bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous Administration of Hypertonic Glucose Solution to Prevent
Dizziness in Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Under General
Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Zhang Lei , Bu Xue-Shan , Qiao Qian-Qian , Ren Yi-Qiang , Yu Bo , Xiao Xing-Peng , Jia Yi-Fan , Xia Zhong-Yuan , Zhan Li-Ying , Yu Shi-Hua 
Published: January 2023

Background and Objective:
Dizziness is a common complication of gastrointestinal endoscopy
under general anesthesia. Dizziness is primarily caused by a lack of energy and blood volume
following fasting and water deprivation. Hypertonic glucose solution (HGS) is an intravenous
energy replenishment, that increases blood volume due to its hyperosmotic characteristics and can
be directly absorbed from blood circulation. This study aimed to HGS can prevent dizziness after
gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Methods:
This was a double-blind, randomized, controlled study. Eligible patients were randomly
allocated into two groups based on the intravenous agent administered before gastrointestinal
endoscopy: Group A, saline (0.9%; 20 mL); and group B, HGS (50%; 20 mL). Overall, 840
patients were included in the statistical analysis. The scores and incidence of dizziness were assessed.

Results:
The dizziness score were higher in group A than in group B (1.92 ± 0.08 vs. 0.92 ±
0.06; p < 0.01). The incidence of mild dizziness and moderate-to-severe dizziness was significantly
lower in group B than in group A (40.10% vs. 51.78% and 3.10% vs. 19.72%, respectively;
p < 0.01). The incidence and score of dizziness were significantly lower in males than in females
(30.81% vs. 51.82% and 0.64 ± 0.08 vs. 1.12 ± 0.08, respectively; p < 0.01) after pretreatment
with HGS.

Conclusion:
Pretreatment with HGS effectively prevents dizziness after gastrointestinal endoscopy
under general anesthesia. The mechanism of action is unclear but might be related to body energy
replacement and an increase in blood volume following HGS administration.
The registration number: ChiCTR1900020887.
Impact of Vitamin D on the Occurrence and Development of Intestinal
Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized
Controlled Trials
Authors: Liu Jiewei , Wang Yue , Zou Yanhong , Li Chunyu 
Published: January 2023

Aim:
To determine the impact of vitamin D on the occurrence and progression of intestinal
disorders, the authors of this study have conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background:
Vitamin D regulates inflammation and immunity in association with reducing the
disease symptoms of several gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases
(IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the
exact role of vitamin D in the occurrence and development of intestinal diseases is unclear so far.

Methodology:
The relevant studies were searched in PubMed and screened based on inclusion and
exclusion criteria. The quality of full-text studies was assessed using National Heart, Lung, and
Blood Institute (NIH) scale. The study was conducted as per the PRISMA guidelines. The overall
estimate was calculated in terms of risk ratio with a 95% confidence interval. The publication bias
was assessed qualitatively using a funnel plot, and heterogeneity among studies was calculated using
I2 statistics. All analyses were done using RevMan 5.0.

Results:
The overall risk ratio using random effect model was found to be 0.89 (0.70, 1.12), which
indicates the non-significant role of vitamin D in the occurrence and development of intestinal diseases
as compared to the non-vitamin D group. However, after exclusion of studies with low and
high sample sizes, a significant reduction in intestinal diseases was observed in the vitamin D
group as compared to the non-vitamin D group. Further, no heterogeneity among the studies was
observed.

Conclusion:
Based on available evidence, vitamin D might play a significant role in the reduction
of intestinal diseases; however, more studies with high sample sizes are required to draw a valid
conclusion.
Protein Nanoparticles Laden In situ Gel for Topical Ocular Drug Delivery
Authors: Pillai Archana Rajan , Prajapati Bijal , Dharamsi Abhay 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:Topical ocular delivery of drugs is most commonly preferred route by the patient and physician for the treatment of ocular diseases. The topical route is always followed with the disadvantages like tear turnover, nasolacrimal drainage, reduction in precorneal residence time, etc. To overcome these hindrances associated with topical ocular route, a novel drug delivery system is used for targeting the drug at a specific site. In the Novel Drug delivery System, protein-based nanoparticles are an attractive class of nanoparticles designed to deliver the drug at targeted site in slow and sustained release manner. They have a size in the range of 1-100 nm. Protein nanoparticles are leading, particularly for the topical ocular delivery like reduction in intra ocular pressure, providing sustained release and targeted drug delivery at the site of its action. Various methods are used for formulation of protein nanoparticles like desolvation, emulsification, complex coacervation, electrospray techniques. The characterization parameters include particle size, surface morphology, drug loading and entrapment efficiency. Protein nanoparticles can also be loaded in to the in situ gel forming polymers for increasing precorneal residence time of nanoparticles. The characterization parameters of in situ gelling systems are gelling time, rheological properties, gel strength. The review mainly describes the use of various proteins in preparation of protein nanoparticles, methods for preparation of protein nanoparticles, polymers used in in situ gelling system and evaluation as well as characterization parameters of protein nanoparticles, in situ gelling systems & patented information related to protein nanoparticles and in situ gelling system for ocular drug delivery.
Automatic Detection of Benign/Malignant Tumor in Breast Ultrasound Images using Optimal Features
Authors: Yang Yanyan , Liu Qiaojian , Dai Ting , Zhang Haijun 
Published: January 2023

Background:Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most severe diseases in women. Therefore, a premature diagnosis is necessary for timely detection and treatment execution. Clinical-level diagnosis of BC is normally performed with imaging techniques, and Ultrasound-Imaging (UI) is one of the noninvasive imaging techniques frequently executed to diagnose BC.Aims:This research aims to develop an efficient deep-learning framework to detect BC from UI with better accuracy.Methods:The executed method consists of the following stages: (i) Data collection and preprocessing, (ii) Deep-features mining with pre-trained VGG16, (iii) Image enhancement using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP), (iv) Firefly-algorithm (FA) supported feature reduction, and (v) Feature integration and classification.Results:The proposed work is tested and executed using 1680 test images (840 benign and 840 malignant) of dimension pixels and implements a binary classifier with 5-fold cross-validation to separate the UI database into the healthy/cancer class.Conclusion:This work implemented FA-supported feature reduction. Moreover, it was found that this scheme helps to achieve a classification accuracy of 98.21% with the KNN classifier.
The Custom R Group Enumeration with Various R Group Libraries at
Designated Sites on Amphotericin B
Authors: Mahor Ajay , Sawant Devesh M. , Goyal Amit K. 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Amphotericin B is a gold-standard drug, particularly for the treatment of
systemic fungal infections. However, its low solubility and permeability limit its application. To
improve its bioavailability, AmB may be conjugated with various water-soluble auxiliary groups.

Methods:
Custom R group Enumeration was used at the designated sites of Amphotericin B. The
designated sites taken into consideration are the carboxyl moiety of the aglycone part and the
amine moiety of the glycone part of Amphotericin B for Enumeration purposes. The enumerated
molecules were subjected to QikProp properties.

Results:
We identified fourteen hits with improved predicted aqueous solubility and cell permeability.

Conclusion:
Enumeration might be applicable in improving bioavailability, which could lead to
the oral formulation of the Amphotericin B drug.
Molecular Docking, ADMET Analysis and Molecular Dynamics (MD)
Simulation to Identify Synthetic Isoquinolines as Potential Inhibitors of
SARS-CoV-2 MPRO
Authors: dos Santos Correia Paulo Ricardo , de Souza Alesson Henrique Donato , Chaparro Andres Reyes , Tenorio Barajas Aldo Yair , Porto Ricardo Silva 
Published: January 2023

Background:
The rapidly widespread SARS-CoV-2 infection has affected millions
worldwide, thus becoming a global health emergency. Although vaccines are already available,
there are still new COVID-19 cases daily worldwide, mainly due to low immunization coverage
and the advent of new strains. Therefore, there is an utmost need for the discovery of lead compounds
to treat COVID-19.

Objective:
Considering the relevance of the SARS-CoV-2 MPRO in viral replication and the role
of the isoquinoline moiety as a core part of several biologically relevant compounds, this study
aimed to identify isoquinoline-based molecules as new drug-like compounds, aiming to develop
an effective coronavirus inhibitor.

Methods:
274 isoquinoline derivatives were submitted to molecular docking interactions with
SARS-CoV-2 MPRO (PDB ID: 7L0D) and drug-likeness analysis. The five best-docked isoquinoline
derivatives that did not violate any of Lipinski’s or Veber’s parameters were submitted to
ADMET analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.

Results:
The selected compounds exhibited docking scores similar to or better than chloroquine
and other isoquinolines previously reported. The fact that the compounds interact with residues
that are pivotal for the enzyme's catalytic activity, and show the potential to be orally administered
makes them promising drugs for treating COVID-19.

Conclusion:
Ultimately, MD simulation was performed to verify ligand-protein complex stability
during the simulation period.
A Patent Review on Cardiotoxicity of Anticancerous Drugs
Authors: Bhadana Renu , Rani Vibha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is an increasing concern and it is critical to avoid
heart dysfunction induced by medications used in various cancers. Dysregulated cardiomyocyte
homeostasis is a critical phenomenon of drug-induced cardiotoxicity, which hinders the cardiac
tissue's natural physiological function. Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is responsible for various heart
disorders such as myocardial infarction, myocardial hypertrophy, and arrhythmia, among others.
Chronic cardiac stress due to drug toxicity restricts the usage of cancer medications. Anticancer
medications can cause a variety of adverse effects, especially cardiovascular toxicity. This review
is focused on anticancerous drugs anthracyclines, trastuzumab, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
medications (NSAIDs), and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and associated pathways attributed
to the drug-induced cardiotoxicity. Several factors responsible for enhanced cardiotoxicity are
age, gender specificity, diseased conditions, and therapy are also discussed. The review also highlighted
the patents assigned for different methodologies involved in the assessment and reducing
cardiotoxicity. Recent advancements where the usage of trastuzumab and bevacizumab have
caused cardiac dysfunction and their effects alone or in combination on cardiac cells are explained.
Extensive research on patents associated with protection against cardiotoxicity has shown that
chemicals like bis(dioxopiperazine)s and manganese compounds were cardioprotective when
combined with other selected anticancerous drugs. Numerous patents are associated with druginduced
toxicity, prevention, and diagnosis, that may aid in understanding the current issues and
developing novel therapies with safer cardiovascular outcomes. Also, the advancements in technology
and research going on are yet to be explored to overcome the present issue of cardiotoxicity
with the development of new drug formulations.
Comparative Study of Routing Protocols for IoT Networks
Authors: Verma Ankit , Deswal Suman 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
The Internet of things (IoT) is widely used for communication between portable and intelligent
heterogeneous devices, like laptops, smartphones, computers, etc. IoT networks are popular
in the modern era because they allow data to be exchanged anywhere when connected to the internet.
IoT networks have several challenges, including those related to routing, connectivity, privacy, security,
and other issues. The major challenge is routing in terms of choosing the best route for sharing
data in IoT networks; IoT routing algorithms use more time and energy.
In this paper, we review relevent literature and patents and also various routing approaches are categorized
into groups, like multicast, clustering, emergency application, traffic, location, tree, and
residual energy based approach, and they are compared based on several parameters, like energy
consumption, network lifetime, path length, packet delivery ratio, and network latency.
In terms of performance metrics, like energy consumption, network lifetime, reliability, efficiency,
and packet delivery ratio, the comparison shows that Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy
Networks (RPL), Efficient Tree-based Self-organizing Protocol (ETSP), Collection Tree Protocol
(CTP), and Fast Multi-constrained Multicast Routing Algorithms (FAMOUS) are the best protocols.
The best approach is a tree-based one since it solves the larger problem in the hierarchy with the
least amount of time complexity.
Discovering the Potential of Plants in Wound Healing: A Mechanistic Review
Authors: Agarwal Shweta , Durvasha Ishan , Sharma Mehak 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Plants are admired for their taste, fragrance, and therapeutic characteristics. Herbs are used in multiple traditions, including cooking, medicine, and spirituality. Medicinal plants have been used to treat a number of illnesses and disorders from ancient times to the present day. The main reason for this is that therapeutic plants have no negative side effects. With a diverse spectrum of plant species and widespread access to traditional medical practices, India is one of the world's largest biodiversity reservoirs. According to WHO data and other relevant sources, herbal medicinal products are used by more than 80% of the world's population. The goal of this review article is to describe the importance of herbal agents in therapeutics, such as the use of crude plant extract for the medicinal purpose. Complex interaction of blood cells, tissues, soluble mediators, cytokines, and numerous growth factors is required for wound healing, whether it is accidental or surgical. Plants have enormous potential for wound management and therapy, as well as regeneration of damaged tissues, due to the presence of a variety of useful active phytoconstituents. This review presents comprehensive data on some important plants and their extracts used in wound healing along with their mechanism of action and the scientific research reported on these plants.
A Review on Anticancer Profile of Flavonoids: Sources, Chemistry,
Mechanisms, Structure-activity Relationship and Anticancer Activity
Authors: Nayak Surendra Kumar , Shah Suprava , Narang Rakesh , Singh Vikram Jeet , Pilli Govindaiah 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Epidemiological studies have suggested that a regular intake of flavonoids
is beneficial for cellular homeostasis and in the prevention of the transformation of normal cells
into cancerous cells. Because of their multiple biological targets, flavonoids have been studied and
investigated as phytoconstituents with potential anticancer properties. Flavonoids interfere in the
development of cancerous cells by inhibition of topoisomerases, protein kinases, angiogenesis,
induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, modulation of multidrug resistance, and improvement in
anti-oxidative activities. The current review summarizes the anticancer properties of flavonoids
along with the key structural features and their mechanisms. The present study provides a detailed
analysis of anticancer activities with previously published data on different flavonoids. The review
highlighted the structural aspects and mechanism of action of flavonoids with their potential target
sites. Flavonoids induce anticancer activity by protein kinases inhibition, P-gp modulation, antiangiogenesis,
topoisomerases inhibition, etc. Open ring C, the double bond between C2-C3, the
oxo group at C4, and the position of ring B are crucial determinants for their anticancer activity.
Flavonoids act by multiple mechanisms but further studies on target selectivity and specificity of
flavonoids are necessary to establish them as anticancer therapeutics. The presence of a C2-C3
double bond and oxo group at C4 (also known as an enone moiety) or -OH in the neighbour of a
double bond that can transform easily into an enone are common features present in flavonoids.
Thus, it can be concluded that enone moiety or its precursor groups are mainly responsible for the
anticancer activities of flavonoids via different mechanisms of action.

Results:
Flavonoids induce anticancer activity by protein kinases inhibition, P-gp modulation, anti-angiogenesis, topoisomerases inhibition, etc. Open ring C, the double bond between C2-C3, the oxo group at C4, and the position of ring B are crucial determinants for their anticancer activity. Flavonoids act by multiple mechanisms but further studies on target selectivity and specificity of flavonoids are necessary to establish them as anticancer therapeutics.
Patients’ Information Needs Related to a Monitoring Implant for Heart Failure: Co-designed Study Based on Affect Stories
Authors: Davat Ambre , Martin-Juchat Fabienne 
Published: January 2023

Background
RealWorld4Clinic is a European consortium that is currently developing an implantable monitoring device for acute heart failure prevention.

Objective
This study aimed to identify the main issues and information needs related to this new cardiac implant from the patients’ perspective.

Methods
A total of 3 patient collaborators were recruited to help us design the study. During 4 remotely held meetings (each lasting for 2 hours), we defined the main questions and hypotheses together. Next, 26 additional interviews were conducted remotely to test these hypotheses. During both phases, we used affect stories, which are life narratives focusing on affect and the relationship between patients and the care ecosystem, to highlight the main social issues that should be addressed by the research according to the patients.

Results
Context of diagnosis, age, and severity of illness strongly influence patient experience. However, these variables do not seem to influence the choice regarding being implanted, which relies mostly on the individual patient’s trust in their physicians. It seems that the major cause of anxiety for the patient is not the implant but the disease itself, although some people may initially be concerned over the idea of becoming a cyborg. Remote monitoring of cardiac implants should draw on existing remote disease management programs focusing on a long-term relationship between the patient and their medical team.

Conclusions
Co-design with affect stories is a useful method for quickly identifying the main social issues related to information about a new health technology.
A Mental Health and Well-Being Chatbot: User Event Log Analysis
Authors: Booth Frederick , Potts Courtney , Bond Raymond , Mulvenna Maurice , Kostenius Catrine , Dhanapala Indika , Vakaloudis Alex , Cahill Brian , Kuosmanen Lauri , Ennis Edel 
Published: January 2023

Background
Conversational user interfaces, or chatbots, are becoming more popular in the realm of digital health and well-being. While many studies focus on measuring the cause or effect of a digital intervention on people’s health and well-being (outcomes), there is a need to understand how users really engage and use a digital intervention in the real world.

Objective
In this study, we examine the user logs of a mental well-being chatbot called ChatPal, which is based on the concept of positive psychology. The aim of this research is to analyze the log data from the chatbot to provide insight into usage patterns, the different types of users using clustering, and associations between the usage of the app’s features.

Methods
Log data from ChatPal was analyzed to explore usage. A number of user characteristics including user tenure, unique days, mood logs recorded, conversations accessed, and total number of interactions were used with k-means clustering to identify user archetypes. Association rule mining was used to explore links between conversations.

Results
ChatPal log data revealed 579 individuals older than 18 years used the app with most users being female (n=387, 67%). User interactions peaked around breakfast, lunchtime, and early evening. Clustering revealed 3 groups including “abandoning users” (n=473), “sporadic users” (n=93), and “frequent transient users” (n=13). Each cluster had distinct usage characteristics, and the features were significantly different (P<.001) across each group. While all conversations within the chatbot were accessed at least once by users, the “treat yourself like a friend” conversation was the most popular, which was accessed by 29% (n=168) of users. However, only 11.7% (n=68) of users repeated this exercise more than once. Analysis of transitions between conversations revealed strong links between “treat yourself like a friend,” “soothing touch,” and “thoughts diary” among others. Association rule mining confirmed these 3 conversations as having the strongest linkages and suggested other associations between the co-use of chatbot features.

Conclusions
This study has provided insight into the types of people using the ChatPal chatbot, patterns of use, and associations between the usage of the app’s features, which can be used to further develop the app by considering the features most accessed by users.
Characteristics, completion and publication of PROSPERO records in regional anesthesia for acute perioperative pain
Authors: Carev Martina , Čivljak Marta , Puljak Livia , Došenović Svjetlana 
Published: January 2023

Aim:
We analyzed characteristics and completion status of Systematic Reviews (SRs) about regional anesthesia for acute perioperative pain relief registered in PROSPERO.
Materials & methods:
PROSPERO was searched on 5 January 2022. Characteristics of PROSPERO records, completion status and publication information were extracted. PubMed and Google Scholar were searched by 31 May 2022, for additional published SRs. The inconsistency of PROSPERO records' status was analyzed by comparing the most recent PROSPERO status with subsequent publication of completed SR. Time-to-publication was calculated.
Results:
Almost half of 174 included PROSPERO records (49%) were registered in 2021. A median of 3 (IQR: 2–4.75) authors, and a search of 4 information sources (IQR: 3–5) was planned. At first registration, 51 (29%) records had already started or completed formal screening. PROSPERO records included mostly adults (48%) undergoing trunk blocks (56%), with pain intensity (74%) as a main outcome. 147 (84%) PROSPERO records had a status “ongoing”. Yet, 71 (41%) PROSPERO records were completed SRs, published after a median of 291 days. Inconsistency in status was found in 34% of PROSPERO records.
Conclusion:
Despite an increase in PROSPERO registrations about regional anesthesia, most were not published, and a third had inaccurate status.