bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-occurrence of multiple plasmid-borne linezolid resistance genes—optrA, cfr, poxtA2 and cfr(D) in an Enterococcus faecalis isolate from retail meat
Authors: Shen Weiyi , Zhang Rong , Cai Jiachang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the molecular characteristics and transferability of plasmid-borne linezolid resistance genes optrA, cfr, poxtA2 and cfr(D) genes in one linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecalis DM86 from retail meat.

Methods
E. faecalis DM86 was screened for the presence of known linezolid resistance genes via PCR analysis. Conjugation experiments were used to evaluate the transferability of the resistance genes. The complete genome of E. faecalis DM86 was obtained using both the Illumina and Nanopore platforms.

Results
Analysis of the complete sequence showed that E. faecalis DM86 belonged to sequence type 116 (ST116). Four linezolid resistance genes were identified on three plasmids, designated as pDM86-2-cfr, pDM86-3-optrA and pDM86-4-poxtA [cfr(D) co-located]. IS1216 mobile elements were found to flank the cfr and optrA locus on these two plasmids. pDM86-3-optrA encoded the RDK-type OptrA protein and a common genetic array of ‘IS1216-fexA-optrA-erm(A)-IS1216’ was identified on this plasmid. The cfr(D) gene was closely associated with the poxtA2 gene on pDM86-4-poxtA, and similar plasmids and structures were reported recently in the E. faecalis of animal origin. The intra- and inter-species horizontal transferability of this plasmid to E. faecalis JH2-2, Enterococcus faecium BM4105RF and Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 was also proved, with a frequency of 2.8 × 10−3, 1.7 × 10−3 and 3.4 × 10−5, respectively.

Conclusions
This was the first report of the co-existence of up to four plasmid-borne linezolid resistance genes in one E. faecalis. Thus, efficient actions should be exerted to circumvent the microbiota contamination of food and the further spread of these antimicrobial resistance reservoirs.
The Pathways to Prevention program: nutrition as prevention for improved cancer outcomes
Authors: Hiatt Robert A , Clayton Margaret F , Collins Karen K , Gold Heather T , Laiyemo Adeyinka O , Truesdale Kimberly Parker , Ritzwoller Debra P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Adequate nutrition is central to well-being and health and can enhance recovery during illness. Although it is well known that malnutrition, both undernutrition and overnutrition, poses an added challenge for patients with cancer diagnoses, it remains unclear when and how to intervene and if such nutritional interventions improve clinical outcomes. In July 2022, the National Institutes of Health convened a workshop to examine key questions, identify related knowledge gaps, and provide recommendations to advance understanding about the effects of nutritional interventions. Evidence presented at the workshop found substantial heterogeneity among published randomized clinical trials, with a majority rated as low quality and yielding mostly inconsistent results. Other research cited trials in limited populations that showed potential for nutritional interventions to reduce the adverse effects associated with malnutrition in people with cancer. After review of the relevant literature and expert presentations, an independent expert panel recommends baseline screening for malnutrition risk using a validated instrument following cancer diagnosis and repeated screening during and after treatment to monitor nutritional well-being. Those at risk of malnutrition should be referred to registered dietitians for more in-depth nutritional assessment and intervention. The panel emphasizes the need for further rigorous, well-defined nutritional intervention studies to evaluate the effects on symptoms and cancer-specific outcomes as well as effects of intentional weight loss before or during treatment in people with overweight or obesity. Finally, although data on intervention effectiveness are needed first, robust data collection during trials is recommended to assess cost-effectiveness and inform coverage and implementation decisions.
(016) Pharmacological Treatment of Men with Compulsive Sexual Behaviour Disorder - Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial of Paroxetine and Naltrexone
Authors: Lew-Starowicz M , Draps M , Kowalewska E , Obarska K , Kraus S , Gola M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Psychotherapy is considered as first-line therapy for compulsive sexual behaviour disorder (CSBD). “Off-label” use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and opioid antagonists was reported as effective but the evidence-based data on pharmacological interventions remains very scarce.

Objective
The purpose of the study was to compare safety and efficacy of naltrexone and paroxetine in the treatment of CSBD.

Methods
Double-blind, randomized study comparing naltrexone, paroxetine and placebo was performed in a group of 73 treatment-seeking, heterosexual males meeting the ICD-11 criteria of CSBD. During 5 months treatment, the safety and efficacy of the medication was assessed by clinical examinations and clinical scales including Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST), Hypersexual Behavior Inventory (HBI), the Brief Pornography Screen (BPS), as well as in the Ecological Momentary Assessment.

Results
Symptoms of CSBD significantly improved in all three treatment arms but receiving active treatment was related to better satisfaction with the therapy and self-reported decrease of problematic sexual behavior. Sexual and porn craving decrease was pronounced the most in the paroxetine group. Adverse effects were relatively seldom and mild. All-cause discontinuation rate was 15.1%.

Conclusions
The study has shown that paroxetine and naltrexone represent safe treatment options for CSBD male patients. However, due to mixed results, their clinical efficacy should be confirmed in future trials that should also include women and non-heterosexual groups of patients.

Disclosure
No
(021) Sexual Function in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder before and after Treatment with Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI)
Authors: Weber S , Weber S K , Frøkjær V G , Armand S , Nielsen J , Knudsen G M , Jørgensen M B , Stenbæk D S , Giraldi A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is closely associated with sexual dysfunction, which may worsen during treatment with SSRIs due to side-effects of pharmacological treatment. This can potentially aggravate the depressed state or result in non-compliance with the treatment. Currently, little is known about the interplay between effects of SSRI treatment, patient characteristics and sexual function.

Objective
To examine the association between sexual function and the severity of MDD in drug-naïve patients compared to healthy controls and how treatment with SSRIs affects sexual function over time in individuals with MDD. Interaction with gender and treatment response was examined.

Methods
In 92 patients with MDD, we measured MDD severity with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and level of sexual function with the Changes in Sexual Function Questionnaire (CSFQ) at baseline and 4, 8, and 12 weeks after initiating treatment with escitalopram. Baseline sexual function was compared to sexual function of 73 healthy controls.

Results
Patients had worse sexual function at baseline than healthy controls, which was not associated with severity of MDD. Patients’ sexual function improved significantly during treatment. Improvement in sexual function was coupled with amelioration of symptoms of depression, but treatment response groups did not predict change in sexual function. Gender had no effect on sexual dysfunction symptoms during treatment.

Conclusions
Sexual dysfunction was strongly associated with MDD and improved in parallel with improvement in overall symptoms of depression across a standard 12-week SSRI antidepressant treatment.

Disclosure
Yes, this is sponsored by industry/sponsor: The Lundbeck Foundation alliance BrainDrugs, Sahakian: Lundbeck Foundation

Clarification
Industry funding only - investigator initiated and executed study
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: FREYA, Novo Nordic
(029) Frequent Pornography Consumption is Linked to Poor Body Satisfaction and Consequently to Poor Sexual Functioning in Heterosexually-identified Men Who Endorse Masculinity Ideologies
Authors: Komlenac N , Hochleitner M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
In Western societies, men may frequently receive messages about ideals of an often unattainable male body through visual media, including pornography. Additionally, men may hold traditional masculinity beliefs that idealize slender and muscular male bodies.

Objective
The current study analyzed whether pornography consumption was associated with men’s body satisfaction. Additionally, it was analyzed whether the endorsement of masculinity ideologies was a vulnerability factor that makes men more or less susceptible to pornography’s influence on body satisfaction. The study further analyzed whether body satisfaction in turn predicted men’s experiences of distressing sexual problems.

Methods
An online questionnaire study was conducted among 261 self-identified heterosexual young men (Mage = 24.4, SD = 3.5) at an Austrian medical university. The questionnaire contained questions about frequency of pornography consumption, body satisfaction, and distressing sexual problems. Endorsement of masculinity ideologies was assessed with the Male Role Norms Inventory–Short Form. A structural equation model was calculated to test whether the frequency of pornography consumption predicted body satisfaction, and whether body satisfaction in turn predicted distressing sexual problems. Men’s endorsement of masculinity ideologies was considered as a moderator for the effect of pornography consumption on body satisfaction.

Results
A structural equation model (χ2(30) = 39.3, p = .119; χ2/df = 1.3; RMSEA = .035, 90%CI = .000 – .062; CFI = .941; SRMR = .029) revealed that for most men pornography consumption was not associated with body satisfaction. However, there was a negative association between pornography consumption and body satisfaction for men who strongly endorsed the masculinity ideology of men needing to always be the dominant. Poor body satisfaction in turn was significantly associated with the experience of distressing erectile difficulties, ejaculation sooner than desired, or diminished intensity of orgasmic sensations.

Conclusions
This study reveals the importance of body satisfaction for sexual functioning in young heterosexual-identified men. Thus, clinicians who treat sexual problems in young men should address their clients’ or patients’ body satisfaction. Empowering men who endorse masculinity ideologies to challenge norms for an “ideal” male body, as depicted in most pornography, may be an important component of such interventions.

Disclosure
No
(069) Increased Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Testosterone Deficient Men and in Men Receiving Testosterone Replacement Therapy
Authors: Mann U , Bal D , Brar R , Patel P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Testosterone deficiency (TD) has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular risk factors and an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Conversely, literature surrounding testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) is conflicting. Currently, the Food and Drug Administration requires warnings regarding a possible increased cardiovascular risk for TRTs.

Objective
This study sought to investigate the association between TD and MACE. It also sought to investigate the association between TRT and MACE using a large population based database. The hypotheses were that TD men will have a higher risk of MACE, while men receiving TRT will also have a higher risk of MACE compared to controls.

Methods
A propensity-weighted, retrospective cohort study was conducted by accessing provincial health administrative databases. Eligibility criteria included men 18 years and older, with no prior TRT or MACE, who had at least 1 year of provincial health coverage from their index date between April 1st, 1995 to December 31st, 2018. TD was defined as men who had a serum testosterone level between 57-300 ng/dL. TRT was defined as having at least two testosterone prescriptions filled within one year (including capsules, gels, patches, and/or injections). MACE was defined as myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization procedures, ischemic stroke, or hospitalizations for heart failure. Controls were assigned a pseudo-index date at random based on the frequency distribution of index dates in the study group. Logistic regression model that included age, socioeconomic status, index year, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and renal disease was used to determine the propensity score. Stabilized inverse propensity treatment weighting was then applied to the propensity score. A cox proportional hazard model was used to examine our primary outcome of time to a MACE.

Results
Among 7918 men with TD and 442286 controls, men with TD were associated with a 87 % higher risk of a MACE (Hazard Ratio 1.76, 1.63 – 1.89) in unweighted and 21% higher risk (Hazard Ratio 1.27, 1.16 – 1.39) in weighted analyses. Among 6893 men receiving TRT and 415377 controls, men receiving TRT were associated with a 76% higher risk of a MACE (Hazard Ratio 1.76, 1.63 – 1.89) in unweighted and 26% higher risk (Hazard Ratio 1.27, 1.16 – 1.39) in weighted analyses.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that both TD men and men receiving TRT had a higher risk of MACE as compared to controls. Whether TRT itself increases the odds of MACE requires further elucidation. Our study is limited by its retrospective nature and inability to capture for all confounders.

Disclosure
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Boston Scientific.
(099) Dual Effect of a Serotonin and Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor (IP2018), and the Search for a Depressive Rat Model with Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Comerma Steffensen S G , Gutierrez E , Fais R , Peters D , Olesen C , Wegener G , Simonsen U 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
In patients with major depressive disorder, up to 68% present with comorbid sexual dysfunction, which resolves in only 5% to 30% of patients treated with antidepressants. Several groups of antidepressants negatively affect sexual function.

Objective
The present study investigated whether a newly developed amine transport inhibitor, IP2018, improves depression and erectile function in the same dose range.

Methods
The dose-dependent effect of IP2018 in two different mouse models for depression, the mouse forced swim test (mFST) and mouse tail suspension test (mTST), is reported. In male Wistar, Sprague Dawley and the depressive rats (Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) and Flinders Resistant Line (FRL)), increases in intracavernosal pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured, and the ratio ICP/MAP was used as a measure of erectile function. We investigated whether IP2018 induces changes in ICP or flow and whether IP2018 facilitates suboptimal increases in ICP induced by cavernosal nerve electrical stimulation. The late IP2018 procedure was performed in the rest of the rats to evaluate their erectile function.

Results
We found that infusion of IP2018 dose-dependently improved mFST and was more potent than citalopram. At the same time, higher doses of IP2018 were required to obtain effect in the mTST model, and IP2018 was equipotent to citalopram. Infusion of low doses of IP2018 dose-dependently increased the number and the duration of spontaneous erections. At the highest dose of IP2018, the increases in the number and duration of spontaneous erections were similar to the effect of the lowest dose, and the increases in flow were 5 times higher. IP2018 (1-30 μM) caused small relaxations in isolated corpus cavernosum strips. FSL and FRL rats showed a diminished ICP/MAP compared to Sprague Dawley control rats.

Conclusions
IP2018 is more potent or has a similar effect to the well-known antidepressant drug citalopram in mouse models for depression. The potent effect of IP2018 on erectile function in anaesthetized rats suggests that IP2018 in the same dose range has positive effects on both depression and erectile function. FSL/FRL rats appear to allow the study of drug effects on both depression and sexual function in one animal model.

Disclosure
Yes, this is sponsored by industry/sponsor: Initiator Pharma A/S

Clarification
Industry funding only - investigator initiated and executed study
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Initiator Pharma A/S
(114) Initial Safety Outcomes for Rigicon Infla 10® Inflatable Penile Prosthesis
Authors: Wilson S , Rossello M , Wen L , Maria P , Antonini G , Carajal A , Ralph D , Carrion R , Caravajal A , Perito P , Chung E 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
A new three-piece inflatable penile prosthesis was introduced in 2019. The Rigicon Infla10® has been implanted in 26 centers by 103 physicians. Clinical investigation for FDA approval in United States will begin in late 2022.

Objective
We report initial survival from explantation and revision rates for infection, mechanical failure and medical problems. Data was obtained from analysis of Patient Information Forms (PIFs) submitted to the manufacturer. Patient information data was omitted prior to analysis.

Methods
319 patients implanted from 1/06/2019 to 12/31/2021 were followed to analyze device durability from revision/removal and rates of reoperation for infection, mechanical failure or medical reason.

Results
Mean follow-up was 21.2 months with a range of 5-36 months. Mean age was 58.5. 4.38% required removal/revision. Mechanical failure was 2.5%. There were no infections reported and only two (0.6%) medical problems (component out of place). One Peyronie's patient required revision for inadequate straightening (0.03% Three patients (0.9%) requested device removal for dissatisfaction. A total of 95.6% of Rigicon Infla10® was free from explant or revision 13 months from the original implant date. Kaplan Meier analysis revealed cumulative survival of the device at 12, 24 and 36 months was 95.6%, 94.7% and 95.7% until surgical invention.

Conclusions
While this is a retrospective study derived from volunteered Patient Information Forms, we believe the vast majority of the early Rigicon Infla10® performed prior to 1/2022 were included in the analysis. Early results show initial durability from re-operation equivalent to contemporary, devices.

Disclosure
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Rigicon, Boston Scientific, Coloplast.
(120) Examining And Safety and Side Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Placebo in a Phase III Clinical Trial in the Management of Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Zucker I , Efimenko I , Molina M , Ibrahim E , Masterson T , Ramasamy R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Restorative therapies are advertised as a cure for erectile dysfunction (ED) despite lack of data. One such therapy is platelet-rich plasma (PRP). PRP is created through centrifugation of autologous blood and separation of the platelet rich layer containing cytokines and growth factors involved in wound healing. We are conducting an ongoing, single center, prospective, one-to-one randomized, double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial assessing the safety and efficacy of PRP for ED (NCT04396795. Registered April 3, 2020). To reduce the variability in PRP concentration inherent to most PRP systems, we are using the Arthrex angel, the only system with an optical sensor to tailor PRP dose.

Objective
To assess the safety of injecting intracavernosal PRP in men with ED.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed our clinical safety and adverse events data from September 2020 to May 2022. Patients receive either two injections of PRP or saline (placebo) four weeks apart. Patients were observed immediately post injection for adverse events. Additionally, patients were evaluated at 1-, 3- and 6-month periods. Finally, a Doppler ultrasound was completed at 6 months after last injection to assess for any structural or vascular changes to penis. For this analysis, we did not unblind patient groups. We report data from men who have received any injection with PRP or placebo and compared group A and B. We assessed statistical significance through t-test, where alpha=0.05.

Results
In total, 60 trial patients were included, 28 in group A and 32 in group B. There was no difference in pain with injection 1 (p=0.69) or injection two (p=0.99) (table 1). In each group, no major adverse events were recorded. In group A, only 1 minor adverse event, new penile plaque, was found (4.3%). This is similar to group B, where only 1 minor adverse event was reported (4.3%). No other minor adverse events were reported.

Conclusions
PRP appears safe to inject intracorporeally in patients with ED in our ongoing randomized placebo-controlled trial. Efficacy could not be assessed at this time. However, our study can help counsel patients on the side effects and complications associated with PRP.

Disclosure
No