bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhizosphere interface microbiome reassembly by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi weakens cadmium migration dynamics
Authors: Wang Hong‐Rui , Du Xin‐Ran , Zhang Zhuo‐Yun , Feng Fu‐Juan , Zhang Jia‐Ming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of cadmium (Cd)‐polluted agricultural soils is increasing globally, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can reduce the absorption of heavy metals by plants and improve mineral nutrition. However, the immobilization of the rhizosphere on cadmium is often overlooked. In this study, Glomus mosseae and Medicago sativa were established as symbiotes, and Cd migration and environmental properties in the rhizosphere were analyzed. AMF reduced Cd migration, and Cd2+ changed to an organic‐bound state. AMF symbiosis treatment and Cd exposure resulted in microbial community variation, exhibiting a distinct deterministic process (|βNTI| > 2), which ultimately resulted in a core microbiome function of heavy metal resistance and nutrient cycling. AMF increased available N and P, extracellular enzyme activity (LaC, LiP, and CAT), organic matter content (TOC, EOC, and GRSP), and Eh of the rhizosphere soil, significantly correlating with decreased Cd migration (p < 0.05). Furthermore, AMF significantly affected root metabolism by upregulating 739 metabolites, with flavonoids being the main factor causing microbiome variation. The structural equation model and variance partial analysis revealed that the superposition of the root metabolites, microbial, and soil exhibited the maximum explanation rate for Cd migration reduction (42.4%), and the microbial model had the highest single explanation rate (15.5%). Thus, the AMF in the rhizosphere microenvironment can regulate metabolite–soil–microbial interactions, reducing Cd migration. In summary, the study provides a new scientific explanation for how AMF improves plant Cd tolerance and offers a sustainable solution that could benefit both the environment and human health.
User‐generated content and micro‐celebrity posts encourage Generation Z consumers to search social media for online purchase: A study on Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Authors: Shetu Sabakun Naher 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aims to examine the impact of user‐generated content (UGC) and micro‐celebrity posts on Generation Z consumers' online purchasing behavior. The role of search intent as a mediator is examined. The stimulus–organism–response (SOR) theory included in it has not yet been widely found in Bangladesh's existent study literature that examines Generation Z consumers' preferences regarding their online buying behavior. Using a cross‐sectional study approach, the primary data were collected via a self‐administered questionnaire. The population consisted of members of Generation Z in the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Systematic random sampling was used to select participants from six universities in Dhaka for the study involving Generation Z. Besides, non‐probability sampling techniques, convenience sampling, were used to acquire the primary data. A total of 565 samples were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Direct and indirect analyses of the expected linkages revealed considerable correlations between user‐generated content (UGC), micro‐celebrity posts, intention to search, and online purchase behavior. The investigation's findings demonstrated the mediational relationship between users' search intentions and other constructs. Significant contributions have been made to the theory of online buying behavior decision‐making and the social media marketing strategies that should be used.
Expanding the toolset of fluorescent covalent staining of biological samples by labeling carboxylate and phosphate groups
Authors: Hu Kexin , Sun Qimeng , Chen Ruifen , Xu Tinghao , Li Yuncheng , Chen Lili , Wang Aidong , Qi Hejing , Shao Danni , Yue Huanning , Wang Yaning , Tang Ziqi , Wang Yi , Liu Chunfeng , Lv Haijun , Wang Fen , Xu Huizhong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecently, fluorescent covalent staining methods have been developed for visualization of anatomical structures in cells and tissues. Coupled with expansion microscopy, these stains revealed various ultrastructural details. However, the covalently stainable chemical groups have been limited to amines, carbohydrates, and thiols. Here, we developed procedures for covalently labeling tissues for carboxylate and phosphate groups, utilizing carbodiimide crosslinker chemistry. In porcine kidney tissues, the carboxylate and phosphate stain provides 1.8–4.8‐fold higher signal intensity than those from the three existing stains. In cancer cells, such stain allows 2–8‐fold more accurate identification of nucleoli than the amine stain. In expansion microscopy samples, such stain reveals a variety of sub‐cellular structures in tissues when combined with the amine stain. Such stain also allows imaging of lipid‐based structures in cultured cells. With these advantages, this new covalent staining method further expands the toolset for fluorescent visualization of histology.
Asymmetric Load Transmission Induces Facet Joint Subchondral Sclerosis and Hypertrophy in Patients with Idiopathic Adolescent Scoliosis: Evaluation Using Finite Element Model and Surgical Specimen
Authors: Yahara Yasuhito , Seki Shoji , Makino Hiroto , Futakawa Hayato , Kamei Katsuhiko , Kawaguchi Yoshiharu 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with thoracic curvature primarily progresses from the thoracolumbar region, causing abnormal twisting and rotation of the spinal column. This results in unbalanced, asymmetric loads on each vertebrae and increased demands on the thoracic facet joints to withstand rotational stress from adjacent vertebrae. However, no studies have focused on the stress distribution on the facet joints of the thoracic spine in patients with AIS. This study aimed to investigate the mechanical loading and its distribution on the thoracic facet joints of AIS patients using finite element (FE) analysis and surgical specimens. FE models of the thoracic spine were created from a total of 13 female AIS patients (Lenke type 1, n = 4; Lenke type 2, n = 4; Lenke type 3, n = 5). A load of 200 N on the T3 vertebrae and 30 N each on the bilateral superior articular processes were applied vertically to quantify the contact force on the facet joints from T3 to T11. In addition, morphological and histological analyses were performed on the inferior articular processes obtained during surgery. FE analysis demonstrated that contact forces of the facet joint progressively increased from the mid to lower thoracic spine of the concave side, reaching a maximum around the apex. More than 91% of the load was transmitted by the facet joints at the concave side, resulting in facet joint subchondral sclerosis and hypertrophy. The apical facet joint in AIS helps counteract rotational stress between vertebrae and transfers most stress through the concave side. In conclusion, this study found that asymmetric load transfer in the facet joints leads to subchondral sclerosis and hypertrophy. These findings can enhance our understanding of the stress loading on facet joints and the resulting biological changes and help clarify the mechanisms involved in scoliosis progression. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Studies on the ameliorative potential of dietary supplemented different dose of selenium on doxorubicin‐induced ovarian damage in rat
Authors: Cengiz Mat Ozge , Alisan Suna Pinar , Baran Munevver , Ceyhan Ayse , Yay Arzu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDoxorubicin (Dox) may induce loss of follicles, resulting in the depletion of ovarian reserve and consequent premature ovarian failure. Selenium (Se) is an oligoelement with fundamental biological features and is among the most common chemical inhibitor compounds. The present study describes the curative effects of dietary supplementation with different Se doses on Dox‐induced ovarian damage in rats. In this study, 64 adult female Wistar rats were randomly separated into eight groups: Control group, Dox group (5 mg/kg intraperitoneal [i.p.]), low‐dose Se (0.5 mg/kg i.p.), middle dose Se (1 mg/kg i.p.), high dose (Se 2 mg/kg i.p.), Dox + low‐dose Se group (0.5 mg/kg i.p.), Dox + middle dose Se (1 mg/kg i.p.), and Dox + high‐dose Se group (2 mg/kg i.p.). After the experiment, ovarian follicles were counted, and Antimüllerian hormone, interleukin 1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and caspase‐3 expression were determined. Levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were biochemically measured in ovarian tissue. Dox caused ovarian injury, as evidenced by significant changes in ovarian markers, histological abnormalities, and the debilitation of antioxidant defense mechanisms. Furthermore, Dox therapy significantly changed the expression of inflammatory and apoptotic markers. Dox + 1 mg Se with various saturations was studied, and this study demonstrated both histopathological and follicular reserve and more protective features. 1 mg Se pretreatment improved Dox‐induced ovarian toxicity through alleviating the antioxidant mechanism, decreasing inflammation and apoptosis, and restoring ovarian architecture. As a result, our findings indicate that 1 mg Se is a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention of ovarian damage associated with Dox.
Chloroprocaine antagonizes progression of breast cancer by regulating LINC00494/miR‐3619‐5p/MED19 axis
Authors: Chen Chen , Wang Ning , Huang Tingting , Cheng Gao , Hu Yuexia , Wang Bingjie , Zhang Ye , Wang Chunhui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBreast cancer, as the most prevalent female malignancy, leads the cancer‐related death in women worldwide. Local anesthetic chloroprocaine exhibits antitumor potential, but its specific functions and underlying molecular mechanisms in breast cancer remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated chloroprocaine significantly inhibited proliferation, invasion and induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells in vitro. Tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis were also suppressed in BABL/c nude mice model with chloroprocaine treatment. LINC00494 was identified as one of the most downregulated long noncoding RNAs in chloroprocaine‐treated breast cancer cells by high‐throughput sequencing. Futhermore, high level of LINC00494 was positively associated with poor outcome of breast cancer patients. LINC00494 acted as a “miRNAs sponge” to compete with MED19 for the biding of miR‐3619‐5p, led to the upregulation of MED19. LINC00494/miR‐3619‐5p/MED19 axis participated in chloroprocaine‐mediated inhibition of proliferation, invasion and promotion of apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Consequently, our finding suggested local anesthetic chloroprocaine attenuated breast cancer aggressiveness through LINC00494‐mediated signaling pathway, which detailly revealed the clinical value of chloroprocaine during breast cancer treatment.
Perturbations in spike‐specific peripheral T follicular helper cells in SARS‐CoV2 breakthrough convalescent individuals immunized by BBV152 vaccine
Authors: Sengupta Soumya , Shaw Shubham K. , Chatterjee Sanchari , Bhattacharya Gargee , Barik Prakash K. , Chattopadhyay Soma , Devadas Satish 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐Cov2) infection has caused an increase in mortality and morbidity, but with vaccination, the disease severity has significantly reduced. With the emergence of various variants of concern (VOCs), the vaccine breakthrough infection has also increased. Here we studied circulating spike‐specific T follicular response (cTfh) in infection‐naïve vaccinees and convalescent vaccinees (individuals who got the Delta breakthrough infection after two doses of BBV152 vaccine) to understand their response as they are the most crucial cells that are involved in vaccine‐mediated protection by helping in B‐cell maturation. Our results indicated that cTfh cells in both the groups recognized the wild‐type and Delta spike protein but memory response to the wild‐type spike was superior in infection‐naïve than in the convalescent group. The cytokine response, particularly interleukin‐21 (IL‐21) from cTfh, was also higher in infection‐naïve than in convalescent vaccinees, indicating a dampened cTfh response in convalescent vaccinees after breakthrough infection. Also, there was a positive correlation between IL‐21 from cTfh cells and neutralizing antibodies of infection‐naïve vaccinees. Multiple cytokine analysis also revealed higher inflammation in convalescent vaccinees. Our data indicated that the necessity of a third booster dose may be individual‐specific depending on the steady‐state functional phenotype of immune cells.
Pathophysiology of sex difference in refractoriness in lateral epicondylitis: Biomechanical study of wrist torque
Authors: Ikeda Kazuhiro , Yoshii Yuichi , Kohyama Sho , Ikumi Akira , Ogawa Takeshi , Ikeda Reimi , Yamazaki Masashi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEccentric contractions of the wrist extensors worsen lateral epicondylitis (LE), whose pathophysiology may involve sex differences in wrist torque. This study aimed to investigate sex differences in wrist torque in patients with LE. The wrist extension and flexion torques of 22 patients with LE (11 males and 11 females) were measured. Maximum muscle output over time was measured for 20 s, initial torque was defined as muscle strength, and the degree of eccentric contraction was quantified and defined as the eccentric contraction index (ECI). The affected/unaffected side ratio of the wrist extensor, extensor/flexor ratio of muscle strength, and affected/unaffected side difference of ECI between sexes were statistically analyzed. Furthermore, correlations between wrist extensor torque, ECI, and Visual Analog Scale of pain during the examination were evaluated. Females were found to display lower affected/unaffected side ratios of the wrist extensor and wrist extension/flexion ratios for the affected side, compared with males; however, no differences were found in the wrist extension/flexion ratios for the unaffected side in both sexes. Additionally, females presented with larger differences between the affected and unaffected sides in the ECI. Based on correlations between wrist torques, ECI, and pain, females tended to suppress muscle output to prevent pain from eccentric contraction of wrist extensors more than males, which would induce an imbalance in muscle strength of the wrist extensors and flexors. This imbalance may result in chronic eccentric contraction of the wrist extensors with gripping, exacerbating LE.
Metastatic sarcomatoid carcinoma to bone
Authors: Sabharwal Samir , LiBrizzi Christa L. , Wangsiricharoen Sintawat , Gross John M. , Strike Sophia A. , Levin Adam S. , Morris Carol D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDistinguishing sarcomatoid carcinoma from primary sarcoma is clinically important. We sought to characterize metastatic sarcomatoid bone disease and its management.MethodsWe analyzed the characteristics of all cases of sarcomatoid carcinoma to bone at a single institution from 2001 to 2021, excluding patients with nonosseous metastases. Survival was evaluated using the Kaplan−Meier method.ResultsWe identified 15 cases of metastatic sarcomatoid carcinoma to bone. In seven cases the primary cancer was unknown at presentation. Renal cell carcinoma was suspected or confirmed in nine cases. Nine patients presented with pathologic fracture and two with concomitant visceral metastases. All patients underwent image‐guided core needle or open biopsy. Ten required surgery for discrete osseous metastases; in four cases definitive surgery was delayed (median delay, 19 days) due to inability to rule out sarcoma with frozen section. No patients required reoperation or had construct failure. Thirteen died of disease; median survival was 17.5 months (interquartile range, 6.2–25.1).ConclusionsMetastatic sarcomatoid carcinoma is a clinically challenging entity. Multidisciplinary input and communication are key to identifying the primary carcinoma, locating osseous metastases, and defining an operative fixation that will survive the remainder of the patient's life.
Pregeometry over locally o‐minimal structures and dimension
Authors: Fujita Masato 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe define a discrete closure operator for definably complete locally o‐minimal structures . The pair of the underlying set of and the discrete closure operator forms a pregeometry. We define the rank of a definable set over a set of parameters using this fact and call it ‐dimension. A definable set X is of dimension equal to the ‐dimension of X. The structure is simultaneously a first‐order topological structure. The dimension rank of a set definable in the first‐order topological structure also coincides with its dimension.
Corrected solid‐state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance peak assignment and side‐group quantification of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetyl succinate pharmaceutical excipients
Authors: Zheng Zhaoxi , Su Yongchao , Schmidt‐Rohr Klaus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetyl succinate (HPMCAS) is widely used as a pharmaceutical excipient, making a detailed understanding of its tunable structure important for formulation design. Several recently reported peak assignments in the solid‐state 13C NMR spectrum of HPMCAS have been corrected here using peak integrals in quantitative spectra, spectral editing, empirical chemical‐shift predictions based on solution NMR, and full spectrum simulation analogous to deconvolution. Unlike in cellulose, the strong peak at 84 ppm must be assigned to C2 and C3 methyl ethers, instead of regular C4 of cellulose. The proposed assignment of signals at <65 ppm to OCH sites, including C5 of cellulose, could not be confirmed. CH2 spectral editing showed two resolved OCH2 bands, a more intense one from O‐CH2 ethers of C6 at >69 ppm and a smaller one from its esters and possibly residual CH2‐OH groups, near 63 ppm. The strong intensities of resolved signals of acetyl, succinoyl, and oxypropyl substituents indicated the substitution of >85% of the OH groups in HPMCAS. The side‐group concentrations in three different grades of HPMCAS were quantified.
Solid epoxy prepregs with patterned resin distribution: Influence of pattern and process parameters on part quality in vacuum‐bag‐only processing
Authors: Janzen Jan Philipp , May David 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSolid resins (SR) are fully reactive resin systems that are solid at room temperature. Up to a critical temperature they can be quasi‐infinitely molten and solidified without any relevant curing reaction. This study deals with novel SR‐based prepregs where a dry textile is covered with a regular SR (uncured) pattern, allowing for storage and draping at room temperature. The manufacturing of SR prepregs with accurate pattern geometries and the processing of the same into laminates with a pore volume content <1% using a vacuum bag only process is demonstrated for four pattern types and two curing cycles. The study furthermore shows that the pattern design has an influence on the mandatory drying phases as well as on fiber undulations. With sufficiently long drying phases, equivalent pore volume contents and interlaminar shear strength could be obtained with different pattern types.Highlights
Manufacturing of carbon fiber (CF) solid epoxy prepregs with patterned resin distribution
Epoxy powder processing
Out‐of‐Autoclave manufacturing with vacuum‐bag‐only prepregs
Interlaminar shear strength of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) made of woven CFs
Analysis of pore volume content and fiber undulation
Creep behavior of 3D printed polymer composites
Authors: Jayswal Ajay , Liu Jia , Harris Gregory , Mailen Russell , Adanur Sabit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe creep behavior of polymer composites containing different weight percentages of poly(lactic) acid (PLA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) is experimentally characterized and computationally modeled using finite element analysis (FEA). The composite filaments are manufactured with melt extrusion method by using twin‐screw extruders, and then are employed in the 3D printing of creep samples. The samples are tested under a constant tensile load of 100 N. In this study, the computational model is developed by using the Generalized Voigt‐Kelvin solid model and three terms in Prony series. The equations of Prony series were obtained by the Laplace transformation of Kelvin model. The experimental creep displacements and strains are compared with computational results, and a good agreement between them is observed. The maximum error percentage in computational result is approximately 6% as compared to the experimental result. Hence, it can be said that the relatively simple computational models developed are reliable and can be used to study the creep behavior of similar polymers. The error percentages can still be reduced by considering a higher number of terms of Prony series in the model.Highlights
Studied creep behavior for additively manufactured thermoplastic polymer composites.
Developed computational model using three terms of relaxation modulus.
The experimental results correlate very well with the computational model.
Computational models can be used for other polymers.
The effect of inspiratory muscle training in PCD and CF patients: A pilot study
Authors: Gur Michal , Manor Eynav , Hanna Moneera , Simaan Nadeen , Gut Guy , Toukan Yazeed , Hakim Fahed , Bar–Yoseph Ronen , Bentur Lea 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundEffective work of breathing and bronchial hygiene requires synergy of inspiratory and expiratory muscles. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is a part of pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is some evidence of its efficacy in cystic fibrosis (CF) and, recently, in long COVID‐19. We are not aware of studies on IMT in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Our aim was to assess the effect of IMT on respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function in PCD and CF patients.MethodsA single center pilot study. Spirometry, lung clearance index (LCI), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) were measured at baseline (visit 1), after a month of IMT with ®POWERbreathe (visit 2), and at follow‐up (visit 3).ResultsThe cohort included 27 patients (19 PCD, 8 CF); mean age 18.4 ± 9.8 years. After a month of IMT, there was a significant increase in MIP and MIP% (6.19–7.44, p = .015; and 81.85%–100.41%, p = .046, respectively), which was sustained at visit 3. Compliance ≥90% led to higher improvement in MIP. In sub‐group analysis, improvement in MIP and MIP% remained significant for PCD patients (p = .026 and p = .049, respectively). No significant changes were found in spirometry, MEP or LCI.ConclusionsIMT was well‐tolerated and led to improved inspiratory muscle strength in PCD patients. The clinical implication of improved MIP should be further investigated. Larger, long‐term studies are needed to evaluate long‐term effects of IMT on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary exacerbations, and quality of life.