bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Genetic Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance, which are of Particular Epidemiological Consequences, in the Microbiota of the Oropharyngeal Swabs in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Skachkova T. S. , Kniazeva E. V. , Goloveshkina E. N. , Tronza T. V. , Kondratyeva E. I. , Voronkova A. Y. , Akimkin V. G. 
Published: September 2023

Relevance. Antibiotic resistance of microorganisms can contribute to the chronicity of the inflammatory process, lead to an increase in the cost of treating patients and make it difficult to eradicate the pathogen. Patients with cystic fibrosis constantly require medical supervision, regular visits to medical institutions, and therefore there is a high risk of infection with nosocomial antibiotic- resistant strains. In addition, the necessary intake of antibacterial drugs provides an advantage for the reproduction of resistant microorganisms.Aim. Comparison of the frequency of detection of antibiotic resistance determinants in oropharyngeal swabs in children with cystic fibrosis and conditionally healthy children using molecular biological methods.Materials and methods. A PCR study of oropharyngeal discharge from 100 children with cystic fibrosis and 100 children from the control (healthy comparison subject) group was performed. Genetic antibiotic resistance locus: metallo-b-lactamases of the VIM, IMP and NDM groups; carbapenemase genes of the KPC and OXA-48 groups; extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes of the CTX-M group and the mecA gene were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with hybridization-fluorescence detection.Results and discussion. As a result of the analysis, a statistically significant increase in the frequency of detection of genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance in the microbiota of the oropharyngeal discharge in children with cystic fibrosis was found compared with healthy children (p<0.001). The chances of detecting antibiotic resistance loci in the discharge of the oropharynx among children with cystic fibrosis are 38.5 times higher than among healthy children (95% CI: 5.1-289.5). In 28% of children with cystic fibrosis, DNA of the genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance was detected in the microbiome of the discharge of the oropharynx. A high percentage of the presence of genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance may be the reason for the ineffectiveness of antibiotic therapy.Conclusion. Due to the high occurrence in the microbiome of the oropharyngeal discharge of patients with cystic fibrosis of genetic antibiotic resistance locus that are of particular clinical and/or epidemiological significance, and the high risk of the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains outside medical institutions, it is necessary to include this group of patients in regular epidemiological monitoring.
A Study of Modern Trends in Database and Data Repository Technologies as the Technological and Architectural Basis for the Creation of Software and Intelligent Systems by Means of Modern Programming Languages. Part 1
Authors: YERSHOVA O. , STAVYTSKYI О. 
Published: September 2023

The article contains an analytical review of developments in database technologies, made on the basis of reports prepared by the results of eight meetings of database specialists held throughout 1988–2013. Objects of the analysis are most interesting predictions given in the reports: their realism, accuracy, pragmatism or, vice versa, utopianism or opportunism.
The article consists of two parts.
Part 1 is devoted to analysis and evaluation of predictions made in the reports of the four earlier meetings held in 1988, 1990, 1995, and 1996. These predictions are about creation, development and uses of decision support systems, database appliances, graphic processing units, operating systems, interface for structured query language, database applications, information distribution, universal database management systems, query optimization criteria, intellectual analysis of database within database management systems. A detailed description of research themes in the field of databases, which got the priority status in that time, is given: recording and computation of data, security and confidentiality of data, replication and harmonization of data, structuring of data, intellectual analysis of data, data warehouses.
Part 2 is devoted to an analytical review of the predictions contained in the reports on the meetings held in 1998, 2003, 2008, and 2013. The predictions are about self-adjustment of database systems, rethinking of the traditional database architecture as a result of new hardware capabilities. They make special emphasis on the feasibility of manipulations with structured and unstructured data within DSS architecture, support of Big Data technology, with outlining the themes of research aimed at implementation of its potential.
Peripheral Computations: The Basis for Data Processing in Internet of Things
Authors: YERSHOVA O. L. , TOMASHEVSKA Т. V. 
Published: September 2023

Internet of Things (ІоТ) is a global mainstream trend of today, which determines the importance of studies dealing with problems related with data processing by use of ІоТ.
A definition to the notion “Internet of Things” is given, with stressing that peripheral computing is a new trend for connected devices of IoT. The main applications of IoT are described. Peripheral computing is compared with cloud and fog computing. The need for peripheral computing in the conditions of “smart” life is demonstrated. Various forms of the launched peripheral computing infrastructure are discussed. The need for peripheral computing in the software based on IoT technology is justified. It is shown that IoT pushes up the demand for peripheral computing. Real examples of successful applications of peripheral computing and IoT across industries are shown.
It is stressed that the strongest impediment for the massive dissemination of IoT is that its infrastructure involves infinite numbers of options for connection, which may be quite often fully incompatible with each other. It is argued that peripheral computing is needed to remove drawbacks in software design and services on the basis of cloud technologies with consideration to performance and normative requirements. The forms of peripheral computing infrastructure are shown and described: special local devices, localized or regional data processing centers. The purpose of IoT technology is mentioned, which is the collection of large scopes of data from great many censors and smart devices, to be employed for business performance enhancement. The main reasons for the necessity of peripheral computing in the software based on IoT technology are outlined: the need to increase the throughput, the possibility to minimize the delay in data transmission and processing, and normative requirements. The main advantages of digital technology introduction are highlighted: better comfort of clients, higher exploitation efficiency, creation of new income flows.
Associations Between Amyloid Burden, Hypoxemia, Sleep Architecture, and Cognition in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Cavuoto Marina G. , Robinson Stephen R. , O’Donoghue Fergal J. , Barnes Maree , Howard Mark E. , Tolson Julie , Stevens Bronwyn , Schembri Rachel , Rosenzweig Ivana , Rowe Christopher C. , Jackson Melinda L. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of amyloid-β (Aβ) burden, the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease, and cognitive decline. Objective: To determine the differential impacts of hypoxemia and slow-wave sleep disruption on brain amyloid burden, and to explore the effects of hypoxemia, slow-wave sleep disruption, and amyloid burden on cognition in individuals with and without OSA. Methods: Thirty-four individuals with confirmed OSA (mean±SD age 57.5±4.1 years; 19 males) and 12 healthy controls (58.5±4.2 years; 6 males) underwent a clinical polysomnogram, a NAV4694 positron emission tomography (PET) scan for Aβ burden, assessment of APOE ɛ status and cognitive assessments. Linear hierarchical regressions were conducted to determine the contributions of demographic and sleep variables on amyloid burden and cognition. Results: Aβ burden was associated with nocturnal hypoxemia, and impaired verbal episodic memory, autobiographical memory and set shifting. Hypoxemia was correlated with impaired autobiographical memory, and only set shifting performance remained significantly associated with Aβ burden when controlling for sleep variables. Conclusions: Nocturnal hypoxemia was related to brain Aβ burden in this sample of OSA participants. Aβ burden and hypoxemia had differential impacts on cognition. This study reveals aspects of sleep disturbance in OSA that are most strongly associated with brain Aβ burden and poor cognition, which are markers of early Alzheimer’s disease. These findings add weight to the possibility that hypoxemia may be causally related to the development of dementia; however, whether it may be a therapeutic target for dementia prevention in OSA is yet to be determined.
Increased Heat Pain Tolerance but Hyperalgesia to Tonic Inflammatory Pain in the CRND8 Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Merlo Sara , Costa Lara , Chiechio Santina , Busceti Carla Letizia , Ciranna Lucia , Santangelo Rosa , Sortino Maria Angela , Fornai Francesco , Nicoletti Ferdinando , Copani Agata 
Published: September 2023

Background: The effects of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology on the experience of pain are poorly understood. Objective: To understand the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying pain sensory transmission in the transgenic mouse model of AD, CRND8. Methods: We explored AD-related pathology in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia of 18-week-old female CRND8 mice. We assessed nociceptive responses to both acute heat stimuli and persistent inflammatory pain in CRND8 mice and non-transgenic (non-Tg) littermates. In addition, we searched for differences in biochemical correlates of inflammatory pain between CRND8 and non-Tg mice. Finally, we investigated the excitability of dorsal horn noc iceptive neurons in spinal cord slices from CRND8 and non-Tg mice. Results: We demonstrated the presence of intracellular AD-like pathology in the spinal cord and in the dorsal root ganglia nociceptive sensory neurons of CRND8 mice. We found that CRND8 mice had a reduced susceptibility to acute noxious heat stimuli and an increased sensitivity to tonic inflammatory pain. Tonic inflammatory pain correlated with a lack of induction of pro-opiomelanocortin in the spinal cord of CRND8 mice as compared to non-Tg mice. Electrophysiological recording in acute spinal cord slice preparations indicated an increased probability of glutamate release at the membrane of dorsal horn nociceptive neurons in CRND8 mice. Conclusion: This study suggests that an increased thermal tolerance and a facilitation of nociception by peripheral inflammation can coexist in AD.
Association of Anemia with Cognitive Function and Dementia Among Older Adults: The Role of Inflammation
Authors: Wang Jiao , Wang Chun , Li Xuan , Guo Jie , Dove Abigail , Cui Zhuang , Xu Weili 
Published: September 2023

Background: The association of anemia with cognitive function and dementia remains unclear. Objective: We aimed to investigate the association of anemia with cognitive function and dementia risk and to explore the role of inflammation in these associations. Methods: Within the UK Biobank, 207,203 dementia-free participants aged 60+ were followed for up to 16 years. Hemoglobin (HGB) and C-creative protein (CRP) were measured from blood samples taken at baseline. Anemia was defined as HGB <13 g/dL for males and <12 g/dL for females. Inflammation was categorized as low or high according to the median CRP level (1.50 mg/L). A subset of 18,211 participants underwent cognitive assessments (including global and domain-specific cognitive). Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects model, Cox regression, and Laplace regression. Results: Anemia was associated with faster declines in global cognition (β= –0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.14, –0.01) and processing speed (β= –0.10, 95% CI: –0.19, –0.01). During the follow-up of 9.76 years (interquartile range 7.55 to 11.39), 6,272 developed dementia. The hazard ratio of dementia was 1.57 (95% CI: 1.38, 1.78) for people with anemia, and anemia accelerated dementia onset by 1.53 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.97) years. The risk of dementia tended to be higher in people with both anemia and high CRP (1.89, 95% CI: 1.60, 2.22). There was a statistically significant interaction between anemia and CRP on dementia risk (p-interaction = 0.032). Conclusions: Anemia is associated with cognitive decline (specifically for processing speed) and increased risk of dementia, especially in people with high inflammation.
Criterion Validation of Tau PET Staging Schemes in Relation to Cognitive Outcomes
Authors: Hammers Dustin B. , Lin Joshua H. , Polsinelli Angelina J. , Logan Paige E. , Risacher Shannon L. , Schwarz Adam J. , Apostolova Liana G. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2023

Background: Utilization of NIA-AA Research Framework requires dichotomization of tau pathology. However, due to the novelty of tau-PET imaging, there is no consensus on methods to categorize scans into “positive” or “negative” (T+ or T–). In response, some tau topographical pathologic staging schemes have been developed. Objective: The aim of the current study is to establish criterion validity to support these recently-developed staging schemes. Methods: Tau-PET data from 465 participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (aged 55 to 90) were classified as T+ or T– using decision rules for the Temporal-Occipital Classification (TOC), Simplified TOC (STOC), and Lobar Classification (LC) tau pathologic schemes of Schwarz, and Chen staging scheme. Subsequent dichotomization was analyzed in comparison to memory and learning slope performances, and diagnostic accuracy using actuarial diagnostic methods. Results: Tau positivity was associated with worse cognitive performance across all staging schemes. Cognitive measures were nearly all categorized as having “fair” sensitivity at classifying tau status using TOC, STOC, and LC schemes. Results were comparable between Schwarz schemes, though ease of use and better data fit preferred the STOC and LC schemes. While some evidence was supportive for Chen’s scheme, validity lagged behind others—likely due to elevated false positive rates. Conclusions: Tau-PET staging schemes appear to be valuable for Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis, tracking, and screening for clinical trials. Their validation provides support as options for tau pathologic dichotomization, as necessary for use of NIA-AA Research Framework. Future research should consider other staging schemes and validation with other outcome benchmarks.
Reconceptualization of the Erlangen Score for the Assessment of Dementia Risk: The ERlangen Score
Authors: Utz Janine , Olm Pauline , Jablonowski Johannes , Siegmann Eva-Maria , Spitzer Philipp , Lewczuk Piotr , Kornhuber Johannes , Maler Juan Manuel , Oberstein Timo Jan 
Published: September 2023

Background: The established Erlangen Score (ES) for the interpretation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in the diagnostics of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) uses markers of amyloidopathy and tauopathy, equally weighted to form an easy-interpretable ordinal scale. However, these biomarkers are not equally predictive for AD. Objective: The higher weighting of the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, as a reconceptualized ERlangen Score (ERS), was tested for advantages in diagnostic performance. Methods: Non-demented subjects ( N = 154) with a mean follow up of 5 years were assigned to a group ranging from 0 to 4 in ES or ERS. Psychometric trajectories and dementia risk were assessed. Results: The distribution of subjects between ES and ERS among the groups differed considerably, as grouping allocated 32 subjects to ES group 2, but only 2 to ERS group 2. The discriminative accuracy between the ES (AUC 73.2%, 95% CI [64.2, 82.2]) and ERS (AUC 72.0%, 95% CI [63.1, 81.0]) for dementia risk showed no significant difference. Without consideration of the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio in ES grouping, the optimal cut-off of the ES shifted to ≥2. Conclusions: The ERS showed advantages over the ES in test interpretation with comparable overall test performance, as fewer cases were allocated to the intermediate risk group. The established cut-off of ≥2 can be maintained for the ERS, whereas it must be adjusted for the ES when determining the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio.
Exploring the Causality Between Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Neurological Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Chen Shihao , Huang Wenting , He Tao , Zhang Mulan , Jin Xing , Jiang Lelin , Xu Huiqin , Chen Keyang 
Published: September 2023

Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein synthesized in the brain and widely expressed in the nervous system. Previous studies have demonstrated a controversial role of BDNF in neurological diseases. Objective: In this study, we aimed to assess the association between BDNF levels and the risk of neurological diseases by Mendelian randomization analysis. Methods: From a genome-wide association analysis of plasma proteins comprising 3,301 European participants, we isolated 25 genetic variations as instrumental variables for BDNF levels. Summary statistics data on six common neurological diseases as outcome variables. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to assess whether plasma BDNF is causally related to neurological diseases. We also performed sensitivity analysis to ensure the robustness of the results and reverse MR to exclude potential reverse causality. Results: We confirmed the significant causal relationship between BDNF levels and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85, 0.98; p = 0.013). Other methods have also shown similar results. We infer that BDNF also reduces the risk of epilepsy (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90, 0.98; p = 0.004). In reverse MR analysis, we also found that AD can affect the level of BDNF. Conclusions: Our study suggests higher plasma BDNF was associated with the reduced risk of AD. Moreover, higher plasma BDNF is a protective factor on AD and focal epilepsy. The results provide credence to the idea that BDNF may play a significant role in the development of focal epilepsy and AD.
Serviceability analysis of the grain storage facilities foundations
Authors: Vynnykov Yuriy , Kharchenko Maksym , Marchenko Valentyn , Kichasov Oleksii 
Published: September 2023

The change in the stress-strain state is analyzed on the example of a complex underground part of silo "loess soil base – foundation strip – undersilo tunnel gallery – compacted soil base – bottom silo slab" system as an indicator for assessing the serviceability of this type of industrial structure.
Based on the analysis of existing design documentation and field surveys, the main stages of the structure's operation during its construction and subsequent operation have been identified. Finite element analysis was performed to evaluate the current technical condition of the system of bases and foundations. At the same time, the results of geodetic measurements over time were additionally used to obtain the actual stress-strain mode of the system according to the deformed scheme.
The paper focuses on the nature of the mutual influence of individual elements of the complex foundation system. The study highlights the characteristic changes in the structural scheme and the peculiarities of stress redistribution within the system at different stages of operation. Has been taken into account local soaking of the loess soil with a thickness of up to 7.2 m that was typical for the full-scale experimental object.
Particularly, the forces in the reinforced concrete members of the underground tunnel gallery of the silo have been determined. The influence of changes in the stress-strain mode of the foundation system on their operation under variable loads and impacts has been taken into account.
It has been established that the design of such complex systems still requires further research on the design schemes and situations. When designing complex foundation systems of silo, a common mistake is to incorrectly take into account the stiffness of the underground tunnel gallery, backfill under the bottom slab, and locally locked loess soils under the foundation strip. These factors have a significant impact on the overall level of reliability and faultless operation of the industrial structure as a whole.
It is also shown that it is necessary to take into account the influence of adjacent silos and the factor of asymmetry of the foundation along and across the underground gallery.
Study of the influence of the rigidity of the above-ground structures of the panel house on the stress-deformed state of the pile foundation
Authors: Nosenko Viktor , Piatkov Oleksandr , Kashoida Ostap 
Published: September 2023

A study of the influence of the rigidity of the above-ground structures of a nine-story panel building on the stress-deformed state of its pile foundation was carried out.
For the study, several models of the house with the same above-ground parts were created, which differed from each other in terms of the construction scheme of the basement floor: monolithic reinforced concrete or prefabricated reinforced concrete, the load-bearing walls also change: along the letter or numerical coordination axes.
The main advantage of panel houses is that their construction (arrangement) takes significantly less time than the construction of a similar house with the same area and building volume, but with a different structural scheme (wall or with the use of a monolithic reinforced concrete frame).
Numerical modeling of panel buildings, namely the joints in the places where prefabricated reinforced concrete elements are joined, is difficult for engineers, because numerical modeling can be performed in several ways, which were given and described in the work [1].
The stress-deformation state of the pile foundation (longitudinal forces in the piles, bending moments in the raft) and normal stresses in the vertical load-bearing elements of the basement with different structural schemes of the basement floor and different load-bearing walls were analyzed. Quantitative and qualitative changes in the bending moments in the rat were revealed, the same differences were found in the stresses of the vertical bearing elements of the basement.
The analysis of the bending moments in the raft made it possible to identify and investigate the influence of the stiffness of the basement floor structures on the stressed-deformed state of the pile foundation (rafts). The effect of vertical seams between wall panels on bending moments in the grid was revealed. The effect of the vertical seam between the wall panels is manifested in the fact that the values of the bending moments change both quantitatively (increased by several times) and qualitatively. The use of monolithic structures as basement walls leads to a more smooth curve of bending moments in the raft.
Persistence as an Historically Specific Possibility: The case of tobacco production in Aegean Turkey
Authors: Koc Mustafa 
Published: September 2023

<p>Despite the pessimistic predictions of the classical theories of capitalist development, simple commodity production (SCP) has continued to persist under capitalism. While it has not been unique to any single branch of the economy, persistence of SCP has been more widespread within agriculture than in industry. In many parts of the world SCP has not only persisted but continued to be the predominant form of production in the agricultural sector. </p>