bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of the association between intrasynovial corticosteroid use and laminitis—What is the evidence?
Authors: Tokawa Paula Keiko Anadão , Baccarin Raquel Yvonne Arantes , Zanotto Gustavo 
Published: January 2023

SummaryAnecdotal information has linked the clinical administration of intrasynovial corticosteroids with the development of laminitis in horses. This systematic review aims to compile and evaluate the level of current evidence from published works investigating this issue. A systematic search in PubMed, CAB Direct and Web of Science databases was conducted in February 2022. Studies were included if designed as experimental in vivo in horses, case series, observational cohorts (retrospective or prospective—with/without control group) or randomised clinical trials. A total of 237 studies were generated from the systematic search and after applying inclusion criteria, four were selected: two were designed as retrospective cohort studies, one included a retrospective and a prospective investigation, and the last one was a case series. Studies usually had a high risk of bias, and some also presented weaknesses such as a lack of controls or insufficient information (corticosteroid dose and treatment/follow‐up period). Reported incidence of laminitis following corticosteroid intrasynovial application was low, similar to controls, when these were included. The small number of articles that fitted the inclusion criteria of this systematic review highlights the lack of high‐quality evidence to draw conclusions. Current scientific information, mainly at a high risk of bias, suggests that there is no association between intrasynovial corticosteroid injection and laminitis in horses without concurrent risk factors.
High aquatic macrophyte diversity in Norwegian lakes north of the Arctic Circle
Authors: Mjelde Marit , Thrane Jan‐Erik , Demars Benoît O. L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Aquatic macrophytes recolonised inland waters following the last glacial retreat. The resulting diversity and the variables influencing it remain largely unexplored north of the Arctic Circle, including possible effects of past colonisation routes. Our understanding of species diversity north of the Arctic Circle has also been hampered by a lack of control in sampling effort.

Here we use a newly assembled set of lake surveys from Norway to test: (1) whether regional richness (γ diversity) as well as turnover, net gain and loss (β diversity) of species differ between bioclimatic zones, latitudinal bands, and geographical regions; (2) how the environment and the spatial structure (e.g. dispersal constraints) may predict lake species richness (α diversity); and (3) how the changes in species β diversity between lakes are related to these environmental and spatial gradients.

We expected high species turnover with longitude, net species loss with latitude and higher species richness in north‐east compared to mid Norway due to geographical dispersal barriers and past recolonisation routes. However, the regional species richness was similar across all geographical regions after correcting for sampling effort and spatial extent, with slightly lower richness in north Norway (−4%) and north‐east Norway (−11%) than expected by the species area relationship. Species β diversity (both turnover and loss) was also surprisingly low between most areas.

Species richness per lake increased with lake area and temperature, showed a preferential peak at 10 μg/L total phosphorus, was sensitive to spatial structure, and largely indifferent to calcium (or alkalinity). In contrast, β diversity (mostly turnover) increased with differences in calcium, total phosphorus, and latitude, while not responding much to temperature and lake area. Species loss and gain between lakes were hardly related to any of the selected variables.

Overall, species richness (α, γ) was higher than expected north of the Arctic Circle mostly due to species turnover with little net loss. These patterns suggested good dispersal abilities by aquatic plants, after controlling for sampling efforts and spatial extent. Conservation of aquatic plants should not be driven by the delineation of terrestrial vegetation zones, but through an understanding of the variables affecting aquatic plant diversity. Finally, northern lakes may be increasingly important as reservoirs of macrophyte diversity under global warming.
Latitudinal patterns of forest ecosystem stability across spatial scales as affected by biodiversity and environmental heterogeneity
Authors: Qiao Xuetao , Lamy Thomas , Wang Shaopeng , Hautier Yann , Geng Yan , White Hannah J. , Zhang Naili , Zhang Zhonghui , Zhang Chunyu , Zhao Xiuhai , von Gadow Klaus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOur planet is facing a variety of serious threats from climate change that are unfolding unevenly across the globe. Uncovering the spatial patterns of ecosystem stability is important for predicting the responses of ecological processes and biodiversity patterns to climate change. However, the understanding of the latitudinal pattern of ecosystem stability across scales and of the underlying ecological drivers is still very limited. Accordingly, this study examines the latitudinal patterns of ecosystem stability at the local and regional spatial scale using a natural assembly of forest metacommunities that are distributed over a large temperate forest region, considering a range of potential environmental drivers. We found that the stability of regional communities (regional stability) and asynchronous dynamics among local communities (spatial asynchrony) both decreased with increasing latitude, whereas the stability of local communities (local stability) did not. We tested a series of hypotheses that potentially drive the spatial patterns of ecosystem stability, and found that although the ecological drivers of biodiversity, climatic history, resource conditions, climatic stability, and environmental heterogeneity varied with latitude, latitudinal patterns of ecosystem stability at multiple scales were affected by biodiversity and environmental heterogeneity. In particular, α diversity is positively associated with local stability, while β diversity is positively associated with spatial asynchrony, although both relationships are weak. Our study provides the first evidence that latitudinal patterns of the temporal stability of naturally assembled forest metacommunities across scales are driven by biodiversity and environmental heterogeneity. Our findings suggest that the preservation of plant biodiversity within and between forest communities and the maintenance of heterogeneous landscapes can be crucial to buffer forest ecosystems at higher latitudes from the faster and more intense negative impacts of climate change in the future.
Debating Latin America's Cold War: A vision from the south
Authors: Ioris Rafael R. , Pettina Vanni 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe historiography on Latin America's Cold War has grown significantly in the last few years. But though the field has expanded in ways that include new perspectives, much could be gained by engaging more closely with voices from the South or works produced by scholars based in Latin America. Similarly, more nuanced analytical framings that pay closer attention to post‐World War II development, particularly in South America, would also enrich our understanding of the complex and multidimensional experiences of the Cold War in the region. We demonstrate this point by examining the works of rising Latin American scholars working on the hemispheric and international dimensions of the Latin America's Cold War, showing that this literature needs to be integrated into existing accounts.
Salivary fluoride bioavailability after use of high‐fluoride dentifrices with different compositions: A short‐term randomized clinical trial
Authors: Macena Niciane Soares , Santana Guilherme Bandeira , Carvalho Guereth Alexsanderson Oliveira , Vale Glauber Campos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the kinetics of salivary F bioavailability after the use of high‐fluoride dentifrices with different compositions and their amount of total soluble fluoride (TSF).MethodsA short‐term clinical randomized trial was performed in which 15 adult participants were randomly allocated into three groups: 5000 ppm F‐dentifrice, 5000 ppm F‐dentifrice + TCP (tri‐calcium phosphate) and 1450 ppm F‐dentifrice. Unstimulated saliva was collected at different times: baseline (before toothbrushing), immediately after brushing/water rinsing and at 5, 15 and 30 min and 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 h after brushing. The TSF in dentifrices and saliva samples was analysed using an ion‐specific electrode. For statistical analysis, the paired t‐test and Kruskal–Wallis were used with Dunn's post‐test with a 95% confidence interval.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the declared TSF and that found in 5000 ppm F‐dentifrice and 1450 ppm F‐dentifrice (p ≥ 0.13); however, in the 5000 ppm F‐dentifrice + TCP, approximately 500 ppm less TSF was observed (p = 0.0024). The area under the curve (AUC, μg F/ml min−1) of both high‐fluoride dentifrices (321.7 ± 84.0 and 223.6 ± 55.1 for the one without and with TCP, respectively) was higher than the conventional one (89.97 ± 15.6) attesting a higher F‐bioavailability (p = 0.04). Furthermore, they were able to provide F‐salivary levels higher than the baseline for up to 2 h, while this time was 1 h for the 1450 ppm F‐dentifrice (p ≤ 0.003).ConclusionBoth high‐fluoride dentifrices similarly increased the salivary‐F bioavailability in comparison with 1450 ppm F‐dentifrice, despite the lower TSF presented by the dentifrice containing TCP.
Effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on oral health of Korean adolescents
Authors: Jung Eun‐Ha , Min Ji‐Hyun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the effect of the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic on Korean adolescents' oral health and identify the influential factors.MethodsThe raw data from The Korea Youth Risk Behaviour Web‐based Survey before (2019) and after (2020) the outbreak of COVID‐19 were used in the study. Demographic characteristics and subjective general, mental, and oral health were analysed and compared between the 2 years. Further, the impact of changes in subjective mental health and the duration of indoor activity on oral health were analysed. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics, and all statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. The analysis was performed using the complex sample analysis module.ResultsIn 2020, compared with 2019, the proportion of adolescents who rated high on subjective academic performance, smoking, and drinking decreased (p < 0.001). However, there was no difference in the household economic status between 2020 and 2019 (p = 0.917), while subjective mental health improved. In addition, the risk of tooth fracture was 1.321 times higher after the pandemic. After the outbreak of COVID‐19, adolescents who were indoors for >24 h for non‐learning activities on weekends were 2.97 times more likely to have reported gingival pain and bleeding (p < 0.05).ConclusionsAfter the outbreak of COVID‐19, smoking and drinking decreased in Korean adolescents, while changes occurred in their learning patterns at home, and their mental health improved. Some oral symptoms increased or showed no change.
Experiences of racism and perinatal depression: Findings from the pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system, 2018
Authors: Bower Kelly M. , Geller Ruth J. , Jeffers Noelene , McDonald Maria , Alhusen Jeanne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo estimate the association between feeling upset by experiences of racism and self‐reported depression during pregnancy among non‐Hispanic Black women using a large population‐based sample from the United States.DesignWe conducted a secondary analysis of nationally representative cross‐sectional survey data with retrospective measures.MethodsAnalysis of Phase 8 (2018) data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey included 7328 non‐Hispanic Black respondents with a recent live birth from 11 states and New York City. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between self‐report of feeling upset due to experience of racism during the year prior to delivery and self‐reported depression during pregnancy, controlling for potential confounders.ResultsThe prevalence of feeling upset due to experiences of racism was 11.4% and the prevalence of depression during pregnancy was 11.4%. Respondents who reported feeling upset due to the experience of racism had over two‐fold higher odds (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.67, 3.37) of experiencing depression during pregnancy compared to respondents who did not report feeling upset due to the experience of racism, adjusted for maternal age, educational attainment, marital status, pre‐pregnancy insurance type, region, and pre‐pregnancy depression.ConclusionRespondents who felt upset due to the experience of racism in the year prior to delivery experienced significantly higher odds of depression during pregnancy, and thus are at an increased risk for adverse maternal outcomes.ImpactStress from racism and racial discrimination during the perinatal period may contribute to maternal morbidity, including perinatal depression, among Black women.No Patient or Public ContributionThe data in this study were collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. To our knowledge, the conduct of the study did not include patient or public contribution. Neither did the analysis, interpretation, nor manuscript preparation include patient or public contribution because we did not have funding to support the study or their involvement.
Marginal and internal fit of five‐unit zirconia‐based fixed dental prostheses fabricated with digital scans and conventional impressions: A comparative in vitro study
Authors: Bandiaky Octave Nadile , Clouet Roselyne , Le Bars Pierre , Soueidan Assem , Le Guehennec Laurent 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to compare the marginal and internal fit of five‐unit zirconia‐based fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) fabricated using digital scans and conventional impressions.Materials and methodsNine master models with three zirconia abutments were scanned with an intraoral scanner (test group), and nine conventional impressions (control group) of these same models were also made. The stone casts from these impressions were scanned with a laboratory extraoral scanner (D700, 3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). A total of 18 five‐unit zirconia‐based FDP frameworks (test group, n = 9; control group, n = 9) were manufactured. Marginal and internal fit (in μm) were evaluated using the replica method under micro‐computed tomography. Analysis of variance (one‐way ANOVA) and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to compare continuous variables across two groups. A level of p < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.ResultsThe mean ± standard deviation of the marginal fit was 95.03 ± 12.74 μm in the test group and 106.02 ± 14.51 μm in the control group. The lowest marginal mean value was observed in the test group, with a statistically significant difference compared to the control group (F = 14.56, p < 0.05). The mean ± standard deviation of the internal fit was 103.61 ± 9.32 and 106.38 ± 7.64 μm, respectively, in the test and control groups, with no statistically significant difference (F = 1.56, p > 0.05). The mean values of both groups were clinically acceptable.ConclusionsThe five‐unit zirconia‐based FDPs fabricated with digital scans showed better fit than those in the conventional impression group. Within the limitations of this study, these results are encouraging, and continued progress in the digital field should allow for more accurate long‐span restorations.
Factors affecting flexural strength of 3D‐printed resins: A systematic review
Authors: Gad Mohammed M. , Fouda Shaimaa M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeThe strength of 3D‐printed resins is affected by different factors, but review articles clarifying these factors are limited. This review lists the factors affecting the strength of 3D‐printed resins and the possible correlations between them to answer the study question: What are the factors affecting the flexural strength of 3D‐printed resins?MethodsA database search (PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus) was performed, limited to English‐language publications between 2010 and February 1, 2022. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used for study selection. The modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist was used to determine the risk of bias of the included studies in this review. The data analysis was descriptive due to the presence of many variables in the included studies.ResultsOut of 123 studies, 26 were reviewed for full‐text analysis, and 19 met the inclusion criteria and were thus included in this systematic review. The included studies were divided according to the investigated resin: 5 studies tested provisional restorations, seven tested denture base resins, 2 tested occlusal devices, 3 tested orthodontic appliances, 1 tested denture teeth, and 1 tested surgical guide resins. These studies investigated the flexural strength of 3D‐printed resins, with different factors, such as reinforcement with fillers or nanofillers; printing orientation, angulation, and directions; post‐polymerization time and temperature; third‐party printing (switching between printers and materials); printing layer thickness; and post‐printing rinsing time. Most factors significantly affected the flexural strength of 3D‐printed resin.ConclusionsThe strength of 3D‐printed resins could be improved with one or more of the following factors: filler or nanofiller addition; printing orientation, angulation, or directions; printing layer thickness; and post‐polymerization time and temperature. However, further studies combining these factors are recommended.
SCN9A variant in a family of mixed breed dogs with congenital insensitivity to pain
Authors: Gutierrez‐Quintana Rodrigo , Christen Matthias , Faller Kiterie M. E. , Guevar Julien , Jagannathan Vidhya , Leeb Tosso 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCongenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSANs) are a rare group of genetic disorders causing inability to feel pain. Three different associated variants have been identified in dogs: 1 in Border Collies, 1 in mixed breed dogs, and 1 in Spaniels and Pointers.ObjectivesTo clinically and genetically characterize CIP in a family of mixed breed dogs.AnimalsTwo mixed breed dogs from the same litter were independently presented: 1 for evaluation of painless fractures, and the other for chronic thermal skin injuries.MethodsPhysical, neurological, and histopathological evaluations were performed. Whole genome sequencing of 1 affected dog was used to identify homozygous protein‐changing variants that were not present in 926 control genomes from diverse dog breeds.ResultsPhysical and neurological examinations showed the absence of superficial and deep pain perception in the entire body. Histopathological evaluations of the brain, spinal cord and sensory ganglia were normal. Whole genome sequencing identified a homozygous missense variant in SCN9A, XM_038584713.1:c.2761C>T or XP_038440641.1:(p.Arg921Cys). Both affected dogs were homozygous for the mutant allele, which was not detected in 926 dogs of different breeds.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceWe confirmed the diagnosis of CIP in a family of mixed breed dogs and identified a likely pathogenic variant in the SCN9A gene. The clinical signs observed in these dogs mimic those reported in humans with pathogenic SCN9A variants causing CIP. This report is the first of a spontaneous pathogenic SCN9A variant in domestic animals.
Elongation factor 1 is a component of the Arabidopsis RNA polymerase II elongation complex and associates with a subset of transcribed genes
Authors: Markusch Hanna , Michl‐Holzinger Philipp , Obermeyer Simon , Thorbecke Claudia , Bruckmann Astrid , Babl Sabrina , Längst Gernot , Osakabe Akihisa , Berger Frédéric , Grasser Klaus D. 
Published: January 2023

Summary

Elongation factors modulate the efficiency of mRNA synthesis by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) in the context of chromatin, thus contributing to implement proper gene expression programmes. The zinc‐finger protein elongation factor 1 (ELF1) is a conserved transcript elongation factor (TEF), whose molecular function so far has not been studied in plants.

Using biochemical approaches, we examined the interaction of Arabidopsis ELF1 with DNA and histones in vitro and with the RNAPII elongation complex in vivo. In addition, cytological assays demonstrated the nuclear localisation of the protein, and by means of double‐mutant analyses, interplay with genes encoding other elongation factors was explored. The genome‐wide distribution of ELF1 was addressed by chromatin immunoprecipitation.

ELF1 isolated from Arabidopsis cells robustly copurified with RNAPII and various other elongation factors including SPT4‐SPT5, SPT6, IWS1, FACT and PAF1C. Analysis of a CRISPR‐Cas9‐mediated gene editing mutant of ELF1 revealed distinct genetic interactions with mutants deficient in other elongation factors. Moreover, ELF1 associated with genomic regions actively transcribed by RNAPII. However, ELF1 occupied only c. 33% of the RNAPII transcribed loci with preference for inducible rather than constitutively expressed genes.

Collectively, these results establish that Arabidopsis ELF1 shares several characteristic attributes with RNAPII TEFs.
Treatment of Class II malocclusion with anterior open bite and posterior crossbite with the aid of mini‐implants in a patient with Down syndrome: Clinical case report
Authors: Pithon Matheus Melo , Tanaka Orlando Motohiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe report the orthodontic treatment of a class II malocclusion with anterior open bite and posterior crossbite in a patient with Down syndrome (DS) treated with mini‐implants.MethodsTreatment began with rapid maxillary expansion with a Haas appliance, followed by dental alignment and leveling with a fixed appliance and the correction of class II dental relationships with the use of orthodontic mini‐implants associated with a sliding jig.ResultsThe results obtained at the end of the treatment were satisfactory, with improvements in occlusion, including bite closure; maxillary expansion; and the correction of dental relationships.ConclusionWhen well‐planned, orthodontic treatment in a patient with DS achieves satisfactory results from a skeletal, occlusal, and facial perspective.