bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting H i Galaxies with Deep Neural Networks in the Presence of Radio Frequency Interference
Authors: Liang Ruxi , Deng Furen , Yang Zepei , Li Chunming , Zhao Feiyu , Yang Botao , Shu Shuanghao , Yang Wenxiu , Zuo Shifan , Li Yichao , Wang Yougang , Chen Xuelei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the neutral hydrogen (H i) galaxy survey, a significant challenge is to identify and extract the H i galaxy signal from the observational data contaminated by radio frequency interference (RFI). For a drift-scan survey, or more generally a survey of a spatially continuous region, in the time-ordered spectral data, the H i galaxies and RFI all appear as regions that extend an area in the time-frequency waterfall plot, so the extraction of the H i galaxies and RFI from such data can be regarded as an image segmentation problem, and machine-learning methods can be applied to solve such problems. In this study, we develop a method to effectively detect and extract signals of H i galaxies based on a Mask R-CNN network combined with the PointRend method. By simulating FAST-observed galaxy signals and potential RFI impact, we created a realistic data set for the training and testing of our neural network. We compared five different architectures and selected the best-performing one. This architecture successfully performs instance segmentation of H i galaxy signals in the RFI-contaminated time-ordered data, achieving a precision of 98.64% and a recall of 93.59%.
Perturbative field-theoretical analysis of three-species cyclic predator-prey models
Authors: Yao Louie Hong , Swailem Mohamed , Dobramysl Ulrich , Täuber Uwe C 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We apply a perturbative Doi–Peliti field-theoretical analysis to the stochastic spatially extended symmetric Rock-paper-Scissors (RPS) and May–Leonard (ML) models, in which three species compete cyclically. Compared to the two-species Lotka–Volterra predator-prey (LV) model, according to numerical simulations, these cyclical models appear to be less affected by intrinsic stochastic fluctuations. Indeed, we demonstrate that the qualitative features of the ML model are insensitive to intrinsic reaction noise. In contrast, and although not yet observed in numerical simulations, we find that the RPS model acquires significant fluctuation-induced renormalizations in the perturbative regime, similar to the LV model. We also study the formation of spatio-temporal structures in the framework of stability analysis and provide a clearcut explanation for the absence of spatial patterns in the RPS system, whereas the spontaneous emergence of spatio-temporal structures features prominently in the LV and the ML models.
Correspondence between theory and methodology: a case study of accounting for the environment in organisational research
Authors: Abeysekera Indra 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The two most widely investigated environmental domains concerning firms are environmental disclosure and environmental performance. This study examines how well operational variables inform constructs in these two domains. The empirical research process has two aspects: truth making and truth building. Truth making using operational variables must align with truth building with respect to constructs. Towards this aim, this article explores two research questions. First, are disclosure and performance operationally and conceptually different? Second, do the operationalised and conceptualised variables have a strong association in each domain—disclosure and performance? This study uses research data matrices available from a published journal article as an example to demonstrate analytical details. It uses the canonical correlation analysis research method for analysing matrix data to answer the research questions. The findings show that disclosure and performance are conceptually different domains. However, results show that operational variables associate differently with the construct. The findings show that selecting variables in empirical settings that reflect constructs can correspond with theoretical advancements.
Engaging with an Imperfect Past: Simultaneity and the Many Stories within Director Rashid Johnson’s Native Son
Authors: McClain Kathryn J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Adaptations of classic literature are often maligned in conversations of supposed quality, and Richard Wright’s Native Son stands out as an exceptional example within such critical discourse. Like all adaptations, rewritings of Wright’s novel extend in conversations centred on simultaneity—the notion that a work can recognize multiple influences at once—over singular fidelity. Even more vitally, Rashid Johnson’s 2019 film Native Son is a conscious adaptation within this vein, and it therefore showcases how classic American literature can be recontextualized for the 21st century. Considered influences include Wright’s novel, previous Native Son adaptations, social and political structures, and debates on Bigger Thomas’ characterization by the likes of James Baldwin and Ralph Ellison.
Exposure to soluble platinum salts in precious metal refinery workers over a 17-year period
Authors: Smit Lidwien A M , Jacobs José , da Silva Juliete , Heederik Dick , van Rooy Frits , Portengen Lützen , Houba Remko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundOccupational exposure to soluble chlorinated platinum (Pt) salts, commonly called chloroplatinates, is a known cause of Pt salt sensitisation (PSS) and occupational asthma. We aimed to model inhalable soluble Pt salts exposure levels based on measurements in precious metal refineries for use in a retrospective cohort study on PSS.MethodsFive platinum refineries located in the United Kingdom (3 sites), United States, and South Africa provided time weighted average inhalable soluble Pt salts exposure data, measured in 2,982 personal air samples over a 17-year period (2000-2016). We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate geometric mean (GM) exposure levels for each refinery and job title over time.ResultsThe GM of measured exposure levels over all facilities was 92 ng/m3 with a geometric standard deviation (GSD) of 9.07. Facility-specific GMs ranged from 48 ng/m3 (GSD 15.3) to 242 ng/m3 (GSD 5.99). Exposure modelling showed that soluble Pt salts exposure levels declined approximately 10% per year in two of the five facilities, but there were no clear time trends in the other facilities. A priori specified exposure groups captured most of the between-jobs differences, which helps to accurately predict exposures for jobs with no measurement data available.ConclusionsWe applied exposure modelling to estimate time, refinery, and job-specific soluble Pt salts exposures. A significant annual decline in exposure levels was observed in two of the five participating facilities. Modelled exposure levels can be linked to individual workers’ job history for exposure–response analysis of PSS in an epidemiological study.
Effects of chronic dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene exposure on testosterone secretion and steroidogenic pathway in the male gonad
Authors: Molina Erica M , Kavazis Andreas N , Mendonça Mary T , Akingbemi Benson T 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals are present in the environment and/or in consumer products. These agents have the capacity to mimic and/or antagonize endogenous hormones and thus perturb the endocrine axis. The male reproductive tract expresses steroid hormone (androgen and estrogen) receptors at high levels and is a major target for endocrine disrupting chemicals. In this study, Long–Evans male rats were exposed to dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, a metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and a chemical present in the environment, in drinking water at 0.1 and 10 μg/L for 4 weeks. At the end of exposure, we measured steroid hormone secretion and analyzed steroidogenic proteins, including 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, aromatase, and the LH receptor. We also analyzed Leydig cell apoptosis (poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase) and caspase-3 in the testes. Testicular testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E2) were both affected by exposure to dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene by displaying altered steroidogenic enzyme expression. Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene exposure also increased the expression of enzymes mediating the pathway for programmed cell death, including caspase 3, pro-caspase 3, PARP, and cleaved PARP. Altogether, the present results demonstrate that dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene directly and/or indirectly can target specific proteins involved in steroid hormone production in the male gonad and suggest that exposure to environmentally relevant dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene levels has implications for male reproductive development and function.
How Infectious Disease Experts Impacted the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Response: Lessons From the Front Lines
Authors: Adalja Amesh , McQuillen Daniel P , Meyer Diane 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this article, we summarize findings from research conducted by the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security and the Infectious Diseases Society of America to understand infectious disease (ID) workforce contributions to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) response and their impacts. ID experts were found to have made diverse and unique contributions that went well beyond their usual responsibilities, with many spending several hours a week on these activities without additional compensation. These efforts were thought to not only build community resilience but also augment the ongoing public health response. Respondents also reported several hospital and clinical leadership roles taken on during the pandemic, such as developing protocols and leading clinical trials. We also make several policy recommendations, such as medical student debt relief and improved compensation, that will be needed to help fortify the ID workforce for future pandemics.
Longitudinal Dietary Trajectories With Cognitive and Psychosocial Well-Being in Chinese Adults Aged 85 Years and Older in Singapore
Authors: Lai Jun S , Cheng Grand H.-L , Chong Yap-Seng , Chong Mary F.-F , Koh Woon-Puay 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Studies on longitudinal trajectories of diet and the influence on aging in older adults are limited. We characterized diet quality trajectories over the past 2 decades among adults aged ≥85 years and examined their associations with cognitive and psychosocial outcomes.

Research Design and Methods
We used data from 861 participants in the population-based Singapore Chinese Health Study. Dietary intakes were assessed at baseline (mean age [range]: 65 [60–74] years) and at follow-ups 3 (85 [81–95]) and 4 (88 [85–97]) years. Diet quality was measured by adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension pattern, and group-based trajectory modeling was used to derive diet quality trajectories. At Follow-up 4, we assessed cognition using the Singapore-modified Mini-Mental State Examination, depressive symptoms using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale, social engagement, and self-rated health. Multivariable logistic regression models examined associations of diet quality trajectories with these outcomes.

Results
About 49.7% had a trajectory with consistently low diet quality scores, whereas 50.3% had a trajectory with consistently high diet quality scores. Compared to the “consistently low” trajectory, the “consistently high” trajectory had 29% and 26% lower likelihoods of cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms, respectively (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 0.71 [0.51, 0.99] and 0.74 [0.55, 0.99], respectively); as well as 47% higher likelihood of social engagement (1.47 [1.09, 1.98]). No statistically significant association was observed between the trajectories and self-rated health.

Discussion and Implications
Maintaining high diet quality throughout the older adult life course was associated with better cognitive and psychosocial well-being in adults aged ≥85 years.
Everyday Experiences of Physical Function and Awareness of Fall Risk in Older Adulthood
Authors: Mejía Shannon T , Su Tai-Te , Washington Faith C , Golinski Sean , Sosnoff Jacob J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Falls, the leading cause of death and disability among older adults, occur in daily life when the demands of daily activities surpass the ability to maintain balance. An estimated 30% of older adults misestimate their physical function, placing them at greater risk of falling. This study examined how experiences of physical function are linked to awareness of fall risk in daily life.

Research Design and Methods
For 30 consecutive days following a fall-risk assessment, 41 older adults (observations = 1,135; 56% women; age: 65–91) self-assessed objective and subjective fall risk using a custom smartphone application. Alignment of objective and subjective fall risk was indexed as awareness of fall risk. Postural sway was measured by the application. Physical and mobility symptoms and fear of falling were reported daily.

Results
At baseline, 49% of participants misestimated their fall risk. Awareness of fall risk varied from day to day and fall risk was misestimated on 40% of days. Multilevel multinomial models showed individual differences in the level of daily symptoms to increase the tendency to misestimate fall risk. Daily symptoms and fear of falling increased awareness of high fall risk, but daily symptoms threatened awareness of low fall risk.

Discussion and Implications
Findings suggest that misestimation of fall risk is common in older adulthood and informed by appraisals of physical function. Fall prevention strategies could support older adults in understanding their everyday physical function and provide tools to adjust the demands of activities in daily life.
Fluid-driven seismic swarms in the Gripp valley (Haute-Pyrénées, France)
Authors: Derode Benoit , Gounon Alisson , Letort Jean , Sylvander Matthieu , Rigo Alexis , Benahmed Sébastien , Grimaud Frank , Latour Soumaya , Pauchet Hélène , Santamaria Alvaro 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYAn unusual seismic activity has recently occurred in the Gripp valley, located in the central part of the French Pyrenees. Since spring 2020, two new swarms appeared, clearly outside the usual location of the seismicity in this area. On 20 September 2020, almost concomitantly with the activation of the second seismic swarm, a hole suddenly opened in the bed of a local river, the Adour de Payolle. This hole drained the water from the river, which dried up over 500 m. We follow and study the spatial and temporal evolution of these clusters, using four temporary stations deployed a few days or months after the beginning of the crisis to complete the regional network. These additional data lead to the construction of a comprehensive catalogue of more than 4900 earthquakes, using both a template matching approach and a deep-learning based phase picking method to complete and improve the initial catalogue available from the French seismological agency. This allows highlighting a slow and clear migration of the seismicity during 1 yr. Precise absolute and relative event locations reveal a dipping faulting structure, confirmed by the focal mechanism estimated for the highest magnitude event of the sequence (ML 3). We propose to explain the observed migration of the seismicity by deep fluids going up through a newly discovered faulting structure.
Long-term ambient seismic interferometry for constraining seasonal subsurface velocity variations in urban settings: a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) case study
Authors: Yang Jihyun , Shragge Jeffrey 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARY
Ambient seismic interferometry of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) data acquired on optical fibre arrays is an increasingly common approach for subsurface investigation. The fixed infrastructure and low maintenance costs of commodity telecommunications fibre also supports cost-effective DAS-based seismic monitoring solutions over extended periods of time—especially when using repurposed telecommunication fibre infrastructure in urban settings. To investigate whether ambient waveform data acquired on such an urban DAS array are sensitive to seasonal subsurface variations, we present a case study using ‘semi-continuous’ DAS time-series data with hourly 150 s sampling windows that were acquired over a 10-month interval in the central business district of Perth, Australia. We apply a cross-coherence analysis to transform pre-processed ambient waveform data into sliding-window weekly interferometric virtual shot gathers (VSGs). We then use these data volumes to compute time-lapse velocity–dispersion panels, which we input to a multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASWs) to generate depth-averaged S-wave velocity estimates of the top 30 m ($V_{S_{30}}$ ). Our time-lapse analyses show that weekly stacked interferometric VSGs exhibit up to 5.8 per cent variations in observed surface wave traveltimes whereas the MASW inversion results capture up to 9.4 per cent variations in $V_{S_{30}}$ estimates between the winter and spring months. We note that these observations are inversely correlated with time-averaged rainfall patterns in the Perth Metro region and are likely attributable to the associated seasonal variations in near-surface groundwater content. Overall, our analysis suggests that semi-continuous ambient seismic monitoring on urban DAS fibre arrays is a computational tractable acquisition strategy that records data volumes useful for monitoring the seasonal variability of groundwater resources beneath urban centres as well as potentially other time-lapse subsurface behaviour occurring over calendar time.
Effect of Ethanol Vapor Inhalation Treatment on Lethal Respiratory Viral Infection With Influenza A
Authors: Tamai Miho , Taba Seita , Mise Takeshi , Yamashita Masao , Ishikawa Hiroki , Shintake Tsumoru 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ethanol (EtOH) effectively inactivates enveloped viruses in vitro, including influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Inhaled EtOH vapor may inhibit viral infection in mammalian respiratory tracts, but this has not yet been demonstrated. Here we report that unexpectedly low EtOH concentrations in solution, approximately 20% (vol/vol), rapidly inactivate influenza A virus (IAV) at mammalian body temperature and are not toxic to lung epithelial cells on apical exposure. Furthermore, brief exposure to 20% (vol/vol) EtOH decreases progeny virus production in IAV-infected cells. Using an EtOH vapor exposure system that is expected to expose murine respiratory tracts to 20% (vol/vol) EtOH solution by gas-liquid equilibrium, we demonstrate that brief EtOH vapor inhalation twice a day protects mice from lethal IAV respiratory infection by reducing viruses in the lungs without harmful side effects. Our data suggest that EtOH vapor inhalation may provide a versatile therapy against various respiratory viral infectious diseases.
Establishing a Mouse Model for Sexual Transmission and Male Reproductive Tract Persistence of Ebola Virus
Authors: Clancy Chad S , Smart Gabrielle , Rhoderick J Fred , O’Donnell Kyle L , Rosenke Rebecca , Schäfer Alexandra , Marzi Andrea 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ebola virus disease (EVD) has resulted in the death of over 15 000 people since its discovery in 1976. At least 1 incident of re-emergence of EVD has been associated with persistent male reproductive tract infection in a patient surviving EVD greater than 500 days prior. To date, animal models of Ebola virus (EBOV) infection have failed to fully characterize the pathogenesis of reproductive tract infection. Furthermore, no animal model of sexual transmission of EBOV exists. In this study, we describe a roadmap to modeling sexual transmission of EBOV using a mouse-adapted EBOV isolate in immunocompetent male mice and female Ifnar−/− mice.
Single-Dose Treatment With Vesicular Stomatitis Virus–Based Ebola Virus Vaccine Expressing Ebola Virus–Specific Artificial Micro-RNA Does Not Protect Mice From Lethal Disease
Authors: O’Donnell Kyle L , Callison Julie , Feldmann Heinz , Hoenen Thomas , Marzi Andrea 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Although significant progress has been made in the development of therapeutics against Ebola virus (EBOV), we sought to expand upon existing strategies and combine an RNA interference–based intervention with the approved vesicular stomatitis virus–based Ebola virus (VSV-EBOV) vaccine to conjointly treat and vaccinate patients during an outbreak. We constructed VSV-EBOV vectors expressing artificial micro-RNAs (amiRNAs) targeting sequences of EBOV proteins. In vitro experiments demonstrated a robust decrease in EBOV replication using a minigenome system and infectious virus. For in vivo evaluation, mouse-adapted EBOV–infected CD-1 mice were treated 24 hours after infection with a single dose of the VSV-EBOV amiRNA constructs. We observed no difference in disease progression or survival compared to the control-treated mice. In summary, while amiRNAs decrease viral replication in vitro, the effect is not sufficient to protect mice from lethal disease, and this therapeutic approach requires further optimization.
The One-Away Effect: The Pursuit of Mere Completion
Authors: Ruan Bowen , Polman Evan , Tanner Robin J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A series of controlled studies found that consumers counter-normatively prefer something nearly complete over something complete. We call this phenomenon the “one-away effect” because we find that when consumers are, for example, one stamp away from completing a punch card loyalty program, they value the card more than a completed card. This is because their valuation of the one-away card is influenced by their anticipation of merely completing the card, which generates its own utility, apart from the card’s end-reward (a free coffee). To wit, the prospective utility of performing the final action that fulfills completion increases consumers’ valuation of the one-away card. Our findings suggest that consumers are motivated to complete goals, tasks, and sets not only to obtain their end-rewards, but also because merely completing things is intrinsically motivating and can be a goal in and of itself. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the one-away effect, as well as the general notion of mere completion.
Family portraits from the lost Gaddi gallery
Authors: Floriani Mariaelena 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article presents ‘prolegomena’ to a deeper study of picture collecting and portraiture in Florence through the lens of Niccolò Gaddi’s commissions between 1560 and 1591. Originating in the lost gallery in Casa dell’Orto, fifteen portraits are isolated here, for the first time, as having formed the nucleus of the collection that belonged to Niccolò. Partly comprising hitherto unpublished paintings, they allow for an analysis of provenances and the subjects’ dynastic history that sheds light on the commissions of Niccolò and his family members. This represents a first step in the reconstruction of one of the most important private collections in Florence associated with the court of Francesco I and Ferdinando I de’ Medici. Moreover, the micro-case of Gaddi’s ‘quadreria familiare’ may lead to a better understanding of portrait painting in the circle of the ‘Pittori dello Studiolo’, greatly beloved by this ‘gentilhuomo privato con ambizioni da qualsivoglia principe’.