bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological distress among women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer: A cross-sectional and longitudinal network analysis
Authors: Wu Liuliu , Sun Lijing , Wang Juan , Sun Yaoyao , Zhang Xuan , Huang Yongqi , Lu Yan’e , Cao Fenglin 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundWomen undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) treatment were generally found to experience varying degrees of psychological distress across the treatment. Existing studies focused on total scores and diagnostic thresholds to characterize the symptoms’ severity, which might hinder scientific progress in understanding and treating psychological distress.AimsWe aimed to investigate (a) how depression and anxiety symptoms are interconnected within a network, and (b) the changes of the network (symptom connections and network centralities) over time, in women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.MethodsA 4-wave longitudinal study was designed with 343 eligible women recruited from the Reproductive Medicine Center of a tertiary hospital in China. The network models were created to explore the relationship and changes between psychopathology symptoms both within and across anxiety and depression, with anxiety measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and depression measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Symptom network analysis was conducted to evaluate network and network properties, network centrality, and bridge centrality, as well as change trajectory network.ResultsFor the strength centrality, “inability to control worry” and “worrying too much” were the most central symptoms at T1; however, these symptoms decreased. The centrality of “sadness” and “guilt” tended to increase steadily and became dominant symptoms. For bridge centrality indices, several bridge symptoms were identified separately from T1 to T4: “irritability,” “concentration difficulties,” “nervousness,” and “restlessness;” “guilt” exhibited increased bridge symptoms. Furthermore, the change trajectory network indicated that “suicide ideation” became more closely related to guilt but not to worrying too much over time.ConclusionThis study provides novel insights into the changes in central features, connections, and bridge symptoms during IVF-ET treatment and identified several bridge symptoms separately at different stages, which could activate the connection between psychopathology symptoms. The results revealed that sense of guilt was associated with worsening psychopathology symptoms, indicating that future psychological interventions should target guilt-related symptoms as a priority.
Use of mixed methods research in intervention studies to increase young people’s interest in STEM: A systematic methodological review
Authors: Fàbregues Sergi , Sáinz Milagros , Romano María José , Escalante-Barrios Elsa Lucia , Younas Ahtisham , López-Pérez Beatriz-Soledad 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionMixed methods research intervention studies integrate quantitative evaluation approaches, such as randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs, with qualitative research to evaluate the effectiveness, efficacy, or other results of an intervention or program. These types of studies, which have attracted growing attention in recent years, enhance the scope and rigor of the evaluation. While various frameworks that summarize the justifications for carrying out these types of studies and provide implementation guidance have been published in the last few years in the health sciences, we do not know whether such frameworks have been properly implemented in the social and educational sciences. This review examined the methodological features and reporting practices of mixed methods intervention studies aimed at increasing young people’s interest in STEM.MethodsA systematic search was carried out in APA PsycNET, ERIC, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science, and a hand search in 20 journals. We included peer-reviewed English-language articles that reported intervention studies with a quantitative component measuring outcomes specific to increasing secondary school students’ interest in STEM fields, a qualitative component conducted before, during, or after the quantitative component, and evidence of integration of both components. Qualitative content analysis and ideal-type analysis were used to synthesize the findings.ResultsWe found 34 studies; the majority published in the last ten years. Several patterns of mixed methods application were described in these studies, illustrating the unique insights that can be gained by employing this methodology. The reporting quality of the included studies was generally adequate, especially regarding the justification for using a mixed methods intervention design and the integration of the quantitative and qualitative components. Nonetheless, a few reporting issues were observed, such as a lack of detail in the presentation of the mixed methods design, an inadequate description of the qualitative sampling and analysis techniques, and the absence of joint displays for representing integration.DiscussionAuthors must pay attention to these issues to ensure that the insights obtained by the use of mixed methods research are effectively communicated.
A cross-sectional study to assess job strain of emergency healthcare workers by Karasek questionnaire: The SEEK study
Authors: Bouillon-Minois Jean-Baptiste , Trousselard Marion , Mulliez Aurélien , Adeyemi Oluwaseun John , Schmidt Jeannot , Thivel David , Ugbolue Ukadike Chris , Borel Marjolaine , Moustafa Farès , Vallet Guillaume T. , Clinchamps Maëlys , Zak Marek , Occelli Céline , Dutheil Frédéric 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundEmergency healthcare workers (eHCWs) are particularly at risk of stress, but data using the gold standard questionnaire of Karasek are scarce. We assessed the level of stress of eHCWs and aimed to compare it with the general population.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional nationwide study in French Emergency Departments (EDs), using the job-content questionnaire of Karasek, compared with the 25,000 answers in the French general population (controls from the SUMER study). The descriptions of job demand, job control, and social support were described as well as the prevalence of job strain and isostrain. Putative factors were searched using mixed-method analysis.ResultsA total of 166 eHCWs (37.9 ± 10.5 years old, 42% men) from five French EDs were included: 53 emergency physicians and 104 emergency paramedics, compared to 25,000 workers with other occupations. Job demand was highest for physicians (28.3 ± 3.3) and paramedics (25.9 ± 3.8), compared to controls (36.0 ± 7.2; p &lt; 0.001). Job control was the lowest for physicians (61.2 ± 5.8) and paramedics (59.1 ± 6.8), compared to controls (70.4 ± 11.7; p &lt; 0.001). Mean social support did not differ between groups (23.6 ± 3.4 for physicians, 22.6 ± 2.9 for paramedics, and 23.7 ± 3.6 for controls). The prevalence of job strain was massively higher for physicians (95.8%) and paramedics (84.8%), compared to controls (23.9%; p &lt; 0.001), as well as for isostrain (45.1% for physicians, 56.8% for paramedics, and 14.3% for controls, p &lt; 0.001). We did not find any significant impact of sociodemographic characteristics on job control, job demand, or social support.ConclusionEmergency healthcare workers have a dramatic rate of job strain, necessitating urgent promotion of policy to take care of them.
Childhood adversity, allostatic load, and adult mental health: Study protocol using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort
Authors: Finlay Sabine , Juster Robert-Paul , Adegboye Oyelola , Rudd Donna , McDermott Brett , Sarnyai Zoltán 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe cumulative burden of chronic stress and life events has been termed allostatic load. Elevated allostatic load indices are associated with different mental health conditions in adulthood. To date, however, the association between elevated allostatic load in childhood and later development of mental health conditions has not been investigated.MethodsUsing data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), we will calculate allostatic load indices using biomarkers representing the cardiovascular, metabolic, immune, and neuroendocrine systems, at the ages of 9 and 17 years. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models will be used to investigate the association between allostatic load and psychiatric disorders in adulthood. Furthermore, the role of adverse childhood experiences as a modifier will be investigated.DiscussionThis protocol describes a strategy for investigating the association between elevated allostatic load indices in childhood at the age of 9 years old and psychiatric disorders in adulthood at 24 years old.
Peer mentoring for smoking cessation in public housing: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Apata Jummai , Goldman Erica , Taraji Hamideh , Samagbeyi Oluwatobi , Assari Shervin , Sheikhattari Payam 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionTobacco use disproportionately affects low-income African American communities. The recent public housing smoke-free policy has increased the demand for effective smoking cessation services and programs in such settings.MethodsThis mixed-method pilot study explored feasibility and potential impact of a peer-mentoring program for smoking cessation in a public housing unit. The quantitative study used a quasi-experimental design while qualitative data were collected via focus group discussions with peer mentors and participants. Three residents of the public housing complex were trained as peer mentors. Each peer mentor recruited up to 10 smokers in the residence and provided them individual support for 12 weeks. All participants were offered Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT). A follow-up investigation was conducted 3 months after completion of the 12-week intervention. At baseline and follow-up, the participants' smoking status was measured using self-report and was verified using exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) monitoring.ResultsThe intervention group was composed of 30 current smokers who received the peer-mentoring intervention. The control group was composed of 14 individuals. Overall mean eCO levels dropped from 26 ppm (SD 19.0) at baseline to 12 (SD 6.0) at follow-up (P &lt; 0.01). Participants who were enrolled in our program were more likely to have non-smoking eCO levels (&lt;7 ppm) at follow-up (23.3%) compared to those who did not enroll (14.3%).ConclusionOur program is feasible for low-income predominantly African American communities. Using peers as mentors may be helpful in providing services for hard-to-reach populations. Given the non-randomized design of our study, randomized trials are needed to test the efficacy of our program in the future.
Multimorbidity and out-of-pocket expenditure on medicine in Europe: Longitudinal analysis of 13 European countries between 2013 and 2015
Authors: Palladino Raffaele , Pan Tianxin , Mercer Stewart W. , Atun Rifat , McPake Barbara , Rubba Fabiana , Triassi Maria , Lee John Tayu 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundMany European Health Systems are implementing or increasing levels of cost-sharing for medicine in response to the growing constrains on public spending on health despite their negative impact on population health due to delay in seeking care.ObjectiveThis study aims to examine the relationships between multimorbidity (two or more coexisting chronic diseases, CDs), complex multimorbidity (three or more CDs impacting at least three different body systems), and out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) for medicine across European nations.MethodsThis study utilized data on participants aged 50 years and above from two recent waves of the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe conducted in 2013 (n = 55,806) and 2015 (n = 51,237). Pooled cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs were used, as well as a two-part model, to analyse the association between multimorbidity and OOPE for medicine.ResultsThe prevalence of multimorbidity was 50.4% in 2013 and 48.2% in 2015. Nearly half of those with multimorbidity had complex multimorbidity. Each additional CD was associated with a 34% greater likelihood of incurring any OOPE for medicine (Odds ratio = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.31–1.36). The average incremental OOPE for medicine was 26.4 euros for each additional CD (95% CI = 25.1–27·7), and 32.1 euros for each additional body system affected (95% CI 30.6–33.7). In stratified analyses for country-specific quartiles of household income the average incremental OOPE for medicine was not significantly different across groups.ConclusionBetween 2013 and 2015 in 13 European Health Systems increased prevalence of CDs was associated with greater likelihood of having OOPE on medication and an increase in the average amount spent when one occurred. Monitoring this indicator is important considering the negative association with treatment adherence and subsequent effects on health.
Secular trends of cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents over a 35-year period: Chronicle of a predicted foretold
Authors: Leone Mario , Levesque Patrick , Bourget-Gaudreault Sabrina , Lemoyne Jean , Kalinova Emilia , Comtois Alain Steve , Bui Hung Tien , Léger Luc , Frémont Pierre , Allisse Maxime 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundIn the context of concerns regarding the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of youth populations, the aims of this study were: (1) to update reference values for the VO2max for school-aged Canadians and (2) to document secular trends in CRF after a 35-year interval.MethodsBetween September 2014 and April 2017, the CRF of 3725 students (53.2% boys; 6.0 to 17.9 yrs) was determined using the 20-m shuttle run test. The sample was collected in 36 different schools from six cities of Québec (Canada).ResultsMedian values of VO2max decreased with age in both sexes (p ≤ 0.05). By the age of 10, more than 20% of boys showed VO2max values below the recommended value (42 ml·kg−1·min−1). At the age of 17, that proportion reached 56.8%. A similar proportion of 12 yrs girls (20%) were under the recommended minimal value (37 ml·kg−1·min−1) and that value reached 69.9% at the age of 17. Compared to 1982, the VO2max at age 17 has declined by 18% for boys and 12% for girls. The situation is worse in terms of functional capacity (number of stages completed) with an overall decrease of more than 30%.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that, compared to data obtained using the same methodology 35 years ago, the CRF and functional capacity of children and adolescents has declined to levels that should raise concerns from a public health perspective. Thus, the development of strategies to promote a physically active lifestyle in youth is more relevant than ever.
Short-term exposure to fine particulate matter and genome-wide DNA methylation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A panel study conducted in Beijing, China
Authors: Duan Ruirui , Niu Hongtao , Dong Fen , Yu Tao , Li Xuexin , Wu Hanna , Zhang Yushi , Yang Ting 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundFine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a crucial risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the mechanisms whereby PM2.5 contribute to COPD risk have not been fully elucidated. Accumulating evidence suggests that epigenetics, including DNA methylation, play an important role in this process; however, the association between PM2.5 exposure and genome-wide DNA methylation in patients with COPD has not been studied.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of personal exposure to PM2.5 and genome-wide DNA methylation changes in the peripheral blood of patients with COPD.MethodsA panel study was conducted in Beijing, China. We repeatedly measured and collected personal PM2.5 data for 72 h. Genome-wide DNA-methylation of peripheral blood was analyzed using the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation BeadChip (850 k). A linear-mixed effect model was used to identify the differentially methylated probe (DMP) associated with PM2.5. Finally, we performed a functional enrichment analysis of the DMPs that were significantly associated with PM2.5.ResultsA total of 24 COPD patients were enrolled and 48 repeated DNA methylation measurements were associated in this study. When the false discovery rate was &lt; 0.05, 19 DMPs were significantly associated with PM2.5 and were annotated to corresponding genes. Functional enrichment analysis of these genes showed that they were related to the response to toxic substances, regulation of tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production, regulation of photosensitivity 3-kinase signaling, and other pathways.ConclusionThis study provided evidence for a significant relationship between personal PM2.5 exposure and DNA methylation in patients with COPD. Our research also revealed a new biological pathway explaining the adverse effects of PM2.5 exposure on COPD risk.
Patients' choice preferences for specialist outpatient online consultations: A discrete choice experiment
Authors: Wu Mengqiu , Li Yuhan , Ma Chengyu 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundInternet hospitals are multiplying with solid support from the Chinese government. In internet hospitals, specialist outpatient online consultations (SOOC) are the primary services. However, the acceptance and utilization rates of this service are still low. Thus, the study of patients' choice preferences for SOOC is needed.ObjectiveTo analyze the choice preference of patients' SOOC via a discrete choice experiment, understand the influence of each factor and promote the development of internet hospitals.MethodsVia a discrete selection experiment, a total of 162 patients from two general hospitals and three specialized hospitals in Beijing were selected for the questionnaire survey. The choice preferences were analyzed by conditional logit regression.ResultsFrom high to low, patients' willingness to pay (WTP) for the attributes of SOOC is as follows: doctors' recommendation rate (βhighly recommend = 0.999), the convenience of applying SOOC services (βConvenient = 0.760), the increasing ratio of medical insurance payment for online services compared to offline (βIncrease by 10% = 0.545), and the disease's severity (βsevere = −3.024). The results of the subgroup analysis showed differences in patient choice preference by age, whether the patients had chronic diseases, income, and medical insurance types.ConclusionBoth price and nonprice attributes influence the choice preference of SOOC for patients. Among them, patients are more inclined to choose SOOC when doctors highly recommend it, when it is convenient to apply, when medical insurance increases by 10%, and when disease severity is mild. The current findings show the government and medical institutions formulate auxiliary policies and welfare strategies by clarifying core attributes and adjusting the levels of different attributes to improve patients' acceptance of SOOC. The utility of SOOC and the further development of internet hospitals are radically promoted.
How does the turnover intention of village clinic doctors change after China's new health care system reform? A comparison based on three surveys in a province in eastern China
Authors: Lv Haiyuan , Zhou Lifang , Yu Zhaofeng , Shao Jiaxian , Yu Yuncong , Yin Wenqiang , Chen Zhongming 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThis study aims to analyze the changes in village clinic doctors' turnover intention following the new health care system reform (NHCSR).MethodsAll the data were obtained from three surveys conducted in 2012, 2015, and 2018 in a province in eastern China. Descriptive analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the changes in village clinic doctors' turnover intention.ResultsThe mean scores of village clinic doctors' turnover intention were 2.87 ± 1.07, 2.76 ± 1.12, and 2.99 ± 1.14 in 2012, 2015, and 2018, respectively, with a significant difference (F = 3.60, P = 0.03). During the 3 years, the turnover intention scores of village clinic doctors who were male, aged 40 years and below, secondary technical school graduates, had the qualifications to practice as village clinic doctors, and were under village-township integrated management first decreased and then increased. The turnover intention scores of village clinic doctors with medical practitioner qualifications increased; however, the scores, decreased for those without village-township integrated management.ConclusionThe turnover intention of village clinic doctors has increased, and the possible reasons for this phenomenon include changes in the demographic characteristics of village clinic doctors and policy factors. The government should pay more attention to the problems that village clinic doctors consider of urgent concern, such as the treatment of income and pension insurance, and provide greater career development and training opportunities for village clinic doctors to maintain their motivation and stability.
“A reinstilled hope that they can change”: Facilitator perspectives on a self-care and health promotion peer group program for veterans
Authors: Richard Bonnie O. , Abadi Melissa H. , Drake Connor D. , Rychener David , Bauer Rachel 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThis study assessed the relevance, value, and effectiveness of “Taking Charge of My Life and Health” (TCMLH), a patient wellbeing peer group program for U.S. veterans focused on empowering them to identify what really matters in their lives and to work toward health goals that align with their mission, aspirations, or purpose in life. The potential of TCMLH to empower veterans to engage in self-care behaviors, make health behavior changes, and participate in health care decision making is important, as veterans are more likely than the general population to suffer from multiple chronic conditions that require ongoing self-management.MethodsWe conducted individual semi-structured interviews with 19 TCMLH facilitators serving in eight U.S. Veteran's Health Administration medical centers. Data were analyzed using an inductive approach to identify salient themes in facilitators' experiences.ResultsFacilitators reported that TCMLH participants demonstrated positive attitude changes (e.g., greater confidence and hope) and behavior changes (e.g., making healthcare appointments and implementing self-care practices) by program completion. Further, findings show that mindful awareness practices, the peer group setting, Whole Health assessment tools, and goal setting tools were perceived as the most impactful program elements leading to positive health behavior change.ConclusionOverall, findings suggest that this non-clinical peer group program can enhance patient wellbeing, and that there are certain program elements of TCMLH that are driving key attitudinal and behavioral changes.