bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Getting a load of linguistic reasoning: How L1 student teachers process rules of thumb and linguistic manipulations in discussions about grammar
Authors: Van Rijt Jimmy , Banga Arina , Goudbeek Martijn 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
An important skill for L1 language teachers when teaching grammar is the ability to produce and quickly evaluate arguments that underpin a grammatical analysis. Previous research has revealed that the strongest arguments in favour of a particular grammatical analysis are based on linguistic manipulations (LM) rather than on rules of thumb (RoT). This makes it critical for teachers to be able to handle arguments based on LM. If LM are considered too difficult to process compared to RoT, however, (student) teachers may avoid grammatical argumentation based on LM altogether, and they might struggle to evaluate their pupils’ LM-based grammatical argumentation. The current study has therefore examined whether LM impose a higher cognitive load on Dutch student teachers than RoT, using grammatical discussion tasks in which participants (N = 298) evaluated arguments based on RoT and on LM. Multilevel analyses indicate that LM are indeed more difficult to process than RoT, as measured by response times, correct classifications, and perceived difficulty ratings. This effect is partly influenced by student teachers’ need for cognition and their willingness to engage in grammar.
Low incidence of cannibalism among brood parasitic cuckoo catfish embryos
Authors: Zimmerman Holger , Tolman Deryk , Reichard Martin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Brood parasites have demanding needs of host resources. Brood parasitic offspring are highly competitive and frequently cause the failure of host broods and the survival of a single parasitic offspring. Accordingly, virulent brood parasites lay a single egg in the same host nest to avoid sibling competition. In the cuckoo catfish (Synodontis multipunctatus), which parasitize mouthbrooding cichlid fishes in Lake Tanganyika, the modes of host and parasite oviposition lead to frequent cases of multiple parasitism. We experimentally tested the prediction that multiple parasitism leads to frequent cannibalism among offspring. Cuckoo catfish embryos prey upon host offspring to obtain nourishment during their 3-week development in the host buccal cavity and may also consume conspecific embryos. The potential benefits of cannibalism in the system are, therefore, twofold; to decrease competition for limited resources (i.e., host brood with rich yolk sacs) and to directly obtain nourishment by consuming rivals. We found that cannibalism indeed provided measurable benefits in terms of increased growth of the cannibals, but cannibalism was rare and typically occurred once all host offspring had been consumed. This implies that cannibalism among cuckoo catfish embryos emerges to mitigate starvation rather than eliminate competition.
FLAN: feature-wise latent additive neural models for biological applications
Authors: Nguyen An-Phi , Vasilaki Stefania , Martínez María Rodríguez 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Interpretability has become a necessary feature for machine learning models deployed in critical scenarios, e.g. legal system, healthcare. In these situations, algorithmic decisions may have (potentially negative) long-lasting effects on the end-user affected by the decision. While deep learning models achieve impressive results, they often function as a black-box. Inspired by linear models, we propose a novel class of structurally constrained deep neural networks, which we call FLAN (Feature-wise Latent Additive Networks). Crucially, FLANs process each input feature separately, computing for each of them a representation in a common latent space. These feature-wise latent representations are then simply summed, and the aggregated representation is used for the prediction. These feature-wise representations allow a user to estimate the effect of each individual feature independently from the others, similarly to the way linear models are interpreted.

Results
We demonstrate FLAN on a series of benchmark datasets in different biological domains. Our experiments show that FLAN achieves good performances even in complex datasets (e.g. TCR-epitope binding prediction), despite the structural constraint we imposed. On the other hand, this constraint enables us to interpret FLAN by deciphering its decision process, as well as obtaining biological insights (e.g. by identifying the marker genes of different cell populations). In supplementary experiments, we show similar performances also on non-biological datasets.

Code and data availability
Code and example data are available at https://github.com/phineasng/flan_bio.
Environmental noise exposure and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Xia , Liu Mingliang , Zuo Lei , Wu Xiaoyi , Chen Mengshi , Li Xingli , An Ting , Chen Li , Xu Wenbin , Peng Shuang , Chen Haiyan , Liang Xiaohua , Hao Guang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Environmental noise is becoming increasingly recognized as an urgent public health problem, but the quality of current studies needs to be assessed. To evaluate the significance, validity and potential biases of the associations between environmental noise exposure and health outcomes.

Methods
We conducted an umbrella review of the evidence across meta-analyses of environmental noise exposure and any health outcomes. A systematic search was done until November 2021. PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and references of eligible studies were searched. Quality was assessed by AMSTAR and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).

Results
Of the 31 unique health outcomes identified in 23 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, environmental noise exposure was more likely to result in a series of adverse outcomes. Five percent were moderate in methodology quality, the rest were low to very low and the majority of GRADE evidence was graded as low or even lower. The group with occupational noise exposure had the largest risk increment of speech frequency [relative risk (RR): 6.68; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.41–13.07] and high-frequency (RR: 4.46; 95% CI: 2.80–7.11) noise-induced hearing loss. High noise exposure from different sources was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (34%) and its mortality (12%), elevated blood pressure (58–72%), diabetes (23%) and adverse reproductive outcomes (22–43%). In addition, the dose–response relationship revealed that the risk of diabetes, ischemic heart disease (IHD), cardiovascular (CV) mortality, stroke, anxiety and depression increases with increasing noise exposure.

Conclusions
Adverse associations were found for CV disease and mortality, diabetes, hearing impairment, neurological disorders and adverse reproductive outcomes with environmental noise exposure in humans, especially occupational noise. The studies mostly showed low quality and more high-quality longitudinal study designs are needed for further validation in the future.
Concurrent trajectories of residential region in relation to a sustainable working life among Swedish twins
Authors: Ropponen Annina , Wang Mo , Alaie Iman , Narusyte Jurgita , Svedberg Pia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Residential regions may impact the possibilities to achieve a sustainable working life (SWL, i.e. not having interruptions due to sickness absence, disability pension or unemployment) due to disparities in social security and labour market. We aimed to investigate concurrent trajectories of regions and SWL among Swedish twins.

Methods
National register data were used for the degree of SWL in each year, old-age pension, emigration, death and residential regions classified in three categories (cities; towns and suburbs; or rural areas) of Swedish twins in 1998–2016 (n = 80 398). Group-based multi-trajectory modelling and multinomial regression for relative risks with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.

Results
The six-group solution had the best fit to data with trajectories: stable living in towns and suburbs with SWL (33.8%); stable living in cities with SWL (22.1%); stable living in towns and suburbs with increasing SWL (13.9%); stable living in towns and suburbs with lack of SWL (13.2%); stable living towns and suburbs with decreasing SWL (8.8%); and stable living towns and suburbs with decreasing and ultimately lack of SWL (8.3%). Age and being woman increased and being married and higher education decreased the likelihood of belonging to groups 2–6 (vs. 1).

Conclusions
The simultaneous assessment of trajectories of three residential regions and SWL indicated that most people in Sweden seem to live continuously over time in towns and suburbs, but the degree of SWL may vary. More fine-grained assessment of residential regions would be needed to clarify the associations with SWL.
The living forms of Microcoleus vaginatus and their contributions to the aggregate structure of biocrusts
Authors: Xiao Jingshang , Lan Shubin , Farías María E , Qian Long , Xia Ling , Song Shaoxian , Wu Li 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Microcoleus vaginatus has been regarded as the important contributor for biocrust formation and ecological services. However, little is known about its living forms in biocrusts, and whether the living form is related to biocrust structure. Therefore, in this study, natural biocrusts collected from the Gurbantunggut Desert were divided into different aggregate/grain fractions, aiming at investigating the living forms of M. vaginatus in biocrusts at fine scale, and exploring its roles in aggregate structure and ecological functions of biocrusts. The results showed that two distinct living forms of M. vaginatus had been identified from the biocrusts. The non-bundling M. vaginatus was mainly distributed in the fractions of &gt; 0.5 mm, forming aggregate structure by cementing sand particles firmly; while the bundling M. vaginatus, distributed mainly among the free sand particles with diameter &lt; 0.5 mm, and easily migrated up to biocrust surface after hydration. Furthermore, the aggregate structure formed by non-bundling M. vaginatus supported a higher biomass, nutrient contents, and enzyme activities. Altogether, our results suggest that the strong migrating ability of bundling M. vaginatus contributes to the environmental adaptation and light resource acquirement, while non-bundling M. vaginatus acts as the constructor of the aggregate structure in biocrusts.
Experiences with information blocking in the United States: a national survey of hospitals
Authors: Everson Jordan , Healy Daniel , Patel Vaishali 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
The 21st Century Cures Act Final Rule’s information blocking provisions, which prohibited practices likely to interfere with, prevent, or materially discourage access, exchange, or use of electronic health information (EHI), began to apply to a limited set of data elements in April 2021 and expanded to all EHI in October 2022. We sought to describe hospital leaders’ perceptions of the prevalence of practices that may constitute information blocking, by actor and hospital characteristics, following the rule’s applicability date.

Materials and Methods
Cross-sectional analysis of a national survey of hospitals fielded in 2021. The analytic sample included 2092 nonfederal acute care hospitals in the United States. We present descriptive statistics on the perception of the prevalence of information blocking and results of multivariate regression models examining the association between hospital, health information technology (IT) developer and market characteristics and the perception of information blocking.

Results
Overall, 42% of hospitals reported observing some behavior they perceived to be information blocking. Thirty-six percent of responding hospitals perceived that healthcare providers either sometimes or often engaged in practices that may constitute information blocking, while 17% and 19% perceived that health IT developers (such as EHR developers) and State, regional and/or local health information exchanges did the same, respectively. Prevalence varied by health IT developer market share, hospital for-profit status, and health system market share.

Conclusions and Relevance
These results support the value of efforts to further reduce friction in the exchange of EHI and support the need for continued observation to provide a sense of the prevalence of information blocking practices and for education and awareness of information blocking regulations.
Laboratory evaluation of the life history of hibiscus mealybug,Nipaecocus viridis(Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), on selected citrus and potential non-citrus hosts in Florida
Authors: Olabiyi David , Stelinski Lukasz L , Diepenbrock Lauren M 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an emerging invasive pest of citrus. There is no information on the life history of N. viridis in relation to citrus cultivars produced in Florida. Here, we quantified the life-history parameters of N. viridis on 6 citrus and 3 non-citrus host plant species under laboratory conditions. We also investigated the effect of mode of reproduction (sexual vs. parthenogenic) on the fecundity of N. viridis. Nipaecoccus viridis was able to develop to maturity and reproduce on all host plant taxa tested. The individual host plants affected the developmental and survival rate, adult longevity, and offspring production of N. viridis. All citrus genotypes commercially grown in Florida were susceptible to N. viridis, with the exception of Citrus aurantium L., which suggests that there is need for management of this invasive pest in Florida citrus groves. Murraya paniculata L., Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., and Punica granatum L. were also acceptable hosts for N. viridis. Sexually reproducing female N. viridis produced significantly more eggs than those reproducing asexually. Based on our results, propagation of M. paniculata and other citrus relatives should be discouraged around citrus groves in Florida. Given the fitness benefit of sexual reproduction in this pest, pheromone-based tools like mating disruption and mass trapping of adult males could be considered as part of an integrated pest management program with insecticides.
Passive collection of ticks in New Hampshire reveals species-specific patterns of distribution and activity
Authors: Fernández-Ruiz Natalia , Estrada-Peña Agustín , McElroy Sharon , Morse Kaitlyn 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTicks and tick-borne diseases are increasing in the United States, including New Hampshire (NH). We report on the findings of an ongoing free crowdsourcing program spanning four years within NH. The date of tick’s submission was recorded along with species, sex, stage, location they were collected (translated into latitude and longitude), the activity the individual was doing when the tick was found, and host species. A total of 14,252 ticks belonging to subclass Acari, family Ixodidae and genera Ixodes, Dermacentor, Amblyomma, and Haemaphysalis was recorded from the period 2018–2021 throughout NH. A total of 2,787 Ixodes scapularis and 1,041 Dermacentor variabilis, were tested for the presence of Borrelia sp. (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae), B. burgdorferi sensu lato, B. miyamotoi, B. mayonii, Babesia microti (Piroplasmida: Babesiidae), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), Francisella tularensis (Thiotrichales: Francisellaceae), and Rickettsia rickettsii (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) by PCR. For the I. scapularis ticks tested, the pathogen prevalence was 37% B. burgdorferi s.l. 1% B. miyamotoi, 6% A. phagocytophilum, and 5% Ba. microti. Only one D. variabilis resulted positive to F. tularensis. We created state-wide maps informing the differences of ticks as detailed by administrative divisions. Dermacentor variabilis peaked in June and I. scapularis peaked in May and October. The most reported activity by people with tick encounters was while walking/hiking, and the least was biking. Using the reported distribution of both species of ticks, we modeled their climate suitability in the target territory. In NH, I. scapularis and D. variabilis have distinct patterns of emergence, abundance, and distribution. Tick prevention is important especially during April–August when both tick species are abundant and active.
Evidence of Uranotaenia sapphirina (Diptera: Culicidae) feeding on annelid worms in the Northeastern United States
Authors: Khalil Noelle , Shepard John J , Foss Kimberly , Molaei Goudarz 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Mosquito host-feeding behavior is an important parameter for determining the vector potential of mosquito species in a given locale. Despite the recent discovery of Uranotaenia sapphirina Osten Sacken feeding on annelid hosts in Florida, host association studies for this mosquito species in the United States remain limited. To investigate the blood-feeding pattern of Ur. sapphirina in the northeastern United States, mosquitoes were collected from Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New Jersey using CDC miniature light traps, peat fiber resting boxes, gravid traps, and backpack aspirators. Vertebrate and invertebrate hosts of this mosquito species were identified through PCR amplification and nucleotide sequencing of portions of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and the 28S ribosomal RNA gene, respectively. Of 21 (24.7%) specimens successfully identified to host species, 47.6% contained solely annelid blood, 14.3% mammalian blood, 14.3% avian blood, and 23.8% with mixed blood of annelid and avian origin. The mud earthworm, Sparganophilus tennesseensis Reynolds (Haplotaxida: Sparganophilidae), was identified as the most common host (n = 14, including mixed bloods), followed by American robin, Turdus migratorius (n = 7, including mixed bloods). Testing of these blood engorged mosquitoes for West Nile virus and eastern equine encephalitis virus did not result in any positive specimens. This is the first report of Ur. sapphirina feeding on annelids and on both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts in mixed bloodmeals in the northeastern United States. Our findings support the recent report of Ur. sapphirina feeding on invertebrates and further emphasizes the inclination of some mosquito species to feed on a wider range of hosts spanning nontraditional taxonomic groups.
Optimizing Data Collection Interventions to Balance Cost and Quality in a Sequential Multimode Survey
Authors: Coffey Stephanie M , Elliott Michael R 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
High-quality survey data collection is getting more expensive to conduct because of decreasing response rates and rising data collection costs. Responsive and adaptive designs have emerged as a framework for targeting and reallocating resources during the data collection period to improve survey data collection efficiency. Here, we report on the implementation and evaluation of a responsive design experiment in the National Survey of College Graduates that optimizes the cost-quality tradeoff by minimizing a function of data collection costs and the root mean squared error of a key survey measure, self-reported salary. We used a Bayesian framework to incorporate prior information and generate predictions of estimated response propensity, self-reported salary, and data collection costs for use in our optimization rule. At three points during the data collection process, we implement the optimization rule and identify cases for which reduced effort would have minimal effect on the mean squared error (RMSE) of mean self-reported salary while allowing us to reduce data collection costs. We find that this optimization process allowed us to reduce data collection costs by nearly 10 percent, without a statistically or practically significant increase in the RMSE of mean salary or a decrease in the unweighted response rate. This experiment demonstrates the potential for these types of designs to more effectively target data collection resources to reach survey quality goals.
Analysis of metallicities of open clusters in the Galactic disc
Authors: Deng Yangyang , Li Zhongmu 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The metallicities of open clusters (OCs) are probes for many Galactic disc properties, such as age-metallicity relation and abundance gradient evolution. In recent years, a large number of newly found OCs or OC candidates have been reported. However, the metallicity values of OCs in the Galactic disc in different works vary from each other. In particular, the cluster metallicities in our previous work (hereafter LISC I), which are determined from Gaia’s photometric data, are obviously smaller than most other catalogues. This work aims to investigate the metallicities of Galactic disc OCs in LISC I. We redetermine the mean metallicities of 79 OCs using the spectroscopic data of Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope DR8 and get obvious discrepancies between the two works. The causes of the difference are studied by using two different isochrones and uncertainties in colour-magnitude diagram fitting process. We find that the evolutionary models adopted and, to a lesser extent, the fitting methods are mainly responsible for the discrepant values of LISC I metallicities. We also propose a linear relationship to correct for the LISC I metallicity, which should only be used to provide more reliable [Fe/H] values in the absence of spectroscopic determinations.
Surface pressure impact on nitrogen-dominated USP super-Earth atmospheres
Authors: Chouqar J , Lustig-Yaeger J , Benkhaldoun Z , Szentgyorgyi A , Jabiri A , Soubkiou A 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we compare the chemistry and the emission spectra of nitrogen-dominated cool, warm, and hot ultra-short-period (USP) super-Earth atmospheres in and out of chemical equilibrium at various surface pressure scenarios ranging from 10−1 to 10 bar. We link the one-dimensional vulcan chemical kinetic code, in which thermochemical kinetic and vertical transport and photochemistry are taken into account, to the one-dimensional radiative transfer model, petitradtrans, to predict the emission spectra of these planets. The radiative–convective temperature–pressure profiles were computed with the helios code. Then, using pandexo noise simulator, we explore the observability of the differences produced by disequilibrium processes with the JWST. Our grids show how different surface pressures can significantly affect the temperature profiles, the atmospheric abundances, and consequently the emission spectra of these planets. We find that the divergences due to disequilibrium processes would be possible to observe in cooler planets by targeting HCN, C2H4, and CO, and in warmer planets by targeting CH4 with HCN, using the NIRSpec and MIRI LRS JWST instruments. These species are also found to be sensitive indicators of the existence of surfaces on nitrogen-dominated USP super-Earths, providing information regarding the thickness of these atmospheres.