bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Starting a national, prospective colorectal cancer registry in a developing country: how to do it, potential limitations and results of a pilot study
Authors:   Argentinian Colorectal Cancer Consortium
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimProspective registries of patients operated on for malignancies at a national scale are not common in developing countries. The aim of this work is to report the process of creation of a prospective national colorectal cancer registry in a middle‐income country in Latin America and the main results of a pilot study involving eight centres.MethodThe project involved the creation of a national database including all patients operated on for colorectal cancer in Argentina and a 30‐year plan to make improvements based on the information provided by the registry. The first phase comprised the prospective registration of all patients treated in eight tertiary referral centres during a 6‐month period.ResultsThree hundred and seventeen patients were prospectively recruited during the study period, and 244 (77%) were operated on for colon cancer. The completion rate for all variables was >95%. The median age for the group was 66.88 years. Right‐sided colon tumours were the most frequent. Colorectal specialists performed 257 (81.07%) of the procedures, and in 273 (87.22%) patients a laparoscopic approach was used with an overall conversion rate of 12.45%. Major complication and anastomotic leakage rates for the group were 18.55% and 8.81%, respectively. The mortality rate was 1.94%. Multivariate analysis showed that young patients and operations performed by general surgeons were the most common factors independently related to worse postoperative outcomes. Note that this manuscript describes an early phase of the project that included only eight tertiary referral centres.ConclusionDespite its limitations, this study describes the effort made to generate reliable data on which to base future decisions to improve patient care. Furthermore, it might set an example for other developing countries to start their own registries.
Schlafstörungen in der Dermatologie – eine umfassende Übersicht
Authors: Mann Caroline , Gorai Surajit , Staubach‐Renz Petra , Goldust Mohamad 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungSchlaf ist ein normaler physiologischer Prozess, der etwa ein Drittel des Lebens eines Menschen ausmacht. Da der normale Schlafzyklus die physiologische Homöostase aufrechterhält, kann seine Störung zu Erkrankungen führen. Es ist zwar nicht bekannt, ob Schlafstörungen Hautkrankheiten verursachen oder Hautkrankheiten den Schlaf beeinträchtigen, es besteht jedoch der Verdacht auf einen bidirektionalen Einfluss. Wir haben Daten zu „Schlafstörungen in der Dermatologie“ zusammengetragen, die von Juli 2010 bis Juli 2022 in PubMed Central veröffentlicht wurden (mit der Option „Volltext verfügbar“) und geben einen Überblick zu Schlafstörungen im Zusammenhang mit dermatologischen Erkrankungen und bestimmten Medikamenten, die in der Dermatologie verwendet werden, sowie zu Schlafstörungen, bei denen einige eingesetzte Medikamente Juckreiz oder dermatologische Probleme verursachen können. Es ist bekannt, dass atopische Dermatitis, Ekzeme und Psoriasis durch Schlafprobleme verschlimmert werden und umgekehrt. Bei diesen Erkrankungen werden Schlafmangel, nächtlicher Pruritus und gestörte Schlafzyklen oft zur Beurteilung des Behandlungserfolgs und der Lebensqualität eingesetzt. Zudem wurden einige Medikamente, die in erster Linie für dermatologische Erkrankungen verwendet werden, mit Veränderungen des Schlaf‐Wach‐Zyklus in Zusammenhang gebracht. Die Bewältigung der Schlafstörungen von Patienten sollte einen integralen Bestandteil des Managements dermatologischer Erkrankungen darstellen. Weitere Studien sind erforderlich, um den Einfluss von Schlaf und Hauterkrankungen weiter zu untersuchen.
Lokaltherapie der Psoriasis vulgaris
Authors: Ramic Lejla , Sator Paul 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungTopische Therapie spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Behandlung der Psoriasis. Sie kommt vor allem bei leichten Verlaufsformen zum Einsatz und wird auch bei mittel‐ bis schwerer Psoriasis zusätzlich zur UV‐ und systemischen Therapie empfohlen. In diesem Übersichtsartikel fassen wir die aktuellen Therapieoptionen zusammen und berücksichtigen dabei besondere Lokalisationen (Gesicht, Capillitium, intertriginöse/genitale Areale, palmoplantar, Nägel) und Situationen (hyperkeratotisch, stark entzündlich) sowie auch die Anwendung in der Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit. In der Initialphase hat sich die Kombination aus topischen Kortikosteroiden und Vitamin‐D‐Analoga als Therapie der Wahl bewährt sowie auch jeweils als Monotherapie. In der Erhaltungstherapie wird die Fixkombination (Bet/Cal) 1–2 x pro Woche empfohlen.Neben der richtigen Wahl der Wirkstoffe spielt auch die Wahl der richtigen Galenik eine bedeutende Rolle. Um die Adhärenz zu verbessern, ist es außerdem wichtig, die persönlichen Präferenzen und Erfahrungen der Patienten zu berücksichtigen. Führt die topische Therapie nicht zu einem zufriedenstellenden Ergebnis, sollte eine zusätzliche UV‐Therapie oder eine systemische Therapie allein oder in Kombination in Betracht gezogen werden.
Frequency of headache in emergency department patients with anaphylaxis: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhang Yuedan , Smith Jonathan H. , Mullan Aidan F. , Vanmeter Derek E. , Anderson Joel R. , Campbell Ronna L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultiple anaphylaxis mediators have been demonstrated to provoke migraine‐like attacks following intravascular infusion, suggesting that anaphylaxis could cause headache; however, headache is rarely noted in anaphylaxis and is not included among diagnostic criteria.ObjectiveOur study objectives were to estimate the frequency of headache among prospectively enrolled emergency department (ED) patients with anaphylaxis and assess the association of headache with patient and anaphylaxis characteristics.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of ED patients aged ≥5 years who met anaphylaxis diagnostic criteria from January 8, 2020 to September 9, 2022 was conducted. The primary outcome of interest was headache frequency among patients who met at least one anaphylaxis criterion. We explored the association of headache with patient characteristics and anaphylaxis characteristics.ResultsWe included 63 patients with anaphylaxis. In all, 17 (27%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 17%–40%) patients reported the presence of a headache. Female patients had more than a nine times increased odds of having headache (odds ratio [OR] 9.3, 95% CI 1.14–77.1, p = 0.016). Presentation with headache was associated with the presence of dyspnea (OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.56–19.7, p = 0.006).ConclusionHeadache in anaphylaxis may be more common than previously recognized, especially in females. Larger prospective studies are needed to characterize headache as a marker of neurological involvement in anaphylaxis.
A trip into molten sulfur
Authors: Sawada Hikaru , Chen Chong , Iwamoto Hisanori , Takai Ken 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLakes of molten sulfur are features sometimes found in seafloor hydrothermal vent systems. Daikoku of the northern Mariana Arc is notable for being home to one of such features inside its summit caldera, the “Sulfur Cauldron” discovered in 2006. A number of oceanographic research cruises since then have revealed significant volcanic activities on Daikoku Seamount, including an eruption event in 2014 leading to the formation of a new basin‐like crater. How this event impacted the sulfur lake on Daikoku Seamount remained unclear. Here, we revisited Daikoku Seamount with a remotely operated vehicle to show that the new crater is currently home to a much larger molten sulfur lake than the Sulfur Cauldron, which we name the “Rengoku” sulfur lake. Our samples provided new insights on the structure of submarine sulfur lakes, and contribute to the time‐series observation of volcanic and hydrothermal activities on Daikoku Seamount.
Examining the bias of pitfall traps with enclosure experiments and removal sampling
Authors: Yamanaka Satoshi , Yamaura Yuichi , Ozaki Kenichi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Pitfall trapping is among the most widely used sampling methods for ground‐dwelling beetles. However, the sampled ground‐dwelling beetle abundance in pitfall traps may be biased, which can lead to difficulties when comparing the sampled abundance between different habitats.
To better understand the comparability of the sampled abundance, we focused on two sampling processes: a temporary migration process (referring to the individual movements into and out of the effective trap area) and a removal process (determining the number of individuals collected given the number of individuals within the trap area).
To examine the effects of the temporary migration process, we compared the sampled abundance of 10 ground‐dwelling beetle species inside and outside enclosures in 2 habitats (clear‐cut and forested sites) and found that installing the enclosure decreased the sampled abundance in both habitats, but the effects did not differ among habitats.
To examine the effects of the removal process, we examined the effects of daily soil temperature on the daily sampled abundance (removal probability) of Pterostichus thunbergi using removal sampling within enclosures. We found that soil temperature increased the removal probability, but this effect was limited and not consistent across survey periods.
The results suggest that the effects of the temporary migration process may not be habitat dependent and that the effects of the removal process may be small. Therefore, the traditional use of pitfall traps is, to some extent, a robust and comparable measure of the sampled abundance of ground‐dwelling beetles among different habitats.
White blood cell differentials performance of a new automated digital cell morphology analyzer: Mindray MC‐80
Authors: Khongjaroensakun Narin , Chaothai Nutdanai , Chamchomdao Laksika , Suriyachand Katesaree , Paisooksantivatana Karan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe manual differential count has been recognized for its disadvantages, including large interobserver variability and labor intensiveness. In this light, automated digital cell morphology analyzers have been increasingly adopted in hematology laboratories for their robustness and convenience. This study aims to evaluate the white blood cell differential performance of the Mindray MC‐80, the new automated digital cell morphology analyzer.MethodsThe cell identification performance of Mindray MC‐80 was evaluated for sensitivity and specificity using pre‐classification and post‐classification of each cell class. The method comparison study used manual differentials as the gold standard for calculating Pearson correlation, Passing‐Bablok regression, and Bland–Altman analysis. In addition, the precision study was performed and evaluated.ResultsThe precision was within the acceptable limit for all cell classes. Overall, the specificity of cell identification was higher than 95% for all cell classes. The sensitivity was greater for 95% for most cell classes, except for myelocytes (94.9%), metamyelocytes (90.9%), reactive lymphocytes (89.7%), and plasma cells (60%). Pre‐classification and post‐classification results correlated well with the manual differential results for all the cell types investigated. The regression coefficients were greater than 0.9 for most cell classes except for promyelocytes, metamyelocytes, basophils, and reactive lymphocytes.ConclusionThe performance of Mindray MC‐80 for white blood cell differentials is reliable and seems to be acceptable even in abnormal samples. However, the sensitivity is less than 95% for certain abnormal cell types, so the user should be aware of this limitation where such cells are suspected.
Clinical symptoms of SARS‐CoV‐2 breakthrough infection during the Omicron period in relation to baseline immune status and booster vaccination—A prospective multicentre cohort of health professionals (SURPRISE study)
Authors: Kohler Philipp , Babouee Flury Baharak , Güsewell Sabine , Egger Thomas , Leal Onicio , Brucher Angela , Lemmenmeier Eva , Meier Kleeb Dorette , Möller J. Carsten , Ortner Manuela , Rieder Philip , Ruetti Markus , Schmid Hans‐Ruedi , Stocker Reto , Vuichard‐Gysin Danielle , Speer Oliver , Wiggli Benedikt , Besold Ulrike , McGeer Allison , Risch Lorenz , Friedl Andrée , Schlegel Matthias , Vernazza Pietro , Kahlert Christian R. , Kuster Stefan P. ,   SURPRISE Study Group
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe effects of different types of pre‐existing immunity on the frequency of clinical symptoms caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 breakthrough infection were prospectively assessed in healthcare workers during the Omicron period. Among 518 participants, hybrid immunity was associated with symptom reduction for dizziness, muscle or limb pain and headache as compared to vaccination only. Moreover, the frequencies of dizziness, cough and muscle or limb pain were lower in participants who had received a booster vaccine dose. Thus, hybrid immunity appeared to be superior in preventing specific symptoms during breakthrough infection compared to vaccination alone. A booster vaccine dose conferred additional symptom reduction.
Interleukin‐13 contributes to the occurrence of oral submucosal fibrosis
Authors: Wang Liping , Tang Zhangui , Huang Junhui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic progressive fibrosis disease that affects in oral mucosal tissues. Interleukin (IL)‐13 has been implicated in the development of fibrosis in multiple organs. Indeed, it contributes to diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis, liver cirrhosis among others. Currently, its expression in OSF and the specific mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IL‐13 in OSF and further explore whether IL‐13 regulates—polarization of M2‐macrophages in OSF. Initially, in the tissues of patients with OSF, we observed a high expression of M2‐macrophages and IL‐13 protein. Additionally, we found a correlation between the expression of IL‐13 and the stage of OSF. Arecoline inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts (FBs) and promoted IL‐13 production in vitro. Furthermore, our observations revealed that M2‐macrophages increased upon co‐culturing M0‐macrophages with supernatants containing the IL‐13 cytokine. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that arecoline stimulates FBs leading to increased secretion of IL‐13, which in turn IL‐13 leads to polarization of M2‐macrophages and promotes the occurrence of OSF. This suggests that IL‐13 may be a potential therapeutic target of OSF.
Hidradenitis suppurativa presents a methylome dysregulation capable to explain the pro‐inflammatory microenvironment: Are theseDNAmethylations potential therapeutic targets?
Authors: Radhakrishna Uppala , Ratnamala Uppala , Jhala Devendrasinh D. , Uppala Lavanya V. , Vedangi Aaren , Patel Maulikkumar , Vadsaria Nikita , Shah Sushma , Saiyed Nazia , Rawal Rakesh M. , Mercuri Santo Raffaele , Jemec Gregor B. E. , Damiani Giovanni 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory skin condition with elusive pathogenesis that affects therapeutic intervention directly.ObjectiveTo characterize epigenetic variations in cytokines genes contributing to HS.MethodsEpigenome‐wide DNA methylation profiling with the Illumina Epic array was performed on blood DNA samples from 24 HS patients and 24 age‐ and sex‐matched controls to explore DNA methylation changes in cytokine genes.ResultsWe identified 170 cytokine genes including 27 hypermethylated CpG sites and 143 genes with hypomethylated sites respectively. Hypermethylated genes, includingLIF,HLA‐DRB1,HLA‐G,MTOR,FADD,TGFB3,MALAT1andCCL28; hypomethylated genes, includingNCSTN,SMAD3,IGF1R,IL1F9,NOD2,NOD1,YY1,DLL1andBCL2may contribute to the pathogenesis of HS. These genes were enriched in the 117 different pathways (FDRp‐values ≤ 0.05), including IL‐4/IL‐13 pathways and Wnt/β‐catenin signalling.ConclusionsThe lack of wound healing, microbiome dysbiosis and increased tumour susceptibility are all sustained by these dysfunctional methylomes, hopefully, capable to be targeted in the next future. Since methylome describes and summarizes genetic and environmental contributions, these data may represent a further step towards a feasible precision medicine also for HS patients.
Patient understanding: How should it be defined and assessed in clinical practice?
Authors: Cox Caitríona L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn order for patients to make autonomous decisions in a healthcare setting, they must understand relevant information. There is, however, a lack of consensus on how understanding should be defined or assessed in this context, despite the fact that in practice doctors are regularly required to judge whether a patient has understood medical information. Current accounts of patient decision‐making often focus on the information which needs to be disclosed to the patient to support their autonomous decision‐making. Far less attention has been afforded to questions about how we might determine whether a patient has understood the information disclosed to them. Theoretical approaches to the concept of understanding in this context, and practically useful frameworks for assessing it, are lacking. In this paper, I use a number of hypothetical clinical situations to explore the conditions that are required for a patient to adequately understand information in medical decision‐making. Drawing upon the wider philosophical literature, I propose a number of criteria which are necessary for understanding in a medical context: patients must (1) grasp a body of information which (2) reasonably reflects a responsible body of medical professionals' best estimate of the truth, (3) to a degree which meets a context‐specific threshold. These criteria may be helpful in guiding assessments of patient understanding in clinical practice.
Successful surgical correction of a cataract in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) via field setting at a zoological facility
Authors: Anderson Chelsea E. , Tzu Jonathan H. , Hammond Elizabeth E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA 41‐year‐old male vasectomized, zoo‐housed chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) presented with progressive visual deficits due to bilateral cataract formation. Phacoemulsification and lenticular implant were performed by a veterinary and human board‐certified ophthalmologist team in a field setting. Post‐operative healing occurred without complication, and the patient returned to the troop with improved vision.
Elevated IGF‐1 concentrations in children with low grade glioma: A descriptive analysis in a retrospective national cohort
Authors: van Schaik Jiska , van Roessel Ichelle M. A. A. , Bos Iris D. , Claashen‐van der Grinten Hedi L. , Clement Sarah C. , van Iersel Laura , Bakker Boudewijn , Meijer Lisethe , Kremer Leontien , Schouten‐van Meeteren A. Y. Netteke , van Santen Hanneke M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChildren with low grade glioma (LGG) may present with, or develop, elevated concentrations of insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1). The prevalence, pathophysiology, or its possible clinical effects are poorly understood. Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of such elevated IGF‐1 concentrations and to describe its association with linear growth, body mass index (BMI), pituitary outcome, and tumor behavior in a large retrospective national cohort. From a nationwide retrospective cohort of pediatric brain tumor survivors diagnosed between 2002 and 2012, tumor, treatment, endocrine, and auxological data of children with LGG were collected (n = 358). Prevalence and risk factors for elevated IGF‐1 concentrations, as well as the association between having elevated IGF‐1 concentrations and receiving tumor treatment, were explored. IGF‐1 concentrations had only been measured in 45.5% of cases (n = 163/358). In 18.4% of 163 children with available IGF‐1 measurements, IGF‐1 concentrations were found elevated. No association was described between having an elevated IGF‐1 concentration and tumor behavior or height SDS at last moment of follow‐up. Multivariate logistic regression identified posterior pituitary disorder (OR 6.14 95% CI: 2.21–17.09) and BMI SDS at follow‐up (OR 1.56 95% CI: 1.09–2.20) to be significantly associated with elevated IGF‐1 concentrations. In this retrospective cohort of children with LGG, IGF‐1 was found elevated in 18.4% of children with available IGF‐1 measurements. Elevated IGF‐1 seems to be related to hypothalamic dysfunction worsening over time. Larger prospective cohort studies are needed.
A Structure/Process Approach to Legitimacy: A Local Official's Selection and Legitimation of a Tax Policy in Mid‐Late Ming Dynasty China
Authors: Chen Zetao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMost studies on the connection between the legitimacy of an authority and its policy selection and legitimation follow a structure approach to legitimacy, which recognises an authoritative actor's selection and legitimation of a policy as determined by the subjects' collective commitment to values. Consequently, it cannot empirically explain policy variation under collective commitment to values and changes in those values. Building on existing processual theories and following the conceptualisation of legitimacy as a social process, this study proposes an integral process approach to legitimacy whereby an authority selects and legitimises a perceived legitimate policy towards subjects. Drawing on findings from a negative case methodology applied to the selection and legitimation of a tax policy by an official in Ming China, this study offers substantive content for an integral process approach to legitimacy. It develops the state legitimacy concept and contributes to emerging theories on the legitimacy dimension of fiscal state formation. Empirically, this study illustrates how the data from the nationwide field survey in mid‐late Ming China were used in tax collection at the local level and illuminates the discrepancies between the survey data and that recorded in local official tax registers.
Metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease in relation to site‐specific and multiple‐site subclinical atherosclerosis
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Zhang Ruosu , Man Sailimai , Lv Jun , Yu Canqing , Yin Jianchun , Wang Xiaona , Deng Yuhan , Wang Bo , Li Liming , Pang Yuanjie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground & AimsNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the newly proposed metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) were each associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. However, there is limited evidence on risk of atherosclerosis in individuals who meet the criteria for one but not the other. We aimed to investigate the associations of MAFLD or NAFLD status with site‐specific and multiple‐site atherosclerosis.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study involving 4524 adults within the MJ health check‐up cohort. Logistic regression model was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for subclinical atherosclerosis (elevated carotid intima‐media thickness [CIMT], carotid plaque [CP], coronary artery calcification [CAC] and retinal atherosclerosis [RA]) associated with MAFLD or NAFLD status, MAFLD subtypes and fibrosis status.ResultsMAFLD was associated with higher risks of elevated CIMT, CP, CAC and RA (OR: 1.41 [95% CI 1.18–1.68], 1.23 [1.02–1.48], 1.60 [1.24–2.08], and 1.79 [1.28–2.52], respectively), whereas NAFLD per se did not increase risk of atherosclerosis except for elevated CIMT. Individuals who met both definitions or the definition for MAFLD but not NAFLD had higher risk of subclinical atherosclerosis. Among MAFLD subtypes, MAFLD with diabetes had the highest risk of subclinical atherosclerosis, but the associations did not differ by fibrosis status. Stronger positive associations were observed of MAFLD with multiple‐site than single‐site atherosclerosis.ConclusionsIn Chinese adults, MAFLD was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis, with stronger associations for multiple‐site atherosclerosis. More attention should be paid to MAFLD with diabetes, and MAFLD might be a better predictor for atherosclerotic disease than NAFLD.