bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capture‐SELEX for a short aptamer for label‐free detection of salicylic acid
Authors: Gu Lide , Zhang Hanxiao , Ding Yuzhe , Zhang Yao , Wang Deli , Liu Juewen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSalicylic acid (SA) is a hydrolysis product and an active form of aspirin, and SA is found in a range of fruits and other food products. For food and drug and analysis there is a strong desire to detect SA. Since SA is a very small molecule, aptamers have advantages over antibodies for its detection. In this work, we used the library‐immobilization capture‐SELEX method to isolate aptamers for SA. After 17 rounds of selection, two main families of aptamers were isolated. The SA1 aptamer from family 1 has a Kd of 5.8 μM from a thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay and 26.7 μM from isothermal titration calorimetry. The binding of other sequences was weaker compared to SA1. Based on mutation studies, the two conserved regions of SA1 were connected by two stems. Using ThT as a stain, a label‐free fluorescent sensor was tested for the detection of SA with a detection limit of 2.2 μM. A few similar molecules were tested including aspirin, and only p‐hydroxybenzoic acid showed a weak binding, indicating the high specificity of the SA1 aptamer. Finally, the SA1 aptamer was also tested in tomato juice and a similar binding performance was achieved.
Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Enzyme Inhibition Effect
Authors: Arkhypova Valentyna , Soldatkin Oleksandr , Soldatkin Alexei , Dzyadevych Sergei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSeveral electrochemical biosensors based on various enzyme inhibition effects have been designed; their laboratory prototypes have been manufactured and thoroughly investigated. It should be noted that such biosensors are adapted to large‐scale production technologies. A number of advantages and disadvantages of developed biosensors based on enzyme inhibition has been discussed. It is important that all developed biosensors are not opposite to traditional analytical methods, but complement them. This is an additional system of quick and early warning about the presence of toxic substances in the environment. Such systems can save time and money in emergencies due to the possibility of quick decision‐making on local environmental problems. If necessary, more accurate, but time‐consuming and expensive traditional methods could be used for further validation and additional research of samples previously tested by biosensors.
Effects of water turbidity on the survival of Staphylococcus aureus in environmental fresh and brackish waters
Authors: Steadmon Maria , Ngiraklang Kebang , Nagata Macy , Masga Keanu , Frank Kiana L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen frequently detected in environmental waters and commonly causes skin infections to water users. S. aureus concentrations in fresh, brackish, and marine waters are positively correlated with water turbidity. To reduce the risk of S. aureus infections from environmental waters, S. aureus survival (stability and multiplication) in turbid waters needs to be investigated. The aim of this study was to measure S. aureus in turbid fresh and brackish water samples and compare the concentrations over time to determine which conditions are associated with enhanced S. aureus survival. Eighteen samples were collected from fresh and brackish water sources from two different sites on the east side of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi. S. aureus was detected in microcosms for up to 71 days with standard microbial culturing techniques. On average, the greatest environmental concentrations of S. aureus were in high turbidity fresh waters followed by high turbidity brackish waters. Models demonstrate that salinity and turbidity significantly predict environmental S. aureus concentrations. S. aureus persistence over the extent of the experiment was the greatest in high turbidity microcosms with T90's of 147.8 days in brackish waters and 80.8 days in freshwaters. This study indicates that saline, turbid waters, in the absence of sunlight, provides suitable conditions for enhanced persistence of S. aureus communities that may increase the risk of exposure in environmental waters.Practitioner Points
Staphylococcus aureus concentrations, survival, and persistence were assessed in environmental fresh and brackish waters.
Experimental design preserved in situ conditions to measure S. aureus survival.
Higher initial S. aureus concentrations were observed in fresh waters with elevated turbidity, while sustained persistence was greater in brackish waters.
Water turbidity and salinity were both positively associated with S. aureus concentrations and persistence.
Climate change leads to more intense rainfall events which increase water turbidity and pathogen loading, heightening the exposure risk to S. aureus.
Perception of facial and dental asymmetries and their impact on oral health-related quality of life in children and adolescents
Authors: Flanze Katharina , Riemekasten Sandra , Hirsch Christian , Koehne Till 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the perception of facial and dental asymmetries in children and adolescents and how these asymmetries affect their psychosocial and emotional well-being.

Methods
The study included 66 children and adolescents (7–15 years) with a deviation between the maxillary and mandibular dental midlines of > 0.5 mm. The soft tissues of the face were scanned using stereophotogrammetry. Psychosocial and emotional impairments were assessed using the German version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ-G8-10 and 11–14).

Results
The mean midline deviation of the study group was 2.3 mm with no significant gender differences. Girls perceived facial asymmetry significantly more often than boys (p < 0.01). However, stereophotogrammetry showed no significant differences in facial morphology between subjects who perceived their face as asymmetrical and those who perceived it as symmetrical. Interestingly, we observed a significant correlation between the deviation of the dental midline and the lateral displacement of gonion (p < 0.05) and cheilion (p < 0.01). Psychosocial and emotional impairment was significantly higher in girls than in boys (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant correlation with the measured facial asymmetries. In contrast, the CPQ subscale score was 2.68 points higher in individuals with a dental midline shift ≥ 3 mm (p < 0.01), independent of age and gender.

Conclusion
Although girls perceived facial asymmetries more strongly than boys do, this perception could not be objectified by extraoral measurements. A midline shift of 3 mm or more had a negative impact on the oral health-related quality of life of affected children and adolescents.
Hierarchical ensemble deep learning for data-driven lead time prediction
Authors: Aslan Ayse , Vasantha Gokula , El-Raoui Hanane , Quigley John , Hanson Jack , Corney Jonathan , Sherlock Andrew 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper focuses on data-driven prediction of lead times for product orders based on the real-time production state captured at the arrival instants of orders in make-to-order production environments. In particular, we consider a sophisticated manufacturing system where a large number of measurements about the production state are available (e.g. sensor data). In response to this complex prediction challenge, we present a novel ensemble hierarchical deep learning algorithm comprised of three deep neural networks. One of these networks acts as a generalist, while the other two function as specialists for different products. Hierarchical ensemble methods have previously been successfully utilised in addressing various multi-class classification problems. In this paper, we extend this approach to encompass the regression task of lead time prediction. We demonstrate the suitability of our algorithm in two separate case studies. The first case study uses one of the largest manufacturing datasets available, the Bosch production line dataset. The second case study uses synthetic datasets generated from a reliability-based model of a multi-product, make-to-order production system, inspired by the Bosch production line. In both case studies, we demonstrate that our algorithm provides high-accuracy predictions and significantly outperforms selected benchmarks including the single deep neural network. Moreover, we find that prediction accuracy is significantly higher in the synthetic dataset, which suggests that there is complexity (i.e. subtle interactions) in industrial manufacturing processes that are not easily reproduced in artificial models
Modelling foreign exchange rate co-movement and its spatial dependence in emerging markets: a spatial econometrics approach
Authors: Djemo Charles Raoul Tchuinkam , Eita Joel Hinaunye 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the impact of macroeconomic factors on co-movement in the foreign exchange rate markets. Data of foreign exchange rates from 24 merging markets is used to this end along with a dynamic spatial Durbin model as to examine spatial dependencies among markets. Our empirical findings show no evidence that cultural ties exert a role in spreading macroeconomic shocks in the exchange rate of a country to the exchange rates of other countries. Moreover, we show that economic closeness through foreign direct investment (FDI) and international bilateral trade is the most prominent channel in spreading macroeconomic shocks and spatial effects in emerging markets through the foreign exchange rates. In addition, geographical proximity reinforces the interdependence relationship of emerging markets. Our findings show that the co-movement of foreign exchange rate markets across the selected emerging markets is positively influenced by their gross domestic product (GDP) and interest rate differential and negatively affected by the terms of trade and remittance. In addition, we reveal that terms of trade, the inflation differential, and remittance are the most prominent fundamental factors affecting foreign exchange rate movements.
Tailoring diamondised nanocarbon-loaded poly(lactic acid) composites for highly electroactive surfaces: extrusion and characterisation of filaments for improved 3D-printed surfaces
Authors: Cieślik Mateusz , Susik Agnieszka , Banasiak Mariusz , Bogdanowicz Robert , Formela Krzysztof , Ryl Jacek 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA new 3D-printable composite has been developed dedicated to electroanalytical applications. Two types of diamondised nanocarbons - detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) and boron-doped carbon nanowalls (BCNWs) - were added as fillers in poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based composites to extrude 3D filaments. Carbon black served as a primary filler to reach high composite conductivity at low diamondised nanocarbon concentrations (0.01 to 0.2 S/cm, depending on the type and amount of filler). The aim was to thoroughly describe and understand the interactions between the composite components and how they affect the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties, and electrochemical characteristics of filaments and material extrusion printouts. The electrocatalytic properties of composite-based electrodes, fabricated with a simple 3D pen, were evaluated using multiple electrochemical techniques (cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy). The results showed that the addition of 5 wt% of any of the diamond-rich nanocarbons fillers significantly enhanced the redox process kinetics, leading to lower redox activation overpotentials compared with carbon black–loaded PLA. The detection of dopamine was successfully achieved through fabricated composite electrodes, exhibiting lower limits of detection (0.12 μM for DND and 0.18 μM for BCNW) compared with the reference CB-PLA electrodes (0.48 μM). The thermogravimetric results demonstrated that both DND and BCNW powders can accelerate thermal degradation. The presence of diamondised nanocarbons, regardless of their type, resulted in a decrease in the decomposition temperature of the composite. The study provides insight into the interactions between composite components and their impact on the electrochemical properties of 3D-printed surfaces, suggesting electroanalytic potential.
Graphical abstract
Integrated planning for a global pharmaceutical supply chain: an ambidexterity perspective
Authors: Yousefi Sarmad Mahsa , Pishvaee Mir Saman , Jahani Hamed , Khaksar Seyed Mohammad Sadegh , Ivanov Dmitry 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBased on the concept of ambidexterity, we develop a multi-objective, multi-product, and multi-period model to integrate planning for research and development (R&D) and production and distribution (P&D) in a global pharmaceutical supply chain (PSC) considering delays in the entire supply chain. We also propose robust possibilistic programming (RPP) approach to deal with the epistemic uncertainty of some critical input parameters. Applying the ambidexterity approach that emphasizes optimizing a balanced framework based on the R&D and P&D planning, our study reconciles the explorative and exploitative supply chain strategies in the context of global PSCs. The proposed integrated model can manage the inherent delays and uncertainties in the R&D processes and P&D systems via a novel, credibility-based, robust possibilistic programming model. We illustrate the application of our model using a real-world case study of one of the largest and most reputable pharmaceutical companies in Iran. The results affirm the credibility and feasibility of the proposed model when juxtaposed with a non-integrated model. Our study suggests the use of ambidexterity approach in resource allocation planning, risk management, and enhancement of performance in sophisticated settings such as global PSCs.
The Connection Between Sex as Self-Injury and Sexual Violence
Authors: Hedén Ludwig , Jonsson Linda S. , Fredlund Cecilia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a suggested diagnosis recognized by DSM-5 as in need of further research. Recent studies conclude that sex as self-injury (SASI) and NSSI share similar functions, such as being used as emotional regulation. SASI has been associated with earlier sexual abuse, but the understanding of the association between sexual violence and SASI is still limited. The aim of this study was to further investigate the connection between sexual violence and the experience of SASI. How could SASI be related to sexual violence? The study used a qualitative design and was based on an anonymous questionnaire published on the websites of Swedish NGOs, providing help and support to women and youths, such as those in women’s shelters. In total, 139 informants with a mean age of 27.9 years (range 15–64 years) were included in the study. Three main themes were found: (1) Normalization of sexual violence and a shift in boundaries could be seen as consequences of earlier experiences of sexual violence leading to SASI; (2) SASI could escalate into sexual violence through increased need of emotional regulation, increased risk-taking, and risk of victimization; (3) SASI could be used to regain control of re-experiences, the body, sexuality, and shame after sexual abuse. In conclusion, a complex connection was identified whereby SASI could escalate into sexual violence, and earlier experiences of sexual violence could lead to SASI in a vicious loop. Hence, SASI should be seen as a risk factor for further victimization and sexual abuse.
The December 2020 magnitude (Mw) 6.4 Petrinja earthquake, Croatia: seismological aspects, emergency response and impacts
Authors: Atalić Josip , Demšić Marija , Baniček Maja , Uroš Mario , Dasović Iva , Prevolnik Snježan , Kadić Alen , Šavor Novak Marta , Nastev Miroslav 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOn December 29, 2020, nine months after the March Mw 5.4 Zagreb earthquake and amidst the COVID-19 lockdown, a devastating Mw 6.4 earthquake struck near the town of Petrinja, about 50 km SE from the country’s capital Zagreb. It was preceded by the Mw 4.9 foreshock from the day before. The main shock claimed 7 fatalities and caused widespread damage. Historical centers of nearby cities with invaluable heritage buildings were significantly affected as were the many residential buildings, built mainly of unreinforced masonry. Damage was observed as far as 60 km from the epicenter. This paper summarizes the seismological aspects of the Mw 6.4 Petrinja earthquake, the emergency response and the main impacts to people and buildings. The description and findings are based on the field observations and a series of post-earthquake activities led by the team of the Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zagreb. Typical damage to buildings and usability data are presented with examples based on 50,000 inspection results. By far the most affected were the unreinforced masonry buildings, followed by confined masonry, whereas reinforced concrete buildings were the least affected. The total direct and indirect losses are estimated to 4.8 billion EUR. The provided information represents a useful basis and impetus for improving emergency action and long-term disaster reduction plans in other regions with similar building exposure and seismotectonic settings.
SALτ: efficiently stopping TAR by improving priors estimates
Authors: Molinari Alessio , Esuli Andrea 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn high recall retrieval tasks, human experts review a large pool of documents with the goal of satisfying an information need. Documents are prioritized for review through an active learning policy, and the process is usually referred to as Technology-Assisted Review (TAR). TAR tasks also aim to stop the review process once the target recall is achieved to minimize the annotation cost. In this paper, we introduce a new stopping rule called SAL$$_\tau ^R$$τR(SLD for Active Learning), a modified version of the Saerens–Latinne–Decaestecker algorithm (SLD) that has been adapted for use in active learning. Experiments show that our algorithm stops the review well ahead of the current state-of-the-art methods, while providing the same guarantees of achieving the target recall.
Climate labels and the restaurant industry: a qualitative study
Authors: Gay Anne-Sophie , Warden Julia M. , Lane Hakan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs the food industry accounts for more than one-third of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, it is one of the largest contributors to climate change. Strategies for reducing CO2e (equivalent) emissions must be implemented to regulate the impact the food systems have on the climate. Environmental communication using climate labels and sharing information on carbon footprints can help reduce GHGs emissions from restaurant purchases on a systemic scale. The aim is to gain insights and study how a carbon label influences the concept of a climate-friendly restaurant and its capacity to bridge the gap between knowledge, awareness, and action. What are the motivations for restaurant employees to adopt climate-friendly behavior? How does the label’s use influence restaurants’ decision to track their carbon footprint over time, communicate the carbon footprint of dishes, and adapt menus to be more climate-friendly? The data were collected with semi-structured interviews with video communication with three restaurant chains, all using labels. The data collected via the interviews were examined using an inductive thematic analysis to identify key themes. The transcending transmission approach to communication was used to gain insights into instrumental and constitutive communication dynamics. As the theoretical framework, ‘symbolic interactionism’ helps untangle constitutive aspects of environmental communication surrounding climate labels to analyze the process of conceptualization through usage, co-creation, and interpretation. The analysis brought forward three main themes: the interactions between the scientific data accessible in the tool and the restaurants. Second, the diverse implications of sustainability marketing for motivating climate actions and what they look like. And finally, climate actions and how they are being apprehended and implemented by the restaurants. The promise of climate labels was discussed by elaborating on socio-cultural dynamics, sustainability marketing, and activism forces and impulses influencing the motivations for restaurants. We then discussed the capacity to transcend information into action through collaboration and inclusiveness to avoid greenwashing. Restaurants have a commercial interest in implementing climate labels in their business and an intrinsic desire to be a company that takes action for the planet because of the restaurants ‘employees’ convictions. However, restaurants find themselves in a tricky situation where they can be criticized if they take ‘wrong’ actions that can be considered greenwashing and criticized if they do nothing. The software enables restaurants to legitimize their actions and communicate them, making them resilient and evolving.
“I’m Not Teaching Them Per Se”: Designing and Delivering Asynchronous Undergraduate Online STEM Courses
Authors: Garza Mitchell Regina L. , DeCamp Whitney , Horvitz Brian S. , Kowalske Megan Grunert , Singleton Cherrelle 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough online courses have been a part of academia for nearly 30 years, they are still perceived as “different” than face-to-face instruction. Through in-depth interviews with four instructors, we explored how STEM faculty approach teaching asynchronous online undergraduate STEM courses. The faculty interviewed for this study viewed online courses as “not regular class[es]” and teaching those classes as “not teaching per se.” Each of the instructors had assumptions about what a classroom was and about good instruction, but even for instructors who taught online for multiple years, those assumptions remained grounded in the face-to-face environment. There is a need for greater discussion about what it means to teach in an online environment.
Derangements in wreath products of permutation groups
Authors: Arumugam Vishnuram , Dietrich Heiko , Glasby S. P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGiven a finite group G acting on a set X let $$\delta _k(G,X)$$

δ
k

(
G
,
X
)

denote the proportion of elements in G that have exactly k fixed points in X. Let $$\mathcal {S}_n$$

S
n

denote the symmetric group acting on $$[n]=\{1,2,\dots ,n\}$$

[
n
]
=
{
1
,
2
,
⋯
,
n
}

. For $$A\leqslant \mathcal {S}_m$$

A
⩽

S
m

and $$B\leqslant \mathcal {S}_n$$

B
⩽

S
n

, the permutational wreath product $$A\wr B$$

A
≀
B

has two natural actions and we give formulas for both, $$\delta _k(A\wr B,[m]{\times }[n])$$

δ
k

(
A
≀
B
,

[
m
]

×

[
n
]

)

and $$\delta _k(A\wr B,[m]^{[n]})$$

δ
k

(
A
≀
B
,

[
m
]

[
n
]

)

. We prove that for $$k=0$$

k
=
0

the values of these proportions are dense in the intervals $$[\delta _0(B,[n]),1]$$

[

δ
0

(
B
,

[
n
]

)

,
1
]

and $$[\delta _0(A,[m]),1]$$

[

δ
0

(
A
,

[
m
]

)

,
1
]

. Among further results, we provide estimates for $$\delta _0(G,[m]^{[n]})$$

δ
0

(
G
,

[
m
]

[
n
]

)

for subgroups $$G\leqslant \mathcal {S}_m\wr \mathcal {S}_n$$

G
⩽

S
m

≀

S
n

containing $$\mathcal {A}_m^{[n]}$$

A
m

[
n
]

.