bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of Statin Therapy and Outcomes After Ischemic Stroke: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Åivo Julia , Ruuskanen Jori O. , Tornio Aleksi , Rautava Päivi , Kytö Ville 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Statin treatment is effective at preventing adverse vascular events after ischemic stroke (IS). However, many patients fail to use statins after IS. We studied the impact of not using statins after IS on adverse outcomes.

Methods:
IS patients (n=59 588) admitted to 20 Finnish hospitals were retrospectively studied. Study data were combined from national registries on hospital admissions, mortality, cancer diagnoses, prescription medication purchases, and permissions for special reimbursements for medications. Usage of prescription medication was defined as drug purchase within 90 days after hospital discharge. Ongoing statin use during follow-up was analyzed in 90-day intervals. Differences in baseline features, comorbidities, other medications, and recanalization therapies were balanced with inverse probability of treatment weighting. Median follow-up was 5.7 years.

Results:
Statin therapy was not used by 27.1% of patients within 90 days after IS discharge, with women and older patients using statins less frequently. The average proportion of patients without ongoing statin during the 12-year follow-up was 36.0%. Patients without early statins had higher all-cause mortality at 1 year (7.5% versus 4.4% in patients who did use statins; hazard ratio [HR], 1.74 [CI, 1.61–1.87]) and 12 years (56.8% versus 48.6%; HR, 1.37 [CI, 1.33–1.41]). Cumulative incidence of major adverse cerebrovascular or cardiovascular event was higher at 1 year (subdistribution HR, 1.36 [CI, 1.29–1.43]) and 12 years (subdistribution HR, 1.21 [CI, 1.18–1.25]) without early statin use. Cardiovascular death, recurrent IS, and myocardial infarction were more frequent without early statin use. Early statin use was not associated with hemorrhagic stroke during follow-up. Lack of ongoing statin during follow-up was associated with risk of death in time-dependent analysis (adjusted HR, 3.03 [CI, 2.96–3.23]).

Conclusions:
Lack of statin treatment after IS is associated with adverse long-term outcomes. Measures to further improve timely statin use after IS are needed.
What Matters for Electrification? Evidence from 70 Years of U.S. Home Heating Choices
Authors: Davis Lucas W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The percentage of U.S. homes heated with electricity has increased steadily from 1% in 1950 to 40% in 2020. Energy prices, geography, climate, housing characteristics, and income are shown to explain 90% of the increase, with energy prices by far the most important factor. The paper then estimates the cost of an electrification mandate for new homes. Households in warm states tend to prefer electricity anyway, so would be made worse off by less than $350 annually on average. Households in cold states, however, tend to prefer natural gas so would be made worse off by more than $1000 annually.
The Impact of Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury on All-Cause Mortality in Older Patients After Coronary Angiography:A 7.5-year Follow-Up
Authors: Guo Wei , Liu Jin , He Yibo , Lei Li , Guo Zhaodong , Song Feier , Zhou Ziyou , Liu Wenhai , Zhong Xian , Chen Shiqun , Rao Lifen , Liu Yong 
Published: February 2023

Older patients (≥75 years) after coronary angiography constitute an increasing proportion, but only limited data are available regarding the prognosis of geriatric contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI). Patients (≥75 years) undergoing coronary angiography between December 2010 and September 2013 were consecutively enrolled. CA-AKI was defined as an increase in serum creatinine of 25% or .5 mg/dL from the baseline within 48–72 h of contrast exposure. All-cause mortality was assessed during median 7.5 years (interquartile range [IQR] 6.7–8.7 years) follow-up period. In total, 571 patients aged >75 years undergoing coronary angiography were enrolled in a single center study; 82 (14.4%) patients had CA-AKI. The all-cause mortality during the median 7.5 years follow-up period was 22.0% in patients with CA-AKI and 13.1% in patients without CA-AKI (P = .015). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the multivariable analysis indicated that CA-AKI was related to an increased risk of all-cause mortality during the median 7.5-year follow-up (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.29–4.7; P = .006). CA-AKI is a significant and independent predictor of long-term mortality for patients aged over 75 years who underwent coronary angiography.
Perfusionist removal of intra-aortic balloon pump catheters improves efficiency without an increase in complication rates
Authors: Saczkowski Richard , Spada Saverio , Hromadnik Kris 
Published: February 2023

Introduction The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is one of the most utilized cardiac assist devices. Patients receiving IABP therapy are typically managed in high acuity clinical care areas with limited bed space and high demand. Our center instituted a certified clinical perfusionist (CCP) led initiative to remove IABP catheters in order to reduce IABP therapy time, hasten removal and improve efficiency. Methods The purpose of the study is to compare outcomes for IABP removal by a certified clinical perfusionist to a physician. The primary outcome measures were site hematoma score and limb related complications. A survey was submitted to bedside nurses, managers/patient care coordinators, CCP’s and physicians. The IABP quality assurance database was interrogated for the study. Results There were 350 patients eligible for inclusion. The cohort was well balanced between CCP ( n = 284) and physician ( n = 66) groups for patient demographics, indication, insertion specifics and type of medical intervention. The majority of patients had no bruise or hematoma with perfusionist ( n = 246, 87%) or physician ( n = 58, 88%) ( p = 0.78) removal. The physician group demonstrated a higher rate of grade 3 hematomas ( p = 0.03). There was no statistically significant difference between CCP and physician groups for limb complications and mortality. Survey results showed an improved efficiency in bed space allocation, physician workload and a decreased IABP support time. Conclusion There is no difference in limb complications between perfusionist and physician removal of IABP catheters. The survey demonstrate an improvement in resource allocation and efficiency. A perfusionist led IABP removal program can be done safely and may help improve program efficiency.
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy of abdominal subcutaneous fat for diagnosing amyloidosis: comparison with bone marrow biopsy
Authors: Lee Hyo Jeong , Kim Jin Sil , Mun Yeung-Chul , Lee Jeong Kyong 
Published: February 2023

Background Patients with underlying hematologic malignancy have a higher risk of developing systemic amyloidosis, which worsens their prognosis. Histopathologic detection of amyloid deposits in tissue biopsy specimens is the only diagnostic method for amyloidosis. Purpose To compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy (USPCB) of abdominal subcutaneous fat with that of bone marrow biopsy (BMB) for diagnosing amyloidosis. Material and Methods A total of 90 consecutive patients with underlying hematologic disorders who underwent both USPCB of abdominal subcutaneous fat and BMB for suspicion of amyloid deposition during a 10-year period were included in this retrospective study. Results The sensitivity and specificity of detecting amyloid deposition were 85.7% and 100%, respectively, with USPCB as opposed to 4.8% and 100%, respectively, with BMB, and the sensitivity was significantly higher with USPCB ( P < 0.001). The mean number of times USPCB was performed was 3.3. There were no major complications associated with USPCB. The sensitivity of detecting amyloidosis was not different between the 18-G needle group and the 14-G group (100% vs. 80%; P = 0.623). Logistic regression analysis revealed that acquiring more cores from USPCB and thinner fat tissues were statistically significant factors that affected the diagnostic accuracy of USPCB for amyloid detection. Conclusion The sensitivity of amyloid deposition was significantly higher with USPCB of abdominal subcutaneous fat than BMB. Acquiring more cores by multiple biopsies instead of using a larger bore needle and thin subcutaneous fat pad may be a favorable factor for the diagnostic accuracy of USPCB.
Lidocaine inhibits osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in vitro
Authors: Kim Eun-Jung , Yoon Ji-Uk , Kim Cheul-Hong , Yoon Ji-Young , Kim Joo-Young , Kim Hyang-Sook , Choi Eun-Ji 
Published: February 2023

Objective Lidocaine is an amide local anaesthetic commonly used for pain control, however, few studies have investigated the effect of lidocaine on the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs). The present study aimed to determine the effect of lidocaine on HDPSC viability and osteogenic differentiation. Methods HDPSCs were incubated with 0, 0.05, 0.2, 0.5, and 1 mM lidocaine for 24, 48 and 72 h, after which, MTT assays were performed. HDPSCs cultured with the above lidocaine concentrations and osteogenic differentiation medium for 7 and 14 days were stained for alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Protein and mRNA levels of relevant osteogenic factors (bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2] and runt-related transcription factor 2 [RUNX2]) were examined using western blotting and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Results Lidocaine did not affect the viability of HDPSCs, however, lidocaine reduced ALP activity in HDPSCs. Levels of ALP, BMP-2, and RUNX2 mRNA were reduced with lidocaine, and levels of BMP-2 and RUNX2 proteins were decreased, versus controls. Conclusions Lidocaine inhibits osteogenic differentiation markers in HDPSCs in vitro, even at low concentrations, without cytotoxicity. This study suggests that lidocaine may inhibit osteogenic differentiation in HDPSC-mediated regenerative medicine, including pulp regeneration and repair.
Clinical significance of galectin-3 expression in urinary bladder carcinoma
Authors: Al-Maghrabi Jaudah Ahmed , Khabaz Mohamad Nidal 
Published: February 2023

Objective To uncover the clinical significance of galectin-3 in the evolution of urinary bladder cancer by defining galectin-3 expression and examining the relationship between its expression in a group of urothelial carcinomas versus normal tissues along with clinicopathological factors. Methods This retrospective study included histopathological reports and archival blocks and slides of all patients with urinary bladder cancer treated at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia). An anti-galectin-3 monoclonal antibody was used for immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarray slides comprising 128 cases of urothelium carcinoma and 24 specimens of normal bladder mucosa. Results Galectin-3 was downregulated during transformation, with positive expression found in 50 (39%) urinary bladder neoplasms, of which 33 (66%) showed weak immunostaining. All positively-stained malignant tumor and normal bladder mucosa samples showed cytoplasmic staining; a few samples also showed nuclear staining. No correlation was noted between galectin-3 and histotype, grade, stage, muscularis propria invasion, lymph node invasion, vascular invasion, or metastasis. A Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan–Meier survival curves did not show differences in survival on the basis of galectin-3 expression. Conclusion Galectin-3 is down-regulated in bladder cancer but is not a helpful marker for the diagnosis or prognosis of urinary bladder cancer.
Motives of Tobacco Use Among Young Adults in the United States Air Force
Authors: Pebley Kinsey , Pilehvari Asal , Krukowski Rebecca A. , Morris James D. , Little Melissa A. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose Research has focused on cigarette use motives and have not included military personnel. The current study assessed tobacco use motives for different products, and differences within males and females and those with different racial identities given historical disparities in tobacco use. Design A cross-sectional survey about tobacco use was administered from October 2019 to February 2022. Setting Four Technical Training bases in the US. Sample Air Force Airmen who used tobacco (N = 3243). Measures Questions were about sociodemographic characteristics, tobacco use, and the Tobacco Motives Inventory (representing affect regulation, boredom, enhancement, and social motives). Analysis Linear regressions assessed associations between overall tobacco use and motives. Stratified analyses assessed associations between tobacco use and motives among males and females, and individuals from different racial backgrounds. Logistic regressions assessed differences in motives and use of different tobacco products between “some day” and “everyday” users. Results Overall, boredom ( B = .09, SE = .01) and affect regulation ( B = .05, SE = .00) motives were associated with higher tobacco use. Males and females and individuals from different racial backgrounds endorsed different motives, but all endorsed boredom as a motive for higher tobacco use. Individuals who used cigarettes, e-cigarettes, or smokeless tobacco “some days” endorsed higher social motives than everyday users, but everyday users endorsed different motives across products. Conclusion There are motives differentiating between “some day” and “everyday” users of tobacco products, which may need to be differentially targeted in intervention programs. Additionally, there are some overlapping motives (affect regulation, boredom) that may be beneficial to address with all tobacco users.
Evaluation and outcomes of a 5-year assisted peritoneal dialysis program
Authors: Wong Shannon N , Turnbull Linda , Saunders Sushila , Er Lee , Bevilacqua Micheli U , Levin Adeera , Singh Rajinder S 
Published: February 2023

Background: In 2016, Peritoneal Dialysis Assist (PDA) was implemented in British Columbia, Canada, as a pilot program to allow patients with physical, cognitive and social impairments to access an independent dialysis modality. This is a presentation of the usage and 5-year clinical outcomes of our provincial assisted peritoneal dialysis (PD) program. Methods: Patients who utilised long-term or respite PDA services in British Columbia, Canada, from 2016 to 2021 were included in this program evaluation. Incident and prevalent patient numbers were characterised annually as well as indications for PDA and patient demographics both annually and over time. Outcomes of interest included death, transfer to haemodialysis, transplantation and cessation of the PDA program but retention on PD. Results: Three hundred twenty-two total patients received services through the PDA program. The percentage of PD patients supported by long-term PDA service has grown to 11.2% in the most recent year. Patients spend a median of 13.6 (95% CI: 11.0, 16.1) months on long-term PDA, prolonging overall patient duration on PD by a little over a year. Of the patients who exited the long-term PDA program, 73 (37.4%) were able to utilise the service until they died. Conclusion: PDA is an accessible, patient-centric service with clear and standardised referral criteria. Through the implementation of a local PDA program, patients have accessed PD and may have extended their PD life span, through avoidance of in-centre haemodialysis, by over 13 months during this 5-year study period. A significant proportion of patients on long-term PDA were able to use their preferred kidney replacement modality at home until they reached end of life.
Effect of different molding pressures on the properties of glass fiber / molybdenum disulfide / Polytetrafluoroethylene composites
Authors: Yang Guanghui , Ji Xin 
Published: February 2023

Both glass fiber (GF) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) can enhance the comprehensive properties of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene)-based composites, however the properties of the composites are significantly influenced by the molding pressure utilized. In this study, GF/MoS2/PTFE composites were produced under varied molding pressures (50–70 MPa), and the composites’ mechanical and tribological properties were evaluated. The results showed that the tribological parameters (such as friction coefficient and volumetric wear rate) and mechanical parameters (such as density, hardness, tensile strength, and elongation at break) varied depending on the molding pressure. When the molding pressure was 50 MPa, the GF/MoS2/PTFE composites displayed their finest mechanical properties. The composite had the best wear resistance with the lowest wear rate of only of 2.135 × 10−6 mm3/Nm at a molding pressure of 60 MPa and the lowest friction coefficient of 0.166 at a molding pressure of 70 MPa. The increased molding pressure that was employed to make the samples, as predicted by SEM analysis, would lead to greater residual stresses inside the specimens, which would ultimately result in cracking and peeling. In the friction test, specimens with a lower forming pressure are more likely to have surface furrows that are deeper and wider, as well as to shed their filler. Due to the increased molding pressure, the depth of furrows and filler shedding on the composite surface are also more apparent.
Quantitative and qualitative prediction of sulfur content in diesel by near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Zheng Quan , Huang Hua , Zhu ShiPing , Qi BaoHua , Tang Xin 
Published: February 2023

This study explored the application of near infrared spectroscopy for quantitative and qualitative prediction of sulfur content in diesel fuel in the range of 10.3–1038.0 mg kg−1. The original spectra were preprocessed through various methods such as decentralization, normalization, multivariate scattering correction, and a smoothing (15-point window with second order polynomial fit). The performances of models based on partial least squares (PLS) regression, the bootstrapping soft shrinkage (BOSS), competitive adaptive reweighted sampling and Monte Carlo uninformative variable elimination algorithms in quantitative analysis of diesel samples were compared. The model for quantitative prediction of sulfur content in diesel samples using the BOSS-PLS algorithm had the highest performance and accuracy with a RMSEP of 36.20 mg kg−1 and r2 of 0.98 using a Savitzky-Golay second derivative. Diesel fuel samples were classified into five groups according to the sulfur content for qualitative analysis. The interval PLS method was then used to determine the characteristic spectra of the diesel samples. The experimental results indicated that the discriminant partial least squares qualitative analysis model had the highest performance with the characteristic spectrum from 12,493 to 10,892 cm−1, with 92.04% accuracy.
Acacia Honey-derived Bioactive Compounds Exhibit Induction of p53-dependent Apoptosis in the MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Hamadou Walid Sabri , Bouali Nouha , Alhejaili Elham Bader , Soua Zohra , Patel Mitesh , Adnan Mohd , Siddiqui Arif Jamal , Abdel-Gadir Abdel-Muhsin , Sulieman Abdel Moneim Elhadi , Snoussi Mejdi , Badraoui Riadh 
Published: February 2023

Background Research studies have focused on discovering new anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic agents derived from natural products from which honey constitutes a prominent candidate. The Acacia honey (AH) is known to display anticancer activity, but the mechanisms of action are still not well defined. Objectives Using in vitro and computational approaches, we aimed to assess the interaction among selected bioactive compounds derived from AH, with the apoptotic protein p53, which could trigger apoptosis. Materials and Methods The phytocompounds of AH were investigated via gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometry analysis. The cytotoxic effect and induced apoptosis on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide and acridine orange-ethidium bromide staining approaches. The molecular docking analysis between AH compounds and p53 was carried out. Results The drug-likeness prediction revealed that most of the identified compounds meet Lipinski’s rules. We demonstrate that AH exerts an interesting cytotoxic effect in a dose-dependent manner against the MCF-7 cell line with IC50 5.053µg/mL. Significant cell alterations and notable induced apoptosis were detected when cells were treated with AH. The molecular docking analysis revealed that melezitose is among the most important potential bioactive compounds that interact with p53 leading to apoptosis. The binding affinity was −8.1 kcal/mol, and the closest molecular interactions in the active site included 10 residues, which could explain the potential biological activity. Conclusion This work sheds light on AH as a significant source of bioactive chemicals with potential for promoting apoptosis that may be exploited as an alternative therapy for breast cancer.
A prison mental health network in the RANZCP
Authors: Scott Russ , Aboud Andrew , Das Mrigendra , Nambiar Narain 
Published: February 2023

Objective Consider the unique features and challenges of prison psychiatry. Conclusions A Prison Mental Health Network within the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists would serve many useful functions including improving the quality of mental health services by promoting high clinical standards and ethical practice by psychiatrists working in prisons.
Women have leadership advantages – on why that matters and how it may help us
Authors: Adams Sophia JL 
Published: February 2023

Objective Diversity in the workforce is a recognised component of highly functioning teams but remains aspirational in the Australian mental health context. There continue to be significant obstacles to true workforce diversity. The objective of this paper is to outline some of the skills and advantages women in established leadership roles have by dint of their lived workforce experience and how these skills may inform leadership approaches and capacity building potential for the benefit of the system. Conclusions Leaders must synthesise, capacity build, maintain a systems and future focus and hold a vision to harness the skills of others. This paper outlines why women may have some unique capabilities as a consequence of a gender socialised world and describes approaches that contribute to cohesive, diverse and engaged teams.