bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the Relation between Serum Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2) Level and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
Authors: Makhlof Mohamamed Ali Marai , Slama Mohamed Magdy , Elrahman Gada Abd , Gomaa Huda 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease, worldwide. Lipoproteinassociated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) was recently characterized as a novel inflammatory biomarker that is correlated with several components constituting the metabolic syndrome.

Aim and Objectives
to study serum levels of Lp-PLA2 in patients with NAFLD to detect its relation to the incidence and severity of NAFLD.

Subjects and Methods
This is Case Control cross -sectional clinical Study, was carried out at Internal Medicine and Hepatology outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University Hospital on 80 persons were divided into 2 groups: (Group-I): 40 patient with NAFLD as a study group, (GroupII): Forty(40) healthy subjects as a control group.

Result
There was high statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard LpPLA2.

Conclusion
The clinical use of Lp-PLA2, a biomarker for NAFLD, requires the standardization of analytical methods, characterization of analytical features, assessment of performance characteristics, incremental yield of different markers for given clinical indications, and demonstration of cost-effectiveness.
Evaluation of Culture and Sensitivity Guided Antibiotic Selection in Eradication of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Hussein Hussam Ali , Mohamed Azza Emam , Nakeeb Sara Abdel Kader , Salama Mohamed Magdy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Helicobacter pylori exhibits antibiotic resistance with regional differences. Antibiotics resistance is the main cause of eradication failure in H. pylori infection, thus our study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of standard triple therapy vs. Antibiotic -culture with susceptibility-based therapy and success rate of each in helicobacter pylori eradication.

Methods
This study was conducted on 100 patients with dyspepsia undergoing Upper GI Endoscopy in Gastroenterology department at Ain shams university hospital in the period between june2018 and june2019, the volunteered patients were divided into groups A and B. Group A patients received 2 weeks of pantoprazole 40 mg bid +two Antibiotics according to each patient’s result of culture and sensitivity, while Group B patients received 2 weeks of standard triple therapy PPI 40 mg bid + Amoxicillin 1 g bid + Clarithromycin 500 mg bid

Results
that patients of group A according to their culture and sensitivity results showed Significant increase in number of isolates sensitive to levofloxacin (26) than those resistant to it (14) with p-value 0.1(HS), Significant number of isolates resistant to clarithromycin (36) than those sensitive to it (14) with p-value o.011 and (HS), also Significant increase in number of isolate resistant to amoxicillin (40) than those sensitive to it (10) with p-value 0.003(HS) and finally significant increase in number of isolate resistant to metronidazole (40) than those sensitive to it (10) with p -value 0.003(HS). H. pylori results 4 weeks post treatment in groups A and B showed that there was a Significant number of positive helicobacter pylori patients 4 weeks post tr eatment in group B (30) than in group A (7) with p- value &lt;0.01 (HS) and Significant number of negative helicobacter pylori patients 4 weeks post treatment in group A(43) than in group B (20) with p- value &lt;0.01 (HS).

Conclusion
43 of group (A) patients (86%) showed successful helicobacter pylori eradication after culture guided antibiotic therapy. Only 20 of group (B) patients (60%) showed successful h. pylori eradication after standard triple therapy. The study showed high resistant rates of h. pylori to clarithromycin and amoxicillin and metronidazole and gradually increasing resistance against levofloxacin. Countries like Egypt seem to have a high clarithromycin resistance, and a large-scale clinical trial is needed to choose the first -line therapy for eradication of H. pylori infection.
Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori-Seropositive Subjects According to: A) The Stool Antigen Test Findings. B) Serum Pepsinogen Level. C) Upper Endoscopic Findings
Authors: Elqarmooty Khaled Zakria , Ahmed Osama Ashraf , Naguib Gina Gamal , Abdalla kabil Ibrahim Shawky 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Helicobacter pylori infection can be diagnosed by invasive methods using the gastric biopsied specimens or non-invasively by examining serum, urine, breath, or stool. Histological examination by Giemsa staining is usually recommended for the diagnosis, but it is difficult to visualize the bacterium when there is alow density of H.Pylori on the gastric mucosa with atrophic and metaplastic changes, Limitations of histological examination include increased false negative test findings due to various density of H. pylori at a different sites, high cost, long turn-around time, and inter observer variability. Therefore, in endemic countries like Egypt with s higher risk of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer, noninvasive tests need to be added for a more reliable diagnosis of H.Pylori infection.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to compare between the prevalence of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and gastric corpus atrophy in Helicobacter pyloriseropositive subjects according to the stool antigen test, serum pepsinogen(PG) level and upper endoscopic findings.

Patients and Methods
The current study represents Cross- sectional study -Descriptive -Diagnostic study. This study had been carried at Ain Shams University and Abbasia fever hospital on 80 seropositive- patients attending to endoscopy ward for a regular check-up, All patients subjected to full history, clinical examination and investigation in the form of; complete blood count, serum antiH.Pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG), stool antigen test and serum pepsinogen.

Results
The current study showed that there was a significant difference between positive and negative H. pylori regarding pepsinogen I & II and endoscopic finding regarding CAG and CSG.

Conclusion
In conclusion, there is a link between positive stool H. pylori antigen test findings and a serum PG assay and upper endoscopic findings in seropositive subjects. Positive stool H. pylori antigen test findings are common in seropositive subjects with increased serum PG I levels indicating an ongoing H. pylori infection. Our study findings further suggest that, to reduce the infected subjects with H. pylori in their fecal material, seropositive subjects with increased gastric secreting ability need to be treated.
The Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetic Subjects Attending Ain Shams Diabetes Outpatient Clinic
Authors: Shady Manal Mohammed Abo , Abd-elazeem Islam Nasser , Mohammed Tamer Fahmy , Ali Hanan Mahmoud , Adly Nahla Nader 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Diabetic retinopathy is a chronic progressive, potentially sight threatening disease of the retinal microvasculature associated with the prolonged hyperglycaemia and other conditions linked to diabetes mellitus such as hypertension

Aim
detect the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetic subjects in relation to duration of diabetes, control of blood glucose level and other micro-vascular complications.

Patients and Methods
This was a cross sectional study conducted on 120 patients attending diabetes outpatient clinic at ain shams university hospital during period from april 2020 to October 2020 to detect the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetic subjects in relation to duration of diabetes, control of blood glucose level and other micro-vascular complications Patients were subjected to full history taking and clinical examination. DN4 questionnaire for neuropathy assessment, Laboratory investigations included; fasting blood sugar, 2 hour post prandial blood glucose, (glycated haemoglobin HBAIC), serum creatinine and albumin/creatinine ratio, also all patients subjected to detailed fundus examnation using ophthalmoscope.

Results
Our study show that total patients of study is 120 patient, fundus examination results revealed that 66 of them normal fundus (55%), 17 mderate NPDR (14.17%), 8 sever NPDR (6.67%), 29 PDR (24.17%).
Also show that there is statistically significant relation between fundus examination results and (age of the patient, duration of diabetes mellitus and smoking) also clinical data (SBP, DBP, pulse and BMI) also laboratory data (FBS, 2h PPBG, HBA1C and albumin /creatinine ratio).
Also show that there is statistically significant relation between fundus examination results and total insulin dose and DN4 questionnaire.
The study also show that there is no significant relation between fundus examination results and (gender, s. creatinine level, family history of diabetes or type of basal insulin).

Conclusion
DR. is a progressive blinding disease that affects 4.2 million people worldwide, making it a leading cause of blindness in adults and this number is expected to continue to increase. DR. affected by age of the patient, duration of diabetes mellitus and smoking also clinical data (SBP, DBP, pulse and BMI) also laboratory data (FBS, 2h PPBG, HBA1C and albumin /creatinine ratio) and total insulin dose.
Assessment of Liver Stiffness by Transient Elastography in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease before and after Receiving Treatment
Authors: Mohammed Khaled Abdel-Hameed , Mohammed Enas El-Khedr , Rasmy Hany Samir , Saber Mahmoud Abbas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The changes in liver stiffness after receiving (ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir plus ribavirin) combination therapy for HCV in chronic hepatitis C patients with chronic kidney disease, using transient elastography (fibroscan).

Aim of the Work
This study aims to assess the changes in liver stiffness after receiving (ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir plus ribavirin) combination therapy for HCV in chronic hepatitis C patients with chronic kidney disease, using transient elastography (fibroscan).

Patients and Methods
This study was Prospective cohort clinical study that was conducted at hepatology and virology outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University Hospital from August 2018 to march 2019 after informed consent. 50 patients who directed antiviral drugs (ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir plus ribavirin) for 12 weeks were included in this study after taking their consent for this clinical trial after full explanation of the trial. The 50 included patients with chronic HCV and chronic renal disease (naïve patients who did not receive any treatment before) and all were treated with quadrable therapy (ombitasvir, paritaprevir and ritonavir plus ribavirin) for 12 weeks. All patients had a Succes rate of 100%

Results
The present study showed significant reduction in ALT, AST and albumin after receiving DAAs in comparison to their levels before treatment with P value &lt;.001.

Conclusion
Transient elastography has a diagnostic and prognostic role in patients with HCV and CKD during treatment with DAA. There was insignificant correlation between renal profile and degree of fibrosis by fibroscan.
Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Shawky Bakir Amal , Hussein Hany Ali , Galal Salah Shaarawy , Amer Mahmoud Mohamed Abdul Azeem 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an epidemic liver disease affecting approximately 25% of the general population. It has a wide range of clinical phenotyping from hepatic steatosis to non- alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced fibrosis and liver cirrhosis.

Aim of the Work
To find out the link between H. Pylori infection and the onset of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Patients and Methods
This cross sectional, case control study was conducted on 80 patients presented with H-Pylori in Ain Shams University Hospitals during the period from September 2020 to June 2021, after taking informed consents from the patients.

Results
Our study shows a statistically significant association between age and NAFLD occurrence. Our study showed that gender has no influence on occurrence of NAFLD. Also, we found that NAFLD is associated with elevated levels of TG, Cholesterol &LDL. Our study showed that high SBP, DBP is associated with increased risk of NAFLD. The levels of AST and ALT in our study were significantly higher in risky group patients than in non-risky group patients. Regarding the degree of fibrosis in patients with NAFLD using NFS we found that risky patients were associated with increased risk of fibrosis.

Conclusion
Our study suggested that H-Pylori infection may have a role in NAFLD occurrence. However, other metabolic risk factors such as dyslipidemia and obesity may have the major role in developing and progression of NAFLD taking in consideration the limitations of case-control study and the small sized population included.
Myostatin Level in CRF Patients with and without HBV and Its Correlation with Sarcopenia
Authors: Makhlouf Mohamed Ali Marie , Fathallah Ahmed Magdy , Al-Ghandour Ahmed , Gawish Marwa Rizk Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Myostatin (MSTN), a member of TGF-β superfamily, is produced in the skeletal muscle to inhibit myocyte differentiation. MSTN expression is increased in the skeletal muscle in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which may play a role in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia or in the protein energy wasting (PEW).

Aim and objectives
To assess myostatin level in CRF patients with HBV and its correlation with sarcopenia.

Subjects and Methods
This study is a cross - sectional study, was carried out at at outpatients' clinics and internal medicine and nephrology department Ain Shams university hospital and Sharq Elmadinah Hospital, Alexandria, on 70 patients on regular hemodialysis divided into 3 groups: (Group A); included 20 patients with HBV infection, (Group B); included 20 patients without HBV infection, (Group C); included 10 normal persons without CRF or HBV, during period from February 2021 till August 2021.

Result
Myostatin level showed a significant negative correlation with BMI and SMI.

Conclusion
The serum myostatin level was significantly higher in hemodialysis patients than controls, particularly in post-HCV cirrhotic than non-cirrhotic ones. Serum myostatin level was significantly related to sarcopenia pathogenesis as a predictor marker.
Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis C Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antivirals and Its Relation to Hepatic Fibrosis Stage
Authors: Elsheikh Mazen , Shawky Amal , Shaaban Mostafa , Anwar Ayman , Abdelrahman Yasser , Eltouny Maha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Significant advances in understanding of the molecular virology, life cycle, and pathogenesis of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) led to the Direct-Acting Anti-viral (DAA) era of HCV therapy in 2011 (Hezode et al.,2015). It can be expected that rates of HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) will decrease significantly after the widespread adoption of DAAs, However Hepatitis C patients with cirrhosis who were treated with direct-acting antivirals had increased likelihood of developing HCC (Tayyab et al., 2020) (Kozbial et al., 2016). HCC was also associated with greater liver stiffness according to transient elastography and lower platelet counts (Conti et al., 2016). The aim of this study is to investigate incidence of HCC in Egyptian HCV patients in whom other predominant HCV genotypes are prevalent and different treatment protocols followed.

Methods
This was a retrospective study including 400 chronic HCV patients who were following up their medical condition at Kobri El-Koba Military Hospital hepatology outpatient clinic from January 2018 to September 2019. Patients were divided into two main equal groups regarding either received HCV direct acting antivirals or not. Incidence of HCC after 18 months of follow up were compared between two groups. Its relation to hepatic fibrosis stage was calculated in both groups.

Results
DAA receiving group had significantly lower incidence of HCC than non DAA receiving group (control group). Eleven patients in DAA receiving group developed HCC (5.5%) compared to twenty-two patients in control group (11%) with P- value 0.04. Although there was no significant difference between two groups regarding pre-treatment prevalence of ascites, splenomegaly, or esophageal varices, DAA receiving group had statistically significant advanced hepatic fibrosis when compared to control group. Before starting treatment, DAA Receiving group shows (4.5% F0, 14% F1, 7% F2, 11.5% F3 and 63% F4) versus (20.5% F0, 14% F1, 18.5% F2, 6.5% F3 and 40.5% F4) in control group with highly significant P value 0.00.

Conclusion
Incidence of HCC decreased significantly after DAA in chronic HCV patients. Decreased incidence occurred despite advanced hepatic fibrosis in this group of patients.
Association between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Carotid Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Samy Amir Helmy , Sayed Moataz Mohamed , Badawy Mohamed Nabil , Hawary Mohamed Kamal Mahmoud 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinic-pathological syndrome closely associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes and atherosclerosis. Some authors suggest that NAFLD is, in fact, another component of the metabolic syndrome.

Aim of the Work
To assess the relationship between NAFLD and Diabetes mellitus as risk factors for atherosclerosis by measuring carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), NAFLD Fibrosis Score and FIB-4 Score.

Patients and Methods
This study is a prospective case control study that was conducted on (40) NAFLD Patients (aged between 18-60 years), at Gastroenterology and Hepatology department, Ain shams university hospitals and Heliopolis hospital, divided into three groups (Group 1): included 15 patients with NAFLD and controlled T2DM, (Group 2): included 15 patients with NAFLD and uncontrolled T2DM, (Group 3): included 10 patients as with NAFLD and non-diabetic as a control group, through a period of 6 months.

Results
There was positive correlation between IMT with FBG (p = 0.012) and HbAIC (p = 0.011).

Conclusion
Our results suggest that NAFLD is extremely common in people with type 2 diabetes and is associated with a higher prevalence of CVD. The association between NAFLD and CVD appears to be independent of classical risk factors, glycemic control, medications, and presence of the metabolic syndrome. Thus, these results further confirm the hypothesis that the identification of NAFLD in type 2 diabetes may help in CVD risk prediction.
Study of Serum Chemerin Level in Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Patients with and without Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Makhlouf Mohamed Ali Marie , Fathallah Ahmed Magdy , Alashram Mohamed Badawy , Farid Algazzar Mohammed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) has a number of features that suggest that it should be recognized not only as a viral disease but also as a metabolic liver disease that encompasses insulin resistance (IR), liver steatosis, impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and disturbances in lipid metabolism.

Objective
To evaluate the role of serum Chemerin as a biomarker in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus with and without Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and its correlation to disease progress and activity and to evaluate its relationship with various laboratory parameters of the disease.

Patients and Methods
Type of study: A case control study. Study setting: outpatient clinics and inpatient wards at King Fahd hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia & outpatient clinics at Ain Shams university hospitals, Egypt. Study Period: 6 months. Study Population: The study was conducted on normal populations, chronic HCV patients with NAFLD, and chronic HCV patients without NAFLD.

Results
In the present study the mean chemerin level was found to be statistically higher in chronic hepatitis C virus patients with NAFLD group compared to chronic hepatitis C virus patients without NAFLD group and was found to be statistically higher in both previous groups than in control group (p value &lt;0.05). There was significant positive correlation between serum chemerin with ALT (p value &lt;0.01), AST (p value&lt;0.01), BMI (P value&lt;0.01), INR (p value&lt;0.01), triglyceride (p value&lt;0.01), FIB4 index (p value &lt;0.01) and NAFLD fibrosis score (p value &lt;0.01). There was significant negative correlation between serum chemerin with serum ALBUMIN (p value &lt;0.01).

Conclusion
The results obtained in the current study demonstrate that the serum chemerin level increased in parallel with the worsening liver functional reserves in CHC patients and serum chemerin level incrased in patients with CHC associated with NAFLD. It could be concluded that chemerin may be considered as additional tools for assessment of prognosis of CHC and monitoring the virally derived metabolic abnormality.
Clinical, Laboratory, Endoscopic and Histological Correlation to Assess Actual Remission in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Farag Sherif Monier Mohamed , Kortam Nermine Mohamed Abd Raboh , Faheem Heba Ahmed , Elmokemy Mohammed Sobhy Ibrahim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease of the colon which results in diffuse friability and superficial erosions on the colonic wall associated with bleeding. It is the most common form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) worldwide.

Objective
Evaluate the correlation between clinical remission, laboratory and inflammatory markers, endoscopic and histological remission in patients with ulcerative colitis. Assess to what extent clinical remission affects “treat to target” policy.

Patients and Methods
The present study was conducted at Internal medicine and Gastroenterology department, Ain Shams University Hospitals on 30 patients who was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis and were on clinical remission for 6 months. Patients were evaluated for laboratory, endoscopic and histological remission.

Results
There is significant correlation between mayo score and TLC after remission where Pvalue =0.042*, but no correlation was found with ESR, PLT or HB%.

Conclusion
There was significant improvement in colonoscopic picture of the study group as regard Mayo score after remission. There was significant improvement in laboratory data of the study group as regard Mayo score after remission. There was no correlation between endoscopic and histologic activity after remission. Fecal calprotectin was significantly correlated with both endoscopic and histologic activity.