bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a conceptual framework for a new patient-reported outcome measure for pain in women following mesh surgery for pelvic floor disorders: a qualitative study
Authors: Ralphsmith Maisie , Ahern Susannah , Dean Joanne , O’Connell Helen E. , Ruseckaite Rasa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
The Australasian Pelvic Floor Procedure Registry (APFPR) collects both clinical and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) data on women undergoing surgery using a prosthesis such as mesh for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The registry lacks a suitable instrument to assess pain in women following mesh surgery for SUI and POP. This qualitative study describes the views on pain following mesh surgery in women and clinicians through the development of a conceptual framework, which may inform the development of a new instrument for the APFPR.

Methods
We conducted semi-structured interviews with women following mesh surgery for POP and SUI (n=17) and clinicians (n=6) in Victoria, Australia. We sought to reveal aspects of any sort of pain after a pelvic floor procedure. Interviews covered sensation, region, continuity of pain, triggers, and the mode and method of administration for a new pain-specific patient-reported outcome measure. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
We identified the important components of pain felt by women with POP and SUI after surgery using mesh. From the seven themes outlined, a conceptual framework was developed compiling related components of pain into six specific domains.

Conclusions
This study identifies the important components of pain felt by women following mesh surgery. It is hoped that the development of a pain-specific PROM, as supported by clinicians, will assist in the timely and appropriate diagnosis and management of POP and SUI.
A rationale for considering heart/brain axis control in neuropsychiatric disease
Authors: Garrett Lillian , Trümbach Dietrich , Spielmann Nadine , Wurst Wolfgang , Fuchs Helmut , Gailus-Durner Valerie , Hrabě de Angelis Martin , Hölter Sabine M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNeuropsychiatric diseases (NPD) represent a significant global disease burden necessitating innovative approaches to pathogenic understanding, biomarker identification and therapeutic strategy. Emerging evidence implicates heart/brain axis malfunction in NPD etiology, particularly via the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and brain central autonomic network (CAN) interaction. This heart/brain inter-relationship harbors potentially novel NPD diagnosis and treatment avenues. Nevertheless, the lack of multidisciplinary clinical approaches as well as a limited appreciation of molecular underpinnings has stymied progress. Large-scale preclinical multi-systemic functional data can therefore provide supplementary insight into CAN and ANS interaction. We here present an overview of the heart/brain axis in NPD and establish a unique rationale for utilizing a preclinical cardiovascular disease risk gene set to glean insights into heart/brain axis control in NPD. With a top-down approach focusing on genes influencing electrocardiogram ANS function, we combined hierarchical clustering of corresponding regional CAN expression data and functional enrichment analysis to reveal known and novel molecular insights into CAN and NPD. Through ‘support vector machine’ inquiries for classification and literature validation, we further pinpointed the top 32 genes highly expressed in CAN brain structures altering both heart rate/heart rate variability (HRV) and behavior. Our observations underscore the potential of HRV/hyperactivity behavior as endophenotypes for multimodal disease biomarker identification to index aberrant executive brain functioning with relevance for NPD. This work heralds the potential of large-scale preclinical functional genetic data for understanding CAN/ANS control and introduces a stepwise design leveraging preclinical data to unearth novel heart/brain axis control genes in NPD.
Breast cancer: emerging principles of metastasis, adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment from cancer registry data
Authors: Engel Jutta , Eckel Renate , Halfter Kathrin , Schubert-Fritschle Gabriele , Hölzel Dieter 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Growing primary breast cancers (PT) can initiate local recurrences (LR), regional lymph nodes (pLN) and distant metastases (MET). Components of these progressions are initiation, frequency, growth duration, and survival. These characteristics describe principles which proposed molecular concepts and hypotheses must align with.

Methods
In a population-based retrospective modeling approach using data from the Munich Cancer Registry key steps and factors associated with metastasis were identified and quantified. Analysis of 66.800 patient datasets over four time periods since 1978, reliable evidence is obtained even in small subgroups. Together with results of clinical trials on prevention and adjuvant treatment (AT) principles for the MET process and AT are derived.

Results
The median growth periods for PT/MET/LR/pLN comes to 12.5/8.8/5/3.5 years, respectively. Even if 30% of METs only appear after 10 years, a pre-diagnosis MET initiation principle not a delayed one should be true. The growth times of PTs and METs vary by a factor of 10 or more but their ratio is robust at about 1.4. Principles of AT are 50% PT eradication, the selective and partial eradication of bone and lung METs. This cannot be improved by extending the duration of the previously known ATs.

Conclusion
A paradigm of ten principles for the MET process and ATs is derived from real world data and clinical trials indicates that there is no rationale for the long-term application of endocrine ATs, risk of PTs by hormone replacement therapies, or cascading initiation of METs. The principles show limits and opportunities for innovation also through alternative interpretations of well-known studies. The outlined MET process should be generalizable to all solid tumors.
Enhancement of cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of Digenea simplex chloroform extract using the nanosuspension technique
Authors: El-Rafie Hanaa M. , Hasan Enas A. , Zahran Magdy K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDigenea simplex (D. simplex), an Egyptian marine red macroalga, contains a diverse group of phytochemicals with unique bioactivities. At the same time, the synthesis of nanosuspension (NS) has received increasing interest to optimize the technological aspects of drugs. Thence, the main objective of this work was to use the chloroform extract (ChlE) of D. simplex to prepare its nanosuspension (ChlE-NS) formulation to increase its aqueous solubility, thereby improving its bioactivity. By using FTIR, GC/MS analysis, and phytochemical screening assays, the chemical profiling of ChlE was assessed. NS was prepared by the antisolvent precipitation technique using 1.5% w/v polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). A light microscope, FTIR, particle size distribution, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) measurements was used to characterize the prepared NS. Four cancer cell lines were used in the MTT experiment to investigate the anticancer potential of ChlE and ChlE-NS. An apoptotic mechanism was established using acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) dual staining, DNA fragmentation, and increased caspase activity. ChlE and ChlE-NS were also evaluated as antioxidants using DPPH and ABTS free radical assays. The results showed that, when compared to ChlE, ChlE-NS had greater cytotoxic activity against the four cancer cell lines. However, results of antioxidant activity showed that ChlE-NS had an IC50 of 36.86 ± 0.09 and 63.5 ± 0.47%, while ChlE had values of 39.90 ± 0.08 and 86.5 ± 0.8% in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Based on the results of this research, D. simplex ChlE-NS may be an effective strategy for enhancing ChlE's cytotoxic and antioxidant activities.
Graphical abstract
Kidney concentrating capacity in children with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease is linked to glomerular filtration and hypertension
Authors: Seeman Tomáš , Bláhová Kveta , Fencl Filip , Klaus Richard , Lange-Sperandio Bärbel , Hrčková Gabriela , Podracká Ĺudmila 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundImpaired kidney concentration capacity is present in half of the patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The kidney concentrating capacity was further impaired within the animal model of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). To date, only one small study has investigated it in children having ARPKD. Therefore, we aimed to study the kidney concentrating ability in a larger cohort of children with ARPKD.MethodsEighteen children (median age 8.5 years, range 1.3–16.8) were retrospectively investigated. A standardized kidney concentrating capacity test was performed after the application of a nasal drop of desmopressin (urine osmolality > 900 mOsmol/kg). The glomerular filtration rate was estimated using the Schwartz formula (eGFR) and blood pressure (BP) was measured as office BP.ResultsKidney concentrating capacity was decreased (urine osmolality < 900 mOsmol/kg) in 100% of children with ARPKD. The median urine osmolality after desmopressin application was 389 (range 235–601) mOsmol/kg. Sixteen patients (89%) were defined as hypertensive based on their actual BP level or their use of antihypertensive drugs. The maximum amounts of urinary concentration correlated significantly with eGFR (r = 0.72,p < 0.0001) and hypertensive scores (r = 0.50,p < 0.05), but not with kidney size. Twelve patients (67%) were defined as having CKD stages 2–4. The median concentrating capacity was significantly lower in children within this group, when compared to children with CKD stage 1 possessing a normal eGFR (544 mOsmol/kg, range 413–600 mOsmol/kg vs. 327 mOsmol/kg, range 235–417 mOsmol/l,p < 0.001).ConclusionsImpaired kidney concentrating capacity is present in most children with ARPKD and is associated with decreased eGFR and hypertension.Graphical abstract
The role of invasive alien species in the emergence and spread of zoonoses
Authors: Roy Helen E. , Tricarico Elena , Hassall Richard , Johns Charlotte A. , Roy Katy A. , Scalera Riccardo , Smith Kevin G. , Purse Bethan V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe role of invasive alien species in the transmission dynamics of zoonotic pathogens is often overlooked, despite the rapid escalation in biological invasions globally. Here we synthesise available information on the influence of invasive alien species on zoonotic pathogen dynamics in invaded ranges, focussing on Europe, and identify key associated knowledge gaps. We identified 272 documented interactions between alien species and zoonotic pathogens within invaded ranges. The majority of these involved invasive alien mammals followed by birds with only a few occurrences of other taxa documented. A wide range of potential interactions between invasive alien species and zoonotic pathogens were identified but few studies considered transmission to humans and so there was limited evidence of actual impacts on human health. However, there is an urgent need to raise awareness of the potential risks posed to human health by the transmission of zoonotic diseases by invasive alien species; the role of invasive alien species in zoonotic disease transmission may exceed that of native wildlife and occur in a relatively short period following the arrival of an invasive alien species within a new region. Ecological and social mechanisms govern the dynamics of zoonotic disease transmission but wildlife diseases are not consistently included within animal, plant and human policies. Rapid advances in the development of systems frameworks that integrate the ecological, economic and social processes promoting spillover in rapidly changing environments will increase understanding to inform decision-making.
Improving the efficiency of multi-location field trials with complete and incomplete relationship information
Authors: Michel Sebastian , Löschenberger Franziska , Ametz Christian , Bürstmayr Hermann 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe increasingly cost-efficient availability of ‘omics’ data has led to the development of a rich framework for predicting the performance of non-phenotyped selection candidates in recent years. The improvement of phenotypic analyses by using pedigree and/or genomic relationship data has however received much less attention, albeit it has shown large potential for increasing the efficiency of early generation yield trials in some breeding programs. The aim of this study was accordingly to assess the possibility to enhance phenotypic analyses of multi-location field trials with complete relationship information as well as when merely incomplete pedigree and/or genomic relationship information is available for a set of selection candidates. For his purpose, four winter bread wheat trial series conducted in Eastern and Western Europe were used to determine the experimental efficiency and accuracy of different resource allocations with a varying degree of relationship information. The results showed that modelling relationship between the selection candidates in the analyses of multi-location trial series was up to 20% more efficient than employing routine analyses, where genotypes are assumed to be unrelated. The observed decrease in efficiency and accuracy when reducing the testing capacities was furthermore less pronounced when modelling relationship information, even in cases when merely partial pedigree and/or genomic information was available for the phenotypic analyses. Exploiting complete and incomplete relationship information in both preliminary yield trials and multi-location trial series has thus large potential to optimize resource allocations and increase the selection gain in programs that make use of various predictive breeding methods.
Parents’ Perceptions: Environments and the Contextual Strategies of Parents to Support the Participation of Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder—A Descriptive Population-Based Study from Switzerland
Authors: Krieger Beate , Moser Albine , Morgenthaler Thomas , Beurskens Anna J. H. M. , Piškur Barbara 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnvironments have a modifying effect on the participation of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in all areas of life. This cross-sectional study investigated parental perspectives on supportive or hindering environments and the daily contextual strategies parents used to enhance their children’s participation. Qualitative and quantitative data gathered from 115 parents from German-speaking Switzerland using the participation and environment measure-child and youth (PEM-CY) were analyzed. Results revealed 45 environmental supports and barriers at home, at school, and in the community. Contextual strategies were identified in combination with people, activities, time, objects, and places. Parental perspectives on participation and their contextual strategies should be considered in environmental-based interventions to support the participation of children and adolescents with ASD.
Evaluating universal design of built environments: an empirical study of stakeholder practice and perceptions
Authors: Watchorn Valerie , Hitch Danielle , Tucker Richard , Frawley Patsie , Aedy Kathryn , Grant Cathryn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUniversal design aims to reduce environmental barriers and enhance usability of buildings for all people, particularly those with disabilities. There are known challenges relating to the evaluation of universal design and evidence supporting this concept is limited. This study aimed to gather information on current practice and what stakeholders perceive as important to universal design evaluation. A mixed methods approach was employed, and data were collected via online survey (n = 157) and semi-structured interviews (n = 37). Participants included industry professionals, policy makers, government officials, academics, and people with disabilities. Just over one-third of participants stated that they had experience of evaluating universal design in public built environments. Checklists were most commonly used, yet participants expressed concern with their suitability for this purpose. Almost all participants perceived evaluation of universal design as important, citing its value to advocacy, professional development and strengthening the evidence base of universal design. Findings from this study highlight a tension between a desire for efficiency and consistency, as offered by a checklist approach, and the adoption of a holistic and multidisciplinary method of evaluation that encompasses the complexity of universal design application.
Between Cereal Agriculture and Animal Husbandry: Millet in the Early Economy of the North Pontic Region
Authors: Dal Corso Marta , Pashkevych Galyna , Filipović Dragana , Liu Xinyi , Motuzaite Matuzeviciute Giedre , Stobbe Astrid , Shatilo Ludmila , Videiko Mihail , Kirleis Wiebke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBroomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceumL.) was first domesticated in China and dispersed westward via Central Asia in the 3rd millennium BC, reaching Europe in the 2nd millennium BC. North of the Black Sea, the North Pontic steppe and forest-steppe areas are key regions for understanding the westward dispersal of millet, as evidenced by the earliest direct radiocarbon dates on European millet grains, which we present here. Examining various lines of evidence relevant to crop cultivation, animal husbandry, contacts and lifestyles, we explore the regional dynamics of the adoption of millet, broadening knowledge about past subsistence strategies related to the ‘millet farmers/consumers’ who inhabited the northern Black Sea region during the Bronze and Iron Ages. Our re-evaluation of crop evidence contributes to ongoing discussions on the mobility of prehistoric communities in the Eurasian steppe and forest-steppe—for instance, on whether millet was linked to full-time mobile pastoralists, who occasionally grew or only consumed it, or whether it was linked to sedentary farmers and cattle herders who regularly cultivated millet, among other crops. From the Bronze Age to the Late Antique, this crop is attested under different socio-cultural conditions that suggest it was adaptable to stockbreeding and the natural environment and consumed since the mid 2nd millennium BC in the northern Black Sea region.
Detecting and locating trending places using multimodal social network data
Authors: Lucas Luis , Tomás David , Garcia-Rodriguez Jose 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a machine learning-based classifier for detecting points of interest through the combined use of images and text from social networks. This model exploits the transfer learning capabilities of the neural network architecture CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training) in multimodal environments using image and text. Different methodologies based on multimodal information are explored for the geolocation of the places detected. To this end, pre-trained neural network models are used for the classification of images and their associated texts. The result is a system that allows creating new synergies between images and texts in order to detect and geolocate trending places that has not been previously tagged by any other means, providing potentially relevant information for tasks such as cataloging specific types of places in a city for the tourism industry. The experiments carried out reveal that, in general, textual information is more accurate and relevant than visual cues in this multimodal setting.
Expression of juvenility related microRNAs and target genes during micropropagation of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.)
Authors: Krivmane Baiba , Girgžde Elva , Samsone Ineta , Ruņģis Dainis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSilver birch (Betula pendulaRoth.) is an ecologically and economically important deciduous tree species in Northern Europe. In vitro culture initiation and shoot rejuvenation from birches in their reproductive phase is difficult and often unsuccessful. Currently, markers to evaluate the degree of juvenility of birch in vitro shoots, which could be used to track the rejuvenation process and to determine factors affecting it, have not been developed. The aims of this study were to assess expression of juvenility related microRNAs and target genes during micropropagation of silver birch, and to investigate factors affecting juvenility of birch genotypes with different in vitro morphogenic ability. Potential precursor sequences and target genes of the microRNAs miR156 and miR172 were determined by alignment to the birch unigene set. Ten potential miR156 and miR172 precursor sequences were identified, and were tested for the ability to form the required stem-loop structure. Based on precursor sequences, primers were designed for real time PCR analysis of precursor miRNA expression. Expression patterns of two miR156 family precursors (miR156_511 and miR156_789) and one miR172 precursor (miR172_1931) and two target genes (BpSPL1andBpAP2) had the best correlation with juvenility/maturity in the analysed in vitro propagated silver birch samples. Expression patterns of these miRNA precursors and target genes were also investigated in samples cultured under different in vitro conditions. This study provides an initial survey of molecular markers for assessment of phase change in birch in vitro micropropagation.
Identification of key genes of anti-programmed death ligand 1 for meningioma immunotherapy by bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Zhang Lijian , Wang Luxuan , Tan Yanli , Li Chunhui , Fang Chuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMeningioma is one of the most common primary tumors in the central nervous system (CNS). A deeper understanding of its molecular characterization could provide potential therapeutic targets to reduce recurrence. In this study, we attempted to identify specific gene mutations in meningioma for immunotherapy. One GSE43290 dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between meningioma tissues and normal meninges. In total, 420 DEGs were identified, including 15 up-regulated and 405 down-regulated genes. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Focal adhesion, and MAPK signaling pathway. We identified 20 hub genes by protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Among the hub genes, the expression of FLT1, CXCL8, JUN, THBS1, FECAM1, CD34, and FGF13 were negatively correlated with Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1). Additionally, the expression of those genes was co-regulated by miR‐155‐5p. The findings suggest that miR-155-5p play an important role in the pathogenesis of meningioma and may represent potential therapeutic targets for its anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy.