bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of chemistry and fineness of metakaolin on the fresh properties and heat resistance of blended fly ash-based geopolymer
Authors: Abbass Ahmed Mohamed , Firdous Rafia , Yankwa Djobo Jean Noel , Stephan Dietmar , Elrahman Mohamed Abd 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSensible thermal energy storage using concrete as a storage medium is a promising technology that helps minimize energy in power plant. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential benefits of metakaolin (MK) as a partial substitute for fly ash-based geopolymer for heat resistance. As a partial substitute (5 and 20 wt.%) for fly ash (FA), nine metakaolins containing different alumina contents were selected. In order to assess their potential for storing high-temperature thermal energy, physical and microstructural analyses were performed before and after heat exposure up to 500 °C. Low packing density limits the workability of some metakaolins and increases water demand in pastes. The mechanical properties of geopolymer weaken as the temperature is raised (< 500 °C). The high alumina content of some metakaolins, however, helps to mitigate strength loss during high temperatures. A higher dosage of metakaolin has also shown to prevent this deterioration of strength. A reduction in strength under heating is caused by both dehydration and dehydroxylation. The higher fineness and alumina content of MK have demonstrated significant potential to enhance the heat resistance of FA-based geopolymers. As a result, the geopolymer paste developed is suitable for being used in heat-resistant applications.Article Highlights

Fly ash was the main precursor of as prepared alkali-activated binders.

Adding metakaolin enhances the resistance of hardened materials under thermal load.

The higher the alumina content inside metakaolin is, the higher the performance is.
Do the ends justify the means? Problematizing social acceptance and instrumentally-driven community engagement in proposed energy projects
Authors: Ryder Stacia , Walker Chad , Batel Susana , Devine-Wright Hannah , Devine-Wright Patrick , Sherry-Brennan Fin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProposed energy projects across rural working landscapes play an important role in energy transitions. While community engagement has been increasingly a part of these projects, instrumental motivations for engagement and the emphasis placed on achieving social acceptance has remained uncritically examined. Here, we aim to highlight relationships between actor rationale, the structuring of engagement processes, and how communities perceive the driving forces behind engagement practices. To do so, we draw on lived experiences of communities facing proposed shale gas and wind energy projects across rural working landscapes in the UK and Canada, respectively. We find that engagement is often perceived by community members as insincere, insufficient, ineffective and instrumentally-driven. We suggest that a more community-centered approach to engagement is necessary and will require a move beyond existing engagement and acceptance practice and frameworks. This can include creating more inclusive decision-making processes where powers are balanced and designing community engagement to incorporate multiple rationales beyond achieving social acceptance of energy projects.
Application of Nano-Antibodies for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Singh Sunanda , Singh Samara P. , Parihar Ashutosh S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Summary
By inhibiting intracellular KRAS and STAT3, SBT-100 suppresses the growth of human tumors in vivo, decreases VEGF and PD-L1 expression, inhibits IL-6 function in cancers, suppresses IL-17, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, IL-1-alpha, and downregulates Th17 cells.

Purpose of Review
Two VHH (camelid heavy chain variable region) antibodies are being used to treat patients with the thrombotic disorder and rheumatoid arthritis; however, no VHHs are currently being used to treat cancer patients. The purpose of this review is to discuss VHHs that have been developed to target intracellular oncoproteins such as KRAS and STAT3 for cancer therapy.

Recent Findings
Various groups are working on optimizing cell-penetrating antibodies to target intracellular KRAS and STAT3 but are using non-VHH platforms. SBT-100 is a monomeric, bi-specific VHH that penetrates the cell membrane and BBB to give a therapeutic response against human cancers.
Quinoa and Chia Modulate AMPK/PPAR-ɣ Signaling in High-Fat Diet–Induced Obesity Rat Model
Authors: Omran Nayra Helmy , El-Bahy Alshaymaa A. Z. , Hosny Heba Tallah Ashraf , Handoussa Heba 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObesity is one of the principal reasons behind a wide range of metabolic diseases and dramatic health complications. Recent studies shed the light on chia (Salvia hispanica L., Lamiaceae) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd., Amaranthaceae) seeds and identified them as products of utmost health benefits. The present study was designed to explore the molecular mechanisms of the hydroalcoholic extract of those seeds in weight management. Rats were divided randomly into two main groups: control and treated. The control groups received regular chow diet, high-fat diet, and green tea. The treated groups received high-fat diet and chia or quinoa extracts. Results revealed that the seeds showed hepatoprotective effects and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, and modulated leptin, adiponectin, serum lipid, and glycemic profiles. Effects are further consolidated by normal hepatic tissue architecture upon histopathological examination. Moreover, modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ transcriptional activity via activation of 5′AMP-activated protein kinase and suppression of nuclear expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c in obese rats as compared to green tea were demonstrated. Characterization of the major secondary bioactive metabolites was done using HPLC/PDA/ESI-MS/MS. Our study advocates evidence-based study on nutrition and health claims on the use of chia and quinoa extracts as nutraceutical supplements for promoting weight wellness and alleviating its related metabolic disorders.
Clonal evolution analyses of a chronic myeloid leukemia patient with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation based on deep sequencing
Authors: Yang Fuhua , Wang Ping , Wan Jia , Jia Xiaoqing , Zhou An , Zhang Yuan , Song Jiani , Gong Qiang , Li Wei-Dong , Chen Jieping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome is the hallmark chromosome aberration in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), which confers the cancer phenotype of the disease. However, how the Ph chromosome forms and the genetic clonal evolution structure after targeted Ph treatment are still unclear.

Methods
In this study, we performed genome sequencing and clonal evolution analyses in a series of bone marrow specimens and skin biopsy from a CML patient who had received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from her sister, then relapsed (lymphoid blast crisis), and received Ph-targeted therapy.

Results
The Ph chromosome was the “driver” clonal change in the original CML and the relapse. Both the patient and her sister had micro-deletions in the BCR gene region; however, the patient had a frameshift BRIP1 mutation that may account for the malfunctioning homologous recombination DNA repair of the BCR gene region and formation of the Ph chromosome.

Conclusion
We found that the BCR-ABL1 translocation was the driving force of the patient’s CML and relapse. The malfunctioning double-strand DNA break repair caused by the BRIP1 mutation could be the cause of Ph chromosome formation in the patient.
Environmental and techno-economic evaluation for hybrid-electric propulsion architectures
Authors: Nasoulis C.P. , Protopapadakis G. , Ntouvelos E.G. , Gkoutzamanis V.G. , Kalfas A.I. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHybrid-electric propulsion is a promising alternative to sustainable aviation and is mainly considered for the commuter and regional aircraft class. However, the development of hybrid-electric propulsion variants is affected by the technology readiness level of electric components. The components’ technology will determine the electrification benefit, compared to a conventional aircraft, and will suggest which is the most beneficial variant and which has a closer entry into service date. Within this work, three different dates are explored, namely 2027, 2030 and 2040, to size three Parallel and three Series hybrid-electric architecture variants using an in-house aircraft sizing tool. All variants are compared to a conventional configuration sized using technological assumptions of 2014, with the main comparison metrics being the aircraft block fuel, energy consumption, direct operating cost and holistic environmental impact. On one hand, the Parallel configurations have reduced maximum take-off mass and mission energy consumption compared to the Series, however, the latter show a greater potential for block fuel reduction and require less onboard energy for the same mission. The annual operating cost evaluation indicates that the Parallel hybrid variant of 2030 has greater operational costs than the respective Series variant; however, it has reduced capital costs compared to the latter, making it more economical to operate considering both costs. Additionally, in the case of an energy recession, both hybrid variants of 2030 show a further cost reduction, with the Series having a total reduction of 10.4% excluding capital costs, compared to the reference aircraft. Moreover, the life cycle assessment shows that the Series variants have a lower environmental impact, both compared to the reference aircraft and the Parallel variants. The former could be up to 59.7% less detrimental to the environment than the reference aircraft, whereas the latter up to 23.9%, with the integration of renewable sources for electricity production. Finally, by the year 2040, the Series variant shows outstanding performance in all comparison metrics, compared to the Parallel and the reference aircraft.
Extracting Profits: State Regulation and the Canadian Ombudsperson for Responsible Enterprise
Authors: Johnston Kristine , Bittle Steven 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTaking the Canadian Ombudsperson for Responsible Enterprise (CORE) as its focus, this paper critically examines the Canadian government’s efforts to regulate the extractive industry. Using insight from ideology theory and critical discourse analysis, and drawing empirically from Canadian Parliamentary debates, official government and NGO reports, and various news items regarding the development of the CORE, we document how dominant voices prioritized the economy, downplayed the systemic violence of the industry, and redirected blame to “underdeveloped” countries, on route to a regulatory framework that is voluntary and which fails to address the underlying causes of corporate harm and violence. While the CORE represents a “logical” state response to corporate crime, we nevertheless emphasize the importance of ongoing debates about its role in combating corporate impunity. This not only reinforces the idea that (capitalist) dominance is never absolute but signals the ever-present nature of resistance and possibility for change.
Dogmatism and Domination: A Simulation Study
Authors: Lassiter Charles 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSome epistemic agents will not change their position on a claim. These are dogmatists, common creatures in our epistemic communities. This paper discusses the population-level epistemic effects of increasing numbers of dogmatists. All agents in the model are assigned a degree of belief (using a Likert-type scale) and adopt the beliefs of others in interactions. Subsets of agents are dogmatists. Analysis of model results suggests that even a modest increase in a group's dogmatists can have substantial effects on belief spread. I conclude by arguing that the model (a) helps identify two kinds of dogmatists and (b) suggests another way epistemic bubbles can form.
Unfamiliar personal protective equipment: The role of routine practice and other factors affecting healthcare personnel doffing strategies
Authors: Chasco Emily E. , Pereira da Silva Jaqueline , Dukes Kimberly , Baloh Jure , Ward Melissa , Salehi Hugh P. , Reisinger Heather Schacht , Pennathur Priyadarshini R. , Herwaldt Loreen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground:Healthcare personnel (HCP) may encounter unfamiliar personal protective equipment (PPE) during clinical duties, yet we know little about their doffing strategies in such situations.Objective:To better understand how HCP navigate encounters with unfamiliar PPE and the factors that influence their doffing strategies.Setting:The study was conducted at 2 Midwestern academic hospitals.Participants:The study included 70 HCP: 24 physicians and resident physicians, 31 nurses, 5 medical or nursing students, and 10 other staff. Among them, 20 had special isolation unit training.Methods:Participants completed 1 of 4 doffing simulation scenarios involving 3 mask designs, 2 gown designs, 2 glove designs, and a full PPE ensemble. Doffing simulations were video-recorded and reviewed with participants during think-aloud interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed using thematic analysis.Results:Participants identified familiarity with PPE items and designs as an important factor in doffing. When encountering unfamiliar PPE, participants cited aspects of their routine practices such as designs typically used, donning and doffing frequency, and design cues, and their training as impacting their doffing strategies. Furthermore, they identified nonintuitive design and lack of training as barriers to doffing unfamiliar PPE appropriately.Conclusion:PPE designs may not be interchangeable, and their use may not be intuitive. HCP drew on routine practices, experiences with familiar PPE, and training to adapt doffing strategies for unfamiliar PPE. In doing so, HCP sometimes deviated from best practices meant to prevent self-contamination. Hospital policies and procedures should include ongoing and/or just-in-time training to ensure HCP are equipped to doff different PPE designs encountered during clinical care.
Early Maya E Groups, the Milky Way, and creation
Authors: Rice Prudence M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractI propose a “Milky Way / creation hypothesis” for the elongated eastern structures in early Maya E Groups: they were modeled on the Milky Way galaxy. These architectural arrangements, beginning in the Preclassic period (c. 900 B.C.–A.D. 200) in the southern Maya Lowlands, were adopted from predecessors in the Early Preclassic neighboring Gulf Coast region. The widespread overall similarity of E Groups suggests a shared belief system centered on myths about creation, and many of the characters (e.g., Maize God) and events of creation in Maya myths are set in the Milky Way. The general north–south axial orientation of the eastern platform, frequently pivoted northeast–southwest, is proposed to be related to the rainy season position of the Milky Way overhead. E Groups were probably multifunctional ritual theaters, the eastern platforms serving as stages for nighttime performances of creation stories. Late modifications into a tripart edifice, with structures or superstructures in the center and at both ends, replicated the major asterisms of the visible galaxy and/or the creator gods.
Acute onset of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency after total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair to a 2-day-old neonate
Authors: Yoshida Hisashi , Iwata Yusuke , Fuchigami Tai , Katagiri Junko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOrnithine transcarbamylase deficiency is an X-linked disorder which results in the accumulation of ammonia causing irritability and vomiting. Acute hyperammonemia requires rapid and intensive intervention. However, as those clinical features are non-specific and commonly seen in peri-operative situation, ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency could be difficult to diagnose prior to and post-emergency cardiac surgery. We report a 2-day-old male neonate who was diagnosed with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency presenting hyperammonemia and severe heart failure after total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair.
Auto-balanced common shock claim models
Authors: Taylor Greg , Vu Phuong Anh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe paper is concerned with common shock models of claim triangles. These are usually constructed as linear combinations of shock components and idiosyncratic components. Previous literature has discussed the unbalanced property of such models, whereby the shocks may over- or under-contribute to some observations. The literature has also introduced corrections for this. The present paper discusses “auto-balanced” models, in which all shock and idiosyncratic components contribute to observations such that their proportionate contributions are constant from one observation to another. The conditions for auto-balance are found to be simple and applicable to a wide range of model structures. Numerical illustrations are given.
PKD phosphorylation and COP9/Signalosome modulate intracellular Spry2 protein stability
Authors: Martínez Natalia , Gragera Teresa , de Lucas María Pilar , Cámara Ana Belén , Ballester Alicia , Anta Berta , Fernández-Medarde Alberto , López-Briones Tania , Ortega Judith , Peña-Jiménez Daniel , Barbáchano Antonio , Montero-Calle Ana , Cordero Víctor , Barderas Rodrigo , Iglesias Teresa , Yunta Mónica , Oliva José Luís , Muñoz Alberto , Santos Eugenio , Zarich Natasha , Rojas-Cabañeros José M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSpry2 is a molecular modulator of tyrosine kinase receptor signaling pathways that has cancer-type-specific effects. Mammalian Spry2 protein undergoes tyrosine and serine phosphorylation in response to growth factor stimulation. Spry2 expression is distinctly altered in various cancer types. Inhibition of the proteasome functionality results in reduced intracellular Spry2 degradation. Using in vitro and in vivo assays, we show that protein kinase D (PKD) phosphorylates Spry2 at serine 112 and interacts in vivo with the C-terminal half of this protein. Importantly, missense mutation of Ser112 decreases the rate of Spry2 intracellular protein degradation. Either knocking down the expression of all three mammalian PKD isoforms or blocking their kinase activity with a specific inhibitor contributes to the stabilization of Spry2 wild-type protein. Downregulation of CSN3, a component of the COP9/Signalosome that binds PKD, significantly increases the half-life of Spry2 wild-type protein but does not affect the stability of a Spry2 after mutating Ser112 to the non-phosphorylatable residue alanine. Our data demonstrate that both PKD and the COP9/Signalosome play a significant role in control of Spry2 intracellular stability and support the consideration of the PKD/COP9 complex as a potential therapeutic target in tumors where Spry2 expression is reduced.
Mutation-induced infections of phage-plasmids
Authors: Shan Xiaoyu , Szabo Rachel E. , Cordero Otto X. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhage-plasmids are extra-chromosomal elements that act both as plasmids and as phages, whose eco-evolutionary dynamics remain poorly constrained. Here, we show that segregational drift and loss-of-function mutations play key roles in the infection dynamics of a cosmopolitan phage-plasmid, allowing it to create continuous productive infections in a population of marine Roseobacter. Recurrent loss-of-function mutations in the phage repressor that controls prophage induction leads to constitutively lytic phage-plasmids that spread rapidly throughout the population. The entire phage-plasmid genome is packaged into virions, which were horizontally transferred by re-infecting lysogenized cells, leading to an increase in phage-plasmid copy number and to heterozygosity in a phage repressor locus in re-infected cells. However, the uneven distribution of phage-plasmids after cell division (i.e., segregational drift) leads to the production of offspring carrying only the constitutively lytic phage-plasmid, thus restarting the lysis-reinfection-segregation life cycle. Mathematical models and experiments show that these dynamics lead to a continuous productive infection of the bacterial population, in which lytic and lysogenic phage-plasmids coexist. Furthermore, analyses of marine bacterial genome sequences indicate that the plasmid backbone here can carry different phages and disseminates trans-continentally. Our study highlights how the interplay between phage infection and plasmid genetics provides a unique eco-evolutionary strategy for phage-plasmids.
Unintended cation crossover influences CO2 reduction selectivity in Cu-based zero-gap electrolysers
Authors: El-Nagar Gumaa A. , Haun Flora , Gupta Siddharth , Stojkovikj Sasho , Mayer Matthew T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMembrane electrode assemblies enable CO2electrolysis at industrially relevant rates, yet their operational stability is often limited by formation of solid precipitates in the cathode pores, triggered by cation crossover from the anolyte due to imperfect ion exclusion by anion exchange membranes. Here we show that anolyte concentration affects the degree of cation movement through the membranes, and this substantially influences the behaviors of copper catalysts in catholyte-free CO2electrolysers. Systematic variation of the anolyte (KOH or KHCO3) ionic strength produced a distinct switch in selectivity between either predominantly CO or C2+products (mainly C2H4) which closely correlated with the quantity of alkali metal cation (K+) crossover, suggesting cations play a key role in C-C coupling reaction pathways even in cells without discrete liquid catholytes. Operando X-ray absorption and quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the Cu surface speciation showed a strong dependence on the anolyte concentration, wherein dilute anolytes resulted in a mixture of Cu+and Cu0surface species, while concentrated anolytes led to exclusively Cu0under similar testing conditions. These results show that even in catholyte-free cells, cation effects (including unintentional ones) significantly influence reaction pathways, important to consider in future development of catalysts and devices.
The impact of land use on non-native species incidence and number in local assemblages worldwide
Authors: Liu Daijun , Semenchuk Philipp , Essl Franz , Lenzner Bernd , Moser Dietmar , Blackburn Tim M. , Cassey Phillip , Biancolini Dino , Capinha César , Dawson Wayne , Dyer Ellie E. , Guénard Benoit , Economo Evan P. , Kreft Holger , Pergl Jan , Pyšek Petr , van Kleunen Mark , Nentwig Wolfgang , Rondinini Carlo , Seebens Hanno , Weigelt Patrick , Winter Marten , Purvis Andy , Dullinger Stefan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhile the regional distribution of non-native species is increasingly well documented for some taxa, global analyses of non-native species in local assemblages are still missing. Here, we use a worldwide collection of assemblages from five taxa - ants, birds, mammals, spiders and vascular plants - to assess whether the incidence, frequency and proportions of naturalised non-native species depend on type and intensity of land use. In plants, assemblages of primary vegetation are least invaded. In the other taxa, primary vegetation is among the least invaded land-use types, but one or several other types have equally low levels of occurrence, frequency and proportions of non-native species. High land use intensity is associated with higher non-native incidence and frequency in primary vegetation, while intensity effects are inconsistent for other land-use types. These findings highlight the potential dual role of unused primary vegetation in preserving native biodiversity and in conferring resistance against biological invasions.