bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro and in vivo effect of novel GA‐CSNPs loaded col‐fibrin nanocomposite scaffold on diabetic wound healing
Authors: Kaparekar Pallavi Shyam , Anandasadagopan Suresh Kumar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA non‐healing wound is a common problem associated with diabetes mellitus. Chronic inflammation, challenging re‐epithelization, unusual growth factors, and impaired angiogenesis are the multifactorial events that contribute to impaired wounds. Hence, in the present work, an innovative GA‐CSNPs nanocomposite scaffold has been fabricated by integrating Gallic acid (GA) loaded chitosan nanoparticles (GA‐CSNPs) into a genipin crosslinked collagen‐fibrin (Col‐fibrin) scaffold as wound dressing material. The in vitro RT‐PCR study carried out using NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblast cells showed that treatment with GA‐CSNPs nanocomposite scaffold aids in an upsurge in the expression of Col‐I, III, and VEGF, which further supports the synthesis of extracellular matrix, increases neovascularization and development of the established vascular system. In vivo wound contraction study results revealed that diabetic wounds treated with GA‐CSNPs nanocomposite scaffold show a faster rate of wound closure (p < .001), histopathology results showed accelerated fibroblast cell migration, reduction of the inflammatory cells, enhanced collagen along with hexosamine synthesis. In addition, immunohistochemistry results showed increased vascularization, a significant decrease in macrophage recruitment, and reduced expression of MMP‐9 compared to the Col‐fibrin scaffold and Control groups. Overall data suggest that the fabricated GA‐CSNPs nanocomposite porous 3‐D scaffold can be a hopeful therapeutic choice for diabetic wound management.
Reduction of New Heterotopic Ossification (HO) in the Open‐Label, Phase 3 MOVE Trial of Palovarotene for Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP)
Authors: Pignolo Robert J. , Hsiao Edward C. , Al Mukaddam Mona , Baujat Geneviève , Berglund Staffan K. , Brown Matthew A. , Cheung Angela M. , De Cunto Carmen , Delai Patricia , Haga Nobuhiko , Kannu Peter , Keen Richard , Le Quan Sang Kim‐Hanh , Mancilla Edna E. , Marino Rose , Strahs Andrew , Kaplan Frederick S. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTFibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an ultra‐rare, severely disabling genetic disorder of progressive heterotopic ossification (HO). The single‐arm, open‐label, phase 3 MOVE trial (NCT03312634) assessed efficacy and safety of palovarotene, a selective retinoic acid receptor gamma agonist, in patients with FOP. Findings were compared with FOP natural history study (NHS; NCT02322255) participants untreated beyond standard of care. Patients aged ≥4 years received palovarotene once daily (chronic: 5 mg; flare‐up: 20 mg for 4 weeks, then 10 mg for ≥8 weeks; weight‐adjusted if skeletally immature). The primary endpoint was annualized change in new HO volume versus NHS participants (by low‐dose whole‐body computed tomography [WBCT]), analyzed using a Bayesian compound Poisson model (BcPM) with square‐root transformation. Twelve‐month interim analyses met futility criteria; dosing was paused. An independent Data Monitoring Committee recommended trial continuation. Post hoc 18‐month interim analyses utilized BcPM with square‐root transformation and HO data collapsed to equalize MOVE and NHS visit schedules, BcPM without transformation, and weighted linear mixed‐effects (wLME) models, alongside prespecified analysis. Safety was assessed throughout. Eighteen‐month interim analyses included 97 MOVE and 101 NHS individuals with post‐baseline WBCT. BcPM analyses without transformation showed 99.4% probability of any reduction in new HO with palovarotene versus NHS participants (with transformation: 65.4%). Mean annualized new HO volume was 60% lower in MOVE versus the NHS. wLME results were similar (54% reduction fitted; nominal p = 0.039). All palovarotene‐treated patients reported ≥1 adverse event (AE); 97.0% reported ≥1 retinoid‐associated AE; 29.3% reported ≥1 serious AE, including premature physeal closure (PPC)/epiphyseal disorder in 21/57 (36.8%) patients aged <14 years. Post hoc computational analyses using WBCT showed decreased vertebral bone mineral density, content, and strength, and increased vertebral fracture risk in palovarotene‐treated patients. Thus, post hoc analyses showed evidence for efficacy of palovarotene in reducing new HO in FOP, but high risk of PPC in skeletally immature patients. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Micromorphological studies of the leaf and stem of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze with reference to their taxonomic significance
Authors: Das Priyanka , Chettri Vivek , Ghosh Sandipan , Ghosh Chandra 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe micro‐morphological examinations of the leaf lamina, petiole and stem for Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (Theaceae) was carried out using a variety of microscopic techniques widely implemented in the area of medicine. The objective of this study was the micromorphological characterization of stem, petiole, lamina, stomata, leaf trichomes and other internal characters. The anatomical studies included the cross section of stem and leaf of Camellia sinensis thereby exhibiting a typical pattern of arrangement of tissues similar to woody plants. Some idioblastic sclereids like astrosclereids, osteosclereids were found in the medullary parenchyma of tea stem and leaf. Large numbers of sclereids were found mainly in the parenchymatous tissue of leaf petiole. Other micro‐morphological features like trichomes, stomata, and different tissue layer were also recorded. The leaf trichomes were unicellular, long and densely present in the lower surface of immature leaf but a decrease in amount of trichomes was seen in the mature leaf making it a prime taxonomic feature of the tea leaf. The microscopic morphological analysis of the stem, petiole, lamina, stomata, leaf trichomes of Camellia sinensis can be used for its identification. In addition, these techniques can be further implemented for the taxonomic characterization thereby establishing a genetic relationship and solving taxonomic disputes in the field of plant systematics.
Multishot Diffusion‐Weighted MRI of the Breasts in the Supine vs. Prone Position
Authors: Moran Catherine J. , Middione Matthew J. , Mazzoli Valentina , McKay‐Nault Jessica A. , Guidon Arnaud , Waheed Uzma , Rosen Eric L. , Poplack Steven P. , Rosenberg Jarrett , Ennis Daniel B. , Hargreaves Brian A. , Daniel Bruce L. 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundDiffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) may allow for breast cancer screening MRI without a contrast injection. Multishot methods improve prone DWI of the breasts but face different challenges in the supine position.PurposeTo establish a multishot DWI (msDWI) protocol for supine breast MRI and to evaluate the performance of supine vs. prone msDWI.Study TypeProspective.PopulationProtocol optimization: 10 healthy women (ages 22–56), supine vs. prone: 24 healthy women (ages 22–62) and five women (ages 29–61) with breast tumors.Field Strength/Sequence3‐T, protocol optimization msDWI: free‐breathing (FB) 2‐shots, FB 4‐shots, respiratory‐triggered (RT) 2‐shots, RT 4‐shots, supine vs. prone: RT 4‐shot msDWI, T2‐weighted fast‐spin echo.AssessmentProtocol optimization and supine vs. prone: three observers performed an image quality assessment of sharpness, aliasing, distortion (vs. T2), perceived SNR, and overall image quality (scale of 1–5). Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) in fibroglandular tissue (FGT) and breast tumors were measured.Statistical TestsEffect of study variables on dichotomized ratings (4/5 vs. 1/2/3) and FGT ADCs were assessed with mixed‐effects logistic regression. Interobserver agreement utilized Gwet's agreement coefficient (AC). Lesion ADCs were assessed by Bland–Altman analysis and concordance correlation (ρc). P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsProtocol optimization: 4‐shots significantly improved sharpness and distortion; RT significantly improved sharpness, aliasing, perceived SNR, and overall image quality. FGT ADCs were not significantly different between shots (P = 0.812), FB vs. RT (P = 0.591), or side (P = 0.574). Supine vs. prone: supine images were rated significantly higher for sharpness, aliasing, and overall image quality. FGT ADCs were significantly higher supine; lesion ADCs were highly correlated (ρc = 0.92).Data ConclusionBased on image quality, supine msDWI outperformed prone msDWI. Lesion ADCs were highly correlated between the two positions, while FGT ADCs were higher in the supine position.Evidence Level2.Technical EfficacyStage 1.
Ultrasound‐Based Grading System for Radiation‐Induced Acute Breast Toxicity
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhou Boran , Yang Xiaofeng , Tridandapani Srini , Lin Jolinta , Torres Mylin A. , Liu Tian 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesTo introduce an ultrasound‐based scoring system for radiation‐induced breast toxicity and test its reliability.MethodsBreast ultrasound (BUS) was performed on 32 patients receiving breast radiotherapy (RT) to assess the radiation‐induced acute toxicity. For each patient, both the untreated and irradiated breasts were scanned at five locations: 12:00, 3:00, 6:00, 9:00, and tumor bed to evaluate for heterogenous responses to radiation within the entire breast. In total, 314 images were analyzed. Based on ultrasound findings such as skin thickening, dermis boundary irregularity, and subcutaneous edema, a 4‐level, Likert‐like grading scheme is proposed: none (G0), mild (G1), moderate (G2), and severe (G3) toxicity. Two ultrasound experts graded the severity of breast toxicity independently and reported the inter‐ and intra‐observer reliability of the grading system. Imaging findings were compared with standard clinical toxicity assessments using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE).ResultsThe inter‐observer Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.83–0.90,P < .001). For intra‐observer repeatability, the PCC of the repeated scores was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78–0.87,P < .001). Imaging findings were compared with standard clinical toxicity assessments using CTCAE scales. The PCC between BUS scores and CTCAE results was 0.62 (95% CI: 0.35–0.80,P < .001). Among all locations, 6:00 and tumor bed showed significantly greater toxicity compared with 12:00 (P = .04).ConclusionsBUS can investigate the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue changes after RT. This BUS‐based grading system can complement subjective clinical assessments of radiation‐induced breast toxicity with cutaneous and subcutaneous sonographic information.
Does Ultrasound Guidance Provide Pain Relief During Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Insertion? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Baradwan Saeed , Alshahrani Majed Saeed , Alnoury Albaraa , Khadawardi Khalid , Khan Mahmoud Anis , Abdelkader Rehab Abdelkhalek Ahmed , Saleh Ola I. , Galal Heba Mohammed , Mohamed Suzan Mohamed Abdelkareem , Abdelhakim Ahmed Mohamed , Elgedawy Asmaa M. , Elbahie Amira M. , Gaber Mostafa A. , Magdy Amr Ahmed , Shaheen Kareem 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate ultrasound guidance effect in pain relief during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion.MethodsFour different databases were searched from inception till June 2022. We selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared transabdominal ultrasound guidance versus traditional non‐guided IUD insertion among women undergoing IUD placement for contraception. We used Revman software during performing our meta‐analysis. Our primary outcome was the pain score during IUD insertion as evaluated by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Our secondary outcomes were the procedure insertion time, satisfaction, and incidences of complications and misplaced IUDs.ResultsSeven RCTs were retrieved with a total number of 1267 patients. There was a significant reduction in the VAS pain score during IUD insertion among the ultrasound‐guided group (MD = −1.91, 95% CI [−3.08, −0.73], P = .001). The procedure insertion time was significantly shorter within the ultrasound guidance group compared with the control group (MD = −1.35, 95% CI [−1.81, −0.88], P < .001). Moreover, more women were significantly satisfied with the procedure among the ultrasound‐guided group (P < .001). In addition, ultrasound‐guided IUD insertion was linked to significant decline in incidences of complications and misplaced IUDs.ConclusionUltrasound guidance can be used as a modified technique during IUD insertion as it decreases pain, procedure time, and rates of complications and misplaced IUDs with better patient satisfaction.
Endonasal skull base repair with a vascularised pedicled temporo‐parietal myo‐fascial flap
Authors: Land Thomas , Silva Dulanka , Paluzzi Alessandro , Tsermoulas Georgios , Ahmed Shahzada 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveExpanded endonasal approaches (EEAs) to the skull base have increased the scope and extent of pathologies that can be treated endoscopically. The trade‐off is creation of large skull base bone defects requiring reconstruction to re‐establish barriers between the sino‐nasal mucosa and subarachnoid space to prevent CSF leak and infection. A popular reconstructive technique is the local vascularized pedicled naso‐septal flap, an option that may not always be possible when there is disruption of the vascular pedicle from multiple previous surgeries, adjuvant radiotherapy or extensive tumor infiltration. An alternative is the regional temporo‐parietal fascial flap (TPFF) transposed via the trans‐pterygoid route. We implemented a modification of this technique incorporating contralateral temporalis muscle at the tip of this flap and deeper vascularised pericranial layers within the pedicle to provide a more robust flap in selected cases.Study design/methodsA retrospective review of two cases is presented with both patients having undergone multiple EEAs to resect skull base tumors with adjuvant radiotherapy, their postoperative courses complicated by recalcitrant CSF leaks resistant to multiple surgeries.ResultsOur patients had their persistent CSF fistulae repaired using infra‐temporal transposition of the TPFF modified to include some of the contralateral temporalis muscle with optimisation of a vascular pedicle: a temporo‐parietal temporalis myo‐fascial flap (TPTMFF). Both CSF leaks resolved without further complication.ConclusionIn situations where local flap repair to reconstruct skull‐base defects following EEA may not be viable or has failed, a modified regional flap incorporating temporo‐parietal fascia with a preserved vascular pedicle along with attached temporalis muscle plug may provide a robust alternative option.
Fast Response and Visual Transparency Switching Hydrochromic Film Based on the Rational Structure of Cellulose/Poloxamer Copolymers Design for Smart Window
Authors: Guo Yuqian , An Xianhui , Qian Xueren 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe authors are motivated to develop a series of hydrochromic copolymers with fast response, reversibility, repeatability, and visual transparency transition. The hydrochromic block copolymers are based on the rational ratio of hydrophilic segments of poloxamer block and hydrophobic segments of ethyl cellulose according to the preparation method of polyurethane. By tuning the ratio of hydrophilic segments or adding hygroscopic salts, the hydrochromic polymer is endowed with the ability to visualize the transparency in response to the relative humidity. Especially, the response time of the polymer is extremely shortened, up to 1 s for the optimized sample. Within the moisture stimulation, the hygroscopic swelling increases the film thickness, leading to a reversible transparency switching from a highly transparent state (82%) to an opaque white state (20.5%).
Triangular Heteroporous Covalent Organic Framework via a K‐Shaped “Two‐in‐One” Monomer: Targeted Synthesis and Selective Removal of Organic Pollutants
Authors: Zhang Jingwen , Yan Xiaoli , Chen Pei , Chen Dan , Yang Zongfan , Wang Jianhui , Chen Long 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted increasing research interest due to their intriguing topological structures and fascinating properties. Diverse COFs with different shapes and sizes are developed by the design of appropriate building blocks. However, the heteroporous COFs to date are still in their infancy due to the relatively limited configuration of precursors. Herein, it is ingeniously designed and synthesized a new K‐shaped “two‐in‐one” building unit (3',6'‐bis(4‐(5,5‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dixoan‐2‐yl)phenyl)‐[1,1':2',1"‐terphenyl]‐4,4"‐diamine, BPTD), thus realizing the construction of triangular dual microporous COF (BPTD‐COF) via self‐polycondensation of the K‐shaped monomer. The super micropore (0.76 nm) of BPTD‐COF endows the higher density of amine activity sites, while the other aperture size (1.35 nm) meets the need for accommodating cationic dyes (rhodamine B, methylene blue), thus BPTD‐COF displays a distinctive selective adsorption for cationic dyes with good reusability.
Miniaturized tri‐wideband antenna loaded with metamaterial meander lines
Authors: Ghasri Hooshmand , Nourinia Javad , Ghobadi Changiz , Naderali Rahim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHere presents a new miniaturized tri‐wideband antenna loaded with metamaterial meander lines. The antenna consists of a rectangular radiation patch loaded with two compact metamaterial components. The three frequency bands are the results of resonances of a rectangular patch at 5.5 GHz, interdigital meander slit at 3.6 GHz, and virtual grounded thin meander stub at 7.5 GHz. More size miniaturization is accomplished by a compact virtual ground structure and cutting the upper and left edges of the substrate. Furthermore, matching at all bands is improved by taking advantage of stepped microstrip feed line and truncated rectangular ground plane. Measured results shows the frequency ranges of 3.32–4.06 GHz (20%), 5.17–6.06 GHz (16%), and 7.17–10.32 (36%). The antenna is analyzed with an equivalent circuit model. In comparison to previous works, this antenna has a simple design, very compact size of 10 mm × 15 mm × 0.8 mm, three wide working bands, and matching levels better than −20 dB at all resonant frequencies.
Prediction of adaptive strategies based on deformation vector field features for MR‐guided adaptive radiotherapy of prostate cancer
Authors: Xia Wen‐Long , Liang Bin , Men Kuo , Zhang Ke , Tian Yuan , Li Ming‐Hui , Lu Ning‐Ning , Li Ye‐Xiong , Dai Jian‐Rong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe selection of adaptive strategies in MR‐guided adaptive radiotherapy (MRgART) usually relies on subjective review of anatomical changes. However, this kind of review may lead to improper selection of adaptive strategy for some fractions.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop prediction models based on deformation vector field (DVF) features for automatic and accurate strategy selection, using prostate cancer as an example.Methods100 fractions of 20 prostate cancer patients were retrospectively selected in this study. Treatment plans using both adapt to position (ATP) strategy and adapt to shape (ATS) strategy were generated. Optimal adaptive strategy was determined according to dosimetric evaluation. DVFs of the deformable image registration (DIR) of daily MRI and CT simulation scans were extracted. The shape, first order statistics, and spatial features were extracted from the DVFs, subjected to further selection using the minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) method. The number of features (Fn) was hyper‐tuned using bootstrapping method, and then Fn indicating a peak area under the curve (AUC) value was used to construct three prediction models.ResultsAccording to subjective review, the ATS strategy was adopted for all 100 fractions. However, the evaluation results showed that the ATP strategy could have met the clinical requirements for 23 (23%) fractions. The three prediction models showed high prediction performance, with the best performing model achieving an AUC value of 0.896, corresponding accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPC) of 0.9, 0.958, and 0.667, respectively. The features used to construct prediction models included four features extracted from y direction of DVF (DVFy) and mask, one feature from z direction of DVF (DVFz). It indicated that the deformation along the anterior‐posterior direction had a greater impact on determining the adaptive strategy than other directions.ConclusionsDVF‐feature‐based models could accurately predict the adaptive strategy and avoid unnecessary selection of time‐consuming ATS strategy, which consequently improves the efficiency of the MRgART process.
A kernel‐based pseudo‐spectral method for multi‐term and distributed order time‐fractional diffusion equations
Authors: Fardi Mojtaba 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on the study of a kernel‐based method in pseudo‐spectral (PS) mode for multi‐term and distributed order time‐fractional diffusion equations. Using the theory of reproducing kernel, reproducing kernel functions will be established in reproducing kernel Hilbert space. In the proposed method, a finite difference scheme is used in temporal space to achieve a semi‐discrete configuration. Then, with the help of the kernel‐based PS method, we will illustrate how to derive the numerical solution. Finally, to support the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method, we provide several numerical examples. In numerical experiments, the quality of the approximation is calculated by absolute error and discrete error norms.
Recovery of the time‐dependent zero‐order coefficient in a fourth‐order parabolic problem
Authors: Cao Kai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe determination of an unknown time‐dependent zero‐order coefficient in a fourth‐order parabolic problem is investigated form the integral‐type observation in this paper. Under certain assumptions, the well‐posedness of the weak solution to the inverse problem is obtained. Furthermore, its global solvability can be proved by applying some transformations. For the numerical reconstruction of the unknown coefficient, three methods are established, including the transformations used above, the time‐discrete method with the cubic spline function method, and the optimization method. The convergence and error estimates for the time‐discrete method are derived rigorously. Furthermore, the corresponding predictor–corrector scheme is introduced to determine the unknown quantity numerically. For the optimization method, the minimizer of the objective functional is applied to approximate the unknown coefficient. The convergence rates of the optimization problem is proved under some suitable source condition. In addition, the Fréchet derivative of the objective functional is obtained and utilized to establish the conjugate gradient algorithm. The numerical example shows that all the three methods can be applied to numerically recover the unknown quantity efficiently.