bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of macrosomia on cardiometabolic health in preteens: findings from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study
Authors: Callanan Sophie , Killeen Sarah Louise , Delahunt Anna , Cooney Nessa , Cushion Rosemary , McKenna Malachi J. , Crowley Rachel K. , Twomey Patrick J. , Kilbane Mark T. , McDonnell Ciara M. , Phillips Catherine M. , Cody Declan , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Macrosomia (birthweight ≥ 4 kg or ≥ 4.5 kg) is strongly associated with a predisposition to childhood obesity, which in turn is linked with adverse cardiometabolic health. Despite this, there is a lack of longitudinal investigation on the impact of high birthweight on cardiometabolic outcomes in youth. The preteen period represents an important window of opportunity to further explore this link, to potentially prevent cardiometabolic profiles worsening during puberty.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of 9–11-year-olds (n = 405) born to mothers in the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study, who previously delivered an infant with macrosomia. Preteens were dichotomised into those born with and without macrosomia, using two common cut-off criteria (birthweight ≥ 4 kg (n = 208) and < 4 kg; ≥ 4.5 kg (n = 65) and < 4.5 kg). Cardiometabolic health was assessed using anthropometry, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, blood pressure, heart rate, cardiorespiratory endurance (20-m shuttle run test), and non-fasting serum biomarkers for a subgroup (n = 213). Statistical comparisons between the two groups were explored using independent t-tests, Mann–Whitney U tests, and Chi-square tests. Crude and adjusted linear regression models investigated associations between macrosomia and preteen cardiometabolic outcomes.

Results
In total, 29.3% (n = 119) of preteens had overweight/obesity based on their BMI z-score. Preteens born ≥ 4 kg had lower median (IQR) C3 concentrations (1.38 (1.22, 1.52) g/L vs. 1.4 (1.26, 1.6) g/L, p = 0.043) and lower median (IQR) ICAM-1 concentrations (345.39 (290.34, 394.91) ng/mL vs. 387.44 (312.91, 441.83) ng/mL, p = 0.040), than those born < 4 kg. Those born ≥ 4.5 kg had higher mean (SD) BMI z-scores (0.71 (0.99) vs. 0.36 (1.09), p = 0.016), and higher median (IQR) lean mass (24.76 (23.28, 28.51) kg vs. 23.87 (21.9, 26.79) kg, p = 0.021), than those born < 4.5 kg. Adjusted linear regression analyses revealed birthweight ≥ 4 kg was negatively associated with C3 concentration (g/L) (B = − 0.095, 95% CI = − 0.162, − 0.029, p = 0.005) and birthweight ≥ 4.5 kg was positively associated with weight z-score (B = 0.325, 95% CI = 0.018, 0.633, p = 0.038), height z-score (B = 0.391, 95% CI = 0.079, 0.703, p = 0.014), lean mass (kg) (B = 1.353, 95% CI = 0.264, 2.442, p = 0.015) and cardiorespiratory endurance (B = 0.407, 95% CI = 0.006, 0.808, p = 0.047).

Conclusion
This study found no strong evidence to suggest that macrosomia is associated with adverse preteen cardiometabolic health. Macrosomia alone may not be a long-term cardiometabolic risk factor.
Trial registration ISRCTN54392969 registered at www.isrctn.com.
Patterns in fish naming ability in two fishing communities of Myanmar
Authors: Si Aung , Kyawphyo Aung 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
To date, there is little reliable information on the fish names used by two fishing communities of Myanmar, namely Intha (Inle Lake) and Rakhine (Bay of Bengal). Moreover, there have been no systematic studies on the distribution of fish-related traditional knowledge in these two communities. As there can be high levels of intra-community variation in traditional ecological knowledge, it is important to investigate this variation along the lines of key social variables.

Methods
Fieldwork was carried out in both communities and involved the presentation of visual stimuli (colour pictures of locally relevant fish species) to respondents, and asking for a name in the local language. The stimuli consisted of 43 and 218 fish species for Intha and Rakhine, respectively. The responses were analysed in terms of respondent age and occupation for both communities, plus village location for Intha and gender whenever both genders were represented in a sufficiently large number in the sample.

Results
Fish name lists were generated for both languages, taking into account lexical variation, as well as the number of people able to name each fish. The two communities differed markedly in the way fish knowledge was distributed. Overall, younger Intha knew fewer fish names, but there was little to no difference in fish knowledge among the Intha on the basis of occupation, location or gender. In contrast, the differences were very marked among Rakhine respondents.

Conclusions
The reduced fish knowledge of younger Intha may be ascribed to environmental disturbances that have caused many fish to go locally extinct. The otherwise homogenous distribution of fish knowledge in the Intha community may be due to the small number of species that people are required to learn. This idea needs to be tested with a larger sample of respondents. Among the Rakhine, a number of factors are responsible for the observed variation; these include a steep learning curve among younger fishermen, the difference in fish species encountered by fishermen and sellers, highly variable dietary preferences among the general populace and differing gender roles in the context of market visits. The authors are in full agreement with previous research that advocates a variationist approach to the study of traditional ecological knowledge.
Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Zhu Zirui , Liu You , Xu Hengliang , Ning Haoyong , Xia Yanmin , Shen Leilei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (C-LCNEC) has a poor prognosis and there is no consensus about the treatment regimen for both LCNEC and C-LCNEC patients.

Case presentation
The patient was a 47-year-old female who received surgical resection. The postoperative histology and staging of the tumor suggested C-LCNEC with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma and T2aN0M0 stage IB. Next-generation sequencing test showed KIF5B/RET fusion mutation without EGFR, ALK, RB1, and TP53 alterations. Adjuvant chemotherapy with 4-cycle docetaxel plus carboplatin was given and brain metastasis occurred after 10 months.

Conclusions
C-LCNEC with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma is rare and highly aggressive cancer. Surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy with SCLC regimen may improve the disease-free survival and overall survival. The accumulation of similar cases will clarify the profile and management of the disease.
Leigh syndrome global patient registry: uniting patients and researchers worldwide
Authors: Zilber Sophia , Woleben Kasey , Johnson Simon C. , de Souza Carolina Fischinger Moura , Boyce Danielle , Freiert Kevin , Boggs Courtney , Messahel Souad , Burnworth Melinda J. , Afolabi Titilola M. , Kayani Saima 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Leigh Syndrome (LS) is a rare genetic neurometabolic disorder, that leads to the degeneration of the central nervous system and subsequently, early death. LS can be caused by over 80 mutations in mitochondrial or nuclear DNA. Patient registries are important for many reasons, such as studying the natural history of the disease, improving the quality of care, and understanding the healthcare burden. For rare diseases, patient registries are significantly important as patient numbers are small, and funding is limited. Cure Mito Foundation started a global patient registry for LS in September 2021 to identify and learn about the LS patient population, facilitate clinical trial recruitment, and unite international patients and researchers. Priorities were to allow researchers and industry partners to access data at no cost through a clear and transparent process, active patient engagement, and sharing of results back to the community.

Results
Patient registry platform, survey design, data analysis process, and patient recruitment strategies are described. Reported results include demographics, diagnostic information, symptom history, loss of milestones, disease management, healthcare utilization, quality of life, and caregiver burden for 116 participants. Results show a high disease burden, but a relatively short time to diagnosis. Despite the challenges faced by families impacted by Leigh syndrome, participants, in general, are described as having a good quality of life and caregivers are overall resilient, while also reporting a significant amount of stress.

Conclusion
This registry provides a straightforward, no-cost mechanism for data sharing and contacting patients for clinical trials or research participation, which is important given the recruitment challenges for clinical trials for rare diseases. This is the first publication to present results from a global patient registry for Leigh Syndrome, with details on a variety of patient-specific and caregiver outcomes reported for the first time. Additionally, this registry is the first for any mitochondrial disease with nearly 70% of participants residing outside of the United States. Future efforts include continued publication of results and further collaboration with patients, industry partners, and researchers.
HDAC5 inhibition attenuates ventricular remodeling and cardiac dysfunction
Authors: Zhu Chenxi , Piao Zhehao , Jin Li 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the role of histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) in ventricular remodeling and explore the therapeutic potential of the HDAC5 inhibitor LMK235.

Methods
A transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mouse model and angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated H9C2 cells were used to evaluate the effects of HDAC5 inhibition with LMK235 on ventricular remodeling and cardiac dysfunction. Additionally, the involvement of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/early growth response protein 1 (EGR1) signaling pathway in regulating myocyte enhancer factor 2 A (MEF2A) expression was assessed.

Results
HDAC5 was upregulated in TAC mice and Ang II-treated H9C2 cells, suggesting its involvement in ventricular remodeling and cardiac dysfunction. LMK235 treatment significantly improved cardiac function in TAC mice and attenuated TAC-induced ventricular remodeling and Ang II-induced H9C2 cell hypertrophy. Mechanically, HDAC5 inhibition activated the ERK/EGR1 signaling pathway.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that HDAC5 may suppress the activation of ERK/EGR1 signaling to regulate MEF2A expression and therefore participate in cardiac pathophysiology.
The aftermath of war; mental health, substance use and their correlates with social support and resilience among adolescents in a post-conflict region of Sri Lanka
Authors: Dissanayake Lasith , Jabir Sameeha , Shepherd Thomas , Helliwell Toby , Selvaratnam Lavan , Jayaweera Kaushalya , Abeysinghe Nihal , Mallen Christian , Sumathipala Athula 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Armed conflicts impact on the health and well-being of everyone, but its effect on adolescent mental health is a significant, yet under-explored area in global health. Mental health disorders which develop during adolescence often lead to behavioural problems, risky decision-making, under-age substance use and can adversely impact on educational attainment. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders, substance use and their correlates with social support and resilience among adolescents (age 12–19 years) in Vavuniya; a post-conflict region of Sri Lanka.

Methods
A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted, with a modified cluster sampling method used for participant selection. Eight culturally adapted instruments were used for data collection. A total of 585 adolescents participated in the study. Analyses were performed using SPSS Version 23 statistical software package. All statistical tests were two-sided (p < 0.05) and p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Chi-square tests were used to explore associations between variables of interest. Spearman rank order correlation was used to examine correlations among depression, hopelessness, quality of life, social support, and resilience.

Results
The mean age of participants was 15.02 (± 2.13) years. Ninety-one (15.6%) participants reported being exposed to one or more war-related events, and 85 (93.4%) participants in this group reported being internally displaced due to war. Fifty-two (8.9%) had dropped out of school and the prevalence of depression (3.9%) and substance use (7%) were low. Correlational analyses revealed that depression and hopelessness were significantly negatively correlated with social support, resilience, and quality of life (p < 0.01). Linear regression analysis suggested that 40% of the variance in resilience of the participants can be explained by perceived social support.

Conclusion
The low prevalence of hopelessness and depression highlights the resilience of this group in the face of adversity. Furthermore, significant negative correlations between hopelessness and depression with perceived social support and resilience suggest that social support and resilience could be protective factors against mental health issues in these adolescents. However, the prevalence of school dropouts calls for a focus on academic attainment to promote better educational outcomes in the adolescents of this conflict-affected region.
Longitudinal Covid-19 effects on child mental health: vulnerability and age dependent trajectories
Authors: Larsen Linda , Schauber Stefan Kilian , Holt Tonje , Helland Maren Sand 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Few longitudinal studies have investigated the extended long-term impact of the Covid-19 pandemic for children’s and adolescents’ mental health, and a lack of uniform findings suggest heterogeneity in the impact of the pandemic.

Methods
This study investigated child and adolescent mental health symptoms across four occasions (pre-pandemic, initial lockdown, second lockdown, and society post reopening) using data from the Dynamics of Family Conflict study. Child and adolescent depressive vulnerability, age, and sex were explored as trajectory moderators. Children and adolescents (N = 381, Mage = 13.65, SD = 1.74) self-reported their anxiety, depression, and externalizing symptoms. Mixed effects analyses were performed to investigate trajectories across measurement occasions and interaction terms between occasion and moderator variables were included to better understand the heterogeneity in the impact of the pandemic.

Results
Children and adolescents reported increases in anxiety symptoms at the second lockdown (t(523) = −3.66, p < .01) and when society had reopened (t(522) = −4.90, p < .001). An increase in depression symptoms was seen when society had reopened relative to the three previous measurement occasions (ps < 0.01). Depressive vulnerability moderated the trajectory for anxiety symptoms (F(3,498) = 3.05, p = .028), while age moderated the trajectory for depression symptoms (F(3,532) = 2.97, p = .031).

Conclusion
The delayed and negative impact on children’s and adolescents’ mental health underscores the need for continued monitoring, and implementation of support systems to help and mitigate further deterioration.
Deubiquitylase YOD1 regulates CDK1 stability and drives triple-negative breast cancer tumorigenesis
Authors: Han Zhitao , Jia Qi , Zhang Jing , Chen Miaomiao , Wang Lining , Tong Kai , He Weiwei , Zhang Yajie , Zhu Weina , Qin Ju , Wang Tao , Liu Tielong , Ma Yong , Chen Yuanming , Zha Siluo , Zhang Chunlei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that aberrant expression of deubiquitinating enzymes is associated with the initiation and progression of Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The publicly available TCGA database of breast cancer data was used to analyze the OTUD deubiquitinating family members that were correlated with survival of breast cancer and ovarian tumor domain-containing 2 (OTUD-2), or YOD1 was identified. The aim of present study was to assess YOD1 expression and function in human TNBC and then explored the underlying molecular events.

Methods
We detected the expression of YOD1 in 32 TNBC and 44 NTNBC samples by qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Manipulation of YOD1 expression was assessed in vitro and in vivo for TNBC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell-cycle and drug resistance, using colony formation assay, transwell assay, CCK8 assay, TUNEL assay, flow cytometric analysis and xenograft tumor assay. Next, proteomic analysis, Western blot, proximity ligation assay, Immunoprecipitation, and Immunofluorescence were conducted to assess downstream targets.

Results
It was found that YOD1 was significantly upregulated in TNBC tissues compared with non-triple-negative breast cancer (NTNBC), which was positively correlated with poor survival in TNBC patients. Knockdown of YOD1 effectively inhibited TNBC cell migration, proliferation, cell cycle and resistance to cisplatin and paclitaxel. Mechanistically, YOD1 promoted TNBC progression in a manner dependent on its catalytic activity through binding with CDK1, leading to de-polyubiquitylation of CDK1 and upregulation of CDK1 expression. In addition, YOD1 overexpression was found to be correlated with CDK1 overexpression in human TNBC specimens. Finally, in vivo study demonstrated that YOD1 knockdown or YOD1 inhibitor could inhibit CDK1 expression and suppress the growth and metastasis of TNBC tumors.

Conclusion
Our study highlights that YOD1 functions as an oncogene in TNBC via binding to CDK1 and mediated its stability and oncogenic activity. Interfering with YOD1 expression or YOD1 inhibitor could suppress TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that YOD1 may prove to be a promising therapeutic target for TNBC.
ERCC6L facilitates the onset of mammary neoplasia and promotes the high malignance of breast cancer by accelerating the cell cycle
Authors: Yang Hong , Zhen Xiangjin , Yang Yihui , Zhang Yizhi , Zhang Sen , Hao Yue , Du Guanhua , Wang Hongquan , Zhang Bailin , Li Wan , Wang Jinhua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of morbidity and the second leading cause of death among female malignant tumors. Although available drugs have been approved for the corresponding breast cancer subtypes (ER-positive, HER2+) currently, there are still no effective targeted drugs or treatment strategies for metastatic breast cancer or triple-negative breast cancer that lack targets. Therefore, it is urgent to discover new potential targets. ERCC6L is an essential protein involved in chromosome separation during cell mitosis. However, the effect of ERCC6L on the tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer is unclear.

Methods and results
Here, we found that ERCC6L was highly expressed in breast cancer, especially in TNBC, which was closely related to poor outcomes of patients. An ERCC6L conditional knockout mouse model was first established in this study, and the results confirmed that ERCC6L was required for the development of the mammary gland and the tumorigenesis and progression of mammary gland cancers. In in vitro cell culture, ERCC6L acted as a tumor promoter in the malignant progression of breast cancer cells. Overexpression of ERCC6L promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while knockdown of ERCC6L caused the opposite results. Mechanistically, ERCC6L accelerated the cell cycle by regulating the G2/M checkpoint signalling pathway. Additionally, we demonstrated that there is an interaction between ERCC6L and KIF4A, both of which are closely related factors in mitosis and are involved in the malignant progression of breast cancer.

Conclusions
We first demonstrated that ERCC6L deficiency can significantly inhibit the occurrence and development of mammary gland tumors. ERCC6L was found to accelerate the cell cycle by regulating the p53/p21/CDK1/Cyclin B and PLK/CDC25C/CDK1/Cyclin B signalling pathways, thereby promoting the malignant progression of breast cancer cell lines. There was a direct interaction between KIF4A and ERCC6L, and both are closely associated with mitosis and contribute to growth and metastasis of breast tumor. To sum up, our results suggest that ERCC6L may be used as a promising target for the treatment of BC.
Exploring use of coercion in the Norwegian ambulance service – a qualitative study
Authors: Thorvaldsen Nina Oeye , Husum Tonje Lossius , Sollid Stephen J.M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Healthcare laws allow for exceptions from the consent requirement when patients are not competent to consent or pose a danger to themselves or others. In these cases, the use of coercion may be an alternative to voluntary health care. Ambulance personnel are regularly confronted with patients who need healthcare but refuse it and/or refuse to cooperate. This study aimed to explore ambulance personnel`s experience with use of coercion and factors influencing the use of coercion in the ambulance service in Norway.

Method
We conducted two focus group interviews with a total of eight informants, all ambulance personnel from a large Norwegian ambulance service. Digital recordings of the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using systematic text condensation.

Results
The informants` stories revealed several methods of coercion used by the ambulance personnel; physical coercion, pragmatic coercion, pharmacological coercion and coercion used to ensure the patient is secured during transportation. The main reasons for using coercion were preventing patients from harming themselves or others and to ensure that patients unable to consent receive healthcare considered necessary. Systemic factors as difficulty of applying the law to real-life situations, and organizational factors as fear of breaching guidelines, experienced lack of support from the management, fear of charges of misconduct, and lack of training in assessing patients´ competence to consent seem to influence ambulance personnels use of coercion.

Conclusion
Ethical grey areas in clinical practice emphasize the need for clinical discretion. Despite the fact that regulatory provisions allow for exceptions from the requirement to obtain consent, transferring these regulations to real life prehospital settings can be difficult. Consequently, the decisions made by ambulance personnel in clinical situations are highly influenced by organizational ethos and guidelines. The informants describe the coercive interventions they have employed to manage patients who are deemed to require healthcare but refuse it and/or refuse to cooperate.