bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Low-Resource Chinese Named Entity Recognition Method Combining Chinese Glyph Features and Contrastive Learning
Authors: gao Mandeng , tian Shengwei , yu Long , zhai Yuhui , long Jun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Named Entity Recognition (NER) represents a pivotal research area in the domain of natural language processing, yet the effective utilization of Chinese information remains a significant challenge. Moreover, NER tasks often suffer from limited data availability, data with varying labeling quality, and potential ethical concerns. To address these challenges, we propose a novel approach for low-resource Chinese named entity recognition by leveraging Chinese glyph features and contrastive learning. Our method effectively enhances the accuracy of named entity recognition. Through extensive experimentation, we demonstrate the efficacy of our approach on both the low-resource medical dataset for esophageal cancer and general Chinese dataset. Our model outperforms the widely adopted BERT-CRF model on the medical dataset, achieving a precision improvement of 3.12\%, a recall improvement of 1.73\%, and an F1 score improvement of 2.62\%. Notably, our core contrastive learning framework can be applied not only to the BERT model but also to the majority of Chinese NER task models, exhibiting its versatility and potential impact on the broader NER research field.
Clinical Features and Treatment Patterns of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Tertiary Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study from 2017 - 2020
Authors: Asefa Amanuel , Kantelhardt Eva Johanna , Feyisa Jilcha Diribi , Jemal Ahmedin , Tigeneh Wondimagegnehu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and is the 8th leading cause of cancer mortality in Ethiopia. There are two main types of lung cancer: non–small cell lung cancer and small-cell lung cancer, with non–small cell lung cancer accounting for 80–85%. We report on a study of the clinical features, and treatment patterns of non-small cell lung cancer patients at the Tikur Anbessa Specialized Tertiary Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional design conducted on data from September 2017 to September 2020. Data was collected and analysed using SPSS version 25 and descriptive statistics. Association was determined using chi-square test, with a p-value of less than 0.05 being considered significant.
Result
126 patients (67 males, 59 females) were studied with a mean age of 52 years (range 24–90). Common symptoms were cough (82%), chest pain (32%), haemoptysis (17%), and shortness of breath (14%). Fifty-five (43.7%) patients had stage IVB lung cancer, while 41 (32.5%) had stage IVA. Twenty (16%) had ever smoked, and 20 (16%) had co-morbidities. Most primary lesions were located peripherally (73%), with adenocarcinoma (64.3%) being the most common histology type. Metastasis were found in 76.2%; common sites were pleura (27.8%) and bone (24.6%). 87.3% received chemotherapy, 93.6% of which was palliative. Radiotherapy was given for palliative treatment to 23.2%.
Conclusion
Most patients with non-small cell lung cancer seen at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Tertiary Hospital are in advanced stages of the disease, with adenocarcinoma as the most commonly found histology type. Surprisingly, only 16% of cases had a history of smoking. Future research should focus on the causes of lung cancer in the country.
lncTIM3 promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via miR-214/Smad4 axis to relieve postmenopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Sun Haitao , Wang Lining , li muzhe , Xu Bin , Ma Yong , Niu Yuanyuan , Zhang Tianchi , Qian Weiqing , Chu Xudong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Promoting osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is the main therapeutic goal for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Recently, several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in PMOP; however, the role of lncRNA tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (lncTIM3) remains to be investigated.
Methods
The characteristics of BMSCs isolated from the PMOP rat model were verified by flow cytometry assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alizarin red and Oil Red O staining assays. Micro-CT and HE staining assays were performed to examine histological changes of the vertebral trabeculae of the rats. RT-qPCR and western blotting assays were carried out to measure the RNA and protein expression levels. The subcellular location of lncTIM3 was analyzed by FISH assay. The targeting relationships were verified by luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay.
Results
The trabecular spacing was increased in the PMOP rats, while ALP activity and the expression levels of Runx2, Col1a1 and OCN were all markedly decreased. Among the RNA sequencing results of the clinical samples, lncTIM3 was the most downregulated differentially expressed lncRNA, also its level was significantly reduced in the OVX rats. Knockdown of lncTIM3 inhibited osteogenesis of BMSCs, whereas overexpression of lncTIM3 exhibited the reverse results. Subsequently, lncTIM3 was confirmed to be located in the cytoplasm of BMSC, implying its potential as a competing endogenous RNA for miRNAs. Finally, the negative targeting correlations of miR-214 between lncTIM3 and Smad4 were elucidated in vitro.
Conclusion
lncTIM3 attenuated PMOP via miR-214/Smad4. Possibly, these findings provided lncTIM3 as a therapeutic molecule for PMOP.
Turbine inlet valve’s self-excited vibrations risk the safe operation of hydropower plants
Authors: Awad Hesham , Parrondo Jorge 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The main function of the turbine inlet valve (TIV) in a hydroelectric power plant is to prevent flow of water to the turbine whenever the turbine is not operating. Usually, the valve responsible for this operation is spherical with annular seals to perform the sealing function. Occasionally, when the valve is set into a closed orientation, the annular seal may not execute its sealing function properly though develop periodic oscillations accompanied by periodic leakage flows. These seal vibrations cause pressure fluctuations in the penstock pipeline, which risks the plant’s reliable and safe operation. So, the primary goal of this research is to present a simplified theoretical model, able to clarify the excitation mechanism of the periodic seal vibration and simulate the plant's transient behavior. Afterwards, develop some recommendations to enhance the stable operation of the (TIV). The system governing equations comprises the water hammer equations to model the water flow through the various pipelines, the vibrating seal equation of motion, and the system boundary conditions. Results revealed that the dynamic instability of the (TIV) vibrations is more likely to arise at higher input reservoir energy levels and at the 1st harmonic of the seal oscillation. Also, modifying the (TIV) by increasing pilot pipeline head losses and reducing its diameter can eliminate the (TIV) vibrations and warrant the plant’s safe operation.
Suitable sites for groundwater development: a capture map-based approach integrated with weighted overlay analysis
Authors: Bajpai Mayank , Gaur Shishir , Kumar Ranveer , Ohri Anurag , Piégay Hervé 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

A novel methodology for suitable site selection for groundwater development based on river capture, pumping cost, and groundwater potential has been proposed for better groundwater utilisation. River capture and cost map have been generated from a calibrated groundwater model, simulated with forecasted hydrological time series data. The groundwater potential has been calculated with weighted overlay analysis. These three variables have been used to classify the model domain into five zones of groundwater development by K-Means clustering. The area with lower river capture, low cost of pumping, and high groundwater potential is found to be the best location for groundwater extraction. The methodology has been applied to the lower Ain River basin, in France.
Application of Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Diagnosis of
Lumbosacral Nerve Root Compression
Authors: Cheng Haiyan , Lan Honglin , Bao Yuanyuan , Yin Liqiang 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess the value of 3.0T magnetic resonance (MR) Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in the diagnosis of lumbosacral nerve root compression.

Methods:
The radiology reports, and clinical records of 34 patients with nerve root compression caused by lumbar disc herniation or bulging and 21 healthy volunteers who had undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and DTI scan were retrospectively reviewed. The differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) between compressed and non-compressed nerve roots from patients and the normal nerve roots from healthy volunteers were compared. Meanwhile, the nerve root fiber bundles were observed and analyzed.

Results:
The average FA and ADC values of the compressed nerve roots were 0.254 ± 0.307 and 1.892 ± 0.346 10^-3mm2/s, respectively. The average FA
and ADC values of the non-compressed nerve roots were 0.377 ± 0.659 and 1.353 ± 0.344 10^-3mm2/s, respectively. The FA value of compressed
nerve roots was significantly lower than that of non-compressed nerve roots (P < 0.01). The ADC value of compressed nerve roots was
significantly higher than that of non-compressed nerve roots. There were no significant differences between the left and right nerve roots of normal
volunteers in FA and ADC values (P > 0.05). The nerve roots at different levels of L3-S1 had significantly different FA and ADC values (P <
0.01). Incomplete fiber bundles with extrusion deformation, displacement or partial defect were observed in the compressed nerve root fiber
bundles. The real diagnosis of the clinical situation of the nerve can provide neuroscientists with an important computer tool to help them infer and
understand the possible working mechanism from the experimental data of behavior and electrophysiology.

Conclusion:
The compressed lumbosacral nerve roots can be accurately localized through 3.0T magnetic resonance DTI, which is instructive for accurate clinical diagnosis and preoperative localization.
Designing a Multi-epitope Vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 Variant based
on an Immunoinformatics Approach
Authors: Farhani Ibrahim , Yamchi Ahad , Madanchi Hamid , Khazaei Vahid , Behrouzikhah Mehdi , Abbasi Hamidreza , Salehi Mohammad , Moradi Nilufar , Sanami Samira 
Published: June 2023

Background:
SARS-CoV-2 is a life-threatening virus in the world. Scientific evidence
indicates that this pathogen will emerge again in the future. Although the current vaccines have a
pivotal role in the control of this pathogen, the emergence of new variants has a negative impact
on their effectiveness.

Objective:
Therefore, it is urgent to consider the protective and safe vaccine against all subcoronavirus
species and variants based on the conserved region of the virus. Multi-epitope peptide
vaccine (MEV), comprised of immune-dominant epitopes, is designed by immunoinformatic tools
and it is a promising strategy against infectious diseases.

Methods:
Spike glycoprotein and nucleocapsid proteins from all coronavirus species and variants
were aligned and the conserved region was selected. Antigenicity, toxicity, and allergenicity
of epitopes were checked by a proper server. To robust the immunity of the multi-epitope
vaccine, cholera toxin b (CTB) and three HTL epitopes of tetanus toxin fragment C (TTFrC)
were linked at the N-terminal and C-terminal of the construct, respectively. Selected epitopes
with MHC molecules and the designed vaccines with Toll-like receptors (TLR-2 and TLR-4)
were docked and analyzed. The immunological and physicochemical properties of the designed
vaccine were evaluated. The immune responses to the designed vaccine were simulated. Furthermore,
molecular dynamic simulations were performed to study the stability and interaction
of the MEV-TLRs complexes during simulation time by NAMD (Nanoscale molecular dynamic)
software. Finally, the codon of the designed vaccine was optimized according to Saccharomyces
boulardii.

Results:
The conserved regions of spike glycoprotein and nucleocapsid protein were gathered.
Then, safe and antigenic epitopes were selected. The population coverage of the designed vaccine
was 74.83%. The instability index indicated that the designed multi-epitope was stable (38.61).
The binding affinity of the designed vaccine to TLR2 and TLR4 was -11.4 and -11.1, respectively.
The designed vaccine could induce humoral and cellular immunity.

Conclusion:
In silico analysis showed that the designed vaccine is a protective multi-epitope vaccine
against SARS-CoV-2 variants.
A Comprehensive Study on Natural Products and their Bioactive Constituents
to Cure Respiratory Diseases
Authors: Biharee Avadh , Chaudhari Lokesh , Bhartiya Sudha , Kori Shivam Kumar , Chaudhary Anu , Dubey Dheeraj , Yadav Arpita 
Published: June 2023

Background:
In terms of death rates, occurrence, costs, and prevalence, respiratory tract diseases,
which include minor issues like the common cold and life-threatening ones like bacterial pneumonia,
lung cancers, and tuberculosis, are extremely significant. People have been worried about their health
for a long time because of respiratory diseases. Old-style medication has tended to these diseases; however,
the accumulation of information produced by elective methodologies, among which medication assumes
a significant role, is insignificant. Phytotherapy has consistently given proficient solutions for constant
and moderate wellbeing inconveniences and, occasionally, for intense and serious problems. Alleviating
the aggravated nasal sections and aviation routes was a shared need in antiquated societies. In this
study, we conducted a systematic literature review to gain evidence about herbal products and their phytoconstituents
that play a role in respiratory illness. We also predicted the physicochemical properties of
various phytoconstituents from therapeutic plants employed to cure respiratory ailments (such as asthma,
COPD, cough, tuberculosis, etc.).

Objectives:
The main objective of this critical study is to explore phytotherapy-based molecules for respiratory
illnesses. The physicochemical properties of already isolated compounds have been evaluated to
screen for the drug-like behavior of phytoconstituents.

Methodology:
A wide variety of literature has been collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline,
and other scientific databases. After an exhaustive review, the chemical structures of phytoconstituents
responsible for curing respiratory illness were sketched in ChemDraw Ultra 8.0, and these structures have
been taken for further analysis of the physicochemical properties of these phytoconstituents. The crucial
parameters of phytoconstituents' physicochemical properties were analyzed using the pkCSM webserver.

Result:
The results suggest that a variety of phytoconstituents have the potential to treat respiratory illnesses,
and the physicochemical parameters reveal that 65 compounds out of 130 screened compounds exhibit
Lipinski's rule of five and Veber's rule, while others don't obey these rules. Compounds with optimal physicochemical
properties could be promising candidates for emerging respiratory illness treatments.

Conclusion:
This critical review highlights the possible therapeutic potential of plant-based medicine to
cure respiratory illnesses. The finding shows that a wide range of alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, and
flavonoids isolated from different herbs may be able to treat respiratory problems. More research is needed
to find out the IC50 and MIC values of these compounds against respiratory pathogens like S. pneumoniae
and M. tuberculosis.
Herbs for the Therapy of Diabetes Mellitus: A Thorough Analysis with
Particular Emphasis on Preclinical, Clinical Trials, and their Hypothesised
Mechanisms
Authors: Wal Pranay , Aziz Namra , Verma Anushka , Kumar Sunil , Samal Himansu Bhusan 
Published: June 2023

Background:
In recent times, herbal medicines have experienced an expansion in both
developing and developed countries due to their natural origin and low incidence of adverse effects.
A systematic review was performed to gather information regarding herbal plants used to treat diabetes
mellitus.

Objective:
The aim of this article was to review evidence from preclinical and clinical trials and the
proposed mechanism of herbal drugs in diabetes mellitus.

Methods:
A literature survey was carried out mainly focused on scientific papers published in recent
years. The search strategy involved interrelated keywords, like “Diabetes mellitus,” “Herbs,”
“Hyperglycaemia,” and other uniterms. Electronic databases used were Scopus, Web of Science,
PubMed, and Elsevier.

Results:
Twenty studies, including preclinical and clinical trials, were selected for evaluating the
mechanism of the anti-hyperglycaemic effect of herbal drugs in diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion:
Through clinical and preclinical research as well as an analysis of the mechanism of
action of herbs, the current review provides preliminary evidence for possible anti-diabetic benefits
of herbal medicines.
Ethnomatematics of geometry shape in the Gedongsongo Temple
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun , Murtianto Yanuar Hery , Kartinah Kartinah 
Published: June 2023

The objective of the study is to explore and find out the ethnomathematics of Gedongsongo Temple, located in Central Java, Indoensia. The type of study is qualitative with an exploration way and ethnographic approach. The data obtained in the form of qualitative data, the source of research data obtained through observation, interviews, documentation, and study of literature related to Gedongsongo Temple. The data collection technique was done by questioning, observing, interviewing, and documenting. The results showed that the ethnomathematics of Gedongsongo Temple has the potential to be integrated into mathematics learning. Ethnomathematics that can be integrated includes the concept of flat area, volume of space, comparison/ratio, reflection, and symmetry. The flat-geometry concept is found in the several parts of Gedongsongo Temple including square, rectangle, triangle, and trapezoid. The spatial-geometry concept is also found in several parts of Gedongsongo Temple including cubes, blocks, tubes, and a triangle prism. Meanwhile, the comparison/ratio concept found is the Golden Ratio on the fore-temple of Perwara in the area of Candi Gedong III. The symmetry and reflection concept is found in Candi Gedong I. These concepts can be applied in mathematics learning as a contextual geometry problem as well as a way of introducing cultural elements to students.
Wearable and Mobile Technologies for the Evaluation and Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Scoping Review
Authors: Frank Adam C , Li Ruibei , Peterson Bradley S , Narayanan Shrikanth S 
Published: June 2023

Background
Smartphones and wearable biosensors can continuously and passively measure aspects of behavior and physiology while also collecting data that require user input. These devices can potentially be used to monitor symptom burden; estimate diagnosis and risk for relapse; predict treatment response; and deliver digital interventions in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), a prevalent and disabling psychiatric condition that often follows a chronic and fluctuating course and may uniquely benefit from these technologies.

Objective
Given the speed at which mobile and wearable technologies are being developed and implemented in clinical settings, a continual reappraisal of this field is needed. In this scoping review, we map the literature on the use of wearable devices and smartphone-based devices or apps in the assessment, monitoring, or treatment of OCD.

Methods
In July 2022 and April 2023, we conducted an initial search and an updated search, respectively, of multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, APA PsycINFO, and Web of Science, with no restriction on publication period, using the following search strategy: (“OCD” OR “obsessive” OR “obsessive-compulsive”) AND (“smartphone” OR “phone” OR “wearable” OR “sensing” OR “biofeedback” OR “neurofeedback” OR “neuro feedback” OR “digital” OR “phenotyping” OR “mobile” OR “heart rate variability” OR “actigraphy” OR “actimetry” OR “biosignals” OR “biomarker” OR “signals” OR “mobile health”).

Results
We analyzed 2748 articles, reviewed the full text of 77 articles, and extracted data from the 25 articles included in this review. We divided our review into the following three parts: studies without digital or mobile intervention and with passive data collection, studies without digital or mobile intervention and with active or mixed data collection, and studies with a digital or mobile intervention.

Conclusions
Use of mobile and wearable technologies for OCD has developed primarily in the past 15 years, with an increasing pace of related publications. Passive measures from actigraphy generally match subjective reports. Ecological momentary assessment is well tolerated for the naturalistic assessment of symptoms, may capture novel OCD symptoms, and may also document lower symptom burden than retrospective recall. Digital or mobile treatments are diverse; however, they generally provide some improvement in OCD symptom burden. Finally, ongoing work is needed for a safe and trusted uptake of technology by patients and providers.