bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing and Validating a Japanese Version of the Plymouth Sensory Imagery Questionnaire (Psi-Q)
Authors: Hitsuwari Jimpei , Nomura Michio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mental imagery refers to the representation of stimuli that are not physically present and has long been a subject of interest in psychology. Despite this, most of the research on mental imagery has been limited to visual images, with other types of imagery, such as sound and smell, receiving limited attention. A possible reason for this is the lack of appropriate scales to measure vividness of multisensory imagery. The Plymouth Sensory Imagery Scale (Psi-Q) has been developed to address this issue and has been used in several studies to measure the vividness of seven imagery: vision, sound, smell, taste, touch, body, and feeling. In this study of 400 participants in Japan, the Psi-Q was translated and tested for reliability and validity. Results showed good internal reliability and retest reliability, moderate to high correlations with other measures of construct validity, including mindfulness, Big Five, and life satisfaction. Additionally, there is no significant difference in total Psi-Q scores between the Japanese and British samples, although some differences were found in individual sensory imagery abilities. The study provides valuable insights into multisensory mental imagery and it is expected that research dealing simultaneously with the responses of multisensory modalities will further accumulate.
Toxocara Canis Increases the Potential of Breast Cancer by
Reducing the Expression of the P53 Protein
Authors: Kazemi Forough , Moradi-Sardareh Hemen , Arjmand Reza , Tavalla Mehdi , Amari Afshin , Cheraghian Bahman 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Breast cancer is considered the most frequent type of cancer
in women with high mortality worldwide, and most importantly, it is the second most
common cancer. However, some breast cancer-related risk factors remain unknown.
So, the current study was designed to evaluate the effect of Toxocara canis on the
biomarkers correlated with proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, and angiogenesis in
4T1 tumor-bearing mice infected with Toxocara canis for the first time.

Methods:
Mice were categorized into four groups: A) control, B) treated with 4T1+
Toxocara canis, C) treated with Toxocara canis, and D) treated with 4T1. The expression
of Ki-67 and P53 was then evaluated by using the immunohistochemical technique.
In addition, the levels of transforming growth factor-β, Interferon gamma-γ, Interleukin
10, tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor as well as
anti-Toxocara canis IgG were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay method.

Results:
The expression of Ki-67 was significantly increased in the 4T1+ Toxocara
canis group than control and Toxocara canis groups (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).
Moreover, a significant decrease in P53 was found in the 4T1+ Toxocara canis
group than in the control and Toxocara canis groups (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).
Also, the 4T1+ Toxocara canis group significantly reduced the expression of
P53 more than 4T1 tumor-bearing mice (P = 0.005). In addition, the 4T1+ Toxocara
canis group had an increasing tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth
factor than controls (P = 0.004 and P = 0.002, respectively). Furthermore, a significant
reduction in Interleukin 10 was found in the 4T1+ Toxocara canis group than in the
control group (P = 0.004).

Conclusion:
Our findings showed that Toxocara canis could probably increase the
potential of breast cancer by reducing P53 in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice infected with
Toxocara canis more than other groups.
Baicalein Alleviates Arsenic-induced Oxidative Stress through
Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 Signalling Pathway in Normal Human
Liver Cells
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhang Aihua 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Oxidative stress is a key mechanism underlying arsenicinduced
liver injury, the Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-related protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear
factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway is the main regulatory pathway involved in
antioxidant protein and phase II detoxification enzyme expression. The aim of the present
study was to investigate the role and mechanism of baicalein in the alleviation of
arsenic-induced oxidative stress in normal human liver cells.

Methods:
Normal human liver cells (MIHA cells) were treated with NaAsO2 (0, 5, 10,
20 μM) to observe the effect of different doses of NaAsO2 on MIHA cells. In addition,
the cells were treated with DMSO (0.1%), NaAsO2 (20 μM), or a combination of
NaAsO2 (20 μM) and Baicalein (25, 50 or 100 μM) for 24 h to observe the antagonistic
effect of Baicalein on NaAsO2. Cell viability was determined using a Cell Counting Kit-
8 (CCK-8 kit). The intervention doses of baicalein in subsequent experiments were
determined to be 25, 50 and 100μM. The intracellular content of reactive oxygen species
(ROS) was assessed using a 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFHDA)
probe kit. The malonaldehyde (MDA), Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD)
and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined by a test kit. The expression
levels of key genes and proteins were determined by real-time fluorescence
quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting.

Results:
Baicalein upregulated the protein expression levels of phosphorylated Nrf2
(p-Nrf2) and nuclear Nrf2, inhibited the downregulation of Nrf2 target genes induced by
arsenic, and decreased the production of ROS and MDA. These results demonstrate
that baicalein promotes Nrf2 nuclear translocation by upregulating p-Nrf2 and inhibiting
the downregulation of Nrf2 target genes in arsenic-treated MIHA cells, thereby enhancing
the antioxidant capacity of cells and reducing oxidative stress.

Conclusion:
Baicalein alleviated arsenic-induced oxidative stress through activation
of the Keap1/Nrf2 signalling pathway in normal human liver cells.
Propolis: Antineoplastic Activity, Constituents, and Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Ruiz-Bustos Patricia , Alday Efrain , Garibay-Escobar Adriana , Sforcin José Maurício , Lipovka Yulia , Hernandez Javier , Velazquez Carlos 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Propolis is a beehive product with great pharmacological potential, including antineo-plastic activity.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to provide an actual understanding of the existent scientific in-formation regarding the antiproliferative effect of propolis, proposed mechanisms of action, and challenges to meet.

Methods:
An assessment of the scientific literature was attained using the PubMed and SciFinder platforms. Research papers, clinical trials, and reviews published between the years 2000 - 2021, were considered. The words “anticancer”, “antitumor”, “antiproliferative” and “propolis” were used in the search criteria.

Conclusion:
A summary of several antiproliferative activities of different types of propolis is ex-posed. The potential health benefits of propolis are discussed. The variable plant origin of propolis partially accounts for its anti-cancer activities. Even when some mechanisms of action of propolis have been proposed, much of the genesis of how this effect is produced is yet to be answered, including several molecular mechanisms in different biological systems.
Real-World Effectiveness of Cladribine for Patients with Multiple
Sclerosis: A Sicilian Multicentric Experience (Rewind Study)
Authors: Arena Sebastiano , Chisari Clara Grazia , Toscano Simona , Bucello Sebastiano , Grimaldi Luigi Maria , Ragonese Paolo , Realmuto Sabrina , Cottone Salvatore , Maimone Davide , Finocchiaro Chiara , Reitano Paola , Patti Francesco 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Cladribine tablets are a highly effective option for the treatment of relapsingremitting
multiple sclerosis (RRMS).

Objective:
The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of cladribine in a real-world setting.

Methods:
This prospective real-world study consecutively screened all RRMS patients from seven different
MS centers in Sicily (Italy) who completed the 2-year treatment course of cladribine tablets in
the period between 11th March 2019 and 31st October 2021. Data about Expanded Disability Status
Scale (EDSS), relapses, previous treatments, adverse events (AEs) and magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) were collected. Patients who were previously treated with other DMTs were further stratified
into moderately active treatment (MAT) and highly active treatment (HAT) patients.

Results:
A total of 217 patients (70% women, with a mean age of 38.4 ± 11.3 years) were enrolled.
Fifty patients (23.0%) were naïve to treatment and 167 (77%) switched from other disease modifying
therapies. After the second year of treatment, about 80% were EDSS progression free, 88% remained
relapse-free at T24, and 48% of patients were MRI activity-free. Kaplan Meier analyses showed significant
differences between MT and HAT in terms of time to first clinical relapse (HR: 2.43, IC 1.02-
5.76; p = 0.04), time to the first new T1-gadolinium enhancing lesion (HR: 3.43, IC 1.35-8.70;
p = 0.009) and time to MRI worsening (HR: 2.42, IC 1.15-5.09; p = 0.02).

Conclusion:
This study confirmed that cladribine is an effective treatment for MS, particularly in
naïve patients and those who have switched from MATs.
Update on Cannabidiol Clinical Toxicity and Adverse Effects: A
Systematic Review
Authors: Madeo Graziella , Kapoor Ashita , Giorgetti Raffaele , Busardò Francesco Paolo , Carlier Jeremy 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Compelling evidence from preclinical and clinical studies supports the therapeutic
role of cannabidiol (CBD) in several medical disorders. We reviewed the scientific evidence on
CBD-related toxicity and adverse events (AEs) in 2019, at the beginning of the spike in clinical studies
involving CBD. However, CBD safety remained uncertain.

Objective:
With the benefit of hindsight, we aimed to provide an update on CBD-related toxicity and
AEs in humans.

Methods:
A systematic literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed,
Cochrane, and Embase were accessed in October 2022 to identify clinical studies mentioning CBDrelated
toxicity/AEs from February 2019 to September 2022. Study design, population characteristics,
CBD doses, treatment duration, co-medications, and AEs were compiled.

Results:
A total of 51 reports were included. Most studies investigated CBD efficacy and safety in neurological
conditions, such as treatment-resistant epilepsies, although a growing number of studies are focusing
on specific psychopathological conditions, such as substance use disorders, chronic psychosis, and
anxiety. Most studies report mild or moderate severity of AEs. The most common AEs are diarrhea,
somnolence, sedation, and upper respiratory disturbances. Few serious AEs have been reported, especially
when CBD is co-administered with other classes of drugs, such as clobazam and valproate.

Conclusions:
Clinical data suggest that CBD is well tolerated and associated with few serious AEs at
therapeutic doses both in children and adults. However, interactions with other medications should be
monitored carefully. Additional data are needed to investigate CBD's long-term efficacy and safety,
and CBD use in medical conditions other than epilepsy syndromes.
The Translational Future of Stress Neurobiology and Psychosis
Vulnerability: A Review of the Evidence
Authors: Cullen Alexis E. , Labad Javier , Oliver Dominic , Al-Diwani Adam , Minichino Amedeo , Fusar-Poli Paolo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Psychosocial stress is a well-established risk factor for psychosis, yet the neurobiological
mechanisms underlying this relationship have yet to be fully elucidated. Much of the research in this
field has investigated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function and immuno-inflammatory
processes among individuals with established psychotic disorders. However, as such studies are limited
in their ability to provide knowledge that can be used to develop preventative interventions, it is
important to shift the focus to individuals with increased vulnerability for psychosis (i.e., high-risk
groups). In the present article, we provide an overview of the current methods for identifying individuals
at high-risk for psychosis and review the psychosocial stressors that have been most consistently
associated with psychosis risk. We then describe a network of interacting physiological systems that
are hypothesised to mediate the relationship between psychosocial stress and the manifestation of psychotic
illness and critically review evidence that abnormalities within these systems characterise highrisk
populations. We found that studies of high-risk groups have yielded highly variable findings, likely
due to (i) the heterogeneity both within and across high-risk samples, (ii) the diversity of psychosocial
stressors implicated in psychosis, and (iii) that most studies examine single markers of isolated
neurobiological systems. We propose that to move the field forward, we require well-designed, largescale
translational studies that integrate multi-domain, putative stress-related biomarkers to determine
their prognostic value in high-risk samples. We advocate that such investigations are highly warranted,
given that psychosocial stress is undoubtedly a relevant risk factor for psychotic disorders.
Genotoxicity and Anticancer Effects of the Aminothiophene Derivatives SB-44, SB-
83, and SB-200 in Cancer Cells
Authors: da Silva Eduardo Davi Lima , dos Santos Flaviana Alves , de Oliveira Júlia Teixeira , dos Santos Fabio Vieira , Junior Francisco Jaime Bezerra Mendonça , do Carmo Alves de Lima Maria , da Rocha Pitta Maira Galdino , de Jesus de Melo Rego Moacyr Barreto , Pereira Michelly Cristiny 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Thiophene derivatives have been widely studied as promising options for the treatment of
solid tumors. Previous studies have shown that thiophene derivatives have antileishmanial activity and cytotoxic activity
against breast, colon, and ovarian cancer cells.

Methods:
In our study, we evaluated the anticancer activities of three aminothiophene derivatives: SB-44, SB-83, and
SB-200, in prostate and cervical adenocarcinoma cells. Several in vitro methods were performed, including cytotoxicity,
clonogenic migration, mutagenic, and cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) assays and annexin V staining.

Results:
Significant cytotoxicity was observed in cell lines with IC50 values less than 35 μM (15.38-34.04 μM). All
aminothiophene derivatives significantly reduced clone formation but had no effect on cell motility. SB-83 and SB-44
induced a significant increase in the percentage of cells in the sub-G1 phase, while SB-200 derivatives significantly
decreased the percentage of S/G2/M as well as induced apoptosis, with an increase of cleaved PARP. SBs compounds
also showed significant mutagenic potential. Beyond that, in silico analyses revealed that all three thiophene derivatives
fulfilled the criteria for oral druggability, which underscores the potential of using them in anticancer therapies.

Conclusion:
Our findings show that the thiophene nucleus may be used to treat solid tumors, including prostate cancer
and cervical adenocarcinoma.
Drugs Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Treatment of Diabetic Bone Disorders
Authors: Chen Yuyang , Aili Munire , Chen Fan , Gong Yu , Chen Xiaoju , Zhang Lan 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Growing pieces of evidence demonstrate a close relationship between bone regeneration disorders of diabetic patients and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3). Drugs targeting NLRP3 in the treatment of diabetic bone disorders have been heatedly discussed in recent years, and new R&D ideas should be explored.

Objective:
This review analyzes molecular mechanisms of how hyperglycemia activates NLRP3 and leads to bone disorders in diabetic patients. Also, this review focuses on the research of drugs targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of diabetic bone disorders, and eventually points out the ideas for new drug development.

Results:
In diabetic patients, hyperglycemia ultimately increases the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome which cleaves pro-IL-1β into mature IL-1β by caspase-1, leading to impaired bone formation. Drugs targeting NLRP3 inflammasome are divided into two categories. Indirect-acting drugs for NLRP3 inflammasomes include dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, lipoxygen A4, epigallocatechin gallate, and vitamin D3. Direct-acting drugs include Glyburide, Dioscin, and Pristimerin.

Conclusion:
The presented studies indicate that hyperglycemia is the initiating factor for NLRP3-induced bone disorders in diabetic patients. The main drug targets are the molecules relevant to the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. These data may provide a theoretical basis for the further development of drugs targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of diabetic bone disorders.
CD73 Blockade Alleviated Hepatic Fibrosis via Inhibiting Hepatic Stellate Cells
Proliferation and Activation
Authors: Dong Ke , Yang Lan , Gao Zhao-Wei , Wu Xia-Nan , Liu Chong , Zhang Juan , Zhang Hui-Zhong 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Liver fibrosis is associated with the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Inhibition of HSCs activation is a strategy for alleviating hepatic fibrogenesis. CD73 is involved in liver disease development, while the mechanism remains unclear.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the effect of CD73 targeting inhibition on liver fibrosis.

Methods:
Intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 was used to induce liver fibrosis in mice models. Adenosine 5′-(α, β-methylene) diphosphate sodium salt (APCP) was used for CD73 blockade. The siRNA was used to induce CD73 knockdown in HSCs. LX2 and HSC-T6 were used to investigate the role of CD73 in HSCs activation in vitro.

Results:
The results showed that APCP treatment could alleviate hepatic fibrosis. In fibrotic liver tissues, CD73 exhibited a positive correlation with markers of HSCs activation. Furthermore, APCP treatment and CD73 knockdown could inhibit HSCs (LX2 and HSC-T6) activation and proliferation. By using RNA sequencing of liver tissues from control, CCl4-mice, and APCP-treated mice, 851 genes that were significantly changed in CCl4 mice (vs. control) were reversed by APCP treatment. These genes were mainly enriched in cell division-associated biological processes. Moreover, we found that CD73 might be associated with autophagy in HSCs. In fibrotic liver tissues and HSCs, ATG5 and Beclin1 expression could be downregulated by CD73 knockdown and APCP treatment.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated the effects and mechanism of CD73 in HSCs activation and proliferation, which presents the therapeutical potential of CD73 blockage for liver fibrosis
Evaluating Immobilization of Hemoglobin onto Nanomesoporous MCM-41
Authors: Wang Qing-Shuang , Zhai Qing-Zhou , Zhang Xiang-Yu , Feng Xiang-Ru 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
The development and applications of biological products have been seriously
hindered by conventional immobilization for its low efficiency and high cost. The immobilization on
solid supports for enzyme is an area of intense research due to their widespread use in synthetic chemistry
and various industries. This paper highlights a great interest in the adsorption of an enzyme on the solid
porous structured material and the design of new controlled delivery systems. The enzyme immobilized
on solid supports and synthetic materials of the reaction mixture with strong mechanical force and easy
separation serves as a high selective catalyst.

Objective:
A novel protein delivery system for hemoglobin (Hb) enzyme was proposed by incorporating
the molecular molecules into the mesopores of well-ordered hexagonal nanometer MCM (Mobil Composition
of Matters) - 41. The prepared adsorbents were successfully applied to the design and synthesis of
new functionalization materials. Various parameters affecting adsorption process, such as adsorption
time, adsorption isotherm, and the reusability of adsorbent, were investigated.

Methods:
The interaction between Hb and MCM-41 was investigated using powder X-ray diffraction
(XRD), Fourier infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible solid diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and 77 K lowtemperature
N2 adsorption-desorption study.

Results:
The experimental parameters were optimized, including the concentrations of Hb, the MCM-41
amount, and the interior surface of phenyl-functionalized Ph-MCM-41 materials. Under the optimized
conditions, the biocatalytic performance was studied for Hb/MCM-41 and Hb/Ph-(MCM-41). The adsorption
process of Hb by MCM-41 / Ph-(MCM-41) was in agreement with the quasi-two-order kinetic
model. Process of Hb adsorption by MCM-41 / Ph-(MCM-41) belongs to an exothermic reaction, the
reaction is not reversible at 4°C and it is a spontaneous reaction. The Freundlich model can better describe
the adsorption of hemoglobin on MCM-41 / Ph-(MCM-41). During the desorption process of composite
(MCM-41)-Hb/[Ph-(MCM-41)]-Hb in 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution, the desorption rate can reach above
70% at 2 min. At 60 min, the desorption reached equilibrium and the desorption rates were 99.58% and
91.36%, respectively. The reuse activity experimental results indicated that the immobilized enzyme exhibited
high catalytic activity. Reusability stability studies suggested that the prepared composites retained
their activity even after five recycling runs. This shows that the phenylation of MCM-41 reduced
the "leakage" of enzyme in the main material.

Conclusion:
The results of the present study demonstrated that Hb/MCM-41 and Hb/Ph-(MCM-41) are
highly efficient potential nanobiocatalysts for the immobilization of enzymes onto mesoporous materials.
Pharmacological Investigation on Unraveling Mechanism of Action of
Quisqualis indica Leaves for Predicted Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Kulshreshtha Mayank , Chaudhary Rajaneesh Kumar , Roy Supriya , Shukla Karuna Shanker , Singh Anita , Singh Manjul Pratap 
Published: March 2023

Background::
With the aid of various ulcer-induced models, the goal of this study was to assess the antiulcer ability of Qusqualis indica (Q. indica) leaf extracts in Wistar rats

Method::
The induction of ulcers was done by different models like pylorus ligation method, ethanol-induced and stress-induced models. Group 1 (negative control), Group 2 (standard group) were treated with Sucralfate (8.6 mg/kg), Group 3 was treated with aqueous extract of Q. indica (AEQI,200 mg/kg), Group 4 was treated with aqueous extract of Q. indica (AEQI,400 mg/kg), Group 5 was treated with ethanolic extract of Q. indica (EEQI, 200 mg/kg) and Group 6 was treated with ethanol extract of Q. indica (EEQI, 400 mg/kg). All therapies were given orally twice every day. After the course of treatment was complete, blood and gastrointestinal contents were taken, and biochemical tests were run. The acetylcholine and histamine drug response curves were used to develop the mechanism of the extracts.

Results::
The groups treated with extracts experienced a significant decrease in ulcer index. The antiulcer potential of the AEQI and EEQI is dose-dependent. Hematological, hepatic, and cardiac parameters were not significantly affected by the extracts, although high-density lipoprotein production was. Acetylcholine and histamine are blocked by AEQI and EEQI, according to the DRC analysis. The obtained scientific facts are amply supported by histopathological analysis

Conclusion::
AEQI and EEQI have antiulcer potential in a dose-dependent manner, but further research must be needed.