bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Aesthetics and Aesthetic Machine Attention
Authors: Okulov Jaana 
Published: April 2023

The aesthetics of artificial intelligence is often viewed in relation to the qualities of their generated expressions. However, aesthetics could have a broader role in developing machine perception. One of the main areas of expertise in aesthetics is the understanding of feature-based information, which involves how the aesthetics of sensory features can cause affective changes in the perceiver, and the other way around – how affective states can give rise to certain kinds of aesthetic features. This two-way link between aesthetic features and affects is not yet well-established in the interdisciplinary discussion; however, according to perceptual psychology, it fundamentally constructs the human experience.
Machine attention is an emerging technique in machine learning that is most often used in tasks like object detection, visual question answering, and language translation. Modern use of technology most often focuses on creating object-based attention through linguistic categories, although the models could also be utilized for nonverbal attention. This paper proposes the following perceptual conditions for aesthetic machine attention: 1) acknowledging that something appears (aesthetic detection); 2) suspension of judgment (aesthetic recognition); and 3) making the incident explicit with expression (aesthetic identification and amplification). These aspects are developed through an interdisciplinary reflection of literature from the fields of aesthetics, perceptual psychology, and machine learning. The paper does not aim to give a general account of aesthetic perception but to expand the interdisciplinary theory of aesthetics and specify the role of aesthetics among other disciplines at the heart of the technological development of the human future.

Article received: May 10, 2022; Article accepted: July 15, 2022; Published online: October 15, 2022; Original scholarly paper
Study the Role of the Efflux Pump in Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Nazhad Hassan Mohammed  , Sahand Kamaluldeen Arif  
Published: April 2023

Thirty-one A. baumannii isolates were obtained from Shar and Burn hospitals in Sulaimani City, KRG-Iraq. Bacterial identification was confirmed by detecting both 16S rRNA and blaOXA-51 genes. The detection of carbapenem resistant isolates was carried out using Kirby- Bauer, RAPDEC Carba NP and combined disc assays. A high rate of drug resistance was observed, as 74.2% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 38.7% were extensively drug-resistant (XDR), while carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) comprised approximately 58% of the isolates. Among CRAB isolates, carbapenemase production was detected by using the RAPDEC Carba NP and the combined disc assays in 88.8% (16/18) and 55.5% (10/18) of the isolates respectively. Phenotypic activity of efflux pump was detected among 22.5% of all isolates and 38.8% of CRAB isolates. PCR successfully identified the adeA, adeB, adeC, adeR, and adeS genes in 83.9%, 90.3%, 58%, 80.6%, and 90.3% of the isolates, respectively.
Eight mutations in adeR and 15 mutations in adeS regulatory genes were recorded. We conclude that carbapenem resistance mechanisms in A. bumanni isolates included mutations in adeRS regulatory genes and production of carbapenemase.
Validity of the Lower Zab River Sediments for Road and Asphalt Works - Southwest of Kirkuk/Northern Iraq
Authors: Ibrahim Mustafa Hassan  , Mohammed Rashid Abood  , Lafta Salman Kadhim  
Published: April 2023

In this study, a geotechnical assessment of gravel and sand deposits were conducted on both sides of the Lower Zab River in the southwest of Kirkuk Governorate/Northern Iraq. geologically the sediment related to Quaternary age and tectonically located at the unstable zone. 5 samples were collected from the study area for the purpose of conducting various geotechnical tests on them and their validity for road works to the sub-base layer and the base layer for asphalt works.
The results of the physical tests were shown by grain size analysis of thes aggregates for the samples of the study area, and it was found that they are identical to class (A) According to the American Standard [1], and suitable for use in road works for the sub-base layer. The moisture ratio ranging between (1.95 - 4.26) %. The tests of flatness and elongation showed that the highest percentage of flat-shaped particles was (29%) and longitudinal-shaped particles (19%).
The laboratory tests results showed the durability tests such as - Los Angeles test the highest percentage of weight loss was (20.06%), and thus it is valid according to the Iraqi Standard Specification [2] for use in road works. the highest result of test the aggregate impact value of samples is 7.8%, It conforms to the requirements of specifications that must be provided for road works for a sub base layer. Accordingly it is valid for road works. It was found from Proctor test for (5) samples from the study area that the values of the maximum dry density ranged between (2.14-2.28 gm/cm3), and the values of the optimum moisture content ranged between (3.1-2.41%).
An asphalt typical mixture was designed for the base layer from the aggregate of the first station S1 as represent station consisting of coarse crushed aggregate 12%, medium crushed aggregate 22%, fine crushed aggregate 20%, river sand 40% and the proportion of filler 6%. The results of the asphalt tests for the ideal station S1 showed that the ideal percentage of asphalt from the weight of the mixture in the asphalt mixture is 4.1, which is within the limits of the specification Roads and Bridges [3]. The percentage of asphalt to the weight of the aggregate after adding the ideal percentage of asphalt showed that its value was 4.3%, As for the stability test result (Marshall), it reached 11.4 kN, and the result of the creep test (Marshall) reached 2.9 mm, and the density was 2.362
Valery Bryusov and Urban Folklore: a game with genre tradition
Authors: Kartasheva Anna Olegovna , Ustinovskaya Alena Aleksandrovna 
Published: April 2023

The subject of the study is a literary game with the genre tradition of urban romance and factory (working) songs in the poetry of the poet of the Silver Age Valery Bryusov. The object of the study is Bryusov's genre palette and his creative searches in relation to the extensive development of genres of domestic and foreign literature, as well as folklore. The authors consider in detail such aspects of the topic as Bryusov's genre strategies, his playing with genre constants and the deliberate distortion of the genre "grid" of the working song with the involvement of features of another, related genre of violent urban romance. Special attention is paid to the catamnesis of Bryusov's texts: their further embodiment in music as songs, both purposeful and spontaneous. The main conclusions of the study are observations on the stylization of folklore in the literature of the Silver Age and reflections on the genre nature of the works of one of the most significant collections of poems by Bryusov, “Urbi et orbi” (1903). A special contribution of the authors to the study of the topic is their consistent tracing in Bryusov's "songs" of the presence of references to specific realities included in the apperceptive base of the reader and the author himself. The novelty of the research lies in the appeal to the genre of urban romance and factory song in Bryusov's work and in the expansion of the evidence base of observations on the genre diversity of the work of this poet and prose writer.
Features of Network Relationships in Business Ecosystems
Authors: Suvaryan A. M. , Karapetyan A. E. 
Published: April 2023

This research is devoted to the investigation of issues concerning widespread integration into business communities in order to achieve common goals. This integration is the result of society’s evolving requirements, which need a sustainable solution in the 21st century.Organizations alone cannot create advanced solutions in modern times, so legally independent “equal” participants band together to solve common goals in order to improve the overall competitiveness of the business ecosystem.Management theory provides a large arena for thought on the management of distinct non-hierarchical connections between partners in business ecosystems. Launching innovations are needed on shifting the paradigm of competition, reworking the principles of generating partnerships, switching to process management, and, in general, constructing organizational mechanisms in “non-organizational forms”.The study focuses on the difficulties of nonlinear connection construction and maintenance in nonhierarchical organizations with multilateral interactions, stages of business ecosystem growth, and fundamental principles of business ecosystem development and creation.
Implementation of National Leprosy Eradication Programme during COVID-19 era: A qualitative research
Authors: Bhattacharya Tridibes , Das Somenath , Sarkar Aditya Prasad , Patra Aparesh Chandra , Sarkar Debajit , Das Nilay Kanti 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic imposed new challenge to the implementation of the National Leprosy Eradication Programme. According to national data, after lockdown due to COVID-19, there was a 29% reduction in total leprosy cases reported in the first quarter (April-June) of 2020 in comparison to 2019.

Objectives
To explore the difficulties faced by different stakeholders of the National Leprosy Eradication Programme like policy makers, doctors, grass root level health workers as well as leprosy patients during COVID-19 pandemic with respect to programme implementation and access to leprosy care.

Materials and Methods
Qualitative research was undertaken including two focus-group-discussions held among six leprosy patients diagnosed after lockdown and nine ASHA workers as well as six in-depth interviews of doctors, leprologists, and programme managers. Ethics committee approval was sought and informed consent was obtained from all participants. All focus-group-discussions were electronically recorded and the in-depth interviews telephonically recorded, transcribed and translated from Bengali-to-English. Transcripts were separately coded by researchers and thematically analysed with the help of Visual-Anthropac software version 1.0.

Results
Solitary focus on COVID-19 control, capacity building and information, education and communication, leprosy case search & surveillance, co-infection among health workers, transportation issues were the themes explored from focus-group-discussions of health workers and ASHA workers. Similarly, the present study identified six themes from in-depth interviews of programme manager, leprologists, programme manager as diagnostic difficulty, operational issues, rehabilitation issues, capacity building & information education and communication activities and way forward.

Limitations
The research reveals the perceptions of rural population of Eastern India with high leprosy prevalence, which might not be applicable for urban areas or low prevalent districts

Conclusion
The solitary focus of the administration towards COVID and shifting the infrastructure and human resource only towards the management of COVID can lead to resurgence of the leprosy. Having an organised framework of operations, catering to the need of the front-line workers in rendering services, utilizing the digital platform and social media, and focusing on rehabilitation would be needed to overcome the crisis.
Clinical outcomes and thermodynamics aspect of direct brain cooling in severe head injury
Authors: Idris Zamzuri , Yee Ang Song , Wan Hassan Wan Mohd Nazaruddin , Hassan Mohamad Hasyizan , Ab Mukmin Laila , Mohamed Zain Khairu Anuar , Manaf Asrulnizam Abd , Balandong Rodney Petrus , Tang Tong Boon 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Brain cooling therapy is one of the subjects of interest, and currently, data on direct brain cooling are lacking. Hence, the objective is to investigate the clinical outcomes and discuss the thermodynamics aspect of direct brain cooling on severely injured brain patients.

Methods:
This pilot study recruited the severely injured brain patients who were then randomized to either a direct brain cooling therapy group using a constant cooling temperature system or a control group. All studied patients must be subjected to an emergency neurosurgical procedure of decompressive craniectomy and were monitored with intracranial pressure, brain oxygenation, and temperature. Further, comparison was made with our historical group of patients who had direct brain cooling therapy through the old technique.

Results:
The results disclosed the direct brain cooling treated patients through a newer technique obtained a better Extended Glasgow Outcome Score than a control group (P < 001). In addition, there is a significant outcome difference between the combined cooling treated patients (new and old technique) with the control group (P < 0.001). Focal brain oxygenation and temperature are likely factors that correlate with better outcomes.

Conclusion:
Direct brain cooling is feasible, safe, and affects the clinical outcomes of the severely traumatized brain, and physics of thermodynamics may play a role in its pathophysiology.
Intraoperative complications of vertebral body stenting system
Authors: Kanematsu Ryo , Hanakita Junya , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Minami Manabu , Nakamura Sho , Tokunaga Shinya , Suda Izumi 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Vertebral body stenting systems (VBSs) are superior to balloon kyphoplasty for performing vertebral augmentation and height restoration. However, VBS may likely result in more material-related complications that have been under-reported. Here, an 84-year-old female’s vertebral stents “toppled over” before the filling cement was fully applied, thus necessitating an additional posterior fusion.

Case Description:
An 84-year-old female presented with low back pain after a fall. Dynamic standing and decubitus X-rays revealed a vertebral compression fracture at T12 resulting in an intravertebral vacuum cleft (i.e., the lowermost level of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis). When the VBS was performed, the stents “toppled over” just after removing the balloon catheters; we successfully restored with the cement volume in one stent but not the other, thus warranting an additional posterior fusion to maintain stability.

Conclusion:
The proper injection of cement into a VBS requires dual correct stent positioning, and careful control of requisite stent expansion. In an 84-year-old female with a T12 vertebral body fracture and a remarkable vacuum cleft, the VBS procedure resulted in an inadvertent injection into one stent thus warranting a secondary posterior fusion.
A prospective study to determine the risk factors associated with post traumatic seizures: A single institution experience
Authors: Garg Tarun , Sood Raghav , Chaudhary Akshay , Sobti Shivender , Sharma Saurabh , Chaudhary Ashwani K. , Bansal Hanish , Singh Jagminder , Sharma Manish 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Post traumatic seizures (PTS) are a known sequel of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Incidence of PTS is dependent on many factors including study design and characteristics of the study population. As incidence of TBI increases and death due to TBI decreases, more individuals will be at risk of developing and living with chronic complications. The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency and risk factors for PTS following TBI.

Methods:
A prospective study was conducted on patients admitted with TBI from April 1, 2019, to May 31, 2020, to determine the frequency, time to event, and risk factors for PTS following TBI. We classified the severity of head injury using a standard criterion, into mild, moderate and severe injury. Follow-up of 3 months was undertaken for all patients. Variables include age, sex, trauma severity, Glasgow coma scale, onset of PTS, and neuroradiological finding.

Results:
We enrolled 450 post traumatic subjects, out of which 36 (8%) developed seizures. Of the total of 36 patients detected to have hemorrhagic contusion on computerized tomography scan, 12 patients developed seizures. We found that the independent risk factors associated with occurrence of PTS were frontal— temporal lobar contusion and severity of head injury. All these findings were statistically significant.

Conclusion:
We found that the independent risk factors associated with occurrence of PTS were frontal-temporal lobar contusion and severity of head injury. Type of management (Operative vs. Non operative) does not affect the outcome of PTS.
Faktor-Faktor Dan Pengukuran Cybersickness Pada Driving Simulator: Tinjauan Pustaka
Authors: Hasibuan Chalis Fajri 
Published: April 2023

Simulator mengemudi merupakan salah satu alat penelitian yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab kecelakaan lalu lintas di jalan raya. Simulator mengemudi sering digunakan di bidang penelitian, terdapat kekhawatiran bahwa simulator mengemudi berbasis HMD dapat menyebabkan efek samping bagi pengguna yang dikenal sebagai cybersickness. Berbagai faktor banyak digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi terbentuknya cybersickness dari berbagai virtual environment dengan memberikan hasil yang berbeda-beda terhadap cybersickness yang terbentuk sedangkan secara khusus faktor yang mempengaruhi terhadap terbentuknya cybersickness menggunakan simulator mengemudi menggunakan virtual reality berbasis HMD belum diidentifikasi apakah menghasilkan hasil penelitian yang sama atau berbeda, sehingga dapat memberikan perbedaan yang terhadap penelitian selanjutnya. Tujuan penelitian ini melakukan literature review terhadap faktor yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi cybersickness yang tebentuk pada penggunaan simulator mengemudi menggunakan virtual reality berbasis HMD dan hasil dari penggunaan faktor tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dengan penelusuran artikel dari data base antara lain google scholar, science direct, scopus, springer dan IEEE dengan kata kunci yang relevan. Dalam pencarian awal, istilah 'VR sickness', 'cybersickness', 'motion sickness', 'simulator sickness', 'visually induced motion sickness', 'virtual reality', dan 'simulator mengemudi', eliminasi menggunakan metode PRISMA. Dari 653 artikel yang diperoleh menghasilkan 17 artikel yang dianalisis lebih lanjut terkait simulator mengemudi menggunakan virtual reality berbasis HMD. Hasil menemukan faktor yang mempengaruhi cybersickness yang terbentuk seperti jenis kelamin, umur pengguna, pengalaman, postur pengguna, lamanya penggunaan, perangkat keras yang digunakan, Field Of View (FOV), penyakit bawaan serta waktu penggunaan. Dari 17 artikel yang dianalisis tidak ada perbedaan hasil dari faktor yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi cybersickness yang terbentuk.
KÖŞE YAZILARININ NİCEL ÖZELLİKLERİ İLE OKUNABİLİRLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: KARACA Mehmet Fatih 
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin tirajı en yüksek gazetelerinde yazan 18 köşe yazarına ait yazıların nicel özellikleri ve okunabilirlikleri incelenmiştir. 2017-2021 yılları arasında eğitim, ekonomi, sağlık, spor ve yaşam kategorilerinde yayımlanan 12262 köşe yazısı geliştirilen yazılım ve Doğal Dil İşleme teknikleri kullanılarak işlenmiştir. Köşe yazılarının ortalama cümle, kelime, hece ve harf sayıları, cümlelerin ortalama kelime, kelimelerin ortalama hece ve harf sayıları tespit edilmiş, yazı okunabilirlikleri Ateşman, Çetinkaya-Uzun ve Bezirci-Yılmaz formülleriyle belirlenmiş ve sonuçlar sunulmuştur. Köşe yazılarının işlenmesi neticesinde elde edilen veriler kategori, gazete ve yazar bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir.
Köşe yazıları ortalama 42.08 cümle, 429.88 kelime, 1166.32 hece ve 2699.44 harften oluşmaktadır. Ayrıca, yazılardaki cümlelerin ortalama kelime sayısı 10.22 iken kelimelerin ortalama hece sayısı 2.71 ve harf sayısı 6.28’dir. Köşe yazılarının ortalama okunabilirlikleri Ateşman, Çetinkaya-Uzun ve Bezirci-Yılmaz’a göre sırasıyla 63.16 (orta güçlükte), 38.40 (eğitsel okuma) ve 11.87’dir (lise 11-12.sınıf). Ateşman formülüne göre yazılar ağırlıklı olarak kolay (%43.91) düzeydeyken çok kolay olan hiç yazı bulunmamaktadır. Çetinkaya-Uzun’a göre yazılar yoğun olarak bağımsız okuma (%69.32) düzeyindedir. Bezirci-Yılmaz’a göre ise yazılar daha çok ortaokul (%30.00), lise (%29.58) ve akademik (%27.81) seviyelerdedir; ilkokul 1-2.sınıf seviyesinde yazı bulunmamaktadır.
Kategoriler arası farkın %50’nin üstünde olduğu tek nicel özellik ortalama cümle sayısıdır. Buna karşın kelimelerin ortalama hece ve harf sayısı dışındaki bütün nicel özelliklerde gazete ve yazarlar arası farkın %50’nin üstüne çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Nicel özelliklerdeki farklılığın kategori ve gazeteye oranla yazarlarda daha belirgin olduğu görülmüştür. 3 formülde de gazetenin kategoriden, yazarınsa hem kategori hem de gazeteden okunabilirlik açısından daha belirleyici etkiye sahip olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Öte yandan 3 kategori ve 4 gazetedeki 9 yazarın Türkiye’deki ortalama eğitim seviyesinin hayli üzerinde; lisans/akademik düzeyde yazılar kaleme aldıkları belirlenmiştir.
Analisis Kepuasan Wisatawan Terkait Destinasi Wisata di Pantai Selong Belanak
Authors: Sukmawati Ayu , Adawiyah Rabiatul , Nurtalitha Anisya , Safoan Ahmad , Purnama Sari Devi , Pebriani Baiq Latifa , Dimas Merdeka Sudiharto  , Aulia Adianingsih  , M. Roihan Al-Munawar  , Dede Minggra Mujiburahman  , Eko Pradjoko  
Published: April 2023

Pantai Selong Belanak merupakan salah satu pantai yang cukup terkenal, terutama keindahan dan keasriannya. Lokasinya yang strategis, sejarahnya yang terkenal, fasilitas umum dan tambahannya, menjadikannya pantai Selong Belanak sebagai lokasi yang sangat menarik untuk para wisatawan. Namun salah satu peran penting untuk tujuan wisata tersebut adalah kebersihan pantai itu sendiri, memberikan kenyaman bagi wisatawan. Studi observasi langsung dan studi lintas bagian deskriptif dengan survei acak terhadap 54 wisatawan lokal maupun asing tentang kebersihan pantai Selong Belanak. Melalui survei kami mengumpulkan evaluasi wisatawan tentang sanitasi fasilitas umum saat ini (toilet, parkir, dan tempat istirahat) fasilitas tambahan (restaurant, toko oleh-oleh dan pedagang kaki lima), dan kondisi fasilitas MCK (tempat sampah) di Pantai Selong Belanak memberikan skor sangat puas, puas, cukup puas, tidak puas, sangat tidak puas. Melalui pengamatan langsung kami melihat objek fisik di sekitar lingkungan seperti geografi dan fasilitas yang tersedia di pantai Selong Belanak yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dari informan lokal. Responden secara keseluruhan menunjukkan tanggapan positif “cukup puas” 14 responden, dan 3 responden asing mengenai kualitas sanitasi pantai Selong Belanak. Fasilitas umum maupun fasilias tambahan umumnya dinilai cukup bersih oleh seluruh responden. Tetapi pendapat wisatawan menunjukkan ketersediaan tepat sampah yang “kurang”. Fasilitas umum 4 toilet umum, 2 tempat parkir, tempat sampah dorong, hasil lain yang dianggap buruk atau di bawah harapan mengenai fasilitas umum tertentu harus diurus untuk memberikan daya tarik wisata yang lebih baik. Kebersihan merupakan daya tarik wisata itu sendiri oleh karena itu menjaga kebersihan penting untuk keberhasilan pariwisata.