bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying physical and psychological risk factors for musculoskeletal pain in student musicians to tailor the curriculum: a cross-sectional study protocol
Authors: James Clara E , Schmid Audrey , Nguyen-Danse Dung Anh , Bruyneel Anne-Violette 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionInsufficient identification and understanding of risk factors make musicians engaging in professional practice particularly vulnerable to musculoskeletal pain. To support positive music learning and good mental, physical, and social health, student musicians need health support tailored to their needs and their instrumental practice. However, these preventive actions must be based on sound scientific approaches that reliably identify the most relevant risk factors. MuSa is a cross-sectional study examining contextual and internal risk variables associated with playing-related musculoskeletal disorders in student musicians.Method and analysisThe design is a monocentric cross-sectional study involving student musicians in Bachelor’s 1, 2, 3 and Master’s 1, 2. Free-form questions will identify students’ lifestyle characteristics and work habits, and validated questionnaires will evaluate the interaction between pain due to music practice and psychological and physical risk factors. All data will first be analysed descriptively. Psychological network analysis will be used to explore the overall correlational structure of the dataset. A subgroup comparative analysis will be then applied according to the instrumental subcategories and work postures, including singers.Ethics and disseminationThe full protocol was approved by the Swiss Ethics Committee ‘Commission Cantonale d’Ethique de la Recherche sur l’être humain de Genève’ (CCER, no. 2022-02206) on 13 February 2023. Outcomes will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at conferences.
Host-microbiota relationship in the pathophysiology of aseptic abscess syndrome: protocol for a multicentre case-control study (ABSCESSBIOT)
Authors: Trefond Ludovic , Billard Elisabeth , Pereira Bruno , Richard Damien , Vazeille Emilie , Bonnet Richard , Barnich Nicolas , Andre Marc 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAseptic abscess (AA) syndrome is a rare disease whose pathophysiology is unknown. It is often associated with inflammatory bowel disease and characterised by sterile inflammation with collections of neutrophils affecting several organs, especially the spleen. Microbiota are known to influence local and systemic immune responses, and both gut and oral microbiota perturbations have been reported in diseases associated with AA syndrome. However, interactions between these factors have never been studied in AA syndrome. The purpose of this translational case-control study (ABSCESSBIOT) is to investigate gut and/or oral microbiota in patients with AA syndrome compared with healthy controls. Moreover, microbiota associated metabolites quantification and Treg/Th17 balance characterisation will give a mechanistic insight on how microbiota may be involved in the pathophysiology of AA syndrome.Methods and analysisThis French multicentre case-control study including 30 French centres (University hospital or regional hospital) aims to prospectively enrol 30 patients with AA syndrome with 30 matched controls and to analyse microbiota profiling (in stools and saliva), microbial metabolites quantification in stools and circulating CD4+T cell populations.Ethics and disseminationThis study protocol was reviewed and approved by an independent French regional review board (n° 2017-A03499-44, Comité de Protection des Personnes Ile de France 1) on 10 October 2022, and declared to the competent French authority (Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des produits de santé, France). Oral and written informed consent will be obtained from each included patient and the control participant. Study results will be reported to the scientific community at conferences and in peer-reviewed scientific journals.Trial registration numberClinical Trials web-based platform (NCT05537909).
How do emergency department staff respond to behaviour that challenges displayed by people living with dementia? A mixed-methods study
Authors: Goodwin Laura , Liddiard Cathy , Manning Sera , Benger Jonathan Richard , Carlton Edward , Cheston Richard , Hoskins Rebecca , Taylor Hazel , Voss Sarah 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate staff experiences of, and approaches to behaviour that challenges displayed by patients with dementia in the emergency department (ED). Behaviour that challenges is defined as ‘actions that detract from the well-being of individuals due to the physical or psychological distress they cause within the settings they are performed’, and can take many forms including aggressive physical actions, shouting and verbal aggression and non-aggressive behaviour including repetitive questioning, inappropriate exposure and resistance to care.DesignMixed-methods study consisting of an online survey and semistructured telephone interviews. Quantitative data were analysed and presented using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analysed thematically.SettingThe EDs of three National Health Service (NHS) Hospital Trusts in Southwest England.ParticipantsMultidisciplinary NHS staff working in the ED.ResultsFifty-two online survey responses and 13 telephone interviews were analysed. Most (24/36, 67%) survey respondents reported that they had received general training in relation to dementia in the last 2–5 years, however, less than a fifth (4/23, 17%) had received any ED-specific dementia training. All (48/48) felt that behaviour that challenges could potentially be prevented, though resource constraints and practice variation were identified. Four main themes emerged from the qualitative data: (1) the ‘perfect storm’ of the ED; (2) behaviour that challenges is preventable with the right resources; (3) improvisation and (4) requirement for approaches that are specific to the ED.ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest that ED staff do not feel that they are prepared to respond effectively to behaviour that challenges displayed by people living with dementia. Future work could adapt or develop an intervention to support ED staff in responding to behaviour that challenges.
CompreHensive geriAtRician-led MEdication Review (CHARMER): protocol for a feasibility study of a hospital deprescribing behaviour change intervention
Authors: Scott Sion , Atkins Bethany , Martin-Kerry Jacqueline M , Pritchard Megan , Alldred David Phillip , Clark Allan B , Colles Antony , Hammond Amber , Murphy Katherine , Keevil Victoria L , Kellar Ian , Patel Martyn , Sims Erika , Taylor Johanna , Turner David , Witham Miles , Wright David , Bhattacharya Debi 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionOver 50% of older adults are prescribed a medicine where the risk of harm outweighs the chances of benefit. During a hospital admission, older adults and carers expect medicines to be reviewed for appropriateness and any inappropriate medicines proactively deprescribed. While the principle of proactive deprescribing is an expectation of good prescribing practice, it is yet to become routine. The CompreHensive geriAtRician-led MEdication Review (CHARMER) study aims to develop and test a five-component behaviour change intervention to equip geriatricians and pharmacists to proactively deprescribe inappropriate medicines with older adults in hospital. This study aims to test the feasibility and acceptability of study processes and CHARMER implementation.Methods and analysisA two-arm purposive allocation feasibility study is being undertaken at four acute hospitals in England, UK (three intervention and one control). The target sample is 400 patients across all hospitals. Primary outcome measures are: (1) participant recruitment rate and (2) participant attrition rate. Secondary outcome measures are: (1) hospital readmission rate; (2) mortality rate and (3) quality of life. Quantitative data will be checked for completeness and quality, and practitioner and patient demographics descriptively analysed. We will undertake a rapid qualitative analysis on observations, interviews and study meeting minutes data. A subsequent thematic analysis will be undertaken with codes mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework and Normalisation Process Theory. Triangulation of qualitative and quantitative data will be undertaken.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from Wales Research Ethics Committee 1 (IRAS ID 312494) and study approval from the Health Research Authority (22/WA/0087). Informed consent will be sought from all hospital staff involved in data collection activities and for patients involved in enhanced data collection activities. The findings of this study will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.Trial registrationISRCTN11899506.
Medical assistance in dying law: a qualitative study of French cancer physicians
Authors: Chastenet Mathilde , Renard Olivier , Laurain Pierre-Antoine , Bonnot Myriam , Chvetzoff Gisèle 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesThe legal landscape surrounding end-of-life care in France is subject to frequent changes. A proposed law to legalise euthanasia in April 2021 has raised questions about the role of physicians. If enacted, oncologists would likely be among the first professionals impacted, as data from countries with legalised euthanasia reveal that patients with cancer constitute the majority of those seeking this option. Currently, little is known about the attitudes of French oncologists towards euthanasia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the position of cancer physicians on euthanasia and their experiences in dealing with patients who request it.MethodsWe conducted individual interviews with 24 cancer specialists (oncologists, radiotherapists and haematologists) at the Centre Léon Bérard in Lyon between August and October 2021. After full transcription, data were analysed thematically and for content. Data triangulation was used to establish the truthworthiness of the findings by two external researchers.ResultsMost cancer specialists in our study were opposed to legalising euthanasia, citing concerns about the societal, medical and ethical implications of the practice. They refused physician-assisted suicide based on their ethical duty to preserve life, avoid harm and uphold the Hippocratic Oath. Patient requests for euthanasia were rare. Surprisingly, over a quarter of the physicians interviewed did not rule out receiving active assistance in dying themselves in cases of unbearable or hopeless situations.ConclusionsThis study highlights the complex and diverse attitudes of cancer physicians towards euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, reflecting the challenges of integrating individual and collective perspectives on end-of-life issues.
Warming adversely affects density but not growth of balsam fir regeneration across a climatic gradient in the Acadian Forest Region of eastern Canada
Authors: Collier Joe H. , MacLean David A. , Taylor Anthony R. , D'Orangeville Loïc 
Published: August 2023

Balsam fir ( Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) is projected to decline in the Acadian Forest Region under climate change. We hypothesized that along a 700 km latitudinal gradient with increasing mean annual temperature from New Brunswick to Nova Scotia, Canada, balsam fir regeneration density and growth rates would (1) decline with warming and (2) decline more in immature than in mature stands due to greater exposure to adverse climate conditions. Regeneration density, height growth, and lateral branch growth were measured in 30 mature and 28 immature plots and related to climate and stand variables using generalized additive models. Balsam fir regeneration density was negatively affected by increased mean annual temperature and increased with summer precipitation, supporting our first hypothesis, but varied by height class. Canopy cover significantly affected seedling density, but its effect varied by substrate type (coniferous litter and dry moss litter), with seedling density being greatest under low canopy cover for large seedlings and greatest at intermediate canopy cover for small seedlings. Seedling growth rates were determined by height class, canopy cover, precipitation, and coniferous litter cover. Stand maturity did not significantly affect fir regeneration density or growth rates. Our results indicate that over time, increasing mean annual temperature may reduce balsam fir regeneration density within the Acadian Forest Region, while the marginal summer precipitation increases may lead to small gains in growth.
Global fits of simplified models for dark matter with GAMBIT
Authors: Chang Christopher , Scott Pat , Gonzalo Tomás E. , Kahlhoefer Felix , White Martin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGlobal fits explore different parameter regions of a given model and apply constraints obtained at many energy scales. This makes it challenging to perform global fits of simplified models, which may not be valid at high energies. In this study, we derive a unitarity bound for a simplified vector dark matter model with an s-channel vector mediator and apply it to global fits of this model with in order to correctly interpret missing energy searches at the LHC. Two parameter space regions emerge as consistent with all experimental constraints, corresponding to different annihilation modes of the dark matter. We show that although these models are subject to strong validity constraints, they are currently most strongly constrained by measurements less sensitive to the high-energy behaviour of the theory. Understanding when these models cannot be consistently studied will become increasingly relevant as they are applied to LHC Run 3 data.
Ecological and Evolutionary Insights About Emerging Infectious Diseases from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kilpatrick A. Marm 
Published: August 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic challenged the workings of human society, but in doing so, it advanced our understanding of the ecology and evolution of infectious diseases. Fluctuating transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) demonstrated the highly dynamic nature of human social behavior, often without government intervention. Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in the first two years following spillover resulted primarily in increased transmissibility, while in the third year, the globally dominant virus variants had all evolved substantial immune evasion. The combination of viral evolution and the buildup of host immunity through vaccination and infection greatly decreased the realized virulence of SARS-CoV-2 due to the age dependence of disease severity. The COVID-19 pandemic was exacerbated by presymptomatic, asymptomatic, and highly heterogeneous transmission, as well as highly variable disease severity and the broad host range of SARS-CoV-2. Insights and tools developed during the COVID-19 pandemic could provide a stronger scientific basis for preventing, mitigating, and controlling future pandemics.
Neoantigen Targetability in Progressive Advanced Melanoma
Authors: van den Bulk Jitske , Verdegaal Els M.E. , van der Ploeg Manon , Visser Marten , Nunes Joana B. , de Ru Arnoud H. , Tjokrodirijo Rayman T.N. , Ijsselsteijn Marieke E. , Janssen Natasja I. , van der Breggen Ruud , de Bruin Linda , de Kok Pita , Janssen George M.C. , Ruano Dina , Kapiteijn Ellen H.W. , van Veelen Peter A. , de Miranda Noel F.C.C. , van der Burg Sjoerd H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
The availability of (neo)antigens and the infiltration of tumors by (neo)antigen-specific T cells are crucial factors in cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the targetability of (neo)antigens in advanced progessive melanoma and explore the potential for continued T-cell–based immunotherapy.

Experimental Design:
We examined a cohort of eight patients with melanoma who had sequential metastases resected at early and later time points. Antigen-presenting capacity was assessed using IHC and flow cytometry. T-cell infiltration was quantified through multiplex immunofluorescence. Whole-exome and RNA sequencing were conducted to identify neoantigens and assess the expression of neoantigens and tumor-associated antigens. Mass spectrometry was used to evaluate antigen presentation. Tumor recognition by autologous T cells was assessed by coculture assays with cell lines derived from the metastatic lesions.

Results:
We observed similar T-cell infiltration in paired early and later metastatic (LM) lesions. Although elements of the antigen-presenting machinery were affected in some LM lesions, both the early and later metastasis-derived cell lines were recognized by autologous T cells. At the genomic level, the (neo)antigen landscape was dynamic, but the (neo)antigen load was stable between paired lesions.

Conclusions:
Our findings indicate that subsequently isolated tumors from patients with late-stage melanoma retain sufficient antigen-presenting capacity, T-cell infiltration, and a stable (neo)antigen load, allowing recognition of tumor cells by T cells. This indicates a continuous availability of T-cell targets in metastases occurring at different time points and supports further exploration of (neo)antigen-specific T-cell–based therapeutic approaches for advanced melanoma.
Targeting MDM2 in Soft-Tissue Sarcomas (and Other Solid Tumors): The Revival?
Authors: Italiano Antoine 
Published: August 2023

Summary:Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) inhibitors represent an opportunity to target p53 in solid tumors with wild-type TP53 and particularly in some sarcomas characterized by a consistent amplification of the MDM2 gene. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, LoRusso and colleagues and Koyama and colleagues report the results of two early-phase studies investigating two different TP53–MDM2 antagonists in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas and other solid tumors.See related article by LoRusso et al., p. 1802 (5) .See related article by Koyama et al., p. 1814 (8) .
Piece of Mind: Mobilizing Scientific and Experiential Knowledge of Dementia through the Arts
Authors: Kuhlmann Naila , Lécuyer Jennifer , Thomas Aliki , Blain-Moraes Stefanie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
While peer-reviewed articles and conferences are appropriate for disseminating research findings within academia, they are less effective for translating scientific knowledge into meaningful and practical applications. Moreover, exchanging knowledge with nonacademic stakeholders is a crucial yet often overlooked step in ensuring that research aligns with the needs and reality of knowledge users. This is particularly problematic in dementia and Alzheimer’s disease research, where social stigma and the reliance on quantitative and self-report methods hamper meaningful dialogue between academic researchers, nonacademic stakeholders, and the broader community. The authors’ project Piece of Mind uses performing arts to create common ground for knowledge exchange, facilitate empathy through creative collaboration, and improve public awareness of dementia.
Increasing Public Participation to Ensure Holistic View in Educational Policies/Action Plans
Authors: Sharma Rashi , Kumar Rajnish 
Published: August 2023

The transition from government to governance demands that numerous stakeholders participate in the policymaking and call for a strategy that could effectively help the process. Stakeholders’ engagement is extensively used in all types of public organisations, giving different stakeholders the chance to have a say in how decisions are made. The public policy process has also accepted and embraced this principle as a method, both formal and informal, for policy formation, monitoring and evaluation, owing to the interconnected interests of the two domains and the stakeholders’ expanding involvement in the process. This has enabled better alignment of public policy with the needs and aspirations of society. Stakeholders’ participation has also become an important phenomenon in recent years in India. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, the conceptualisation of Students’ and Teachers’ Holistic Advancement through Quality Education (SARTHAQ) and the National Curriculum Framework are the results of massive stakeholders’ participation and a bottom-up approach. Involving stakeholders in the formulation of educational policies increases the quality of the educational system. This kind of wide and intensive consultation process and development of policies through a bottom-up approach ensures that diverse views are taken into consideration and citizens are significant contributors in the entire process. This essentially shows that collaboration and responsibility-sharing among stakeholders are key to achieving educational goals.
Infidelity and Anger within Incarcerated Couples: A Brief Report
Authors: Tadros Eman , Pedersen Shannon 
Published: August 2023

Introduction Incarcerated couples face a variety of concerns and barriers in their relationships, with infidelity being a major problem. This study sought to research incarcerated individuals’ intimate relationships and experiences of anger and fidelity for both partners. Methods Using data from the Multi-site Family Study on Incarceration, Parenting, and Partnering we utilized Actor-Partner Interdependence Modeling (APIM) to examine fidelity and anger management for incarcerated men and their non-incarcerated female partners. Results The findings showed that the actor effect was not statistically significant, but the partner effect was statistically significant for both the incarcerated male partner and non-incarcerated female partner. There was no statistical significance for the control variable of education, which is contrary to previous correlational studies of anger management and education levels. Discussion Based on these results, it is recommended that incarcerated individuals receive anger management training to strengthen fidelity.
Emotion Regulation in Dementia Caregiving: The Role of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Attachment Orientation
Authors: Brandão Tânia , Brites Rute , Hipólito João , Nunes Odete , Tomé Pires Catarina 
Published: August 2023

Family caregivers are usually the main source of support for persons living with dementia, being exposed to a loved one’s suffering, which can lead to experiencing strong and negative emotions. This study aimed to identify factors capable of explaining individual differences in the way caregivers regulate their emotions. This cross-sectional study included 78 informal caregivers (M = 64.84 years; SD = 13.32) and 84 controls (non-caregivers) (M = 77 years; SD = 7.59). Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), attachment orientations, and emotion regulation were measured using self-report scales. Caregivers of persons living with dementia used more expressive suppression in comparison to non-caregivers. NPS and attachment avoidance were associated with expressive suppression. Moderation analyses showed that NPS only predicted expressive suppression when attachment avoidance was low or medium. The present study showed that caregivers are more likely to suppress their emotions in the presence of NPS, especially those with lower/middle levels of attachment avoidance. Psychological interventions targeting emotion regulation should be offered especially to caregivers that face NPS of persons living with dementia and present lower/middle levels of attachment avoidance.