bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive flow mapping of parasagittal meningeal lymphatics using 2D interslice flow saturation MRI
Authors: Kim Jun-Hee , Yoo Roh-Eul , Choi Seung Hong , Park Sung-Hong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe clearance pathways of brain waste products in humans are still under debate in part due to the lack of noninvasive imaging techniques for meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs). In this study, we propose a new noninvasive mLVs imaging technique based on an inter-slice blood perfusion MRI called alternate ascending/descending directional navigation (ALADDIN). ALADDIN with inversion recovery (IR) at single inversion time of 2300 ms (single-TI IR-ALADDIN) clearly demonstrated parasagittal mLVs around the human superior sagittal sinus (SSS) with better detectability and specificity than the previously suggested noninvasive imaging techniques. While in many studies it has been difficult to detect mLVs and confirm their signal source noninvasively, the detection of mLVs in this study was confirmed by their posterior to anterior flow direction and their velocities and morphological features, which were consistent with those from the literature. In addition, IR-ALADDIN was compared with contrast-enhanced black blood imaging to confirm the detection of mLVs and its similarity. For the quantification of flow velocity of mLVs, IR-ALADDIN was performed at three inversion times of 2000, 2300, and 2600 ms (three-TI IR-ALADDIN) for both a flow phantom and humans. For this preliminary result, the flow velocity of the dorsal mLVs in humans ranged between 2.2 and 2.7 mm/s. Overall, (i) the single-TI IR-ALADDIN can be used as a novel non-invasive method to visualize mLVs in the whole brain with scan time of ~ 17 min and (ii) the multi-TI IR-ALADDIN can be used as a way to quantify the flow velocity of mLVs with a scan time of ~ 10 min (or shorter) in a limited coverage. Accordingly, the suggested approach can be applied to noninvasively studying meningeal lymphatic flows in general and also understanding the clearance pathways of waste production through mLVs in humans, which warrants further investigation.
Over-expression of hsa_circ_0088214 suppresses tumor progression by inhibiting Akt signaling pathway in osteosarcoma
Authors: Hao Zhiwei , Yang Yiqun , Xu Daxia , Feng Hongyong , Li Kunpeng , Ji Changbin , Li Man , Zhang Honglei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
To explore the effect of has_circ_0088214 in osteosarcoma cells and corresponding mechanisms.

Methods
Osteosarcoma cell line MG63 and U2OS were selected in this study. Wound-healing and matrigel transwell assays were performed to detect migration and invasion capacities. CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell growth and cisplatin resistance. Cell apoptosis was observed by Hoechst 33342 staining after H2O2 induce. Western Blot was used to detect protein expression level. The rescue experiments were also performed using an Akt activator SC79.

Results
Hsa_circ_0088214 was down-regulated in osteosarcoma cells compared to normal osteoblast cells. Over-expression of has_circ_0088214 significantly reduced osteosarcoma cells invasion, migration and resistance to cisplatin, but the apoptotic ratio was increased. The phosphorylation level of Akt could be regulated by hsa_circ_0088214, and rescue experiments proved Akt signaling pathway took part in above biological processes.

Conclusion
Up-regulation of hsa_circ_0088214 suppresses invasion, migration, cisplatin resistance but promoting apoptosis induced by H2O2 by inhibiting Akt signaling pathway in osteosarcoma.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of 42 Chinese paediatric patients with X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita
Authors: Zheng Wanqi , Duan Ying , Xia Yu , Liang Lili , Gong Zhuwen , Wang Ruifang , Lu Deyun , Zhang Kaichuang , Yang Yi , Sun Yuning , Zhang Huiwen , Han Lianshu , Gong Zizhen , Xiao Bing , Qiu Wenjuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC) is a rare disorder characterized by primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), with limited clinical and genetic characterization.

Methods
The clinical, biochemical, genetic, therapeutic, and follow-up data of 42 patients diagnosed with X-linked AHC were retrospectively analysed.

Results
Hyperpigmentation (38/42, 90%), vomiting/diarrhoea (20/42, 48%), failure to thrive (13/42, 31%), and convulsions (7/42, 17%) were the most common symptoms of X-linked AHC at onset. Increased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (42/42, 100%) and decreased cortisol (37/42, 88%) were the most common laboratory findings, followed by hyponatremia (32/42, 76%) and hyperkalaemia (29/42, 69%). Thirty-one patients presented with PAI within the first year of life, and 11 presented after three years of age. Three of the thirteen patients over the age of 14 exhibited spontaneous pubertal development, and ten of them experienced delayed puberty due to HH. Six patients receiving human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) therapy exhibited a slight increase in testicular size and had rising testosterone levels (both P < 0.05). The testicular volumes of the three patients with pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) therapy were larger than those of the six patients undergoing hCG therapy (P < 0.05), and they also exhibited some growth in terms of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone. Of the 42 patients, three had an Xp21 deletion, and 39 had an isolated DAX1 defect. Most patients (9/10) with entire DAX1 deletion accounting for 23.8% (10/42) of the total variants had early onset age of less than one year.

Conclusions
This study details the clinical features and genetic spectra of X-linked AHC. Patients with X-linked AHC show a bimodal distribution of the age of onset, with approximately 70% presenting within the first year of life. Pulsatile GnRH may be recommended for HH when hCG therapy is not satisfactory, although it is difficult to achieve normal testicular volume. The combination of clinical features and molecular tests provides information for an accurate diagnosis.
Preparing for the unexpected: a comparative study of policies addressing post-terror health reactions in Norway and France
Authors: Nilsen Lisa Govasli , Stene Lise Eilin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
In the wake of terrorist attacks, protecting the health and psychosocial wellbeing of those affected and the general population, are important tasks for the healthcare system. The responses to such emergencies are often complex, including different phases and many actors, and may unveil insufficiencies that incite reforms to existing systems. Recently, initiatives have been promoted to strengthen cooperation and coordination regarding the governance of health threats in Europe. Comparative research is requested on how states prepare for health emergencies such as terrorist attacks. This study investigated how governments in two European countries with universal health coverage prepared to address the civilian population’s health needs after terrorist attacks, and the factors that contributed to shaping their chosen approach.

Methods
Utilizing document analysis and Walt and Gilson’s model for the analysis of health policy, national plans for post-terror health responses in Norway and France were studied with a focus on context, process, content, and actors.

Results
Whereas target groups for psychosocial care and certain measures were similar in both cases, the contents of prescribed policies and the actors responsible for enacting them differed. One of the most distinct differences was to what extent specialized mental healthcare was relied upon to provide psychosocial follow-up in the emergency phase. In the French approach, specialized mental healthcare practitioners, such as psychiatrists, psychologists and psychiatric nurses, provided early psychosocial support. In contrast, the Norwegian approach relied on interdisciplinary primary care crisis teams in the local municipalities to provide early psychosocial support, with further involvement of specialized mental healthcare if this was considered necessary. Historical, political, and systemic differences contributed to the variation in the countries’ responses.

Conclusions
This comparative study highlights the complexity and diversity of health policy responses to terrorist attacks across countries. Moreover, challenges and opportunities for research and health management in response to such disasters, including possibilities and potential pitfalls for the coordination of this work across Europe. An important first step could be to map out existing services and practices across countries to better understand if and how common core elements for psychosocial follow-up might be implemented internationally.
Non-invasive investigation of Polychromophilus parasite infections in bat populations in Serbia using bat flies
Authors: Bajić Branka , Werb Oskar , Budinski Ivana , Blagojević Jelena , Schaer Juliane , van Schaik Jaap 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Haemosporidian parasites of the genus Polychromophilus infect bats worldwide. They are vectored by obligate ectoparasitic bat flies of the family Nycteribiidae. Despite their global distribution, only five Polychromophilus morphospecies have been described to date. The two predominant species, Polychromophilus melanipherus and Polychromophilus murinus, are broadly distributed and mainly infect miniopterid and vespertilionid bats, respectively. In areas where species from different bat families aggregate together, the infection dynamics and ability of either Polychromophilus species to infect other host families is poorly characterized.

Methods
We collected 215 bat flies from two bat species, Miniopterus schreibersii and Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, which sometimes form mixed clusters in Serbia. Miniopterus schreibersii is known to be frequently infected with P. melanipherus, whereas R. ferrumequinum has been observed to be incidentally infected with both Polychromophilus species. All flies were screened for Polychromophilus infections using a PCR targeting the haemosporidian cytb gene. Positive samples were subsequently sequenced for 579 bp of cytochrome b (cytb) and 945 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (cox1).

Results
Polychromophilus melanipherus DNA was detected at six out of nine sampling locations and in all three examined bat fly species collected from M. schreibersii (Nycteribia schmidlii, n = 21; Penicillidia conspicua, n = 8; Penicillidia dufourii, n = 3). Four and five haplotypes were found for cytb and cox1, respectively. Evidence for multiple Polychromophilus haplotypes was found in 15 individual flies. These results point to a high diversity of P. melanipherus parasites in Miniopterus hosts and efficient transmission throughout the study area. A single Phthiridium biarticulatum bat fly collected from R. ferrumequinum screened positive for P. melanipherus, but only yielded a partial cox1 sequence fragment. Nevertheless, this result suggests that secondary hosts (both bat and fly species) are regularly confronted with this parasite.

Conclusions
The results of this study provide new insights into the prevalence and distribution of Polychromophilus parasites in European bats and their nycteribiid vectors. The use of bat flies for the non-invasive investigation of Polychromophilus infections in bat populations has proven to be efficient and thus represents an alternative for large-scale studies of infections in bat populations without the need to invasively collect blood from bats.

Graphical Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptor on CD4+ T cells is protective against inflammatory responses and signs in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wang Xiao-Qin , Cai Huan-Huan , Deng Qiao-Wen , Chang Ya-Zhou , Peng Yu-Ping , Qiu Yi-Hua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDopamine is a neurotransmitter and has been found to regulate lymphocytes by acting on dopamine receptors (DRs). CD4+T cells express all the five subtypes of DRs, D1R to D5R. Although CD4+T cells have been involved in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), roles of DRs expressed on these cells in RA are poorly understood. This study determined whether D2R expressed on CD4+T cells regulates inflammatory responses and signs in collagen type II (CII)-induced arthritis (CIA), a mouse model of RA.MethodsDBA/1 mice and C57BL/6 mice with globalD1rorD2rdeficiency (D1r–/–orD2r–/–) or CD4+T cell-specificD2rdeletion (D2rfl/fl/CD4Cre) were used to prepare CIA model by intradermal injection of CII. D2R agonist sumanirole was intraperitoneally administered in CIA mice. CD4+T cells obtained from CIA mice were exposed to sumanirole or/and D2R antagonist L-741,626 in vitro. Arthritic symptoms were assessed by clinical arthritis scores. Flow cytometric assay measured frequencies of CD4+T cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells). Expression of specific transcription factors for the CD4+T cell subsets was tested by Western blot. Cytokine production was estimated by quantitative PCR and ELISA.ResultsCIA mice manifested a bias of CD4+T cells towards Th1 and Th17 cells.D2r–/–CIA mice showed a stronger bias towards Th1 and Th17 phenotypes than CIA mice, whileD1r–/–CIA mice did not show the changes. CD4+T cell-specificD2rdeletion exacerbated both the polarization towards Th1 and Th17 cells and the symptoms of arthritis. Sumanirole administration in CIA mice ameliorated the bias of CD4+T cells towards Th1 and Th17 phenotypes as well as arthritic symptoms. Sumanirole treatment of in vitro CD4+T cells obtained from CIA mice promoted the shift to Treg cells, and the effect of sumanirole was blocked by L-741,626.ConclusionsD2R expressed on CD4+T cells is protective against imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory T cells and arthritic symptoms in CIA.
Host range of strand-biased circularizing integrative elements: a new class of mobile DNA elements nesting in Gammaproteobacteria
Authors: Idola Desmila , Mori Hiroshi , Nagata Yuji , Nonaka Lisa , Yano Hirokazu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The strand-biased circularizing integrative elements (SEs) are putatively non-mobilizable integrative elements for transmitting antimicrobial resistance genes. The transposition mode and the prevalence of SEs in prokaryotes remain vague.

Results
To corroborate the transposition mode and the prevalence of SEs, hypothetical transposition intermediates of an SE were searched for in genomic DNA fractions of an SE host. Then, the SE core genes were defined based on gene knockout experiments, and the synteny blocks of their distant homologs were searched for in the RefSeq complete genome sequence database using PSI-BLAST. A genomic DNA fractionation experiment revealed that SE copies are present in a double-stranded nicked circular form in vivo. Operonic structure of three conserved coding sequences (intA, tfp, intB) and srap located at the left end of SEs were identified as essential for attL × attR recombination. The synteny blocks of tfp and srap homologs were detected in 3.6% of the replicons of Gammaproteobacteria but not in other taxa, implying that SE movement is host-dependent. SEs have been discovered most frequently in the orders Vibrionales (19% of replicons), Pseudomonadales (18%), Alteromonadales (17%), and Aeromonadales (12%). Genomic comparisons revealed 35 new SE members with identifiable termini. SEs are present at 1 to 2 copies per replicon and have a median length of 15.7 kb. Three newly identified SE members carry antimicrobial resistance genes, like tmexCD-toprJ, mcr-9, and blaGMA-1. Further experiments validated that three new SE members possess the strand-biased attL × attR recombination activity.

Conclusions
This study suggested that transposition intermediates of SEs are double-stranded circular DNA. The main hosts of SEs are a subset of free-living Gammaproteobacteria; this represents a rather narrow host range compared to those of mobile DNA element groups discovered to date. As the host range, genetic organization, and movements are unique among the mobile DNA elements, SEs provide a new model system for host-mobile DNA element coevolution studies.
Reference intervals for plasma amyloid-β, total tau, and phosphorylated tau181 in healthy elderly Chinese individuals without cognitive impairment
Authors: Chen Jingshan , Zhao Xue , Zhang Wenyan , Zhang Tianxiang , Wu Siting , Shao Jinghao , Shi Fu-Dong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and tau proteins are promising biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), not only for predicting Aβ and tau pathology but also for differentiating AD from other neurodegenerative diseases. However, reference intervals for plasma biomarkers of AD in healthy elderly Chinese individuals have not yet been established.

Methods
Biomarkers of AD were measured using single-molecule array (Simoa) assays in plasma samples from 193 healthy, cognitively unimpaired Chinese individuals aged 50–89 years. The 95% reference intervals for plasma Aβ42, Aβ40, t-tau, p-tau181, and derived ratios were calculated by using log-transformed parametric methods.

Results
Plasma Aβ42, Aβ40, and p-tau181 levels were positively correlated with age, while the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio was negatively correlated with age. The 95% reference intervals for plasma Aβ42 and Aβ40 were 2.72–11.09 pg/mL and 61.4–303.9 pg/mL, respectively, and the 95% reference intervals for plasma t-tau and p-tau181 were 0.20–3.12 pg/mL and 0.49–3.29 pg/mL, respectively. The 95% reference intervals for the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, p-tau181/t-tau ratio, and p-tau181/Aβ42 ratio were 0.022–0.064, 0.38–6.34, and 0.05–0.55, respectively.

Conclusion
Reference intervals for plasma biomarkers of AD may assist clinicians in making accurate clinical decisions.
Rapid evidence assessment on women’s empowerment interventions within the food system: a meta-analysis
Authors: Berretta Miriam , Kupfer Meital , Shisler Shannon , Lane Charlotte 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Women’s empowerment interventions represent a key opportunity to improve nutrition-related outcomes. Still, cross-contextual evidence on the factors that cause poorer nutrition outcomes for women and girls and how women’s empowerment can improve nutrition outcomes is scant. We rapidly synthesized the available evidence regarding the impacts of interventions that attempt to empower women and/or girls to access, participate in and take control of components of the food system.

Methodology
We considered outcomes related to food security; food affordability and availability; dietary quality and adequacy; anthropometrics; iron, zinc, vitamin A, and iodine status; and measures of wellbeing. We also sought to understand factors affecting implementation and sustainability, including equity. We conducted a rapid evidence assessment, based on the systematic literature search of key academic databases and gray literature sources from the regular maintenance of the living Food System and Nutrition Evidence Gap Map. We included impact evaluations and systematic reviews of impact evaluations that considered the women’s empowerment interventions in food systems and food security and nutrition outcomes. We conducted an additional search for supplementary, qualitative data related to included studies.

Conclusion
Overall, women’s empowerment interventions improve nutrition-related outcomes, with the largest effects on food security and food affordability and availability. Diet quality and adequacy, anthropometrics, effects were smaller, and we found no effects on wellbeing. Insights from the qualitative evidence suggest that women’s empowerment interventions best influenced nutritional outcomes when addressing characteristics of gender-transformative approaches, such as considering gender and social norms. Policy-makers should consider improving women’s social capital so they can better control and decide how to feed their families. Qualitative evidence suggests that multi-component interventions seem to be more sustainable than single-focus interventions, combining a livelihoods component with behavioral change communication. Researchers should consider issues with inconsistent data and reporting, particularly relating to seasonal changes, social norms, and time between rounds of data collection. Future studies on gender-transformative approaches should carefully consider contextual norms and avoid stereotyping women into pre-decided roles, which may perpetuate social norms.
The impact of physical incivility signs on perceived safety in informal settlements in Jordan
Authors: Abed Amal , Aljibarat Samah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFeeling safe is essential to improve the social and psychological well-being of residents. Safety is often associated with various signs of incivility in neighborhoods in general and in informal settlements in specific; the latter has been rarely studied in the context of Jordan. Thus, the present research aims to identify physical incivility signs in informal settlements and explore their impact on perceived safety. To address this aim, the study utilized a mixed-method approach that included a content analysis of textual and oral documents, a qualitative analysis of 18 interviews, and a spatial analysis of field observations of the selected research setting (Janna’ah neighborhood in Zarqa, Jordan). The goal was to verify forms of physical incivility signs, including abandoned buildings, narrow alleys, poor lighting, litter, vandalism, graffiti, and abandoned cars. Moreover, a quantitative analysis of (487) responses obtained through structured questionnaires was conducted. The results showed that abandoned buildings, alleys, and poor lighting are significant physical incivility signs affecting perceived safety. feeling safe was also associated with residents’ socio-economic attributes such as age, gender, and occupation.
No difference in load to failure or stiffness between transosseous tunnels, suture anchors, and cortical buttons for pectoralis major tendon repair: a systematic review & meta‐analysis
Authors: Sequeira Sean B. , Sequeira Lynette M. , Wieland Mark D. , Imbergamo Casey M. , Tepper Kenneth 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeSurgical options for pectoralis major tendon tears include primary repair, though there is no consensus as to which constructs are biomechanically superior for repair.MethodsA systematic review was performed by searching PubMed, the Cochrane library, and Embase using PRISMA guidelines to identify studies that analyzed the biomechanical properties of bone tunnels (BT), cortical buttons (CB) and suture anchors (SA) techniques for pectoralis major tendon repair. The search phrase implemented was ‘pectoralis major tendon repair biomechanics’. Studies that did not evaluate biomechanical outcome data, evaluated partial pectoralis major tendon tears, and non‐English articles were excluded. Evaluated outcomes included ultimate load to failure (N) and stiffness (N/mm).ResultsSix studies met inclusion criteria, including a total of 124 cadaveric specimens, for pectoralis major tendon repair comparing BT with SA and CB. Pooled analysis from four studies reporting on ultimate load to failure between BT and SA failed to reveal a difference between BT and SA (p = 0.489). Pooled analysis from two studies reporting on stiffness failed to reveal a difference in favor of BT compared to SA (p = 0.705). Pooled analysis from four studies reporting on ultimate load to failure between BT and CB failed to reveal a difference between BT and CB (p = 0.567). Pooled analysis from two studies reporting on stiffness failed to reveal a difference in favor of BT compared to CB (p = 0.701).ConclusionsThere was no difference in load to failure or stiffness when using BT, CB, or SA in pectoralis major tendon repairs. This review reveals that clinical outcomes may better inform which fixation construct to implement in pectoralis major tendon repairs.Level of evidenceI.