bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The quality of diagnostic guidelines for children in primary care: A meta‐epidemiological study
Authors: Thomas Elizabeth T , Thomas Sarah T , Perera Rafael , Gill Peter J , Moloney Susan , Heneghan Carl 
Published: June 2023

AimTo determine the quality of paediatric guidelines relevant to diagnosis of three of the most common conditions in primary care: fever, gastroenteritis and constipation.MethodsWe undertook a meta‐epidemiological study of paediatric guidelines for fever, gastroenteritis and gastroenteritis. We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Trip Database, Guidelines International Network, the National Guideline Clearinghouse and WHO from February 2011 to September 2022 for guidelines from high‐income settings containing diagnostic recommendations. We assessed the quality of guideline reporting for included guidelines using the AGREE II tool.ResultsWe included 16 guidelines: fever (n = 7); constipation (n = 4) and gastroenteritis (n = 5). The overall quality across the three conditions was graded moderate (median AGREE II score 4.5/7, range 2.5–6.5) with constipation guidelines rated the highest (median 6/7), and fever rated the lowest (median 3.8/7). Major methodological weaknesses included consideration of guideline applicability. Half of the guidelines did not report involving parent representatives, and 56% did not adequately declare or address their competing interests.ConclusionsSubstantial variations exist in the quality of paediatric guidelines related to the diagnosis of primary care presentations. Better quality guidance is needed for general practitioners to improve diagnosis for children in primary care.
The effects of ergonomic sleep mask use on sleep quality and comfort in intensive care patients
Authors: Altintaş Sibel , Çelik Sevim , Karahan Elif 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThis study was conducted to determine the effects of the use of ergonomic sleep mask on sleep quality and comfort in intensive care patients. This randomised controlled experimental study was completed with 128 surgical intensive care patients (control = 64, experimental = 64). During the second night of their stay in the unit, ergonomic sleep masks were given to the patients in the experimental group, and earplugs and eye masks were given to the patients in the control group. A Patient information form, Visual analogue scale for discomfort, and the Richard‐Campbell sleep questionnaire were used to collect data. While 51.6% of the patients were female, the mean age of the patients was 63.87 ± 14.94 years. The highest rates of patients had undergone cardiovascular surgery (28.9%) and general anaesthesia (57.8%). It was determined that the sleep quality of the patients in the experimental group was statistically and clinically significantly higher after the intervention (50.86 ± 21.46 vs 37.64 ± 14.97, t = −5.355, Cohen's d = 0.450, p < 0.001). Likewise, the patients who used ergonomic sleep masks had a statistically significantly lower mean VAS for Discomfort score, and their comfort level was higher (p < 0.001), but the difference was not clinically significant (Cohen's d = 0.208). The results of this study showed that the use of ergonomic sleep masks in surgical intensive care patients had a more positive effect on both the sleep quality and comfort levels of patients compared with earplugs and eye masks. The use of an ergonomic sleep mask is recommended in the early period to facilitate sleep and rest in surgical intensive care patients.
Fungal translocation measured by serum 1,3‐ß‐D‐glucan correlates with severity and outcome of liver cirrhosis—A pilot study
Authors: Egger Matthias , Horvath Angela , Prüller Florian , Fickert Peter , Finkelman Malcolm , Kriegl Lisa , Grønbæk Henning , Møller Holger Jon , Prattes Juergen , Krause Robert , Hoenigl Martin , Stadlbauer Vanessa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground & AimsOn a global scale, liver cirrhosis is attributable to ~1 million deaths per year. This systemic disease comes along with diverse sequelae, including microbiota alterations, increased gut permeability and translocation of microbial components into the systemic circulation. Alongside the extensively studied influence of bacterial translocation and its host–pathogen interactions, far less is known about the role and impact of fungal components once having crossed the intestinal barrier.MethodsIncluding 70 patients with different aetiologies of liver cirrhosis, we investigated the relationship between fungal translocation, measured by 1,3‐β‐D‐glucan (BDG), and biomarkers of gut integrity, inflammation and severity/outcome of liver disease.ResultsPatients with cirrhosis Child–Pugh class (CPC)‐B were more likely to have positive serum BDG (aOR 5.4, 95% CI 1.2–25.2) compared to patients with cirrhosis CPC‐A. BDG showed a moderate positive correlation with several markers of inflammation (sCD206, sCD163, Interleukin 8, interferon‐gamma‐induced protein). Mortality differed significantly between patients with positive versus negative BDG (log‐rank test, p = 0.015). The multivariable Cox regression model yielded an aHR of 6.8 (95% CI 1.8–26.3).DiscussionWe observed trends for increased fungal translocation depending on the severity of liver cirrhosis, an association of BDG with an inflammatory environment and the adverse effects of BDG on disease outcome. In order to gain more in‐depth knowledge about (fungal‐)dysbiosis and its detrimental consequences in the setting of liver cirrhosis, these trends need to be studied in more detail including prospective sequential testing in larger cohorts together with mycobiome analyses. This will further elucidate complex host–pathogen interactions and potentially introduce points of application for therapeutic interventions.
Executive Functions: What are they Good for? A Perspective from Intervention Research
Authors: Barnes Marcia A. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTBecause deficits in executive functions (EFs) characterize most neurodevelopmental disorders, it is appropriate to question the value of EFs for understanding learning disabilities. Two types of studies—those testing whether EFs moderate treatment effects and those testing the direction of effects between EFs and academic skills—are presented to support the idea that EFs are useful for the study of learning disabilities in the context of intervention. Moderator effects in reading and math intervention studies suggest that considering EFs to be properties of not only persons, but also interventions is important for understanding treatment effects and for designing more effective interventions. An experimental study comparing math word problem solving interventions and EF interventions provides evidence for bidirectional development of working memory and math word problem solving. Directions for future experimental research that systematically and more rapidly investigate growth in EFs and academic skills in individuals with learning disabilities are presented.
Impacts of Quaternary glaciation, geological history and geography on animal species history in continental East Asia: A phylogeographic review
Authors: Fu Jinzhong , Wen Longying 
Published: June 2023

AbstractContinental East Asia has a mild Pleistocene climate and a complex recent geological history. Phylogeographic studies of animals over the last 30 years have produced several distinctive patterns. Glaciation refugia are numerous and are not restricted to any particular regions. Most of them are localized and species‐specific, although several large refugia, for example the mountains of SW China, are shared by multiple species and have refugia‐within‐refugia. Furthermore, postglaciation range expansion events vary greatly in time, scale and direction. Large‐scale south‐to‐north post‐LGM expansions are few and mostly occurred in the northern regions. Additionally, several unique geographic features, including the three‐step terrain of China and the northern arid belt, have significant impacts on many species histories. Overall, the impacts of Pleistocene glaciations, particularly the LGM, on species history vary drastically from nondetectable to significant. The impacts are the least for species from the southwestern region and are most dominant for species from the north. Geological events play a more significant role in shaping species history than Pleistocene climatic changes. Phylogeographic patterns among animals species are highly consistent with those of plants. Future phylogeographic endeavour in East Asia should be hypothesis‐driven and seek processes that underlie common patterns. The wide use of genomic data allow accurate estimates of historical population processes and exploration of older history beyond the Pleistocene.
Mattering: Per/forming nursing philosophy in the Chthulucene
Authors: Laurin Annie‐Claude , Hopkins‐Walsh Jane , Smith Jamie B. , Brown Brandon , Martin Patrick , Tedjasukmana Emmanuel Christian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an overview of the process of entanglement at the 25th International Philosophy of Nursing Conference (IPNC) at University of California at Irvine held on August 18, 2022. Representing collective work from the US, Canada, UK and Germany, our panel entitled ‘What can critical posthuman philosophies do for nursing?’ examined critical posthumanism and its operations and potential in nursing. Critical posthumanism offers an antifascist, feminist, material, affective, and ecologically entangled approach to nursing and healthcare. Rather than focusing on the arguments of each of the three distinct but interrelated panel presentation pieces, this paper instead focuses on process and performance (per/formance) and performativity as relational, connected and situated, with connections to nursing philosophy. Building upon critical feminist and new materialist philosophies, we describe intra‐activity and performativity as ways to dehierarchise knowledge making practices within traditional academic conference spaces. Creating critical cartographies of thinking and being are actions of possibility for building more just and equitable futures for nursing, nurses, and those they accompany—including all humans, nonhumans, and more than human matter.
Performative translation, and the impossibility of Romantic mediation in Thomas Carlyle's Sartor Resartus (1834)
Authors: Bentley‐Hussey Dominic , de Groote Brecht 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhilst Thomas Carlyle's Sartor Resartus has sparked a variety of critical interpretations since its publication, it has never been read as a pseudotranslation. Building upon recent research in this field, this article proposes that through its pseudotranslational imitation of late‐Romantic periodical translations, Sartor critiques the highly self‐aware performativity on which this writing is founded. Through media‐theoretical analysis, this article argues that translation as it appeared within late‐Romantic periodicals constructs elaborate textual performances of its own mediation, through references to the media ecology within which it operates. The article demonstrates that Sartor mounts two parallel critiques of this mode of translation through its reproduction of its performative strategies: first, through the way in which these performances of mediation are portrayed as impeding mediation; second, through the philosophy of language itself being pseudotranslated. In this way, Carlyle stages a confrontation between two distinct modes of Romantic writing: its symbolic and immanent ideal contrasts with its performative and mediative reality.
Magnetic resonance imaging is safe in patients with left bundle branch pacing
Authors: Bernardes‐Souza Breno , Bhatt Raj V. , Bayoneta Aileen Joy S. , Seo Jungsik , Finn John P. , Mori Shumpei , Do Duc H. , Boyle Noel G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) has dramatically increased since it was first described in 2016, but to date there are no published data on the safety of performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in these patients.MethodsPatients with LBBP who underwent MRI between January 2016 and October 2022 were retrospectively studied in our clinical center, which has a special program for imaging patients with cardiac devices. All patients underwent close cardiac monitoring throughout the MRI scans. Occurrence of arrhythmias or other adverse effects during MRI were assessed. LBBP lead parameters immediately pre‐ and post‐MRI and at an outpatient follow‐up were compared.ResultsFifteen patients with LBBP underwent a total of 19 MRI sessions during the study period. Lead parameters did not significantly change after the MRI or on follow‐up, which took place at a median of 91 days after the MRI. No patient developed arrhythmias during the MRI sessions, and no adverse effects such as lead dislodgement were reported.ConclusionAlthough larger studies are necessary to verify our findings, MRI in patients with LBBP appears safe based on this initial case series.
Feasibility of energy‐guided short duration protocol of laser balloon based pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation (EG‐Laser Study)
Authors: Sano Makoto , Naruse Yoshihisa , Kaneko Yutaro , Sakakibara Tomoaki , Narumi Taro , Urushida Tsuyoshi , Maekawa Yuichiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundLaser balloon‐based pulmonary vein isolation (LB‐PVI) is available for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. The lesion size depends on laser energy; however, the default protocol is not an energy‐based setting. We hypothesized that an energy‐guided (EG) short‐duration protocol may be an alternative to shorten the procedure time without affecting efficacy and safety.MethodsWe evaluated the efficacy and safety of the EG short‐duration protocol (EG group) (target energy 120 J/site [12W/10s; 10W/12s; 8.5W/14s; 5.5W/22s]) compared with the default protocol (control group) (12W/20s; 10W/20s; 8.5W/20s; 5.5W/30s).ResultsA total of 52 consecutive patients (EG: n = 27 [103veins] and control: n = 25 [91veins]) undergoing LB‐PVI (64 ± 10 years, 81% male, 77% paroxysmal) were enrolled. The EG group had a shorter total time in the pulmonary vein (PV) (43.0 ± 13.9 min vs. 61.1 ± 16.0 min, p < .0001), a shorter total laser application time (1348 ± 254 sec vs. 2032 ± 424 sec, p < .0001), and lower total laser energy (12455 ± 2284J vs. 18084 ± 3746J, p < .0001). There was no difference in the total number of laser applications (p = 0269) or first‐pass isolation (p = .725). Acute reconduction was identified only in one vein in the EG. No significant differences were observed in the incidence of pinhole rupture (7.4% vs. 4%, p = 1.000) or phrenic nerve palsy (3.7% vs. 12%, p = .341). During a mean follow‐up of 13.5 ± 6.1 months, Kaplan‐Meier analysis revealed no significant difference in atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence (p = .227).ConclusionLB‐PVI with the EG short‐duration protocol may be achieved in a shorter procedure time to avoid deterioration of efficacy and safety. The EG protocol is feasible as a novel point‐by‐point manual laser‐application approach.
Monitoring anesthesia depth with patient state index during pediatric surgery
Authors: Ricci Zaccaria , Robino Chiara , Rufini Paolo , Cumbo Silvia , Cavallini Sara , Gobbi Lorenzo , Brocchi Agata , Serio Paola , Romagnoli Stefano 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMonitoring anesthesia depth in children is challenging. Pediatric anesthesiologists estimate general anesthesia depth using indirect methods such as pharmacokinetic models and neurovegetative reflexes. The application of processed electroencephalography may help to identify the correct anesthesia depth (i.e., patient state index between 25 and 50).AimsTo determine the median values of patient state index and spectral edge frequency 95% in children undergoing general anesthesia conducted according to indirect evaluation of depth. The relationships between patient state index and spectral edge frequency 95% and indirect monitoring of anesthesia depth, type of anesthesia, age subgroups, and postoperative delirium were also assessed.MethodsA prospective observational study on children (aged 1–18 years) undergoing surgery longer than 60 min. The SedLine monitor and the novel SedLine pediatric sensors (Masimo Inc., Irvine California) were applied. Patient state index levels were recorded for the duration of the anesthesia until the discharge to the ward at predefined time points.ResultsIn the 111 enrolled children, median patient state index level at the end of anesthesia induction was 25 (22–32) and ranged from 26 (23–34) to 28 (25–36) in the maintenance phase. Patient state index at extubation was 48 (35–60) and 69 (62–75) at discharge from the operatory room. Median right/left spectral edge frequency 95% values at the end of induction were 10 (6–14)/9 (5–14) Hz and median right/left spectral edge frequency 95% values in the maintenance phase ranged from 10 (6–14) to 12 (11–15) Hz in both hemispheres. At extubation, right/left spectral edge frequency 95% levels were 18 (15–21)/17 (15–21) Hz. We observed 39 episodes of burst suppression in 20 patients (19%). Median patient state index levels were not different between patients undergoing inhalational and intravenous anesthesia and between those undergoing general anesthesia and general anesthesia added to locoregional anesthesia. Children <2 years displayed significantly higher patient state index levels than older patients (p = .0004). The presence of a burst suppression episode was not associated with PAED levels (OR 1.58, 95% CI 0.14–16.74, p` = .18).ConclusionsNonpEEG‐guided anesthesia in children led to median patient state index levels at the low range of recommended unconsciousness values with frequent episodes of burst suppression. Patient state index levels were generally higher in children below 2 years.
Taming the real estate boom in the EU: Pathways to macroprudential (in)action
Authors: Lepers Etienne , Thiemann Matthias 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the fallout of the 2008 crisis, macroprudential policy has been installed as the policy remedy against future financial instability, a primary focus being developments in the real estate sector. With house prices consistently rising in the EU since 2014, causing alarm among macroprudential supervisory bodies, a core question of EU regulatory governance is how far macroprudential bodies have been capable of bringing about countercyclical actions against the build‐up of such vulnerabilities. This paper investigates this question using a novel dataset of macroprudential intensity coded for the 17 EU countries that experienced real estate vulnerabilities post‐euro crisis. Specifically, it asks which configuration of conditions account for the (in)capacity of countries to impose stringent countercyclical regulations against housing booms? Using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis technics coupled with qualitative analysis of country cases using expert interviews, we find that the absence of political salience of homeownership and the political independence of macroprudential authorities to be crucial conditions that jointly explain countercyclical macroprudential activity. These findings, which show two pathways to action have implications for the capacity of the EU to prevent future crises and future reform of the EU prudential framework.
“They'll take a gun to me before I get that shot”: Rationalization, emotions, and misinformation in COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy
Authors: George Michaela F. , Rosenberg Benjamin D. , Dale Savannah N. , Kirkland Lauren H. , Culross Patti L. , Chen Rong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVaccine hesitancy—the reluctance, delay, or refusal to vaccinate regardless of availability—is not a new concept in psychology, medicine, or public health. However, given the emotions surrounding the COVID‐19 vaccine, hesitancy has proven difficult to overcome. To‐date, the bulk of available data on vaccine hesitancy are quantitative, leaving room for exploratory investigations into the reasons adults remain unvaccinated. This qualitative study assessed the motivations, beliefs, and perceptions of individuals who have decided to remain unvaccinated against COVID‐19. We had one exploratory research question: What social psychological justifications emerge from vaccine hesitant people's explanations of their decisions to remain unvaccinated? To assess this question, we conducted 18 interviews with unvaccinated adults throughout 2021–2022. The interviews consisted of 20 questions regarding participants' perceptions of the COVID‐19 vaccine and their intentions to get vaccinated. Thematic analysis revealed four main themes in the answers provided by participants: rationalization; identity, beliefs and potential modifiers; emotional responses; and information sources. These results offer insight for future vaccination efforts.
On the distribution of equivalence classes of random symmetricp‐adic matrices
Authors: Kovaleva Valeriya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe consider random symmetric matrices with independent entries distributed according to the Haar measure on for odd primespand derive the distribution of their canonical form with respect to several equivalence relations. We give a few examples of applications including an alternative proof for the result of Bhargava, Cremona, Fisher, Jones and Keating on the probability that a random quadratic form over has a non‐trivial zero.
A Compliant Manipulator for Confined Space Tissue Diagnostics: Kinematic and Force Analyses and Initial Characterization Experiments
Authors: Adejokun Samson A. , Shiakolas Panos S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Minimally invasive procedures employ continuum manipulators, however internal human anatomy presents challenges relating to size, dexterity, and workspace for these manipulators. This paper presents modeling, kinematic analysis, prototyping, and characterization of a micro-robotic manipulator for transurethral palpation of bladder tissue. The proposed micro-robot consists of two subsystems: a tendon-driven continuum segment with an elastic tube encompassing each joint for compliance and structural integrity, and a hyper-spherical joint ensuring higher dexterity and manipulability with a comprehensive actuation and modeling approach. The forward kinematics follow the Denavit–Hartenberg formulation. A developed differential Jacobian inverse kinematics formulation prevents motion singularities for desired poses while operating in the confined space. The simulated kinematic results confirm the dexterity and reach of the proposed micro-robot. A strain energy quasi-static model is developed for a single continuum module. The model is evaluated for tension-bend angle relationships as function of tube material and geometry, and joint length. Limited functionality continuum modules (4 mm outside diameter) with four different joint lengths, (3, 6, 9, 12) mm, are prototyped for tension-bend angle characterization using a computer vision outfitted experimental setup. An equivalent bending modulus relationship for the joint system for selected joint length values and bend angles is developed using experimental results. The tension-bend angle response is nonlinear and function of tube properties and geometry, joint geometry, and their interactions. The comparison of the experimental and quasi-static model results shows high fidelity for use in predicting the robot continuum segment behavior.
The Value of Agile Thermal Systems: A Real-World Approach to Modeling and Prioritizing Agility Versus Efficiency
Authors: Goldfarbmuren Russell 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A modeling architecture is presented to better understand the value of thermomechanical systems with agility: the ability to provide an uninterrupted service to a customer while simultaneously adjusting their own energy consumption based on price signals. The results of this modeling show a significant opportunity for devices with increased thermal agility to provide both financial and environmental benefits to customers who adopt them. Systems with multiple hours of agility via storage, advanced controls, fuel switching, or other means could decrease utility costs by up to 50%.