bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agreement of total corneal power measured by CASIA 2, Pentacam AXL, and IOLMaster 700 in normal and keratoconic patients
Authors:   , Yodying Rusaporn 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To evaluate agreement of total corneal power (TCP), ocular biometry and IOL power calculation measured by CASIA 2, Pentacam AXL, and IOLMaster 700 in normal and keratoconic patients Setting: King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Design: Prospective observational study Methods: One-hundred normal eyes and 34 keratoconic eyes were enrolled. Biometric values were measured by each device for three times by two operators to evaluate repeatability and reproducibility of TCP and other parameters. The agreement of TCP and other parameters including total corneal astigmatism, anterior keratometry, anterior corneal astigmatism, posterior keratometry, posterior corneal astigmatism, anterior chamber depth, white-to-white (WTW) corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, and intraocular power were evaluated. Intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland Altman plot was used to analyze. Results: The repeatability and reproducibility of TCP and other biometry were high in all devices except WTW (ICC > 0.9). The agreement of TCP was excellent among three devices in both groups (ICC > 0.9). However, the agreement of TCP between CASIA 2 and IOLMaster 700 was slightly lower in normal eyes (ICC = 0.867) and keratoconic eyes (ICC = 0.852) with mean differences more than 1.0 diopter, might be considered clinically significant. Wider 95% limit of agreement were found in keratoconus group. Most of the other parameters and IOL power showed good to excellent agreement except WTW showing poor to moderate agreement in both groups. Conclusions: The agreement of TCP by CASIA 2, Pentacam AXL, and IOLMaster 700 was excellent in normal and keratoconic eyes. However, TCP cannot be used interchangeably.
Techno-economic analysis of acetaldehyde production via partial oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol
Authors:   , Sompong Sudarat 
Published: April 2023

Due to the increased attention regarding the battery electric vehicles, the demand for ethanol as a biofuel may be reduced in the future. Therefore, ethanol transformation towards acetaldehyde is conducted in this work, primarily because of the higher selling price and several advantages of acetaldehyde. Regarding the acetaldehyde preparation, acetaldehyde is produced by partial oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol.

According to the economic analysis results, at the same price of acetaldehyde, an annual production capacity of 120,000 tons is the most profitable production size. In addition, the potential process of producing acetaldehyde from ethanol is acetaldehyde production process at 200°C since this process offers a shorter POP and a higher IRR compared to another process, namely acetaldehyde production process at 300°C. For energy consumption, the process performed at temperature of 200°C requires more thermal utilities than that of 300°C. This is because the low conversion of ethanol. For the same reason, the CO2 emissions in the case of operating at 200°C are also higher. Regarding the usage of electric utilities, the process performed at 300°C consumes the higher amount of electricity since a gas compressor is used in the process. The existence of this compressor is one of the reasons that makes this process less profitable.
Sustainability assessment of power production by chemical looping combustion
Authors:   , Uraisakul Watchara 
Published: April 2023

This study investigated the chemical looping combustion (CLC) process improvement for power production from energy management, system hydrodynamics, and sustainability perspectives. In the first part, the 3k factorial design was used for systematically investigating the operating variables that affect the thermal efficiency of the CLC combined with the humid air gas turbine (HAT) cycle. A set of operating variables, A) pressure of the air reactor, B) air compressor stages number, C) air compression methods, and D) air flow rate, were explored. The result showed that the highest thermal efficiency was at 55.87 % when operated at (A) 15 atm, (B) 7 stages, (C) method 3, and (D) 61,000 kmol/hr. Moreover, the efficiency could be improved further to 57.67% by increasing the Ni loading to 28% (by weight). The second part, the dual circulating fluidized bed reactor (DCFBR), was selected for the CLC system and investigated its operation by 2-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. For the solid fuel, the result showed that the low value of temperature and ratio of coal velocity to the weight of an oxygen carrier provided the best performance. For the gaseous fuel, the high pre-exponential factor, the low initial solid volume fraction, velocity, and CH4 mass fraction in feed increased temperature and conversion. The result also indicated that the operating conditions are crucial for suitable hydrodynamics achievement and the CO2 capture efficiency. In the last part, three analyses, which were energy performance, economics, and sustainability, were evaluated to identify the best case by enhancing the process sustainability. Six case studies have been investigated the effects of the combustion types (conventional combustion (CC) and CLC) and system configuration (CO2 capture stages and operating conditions). According to emergy analysis, which is the tool that gives a more holistic view of the solution than the others, Case 4 was the best case due to its emergy sustainability index (ESI), when local content was taken into consideration. However, Case 5 would be the best case from a global perspective.
Mesopotaamia jumalanna Nanāia mõjudest Kesk- ja Lõuna-Aasias
Authors:   University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Poland, Schumann Andrew , Sazonov Vladimir ,   Estonian Military Academy, Estonia,   University of Tartu, Estonia
Published: April 2023

In this paper we have traced some basic attributes belonging to the Mesopotamian goddess Nanāia, from their origin in the period of Ur III (2112–2004 BC) in ancient Mesopotamia up to the period of the Kuṣāṇas and Kūšānšāhs (from the 1st century AD to the late 4th century AD) in Central and South Asia, and up to the period of their successors – the Kidarites and Hephthalites. We have shown that there was a smooth transformation of these attributes of Nanāia to the standard Indian iconographic motif of Durgā.
Inference of differentially expressed genes using generalized linear mixed models in a pairwise fashion
Authors: Terra Machado Douglas , Bernardes Brustolini Otávio José , Côrtes Martins Yasmmin , Grivet Mattoso Maia Marco Antonio , Ribeiro de Vasconcelos Ana Tereza 
Published: April 2023

Background
Technological advances involving RNA-Seq and Bioinformatics allow quantifying the transcriptional levels of genes in cells, tissues, and cell lines, permitting the identification of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). DESeq2 and edgeR are well-established computational tools used for this purpose and they are based upon generalized linear models (GLMs) that consider only fixed effects in modeling. However, the inclusion of random effects reduces the risk of missing potential DEGs that may be essential in the context of the biological phenomenon under investigation. The generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) can be used to include both effects.

Methods
We present DEGRE (Differentially Expressed Genes with Random Effects), a user-friendly tool capable of inferring DEGs where fixed and random effects on individuals are considered in the experimental design of RNA-Seq research. DEGRE preprocesses the raw matrices before fitting GLMMs on the genes and the derived regression coefficients are analyzed using the Wald statistical test. DEGRE offers the Benjamini-Hochberg or Bonferroni techniques for P-value adjustment.

Results
The datasets used for DEGRE assessment were simulated with known identification of DEGs. These have fixed effects, and the random effects were estimated and inserted to measure the impact of experimental designs with high biological variability. For DEGs’ inference, preprocessing effectively prepares the data and retains overdispersed genes. The biological coefficient of variation is inferred from the counting matrices to assess variability before and after the preprocessing. The DEGRE is computationally validated through its performance by the simulation of counting matrices, which have biological variability related to fixed and random effects. DEGRE also provides improved assessment measures for detecting DEGs in cases with higher biological variability. We show that the preprocessing established here effectively removes technical variation from those matrices. This tool also detects new potential candidate DEGs in the transcriptome data of patients with bipolar disorder, presenting a promising tool to detect more relevant genes.

Conclusions
DEGRE provides data preprocessing and applies GLMMs for DEGs’ inference. The preprocessing allows efficient remotion of genes that could impact the inference. Also, the computational and biological validation of DEGRE has shown to be promising in identifying possible DEGs in experiments derived from complex experimental designs. This tool may help handle random effects on individuals in the inference of DEGs and presents a potential for discovering new interesting DEGs for further biological investigation.
Knowledge, Infection Prevention Practice, and the Stigma of Monkey Pox Disease among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Rivers State: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Owhonda Golden , Wali Ihuoma Aaron , Eze-Emiri Chidinma , Akpuh Ndubuisi , Onu Hastings , Abiikor Victor , Nwadiuto Ifeoma , Olayinka Adebola , Okamura Mie , Balami Kumshida Yakubu , Kolude Olufunmilola , Ezekwe Bosede , Okafor Chinenye , Oris-Onyiri Victor , Mulombo Walter Kazadi 
Published: April 2023

Background: Monkey pox (Mpox) is a zoonotic viral illness that is endemic to Africa. In contrast to earlier years, the current Mpox outbreak has had an unusually rapid worldwide spread in terms of the number of cases, and most of these cases were among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM). The study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice of infection prevention, and stigma of Mpox disease among members of the MSM community.
Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design. A self-administered questionnaire was given to 498 respondents.
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 30 years; twenty-three (4.6%) of the total respondents identified themselves as female gender. Urban dwellers were 344 (69.1%). Respondents had a good knowledge of both Mpox disease and transmission; an average knowledge of Mpox symptoms; and an average attitude towards prevention and the practice of prevention of Mpox. Age was found to be significantly associated with knowledge of transmission (p-value). Mpox infection was evaluated as a low-risk event by most responses, but the existence of both community stigma and self-stigma if infected were rated as high.
Conclusion: The knowledge of Mpox disease and its transmission was good, while the attitude and practice of infection prevention was average. However, the existence of community and self-stigmatization was high; which perhaps may result in the possibility of an iceberg phenomenon of Mpox disease in the MSM community. Community sensitization, advocacy, and key population-friendly services are recommended for the MSM community to improve their general access to healthcare and reduce stigmatisation.
Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizers on Leaf Micronutrients in Apple (Malus domestica Borkh)
Authors: Dhindsa Ravneet Kaur , Sharma Uday , Thakur Jagriti , Verma Anjali , Kaushal Rajesh 
Published: April 2023

Aims: To evaluate the effect of different nitrogen sources on leaf micronutrients of apple in pot culture studies and field studies.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design factorial in pot studies and in a Randomized Block Design factorial in field studies.
Place and Duration of Study: The pot culture experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) and field experiment was carried out at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Rohru, Shimla (H.P.) and Horticultural Research Station, Seobagh, Kullu (H.P.) in 2016 and 2017.
Methodology: Experiments were comprised of fourteen treatments and each treatment was replicated three times, having one plant under each replication. Calculated amount of fertilizers was added in the soil at appropriate time and leaf samples were collected for determination of leaf micronutrients. Copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) contents were determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and boron (B) was estimated by using Azomethine- H method.
Results: In pot culture studies, Cu was 14.96 and 15.05 ppm, Fe was 188.71 and 194.48 ppm, Zn was 31.52 and 32.51 ppm and 64.83 and 65.09 ppm in 2016 and 2017, respectively. The highest B content was recorded under urea alone application (35.64 and 35.48 ppm in 2016 and 2017, respectively). In field studies, Mn was 76.48 and 78.16 ppm at Seobagh and 83.23 and 85.15 ppm at Rohru, Fe was 218.25 and 225.15 ppm at Seobagh and 235.64 and 247.18 ppm at Rohru, Cu was 16.83 and 17.02 ppm at Seobagh and 17.87 and 18.03 ppm at Rohru, Zn was 39.40 and 40.84 ppm at Seobagh and 39.28 and 41.16 ppm at Rohru in 2016 and 2017, respectively. At Seobagh the highest B content in leaves was recorded under urea alone application (37.87 ppm) in 2016 and under the treatment 12:32:16 + calcium nitrate (38.14 ppm) in 2017, while at Rohru highest B content was under urea alone application (33.56 ppm) in 2016 and under calcium nitrate treatment (30.36 ppm) in 2017.
Conclusion: Leaf micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and B) were significantly affected on application of nitrogen fertilizers and were the highest under urea alone application and were found to have a direct relation with the reduction in pH of the soils.
THE IMPACT OF ATTITUDES, SELF-EFFICACY, AND SUBJECTIVE NORMS TOWARD Z-GENERATION’S INTENTION TO CHOOSE THE ACCOUNTING MAJOR
Authors: Alan Darmasaputra , Hatane Saarce Elsye , Lieantono Marchelio Eka Cipta , Sonbay Stefanie Stella , Putra Yonatan Tri Eka 
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this research is to examine the roles of family, advisor, and teacher as part of the subjective norm toward high school students’ intention to choose an accounting major at the higher education level. The high school students are the Z-generation. Employing partial lease analysis is to predict model parameters and results of several closed survey questions to validate statistical findings with a total of 351 Indonesian high school students as the respondents. These millennials’ intention to choose the accounting major is positively influenced by their attitudes toward the accounting profession; their self-efficacy; and their supporters (the subjective norms). There are three parties as the supporters of these students: parents, advisors, and teachers. The results imply that parents have the highest influence on the students’ decisions to join the accounting major in the university. However, the existence of advisors and teachers raises the students’ self-efficacy which replaces the position of parents’ opinion. This research contributes to planned behavior literature by comparing the roles of parents and teachers, including advisors, toward the students’ behavior. Moreover, the self-confidence of the students in their ability in accounting encourages them to choose the accounting major in their higher education.
Assessment of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems With Cigarette Use and Self-reported Wheezing in the US Adult Population
Authors: Sánchez-Romero Luz M. , Bondarenko Irina , Knoll Marie , Hirschtick Jana L. , Cook Steven , Fleischer Nancy L. , Levy David T. 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceThe prevalence of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use has increased, leading to a concern about their respiratory health outcomes. It is unclear whether ENDS use increases the risk of wheezing, a common symptom of respiratory conditions.ObjectiveTo provide an analysis of the longitudinal association between ENDS and cigarette use and self-reported wheezing among US adults.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe US nationally representative Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study was used. Longitudinal data for adults 18 years or older from wave 1 (2013-2014) to wave 5 (2018-2019) were analyzed. Data were analyzed from August 2021 to January 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe prevalence of self-reported wheezing (waves 2-5) was estimated for 6 strata of tobacco product use (never cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use, never cigarette and current ENDS use, current cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use, current cigarette and current ENDS use, former cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use, and former cigarette and current ENDS use). A generalized estimating equations framework evaluated the association between cigarette and ENDS use and self-reported wheezing at the subsequent wave. An interaction term between cigarette and ENDS use was added to estimate the association between joint cigarette and ENDS use categories and the association of ENDS within strata of cigarette use.ResultsThe analytical sample consisted of 17 075 US adults with a mean (SD) age of 45.4 (17) years, of whom 8922 (51%) were female and 10 242 (66%) were Non-Hispanic White. When compared with never cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use, the greatest association in reporting wheezing was for current cigarette and current ENDS use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.26; 95% CI, 2.82-3.77), which was similar to current cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use (AOR, 3.20; 95% CI, 2.91-3.51) and substantially greater than former cigarette and current ENDS use (AOR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.57-2.41). Associations were small and not statistically significant for the odds of self-reported wheezing among never cigarette and current ENDS use when compared with never cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use (AOR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.83-1.72), and for odds of wheezing and current cigarette and current ENDS use when compared with current cigarette and noncurrent ENDS use (AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.91-1.15).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, exclusive ENDS use was not associated with an increase in the risk of self-reported wheezing. However, a small increase in risk between ENDS use and wheezing was reported by individuals who use cigarettes. This study adds to the literature about the potential health effects associated with ENDS use.
Comparison of Postpartum Opioid Prescriptions Before vs During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Steuart Shelby R. , Lawler Emily C. , Bagwell Adams Grace , Shone Hailemichael , Abraham Amanda J. 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceThe COVID-19 pandemic substantially disrupted routine health care and exacerbated existing barriers to health care access. Although postpartum women frequently experience pain that interferes with activities of daily living, which is often successfully treated with prescription opioid analgesics, they are also at high risk for opioid misuse.ObjectiveTo compare postpartum opioid prescription fills after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 with fills before the pandemic.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cross-sectional study of 460 371 privately insured postpartum women who delivered a singleton live newborn between July 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020, postpartum opioid fills before March 1, 2020, were compared with fills after March 1, 2020. Statistical analysis was performed from December 1, 2021, to September 15, 2022.ExposureCOVID-19 pandemic onset in March 2020.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was postpartum opioid fills, defined as patient fills of opioid prescriptions during the 6 months after birth. Opioid prescriptions were explored in terms of 5 measures: mean number of fills per person, mean filled morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) per day, mean days supplied, percentage of patients filling a prescription for a schedule II opioid, and percentage of patients filling a prescription for a schedule III or higher opioid.ResultsAmong 460 371 postpartum women (mean [SD] age at delivery, 29.0 [10.8] years), those who gave birth to a single, live newborn after March 2020 were 2.8 percentage points more likely to fill an opioid prescription than expected based on the preexisting trend (forecasted, 35.0% [95% CI, 34.0%-35.9%]; actual, 37.8% [95% CI, 36.8%-38.7%]). The COVID-19 period was also associated with an increase in MMEs per day (forecasted mean [SD], 34.1 [2.0] [95% CI, 33.6-34.7]; actual mean [SD], 35.8 [1.8] [95% CI, 35.3-36.3]), number of opioid fills per patient (forecasted, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.48-0.51]; actual, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.51-0.55]), and percentage of patients filling a schedule II opioid prescription (forecasted, 28.7% [95% CI, 27.9%-29.6%]; actual, 31.5% [95% CI, 30.6%-32.3%]). There was no significant association with days’ suppy of opioids per prescription or percentage of patients filling a prescription for a schedule III or higher opioid. Results stratified by delivery modality showed that the observed increases were larger for patients who delivered by cesarean birth than those delivering vaginally.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study suggests that the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with significant increases in postpartum opioid fills. Increases in opioid prescriptions may be associated with increased risk of opioid misuse, opioid use disorder, and opioid-related overdose among postpartum women.
A formalism and methodology for measurement and control of LINAC isocenter
Authors: Zacharopoulos Nicholas G. , Fenyes David A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeDespite the acknowledged need for a stable reference point for LINAC isocenter quality assurance (QA), no standard for such a reference point has been established. This paper introduces a practical and robust technique for measuring and tuning LINAC isocenter within a stable reference frame based on the collimator axes of rotation.MethodsWe develop a framework based on physical isocenter, a refinement of the approach by Skworcow et al. The physical isocenter provides a relatively stable, first principles spatial point from which other LINAC parameters can be referenced. An optical tracking system was used to measure the collimator axes with high precision and an isocenter cost function was implemented to ensure a unique isocenter location. The same optical tracking system was used to (a) align the couch axis to the physical isocenter, (b) align the radiation beam to the collimator axes, and (c) position a marker precisely at the physical isocenter to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.ResultsThe framework was successfully demonstrated on an Elekta LINAC. The physical isocenter was shown to be repeatable with a standard deviation of 0.03 mm for the position and 0.03 mm for the radius. The couch axis was aligned to physical isocenter within 0.07 mm. The average collimator to beam axis distance before beam alignment was 0.19 and 0.10 mm after. All these steps were performed within 3 h, showing that the method is efficient when applied to isocenter optimization. The time required to measure physical isocenter and guide a marker to it for day‐to‐day isocenter QA was under 10 min.ConclusionsWe have presented a modular, practical framework for isocenter characterization and optimization based on physical isocenter, which is a stable and fixed reference point.