bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of leucaena hay (Leucaena leucocephala leucocephala) associated with cactus pear (Nopalea cochenilifera Salm Dyck) in diets for crossbred steers
Authors: Rodrigues Weudes Andrade , DAVID GABRIEL SANTOS SOUZA , Teixeira Fábio Andrade , Azevêdo José Augusto Gomes , Santos Ariomar Rodrigues dos , Nogueira Messias de Sousa , Pires Aureliano José Vieira 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Our objective was to evaluate the effects of leucaena hay combined with cactus pear on the nutritional parameters and nitrogen metabolism of crossbred steers. Eight crossbred steers, with an average age of 12 months, initial weight of 267.5 ± 15 kg, were distributed into two simultaneous 4x4 Latin squares according to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, in which the first factor evaluated two different proportions of inclusion of hay from leucena (50 or 70% dry matter basis), and the second factor was the total replacement of ground corn grain with cactus pear. Data were analyzed by the MIXED procedure of SAS. Significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. There was lower dry matter (DM) intake (P < 0.05) in animals fed 70% hay. There was an interaction (P < 0.05) between the factors for DM digestibility, in which the animals fed cactus pear did not differ regardless of the inclusion of leucaena, but for animals without cactus pear, the greater inclusion of leucaena hay decreases DM digestibility. The inclusion of cactus decreased (P < 0.05) free water intake. On the other hand, there was interaction (P < 0.05) for total water intake, in which the animals fed without cactus pear presented similarity for this, while in the inclusion of cactus pear, the animals fed 70% of leucaena presented higher water intake. Also, lower values (P < 0.05) of chewing (number/bolus and number/d) were observed for animals fed cactus pear.
Measurement of Mouse Head and Neck Tumors by Automated Analysis of CBCT Images
Authors: Court Benjamin Van , Neupert Brooke , Nguyen Diemmy , Ross Richard , Knitz Michael , Karam Sana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Animal experiments are often used to determine effects of drugs and other biological conditions on cancer progression, but poor accuracy and reproducibility of established tumor measurement methods make results unreliable. In orthotopic mouse models of head and neck cancer, tumor volumes approximated from caliper measurements are conventionally used to compare groups, but geometrical challenges make the procedure imprecise. To address this, we developed software to better measure these tumors by automated analysis of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. This allows for analyses of tumor shape and growth dynamics that would otherwise be too inaccurate to provide biological insight. Monitoring tumor growth by calipers and imaging in parallel, we find that caliper measurements of small tumors are weakly correlated with actual tumor volume and highly susceptible to experimenter bias. The method presented provides a unique window to sources of error in a foundational aspect of preclinical head and neck cancer research and a valuable tool to mitigate them.
Impact of kidney volume on incidence of in-hospital kidney-related adverse outcomes in patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Saito Akira , Asano Taku , Komiyama Nobuyuki , Ohde Sachiko 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:Recent studies revealed an association between kidney volume and function in particular settings such as kidney transplantation and transcatheter aortic valve implantation. We hypothesized that kidney volume was associated with the incidence of kidney-related adverse outcomes such as worsening renal function (WRF) in patients with acute heart failure (AHF).
Methods:This study was a single-center retrospective cohort study. It included patients admitted for AHF treatment between 2011 and 2021 and who underwent computed tomography (CT) that included images of the kidneys on the date of admission. We measured the volume of the right and left kidneys using dedicated volume analyzing software for 3D-CT (SYNAPSE VINCENT, Fuji Film, Tokyo, Japan) and determined the total kidney volume by adding the volumes of the left and right kidneys. We newly defined the composite of death from any cause, initiating renal replacement therapy, and WRF during hospitalization as Kidney-related adverse composite event (KACE). We conducted multivariate logistic regression analysis to evaluate the impact of KACE and each component of KACE adjusted for age, sex, body surface area, serum creatinine on admission date and the factors that were significantly associated with the incidence of KACE by bivariate analysis.
Results: In the 229 patients enrolled in the analysis, death from any cause, initiating RRT, and WRF occurred in 30 (13.1%), 10 (4.4%), and 89 (38.9%) patients, respectively. It was found that small kidney volume (≤250ml) was independently associated with the increased incidence of KACE (odds ratio 6.10, 95% confidence interval [1.68-22.16], p=0.006) and WRF (odds ratio 7.14, 95%confidence interval [1.91-26.73] p=0.004). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for multivariate logistic regression analysis of KACE was 0.77.
Conclusions: Kidney volume on admission was independently associated with the increased incidence of kidney-related adverse outcomes during hospitalization in patients with AHF.
Research on water and fertilizer PH control strategy of automatic fertilizer application system in cotton field
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhang Lixin , Hu Xue , Wang Huan , Zhang Xiongye 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Xinjiang, China's largest cotton-producing region, suffers from a severe shortage of water resources. Cotton is a highly adapted crop to limited water conditions and no significant decreases in cotton yield have been observed under appropriate limited water conditions. Therefore, water and fertilizer integration technology has become the fundamental way out for the development of the cotton industry in Xinjiang. Time-varying, hysteresis and non-linearity in automatic fertilizer application systems for cotton fields. To address this problem, a fuzzy PID controller based on genetic algorithm optimisation is studied and designed in this paper. Optimisation of the control parameters of the PID is achieved through the optimisation of the proportionality factor in the fuzzy control algorithm by means of a genetic algorithm to complete the precise control of the fertilizer pH value. Development of an automatic fertilizer control system based on a real-time fuzzy control system using MATLAB and PLC controllers with OPC technology. The performance of the controller was verified experimentally and the results showed that the controller has good control accuracy and robustness compared with conventional PID controllers and fuzzy PID controllers, achieving the effect of precise fertilizer application.
Zoonotic Giardia duodenalis Assemblage A in Northern Sloth from Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Reis Lisiane Lappe dos , de Souza Lirna Salvioni Silva , Braga Francisco Carlos de Oliveira , Lima Dayane Costa de Souza , Lima Natália Aparecida de Souza , Padinha Jessica da Silva , Nava Alessandra Ferreira Dales , Vicente Ana Carolina Paulo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The zoonotic protozoa parasite Giardia duodenalis infects a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including domestic and wild animals as well as humans. G.duodenalis is one of the most common intestinal parasite in humans and mammals worldwide. In humans, the disease is called giardiasis, with symptoms such as acute diarrhea which may progress to a chronic stage, but most infections remain asymptomatic. In children, giardiasis has a negative impact on their growth and cognitive development. Zoonotic assemblages A and B have already been identified in humans and wild and domestic animals (non-human primates and cats) from Brazilian Amazon. Here, in a screening focusing Giardia identification in wild animals from the Brazilian Amazon region, we identified, by microscopy, Giardia in two Northern sloths (Bradypus tridactylus). Samples from these two individuals were submitted to molecular assays, PCR targeting the beta giardin gene and amplicon sequencing, and it was revealed that both were infected by G. duodenalisfrom zoonotic assemblage A. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis showed that each one belong to a distinct assemblage A sub-cluster within sequences from humans and animals. Therefore, besides showing, by the first time, the presence of this parasite in sloths, our findings reveals that this wild animal species would be part of the zoonotic scenario of this parasite in the Brazilian Amazon.
Health Care Workers’ Experiences of Calling-for-help When Taking Care of Critically Ill Patients in Hospitals in Tanzania and Kenya
Authors: Mkumbo Elibariki Godfrey , Willows Tamara Mulenga , Onyango Onesmus , Khalid Karima , Maiba John , Schell Carl Otto , Oliwa Jacquie , McKnight Jacob , Baker Tim , English Mike 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
When caring for critically ill patients, health workers often need to ‘call-for-help’ to get assistance from colleagues in the hospital. Systems are required to facilitate calling-for-help and enable the timely provision of care for critically ill patients. Evidence around calling-for-help systems is mostly from high income countries but the state of calling-for-help in hospitals in Tanzania and Kenya has not been formally studied. This study aims to describe health workers’ experiences about calling-for-help when taking care of critically ill patients in hospitals in Tanzania and Kenya.
Methods
Ten hospitals across Kenya and Tanzania were visited and in-depth interviews conducted with 30 health workers who had experience of caring for critically ill patients. The interviews were transcribed, translated and the data thematically analyzed.
Results
The study identified three thematic areas concerning the systems for calling-for-help when taking care of critically ill patients: 1) there are weak structures for calling-for-help; 2) The calling-for-help processes are innovative and improvised; and 3) the help that is provided is not as requested.
Conclusion
Calling-for-help when taking care of a critically ill patient is a necessary life-saving part of care, but health workers in Tanzanian and Kenyan hospitals experience a range of significant challenges. Hospitals have weak structures, processes for calling-for-help are improvised and help that is provided is not as requested. These challenges likely cause delays and decrease the quality of care, potentially resulting in unnecessary mortality and morbidity.
Neonatal Zika virus infection causes transient perineuronal net degradation
Authors: Engel Kaliroi , Lee Ha-Na , Tewari Bhanu P. , Lewkowicz Aaron P. , Ireland Derek D.C. , Manangeeswaran Mohanraj , Verthelyi Daniela 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) form a specialized extracellular matrix that regulates neuronal activity. Their formation early in the postnatal period is regulated by neuronal signaling and glial activation raising concerns that the long-term neurological sequelae ascribed to perinatal viral infections could be mediated by altered PNN formation. Previously, we developed neonatal zika virus (ZIKV) infection model where mice have lifelong neurological sequelae despite resolving the acute infection. Here, we demonstrate that neonatal ZIKV infection results in a reduction of PNN formation during the acute disease with significant reduction in Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) staining and increased aggrecan and brevican degradants. Following resolution of infection, the level of WFA staining as well as levels of aggrecan and brevican in brains normalize, but there is increased frequency of abnormal or immature PNN. In adults, the impact of the perinatal infection subsides and PNN levels and morphology are not different from control mice. Of note, the reduction in PNN formation during acute infection was associated with increased expression of MMP12 and MMP19, but not MMP9, ADAMTS-4 or ADAMTS-5. Together our findings indicate that infection at the time of PNN development interferes with PNN formation, but nets can reform once the infection and inflammation subside.
Which factors contribute to standardized test scores for prospective general science teachers: An analysis of the PraxisⓇ General Science Content Knowledge Test.
Authors: Ndembera Rachel , Ray Herman , Shah Lisa , Rushton Gregory 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

This study aims to contribute to the knowledge base of what is known about the general science certified teaching population. Studies have shown that science teacher content knowledge is among the most foundational components of effective teaching and learning. Our study analyzes thePraxisⓇGeneral Science Content Knowledge Test (GSCKT) from May 2006-June 2016. We present one of the largest datasets comprising 28,688 general science teacher candidates in order to provide information about their demonstrated general science content knowledge. Our results can be used to design targeted professional learning experiences for pre- and inservice teachers with the objective of strengthening teacher recruitment and retention efforts. Findings from this study are particularly useful while planning inservice topic specific professional learning for teachers pre- and inservice GS teachers by answering the following research questions (1) How have personal and professional characteristics correlated withPraxisⓇGSCKT performance in the last decade? (2) How have examinees performed as a whole in each category on thePraxisⓇGSCKT? (3) Which personal and/or professional characteristics have been associated with examinee performance in each category? What have been the relative category performances of examinees of varying characteristics? Examinee performance at the category level was analyzed through a four-part process: 1. Percent correct; 2. Regression; 3. ANOVA; 4. Scaled points lost. Our findings revealed that examinees demonstrated strongest performance in the topics assessingLife Scienceand identifiedEarth & Space Scienceas a topic in need of support. Across categories, we found differences in achievement associated with undergraduate major, gender, and ethnicity. Test-takers with STEM majors consistently lost fewer points than their out-of-field counterparts, that men outperformed women in the study, and White test-takers lost fewer scaled points than Black and Hispanic candidates. Our recommendations include reviewing our results for alignment with state standards in order to develop comprehensive content knowledge development that will be used as an anchor for focused support on those topics where test-takers tend to demonstrate lowest proficiency.
Differences between urinary metabolites in individual renal units in patients with unilateral nephrolithiasis
Authors: Gorgen Antonio R. H. , Vu Minh-Chau , Cumpanas Andrei D. , Tano Zachary E. , Ali Sohrab N. , Jiang Pengbo , Landman Jaime , Asplin John R. , Clayman Ralph V. , Patel Roshan M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Twenty-four-hour urine testing is performed to identify urine electrolyte abnormalities that are associated with kidney stone formation. This analysis pools urine from the two kidneys even though in many patients, stones affect only one renal unit. Our goal was to determine if there were significant differences in urine electrolytes between the stone-bearing and the stone-free kidney.
METHODS: Fourteen adult patients with unilateral nephrolithiasis scheduled for ureteroscopy or percutaneous nephrolithotomy were enrolled. Following Foley catheter drainage of the bladder, a ureteral access sheath (UAS) was passed into the stone-bearing kidney. Urine was collected simultaneously from the UAS (intervention) and from the Foley catheter (control) for 10-15 minutes. Samples were analyzed for urine stone risk factors. Pairwise comparison was made between the two kidneys using both raw concentration values and concentration values corrected for creatinine. The amount of urine collected determined the type of analysis performed. In those patients where at least 6ml of urine was collected, the samples were split into two samples, one for the addition of thymol and the other for the addition of hydrochloric acid (HCl).
RESULTS: Among the 14 patients, there were 11 complete thymol samples and 5 complete HCl samples. There were differences at the individual level between the kidneys. In the HCl samples, all patients had unilateral metabolic differences related to stone formation: higher urinary calcium in three, higher urinary oxalate in one and lower urinary citrate in one patient.
CONCLUSIONS: In most patients, there were urinary metabolite differences between the renal units, most notably in urinary calcium concentration.
Development of Dissimilar AA2014 and AA2024 Based Composite by Using nano-TiC as Reinforcement Via FSP Technique to Categorize Microstructure, Interfacial Layer, and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Dwivedi Shashi Prakash , Saxena Ambuj , Sharma Shubham 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the present study, dissimilar aluminum alloys AA2014 and AA2024 alloys have been taken as a base matrix material to develop the composite material by using nano-TiC particles as reinforcement. The friction stir process (FSP) technique was employed to develop the composite. The number of tool passes on the workpiece surface i.e. single, double, triple, and fourth were varied in this experiment. Nono-TiC particles were encapsulated in the groove. Homogeneous distribution and proper interfacial reaction layer of nano-TiC particles were observed in the processed surface of AA2014 and AA2024 alloy for the composite fabricated after the triple tool pass. XRD analysis illustrated the occurrence of Al, TiC, and Al2Cu phases inside the composite. The average tensile strength of aluminum alloys (average of AA2014 and AA2024) was found to be 225 MPa. The tensile strength of the nano-TiC reinforced AA2014 and AA2024-based composite material after the triple tool pass was found to be 256 MPa. There was a 20.54% improvement in the hardness after the addition of nano-TiC in the aluminum alloy (AA2014 and AA2024) developed after the triple tool pass. The friction stir process produced a nanocrystalline layer near the surface of the material, which improved the wear resistance of the composite.
WITHDRAWN: Detection of Unauthorized IoT devices using Machine Learning
Authors: Sonawane Uday 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

As technology advances, so will the risk, as new types of vulnerabilities emerge with each new release of software. Such is the case with IoT devices and new upcoming technologies such as 5G, which will soon take over the world as each user may have two or three devices monitoring their health and safety. Allowing vulnerabilities in such devices can be dangerous and lead to fatal accidents. It is not possible to find a solution for every vulnerability, nor is it possible to continuously monitor the condition of a device. So why not let machines monitor and analyze such flaws? We can determine whether a device or its network is compromised by employing machine learning techniques. These techniques can perform device verification at high speeds while also taking action against unauthorized devices. We used parameters like a node's battery power consumption, what data it collects, how much power the CPU consumes, how many packets are exchanged and received, and so on to determine whether the node is authorized or not. This model is limited to a single type of IoT device; to add multiple devices, the model must be trained separately for each one. The method is based on the idea that if a device has unusual power consumption and packet exchange parameters, it will identify those devices as unauthorized. We were able to achieve an accuracy of over 97 percent for identifying authorized while training this model, which means that in this model we basically check whether the device is authorized by calculating a threshold value for that device. If the threshold is less than the maximum allowable threshold, the device is authorized; otherwise, it is not.
Excellent optical, flexible, and mechanical properties of cellulose liquid crystal films induced by carbon quantum dots
Authors: Zhao Xinyu , Feng Huimin , Kang Wenjia , Yang Boying , Ma Yueer , Li Xinping , Chang Hui , Tong Shuhua , Xiong Chuanyin , Zhang Zhao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Recently, cellulose liquid crystals (LCs) have received attention due to their unique photophysical properties. However, their fragility and single structural color mode (birefringence) restricts their further development. Herein, a flexible optoelectronic LC film was reported composed of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) produced by evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA). Due to weak interactions between CQDs and CNCs, the optimal tensile strength and curvature reached 65.5 MPa and 2×102, respectively, thereby solving the fragility of LC films. In addition, these products retained not only the structural color of cellulose LC in the birefringent mode, but also introduced fluorescence in the CQD ultraviolet excitation mode. This was conducive for improving anticounterfeiting performance. Related work also addressed the issue of cellulosic LC fragility and provided a new method.
Autoscaling in Serverless Computing : Taxonomy and OpenChallenges
Authors: Jawaddi Siti Nuraishah Agos , Ismail Azlan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The popularity of serverless computing has been fueled by its operational simplicity, pay-per-use pricing model, and the ability to autoscale. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews that focus on the autoscaling context in serverless computing. In this paper, we address this gap by proposing a taxonomy of autoscaling properties for serverless computing. To gather relevant information, we review recent contributions on autoscaling in serverless computing from 2018 to 2022. Using the proposed taxonomy, we analyze the existing autoscaling solutions. Our analysis reveals that the scaling objectives explored by researchers are limited to certain elements, and the existing serverless autoscaling approaches do not provide guarantees that the scaling policies or strategies can meet the Service Level Agreement (SLA) requirements. We conclude by recommending open challenges from three perspectives: verification of autoscaling, energy-driven autoscaling, and anomaly-aware autoscaling. These challenges highlight the need for future research to address the limitations of existing autoscaling approaches and provide more robust and reliable autoscaling mechanisms for serverless computing.