bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of a quasi‐oppositional FBI based fuzzy PIDF (1 + PI) controller for frequency regulation with renewable energy sources and energy storage elements
Authors: Sahu Jugajyoti , Satapathy Priyambada , Sahu Binod Kumar , Mohanty Pradeep Kumar , Naik Amiya Kumar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntegration of renewable energy sources (RESs) in modern power system has put a great challenge on researchers and system engineers to satisfactorily operate the power system when it is subjected to various disturbances. Automatic generation control (AGC) plays a very essential role in modern power system to control the tie‐line power flows and system frequencies. This paper illustrates about optimal design and implementation of various controllers for AGC of a two‐area non‐reheat thermal power system with some supplementary generation from dish stirling solar thermal system and wind‐turbine system. In addition to the generating sources, some energy storage systems like capacitive energy storage and redox flow battery are integrated to improve the dynamic stability of the system. Various controllers like fuzzy logic based PID controller, PID controller with filter (PIDF) and fuzzy PIDF (1 + PI) controller are used as supplementary controllers of the AGC system. The proposed controllers are optimally designed by FBI algorithm and QO‐FBI algorithm. A step load of 1% (0.01 pu) is applied in area‐1 to analyze the performances of the proposed controllers. Investigation of the study includes undershoot, overshoot and settling time of frequency and tie‐line power deviations. The percentage improvement of QO‐FBI based FPIDF (1 + PI) controller with respect to ICA based FPIDF (1 + PI) controller is examined. It is noticed that, AGC system equipped with QO‐FBI based FPIDF (1 + PI) controller outperforms ICA‐FPIDF (1 + PI) controller in all aspects. The superiority of the QO‐FBI based FPIDF (1 + PI) controller is validated under parametric variation in system parameters. Sensitivity analysis is also carried out by varying the inputs to the intermittent renewable sources. Comparative performance analysis reveals that QO‐FBI based FPIDF (1 + PI) controller performs better in comparison with other proposed controllers and a recently proposed ICA based FPIDF (1 + PI) controller.
High variability and enhanced nocturnal oxygen uptake in coral reef sponges
Authors: Moskovich Raz , Diga Rei , Ilan Micha , Yahel Gitai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSponges are animals that feed by filtering water through their perforated body. We examined the in situ diel dynamics of sponge metabolism by continuously measuring the oxygen concentrations in the water inhaled and exhaled by undisturbed sponges. A clear daily pattern of oxygen removal was evident for six of the seven species we studied with their nocturnal oxygen removal being almost double the diurnal values (+ 86 ± 57%). Oxygenic photosynthesis by the sponge's symbiotic or endolithic phototrophic microbes may explain some of the diel difference, but significant day–night differences were also observed in three sponge species for which no evidence of photosynthetic activity (tested with imaging pulse‐amplitude‐modulation Fluorometry) was found. Mean oxygen removal (± 95% confidence interval for the mean) per species ranged from 1.7 ± 1 μmol O2 per liter (hereafter: μmol O2 L−1) for the low microbial abundance (LMA) sponge Callyspongia siphonella to 30.5 ± 10.5 μmol O2 L−1 for the high microbial abundance HMA) sponge Theonella swinhoei with considerable variation in oxygen removal across all scales (minutes to hours, within and among specimens). Events of high oxygen removal (> 50 μmol L−1) were regularly observed for five of the seven species and were predominantly nocturnal, occasionally lasting several hours. The high variability in oxygen removal stresses the need for long‐term in‐situ measurements of benthic suspension feeders metabolism.
PCBP1 protects bladder cancer cells from mitochondria injury and ferroptosis by inducing LACTB mRNA degradation
Authors: Luo Yang , Zhang Yunli , Pang Shiyu , Min Jingxian , Wang Tao , Wu Dali , Lin Chun , Xiao Zebin , Xiang Qi , Li Qing , Ma Lili 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough Poly C Binding Protein 1 (PCBP1) affects cellular ferroptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, the mechanisms by which PCBP1 regulates bladder cancer (BC) cell functions are unknown. In this study, two BC cell lines (T24 and UMUC3) were treated with different doses of ferroptosis inducer erastin to analyze the effect of PCBP1. Online databases (RPISeq and CatRAPID) were used to predict the possible direct interaction between PCBP1 protein and serine β‐lactamase‐like protein (LACTB) mRNA, which was further validated via RNA pull‐down, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays. Mitochondria injury and ferroptosis were evaluated using CCK‐8 assay, TUNEL staining, flow cytometry, corresponding kits, and JC‐1 staining. In vivo experiments were conducted using tumor xenograft models. Quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect transcript expression levels, while protein levels were analyzed using western blot and immunohistochemistry. PCBP1 expression was significantly upregulated in BC tissues and cell lines. Also, PCBP1 knockdown increased erastin‐mediated ferroptosis in T24 and UMUC3 cells, while PCBP1 overexpression decreased erastin‐mediated ferroptosis in T24 and UMUC3 cells. Mechanistic results showed that LACTB mRNA is a novel PCBP1‐binding transcript. LACTB upregulation promoted erastin‐induced ferroptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, LACTB overexpression reversed PCBP1‐mediated ferroptosis protection, including decreased ROS and enhanced mitochondrial function, which were further alleviated after phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (PISD) overexpression. Moreover, PCBP1 silencing significantly enhanced tumor inhibition effect of sulfasalazine in xenograft mice transplanted with T24 and UMUC3 cells, leading to LACTB upregulation and PISD downregulation. In conclusion, PCBP1 protects BC cells against mitochondria injury and ferroptosis via LACTB/PISD axis.
Earlier second polar body transfer and further mitochondrial carryover removal for potential mitochondrial replacement therapy
Authors: Li Wenzhi , Liao Xiaoyu , Lin Kaibo , Cai Renfei , Guo Haiyan , Ma Meng , Wang Yao , Xie Yating , Zhang Shaozhen , Yan Zhiguang , Si Jiqiang , Gao Hongyuan , Zhao Leiwen , Chen Li , Yu Weina , Chen Chen , Wang Yun , Kuang Yanping , Lyu Qifeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe second polar body (PB2) transfer in assisted reproductive technology is regarded as the most promising mitochondrial replacement scheme for preventing the mitochondrial disease inheritance owing to its less mitochondrial carryover and stronger operability. However, the mitochondrial carryover was still detectable in the reconstructed oocyte in conventional second polar body transfer scheme. Moreover, the delayed operating time would increase the second polar body DNA damage. In this study, we established a spindle‐protrusion‐retained second polar body separation technique, which allowed us to perform earlier second polar body transfer to avoid DNA damage accumulation. We could also locate the fusion site after the transfer through the spindle protrusion. Then, we further eliminated the mitochondrial carryover in the reconstructed oocytes through a physically based residue removal method. The results showed that our scheme could produce a nearly normal proportion of normal‐karyotype blastocysts with further reduced mitochondrial carryover, both in mice and humans. Additionally, we also obtained mouse embryonic stem cells and healthy live‐born mice with almost undetectable mitochondrial carryover. These findings indicate that our improvement in the second polar body transfer is conducive to the development and further mitochondria carryover elimination of reconstructed embryos, which provides a valuable choice for future clinical applications of mitochondrial replacement.
A homozygous EVC mutation in a prenatal fetus with Ellis–van Creveld syndrome
Authors: Wang Jie , Wang Xiaohua , Jia Yueqi , Li Xiangnan , Liu Guohui , Sa Rula , Yu Haiquan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundEllis–van Creveld (EvC) syndrome, caused by variants in EVC, is a rare genetic skeletal dysplasia. Its clinical phenotype is highly diverse. EvC syndrome is rarely reported in prenatal stages because its presentation overlaps with other diseases.MethodsA Chinese pedigree diagnosed with EvC syndrome was enrolled in this study. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was applied in the proband to screen potential genetic variant(s), and then Sanger sequencing was used to identify the variant in family members. Minigene experiments were applied.ResultsWES identified a homozygous variant (NM_153717.3:c.153_174 + 42del) in EVC which was inherited from the heterozygous parents and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Further experiments demonstrated that this variant disrupts the canonical splicing site and produces a new splicing site at NM_153717.3: c.‐164_174del, which ultimately leads to a 337 bp deletion at the 3′ end of exon 1 and loss of the start codon.ConclusionThis is the first reported case of EvC syndrome based on a splicing variant and detailed delineation of the aberrant splicing effect in the fetus. Our study demonstrates the pathogenesis of this new variant, expands the spectrum of EVC mutations, and demonstrates that WES is a powerful tool in the clinical diagnosis of diseases with genetic heterogeneity.
Gender‐specific data‐driven adiposity subtypes using deep‐learning‐based abdominal CT segmentation
Authors: Zou Xiantong , Zhou Xianghai , Li Yufeng , Huang Qi , Ni Yuan , Zhang Ruiming , Zhang Fang , Wen Xin , Cheng Jiayu , Yuan Yanping , Yu Yue , Guo Chengcheng , Xie Guotong , Ji Linong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to quantify abdominal adiposity and generate data‐driven adiposity subtypes with different diabetes risks.MethodsA total of 3817 participants from the Pinggu Metabolic Disease Study were recruited. A deep‐learning‐based recognition model on abdominal computed tomography (CT) images (A‐CT model) was developed and validated in 100 randomly selected cases. The volumes and proportions of subcutaneous fat, visceral fat, liver fat, and muscle fat were automatically recognized in all cases. K‐means clustering was used to identify subgroups using the proportions of the four fat components.ResultsThe Dice indices among the measurements assessed by the A‐CT model and manual evaluation to detect liver fat, muscle fat, and subcutaneous fat areas were 0.96, 0.95, and 0.92, respectively. Three subtypes were generated separately in men and women: visceral fat dominant type (VFD); subcutaneous fat dominant type (SFD); and intermuscular fat dominant type (MFD). Compared with the SFD group, the MFD group had similar diabetes risk, and the VFD group had a 60% higher diabetes risk when age and BMI were adjusted for in men. The adjusted odds ratio for diabetes was 1.92 (95% CI: 1.32‐2.78) in the MFD group and 6.14 (95% CI: 4.18‐9.03) in the VFD group in women.ConclusionsThis study identified gender‐specific abdominal adiposity subgroups, which may help clinicians to distinguish diabetes risk quickly and automatically.
Comparative adherence trajectories of oral disease‐modifying agents in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Earla Jagadeswara Rao , Li Jieni , Hutton George J. , Johnson Michael L. , Aparasu Rajender R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudy ObjectiveThis study compared the adherence trajectories of fingolimod (FIN), teriflunomide (TER), and dimethyl fumarate (DMF) users with multiple sclerosis (MS) as there is limited evidence regarding the comparative adherence patterns of different oral disease‐modifying agents (DMAs).DesignA retrospective cohort studyData Source2015–2019 IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims Database.PatientsAdults (≥18 years) with MS (International Classification of Diseases [ICD]‐9/10‐Clinical Modification [CM]:340/G35) diagnosis and ≥1 DMA prescription.InterventionIncident FIN‐, TER‐, or DMF use based on the index DMA with 1 year of washout period.MeasurementsThe DMA adherence trajectories based on the proportion of days covered (PDC) were examined using the Group‐Based Trajectory Modeling (GBTM) one year after the treatment initiation. Generalized boosting models (GBM)‐based inverse probability treatment weights (IPTW) were incorporated in multinomial logistic regression to assess the comparative adherence trajectories across oral DMAs with FIN group as a reference category.Measurements and Main ResultsThe study cohort consisted of 1913 patients with MS who were initiated with FIN (24.2%,n = 462), TER (24.0%,n = 458), and DMF (51.9%,n = 993) during 2016–2018. The adherence rate (PDC ≥ 0.8) among FIN, TER, and DMF users was found to be 70.8% (n = 327), 59.6% (n = 273), and 61.0% (n = 606), respectively. The GBTM grouped patients into three adherence trajectories: Complete Adherers—59.1%, Slow Decliners—22.6%, and Rapid Discontinuers—18.3%. The multinomial logistic regression model involving GBM‐based IPTW revealed that DMF (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.57–3.42) and TER (aOR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.62–3.88) users had higher odds to be rapid discontinuers relative to FIN users. In addition, TER users were more likely (aOR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.06–2.13) to be slow decliners compared with FIN users.ConclusionTeriflunomide and DMF were associated with poorer adherence trajectories than FIN. More research is needed to evaluate the clinical implications of these adherence trajectories of oral DMAs to optimize the management of MS.
Patterns of health‐promoting behaviors and associated factors in family caregivers of people receiving cancer treatment: A latent class profile analysis
Authors: Son Elisa H. , Wallen Gwenyth R. , Flynn Sharon , Yang Li , Lee Lena J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveFamily caregivers tend to neglect their health while prioritizing the needs of their care recipients. Identifying subgroups of caregivers based on the patterns of health‐promoting behaviors (HPBs) may help develop tailored interventions for them, yet little is known. The purpose of this study was: (1) to identify latent classes with distinct patterns of HPBs in family caregivers of people with cancer; and (2) to investigate factors associated with the latent class membership.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional data analysis using the baseline dataset from a longitudinal survey study that assessed HPBs of family caregivers of individuals who received cancer treatment at a national research hospital (N = 124). Latent class profile analysis was conducted to identify latent classes based on the subdomains of the Health‐Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, followed by multinomial logistic regression analysis to investigate factors associated with the latent class membership.ResultsThree latent classes were identified: a high level of HPB (Class 1, 25.8%); a moderate level of HPB (Class 2, 53.2%); and a low level of HPB (Class 3, 21.0%) of HPBs. Controlling for caregiver age and sex, caregiver burden due to lack of family support, perceived stress, self‐efficacy and body mass index were factors associated with the latent class membership.ConclusionsHPBs of our caregiver sample appeared in relatively stable patterns at different levels. Higher caregiver burden and perceived stress and lower self‐efficacy were associated with the lower practice of HPBs overall. Our findings may serve as a reference for screening caregivers who need support and developing person‐centered interventions.
Biogeochemistry of low‐ and high‐centered ice‐wedge polygons in wetlands in Svalbard
Authors: Jones Eleanor L. , Hodson Andrew J. , Redeker Kelly R. , Christiansen Hanne H. , Thornton Steve F. , Rogers Jade 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArctic wetlands are a globally significant store of soil organic carbon. They are often characterized by ice‐wedge polygons, which are diagnostic of lowland permafrost, and which greatly influence wetland hydrology and biogeochemistry during summer. The degradation of ice‐wedge polygons, which can occur in response to climate change or local disturbance, has poorly understood consequences for biogeochemical processes. We therefore used geochemical analyses from the active layer and top permafrost to identify and compare the dominant biogeochemical processes in high‐centered (degraded) and low‐centered (pristine) polygons situated in the raised beach sediments and valley‐infill sediments of Adventdalen, Central Svalbard. We found similar organic‐rich sediments in both cases (up to 38 dry wt.%), but while low‐centered polygons were water‐saturated, their high‐centered counterparts had a relatively dry active layer. Consequently, low‐centered polygons showed evidence of iron and sulfate reduction leading to the precipitation of pyrite and siderite, whilst the high‐centered polygons demonstrated more oxidizing conditions, with decreased iron oxidation and low preservation of iron and sulfate reduction products in the sediments. This study thus demonstrates the profound effect of ice‐wedge polygon degradation on the redox chemistry of the host sediment and porewater, namely more oxidizing conditions, a decrease in iron reduction, and a decrease in the preservation of iron and sulfate reduction products.
Value of synthetic MRI quantitative parameters in preprocedural evaluation for TRUS/MRI fusion‐guided biopsy of the prostate
Authors: Cao Haiyan , Xu Wenjuan , Xu Yan , Rong Xin , Xiao Xiao , Feng Hao , Wang Xiaoxiang , Wang Lei , Qi Tingyue , Zhang Li 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTransrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fusion‐guided biopsy has a high clinical application value. However, this technique has some limitations, which limit its use in routine clinical practice. Therefore, the selection of suitable proatate lesions for this technique is worthy of our attention. Synthetic MRI (SyMRI) is capable of quantifying multiple relaxation parameters, which might have potential value in preprocedural evaluation for TRUS/MRI fusion‐guided biopsy of the prostate. The aim of our study is to examine the value of SyMRI quantitative parameters in preprocedural evaluation for TRUS/MRI fusion‐guided biopsy of the prostate.MethodsWe prospectively selected 148 lesions in 137 patients who underwent prostate biopsy in our hospital. Next, 2–4 needles of TRUS/MRI fusion‐guided biopsy combined with 10 needles of system biopsy (SB) were used as the protocol for prostate biopsy. Before biopsy, the MAGiC sequences of the MRI images of the enrolled patients underwent post‐processing, and the longitudinal relaxation time (T1), transverse relaxation time (T2), and proton density (PD) were extracted. The biopsy pathology results were used as a gold standard to compare the differences in SyMRI quantitative parameters between benign and malignant prostate lesions in the peripheral and transitional zones. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to confirm the optimal SyMRI quantitative parameter for prostate lesion benignancy/malignancy performance, and the cutoff values of these parameters were used for grouping the lesions. The single‐needle biopsy prostate cancer (PCa)‐positivity rates (number of positive biopsy needles/total biopsy needles) and PCa overall detection rates by TRUS/MRI fusion‐guided biopsy and SB were compared in different subgroups.ResultsThe T1 and T2 values can determine the benignancy/malignancy of prostate transition lesions(p < 0.01), and the T2 value has a greater diagnostic performance (p = 0.0376). The T2 value can determine the benignancy/malignancy of prostate peripheral lesions. The optimal diagnostic cutoff values for T2 were 77 and 81 ms, respectively. The single‐needle PCa positivity rate of TRUS/MRI fusion‐guided biopsy was higher than SB for any prostate lesions in different subgroups (p < 0.01). However, only in the subgroup of transition zone lesions with T2 ≤ 77 ms, the PCa overall detection rate of TRUS/MRI fusion‐guided biopsy was significantly higher than that of SB (p = 0.031).ConclusionSyMRI‐T2 value can provide a theoretical basis for the selection of suitable lesions for TRUS/MRI fusion‐guided biopsy.
Agrimoniin is a dual inhibitor of AKT and ERK pathways that inhibit pancreatic cancer cell proliferation
Authors: Zhang Xiongfei , Chen Jianping , Xi Beili , Liu Yutong , Wang Shaojun , Gu Ling , Zhao Huanhuan , Tao Li , Hua Yang , Wang Yan , Chen Meijuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMolecular‐targeted therapy has shown its effectiveness in pancreatic cancer, while single‐targeted drug often cannot provide long‐term benefit because of drug resistance. Fortunately, multitarget combination therapy can reverse drug resistance and achieve better efficacy. The typical treatment characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine monomer on tumor are multiple targets, with small side effects, low toxicity, and so forth. Agrimoniin has been reported to be effective on some cancers, while the mechanism still needs to be clarified. In this study, we used 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine, cell counting kit‐8, flow cytometry, and western blot experiments to confirm that agrimoniin can significantly inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell PANC‐1 by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In addition, by using SC79, LY294002 (the agonist or inhibitor of AKT pathway), and U0126 (the inhibitor of ERK pathway), we found that agrimoniin inhibited cell proliferation by simultaneously inhibiting AKT and ERK pathways. Moreover, agrimoniin could significantly increase the inhibitory effect of LY294002 and U0126 on pancreatic cancer cells. Meanwhile, in vivo experiments also supported the above results. In general, agrimoniin is a double‐target inhibitor of AKT and ERK pathways in pancreatic cancer cells; it is expected to be used as a resistance reversal agent of targeted drugs or a synergistic drug of the inhibitor of AKT pathway or ERK pathway.
“It's that invisible illness”: Patient and clinician perspectives on outcomes in pulmonary arterial hypertension treatment
Authors: Auriemma Catherine L. , Minhas Jasleen , Blue Randi , Lapatra Tess , Kawut Steven M. , Courtright Katherine R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractKnowledge of what outcomes are most meaningful to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) stakeholders is limited. In this qualitative study, patients and clinicians endorsed personalized physical activity, symptoms, and psychosocial well‐being as key outcomes to assess PAH treatment response, yet few are routinely measured in PAH clinical trials.
Control barrier functionals: Safety‐critical control for time delay systems
Authors: Kiss Adam K. , Molnar Tamas G. , Ames Aaron D. , Orosz Gabor 
Published: May 2023

AbstarctThis work presents a theoretical framework for the safety‐critical control of time delay systems. The theory of control barrier functions, that provides formal safety guarantees for delay‐free systems, is extended to systems with state delay. The notion of control barrier functionals is introduced, to attain formal safety guarantees by enforcing the forward invariance of safe sets defined in the infinite dimensional state space. The proposed framework is able to handle multiple delays and distributed delays both in the dynamics and in the safety condition, and provides an affine constraint on the control input that yields provable safety. This constraint can be incorporated into optimization problems to synthesize pointwise optimal and provable safe controllers. The applicability of the proposed method is demonstrated by numerical simulation examples.