bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Sentinel Lymph Nodes During Breast Cancer Surgery: A Literature Overview
Authors: Šepetys Gratas , Gudavičienė Daiva , Jakutis Nerijus 
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Detecting metastases is an important part of successful breast cancer treatment. Usually, the tumor tissue first spreads to the sentinel lymph nodes. Removal of the latter during surgery and histological examination allows to assess the patient’s di­sease stage, prognosis and treatment. The literature provides more than one approach or a combination of them, allowing us to accurately identify the breast’s sentinel lymph nodes and avoid removing all axillary lymph nodes. Purpose. To review the methods of intraoperative detection of breast sentinel lymph nodes presented in the literature. Research material and methods. Publications were searched using the specialized information search system Google Scholar. Keywords used in the search: breast sentinel lymph nodes, intraoperative detection. After evaluating the exclusion criteria, the review was based on 25 scientific publications. Results. 4 individual measures and 2 combinations of them can be used to detect sentinel breast lymph nodes during surgery. The materials used can be injected in 6 different ways. Conclusions. The combination of technetium-99m radiocolloid and methylene blue can be evaluated as the best method for intraoperative detection of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. On the other hand, due to radiation and operating costs, more attention is being paid to the use of indocyanine green, superparamagnetic iron oxide, methylene blue dye, and the detection of metastases without surgery. Superficial methods of injecting the substance should be combined with deep ones due to the possibility of detecting extra-axillary sentinel lymph nodes of the breast. Ultimately, all decisions must be made on a case-by-case basis.
The Incremental Value of Functional Testing for Acute Chest Pain Assessment in the Context of High-sensitivity Troponin T
Authors: Wattchow Naomi , Lambrakis Kristina , Horsfall Matthew , Morton Erin , Papendick Cynthia , Blyth Andrew , Chew Derek P 
Published: March 2023

Background: Functional testing for acute chest pain assessment is a common practice that has not been re-examined in the era of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin. This population poses a significant analytical dilemma for physicians to achieve accurate diagnosis, balanced against the inherent risks of hospital admission and invasive downstream testing. This single-centre study evaluated outcomes in patients who underwent chest pain assessment, whose initial diagnosis was not consistent with a MI, comparing subsequent functional testing versus no functional testing. Methods: An inverse probability propensity-matched analysis of patients who underwent chest pain assessment in the emergency department and not initially referred for coronary angiography was performed to examine whether functional testing was associated with a lower rate of death or MI at 30 days. Results: In total, 3,101 patients were included. Functional testing was performed in 986 patients, while 2,115 did not undergo functional testing. The quality of propensity matching for covariates was high. The overall event rate of all-cause mortality and MI was low, totalling at five events. There was no significant difference between those who underwent functional testing versus those who did not undergo functional testing. Conclusion: Functional testing is not likely to be associated with a reduced risk of death or MI within 30 days, and provides limited further diagnostic benefit in the acute timeframe in the context of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin testing.
A visual condition assessment of a reinforced concrete railway bridge subject to alkali silica reaction (ASR) deterioration in Johannesburg
Authors: Kanjee Janina P. , Ballim Yunus , Otieno Mike 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the 1940’s, a reinforced concrete (RC) railway bridge located in central Johannesburg was constructed using Witwatersrand Quartzite, at the time, unknown to be an alkali-silica reactive aggregate. The bridge currently displays signs of distress in the form of severe map-cracking. This study presents preliminary results of a series of tests that have been conducted to characterise the severity of alkali silica reaction (ASR) deterioration in the bridge. Twelve concrete cores were extracted for testing from various locations of the railway bridge, which displayed varying degrees of distress. A visual assessment was conducted globally on the entire structure as well as locally (using modified damage rating index (DRI) approach) on the extracted cores. The findings showed that there was extensive map-cracking present on all thirteen railway bridge elements examined, revealing signs of distress in the bridge. Even elements that were sheltered from exposure to direct rain, such as the underside of three arch surfaces, also exhibited extensive map-cracking. Furthermore, the modified DRI method was a useful technique to assess and compare the relative extent of damage of concrete taken from various locations of a RC structure, using local images of the cylindrical surface of the concrete cores.

Graphical Abstract
Reactivación de la práctica quirúrgica electiva y estrategias de priorización durante pandemia por SARS-CoV2: Una experiencia exitosa
Authors: Pardo  Munevar Cristian Antonio , Castillo-Rodelo Cinthya P. , García-Perdomo Herney A. 
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas/epidemiológicas y estrategia de priorización en pacientes adultos sometidos a cirugía electiva durante la pandemia por SARS- CoV2.
Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo, de 297 pacientes quirúrgicos en una clínica de alta complejidad de la ciudad de Cali-Colombia, del 27 abril al 5 agosto del 2020. Se establecieron cuatro fases en los pacientes: estratificación de riesgo, estrategia pre-quirúrgica, fase quirúrgica y seguimiento postquirúrgico.
Resultados: En la institución 9 de los 20 servicios quirúrgicos habilitados en la institución desarrollaron intervenciones quirúrgicas en el periodo de estudio. Se presentó un 21.9% de complicaciones de baja gravedad (tipo I y II) según clasificación de Clavien-Dindo. Se realizaron 189 procedimientos oncológicos (63%) y 108 no oncológicos (36%). La estratificación del riesgo según puntaje MeNTS fue predominantemente ≤50 (294 pacientes). El seguimiento postquirúrgico se realizó vía telefónica y presencial, solo un paciente presento síntomas sugestivos de infección por SARS-CoV2.
Conclusión: Durante el reinicio de las actividades quirúrgicas ambulatoria se establecieron protocolos estrictos con criterios para la selección de los pacientes con procedimiento quirúrgico y medidas para minimizar el riesgo de infección nosocomial del SARS-CoV2 en pacientes y personal del equipo de salud
Analysis of the breast cancer progression frequency depending on the amount of surgical treatment performed after neoadjuvant drug therapy
Authors: Rykov M. Yu. , Maksimov D. A. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose. To compare the incidence of breast cancer (BC) relapse after subcutaneous mastectomy and Madden radical mastectomy.Patients and methods. The study included 102 patients diagnosed with BC with stages IIB – III, who underwent neoadjuvant drug therapy with a subsequent surgical stage of treatment on the basis of the Tver Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary from 2017 to 2020. The main group included 50 patients who underwent subcutaneous mastectomy with simultaneous installation of an endoprosthesis: stage IIB – 31 (62 %) patients; stage III – 19 (38 %) patients. The comparison group included 52 patients who underwent surgical treatment in volume – radical mastectomy according to Madden (RME): Stage IIB – 34 (65.4 %) patients; stage III – 18 (34.6 %) patients. Depending on the subtype of the tumor, patients received neoadjuvant drug therapy.Results. During the three-year follow-up period, the progression of the disease after subcutaneous RME was detected in 7 (14 %) patients. Locoregional relapses accounted for 4 cases (8 %), progression to distant organs 3 cases (6 %). After the Madden RME, disease progression was detected in 6 (11.5 %) patients. Locoregional relapses accounted for 3 cases (5.7 %), progression to distant organs 3 cases (5.7 %). The detected foci did not always coincide with the primary subtype of the tumor: in 5 cases the subtype was different (38.5 %), in 8 cases it coincided (61.5 %).Conclusion. The frequency of development of locoregional and distant metastases did not statistically depend on the volume of surgical intervention (p > 0.05). It is reasonable to conduct a histological examination in case of progression to determine the tactics of treatment.
Preoperative chemotherapy usage experience for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Polyakov A. N. , Granov D. A. , Patyutko Yu. I. , Pokataev I. A. , Polikarpov A. A. , Kagacheva T. I. , Bazin I. S. , Umirzokov A. Sh. , Frantsev D. Yu. , Zhuikov V. N. , Podluzhny D. V. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of the study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of preoperative chemotherapy in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC).Patients and methods. A total of 171 liver resections for IHCC were performed between 2007 and 2021, of which 24 were preceded by preoperative therapy (14.0 %). Systemic therapy was conducted in 11 patients (45.8 %). Regional chemotherapy was provided to 13 patients (54.2 %). In two cases, regional chemotherapy was supplemented with systemic therapy.Results. A significant increase in the proportion of patients with clinical stage IIIb and higher was observed in the group of patients who had received preoperative therapy (83.3 % vs. 35.4 %, p < 0.0001). Complications of preoperative therapy occurred in 45.8 % of patients, with grade three and above complications identified in three patients (12.5 %). The incidence of postoperative complications (37.5 % vs. 42.9 %, p = 0.79), post‑resection liver failure (8.3 % vs. 13.6 %, p = 0.7) and postoperative mortality (4.2 % vs. 3.4 %, p = 0.68) in the preoperative therapy group were similar to those in the control group. The rate of radical resections was also identical, 83 % in both groups (p = 0.8). The relapses rates within the first six months after the surgery were similar: 25 % of patients in both groups (p = 0.62). The median OS reached 36 months in the main group and 32 months in the control one (p = 0.81).Conclusion. Since the main group predominantly included patients with more advanced stages of the disease and yet the treatment resulted in comparable immediate and long‑term outcomes, it can be concluded that preoperative therapy can be justified in patients with IHCC who have factors predisposing to poor prognosis. Randomized trials are necessary to determine the rationality, as well as the type and regimen of preoperative therapy to be used in patients with IHCC.
New Methodology for Unbiased Ground-Motion Intensity Conversion Equations
Authors: Gallahue Molly , Abrahamson Norman 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Ground-motion intensity conversion equations (GMICEs) allow for conversions between ground-motion amplitude and shaking intensity. The current methods used to develop GMICEs model the dependence of the intensity on the peak ground-motion (PGM) parameter. For some models, there is a second step that models the magnitude and distance dependence of the residuals from the initial regression. We show that this approach for developing GMICEs works well for estimating the intensity from median ground motions, but for ground-motion values away from the medians, the intensities estimated by the GMICE can have large bias, with overprediction for positive PGM residuals and underprediction for negative PGM residuals. The bias is due to an implicit assumption in the current approach that there is a direct causal relation between intensity and the ground-motion parameter and that the residuals of the intensity and ground-motion parameter are fully correlated. We present two alternative methodologies for developing GMICEs that do not suffer from this bias. The first method includes the magnitude and distance scaling of the GMICE in the initial regression for the scaling with the PGM. The second method excludes the magnitude and distance terms but includes the number of standard deviations of the PGM (ϵ) as an additional parameter in the GMICE. Using a synthetic data set of intensity and peak ground acceleration values, we show that the GMICE developed using the proposed method leads to more accurate estimates of the intensity than current methods. We also discuss implications of using GMICEs based on the proposed methods for the evaluation of probabilistic hazard maps and as input to ShakeAlert estimates.
Insuficiencia cardíaca con fracción de eyección ligeramente reducida. Retos, realidades y futuro
Authors: Aristizabal David , Pineda Moreno Mario , Moreno Soto Karen Juliana 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction has been a sensitive point in cardiology throughout its history, since it has had multiple names and a pathophysiology that can belong to both heart failure with Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (less than 40%) and heart failure Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (greater than 50%), which makes it difficult to generate standard recommendations for this entity.
Objective: Recognize Heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction as an individual entity both for its diagnosis and follow-up, for which currently efforts are being made to develop phenotypes that allow us to go beyond the ejection fraction, mainly consolidated from characteristics valued by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, as well as for its management
Methods: Narrative review of the literature
Results: Traditional therapies such as beta-blockers, ACE (Angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors, ARBs (Angiotensin receptor blockers), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, barely manage to give rise to guidelines for their use for medical consideration (IIb recommendation), as a novelty, iSGLT2 have been positioned as the standard therapy in heart failure syndrome regardless of the left ventricular ejection fraction.
A comparative study of isolation of microbial flora in ears
Authors: Panduranga Rao Santosh Uttarkar , Parveen Jemima Hilal , Nasser Arfan 
Published: March 2023

Background: Chronic otitis media (COM) is the middle ear's inflammation, characterized by ear discharge due to tympanic membrane perforation for at least over a month. The current study aims to study the microbial flora and its culture and sensitivity from ear discharge in chronic otitis media.
Methods: A comparative study was carried out in Bapuji Hospital and Chigateri district hospital, teaching hospitals attached to J.J.M. Medical College Davanagere over a year from 01 January 2022 to 01 January 2023 in all patients with a history and signs suggestive of chronic otitis media among 100 patients.
Results: In the current study, most patients were females (53%), with pus in the right ear (51%) and pus in the left. The most common microbial growth was of Pseudomonas species, and the difference was statistically significant.
Conclusions: Due to the variations in the collection and culture methods, it is difficult to understand the frequency of a polymicrobial illness thoroughly. Antibiotics have provided medics with a tool employed without a precise causal diagnosis.
Correlation of demirjian dental maturation stages with mandibular growth with help of cervical vertebrae maturation index in north Indian population
Authors: Arora Kanika , Jain Parul , Singla Suchinder Kumar , Choudhary Sanna , Baijal Rheia , Goyal Reena 
Published: March 2023

In the field of orthodontics, loss of precious time during rapid growth of an individual may lead to failure of addressing the laid-back growth issues which may lead to persistent dentofacial deformity in the individual. Hence, accurate and timely diagnosis aids the clinician to treat the individual appropriately for the said deformity.: To investigate the correlation of chronological age, Demirjian Dental Maturation stage with mandibular growth using CVMI method in North Indian population. The study was performed on pre-treatment lateral cephalograms and OPGs of 270 subjects aged between 8-17 years. To establish the relationship, chronological age was established from the date of birth to the date on which radiographs were taken, Dental age was calculated via Demirjian’s method and Cervical Vertebrae maturation was established on the basis of Bacetti’s method. Mean tables and Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient was used to establish the relationship among these variables. : The results showed that the dental age was accelerated as compared to chronological age. Females have a higher grade of cervical vertebrae maturation as compared to males for the same chronological age. The dental calcification of 2 molar showed the greatest correlation with CVMI with R value of 0.734 in females and 0. 768 in males.: The chronological age in females were lesser as compared to males in all the groups except in CVMI V. Central & Lateral incisor showed least, whereas 2 molar was found to correlate the highest with the cervical vertebrae maturation.
Clinical evaluation and assessment of the efficacy of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) on the stability of orthodontic implant
Authors: Kaurani Harsha Jairaj , Daokar Suchita Tarvade , Shehare Namrata , Mantri Amruta Niket 
Published: March 2023

The success of orthodontic treatment depends upon the anchorage. Mini-implants are widely been accepted as anchorage units, due to its size and convenience. However, implant failure is major concern. The placement of implant leads to micro-trauma leading to inflammation, and is found to be major reason of implant failure. Research to improve the stability of mini-implants are on rise. Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is new generation platelet concentrate, which is found to increase the healing of tissues and hence used in trauma and surgeries. This study was undertaken to find whether PRF can enhance the stability of implant. This single blind split mouth study comprised of 16 subjects above 18 years of age. Group A (consisted of 16 implants which were coated before insertion) and group B (16 implants were normally inserted). The stability of the implant was recorded using resonance frequency analysis at insertion (T0), 24 hours (T1), 2 weeks (T2), at 4 weeks (T3), at 6 weeks and 8 weeks after insertion. Statistically significant findings were found when group A was compared to group B using ANOVA test (p&#60;0.05). The stability of implant of group A (experimental group) at each time interval was greater than group B (control group). The stability of implants was found to be increased when they were coated with PRF than the normally inserted implant.
Evaluation of shear peel bond strength and fatigue stress of different orthodontic banding cements – An in vitro study
Authors: Raja A  , Ajith Kumar M  , Raja Subramani , Prabhakar K  , Rehna Parvin N.  , Revathy S 
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study were to (1)compare the shear peel bond strength of four different orthodontic banding cements (2) assess the site of cement failure after debanding (3) compare the survival time of the bands cemented with each cement type after simulating mechanical fatigue stress. Eighty teeth were used to assess retentive strength and another forty teeth were used to assess the fatigue survival time. Shear peel bond strength was determined with a universal testing machine. Fatigue testing was conducted in a ball mill machine. The mean shear peel bond strength and survival time of the bands cemented with GC Fuji Ortho band paste pak was significantly greater among all the groups. Bond failure occurred predominantly at the enamel-cement interface. GC Fuji ortho band paste pak orthodontic banding cement required significantly higher forces to deband in comparison with the other cements. GC Fuji ortho band paste pak orthodontic banding cement can be expected to have lower failure rates for band cementation than the other groups in the light of the results of the ball mill test.
Clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue arising in the supraclavicular region: A cytological diagnosis
Authors: Rathee Pooja , Verma Renuka , Ritu  , Thukral Vibhuti , Gupta Sumiti , Singh Sunita 
Published: March 2023

Clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue is a rare malignant neoplasm which constitutes about 1% of soft tissue tumors. It most commonly arises in the distal extremities of young adults. Peak incidence is in the third decade. More commonly seen in women than men. A 30 year old female presented with swelling in right supraclavicular region associated with pain since 3 months. CT scan findings revealed irregular and non-enhancing, hypodense lesion measuring 2.5x2x1cm in right supraclavicular region. Cytological features revealed abundant cellularity comprising of atypical cells mainly dispersed singly and arranged in loose cohesive groups. The cytoplasm was abundant, vacuolated at places, pleomorphic round to oval nucleus, placed centrally to eccentrically with prominent nucleoli. Diagnosis of malignant mesenchymal neoplasm was made on the basis of the cytomorphological details. Clear cell sarcoma was included in the differential diagnosis. Cytomorphological diagnosis was confirmed by histological and immunohistochemical diagnosis. When cytology of a soft tissue tumor shows high cellularity alongwith dispersion and loosely cohesiveness of cells, nuclear pleomorphism and conspicuous nucleoli, diagnosis of clear cell sarcoma may be considered.
Conglomerados de mídia e fluxos audiovisuais na América Latina
Authors: Lozano José-Carlos 
Published: March 2023

O presente trabalho analisa as estruturas de propriedade dos
meios e os fluxos de comunicação no espaço audiovisual latinoamericano e revisa as evidências a favor e contra com base na economia política da comunicação e no enfoque da proximidade cultural. O trabalho conclui que embora existam conglomerados locais e regionais independentes dos grandes gigantes globais da comunicação, e apesar de existirem fluxos significativos de mensagens audiovisuais entre países da região, há evidências claras de que os padrões de propriedade e circulação de produtos culturais requerem urgentemente políticas de comunicação que velem pela sobrevivência do interesse público no funcionamento
dos meios.
Palavras-chave: Economia política da comunicação; conglomerados midiáticos; propriedade e controle dos meios de comunicação; meios de comunicação latino-americanos.
ABSTRACT
The present work analyzes the structures of property of media and communication flows within the Latin American audio visual space. The work also reviews evidences for and against from the point of view of the political economy of communication and the approach of cultural proximity. The article concludes that although there are regional and local media conglomerates that are independent from the global communications giants, and despite
Palavras proibidas: um estudo da censura no teatro brasileiro
Authors: Gomes Mayra 
Published: March 2023

Este artigo, aplicando recursos da análise de discurso, mostra
a situação de intertextualidade em que se encontram termos
censurados em peças teatrais. Tal iniciativa permite que aflorem tanto as estratégias, com as quais o poder constituído se reafirma, quanto as figurações, em que ele se quer representado.
Palavras-chave: Censura; peças de teatro; relações de poder.
ABSTRACT
This article, applying discursive analysis, shows the inter-textual condition in which censored words in stage plays are immersed. This procedure allows the emerging of strategies with which the power in exercise confirms itself, as well as the figures it claims as its representation.
Keywords: Censorship; stage plays; power relationships.