bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between paraspinal muscle morphology and function in different directions in a healthy Chinese population at different ages: A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Yinhao , Yuan Lei , Zeng Yan , Ni Jiajun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Paraspinal muscle degeneration occurs with age; however, it is unknown whether strength and endurance change with muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and fatty infiltration (FI) parameters in Chinese healthy individuals.
Methods
A total of 94 asymptomatic Chinese volunteers were enrolled in this study. The participants were divided into three groups: young (20–39 years old, n = 27), middle-aged (40–59 years old, n = 49), and elderly (≥ 60 years old, n = 18). CSA and FI of the psoas (PS), quadratus lumborum (QL), multifidus (MF), and erector spinae (ES) were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. The Bionix Sim3 Pro was used to evaluate the maximum isometric torque and the Ito test to evaluate endurance. Hand grip strength (HGS) was measured using a Jamar dynamometer.
Results
The CSA of the PS and ES in the elderly group was smaller than those in the other groups, while the CSA of QL in the young group was larger than that in the other groups. There were differences in the MF and ES FI among the three groups. The maximum isometric torque and endurance test time decreased with increasing age; however, these differences were not statistically significant. Maximum isometric torque positively correlated with the average paraspinal muscle CSA and negatively correlated with the torque and FI of the MF and ES muscles. The endurance test was found to be positively correlated with the FCSA of the MF and to be negatively correlated with the FI of the MF and ES. HGS was found to have a strong positive correlation with the maximum isometric torque in all directions. PS and QL can predict the maximum isometric torque, and MF and PS can predict the endurance time.
Conclusion
MF and ES showed earlier degeneration than PS and QL. MF are the first paraspinal muscle to undergo functional area atrophy, and it plays an important role in the endurance test. QL and PS were more activated in the lumbar activity. As a more convenient examination, the HGS can be used to initially evaluate the lumbar strength of patients.
Trial registration:
The study was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and the registration number is ChiCTR2000039073 on 15/10/2020 (https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=62785). Ethical Approval was obtained from the Peking University Third Hospital Medical Science Research Ethics Committee (IRB00006761-M2020305).
Retinoic acid signaling regulates the energy metabolism of embryonic lung branching
Authors: Fernandes-Silva Hugo , Alves Marco G. , Garcez Marcia R. , Correia-Pinto Jorge , Oliveira Pedro F. , Homem Catarina C. F. , Moura Rute S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background: Lung branching morphogenesis is characterized by epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and mediated by complex signaling that ultimately defines the airway conducting system. Retinoic Acid (RA) signaling is crucial for lung organogenesis and modulates proximal-distal patterning and branching morphogenesis. However, how signaling networks and energy metabolism work together to shape embryonic lung development remains unexplored. Here, we investigate how RA signaling influences the metabolic profile of lung branching.

Methods: We performed ex vivo lung explant culture using embryonic chicken lungs (Gallus gallus) treated with DMSO, 1 uM RA (stimulation), or 10 uM of BMS493 (inhibition). Explant culture media was collected, and the consumption/production of extracellular metabolites was evaluated by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Lung explants were analyzed to determine mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis. Proliferation was assessed using an EdU‐based assay. Western blot, qPCR, and in situ hybridization were performed to assess the expression of metabolic/signaling components.

Results: Upon stimulation, RA signaling increases lung branching, maintaining proper morphology. Besides, there is an increase in the amount of glucose directed into pyruvate and succinate rather than into alanine or lactate production. On the other hand, RA signaling inhibition decreases lung branching, induces a cystic-like phenotype, and promotes mitochondrial function. Proliferation status and lactate dehydrogenase expression are both regulated by RA signaling. Furthermore, RA signaling controls fatty acid metabolism through an AMPK-dependent mechanism.

Conclusions: This report shows that RA signaling modulates the energy metabolism of lung branching morphogenesis and highlights the importance of metabolic regulation in this phase, contributing to understanding the etiology of congenital lung disorders.
A case of severe septic shock caused by Streptococcus agalactiae
Authors: Zhang Hua , Tang Tian , Liu Guocheng , Liu Guangming , Pan Lingai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
GBS causes fewer severe infections, less severe septic shock, and generally infects special populations, GBS infection is easily overlooked. This case is the first report in the world of severe septic shock caused by GBS in ordinary young woman. Therefore, for septic shock in the general population without underlying diseases, especially women, clinicians should strengthen the awareness of screening and be alert to GBS infection.
High-throughput deformation potential and electrical transport calculations
Authors: Jin Yeqing , Wang Xiangdong , Yao Mingjia , Qiu Di , Xi Jinyang , Xi Lili , Yang Jiong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Deformation potential plays an important role in electrical transport properties. Here, we design a high-throughput method for calculating deformation potential for semiconductors in MatHub-3d database. The deformation potential in this work is computed from the band edge (valence band maximum and conduction band minimum) variations with respect to the volume change. A key quantity in the workflow is the reference level which can measure the band edge change accurately. In order to adapt the calculation of reference level to a high-throughput manner, the average value of the first valence electron energy band associated with each compound is used as the reference level. Deformation potentials for 11,993 materials are calculated using the above-mentioned method. By considering the calculated deformation potentials, electronic structures and bulk moduli, 9,957 compounds with converged electrical transport properties are obtained. 332 promising p-type thermoelectric materials, and 321 n-type entries are then proposed. Among them, 156 compounds are screened to having both potentially good n- and p-type thermoelectric transport properties. The band structures and chemical bonding information for several typical compounds are further presented to reveal favorable band and bonding features for thermoelectrics.
Methamphetamine (MA) use and MA-induced psychosis are associated with increasing aberrations in the compensatory immunoregulatory system, interleukin-1α, and CCL5 levels
Authors: Kalayasiri Rasmon , Dadwat Kanokwan , Thika Supaksorn , Sirivichayakul Sunee , Maes Michael 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Comprehensive immunological profiles have not been studied in relation to methamphetamine (MA) use, MA dependency, or MA-induced psychosis (MAP). Using the BioPlex Pro Human Cytokine 48-Plex panel, this study measured M1 macrophage, T helper (Th)-1, Th-2, growth factor, and chemokine profiles, as well as the immune inflammatory response system (IRS) and compensatory immunoregulatory system (CIRS) in peripheral blood samples from patients with MA use (n=51), MA dependence (n=47), and MAP (n=43) in comparison with healthy controls (n=43). We discovered that persistent MA use had a robust dose-dependent suppressive impact on all immunological profiles, suggesting extensive immunosuppression. The most reliable biomarker profile of MA use is the combination of substantial CIRS suppression and a rise in selected pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely CCL27 (CTACK), CCL11 (eotaxin), and interleukin (IL)-1α. In addition, MA dependency is related with a more severe immunosuppression, as demonstrated by lower stem cell factor and higher IL-10 levels. MAP is related with a significant decrease in all immunological profiles, particularly CIRS, and an increase in CCL5 (RANTES), IL-1α, and IL-12p70 signaling. In conclusion, long-term MA use and dependency severely undermine immune homeostasis. This results in widespread immunosuppression, which may increase the likelihood of infectious and immune illness or exacerbate disorders such as hepatitis and AIDS. Elevated levels of CCL5, CCL11, CCL27, IL-1α, and/or IL-12p70 may be associated with severe peripheral (atherosclerosis, cutaneous inflammation, immune aberrations, hypospermatogenesis) and central (neuroinflammation, neurotoxic, neurodegenerative, depression, anxiety and psychosis) side effects.
Functional Fitness and Psychological Well-being in Older Adults
Authors: Tóth Eliza E. , Vujić Aleksandar , Ihász Ferenc , Ruíz-Barquín Roberto , Szabo Attila 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Physical fitness and functioning are related to better mental health in older age. However, which fitness components (body composition, strength, flexibility, coordination, and endurance) are more closely related to psychological well-being (PWB) is unclear. This research examined how body mass index (BMI) and six indices of functional fitness (i.e., lower and upper body strength, lower and upper body flexibility, coordination [based on agility and balance], and aerobic endurance) relate to five psychological measures that could mirror PWB (i.e., resilience, mental well-being, optimism, life satisfaction, and happiness). Thirty-nine older adults (60-94 years; two-thirds female) were examined with the Fullerton Functional Fitness Test (FFFT) after completing five psychometric instruments. Data were analyzed with ordinary least squares regression and then with elastic net regression, calculating the Lindeman, Merenda, and Gold (LMG) indices of the relative importance of the six FFFT components separately for the five psychological measures. Results revealed that BMI, upper body strength, and upper body flexibility were the least significant predictors of PWB. In contrast, lower body flexibility emerged as the most significant predictor, while endurance and, to a lesser extent, coordination were also predictors in some of the PWB measures. These findings should stimulate research on the mechanism connecting lower body flexibility with PWB. Further, apart from their novelty, the findings could be valuable in designing physical fitness programs targeting mental and physical health for older people.
Aphallia
Authors:   Awet Ghebreberhan Mehretab1, Berhe Nahom Daniel , Fekadu Emnet Tekeste 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aphallia is a very uncommon congenital condition characterized by the absence of a penis. We report a case of aphallia in a 3-month-old male infant. The infant was born at home and the mother has not received any antenatal care. At presentation to our hospital, we did routine laboratory tests and counseling, and the infant was referred to a higher facility for further evaluation. Despite counseling and referral, the infant was lost to follow-up. This case emphasizes the challenges of managing congenital anomalies in low-resource settings.
Understanding spatiotemporal patterns of COVID-19 incidence in Portugal: a functional data analysis from August 2020 to March 2022
Authors: Ribeiro Manuel C. , Azevedo Leonardo , Santos André Peralta , Leite Pedro Pinto , Pereira Maria João 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the pandemic, massive amounts of daily data on incidence are being collected by governments and public health authorities, providing relevant information about the dissemination of pandemic in terms of its virological evolution and spatiotemporal distribution of cases, hospitalization, and deaths. We propose a novel approach combining functional data analysis and unsupervised learning algorithms to extract meaningful information about the main spatiotemporal patterns underlying SARS-CoV-2 incidence. We modelled the daily COVID-19 confirmed cases by municipality as a function of time using functional principal component analysis to describe their temporal evolution in order to outline the main temporal patterns of variability. Municipalities were classified according to their spatiotemporal similarities through hierarchical clustering adapted to spatially correlated functional data. The proposed approach is applied to mainland Portugal with data collected between August 2020 and March 2022 by municipality. The results obtained discriminate northern and coastal regions from southern and hinterland, and the effects in 2020-21 from the effects in 2021-22 autumn-winter seasons. Spatiotemporal patterns and classification of municipalities agree with results reported by other works and provides proof-of-concept that the proposed approach can be used to detect the main spatiotemporal patterns of disease incidence. The novel approach extends and refines existing exploratory tools for spatiotemporal analysis of public health data.
Regulation of machine-transplanted rice using side-deep fertilization on weed community and diversity influences rice production in double-cropping paddy
Authors: Zhong Xuemei , Zhou Xuan , Luo Gongwen , Zi Tao , Wu Yuanfan , Peng Jianwei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Weed control and biodiversity conservation are required for sustainable agricultural production. The impact of long-term chemical fertilization on the agroecological environment has attracted widespread attention. To validate the effects of machine-transplanted rice using side-deep fertilization (MRSF) on weed control and weed community composition in paddy fields, a field experiment was conducted in a double-cropping rice system at the Dongting Lake in southern China. Seven fertilization treatments for early- and late-season rice were tested, including control (CK), conventional fertilization (CF), and MRSF with controlled-release blending fertilizer (MRSF-CRBF) at various nitrogen (N) rates (MC, 10% MC, 20% MC, 30% MC, and 40% MC). The highest yields of early- and late-season rice were obtained with 10% MC and 40% MC, respectively, with an increase by 2.5% and 5.0% compared to the CF treatment. The CK treatment exhibited the least weed species, while CF treatment the highest Shannon index across growth stages. The highest weed biomass of early- and late-season rice was observed under CF treatment, which was 4.5–37.7% and 4.5–24.1% higher than those in the 0–40% MC treatments, respectively. Soil pH, available potassium and available phosphorus (P) in the double-cropping paddy field were negatively correlated with weed biomass. Soil available N content was positively correlated with weed biomass in early- versus late-season rice. Soil available P content indirectly affected total weed biomass via pH and available N. Redundancy analysis showed that weed biomass was negatively correlated with soil physicochemical properties, and soil available N and organic matter content had significant effects on weed distribution. In conclusion, the MRSF-CRBF strategy effectively maintained suitable available N and P content during the late-season of rice growth, controlled weed growth, and achieved a beneficial dynamic balance between weed species and total biomass.
Oceanic eddies induce a rapid formation of an internal wave continuum
Authors: Yang Luwei , Barkan Roy , Sriniva Kaushik , McWilliams James , Shakespeare Callum , Gibson Angus 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Oceanic internal waves are a major driver for turbulent mixing in the ocean, which controls the global overturning circulation and the oceanic heat and carbon transport. Internal waves are observed to have a continuous energy distribution across all wave frequencies and scales, commonly known as the internal wave continuum, despite being forced at near-inertial and tidal frequencies at large scales. This internal wave continuum is widely thought to be developed primarily through wave-wave interactions. However, the development through wave-wave interactions occurs on yearly timescales and is insufficient to maintain the observed continuum given the large episodic wind energy input. Here we show, using realistic numerical simulations in the subpolar North Atlantic, that oceanic eddies rapidly distribute large-scale wind-forced near-inertial wave energy across spatio-temporal scales, thereby forming an internal wave continuum within three weeks. As a result, wave energy dissipation patterns are controlled by eddies and are significantly enhanced below the mixed layer. The efficiency of this process potentially explains why a phase lag between high-frequency and near-inertial wave energy was observed in eddy-poor regions but not in eddy-rich regions. Our findings highlight the importance of eddies in forming an internal wave continuum and in controlling upper ocean mixing patterns.
Formulation and evaluation of novel nutraceuticals rich in protein, vitamins, minerals, natural flavors, and steviol glycosides for improving quality of life
Authors: Almoselhy Rania I.M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
For a wide range of people, including malnourished adults with non-communicable diseases (NCDs), micronutrient deficiency, underweight and overweight people, pregnant and lactating women, and adolescents, the current research aimed to present innovative nutraceutical formulations devoted to improving the quality of life (QoL) while promoting health. The novel nutraceutical formulations were structured on a scientific basis with evidence-based health benefits, with daily values (DVs) according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), containing a high-quality whey protein concentrate (WPC 70%), skim milk powder (SMP 34%), vitamins (folic acid, B12, C), minerals (iron, zinc), natural flavors (vanilla, cinnamon, coffee, chocolate), and stevia leaf extract sweetener. The novel formulations were subjected to the physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory evaluation. The results showed significant differences (P<0.05) among formulations with natural flavors added in different amounts to provide 10 g of protein (20% DV), elemental iron and zinc, vitamin C, folic acid, and vitamin B12 (25% DV), with elemental calcium (20% DV) emerged from milk derivatives. The serving sizes of the four formulas were different according to the difference in the amount of natural flavor while keeping the same amounts of the other ingredients. Following the chocolate-flavored formulation as the first in order of overall acceptability, were coffee, cinnamon, and vanilla-flavored formulation, according to the sensory evaluation.
Effects of paracetamol (acetaminophen) on the expression of solute carriers (SLCs) in late gestation fetal rat brain, choroid plexus and the placenta
Authors: Huang Yifan , Qiu Fiona , Dziegielewska Katarzyna Magdelena , Koehn Liam Matthew , Habgood Mark David , Saunders Norman Ruthven 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Solute carriers (SLCs) regulate transfer of a wide range of molecules across cell membranes using facilitative or secondary active transport. In pregnancy, these transporters, expressed at the placental barrier, are important for delivery of nutrients to the developing fetus, whilst also limiting entry of potentially harmful substances such as drugs. In the present study, RNA-sequencing analysis was used to investigate expression of SLCs in the fetal (E19) rat brain, choroid plexus and placenta in untreated controls and following maternal paracetamol treatment. In the treated group, paracetamol (15 mg/kg) was administered to dams twice daily for 5 days (from E15 to E19). Expression of several SLCs was significantly different in paracetamol treatment group compared to controls in all tissues tested, with ion, amino acid, neurotransmitter and sugar transporters most affected. The number of SLC transcripts that changed significantly following treatment was the highest in the choroid plexus and lowest in the brain. In control tissues, overall expression of SLCs was highest in the placenta. However, following paracetamol treatment, SLC transcripts in the placenta were either unchanged or significantly lower. Together, these results suggest that administration of paracetamol during pregnancy could potentially disrupt fetal nutrient homeostasis and affect brain development.
SFC: A Sampling from Clusters for Reduction of Dataset Size
Authors: Tigga Onima , Pal Jaya , Mustafi Debjani 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Since managing enormous datasets in the real world is difficult, it is necessary to minimize the size of the data set, so that the accuracy of the original dataset is no longer impacted. In this study, the categorization of the white wine dataset is examined using a number of machine learning techniques, including Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), K Nearest Neighbour (KNN), and Logistic Regression (LR). Additionally, we utilized the stated dataset using the defined methodologies and presented the Sampling from Clusters (SFC) approach. The white wine dataset is first clustered using our suggested method SFC, and then 95% of the data from each cluster is removed and combined to create a standard dataset for classification process. For 90%, 85%, and 80% of the data, the same procedure is repeated. On the other hand, we used a random sampling (RS) technique to work with 95% of the data from the dataset in question, and we compared the results with SFC using evaluation metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), Area under the Curve (AUC), binomial confidence interval (CI), and MSE. With 90%, 85%, and 80% of the datasets, the same procedure is repeated. According to statistics, confidence intervals CI become tighter as the quantity of test data N increases; they range from 0.72 to 0.76 for NB, 0.73 to 0.79 for SVM, 0.82 to 0.86 for RF, 0.75 to 0.77 for KNN, and 0.74 to 0.80 for LR.
RETRACTED: Novel and high efficient nanosheets of Ti3C2Tx MXenes decorated with BiFeO3 nanoparticles for Super-capacitor and electro-catalytic water splitting applications
Authors: Zainab Sana , Awan Saif Ullah , Hussain Danish , Shah Saqlain , Rizwan Syed , Faraz Sajal 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A spatial transcriptome map of developing maize ear
Authors: Yang Ning , Wang Yuebin , Luo Yun , Guo Xing , Li Yunfu , Yan Jiali , Shao Wenwen , Wei Wenjie , Jackson David , Zhang Zuxin , Yan Jianbing , Liu Huan , Liu Lei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

A comprehensive understanding of inflorescence development is crucial for crop genetic improvement, as inflorescence meristems give rise to reproductive organs and determine grain yield. However, dissecting inflorescence development at the cellular level has been challenging due to the lack of distinct marker genes to distinguish each cell types, particularly the various types of meristems that are vital for organ formation. In this study, we used spatial enhanced resolution omics-sequencing (Stereo-seq) to construct a precise spatial transcriptome map of developing maize ear primordia, identifying twelve cell types, including the four newly cell types that mainly distributed on inflorescence merisetm. Through integrating single-cell RNA transcriptomes, we identified a series of spatially-specific networks and hub genes, which may provide new insights on understanding the formation of different tissues. Furthermore, by extracting the meristem components for detailed clustering, we identified three subtypes of meristem, and validated two MADS-box genes specifically expressed at the apex of determinate meristems, involved in stem cell determinacy. In summary, this study provides a valuable resource for cereal inflorescence development studies, offering new clues for yield improvement.