different sectors of society, including higher education, and has attracted the attention of various educational stakeholders, leading to a growing number of research on its integration into education. Hence, this systematic literature review examines the impact of integrating AI tools in higher education on students' personal and collaborative learning environments. Analysis of 148 articles published between 2021 and 2024 indicates that AI Tools improve personalised learning and assessments, communication and engagement, and scaffolding performance and motivation. Additionally, they promote a collaborative learning environment by providing peer‐learning opportunities, enhanced learner‐content interaction and cooperative learning support. Indeed, strategies such as skills development, ethical use, academic integrity and instructional content design. Acknowledged limitations include ethical considerations, particularly privacy and bias, which require ongoing attention. Hence, it is recommended to create a good balance between AI‐mediated and human interaction in learning environments, a key area of future exploration.
Because of Love, I Won't Leave: Harmonious Passion and Turnover Intention Among Primary and Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Hong Xinwei , Xue Lulu , Ma Yue , Fan Hang , Chen Zhengdong , Chen Lipeng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe high turnover rates of primary and secondary school teachers have become a serious problem in many countries, including China. To date, studies on the relationship between harmonious passion and turnover intention amongst primary and secondary school teachers remain scarce. Based on the conservation of resources theory, this study explored the relationship between harmonious passion and turnover intention, as well as the mediating role of emotional labour (deep acting, surface acting and genuine expression) and the moderating role of psychological empowerment. Data were extracted from 3336 primary and secondary school teachers. The results revealed the following: (1) Harmonious passion negatively predicted turnover intention. (2) Harmonious passion was associated with teachers' turnover intention through the mediating effect of emotional labour. (3) Psychological empowerment moderated the relationship between surface acting and turnover intention. The findings provide effective recommendations for the prevention and intervention of turnover intention amongst primary and secondary school teachers.
Smart Learning and Climate Change Awareness: A Simulation‐Based Case Study in Morocco
Authors: Marhraoui Mohamed Amine , Ojubanire Olugbenga Ayo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrior research has highlighted the importance of smart learning in raising awareness and engagement about sustainable development. Nevertheless, few papers have focused on the impact of climate change simulation environments. In this paper, a systematic literature review has helped to shed the light on the research gaps and to propose a conceptual framework. Then, we have adopted a mixed method based on semi‐structured interviews and a questionnaire carried out for second year business students through different academic years. This case study aims both to compare the simulation‐based experience for two classes and to test our proposed framework's hypotheses through partial least‐squares method. The results have allowed us to explore the impact of using EN‐ROADS climate change simulator and to assess the relationship between climate change awareness, level of engagement and policy priorities. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first case studies exploring the potential impact of using climate change simulation tools. The study can help either practitioners like policy makers and university managers in adapting their curriculum, or researchers to test or extend our proposed framework.
Efficacy and safety of tirofiban in acute ischemic stroke patients with ideal reperfusion: A cohort study of LAA and CE subgroups
Authors: Yue Chengsong , Liu Xiang , Guo Changwei , Wang Lilan , Zhao Wenlong , Sun Wenzhe , Song Jiaxing , Yang Jie , Li Linyu , Yu Nizhen , Yang Shihai , Shi Xiaolei , Huang Jiacheng , Kong Weiling , Li Zhenqiang , Yang Shunyu , Yang Shuang , Zi Wenjie , Lin Yi , Li Fengli 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDespite achieving ideal reperfusion (eTICI = 3) through endovascular treatment (EVT), some acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients still experience poor outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban in AIS patients with ideal reperfusion, focusing on its effects in large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and cardioembolic (CE) stroke.MethodsA total of 474 AIS patients from the RESCUE‐BT database were included. Patients were assigned to either the tirofiban or placebo group based on the treatment received. The primary outcome was favorable functional recovery at 90 days (mRS ≤2), and safety outcomes included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and 90‐day mortality. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for confounders, and subgroup and interaction analyses assessed tirofiban's efficacy in LAA and CE populations.ResultsIn the overall population that achieved ideal reperfusion, Tirofiban did not improve clinical outcomes and did not increase the risk of mortality or incidence of sICH (p > 0.05). However, subgroup analysis indicated potential clinical benefits for patients with higher NIHSS scores in the LAA group, especially in the subgroup with NIHSS scores >13 (adjusted OR 4.671, 95% CI [1.545, 14.122]). No significant differences were found in the CE group.ConclusionsTirofiban showed potential benefits for LAA patients with ideal reperfusion, especially those with NIHSS scores above 13. Careful patient selection is recommended.
Bi‐LORA: A Vision‐Language Approach for Synthetic Image Detection
Authors: Keita Mamadou , Hamidouche Wassim , Bougueffa Eutamene Hessen , Taleb‐Ahmed Abdelmalik , Camacho David , Hadid Abdenour 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAdvancements in deep image synthesis techniques, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs) and diffusion models (DMs), have ushered in an era of generating highly realistic images. While this technological progress has captured significant interest, it has also raised concerns about the high challenge in distinguishing real images from their synthetic counterparts. This paper takes inspiration from the potent convergence capabilities between vision and language, coupled with the zero‐shot nature of vision‐language models (VLMs). We introduce an innovative method called Bi‐LORA that leverages VLMs, combined with low‐rank adaptation (LORA) tuning techniques, to enhance the precision of synthetic image detection for unseen model‐generated images. The pivotal conceptual shift in our methodology revolves around reframing binary classification as an image captioning task, leveraging the distinctive capabilities of cutting‐edge VLM, notably bootstrapping language image pre‐training (BLIP)2. Rigorous and comprehensive experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of our proposed approach, particularly in detecting unseen diffusion‐generated images from unknown diffusion‐based generative models during training, showcasing robustness to noise, and demonstrating generalisation capabilities to GANs. The experiments show that Bi‐LORA outperforms state of the art models in cross‐generator tasks because it leverages multi‐modal learning, open‐world visual knowledge, and benefits from robust, high‐level semantic understanding. By combining visual and textual knowledge, it can handle variations in the data distribution (such as those caused by different generators) and maintain strong performance across different domains. Its ability to transfer knowledge, robustly extract features and perform zero‐shot learning also contributes to its generalisation capabilities, making it more adaptable to new generators. The experimental results showcase an impressive average accuracy of 93.41% in synthetic image detection on unseen generation models. The code and models associated with this research can be publicly accessed at https://github.com/Mamadou‐Keita/VLM‐DETECT.
Increased Mineral‐Associated Organic Carbon and Persistent Molecules in Allochthonous Blue Carbon Ecosystems
Authors: Li Yuan , Fu Chuancheng , Ye Chenglong , Song Zhaoliang , Kuzyakov Yakov , Vancov Tony , Guo Laodong , Luo Zhongkui , Van Zwieten Lukas , Wang Yidong , Luo Yu , Wang Weiqi , Zeng Lin , Han Guangxuan , Wang Hailong , Luo Yongming 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCoastal wetlands contain very large carbon (C) stocks—termed as blue C—and their management has emerged as a promising nature‐based solution for climate adaptation and mitigation. The interactions among sources, pools, and molecular compositions of soil organic C (SOC) within blue C ecosystems (BCEs) remain elusive. Here, we explore these interactions along an 18,000 km long coastal line of salt marshes, mangroves, and seagrasses in China. We found that mineral‐associated organic C (MAOC) is enriched in BCEs dominated by allochthonous inputs and abundant active minerals, leading to an increased proportion of persistent organic molecules. Specifically, soils with large allochthonous inputs (> 50%) are characterized by a substantial contribution of MAOC (> 70%) to total SOC with a notable preservation of lipids (36%) across salt marshes, mangroves, and seagrasses. The burial of allochthonous particles, derived from external sources such as rivers or tidal influxes, facilitates the formation of stable MAOC through binding to mineral surfaces or occlusion within microaggregates. The proportions of particulate organic C (POC) and MAOC are important predictors for molecular compositions of soil organic matter. Lipid proportions within molecular composition decrease as POC and autochthonous C proportions increase. These findings provide new insights into the coupled control over SOC sequestration in BCEs, emphasizing the role of allochthonous inputs, proportions of carbon pools, and persistent organic components.
How Do Interpreters Not Know Language? Monolingual Approaches to Multilingual Minorities in Interpreting
Authors: Cho Jinhyun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study examines how linguistic minorities’ language needs are overlooked in relation to interpreter arrangement via established monolingual practices and ideologies of language barriers. It seeks to problematise the common view of interpreting as a solution to language barriers, through which to highlight the importance of accommodating the often‐multilingual nature of minority languages for interpreting to ensure access equity. Drawing on one‐on‐one interviews with health care interpreters in Australia, the study investigates common problems with language identification in the case of Afghan speakers not proficient in English. The findings reveal that Afghan people tend to identify Dari, one of the official languages of Afghanistan, with Farsi, commonly known as the language of Iran, owing to the historical sociolinguistic dynamics of Afghanistan. The Afghan tendency is, however, not accommodated in the Australian language assessment tool for minority individuals, which exclusively focuses on English language proficiency of minority groups, leading to problems with interpreter arrangement for Afghan people. By illuminating monolingual biases in language barriers involving minority groups, the research has both theoretical and practical implications through which to reapproach language barriers for ethnic minorities from an inclusive perspective.
Desmoplastic melanoma in Sweden in 2009–2022: A population‐based registry study demonstrating distinctive tumour characteristics, incidence and survival trends
Authors: Girmay Yodit , Portelli Francesca , Mikiver Rasmus , Lapins Jan , Isaksson Karolin , Helgadottir Hildur 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundDesmoplastic melanoma (DM) is a rare subtype, accounting for less than 5% of primary cutaneous invasive melanomas. DM often arises in chronically sun‐exposed skin, in older individuals. While the incidence of cutaneous melanoma has increased globally, trends specific to DM are less documented and studies on survival outcomes for DM are inconsistent.ObjectivesTo study patient and tumour characteristics, incidence trends and survival outcomes of desmoplastic melanoma in comparison with other melanoma subtypes using data from the population‐based Swedish Melanoma Registry (SweMR).MethodsClinicopathological variables were obtained from SweMR, for patients diagnosed with invasive cutaneous melanomas diagnosed in Sweden from 2009 to 2022. Incidence rates of DM per 100,000 inhabitants were calculated. DM cases were identified and survival outcomes were compared across DM, superficial spreading melanoma (SSM), nodular melanoma (NM) and lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM). Survival was analysed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression methods.ResultsAmong 48,945 invasive melanomas, 388 (0.8%) were identified as DM. The incidence ranged between 0.1 and 0.4 cases per 100,000, without a evident rise, beside a certain peak in 2019–2020 in the men. DM had compared to other melanoma subtypes the thickest primary tumours (p < 0.001). When adjusting for baseline prognostic factors, DM patients had an improved melanoma‐specific survival (HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.26–0.49). No significant improvement in survival was observed for DM diagnosed in 2015–2022 compared to those diagnosed in 2009–2014 (adjusted HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.45–2.14), whereas other subtypes showed an improvement (adjusted HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.68–0.80).ConclusionIn contrast to the rising incidence of other melanoma subtypes, the incidence of DM has remained more stable over recent years. Despite presenting with adverse prognostic features, survival from DM is superior when adjusting for these factors. However, the introduction of anti‐PD‐1 therapy has not significantly improved survival for DM patients.
Osmia cornuta Is a More Suitable Managed Pollinator for Cherry and Apple Orchards Than Osmia bicornis
Authors: Magnin Laurie , Bianchi Felix , Hagenbucher Steffen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTManaged crop pollination strongly relies on the honeybee Apis mellifera and the bumblebee Bombus terrestris, which is risky, may impact wild pollinator communities and does not always give the best pollination outcomes. The mason bees Osmia cornuta and Osmia bicornis are increasingly used as alternative crop pollinators, but it is not clear how suitable these species are for fruit pollination. Here we assessed the suitability of O. cornuta and O. bicornis as managed pollinators in two cherry and four apple orchards. O. cornuta and O. bicornis were introduced in the orchards at the start of blooming. We assessed their time till emergence, nesting rate, abundance in orchards via transect walks, flower visitation rate in 20‐min time counts and pollen composition on their bodies. O. cornuta emerged 4 ± 2 days earlier and had a minimum of 5‐fold higher nesting rate than O. bicornis in cherry and apple orchards. Transect walks revealed that O. cornuta was more abundant in orchards than O. bicornis (21.2% ± 10.1% vs. 1.3% ± 1.8% of all observed pollinators) and more frequently observed visiting flowers (53 vs. 5 visits for O. cornuta and O. bicornis, respectively). Pollen loads of O. cornuta contained 95% of Rosacea plants (likely apple and cherry), whereas this was 30% for O. bicornis, indicating that O. bicornis mainly foraged outside the orchards. These findings indicate that O. cornuta is a better pollinator than O. bicornis for early blooming crops, such as cherry and apple, in the relatively cool and rainy weather conditions during our study.
Social Disengagement in Post‐Pandemic China: A Translation, Validation and Cross‐Cultural Comparison of the Pandemic Disengagement Syndrome Scale
Authors: Pang Boruijie , Zhang Jiahe , Mancini Anthony D. , Chi Xinli , Prati Gabriele 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn contrast to abundant research on the various acute mental effects of COVID‐19, the long‐term influences of the pandemic are still underexplored in China owing to the paucity of assessment tools. The Pandemic Disengagement Syndrome Scale (PDSS) assesses people's social disengagement as a lasting psychological consequence in Western countries during the post‐COVID‐19 pandemic era. However, its generalizability across cultures is untested.ObjectivesThe present studies aimed to validate Chinese PDSS and compare disengagement syndrome levels among China, the United States and Italy.MethodIn Study 1, a Chinese version of the PDSS was developed, psychometric properties including factor structure, internal consistency, measurement invariance across gender and country, discriminant validity, and test‐retest reliability were tested. Study 2 examined demographic differences in the pandemic disengagement syndrome in China and compared Chinese PDSS scores and those in the United States and Italy (Ns = 415US, 455Italy, 826China).Results and ConclusionThe findings indicated that disengagement syndrome may exist among Chinese people even substantially after the acute phases of the pandemic. Meanwhile, the Chinese PDSS demonstrating acceptable psychometric features can be a valid instrument to assess the syndrome. Several possible reasons for the persistence of disengagement in China are discussed.