bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The stratification of ISM properties in the edge-on galaxy NGC 891 revealed by NIKA2
Authors: Katsioli S. , Xilouris E. M. , Kramer C. , Adam R. , Ade P. , Ajeddig H. , André P. , Artis E. , Aussel H. , Baes M. , Beelen A. , Benoît A. , Berta S. , Bing L. , Bourrion O. , Calvo M. , Catalano A. , Clark C. J. R. , De Looze I. , De Petris M. , Désert F.-X. , Doyle S. , Driessen E. F. C. , Ejlali G. , Galametz M. , Galliano F. , Gomez A. , Goupy J. , Hanser C. , Hughes A. , Jones A. P. , Kéruzoré F. , Ladjelate B. , Lagache G. , Leclercq S. , Lestrade J.-F. , Macías-Pérez J.-F. , Madden S. C. , Maury A. , Mauskopf P. , Mayet F. , Monfardini A. , Muñoz-Echeverría M. , Nersesian A. , Pantoni L. , Paradis D. , Perotto L. , Pisano G. , Ponthieu N. , Revéret V. , Rigby A. J. , Ritacco A. , Romero C. , Roussel H. , Ruppin F. , Schuster K. , Sievers A. , Smith M. W. L. , Tedros J. , Tabatabaei F. , Tucker C. , Ysard N. , Zylka R. 
Published: September 2023

Context. As the millimeter wavelength range remains a largely unexplored spectral region for galaxies, the IMEGIN large program aims to map the millimeter continuum emission of 22 nearby galaxies at 1.15 and 2 mm.
Aims. Using the high-resolution maps produced by the NIKA2 camera, we explore the existence of very cold dust and take possible contamination by free–free and synchrotron emission into account. We study the IR-to-radio emission coming from different regions along the galactic plane and at large vertical distances.
Methods. New observations of NGC 891, using the NIKA2 camera on the IRAM 30 m telescope, along with a suite of observations at other wavelengths were used to perform a multiwavelength study of the spectral energy distribution in the interstellar medium in this galaxy. This analysis was performed globally and locally, using the advanced hierarchical Bayesian fitting code, HerBIE, coupled with the THEMIS dust model.
Results. Our dust modeling is able to reproduce the near-IR to millimeter emission of NGC 891, with the exception of an excess at a level of 25% obtained by the NIKA2 observations in the outermost parts of the disk. The radio continuum and thermal dust emission are distributed differently in the disk and galaxy halo. Different dusty environments are also revealed by a multiwavelength investigation of the emission features. Our detailed decomposition at millimeter and centimeter wavelengths shows that emission at 1 mm is purely originated by dust. Radio components become progressively important with increasing wavelengths. Finally, we find that emission arising from small dust grains accounts for ∼9.5% of the total dust mass, reaching up to 20% at large galactic latitudes. Shock waves in the outflows that shatter the dust grains might explain this higher fraction of small grains in the halo.
Conclusions. NIKA2 observations have proven essential for a complete characterization of the interstellar medium in NGC 891. They have been critical to separate the dust, free–free, and synchrotron emission in the various emitting regions within the galaxy.
Medication Reconciliation during Transitions of Care Across Institutions: A Quantitative Analysis of Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Araya Alejandro , Thornton Logan R. , Kwon Deukwoo , Ferguson Gayla M. , Highfield Linda D. , Hwang Kevin O. , Holmes Holly M. , Bernstam Elmer V. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective Medication discrepancies between clinical systems may pose a patient safety hazard. In this paper, we identify challenges and quantify medication discrepancies across transitions of care.
Methods We used structured clinical data and free-text hospital discharge summaries to compare active medications' lists at four time points: preadmission (outpatient), at-admission (inpatient), at-discharge (inpatient), and postdischarge (outpatient). Medication lists were normalized to RxNorm. RxNorm identifiers were further processed using the RxNav API to identify the ingredient. The specific drugs and ingredients from inpatient and outpatient medication lists were compared.
Results Using RxNorm drugs, the median percentage intersection when comparing active medication lists within the same electronic health record system ranged between 94.1 and 100% indicating substantial overlap. Similarly, when using RxNorm ingredients the median percentage intersection was 94.1 to 100%. In contrast, the median percentage intersection when comparing active medication lists across EHR systems was significantly lower (RxNorm drugs: 6.1–7.1%; RxNorm ingredients: 29.4–35.0%) indicating that the active medication lists were significantly less similar (p < 0.05).Medication lists in the same EHR system are more similar to each other (fewer discrepancies) than medication lists in different EHR systems when comparing specific RxNorm drug and the more general RxNorm ingredients at transitions of care. Transitions of care that require interoperability between two EHR systems are associated with more discrepancies than transitions where medication changes are expected (e.g., at-admission vs. at-discharge). Challenges included lack of access to structured, standardized medication data across systems, and difficulty distinguishing medications from orderable supplies such as lancets and diabetic test strips.
Conclusion Despite the challenges to medication normalization, there are opportunities to identify and assist with medication reconciliation across transitions of care between institutions.
External Auditory Canal: Computed Tomography Analysis and Classification
Authors: El-Anwar Mohammad Waheed , Fouad Yasser Ahmed , Elgohary Ahmed Fouad , Saber Sameh , Mobasher Mohamed Adel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction Computed tomography (CT) details of the external auditory canal (EAC) are not fully covered in the literature, so building up base for the CT evaluation and description is important. Preoperative details of the EAC are mandatory before any approach or procedure involving the canal.
Objective To determine the different dimensions, measurements, and grading of the EAC by CT scan that were not previously published.
Methods The CT scans of 100 temporal bones (200 sides) were included. Axial images were acquired with multiplanar reformates to obtain delicate details in coronal and sagittal planes for all subjects.
Results At the EAC entry, the mean vertical length (height) was 7.75 ± 1 mm, and its mean horizontal length (width) was 6.1 ± 0.8. At the bony cartilaginous junction of the EAC, the mean vertical length was 7.88 ± 1 mm, and its mean horizontal length was 6.22 ± 0.9. At the EAC isthmus, the mean vertical length was 6.8 ± 0.97 mm, and its mean horizontal length was 5.2 ± 0.76. At the medial end of the EAC, the mean vertical length was 7.1 ± 0.9 mm, and its mean horizontal length was 5.4 ± 0.85. There were no reported significant differences between right and left sides in all dimensions. Males showed significantly longer vertical and horizontal dimensions of the EAC entry, vertical dimension of the isthmus, and vertical dimension of the medial end of the EAC than females.
Conclusion This study improves otologists and radiologists' awareness of EAC variations in the ear field and can be of help to residents in training.
Oral Contraceptive Pills Increase Circulating 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D Concentrations in Women Who Are Lactating
Authors: Huff Lori L. , Schulz Elizabeth V. , Richardson Colby D. , Ebeling Myla D. , Shary Judy R. , Hollis Bruce W. , Wagner Carol L. 
Published: September 2023

Objective This article aims to determine the association between maternal 25-hydroxy-vitamin D [25(OH)D] status and intake of hormonal oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) in women who are lactating.
Study Design Women who were exclusively breastfeeding participated in a randomized controlled trial assessing vitamin D supplementation at 400, 2,400, or 6,400 international unit (IU)/d from 1 month through 7 months postpartum. This observational, secondary analysis assessed whether OCPs were associated with maternal 25(OH)D concentrations in women who are lactating. Multivariate regression models were used to predict 25(OH)D concentrations and create parameter estimates for each variable.
Results In a bivariate analysis, the use of OCPs at 4 months was associated with increased serum 25(OH)D (p = 0.02). OCPs' use at 7 months was associated with a higher trend in 25(OH)D, but this finding was not statistically significant (p = 0.1). In a multivariate regression model at 4 months, independent positive predictors of 25(OH)D concentrations were the use of OCPs (p = 0.03) and treatment with vitamin D at 6,400 IU/d (p ≤ 0.0001). Negative predictors were Black (p = 0.001) and Hispanic (p = 0.0001) race and ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 (p = 0.0002). The same pattern occurred at 7 months, with more southern latitude as a positive independent predictor (p = 0.04) of 25(OH)D concentration.
Conclusion The use of OCPs was associated with greater 25(OH)D in women who are lactating. Additionally, treatment with vitamin D at 6,400 IU/d and southern latitude was associated with greater 25(OH)D in women who are lactating. Black and Hispanic race and ethnicity, and BMI greater than 30, were independently associated with lower 25(OH)D in women who are lactating.
Key Points
Foetal programming meets human capital: biological plasticity, development, and the limits to the economization of life
Authors: Moll Tessa , Meloni Maurizio , Issaka Ayuba 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe disciplinary integration of biology and economy is taking new forms in the postgenomic era, transforming long-standing exchanges between human biology and economics. In this article, we first describe how an emerging area of research in development and health economics has embraced, stabilized, and expanded the emerging field of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). We map the global expansion of this literature particularly in the Global South. Via an analysis of shifting models of health in human capital, we argue that as economists draw on DOHaD theories, their increasing focus on marginalized groups in postcolonial settings produces a darker model of health deficit. Based on notions of accumulated shocks, this model questions the generalizable expansion of the economization of life and speaks to a wider and more sombre range of figures. Health models in economics reflect the double nature of biological and developmental plasticity caught between agency and passivity, change, and near-permanency.
Mass-selected ion–molecule cluster beam apparatus for ultrafast photofragmentation studies
Authors: Wang Xiaojun , Hasan Mahmudul , Fan Lin , Wang Yibo , Li Hui , Slaughter Daniel S. , Centurion Martin 
Published: September 2023

We describe an apparatus for investigating the excited-state dissociation dynamics of mass-selected ion–molecule clusters by mass-resolving and detecting photofragment-ions and neutrals, in coincidence, using an ultrafast laser operating at high repetition rates. The apparatus comprises a source that generates ion–molecule clusters, a time-of-flight spectrometer, and a mass filter that selects the desired anions, and a linear-plus-quadratic reflectron mass spectrometer that discriminates the fragment anions after the femtosecond laser excites the clusters. The fragment neutrals and anions are then captured by two channeltron detectors. The apparatus performance is tested by measuring the photofragments: I−, CF3I−, and neutrals from photoexcitation of the ion–molecule cluster CF3I·I− using femtosecond UV laser pulses with a wavelength of 266 nm. The experimental results are compared with our ground state and excited state electronic structure calculations as well as the existing results and calculations, with particular attention to the generation mechanism of the anion fragments and dissociation channels of the ion–molecule cluster CF3I·I− in the charge-transfer excited state.
Neutral gas pressure dependence of ion–ion mutual neutralization rate constants using Landau–Zener theory coupled with trajectory simulations
Authors: Liu Zhibo , Roy Mrittika , DeYonker Nathan J. , Gopalakrishnan Ranganathan 
Published: September 2023

In this computational study, we describe a self-consistent trajectory simulation approach to capture the effect of neutral gas pressure on ion–ion mutual neutralization (MN) reactions. The electron transfer probability estimated using Landau–Zener (LZ) transition state theory is incorporated into classical trajectory simulations to elicit predictions of MN cross sections in vacuum and rate constants at finite neutral gas pressures. Electronic structure calculations with multireference configuration interaction and large correlation consistent basis sets are used to derive inputs to the LZ theory. The key advance of our trajectory simulation approach is the inclusion of the effect of ion-neutral interactions on MN using a Langevin representation of the effect of background gas on ion transport. For H+ − H− and Li+ − H(D)−, our approach quantitatively agrees with measured speed-dependent cross sections for up to ∼105 m/s. For the ion pair Ne+ − Cl−, our predictions of the MN rate constant at ∼1 Torr are a factor of ∼2 to 3 higher than the experimentally measured value. Similarly, for Xe+ − F− in the pressure range of ∼20 000–80 000 Pa, our predictions of the MN rate constant are ∼20% lower but are in excellent qualitative agreement with experimental data. The paradigm of using trajectory simulations to self-consistently capture the effect of gas pressure on MN reactions advanced here provides avenues for the inclusion of additional nonclassical effects in future work.
Ultra-broadband THz absorbers based on 3D graphene
Authors: Kumar Prabhat , Šilhavík Martin , Červenka Jiří , Kužel Petr 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We use terahertz and multi-terahertz spectroscopy to investigate optical properties of three-dimensional (3D) graphene across a wide frequency range of 0.15–10 THz. We explore the electromagnetic shielding, stealth, and absorber capabilities of 3D graphene samples annealed at various temperatures up to 1300 °C. We show that the tradeoff between the transmitted, absorbed and reflected power of the materials can be controlled by the annealing temperature through a fine broadband tuning of the refractive and absorptive indices of the material. This ultralight system (with a specific mass of

∼
7

mg c

m

−
3

) is capable of acting as a stealth element (non-annealed sample,

R
<
1
%

), THz absorber (annealing at 750 °C,

A
>
85
%

) or a shielding coating (annealing at 1300 °C,

T
<
0.1
%

) within an ultrabroadband range of 0.2–7 THz. All these properties can be combined by stacking these materials on top of each other, which provides unique opportunities for THz applications.
Fault detection system of subway sliding plug door based on adaptive EMD method
Authors: Wang Weibo , Liu Wenxiu , Lin Chuan , Li Mingyue , Zheng Yongkang , Liu Dong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of urban rail transit, the safety of subway sliding plug doors has become a great concern. To improve the operational reliability of the sliding plug door, we developed a fault detection system based on the adaptive empirical mode decomposition (AEMD). Firstly, we designed a hardware acquisition device and analysis software to collect motor current signal data during the opening and closing of the sliding plug door. Secondly, to address the impact of noise on signal analysis, the AEMD denoising method is proposed. This method employs EMD to obtain intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), and select the appropriate IMF components for reconstruction based on the adaptive threshold of Hausdorff distance, resulting in improved denoising effectiveness. Thirdly, waveform segments of different faults are sliced to reduce the amount of computation and effectively improve recognition accuracy. Meanwhile, this paper utilizes feature selection methods and machine learning techniques to classify the 12 subway sliding plug door faults. It is worth noting that most of these faults have not been extensively studied in previous classification research. The experimental results show that the identification accuracy reaches 98.96% on the practical platform. Moreover, the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed method are further validated through practical tests, ablation experiments, and comparisons with other relevant literature.
Rapid production of silver nanofibers using a self-reducing solution
Authors: Zhao Xu , Onodera Chiho , Muraoka Mikio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Silver nanofibers (Ag NFs) have gained considerable attention because of their high transmittance resulting from the size effect, excellent electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties. However, synthesizing high-quality Ag NFs remains a challenge. This paper reports a novel self-reducing solution that contains platinum nanoparticles for the rapid production of Ag NFs. The method involves generating the precursor NFs and heating them in air, which reduces silver nitrate to Ag NFs within a few minutes. The as-prepared solution is characterized by its simple preparation, cost-effectiveness, and broad applicability. Additionally, the use of high-pressure airflow to directly spin the solution and a complete self-reduction system that does not depend on external conditions broadens the application prospects of the as-developed solution. Furthermore, we provide insights into the self-reduction mechanism and guidance on the preparation of self-reducing solutions.
Investigating the influence of temperature-dependent rheological properties on nanofluid behavior in heat transfer
Authors: Hassan Mohsan , Rizwan Muhammad , Bhatti M M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Nanofluids are advanced heat transfer fluids whose performance is influenced by various thermo-physical properties, including nanoparticle volume fraction, base fluid, and temperature. Rheological mathematical models have been established by using empirical data in order to characterize these features as dependent on parameters such as volume fraction, base fluid composition, and temperature. These models have been integrated into transport equations. Nanofluids composed of metallic oxides (Al2O3, SiO2) and carbon nanostructures (PEG-GnP, PEG-TGr) dispersed in deionized H2O, with nanoparticle concentrations ranging from 0.025% to 0.1%, and temperatures between 30 °C and 50 °C, were utilized to investigate flow over thin needle. The rheological models contained transport equations include the partial differential equations. The transport equations were simplified through various transformations and then solved numerically. The results in form of velocity and temperature distributions were obtained, along with boundary layer parameters, Nusselt number and coefficient of skin friction. The present study contributes to the existing knowledge by elucidating the intricate relationship between nanoparticle volume fraction, base fluid properties, and temperature in nanofluid behavior.
Nonlinear dissipative wave trains in a system of self-propelled particles
Authors: Edouma Biloa Blaise P , Tabi Conrad B , Ekobena Fouda Henri P , C Kofané Timoléon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe paper addresses the existence of modulated nonlinear periodic wave trains in a system of self-propelled particles (SPPs). The reductive perturbation method reduces the model hydrodynamics equations to a one-dimensional (1D) complex Ginzburg-Landau (CGL) equation. The modulational instability (MI) phenomenon is studied, where an expression for the instability growth rate is proposed. The latter is used to discuss regions of parameters where trains of solitonic waves are likely to be obtained. This is highly influenced by the values of the variances of Gaussian noise in self-diffusion and binary collision. Solutions for the CGL equations are also studied via the Porubov technique, using a combination of Jacobi and Weierstrass elliptic functions. Wave propagation in the self-propelled particles flock includes modulated nonlinear wave trains, nonlinear spatially localized periodic patterns, and continuous waves.
Two interacting electrons in N-dimensional quantum dot with generalized cornell potential
Authors: Dossa Finagnon A , Dagoudo Léonie , Avossevou Gabriel Y H 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this work, the interacting electrons in N-dimensional quantum dot with generalized Cornell potential in the presence of an external magnetic field are investigated using the Laplace transformation method. The energy eigenvalues and the corresponding normalized wave functions are calculated. The parameter defining the force of a constant traction on the electrons is quantified and represents well the negative of the electric force. The spectrum for some special cases of the generalized Cornell potential is obtained. One of the applications of such models is the calculation of heavy quarkonia mass spectra. We have calculated these masses and the current results are in agreement with the experimental data.
Two-dimensional realization of electromagnetically induced phase grating in a quantum dot nanostructure
Authors: Batoo K M , Al-Dolaimy F , Zaid M , Omran A A , Kareem S H , Hussain S , Abdulkadhim A H , Rasen F A , Alawadi A H , Alsaalamy A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper a novel method for electromagnetically induced phase grating in a quantum dot nanostructure is proposed. The four-level quantum dot nanostructure which is designed by solving the Schrödinger and Poisson equations. By size control of quantum dot and external voltage, one can obtain appropriate energy levels which can be interacted by four-optical fields. In this case, a probe, a two-dimensional standing wave and a driving field simultaneously interact by quantum dot for creation of coherent population trapping. A terahertz (THz) signal can influence the electron population in dark and bright levels, therefore optical susceptibility and transmission spectrum of probe field in the medium can be altered. In the presence of the THz field, the medium becomes phase dependent and this makes more of probe energy transfer to the higher order of the diffraction.
Numerical and experimental investigation on cold drawing process of high spiral angle tube
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Baoyu , Fu Zhenwei , Lai Zhuowei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A novel method of cold drawing process of high spiral angle tube made of 304 stainless steel is proposed. Forming principles of high spiral angle tube are calculated. New drawing dies are designed and manufactured. Numerical simulation and corresponding experiments are carried out. Forming quality and defects of cold drawing are discussed. Various factors affecting metal flow during cold drawing process are studied in detail. Finite element model of cold drawing process is established. The variation of drawing load is presented. The distributions of equivalent stress and equivalent strain in different directions during cold drawing process are analyzed. Displacements of points in axial direction and circumference direction during cold drawing process are compared respectively. The evolutions of microstructure during cold drawing process are studied.