bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation, identification and introgression of a novel stripe rust resistant genes using marker-assisted selection in breeding wheat genotype
Authors: Shahin Atef A. , Omara Reda I. , Saad-El-Din Heba I. , Omar Hend A. ,   Tarek A. Essa1, Sehsah Mohamed D. , Zayton Marwa A. , Omar Hanaa S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Stripe rust is the most harmful and prevalent disease among global wheat genotypes worldwide. It is induced by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Its disease can also create new physiological races that attack resistant genotypes and constitute a severe danger to wheat output. The improvement of genetic resistance using Yr's genes through breeding programs that were not previously operated in Egypt in wheat genotypes is an effective strategy for preventing the disease. The marker-assisted selection with PCR-based methods was used to characterize the degree of slow rusting resistance for 38 wheat genotypes to stripe rust. The findings on the slow rusting genes support the resistance in the genotypes and can be used in wheat breeding programs to produce new stripe rust-resistant genotypes. The genotypes were classified into three major categories based on four disease parameters. The first group consisted of resistant genotypes. The second group had the lowest values of disease parameters and slower rusting. The third group showed the highest values for the disease parameters, including fast-rust genotypes, over the course of three seasons. The results revealed that the Super Kauz, Opata/Pastor, PBW 343/KKU, Opata 58, Chuan Nong 19, and IRAG genotypes enclosing Yr5, Yr15, Yr33, Yr37, Yr34, Yr51, Yr57, Yr4BL, and Yrkk genes were so resistant to stripe rust. while the Misr 3, Misr 4, Giza 168, Giza 167, Giza 170, Giza 171, Gemmeiza-9, and Gemmeiza-10 genotypes have the Yr9 gene. Giza 168, Giza 170, Gemmeiza-9, Gemmeiza-10, and Sids-14, containing the Yr18 and Yr29 genes. while the Yr17 and Yr27 genes were present in the Sids 13 and the most virulent genotype, respectively. In the backcrossing program, the genes were integrated into susceptible wheat genotypes, and different BC generations were created. From susceptible genotypes, stripe rust affected Gemmeiza 11, Misr 1, and Sids 14. These genotypes have high importance for farmers; they are cultivated in large areas worldwide, and the quality of their flour is high. Therefore, we intergraded Yr5 and Yr10 genes into these three genotypes using a breeding program. Finally, the characteristic of resistance improved and the high-yield production increased in studied wheat genotypes.
Removal of water-based printing inks in a biofilm sequential batch reactor: start-up and kinetic study
Authors: Gallegos-Araujo Maryjose , Gutiérrez-Macías Paulina , Cruz-Narváez Yair , Barragán-Huerta Blanca Estela 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Water-based inks face new challenges owing to the generation of polluting effluents throughout their manufacturing process as well as during the cleaning of equipment and printing areas. Appropriate treatments are essential to avoid associated environmental problems resulting from toxicity, impeding the passage of light and diffusion of oxygen in water bodies. This study aims to evaluate the ability of the microbial consortium MJ1, isolated from Mexican soil, to remove four commercial water-based inks, namely magenta (MI), yellow (YI), black (BI), and cyan (CI), in batches and in a 6 L sequential batch reactor. FIA-ESI-FTICR-MS analysis identified pigments Violet 19 and Red 122 in the MI ink, Pigment Yellow 74 in the YI ink, and Phthalocyanine and Pigment Blue 15 in the CI ink. The discoloration of the inks depended on the nutrient concentration in the medium. The performance and kinetic parameters of a sequential batch reactor packed with sterilized volcanic rocks, inoculated with the MJ1 consortium, and supplemented separately with MI, YI, BI, or CI inks at concentrations of 3000, 3000, 3000, and 1500 mg L-1, respectively, were evaluated. The hydraulic retention time showed that most discoloration occurred in the first 3.5 d of treatment. Furthermore, elimination rates of 796.8, 791.1, 601.7, and 223.8 mg L-1d-1 were determined for the MI, YI, BI, and CI inks, respectively. A preliminary structure of the generated metabolites was proposed by comparing the results of biodegradation pathway prediction by the EAWAG-BBD database for Violet 19, Red 122, Yellow 74, Phthalocyanine, and Blue 15 pigments to the FIA-ESI-FTICR-MS analysis from biodegradation experiments. In conclusion, the use of a packed sequencing batch reactor has been shown to be an effective method for the discoloration of various commercial water-based print inks. These findings provide important insights into the bioremediation of inks and the associated environmental problems, highlighting the potential for further research and development in this area.
Green synthesis of biocompatible Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles using Citrus Sinensis peels extract for their biological activities and magnetic- hyperthermia applications
Authors: Eldeeb Bahig A. , El-Raheem Walaa M. Abd , Elbeltagi Shehab 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Plants include active chemicals known as phytochemicals and biomolecules that serve as decreasing and biostability factors for nanoparticle (NP) creation. Citrus Sinensis peels are rich in phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidants, and biophysical benefits. Herein, we prepared superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) by co-precipitation using Citrus Sinensis peel extract as a novel green synthesis method. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, dye degradation activities, and antimicrobial activities of Fe3O4 MNPs were investigated. Furthermore, the produced materials were characterized using FTIR, UV, TEM, VSM, and XRD analysis. The Fe3O4 MNPs showed higher antibacterial activities against multi antibiotic resistant bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Klebsiella pneumonia. The sample has generated a lot of attention in the scientific community for magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) applications. The maximum value of the specific absorption rate (SAR) was evaluated at sample concentrations of 10mg under the magnetic field condition. Additionally, these newly fabricated SPIONs virtually achieve significant execution under the alternating magnetic field (AMF) in fluid HT and are suitable for biomedical applications.
Enhanced anaerobic mono-digestion and co-digestion of crop residues by NaOH alkali pre-treatment: digestion performance and microbial community dynamics
Authors: Mansour Mohamed , Ince Orhan , UZUN OMER , Ozbayram E. Gozde , Miraloglu H. Ibrahim , Ince Bahar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The main objective of the study was to determine the effect of different dosages of NaOH alkali pre-treatment on the lignocellulosic structures and the methane production of crops’ residues. In this regard, NaOH pre-treatment was implemented with different dosages on three different crops’ residues: wheat, rye, and rice straws. Substrates were soaked into NaOH solutions at different dosages with solid-to-liquid ratios of 100 and 200 gTS/L to investigate both conditions. The anaerobic digestion process was conducted using AMPTS II under mesophilic conditions. By 8% NaOH pre-treatment dosage, the reduction of hemicellulose and lignin was 81% and 62% for rice straw, 86% and 69% for wheat straw, 80% and 74% for rye straw, respectively. The concentrations of sCOD in the liquid fraction after pre-treatment were regarded as 3 times higher than in untreated samples. Pre-treatment with 8% NaOH dosage increased the methane yield of rice, wheat, and rye straws by 55%, 40%, and 46% respectively. Samples from digesters that produced the highest methane yield were chosen for further molecular analysis. Compared to untreated digesters, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed more diverse microbial communities in NaOH pre-treated digesters.
Reduction of the mangosteen tree (Garcinia mangostana L) production cycle: effect of soil type and fertilizers
Authors: Haba Jean Florent , Silué Nakpalo , Dembele Ardjouma , Phaceli Elichama Desirée , Koffi Jean Kouao , Letto Ange Kouakou 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The mangosteen tree (Garcinia mangostana L.) is a very slow-growing tree that takes between 8 and 15 years before bearing its first fruits. This slow growth and late fruiting of the plant constitute a real obstacle to its adoption and its propagation in rural areas. In Côte d'Ivoire, these constraints have led to the limitation of cultivation to small farms belonging to a few producers, whereas it could constitute an alternative to the diversification of agricultural income and contribute to poverty reduction in rural areas. This study was therefore initiated with the aim of evaluating the effects of soil type and fertilizers on the agronomic parameters of mangosteen tree growth in order to contribute to the shortening of its vegetative phase.
Results
The results of this study showed the significant effect of soil type and fertilizers on mangosteen growth parameters. The evaluation of the effect of soil type and fertilizers on the agronomic performance of mangosteen showed that lowland soil promotes better plant growth. The growth rates recorded after 36 months of monitoring were 53.08 ± 7.30% in mangosteen trees grown on lowland soil and 41.51 ± 13.43% in those grown on forest soil.. Also, foliar and granular N-P-K fertilizers favored a shortening of the onset of fruiting from the 5th year of cultivation.
Conclusions
The results testified to the clear importance of the contribution of fertilizers in the management and the shortening of the juvenile phase of the mangosteen tree. Fertilizers based on foliar fertilizer and NPK have recorded remarkable performances by favoring a shortening of the entry into fruiting of mangosteen trees from the fifth year of cultivation.
Determining the willingness to link climate and trade policy
Authors: Lumkowsky Marcel , Carlton Emily , Victor David G. , Dannenberg Astrid 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Analysts have long advocated a linkage between international cooperation on climate change and trade measures, such as border tariffs. While the theoretical case for linkage has been clear, it has remained difficult to evaluate whether real world efforts to link these two domains will yield beneficial effects to international cooperation. Working with a large sample of climate experts, we elicited how the legitimacy and usefulness of linking trade and climate are assessed along with the risks that may arise. We find that experts from richer countries, especially Europe, are more likely to see linkage as legitimate and effective. A surprisingly robust finding is that experts who perceive their home country's emissions reduction pledge as ambitious are more likely to see risks from using trade measures. Experts seem to be increasingly aware of the dissonance between the voluntarism of the Paris Agreement and growing political pressures to apply trade measures.
Healing of critical bone defects is evaluated based on Hounsfield unit (HU) values
Authors: Wang Peng , ma yunhong , Wang Yapeng , Zhou Ming , Liu Jun , Rui Yongjun , Wu Yongwei , Zhou Tong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the clinical process of bone grafting in the second stage of induced membrane bone union in patients with tibial bone defects to infer the possibility of non-union and provide evidence for early clinical intervention, and establish a reliable and effective evaluation method combined with computed tomography (CT) to judge the fracture healing in patients with tibial bone loss treated with Masquelet's technique.
Methods
Patients with tibial bone defects who underwent Masquelet technique at our hospital between February 2017 and February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Hounsfield unit (HU) values of the patients were evaluated at different times during the second stage of bone grafting. Bone healing at the boundary value of 120HU output threshold (-1024HU-3071HU) was directionally selected, and the changes in growth volume of union (bone graft volume (selected according to HU value)/bone defect volume) were compared to analyze individual class bone union.
Results
A total of 42 patients with a segmental bone defect with a mean age of 40.5 years (40.5 ± 8.3 years) were included. The relationship between bone graft volume and time was analyzed by single factor repeated variable analysis (P = 0.016). Further curve regression analysis showed that the change in bone graft volume over time presented a logarithmic curve pattern (Y = 0.563 + 0.086*ln(X), Ra2 = 0.608, P = 0.041).
Conclusion
The proposed imaging of Hounsfield unit (HU) can be used as a reference for the clinical judgment of bone grafting union.
Integrated analysis of fecal metagenomics and metabolomics reveals the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Kang Zhuang , Zhang Rong , Wang Can , Liu Binyan , Li Shenglan , Huang Mengqian , Zhang Weichunbai , Chen Feng , Li Wenbin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Gut microbiota is associated with the occurrence and progression of a variety of tumors through the brain-gut axis. However, the mechanism of its role in the pathogenesis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is still unclear.
Methods
Patients with PCNSL (n = 33) and healthy people (n = 32) were chosen to participate in the study. Stool samples were collected separately from each participant for metagenomic and metabolomic analyses.
Results
The results demonstrated that there were differences in the gut microbial composition between PCNSL patients and healthy individuals. In PCNSL patients, both the Firmicutes/Bacteroides (F/B) ratio and the proteobacteria ratio were increased. Moreover, the gut microbiota might affect metabolic pathways, which in turn can affect PCNSL differentiation and proliferation. The alanine metabolic pathway was significantly more active in patients with PCNSL than in healthy individuals, whereas valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, biosynthesis of amino acids, thiamine metabolism, biotin metabolism, and 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism were opposite.
Conclusions
our study demonstrated a considerable dysregulation of gut microbiota structure in PCNSL patients, mainly characterized by an upregulation of F/B and an increase in the ratio of proteobacteria.
Risk factors for postoperative acute ischemic stroke in advanced-aged patients with previous stroke undergoing noncardiac surgery: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Xiao Wei , Yang Shuyi , Feng Shuai , Wang Chunxiu , Huang Hao , Wang Chaodong , Zhong Chonglin , Zhan Shubin , Yao Dongxu , Wang Tianlong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The current study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors for postoperative acute ischemic stroke (PAIS) in advanced-aged patients (≥ 75 years) with history of ischemic stroke undergoing noncardiac surgery.
Methods
In this single-center retrospective cohort study, all advanced-aged patients underwent noncardiac surgery from 1 January, 2019, to 30 April, 2022. Data were extracted from hospital electronic medical records. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of PAIS. Multivariable linear or logistic regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of outcomes due to PAIS.
Results
Twenty-four patients (6.0%) of the 400 patients developed PAIS. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA), length of surgery and preoperative Modified Rankin scale (mRS) ≥ 3 were significant predictors of PAIS. CEA was associated with increased risk of PAIS (OR 4.14; 95%CI, 1.43–11.99). Each additional minute in length of surgery had slightly increased the risk of PAIS (OR, 1.01; 95%CI, 1.00-1.01). Compared with reference (mRS < 3), mRS ≥ 3 increased odds of PAIS (OR, 4.09;95%CI, 1.12–14.93). Surgery type and length of surgery were found to be significant predictors of in-hospital expense (P < 0.001) and hospital stays (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
CEA, length of surgery and preoperative mRS ≥ 3 may increase the development of PAIS in advanced-aged patients (≥ 75 years) with history of stroke undergoing noncardiac surgery. PAIS increased in-hospital mortality and prolonged hospital stay.
Exploring entrustment decision-making in undergraduate primary care
Authors: Cullen Jayne Victoria , Alberti Hugh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The decision to trust a learner to actively participate in care is a fundamental part of clinical training. However, concerns about patient safety mean that clinical practice often presents newly qualified doctors with situations they are unable to manage independently. ‘Entrustable professional activities’ (EPAs) have been proposed as a possible solution to this unpreparedness. Understanding how undergraduate GP teachers make entrustment decisions, which is a gap in the exiting literature, may be an appropriate first step towards understanding whether EPAs can be applied to undergraduate primary care.
Aim
To explore teachers’ experiences of entrustment decision-making in an undergraduate primary care context.
Methodology and Methods
This is an interpretive phenomenological study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with final year GP teachers. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis.
Findings
Five GP teachers were interviewed. Five themes and twenty-four subthemes were produced. These captured participants’ experiences of entrustment decision-making, as well as the factors influencing these decisions. The teacher’s personal approach to risk was a key consideration. The experience of GP teachers is also shaped by their context and challenges such as managing complexity and uncertainty that are inherent to the GP role.
Conclusions
Entrustment decision-making is complex and is experienced individually by different teachers, resulting in a range of approaches to supervision. Despite these differences there are various common factors that impact the decision of whether to entrust. This study allows several recommendations to be made that may enable us to move towards entrustment of undergraduate students in a primary care context.
Progressive Changes in Protein Expression Profile of Alveolar Septa in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kimura Toru , Akazawa Takashi , Mizote Yu , Nakamura Harumi , Sakaue Miki , Maniwa Tomohiro , Shintani Yasushi , Honma Keiichiro , Tahara Hideaki , Okami Jiro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Adenocarcinomas show a stepwise progression from atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) to adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and finally to invasive adenocarcinoma (IA). The expression of immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine-rich repeat (ISLR) is a marker of tumor-restraining cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are distinct from the conventional, strongly α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)-positive CAFs. Fibroblast-activation protein (FAP) is expressed in activated and profibrotic fibroblasts of tumors and fibrotic tissues and has recently been focused on as a potential therapeutic and diagnostic target of CAFs.
Methods
This study investigated the changes in protein expression during adenocarcinoma progression in pre-existing alveolar septa by assessing the ISLR, αSMA, and FAP expression in normal, AAH, AIS, and IA lung nodules. From January 2018 to December 2019, 14 AAH, 17 AIS, and 20 IA lesions were identified and randomly sampled at our institute. The immunohistochemical analysis evaluated the cancer-associated changes and FAP expression in pre-existing alveolar structures of normal, AAH, AIS, and IA tissues. Normal alveolar septa-expressed ISLR, and ISLR levels in alveolar septa decreased in AAH and AIS tissues compared with those in normal lung tissue.
Results
The αSMA-positive area significantly increased from that in the adjacent lung tissue (13.3 ± 15%) to that in AIS (87.7 ± 14%), through that in AAH (70.2 ± 21%). Moreover, the FAP-positive area significantly increased from that in AAH (1.69 ± 1.4%) to that in IA (11.8 ± 7.1%), through that in AIS (6.11 ± 5.3%). Protein expression changes are a feature of CAFs in pre-existing alveolar septa that begin in AAH. This change, including FAP expression, gradually progressed from AAH to IA through AIS.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that FAP-positive fibroblasts may contribute to tumor stroma formation in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma, which could influence the development of therapeutic strategies targeting FAP-positive CAFs for disturbing extracellular matrix formation.
Current situation and demand analysis of the first aid ability of medical staff in China
Authors: Wang Juntao , Lv Chuanzhu , Song Xingyue , Hu Yanlan , Hao Wenjie , He Lanfen , Chen Yu , Gan Yong , Han Xiaotong , Yan Shijiao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives: We aim to understand the current situation of the first aid ability and training needs of Chinese medical personnel to provide a scientific basis for formulating the contents and methods of emergency medical rescue training and thereby improve the first aid level of Chinese medical personnel.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between June 2022 and February 2023 using a two-stage cluster sampling method with a structured questionnaire sent to 14,527 medical workers in 12 provinces in China. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, first aid knowledge and skills, and training needs. Variance analysis was used to compare the difference between thefirst aid ability and training needs of medical staff in different hospitals, and multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to evaluate first aid ability and training needs.
Result: The study included 6041 patients (41.6%) in tertiary hospitals, 5838 patients (40.2%) in secondary hospitals, and 2648 patients (18.2%) in primary hospitals. There were significant differences in thefirst aid ability and training needs of medical staff in hospitals of different levels (p < 0.001). The score of first aid knowledge and skills in tertiary hospitals was the highest (209.7 ± 45.0), and the score of training needs in primary hospitals was the highest (240.6 ± 44.0). There was a significant correlation between first aid ability and training needs score (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis shows that geographic region, age, work tenure, gender, job title, department, professional title, monthly income, and hospital level are the influencing factors of training demand.
Conclusion: Medical staff in primary hospitals generally have low first aid knowledge and skills and a strong willingness to train. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen the training of first aid ability and research training strategies. The level of the hospital is closely related to the level of first aid, so it is necessary to recognize the commonalities and differences in medical staff's demand for first aid knowledge and skills and carry out targeted education and training.