bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Madden Julian Oscillation moves faster as the meridional moisture gradient intensifies in a warming world
Authors: Dasgupta Panini , Roxy Mathew , Prajeesh A.G. , JS Saranya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO), characterized by slow eastward moving (at an average speed of 5 m s-1) largescale cloud bands and associated circulations, is a dominant tropical phenomenon that impacts global weather and climate. Recent studies have reported significant changes in the MJO lifecycle during the post-satellite period (1979 onwards) due to the non-uniform tropical ocean warming. However, the relative roles of natural climate variability and anthropogenic impact in the observed MJO lifecycle change remain unclear and are yet to be determined. In this study, we investigate the observed and projected long-term changes in the MJO lifecycle during the 20th and 21st centuries using four 20th century reanalyses (NCEP-20CRV3, NCEP-20CRV2c, ERA-20C, and CERA-20C) and climate model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) under different future emission scenarios. Here, we show for the first time a significant increase in the MJO phase speed by almost 1 m s-1 during the 20th century (1900–2014), potentially caused by the steepening of the meridional moisture distribution due to the increased moisture in the tropics compared to the extra-tropics. We also observe a prominent multidecadal variability of the MJO phase speed due to the changes in the zonal moisture distribution associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Future climate projections under shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) from CMIP6 indicate an increase in the MJO phase speed by 0.10 (SSP1—sustainable path, low emission scenario), 0.68 (SSP2—intermediate emissions) and 1.18 (SSP5—high emission scenario) m s-1 during the 21st century (2015–2100), in response to further steepening of the meridional moisture distribution over the Indo-Pacific warm pool. The increasing MJO phase speed can potentially impact the MJO-related teleconnections and predictability of global weather and climate, and hence need to be monitored closely.
Hyperoside improves diabetic retinopathy by regulating TGF-β1/miR-200b/VEGF pathway
Authors: Yu Xu , Wu Hao , Zhou Lei , Wang Nana , Ben Meijie , Li Shasha , Wang Xiaoci , Yu Jiangyi , Zhao Yue , Zhou Xiqiao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aims
To evaluate the efficacy of hyperoside and the role of TGF-β1/miR-200b/VEGF pathway in treating diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Methods
(1) Retinal endothelial cells (RECs) were cultured in the normal-glucose group (NG), high-glucose group (HG), mannitol group, high glucose + low-concentration hyperoside group, high glucose + high-concentration hyperoside group, normal glucose + miR-200b inhibitor group (NG + MI), normal glucose + normal control group (NG + NC), high glucose + miR-200b mimic group (HG + MM), and high glucose + normal control group (HG + NC). The viability, migration and tube formation of RECs, and the expressions of TGF-β1, miR-200b and VEGF in each group were detected and compared. (2) Eight Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used in the normal control group, and 32 SD rats established DR models were randomly divided into the four groups for DR group (DR), DR + low-dose hyperoside group, DR + high-dose hyperoside group, and DR + Calcium Dobesilate group. The tissue pathology and vasculopathy of rat retina, and the expressions of TGF-β1, miR-200b, and VEGF of retinal tissues in different group were tested and compared.
Results
(1) Excessive proliferation, migration and tube formation of RECs were induced by high glucose. The expressions of TGF-β1 and VEGF in HG were markedly up-regulated, but miR-200b levels were obviously down-regulated. However, hyperoside could significantly reverse the expressions of TGF-β1, VEGF and miR-200b; and inhibit high-glucose-induced over-proliferation of RECs dose-dependently. RECs viability and VEGF level were much higher in NG + MI than for NG but lower in HG + MM than for HG, while miR-200b level was substantially lower in NG + MI than for NG but higher in HG + MM than for HG. (2) The retinal pathological changes and vasculopathy in DR rats were more serious compared with normal rats. TGF-β1 and VEGF levels in DR rats retina were markedly up-regulated, while miR-200b levels were obviously down-regulated. However, hyperoside could notably reverse the expressions of TGF-β1, VEGF, and miR-200b in DR rat retina and alleviate retinal tissue injury and vascular lesions of DR rats dose-dependently.
Conclusion
Hyperoside could treat DR by regulating TGF-β1/miR-200b/VEGF pathway.
Pure and Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nanoparticles for Fluorescence Sensing and Dye Degradation Applications
Authors: Deepika Garg , Singh Gurdeep , Rekhi Heena , Kaur Manpreet , Verma Rajpal , Singh Karamjit , Malik Ashok 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recently, fluorescent antimony doped tin oxide nanoparticles have attracted an enormous attention due to its low cost, chemical inertness and stability. In this study, we demonstrated a quick, facile and eco-friendly, economic hydrothermal/solvothermal synthetic method for the synthesis of fluorescent antimony doped (1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 10%) tin oxide nanoparticles. The antimony doping in a reasonable range can change the properties of SnO2 and there occur a lattice distortion with increase in doping evidenced through crystallographic studies. Particular morphology and smaller size results in best photocatalytic degradation percentage of 80.86 % for malachite green (MG) dye with 10% Sb-doped SnO2in aqueous media. Moreover, fluorescent sensing studies shows highest quenching efficiency (27%) by 10 mol% Sb-doped SnO2 as compared to other undoped and doped samples with Cd2+ concentration 0.11μg/ml in the drinking water followed by limit of detection (LOD) as 0.0152 μg/ml. Thus, antimony doped tin oxide nanoparticles can be a promising material for fast and low cost analysis of cadmium ions.
Detection of Abusive Bengali Comments for Mixed Social Media Data Using Machine Learning
Authors: Sultana Sherin , Redoy Md Omur Faruk , Nahian Jabir Al , Masum Abu Kaisar Mohammad , Abujar Sheikh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Most people around the world use social media in their daily lives as a result we can see that it has become an integral part of our lives. Moreover, many people use social media for their livelihood. Social media has a lot of influence on our life from different aspects. Although there are many positive aspects, the trend of negative comments on social media has become a serious problem these days. Through this study, we have detected bad comments made in the Bengali language on social media using machine learning algorithms and measured those performances. Although much work has been done on this issue in other languages, it is scarce in the Bengali language. We have used six different types of machine learning algorithms for this study and the algorithms used are Logistic Regression (LR), Multinomial Naive Bayes (MNB), Random Forest (RF), Support vector machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Gradient Boosting (GB). Among all the algorithms used in this study, SVM gave the best results with an accuracy of 85.7%.
Expectations of Duplicate Gene Retention Under the Gene Duplicability Hypothesis
Authors: Wilson Amanda Erin , Liberles David 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Gene duplication is an important process in evolution. What causes some genes to be retained after duplication and others to be lost is a process not well understood. The most prevalent theory is the gene duplicability hypothesis, that something about the function and number of interacting partners (number of subunits of protein complex, etc), determines whether copies have more opportunity to be retained for long evolutionary periods. Some genes are also more susceptible to dosage balance effects following WGD events, making them more likely to be retained for longer periods of time. One would expect these processes that affect the retention of duplicate copies to affect the conditional probability ratio after consecutive duplication events. The probability that a gene will be retained after a second whole genome duplication event (WGD2), given that it was retained after the first whole genome duplication event (WGD1) versus the probability a gene will be retained after WGD2, given it was lost after WGD1 defines the probability ratio that is calculated.
Results
Since duplicate gene retention is a time heterogeneous process, the time between the events (t1) and the time since the most recent event (t2) are relevant factors in calculating the expectation for observation in any genome. Here, we use a survival analysis framework to predict the probability ratio for genomes with different values of t1 and t2 under the gene duplicability hypothesis, that some genes are more susceptible to selectable functional shifts, some more susceptible to dosage compensation, and others only drifting. Here we present a formalization of the gene duplicability hypothesis to characterize evolutionary dynamics and explanatory power in a recently developed statistical framework.
Conclusions
This work presents expectations of the gene duplicability hypothesis over time under different sets of assumptions. This expectation will enable formal testing of processes leading to duplicate gene retention.
Perinatal Outcomes Among Indian-born Mothers in Australia
Authors: Barthasarathy kanmani , LAM Louisa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: To examine the incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes and the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes for Indian-born mothers compared to other mothers living and giving birth in Australia.
Design, setting and participants: This retrospective cohort study was designed to investigate all births in Australia in 2012 and those in the Monash Health Birthing Outcomes System (BOS) 2014 to Indian-born mothers in Australia. Data sets were analysed involving descriptive statistics using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS vs 23).
Results: Indian-born mothers in Australia are at increased risk of induced labour, emergency caesarean section, very preterm birth (20 – 27 weeks), babies with low to very low birth weight, and low Apgar score (0-2) at 5 minutes, gestational diabetes, hypothyroidism, iron deficiency anaemia and vitamin B12 deficiencies compared to other mothers giving birth in Australia. This is despite a range of protective factors (25–34 years, married, nonsmokers, and a BMI <30) that would normally be expected to reduce the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes for mothers giving birth in a developed country.
Conclusion: In the absence of many of the recognized maternal risk factors, young Indian-born mothers continue to face increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, despite access to high quality maternity care in Australia. Recommendations arising from this study include the need for an intervention study to identify maternal risk factors for Indian-born mothers in mid to late pregnancy that contribute to the risk for very preterm birth and low birth weight.
Comparative Analysis of the Reactivity of Anthocyanidins, Leucoanthocyanidins, and Flavonols using a Quantum Chemistry Approach
Authors: Farias Sergio Antônio de Souza , Costa Kauê Santana da , Martins João B. L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the present study, we performed a comparative structural, conformational, electronic, and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the reactivity of the chemical structure of primary flavonoids, anthocyanidins, and leucoanthocyanidins. We focused our analysis on the following molecular questions: i) differences in cyanidin catechols (+)-catechin, leucocyanidin and quercetin; ii) the loss of a hydroxyl presents in the R1 radical of leucoanthocyanidin due to possible differences in the functional groups linked to C4 (ring C), and, iii) the electron affinity of the 3-hydroxyl group (R7) in the flavonoids delphinidin, pelargonidin, cyanidin, quercetin and kaempferol. For the analysis of the molecular properties, we used the density functional theory (DFT) to evaluate the formation of the covalent bonds and intermolecular forces. A broad analysis of quantum properties was performed using the assessment of the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface, electron localization function (ELF), Fukui functions, descriptors constructed from frontier orbitals, and nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS).
Management of diseases in a ruminant livestock production system: a participatory appraisal of the performance of veterinary services delivery, and utilization in Ghana
Authors: Nuvey Francis Sena , Mensah Gloria Ivy , Zinsstag Jakob , Hattendorf Jan , Fink Günther , Bonfoh Bassirou , Addo Kennedy Kwasi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Sustainable livestock production remains of central importance for attaining food security globally and for securing the livelihoods of a sizeable proportion of people in developing countries. However, ineffective control of livestock diseases often reduces livestock productivity, results in animal mortalities, and may contribute to antimicrobial resistance. This study sought to assess the management strategies employed by farmers for priority diseases, and assess the utilization, and performance of veterinary services.
Methods: We conducted a mixed-method study in three districts representative of the northern, middle and southern farming belts of Ghana. We used semi-structured questionnaires to collect data from 350 ruminant livestock farmers and thirteen professional veterinary officers (VOs) in surveys. We also conducted seven focus group discussions (FGD) involving 65 livestock farmers. The survey data were analyzed, and the distribution of priority diseases, management strategies and performance of veterinary services described. FGD transcripts were analyzed deductively using NVivo. We used triangulation to validate findings across the different datasets.
Results: Almost all the farmers (98%) reared small ruminants, with about 25% also rearing cattle. Among small ruminants, the prevalent diseases were Pestes-des-Petits-Ruminants and Mange, while cattle suffered mainly from Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia and Foot-and-Mouth-Disease. About 82% of farmers used treatment, while only 20% used vaccination services. The antimicrobial medicines used in managing the diseases are poorly controlled and regulated by the veterinary system, and in most of the cases wrongly applied by farmers in treating the diseases. Farmers mainly use services of informal providers (51%), with only 33% utilizing VOs. The farmers perceived VOs to perform highly in terms of drugs availability and quality, treatment effectiveness, advisory services, service affordability, and competence, while the informal providers were better in proximity and popularity with farmers.
Conclusions: Vaccine preventable diseases are a key constraint to livestock production in Ghana. Although the VOs performed better on most indicators, their services are seldom used. The inability of the veterinary system to control antimicrobials used in animal production contributes to their misuse by farmers, thereby threatening food safety and security. New efforts to improve adoption of vaccination and antimicrobial stewardship are needed to achieve sustainable livestock production.
Influence of the scale factor on the constraint effect in welded joints with soft interlayers
Authors: Terentyev Egor , Zhgut Daria , Gudenko Alexandr , Marchenkov Artem , Borodavkina Kseniya , Kozyrev Khariton 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The influence of the scale effect on the strength of mechanically inhomogeneous welded structures with a soft zone was studied. The investigated welded samples were made of two 12Kh18N10T austenitic steel plates and a low-carbon ferritic insert connected between them by two dissimilar welded joints performed by electron beam welding. Tensile strength as a function of relative thickness for tensile specimens with a thickness of 1.2 to 10 mm was plotted. It was shown that with a relative thickness of the soft zone in the range from 0.2 to 0.5, the scale effect did not manifest during tension. This can be explained by low plastic compressive deformations in the soft zone after heat treatment, which typically leads to a decrease in the constraint effect due to the Bauschinger effect.
Whole-genome sequencing to investigate Mycobacterium bovis strains circulating in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Perea Claudia , Ceres Kristina , Durán Uziel , Osa Silvia Tortosa la , Alonso Bernardo , Perera Alejandro , Gröhn Yrjo , Bravo Doris , Stuber Tod , Thacker Tyler , Robbe-Austerman Suelee 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) is endemic in cattle in Latin America, and even though government programs exist for the control and eradication of the disease, efforts are hindered by the limited resources available for farmer compensation and program operation. Epidemiological surveillance and strain characterization are key for understanding disease dynamics, for which whole genome sequencing (WGS) is a powerful tool. Currently, there is limited information regarding bTB in the Caribbean, so the aim of this study was to use WGS to characterize M. bovis strains circulating in the Dominican Republic (DR).
Results
A total of 81 M. bovis isolates were obtained from cattle from different regions were sequenced and analyzed. Phylogenetic and ancestral reconstruction/temporal analyses were performed to investigate M. bovis genetic diversity, population structure, and potential dates of introduction into the Dominican Republic. Three main lineages were identified: DR1, DR2 (consisting of subgroups DR2a, DR2b, and DR2c), and DR3. Cluster analysis revealed at least four introductions of M. bovis during the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. The most recent common ancestors to the DR lineages were linked to the United States, Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil, from where historical imports of cattle have occurred. Population structure analyses indicated that M. bovis is largely panmictic in the Dominican Republic, with no relationship between geographic location and genotype.
Conclusion
The current study provides important information regarding the origin of M. bovis strains circulating in the Dominican Republic, its genetic diversity and spread in the local cattle herds, providing a frame of reference for continuing M. bovis surveillance. Finally, this study significantly contributes to the worldwide M. bovis framework.
Economic Burden of Chronic Migraine in OECD countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Eltrafi Alyaa , Shrestha Sunil , Ahmed Ali , Mistry Hema , Paudyal Vibhu , Khanal Saval 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic migraine (CM) is a headache disorder leading cause of disability worldwide. The condition is diagnosed when patients experience at least 15 headache days per month for at least three months. Due to the severe nature of CM, the illness is associated with a significant social, physical, and financial burden. Determining the costly components and overall economic burden of CM can help guide health policy decision-making. Thus, the objective of this systematic review is to summarise the economic burden of chronic migraines in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries and analyze the methodology and findings of chronic migraine cost of illness studies
Methods
Databases (including MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL) were searched with a broad search strategy for studies that estimated the cost of illness of chronic migraines. The articles were limited to the English Language, from inception to October 2021 and only findings from OECD countries. Methodology features and key findings were extracted from the studies. The costs stated by the articles were converted to GBP to allow comparisons.
Results
The search identified thirteen eligible cost-of-illness studies conducted in OECD countries. The findings exhibited considerable direct and indirect costs associated with chronic migraine. The direct costs for chronic migraine ranged from GBP 1,754.52 to GBP 8,219.46 annually per person. In addition, hospitalisation and drugs cost was revealed to be profoundly burdensome direct healthcare cost. Whereas indirect costs ranged from £2579.07 to £48,810, and the total annual cost ranged from £6,443.41 to 53,446.38.
Conclusion
CM has a substantially high cost of illness across multiple OECD countries. However, there is a lack of research estimating the cost of illness. Current research is also limited to a low number of OECD countries. In addition, indirect costs are infrequently considered. Thus, there is an opportunity for further research in this area.
Influence of thoracoscopic operations on pulmonary function and postoperative recovery
Authors: Wu Di , Zhao Honglin , Li Xuanguang , Dong Ming , Li Xin , Liu Jinghao , Liu Minghui , Wang Jing , Xia Chunqiu , Yan Tingzhi , Liu Hongyu , Chen Jun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Nowadays, the age of patients qualified for lung surgery has been lowered. These people have increasingly higher requirements for postoperative quality of life, which is closely related to pulmonary function (PF). Therefore, it’s meaningful to analyze the effects of different surgical methods on postoperative PF and postoperative recovery.
Methods
A total of 171 patients underwent thoracoscopic lung surgery were selected in our study: unilateral lobectomy (UL), unilateral sublobectomy (USL), and other surgical method (OSM). Other operations included unilateral/bilateral lobectomy and/or sublobectomy. Study indicators included patient general condition, PF and recovery condition.
Results
The USL was in the best condition during and after surgery. Then was OSM, USL was the worst. All the thoracoscopic operations significantly reduced PF and the loss of PF in the UL was significantly higher than USL. In the long-term observation, the loss of PF after lobectomy was almost the same. The compensatory capacity of the upper lobe was better than the lower lobe. The prediction models of PF cannot fully reflect the actual situation after operation. Our PF loss assessment table based on clinical data was constructed to correct existing models.
Conclusions
Surgeries had significant effects on PF, but these changes gradually disappeared after operation. The greatest affect were PEF and PEF%, the least were MVV and MVV%. The compensatory function of the upper lobe was better than lower one. The loss of PF in multiple lung tissue resection is equivalent to lobectomy. Our postoperative PF assessment table can better reflect the PF than existing prediction models.