bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary function and structure abnormalities in children and young adults with osteogenesis imperfecta point to intrinsic and extrinsic lung abnormalities
Authors: Gochuico Bernadette R , Hossain Mahin , Talvacchio Sara K , Zuo Mei Xing G , Barton Mark , Dang Do An Ngoc , Marini Joan C 
Published: May 2023

PurposePulmonary disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). We investigated the contribution of intrinsic lung factors to impaired pulmonary function in children and young adults with OI types III, IV, VI.MethodsPatients with type III (n=8), IV (n=21), VI (n=5), VII (n=2) or XIV (n=1) OI (mean age 23.6 years) prospectively underwent pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and thoracic CT and radiographs.ResultsPFT results were similar using arm span or ulnar length as height surrogates. PFTs were significantly lower in type III than type IV or VI OI. All patients with type III and half of type IV OI had lung restriction; 90% of patients with OI had reduced gas exchange. Patients withCOL1A1variants had significantly lower forced expiratory flow (FEF)25%–75% compared with those withCOL1A2variants. PFTs correlated negatively with Cobb angle or age. CT scans revealed small airways bronchial thickening (100%, 86%, 100%), atelectasis (88%, 43%, 40%), reticulations (50%, 29%, 20%), ground glass opacities (75%, 5%, 0%), pleural thickening (63%, 48%, 20%) or emphysema (13%, 19%, 20%) in type III, IV or VI OI, respectively.ConclusionBoth lung intrinsic and extrinsic skeletal abnormalities contribute to OI pulmonary dysfunction. Most young adult patients have restrictive disease and abnormal gas exchange; impairment is greater in type III than type IV OI. Decreased FEF25%–75% and thickening of small bronchi walls indicate a critical role for small airways. Lung parenchymal abnormalities (atelectasis, reticulations) and pleural thickening were also detected. Clinical interventions to mitigate these impairments are warranted.Trial registration numberNCT03575221.
Rescue stenting after failure of endovascular thrombectomy for acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion: data from the PERSIST registry
Authors: Lu Yanan , Wu Zongyi , Wang Zi , Zhang Pan , Zhang Feng , Hu Miaomiao , Lan Wenya , Liang Yong , Yi Jilong , Sun Wen 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAmong acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion (VBAO) patients, successful reperfusion is a strong predictor of favorable outcomes. However, failed reperfusion (FR) with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in VBAO was observed to occur in 18–50% of cases. We aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of rescue stenting (RS) for VBAO after failed EVT.MethodsPatients with VBAO who received EVT were enrolled retrospectively. Propensity score matching was performed as the primary analysis to compare the outcomes between patients with RS and FR. Furthermore, a comparison between using the self-expanding stent (SES) and balloon-mounted stent (BMS) in the RS group was also conducted. The primary and secondary outcomes were defined as a 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0–3, and a 90-day mRS score 0–2, respectively. Safety outcomes included all-cause mortality at 90 days and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH).ResultsThe RS group showed a significantly higher rate of 90-day mRS score 0–3 (46.6% vs 20.7%; adjusted OR (aOR) 5.06, 95% CI 1.88 to 13.59, P=0.001) and a lower rate of 90-day mortality (34.5% vs 55.2%; aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.90, P=0.026) than the FR group. The rates of 90-day mRS score 0–2 and sICH were not significantly different between the RS group and FR group. There were no differences in all outcomes between SES and BMS groups.ConclusionsRS appeared to be a safe and effective rescue approach in patients with VBAO who failed EVT, and there was no difference between using SES and BMS.
The immunologic phenotype of thrombi is associated with future vascular events after cerebral infarction
Authors: Yang Wookjin , Hong Soon Auck , Kim Jeong-Min , Jeong Hae-Bong , Nam Taek-Kyun , Choi Hyun Ho , Kim Suh Min , Park Kwang-Yeol , Kim Hye Ryoun 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThrombi retrieved from patients with acute ischemic stroke may contain prognostic information.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the immunologic phenotype of thrombi and future vascular events in patients with a stroke.MethodsThis study included patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular thrombectomy at Chung-Ang University Hospital in Seoul, Korea, between February 2017 and January 2020. Laboratory and histological variables were compared between patients with and without recurrent vascular events (RVEs). Kaplan–Meier analysis followed by the Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify factors related to RVE. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the performance of the immunologic score by combining immunohistochemical phenotypes to predict RVE.ResultsA total of 46 patients were included in the study with 13 RVEs (mean±SD age, 72.8±11.3 years; 26 (56.5%) men). Thrombi with a lower percentage of programmed death ligand-1 expression (HR=11.64; 95% CI 1.60 to 84.82) and a higher number of citrullinated histone H3 positive cells (HR=4.19; 95% CI 0.81 to 21.75) were associated with RVE. The presence of high-mobility group box 1 positive cell was associated with reduced risk of RVE, but the association was lost after adjustment for stroke severity. The immunologic score, which consists of the three immunohistochemical phenotypes, showed good performance in predicting RVE (area under the ROC curve, 0.858; 95% CI 0.758 to 0.958).ConclusionsThe immunological phenotype of thrombi could provide prognostic information after stroke.
Effective clinical nursing leadership in hospitals: barriers from the perspectives of nurse managers
Authors: Algunmeeyn Abdullah , Mrayyan Majd T , Suliman Wafika A , Abunab Hamzeh Y , Al-Rjoub Saleem 
Published: May 2023

AimThe purpose of this study was to identify barriers to effective clinical nursing leadership in Jordanian hospitals from the perspectives of nurse managers (NMs).BackgroundClinical leadership is about expertise in specialised fields and involving professionals in clinical care. Even though leadership terminology has been used in nursing and healthcare business literature, clinical leadership is still misunderstood, including its barriers.MethodThis study adopted a qualitative narrative approach and recruited a purposive sample of 19 NMs and two associate executive directors of nursing from two hospitals. Data were collected through two focus group discussions and in-depth interviews and were analysed using content analysis. The study was guided by the ‘Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research’.ResultFour themes emerged regarding barriers to effective clinical nursing leadership: (1) power differential, (2) inconsistent connectedness with physicians, (3) lack of early socialisation experiences and (4) clinical practice reform is a mutual responsibility.Conclusion and relevance to clinical practiceBarriers are detrimental to effective clinical leadership; they are associated with interdisciplinary and professional socialisation factors. Managers and academicians at all levels should immediately consider these barriers as a priority. Innovative clinical leaders should identify barriers to effective clinical leadership at the early stages. Thus, innovative clinical leadership programmes are warranted.
BIOMEDICAL CONVERGENCE FACILITATED BY THE EMERGENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL AND INFORMATIC CAPABILITIES
Authors: YANG DONG , PAVLIDIS IOANNIS , PETERSEN ALEXANDER MICHAEL 
Published: May 2023

We leverage the knowledge network representation of the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) ontology to infer conceptual distances between roughly 30,000 distinct MeSH keywords — each being prescribed to particular knowledge domains — in order to quantify the origins of cross-domain biomedical convergence. Analysis of MeSH co-occurrence networks based upon 21.6 million research articles indexed by PubMed identifies three robust knowledge clusters: micro-level biological entities and structures; meso-level representations of systems, and diseases and diagnostics; and emergent macro-level biological and social phenomena. Analysis of cross-cluster dynamics shows how these domains integrated from the 1990s onward via technological and informatic capabilities — captured by MeSH belonging to the “Technology, Industry, and Agriculture” (J) and “Information Science” (L) branches — representing highly controllable, scalable and permutable research processes and invaluable imaging techniques for illuminating fundamental yet transformative structure–function–behavior questions. Our results indicate that 8.2% of biomedical research from 2000 to 2018 include MeSH terms from both the J and L MeSH branches, representing a 291% increase from 1980s levels. Article-level MeSH analysis further identifies the increasing prominence of cross-domain integration, and confirms a positive relationship between team size and topical diversity. Journal-level analysis reveals variable trends in topical diversity, suggesting that demand and appreciation for convergence science vary by scholarly community. Altogether, we develop a knowledge network framework that identifies the critical role of techno-informatic inputs as convergence bridges — or catalyzers of integration across distinct knowledge domains — as highlighted by the 1990s genomics revolution, and onward in contemporary brain, behavior and health science initiatives.
Data from Sugar- and Artificially-Sweetened Beverages and Cancer Mortality in a Large U.S. Prospective Cohort
Authors: McCullough Marjorie L. , Hodge Rebecca A. , Campbell Peter T. , Guinter Mark A. , Patel Alpa V. 
Published: May 2023

<div>AbstractBackground:<p>Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption may be associated with cancer mortality independent of, or indirectly through, established influences on increased body adiposity.</p>Methods:<p>We examined the associations of SSBs and artificially-sweetened beverages (ASB) with mortality from all-cancers combined, obesity-related cancers combined, and 20 cancer types, among men and women in the Cancer Prevention Study-II (CPS-II) prospective cohort. In 1982, 934,777 cancer-free participants provided information on usual SSB and ASB consumption. Deaths were identified through 2016. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models examined associations of beverage types with cancer mortality, without and with BMI adjustment.</p>Results:<p>During follow-up, 135,093 CPS-II participants died from cancer. Consumption of ≥2 SSB drinks/day vs. never was not associated with all-cancer mortality, but was associated with increased risk of obesity-related cancers [HR, 1.05; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.01–1.08; <i>P</i><sub>trend</sub> = 0.057], which became null after adjustment for BMI. SSBs were associated with increased mortality from colorectal (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02–1.17; <i>P</i><sub>trend</sub> = 0.011), and kidney (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.03–1.34; <i>P</i><sub>trend</sub> = 0.056) cancers, which remained after BMI adjustment. A positive association of ASB consumption with obesity-related cancers (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01–1.08; <i>P</i><sub>trend</sub> = 0.001) was null after controlling for BMI; however, an increased risk of pancreatic cancer was robust to BMI adjustment (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02–1.20; <i>P</i><sub>trend</sub> < 0.008).</p>Conclusions:<p>SSB consumption was associated with higher mortality from certain cancers, partially mediated through obesity. Associations of ASB consumption and increased pancreatic cancer risk merit further study.</p>Impact:<p>Future research should consider the role of BMI in studies of sweetened beverages and cancer risk. These results should inform policy regarding sweetened beverage consumption.</p></div>
Redescription of Triceracolax chrysophryenus (Roubal, Armitage & Rohde, 1983) (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae) recovered from Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (Actinopterygii) in Japan, with the description of its copepodid IV
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Triceracolax chrysophryenus (Roubal, Armitage & Rohde, 1983) is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes, recovered from the nasal cavity of the red sea bream, Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (Perciformes, Sparidae) in Japan. Leg 1 exopod of the female of the species is recognized to be 2-segmented.
Just Bad Quality or Just Good Quality? The Meaning of Macroscopic Growth Features of Timber in Ship-Archaeological Analyses
Authors: Belasus Mike , Daly Aoife 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The particular macroscopic growth features of the timbers of Bremen-Cog, a late 14th-century cargo vessel, were the subject of a detailed analysis during the European Research Council (ERC) research project TIMBER at the University of Copenhagen. The unexpected depth of the results of this examination led to the feasibility study presented in this paper, which evaluates the meaning of macroscopic growth features in ship archaeological analyses. In the past, the perception of wood in ship-archaeological analyses often seems to be either ignored or strongly idealised causing macroscopic growth features to be missing in many cases as decisive analytical features. The idea of a shipwright, who personally chooses only the best material, was likely born out of an idealised image of the past and influenced by recent shipbuilding practices. Detailed advice on the choice of high-quality timber for shipbuilding only appeared during the 20th century, long after wood was superseded by steel for most vessels, and the competition for shipbuilding timber on the market had ceased. In some cases, this has produced a somewhat distorted interpretation of ships and shipbuilding. As a holistic approach to features of growth can provide information beyond timber quality, such as environmental influences and human impacts on this resource. In certain cases, such an approach can draw conclusions on economic and social circumstances. The information gathered from building timber can alter the interpretation of boats and ships. This paper discusses the demand for shipbuilding timber and its quality in northwest Europe, and aims to reflect on possible social, economic, or environmental reasons for the shipwright’s choices.
Process-Oriented Diagnostics: Principles, Practice, Community Development, and Common Standards
Authors: Neelin J. David , Krasting John P. , Radhakrishnan Aparna , Liptak Jessica , Jackson Thomas , Ming Yi , Dong Wenhao , Gettelman Andrew , Coleman Danielle R. , Maloney Eric D. , Wing Allison A. , Kuo Yi-Hung , Ahmed Fiaz , Ullrich Paul , Bitz Cecilia M. , Neale Richard B. , Ordonez Ana , Maroon Elizabeth A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Process-oriented diagnostics (PODs) aim to provide feedback for model developers through model analysis based on physical hypotheses. However, the step from a diagnostic based on relationships among variables, even when hypothesis driven, to specific guidance for revising model formulation or parameterizations can be substantial. The POD may provide more information than a purely performance-based metric, but a gap between POD principles and providing actionable information for specific model revisions can remain. Furthermore, in coordinating diagnostics development, there is a trade-off between freedom for the developer, aiming to capture innovation, and near-term utility to the modeling center. Best practices that allow for the former, while conforming to specifications that aid the latter, are important for community diagnostics development that leads to tangible model improvements. Promising directions to close the gap between principles and practice include the interaction of PODs with perturbed physics experiments and with more quantitative process models as well as the inclusion of personnel from modeling centers in diagnostics development groups for immediate feedback during climate model revisions. Examples are provided, along with best-practice recommendations, based on practical experience from the NOAA Model Diagnostics Task Force (MDTF). Common standards for metrics and diagnostics that have arisen from a collaboration between the MDTF and the Department of Energy’s Coordinated Model Evaluation Capability are advocated as a means of uniting community diagnostics efforts.
A Platform for Active Stabilization of High-Altitude Balloon Payloads
Authors: Stark Jaiden , McKinney Todd , Booker Quinn , Downey Melinda , Golley Evan , Marshall Timothy , Roberts Alexander , Thompson Jake 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Weather balloon payloads are commonly used by atmospheric researchers and enthusiasts to gain insight about the upper atmosphere. Balloon payloads are often unstable during flight due to high wind speeds that are experienced in both the troposphere and the lower stratosphere. High Altitude Visual Orientation Control (HAVOC) is a platform of cold-gas thrusters designed to control the azimuth of high-altitude balloon payloads to counteract high wind conditions. HAVOC’s active control scheme uses valves that direct the flow of pressurized gas into two sets of nozzles that can generate torque in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. This counteracts the rotation induced by wind and other forces encountered during a high-altitude balloon flight. The HAVOC design is discussed including its methods of measuring and controlling balloon payload rotation. Data from preliminary flights are presented, demonstrating the system’s ability to reduce payload rotation to a user-defined ±40° s−1 for a duration of 1 h 49 min and to maintain a fixed payload azimuth within ±30° for 1 h. In addition, we present possible uses for the HAVOC system tailored to the type of user, including atmospheric researchers, videographers, and students.
Patient safety in prisons: a multi-method analysis of reported incidents in England
Authors: McFadzean Isobel J , Davies Kate , Purchase Thomas , Edwards Adrian , Hellard Stuart , Ashcroft Darren M , Avery Anthony J , Flynn Sandra , Hewson Tom , Jordan Melanie , Keers Richard , Panagioti Maria , Wainwright Verity , Walter Florian , Shaw Jenny , Carson-Stevens Andrew 
Published: May 2023

Objectives Prisoners use healthcare services three times more frequently than the general population with poorer health outcomes. Their distinct healthcare needs often pose challenges to safe healthcare provision. This study aimed to characterise patient safety incidents reported in prisons to guide practice improvement and identify health policy priorities. Design: We carried out an exploratory multi-method analysis of anonymised safety incidents from prisons. Setting Safety incidents had been reported to the National Reporting and Learning System by prisons in England between April 2018 and March 2019. Participants Reports were reviewed to identify any unintended or unexpected incident(s) which could have, or did, lead to harm for prisoners receiving healthcare. Main outcome measures Free-text descriptions were examined to identify the type and nature of safety incidents, their outcomes and harm severity. Analysis was contextualised with subject experts through structured workshops to explain relationships between the most common incidents and contributory factors. Results Of 4112 reports, the most frequently observed incidents were medication-related (n = 1167, 33%), specifically whilst administering medications (n = 626, 54%). Next, were access-related (n = 559,15%), inclusive of delays in patients accessing healthcare professionals (n = 236, 42%) and managing medical appointments (n =  171, 31%). The workshops contextualised incidents involving contributing factors (n = 1529, 28%) into three key themes, namely healthcare access, continuity of care and the balance between prison and healthcare priorities. Conclusions This study highlights the importance of improving medication safety and access to healthcare services for prisoners. We recommend staffing level reviews to ensure healthcare appointments are attended, and to review procedures for handling missed appointments, communication during patient transfers and medication prescribing.
Identification of patients with chronic migraine by using sensory-evoked oscillations from the electroencephalogram classifier
Authors: Hsiao Fu-Jung , Chen Wei-Ta , Wang Yen-Feng , Chen Shih-Pin , Lai Kuan-Lin , Coppola Gianluca , Wang Shuu-Jiun 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundTo examine whether the modulating evoked cortical oscillations could be brain signatures among patients with chronic migraine, we investigated cortical modulation using an electroencephalogram with machine learning techniques.MethodsWe directly record evoked electroencephalogram activity during nonpainful, painful, and repetitive painful electrical stimulation tasks. Cortical modulation for experimental pain and habituation processing was analyzed and used to differentiate patients with chronic migraine from healthy controls using a validated machine-learning model.ResultsThis study included 80 participants: 40 healthy controls and 40 patients with chronic migraine. Evoked somatosensory oscillations were dominant in the alpha band. Longer latency (nonpainful and repetitive painful) and augmented power (nonpainful and repetitive painful) were present among patients with chronic migraine. However, for painful tasks, alpha increases were observed among healthy controls. The oscillatory activity ratios between repetitive painful and painful tasks represented the frequency modulation and power habituation among healthy controls, respectively, but not among patients with chronic migraine. The classification models with oscillatory features exhibited high performance in differentiating patients with chronic migraine from healthy controls.ConclusionAltered oscillatory characteristics of sensory processing and cortical modulation reflected the neuropathology of patients with chronic migraine. These characteristics can be reliably used to identify patients with chronic migraine using a machine-learning approach.
Currency Crisis or Overproduction? A Marxian Analysis of the Exchange Rate Peg Collapse in Brazil
Authors: Carneiro de Almeida Júnior Antonio 
Published: May 2023

We revisit the recent past of the Brazilian economy in an attempt to present an alternative characterization of the nature of the late 1990s crisis. The theoretical basis of this analysis is Marxian political economy. This choice is justified by the contraposition between the Marxian theory of overproduction cyclical crisis and the most popular currency crisis theories, revealing that while the latter focus on the phenomenon’s appearance, the former analyzes it in depth. The analysis of capital accumulation during Brazil’s Real Plan shows that the examined crisis can be characterized as another manifestation of the aforementioned phenomenon: the overproduction cyclical crisis. JEL Classification: B51, E32, N16