bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Medical Students across Indonesia: A Literature Review
Authors: Diani Yusias Hikmat , Novelyn Silphia , Cing Jap Mai , Suryowati Trini , Aritonang Christina R. L. , Daroedono Ekarini , Andiani Anggie Tri 
Published: May 2023

Aim: To make profiling of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among medical students in Indonesia through a literature search on previous scientific publications in the internet, then creating a map showing the spread of this silent epidemic among medical students.
Methodology: Simple internet based literature study cross sectionally search for previous published scientific articles available only on the internet, regarding overweight or obesity among medical students from different faculty of medicine in Indonesia. This study conducted from January to March 2023. Using famous search engine, Google™, we type several keywords regarding overweight and obesity among medical students in Indonesia.
Results and Discussion: Data from 29 published articles obtained electronically. The mean percentage of overweight and obese students is 35.5% and found in both public or private medical schools; where private schools have a slightly higher mean percentage of prevalence than the public ones. Even though there are 92 medical schools across Indonesia, it turns out that not all have such data uploaded to the internet. From the health communication perspective, this is also barriers that must be overcome.
Conclusion: Overweight and obesity among medical students of Indonesia is a real problem that must be managed properly in order to ensure that, these students stay healthy, can complete their education and then become doctors who serve the community.
INM-A Potential Way of Farming in Reduction of CH4 and CO2 Emission in Rice-sunflower Sequential Cropping System
Authors: Ravikumar C. , Senthilvalavan P. , Manivannan R. 
Published: May 2023

Aim: To find out the CH4 and CO2 emission pattern and the considerable amount of SOC sequestered by using different organic sources in sandy clay loam soil.
Study Design: Randomized Block Design.
Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in a farmer's field at Ayanathur, which is geographically located at 11°23’N latitude, 79°29'E longitude, and an altitude of +26 m MSL. Duration of the study confined to 2 years cycle from September 2016 to January 2018 I and II crops respectively.
Methodology: Different sources of organic manures viz., Farm Yard Manure @ 12.5 t ha-1, vermicompost, pressmud, poultry manure, and composted coirpith are each @ 5 t ha-1 were applied as basally and incorporated along with Azospirillum and phosphobacteria @ 2 kg ha-1 as a soil application at the time of last ploughing. Fertilizers were applied as per the treatment schedule of 150:50:50 kg N, P, and K ha-1 was followed throughout the period of study through urea, Di Ammonium phosphate and muriate of potash for rice crops. An open path LICOR analyzer 7700 and 7500 for CH4 and CO2 to find the CH4 and CO2 fluxes during the period of study through calibration of eddy covariance fluxes emissions were calculated.
Results: Combined application of a Recommended dose of fertilizers along with Farmyard manure @ 12.5 t ha-1 reduced the CH4 emission by 13.6 and 15 % over other organic sources in rice whereas, the CO2 emission by 54.4 and 53.8% and 61.5 and 53.9 % over other organic sources in rice and sunflower respectively. Concomitantly, the SOC increased by 6.8 and 7.5% in rice and 4,7 and 4.4% in sunflower over other organic sources.
Efficacy of Integrated Online Mindfulness and Self-compassion Training for Adults With Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Kishimoto Sanae , Watanabe Norio , Yamamoto Yosuke , Imai Takumi , Aida Rei , Germer Christopher , Tamagawa-Mineoka Risa , Shimizu Ryosuke , Hickman Steven , Nakayama Yujiro , Etoh Takafumi , Sahker Ethan , Carnie Martha B. , Furukawa Toshi A. 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceQuality of life (QOL) of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is reported to be the lowest among skin diseases. To our knowledge, mindfulness and self-compassion training has not been evaluated for adults with AD.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of mindfulness and self-compassion training in improving the QOL for adults with AD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial conducted from March 2019 through October 2022 included adults with AD whose Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score, a skin disease–specific QOL measure, was greater than 6 (corresponding to moderate or greater impairment). Participants were recruited from multiple outpatient institutes in Japan and through the study’s social media outlets and website.InterventionsParticipants were randomized 1:1 to receive eight 90-minute weekly group sessions of online mindfulness and self-compassion training or to a waiting list. Both groups were allowed to receive any dermatologic treatment except dupilumab.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the change in the DLQI score from baseline to week 13. Secondary outcomes included eczema severity, itch- and scratching-related visual analog scales, self-compassion and all of its subscales, mindfulness, psychological symptoms, and participants’ adherence to dermatologist-advised treatments.ResultsThe study randomized 107 adults to the intervention group (n = 56) or the waiting list (n = 51). The overall participant mean (SD) age was 36.3 (10.5) years, 85 (79.4%) were women, and the mean (SD) AD duration was 26.6 (11.7) years. Among participants from the intervention group, 55 (98.2%) attended 6 or more of the 8 sessions, and 105 of all participants (98.1%) completed the assessment at 13 weeks. The intervention group demonstrated greater improvement in the DLQI score at 13 weeks (between-group difference estimate, −6.34; 95% CI, −8.27 to −4.41; P &amp;lt; .001). The standardized effect size (Cohen d) at 13 weeks was −1.06 (95% CI, −1.39 to −0.74). All secondary outcomes showed greater improvements in the intervention group than in the waiting list group.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial of adults with AD, integrated online mindfulness and self-compassion training in addition to usual care resulted in greater improvement in skin disease–specific QOL and other patient-reported outcomes, including eczema severity. These findings suggest that mindfulness and self-compassion training is an effective treatment option for adults with AD.Trial Registrationhttps://umin.ac.jp/ctr Identifier: UMIN000036277
Analysis of Body Mass Index in Early and Middle Adulthood and Estimated Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer
Authors: Loomans-Kropp Holli A. , Umar Asad 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceIn a population with significantly increasing rates of individuals with overweight or obesity, understanding the association of obesity with long-term disease risk, such as cancer, is necessary to improve public health.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and gastrointestinal (GI) cancer risk (colorectal cancer [CRC] and noncolorectal GI cancer) in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study was a secondary analysis of data from the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial. Participants aged 55 to 74 years were enrolled and randomized to the intervention (screening group) or control group at 10 screening centers between November 8, 1993, and July 2, 2001. The initial analysis of PLCO Cancer Screening Trial data occurred after 13 years of follow-up or December 31, 2009, whichever came first. Participants were reconsented in 2011 and either continued follow-up or refused additional follow-up. For those who reconsented, follow-up for incident cancers continued until December 31, 2014, or death, whichever occurred first. Data analysis for this secondary analysis was performed from April 2022 through November 2022.ExposuresBody mass index and aspirin use, defined as the frequency of use of aspirin or aspirin-containing substances in the last 12 months.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were the diagnoses of CRC and noncolorectal GI cancer. The association between BMI and cancer (CRC and noncolorectal GI cancer) was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. The association between cancer risk and change in BMI was further analyzed at different ages, and an exploratory analysis was performed to evaluate GI cancer risk among aspirin users.ResultsThis analysis included 135 161 participants (median [range] age, 62 [55-78] years; 67 643 [50.0%] female). Overweight BMI in early adulthood (hazard ratio [HR], 1.23; 95% CI, 1.10-1.37) and overweight BMI in middle adulthood (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.13-1.34) and later adulthood (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.10-1.32) as well as obese BMI in middle adulthood (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.38-1.75) and later adulthood (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.25-1.54) were associated with increased risk of CRC. Similar results were observed for the association with overall GI and non-CRC GI risk and BMI in middle and later adulthood. Maintaining overweight or obese BMI or increasing BMI to overweight or obese in later adulthood was also associated with increased CRC risk. Aspirin use 3 or more times per week did not significantly modify this association.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this secondary analysis of the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial, overweight and obese BMI in early and middle adulthood was associated with an elevated risk of CRC and noncolorectal GI cancers. The results of the current study prompt further exploration into the mechanistic role of obese BMI in carcinogenesis.
Ultrahigh‐Loading Manganese‐Based Electrodes for Aqueous Batteries via Polymorph Tuning
Authors: Xiao Xin , Zhang Zewen , Wu Yecun , Xu Jinwei , Gao Xin , Xu Rong , Huang Wenxiao , Ye Yusheng , Oyakhire Solomon T. , Zhang Pu , Chen Baoliang , Cevik Emre , Asiri Sarah M , Bozkurt Ayhan , Amine Khalil , Cui Yi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractManganese‐based aqueous batteries utilizing Mn2+/MnO2 redox reactions are promising choices for grid‐scale energy storage due to their high theoretical specific capacity, high power capability, low‐cost, and intrinsic safety with water‐based electrolytes. However, the application of such systems is hindered by the insulating nature of deposited MnO2, resulting in low normalized areal loading (0.005–0.05 mAh cm−2) during the charge/discharge cycle. In this work, the electrochemical performance of various MnO2 polymorphs in Mn2+/MnO2 redox reactions is investigated, and ɛ‐MnO2 with low conductivity is determined to be the primary electrochemically deposited phase in normal acidic aqueous electrolyte. It is found that increasing the temperature can change the deposited phase from ɛ‐MnO2 with low conductivity to γ‐MnO2 with two order of magnitude increase in conductivity. It is demonstrated that the highly conductive γ‐MnO2 can be effectively exploited for ultrahigh areal loading electrode, and a normalized areal loading of 33 mAh cm−2 is achieved. At a mild temperature of 50 °C, cells are cycled with an ultrahigh areal loading of 20 mAh cm−2 (1–2 orders of magnitude higher than previous studies) for over 200 cycles with only 13% capacity loss.
A Computationally Assisted Approach for Designing Wearable Biosensors toward Non‐Invasive Personalized Molecular Analysis
Authors: Mukasa Daniel , Wang Minqiang , Min Jihong , Yang Yiran , Solomon Samuel A. , Han Hong , Ye Cui , Gao Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWearable sweat sensors have the potential to revolutionize precision medicine as they can non‐invasively collect molecular information closely associated with an individual's health status. However, the majority of clinically relevant biomarkers cannot be continuously detected in situ using existing wearable approaches. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are a promising candidate to address this challenge but haven't yet gained widespread use due to their complex design and optimization process yielding variable selectivity. Here, QuantumDock is introduced, an automated computational framework for universal MIP development toward wearable applications. QuantumDock utilizes density functional theory to probe molecular interactions between monomers and the target/interferent molecules to optimize selectivity, a fundamentally limiting factor for MIP development toward wearable sensing. A molecular docking approach is employed to explore a wide range of known and unknown monomers, and to identify the optimal monomer/cross‐linker choice for subsequent MIP fabrication. Using an essential amino acid phenylalanine as the exemplar, experimental validation of QuantumDock is performed successfully using solution‐synthesized MIP nanoparticles coupled with ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Moreover, a QuantumDock‐optimized graphene‐based wearable device is designed that can perform autonomous sweat induction, sampling, and sensing. For the first time, wearable non‐invasive phenylalanine monitoring is demonstrated in human subjects toward personalized healthcare applications.
Additive Manufacturing of Thermoelectric Microdevices for 4D Thermometry
Authors: Lee Heekwon , Wang Zhuoran , Rao Qing , Lee Sanghyeon , Huan Xiao , Liu Yu , Yang Jihyuk , Chen Mojun , Ki Dong‐Keun , Kim Ji Tae 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThermometry, the process of measuring temperature, is one of the most fundamental tasks not only for understanding the thermodynamics of basic physical, chemical, and biological processes but also for thermal management of microelectronics. However, it is a challenge to acquire microscale temperature fields in both space and time. Here, a 3D printed micro‐thermoelectric device that enables direct 4D (3D Space + Time) thermometry at the microscale is reported. The device is composed of freestanding thermocouple probe networks, fabricated by bi‐metal 3D printing with an outstanding spatial resolution of a few µm. It shows that the developed 4D thermometry can explore dynamics of Joule heating or evaporative cooling on microscale subjects of interest such as a microelectrode or a water meniscus. The utilization of 3D printing further opens up the possibility to freely realize a wide range of on‐chip, freestanding microsensors or microelectronic devices without the design restrictions by manufacturing processes.
Control of Enzyme Reactivity in Response to Osmotic Pressure Modulation Mimicking Dynamic Assembly of Intracellular Organelles
Authors: Schvartzman Clémence , Zhao Hang , Ibarboure Emmanuel , Ibrahimova Vusala , Garanger Elisabeth , Lecommandoux Sébastien 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn response to variations in osmotic stress, in particular to hypertonicity associated with biological dysregulations, cells have developed complex mechanisms to release their excess water, thus avoiding their bursting and death. When water is expelled, cells shrink and concentrate their internal bio(macro)molecular content, inducing the formation of membraneless organelles following a liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) mechanism. To mimic this intrinsic property of cells, functional thermo‐responsive elastin‐like polypeptide (ELP) biomacromolecular conjugates are herein encapsulated into self‐assembled lipid vesicles using a microfluidic system, together with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to mimic cells’ interior crowded microenvironment. By inducing a hypertonic shock onto the vesicles, expelled water induces a local increase in concentration and a concomitant decrease in the cloud point temperature (Tcp) of ELP bioconjugates that phase separate and form coacervates mimicking cellular stress‐induced membraneless organelle assemblies. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP), as a model enzyme, is bioconjugated to ELPs and is locally confined in coacervates as a response to osmotic stress. This consequently increases local HRP and substrate concentrations and accelerates the kinetics of the enzymatic reaction. These results illustrate a unique way to fine‐tune enzymatic reactions dynamically as a response to a physiological change in isothermal conditions.
Chemoselective Cyclodehydration of α‐Acyl‐β‐arylaminoacrylamides Using Hendrickson Reagent: Access to Polysubstituted 4‐Aminoquinolines and Diazaphenacenes
Authors: Hu Jiana , Bhujanga Rao Chitturi , Wang Yu , Zhang Rui , Li Jiacheng , Ye Xuebei , Dong Dewen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA chemoselecive cyclodehydration of α‐acyl‐β‐arylaminoacrylamides via an electrophilic activation strategy has been described. A series of substituted 4‐aminopyridines are chemoselectively prepared in 73–92% yields from α‐acyl‐β‐arylaminoacrylamides activated by hexaphenyloxodiphosphonium triflate (Hendrickson reagent), whereas substituted diaza[n]phenacenes (n=4–6) are obtained in 72–93% yields directly from α‐acyl‐β‐arylaminoacrylamides using Hendrickson reagent in combination with triflic anhydride (Tf2O). The synthetic protocols feature with readily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, simple execution, and wide range of synthetic potential of products.
The Asymmetric Construction α‐CF2H Pyrrolidine via 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of N‐2,2‐Difluoroethylthioisatin Ketoimines with Meldrum's Acid Derived Electron‐Deficient Olefins
Authors: Sun Shuo , Deng Yabo , Chen Danna , Guo Hai , Sun Mengmeng , He Honghua , Yan Wenjin , Huang Jinqi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe report here a directly catalytic asymmetric method in the construction of CF2H‐containing pyrrolidines. A variety of enantioenriched difluoromethylated pyrrolidine (34 examples, up to 97% ee) were obtained on a 1, 3‐dipole cycloaddition model. The subsequent hydrolysis reaction provides a new difluoromethyl substituted fused ring compound which has certain anticancer activity.
Unterscheidung der enantiotopen Seiten von strukturell unvoreingenommenen Carbeniumionen unter Verwendung einer cyclohexadienbasierten, chiralen Hydridquelle
Authors: Wolff Benedikt , Qu Zheng‐Wang , Grimme Stefan , Oestreich Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEs wird eine enantioselektive Reduktion von einfachen Carbeniumionen mit Cyclohexadienen, die eine hydridische C‐H‐Bindung an einem asymmetrisch substituierten Kohlenstoffatom tragen, vorgestellt. Die grundlegende Reaktion ist eine Transferhydrierung von Alkenen (Styrolen), bei der ausschließlich chirale Cyclohexadiene als Diwasserstoffsurrogate Anwendung finden. Das Tritylkation wird als Initiator dieses Brønsted‐Säure‐katalysierten Verfahrens eingesetzt, bei dem ein schwieriges intermolekulares Abfangen einer Carbeniumionenzwischenstufe durch die bereits erwähnte Hydridquelle enantioselektivitätsbestimmend ist. Lediglich nichtkovalente Wechselwirkungen begünstigen einen der Übergangszustände energetisch, was zu guten Enantiomerenverhältnissen der Hydrierungsprodukte führt. Der berechnete Reaktionsmechanismus sowie frühere Erkenntnisse aus Studien zu anderen Transferhydrierungsmethoden auf der Grundlage der Cyclohexadienplattform stützen die vorliegenden Ergebnisse.
Highly Efficient Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia in Strong Acid Conditions with Fe2M‐Trinuclear‐Cluster Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Lv Yang , Ke Si‐Wen , Gu Yuming , Tian Bailin , Tang Lingyu , Ran Pan , Zhao Yue , Ma Jing , Zuo Jing‐Lin , Ding Mengning 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNitrate‐containing industrial wastewater poses a serious threat to the global food security and public health safety. As compared to the traditional microbial denitrification, electrocatalytic nitrate reduction shows better sustainability with ultrahigh energy efficiency and the production of high‐value ammonia (NH3). However, nitrate‐containing wastewater from most industrial processes, such as mining, metallurgy, and petrochemical engineering, is generally acidic, which contradicts the typical neutral/alkaline working conditions for both denitrifying bacteria and the state‐of‐the‐art inorganic electrocatalysts, leading to the demand for pre‐neutralization and the problematic hydrogen evaluation reaction (HER) competition and catalyst dissolution. Here, we report a series of Fe2M (M=Fe, Co, Ni, Zn) trinuclear cluster metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) that enable the highly efficient electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonium under strong acidic conditions with excellent stability. In pH=1 electrolyte, the Fe2Co‐MOF demonstrates the NH3 yield rate of 20653.5 μg h−1 mg−1site with 90.55 % NH3‐Faradaic efficiency (FE), 98.5 % NH3‐selectivity and up to 75 hr of electrocatalytic stability. Additionally, successful nitrate reduction in high‐acidic conditions directly produce the ammonium sulfate as nitrogen fertilizer, avoiding the subsequent aqueous ammonia extraction and preventing the ammonia spillage loss. This series of cluster‐based MOF structures provide new insights into the design principles of high‐performance nitrate reduction catalysts under environmentally‐relevant wastewater conditions.
Discrimination of the Enantiotopic Faces of Structurally Unbiased Carbenium Ions Employing a Cyclohexadiene‐Based Chiral Hydride Source
Authors: Wolff Benedikt , Qu Zheng‐Wang , Grimme Stefan , Oestreich Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn enantioselective reduction of simple carbenium ions with cyclohexadienes containing a hydridic C−H bond at an asymmetrically substituted carbon atom is disclosed. The net reaction is a transfer hydrogenation of alkenes (styrenes) only employing chiral cyclohexadienes as dihydrogen surrogates. The trityl cation is used to initiate a Brønsted acid‐promoted process, in which a delicate intermolecular capture of a carbenium‐ion intermediate by the aforementioned chiral hydride source is enantioselectivity determining. Exclusively non‐covalent interactions are rendering one of the transition states energetically more favored, giving the reduction products in good enantiomeric ratios. The computed reaction mechanism supports the present findings as well as previous results obtained from studies on other transfer‐hydrogenation methods involving the cyclohexadiene platform.
Workforce training in family therapy and systemic practices: An evaluation framework and case study
Authors: Hameed Mohajer , McIntosh Jennifer , McLean Siân , Vuong An , Welsh Ellen , O'Hanlon Brendan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInternationally, while the interdisciplinary field of family therapy and systemic practices is well established and evidence for therapeutic impact is advanced, evaluation of training and measurement of its impact lags behind. This paper addresses this gap, utilising a single case study at the Bouverie Centre, the largest family therapy and workforce development service in Australia. We describe (a) the scope of workforce training and implementation at the Centre, (b) the development of our training research and evaluation framework, and (c) standardised data collection methodology, including a pre‐post training reflective survey. Collectively, this work comprises our current evaluation framework through which we will subsequently examine training impact. Future research and practice recommendations are offered to address challenges to workforce training evaluation and progress efficacy of family therapy training.