bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Feed” or “Unfeed”?
Authors: Salvador Ágata , Fonseca Gabriela , da Costa Leonor Pereira , Mansuklal Shivani Atul 
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This study aimed to explore the moderating role of social networking sites (SNS) use in the link between identity commitment development and psychological functioning in a sample of Portuguese emerging adults. Cross-sectional survey data were collected from 251 participants (71.3% women), aged 18–30 years ( M = 22.33, SD = 3.31). Self-report questionnaires were used to measure identity commitment-making (commitment-making and identification with commitment), SNS use (perception of feed refresh frequency), and psychological functioning (anxiety and depressive symptoms). Results showed that feed refresh frequency acts as a moderator with a distinct role in the associations between each identity commitment dimension and psychological functioning. Specifically, with the increased frequency of feed refresh, the relation between commitment-making and psychological symptoms becomes negative (for those who refresh feed more frequently, the presence of commitments was associated with lower levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms). On the other hand, the negative relation between identification with commitment and psychological symptoms becomes weaker with an increase in the frequency of feed refresh (for those who refresh feed more frequently, identifying with and embracing the commitments they already made was not associated with psychological symptoms). Overall, our results suggest that refreshing the SNS feed seems to boost the effect of commitment-making in psychological functioning and simultaneously hinder the effect of identification with commitment on psychological functioning. Ultimately, this study calls for further research on emerging adults’ identity development in the digital age, which can inform prevention/intervention actions for promoting youth media literacy and psychological adjustment.
Global Nuclear Explosion Discrimination Using a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Barama Louisa , Williams Jesse , Newman Andrew V. , Peng Zhigang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing P‐wave seismograms, we trained a seismic source classifier using a Convolutional Neural Network. We trained for three classes: earthquake P‐wave, underground nuclear explosion (UNE) P‐wave, and noise. With the current absence of nuclear testing by countries that have signed the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, high quality seismic data from UNEs is limited. Even with limited training data, our model can accurately characterize most events recorded at regional and teleseismic distances, finding over 95% signals in the validation set. We applied the model on holdout datasets of the North Korean test explosions to evaluate the performance on unique region and station‐source pairs, with promising results. Additionally, we tested on the Source Physics Experiment events to investigate the potential for chemical explosions to act as a surrogate for nuclear explosions. We anticipate that machine‐learning models like our classifier system can have broad application for other seismic signals including volcanic and non‐volcanic tremor, anomalous earthquakes, ice‐quakes or landslide‐quakes.
Complex Effects of Tides on Coastal Groundwater Revealed by High‐Resolution Integrated Flow Modeling
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Tian Yong , Yu Jiang , Lancia Michele , Chen Ji , Xiao Kai , Zheng Yi , Andrews Charles B. , Zheng Chunmiao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRiver deltas typically have high population density and support a wide range of intensive and prosperous socioeconomic activities. The hydrological processes in these regions are complex, primarily due to the interactions among the river, aquifer, and sea. However, a systematic and quantitative elaboration of the river‐aquifer‐sea interactions is still lacking. Here, we developed an integrated hydrological flow model for the Pearl River Delta (PRD), which contains the world's largest urban area in both size and population, to gain a deeper understanding of the complexities in the river‐aquifer‐sea interactions. The model performance was validated and cross‐checked via observations at gauging stations and independent remote‐sensing products (e.g., soil moisture, evapotranspiration, and total water storage anomalies). Based on the 10‐year simulation results (2004–2013), the major findings of this study are as follows: (a) accurate representation of the tidal effect is important not only for simulating short‐term flow dynamics but also for capturing the characteristics of long‐term hydrological fluxes and states; (b) the flow‐model‐computed average groundwater discharge rate per unit length of the coastline for the PRD is 3.01 m3/d/m, which is comparable with those derived from water budget approaches but 1–2 orders of magnitude lower than the total submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) estimated by using isotope tracer‐based methods; (c) the temporal variation of SGD is controlled by tidal forcing on an hourly time scale, but by terrestrial hydrological processes on monthly and annual time scales; and (d) an integrated hydrological flow model can be used to identify distinct and large subsurface zones sensitive to tidal fluctuations, quantifying the pivotal role of ocean tides in shaping the coastal groundwater system. This study represents a first step in using an integrated hydrological model to explore river‐aquifer‐sea interactions and their effects on the regional groundwater system simultaneously driven by meteorological and tidal forcings.
Impact of Atmospheric Rivers on Future Poleward Moisture Transport and Arctic Climate in EC‐Earth2
Authors: Kolbe M. , Sonnemans J. P. J. , Bintanja R. , van der Linden E. C. , van der Wiel K. , Whan K. , Benedict I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlongside mean increases in poleward moisture transport (PMT) to the Arctic, most climate models also project a linear increase in the interannual variability (IAV) with future warming. It is still uncertain to what extent atmospheric rivers (ARs) contribute to the projected IAV increase of PMT. We analyzed large‐ensemble climate simulations to (a) explore the link between PMT and ARs in the present‐day (PD) and in two warmer climates (+2 and +3°C compared to pre‐industrial global mean temperature), (b) assess the dynamic contribution to changes in future ARs, and (c) analyze the effect of ARs on Arctic climate on interannual timescales. We find that the share of AR‐related PMT (ARPMT) to PMT increases from 42% in the PD to 53% in the +3°C climate. Our results show that the mean increases in AR‐frequency and intensity are mainly caused by higher atmospheric moisture levels, while dynamic variability regulates regional ARs on an interannual basis. Notably, the amount of ARs reaching the Arctic in any given region and season strongly depends on the regional jet stream position and speed southwest of this region. This suggests that future changes in dynamics may significantly amplify or dampen the regionally consistent moisture‐induced increase in ARs in a warmer climate. Our results further support previous findings that positive ARPMT anomalies are profoundly linked to increased surface air temperature and precipitation, especially in the colder seasons, and have a predominantly negative effect on sea ice.
Stochastic Dynamics of Two‐Dimensional Particle Motion in Darcy‐Scale Heterogeneous Porous Media
Authors: Dell’Oca Aronne , Dentz Marco 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe study the upscaling and prediction of ensemble dispersion in two‐dimensional heterogeneous porous media with focus on transverse dispersion. To this end, we study the stochastic dynamics of the motion of advective particles that move along the streamlines of the heterogeneous flow field. While longitudinal dispersion may evolve super‐linearly with time, transverse dispersion is characterized by ultraslow diffusion, that is, the transverse displacement variance grows asymptotically with the logarithm of time. This remarkable behavior is linked to the solenoidal character of the flow field, which needs to be accounted for in stochastic models for the two‐dimensional particle motion. Here, we derive an upscaled model based on the statistical characterization of the motion of solute particles. To this end, we analyze particle velocities and orientations through equidistant sampling along the particle trajectories obtained from direct numerical simulations. This sampling strategy respects the flow structure, which is organized on a characteristic length scale. Perturbation theory shows that the longitudinal particle motion is determined by the variability of travel times, while the transverse motion is governed by the fluctuations of the space increments. The latter turns out to be strongly anticorrelated with a correlation structure that leads to ultraslow diffusion. Based on this analysis, we derive a stochastic model that combines a correlated Gaussian noise for the transverse motion with a spatial Markov model for the particle speeds. The model results are contrasted with detailed numerical simulations in two‐dimensional heterogeneous porous media of different heterogeneity variances.
A metabolome atlas of mouse brain on the global metabolic signature dynamics following short-term fasting
Authors: Shao Yaping , Fu Zhenfa , Wang Yanfeng , Yang Zhaofei , Lin Yushan , Li Song , Cheng Cheng , Wei Min , Liu Zheyi , Xu Guowang , Le Weidong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCalorie restriction (CR) or a fasting regimen is considered one of the most potent non-pharmacological interventions to prevent chronic metabolic disorders, ameliorate autoimmune diseases, and attenuate aging. Despite efforts, the mechanisms by which CR improves health, particularly brain health, are still not fully understood. Metabolic homeostasis is vital for brain function, and a detailed metabolome atlas of the brain is essential for understanding the networks connecting different brain regions. Herein, we applied gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and lipidomics, covering 797 structurally annotated metabolites, to investigate the metabolome of seven brain regions in fasted (3, 6, 12, and 24 h) and ad libitum fed mice. Using multivariate and univariate statistical techniques, we generated a metabolome atlas of mouse brain on the global metabolic signature dynamics across multiple brain regions following short-term fasting (STF). Significant metabolic differences across brain regions along with STF-triggered region-dependent metabolic remodeling were identified. We found that STF elicited triacylglycerol degradation and lipolysis to compensate for energy demand under fasting conditions. Besides, changes in amino acid profiles were observed, which may play crucial roles in the regulation of energy metabolism, neurotransmitter signaling, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant in response to STF. Additionally, this study reported, for the first time, that STF triggers a significant elevation of N-acylethanolamines, a class of neuroprotective lipids, in the brain and liver. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular basis and mechanisms of CR and offer a comprehensive resource for further investigation.
Plastoquinone synthesis inhibition by tetrabromo biphenyldiol as a widespread algicidal mechanism of marine bacteria
Authors: Zhang Zenghu , Li Dehai , Xie Ruize , Guo Ruoyu , Nair Shailesh , Han Huan , Zhang Guojian , Zhao Qun , Zhang Lihua , Jiao Nianzhi , Zhang Yongyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Algae and bacteria have complex and intimate interactions in the ocean. Besides mutualism, bacteria have evolved a variety of molecular-based anti-algal strategies. However, limited by the unknown mechanism of synthesis and action of these molecules, these strategies and their global prevalence remain unknown. Here we identify a novel strategy through which a marine representative of the Gammaproteobacteria produced 3,3’,5,5’-tetrabromo-2,2’-biphenyldiol (4-BP), that kills or inhibits diverse phytoplankton by inhibiting plastoquinone synthesis and its effect cascades to many other key metabolic processes of the algae. Through comparative genomic analysis between the 4-BP-producing bacterium and its algicidally inactive mutant, combined with gene function verification, we identified the gene cluster responsible for 4-BP synthesis, which contains genes encoding chorismate lyase, flavin-dependent halogenase and cytochrome P450. We demonstrated that in near in situ simulated algal blooming seawater, even low concentrations of 4-BP can cause changes in overall phytoplankton community structure with a decline in dinoflagellates and diatoms. Further analyses of the gene sequences from the Tara Oceans expeditions and 2750 whole genome sequences confirmed the ubiquitous presence of 4-BP synthetic genes in diverse bacterial members in the global ocean, suggesting that it is a bacterial tool potentially widely used in global oceans to mediate bacteria-algae antagonistic relationships.
Exposure to low-level ambient air pollution and the relationship with lung and bladder cancer in older men, in Perth, Western Australia
Authors: Lim Elizabeth H. , Franklin Peter , Trevenen Michelle L. , Nieuwenhuijsen Mark , Yeap Bu B. , Almeida Osvaldo P. , Hankey Graeme J. , Golledge Jonathan , Etherton-Beer Christopher , Flicker Leon , Robinson Suzanne , Heyworth Jane 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Air pollution is a cause of lung cancer and is associated with bladder cancer. However, the relationship between air pollution and these cancers in regions of low pollution is unclear. We investigated associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide, and black carbon (BC), and both these cancers in a low-pollution city.

Methods
A cohort of 11,679 men ≥65 years old in Perth (Western Australia) were followed from 1996–1999 until 2018. Pollutant concentrations, as a time-varying variable, were estimated at participants’ residential addresses using land use regression models. Incident lung and bladder cancer were identified through the Western Australian Cancer Registry. Risks were estimated using Cox proportional-hazard models (age as the timescale), adjusting for smoking, socioeconomic status, and co-pollutants.

Results
Lung cancer was associated with PM2.5 and BC in the adjusted single-pollutant models. A weak positive association was observed between ambient air pollution and squamous cell lung carcinoma but not lung adenocarcinoma. Positive associations were observed with bladder cancer, although these were not statistically significant. Associations were attenuated in two-pollutant models.

Conclusion
Low-level ambient air pollution is associated with lung, and possibly bladder, cancer among older men, suggesting there is no known safe level for air pollution as a carcinogen.
Intracellular BAPTA directly inhibits PFKFB3, thereby impeding mTORC1-driven Mcl-1 translation and killing MCL-1-addicted cancer cells
Authors: Sneyers Flore , Kerkhofs Martijn , Speelman-Rooms Femke , Welkenhuyzen Kirsten , La Rovere Rita , Shemy Ahmed , Voet Arnout , Eelen Guy , Dewerchin Mieke , Tait Stephen W. G. , Ghesquière Bart , Bootman Martin D. , Bultynck Geert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntracellular Ca2+ signals control several physiological and pathophysiological processes. The main tool to chelate intracellular Ca2+ is intracellular BAPTA (BAPTAi), usually introduced into cells as a membrane-permeant acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM). Previously, we demonstrated that BAPTAi enhanced apoptosis induced by venetoclax, a BCL-2 antagonist, in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This finding implied a novel interplay between intracellular Ca2+ signaling and anti-apoptotic BCL-2 function. Hence, we set out to identify the underlying mechanisms by which BAPTAi enhances cell death in B-cell cancers. In this study, we discovered that BAPTAi alone induced apoptosis in hematological cancer cell lines that were highly sensitive to S63845, an MCL-1 antagonist. BAPTAi provoked a rapid decline in MCL-1-protein levels by inhibiting mTORC1-driven Mcl-1 translation. These events were not a consequence of cell death, as BAX/BAK-deficient cancer cells exhibited similar downregulation of mTORC1 activity and MCL-1-protein levels. Next, we investigated how BAPTAi diminished mTORC1 activity and identified its ability to impair glycolysis by directly inhibiting 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) activity, a previously unknown effect of BAPTAi. Notably, these effects were also induced by a BAPTAi analog with low affinity for Ca2+. Consequently, our findings uncover PFKFB3 inhibition as an Ca2+-independent mechanism through which BAPTAi impairs cellular metabolism and ultimately compromises the survival of MCL-1-dependent cancer cells. These findings hold two important implications. Firstly, the direct inhibition of PFKFB3 emerges as a key regulator of mTORC1 activity and a promising target in MCL-1-dependent cancers. Secondly, cellular effects caused by BAPTAi are not necessarily related to Ca2+ signaling. Our data support the need for a reassessment of the role of Ca2+ in cellular processes when findings were based on the use of BAPTAi.
A population-based survey of FBN1 variants in Iceland reveals underdiagnosis of Marfan syndrome
Authors: Klemenzdottir Elin Ola , Arnadottir Gudny Anna , Jensson Brynjar Orn , Jonasdottir Adalbjorg , Katrinardottir Hildigunnur , Fridriksdottir Run , Jonasdottir Aslaug , Sigurdsson Asgeir , Gudjonsson Sigurjon Axel , Jonsson Jon Johannes , Stefansdottir Vigdis , Danielsen Ragnar , Palsdottir Astridur , Jonsson Hakon , Helgason Agnar , Magnusson Olafur Thor , Thorsteinsdottir Unnur , Bjornsson Hans Tomas , Stefansson Kari , Sulem Patrick 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMarfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by aortic aneurysm, skeletal abnormalities, and lens dislocation, and is caused by variants in the FBN1 gene. To explore causes of MFS and the prevalence of the disease in Iceland we collected information from all living individuals with a clinical diagnosis of MFS in Iceland (n = 32) and performed whole-genome sequencing of those who did not have a confirmed genetic diagnosis (27/32). Moreover, to assess a potential underdiagnosis of MFS in Iceland we attempted a genotype-based approach to identify individuals with MFS. We interrogated deCODE genetics’ database of 35,712 whole-genome sequenced individuals to search for rare sequence variants in FBN1. Overall, we identified 15 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in FBN1 in 44 individuals, only 22 of whom were previously diagnosed with MFS. The most common of these variants, NM_000138.4:c.8038 C > T p.(Arg2680Cys), is present in a multi-generational pedigree, and was found to stem from a single forefather born around 1840. The p.(Arg2680Cys) variant associates with a form of MFS that seems to have an enrichment of abdominal aortic aneurysm, suggesting that this may be a particularly common feature of p.(Arg2680Cys)-associated MFS. Based on these combined genetic and clinical data, we show that MFS prevalence in Iceland could be as high as 1/6,600 in Iceland, compared to 1/10,000 based on clinical diagnosis alone, which indicates underdiagnosis of this actionable genetic disorder.
MoCoB metallic glass microwire catalysts for highly efficient and pH-universal degradation of wastewater
Authors: Tang Meifang , Lai Limin , Su Chen , Li Chunmei , Zhang Cheng , Guo Shengfeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOne important goal of the current Fenton-like catalysts is to develop highly efficient and pH-universal catalysts that can operate with little performance degradation over multiple recycles. Herein, we report a ternary MoCoB metallic glass (MG) microwire catalyst, which shows exceptional Fenton-like activity for degrading various dyes in a wide pH range (5–10). Moreover, the MoCoB MG catalyst with an ultrahigh glass-transition temperature of 1002 K exhibits excellent reusability and can be used for more than 46 times without a decay in efficiency. It is regarded that the excellent catalytic activity and sustainability of the MoCoB MG catalyst originates from the bimetallic effect involving Mon/Mon+1 and Con+1/Con cycling, which accelerates the electronic transfer kinetics, enabling the generation of multiple reactive oxygen species (•OH and •O2-). First-Principles Calculations revealed again that MG catalysts provide a large electron base for the whole catalytic process.
Identification of co-diagnostic effect genes for aortic dissection and metabolic syndrome by multiple machine learning algorithms
Authors: Zhang Yang , Li Jinwei , Chen Lihua , Liang Rui , Liu Quan , Wang Zhiyi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening condition in which the inner layer of the aorta tears. It has been reported that metabolic syndrome (MS) has a close linkage with aortic dissection. However, the inter-relational mechanisms between them were still unclear. This article explored the hub gene signatures and potential molecular mechanisms in AD and MS. We obtained five bulk RNA-seq datasets of AD, one single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) dataset of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA), and one bulk RNA-seq dataset of MS from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and key modules via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), functional enrichment analysis, and machine learning algorithms (Random Forest and LASSO regression) were used to identify hub genes for diagnosing AD with MS. XGBoost further improved the diagnostic performance of the model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and precision-recall (PR) curves were developed to assess the diagnostic value. Then, immune cell infiltration and metabolism-associated pathways analyses were created to investigate immune cell and metabolism-associated pathway dysregulation in AD and MS. Finally, the scRNA-seq dataset was performed to confirm the expression levels of identified hub genes. 406 common DEGs were identified between the merged AD and MS datasets. Functional enrichment analysis revealed these DEGs were enriched for applicable terms of metabolism, cellular processes, organismal systems, and human diseases. Besides, the positively related key modules of AD and MS were mainly enriched in transcription factor binding and inflammatory response. In contrast, the negatively related modules were significantly associated with adaptive immune response and regulation of nuclease activity. Through machine learning, nine genes with common diagnostic effects were found in AD and MS, including MAD2L2, IMP4, PRPF4, CHSY1, SLC20A1, SLC9A1, TIPRL, DPYD, and MAPKAPK2. In the training set, the AUC of the hub gene on RP and RR curves was 1. In the AD verification set, the AUC of the Hub gene on RP and RR curves were 0.946 and 0.955, respectively. In the MS set, the AUC of the Hub gene on RP and RR curves were 0.978 and 0.98, respectively. scRNA-seq analysis revealed that the SLC20A1 was found to be relevant in fatty acid metabolic pathways and expressed in endothelial cells. Our study revealed the common pathogenesis of AD and MS. These common pathways and hub genes might provide new ideas for further mechanism research.