bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-hospital mortality and one-year survival of critically ill patients with cancer colonized or not with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria or vancomycin-resistant enterococci: an observational study
Authors: Junior Antonio Paulo Nassar , Del Missier Giulia Medola , Praça Ana Paula Agnolon , Silva Ivan Leonardo Avelino França e , Caruso Pedro 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with cancer are at risk of multidrug-resistant bacteria colonization, but association of colonization with in-hospital mortality and one-year survival has not been established in critically ill patients with cancer.

Methods
Using logistic and Cox-regression analyses adjusted for confounders, in adult patients admitted at intensive care unit (ICU) with active cancer, we evaluate the association of colonization by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria or vancomycin-resistant enterococci with in-hospital mortality and one-year survival.

Results
We included 714 patients and among them 140 were colonized (19.6%). Colonized patients more frequently came from ward, had longer hospital length of stay before ICU admission, had unplanned ICU admission, had worse performance status, higher predicted mortality upon ICU admission, and more hematological malignancies than patients without colonization. None of the patients presented conversion of colonization to infection by the same bacteria during hospital stay, but 20.7% presented conversion to infection after hospital discharge. Colonized patients had a higher in-hospital mortality compared to patients without colonization (44.3 vs. 33.4%; p < 0.01), but adjusting for confounders, colonization was not associated with in-hospital mortality [Odds ratio = 1.03 (0.77–1.99)]. Additionally, adjusting for confounders, colonization was not associated with one-year survival [Hazard ratio = 1.10 (0.87–1.40)].

Conclusions
Adult critically ill patients with active cancer and colonized by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria or vancomycin-resistant enterococci active cancer have a worse health status compared to patients without colonization. However, adjusting for confounders, colonization by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria or vancomycin-resistant enterococci are not associated with in-hospital mortality and one-year survival.
Leveraging Natural Language Processing to Extract Features of Colorectal Polyps From Pathology Reports for Epidemiologic Study
Authors: Benson Ryzen , Winterton Candace , Winn Maci , Krick Benjamin , Liu Mei , Abu-el-rub Noor , Conway Mike , Del Fiol Guilherme , Gawron Andrew , Hardikar Sheetal 
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE Histopathologic features are critical for studying risk factors of colorectal polyps, but remain deeply embedded within unstructured pathology reports, requiring costly and time-consuming manual abstraction for research. In this study, we developed and evaluated a natural language processing (NLP) pipeline to automatically extract histopathologic features of colorectal polyps from pathology reports, with an emphasis on individual polyp size. These data were then linked with structured electronic health record (EHR) data, creating an analysis-ready epidemiologic data set. METHODS We obtained 24,584 pathology reports from colonoscopies performed at the University of Utah’s Gastroenterology Clinic. Two investigators annotated 350 reports to determine inter-rater agreement, develop an annotation scheme, and create a reference standard for performance evaluation. The pipeline was then developed, and performance was compared against the reference for extracting polyp location, histology, size, shape, dysplasia, and the number of polyps. Finally, the pipeline was applied to 24,225 unseen reports and NLP-extracted data were linked with structured EHR data. RESULTS Across all features, our pipeline achieved a precision of 98.9%, a recall of 98.0%, and an F1-score of 98.4%. In patients with polyps, the pipeline correctly extracted 95.6% of sizes, 97.2% of polyp locations, 97.8% of histology, 98.3% of shapes, and 98.3% of dysplasia levels. When applied to unseen data, the pipeline classified 12,889 patients as having polyps, 4,907 patients without polyps, and extracted the features of 28,387 polyps. Tubular adenomas were the most common subtype (55.9%), 8.1% of polyps were advanced adenomas, and the mean polyp size was 0.57 (±0.4) cm. CONCLUSION Our pipeline extracted histopathologic features of colorectal polyps from colonoscopy pathology reports, most notably individual polyp sizes, with considerable accuracy. This study demonstrates the utility of NLP for extracting polyp features and linking these data with EHR data to create an epidemiologic data set to study colorectal polyp risk factors and outcomes.
Phthalates and Incident Diabetes in Midlife Women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN)
Authors: Peng Mia Q , Karvonen-Gutierrez Carrie A , Herman William H , Mukherjee Bhramar , Park Sung Kyun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Context
Phthalates are hypothesized to contribute to diabetes, but longitudinal evidence in humans is limited.

Objective
We examined whether phthalate exposure was associated with a higher incidence of diabetes in a racially/ethnically diverse cohort of midlife women.

Methods
In the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multipollutant Study, we followed 1308 women without diabetes in 1999-2000 for 6 years. Eleven phthalate metabolites were measured in spot urine samples in 1999-2000 and 2002-2003. Incident diabetes was ascertained between 1999-2000 and 2005-2006. Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying exposure were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of diabetes associated with each phthalate metabolite, adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors. Effect modification by race/ethnicity was examined with interaction terms.

Results
Sixty-one women developed diabetes over 6 years (cumulative incidence = 4.7%). Among all women, several high-molecular-weight phthalate metabolites were associated with a higher incidence of diabetes, but none were statistically significant. There was effect modification by race/ethnicity. Among White women, each doubling of the concentrations of mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monobenzyl phthalate, mono-carboxyoctyl phthalate, mono-carboxyisononyl phthalate (MCNP), and mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate was associated with a 30% to 63% higher incidence of diabetes (HR = 1.30, 95% CI, 1.03-1.65 for MCNP; HR = 1.63, 95% CI, 1.18-2.25 for MiBP). In contrast, phthalates were not associated with diabetes incidence in Black or Asian women.

Conclusions
Some phthalate metabolites were associated with a higher incidence of diabetes over 6 years, but the associations were inconsistent across racial/ethnic groups. Whether phthalates cause diabetes requires further investigation.
2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol Induces Adipogenesis in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Activating Retinoid X Receptors
Authors: Ren Xiao-Min , Chang Richard C , Huang Yikai , Amorim Amato Angélica , Carivenc Coralie , Grimaldi Marina , Kuo Yun , Balaguer Patrick , Bourguet William , Blumberg Bruce 
Published: February 2023

Abstract2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) is an important commercial antioxidant and a toxic natural secondary metabolite that has been detected in humans. However, there is scant information regarding its toxicological effects. We asked whether 2,4-DTBP is a potential obesogen. Using a human mesenchymal stem cell adipogenesis assay, we found that exposure to 2,4-DTBP led to increased lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic marker genes. Antagonist assays revealed that 2,4-DTBP increased lipid accumulation by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ-retinoid X receptor (RXR) heterodimer. 2,4-DTBP likely activated the PPARγ/RXRα heterodimer by activating RXRα but not directly binding to PPARγ. We confirmed that 2,4-DTBP directly bound to RXRα by solving the crystal structure of this complex, then predicted and demonstrated that related compounds could also activate RXRα. Our study demonstrated that 2,4-DTBP and related chemicals could act as obesogens and endocrine disruptors via RXRs. These data showed that 2,4-DTBP belongs to a family of compounds whose endocrine-disrupting and obesogenic effects can be strongly modulated by their chemical composition. Structure–activity studies such as the present one could help guide the rational development of safer antioxidants that do not interact with important nuclear receptors having broad effects on human development and physiology.
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Program and Opioid Consumption in Pulmonary Resection Surgery: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Son Jongbae , Jeong Heejoon , Yun Jeonghee , Jeon Yeong Jeong , Lee Junghee , Shin Sumin , Kim Hong Kwan , Choi Yong Soo , Kim Jhingook , Zo Jae Ill , Shim Young Mog , Cho Jong Ho , Ahn Hyun Joo 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Pulmonary resection surgery causes severe postoperative pain and usually requires opioid-based analgesia, particularly in the early postoperative period. However, the administration of large amounts of opioids is associated with various adverse events. We hypothesized that patients who underwent pulmonary resection under an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program consumed fewer opioids than patients who received conventional treatment.

METHODS:
A total of 2147 patients underwent pulmonary resection surgery between August 2019 and December 2020. Two surgeons (25%) at our institution implemented the ERAS program for their patients. After screening, the patients were divided into the ERAS and conventional groups based on the treatment they received. The 2 groups were then compared after the stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting. The primary end point was the total amount of opioid consumption from surgery to discharge. The secondary end points included daily average and highest pain intensity scores during exertion, opioid-related adverse events, and clinical outcomes, such as length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, hospital stay, and postoperative complication grade defined by the Clavien-Dindo classification. Additionally, the number of patients discharged without opioids prescription was assessed.

RESULTS:
Finally, 2120 patients were included in the analysis. The total amount of opioid consumption (median [interquartile range]) after surgery until discharge was lower in the ERAS group (n = 260) than that in the conventional group (n = 1860; morphine milligram equivalents, 44 [16–122] mg vs 208 [146–294] mg; median difference, −143 mg; 95% CI, −154 to −132; P < .001). The number of patients discharged without opioids prescription was higher in the ERAS group (156/260 [60%] vs 329/1860 [18%]; odds ratio, 7.0; 95% CI, 5.3–9.3; P < .001). On operation day, both average pain intensity score during exertion (3.0 ± 1.7 vs 3.5 ± 1.8; mean difference, −0.5; 95% CI, −0.8 to −0.3; P < .001) and the highest pain intensity score during exertion (5.5 ± 2.1 vs 6.4 ± 1.7; mean difference, −0.8; 95% CI, −1.0 to −0.5; P < .001) were lower in the ERAS group than in the conventional group. There were no significant differences in the length of ICU stay, hospital stay, or Clavien-Dindo classification grade.

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients who underwent pulmonary resection under the ERAS program consumed fewer opioids than those who received conventional management while maintaining no significant differences in clinical outcomes.
From Immigrants to Refugees: Relocating Strangers in Two Plays about North Korean Defectors
Authors: Ju Hyunshik 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Two stage plays written after 2010 about North Korean defectors in South Korea are dealt with in this article, Mokran Eonni (Sister Mokran) and Toillit Pipeul (Toilet People). This article employs an analytical framework that weaves the terms of the immigrant and of the refugee and the sociology of the stranger together. The scenes from Mokran Eonni and Toillit Pipeul analyzed in this article acutely illustrate the pain and suffering experienced by North Korean defectors, especially socially powerless groups such as women and adolescents. Their position as refugees is constructed through exploitative capitalism and the division hysteria in South Korea. This representation leads audiences to examine how the latter two phenomena expose South Korean people as potential refugees. In other words, both plays do not just tell particular stories about North Korean defectors, they also offer a universal reflection regarding the structural ills in South Korean society. Moreover, this reflection is not limited to South Korean society. It can be repositioned as the speculation that all venues of transnational and global capitalist phenomena in which otherness is excluded and repressed have a migratory uprooted identity.
Risks for Oculomotor Nerve Palsy and Time to Recovery After Surgical Clipping of Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: da Costa Marcos Devanir Silva , Lima Joao Vitor Fernades , Zanini Marco Antonio , Hatamoto Filho Pedro Tadao , Naufal Rodrigo Ferrari Fernandes , Reys Lorena , Goes Pedro , Miguez Camila Ahmed , Bastos Francisco Azeredo , Lopes Dionisio de Figueiredo , Dellaretti Marcos , Buzartti Israel , Machado Filho Mario Alberto S. , Sako Everson Akio , Wainberg Ricardo Chmelnitsky , Ferreira Danilo Santos , Moura Ana Laura de Araujo , Chaddad-Neto Feres 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Aneurysms of the posterior communicating segment of carotid artery (PcomA) have a high risk of rupture; when these nonruptured aneurysms are associated with oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP), the risk of rupture increases compared with asymptomatic nonruptured PcomA.

OBJECTIVE:
To retrospectively analyze the risk factors involved in ONP secondary to PcomA aneurysm and to study the factors involved in the recovery time of ONP once it is established.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective study of patients from 10 neurosurgery centers from October 2008 to December 2020. We analyzed age at diagnosis, presence of compressive neuropathy of the oculomotor nerve, presence of aneurysm rupture, largest aneurysm diameter, aneurysm projection, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, time between diagnosis and surgical treatment, as well as the outcome.

RESULTS:
Approximately 1 in 5 patients (119/511 23.3%) with a PcomA presented with ONP. We found that patients with aneurysms measuring greater than or equal to 7.5 mm were 1.6 times more likely to have ONP than those with aneurysms smaller than 7.5 mm. In our study, the prevalence of smoking in the PcomA + ONP group was 57.76%, and we also found that smokers were 2.51 times more likely to develop ONP. A total of 80.7% showed some degree of improvement, and 45.4% showed complete improvement with a median recovery time of 90 days.

CONCLUSION:
This study showed that 80.7% of patients with PcomA aneurysms undergoing surgical treatment with aneurysm clipping showed some degree of improvement of the ONP, with a median time to recovery between 90 and 120 days.
RNA localization to the mitotic spindle is essential for early development and is regulated by kinesin-1 and dynein
Authors: Remsburg Carolyn M. , Konrad Kalin D. , Song Jia L. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Mitosis is a fundamental and highly regulated process that acts to faithfully segregate chromosomes into two identical daughter cells. Localization of gene transcripts involved in mitosis to the mitotic spindle might be an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to ensure that mitosis occurs in a timely manner. We identified many RNA transcripts that encode proteins involved in mitosis localized at the mitotic spindles in dividing sea urchin embryos and mammalian cells. Disruption of microtubule polymerization, kinesin-1 or dynein results in lack of spindle localization of these transcripts in the sea urchin embryo. Furthermore, results indicate that the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE) within the 3′UTR of the Aurora B transcript, a recognition sequence for CPEB, is essential for RNA localization to the mitotic spindle in the sea urchin embryo. Blocking this sequence results in arrested development during early cleavage stages, suggesting that RNA localization to the mitotic spindle might be a regulatory mechanism of cell division that is important for early development.
Linking whole-body angular momentum and step placement during perturbed human walking
Authors: Leestma Jennifer K. , Golyski Pawel R. , Smith Courtney R. , Sawicki Gregory S. , Young Aaron J. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Human locomotion is remarkably robust to environmental disturbances. Previous studies have thoroughly investigated how perturbations influence body dynamics and what recovery strategies are used to regain balance. Fewer studies have attempted to establish formal links between balance and the recovery strategies that are executed to regain stability. We hypothesized that there would be a strong relationship between the magnitude of imbalance and recovery strategy during perturbed walking. To test this hypothesis, we applied transient ground surface translations that varied in magnitude, direction and onset time while 11 healthy participants walked on a treadmill. We measured stability using integrated whole-body angular momentum (iWBAM) and recovery strategy using step placement. We found the strongest relationships between iWBAM and step placement in the frontal plane for earlier perturbation onset times in the perturbed step (R2=0.52, 0.50) and later perturbation onset times in the recovery step (R2=0.18, 0.25), while correlations were very weak in the sagittal plane (all R2≤0.13). These findings suggest that iWBAM influences step placement, particularly in the frontal plane, and that this influence is sensitive to perturbation onset time. Lastly, this investigation is accompanied by an open-source dataset to facilitate research on balance and recovery strategies in response to multifactorial ground surface perturbations, including 96 perturbation conditions spanning all combinations of three magnitudes, eight directions and four gait cycle onset times.
An exploratory study of COVID‐19‐related changes in abortion service availability and use in Washington, DC, Maryland, and Virginia
Authors: Bell Suzanne O. , Berger Blair O. , Sufrin Carolyn , Dozier Jessica L. , Burke Anne E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis exploratory study aimed to assess COVID‐19‐related changes in abortion service availability and use in Washington, DC, Maryland, and Virginia.DesignData came from a convenience sample of eight abortion clinics in this region. We implemented a cross‐sectional survey and collected retrospective aggregate monthly abortion data overall and by facility type, abortion type, and patient characteristics for March 2019–August 2020. We evaluated changes in the distribution of the total number of patients for March–August in 2019 compared to March–August 2020. We also conducted segmented regression analyses and produced scatter plots of monthly abortion patients overall and by facility type, abortion type, and patient characteristics, with separate fitted regression lines from the segmented regression models for the pre‐ and during‐COVID‐19 periods.ResultsFive clinics reported a reduced number of appointments early in the pandemic while four reported increased call volume. There were declines in the monthly abortion trend at hospital‐based clinics at the outset of the pandemic. Monthly number of medication abortions increased from March 2020 through August 2020 compared to pre‐COVID‐19 trends while instrumentation abortions 11 up to 19 weeks decreased. The share of abortions to Black individuals increased during the early phase of the pandemic, as did the monthly trend in abortions among this group. We also saw changes in payment type, with declines in patients paying out‐of‐pocket.ConclusionsResults revealed differences in abortion services, numbers, and types during the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Washington, DC, Maryland, and Virginia.
Sexual and reproductive health services for autistic young people in the United States: A conceptual model of utilization
Authors: Holmes Laura Graham , Anderson Kristy , Sieber Greg S. , Shattuck Paul T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundSexual and reproductive health services promote the ability of people to have safe, satisfying, non‐coercive sexual experiences and make informed decisions about pregnancy. Stakeholder input is needed to understand barriers or facilitators to service access for autistic people, who report unmet needs.MethodsWe recruited 18 autistic people, 15 parents, and 15 service providers in the United States to participate in an interview and two surveys. Using their input, we created a conceptual model of sexual and reproductive health service needs, access barriers, and facilitators.ResultsStakeholders rated a variety of sexual and reproductive health services as important for autistic people, including those with intellectual disability or minimal verbal language. Stakeholders identified barriers to sexual and reproductive health service utilization including lack of service availability, lack of service providers with autism or neurodiversity training, lack of accurate information about autism and sexuality, verbal and communication differences that are not accommodated by service providers, and socio‐cultural attitudes about sexuality. Stakeholders identified facilitators to service access including person‐centered, trauma‐informed care, service accommodations such as clear and detailed expectations, and long‐enough appointments. We created a conceptual model based on the social ecological model of health to organize these utilization factors and support future research, provider, and policy action. Stakeholders provided feedback and responded favorably on the model's accuracy, utility for spurring research, practice, and policy improvements, and application to diverse groups of autistic people.ConclusionsThe model shows the many feasible ways to support equitable access to services for autistic people.
Dual-controlled tunable absorber using a hybrid Dirac semimetal–strontium titanate metamaterial
Authors: Hu BaoJing , Huang Ming , Yang Li , Zhao Jinyan 
Published: February 2023

A dual-controlled tunable polarization-independent perfect absorber based on bulk Dirac semimetal (BDS) and strontium titanate (STO) is proposed and analyzed. The results show that the absorptivity can reach 99% at 1.26 THz due to the critical coupling effect. Meanwhile, the absorptivity and resonant frequency of the proposed absorber can be dual-tuned dynamically by varying the temperature of the STO and the Fermi energy of the BDS. Furthermore, the coupled mode theory (CMT) and the equivalent circuit model (ECM) are used to theoretically analyze the performance of the absorber. Finally, modulation of the absorptivity spectra by tailoring the structure dimensions is also discussed. This work provides potential applications in the design of dual-tunable filters and absorbers.