bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Methotrexate and 7‐Hydroxymethotrexate Exposure on Renal Toxicity in Pediatric Non‐Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Bing Hao , Ma Yi , Xu Jiamin , Ling Qixian , Duan Yanlong , Zhao Libo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground7‐Hydroxymethotrexate (7‐OHMTX) is the main metabolite in plasma following high‐dose MTX (HD‐MTX), which may result in activity and toxicity of the MTX. Moreover, 7‐OHMTX could produce crystalline‐like deposits within the renal tubules under acidic conditions or induce renal inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis through various signaling pathways, ultimately leading to kidney damage. The objectives of this study were thus to explore the exposure–safety relationship of two compounds and search the most reliable marker for predicting HDMTX nephrotoxicity.MethodA total of 280 plasma concentration data (140 for MTX and 140 for 7‐OHMTX) for 60 pediatric patients with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were prospectively collected. Plasma MTX and 7‐OHMTX concentrations were determined using a high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) method. A nonlinear mixed effect model approach was used to build a joint population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model. After validation, the model estimated the peak concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve within the initial 48 h (AUC0‐48h) of the patients after drug administration by Bayesian feedback. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to identify an exposure threshold associated with nephrotoxicity.ResultsA three‐compartment chain model (central and peripheral compartments for MTX and central compartment 7‐OHMTX) with the first‐order elimination adequately characterized the in vivo process of MTX and 7‐OHMTX. The covariate analysis identified that the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was strongly associated with the peripheral volume of distribution of MTX. Moreover, the Cmax of MTX and 7‐OHMTX showed significant differences (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0472, respectively) among patients with or without nephrotoxicity. Similarly, individuals with nephrotoxicity also exhibited substantially higher ratio of 7‐OHMTX to MTX peak concentration and the sum of MTX + 2.25 times the concentration of 7‐OHMTX (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0426, respectively). By ROC analysis, the Cmax of MTX and 7‐OHMTX had the greatest area under the curve (AUC) values (0.769 and 0.771, respectively). A Cmax threshold of 9.26 μmol/L for MTX or a Cmax threshold of 0.66 μmol/L for 7‐OHMTX was associated with the best sensitivity/specificity for toxicity events (MTX: sensitivity = 0.886; specificity = 0.70; 7‐OHMTX: sensitivity = 0.886; specificity = 0.70).ConclusionsWe demonstrated that the Cmax of MTX and 7‐OHMTX were the most reliable markers associated with nephrotoxicity and proposed a Cmax threshold of 9.26 μmol/L for MTX and 0.66 μmol/L for 7‐OHMTX as the point with a high risk of nephrotoxicity. Altogether, this study may contribute to crucial insights for ensuring the safe administration of drugs in pediatric clinical practice.
Pediatric Anesthetic Management of a Patient With an ALG‐13 Gene Mutation, a Rare Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation
Authors: Thakkar Esha , Iasiello John A. , Cai Sunny R. , Hutton Adrienne 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCongenital disorders of glycosylation are rare and present a challenge in management due to interactions with intraoperative medications. We present safe and successful anesthetic management of a pediatric patient with an ALG‐13 gene mutation.
Impact of Prussian Blue Particle Size Distribution on Electrochemical Performance of Gel Polymer Electrolyte‐Based Na‐Ion Cells
Authors: Patriarchi Asia , Caroni Jonathan , Minnetti Luca , Sbrascini Leonardo , Darjazi Hamideh , Nobili Francesco , Muñoz‐Márquez Miguel Ángel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are one of the most advanced electrochemical energy storage technologies. However, the increasing demand for LIBs, coupled with problems related to availability and lack of manufacturing centers, has led to lithium market inflation. At this point, sodium‐ion batteries (SIB) represent an economically and environmentally attractive alternative for LIBs. Prussian Blue cathodes (PB) have been extensively studied as cost‐effective materials with volumetric variations that allow the accommodation of sodium ions in the structure. Herein, we present a quasi‐solid Na‐ion cell based on PB cathode and green gel polymer electrolyte (GPE). Nanometric and micrometric PB powders are synthesized and characterized using a wide variety of structural, compositional and electrochemical techniques. The effect of the PB particle size in combination with different electrolytes is investigated. Enhanced cell safety is obtained using a GPE prepared by following a novel green method that avoids using toxic organic solvents. All the tested cells report remarkable electrochemical performance, being the nanometric‐PB/ GPE/ Na cell configuration the one with the highest specific capacity and almost no capacity loss after 100 cycles, outperforming analogous cells assembled with liquid electrolyte. This electrochemical stability is triggered by a robust electrode‐electrolyte interphase.
Tumor Microenvironment‐Responsive Multinucleated Nanocomplexes Loaded with Carbon Dots for Combined Photothermal/Chemodynamic Therapy of Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhu Zihan , Zhang Yan , He Cui , Jin Yimin , Bian Wei , Tang Xinjing , Wang Jing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLow cure rate and high death rate of cancers have seriously threatened human health. The combining multiple therapies is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. In this study, we construct a novel multinucleated nanocomplex loaded with carbon dots (CDs‐SA@TAMn) that responds to tumor microenvironment for combined photothermal/chemodynamic cancer therapy. Fluorescence imaging results show that CDs‐SA@TAMn can effectively accumulated in tumor sites. In acidic tumor microenvironment, CDs‐SA@TAMn will release Mn2+, activating chemodynamic therapy and producing substantial reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill tumor. Additionally, when irradiated by an 808 nm laser, CDs‐SA@TAMn will exert the photothermal effect to realize high performance of cancer hyperthermia treatment. The nanocomplexes feather simple preparation, low toxicity, controlled release and imaging‐guided therapy, showcasing the potential of precise and high‐performance anti‐tumor combination therapy in biomedical applications.
Seaweed Aquaculture for Carbon Farming: An Assessment Under the EU's QU.A.L.ITY (Quantification, Additionality, Long‐Term Storage, Sustainability) Framework
Authors: Hughes Adam D. , Fedenko Jeffrey , O'Dell Alasdair , Swanlund Hayley 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThere is growing interest in establishing a seaweed farming industry in Europe, and this industry has the potential for being a mechanism for atmospheric carbon dioxide removal (CDR). The EU recognises the potential of CDR to help meet climate change targets, but also acknowledges the importance of creating credible markets for CDR ecosystem services (ES) through voluntary carbon markets to promote sustainable investment and to avoid claims of greenwashing. In response to this, the EU has proposed a framework (termed QU.A.L.ITY) for the establishment of CDR certification schemes, based on the four criteria of quantifiable, additionality, long‐term storage and overall sustainability. While seaweed aquaculture holds potential for CDR and could meet the QU.A.L.ITY criteria on a generic level, specific projects face hurdles in data collection, standardized methodologies, sediment protection regulations, and applicability of the taxonomy. Robust certification frameworks like the EU's are crucial to avoid greenwashing and ensure credible climate action through seaweed CDR.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of dual‐task outcomes in subjective cognitive decline
Authors: Salzman Talia , Laurin Erica , Thibault Chloe , Farrell Peter , Fraser Sarah 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) may represent a preclinical manifestation of objective cognitive impairment. This review consolidated existing findings to determine if dual‐tasks objectively differentiate between individuals with SCD, motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, AgeLine, and CINAHL were systematically searched for dual‐task studies examining older adults with SCD and analyzed using random‐effects meta‐analyses. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Within the SCD group, faster gait speed (SMD, 1.35; 95% CI, 0.57–2.13; p = .0007) and longer step length (SMD, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.44–1.26; p < .0001) favored the single compared to dual‐task condition. Faster gait speed was observed in the SCD group compared to MCI (SMD, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.28–0.67; p = .0001). A standardized dual‐task approach is needed to track gait parameters longitudinally, beginning with changes occurring at the SCD stage as these may precede future cognitive impairments.Highlights
Evidence demonstrates that SCD may be a precursor to dementia.
Faster dual‐task gait speed was observed in the SCD group compared to MCI.
Slower dual‐task gait speed and shorter step length were observed within the SCD group.
Dual‐tasks may help differentiate between preclinical and clinical cognitive decline.
Dual‐tasks should be standardized and changes should be tracked longitudinally.
A longitudinal study of functional brain complexity in progressive Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhang Ru , Aksman Leon , Wijesinghe Dilmini , Ringman John M. , Wang Danny J. J. , Jann Kay ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONCross‐sectional resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) studies have revealed altered complexity with advanced Alzheimer's disease (AD) stages. The current study conducted longitudinal rsfMRI complexity analyses in AD.METHODSLinear mixed‐effects (LME) models were implemented to evaluate altered rates of disease progression in complexity across disease groups.RESULTSThe LME models revealed complexity of the higher frequency in the CNtoMCI group (those converted from cognitively normal [CN] to mild cognitive impairment [MCI]) decayed faster over time versus CN in the prefrontal and lateral occipital cortex; complexity of the lower frequency decayed faster in AD versus CN in various frontal and temporal regions (p < 0.05 & Benjamini–Hochberg corrected with q < 0.05).DISCUSSIONLocal functional brain activities decayed in the early stage of the disease, and long‐range communications were impacted in the later stage. Our study demonstrated longitudinal changes in AD‐related rsfMRI complexity, indicating its potential as an imaging biomarker of AD.Highlights
We conducted longitudinal resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) complexity analyses using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative dataset.
Higher‐frequency complexity in the CNtoMCI group (those transitioning from cognitively normal [CN] to mild cognitive impairment [MCI]) was found to decay faster over time compared to CN, specifically in the prefrontal and lateral occipital cortex.
Lower‐frequency complexity was found to decay faster in AD versus CN in various frontal and temporal regions.
This study demonstrated that longitudinal changes in rsfMRI complexity could serve as a potential imaging biomarker for Alzheimer's disease.
Twoline Skiffia's Latency to Exit a Refuge and to Locate Food When Socialising With Invaders and Raising Temperatures
Authors: Santiago‐Arellano Abigail , Alcocer Javier , de la Barrera Erick , Camacho‐Cervantes Morelia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAquatic ecosystems are reservoirs of biodiversity and are highly threatened. Among the main threats to biodiversity are invasive species and global warming, the later has allowed the establishment of invasive species from originally warmer climates outside their native range by reducing the barriers to their establishment and distribution. Behaviour is the immediate response that species modify to counteract changes in their environment. Latency to respond to certain stimuli is an indicator of different behavioural tendencies associated with boldness, for example, quickly leaving a shelter could lead to benefits like finding a mate or locating food faster. We investigated the latency to exit a refuge and to locate food of the native twoline skiffia (Skiffia bilineata) from central Mexico at three temperatures (18°C, 23°C and 28°C) and in the presence/absence of invasive guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Our results are the first to show native fish could benefit from associating with invaders when emerging from a refuge and locating food under higher temperatures, but they would find themselves at the extreme of their thermal tolerance. Evidence of positive outcomes from biological invasions is increasing; however, further research is needed to understand if potential benefits for natives are temporary, which may make biological invasions less detrimental during the initial stages.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing as a prognosis‐assessing tool in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: da Conceicao C. Rozados , Krannich A. , Zach V. , Pinto R. , Deichl A. , Feuerstein A. , Schleussner L. , Edelmann F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsPatients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction represent half of the heart failure patients nowadays, an at least steady trend due to the aging of the population. We investigated whether the parameters obtained from cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) correlated with the prognosis of these patients. This prospective observational cohort study assesses the relationship between the CPET parameters peakVO2 and VE/VCO2 slope and the number of heart failure hospitalizations or cardiovascular death of these patients.Methods and resultsFrom August 2016 until May 2019, 99 patients from our outpatient unit with newly diagnosed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction underwent CPET. Median follow‐up was 30 months [interquartile range, 24–38.5]. We selected peakVO2 < 14 mL/min/kg and a VE/VCO2 slope > 34 as threshold values for our primary clinically relevant endpoint, a composite of hospitalization for heart failure or cardiovascular death. Mean age was 75.07 ± 7.31 years, 49% were women, 75% were at NYHA class II and median NTproBNP was 511 pg/mL. Mean peakVO2 was 15.09 ± 4.75, and mean VE/VCO2 was 36.05 ± 6.60. During follow‐up, there were 207 all‐cause hospitalizations, 126 cardiovascular hospitalizations, 58 heart failure hospitalizations and 4 deaths. Over a median follow‐up of 30 months, the primary clinically relevant endpoint occurred in 5 of 40 patients (12.5%) with a VE/VCO2 slope ≤ 34 and in 19 of 59 patients (32.2%) with a VE/VCO2 slope > 34 [hazard ratio, 2.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00–7.21; P = 0.04]. On multivariate analysis, VE/VCO2 slope was independently associated with heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death as a terminal event.ConclusionsIn patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, a VE/VCO2 slope > 34 predicts heart failure hospitalizations and cardiovascular death.
Ring Opening and C(ω)‐S Coupling: Nickel‐Mediated Transformation of Alicyclic Alkoxyhydroperoxides
Authors: Fomenkov Dmitri I. , Budekhin Roman A. , Mulina Olga M. , Komarova Olga A. , Doronin Mikhail M. , Belyakova Yulia Yu. , He Liang‐Nian , Yaremenko Ivan A. , Terent'ev Alexander O. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOzonolysis of cycloalkanone semicarbazones in alcohol containing solution with the subsequent addition of nickel (II) dithiocarbamates or xanthates was found to result in ω‐xanthyl or ω‐dithiocarbamyl carboxylic acid esters. The reaction proceeds in several steps. The initial one is cycloalkanone semicarbazone ozonolysis in the presence of alcohol, which leads to alicyclic alkoxyhydroperoxide. The second step is an extraordinary interaction between the alkoxyhydroperoxide and nickel (II) dithiocarbamate or xanthate, which proceeds via alkoxy radical formation and its subsequent β‐scission, resulting in C−S coupling products. The developed method allows to obtain ω‐xanthyl or ω‐dithiocarbamyl esters in yields up to 52 % relative to the initial cycloalkanone semicarbazone.
Design and Analysis of Carbon‐Supported NiMo HER Catalysts and Electrodes for High Performance All PGM‐Free AEM Electrolysers
Authors: Heinius Lukas , Klingenhof Malte , Weiser Gregor , Schröer Pierre , Metzler Lukas , Koch Susanne , Selve Sören , Vierrath Severin , Strasser Peter 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe influence of the nature of carbon‐support materials on the structure and the electrochemical performance of NiMo cathode catalysts is investigated. Carbon materials addressed in this study include Ketjen Black, Vulcan and MWCNT‐COOH. A one pot, easily scalable, hydrothermal microwave synthesis with a subsequent hydrogen reduction step was applied for the preparation of the catalyst materials. The structures and compositions of the catalysts were characterized by TEM/SEM, XRD, ICP‐OES, BET and STEM‐EDX. The performance of the catalysts was tested using rotating disc electrode (RDE) and anion exchange membrane (AEM) single‐cell electrolyser to downselect the most active material. The influence of pH, catalyst loading and type of carbon support was investigated to optimize the operating conditions. By increasing the KOH concentration from 0.1 to 1 M in an AEM electrolysis cell, the current density could be more than doubled, whereas the introduction of a carbon support raised the current density by a factor of seven. Finally, it is demonstrated how applying a novel bar‐coating preparation of the electrodes in a PGM‐free AEM electrolyser enabled a favourable current density of 1 A cm−2 at 2.04 V. This performance is comparable to earlier systems but requires only a fraction of the catalyst loading.
Translating policy harmonization into practice—The case of the EU Blue Card Directive
Authors: Bešić Almina , Diedrich Andreas , Karabegović Dženeta 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study introduces a translation perspective to analyze the policy harmonization process, highlighting imitation, brokering, and editing in shaping policy dynamics at EU and national levels. The translation perspective emphasizes that while policy development is ongoing, the protracted process signals a shift in EU‐wide coordination of skilled labor migration. We show how ongoing translation efforts have transformed the coordination of skilled labor migration across the EU, as labor migration policies have translated into each other, resulting in mutual transformation. The study provides insights into the complex processes of policy harmonization via the Blue Card, enhancing understanding of EU labor migration policy. The findings demonstrate the continuous nature of policy translation between multiple contexts. The article traces developments surrounding the EU Blue Card Directive, including a parallel scheme in Austria, offering insights into skilled migration policy dynamics beyond linear diffusion models.
How to Approach the Definition of WUI in Northern Europe
Authors: Elio Medina Javier , Plathner Frida Vermina , Pastor Elsa , Fernandez‐Anez Nieves 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis article aims to delineate the wildland–urban interface in the sparsely populated, limited‐resourced Scandinavian peninsula (excluding Finland). Common WUI mapping assumptions and how different thresholds capture the reality of building ignition from wildfire in this region are evaluated. We show that dedicated fuel maps capture areas at risk slightly better than vegetation maps, although the choice of map per se is less important than the selected limit for possible ember transport. The commonly used 6.17 buildings/km2 threshold for building density fails to capture most wildfire incidents that have led to building ignition.
Platelet‐derived apoptotic vesicles ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating lipid metabolism via apolipoprotein A‐II
Authors: Jiang Yuhe , Liao Yike , Wang Zeying , Zhu Lei , Liu Yunsong , Zhang Ping , Zhu Yuan , Li Wenyue , Zhou Yongsheng , Zhang Xiao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a broad range of conditions, commencing with simple steatosis and progressing to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis, with the possibility of further deterioration into fibrosis, cirrhosis, and ultimately, hepatocellular carcinoma. Unfortunately, there is currently no approved medication for treating NAFLD‐associated liver steatosis. This underscores the need for improved therapeutic approaches that can modulate lipid metabolism and halt the transition from liver steatosis to chronic liver disease. Our previous studies have demonstrated that apoptotic vesicles (apoVs), which are produced during apoptosis, show great potential in regulating liver homeostasis. However, whether they can ameliorate NAFLD is unknown. In our research, apoVs derived from platelets (PLT‐apoVs) as well as apoVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC‐apoVs) were used to treat NAFLD. The results showed that PLT‐apoVs exhibited superior effects in diminishing lipid accumulation in liver induced by high‐fat diet than MSC‐apoVs. Through proteomic analysis, we defined and validated apolipoprotein A‐II (APOA2) as a regulator for apoV‐mediated MSC adipogenesis, which could be used as a target to enhance apoV therapeutic potential in the lipid metabolism biomedical field. Owing to the higher expression of APOA2, PLT‐apoVs showed better therapeutic effects than MSC‐apoVs. Our results pave the way to apoV‐based therapy for NAFLD.
Evaluation of the Financial Distress of Hospitals Through Machine Learning: An Application of AI in Healthcare Industry
Authors: Oner Nurettin , Zengul Ferhat D. , Agirbas Ismail 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDue to the intricate nature of hospital structures, the examination of factors contributing to financial distress necessitates more advanced methodologies than conventional approaches. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence, specifically machine learning algorithms, offer alternative means of analyzing patterns in these factors to assess hospital financial distress. This study employs various machine learning algorithms to forecast financial distress, as measured by the Altman Z score, for hospitals in Turkey. Prediction models were constructed using decision trees, random forests, K‐nearest neighbors, artificial neural networks, support vector machines, and lasso regression algorithms. The findings indicate that the most effective classifiers for predicting hospital financial distress were lasso regression and random forest. Additionally, financial factors, competition, and socioeconomic development level emerged as significant determinants in forecasting hospital financial distress.