bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptation and validation of the Abrams geriatric self‐neglect assessment scale among older Chinese people admitted to the hospital
Authors: Xu Qiongying , Xu Liuqing , Tao Jingrui , Chen Xuewei , Zhang Yao , Jiang Sisi , Dong Chaoqun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesElder self‐neglect is a global public health problem, and older people admitted to the hospital may have a higher risk of self‐neglect due to their deteriorating health conditions. This study aimed to translate, adapt and validate the Abrams geriatric self‐neglect assessment scale (AGSS) among older Chinese people admitted to the hospital.MethodsData were derived from a cross‐sectional survey of a convenience sample of 452 older people admitted to a general hospital. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to examine the structural validity of the AGSS. Content validity, criterion validity, internal consistency reliability, and test–retest reliability were also conducted to assess the psychometric properties of the scale.ResultsEFA yielded a 6‐item one‐factor model, which was supported by CFA and explained 44.74% of the total variance. The internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach α = 0.740), and the test–retest reliability with a 14‐day interval was good (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC = 0.966). Significantly positive correlations with the caregiver‐rated elder self‐neglect assessment scale (r = 0.648) supported the concurrent validity of the scale. Significant differences in scores between respondents with different ages, marital statuses, educational levels and numbers of chronic diseases demonstrated the discriminative validity.ConclusionThe Chinese version of the AGSS is an easy‐to‐use, reliable and valid measure with satisfactory psychometric properties. Future studies should recruit a more representative sample of older people in China to verify the applicability of the scale.Implications for PracticeThe Chinese version of the AGSS enables clinical staff to accurately screen for and assess elder self‐neglect upon hospital admission, which can inform the development of specific interventions and assignment of additional guardianship to those at risk of elder self‐neglect.
Machine learning models for orthokeratology lens fitting and axial length prediction
Authors: Xu Shuai , Yang Xiaoyan , Zhang Shuxian , Zheng Xuan , Zheng Fang , Liu Yin , Zhang Hanyu , Ye Qing , Li Lihua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeIn order to improve the efficiency of orthokeratology (OK) lens fitting and predict the axial length after 1 year of OK lens wear, machine learning models were proposed.MethodsClinical data from 1302 myopic subjects were collected retrospectively, and two machine learning models were implemented. Demographic and corneal topographic data were collected as input variables. The output variables were the parameters of the OK lens and the axial length after 1 year. Eighty percent of input variables was used as the training set and the remaining 20% was used as the validation set. The first alignment curve (AC1) of the OK lenses, deduced using machine learning models and formula calculation, were compared. Multiple regression models (support vector machine, Gaussian process, decision tree and random forest) were used to predict the axial length after 1 year. In addition, we classified data based on lens brand, and carried out more detailed parameter fitting and analysis for spherical and toric OK lenses.ResultsThe OK lens fitting model showed higher (R2 = 0.93) and lower errors (mean absolute error [MAE] = 0.19, mean square error [MSE] = 0.09) when predicting AC1, compared with the formula calculation (R2 = 0.66, MAE = 0.44, MSE = 0.25). The machine learning model still had high R2 values ranging from 0.91 to 0.96 when considering the brand and design of the OK lenses. Further, the R2 value for the axial length prediction model was 0.94, which indicated that the machine learning model had high accuracy and good robustness.ConclusionThe OK lens fitting model and the axial length prediction model played an important role in guiding OK lens fitting, with high accuracy and robustness in prediction performance.
Maternal fish oil and/or probiotics intervention: Allergic diseases in children up to two years old
Authors: Komulainen Miisa , Saros Lotta , Vahlberg Tero , Nermes Merja , Jartti Tuomas , Laitinen Kirsi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs n‐3 long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and probiotics possess immunomodulatory properties, theoretically they could lower the risk of allergic diseases. But their effects remain controversial. We aimed to study the effects of fish oil and probiotics separately or in combination from early pregnancy onwards to lower the risk of allergic diseases in the infants.MethodsIn this double‐blind trial, women (n = 439) in early pregnancies were randomized into four intervention groups: fish oil + placebo, probiotics + placebo, fish oil + probiotics, and placebo + placebo. Fish oil (1.9 g docosahexaenoic acid and 0.22 g eicosapentaenoic acid) and probiotic (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis 420, 1010 colony‐forming units each) supplements were provided for daily consumption from randomization up to 6 months postpartum. All analyses were adjusted with pet ownership.ResultsNo difference between the infants in the four intervention groups were found regarding physician‐diagnosed food allergy, atopic eczema, or atopy at the age of 12 or 24 months (all p > .05). The probiotic intervention was associated with lower odds of recurrent wheezing at 24 months (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.18–0.84, p = .017), but not at 12 months.ConclusionsThe use of fish oil and/or probiotics from early pregnancy onwards did not lower the odds of childhood allergic diseases or atopy, with the exception of the probiotic intervention which decreased the risk of recurrent wheezing when the infants were two years old. This suggests that the incidence of asthma could also decrease later in childhood and thus these outcomes need to be clarified in further investigations.
Improving the predictions of leaf photosynthesis during and after short‐term heat stress with current rice models
Authors: Sun Ting , Zhang Xiaohu , Lv Suyu , Lin Xuanhao , Ma Jifeng , Liu Jiaming , Fang Qizhao , Tang Liang , Liu Leilei , Cao Weixing , Liu Bing , Zhu Yan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn response to increasing global warming, extreme heat stress significantly alters photosynthetic production. While numerous studies have investigated the temperature effects on photosynthesis, factors like vapour pressure deficit (VPD), leaf nitrogen, and feedback of sink limitation during and after extreme heat stress remain underexplored. This study assessed photosynthesis calculations in seven rice growth models using observed maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax) during and after short‐term extreme heat stress in multi‐year environment‐controlled experiments. Biochemical models (FvCB‐type) outperformed light response curve‐based models (LRC‐type) when incorporating observed leaf nitrogen, photosynthetically active radiation, temperatures, and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) as inputs. Prediction uncertainty during heat stress treatment primarily resulted from variation in temperatures and Ci. Improving FVPD (the slope for the linear effect of VPD on Ci/Ca) to be temperature‐dependent, rather than constant as in original models, significantly improved Ci prediction accuracy under heat stress. Leaf nitrogen response functions led to model variation in leaf photosynthesis predictions after heat stress, which was mitigated by calibrated nitrogen response functions based on active photosynthetic nitrogen. Additionally, accounting for observed differences in carbohydrate accumulation between panicles and stems during grain filling improved the feedback of sink limitation, reducing Ci overestimation under heat stress treatments.
Melanoma literacy among the general population of three western US states
Authors: Leachman Sancy A. , Latour Emile , Detweiler‐Bedell Brian , Detweiler‐Bedell Jerusha B. , Zell Adrienne , Wenzel Elizabeth , Stoos Elizabeth , Nelson Jacob H. , Wiedrick Jack , Berry Elizabeth G. , Lange Jane , Etzioni Ruth , Lapidus Jodi A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMelanoma is a significant cause of cancer death, despite being detectable without specialized or invasive technologies. Understanding barriers to preventive behaviors such as skin self‐examination (SSE) could help to define interventions for increasing the frequency of early detection. To determine melanoma knowledge and beliefs across three high‐incidence US states, 15,000 surveys were sent to a population‐representative sample. We aimed to assess (1) melanoma literacy (i.e., knowledge about melanoma risks, attitudes, and preventive behaviors) and (2) self‐reported SSE and its association with melanoma literacy, self‐efficacy, and belief in the benefits of SSE. Of 2326 respondents, only 21.2% provided responses indicating high knowledge of melanoma, and 62.8% reported performing an SSE at any time in their lives. Only 38.3% and 7.3% reported being “fairly” or “very” confident about doing SSE, respectively. SSE performance among respondents was most strongly associated with higher melanoma knowledge, higher self‐efficacy, and personal history of melanoma. Melanoma literacy among survey respondents was modest, with greater literacy associated with a higher likelihood of reported preventive behavior. This assessment establishes a baseline and provides guidance for public health campaigns designed to increase prevention and early detection of this lethal cancer.
Management of a nursing unit in a COVID‐19 shelter hospital in China: A case study
Authors: Luo Chunmei , Wu Hongmei , Wang Juan , Xiang Yingying , Yang Caidie , You Zhiwei , Zhou Nian , Li Wei , Li Zhi , Tao Jun , Long Qin , Zhou Peihua , Chen Jian , Zhang Yu , Dou Heng , He Ying , Chu Lingling , Song Caiping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveFangcang shelter hospital is a form of large temporary hospital developed in China to tackle public health events. Through the case study and analysis of managing a nursing unit in a huge Fangcang shelter hospital transformed from the National Exhibition and Convention Center during the Omicron wave in Shanghai, China between April 9, 2022 and May 24, 2022, this paper aimed to highlight critical implications of public health nurses in health emergencies.DesignA case study was conducted using data collected from a nursing unit with 570 beds. The five characteristics of management were organized as follows: human resource management, establishment and optimization of the core workflow, safety management of high‐risk patients, the grid cooperation mechanism with patient volunteers, as well as humanistic nursing.ResultsAnalysis of the data of the nursing unit indicated close team cooperation, efficient and orderly process scheduling, good outcomes of patients, and the indispensable role of volunteers.ConclusionPractice indicated that nursing unit management in a large Fangcang shelter hospital is important to ensure medical order and efficiency. This practical experience can provide valuable reference and data to support for the nursing management of large‐scale public health events, such as infectious disease epidemics.
Integration and urban citizenship: A social‐psychological approach to refugee integration through active constructions of place attachment to the city
Authors: Zisakou Anastasia , Figgou Lia , Andreouli Eleni 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe current research explores refugee integration through the analysis of active constructions of everyday life in Greek cities. It draws from critical social and political psychology literature that explores spatial aspects of intergroup relations and developments in citizenship and migration studies. For the purposes of the study, 25 walking interviews with refugees from Afghanistan, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Ivory Coast, Pakistan, Palestine, Somalia, and Syria were conducted in the cities of Athens and Thessaloniki. Interviews were analyzed with tools and concepts of critical discursive social psychology. Analysis indicated three main repertoires related to corresponding space nuclei: “city squares and surrounding areas as minorities' spatial nuclei,” “political spaces as urban enclaves of belonging,” and “neighborhoods as un/familiar places.” Each of these broader compounds represented different people–place dynamics and presupposed different citizenship constructions and claims. These constructions entailed different ways of positioning oneself and others and constituted the ground for redefining integration based on local experiences and multilevel connections with urban networks. Drawing on these findings, the article proposes to reconsider integration through the concept of urban citizenship to explore everyday politics of intergroup relations in contexts of migration.
Morphomolecular identification and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum species associated with avocado anthracnose in northern Thailand
Authors: Armand Alireza , Jayawardena Ruvishika S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAvocado production is restricted globally by the anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species. In Thailand, anthracnose symptoms can be found on avocado leaves and fruits, and it is an important postharvest disease, reducing the shelf life of the fruits and causing huge economic losses. Avocado leaves and fruits showing anthracnose disease were collected from Chiang Rai province, located in northern Thailand, and the Colletotrichum species isolated from the samples were identified based on morphological examination and multigene phylogenetic analyses. Phylogenetic analyses using five loci (ITS, ACT, CHS‐1, GAPDH and TUB2) coupled with the morphology of 11 isolates showed that they belonged to four known species of Colletotrichum. Colletotrichum endophytica, C. fructicola and C. siamense are illustrated as new geographical records, and C. henanense is characterized as a new host record. Furthermore, the pathogenicity of these species in avocado fruits and leaves (West Indian variety) has been proven. In addition, this study provides further evidence for the synonymization of C. pandanicola and C. parvisporum with C. siamense.
Who is satisfied with their inclusion in polycentric sustainability governance? Networks, power, and procedural justice in Swiss wetlands
Authors: Angst Mario , Huber Martin Nicola 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSustainability governance in polycentric systems needs to ensure both effectiveness and procedural justice. Effectiveness and procedural justice are intricately linked to power dynamics in governance. To assess polycentric sustainability governance, understanding different types, sources, and effects of power is key. Here, we investigate network‐derived bonding and bridging social capital of actors as specific sources of power in polycentric sustainability governance. We ask two questions: How does bridging and bonding social capital translate into power? And: How is the power associated with satisfaction with inclusion? We relate levels of bonding and bridging social capital to power and satisfaction with inclusion in governance processes for 299 actors in 10 cases of Swiss wetlands governance. Using a Bayesian multi‐level regression model, we find that especially bonding social capital is a source of power for actors. Further, network‐derived power but also nonnetwork‐derived power by design translates into satisfaction with inclusion. Research and practice of sustainability governance need to be careful to account for power in nuanced ways, acknowledging its sources and relation to procedural justice.
Synovial inducible costimulator is correlated with severity in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Yang Lvlin , Ma Jun , Niu Pengying , Zhang Bowen , Wang Zhiyan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease characterized by articular cartilage loss, which afflicts many people worldwide. Knowing the disease severity can improve the recovery rate of OA. Antibody array technology was utilized for protein expression profiling of synovial fluid from eight mild knee OA patients, eight severe knee OA patients and 16 healthy persons. Subsequently, 48 mild OA patients, 56 severe OA patients and 24 healthy controls were utilized for validation by ELISA. In the protein expression profiling, inducible costimulator (ICOS) levels were markedly higher in OA patients compared with those in the healthy population, and were significantly higher in severe OA than those in mild OA. Furthermore, ICOS levels were shown to be significantly correlated with WOMAC, MRI‐MOAKS and MRI‐UTE‐T2* scores. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that higher levels of ICOS could significantly increase the risk of severe OA. Synovial ICOS levels were positively correlated with the radiographic severity of OA. ICOS may represent a biomarker for predicting the OA severity and may be involved in the development and progression of knee OA.
Synthesis of biochar‐embedded slow‐release nitrogen fertilizers: Mesocosm and field scale evaluation for nitrogen use efficiency, growth and rice yield
Authors: Mustaffa Mohamed Roshan Abu Firnassa , Pandian Kannan , Chitraputhirapillai Swaminathan , Kuppusamy Senthil , Dhanushkodi Krishnaveni 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIncreasing consideration is being paid to sustainable slow‐release fertilizers (SRFs). Biochar is a novel carbon material, and gaining momentum as a natural carrier for sustainable nutrient application and release and improved soil health. Accordingly, a recent biochar‐embedded slow‐release nitrogen (N) fertilizer has been prepared using acacia biochar, urea, ammonium chloride, starch and organic acid. This and other biochar‐embedded slow‐release N fertilizers (BSRNFs) were characterized using Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). BSRNFs were tested in the laboratory and field experiments for their N release pattern, nitrate (NO3‐N) leaching loss, N use efficiency (NUE) and growth and yield of rice crops. Among the BSRNFs tested, the one with 75% urea‐N (BSRNF‐U75) released 109 mg kg−1 of N in an incubation study and the least NO3‐N leaching losses of 8.8, 14.6 and 26.4 mg kg−1 at 10, 20 and 30 cm depth in a column study, respectively, compared with conventional urea. Application of biochar‐embedded slow‐release N fertilizer 100% urea‐N (BSRNF‐U100) augmented plant growth to increase grain yield (6610 kg ha−1), straw yield (9612 kg ha−1) and NUE (12%) in rice.
Changes in fatigue among cancer patients before, during, and after radiation therapy: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Chia‐Ling , Chen Pei‐Ying , Yang Tsui‐Yun , Chang Joseph Tung‐Chieh , Tang Woung‐Ru , Chen Mei‐Ling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundFatigue is a common symptom in cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. However, previous studies report inconsistent patterns of fatigue change.AimThe aim of this study was to estimate changes in fatigue among patients with cancer before, during, and after radiotherapy.MethodsFive databases (PubMed, SDOL, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Medline [ProQuest], and ProQuest Dissertations) were searched for studies published from January 2006 to May 2021. Three effect sizes of fatigue change (immediate, short‐term, and long‐term) were calculated for each primary study using standardized mean difference. A random‐effect model was used to combine effect sizes across studies. Subgroup analyses and meta‐regression were performed to identify potential categorical and continuous moderators, respectively.ResultsSixty‐five studies were included in this meta‐analysis. The weighted mean effect size for immediate, short‐term, and long‐term effects was 0.409 (p < .001; 95% CI [0.280, 0.537]), 0.303 (p < .001; 95% CI [0.189, 0.417]), and 0.201 (p = .05; 95% CI [−0.001, 0.404]), respectively. Studies with prostate cancer patients had a significantly higher short‐term (0.588) and long‐term weight mean effect size (0.531) than studies with breast (0.128, −0.072) or other cancers (0.287, 0.215). Higher radiotherapy dosage was significantly associated with a higher effect size for both immediate (β = .0002, p < .05) and short‐term (β = .0002, p < .05) effect.Linking Evidence to ActionFindings from this meta‐analysis indicated that radiotherapy‐induced fatigue (RIF) exist for more than 3 months after the completion of treatment. Assessment of radiation‐induced fatigue in cancer patients should extend long after treatment completion, especially for patients with prostate cancer and patients receiving a higher radiation dose. Interventions to reduce fatigue tailored for different treatment phases may be developed.
Feeding habits of Boana raniceps (Cope, 1862) in three mountains of Brazilian semiarid
Authors: Assunção Rodrigues Nayla Letícia , Castro Araújo Kássio , Ávila Robson Waldemar , de Andrade Etielle Barroso 
Published: August 2023

Studying the trophic ecology of animals helps us understand their life history, their relationship with the environment and other species, and their role in ecosystems. In this sense, we describe the feeding habits of the hyalid frog Boana raniceps in three high-altitude mountain ranges of Northeastern Brazil, investigating intersex differences in the diet and the relationship between the size with the volume of prey consumed. Furthermore, we investigated prey-predator interactions in the Boana genus with an ecological network approach. We analyzed the stomach contents of 62 B. raniceps specimens collected in three mountains in the state of Ceará (Northeastern Brazil) and consulted data available in the literature for information on the diet of other Boana species. We identied 82 prey items distributed in eleven categories. Overall, there were no differences in the composition of B. raniceps diet among the three mountains. Although males and females shared the majority of prey items consumed, they tended to consume prey volumetrically differently, and predator size did not influence prey volume. In addition, predator-prey interactions in the genus Boana revealed low modularity, complementary specialization, and nestedness. Therefore, species of the genus Boana follow the general pattern for the diet of most Brazilian frog species (generalist and opportunistic habits), being likely influenced by the availability of prey in the habitat. Overall, the present study constitutes a complete review of the prey items consumed by the genus Boana in Brazil, describing the general pattern of anuran-prey networks in these hylids.