bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From students to nurses under pressure: Nursing students' entry into employment during the first COVID‐19 wave
Authors: Robledo‐Martín Juana , Acea‐López Lorena , Pérez‐Urdiales Iratxe , Alcolea‐Cosín María Teresa , Bellon Filip , Oter‐Quintana Cristina , Blanco‐Blanco Joan , Pastor‐Bravo María del Mar , Rubinat‐Arnaldo Esther , Briones‐Vozmediano Erica 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAims and objectiveTo describe the experiences of nursing students and their mental health as they entered employment during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic (May–June 2020).BackgroundAs other healthcare professionals, nursing students who worked during the first COVID‐19 wave suffered from dysfunctional mental health symptoms.DesignSequential, mixed‐method, multicentre study.MethodsThe study population comprised 92 students in the third and fourth year of the Nursing degree at three Spanish universities, who entered employment during the pandemic. Data were collected between May and June 2020. In the quantitative phase, data were collected using an online questionnaire containing both validated anxiety and stress scales. In the qualitative phase, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 18 participants. A descriptive analysis of the quantitative data and a reflexive thematic analysis of the qualitative data were carried out, and analyses were combined. COREQ checklist was used for reporting.ResultsThe combined quantitative and qualitative results were organised into five thematic areas: (1) Interruption of clinical placements, (2) Entering employment on a healthcare assistant contract, (3) Preventing contagion, (4) Adapting to the situation and managing emotions, and (5) Lessons learned.ConclusionThe students had a positive overall experience of entering employment, as they were able to develop their nursing skills. However, they had an emotional impact in form of stress caused by excessive responsibility, academic uncertainty, lack of personal protective equipment and training in its use, and the possibility of spreading disease to their family members.Relevance to Clinical PracticeIn the current context, changes must be made in study programmes to instruct nursing students to be able to cope with extreme clinical situations, such as pandemics. The programmes should include a more extensive coverage of epidemics and pandemics and management of emotional aspects such as resilience.
Evaluation of mid‐buccal gingival recessions and occlusal interferences
Authors: Gürbüz Sühan , Bakhishov Hikmat , Koçyiğit Eda Gizem , Işık Abdullah , Tuncer Burcu Baloş , Özdemir Burcu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDental malocclusions may cause disruption in occlusal harmony, and destructive interferences during mandibular functional movements can be seen. Ideal occlusal contacts during dynamic mandibular movements may be crucial for preventing the occurrence of mid‐buccal gingival recession (mbGR). While determining mbGR risk factors in young adults, the effect of occlusal interferences on mbGR has not yet been focused on. Based on this gap, this field needs to be clarified with new studies.ObjectiveThe aim of this case–control study was to evaluate the relationships between the presence, extent and severity of mbGRs to dental malocclusions, occlusal interferences in anterior (AG) and lateral guidance (LG) and to determine the potential risk indicators in a young population.MethodsA total of 149 dental students were comprised and 70 of them presented mbGR(s) and 79 did not (18–25 years, 4553 teeth). Periodontal status was assessed with full mouth bleeding (FMBS) and plaque score (FMPS), probing depth, clinical attachment level, recession depth and keratinised tissue width (KTW) by a periodontist. Malocclusions and occlusal interferences were evaluated by an orthodontist. Logistic regression analyses provided data on the effect of occlusal interferences and the other indicators towards mbGR.ResultsThe mean of the number of teeth with mbGR(s) per subject was 4.3. The mean of the overall extent of teeth with mbGR(s) was 14.2%. FMBS, decreased KTW, self‐reported bruxism, group function occlusion, increased contact number of all teeth and only premolars/molars in AG or LG and Class III malocclusions were significantly associated with the presence of mbGR. Decreased KTW presenting mbGR in the mandible and non‐carious cervical lesion adjunct to mbGR significantly increased the odds of the severity of mbGR. Group function occlusion revealed higher mbGRs in premolar/molars than canine guided occlusion.ConclusionIncrease in the occlusal interferences in premolars/molars during lateral and anterior guidance may have an effect on the presence and severity of mbGR. Further studies should be designed to confirm these findings.
Lapses in long‐term care insurance
Authors: Friedberg Leora , Hou Wenliang , Sun Wei , Webb Anthony 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAbout a quarter of long‐term care insurance (LTCI) policy holders aged 65 let their policies lapse before death, forfeiting all benefits. We find that lapse rates are substantially higher among the cognitively impaired in the Health and Retirement Study. This generates a pernicious form of dynamic advantageous selection, as the cognitively impaired are more likely to use care. Simulations show that an inappropriately optimistic asset drawdown path further increases the individual welfare cost of unanticipated lapses. Meanwhile, we find evidence of a significant but very small role for either strategic or financial motives for lapsing.
Local adaptation and demographic history of vulnerable conifer Cephalotaxus oliveri in southern China
Authors: Liu Han‐Jing , Li Ming‐Hui , Wang Zhen , Wang Ting , Su Ying‐Juan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHaving a comprehensive understanding of genetic differentiation, responses to environmental change and demographic history is critical for genetic improvement and conservation efforts. Forest trees are an excellent resource for understanding population differentiation and adaptive genetic variation due to their ability to adapt to different climates and environments. Cephalotaxus oliveri is a relict conifer endemic to China. In this study, we generated transcriptome data and identified 17 728 high‐quality single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 18 populations. We found significant negative correlations between expression diversity and nucleotide diversity within and among populations, suggesting that gene expression and nucleotide diversity have a reciprocal relationship when the species adapts to the environment. The analyses of population structure showed that C. oliveri displayed a striking genetic structure with four groups. BayeScEnv and RDA methods detected the signatures of local adaptation, and identified that 738 outlier SNPs were associated with precipitation, temperature and soil conditions across heterogeneous environmental conditions. Approximate Bayesian computation analyses showed that the first and second divergence occurred in the late Miocene (c. 10.075 million years ago [Ma]) and the middle Pleistocene transition (c. 0.815 Ma), respectively. Ecological niche modeling of C. oliveri revealed signs of westward expansion after the last glacial maximum, while it was predicted to experience significant range contractions in future climate change scenarios. Geographical factors and environmental factors in southern China have played a critical role in establishing the current genetic diversity and population structure of C. oliveri. This study provides an important reference for forest resource management and conservation for C. oliveri.
Patient identity narratives through the cultural formulation interview in a New York City outpatient clinic
Authors: Aggarwal Neil Krishan , Chen Daniel , Lewis‐Fernández Roberto , Guarnaccia Peter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAnthropologists have critiqued cultural competence programs in medical settings while introducing mental health clinicians to social theories on culture for practice. We explore how patients articulated narratives about themselves and how clinicians responded to such narratives through an intervention known as the Cultural Formulation Interview that anthropologists have helped develop. We conducted over 500 hours of fieldwork from 2014 to 2019 at an outpatient clinic in New York, analyzing multiple data (participant observation, medical records, patient–clinician sessions, and individual debriefing interviews) in a trial joining clinical and ethnographic methods. Our study enrolled 45 patients and six clinicians, yielding 117 patient–clinician appointments and 98 debriefing interviews. Most patients differed in how they presented their identities through demographic forms and discussed them in sessions with their clinicians. Two‐thirds of the patients drew connections between their personal identities and experiences of mental illness. These results reveal why cultural identities should not be taken for granted in clinical settings.
Artificial intelligence in salivary biomarker discovery and validation for oral diseases
Authors: Adeoye John , Su Yu‐Xiong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSalivary biomarkers can improve the efficacy, efficiency, and timeliness of oral and maxillofacial disease diagnosis and monitoring. Oral and maxillofacial conditions in which salivary biomarkers have been utilized for disease‐related outcomes include periodontal diseases, dental caries, oral cancer, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, and salivary gland diseases. However, given the equivocal accuracy of salivary biomarkers during validation, incorporating contemporary analytical techniques for biomarker selection and operationalization from the abundant multi‐omics data available may help improve biomarker performance. Artificial intelligence represents one such advanced approach that may optimize the potential of salivary biomarkers to diagnose and manage oral and maxillofacial diseases. Therefore, this review summarized the role and current application of techniques based on artificial intelligence for salivary biomarker discovery and validation in oral and maxillofacial diseases.
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation using FireMagic TrueForce ablation catheter: The TRUEFORCE trial
Authors: Zhang Rongfeng , Chu Huimin , Liu Shaowen , Yang Bing , Han Bing , Xiao Xianjie , Ma Chengming , Sun Yuanjun , Yin Xiaomeng , Xia Yunlong , Gao Lianjun ,   the TRUEFORCE investigators.
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of contact force (CF) sensing catheters has provided a revolutionary improvement in catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the past decade. However, the success rate of CA for AF remains limited, and some complications still occur.MethodsThe TRUEFORCE trial (Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation using FireMagic TrueForce Ablation Catheter) is a multicenter, prospective, single‐arm objective performance criteria study of AF patients who underwent their first CA procedure using FireMagic TrueForce ablation catheter.ResultsA total of 120 patients (118 with paroxysmal AF) were included in this study, and 112 patients included in the per‐protocol analysis. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was achieved in 100% of the patients, with procedure and fluoroscopy time of 146.63 ± 40.51 min and 12.89 ± 5.59 min, respectively. Freedom from recurrent atrial arrhythmia after ablation was present 81.25% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 72.78%–88.00%) of patients. No severe adverse events (death, stroke/transient ischemic attack [TIA], esophageal fistula, myocardial infarction, thromboembolism, or pulmonary vein stenosis) were detected during the follow‐up. Four (4/115, 3.33%) adverse events were documented, including one abdominal discomfort, one femoral artery hematoma, one coughing up blood, and one postoperative palpitation and insomnia.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the clinical feasibility of FireMagic force‐sensing ablation catheter in CA of AF, with a satisfactory short‐ and long‐term efficacy and safety.
Fucoxanthin levels in maternal serum at birth and eczema risk in offspring in early childhood: A birth cohort study
Authors: Ziyab Ali H. , Jones A. Daniel , Chen Su , Anthony Thilani M. , Mukherjee Nandini , Arshad Syed Hasan , Karmaus Wilfried 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundFucoxanthin, a marine xanthophyll carotenoid, has been shown to exert beneficial health effects. Cell‐based and animal‐based experimental studies have shown that fucoxanthin has the potential to mitigate eczema symptoms. Hence, we sought to assess whether fucoxanthinol 3‐arachidate, a fucoxanthin metabolite, measured in maternal serum at birth is associated with eczema development during early childhood.MethodsData from the 1989/1990 Isle of Wight birth cohort were analyzed. We focused on data obtained from the 1, 2, and 4 years follow‐ups. Fucoxanthinol 3‐arachidate was measured in maternal serum at the child's birth as abundance relative to the reference lipids. Eczema was ascertained according to parent‐reported clinical history and characteristic morphology and distribution. Log‐binomial regression models were used to estimate adjusted risk ratios (aRR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsA total of 592 subjects (49.2% males and 50.8% females) were included in the current analysis. Associations between fucoxanthinol 3‐arachidate levels and eczema risk during the first 4 years of life (longitudinal analysis) were evaluated using four modeling approaches, which showed higher fucoxanthinol 3‐arachidate levels were associated with reduced eczema risk: (i) aRRper 10 unit increase = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.76–1.03; (ii) aRR>0 vs. =0 = 0.67, 0.45–0.99; (iii) aRR≥2.3 vs. <2.3 = 0.66, 0.44–0.98; and (iv) aRRtertile 3 vs. tertile 1 = 0.65, 0.42–0.99.ConclusionOur findings suggest that increased fucoxanthinol 3‐arachidate levels measured in maternal serum at the child's birth is associated with reduced eczema risk during the first 4 years of the offspring life.
Plastid‐mediated RNA interference: A potential strategy for efficient pest control
Authors: Li Shengchun , Kim Dae Sung , Zhang Jiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) technology is a promising and effective approach for pest insect management. Owing to its sequence‐guided working mechanism, RNAi has a high degree of species‐selectivity, thus minimizing potential adverse effects on nontarget organisms. Recently, engineering plastid (chloroplast) genome, rather than the nuclear genome, to produce double‐stranded RNAs has emerged as a powerful way to protect plants from multiple arthropod pests. Here, we review the recent progresses in the plastid‐mediated RNAi (PM‐RNAi) approach for pest control and the factors influencing its efficacy, and propose the strategies for further efficiency improvement. We also discuss the current challenges and the biosafety‐related issues of PM‐RNAi technology that need to be addressed for commercial production.
Nighttime hypoxia effects on ATP availability for photosynthesis in seagrass
Authors: Che Xingkai , Zhang Tie , Li Hu , Li Yongfu , Zhang Litao , Liu Jianguo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHypoxia is a major emerging threat to coastal ecosystems, which is closely related to the decline in seagrass meadows, but its damage mechanism is still unclear. This study found that hypoxia at night significantly reduced the photosynthetic capacity of Enhalus acoroides after reillumination. Photosystem II (PSII) was damaged by high‐light stress during daytime low‐tide exposure, but high‐light‐damaged PSII of E. acoroides could recover part of its activity indark normoxic seawater to maintain the normal operation of photosynthesis after reillumination during the next day. However, hypoxia inhibited the recovery of damaged PSII under darkness. By transcriptomic analysis and inhibitor verification experiments, dark hypoxia was shown to inhibit respiration, thereby reducing ATP production and preventing ATP from being transported into chloroplasts, which, in turn, led to an insufficient supply of energy required for PSII to recover. This study demonstrated that hypoxia has several negative impacts on the photosynthetic apparatus of E. acoroides at night reducing photosynthetic capacity after reillumination, which may be an important factor leading to the decline of the seagrass meadows.
Detection of tomato brown rugose fruit virus is influenced by infection at different growth stages and sampling from different plant parts
Authors: Skelton Anna , van Gemert Jerom , Fowkes Aimee , Frew Leanne , Alraiss Kinda , Hodgson Rachel , Cressey Jessica , Barnhoorn Ruud , Macarthur Roy , Stijger Ineke , Verbeek Martin , van der Vlugt Rene , Koenraadt Harrie , Roenhorst Annelien , Botermans Marleen , Fox Adrian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSince the first report of the virus in 2014, tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) has spread widely through Europe, the Americas and Asia. Within Europe there is currently a requirement for annual surveillance for the virus. However, little is known about the relative impact of sampling strategy with respect to timing of infection and the detection of virus from different plant parts. To test reliably for ToBRFV in crops of unknown infection status, this issue needed to be addressed. To do this, two different approaches were followed: (1) inoculation experiments were conducted at two institutes to look at the relative effects of time of infection, plant parts, cropping season and cultivar on detection of the virus; and (2) sampling and testing various plant parts were carried out during active outbreaks from two tomato production sites in the Netherlands to look at the effect of sampling plant parts on detection of the virus. In inoculation experiments, the greatest impact on detection was timing of infection, with plants infected early in the growth cycle showing a predictable development of infection. In plants infected later, infection was detectable in sepals (calyx) earlier than in older leaves. In the studies carried out on commercial crops during ToBRFV outbreaks, the highest virus concentrations were obtained from testing sepals and young leaves. Thus, in a young crop where sepals and fruit are not yet developed, sampling should focus on the young leaves; in a mature crop it may be better to sample sepals and/or fruit.
The effect of emotion counter‐regulation to anger on working memory updating
Authors: Zhang Jing , Guan Wanyao , Lipp Ottmar V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEmotion counter‐regulation has been suggested as the core cognitive mechanism of automatic emotion regulation. Emotion counter‐regulation not only induces an unintentional transfer of attention from the current emotional state to stimuli with the opposite valence but also prompts approach to stimuli of the opposite valence and increases response inhibition to stimuli of the same valence. Working memory (WM) updating has been shown to be related to attention selection and response inhibition. However, it remains unclear whether emotion counter‐regulation would affect WM updating with emotional stimuli. In the present study, 48 participants were recruited and randomly assigned to the angry‐priming group that watched highly arousing angry video clips, or the control group that watched neutral video clips. Then participants performed a two‐back face identity matching task with happy and angry face pictures. Behavioral results showed higher accuracy for identity recognition of happy than of angry faces. The event‐related potential (ERP) results revealed smaller P2 to angry faces than to happy faces in the control group. In the angry‐priming group, there was no difference in P2 amplitude between angry and happy trials. Between groups, P2 to angry faces was larger in the priming group than in the control group. Late positive potential (LPP) was smaller for happy faces than for angry faces in the priming group, but not in the control group. These findings suggest that emotion counter‐regulation affects the onset updating and maintenance of emotional face stimuli in WM.
Boar sperm motility is modulated by CCK at a low concentration of bicarbonate under capacitation conditions
Authors: Moros‐Nicolás C. , López‐Úbeda R. , Luongo C. , Sòria‐Monzó P. , Abril‐Sánchez S. , Grudzinska P. , Avilés M. , Izquierdo‐Rico M. J. , García‐Vázquez F. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn a previous study, our group detected the cholecystokinin (CCK) protein in the porcine oviduct. This fact, together with the involvement of CCK in the regulation of sperm protein tyrosine phosphorylation by the modulation of HCO3− uptake (in mice and humans) suggests a role for CCK during sperm capacitation. Therefore, on the one hand, the expression of CCK receptors (CCK1R and CCK2R) on boar testes has been investigated and probed; on the other hand, boar spermatozoa (from seminal doses of 1‐day and 5‐day storage) were exposed to different concentrations of CCK (0‐control, 25 or 50 μM) in a medium supporting capacitation supplemented with 0, 5 or 25 mmol/L of HCO3− for 1 h at 38.5°C. Sperm motion (total and progressive motility), kinetic parameters, viability, acrosome status, and mitochondrial activity were determined. No differences between groups (0, 25 or 50 μM of CCK) were observed when HCO3− was absent in the media (p > .05). However, the results showed that when the media was supplemented with 5 mmol/L HCO3− in 1‐day seminal dose storage, the linearity index (LIN, %), straightness index (STR, %) and oscillation index (WOB, %) (sperm kinetics parameters) increased in the presence of CCK regardless the concentration (p < .05). Nevertheless, CCK in sperm from 5‐day storage only increased the WOB parameter in comparison to the control (p < .05). Furthermore, the average amplitude of the lateral displacement of the sperm head (ALH, μm) and curvilinear velocity (VCL, μm/s) decreased when CCK was present, depending on its concentration and sperm aging (1‐day vs. 5‐days) (p < .05). In the case of the media supporting capacitation supplemented with 25 mmol/L HCO3−, any differences were observed except for sperm viability in the 5‐day seminal doses, which increased in the 50 μM‐CCK group compared to the control (p < .05). In conclusion, these data suggest an implication of CCK protein during sperm capacitation under low bicarbonate concentration increasing the sperm linear trajectory.
Contouring in the optic plane improves the accuracy of computed tomography‐based segmentation of the optic pathway
Authors: Walther Eric , Griffin Lynn , Randall Elissa , Sandmeyer Lynne , Osinchuk Stephanie , Sukut Sally , Hansen Katherine , Keyerleber Michele , Lawrence Jessica , Parker Sarah , Mayer Monique 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCanine optic pathway structures are often contoured on CT images, despite the difficulty of visualizing the optic pathway with CT using standard planes. The purpose of this prospective, analytical, diagnostic accuracy study was to examine the accuracy of optic pathway contouring by veterinary radiation oncologists (ROs) before and after training on optic plane contouring. Optic pathway contours used as the gold standard for comparison were created based on expert consensus from registered CT and MRI for eight dogs. Twenty‐one ROs contoured the optic pathway on CT using their preferred method, and again following atlas and video training demonstrating contouring on the optic plane. The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was used to assess contour accuracy. A multilevel mixed model with random effects to account for repeated measures was used to examine DSC differences. The median DSC (5th and 95th percentile) before and after training was 0.31 (0.06, 0.48) and 0.41 (0.18, 0.53), respectively. The mean DSC was significantly higher after training compared with before training (mean difference = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.08–0.12; P < 0.001) across all observers and patients. DSC values were comparable to those reported (0.4–0.5) for segmentation of the optic chiasm and nerves in human patients. Contour accuracy improved after training but remained low, potentially due to the small optic pathway volumes. When registered CT‐MRI images are not available, our study supports routine addition of an optic plane with specific window settings to improve segmentation accuracy in mesaticephalic dogs ≥11 kg.