bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of an Evacuated Flat-Plate Collector System for Domestic Hot Water Applications
Authors: Saeed Hamza , Mahmood Mariam , Nazir Hassan , Waqas Adeel , Ahmad Naveed , Ali Majid , Haseeb Abdul , Sajid Muhammad Bilal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRapid population growth and increasing energy demand in developing countries are the key drivers behind rising concerns such as energy poverty and environmental degradation. Harnessing solar energy can help the developing countries inch closer to sustainable economic growth. This article presents the performance analysis of a solar water heating system based on an evacuated flat-plate collector (EFPC). EFPCs offer higher optical performance and lower thermal losses in comparison with conventional solar collectors. In this study, a multiparametric analysis provides the guidelines for the design and optimization of a novel low vacuum EFPC system under ambient conditions, for domestic hot water (DHW) applications. A small-scale solar thermal collector system based on a low vacuum (17.5–20 kPa) EFPC of a total area of 4.0 m2 is designed and installed. The system is coupled with a storage tank composed of the helical copper coil configuration inside the tank, which is used as a heat exchanger from a primary loop to a secondary loop. A series of real-time experiments are performed under ambient conditions from December to April. The thermal efficiency of the EFPCs reaches a maximum value of 73.2%, with the glycol–water mixture as a heat transfer fluid at an inlet temperature of 31.2 °C, when the ambient temperature is 15.3 °C, average irradiance is 679.2 Wm−2, and vacuum pressure is 20 kPa. For this duration, the exergy efficiency reaches a peak value of 16%. This EFPC system provides 100 liters of hot water at 57–69 °C per day for DHW consumption when the average ambient temperature is 24 °C. The overall results highlight the potential of EFPCs for hot water applications. Furthermore, an efficiently optimized EFPC system can also be used for space heating during the winter season.
Burosumab in management of X-linked hypophosphataemia: a retrospective cohort study of growth and serum phosphate levels
Authors: Walker Emma Yi Xiu , Lindsay Timothy Alexander James , Allgrove Jeremy , Marlais Matko , Bockenhauer Detlef , Hayes Wesley 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundBurosumab, an antifibroblast growth factor 23 monoclonal antibody, improves rickets severity, symptoms and growth in children with X-linked hypophosphataemia (XLH) followed up to 64 weeks in clinical trials. International dosing guidance recommends targeting normal serum phosphate concentration; however, some children may not achieve this despite maximal dosing. This study compares clinical outcomes in children with XLH on long-term burosumab treatment who achieved normal phosphate versus those who did not.MethodsSingle-centre retrospective review of a large paediatric cohort with XLH treated with burosumab. We evaluated growth and biochemical markers of bone health in those who did compared with those who did not achieve normal plasma phosphate concentration.ResultsFifty-five children with XLH with median age of 11.7 (IQR 6.8–15.5) years were included. 27 (49%) had low plasma phosphate concentration, and 27 (49%) had normal phosphate after a median burosumab treatment duration of 3.3 (IQR 2.6–3.7) years. 1 (2%) did not have a recent phosphate level recorded. No difference in growth was found between normal and abnormal phosphate groups (p=0.9).ConclusionsYoung children with XLH experience sustained growth on long-term burosumab treatment, although without normal plasma phosphate concentration in many. Consideration should be made to changing burosumab dosing recommendations to target normalisation of alkaline phosphatase, as opposed to plasma phosphate concentration.
Ophthalmological outcome of 6.5 years children treated for retinopathy of prematurity: a Swedish register study
Authors: Larsson Eva , Hellström Ann , Tornqvist Kristina , Wallin Agneta , Sunnqvist Birgitta , Sandgren Hochhard Karin , Lundgren Pia , Al-Hawasi Abbas , Teär Fahnehjelm Kristina , Gränse Lotta , Holmstrom Gerd 
Published: January 2023

AimsTo determine the ophthalmological outcome at 6.5 years of age in children treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and registered in the national Swedish National Register for ROP register.MethodsData on ROP, treatment and ophthalmological outcome were retrieved from the register. Visual acuity (VA), refractive errors and strabismus, together with visual impairment (VI) and any significant eye problem, defined as VA >0.5 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) and/or strabismus and/or any refractive error were analysed. Risk factors such as sex, gestational age (GA), birth weight SD score, number of treatments and retreatments, postnatal age and postmenstrual age at first treatment were analysed.ResultsFollow-up data were available in 232 of 270 children born between 2007 and 2014 who had been treated for ROP. VI (VA >0.5 logMAR) was found in 32 (14%), strabismus in 82 (38%), refractive errors in 114 (52%) and significant eye problem in 143 (65%) children. Retreatment was a risk factor for VI and refractive errors. Male sex and neonatal brain lesion were risk factors for strabismus. An additional week of GA at birth reduced the risk for refractive errors, strabismus and significant eye problems.ConclusionThe results of the present study revealed a high number of eye problems in children treated for ROP, emphasising the need for long-term follow-up. Retreatment of ROP was a risk factor for VI, and emphasises the importance of an accurate first treatment for the long-term ophthalmological outcome.
Effectiveness of a judo-specific injury prevention programme: a randomised controlled trial in recreational judo athletes
Authors: von Gerhardt Amber L , Reurink Guus , Kerkhoffs Gino M M J , Verhagen Evert , Krabben Kai , Mooren Jeroen , Gal Jessica S I , Brons Arnold , Joorse Ronald , van den Broek Benny , Kemler Ellen , Tol Johannes L 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of a trainer-supervised judo-specific injury prevention warm-up programme on overall injury prevalence.MethodsWe conducted a two-arm, cluster randomised controlled trial; the Injury Prevention and Performance Optimization Netherlands (IPPON) study. Judo athletes aged≥12 years were randomised by judo school to IPPON intervention or control group who performed their usual warm-up. Primary outcome was overall injury prevalence (%) over the follow-up period (16–26 weeks) measured fortnightly with the Oslo Sports and Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire. A modified intention-to-treat analysis was performed due to COVID-19, with estimates for the primary outcome obtained using generalised linear mixed models. Secondary outcomes included: prevalence of severe injuries, overall incidence, time-loss injuries, exposure, adherence and experiences of trainers and athletes.Results269 judo athletes (IPPON: 117, Control: 152) were included. Mean injury prevalence over 16–26 weeks was 23% (95% CI 20% to 26%) in the IPPON and 28% (95% CI 25% to 30%) in the control group. We observed no significant difference of all reported injuries (OR 0.72 in favour of the IPPON group; 95% CI 0.37 to 1.39). Secondary outcomes also demonstrated no significant differences between groups. Specifically, no significant difference of severe injuries was reported (OR 0.80 in favour of the IPPON group; 95% CI 0.36 to 1.78). All trainers and 70% of athletes perceived the IPPON intervention as successful.ConclusionThe IPPON intervention did not significantly reduce the overall and severe injury prevalence. Despite this, we suggest the IPPON intervention be considered as an useful alternative to regular judo warm-up, given the high adherence and the positive clinical experiences of trainers and athletes.Trial registration numberNTR7698.
Association between healthy lifestyle and memory decline in older adults: 10 year, population based, prospective cohort study
Authors: Jia Jianping , Zhao Tan , Liu Zhaojun , Liang Yumei , Li Fangyu , Li Yan , Liu Wenying , Li Fang , Shi Shengliang , Zhou Chunkui , Yang Heyun , Liao Zhengluan , Li Yang , Zhao Huiying , Zhang Jintao , Zhang Kunnan , Kan Minchen , Yang Shanshan , Li Hao , Liu Zhongling , Ma Rong , Lv Jihui , Wang Yue , Yan Xin , Liang Furu , Yuan Xiaoling , Zhang Jinbiao , Gauthier Serge , Cummings Jeffrey 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective
To identify an optimal lifestyle profile to protect against memory loss in older individuals.

Design
Population based, prospective cohort study.

Setting
Participants from areas representative of the north, south, and west of China.

Participants
Individuals aged 60 years or older who had normal cognition and underwent apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping at baseline in 2009.

Main outcome measures
Participants were followed up until death, discontinuation, or 26 December 2019. Six healthy lifestyle factors were assessed: a healthy diet (adherence to the recommended intake of at least 7 of 12 eligible food items), regular physical exercise (≥150 min of moderate intensity or ≥75 min of vigorous intensity, per week), active social contact (≥twice per week), active cognitive activity (≥twice per week), never or previously smoked, and never drinking alcohol. Participants were categorised into the favourable group if they had four to six healthy lifestyle factors, into the average group for two to three factors, and into the unfavourable group for zero to one factor. Memory function was assessed using the World Health Organization/University of California-Los Angeles Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and global cognition was assessed via the Mini-Mental State Examination. Linear mixed models were used to explore the impact of lifestyle factors on memory in the study sample.

Results
29 072 participants were included (mean age of 72.23 years; 48.54% (n=14 113) were women; and 20.43% (n=5939) were APOE ε4 carriers). Over the 10 year follow-up period (2009-19), participants in the favourable group had slower memory decline than those in the unfavourable group (by 0.028 points/year, 95% confidence interval 0.023 to 0.032, P<0.001). APOE ε4 carriers with favourable (0.027, 95% confidence interval 0.023 to 0.031) and average (0.014, 0.010 to 0.019) lifestyles exhibited a slower memory decline than those with unfavourable lifestyles. Among people who were not carriers of APOE ε4, similar results were observed among participants in the favourable (0.029 points/year, 95% confidence interval 0.019 to 0.039) and average (0.019, 0.011 to 0.027) groups compared with those in the unfavourable group. APOE ε4 status and lifestyle profiles did not show a significant interaction effect on memory decline (P=0.52).

Conclusion
A healthy lifestyle is associated with slower memory decline, even in the presence of the APOE ε4 allele. This study might offer important information to protect older adults against memory decline.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03653156
.
Phenotypic CD8 T cell profiling in chronic hepatitis B to predict HBV-specific CD8 T cell susceptibility to functional restoration in vitro
Authors: Rossi Marzia , Vecchi Andrea , Tiezzi Camilla , Barili Valeria , Fisicaro Paola , Penna Amalia , Montali Ilaria , Daffis Stephane , Fletcher Simon P , Gaggar Anuj , Medley Jonathan , Graupe Michael , Lad Latesh , Loglio Alessandro , Soffredini Roberta , Borghi Marta , Pollicino Teresa , Musolino Cristina , Alfieri Arianna , Brillo Federica , Laccabue Diletta , Massari Marco , Boarini Chiara , Abbati Gianluca , Pedrazzi Giuseppe , Missale Gabriele , Lampertico Pietro , Ferrari Carlo , Boni Carolina 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveExhausted hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific CD8 T cells in chronic HBV infection are broadly heterogeneous. Characterisation of their functional impairment may allow to distinguish patients with different capacity to control infection and reconstitute antiviral function.DesignHBV dextramer+CD8 T cells were analysed ex vivo for coexpression of checkpoint/differentiation markers, transcription factors and cytokines in 35 patients with HLA-A2+chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and in 29 control HBsAg negative CHB patients who seroconverted after NUC treatment or spontaneously. Cytokine production was also evaluated in HBV peptide-stimulated T cell cultures, in the presence or absence of antioxidant, polyphenolic, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor and TLR-8 agonist compounds and the effect on HBV-specific responses was further validated on additional 24 HLA-A2 negative CHB patients.ResultsSeverely exhausted HBV-specific CD8 T cell subsets with high expression of inhibitory receptors, such as PD-1, TOX and CD39, were detected only in a subgroup of chronic viraemic patients. Conversely, a large predominance of functionally more efficient HBV-specific CD8 T cell subsets with lower expression of coinhibitory molecules and better response to in vitro immune modulation, typically detected after resolution of infection, was also observed in a proportion of chronic viraemic HBV patients. Importantly, the same subset of patients who responded more efficiently to in vitro immune modulation identified by HBV-specific CD8 T cell analysis were also identified by staining total CD8 T cells with PD-1, TOX, CD127 and Bcl-2.ConclusionsThe possibility to distinguish patient cohorts with different capacity to respond to immune modulatory compounds in vitro by a simple analysis of the phenotypic CD8 T cell exhaustion profile deserves evaluation of its clinical applicability.
Targeting m6A reader YTHDF1 augments antitumour immunity and boosts anti-PD-1 efficacy in colorectal cancer
Authors: Bao Yi , Zhai Jianning , Chen Huarong , Wong Chi Chun , Liang Cong , Ding Yanqiang , Huang Dan , Gou Hongyan , Chen Danyu , Pan Yasi , Kang Wei , To Ka Fai , Yu Jun 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThe role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) remains understudied. Here, we elucidate function and mechanism of YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1 (YTHDF1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) TIME.DesignClinical significance of YTHDF1 was assessed in tissue microarrays (N=408) and TCGA (N=526) cohorts.YTHDF1function was determined in syngeneic tumours, intestine-specificYthdf1knockin mice, and humanised mice. Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) was employed to profile TIME. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq), RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and ribosome sequencing (Ribo-seq) were used to identify YTHDF1 direct targets. Vesicle-like nanoparticles (VNPs)-encapsulatedYTHDF1-siRNA was used forYTHDF1silencing in vivo.ResultsYTHDF1expression negatively correlated with interferon-γ gene signature in TCGA-CRC. Concordantly, YTHDF1 protein negatively correlated with CD8+T-cell infiltration in independent tissue microarrays cohorts, implying its role in TIME. Genetic depletion ofYthdf1augmented antitumour immunity in CT26 (MSS-CRC) and MC38 (MSI-H-CRC) syngeneic tumours, whileYthdf1knockin promoted an immunosuppressive TIME facilitating CRC in azoxymethane-dextran sulphate-sodium orApcMin/+models. scRNA-seq identified reduction of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), concomitant with increased cytotoxic T cells inYthdf1knockout tumours. Integrated MeRIP-seq, RNA-seq and Ribo-seq revealed p65/Rela as a YTHDF1 target. YTHDF1 promoted p65 translation to upregulate CXCL1, which increased MDSC migration via CXCL1-CXCR2 axis. Increased MSDCs in turn antagonised functional CD8+T cells in TIME. Importantly, targeting YTHDF1 by CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) or VNPs-siYTHDF1boosted anti-PD1 efficacy in MSI-H CRC, and overcame anti-PD1 resistance in MSS CRC.ConclusionYTHDF1 impairs antitumour immunity via an m6A-p65-CXCL1/CXCR2 axis to promote CRC and serves as a therapeutic target in immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: population-based cohort study
Authors: Abrahami Devin , Pradhan Richeek , Yin Hui , Yanofsky Russell , McDonald Emily Gibson , Bitton Alain , Azoulay Laurent 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo determine whether the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) compared with the use of histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) is associated with an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).DesignPopulation-based cohort study designed to address the impact of protopathic bias.SettingGeneral practices contributing data to the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD.Participants1 498 416 initiators of PPIs and 322 474 initiators of H2RAs from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2018, with follow-up until 31 December 2019. Patients were analysed according to the timing of the IBD diagnosis after treatment initiation (early vs late).Main outcome measuresStandardised morbidity ratio weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate marginal HRs and 95% CIs. In the early-event analysis, IBD diagnoses were assessed within the first 2 years of treatment initiation, an analysis subject to potential protopathic bias. In the late-event analysis, all exposures were lagged by 2 years to account for latency and minimise protopathic bias.ResultsIn the early-event analysis, the use of PPIs was associated with an increased risk of IBD within the first 2 years of treatment initiation, compared with H2RAs (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.69). In contrast, the use of PPIs was not associated with an increased risk of IBD in the late-event analysis (HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.22). The results remained consistent in several sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsCompared with H2RAs, PPIs were not associated with an increased risk of IBD, after accounting for protopathic bias.
Four-year follow-up of surface contamination by antineoplastic drugs in a compounding unit
Authors: Saint-Lorant Guillaume , Vasseur Michèle , Allorge Delphine , Beauval Nicolas , Simon Nicolas , Odou Pascal 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to monitor the contamination by antineoplastic drugs on work surfaces in a compounding unit 4 years after its implementation.MethodsThis descriptive study was done in a unit performing on average 45 000 preparations per year. Surface sampling points (N=23) were monitored monthly in the frame of routine activity from the opening of an anticancer drug compounding unit. Contamination with nine antineoplastic drugs (cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, dacarbazine, 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, gemcitabine, cytarabine, irinotecan and doxorubicin) was assessed on wipes with a local liquid chromatography coupled with a tandem mass spectrometer analysis. The contamination rate (CR, %) was prospectively monitored every month during the entire study period. The occurrence of critical incidents was also registered. The effect of each safety measure implemented during this period was also analysed.ResultsBased on the 1104 samples collected between March 2016 and March 2020, the CR was 18.5%. If three different critical incidents among a vial breakage that occurred were individually considered, this CR was slightly lower than that in the literature. Eight months after opening and taking different corrective actions, the overall CR dropped from 42.39% to 11.52% (p<0.001). Contamination was limited to the area that includes the compounding room and, more precisely, the welder and the QC-Prep+sampling points.ConclusionsFrom the beginning of the study and from month to month, surface contamination was limited to the nearest sampling points to the compounding unit. This 4-year monitoring study allowed us to determine the intravenous conventional antineoplastic drugs and sampling points to be focused on.
Spiritual well-being, dignity-related distress and demoralisation at the end of life-effects of dignity therapy: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: De Vincenzo Francesco , Lombardo Luigi , Iani Luca , Maruelli Alice , Durante Sieva , Ragghianti Matilde , Park Crystal L , Innamorati Marco , Quinto Rossella Mattea 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThis single-centre prospective randomised controlled study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of dignity therapy on spiritual well-being, demoralisation and dignity-related distress compared with standard palliative care.MethodsA total of 111 terminally ill hospice patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups: dignity therapy plus standard palliative care (intervention group) or standard palliative care alone (control group). The main outcomes were meaning, peace, faith, loss of meaning and purpose, distress and coping ability, existential distress, psychological distress and physical distress. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 7–10 and 15–20 days.ResultsFollowing randomisation, 11 dropped out before baseline assessment and 33 after post-treatment assessment. A total of 67 patients completed the study, 35 in the experimental group and 32 in the control group. Repeated measures general linear model showed significant differences between groups on peace and psychological distress over time, but not on existential distress, physical distress, meaning and purpose, distress and coping ability, meaning and faith. Specifically, patients in the dignity therapy intervention maintained similar levels of peace from baseline to follow-up, whereas patients in the control group significantly declined in peace during the same time period. Moreover, psychological distress significantly decreased from pretreatment to post-treatment in the intervention group and increased in the control group.ConclusionsDignity therapy may be an effective intervention in maintaining sense of peace for terminally ill patients. The findings of our study are of relevance in palliative care and suggest the potential clinical utility of this psychological intervention.
Association of clinically significant obstructive sleep apnoea with risks of contracting COVID-19 and serious COVID-19 complications: a retrospective population-based study of health administrative data
Authors: Kendzerska Tetyana , Povitz Marcus , Gershon Andrea S , Ryan Clodagh M , Talarico Robert , Franco Avecilla Dennys Andrea , Robillard Rebecca , Ayas Najib T , Pendharkar Sachin R 
Published: January 2023

Rationale/objectivesDespite plausible pathophysiological mechanisms, more research is needed to confirm the relationship between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and the risk of COVID-19 infection or COVID-19-related serious complications.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study using provincial health administrative data (Ontario, Canada). Adults with physician-diagnosed OSA who received positive airway pressure therapy in the 5 years prepandemic (OSA group) were propensity score matched by baseline characteristics to individuals in the general population at low risk of OSA (non-OSA group) using inverse probability of treatment weighting. Weighted HRs of (1) a positive COVID-19 test and (2) COVID-19-related emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalisations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and mortality, within 12 months of pandemic onset, were compared between groups. We also evaluated the impact of comorbid cardiometabolic or chronic airways disease.ResultsWe identified and matched 324 029 individuals in the OSA group to 4 588 200 individuals in the non-OSA group. Compared with the non-OSA group, those in the OSA group were at a greater hazard of testing positive for COVID-19 (HR=1.17, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.21), having a COVID-19-related ED visit (HR=1.62, 95% CI 1.51 to 1.73), hospitalisation (HR=1.50, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.65) or ICU admission (HR=1.53, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.84). COVID-19-related 30-day mortality was not different (HR=0.98, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.16).We found that for the OSA group, comorbid airways disease but not cardiometabolic conditions increased the hazards of COVID-19-related outcomes, including mortality.ConclusionIn this large population-based study, we demonstrated that a recent diagnosis of OSA requiring treatment was associated with an increased hazard of testing positive for COVID-19 and serious COVID-19-related complications, particularly in those with co-existing chronic airways disease.