bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing Adolescent HIV Prevention and Care Through Implementation Science: An Agenda for Combating the Global AIDS Epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Goosby Eric , Wasserheit Judith N. , Glass Roger , Kilmarx Peter 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAIDS continues to be a major driver of adolescent mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. Despite evidence of efficacy in this population, many efforts to address adolescent HIV have had limited impact across the region because of difficulty with implementation. The field of implementation science holds promise for addressing these challenges. The Fogarty-led Adolescent HIV Prevention and Treatment Implementation Science Alliance (AHISA) creates a platform for bidirectional learning between researchers and the users of research evidence that promotes the use of implementation science to strengthen adolescent HIV prevention and care across Africa. The unique contributions of AHISA are reflected in this supplement’s articles which represent the collective learning of the Alliance; illustrate the value of implementation science in the context of adolescent HIV; and identify critical research gaps that should be addressed by implementation science in the future.
Why the COVID-19 Crisis Is an Ethical Issue for Business: Evidence from the Australian JobKeeper Initiative
Authors: Corral de Zubielqui Graciela , Harris Howard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 virus was unveiled to the world as a health crisis and later also as an economic crisis. For some organisations, it has become an ethical crisis. This is certainly the case for large organisations in Australia, where the way many enterprises handled a government wage subsidy called JobKeeper led to a public backlash, media pressure, and a variety of responses ranging from ‘We acted legally’ to the full return of the subsidy. Some organisations later reported profits, and the public response indicated concern about this behaviour, many considering it immoral despite it being legally compliant. It is, we contend, a question to which stakeholder theory can be applied, examining how organisations view and respond to the public. We use content analysis of mainstream media to provide information about public reactions and information from official sources to confirm corporate action. We show that there is a significant ethical component in the public response to the behaviour of organisations as they respond to the crisis. COVID has been an ethical, health, and financial crisis for these organisations. Public pressure, exerted in and through the media, made the general public a definite stakeholder.
Towards a knowledge-hub destination: analysis and recommendation for implementing TOD for Qatar national library metro station
Authors: Valdeolmillos Nur Alah Abdelzayed , Furlan Raffaello , Tadi Massimo , Sinclair Brian R. , Awwaad Reem 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDuring the past two decades, Qatar, a developing country, has invested heavily in infrastructure development to address several challenges caused by the rapid urbanization. Qatar has made a significant step toward its urban sustainability vision through the construction of the Doha Metro system. By adopting Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), Qatar is overcoming some urban challenges. TOD promotes compact, walkable, and mixed-use development around the transit nodes, which enhances the public realm through providing pedestrian-oriented and active spaces. Additionally, Qatar aims to transfer to a knowledge-based economy through developing an environment that will attract knowledge and creative human power. Qatar Foundation is taking the lead toward implementing a Knowledge-Based Urban Development (KBUD) through its flagship project: Education City (EC). This study aims therefore to evaluate the integration of TOD and KBUD strategies to leverage the potential of TOD in attracting knowledge and creative economy industries. The selected case study is Qatar National Library (QNL) metro station at the EC in Doha. The study examines the potential of QNL as a destination TOD to enhance the area's mission as a driver for a knowledge-based economy. The methodological approach is based on the analytical concepts obtained from the Integrated Modification Methodology as a sustainable urban design process. The study’s results revealed that void and function, followed by volume, are the weakest layers of the study area's Complex Adaptive System which require morphological modification to achieve sustainability and a knowledge-hub TOD. The study offers recommendations to assist planners and designers in making better decisions toward regenerating urban areas through a knowledge-hub TOD contributing to the spill out of knowledge and creativity into the public realm creating a human-centric vibrant public space adjacent to metro stations.
Multiplicity of Zn coordination sites at cubic spinel ferrites: magnetism and influence of the Zn d band
Authors: Tejera-Centeno César , Rico Rubén , Gallego Silvia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractZinc substituted nickel ferrite (ZnxNi1 − xFe2O4) is investigated under density functional theory (DFT) within the DFT + U approximation for x ≤ 0.50, with particular interest in understanding the effect of Zn on the net magnetization. Using as a reference ZnFe2O4, the localization of the Zn d band is proved to have a large impact on the preference for Zn to occupy either tetrahedral (ZnA) or octahedral (ZnB) coordination sites, which in ZnFe2O4 is equivalent to the relative stability of the direct and inverse spinel forms. This affects the lattice volume, with ZnA favoring larger lattice expansions. Additional important consequences emerge on the magnetism of the system, as ZnA and ZnB alter the balance of atoms at the magnetic sublattices in a different way: while ZnA enhances the global magnetization by reducing the minority spin contribution, the opposite occurs for ZnB. On the other hand, the dominant magnetic exchange interactions are not significantly altered by Zn independently of its distribution, while the magnetic anisotropy of soft NiFe2O4 is further weakened. Our simulations support the presence of a significant ratio of Zn atoms at octahedral positions at ZnxNi1 − xFe2O4, mainly as the Zn concentration increases, putting limits to the ability to increase the magnetization of NiFe2O4 by Zn substitution.
Fecal Immunoglobulin Levels as a Modifier of the Gut Microbiome in Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Authors: Nöltner Christina , Bulashevska Alla , Hübscher Katrin , Haberstroh Hanna , Grimbacher Bodo , Proietti Michele 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common clinically relevant entity of inborn errors of immunity. In these patients, an altered gut microbiome composition with reduced diversity has been described. We sought to investigate the fecal immunoglobulin levels and their impact on the gut microflora in patients with CVID.

Methods
We analyzed the gut microbiome of 28 CVID patients and 42 healthy donors (HDs), including 21 healthy household controls, by sequencing the V3 and V4 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene extracted from stool samples. The fecal levels of immunoglobulin A, M, and G of 27 CVID patients and 41 HDs were measured in the supernatant by ELISA and normalized for protein concentration.

Results
We measured decreased IgA and increased IgG in stool samples from CVID patients compared to HDs. Decreased levels of fecal IgA and IgM were associated with reduced microbial diversity and increased dysbiosis. We identified a large number of significantly differentially abundant taxa, especially in patients with decreased IgA levels, but also in patients with decreased IgM levels compared to their counterparts.

Conclusions
CVID patients have an altered gut microbiota composition, which is most prevalent in patients with decreased fecal IgA and IgM levels. In this study, we identify fecal immunoglobulins as a potential modifier of the gut microbiome in CVID patients.
Designing Improved Safer Gambling Messages for Race and Sports Betting: What can be Learned from Other Gambling Formats and the Broader Public Health Literature?
Authors: Newall Philip W. S. , Rockloff Matthew , Hing Nerilee , Thorne Hannah , Russell Alex M. T. , Browne Matthew , Armstrong Tess 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSafer gambling messages are one potential input to a public health approach toward reducing gambling-related harm, and yet there is no strong evidence supporting current messages such as “gamble responsibly” or “keep the fun in the game”. Furthermore, sports betting is increasing in popularity in multiple jurisdictions, such as Australia and the US, increasing the need to design effective messaging campaigns for race and sports betting. Compared to other gambling formats, such as electronic gambling machines, the level of potential skill involved in race and sports betting may raise unique issues regarding the design of effective messages. This review first highlights research from the related public health domains of alcohol and tobacco. Then, five potential areas for further messaging-based research in race and sports betting are discussed: teaching safer gambling practices, correcting gambling misperceptions, boosting conscious decision making, norm-based messages, and emotional messages. A broad approach to message design is encouraged, given the potential for individual differences in message receptivity, and for frequently-repeated messages to be ignored or cause negative psychological reactance.
Parenting, Adolescent Sensation Seeking, and Subsequent Substance Use: Moderation by Adolescent Temperament
Authors: Kapetanovic Sabina , Zietz Susannah , Lansford Jennifer E. , Bacchini Dario , Bornstein Marc H. , Chang Lei , Deater-Deckard Kirby , Di Giunta Laura , Dodge Kenneth A. , Gurdal Sevtap , Oburu Paul , Junla Daranee , Pastorelli Concetta , Skinner Ann T. , Sorbring Emma , Tapanya Sombat , Steinberg Laurence , Tirado Liliana Maria Uribe , Yotanyamaneewong Saengduean , Alampay Liane Peña , Al-Hassan Suha M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough previous research has identified links between parenting and adolescent substance use, little is known about the role of adolescent individual processes, such as sensation seeking, and temperamental tendencies for such links. To test tenets from biopsychosocial models of adolescent risk behavior and differential susceptibility theory, this study investigated longitudinal associations among positive and harsh parenting, adolescent sensation seeking, and substance use and tested whether the indirect associations were moderated by adolescent temperament, including activation control, frustration, sadness, and positive emotions. Longitudinal data reported by adolescents (n = 892; 49.66% girls) and their mothers from eight cultural groups when adolescents were ages 12, 13, and 14 were used. A moderated mediation model showed that parenting was related to adolescent substance use, both directly and indirectly, through sensation seeking. Indirect associations were moderated by adolescent temperament. This study advances understanding of the developmental paths between the contextual and individual factors critical for adolescent substance use across a wide range of cultural contexts.
Second-Order Properties for Planar Mondrian Tessellations
Authors: Betken Carina , Kaufmann Tom , Meier Kathrin , Thäle Christoph 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper planar STIT tessellations with weighted axis-parallel cutting directions are considered. They are known also as weighted planar Mondrian tessellations in the machine learning literature, where they are used in random forest learning and kernel methods. Various second-order properties of such random tessellations are derived, in particular, explicit formulas are obtained for suitably adapted versions of the pair- and cross-correlation functions of the length measure on the edge skeleton and the vertex point process. Also, explicit formulas and the asymptotic behaviour of variances are discussed in detail.
Phase angle and COVID-19: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Cornejo-Pareja Isabel , Vegas-Aguilar Isabel M. , Fernández-Jiménez Rocío , García-García Cristina , Bellido-Guerrero Diego , Tinahones Francisco , García-Almeida Jose Manuel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhase angle (PhA) has been identified as a poor prognostic factor in patients with COVID-19. This study aimed to achieve a systematic review, where we discussed the potential role of PhA value as a prognostic marker of adverse clinical outcomes such as mortality and complication in hospitalized with SARS-CoV2 infection and established the strength of recommendations for use. A systematic literature review with meta-analysis was done in the main electronic databases from 2020 to January 2023. The selected articles had to investigate adverse consequences of the COVID-19 population and raw bioimpedance parameters such as PhA and published in peer-reviewed journals. GRADE tools regarded the quality of the methodology. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Only eight studies, 483 studies, were eligible for the analysis. In general, differences in PhA were seen between the comparative study groups. Patients with a low PhA experienced poor outcomes. A low PhA was associated with a significantly increased mortality risk [RR: 2.44; 95% CI (1.20–4.99), p = 0.01; I2 = 79% (p = 0.0008)] and higher complications risk [OR: 3.47, 95% CI (1.16 – 10.37), p = 0.03; I2 = 82% (p = 0.004)] in COVID-19 patients. Our analysis showed four evidence-based recommendations on the prognostic value of PhA with two strong recommendations, one of moderate and another of low-moderate quality, for predicting mortality and complications, respectively. We recommend using PhA as a prognostic marker for mortality and complications in this population. Although the results are promising, future studies must identify the PhA cut-off to guide therapeutic decisions more precisely.Registration code in PROSPERO: CRD42023391044
Compressibility Effect on Darcy Porous Convection
Authors: Arnone Giuseppe , Capone Florinda , De Luca Roberta , Massa Giuliana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Perfectly incompressible materials do not exist in nature but are a useful approximation of several media which can be deformed in non-isothermal processes but undergo very small volume variations. In this paper, the linear analysis of the Darcy-Bénard problem is performed in the class of extended-quasi-thermal-incompressible fluids, introducing a factor $$\beta$$
β
which describes the compressibility of the fluid and plays an essential role in the instability results. In particular, in the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation, a more realistic constitutive equation for the fluid density is employed in order to obtain more thermodynamically consistent instability results. The critical Rayleigh-Darcy number for the onset of convection is determined, via linear instability analysis of the conduction solution, as a function of a dimensionless parameter $$\widehat{\beta }$$

β
^

proportional to the compressibility factor $$\beta$$
β
, proving that $$\widehat{\beta }$$

β
^

enhances the onset of convective motions.

Article Highlights

The onset of convection in fluid-saturated porous media is analyzed, taking into account fluid compressibility effect.

The critical Rayleigh-Darcy number is determined in a closed algebraic form via linear instability analysis.

The critical Rayleigh-Darcy number is shown to be a decreasing function of the dimensionless compressibility factor.
Sleep parameter characteristics of patients with OSA who have retropalatal circumferential narrowing and the clinical significance of lateral pharyngeal wall collapse during sleep
Authors: A Han Sun , Cha Hyunkyung , Yang Seung Koo , Kim Seo Young , Han Doo Hee , Kim Dong-Young , Rhee Chae-Seo , Kim Hyun Jik 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The lateral pharyngeal wall (LPW) is a critical anatomic structure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Resolving the retropalatal circumferential (RC) narrowing caused by combination of both LPW collapse and antero-posterior (AP) narrowing holds promise for surgical treatment of OSA. We sought to determine the clinical characteristics and distinctive alterations in sleep parameters of patients with OSA who have RC narrowing and LPW collapse.

Methods
Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE), polysomnography findings, and sleep questionnaires were reviewed retrospectively in patients with OSA.

Results
Of the 106 OSA patients examined, 48% showed RC narrowing and 44% showed AP narrowing at the oropharynx level during sleep while 8% of the patients showed only LPW collapse. Patients with RC narrowing with LPW collapse exhibited a higher BMI than those with AP narrowing only. In addition, patients with RC narrowing showed more aggravated sleep parameters including apneic events than patients with AP narrowing alone. The degree of RC narrowing correlated significantly with the severity of OSA as shown by a higher apnea index and lower oxygen desaturations.

Conclusions
Our clinical findings suggest that the presence of RC narrowing with LPW collapse in OSA is closely related to increased apneic and oxygen desaturation events. RC narrowing with LPW collapse may be targets for surgical correction in patients with OSA to improve therapeutic outcomes.
Patients’ Values and Desire for Autonomy: An Empirical Study from Poland
Authors: Olchowska-Kotala Agnieszka , Strządała Agata , Barański Jarosław 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere is a growing body of literature concerning factors that can influence patients’ perception, preferences, or expectations with regard to autonomy in making healthcare decisions. Although many factors responsible for the desire for autonomy in medical decision-making are already recognized, little is known about how the desire for autonomy is related to values, which refer to important goals of human actions. The present study was designed to determine the relationship between the desire for autonomy and basic personal values drawn on Schwartz’s value theory. We conducted survey in two age groups: younger and older adults. In the group of younger adults, the desire for autonomy was associated with the need to be appreciated as a person, motivation to act independently, and the abandonment of traditional order and values, whereas in the group of older adults, with independent thinking and a lack of humility. Our study highlighted that the desire for autonomy may result from slightly different reasons in people of particular age groups. These findings might be helpful for medical professionals in developing accurate communication patterns with different age groups of patients.
Development of a Bariatric Surgery Core Data Set for an International Registry
Authors: Coulman Karen D. , Chalmers Katy , Blazeby Jane , Dixon John , Kow Lilian , Liem Ronald , Pournaras Dimitri J. , Ottosson Johan , Welbourn Richard , Brown Wendy , Avery Kerry 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Bariatric and metabolic surgery is an effective treatment for severe and complex obesity; however, robust long-term data comparing operations is lacking. Clinical registries complement clinical trials in contributing to this evidence base. Agreement on standard data for bariatric registries is needed to facilitate comparisons. This study developed a Core Registry Set (CRS) — core data to include in bariatric surgery registries globally.

Materials and Methods
Relevant items were identified from a bariatric surgery research core outcome set, a registry data dictionary project, systematic literature searches, and a patient advisory group. This comprehensive list informed a questionnaire for a two-round Delphi survey with international health professionals. Participants rated each item’s importance and received anonymized feedback in round 2. Using pre-defined criteria, items were then categorized for voting at a consensus meeting to agree the CRS.

Results
Items identified from all sources were grouped into 97 questionnaire items. Professionals (n = 272) from 56 countries participated in the round 1 survey of which 45% responded to round 2. Twenty-four professionals from 13 countries participated in the consensus meeting. Twelve items were voted into the CRS including demographic and bariatric procedure information, effectiveness, and safety outcomes.

Conclusion
This CRS is the first step towards unifying bariatric surgery registries internationally. We recommend the CRS is included as a minimum dataset in all bariatric registries worldwide. Adoption of the CRS will enable meaningful international comparisons of bariatric operations. Future work will agree definitions and measures for the CRS including incorporating quality-of-life measures defined in a parallel project.

Graphical Abstract
Risk Analysis of the Biogas Project
Authors: Nurgaliev Timur , Koshelev Valery , Müller Joachim 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The dynamic model of the biogas project was created with changing parameter values over time and compared to the static model of the same project based on constant values of the same parameters. For the dynamic model, the same methods were used to evaluate the biogas project as for the static model to calculate substrate mix volumes, costs, farm production volumes, number of biogas plant equipment, driers, and other numerical characteristics of the farm. Project risks were evaluated by the sensitivity analysis and Monte Carlo simulation. The study was conducted for four scenarios regarding the substrate mix structure and the possibility of selling electricity on the market. In the scenarios, the scale of the project was determined by the size and structure of agricultural and biogas production. The results have shown that when only wastes are used as substrates, net present values (NPVs) of the project are equal to 29.45 and 56.50 M RUB in dependence on the possibility to sell electricity on the market. At the same time, when the substrate mix is diversified, the project NPVs are equal to 89.17 and 186.68 M RUB depending on the ability to sell all the produced electricity to the common power grid. The results of the sensitivity analysis defined that the values of elasticity coefficients are less than 3.14%. Results of the Monte Carlo simulation have shown a probability distribution of positive NPVs for each scenario. This study was conducted to make recommendations for business and municipalities.