bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brassinosteroid signaling regulator BIM1 integrates brassinolide and jasmonic acid signaling during cold tolerance in apple
Authors: An Jian-Ping , Liu Zhi-Ying , Zhang Xiao-Wei , Wang Da-Ru , Zeng Fanchang , You Chun-Xiang , Han Yuepeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Although brassinolide (BR) and jasmonic acid (JA) play essential roles in the regulation of cold stress responses, the molecular basis of their crosstalk remains elusive. Here, we show a key component of BR signaling in apple (Malus × domestica), BR INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1)-EMS-SUPPRESSOR1 (BES1)-INTERACTING MYC-LIKE PROTEIN1 (MdBIM1), increases cold tolerance by directly activating expression of C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR1 (MdCBF1) and forming a complex with C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR2 (MdCBF2) to enhance MdCBF2-activated transcription of cold-responsive genes. Two repressors of JA signaling, JAZMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN1 (MdJAZ1) and JAZMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN2 (MdJAZ2), interact with MdBIM1 to integrate BR and JA signaling under cold stress. MdJAZ1 and MdJAZ2 reduce MdBIM1-promoted cold stress tolerance by attenuating transcriptional activation of MdCBF1 expression by MdBIM1 and interfering with the formation of the MdBIM1–MdCBF2 complex. Furthermore, the E3 ubiquitin ligase ARABIDOPSIS TÓXICOS en LEVADURA73 (MdATL73) decreases MdBIM1-promoted cold tolerance by targeting MdBIM1 for ubiquitination and degradation. Our results not only reveal crosstalk between BR and JA signaling mediated by a JAZ-BIM1-CBF module but also provide insights into the posttranslational regulatory mechanism of BR signaling.
Origin of the pointed snout inScolelepisand the mouth region in spionid polychaetes (Annelida: Spionidae)
Authors: Radashevsky Vasily I 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdult Scolelepis are unique among spionids in having an elongated, pointed snout, used for digging in sediment. Earlier studies have suggested that the pointed part of the larval head was a peristomial extension. Despite this, modern authors characterize larvae and adults of Scolelepis as having an elongated, pointed prostomium. Based on new observations, as well as on literature data, I show that the pointed medioventral process of the head in larvae is formed by lateral peristomial lips, elongated and fused anteriorly, each supported internally by conspicuous fibres. During settlement and metamorphosis, the anterolateral parts of the prostomium extend ventrally and overgrow the basal part of the peristomial process in a tube-like manner, forming a typical adult snout. Thus, in adult Scolelepis, only the wide basal part of the snout is formed by the prostomium, while the anterior, pointed part of the snout (the rostrum) is of peristomial origin. The ventral peristomial lip does not develop in Scolelepis larvae, and the ventral part of the mouth in adults is formed by the anterior extensions of the first and second segments. The diverse composition of the mouth region of different spionids is illustrated, as well as other details of the morphology of Scolelepis.
CCR2 inhibitor strengthens the adiponectin effects against myocardial injury after infarction
Authors: Zheng Yue , Gao Wenqing , Qi Bingcai , Zhang Ruiying , Ning Meng , Hu Xiaomin , Li Tong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLittle evidence demonstrated the effects of nitric oxide (NO) hydrogel with adipocytes in vivo. We aimed to investigate the effects of adiponectin (ADPN) and CCR2 antagonist on cardiac functions and macrophage phenotypes after myocardial infarction (MI) using chitosan caged nitric oxide donor (CSNO) patch with adipocytes. 3T3‐L1 cell line was induced to adipocytes and ADPN expression was knocked down. CSNO was synthesized and patch was constructed. MI model was constructed and patch was placed on the infarcted area. ADPN knockdown adipocytes or control was incubated with CSNO patch, and CCR2 antagonist was also used to investigate the ADPN effects on myocardial injury after infarction. On day 7 after operation, cardiac functions of the mice using CSNO with adipocytes or ADPN knockdown adipocytes improved more than in mice only using CSNO for treatment. Lymphangiogenesis increased much more in the MI mice using CSNO with adipocytes. After treating with CCR2 antagonist, Connexin43+ CD206+ cells and ZO‐1+ CD206+ cells increased, suggesting that CCR2 antagonist promoted M2 polarization after MI. Besides, CCR2 antagonist promoted ADPN expression in adipocytes and cardiomyocytes. ELISA was also used and CKMB expression was much lower than other groups at 3 days after operation. On day 7 after operation, the VEGF and TGFβ expressions were high in the adipocytes CSNO group, illustrating that higher ADPN led to better treatment. In all, CCR2 antagonist enhanced the ADPN effects on macrophage M2 polarization and cardiac functions. The combination used in border zone and infarcted areas may help improve patients' prognosis in surgery, such as CABG.
Neonatal Healthcare Professionals' Experiences When Implementing a Simulation and Debriefing Program in Neonatal Intensive Care Settings
Authors: Quinn Jenny , Quinn Megan , Lieu Brandon , Bohnert Janine , Halamek Louis P. , Profit Jochen , Fuerch Janene H. , Chitkara Ritu , Yamada Nicole K. , Gould Jeff , Lee Henry C. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Simulation-based training (SBT) and debriefing have increased in healthcare as a method to conduct interprofessional team training in a realistic environment.

Purpose:
This qualitative study aimed to describe the experiences of neonatal healthcare professionals when implementing a patient safety simulation and debriefing program in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Methods:
Fourteen NICUs in California and Oregon participated in a 15-month quality improvement collaborative with the California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative. Participating sites completed 3 months of preimplementation work, followed by 12 months of active implementation of the simulation and debriefing program. Focus group interviews were conducted with each site 2 times during the collaborative. Content analysis found emerging implementation themes.

Results:
There were 234 participants in the 2 focus group interviews. Six implementation themes emerged: (1) receptive context; (2) leadership support; (3) culture change; (4) simulation scenarios; (5) debriefing methodology; and (6) sustainability. Primary barriers and facilitators with implementation of SBT centered around having a receptive context at the unit level (eg, availability of resources and time) and multidisciplinary leadership support.

Implications for Practice and Research:
NICUs have varying environmental (context) factors and consideration of unit-level context factors and support from leadership are integral aspects of enhancing the successful implementation of a simulation and debriefing program for neonatal resuscitation. Additional research regarding implementation methods for overcoming barriers for both leaders and participants, as well as determining the optimal frequency of SBT for clinicians, is needed. A knowledge gap remains regarding improvements in patient outcomes with SBT.
Construction and evaluation of the functional polygenic risk score for gastric cancer in a prospective cohort of the European population
Authors: Gu Yuanliang , Yan Caiwang , Wang Tianpei , Hu Beiping , Zhu Meng , Jin Guangfu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
A polygenic risk score (PRS) derived from 112 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for gastric cancer has been reported in Chinese populations (PRS-112). However, its performance in other populations is unknown. A functional PRS (fPRS) using functional SNPs (fSNPs) may improve the generalizability of the PRS across populations with distinct ethnicities.

Methods:
We performed functional annotations on SNPs in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the 112 previously reported SNPs to identify fSNPs that affect protein-coding or transcriptional regulation. Subsequently, we constructed an fPRS based on the fSNPs by using the LDpred2-infinitesimal model and then analyzed the performance of the PRS-112 and fPRS in the risk prediction of gastric cancer in 457,521 European participants of the UK Biobank cohort. Finally, the performance of the fPRS in combination with lifestyle factors were evaluated in predicting the risk of gastric cancer.

Results:
During 4,582,045 person-years of follow-up with a total of 623 incident gastric cancer cases, we found no significant association between the PRS-112 and gastric cancer risk in the European population (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.00 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93–1.09], P = 0.846). We identified 125 fSNPs, including seven deleterious protein-coding SNPs and 118 regulatory non-coding SNPs, and used them to construct the fPRS-125. Our result showed that the fPRS-125 was significantly associated with gastric cancer risk (HR = 1.11 [95% CI, 1.03–1.20], P = 0.009). Compared to participants with a low fPRS-125 (bottom quintile), those with a high fPRS-125 (top quintile) had a higher risk of incident gastric cancer (HR = 1.43 [95% CI, 1.12–1.84], P = 0.005). Moreover, we observed that participants with both an unfavorable lifestyle and a high genetic risk had the highest risk of incident gastric cancer (HR = 4.99 [95% CI, 1.55–16.10], P = 0.007) compared to those with both a favorable lifestyle and a low genetic risk.

Conclusion:
These results indicate that the fPRS-125 derived from fSNPs may act as an indicator to measure the genetic risk of gastric cancer in the European population.
Comparison between supra-inguinal fascia iliaca and pericapsular nerve group blocks on postoperative pain and functional recovery after total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Carella Michele , Beck Florian , Piette Nicolas , Denys Sébastien , Lecoq Jean-Pierre , Bonhomme Vincent L. 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND
Pain after a posterolateral approach for total hip arthroplasty (THA) may affect early functional recovery. Supra-inguinal fascia iliaca (SFIB) and pericapsular nerve group (PENG) blocks have been proposed as promising analgesia techniques.

OBJECTIVES
This trial was conducted to compare a PENG with a SFIB for controlling postoperative pain and for providing functional recovery.

DESIGN
Noninferiority monocentric randomised controlled study.

SETTING
One hundred and two patients scheduled for a total hip arthroplasty via the posterolateral approach under spinal anaesthesia were prospectively allocated to two groups. Data acquisition occurred between October 2021 and July 2022 at the University Hospital of Liege.

PATIENTS
One hundred and two patients completed the trial.

INTERVENTIONS
Group SFIB received supra-inguinal fascia iliaca block (SFIB) (40 ml ropivacaine 0.375%), whereas group PENG received a PENG block (20 ml ropivacaine 0.75%).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Rest and mobilisation pain on a 0 to 10 numeric rating scale at fixed time points: 1 and 6 h after surgery, on day-1 and day-2 at 8 a.m.,1 p.m. and 6 p.m. On day-1 and day-2, evolution of quality-of-recovery-15 score was assessed, and timed-up-and-go, 2 and 6 min-walking tests. The noninferiority margin was set as 1 numeric rating scale point 6 h after surgery.

RESULTS
Six hours after surgery, pain scores in group PENG were noninferior to those of group SFIB, with a difference between medians at 0 (95% CI −0.93 to 0.93). There were no significant differences between the groups regarding rest and dynamic pain trajectories during the first 48 postoperative hours, with no significant effects of group (rest P = 0.800; dynamic P = 0.708) or interaction between group and time (rest P = 0.803; dynamic P = 0.187). Similarly, no significant differences were observed regarding motor and functional recovery as assessed by timed-up-and-go (P = 0.197), 2 min (P = 0.364), and 6 min walking (P = 0.347) tests and quality-of-recovery-15 (P = 0.417) score.

CONCLUSION
Following a total hip arthroplasty via the posterolateral approach, a PENG block is noninferior to SFIB regarding postoperative pain control 6 h after surgery, and functional recovery.

TRIAL REGISTRATION
European Clinical Trial Register under EudraCT-number 2020-005126-28 (https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2020-005126-28/BE).
Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for Reconstruction of Ocular Surface Lesion Excisions in Pediatric Population
Authors: Bulut Okyanus , Palamar Melis , Yaman Banu , Egrilmez Sait , Yagci Ayse , Barut Selver Ozlem 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
To define the use of human amniotic membrane transplantation (hAMT) for reconstruction of the ocular surface after ocular surface lesion excisions in pediatric population during the last decade in a tertiary eye center.

Methods:
A total of 31 patients who underwent hAMT procedure because of the excision of ocular surface lesions between January 2009 and December 2021 were included in this study. The medical data were retrospectively evaluated.

Results:
The female-to-male ratio was 14/17. The mean age of the patients was 10.1±4.1 (range, 1–18) years. Although a single hAMT was applied to most of the cases (94.4%; 34 eyes), more than one hAMT was applied to 5.6% of cases (2 eyes). The amniotic membrane degradation duration was found to be 21.5±10.8 (range, 13–50) days.

Conclusions:
Amniotic membrane is used as a biomaterial in various ocular surface diseases with its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound healing properties. Although widely used, there are only a few studies reporting its clinical efficacy in the pediatric age group. It seems to be safe and effective in pediatric age group for ocular surface reconstruction after ocular surface lesion excisions.
Evaluation of Limbal Stem Cells in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: An In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Study
Authors: Chen Dan , Wang Leying , Guo Xiaoyan , Zhang Zijun , Xu Xizhan , Jin Zi-Bing , Liang Qingfeng 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
This study aimed to investigate corneal limbus changes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and explore the correlation between their ocular manifestations and systemic status.

Methods:
Fifty-five patients with type 2 DM and 20 age-matched controls were included. The following IVCM parameters were compared between the 2 groups: palisades of Vogt (POV), corneal epithelial thickness (CET), basal cell density (BCD), subbasal nerve plexus, and dendritic cell density. All subjects underwent blood and urine sampling for laboratory analysis, including fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, C-reactive protein, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, urine albumin, and urine creatinine. The correlations between IVCM parameters and blood biomarkers were detected. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used for selecting the cutoff value of risk factors for corneal stem cell injury in patients with DM.

Results:
Compared with controls, patients with DM displayed a significant reduction of POV (superior region, P = 0.033; inferior region, P = 0.003; nasal region, P < 0.001; temporal region, P < 0.001), central CET (44.8 ± 3.6 μm vs. 51.9 ± 3.6 μm, P < 0.001), central corneal BCD (7415.5 ± 563.2 cells/mm2 vs. 9177.9 ± 977.8 cells/mm2, P < 0.001), and peripheral corneal BCD (6181.3 ± 416.5 cells/mm2 vs. 8576.3 ± 933.2 cells/mm2, P < 0.001). Dendritic cell density (41.0 ± 33.7 cells/mm2 vs. 24.6 ± 7.8 cells/mm2, P = 0.001) was significantly higher in the DM group. The following weak correlations were shown between IVCM parameters and blood biomarkers: central corneal BCD was negatively correlated with DM duration (r = −0.3, P = 0.024), TC (r = −0.36, P = 0.007), and LDL (r = −0.39, P = 0.004). The presence of POV in the superior region was negatively correlated with TC (r = −0.34, P = 0.011) and LDL (r = −0.31, P = 0.022). Cutoff values of 1.215 mmol/L for HDL, 1.59 mmol/L for TG, or 4.75 mmol/L for TC were established to distinguish patients with a high risk from a low risk for stem cell damage.

Conclusions:
Patients with type 2 DM displayed a lower positive rate of typical POV and a decrease in BCD, CET, and subbasal nerve density. The most relevant indicators for stem cell phenotypes were DM duration, TC, and LDL. Lipid status in diabetic patients could be a predictor of risk for developing corneal limbal stem cell deficiency. Further studies with larger sample sizes or basic research are needed to verify the results.
Development and validation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease test: a simple sensitive and specific marker for early diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Omran Mohamed , Omr Mona , Mohamed Amal A. , Abdelghafour Reem A. , Muharram Nashwa M. , Hassan Mohamed B. , Fangry Abobakrelsedik , Emran Tarek , Arab Juan P. , Arnold Jorge , Diaz Luis Antonio , Zheng Ming-Hua , El-Kassas Mohamed 
Published: July 2023

Aim
This study aimed to develop a noninvasive test for identifying patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) based on clinical and routine laboratory data.

Methods
The developed model ‘NAFLD test’ was compared to the most commonly used NAFLD scores and then validated in three groups of NAFLD patients from five centers in Egypt, China, and Chile. Patients were divided into the discovery cohort (n = 212) and the validation study (n = 859). The ROC curve and stepwise multivariate discriminant analysis were used to develop and validate the NAFLD test and evaluate its diagnostic performance, which was then compared to other NAFLD scores.

Results
Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), cholesterol, BMI, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly associated with NAFLD (P < 0.0001). NAFLD test is depicted as (−0.695 + 0.031 × BMI + 0.003 × cholesterol + 0.014 × ALT + 0.025 × CRP) to discriminate patients with NAFLD from healthy individuals. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the NAFLD test was 0.92 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88–0.96]. The NAFLD test was the most accurate diagnostic indicator of NAFLD when compared to widely used NAFLD indices. Upon validating the NAFLD test, its AUC (95% CI) for distinguishing patients with NAFLD from healthy individuals was 0.95 (0.94–0.97), 0.90 (0.87–0.93), and 0.94 (0.91–0.97) in Egyptian, Chinese, and Chilean patients with NAFLD respectively.

Conclusion
The NAFLD test is a new validated diagnostic biomarker that can be utilized for the early diagnosis of NAFLD with high diagnostic performance.
Preferred language and disease severity predict evaluation for liver transplantation among patients admitted with alcohol-associated hepatitis
Authors: Cloonan Daniel J. , Broekhuis Jordan M. , Coe Taylor M. , Criss Steven , Li Sienna , Bartels Stephen J. , Yeh Heidi , Bethea Emily D. , Dageforde Leigh Anne 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Liver transplantation (LT) for alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is a relatively new practice and limited work exists surrounding the role social determinants of health may play in evaluation. This includes language that defines how patients interact with the healthcare system. We explored characteristics of patients with AH evaluated for LT within an integrated health system.

Methods
Using a system-wide registry, we identified admissions for AH from 1 January 2016 to 31 July 2021. A multivariable logistic regression model was developed to evaluate independent predictors of LT evaluation.

Results
Among 1723 patients with AH, 95 patients (5.5%) underwent evaluation for LT. Evaluated patients were more likely have English as their preferred language (95.8% vs 87.9%, P = 0.020), and had higher INR (2.0 vs 1.4, P < 0.001) and bilirubin (6.2 vs 2.9, P < 0.001). AH patients who underwent evaluation had a lower burden of mood and stress disorders (10.5% vs 19.2%, P < 0.05). Patients with English preferred language had a greater than three times adjusted odds of LT evaluation compared with all others when adjusting for clinical disease severity, insurance status, sex, and psychiatric comorbid conditions (OR, 3.20; 95% CI, 1.14–9.02).

Conclusion
Patients with AH evaluated for LT were more likely to have English as their preferred language, more psychiatric comorbidities, and more severe liver disease. Despite adjustment for psychiatric comorbidities and disease severity, English preferred language remained the strongest predictor of evaluation. As programs expand LT for AH, it is vital to build equitable systems that account for the interaction between language and healthcare in transplantation.
The association between duration of and indications for proton pump inhibitor use and risk of gastric polyps
Authors: Kroupa Radek , Pavlik Tomas , Konecny Stefan , Packova Barbora , Dastych Milan , Pavlovsky Zdenek , Dolina Jiri 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
The development of fundic gland polyps (FGPs) is the most common side effect of long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use; however, the effect of drug use characteristics and their impact on the risk of other gastric polyp development remain unclear. We aimed to identify the influence of PPI administration, as well as its duration and dose, in the development of gastric polyps.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted on consecutive patients who underwent gastroscopy between September 2017 and August 2019. Detailed characteristics of gastric polyps, Helicobacter pylori infection, and PPI use were analyzed.

Results
Among the 2723 patients included, gastric polyps (75% FGPs, 22% hyperplastic) were detected in 16.4%, and 60% were prescribed PPI. The risk of FGPs and hyperplastic polyps according to the duration of PPI use were as follows: 2–5 years [odds ratio (95% confidence interval); 2.86 (2.00–4.11) and 2.82 (1.69–4.78)]; 6–9 years [7.42 (5.03–11.01) and 2.32 (1.05–4.78)]; ≥10 years [14.94 (10.36–21.80) and 3.52 (1.67–7.03)]. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the risk of FGPs was 17.16 (11.35–26.23) for ≥10 years of PPI use. Portal hypertension-related conditions were associated with hyperplastic polyps [4.99 (2.71–9.20)].

Conclusion
Duration of and indications for PPI use are the most predictive factors for the development of gastric polyps. Prolonged PPI use increases the risk of polyp development and the number of patients with polyps, which may burden endoscopic practice. Highly selected patients may require particular care despite minimal risk of dysplasia and bleeding generally.