bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and flocculation effect of copper ion imprinted chitosan flocculant
Authors: Feng Ying , Xie Yuju , Li Qixue , Zhao Mengjie , Cui Qian , Zhang Jianwei , Dong Xin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA copper ion imprinted chitosan flocculant (Cu2+@CTS) was synthesized by the molecular imprinting technique to improve the flocculation selectivity of chitosan to heavy metal ions. The effects of the amount of crosslinking agent, crosslinking time, temperature on the properties of the material were systematically investigated. Under the optimum preparation conditions, the flocculation rate and removal rate of Cu2+@CTS were 98.26% and 88.4%, respectively, 2.85 and 3.86 times higher than that of the unprinted chitosan flocculant. On this basis, the flocculation selectivity of Cu2+@CTS to Cu2+ in the presence of Zn2+, Ni2+ and other competitive ions was further explored. The experimental results indicated the removal rate of Cu2+ by Cu2+@CTS was as high as 70%–85%, which was 2.2–2.7 times that of other ions, while the removal rate of three metal ions by non‐imprinted chitosan flocculants was less than 35%. This study provided a reference for improving the selectivity of chitosan‐based flocculant to Cu2+.
Neurocysticercosis and epilepsy: Imaging and clinical characteristics
Authors: Rodríguez‐Leyva Ildefonso , Cantú‐Flores Karla , Domínguez‐Frausto Arturo , Vaudano Anna Elisabetta , Archer John , Bernhardt Boris , Caciagli Lorenzo , Cendes Fernando , Chinvarun Yotin , Federico Paolo , Gaillard William D. , Kobayashi Eliane , Ogbole Godwin , Rampp Stefan , Wang Irene , Wang Shuang , Concha Luis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe ILAE Neuroimaging Task Force aimed to publish educational case reports highlighting basic aspects related to neuroimaging in epilepsy consistent with the educational mission of the ILAE. Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is highly endemic in resource‐limited countries and increasingly more often seen in non‐endemic regions due to migration. Cysts with larva of the tapeworm Taenia solium lodge in the brain and cause several neurological conditions, of which seizures are the most common. There is great heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of neurocysticercosis because cysts vary in number, larval stage, and location among patients. We here present two illustrative cases with different clinical features to highlight the varying severity of symptoms secondary to this parasitic infestation. We also present several examples of imaging characteristics of the disease at various stages, which emphasize the central role of neuroimaging in the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis.
Seismic risk scenario for the historical centre of castelpoto in Southern Italy
Authors: Formisano Antonio , Chieffo Nicola , Asteris Panagiotis G. , Lourenço Paulo B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe study proposed a seismic vulnerability methodology applied to the historical centre of Castelpoto, located in the province of Benevento (Southern Italy). The seismic vulnerability of the examined aggregates was examined using an index‐based procedure specifically developed for structural masonry compounds. The structural details and specific characteristics of building aggregates are crucial in determining the seismic vulnerability of buildings in urban environments. Parameters such as the plan configuration, size, and layout of buildings, including the thickness, height of the masonry walls and the connections among different components of the construction, were appropriately considered, since all might have an impact on their seismic performance. Furthermore, the type of masonry, the strength and composition of the mortar, as well as the quality of constructions, can also contribute to the global seismic performance of buildings. These structural parameters, collected in the used form, were correlated to the Masonry Quality Index (MQI) to provide an exhaustive assessment of the capacity (in‐plane and out‐of‐plane mechanisms) of the bearing elements towards seismic loads. Secondly, the susceptibility to damage of the existing building stock was evaluated by applying a parametric simulation of damage scenarios adopting an appropriate Intensity Prediction Equation (IPE). To this purpose, fault models were acquired from the Database of Individual Seismogenic Sources (DISS) and the considered IPE was validated according to the Italian Macroseismic Database (DBMI). Thus, the proposed research aims to highlight how an accurate assessment of masonry strength is crucial during the inspection phase to optimise the prediction of the expected damage scenario allowing for effective risk mitigation in urbanised contexts.
Default return spread: A powerful predictor of crude oil price returns
Authors: Han Qingxiang , He Mengxi , Zhang Yaojie , Umar Muhammad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper uses the default return spread (DFR) to predict crude oil price returns over the period January 1986 through December 2020. Results of in‐sample and out‐of‐sample analyses show that the DFR can predict oil price returns and significantly outperform the benchmark and other competing variables. In an asset allocation exercise, a mean–variance investor can obtain considerable certainty equivalent return (CER) gains based on the return forecasts of DFR relative to the benchmark. We also perform a series of robustness tests to confirm our previous conclusion. We further investigate the source of the DFR's predictive ability from oil market sentiment, in which we provide some theoretical basis to explain.
Identifying hydrologic signatures associated with streamflow depletion caused by groundwater pumping
Authors: Lapides Dana A. , Zipper Sam , Hammond John C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGroundwater pumping can reduce streamflow in nearby waterways (‘streamflow depletion’), a process which must be accounted for in integrated management of surface and groundwater resources. However, causal identification of streamflow depletion from hydrographs alone is challenging because pumping impacts are masked by other drivers of hydrologic variability. To identify potential indicators of streamflow depletion, we used synthetic hydrographs and an analytical streamflow depletion model to assess potential pumping impacts on specific hydrograph characteristics (‘hydrologic signatures’) for 215 streamgages spanning the conterminous United States (CONUS). We found that streamflow depletion commonly impacts signatures associated with seasonal and annual low flows and low flow recessions. The largest impacts occurred during dry years, suggesting streamflow depletion may be evident in dry years even where impacts are unmeasurable in wet years. Random forest models indicated that streamflow depletion could significantly impact Annual, Summer, and Fall signatures in most streams. Our finding that multiple hydrologic signatures are consistently responsive to streamflow depletion across CONUS suggests that the underlying hydrological processes linking pumping to streamflow reductions are consistent across diverse settings, information that will aid in identifying indicators of streamflow depletion from streamflow hydrographs.
Hydrological response of a headwater catchment in Southeast Brazil—Threshold patterns of stormflow response
Authors: Chittolina Mariane , da Rocha Humberto Ribeiro , Domingues Leonardo Moreno , de Araújo Lobo Gré 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHeadwater catchments are essential water sources for sustaining low flow in downstream rivers. The montane region of Serra da Mantiqueira in Southeast Brazil is the largest water supplier for the densely populated area of São Paulo, where we investigated the hydrological response of a subtropical catchment and four of its sub‐catchments. We discussed the relationships between rainfall, streamflow, baseflow, stormflow, soil moisture, and water table depth using high‐frequency field observations over 4 years. Baseflow accounted for most of the streamflow during the dry season and for half of streamflow in the wet season. In contrast, the variations in soil moisture were dampened, with increases in the early wet season preceding the increase in streamflow and decreases in the late wet season following the decrease in streamflow. The mean runoff coefficient and baseflow index varied from 23% to 37% and from 62% to 75% across the catchments, respectively. At the event scale, all catchments had a pronounced threshold behaviour, where stormflow increased sharply when event precipitation reached ≃10 mm, soil moisture reached ≃51% and water table depth decreased to ≃135 cm. The event stormflow coefficient was highly variable, with a maximum of 25%. The temporally integrated stormflow coefficient was low for conditions below a soil moisture threshold (≃3%–10%) and high above a soil moisture threshold (≃8%–15%). Our estimates of flows and threshold behaviours were consistent across the various study catchments, improving our understanding of runoff generation at a catchment scale. This information should help improve the management of water resources focused on water and food security in a context of climate change.
An empirical investigation of the relationship between real exchange rate and innovation: Evidence from China
Authors: Wen Jun , Usman Muhammad Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe aims of this study is to investigate the relationship between real exchange rate and innovation in China for the period spanning from 1985 to 2020 using an annual time series data collected from different sources. The study employs autoregressive distributed lag bound test and other econometrics techniques to analyse the short‐run and long‐run relationship among the variables. The findings of the study reveal the existence of short‐run and long‐run relationship between real exchange rate (undervalued RMB) and technological innovation. Furthermore, real exchange rate (undervalued RMB) has positive effect on innovation while real exchange rate volatility is negatively affect innovation. Based on the above empirical findings, the study suggests some policy implications which are considered important for fostering rapid and sustainable economic growth.
Fear of childbirth and use of labor analgesia: A nationwide register‐based analysis in Finland
Authors: Vaajala Matias , Kekki Maiju , Mattila Ville M. , Kuitunen Ilari 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo calculate the rates of labor analgesia among women with fear of childbirth (FOC) in multiparous and nulliparous women, because FOC might be associated with higher rates of labor analgesia.MethodsIn this retrospective register‐based cohort study, data from the National Medical Birth Register was used to evaluate the usage of labor analgesia in pregnancies with FOC, when compared with those without. The analgesia methods were stratified into neuraxial analgesia, pudendal, paracervical, nitrous oxide, other medical, other non‐medical, and no analgesia.ResultsA total of 19 285 pregnancies with diagnosed maternal FOC were found during our study period. The control group consisted of 757 997 pregnancies without diagnosed maternal FOC. Nulliparous women with diagnosed FOC had a higher rate of epidural analgesia (70.2% vs 67.1%), spinal analgesia (12.3% vs 7.6%), and pudendal block (17.6% vs 9.6%). Multiparous women with FOC had a notably higher rate for epidural analgesia (47.0% vs 29.0%).ConclusionThe main finding in this study was that women with diagnosed FOC had a higher rate of labor analgesia. The results of this study can be used by midwives, obstetricians, and anesthesiologists to provide optimal pain relief for mothers with FOC.
Histopathologic Study of Recurrent Clark Level II Melanomas
Authors: Glass L. Frank , Guffey Jean M. , Schroer Kenneth R. , Reintgen Douglas 
Published: April 2023

Overall, the prognosis for thin lesions of melanoma (less than 0.76 mm) is excellent. However, a number of melanoma patients with seemingly innocuous lesions have been reported to develop recurrences. For this reason, we examined histologic sections taken from eight cases of Clark level II melanoma that unexpectedly recurred, and compared their histopathologic features with an equal number of nonrecurrent lesions in whom reliable clinical follow‐up data were available. Prognostic variables including Breslow thickness, mitotic rate, ulceration, the presence or absence of regression, a vertical growth phase component, and an associated banal nevus were evaluated in a double blind manner.When attempts were made to predict outcome based on one or more prognostic variables, the only correlation of statistical significance was the Breslow thickness (P= 0.04). A Breslow thickness greater than 0.4 mm was associated with a significantly shorter disease free interval than a thickness below 0.4 mm. There was no significant correlation between predicted outcome based on the histologic features examined and the eventual outcome based on history of recurrence (P= 0.36).These data indicate that although prognostic models that predict outcome in melanoma are generally reliable, there is a sizable population of patients with thin melanomas that do worse than would be expected.
Psychrometric Studies
Authors: Henry H. C. , Epstein N. 
Published: April 2023

The overall or macroscopic psychrometric ratios have been measured for naphthalene, p‐dichlorobenzene and d‐camphor cylinders and spheres sublimating into both air and helium gas streams in low intensity turbulent flow. The macroscopic psychrometric ratio was found to be independent of gas temperature level, gas velocity and particle diameter, in line with theoretical expectations. The results for cylinders in cross‐flow and spheres were identical and could best be represented, along with data from the literature to a total of eighteen gas‐vapor systems, by an equation similar to that of Bedingfield and Drew. The upper limit of Lewis number was extended by the present correlation from 3.7 to 7.2.Two simple theoretical equations are presented for predicting the “limiting” psychrometric ratio of a sphere, cylinder or flat plate under conditions of pure molecular diffusion of heat and mass. These equations bracket the actual wet‐bulb data obtained for both naphthalene and p‐dichlorobenzene cylinders and spheres sublimating into a quiescent air atmosphere.On a mesuré les rapports psychrométriques globaux ou macroscopiques dans le cas de cylindres et sphères de naphthaline, paradichlorobenzène et camphre‐d qui sublimaient dans des courants d'air et d'hélium gazeux dans des conditions de débit lent et de faible intensité. On a constaté, conformément aux prédictions théoriques, que le rapport psychrométrique macroscopique était indépendant du degré de température du gaz ainsi que de sa vélocité et du diamètre de ses particules. On a trouvé que les résultats relatifs aux cylindres dans un écoulement transversal et aux sphères étaient identiques et pouvaient être le mieux représentés (avec des données obtenues dans la littérature et s'étendant à un total de 18 systèmes de gaz et vapeur) par une équation semblable à celle de Bedingfield et Drew. La corrélation présente a permis l'extension de la limite supérieure du nombre de Lewis de 3.7 à 7.2. On présente deux équations théoriques simples pour prédire le rapport psychrométrique limite d'une sphère, d'un cylindre ou d'une plaque plate dans des conditions de diffusion moléculaire pure de chaleur et de masse. Ces équations appuient les résultats pour bulbes humides qu'on a en fait obtenus dans le cas de cylindres et sphères de naphthaline et paradichlorobenzène qui sublimaient dans une atmosphère tranquille d'air.
The Role of β‐glucosidase in the Bioconversion of Cellulose to Ethanol
Authors: Pemberton M. S. , Brown R. D. , Emert G. H. 
Published: April 2023

The activity of β‐glucosidasc from Trichoderma reesei was studied with respect to its inhibition by ethanol and its role in the degradation of cellulose. Ethanol and other alcohols were shown to increase the rate of hydrolysis of p‐nitrophenyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside by acting as acceptor molecules for the glucosyl cation. Presence of ethanol resulted in the formation of ethyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranosidc. Ethanol was shown to inhibit the activity of the complete cellulasc system, but the extent of inhibition was less than for glucose or cellobiose. Addition of Aspergillas niger β‐glucosidase to a simultaneous saccharification/fermentation: resulted in a 20% increase in percent conversion of cellulose to ethanol while addition to saccharification resulted in a 53% increase in percent conversion.On a étudié l'activité de l'enzyme β‐glucosidase (provenant de Trichoderma reesei) en rapport avec son inhibition par l'alcool éthylique et son rôle dans la dégradation de la cellulose. On a trouvé que l'alcool éthylique et d'autres alcools augmentaient la vitesse d'hydrolyse du nitrophényl‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside en agissant comme molécule accepteur pour la cation glucosyl. La présence d'alcool éthylique a eu pour résultat la formation de l'éthyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside. On a constaté que l'alcool éthylique produisait l'inhibition de l'activité de tous le système de la cellulase, mais que cette inhibition était moindre que dans le cas du glucose ou du cellobiose. L'addition de l'enzyme β‐glucosidase (provenant de Aspergellus niger) à une saccharification‐fermentation simultanées, a produit une augmentation de 20% dans le pourcentage de conversion de la cellulose en alcool éthylique, alors que l'addiition de la même enzyme la saccharification seule, produit une augmentation de 53% du pourcentage de conversion.
Bench Scale Research in Biomass Liquefaction by the CO‐Steam Process
Authors: Elliott Douglas C. 
Published: April 2023

The CO‐Steam process, which was originally developed for low‐rank coal liquefaction, has been applied to the conversion of biomaseto liquid fluels. Bench scale research, in the form of batch autoclave experiments, has been performed as support for a three ton per day process development unit. Experiments have been done to study the effects of parameters such as pressure, temperature, feedstock, catalyst concentration, water concentration and reaction time, as well as process modifications such as varying the cover gas composition, changing the catalyst addition technique, and the use of hydrogen donor solvents through side stream hydrogenation of the recycle oil.On a appliqué le procédé dit “CO‐Vapeur d'eau”, initialement mis au point pour la liquéfaction de charbons de faible qualité, à la transformation d'une biomasse en combustibles liquides. On a effectué un travail de recherche à l'échelle du laboratoire, qui consistait en des essais discontinus en autoclave, pour aider à la mise au point d'une unité à l'échelle de trois tonnes jour. On a étudier les effets de paramètres tels que pression, température, charge d'alimentation, concentration du catalyseur et temps de réaction, ainsi que des modifications du procédé telles que la variation de l'atmosphère gazeuse, le changement de la méthode d'addition du catalyseur et l'emploi de solvants donneurs d'hydrogène pour l'hydrogénation du courant latéral de l'huile recyclée.
Structure determination and magnetic studies of triazole chelated Co(II) coordination polymers
Authors: Chen Bo‐Hao , Xu Jun‐Jia , Lai Wei‐Ren , Chang Chung‐Kai , Chen Jeng‐Lung , Lee Jyh‐Fu , Chen Jin‐Ming , Sheu Hwo‐Shuenn , Lee Jey‐Jau , Kubota Yoshiki , Chiang Ming‐Hsi , Kitagawa Yasutaka , Chuang Yu‐Chun , Hsu I‐Jui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTwo cobalt(II) halide complexes with 1,2,4‐triazole as a ligand were synthesized. Their structures were determined by extended x‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and powder x‐ray diffraction (XRD). Both complexes [Co(Htrz)Cl2]n (1) and {[Co(Htrz)2(trz)]BF4}n (2) form one‐dimensional polymeric chain and the distances of Co⋯Co are 3.3521(2) Å and 3.8629(2) Å, respectively. The Htrz and Cl− are bridging ligands to connect two Co(II) ions in 1, and the local environment of Co site is in a distorted octahedron with {CoN2Cl4} core. In complex 2, two Htrz and one trz are bridging ligands to connect two Co(II) ions, and the local geometry of Co is in a pseudo octahedron with {CoN6} core. The analysis of Co LII,III‐edge XAS indicates that the Co(II) of both complexes are at high spin state with t2g5eg2 configuration and the crystal field strength (10Dq) is about 1.2 eV. The broken‐symmetry DFT calculations indicate that antiferromagnetic coupling state of Co⋯Co is the most stable state in both complexes; and the coupling constants of 1 and 2 are −0.32 cm−1 and −3.70 cm−1, respectively. Based on the distances of Co⋯Co and coupling constants, such antiferromagnetic interaction is achieved through triazole ligands.
Reference‐dependent preferences in flat penalty service‐level contracts
Authors: Duhaylongsod Jose Benedicto , Papier Felix , Onculer Ayse 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates a supply chain governed by a flat penalty service‐level contract in which missing the target fill rate can lead to costly operational disruption. We focus on near‐miss bias: (1) the preference for near‐miss events, that is, risky production quantities that reach the target but narrowly avoid disruption; and (2) riskier decision‐making due to such preferences. We propose a reference‐dependent behavioral model that explains the near‐miss bias. The findings of a laboratory experiment show that production quantities are evaluated based on realized profits and are below the optimal model prediction. Contracts associated with lower perceived severity, that is, the ratio of flat penalty to wholesale price, result in lower production quantities than those with higher perceived severity, even though the standard model does not predict any effect. A structural estimation analysis indicates that the behavioral model performs better than the standard model in terms of predictive accuracy and goodness of fit. Our analysis provides insights for managers who design supply chain contracts in settings with considerable risk of disruption due to a shortage of critical parts.
Ultrasound‐assisted phosphorylation of goose myofibrillar proteins: improving protein structure and functional properties
Authors: Zhou Yan , Sun Yangying , Pan Daodong , Xia Qiang , Zhou Changyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDGoose meat is rough and embedded with dense connective tissue, impairing protein solubility. Therefore, to improve the functional properties of goose myofibrillar protein (GMP), ultrasound was used to assist the phosphorylation of GMP.RESULTSThe fact that GMP attached covalently with the phosphate group of sodium tripolyphosphate (GMP‐STP) was disclosed directly by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, ultrasound significantly improved the hydrophobicity and solubility of GMP‐STP, which could be attributed to the conversion of α‐helix to β‐sheet, β‐turns, and random coils by sonication. The spatial stabilization of the protein phosphorylation process was boosted by ultrasound, making the droplets more dispersed, and thus an improvement in the functional properties of GMP‐STP was observed. Water‐holding capacity, oil‐binding capacity, and emulsifying and foaming properties were best at an ultrasound power of 400 W.CONCLUSIONUltrasound‐assisted phosphorylation has great potential to modulate the structure–function relationship of proteins. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.