bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balancing co-benefits and trade-offs between climate change mitigation and adaptation innovations under mixed crop-livestock systems in semi-arid Zimbabwe
Authors: Homann-Kee Tui Sabine , Valdivia Roberto O. , Descheemaeker Katrien , Sisito Gevious , Moyo Elisha N. , Mapanda Farai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAchieving Zimbabwe’s national and international commitments to food systems transformation and climate resilience building is of high priority. Integrated simulation-based research approaches developed under the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP) are important sources of evidence to guide policy decisions towards sustainable intensification. Through the identification of economically viable, socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable development pathways, the analysis in this study evaluates co-benefits and trade-offs between climate change adaptation and mitigation interventions for vulnerable smallholder crop-livestock holdings in the semi-arid regions of Zimbabwe. We explore how climate effects disrupt the livelihoods and food security for diverse farm types, the extremely vulnerable and those better resource endowed but facing high risks. In an iterative process with experts and stakeholders, we co-developed context specific development pathways. They include market-oriented adaptation and mitigation interventions and social protection mechanisms that would support the transition towards more sustainable intensified, diversified and better integrated crop-livestock systems. We assess the trade-offs associated with adoption of climate-smart interventions aimed at improving incomes and food security but that may have consequences on GHG emissions for the different pathways and farm types. The approach and results inform the discussion on drivers that can bring about sustainable intensification, and the extent to which socio-economic benefits could enhance the uptake of emission reducing technologies thereof. Through this strategy we evaluate interventions that can result in win–win outcomes, that is, adaptation-mitigation co-benefits, and what this would imply for policies that aim at transforming agri-food systems.
Clinical Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Local Methylprednisolone Injection in Lateral Epicondylitis
Authors: Shaikh Saeed Ahmed , Tahir Muhammad , Ahmed Nadeem 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To compare the results of local administration of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with methylprednisolone in the treatment of tennis elbow.
Methods: This retrospective cohort was conducted at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC) during January 2017 to April 2018. Patients conservatively managed for lateral epicondylitis with local methylprednisolone injection or PRP injection were approached for possible inclusion in the study at 12 months of treatment. The primary outcome of the study was to determine the Numerical Pain Rating Score (NPRS) on resisted wrist extension. Whereas, the secondary outcomes were quick disability arm, shoulder, and hand score (qDASH), the grip strength and VAS for satisfaction. The baseline, six weeks and three month data on Grip strength, NPRS, and qDASH were extracted from the patients’ medical records maintained at the hospital. The data were analyzed by using SPSS software.
Results: A total of 91 patients were approached, of them 81 (89.01%) agreed to participate. There were 46 (56.79%) who received local methylprednisolone injection and 35 (43.20%) received PRP. At 12 months follow up, there was no difference in NPRS pain scores between the two groups (p=0.691); pain decreased in both groups at six weeks and at 12 months. There was no significant difference in the functional outcome (qDASH score) in both groups. Both groups were equally satisfied with the treatment they had received.
Conclusion: The study concluded that there is no difference between outcome and efficacy of both treatment modalities used for the treatment of tennis elbow in alleviating pain at 12 months.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6521
How to cite this: Shaikh SA, Tahir M, Ahmed N. Clinical Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Local Methylprednisolone Injection in Lateral Epicondylitis. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6521
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Clinical efficacy of Thalidomide combined with PAD Regimen in patients with multiple Myeloma
Authors: Wang Yu , Man Qi-hang , Li Chao 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of thalidomide combined with PAD regimen in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).
Methods: It was a Clinical comparative study. A total of 120 patients with MM were admitted at Beijing Aerospace General Hospital from September 2020 to June 2022 randomly divided into two groups, with 60 patients in each group. The study group was treated with thalidomide combined with a PAD regimen (bortezomib, doxorubicin and dexamethasone), while the control group with a PAD regimen alone. After treatment, the therapeutic effect, adverse drug reactions, bone metabolic markers such as serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) before and after treatment, as well as T-lymphocyte subsets CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ levels before and after treatment were compared and analyzed between the two groups.
Results: The total efficacy in the study group was 90%, which was significantly higher than 70% in the control group (p= 0.00). The incidence of adverse drug reactions was 40% in the study group and 38% in the control group, without statistically significant difference (p= 0.85). After treatment, ALP and OCN levels in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (ALP, p= 0.01; OCN, p= 0.00), and CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the study group also increased significantly compared with those in the control group (CD3+, p= 0.02; CD4+, p= 0.00; CD4+/CD8+, p= 0.00).
Conclusion: Thalidomide combined with a PAD regimen is definitely effective in patients with MM, it can obviously improve immune function and bone salt metabolism, with no increase in adverse reactions but high safety and effectiveness.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6815
How to cite this: Wang Y, Man Q, Li C. Clinical efficacy of Thalidomide combined with PAD Regimen in patients with multiple Myeloma. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6815
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Yield & accuracy of Gastric Lavage in non-expectorating adults with Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Ghafoor Lubna , Zuberi Faisal Faiyaz , Khan Ghulam Muqtada , Ismail Maria 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To determine the yield of Gastric lavage (GL) in non-expectorating adults with suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) and accuracy of GL-AFB smear with GL-GeneXpert (GXP) by taking AFB culture as gold standard.
Methods: Cross-sectional study on suspected PTB patients was done at Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases during period 16th July 2020 till 15th January 2021. Adult patients of either gender suspected to have PTB and not expectorating were included. GL was performed and sent for AFB smear, GXP and AFB culture. Odds ratio, sensitivity and specificity were calculated.
Results: After informed written consent, 206 patients, mean age was 38.17 ±17.30 years were inducted, including 89 (43.2%) males and 117 (56.8%) females. Gene Xpert, AFB smear & AFB culture were positive in 83(40%), 50 (24%) & 72 (35%) respectively in GL samples. Odds of PTB were 3.95 times higher among patients with ≤1 month of duration of symptoms (aOR 3.95, 95% CI 1.82-8.57, p-value 0.001), 6.24 times higher among patients with weight loss (aOR 6.24, 95% CI 3.03-12.84, p-value <0.001), and 4.22 times higher among patients with cavitation (aOR 4.22, 95% CI 1.99-8.93, p-value <0.001). GL-AFB smear showed sensitivity 63.89%, specificity 97.01%, positive predicted value 92%, negative predicted value 83.3%, and overall diagnostic accuracy 85.4%. Whereas GL-GXP showed sensitivity 94.4%, specificity 88.81%, positive predicted value 81.93%, negative predicted value 96.75%, and overall diagnostic accuracy 90.78%.
Conclusion: Yield of GL significant to detect PTB in suspected cases who are not expectorating. GL-GXP diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity is higher than GL-AFB smear.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6972
How to cite this: Ghafoor L, Zuberi FF, Khan GM, Ismail M. Yield & accuracy of Gastric Lavage in non-expectorating adults with Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.6972
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A comparative study between Dydrogesterone alone and combined with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in the treatment of Mild Endometriosis
Authors: Xue Hui-ling , Hao Wan-jiao , Wang Bing 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of dydrogesterone combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) in the treatment of patients with mild endometriosis.
Methods: This was a clinical comparative study. Eighty patients with mild endometriosis were recruited at Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, randomly divided experimental group (n=40) and control group (n=40) from March 2022 to March 2023. Both groups started treatment with dydrogesterone on the 5th day of menstruation. Patients in the control group were treated with dydrogesterone monotherapy, while those in the experimental group were treated with mefenamic acid the basis of the therapy of the control group. The clinical efficacy, differences in the levels of humoral immune indexes, the levels of inflammatory factor and the incidence of adverse drug reactions of the two groups was compared and analyzed.
Results: The efficacy of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group, with a statistically significant difference(P=0.02). The levels of C3 and C4 in the experimental group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group, with a statistically significant difference(P=0.00). After treatment, TNF-a, CRP, IL-6 and other indexes in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences(P=0.00). The incidence of adverse reactions after treatment had no statistically significant difference(P=0.45).
Conclusion: Dydrogesterone combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is a safe and effective treatment for patients with endometriosis. It can improve various obvious curative effects, such as marked relief of pain symptoms, reduction of complement and inflammatory factor levels without a significant increase in adverse reactions.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7138
How to cite this: Xue H, Hao W, Wang B. A comparative study between Dydrogesterone alone and combined with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in the treatment of Mild Endometriosis. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7138
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Clinical Effects of HBV Infection on Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Duan Lin , Yang Chao , Cai Tingting , Li Wei 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of HBV infection on patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Methods: This is a prospective study. Thirty patients with RA and 30 patients with SLE admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from January 2020 to December 2021 with co-infection of HBV were randomly selected and divided into two groups. Both groups were given anti-HBV treatment. An additional 60 patients with a healthy physical examination during the same period were also selected as a control group. The disease activity, immune function and serum inflammatory factor levels were compared between the RA group and the SLE group before and after treatment.
Results: After anti-HBV treatment, DAS scores in the RA group and SLEDAI scores in the SLE group were significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05). The levels of IgG, IgA, IgM and CD8+ in the RA group and the SLE group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment. The levels of CCP, RF, ESR and CRP in the RA group before and after treatment were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The levels of ESR and CRP in the SLE group before and after treatment were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).
Conclusion: Patients in the RA and SLE groups after HBV infection have an increased degree of inflammatory response in their organism, an altered normal state of immunoglobulin and T-lymphocyte subsets, and a loss of organism immune function, leading to an increase in disease activity.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7232
How to cite this: Duan L, Yang C, Cai T, Li W. Clinical Effects of HBV Infection on Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7232
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Cholera outbreak in 2022 among children in Karachi: Study of cases attending to a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Junejo Samina , Shahid Saba , Khursheed Nazia , Maqsood Sidra , Adnan Fareeha , Khalid Fatimah , Zahid Qurat-ul-Ain 
Published: July 2023

Objective & Background: Repeated outbreaks of cholera have occurred in Karachi. Changing patterns in seasonality, serotypes and antibiotic resistance have been observed in these outbreaks. Recently, in the year 2022, a surge of cholera cases has been reported from Karachi during the months of April-June. This study aimed to identify clinical features, antibiotic susceptibility, complications, and response to treatment of V. cholerae infection among children attending Indus hospital, Karachi.
Methods: A retrospective chart review of pediatric patients was conducted for children aged 0-16 years. All children treated for culture-proven cholera infection at Indus Hospital from March to June 2022 were included. Details of clinical features, complications, antibiotic susceptibility, and response to treatment were retrieved from the health management information system (HMIS) of the hospital.
Results: Twenty children were included. The median age was 01 (0.50-3.75) years. There were 9 (45%) males and 11 (55%) females. All the culture isolates belonged to serogroup O1 Ogawa of the Vibrio cholerae. Vomiting and diarrhea were the most common symptoms. Dehydration, acute kidney injury, and shock were seen in 19 (95%), 6 (30%), and 2 (10%) children respectively. Eleven children were admitted with an average hospital stay of 5 (Median-IQR 3-6) days. The isolates were completely susceptible to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin. Different antibiotics were given which included cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, doxycycline, and ciprofloxacin. All children responded completely to the antibiotics.
Conclusion: In present study all V. cholerae isolates belonged to the O1 Ogawa serotype that showed complete susceptibility to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal impairment were the most common complications observed. Drinking unboiled water was identified as a potential source of cholera in most children. Therefore, advocacy of hygienic practices and disinfection of water supplies is recommended to prevent future cholera outbreaks
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7395
How to cite this: Junejo S, Shahid S, Khursheed N, Maqsood S, Adnan F, Khalid F, et al. Cholera outbreak in 2022 among children in Karachi: Study of cases attending to a Tertiary Care Hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7395
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Arquivística Musical Histórica aplicada a Arquivos de Bandas de Música
Authors: Coelho Ana Raquel 
Published: July 2023

O artigo Arquivística Musical Histórica aplicada a Arquivos de Bandas de Música: um olhar sobre o estado da questão pretende compreender o momento atual da Arquivística Musical Histórica quanto a normas, terminologia e metodologias associadas, quanto ao tratamento arquivístico dado aos Arquivos de Bandas de Música e quanto à importância dos Arquivos nos estudos sobre Bandas de Música militares e civis.
Este artigo assume como assunto central Arquivística Musical Histórica como disciplina em construção que alia um olhar normativo, conceptual e teórico que importa da Arquivística Musical e um olhar problematizante e contextual que importa da Arquivística Histórica. A Arquivística Musical Histórica é assim observada quanto aos seus conceitos, teorias e metodologias, como potencial contributo para o estudo das Bandas de música. Para o efeito procedeu-se a um levantamento do Estado da Arte relativo a autores, conceitos, metodologias e normas para a Arquivística Musical, bem como o levantamento de análise de uma série de Arquivos de Bandas de Música, nacionais e internacionais, tratados arquivisticamente e/ou divulgados online.
Assim, foi possível compreender como, de uma maneira geral, ainda não existe um quadro normativo amplamente aplicado a Arquivos Musicais, como os de Bandas de Música e que o seu tratamento Arquivístico não corresponde a uma tendência, num entanto quando acontece, surge acompanhado da consciência de que tratar e divulgar o Arquivo de uma Banda de Música contribui para a preservação e conhecimento da História do agrupamento em causa.
Hemorrhage From Left Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm as a Complication of Acute Pancreatitis in a Patient With Fibromuscular Dysplasia
Authors: Wang Dennis , Yip Gordon , Szalay David Anthony , Moayyedi Paul 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms are a rare complication of pancreatitis, and their rupture and bleeding cause high mortality. We present the case of a 76-year-old woman with fibromuscular dysplasia who developed a new left hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm within a week of her first episode of acute pancreatitis and later suffered an acute pseudoaneurysm bleed successfully treated with transcatheter coil embolization. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported of a patient with fibromuscular dysplasia with pancreatitis-related pseudoaneurysm formation. One must consider pseudoaneurysms and associated bleeding as complications of acute pancreatitis because prompt recognition can lead to timely management.
Pemberian Remisi Terpidana Korupsi: Perlindungan Asasi atau Diskriminasi
Authors: Husna Revando Syahaqul 
Published: July 2023

This research puts the issue of granting remissions to corruption convicts which began with the stipulation of PP No. 99 of 2012 concerning Terms and Procedures for the Implementation of the Rights of the Fostered Citizens, it is necessary to have the conditions met first so that in the end the remission can be granted. In fact, the problem of abolishing remissions is not a form of discrimination against the rights of convicts, especially those convicted of corruption, but rather a form of restriction for convicts of corruption so that they do not arbitrarily use their remission rights. The results obtained in this study are the enactment of restrictions on the rights of corruption convicts through strict remission requirements. Through a normative approach, the author explores information through statutory regulations and the regulations under them, namely through Law no. 22 of 2022 and PP No. 99 of 2012.Penelitian ini meletakkan isu pemberian remisi kepada terpidana korupsi yang bermula pada penetapan PP No. 99 Tahun 2012 Tentang Syarat dan Tata Cara Pelaksanaan Hak Warga Binaan maka perlu adanya syarat yang dipenuhi terlebih dahulu sehingga pada akhirnya remisi tersebut dapat diberikan. Sejatinya problematika penghapusan remisi ini bukanlah sebagai bentuk diskriminasi terhadap hak narapidana khususnya terpidana korupsi, melainkan bentuk pembatasan bagi terpidana korupsi agar tidak semena-mena menggunakan hak remisi tersebut. Adapun hasil yang didapat pada penelitian kali ini adalah berlakunya pembatasan hak terpidana korupsi melalui syarat ketat keberlakuan remisi. Melalui pendekatan normatif, penulis menggali informasi melalui peraturan perundang-undangan beserta peraturan di bawahnya yakni melalui UU No. 22 Tahun 2022 dan PP No. 99 Tahun 2012.
City-Marketing und City-Management – Instrumente zur Abstimmung von Stadt- und Einzelhandelsentwicklung und zur Sicherung einer mittelständisch geprägten Einzelhandelsstruktur in den neuen Bundesländern?
Authors: Holl Stefan 
Published: July 2023

Als neues Instrument oder Verfahren zieht seit Ende der 80er Jahre City-Marketing ein gut Teil des Interesses der Fachöffentlichkeit (1) auf sich. City-Marketing betont die Verbindung zwischen Stadt- und Wirtschaftsentwicklung und steht für eine stärkere Ausrichtung der Stadtentwicklung an Marktmechanismen.Kritiker der Leistungsfähigkeit der Städte bei der Lösung innerstädtischer Probleme gehen weiter: Sie fordern eine Organisation, die mit einer aus der Wirtschaft abgeleiteten Effizienz die Cityprobleme bearbeitet (2), ein City-Management, welches etwa auch dem ortsansässigen mittelständischen Handel Hilfestellungen anbieten kann.Für beide Begriffe liegen noch keine allgemein akzeptierten Definitionen vor – beide Begriffe werden vielfach auch synonym verwandt (3). Da im Vordergrund des vorliegenden Beitrags die Frage steht, welchen Beitrag City-Marketing zur Stärkung des mittelständischen Einzelhandels in den neuen Bundesländern leisten kann, wird im ersten Abschnitt einleitend das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Einzelhandel und Städtebau unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der speziellen Problemstellungen in den neuen Bundesländern skizziert.Der zweite Abschnitt fragt zunächst nach den Gründen für den Erfolg der Konzepte City-Marketing und City-Management voneinander, bevor dann die Erfahrungen mit ihnen in den alten Bundesländern aufgezeigt werden.Im dritten Abschnitt werden die besonderen Probleme des mittelständischen Einzelhandels in den neuen Bundesländern vertieft, bevor im abschließenden Kapitel der Frage nachgegangen werden soll, ob City-Marketing und CityManagement im Spannungsfeld zwischen Einzelhandel und Städtebau taugliche Konzepte zum Aufbau einer mittelständisch geprägten Einzelhandelsstruktur darstellen.