bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sonographic evaluation of enthesopathy in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Tharwat Samar , Nassar Mohammed Kamal , Enein Asmaa , Asad Muhammad Emran 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases. It affects mainly the synovial membranes of the small joints. However, it may also have extra-articular manifestations. Enthesopathy may occur as one of the extra-articular manifestations of RA and is not clinically detected. Ultrasound (US) is a relatively new tool for the detection of enthesopathy.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the presence and distribution of enthesopathy in RA patients using US.

Patients and methods
Twenty-nine consecutive patients with RA and 14 age-matched healthy controls were included in this study. All RA patients met the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for RA. Six entheses sites were evaluated using gray scale and Doppler US with a linear transducer and were scored using the Madrid Sonography Enthesitis Index (MASEI).

Results
US detected the presence of enthesopathy in patients with RA. There was a statistically significant difference in the enthesopathy score of plantar aponeurosis insertion and Achilles tendon insertion. The total enthesopathy score was statistically significant in patients with RA versus controls.

Conclusion
US entheseal abnormalities are present in a high percentage of RA patients. US enthesopathy is not associated with disease activity in RA patients.
Helicobacter pylori in benign versus malignant laryngeal lesions
Authors: El-Anwar Mohammad W. , Raafat Ashraf , Abdehady Mohammad , Eissa Eman A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aim was to investigate the existence of immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibody against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in blood sample from patients having laryngeal lesions and comparing its level in benign versus malignant lesions.

Patients and Methods
Under general anesthesia, direct laryngoscopy was performed for patients having laryngeal lesions, and biopsy was taken and sent for histopathology. Anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from venous blood samples from each patient.

Results
Within the included 56 patients, 30 had benign lesion and 26 (46%) had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Overall, 73.3% of patient with benign lesions were seropositive and 92.3% of patient with laryngeal SCC were seropositive. The mean anti-H. pylori IgG antibody level was significantly (P=0.0041) higher in patients who had SCC (23.93±19.6) than patients who had benign laryngeal lesions (38.9±27.5).

Conclusion
Laryngeal lesions are commonly associated with H. Pylori infection and showed significantly higher level in laryngeal SCC than benign lesions, reflecting more association of larynx cancer with H. pylori infection.
Vestibular function assessment in cochlear implant patients
Authors: El-Karaksy Alia A. R. M. , Kouzo Hesham S. , Attallah Mohamed B. , Talaat Mohamed A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Anatomical and embryological relations between cochlear and vestibular end organs predispose them to same noxious or developmental factors, thus these may affect either or both systems. Cochlear implantation being a widely used procedure for restoration of hearing in patients who are not candidates for regular amplification, may affect by different means the vestibular system. One of these factors include the surgical procedure. The aim of this study is to assess the vestibular function in cochlear implant candidates before surgery to exclude coexisting vestibular affection with the sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Reassessment after operation was done to determine the risk posed by surgery and for correlating the surgical approach to vestibular findings.

Materials and methods
The case series presented herein is of cochlear implant candidates who underwent full audiological and radiological assessment. Vestibular assessment was done before and after operation and included cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and ocular vemp (oVEMP) for evaluation of otolith organs. Video head impulse test (VHIT) was used to evaluate semicircular canal.

Results
Preliminary results show that patients may exhibit vestibular loss concomitant to the SNHL even with the absence of vestibular complaints. Patients who had normal preoperative vestibular function showed affected vestibular tests after the surgery. There was a mismatch between these objective findings and the subjective complaint of imbalance or vertigo.

Conclusion
Despite the minor risk posed by cochlear implant (CI) surgery for the subjective vestibular affection, the side with worse vestibular function should be chosen for CI if other factors are equal to avoid postoperative vestibular loss.
Nasopharyngeal cavernous hemangioma: an approach to remove
Authors: El-Anwar Mohammad W. , Elnashar Ismail , Elsheikh Ezzeddin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Few nasal cavernous haemangiomas have been previously reported, only nasopharyngeal cavernous hemangiomas have been reported; both arise from the lateral wall of the nasopharynx. We reported the case of a 27-year-old woman who had repeated severe epistaxis and nasal obstruction of 6 months duration. Computed tomography showed a large vascular nasopharyngeal mass. Complete endoscopic removal of the mass that was found to arise from the posterior end of the nasal septum was achieved without complications. Histopathology showed a cavernous heamangioma. Epistaxis completely stopped throughout the 12-month follow-up. This is the first work to describe the management of nasopharyngeal cavernous heamangiomas originating from the posterior end of the nasal septum. Transnasal endoscopic approach permits adequate exposure of the lesion, control of bleeding, and complete hemangioma removal.
Hearing profile in Egyptian children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders
Authors: Salama Mohamed , Elbeh Khaled A. , Hammad Emad M. , Said Eman Abdel-Fattah , Nashaat Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuropsychiatric syndrome with onset in childhood, most commonly becoming more apparent during the first few years of grade school. The aim of this study is to assess peripheral hearing and central auditory processing as well as cognitive function in 30 children diagnosed with ADHD. Their age ranged from 6 to 16 years (16 males and 14 females) and their IQ of at least 70. All of them were subjected to a basic audiological evaluation, and assessment of auditory brainstem responses, slow vertex response, and P300 waves using the oddball paradigm.

Results
No significant differences were found between pure tone thresholds and speech audiometry between the study and the control groups. There was a statistically significant increase in auditory brainstem response (ABR) absolute latencies (III and V) and interpeak latencies (I–III and I–V) at both low repetition rate and high repetition rate. Also, an increase in latencies of N1, P2, N2, and P300 latencies was observed with decreased P300 amplitude of the study group compared with the control groups. A significant mild positive correlation was found between P300 and both wave V latency and I–V interpeak latency.

Conclusion
The results of this study provide more evidence of central auditory processing involvement in children with ADHD and show the role of ABR and P300 in the management of these children.
An Observational Data Analytical Research on Pediatric Cardiomegaly as a Predictor of Structural or Functional Heart Diseases
Authors: Tomar Munesh , Ahmad Fatima Afreen , Chaudhuri Maitri , Agarwal Vikas 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Chest X-ray (CXR) is a routine, noninvasive test advised in a plethora of pediatric non-cardiac conditions such as bronchopneumonia, respiratory distress, failure to thrive, suspected tuberculosis, and for preoperative anesthesia clearance. Finding of cardiomegaly (CM) on CXR is a common cause of referral to a pediatric cardiologist. The question lies in its significance: whether CM in CXR corroborates with cardiac disease (s), structural or functional.

Materials and Methods:
The data of 229 children (median age: 6 months), referred to pediatric cardiology unit for echocardiography with CXR depicting CM over a period of 2 years (June 2019 to July 2021), were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical and laboratory findings, CXR, and echocardiography were analyzed for all children to determine the positive predictive value of CM in CXR to detect cardiac disease. Echocardiography was taken as gold standard to reach the cardiac diagnosis.

Results:
True CM was noted in 85% (Group A), whereas 15% had false CM (Group B). Group A comprised structural heart defect in 71.7% and ventricular dysfunction in 13.3%. Less common causes were severe anemia, hypertensive heart failure, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, diphtheritic cardiomyopathy, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, pericardial effusion, thiamine deficiency, and severe idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. In Group B, the most common reasons for false diagnosis were expiratory film (n = 18), thymic shadow (n = 12), and chest deformity and mediastinal mass (n = 2 each).

Conclusion:
CM in CXR strongly correlates with cardiac involvement and has a high positive predictive value. Combining clinical, laboratory, and CXR interpretation enables the pediatrician to achieve a rapid functional diagnosis. Medical stabilization can be initiated with this knowledge pending the availability of echocardiography in resource-limited areas. Detailed evaluation at a pediatric cardiac center should be completed to reach a final diagnosis in all such patients. In the absence of congenital heart disease, known acquired causes leading to cardiac compromise should be actively looked for.
Determinants of Malnutrition among Elderly Women Living in Institutional Care
Authors: Moses Jessica Subashini , John Sheila , Monica Sarah Jane , Priyadarshini S. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Healthy aging and well-being are largely influenced by nutrition.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to evaluate the risk of malnutrition in elderly women residing in institutional care and its contributing factors.

Methodology:
One hundred institutionalized women aged 60 years and above were screened for malnutrition using Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool. Details on sociodemographic profile, physical activity, medical conditions, and food habits were gathered through researcher administered survey method.

Results:
The study participants had an average height of 149.70 cm (±7.31), weight of 50.72 kg (±9.11), body mass index of 22.77 kg/m2 (±4.68), body fat percentage of 31.30% (±8.99), mid-arm circumference of 27.36 cm (±7.84), calf circumference of 30.11 cm (±7.51), MNA score of 10.42 (±4.06), and hand grip strength score of 18.69 kg/lbs (±3.80). Upon analyzing the MNA scores, it was found that 9% of elderly women were well nourished, 62% were at risk of malnutrition, and 29% were malnourished. A significant difference was observed in the mean MNA scores (P < 0.05). Age, education level, body fat percentage, appetite, and dental problems were significantly associated with malnutrition (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Geriatric residents in old-age homes require adequate nutrition to maintain health. This can be achieved by providing individualized meal planning, reducing barriers to eating, and incorporating nutrient-dense foods.
Histopathological Study of Spectrum of Lesions of Uterine Cervix
Authors: Jadhav Aditi , Sanklecha Vandana , Natekar Ashwini , Mahra Richa 
Published: September 2023

Context:
Uterine cervix is a gateway to several neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions. Cervical carcinoma accounts for 20%–25% of all cancers and 80%–85% of all genital tract cancers worldwide. It is the most common malignancy in Indian women.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to study the histopathological spectrum, incidence, and distribution with respect to the age of various cervical lesions and to determine their clinicopathological correlation.

Settings and Design:
A prospective observational study of 200 cases of cervical lesions was carried out in the histopathology section of the Department of Pathology for the duration of 2 years after obtaining permission from the Institutional Ethics Committee.

Materials and Methods:
Study participants were selected from the study population admitted at the study center based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical software GraphPad InStat.v3.0 was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
In our study, 49.5% of cases were malignant and 50.5% of cases were benign. The most common malignant lesion on histopathological examination was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Majority of the lesions were in the 41–50 years of age group. Clinicopathological agreement was noted in 93.5% of cases. Twenty-eight out of 30 cases of SCC (93.33%) were positive for p16 staining. Agreement between Pap smear findings and histopathological diagnosis was 100% in cases of malignant and premalignant lesions of the cervix.

Conclusion:
Histopathological examination is important not only for confirmation of the preoperative diagnosis but also in evaluating the incidence and age-wise distribution of both neoplastic and nonneoplastic cervical lesions. Early and accurate diagnosis of cervical lesions provides an opportunity for appropriate interventions to prevent further complications.
Histomorphological Evaluation of Desmoplastic Tumor Stroma in Malignant Ovarian Surface Epithelial Tumors
Authors: Ahuja Sana , Zaheer Sufian , Ranga Sunil 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Ovarian cancer is the 8th most common cancer in women worldwide. Tumor budding is defined as a type of invasive growth in carcinomas with either a single tumor cell or a cluster of up to four cells at the invasive tumor front and is associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition. A reactive stroma rich in cancer-associated fibroblasts is associated with higher tumor grade and poorer prognosis in breast, colorectal, and oral cancers.

Aims and Objectives:
The present study was conducted to highlight the prognostic significance of tumor budding and fibrotic cancer stroma in malignant ovarian surface epithelial tumors with known prognostic parameters.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted over a 2-year period, in which all histologically diagnosed cases of malignant ovarian surface epithelial tumors who underwent surgery were included. The fibrotic stroma was classified into three distinct categories – mature, intermediate, and immature. The number of tumor buds was counted at the invasive front of the tumor and graded based on the number of buds – 0–5, 5–9, and ≥10 buds.

Results:
Among the 50 cases, 32% (16 cases) had mature stroma, whereas 30% (15 cases) and 38% (19 cases) had intermediate and immature stroma, respectively. Although a significant association could not be established between tumor budding and stroma grade, a fair agreement was established between them. A significant association could be established between histological grade with both tumor budding (P = 0.03) and fibrotic stroma grade (P = 0.02).

Conclusion:
The study highlighted the role of stromal response in malignant surface epithelial tumors of the ovary since a higher-grade tumor was associated with an immature stroma, whereas a lower-grade tumor was associated with a mature stroma.
Effect of Pain Neuroscience Education with Conventional Physiotherapy via Telerehabilitation on Pain Catastrophizing and Function in Patients with Osteoarthritis Knee: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Supe Hiral Manohar , Mungikar Sanket S. , Katage Goutami A. , Garg Kapil A. , Wani Surendra Kiran 
Published: September 2023

Aim:
By explaining to the patient the biological processes underneath their pain condition, pain neuroscience education (PNE) is a form of educational intervention that aims to relieve pain and impairment.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) referred to outpatient physiotherapy clinic in India during August 2021 to June 2022 were asked to participate. Out of the eligible patients, 35 were randomly assigned to PNE group and 35 to the control group. Self-reports of Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Patient Specific Function Scale (PSFS), and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) were recorded at baseline (T1) and at 2 weeks (T2).

Results:
After 2 weeks of follow-up, all the three outcome measures were found to be significant in the PNE group. The results of the unpaired t-test revealed statistically significant result posttest for PCS (mean difference 11.4) and NPRS (mean difference 1.20). There was no mean difference found in the patient function (PSFS) between groups.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that adding a program of PNE to conventional physiotherapy exercises led to a greater reduction in pain catastrophization, patient-specific function, and pain intensity rather than conventional physiotherapy alone in patients with knee OA at 2 weeks’ follow-up.
A Cross-sectional Assessment of Depression, Anxiety, and Cognition in Perimenopausal and Menopausal Women
Authors: Nagda Anjalee L. , Datar Manjiri Chaitanya , Naphade Nilesh Mahadeo , Shetty Jyoti V. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
Menopausal transition involves failure of ovarian function followed by cessation of menstruation. This has been said to lead to psychiatric comorbidities such as depression and anxiety. Estrogen also has beneficial effects on cognition and thus fluctuation in the same can lead to cognitive decline. Given the number of women undergoing menopause, timely screening of the comorbidities is of importance.

Aims and Objectives:
Our study aimed at assessment of anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women presenting in the medicine and gynecology units of a tertiary care hospital. The objectives were to screen the peri- and postmenopausal women presenting with medical and gynecological complaints for the presence of depression and anxiety and assess their cognitive function. To find association of their symptoms with psychosocial and menopausal factors with the psychiatric parameters.

Settings and Design:
Our study was conducted among the perimenopausal and postmenopausal women visiting gynecology and medicine units in a tertiary care hospital. One hundred and five women in the age group of 45–55 were assessed using a specialized pro forma, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory, Beck’s Depression Inventory, and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The results were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20.0).

Results:
21.9% of females had moderate levels of anxiety, 24.76% had clinical depression, and 13.33% had mild cognitive impairment. The presence of psychosocial stressors had a significant impact on the anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment. There was no significant association found between psychiatric parameters and peri- and postmenopausal stage as well between natural or surgical menopause.
Proportion, Pattern, and Predictors of Falls in Older Adults – A Community-based Observational Study in Rural West Bengal
Authors: Jana Dipankar , Sahu Monalisha , Paul Bobby , Chakraborty Sandipta , Bandyopadhyay Lina , Das Ranjan 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
In spite of falls being a major public health problem, where most of the falls are preventable, there is a lack of epidemiological investigation among those aged 50 and above, especially in developing countries. Hence, we investigate the proportion, pattern, and predictors of falls in this age group.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional community-based study was done in the Uluberia-II block of Howrah district, West Bengal, from February to July 2021. A multistage cluster sampling method was used to meet the sample size. Data were collected with the help of a structured interview schedule. Predictors were estimated by the SPSS version 16 and defined in adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval.

Results:
Among 170 study participants, 34.7% (59/170) experienced at least one episode of fall, while 20.6% (35/170) experienced recurrent falls in 12 months. Most (78%; 46/59) falls occurred in the home environment and due to slippage (67.8%; 40/59) on the floor. 84.7% (50/59) sustained any type of injuries, 47.5% (28/59) required either consultation of a physician or medication, and 6.8% (4/59) required hospitalization. Safety Checklist Score measured 75.3% (128/170) had a poor household environment, within that 30.6% (52/170) had a seriously poor household environment, which was an important predictor of falls ([AOR] = 3.59 [1.24–10.38]). Fear of fall (AOR = 6.18 [1.77–21.53]) measured by shortfall efficacy scale and nonformal education (AOR = 5.05 [1.33–19.07]) were also predictors of falls.

Conclusion:
Considerable proportion of falls occurred in the past year, which can be preventable by improving modifiable environmental factors and detection of fear of fall in persons at different levels of health-care facilities.
A universal inequality for Neumann eigenvalues of the Laplacian on a convex domain in Euclidean space
Authors: Funano Kei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe obtain a new upper bound for Neumann eigenvalues of the Laplacian on a bounded convex domain in Euclidean space. As an application of the upper bound, we derive universal inequalities for Neumann eigenvalues of the Laplacian.
Developing a Media Literacy Perception Scale
Authors: Özel Aykut 
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research was to develop a scale to determine the perceptions of media literacy. For this purpose, trial forms have been created and submitted for expert opinion. The scale items were revised based on the feedback received after the trial forms were examined about the content validity according to expert opinion. A pilot study was conducted with a sample group with characteristics similar to the general population in order to assess the construct validity, sub-dimensions, and reliability level of the draft scale, which was finalized after expert opinions were obtained and appropriate revisions were made. The working group of the pilot study was composed of students selected apart from the research sample. In order to reach the students, the “Simple Random Sampling” method was used. The construct validity of the scale was tested by performing factor analysis (EFA + CFA). To determine the reliability of the scale, item-total score correlations and Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient values were used.
Since several items had low item-total test correlations and some items had loadings for two distinct variables that were close to one another, these items were gradually excluded from the study until there were no extreme values present in the analysis and statistical errors were eliminated. Validity analyses (EFA + CFA) and Reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) of the obtained data were performed and the statements were finalized and the “Media Literacy Perception Scale” (MLPS) consisting of 16 items and three dimensions (factors) was created. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the entire scale in this research was found to be .86.