bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Nucleic Acid Sensing-related Genes Signature for Predicting
Immunotherapy Efficacy and Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Peng Xinhao , Wu Hong , Zhang Biqin , Xu Chuan , Lang Jinyi 
Published: August 2023

Background:
As a novel pillar for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) treatment, immunotherapy
has limited efficiency in LUAD patients. The nucleic acid sensing (NAS) pathways
are critical in the anti-tumor immune response, but their role in LUAD remains controversial

Objective:
The study aims to develop a classification system to identify immune subtypes of LUAD
based on nucleic acid sensing-related genes so that it can help screen patients who may respond
to immunotherapy.

Methods:
We performed a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the NAS molecule expression
profiles across multiple public datasets. Using qRT-PCR to verify the NAS genes in multiple lung
cancer cell lines. Molecular docking was performed to screen drug candidates.

Results:
The NAS-activated subgroup and NAS-suppressed subgroup were validated based on the
different patterns of gene expression and pathways enrichment. The NAS-activated subgroup displayed
a stronger immune infiltration and better prognosis of patients. Moreover, we constructed a
seven nucleic acid sensing-related risk score (NASRS) model for the convenience of clinical application.
The predictive values of NASRS in prognosis and immunotherapy were subsequently fully
validated in the lung adenocarcinoma dataset and the uroepithelial carcinoma dataset. Additionally,
five potential drugs binding to the core target of the NAS signature were predicted through molecular
docking.

Conclusion:
We found a significant correlation between nucleic acid sensing function and the immune
treatment efficiency in LUAD. The NASRS can be used as a robust biomarker for the predicting
of prognosis and immunotherapy efficiency and may help in clinical decisions for LUAD patients.
A Saffron-based Polyherbal Formulation DuK Prevents Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Gupta Meenakshi , Nimesh Hemlata , Bilgrami Anwar L. , Sarwat Maryam 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Duk is a well-established traditional drug that has been used since time immemorial
by Indian practitioners to cure various human ailments.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to explore the anti-cancer activity and the possible mechanism
of Duk against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-initiated hepatocarcinogenesis.

Methods:
We administered Duk at 3 doses, viz., 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg/day, 2 weeks before the
DEN and continued it for 16 weeks. After 1 week of DEN recovery, 2-aminoacetylflourine (2-
AAF) was administered to promote hepatocarcinogenesis.

Results:
We found that Duk significantly reduced the DEN and 2-AAF induced phenotypical
changes in rats and restored the levels of liver function markers. Furthermore, Duk counteracted
the oxidative stress induced by carcinogens as observed by restoration in the levels of superoxide
dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Duk significantly diminished the levels of malondialdehyde
(MDA) in a dose dependent manner and restored the liver microarchitecture as assessed by histopathological
studies. The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that Duk inhibited the
DEN-induced decrease in the number of cells positive for Bid and Caspase-9. It also reduces the
number of cells positive for Cyclin D.

Conclusion:
Duk significantly protects rat liver from hepatocarcinogenesis by regulating oxidative
damage and restoring liver function markers. The chemopreventive effect of Duk might be through
the induction of apoptosis.
Stress, Environment and Early Psychosis
Authors: Xenaki Lida-Alkisti , Dimitrakopoulos Stefanos , Selakovic Mirjana , Stefanis Nikos 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Existing literature provides extended evidence of the close relationship between stress
dysregulation, environmental insults, and psychosis onset. Early stress can sensitize genetically vulnerable
individuals to future stress, modifying their risk for developing psychotic phenomena. Neurobiological
substrate of the aberrant stress response to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation,
disrupted inflammation processes, oxidative stress increase, gut dysbiosis, and altered brain signaling,
provides mechanistic links between environmental risk factors and the development of psychotic
symptoms. Early-life and later-life exposures may act directly, accumulatively, and repeatedly
during critical neurodevelopmental time windows. Environmental hazards, such as pre- and perinatal
complications, traumatic experiences, psychosocial stressors, and cannabis use might negatively intervene
with brain developmental trajectories and disturb the balance of important stress systems, which
act together with recent life events to push the individual over the threshold for the manifestation of
psychosis. The current review presents the dynamic and complex relationship between stress, environment,
and psychosis onset, attempting to provide an insight into potentially modifiable factors, enhancing
resilience and possibly influencing individual psychosis liability.
Priapism due to penile abscess diagnosed by ultrasonography: a case report
Authors: Luo Liyun , Xia QingQing , Yuan XinChun , Liu Ga , Duan Dunzhu 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Priapism is an acute medical condition requiring immediate evaluation, and depending on etiology, and potentially, the need for emergency management. Among them, priapism caused by penile abscesses is relatively rare.

Case Presentation:
In this case report, we report a case of priapism caused by a penile abscess found by ultrasonography, with rigidity and pain in the corpus cavernosum, but no penile deviation. The patient was treated with an abscess incision and drainage.

Conclusion:
Ultrasonography plays an important role in the diagnosis of penile abscess formation, and once the diagnosis is made, early treatment should be given to improve the adverse outcomes.
Design, QSAR Methodology, Synthesis and Assessment of Some Structurally Different Xanthone Derivatives as Selective Cox-2 Inhibitors
for their Anti-inflammatory Properties
Authors: Saikia Riya , Pathak Kalyani , Das Aparoop , Tayeng Dubom , Ahmad Mohammad Zaki , Das Jyotirmoy , Bordoloi Smita , Pathak Manash Pratim 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Inflammation can be defined as a complex biological response that is produced
by body tissues to harmful agents like pathogens, irritants, and damaged cells and thereby acts
as a protective response incorporating immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. Histamine,
serotonin, bradykinin, leukotrienes (LTB4), prostaglandins (PGE2), prostacyclins, reactive
oxygen species, proinflammatory cytokines like IL-1, IL-11, TNF- anti-inflammatory cytokines like
IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, IL-6 and IL-13, etc. all have different effects on both pro and anti-inflammatory
mediators. Incorporation of combinatorial chemistry and computational studies have helped the researchers
to design xanthones moieties with high selectivity that can serve as a lead compound and
help develop potential compounds that can act as effective COX-2 inhibitors. The study aims to design
and develop different series of substituted hydroxyxanthone derivatives with anti-inflammatory
potential.

Methods:
The partially purified synthetic xanthone derivatives were orally administered to the carrageenan
induced paw oedemic rat models at the dose of 100 mg/kg, and their effect in controlling the
degree of inflammation was measured at the time interval of 30 min, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 hrs. respectively.
Further, these compounds were also subjected to modern analytical studies like UV, IR, NMR and
mass spectrometry or their characterization.

Results:
The results drawn out of the in silico, in vitro, in vivo and analytical studies concluded that
the hydroxyxanthone derivatives can obstruct the enzyme COX-2 and produce anti-inflammatory
action potentially.

Conclusion:
With the aim to evaluate the compounds for their anti-inflammatory activity, it was
observed that the newly designed xanthonic compounds also possess a safe toxicity margin and
hence can be utilized by the researchers to develop hybrid xanthonic moieties that can specifically
target the enzyme COX-2.
Advancing Glioblastoma Therapy: Promising Research in Precision
Medicine
Authors: Kalayil Nisha V. , Paul Pallavi P. , Khan Showkhiya Y. , D'Souza Shona S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
The goal of precision medicine is to create treatments for a single person or group of people based on information about their physical condition in the present and the past as well as their exposure to the environment. Precision medicine is now having an impact on how people are treated for their health at different periods of their lives through a variety of applications. Applica-tions of precision medicine can help prevent death, alert patients regarding genetic risks, lower medical expenses, and enhance the quality of life. To determine the risk that a child may inherit an illness, genetic testing is performed before conception. The most severe type of brain cancer is glio-blastoma (GBM), commonly referred to as grade IV astrocytoma. Although they can penetrate the brain, GBMs normally do not spread to other organs. One effective kind of treatment for glioblastoma is precision medicine, which is currently being developed. Numerous improvements in diagnosis and therapy have resulted in the healing of many patients without having an impact on their way of life. In terms of diagnosis and treatment, this article compares and contrasts precision tech-nology and traditional therapy. Stem cell treatment, immunotherapy, and combination therapy are all extensively described.
Janus Dendrimers as Nanocarriers of Ibuprofen, Chlorambucil and their
Anticancer Activity
Authors: Pedro-Hernández Luis Daniel , Barajas-Mendoza Israel , Castillo-Rodríguez Irving Osiel , Klimova Elena , Ramírez-Ápan Teresa , Martínez-García Marcos 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Janus Dendrimer represents a novel class of synthetic nanocarriers. Since it is
possible to introduce multiple drugs and target moieties, this helps the designing of new biocompatible
forms with pharmacological activities comprised of different drugs with tailor-made functionalities,
such as anticancer and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, which could improve the anticancer activity with
less toxicity.

Aims:
This study aimed to determine the anticancer activity of the Janus dendrimers formed by two
dendrons. One dendron conjugates with chlorambucil, and the other dendron conjugates with Ibuprofen.

Methods:
The cytotoxicity of the drug carriers was determined by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay
for three cell lines. PC-3 (human prostatic adenocarcinoma), HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma),
MFC-7 (human breast cancer) and the COS-7 African green monkey kidney (used as a control)
cell lines were seeded into 96-well plates at a density of 5x103 cells/well and cultured for 24 h before
use. All the obtained compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR one and two dimensions, UVvis,
FTIR, MALDI-TOF, Electrospray mass, and FAB+. Microscopic images were taken in an Inverted
microscope Nikon, Diaphot 300, 10x4 in culture medium.

Results:
Janus dendrimers (G1 and G2) were synthesized via an azide-alkyne click-chemistry reaction
attaching on one face dendrons with ibuprofen molecules and, on the other face, attached a chlorambucil-
derivative. The IC50 behavior of the conjugates of the first and second generations showed anticancer
activity against PC-3, HCT-15, and MFC-7 cell lines. The second generation was more active against
PC-3, HCT-15 and MFC-7 with IC50 of 3.8±0.5, 3.0±0.2 and 3.7 ± 1.1 mM, respectively

Conclusion:
The new Janus dendrimers with anticancer chlorambucil and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory
Ibuprofen can improve the anticancer activity of chlorambucil with less toxicity.

Future Prospects:
Now, we are working on the synthesis of new Janus dendrimers using the most effective
and fine methods. Moreover, we hope that we shall be able to obtain different generations that
are more selective against cancer cells.
Chinese EFL Students’ Learning Needs for Speaking Performance: A Case Study
Authors: Fu Ziqi  , Gurnam Kaur Sidhu  , Li Cong  , Wang Rui  
Published: August 2023

Despite the importance of speaking skills, most Chinese graduates leave universities unable to communicate effectively in English. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the differences between EFL students' perceived and actual speaking performance and to understand their learning needs better. The study involved 45 EFL learners and utilized a mixed-methods research design. Data were collected via a questionnaire, a speaking test, and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that EFL students overestimated their speaking performance, implying they were unaware of their limitations. Hence EFL instructors need to provide better guidance to enhance their speaking skills.
Radiographers’ Acceptance on the Integration of Artificial Intelligence into Medical Imaging Practice
Authors: Sharip Hairenanorashikin , Che Zakaria Wan Farah Wahida , Leong Sook Sam , Ali Masoud Maida , Mohd Junaidi Mohamad Zafran Hakim 
Published: August 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) integration in medical imaging is a promising field for enhancing patient care, performance, and efficiency. Radiographers, on the other hand, are concerned about AI's acceptance and potential to replace them. This study assessed radiographers' acceptance of AI integration by considering their knowledge, attitudes, and job security. Based on demographic characteristics, there were no significant differences in knowledge, attitude, or job security level. Completing AI training, on the other hand, had a considerable influence. Overall, radiographers have a good level of knowledge and are enthusiastic about using AI tools into their regular activities.
Physician- and Patient-Elicited Barriers and Facilitators to Implementation of a Machine Learning–Based Screening Tool for Peripheral Arterial Disease: Preimplementation Study With Physician and Patient Stakeholders
Authors: Ho Vy , Brown Johnson Cati , Ghanzouri Ilies , Amal Saeed , Asch Steven , Ross Elsie 
Published: August 2023

Background
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is underdiagnosed, partially due to a high prevalence of atypical symptoms and a lack of physician and patient awareness. Implementing clinical decision support tools powered by machine learning algorithms may help physicians identify high-risk patients for diagnostic workup.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate barriers and facilitators to the implementation of a novel machine learning–based screening tool for PAD among physician and patient stakeholders using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Methods
We performed semistructured interviews with physicians and patients from the Stanford University Department of Primary Care and Population Health, Division of Cardiology, and Division of Vascular Medicine. Participants answered questions regarding their perceptions toward machine learning and clinical decision support for PAD detection. Rapid thematic analysis was performed using templates incorporating codes from CFIR constructs.

Results
A total of 12 physicians (6 primary care physicians and 6 cardiovascular specialists) and 14 patients were interviewed. Barriers to implementation arose from 6 CFIR constructs: complexity, evidence strength and quality, relative priority, external policies and incentives, knowledge and beliefs about intervention, and individual identification with the organization. Facilitators arose from 5 CFIR constructs: intervention source, relative advantage, learning climate, patient needs and resources, and knowledge and beliefs about intervention. Physicians felt that a machine learning–powered diagnostic tool for PAD would improve patient care but cited limited time and authority in asking patients to undergo additional screening procedures. Patients were interested in having their physicians use this tool but raised concerns about such technologies replacing human decision-making.

Conclusions
Patient- and physician-reported barriers toward the implementation of a machine learning–powered PAD diagnostic tool followed four interdependent themes: (1) low familiarity or urgency in detecting PAD; (2) concerns regarding the reliability of machine learning; (3) differential perceptions of responsibility for PAD care among primary care versus specialty physicians; and (4) patient preference for physicians to remain primary interpreters of health care data. Facilitators followed two interdependent themes: (1) enthusiasm for clinical use of the predictive model and (2) willingness to incorporate machine learning into clinical care. Implementation of machine learning–powered diagnostic tools for PAD should leverage provider support while simultaneously educating stakeholders on the importance of early PAD diagnosis. High predictive validity is necessary for machine learning models but not sufficient for implementation.
Architectural Design of a Blockchain-Enabled, Federated Learning Platform for Algorithmic Fairness in Predictive Health Care: Design Science Study
Authors: Liang Xueping , Zhao Juan , Chen Yan , Bandara Eranga , Shetty Sachin 
Published: August 2023

Background
Developing effective and generalizable predictive models is critical for disease prediction and clinical decision-making, often requiring diverse samples to mitigate population bias and address algorithmic fairness. However, a major challenge is to retrieve learning models across multiple institutions without bringing in local biases and inequity, while preserving individual patients’ privacy at each site.

Objective
This study aims to understand the issues of bias and fairness in the machine learning process used in the predictive health care domain. We proposed a software architecture that integrates federated learning and blockchain to improve fairness, while maintaining acceptable prediction accuracy and minimizing overhead costs.

Methods
We improved existing federated learning platforms by integrating blockchain through an iterative design approach. We used the design science research method, which involves 2 design cycles (federated learning for bias mitigation and decentralized architecture). The design involves a bias-mitigation process within the blockchain-empowered federated learning framework based on a novel architecture. Under this architecture, multiple medical institutions can jointly train predictive models using their privacy-protected data effectively and efficiently and ultimately achieve fairness in decision-making in the health care domain.

Results
We designed and implemented our solution using the Aplos smart contract, microservices, Rahasak blockchain, and Apache Cassandra–based distributed storage. By conducting 20,000 local model training iterations and 1000 federated model training iterations across 5 simulated medical centers as peers in the Rahasak blockchain network, we demonstrated how our solution with an improved fairness mechanism can enhance the accuracy of predictive diagnosis.

Conclusions
Our study identified the technical challenges of prediction biases faced by existing predictive models in the health care domain. To overcome these challenges, we presented an innovative design solution using federated learning and blockchain, along with the adoption of a unique distributed architecture for a fairness-aware system. We have illustrated how this design can address privacy, security, prediction accuracy, and scalability challenges, ultimately improving fairness and equity in the predictive health care domain.
Pengaruh Generalisasi Unit Lahan pada besarnya Erosi (Studi kasus di DAS Air Nelas, Propinsi Bengkulu)
Authors: Sulistyo Bambang 
Published: August 2023

Effect of Land Unit Generalization on the ErosionLevel (Study Case in Air Nelas Watershed, Bengkulu Province)The research aims to identify the effect of land unit generalisasion on the erosion at the Air Nelas catchment area in Bengkulu Province. Land unit generalisation is one step to be done in arrangin RTL-RLKT (Rencana Teknik Lapangan-Rehabilitasi Lahan dan Konservasi Tanah; Field Planning for Soil Rehabilitation and Conservation) conducted by Balai Pengelola DAS (formerly Balai RLKT).Method applied by conducting digital analysis using GIS Program to calculate erosion of the catchment area with USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) formula. Comparison analysis was done between the result of erosion before and after land unit generalisation. Land unit generalisation is a process to eliminate land unit having area 1 cm2 on map or 25 hectares on the field at the scale of 1:50.000. The instruction to run generalisation in ArchInfo GIS program is ELIMINATE. Land unit generalisation is done to simplify map analysis manual by avoiding land unit which is very small in the area.The research result showed that for the whole Air Nelas catchment area the erosion rate was 601,279.49 ton/ha/year before generalisation and 267,907.54 ton/ha/year after generalisation, indicating that there was a 33,371.95 ton/ha/year difference or 55.44% as the effect of land unit generalisation process. When the observation was mainly at the area of rehabilitation and conservation, there were categorical changes of the erosion i.e. from Moderate to Heavy or Very Heavy and vice versa. The change was varying between 148,244.82 ton/ha/year (Moderate to Very Heavy) and 79,470.62 ton/ha/year (Very Heavy to Moderate). Overall, the erosion was increaasing aas 65,335.90 ton/ha/year (11,01%) for the whole category in area where rehabilitatin and conservation have to be conducted. Those changes would affect the plan which determine recommendations to be taken in rehabilitation and conservation of catchment areas, as well as change in the project location and budget.
Studi Pembuatan Kelas Bonita pada Tegakan Acacia mangium Willd. di PT. Musi Hutan Persada, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Santoso Heru Budi , Sadono Ronggo , Susanti Ari 
Published: August 2023

Study on the Determination of Site Quality Index for Acacia mangium Willd. in PT Musi Hutan Persada, South SumatraSite index is required to estimate forest productivity. This study was conducted to generate a diameter-height model and use it to construct a direct site quality index for Acacia mangium Willd. stands without thinning by dominant height approach in PT. Musi Hutan Persada,South Sumatra. It comprises two phases, namely dominant height curve development and site index construction based on semi-permanent and permanent plots data. The regression analysis of maximum diameter was employed to estimate the dominant height. The accepted diameter-height model was used for modeling an anomorphic site index using Schumacher’s formula. Dominant height could be estimated using the equation:Ln h = 3.588 - (6.955/d) , (R2 = 0.91, sum of square error = 0.24), where h : dominant tree height and d: stem diameter.The equation was then used to modeling site index of A. mangium stands with age index of 6-years. The proposed model was :