bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Single Stage Vertical Well the Only Option for Khazzan/Ghazeer? Hydraulic Fracturing Design Optimization Coupled with Production Simulations Provide Insights on Different Completion Approaches to Maximize Recovery, Production and Economics
Authors: Parada C. , Ligocki L. , Varahanaresh S. , Casero A. , Al Harrasi M. N. , Motealleh S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Barik Sandstone is a well know condensate reservoir developed in several fields across Central Oman between Ghaba Salt Basin and Fahud Salt Basin. Its particularity lays in the vertical and lateral heterogeneity resulting from the fluvial-deltaic depositional environment and an associated quite unusually high stress differential across the different mudstone and sandstone members. Barik Sandstone is classified as Unconventional Tight Gas due to the low average permeability and requires hydraulic fracturing (HF) to economically exploit the natural resources.
Over the years, operators have applied different completion strategies, all including HF, spanning form vertical wells with multiple stages to vertical wells with single massive HF treatments and horizontal multistage wells, the paper will contain a literature review covering all these solutions including the rationale and areas overlapping. However, the common denominator to the success of the stimulation and completion strategy applied is the identification of an optimized HF design that maximizes recovery and economics, increases deliverability and reliability, while efficiently deploy capital expenditure.
This paper is focusing on the work done in the Khazzan and Ghazeer fields to optimize the HF through a full circle process that start from reservoir and Mechanical Earth Model descriptions to hydraulic fracturing modeling and sensitivities on different options, then exporting frac geometries to reservoir model and run production predictions, to compare economic analysis, and finally applying the findings to field operations.
In condensate gas reservoir, both length (geometry of fracture) and conductivity of fracture play important roles in gas rate and recovery. This study shows how dimensionless fracture conductivity design and increase in fracture length can be balanced to improve gas rate and recovery. Additionally, it provides guidance and sensitivities on the effect of permeability and number of frac stages on recovery and production uplift.
This paper presents a method integrating different disciplines including geology, petrophysics, stimulation, petroleum, and reservoir engineering, while using static and dynamic data. Static data such as vertical heterogeneity and stress profile and dynamic data such as HF treatment rate and pressure, well production data (rate and BHP), pressure build up data are integrated to provide the optimal stimulation approach with different optionality depending on project specific objective and constrains.
Thermal Fracturing Simulation for Flow Assurance in CCS
Authors: Park Jason , Berentsen Cas , de Pater C. J. Hans 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
CO2 injection into depleted gas fields causes long-term cooling of the reservoir. Therefore, even if injection pressure stays below the fracture initiation pressure, the cooled volume still creates an extensive stress disturbance that can induce propagation of large fractures over time. The enhanced injectivity after the onset of this thermal fracturing might jeopardize injection operations due to the risk of hydrate plugging in the injection well caused by the combination of low pressure and low temperature, and large fractures may also increase the risk of loss of containment. Modeling the fracture evolution provides an estimate of these effects and their timing.
Coupled simulation of CO2 injection provides the thermal fracture dimensions for a given uncertainty in the reservoir parameters. Simplified stress modelling is applied in the thermal fracture reservoir simulation, but a full 3D geomechanical model that was developed for fault slip analysis provides accurate estimates of the stress state after depletion and the subsequent evolution of the stresses during CO2 injection. For computation efficiency, sector models were used with locally refined grids to accommodate fractures in the reservoir simulation model. It was verified that the fracture models match the full-field simulation under matrix flow conditions. The fracture simulations were developed in close relation with flow assurance modeling to determine the operational windows that avoid hydrate formation while maintaining the required injection target.
Thermal fracture propagation by CO2 injection into the depleted Dutch offshore gas field has been simulated by using coupled simulation approach. The model has been developed with geomechanical properties and stresses obtained from various sources in neighboring fields. It was found that stress, thermal expansion coefficient, modulus and permeability distribution are the principal parameters that determine fracture growth. The forecast of thermal fracture propagation yielded in some cases very long fractures reaching compartment boundaries. Injectivity was enhanced by up to a factor of 4, which is significant for flow assurance. The coupled modeling of thermal fracturing provides mitigating measures in case the temperature and pressure drop into the hydrate formation window.
Strategy for Reducing Environmental Footprint of Hydraulic Fracturing Operations through Engineering Excellence and Operational Efficiency
Authors: Kurniadi S. D. , Ryan A. , Hamidon Z. R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
According to the IEA, the 1.5°C scenario hinges on reducing CO2 emissions to net zero by 2050. Energy industries will need to take a leadership role in developing sustainability development goals for this to happen. To be successful, all traditional emissions sources across our industry will need to be addressed. Hydraulic fracturing is considered one of the largest opportunities to reduce the CO2 footprint while delivering production enhancement. This paper focuses on specific strategies of reducing the CO2 footprint for hydraulic fracturing operations.
In hydraulic fracturing, where the energy consumption is more than that of a drilling rig, carbon footprint reduction is critical. The CO2 reduction commitment requires early engagement and close collaboration between the operator and the service company to maximize the impact. In hydraulic fracturing, the initiative has focused on four aspects: energy optimization, where operational efficiency, resource optimization, and mixed energy sources will be the main CO2 reduction contributors; logistics optimization, including the logistics methodology, sourcing, and real-time push logistics; material conservation, including water conservation, optimization of treatment design, and utilization of alternative materials; and the technology initiative, in which various technologies available in daily life can be adopted by the oil and gas industry, including digitalization to provide real-time information.
Various initiatives and technologies among the four aspects have already been implemented and successfully trialed around the world. These initiatives have not only been able to reduce CO2 emissions but have the potential to significantly reduce the cost of well delivery. These initiatives have also significant potential to boost in-country value, positively affecting local economics. Several initiatives will be presented, including their positive impact on CO2 reduction along with other values that were realized.
The information presented in this paper provides insight into the implementation of a dedicated strategy to reducing CO2 emissions in a rigless hydraulic fracturing program. Several examples are provided with the direct and indirect impact as a reference for the industry to accelerate the CO2 reduction in hydraulic fracturing and other activities in the petroleum industry.
Frac Pack Completions - Continuous Innovation Via Screenless Frac pack for Robust Sand Control and Improved Economics for Infill Drilling Projects Offshore Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Awang@Mohamed Zaidi , Abd Hamid Sufian , Roh Cheol Hwan , Tan Yvonne , Akbar Ali Anwar Husen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Frac pack has been implemented in brown field development in field D to improve both sand fines control effectiveness and productivity over previous conventional gravel pack completions. Marginal reserve in volatile economic situation required further innovation or approaches to improve project economics. To reduce well completion costs, screenless frac-pack was introduced recently which has improved project economics while testing robustness and longevity of such a completion. This paper focuses on the improvement efforts, design fine-tuning, experiences gained, valuable lessons learned, and the best practices.
One of the challenges with conventional gravel pack completion is the high completion cost and potential screen- plugging time. Screenless frac-pack eliminates the use of costly downhole sand screen, packer assemblies and subsequent RIH cost. The main frac-pack treatment utilized tip screen out method to create short fracture length and wide fracture width to maximize fracture conductivity. Resin coated proppant (RCP) was used to prevent proppant flowback during production. The job was successfully executed and well brought online in 2022 which continues to produce with good productivity and no proppant flowback observed.
Success criteria for this application is driven by two elements; first one is the ability to keep the proppant in fracture without flow-back during production life and the second one to meet the expected target production rate without production impairment. Post-treatment production results met both the criteria and based on this success of the first trial of the screenless frac-pack technology, its replication is being planned in more wells. Further reduction in well cost is also expected by applying the same frac design concept in monobore wells by creating more value from upcoming infill drilling projects and to improve economics of the multiple marginal reserve developments. Apart from that, there are learnings and concerns that we will highlight in this paper for future considerations during the replication of this design.
Invasive and native plants differ in their effects on the soil microbial community and plant-soil phosphorus cycle
Authors: Zeng Lingda , Zhao Mengxin , Sun Feng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Exploring the expansion mechanisms of invasive plants from plant and soil systems is an important ecological research objective; however, plant and soil phosphorus (P) cycling is not well understood. We explored the potential of the soil microbial community to mediate organic P mineralization and allocation to invasive and native plants in South China. Soil samples were collected from three invasive plants of M. micrantha, B. pilosa, and I. cairica and three native plants of Persicaria chinensis, Paederia scandens and Pluchea indica, and soil microbial communities, enzyme activities, and soil P fractions were examined. Plant P concentrations and foliar P fractions were tested to determine P allocation. The results showed that invasive species had higher levels of acid and alkaline phosphomonoesterase and induced a stronger acceleration of soil organic P decomposition. Moreover, the soil glucose dehydrogenase gene of the invasive species was more abundant than that of the native species, allowing it to mineralize more organic P. The invasive species had higher nucleic acid P and metabolic P in the foliar than in the native species because the invasive species allocated more P to photosynthesis. Our study suggests that invasive plants can enhance organic P decomposition by altering the soil microbial communities. In addition, invasive plants may have a higher P utilization efficiency than native plants. These results provide novel mechanistic explanations for the rapid expansion of invasive species in P-poor, lower latitudes.
Can functional MRI help differentiate invasive placentas in patients with placenta previa?
Authors: Lu Tao , Li Mou , Li Hang , Wang Yishuang , Zhao Yan , Hu Shikang , Wang Guotai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction: To investigate if functional MRI can add additional diagnostic value in distinguishing invasive placentas in patients with placenta previa.
Methods: A total of 53 patients with invasive placentas and 20 patients with noninvasive placentas were retrospectively enrolled. DWI parameters were measured by volumetric analysis and MRI images were reviewed,respectively. The differences of DWI parameters and MRI features were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression analysis were used to assess the ability of different diffusion parameters and MRI features for distinguishing invasive placentas.
Results: Comparisons between patients with invasive and noninvasive placentas demonstrated D mean and D* min were significantly higher while ADC max and D max were significantly lower in patients with invasive placentas (p < 0.05). T2 dark bands, placental heterogeneity, abnormal intraplacental vascularity and placental bulge were associated with invasive placentas (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that D max was an independent risk factor for invasive placentas. The AUC was 0.79 with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 70%, 87%, and 78.5%, respectively.
Discussion: D max helps distinguish invasive placentas in patients with placenta previa.
WITHDRAWN: Establishment of a stratified recurrence risk model for patients with synchronous gastrointestinal cancer peritoneal metastasis after surgery
Authors: Gao Yifei , Tianjin Ximo Wang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is a common distant metastasis in gastrointestinal malignancies. The combination of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and cytoreductive surgery (CRS) has significantly increased the chances of recovery for patients suffering from peritoneal cancer. The objective of this research is to create a model for assessing the likelihood of recurrence after surgery for peritoneal metastasis in patients with concurrent gastrointestinal malignancies. This will be done by analyzing the risk factors and using the Nomogram.
Methods Our study analyzed data from 5887 peritoneal metastases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER) from 2018-2020. Our goal was to identify predictors of overall survival (OS) using Cox regression analysis. The Nomogram model underwent validation through a calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified age, tumor size, grade at diagnosis, pathology type, TNM stage, and chemotherapy as independent predictors of OS. A predictive model was constructed using these factors and visualized through the Nomogram model. The ROC curve demonstrated good discriminatory ability and discriminant performance of the Nomogram model. The calibration curve showed good agreement between actual observation and Nomogram model prediction, and DCA indicated good clinical utility. A system was developed to classify patients into three risk groups based on their likelihood of recurrence. The low-risk group had a median overall survival of 24 months, the intermediate-risk group had a median OS of 11 months, and the high-risk group had a median OS of 2 months.
Conclusion A Nomogram model and corresponding recurrence risk classification system were constructed for patients with concurrent gastrointestinal malignancy, providing a risk assessment model with good clinical predictive value. With the assistance of this model, it is possible to identify patients who are at high risk and develop personalized treatment plans to meet their individual needs.
Capital Sharing and Socialization in an Interprofessional Student-Led Clinic: A Bordieuan Analysis
Authors: Roberts Chris , Khanna Priya , Burgess Annette 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Interprofessional student-led clinics provide valuable settings for authentic clinical experiences and collaborative patient care. However, there is a lack of theoretically informed research to optimize the factors impacting the sustainability of these clinics. This study aimed to address this gap by exploring the dynamic relationships between students and patients in a co-creating student-led clinic for individuals living with Parkinson's Disease, using Bourdieu's theoretical framework.
Methods
The teaching focussed clinic was established in 2018 to emulate a clinical service. Semi-structured focus groups with participants (20 students from 5 disciplines and 11 patients) were conducted to gather in-depth insights into their clinic experience. A thematic analysis was guided by Bourdieu’s concepts of field, habitus, capital, and power.
Results
Our findings suggests that the student-led clinic emerged as a complex field intersecting with a patient support group, an aged care facility, and university-based healthcare disciplines. We developed three broad themes: Fostering students’ disposition to interprofessional care, Capitalizing on collaboration and empowerment and Culture of mutual capital exchange. Students and patients developed specific dispositions which enriched their habitus, by focused on meeting shared patient well-being goals. As participants engaged in interprofessional collaborative practice, they brought different forms of capital to the clinic. Social and cultural capital was exchanged among students, fostering trust and respect for disciplinary expertise and professional boundaries. Students gained cultural capital, acquiring interprofessional knowledge about and with patients. In a culture of mutual trust, patients felt empowered through their symbolic capital, investing in students' learning and recognizing the importance of their own well-being goals within the collaborative setting.
Conclusion
The findings highlight the collective symbolic power of the interprofessional student-led clinic, where the recognition and exchange of valued forms of capital among participants fostered student learning and enriched the habitus of both students and patients. Valuing and sharing different forms of capital other than economic, such as social and cultural capital, contributed to optimizing the participants' clinic experience. These insights can inform the development and sustainability of interprofessional student-led clinics, emphasizing the importance of mutual trust, respect, and shared goals between students and patients, and educators.
Laparoscopic Hepatectomy as a Feasible and Safe Choice for Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Located at Favorable Location during the development period in a tertiary hospital: A case-control study
Authors: Lee Yi-Hsuan , Huang Yu-Ting , Kuo Tsai-Ling , Lee Ming-Che , Chen Yen-Cheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been well-known for its advantages in the past 10 years, but little is known regarding its oncologic outcomes while the technique is being developed at an institution. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of LH for patients with primary HCC at favorable locations, focusing on postoperative short-, and long-term outcomes during the development period.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with primary HCC that underwent hepatectomy between January 2013 and December 2019 at Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital. Patients with HCC at favorable locations (anterolateral segments) were collected and divided into laparoscopic and open hepatectomy (OH) groups. The primary end point was long-term oncologic outcomes, including overall, and disease-free survival, whereas the secondary end point was postoperative short-term outcomes.
Results
The review included 159 patients, and among which 42, and 44 patients with HCC in favorable locations were underwent open and laparoscopic hepatectomies. There were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss (200 vs. 300 mL, p = 0.072), overall complication rate (57.2% vs. 36.4%, p = 0.083), major complication rate (11.9% vs. 2.3%, p = 0.080), and 90-day mortality rate (7.1% vs. 0.0%, p =0.071) between the two groups. The laparoscopic group had a lower transfusion rate (14.3% vs. 2.3%, p = 0.042), shorter postoperative hospital stay (10 days vs. 7 days, p < 0.001), and lower 90-day readmission rate (14.3% vs. 2.3%, p = 0,042). There were no significant differences in 12-, 36,- and 60-month overall survival and disease-free survival.
Conclusions
LH for favorably located HCC is the preferred surgical approach compared to OH due to the decreased transfusion rate, shorter postoperative hospital stay, and lower 90-day readmission rate. LH did not compromise the 90-day mortality rate with sustained long-term overall and disease-free survival. LH for favorably located HCC is a safe and effective surgical approach even during the development period.
Evaluation of a disability-inclusive ultra-poor graduation programme in Uganda: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial with process evaluation
Authors: Kipchumba Elijah , Davey Calum , Marks Sarah Alexandra , Mugeere Anthony , Banks Lena Morgon , Islam Kazi Eliza , Shakespeare Tom , Kuper Hannah , Sulaiman Munshi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background There is little evidence on how to support ultra-poor people with disabilities to adopt sustainable livelihoods. The Disability-Inclusive Graduation (DIG) programme targets ultra-poor people with disabilities and/or women living in rural Uganda. The programme is an adaptation of an ultra-poor -graduation model that has been shown to be effective in many contexts but not evaluated for people with disabilities.Methods The DIG programme works with project participants over a period of 18 months. Participants receive unconditional cash transfers for six-months, training, access to savings-and-loans groups, and a capital asset that forms the basis of their new livelihood. The programme is also adapted to address specific barriers that people with disabilities face. Eligible households are clustered by geographical proximity in order to deliver the intervention. Eligibility is based on household screening to identify the “ultra-poor” based on proxy means testing – both households with and without people with disabilities are included in the programme. Clusters are randomly selected prior to implementation, resulting in 96 intervention and 89 control clusters. The primary outcome of the trial is per-capita household consumption. Before the start of the intervention, a baseline household survey is conducted (November 2020) among project participants and those not offered the programme; a similar endline survey is conducted with participants with disabilities at the end of programme implementation in July 2022; and a second endline survey for all participants in October 2023. These activities are complemented by a process evaluation to understand DIG programme implementation, mechanisms, and context using complementary qualitative and quantitative methods. Ethical approval for the research has been received from Mildmay Uganda Research Ethics Committee and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.Discussion DIG is a promising intervention to evaluate for people with disabilities, adapted to be disability inclusive across programme components through extensive consultations and collaboration, and has proven efficacy at reducing poverty in other marginalised groups. However, evaluating a well evidenced intervention amongst a new target group poses ethical considerations.Trial registration: Registry for International Development Impact Evaluations, RIDIE-STUDY-ID-626008898983a (20/04/22). ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN 78592382. Retrospectively registered on 17/08/2023, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN78592382.