bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GABA promotes interstitial fluid clearance in an AQP4‐dependent manner by activating the GABAAR
Authors: Wu Cheng , Zhang Qun , Feng Yi‐Wei , Zhang Ni , Liu Qi , Ou Zi‐Tong , Lin Tuo , Ding Qian , Li Ge , Pei Zhong , Lan Yue , Xu Guang‐Qing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe glymphatic system is a newly discovered perivascular network where cerebrospinal fluid mixes with interstitial fluid, facilitating clearance of protein solutes and metabolic waste from the parenchyma. The process is strictly dependent on water channel aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) expressed on the perivascular astrocytic end‐feet. Various factors, such as noradrenaline levels related to the arousal state, influence clearance efficiency, highlighting the possibility that other neurotransmitters additionally modulate this process. To date, the specific role of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the glymphatic system remains unknown. We used C57BL/6J mice to observe the regulatory effect of GABA on glymphatic pathway by administering a cerebrospinal fluid tracer containing GABA or its GABAA receptor (GABAAR) antagonist through cisterna magna injection. Then, we employed an AQP4 knockout mouse model to explore the regulatory effects of GABA on glymphatic drainage and further study whether transcranial magnetic stimulation‐continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) could regulate the glymphatic pathway through the GABA system. Our data showed that GABA promotes glymphatic clearance in an AQP4‐dependent manner by activating the GABAAR. Furthermore, cTBS was found to modulate the glymphatic pathway by activating the GABA system. Accordingly, we propose that regulating the GABA system by cTBS could modulate glymphatic clearance and provide new insight for clinical prevention and treatment of abnormal protein deposition‐related diseases.image
Paeoniflorin found in Paeonia lactiflora root extract inhibits melanogenesis by regulating melanin‐related signal transduction in B16F10 cells
Authors: Wen Su‐Ying , Wu Ya‐Shian , Liu Hsun , Ng Shang‐Chuan , Padma Viswanadha Vijaya , Huang Chih‐Yang , Kuo Wei‐Wen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSkin pigmentation is modulated by various processes, with melanogenesis playing a key role. Melanin is synthesized by the catalysis of melanogenesis‐related enzymes, such as tyrosinase and tyrosine‐related proteins TRP‐1 and TRP‐2. Paeoniflorin is the main bioactive component of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., Paeonia lactiflora., or Paeonia veitchii Lynch and has been used for centuries for its anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidant, and anti‐carcinogenic properties.Aims & methodsIn this study, melanin biosynthesis in mouse melanoma (B16F10) cells was induced using α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (α‐MSH), and then cells were co‐treated with paeoniflorin to evaluate its potential anti‐melanogenic effect.Resultsα‐MSH stimulation increased melanin content, tyrosinase activity, and melanogenesis‐related markers in a dose‐dependent manner. However, treatment with paeoniflorin reversed α‐MSH‐induced upregulation of melanin content and tyrosinase activity. Furthermore, paeoniflorin inhibited cAMP response element‐binding protein activation and TRP‐1, TRP‐2, and microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor protein expression in α‐MSH‐stimulated B16F10 cells.ConclusionOverall, these findings show the potential of paeoniflorin as a depigmenting agent for cosmetic products.
Do Hybrid Goals Pay off? Social and Economic Goals in Academic Spin‐Offs
Authors: Abootorabi Hooman , Shankar Raj K. , Rasmussen Einar , Wiklund Johan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNew ventures often pursue both economic and social goals, known as goal hybridity. Yet, we know less about how organizational goal hybridity influences the performance and governance of new ventures. Goal hybridity is common among academic spin‐offs (ASOs) seeking to commercialize scientific research from universities. We hypothesize that ASOs’ goal hybridity influences their subsequent performance and their governance structure. We also hypothesize that ASOs who enrol multiple stakeholders with investment goals aligned with their hybrid goals outperform the ASOs who do not. By combining several data sources, we follow Norwegian ASOs longitudinally and find that goal hybridity explains their subsequent performance differences, such that ASOs relying on both economic and social aspects of their business when formulating their goals outperform those who rely purely on economic or social goals. We also find that ASOs with hybrid goals outperform when they enrol multiple stakeholders who are aligned with their hybrid goals. Our findings have implications for theorizing in hybridity, stakeholder enrolment, and the organizational goals literatures. We also provide a fuller understanding on performance heterogeneity of ASOs, and we offer a set of practice and policy implications to academic entrepreneurship and public‐private partnership literatures.
Foliar application of Methyl Jasmonate Methyl Ester elicits differential antioxidant defence and expression of defence‐related genes against early blight disease of tomato
Authors: Kamakshi Kumarakrishnan , MohanaPrasad Jeyapandi , Muthamilarasan Mehanathan , Radhakrishnan Nagarathnam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhytohormones are the key regulators of various developmental and physiological processes in plants. In the present study, we have examined the efficacy of Methyl Jasmonate Methyl Ester (MJME) as a potent elicitor on inducing resistance factors against early blight disease of tomato. Both PKM1 (susceptible) and Arka Rakshak (resistant) cultivars of tomato were sprayed with different concentrations of MJME (1, 5, 10 and 25 μM) and/or infected with A. solani. MJME pre‐treatment followed by A. solani infected leaves showed a higher accumulation of superoxide anion radicals and hydrogen peroxide at the early stages and then decreased gradually in both resistant and susceptible cultivars. A significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activity such as superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase and catalase was evident in MJME pre‐treatment followed by A. solani infected leaves in susceptible cultivar of tomato compared with control. Manifestation of disease symptoms was reduced to 60% in tomato leaves pre‐treated with higher concentrations of MJME and infected with A. solani in susceptible cultivar on par with resistant cultivar. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) analysis revealed an induction of expression of defence‐related genes such as ACO1, EDS1, LoxD, NP24, NPR1 and Sl10EAH30 in tomato leaves pre‐treated with MJME followed by A. solani infection. Interestingly, a two‐fold increase in the expression of EDS1 gene was evident in both susceptible and resistant cultivars after MJME treatment compared with control. The present study showed that MJME could be a potential elicitor of resistance factors against the early blight disease of tomato.
Application potential of Humulus Scandens in livestock husbandry
Authors: Dang De Xin , Wang Huan , Li Shi Han , Fan Xin Yan , Li Desheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOn the background of antibiotic‐free livestock husbandry, animal nutritionists are trying to find alternatives to antibiotics. Many herbs have been developed for animal diets to replace antibiotics. Humulus Scandens (HS) is also known as Humulus japonicus and Japanese hop in English, lü Cao (葎草) in Mandarin Chinese and kanamugura (カナムグラ) in Japanese. It is a traditional Chinese medicine with good environmental adaptability. It can grow rapidly and cover any area. Its high yield, strong vitality and medical value allow its potential to be used as an exogenous additive for animal diets to replace antibiotics. However, the knowledge about this herb is limited at present. This manuscript reviewed the processing method of HS and its application in livestock husbandry in order to provide references for its application.
Functional consequences of temporal reversal of height dimorphism for pollen and seed dispersal in a dioecious plant
Authors: Zeng Zhi‐Hua , Yu Qian , Feng Qing‐Hong , Wang Xin‐Jia , Zhong Li , Sun Hua‐Ying , Wang Hong , Li De‐Zhu , Barrett Spencer C.H. , Zhou Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe adaptive significance of phenotypic differences between females and males can provide insights into sex‐specific selection and the evolution of sexual dimorphism. Dioecious plants commonly exhibit sexual dimorphism in height, although its ecological and evolutionary significance have rarely been examined experimentally. Here, we investigate the functional consequences of the temporal reversal of height dimorphism for pollen and seed dispersal in dioecious Rumex hastatulus Baldw., a species in which males are taller than females at flowering and the reverse pattern occurs at fruiting. Populations of this colonizing weed are wind‐pollinated and seeds are wind‐dispersed. In a glasshouse experiment we manipulated the height of pollen donors and using sex‐specific genetic markers compared the paternal success of males of contrasting height and investigated whether seed families showed evidence of sexual dimorphism in early life‐history traits. In a second glasshouse experiment using fruiting plants we also examined how female height influenced the distance that seeds were dispersed. We found that taller males had significantly higher siring success than males of equivalent height to flowering females. Similarly, taller females dispersed fruit to greater distances than shorter females. Female seeds were significantly heavier than male seeds and germinated more rapidly, although early seedling growth was greater in males. Our study suggests that the striking sex reversal of height in R. hastatulus likely functions to optimize the contrasting reproductive functions of the sexes by promoting increased pollen and seed dispersal distances. Improved dispersal quality could limit inbreeding and reduce local mate and resource competition within populations.
Comparison of actigraphy‐measured and parent‐reported sleep in association with weight status among preschool children
Authors: Abdollahi Anna M. , Li Xinyue , Merikanto Ilona , Leppänen Marja H. , Vepsäläinen Henna , Lehto Reetta , Ray Carola , Erkkola Maijaliisa , Roos Eva 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThis study compared weekday and weekend actigraphy‐measured and parent‐reported sleep in relation to weight status among preschool‐aged children. Participants were 3–6 years old preschoolers from the cross‐sectional DAGIS‐study with sleep data for ≥2 weekday and ≥2 weekend nights. Parents‐reported sleep onset and wake‐up times were gathered alongside 24 h hip‐worn actigraphy. An unsupervised Hidden‐Markov Model algorithm provided actigraphy‐measured night time sleep without the guidance of reported sleep times. Waist‐to‐height ratio and age‐and‐sex‐specific body mass index characterised weight status. Comparison of methods were assessed with consistency in quintile divisions and Spearman correlations. Associations between sleep and weight status were assessed with adjusted regression models. Participants included 638 children (49% girls) with a mean ± SD age of 4.76 ± 0.89. On weekdays, 98%–99% of actigraphy‐measured and parent‐reported sleep estimates were classified in the same or adjacent quintile and were strongly correlated (rs = 0.79–0.85, p < 0.001). On weekends, 84%–98% of actigraphy‐measured and parent‐reported sleep estimates were respectively classified and correlations were moderate to strong (rs = 0.62–0.86, p < 0.001). Compared with actigraphy‐measured sleep, parent‐reported sleep had consistently earlier onset, later wake‐up, and greater duration. Earlier actigraphy‐measured weekday sleep onset and midpoint were associated with a higher body mass index (respective β‐estimates: −0.63, p < 0.01 and −0.75, p < 0.01) and waist‐to‐height ratio (−0.004, p = 0.03 and −0.01, p = 0.02). Though the sleep estimation methods were consistent and correlated, actigraphy measures should be favoured as they are more objective and sensitive to identifying associations between sleep timing and weight status compared with parent reports.
Cerebellar axonopathy in Shivers horses identified by spatial transcriptomic and proteomic analyses
Authors: Valberg Stephanie J. , Williams Zoë J. , Henry Marisa L. , Finno Carrie J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundShivers in horses is characterized by abnormal hindlimb movement when walking backward and is proposed to be caused by a Purkinje cell (PC) axonopathy based on histopathology.ObjectivesDefine region‐specific differences in gene expression within the lateral cerebellar hemisphere and compare cerebellar protein expression between Shivers horses and controls.AnimalsCase‐control study of 5 Shivers and 4 control geldings ≥16.2 hands in height.MethodsUsing spatial transcriptomics, gene expression was compared between Shivers and control horses in PC soma and lateral cerebellar hemisphere white matter, consisting primarily of axons. Tandem‐mass‐tag (TMT‐11) proteomic analysis was performed on lateral cerebellar hemisphere homogenates.ResultsDifferences in gene expression between Shivers and control horses were evident in principal component analysis of axon‐containing white matter but not PC soma. In white matter, there were 455/1846 differentially expressed genes (DEG; 350 ↓DEG, 105 ↑DEG) between Shivers and controls, with significant gene set enrichment of the Toll‐Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) cascade, highlighting neuroinflammation. There were 50/936 differentially expressed proteins (DEP). The 27 ↓DEP highlighted loss of axonal proteins including intermediate filaments (5), myelin (3), cytoskeleton (2), neurite outgrowth (2), and Na/K ATPase (1). The 23 ↑DEP were involved in the extracellular matrix (7), cytoskeleton (7), redox balance (2), neurite outgrowth (1), signal transduction (1), and others.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceOur findings support axonal degeneration as a characteristic feature of Shivers. Combined with histopathology, these findings are consistent with the known distinctive response of PC to injury where axonal changes occur without a substantial impact on PC soma.
Clinical features, comparative imaging findings, treatment, and outcome in dogs with discospondylitis: A multi‐institutional retrospective study
Authors: Van Hoof Cassie , Davis Nicole A. , Carrera‐Justiz Sheila , Kahn Alisha D. , De Decker Steven , Grapes Nicholas J. , Beasley Michaela , Du John , Pancotto Theresa E. , Suñol Anna , Shinn Richard , DeCicco Barry , Burkland Erica , Cridge Harry 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundLimited recent data exists regarding discospondylitis in dogs.Hypothesis/Objectives(i) Describe the signalment, clinical and imaging findings, etiologic agents, treatment, and outcome of dogs with discospondylitis, (ii) determine diagnostic agreement between radiographs, CT, and MRI with regard to the presence of discospondylitis and its location, and (iii) determine risk factors for relapse and progressive neurological deterioration.AnimalsThree hundred eighty‐six dogs.MethodsMulti‐institutional retrospective study. Data extracted from medical records were: signalment, clinical and examination findings, diagnostic results, treatments, complications, and outcome. Potential risk factors were recorded. Breed distribution was compared to a control group. Agreement between imaging modalities was assessed via Cohen's kappa statistic. Other analyses were performed on categorical data, using cross tabulations with chi‐squared and Fisher's exact tests.ResultsMale dogs were overrepresented (236/386 dogs). L7‐S1 (97/386 dogs) was the most common site.Staphylococcusspecies (23/38 positive blood cultures) were prevalent. There was a fair agreement (κ = 0.22) between radiographs and CT, but a poor agreement (κ = 0.05) between radiographs and MRI with regard to evidence of discospondylitis. There was good agreement between imaging modalities regarding location of disease. Trauma was associated with an increased risk of relapse (P = .01, OR: 9.0, 95% CI: 2.2‐37.0). Prior steroid therapy was associated with an increased risk of progressive neurological dysfunction (P = .04, OR: 4.7, 95% CI: 1.2‐18.6).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceRadiograph and MRI results could be discrepant in dogs with discospondylitis. Prior trauma and corticosteroids could be associated with relapse and progressive neurological dysfunction, respectively.
Oracy and cultural capital: the transformative potential of spoken language
Authors: Knight Rupert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe contribution of spoken language to outcomes for education and beyond, including attainment, wellbeing and empowerment is long‐established and has recently become more prominent under the title of oracy, often conceptualised as learning both to and through talk. Part of the renewed interest in oracy is due to its potential for driving social mobility and its role in developing cultural capital. Cultural capital has a high profile in current English education policy due to its association with ‘knowledge‐rich’ curricula and its explicit inclusion in the latest school inspection framework. In comparison with the original characterisation of cultural capital, however, policy‐level cultural capital is narrowly defined. This article draws on the experiences of Oracy Leads from 12 schools to explore the motivations for their focus on oracy and the implicit and potential connections with cultural capital. It critiques reductive conceptualisations of cultural capital and oracy's role, arguing that oracy has a broader contribution to make than communicative competence and access to knowledge. Two forms of transformation are suggested: personal transformation through ‘exploratory’ forms of talk and societal transformation through the cultivation of agency and empowerment. Aiming for these transformations may be a powerful next step for schools which are already oracy‐engaged.
Efficacy and safety of treatment with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir in patients aged 6–18 years with chronic hepatitis C—Results of the PANDAA‐PED study
Authors: Pokorska‐Śpiewak Maria , Talarek Ewa , Aniszewska Małgorzata , Pluta Magdalena , Dobrzeniecka Anna , Marczyńska Magdalena , Indolfi Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe aim of this non‐commercial, open‐label, real‐life, non‐randomized clinical trial was to analyse the efficacy and safety of a pangenotypic regimen sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) in patients aged 6–18 years with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.MethodsFifty patients qualified for the 12‐week treatment were divided into two weight groups: 15 children weighting between 17 and <30 kg received a fixed dose of 200/50 mg of SOF/VEL (tablet) once daily, and 35 patients weighting ≥30 kg were treated with 400/100 mg SOF/VEL. The primary endpoint of the study was efficacy defined as sustained viral response (undetectable HCV RNA using an real‐time polymerase chain reaction method) at 12 weeks posttreatment (SVR12).ResultsMedian age of the participants was 10 (IQR 8–12) years, 47 were infected vertically, and 3 patients were previously ineffectively treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. Thirty‐seven participants were infected with HCV genotype 1, 10 with HCV genotype 3 and the remaining 3 with genotype 4. There was no case of cirrhosis. SVR12 was 100%. Thirty‐three reported adverse events (AEs) were considered related to the administration of SOF/VEL, all of them were mild or moderate. Children presenting with AEs were older compared to these without AEs: 12 (9.5–13) versus 9 (IQR 8–11) years (p = 0.008).ConclusionsResults of the PANDAA‐PED study indicated a 100% effectiveness of a 12‐week therapy with SOF/VEL in children aged 6–18 years with chronic HCV infection and its good safety profile, in particular in younger patients.
Effect of the alien octocoral Carijoa riisei on benthic fauna assemblages on natural and artificial substrates
Authors: Galván‐Villa Cristian M. , Tovar‐Hernández María A. , Rodríguez‐Zaragoza Fabián A. , Esqueda‐González María del C. , Sánchez‐Rodríguez Judith , Ríos‐Jara Eduardo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCarijoa riisei is an invasive octocoral whose dispersal in the tropics has increased considerably in recent years. This study evaluated the changes in the benthic fauna assemblages associated with C. riisei growing on rocks from a sea port and on the metal of a submerged shipwreck in the bays of Manzanillo, Colima, in the Mexican Central Pacific. Quarterly samples were collected between April 2021 and January 2022, with the presence or absence of C. riisei. The effect of C. riisei on the benthic fauna according to the type of substrate was evaluated with PERMANOVA models. The presence of C. riisei was found to affect taxonomic diversity. In the absence of the octocoral, 209 species were recorded, whereas in its presence, 190 were found. The decline of taxa occurred at the level of families, genera, and species. The interaction of the presence/absence of C. riisei and substrate generated significant changes in the Shannon (1D) and Simpson (2D) diversity indexes. However, the presence of C. riisei coincided with higher abundances of Ophiothela mirabilis, Ericthonius brasiliensis, and Pseudobranchiomma schizogenica. In conclusion, the snowflake coral favors the dominance of some species and reduces the biological diversity of several taxa, mainly mollusks, polychaetes, sipunculids, and anthozoans, generating significant changes in the structure of benthic communities. This study highlights the need to evaluate species composition in areas where the octocoral grows, to determine whether its presence has an ecological impact and whether control measures are required.
Discrete‐time risk sensitive portfolio optimization with proportional transaction costs
Authors: Pitera Marcin , Stettner Łukasz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper we consider a discrete‐time risk sensitive portfolio optimization over a long time horizon with proportional transaction costs. We show that within the log‐return i.i.d. framework the solution to a suitable Bellman equation exists under minimal assumptions and can be used to characterize the optimal strategies for both risk‐averse and risk‐seeking cases. Moreover, using numerical examples, we show how a Bellman equation analysis can be used to construct or refine optimal trading strategies in the presence of transaction costs.
The Meteoritical Bulletin, No. 111
Authors: Gattacceca Jérôme , McCubbin Francis M. , Grossman Jeffrey N. , Schrader Devin L. , Chabot Nancy L. , D'Orazio Massimo , Goodrich Cyrena , Greshake Ansgar , Gross Juliane , Joy Katherine Helen , Komatsu Mutsumi , Miao Bingkui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMeteoritical Bulletin 111 contains the 3094 meteorites approved by the Nomenclature Committee of the Meteoritical Society in 2022. It includes 11 falls (Antonin, Botohilitano, Cranfield, Golden, Great Salt Lake, Longde, Msied, Ponggo, Qiquanhu, Tiglit, Traspena), with 2533 ordinary chondrites, 165 HED, 123 carbonaceous chondrites (including 4 ungrouped), 82 lunar meteorites, 28 Rumuruti chondrites, 27 iron meteorites, 23 ureilites, 22 mesosiderites, 22 Martian meteorites, 21 primitive achondrites (one ungrouped), 17 ungrouped achondrites, 13 pallasites, 7 enstatite achondrites, 6 enstatite chondrites, and 5 angrites. Of the meteorites classified in 2022, 1787 were from Antarctica, 1078 from Africa, 180 from South America, 34 from Asia, 6 from North America, 4 from Europe, and 1 from Oceania.