bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) herbal tea on happiness in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Delam Hamed , Keshtkaran Zahra , Shokrpour Nasrin , Eidi Ahmadreza , Bazrafshan Mohammad-Rafi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Evidence suggests that menopause can be associated with a variety of negative psychological changes such as depression and anxiety, and improving the mental health status of women during menopause is one of the important priorities and challenges of the health system. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L., Iridaceae) herbal tea on happiness in postmenopausal women.

Methods
In this randomized clinical trial which was conducted in 2021, 72 postmenopausal women were enrolled and divided into intervention and control groups. The randomization blocks method was used for random allocation, and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire was utilized to measure the scores. The intervention included the use of 30 mg of dried stigmas of the saffron plant, which was boiled once (in the morning, in 300 ml of boiling water for 10–15 min) and consumed with white rock candy as one cup of saffron tea daily. To compare the trend of changes and after removing the effect of other variables, generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used.

Results
There was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in any of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics (p > 0.05). The results of paired samples t-test showed that the happiness mean score in the intervention group increased significantly (p < 0.001) from 42.93 ± 8.54 to 61.58 ± 8.24, while in the control group, there was no significant difference between the happiness mean score at the beginning and end of the study (p = 0.861). Also, after applying the treatment program in the intervention group, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the happiness mean scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Saffron herbal tea had a positive effect on reducing depression and increasing the happiness score; thus, it is recommended that it should be used as a complementary treatment in consultation with the treating physician.

Trial registration
The present study was registered with the code of IRCT20210403050818N1 (Registration date: 09/04/2021) in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials. It was also approved by the Ethics Committee of Larestan University of Medical Sciences (Approval ID: IR.LARUMS.REC.1399.017).
Using a decision tree algorithm to distinguish between repeated supra-therapeutic and acute acetaminophen exposures
Authors: Mehrpour Omid , Hoyte Christopher , Nakhaee Samaneh , Megarbane Bruno , Goss Foster 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to compare clinical and laboratory characteristics of supra-therapeutic (RSTI) and acute acetaminophen exposures using a predictive decision tree (DT) algorithm.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Poison Data System (NPDS). All patients with RSTI acetaminophen exposure (n = 4,522) between January 2012 and December 2017 were included. Additionally, 4,522 randomly selected acute acetaminophen ingestion cases were included. After that, the DT machine learning algorithm was applied to differentiate acute acetaminophen exposure from supratherapeutic exposures.ResultsThe DT model had accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-scores of 0.75, respectively. Age was the most relevant variable in predicting the type of acetaminophen exposure, whether RSTI or acute. Serum aminotransferase concentrations, abdominal pain, drowsiness/lethargy, and nausea/vomiting were the other most important factors distinguishing between RST and acute acetaminophen exposure.ConclusionDT models can potentially aid in distinguishing between acute and RSTI of acetaminophen. Further validation is needed to assess the clinical utility of this model.
Telehealth services for global emergencies: implications for COVID-19: a scoping review based on current evidence
Authors: Kissi Jonathan , Annobil Caleb , Mensah Nathan Kumasenu , Owusu-Marfo Joseph , Osei Ernest , Asmah Zenobia Wooduwa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The availability of low-cost computing and digital telecommunication in the 1980s made telehealth practicable. Telehealth has the capacity to improve healthcare access and outcomes for patients while reducing healthcare costs across a wide range of health conditions and situations.

Objective
This study compares the adoption, advantages, and challenges of telehealth services between high-income (HICs) and low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. The key search terms were: “Telehealth”, “Telehealth in HICs”, “Telehealth in LMICs”, “Telehealth before COVID-19”, “Telehealth during COVID-19”. We searched exhaustively ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases from 2012. Booleans OR/AND were combined with key search terms to increase relevant search results. The literature search and selection process followed the Sample, Phenomena of Interest, Design, Evaluation, and Research (SPIDER) question format.

Results
The adoption of telehealth before COVID-19 was generally low in both HICs and LMICs. The impact of COVID-19 accelerated the adoption of telehealth at the facility level but not nationwide in both high-income countries and LMICs. The rapid adoption of telehealth at the facility level in both high-income and LMICs introduced several challenges that are unique to each country and need to be addressed.

Conclusion
The lack of national policies and regulations is making the adoption of telehealth at the national level challenging in both high and low-middle-income countries. Governments and Stakeholders of healthcare must consider telehealth as a healthcare procedure that should be deployed in clinical working procedures. Primary quantitative and qualitative studies must be conducted to address challenges encountered during the pilot implementation of telehealth services in both high-income countries and LMICs before and during pandemics.
Screening of immune-related secretory proteins linking chronic kidney disease with calcific aortic valve disease based on comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and machine learning
Authors: Zhu Enyi , Shu Xiaorong , Xu Zi , Peng Yanren , Xiang Yunxiu , Liu Yu , Guan Hui , Zhong Ming , Li Jinhong , Zhang Li-Zhen , Nie Ruqiong , Zheng Zhihua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most significant cardiovascular risk factors, playing vital roles in various cardiovascular diseases such as calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). We aim to explore the CKD-associated genes potentially involving CAVD pathogenesis, and to discover candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis of CKD with CAVD.

Methods
Three CAVD, one CKD-PBMC and one CKD-Kidney datasets of expression profiles were obtained from the GEO database. Firstly, to detect CAVD key genes and CKD-associated secretory proteins, differentially expressed analysis and WGCNA were carried out. Protein-protein interaction (PPI), functional enrichment and cMAP analyses were employed to reveal CKD-related pathogenic genes and underlying mechanisms in CKD-related CAVD as well as the potential drugs for CAVD treatment. Then, machine learning algorithms including LASSO regression and random forest were adopted for screening candidate biomarkers and constructing diagnostic nomogram for predicting CKD-related CAVD. Moreover, ROC curve, calibration curve and decision curve analyses were applied to evaluate the diagnostic performance of nomogram. Finally, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to explore immune cell infiltration in CAVD.

Results
The integrated CAVD dataset identified 124 CAVD key genes by intersecting differential expression and WGCNA analyses. Totally 983 CKD-associated secretory proteins were screened by differential expression analysis of CKD-PBMC/Kidney datasets. PPI analysis identified two key modules containing 76 nodes, regarded as CKD-related pathogenic genes in CAVD, which were mostly enriched in inflammatory and immune regulation by enrichment analysis. The cMAP analysis exposed metyrapone as a more potential drug for CAVD treatment. 17 genes were overlapped between CAVD key genes and CKD-associated secretory proteins, and two hub genes were chosen as candidate biomarkers for developing nomogram with ideal diagnostic performance through machine learning. Furthermore, SLPI/MMP9 expression patterns were confirmed in our external cohort and the nomogram could serve as novel diagnosis models for distinguishing CAVD. Finally, immune cell infiltration results uncovered immune dysregulation in CAVD, and SLPI/MMP9 were significantly associated with invasive immune cells.

Conclusions
We revealed the inflammatory-immune pathways underlying CKD-related CAVD, and developed SLPI/MMP9-based CAVD diagnostic nomogram, which offered novel insights into future serum-based diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of CKD with CAVD.
Calcium, zinc, and vitamin D in breast milk: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rios-Leyvraz Magali , Yao Qisi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Global estimates of calcium, zinc and vitamin D content in breastmilk are lacking. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the calcium, zinc, and vitamin D content in breast milk.

Methods
A systematic search of the online databases Embase, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL was conducted in November 2022 and complemented by searches of the African Journals Online database and the LILACS database, and reference lists. Studies reporting the calcium, zinc and vitamin D content in breast milk of apparently healthy mothers and infants were included. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted. The effect of influencing factors were investigated with sub-group analyses and meta-regressions.

Results
A total of 154 studies reporting on breast milk calcium were identified, with a mean calcium concentration in breast milk of 261 mg/L (95% CI: 238, 284). Calcium concentration was influenced by maternal health and decreased linearly over the duration of lactation. Calcium concentration at a specific time during lactation could be estimated with the equation: calcium concentration [mg/L] = 282 – 0.2331 ✕ number of days since birth. A total of 242 studies reporting on breast milk zinc were identified, with a mean zinc concentration of 2.57 mg/L (95% CI: 2.50, 2.65). Zinc concentration was influenced by several factors, such as maternal age, gestational age, and maternal diet. Zinc concentration started high in the first weeks post-partum followed by a rapid decrease over the first months. Zinc concentration at a specific time during lactation could be estimated with the equation: zinc concentration [mg/L] = 6 + 0.0005 ✕ days – 2.0266 ✕ log(days). A total of 43 studies reporting on breast milk vitamin D were identified, with a mean total antirachitic activity of breast milk of 58 IU/L (95% CI: 45, 70), which consisted mostly of 25OHD3, and smaller amounts of vitamin D3, 25OHD2 and vitamin D2. Vitamin D concentration showed wide variations between studies and was influenced by vitamin D supplementation, continent and season.

Conclusions
This review provides global estimates of calcium, zinc and vitamin D content in breast milk, as well as indications on changes over time and depending on influencing factors.
Pervasive tandem duplications and convergent evolution shape coral genomes
Authors: Noel Benjamin , Denoeud France , Rouan Alice , Buitrago-López Carol , Capasso Laura , Poulain Julie , Boissin Emilie , Pousse Mélanie , Da Silva Corinne , Couloux Arnaud , Armstrong Eric , Carradec Quentin , Cruaud Corinne , Labadie Karine , Lê-Hoang Julie , Tambutté Sylvie , Barbe Valérie , Moulin Clémentine , Bourdin Guillaume , Iwankow Guillaume , Romac Sarah , Agostini Sylvain , Banaigs Bernard , Boss Emmanuel , Bowler Chris , de Vargas Colomban , Douville Eric , Flores J. Michel , Forcioli Didier , Furla Paola , Galand Pierre E. , Lombard Fabien , Pesant Stéphane , Reynaud Stéphanie , Sullivan Matthew B. , Sunagawa Shinichi , Thomas Olivier P. , Troublé Romain , Thurber Rebecca Vega , Allemand Denis , Planes Serge , Gilson Eric , Zoccola Didier , Wincker Patrick , Voolstra Christian R. , Aury Jean-Marc 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Over the last decade, several coral genomes have been sequenced allowing a better understanding of these symbiotic organisms threatened by climate change. Scleractinian corals are reef builders and are central to coral reef ecosystems, providing habitat to a great diversity of species.

Results
In the frame of the Tara Pacific expedition, we assemble two coral genomes, Porites lobata and Pocillopora cf. effusa, with vastly improved contiguity that allows us to study the functional organization of these genomes. We annotate their gene catalog and report a relatively higher gene number than that found in other public coral genome sequences, 43,000 and 32,000 genes, respectively. This finding is explained by a high number of tandemly duplicated genes, accounting for almost a third of the predicted genes. We show that these duplicated genes originate from multiple and distinct duplication events throughout the coral lineage. They contribute to the amplification of gene families, mostly related to the immune system and disease resistance, which we suggest to be functionally linked to coral host resilience.

Conclusions
At large, we show the importance of duplicated genes to inform the biology of reef-building corals and provide novel avenues to understand and screen for differences in stress resilience.
mutscan—a flexible R package for efficient end-to-end analysis of multiplexed assays of variant effect data
Authors: Soneson Charlotte , Bendel Alexandra M. , Diss Guillaume , Stadler Michael B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMultiplexed assays of variant effect (MAVE) experimentally measure the effect of large numbers of sequence variants by selective enrichment of sequences with desirable properties followed by quantification by sequencing. mutscan is an R package for flexible analysis of such experiments, covering the entire workflow from raw reads up to statistical analysis and visualization. The core components are implemented in C++ for efficiency. Various experimental designs are supported, including single or paired reads with optional unique molecular identifiers. To find variants with changed relative abundance, mutscan employs established statistical models provided in the edgeR and limma packages. mutscan is available from https://github.com/fmicompbio/mutscan.
Alcohol acyltransferases for the biosynthesis of esters
Authors: Liu Gaofei , Huang Lei , Lian Jiazhang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEsters are widely used in food, energy, spices, chemical industry, etc., becoming an indispensable part of life. However, their production heavily relies on the fossil energy industry, which presents significant challenges associated with energy shortages and environmental pollution. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify alternative green methods for ester production. One promising solution is biosynthesis, which offers sustainable and environmentally friendly processes. In ester biosynthesis, alcohol acyltransferases (AATs) catalyze the condensation of acyl-CoAs and alcohols to form esters, enabling the biosynthesis of nearly 100 different kinds of esters, such as ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, ethyl crotonate, isoamyl acetate, and butyl butyrate. However, low catalytic efficiency and low selectivity of AATs represent the major bottlenecks for the biosynthesis of certain specific esters, which should be addressed with protein molecular engineering approaches before practical biotechnological applications. This review provides an overview of AAT enzymes, including their sequences, structures, active sites, catalytic mechanisms, and metabolic engineering applications. Furthermore, considering the critical role of AATs in determining the final ester products, the current research progresses of AAT modification using protein molecular engineering are also discussed. This review summarized the major challenges and prospects of AAT enzymes in ester biosynthesis.
Multi-step biosynthesis of the biodegradable polyester monomer 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylic acid from glucose
Authors: Zhou Dan , Wu Fengli , Peng Yanfeng , Qazi Muneer Ahmed , Li Ruosong , Wang Yongzhong , Wang Qinhong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
2-Pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC), a chemically stable pseudoaromatic dicarboxylic acid, represents a promising building block for the manufacture of biodegradable polyesters. Microbial production of PDC has been extensively investigated, but low titers and yields have limited industrial applications.

Results
In this study, a multi-step biosynthesis strategy for the microbial production of PDC was demonstrated using engineered Escherichia coli whole-cell biocatalysts. The PDC biosynthetic pathway was first divided into three synthetic modules, namely the 3-dehydroshikimic acid (DHS) module, the protocatechuic acid (PCA) module and the PDC module. Several effective enzymes, including 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase for the PCA module as well as protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase and 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate-6-semialdehyde dehydrogenase for the PDC module were isolated and characterized. Then, the highly efficient whole-cell bioconversion systems for producing PCA and PDC were constructed and optimized, respectively. Finally, the efficient multi-step biosynthesis of PDC from glucose was achieved by smoothly integrating the above three biosynthetic modules, resulting in a final titer of 49.18 g/L with an overall 27.2% molar yield, which represented the highest titer for PDC production from glucose reported to date.

Conclusions
This study lays the foundation for the microbial production of PDC, including one-step de novo biosynthesis from glucose as well as the microbial transformation of monoaromatics.
Is the muscle–tendon architecture of non-athletic Kenyans different from that of Japanese and French males?
Authors: Kunimasa Yoko , Sano Kanae , Nicol Caroline , Barthèlemy Joëlle , Ishikawa Masaki 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
In endurance running, elite Kenyan runners are characterized by longer thigh, shank, and Achilles tendon (AT) lengths combined with shorter fascicles and larger medial gastrocnemius (MG) pennation angles than elite Japanese runners. These muscle-tendon characteristics may contribute to the running performance of Kenyans. Furthermore, these specific lower-leg musculoskeletal architectures have been confirmed not only in elite Kenyan runners but also in non-athletic Kenyans since early childhood. However, it remains questionable whether the differences in muscle-tendon architecture between Kenyans and Japanese differ from those of European Caucasians. Therefore, this study aimed to compare anthropometry and muscle–tendon architecture of young non-athletic Kenyan males with their Japanese and French counterparts.

Methods
A total of 235 young non-athletic males, aged 17–22 years, volunteered. The anthropometric measures, thigh, and shank lengths, as well as AT and MG muscle architecture, were measured using ultrasonography and a tape measure. Inter-group differences in anthropometry and muscle-tendon architecture were tested using one-way ANOVA and ANCOVA analyses controlling for shank length and muscle thickness.

Results
The anthropometric and muscle-tendon characteristics of the non-athletic French were closer to those of the Kenyans than to those of the Japanese. However, the ultrasonography analysis confirmed that the non-athletic Kenyans had the longest AT as well as the shortest MG fascicles and the largest pennation angle compared to the French and Japanese, even after controlling for shank length and muscle thickness with ANCOVA, respectively.

Conclusions
These results confirmed the specificity of the muscle-tendon architecture of the triceps surae in Kenyans in comparison to their Japanese and French counterparts in non-athletic adults. This study provides additional support to the fact that Kenyans may have musculotendinous advantages in endurance running.
Attitudes and beliefs towards COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination among rheumatology patients in a Los Angeles County safety net clinic
Authors: Ward Nicole K. Zagelbaum , Pal Suman , Ruddy Katherine , Savvas Stavros 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has represented an evolving global threat with high morbidity and mortality. Patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases and on immune-suppressing medications may be at increased risk to more severe disease, hospitalization, and death. Vaccines are essential to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and curb the spread of infection. Rheumatology patients may be more fearful to receive the vaccine compared to the general population. The Los Angeles County rheumatology patients are primarily Hispanic and represent a unique and possibly particularly vulnerable cohort warranting further exploration into barriers to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. We aimed to explore the willingness of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among patients with rheumatic disease.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey to assess the perceptions and barriers to COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in our Los Angeles County rheumatology clinics between July 2021 to September 2021 and received responses from 116 patients.

Results
The majority of respondents were female (83.9%), 41–60 years of age (59.8%), Hispanic (89.2%), with high school or lower level of education (68.7%), and had Rheumatoid Arthritis (56.9%). We found most (88.4%) patients received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. We identified no differences in vaccine acceptance related to age, education, race, and ethnicity. Most respondents agreed that their health condition puts them at high risk of COVID-19 complications. In addition, individuals reported that they valued being engaged by their rheumatologists in discussions of the risk and benefits of the vaccine prior to receiving it.

Conclusion
We found that the majority of patients were already vaccinated or willing to be vaccinated, at higher levels than general United States population and that a conversation initiated by a rheumatologist can have positive effect on patients’ health behaviors related to COVID-19.