bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of uncomplicated assistive devices with older people: A pretest-post-test intervention study in a small community
Authors: Jacobsen Turi\dh Barbara , Haanes Gro Gade , Petersen Maria Skaalum 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Only a few studies have investigated the effects of assistive devices (ADs) from the user’s perspective. This knowledge is important for clinical and policy decision-making. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to determine to what extent older people experience less difficulty in performing daily activities after having received uncomplicated ADs such as bath chairs and rollators. METHODS: The study had a pretest – post-test intervention design where the outcomes were evaluated using the Individually Prioritized Problem Assessment (IPPA) and analyzed with paired t-tests. Effect sizes (ES) were interpreted according to Cohen’s d. People aged ⩾ 67 years with sufficient cognitive or hearing functioning necessary to participate in an interview were included. RESULTS: This study enrolled 52 home-dwelling persons aged 69–93 years. Baseline IPPA score was 17.29 ± 4.27 points (mean ± standard deviation), follow-up score 9.29 ± 4.47 points, indicating a significant reduction in the mean difficulty score of 8.64 points (95% confidence interval: 7.37–9.81 points) (p⩽ 0.001). The ES at the group level was 1.57 and varied from no to large effect. CONCLUSIONS: Receiving uncomplicated ADs significantly reduced the difficulties experienced by older people. However, the large variations in the ES highlight the importance of providing individually tailored training programs for mobility ADs, which should be considered in further outcome studies.
TEACHING MATERIALS IN THE TEXTBOOK ENTITLED, “WHEN ENGLISH RINGS THE BELL” FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS YEAR VII
Authors: Sari Rosi Kumala 
Published: February 2023

This study was a descriptive study aimed at describing the the quality of the textbook entitled, “When English Rings The Bell” for Junior High School Students Year VII in providing English teaching material to improve students’ English Knowledge competence.The researcher analyse this book based on the theory from Howard and Major (2010) about good teaching material in English language teaching. The subject of this study is the textbook entitled, “When English Rings The Bell” for Junior High School Students Year VII”. The sources of data of this study were collected by questionnaire and interview from respondents. The respondents were one english teachers from SMP 1 Padang and SMP 31 Padang. The result of this study showed that the respondents had same perception that the quality of the textbook entitled, “When English Rings The Bell” for Junior High School Students Year VII was poor in providing the English Teaching Material to improve students’ knowledge about WH questions.
THE USE OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN A HEAD FULL OF DREAMS ALBUM BY COLDPLAY
Authors: Umam Akhmad Hairul , Nuraeni Cicih , Yunus Yunus 
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the types of figurative language, the most dominant, and the contextual meaning of figurative used in lyrics of Coldplay’s Album song entitled A Head Full of Dreams. The research uses a qualitative method that describes the analysis factually, accurately and systematically. Figurative language is a language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation. Based on research findings, there are six types of figurative language used in A Head Full of Dreams Album by Coldplay. They are hyperbole, metaphor, personification, simile, irony and symbol. Awhile the most dominant type of figurative language is hyperbole stated in 34 lyrics. So, the contextual meaning of A Head Full of Dreams Album by Coldplay is giving a lot of relationships, memories, and social lives. Keywords: figurative language, song, contextual meaning.
SENTENCE STRUCTURE ON THE ENGLISH LITERATURE STUDENTS’ THESIS ABSTRACT
Authors: Utami Silvia 
Published: February 2023

The thesis abstract is the opening section of the thesis, and it serves to convey the research's substance in a concise manner. Even though it is less than 200 words long, it contains important information, and well-constructed sentences are required while writing thesis abstracts. The objective of this study was to categorize the sentence structure produced by English literature students' in the thesis abstracts into two categories: grammatical and ungrammatical sentences, and to present the ungrammatical sentence structure in a tree diagram by using Phrase Structure Rules (PSRs) by Carnie (2013). This study was descriptive qualitative research that is concerned with structures and patterns especially the sentence patterns. The findings showed that most sentences were constructed in ungrammatical structure with 61% of total sentences and 39% of grammatical structure. Ungrammatical sentences were mostly caused by issues with noun agreement, to-infinitive, prepositions, and articles. This study concluded that students need to improve their linguistic competence by learning linguistic concepts about the sentence structure, and its effect on the meaning.
INTEGRATING ICT IN EFL CLASSROOM
Authors: Meldia Putri , Zakir Supratman 
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the difficulties teachers face in integrating ICT into the teaching and learning English at Islamic Junior High School. As an example, learning innovations that use ICT are no longer in phase 4.0, but are now in phase 5.0, which means that ICT is being used in all fields. Following these advancements, the integration of ICT in education has become a necessity in today's world. As a result, this fact necessitates that teachers be capable of using ICT in the classroom. However, in the field, researchers discovered a number of barriers to teachers' use of ICT in the classroom. This study takes a qualitative approach: case study. This researh focuses on observations and interviews with one English teacher in order to obtain more detailed results. This study's informant is an English teacher. The lack of training on integrating ICT into the teaching and learning process of English in the classroom, competencies, equipment, computer support, time management, and technical skills were all identified as barriers to English teachers integrating ICT. The results suggest that teachers encounter difficulties and barriers when attempting to integrate ICT into the classroom's English teaching and learning process.
HYPERICUM SCABRUM EKSTRESİNİN ANTİOKSİDAN, ENZİM İNHİBİTÖR AKTİVİTESİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ VE YBSK ANALİZİ
Authors: GÖK Hasya Nazlı , BULUT Semih , DELİORMAN ORHAN Didem 
Published: February 2023

Amaç: Diyabet ve obezite günümüzün en yaygın sağlık problemleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu problemlerin tedavisi için yeni ilaç kaynaklarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Toplumda geleneksel olarak kullanımı ile bilinen Hypericum scabrum bitkisi bu araştırmanın konusu olmuştur. Araştırma kapsamında H. scabrum bitkisinin toprak üstü kısımlarından hazırlanan etanol (%80) ekstresinin, antioksidan, antidiyabetik, anti-obezite, antikolesterol aktiviteleri ile fitokimyasal içeriğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: H. scabrum bitkisinin toprak üstü kısımlarından hazırlanan etanol (%80) ekstresinin toplam fenol, toplam flavonoit miktar tayini yapılmış ve fitokimyasal içerik değerlendirilmiştir. Aynı zamanda ekstre içeriğinde bulunan fenolik ve flavonoit bileşenler ters faz YBSK ile araştırılarak miktar tayini gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ekstrenin antioksidan etkisi DPPH radikal süpürücü etki, metal bağlama kapasite, demir indirgeme gücü, ABTS radikal süpürücü etki, toplam antioksidan kapasite testleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Ekstrenin antidiyabetik etkisinin araştırılmasında a-glukozidaz ve a-amilaz enzim inhibitör aktiviteleri incelenmiştir. Anti-obezite, lipit metobolizma üzerinde etkilerinin araştırılmasında sırasıyla pankreatik lipaz ve kolesterol esteraz enzim inhibitör aktiviteleri incelenmiştir.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Ekstre 2 mg/ml konsantasyonda %90.16 ± 0.13 DPPH radikal süpürücü etki ve %97.53 ± 0.22 ABTS radikal süpürücü etki göstermiştir. Ekstre 2 mg/ml konsantrasyonda a-glukozidaz enzimi üzerinde %98.80 ± 0.51 inhibitör etki göstermiş olup, bu değer standart madde olarak kullanılan akarboza (%99.13 ± 0.11) yakın bulunmuştur. Ekstre 2 mg/ml konsantrasyonda kolesterol esteraz enzimi üzerinde %68.63 ± 1.05 inhibitör etki göstermiştir. Ters faz YBSK analiz sonucuna göre ekstrenin 1.047 ± 0.000 g/100 g ekstre klorojenik asit içerdiği bulunmuştur. Bu bulgulara göre ekstrenin antidiyabetik etkili doğal bir kaynak olabileceği ve bu etkinin incelenmesi için daha ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Changes of aortic hemodynamics after aortic valve replacement—A four dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance follow up study
Authors: Wiesemann Stephanie , Trauzeddel Ralf Felix , Musa Ahmed , Hickstein Richard , Mayr Thomas , von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff Florian , Bollache Emilie , Markl Michael , Schulz-Menger Jeanette 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesNon-invasive assessment of aortic hemodynamics using four dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides new information on blood flow patterns and wall shear stress (WSS). Aortic valve stenosis (AS) and/or bicuspid aortic valves (BAV) are associated with altered aortic flow patterns and elevated WSS. Aim of this study was to investigate changes in aortic hemodynamics over time in patients with AS and/or BAV with or without aortic valve replacement.MethodsWe rescheduled 20 patients for a second 4D flow MRI examination, whose first examination was at least 3 years prior. A total of 7 patients received an aortic valve replacement between baseline and follow up examination (=operated group = OP group). Aortic flow patterns (helicity/vorticity) were assessed using a semi-quantitative grading approach from 0 to 3, flow volumes were evaluated in 9 planes, WSS in 18 and peak velocity in 3 areas.ResultsWhile most patients had vortical and/or helical flow formations within the aorta, there was no significant change over time. Ascending aortic forward flow volumes were significantly lower in the OP group than in the NOP group at baseline (NOP 69.3 mL ± 14.2 mL vs. OP 55.3 mL ± 1.9 mL p = 0.029). WSS in the outer ascending aorta was significantly higher in the OP group than in the NOP group at baseline (NOP 0.6 ± 0.2 N/m2 vs. OP 0.8 ± 0.2 N/m2, p = 0.008). Peak velocity decreased from baseline to follow up in the aortic arch only in the OP group (1.6 ± 0.6 m/s vs. 1.2 ± 0.3 m/s, p = 0.018).ConclusionAortic valve replacement influences aortic hemodynamics. The parameters improve after surgery.
Statistical analysis of electric field perturbations in ELF based on the CSES observation data before the earthquake
Authors: Zhang Fu-Zhi , Huang Jian-Ping , Li Zhong , Shen Xu-Hui , Li Wen-Jing , Wang Qiao , Zeren Zhima , Liu Jin-Lai , Li Zong-Yu , Chen Zhao-Yang 
Published: February 2023

To explore the correlation between earthquakes and the pre-earthquake ionospheric shallow frequency (ELF) electric field perturbations phenomenon, the paper investigated the pre-earthquake ionospheric perturbations phenomenon, and then the Spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the electromagnetic field before and after the global Ms ≥6.0 strong earthquakes from 2019 to 2021 were statistically analyzed. In this paper, the power spectrum data of the ELF (19.5–250 Hz) band of ionospheric electric field observed by the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) electric field detector are preclinically processed by the C-value method. A stable background field observation model was constructed using the data from 75 to 45 days before the earthquake observed by the CSES in the range of 15° above the epicenter. Then, the amplitude of the spatial electric field disturbance over the epicenter relative to the background field is extracted. Finally, the superposition analysis method statistically analyzes the spatial and temporal evolution of the spatial electric field before and after the earthquake with different characteristics. The statistical results show that the anomalies first appear in the fourth period (15–19 days before the earthquake) and the third period (10–14 days before the earthquake) and then reach the most vital and most evident during the pro-earthquake period (4 days before the earthquake and the day of the earthquake); In terms of the intensity of the anomalies caused, the magnitude seven earthquakes are stronger than the magnitude 6.0–7.0 earthquakes, and marine earthquakes are stronger than land earthquakes; in terms of the ease of observing the anomalies, the magnitude 7.0 and above are more accessible to observe than the magnitude 6.0–7.0 earthquakes, and marine earthquakes are more accessible to observe than land earthquakes.
An application of Bayesian inference to examine student retention and attrition in the STEM classroom
Authors: Bertolini Roberto , Finch Stephen J. , Nehm Ross H. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionAs artificial intelligence (AI) technology becomes more widespread in the classroom environment, educators have relied on data-driven machine learning (ML) techniques and statistical frameworks to derive insights into student performance patterns. Bayesian methodologies have emerged as a more intuitive approach to frequentist methods of inference since they link prior assumptions and data together to provide a quantitative distribution of final model parameter estimates. Despite their alignment with four recent ML assessment criteria developed in the educational literature, Bayesian methodologies have received considerably less attention by academic stakeholders prompting the need to empirically discern how these techniques can be used to provide actionable insights into student performance.MethodsTo identify the factors most indicative of student retention and attrition, we apply a Bayesian framework to comparatively examine the differential impact that the amalgamation of traditional and AI-driven predictors has on student performance in an undergraduate in-person science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) course.ResultsInteraction with the course learning management system (LMS) and performance on diagnostic concept inventory (CI) assessments provided the greatest insights into final course performance. Establishing informative prior values using historical classroom data did not always appreciably enhance model fit.DiscussionWe discuss how Bayesian methodologies are a more pragmatic and interpretable way of assessing student performance and are a promising tool for use in science education research and assessment.
The IgH Eµ-MAR regions promote UNG-dependent error-prone repair to optimize somatic hypermutation
Authors: Martin Ophélie A. , Thomas Morgane , Marquet Marie , Bruzeau Charlotte , Garot Armand , Brousse Mylène , Bender Sébastien , Carrion Claire , Choi Jee Eun , Vuong Bao Q. , Gearhart Patricia J. , Maul Robert W. , Le Noir Sandrine , Pinaud Eric 
Published: February 2023

IntoductionTwo scaffold/matrix attachment regions (5’- and 3’-MARsEµ) flank the intronic core enhancer (cEµ) within the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus (IgH). Besides their conservation in mice and humans, the physiological role of MARsEµ is still unclear and their involvement in somatic hypermutation (SHM) has never been deeply evaluated.MethodsOur study analyzed SHM and its transcriptional control in a mouse model devoid of MARsEµ, further combined to relevant models deficient for base excision repair and mismatch repair.ResultsWe observed an inverted substitution pattern in of MARsEµ-deficient animals: SHM being decreased upstream from cEµ and increased downstream of it. Strikingly, the SHM defect induced by MARsEµ-deletion was accompanied by an increase of sense transcription of the IgH V region, excluding a direct transcription-coupled effect. Interestingly, by breeding to DNA repair-deficient backgrounds, we showed that the SHM defect, observed upstream from cEµ in this model, was not due to a decrease in AID deamination but rather the consequence of a defect in base excision repair-associated unfaithful repair process.DiscussionOur study pointed out an unexpected “fence” function of MARsEµ regions in limiting the error-prone repair machinery to the variable region of Ig gene loci.
Dietary fiber alters immunity and intestinal barrier function of different breeds of growing pigs
Authors: Ding Sujuan , Cheng Yating , Azad Md. Abul Kalam , Dong Haibo , He Jun , Huang Pan , Kong Xiangfeng 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionDietary fiber (DF) regulates immune response and barrier function by interacting with epithelial cells and immune cells. However, the differences in the regulation of intestinal health of different pig breeds by DF remain obscure.MethodsA total of 60 healthy pigs (20 pigs/breed) from Taoyuan black (TB), Xiangcun black (XB), and Duroc (DR) pigs (body weight = 11.00 ± 1.00 kg) were fed two different levels (low and high) of DF for 28 days to evaluate the differences in the modulation of intestinal immunity and barrier function by DF in different pig breeds.ResultsTB and XB pigs had higher plasma Eos level, Eos%, and Lym% but lower Neu level compared with the DR pigs when fed low DF (LDF). The TB and XB pigs had higher plasma Eos, MCV, and MCH levels and Eos% while lower Neu% compared with the DR pigs when fed high DF (HDF). HDF decreased IgA, IgG, IgM, and sIgA concentrations in the ileum of TB and XB pigs compared with the DR pigs, while the plasma IgG and IgM concentrations of TB pigs were higher than those of the DR pigs. Moreover, compared with the DR pigs, HDF decreased the levels of IL-1β, IL-17, and TGF-β in the plasma, and IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, TGF-β, and TNF-α in the ileum of TB and XB pigs. However, HDF did not affect the mRNA expression of cytokines in the ileum of TB, XB, and DR pigs, while HDF increased the TRAF6 expression of TB pigs compared with the DR pigs. In addition, HDF increased the Claudin abundance of TB and DR pigs compared with the pigs feeding with LDF. Moreover, in the LDF and HDF groups, the XB pigs had higher protein abundances of Claudin and ZO-1 compared with the TB and DR pigs.ConclusionsDF regulated the TB and DR pigs’ plasma immune cells, the XB pigs showed enhanced barrier function, and the DR pigs had increased ileal inflammation, which indicates that Chinese indigenous pigs are more DF tolerant than the DR pigs.
MgO NPs catalyzed the synthesis of novel pyridin-3-yl-pyrimidin-2-yl-aminophenyl-amide derivatives and evaluation of pharmacokinetic profiles and biological activity
Authors: Gani Ibtihal Haitham , Al-Obaidi Zaid 
Published: February 2023

In this study, novel pyridin-3-yl-pyrimidin-2-yl-aminophenyl-amide derivatives using two methods, namely, using trimethylamine as a classical method and using magnesium oxide nanoparticles, were synthesized. Biological activities of the derivatives such as inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinase, pharmacokinetics profiles, anticancer activity against lung cancer, antibacterial and antifungal activity against specialized aquatic bacterial species, Gram-positive and Gram-negative species, and fungal species, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The structures of synthetic derivatives were confirmed using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectra and elemental analysis. The results showed that these compounds possess more cytotoxic activity than the reference drug (i.e., imatinib). Furthermore, compound IIB gives ten-fold lower IC50 values (0.229 μM) than imatinib (2.479 μM) when tested against (A549) lung cancer cell lines employing MTT assay. To investigate antibacterial and antifungal activities, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) parameters were evaluated, and derivative IIC showed the highest activity (MIC 16–128 μg/mL), which can be attributed to its structure. In addition, the antibacterial and antifungal properties of the derivatives were higher than some drugs. The antioxidant property of the derivatives was studied by using the DPPH (2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) method, and the results showed that the evaluated IC50 value was close to the IC50 value of ascorbic acid (4.45–4.83 μg/mL).
Exercise sustains motor function in Parkinson's disease: Evidence from 109 randomized controlled trials on over 4,600 patients
Authors: Zhang Meiqi , Li Fang , Wang Dongyu , Ba Xiaohong , Liu Zhan 
Published: February 2023

Physical exercise has been widely identified as a supplementary therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). Evaluating changes in motor function over long-term periods of exercise and comparing efficacy of various exercise types will enable a better understanding of the effects of exercise on PD. In the current study, a total of 109 studies that covered 14 types of exercise were included in the analyses, enrolling 4,631 PD patients. The results of meta-regression revealed that chronic exercise delays the progression of PD motor symptoms, mobility, and balance decline deterioration, whereas for the non-exercise PD groups, motor function progressively decline. Results from network meta-analyses suggest that dancing is the optimal exercise for general motor symptoms of PD. Furthermore, Nordic walking is the most efficient exercise to mobility and balance performance. The results from network meta-analyses also suggest that Qigong may have specific benefit in improving hand function. The findings of the current study provide further evidence that chronic exercise preserves the progression of motor function decline in PD and suggest that dancing, yoga, multimodal training, Nordic walking, aquatic training, exercise gaming, and Qigong are effective PD exercises.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=276264, identifier: CRD42021276264.
Steroid treatment response to post SARS-CoV-2 PANS symptoms: Case series
Authors: Berloffa Stefano , Salvati Andrea , Pantalone Gloria , Falcioni Ludovica , Rizzi Micaela M. , Naldini Francesca , Masi Gabriele , Gagliano Antonella 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundPediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is characterized by a wide spectrum of symptoms, including the onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder and/or severely restricted food intake, associated with emotional symptoms, behavioral symptoms, developmental regression, and somatic symptoms. Among the possible triggering agents, infectious agents have been extensively explored. More recently, sporadic case reports describe a possible association between PANS and SARS-CoV-2 infection but data on clinical presentation and treatment are still scarce.MethodsWe describe a case series (10 children) with acute onset or relapse of PANS symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Standardized measures (CBCL, CPRS, C-GAS, CGI-S, Y-BOCS, PANSS, and YGTSS) were used to describe the clinical picture. The efficacy of a pulse treatment with steroids for three consecutive months was assessed.ResultsOur data suggest that the clinical presentation of the COVID-19-triggered PANS is largely similar to that reported in typical PANS, including acute onset, with OCD and/or eating disorders, and associated symptoms. Our data suggest that treatment with corticosteroids may be beneficial for both global clinical severity and global functioning. No serious adverse effects were observed. Both OCD symptoms and tics consistently improved. Among psychiatric symptoms, affective and oppositional symptoms appeared more sensitive to the steroid treatment than the other symptoms.ConclusionOur study confirms that COVID-19 infection in children and adolescents could trigger acute-onset neuropsychiatric symptoms. Thus, in children and adolescents with COVID-19, a specific neuropsychiatric follow-up should be routinely included. Even if a small sample size and a follow-up with only two points (baseline and endpoint, after 8 weeks) limit the conclusions, it seems that steroid treatment in the acute phase may be beneficial and well tolerated.