bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deflationary Truth, Ordinary Truth and Relative Truth
Authors: Caso Ramiro 
Published: June 2023

Horwich (Mind 123(491), 2014) has argued that only someone with inflationary tendencies could feel inclined to endorse truth relativism. In doing so, he argues that deflationism about truth entails the denial of relativism. If sound, Horwich’s argument could entail that truth relativism is incompatible with any conception of our ordinary truth predicate according to which there is some sort of equivalence between a ground-language claim that p and the corresponding claim that p is true. Arguably, any story the relativist might give about our ordinary truth predicate, it should entail some such equivalence. Hence, there is a problem for truth relativism that needs to be addressed.
Horwich (Mind 123(491), 2014) has argued that only someone with inflationary tendencies could feel inclined to endorse truth relativism. In doing so, he argues that deflationism about truth entails the denial of relativism. If sound, Horwich’s argument could entail that truth relativism is incompatible with any conception of our ordinary truth predicate according to which there is some sort of equivalence between a ground-language claim that p and the corresponding claim that p is true. Arguably, any story the relativist might give about our ordinary truth predicate, it should entail some such equivalence. Hence, there is a problem for truth relativism that needs to be addressed.
Klædt på til at tale om livet og døden – en spørgeskemaundersøgelse blandt sundhedsprofessionelle i ældreplejen i Danmark
Authors: Prinds Christina , Steenfeldt Vibeke Østergaard , Larsen Christina , Rosenbæk Frederik , Hvidt Niels Christian 
Published: June 2023

Baggrund
For mange ældre er en plejebolig deres sidste hjem, hvor de bor frem til livets afslutning. Mange ældre på plejecentre sidder alene med de eksistentielle tanker og bekymringer, der trænger sig på. Nogle kan tale om disse forhold med familie eller venner, men andre har brug for, at de sundhedsprofessionelle kan træde ind i det eksistentielle rum, hvor familien ikke selv magter at være. Studier inden for eksistentiel og åndelig omsorg viser, at en del sundhedsprofessionelle inden for ældreplejen ikke føler sig godt nok rustet til at tale om eksistentielle emner og efterlyser mere uddannelse på området. Med det formål at øge indsatsen inden for den eksistentielle og åndelige omsorg i ældreplejen undersøger vi, hvilke tanker om egen tiltro til egne evner, sundhedsprofessionelle i ældreplejen i Danmark har for at integrere denne omsorg i deres praksis.
Metode
Gennem et kontekstuelt tilrettet og pilottestet spørgeskema inspirereret af Albert Banduras begreb self-efficacy målte vi tiltro til egne evner til at kunne yde eksistentiel omsorg i ældreplejen hos 30 sundhedsprofessionelle. Studiets fund fungerer samtidig som en baseline måling før deltagelse i et efteruddannelseskursus om eksistentiel kommunikation, der er udviklet til netop sundhedsprofesssionelle i ældreplejen. Data blev analyseret i Stata.
Konklusion
Undersøgelsen viser overordnet en positiv sammenhæng mellem uddannelsesniveau, uddannelsesanciennitet og arbejdsstedsanciennitet og tiltro til egne evner til at yde eksistentiel omsorg i ældreplejen. Ligeledes synes arbejdsstedsanciennitet betydningsfuldt i forhold til både graden af deltagernes bevidsthed om den i eksistentiel omsorg indlejrede sårbarhed, og hvorvidt deltagerne anser det som deres arbejdsområde.
Resonans i dødens nærvær
Authors: Graven Vibeke 
Published: June 2023

Den tyske sociolog Hartmut Rosa påpeger, at vi, i hvad han omtaler som accelerationssamfundet, har en tendens til at overse det ukontrollerbare – vi har glemt, hvad det vil sige at være i et modtagende resonansforhold med verden. Denne tendens har også betydning for vores forståelse af og forbindelse med det spirituelle i dødens nærvær. Livstruende sygdom forandrer livet og den planlagte livsbane. Man kan opleve sig afkoblet fra sig selv og verden i konfrontationen med en forandring af kroppen og hverdagslivet, der er uden for ens egen kontrol. Artiklen undersøger en mulig forståelse af ”det spirituelle” som resonansrum, der kan forbinde det døende menneske og dets pårørende med verden trods sygdom og forestående død. Artiklen tager afsæt i eksempler fra palliativ praksis reflekteret i lyset af Rosas resonansbegreb og de danske teologer Kierkegaard og Løgstrup. To forskellige dimensioner af betydning for resonans undersøges. En sanselig dimension, hvor æstetiske indtryk og relationer åbner for oplevelsen af forbundethed med livet i dødens nærvær samt ’Timeligheden’ som en refleksiv dimension, hvor der søges mening i livet op mod døden. Begge dimensioner kan potentielt forbinde mennesket med livet i dødens nærvær men gennem forskellige ’åbninger’: sproget og sansningen. Hermed lægges op til en bred forståelse af spiritualitet, der kan være et relevant fokus for mange faggrupper i det palliative felt. Men resonans er en modus og ikke et kvantificerbart mål. Et fokus på resonans fordrer derfor en tilgang, hvor praktikeren har øje for at åbne mulige resonansrum for det døende menneske.
Effect of Vehicular Pollution on Chlorophyll Content of Roadside Plants
Authors: Ahire Madhukar D. 
Published: June 2023

The influence of vehicular pollutants produced by automobiles on the chlorophyll leaves content has been investigated in the current study via comparative research. The leaves sample. Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Cassia tora, Bougainvillea spectrabilis, Lantana camera, Tacoma stans, and Cassia auriculata were gathered from areas with potentially greater vehicular pollution. Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b photosynthetic pigments are estimated. A decrease in the plant leaves’ photosynthetic pigments in areas with greater pollution levels as compared to areas without pollution.
The Principles of Four Basic Steps of Scientific Stage: Problem, Hypothesis, Trial, Report
Authors: Siagian Forman Erwin 
Published: June 2023

Aim: To revisited four basic steps of scientific stage which consist of Problem, Hypothesis, Trial and Report.
Discussion: Scientific stage is a series consists of four consecutive steps which provide scientific explanation or even answer to research question based on observation, experiment, and comparison. These stages objectively establishing facts through testing and experimentation. It can be a positive or negative explanations rely upon a certain approach, called the scientific method, for their justification. This explanation or answer, in the context of the most basic human virtue, is to make the life of its perpetrators and also other people better.
Conclusion: Scientific stage conducted through four consecutive basic and simple steps is at the heart of evidence based activity conducted by scholars and scientist.
Efficacy of Some Bio-pesticides against Mustard Aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt) in Mustard (Brassica juncea)
Authors: Kumar Nikhil , Kumar Ashwani 
Published: June 2023

Management of Mustard aphid Lipaphis erysimi (kaltbach) using Bio-pesticides in field condition was carried out during Rabi 2022-23 at central Research field SHUATS Prayagraj,UP, India. The management of Mustard aphid was done using 8 different treatments and benefit cost ratios were calculated. One spray is applied to protect the crop from mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) using randomized block design with three replications. The observations of mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) 24 hours before (Pre-treatment) and 3rd, 7th and 14th day after spraying (post-treatment) were recorded for computing the per cent of pest reduction. The treatment Spinosad 45%SC (T6) (86.75%) shows highest per cent reduction and the most effective treatment followed by Imidacloprid 17.8%SL (T7) (76.97%), Nisco sixer plus 45 SC (T1) (61.83 %), Verticillium lecanii (2×108 Spore/ml) (T2) (51.04%), Beauveria bassiana (2CFU×108 ml) (T4) (47.60%), Metarhizium anisopliae (2×108 CFU/gm) (T3) (42.01%), Least percentage reduction was obtained with Neem oil 5% EC (T5) (33.42%). While Spinosad 45%SC (T6) shows higher cost benefit ratio with (1:7.96), followed by Imidacloprid 17.8%SL (T7) (1:7.83), Nisco sixer plus (1:6.57), Metarhizium anisopliae (2×108 CFU/gm) (T3) (1:5.79), Beauveria bassiana (2CFU×108 ml) (T4) (1:5.64), Verticillium lecanii (2×108 Spore/ml) (T2) (1:5.63) and Neem oil 5% EC (T5) (1:5.03).
Can We Improve Clinical Outcomes and Patient Engagement after TKA Using a Digital Health Remote Monitoring Platform? Perioperative Results with Recupe
Authors: Hui Timothy , Subramanian Subu , Kamath Atul 
Published: June 2023

Background: In their recovery plan, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients generally receive outpatient physical therapy and a home exercise plan. However, in the past home exercise plan compliance was not able to be tracked. With the advent of digital health, such as Plethy’s Recupe mobile app, home exercise plans can now be measured, providing compliance data along with exercise specific data.
Methods: Out of 245 TKA patients on Recupe, 53 patients were selected who performed exercises both pre-op and post-op, and also stayed on their program for at least 40 days and had a minimum of 50% engagement.
Results: Pain decreased significantly from pre-op (3.6/10) and 1st week (4.28/10) post op to 1 month post-op (2.65/10). Knee Flexion ROM increased significantly from the 1st week post op (44.72) to 1 month Post op (58.13). This was the range of motion performed during home exercises, not the max measurement from a healthcare provider.
Patients engaged the app 5.6 times per week. Previous research showed non-compliance at up to 70%.
Conclusions: This study suggests that digital health can help keep patients engaged in their home exercises. Those who adopt it show excellent engagement. This will likely lead to improved pain and ROM compared to those without digital health, who are not likely to comply with their prescribed home exercise plan.
Aprendendo sobre feminilidades com Arya e Sansa Stark da série Game of Thrones
Authors: Gaudenzi Mariana Vargas , Bicca Angela Dillmann Nunes 
Published: June 2023

Neste artigo objetivamos problematizar a produção de verdades sobre feminilidades em cenas da série televisiva Game Of Thrones em que aparecem as personagens Arya Stark e Sansa Stark. A partir dos Estudos Culturais pós-estruturalista, que nos permitem a compreensão de que vivemos em uma sociedade imersa em uma vontade de pedagogia que extrapola o ambiente escolar, consideramos os artefatos midiáticos como capazes de praticar pedagogias culturais que buscam moldar sujeitos. Nesse artigo, conferimos destaque ao modo como Arya e Sansa constituem suas feminilidades ao longo da série assumindo posições-de-sujeito em um discurso de feminilidade que as posiciona segundo à normas vigentes nas quais elas estão socialmente imersas. Utilizamos estudos de teóricas queer como Butler e Guacira para discutir conceitos de gênero e feminilidades e desenvolvemos uma análise de inspiração foucaultiana. Nosso resultado é uma análise que objetiva refletir sobre o caráter pedagógico de uma série que, ao mostrar para milhões de telespectadores diferentes possibilidades de ser mulher, produz questionamentos, tensionamentos e atualizações dentro de um discurso supostamente natural, mas que pode ser ressignificado justamente por ser discursivo e cultural.
Estudos Coloniais e a História da Sexualidade
Authors: Stoler Ann , Maia Suzana , Viana Irma 
Published: June 2023

Publicado originalmente em 1995, apenas agora podemos ter acesso à tradução em português de um dos capítulos do livro seminal de Ann Laura Stoler aqui apresentado. Este trabalho de Ann Stoler tornou-se uma das mais influentes revisões da História da Sexualidade, de Michel Foucault, infundindo em seus escritos e reflexões, novas perspectivas sobre raça, colonialidade, pertencimento à nação, formação de classe, gênero, moralidade e sexualidade. Ann Laura Stoler foi premiada, em 2005, pela fundação Norueguesa-Alemã Willy Brandt com o título de Willy Brandt Distinguished Professor, e leciona Antropologia e Estudos Históricos na New School for Social Research na cidade de Nova York, onde também é diretora do Institute for Critical Social Inquiry. Ela tem contribuições significativas para os campos de estudos coloniais e pós-coloniais, antropologia histórica, epistemologias raciais e teoria feminista. Além deste livro, a autora possui outras importantes publicações, tais como: Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power (2002), Along the Archival Grain: Epistemic Anxieties and Colonial Common Sense (2008), Duress: Imperial Durabilities in our Times (2016), e Interior Frontiers: essays on the entrails of inequality (2022). Agradecemos a gentil autorização da autora e da Duke University Press para esta publicação.
Automated treatment planning for proton pencil beam scanning using deep learning dose prediction and dose‐mimicking optimization
Authors: Maes Dominic , Holmstrom Mats , Helander Rasmus , Saini Jatinder , Fang Christine , Bowen Stephen R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the use of a deep learning architecture for automated treatment planning for proton pencil beam scanning (PBS).MethodsA 3‐dimensional (3D) U‐Net model has been implemented in a commercial treatment planning system (TPS) that uses contoured regions of interest (ROI) binary masks as model inputs with a predicted dose distribution as the model output. Predicted dose distributions were converted to deliverable PBS treatment plans using a voxel‐wise robust dose mimicking optimization algorithm. This model was leveraged to generate machine learning (ML) optimized plans for patients receiving proton PBS irradiation of the chest wall. Model training was carried out on a retrospective set of 48 previously‐treated chest wall patient treatment plans. Model evaluation was carried out by generating ML‐optimized plans on a hold‐out set of 12 contoured chest wall patient CT datasets from previously treated patients. Clinical goal criteria and gamma analysis were used to compare dose distributions of the ML‐optimized plans against the clinically approved plans across the test patients.ResultsStatistical analysis of mean clinical goal criteria indicates that compared to the clinical plans, the ML optimization workflow generated robust plans with similar dose to the heart, lungs, and esophagus while achieving superior dosimetric coverage to the PTV chest wall (clinical mean V95 = 97.6% vs. ML mean V95 = 99.1%, p < 0.001) across the 12 test patients.ConclusionsML‐based automated treatment plan optimization using the 3D U‐Net model can generate treatment plans of similar clinical quality compared to human‐driven optimization.
Dosimetry impact of distinct gating strategies in cine MR image‐guided breath‐hold pancreatic cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Dong Yuyan , Hu Panpan , Li Xiaoyang , Liu Wei , Yan Bing , Yang Fei , Ford John Chetley , Portelance Lorraine , Yang Yidong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the dosimetry effects of different gating strategies in cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐guided breath‐hold pancreatic cancer radiotherapy.MethodsTwo cine MRI‐based gating strategies were investigated： a tumor contour‐based gating strategy at a gating threshold of 0–5% and a tumor displacement‐based gating strategy at a gating threshold of 3–5 mm. The cine MRI videos were obtained from 17 pancreatic cancer patients who received MRI‐guided radiation therapy. We calculated the tumor displacement in each cine MR frame that satisfied the gating threshold and obtained the proportion of frames with different displacements. We generated IMRT and VMAT plans using a 33 Gy prescription, and motion plans were generated by adding up all isocenter‐shift plans corresponding to different tumor displacements. The dose parameters of GTV, PTV, and organs at risk (OAR) were compared between the original and motion plans.ResultsIn both gating strategies, the difference was significant in PTV coverage but not in GTV coverage between the original and motion plans. OAR dose parameters deteriorate with increasing gating threshold. The beam duty cycle increased from 19.5±14.3% (median 18.0%) to 60.8±15.6% (61.1%) for gating thresholds from 0% to 5% in tumor contour‐based gating and from 51.7±11.5% (49.7%) to 67.3±12.4% (67.1%) for gating thresholds from 3 to 5 mm in tumor displacement‐based gating.ConclusionIn tumor contour‐based gating strategy, the dose delivery accuracy deteriorates while the dose delivery efficiency improves with increasing gating thresholds. To ensure treatment efficiency, the gating threshold might be no less than 3%. A threshold up to 5% may be acceptable in terms of the GTV coverage. The displacement‐based gating strategy may serve as a potential alternative to the tumor contour based gating strategy, in which the gating threshold of approximately 4 mm might be a good choice for reasonably balancing the dose delivery accuracy and efficiency.
Retinal hypoplasia and degeneration result in vision loss in Friedreich ataxia
Authors: Rodden Layne N. , McIntyre Kellie , Keita Medina , Wells Mckenzie , Park Courtney , Profeta Victoria , Waldman Amy , Rummey Christian , Balcer Laura J. , Lynch David R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveFriedreich ataxia (FRDA) is an inherited condition caused by a GAA triplet repeat (GAA‐TR) expansion in the FXN gene. Clinical features of FRDA include ataxia, cardiomyopathy, and in some, vision loss. In this study, we characterize features of vision loss in a large cohort of adults and children with FRDA.MethodsUsing optical coherence tomography (OCT), we measured peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in 198 people with FRDA, and 77 controls. Sloan letter charts were used to determine visual acuity. RNFL thickness and visual acuity were compared to measures of disease severity obtained from the Friedreich Ataxia Clinical Outcomes Measures Study (FACOMS).ResultsThe majority of patients, including children, had pathologically thin RNFLs (mean = 73 ± 13 μm in FRDA; 98 ± 9 μm in controls) and low‐contrast vision deficits early in the disease course. Variability in RNFL thickness in FRDA (range: 36 to 107 μm) was best predicted by disease burden (GAA‐TR length X disease duration). Significant deficits in high‐contrast visual acuity were apparent in patients with an RNFL thickness of ≤68 μm. RNFL thickness decreased at a rate of −1.2 ± 1.4 μm/year and reached 68 μm at a disease burden of approximately 12,000 GAA years, equivalent to disease duration of 17 years for participants with 700 GAAs.InterpretationThese data suggest that both hypoplasia and subsequent degeneration of the RNFL may be responsible for the optic nerve dysfunction in FRDA and support the development of a vision‐directed treatment for selected patients early in the disease to prevent RNFL loss from reaching the critical threshold.
Deep Learning in Mechanical Metamaterials: From Prediction and Generation to Inverse Design
Authors: Zheng Xiaoyang , Zhang Xubo , Chen Ta‐Te , Watanabe Ikumu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMechanical metamaterials are meticulously designed structures with exceptional mechanical properties determined by their microstructures and constituent materials. Tailoring their material and geometric distribution unlocks the potential to achieve unprecedented bulk properties and functions. However, current mechanical metamaterial design considerably relies on experienced designers' inspiration through trial and error, while investigating their mechanical properties and responses entails time‐consuming mechanical testing or computationally expensive simulations. Nevertheless, recent advancements in deep learning have revolutionized the design process of mechanical metamaterials, enabling property prediction and geometry generation without prior knowledge. Furthermore, deep generative models can transform conventional forward design into inverse design. Many recent studies on the implementation of deep learning in mechanical metamaterials are highly specialized, and their pros and cons may not be immediately evident. This critical review provides a comprehensive overview of the capabilities of deep learning in property prediction, geometry generation, and inverse design of mechanical metamaterials. Additionally, this review highlights the potential of leveraging deep learning to create universally applicable datasets, intelligently designed metamaterials, and material intelligence. This article is expected to be valuable not only to researchers working on mechanical metamaterials but also those in the field of materials informatics.
Exotic Electronic Properties of 2D Nanosheets Isolated from Liquid Phase Exfoliated Phyllosilicate Minerals
Authors: Wei Cencen , Roy Abhijit , Tripathi Manoj , Aljarid Adel K.A. , Salvage Jonathan P. , Roe S. Mark , Arenal Raul , Boland Conor S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSpectrally inactive, electrically insulating, and chemically inert are adjectives broadly used to describe phyllosilicate minerals like mica and chlorite. Here, the above is disproved by demonstrating aqueous suspensions of liquid exfoliated nanosheets from five bulk mica types and chlorite schist. Nanosheet quality is confirmed via transmission electron and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as electron diffraction. Through Raman spectroscopy, a previously unreported size‐ and layer‐dependent spectral fingerprint is observed. When analyzing the high‐yield suspensions (≈1 mg mL−1) through UV–vis spectroscopy, all phyllosilicates present bandgap (Eg) narrowing from ≈7 eV in the bulk to ≈4 eV for monolayers. Unusually, the bandgap is inversely proportional to the areal size (A) of the nanosheets, measured via atomic force microscopy. Due to an unrecorded quantum confinement effect, nanosheet electronic properties scale toward semiconducting behavior (bandgap ≈3 eV) as nanosheet area increases. Furthermore, modeling X‐ray diffraction spectra shows that the root cause of the initial bandgap narrowing is lattice relaxation. Finally, with their broad range of isomorphically substituted ions, phyllosilicate nanosheets show remarkable catalytic properties for hydrogen production.
Improving Photovoltaic Performance and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells via Molecular Bridge Strategy
Authors: Yang Yinrun , Wei Tingting , Shai Xuxia , Song Qinghe , Zeng Chunhua , He Dongmei , Zhang Hong , Chen Jiangzhao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are regarded as one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies, the interfacial defects and energy barrier are the main bottlenecks for further improving their photovoltaic performance and stability. Herein, an effective, facile “molecular bridge” strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance and stability of PSCs simultaneously is reported. This strategy is realized by introducing a self‐assembly molecule, namely, 5‐fluoro‐pyridine carboxylic acid (5‐FPA), to modify the SnO2/perovskite buried interface. The functional groups (F and CO) of 5‐FPA form strong chemical interactions with perovskite and SnO2 layers, which improve interfacial carrier extraction and perovskite film quality with better crystallization and less strain. As a result, photovoltaic performance is substantially improved with power conversion efficiencies exceeding 23%, accompanied by enhanced stability under thermal and ambient conditions. This study opens a new avenue to improve the performance and stability of perovskite photovoltaics through the “molecular bridge” strategy.