bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An examination of psychosocial and professional effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on genetic counselors
Authors: Gostic Nicole , Groepper Daniel , Trinkle‐Tucker Megan , Johnson Malynnda , Niendorf Kristin B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor healthcare workers, recognized professional challenges associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic include changes to service delivery models, increased burnout, furlough, and loss of income. The main goal of this study was to more clearly define the impact on mental health and quality of life of genetic counselors during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the contexts of their personal, professional, and social lives. Eligible genetic counselors (GCs) (n = 283) responded to an online survey that incorporated validated instruments: Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Professional Quality of Life, and the In Charge Financial Distress/Financial Well‐Being Scale. Additionally, original questions were developed from previous qualitative research on COVID‐19 challenges for healthcare workers. Results showed 62% of respondents felt their mental health was impacted for the worse, 45% found it more difficult to achieve work/life balance, 16.8% scored within moderate‐to‐severe depression severity, 19.2% scored within moderate‐to‐severe anxiety, 26.3% reported high burnout, and 7% had high financial distress. GCs reported generally lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to healthcare workers and the general population. Thematic analysis identified feelings of isolation and difficulties balancing professional/personal responsibilities with more remote work. However, some participants reported greater flexibility in their schedule and more time with family. Self‐care activities increased, with 93% engaging in more meditation and 54% began exercising. There were similar themes reported in this survey compared to other healthcare workers’ experiences. There is also a dichotomy in positive and negative impacts with some GCs appreciating the flexibility of working from home but others reporting this blurs the line between personal and professional responsibilities. These results suggest consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic will continue to impact the field of genetic counseling and understanding these changes will be instrumental in addressing the needs of GCs to practice effectively.
Meniscal degeneration is prognostic of destabilzing meniscal tear and accelerated knee osteoarthritis: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Ward Robert J. , Driban Jeffrey B. , MacKay James W. , McAlindon Timothy E. , Lu Bing , Eaton Charles B. , Lo Grace H. , Barbe Mary F. , Harkey Matthew S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the prognostic potential of magnetic resonance (MR)‐detected meniscal degeneration in relation to incident destabilizing meniscal tears (radial, complex, root, or macerated) or accelerated knee osteoarthritis (AKOA). We used existing MR data from a case‐control study of three groups from the Osteoarthritis Initiative without radiographic KOA at baseline: AKOA, typical KOA, and no KOA. From these groups, we included people without medial and lateral meniscal tear at baseline (n = 226) and 48‐month meniscal data (n = 221). Intermediate‐weighted fat‐suppressed MR images annually from baseline to the 48‐month visit were graded using a semiquantitative meniscal tear classification criterion. Incident destabilizing meniscal tear was defined as progressing from an intact meniscus to a destabilizing tear by the 48‐month visit. We used two logistic regression models to assess whether: (1) presence of medial meniscal degeneration was associated with an incident medial destabilizing meniscal tear, and (2) presence of meniscal degeneration in either meniscus was associated with incident AKOA over the next 4 years. People with the presence of a medial meniscal degeneration had three times the odds of developing an incident destabilizing medial meniscal tear within 4 years compared with a person without medial meniscus degeneration (odds ratio [OR]: 3.03; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.40–6.59). People with meniscal degeneration had five times the odds of developing incident AKOA within 4 years compared with a person without meniscal degeneration in either meniscus (OR: 5.04; 95% CI: 2.57–9.89). Meniscal degeneration on MR is clinically meaningful as it relates to future poor outcomes.
Minimally invasive management of pathologic fractures of the pelvis and sacrum: Tumor ablation and fracture stabilization
Authors: Lee Linus , Schutz Makena , Myhre Sue Lynn , Tasse Jordan , Blank Alan T. , Brown Anthony , Lerman Daniel M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPathologic fractures of the pelvis/sacrum due to metastatic bone disease (MBD) cause pain and dysfunction due to mechanical instability of the pelvic ring. This study presents our multi‐institutional experience with percutaneous stabilization of pathologic fractures and osteolytic lesions from MBD throughout the pelvic ring.MethodsThe records of patients undergoing this procedure from 2018 to 2022 were reviewed retrospectively from two institutions. Surgical data and functional outcomes were recorded.ResultsFifty‐six patients underwent percutaneous stabilization, with a median operative duration of 119 min (interquartile range [IQR]: 92.8, 167) and median estimated blood loss of 50 mL (IQR: 20, 100). The median length of stay was 3 days (IQR: 1, 6), and 69.6% (n = 39) of patients were discharged home. Early complications included one partial lumbosacral plexus injury, three acute kidney injuries, and one case of intra‐articular cement extravasation. Late complications included two infections and one revision stabilization procedure for hardware failure. Mean Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores improved from 3.02 (SD 0.8) preoperatively to 1.86 (SD 1.1) postoperatively (p < 0.001). Ambulatory status also improved (p < 0.001).ConclusionsPercutaneous stabilization of pathologic fractures and osteolytic defects of the pelvis and sacrum is a procedure that improves patient function, ambulatory status and is associated with a limited complication profile.
Community assembly processes of soil bacteria and fungi along a chronosequence of rice paddies cultivated on saline‐sodic land
Authors: Xu Shangqi , Luo Shasha , Ma Lina , Zhou Jihai , Huang Yongjie , Zhang Jie , Wang Lilong , Guo Lingling , Tian Chunjie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSaline‐alkali soils cover an area of more than 900 million ha and pose an acute threat to global food security. Rice cultivation is an effective method of saline‐sodic soil amelioration in the Songnen Plain in northeastern China. However, the changes in soil microbial communities that follow rice cultivation are largely unknown. In this study, soil bacterial and fungal communities were investigated using high‐throughput sequencing along a chronosequence of rice paddies cultivated in saline‐sodic soils. The results showed that soil fungi and bacteria become more diverse and abundant after rice cultivation compared with uncultivated saline‐sodic soil, in combination with the decreased pH and increased soil organic matter, indicating the amelioration of saline‐sodic soil. The processes of microbial succession following rice cultivation can be divided into two stages: shorter than and longer than 10 years. Moreover, soil fungi and bacteria exhibited distinct variation patterns as they were dominated by different influential factors. The results indicated that bacteria were more strongly dominated by soil properties than fungi, while the latter were more dependent on vegetation. As rice cultivation continued, fungi exhibited better adaptation and faster succession than bacteria in response to environmental shifts after rice cultivation. Therefore, measures that can enhance plant–microbe interactions may be a viable approach for promoting saline‐sodic soil amelioration. This study provided novel insights into the microbial assembly processes following rice cultivation on saline‐sodic lands.
Coordinative enhancement of ecological security and the aesthetic viewing service in the ecological restoration of mining landscapes
Authors: Wang Chenxu , Liu Yanxu , Yu Jiarui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn important issue in the United Nations plan for the Decade on Ecosystem Restoration is how to enhance the overall social–ecological benefits by optimizing the spatial and temporal arrangements of ecological restoration. However, there was a lack of a benefit assessment system combining ecological, social, and economic indicators, and the methodology for identifying directions for ecological restoration remains controversial, especially in mining landscapes. By integrating the aesthetic viewing service into assessments of ecological restoration benefits on mining landscapes, four benefit objectives were evaluated, including habitat conservation, climate regulation, residential viewsheds, and conservation cost, and a multi‐objective optimization for ecological restoration of mining landscapes was performed. The results demonstrated that multiobjective ecological restoration could provide comprehensive ecological–social–economic benefits compared with a single‐objective restoration, since selecting the top 50% of the multiobjective restoration areas would achieve 80% climate regulation, 63% habitat protection, and 54% residential viewshed benefits and would result in 295%, 200%, and 114% higher benefits, respectively, than the minimization cost objective. The restoration priority map showed that only 17% of the landscape needed to be restored to forest among the top 30% of degraded areas that need to be restored. In conclusion, ecological restoration of mining landscapes required attention to win–win situations with multiobjectives. Coordinated arrangement of restoration of different ecosystems in different ages was the key to obtaining maximum socioecological benefits.
Simultaneously Improved Thermal Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of NBR Composites by Constructing 3D Hybrid Filler Networks
Authors: Xie Xing , Yang Dan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work aims to address the heat accumulation issue in electronic components during high‐frequency operation through the preparation of novel thermally conductive composites. First, polydopamine (PDA) and in‐situ growth of silver (Ag) nanoparticles are applied for the surface modification of graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotube (CNT) to prepare pGO@Ag and pCNT@Ag hybrid filler, respectively. Then, nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) is chosen as the polymeric matrix and simultaneously incorporated with both pGO@Ag and pCNT@Ag to prepare polymeric composites with excellent thermal conductivity (TC) and dielectric constant (ɛr). Due to the construction of 3D heat conduction networks by utilizing 2D pGO@Ag and 1D pCNT@Ag, the fabricated NBR composites achieved the maximum TC of 1.0112 W/(mK), which is 636% higher than that of neat NBR (0.1373 W (mK)−1). At the filler loading of 9 vol%, the TC of pGO@Ag/pCNT@Ag/NBR composite is 152% that of GO/CNT/NBR composite (0.6660 W (mK)−1). Moreover, due to electron polarization effect of GO and CNT and micro‐capacitor effect of Ag nanoparticles, a large ɛr of 147.12 is attained at 10 Hz for NBR composites. Overall, the development of dielectric polymer materials with high TC is beneficial for enhancing the service life and safety stability of the electronic components.
Multiphasic Membranes/Scaffolds for Periodontal Guided Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Zhu Yuwei , Zhao Lei , Ngai To 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPeriodontal disease can lead to severe degeneration of periodontium tissue and the global prevalence is continuously increasing with the growth and aging of population. Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) therapy with an occlusive membrane represents a golden standard in the dental clinic. Given the complex anatomy of the natural periodontium comprising alveolar bone, periodontal ligament (PDL) and cementum, GTR membrane/scaffolds with advanced multiphasic design are put forward to potentially repair the entire periodontium and restore its normal function. In principle, the multiphasic GTR membranes/scaffolds aim to coordinate the responses of both hard and soft tissues during the defect‐healing process, augment multi‐tissue regeneration, and optimize the formation of new periodontal attachment. In the past few decades, a diversity of GTR membranes/scaffolds with biphasic, triphasic, or gradient structures have been developed and demonstrated a substantial success in periodontal regeneration. This review covers the recent advancements in design of multiphasic GTR membranes/scaffolds from the aspects of materials, functional agents, and fabrication procedures, as well as their therapeutic efficacy assessed in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the limitations in current GTR therapy are discussed and future directions on the material design are also included accordingly.
Basic functional properties of certain scale of rearrangement‐invariant spaces
Authors: Turčinová Hana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe define a new scale of function spaces governed by a norm‐like functional based on a combination of a rearrangement‐invariant norm, the elementary maximal function, and powers. A particular instance of such spaces surfaced recently in connection with optimality of target function spaces in general Sobolev embeddings involving upper Ahlfors regular measures; however, a thorough analysis of these structures has not been carried out. We present a variety of results on these spaces including their basic functional properties, their relations to customary function spaces and mutual embeddings, and, in a particular situation, a characterization of their associate structures. We discover a new one‐parameter path of function spaces leading from a Lebesgue space to a Zygmund class and we compare it to the classical one.
Monodisperse Hyperbranched Polytriazoles as Unimolecular Nanocontainers for Encapsulation of Functional Payloads
Authors: Ma Kangling , Jin Xiuyu , Gao Haifeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this work, a series of polytriazole‐based unimolecular nanocontainers (UNs) with good water solubility, uniformity, and colloidal stability via a bottom‐up chain‐growth copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (co)polymerization that features tunable size, degree of branching (DB), and functionality of the UNs is developed. A broad selection of hydrophobic payload molecules, including Nile red (NR), camptothecin, pyrene, 1‐pyrenemethanol, and IR676, are successfully encapsulated to demonstrate the high versatility of these polymers as UNs. Using NR as a probe guest, the relationship between the encapsulation performance and the structural properties of UNs, including size and DB, is investigated. Furthermore, the localization and dispersity of encapsulated NR are explored and the dependence of payload's dispersity on the DB of UNs is revealed. The payload encapsulated in UNs exhibits tunable release kinetics, determined by either adjusting release conditions or including pH‐responsive structural units in the UNs. Meanwhile, the dyes encapsulated in UNs exhibit improved photostability and stronger resistance to photobleaching. It is expected that these explorations address the size and stability issues widely encounter in current drug/dye nanocarriers and provide a versatile platform of polytriazole‐based UNs for suitable payloads in various applications, including drug delivery and bio‐imaging.
A 28 GHz fully integrated GaN enhanced single‐sideband time‐modulated MMIC for phased array system
Authors: Cao Hanzhang , Hu Chun , Guo Runnan , Wu Xia , Wang Yi , Ge Fengchun , Jin Saisai , Wang Chong , Shen Hongchang , Tao Hongqi , Huang Tongde , Wu Wen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a 28 GHz GaN enhanced single‐sideband time‐modulated phased array (ESTMPA), based on a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC), including both a time‐modulated circuit and an RF front‐end module (FEM). The time‐modulated circuit mainly consists of a numerically controlled attenuator to balance the amplitude, compact phase shifters to generate balanced signals, a reconfigurable power divider, and a quadrature power divider. The FEM mainly consists of a low noise amplifier and a power amplifier, featuring codesign of input/output networks. Based on the in‐phase/quadrature (I/Q) composite modulation technique, a stepped modulation waveform, realized by the time‐modulated circuit, is used to enable a weighted array of phases. This helps generate a scanned beam at the first positive sideband and eliminate the undesired sidebands. The final MMIC‐based four‐element ESTMPA shows a relative suppression level of −16 dB at the positive fifth sideband and −13 dB at the zeroth sideband, and a much higher level at the other undesired sidebands. As a result, a wider signal bandwidth and a higher harmonic efficiency are achieved. In addition, the ESTMPA shows a beam sweeping angle from −30° to 30° in far‐field measurement.
Incidence and risk factors of intimate partner violence among patients with gynaecological cancer in China
Authors: Meng Yingtao , Shang Meimei , Cai Tingting , Wang Xingli , Wang Qian , Yang Rong , Zhao Di , Qu Yuxin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to examine the incidence and risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV) among patients with gynaecological cancer.DesignA cross‐sectional study design was employed.MethodsPatients with gynaecological cancer were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Shandong, China. Eligible patients completed a survey including questions regarding their demographic and cancer‐related characteristics, IPV experience and dyadic coping.ResultsA total of 429 patients were surveyed, 31% of them reported previous experiences with IPV, and negotiation was the most common type reported. The following variables were associated with IPV: a husband, wife and child/children family structure; a husband, wife, child/children and parent‐in‐law family structure; an annual household income ≥¥50,000 ($7207); and a similar or greater income earned by the patient than by her partner.Patient or Public ContributionIPV in patients with gynaecological cancer is investigated in this study.
Robust weighted fusion Kalman estimators for systems with uncertain noise variances, multiplicative noises, missing measurements, packets dropouts and two‐step random measurement delays
Authors: Yang Chunshan , Zhao Ying , Liu Zheng , Wang Jianqi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor multisensor networked systems with uncertain noise variances, multiplicative noises and multiple networked‐induced uncertainties including missing measurements, packets dropouts and two‐step random measurement delays, the robust weighted fusion estimation problem is addressed in this article. More precisely, the system noise variances are assumed to be uncertain but bounded, the other four uncertainties are compensated into fictitious white noise by the proposed model transformation method, which includes the augmented method and extended fictitious noise technique. Then local multi‐model system is obtained, for which robust local Kalman estimator is obtained based on the minimax robust estimation principle and unified estimation method. Based on this, the six robust weighted fusion time‐varying Kalman estimators are presented in a unified form, which include robust weighted fusers weighted by matrices, diagonal, scalars, and a robust covariance intersection (CI) fuser and two fast CI (FCI) fusers. The robustness proving method, including the extended Lyapunov equation approach with two kinds of generalized Lyapunov equations, non‐negative matrix factorization and elementary transformation of matrix, is presented to prove that the actual estimation error variances are guaranteed to have minimal upper bounds for all admissible uncertainties. The accuracy relations are proved. Further, the robust local and fused steady‐state Kalman estimators are presented. Finally, a simulation example applied to Internet‐based three tank water system is given to demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed results.
Critical disease burdens of Australian adults with cystic fibrosis: Results from an online survey
Authors: Ward Anastasia , Mauleon Ramil , Arellano Jacinta , Ooi Chee Y. , Rosic Nedeljka 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to conduct a web‐based questionnaire to investigate self‐reported phenotypes and disease burdens of individuals living in Australia and diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF) using a case–control study design.MethodsAn online questionnaire was distributed to individuals with CF and healthy control subjects. Overall health rating, medications, family history, education, clinical indicators of disease, and symptoms, including their severity and frequency, were evaluated.ResultsThere was a total of 119 respondents consisting of 59 people living with CF and 60 controls. The CF cohort had significantly lower tertiary educational levels compared to controls. The analysis specific to the CF cohort depicted a significant correlation between the frequency of hospitalizations and the level of education in the CF cohort. Of the 26 self‐reported symptoms of CF that were analyzed, 14 were significantly higher in the people living with CF. The CF cohort reporting symptoms of chronic pain (25%) described an increase in the burden of disease, depicting a 30% longer mean hospitalization, increased consumption of medications and significant relationships with four other symptoms, including muscle aches, digestive issues, pancreatic insufficiency, and abdominal swelling.ConclusionsThe nationwide survey identified a diverse range of clinical manifestations experienced by the Australian CF population. Chronic pain, linked to aging and the changing landscape of disease, was a significant indicator of the burden of disease. A comprehensive understanding of the phenotypic profiles and symptom variability will contribute to future research and provide insights into the impacts of disease and the burden of therapy, particularly in children, at the start of their health journey.
Procedural anxiety among children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis and their parents
Authors: Kimball Hayley , Cobham Vanessa E. , Sanders Matthew , Douglas Tonia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundProcedural anxiety involves acute distress around medical procedures and may lead to avoidance or resistance behaviors that interfere with effective cystic fibrosis (CF) care and health outcomes. While individuals with CF commonly endure uncomfortable and/or distressing medical procedures, procedural anxiety among children and adolescents with CF has received little research attention. This study investigated the prevalence and correlates of procedural anxiety among individuals with CF aged 6–18 and their parents.MethodEighty‐nine parents of children with CF completed surveys examining child procedural anxiety, anxiety, and health behaviors (including treatment adherence); and parent vicarious procedural anxiety.ResultsSeventy‐five percent of participants rated at least one CF‐related procedure as “extremely” anxiety‐inducing for their child. Parental vicarious procedural anxiety was reported in 80.9% of participants. Procedural anxiety significantly correlated with child anxiety, treatment‐resistive behaviors, and parent‐vicarious procedural anxiety. Procedural anxiety was associated with younger age and frequency of distressing procedures, but not with forced expiratory volume in 1 s, body mass index, hospitalizations, or exposure to general anesthesia.ConclusionProcedural anxiety is common among children, adolescents, and caregivers, and is associated with child anxiety and treatment resistance, emphasizing the importance of screening and interventions for procedural anxiety as part of routine CF care from early childhood. Implications for screening and intervention are discussed.