bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Profitabilitas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di BEI Tahun 2016-2018
Authors: Mahendra Febrianto  , Subchan Subchan  
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of capital structure, profitability, company size on firm value in manufacturing companies on the IDX. The population in this study is the financial statement data of manufacturing companies that are listed and presented to the public in full published by the Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2016-2018. While the sample used is 23 companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2016-2018.
Hypothesis 1 testing (H1) shows that the t value = -1.342 < t table = 1.667, with a significance number = 0.184 > α = 0.05, so that Hypothesis 1 (H1) is not significant (H1 is rejected). Thus, the hypothesis (H1) that capital structure (X1) affects firm value (Y) is not proven. This means that the greater of capital structure invested by investors in the company, the less it doesn’t affect the value of the company. Hypothesis 2 testing (H2) shows that the t value for (β2) = 8.769 > t table = 1.667, with a significance number = 0.000 < α = 0.05, so that Hypothesis 2 (H2) is significantly positive (H2 is accepted). Thus, the hypothesis (H2) that profitability (X2) has a positive effect on firm value (Y) is proven. This means that the greater of profitability generated by the company, the more the company value will also increase.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Harga, Dan Promosi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Pada CV Mulia Utama Semarang
Authors: Jonet Setiaji  , SB Handayani  
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh kualitas produk, harga, dan promosi Terhadap keputusan pembelian Pada CV Mulia Utama Semarang. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kusioner. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Sampel sebanyak 97 responden merupakan konsumen Pada CV Mulia Utama Semarang. Berdasarkan hasill pengujian Kualitas produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, hasil ini terbukti karena nilai t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel yaitu 3,369 > 1,661 dengan nilai sig. sebesar 0,001 < 0,05 dengan nilai koefisien regresi 0,242 maka dapat artikan bahwa semakin tinggi kualitas produk maka, semakin tinggi tingkat keputusan pembelian konsumen. Harga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, hasil ini terbukti karena nilai t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel yaitu 6,738 > 1,661 dengan nilai sig. sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 dengan nilai koefisien regresi 0,544 maka dapat artikan bahwa semakin sesuai harga yang diberikan maka, semakin tinggi tingkat keputusan pembelian konsumen. Promosi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, hasil ini terbukti karena nilai t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel yaitu 2,442 > 1,661 dengan nilai sig. sebesar 0,017 < 0,05 dengan nilai koefisien regresi 0,193 maka dapat artikan bahwa semakin tinggi promosi yang diberikan maka, semakin tinggi tingkat keputusan pembelian konsumen.
Beyond The Borders Global Collaboration in Open Distance Education through Virtual Exchanges
Authors: Msekelwa Patrick Zingisa 
Published: September 2023

As a component of their educational programs and with the guidance of educators and/or facilitators, groups of students participate in virtual exchanges (VE), which are extended periods of online intercultural interaction and collaboration with peers from around the world. Experts in a scientific subject are linked up with others who want to participate for teaching and learning through virtual collaboration. In order to host material where both students and professors can share knowledge in a particular subject, many worldwide colleges and ODeL institutions use virtual platforms. Students can improve knowledge and abilities in a range of areas crucial to their personal, academic, and professional growth through virtual communication. Both synchronous and asynchronous digital tools were employed by students and teachers for virtual communication and collaboration. Students in South Africa can digitally interact with a professor in Canada and elsewhere. The difficulty is that some of the lecturers and students are not instructed on how to utilize the technology, let alone how to deal with network issues. Examining the literature was done with a focus on the virtual exchange in ODeL. The study's methodology is qualitative research. The study has used connectivism theory to examine the data collected from students participating in virtual interaction. According to the Connectivism theory, learning happens when peers connect and collaborate to exchange ideas, thoughts, and viewpoints. The study utilized five online learning groups. The participants' thoughts, experiences, and perspectives on the value of digital engagement were solicited. The gathered data were analyzed using thematic analysis, a technique for uncovering themes in qualitative data. The findings demonstrated that digital interaction and virtual exchange enhance communication, problem-solving abilities, and language development
Validated, Quantitative, Machine Learning-Generated Neurologic Assessment of Multiple Sclerosis Using a Mobile Application
Authors: Stoll Sharon , Litchman Charisse , Rubin Noah , Rubin Larry , Vartanian Timothy 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:
The BeCare MS Link mobile app collects data as users complete different in-app assessments. It was specifically developed to evaluate the symptomatology and neurologic function of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to become a digital equivalent of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and other standard clinical metrics of MS progression.

METHODS:
Our research compared EDSS scores derived from the BeCare MS link app to EDSS scores derived from neurologist assessment for the same cohort of 35 patients diagnosed with MS. App-derived data were supplied to 4 different machine learning algorithms (MLAs) with an independent EDSS score prediction generated from each. These scores were compared with the clinically derived EDSS score to assess the similarity of the scores and to determine an accuracy estimate for each.

RESULTS:
Of the 4 MLAs employed, the most accurate MLA produced 19 EDSS score predictions that exactly matched the clinically derived scores, 21 score predictions within 0.5 EDSS points, and 32 score predictions within 1 EDSS point. The remaining MLAs also provided a relatively high level of accuracy in predicting EDSS scores when compared with clinically derived EDSS, with over 80% of scores predicted within 1 point and a mean squared error with a range of 1.05 to 1.37.

CONCLUSIONS:
The BeCare MS Link app can replicate the clinically derived EDSS assessment of a patient with MS. The app may also offer a more complete evaluation of disability in patients with MS.
Assessing the Impact of Mobile Money Interoperability on Small and Medium Scale Enterprises Payments and Receipts in Ghana
Authors: Acheampong Winnifred , Boateng Williams Kwame 
Published: September 2023

Background: The study examines the influence of mobile money interoperability on the payment and receipts of small and medium-sized businesses, with case studies from the Ga Central Municipal Assembly. The findings are intended to provide insight into how mobile money interoperability has benefited SMEs, as well as the level of awareness among SMEs and the challenges they face in using the mobile money interoperability service in their daily operations, in order to make recommendations to relevant stakeholders to improve service delivery in the municipal assembly and throughout Ghana.
Methods: The research design for the study is quantitative in nature specifically a survey design. The study established that mobile money interoperability has a positive effect on payment and receipts of SMEs in many ways.
Results: Accessibility, efficiency, and dependability, as well as transaction prices and transaction time, are all elements that influence SMEs' decision to use mobile money interoperability, according to the report. The study also discovered that mobile money interoperability has an impact on SMEs' profitability, sales turnover, credit sales/purchase payments, and daily sales.
Conclusions: The report recommends that SMEs improve their awareness of mobile money interoperability payment and receipt systems in order to increase usage and educate SMEs on interoperability theft, usage, and benefits in order to make it safer and more beneficial for them. Finally, the study recommended that mobile money providers make conscious efforts to strengthen the security characteristics of mobile money interoperability systems in order to prevent theft cases.
Hospital Readmissions by Variation in Engagement in the Health Care Hotspotting Trial
Authors: Yang Qiang , Wiest Dawn , Davis Anna C. , Truchil Aaron , Adams John L. 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceVariability in intervention participation within care management programs can complicate standard analysis strategies.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether care management was associated with reduced hospital readmissions among individuals with higher participation probabilities.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA total of 800 hospitalized patients aged 18 years and older were randomized as part of the Health Care Hotspotting randomized clinical trial, which was conducted in Camden, New Jersey, from June 2014 to September 2017. Data were collected through October 2018. In this new analysis performed between April 6, 2022, and April 23, 2023, the distillation method was applied to account for variable intervention participation. A gradient-boosting machine learning model produced predicted probabilities of engaged participation using baseline covariates only. Predicted probabilities were used to trim both intervention and control populations in an equivalent manner, and intervention effects were reevaluated within study population subsets that were increasingly concentrated with patients having higher participation probabilities. Patients had 2 or more hospitalizations in the 6-month preenrollment period and documented evidence of chronic illness and social complexity.InterventionMultidisciplinary teams provided services to patients in the intervention arm for a mean 120 days after hospital discharge. Patients in the control group received usual postdischarge care.Main Outcomes and MeasuresHospital readmission rates and counts 30, 90, and 180 days postdischarge.ResultsOf 800 eligible patients, 782 had complete discharge information and were included in this analysis (mean [SD] age, 56.6 [12.7] years; 395 [50.5%] female). In the intent-to-treat analysis, the unadjusted 180-day readmission rate for treatment and control groups was 60.1% vs 61.7% (adjusted odds ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.71-1.28; P = .73) and the mean (SD) number of 180-day readmissions was 1.45 (1.89) vs 1.48 (1.94) (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 0.99, 95% CI, 0.88-1.12; P = .86). Among the population with the highest participation probabilities, the mean (SD) 180-day readmission count was 1.22 (1.74) vs 1.57 (1.74) and the incidence rate ratio attained statistical significance (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.56-0.99; P = .045). Adjusted odds ratios and adjusted incidence rate ratios for 30- and 90-day outcomes reached statistical significance after population distillation.Conclusions and RelevanceThis secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial found that care management was associated with reduced readmissions among patients with higher participation probabilities, suggesting that program operation could be improved by addressing barriers to participation and refining inclusion criteria to identify patients most likely to benefit.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02090426
Frequency‐dependent community dynamics driven by sexual interactions
Authors: Yamamichi Masato , Tsuji Kaoru , Sakai Shoko , Svensson Erik I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResearch in community ecology has tended to focus on trophic interactions (e.g., predation, resource competition) as driving forces of community dynamics, and sexual interactions have often been overlooked. Here we discuss how sexual interactions can affect community dynamics, especially focusing on frequency‐dependent dynamics of horizontal communities (i.e., communities of competing species in a single ecological guild). By combining mechanistic and phenomenological models of competition, we place sexual reproduction into the framework of modern coexistence theory. First, we review how population dynamics of two species competing for two resources can be represented by the Lotka–Volterra competition model as well as frequency dynamics, and how niche differentiation and overlap produce negative and positive frequency‐dependence (i.e., stable coexistence and priority effect), respectively. Then, we explore two situations where sexual interactions change the frequency‐dependence in community dynamics: (1) reproductive interference, that is, negative interspecific interactions due to incomplete species recognition in mating trials, can promote positive frequency‐dependence and (2) density‐dependent intraspecific adaptation load, that is, reduced population growth rates due to adaptation to intraspecific sexual (or social) interactions, produces negative frequency‐dependence. We show how reproductive interference and density‐dependent intraspecific adaptation load can decrease and increase niche differences in the framework of modern coexistence theory, respectively. Finally, we discuss future empirical and theoretical approaches for studying how sexual interactions and related phenomena (e.g., reproductive interference, intraspecific adaptation load, and sexual dimorphism) driven by sexual selection and conflict can affect community dynamics.
Agent Nominalizations
Authors: Alexiadou Artemis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This is a survey entry on agent nominalizations. It will discuss controversial issues surrounding their interpretation and formation. An important part of the discussion will be devoted to the differences and similarities between agent nominalizations and other derived nominals that license argument structure, which are labelled complex event nominals by Grimshaw. Agent nominalizations will also be compared to instrumental nominalizations, as in many languages the same affix that builds agent nominalizations is also used for the formation of instrumental nominals. Finally, the entry will address the question of the reduced mixed properties of agent nominalizations and present Baker and Vinokurova's typology, according to which, agent nominalizations seem to come in just two types across languages.
Agreement and the Realization of Arguments
Authors: Yuan Michelle , Tyler Matthew 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAgreement is a grammatical phenomenon whereby the form of a morpheme or word co‐varies with the morphosyntactic properties of another word or phrase, typically a noun. Although agreement is, by definition, conditioned by the ϕ‐features (e.g. person, number, gender features) of a noun, a broader survey of cross‐linguistic patterns reveals that thesurface realizationof a noun may similarly have an effect on agreement, even when its ϕ‐features are kept constant. Focusing on noun–verb agreement dependencies, we provide several case studies that illustrate this idea and we show that the relevant factors range from a noun's morphological case to its structural position. Although in many cases these effects may be analysed in purely syntactic terms – that is, they are derivable from conditions on the syntactic process that underlies agreement – we also highlight cross‐linguistic patterns that seem to involve non‐structural factors.
Clipping and Truncation
Authors: Alber Birgit , Arndt‐Lappe Sabine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClippingandtruncationare terms referring to non‐concatenative word‐formation processes by which a word (the base) is truncated down to a predictable form (the truncatum) describable with the help of the categories of prosodic structure. The termclippingis usually used for processes where the base is a common noun, adjective, verb or phrase, whiletruncationis often used irrespective of the syntactic status of the base. A very productive type of truncations are name truncations such as exemplified by the namePatrícia, which can be shortened to the hypocoristicPat. In phonological theory, truncation processes have encountered much interest because of the templatic shape often realized by the truncatum, most typically a mono‐ or disyllabic foot. Truncation patterns can be classified by the type of template that they realize and by their anchoring properties, in other words by the position of the base preserved in the truncatum, usually its initial or stressed, sometimes its final syllable. In this entry, the most salient properties of truncation patterns are presented, such as the emergence of unmarked structures in the truncatum and phenomena of gradience in anchoring. Recent typological analyses of the phenomenon in the framework of Optimality Theory are discussed, as well as the hesitancy of some morphological theories to recognize truncation processes as part of grammar proper. It is concluded that truncation processes are predictable with respect to the prosodic shape of their outputs and that their meaning can be related to that of other processes of evaluative morphology. However, there is still a certain lack of research when it comes to define the meaning and function of single patterns.
Deflexion
Authors: Allen Cynthia L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDeflexion is the loss of inflectional categories. While phonological change has been traditionally assumed to be the main cause of deflexion as affixes ‘wear away’, more recent work has pointed to the importance of language contact as another important factor in the simplification of inflectional systems. This entry gives an overview of what is known about how deflexion proceeds and presents some examples of the effects on other parts of the grammar of a language that have been treated as arising from deflexion. The role that deflexion has played in producing inflectional systems that typologists have identified as being rare is explored. In historical studies within traditional grammar, the inflection found in some stages of languages undergoing deflexion is treated as confused, but some case studies have indicated that the differences with respect to an earlier stage of the language reflect a reorganization of inflectional systems rather than confusion. A large portion of the entry is devoted to the idea that the loss of grammatical categories serves as a trigger for various syntactic changes, such as fixed word order resulting from the loss of case in English and pro‐drop becoming no longer possible in languages when they lose verbal inflectional categories. Closer scrutiny of the stages of the languages where links between deflexion and syntactic change have been proposed show that any such links are not simple, and additional detailed case studies of individual languages are needed to understand the exact nature of such links. The entry ends by looking at the role deflexion has played in the ongoing debate about the unidirectionality of grammaticalization.
Degree Morphology
Authors: De Clercq Karen , Caha Pavel , Starke Michal , Wyngaerd Guido Vanden 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis entry provides a chronological overview of the treatment of degree morphology in the generative literature from the 1970s until today. Starting out from Ultan's four basic degrees of comparison, it initially widens the scope to consider other types of degree morphology. It then homes in on the expression of the positive, comparative and superlative degrees, and the way these are related to one another. It is shown how the functional superstructure of the adjective became increasingly fine‐grained, with the earliest proposals involving a partitive layer (QP) with a degree determiner (deg) on top of the lexical adjectival core. It is then shown howdegis split up into a comparative headcmprand a superlative headsprlin the work of Bobaljik, which is based on attested and unattested patterns in root suppletion in the triplet positive–comparative–superlative. Nanosyntactic treatments are discussed, which decompose Bobaljik's heads even further, on the basis of evidence from Czech comparatives and Latin superlatives. Finally, the particular position of the positive degree is discussed, in particular its relation to the comparative, both with respect to their morphological marking and their underlying structural and semantic relationship.
Elative Compounds
Authors: Hoeksema Jack 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Elative compounds, also known as intensifier compounds, serve to intensify scalar adjectives in an idiomatic and often colourful way. They may give rise to prefixoids by analogical extension. Several semantic subtypes are distinguished: (i) simile‐based compounds (
rock hard = hard as a rock
), (ii) resultative compounds (German
sterbenslangweilig
‘die‐boring = boring to death’ and (iii) taboo‐based compounds (Dutch
pisnijdig
‘piss angry’). Elative compounds are extreme adjectives, a class of adjectives associated with extremes of a scale, much like non‐compound adjectives such as
gorgeous, magnificent, fantastic
. When there are several elative compounds of an adjective, the compounds are semantically more specialized than the adjective (and so serve to disambiguate polysemy) and are differentiated in the constructions in which they appear. Elative compounds may undergo further derivation, but they rarely do so. A possible link is proposed with the extreme adjective status of elative compounds. Throughout this entry, comparisons are made between elative compounding and other ways to intensify adjectives.
Mixed Categories
Authors: Sleeman Petra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis is a survey entry on mixed categories, including deverbal nominalizations, deverbal adjectivalizations and deadjectival nominalizations. Section 1 introduces the problems that mixed categories present for X' theory, and more specifically for the problem of headedness. Section 2 discusses derived and non‐derived deverbal nominalizations and shows how their analysis was first based on a distinction between syntax and lexicon, but later on formation in syntax only. In Section 3 the same is done for derived and non‐derived deverbal adjectivalizations. Section 4 focuses on deadjectival nominalizations, again with respect to their mixed properties. The article ends, in Section 5, with a short conclusion.
Morphological Restrictions on Vowel Harmony
Authors: Rebrus Péter , Szigetvári Péter , Törkenczy Miklós 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVowel harmony (VH) is a phonological phenomenon. However, many aspects of VH are governed by non‐phonological factors: morphological domains, roots/stems vs. affixes, their lexical properties, and so on. In this entry, the non‐phonological restrictions on VH by a well‐studied system, that of Hungarian, are surveyed and exemplified. It is concluded that in the majority of cases the non‐phonological factors influencing the selection of harmonic alternants aim to reduce the uncertainty that neutral vowels introduce in the system by creating disharmonic sequences and it is argued that Hungarian front–back harmony is best described with reference to lexically determined paradigm classes of roots associated with different harmonic behaviour.