bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Experiences Among Older Adults With Disabling Conditions
Authors: Shenk Marisa , Hicks Bernadette , Quiñones Ana , Harrati Amal 
Published: July 2023

Objectives This paper examines the health, work, and financial experiences of older adults with disabling conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also explores the role of county- and state-level conditions in these experiences. Methods Using data from the 2020 Health and Retirement Study, we estimated regression models to assess differences in outcomes between those with and without disabling conditions and by race/ethnicity. We used multilevel modeling to assess whether and how county or state factors might be associated with the differences in these effects. Results Older adults with disabilities were more likely to report experiencing financial hardships, delaying health care, and experiencing effects on work than those without disabilities; these differences are heighted between race and ethnicity. Older adults with disabilities were more likely to live in counties with greater social vulnerability. Discussion This work underscores the importance of developing a robust, disability-inclusive public health response that protects older adults.
Synthesis of a phosphorus and triazole-containing compound and its enhancement on flame retardancy and mechanical properties of an epoxy resin
Authors: Ma Menghua , Chen Rui , Huang Wei , Zhao Shidong , Li Guohui , Bao Lingling 
Published: July 2023

A high effective P/N-containing flame retardant additive CDD was triumphantly synthesized with nitrogen-rich 3,5-Diamino-1,2,4-triazole, DOPO and cinnamaldehyde. With the help of 4 wt% CDD, Epoxy resin (EP) sample succeeded in UL-94 V-0 test, and improved its LOI value to 33.5%. EP/4 wt%CDD sample also performed very well in cone calorimeter (CC) test. For example, the peak of heat release rate of EP/4 wt%CDD decreased to 603 kW/m2, which was 56.8% of EP sample without flame retardants. All these details showed that CDD was highly effective in fire resistance. Besides, the addition of CDD also drastically improved mechanical strength of EP. Tensile strength, flexural strength and izod iMPact strength of EP/4 wt%CDD sample was increased to 102 MPa, 124 MPa and 38 kJ m−2, which was 118.6%, 129.2% and 126.7% of control group. At last, the flame-retardant mechanism of CDD was studied by FTIR, XPS, Raman spectra, and SEM. The results showed that CDD’s perfect performance in fire resistance was ascribed to the generation of phosphorus-rich char layer in condensed phase.
Anlotinib induces apoptosis and second growth/mitosis phase block in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells via the aurora kinase A/p53 pathway
Authors: Wang Hongli , Wang Yu 
Published: July 2023

Background Cisplatin (DDP) resistance in ovarian cancer (OC) patients usually leads to treatment failure and increased mortality. Anlotinib has been shown to improve progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, but the mechanism is unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanism by which anlotinib ameliorates platinum resistance in OC cells. Methods Cell viability was detected by the 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method, and the apoptosis rate and changes in the cell cycle distribution were evaluated by flow cytometry. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the potential gene target of anlotinib in DDP-resistance SKOV3 cells, and its expression was verifies it by RT-qPCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Finally, ovarian cancer cells overexpressing AURKA were constructed, and the predicted results were verified by animal experiments. Results Anlotinib effectively induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest in OC cells and decreased the proportion of EdU-positive cells. AURKA was identified as a possible key target of anlotinib for inhibiting tumorigenic behaviors in SKOV3/DDP cells. Through combined immunofluorescence and western blot analyses, it was demonstrated that anlotinib could effectively inhibit the protein expression of AURKA and upregulate the expression of p53/p21, CDK1, and Bax protein. After overexpression of AURKA in OC cells, the induction of apoptosis and G2/M arrest by anlotinib were significantly inhibited. Anlotinib also effectively inhibited the growth of tumors in nude mice injected with OC cells. Conclusions This study demonstrated that anlotinib can induce apoptosis and G2/M arrest in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells through the AURKA/p53 pathway.
Hindfoot Alignment and Ankle Stability Following Arthroscopic Lateral Ankle Ligament Repair
Authors: Yoshimoto Kensei , Noguchi Masahiko , Maruki Hideyuki , Tominaga Ayako , Okazaki Ken 
Published: July 2023

Background: Hindfoot varus deformity is a known risk factor for chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI). The impact of this deformity on clinical results following arthroscopic lateral ankle ligament repair (ALLR) for CLAI has not been studied. Methods: Sixty-three ankles from 62 patients who received ALLR for CLAI were retrospectively examined. Preoperative plain radiographs were used to measure tibial articular surface (TAS) angles, and long axial hindfoot alignment radiographs were used to measure tibiocalcaneal angles (TCAs) pre- and postoperatively. Results included ratings on the Self-Administered Foot Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q) and recurrent ankle instability (respraining of the operated ankle following surgery). Results: Recurrent ankle instability, defined as incidence of any new ankle sprain after surgery reported in the follow-up period, occurred in 13 ankles. The TAS angles of these patients were significantly low, and their preoperative TCA was significantly high. Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative TCA was an independent risk factor for recurrent ankle instability. The threshold values for preoperative TCA for recurrent instability were determined via the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to be 3.4 degrees. Patients were assigned to a low- or high-TCA group based on the reported average TCA (2.7 degrees) of healthy patients. In the high-TCA group, recurrent instability was significantly more frequent, and the scores on the pain subscale of the postoperative SAFE-Q were significantly lower. Conclusion: Hindfoot varus alignment was associated with pooreroutcomes after ALLR. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Association between clinic-level quality of care and patient-level outcomes in multiple sclerosis
Authors: He Anna H , Manouchehrinia Ali , Glaser Anna , Ciccarelli Olga , Butzkueven Helmut , Hillert Jan , McKay Kyla Anne 
Published: July 2023

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) quality of care guidelines are consensus-based. The effectiveness of the recommendations is unknown. Objective: To determine whether clinic-level quality of care affects clinical and patient-reported outcomes. Methods: This nationwide observational cohort study included patients with adult-onset MS in the Swedish MS registry with disease onset 2005–2015. Clinic-level quality of care was measured by four indicators: visit density, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) density, mean time to commencement of disease-modifying therapy, and data completeness. Outcomes were Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and patient-reported symptoms measured by the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29). Analyses were adjusted for individual patient characteristics and disease-modifying therapy exposure. Results: In relapsing MS, all quality indicators benefitted EDSS and physical symptoms. Faster treatment, frequent visits, and higher data completeness benefitted psychological symptoms. After controlling for all indicators and individual treatment exposures, faster treatment remained independently associated with lower EDSS (−0.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.01, −0.10) and more frequent visits were associated with milder physical symptoms (MSIS-29 physical score: −16.2%, 95% CI: −1.8%, −29.5%). Clinic-level quality of care did not affect any outcomes in progressive-onset disease. Conclusion: Certain quality of care indicators correlated to disability and patient-reported outcomes in relapse-onset but not progressive-onset disease. Future guidelines should consider recommendations specific to disease course.
Class III malocclusion treated with a 3D-printed hybrid hyrax distalizer combined with mentoplate using Alt-RAMEC protocol: A case report
Authors: Kathem Sarah Joda , Matras Rannvá Caroline , Abbas Salaheddin Omar Mahmoud 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The aim of this report was to assess the skeletal, dental and soft tissue changes in a juvenile patient with a severe class III malocclusion. This case report describes a novel method of class III treatment using skeletal anchorage for maxillary protraction and Alt-RAMEC protocol. Patient concerns: The patient did not have any subjective complaints before treatment and there was no family history of class III malocclusion. Clinical findings and primary diagnoses: Extra-orally, the patient had a concave profile with a retrusive mid-face and prominent lower lip. The intra-oral examination revealed angle class III malocclusion with a −3-mm overjet. There was no anterior displacement on closure when the patient was assessed clinically. According to the cephalometric analysis, the sagittal jaw relation and Wits appraisal were reduced due to a retrognathic maxilla and prognathic mandible. Interventions: The treatment plan involved maxillary protraction, Alt-RAMEC protocol for 10 weeks and upper molar distalisation with a hybrid hyrax distalizer in combination with a mentoplate. The active treatment time was estimated to 18 months followed by 6 months retention with the appliance. Outcomes: The sagittal jaw relationship was increased by approximately 9°, mainly due to maxillary advancement of 8 mm and a positional change of the mandible anteroposteriorly. Natural decompensation of the lower incisors was also observed. In addition, both the facial profile and the smile became more harmonious after treatment. The treatment analysis revealed that the changes achieved were mainly skeletal and it was possible to avoid adverse effects on the dentition. Conclusion: In conclusion, treatment with a hybrid hyrax distalizer combined with mentoplate using the Alt-RAMEC protocol is effective in correcting the anteroposterior discrepancy in a juvenile class III patient and it is possible to achieve maxillary advancement of 8 mm.
Conceptualizing, Embracing, and Measuring Failure in Social Marketing Practice
Authors: Akbar M Bilal , Foote Liz , Lawson Alison 
Published: July 2023

Background While failure in social marketing practice represents an emerging research agenda, the discipline has not yet considered this concept systematically or cohesively. This lack of a clear conceptualization of failure in social marketing to aid practice thus presents a significant research gap. Focus This study aimed to conceptualize failures in social marketing practice. Methods A qualitative survey was conducted using purposive sampling to solicit expert views of well-established social marketing academics and practitioners. Participants were asked to discuss failures in social marketing practice based on their experience in the field. A total of 49 participants provided their input to the survey. Thematic analysis was used to develop four themes addressing the research question. Importance It is widely acknowledged that reflecting and learning from past failures to promote future best practices is desirable for any discipline. As an empirically based social change discipline, social marketing would benefit from the elevation of failure within its broader research agenda. Results Four themes were identified: (1) Failures occur when the target behaviors are not achieved, (2) Tactics used to measure failures, (3) Process failure, and (4) Failures either not measured or reframed as lessons learned. A conceptual framework was created to characterize the nature of failures in social marketing practice, representing a feedback loop deemed problematic for the discipline. Recommendations We call for social marketers to explicitly acknowledge and address failures when describing and reporting on their work and project outcomes. Efforts should be made to adopt a reflexive stance and examine and address internal and external factors affecting the program’s failures.
Work alienation and its relationship with job crafting and job embeddedness among a group of Iranian nurses during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Zohourparvaz Mona sadat , Vagharseyyedin Seyyed Abolfazl 
Published: July 2023

Background: The difficult work conditions of nurses during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can cause them work alienation. Work alienation is in turn associated with negative consequences such as turnover intention. Therefore, identifying the contributing factors of work alienation is essential. Aim: This study aimed to assess the relationship of work alienation with job crafting and job embeddedness among a group of Iranian nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A total of 332 eligible nurses participated in this descriptive correlational study. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the work alienation measure, the job crafting scale and the global measure of job embeddedness. Results: The mean scores of work alienation, job embeddedness and job crafting were 22.67 ± 6.46 (possible range: 7–49), 21.05 ± 3.65 (possible range: 7–35) and 77.54 ± 11.93 (possible range: 21–105), respectively. Work alienation had a significant inverse correlation with job embeddedness and job crafting. Job crafting and job embeddedness significantly predicted 44% of the variance of work alienation. Conclusions: Around half of the variance of work alienation is explained by job crafting and job embeddedness. Nursing managers can use strategies to improve nurses’ job embeddedness and job crafting in order to reduce the probability of their work alienation.
The mediating role of empathy in the impact of compassion fatigue on burnout among nurses
Authors: Topçu Nihal , Akbolat Mahmut , Amarat Mustafa 
Published: July 2023

Background: The burnout levels of nurses, who have an important place in the delivery of health services, are increasing day by day. As the burnout levels of nurses increase, there may be undesirable situations such as compassion fatigue specific to them, their patients and their institutions. Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of compassion fatigue seen in nurses on burnout and the mediating role of empathy in this effect. Methods: The research was conducted on nurses working in three public hospitals operating in Sakarya, Turkey, between 2 January and 16 April 2019. Since the research was conducted in more than one hospital, the minimum number of participants was determined for each hospital using the stratified sampling method in the first stage. In the second stage, the participants were selected by convenience sampling method. Descriptive statistics, linear regression and process macro regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Results: The results showed the effect of nurses’ compassion fatigue on burnout and empathy (β = 0.673). In addition, empathy has a mediating role in the effect of compassion fatigue on burnout (β = 0.251). Conclusions/implications for practice: Reducing the burnout levels of nurses, who have a very important place in the delivery of health services, is important for both themselves and patients. It is recommended that the results of this study, which may contribute to the development of the awareness of nurse managers, should be made with the ability to understand the symptoms of compassion fatigue and burnout, teaching coping methods and providing support by experts when necessary.
Global, regional, and national time trends in incidence for migraine, from 1990 to 2019: an age-period-cohort analysis for the GBD 2019
Authors: Fan Luying , Wu Yuhang , Wei Jiehua , Xia Fan , Cai Yufeng , Zhang Senmao , Miao Junxiang , Zhou Yunzhe , Liu Chu , Yan Wei , Liu Dan , Chen Lizhang , Wang Tingting 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The majority of epidemiological studies on migraine have been conducted in a specific country or region, and there is a lack of globally comparable data. We aim to report the latest information on global migraine incidence overview trends from 1990 to 2019.

Methods
In this study, the available data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. We present temporal trends in migraine for the world and its 204 countries and territories over the past 30 years. Meanwhile, an age-period-cohort model be used to estimate net drifts (overall annual percentage change), local drifts (annual percentage change in each age group), longitudinal age curves (expected longitudinal age-specific rate), and period (cohort) relative risks.

Results
In 2019, the global incidence of migraine increased to 87.6 million (95% UI: 76.6, 98.7), with an increase of 40.1% compared to 1990. India, China, United States of America, and Indonesia had the highest number of incidences, accounting for 43.6% of incidences globally. Females experienced a higher incidence than males, the highest incidence rate was observed in the 10–14 age group. However, there was a gradual transition in the age distribution of incidence from teenagers to middle-aged populations. The net drift of incidence rate ranged from 3.45% (95% CI: 2.38, 4.54) in high-middle Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions to -4.02% (95% CI: -4.79, -3.18) in low SDI regions, 9 of 204 countries showed increasing trends (net drifts and its 95% CI were > 0) in incidence rate. The age-period-cohort analysis results showed that the relative risk of incidence rate generally showed unfavorable trends over time and in successively birth cohorts among high-, high-middle-, and middle SDI regions, but low-middle- and low-SDI regions keep stable.

Conclusions
Migraine is still an important contributor to the global burden of neurological disorders worldwide. Temporal trends in migraine incidence are not commensurate with socioeconomic development and vary widely across countries. Both sexes and all age groups should get healthcare to address the growing migraine population, especially adolescents and females.
Influence of phase-separated structural morphologies on the piezo and triboelectric properties of polymer composites
Authors: Yempally Swathi , Kacem Eya , Ponnamma Deepalekshmi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSimplified and flexible fabrication methods, high output performance, and extreme flexibility of polymer-based nanocomposites represent versatile designs in self-powering devices for wearable electronics, sensors, and smart societies. Examples include polyvinylidene fluoride and its copolymers-based piezoelectric nanogenerators, green and recyclable triboelectric nanogenerators, etc. Advanced functionalities, multi-functional properties, and the extensive lifetime required for nanogenerators inspire researchers to focus on structural modifications of the polymeric materials, to fully exploit their performances. Phase separation is a physicochemical process in which polymeric phases rearrange, resulting in specific structures and properties, that ultimately influence mechanical, electronic, and other functional properties. This article will study the phase separation strategies used to modify the polymeric base, both physically and chemically, to generate the maximum electric power upon mechanical and frictional deformation. The effect of interfacial modification on the efficiency of the nanogenerators, chemical and mechanical stability, structural integrity, durable performance, and morphological appearance will be extensively covered in this review. Moreover, piezo- and triboelectric power generation have numerous challenges, such as poor resistance to mechanical deformation, reduced cyclic performance stability, and a high cost of production. These often depend on the method of developing the nanogenerators, and phase separation provides a unique advantage in reducing them. The current review provides a one-stop solution to understand and disseminate the phase separation process, types and mechanisms, advantages, and role in improving the piezoelectric and triboelectric performances of the nanogenerators.
Ssc-mir-221-3p regulates melanin production in Xiang pigs melanocytes by targeting the TYRP1 gene
Authors: Yuan Wei , Qin Hai , Bi Huan , Zhao Depeng , Zhang Yiyu , Chen Wei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by down-regulating it. Several studies have suggested that miRNAs plays a crucial role in mammalian skin color production. The TYRP1 gene, a member of the tyrosine family, is an important candidate gene that affects melanogenesis. This study aimed to identify genes and miRNAs that affect melanin production in Xiang pigs by transcriptome sequencing, and to validate their targeted regulatory relationships.

Results
17 miRNAs and 1,230 genes were significantly differentially expressed (P < 0.05) in the black and white skin tissues of Jianbai Xiang pigs. miRNA-221-3p was identified as a candidate miRNA for melanin formation and its target gene, TYRP1, was selected. The TYRP1 gene is a member of the TYR gene family, which evolved from the TYR gene through chromosome segmental duplication. The function of the gene was highly conserved throughout the evolutionary process. overexpression of TYRP1 gene significantly increased the expression of TYR, TYRP1, and DCT genes P < 0.01, which led to an increase in the relative content of melanin. Silencing of TYRP1 through the use of TYRP1-siRNA significantly reduced the expression of TYR, TYRP1, and DCT genes in Jianbai Xiang pig melanocytes P < 0.01, which in turn decreased the relative melanin content. The targeted binding relationship between ssc-miR-221-3p and TYRP1 gene was validated. After transfection of porcine melanocytes with ssc-miR-221-3p mimic, the expression of ssc-miR-221-3p was significantly up-regulated (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the mRNA and protein levels of TYR, TYRP1, and DCT genes were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.01), and melanin content in cells was significantly reduced (P < 0.01).

Conclusion
The TYRP1 gene affects melanogenesis in melanocytes of Jianbai Xiang pigs, and ssc-miR-221-3p targets the TYRP1 gene to regulate melanogenesis in melanocytes of Jianbai Xiang pigs.
Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals variation in intramuscular fat among muscle locations of Qinchuan cattle
Authors: Yu Hengwei , Wang Jianfang , Zhang Ke , Cheng Gong , Mei Chugang , Zan Linsen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntramuscular fat (IMF) is closely related to the tenderness, marbling, juiciness, and flavor of meat. We used a combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation among Qinchuan cattle.ResultsThe IMF content was relatively high in the meat of Qinchuan cattle bulls and differed among muscle locations, namely the high rib (15.86%), ribeye (14%), striploin (10.44%), and tenderloin (8.67%).CCDC80and theHOXgene cluster may regulate intramuscular adipose tissue deposition. Moreover, erucic acid (EA) was found to be the main metabolite in Qinchuan beef cattle, with a high concentration in IMF. The deposition of IMF could be regulated by the metabolic pathway for unsaturated fatty acids involving EA and theACOX3,HACD2,andSCD5genes. In addition, differentially expressed genes and metabolites were enriched in three major KEGG pathways: purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and the metabolism of glycine, serine, and threonine.ConclusionsWe identified a significant metabolite, EA, with variation in IMF. Its closely related genes,ACOX3,HACD2, andSCD5,co-regulate the metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids, ultimately affecting the accumulation of intramuscular adipose tissue in Qinchuan cattle. Consequently, Qinchuan cattle are an elite cultivar for high-quality beef production and have great potential for breeding.