bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of detachment in the MAST-U Super-X divertor using multi-wavelength imaging of 2D atomic and molecular emission processes
Authors: Wijkamp T.A. , Allcock J.S. , Feng X. , Kool B. , Lipschultz B. , Verhaegh K. , Duval B.P. , Harrison J.R. , Kogan L. , Lonigro N. , Perek A. , Ryan P. , Sharples R.M. , Classen I.G.J. , Jaspers R.J.E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this work, we provide the first 2D spatially resolved description of radiative detachment in MAST-U Super-X L-mode divertor plasmas. The Super-X magnetic configuration was designed to achieve reduced heat- and particle loads at the divertor target compared to conventional exhaust solutions. We use filtered camera imaging to reconstruct 2D emissivity profiles in the poloidal plane for multiple atomic and molecular emission lines and bands. A set of deuterium fuelling scans is discussed that, together, span attached to deeply detached divertor states observed in MAST-U. Emissivity profiles facilitate separate analysis of locked-mode induced split branches of the scrape-off layer. Molecular deuterium Fulcher band emission front tracking reveals that the deuterium electron-impact ionisation front, for which it serves a proxy, detaches at different upstream electron densities in the split branches. Upon detachment of this ionisation front, Balmer emission attributed to molecular activated recombination appears near-target. We report a simultaneous radial broadening of the emission leg, consistent with previous SOLPS-ITER modelling. With increased fuelling this emission region detaches, implying electron temperatures below

∼

1

eV. In this phase, 2D Balmer line ratio reconstruction indicates an onset of volumetric direct electron-ion recombination near-target. At the highest fuelling rates this emission region moves off-target, suggesting a drop in near-wall electron density accompanying the low temperatures.
The dependence of tokamak L-mode confinement on magnetic field and plasma size, from a magnetic field scan experiment at ASDEX Upgrade to full-radius integrated modelling and fusion reactor predictions
Authors: Angioni C. , Bonanomi N. , Fable E. , Schneider P.A. , Tardini G. , Luda T. , Staebler G.M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The dependence of the confinement of a tokamak plasma in L-mode on the magnetic field is explored with a set of dedicated experiments in ASDEX Upgrade and with a theory-based full-radius modelling approach, based on the ASTRA transport code and the TGLF-SAT2 transport model and only using engineering parameters in input, like those adopted in scaling laws for the confinement time. The experimental results confirm the weak dependence of the global confinement on the magnetic field, consistent with the scaling laws for L-mode plasmas and in agreement with the full-radius TGLF-SAT2 predictions. The modelling approach is then extended to numerically investigate the confinement dependence on magnetic field, plasma current and plasma size. The weak dependence of the L-mode confinement on the magnetic field at constant plasma current and plasma size is shown to be produced by a balance between the decrease of confinement mainly produced by the reduction of the E×B shearing rate and the increase of confinement provided by the reduced gyro-Bohm factor, when the magnetic field is increased. The ASTRA/TGLF-SAT2 predicted increase of confinement with increasing plasma size is investigated in comparison with the predictions of the global confinement scaling laws for L-mode plasmas and the Bohm and gyro-Bohm dependencies of confinement, highlighting interesting similarities and important differences. Full-radius TGLF-SAT2 simulations with increasing plasma size are then extended to dimensions which are compatible with reactor relevant fusion power production, using ITER and the European DEMO as references. ASTRA/TGLF-SAT2 predictions of fusion power and confinement of an L-mode fusion reactor are presented at both 5.7 T and 10 T of magnetic field on the magnetic axis.
The analysis on the flow characteristics of supersonic inlet considering structural vibration
Authors: Chen Bing , Chen Hongyang , Mo Tao , Liu Shenshen , Jia Hongyin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Inlet is the key part which can influence the performance of airframe-propulsion integration for the air-breathing vehicle. In supersonic or hypersonic condition, the local vibration of the structure will change the integrated performance greatly. The work is to study the influence of the structural vibration of the compression surface on the inlet’s performance, and the vibration factors such as amplitude, wavelength and frequency are evaluated. The influence of the vibration factors on the inlet’s performance is studied. The research shows that the structure of the flow field for the inlet is changed. The influence is more obvious when the vibration occurs to be more closed to the lip. Besides, the wavelength has more influence than the amplitude, and the influence of the frequency is smallest.
The effects of geometry parameters on the aerodynamic performance of CFJ airfoil used by a STOL transport
Authors: Chen Cheng , Xie Zhengyao , He Chengjun , Chen Xian , Huang Jiangtao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the purpose of investigating the effects of geometry parameters of CFJ (Coflow jet) device on the aerodynamic characteristics of the supercritical bacj airfoil used by a STOL transport, we have carried out a computational analysis of CFJ airfoil with different values of injection slot size and location under the low-speed condition. The results show that the lift coefficient decreases gradually with decreasing stall angle, when the injection slot size is increased. When α=8°, with increasing injection slot size, the velocity of blowing jet decreases with decreasing power consumption and increasing aerodynamic effectiveness. Further, with the injection slot shifted towards the downstream direction, the α value corresponding to the maximum effective lift-drag-ratio increases with increasing maximum lift coefficient.
Numerical Simulation of External Flow-Field of a Car Body Based on CFD
Authors: Zhao Dan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of computer technology in recent years, this paper explores the feasibility of applying computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to study the external flow-field of automobile body. The computer numerical solution provides the pressure and velocity distribution of the car body, such as aerodynamic pressure field and velocity field, in order to obtain the information of aerodynamic resistance, aerodynamic lift, aerodynamic lateral force and related torque, which can be further used to guide the design and development of automobile. The comparison between numerical simulation results and experiments shows that CFD plays a strong guiding role in the further development of automobile shape and structure.
Research on Fast CFD Simulation of Automobile Flow Field Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Cao Xiaofeng , Wang Qiang , Li Hongyan , Ma Hai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Fast automotive aerodynamic evaluation can extremely reduce the design cycles of automotive. This paper establishes a rapid simulation model of the automobile flow field based on the artificial intelligence surrogate model. The end-to-end network is used to map the geometric model, incoming flow conditions, and result. The decoder is used to splice high-dimensional and low-dimensional features to achieve feature sharing. The average MAE error of the optimal model is 5.249%. The average calculation time of a single example is 1.2968s, which is about 0.62% of CFD solver. The simulation result demonstrate that the deep learning method can not only accelerate the calculation, but also can improve the design efficiency of automobile aerodynamic profile with high accuracy.
Investigation on Shallow Trenched-Hole Film Cooling Effectiveness at Turbine Blade Pressure Side
Authors: Yin Jiangjiang , Huang Kenan , Huang Ying 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effects of shallow trenches on the adiabatic film cooling effectiveness (ηad) of single row film cooling on the pressure side of a turbine guide vane, under the cascade representative conditions. The mainstream inlet Reynolds number is set as 4×105. A single row of film cooling holes are located at 30% axial chord length at the pressure side. Three shallow trenches with different widths (w/d=2, 2.5 and 3) but have the same depth (0.75d) and a cylindrical film cooling hole are compared in the current study at M= 2.0. The results show that the shallow trenched-hole on the pressure side significantly suppresses lift-off of the secondary flow, and effectively improves the spanwise uniformity of film coverage. Therefore, compared with the conventional cylindrical hole (CH), the shallow trenched-hole shows a significant enhanced film cooling performance at M=2.0. By comparisons, it is confirmed that the shallow trenches with w/d=2 and 2.5 are more pronounced than the shallow trench with w/d=3. While the shallow trench with w/d=2.5 takes a little advantage over the w/d=2.
Studying the effect of geometry of micro-cavity on pool boiling by LBM
Authors: Huang Qiang , Zhou Jingzhi , Huai Xiulan , Zhou Feng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Pool boiling heat transfer from structured surface is simulated numerically with a 3D OTRT (optimal two relaxation time) Lattice Boltzmann method. This work shows in detail that multiple bubbles grow and coalesce over hydrophilic (θ = 50°) surfaces in 3D view, heat flux transfers from heater surface to fluid, and temperature of heater surface varies with time. Specifically, four types of geometry in microstructure surfaces are examined and compared. It is found that heat flux of S5 is the highest and its wall temperature is the lowest. When compared with S0, the heat flux of S5~S7 increased a lot due to the easier formation of vapor blanket, and cubic shaped cavity alleviates largely this deterioration. Next, the large quantity of heat from the three phase contact line in the vicinity of side wall accounts for bubble nucleation and energy from the evaporation of thin liquid between bubbles and superheated wall helps bubbles to grow further. Besides, it is found that S5 increases nucleate site density, reduces boiling incipience superheat, and enhances remarkably heat transfer performance.
Multi-objective Topology Optimization of the Temperature Field Considering the Material Nonlinearities
Authors: Li Guyang , Li Lin , Peng Zhigang , Hu Sanbao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a multi-objective topology optimization method for the temperature field considering the material nonlinearities. Although a large number of papers have studied the topology optimizations of the heat transfer problems, none of them considered the influence of the material nonlinearity properties. In this paper, the material nonlinearity is considered. Based on the nonlinear assumption, the mathematical model of the corresponding topology optimization is presented first. Then, the sensitivities of the objectives and the constraints respect to the design variables are derived. And the optimization routines are discussed. After establishing the theories and solving scheme, a software is developed by MATLAB for the topology design of the nonlinear heat transfer. Several nonlinear numerical examples are presented. And the corresponding optimal results generated under the linear assuming are also collected for comparisons. Furthermore, this paper also simply discusses the preventing approaches of instabilities and the implementation methods of some other unusual engineering constraints. These true engineering considerations are very helpful for the real industry design experiences.
Acoustic Field Prediction Method and Simulation Research Based on Acoustic Field Geometric Average Theory
Authors: He Xianwen , Li Zhizhong , Sun Junping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In order to meet the capability requirements of submarine radiated noise acoustic field prediction in free field and improve the detection and anti-detection capabilities, this paper proposes an acoustic field prediction method based on the geometric average theory of acoustic field. According to the measured self-noise information, a global search method is used. By calculating the average energy of the spherical, the extended compensation for different point distances is achieved, so as to predict the radiation noise at different distances. Through simulation experiments, it is found that the method proposed in this paper has a fast calculation speed, and the acoustic field prediction accuracy is high.
Soliton solution to the time-like curve shortening flow in the pseudo-sphere
Authors: Chang Jinwei , Wang Yuyan , Zeng Nan , Yu Yanhua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A time-like curve on the unit pseudo-sphere can be a solition solution to the time-like curve shortening flow We first introduce the sufficient conditions for it to hold. And by studying the properties of the structure function of non-geodesic curves, I deduce some conditions to be satisfied by the structure function of non-geodesic curves when forming the time-like space plane, and then analyze the influence of the extreme value point of the structure function, and finally discuss the classification according to the time-like space-like situation of the parameter vector.
The Progress of Investigation on Neutrino Properties
Authors: Sheng Taosha , Qu Shitao , Qian Chenghao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Generally, particle physics plays an important role in the whole modern physics system. Thereinto, neutrino, as an elementary particle found from beta decay, is of great importance to discover its properties and mechanics. With the help of information retrieve and literature review, this paper aims at helping recollecting sorts of knowledge, e.g., the developing history of the principle, different kinds of matrix expressions, field theories etc. Additionally, some possible future developing directions have been proposed. Moreover, plenty of analytical models and experimental approaches for generating massive neutrinos are demonstrated, e.g., Lagrangian and beta decay. More experiments need to be carried out for the sake of verifying the theoretical predictions. Overall, these results offer a guideline for completing the Standard Model and hopefully the Grand Unified Theory, such as Majorana mass term.
Research on Atmospheric Turbulence Distortion Measurement Based on Compressed Sensing Technology
Authors: Huang Kaichen , Deng Hengliang , Lin Yanlong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Hartmann wavefront sensor can measure the phase change of atmospheric turbulence in real time and realize the measurement of the distorted wavefront signal of atmospheric turbulence. However, existing Hartmann wavefront sensor microlens arrays are generally small, which limits their spatial resolution capabilities. By introducing compressed sensing technology into wavefront detection, this paper breaks through the limitations of the traditional Nyquist sampling theorem and achieves higher resolution spatial wavefront detection with a smaller microlens array.
Effect of collision of particles on migration behaviour in hydrocyclone
Authors: Gao Yang , Pei Xiaohan , Cao Gang , Yu Jiaqing , Zhao Xiaojie , Li Feng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The CFD-DEM coupling calculation method is used to study and analyse the influence of different particle sizes on the particle motion behaviour when they collide in the hydrocyclone. The results show that when the particles move in the hydrocyclone, they hardly collide with the inner wall of the hydrocyclone, and the collision position of the particles is mainly concentrated in the 140mm-80mm range of the hydrocyclone. When the particles collide, the particles are suddenly subjected to the contact reaction caused by the collision, and the trajectory will be adjusted from following the fluid streamline to circling at a certain longitudinal position, and the particle size increases with the increase of the particle size.
Water Hammer Protection Measures and Calculation Analysis of Reservoir Water Pipelines
Authors: Xu Sen , Zhu Xiaolong , Tan Yuwu , Chen Chuping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In fluid mechanics, the large pressure fluctuation caused by the rapid change of fluid flow in a closed pipeline is called water hammer. It has huge destructive power for pressurized water pipelines, which often lead to pipeline leakage or even burst. In this paper, through the analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the gas in the pressurized water pipeline, the necessity of setting the air valve is drawn. Then based on the Bentley HAMMER model, combined with the example of the reservoir water pipeline engineering, the water hammer analysis was carried out. Compared with the maximum pressure head before and after adding the air valve, it is reduced from 126.89 m to 62.11 m, a decrease of about 50%. At the same time, the negative pressure in the pipeline under transient conditions is also eliminated. The results show that the air valve used in the pressure water pipeline has a good effect on the prevention of water hammer.
Research on the Arrangement Process of Marine Submersible Buoy System based on Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Chen Xiaohan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper establishes the computational fluid dynamics models of marine submersible buoy system. The models use incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, Renormalization-Group (RNG) turbulence model and the fractional areas/volume obstacle representation method. Using the lumped mass mothed to simulate the anchor line and power supply cable. The result show that the great tension forces increase occurs at the moment when the mooring lines was straightened and after a marine submersible buoy system sinks to the sea floor.
High-Resolution Hemodynamic Analysis of a Wearable Oxygenator Using High-Performance Computing
Authors: Chen Wei , Chen Rongliang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study the hydrodynamics of a wearable oxygenator using computational fluid dynamics on a supercomputer. In this computation, the fiber bundle of the oxygenator is modeled by a porous medium model, and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with a K-ε turbulence model are used to model the flow in the channels. The blood flow velocity, pressure, and shear stress are carefully studied and the hemolysis index of the oxygenator NIH is calculated by using the fast three-dimensional numerical hemolysis approximation method, which is in the range 0.006 ~ 0.094 g/100L. The results show that the pressure loss of the wearable oxygenator mainly occurs in the fiber bundle area. The inlet, outlet, and channels have relatively high shear stress, which may damage the red blood cells. When the flow rate ranges from 2.0 L/min to 5.0 L/min, the estimated hemolysis meets the applicable range allowed by human physiology. In addition, the parallel performance is studied on a supercomputer, which shows that, for the simulation with over 9 million mesh cells, it scales up to 720 processors and the parallel efficiency is over 60%.
Design and Fluid Analysis of a Novel Power Supply Unit for Unmaned Marine Equipment
Authors: Wang Changlei , Lu Zhongyue , Luo Zirong , Wang Mangkuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The problem of insufficient power supply for unmanned marine equipment at sea limits its development and utilization. In this paper, we designed a power supply unit capable of absorbing wave energy and converting it into electricity, which helps to solve the problem of limited power supply ability. Its main structure is demonstrated by theoretical design and modeling, and its operating principle is presented. Its performance (power coefficient and torque coefficient) was numerically simulated via Computational Fluid Dynamics tools, and the effect of blade groups’ solidity on its operating performance was investigated. The study found that the blades of the blade groups can absorb more energy by arranging along the outer ring, and the energy conversion efficiency of the blade groups is related to their load.
Auxetic properties of a tangram-inspired metamaterial
Authors: Lim Teik-Cheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper explores a new anisotropic auxetic system that consists of rotating rhombi and right triangles by inspiration from tangram pieces. The Poisson’s ratio was developed by geometrical analysis on the representative unit with prescribed boundary requirements. Upon assigning rotational stiffness to the hinges, the Young’s modulus was established by matching the potential energy stored in the spiral springs with the strain energy of the deformation for the homogenized continuum. Results indicate that the on-axes Poisson’s ratio and dimensionless Young’s moduli are governed by the shapes and separation angles of the rigid units which, in turn, determine the dimension of the representative unit of the metamaterial. For the special case where the Poisson’s ratio is −1 when stretched on either axis, the Young’s moduli are equal. For this special case, the separation angles and the on-axes Young’s moduli increase monotonically with the shape descriptor of the rigid units. The capability of combining rotating rigid units of quadrilateral and triangular shapes suggests that new combinations of mechanical properties can be designed from rotation-based auxetic systems.
Feeding biomechanics reveals niche differentiation related to insular gigantism
Authors: Hennekam Jesse J , Herridge Victoria L , Cox Philip G 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Insular gigantism is an evolutionary phenomenon whereby small animals become bigger on islands compared to their mainland relatives. The abundance of insular giant taxa in the fossil record suggests the presence of a universal “giant niche” present on islands, with resource limitation as a potential driver for this process. However, insular habitats are ecologically diverse, suggesting that island taxa adopt different survival strategies, including adaptations for foraging behaviors. Here, we used finite element analysis to evaluate insular feeding niche adaptations in some of the most extreme examples of insular gigantism: Mediterranean giant dormice. We calculated stress, strain, and mechanical advantage during incisor and molar biting for 3 extinct insular giant species (Leithia melitensis, Hypnomys morpheus, and H. onicensis), an extant giant (Eliomys quercinus ophiusae), and their extant non-giant mainland relative, the generalist-feeder Eliomys quercinus. Our results show that dietary adaptations vary between giant taxa on different islands, and can occur relatively rapidly. Furthermore, the functional mandibular morphology in some insular taxa indicate adaptations moving away from a generalist feeding strategy toward greater trophic specialization. We show that the “insular giant niche” varies between islands and across time periods, arguing against a universal ecological driver for insular gigantism in small mammals.