bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular calcification: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions
Authors: Pan Wei , Jie Wei , Huang Hui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVascular calcification (VC) is recognized as a pathological vascular disorder associated with various diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, aortic valve stenosis, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, as well as chronic kidney disease. Therefore, it is a life‐threatening state for human health. There were several studies targeting mechanisms of VC that revealed the importance of vascular smooth muscle cells transdifferentiating, phosphorous and calcium milieu, as well as matrix vesicles on the progress of VC. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of VC need to be elucidated. Though there is no acknowledged effective therapeutic strategy to reverse or cure VC clinically, recent evidence has proved that VC is not a passive irreversible comorbidity but an active process regulated by many factors. Some available approaches targeting the underlying molecular mechanism provide promising prospects for the therapy of VC. This review aims to summarize the novel findings on molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions of VC, including the role of inflammatory responses, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, iron homeostasis, metabolic imbalance, and some related signaling pathways on VC progression. We also conclude some recent studies on controversial interventions in the clinical practice of VC, such as calcium channel blockers, renin–angiotensin system inhibitions, statins, bisphosphonates, denosumab, vitamins, and ion conditioning agents.
Inverted Sierpinski Carpet fractal‐inspired dielectric resonator antenna for wideband applications
Authors: Huda Shabana , Saha Anuradha , Karmakar Anirban 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis communication explains a novel approach for attaining wideband inverted Sierpinski Carpet fractal geometry with a rectangular shape dielectric resonator antenna (DRA). Dielectric Resonators (DRs) have advantages, like, high gain, efficiency, wide bandwidth, low conduction loss, and minimum surface waves. Rectangular shape DR (εrdr = 9.8, 14 × 12 × 8 mm3) made from alumina (Al2O3) is mounted on top of a primary square patch. Inverted Sierpinski fractal geometry provides the benefit to decrease the volume to the surface area without removing elements from the patch. The proposed fractal DRA is printed on an FR4 substrate (εr = 4.4), fed with a 50‐Ω microstrip feed line, and has a compact size of 38 × 38 × 9 mm3. At the backside of the antenna, an extended stub from the partial ground plane enhances impedance matching from 4 to 5 GHz. The prototype of the proposed DRA is fabricated and measured. The antenna functions with an impedance bandwidth of 98.84% for S11 < − 10 dB, covering 3.5–10.34 GHz of the ultrawideband range. The proposed DRA offers a stable omnidirectional radiation pattern, maximum measured gain of 7.01 dBi, and has an average efficiency above 97% over the region of operation. These features make the proposed DRA applicable for cellular communication repeaters, local area networks, and vehicular communication applications.
HaN‐Seg: The head and neck organ‐at‐risk CT and MR segmentation dataset
Authors: Podobnik Gašper , Strojan Primož , Peterlin Primož , Ibragimov Bulat , Vrtovec Tomaž 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeFor the cancer in the head and neck (HaN), radiotherapy (RT) represents an important treatment modality. Segmentation of organs‐at‐risk (OARs) is the starting point of RT planning, however, existing approaches are focused on either computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) images, while multimodal segmentation has not been thoroughly explored yet. We present a dataset of CT and MR images of the same patients with curated reference HaN OAR segmentations for an objective evaluation of segmentation methods.Acquisition and validation methodsThe cohort consists of HaN images of 56 patients that underwent both CT and T1‐weighted MR imaging for image‐guided RT. For each patient, reference segmentations of up to 30 OARs were obtained by experts performing manual pixel‐wise image annotation. By maintaining the distribution of patient age and gender, and annotation type, the patients were randomly split into training Set 1 (42 cases or 75%) and test Set 2 (14 cases or 25%). Baseline auto‐segmentation results are also provided by training the publicly available deep nnU‐Net architecture on Set 1, and evaluating its performance on Set 2.Data format and usage notesThe data are publicly available through an open‐access repository under the name HaN‐Seg: The Head and Neck Organ‐at‐Risk CT & MR Segmentation Dataset. Images and reference segmentations are stored in the NRRD file format, where the OAR filenames correspond to the nomenclature recommended by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine, and OAR and demographics information is stored in separate comma‐separated value files.Potential applicationsThe HaN‐Seg: The Head and Neck Organ‐at‐Risk CT & MR Segmentation Challenge is launched in parallel with the dataset release to promote the development of automated techniques for OAR segmentation in the HaN. Other potential applications include out‐of‐challenge algorithm development and benchmarking, as well as external validation of the developed algorithms.
On minimizing flow monitoring costs in large‐scale software‐defined network networks
Authors: Yahyaoui Haythem , Zhani Mohamed Faten , Bouachir Ouns , Aloqaily Moayad 
Published: January 2023

SummaryRecent years have witnessed the rise of novel network applications such as telesurgery, telepresence, and holoportation. As such applications have stringent performance requirements, timely and accurate traffic monitoring becomes of paramount importance to be able to react in a timely and efficient manner, and swiftly adjust the network configuration to achieve the sought‐after requirements. However, existing monitoring schemes are either incurring high cost (e.g., high bandwidth consumption) due to the large number of monitoring messages or inefficient when they incur high reporting delay (i.e., the time needed for a monitoring message to reach the controller) making the collected statistics obsolete. In this paper, we address this problem and propose monitoring mechanisms for software defined networks that minimize the monitoring cost while satisfying an upper bound on the reporting delay of the statistics. Our solutions allow to carefully select the switch that should report the statistics about each flow crossing the network taking into consideration the available bandwidth and the capacity of the switch (i.e., the maximum number of flows that it can monitor). In particular, we formulate the switch‐to‐flow selection problem as an integer linear program and propose two heuristic algorithms to cope with large‐scale instances of the problem. We consider the scenario where a single controller is collecting statistics and another where statistics are collected by multiple controllers. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms provide near‐optimal solutions with minimal computation time and outperform existing monitoring strategies in terms of monitoring cost and reporting delay.
Stakeholders' perceptions of continuing professional development among Nepalese nurses: A focus group study
Authors: Simkhada Bibha , van Teijlingen Edwin , Pandey Apsara , Sharma Chandra Kala , Simkhada Padam , Singh Devendra Raj 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThis study explores perceptions of Continuing Professional Development (CPD) opportunities among stakeholders in the profession of nursing in Nepal.DesignQualitative study using focus group discussions (FGDs).MethodsEight FGDs were conducted in three major cities of Nepal with nursing stakeholders including nurse managers, matrons and directors/managers of private and public nursing colleges, representatives of nursing organizations, government officials, nursing academics and practitioners from the government and private sectors. The data were analysed thematically using Creswell's six steps of analysis and the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) guideline was followed.ResultsThe study generated three major themes: (a) policy level including the national situation of CPD, political influence and training guided by the policy; (b) organizational level incorporating perceptions towards forms of CPD, staff shortage, poor staff retention, seniority for training, financial constraints and lack of continuity of training; and (c) individual level including motivation for training and lack of relevant training.
Improving the Community College Transfer Pathway to the Baccalaureate: The Effect of California's Associate Degree for Transfer
Authors: Baker Rachel , Friedmann Elizabeth , Kurlaender Michal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe transfer between two‐year and four‐year colleges is a critical path to baccalaureate attainment. Yet students face a number of barriers in transfer pathways, including a lack of coherent coordination and articulation between their community colleges and four‐year institutions, resulting in excess units and increased time to degree. In this paper we evaluate the impact of California's Student Transfer Achievement Reform Act, which aimed to create a more seamless pathway between the California Community Colleges and the California State University. We investigate whether the reform effort met its intended goal of improving baccalaureate receipt, and greater efficiency in earning these degrees, among community college transfer students. We tease out plausibly causal effects of the policy by leveraging the exogenous variation in the timing of the implementation of the reform in different campuses and fields of study. We find an overall positive effect on bachelor's degree attainment. This increase is driven entirely by increased transfer rather than an increased probability of earning a BA/BS conditional on transfer. We find only suggestive evidence that the policy led to greater efficiency (i.e., fewer units at graduation) in BA/BS receipt for transfer students. These findings are broadly consistent across student subgroups.
Waterborne polyurethane acrylate emulsion with dangling chain structure: Simultaneously showing wide damping temperature range and excellent hydrophobic performance
Authors: Wu Jingtao , Wang Xiaojuan , Deng Yunjiao , Li Songsong , Liang Xiaobo , Wang Shuangquan , Zhou Chao , Zhang Huixuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWaterborne polyurethane (WPU) damping material has been drawing much attention in academic field because of its low toxicity compared with polyurethane (PU) damping material. In order to expand the application range of WPU damping materials, it is necessary to further improve the hydrophobicity and damping properties of WPU. A novel dangling chain polyol‐n (DCP‐n, n expressed as average molecular weight of MPEG) was synthesized from methoxypolyethylene glycol (MPEG), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and 1,1,1‐tris (hydroxymethyl) propane (TMP). Subsequently, a series of dangling chain‐n‐waterborne polyurethane acrylate (DC‐n‐WPUA, n expressed as average molecular weight of MPEG) emulsions were synthesized using DCP‐n as the chain extender. The increase of DCP‐n length will fill in free volume, hinder the entry of water molecules. Therefore, improve the hydrophobic performance. In addition, the increase of DCP‐n length will lead to more intermolecular friction, which can increase the dissipation of energy, and improves the damping performance of DC‐n‐WPUA. The test results show that the hydrophobicity of DC‐n‐WPUA film is improved, and the maximum static water contact angle can reach 110.6°. Dynamic mechanical analysis testing data showed that DC‐500‐WPUA has the best damping performance, and its effective damping temperature range was 77.9°C (−32.0 ~ 45.9°C). The carbamate group on DCP‐n will produce hydrogen bonds to restrict the movement of the chain segments, and the hydrogen bond breakage requires more energy. This ameliorates the thermal stability and mechanical properties of DC‐n‐WPUA. Thus, the initial modulus of DC‐n‐WPUA larger than the initial modulus of WPUA. Therefore, the DC‐n‐WPUA have the potential to be applied to hydrophobic damping coatings in the future.
6‐Gingerol contents of several ginger varieties of Northeast India and correlation of their antioxidant activity in respect to phenolics and flavonoids contents
Authors: Ghosh Suparna , Das Bhaskar , Haldar Pallab Kanti , Kar Amit , Chaudhary Sushil K. , Singh Keithellakpam Ojit , Bhardwaj Pardeep K. , Sharma Nanaocha , Mukherjee Pulok K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionGinger constitutes the rhizome part of the plant Zingiber officinale from the Zingiberaceae family. A large number of ginger varieties with high sensorial and functional quality are found in Northeast India. Hence, phytopharmacological screening of different ginger varieties is essential that will serve as a guideline in applied research to develop high‐end products and improve economical margins.ObjectiveTo determine the variation in total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), and antioxidant activities and correlate that with 6‐gingerol contents of different ginger varieties collected from Northeast India using Pearson's correlation analysis.Materials and MethodsThe TPC and TFC values were determined using standard methods. Antioxidant activities were measured using the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, while reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) analysis was utilised for quantitative determination of 6‐gingerol content.ResultsThe result revealed that ginger variety 6 (GV6) contains the highest 6‐gingerol content and TPC value showing maximum antioxidant activity, followed by GV5, GV4, GV9, GV3, GV2, GV8, GV1, and GV7. The findings also suggested that the antioxidant activity has much better correlations with TPC as compared with TFC values. Pearson's correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between 6‐gingerol contents and TPC values.ConclusionThis work underlines the importance of ginger varieties from Northeast India as a source of natural antioxidants with health benefits.
X‐ray emissions during laser machining of cylindrical micro‐components
Authors: Giedl‐Wagner Roswitha , Lang Thomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUltrashort pulse lasers are the perfect tool for the micromachining of components for a wide range of applications. Even hard and brittle materials can be processed with high precision in state‐of‐the‐art machines like the GL.smart from GFH. With pulse lengths in the pico and femtosecond range, an irradiation >1012 W/cm2 is incident on the workpiece with the potential to generate ionizing radiation. This article deals with the x‐ray emissions recorded during laser turning operations and the corresponding safety measures.
A high‐throughput KASP assay provides insights into the evolution of multiple resistant mutations in populations of the two‐spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae across China
Authors: Shen Xiu‐Jing , Zhang Yu‐Jie , Wang Shuai‐Yu , Chen Jin‐Cui , Cao Li‐Jun , Gong Ya‐Jun , Pang Bin‐Shuang , Hoffmann Ary Anthony , Wei Shu‐Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe two‐spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), is a cosmopolitan phytophagous pest in agriculture and horticulture. It has developed resistance to many acaricides by target‐site mutations. Understanding the status and evolution of resistant mutations in the field is essential for resistance management. Here, we applied a high‐throughput Kompetitive allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction (KASP) method for detecting six mutations conferring resistance to four acaricides of the TSSM. We genotyped 3274 female adults of TSSM from 43 populations collected across China in 2017, 2020, and 2021.ResultsThe KASP genotyping of 24 testing individuals showed 99% agreement with Sanger sequencing results. KASP assays showed that most populations had a high frequency of mutations conferring avermectin (G314D and G326E) and pyridaben (H92R) resistance. The frequency of mutation conferring bifenazate (A269V and G126S) and etoxazole (I1017F) resistance was relatively low. Multiple mutations were common in the TSSM, with 70.2% and 24.6% of individuals having 2–6 and 7–10 of 10 possible resistant alleles, respectively. No loci were linked in most populations among the six mutations, indicating the development of multiple resistance is mainly by independent selection. However, G314D and I1017F on the nuclear genome deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in most populations, indicating significant selective pressure on TSSM populations by acaricides or fitness cost of the mutations in the absence of acaricide selection.ConclusionOur study revealed that the high frequency of TSSMs evolved multiple resistant mutations in population and individual levels by independent selection across China, alarming for managing multiple‐acaricides resistance. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Monitoring simple linear profiles in the presence of within‐ and between‐profile autocorrelation
Authors: Nadi Adel Ahmadi , Yeganeh Ali , Shadman Alireza 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe current study investigates the effect of within‐profile and between‐profile autocorrelations on the performance of four monitoring methods of simple linear profiles in Phase II. To this end, a general correlation model between error terms is considered such that the correlation structure of within‐profiles errors and the error terms between consecutive profiles follow an autoregressive (AR) times series model of order one. Extensive simulations have been done to assess the effect of both autocorrelation types and the profile size on the estimations of the model parameters as well as the performance of control charts. The performance of the monitoring schemes is investigated and compared with respect to the average run length (ARL) metric. The simulation study results show that the autocorrelation within and between profiles has a negative impact on the monitoring technique's performance. It reduces the control chart's ability to detect process shifts compared to no or weak autocorrelation cases. Moreover, the performance of all the methods is improved by increasing the profile size. An illustrative example is also provided to demonstrate the use of the proposed methods for monitoring the stability of profiles in the chemical industry.
Obstructive shock due to a spontaneous haemothorax caused by primary lung cancer
Authors: Aramaki Hiroe , Fukaguchi Kiyomitsu , Yamagami Hiroshi , Maeda Yuki , Tsunoda Shun , Akazawa Kenichiro , Koyama Hiroshi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe describe the case of a 67‐year‐old man with shock and hypoxemia. Chest X‐ray showed bilateral lung mass shadows and left pleural effusion with a mediastinal shift, suggesting malignancy. Physical examination and point‐of‐care ultrasound findings did not suggest obstructive or cardiac shock, but the patient had prolonged shock refractory to fluid and blood transfusion therapy. We inserted a drain into the left thoracic cavity, which enabled the patient to recover from shock. We diagnosed the patient with obstructive and hypovolemic shock due to spontaneous haemothorax caused by primary lung cancer. Tension haemothorax due to malignancy is rare, and when obstructive shock is combined with haemorrhagic shock, it can be very difficult to determine the cause of shock.
Software design pattern selection approaches: A systematic literature review
Authors: Naghdipour Ameneh , Hasheminejad Seyed Mohammad Hossein , Barmaki Roghayeh Leila 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSoftware design patterns have a considerable impact on the software development life cycle. Design pattern (DP) is a reliable and reusable solution provided by software experts to obtain quality software design. However, due to the large number of design patterns, selecting the appropriate one is quite difficult. To overcome this difficulty, several approaches with different methods have been presented to suggest the appropriate DP. Despite conducting a number of studies that have explored some aspects of this field, such as design pattern selection tools and techniques, there is a need for a deeper understanding, analysis, classification, and thorough review of the design pattern selection process. So far, no systematic review of design pattern selection approaches is available. This paper aims to classify existing approaches, provide several criteria for comparing approaches, analyze each one, and identify and analyze the most important elements in this field, including open issues, data sets, and so on. The present investigation paper will help future research to employ the existing approaches taking into account the specification of each one and it also raises awareness about the approaches used in previous research and their potential limitations.
Discrimination of genuine and non‐genuine Magnolia officinalis leaves based on multi‐technique data fusion of ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry, gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, and chemometrics
Authors: Huang Guoying , Lin Lujie , Zhang Mingxiao , He Yuxin , Yang Lixin , Li Ling , Li Hua , Yang Bin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMagnolia officinalis has tremendous value in healthcare systems and has been widely used in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean for over a thousand years. M. officinalis is a kind of deciduous tree with large leaves, and the leaves give a high yield every year. Moreover, M. officinalis leaves have various pharmacological activities, such as anti‐inflammatory, anti‐bacterial, and anti‐oxidant. This research aimed to establish an accurate and efficient method to comprehensively analyze their chemical constituents and to compare the differences between genuine and non‐genuine M. officinalis leaves. Ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry were employed to identify the basic chemical compounds. An integration of chemometrics was initially developed to discriminate genuine and non‐genuine M. officinalis leaves. Thirty‐six non‐volatile components and thirty‐eight volatile oils were identified. Genuine samples exhibited higher quantities of six non‐volatile compounds and eight volatile oils of twenty‐two different components. Partial least squares discriminant analysis plots and heat map analysis highlighted the significant difference between genuine and non‐genuine samples. These comprehensive phytochemical investigations provide a theoretical reference for further research into or applications of genuine and non‐genuine M. officinalis leaves.