bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human‐centered active torque‐based AAN impedance control for lower limb patient‐exoskeleton coupling system in the rehabilitation
Authors: Wang Yu , Guo Yida , Tao Yizhou , Tian Yang , Wang Haoping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article presents a human‐centered active torque‐based assist‐as‐needed (ATAAN) impedance control for lower limb patient‐exoskeleton coupling system (LLPECS), which considers the coupling effects (e.g., elastic connections, human soft tissues). The proposed double loop structure controller is composed of the establishment of the ATAAN impedance model in the outer‐loop and an adaptive interaction torque‐based controller in the inner‐loop. In the outer‐loop, the patient's muscle torque is estimated by a nonlinear disturbance observer, and the estimated result is used to approximate the patient's active torque. The parameters of ATAAN impedance model are modulated according to the approximation of active torque and the patient's position error to achieve the assist‐as‐needed property. In the inner‐loop, the desired interaction torque, which is required to realize the target ATAAN impedance model, is designed by a robust computed torque controller. The desired trajectory of the exoskeleton is planned online according to the desired interaction torque with the dynamics model of coupling effects. The prescribed performance controller is utilized to achieve accurate trajectory tracking of the exoskeleton, which further enables the interaction torque to track the desired value. The stability of the system and realization of the target ATAAN impedance model are rigorously proved by the Lyapunov method. Co‐simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared with other existing controllers and its robustness against modeling uncertainties. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been verified through experiments in rehabilitation scenarios.
Fault detection of harmonic reducer for construction robot based on adaptive state observer
Authors: Zhao Jinbao , Tong Shenghao , Zhang Ke , Shi Huaitao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe traditional manual masonry technology of building wall has the problems of low construction efficiency and poor safety. The research of automatic masonry robot has become an urgent need. Harmonic reducer is the key component to ensure the construction robot to achieve good quality construction. This paper takes the “flexible assembly” of harmonic reducer as the research object. The system dynamics model is simplified and the reducer fault mathematical model is established. An adaptive state observer with greater design freedom is designed based on the fault model. This paper introduces adaptive threshold and performs parameter optimization. When no fault occurs in the system, the distance between the adaptive threshold and the residual is small and higher than the residual. When the system fails, the residual is higher than the adaptive threshold. This method solves the fault leakage alarm of the traditional detection method with a fixed threshold. The effectiveness of the fault detection scheme under constant fault and time‐varying fault is verified by simulation. The results show that the adaptive threshold method can effectively reduce the false alarm whether the reducer has a constant fault or a time‐varying fault, which shows that the fault detection scheme designed in this paper is effective.
The Wood/MoS2 Composites with Good Adsorption and Photocatalytic Ability for Highly Efficient Removal of Organic Dye Molecules
Authors: Liu Yu , Wang Taojun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrganic dye‐contained wastewater is a major threat to the global environment and public health. In this study, natural wood and MoS2 are combined to create effective photocatalysts for removing organic pollutants from water under light irradiation. The results show that the photocatalytic degradation activity of wood/MoS2 composites are obviously superior to that of natural wood under solar light as well as possess outstanding stability after three reaction cycles. The improvement in photocatalytic performance for photodegradation is primarily due to an increase in specific surface area and the introduction of catalytic active sites from the edge S, which favors adsorption of organic pollutants and accelerates the degradation process. The synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalysis also ensures that the composited catalyst is highly universal in its application to organic dye degradation, including RhB (Rhodamine B), MB (Methylene Blue), and MO (Methyl Orange); the kinetic constant for the photocatalytic degradation of RhB, MO, and MB are 0.040, 0.035, and 0.032 min−1, respectively and the degradation performance can be well maintained after three cycle tests. Our study has proved that the wood/MoS2 composite is a novel, low‐cost photocatalyst that plays an important role in environmental protection.
Hybrid Multimaterial 3D Printing Using Photocuring‐While‐Dispensing
Authors: Jin Jie , Zhang Fangzhou , Yang Yulong , Zhang Chengqian , Wu Haidong , Xu Yang , Chen Yong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) printing methods, such as vat photopolymerization (VPP) and direct‐ink‐writing (DIW) processes, are known for their high‐resolution and multimaterial capabilities, respectively. Here a novel hybrid 3D printing technique that combines the strengths of VPP and DIW processes to achieve multimaterial and high‐resolution printing of functional structures and devices, is presented. The method involves dispensing liquid‐like materials via syringes into a photocurable matrix material and subsequently using a Galvano mirror‐controlled laser beam to selectively photocure the dispensed material trace or the matrix material surrounding the trace. The laser beam scanning and syringe dispensing are synchronized with a set delay to control liquid diffusion and in situ fixture. The versatility of the method is demonstrated by fabricating intricate 3D ant and wheel prototypes using various materials available for VPP and DIW technologies. The proposed photocuring‐while‐dispensing strategy offers advantages over conventional multimaterial 3D printing methods, such as integrating materials regardless of photocurability and viscosity, and fabricating heterogeneous structures with complex geometries and high resolution. With its principle demonstrated, this multimaterial 3D printing process will open up a wide range of potential applications with diverse functionalities and materials.
1T‐2H Mixed‐Phase MoS2 Stabilized with a Hyperbranched Polyethylene Ionomer for Mg2+/Li+ Co‐Intercalation Toward High‐Capacity Dual‐Salt Batteries
Authors: Rahmatinejad Jalal , Raisi Bahareh , Liu Xudong , Zhang Ximeng , Sadeghi Chevinli Ahmad , Yang Liuqing , Ye Zhibin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDual‐salt magnesium/lithium‐ion batteries (MLIBs) benefit from fast lithium ion diffusion on the cathode side while providing safety due to the dendrite‐free Mg2+ stripping/plating mechanism on the anode side. Bulk MoS2 (B‐MoS2), as a cathode for magnesium‐ion batteries (MIBs), suffers from low conductivity and relatively van der Waals gaps and, consequently, resists against divalent Mg2+ insertion due to the high Coulombic interactions. In MLIBs, it exhibits a Daniell‐cell type mechanism with the sole accommodation of Li+. In this paper, the synthesis of a 1T/2H mixed‐phase MoS2(MP‐MoS2) modified with a hyperbranched polyethylene ionomer, I@MP‐MoS2, for high‐capacity MLIBs with a distinct Mg2+/Li+ co‐intercalation mechanism is reported. Benefiting from the enhanced conductivity (due to 53% metallic 1T phase), expanded van der Waals gaps (79% expansion compared to B‐MoS2, 1.11 vs 0.62 nm), and enhanced interactions with THF‐based electrolytes following the modification, I@MP‐MoS2 shows a dramatically increased Mg2+ storage compared to its parent analogue (144 mAh g−1 vs ≈2 mAh g−1 at 20 mA g−1). In MLIBs, I@MP‐MoS2 is demonstrated to exhibit remarkable specific capacities up to ≈270 mAh g−1 at 20 mA g−1 through a Mg2+/Li+ co‐intercalation mechanism with 87% of capacity retention over 200 cycles at 100 mA g−1.
Synergy Between Surface Confinement and Heterointerfacial Regulations with Fast Electron/Ion Migration in InSe‐PPy for Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Chen Penglei , Pei Xiangdong , Liu Ruyi , Wang Jinbao , Lu Yuemeng , Gu Huaiqiang , Tan Lei , Du Xin , Li Dan , Wang Luxiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLayered indium selenide (InSe) is a new 2D semiconductor material with high carrier mobility, widely adjustable bandgap, and high ductility. However, its ion storage behavior and related electrochemical reaction mechanism are rarely reported. In this study, InSe nanoflakes encapsulated in conductive polypyrrole (InSe@PPy) are designed in consideration of restraining the severe volume change in the electrochemical reaction and increasing conductivity via in situ chemical oxidation polymerization. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the construction of heterostructure can generate an internal electric field to accelerate electron transfer via additional driving forces, offering synergistically enhanced structural stability, electrical conductivity, and Na+ diffusion process. The resulting InSe@PPy composite shows outstanding electrochemical performance in the sodium ion batteries system, achieving a high reversible capacity of 336.4 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1 and a long‐term cyclic stability with capacity of 274.4 mA h g−1 after 2800 cycles at 5 A g−1. In particular, the investigation of capacity fluctuation within the first cycling reveals the alternating significance of intercalation and conversion reactions and evanescent alloying reaction. The combined reaction mechanism of insertion, conversion, and alloying of InSe@PPy is revealed by in situ X‐ray diffraction, ex situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.
The relationships between elementary students' knowledge‐in‐use performance and their science achievement
Authors: Li Tingting , Chen I‐Chien , Adah Miller Emily , Miller Cory Susanne , Schneider Barbara , Krajcik Joseph 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis longitudinal study examines the relationship between students' knowledge‐in‐use performance and their performance on third‐party designed summative tests within a coherent and equitable learning environment. Focusing on third‐grade students across three consecutive project‐based learning (PBL) units aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), the study includes 1067 participants from 23 schools in a Great Lakes state. Two‐level hierarchical linear modeling estimates the effects of post‐unit assessments on end‐of‐year summative tests. Results indicate that post‐unit assessment performances predict NGSS‐aligned summative test performance. Students experiencing more PBL units demonstrate greater gains on the summative test, with predictions not favoring students from diverse backgrounds. This study underscores the importance of coherence, equity, and the PBL approach in promoting knowledge‐in‐use and science achievement. A systematically coherent PBL environment across multiple units facilitates the development of students' knowledge‐in‐use, highlighting the significance of designing science and engineering practices (SEPs) and crosscutting concepts coherently and progressively, with intentional revisitation of disciplinary core ideas (DCIs). The study also investigates how the PBL approach fosters equitable learning environments for diverse demographic groups, offering equitable opportunities through equity‐oriented design. Contributions include a coherent assessment system that tracks and supports learning aligned with NGSS, emphasizing the predictive power of post‐unit assessments, continuous monitoring and tracking. The implications of context similarity and optimal performance expectations within units are discussed. Findings inform educators, administrators, and policymakers about the benefits of NGSS‐aligned PBL systems and the need for coherent and equitable learning and assessment systems supporting knowledge‐in‐use development and equitable opportunities for all learners.
Moxibustion's protective role against atherosclerosis: Inhibition of Ca2+ overload‐triggered oxidative stress and inflammatory response via P2Y12/PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Yang Jia , Liu Shouyao , Hu Shiwan , Dai Hanxi , Cai Kun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the protective mechanism of moxibustion in combating atherosclerosis (AS).MethodsApolipoprotein E (ApoE)‐deficient mice, aged 8 weeks, were randomly assigned into four groups: the model group (n = 6), SC79 group (n = 6), moxibustion group (n = 6), and moxibustion+SC79 group (n = 6). All mice were fed with a high‐fat diet (HFD). Concurrently, 8‐week‐old C57BL/6 mice of the same genetic background were utilized as the control group (n = 6) and were given a regular diet. Macrophages were isolated via flow cytometry. The intracellular Ca2+ expression in macrophages was evaluated, and aortic plaques were quantitatively assessed through en face oil red O and Masson staining. The presence of macrophages and smooth muscle cells in AS plaques was determined by MAC‐3 and α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) immunohistochemistry. The relative fluorescence intensity of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) in macrophages was identified by immunofluorescence staining. The expressions of proteins related to the P2Y12/phosphatidylinositol 3‐hydroxy kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway were examined by Western blotting.ResultsMoxibustion reduced free Ca2+ expression in macrophage cytoplasm, inhibiting Ca2+ influx and oxidative stress. Significant reductions in atherosclerotic plaque formation and inflammation markers, including TNF‐α and IL‐1β, were noted in the moxibustion group. Moxibustion modulated the P2Y12/PI3K/AKT pathway, impacting various inflammatory and oxidative stress‐related proteins. Introduction of the AKT activator SC79 counteracted moxibustion's benefits, highlighting the P2Y12/PI3K/AKT pathway's central role.ConclusionMoxibustion, through the P2Y12/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, can inhibit Ca2+ overload‐induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response, decrease macrophage infiltration, and increase the content of smooth muscle cells and collagen, thereby exerting a protective effect against AS.
SLC9A2, suppressing by the transcription suppressor ETS1, restrains growth and invasion of osteosarcoma via inhibition of aerobic glycolysis
Authors: Han Jiangbo , Li Shen , Cao Jiongzhe , Han Hong , Lu Bin , Wen Tao , Bian Weiguo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecent studies have shown that Solute Carrier Family 9 Member A2 (SLC9A2) could serve as a biomarker for cancer. However, its mechanism of action in osteosarcoma (OS) was still unclear. In this study, the data sets GSE154530 and GSE99671 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and 31 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to methylation were screened by bioinformatics analysis tools. Subsequently, SLC9A2 was screened as a candidate gene from DEGs, which was significantly downregulated in OS. CCK‐8, transwell, western blotting and Seahorse XFe24 Cell Metabolic Analyzer assays demonstrated that overexpression of SLC9A2 could constrain OS cell proliferation, invasion, and aerobic glycolysis. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays indicated ETS proto‐oncogene 1 (ETS1) was a transcription suppressor of SLC9A2, and overexpression of ETS1 could promote methylation levels in specific regions of the SLC9A2 promoter. ETS1 could promote the proliferation, invasion, and aerobic glycolysis ability of OS cells, as well as tumor growth in vivo by inhibiting the expression of SLC9A2. In addition, SLC9A2, suppressing by ETS1, restrains growth and invasion of OS via inhibition of aerobic glycolysis. Thus, SLC9A2 can function as a key inhibitory factor in the aerobic glycolysis to inhibit proliferation and invasion of OS. This indicated that SLC9A2 has a potential targeted therapeutic effect on OS.
A pilot genome‐wide association study meta‐analysis of gastroparesis
Authors: Tavares Leticia Camargo , Zheng Tenghao , Kwicklis Madeline , Mitchell Emily , Pandit Anita , Pullapantula Suraj , Bernard Cheryl , Teder‐Laving Maris , Marques Francine Z. , Esko Tonu , Kuo Braden , Shulman Robert J. , Chumpitazi Bruno P. , Koch Kenneth L. , Sarosiek Irene , Abell Thomas L. , McCallum Richard W. , Parkman Henry P. , Pasricha Pankaj J. , Hamilton Frank A. , Tonascia James , Zawistowski Matthew , Farrugia Gianrico , Grover Madhusudan , D’Amato Mauro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundGastroparesis (GP) is characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction.ObjectiveGenetic predisposition may play a role; however, investigation at the genome‐wide level has not been performed.MethodsWe carried out a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) meta‐analysis on (i) 478 GP patients from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Gastroparesis Clinical Research Consortium (GpCRC) compared to 9931 population‐based controls from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study; and (ii) 402 GP cases compared to 48,340 non‐gastroparesis controls from the Michigan Genomics Initiative. Associations for 5,811,784 high‐quality SNPs were tested on a total of 880 GP patients and 58,271 controls, using logistic mixed models adjusted for age, sex, and principal components. Gene mapping was obtained based on genomic position and expression quantitative trait loci, and a gene‐set network enrichment analysis was performed. Genetic associations with clinical data were tested in GpCRC patients. Protein expression of selected candidate genes was determined in full thickness gastric biopsies from GpCRC patients and controls.ResultsWhile no SNP associations were detected at strict significance (p ≤ 5 × 10−8), nine independent genomic loci were associated at suggestive significance (p ≤ 1 × 10−5), with the strongest signal (rs9273363, odds ratio = 1.4, p = 1 × 10−7) mapped to the human leukocyte antigen region. Computational annotation of suggestive risk loci identified 14 protein‐coding candidate genes. Gene‐set network enrichment analysis revealed pathways potentially involved in immune and motor dysregulation (pFDR ≤ 0.05). The GP risk allele rs6984536A (Peroxidasin‐Like; PXDNL) was associated with increased abdominal pain severity scores (Beta = 0.13, p = 0.03). Gastric muscularis expression of PXDNL also positively correlated with abdominal pain in GP patients (r = 0.8, p = 0.02). Dickkopf WNT Signaling Pathway Inhibitor 1 showed decreased expression in diabetic GP patients (p = 0.005 vs. controls).ConclusionWe report preliminary GWAS findings for GP, which highlight candidate genes and pathways related to immune and sensory‐motor dysregulation. Larger studies are needed to validate and expand these findings in independent datasets.
Sociopathic narcissistic leadership: How about their victims?
Authors: Khorram‐Manesh Amir , Burkle Frederick M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is evidence globally that the number of sociopathic, narcissistic, and so‐called antisocial personality disorders is far more prevalent than expected. Most individuals with such a disorder cause limited harm to society. However, politicians may, through an exaggerated sense of entitlement, grandiosity, sensitivity to criticism, and the hunger for acclaim, cause conflicts that have historically reached the level of wars, political unrest, or severe social suffering. This is often evident only after attaining a high office and is especially witnessed in international and national politicians. Thus, this review aims to clarify the social, political, and health‐care security implications of sociopathic narcissistic leadership and to recommend potential societal options to avoid the untoward leadership consequences that too often occur.
Hecke relations among 2d fermionic RCFTs
Authors: Lee Kimyeong , Sun Kaiwen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Recently, Harvey and Wu proposed a suitable Hecke operator for vector-valued SL(2, ℤ) modular forms to connect the characters of different 2d rational conformal field theories (RCFTs). We generalize such an operator to the 2d fermionic RCFTs and call it fermionic Hecke operator. The new Hecke operator naturally maps the Neveu-Schwarz (NS) characters of a fermionic theory to the NS characters of another fermionic theory. Mathematically, it is the natural Hecke operator on vector-valued Γθ modular forms of weight zero. We find it can also be extended to $$ \overset{\sim }{\textrm{NS}} $$

NS
~

and Ramond (R) sectors by combining the characters of the two sectors together. We systematically study the fermionic Hecke relations among 2d fermionic RCFTs with up to five NS characters and find that almost all known supersymmetric RCFTs can be realized as fermionic Hecke images of some simple theories such as supersymmetric minimal models. We also study the coset relations between fermionic Hecke images with respect to c = 12k holomorphic SCFTs.
Collisions of weakly-bound kinks in the Christ-Lee model
Authors: Dorey Patrick , Gorina Anastasia , Romańczukiewicz Tomasz , Shnir Yakov 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We investigate soliton collisions in a one-parameter family of scalar field theories in 1+1 dimensions which was first discussed by Christ and Lee [1]. The models have a sextic potential with three local minima, and for suitably small values of the parameter their kinks have an internal structure in the form of two weakly-bound subkinks. We show that for these values of the parameter kink collisions are best understood as an independent sequence of collisions of these subkinks, and that a static mode analysis is not enough to explain resonant structures emerging in this model. We also emphasise the role of radiation and oscillon formation in the collision process.
Form factors and correlation functions of $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$-deformed integrable quantum field theories
Authors: Castro-Alvaredo Olalla A. , Negro Stefano , Sailis Fabio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The study of $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$
T

T
¯

-perturbed quantum field theories is an active area of research with deep connections to fundamental aspects of the scattering theory of integrable quantum field theories, generalised Gibbs ensembles, and string theory. Many features of these theories, such as the peculiar behaviour of their ground state energy and the form of their scattering matrices, have been studied in the literature. However, so far, very few studies have approached these theories from the viewpoint of the form factor program. From the perspective of scattering theory, the effects of a $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$
T

T
¯

perturbation (and higher spin versions thereof) is encoded in a universal deformation of the two-body scattering matrix by a CDD factor. It is then natural to ask how these perturbations influence the form factor equations and, more generally, the form factor program. In this paper, we address this question for free theories, although some of our results extend more generally. We show that the form factor equations admit general solutions and how these can help us study the distinct behaviour of correlation functions at short distances in theories perturbed by irrelevant operators.
Tensionless tales of compactification
Authors: Banerjee Aritra , Chatterjee Ritankar , Pandit Priyadarshini 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We study circle compactifications of tensionless bosonic string theory, both at the classical and the quantum level. The physical state condition for different representations of BMS3, the worldsheet residual gauge symmetry for tensionless strings, admits three inequivalent quantum vacua. We obtain the compactified mass spectrum in each of these vacua using canonical quantization and explicate their properties.