bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF A CAREGIVER FINANCIAL PREPAREDNESS PROGRAM: SIGNIFICANT SHORT- AND LONG-TERM IMPACTS
Authors: Judge Katherine , Grant Claire , Moreno Monica , Lanigan Kerry , Stratton Lauren , Fazio Sam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Over 50 million informal caregivers provide care to an older adult age 50 or older. Negative financial impacts include significant out-of-pocket expenses, decreased income and future earnings. The program, Managing Money: A Caregiver’s Guide to Finances, was developed to address the lack of evidence-based programs and evaluated using a randomized control trial across 5 time points: Time 1 (baseline); Time 2 (after condition completion); Time 3 (30 days after Time 2); Time 4 (60 days after Time 2); and Time 5 (90 days after Time 2). The mean age of participants was 55.45 (SD=14.85); 80% female; 72% White and 69% married. Forty-six percent provided care to their parent/in-law, 36% to a spouse/partner, and 40% were employed full-time. Participants were randomly assigned to the program (N=76) or waitlist condition (N=98). No significant differences on demographic or care context variables were found between conditions. A 2 x 5 repeated measures analyses examined significant change across time based on condition. For significant outcomes, post-hoc analyses examined whether change was short-term (T2,T3); long-term (T4,T5); or both. Results found: 1) significant short- and long-term improvements for Unmet Needs (F(1,4)=8.34,p=.01); Self-efficacy (F(1,4)=4.27,p=.01); and Behavioral Intentions (F(1,4)=3.63,p=.01) and 2) significant long-term improvements for Unmet Needs Distress (F(1,4)=5.82,p=.01) and Behavioral Actions (F(1,4)=4.55,p=.01). Results indicated the program was efficacious in positively impacting key financial preparedness measures. Discussion highlights key study elements including program accessibility and scalability; generalizability of findings and limitations; and contextualizing results within the larger literature.
HOW DO OLDER AFRICAN AMERICAN COUPLES TAKE CARE OF EACH OTHER? A DYADIC, QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Rauer Amy , Cooke Wendy McClean , Hornbuckle Lyndsey 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Guided by Lyons and Lee’s (2018) Dyadic Theory of Illness Management, the current study explored covariation in dyadic health management behaviors within a sample of seventeen older African American married couples (Mage=61.68 years; Mmaritalduration=32.29 years). We also examined if spouses agreed on how they took care of each other’s health and whether these patterns changed after couples participated in a health-focused intervention together. Prior to beginning a 12-week walking plus resistance training exercise intervention, spouses completed questionnaires asking them to list the common things they did to help take care of their partner’s health as well as what their partner did for them. Thirteen couples completed these questionnaires post-intervention. Data from both waves were analyzed using thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Five health management behaviors domains were identified (diet, exercise, self-care, medical compliance, relationship maintenance). Although both partners reported encouraging healthier diets and exercise, wives also reported promoting other health management behaviors. Couples had greater congruence in their appraisals of wives’ health management behaviors compared to husbands’, as wives recognized many things husbands did to take care of them that husbands did not report themselves. Patterns appeared stable over time. Findings suggest the incongruence in couples’ health management behaviors represented complementary efforts to support each other and revealed that husbands may be underestimating how much care they are providing to their wives. A promising method for addressing health disparities in this population may involve capitalizing on this clear investment that older African American couples have in each other’s health.
HEARING, COGNITION, AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION: LEVERAGING LARGE-SCALE EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES TOWARD INTERVENTION
Authors: Nieman Carrie , Deal Jennifer , Wallhagen Margaret 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hearing loss and aging represent the intersection of two major public health challenges. Over 1.5 billion individuals or almost 20% of the global population have hearing loss, where the largest burden is among older adults secondary to age-related hearing loss. By 2030, the end of the UN Decade of Healthy Aging, almost 2 billion individuals are expected to be living with hearing loss. Evidence continues to grow related to the negative consequences of hearing loss in the context of aging, both on cognitive and physical function. This symposium will share the latest findings on hearing loss and its relationship to a range of negative consequences from diverse large-scale cohorts. Specifically, the session will cover hearing loss and its relationship to cognitive health, including subjective cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms among persons living with dementia, as well as physical health, including frailty and physical function. Each presentation draws upon datasets from a large-scale epidemiologic study with varying types of data on hearing status and measures of cognitive and physical health. The covered datasets include nationally representative cohorts, such as the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), to longitudinal cohorts, such as the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC). The session will serve as a primer on available datasets that include data on hearing status and hearing care, including strengths, limitations, and analysis considerations. This symposium will provide tangible ways to leverage existing data in order to move toward intervention and build capacity around hearing health within gerontology.
DIFFERENCES IN THE EXPERIENCES AND BEHAVIORS OF OLDER ADULTS IN NSHAP DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Hawkley Louise , Carr Dawn 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This symposium uses data from the National Social Life, Health & Aging Project to examine how and for whom older adults’ social relationships and experiences changed with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Zhang et al. examine video call usage among older adults with hearing impairment and how this might mitigate loneliness. They find that although this population reported greater loneliness during the pandemic, video calls attenuated this relationship in a dose-response manner. Wilder et al. evaluate 2015 resilience and socioeconomic status as predictors of older adults’ reports that the pandemic led to a positive change in their lives. Results revealed greater odds of reporting a positive impact of the pandemic for those with higher education, adjusting for resilience. Compernolle et el. assess differences by cognitive status in changes in mental health from pre- to during the pandemic. Higher 2015 cognitive functioning was associated with greater pandemic loneliness, with decreased pandemic emotional support partly explaining this association. Copeland & Liu investigate the role of 2015 personal networks in receiving instrumental and emotional support during the pandemic, finding that larger and denser pre-pandemic confidant networks each predicted higher odds of receiving various types of support during the pandemic. Wong et al. explore whether and for whom relationship quality changed since the pandemic started. Two-thirds of partnered respondents reported unchanged relationship quality, and Black respondents were more likely to report improved relationship quality. These investigations highlight sub-group differences in older adults’ changes in experiences, behavior, and well-being since the pandemic began.
HEARING LOSS AND FRAILTY: LONGITUDINAL ASSOCIATIONS
Authors: Reed Nicholas , Jiang Kening 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hearing Loss (HL) is common among older adults and is associated with factors (e.g., walking speed and social isolation) that may mediate an association with frailty. In the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) 2011-2018 data, frailty was defined by the physical frailty phenotype composite (exhaustion, low physical activity, weakness, slowness, and shrinking) while HL was self-report. Among, 6897 baseline participants in 2011, 1132 (16%) were frail. In a cox proportional hazard model adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical risk factors, HL (n=1607; Hazard Ratio[HR]=1.15; 95% Confidence Interval[CI]=1.00-1.32) was associated with higher risk of incident frailty relative to those with no HL (n=5290). In a generalized estimating equation longitudinal model (2011-2018), HL was associated with higher odds of frailty at baseline (Odds Ratio[OR]=1.52; 95%CI=1.49-1.96) and a 1.06 (95%CI=1.04-1.09) annual increase in odds of frailty. Future research should focus on mechanisms underlying association and determine the impact of HL treatment.
JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY SOCIAL SCIENCES: FEATURED 2021 EDITOR’S CHOICE ARTICLES
Authors: Kelley Jessica 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Social science inquiry on age, aging, and the life course spans many topics and methodologies. This symposium highlights papers that were selected as Editor’s Choice articles in the Journal of Gerontology Social Sciences in 2021. These papers highlight methodological innovations, important advancements in our state of knowledge in an area, or emerging issues in the study of aging and older adults. Nguyen et al. discuss a qualitative study of the causes and consequences of financial exploitation of older adults. Newmyer et al. present a 31-country comparative study of measures of loneliness with their reliability and validity. Rurka et al. present a mixed-methods study of sibling dynamics and tensions when caring for an older parent. Dennison and Lee provide a novel method for studying intergenerational selection effects of education and older adult health. Lin and Brown demonstrate gender differences in the economic consequences of later-life divorce and potential impact of repartnering versus staying single.
PERCEIVED TYPES, CAUSES, AND CONSEQUENCES OF FINANCIAL EXPLOITATION: NARRATIVES FROM OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Nguyen Annie , Han Duke 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We investigate the perception of financial exploitation and its causes and consequences by older adults who have firsthand experience of being exploited. Thirty-one cognitively healthy older adult participants aged 50 or older were drawn from the Finance, Cognition, and Health in Elders Study. In-depth, one-on-one interviews were conducted. Interview transcripts were analyzed using an iterative, data-driven, thematic coding scheme and emergent themes were summarized. Categories of financial exploitation included (a) investment fraud, (b) wage theft/money owed, (c) consumer fraud, (d) imposter schemes, and (e) manipulation by a trusted person. Themes emerged around perceived causes: (a) element of trust, (b) promise of financial security, (c) lack of experience or awareness, (d) decision-making, and (e) interpersonal dynamics. Perceived consequences included negative and positive impacts around (a) finances, (b) financial/consumer berhaviors, (c) relationships and trust, (d) emotional impact, and (e) future outlook. These narratives provide important insights into perceived financial exploitation and experiences.
THE CAREGIVER IDENTITY IN CONTEXT: CONSEQUENCES OF IDENTITY THREAT FROM SIBLINGS
Authors: Rurka Marissa , Suitor J Jill , Gilligan Megan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We draw from theories of identity and stress to examine the impact that siblings have on caregivers’ psychological well-being. Using data collected from 404 caregivers nested in 231 families as part of the Within-Family Differences Study, we conduct mediation analyses to examine whether perceived sibling criticisms are associated with caregivers’ depressive symptoms (a) directly and/or (b) indirectly through sibling tension. Qualitative data from the same caregivers give insight into the processes underlying statistical associations. We found an indirect relationship whereby perceived sibling criticisms were associated with greater sibling tension, which in turn was associated with higher depressive symptoms. Qualitative interviews show that efforts to mitigate the negative impact of sibling criticisms can lead to caregiver strategies that fuel sibling tension. These findings demonstrate how identity processes, as well as the family networks in which caregiving takes place, shape the experiences and consequences of parent care.
MULTIDIMENSIONAL CONSTRUCTS OF SLEEP IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Kaufmann Christopher , Stone Katie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sleep disturbances are common in older adults and are associated with a variety of adverse mental and physical health outcomes. While most studies have characterized sleep based on a single dimension of sleep (typically sleep duration or self-reported sleep quality), there is a growing paradigm shift to characterize “Sleep Health” as multidimensional. More research is needed to identify the clinical utility of a multidimensional approach to characterizing sleep specifically in older adults. In this symposium, we will present five studies that explore how multidimensional Sleep Health relates to age-related health outcomes (e.g., fall risk). Our first presentation will identify associations between subjective/objective sleep quality and physical activity, and examine the moderating role of chronotype. Second, we will examine the extent to which a multidimensional index of Sleep Health and its individual dimensions relate to fall risk. Third, we will ascertain the impact of mindfulness on various Sleep Health dimensions. Fourth, we will identify the extent to which discordance in subjective and objective sleep metrics are related to cognitive functioning. Finally, we will explore how the accumulation of disturbances in Sleep Health may increase risk for early mortality. Findings from this symposium will highlight the clinical relevance of a multidimensional approach to Sleep Health in older adults, and identify the ways in which sleep interventions can be tailored to specific sleep dimensions to promote health in later life.
FOCUS ON PRESENT MOMENT FOR YOUR SLEEP: MINDFULNESS PROMOTES MID-LIFE ADULTS' SLEEP HEALTH
Authors: Smith Claire , Mu Christina , Venetto Angelina , Khan Arooj , Lee Soomi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sleep health during midlife sets the stage for health over the lifespan. Mindfulness, or present-moment awareness and attention, is shown to benefit sleep, yet mechanisms explaining these benefits are missing. Applying self-regulation theory, we test affective and cognitivemechanisms linking mindfulness to quantitative and qualitative sleep health. Across two independent samples of nurses (N1=60; N2=84), ecological momentary assessment (measuring mindfulness, sleep quality and sufficiency, positive and negative affect, and rumination) and actigraphy (sleep duration and wake-after-sleep-onset [WASO]) were collected over fourteen days. Multilevel mediation revealed that, between people, mindfulness generally associated with better sleep quality and sufficiency, mediated by lower rumination and negative affect. Within people, daily mindfulness associated with better sleep sufficiency, mediated by higher positive affect. Our findings position mindfulness as an emotional and cognitive self-regulation strategy that promotes midlife adults’ qualitative – but not quantitative -- sleep health. Results may inform health interventions during this pivotal life stage.
SOCIAL RESOURCES, COGNITION, AND MENTAL HEALTH DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Hawkley Louise , Finch Laura , Waite Linda , Compernolle Ellen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study assesses the extent to which changes in mental health among older adults from pre- to during the pandemic varied by cognitive functioning and the role that decreases in social resources played in this association. We use data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP)—a population-based panel study of older U.S. adults that has surveyed respondents every 5 years since 2005—and the NSHAP COVID-19 supplement, conducted between September 2020 and January 2021 (N=2,672). Results from linear regression models suggest that (1) higher cognitive functioning in 2015 was associated with greater loneliness (β=-0.03; p&lt;.05) during the pandemic; (2) this association is explained in part by a decrease in emotional support during COVID-19 (β=0.94; p&lt;.001); and (3) cognitive status did not moderate links between social resources with happiness nor loneliness. Results emphasize the importance of social resources for older adults’ mental health, regardless of cognitive ability.
PHYSICAL FUNCTION AMONG OLDER ADULTS AND CAREGIVERSARTHRITIS AMONG CAREGIVERS—BRFSS 2017, 2019
Authors: Jackson Eva , Boring Michael , McGuire Lisa , Omura John , Olivari Benjamin , Odom Erica , Croft Janet 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Unpaid caregivers are people who provide support to a family member or friend with a health condition or disability. While there are benefits to caregiving, it can negatively affect caregivers’ physical and mental health. Arthritis and caregiving affect 58.5 million and 53 million U.S. adults, respectively, and these numbers are expected to increase with increasing numbers of older adults. Little is known about the experience of caregivers with arthritis.Data from the 2017 and 2019 BRFSS were combined for all states that administered the optional Caregiving and the core Arthritis modules (17 states; n=91,224). Analyses accounted for the complex sampling design using SUDAAN (version 11.0; RTI International). Statistical significance was determined at α=0.05.Overall, 20.6% of respondents were caregivers, among whom 35.1% had arthritis compared with 24.5% of non-caregivers (p &lt; 0.001). Arthritis among caregivers was higher in all 17 states compared to non-caregivers. Among adults with arthritis, caregivers were more likely to be younger, female, White, and more physically active than non-caregivers. Caregivers were also more likely to experience arthritis-related activity and work limitations than non-caregivers. Arthritis-related limitation outcomes varied at the individual state levels.Among caregivers, those with arthritis provided more care in weekly hours and duration (years) and were more likely to report difficulty walking or climbing stairs, dressing or bathing, and doing errands alone than caregivers without arthritis. Given the disparities between caregivers with and without arthritis, it is crucial for public health to collect data on the experience of caregivers with arthritis.
WHO GETS HELP? A NATIONAL LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF PERSONAL NETWORKS AND PANDEMIC SUPPORT AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Copeland Molly , Liu Hui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Personal networks are a key component in the provision of social support for older adults. Such support is particularly critical during the COVID-19 pandemic, when traditional avenues of social engagement or assistance are disrupted. Here, we use nationally representative data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project that assesses older adults’ pre-pandemic personal networks and receiving instrumental help and emotional support during the pandemic. We find that larger pre-pandemic confidant networks predict higher odds of receiving needed help and support, higher odds of receiving help and support more often than before the pandemic, and lower odds of being unable to get help. Denser pre-pandemic networks also predict higher odds of receiving instrumental help and support during the pandemic, while having a greater proportion of kin in pre-pandemic networks predicts higher odds of receiving pandemic help for non-white older adults only. Together, results suggest that features of older adults’ pre-pandemic confidant network structure and composition can provide underlying conditions for receiving social support during the pandemic.
REACHING THE LIMIT: CENTENARIANS IN THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY
Authors: Martin Peter , Ailshire Jennifer 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Although life expectancy has increased significantly over the last century, it is still unlikely that individuals reach the century mark of their lives. As a result, it is difficult to study a large enough sample of centenarian survivors; it is even more difficult to follow developmental trajectories of those who survive into very late life. The AHEAD sample of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) contains longitudinal data of older adults who first participated in 1993. More than 500 HRS participants survived to at least 98 years of age. In this symposium, we present three uses of the data: first, we compare centenarians to older adults who did not survive into their nineties. Second, we compare different cohorts of centenarians with regard to health and psychosocial behavior. Third, we follow participants from their eighties to 100 years of age. The first presentation provides an overview of the HRS subsample. The second presentation highlights the personality profiles of centenarians. The third presentation traces health and psychological well-being among centenarians in the HRS. Finally, we discuss trajectories of cognition and functional limitations for three cohorts of centenarians. The results provide important information for policies and practical implications for families and service providers to older adults, highlighting available resources and health and well-being changes in very late life.
THE TRAJECTORIES OF COGNITION AND FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS OF CENTENARIAN SURVIVORS
Authors: Lee Gina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore cohort differences in the trajectories of cognition and functional limitations among oldest-old adults. Using 1992-2018 data from the Health and Retirement Study, participants included those who survived to at least 98 years (N=494). The study included three cohorts (i.e., 1890-1900, 1901-1910, and 1911-1920) predicting intercept and slope of cognition and functional limitations. Two separate latent growth curve models were computed, and models of cognition, χ2(5)=6.935, p=.226 and functional limitation, χ2(7)=7.743, p=.35 fit the data well. There was a significant decline in cognition levels and a significant increase in functional limitation over time. When adding cohort, results indicated that older cohorts were more likely to have a decrease in cognition and increase in functional limitations compared with the younger cohort. Future research should investigate trajectories of other health variables for a better understanding of health changes of centenarians.
ENROLLING PARTICIPANTS WITH DEMENTIA IN A RURAL SETTING: GEISINGER RECRUITMENT STRATEGIES FOR D-CARE
Authors: Lichtenstein Maya , Borek Pamela , Ladd Ilene 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Geisinger Health System serves a large, geographically stable population in central and northeast Pennsylvania and was chosen to participate in D-CARE due to its rural population, which is often under-represented. To reach potential participants, we used a multi-pronged recruitment approach including local radio, television, and newspaper advertisement; publication in a health system newsletter targeted to 55+; outreach to senior-care managers and primary care providers to encourage referrals; and leveraged an extensive electronic health record (EHR) database to identify a pool of almost 9,000 potential participants. Initial barriers to enrollment stemmed from geographic challenges and the dyad’s inability and/or unwillingness to travel long distances to lengthy in-clinic appointments. A post-pandemic transition to virtual visits helped ease the travel burden and increase study enrollment. Despite varied recruitment strategies, by far the most effective recruitment method remained direct referrals of patients and caregivers with whom the provider had discussed the D-CARE study.