bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA-B*44 and the Bw4-80T motif are associated with poor outcome of relapse-preventive immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Komic Hana , Hallner Alexander , Hussein Brwa A. , Badami Chiara , Wöhr Anne , Hellstrand Kristoffer , Bernson Elin , Thorén Fredrik B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
HLA-B proteins interact with key immune receptors on both T and NK cells, and variants of the encoding gene are associated with outcomes in various pathologies, including autoimmune diseases and malignancies. HLA-B is pivotal in antigen presentation to cytotoxic T cells, and some variants containing a Bw4 motif also serve as ligands to the killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) 3DL1/S1 of NK cells. We investigated the potential impact of HLA-B genotypes on the efficiency of immunotherapy for relapse prevention in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Seventy-nine non-transplanted AML patients receiving HDC/IL-2 in the post-consolidation phase were genotyped for HLA-B and KIRs genes. HLA-B*07 associated with improved leukemia-free survival (LFS), while HLA-B*44 heralded impaired LFS and overall survival (OS). The negative association with outcome was not shared across alleles of the HLA-B44 supertype. Notably, HLA-B*44 is one of few HLA-B44 supertype alleles containing a Bw4 motif with a threonine at position 80, which typically results in weak binding to the inhibitory NK receptor, KIR3DL1. Accordingly, a strong interaction between KIR3DL1 and Bw4 was associated with superior LFS and OS (p = 0.014 and p = 0.027, respectively). KIR3DL1+ NK cells from 80T-Bw4 donors showed significantly lower degranulation responses and cytokine responses than NK cells from 80I-Bw4 donors, suggesting impaired KIR3DL1-mediated education in 80T-Bw4 subjects. We propose that presence of a strong KIR3DL1+ - Bw4 interaction is advantageous in AML patients receiving immunotherapy for relapse prevention. This is likely achieved by improved NK cell education and a reduced expression of HLA-Bw4 on malignant leukemic cells.
Flexural Behavior of Laminated Wood Beams Strengthened with Novel Composite Systems (CFRP and Wire Rope): An experimental study
Authors: OZDEMIR Mehmet Faruk , MARAS Muslum Murat , YURTSEVEN Hasan Basri 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to improve the mechanical properties of laminated timber beams by using Novel Composite Systems (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer and Wire Rope). Reducing the cross-sectional area of the beam is important for the strength conditions required in large span systems with structural laminated wood material. Within the scope of this study, it is foreseen that the use of wood, which is an environmentally friendly and sustainable building element, will be made more economical and safe, instead of reinforced concrete and steel elements currently used to pass wide openings. Structural behavior of hybrid reinforced laminated timber beams was determined under the loading system. Experimental findings show that normal laminated timber beam (0N) has a maximum load of 14 kN and a deflection of 36 mm. On the other hand, the highest increase in the values of laminated beams reinforced with steel ropes was obtained with the (2N) reinforcement, with a maximum load of 38 kN and a displacement of 137mm. In this way, a load increase of 168% and a displacement increase of 275% compared to the reference sample were obtained. Since the steel rope-reinforced samples absorb the load, crack formation and transfer to the upper layers are prevented. 3F beam specimen reinforced with CFRP and steel ropes obtained maximum load of 28 kN and a displacement of 152 mm. Compared to the reference sample, a load increase of 92% and a displacement increase of 14% were obtained. Consequently, the fabrics placed between the layers with CFRP prevented crack development and provided a significant interlayer connection. It has been observed that the fiber composite-reinforced wooden beams increase the load bearing capacity by more than 50% and exhibit a ductile behavior. The carbon fabrics placed between the laminated wooden beams with the innovative reinforcement system will not both disrupt the aesthetics and will reduce the effect of earthquake forces, and significant reductions can be achieved in the sections.
Lattice dynamics, sound velocities, and atomic environments of szomolnokite at high pressure
Authors: Pardo Olivia S. , Dobrosavljevic Vasilije V. , Sturhahn Wolfgang , Toellner Thomas S. , Strozewski Benjamin , Jackson Jennifer M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Complex mixtures of sulfates, silicates, and ice have been observed in a variety of planetary environments on Earth, Mars and the icy satellites of the solar system. Characterizing the properties of the corresponding compositional endmembers is important for understanding the interiors of a range of planetary bodies in which these phases are observed. To measure the electronic and vibrational properties of the iron endmember, szomolnokite, (FeSO4⋅H2O), we have performed synchrotron 57Fe nuclear resonant inelastic and forward scattering experiments in the diamond anvil cell up to 14.5 GPa. This pressure range covers depths within Earth’s interior relevant to sulfur cycling in subduction zones and the range of pressures expected within icy satellites interiors. We find evidence of crystal lattice softening, changes in elastic properties, and changes in the electric field gradients of iron atoms associated with two structural transitions occurring within the experimental pressure range. We apply these findings to icy satellite interiors, including discussion of elastic properties and implications for tidal observations.
Influence of environmental factors on changes in the speciation of Pb and Cr in sediments of Wuliangsuhai Lake, during the ice-covered period
Authors: Zhao Yunxi , Zhao Shengnan , Shi Xiaohong , Lu Junping , Cui Zhimou , Yu Haifeng , Ye Bowen , Li Xingyue 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Ecological pollution caused by heavy metals released by sediments is a worldwide concern. However, the effect of changes in sediment speciation on their release of heavy metals has not been adequately reported. This study analysed changes in the sediment speciation of Pb and Cr before and after a release experiment by varying the temperature, pH, and salinity of the water column. The results show that the release of Pb and Cr from sediments increases with increasing water temperature, mainly due to the conversion of the residual fraction of Pb to the Fe-Mn oxide fraction and Cr converting more residual fraction to the organic matter and sulfide fraction. The release of sediment Pb and Cr decreased with increasing pH, with Pb converting more acid extractable fraction to the residual fraction and Cr converting more organic matter and sulfide fraction to the residual fraction. In contrast, the release of Pb and Cr increased and then decreased with increasing salinity, with the acid extractable and residual fractions of Pb interconverting, and the organic matter and sulfide fraction and the residual fraction of Cr showing higher interconversion. For Pb, the acid extractable fraction was more susceptible to conversion to the residual fraction by environmental influences, whereas for Cr, the organic matter and sulfide fraction was susceptible to conversion to the residual fraction. This study highlights the influence of environmental factors on the sediment speciation of heavy metals, which can help reveal the transport and transformation of heavy metals in cold and arid lake sediments.
gene action and combining ability estimation in elite sorghum [sorghum bicolor (l) Moench] inbred lines under Dry Lowland Areas of Ethiopia
Authors: Begna Temesgen , Birhan Techale , Tadesse Taye 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The success of a plant breeding program greatly depends on the right choice of parents for hybridization and the gene action of different economic traits. Genetic variation is a key component in broadening gene pools in any given crop population and is critical to the success of yield improvement program. However, limited genetic variation and lack of potential parents and hybrids are the most limiting factors for improvement of sorghum in the moisture stress areas. Therefore, the study was conducted to estimate the combining abilities and determine gene action governing the quantitative traits for yield and its components using line x tester mating design. The experimental materials consisted of fifteen parents along with their twenty six hybrids and one standard check. The experiment was laid out using alpha lattice design with two replications at Mieso and Kobo during the main cropping season of 2019. For all of the traits studied, the combined analysis of variance indicated highly significant variations due to genotypes, indicating the presence of considerable genetic variation among genotypes. Inbred lines 3 and 4 were selected as the best general combiners for both days to flowering and plant height traits, while inbred lines 2 and 7 were identified as the best general combiners for stay green traits, based on general combining ability analysis. Thousand seed weight showed best general combiners in inbred line 6, 10 and 12. The hybrid crosses 4x14, 8x15 and 11x14 were identified as best specific combiners for grain yield while hybrid 1x15 was best specific combiner for days to flowering, days to maturity, panicle length, panicle width and thousand seed weight. The estimates of general and specific combining ability revealed the preponderance of non-additive gene action since the ratio of general combining ability to specific combining ability was less than unity for all the traits under study except for plant height. Eventually, Inbred lines 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and hybrid crosses 4x14, 8x15, 1x15, 11x14, 11x15, 13x14, 6x15 were found to be the most promising and potential genotypes that could be exploited commercially after critical evaluation for superiority and yield stability across locations over years, based on combining ability estimates and nature of gene action for grain yield and its components.
Representation of prime numbers on the complex plane
Authors: Csóka Levente 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

A novel representation of a quasi-periodic prime numbers on the complex plan has been investigated. We focus on some quantities characterizing the sum of centres of complex way represented prime numbers. The results indicate that prime numbers can be generated by rooting of real numbers and progression can be decomposed into periodic sequences. The main approach is to root-decompose it into prime numbers. Basically, it is applied to extract hidden periodicities in quasi periodic prime series. The periodicities were arranged in parabolic spirals to show their harmonic pattern. Numerical evidence was provided to confirm that primes can be generated by rooting.
Origin of Probability in Quantum Mechanics and New Physical Interpretation of the State Function of an Elementary Particle
Authors: Wen Shuming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The theoretical results of quantum mechanics (QM) have been verified by experiments, but the probabilistic Copenhagen interpretation is still controversial, and many counterintuitive phenomena are still difficult to understand. To trace the origin of probability in QM, we construct the amplitudes of a space-time position in a multiparticle quantum objective system and find that the probability in QM originates from the particle number distribution rate in a unit volume near position r at time t in the multiparticle quantum objective system. Based on the origin of probability, the quantization conditions of action and the principle of least action for an elementary particle (referred to as particle) , we find that when a particle moves in space-time, it periodically and alternately exhibit particle and wave state. We have derived the formula for the fringe positions in the double-slit experiment with particles, a new certainty relation and the uncertainty relation, obtain the localized and nonlocalized spatiotemporal range of the particle, the apparent trajectory of the particle motion. Based on this, through rigorous mathematical derivation and analysis, we propose new physical interpretations of the quantum superposition state, wave-particle duality, the double-slit experiment, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, and the quantum tunnelling effect, and these interpretations are physically logical and not counterintuitive.
Physico-chemical and microbiological assessment of domestic water supply in Bontoc, Mountain Province, Philippines
Authors: Magwilang Epiphania B. , Paredes Annie Lourie Yawan , Armas Francisco C. , Bugnay Helen Grace P. , Dagupen Rose D. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

This study determined the water quality of the three major domestic water sources of Bontoc, Mountain Province, and recommended interventions to maintain water parameters within values set by the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW). Results revealed that all the average values of the physico-chemical parameters measured during wet and dry seasons for the water samples from the different water sources and sampling points are within the allowable range except for turbidity and color during and just after typhoons and prolonged strong rainfalls. As to microbiological parameters, samples from the sources, storage tank, and distribution line have a very high total coliform count, and Escherichia coli content for both seasons. For heterotrophic plate count, only the water samples from Balabag Spring for both wet and dry seasons, from the storage tank during the wet season, and from Gakhan Spring during the dry season have acceptable values. Findings indicate the high vulnerability of the water sources to microbial contamination. Thus, water in all sources is not potable and is therefore not recommended for drinking purposes in its present condition. To address the water supply quality problems, filtration systems may be included in the water system design, the intake tanks, or a new reservoir.
Delineation of preferential flow pathways in a tropical crystalline rock aquifer in Tarkwa, Ghana using integrated hydrogeophysical methods
Authors: Agbotui Prodeo Yao , Ewusi Anthony , Seidu Jamel , Brookman-Amissah Mark , Woode Anthony , Aforla Bright 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In Ghana, crystalline rock aquifers with secondary hydraulic features and preferential flow pathways serve as very important aquifers. Protecting and managing these geological porous media require identifying preferential flow pathways and hydraulic characteristics. In this study, preferential flow pathways and hydraulic parameters were characterised for two boreholes (Hilly and Valley) located in Tarkwa, Ghana via the integrated use of borehole dilution testing (BDT), slug testing, and geological mapping. The geological fieldwork mapped a relatively sparsely fractured Sandstone Unit overlying a heavily foliated and fissile Phyllite Unit. Geology influenced groundwater flow in boreholes. The BDT confirmed the geology by showing a stratified flow system with preferential flow pathways. The Hilly/recharge area borehole shows relatively low downward flow, whereas the Valley/transition area borehole is dominated by the concentrated diffuse horizontal flow. These flow patterns are in agreement with the borehole locations and their dominant geologies. The estimated hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, and storage coefficient ranged between 5.1 × 10−4–7.7 × 10−2 m/d, 4.0 × 10−2–3.2 m2/d, and 10−7–10−5, respectively. The cheap integrated hydrogeophysical methods used in this study are applicable for characterising, protecting, and managing other crystalline aquifers in the West African sub-region and other tropical terrains.
Experiments on the drag coefficient of a sphere with a variable velocity
Authors: Zhou Shuang , Zhang Genguang , Xu Xiaoyang , He Chengming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The drag coefficient plays a dominant role in the particle motion. The main objective of the present study is to extract a mathematical correlation between the total drag coefficient and the particle motion parameters. To this end, the total drag coefficient of a sphere with a variable velocity in a water tank was studied experimentally using a high-speed camera. An expression was developed to simulate the correlation between the total drag coefficient, the Reynolds number, and the acceleration coefficient. Then the developed expression for calculating the total drag coefficient based on the Reynolds number was improved. Moreover, the correlation between the Froude number and the acceleration coefficient was analyzed and an expression was developed in this regard. A formula for calculating the total coefficient based on the Froude number was established. The obtained results show that the total drag coefficient has a complex change with an increasing Reynolds number at a determined acceleration coefficient. Furthermore, it is found that at a constant Reynolds number, the total drag coefficient decreases as the acceleration coefficient increases. The performed analyses demonstrated that the established expression based on the Froude number has high accuracy and low computational complexity.
Performance of hybrid biofilter based on rice husks/sawdust treating grey wastewater
Authors: Costa-Conceicao Kennedy , Villamar Ayala Cristina Alejandra , Dávila Tatiana , Gallardo María Cristina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

An innovative nature-based technology for wastewater treatment is the hybrid biofiltration, which combines complex symbiotic relationships between plants, earthworms and microorganisms with adequate support components. This latter could be optimized using organic supports. The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance of hybrid biofilters based on rice husks/sawdust treating grey wastewater from mining camps. Four biofilters using an active layer (rice husks/sawdust: 50/50%, v/v) at 60(B60) and 45(B45) cm height and operating for 64 days at a hydraulic loading rate between 1 and 5 m3/m2d were monitored. Eisenia foetida Savigny and Cyperus papyrus L. were used as a biotic component. COD, N-NH4+, NO3−, NO2−, PO43− and fecal coliforms were weekly monitored. Results showed that the most efficient HB was using 60 cm as an active layer and operating at 3 m3/m2d, which reported average removal efficiencies for COD, NH4+, NO3−, PO43− and fecal coliforms up to 85, 89, 47, 49 and 99.9%, respectively. Organic support improved the rate growth for Cyperus papirus L. and E. foetida Savigny up to 50%. Hybrid biofiltration using organic residues is low-cost, providing all-encompassing operational and performance features, improving the wastewater reclamation opportunities.
Effects of surface hydrophobicity on the removal of F-specific RNA phages from reclaimed water by coagulation and ceramic membrane microfiltration
Authors: Yasui Midori , Ikner Luisa , Yonetani Takashi , Liu Miaomiao , Katayama Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Microfiltration (MF) has been widely adopted as an advanced treatment process to reduce suspended solids and turbidity in treated wastewater effluents designated for potable reuse. Although microfilter pores are much larger than viruses, the addition of a coagulant upstream of a microfilter system can achieve stable virus removal. Ceramic membranes have a narrow pore size distribution to achieve the high removal of contaminants. This study aims to evaluate virus log reduction using bench-scale coagulation and ceramic membrane MF. To investigate the effects of differences in net surface hydrophobicity, 18 sewage-derived F-specific RNA phages (FRNAPHs) were used for batch hydrophobicity and coagulation–MF tests. The capability of bench-scale coagulation and ceramic membrane MF under continuous automated long-term operation was tested to remove the lab reference strain MS2 and three selected FRNAPH isolates which varied by surface property. Median virus log reduction values (LRVs) exceeding 6.2 were obtained for all three isolates and MS2. Although coagulation and hydrophobicity were positively correlated, the virus isolate demonstrating the lowest level of hydrophobicity and coagulation (genogroup I) still exhibited a high LRV. Thus, coagulation and ceramic membrane MF systems may serve as viable options for virus removal during water reclamation and advanced treatment.
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Cell Injury in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome
Authors: Abdullah Marzoog Basheer 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Recently, the scientific community has realized that COVID-19 effects are not limited to the acute period of infection but continue beyond that to cause more prolonged pathological changes. Post-COVID syndrome is a novel concept that describes the sequelae/persistent pathophysiological changes of post-COVID-19 infection. The current hypothesis suggests the involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in cardiac arrhythmias, coronary artery aneurism, acute renal injury, central nervous system degenerative diseases, vascular endothelial cell dysfunction, and pulmonary dyspnea, as well as fibrotic lung damage. Therefore, COVID-19 has been identified as a poly-syndromic and poly-systemic inflammatory disease. Post-COVID extrapulmonary complications have been observed in approximately 85% of hospitalized COVID-19 survivors and 35% of COVID-19 outpatients. Furthermore, 25% of hospitalised COVID-19 survivors developed myocardiopathy.
Coronavirus Inhibitory Activity of Tamarind Indica
Authors: Danao Kishor , Shivhare Ruchi , Nandurkar Deweshri , Rokde Vijayshri , Mahajan Ujwala 
Published: May 2023

Background:
SARS-COVID-19 is an infectious disease, the causative agent Caroni virus.
WHO announced the pandemic on 3rd November 2020 to the whole world.

Objective:
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome COVID-19 is an infectious disease globally declared a
pandemic by WHO. There is a need to find the proper medication for recovery. The study uses the molecular
docking method to predict the anti-covid activity of plant phytoconstituents of Tamarind indica.

Methods:
Molecular docking techniques were accomplished to search the binding pattern of plant phytoconstituents
of T. indica against the crystal structure SARS-CoV-2 enzyme (PDB ID: 6LU7) with the help
of PyRx virtual screening software to study the amino acid interaction and inhibitory potential of phytoconstituents
of T. indica. In addition, we performed a pharmacokinetic and toxicological study of plant
phytoconstituents of T. indica using SwissADME and the pkCSM online server.

Results:
The phytoconstituents of Plant T. indica docking results proposed that apigenin (-7.8 kcal/mol),
epicatechin (-7.1 kcal/mol) and taxifolin (-7.5 kcal/mol) show the best binding energy as compared to
favipiravir (-5.2 kcal/mol). The phytoconstituents exposed promising interaction with amino acid residue,
leading to an inhibitory effect against the SARS-CoV-2 enzyme (PDB ID: 6LU7). Further, ADMET studies
showed that pharmacokinetics and toxicological parameters are within acceptable limits.

Conclusion:
In silico study revealed that the phytochemicals of T.indica show promising inhibitory results
against the SARS-CoV-2 enzyme (PDB ID: 6LU7). Moreover, the traditional benefits
of T.indica were clinical treatment and drug discovery.