bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Untargeted metabolomics analysis of differences in metabolite levels in congenital heart disease of varying severity
Authors: Li Yahong , Sun Yun , Yang Peiying , Wang Xin , Zhang Xiaojuan , Hu Ping , Jiang Tao , Xu Zhengfeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is characterized by various phenotypes, however, differences in metabolic profiles associated with CHD of various severity have not been elucidated. In this study, differences in metabolite concentrations among mild, moderate, and severe forms of CHD were explored, providing novel clues for our understanding of the mechanism of CHD.
Methods
Maternal amniotic fluid samples from fetuses with mild (n = 15), moderate (n = 7), and severe (n = 29) CHD lesions were analyzed by GC-TOF/MS. PCA, PLS-DA, and differential metabolite analysis among these three groups were conducted.
Results
PCA and PLS-DA models showed that metabolic profiles were comparable among CHD of different severity. Significant differences between mild and moderate CHD lesions were observed in the levels of gluconolactone, ornithine, threonine, sorbose, pentadecanoic acid, and the uric acid/xanthine ratio. Of these six differential metabolites, gluconolactone (r = 0.469, P = 0.028), sorbose (r = 0.577, P = 0.005) and the uric acid/xanthine ratio (r = 0.438, P = 0.041) were positively correlated with moderate CHD lesions, while ornithine (r=-0.531, P = 0.011), threonine (r=-0.546, P = 0.009), and pentadecanoic acid (r=-0.454, P = 0.034) were negatively associated. We found 9 differential metabolites between mild and severe CHD lesions, among which the alpha-ketoisovaleric acid/valine ratio (r=-0.383, P = 0.010), gluconolactone (r = 0.391, P = 0.009), and 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (r = 0.342, P = 0.023) were correlated with severe CHD lesions. Only sorbose showed significant differences between moderate and severe CHD lesions, and was negatively associated with severe CHD lesions (r=-0.341, P = 0.042).
Conclusions
Compared with mild CHD, specific differences were observed in metabolites or metabolite ratios in moderate and severe CHD lesions of CHD, several of which were significantly correlated with CHD severity. These results can help to understand the metabolic status of the affected fetus and provide new possibilities for exploring the pathological mechanism of CHD.
Factors Impacting On The Decision Of Graduate Entry Medical School Students To Pursue A Career In Obstetrics And Gynecology in Ireland
Authors: Spain Eimear , Tumelty Mary , Hannigan Ailish , Cinnamond Kaitlyn , Cheema Ayesha , Cotter Amanda 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Challenges in recruiting appropriately trained obstetricians and gynaecologists have been identified across the world. Given well documented staff shortages within obstetrics and gynaecology in Ireland, it is increasingly important to understand the factors which influence medical students to choose or reject a career in the speciality. The aim of this study was to ascertain the perceptions of final year graduate entry medical students of obstetrics and gynaecology, including the factors which may influence a student’s decision to pursue in a career in the speciality.
Methods: Paper-based surveys of graduate entry medical students (n = 146) were conducted at the beginning and end of a six week rotation in obstetrics and gynaecology in Ireland. Responses to the surveys pre- and post-rotation were matched and changes in career choices, merits and demerits over time were analysed. All analysis was conducted using SPSS for Windows version 25.
Results: The responses of 72 students to both questionnaires could be matched (response rate of 49.3%). No male students expressed an interest in obstetrics, gynaecology or both as a first choice of career in the pre rotation survey. Obstetrics as a first choice of career increased from 6.9% pre rotation to 19.4% post rotation (p=0.04) and this increase was seen in male and female students. Gynaecology as a first choice increased slightly from 1.4% to 4.2% (p=0.50) and the dual speciality increased from 6.9% to 13.9% (p=0.23).
Students identified many merits of obstetrics pre-rotation with more than 60% identifying it as exciting, interesting fulfilling and challenging. However, incompatibility with family life was cited as a demerit by 72% of respondents and 68.1% identified fear of litigation as a demerit. Participants were less positive overall about the merits of a career in gynaecology with less than 40% viewing it as exciting, fulfilling, and varied.
Conclusions:While respondents were positive about the merits of a career in obstetrics and gynecology, concerns remain about work-life balance, career opportunities, and the high-risk nature of the specialty. These concerns should be addressed by the profession and policy makers if they wish to attract sufficient numbers to address anticipated need in the coming years. Gender differences in speciality choice were also evident. If males are to be recruited into obstetrics and gynaecology, consideration should be given to the positive impact of internship.
Existence of Solutions for Two-point Integral Boundary Value Problems with Impulses
Authors: Georgiev Svetlin G. , Tikare Sanket 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the existence of at least one solution and at least two nonnegative
solutions of impulsive di↵erential equations with the two-point integral boundary
conditions. We employ the recent fixed point theorems for the sum of two operators on
Banach spaces. The applicability of the results is illustrated through an example.
Both humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 are essential to prevent infection: a prospective study in a working vaccinated population from southern France
Authors: Graça Daisy , BRGLEZ Vesna , ALLOUCHE Jonathan , Ruetsch-Chelli Caroline , ZORZI Kévin , FERNANDEZ Céline , Teisseyre Maxime , CREMONI Marion , Pradier Christian , BENZAKEN Sylvia , Seitz-Polski Barbara 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines have significantly decreased the number severe cases of the disease but the virus circulation remains important and questions about the need of new vaccination campaigns remain unanswered. The individual’s protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection is most commonly measured by the level and the neutralizing capacity of antibodies produced against SARS-CoV-2. T cell response is a major contributor in viral infection and several studies have shown that cellular T cell response is crucial in fighting off SARS-CoV-2 infection. Actually, no threshold of protective immune response against SARS-CoV2 infection has been identified. To better understand SARS-CoV-2-mediated immunity we assessed both B cell (measuring anti-Spike IgG titer and neutralization capacity) and T cell (measuring IFNγ release assay after specific SARS-CoV2 stimulation) responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with or without virus encounter in a cohort of 367 working volunteers. Vaccinated individuals who had previously been infected had a stronger and more lasting immunity in comparison to vaccinated individuals naïve to infection whose immunity started to decline three months after vaccination. IFNγ release ≥ 0.285 IU/mL and anti-Spike IgG antibodies ≥ 244 BAU/mL were associated with a sufficient immune response following vaccination preventing future infections. Individuals with comorbidities had a lower chance of reaching the protective thresholds of T cell and B cell responses as identified in multivariate analysis. A combine B cell and T cell analysis of immune responses to determine protective thresholds after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination will allow us to identify individuals in need of a booster vaccine dose, particularly in comorbid subjects.
Case Report:Spontaneous breathing and anesthetic management of patients with tracheomediastinal fistula during carotid stent removal
Authors: Li Jiahui , Wang Zhenyu , Liu Xiaolei , Liu Xiaoyan , Tang Jing , Li Zhiyi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To report the anesthetic management in a patient with a tracheomediastinal fistula who underwent a successful internal carotid stent removal and cervical esophageal fistula debridement.
Clinical Features: A 58-yr-old man with a tracheomediastinal fistula was subjected to carotid stent removal and cervical esophageal debridement under general anesthesia. Blood tests showed mild anemia and hypoproteinemia, four coagulation items and normal electrocardiogram. Tracheoscopy revealed a tracheomediastinal fistula. The patient had a history of cerebral infarction after left middle cerebral artery stenting. To meet surgical requirements and allow the effective management of his airway, we used propofol and sufentanil for intravenous anesthesia, cervical plexus block and spontaneous breathing under intubation.
Conclusions: For this particular case, propofol and sufentanil intravenous anesthesia, coupled. With cervical plexus block and spontaneous breathing, met the surgical requirements and allowed the effective management of patient airway.
The impact of foreign direct investment on China's industrial carbon emissions based on the Threshold Model
Authors: Wang Chenggang , Liu Tiansen , Zhu Yue , Wang He , Zhao Shunyao , Liu Nan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In recent years, countries around the world are significantly increasing their awareness of environmental protection. With a continuous expansion of economic scale, many emerging markets are also sustainably enhancing their standards for industrial carbon emissions in foreign direct investment (FDI). Therefore, the impact of FDI on the host country's industrial carbon emissions has always been a hot topic of researches by scholars. This paper selects panel data of 30 medium and large cities in China from 2006 to 2019, combined with dynamic panel GMM estimation and panel threshold model, and empirically analyzes the impact factors of FDI on the host country’s industrial carbon emissions from the perspective of dual environmental management systems. This paper draws the following conclusions: When taking the formal and informal environmental management system factors as threshold variables into the empirical research process, only the FDI in Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai shows a certain inhibitory effect on Chinese industrial carbon emissions. The FDI in other cities increases the scale of industrial carbon emissions. At the same time, in the formal environmental management system, FDI has no significant impact on Chinese industrial carbon emissions. It indicates that the formal environmental management system of each city is not effective in policy formulation or implementation, and it is not able to play the role of innovative compensation and forced emission reduction of the environmental management system. With the exception of Beijing and Shanghai, informal environmental management systems in other cities help curb the scale of industrial carbon emissions brought about by FDI.
Blood Biomarkers as Potential Malnutrition Screening Alternatives Among Adult Cancer Patients on Treatment in Oncology Unit of Jimma Tertiary Hospital: A Cross- Sectional Analysis
Authors: Enkobahry Aklesya , Sime Taiku , Dilnesa Sefie , Kene Kumsa , Matheos Tigist , Zawdie Belay 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Cancer is becoming the most common global public health concern. Early malnutrition detection and treatment in patients with cancer is an important aspect of cancer management. Although Subjective global assessment (SGA) is a gold standard nutritional assessment tool, it is not routinely utilized due to it is tedious and needs patient literacy. Thus, early detection of malnutrition necessitates alternative parameters comparable with SGA. Therefore this study aims to evaluate serum albumin, Total Protein (TP), and Hemoglobin (Hgb) and their correlation with malnutrition in patients with cancer at Jimma Medical Center (JMC).
Methods: Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 15 to December 15, 2021 G.C at JMC among a total of 176 adult patients with cancer selected via a systematic sampling technique. Nutritional status and behavioural data were collected using the SGA tool and a structured questionnaire. Five ml of venous blood was collected and the level of serum albumin, TP and Hgb were measured using Cobas®6000 chemistry analyzer and hematology analyzer UniCel DxH 800. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r), and logistic regression analysis were implemented for analysis.
Result: From the total of 176 study participants, 69.3% were females and the mean age was 50.1±13.7 years. Based on SGA, 61.4% of the patients were malnourished. There was a significant decrease in the mean level of serum albumin, TP and Hgb in malnourished as compared to well-nourished patients. Serum albumin(r=-0.491), TP(r=-0.270), and Hgb (r=-0.451) had a significant correlation with SGA tool. Stage IV cancer AOR=4.98 (1.23-20.07), Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer AOR=3.39(1.29-8.88) and malnutrition AOR=3.9(1.81-8.4) were significantly associated with hypoalbuminemia. Similarly, age of >64 years AOR = 6.44(1.55-26.67), GI cancer AOR= 2.92(1.01-6.29) and malnutrition AOR= 3.14(1.43-6.94) were significantly associated with hypoproteinemia; and stage-IV cancer AOR=3.94(1.11-13.35) and malnutrition AOR=3.8(1.82 -8.2) were significantly associated with low Hgb level.
Conclusion and recommendation: Altered level of serum albumin, TP and Hgb was correlated with the SGA tool of malnutrition. Therefore, it is suggested to be used as an alternative or additional screening tool for prompt detection of malnutrition in adult patients with cancer
Impact of short and long amosite fibers on human macrophages, fibrosis and autoimmunity in mouse models
Authors: Lescoat Alain , Leinardi Riccardo , Pouxvielh Kevin , Yacoub Yousof , Lelong Marie , Pochet Amandine , Dumontet Erwan , Bellamri Nessrine , Tallec Erwan Le , Pavan Cristina , Turci Francesco , Paris Christophe , Huaux François , Lecureur valerie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Although epidemiological studies have suggested an association between asbestos exposure and systemic autoimmunity, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Short asbestos fibers are often considered less harmful than long fibers but such a statement is still a matter of debates. This study aimed to compare the effects of short (SFA) and long (LFA) amosite fiber exposure on lung damage, autoimmunity and macrophage phenotype. Four months after lung exposure to 0.1 mg of fibers, BAL levels of lactate dehydrogenase, free DNA, CCL2, TIMP-1 and immunoglobulins A of LFA-exposed C57Bl/6 mice were increased when compared to fluids from control- and SFA-exposed mice. Effects in LFA-exposed mice were associated with lung fibrosis and autoimmunity including anti-double-strand DNA antibody production. Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) exposed to SFA or LFA at 20 µg/cm2 have a pro-inflammatory phenotype characterized by a significant increase of TNFα and IL-6 secretion. A decrease of efferocytosis capacities was also noted after SFA and LFA, whereas macrophage abilities to phagocyte fluorescent beads were unchanged when compared to control MDMs. SFA exposure induced IL-6 secretion and reduced the percentage of MDMs expressing MHCII and CD86 markers involved in antigen and T-lymphocyte stimulation. By contrast, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, evaluated through quantification of caspase-1 activity and IL-1β secretion is rather associated to LFA than SFA exposure. Our results demonstrated that only long-term exposure to LFA has induced significant lung damages and autoimmune effects supporting a worsened health effects of LFA in comparison to SFA.
JMJD5 inhibits lung cancer progression by regulating glucose metabolism through the p53/TIGAR pathway
Authors: Liu Guiling , Qi Hongyan , Shen Jing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is considered one of the main driving forces for tumor progression, providing energy and substrates of biosynthesis to support rapid neoplastic proliferation. Particularly, the tumor suppressor protein p53 was shown to revert the Warburg effect and play complex roles in regulating glucose metabolism. Jumonji C domain-containing protein 5 (JMJD5) has previously been reported as a negative regulator of p53. However, the role of JMJD5 in p53-mediated metabolic reprogramming remains elusive. Here, we discovered that knockdown of JMJD5 significantly enhances TIGAR expression in p53 wild-type non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, which could further suppress glycolysis and promote the pentose phosphate pathway. Besides, JMJD5 knockdown promotes the NSCLC cell proliferation in vitro and xenograft tumor growth in vivo, while silencing TIGAR can abolish this effect. Low expression levels of JMJD5 are correlated with increased levels of TIGAR and better prognosis of lung cancer patients. Taken together, our findings suggest that JMJD5 is a key regulator of tumor glucose metabolism by targeting the p53/TIGAR metabolic pathway.
Coincidence measurements of two quantum-correlated photon pairs widely separated in the frequency domain
Authors: Hojo Masayuki , Tani Shuntaro , Kobayashi Yohei , Tanaka Koichiro 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Quantum correlation is a key concept characterizing the properties of quantum light sources and is important for developing quantum applications with superior performance. In particular, it enables photon pairs that are widely separated in the frequency domain, one in the visible region, the other in the infrared region, to be used for quantum infrared sensing without direct detection of infrared photons. Here, simultaneous multiwavelength and broadband phase matching in a nonlinear crystal could provide versatile photon-pairs source for broadband infrared quantum sensing. This paper describes direct generation and detection of two quantum-correlated photon pairs produced via simultaneous phase-matched processes in periodic crystals. These simultaneous photon pairs provide a correlated state with two frequency modes in a single pass. To confirm the correlation, we constructed an infrared-photon counting system with two repetition-synchronized fiber lasers. We performed coincidence measurements between two pairs, 980 nm and 3810 nm, and 1013 nm and 3390 nm, which yielded coincidence-to-accidental ratios of 6.2 and 6.5, respectively. We believe that our novel correlated light source with two separate pairs in the visible and infrared region complements a wide-range of multi-dimensional quantum infrared processing applications.
Yttrium-induced phase-transition technology for forming perfect ohmic contact in two-dimensional MoS2 transistors
Authors: Jiang Jianfeng , Xu Lin , Du Luojun , Li Lu , Zhang Guangyu , Qiu Chenguang , Peng Lian-Mao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The van der Waals (vdW) strategy is promising for overcoming the Fermi pinning challenge in two-dimensional (2D) transistors. However, the lack of advanced-node lithography-compatible methods hinders wafer-scale integrated manufacturing of vdW contacts. We report a yttrium-doping-induced phase-transition technology for converting semiconducting trigonal prismatic (2H) into heavily doped metallic octahedral (1T) MoS2 to achieve suitable vdW band alignment and ideal ohmic contacts. This Y-doped 1T-MoS2 is a vdW metallic buffer, and it improves carrier transfer efficiency from the metal electrode to 2H MoS2. We developed a solid-state-source three-step doping method (plasma-deposition-annealing) and achieved Å-thickness surface doping with yttrium atoms replacing sulfur atoms in the top surface of MoS2, thus forming self-aligned Y-doped 1T-MoS2 vdW ohmic contacts lithographically patterned in the source and drain regions. We fabricated 10-nm MoS2 FETs with Y-doped 1T-MoS2 vdW contacts in 2-inch wafers exhibiting nearly ideal ohmic contact with an ignorable Schottky barrier, achieved the smallest contact-resistance Rc in all 2D TMD FETs (less than 117-ohm micrometers) and a total-resistance (235-ohm micrometers) more than three times smaller than those of the best-reported 2D n-type FETs (greater than 800-ohm micrometers), showing high performance with an excellent on-current density of 1.22 milliamperes per micrometer at a small drain voltage of 0.7 V, a high ballistic ratio of 80%, and a record transconductance of 3.2 millisiemens per micrometer.
The Potential Preventive Effect of Dietary Phytochemicals in Vivo
Authors: Saleh Mai , Darwish Zeinab , Nouaem Manal El , Fayed Nesrin , Mourad Ghada , Ramadan Omneya 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Chemoprevention refers to using specific substances during oncogenesis. Curcumin and catechins are both a polyphenol type of phytochemicals presents in curcuma longa and green tea. The effect of curcumin is synergistic with epigallocatechin gallate, the most abundant polyphenol in tea.
Aim: To evaluates and compares the chemopreventive effect of both green tea and curcumin (each individually and in combination) through induction of hamster buccal pouch carcinoma.
Materials and Methods: Squamous cell carcinoma was chemically induced in fifty Syrian golden hamsters divided into 5 groups (10 each).
Results: The cells of positive control group (B) resulted in 11.57% apoptosis. In the study groups, treatment of the cells with green tea (C), curcumin (D) and both of them (E) showed increase apoptosis. The fluorescent image in group B showed increase of the red fluorescence in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the squamous cell carcinoma cells while in group C, D and E showed decrease of the red fluorescence in the nuclei of the squamous cell carcinoma cells. The microvessel density was higher in the positive control group as compared to the treated groups.
Conclusions: The combination of green tea and curcumin has a significant chemopreventive effect against oral carcinogenesis.
A General Analytical Solution for Fluid Flow and Heat Convection Through Arbitrary-Shaped Triangular Ducts: A Variational Analysis
Authors: T. Amirhossein Hajiaghaei , Norouzi Mahmood , Kayhani Mohammad Hasan , Birjandi Amir Komeili , Emamian Amin , Kim Mirae , Kim Kyung Chun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, an analytical solution for fluid flow and heat transfer inside arbitrarily-shaped triangular ducts is presented for the first time. The former analytical solutions are limited to the special case of isosceles triangular ducts. The literature has no report about the analytical solution for the general case of arbitrarily-shaped triangular ducts. Here, the functionals of flow and heat transfer equations are derived and the resulted Euler–Lagrange equations are solved using the Ritz method. The effect of the duct geometry on the velocity profile and friction coefficient is studied in detail. In addition, effect of the Brinkman number on the temperature distribution and Nusselt number is investigated for both cooling and heating cases. Here, the problem is solved for the case of constant heat flux at walls by considering the viscous dissipation. The results reveal that the value of the Nusselt number decreases with increasing the Brinkman number both in the wall cooling and wall heating modes. Finally, the proposed technique is suggested to solve the flow and heat transfer problems in complicated geometries analytically.