bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of the smartphone app DiaCert on health related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes: results from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hummel Madeleine , Bonn Stephanie Erika , Trolle Lagerros Ylva 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of impaired quality of life. Improving health related quality of life (HRQoL) is therefore an important goal in the multimodal management of diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the use of the smartphone app DiaCert, that encourage physical activity by promoting daily steps, also impacts HRQoL in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
In this randomized controlled trial, a total of 181 participants with type 2 diabetes were recruited from six health care centers in Stockholm, Sweden. At baseline, participants were randomized 1:1 to the use of the smartphone app DiaCert for a 3 month physical activity intervention in addition to routine care, or to a control group with routine care only. HRQoL was measured using the RAND-36 questionnaire at baseline and at follow-up after 3 months and 6 months. We analysed the HRQoL scores within the intervention and the control groups, respectively, using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Between group differences including intervention effect after the 3 month long intervention and after 6 months of follow-up, were assessed using generalized estimating equation models.

Results
In total, 166 participants, 108 men and 58 women, with complete baseline data on RAND-36 were included in analysis. The mean age was 60.2 (SD 11.4) years and the mean Body Mass Index 30.3 (SD 5.4) kg/m2. The intervention effect, expressed in terms of the difference in change in HRQoL from baseline to follow-up after 3 months of intervention, showed improvement in the health concept role limitations due to physical health problems (− 16.9; 95% CI − 28.5 to − 5.4), role limitations due to emotional problems (− 13.9; 95% CI − 25.8 to − 2.1), and emotional well-being (− 5.7; 95% CI − 10.4 to − 1.0), in the intervention group compared to the control group. No intervention effect was seen at follow-up after 6 months.

Conclusions
Being randomized to use the smartphone app DiaCert promoting physical activity for 3 months, improved aspects of both physical and emotional HRQoL in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to routine care, but the effect did not last 3 months after the intervention ended.
Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03053336.
Comparing the accuracy of point-of-care with laboratory (capillary, venous, and arterial) blood glucose levels in critically ill patients with and without shock
Authors: Alshaer Abdulaziz , Badgheish Basma A. , Alsadah Zahra Hashim , Sewify Khalid , Alghazal Sarah , Alzahrani Sarah , Qadi Abeer , Alqahtani Reham , Farsani Ghadeer Abdullah , Shilash Amal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To compare the accuracy of point-of-care capillary and venous/arterial samples to laboratory testing of venous/arterial samples in critically sick shocked and non-shocked patients. This is a prospective case–control study including capillary, venous, and arterial blood samples from 268 critically ill patients. The King Fahd Military Medical Complex in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, was the site of this investigation.

Results
We were able to obtain data on 268 patients for this investigation. POCT and lab findings of venous and central blood did not differ significantly (P = 0.389 and 0.208), while POCT indicated somewhat higher results with venous glucose concentrations of 10.18 and 10.05 (POCT and lab tests respectively) and 9.18 and 9.54 (POCT and lab tests respectively). In addition, the mean differences between POC and laboratory analyses of venous, arterial, and central glucose were 0.13, − 1.75, and − 0.36 mmol/L for venous, arterial, and central glucose, respectively. Except for arterial blood glucose, we did not observe a significant difference between POCT and routine laboratory analysis of glucose concentrations in critically ill patients. Compared to laboratory blood analysis, the use of POCT is marginally accurate, with no difference between shocked and non-shocked patients.
The spectrum of tuberculosis described as differential DNA methylation patterns in alveolar macrophages and alveolar T cells
Authors: Pehrson Isabelle , Sayyab Shumaila , Das Jyotirmoy , Idh Nina , Paues Jakob , Méndez-Aranda Melissa , Ugarte-Gil César , Lerm Maria 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Host innate immune cells have been identified as key players in the early eradication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and in the maintenance of an anti-mycobacterial immune memory, which we and others have shown are induced through epigenetic reprogramming. Studies on human tuberculosis immunity are dominated by those using peripheral blood as surrogate markers for immunity. We aimed to investigate DNA methylation patterns in immune cells of the lung compartment by obtaining induced sputum from M. tuberculosis- exposed subjects including symptom-free subjects testing positively and negatively for latent tuberculosis as well as patients diagnosed with active tuberculosis. Alveolar macrophages and alveolar T cells were isolated from the collected sputum and DNA methylome analyses performed (Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 450 k).

Results
Multidimensional scaling analysis revealed that DNA methylomes of cells from the tuberculosis-exposed subjects and controls appeared as separate clusters. The numerous genes that were differentially methylated between the groups were functionally connected and overlapped with previous findings of trained immunity and tuberculosis. In addition, analysis of the interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) status of the subjects demonstrated that the IGRA status was reflected in the DNA methylome by a unique signature.

Conclusions
This pilot study suggests that M. tuberculosis induces epigenetic reprogramming in immune cells of the lung compartment, reflected as a specific DNA methylation pattern. The DNA methylation signature emerging from the comparison of IGRA-negative and IGRA-positive subjects revealed a spectrum of signature strength with the TB patients grouping together at one end of the spectrum, both in alveolar macrophages and T cells. DNA methylation-based biosignatures could be considered for further development towards a clinically useful tool for determining tuberculosis infection status and the level of tuberculosis exposure.
Overview of the meningeal lymphatic vessels in aging and central nervous system disorders
Authors: Jiang Huimin , Wei Huimin , Zhou Yifan , Xiao Xuechun , Zhou Chen , Ji Xunming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the aging process and central nervous system (CNS) diseases, the functions of the meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) are impaired. Alterations in MLVs have been observed in aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, and even cerebrovascular disease. These findings reveal a new perspective on aging and CNS disorders and provide a promising therapeutic target. Additionally, recent neuropathological studies have shown that MLVs exchange soluble components between the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF) and drain metabolites, cellular debris, misfolded proteins, and immune cells from the CSF into the deep cervical lymph nodes (dCLNs), directly connecting the brain with the peripheral circulation. Impairment and dysfunction of meningeal lymphatics can lead to the accumulation of toxic proteins in the brain, exacerbating the progression of neurological disorders. However, for many CNS diseases, the causal relationship between MLVs and neuropathological changes is not fully clear. Here, after a brief historical retrospection, we review recent discoveries about the hallmarks of MLVs and their roles in the aging and CNS diseases, as well as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurologic diseases.
A systematic review on effective energy utilization management strategies in cloud data centers
Authors: Panwar Suraj Singh , Rauthan M. M. S. , Barthwal Varun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractData centers are becoming considerably more significant and energy-intensive due to the exponential growth of cloud computing. Cloud computing allows people to access computer resources on demand. It provides amenities on the pay-as-you-go basis across the data center locations spread over the world. Consequently, cloud data centers consume a lot of electricity and leave a proportional carbon impact on the environment. There is a need to investigate efficient energy-saving approaches to reduce the massive energy usage in cloud servers. This review paper focuses on identifying the research done in the field of energy consumption (EC) using different techniques of machine learning, heuristics, metaheuristics, and statistical methods. Host CPU utilization prediction, underload/overload detection, virtual machine selection, migration, and placement have been performed to manage the resources and achieve efficient energy utilization. In this review, energy savings achieved by different techniques are compared. Many researchers have tried various methods to reduce energy usage and service level agreement violations (SLAV) in cloud data centers. By using the heuristic approach, researchers have saved 5.4% to 90% of energy with their proposed methods compared with the existing methods. Similarly, the metaheuristic approaches reduce energy consumption from 7.68% to 97%, the machine learning methods from 1.6% to 88.5%, and the statistical methods from 5.4% to 84% when compared to the benchmark approaches for a variety of settings and parameters. So, making energy use more efficient could cut down the air pollution, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and even the amount of water needed to make power. The overall outcome of this review work is to understand different methods used by researchers to save energy in cloud data centers.
Changes in quality-adjusted life expectancy in Belgium, 2013 and 2018
Authors: Scohy Aline , Charafeddine Rana , Van Wilder Lisa , Van Oyen Herman , De Smedt Delphine , Devleesschauwer Brecht 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
No information is available in Belgium on life expectancy adjusted for health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) captures the multidimensionality of health by accounting for losses in mortality and HRQoL linked to physical, mental, and social impairments. The objective of this study is to estimate for Belgium QALE, the changes in QALE between 2013 and 2018 and the contribution of mortality, HRQoL and its dimensions to this trend.

Methods
The Belgian Health Interview Survey (BHIS), a representative sample of the general population, included the EQ-5D-5L instrument in 2013 and 2018. The tool assesses HRQoL comprising five dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression) using a 5-level severity scoring to define a large variety of health states. The Sullivan method was used to compute at different ages QALE by gender using mortality data from the Belgian statistical office and average EQ-5D scores from the BHIS. QALE was calculated for 2013 and 2018, and changes in QALE over time were decomposed into mortality and ill-health effect.

Results
In 2018, QALE at age 15 years (QALE15) was 56.3 years for women and 55.8 years for men, a decrease from 2013 by 0.7 year for women and a stagnation for men. In men, the decrease in mortality counterbalanced the decline in HRQoL. The decline in QALE in women is driven by a decrease in mortality rates that is too small to compensate for the substantial decline in HRQoL before the age of 50 years. In women at older ages, improvements in HRQoL are observed. In women, QALE15 is decreasing due to an increase in pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression and problems in usual activities. In men at age 15, the pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression domains contributed to the stagnation. QALE65 increased somewhat, due to an improvement in self-care and mobility for both genders, and usual activities and anxiety/depression in men only.

Conclusion
The strength of QALE as member of the family of composite indicators, the health expectancies, is the multidimensional structure of the underlying health component, including both ill-health with different health domains as levels of severity. The ability to decompose differences in the health expectancy not only into a mortality and health component but also into the different health dimensions allows to better inform on general population health trends. Next, compared to other health expectancy indicators, QALE is more sensitive to changes at younger ages.
Degradation of low density polyethylene by Bacillus species
Authors: Yao Zhuang , Seong Hyeon Jeong , Jang Yu-Sin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSince its invention, polyethylene (PE) has brought many conveniences to human production and life. In recent years, however, environmental pollution and threats to human health caused by insufficient PE recycling have attracted widespread attention. Biodegradation is a potential solution for preventing PE pollution. In this study, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, which are widespread in the environment, were examined for their PE degradation abilities. Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was assessed by weight loss, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses. Weight losses of 3.49% and 2.83% were observed for samples exposed to strains B. subtilis ATCC6051 and B. licheniformis ATCC14580 for 30 days. Optical microscopy revealed obvious structural changes, such as cracks, pits, and roughness, on the surfaces of the microorganism-exposed LDPE sheets. Oxidation of the LDPE sheet surfaces was also demonstrated by the FTIR-based observation of carbon-unsaturated, –OH, –NO, –C=C, and –C–O bonds. These results support the notion that B. subtilis ATCC6051 and B. licheniformis ATCC14580 can degrade PE and could potentially be used as PE-biodegrading microorganisms. Further research is needed to examine potential relevant degradation mechanisms, such as those involving key enzymes.
Association of tumor immune microenvironment profiling and 21-gene recurrence assay in early breast cancer patients
Authors: Tong Yiwei , Huang Jiahui , Ren Weili , Yu Jing , Zhang Xu , Wang Zheng , Hong Jin , Gao Weiqi , Wu Jiayi , Ji Min , Shen Kunwei , Chen Xiaosong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a vital role in breast cancer development, treatment resistance, and prognosis. This study evaluates the association of TIME profiling and 21-gene recurrence score (RS) in early Luminal breast cancer patients.

Methods
ER+ /HER2-, pN0 breast cancer patients with available RS results who received surgery between January 2009 and December 2013 were enrolled. TIME markers, including stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), CD3, CD4, CD8, and tumor PD-L1 expression, were comprehensively analyzed. Association of TIME markers with RS, as well as their correlation with breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) were tested.

Results
Overall, 385 patients were included, of whom 341 (88.6%) had TILs ≤10%. TIME markers were positively but moderately correlated with each other (Spearman r 0.28–0.53, all P < 0.05). Continuous RS showed a weak correlation with continuous TILs, CD3, CD8, and PD-L1. Regarding single gene mRNA level in the 21-gene RS panel, higher expression of TIME markers was related to lower ER group genes expression, but higher proliferation and invasion group genes level. After a median follow-up of 91.67 (range 5.03–134.03) months, TILs (P = 0.049) and PD-L1 (P = 0.034) were inversely associated with BCSS.

Conclusions
Breast cancer TIME markers, including TILs, CD3, CD4, CD8, and PD-L1, were correlated with 21-gene RS score. Lower expression of ER group genes, as well as higher expression of proliferation and invasion group genes were associated with a higher level of these TIME markers, warranting further exploration.
Early predicting 30-day mortality in sepsis in MIMIC-III by an artificial neural networks model
Authors: Su Yingjie , Guo Cuirong , Zhou Shifang , Li Changluo , Ding Ning 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
Early identifying sepsis patients who had higher risk of poor prognosis was extremely important. The aim of this study was to develop an artificial neural networks (ANN) model for early predicting clinical outcomes in sepsis.

Methods
This study was a retrospective design. Sepsis patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III (MIMIC-III) database were enrolled. A predictive model for predicting 30-day morality in sepsis was performed based on the ANN approach.

Results
A total of 2874 patients with sepsis were included and 30-day mortality was 29.8%. The study population was categorized into the training set (n = 1698) and validation set (n = 1176) based on the ratio of 6:4. 11 variables which showed significant differences between survivor group and nonsurvivor group in training set were selected for constructing the ANN model. In training set, the predictive performance based on the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) were 0.873 for ANN model, 0.720 for logistic regression, 0.629 for APACHEII score and 0.619 for SOFA score. In validation set, the AUCs of ANN, logistic regression, APAHCEII score, and SOFA score were 0.811, 0.752, 0.607, and 0.628, respectively.

Conclusion
An ANN model for predicting 30-day mortality in sepsis was performed. Our predictive model can be beneficial for early detection of patients with higher risk of poor prognosis.
Evaluation of family physicians’ anxiety during the COVID-19 process: provincial example from Turkey
Authors: Yazicioglu Bahadir , Oruc Muhammet Ali , Ozdemir Sule 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn the natural progression of COVID-19, recovery usually takes months in most cases. Comprehensive evaluation of underlying complications requires a holistic approach as in primary health care, which creates additional workload and stress for family physicians.MethodsThe descriptive-cross-sectional study was carried out in 226 family physicians in Samsun, Turkey. Ethical permissions were obtained to conduct the study. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scale was used as data collection tool.Results214 physicians were included in the study. The majority of the participants in the study were female. Most of the family physicians were not specialist physicians. Most of them were married. The majority of family physicians do not smoke and did not have any chronic diseases. The trait anxiety score of the physicians was 43.40 ± 8.50, and the situational anxiety score was 48.09 ± 11.55. The correlation between trait anxiety and situational anxiety was positive and significant. Gender difference did not make a significant difference on anxiety. Anxiety was significantly higher in patients with chronic disease. Marital status, having a child, and a history of COVID disease do not have a significant effect on anxiety.ConclusionAt the beginning of the COVID pandemic, the greatest struggle was given in secondary and tertiary healthcare institutions. In the following process, this burden shifted to primary health care institutions. This situation has increased the workload and stress of family physicians working in primary care. Therefore, it also increased perceived anxiety. Individuals with high trait anxiety scores have higher state anxiety scores.
NEB mutations disrupt the super-relaxed state of myosin and remodel the muscle metabolic proteome in nemaline myopathy
Authors: Ranu Natasha , Laitila Jenni , Dugdale Hannah F. , Mariano Jennifer , Kolb Justin S. , Wallgren-Pettersson Carina , Witting Nanna , Vissing John , Vilchez Juan Jesus , Fiorillo Chiara , Zanoteli Edmar , Auranen Mari , Jokela Manu , Tasca Giorgio , Claeys Kristl G. , Voermans Nicol C. , Palmio Johanna , Huovinen Sanna , Moggio Maurizio , Beck Thomas Nyegaard , Kontrogianni-Konstantopoulos Aikaterini , Granzier Henk , Ochala Julien 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNemaline myopathy (NM) is one of the most common non-dystrophic genetic muscle disorders. NM is often associated with mutations in the NEB gene. Even though the exact NEB-NM pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear, histological analyses of patients’ muscle biopsies often reveal unexplained accumulation of glycogen and abnormally shaped mitochondria. Hence, the aim of the present study was to define the exact molecular and cellular cascade of events that would lead to potential changes in muscle energetics in NEB-NM. For that, we applied a wide range of biophysical and cell biology assays on skeletal muscle fibres from NM patients as well as untargeted proteomics analyses on isolated myofibres from a muscle-specific nebulin‐deficient mouse model. Unexpectedly, we found that the myosin stabilizing conformational state, known as super-relaxed state, was significantly impaired, inducing an increase in the energy (ATP) consumption of resting muscle fibres from NEB-NM patients when compared with controls or with other forms of genetic/rare, acquired NM. This destabilization of the myosin super-relaxed state had dynamic consequences as we observed a remodeling of the metabolic proteome in muscle fibres from nebulin‐deficient mice. Altogether, our findings explain some of the hitherto obscure hallmarks of NM, including the appearance of abnormal energy proteins and suggest potential beneficial effects of drugs targeting myosin activity/conformations for NEB-NM.
Investigating high permeable zones in non-volcanic geothermal systems using lineament analysis and fault fracture density (FFD): northern Konawe Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Arrofi Daffa , Abu-Mahfouz Israa S. , Prayudi Sinatrya Diko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIndonesia has high geothermal potential comprising 40% of the world’s potential geothermal energy, volcanic and non-volcanic systems. Volcanic systems have witnessed more exploration activities for geothermal resources compared to non-volcanic systems. A high potential non-volcanic system in Indonesia is located in the northern part of Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi. Previous research had identified surface temperature anomaly (high temperature) and some surface manifestations for this area, specifically in the northeast part of Wawolesea. However, the source of surface manifestations and permeable zones as an implication of a good reservoir are still unknown. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the permeable zones and geothermal potential in the non-volcanic geothermal system of north Wawolesea by applying lineaments analysis and the fault fracture density (FFD) method. A total of 1694 major and minor lineaments were manually delineated using ArcGIS based on Digital Elevation Model Nasional (DEMNAS). FFD map and rose diagrams displayed the orientation of all lineaments and structures with the major lineaments trending NNE–SSW, whereas the minor lineaments showed irregular distribution and orientation. Field measurements also show the same azimuth orientation for the mapped fractures. Five zones were characterized by high FFD values (2.81–4.54 km/km2). One of the extensively fractured zones (Zone C) is located between Meluhu and Lembo, covering an area of around 19.39 km2. This area is interpreted to be highly permeable and suggestive of a recharge area that contributes to surface manifestation in the Wawolesea. Therefore, the area between Meluhu and Lembo in the northern part of Konawe shows high geothermal potential due to its planar morphology and high FFD values. This study allows an improved understanding of how fracture geometry, distribution and density control the permeability in geothermal reservoirs.