bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal decomposition mechanism analysis of circulating solids sampled from Ende pulverized‐coal gasifier
Authors: Song Minhang , Jiao Xiaolong , Liu Xiaoying , Hou Buying 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEnde pulverized‐coal gasifier (EPCG) is a type of circulating fluidized bed gasifier, in which the circulating solids are resent into the furnace through a return conduit for regasification. Since the solid circulation in the return conduit mainly relies on gravity self‐balancing, it is easy to cause low and unstable solid circulation rate and increase unburned combustible of fly ash. To solve these problems, a circulation enhancement technique using an ejector to provide a stable pressure barrier to promote solid circulation was proposed. To verify its feasibility, considering that the circulating solid‐CO2 reaction is a rate‐controlling step in the gasification process, it is of great significance to explore the reactivity characteristics of the circulating solids under CO2 atmosphere. In this work, thermal decomposition characteristics of Hailar circulating solids (HLE‐CS), Hailar char (HLE‐C), and Shenhua circulating solids (SH‐CS) were investigated by non‐isothermal thermogravimetric analysis to compare the gasification reaction characteristics of circulating solids and char. The HLE‐CS and SH‐CS used in the experiments were taken from the return conduit of 45,000 and 20,000 Nm3/h EPCGs, respectively, while HLE‐C was made from the raw coal of 45,000 Nm3/h EPCG. The effects of different samples under the same thermal decomposition temperature range were investigated. The kinetic parameters were determined by the distributed activation energy model. The results indicated that remarkable peaks were found in the relationship between temperature (T) and activation energy (E) for HLE‐CS and SH‐CS, but there was no significant peak for HLE‐C, and kinetic compensation effects also existed between ln(k0) and E for different samples. The circulating solids of HLE‐CS and SH‐CS were more easily gasified than that of HLE‐C in the lower temperature ambience. Moreover, HLE‐CS and SH‐CS have obvious pyrolysis and gasification stages, which can be completely introduced into EPCG for regasification, and increasing the circulating solid rate and temperature within a certain range is beneficial to enhance the gasification rate.
Assessment of the genetic diversity of Chinese freshwater mussels and refuge areas in the Yangtze River floodplain
Authors: Liu Xiongjun , Lopes‐Lima Manuel , Chen Xu , Zhou Yu , Qin Dongmei , Zhou Chunhua , Ouyang Shan , Huang Xiao‐Chen , Wu Xiaoping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Freshwater mussels are one of the most diverse and endangered faunas worldwide. Owing to the continuing global biodiversity loss, it is essential to identify and protect populations that are not severely affected by human disturbances and ensure that natural genetic diversity is not inevitably lost. The generation of baseline genetic diversity data will help guide species conservation and restoration plans in the Yangtze River Basin where freshwater mussels are facing multiple threats and where strong declines have been observed.
The genetic diversity of freshwater mussels was assessed using 818 mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), 565 28S rRNA and 509 COI + 28S datasets, and refuge areas in the Yangtze River floodplain were predicted using a Maxent habitat suitability model.
The results showed that the genetic diversity of Aculamprotula spp., Sinosolenaia carinata, Cuneopsis rufescens, Lamprotula cornuumlunae, Lanceolaria lanceolata, Ptychorhynchus pfisteri, Schistodesmus spp. and Sinohyriopsis cumingii was lower than that of other freshwater mussels, which indicated that the conservation status of these species should be prioritized.
The habitat suitability modelling showed that Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake basins (lakes and tributary rivers connected to the Yangtze River mainstem) present the most suitable habitats for freshwater mussels, indicating that lateral hydrological connectivity may be the most important factor in maintaining the genetic diversity of Chinese freshwater mussels. Consequently, Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake basins should be established as protected areas.
This study provides valuable information for the conservation and management of freshwater mussel biodiversity in the Yangtze River basin, which will not only help conserve this vulnerable group but will also provide wider benefits to freshwater ecosystems.
The influence of firm digitalization on sustainable innovation performance and the moderating role of corporate sustainability practices: An empirical investigation
Authors: Ardito Lorenzo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper seeks to shed light on the relationship between firm digitalization and the likelihood of launching sustainable innovations (social and environmental, social only, and environmental only), for which the extant research has provided a paucity of evidence. In detail, the role of digitalization is considered in terms of (i) the specific effect of a given digital technology (DT)—among artificial intelligence, cloud computing, robotics, smart devices, big data analytics, high speed infrastructure, and blockchain—and (ii) the effect of the concurrent adoption of multiple DTs (degree of digitalization). Furthermore, the paper assesses if and how the effect of the degree of digitalization is moderated by the implementation of sustainability practices, as the two issues are often treated independently. Research questions are proposed instead of hypotheses. Econometric analysis to answer proposed questions is based on a sample of 14,125 firms, whose information is gathered from the survey Flash Eurobarometer 486. Results reveal that each DT differently affects the likelihood of launching sustainable innovations, while the degree of digitalization is always beneficial. Moreover, it appears that firm digitalization and the adoption of sustainability practices are not complementary. All in all, this paper helps to illuminate current representations of the interplay between digitalization, sustainability practices, and sustainable innovations at the firm level, with implications for research, managerial practice, and policymaking.
Temporal increase in the incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma in Kentucky and factors associated with adverse outcomes
Authors: O'brien Stephen J. , Gaskins Jeremy T. , Ellis C. Tyler , Martin Brock A. , Mcdowell Jaclyn , Gondim Dibson Dibe , Galandiuk Susan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnal squamous cell cancer (ASCC) incidence in Kentucky is increasing at an alarming rate. In 2009, the incidence surpassed the US national average (2.66 vs. 1.77/100,000 people), and currently, Kentucky ranks second by state per capita. The reasons for this rise are unclear. We hypothesize individuals with ASCC in Kentucky have some unique risk factors associated with worse outcomes.MethodsIndividuals with ASCC in a population‐level state database (1995–2016), as well as those treated at two urban university‐affiliated tertiary care centers (2011–2018), were included and analyzed separately. We evaluated patient‐level factors including demographics, tobacco use, stage of disease, HIV‐status, and HPV‐type. We evaluated factors associated with treatment and survival using univariable and multivariable survival analyses.ResultsThere were 1698 individuals in state data and 101 in urban center data. In the urban cohort, 77% of patients were ever‐smokers. Eighty‐four percent of patients had positive HPV testing, and 58% were positive for HPV 16. Seventy‐two percent of patients were positive for p16. Neither smoking, HPV, nor p16 status were associated with disease persistence, recurrence‐free survival, or overall survival (all p > 0.05). Poorly controlled HIV (CD4 count <500) at time of ASCC diagnosis was associated disease persistence (p = 0.032). Stage III disease (adjusted HR = 5.25, p = 0.025) and local excision (relative to chemoradiation; aHR = 0.19, p = 0.017) were significantly associated with reduced recurrence‐free survival.ConclusionsThe rate of ASCC in Kentucky has doubled over the last 10 years, which is outpacing anal SCC rates in the US with the most dramatic rates seen in Kentucky women. The underlying reasons for this are unclear and require further study. There may be other risk factors unique to Kentucky.
Inhibition of lncRNA PCAT19 promotes breast cancer proliferation
Authors: Feng Jianyuan , Zhang Jiarui , Li Yanling , Cheng Weilun , Liu Yansong , Chen Ziang , Duan Yunqiang , Yu Tianshui , Hu Anbang , Wang Ting , Zhang Hanyu , Li Mingcui , Rong Zhiyuan , Ma Fei , Guo Baoliang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy affecting women. It is vital to explore sensitive biological markers to diagnose and treat BC patients. Recent studies have proved that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were involved in breast tumor progression. Nonetheless, whether lncRNA prostate cancer‐associated transcript 19 (PCAT19) impacts BC development remains unknown.MethodsWe performed various bioinformatic analyses, including machine learning models to identify critical regulatory lncRNAs affecting prognosis in BC. The in situ hybridization (ISH) assay was carried out to confirm the expression levels of lncRNA PCAT19 in tissue specimens. MTT assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay were performed to investigate PCAT19's impact on proliferation, migration, and invasion of BC cells. Mouse xenografts were used to examine the proliferation‐inhibiting function of PCAT19 in vivo.ResultsAmong the prognosis‐associated lncRNAs, PCAT19 predicted a favorable prognosis in BC. Patients with high expression levels of PCAT19 had a lower clinical stage and less lymph node metastasis. The PCAT19‐related genes were enriched in signaling pathways involved in tumor development, indicating PCAT19 was an essential regulator of BC. Using the ISH assay, we confirmed the expression level of lncRNA PCAT19 in human BC tissues was lower than normal breast tissues. Moreover, the knockdown of PCAT19 further confirmed its inhibiting ability in BC cell proliferation. Correspondingly, overexpressing PCAT19 reduced tumor size in mouse xenografts.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that lncRNA PCAT19 suppressed the development of BC. PCAT19 might be a promising prognostic biomarker, which provides new insights into risk stratification for BC patients.
Coronary artery disease and TAVI: Current evidence on a recurrent issue
Authors: Massussi Mauro , Adamo Marianna , Rosati Fabrizio , Chizzola Giuliano , Metra Marco , Tarantini Giuseppe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCoronary artery disease (CAD) is a frequent finding in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). Concomitant coronary artery bypass and aortic valve replacement is considered the gold standard treatment in surgical candidates. However, limited evidence is available regarding the role of coronary revascularization in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). How to evaluate CAD severity in patients with AS, whether percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) needs to be performed and what is the timing for revascularization to minimize procedural risks, remains matters of debate. The aim of this review is to summarize epidemiology, diagnostic tools and possible options for CAD management in patients undergoing TAVI with specific focus on the pros and the cons of the different timing of PCI.
Echocardiography in left atrial thrombosis
Authors: Moghaddasfar Tara , Vahidi Hamed , Faramarzpour Maryam , Larti Farnoosh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAtrial fibrillation is one of the major predisposing factors in developing left atrial thrombosis, leading to morbidity and mortality. Echocardiography plays a paramount role in this condition's detection and subsequent treatment.
Adaptation of Dynamic Data‐Driven Models for Real‐Time Applications: From Simulated to Real Batch Distillation Trajectories by Transfer Learning
Authors: Rihm Gerardo Brand , Schueler Merlin , Nentwich Corina , Esche Erik , Repke Jens-Uwe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the absence of knowledge about challenging dynamic phenomena involved in batch distillation processes, e.g., complex flow regimes or appearing and vanishing phases, generation of accurate mechanistic models is limited. Real plant data containing this missing information is scarce, also limiting the use of data‐driven models. To exploit the information contained in measurement data and a related but inaccurate first‐principles model, transfer learning from simulated to real plant data is analyzed. For the use case of a batch distillation column, the adapted model provides more accurate predictions than a data‐driven model trained exclusively on scarce real plant data or simulated data. Its enhanced convergence and lower computational cost make it suitable for optimization in real‐time.
Efficient photocatalytic removal of N‐nitrosamines from amine washing wastewater using bismuth tungstate
Authors: Maddineni Vasu , Ali Feysal M. , Ibrahim Hussameldin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe most mature and practical technology to reduce industrial CO2 emissions, the main contributor to global warming, is amine‐based post‐combustion CO2 capture. However, this results in amine degradation products that pose a threat to human health as well as marine life. To reduce the impact on human health and marine life, identifying and treating carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds like N‐nitrosamines is extremely important. Photocatalysis, in particular, an advanced oxidation process which uses a UV light source and semiconductor catalysts is studied for the degradation of organic and inorganic pollutants. N‐Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) is treated with strong reactive hydroxyl radicals generated by a bismuth tungstate (Bi2WO6) semiconductor under UV/visible irradiation. The Bi2WO6 was studied both in pure form and surface‐modified forms using transition metal impregnation like Ag, Fe, Cu, and La. Various catalyst characterization techniques like Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD), UV–visible, and scanning electron microscopy–energy‐dispersive X‐ray (SEM‐EDS) are used to study the surface textural and morphological properties of the catalyst. Furthermore, the effect of pH of the solution, catalyst dosing, and metal impregnation (%) on the photocatalytic degradation of NDEA is analyzed. The face centred‐central composite design (FC‐CCD) experimental design method was used through response surface methodology (RSM) and optimization studies for removal of NDEA. The quadratic model was obtained as a functional link between NDEA concentration and three operation variables for all metal impregnated Bi2WO6. The results showed that the pH of the solution was the most significant factor compared to other variables like catalyst dosing and metal impregnation. The average degradation efficiency of NDEA was 89.2% for Fe‐Bi2WO6, 87.4% Ag‐Bi2WO6, 86.9% for La‐Bi2WO6, and 85% for Cu‐Bi2WO6.
Three‐plane description of astroglial architecture and gliovascular connections of area postrema in rat: Long tanycyte connections to other parts of brainstem
Authors: Kálmán Mihály , Oszwald Erzsébet , Pócsai Károly 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe study demonstrates the astroglial and gliovascular structures of the area postrema (AP) in three planes, and compares them to our former findings on the subfornical organ (SFO) and the organon vasculosum laminae terminalis (OVLT). The results revealed long glial processes interconnecting the AP with deeper areas of brain stem. The laminin and β‐dystroglycan immunolabeling altered along the vessels indicating alterations of the gliovascular relations. These and the distributions of glial markers displayed similarities to the SFO and OVLT. In every organ, there was a central area with vimentin‐ and nestin‐immunopositive glia, whereas GFAP and the water‐channel aquaporin 4 were found at the periphery. This separation supports different functions of the two regions. The presence of nestin may indicate stem cell capabilities, whereas aquaporin 4 has been suggested by other studies to be a possible participant of osmoperception. Numerous S100‐immunopositive glial cells were found approximately evenly distributed in both parts of the AP. Frequency of glutamine synthetase‐immunoreactive cells was similar in the surrounding brain tissue in contrast to that found in the OVLT and SFO. Our findings on the three sensory circumventricular organs (AP, OVLT, and SFO) are compared in parallel.
Pressure‐Induced Semiconductor‐to‐Metallic Transition of Monoclinic KCa2Nb3O10 Layered Perovskite: A Theoretical DFT Insight
Authors: Asrafusjaman Md. , Hasan Mehedi , Islam M. A. , Hossain A. K. M. Akther 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe structural, electronic, optical, and semiconducting properties of monoclinic KCa2Nb3O10 layered perovskite at pressures ranging from 0 to 400 GPa are investigated using a first‐principles method based on density functional theory (DFT). The calculated lattice parameters and other properties are compared with available experimental values, and good agreement with them is found. The investigation of the electronic properties demonstrates that the compound's direct bandgap nature at the Z‐point appears for all pressure and the compound becomes metallic at 400 GPa. The most influential contribution to the total and partial density of states comes from Nb‐4d and O‐2p states at the Fermi level under applied pressure. The study of optical functions displays that, at 400 GPa pressure, the material is particularly reflective, with the maximum absorption in the infrared band. The outcomes of this study suggest that pressure has a significant effect on the structural, electronic, and optical properties of KCa2Nb3O10 perovskite that may be promising for optoelectronic applications.
Ventricular stiffening and chamber contracture in heart failure with higher ejection fraction
Authors: Popovic Dejana , Alogna Alessio , Omar Massar , Sorimachi Hidemi , Omote Kazunori , Reddy Yogesh N.V. , Redfield Margaret M. , Burkhoff Daniel , Borlaug Barry A. 
Published: March 2023

AimsAncillary analyses from clinical trials have suggested reduced efficacy for neurohormonal antagonists among patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and higher ranges of ejection fraction (EF).Methods and resultsA total of 621 patients with HFpEF were grouped into those with low‐normal left ventricular EF (LVEF) (HFpEF<65%, n = 319, 50% ≤ LVEF <65%) or HFpEF≥65% (n = 302, LVEF ≥65%), and compared with 149 age‐matched controls undergoing comprehensive echocardiography and invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing. A sensitivity analysis was performed in a second non‐invasive community‐based cohort of patients with HFpEF (n = 244) and healthy controls without cardiovascular disease (n = 617). Patients with HFpEF≥65% had smaller left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic volume than HFpEF<65%, but LV systolic function assessed by preload recruitable stroke work and stroke work/end‐diastolic volume was similarly impaired. Patients with HFpEF≥65% displayed an end‐diastolic pressure–volume relationship (EDPVR) that was shifted leftward, with increased LV diastolic stiffness constant β, in both invasive and community‐based cohorts. Cardiac filling pressures and pulmonary artery pressures at rest and during exercise were similarly abnormal in all EF subgroups. While patients HFpEF≥57% displayed leftward shifted EDPVR, those with HFpEF<57% had a rightward shifted EDPVR more typical of heart failure with reduced EF.ConclusionMost pathophysiologic differences in patients with HFpEF and higher EF are related to smaller heart size, increased LV diastolic stiffness, and leftward shift in the EDPVR. These findings may help to explain the absence of efficacy for neurohormonal antagonists in this group and raise a new hypothesis, that interventions to stimulate eccentric LV remodelling and enhance diastolic capacitance may be beneficial for patients with HFpEF and EF in the higher range.
Numerical investigation of the effect of using louver baffles on thermal performance in solar air collectors
Authors: Tuğan Volkan , Işık Erdem 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConventional flat plate solar air collectors have advantages such as low cost and simple design. However, their thermal efficiency is lower than that of other designs. The thermal efficiency of these collectors can be increased by detailed examination of parameters such as the shape, size, arrangement and material of the air duct. In this study, it is aimed to improve the thermal efficiency of solar air collectors. The effect of louver baffles, which were not previously used in solar air collectors, on thermal efficiency was investigated numerically via computational fluid dynamics. Three different solar air collectors with flat plates, segmented baffles, and louver baffles were compared in terms of thermal efficiency. In addition, pressure drops in solar air collectors were investigated. The mass flow rate of the air in all collectors is assumed to be 0.04 kg/s. Analyzes were carried out between 09:00 and 16:00. The thermal efficiency values obtained during the day for solar air collectors with flat plate, segmented baffles and louver baffles are 27.66%–56.35%, 29.57%–58.82% and 30.09%–59.47%, respectively. The daily thermal efficiency values obtained for solar air collectors with flat plate, segmented baffles and louver baffles are 46.98%, 49.18% and 49.87%, respectively. The pressure drop for solar air collectors with flat plate, segmented baffles and louver baffles were found to be 4.62, 18.82 and 5.96 Pa, respectively. Based on the data obtained from this study, louver baffles are recommended for use in solar heating applications due to their high thermal efficiency and low pressure drop.
Tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations Need to Prioritize Transition to Management Procedures
Authors: Pipernos Sara , Galland Grantly , Miller Shana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Tuna regional fisheries management organizations (tRFMO) have made strong commitments to developing and implementing management procedures as a more effective and science-based alternative to traditional management approaches. Management procedures have become popular in fisheries management as they use management strategy evaluation testing to successfully account for uncertainty, balance tradeoffs among competing objectives, and establish an algorithm to set fishing opportunities based on stock status. While four tRFMOs have seven management procedures in place and all five tRFMOs are developing management procedures for an additional 15 stocks, delays in development are widespread. No tRFMO has adhered to its agreed-upon adoption deadline for all 22 management procedures, with 13 management procedure deadlines being delayed by four or more years. Such delays can be reduced or avoided through increased stakeholder involvement, market pressure, and support from external organizations and governments, all of which can be achieved through capacity building as well as the establishment and regular meeting of science–management dialogue groups.