bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulatory effects of colchicine on peripheral blood mononuclear cell subpopulations in human obesity: Data from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Patel Tushar P. , Levine Jordan A. , Elizondo Diana M. , Arner Brooke E. , Jain Arad , Saxena Ankit , Lopez‐Ocasio Maria , Dagur Pradeep K. , Famuyiwa Olufisola , Gupta Suryaa , Sarrafan‐Chaharsoughi Zahra , Biancotto Angelique , McCoy J. Philip , Demidowich Andrew P. , Yanovski Jack A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveColchicine is known to reduce inflammation and improve endothelial cell function and atherosclerosis in obesity, but there is little knowledge of the specific circulating leukocyte populations that are modulated by colchicine.MethodsA secondary analysis of a double‐blind randomized controlled trial of colchicine 0.6 mg or placebo twice daily for 3 months on circulating leukocyte populations and regulation of the immune secretome in 35 adults with obesity was performed.ResultsColchicine altered multiple innate immune cell populations, including dendritic cells and lymphoid progenitor cells, monocytes, and natural killer cells when compared with placebo. Among all subjects and within the colchicine group, changes in natural killer cells were significantly positively associated with reductions in biomarkers of inflammation, including cyclooxygenase 2, pulmonary surfactant‐associated protein D, myeloperoxidase, proteinase 3, interleukin‐16, and resistin. Changes in dendritic cells were positively correlated with changes in serum heart‐type fatty acid‐binding protein concentrations. Additionally, colchicine treatment reduced cluster of differentiation (CD) CD4+ T effector cells and CD8+ T cytotoxic cells. Conversely, colchicine increased CD4+ and CD8+ T central memory cells and activated CD38HighCD8+ T cells. Changes in CD4+ T effector cells were associated with changes in serum heart‐type fatty acid‐binding protein.ConclusionsIn adults with obesity, colchicine significantly affects circulating leukocyte populations involved in both innate and adaptive immune systems along with the associated inflammatory secretome.
Preparation and properties of flame retardant biobased polyamide elastomer with shape memory
Authors: Zhou Xinjie , Wang Yanqing , Zhang Jing , Wang Guoqing , Liu Yuetao , Gao Chuanhui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNylon is the general name of high molecular polymers with amide bonds repeat structure in the main chain. Because of its good wear resistance, excellent chemical resistance and outstanding impact resistance, it is widely used in various fields of national life, such as automobile parts, oil pipelines, electronic parts, gears, connectors, coating materials and medical applications. Using isocyanate terminated polyamide prepolymer as hard segment, polypropylene glycol as soft segment and triethanolamine as crosslinking agent, polyamide elastomer was flame retardant modified by adding reactive P flame retardant and P/N synergistic flame retardant mechanism. The sample was named IAHDP‐x, in which IAHD is the synthetic hexamethylene diamine polyaitaconic acid, and x is the mass of the added flame retardant DDP. Its tensile properties, fatigue resistance, self‐recovery and tear resistance were investigated. The results revealed that the synthesized phosphorus flame retardant (9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐[N,N‐bis‐(2‐hydroxyethylamino methylene)]‐10‐phenanthroline‐10‐oxide (DDP)) could not only enhance the flame retardancy, but also strengthen the mechanical properties of polyamide. Among them, the LOI and UL‐94 of IAHDP‐1.2 were 27.6% and V‐0, respectively, indicating that it could be used as flame retardant material; Cyclic tensile test demonstrated that it had good fatigue resistance and self‐recovery; Besides, the tear resistance of IAHDP‐1.2 could reach 35.24 kJ/m2. Interestingly, IAHDP‐1.2 also displayed shape memory characteristics, and the sample could be restored to its original state at 60°C. The synthetic IAHDP‐x also had excellent flame retardancy, high mechanical properties, fatigue resistance, tear resistance, shape memory, so the material can be used in satellite wings, solar panels, electronic and electrical equipment, and smart materials.
The relationship between pain and sleep in pediatric sickle cell disease
Authors: Padmanabhan Dakshin , Tucker Tiffany , Murdaugh Donna , Ilonze Chibuzo , Lebensburger Jeffrey , Thomas S. Justin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPain and sleep disturbances are prevalent complications experienced by pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). This study aims to identify associations between pain and sleep, and to characterize sleep chronotype and social jetlag in children and adolescent patients with SCD.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional survey of 105 pediatric patients with SCD aged 8–17 years using PROMIS (Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement System) pain interference, sleep disturbance, and sleep‐related impairment item banks. The μMCTQ (Ultra‐short Munich Chronotype Questionnaire) assessed chronotype and social jetlag. Analyses were performed to assess associations between PROMIS measures, sleep patterns, and clinical variables.ResultsFemale participants reported higher T‐scores for sleep‐related impairment than males (females: 56.7 ± 10 vs. males 50.2 ± 9.4, p = .0009). Patients with one or more emergency department (ED) visits for pain in the last 12 months reported greater sleep disturbance (55.0 ± 8.5 vs. 50.7 ± 10, p = .046) and sleep‐related impairment (57.1 ± 9.3 vs. 52.1 ± 10.2, p = .03) than patients without any ED visits for pain in the last 12 months. Pain interference was significantly associated with both sleep disturbance (r = .49, p < .0001) and sleep‐related impairment (r = .46, p < .0001). The average mid‐sleep time was 4:14 ± 1:44 a.m. and the average social jetlag (hh:mm) was 2:32 ± 1:35.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that pain interference is associated with both sleep disturbance and sleep‐related impairment. PROMIS measures can identify patients that suffer from pain and sleep disturbances and highlights the need to conduct longitudinal prospective studies to define the directionality of pain and sleep in SCD.
International migration and its short‐term effect on partnership stability
Authors: Mansfeld Lisa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUp to now, we know only a little about the causal effect of international migration on partnership stability, with the few existing analyses being restricted to internal migration or international migration from less developed countries to the Global North. Using longitudinal data on German citizens [the German Emigration and Remigration Panel Study plus the German Family Panel (pairfam)], this study contributes to existing literature primarily in two ways: first, by comparing international migrants to nonmigrants at origin and applying the appropriate methods (Entropy Balancing and Discrete Time Proportional Hazards Models), the causal effect of international migration was studied. Second, assessing (non‐)mobile German citizens allows looking at these effects in the context of a highly industrialized welfare state. Additional to the general effect of international migration, differences between emigrants and remigrants are studied — which has not been done before, except for the Latin American context. To advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms, the role of further migration characteristics is investigated. Findings show that international migration increases the risk of union dissolution compared to no migration and that the risk of union dissolution is higher for remigrants compared to emigrants. The underlying migration reasons play an additional role in explaining the risk of union dissolution.
Potential energy production from organic waste and its environmental and economic impacts at a tertiary institution in Palestine
Authors: Abuhelwa Mai , Salah Wael A. , Bashir Mohammed J. K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMunicipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the most well‐known biomass resources that can be utilized to produce renewable energy. Numerous countries are plagued by the proliferation of waste, particularly organic waste that can be utilized for energy recovery. Palestine suffers from inefficient solid waste management, and only recently have a few projects focused on bioenergy production been implemented. Throughout the years, the city of Tulkarm experiences power outages which cause a challenge to the Palestine Technical University‐Kadoorie campus in Tulkarm. Thus, the possibility of energy recovery from the organic portion in Palestine Technical University‐Kadoorie was evaluated. The analysis of an economic impact included discussions of a number of economic aspects, including Levelized cost of energy, internal rate of return, present worth, annual worth, and payback period. On the other hand, a carbon dioxide savings analysis and gas emission were evaluated. The outcomes of the energy optimization demonstrated that the suggested system could supply the institution with an average of roughly 7 MWh of electrical energy. According to the economic study, this project offers 0.25 million dollars in present value, 0.144 million dollars in annual value, a 13 percent internal rate of return, a payback period of 6 years, and a levelized cost of energy of 0.11 dollars for each kWh generated. Additionally, the environmental assessment revealed that this system might reduce CO2 emissions by around 8,343,778 tons. For effective waste management, energy recovery, and emission reduction, it is advised to implement anaerobic digestion technology.
Exact strong coupling results in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 Sp(2N) superconformal gauge theory from localization
Authors: Beccaria M. , Korchemsky G. P. , Tseytlin A. A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We apply the localization technique to compute the free energy on four-sphere and the circular BPS Wilson loop in the four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= ∈ superconformal Sp(2N) gauge theory containing vector multiplet coupled to four hypermultiplets in fundamental representation and one hypermultiplet in rank-2 antisymmetric representation. This theory is unique among similar $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= ∈ superconformal models that are planar-equivalent to $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= ∆ SYM in that the corresponding localization matrix model has the interaction potential containing single-trace terms only. We exploit this property to show that, to any order in large N expansion and an arbitrary ’t Hooft coupling λ, the free energy and the Wilson loop satisfy Toda lattice equations. Solving these equations at strong coupling, we find remarkably simple expressions for these observables which include all corrections in 1/N and 1/$$ \sqrt{\lambda } $$

λ

. We also compute the leading exponentially suppressed $$ \mathcal{O}\left({e}^{-\sqrt{\lambda }}\right) $$
O

e

−

λ

corrections and consider a generalization to the case when the fundamental hypermultiplets have a non-zero mass. The string theory dual of this $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= ∈ gauge theory should be a particular orientifold of AdS5 × S5 type IIB string and we discuss the string theory interpretation of the obtained strong-coupling results.
Tree-level soft emission of a quark pair in association with a gluon
Authors: Del Duca Vittorio , Duhr Claude , Haindl Rayan , Liu Zhengwen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We compute the tree-level current for the emission of a soft quark-antiquark pair in association with a gluon. This soft current is the last missing ingredient to understand the infrared singularities that can arise in next-to-next-to-next-to-leading-order (N3LO) computations in QCD. Its square allows us to understand for the first time the colour correlations induced by the soft emission of a quark pair and a gluon. We find that there are three types of correlations: besides dipole-type correlations that have already appeared in soft limits of tree-level amplitudes, we uncover for the first time also a three-parton correlation involving a totally symmetric structure constant. We also study the behaviour of collinear splitting amplitudes in the triple-soft limit, and we derive the corresponding factorisation formula.
Evaluation of urinary cysteinyl leukotrienes as biomarkers of severity and putative therapeutic targets in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Reina-Couto Marta , Roboredo-Madeira Mariana , Pereira-Terra Patrícia , Silva-Pereira Carolina , Martins Sandra , Teixeira-Santos Luísa , Pinho Dora , Dias Andreia , Cordeiro Gonçalo , Dias Cláudia Camila , Sarmento António , Tavares Margarida , Guimarães João T. , Roncon-Albuquerque Roberto , Paiva José-Artur , Albino-Teixeira António , Sousa Teresa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLT) are potent inflammation-promoting mediators, but remain scarcely explored in COVID-19. We evaluated urinary CysLT (U-CysLT) relationship with disease severity and their usefulness for prognostication in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The impact on U-CysLT of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) and of comorbidities such as hypertension and obesity was also assessed.

Methods
Blood and spot urine were collected in “severe” (n = 26), “critically ill” (n = 17) and “critically ill on VV-ECMO” (n = 17) patients with COVID-19 at days 1–2 (admission), 3–4, 5–8 and weekly thereafter, and in controls (n = 23) at a single time point. U-CysLT were measured by ELISA. Routine markers, prognostic scores and outcomes were also evaluated.

Results
U-CysLT did not differ between groups at admission, but significantly increased along hospitalization only in critical groups, being markedly higher in VV-ECMO patients, especially in hypertensives. U-CysLT values during the first week were positively associated with ICU and total hospital length of stay in critical groups and showed acceptable area under curve (AUC) for prediction of 30-day mortality (AUC: 0.734, p = 0.001) among all patients.

Conclusions
U-CysLT increase during hospitalization in critical COVID-19 patients, especially in hypertensives on VV-ECMO. U-CysLT association with severe outcomes suggests their usefulness for prognostication and as therapeutic targets.
Investigation of chip formation of Ti–6Al–4V in oxygen-free atmosphere
Authors: Denkena Berend , Bergmann Benjamin , Schaper Florian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Titanium and titanium alloys have high strength at low density, good corrosion resistance and excellent biocompatibility. Therefore, the use of titanium materials is well established in high-performance applications such as aerospace and biomedical. However, titanium and titanium alloys such as Ti–6Al–4 V have low thermal conductivity, exhibit unfavorable chip formation with typical segmented chips and have high chemical affinity to surrounding elements such as oxygen. Tool wear and the properties of the component surface and sub-surface are significantly influenced by the presence of oxygen and resulting chemical interactions. Among other things, chemical reactions such as oxidation occur due to the high temperatures and presence of oxygen. In this work, the chip formation of Ti–6Al–4 V at different cutting speeds in discontinuous orthogonal cutting process under different atmospheres is investigated. A conventional air atmosphere, a pure argon atmosphere and a silane-doped atmosphere were used. The oxygen content of the silane-doped argon atmosphere corresponds to an extremely high vacuum (XHV), which is practically oxygen-free. It was found that chip formation is affected by the surrounding atmosphere. At the cutting speed vc = 80 m/min, non-periodic segmentation is present under oxygen-free atmosphere, while segmental chip formation occurs under air. This is accompanied by up to 16.5% lower feed force under inert gas atmosphere, which is due to reduced friction caused by the use of an oxygen-free atmosphere.
Comparison Between Several CT‐Derived Psoas Muscle Sarcopenia Markers for Predicting Survival After Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Forte‐Genescà Pau , Casajuana Urgell Eduard , Díaz‐Duran Carles , Romero‐Montaña Lorena , Paredes‐Mariñas Ezequiel , Clarà‐Velasco Albert 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultiple CT‐derived measurements of sarcopenia have been described yet their relationship with survival after abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair has not been properly assessed. We aimed to define and compare the relationship between several psoas CT‐derived measurements and the 5‐year survival after AAA repair and to evaluate their potential contribution to survival prediction.MethodsPreoperative CT area (TPA) and density (MTPD) of the psoas muscle at L3 were measured in 218 consecutive AAA patients electively intervened. Additional measurements were obtained by normalizing TPA by anthropometric data or L3‐vertebra surface or by TPAxMTPD multiplication (lean psoas muscle area—LPMA). The association of sarcopenia markers with survival was evaluated with Cox models adjusted by age, sex, type of intervention and the Charlson Comorbidity Index, and their contribution to survival prediction assessed with the C‐statistic and the Continuous Net Reclassification Index (c‐NRI).ResultsSixty patients (27.5%) died during the first 5 years after surgery. There was a statistically significant and linear (spline analysis) relationship of sarcopenia markers with 5‐year survival in all multivariate models, except that including LPMA. Despite this association, the inclusion of sarcopenia markers did not improve the C‐statistic and moderately increased the c‐NRI. None normalized sarcopenia markers performed better than TPA.ConclusionThe majority of CT‐derived psoas muscle measurements of sarcopenia showed a significant and independent relationship with survival after elective AAA repair. Despite this association, they did not appear to improve sufficiently our survival prediction ability to become an efficient tool for decision‐making.
A propensity score-matched analysis on the impact of patient and surgical factors on early periprosthetic joint infection in minimally invasive anterolateral and transgluteal total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Luger Matthias , de Vries Marcel , Feldler Sandra , Hipmair Günter , Gotterbarm Tobias , Klasan Antonio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Increased risk of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in minimally invasive (MIS) total hip arthroplasty (THA) is still debated. This study aimed to identify differences in surgical and patient-related risk factors for PJI between an MIS anterolateral approach and transgluteal-modified Hardinge approach.

Methods
A retrospective cohort of 5315 THAs performed between 2006 and 2019 at a single institution was screened. Short stem THAs performed via an MIS anterolateral approach in the supine position and standard straight stem THAs performed via a transgluteal modified Hardinge approach were included. Propensity score matching was performed to control for selection bias. After matching, 1405 (34.3%) short stem THAs implanted via MIS anterolateral approach and 2687 (65.7%) straight stem THAs implanted via a transgluteal modified Hardinge approach were included. The risk of PJI due to patient-specific and surgical factors was retrospectively analyzed using chi-square test and multivariate regression analysis.

Results
PJI occurred in 1.1% in both MIS anterolateral and transgluteal approach (p = 0.823). Multivariate regression showed an increased infection risk for patients with a BMI between 35 and 39.99 kg/m2 (OR 6.696; CI 1.799–24.923; p = 0.005), which could not be demonstrated for transgluteal approach (OR 0.900; CI 0.900–4.144; p = 0.93). A BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 (OR 14.150; CI 2.416–82.879; p = 0.003) was detected as a risk factor for PJI only in anterolateral approach. Increased operation time ≥ 121 min showed a significantly increased risk for PJI in the general cohort (OR 6.989; CI1.286–37.972; p = 0.024).

Conclusion
Minimally invasive anterolateral and transgluteal THA show a comparable rate of early PJI within the first year of index surgery. A BMI of ≥ 35 kg/m2 was detected as a clear risk factor for infection in the anterolateral approach. Prolonged operation time ≥ 121 min increases the risk of PJI regardless of approach.
Insight problem solving is not that special, but business is not quite 'as usual': typical versus exceptional problem-solving strategies
Authors: Salmon-Mordekovich Nirit , Leikin Mark 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe intriguing phenomenon of insight (also known as the "Aha!" moment) has provoked a long-standing conflict over its cognitive mechanism. The special-process theory posits insight as a unique, unconscious mechanism. Conversely, the business-as-usual theory conceptualizes insight processing as ordinary and similar to non-insight, i.e., analytic, incremental, and attention demanding. To resolve this conflict, participants completed cognitive tests and solved four types of problems: verbal insight, spatial insight, verbal non-insight, and spatial non-insight. These problems were solved under three conditions: silence (control), inner speech suppression (articulatory suppression), and non-verbal attentional demands (spatial tapping). Interestingly, insight problem solving differed from verbal non-insight, but resembled spatial non-insight problem solving. Solving insight and spatial non-insight problems substantially benefitted from spatial and near verbal analogical thinking and convergent thinking, and little from divergent thinking. Both were unaffected by secondary tasks. Analogical thinking was associated more strongly with the generation of new solution procedures than with the retrieval of known procedures from memory, as in verbal non-insight problem solving. Analogical and convergent thinking seem to be key skills for the creation of new solutions, whether or not they are insight based. The results indicate a typical, analytic solution method consistent with the business-as-usual theory. Yet, there is also evidence for an exceptional solving method that includes rare attributes of the insightful process delineated by the special-process theory. Thus, we endorse an unequally integrated assertion that each theory reflects a different mode of thinking, the common versus the uncommon, by which insightful solutions can be produced.
T-splines computational membrane–cable structural mechanics with continuity and smoothness: I. Method and implementation
Authors: Terahara Takuya , Takizawa Kenji , Tezduyar Tayfun E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe present a T-splines computational method and its implementation where structures with different parametric dimensions are connected with continuity and smoothness. We derive the basis functions in the context of connecting structures with 2D and 1D parametric dimensions. Derivation of the basis functions with a desired smoothness involves proper selection of a scale factor for the knot vector of the 1D structure and results in new control-point locations. While the method description focuses on $$C^0$$

C
0

and $$C^1$$

C
1

continuity, paths to higher-order continuity are marked where needed. In presenting the method and its implementation, we refer to the 2D structure as “membrane” and the 1D structure as “cable.” It goes without saying that the method and its implementation are applicable also to other 2D–1D cases, such as shell–cable and shell–beam structures. We present test computations not only for membrane–cable structures but also for shell–cable structures. The computations demonstrate how the method performs.