bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Administrative exclusion in the infrastructure‐level bureaucracy: The case of the Dutch daycare benefit scandal
Authors: Peeters Rik , Widlak Arjan C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA key insight in the literature on administrative burdens and exclusion is that they can be a form of policy making by other means to disincentivize people's access to services, rights, and benefits. Using the case of the Dutch daycare benefit scandal, in which tens of thousands of citizens were wrongfully accused of welfare fraud and subsequently excluded from benefits, we argue for a broader understanding of the way administrative burdens can be constructed. We introduce the concept of the ‘infrastructure‐level bureaucracy’ to understand how new forms of intra‐ and supra‐organizational data exchange and algorithmic analysis can lead bureaucracies to fail to understand the reasoning underlying their own administrative decisions and, subsequently, cause Kafkaesque situations for citizens. Our findings point towards the importance of institutional analyses of the way information technologies structure political and operational behavior as well as the burdens that citizens may face in their interactions with the state.
Community Landscape Preferences for Reuse of Soviet‐Era Post‐Agricultural Brownfields—What's the Difference?*
Authors: Navrátil Josef , Martinát Stanislav , Hewitt Richard J. , Frazier Ryan J. , Klusáček Petr , Škrabal Jaroslav , Krejčí Tomáš , Osman Robert , Pícha Kamil 
Published: February 2023

AbstractReuse preferences for post‐agricultural brownfields on former socialist agricultural premises in CEE countries are likely to be diverse and may depend on communities' experiences. Our research question is to reveal, through a questionnaire survey of 774 respondents from 180 communities, the difference in reuse preferences among communities with different experiences: communities where former collective farm sites had been abandoned (leaving a post‐agricultural brownfield), those where such sites had remained in continuous agricultural use, and those where such sites had been abandoned and later remediated or reused. The responses from the three types of communities were compared using Kruskal–Wallis tests and the structure of preferences was analyzed by Non‐Metric Multidimensional Scaling. Communities with an existing post‐agricultural brownfield prefer housing and leisure activities, while communities with sites in continuous agricultural production prefer agrarian uses. Two main poles of choice were identified—productive and non‐productive uses. While productive uses are preferred by respondents from communities with continuous agricultural production, non‐productive uses are preferred by communities with former post‐agricultural brownfields. The presence of post‐agricultural brownfields within the community is an important factor in determining a community's preferences for its reuse. When agricultural sites are abandoned, communities' preferences for its reuse also change.
Suicidal ideation among men during COVID‐19: Examining the roles of loneliness, thwarted belongingness, and personality impairment
Authors: Ogrodniczuk John S. , Sivagurunathan Marudan , Kealy David , Rice Simon M. , Seidler Zac E. , Oliffe John L. 
Published: February 2023

Suicidal ideation (SI) is a known precursor to suicide among men. While loneliness and thwarted belongingness (TB) have been identified as key factors influencing SI, no study has reported on all three constructs to investigate whether loneliness is associated with SI by way of TB. Furthermore, it is not clear whether personality impairment has a moderating role on this process. The present study examined the impact of loneliness on SI among men and whether TB mediated this relationship. Additionally, the study investigated whether personality impairment (i.e., self‐functioning, interpersonal functioning) moderated the relationship between loneliness and TB. Canadian men (N = 434) completed an online survey that included self‐report assessments of the study constructs. Conditional process modeling was used to test the indirect effect of loneliness on SI via the mediating effect of TB. Findings indicated a significant association between loneliness and SI that was mediated by TB. Further, impairment in self‐functioning moderated the relationship between loneliness and TB, indicating that the relationship was stronger among men with greater difficulties in self‐functioning. The findings are important to consider within the COVID‐19 context, as they point to the need to reduce the detrimental impacts of loneliness, thereby potentially mitigating male SI.
Defining the relevance of surgical margins. Part two: Strategies to improve prediction of recurrence risk
Authors: Bray Jonathan , Eward Will , Breen Matthew 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDue to the complex nature of tumour biology and the integration between host tissues and molecular processes of the tumour cells, a continued reliance on the status of the microscopic cellular margin should not remain our only determinant of the success of a curative‐intent surgery for patients with cancer. Based on current evidence, relying on a purely cellular focus to provide a binary indication of treatment success can provide an incomplete interpretation of potential outcome. A more holistic analysis of the cancer margin may be required. If we are to move ahead from our current situation – and allow treatment plans to be more intelligently tailored to meet the requirements of each individual tumour – we need to improve our utilisation of techniques that either improve recognition of residual tumour cells within the surgical field or enable a more comprehensive interrogation of tumour biology that identifies a risk of recurrence. In the second article in this series on defining the relevance of surgical margins, the authors discuss possible alternative strategies for margin assessment and evaluation in the canine and feline cancer patient. These strategies include considering adoption of the residual tumour classification scheme; intra‐operative imaging systems including fluorescence‐guided surgery, optical coherence tomography and Raman spectroscopy; molecular analysis and whole transcriptome analysis of tissues; and the development of a biologic index (nomogram). These techniques may allow evaluation of individual tumour biology and the status of the resection margin in ways that are different to our current techniques. Ultimately, these techniques seek to better define the risk of tumour recurrence following surgery and provide the surgeon and patient with more confidence in margin assessment.
Theoretical Investigation of the Gamma and Neutron Interaction Parameters of Some Inorganic Scintillators Using Phy-X/PSD and NGCal Software
Authors: Hiremath G. B. , Hosamani M. M. , Singh V. P. , Ayachit N. H. , Badiger N. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInorganic scintillators are used in extreme environments and are essential in applications such as nuclear fission and fusion, radiation therapy, marine, and space exploration, etc. Radiation resistance is required for inorganic scintillators to be used in above mentioned applications. It is important to calculate the gamma buildup factors for inorganic scintillators to understand their radiation resistance behavior. The gamma-ray and neutron interaction parameters were calculated for inorganic scintillators such as BaF2, BGO, CdWO4, CaF2(Eu), CaWO4, CsI, CsI(Na), CsI(Tl), Gd2O2S, LaBr3(Ce), LaCl3(Ce), PbWO4, LSO(Ce), LYSO(Ce), NaI(Tl), YAG(Ce), ZnS(Ag), ZnWO4. The gamma-ray interaction parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic number, equivalent atomic number, exposure buildup factor (EBF), and energy absorption buildup factor (EABF) were computed using Phy-X/PSD software. The neutron interaction parameters such as fast neutron removal cross section, and mass attenuation factor for thermal and fast neutron were computed using Phy-X/PSD and NGCal software, respectively. The present calculated mass attenuation coefficient values are compared with GEANT4 code data available in the literature. The higher values of Zeff were found for PbWO4 up to 0.1 MeV and above 0.1 MeV, CsI(Tl) has higher Zeff values. However, the Zeq values were found to be higher for PbWO4 in the whole energy range. The mass attenuation factor for thermal and fast neutrons with the highest value was found for Gd2O2S and with the lowest value for BGO. The present investigation indicates that the inorganic scintillator PbWO4 has an excellent gamma-ray sensing response.
Improved Performance of Silicon Anodes Using Copper Nanoparticles as Additive
Authors: Bachand Gabrielle , Mennel Jason , Chidambaram Dev 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Nanoscale copper has been successfully integrated into a silicon-based anode via a cost-effective, one-step process. The additive was found to improve the overall electrical conductivity and charge/discharge cycling performance of the anode. Analysis of the new material shows that copper particles are homogeneously interspersed into the silicon active layer. The formation of Cu3Si during the annealing step of the fabrication process was also confirmed using X-ray diffraction and is thought to contribute to the structural stability of the anode during cycling. Despite the inclusion of only small quantities of the additive (approximately 3%), anodes with the added copper show significantly higher initial discharge capacity values (957 mAg−1) compared to anodes without copper (309 mAg−1), and they continue to outperform the latter after 100 charge/discharge cycles. Results also show a significant decrease in the resistance of anodes with the additive, a contributing factor in the improvement of the electrochemical performance.
Effect of vibration and pressure on the air-bioCNG mixture inside the manifolds of dual-fuel diesel engines
Authors: Chandekar Akash Chandrabhan , Debnath Biplab K. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The vibration generated by diesel engines may influence air and gaseous fuel mixing in dual-fuel mode. This study is performed on the manifolds of single and twin-cylinder engines in diesel-bioCNG dual-fuel mode. It examines the effect of the engine vibration and variable manifold pressure on the flow behaviour of the air-bioCNG mixture. The objective is to observe the flow inside the manifolds and mixture quality at the outlet. The mentioned work has found little attention till date. The computational comparison of the flow characteristics inside the intake manifold of the single-cylinder engine is done for an F-shape manifold of the twin-cylinder engine during suction stroke. The experiments are conducted to record both the engines' vibration signature and cycle data. For this, the same operating parameters are maintained: compression ratio of 16.5, engine speed of 1500 rpm, engine load range (0 Nm to 34 Nm) and 80% bioCNG substitution. It employs the boundary conditions, such as the vibration amplitude along three axes, variable manifold pressure, and the mass flow rates of air and bioCNG. The parameters to analyse the mixture flow are pressure, velocity, turbulence, helicity and mass fraction of CH4. The mixture at the manifold outlet of the single-cylinder engine improved to average uniformity index of 0.9924, indicating better homogeneity. Further, the manifold of twin-cylinder engine attained the indexes of 0.1484 and 0.2401 for its two cylinders, showing non-homogeneity.
Keeping Girls in Sport: A Two-Part Evaluation of an E-Learning Program for Coaches and Activity Leaders
Authors: Szabo Sara W. , Owen Emily C. , Kennedy Michael D. , Knight Camilla J. 
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to identify who engaged with the Keeping Girls in Sport e-learning program and, second, to evaluate coach and activity leaders’ perceptions of the program and their perceived learnings gained from completing the program. An explanatory sequential mixed-method design was adopted. First, an online survey was distributed to all individuals who had participated in the program. In total, 511 (33% response rate) completed the survey. Quantitative survey data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Subsequently, interviews were conducted with 20 survey respondents. A realist logic of analysis was applied to the qualitative data, and context–mechanism–outcome configurations were formed. Overall, survey findings indicated that most participants identified as women (56%), coaches (69%), and were between 40 and 49 years of age (37%). In general, participants had positive perceptions of the program. Participants perceived that the accessibility and flexibility of the program increased opportunities to engage with content and, thus, their learning. They described improvements in knowledge and perspective regarding working with female athletes. This increase in knowledge provided participants with confidence to establish trusting and positive relationships with others, specifically parents. Nevertheless, participants highlighted a need for more tailored but also more expansive programs.
Coaches’ Use of Need-Supportive and Need-Thwarting Behaviors Across the Developmental Continuum: A Qualitative Investigation in Figure Skating
Authors: Benish Diane , Readdy Tucker , Raabe Johannes 
Published: February 2023

There is extensive evidence illustrating the influence of coach behavior on athletes’ perceived basic psychological needs. However, much of that research has been conducted with athletes of similar developmental stages (i.e., children, adolescents, or adults). In sports such as figure skating, coach–athlete relationships often span several years and developmental stages; yet, researchers have not comprehensively investigated whether coaches consider athletes’ physical, social, self, cognitive, and emotional development in their interpersonal style. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore (a) what need-supportive and/or need-thwarting behaviors coaches use with athletes in different developmental age groups and (b) whether coaches’ use of need-supportive and need-thwarting behaviors was developmentally appropriate based on theoretical implications and empirical evidence grounded in both developmental and self-determination theory. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 13 coach–athlete dyads (13 coaches and 13 athletes) across four age groups: middle childhood (6–10 years), early adolescent (11–14 years), mid-adolescent (15–17 years), and early adulthood (18–25 years). Deductive reflexive thematic analysis of the 26 interviews revealed four themes highlighting (a) competence-supportive, (b) autonomy-supportive, (c) relatedness-supportive, and (d) need-thwarting behaviors. There were both consistencies and variations in coaches’ use of those behaviors across the four age groups.
Long-term effects of mild cataract extraction versus laser peripheral iridotomy on anterior chamber morphology in primary angle-closure suspect eyes
Authors: Yan Chenxi , Yu Yibo , Wang Wei , Han Ying , Yao Ke 
Published: February 2023

AimTo compare lens extraction (LE) and laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) on anterior segment morphology in primary angle-closure suspect (PACS) eyes.MethodsThis prospective clinical trial included 144 patients with PACS who underwent either LPI or LE. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and gonioscopy were performed before and 1 month and 2 years after operation. Main outcomes included UBM parameters and the percentage of residual angle closure.ResultsAt both 1 month and 2 years of follow-up, LE showed a better effect of relieving anterior chamber crowding and widening the drainage angle, as obtaining a larger anterior chamber depth (ACD), angle opening distance, trabecular iris angle (TIA), trabecular iris space area, trabecular ciliary process distance (TCPD) and a smaller iris curvature (I-Curv) and lens vault (LV) (p<0.001). In the LPI group, angle width increased (angle opening distance at 500 µm from the scleral spur, TIA and trabecular iris space area at 500 µm from the scleral spur) and I-Curv decreased (p<0.001) at 1 month postoperatively, with no significant changes in ACD, LV or TCPD. However, at 2 years after LPI, the angle narrowed with the increase in LV over time, and the proportion of residual angle closure also increased from 21.7% to 30.4% (p<0.001). In contrast, after LE, the widened angle width, flattened iris, deepened ACD, decreased LV and increased TCPD all showed good sustainability in the comparison between 1-month and 2-year follow-up. No residual angle closure was observed either at 1 month or 2 years after LE.ConclusionsLE was prior to LPI in widening the drainage angle. After LPI, there was a narrowing of the angle and an increase in the proportion of residual angle closure over time. LE could achieve a wider angle with no residual angle closure, and the anterior segment parameters were sustainable.Trial registration numberChiCTR1800016511.
Diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Muratori Luigi , Lohse Ansgar W , Lenzi Marco 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTAutoimmune hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver of unknown cause that may progress to liver cirrhosis and end stage liver failure if diagnosis is overlooked and treatment delayed. The clinical presentation is often that of acute hepatitis, sometimes very severe; less frequently, it can be insidious or completely asymptomatic. The disease can affect people of any age and is more common in women; its incidence and prevalence seem to be on the rise worldwide. An abnormal immune response targeting liver autoantigens and inducing persistent and self-perpetuating liver inflammation is the pathogenic mechanism of the disease. A specific set of autoantibodies, increased IgG concentrations, and histological demonstration of interface hepatitis and periportal necrosis are the diagnostic hallmarks of autoimmune hepatitis. Prompt response to treatment with corticosteroids and other immunomodulatory drugs is almost universal and supports the diagnosis. The aims of treatment are to induce and maintain long term remission of liver inflammation. Treatment can often even reverse liver fibrosis, thus preventing progression to advanced cirrhosis and its complications. Most patients need lifelong maintenance therapy, and repeated follow-up in experienced hands improves the quality of care and quality of life for affected patients.
Distinct transcriptional signatures in purified circulating immune cells drive heterogeneity in disease location in IBD
Authors: Verstockt Bram , Verstockt Sare , Cremer Jonathan , Sabino João , Ferrante Marc , Vermeire Severine , Sudhakar Padhmanand 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo infer potential mechanisms driving disease subtypes among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we profiled the transcriptome of purified circulating monocytes and CD4 T-cells.DesignRNA extracted from purified monocytes and CD4 T-cells derived from the peripheral blood of 125 endoscopically active patients with IBD was sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 4000NGS. We used complementary supervised and unsupervised analytical methods to infer gene expression signatures associated with demographic/clinical features. Expression differences and specificity were validated by comparison with publicly available single cell datasets, tissue-specific expression and meta-analyses. Drug target information, druggability and adverse reaction records were used to prioritise disease subtype-specific therapeutic targets.ResultsUnsupervised/supervised methods identified significant differences in the expression profiles of CD4 T-cells between patients with ileal Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Following a pathway-based classification (Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic - AUROC=86%) between ileal-CD and UC patients, we identified MAPK and FOXO pathways to be downregulated in UC. Coexpression module/regulatory network analysis using systems-biology approaches revealed mediatory core transcription factors. We independently confirmed that a subset of the disease location-associated signature is characterised by T-cell-specific and location-specific expression. Integration of drug-target information resulted in the discovery of several new (BCL6,GPR183,TNFAIP3) and repurposable drug targets (TUBB2A,PRKCQ) for ileal CD as well as novel targets (NAPEPLD,SLC35A1) for UC.ConclusionsTranscriptomic profiling of circulating CD4 T-cells in patients with IBD demonstrated marked molecular differences between the IBD-spectrum extremities (UC and predominantly ileal CD, sandwiching colonic CD), which could help in prioritising particular drug targets for IBD subtypes.
Efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for managing sickle cell disease in children and adolescents: protocol for a systematic review with network meta-analysis
Authors: Tonin Fernanda S , Ginete Catarina , Fernandez-Llimos Fernando , Ferreira Joana , Delgadinho Mariana , Brito Miguel 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionSickle cell disease (SCD), an inherited haemoglobinopathy, has important impact on morbidity and mortality, especially in paediatrics. Previous systematic reviews are limited to adult patients or focused only on few therapies. We aim to synthesise the evidence on efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for managing SCD in children and adolescents.Methods and analysisThis systematic review protocol is available at Open Science Framework (doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/CWAE9). We will follow international recommendations on conduction and report of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Searches will be conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science (no language nor time restrictions) (first pilot searches performed in May 2022). We will include randomised controlled trials comparing the effects of disease-modifying agents in patients with SCD under 18 years old. Outcomes of interest will include: vaso-occlusive crisis, haemoglobin levels, chest syndrome, stroke, overall survival and adverse events. We will provide a narrative synthesis of the findings, and whenever possible, results will be pooled by means of pairwise or Bayesian network meta-analyses with surface under the cumulative ranking curve analyses. Different statistical methods and models will be tested. Dichotomous outcomes will be reported as OR, risk ratio or HR, while continuous data will be reported as standard mean differences, both with 95% CI/credibility interval. The methodological quality of the trials will be evaluated using the Risk of Bias 2.0 tool, and the certainty of the evidence will be assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.Ethics and disseminationThis study refers to a systematic review, so no ethics approval is necessary. We intent to publish our findings in international, peer-reviewed journal. Data will also be presented to peers in scientific events. Additionally, the results obtained in this study may contribute towards the update of therapeutic guidelines and for the development of health policies for SCD.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022328471.