bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promotores' perspectives on the virtual adaptation of a hereditary breast cancer education program
Authors: Perez Fabian , Hernandez Miriam , Martinez Alejandra , Castaneda Patricia , Ponce Raquel , Gonzalez Maria , Martinez Cindia , Perez Angelica , Quino Juanita Elizabeth , Robles Garibay Eric , Zavala Valentina A. , Huang Xiaosong , Neuhausen Susan L. , Ziv Elad , Carvajal‐Carmona Luis , Duron Ysabel , Fejerman Laura 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the United States (U.S.) and the leading cause of cancer related death among U.S. Hispanics/Latinas (H/Ls). H/Ls have lower rates of screening and longer time to follow up after an abnormal mammogram. We developed a comprehensive community health educator (promotores)‐led education and risk identification program for Spanish‐speaking H/Ls in California to increase mammography screening, genetic testing, and the understanding of the impact of family history on cancer risk. Due to COVID‐19, we adapted the program to a virtual platform. The experience of transforming the program to a virtual platform provided unique opportunities for collaboration between researchers, community partners, and participants. Promotores are major partners in community based participatory research and in the provision of health care services, but their voices are often excluded from scientific reports. This commentary is an effort to provide a platform for promotores to share their experiences and for the readers to understand their approach in bridging the gap between health care services and communities.
Sensitivity analysis for the interactive effects of internal bias and publication bias in meta‐analyses
Authors: Mathur Maya B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMeta‐analyses can be compromised by studies' internal biases (e.g., confounding in nonrandomized studies) as well as publication bias. These biases often operate nonadditively: publication bias that favors significant, positive results selects indirectly for studies with more internal bias. We propose sensitivity analyses that address two questions: (1) “For a given severity of internal bias across studies and of publication bias, how much could the results change?”; and (2) “For a given severity of publication bias, how severe would internal bias have to be, hypothetically, to attenuate the results to the null or by a given amount?” These methods consider the average internal bias across studies, obviating specifying the bias in each study individually. The analyst can assume that internal bias affects all studies, or alternatively that it only affects a known subset (e.g., nonrandomized studies). The internal bias can be of unknown origin or, for certain types of bias in causal estimates, can be bounded analytically. The analyst can specify the severity of publication bias or, alternatively, consider a “worst‐case” form of publication bias. Robust estimation methods accommodate non‐normal effects, small meta‐analyses, and clustered estimates. As we illustrate by re‐analyzing published meta‐analyses, the methods can provide insights that are not captured by simply considering each bias in turn. An R package implementing the methods is available (multibiasmeta).
Serial Passaging Affects Stromal Cell Mechanosensitivity on Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels
Authors: Sumey Jenna L. , Harrell Abigail M. , Johnston Peyton C. , Caliari Steven R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is a tremendous interest in developing hydrogels as tunable in vitro cell culture platforms to study cell response to mechanical cues in a controlled manner. However, little is known about how common cell culture techniques, such as serial expansion on tissue culture plastic, affect subsequent cell behavior when cultured on hydrogels. In this work, a methacrylated hyaluronic acid hydrogel platform is leveraged to study stromal cell mechanotransduction. Hydrogels are first formed through thiol‐Michael addition to model normal soft tissue (e.g., lung) stiffness (E ≈ 1 kPa). Secondary cross‐linking via radical photopolymerization of unconsumed methacrylates allows matching of early‐ (E ≈ 6 kPa) and late‐stage fibrotic tissue (E ≈ 50 kPa). Early passage (P1) human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) display increased spreading, myocardin‐related transcription factor‐A (MRTF‐A) nuclear localization, and focal adhesion size with increasing hydrogel stiffness. However, late passage (P5) hMSCs show reduced sensitivity to substrate mechanics with lower MRTF‐A nuclear translocation and smaller focal adhesions on stiffer hydrogels compared to early passage hMSCs. Similar trends are observed in an immortalized human lung fibroblast line. Overall, this work highlights the implications of standard cell culture practices on investigating cell response to mechanical signals using in vitro hydrogel models.
Effect of a surface treatment consisting of electron beam remelting and gas nitriding on the corrosion resistance of cast iron
Authors: Holst Anja , Biermann Horst , Buchwalder Anja 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCommercially available gray‐solidified cast iron exhibits reduced load‐carrying capacity under locally concentrated pressure with simultaneous sliding stress. Electron beam remelting dissolves the graphite near the surface, and the surface layer solidifies according to the metastable system. During subsequent gas nitriding, a dense compound layer forms on this white‐solidified, hard surface layer. The phase composition of the compound layer depends not only on the gas nitriding conditions, but also on the chemical composition of the cast iron. The effect of the individual processes of remelting and gas nitriding and their combination on the corrosion behavior of one ferritic and one pearlitic cast iron with different copper contents is investigated using potentiodynamic polarization measurements in 5% sodium chloride solution at room temperature. The remelted and nitrided surface layers exhibit the highest corrosion resistance. The proportion of iron carbonitrides γ' and ε contained in the compound layer influences the corrosion behavior.
Singular CR structures of constant Webster curvature and applications
Authors: Guidi Chiara , Maalaoui Ali , Martino Vittorio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe consider the sphere equipped with its standard contact form. In this paper, we construct explicit contact forms on , which are conformal to the standard one and whose related Webster metrics have constant Webster curvature; in particular, it is positive if . As main applications, we provide two perturbative results. In the first one, we prove the existence of infinitely many contact forms on conformal to the standard one and having constant Webster curvature, where is a small perturbation of . In the second application, we show that there exist infinitely many bifurcating branches of periodic solutions to the CR Yamabe problem on having constant Webster curvature.
Protective efficacy of a universal influenza mRNA vaccine against the challenge of H1 and H5 influenza A viruses in mice
Authors: Li Yulei , Wang Xi , Zeng Xi , Ren Wenbo , Liao Pu , Zhu Baoli 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCurrent influenza vaccines need to be updated annually owing to constant antigenic drift in the globular head of the viral surface hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein. The immunogenic subdominant stem domain of HA is highly conserved and can be recognized by antibodies capable of binding multiple HA subtypes. Therefore, the HA stem antigen is a promising target for the design of universal influenza vaccines. On the basis of an established lipid nanoparticle‐encapsulated mRNA vaccine platform, we designed and developed a novel universal influenza mRNA vaccine (mHAs) encoding the HA stem antigen of the influenza A (H1N1) virus. We tested the efficacy of the mHAs vaccine using a mouse model. The vaccine induced robust humoral and specific cellular immune responses against the stem region of HA. Importantly, two doses of the mHAs vaccine fully protected mice from lethal challenges of the heterologous H1N1 and heterosubtypic H5N8 influenza viruses. Vaccinated mice had less pathological lung damage and lower viral titers than control mice. These results suggest that an mRNA vaccine using the conserved stem region of HA may provide effective protection against seasonal and other possible influenza variants.
Dual functions: A coumarin–chalcone conjugate inhibits cyclic‐di‐GMP and quorum‐sensing signaling to reduce biofilm formation and virulence of pathogens
Authors: Zhang Yu , Bhasme Pramod , Reddy Dinesh S. , Liu Dejian , Yu Zhaoxiao , Zhao Tianhu , Zheng Yaqian , Kumar Amit , Yu Haiying , Ma Luyan Z. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAntibiotic resistance or tolerance of pathogens is one of the most serious global public health threats. Bacteria in biofilms show extreme tolerance to almost all antibiotic classes. Thus, use of antibiofilm drugs without bacterial‐killing effects is one of the strategies to combat antibiotic tolerance. In this study, we discovered a coumarin–chalcone conjugate C9, which can inhibit the biofilm formation of three common pathogens that cause nosocomial infections, namely, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, with the best antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa. Further investigations indicate that C9 decreases the synthesis of the key biofilm matrix exopolysaccharide Psl and bacterial second messenger cyclic‐di‐GMP. Meanwhile, C9 can interfere with the regulation of the quorum sensing (QS) system to reduce the virulence of P. aeruginosa. C9 treatment enhances the sensitivity of biofilm to several antibiotics and reduces the survival rate of P. aeruginosa under starvation or oxidative stress conditions, indicating its excellent potential for use as an antibiofilm‐forming and anti‐QS drug.
Effects of parental holding on pain response in young children during cystometry: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Park Jieun , Lee Hyejung , Han Sang Won , Choi Eun Kyoung 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionCystometry is essential for evaluating bladder function. However, children may react negatively to the physical pain of urethral catheterization or anxiety and fear of an unfamiliar environment. These pain responses during the cystometry procedure may interfere with the cystometry procedure and make it difficult to interpret the cystometry result. In this regard, the International Children's Continence Society has advised performing cystometry while holding infants as an effective nonpharmacological pain management method, but there is insufficient evidence to support this.PurposeThis study aimed to analyze the effect of parental holding on reducing pain in children during cystometry.MethodsThis was an experimental study in a randomized controlled pre–post test design. A total of 64 participants aged 6–18 months were recruited. During cystometry, the participants in the experimental group were placed on the parent's laps and held in the parents' arms. The participants in the control group were laid down on the examination table. During the procedure, both groups of parents were allowed to touch their children in all ways except holding them and to use the pacifier if they wished. The behavioral (face, leg, activity, cry, consolability scale) and physiological (oxygen saturation and heart rate) pain responses were measured at three‐time points (immediately, 3, and 10 min after urethral catheter insertion).ResultsComparing the two groups, in the experimental group, the behavioral pain response at 3 min after urethral catheter insertion (t = −2.165, p = 0.034) and 10 min after (t = −3.155, p = 0.002) was decreased compared with that immediately after urethral catheter insertion. In addition, oxygen saturation increased more (t = 2.021, p = 0.048), and the heart rate decreased more (t = −2.033, p = 0.047) at 10 min than at 3 min after urethral catheter insertion in the experimental group.ConclusionsThis study revealed that parental holding could reduce pain responses during cystometry in children. Further research is required to confirm the applicability and usefulness of parental holding during cystometry.
Efficacy and safety of desmopressin in nocturia and nocturnal polyuria control of neurological patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hajebrahimi Sakineh , Darvishi Afra , HajEbrahimi Reyhaneh , Asadi Nazli , Jafari Shendi Zahra , Asiaban Negar , Naseri Amirreza , Sadeghi‐Ghyassi Fatemeh , Mostafaei Hadi , Salehi‐Pourmehr Hanieh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeEvidence on the efficacy of desmopressin in nocturia in patients with neurological diseases is still very limited except for multiple sclerosis (MS). Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of desmopressin treatment on nocturia in patients with underlying neurological diseases.MethodsStudies were identified by electronic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Google Scholar databases. Studies were considered if they provided information on the effectiveness and safety of desmopressin (1‐desamino‐8‐d‐arginine vasopressin, or DDAVP) in the treatment of nocturia and their participants had acquired neurological pathology. Two researchers independently extracted the articles using specified datasets, such as quality‐of‐study indicators. Statistical meta‐analysis was carried out using Review Manager (RevMan) 5.4 statistical software (Cochrane Collaboration).ResultsOf a total of 1042 articles in the initial search, 14 studies were included. Most of the published papers were related to MS (n = 7), two were on spinal cord injury, and other conditions were neural tube defect, myelodysplasia, Parkinson's disease, stroke, and multiple system atrophy. Overall, a total of 200 patients (mostly females) were enrolled. Thirteen studies evaluated the intranasal formulation of desmopressin and one study evaluated oral desmopressin. A significant decrease in nocturia episodes was reported in seven studies evaluating this topic. An increase in the maximum hours of uninterrupted sleep was reported in the three studies in which this outcome was assessed. A significant reduction in the volume of nocturnal incontinence was found in one study. Three studies were eligible to include in the meta‐analysis. The results showed that desmopressin compared to placebo, significantly reduced nighttime urination (mean difference: −0.75, 95% CI: −1.10 to −0.41; p < 0.00001). The rate of adverse events ranged from 0% to 68.42%. The critical appraisal results for all trials showed that most of the studies had low or moderate quality.ConclusionsOur results emphasized desmopressin's safety and efficacy in reducing nocturia episodes, with transient adverse effects on neurological patients. However, the data were achieved from low or medium‐quality trials, and further well‐designed randomized controlled trials are needed.
Transfer learning of recurrent neural network‐based plasticity models
Authors: Heidenreich Julian N. , Bonatti Colin , Mohr Dirk 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMechanics‐specific recurrent neural network (RNN) models are known for their ability to describe the complex three‐dimensional stress–strain response of elasto‐plastic solids for arbitrary loading paths. To apply RNN models to real materials, it is crucial to identify a strategy that allows for their training from small datasets that could be obtained from robot‐assisted experiments. It is demonstrated that regular training with datasets comprising random walks (RWs) in strain space yield a significantly higher generalization ability than the same number of sequences for smooth loading paths. Moreover, it is found that transfer learning, that is, initializing the weights and biases with the parameters from an already trained material, improves the convergence rates and reduces the required number of stress–strain sequences for training. When leveraging the experience gained for multiple materials through ensemble transfer learning, even more substantial improvements are obtained. For example, the same model accuracy and generalization ability is obtained from training with 400 smooth stress–strain sequences after ensemble transfer as from training with 10,000 RW sequences after regular training.
Predictors of care burden among caregivers of patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Janatolmakan Maryam , Naghipour Armin , Rezaeian Shahab , Khatony Alireza 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo explore predictors of care burden among the caregivers of patients with COVID‐19.DesignThe findings of this cross‐sectional study were presented in accordance with the guidelines outlined in the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement.MethodsThe samples included 172 caregivers in Imam Reza and Farabi Hospitals, located in Kermanshah, Iran, who were enrolled in the study using convenience sampling. A demographic information form and the Caregiver Burden Inventory were administered. The data were collected between 13 May 202 and 20 August 2021.ResultsOf the caregivers, 62.8% (n = 108) were male and 71.5% (n = 123) were over 40 years old. Furthermore, 66.3% (n = 114) of caregivers had severe and very severe care burden, with a mean care burden of 78.9 ± 20.4 out of 120. A statistically significant difference was found between care burden and the variables of monthly income, health status, number of patients under care and residence status (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe caregivers experienced a high care burden, which can have harmful effects on them. Therefore, it is necessary to provide them with various forms of economic, psychological and social support.
Sociodemographic Disparities in Educational Services in Children who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing
Authors: Stephens Erika M. , Eltawil Yasmin , Khalsa Inderpreet Kaur , Manjarrez Leslie , Stephans Jihyun , Chan Dylan K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveExamine the association between sociodemographic factors and Individualized Education Program (IEP) establishment.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTertiary referral center.MethodsParticipants included deaf or hard‐of‐hearing children who were eligible for an IEP with “deafness” or “hard of hearing” as a primary or secondary disability. Primary outcome measures were time intervals between initial referral for services and parental consent; parental consent to determination of eligibility; and initial referral to eligibility (the sum of the previous 2 intervals). Student's t tests and linear regression were used to examine the association between sociodemographic factors and the primary outcome variables.ResultsOf the 88 participants, 51 (58%) were male, 45 (51%) were from underrepresented minority (URM) groups, 35 (40%) spoke a primary language other than English, and 53 (60%) utilized public insurance. IEP establishment was significantly delayed in participants who required an English‐language interpreter. Most of the delay occurred in the time between the initial referral and parental consent (mean: 115 vs 37 days, P = .02). There were also significant delays from the time of referral for services to eligibility in URM participants (mean: 159 vs 85 days, P = .04). Significant delays were also associated with Minority Status and Language within social vulnerability index percentile rankings.ConclusionThis study found that IEP establishment was delayed in both URM participants and those who required an English‐language interpreter. These results highlight the importance of clear communication between the school system and caregivers in the IEP establishment process, particularly with families who require an English‐language interpreter or identify as URM.
Characteristics and outcomes of pregnancies in the Maternal Outcomes Masterset real‐world database
Authors: Gibbs Liza R. , Ali Ayad K. , Albright Dawn G. , Rubinstein Emily R. , Klesh Reyna , Zimmerman Ruth , Garry Elizabeth M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeDescribe patient characteristics and pregnancy outcomes among all pregnant patients, and additionally describe infant outcomes among the subset with linked infants in the Maternal Outcomes Masterset (MOM).MethodsWe used closed claims within the MOM data to identify publicly and privately insured patients at the first record of pregnancy January 1, 2018–December 1, 2021, with ≥180 days baseline enrollment. We described characteristics during baseline and follow‐up (until an observed pregnancy endpoint, disenrollment, or 42‐week maximum). We described maternal and infant characteristics overall and by infant linkage and contextualized them within national statistics.ResultsAmong the 1 438 861 pregnant patients meeting the study criteria, the most common pregnancy endpoint recorded was live birth (42%) followed by spontaneous abortion (14%). Among 602 721 patients with a live birth, 99% had a week‐specific gestational age recorded and 35% had at least one linked infant. Patients with infant linkage and sufficient follow‐up (N = 155 621) had similar baseline comorbidities, pregnancy complications, and gestational age at delivery as those without any linkage. However, more patients with linkage had commercial coverage (70% vs. 31%), and were therefore older (50% vs. 31% aged ≥30 years) and more likely to have an unknown race (57% vs. 34%).ConclusionsIn this large sample of pregnant patients, maternal and infant characteristics generally align with national statistics, providing confidence in the use of this data source for pregnancy research. Further, confirmation that the subset of patients with infant linkage is similar to the overall pregnancy cohort provides assurance that this subset can be considered representative.
Use of molnupiravir: A Danish nationwide drug utilization study
Authors: Ladebo Louise , Rasmussen Lotte , Jensen Peter Bjødstrup , Lindahl Mette , Øvrehus Anne , Hallas Jesper , Reilev Mette 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo describe utilization patterns, characteristics of users and prescribers of the new oral antiviral medication, molnupiravir, indicated for mild‐to‐moderate COVID‐19.MethodsUsing nationwide registries, we identified all Danish adults who filled a prescription for molnupiravir from December 16th, 2021, to August 31st, 2022. We described weekly incidence rates and patient characteristics over time, prescriber characteristics as well as time between molnupiravir initiation and a positive SARs‐CoV‐2 test. Patient characteristics were compared to matched, untreated SARS‐CoV‐2 positive reference groups.ResultsBy August 31st, 2022, 5847 individuals had filled a prescription for molnupiravir. The incidence rate gradually increased to 16 weekly prescriptions per 1000 RT‐PCR SARS‐CoV‐2 positives. Users of molnupiravir were most often men (55% vs. 45% women). The majority (81%) had a positive RT‐PCR SARS‐CoV‐2 test and few (2.9%) redeemed molnupiravir outside the recommended window of 5 days from the positive test result. Compared to matched, untreated SARS‐CoV‐2 positive reference groups, users of molnupiravir had a median age of 74 years versus 49 years, a higher proportion resided in a nursing home (12% vs. 1.5%) and had a higher number of comorbidities (median of 3 vs. 0); most commonly hypertension (38%), chronic lung disease (35%), diabetes (20%) and mood disorders (20%). General practitioners were the primary prescribers of molnupiravir (91%).ConclusionsMolnupiravir was mainly prescribed by general practitioners to RT‐PCR SARS‐CoV‐2 positive individuals who had a potentially increased risk of severe COVID‐19. Though some off‐label prescribing occurred, our study indicates a high level of adherence to contemporary guidelines.