bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk effects of GM corn: Evidence from crop insurance outcomes and high‐dimensional methods
Authors: Aglasan Serkan , Goodwin Barry K. , Rejesus Roderick M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study evaluates whether genetically modified (GM) corn hybrids with rootworm resistant traits (GM‐RW) have lower yield risk. A crop insurance actuarial performance measure, the loss cost ratio (LCR), is used to represent yield risk. High‐dimensional methods are utilized in this study to maintain parsimony in the empirical specification, and facilitate estimation. Specifically, we employ the Cluster‐Lasso (cluster‐least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) procedure. This method produces uniformly valid inference on the main variable of interest (i.e., the GM‐RW variable) in a high‐dimensional panel data setting even in the presence of heteroskedastic, non‐Gaussian, and clustered error structures. After controlling for a large set of potential weather confounders using Cluster‐Lasso, we find consistent evidence that GM corn hybrids with rootworm resistant traits have lower yield risk.
Effect of difference in training skills on stress in horses trained by Kazakh trainers
Authors: Kimura Rikako , Borankulova Samal , Maratbek Suleimenov Zh. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of differences in trainer skills on horse training during the early stages of riding habituation by measuring the levels of stress and changes in stress levels. Among nine untrained horses employed, five in Group A were trained by two low‐skilled trainers, whereas the remaining four in Group B were trained by two high‐skilled trainers using the traditional Kazakh method. Salivary α‐amylase concentration was measured as a biomarker of stress immediately before and after each riding session during the training period. In the duration of riding and mooring times to the total riding habituation time for each horse, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. In contrast, the mean total stress and mean final stress were significantly lower in Group B than in Group A, and the mean total change in stress before and after riding habituation was significantly higher in Group B. Differences in trainer skills were evidenced as differences in training methods to suppress the total stress levels through differences in the application of stress burden during the training of individual horses.
Assessing inequities in unmet oral care needs among adults in Sweden: An intersectional approach
Authors: Anticona Cynthia , Lif Holgerson Pernilla , Gustafsson Per E 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe goal of the Swedish oral healthcare system is to achieve good oral health and equitable access to care for the entire population. However, considerable inequities in oral health and care are evident and occur across a range of social dimensions. This study uses an intersectional approach to examine complex inequities in unmet oral care needs among adults in Sweden over the period 2004–2021.MethodsData were obtained from 14 Health on Equal Terms surveys conducted during 2004–2021. The final sample was 129 473 individuals aged 26–84 years. Applying intersectional analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy, inequities in unmet oral care needs were estimated across 48 intersectional strata defined by gender, age, educational level, individual disposable income and immigrant status.ResultsA high risk of unmet oral care needs was found among strata consisting of immigrants and those with low income. However, being an immigrant and/or having a low income did not universally entail a high risk but varied by the social position along other axes, particularly age and education. The discriminatory accuracy was moderate.ConclusionGroups with certain social disadvantages are highly heterogeneous themselves. An intersectionality approach is important to prevent the risk of stigmatizing large heterogenous groups while failing to identify the most vulnerable strata. The discriminatory accuracy analysis suggested that further policy and/or interventions may be the most effective if approaching the whole population, combined with selected targeted interventions directed at the most disadvantaged social strata.
Baseline free water within the visual processing system predicts future psychosis in Parkinson disease
Authors: Li Guanglu , Zhu Jiajia , Wu Xingqi , Liu Tingting , Hu Panpan , Tian Yanghua , Wang Kai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeAs psychosis is associated with decreased quality of life, increased institutionalization, and mortality in Parkinson disease (PD), it is essential to identify individuals at risk for future psychosis. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate whether diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics of white matter hold independent utility for predicting future psychosis in PD, and whether they could be combined with clinical predictors to improve the prognostication of PD psychosis.MethodsThis study included 123 newly diagnosed PD patients collected in the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative. Tract‐based spatial statistics were used to compare baseline DTI metrics between PD patients who developed psychosis and those who did not during follow‐up. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the clinical and white matter markers predictive of psychosis.ResultsAmong DTI measures, both higher baseline whole brain (odds ratio [OR] = 1.711, p = 0.016) free water (FW) and visual processing system (OR = 1.680, p < 0.001) FW were associated with an increased risk of future psychosis. Baseline FW remained a significant indicator of future psychosis in PD after controlling for clinical predictors. Moreover, the accuracy of prediction of psychosis using clinical predictors alone (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.742, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.655–0.816) was significantly improved by the addition of the visual processing system FW (AUC = 0.856, 95% CI = 0.781–0.912; Delong method, p = 0.022).ConclusionsBaseline FW of the visual processing system incurs an independent risk of future psychosis in PD, thus providing an opportunity for multiple‐modality marker models to include a white matter marker.
Are Mediterranean marine threatened species at high risk by climate change?
Authors: Chatzimentor Anastasia , Doxa Aggeliki , Katsanevakis Stelios , Mazaris Antonios D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRapid anthropogenic climate change is driving threatened biodiversity one step closer to extinction. Effects on native biodiversity are determined by an interplay between species' exposure to climate change and their specific ecological and life‐history characteristics that render them even more susceptible. Impacts on biodiversity have already been reported, however, a systematic risk evaluation of threatened marine populations is lacking. Here, we employ a trait‐based approach to assess the risk of 90 threatened marine Mediterranean species to climate change, combining species' exposure to increased sea temperature and intrinsic vulnerability. One‐quarter of the threatened marine biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea is predicted to be under elevated levels of climate risk, with various traits identified as key vulnerability traits. High‐risk taxa including sea turtles, marine mammals, Anthozoa and Chondrichthyes are highlighted. Climate risk, vulnerability and exposure hotspots are distributed along the Western Mediterranean, Alboran, Aegean, and Adriatic Seas. At each Mediterranean marine ecoregion, 21%–31% of their threatened species have high climate risk. All Mediterranean marine protected areas host threatened species with high risk to climate change, with 90% having a minimum of 4 up to 19 species of high climate risk, making the objective of a climate‐smart conservation strategy a crucial task for immediate planning and action. Our findings aspire to offer new insights for systematic, spatially strategic planning and prioritization of vulnerable marine life in the face of accelerating climate change.
Yield performance of 14 novel inter‐ and intra‐species Miscanthus hybrids across Europe
Authors: Awty‐Carroll Danny , Magenau Elena , Al Hassan Mohamad , Martani Enrico , Kontek Mislav , van der Pluijm Philip , Ashman Chris , de Maupeou Emmanuel , McCalmont Jon , Petrie Gert‐Jan , Davey Chris , van der Cruijsen Kasper , Jurišić Vanja , Amaducci Stefano , Lamy Isabelle , Shepherd Anita , Kam Jason , Hoogendam Annick , Croci Michele , Dolstra Oene , Ferrarini Andrea , Lewandowski Iris , Trindade Luisa M. , Kiesel Andreas , Clifton‐Brown John 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMiscanthus, a C4 perennial rhizomatous grass from Asia is a leading candidate for the supply of sustainable biomass needed to grow the bioeconomy. European Miscanthus breeding programmes have recently produced a new range of seeded hybrids with the objective of increasing scalability to large acreages limited by current clonal propagation. For the EU‐GRACE project, new replicated field trials were established in seven locations across Europe in 2018 with eight intraspecific M. sinensis hybrids (sin × sin) and six M. sacchariflorus × M. sinensis (sac × sin) from Dutch and UK breeding programmes, respectively, with clonal Miscanthus × giganteus. The planting density of the sin × sin was double that of sac × sin (30,000 & 15,000 plants ha−1), creating commercially relevant upscaling comparisons between systems. Over the first 3 years, the establishment depended on location and hybrid. The mature sin × sin hybrids formed tight tufts of shoots up to 2.5 m tall which flower and senesce earlier than the taller sac × sin hybrids. Following the third growing season, the highest yields were recorded in Northern Italy at a low altitude (average 13.7 (max 21) Mg DM ha−1) and the lowest yielding was on the industrially damaged marginal land site in Northern France (average 7.0 (max 10) Mg DM ha−1). Moisture contents at spring harvest were lowest in Croatia (21.7%) and highest in Wales, UK (41.6%). Overall, lower moisture contents at harvest, which are highly desirable for transport, storage and for most end‐use applications, were found in sin × sin hybrids than sac × sin (30% and 40%, respectively). Yield depended on climate interactions with the hybrid and their associated planting systems. The sin × sin hybrids appeared better adapted to northern Europe and sac × sin hybrids to southern Europe. Longer‐term yield observations over crop lifespans will be needed to explore the biological (yield persistence) and economic costs and benefits of the different hybrid systems.
MANNHEIM AND COMPANY: GENDER, ECONOMICS AND MODERATE STURM UND DRANG IN J. M. R. LENZ'S DER LANDPREDIGER (1777)1
Authors: Dupree Mary Helen 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTPublished in 1777, J. M. R. Lenz's novella Der Landprediger has been read as a document of Lenz’ own intellectual and spiritual disorientation following his banishment from Goethe's Weimar in 1776. As Marcus Twellmann and others have shown, the novella responds to the agrarian reforms initiated by Margrave Carl Friedrich in Baden, which Lenz witnessed first hand. In this article, I argue that the novella's critique of gender and its discussion of economic and social reform are inextricably intertwined. My analysis proceeds from a key insight of recent scholarship in the field of ‘literarische Ökonomik’, namely that literature and philosophy do not simply exist in opposition to economics, but rather that all three share underlying concerns and, furthermore, that culture is ‘complicit’ with the ‘establishment and solidification of modern economic paradigms’ (Gray 2008). Lenz's novella underscores this complicity in a series of episodes that foreground themes of pedagogy, love and marriage, and Enlightenment social reform. Der Landprediger can be said to align with the concerns of twentieth‐ and twenty‐first‐century feminist economics, insofar as it depicts the struggles of the homo economicus as a crisis of masculinity and recognises women as economic actors in the domestic sphere.
THE LATENT RADICALISM OF ARISTOTLE AND J. M. R. LENZ
Authors: Wiggins Ellwood 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTJ. M. R. Lenz's Anmerkungen übers Theater (1774) present the aesthetic manifesto of the Sturm und Drang. In order to express its programmatic agenda for the modern drama, the text repeatedly attacks Aristotle's Poetics. This article reads Lenz's treatment of the Poetics not merely as a handy rhetorical foil for showcasing his own innovative dramatic theories, but rather as an integral part of the performance of the text. It turns out that there are similarities in both form and content between the two disparate treatises. By tracing the series of opposing terms that the Anmerkungen take up in succession (imitation and viewpoint; man and fate; tragedy and comedy), the analysis sets up a final reevaluation of the aesthetics of effect implicit in Lenz's treatise. Though he never mentions catharsis, this ambiguous Aristotelian terminus technicus can be a key to understanding the paradoxes of Lenz's text and revealing its potential radicality.
THE FREEDOM OF A PLAYWRIGHT: STURM UND DRANG AESTHETIC INNOVATION THROUGH A LUTHERAN LENS
Authors: Wagner Martin 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThis article builds on a passage from Johann Georg Hamann's Fünf Hirtenbriefe das Schuldrama betreffend (1763) to argue that the discourse on the rules of dramatic composition in the Sturm und Drang is shaped by an implicitly Lutheran logic of Christian freedom. That means that rather than emphasising the transgression of established rules, Sturm und Drang writers, like Luther's free Christian, sought to replace obedience to lower‐level laws with submission to a higher principle. This Lutheran reframing of the Sturm und Drang revises the conventional understanding of the Sturm und Drang writers as literary revolutionaries and brings their aesthetic programme much more closely in line with their moderate political views. Moreover, in stressing the Lutheran underpinnings of Sturm und Drang aesthetics, this article also calls into question the established view that the theological aspects of Hamann's aesthetics are without parallel in the Sturm und Drang proper. At the centre of the Lutheran reinterpretation of the Sturm und Drang in this article stand analyses of J. M. R. Lenz's Anmerkungen übers Theater, Johann Gottfried Herder's ‘Shakespear’ and Johann Wolfgang Goethe's ‘Zum Schäkespears Tag’ and Götz von Berlichingen.
“Potential parenthood” and identity threats: Navigating complex fertility journeys alongside work and employment
Authors: Mumford Clare , Wilkinson Krystal , Carroll Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhile many scholars have noted workplace inequalities generated by the presence of pregnancy and parenthood, this paper shifts the focus to explore the question: how do childless subjects negotiate between work identities and desired identities of parenthood? Drawing from empirical research interviews about navigating complex fertility journeys alongside work and employment, we show how themes of pregnancy and parenthood play out in the form of (non‐)potential rather than actual achievement, and where identity threats arise paradoxically from both too close and too distant an association with the maternal body.
Genetic and epigenetic analysis of hepatocellular adenomas with atypical morphological features
Authors: Haefliger Simon , Hench Juergen , O'Rourke Colm J , Meyer‐Schaller Nathalie , Uzun Sarp , Saldarriaga Joan , Weber Achim , Mazzucchelli Luca , Jermann Philip , Frank Stephan , Andersen Jesper B , Terracciano Luigi , Sempoux Christine , Matter Matthias S 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundHepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is a rare liver tumour, which can have atypical morphological features such as cytological atypia, pseudoglandular architecture, and altered reticulin framework. Little is known about the genetic and epigenetic alterations of such HCAs and whether they show the alterations classically found in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or in HCA without atypical morphology.MethodsWe analysed five HCAs with atypical morphological features and one HCA with transition to HCC. Every tumour was subtyped by immunohistochemistry, sequenced by a targeted NGS panel, and analysed on a DNA methylation microarray.ResultsSubtyping of the five HCAs with atypical features revealed two β‐catenin mutated HCA (b‐HCA), two β‐catenin mutated inflammatory HCA (b‐IHCA), and one sonic hedgehog activated HCA (shHCA). None of them showed mutations typically found in HCC, such as, e.g. TERT or TP53 mutations. The epigenomic pattern of HCAs with atypical morphological features clustered with reference data for HCAs without atypical morphological features but not with HCC. Similarly, phyloepigenetic trees using the DNA methylation data reproducibly showed that HCAs with morphological atypia are much more similar to nonmalignant samples than to malignant samples. Finally, atypical HCAs showed no relevant copy number variations (CNV).ConclusionIn our series, mutational, DNA methylation, as well as CNV analyses, supported a relationship of atypical HCAs with nonatypical HCAs rather than with HCC. Therefore, in cases with difficult differential diagnosis between HCC and HCA, it might be advisable to perform targeted sequencing and/or combined methylation/copy number profiling.
Clinical efficacy of green tea, aloe vera and chlorhexidine mouthwashes in the treatment of dental biofilm induced gingivitis: A multi‐arm, double‐blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Andhare Mangesh G. , Shetty Sunaina , Vivekanandan Gopinath , Shetty Raghavendra M. , Rahman Betul , Shetty Shishir R. , Siddeshappa Srinivasa T. , Desai Vijay 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis multi‐arm, randomized, double‐blinded, controlled clinical trial was designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of 0.5% green tea (GT), 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) and aloe vera (AV) mouthwash as compared to the control (CNT) group (scaling and polishing alone with no mouthwash) in the management of dental biofilm induced gingivitis among 18–40‐year‐old patients.Material and MethodsSixty patients with generalized dental biofilm‐induced gingivitis were randomly allocated to four study groups (n = 15 each) for treatment, namely Group GT, Group CHX, Group AV and Group CNT after scaling and polishing were administered to all the patients. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and sulcular bleeding index (SBI) were recorded at baseline, 14th and 21st day.ResultsPI, GI and SBI at various time intervals (baseline, 14th and 21st day) showed high statistically significant differences within the group (p < 0.01). Among these, the maximum percentage change was found in the CHX group followed by GT when evaluated from baseline to 21st day. The least percentage change was found in the AV group for PI and GI while the CNT group showed the least percentage change for sulcular index when evaluated from 14th to 21st day. Inter‐group results showed high statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) for PI and GI when evaluated between baseline to 14th day and baseline to 21st day. SBI also showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) when evaluated between baselines to 14th day and baseline to 21st day.ConclusionGreen tea mouthwash displayed a significant reduction in plaque index, gingival index and sulcular bleeding index. 0.5% green tea catechin has equivalent anti‐plaque efficacy as 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate and can be considered a potent alternative to prevent and treat gingival diseases.
Spark plasma sintering of boron nitride micron tubes reinforced boron carbide ceramics with excellent mechanical property
Authors: Xuan Weiping , Ji Yuchun , Liu Bingsai , Li Shaofei , Chen Wenzhuo , Li Zhengdei , Wang Jilin , Zheng Guoyuan , Long Fei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the novel boron nitride micron tubes (BNMTs) were used to reinforce commercial boron carbide (B4C) ceramics prepared via spark plasma sintering technology. The effects of the sintering parameters, sintering temperature, the holding time, and the BNMTs content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of B4C/BNMTs composite ceramics were studied. The results indicated that adding a proper amount of BNMTs could inhibit the grain growth of B4C and improve the fracture toughness of the B4C/BNMTs composite ceramics. The prepared composite ceramic sample with 5 wt% BNMTs at 1850°C, 8 min and 30 MPa displayed the best mechanical properties. The relative density, hardness, fracture toughness, and bending strength of the samples were 99.7% ± .1%, 35.62 ± .43 GPa, 6.23 ± .2 MPa m1/2, and 517 ± 7.8 MPa, respectively. Therein, the corresponding value of hardness, fracture toughness, and bending strength was increased by 10.3%, 43.59%, and 61.5%, respectively, than that of the B4C/BNMTs composite ceramic without BNMTs. It was proved that the high interface binding energy and bridging effect between boron carbide and BNMTs were the toughening principle of BNMTs.
Lightweight and resilient SiOC/SiC foam with efficient electromagnetic wave absorption and high‐temperature stability
Authors: Niu Min , Wang Hongjie , Su Lei , Cai Zhixin , Lu De , Gao Hongfei , Xu Liang , Peng Kang , Zhuang Lei , Fu Wei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntegrating multiple functions such as high electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption, thermal insulation, and resilience into one material is critical, especially for applications in harsh environment. SiC ceramic has received considerable attention as high‐temperature wave absorber, but its applications are limited by common wave absorption performance and brittleness of ceramics. Here by incorporating SiO2 with SiC in a unique three‐dimensional network structure, SiOC/SiC foam consisting of abundant SiOC thin flakes interconnected by numerous long interweaving SiC nanowires have been prepared. The foam shows high EM wave absorption with minimum reflection loss of −30.23 dB, broad effective absorption bandwidth of 5.4 GHz, and a nearly complete compressive resilience from 10% strain. Besides, the foam displays high‐temperature resistance up to 1400°C in air and good thermal insulation performance. Such multifunctional material is promising for applications in advanced aerospace industry under extreme conditions.