bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does a Simple Blood Gas Analysis and the Clinical Impression Predict Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy?
Authors: Hilbert-Carius Peter , Lefering Rolf , Wrigge Hermann , Hofmann Gunther O. , Davis Jesse , Koch Renè 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Objectives Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is common in severely injured patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
Method The association of two parameters of blood gas analysis (hemoglobin [Hb], base excess [BE]) with standard coagulation tests (SCTs) and rotational thrombelastometry (ROTEM) using the database of the TraumaRegister DGU between 2015 and 2022 was studied. In a stepwise approach, the occurrence of a TIC, the correlations between Hb/BE levels and SCT, as well as ROTEM were calculated respectively. Then we aimed to detect relations between different Hb/BE levels and the occurrence of TIC, using standard clotting studies and/or ROTEM respectively.
Results TIC occurred in 17.2% of the 68,996 primarily admitted adult patients with Injury Severity Score ≥9. A high correlation was found between Hb/BE and SCT. With a decrease in Hb and BE, the frequency of TIC increased and at an admission Hb <8 g/dL and BE < −6 mmol/L, >60% of patients presented with TIC. Clinical conditions associated with TIC were Glasgow Coma Scale ≤8, blood pressure ≤90 mmHg on the scene or at hospital admission, prehospital volume >1,000 mL, serious injuries to the head and/or the thorax and/or the abdomen and/or the extremities.
Conclusion Almost one-sixth of patients present with a TIC at hospital admission. Blood gas analysis samples showed relevant correlations between Hb/BE levels and SCT. The combined closer inspection of Hb/BE and the clinical presentation of the patient is able to predict TIC in the majority of patients.
Alterstraumazentren: Anforderungen und
Patientenprofil
Authors: Neuerburg Carl , Fleischhacker Evi , Eschbach Daphne , Schöneberg Carsten , Liener Ulrich Christoph , Fries Thomas , Schmidmaier Ralf 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungAlterstraumazentren (ATZ) sind spezialisierte Einrichtungen zur Frakturversorgung
bei vulnerablen, älteren Traumapatienten, welche aufgrund oftmals vorhandener
Begleiterscheinungen wie Osteoporose, Polypharmazie, Sarkopenie etc. ein
erhöhtes Fraktur-/Komplikationsrisiko aufweisen. Die häufigsten Frakturen
betreffen das Hüftgelenk, den distalen Radius, den proximalen Humerus, die
Wirbelsäule und den Beckenring. Eine zentrale Herausforderung in der Behandlung
älterer Patienten ist die ganzheitliche Versorgung sowie die rasche
Mobilisierung, da längere Immobilisationsphasen zu einem irreversiblen
Muskelmasseverlust und Komplikationen im Behandlungsverlauf mit irreversiblen
Funktionseinbußen führen können. Das interdisziplinäre Team in der Versorgung
geriatrischer Traumapatienten setzt sich dabei im Wesentlichen aus
Orthopäden/Unfallchirurgen, Geriatern, Physio-/Ergotherapeuten, Logopäden,
Pflegekräften und Sozialdienstmitarbeitern zusammen. Die vollumfängliche
interdisziplinäre Versorgung geriatrischer Traumapatienten kann in Form der sog.
geriatrischen Komplexbehandlung umgesetzt werden und hat zum Ziel
Begleiterkrankungen wie Herzinsuffizienz, Diabetes mellitus und kognitive
Einschränkungen ganzheitlich in der Frakturversorgung mitzubehandeln. Der
GBA-Beschluss „hüftgelenknahe Femurfrakturen“ QsFFx von 2021 betont die
Notwendigkeit einer schnellen interdisziplinären Versorgung und Mobilisierung
nach hüftgelenknahen Femurfrakturen und unterstreicht die zunehmende
gesundheitsökonomische Bedeutung einer ganzheitlichen Rehabilitation. In diesem
Beitrag werden die Ansprüche an Alterstraumazentren, die Zusammensetzung eines
interdisziplinären Teams, typische Patientenprofile und Frakturentitäten sowie
die Bedeutung einer raschen schmerzadaptierten Mobilisation bei älteren
Frakturpatienten erläutert.
Fourteen weeks of β-alanine supplementation and HIIT did not improve
serum BDNF concentrations and Stroop test performance
Authors: Mendonça Paloma Tavares , Dutra Yago Medeiros , Antunes Barbara M. , Lira Fabio , Zagatto Alessandro Moura 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate whether 14 weeks of β-alanine supplementation and
high-intensity intermittent training improves brain-derived neurotrophic factor
concentrations and cognitive aspects related to executive functions assessed by
the Stroop test. Thirteen healthy and active men underwent a 4-week
supplementation period (β-alanine: 6.4 g/d or a placebo) followed by 10-week
supplementation combined with high-intensity intermittent training, totaling 14
weeks of intervention. Participants underwent a graded exercise test, while the
blood samples for brain-derived neurotrophic factor analysis and the Stroop test
(cognitive task) were assessed before and after a high-intensity intermittent
exercise (10 runs of 1:1 min effort and a pause ratio at 130% of respiratory
compensation point). These measurements were performed three times across the
study being at baseline, after 4 weeks of supplementation
(POST4weeks) and at the end of the 14 weeks of study
(POST14weeks). Compared to baseline values, there were no
improvements in brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentrations or Stroop test
performance with either β-alanine or high-intensity intermittent training.
Lactate peak concentrations in a high-intensity intermittent exercise session
also did not differ between groups. However, high-intensity intermittent
training did improve some cardiorespiratory parameters (i.e., intensity
associated with V̇O2max
p=0.01 and respiratory compensation point, p=0.01). In conclusion,
β-alanine supplementation alone or associated with high-intensity intermittent
training did not improve the brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentrations
and Stroop test performance in healthy men.
Anwendung von adjuvanten Therapiemethoden in der Tabak- und Nikotinberatung – Ergebnisse einer anonymen Befragung
Authors: Ulbricht Sabina , Rustler Christa , Vitzthum Karin 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungDie Beratung und Behandlung von Tabak- und Nikotinkonsumierenden beinhaltet die Anwendung klassisch-verhaltenstherapeutischer sowie kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutischer Methoden. Mehr als die Hälfte derjenigen, die nach einer Maßnahme nicht mehr rauchen, sind nach 12 Monaten in alte Verhaltensmuster zurückgefallen. Gespräche mit Expert*innen haben gezeigt, dass evidenzbasierte verhaltenstherapeutische Interventionen individuell ergänzt werden mit Anwendungen ohne wissenschaftliche Evidenz oder mit bislang inkonsistenter Wirkung. In dieser Studie wird die Anwendung solch begleitender Maßnahmen wie z.B. die Arbeit mit Aromaölen untersucht.Die Grundgesamtheit der anonymen Online-Befragung (Sosci-Survey) bildeten 351 registrierte Expertinnen und Experten in einer frei zugänglichen Adressdatenbank (https://www.anbieter-raucherberatung.de/anbieter.php). An der Befragung beteiligten sich 88 Personen.Die Befragten waren im Mittel 53 Jahre alt, zu 71% weiblich und hatten im Mittel 14 Jahre Erfahrung in der Beratung und Behandlung von Rauchenden.Mit einem Anteil von 66,3% (n=57) gab mehr als die Hälfte der Befragten an, jemals eine nicht evidenzbasierte begleitende Maßnahme angewendet zu haben. Am häufigsten wurde der Einsatz von Bewegungsübungen (49,1%), Hypnose (34,5%) und Akupunktur (27,3%) genannt.Die Anwendung nicht-evidenzbasierter Anwendungen scheint in der Beratung und Behandlung von Tabak- und Nikotinkonsumierenden bedeutsam und sollte im Kontext von Austausch von Forschung sowie Weiterentwicklung von Curricula der Tabak- und Nikotinentwöhnung zukünftig stärker berücksichtigt werden.
Late Presentation of Congenital Aqueduct Stenosis in Adulthood with High-Riding Basilar Artery: Case Report
Authors: Alturiki Hassan Mohammed , Alqudihi Batool M. , Alboesa Shima , Alramadan Abdullah H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background A rare variant of congenital aqueductal stenosis (CAS) is known as adult-onset CAS, characterized by the emergence of symptoms during adulthood.
Case Description A 35-year-old man presented complaining of acute-onset headache and vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed an acute hydrocephalus due to an aqueductal web. The patient was treated with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and doing well. His condition was complicated by subdural hematoma as a result of overshunting, which was treated by frontoparietal craniotomy and eventually, he underwent valve revision to a programmable valve.
Conclusion Additional research is needed to gain a deeper understanding of the hypothesis related to adult aqueductal stenosis. This will help shed light on the asymptomatic childhood phase and potentially reduce complications by identifying late CAS early.
Biomechanical Evaluation of Stress Distribution in a Natural Tooth Adjacent to a Dental Implant Using Finite Element Modeling
Authors: Thaungwilai Kunyawan , Tantilertanant Yanee , Tomeboon Punyavud , Singhatanadgit Weerachai , Singhatanadgid Pairod 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Objective Emerging evidence suggests an increased incidence of mechanical complications in natural teeth, particularly maxillary premolars, adjacent to dental implants. This study aimed to investigate and compare the maximum von Mises stress induced in a natural tooth adjacent to either a natural tooth or a dental implant under different occlusal loading and interproximal space conditions.
Materials and Methods Three-dimensional finite element models of maxillary first and second premolars were generated for both control (two natural teeth) and experimental (first premolar dental implant and natural second premolar) groups to analyze stress levels and distributions. Occlusal forces were applied to the second premolar, and the resulting maximum von Mises stress was compared between groups. The influence of dental implant presence, interproximal space, and occlusal load contact position and direction on the stress level and distribution in the loaded tooth was investigated.
Results Compared with the control group, the experimental group exhibited higher stress levels in the natural second premolar under occlusal forces, although the stress distribution remained similar. The presence of interproximal spaces, either between natural teeth or between a tooth and an implant, exacerbated stress in the loaded teeth due to reduced proximal contact area and increased stress concentration. Additionally, the position and direction of occlusal force contact differentially affected the stress level, although not the stress distribution, within the experimental tooth group.
Conclusion Dental implants increase stress on adjacent natural teeth, particularly when interproximal space exists. Occlusal force direction and position influence stress in loaded natural teeth, whether adjacent to other natural teeth or implants. The results underscore the critical importance of comprehensive patient evaluation, meticulous treatment planning, and consistent maintenance in dental implant restorations to mitigate potential complications affecting adjacent natural teeth.
Trends in Neurosurgical Treatment for Chronic Subdural Hematoma in Germany: A National Survey
Authors: Mertens Robert , Kersting Katharina , Shaked Zoe , Truckenmüller Peter , Früh Anton , Vajkoczy Peter , Wessels Lars 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a common neurosurgical condition of growing importance due to the aging population and increasing use of antithrombotic agents. Due to the lack of guidelines, great variability is observed in the treatment of cSDH. We conducted a multicenter, nationwide survey to assess the differences in treatment across Germany in the context of surgical practices discussed in the literature.
Methods A web-based survey was designed using the REDCap electronic data capture tool hosted at the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin. The survey was divided into four parts: preoperative management and indication for surgery, perioperative management of medication, surgical technique, and postoperative management. The survey was distributed to German neurosurgical departments through the newsletter of the German Society of Neurosurgery and direct e-mail contact and could be answered by one member of each department between March 1 and May 31, 2023.
Results Overall, representatives of 46 German neurosurgical departments completed the survey. Participants needed a mean time of 16:25 minutes (standard deviation [SD] ± 27:47 minutes) to complete the survey. The mean caseload of the participating departments was 1,831.5 (range: 300–6,000; SD ± 1,130.7) operations per year, including 87.8 procedures for cSDH (range: 15–300; SD ± 73.6). Evidence found in the literature regarding the performance of a burr hole craniotomy, use of a drain, passive drainage, removal of the drain 48 hours after surgery, and early mobilization after surgery was consistently implemented in the management of the surveyed departments. On the contrary, recommendations regarding the performance of surgery under local anesthesia, use of subgaleal drains, postoperative Valsalva maneuvers, and avoidance of postoperative computed tomography (CT) if possible were not universally implemented.
Conclusion This survey indicates that there is no consensus on the treatment of cSDH in Germany and that the steadily increasing evidence from clinical trials must be implemented in national and international guidelines. The development of tailored treatment strategies for older patients with multiple risk factors and comorbidities is of particular importance.
Tone at the top: leadership makeover and ESG focus in Indian private banks
Authors: Ghosh Saibal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Using a sample of listed private banks in India, the paper quantitatively investigates the issue of leadership makeover in Indian private banks and identifies its impact on ESG scores, including the individual pillars within the corporate governance framework. Using secondary data for 2011–2023, the findings indicate a positive and statistically significant impact of leadership makeover on ESG scores. The response differs across new and old private banks, as also concerning the pillars of ESG. In particular, freshly appointed CEOs in new private banks emphasise the environmental and social pillars of ESG, whereas CEOs of old private banks focus on the governance pillar. There is also a honeymoon versus consolidation phase, wherein CEOs in new private banks are typically proactive in the former phase, while those in old private banks have a more long-term approach. These findings suggest that the differential performance of private banks on the ESG score can be traced to CEO individualism, which is consistent with the Upper Echelons theory.
Smaller Gulf states and competing geopolitical scripts in the Indo-Pacific
Authors: Szalai Máté 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Given the growing importance of the Indo-Pacific region, great powers constructed various geopolitical scripts to shape regional dynamics. The perspective of smaller stakeholders, like the smaller Persian Gulf monarchies (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates), is often neglected or simplified, despite the particular perspectives they have concerning the region. Bridging this gap, the article aims to interpret how smaller Gulf states view the growing competition in the Indo-Pacific region between the two major geopolitical scripts put forward by great powers, namely the Belt and Road Initiative and the Free and Open Indo-Pacific concept. Analysing the two scripts from the perspective of smaller Gulf states, the article argues that their primary interests include the maximization of their pivotal power which necessitates the prioritization of maritime security and development at the same time and parallel engagement with different bilateral, minilateral, and multilateral cooperation formats.
A multi-band high-sensitivity microwave sensor for simultaneous detection of two dielectric materials
Authors: Wang Chen , Liu Xiaoming , Zhang Dan , Yang Xiaofan 
Published: January 2025

A multi-band high-sensitivity microwave sensor is reported. The two resonance units are based on complementary square spiral resonators (CSSRs) and produce four measurement bands through parasitic resonances. The four frequency bands are 2.001, 2.988, 5.438, and 7.755 GHz, respectively. Through an analysis of the coupling effects between the two CSSR resonance units, it is shown that the sensor is capable of simultaneously characterizing two samples with distinct dielectric properties. By adding a metal patch to the microstrip line, the overall quality factor of the sensor is enhanced, leading to higher sensitivity and accuracy in both real and imaginary part measurements. The measurement results demonstrate that this sensor provides an accurate and efficient solution for solid permittivity measurements.
High thickness material lift-off using multi-layer photoresist
Authors: Elshenety Ahmad , Mintas Kucuk Merve , Yilmaz Mehmet 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Lift-off process is an alternative to deposition, lithography, and etching of materials. Lift-off is a simple and economical process because it does not require subsequent wet or dry etching. Lifting-off nanometer thick films is a well-developed and repeatable process. However, lifting-off a few micrometer thick films may be challenging. Previously, different techniques were proposed to lift-off micrometer thick films. Herein, a novel method for lifting-off high thickness materials is proposed using a multi-layer AZ 5214E photoresist. The novel method was successful in lifting-off 4 µm thick copper while the copper could even be deposited up to 6 µm with tri-layer AZ 5214E. With four layers of AZ 5214E, the photoresist thickness can be even thicker than 9 µm. As detailed in the study, the photoresist layer thickness can be adjusted by varying the number of layers. This enables the selection of the appropriate number of layers to achieve the desired material thickness. To show the merits of the proposed method, the method is compared to the bi-layer method with AZ 4562 photoresist which is used for lifting-off high thickness materials. In addition to lifting-off thick materials, the proposed method is faster compared to lifting-off using bi-layer AZ 4562. Despite the ability to lift-off thick films, both methods could suffer from lift-off flags if the deposition process is not anisotropic. Solutions to remove the lift-off flags, and reduce the undercut width are demonstrated.
Strong field-induced three-body fragmentation dynamics of CH3Cl2+
Authors: Das Rituparna , Bhojani Amit K , P Madhusudhan , Nimma Vinitha , Bhardwaj Pranav , Singh Dheeraj K , Kumar Kushawaha Rajesh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We investigate the three-body fragmentation of CH3Cl dications induced by intense femtosecond laser pulses in a home-built recoil ion momentum spectrometer setup. This study focuses on two pathways: (1) H + CH

2
+

+ Cl+, and (2) H+ + CH

2
+

+ Cl. To understand the complex excited-state dynamics of the dication and the momentum sharing between the fragments, Dalitz plots, Newton diagrams, and the native frame method were used, which helped to distinguish between the concerted and sequential fragmentation mechanisms. We further discuss the dissociation pathways theoretically using density functional theory calculations. Although the signatures of both concerted and sequential mechanisms were present and overlapping, the concerted mechanism was dominant for both pathways. On positively chirping the pulses, the concerted mechanism remained unaffected, while the sequential mechanism, in some cases, was suppressed. This observation demonstrates that the pulse chirp influences the complex fragmentation dynamics of the CH3Cl dication.
Resonant x-ray emission across the L3 edge of uranium compounds
Authors: Wang Xubo , Doumy Gilles , Marie March Anne , Otolski Christopher J , Wilson Richard E , Walko Donald A , Cheng Lan , Southworth Stephen H 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A narrow bandwidth x-ray beamline and a multi-crystal von Hamos spectrometer were used to record x-ray absorption and x-ray emission (XES) across the uranium L
3 edge of UO2, UO3, Cs2UO2Cl4, and Cs2UCl6. Measurements were made over 17150–17250 eV with an instrumental resolution of ∼2 eV. This resolution allowed the use of Lorentzian peak fits to the

L
3

N
4

and

L
3

N
5

characteristic x-ray fluorescence lines that have ∼12–13 eV lifetime widths. The fluorescence yields of the four compounds display strong white lines near threshold and multiple scattering features at higher energies. The XES spectra were fit with three Lorentzians, two for the

L
3

N
4

and

L
3

N
5

lines and one for inelastic scattering by 2p–6d excitations and 4d–6d final states. The intensities of the white lines were largely due to the inelastic scattering component. To support the measurements, relativistic equation-of-motion coupled-cluster and restricted active space configuration interaction calculations were performed for uranium core-excitation energies in Cs2UO2Cl4 and Cs2UCl6. These calculations with rigorous treatments of relativistic effects are shown to provide accurate uranium L
3-edge binding energies,

L
3

N
5

emission energies, as well as the energy losses in the inelastic scattering process. The measured and calculated results show variations between compounds with U(IV) oxidation states that contain 6d05f2 electrons in their ground configurations (UO2 and Cs2UCl6) compared with U(VI) compounds (UO3 and Cs2UO2Cl4) with empty 5f and 6d configurations.
Spin assignment, hyperfine structure, and isotope shift measurements of optical transitions in dysprosium I
Authors: White B , Bulstrode N C M , Forest D H , Honeyball C , Evans B , Butt L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
High resolution crossed beam laser spectroscopy has been performed on dysprosium I to measure the hyperfine structure and isotope shifts in six optical transitions. Excited states accessed by transitions at: 296.4600, 299.6833, and 301.4279 nm have been found to have different J values to those given in the literature. Field and mass factors for each transition have been extracted using the King plot method and Seltzer moments have been iterated upon to produce an order of magnitude improvement in precision.
Detection of reactor neutrinos using gadolinium-doped plastic scintillators enhanced by machine learning techniques
Authors: Altınlı Murat , Gamsızkan Halil 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, we present a detailed approach for detecting reactor neutrinos by employing gadolinium-doped plastic scintillators combined with machine learning techniques. The proposed detector design was simulated using the Geant4 framework, featuring segmented modules of plastic scintillators doped with gadolinium to enhance neutron capture efficiency. Inverse beta decay (IBD) events generated by ERNIE and background events produced by cosmic ray simulations were used to train and test an Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model for signal-background discrimination. The model demonstrated high discrimination accuracy for prompt IBD events but encountered challenges with delayed neutron background discrimination due to similarities in neutron capture. Performance comparisons with traditional cut-based analyses highlighted the improved accuracy achieved through machine learning, particularly when utilizing additional event features. This work establishes the potential of gadolinium-doped plastic scintillators and machine learning in enhancing neutrino detection and lays the groundwork for future experimental validation and detector optimization.