bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of finely tuned liposome nanoplatform for macrophage depletion
Authors: Choi Tae Hyeon , Yoo Ran Ji , Park Ji Yong , Kim Ji Yoon , Ann Young Chan , Park Jeongbin , Kim Jin Sil , Kim Kyuwan , Shin Yu Jin , Lee Yong Jin , Lee Kyo Chul , Chung Hyewon , Seok Seung Hyeok , Im Hyung-Jun , Lee Yun-Sang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Immunotherapy with clodronate-encapsulated liposomes, which induce macrophage depletion, has been studied extensively. However, previously reported liposomal formulation-based drugs (Clodrosome® and m-Clodrosome®) are limited by their inconsistent size and therapeutic efficacy. Thus, we aimed to achieve consistent therapeutic effects by effectively depleting macrophages with uniform-sized liposomes.Results We developed four types of click chemistry-based liposome nanoplatforms that were uniformly sized and encapsulated with clodronate, for effective macrophage depletion, followed by conjugation with Man-N3 and radiolabeling. Functionalization with Man-N3 improves the specific targeting of M2 macrophages, and radioisotope labeling enables in vivo imaging of the liposome nanoplatforms. The functionalized liposome nanoplatforms are stable under physiological conditions. The difference in the biodistribution of the four liposome nanoplatforms in vivo were recorded using positron emission tomography imaging. Among the four platforms, the clodronate-encapsulated mannosylated liposome effectively depleted M2 macrophages in the normal liver and tumor microenvironment ex vivo compared to that by Clodrosome® and m-Clodrosome®.Conclusion The newly-developed liposome nanoplatform, with finely tuned size control, high in vivo stability, and excellent ex vivo M2 macrophage targeting and depletion effects, is a promising macrophage-depleting agent.
Sub-sampled adaptive trust region method on Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Zhao Shimin , Yan Tao , Zhu Yuanguo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We consider the problem of large-scale finite-sum minimization on Riemannian manifold. We develop a sub-sampled adaptive trust region method on Riemannian manifolds. Base on the inexact information, the method adopts adaptive techniques to flexibly adjust the trust region radius. We present the iteration complexity is O(max ε-2g ε-1H, ε-3H) when the algorithm attains an (εg,εH)-second-order stationary point whichmatches the result on trust region methods. Numerical results for the PCA on Grassmann manifold and the Low-rank matrix completion are reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed Riemannian method.
Effects of remimazolam on cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative cognitive function in elderly undergoing nasal endoscopic surgery: a retrospective exploratory study
Authors: Huang yingjie , Hu qian , Chen qiuhong , Chen qinqin , Liu bowen , Yang wenming , Zhang xuekang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Remimazolam is a new type of benzodiazepine, which has been widely used for general anesthesia and sedation. However, the association between remimazolam and intraoperative cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative cognitive function in older patients undergoing nasal endoscopic surgery remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of general anesthesia with remimazolam during nasal endoscopic surgery on intraoperative cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative cognitive function in the elderly.Methods This single-center retrospective study reviewed data from patients older than 65 years who underwent nasal endoscopic surgery under general anesthesia at our institution between December 2020 and December 2021. Patient intraoperative regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rcSO2) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores were obtained from patient records. According to the sedatives used in anesthesia, the patients were divided into the remimazolam (R) and propofol groups (P) for analysis.Results Sixty patients were included in the final analysis (R group, n = 30; P group, n = 30). The relative maximum reduction of intraoperative rcSO2 was significantly lower in the R group than in the P group (P < 0.05), and the rcSO2 in the R group was significantly higher than in the P group (P < 0.05) after intraoperative controlled hypotension. However, there was no significant difference in MoCA scores between the two groups.Conclusion Remimazolam may benefit elderly patients during nasal endoscopic surgery in terms of rcSO2, but has no significant association with postoperative cognitive function.
Digital Inpainting of Mural Images Based on DC-CycleGAN
Authors: Xu Zhigang , Zhang Chenmin , Wu Yanpeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLocated in Dunhuang, northwest China, the Mogao Grottoes are a cultural treasure of China and the world. However, after more than 2,000 years of weathering and destruction, many murals faded and were damaged. This treasure of human art is in danger. Mural inpainting through deep learning can permanently preserve mural information. In order to reduce manpower and material resources, the efficiency of mural image restoration is significantly improved. Therefore, a digital restoration method combining Deformable Convolution (DCN), ECANet, ResNet and Cycle Generative Adversarial Network (CycleGAN) is proposed. We name it DC-CycleGAN. Compared with other image digital inpainting methods, the proposed DC-CycleGAN based mural image color inpainting method has better inpainting effects and higher model performance, which can better capture the high-frequency characteristics of the image and avoid network degradation and gradient disappearance. The digital restoration of mural images provides a new theoretical and scientific basis for the protection and restoration process of murals, and shows the latest attempts of mural restoration.
Overexpression of TPL2 may be a Predictor of Good Prognosis in Patients with Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
Authors: Yu Qin , Wan Dan , Fu Rong , Li Feng , Zhang Yutao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective To investigate the roles and clinical significance of tumor progression locus 2 (TPL2) and peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase 1 (Pin1) in the occurrence and development of breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression status of TPL2 and Pin1 in paraffin-embedded human breast tissues, which included normal breast tissues (Normal), fibrocystic changes (FCC), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and IDC. The roles of TPL2 and Pin1 in the development of IDC, as well as the correlation between their expression status and clinicopathological parameters, were analyzed.Results Compared with Normal and FCC groups, the overexpression rates of TPL2 and Pin1 were significantly increased in DCIS and IDC groups. The expression of TPL2 and Pin1 was positively correlated in DCIS and IDC groups. In the IDC group, Ki67 expression in the TPL2 overexpression group was significantly lower than that in the TPL2 low expression group. The TPL2 overexpression rate was significantly higher in IDC with histological grades 1–2 than that in IDC with histological grade 3. The TPL2 overexpression rate in IDC with TNM stage I was significantly higher than that in IDC with TNM stages II–III. The overexpression of Pin1 was positively correlated with the positive expression of estrogen receptor (ER) in the IDC group.Conclusions TPL2 and Pin1 may synergistically promote the occurrence and development of IDC, but TPL2 overexpression may be an early molecular event in IDC development. The prognosis of IDC patients with TPL2 overexpression may be better, suggesting that TPL2 overexpression may be a predictor of good prognosis in IDC. The detection of TPL2 expression in IDC tissues may be a key approach to evaluate the prognosis of IDC patients in the future.
Divorce Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithms in Ha'il Region, KSA
Authors: Alshawarbeh Etaf Saleh , Shafqat Ayesha , Alraqad Tariq , Moumen Abdelkader , Saber Hicham , Shafqat Ramsha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a study in which the divorce predictor scale (DPS), based on Gottman couples therapy, was used to predict divorce. The 54 items in the DPS were used as features or attributes in a machine learning model. In addition to the DPS, a personal information form was utilized to gather participants' personal data in order to conduct this study in a more structured and traditional manner. Out of 148 participants 116 participants were married whereas 32 were divorced. With the use of algorithms Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Naïve Byes (NB) and Random Forest (RF), the effectiveness of DPS was examined in this study. The correlation based feature selection method was used to identify the top 6 features from the same dataset and the highest accuracy rate was 96.61\% with ANN. The results show that DPS can predict divorce. This scale can help family counselors and therapists in case formulation and intervention plan development process. Additionally, it may be argued that the Hail region, KSA sampling confirmed the Gottman couples treatment predictors.
Polymeric organogel as an effective approach for eradication of heavy metal ions As, Pb, Cd, and Cr from the surface of groundwater through adsorption stratagem
Authors: Baruah Kankana , Dutta Riku , Doley Simanta , Sarma Bipul , Dolui Swapan Kr. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Excess metal pollutant has affected and caused serious havoc in the lives of terrestrial as well as aquatic beings. The core of this work revolves around eradicating highly toxic heavy metal ions from underground water systems using a cost-effective, high removal efficiency polymeric adsorbent capable of adsorbing and removing ionic metals whose backbone is composed of a bio-degradable polymer, Polyvinyl alcohol. The obtained adsorbent was characterized using FT-IR, HNMR, and P-XRD. Morphological studies were carried out using SEM. Detection and adsorption of metal ions were performed using SEM-EDX and AAS; wherein the adsorbent was found to remove nearly 80% of Arsenic ions, 70.5% and 70.7% for Lead and Chromium ions while 60.7% for Cadmium ions respectively. Further, the kinetics of adsorption along with intraparticle diffusion studies were also performed to determine the mechanism alongside observing the isothermal influence of the sorbent. The adsorption capacity was seen to be highest in Arsenic at around 570.42mg/g thus acting as a potential and effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from groundwater.
Evaluation of c-Fos protein expression and NADPH-d reactivity in Neurobion pretreated rat model of inflammatory pain
Authors: Zarei Shahab A. , Shahriari-Khalaji Mina , Andolina Ian Max , Behzadi Gila 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
B-vitamins have been evaluated as a useful adjuvant therapy to treat pain. In spite of clinical and experimental evidence indicating the analgesic effect of B-vitamins, few studies have investigated their effect on aspects of the inflammatory pain response. In the present study, we investigated the analgesic effect of chronic application of B-complex vitamins (Neurobion) using an inflammatory experimental pain model in rats. Nociceptive behavioral responses were evaluated in male Wistar rats after plantar injection of formalin, comparing groups with (TG) and without (CG) Neurobion pretreatment. In addition, neuronal activity in the central pain pathway was evaluated using c-Fos immunohistochemical reactivity and NADPH-d histochemistry. A highly significant reduction of painful behaviors such as licking and flinching were observed in TG, especially during the secondary phase of the formalin test compared to CG. Results suggest that long-term pre-treatment using Neurobion can have a beneficial effect in reducing the chronic phase of pain. In addition, we observed a downregulation of c-Fos and NADPH-d in dorsal spinal neurons, suggesting that the antinociceptive effect induced by Neurobion could be due to a suppression of nociceptive transmission at the spinal level, particularly in the afferent regions of the dorsal spinal horn, which these neurons utilizing nitric oxide at least as one of their pain neurotransmitters.
Study of Reconnection Dynamics and Plasma Relaxation in MHD simulation of a Solar Flare
Authors: Agarwal Satyam , Bhattacharyya Ramit , Yang Shangbin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Self-organization in continuous systems is associated with dissipative processes. In particular, for magnetized plasmas, it is known as magnetic relaxation, where the magnetic energy is converted into heat and kinetic energy of flow through the magnetic reconnection process. An example of such a system is the solar corona, where reconnection manifests as solar transients like flares and jets. Consequently, toward investigation of plasma relaxation in solar transients, we utilize the novel approach of data-constrained MHD simulation for an observed solar flare. The selected active region NOAA 12253 hosts a GOES M1.3 class flare. The investigation of extrapolated coronal magnetic field in conjunction with the spatiotemporal evolution of flare reveals a hyperbolic flux tube (HFT), overlying the observed brightenings. MHD simulation is carried out with the EULAG-MHD numerical model to explore reconnection dynamics. Three distinct sub-volumes are chosen and are subjected to analysis of magnetic field line dynamics along with time evolution of various physically relevant quantities like magnetic energy, current density, and twist. The overall simplification of field line complexity in each sub-volume, decay of magnetic energy and current density because of reconnection are found to be the prime signatures of relaxation. The size and position of chosen sub-volumes with respect to the boundaries of computational box are seen to play an important role in governing the overall dynamics. The terminal state of simulation for all the sub-volumes is checked for the well known Taylor(1974) predicted state of a linear force-free field configuration and we found the results to be not consistent with a linear force-free field. We think that the resolution, efficiency of reconnection in the simulation, and assumptions regarding selection of sub-volumes may have a bearing on the results, which we aim to explore in future works.
Radiological spectrum of rhino-occulo-cerebral mucormycosis
Authors: . Dinesh , Prasad Umakant , Suman Sanjay Kumar , Kumari Manisha , Waghmare Vaibhav 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Aim and objectives
Aim
To study the spectrum of imaging findings in patients Rhino-occulo-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM).
Objectives
l To study the demographic profile of patients with ROCM
l To detect the associated extrasinus complications of ROCM
l To aid in clinical diagnosis of ROCM
Materials & methods
This retrospective descriptive study was performed in histopathologically confirmed cases of ROCM. The case records of patients with radiological, culture and histological evidence of acute invasive rhinocerebral mucormycosis were retrospectively evaluated for relevant radiological and clinical data between May 2021 to June 2022.
Results
The radiological evaluation included CT and MRI scans were done in 52 patients. The patient's average age was 48 years. The ethmoid sinus was involved in 46 cases (88%) and the maxillary sinus in 27 cases (52%). Biltaral (45, 86%) and pansinus (27, 52%) involvement were the most common. The orbit was involved in 39 cases (75%), the face in 25 cases (47%), and retroantral fat stranding in 24 cases (46%). Mucosal thickening (91%) was the most common pattern of involvement, followed by complete opacification (37%). Osseous involvement was seen in 17 of 44 patients who had CT scans, and the majority of patients had extrasinus extension with intact bone. MRI revealed variable T2SI, with T2 hyperintensity being the most common pattern. Heterogeneous enhancement in post contrast imaging was the most common.
Conclusion
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is characterised by a variety of imaging abnormalities on CT and MRI. In determining the degree of involvement and consequences, imaging is crucial.
Modified Duhamel pull-through vs. Trans-anal endorectal pull-through in children with Hirschsprung's disease: Outcome comparison from a single center over 14 years
Authors: Shankar Gowri , Umashankar Vidya Bangalore , Jadhav Vinay , Munianjanappa Narendrababu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose To analyze and compare short-term results and long-term bowel function in patients with Hirschsprung disease (HD) following two commonly performed definitive surgeries at our institute: Modified Duhamel pull-through (MDPT) and transanal endorectal pull-through (TERP).Methods 103 cases of HSD who underwent pull-through procedures (MDPT, n = 71; TERP, n = 32) between 2007 and 2021 were included. Seventy-nine were assessed for bowel function by Rintala scoring (MDPT, n = 53; TERP, n = 26).Results The MDPT group had more early complications (40.84% MDPT vs. 25% TERP), including anastomotic leak (4.2%, n = 71) and adhesive intestinal obstruction (5.6%, n = 71). Rectal mucosal prolapse (3.1%, n = 32) and anal stricture (3.1%, n = 32) were noted exclusively following the TERP. Both groups had a similar incidence of HAEC (21% in MDPT vs. 20% in TERP). TERP group had more daily bowel movements post-pull-through (71.8% vs. 22.5% in MDPT). Bowel function was considered impaired, with Rintala score of < 17 in 61.5% of cases of TERP (vs. 16.9% of cases of MDPT, n = 53; P = 0.001).Conclusion In our institute, we found better bowel function outcomes following MDPT compared to TERP, with higher incidence of soiling and accidents following TERP. However, long-term outcomes following technical changes in performing the TERP procedure remains to be assessed.
Targeting GABARAPL1/HIF-2a in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Huang Xiaopeng , Zhou Liya , Chen Jiawei , Zhang Shuai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The primary gene mutations associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are located within phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways. These pathways have inhibitory effects on autophagy, and autophagy has become an important area of NPC research. However, the potential molecular targets related to autophagy in NPC remain to be elucidated. The current study examined levels of autophagy-related genes, including autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase (ATG4B) and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor associated protein like 1 (GABARAPL1), in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues and explored their potential role as novel targets for the treatment of NPC. Overexpression of GABARAPL1 was shown to decrease the level of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α and induce apoptosis in NPC cells. Importantly, when nude mice were subcutaneously inoculated with NPC cells, overexpression of GABARAPL1 slowed tumor growth. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism by which GABARAPL1 regulated nasopharyngeal tumor growth was investigated. HIF-2α, as a substrate for autophagic degradation, may play an interesting role during NPC progression. This study highlighted novel targets that may be used to treat NPC patients in the future.
Characterization of Primary Human Leptomeningeal Cells in 2D culture
Authors: Abubaker Mannthalah , Greaney Aisling , Newport David , Mulvihill John 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Maintaining the integrity of brain barriers is critical for a healthy central nervous system. While extensive research has focused on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) of the brain vasculature and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) of the choroid plexus, the barriers formed by the meninges have not received as much attention. These membranes create a barrier between the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as well as between CSF and blood. Recent studies, particularly on the arachnoid barrier, have revealed its critical role in facilitating the exchange of substances between the brain and CSF. Moreover, this barrier has been implicated in the development of neurological and immunological disorders. In order to gain a deeper comprehension of the functioning and significance of the meningeal barriers, sophisticated models of these barriers, comparable to those of the BBB and BCSFB, need to be created. The aim of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of leptomeningeal cells (LMCs) that form the meningeal barriers, in a cultured environment, including their morphology, proteomics, and barrier properties, and to determine whether passaging of these cells affects their behavior in comparison to their in vivo state. The study employed techniques such as immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and TEER to analyze the cells. The results indicate that higher passage numbers significantly alter the morphology and protein localization and expression of the LMCs. Additionally, cultured LMCs showed an increase in Vimentin and Cytokeratin expression and a lack of junctional proteins localization on the cell membrane, which could suggest loss of epithelial properties due to culture, preventing barrier formation. This study shows that the optimal LMC passage range is between passages two and five for experimentation, as past this range showed cell properties consistent with EMT at the higher passages.
Jet energy calibration with deep learning as a Kubeflow pipeline
Authors: Holmberg Daniel , Golubovic Dejan , Kirschenmann Henning 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Precise measurements of the energy of jets emerging from particle collisions at the LHC are essential for a vast majority of physics searches at the CMS experiment. In this study, we leverage well-established deep learning models for point clouds and CMS open data to improve the energy calibration of particle jets. To enable production-ready machine learning based jet energy calibration an end-to-end pipeline is built on the Kubeflow cloud platform. The pipeline allowed us to scale up our hyperparameter tuning experiments on cloud resources, and serve optimal models as REST endpoints. We present the results of the parameter tuning process and analyze the performance of the served models in terms of inference throughput, providing insights for future work in this direction. The study also demonstrates improvements in both flavor dependence and resolution of the energy response when compared to the standard jet energy corrections baseline.
Atrial Fibrosis by cardiac MRI is a correlate for atrial stiffness in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Lamy Jérôme , Taoutel Roy , Chamoun Romy , Akar Joseph , Niederer Steven , Mojibian Hamid , Huber Steffen , Baldassarre Lauren A. , Meadows Judith , Peters Dana C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aims: A relationship between left atrial strain and pressure has been demonstrated in many studies, but not in an atrial fibrillation (AF) cohort. In this work, we hypothesized that elevated left atrial (LA) tissue fibrosis might mediate and confound the LA strain vs. pressure relationship, resulting instead in a relationship between LA fibrosis and stiffness index (mean pressure/ LA reservoir strain).
Methods and Results: Sixty-seven patients with AF underwent a standard cardiac MR exam including long-axis cine views (2 and 4-ch) and a free-breathing high resolution three-dimensional late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) of the atrium (N=41), within 30 days prior to AF ablation, at which procedure invasive mean left atrial pressure (LAP) was measured. LV and LA Volumes, EF, and comprehensive analysis of LA strains (strain and strain rates and strain timings during the atrial reservoir, conduit and active phases) were measured and LA fibrosis content (LGE (ml)) was assessed from 3D LGE volumes. LA LGE was well correlated to atrial stiffness index (LA mean pressure/ LA reservoir strain) overall (R=0.59, p<0.001), and among patient subgroups. Pressure was only correlated to maximal LA volume (R=0.32) and the time to peak reservoir strain rate (R=0.32), among all functional measurements. LA reservoir strain was strongly correlated with LAEF (R=0.95, p<0.001) and LA minimum volume (r=0.82, p<0.001).
Conclusion: In our AF cohort, pressure is correlated to maximum LA volume and time to peak reservoir strain. LA LGE is a strong marker of stiffness.