bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffusion tensor imaging versus intraoperative subcortical mapping for glioma resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yiming , Guo Jiahe , Zhang Kai , Wei Huijie , Fan Jikang , Yu Shengping , Li Tao , Yang Xuejun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMaintaining the integrity of crucial fiber tracts allows functional preservation and improved recovery in patients with glioma resection. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and intraoperative subcortical mapping (ISM) are commonly required for pre- and intraoperative assessment of white matter fibers. This study investigated differences of clinical outcomes in glioma resection aided by DTI or ISM. A comprehensive literature retrieval of the PubMed and Embase databases identified several DTI or ISM studies in 2000–2022. Clinical data, including extent of resection (EOR) and postoperative neurological deficits, was collected and statistically analyzed. Heterogeneity was regressed by a random effect model and the Mann–Whitney U test was used to test statistical significance. Publication bias was assessed by Egger test. A total of 14 studies with a pooled cohort of 1837 patients were included. Patients undergoing DTI-navigated glioma surgery showed a higher rate of gross total resection (GTR) than ISM-assisted surgical resection (67.88%, [95% CI 0.55—0.79] vs. 45.73%, [95% CI 0.29—0.63], P = 0.032). The occurrence of early postoperative functional deficit (35.45%, [95% CI 0.13—0.61] vs. 35.60% [95% CI 0.20—0.53], P = 1.000), late postoperative functional deficit (6.00%, [95% CI 0.02—0.11] vs. 4.91% [95% CI 0.03—0.08], P = 1.000) and severe postoperative functional deficit (2.21%, [95% CI 0—0.08] vs. 5.93% [95% CI 0.01—0.16], P = 0.393) were similar between the DTI and ISM group, respectively. While DTI-navigation resulted in a higher rate of GTR, the occurrence of postoperative neurological deficits between DTI and ISM groups was comparable. Together, these data indicate that both techniques could safely facilitate glioma resection.
Irruptions of Bohemian Waxwings in relation to population density and food availability
Authors: Dale Svein 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBird irruptions are thought to be triggered by a combination of lack of food in the regular distribution range and high population density (push factors). Recent studies have also suggested that irruptions may be drawn towards areas with high food availability (pull factor). The Bohemian Waxwing (Bombycilla garrulus) is an irruptive species with large annual variation in the numbers reaching southern areas during winter. I used long-term (up to 41 years) data on annual number of waxwings observed during breeding in Finland and Sweden, during winter in Norway, Sweden, Denmark, UK and Poland, and data on their main winter food, Rowanberries (Sorbus aucuparia; masting occurs at 2–3 year intervals) from Norway (southern areas) and Finland (overlapping with northern breeding areas) to test the push and pull hypotheses. Winter numbers fluctuated in synchrony over large parts of northern Europe. In years with low food availability in Finland waxwings arrived to southern areas early, and early arrival to southern areas was linked to larger winter numbers in some countries. However, controlling for arrival time to southern areas, numbers were larger when there were more rowanberries in Finland. Thus, irruptions generally occurred with high rowanberry abundance, but sometimes occurred with the combination of low rowanberry abundance and early arrival. There was mixed evidence that irruptions were linked to high breeding population density. There was no support that irruptions were drawn towards high rowanberry abundance in southern areas. In conclusion, waxwing irruptions had complex relationships with food availability, but most irruptions occurred in years with high rowanberry abundance in autumn in northern areas. This is opposite to expectations from the current view that irruptions are triggered by lack of food, but irruptions departing late may still have been triggered by abundant food finally becoming depleted late in winter.
Calcified plaque harboring lipidic materials associates with no-reflow phenomenon after PCI in stable CAD
Authors: Hosoda Hayato , Kataoka Yu , Nicholls Stephen J. , Puri Rishi , Murai Kota , Kitahara Satoshi , Mitsui Kentaro , Sugane Hiroki , Sawada Kenichiro , Iwai Takamasa , Matama Hideo , Honda Satoshi , Takagi Kensuke , Fujino Masashi , Yoneda Shuichi , Otsuka Fumiyuki , Takamisawa Itaru , Nishihira Kensaku , Asaumi Yasuhide , Kawai Kazuya , Noguchi Teruo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCalcified atheroma has been viewed conventionally as stable lesion which less likely increases no-reflow phenomenon. Given that lipidic materials triggers the formation of calcification, lipidic materials could exist within calcified lesion, which may cause no-reflow phenomenon after PCI. The REASSURE-NIRS registry (NCT04864171) employed near-infrared spectroscopy and intravascular ultrasound imaging to evaluate maximum 4-mm lipid-core burden index (maxLCBI4mm) at target lesions containing small (maximum calcification arc < 180°: n = 272) and large calcification (maximum calcification arc ≥ 180°: n = 189) in stable CAD patients. The associations of maxLCBI4mm with corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) and no-reflow phenomenon after PCI were analyzed in patients with target lesions containing small and large calcification, respectively. No-reflow phenomenon occurred in 8.0% of study population. Receiver-operating characteristics curve analyses revealed that optimal cut-off values of maxLCBI4mm for predicting no-reflow phenomenon were 585 at small calcification (AUC = 0.72, p < 0.001) and 679 at large calcification (AUC = 0.76, p = 0.001). Target lesions containing small calcification with maxLCBI4mm ≥ 585 more likely exhibited a greater CTFC (p < 0.001). In those with large calcification, 55.6% of them had maxLCBI4mm ≥ 400 [vs. 56.2% (small calcification), p = 0.82]. Furthermore, a higher CTFC (p < 0.001) was observed in association with maxLCBI4mm ≥ 679 at large calcification. On multivariable analysis, maxLCBI4mm at large calcification still independently predicted no-reflow phenomenon (OR = 1.60, 95%CI = 1.32–1.94, p < 0.001). MaxLCBI4mm at target lesions exhibiting large calcification elevated a risk of no-reflow phenomenon after PCI. Calcified plaque containing lipidic materials is not necessarily stable lesion, but could be active and high-risk one causing no-reflow phenomenon.
Improved baselines for causal structure learning on interventional data
Authors: Richter Robin , Bhamidi Shankar , Mukherjee Sach 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCausal structure learning (CSL) refers to the estimation of causal graphs from data. Causal versions of tools such as ROC curves play a prominent role in empirical assessment of CSL methods and performance is often compared with “random” baselines (such as the diagonal in an ROC analysis). However, such baselines do not take account of constraints arising from the graph context and hence may represent a “low bar”. In this paper, motivated by examples in systems biology, we focus on assessment of CSL methods for multivariate data where part of the graph structure is known via interventional experiments. For this setting, we put forward a new class of baselines called graph-based predictors (GBPs). In contrast to the “random” baseline, GBPs leverage the known graph structure, exploiting simple graph properties to provide improved baselines against which to compare CSL methods. We discuss GBPs in general and provide a detailed study in the context of transitively closed graphs, introducing two conceptually simple baselines for this setting, the observed in-degree predictor (OIP) and the transitivity assuming predictor (TAP). While the former is straightforward to compute, for the latter we propose several simulation strategies. Moreover, we study and compare the proposed predictors theoretically, including a result showing that the OIP outperforms in expectation the “random” baseline on a subclass of latent network models featuring positive correlation among edge probabilities. Using both simulated and real biological data, we show that the proposed GBPs outperform random baselines in practice, often substantially. Some GBPs even outperform standard CSL methods (whilst being computationally cheap in practice). Our results provide a new way to assess CSL methods for interventional data.
Investigating the Influence of Growth Arrest Mechanisms on Tumour Responses to Radiotherapy
Authors: Colson Chloé , Maini Philip K. , Byrne Helen M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCancer is a heterogeneous disease and tumours of the same type can differ greatly at the genetic and phenotypic levels. Understanding how these differences impact sensitivity to treatment is an essential step towards patient-specific treatment design. In this paper, we investigate how two different mechanisms for growth control may affect tumour cell responses to fractionated radiotherapy (RT) by extending an existing ordinary differential equation model of tumour growth. In the absence of treatment, this model distinguishes between growth arrest due to nutrient insufficiency and competition for space and exhibits three growth regimes: nutrient limited, space limited (SL) and bistable (BS), where both mechanisms for growth arrest coexist. We study the effect of RT for tumours in each regime, finding that tumours in the SL regime typically respond best to RT, while tumours in the BS regime typically respond worst to RT. For tumours in each regime, we also identify the biological processes that may explain positive and negative treatment outcomes and the dosing regimen which maximises the reduction in tumour burden.
Swiss-AL: Plattform für Sprachdaten zur Analyse öffentlicher Kommunikation in der Schweiz
Authors: Dreesen Philipp , Krasselt Julia 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag stellt Swiss-AL (= Swiss-Applied Linguistics) vor, eine Plattform für die Forschung zu öffentlicher Kommunikation in der Schweiz, die an der Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW) entwickelt und bereitgestellt wird. Swiss-AL enthält rund 4,5 Mrd. Wörter in vier Sprachen (Deutsch, Französisch, Italienisch, Rätoromanisch). Es umfasst online publizierte Texte aus Politik und Verwaltung, Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Zivilgesellschaft sowie journalistischen Medien. Swiss-AL ist für diskursanalytische Forschungen entwickelt worden, stellt jedoch ebenso eine wichtige Datenbasis für die Kommunikations- und Medienwissenschaft dar, beispielsweise für quantitativ ausgerichtete/standardisierte Medieninhaltsforschung. Swiss-AL wird gegenwärtig zu einer Open-Research-Data-Ressource für die Angewandten Wissenschaften weiterentwickelt. Dazu gehört die Weiterentwicklung einer browserbasierten Workbench (Zugang:www.swiss-al.linguistik.zhaw.ch), die Zugang zu den Daten ermöglicht und den Anforderungen des Daten- und Urheberrechtsschutzes der Schweiz und der EU entspricht. Im Beitrag werden aggregierende Analysemöglichkeiten präsentiert, die diese Workbench gegenwärtig bereitstellt und die insbesondere für inhaltsanalytische Fragestellungen anwendbar sind. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Ausblick auf zukünftige Entwicklungen im Bereich Open Research Data und skizziert geplante Implementierungen von FAIR-Prinzipien.
Plattformforschung mit Instagram-Daten – Eine Übersicht über analytische Zugänge, digitale Erhebungsverfahren und forschungsethische Perspektiven in Zeiten der APIcalypse
Authors: Peters Yannik , Nehls Patrick , Thimm Caja 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Foto- und Video-Sharing-Plattform Instagram hat sich in den vergangenen Jahren zu einem der meistgenutzten sozialen Medien weltweit entwickelt. Auf Grund der forschungspraktischen Hürden, die mit der Erhebung von Instagram-Daten einhergehen, scheint Instagram in der (empirischen) Plattformforschung noch unterrepräsentiert zu sein. In diesem Artikel werden daher einige der verschiedenen Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt, Instagram-Daten zu erheben. Zunächst führen wir jedoch in die Mediengrammatik der Plattform Instagram ein. Dieser Ansatz hilft die im Anschluss vorgestellten Möglichkeiten der Erhebung von Instagram-Daten zu differenzieren und theoretisch zu rahmen. In Bezug auf die Datenerhebung unterscheiden wir zwischen fünf verschiedenen Erhebungsstrategien: a) der manuellen Erhebung, b) den freien Programmiersprachen, c) den Tools des Meta-Konzerns, d) den kommerziellen Tools und e) der Datenspende. Diese werden anhand relevanter Kriterien (unter anderem Mediengrammatik, Erhebungsform, Beitragsebenen, Vollständigkeit, Programmierkenntnisse) gegenübergestellt. Es zeigt sich, dass je nach Forschungsfrage und Methode unterschiedliche Datenerhebungsstrategien angemessen sein können. Zuletzt werden auch die forschungsethischen Implikationen der Erhebung von Instagram-Daten diskutiert.
Operationalising a large research programme tackling complex urban and planetary health problems: a case study approach to critical reflection
Authors: Black Daniel , Bates Geoff , Ayres Sarah , Bondy Krista , Callway Rosalie , Carhart Neil , Coggon John , Gibson Andy , Hunt Alistair , Rosenberg Ges 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAddressing increasingly urgent global challenges requires the rapid mobilisation of new research groups that are large in scale, co-produced and focussed explicitly on investigating root causes at a systemic level. This requires new ways of operationalising and funding research programmes to better support effective interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary (ID/TD) partnerships between a wide range of academic disciplines and stakeholder groups. Understanding the challenges and approaches that teams can follow to overcome them can come through critical reflection on experiences initiating new research programmes of this nature and sharing of these reflections. We aimed to offer a framework for critical reflection and an overview of how we developed it and to share our reflections on operationalising a newly formed large-scale ID/TD research programme. We present a framework of 10 areas for critical reflection: systems, unknowns and imperfection, ID/TD understanding, values, societal impact, context and stakeholder knowledge, project understanding and direction, team cohesion, decision-making, communications and method development. We reflect on our experience of operationalising the research programme in these areas. Based on this critical examination of our experiences and the processes we adopted, we make recommendations for teams seeking to tackle important and highly complex global challenges, and for those who fund or support such research groups. Our reflections point to an overarching challenge of the structural and institutional barriers to cross-disciplinary research of this nature.
Advancing sustainable development goals: embedding resilience assessment
Authors: Assarkhaniki Zahra , Sabri Soheil , Rajabifard Abbas , Kahalimoghadam Masoud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccelerating challenges to cities and communities have triggered a growing interest in the assessment of resilience and sustainability of future developments. For this purpose, many countries have adopted the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for sustainable development goals (SDGs), in which resilience has been incorporated as a component of sustainability. However, the framework has been criticised for not undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of resilience. This study, in an analytical scheme, examines the extent to which the SDGs incorporate measurement of resilience. Here, the SDGs indicators have been compared with the most recent comprehensive baseline resilience framework (BRF) through three stages: (a) thematic coding of the SDGs and BRF indicators; (b) developing matrices of coding for each resilience dimension; and (c) evaluating resilience measurement in terms of coverage by the SDGs. Results showed that although the SDGs indicators have a high level of coverage for resilience measurement through all 17 goals, some aspects are nonetheless overlooked. In this study, by categorising the goals into five groups based on their coverage of each resilience dimension, a guideline is created, demonstrating the goals relevant to each resilience dimension. Furthermore, a systematic framework of resilience indicators is also proposed to integrate the overlooked aspects of resilience into the SDGs and the post-2030 agenda. The advanced SDGs can serve as a joint framework to measure resilience and sustainability.
Embodied competencies and smart home technology in energy use: three ways users integrate smart heating systems in everyday practices
Authors: Madsen Line Valdorff , Hansen Anders Rhiger , Larsen Simon Peter Aslak Kondrup 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSmart heating systems are increasingly entering the domestic sphere. Such smart home technology (SHT) intends to provide comfort, control, and convenience in the home as well as energy efficiency and energy flexibility. However, the success of these promises depends on users’ ability to implement the SHT in everyday practices. In previous research, the importance of embodied competences acquired through previous experiences has gotten little attention. In this paper, we argue that broad scale implementation of SHT requires more knowledge on the interaction between previous experience in the formation of new competences and domestic heating practices.In this paper, we explore how users integrate new smart technologies into their everyday heating practices in different ways by focusing on embodied competences. Based on 24 qualitative household interviews with SHT users, conducted through two Danish case studies, we identified three ways of approaching and integrating SHT in heating practices. First, the reluctant appears hesitant when adopting SHT and loses interest quickly. Second, the compliant follows orders and does what is expected by the new setup. Third, the committed encompasses a playful approach and shows strong interest in SHT design.From this background, we find that embodied competences and previous experience are essential for how users adopt and integrate SHT in everyday life. For example, some users’ previous experience, here younger and technically interested individuals, may match well with the logics of SHT, and for some users, here older and less tech-interested individuals, previous experience may not match well with SHT.
Outcomes of a Residential Program After Successful Graduation: A Pilot Quality Improvement Study
Authors: Pierro John G. , Sutter Alison , Shaak Kyle , Barninger Bradley , Messa Megan , Norris Edward R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResidential treatment is an effective way to provide care to individuals who struggle with core life skills, have a mental illness, and/or have trouble adhering to treatment plans. The environment of residential care offers alternatives to typical treatment methods and a network of support to help foster independence. This pilot study assesses the impact of one residential care program from the perspective of those who were successfully discharged. The WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, the Outcome Rating Scale, and a homelessness screening tool were used to gather data from a small sample (N = 6) of former residents who completed the program. Results indicated that half of the discharges remained at stable functioning throughout the study duration, while the other half had difficulties in multiple domains of functioning. Insights obtained about instability following discharge will inform future research on quality of care with progress data collected throughout a client’s stay.
Piloting the Acceptability, Practicality and Potential Benefits of Telehealth Dignity Therapy for Community-dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Fallon John , Bhar Sunil , Elphinstone Brad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOlder adults appear to experience high levels of sub-clinical emotional distress. Past literature has predominantly focussed on ameliorating suffering in individuals with diagnosed mental illnesses, while neglecting research investigating online therapies for enhancing wellbeing in community-dwelling older adults. A potential therapy might be Dignity Therapy, a brief psychotherapy originally designed to be delivered face-to-face for terminally ill patients. We piloted a Telehealth Dignity Therapy (TDT) program and tested its acceptability (e.g., satisfaction), practicality (e.g., time spent completing TDT), and the potential benefits for participants. Five community-dwelling older adults were recruited and completed TDT. Participants completed surveys on their satisfaction with TDT. Time spent completing TDT was recorded. We interviewed participants to identify the potential benefits of TDT; their responses were analysed with qualitative methods. All five participants successfully completed the study and reported high levels of satisfaction with TDT. Levels of acceptability and practicality were similar to another online Dignity Therapy study. Participants reported several benefits including: a chance to inscribe their legacy, a deeper connection with others, triggering new self-insight, a strengthened view of self, and heightened acceptance and self-compassion. TDT appears to be acceptable and practical, and provided numerous qualitative benefits for participants. These findings suggest that Dignity Therapy is suitable is suitable to be conducted online and advantageous for community-dwelling older adults without life-limiting illnesses. Further larger-scale, quantitative research on TDT needs to be completed to better ascertain its effectiveness and feasibility.
Eating Disorders and Our Youth: Aggressive Action Must be Taken to Ensure Parity
Authors: Reyes Madeline 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEating disorders are one of the most common chronic illnesses among adolescents. Yet, our current framework for mental health care provides limited education, access to care, and support for adolescents suffering from this disease. The enactment of key legislation and federal guidance such as the Paul Wellstone and Pete Domenici Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008 (MHPAEA) is evidence that there are steps being taken to ensure the removal of barriers to care. However, eating disorders are often overlooked as a category of behavioral disorders. This paper analyzes the current legal and social framework for providing care and support to adolescents suffering from eating disorders. In doing so, it offers recommendations to develop stronger protective and responsive measures to ensure access, support, and care to these individuals.
Legitimacy of Cost Concern for Health Insurance Coverage of Gender-Affirming Surgeries: Comparison of the Interest in Keeping Insurance Cost Down versus the Cost-Effectiveness of Including Gender-Affirming Surgeries in Employer Health Insurance Plans
Authors: Atangan Angelo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis RCD discusses the recent development in Lange v Houston County. In this case, the United States District Court for The Middle District Of Georgia Macon Division found that an Exclusion Policy, prohibiting health insurance coverage of gender-affirming surgery for an employee, Anna Lange, violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. On appeal, the Defendants argued that the District Court erred in its decision and relied on the cost burden of gender-affirming surgery as one of their defenses. This RCD highlights that cost is a common defense tactic used by defendants in these cases. However, the author argues that these concerns are unfounded and meritless given the cost-effectiveness of including gender-affirming surgeries in health insurance plans, as highlighted in the RCD.