bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of phosphate fertilizers on the radioactivity of agricultural soils and tobacco plants in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda
Authors: Mwalongo Dennis A. , Haneklaus Nils H. , Carvalho Fernando P. , Lisuma Jacob B. , Kivevele Thomas T. , Mtei Kelvin M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThree brands of NPK fertilizers that contain variable concentrations of natural radioactivity are commonly used in tobacco plantations in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Tobacco plants are known for hyper-accumulation of natural radionuclides, particularly 238U. This study investigated if the elevated radioactivity in phosphate fertilizers could enhance radioactivity in soils and tobacco plant leaves. The 232Th, 238U, and 40K radionuclide levels in NPK-fertilized soils and tobacco leaves were measured using gamma-ray spectroscopy. The research included a one-year reference experiment with tobacco growing in plots, a ten-year semi-controlled experiment in well-managed tobacco farms, and a field survey of radioactivity in soils and tobacco leaves at three traditional tobacco fields in Migori (Kenya), Urambo (Tanzania), and Kanungu (Uganda). The findings demonstrated that soils and tobacco leaves exposed to NPK fertilizers with increased radioactivity had activity concentrations of 232Th, 238U, and 40K that were considerably higher (at all sites) than in the control samples (with no use of NPK fertilizers). As the continued application of NPK fertilizers raises concentrations of 232Th, 238U, and 40K in agricultural soils, the study assessed radiological risks for humans from exposure to agricultural soils enriched with phosphate fertilizers, and it was found to be below the exposure limit of 1 mSvy-1 suggested by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). However, tobacco consumers, both by snuffing and smoking, may face significant radiological risks, as the snuffing and smoking resulted in effective doses that were 2.41 to 6.53 and 1.14 to 2.45 times greater than the average yearly dose that the general public receives from inhalation of natural radionuclides (United Nations Scientific Committee on Atomic Radiations estimates). Furthermore, the results indicate that the lifetime excess cancer risk for tobacco snuffers and smokers ranged from 5 × 10-5 to 24.48 × 10-3 and 2.0 × 10-5 to 9.18 × 10-3, respectively. The influence of phosphorus-derived fertilizer containing relatively high natural radioactivity, potential human radiation exposure, and radiological risk due to gamma radionuclides is estimated and discussed. The results reveal that applying phosphate fertilizers enhances natural radioactivity in soil and is subsequently influenced by soil to tobacco plant uptake. Therefore, the study recommends that countries use fertilizers with lower radionuclide content to conserve soil quality and reduce gamma-emitting radionuclides in tobacco plants.
MORE: simultaneous multi-view 3D object recognition and pose estimation
Authors: Parisotto Tommaso , Mukherjee Subhaditya , Kasaei Hamidreza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSimultaneous object recognition and pose estimation are two key functionalities for robots to safely interact with humans as well as environments. Although both object recognition and pose estimation use visual input, most state of the art tackles them as two separate problems since the former needs a view-invariant representation, while object pose estimation necessitates a view-dependent description. Nowadays, multi-view convolutional neural network (MVCNN) approaches show state-of-the-art classification performance. Although MVCNN object recognition has been widely explored, there has been very little research on multi-view object pose estimation methods, and even less on addressing these two problems simultaneously. The pose of virtual cameras in MVCNN methods is often pre-defined in advance, leading to bound the application of such approaches. In this paper, we propose an approach capable of handling object recognition and pose estimation simultaneously. In particular, we develop a deep object-agnostic entropy estimation model, capable of predicting the best viewpoints of a given 3D object. The obtained views of the object are then fed to the network to simultaneously predict the pose and category label of the target object. Experimental results showed that the views obtained from such positions are descriptive enough to achieve a good accuracy score. Furthermore, we designed a real-life serve drink scenario to demonstrate how well the proposed approach worked in real robot tasks. Code is available online at: https://github.com/SubhadityaMukherjee/more_mvcnn.
Relationship Between Unmet Social Needs and Care Access in a Veteran Cohort
Authors: Gurewich Deborah , Linsky Amy M. , Harvey Kimberly L. , Li Mingfei , Griesemer Ida , MacLaren Risette Z. , Ostrow Rory , Mohr David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe association between unmet social needs (e.g., food insecurity) and adverse health outcomes is well-established, especially for patients with and at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This has motivated healthcare systems to focus on unmet social needs. Yet, little is known about the mechanisms by which unmet social needs impact health, which limits healthcare-based intervention design and evaluation. One conceptual framework posits that unmet social needs may impact health by limiting care access, but this remains understudied.ObjectiveExamine the relationship between unmet social needs and care access.DesignCross-sectional study design using survey data on unmet needs merged with administrative data from the Veterans Health Administration (VA) Corporate Data Warehouse (September 2019–March 2021) and multivariable models to predict care access outcomes. Pooled and separate rural and urban logistic regression models were utilized with adjustments from sociodemographics, region, and comorbidity.SubjectsA national stratified random sample of VA-enrolled Veterans with and at risk for CVD who responded to the survey.Main MeasuresNo-show appointments were defined dichotomously as patients with one or more missed outpatient visits. Medication non-adherence was measured as proportion of days covered and defined dichotomously as adherence less than 80%.Key ResultsGreater burden of unmet social needs was associated with significantly higher odds of no-show appointments (OR = 3.27, 95% CI = 2.43, 4.39) and medication non-adherence (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.19, 2.13), with similar associations observed for rural and urban Veterans. Social disconnection and legal needs were especially strong predictors of care access measures.ConclusionsFindings suggest that unmet social needs may adversely impact care access. Findings also point to specific unmet social needs that may be especially impactful and thus might be prioritized for interventions, in particular social disconnection and legal needs.
Anomie-Erleben, subjektiver Kontrollverlust und rechtspopulistischer Protest. Das Beispiel PEGIDA
Authors: Reuband Karl-Heinz 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungUntersucht wird, wie sich die Teilnehmer am Protest rechtspopulistischer Bewegungen von der Bevölkerung in ihrem Anomie-Erleben – verstanden als Orientierungslosigkeit – und Kontrollüberzeugungen unterscheiden, und wie sehr Anomie und Kontrollüberzeugungen Ethnozentrismus und „Law and Order“-Orientierungen beeinflussen. Grundlage sind Befragungen unter Teilnehmern des PEGIDA-Protests in Dresden (2015/16) sowie Bevölkerungsbefragungen in Dresden und Düsseldorf (2014). Während sich die PEGIDA-Befragten von der Bevölkerung durch höhere Grade an Anomie unterschieden, erwiesen sie sich in ihren Kontrollüberzeugungen als ähnlich. Sowohl bei den PEGIDA-Befragten als auch bei der Bevölkerung begünstigten Anomie und internale Kontrollüberzeugung Ethnozentrismus sowie „Law and Order“-Orientierungen.
Total knee arthroplasty in pigmented villonodular synovitis osteoarthritis: a systematic review of literature
Authors: Panciera A. , Colangelo A. , Di Martino A. , Ferri R. , Bulzacki Bogucki B. D. , Cecchin D. , Brunello M. , Benvenuti L. , Digennaro V. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis (PVNS) is a proliferative disease arising from the synovial membrane, mainly affects large joints such as the knee (almost 80% of total). Prostheses implanted in PVNS osteoarthritis show a higher revision rate when compared to primary osteoarthritis, due to the recurrence of disease and the overall surgical complications. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize and compare indications, clinical and functional outcomes, disease-related and surgical-related complications of total knee arthroplasty in PVNS osteoarthritis.

Materials and methods
A systematic review of the literature was performed with a primary search on Medline through PubMed. The PRISMA 2009 flowchart and checklist were used to edit the review. Screened studies had to provide preoperative diagnosis, previous treatments, main treatment, concomitant strategies, mean follow-up, outcomes and complications to be included in the review.

Results
A total of 8 articles were finally included. Most of papers reported the use of non-constrained design implants, mainly posterior stabilized (PS) and in case of PVNS with extensive joint involvement implants with higher degree of constraint to obtain a fulfilling balancing. Recurrence of PVNS has been indicated as the major complication, followed by aseptic loosening of the implant and difficult post-operative course with an increased risk of stiffness.

Conclusion
Total knee arthroplasty represents a valid treatment for patients with PVNS end-stage osteoarthritis, with good clinical and functional results, even in longer follow-up. It would be advisable a multidisciplinary management and a meticulous rehabilitation and monitoring following the procedure, to reduce the emergence of recurrence and overall complications.
Do Meditation, Mindfulness, and Self-Compassion Impact Utilitarian Moral Judgment?
Authors: Paruzel-Czachura Mariola , Kocur Dagna 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Meditation practices, mindfulness, and self-compassion have been found to affect our physical and mental well-being in many ways. However, can they also affect our moral judgment, for example, what we think about right and wrong? This study aims to explore the potential influence of meditation, mindfulness and self-compassion on utilitarian moral judgments.

Method
In Study 1 (n = 316), we measured participants’ frequency of meditation, their level of mindfulness, self-compassion, and their utilitarian moral judgment through two well-known moral dilemmas (switch and bridge) and using a two-dimensional model of moral psychology (the Oxford Utilitarianism Scale with negative, i.e., instrumental harm, and positive, i.e., impartial beneficence dimensions). In Study 2 (n = 41), we conducted a psychological 8-week mindfulness course and measured the same variables as in Study 1 before and after the course.

Results
In Study 1, we observed that participants who meditated more often exhibited lower levels of instrumental harm. In Study 2, we found that participants had a lower level of impartial beneficence after the 8-week mindfulness course.

Conclusions
Practices such as meditation may be related to moral judgment, specifically to lower acceptance of harming others (instrumental harm), but they may also reduce the concern for the welfare of as many people as possible (impartial beneficence). Further research is needed to understand better if and how moral judgments may change when people meditate and develop their mindfulness and self-compassion.

Preregistration
The studies were not pre-registered.
A Spanish dancer? No! A troupe of dancers: a review of the family Hexabranchidae Bergh, 1891 (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia, Nudibranchia)
Authors: Tibiriçá Yara , Pola Marta , Pittman Cory , Gosliner Terrence M. , Malaquias Manuel A. , Cervera Juan Lucas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractColor ontogeny and variations associated with discrete morphological differences may generate taxonomical challenges, which requires multiple data types and in-depth historical review. The nudibranch known as the Spanish dancer, Hexabranchus sanguineus, is a classic example with over 200 years of taxonomic confusion. Currently, H. sanguineus is accepted by most authors as a single species from the Indo-Pacific Ocean with Hexabranchus morsomus as a valid species from the Atlantic Ocean. Yet, despite these species being highly studied, their systematic status remains debatable. Over 30 synonyms have been proposed for H. sanguineus and even a distinct genus for H. morsomus. Here we provide, for the first time, a comprehensive review of all proposed names and an integrative taxonomic revision of the genus including morphological and molecular data. Our results reveal that H. sanguineus is a complex of five species: four previously described and an undescribed species, one of the largest nudibranchs in the world: Hexabranchus giganteus sp. nov. The genus Caribranchus is considered a junior synonym of Hexabranchus Ehrenberg, 1828 and the ontogeny of color pattern is discussed.
Critique of pure Bayesian cognitive science: A view from the philosophy of science
Authors: Crupi Vincenzo , Calzavarini Fabrizio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBayesian approaches to human cognition have been extensively advocated in the last decades, but sharp objections have been raised too within cognitive science. In this paper, we outline a diagnosis of what has gone wrong with the prevalent strand of Bayesian cognitive science (here labelled pure Bayesian cognitive science), relying on selected illustrations from the psychology of reasoning and tools from the philosophy of science. Bayesians’ reliance on so-called method of rational analysis is a key point of our discussion. We tentatively conclude on a constructive note, though: an appropriately modified variant of Bayesian cognitive science can still be coherently pursued, as some scholars have noted.
Synthesis and characterization of tungsten trioxide (WO3) as photocatalyst against wastewater pollutants
Authors: Aldrees Ali , Khan Hayat , Alzahrani Abdulaziz , Dan’azumi Salisu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, crash precipitation technique was employed to synthesize a visible light-responsive tungsten trioxide (WO3) photocatalyst using ammonium paratungstate as tungsten precursor. The spray-dried (120 °C) and calcined (600 °C) WO3 powder was characterized by analyzing methods of XRD, PSD, BET and BJH, Raman, FESEM/EDX, FTIR, UV–vis DRS and XPS spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman studies confirm the well crystalline monoclinic crystal structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed micron-sized spherical bulks of WO3 particles with needle-like morphology. A normal distribution with a d50 (median diameter) value of 6.0 μm was observed with particle size analysis. Much enhanced BET surface area of 102 g/m2 with wide pore size 1.8 nm is measured compared to commercially available WO3 that results in increased pollutants surface adsorption. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study demonstrated that the calcined sample surface is enriched with bonded hydroxyl groups, beneficial for powder particles activity. Photocatalyst band gap was calculated by considering the absorbance measurements recorded on UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The energy value of 2.6 eV was calculated which lies in the visible light region while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed 6 + oxidation state for tungsten. Bulk WO3 sphere photocatalytic activity was evaluated through the exertion of synthetic textile methylene blue (MB) dye and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) pharmaceutical antibiotic. The obtained activity results showed 85% and 100% degradation for MB and SMX under 100 min visible light irradiation. We expect that our work may provide a new sample for energy production (H2) through water photolysis, gas sensing and soft matter research.
The ESSU concept for designing, modeling and auditing ecosystem service provision in intercropping and agroforestry systems. A review
Authors: Rafflegeau Sylvain , Gosme Marie , Barkaoui Karim , Garcia Léo , Allinne Clémentine , Deheuvels Olivier , Grimaldi Juliette , Jagoret Patrick , Lauri Pierre-Éric , Merot Anne , Metay Aurélie , Reyes Francesco , Saj Stéphane , Curry George Nicolas , Justes Eric 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuru et al. (Agron Sustain Dev 35:1259-1281, 2015) highlighted a missing tool for studying and improving the performance of cropping systems in the transition to highly diversified agriculture. In response, this paper proposes a concept for designing, modeling, monitoring, and auditing desired ecosystem services, in intercropping and agroforestry systems. We have labelled this concept ESSU (Ecosystem Services functional Spatial Unit). It delimits the smallest spatial unit encompassing all the interacting species and other functional components (e.g., crops, trees, livestock, spontaneous vegetation, semi-natural habitats such as hedges, ditches, forest patches, and animals) that together provide a specified set of ecosystem services. The novel ESSU concept allows representation of an entire diversified agroecosystem by the repetition of the spatial unit that provides the same sets of targeted ecosystem services as the agroecosystem it represents. It can then be used for various activities, such as the (i) design of more efficient agroecological systems according to the targeted ecosystem services; (ii) rapid audit of farming practices for biodiversity/resilience across large tracts of farmland as part of achieving Sustainable Development Goal 2 targets of sustainable food systems; and (iii) modeling such diversified agroecosystems using a motif adapted to represent the targeted ecosystem services and the species spacing design. We demonstrate that the ESSU concept is highly flexible and applicable to a wide range of diversified agroecosystems, like arable intercropping, crop-tree intercropping, tree-tree agroforestry, and agro-pastoralism. We also show its relevance and suitability for representing temporal changes over 1 year, across several years, and over decades, indicating its generalizability and flexibility. We argue that ESSU could open new theoretical and practical research avenues for the study of diversified agroecosystems. Considered with all the knowledge available on practices, biodiversity, and ecosystem services, ESSU might provide a learning-support tool to fill the knowledge gap about relationships among practices, biodiversity, and associated ecosystem services.
Advancing reliability assessment of venue-reference social media data for enhanced domestic tourism development
Authors: Vu Huy Quan , Miah Shah Jahan , Xia Haiyang , Li Gang , Muskat Birgit , Law Rob 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe aim of this research is to assess the reliability of venue check-in data. We focus on resident mobility and assess how venue check-in data can provide valuable insights into residents’ movement in tourist destinations. Understanding resident’s mobility and related activities is necessary for strategic planning and decision making for destination managers. Venue-referenced social media data (VR-SMD) is a new type of data and can provide insights into resident’s mobility and behavior. While VR-SMD is available on various social media platforms, their reliability to capture resident movement and activities has not been fully realized. We present an analytical approach to assess and demonstrate how VR-SMD, specifically venue check-in data, can be used to capture resident mobility and activities, with illustrative examples from the United States of America, United Kingdom, and Singapore. Results and analysis indicate that tourism managers and government organizations can exploit VR-SMD for domestic tourism development.
Unfulfilled Needs in the Detection, Diagnosis, Monitoring, Treatment, and Understanding of Glaucoma in Blacks Globally
Authors: Adebayo Ayobami , Laroche Daniel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Glaucoma is an ophthalmic disorder that affects a significant number of Blacks globally. A leading cause of this condition is an age-related enlargement of the lens and increased intraocular pressure. Although Blacks are affected by glaucoma at a higher rate than their Caucasian counterparts, there remains a lack of emphasis placed on the detection, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of glaucoma in this population. Education regarding glaucoma in the African and African American populations is essential to reducing rates of glaucoma-related visual impairment and improving treatment success. In this article, we highlight specific issues and limitations to the management of glaucoma, which affects Blacks at a higher rate. In addition, we also review the backgrounds of Blacks globally and examine historical events that have contributed to financial inequality and wealth/health disparities affecting glaucoma management. Lastly, we suggest reparations and solutions that health care professionals can use to improve glaucoma screening and management.
Frictional behavior of quartz gouge during slide-hold-slide considering normal stress oscillation
Authors: Tao Kang , Dang Wengang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSlide-hold-slide (SHS) test is an essential experimental approach for studying the frictional stability of faults. The origin SHS framework was established based on a consistent constant normal stress, which cannot truly reflect the stress disturbance around fault zones. In this paper, we conducted a series of ‘dynamic SHS tests’, which includes normal stress oscillations in the relaxation stage with different oscillation amplitudes and frequencies on synthetic quartz gouge using a double direct shear assembly. The experimental results reveal that the amplitude of the normal load oscillation has a remarkable effect on the frictional relaxation and healing patterns. However, the frequency of the normal load oscillation has a minor effect. Additionally, the shear loading rate is proportional to the normal loading rate during the relaxation stage, and the normal stiffness of the quartz layer remains nearly constant under various loading conditions. The creep rate during the hold phase is not obviously affected by the normal load oscillation, while the precursory slip is also sensitive to the oscillation amplitude. This study provides insights into the evolution of frictional stability in discontinuities and is beneficial for controlling relative disasters in fault zones.