bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Layering Segregation in Life and Death: The Social and Environmental Character of the Bois Marchand Cemetery, Mauritius
Authors: Čaval Saša 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Bois Marchand Cemetery in Mauritius was established in 1867 in response to the massive death toll exerted by a disastrous malaria epidemic that swept the island between 1866 and 1868. As all the aspects of Mauritian society are represented in the cemetery’s necrogeography, the still-active burial ground offers an ideal setting to examine life and death during the Indenture Period of the island’s history. This article examines the development, organization, environmental factors, and ecological aspects of this vast burial ground in view of the development of public health care and management.
Valuing the Contributions of Family Caregivers to the Care Economy
Authors: Fast Janet , Duncan Karen A. , Keating Norah C. , Kim Choong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to estimate the monetary value of Canadians’ family care work, to highlight inequalities within the family care sector and place this work within the care economy. Using Statistics Canada’s 2018 General Social Survey, we estimated the replacement cost of the 5.7 billion hours of respondents’ care work at between $97.1 billion and $112.7 billion. We used descriptive, backward stepwise regression and dominance analyses to examine the distribution of care responsibilities among caregivers. Caregivers comprised 22.1% of the sample (6.8 million Canadians). Living arrangement explained most (81-83%) of the variance in the value of unpaid care work, followed by generation (14-15%), income (2%) and gender (1-2%). These findings provide powerful evidence of the economic value of family care work and of the inequalities among family caregivers in the magnitude of their contributions. Monetizing the value of family care makes it more visible, locates it in the context of the broader care economy and establishes its relationship to the much more visible and valued realm of paid care work. This contextualization also responds to global action plans and resolutions urging governments to create systems of long-term and continuing care for people with chronic conditions and disabilities rather than imposing sole responsibility on unpaid caregivers.
SFRP1 Expression is Inversely Associated With Metastasis Formation in Canine Mammary Tumours
Authors: Seitz Judith , Bilsland Alan , Puget Chloé , Baasner Ian , Klopfleisch Robert , Stein Torsten 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are the most frequent tumours in intact female dogs and show strong similarities with human breast cancer. In contrast to the human disease there are no standardised diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers available to guide treatment. We recently identified a prognostic 18-gene RNA signature that could stratify human breast cancer patients into groups with significantly different risk of distant metastasis formation. Here, we assessed whether expression patterns of these RNAs were also associated with canine tumour progression.

Method
A sequential forward feature selection process was performed on a previously published microarray dataset of 27 CMTs with and without lymph node (LN) metastases to identify RNAs with significantly differential expression to identify prognostic genes within the 18-gene signature. Using an independent set of 33 newly identified archival CMTs, we compared expression of the identified prognostic subset on RNA and protein basis using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry on FFPE-tissue sections.

Results
While the 18-gene signature as a whole did not have any prognostic power, a subset of three RNAs: Col13a1, Spock2, and Sfrp1, together completely separated CMTs with and without LN metastasis in the microarray set. However, in the new independent set assessed by RT-qPCR, only the Wnt-antagonist Sfrp1 showed significantly increased mRNA abundance in CMTs without LN metastases on its own (p = 0.013) in logistic regression analysis. This correlated with stronger SFRP1 protein staining intensity of the myoepithelium and/or stroma (p < 0.001). SFRP1 staining, as well as β-catenin membrane staining, was significantly associated with negative LN status (p = 0.010 and 0.014 respectively). However, SFRP1 did not correlate with β-catenin membrane staining (p = 0.14).

Conclusion
The study identified SFRP1 as a potential biomarker for metastasis formation in CMTs, but lack of SFRP1 was not associated with reduced membrane-localisation of β-catenin in CMTs.
The role of endocrine disruptors in female infertility
Authors: Silva Ana Beatriz P. , Carreiró Filipa , Ramos Fernando , Sanches-Silva Ana 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
According to the World Health Organization, infertility is a public health problem that affects around 48 million couples and 186 million individuals worldwide. Endocrine disruptors are one of the causes that raise more concern, given that it is a problem that has evolved with the progress of society. Many chemicals are used by food industry, entering food chain, and directly affecting human health. Endocrine disruptors have the capacity of interfering with the normal hormonal action, metabolism, and biosynthesis, which can lead to a variation of the normal hormonal homeostasis. Some of these endocrine disruptors are highly associated with diseases that are positively correlated with female infertility, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, irregular menstrual cycle and also disturbances on processes as steroidogenesis and development of the ovarian follicles.

Results
The present literature review covers various aspects of the possible relationship between endocrine disruptors and female infertility. Bisphenol A and its metabolites, phthalates, dioxins, organochlorine, and organophosphate compounds are groups of chemicals considered to have the capacity to disrupt endocrine activity and herein addressed. The results reported in in vivo studies and in clinical trials addressing endocrine disruptors and female infertility were discussed as well as their possible mechanism of action.

Conclusions
Large, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials are needed to better understand the mechanisms of action of endocrine disruptors in female infertility, as well as the doses and frequency of exposure responsible for it.
A review on visual privacy preservation techniques for active and assisted living
Authors: Ravi Siddharth , Climent-Pérez Pau , Florez-Revuelta Francisco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper reviews the state of the art in visual privacy protection techniques, with particular attention paid to techniques applicable to the field of Active and Assisted Living (AAL). A novel taxonomy with which state-of-the-art visual privacy protection methods can be classified is introduced. Perceptual obfuscation methods, a category in this taxonomy, is highlighted. These are a category of visual privacy preservation techniques, particularly relevant when considering scenarios that come under video-based AAL monitoring. Obfuscation against machine learning models is also explored. A high-level classification scheme of privacy by design, as defined by experts in privacy and data protection law, is connected to the proposed taxonomy of visual privacy preservation techniques. Finally, we note open questions that exist in the field and introduce the reader to some exciting avenues for future research in the area of visual privacy.
EmoMatchSpanishDB: study of speech emotion recognition machine learning models in a new Spanish elicited database
Authors: Garcia-Cuesta Esteban , Salvador Antonio Barba , Pãez Diego Gachet 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper we present a new speech emotion dataset on Spanish. The database is created using an elicited approach and is composed by fifty non-actors expressing the Ekman’s six basic emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise, plus neutral tone. This article describes how this database has been created from the recording step to the performed crowdsourcing perception test step. The crowdsourcing has facilitated to statistically validate the emotion of each collected audio sample and also to filter noisy data samples. Hence we obtained two datasets EmoSpanishDB and EmoMatchSpanishDB. The first includes those recorded audios that had consensus during the crowdsourcing process. The second selects from EmoSpanishDB only those audios whose emotion also matches with the originally elicited. Last, we present a baseline comparative study between different state of the art machine learning techniques in terms of accuracy, precision, and recall for both datasets. The results obtained for EmoMatchSpanishDB improves the ones obtained for EmoSpanishDB and thereof, we recommend to follow the methodology that was used for the creation of emotional databases.
Nowcasting from space: tropical cyclones’ impacts on Fiji’s agriculture
Authors: Noy Ilan , Blanc Elodie , Pundit Madhavi , Uher Tomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGround-based disaster damage assessments typically take the form of a team of experts being sent to the affected areas to conduct a survey. This approach is time-consuming, difficult, and costly. An alternative to this is an assessment based on satellite data, which can provide faster, cheaper, and possibly accurate insights into disaster’s specific impacts. An even timelier option of disaster ‘nowcasting’ is supposed to inform on impacts during or very shortly after the event. Typically, this has been done using risk models, but these usually do not account for compounding and cascading effects. We propose a novel nowcasting approach for tropical cyclones employing pre-existing socio-economic and demographic data and calibrated with satellite data. The method could be used to assess cyclone impacts based only on its known trajectory, and even before post-event satellite imagery is available. We investigate the feasibility of this approach focusing on Fiji and its agricultural sector. We link remote sensing data with available household surveys and the agricultural census data to identify potential correlates of vegetation damage from cyclones. If robust enough, these correlates could later be used for nowcasting cyclone impacts. We show that remote sensing data, when combined with pre-event socio-economic and demographic data, can be used for both nowcasting and post-disaster damage assessments.
The real cost of teaching in a refugee camp: Asking the difficult questions
Authors: Carron Djemila , Costa Alessandra , Do Sul Tatiana , O’Keeffe Paul , Ngabirano Maxim , Radjabu Assani 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article asks difficult questions about higher-education courses provided by Western institutions to people living in refugee camps. It critically examines a blended-learning approach that incorporates a massive online open course (MOOC) into a scaffolded higher-education program—the University of Geneva’s Connected Blended Learning model—in the Kakuma refugee camp. It assesses the effectiveness of this approach in an accredited University of Geneva human-rights law course, which ran in the Kakuma camp from 2017 to 2020. On the basis of the long experience of the course leaders and research carried out with students who participated in the course, the article explores ways of improving this model by answering difficult questions about the real cost of teaching in a refugee camp. This paper was co-written by a professor, a researcher, and students who were involved in the course, two of whom are refugees living in Kakuma refugee camp.
Salicylate- and Noise-induced Tinnitus. Different Mechanisms Producing the same Result? An Experimental Model
Authors: Pavlidis Pavlos , Papadopoulou Kyriaki , Tseriotis Vasilis Spyridon , Karachrysafi Sophia , Sardeli Chrysanthi , Gouveris Haralampos , Papamitsou Theodora , Sioga Antonia , Kouvelas Dimitrios 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurpose: Tinnitus, the generation of phantom sounds, can be the result of noise exposure, however, understanding of its underlying mechanisms is limited. Purpose of the study was is to determine whether different concentrations of salicylate can cause tinnitus of different intensity. Methods: For the purposes of this study 50 male Wistar rats were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups (10 rats in each group). The animals that did not receive any substance were allocated to the control group (Group A). The second group (Group B) of rats received salicylate (Sigma Aldrich) intraperitoneally for 7 days (300 mg/Kg/day). The 3rd group (Group C) received salicylate intraperitoneally for 7 days, but at twice the concentration of the animals in the second group (600 mg/kg/d). The 4th group (Group D) simultaneously received salicylate (300 mg/Kg/day) and pure Memantine (Sigma Aldrich, 10 mg/kg/d) intraperitoneally for 7 days. The 5th group (Group E) did not receive any substance but was exposed for 168 consecutive hours (7 days) to sound to induce tinnitus. Cochlear activity was evaluated with the use of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs). At the end of the experimental period, the animals were sacrificed, and the right cochlea was removed and prepared for further histological and immunohistochemical studies. Results: The DPOAEs of animals treated either with salicylate as monotherapy or salicylate combined with memantine were indistinguishable from the noise floor, did not differ significantly compared to the animals of the control group or those expose to constant noise. The cochlear structures of Group E remained anatomically and functionally unaffected from the exposure to constant noise. Memantine does not seem to offer substantial protection to the cochlear structures, according to histological examination and hearing tests, however, the rats receiving it exhibited better results in behavioral tests. Conclusions: The administration of memantine does not contribute significantly to the reduction of tinnitus.
Advances in friction of aluminium alloy deep drawing
Authors: Gao Yiren , Li Hongxia , Zhao Danyang , Wang Minjie , Fan Xiaobo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBroad use of lightweight aluminium alloy parts in automobile manufacturing, aerospace, electronic communication, and rail transit is mainly formed through deep drawing process. Deep drawing friction is a key boundary condition for controlling the forming quality of aluminium alloy parts. However, due to the oxidation and adhesion tendency of aluminium alloys, the tribological situations of aluminium alloy deep drawing (AADD) system is more complicated than those of traditional deep drawing of steel sheets. Therefore, the study of AADD friction is essential for manufacturing high-performance aluminium alloy parts. Herein, aiming to provide a valuable reference for researchers in related fields, a comprehensive review of AADD friction is provided, including friction mechanism, influencing factors, friction measurement, friction model, friction simulation, and lubrication-free friction control. Finally, a brief conclusion and several current challenges were discussed.
In-situ formation of nitrogen doped microporous carbon nanospheres derived from polystyrene as lubricant additives for anti-wear and friction reduction
Authors: Wang Yixin , Lu Qi , Xie Huijie , Liu Shujuan , Ye Qian , Zhou Feng , Liu Weimin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study presents a nitrogen-doped microporous carbon nanospheres (N@MCNs) prepared by a facile polymerization–carbonization process using low-cost styrene. The N element in situ introduces polystyrene (PS) nanospheres via emulsion polymerization of styrene with cyanuric chloride as crosslinking agent, and then carbonization obtains N@MCNs. The as-prepared carbon nanospheres possess the complete spherical structure and adjustable nitrogen amount by controlling the relative proportion of tetrachloromethane and cyanuric chloride. The friction performance of N@MCNs as lubricating oil additives was surveyed utilizing the friction experiment of ball-disc structure. The results showed that N@MCNs exhibit superb reduction performance of friction and wear. When the addition of N@MCNs was 0.06 wt%, the friction coefficient of PAO-10 decreased from 0.188 to 0.105, and the wear volume reduced by 94.4%. The width and depth of wear marks of N@MCNs decreased by 49.2% and 94.5%, respectively. The carrying capacity of load was rocketed from 100 to 400 N concurrently. Through the analysis of the lubrication mechanism, the result manifested that the prepared N@MCNs enter clearance of the friction pair, transform the sliding friction into the mixed friction of sliding and rolling, and repair the contact surface through the repair effect. Furthermore, the tribochemical reaction between nanoparticles and friction pairs forms a protective film containing nitride and metal oxides, which can avert direct contact with the matrix and improve the tribological properties. This experiment showed that nitrogen-doped polystyrene-based carbon nanospheres prepared by in-situ doping are the promising materials for wear resistance and reducing friction. This preparing method can be ulteriorly expanded to multi-element co-permeable materials. Nitrogen and boron co-doped carbon nanospheres (B,N@MCNs) were prepared by mixed carbonization of N-enriched PS and boric acid, and exhibited high load carrying capacity and good tribological properties.
Sound-based sleep assessment with controllable subject-dependent embedding using Variational Domain Adversarial Neural Network
Authors: Fukui Ken-ichi , Ishimaru Shunya , Kato Takafumi , Numao Masayuki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSleep quality assessment as an indicator of daily health care plays an important role in our physiological and mental activity. Sound during sleep contains rich information on biological activities, such as body movement, snoring, and sleep bruxism. However, sound features differ depending on individual and environmental differences. In order to develop a wide-rage applicable daily sleep assessment, this paper utilizes deep learning to ease individual and environmental differences of sound features. Firstly, by Variational Domain Adversarial Neural Network (VDANN) encodes sound events into latent representation, simultaneously eliminates subject-dependent features. Then, sleep pattern in the obtained latent space is trained by Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) with associated sleep assessment of one night. We performed age group estimation from normal sleep as an objective indicator of sleep comparing to their age group. The experiment with more than 100 subjects showed that VDANN is able to extract subject independent features, and the proposed method outperforms the conventional method for age group estimation from sleep sound even for new subjects. In addition, our model is able to personalize by controlling subject-dependent embedding when after data accumulation of the subject.
Students’ attitudes towards the environment and marine litter in the context of a coastal water quality educational citizen science project
Authors: Araújo José Luís , Morais Carla , Paiva João Carlos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research focus on the evaluation of the impact on students’ attitudes towards the environment, fostered by their involvement in an educational citizen science project related to the monitoring of physicochemical properties and the detection of (micro)plastics in Portuguese coastal waters. We developed an attitude scale, comprising four dimensions (Collective, Personal, Recycling and Reuse and Microplastics), which was applied, as a pre-test and post-test, to 574 middle school students (aged 12–14): 442 in the experimental group and 132 in the control group. Initially, based on pre-test results, both groups revealed positive attitudes. In the experimental group, the post-test results revealed that significantly positive attitude changes were promoted in all dimensions, whereas, in the control group, this occurred only in the Personal dimension. The control group also exhibited significantly negative attitude changes in the collective dimension. Students’ engagement in sustainability-related citizen science projects can enhance environmentally literate society.
Optimal commissions and subscriptions in mutual aid platforms
Authors: Zhao Yixing , Zeng Yan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates an operation mechanism for mutual aid platforms to develop more sustainably and profitably. A mutual aid platform is an online risk-sharing platform for risk-heterogeneous participants, and the platform extracts revenues by charging participants commission and subscription fees. A modeling framework is proposed to identify the optimal commissions and subscriptions for mutual aid platforms. Participants are divided into different types based on their loss probabilities and values derived from the platform. We present how these commissions and subscriptions should be set in a mutual aid plan to maximize the platform’s revenues. Our analysis emphasized the importance of accounting for risk heterogeneity in mutual aid platforms. Specifically, different types of participants should be charged different commissions/subscriptions depending on their loss probabilities and values on the platform. Participants’ shared costs should be determined based on their loss probabilities. Adverse selection occurs on the platform if participants with different risks pay the same shared costs. Our results also show that the platform’s maximum revenue will be lower if the platform charges the same fee to all participants. The numerical results of a practical example illustrate that the optimal commission/subscription scheme and risk-sharing rule result in considerable improvements in platform revenue over the current scheme implemented by the platform.
Personalised ecology and the future of biodiversity
Authors: Gaston Kevin J. , Phillips Benjamin B. , Soga Masashi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The future of biodiversity lies not just in the strategies and mechanisms by which ecosystems and species are practically best protected from anthropogenic pressures. It lies also, and perhaps foremost, in the many billions of decisions that people make that, intentionally or otherwise, shape their impact on nature and the conservation policies and interventions that are implemented. Personalised ecology – the set of direct sensory interactions that each of us has with nature – is one important consideration in understanding the decisions that people make. Indeed, it has long been argued that people’s personalised ecologies have powerful implications, as captured in such concepts as biophilia, extinction of experience and shifting baselines. In this paper, we briefly review the connections between personalised ecology and the future of biodiversity, and the ways in which personalised ecologies might usefully be enhanced to improve that future.
Sparse analytic systems
Authors: Cody Brent , Cox Sean , Lee Kayla 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Erdős [7] proved that the Continuum Hypothesis (CH) is equivalent to the existence of an uncountable family

$\mathcal {F}$

of (real or complex) analytic functions, such that

$\big \{ f(x) \ : \ f \in \mathcal {F} \big \}$

is countable for every x. We strengthen Erdős’ result by proving that CH is equivalent to the existence of what we call sparse analytic systems of functions. We use such systems to construct, assuming CH, an equivalence relation

$\sim $

on

$\mathbb {R}$

such that any ‘analytic-anonymous’ attempt to predict the map

$x \mapsto [x]_\sim $

must fail almost everywhere. This provides a consistently negative answer to a question of Bajpai-Velleman [2].