bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-guided flexor sheath block as a valid alternative to blind techniques for finger pain treatment: the horseshoe sign
Authors: Fioccola Antonio , Skerritt Conor John 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe flexor sheath digital block allows effective analgesia and anesthesia for finger pain control. To date, only blind techniques are described in the literature in patients with finger fractures, supposedly due to the superficial position of the structures used as landmarks. We describe an ultrasound-guided technique with a definite endpoint to achieve this block. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical application of this procedure.MethodsWe performed a preoperative ultrasound-guided flexor sheath digital block on a young patient with a proximal phalanx fracture, undergoing an osteotomy with plate placement. After performing the block, opioid-free general anesthesia was performed. A “hockey-stick” ultrasound probe and 1.5 mL of 0.5% levobupivacaine were used to infiltrate the flexor sheath. The “horseshoe sign” was our visual endpoint for successful block performance.ResultsAt the time of surgical incision, there was no hemodynamic response. No opioids were administered during the case or in the recovery room, and the patient’s pain scores in recovery and at discharge were 0/10 on the Numerical Rating Scale. No complications were observed or reported.ConclusionsThe ultrasound-guided flexor digital sheath block is a valid alternative to the blind technique, allowing direct visualization and, thereby, confirming transthecal injection of the local anesthetic. The continuously increasing availability of ultrasound machines in emergency departments and operating theaters may encourage the spread of this technique.
Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of late Early Jurassic complex in Qinsai, Hainan Island, South China Sea
Authors: Xu Zhongjie , Kong Jintao , Sun Ningchen , Cheng Rihui , Zhang Li 
Published: March 2023

Whole-rock geochemical and U–Pb–Hf isotopic data were used to investigate the age, petrogenesis, and tectonic setting of a suite of gabbro–diorite–monzonite–syenite rock exposed in Qinsai area, Hainan Island. Zircon U–Pb dating shows that the gabbro and monzonite, respectively, crystallized at 179.5 ± 2.7 and 179.0 ± 2.3 Ma. The suite consists of shoshonitic alkaline intrusive rocks with SiO2content ranging from 41.7 to 63.4 wt%, with high U, K, and Pb and low Nb, Ta, and Ti. The suite is enriched in light rare earth elements relative to heavy rare earth elements. The gabbro has no obvious Eu anomaly but a positive Eu anomaly is evident in intermediate rocks. Zircon εHf( t) values are positive and have a wide variation (gabbro εHf( t) = +5.2 ± 8.2, monzonite εHf( t) = +4.7 ± 7.1). Gabbro and syenite are both likely derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle that was metasomatized by subduction fluids. Syenite evolved from the differentiation of gabbro, monzonite, and diorite. Collectively, these intrusive rocks formed in an extensional regime within an arc formed by subduction of the ancient Pacific plate beneath the Asian margin, which was accompanied by extensional thinning of the lithosphere.
Visceral Aneurysms: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Endovascular Versus Open Repair
Authors: Rebelo Artur , Ronellenfitsch Ulrich , Partsakhashvili Jumber , Kleeff Jörg , John Endres , Ukkat Jörg 
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the outcome of open surgery (OS) and endovascular repair (ER) for the treatment of visceral artery aneurysms (VAA). A systematic literature search was carried out. 25 comparative cohort studies with 4447 patients (2469 OS and 1978 ER) were included in the meta-analysis. Mortality (ER vs OS 1.8% vs 2.1%, OR .77, 95% CI [.51; 1.17], P = .23) and technical success rates (97% vs 98%, OR .50, 95% CI [.21; 1.16], P = .11) were comparable between both groups. Lower mortality rates for ER were observed for ruptured aneurysms (4.1% vs 31%, OR .43 95% CI [.13; 1.43], P = .17). Length of stay was shorter (mean difference −4.25 days, 95% CI [−5.52; −2.98], P < .00001) and 1-year reintervention rates were higher in the ER group (9% vs 5%, OR 1.55 95% CI [.58; 4.12], P = .38. The presented evidence suggests that ER should be considered a first-line treatment for VAAs, especially in an emergency setting, due to lower morbidity and comparable mortality and technical success. Follow-up should be offered to these patients due to the higher reintervention rates. Systematic review registration PROSPERO ID 348699
Timely adherence to follow-up after high-risk lung cancer screenings
Authors: Kee Dustin , Sigel Keith M. , Wisnivesky Juan P. , Kale Minal S. 
Published: March 2023

Objective To achieve the lung cancer screening (LCS) mortality benefit in clinical trials, timely, real-world follow-up of abnormal test results is necessary. Presently, annual LCS rates are lower than in trials, and adherence to follow-up after suspicious findings has not been well studied. This study examined timely adherence to follow-up recommendations after positive low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screenings. Methods This retrospective study included individuals from two academic primary care practices in New York City who met United States Preventative Services Task Force LCS eligibility and had a positive LDCT scan between 2013 and 2020. They were recommended for shorter interval follow-up repeat computed tomography (CT), CT biopsy, or positron emission tomography/CT. Adherence was completion of the prescribed imaging by 15 days after the recommended 7-, 30-, and 90-day follow-up and by 30 days after the 180-day recommended follow-up. Results Among 106 individuals with a positive LDCT scan, 64 (60%) were adherent to follow-up recommendations. Adherence was 72%, 63%, and 42% for recommended follow-ups of 30, 90, and 180 days, respectively. Being male was a predictor of a lower adherence rate. Among 23 individuals newly diagnosed with lung cancer after a positive LDCT scan, 83% were adherent to follow-up testing and 82% of cancers were Stage 1A or limited stage. Conclusions There was variable adherence to the LCS follow-up recommendations despite positive screening CT, suggesting that even in a well-established screening program there may not be an efficient, systematic approach for follow-up. The delays in repeat testing potentially undermine the benefits of early detection.
Girls With Social and/or Attention Deficit Re-Examined in Young Adulthood: Prospective Study of Diagnostic Stability, Daily Life Functioning and Social Situation
Authors: Kopp Svenny , Asztély Karin Susanna , Landberg Sara , Waern Margda , Bergman Stefan , Gillberg Christopher 
Published: March 2023

Objective: Investigate diagnostic stability, daily life functioning and social situation in women diagnosed with ADHD and/or ASD in childhood. Methods: Prospective 17 to 20-year follow-up study of 100 girls of whom 92 diagnosed in childhood with main DSM-IV ADHD or ASD, and 60 comparison girls. Ninety and 54 of these women were examined ( M = 27, 4 years old) with semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, close relatives were interviewed. Results: At follow-up, 89% of women with ADHD or ASD in childhood still met the criteria for either of these diagnoses. Very few women were “in remission.” In 34% the main diagnosis shifted from ADHD to ASD. Women with ADHD and ASD had significantly more disability and unfavorable social situation than comparison women. Conclusion: Women with ADHD and/or ASD in childhood had impairing problems 17 to 20 years later. Early ADHD changed to ASD in adulthood in some cases. Nearly all with ASD met criteria for ADHD as adults.
4-Octyl itaconate attenuates glycemic deterioration by regulating macrophage polarization in mouse models of type 1 diabetes
Authors: He Sunyue , Zhao Yuchen , Wang Guoxing , Ke Qiaofang , Wu Nan , Lu Lusi , Wu Jiahua , Sun Shuiya , Jin Weihua , Zhang Wenjing , Zhou Jiaqiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic beta cell dysfunction and activated macrophage infiltration are early features in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. A tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolite that can strongly activate NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in macrophages, itaconate is important in a series of inflammatory-associated diseases via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, its role in type 1 diabetes is unclear. We used 4-octyl itaconate (OI), the cell-permeable itaconate derivate, to explore its preventative and therapeutic effects in mouse models of type 1 diabetes and the potential mechanism of macrophage phenotype reprogramming.

Methods
The mouse models of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes and spontaneous autoimmune diabetes were used to evaluate the preventative and therapeutic effects of OI, which were performed by measuring blood glucose, insulin level, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion, histopathology examination, flow cytometry, and islet proteomics. The protective effect and mechanism of OI were examined via peritoneal macrophages isolated from STZ-induced diabetic mice and co-cultured MIN6 cells with OI-pre-treated inflammatory macrophages in vitro. Moreover, the inflammatory status of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from type 1 diabetes patients was evaluated after OI treatment.

Results
OI ameliorated glycemic deterioration, increased systemic insulin level, and improved glucose metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic mice and non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. OI intervention significantly restored the islet insulitis and beta cell function. OI did not alter the macrophage count but significantly downregulated the proportion of M1 macrophages. Additionally, OI significantly inhibited MAPK activation in macrophages to attenuate the macrophage inflammatory response, eventually improving beta cell dysfunction in vitro. Furthermore, we detected higher IL-1β production upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation in the PBMCs from type 1 diabetes patients, which was attenuated by OI treatment.

Conclusions
These results provided the first evidence to date that OI can prevent the progression of glycemic deterioration, excessive inflammation, and beta cell dysfunction predominantly mediated by restricting macrophage M1 polarization in mouse models of type 1 diabetes.
The role of NEDD4 related HECT-type E3 ubiquitin ligases in defective autophagy in cancer cells: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives
Authors: Zhang Rui , Shi Shaoqing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe homologous to the E6-AP carboxyl terminus (HECT)-type E3 ubiquitin ligases are the selective executers in the protein ubiquitination, playing a vital role in modulation of the protein function and stability. Evidence shows the regulatory role of HECT-type E3 ligases in various steps of the autophagic process. Autophagy is an intracellular digestive and recycling process that controls the cellular hemostasis. Defective autophagy is involved in tumorigenesis and has been detected in various types of cancer cells. A growing body of findings indicates that HECT-type E3 ligases, in particular members of the neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated protein 4 (NEDD4) including NEDD4-1, NEDD4-L, SMURFs, WWPs, and ITCH, play critical roles in dysregulation or dysfunction of autophagy in cancer cells. The present review focuses on NEDD4 E3 ligases involved in defective autophagy in cancer cells and discusses their autophagic function in different cancer cells as well as substrates and the signaling pathways in which they participate, conferring a basis for the cancer treatment through the modulating of these E3 ligases.
Determining the changes in metabolites of Dendrobium officinale juice fermented with starter cultures containing Saccharomycopsis fibuligera FBKL2.8DCJS1 and Lactobacillus paracasei FBKL1.3028 through untargeted metabolomics
Authors: Liu Wanlin , Luo Xiaoye , Qiu Shuyi , Huang Wu , Su Yanan , LI Linling 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The present study aimed to investigate the changes in volatile components and metabolites of Dendrobium officinale (D. officinale) juice fermented with starter cultures containing Saccharomycopsis fibuligera and Lactobacillus paracasei at 28 ℃ for 15 days and post-ripened at 4 ℃ for 30 days using untargeted metabolomics of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography (HS–SPME–GC–MS) before and after fermentation.

Results
The results showed that the alcohol contents in the S. fibuligera group before fermentation and after fermentation were 444.806 ± 10.310 μg/mL and 510.999 ± 38.431 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the alcohol content in the fermentation broth group inoculated with the co-culture of L. paracasei + S. fibuligera was 504.758 ± 77.914 μg/mL, containing a significant amount of 3-Methyl-1-butanol, Linalool, Phenylethyl alcohol, and 2-Methyl-1-propanol. Moreover, the Ethyl L (-)-lactate content was higher in the co-culture of L. paracasei + S. fibuligera group (7.718 ± 6.668 μg/mL) than in the L. paracasei (2.798 ± 0.443 μg/mL) and S. fibuligera monoculture groups (0 μg/mL). The co-culture of L. paracasei + S. fibuligera significantly promoted the metabolic production of ethyl L (-)-lactate in D. officinale juice. The differential metabolites screened after fermentation mainly included alcohols, organic acids, amino acids, nucleic acids, and their derivatives. Twenty-three metabolites, including 11 types of acids, were significantly up-regulated in the ten key metabolic pathways of the co-culture group. Furthermore, the metabolic pathways, such as pentose and glucuronate interconversions, the biosynthesis of alkaloids derived from terpenoid and polyketide, and aminobenzoate degradation were significantly up-regulated in the co-culture group. These three metabolic pathways facilitate the synthesis of bioactive substances, such as terpenoids, polyketides, and phenols, and enrich the flavor composition of D. officinale juice.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that the co-culture of L. paracasei + S. fibuligera can promote the flavor harmonization of fermented products. Therefore, this study provides a theoretical basis for analyzing the flavor of D. officinale juice and the functional investigation of fermentation metabolites.
Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of MYB transcription factors in Chrysanthemum nankingense
Authors: Ai Penghui , Xue Jundong , Shi Zhongya , Liu Yuru , Li Zhongai , Li Tong , Zhao Wenqian , Khan Muhammad Ayoub , Kang Dongru , Wang Kangxiang , Wang Zicheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Chrysanthemum is a popular ornamental plant worldwide. MYB (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) transcription factors play an important role in everything from stress resistance to plant growth and development. However, the MYB family of chrysanthemums has not been the subject of a detailed bioinformatics and expression investigation.

Results
In this study, we examined 324 CnMYB transcription factors from Chrysanthemum nankingense genome data, which contained 122 Cn1R-MYB, 183 CnR2R3-MYB, 12 Cn3R-MYB, 2 Cn4R-MYB, and 5 atypical CnMYB. The protein motifs and classification of CnMYB transcription factors were analyzed. Among them, motifs 1, 2, 3, and 4 were found to encode the MYB DNA-binding domain in R2R3-MYB proteins, while in other-MYB proteins, the motifs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 encode the MYB DNA-binding domain. Among all CnMYBs, 44 genes were selected due to the presence of CpG islands, while methylation is detected in three genes, including CnMYB9, CnMYB152, and CnMYB219. We analyzed the expression levels of each CnMYB gene in ray floret, disc floret, flower bud, leaf, stem, and root tissues. Based on phylogenetic analysis and gene expression analysis, three genes appeared likely to control cellulose and lignin synthesis in stem tissue, and 16 genes appeared likely to regulate flowering time, anther, pollen development, and flower color. Fifty-one candidate genes that may be involved in stress response were identified through phylogenetic, stress-responseve motif of promoter, and qRT-PCR analyses. According to genes expression levels under stress conditions, six CnMYB genes (CnMYB9, CnMYB172, CnMYB186, CnMYB199, CnMYB219, and CnMYB152) were identified as key stress-responsive genes.

Conclusions
This research provides useful information for further functional analysis of the CnMYB gene family in chrysanthemums, as well as offers candidate genes for further study of cellulose and lignin synthesis, flowering traits, salt and drought stress mechanism.
Prehospital clinical practice guidelines for unintentional injuries: a scoping review and prioritisation process
Authors: Kuupiel Desmond , Jessani Nasreen S. , Boffa Jody , Naude Celeste , De Buck Emmy , Vandekerckhove Philippe , McCaul Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, millions of people die and many more develop disabilities resulting from injuries each year. Most people who die from injuries do so before they are transported to hospital. Thus, reliable, pragmatic, and evidence-based prehospital guidance for various injuries is essential. We systematically mapped and described prehospital clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for injuries in the global context, as well as prioritised injury topics for guidance development and adolopment.MethodsThis study was sequentially conducted in three phases: a scoping review for CPGs (Phase I), identification and refinement of gaps in CPGs (Phase II), and ranking and prioritisation of gaps in CPGs (Phase III). For Phase I, we searched PubMed, SCOPUS, and Trip Database; guideline repositories and websites up to 23rdMay 2021. Two authors in duplicate independently screened titles and abstract, and full-text as well as extracted data of eligible CPGs. Guidelines had to meet 60% minimum methodological quality according to rigour of development domain in AGREE II. The second and third phases involved 17 participants from 9 African countries and 1 from Europe who participated in a virtual stakeholder engagement workshop held on 5 April 2022, and followed by an online ranking process.ResultsFifty-eight CPGs were included out of 3,427 guidance documents obtained and screened. 39/58 (67%) were developed de novo compared to 19 that were developed using alternative approaches. Twenty-five out of 58 guidelines (43%) were developed by bodies in countries within the WHO European Region, while only one guideline was targeted to the African context. Twenty-five (43%) CPGs targeted emergency medical service providers, while 13 (22%) targeted first aid providers (laypeople). Forty-three CPGs (74%) targeted people of all ages. The 58 guidance documents contained 32 injury topics. Injuries linked to road traffic accidents such as traumatic brain injuries and chest injuries were among the top prioritised topics for future guideline development by the workshop participants.ConclusionThis study highlights the availability, gaps and priority injury topics for future guideline development/adolopment, especially for the African context. Further research is needed to evaluate the recommendations in the 58 included CPGs for possible adaptation to the African context.
Perceived barriers and facilitators for adhering to COVID-19 preventive measures in Chile: a qualitative study in three large cities
Authors: Obach Alexandra , Cabieses Báltica , Vezzani Francisca , Robledo Consuelo , Blukacz Alice , Vial Pablo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Globally, it has been reported that different social determinants of health -structural, sociodemographic, economic, living conditions and cultural factors- may affect opportunities to adhere to prevention measures against SARS-CoV-2. The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions around barriers and facilitators for adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures among the adult population residing in three large cities in Chile from a social determinants of health perspective.

Methods
Qualitative paradigm, multiple case-study design. Online semi-structured interviews were conducted with men and women aged 18 and over from different socioeconomic groups residing in three large cities. For participant recruitment and selection, purposive contacts were made based on community and social media networks, followed by snowball sampling. Saturation was reached at 61 participants, after which a thematic analysis was carried out with the support of AtlasTi software. The Ethics Committee of the Universidad del Desarrollo in Chile approved this study.

Results
The main perceived barriers to adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures are linked to structural social determinants of health such as income, occupation, gender, access to basic supplies, and housing. Perceived facilitators are the fear of contagion and the incorporation of measures into daily habits. The social communication of preventive measures by health authorities is perceived as punitive, affecting adherence once the fear of contagion decreased in the country. It is also perceived that the recommended preventive measures are disconnected from communities’ cultural practices and people´s identity, as well as affected by gender inequities and socioeconomic conditions that stakeholders in the country do not sufficiently address.

Conclusion
Study findings suggest that adherence to preventive measures, such as social distancing, mask use, and hand washing, could be promoted through their incorporation into the daily life habits of people and communities. These measures should consider the structural social determinants that generate multiple barriers to adherence, like poverty, occupational risks, and overcrowding. Socio-cultural dimensions of health and everyday risks need further understanding among the different communities in the country, allowing for differences in viewpoints and practices based on gender, age, place, and social identity.