bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Referrals to Specialist Palliative Care and Remote Patients’ Triage – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gradalski Tomasz , Kochan Krystyna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Choosing the optimal moment for admission to palliative care remains a serious challenge, as it requires a systematic identification of persons with supportive care needs. Despite the screening tools available for referring physicians, revealing the essential information for preliminary admission triage is crucial for an undisturbed qualification process. The study was aimed at analysing the eligibility criteria for specialist palliative care disclosed within provided referrals, expanded when necessary by documentation and/or interview.
Methods
Referral forms with the documentation of 300 patients consecutively referred to the non- profit in-patient ward and home-care team in Poland were analysed in light of prognosis, phase of the disease and supportive needs.
Results
Half of the referrals had the sufficient information to make a justified preliminary qualification based solely on the delivered documentation. The majority lacked performance status or expected prognosis. Where some information was revealed, two-thirds were in a progressing phase of the disease, with a within-weeks life prognosis. In 53.7%, no particular reason for admission was given. Social problems were signalled as the only reason for the admission in 7.7%. Twenty-eight percent were labelled as “urgent”, however, 52.4% of them were triaged as “stable” or disqualified. Patients referred to a hospice ward received complete referral forms more often, containing all necessary information.
Conclusions
General physicians need practical tips to facilitate timely referrals and unburden the overloaded specialist palliative care. Dedicated referral forms extended by a checklist of typical patients’ concerns should be disseminated for better use of these resources.
All-Wood-Based Ionic Power Generation Triggered by Wastewater for Environmental Management
Authors: Zhang Kun , Li Xin , Shi Rongxiang , Yan Chenyang , Fang Zhiqiang , Zhou Songlin , Cao Rong , Tian Junfei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Water evaporation-aided electricity harvesting has gained much on significance for energy sustainability. All-bio-based hydrovoltaic materials increase the attractiveness of this strategy. Although promising, it faces a challenge due to its reliance on freshwater and its inherently low power output. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of reuse of alkaline wastewater for the first time to develop an all-wood-based water-induced electric generator (WEG) based on ion concentration gradients. The combination of evaporation-driven liquid flow and uneven distribution of electrolyte endows delignified wood with the difference of ion concentration along aligned cellulose nanochannels, thus supplying electrical power. The practice of using alkali reservoirs including industrial wastewater further contributes to electricity generation. The cubic WEG with a side length of 2 cm can produce an ultra-high open-circuit voltage of about 1.1 V, and a short-circuit current of up to 320 μA. A remarkable power output of 6.75 μW cm–2 is correspondingly realized. Series-connected WEGs can be used as an energy source for commercial electronics and self-powered systems. Our design provides a double value proposition, allowing at the same time for sustainable energy generation and wastewater reuse.
Sedimentological and geochemical characterization of the sediments in the south of Gorgan Bay
Authors: Kiani Sara , Lak Razieh , Haftani Zahra , najafiha babak , Ahmadabadi Ali 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Gorgan Bay, located southeast of the Caspian Sea, has an area of 358 km2. This bay is connected with the Caspian Sea through the Ashooradeh-Chopoqli channels. The purpose of this research is to determine the water level fluctuation of the Caspian Sea with the physical and chemical characteristics of the sediments. for this purpose, sedimentological and statistical parameters were done. So field surveys were conducted to control remote sensing observations. A sedimentary core with maximum depth of 37 cm was taken using a PVC tube. A total of 7 sediment samples from the target core and 2 surface sediment samples were collected and analyzed. Sediments were separated based on texture, type of sediments, organic matter, color, and presence of plant and shell residues. Sampling was done based on changes in the sediment type and sedimentary facies. Grain size distribution of the particles equal to or greater than sand was performed using a wet sieve shaker, while smaller particles (silt and clay) were graded by a laser particle sizer. Next, the statistical parameters of sedimentology were calculated and analyzed in the SPSS software. Elemental analysis was carried out using an Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) device in the laboratory of the Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran. The results show that sedimentation in the bay increase with a decrease in the sea level, flow intensity and energy, slope, and depth. As a coastal sedimentary basin, Gorgan Bay is highly dependent on the Caspian Sea. However, large parts of these connection channels of the bay have dried up due to the seawater level decline. As a result, the water depth at the boundary of the channels has dropped to less than 50 cm, especially in the Chopoqli channel, which today is a marshy area covered with halophytic vegetation. Fluctuations in the Caspian Sea level have affected the morphology of coastal sediments in Gorgan Bay and have led to significant changes during sea level decline. According to sedimentology, sedimentary facies, and sedimentary geochemistry studies, at least two periods of sea level rise and two periods of sea level fall were identified in the studied core.
Empirical Analysis of Public Expenditures and Income Inequality among Developing Economies
Authors: Zerihun Mulatu Fekadu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Developing economies are not immune to the inequality challenges. Inequality is one of the critical challenges affecting the livelihood in developing economies and hinders their development paths. This paper investigates the World Bank development policies in achieving income inequality in selected developing economies. To achieve this objective, three types of regressions carried out for all three income groups; pooled OLS regression, random effect and fixed effect generalized least square GLS) regressions on panel data from 1980 to 2020. Findings revealed that wide-ranging World Bank initiatives in supporting low-income countries in promoting public expenditures on education, health and R&D are key factors to address the problems associated with income inequality. In addition, the study revealed that the debt service ratio, World Bank loan, international development assistance, and foreign direct investment have no significant power to reduce inequality within the analysed countries. Consequently, the study recommends authorities of developing countries be more cautious when applying for loans or aid and also have a serious evaluation before allowing foreign investors to start a business within their respective countries.
JEL Classification: D63; F68; I24; P36
New Green Williamson Hydrophobization of Cellulose: Thermodynamic Study and Application as New Process to Elaborate the Drug Delivery System Coacervates
Authors: El-Hammi Hayat , Barkany Soufian El , Jabir Loubna , Azougagh Omar , Jilal Issam , Achalhi Nafea , Salhi Amine , Idrissi Abderrahmane El , Ouardi Youssef El , Abou-Salama Mohamed , Laatikainen Katri 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the “Dispersive Coacervation (D-Coac)” was investigated as new process to elaborate new Rosemary Essential Oil (REO) dispersion-loaded biodegradable plastic coacervates. The active principle (REO) is coated using D-Coac as a model process for designing vector systems and drug delivery matrix. The REO (~ 54%w) was wrapped in Benzyl cellulose acrylate (BCac, DSBnz~1.4 and DSAcr~0.4) coacervates, which is prepared in the dispersing aqueous phase. During the reaction, the dispersive forces "generated by the grafting reaction" disturb the hydrophilic character of the water-soluble cellulose acrylate (Cac0.4). At this stage, the hydrophobic behavior, acquired by the grafted benzylic entities, increases the BCac-affinity to the organic compounds (oily dispersed phase). Therefore, the migration of the resulting polymer chains to the EO-rich (discontinuous) micellar dispersed phase is strongly suggested. As a result, the BCac0.4 chains form "Pickering" type membranes at the biphasic micellar interface, and therefore encapsulating the AP. Experimental investigations, such as the relationship between the degree of substitution (DS) and the demixing behavior of the polymer solutions, were in good agreement with the theoretical interpretations that based on the Flory-Huggins thermodynamic theory. In addition, the results showed a high DS effect on the physicochemical properties, especially the molar Gibbs free energy of mixing.
Seismic Full Waveform Inversion Accelerated by Overlapping Data Input and Computation
Authors: Zhang Junqiu , Rao Ying 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful technology to obtain high-precision and high-resolution images of subsurface structures. However, FWI is a data-intensive algorithm that needs to read extensive seismic data from disks, which significantly affects its performance. We proposed a portable parallel framework to improve FWI by overlapping data input and computation (ODIC). The framework is based on POSIX threads (Pthreads) which is a standard thread API library and can create a parent thread and a child thread in the FWI process. The former is used to perform computation and the later to read data from disks, both running simultaneously. This framework has two attractive features. First, it is broadly applicable; it can run on almost any computer from a laptop to a supercomputer. Second, it is easy to implement; it can be readily applied to existing FWI programs. A 3D FWI example shows that the framework speeds up FWI considerably.
Using remote-sensing and citizen-science data to assess urban biodiversity for sustainable cityscapes
Authors: Ziliaskopoulos Konstantinos , Laspidou Chrysi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Urban biodiversity is an important and growing research area as cities continue to expand and human populations concentrate in urban centers. In order to effectively conserve urban biodiversity and inform future urban planning, a thorough understanding of the patterns and underlying factors affecting biodiversity is essential. However, a methodology of assessing urban biodiversity that would be replicable to different cities has been challenging, primarily due to data limitation on habitats and species in urban areas. In response to these challenges, our study implements a biodiversity analysis framework, adapted for the municipality of Athens, Greece, a city that is facing its own unique challenges in preserving biodiversity while accommodating urban growth. The methodology is implemented at a zipcode level. By clustering the case study on different features that explain biodiversity and validating our results using citizen science data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of urban biodiversity patterns in the city of Athens. This study incorporates a k-means clustering scheme that leads to the classification of habitats in the urban setting and utilizes citizen science-generated species occurrence data from the GBIF platform. This integrative approach allows us to account for fine-scale environmental variation, which plays a crucial role in species' abundances and distributions in urban settings. This work highlights the significance of zipcode-level analyses in understanding the complex interplay between urbanization and biodiversity. Our findings offer valuable insights for urban planning and biodiversity management in Athens and beyond, emphasizing the importance of incorporating both environmental and species information in the quest to protect and enhance urban biodiversity.
Healthcare costs for hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a Japanese university hospital: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Uno Shunsuke , Goto Rei , Honda Kimiko , Tokuda Machiko , Kamata Hirofumi , Chubachi Shotaro , Yamamoto Ryo , Sato Yukio , Homma Koichiro , Uchida Sho , Namkoong Ho , Uwamino Yoshifumi , Sasaki Junichi , Fukunaga Koichi , Hasegawa Naoki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: A health-economic evaluation related to COVID-19 is urgently needed to allocate healthcare resources efficiently; however, relevant medical cost data in Japan concerning COVID-19 are scarce.
Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the healthcare cost for hospitalized COVID-19 patients in 2021 at Keio University Hospital. We calculated the healthcare costs during hospitalization using hospital claims data and investigated the variables significantly related to the healthcare cost with multivariate analysis.
Results: The median healthcare cost per patient for the analyzed 330 patients was Japanese yen (JPY) 1,304,431 (US dollars ~11,871) (interquartile range: JPY 968,349–1,954,093), and the median length of stay was 10 days. The median healthcare cost was JPY 798,810 for mild cases; JPY 1,113,680 for moderate I cases; JPY 1,643,909 for moderate II cases; and JPY 6,210,607 for severe cases. Healthcare costs increased by 4.0% for each additional day of hospitalization; 1.26 times for moderate I cases; 1.64 times for moderate II cases; 1.84 times for severe cases; and 2.05 times for cases involving ICU stay.
Conclusions: We clarified the healthcare cost for hospitalized COVID-19 patients by severity in a Japanese university hospital. These costs contribute as inputs for forthcoming health economic evaluations for strategies for preventing and treating COVID-19.
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy versus Lenvatinib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis: A Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: ji Xiaoquan , Zhang Aimin , Duan Xuezhang , Wang Quan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background and objectives:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the survival benefit of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) versus lenvatinib as first-line therapy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT).
Materials and Methods
147 HCC patients with PVTT were included in this retrospective study, 70 were treated with SBRT and 77 of were treated with lenvatinib. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was employed to balance the differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) were compared between the two groups. In addition, the safety of patients in both groups was also evaluated.
Results
After PSM, 38 patients were matched in each of the two groups. The median OS was 14.5 (95% CI: 10.1–18.9) and 11.1 (95% CI: 9.3–12.9) months in the SBRT and lenvatinib groups, respectively (P = 0.014). The median PFS was 6.8 (95% CI: 5.1–8.5) and 5.0 (95% CI: 3.0–7.0) months, respectively (P = 0.010). The 1-, 2-years OS rates in the two groups were 65.8% vs. 39.5% and 31.6% vs. 10.5%, respectively. The 6-, 12-months PFS rates in the two groups were 57.9% vs. 44.7% and 28.9% vs. 10.5%, respectively. In addition, the SBRT group had a better ORR than the lenvatinib group (52.6% vs. 23.7%, P = 0.009). Patients with good response to SBRT had better survival. Cox proportional hazard model showed that SBRT was an important prognostic factor for OS and PFS. The incidence of hypertension (34.2% vs 0%) was higher in the LEN group, however, both treatment modalities were well tolerated in the two groups of patients.
Conclusion
In HCC patients with PVTT, SBRT had a better survival benefit than Lenvatinib treatment as first-line therapy.
Percentile influence of beam column cross section design on progressive collapse potential of low-rise reinforced concrete framed structure
Authors: Sheikh Tariq Ahmad , Banday J M , Pasupuleti Venkata Dilip Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the behavior of low-rise, four-story RC framed structures when subjected to abnormal loads, specifically missing column scenarios. The study uses more than 20 unique models with varying beam and column cross sections and designs them for India's four seismic zones (Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5) in accordance with IS 456–2000 and IS 1893–2016 using FEM based ETABS V.17 Software. The study evaluates the potential for progressive collapse of structures in all three possible cases of column removal, as per the GSA (2016) Guidelines, using the linear static analysis approach. The investigation aims to determine the progressive collapse potential of low-rise reinforced concrete framed structures designed for Indian seismic zones, and the effect of different beam and column cross sections on the structures' progressive collapse potential. The study finds that structures designed for high seismic zones (seismic zone 5 with high beam column cross sections) have greater progressive collapse resistance, while those designed for low seismic zones (seismic zone 2 with low beam column cross sections) have lower resistance. The study also analyzes and designs the structural models for seismic loading and examines the behavior of critical columns (flexure) after column missing scenarios by studying the column interaction diagrams for GSA load-generating internal forces. Additionally, the study quantifies the notable effect on the material quantities (Concrete and longitudinal reinforcement), as they have a significant influence on the ductility and flexibility of the frame behavior.
WITHDRAWN: Bibliometric Review of Studies on COVID-19 and Medicine
Authors: Demir Ahmet Turan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Various antiviral medicine for the treatment of COVID-19 have been studied, some of them have been used in clinical trials, and there has been a notable rise in the number of written works related to this topic. This research uses a thorough literature analysis to present the organization of the expanding body of literature regarding medicinal remedies employed in managing COVID-19. It was conducted based on 953 English-language articles in the Scopus database from 2019 to 2023 (April). RStudio (Biblioshiny), CiteSpace, and VOSviewer software were used to identify research hotspots for topic areas, trending topic and knowledge base analysis, scientific outlook, timeline, and detailed map. Collaboration networks are analyzed primarily according to organizations and sources in the author’s country. Thematic research areas are summarized based on keyword and clustering analysis and emerging topics and knowledge bases. In addition, the branches of science that affect each other have been identified. “Major clinical study” is the most central theme in this field. In 2023, “human”, “COVID-19, and telemedicine” will be trend topics. Finally, research gaps and future coverage in this area are highlighted.
Discerning Rise Time Constants: The Connection between the Time and Frequency Domain Spectra of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Kruppa Lennard , Jenatsch Sandra , Wang Yueming , Ravishankar Sandheep 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The small-perturbation analysis of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) highlights a fundamental conundrum - while time domain measurements yield two time constants corresponding to the rise and subsequent decay of the photovoltage or photocurrent, the corresponding frequency domain methods only yield one time constant from the analysis of the imaginary part of the transfer function. To solve this problem, we propose a modification of the frequency domain transfer function that focusses on the transition of its real part to negative values at high frequencies. After verification using drift-diffusion simulations and equivalent circuit analysis, the application of the method to experimental intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy data of a PSC allows calculation of the hidden rise time constant, showing a good agreement with rise time constants obtained from transient photovoltage measurements. The calculated rise time constants are indicators of the charge extraction efficiency of the contacts, that determines short circuit and low-bias recombination losses.
Detection of the Phosphorus-bearing Molecules PO and PN in the Outer Galaxy
Authors: Koelemay Lilia , Gold Katherine , Ziurys Lucy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Phosphorus is a key element in biology1 and plays a role in the formation of Earth-like planets2. Despite its importance, phosphorus has been identified only in a small section of the Milky Way, and its general Galactic distribution is not known. The lack of information about this element is partly due to unfavorable atomic transitions, but phosphorus-containing molecules offer another avenue for investigation. Here we present the detection of gas-phase phosphorus in the Outer Galaxy through spectra of PO and PN. The rotational lines in the 2 and 3 mm regions of these molecules were observed in the dense cloud WB89-621, located 22.6 kpc from the Galactic Center. The abundances of PO and PN in WB89-621 are comparable to values near the Solar System within the measurement uncertainties3. Phosphorus is created in supernovae, which are not typically present in the Outer Galaxy4. The detection of PO and PN at such large Galactic distances is surprising, but could be a consequence of a “Galactic Fountain”, where elemental enrichment occurs from redistribution of supernovae material ejected into the halo and circumgalactic medium5. The identification of phosphorus at this galactocentric distance therefore provides new insight into the chemical evolution of the Galaxy.
Optimization of technological parameters in ultrasonic welding of the polypropylene fabric using Taguchi and FCCCD methods
Authors: Le Thanh Quang , Nguyen Thanh Hai , Nguyen Loc Huu 
Published: May 2023

Ultrasonic welding is a welding method that has been applied for welding nonwoven fabrics, with many advantages such as fast speed, high reliability, easy automation and especially less pollution to the environment. This paper studies the optimization of technological parameters in the welding process such as welding time, pressure, and weld shape on the breaking strength of ultrasonic welding of Polypropylene (PP) nonwovens. To evaluate the influence level and find the reasonable technological parameters domain in the paper, the Taguchi method is used in combination with the face-centered central composite design (FCCCD) response surface method. The research results have determined the regression equations used to calculate the breaking strength for each weld shape as well as the optimal domain for the main technological parameters, ensuring the breaking strength of the weld. There are different degrees of influence of technological parameters (shape of the weld zone, welding time and welding pressure) on the breaking strength of ultrasonic welds. Among them, the influence level of welding time t is 45.31 %, the weld shape is Pattern 2 with the rate of 30.03 %, and the welding pressure is 24.66 %. Carrying out a verification test with the welding parameters: t=1.6 s, p=3.1 kgf/cm2, two patterns ( Pattern 2 and Pattern 3), the result of breaking strength for patterns was achieved. Pattern 2 has a difference of 1.19 % between the regression equation results and the actual experimental results, while the figure for Pattern 3 is 0.77 %. From these results, it is possible to select the appropriate technological parameters for ultrasonic welding equipment when processing products from nonwoven fabrics to ensure the highest quality and productivity