bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The application of machine perfusion for the testing of peripheral nerve and muscle interfacing for bionic prostheses: a systematic review
Authors: Amin Kavit R. , Armstrong Erin R. , Casson Alexander J. , Fildes James E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This systematic review evaluates the use of Normothermic Machine Perfusion (NMP) as a testbed for developing peripheral nerve and muscle interfaces for bionic prostheses. Our findings suggest that NMP offers a viable alternative to traditional models, with significant implications for future research and clinical applications. A literature search was performed using Ovid MEDLINE (1946 to October 2023), revealing 559 abstracts.
No studies using nerve and/or muscle electrodes for the testing or development of bionic interface technologies were identified, except for one conference abstract. NMP could serve as a test bed for future development of interface biocompatibility, selectivity, stability and data transfer, whilst complying with ethical practices and potentially offering greater relevance for human translation. Implemention of machine perfusion requires experienced personnel. Encompassing artificial intelligence alongside machine learning will provide a significant contribution to advancing interface technologies for multiple neurological disorders.
Agent-based modeling for data-driven enforcement: combining empirical data with behavioral theory for scenario-based analysis of inspections
Authors: Koid Eunice , van der Voort Haiko , Warnier Martijn 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Effective enforcement of laws and regulations hinges heavily on robust inspection policies. While data-driven approaches to testing the effectiveness of these policies are gaining popularity, they suffer significant drawbacks, particularly a lack of explainability and generalizability. This paper proposes an approach to crafting inspection policies that combines data-driven insights with behavioral theories to create an agent-based simulation model that we call a theory-infused phenomenological agent-based model (TIP-ABM). Moreover, this approach outlines a systematic process for combining theories and data to construct a phenomenological ABM, beginning with defining macro-level empirical phenomena. Illustrated through a case study of the Dutch inland shipping sector, the proposed methodology enhances explainability by illuminating inspectors’ tacit knowledge while iterating between statistical data and underlying theories. The broader generalizability of the proposed approach beyond the inland shipping context requires further research.
Methodological approaches to identifying and mapping fields of specific crops on a basis of high-resolution satellite images using phenological, geographic, and regional statistical information
Authors: Unagaev Alexey , Korotkova Irina , Efremova Natalia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Currently, methods for mapping agricultural crops have been predominantly developed for a number of the most important and popular crops. These methods are often based on remote sensing data, scarce information about the location and boundaries of fields of a particular crop, and involve analyzing phenological changes throughout the growing season by utilizing vegetation indices, e.g., the normalized difference vegetation index. However, this approach encounters challenges when attempting to distinguish fields with different crops growing in the same area or crops that share similar phenology. This complicates the reliable identification of the target crops based solely on vegetation index patterns. This research paper aims to investigate the potential of advanced techniques for crop mapping using satellite data and qualitative information. These advanced approaches involve interpreting features in satellite images in conjunction with cartographic, statistical, and climate data. The study focuses on data collection and mapping of three specific crops: lavender, almond, and barley, and relies on various sources of information for crop detection, including satellite image characteristics, regional statistical data detailing crop areas, and phenological information, such as flowering dates and the end of the growing season in specific regions. As an example, the study attempts to visually identify lavender fields in Bulgaria and almond orchards in the USA. We test several state-of-the-art methods for semantic segmentation (U-Net, UNet++, ResUnet). The best result was achieved by a ResUnet model (96.4%). Furthermore, the paper explores how vegetation indices can be leveraged to enhance the precision of crop identification, showcasing their advanced capabilities for this task.
The EU global regulatory state and the search for transnational democracy – reflections from the edges of Europe
Authors: Weimer Maria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this essay, I reflect on the evolving role of the European Union (EU) as a global regulatory state against the backdrop of Christian Joerges’s influential work on European constitutionalism. Engaging with Joerges’s intellectual oeuvre represents a personal moment in my academic journey, having come of age as a scholar under his guidance during my PhD studies at the European University Institute in Florence. I therefore would like to use the opportunity to critically engage with his work while situating my scholarly analysis within the broader context of my personal experiences across Europe and how they have shaped my focus on political power beyond traditional state politics. The essay begins with a personal reflection on the interplay between the personal, the political, and the academic in my work on democracy in the EU regulatory state. Subsequently, I delve into Joerges’s theory of conflicts-law-constitutionalism, examining its strengths and weaknesses, as well as its relevance for understanding the new geopolitical turn in EU external regulation and its implications for democratic constitutionalism.
Using electronic medical records in hospital simulation for infection control intervention assessment
Authors: Haghpanah Fardad , Klein Eili Y ,   for the CDC MInD-Healthcare Program
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Clinical trials for assessing the effects of infection prevention and control (IPC) interventions are expensive and have shown mixed results. Mathematical models can be relatively inexpensive tools for evaluating the potential of interventions. However, capturing nuances between institutions and in patient populations have adversely affected the power of computational models of nosocomial transmission.

Methods:
In this study, we present an agent-based model of ICUs in a tertiary care hospital, which directly uses data from the electronic medical records (EMR) to simulate pathogen transmission between patients, HCWs, and the environment. We demonstrate the application of our model to estimate the effects of IPC interventions at the local hospital level. Furthermore, we identify the most important sources of uncertainty, suggesting areas for prioritization in data collection.

Results:
Our model suggests that the stochasticity in ICU infections was mainly due to the uncertainties in admission prevalence, hand hygiene compliance/efficacy, and environmental disinfection efficacy. Analysis of interventions found that improving mean HCW compliance to hand hygiene protocols to 95% from 70%, mean terminal room disinfection efficacy to 95% from 50%, and reducing post-handwashing residual contamination down to 1% from 50%, could reduce infections by an average of 36%, 31%, and 26%, respectively.

Conclusions:
In-silico models of transmission coupled to EMR data can improve the assessment of IPC interventions. However, reducing the uncertainty of the estimated effectiveness requires collecting data on unknown or lesser known epidemiological and operational parameters of transmission, particularly admission prevalence, hand hygiene compliance/efficacy, and environmental disinfection efficacy.
On stochastic control under poissonian intervention: optimality of a barrier strategy in a general Lévy model
Authors: Noba Kei , Yamazaki Kazutoshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study a version of the stochastic control problem of minimizing the sum of running and controlling costs, where control opportunities are restricted to independent Poisson arrival times. Under a general setting driven by a general Lévy process, we show the optimality of a periodic barrier strategy, which moves the process upward to the barrier whenever it is observed to be below it. The convergence of the optimal solutions to those in the continuous-observation case is also shown.
The heart attack of the Polish health service: metaphors, arguments, and emotional appeals in political debates
Authors: Juszczyk Konrad , Konat Barbara , Fabiszak Małgorzata 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Metaphors, arguments and emotional appeals have considerable persuasive power in political discourse, yet they are rarely studied together. To explore the interactions between these interrelated phenomena, we employ three methods of analysis: Metaphor Identification Procedure, Inference Anchoring Theory, and lexicon-based sentiment analysis. Our data come from Polish political debates broadcasted during the 2019 pre-election campaign. We test hypotheses about the frequency of the associations between metaphors, arguments and emotional appeals. Hypothesis 1 predicts that arguments containing metaphors are more frequent than arguments without metaphors, hypothesis 2 predicts that arguments containing emotional appeals are more frequent than arguments without them, and hypothesis 3 predicts that arguments with metaphors and emotional appeals are more frequent than any other combination. The results show that metaphorical arguments do not outnumber non-metaphorical ones (H1 is falsified), and arguments that are both metaphorical and emotional do not outnumber the sum of all other types (H3 is falsified). Emotional arguments are more common than non-emotional ones (H2 is verified). We suggest that when political actors articulate their arguments, they often choose a particular metaphor to evoke positive or negative emotions in their audience.
Language control in auditory bilingual comprehension: uncovering novel evidence from the n − 2 repetition paradigm
Authors: Liu Hong , Chaouch-Orozco Adel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In language production, inhibitory control is assumed to be the primary mechanism responsible for successful bilingual processing. To convey messages in one language, bilinguals must inhibit the unintended language. However, it remains unclear whether the same mechanism works in bilingual comprehension. Following up and expanding on Declerck and Philipp (2018, ‘Is inhibition implemented during bilingual production and comprehension? n–2 language repetition costs unchained’, Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, vol. 33, pp. 608–617), the present study investigates whether inhibition is involved in the linguistic identification system during bilingual comprehension with the n − 2 repetition paradigm. This is the second study exploring comprehension with this methodological setup to date. We used an auditory word–picture matching task with Chinese late trilinguals who learned their two non-native languages (L2 English and L3 Spanish) via formal school instruction. Our results indicate that participants responded faster in the n − 2 repetition trials (i.e., when the target language in the n and n − 2 trials matched). That is, we observed an n − 2 repetition benefit effect, a novel finding in this literature that goes counter the n − 2 repetition cost effect reported in previous studies using production-based tasks. In addition, our results underscore the complex interplay between proficiency and use and the resulting dynamics within the bilingual lexicon. We discuss the results in light of the different bilingual representation and processing models.
Comparing the semantic structures of lexicon of Mandarin and English
Authors: Yang Yi , Baayen R. Harald 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper presents a cross-language study of lexical semantics within the framework of distributional semantics. We used a wide range of predefined semantic categories in Mandarin and English and compared the clusterings of these categories using FastText word embeddings. Three techniques of dimensionality reduction were applied to mapping 300-dimensional FastText vectors into two-dimensional planes: multidimensional scaling, principal components analysis, and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding. The results show that t-SNE provides the clearest clustering of semantic categories, improving markedly on PCA and MDS. In both languages, we observed similar differentiation between verbs, adjectives, and nouns as well as between concrete and abstract words. In addition, the methods applied in this study, especially Procrustes analysis, make it possible to trace subtle differences in the structure of the semantic lexicons of Mandarin and English.
Ideophones are more reliable than metaphors in Japanese pain descriptions
Authors: Akita Kimi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Japanese patients often describe their pain with ideophones (sound-symbolic, imitative words), such as biribiri ‘having a continuous electric shock’. However, some manuals for healthcare workers recommend avoiding using these words in their interactions with patients, assuming that they are too subjective. We examined how reliable pain ideophones are in comparison with pain metaphors, such as denki-ga hashiru-yoona itami ‘pain like an electric current running through one’s body’. In Experiment 1, Japanese speakers rated visually presented pain ideophones and metaphors on 15 semantic-differential scales (e.g., strong–weak, momentary–continuous). It was found that the ratings of ideophones and metaphors equally varied between participants. In Experiment 2, Japanese speakers did the same rating task for a selected set of pain ideophones and metaphors presented auditorily in sentence frames. The results show that ideophones were rated more consistently than metaphors across participants, and this was true for various prosodic/morphological variants of ideophones (e.g., biriiit-to ‘having a sudden, great electric shock’, biribirit-to ‘having a momentary repetitive electric shock’). These findings indicate that ideophones can be more reliable than metaphors in health communication, especially when placed in proper context.
Observations of the Vela pulsar with a low-cost, 2.4m radio telescope at Woodchester Observatory
Authors: Campbell-Wilson Duncan , Flynn Chris , Bateman Tim 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We demonstrate a low-cost radio telescope using a 2.4-m satellite dish, an inexpensive printer circuit board (PCB)-based dual-pole antenna and commodity-off-the-shelf components. Open-source, radio acquisition and professional pulsar processing tools are used to successfully monitor on a daily basis the Southern Hemisphere pulsar J0835−4510 (the Vela pulsar) at 820 MHz as it transits the meridian. The system successfully detected a ‘glitch’ in the Vela pulsar in real-time at Woodchester Observatory in South Australia. Woodchester represents a good balance of bandwidth, observation time, and cost to achieve scientifically interesting results on pulsar timing for amateur radio astronomy and/or STEM outreach projects.
A possible vicissicaudatan arthropod from the Late Carboniferous Mazon Creek Lagerstätte
Authors: McCoy Victoria E. , Herrera Fabiany , Wittry Jack , Mayer Paul , Lamsdell James C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Vicissicaudata, a group of artiopods, originated and reached their highest diversity during the Cambrian period. However, relatively few vicissicaudatan species are known from the Paleozoic. Here we report a new species of vicissicaudatan arthropod, sister to the cheloniellids, from the Late Carboniferous Mazon Creek Lagerstätte. The two specimens preserve a small eyeless head, a trunk comprising seven tergites with wide pleural lobes, a narrower postabdomen bearing two long, posteriorly directed caudal appendages, and a short, shield-shaped telson. This new species not only extends the stratigraphic range of the Vicissicaudata into the Late Paleozoic but also represents an intermediate morphology between the cheloniellids and other vicissicaudatans.
High-density positron beam generation via Breit–Wheeler and trident processes using ultra-intense lasers
Authors: Chintalwad S. , Morris S. , Ramakrishna B. 
Published: January 2025

Using two counter-propagating ultra-intense laser interactions with a solid target, we conducted a study on the generation of electron-positron pairs via the multi-photon Breit–Wheeler (BW) process and trident process. These processes were simulated using the particle-in-cell (PIC) code EPOCH. Our proposed scheme involves irradiating two targets with two counter-propagating lasers. High-energy photons are produced when hot electrons collide with the reflected laser pulse at the target's front, leading to electron and positron pair production. In the single-target scenario, electron bunches are extracted from the target by the p-polarized laser electromagnetic field and accelerated by the laser ponderomotive force before colliding with the counter-propagating laser. However, using two targets enhances pair creation compared with the single-target set-up. We observed that in two-target configurations, the increased number of high-energy gamma-rays contributes to higher-energy electron–positron generation. Additionally, the generation of hot electrons is also more pronounced in this scheme. Consequently, the laser demonstrates higher efficiency in generating gamma photons and positrons in the dual-target set-up, which is beneficial for investigating high-energy pair production and gamma-ray emission. The generated positrons exhibit a density of the order of

$10^{27}\,\text {m}^{-3}$

and can be accelerated to energies of 1.5 GeV. The involvement of hot electrons in the target is crucial for generating high-energy photons and positrons. The maximum pair yield reaches

$8 \times 10^9$

for the BW process and

$10^8$

for the trident process. Notably, the total laser energy conversion efficiencies to electrons,

$\gamma$

-rays and positrons show improvement in the dual-target configuration. Specifically, the laser energy absorbed by positrons increases from 11.62 % in Case A to 13.12 % in Case B. These enhancements in conversion efficiency and electron/positron density have significant practical implications in experimental set-ups. In both the BW and trident processes, the two-target set-up dominates, highlighting its effectiveness. We also compared the strengths of both approaches, suggesting that these simple models of implementing two targets can be used in experiments as well.
An interview with Keith Ward
Authors: McNabb Tyler Dalton 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article is part of Religious Studies’ new initiative to publish a series of interviews with distinguished philosophers of religion. Each interview explores the personal and academic background of the interviewee and discusses their core philosophical views. The aim is to inspire students and scholars and to provide an overview of some of the most important works developed by contemporary philosophers of religion. In this interview, Tyler Dalton McNabb interviews Keith Ward, covering such topics as his upbringing, his first years of teaching, his view on natural theology, and his view on special revelation in the world religions.
Development of a value assessment framework for Health Technology Assessment in rare diseases drugs: insights from a Delphi study in Brazil
Authors: Biglia Luiza Vasconcelos , Felippini Arturo , Ribeiro Tatiane Bomfim , Lima Tácio de Mendonça , Aguiar Patricia Melo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study is to propose and validate a value assessment framework for Health Technology Assessment (HTA) for rare diseases drugs in Brazil.

Methods
A scoping review was performed to identify criteria used by HTA agencies in countries with public healthcare systems when evaluating orphan drugs. Based on the findings, a criteria framework for rare disease drugs was proposed for Brazil. Content validity was conducted over three rounds using Delphi technique and content validity ratio (CVR) approach was employed to evaluate the ratings from the eighteen stakeholders (experts and patients).

Results
Twenty-nine HTA criteria for rare disease drugs were identified to compose the Brazilian framework. After three Delphi rounds, the final value framework comprised fifteen criteria categorized into four domains: disease-related factors, treatment-related factors, social and political factors, and economic factors. Among the most well-rated criteria by the CVR, considering the relevance attribute, were “relevance of outcomes for a rare disease,” “impact on patient’s quality of life,” “price negotiation,” and “adjusted cost-effectiveness threshold.” On the other hand, “budget impact threshold,” “innovative nature of treatment,” and “willingness to accept greater uncertainty in clinical evidence” received negative evaluations and were excluded from the final framework.

Conclusions
A value assessment framework validated by key stakeholders of rare diseases in Brazil could contribute to improve HTA transparency, decision making, and efficiency of the healthcare system, and inspire the development of a local guidance for rare-disease HTA.
The dimension of the feasible region of pattern densities
Authors: GARBE FREDERIK , KRÁL’ DANIEL , MALEKSHAHIAN ALEXANDRU , PENAGUIAO RAUL 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A classical result of Erdős, Lovász and Spencer from the late 1970s asserts that the dimension of the feasible region of densities of graphs with at most k vertices in large graphs is equal to the number of non-trivial connected graphs with at most k vertices. Indecomposable permutations play the role of connected graphs in the realm of permutations, and Glebov et al. showed that pattern densities of indecomposable permutations are independent, i.e., the dimension of the feasible region of densities of permutation patterns of size at most k is at least the number of non-trivial indecomposable permutations of size at most k. However, this lower bound is not tight already for

$k=3$

. We prove that the dimension of the feasible region of densities of permutation patterns of size at most k is equal to the number of non-trivial Lyndon permutations of size at most k. The proof exploits an interplay between algebra and combinatorics inherent to the study of Lyndon words.
From actions of an abelian group on itself to left braces
Authors: BALLESTER–BOLINCHES A. , ESTEBAN–ROMERO R. , KURDACHENKO L. A. , PÉREZ–CALABUIG V. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present a construction of left braces of right nilpotency class at most two based on suitable actions of an abelian group on itself with an invariance condition. This construction allows us to recover the construction of a free right nilpotent one-generated left brace of class two.