bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of a bovine pericardial patch angioplasty for completion of a complicated end to side anastomosis of a recipient vessel in the free flap reconstruction of a radiated wound: A case report
Authors: Hsu Jerry F. , Lentz Rachel B. , Ziegler Kenneth R. , Wong Alex K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSoft tissue sarcomas treated by extensive surgical resection and adjuvant radiation can lead to large tissue deficits that require free flap repair. Significant radiation can further compromise vessels necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. We describe an 82‐year‐old man who presented with a posterior thigh sarcoma and underwent wide local tumor resection and immediate reconstruction with a microvascular free flap. Due to radiated recipient vessels, this case required bovine patch angioplasty as a conduit for end to side anastomosis. Initial resection and pathology revealed a large myxofibrosarcoma. Wide local resection and radiotherapy resulted in a large irradiated soft tissue defect of 26 x 15 x 4 cm with exposed, radiation damaged neurovascular structures, and a lack of available regional flap options. The planned free flap, a 30 x 8 cm skin island from the left latissimus dorsi muscle with end‐to‐side anastomosis to the popliteal artery was complicated by friability of the vessel wall and insufficient perfusion. Given the extent of resection and radiation, there were no alternative recipient vessels present within the field. A bovine pericardial patch angioplasty of 2.5 cm in length was performed to the diseased popliteal vessel and an end to side anastomosis was successfully performed between the thoracodorsal artery and the patch. Improved reperfusion of the free flap was noted immediately following anastomosis indicating completion of the anastomosis of our complicated recipient vessel. During the uncomplicated postoperative course, the flap had good perfusion with Doppler signals present, and incision sites intact at discharge from acute hospitalization. Recurrent sarcomas that have undergone extensive resection and radiotherapy pose significant reconstructive challenges. For defects that require free tissue reconstruction when there are limited options for healthy, recipient vessels, bovine pericardial patch angioplasty may act as a robust conduit for diseased vessels.
Theoretical research of chalcogenide pedestal waveguide gas sensor
Authors: Liu Yang , Pi Mingquan , Zheng Chuantao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA rectangular waveguide with a small external confinement factor (γ) limits the gas sensing performance. The fabrication process of a suspended waveguide with large γ is complex. Pedestal waveguide can be fabricated by wet etching on the basis of a rectangular waveguide, which makes full use of the target analyte area under the core layer and increases γ. The TM mode chalcogenide pedestal waveguide was optimized to obtain a large γ. The γ of the optimized TM mode pedestal waveguide is 55.7% and the limit of detection of methane (CH4) for a 1 cm‐long waveguide is 1.67%. The fabrication tolerance of the pedestal waveguide was analyzed. The pedestal radius error has a great influence on sensing performance. This work provides a method for the design and performance analysis of a pedestal waveguide sensor.
Apparent wave velocity inverse analysis method and its application in dynamic pile testing
Authors: Liu Hao , Wu Wenbing , Yang Xiaoyan , Liu Xin , Wang Lixing , Naggar M. Hesham El , Wen Minjie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study proposes a new non‐destructive testing method (NDT), namely the apparent wave velocity of piles (AWVP) inverse analysis method, to solve the detection problem of the gradually varying cross‐sectional defects (cracks or necking) and the material property defects (concrete disintegration or steel corrosion) of piles. The analytical solution of the AWVP has been derived based on the additional mass model. The rationality and accuracy of the theoretical model have been validated through the comparisons with the experiment results. The variation mechanism of the AWVP due to the presence of soil has been clarified. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the major factors to determine the variation tendency of the AWVP. The optimum working conditions and parameter combinations of the AWVP based NDT method have been recommend. The main conclusions can be drawn as: (1) the variation of the AWVP with respect to frequency can be generally divided into a sensitive zone and a stable zone. (2) The AWVP initially decreases rapidly with the frequency within the sensitive zone, however when the frequency decreases to the stable zone, this decline tendency becomes much smaller. (3) Although the AWVP varies extensively within the frequency sensitive zone, this frequency range can substantially relax the requirements for the parametric accuracy of the pile–soil system.
The smooth extension embedding method with Chebyshev polynomials
Authors: Agress Daniel , Guidotti Patrick , Yan Dong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe propose an implementation of the smooth extension embedding method (SEEM), first described by Agress and Guidotti's study, in the setting of Chebyshev polynomials. SEEM is a hybrid fictitious domain/collocation method which solves general boundary value problems in complex domains by recasting them as constrained optimization problems in a simple encompassing set. Previously, SEEM was introduced and implemented using a periodic box (read a torus) using Fourier series; here, it is implemented on a (non‐periodic) rectangle using Chebyshev polynomial expansions. This implementation has faster convergence on smaller grids. Numerical experiments will demonstrate that the method provides a simple, robust, efficient, and high order fictitious domain method which can solve elliptic and parabolic problems in complex geometries, with non‐constant coefficients, and for general boundary conditions. We consider applications to two and three dimensional boundary value problems as well as an initial boundary value problem via a genuinely space–time discretization.
Convergence, bounded variation properties and Kruzhkov solution of a fully discrete Lagrangian–Eulerian scheme via weak asymptotic analysis for 1D hyperbolic problems
Authors: Abreu Eduardo , Espírito Santo Arthur , Lambert Wanderson , Pérez John 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe design and implement an effective fully discrete Lagrangian–Eulerian scheme for a class of scalar, local and nonlocal models, and systems of hyperbolic problems in 1D. We propose statements, via a weak asymptotic analysis, which include existence, uniqueness, regularity, and numerical approximations of entropy‐weak solutions computed with the scheme for the corresponding nonlinear initial value problem for the local scalar case. We study both convergence and weak bounded variation (BV) properties of the scheme to the entropy solution (for the local and scalar case) in the sense of Kruzhkov. The approach is based on the improved concept of no‐flow curves, as introduced by the authors, and we highlight the strengths of the method: (i) the scheme for systems of hyperbolic problems does not require computation of the eigenvalues (exact or approximate) either to the numerical flux function or the weak CFL stability condition (wCFL) and (ii) we prove the properties: positivity‐preserving, total variation nonincreasing, and maximum principle subject to the wCFL. We present numerical experiments to evaluate the shock capturing capabilities of the scheme in resolving the main features for hyperbolic problems: shock waves, rarefaction waves, contact discontinuities, positivity‐preserving properties, and nonlinear wave formations and interactions.
A novel NOTCH1 missense variant in two fetuses with a non‐syndromic conotruncal heart defect from a single family
Authors: Zhou Jie , Dai Xiaohui , Liu Hanmin , Zhou Shu , Wu Ting , Guo Nan , Chen Jiao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsWe describe two fetuses with conotruncal heart defects (CTDs) (persistent truncus arteriosus and pulmonary atresia/ventricular septal defect, respectively) in a Chinese family whose parents were both healthy. Testing was performed to identify any underlying genetic cause.Materials and MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of the proband’s parents and the skeletal muscle tissue of the two aborted fetuses for genetic testing.ResultsA heterozygous likely pathogenic missense variant, c.1724G〉C (:p.Cys575Ser), in the NOTCH1 gene (NM_017617.5) was detected in the two affected fetuses but not in the parents, and the next generation sequencing test of the proband’s father showed a normal result. It is therefore presumed to result from germline mosaicism in the proband’s mother or, less likely, is a recurrent de novo variant in the fetuses.ConclusionThis is the first description of fetal non‐syndromic CTD caused by a variant in NOTCH1. This report not only expands the gene variant spectrum of CTDs, but also emphasizes the importance of NOTCH1 testing when a fetal of CTD is detected.
Silk nanofibrils/chitosan composite fibers with enhanced mechanical properties
Authors: Xiao Jiahui , Li Liang , You Haining , Zhou Shunshun , Feng Yanfei , You Renchuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChitosan (CS) fibers have been applied in various fields due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antibacterial properties. However, weak mechanical properties remain as obstacles to further applications. Silk nanofibrils (SNFs) extracted from natural silk fibroin fibers preserve outstanding mechanical properties at the nanoscale, which are expected to impact structural programming and mechanical reinforcement for CS fibers. In this study, wet‐spun CS/SNFs composite fibers were continuously collected from NaOH/ethanol coagulation. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results showed that SNFs were uniformly distributed in the CS matrix, and obvious orientation was observed when the mass ratio of SNF/CS was 75/100. Tensile tests showed that the introduction of SNFs significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of CS fibers when the mass ratio of SNF/CS was more than 25/100. With the increasing of SNF content, the tensile strength gradually increased, and the tensile strength and modulus could be increased 2.9 times and 3.5 times, respectively, when 100% SNF was added. The improvement of mechanical properties was partially attributed to hydrogen bonding between SNF filaments and CS, which was confirmed by FTIR and XRD results. This study provides a facile and eco‐friendly method to spin CS fibers with enhanced mechanical properties and a hierarchical structure.
Thermal insulation and structural reliability of modified epoxy resin‐based ablation thermal protection coatings in aerothermal‐vibration coupling environment
Authors: He Dalong , Jiao Fangkun , Wu Jianying , Ou Dongbin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNovel hybrid ablation thermal protection coatings (FHMP‐ATPCs), employing iron trioxide (Fe2O3) powder, hollow glass microspheres, and mica powder as the fillers in hydroxyl‐terminated silicone oligomer‐bridged epoxy resins (PSG) copolymer, is investigated using an aerothermal‐vibration coupling test system. The ablation behavior and structural reliability of FHMP‐ATPCs with varying coating thickness were studied. During the test, the total enthalpy of airflow and dynamic pressures are 23 MJ/kg and 300 Pa, accompanied by the random vibration with a frequency of 20–2000 Hz and a total root‐mean‐square acceleration of 14.9g. The maximum surface and back‐face temperatures of the coating with the thickness of 2 mm reached 836.2°C and 156.4°C, respectively. Results also showed that the reduction of thickness obviously suppressed the surface temperature and increase in back‐face temperature yet maintaining high structural reliability. Compared with DGEBA‐based coatings, the PSG‐based coatings showed excellent structural reliability during the test. The study provides a solution for obtaining high performance ATPCs, which are highly desired for supersonic vehicles.
Proteomics as a tool to decipher plant responses in arbuscular mycorrhizal interactions: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Domingo Guido , Vannini Candida , Bracale Marcella , Bonfante Paola 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe beneficial symbiosis between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi leads to a deep reprogramming of plant metabolism, involving the regulation of several molecular mechanisms, many of which are poorly characterized. In this regard, proteomics is a powerful tool to explore changes related to plant–microbe interactions. This study provides a comprehensive proteomic meta‐analysis conducted on AM‐modulated proteins at local (roots) and systemic (shoots/leaves) level. The analysis was implemented by an in‐depth study of root membrane‐associated proteins and by a comparison with a transcriptome meta‐analysis. A total of 4262 differentially abundant proteins were retrieved and, to identify the most relevant AM‐regulated processes, a range of bioinformatic studies were conducted, including functional enrichment and protein‐protein interaction network analysis. In addition to several protein transporters which are present in higher amounts in AM plants, and which are expected due to the well‐known enhancement of AM‐induced mineral uptake, our analysis revealed some novel traits. We detected a massive systemic reprogramming of translation with a central role played by the ribosomal translational apparatus. On one hand, these new protein‐synthesis efforts well support the root cellular re‐organization required by the fungal penetration, and on the other they have a systemic impact on primary metabolism.
Improving SWATH‐MS analysis by deep‐learning
Authors: Sun Bo , Smialowski Pawel , Aftab Wasim , Schmidt Andreas , Forne Ignasi , Straub Tobias , Imhof Axel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractData‐independent acquisition (DIA) of tandem mass spectrometry spectra has emerged as a promising technology to improve coverage and quantification of proteins in complex mixtures. The success of DIA experiments is dependent on the quality of spectral libraries used for data base searching. Frequently, these libraries need to be generated by labor and time intensive data dependent acquisition (DDA) experiments. Recently, several algorithms have been published that allow the generation of theoretical libraries by an efficient prediction of retention time and intensity of the fragment ions. Sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH‐MS) is a DIA method that can be applied at an unprecedented speed, but the fragmentation spectra suffer from a lower quality than data acquired on Orbitrap instruments. To reliably generate theoretical libraries that can be used in SWATH experiments, we developed deep‐learning for SWATH analysis (dpSWATH), to improve the sensitivity and specificity of data generated by Q‐TOF mass spectrometers. The theoretical library built by dpSWATH allowed us to increase the identification rate of proteins compared to traditional or library‐free methods. Based on our analysis we conclude that dpSWATH is a superior prediction framework for SWATH‐MS measurements than other algorithms based on Orbitrap data.
Salidroside alleviates dexamethasone‐induced inhibition of bone formation via transforming growth factor‐beta/Smad2/3 signaling pathway
Authors: Xie Baocheng , Zhou Huan , Liu Hongyu , Liao Shiyi , Zhou Chenhui , Xu Daohua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis is the third epidemic osteoporosis following postmenopausal and senileosteoporosis. According to one study, salidroside made ovariectomized rats' bones strong. Salidroside's potential for treating glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis remains unproven. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of salidroside on dexamethasone‐induced osteogenic differentiation and bone formation in MC3T3‐E1 cells and zebrafish. The study proved that salindroside had no harmful impact on MC3T3E1 cells. Salidroside significantly relieved dexamethasone‐induced inhibition of ALP (alkaline phosphatase) activity and mineralization in MC3T3‐E1 cells, and promoted osteogenic differentiation of cells. Salidroside increased the expression of osteopontin (OPN), runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osterix (Osx), transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) proteins and promoted the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in MC3T3‐E1 cells treated with dexamethasone. In addition, the effect of salidroside in relieving dexamethasone‐induced inhibition of osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3‐E1 cells can be blocked by TGF‐β receptor type I/II inhibitor (LY2109761). At the same time, we found that salidroside significantly alleviated the inhibition of dexamethasone‐induced bone formation in zebrafish and promoted the mineralization of zebrafish skulls. LY2109761 reversed the protective impact of salidroside on dexamethasone‐mediated bone impairment in zebrafish. These findings suggested that salidroside alleviated dexamethasone‐induced inhibition of osteogenic differentiation and bone formation via TGF‐β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.
Impacts of an intensive community‐based support for patients with severe or morbid obesity in the United Kingdom: A qualitative study
Authors: Bond Mick , Haywood Annette , Holding Eleanor , Goyder Elizabeth , Bissell Paul , Stephenson John , Holt Rachel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground: To explore the long‐term impact of a UK specialist service providing intensive weight management support for patients with severe and complex obesity. An interview‐based study of former patients about their contact with the service and how it had affected their subsequent weight management. The questions covered areas of difference between those who had received lifestyle change support and those who had also had weight loss surgery.Methods: This qualitative study took place with former patients of a community‐based weight management service for people with severe or morbid obesity who had been discharged for at least 2 years. Nineteen interviews took place with patients initially contacted by questionnaire about their experiences of involvement with the service. Participants interviewed all had support to change their lifestyle, and some also had bariatric surgery. A narrative interview approach was employed to explore participants’ weight management after involvement with the service.Results: Most participants maintained their weight loss. The self‐esteem of some participants had significantly improved. For some, the weight loss came with significant problems in terms of dietary restrictions and loose skin. Participants said they would like more open‐ended contact, particularly for those who had bariatric surgery.Conclusions: The study supported current research findings that both those who had bariatric surgery or who just had lifestyle change support experienced a significant reduction in their weight. In this respect, participants thought it was a success. However, for a number, it was at a price in terms of the amount and type of food they could eat. The study adds to the understanding of the impact of bariatric surgery and weight management support from the patients’ perspective and of the support needs of patients having lifestyle support and surgery to help them manage the long‐term impact of obesity and treatment side‐effects.
An efficient online citrus counting system for large‐scale unstructured orchards based on the unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Zheng Zhenhui , Xiong Juntao , Wang Xiao , Li Zexing , Huang Qiyin , Chen Haoran , Han Yonglin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe accurate detection and counting of fruits in natural environments are key steps for the early yield estimation of orchards and the realization of smart orchard production management. However, existing citrus counting algorithms have two primary limitations: the performance of counting algorithms needs to be improved, and their system operation efficiency is low in practical applications. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel end‐to‐end orchard fruit counting pipeline that can be used by multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in parallel to help overcome the above problems. First, to obtain on‐board camera images online, an innovative UAV live broadcast platform was developed for the orchard scene. Second, for this challenging specific scene, a detection network named Citrus‐YOLO was designed to detect fruits in the video stream in real‐time. Then, the DeepSort algorithm was used to assign a specific ID to each citrus fruit in the online UAV scene and track the fruits across video frames. Finally, a nonuniform distributed counter was proposed to correct the fruit count during the tracking process, and this can significantly reduce the counting errors caused by tracking failure. This is the first work to realize online and end‐to‐end counting in a field orchard environment. The experimental results show that the F1 score and mean absolute percentage error of the method are 89.07% and 12.75%, respectively, indicating that the system can quickly and accurately achieve fruit counting in large‐scale unstructured citrus orchards. Although our work is discussed in the context of fruit counting, it can be extended to the detection, tracking and counting of a variety of other objects of interest in UAV application scenarios
Current treatments after spinal cord injury: Cell engineering, tissue engineering, and combined therapies
Authors: Shen Yingbo , Cao Xinyue , Lu Minhui , Gu Hongcheng , Li Minli , Posner David A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBoth traumatic and non‐traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs) can be categorized as damages done to our central nervous system (CNS). The patients' physical and mental health may suffer greatly because of traumatic SCI. With the widespread use of motor vehicles and increasingly aged population, the occurrence of SCI is more frequent than before, creating a considerable burden to global public health. The regeneration process of the spinal cord is hampered by a series of events that occur following SCI like edema, hemorrhage, formation of cystic cavities, and ischemia. An effective strategy for the treatment of SCI and functional recovery still has not been discovered; however, recent advances have been made in bioengineering fields that therapies based on cells, biomaterials, and biomolecules have proved effective in the repair of the spinal cord. In the light of worldwide importance of treatments for SCI, this article aims to provide a review of recent advances by first introducing the physiology, etiology, epidemiology, and mechanisms of SCI. We then put emphasis on the widely used clinical treatments and bioengineering strategies (cell‐based, biomaterial‐based, and biomolecule‐based) for the functional regeneration of the spinal cord as well as challenges faced by scientists currently. This article provides scientists and clinicians with a comprehensive outlook on the recent advances of preclinical and clinical treatments of SCI, hoping to help them find keys to the functional regeneration of SCI.