bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clarifying the clinical landscape of pediatric spinal arteriovenous shunts: an institutional experience and individual patient-data meta-analysis
Authors: Reynolds Conner D , Caton M Travis , Baker Amanda , Smith Eric R , Amans Matthew R , Cooke Daniel L , Dowd Christopher F , Higashida Randall T , Gupta Nalin , Abla Adib A , Auguste Kurtis , Fox Christine H , Fullerton Heather , Hetts Steven W 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundPediatric spinal arteriovenous shunts (SAVS) are rare lesions with heterogeneous pathogenesis and clinical manifestations.ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical characteristics, angioarchitecture, and technical/clinical outcomes in SAVS through a large single-center cohort analysis and meta-analysis of individual patient data.MethodsA retrospective institutional database identified children (aged 0–21 years) who underwent digital subtraction spinal angiography (DSA) for SAVS between January 1996 and July 2021. Clinical data were recorded to evaluate angioarchitecture, generate modified Aminoff-Logue gait disturbance scores (AL) and McCormick grades (MC), and assess outcomes. We then performed a systematic literature review following PRISMA-IPD (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for individual patient data) guidelines, extracting similar data on individual patients for meta-analysis.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 28 children (M:F=11:17) with 32 SAVS lesions, with a mean age of 12.8±1.1 years at diagnosis. At presentation, SAVS were most highly concentrated in the cervical region (40.6%). Children had a median AL=2 and MC=2, with thoracolumbar AVS carrying the greatest disability. Among treated cases, complete obliteration was achieved in 48% of cases and median AL scores and MC grades both improved by one point. Systematic literature review identified 161 children (M:F=96:65) with 166 SAVS lesions with a mean age of 8.7±0.4 years. Among studies describing symptom chronicity, 37/51 (72.5%) of children presented acutely. At presentation, children had a median AL=4 and MC=3, with thoracolumbar AVS carrying the highest MC grades. After intervention, median AL and MC both improved by one point.ConclusionsThis study provides epidemiologic information on the location, onset, and presentation of the full spectrum of pediatric SAVS, highlighting the role of targeted treatment of high-risk features.
Effects of exergaming on the microcirculation of adolescents with overweight or obesity—a clinical trial efficacy
Authors: Ramos Thacira Dantas Almeida , Medeiros Carla Campos Muniz , Figueiroa José Natal , de Carvalho Danielle Franklin , Gusmão Tatianne Moura Estrela , Alves João Guilherme Bezerra 
Published: March 2023

To assess the effect of exergaming on the microcirculation function of adolescents with overweight or obesity, this non-randomized clinical trial efficacy was conducted with 61 adolescents aged between 10 and 16 years. The intervention group ( n = 31) performed exergaming three times per week for 8 weeks. Both groups received guidelines for a healthy diet and staying physically active. Microcirculation was assessed using a laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) at baseline and after intervention. Primary outcomes derived from LDF assessment included resting flow, maximum flow, maximum/resting flow ratio, area under hyperemia, and post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH). Secondary outcomes were body mass index and systemic blood pressure. Unpaired Student's t test compared intergroup analyses, and paired Student's t test compared intragroup analyses. The significance was set at 5%. Statistical analysis intergroup and intragroup was done by fitting a two-way mixed effects model. Microcirculation was similar between groups. Maximum flow (109.0 ± 38.3 versus 124.6 ± 43.0, P = 0.022), area under hyperemia (1614 ± 472 versus. 1755 ± 461, P = 0.023), and PORH (2.18 ± 0.49 versus 2.01 ± 0.52, P = 0.031) were statistically different after intervention. Body mass index decreased in intervention (24.5 ± 3.8–24.1 ± 4.0 kg/m2, P = 0.002) and control (25.2 ± 3.2–25.1 ± 3.3 kg/m2, P = 0.031) groups. Systolic blood pressure decreased significantly in the intervention group (110 ± 10–106 ± 9 mm Hg; P = 0.041) but not diastolic blood pressure (66.0 ± 7–68.8 ± 8 mm Hg; P = 0.089). Exergaming for 8 weeks led to improvements in the microcirculation function in adolescents with overweighed or obesity. Clinical trials: NTC03532659.
Four Subbands from Dual Mismatched Wideband Bandpass Filter for 5G/WAS/Wi-Fi/WiMAX/WLAN Applications
Authors: Massamba Omar Christian , Mbango Franck Moukanda , Lilonga-Boyenga Désiré 
Published: March 2023

Based on the simplicity of the design method, this paper presents a new approach for developing matched subbands when splitting two mismatched dual-wideband bandpass filters (BPFs) for the fifth generation (5G), wireless access systems (WAS), wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), wireless local area network (WLAN), radar, and other communication devices. The method’s novelty involves using identical quarter-wavelength resonators terminated by alternated short-and-open stub configurations. Both configurations alternate and describe a perfect symmetry by their location from each other to make the subbands possible in the low-frequency and its harmonic (high-frequency) bandwidths (BW). A stub admittance

Y

1

is defined and associated with the mainline section characteristic impedance

Z

0

and an operating frequency

f

0

. A quality factor

Q

a
p

is connected to

Y

1

and

f

0

to approach the BPF global quality factor

Q

g

initially fixed. The stub characteristic impedance and the mainline one differ, while electric lengths (stub and mainline section) are identical. Using the operating frequency determines physical dimensions, creates harmonic frequencies and the rejected BW, mismatches the main frequency BW, matches the subbands, and creates transmission zero (TZ). Hence, a 28.118-dB stopband that separates the two bandpasses at 9.373 GHz is made. At the same time, the unmatched dual ultrawideband (UWB) covers a large panel of communication systems. The lowest (3.146–5.431) and highest (11.891–14.749) GHz BW exhibit a minimum insertion loss (IL) of 0.656 dB and 3.027 dB. The subbands return losses (RL) are better than 28 dB and 19 dB, respectively, and a flat group delay of 0.205 ns is obtained in the upper band. All subbands adaptation methodology is read from 10 dB of the RL. In that case, the four matched subbands in its lower wideband are 3.327–3.709 GHz and 4.442–5.048 GHz, and in its higher wideband are 11.922–12.486 GHz and 14.281–14.653 GHz. The 2275/2858 MHz is the dual-wideband with a fractional BW 53.282/21.456%. The fabricated prototype has validated the EM-simulations, and Anritsu MS4642B 20 GHz vector network analyzer (VNA) has been used for experimental results by scanning the frequency range 3 GHz–15 GHz. The tested prototype is made with a 1 mm FR4 HTG-175 thickness by considering a dielectric constant of 4.4, and its overall size occupies

22.45
×
5.72

m

m

2

(

0.32

λ

0

×

0.082

λ

0

mm

2

).
3D-Informed Targeting of the Trop-2 Signal-Activation Site Drives Selective Cancer Vulnerability
Authors: Guerra Emanuela , Trerotola Marco , Relli Valeria , Lattanzio Rossano , Tripaldi Romina , Ceci Martina , Boujnah Khouloud , Pantalone Ludovica , Sacchetti Andrea , Havas Kristina M. , Simeone Pasquale , Travali Nicole , Querzoli Patrizia , Pedriali Massimo , Roversi Pietro , Iezzi Manuela , Tinari Nicola , Antolini Laura , Alberti Saverio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Next-generation Trop-2–targeted therapy against advanced cancers is hampered by expression of Trop-2 in normal tissues. We discovered that Trop-2 undergoes proteolytic activation by ADAM10 in cancer cells, leading to the exposure of a previously inaccessible protein groove flanked by two N-glycosylation sites. We designed a recognition strategy for this region, to drive selective cancer vulnerability in patients. Most undiscriminating anti–Trop-2 mAbs recognize a single immunodominant epitope. Hence, we removed it by deletion mutagenesis. Cancer-specific, glycosylation-prone mAbs were selected by ELISA, bio-layer interferometry, flow cytometry, confocal microscopy for differential binding to cleaved/activated, wild-type and glycosylation site–mutagenized Trop-2. The resulting 2G10 mAb family binds Trop-2–expressing cancer cells, but not Trop-2 on normal cells. We humanized 2G10 by state-of-the-art complementarity determining region grafting/re-modeling, yielding Hu2G10. This antibody binds cancer-specific, cleaved/activated Trop-2 with Kd &lt; 10−12 mol/L, and uncleaved/wtTrop-2 in normal cells with Kd 3.16×10−8 mol/L, thus promising an unprecedented therapeutic index in patients. In vivo, Hu2G10 ablates growth of Trop-2–expressing breast, colon, prostate cancers, but shows no evidence of systemic toxicity, paving the way for a paradigm shift in Trop-2–targeted therapy.
Understanding Bureaucratic Involution through Weber’s Bureaucracy: China’s Central Inspection Teams in Practice
Authors: Zhengyang (蒋正阳) Jiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Max Weber came to see his “rational bureaucracy” as also something of an “iron cage.” The reliance on regularized paperwork can result in a separation of the administrative procedure from actual substance, and the level-by-level transmission of documents can result in the resolution of problems on paper only. The complex specialized and standardized procedures of the formal, hierarchical bureaucracy are therefore often ineffective because they have lost touch with reality. In China, the problem of the “involution” of public power found by central inspection teams 中央巡视组 during the course of their inspections is in essence the “formalist” 形式主义 response of bureaucracy when supervised and reviewed. Weber believed that the iron cage of bureaucracy, or the irrationality of rationality, needs an outside “charismatic” authority to check and counterbalance it. The practice of the central inspection teams, however, shows how bureaucratic organizations only further intensify formalism to preserve themselves in the face of such outside authority. That is to say, if the charismatic authority does not break through the trap of bureaucratized patterns of thought and behavior, the iron cage will only be further strengthened and perpetuated.
“State Involution” Revisited: An Analysis of the Reformulation of Townships in Huangyan County, Zhejiang, 1946–1947
Authors: Cao (曹辉) Hui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The theory of “state involution,” first proposed by Prasenjit Duara, has been used to explain the expansion of power of the modern Chinese state. However, some scholars argue, on the basis of regional studies, that the concept of state involution was at most only applicable to North China and did not pertain to the practice of the Guomindang regime, which had built a complete administrative system down to the grassroots level. In 1946, Zhejiang province decided to reduce the number of townships to cut fiscal expenditures. With Huangyan county as a regional case, we investigate the implementation of the policy of reducing the number of townships and find that the theory of state involution is still applicable to explaining grassroots politics in Zhejiang under the Guomindang, showing that the theory has a wider range of applicability than some scholars believe. The development of state involution in this period is closely related to the governance capacity and patterns of the Guomindang regime at the grassroots level. It is thus inappropriate to see just the establishment and expansion of a grassroots administrative system as a sign that state involution had been overcome.
Changes, Reconfiguration, and Imagination of Rural Society in Early Left-Wing Fiction (1928–1932)
Authors: Wang (王再兴) Zaixing , Huangfu (皇甫倩倩) Qianqian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The “origin” narrative of left-wing rural literature, especially the “revolution” narrative, has by and large not received sufficient historical reflection and specific intertextual discussion. In the early left-wing rural novels composed from 1928 to 1932, what changes did the “revolution” bring about in rural society? How was the configuration of power reformulated? How did the revolutionaries image the ideal post-revolution society? The historical discussion of this complex process in the early left-wing rural novels is closely related to the historical facts of the rural areas, the subjective experiences of the peasants themselves, and the review of the writer’s narrative style. Revisiting this historical topic, we can see that the structural relationships contained in literary trends, such as the entanglement between literature and history, ideals and practices, truth and fiction, etc., last far longer than writers’ and readers’ imaginations. It may be the key to making the retelling of the rural “revolution” in the new century profound and far-reaching.
Impact of Arctic Sea Ice Interannual Variation on Nonmonsoonal Winter Precipitation over the Eurasian Continent
Authors: Qian Qifeng , Jia Xiaojing , Wu Renguang , Wang Min 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The present study analyzes the impact of interannual variation in autumn (September–November) Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) on early winter (November–January) precipitation over nonmonsoonal Eurasian (NME) regions based on both observations and numerical model experiments. An energy budget analysis shows that negative autumn SIC anomalies in the Beaufort–Chukchi–East Siberian Seas (BCES) induce heating in the overlying atmospheric column, which excites a Rossby wave that propagates from the BCES through the Atlantic Ocean to the mid- and high-latitude Eurasian continent. This Rossby wave obtains energy from the mean flow by both baroclinic and barotropic energy conversions. In comparison, the baroclinic energy conversion is more important than the barotropic energy conversion. The low-level anomalous cyclone and anticyclone of the Rossby wave dominate the eastern North Atlantic Ocean–southern Europe and western Russia, respectively. Anomalous westerly wind along the south flank of the anomalous cyclone transports moisture from the North Atlantic Ocean to the continent, resulting in a water vapor flux convergence and positive precipitation anomaly over southern Europe in early winter. Pronounced anomalous northerly winds in the eastern part of the western Russian anticyclone cause negative precipitation anomalies over vast regions of central Asia and the west Siberian plain in early winter. The Rossby wave ray tracing experiment and numerical sensitivity experiments support the above BCES SIC–NME precipitation connection.
Improving National Blend of Models Probabilistic Precipitation Forecasts Using Long Time Series of Reforecasts and Precipitation Reanalyses. Part I: Methods
Authors: Hamill Thomas M. , Stovern Diana R. , Smith Lesley L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article describes proposed revised methods for the statistical postprocessing of precipitation amount intended for the NOAA’s National Blend of Models using the Global Ensemble Forecast System version 12 data (GEFSv12). The procedure updates the previously established procedure of quantile mapping, weighting of sorted members, and dressing of the ensemble. The revised method leverages the long reforecast training dataset that has become available to improve quantile mapping of GEFSv12 data by eliminating the use of supplemental locations, that is, training data from other grid points. It establishes improved definitions of cumulative distributions through a spline-fitting approach. It provides updated algorithms for the weighting of sorted members based on closest-member histogram statistics, and it establishes an objective method for the dressing of the quantile-mapped, weighted ensemble. Verification statistics and case studies are provided in the accompanying article (Part II).
Consistency is Key: Additional Education and Outreach in a Rural Trauma System Reduces Excess Imaging Studies
Authors: Brummet Shaye D. , Tobin Christian S. , Bernis Keith J. , O’Neil Breanna M. , Sang Hilla I. , Reed Valerie , Bjordahl Paul M. 
Published: March 2023

Background Repeat imaging for trauma patients is common in rural health care systems after transfer to a tertiary trauma center which subjects patients to increased radiation, excess costs, and delays to definitive care. A previous retrospective review at our regional trauma center found that pre-transfer CT scans were frequently performed with little change in management. To improve this rate, additional emphasis was placed on (1) best imaging practices during Rural Trauma Team Development Courses (RTTDC), (2) management feedback during regional trauma case reviews, and (3) implementation of practice management guidelines for an inter-provider telehealth system. Methods Two hundred consecutive adult trauma patients transferred to a regional trauma center were retrospectively evaluated after trauma system improvements were implemented and compared to the previous cohort in the same system as identified by the regional trauma database. Results 140 (70%) had a pre-transfer CT scan compared to 152 (77.2%) in the prior study ( P = .0112). Additionally, 52 (37.1%) of those with pre-transfer CT scans had at least one repeat scan on arrival which decreased from (55.3%) in the prior study ( P < .0001). The most common reason for repeat CT scans was incomplete initial imaging. Those with a repeat scan were more likely to have a head injury (51.9% vs 35.8%, P = .0413). Discussion With regional trauma system maturation and implementation of internal telemedicine guidelines, there was a statistically significant decrease in both pre-transfer as well as repeat CT scans in a rural trauma system. Additional research exploring patient outcomes and cost savings is recommended.
Del nido versus conventional blood cardioplegia in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Huang Yingshan , Yan Shujie , Song Yi , Wang Xiaoqi , Yang Ke , Zhang Ling , Gui Wenting , Wang Jiao , Yang Yunling , Xie Yan , Wang Dongmei , Li Xinyue 
Published: March 2023

Background Myocardial protection is essential in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass The Del Nido cardioplegia which was initially used in pediatric cardiac surgery, has been increasingly used in adult cardiac surgery recently. However, no literature has reported the efficacy of DNC in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Methods This retrospective study involved elective patients who underwent extended surgical myectomy with or without concomitant cardiac surgical procedures between September 2017 and June 2022. Patients were distributed into two groups, the DNC and the CBC group. The primary outcome was high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-TnI) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) levels at the 0, 1, and 2 postoperative days. The secondary outcomes contained: intraoperative LVEF, return to spontaneous rhythm; postoperative myocardial infarction, worsening or deteriorating of EF, mechanical circulatory support; new-onset atrial fibrillation; mechanical ventilation duration; intensive care unit hours; in-hospital days. Results Fifty-nine patients were included and divided into the CBC ( n = 15) and the DNC group ( n = 44). There was no statistical difference in patients’ demographics and preoperative parameters between the two groups. No in-hospital mortality. The total cardioplegia volume [21.93(18.36,26.07) vs. 25.68(23.17,37.12), p = 0.012] and infusion times [1(1,1) vs. 2(2,3), p = 0.000] were less and the incidence of return to spontaneous rhythm after declamping was higher in the DNC group [97.7% vs. 73.3%, p = 0.013]. Postoperative hs-TnI and CK-MB levels were comparable between the two groups. A longer DNC infusion interval was associated with higher levels of CK-MB on postoperative day 1 and day 2 ( p = 0.009 and p = 0.011, respectively). Conclusions The use of DNC in extended surgical myectomy procedure was as safe and effective as CBC. However, DNC infusion interval over 60 minutes was associated with increased postoperative CK-MB levels.
Switching anti-CGRP(R) monoclonal antibodies in multi-assessed non-responder patients and implications for ineffectiveness criteria: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Iannone Luigi Francesco , Burgalassi Andrea , Vigani Giulia , Tabasso Giorgio , De Cesaris Francesco , Chiarugi Alberto , Geppetti Pierangelo 
Published: March 2023

Background A pharmacological class effect was initially proposed for monoclonal antibodies against the calcitonin gene related peptide pathway. However, preliminary evidence shows that switching patients who were non-responding to one monoclonal antibody to another could provide some benefit. Herein, we assess treatment response to an anti-calcitonin gene related peptide/receptor monoclonal antibody in patients who have failed to respond to anti-calcitonin gene related peptide/ligand monoclonal antibodies calcitonin gene related peptide/ligand monoclonal antibodies and vice versa. In addition, we select non-responders to the first anti- monoclonal antibody by three or five more stringent variables. Methods Retrospective cohort study including outpatients treated consecutively with two anti-calcitonin gene related peptide monoclonal antibodies. Ineffectiveness to the first monoclonal antibody was assessed using three (MIDAS score, monthly headache days, and analgesic monthly days) variables or five (monthly headache days, MIDAS score, analgesic monthly days, analgesic monthly number and HIT-6 score) variables in the same cohort of patients. The primary endpoints were the absolute change from baseline in monthly headache days, response rate, and persistence in medication overuse at three months of treatment with the second anti-CGRP mAb. Results In patients selected by three variables, a sustained reduction in monthly headache days, analgesic monthly days, MIDAS and HIT-6 scores was observed at month-3 of treatment with the second monoclonal antibody. Ten (45.4%) patients achieved at least a ≥30% response rate. No difference was reported switching anti-CGRP mAb against ligand or receptor. In the patient subgroup selected by five variables, only HIT-6 was reduced from baseline at month-3. However, a trend toward a reduction in monthly headache days, analgesic monthly days, and MIDAS score was observed at month-3. Conclusions Switching anti-calcitonin gene related peptide monoclonal antibodies in selected patients might be an option to achieve or improve clinical benefit. More studies are required to establish the effectiveness of switching these treatments.