bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data-driven phenomapping for novel classification for cardiovascular outcomes compared with traditional obesity index: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Authors: Zare Borzeshi Elahe , Valizadeh Majid , Panahi Mohammad Hossein , Khalili Davood , Mousavizadeh Mostafa , Mehrabi Yadollah 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to propose a data-driven framework for classification of at-risk people for cardiovascular outcomes regarding obesity and metabolic syndrome.DesignA population-based prospective cohort study with a long-term follow-up.SettingData from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) were interrogated.Participants12 808 participants of the TLGS cohort, aged ≥20 years who have followed for over 15 years were assessed.Main outcome measuresData for 12 808 participants, aged ≥20 years who have followed for over 15 years, collected through TLGS as a prospective, population-based cohort study, were analysed. Feature engineering followed by hierarchical clustering was used to determine meaningful clusters and novel endophenotypes. Cox regression was used to demonstrate the clinical validity of phenomapping. The performance of endophenotype compared with traditional classifications was evaluated by the value of Akaike information criterion/Bayesian information criterion. R software V.4.2 was employed.ResultsThe mean age was 42.1±14.9 years, 56.2% were female, 13.1%, 2.8% and 6.2% had experienced cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD mortality and hard CVD, respectively. Low-risk cluster compared with the high risk had significant difference in age, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, 2 hours post load plasma glucose, triglyceride, triglycerides to high density lipoprotein ratio, education, marital status, smoking and the presence of metabolic syndrome. Eight distinct endophenotypes were detected with significantly different clinical characteristics and outcomes.ConclusionPhenomapping resulted in a novel classification of population with cardiovascular outcomes, which can, better, stratify individuals into homogeneous subclasses for prevention and intervention as an alternative of traditional methods solely based on either obesity or metabolic status. These findings have important clinical implications for a particular part of the Middle Eastern population for which it is a common practice to use tools/evidence derived from western populations with substantially different backgrounds and risk profiles.
Developing a patient decision aid for Achilles tendon rupture management: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Gan Jan F L , McKay Marnee J , Jones Caitlin M P , Harris Ian A , McCaffery Kirsten , Thompson Rachel , Hoffmann Tammy C , Adie Sam , Maher Christopher G , Zadro Joshua R 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo develop and user-test a patient decision aid portraying the benefits and harms of non-surgical management and surgery for Achilles tendon ruptures.DesignMixed methods.SettingA draft decision aid was developed using guidance from a multidisciplinary steering group and existing patient decision aids. Participants were recruited through social media.ParticipantsPeople who have previously sustained an Achilles tendon rupture and health professionals who manage these patients.Primary and secondary outcomesSemi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used to gather feedback on the decision aid from health professionals and patients who had previously suffered an Achilles tendon rupture. The feedback was used to redraft the decision aid and assess acceptability. An iterative cycle of interviews, redrafting according to feedback and further interviews was used. Interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Questionnaire data were analysed descriptively.ResultsWe interviewed 18 health professionals (13 physiotherapists, 3 orthopaedic surgeons, 1 chiropractor, 1 sports medicine physician) and 15 patients who had suffered an Achilles tendon rupture (median time since rupture was 12 months). Most health professionals and patients rated the aid’s acceptability as good-excellent. Interviews showcased agreement among health professionals and patients on most aspects of the decision aid: introduction, treatment options, comparing benefits and harms, questions to ask health professionals and formatting. However, health professionals had differing views on details about Achilles tendon retraction distance, factors that modify the risk of harms, treatment protocols and evidence on benefits and harms.ConclusionOur patient decision aid is an acceptable tool to both patients and health professionals, and our study highlights the views of key stakeholders on important information to consider when developing a patient decision aid for Achilles tendon rupture management. A randomised controlled trial evaluating the impact of this tool on the decision-making of people considering Achilles tendon surgery is warranted.
Caregiver experiences of feeding children with developmental disabilities: a qualitative study using interpretative phenomenological analysis from India
Authors: Samuel Reema , Manikandan Bhuvaneswari , Russell Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveWe aimed to explore caregiver experiences of feeding children with developmental disabilities, in the context of it being influenced by biological, personal and social factors.DesignThis study applied a qualitative study design through focus group discussions (FGDs), using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis.SettingThis study was conducted at the Child Psychiatry Unit of a tertiary care centre in South India, between March and November 2020.ParticipantsSeventeen mothers of children with developmental disabilities, who provided written informed consent, participated in four FGDs.ResultsThree over-arching themes were identified. Feeding experience: (a) a tedious, confusing task; (b) disproportionate onus on mothers; (c) influenced by sociocultural norms.ConclusionFeeding can be a stressful activity for both caregiver and child, influenced by family structure and sociocultural belief systems. Considering caregivers’ emotional status, facilitatory and hindering environmental factors, and actively exploring strategies to promote the generalisation of strategies learnt into real-life outcomes are essential in tailoring deficit-specific feeding interventions.
Circulating testosterone levels and health outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from ECLIPSE and ERICA
Authors: Pavey Holly , Polkey Michael I , Bolton Charlotte E , Cheriyan Joseph , McEniery Carmel M , Wilkinson Ian , Mohan Divya , Casaburi Richard , Miller Bruce E , Tal-Singer Ruth , Fisk Marie 
Published: June 2023

The relationship of circulating testosterone levels with health outcomes in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown.AimTo determine whether serum testosterone levels predict hospitalised acute exacerbations of COPD (H-AECOPD), cardiovascular disease outcome, and mortality in people with COPD.MethodsSeparate analyses were carried out on two observational, multicentre COPD cohorts, Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate End-points (ECLIPSE) and Evaluation of the Role of Inflammation in Chronic Airways Disease (ERICA), both of which had serum testosterone measured using a validated liquid chromatography assay at the same laboratory. Data from 1296 male participants in ECLIPSE and 386 male, 239 female participants in ERICA were analysed. All analyses were sex-specific. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine associations with H-AECOPD during follow-up (3 years ECLIPSE, 4.5 years ERICA), a composite endpoint of cardiovascular hospitalisation and cardiovascular death, and all-cause mortality.ResultsMean (SD) testosterone levels were consistent across cohorts; 459 (197) and 455 (200) ng/dL for males in ECLIPSE and ERICA, respectively, and in ERICA females: 28 (56) ng/dL. Testosterone was not associated with H-AECOPD (ECLIPSE: OR: 0.76, p=0.329, ERICA males: OR (95% CI): 1.06 (0.73 to 1.56), p=0.779, ERICA females: OR: 0.77 (0.52 to 1.12), p=0.178) or cardiovascular hospitalisation and death. Testosterone was associated with all-cause mortality in Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage 2 male patients only, in ECLIPSE (OR: 0.25, p=0.007) and ERICA (OR: (95% CI): 0.56 (0.32 to 0.95), p=0.030).ConclusionsTestosterone levels do not relate to H-AECOPD or cardiovascular outcome in COPD, but are associated with all-cause mortality in GOLD stage 2 COPD male patients, although the clinical significance of this finding is uncertain.
Relationship between social support and 7-year trajectories of cognitive decline: results from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Wang Yuran , Chen Xuanji , Hu Yaoyue 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundSocial support is associated with cognitive function at an older age, but how distinct dimensions of social support affect trajectories of cognitive decline in older Chinese adults remains unclear.MethodsUsing longitudinal data (waves 1–4) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, 7-year trajectories of cognitive decline by various social support markers, including family support, financial support, public support and perceived support, were estimated using latent growth curve modelling for adults aged 60 and over (N=6795).ResultsAfter adjusting for baseline sociodemographics, behaviours, body mass index and health conditions, all social support markers were associated with baseline cognitive function, except for living with spouse. Participants living with spouse experienced a slower cognitive decline (0.069 per year, 95% CI 0.006, 0.133) than those who were not. A faster cognitive decline was associated with co-residing with children (−0.053 per year, 95% CI −0.104, –0.003), receiving ≥¥5000 from children (−0.095 per year, 95% CI −0.179, –0.011), receiving financial support from others (−0.108 per year, 95% CI −0.208, –0.008) and perceived support (−0.068 per year, 95% CI −0.123, –0.013). When all markers were mutually adjusted for, the associations of living with spouse and receiving financial support from others with cognitive decline disappeared. Stratifying by rural–urban residence, medical insurance and meeting children 1–3 times per month were associated with a slower rate of cognitive decline in urban residents but not in rural residents.ConclusionOverall, our findings confirm that the effects of distinct domains of social support on cognitive decline vary. More equally good social security systems should be established in urban and rural China.
Evaluation of the clinical, biochemical, genotype and prognosis ofmut-type methylmalonic acidemia in 365 Chinese cases
Authors: Liang Lili , Ling Shiying , Yu Yue , Shuai Ruixue , Qiu Wenjuan , Zhang Huiwen , Shen Linghua , Wu Shengnan , Wei Haiyan , Chen Yongxing , Yang Chiju , Xu Peng , Chen Xigui , Zou Hui , Feng Jizhen , Niu Tingting , Hu Haili , Gong Zhuwen , Chen Ting , Zhan Xia , Gu Xuefan , Han Lianshu 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundMethylmalonic acidemia (MMA), which results from defects in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (muttype) or its cofactor, is the most common inherited organic acid metabolic disease in China. This study aimed to investigate the phenotype and genotype ofmut-type MMA in Chinese patients.MethodsWe recruited 365 patients withmut-type MMA; investigated their disease onset, newborn screening (NBS) status, biochemical metabolite levels, gene variations and prognosis; and explored the relationship between phenotype and genotype.ResultsThere were 152 patients diagnosed by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) expanded NBS, 209 patients diagnosed because of disease onset without NBS and 4 cases diagnosed because of sibling diagnosis. The median age of onset was 15 days old, with a variety of symptoms without specificity. Urinary levels of methylmalonic acid and methylcitric acid (MCA) decreased after treatment. Regarding the prognosis, among the 152 patients with NBS, 50.6% were healthy, 30.3% had neurocognitive impairment and/or movement disorders and 13.8% died. Among the 209 patients without NBS, 15.3% were healthy, 45.9% had neurocognitive impairment and/or movement disorders and 33.0% died. In total, 179 variants were detected in theMMUTgene, including 52 novel variations. c.729_730insTT, c.1106G>A, c.323G>A, c.914T>C and c.1663G>A were the five most frequent variations. The c.1663G>A variation led to a milder phenotype and better prognosis.ConclusionThere is a wide spectrum of variations in theMMUTgene with several common variations. Although the overall prognosis ofmut-type MMA was poor, participation in MS/MS expanded NBS, vitamin B12responsive and late onset are favourable factors for the prognosis.
SuperDyna: Unlocking the Potential of Post-Treatment Device Evaluation
Authors: Raz Eytan , Sharashidze Vera , Nossek Erez , Sahlein Daniel H , Rostanski Sara , Chung Charlotte Y , Khawaja Ayaz Mahmood , Nelson Peter Kim , Shapiro Maksim 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundCurrent imaging algorithms for post-device evaluation are limited by either poor representation of the device or poor delineation of the treated vessel. Combining the high-resolution images from a traditional three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) protocol with the longer cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) protocol may provide simultaneous visualization of both the device and the vessel content in a single volume, improving the accuracy and detail of the assessment. We aim here to review our use of this technique which we termed “SuperDyna”.MethodsIn this retrospective study, patients who underwent an endovascular procedure between February 2022 and January 2023 were identified. We analyzed patients who had both non-contrast CBCT and 3D-DSA post-treatment and collected information on pre-/post-blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, radiation dose, and the intervention type.ResultsIn 1 year, SuperDyna was performed in 52 (of 1935, 2.6%) patients, of which 72% were women, median age 60 years. The most common reason for the addition of the SuperDyna was for post-flow diversion assessment (n=39). Renal function tests showed no changes. The average total procedure radiation dose was 2.8 Gy, with 4% dose and ~20 mL of contrast attributed to the additional 3D-DSA needed to generate the SuperDyna.ConclusionsThe SuperDyna is a fusion imaging method that combines high-resolution CBCT and contrasted 3D-DSA to evaluate intracranial vasculature post-treatment. It allows for more comprehensive evaluation of the device position and apposition, aiding in treatment planning and patient education.
Rebleeding following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage before ‘endovascular first’ treatment: a retrospective case-control study of published scoring systems
Authors: Dissanayake Arosha S , Burrows Emalee , Ho Kwok M , Phillips Timothy J , Honeybul Stephen , Hankey Graeme J 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundPre-treatment re-bleeding following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) affects up to 7.2% of patients even with ultra-early treatment within 24 hours. We retrospectively compared the utility of three published re-bleed prediction models and individual predictors between cases who re-bled matched to controls using size and parent vessel location from a cohort of patients treated in an ultra-early, ‘endovascular first’ manner.MethodsOn retrospective analysis of our 9-year cohort of 707 patients suffering 710 episodes of aSAH, there were 53 episodes of pre-treatment re-bleeding (7.5%). Forty-seven cases who had a single culprit aneurysm were matched to 141 controls. Demographic, clinical and radiological data were extracted and predictive scores calculated. Univariate, multivariate, area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROCC) and Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival curve analyses were performed.ResultsThe majority of patients (84%) were treated using endovascular techniques at a median 14.5 hours post-diagnosis. On AUROCC analysis the score of Liuet al.had minimal utility (C-statistic 0.553, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.463 to 0.643) while the risk score of Opponget al.(C-statistic 0.645 95% CI 0.558 to 0.732) and the ARISE-extended score of van Lieshoutet al.(C-statistic 0.53 95% CI 0.562 to 0.744) had moderate utility. On multivariate modeling, the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade was the most parsimonious predictor of re-bleeding (C-statistic 0.740, 95% CI 0.664 to 0.816).ConclusionsFor aSAH patients treated in an ultra-early timeframe matched on size and parent vessel location, WFNS grade was superior to three published models for re-bleed prediction. Future re-bleed prediction models should incorporate the WFNS grade.
LARGE-AREA FABRICATION OF A HARD AND WEAR-RESISTANT SUPERHYDROPHOBIC MATERIAl
Authors: CAO DONG , ZHU YANXIANG , YANG ZHIGANG 
Published: June 2023

Different types of superhydrophobic materials have been fabricated by constructing surfaces with low surface energy and micro-nanostructures, most of which are coatings. Due to the fragile rough structure of the coating, it is very easy to lose its superhydrophobic properties when exposed to friction, corrosion, high temperature, and other effects of the external environment. This has largely hindered the large-scale application of superhydrophobic materials. Here, a rigid superhydrophobic material with polyurethane foam as the substrate, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nanoparticles as the matrix phase, and carbon nanotubes as the reinforcing phase have been reported. The fabricated material showed excellent superhydrophobicity (157∘ ± 1∘) and robustness. The contact angle of the superhydrophobic material surface remained above 150∘ and the rolling angle below 10∘ after 1000 cycles (distance is 40[Formula: see text]m) of abrasion using 800 # sandpaper at pressure of 5[Formula: see text]kPa.
Evaluation of the Bioactivity of Honey in Combination with Alcoholic Extract of Black Cardamom and Zataria multiflora
Authors: Jafari Sajjad , Sharifi Yaeghob , Akbari Reza , Vardast Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2023

Considering the high rates of global antimicrobial resistance, researchers are looking for new ways to deal with the resistance. Therefore, this study is aimed at analyzing the bioactive compounds and antimicrobial effects of honey and alcoholic extracts of Zataria multiflora and Black cardamom. The mixture of honey (30%) and alcoholic extracts of Zataria multiflora (35%) and Black cardamom (35%) as named F6 revealed the antibacterial activity against three tested bacteria (

MIC
=
1000

μg/ml). Thymol, resorcinol, and phenol, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl, 3,7-octadiene-2, 6-diol, 2, 6-dimethyl) were identified as potential antimicrobial agents using GC-MS. The F6 toxicity to RBCs and HEK293 human cells was 11.13 and 13.84 times lower for Triton X-100 toxicity (95%), respectively. We concluded that F6 has the best antibacterial activity against E. coli and less toxicity against tested eukaryotic cells due to the presence of chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide, thymol, and resorcinol.
Association between Sleep Duration and Colorectal Adenomas: Findings from a Case–Control Study in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Chi Thi-Du , Paragomi Pedram , Tran Mo Thi , Nguyen Mai Vu-Tuyet , Tuong Thuy Thi-Van , Tran Quang Hong , Le Linh Cu , Pham Huong Thi-Thu , Ha Hien Thi-Thu , Bui Nam Chi , Vu Hien Huy , Ta Phuong Que , Shrubsole Martha J. , Cai Qiuyin , Ye Fei , Le Song Huu , Vu Khien Van , Tran Huong Thi-Thanh , Tran Thuan Van , Boffetta Paolo , Shu Xiao-Ou , Luu Hung N. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background:
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading cancers worldwide and in Vietnam. Adenomas are important precursors of colorectal cancer. Study on the association between sleep duration and development of colorectal adenoma (CRA) is limited, particularly among Vietnamese population.

Methods:
We conducted an individually matched case–control study of 870 CRA cases and 870 controls in a large-scale colorectal screening program involving 103,542 individuals ages ≥40 years old in Hanoi, Vietnam. Sleep duration was categorized in three groups: short: ≤6 hours/day, normal: 7 to 8 hours/day, and long: &gt;8 hours/day. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between sleep duration and adenomas risk after controlling for potential confounders.

Results:
Overall, short-sleep duration was associated with increased risk of having CRA compared with normal duration [OR, 1.48; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12–1.97]. This pattern was present in both females (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.14–2.18) and males (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.08–1.93), with advanced adenomas (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.09–2.38) and non-advanced adenomas (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.19–2.32). Furthermore, the association between CRA development and short-sleep duration was more apparent among females who were nondrinker, nonobese, physically active, with proximal or both sided adenomas and with cardiometabolic disorder. Among males, the short-sleep duration was associated with CRA risk among never-smoking, cardiometabolic disorders, and obese.

Conclusions:
Short-sleep duration was associated with increased prevalence of both advanced and non-advanced CRAs among Vietnamese population.

Impact:
Findings from this study showed that maintaining an adequate sleep duration may have an important implication for colorectal adenoma prevention and control.
Chromatin-Associated SIN3B Protects Cancer Cells from Genotoxic Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Dictates DNA Damage Repair Pathway Choice
Authors: Morales-Valencia Jorge , Petit Coralie , Calderon Alexander , Saini Siddharth , David Gregory 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Transcription and DNA damage repair act in a coordinated manner. The scaffolding protein SIN3B serves as a transcriptional co-repressor of hundreds of cell cycle–related genes. However, the contribution of SIN3B during the DNA damage response remains unknown. Here, we show that SIN3B inactivation delays the resolution of DNA double-strand breaks and sensitizes cancer cells to DNA-damaging agents, including the chemotherapeutic drugs cisplatin and doxorubicin. Mechanistically, SIN3B is rapidly recruited to DNA damage sites where it directs the accumulation of Mediator of DNA Damage Checkpoint 1 (MDC1). In addition, we show that SIN3B inactivation favors the engagement of the alternative nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair pathway over the canonical NHEJ. Altogether, our findings impute an unexpected function for the transcriptional co-repressor SIN3B as a gatekeeper of genomic integrity and a determining factor in the DNA repair choice pathway, and point to the inhibition of the SIN3B chromatin-modifying complex as a novel therapeutic vulnerability in cancer cells.

Implications:
Identifying SIN3B as a modulator of DNA damage repair choice provides novel potential therapeutic avenues to sensitize cancer cells to cytotoxic therapies.