bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimated glomerular filtration rate is a biomarker of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Qu Yi , Qin Qi-Xiong , Wang Dan-Lei , Li Jiang-Ting , Zhao Jing-Wei , An Ke , Li Jing-Yi , Mao Zhi-Juan , Min Zhe , Xiong Yong-Jie , Xue Zheng 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundsThe relationship between kidney function and cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is poorly understood and underexplored. This study aims to explore whether renal indices can serve as indicators to monitor the cognitive impairment of PD.MethodsA total of 508 PD patients and 168 healthy controls from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) were recruited, and 486 (95.7%) PD patients underwent longitudinal measurements. The renal indicators including serum creatinine (Scr), uric acid (UA), and urea nitrogen, as well as UA/Scr ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), were measured. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between kidney function and cognitive impairment were evaluated using multivariable-adjusted models.ResultseGFR was associated with lower levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ1–42 (p = 0.0156) and α-synuclein (p = 0.0151) and higher serum NfL (p = 0.0215) in PD patients at baseline. Longitudinal results showed that decreased eGFR predicted a higher risk of cognitive impairment (HR = 0.7382, 95% CI = 0.6329–0.8610). Additionally, eGFR decline was significantly associated with higher rates of increase in CSF T-tau (p = 0.0096), P-tau (p = 0.0250), and serum NfL (p = 0.0189), as well as global cognition and various cognitive domains (p &lt; 0.0500). The reduced UA/Scr ratio was also linked to higher NfL levels (p = 0.0282) and greater accumulation of T-tau (p = 0.0282) and P-tau (p = 0.0317). However, no significant associations were found between other renal indices and cognition.ConclusioneGFR is altered in PD subjects with cognitive impairment, and predict larger progression of cognitive decline. It may assist identifying patients with PD at risk of rapid cognitive decline and have the potential to monitoring responses to therapy in future clinical practice.
Identifying reproducible resting state networks and functional connectivity alterations following chronic restraint stress in anaesthetized rats
Authors: Dai Twain , Seewoo Bhedita J. , Hennessy Lauren A. , Bolland Samuel J. , Rosenow Tim , Rodger Jennifer 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundResting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) in rodent models have the potential to bridge invasive experiments and observational human studies, increasing our understanding of functional alterations in the brains of patients with depression. A major limitation in current rodent rs-fMRI studies is that there has been no consensus on healthy baseline resting-state networks (RSNs) that are reproducible in rodents. Therefore, the present study aimed to construct reproducible RSNs in a large dataset of healthy rats and then evaluate functional connectivity changes within and between these RSNs following a chronic restraint stress (CRS) model within the same animals.MethodsA combined MRI dataset of 109 Sprague Dawley rats at baseline and after two weeks of CRS, collected during four separate experiments conducted by our lab in 2019 and 2020, was re-analysed. The mICA and gRAICAR toolbox were first applied to detect optimal and reproducible ICA components and then a hierarchical clustering algorithm (FSLNets) was applied to construct reproducible RSNs. Ridge-regularized partial correlation (FSLNets) was used to evaluate the changes in the direct connection between and within identified networks in the same animals following CRS.ResultsFour large-scale networks in anesthetised rats were identified: the DMN-like, spatial attention-limbic, corpus striatum, and autonomic network, which are homologous across species. CRS decreased the anticorrelation between DMN-like and autonomic network. CRS decreased the correlation between amygdala and a functional complex (nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum) in the right hemisphere within the corpus striatum network. However, a high individual variability in the functional connectivity before and after CRS within RSNs was observed.ConclusionThe functional connectivity changes detected in rodents following CRS differ from reported functional connectivity alterations in patients with depression. A simple interpretation of this difference is that the rodent response to CRS does not reflect the complexity of depression as it is experienced by humans. Nonetheless, the high inter-subject variability of functional connectivity within networks suggests that rats demonstrate different neural phenotypes, like humans. Therefore, future efforts in classifying neural phenotypes in rodents might improve the sensitivity and translational impact of models used to address aetiology and treatment of psychiatric conditions including depression.
Prognostic and recurrent significance of SII in patients with pancreatic head cancer undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Chen Qing , Ren Siqian , Cui Songping , Huang Jincan , Wang Di , Li Binglin , He Qiang , Lang Ren 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundTo investigate the clinical significance of preoperative inflammatory status in patients with pancreatic head carcinoma (PHC), we performed a single-center study to assess it.MethodWe studied a total of 164 patients with PHC undergoing PD surgery (with or without allogeneic venous replacement) from January 2018 to April 2022. Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was the most important peripheral immune index in predicting the prognosis according to XGBoost analysis. The optimal cutoff value of SII for OS was calculated according to Youden index based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the cohort was divided into Low SII group and High SII group. Demographic, clinical data, laboratory data, follow-up data variables were obtained and compared between the two groups. Kaplan-Meier curves, univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were used to determine the association between preoperative inflammation index, nutritional index and TNM staging system with OS and DFS respectively.ResultsThe median follow-up time was 16 months (IQR 23), and 41.4% of recurrences occurred within 1 year. The cutoff value of SII was 563, with a sensitivity of 70.3%, and a specificity of 60.7%. Peripheral immune status was different between the two groups. Patients in High SII group had higher PAR, NLR than those in Low SII group (P &lt;0.01, &lt;0.01, respectively), and lower PNI (P &lt;0.01). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed significantly poorer OS and DFS (P &lt; 0.001, &lt;0.001, respectively) in patients with high SII. By using the multivariable Cox regression model, high SII (HR, 2.056; 95% CI, 1.082–3.905, P=0.028) was significant predictor of OS. Of these 68 high-risk patients who recurrence within one year, patients with widespread metastasis had lower SII and worse prognosis (P &lt;0.01).ConclusionHigh SII was significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with PHC. However, in patients who recurrence within one year, SII was lower in patients at TNM stage III. Thus, care needs to be taken to differentiate those high-risk patients.
Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes among individuals receiving first-line pembrolizumab therapy for recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Black Christopher M. , Hanna Glenn J. , Wang Liya , Ramakrishnan Karthik , Goto Daisuke , Turzhitsky Vladimir , Hair Gleicy M. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPembrolizumab, a PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor, is approved as first-line (1L) treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) as monotherapy or in combination with platinum and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Limited data exist on the use of these regimens in real-world settings.ObjectiveOur primary objectives were to describe baseline characteristics and real-world overall survival (rwOS), time on treatment (rwToT), and time to next treatment (rwTTNT) among individuals with R/M HNSCC receiving approved 1L pembrolizumab therapies. We also aimed to identify baseline factors associated with choice of 1L pembrolizumab therapy and with rwOS.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of adults with R/M HNSCC receiving 1L pembrolizumab monotherapy or pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy. We used Kaplan-Meier analyses to assess real-world outcomes, logistic regression modeling to identify factors associated with choice of 1L pembrolizumab therapy, and Cox proportional hazards models to identify factors associated with rwOS.ResultsThe study population included 431 individuals receiving 1L pembrolizumab monotherapy and 215 receiving 1L pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy. The use of 1L pembrolizumab monotherapy was associated with higher baseline combined positive score for PD-L1 expression, older age, higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), laryngeal tumor site, and human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive tumor status. The pembrolizumab monotherapy group had a median (95% CI) rwOS of 12.1 (9.2–15.1) months, rwToT of 4.2 (3.5–4.6) months, and rwTTNT of 6.5 (5.4–7.4) months. Among this group, HPV-positive tumor status and lower ECOG PS were associated with longer rwOS, and oral cavity tumor site with shorter rwOS. The pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy cohort had a median (95% CI) rwOS of 11.9 (9.0–16.0) months, rwToT of 4.9 (3.8–5.6) months, and rwTTNT of 6.6 (5.8–8.3) months. In this group, HPV-positive tumor status was associated with longer rwOS.ConclusionsThis study adds to clinical trial data by summarizing real-world treatment outcomes with 1L pembrolizumab-containing therapies in a more heterogeneous population. Overall survival outcomes in both treatment groups were similar to those observed in the registration clinical trial. These findings support the use of pembrolizumab as standard of care for R/M HNSCC.
A systematic review and meta-analysis for the association of the insulin-like growth factor1 pathway genetic polymorphisms with colorectal cancer susceptibility
Authors: Cheraghpour Makan , Askari Masomeh , Tierling Sascha , Shojaee Sajad , Sadeghi Amir , Ketabi Moghadam Pardis , Khazdouz Maryam , Asadzadeh Aghdaei Hamid , Piroozkhah Moein , Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad Ehsan , Fatemi Nayeralsadat 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe receptors, ligands, and associated proteins of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family are involved in cancer development. The IGF1 receptor and its accompanying signaling cascade are a crucial growth-regulatory mechanism that plays an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) proliferation and differentiation. IRS1 (Insulin receptor substrate-1), a major substrate for the IGF1R, is involved in cell growth and promotes tumorigenesis. There are shreds of evidence from prior research suggesting that IGF system polymorphisms may influence susceptibility to CRC. However, the findings in this area were contradictory. Accordingly, we carried out a systematic literature search to identify all case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies on the association between various polymorphisms across four IGF1 pathway genes (IGF1, IGF1R, IRS1, and IRS2) and the risk of CRC.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive search strategy in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for articles available until Aug 30, 2022. A total of 26 eligible studies with IGF1/IGF1R, IRS1 and IRS2 polymorphisms; met the inclusion criteria. All case-control studies for IGF1 rs6214C&gt;T, IRS1 rs1801278G&gt;A, and IRS2 rs1805097G&gt;A comprising 22,084 cases and 29,212 controls were included in the current meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate relationships between the polymorphisms and CRC susceptibility. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA software version 14.0.ResultsThe meta-analysis of available data for rs6214C&gt;T, rs1801278G&gt;A, and rs1805097G&gt;A showed a significant association between these polymorphisms and an increased CRC risk in some of the comparisons studied (rs6214C&gt;T, pooled OR for CC = 0.43, 95% CI 0.21- 0.87, P = 0.019; rs1801278G&gt;A, OR for GA = 0.74, 95% CI 0.58-0.94, P = 0.016; rs1805097G&gt;A, OR for GA = 0.83, 95% CI 0.71-0.96, P = 0.013). Nevertheless, the meta-analysis did not include other genetic variations in IGF1, IGF1R, IRS1, and IRS2 due to heterogeneity and limited sample size.ConclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence that genetic variants in IGF1 rs6214C&gt;T, IRS1 rs1801278G&gt;A, and IRS2 rs1805097G&gt;A are associated with an increased risk of CRC. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the complex genetic mechanisms involved in CRC development and could inform future research on prevention and treatment strategies for this disease.
Inpatient prescribing patterns of long-acting injectables and their oral or short-acting injectable equivalent formulations
Authors: Liu Yifei , Patterson Mark E. , Sahil Suman , Stoner Steven C. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics (APs) each have an oral equivalent formulation, while aripiprazole, olanzapine, and ziprasidone each also have a short-acting injectable (SAI) equivalent formulation. Inpatient prescribing patterns of LAIs and their oral/SAI equivalents are less characterized in populations other than Medicaid, Medicare, and Veterans Affairs populations. Mapping out inpatient prescribing patterns remains an important first step to ensure appropriate use of antipsychotics during this critical juncture of patient care prior to discharge. This study determined inpatient prescribing patterns of first- (FGA) and second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) LAIs and their oral/SAI formulations.Methods: This was a large retrospective study using the Cerner Health Facts® database. Hospital admissions due to schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder from 2010 to 2016 were identified. AP utilization was defined as the proportion of inpatient stays during which at least 1 AP was administered to the total number of inpatient visits over the observed period. Descriptive analyses were used to determine prescribing patterns for APs. Chi-square tests were used to determine utilization differences across years.Results: 94,989 encounters were identified. Encounters during which oral/SAI of SGA LAIs were administered were most common (n = 38,621, 41%). Encounters during which FGA LAIs or SGA LAIs were administered were the least common (n = 1,047, 1.1%). Prescribing patterns differed across years (p &lt; 0.05) within the SGA LAI subgroup analysis (N = 6,014). Paliperidone palmitate (63%, N = 3,799) and risperidone (31%, N = 1,859) were the most frequently administered. Paliperidone palmitate utilization increased from 30% to 72% (p &lt; 0.001), while risperidone utilization decreased from 70% to 18% (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: Compared with their oral or SAI formulations, LAIs were underutilized from 2010 to 2016. Among SGA LAIs, the prescribing patterns of paliperidone palmitate and risperidone changed significantly.
Development of a novel copper metabolism-related risk model to predict prognosis and tumor microenvironment of patients with stomach adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sun Dongjie , Zhang Haiying , Zhang Chi 
Published: May 2023

Background: Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is the fourth highest cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Alterations in copper metabolism are closely linked to cancer genesis and progression. We aim to identify the prognostic value of copper metabolism-related genes (CMRGs) in STAD and the characteristic of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of the CMRG risk model.Methods: CMRGs were investigated in the STAD cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, the hub CMRGs were screened out with LASSO Cox regression, followed by the establishment of a risk model and validated by GSE84437 from the Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The hub CMRGs were then utilized to create a nomogram. TMB (tumor mutation burden) and immune cell infiltration were investigated. To validate CMRGs in immunotherapy response prediction, immunophenoscore (IPS) and IMvigor210 cohort were employed. Finally, data from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was utilized to depict the properties of the hub CMRGs.Results: There were 75 differentially expressed CMRGs identified, 6 of which were linked with OS. 5 hub CMRGs were selected by LASSO regression, followed by construction of the CMRG risk model. High-risk patients had a shorter life expectancy than those low-risk. The risk score independently predicted STAD survival through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, with ROC calculation generating the highest results. This risk model was linked to immunocyte infiltration and showed a good prediction performance for STAD patients’ survival. Furthermore, the high-risk group had lower TMB and somatic mutation counters and higher TIDE scores, but the low-risk group had greater IPS-PD-1 and IPS-CTLA4 immunotherapy prediction, indicating a higher immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) response, which was corroborated by the IMvigor210 cohort. Furthermore, those with low and high risk showed differential susceptibility to anticancer drugs. Based on CMRGs, two subclusters were identified. Cluster 2 patients had superior clinical results. Finally, the copper metabolism-related TIME of STAD was concentrated in endothelium, fibroblasts, and macrophages.Conclusion: CMRG is a promising biomarker of prognosis for patients with STAD and can be used as a guide for immunotherapy.
Implementing psychosocial support models in contexts of extreme adversity: lessons from a process evaluation in Colombia
Authors: Harker Roa Arturo , Córdoba Flechas Natalia , Moya Andrés , Pineros-Leano María 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionHigh quality investments during early childhood allow children to achieve their full potential by setting developmental foundations. However, challenges in the scale-up of evidence-based interventions make across-the-board implementation a non-trivial matter. Moreover, extreme contextual conditions -such as community violence, forced displacement, and poverty- impose a double threat. First, by directly affecting early childhood development (ECD), forced displacement and exposure to violence during early childhood, coupled with deficits in nurturing relationships, can trigger toxic stress, affecting children’s mental health and social and emotional learning. Second, contexts of extreme adversity exacerbate common implementation pitfalls in the scale-up of interventions. Recognizing and documenting “what it takes” to successfully implement “what works” can contribute to the expansion and effectiveness of evidence-based programs that promote ECD in these settings. Semillas de Apego (SA, onward), a community-based psychosocial support model for caregivers, materialized as a strategy to promote ECD in communities affected by violence and forced displacement.MethodsThis article presents the results of the process evaluation of SA during the 2018–2019 implementation in Tumaco, a violence ridden municipality in the south-west border of Colombia, South America. In this phase, the program reached 714 families, 82% direct victims of violence and 57% were internally displaced. The process evaluation combined qualitative and quantitative methodological approaches to produce evidence of factors that promoted implementation quality.ResultsFindings identified salient components of the program that promoted the program’s acceptability, adoption, appropriateness, fidelity and sustainability: a rigorous cultural adaptation; well-structured team selection and training methodologies; and a team support and supervision protocol to provide continuous capacity building and prevent burn-out and other occupational hazards common among professionals in mental health and psychosocial support interventions. The statistical analysis using monitoring data identified key predictors of the dosage delivered (a measure of fidelity). Evidence suggests that initial attendance to the program and observable characteristics -such as educational attainment, violence victimization and employment status-predict a successful compliance (in terms of dosage to benefit from the program).DiscussionThis study provides evidence for the development of structural, organizational, and procedural processes for the adoption, appropriate adaptation, and high-fidelity delivery of psychosocial support models delivered in territories affected by extreme adversity.
Determinants of intimate partner controlling behavior targeting women in Türkiye
Authors: Başkan Burak , Alkan Ömer 
Published: May 2023

Background/aimIntimate partner controlling behavior toward women is an important form of intimate partner violence (IPV), both in terms of limiting women’s daily lives and in terms of reproducing patriarchal culture and male dominance in societies at the micro level. A limited number of studies in the literature have identified the male intimate partner’s controlling behavior as a dependent variable, which is important for understanding the determinants of this type of IPV. There is also a significant gap in the literature in terms of studies focusing on the case of Türkiye. Thus, the main aim of this study was to determine the socio-demographic, economic and violence-related factors that have an effect on women’s status in terms of exposure to control behavior in Türkiye.MethodsThese factors were examined by using binary logistic regression analysis, based on the micro data set collected by the Hacettepe University’s Institute of Population Studies in the 2014-dated National Research on Domestic Violence against Women in Türkiye. A total of 7,462 women between the ages of 15 and 59 were interviewed face-to-face.ResultsThe findings of the study revealed that women are more likely to be exposed to controlling behavior if they live in rural areas, are unmarried, speak Turkish as their mother tongue, have bad or very bad health conditions, justify men’s violence and are afraid of their intimate partners. As women’s age, level of education and income contribution increase, their likelihood of exposure to controlling behavior decreases. However, women’s exposure to economic, physical and emotional violence also increases their likelihood of exposure to controlling behavior.ConclusionThe findings highlighted the importance of creating public policies that make women less vulnerable to men’s controlling behavior, providing women with methods and mechanisms of resistance and raising public awareness of the exacerbating effects of controlling behavior on social inequalities.