bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mirror, mirror on my screen: Focus on self-presentation on social media is associated with perfectionism and eating disturbance among adolescents. Results from the “LifeOnSome”-study.
Authors: Danielsen Hilde Einarsdatter , Finserås Turi Reiten , Andersen Amanda Iselin Olesen , Hjetland Gunnhild Johnsen , Woodfin Vivian , Skogen Jens Christoffer 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background Social media use, perfectionism, and eating disturbances have all increased over the last decades. Some studied indicate that there is a relationship between being exposed to others self-presentation on social media and eating disturbances. Studies also show that the relationship between focus on self-presentation and highly visual social media is stronger than for non-visual social media, hence facilitating upward social comparison. Nevertheless, no previous studies have investigated the link between adolescents focus on their own self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media, and perfectionism and eating disturbances, which is the aim of the present study.Method The present study is based on a cross-sectional survey from the “LifeOnSoMe”-study (N = 3725), conducted in 2020 and 2021. Respondents were high school students (mean age 17.3 years, 55% females) in Bergen, Norway. Multiple regression analysis was performed where SPAUSCIS, a measure of self-presentation and upward social comparison, was the independent variable. Perfectionism, eating disturbance and self-reported eating disorder were dependent variables. Self-reported age, gender, and subjective socioeconomic status were used as covariates, as well as frequency and duration of social media use. Regression models were performed to compare proportions across the median split of SPAUSCIS, and potential gender-moderation were assessed for the associations with perfectionism and eating disturbance.Results The multiple regression analysis showed that increased focus on self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media were positively associated with both perfectionism (standardised coefficient 0.28) and eating disturbance. A stronger association for girls than boys was found for eating disturbance (standardised coefficient 0.39 for girls and 0.29 for boys). There was no gender moderation for perfectionism.Conclusions Findings suggest that focus on self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media is associated with perfectionism, eating disturbance and eating disorder. We recommend promoting a healthy use of social media. This could be established through increasing adolescents’ ability to reflect on and think critically about self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media.
The Current State of Internet Videos Related to Spinal diseases in Mainland China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chen Chang , Li Wen , Chen Ge , Yin Yiran , Zhong Xiao , Zhang Dexiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Information about spinal diseases on the internet has not been extensively assessed. Our purpose was to collect and evaluate the online information of spinal diseases on common video-sharing platforms in mainland China.
Method: Three video-sharing platforms (Toutiao, Bilibili and TikTok) was independently queried for 10 common spinal diseases from April to May 2023 by three independent researchers using the Microsoft Edge web browser. Information about the videos and creators was recorded, and descriptive analyses of the overall and first 25 results were conducted.
Results: Totally 10,143 search results were retrieved by searching 10 spinal-related terms (6154 from Bilibili, 1884 from Toutiao, 2105 from TikTok). In the first 25 search results of 10 searched terms, a total of 270 videos (36.0%) were uploaded by certified orthopedic surgeons, with 222 videos (29.6%) uploaded by senior professional titles. 88% of the videos contained content of popular introduction (n = 660), while professional knowledge accounts for 47.9% (n = 359). Among them, diagnosis was the most content (23.9%, n = 179), and surgical technique was the least (2.9%, n = 22). Videos from TikTok contained higher proportion of certified orthopedic surgeons (77.6%), senior professional titles (69.2%) and professional knowledge (90.4%) than the other two video-sharing platforms.
Conclusion: Videos about spinal diseases on current video-sharing platforms are extensive but not comprehensive and professional, while the videos on TikTok may have relatively higher quality and accuracy. The proportion of certified orthopedic surgeons and professional knowledge is still low. The management and censorship need to be further improved to solve the problem of low-quality and attract more orthopedic surgeons to participate in online video creation.
An immunoinformatic approach to design siRNA molecules against SARS-CoV-2 double membrane vesicle formation and accessory genes
Authors: Nawaz Rabia , Arif Muhammad Ali , Ahmad Zainab , Ahad Ammara , Shahid Muhammad , Hassan Zohal , Husnain Ali , Aslam Ali , Mehmood Uqba , Khan Idrees 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:The corona virus SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of recent most global pandemic. Its genome encodes various proteins categorized as non-structural, accessory, and structural proteins. The non-structural proteins, NSP1-16, are located within the ORF1ab. The NSP3, 4, and 6 together are involved in formation of double membrane vesicle (DMV) in host Golgi apparatus. These vesicles provide anchorage to viral replicative complexes, thus assist replication inside the host cell. While the accessory genes coded by ORFs 3a, 3b, 6, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9b, 9c, and 10 contribute in cell entry, immunoevasion, and pathological progression.Methods:Thisin silicostudy is focused on designing sequence specific siRNA molecules as a tool for silencing the non-structural and accessory genes of the virus. The gene sequences of NSP3, 4, and 6 along with ORF3a, 6, 7a, 8, and 10 were retrieved for conservation, phylogenetic, and sequence logo analyses. siRNA candidates were predicted using siDirect 2.0 targeting these genes. The GC content, melting temperatures, and various validation scores were calculated. Secondary structures of the guide strands and siRNA-target duplexes were predicted. Finally, tertiary structures were predicted and subjected to structural validations.Results:This study revealed that NSP3, 4, and 6 and accessory genes ORF3a, 6, 7a, 8, and 10 have high levels of conservation across globally circulating SARS-CoV-2 strains. A total of 71 siRNA molecules were predicted against the selected genes. Following rigorous screening including binary validations and minimum free energies, final siRNAs with high therapeutic potential were identified, including 7, 2, and 1 against NSP3, NSP4, and NSP6, as well as 3, 1, 2, and 1 targeting ORF3a, ORF7a, ORF8, and ORF10, respectively.Conclusion:Our novelin silicopipeline integrates effective methods from previous studies to predict and validate siRNA molecules, having the potential to inhibit viral replication pathway in vitro. In total, this study identified 17 highly specific siRNA molecules targeting NSP3, 4, and 6 and accessory genes ORF3a, 7a, 8, and 10 of SARS-CoV-2, which might be used as an additional antiviral treatment option especially in the cases of life-threatening urgencies.
Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave activities in the upper mesosphere measured by space-borne imaging of molecular oxygen nightglow
Authors: Hozumi Yuta , Saito Akinori , Sakanoi Takeshi , Yue Jia , Yamazaki Atsushi , Liu Hanli 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Geographical and seasonal variations of gravity wave events in the upper mesosphere were investigated from the nightglow imaging data obtained by the Visible and near-Infrared Spectral Imager (VISI) on the Ionosphere, Mesosphere, upper Atmosphere and Plasmasphere (IMAP) onboard the International Space Station (ISS). The nadir-imaging data of the O2(0-0) atmospheric band (762 nm) with the typical emission peak around 95 km altitude, is used to investigate small-scale waves (horizontal wavelength less than ~100 km) on a global scale. To detect gravity wave events, the variance of hi-pass filtered nightglow images within a local 100 km circle was evaluated with a threshold three times the standard deviation from the average variance of the background level. A data screening algorithm that evaluates a variance of upwelling contamination light emission was also introduced to remove contaminated data. Applying the variance filter and data screening algorithm to a nearly three years data set, from November 2012 to August 2015, occurrence maps of wave events for four seasons were derived. Middle to high latitudes in the summer hemisphere show higher occurrence with three longitudinal maxima. These summer hemisphere enhancements are likely attributed to poleward propagating waves from subtropical regions generated by convective activities. The occurrence map also shows several seasonal hot spots, e.g., over the southern Andes in the local winter, and the Indochina peninsula in boreal spring. Gravity wave hot spots were found near both orographic sources and regions of strong convection.
Identification of ATF3 as a novel protective signature of quiescent colorectal tumor cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaonan , Lu Xi , Zhong Lei , Lindel Emma , Veanes Margus , Guo Jing , Zhao Miao , Salehi Maede , Swartling Fredrik , Chen Xingqi , Sjoblom Tobias 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of death in the world. In most cases, drug resistance and tumor recurrence are ultimately inevitable. One obstacle is the presence of chemotherapy-insensitive quiescent cancer cells (QCCs). Identification of unique features of QCCs may facilitate the development of new targeted therapeutic strategies to eliminate tumor cells and thereby delay tumor recurrence. Here, using single-cell RNA-sequencing, we classified proliferating and quiescent cancer cell populations in human colorectal cancer spheroid model and identified ATF3 as a novel signature of QCCs which could support cells living in a metabolically restricted microenvironment. RNA velocity further showed a shift from the QCC group to the PCC group indicating the regenerative capacity of the QCCs. Our further results of ATAC-Seq genomic tracing, STING analysis, and evaluation on TCGA COAD datasets build a conclusion that ATF3 can interact with DDIT4 and TRIB3 at transcriptional and translational level. In addition, decreasing the expression level of ATF3 could enhance the efficacy of 5-FU on CRC MCTS models. In conclusion, ATF3 was identified as a novel marker of QCC, and combining generic drugs targeting PCC with an option to target QCC by reducing ATF3 expression levels may be a promising strategy for more efficient removal of tumor cells.
Neural Machine Translation and Post-editing: Improving translation of domain specific English terms for a low resource language
Authors: Asadi Vahid , Shokpour Nasrin , O'Neill Shirley , Dann Christopher , Wang Jenny 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has demonstrated salient enhancement and quality output in various aspects, but issues remain when translating specific terms across domains when data are heterogeneous or dealing with rare phrases. To explore this, the translation system for the language pair: English and Persian, was considered, since low resource languages like Persian require more effort and attention to provide accurate translation when dealing with texts in specific domains. An aligned parallel terminology database was created in the Information Technology domain, where all terms were manually annotated. Data were selected from a collection of parallel sentences from the OPUS repository. Terms in the source and the target language were identified and annotated manually. After training an NMT model, the system was manually evaluated on the effectiveness of the application of instance selection to retrieve sentences. Its use led to an overall enhancement in post-editing, thereby achieving a better translation. Besides gaining insights into errors and system performance, this method provides guidance for setting priorities for future extensions and improvements for machine translation. It also sheds light on the use of instance selection across different scenarios in relation to low resource languages like Persian to achieve an overall high quality term translation accuracy.
Predictive value of SIRI and SII for metastases in RCC: A prospective clinical study
Authors: Arı Emre , Köseoğlu Hikmet , Eroğlu Tolga 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background:
Prediction of possible postoperative metastases of renal cell carcinoma is a compelling challenge for clinicians. In this prospective cross-sectional clinical study we aimed to determine the efficiency of the preoperative hematological markers namely SIRI (systemic inflammatory response index) and SII (systemic inflammatory index) for renal cell carcinoma to predict the possibility of postoperative metastases.
Methods:
72 patients who were diagnosed with RCC and underwent surgery in Urology Clinic of Istanbul Training and Research Hospital or were included in the treatment planning in the Medical Oncology Clinic of Istanbul Training and Research Hospital between July 2022 and January 2023 were included in the study. All cases with diagnoses of renal cell carcinoma were obtained from the hospital records. Patients with secondary malignancy, hematological or rhemotological disorders or ones with the recent blood product transfusion or diagnoses of infection within the 1-month-time of diagnoses were excluded. The data within complete blood counts analysed just before the time of renal biopsy or surgery were analysed for SIRI and SII calculations. A total of 22 metastatic and 50 non-metastatic RCC patients were included. SIRI and SII values were compared among groups to seek the change of values in case of meastatasis and in non-metastatic patients a cut-off value were sought to indicate malignancy before pathological diagnosis.
Results:
Mean age of non-metastatic RCC patients were 60.12+/-11.55 years and metastatic RCC patients were 60.25+/-11.72. Histological sub-types of the RCC specimens were clear cell (72%), chromophobe cell (17%), papillary cell (7%) and others (4%). Median SIRI values for non-metastatic and metastatic groups were 1.26 and 2.1 (mean+/-S.D. 1.76 +/-1.9 and 3.12+/-4.22 respectively (p<0.05). Median SII values for non-metastatic and metastatic groups were 566 and 1434 (mean+/-S.D. 870 +/-1019 and 1537+/-917) respectively(p<0.001).
Conclusions: SIRI and SII indexes seem to show a moderate efficiency to show metastases in RCC.
Trial Registration: -
Approved by the Health Sciences University Istanbul Health Practice and Research Center, Clinical Research and Ethics Committee (22.07.2022/Desicion Number: 235)
The comparative analysis of the clinicopathologic and CT features of hepatitis B virus- positive and negative intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients with different pathological degree differentiation
Authors: Huang Xiaoli , Yu Dan , Gu Xintao , Li Jiansun , Chen Jiaqi , Zou Yuanqiang , Liao Jinyuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background hepatitis B is a risk factor for the development of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The prognosis of HBV-related ICC remains to be further investigated.
AimsTo investigate the clinical, pathological and imaging features of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma of hepatitis B virus-positive and -negative patients.
MethodsData from January 31, 2012 to December 31, 2019 of 138 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into hepatitis B virus-positive group (group A[n=66]) and virus-negative group (group B[n=72]), and the patients were divided into well-to-moderately differentiated group and poorly differentiated group according to pathological differentiation degree. The differences in clinical, imaging characteristics and the progression-free survival between groups were statistically analyzed.
Results There were significant differences in gender, age, HBs antibody, HBc antibody, CA125 and AFP between the two groups (P<0.05); tumor distribution site, maximum diameter, plain scan density, blunting of the inferior hepatic angle, peritumoral bile duct dilatation, vascular encasement invasion, intrahepatic bile duct dilatation and abdominal lymphadenopathy between the two groups (P<0.05); There were statistical differences in tumor plain scan density and signs of vascular encasement and invasion between the two groups with well-to-moderately differentiated tumors (P<0.05); there were statistical differences in tumor plain scan density, signs of vascular encasement and lymphadenopathy between the two groups with poorly differentiated tumors (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in postoperative PFS between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion The clinical and imaging features of ICC of hepatitis B virus-positive and -negative patients are different, and there is little difference in postoperative disease-free survival time.
Multinomial machine learning identifies independent biomarkers by integrated metabolic analysis of acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Fu Meijiao , He Ruhua , Zhang Zhihan , Ma Fuqing , Shen Libo , Zhang Yu , Duan Mingyu , Zhang Yameng , Wang Yifan , Zhu Li , He Jun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Small-molecule metabolite variations may reflect etiologies of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and serve as biomarkers of ACS. Major confounders may exert spurious effects on the relationship between metabolism and ACS. It aims to identify independent biomarkers for different types of ACS by integrating of serum and urinary metabolomics.
Methods
We performed liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based metabolomics study on serum and urine samples from 44 patients with unstable angina (UA), 77 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and 29 healthy controls (HC). Multinomial machine-learning-based integrated metabolite profiling and assessment of the confounders were used to integrate a biomarker panel for distinguishing the three groups.
Results
Different metabolic landscapes were portrayed for HC vs. UA, HC vs. AMI, and UA vs. AMI. Specifically, ACS risk was associated with metabolites increasing in alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, and butanoate metabolism. An integrated model dependent on ACS, including 2-ketobutyric acid, SM (d18:1/20:0) of serum, and argininosuccinic acid, N6-Acetyl-L-lysine of urine, demarcated different ACS patients, providing a C-index of 0.993 (HC vs. UA), 0.941 (HC vs. AMI), and 0.930 (UA vs. AMI). Moreover, the four metabolites dynamically altered with ACS severity and positively or negatively correlated with ACS phenotypes.
Conclusion
The integration of serum and urinary metabolites provided an independent diagnostic biomarker panel for ACS.
Spin-Polarized Majorana Zero Modes in Proximitized Superconducting Penta-Silicene Nanoribbons
Authors: Ribeiro R. C. Bento , Correa J. H. , Ricco L. S. , Shelykh I. A. , Continentino Mucio A. , Seridonio A. C. , Minissale M. , Lay G. Le , Figueira M. S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We theoretically investigate the possibility of obtaining Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in penta-silicene nanoribbons (p-SiNRs) with induced \textit{p}-wave superconductivity. The model explicitly considers an external magnetic field perpendicularly applied to the nanoribbon plane, as well as an extrinsic Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC), in addition to the first nearest neighbor hopping term and \textit{p}-wave superconducting pairing. By analyzing the dispersion relation profiles, we observe the successive closing and reopening of the induced superconducting gap with a single spin component, indicating a spin-polarized topological phase transition (TPT). Correspondingly, the plots of the energy spectrum versus the chemical potential reveal the existence of zero-energy states with a preferential spin orientation characterized by nonoverlapping wave functions localized at opposite ends of the superconducting p-SiNRs. These findings strongly suggest the emergence of topologically protected, spin-polarized MZMs at the ends of the p-SiNRs with induced \textit{p}-wave superconducting pairing, which can be realized by proximitizing the nanoribbon with an \textit{s}-wave superconductor, such as lead. The proposal paves the way for silicene-based Majorana devices hosting multiple MZMs with a well-defined spin orientation, with possible applications in fault-tolerant quantum computing platforms and Majorana spintronics.
A Deep learning framework for domain generation algorithm based malware detection
Authors: Abhiram P , Anver S R , Rahiman M Abdul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Command and control server, also known as C2 or C&C related cyberat-tacks have sharply grown in recent years. Attackers typically use a domain generating algorithm (DGA) to generate domain names in a random fashion for their C&C servers automatically. As a result, a thorough investigation into the identification of DGA domains has been conducted. On the other side, a lot of anti-malware programmes rely on network whitelisting, hashing, or static string verification. These strategies are fundamental for usage with those risky malware attacks, which can conceal their existence and employ various techniques to evade detection. A two-level model makes up the suggested deep learning framework. First, features from the domain names are generated using a feature generator. Next, DGA domains are distinguished from other domain types, and last, the clustering phase is utilised to pinpoint the type of those DGA domains. This paper demonstrates how the suggested system can efficiently extract the attributes from the domain names, as well as group, categorise, and detect harmful domains with more precision. When compared to other models, the proposed model performs better.
Synthesis, and Characterization of Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC) From Corncob /PVA Based Bio nanocomposite
Authors: Esubalew Getahun , Tiruneh Asnake Helia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The study has been carried out to investigate the effect of incorporating corncob cellulose nanocrystals in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix with the aim of enhancing the mechanical properties of PVA for reinforcement purposes. Cellulose nanocrystals were extracted from corncob by the method of sulfuric acid hydrolysis, with the objective of achieving maximum yield (41.8%) of cellulose nanocrystal found at the parameter interaction of 65wt.% sulfuric acid concentration,45℃ reaction temperature, and 60 minutes of hydrolysis time. Fourier transform infrared showed that Cellulose nanocrystals prepared from the hydrolysis of the isolated cellulose in the sulfuric acid had needle-shaped morphology, an average length of 170.3nm, and a crystallinity index of 79.3%. The crystallinity index obtained from x-ray diffraction for cellulose nanocrystal was found higher than extracted cellulose with a value of 79.3% and 76.4% respectively. Thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis showed that the degradation temperature of the cellulose nanocrystals reached around 327℃, which was higher than that of the raw corncob and extracted corncob cellulose. Nanocomposite films were prepared by solution casting technique using 2, 4, and 6 wt% cellulose nanofillers, using pure PVA as the basis for the study. Parameters such as tensile strength, elongation, and elastic modulus were studied, and significant improvements in the properties of polyvinyl alcohol films containing cellulose nanofillers were observed. The tensile strength and modulus of PVA-reinforced nanocellulose composites were significantly improved with increasing nanocellulose loading. Therefore, dispersing 6% by weight of nanocrystalline cellulose in polyvinyl alcohol polymer increased tensile stress by 17.9% and modulus by 67.15%. 6 wt. The increase in elongation at break was 56.7% when using cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). Thermogravimetric analysis results of 6 wt% CNC-enhanced PVA show that high weight loss (approximately 84% weight loss of total weight) occurred in the temperature range from 265.6 to 491.61°C.