bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical study on ultrasonic artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis of developmental hip dysplasia in children
Authors: Zhang Si-Cheng , Ma Hai-Long , Sun Xi-Wei , Wu Qing-Jie , Xu Jing-Yuan , Sun Jun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:Developmental hip dysplasia(DDH) is a common pediatric disease.For patients younger than 6 months of age,ultrasound diagnosis is more suitable for screening and assessment of hip development.At present,there is an urgent need for a reproducible and reliable ultrasound screening method for DDH diagnosis.
Purpose: To construct and verify an artificial intelligence-assisted deep learning system for ultrasound diagnosis of developmental hip dysplasia in children.
Materials and Methods: 2021 standard sections were selected from January 2019 to January 2021. All standard sections were annotated using unified standards through the image transmedia data annotation and audit system.1753 images were randomly selected to train the deep learning system,the remaining 268 were used to test the system.
Results:
268 patients were tested. The AUC for diagnosing hip joint maturity was 0.941, (sensitivity 90.5%, specificity 97.8%),while the AUC for Graf classification was 0.685(sensitivity 45.3% specificity 91.7%),compared with clinicians’ measurements. According to the Bland–Altman method, the 95% limits of agreement of α angle was-6.426°~4.811°(Bias=-0.8075,P < 0.001), that of β angle was -5.545°~6.507°(Bias=0.4812,P=0.057). 7 key points measured by AI were statistically different from the clinician values.
Conclusions: The artificial intelligence system could quickly and accurately measure the Graf correlation index of standard hip joint ultrasound images.
A wearable stethoscope for accurate real-time lung sound monitoring and automatic wheezing detection based on an AI algorithm
Authors: Lee Soo Hyun , Lee Kyoung-Ryul , Kim Taewi , Im Sunghoon , Lee Yi Jae , Jeong Seongeun , Shin Hanho , Kim Minho , Lee Jingoo , Kim Dohyeong , Choi Gil-Soon , Kang Daeshik , Seo Sungchul 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The various bioacoustics signals obtained with auscultation contain complex clinical information used as traditional biomarkers, however it is not widely used in clinical for long-term studies due to spatiotemporal limitations. Here, we developed a wearable stethoscope for skin-attachable, continuous and real-time auscultation using a lung sound monitoring patch (LSMP). The LSMP can monitor respiratory function through mobile app and classify normal and adventitious breathing by comparing the unique acoustic characteristics they produced. Heart and breathing sounds from humans can be distinguished from complex sound consisting of a mixture of the bioacoustic signal and external noise. The performance was further demonstrated with pediatric asthma and elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. We implemented a counting algorithm to identify wheezing events in real-time regardless of the respiratory cycle. As a result, the AI-based adventitious breathing event counter distinguished over 80% of events, especially wheezing events, in long-term clinical application.
A pan-cancer analysis indicates the cuproptosis-related SLC31A1 gene is a potential prognostic and immunotherapy biomarker in various cancers including colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Zhaowei , Kang Lili , Yang Zhenze , Cai Yaoqing , Yu Shuyong , Li Ping , Song Jian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Abnormal expression of cuproptosis-related regulators is closely related to the development of various cancers. However, the role of cuproptosis-related SLC31A1 (solid carrier family 31 member 1) gene, as a high-affinity copper transporter, in the prognosis and immunotherapy of multiple different cancers remains unclear.Methods Based on the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, the expression level of SLC31A1 was analyzed in tumors and normal tissues, and the survival value of SLC31A1 was evaluated by Cox regression analysis. Then, we explored the relationship between SLC31A1 expression and genetic alterations, DNA methylation, and immune cell infiltration. And the biological function of SLC31A1 in pan-cancer was further clarified by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Additionally, in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), we deeply explored the relationship between SLC31A1 expression and clinicopathological stages, immune infiltration types, RNAss, DNAss, and tumor microenvironment scores, and the specific biological process of SLC31A1 was investigated through GO enrichment analysis.Results The expression level of SLC31A1 varied considerably with cancers, and its high expression had significant prognostic value in LIHC, KIRC, THYM, UCS, ACC, LGG, MESO, BLCA, TGCT, KICH, COAD, STAD, PCPG, and BRCA. SLC31A1 expression was significantly correlated with genetic alterations, DNA methylation, and immune cell infiltration. GSEA further indicated that SLC31A1 was mainly related to immune regulation signals in various cancers. In COAD, SLC31A1 expression was remarkably related to RNAss and immune scores, and GO analysis revealed that SLC31A1 was mainly associated with DNA and RNA replication, activity, and binding.Conclusion Our research first systematically revealed the potential value of SLC31A1 in prognosis and immunotherapy in multiple cancers, especially in COAD, suggesting that it will become a new target in the prognosis and treatment of cancers.
The Value of Oral Selective Estrogen Receptor Degraders in Patients with HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer after Progression on ≥ 1 Line of Endocrine Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Xiewei , Yu Yushuai , Luo Shiping , Fu Wenfen , Zhang Jie , Song Chuangui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Currently, the value of oral selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) for hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (aBC) after progression on ≥ 1 line of endocrine therapy (ET) remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate progression-free survival (PFS) and safety benefits in several clinical trials.
Materials and methods: Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and conference proceedings (SABCS, ASCO, ESMO, and ESMO Breast) were searched systematically and comprehensively. Random effects model or fixed effects models were used to assess pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for oral SERDs versus standard of care.
Results: A total of four studies involving 1,290 patients were included in our analysis. The hazard ratio (HR) of PFS showed that the oral SERDs regimen is better than the standard of carein patients with HR+/HER2- aBC after progression on ≥ 1 line of ET (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62-0.91, p = 0.004). In patients with ESR1 mutations, the oral SERDs regimen obtained better PFS than those treated with the standard of care (HR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.47-0.71, p <0.00001). For patients with disease progression following previous use of CDK4/6 inhibitors, arms of the oral SERDs still obtain PFS profit versus the standard of care (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.64-0.87, p = 0.0002).
Conclusions: Oral SERDs regimen has a significant PFS benefit compared to standard-of-care ET in patients with HR+/HER2- aBC after progression on ≥ 1 line of ET. In particular, we recommend oral SERDs as a preferred choice for those patients with ESR1m, and it could be a potential replacement for fulvestrant. Oral SERDs regimen also benefits after the progression of CDK4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy.
Simulation Analysis and Test of Gap Squeeze Gear Type Fertilizer Discharger for Granular Fertilizer Containing Caking
Authors: Dun Guoqiang , Mao Ning , Ji Xinxin , Zhang Fuli 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Precision fertilizer application technology is necessary to improve fertilizer utilization efficiency in agricultural production. To achieve precision fertilizer application and solve problems in production practice that contain the structure problem of the traditional mechanical fertilization systems, and the fertilizer discharger is blocked and can not achieve uniform fertilization because the fertilizer contains caking fertilizer in response to the characteristics of conventional fertilizers containing caking fertilizers, innovative design and system experimental simulation studies were carried out. A gap squeeze gear-type fertilizer dis-charger was designed, and fertilizer caking crushing was achieved by configuring the gear gap squeezing method. Combined with engineering practice, two mixed fertilizers (granular fertilizer with caking fertilizer) were constructed and blended by using BPM (Hertz Mindlin with bonding) discrete element, the fertilizer discharger was used as the object of study to simulate and experimentally investigate the process of crushing and discharging of mixed fertilizer and the process of uniform discharging of mixed fertilizer. The simulation test model of the separation device with vibration screen of the caking fertilizer and granular fertilizer after fertilizing was established to study the crushing rate of the caking fertilizer, and the simulation model with collection plate of the uniformity of the mixed fertilizer discharge was based on to explore the uniformity of the mixed fertilizer. The L9 (34) orthogonal test was carried out under the conditions with the number of teeth, pressure angle, and fertilization gap as test factors and the fertilizer crushing rate and fertilizer uniformity coefficient as test indicators. The test results showed that the number of teeth and pressure angle had significant effects (0.01 < P < 0.05) on the crushing fertilizer rate and fertilizer uniformity, and the fertilization gap had no significant impact (P༞0.05) on the crushing fertilizer rate and fertilizer uniformity. In the optimal combination of parameters, the number of teeth 6, pres-sure angle 15 °, fertilization gap 6mm operation, the coefficient of uniformity of crushing fertilizer rate and fertilizer uniformity were 74.89% and 17.21%, respectively. The bench test results compared with the outer groove wheeled fertilizer drainer showed that the optimized gap squeeze gear type fertilizer discharger has higher fertilizer crushing quality at different speeds, and the fertilizer crushing rate and uniformity were79.69% and 18.56%, respectively, within the error range. The simulation results are in general agreement. This study provides evidence for fertilizer discharger structure design and enhances the effect of fertilizer discharger crushing.
A cytomegalovirus inflammasome inhibitor curbs proinflammatory cytokine release and pyroptosis
Authors: Brune Wolfram , Deng Yingqi , Ostermann Eleonore 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In response to viral infection, cells can initiate programmed cell death (PCD), leading to a reduction in the release of viral progeny. Viruses have therefore evolved specific mechanisms to curb PCD. Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are particularly sophisticated manipulators of cellular defenses and are known to encode potent inhibitors of apoptosis and necroptosis. However, a CMV inhibitor of pyroptosis, the third major PCD form, has not been identified. Encoding such an inhibitor should be important for the virus as the three PCD pathways are not separate entities but interconnected pathways. Here we identify the murine CMV M84 protein as an inhibitor of pyroptosis and proinflammatory cytokine release. M84 interacts with the pyrin domain of the inflammasome components AIM2 and ASC to block Caspase-1 activation, release of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, cleavage of Gasdermin D, and pyroptosis of macrophages. Growth attenuation of an M84-deficient MCMV in macrophages was rescued by knockout of either Aim2 or Asc or by treatment with a Caspase-1 inhibitor, and its attenuation in infected mice was partially rescued in Asc knockout mice. These results demonstrate that viral inhibition of the inflammasome-pyroptosis pathway is important to promote viral replication and dissemination in vivo.
Contrasting germination behavior of nodding broomrape towards soybean seeds- and sprouts-extract is associated with their corresponding phytohormones, sugars and isoflavones contents
Authors: Manoharlal Raman , Saiprasad G.V.S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In the present study, a comparative study involving soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds- (SPE) and sprouts-extract (SSE) as a pre-conditioning media was performed to evaluate their allelopathic impact on nodding broomrape (Orobanche cernua L.) germination. Contrasting germination behaviour of broomrape, characterised by respective inhibition and induction in its germination was observed in response to an optimised concentration of SPE and SSE. Further study was conducted to explore the phyto-constituents of soybean seed- (SSP) and sprout-flour (SSF) responsible for differential germination of broomrape. Plant-growth regulators quantification revealed a relative enhanced bioactive gibberellin (GA4) to abscisic acid (ABA) ratio (GA4 : ABA) in SSF. Carbohydrates analysis revealed a relative reduced content of soluble-sugars, starch, sucrose (SUC) and raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFOs) in concomitant with relative enhanced levels of reducing-sugars, glucose (GLU) and galactose (GAL) in SSF. The isoflavone content (IFC) analysis revealed a relative enhanced level of total IFC and individual bioactive aglycones [viz. daidzein, glycitein and genistein (GEN)] in SSF. Exogenous applications of GA3, ABA and its antagonists (viz. uniconazole and fluridone), mono- (viz. GLU and GAL), oligo-saccharides (viz. SUC and RFOs), SPE50 and SSE50 pre-treated with enzyme-mix harbouring RFOs- and SUC-metabolizing enzymes (viz. α-galactosidase + invertase) and GEN as a pre-conditioning media of broomrape were also in agreement with the aforesaid observations. To the best of our knowledge, this is first report mentioning the contrasting germination behavior of broomrape towards SPE and SSE. Overall, these findings could be explored to formulate the ‘Green’ methods for the control of parasitic-weed infestation in agonomically important crops.
Chromatin conformation dynamics during CD4+ T cell activation implicates autoimmune disease-associated genes and regulatory elements
Authors: Wells Andrew , Pahl Matthew , Sharma Prabhat , Thomas Rajan , Thompson Zachary , Mount Zachary , Pippin James , Morawski Peter , Campbell Daniel , Grant Struan , Su Chun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of genetic loci associated with autoimmune disease, but the causal variants and their contribution to immune dysregulation remain largely unknown. We measured the dynamics of chromosome conformation, chromatin accessibility, and gene transcription across three phases of naive human CD4+ T cell activation and co-localized active cis-regulatory elements with the 95% credible set of variants from 15 autoimmune GWAS. Reorganization of chromosome structure placed these elements in direct contact with ~1,200 protein-coding genes, at least one-third of which were dynamically regulated by stimulation. The set of implicated genes is enriched for high-throughput CRISPR screen targets that control multiple aspects of CD4+ T cell activation, and we pharmacologically validated eight novel gene products as potent regulators of T cell proliferation. These maps also allowed the identification and functional validation of a novel stretch of intergenic enhancers whose activity is required for IL2 gene expression and is influenced by autoimmune-associated genetic variation. This study represents a powerful strategy and resource for assigning physiologic relevance to autoimmune-risk variants and identifying novel genes that control T cell activation and function.
TVIE-based fault-tolerant model predictive control for trajectory tracking of mobile robot
Authors: Zhu Jun-Wei , Ying Liang-Huan , Wang Xin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the trajectory tracking control issue for linear parameter-varying (LPV) system of wheeled mobile robot (WMR) with actuator fault and constraints, where a time-varying intermediate estimator (TVIE)-based fault-tolerant model predictive control (MPC) method is proposed. A new estimation-based predictive model is designed by introducing the estimations of error state and fault from the TVIE. Moreover, compared with the existing traditional IE or extended state observer(ESO), the estimation performance of TVIE whose gain is optimized online based on an objective function is better. To guarantee stability and recursive feasibility, the bimodal MPC strategy is used, where a terminal penalty and a terminal constraint are included. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach is illustrated by two experiments.
A Novel MALT1-related Immune Prognostic Signature and Targeted Drug Screening for Glioblastoma
Authors: Li Hui , Du Zhishan , Lu Han , Wang Zhenhua , Xi Jianxin , Chen Jun , Li Yutang , Zhong Sheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
As the most common intracranial malignancy in adults, glioblastoma (GBM) has limited improvement in prognosis with traditional treatment methods, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Currently, immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment outcomes for many cancers. However, special immunosuppressive microenvironment of GBM results in patients’ resistance to immunotherapy and poor prognosis. The mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue translocation gene 1 (MALT1) was reported to be involved in NF-κB activation and promote cancer cell’s proliferation and migration. And inhibition of MALT1 could attenuate the mesenchymal phenotype of GBM. Therefore, uncovering the role of MALT1 in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of GBM is of great importance. In this study, RNA-seq data of 169 GBM patients were downloaded from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database and divided into MALT1_H (MALT1_High) and MALT1_L (MALT1_Low) groups based on MALT1’s expression level. First, the enrichment levels of the 29-immune signature were quantified in every GBM patient of MALT1_H and MALT1_L. Next, DEIGs (differentially expressed immune genes) were identified and used to establish an IPS (immune prognostic signature) by the LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) Cox regression analysis. PDYN was first found to be associated with GBM prognosis and was identified as a potential target of GBM. Based on three-gene IPS, we developed a predictive nomogram model to assess the prognosis of GBM patients. Additionally, MALT1 were proved to be a potential ideal therapeutic target for GBM. So, series of computer-aided technology were applied to screen favorable inhibitors of MALT1. In summary, we explored role of MALT1 in the suppressive immune microenvironment of GBM, established a novel MALT1-related nomogram model for prognostic prediction, and developed the targeted therapy for GBM in this study.
Application of Machine Learning to the Prediction of Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Mantha Simon , Chatterjee Subrata , Singh Rohan , Cadley John , Poon Chester , Chatterjee Avijit , Kelly Daniel , Sterpi Michelle , Soff Gerald , Zwicker Jeffrey , Soria José , Ruiz Magdalena , Muñoz Andres , Arcila Maria 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common and impactful complication of cancer. Several clinical prediction rules have been devised to estimate the risk of a thrombotic event in this patient population, however they are associated with limitations. We aimed to develop a predictive model of cancer-associated VTE using machine learning as a means to better integrate all available data, improve prediction accuracy and allow applicability regardless of timing for systemic therapy administration. A retrospective cohort was used to fit and validate the models, consisting of adult patients who had next generation sequencing performed on their solid tumor for the years 2014 to 2019. A deep learning survival model limited to demographic, cancer-specific, laboratory and pharmacological predictors was selected based on results from training data for 23,800 individuals and was evaluated on an internal validation set including 5,951 individuals, yielding a time-dependent concordance index of 0.72 (95% CI = 0.70–0.74) for the first 6 months of observation. Adapted models also performed well overall compared to the Khorana Score (KS) in two external cohorts of individuals starting systemic therapy; in an external validation set of 1,250 patients, the C-index was 0.71 (95% CI = 0.65–0.77) for the deep learning model vs 0.66 (95% CI = 0.59–0.72) for the KS and in a smaller external cohort of 358 patients the C-index was 0.59 (95% CI = 0.50–0.69) for the deep learning model vs 0.56 (95% CI = 0.48–0.64) for the KS. The proportions of patients accurately reclassified by the deep learning model were 25% and 26% respectively. In this large cohort of patients with a broad range of solid malignancies and at different phases of systemic therapy, the use of deep learning resulted in improved accuracy for VTE incidence predictions. Additional studies are needed to further assess the validity of this model.
Prevalence and factors associated with Acute Kidney Injury among children aged 6month- 12years passing dark urine admitted at Soroti Regional Referral Hospital: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nakuya Margaret , Batte Anthony , Musiime Victor 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is associated with a high mortality yet survivors are at risk for Hypertension, chronic kidney disease, long term neurocognitive and behavioural problems. Early recognition of patients with possible AKI is crucial for better treatment outcome, hence a need for evidence to guide targeted screening of patients with a risk factor for AKI. We sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with AKI among children passing dark urine since haemoglobinuria, which presents as dark urine is a known risk factor for AKI.
Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Soroti Regional Referral Hospital, among children aged 6month to 12years, who presented with dark urine. Urine colour was assessed using the Hammer Smith colour urine chart, only children with urine colour grade ≥ 5 were recruited. Serum creatinine analysis was done on the day of admission, within 48 hours and at day 7 or discharge. AKI was defined as a ≥ 1.5-fold increase in serum creatininefrom the baseline. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to determine factors associates with AKI with p values <0.05 level of significance.
Results: Between January 2022 – July 2022, we enrolled a total of 255 participantswith median age of 4.0 (IQR, 2.0-6.58) years. About two thirds of the participants were males 157 (61.6%) and majority 111 (43.5%) presented with grade 8 of the urine colour. The prevalence of AKI was 38% (95% CI 32.3% - 44.2%). The factors found to be associated with AKI were grade of the urine colour ≥ 9 (aOR, 3.120 (95% CI 1.34-6.78) and reduced urine output (aOR, 3.226 (95% CI 1.10-9.81)
Conclusion; The prevalence of AKI among children passing dark urine was high (38%). AKI was more likely to occur if the child was passing urine that is profoundly black and if there is history of reduced urine output. These findings reiterate the need for close monitoring of urine output of hospitalized children particularly those passing dark urine. Screening of those with profoundly black urine or reduced urine output should be done.