bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of mineral fertilizers and herbicides on winter wheat crops in the steppe zone of RSO-Alania
Authors: Tedeeva A A , Tedeeva V V 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The article studies the effect of mineral fertilizers and herbicides on winter wheat crops. The purpose of our research was to study the harmfulness of weeds and to develop techniques for increasing yields through the use of herbicides. For the first time the studies aimed at developing methods to increase the yield and quality of grain were conducted in the conditions of the steppe zone on chestnut-carbonate soils. [1] The use of mineral fertilizers and herbicides is an urgent task of agricultural production. Weeds reduce the yield and quality of winter wheat due to the removal of nutrients from the soil. In 2019-2021 we conducted experiments in the bogharic conditions of the steppe zone of the Mozdoksky district of the RNO-Alania, in the Oktyabrsky scientific and production department. In the course of research, it was found that the use of the herbicide Gran Star (25g/ha) with the use of mineral fertilizers and without fertilizers ensured the death of weeds by 72.5-82.7%, when applying the herbicide Dialen Super (0.7 l/ha), the death of weeds was 60%, when applying mineral fertilizers N 90 P 90 K 90 – 62.7%. The dry mass of weed vegetation decreased by 61.4 – 86.6%, the increasing of yield, in the winter wheat variety Alekseich – 4.4 t/ha, the increase was 2.4 t/ha when applying the herbicide Gran Star (25g/ha) against the background with the introduction of mineral N 60 P 60 K 60, with an increase of N 90 P 90 K 90 the increase was 2.9 t/ha, with a yield of 4.8 t/ha. With an increase in the doses of mineral fertilizers N 90 P 90 K 90, a harvest of winter wheat grain was obtained – 4.7 t/ha for the Yumpa variety, and the increase was 2.8 t. When applying mineral fertilizers together with herbicides, the quality indicators of grain also increase.
Quality evaluation of lawn grasses turf in the urbanized territories of the Southern Ural
Authors: Zybalov V S , Khalupo O I 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The paper presents the research materials devoted to studying the mixtures of lawn grasses when creating a recreational zone in the urbanized territory of the Chelyabinsk region. We considered the possibility of creating the qualitative indicators of perennial grasses turf by improving their cultivation technology. The article deals with testing soil properties and improving the technology of growing perennial grasses, and quality evaluation of turf in the urbanized territories of the South Ural. The paper aims to (1) conduct the analysis based on the use of grasses for landscaping lawns, (2) determine the types of grasses that are most in demand for the infrastructure development of urbanized areas at present and to identify their biological characteristics, (3) select soil samples according to the variants of the experiment and to carry out their agrochemical analysis, (4) study the types of grasses, their nutritional requirements, watering rate, mowing periods by phases of organogenesis, and (5) examine the turf quality of perennial grasses mixture and to evaluate them according to the variants of experiments, (6) identify the seed mixture of two different species (bent grass + fescue with bluegrass + fescue).
The effect of slow-release coated fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat
Authors: Lapushkin V M , Lapushkina A A , Igraliev F G , Torshin S P , Volkova M A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of NPK and NPS fertilizers effectiveness, as well as urea, on the granules surface of which a coating based on monocalcium phosphate with a thickness of 100 microns was applied. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers provided an increase in the yield of spring wheat grain by 31-46%, while the yield when using coated fertilizers was 9-10% higher compared to conventional fertilizers. The shell of the granules contributed to a more complete use of nutrients by plants, and the nitrogen use efficiency increased from 40-49% to 47-59%.
Ecological assessment of the safety and biodiversity of woody introduced species in the semi-desert of the Northern Caspian lowland
Authors: Sizemskaya M L , Sapanov M K 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The species diversity and safety of a 70-year-old collection of tree and shrub introduced species in the arboretum of the Dzhanybek Research Station, located in rainfed conditions of the semi-desert of the Northern Caspian region, was studied. The arboretum was created on hydromorphic meadow-chestnut soils in a mesodepression of relief in 1953. At the present stage, 75 species belonging to 23 families and 43 genera have been identified in the arboretum. It was analyzed that most of the species are represented by the family Rosaceae, the species of the families Caprifoliaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Fagaceae, Leguminosae, Oleaceae, Salicaceae, Sapindaceae, Ulmaceae are very numerous. Species with high ecological and biological potential have been identified. It is concluded that due to their own longevity, adaptive reactions, good self-renewal abilities, many species can exist for a long time and stably in semi-desert conditions. Species that can be recommended for creating sustainable socially significant plantations are proposed.
Breeding bulbous and bulbotuberiferous flower crops at the Subtropical Scientific Centre of RAS
Authors: Ryndin A V , Pashchenko O I , Slepchenko N A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Bulbous and bulbotuberiferous plants are the most popular flower crops among amateur flower growers, florists, landscape designers, introducers and breeders. These crops collected by the Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences include both foreign and domestic cultivars. Breeding work within these collections has been carried out for more than 50 years, for many – for the first time in the country. The obtained cultivars are not inferior in decorative qualities to foreign ones, and they are superior in resistance. Currently, due to the limited import of foreign planting material, the demand for domestic products has significantly increased. This paper presents the results of research conducted over the last 15 years. During this period, researchers have created more than 90 cultivars of freesia, hippeastrum and tulip; an extensive hybrid fund has been collected; sources of economically valuable traits have been allocated. Currently, xiphium and crocus are included in the breeding process. In the course of the research, bulbous and bulbotuberiferous flower crops collected by FRC SSC of RAS have been replenished with 26 domestic highly decorative cultivar samples, productive and resistant to abiotic and biotic factors, including 22 freesias, 2 hippeastrums and tulips. New cultivars are different in flowering terms: 7 of them have an early flowering term, 11 – with an average, 8 – with a late one. There are six groups according to the main colour of the perianth lobes: white – 4 cultivars, yellow – 5, red – 3, medium blue – 4, pink-purple – 8, black – 2.
Simplified dynamic model of a nuclear power plant
Authors: Kanareykin Aleksandr Ivanovich 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The article is devoted to the issues of nuclear energy. It considers a simplified dynamic model simulating the main processes in a nuclear power plant, including heat generation in a reactor. The basis of the proposed model is a model of heat release in the reactor, simulating the relative neutron power and temperature of the coolant in the hot thread of the circulation circuit.
Formation of the avifauna of the Zaryadye Park (Moscow) in 2018-2022
Authors: Vasilevskaya A A , Malovichko L V , Kiseleva N Y , Kuznetsova V V , Krotova E A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The article presents the results of a five-year monitoring of the bird population in the new Zaryadye Park (Moscow) and a forecast for the further development of their communities. The basis of the population of the park is, on the one hand, numerous urban species, such as the house sparrow Passer domesticus and the rock dove Columba livia, and, on the other hand, single migratory species, including those protected in Moscow. Of the 50 species noted in Zaryadye, 13 species reliably nest, and another 4 probably nest. In the future, as the forest stand matures, both new migratory and nesting species may appear in the park.
Natural flow regulation coefficient of the Kaliningrad region rivers
Authors: Akhmedova N R , Naumov V A , Kochkareva A S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The natural flow regulation coefficient is used in solving engineering and scientific problems in the field of hydrology, hydraulic engineering. The article presents the results of calculating this coefficient for the rivers of the Kaliningrad region based on the results of observations. The previously developed calculation method in the Mathcad environment was used. The range of changes in the coefficient of natural regulation of the flow of rivers in the Kaliningrad region significantly exceeds the similar range given for the rivers of the North-West of Russia. The closest stochastic relationship is in the coefficient of natural regulation of river flow in the Kaliningrad region with 30-day water discharges.
Application of the neural network approach to predict the efficiency of the use of ecological neutrality transition technologies by power plants
Authors: Guzhov S V , Torop D V , Bashlykov M S , Kudryashova A P , Sesin A A , Krylova E V 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The issues of improving the environmental friendliness of power plants are relevant in Russia and in the world. The objectives of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reducing heat losses in cooling towers are important. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is relevant for both the urban economy and public health. Reducing thermal energy emissions from power plants within the city is also relevant, because. improves the quality of life of residents and guests of the city, reduces the load on air conditioning in summer, allows you to direct the released electrical energy to the development of the urban economy. There are many technologies that can be used to effectively utilize the thermal energy of cooling towers. The article presents those of them that have shown their technical and economic feasibility. The task of predicting the effects for a particular plant is complicated by the need to temporarily shut down part of the generating capacity, which is unacceptable for the city’s power supply system. Therefore, predictive models based on artificial neural networks are becoming the main tool. The assumptions used in solving problems of this class are shown, an example of a set of input factors is given, and the resulting errors are shown. It is shown that the combination of technologies for the transition to environmental neutrality of power plants can become the center of attraction for many urban projects that can increase economic efficiency, increase the number of jobs, develop import-substituting industries, and increase the efficiency of land use around generation facilities that were previously operated insignificantly.
Dynamics of yield formation of green and dry aboveground biomass of non-traditional fodder crops in the Saratov Right Bank
Authors: Bashinskaya O S , Kondakov K S , Zaitsev S A , Eryushev M V 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The article deals with the problems of fodder production development in the Saratov region. In this regard, we paid great attention to annual fodder crops using the mogar as an example. The features of the formation of green and dry aboveground mogar biomass were described. Conducted research on the effect of seeding rate and sowing method on field germination and yield of mogar. We assessed the economic efficiency of mogar cultivation in the Saratov region. They recommended the optimal seeding rate and sowing method to obtain the maximum yield of mogar green mass.
Influence of high hydrostatic pressure treatment on licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) hard seeds germination
Authors: Yu Belyaev A , Kruglikov N A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The effects of hydrostatic pressure (from 100 to 250 MPa with different exposure options) on the germination of hard seeds of licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) were studied. Among used pressures, the best result was obtained after three times by 100 MPa exposure. In this variant, good dynamics of swelling and germination of seeds was observed, and the proportion of normal seedlings from the total number of hard seeds in the studied sample was largest. It is shown that higher levels of pressure load on licorice seeds led to a decrease in the proportion of normally developed seedlings.
Automatic recognition of defects in plasma-facing material using image processing technology
Authors: LYU 吕 Jianhua 建骅 , NIU 牛 Chunjie 春杰 , CUI 崔 Yunqiu 运秋 , CHEN 陈 Chao 超 , NI 倪 Weiyuan 维元 , FAN 范 Hongyu 红玉 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Observing and analyzing surface images is critical for studying the interaction between plasma and irradiated plasma-facing materials. This paper presents a method for the automatic recognition of bubbles in transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of W nanofibers using image processing techniques and convolutional neural network (CNN). We employ a three-stage approach consisting of Otsu, local-threshold, and watershed segmentation to extract bubbles from noisy images. To address over-segmentation, we propose a combination of area factor and radial pixel intensity scanning. A CNN is used to recognize bubbles, outperforming traditional neural network models such as AlexNet and GoogleNet with an accuracy of 97.1% and recall of 98.6%. Our method is tested on both clear and blurred TEM images, and demonstrates human-like performance in recognizing bubbles. This work contributes to the development of quantitative image analysis in the field of plasma-material interactions, offering a scalable solution for analyzing material defects. Overall, this study’s findings establish the potential for automatic defect recognition and its applications in the assessment of plasma-material interactions. This method can be employed in a variety of specialties, including plasma physics and materials science.
Tree-based subgroup discovery using electronic health record data: heterogeneity of treatment effects for DTG-containing therapies
Authors: Yang Jiabei , Mwangi Ann W , Kantor Rami , Dahabreh Issa J , Nyambura Monicah , Delong Allison , Hogan Joseph W , Steingrimsson Jon A 
Published: July 2023

Summary
The rich longitudinal individual level data available from electronic health records (EHRs) can be used to examine treatment effect heterogeneity. However, estimating treatment effects using EHR data poses several challenges, including time-varying confounding, repeated and temporally non-aligned measurements of covariates, treatment assignments and outcomes, and loss-to-follow-up due to dropout. Here, we develop the subgroup discovery for longitudinal data algorithm, a tree-based algorithm for discovering subgroups with heterogeneous treatment effects using longitudinal data by combining the generalized interaction tree algorithm, a general data-driven method for subgroup discovery, with longitudinal targeted maximum likelihood estimation. We apply the algorithm to EHR data to discover subgroups of people living with human immunodeficiency virus who are at higher risk of weight gain when receiving dolutegravir (DTG)-containing antiretroviral therapies (ARTs) versus when receiving non-DTG-containing ARTs.
Augmented two-step estimating equations with nuisance functionals and complex survey data
Authors: Zhao Puying , Wu Changbao 
Published: July 2023

SummaryStatistical inference in the presence of nuisance functionals with complex survey data is an important topic in social and economic studies. The Gini index, Lorenz curves, and quantile shares are among the commonly encountered examples. The nuisance functionals are usually handled by a plug-in nonparametric estimator and the main inferential procedure can be carried out through a two-step generalized empirical likelihood method. Unfortunately, the resulting inference is not efficient and the nonparametric version of the Wilks’ theorem breaks down even under simple random sampling. We propose an augmented estimating equations method with nuisance functionals and complex surveys. The second step augmented estimating functions obey the Neyman orthogonality condition and automatically handle the impact of the first step plug-in estimator, and the resulting estimator of the main parameters of interest is invariant to the first step method. More importantly, the generalized empirical likelihood-based Wilks’ theorem holds for the main parameters of interest under the design-based framework for commonly used survey designs, and the maximum generalized empirical likelihood estimators achieve the semiparametric efficiency bound. Performances of the proposed methods are demonstrated through simulation studies and an application using the dataset from the New York City Social Indicators Survey.
Feasibility of three-dimensional artificial intelligence algorithm integration with intracardiac echocardiography for left atrial imaging during atrial fibrillation catheter ablation
Authors: Di Biase Luigi , Zou Fengwei , Lin Aung N , Grupposo Vito , Marazzato Jacopo , Tarantino Nicola , Della Rocca Domenico , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Natale Andrea , Alhuarrat Majd Al Deen , Haiman Guy , Haimovich David , Matthew Richard A , Alcazar Jaclyn , Costa Graça , Urman Roy , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is a useful but operator-dependent tool for left atrial (LA) anatomical rendering during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. The CARTOSOUND FAM Module, a new deep learning (DL) imaging algorithm, has the potential to overcome this limitation. This study aims to evaluate feasibility of the algorithm compared to cardiac computed tomography (CT) in patients undergoing AF ablation.

Methods and results
In 28 patients undergoing AF ablation, baseline patient information was recorded, and three-dimensional (3D) shells of LA body and anatomical structures [LA appendage/left superior pulmonary vein/left inferior pulmonary vein/right superior pulmonary vein/right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV)] were reconstructed using the DL algorithm. The selected ultrasound frames were gated to end-expiration and max LA volume. Ostial diameters of these structures and carina-to-carina distance between left and right pulmonary veins were measured and compared with CT measurements. Anatomical accuracy of the DL algorithm was evaluated by three independent electrophysiologists using a three-anchor scale for LA anatomical structures and a five-anchor scale for LA body. Ablation-related characteristics were summarized. The algorithm generated 3D reconstruction of LA anatomies, and two-dimensional contours overlaid on ultrasound input frames. Average calculation time for LA reconstruction was 65 s. Mean ostial diameters and carina-to-carina distance were all comparable to CT without statistical significance. Ostial diameters and carina-to-carina distance also showed moderate to high correlation (r = 0.52–0.75) except for RIPV (r = 0.20). Qualitative ratings showed good agreement without between-rater differences. Average procedure time was 143.7 ± 43.7 min, with average radiofrequency time 31.6 ± 10.2 min. All patients achieved ablation success, and no immediate complications were observed.

Conclusion
DL algorithm integration with ICE demonstrated considerable accuracy compared to CT and qualitative physician assessment. The feasibility of ICE with this algorithm can potentially further streamline AF ablation workflow.
Atrial extrasystoles enhance low-voltage fractionation electrograms in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: van Schie Mathijs S , Liao Rongheng , Ramdat Misier Nawin L , Knops Paul , Heida Annejet , Taverne Yannick J H J , de Groot Natasja M S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background and aims
Atrial extrasystoles (AES) provoke conduction disorders and may trigger episodes of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the direction- and rate-dependency of electrophysiological tissue properties on epicardial unipolar electrogram (EGM) morphology is unknown. Therefore, this study examined the impact of spontaneous AES on potential amplitude, -fractionation, -duration, and low-voltage areas (LVAs), and correlated these differences with various degrees of prematurity and aberrancy.

Methods and results
Intra-operative high-resolution epicardial mapping of the right and left atrium, Bachmann’s Bundle, and pulmonary vein area was performed during sinus rhythm (SR) in 287 patients (60 with AF). AES were categorized according to their prematurity index (&gt;25% shortening) and degree of aberrancy (none, mild/opposite, moderate and severe). In total, 837 unique AES (457 premature; 58 mild/opposite, 355 moderate, and 154 severe aberrant) were included. The average prematurity index was 28% [12–45]. Comparing SR and AES, average voltage decreased (−1.1 [−1.2, −0.9] mV, P &lt; 0.001) at all atrial regions, whereas the amount of LVAs and fractionation increased (respectively, +3.4 [2.7, 4.1] % and +3.2 [2.6, 3.7] %, P &lt; 0.001). Only weak or moderate correlations were found between EGM morphology parameters and prematurity indices (R2 &lt; 0.299, P &lt; 0.001). All parameters were, however, most severely affected by either mild/opposite or severely aberrant AES, in which the effect was more pronounced in AF patients. Also, there were considerable regional differences in effects provoked by AES.

Conclusion
Unipolar EGM characteristics during spontaneous AES are mainly directional-dependent and not rate-dependent. AF patients have more direction-dependent conduction disorders, indicating enhanced non-uniform anisotropy that is uncovered by spontaneous AES.
Biosorption and bioreduction of aqueous chromium (VI) by different Spirulina strains
Authors: Meng Guoqing , Liu Jinghua , Ma Jingwen , Liu Xueqin , Zhang Fengyun , Guo Yanfeng , Wang Chuanbao , Song Lei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Spirulina has emerged as a promising microorganism for the treatment of industrial heavy metal ions in wastewater due to their simplicity of cultivation and harvesting, rich functional binding groups, and high bioreductive activity during the uptake process. While the capacities of biosorption and bioreduction for heavy metal ions differ significantly among various algal strains. Therefore, the physiological characteristics were investigated to identify the different Spirulina strains, and the chromium (VI) adsorption capacities of the algal strains were also evaluated. In this study, it was found that algal strains YCX2643 and CLQ1848 performed higher removal efficiency (86.5% and 83.7%) than the other four Spirulina strains (59.4%, 56.3%, 65.6%, and 66.5%, respectively). Moreover, the mechanisms of chromium (VI) ions binding and biotransformation in the Spirulina cell were scrutinized by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and it indicated that the varieties of cellular components involved in high binding affinity may cause the higher biosorption and bioreduction of aqueous chromium (VI) in algal strains YCX2643 and CLQ1848, which could be used as promising biosorbents in the removing heavy metal pollutants from wastewaters.