bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terminological Definitions
Authors: Al-Tamimi Nawaf , Amin Azzam , Zarrinabadi Nourollah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis chapter presents the theoretical underpinnings for the book. First, soft power is defined and related issues to soft power are discussed. Next, the chapter introduces the notion of nation branding as an important asset in responding to political challenges. Moreover, the chapter presents different theoretical underpinning and empirical findings related to nation branding. Finally, the chapter explains public diplomacy and its relationship with soft power and nation branding.
Conclusion
Authors: Al-Tamimi Nawaf , Amin Azzam , Zarrinabadi Nourollah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis chapter presents the final remarks about the study. It evaluates the extent to which the use of nation branding and soft power assisted Qatar to respond to the shock and awe of the blockade. It also states that the process of nation branding helped the state of Qatar to create a protective shield of strategic tools that made it difficult for other countries to attack this small state and to incorporate the elements of soft power to maintain its role in the region and internationally.
A Formal Semantics for P-Code
Authors: Naus Nico , Verbeek Freek , Walker Dale , Ravindran Binoy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDecompilation is currently a widely used tool in reverse engineering and exploit detection in binaries. Ghidra, developed by the National Security Agency, is one of the most popular decompilers. It decompiles binaries to high P-Code, from which the final decompilation output in C code is generated. Ghidra allows users to work with P-Code, so users can analyze the intermediate representation directly. Several projects make use of this to build tools that perform verification, decompilation, taint analysis and emulation, to name a few. P-Code lacks a formal semantics, and its documentation is limited. It has a notoriously subtle semantics, which makes it hard to do any sort of analysis on P-Code. We show that P-Code, as-is, cannot be given an executable semantics. In this paper, we augment P-Code and define a complete, executable, formal semantics for it. This is done by looking at the documentation and the decompilation results of binaries with known source code. The development of a formal P-Code semantics uncovered several issues in Ghidra, P-Code, and the documentation. We show that these issues affect projects that rely on Ghidra and P-Code. We evaluate the executability of our semantics by building a P-Code interpreter that directly uses our semantics. Our work uncovered several issues in Ghidra and allows Ghidra users to better leverage P-Code.
Digitale Unterstützung für eine partizipative und simulationsbasierte Montageplanung in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen
Authors: Kruse Christian , Duisberg Maximilian , Burgert Florens , Kranz Michael , Latos Benedikt , Venhuis Sebastian , Becks Daniela , Yavari Aresch , Steube-Schwier Oliver , Geuting Mathieu , Mütze-Niewöhner Susanne 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Verbundvorhaben „FlexDeMo – Flexible und demografierobuste Montageorganisationsformen partizipativ planen, simulieren und gestalten“ wurde durch das interdisziplinäre Zusammenwirken von Anwendungs-, Entwicklungs- und Forschungspartnern eine Methoden- und Werkzeugsammlung zur digitalen Unterstützung für eine partizipative und simulationsbasierte Montageplanung in KMU entwickelt. Diese ist in Form der im Internet frei zugänglichenFlexDeMo-Plattform(https://toolbox.flexdemo.eu) verfügbar. Das webbasierte Planungssystem – die FlexDeMo-Toolbox – stellt Methoden und digitale Werkzeuge bereit, die KMU bei der Gestaltung und Optimierung ihrer Montageorganisation von der Projektinitiierung bis hin zur Umsetzung begleiten und unterstützen. Entwicklung und Anwendung des Planungssystems sind eingebettet in ein partizipatives Vorgehen, das den Fokus auf die aktive Mitwirkung der betroffenen Beschäftigten richtet. Diese wurden im Laufe des Projektes zu bestimmenden Treibern und eigenverantwortlichen Gestaltern ihres Arbeitssystems.
Detector Calibration
Authors: Hanagaki Kazunori , Tanaka Junichi , Tomoto Makoto , Yamazaki Yuji 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe information needed when analysing data, for example, the cross-section measurements, is the 4-momentum vectors of particles in interest, and possibly the knowledge about species of the particles. For this purpose, the detector for the high energy physics is usually designed so that it allows us to measure the momentum or energy, and information for the particle identification, such as velocity. However, the recorded data as they are do not tell us anything. They are just a bunch of digits which are not energies or positions of particles if they are not properly translated into meaningful physical variables.
Analytics of type IIB flux vacua and their mass spectra
Authors: Coudarchet Thibaut , Marchesano Fernando , Prieto David , Urkiola Mikel A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We analyze the tree-level potential of type IIB flux compactifications in warped Calabi-Yau orientifolds, in regions of weak coupling and moderately large complex structure. In this regime, one may approximate the flux-induced superpotential W by a polynomial on the axio-dilaton and complex structure fields, and a significant fraction of vacua corresponds to a quadratic W. In this quadratic case, we argue that vacua fall into three classes, for which one can push the analytic description of their features. In particular, we provide analytic expressions for the vacuum expectation values and flux-induced masses of the axio-dilaton and complex structure fields in a large subclass of vacua, independently of the Calabi-Yau and the number of moduli. We show that supersymmetric vacua always contain flat directions, at least at this level of approximation. Our findings allow to generate vast ensembles of flux vacua in specific Calabi-Yau geometries, as we illustrate in a particular example.
Resonant s-channel dark matter annihilation at NLO
Authors: Laine M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Studies of dark matter annihilation through an s-channel resonance are often based on recipes such as a narrow width approximation or real intermediate state subtraction. We review a recipe-free formalism that can be implemented at the NLO level in the full theory, and ensures the cancellation of mass singularities. Its basic ingredients can be formulated in the relativistic regime, but we show that the procedure simplifies if we go to the non-relativistic one and assume the presence of kinetic equilibrium. The latter case is illustrated for scalar singlet dark matter with mφ ≃ 60 GeV, freezing out at T ≃ (1–3) GeV, re-confirming the viability of this scenario with couplings tiny enough to evade experimental constraints.
Spectral flow and string correlators in AdS3 × S3 × T4
Authors: Iguri Sergio , Kovensky Nicolas , Toro Julián H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We consider three-point correlation functions for superstrings propagating in AdS3 × S3 × T4. In the RNS formalism, these generically involve correlators with current insertions. When vertex operators with non-trivial spectral flow charges are present, their complicated OPEs with the currents imply that standard methods can not be used to compute such correlators. Here we develop techniques for computing all m-basis correlators of the supersymmetric model. We then show how, in some cases, these results can be translated to the x-basis. We obtain a new family of holographic three-point functions involving spacetime chiral primaries living in spectrally flowed sectors of the worldsheet CFT. These match precisely the predictions from the holographic dual at the symmetric product orbifold point. Finally, we also consider long strings and compute the probability amplitude associated with the process describing the emission/absorption of fundamental string quanta.
Double-sided injection lap riveting
Authors: Pragana João P. M. , Sampaio Rui F. V. , Chantreuil Justin , Bragança Ivo M. F. , Silva Carlos M. A. , Martins Paulo A. F. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article presents a double-sided injection lap riveting process for fixing two overlapped sheets with tubular rivets at room temperature. The rivets are injected by compression into the dovetail ring holes that are previously machined in both sheets, and, in contrast to other joining by plastic deformation processes making use of auxiliary elements, the resulting joints are hidden inside the sheets without material protrusions above or below their surfaces. The new process is applied in the fabrication of aluminum busbar joints for energy distribution systems, and comparisons are made against conventional bolted joints that were fabricated for reference purposes. The work combines experimentation and finite element modelling, and results allow concluding that, in addition to invisibility and savings in assembly space, there are important gains in the thermo-electrical performance of the new joints that are of paramount importance for electric distribution applications.
Historical Lattice Trees
Authors: Cabezas Manuel , Fribergh Alexander , Holmes Mark , Perkins Edwin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe prove that the rescaled historical processes associated to critical spread-out lattice trees in dimensions $$d>8$$

d
>
8

converge to historical Brownian motion. This is a functional limit theorem for measure-valued processes that encodes the genealogical structure of the underlying random trees. Our results are applied elsewhere to prove that random walks on lattice trees, appropriately rescaled, converge to Brownian motion on super-Brownian motion.
Extensions of dissipative and symmetric operators
Authors: Arendt W. , Chalendar I. , Eymard R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGiven a densely defined skew-symmetric operator $$A_0$$

A
0

on a real or complex Hilbert space V, we parameterize all m-dissipative extensions in terms of contractions $$\Phi :{H_{{-}}}\rightarrow {H_{{+}}}$$

Φ
:

H
-

→

H
+

, where $${H_{{-}}}$$

H
-

and $${H_{{+}}}$$

H
+

are Hilbert spaces associated with a boundary quadruple. Such an extension generates a unitary $$C_0$$

C
0

-group if and only if $$\Phi $$
Φ
is a unitary operator. As a corollary we obtain the parametrization of all selfadjoint extensions of a symmetric operator by unitary operators from $${H_{{-}}}$$

H
-

to $${H_{{+}}}$$

H
+

. Our results extend the theory of boundary triples initiated by von Neumann and developed by V. I. and M. L. Gorbachuk, J. Behrndt and M. Langer, S. A. Wegner and many others, in the sense that a boundary quadruple always exists (even if the defect indices are different in the symmetric case).
Sequence stratigraphy and reservoir characterization of the lower Eocene rocks (Thebes Formation) along the Tethyan Ocean's southern margin: biostratigraphy and petrophysical parameter applications
Authors: Ayyad Haitham M. , El-Moghny Mohamed W. Abd , Abuseda Hesham , Samir Ahmed , Bazeen Youssef S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Egyptian lower Eocene carbonate rocks (Thebes Formation) are part of an extensive carbonate platform formed during an eustatic regression along the Tethyan Ocean's southern margin. These rocks are essential in developing Egypt's petroleum system because they can operate as vertical seals in specific basins or as source-reservoir rocks. However, few in-depth studies have been conducted to explore the diagenetic history, pore system, petrophysical characteristics, and sequence stratigraphic framework of these rocks and its relationship to the global sequences. Multiple datasets (foraminiferal assemblages, petrographic, and petrophysical data) from the lower Eocene strata exposed in Wadi El-Dakhl and El-Sheikh Fadl sections on the western side of the Gulf of Suez were integrated. The biostratigraphic examination of the planktic foraminifera shows that three Eocene biozones (E5–E7) were identified in the studied successions. The reservoir quality index and the flow zone indicator show that reservoir quality ranges from poor to fair and good. The primary reservoir porosity was resulted from diagenetic processes, including dissolution, fracturing, and meteoric diagenesis, which enhanced reservoir quality. The inferred benthic foraminifera and petrographic studies indicate a shallowing upward trend and deposition in fluctuating settings ranging from upper slope to middle shelf. This progressive reduction in the relative sea level corresponds to a gradual eustatic decline and demonstrates the enhanced control of tectonic activity and eustasy. Consequently, the Thebes Formation was deposited due to Tethyan sea-level changes, and its pore system was influenced by tectonics associated with the Syrian Arc system and Gulf of Suez rifting.
Estimating permeability of 3D micro-CT images by physics-informed CNNs based on DNS
Authors: Gärttner Stephan , Alpak Faruk O. , Meier Andreas , Ray Nadja , Frank Florian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have experienced an increasing interest in their ability to perform a fast approximation of effective hydrodynamic parameters in porous media research and applications. This paper presents a novel methodology for permeability prediction from micro-CT scans of geological rock samples. The training data set for CNNs dedicated to permeability prediction consists of permeability labels that are typically generated by classical lattice Boltzmann methods (LBM) that simulate the flow through the pore space of the segmented image data. We instead perform direct numerical simulation (DNS) by solving the stationary Stokes equation in an efficient and distributed-parallel manner. As such, we circumvent the convergence issues of LBM that frequently are observed on complex pore geometries, and therefore, improve the generality and accuracy of our training data set. Using the DNS-computed permeabilities, a physics-informed CNN (PhyCNN) is trained by additionally providing a tailored characteristic quantity of the pore space. More precisely, by exploiting the connection to flow problems on a graph representation of the pore space, additional information about confined structures is provided to the network in terms of the maximum flow value, which is the key innovative component of our workflow. The robustness of this approach is reflected by very high prediction accuracy, which is observed for a variety of sandstone samples from archetypal rock formations.
Disentangling the Association Between the Big Five Personality Traits and Student Achievement: Meta-Analytic Evidence on the Role of Domain Specificity and Achievement Measures
Authors: Meyer Jennifer , Jansen Thorben , Hübner Nicolas , Lüdtke Oliver 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStudents’ academic achievement is a central predictor of a long list of important educational outcomes, such as access to higher education and socioeconomic success. Prior studies have extensively focused on identifying variables that are related to academic achievement and an important variable in this context appears to be students’ personality. Notably, although findings from more recent studies suggested that the association between student achievement and personality varies by the subject domain (language vs. STEM) and the type of achievement measure (grades vs. test scores), systematic meta-analytical evidence is still lacking. To address this gap in the educational research literature, we conducted a meta-analysis based on 78 studies, with 1491 effect sizes representing data from 500,218 students and 110 samples from elementary to high school. We used a random-effects model with robust variance estimation to calculate mean effect sizes and standard deviations. We found moderating effects of measure or domain for all five personality traits, with differences in the direction of the effects. Our results highlight the importance of the domain and measure when examining how personality traits relate to academic achievement in school. The combination of subject domain and achievement was also found to be relevant for some of the traits. These findings emphasize that subject domains and types of achievement measures should be explicitly considered when investigating the personality saturation of student achievement. We discuss implications for future research, highlighting that there is no “best” or “more objective” achievement measure but, instead, that achievement measures should be chosen based on the research question of interest.
Vitamin D intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Japanese men and women: the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study
Authors: Nanri Akiko , Mizoue Tetsuya , Goto Atsushi , Noda Mitsuhiko , Sawada Norie , Tsugane Shoichiro ,   For the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study Group
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhile higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations have been reported to be associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality, evidence on dietary vitamin D intake is limited and inconsistent. We investigated whether vitamin D intake is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among Japanese adults. Participants were 42,992 men and 50,693 women who responded to the second survey of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (1995–1998) and who were followed up for mortality through 2018. Dietary intake was ascertained using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Hazard ratios of deaths from the second survey to December 2018 were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. During follow-up, we identified 22,630 deaths. Overall, the third and fourth quintiles, but not the highest quintile, of vitamin D intake were each associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality. In subgroups characterized by low sunlight exposure, risk of all-cause mortality decreased linearly with increasing vitamin D intake. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of all-cause mortality for the highest versus lowest quintile of vitamin D intake were 0.87 (0.79–0.95) in women and 0.88 (0.79–0.97) in residents of higher latitude areas. Lower risk was also observed for all-cause mortality in participants with hypertension and for heart disease mortality in those with higher calcium intake. Higher vitamin D intake was associated with decreased risk of ischemic stroke and pneumonia mortality. Higher dietary vitamin D was associated with a lower risk of mortality among individuals with low sunlight exposure or hypertension. Individuals with potentially low vitamin D may benefit from increasing dietary vitamin D intake for the prevention of premature death.
Monitoring invasive pines using remote sensing: a case study from Sri Lanka
Authors: Nandasena W.D.K.V. , Brabyn Lars , Serrao-Neumann Silvia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractProduction plantation forestry has many economic benefits but can also have negative environmental impacts such as the spreading of invasive pines to native forest habitats. Monitoring forest for the presence of invasive pines helps with the management of this issue. However, detection of vegetation change over a large time period is difficult due to changes in image quality and sensor types, and by the spectral similarity of evergreen species and frequent cloud cover in the study area. The costs of high-resolution images are also prohibitive for routine monitoring in resource-constrained countries. This research investigated the use of remote sensing to identify the spread of Pinus caribaea over a 21-year period (2000 to 2021) in Belihuloya, Sri Lanka, using Landsat images. It applied a range of techniques to produce cloud free images, extract vegetation features, and improve vegetation classification accuracy, followed by the use of Geographical Information System to spatially analyze the spread of invasive pines. The results showed most invading pines were found within 100 m of the pine plantations’ borders where broadleaved forests and grasslands are vulnerable to invasion. However, the extent of invasive pine had an overall decline of 4 ha over the 21 years. The study confirmed that remote sensing combined with spatial analysis are effective tools for monitoring invasive pines in countries with limited resources. This study also provides information to conservationists and forest managers to conduct strategic planning for sustainable forest management and conservation in Sri Lanka.
Enhancing the defectiveness prediction of methods and classes via JIT
Authors: Falessi Davide , Laureani Simone Mesiano , Çarka Jonida , Esposito Matteo , Costa Daniel Alencar da 
Published: January 2023

AbstractContextDefect prediction can help at prioritizing testing tasks by, for instance, ranking a list of items (methods and classes) according to their likelihood to be defective. While many studies investigated how to predict the defectiveness of commits, methods, or classes separately, no study investigated how these predictions differ or benefit each other. Specifically, at the end of a release, before the code is shipped to production, testing can be aided by ranking methods or classes, and we do not know which of the two approaches is more accurate. Moreover, every commit touches one or more methods in one or more classes; hence, the likelihood of a method and a class being defective can be associated with the likelihood of the touching commits being defective. Thus, it is reasonable to assume that the accuracy of methods-defectiveness-predictions (MDP) and the class-defectiveness-predictions (CDP) are increased by leveraging commits-defectiveness-predictions (aka JIT).ObjectiveThe contribution of this paper is fourfold: (i) We compare methods and classes in terms of defectiveness and (ii) of accuracy in defectiveness prediction, (iii) we propose and evaluate a first and simple approach that leverages JIT to increase MDP accuracy and (iv) CDP accuracy.MethodWe analyse accuracy using two types of metrics (threshold-independent and effort-aware). We also use feature selection metrics, nine machine learning defect prediction classifiers, more than 2.000 defects related to 38 releases of nine open source projects from the Apache ecosystem. Our results are based on a ground truth with a total of 285,139 data points and 46 features among commits, methods and classes.ResultsOur results show that leveraging JIT by using a simple median approach increases the accuracy of MDP by an average of 17% AUC and 46% PofB10 while it increases the accuracy of CDP by an average of 31% AUC and 38% PofB20.ConclusionsFrom a practitioner’s perspective, it is better to predict and rank defective methods than defective classes. From a researcher’s perspective, there is a high potential for leveraging statement-defectiveness-prediction (SDP) to aid MDP and CDP.