bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conformational preferences of inosine and its methyl derivatives: Comparison of the AMBER derived force field parameters and reparameterization of the glycosidic torsion parameters
Authors: Dutta Nivedita , Deb Indrajit , Sarzynska Joanna , Lahiri Ansuman 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Inosine is one of the most abundant post-transcriptionally modified ribonucleosides which is known to play a major role in several important biological processes and is of great therapeutic importance. The growing importance of this modified ribonucleoside in therapeutics suggests the requirement of further theoretical studies involving inosine and its derivatives and ensuring the accuracy of their force field parameters is crucial for such theoretical studies to be reliable. The present study reports the validation of the AMBER derived force field parameter sets for inosine as well as examination of the transferability of the available revised sets of glycosidic and gamma torsion parameters corresponding to the respective canonical nucleosides based on detailed comparison of different conformational features from replica exchange molecular dynamics. We also report newly developed sets of partial atomic charges and glycosidic torsion parameters (𝛘KOL0) for inosine and its methyl derivatives. These parameters, in combination with the AMBER FF99 parameters (Cheatham, T. E., III; Cieplak, P.; Kollman, P. A. J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 1999, 16, 845 − 862; Aduri, R.; Psciuk, B. T.; Saro, P.; Taniga, H.; Schlegel, H. B.; SantaLucia, J. J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2007, 3, 1464 − 1475), and the recommended bsc0 correction for the gamma torsion (Pérez, A.; Marchán, I.; Svozil, D.; Sponer, J.; Cheatham, T. E.; Laughton, C. A.; Orozco, M. Biophys. J. 2007, 3817 − 3829.), reproduced the conformational properties of inosine and its 1-methyl derivative in agreement with experimental (NMR) data. In this study, we have also predicted the conformational preferences for the other two methyl derivatives of inosine, i.e., 2’-O-methylinosine and 1,2’-O-dimethylinosine using the revised sets of glycosidic torsion parameters.
TMTC1 promotes invasiveness of ovarian cancer cells through integrins β1 and β4
Authors: Huang Min-Chuan , Yeh Ting-Chih , Lin Neng-Yu , Chiu Chin-Yu , Hsu Tzu-Wen , Wu Hsin-Yi , Lin Hsuan-Yu , Chen Chi-Hau 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy and is characterized by peritoneal disseminated metastasis. Although O-mannosyltransferase TMTC1 is highly expressed by ovarian cancer, its pathophysiologic role in ovarian cancer remains unclear. Here, immunohistochemistry showed that TMTC1 was overexpressed in ovarian cancer tissues compared with the adjacent normal ovarian tissues and high TMTC1 expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. Silencing TMTC1 reduced ovarian cancer cell viability, migration, and invasion in vitro as well as suppressed peritoneal tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Moreover, TMTC1 knockdown reduced cell-laminin adhesion, which was associated with the decreased phosphorylation of FAK at pY397. Conversely, TMTC1 overexpression promoted these malignant properties in ovarian cancer cells. Glycoproteomic analysis and Concanavalin A (ConA) pull-down assays showed that integrins β1 and β4 were novel O-mannosylated protein substrates of TMTC1. Furthermore, TMTC1-mediated cell migration and invasion were significantly reversed by siRNA-mediated knockdown of integrin β1 or β4. Collectively, these results suggest that TMTC1-mediated invasive behaviors are primarily through integrins β1 and β4 and that TMTC1 is a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
Establishment of a diagnostic reference level for dental intraoral bitewing X-rays in Western Australia
Authors: Storm Cameron , Nezich Rikki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for dental intraoral X-rays have been established in Western Australia. DRL values of 2.0 mGy incident air kerma (IAK) and 57 mGy cm2 air kerma-area product (KAP) for an adult posterior bitewing X-ray were determined based on 811 X-ray units surveyed. This IAK DRL value is greater than those established in several other nations and regions around the world in similar studies. Analyses of radiographic technique and equipment usage are included to provide broad guidance as to ways that imaging could be optimised, such as in the selection of exposure factors, collimators, image receptors, and X-ray unit models.
Effects of egg yolk choline intake on cognitive functions and plasma choline levels in healthy middle-aged and older Japanese: A Randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled parallel-group study
Authors: Yamashita Soyogu , Kawada Naoki , Wang Wei , Susaki Kenta , Takeda Yumi , Kimura Mamoru , Iwama Yoshitaka , Miura Yutaka , Sugano Michihiro , Matsuoka Ryosuke 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Choline, as a neurotransmitter acetylcholine precursor, is reportedly associated with cognitive function. Although there are several cohort and animal studies on choline-containing foods and cognitive function, only a few interventional studies were reported. This study aimed to investigate the effect of consuming 300 mg of egg yolk choline per day on cognitive function of Japanese adults. Egg yolk is a rich source of choline containing different chemical forms such as phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, and a-glycerophosphocholine.
Methods
A 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted in 60 middle-aged and elderly males and females (46.7% female) aged ≥ 60 years and ≤ 80 years without dementia. Participants were randomly assigned to the placebo and choline groups. The choline group received a supplement containing egg yolk choline (300 mg/day), and the placebo group received an egg yolk supplement free from choline for 12 weeks. Assessments of Cognitrax, Trail Making Tests A and B, the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, the Simplified Japanese Version of the WHO-Five Well-Being Index, and plasma choline levels were performed before and 6 and 12 weeks after supplement intake.
Results
The analysis excluded 19 subjects (9 in the placebo group and 10 in the choline group) who met the criteria for discontinuation and participant compliance. and the results revealed significantly higher verbal memory scores and verbal memory test-correct hit (delay) in the choline group compared with the placebo group at 6 and 12 weeks. The plasma-free choline level was significantly higher in the choline group compared with the placebo group at 6 weeks. Conversely, the choline group showed significantly lower Cognitrax processing speed scores, symbol digit coding testing correct responses, and SF-36 physical quality of life summary scores compared to the placebo group at 6 weeks. No significant differences were found for the other parameters between two groups.
Conclusions
The results showed the possibility that continued intake of egg yolk choline improved verbal memory, which is a part of cognitive functions. To confirm observed effects of egg yolk choline more well-designed, large-scale studies are warranted.
Trial registration:
Study protocols were pre-registered in the Clinical Trials Registration System (UMIN-CTR) (UMIN 000045050).
Microencapsulate Probiotics (MP) Promote Growth Performance and Inhibit Inflammatory Response in Broilers Challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: Wu Huixian , Ding Chenchen , Ma Xujie , Gao Zhangshan , Liu Shuhui , Liu Bin , Song Suquan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant becteria are prevalent in husbandry around the world due to the abuse of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs), therefore it is necessary to find alternatives to AGPs in animal feed. Among all the candidates, probiotics are promising alternatives to AGPs against Salmonella infection. The anti-Salmonella effects of three probiotic strains, namely Lactobacillus crispatus 7 − 4, Lactobacillus johnsonii 3 − 1 and Pediococcusacidilactici 20 − 1, have been demonstrated in our previous study. In this study, we further obtained the alginate beads that containing compound probiotics, namely microencapsulate probiotics (MP), and evaluated its regulatory effect on the health of broilers. The results showed that compared to free probiotics, encapsulation increased tolerance of compound probiotics in the simulated gastrointestinal condition. We observed that the application of probiotics, especially MP, conferred protective effects against S.Tm infection in broilers. Compared to the S.Tm group, the MP could promote the growth performance (p < 0.05) and reduce the S.Tm load in intestine and liver (p < 0.05). In detail, MP pretreatment could modulate the cecal microflora, up-regulate the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Enterobactericeae. Besides, MP could reduce the inflammation injury of the intestine and liver, reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β) expression, and induce of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) expression. Futhermore, MP could inhibit NLRP3 pathway in ileum, thereby attenuating S.Tm-induced inflammation. In conclusion, MP could be a new feeding supplementation strategy to substitute AGPs in poultry feeding.
Sequential application of inoculation methods for the mycorrhization of Quercus ilex seedlings with Tuber melanosporum
Authors: Gómez-Molina Eva , Sánchez Sergio , Puig-Pey Meritxell , Garcia-Barreda Sergi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The use of mycorrhized seedlings has been critical in the success of modern truffle cultivation, which nowadays supplies most black truffles to markets. Ascospore inoculation has been traditionally used to produce these seedlings, but little scientific information is publicly available on the inoculation methods applied or on the possibility of combining them. We evaluated the potential of sequential inoculation for the controlled colonization of holm oak fine roots with black truffle, with two nursery assays and a full factorial design. Three inoculation methods were sequentially applied: radicle inoculation, inoculation of the substrate in seedling trays and inoculation of the substrate in the final pot. The sequential application appeared as an effective and realistic alternative for commercial inoculation of holm oak seedlings with black truffle. The increase in the amount of inoculum applied with each inoculation method improved the mycorrhizal colonization of seedlings, although separately none of the inoculation methods appeared clearly superior to the other ones. The depth distribution of mycorrhizae levels pointed to the inoculation in the final pot substrate as being more effective than other methods in lower parts of the root system, whereas the early inoculation appeared more effective to reduce the occurrence of the opportunist ectomycorrhizal fungus Sphaerosporella brunnea. However, the difference of results between both assays suggests that cultivation conditions and/or the timing of the nursery operations may influence the relative effectiveness of these inoculation methods.
Novel Cross Wedge Rolling Method for Producing Railcar Axles
Authors: Pater Zbigniew , Tomczak Janusz , Bulzak Tomasz 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Railcar axles are large-size parts produced in large batches. Nowadays they are manufactured from semi-finished products obtained by press or rotary forging. Studies are conducted on developing more effective methods for producing these parts, with a focus on methods based on rolling processes. A promising line of research in this respect is connected with the use of cross wedge rolling (CWR), a manufacturing method for producing automotive shafts and axles. Nonetheless, there exist no rolling mills that would make it possible to manufacture such large-size parts as railcar axles. A solution to this problem was inspired by the symmetric shape of a railcar axle, which makes it possible to roll this part in two passes using the same tools. The present paper describes this method of manufacturing railcar axles, which was developed at the Lublin University of Technology. Taking advantage of the potential offered by numerical modelling, simulations were made of two rolling processes for producing a railcar axle type BA302, i.e. one process was conducted with the use of two rolls and the other with two flat tools moving in the opposite directions. It was assumed that the rolling processes would be performed on the largest available rolling mills used for CWR. Numerical results demonstrated that railcar axles produced by the proposed rolling process had neither external nor internal (cracks) defects. The effectiveness of the developed CWR method was ultimately confirmed by the high quality of railcar axles that were produced (in a scale of 1:5) under industrial conditions at the Lublin University of Technology.
MicroRNA-193b, a critical factor in cell aging, in human lymphatic endothelial cells
Authors: Jung Sun-Ah , Shin Jongdae , Kim Ungsoo Samuel , Lee Joon H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Recent studies indicate that microRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in cellular development, homeostasis, and response. However, the function of miRNA in the senescence of human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLECs) remains unclear. We aimed to find miRNAs related to HLECs’ aging and elucidate miRNAs’ molecular mechanism.
Methods
HLECs were cultured, and total RNA was harvested from the cells. Then, MiRNA screening was performed, with targeted miRNAs selected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). To evaluate the effect of miR-193b, HLECs were treated with a mimic and inhibitor, and tube formation was investigated. We used a luciferase assay to analyze the expression of CCND1, a well-known gene involved in cell passage, in response to miR-193b.
Results
Seven miRNAs were primarily screened. Among them, miR-193b-3p showed a high affinity for HLECs. Transfection of the mir-193b-3p mimic decreased cell proliferation and affected tube formation. CCND1 mRNA and protein levels also were decreased by the cell-transfected mir-193b-3p mimic.
Conclusion
This study provides the first evidence that miR-193b-3p represses cell proliferation and regulates CCND1, which may play an important role in lymphangiogenesis.
Flat-slab conveyor effect induces precursory crustal contraction in the Central Andes
Authors: Pons Michaël , Piceda Constanza Rodriguez , Sobolev Stephan , Scheck-Wenderoth Magdalena , Strecker Manfred 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The southern Central Andes (29°S-39°S) is a key area to better understand the mechanisms of non-collisional mountain building associated with changes in oceanic plate dip geometry and the interaction between the oceanic and continental plates. The orogen experienced an increase of shortening during the last 35 Ma which is coeval with the southward migration of a flat subduction segment and the passage of a bathymetric anomaly known as the Juan Fernandez Ridge. Based on data-driven geodynamic numerical modelling, we use the present-day plate configuration to assess the role of the flat-slab on the deformation of the overriding plate. The resulting deformation field suggests that the shallowing of the oceanic slab controlled the onset of the compression at ~10 Ma before the arrival of the ridge leading to the formation of a ~370-km-wide transpressive shear zone at the transition between the flat (27°S - 32°S) and the steep slab segments (south of 33°S). The contraction of the crust is accommodated by the dextral rotation of micro-crustal Sierras Pampeanas basement blocks and strike-slip deformation at their borders (i.e., thick-skin foreland deformation). We propose a novel concept for oceanic and continental plate interaction, where the southward migration of the flat slab functions as a conveyor belt for upper-plate crustal deformation, with an increase in the intensity of deformation foreshadowing the flat-slab arrival.
Observational characterization of the ejecta from the DART-Dimorphos impact
Authors: Ofek Eran , Kushnir Doron , Polishook David , Waxman Eli , Tohuvavohu Aaron , Ben-Ami Sagi , Katz Boaz , Gnat Orly , Strotjohann Nora , Segre Enrico , Blumenzweig Arie , Sofer-Rimalt Yahel , Yaron Ofer , Gal-Yam Avishay , Shvartzvald Yossi , Engel Michael , Cenko S. , Hershko Ofir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Double Asteroid Redirection Test1,2 (DART) was intended to test planetary defense strategies via the reaction of the near-Earth asteroid Dimorphos, a satellite of Didymous, to a spacecraft impact. Pre-impact modeling3–7 predicted a momentum gain of the impacted asteroid in the range of 1−5 times that of the impactor. These models further suggest that the velocity distribution of the ejecta depends, for example, on the material cohesion and porosity. Therefore, detailed observations of the velocity and particle-size distribution in the ejecta can be used to calibrate the models and assess the target properties. Here we report on ultraviolet (UV), visible, and near-infrared (NIR) observations of the Dimorphos-DART impact. We show that the ejecta were composed of two main components. A slow component with high scattering efficiency expanding at a few ms−1 with a mass ≳ 2×104 kg, and a fast component moving at 1,600ms−1. Measuring the time scale on which these ejecta become optically thin, the surface brightness evolution, and multi-band Mie scattering, we detect not only the visible scattering ejecta, but also the “unseen" absorbing ejecta. The fast component is composed of ∼ 0.01 to ≈ 0.2μm sized particles, with a total mass of ∼ 103 kg. Most of the momentum gain of Dimorphos, after the impact, was due to the fast ejecta, and so the momentum gain of impacts can be estimated using such observations.
A Flexible Production Cost Model for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Hemsen Jonas , Nowak Nikita , Eckstein Lutz 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A cost model for the estimation of production costs of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) is presented, which allows to alter design choices such as wire technology, winding layout, cooling system, materials and more. With the goal to make results reproducible by others, the methods are explained in detail and used data and assumptions are given. The developed model helps to understand the interaction between the design of PMSMs, manufacturing methods and the resulting costs. With it, different PMSM technologies and materials can be evaluated regarding its influence on the production costs, which is a perquisite to find the best compromise between performance and costs. Production volume is shown to be the most decisive factor for the resulting production costs. Between minimum and maximum assumed volumes, an average cost per unit reduction of 67% could be observed. Furthermore, it is shown that the winding production is responsible for the greatest part of the overall costs, followed by the rotor assembly (including rare earth magnets). When using the model to compare different wire types, it can be stated that up to a production volume of roughly 150,000 units/year, hairpin wires are more expensive to produce. Above this volume, hairpin windings will get cheaper than round wire windings due to its higher grade of automation of the production process. Through the conducted investigations and the presented results, it is demonstrated that the cost model can serve to evaluate technologies with regards to costs in the early development stage. This way a more holistic assessment of technologies for PMSM is possible, helping to find the ideal compromises between costs and performance and to increase the attractiveness of sustainable mobility.
The 5-point Beloch Circle
Authors: Heath Daniel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The sixth axiom of origami says that we can fold two points P1, P2 onto two lines l1, l2 respectively. In general, there are three such fold lines f1, f2, f3, as the equation induced is cubic. Let Q1 = f2 ∩ f3, Q2 =f1∩f3, Q3 = f1∩f2, and C be the circle containing points Q1,Q2,Q3. We show that P1, P2 ∈ C, with two related conjectures for dessert.
Emotion Recognition in Teachers' Teaching Behavior Based on Multimodal Data Analysis
Authors: Lu Yuanyuan , Chen Zengzhao , Zheng Qiuyu , Wang Mengke 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The teaching effect and learning state of teachers are significantly influenced by many emotions that are manifested in teaching behaviour. The affective recognition model can be applied to the analysis of useful teaching feedback data found in teaching behaviour data to assist teachers in raising the level of instruction they provide. The accuracy of emotion classification is impacted by the typical emotion recognition model's inability to completely distinguish the intricate emotional aspects and hints in instructional conduct. In order to improve the performance of emotion classification, this paper proposes a multi-modal emotion recognition model of teaching behaviour based on dynamic convolution and residual gating. This model enhances the performance of emotion classification by further mining advanced local features and creating efficient interactive fusion strategies. First, text, audio, and images' low-level features, high-level local characteristics, and context dependencies are each extracted. Second, cross-modal dynamic convolution (CMDC) is employed to represent the interaction between modes and within modes, simulate the interaction between lengthy time series, capture the interaction properties of various modes, and prevent the obliteration of crucial information. The experimental results demonstrate that this model performs better than other comparable models in terms of accuracy of emotion categorization and F1 value on the self-built data set, reaching 83.5% and 83.1%, respectively. It has been demonstrated that the emotion classification model can help teachers become more effective over time by giving them a framework on which to analyse teaching behaviour with objectivity.
Spatiotemporal gait parameter fluctuations in older adults affected by mild cognitive impairment: comparisons among three cognitive dual-task tests
Authors: Du Shan , Ma Xiaojuan , Wang Jiachen , Mi Yan , Zhang Jie , Du Chengxue , Li Xiaobo , Tan Huihui , Liang Chen , Yang Tian , Shi Wenzhen , Zhang Gejuan , Tian Ye 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds: Gait disorder is associated with cognitive functional impairment, and this disturbance is more pronouncedly when performing additional cognitive tasks. Our study aimed to characterize gait disorders in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) under three dual tasks and determine the association between gait performance and cognitive function.
Methods: A total of 260 participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional study and divided into MCI and cognitively normal control. Spatiotemporal and kinematic gait parameters (31 items) in single task and three dual tasks (serial 100-7, naming animals and words recall) were measured using a wearable sensor. Baseline characteristics of the two groups were balanced using propensity score matching. Important gait features were filtered using random forest method and LASSO regression and further described using logistic analysis.
Results: After matching, 106 participants with MCI and 106 normal controls were recruited. Top 5 gait features in random forest and 4~6 important features in LASSO regression were selected. Robust variables associating with cognitive function were temporal gait parameters. Participants with MCI exhibited decreased swing time and terminal swing, increased mid stance and variability of stride length compared with normal control. Subjects walked slower when performing an extra dual cognitive task. In the three dual tasks, words recall test exhibited more pronounced impact on gait regularity, velocity and dual task cost than the other two cognitive tests.
Conclusion:Gait assessment under dual task conditions, particularly in words recall test, using wearable sensors could be useful as a complementary strategy for early detection of MCI.