bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anticoagulation against portal vein thrombosis reduces mortality and liver cirrhosis‐related complications: A propensity score‐matched study
Authors: Sato Ayako , Watanabe Sho , Iseki Mari , Yamada Yurina , Kobayashi Ryohei , Furuya Makoto , Arai Katsuhiro , Ohshina Eri , Tashiro Yoshihiro , Nozaka Takahito , Matsuoka Mana , Yauchi Masato , Kobayashi Katsumasa , Matsumoto Taichi , Furumoto Yohei , Asano Toru , Azuma Seishin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimPortal vein thrombosis (PVT) is one of the common complications of liver cirrhosis. Although anticoagulation contributes to thrombus resolution and is considered the first‐choice treatment, its impact on patients' prognosis is still controversial. This study aimed to clarify the benefit of anticoagulation on mortality, liver function, and the incidence of liver cirrhosis‐related complications in cirrhotic PVT patients.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter retrospective review in which we included 78 eligible patients with PVT out of 439. After propensity score matching, 21 cirrhotic PVT patients were included in each one of the untreated control and anticoagulation groups.ResultsOverall survival was significantly improved in the anticoagulation group compared with the control group (p = 0.041), along with PVT size reduction (53.3% vs. 108.2%, p = 0.009). At the time of CT follow‐up, the anticoagulation group showed a lower ALBI score (p = 0.037) and its prevalence of massive ascites was significantly lower (p = 0.043) compared with the control group. The incidence of overt encephalopathy was also lower in the anticoagulation group (p = 0.041). The cumulative incidence of bleeding events did not differ significantly between the two groups.ConclusionsAnticoagulation improves the survival of patients with cirrhotic PVT. Preserved liver function and reduced risks of cirrhosis‐related complications under the treatment may have contributed to a better prognosis. Given its efficacy and safety, anticoagulation is worth initiating in patients with PVT.
Conscientious objection to caring for transgender people: An ethical right or a discriminatory attitude?
Authors: Milionis Charalampos , Toska Aikaterini 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn modern society, health professionals are often asked to use their technical skills to serve purposes other than treating illnesses. In such cases, some clinicians may express ethical reluctance to fulfill their patients' preferences. Conscientious objection in health care is the refusal by providers to perform a legally valid and scientifically approved clinical intervention because of moral concerns. Although health services and staff are obliged to respect gender identity and prohibit discrimination, some clinicians may exempt themselves from caring for transgender people, citing ethical reasons. The decision of health professionals to object to medical activities related to transgender care may collide with the interests of trans people and further marginalizes the already underprivileged gender‐diverse population.AimThis discussion paper analyses the concept of ‘conscientious objection’ and its application in health care settings in relation to transgender‐related care.Findings and ConclusionIn general, the right of health professionals to abstain from contested duties on moral grounds must be protected. However, claims to conscience cannot be accepted within centers specialized in gender transitioning and for services unrelated to gender affirmation such as routine and urgent care. Personal responsibility and discretion on the part of clinicians is the most appropriate way to compromise between protecting the moral integrity of health professionals and shielding trans persons‘ access to care. Guidance is proffered on how to resolve the apparent impasse emerging from the denial of various types of health services to transgender people.
The association of cognitive frailty and the risk of falls among older adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Wang Mian , Leung Isaac Sze Him , Ge Song , Xu Xinyi , Chen Shucheng , Yin Yueheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundFalls lead to numerous negative health outcomes and jeopardize the physical function and quality of life in older adults. Cognitive impairment and physical frailty were found to be associated with the risk of falls, but there was no systematic review that estimated the association between cognitive frailty and the risk of falls.MethodsA systematic literature search of the cross‐sectional, cohort, and case–control studies in Cochrane library, Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE and PsycINFO was conducted on 3 September 2021. Study quality was assessed by using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. A random effects meta‐analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratio of the incidence of falls in older adults with cognitive frailty.ResultsSeven studies were included. The overall quality of the included studies was acceptable. The meta‐analysis of cohort studies showed older adults aged 60 and above with cognitive frailty had a pooled odds ratio of 1.45 (95% confidence interval 1.30, 1.61) for at least one fall compared with those without cognitive frailty. The meta‐analysis of cross‐sectional studies showed that the odds of older adults with cognitive frailty experiencing at least one fall was 1.64 times (95% confidence interval 1.51, 1.79) higher than those without cognitive frailty.ConclusionThe association between cognitive frailty and the risk of falls is statistically significant. Timely detection of cognitive frailty is essential especially in the community nursing level for preventing falls.
Rheumatic complications of checkpoint inhibitors: Lessons from autoimmunity
Authors: Reynolds Gary 
Published: July 2023

SummaryImmune checkpoint inhibitors are now an established treatment in the management of a range of cancers. Their success means that their use is likely to increase in future in terms of the numbers of patients treated, the indications and the range of immune checkpoints targeted. They function by counteracting immune evasion by the tumor but, as a consequence, can breach self‐tolerance at other sites leading to a range of immune‐related adverse events. Included among these complications are a range of rheumatologic complications, including inflammatory arthritis and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. These superficially resemble immune‐mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRDs) such as rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren's disease but preliminary studies suggest they are clinically and immunologically distinct entities. However, there appear to be common processes that predispose to the development of both that may inform preventative interventions and predictive tools. Both groups of conditions highlight the centrality of immune checkpoints in controlling tolerance and how it can be restored. Here we will discuss some of these commonalities and differences between rheumatic irAEs and IMRDs.
PSMC4 promotes prostate carcinoma progression by regulating the CBX3–EGFR‐PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR pathway
Authors: Liu Kaifeng , Zhang Shengmin , Gong Yongzhan , Zhu Panyan , Shen Weigan , Zhang Qi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProteasome 26S subunit ATPase 4 (PSMC4) could regulate cancer progression. However, the function of PSMC4 in prostate carcinoma (PCa) progression requires further clarification. In the study, PSMC4 and chromobox 3 (CBX3) levels were verified by TCGA data and tissue microarrays. Cell counting kit‐8, cell apoptosis, cell cycle, wound healing, transwell and xenograft tumour model assays were performed to verify biological functions of PSMC4 in PCa. RNA‐seq, PCR, western blotting and co‐IP assays were performed to verify the mechanism of PSMC4. Results showed that PSMC4 level was significantly increased in PCa tissues, and patients with PCa with a high PSMC4 level exhibited shorter overall survival. PSMC4 knockdown markedly inhibited cell proliferation, cell cycle and migration in vitro and in vivo, and significantly promoted cell apoptosis. Then further study revealed that CBX3 was a downstream target of PSMC4. PSMC4 knockdown markedly reduced CBX3 level, and inhibited PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signalling. CBX3 overexpression markedly promoted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) level. Finally, PSMC4 overexpression showed reverse effect in DU145 cells, and the effects of PSMC4 overexpression on cell proliferation, migration and clonal formation were rescued by the CBX3 knockdown, and regulated EGFR‐PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signalling. In conclusion, PSMC4 could regulate the PCa progression by mediating the CBX3‐EGFR‐PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR pathway. These findings provided a new target for PCa treatment.
Economic and environmental assessment of automotive plastic waste end‐of‐life options: Energy recovery versus chemical recycling
Authors: Stallkamp Christoph , Hennig Malte , Volk Rebekka , Richter Frank , Bergfeldt Britta , Tavakkol Salar , Schultmann Frank , Stapf Dieter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMost automotive plastic waste (APW) is landfilled or used in energy recovery as it is unsuitable for high‐quality product mechanical recycling. Chemical recycling via pyrolysis offers a pathway toward closing the material loop by handling this heterogeneous waste and providing feedstock for producing virgin plastics. This study compares chemical recycling and energy recovery scenarios for APW regarding climate change impact and cumulative energy demand (CED), assessing potential environmental advantages. In addition, an economic assessment is conducted. In contrast to other studies, the assessments are based on pyrolysis experiments conducted with an actual waste fraction. Mass balances and product composition are reported. The experimental data is combined with literature data for up‐ and downstream processes for the assessment. Chemical recycling shows a lower net climate change impact (0.57 to 0.64 kg CO2e/kg waste input) and CED (3.38 to 4.41 MJ/kg waste input) than energy recovery (climate change impact: 1.17 to 1.25 kg CO2e/kg waste input; CED: 6.94 to 7.97 MJ/kg waste input), while energy recovery performs better economically (net processing cost of −0.05 to −0.02€/kg waste input) compared to chemical recycling (0.05 to 0.08€/kg waste input). However, chemical recycling keeps carbon in the material cycle contributing to a circular economy and reducing the dependence on fossil feedstocks. Therefore, an increasing circularity of APW through chemical recycling shows a conflict between economic and environmental objectives.
Dehydration as alternative sample preparation for soft X‐ray tomography
Authors: Chatzimpinou Anthoula , Funaya Charlotta , Rogers David , O'Connor Stephen , Kapishnikov Sergey , Sheridan Paul , Fahy Kenneth , Weinhardt Venera 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSoft X‐ray tomography (SXT) is an imaging technique to visualise whole cells without fixation, staining, and sectioning. For SXT imaging, cells are cryopreserved and imaged at cryogenic conditions. Such ‘near‐to‐native’ state imaging is in high demand and initiated the development of the laboratory table‐top SXT microscope. As many laboratories do not have access to cryogenic equipment, we asked ourselves whether SXT imaging is feasible on dry specimens. This paper shows how the dehydration of cells can be used as an alternative sample preparation to obtain ultrastructure information. We compare different dehydration processes on mouse embryonic fibroblasts in terms of ultrastructural preservation and shrinkage. Based on this analysis, we chose critical point (CPD) dried cells for SXT imaging. In comparison to cryopreserved and air‐dried cells, CPD dehydrated cells show high structural integrity although with about 3–7 times higher X‐ray absorption for cellular organelles. As the difference in X‐ray absorption values between organelles is preserved, 3D anatomy of CPD‐dried cells can be segmented and analysed, demonstrating the applicability of CPD‐dried sample preparation for SXT imaging.LAY DESCRIPTION: Soft X‐ray tomography (SXT) is an imaging technique that allows to see the internal structures of cells without the need for special treatments like fixation or staining. Typically, SXT imaging involves freezing and imaging cells at very low temperatures. However, since many labs lack the necessary equipment, we explored whether SXT imaging could be done on dry samples instead. We compared different dehydration methods and found that critical point drying (CPD) was the most promising for SXT imaging. CPD‐dried cells showed high structural integrity, although they absorbed more X‐rays than hydrated cells, demonstrating that CPD‐dried sample preparation is a viable alternative for SXT imaging.
IL‐1β/IL‐1R1 signaling is involved in the propagation of α‐synuclein pathology of the gastrointestinal tract to the brain
Authors: Muhammad Bilal , Li Haiying , Gu Yunlu , Xue Senlin , Gao Yao , Xu Zhou , Fang Xiaoli , Ding Haohan , Wu Fang , Geng Deqin , Niu Haichen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the intraneuronal accumulation of misfolded alpha‐synuclein (termed Lewy bodies) in dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra par compacta (SNc). It is assumed that the α‐syn pathology is induced by gastrointestinal inflammation and then transfers to the brain by the gut‐brain axis. Therefore, the relationship between gastrointestinal inflammation and α‐syn pathology leading to PD remains to be investigated. In our study, rotenone (ROT) oral administration induces gastrointestinal tract (GIT) inflammation in mice. In addition, we used pseudorabies virus (PRV) for tracing studies and performed behavioral testing. We observed that ROT treatments enhance macrophage activation, inflammatory mediator expression, and α‐syn pathology in the GIT 6‐week post‐treatment (P6). Moreover, pathological α‐syn was localized with IL‐1R1 positive neural cells in GIT. In line with these findings, we also find pS129‐α‐syn signals in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) and tyrosine hydroxylase in the nigral‐striatum dynamically change from 3‐week post‐treatment (P3) to P6. Following that, pS129‐α‐syn was dominant in the enteric neural cell, DMV, and SNc, accompanied by microglial activation, and these phenotypes were absent in IL‐1R1r/r mice. These data suggest that IL‐1β/IL‐1R1‐dependent inflammation of GIT can induce α‐syn pathology, which then propagates to the DMV and SNc, resulting in PD.image
Cranial morphology of Balkan and West Asian livestock guardian dogs
Authors: Gündemir Ozan , Koungoulos Loukas , Szara Tomasz , Duro Sokol , Spataru Mihaela‐Claudia , Michaud Margot , Onar Vedat 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSeveral large “shepherd” or livestock guardian dog (LGD) breeds were historically selectively bred to protect sheep and goat flocks in the Balkans, Anatolia, and the Caucasus regions. Although these breeds exhibit similar behavior, their morphology is different. Yet, the fine characterization of the phenotypic differences remains to be analyzed. The aim of this study is to characterize cranial morphology in the specific Balkan and West Asian LGD breeds. We use a 3D geometric morphometric in order to assess morphological differences regarding both shape and size between LGD breeds and compare this phenotypic diversity to close relative wild canids. Our results indicate that Balkan and Anatolian LGDs form a distinct cluster within a relatively large dog cranial size and shape diversity. Most LGDs display a cranial morphology that could be described as intermediate to the mastiff breeds and large herding dogs, except for the Romanian Mioritic shepherd which has a more brachycephalic cranium strongly resembling the bully‐type dog cranial morphotype. Although often considered to represent an ancient type of dog, the Balkan–West Asian LGDs are clearly distinguishable from wolves, dingoes, and most other primitive and spitz‐type dogs and this group displays a surprising cranial diversity.
Seawater pearl hydrolysate inhibits photoaging via decreasing oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis of Ultraviolet B‐induced human skin keratinocytes
Authors: Han Siyin , Liu Peng , Yan Qiangqiang , Cen Yanhui , Wu Guanyi , Chen Zhenxing , Li Mingxing , Deng Yasheng , Luo Fei , Lin Jiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundUltraviolet (UV) is the main reason to cause photoaging skin which not only hinders beauty, brings the patients with psychological burden, but also pathologically leads to the occurrence of tumors in skin.ObjectiveThis study goes into the inhibitory effect and mechanism of seawater pearl hydrolysate (SPH) to address human skin keratinocytes photoaging induced by UVB.MethodsThe photoaging model of Hacat cell was constructed by UVB irradiation, the levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis, aging, autophagy and autophagy‐related protein and signal pathway expression were assessed to characterize the inhibitory effect and mechanism of SPH on photoaging Hacat cell.ResultsSeawater pearl hydrolysate significantly accelerated (p < 0.05) the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, and markedly reduced (p < 0.05) the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl compound and nitrosylated tyrosine protein, aging level, apoptosis rate in Hacat cell induced by 200 mJ cm−2 UVB after 24 and 48 h of culture; high dose SPH significantly raised (p < 0.05) relative expression level of p‐Akt, p‐mTOR proteins, and markedly decreased (p < 0.05) relative expression level of LC3II protein, p‐AMPK, and autophagy level in Hacat cell induced by 200 mJ cm−2 UVB, or in combination with the intervention of PI3K inhibitor or AMPK overexpression after 48 h of culture.ConclusionSeawater pearl hydrolysate can effectively inhibit 200 mJ cm−2 UVB‐induced photoaging of Hacat cells. The mechanism indicates removing the excessive ROS through increasing the antioxidation of photoaging Hacat cells. Once redundant ROS is eliminated, SPH works to reduce AMPK, increase PI3K‐Akt pathway expression, activate mTOR pathway to lowdown autophagy level, and as a result, inhibit apoptosis and aging in photoaging Hacat cells.
Development and internal validation of a multivariable prediction model for the quality of life of cervical cancer survivors
Authors: García Jorge Cea , Ríos‐Pena Laura , Rodríguez M. Carmen Rubio , Maraver Francisco Márquez , Jiménez Inmaculada Rodríguez 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo elaborate a prediction model for quality of life of cervical cancer survivors.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study on 229 cervical cancer survivors. The quality of life measures included the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy‐Cervix version 4.0 and the World Health Organization Quality of Life‐brief version self‐administered questionnaires. We imported the data into the statistical software program R and developed a gamma generalized linear model.ResultsOur internally validated predictive model for the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy‐Cervix total score was composed of the following predictors: pain, appetite, vaginal bleeding/discharge/odor, and WHOQOL‐BREF social relationships domain. The Harrell's concordance index was 0.75.ConclusionsWe developed a solid and internally validated predictive model in cervical cancer survivors based on predictors, such as pain, appetite, vaginal bleeding/odor/discharge, and WHOQOL‐BREF social relationships subscale score that contribute significantly to quality of life as targets for potential intervention.
Risk factors contributing to early implant failure following sinus augmentation: A study of a challenging cohort
Authors: Masri Daya , Jonas Ehud , Avishai Gal , Rosenfeld Eli , Chaushu Liat , Chaushu Gabriel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSinus augmentation has become a more predictable and successful procedure as the knowledge of its indications and complications increased. However, knowledge of risk factors leading to early implant failure (EIF) among challenging systemic and local conditions is insufficient.ObjectivesThe present study aims to assess risk factors for EIF following sinus augmentation in a challenging cohort.MethodsA retrospective cohort study conducted during a period of 8 years in a tertiary referral centre providing surgical and dental health care. Implant and patient variables including age, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiology) physical status classification, smoking, residual alveolar bone, type of anaesthesia and EIF were collected.ResultsCohort was comprised of 751 implants placed in 271 individuals. EIF rates at the implant and patient level were 6.3% and 12.5%, respectively. EIF was found to be higher among smokers (patient level: χ2 (1) = 8.74, p = .003), ASA 2 physical classification patients (patient level: χ2 (2) = 6.75, p = .03), sinuses augmented under general anaesthesia (patient level: χ2 (1)=8.97, p = .003), higher bone gain (implant level: W = 12 350, p = .004), lower residual alveolar bone height (implant level: W = 13 837, p = .001) and multiple implantations (patient level: W = 3016.5, p = 0.01). However, other variables such as age, gender, collagen membrane and implant's dimensions did not reach significance.ConclusionsWithin the limits of the study, we can conclude that smoking, ASA 2 physical status classification, general anaesthesia, low residual alveolar bone height and numerous implants are risk factors for EIF following sinus augmentation in challenging cohorts.
The Moderating Role of Inhibition on Irrelevant Emotional Information in the Relation of Cognitive Reappraisal and Affect Balance: Evidence from a Negative Affective Priming Task
Authors: Prasetio Clement Eko , Putri Vanessa Maudy , Sianipar Agnes 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study tested the role of inhibitory control as a moderator in the relationship between cognitive reappraisal and affect balance. We employed moderation analyses with data collected from 201 participants (mean age = 22.07 years, 76.1% female). We measured their affect balance in the last 4 weeks (with the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience [SPANE]), their habitual use of cognitive reappraisal (ERQ Scale), and their performance in inhibiting irrelevant positive and negative information by means of an online negative affective priming task. Results indicated that cognitive reappraisal was a significant and positive predictor for affect balance. As predicted, inhibition of irrelevant positive and negative stimuli significantly moderated the relationship between cognitive reappraisal and affect balance. Specifically, moderate to weak inhibition of irrelevant positive stimuli and moderate to strong inhibition of irrelevant negative stimuli were found to strengthen this relationship. Thus, our findings suggest that individuals can strengthen the positive impact of cognitive reappraisal on affect balance by strongly inhibiting irrelevant negative stimuli while allowing irrelevant positive stimuli to be processed in the working memory.