bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between chronic conditions and death in hospital among adults (aged 20+ years) during first acute care hospitalizations with a confirmed or suspected COVID-19 diagnosis in Canada
Authors: Zakaria Dianne , Aziz Samina , Bartholomew Sharon , Park Su-Bin , Robitaille Cynthia , Weeks Murray 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
We aimed to quantify life course-specific associations between death in hospital and 30 chronic conditions, and comorbidity among them, in adults (aged 20+ years) during their first acute care hospitalization with a confirmed or suspected COVID-19 diagnosis in Canada.

Methods
We identified 35,519 first acute care hospitalizations with a confirmed or suspected COVID-19 diagnosis in the Discharge Abstract Database as of March 31, 2021. For each of five life-course age groups (20–34, 35–49, 50–64, 65–79, and 80+ years), we used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations between death in hospital and 30 chronic conditions, comorbidity, period of admission, and pregnant status, after adjusting for sex and age.

Results
About 20.9% of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 died in hospital. Conditions most strongly associated with in-hospital death varied across the life course. Chronic liver disease, other nervous system disorders, and obesity were statistically significantly associated (α = 0.05) with in-hospital death in the 20–34 to 65–79 year age groups, but the magnitude of the associations decreased as age increased. Stroke (aOR = 5.24, 95% CI: 2.63, 9.83) and other inflammatory rheumatic diseases (aOR = 4.37, 95% CI: 1.64, 10.26) were significantly associated with in-hospital death among 35 to 49 year olds only. Among 50+ year olds, more chronic conditions were significantly associated with in-hospital death, but the magnitude of the associations were generally weaker except for Down syndrome in the 50 to 64 (aOR = 8.49, 95% CI: 4.28, 16.28) and 65 to 79 year age groups (aOR = 5.19, 95% CI: 1.44, 20.91). Associations between comorbidity and death also attenuated with age. Among 20 to 34 year olds, the likelihood of death was 19 times greater (aOR = 18.69, 95% CI: 7.69, 48.24) in patients with three or more conditions compared to patients with none of the conditions, while for 80+ year olds the likelihood of death was two times greater (aOR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.70, 2.45) for patients with six or more conditions compared to patients with none of the conditions.

Conclusion
Conditions most strongly associated with in-hospital death among hospitalized adults with COVID-19 vary across the life course, and the impact of chronic conditions and comorbidity attenuate with age.
Benefícios do silício orgânico como ativo cosmético na prevenção do envelhecimento cutâneo / Benefits of organic silicon as a cosmetic active in the prevention of skin aging
Authors: Cordeiro Beatriz Moreira , Machado Karina Elisa , Weickert Luana Menezes 
Published: January 2023

: O envelhecimento é um processo natural, caracterizado por alterações morfológicas, bioquímicas e fisiológicas que ocorrem progressivamente no decorrer do tempo. Existem inúmeras maneiras de tratar e prevenir o envelhecimento cutâneo, entre estas destaca-se o uso cosméticos com silício orgânico. O silício orgânico é o oligoelemento, de natureza ubíqua mais abundante na terra, o corpo humano possui silício orgânico em sua composição, desde a fase fetal, sendo que com o passar do tempo suas concentrações diminuem. Este ativo apresenta diversas funções, dentre as quais pode-se citar sua atividade antioxidante e umectante, estimulante da síntese de colágeno e elastina, além de auxiliar na estruturação dérmica. Nesta perspectiva, através de uma revisão bibliográfica descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar os benefícios do silício orgânico como ativo cosmético, na prevenção do envelhecimento cutâneo. Os resultados evidenciaram que o silício apresenta diversas funções entre as quais pode-se destacar a síntese de colágeno e elastina, sendo que em conjunto, os resultados encontrados demonstraram que o silício é um ativo cosmético seguro e promissor na prevenção do envelhecimento cutâneo. Abstract: Aging is a natural process, characterized by morphological, biochemical and physiological changes that occur progressively over time. There are countless ways to treat and prevent skin aging, among which we highlight the use of cosmetics with organic silicon. Organic silicon is the most abundant ubiquitous trace element on earth, the human body has organic silicon in its composition since the fetal phase, and over time its concentrations decrease. This active has several functions, among which we can highlight the antioxidant, humectant, stimulating collagen and elastin synthesis, besides helping in dermal structuring. In this perspective, through a descriptive bibliographic review with a qualitative approach, this article aims to analyze the benefits of organic silicon as a cosmetic asset, in preventing skin aging. The results showed that silicon has several functions, among which the synthesis of collagen and elastin can be highlighted, and together, the results found showed that silicon is a safe and promising cosmetic asset in the prevention of skin aging.Keywords: Skin aging. Self-esteem. Cosmetics. Organic Silicon.
CriançARTE: cartografando processos e (des)construindo sentidos com “pessoas pequenas” / CriançaARTE: Mapping processes and (de)constructing meanings with “small people”
Authors: Neves Rafael Dorneles , Limachi Elysangela Koglin Ulo , Zucolotto Marcele Pereira da Rosa 
Published: January 2023

Resumo: O artigo apresenta o relato de uma experiência vivenciada em uma escola, por um grupo de estudantes de graduação em psicologia que, diante de uma proposta de extensão derivada da disciplina curricular, decidiram aproveitar a oportunidade para se lançar no campo e construir a partir dos encontros uma experiência cartográfica, princípio constituinte do rizoma, conceito nascido na botânica e importado por Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari para compor sua filosofia da diferença. Propomo-nos a fazer um relato tal como se estivéssemos a escrever em um diário de campo, cartografando os afetos que nos atravessaram, esboçando nossos encontros com o campo, com a equipe e as crianças da escola, alinhando nosso saber-fazer com as ideias de Deleuze e Guattari. Por fim, contamos acerca do andamento da oficina CriançARTE, suscitando reflexões acerca dessa produção coletiva que só foi possível por estarmos em constante atravessamento com um modelo rizomático-cartográfico de fazer pesquisa-intervenção.Palavras-chave: rizoma; cartografia; arte; criança. Abstract: The article presents the report of an experience lived in a school by a group of undergraduate psychology students who, faced with a proposal for an extension derived from the curricular discipline, decided to take advantage of the opportunity to launch themselves in the field and build from from the encounters a cartographic experience, constituting principle of the rhizome, a concept born in botany and imported by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari to compose their philosophy of difference. We propose to make a report as if we were writing in a field diary, mapping the affections that crossed us, outlining our encounters with the field, with the team and the children of the school, aligning our know-how with the ideas by Deleuze and Guattari. Finally, we talk about the progress of the CriançARTE workshop, raising reflections about this collective production that was only possible because we were in constant crossing with a rhizomatic-cartographic model of doing research-intervention.Keywords: rhizome; cartography; art; child.
Ação do Enfermeiro frente aos principais fatores associados a ocorrencia de Sepse na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva / Action of the Nurse in front of the main factors associated with the occurrence of Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Kaeser Jéssica Oliveira Santos , Dias Graziela Monteiro , Silva Fábio Soares da , Santos José Ribeiro dos 
Published: January 2023

Resumo: O objetivo foi identificar através da literatura os principais fatores de ocorrência de sepse na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTII) adulto. Método utilizado revisão integrativa de literatura. Resultados: As infecções que podem levar à sepse mais comumente são de focos pulmonares, abdômen ou trato urinário. Pacientes que fazem uso dos dispositivos como intubação orotraqueal (IOT) sob ventilação pulmonar, cateter de artéria pulmonar, cateter vesical de demora (CVD) potencializam o risco de desencadear uma infecção. Conclusão: Além dos focos de infecções, fatores de risco como: idade superior a 65 anos, maior tempo médio de internação na UTI e sexo masculino, potencializa o risco de desenvolver um quadro de disfunção orgânica ameaçadora à vida.Palavras-chave: Sepse, UTI, Enfermeiro, Fatores de Risco. Abstract: The objective was to identify through the literature the main factors of occurrence of sepsis in the adult Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Results: Infections that can lead to sepsis are most commonly found in the lungs, abdomen or urinary tract. Patients who use devices such as orotracheal intubation (OTI) under pulmonary ventilation, pulmonary artery catheter, indwelling urinary catheter (CVD) increase the risk of triggering an infection. Conclusion: In addition to the outbreaks of infections, risk factors such as age over 65 years, longer average length of stay in the ICU and male gender, increase the risk of developing life-threatening organ dysfunction.Keywords: Sepsis, UCI, Nurse, Risk Factors.
Finanças Comportamentais e Teoria do Esquema: Uma proposta de interseção metodológica / Behavioral Finance and Schema Theory: A proposed methodological intersection.
Authors: Monteiro Vitor Borges , Martins Ana Virginia Feitosa , Carlos Ary Junior Silveira 
Published: January 2023

Resumo: Após a consolidação da teoria financeira da HME (Hipótese de Mercados Eficientes), que sugere como premissa básica a racionalidade dos investidores, foi a vez das Finanças Comportamentais ganharem notoriedade no final do século XX. Para esta última, os investidores seguem vieses comportamentais nas suas decisões de investimento muitas vezes não racionais. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar se esse comportamento não racional do investidor é influenciado por vises cognitivos e emoções identificados dentro dos eixos esquemáticos da Teoria do Esquema. A relevância desta pesquisa consiste em testar a interdependência teórica dessas duas linhas multidisciplinares do comportamento humano. Foi utilizada uma pesquisa de campo com aplicação de 332 questionários, que cruza o grupo de perguntas de ambas as teorias, e testa a igualdade dos grupos pelo teste qui-quadrado.Palavras Chaves: Finanças Comportamentais, Teoria do Esquema, Vieses Cognitivos. Abstract: After the consolidation of the financial theory of the HME (Hypothesis of Efficient Markets), which suggests the rationality of investors as a basic premise, it was the turn of Behavioral Finance to gain notoriety at the end of the 20th century. For the latter, investors follow behavioral biases in their often non-rational investment decisions. The objective of this research was to investigate whether this non-rational investor behavior is influenced by cognitive views and emotions identified within the schematic axes of Scheme Theory. The relevance of this research is to test the theoretical interdependence of these two multidisciplinary lines of human behavior. A field research was used with the application of 332 questionnaires, which crosses the group of questions from both theories, and tests the equality of the groups by the chi-square test.Keywords: Behavioral Finance, Schema Theory, Cognitive Biases
Quality Indicators for the Diagnosis and Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Leiman David A. , Kamal Afrin N. , Otaki Fouad , Bredenoord Albert J. , Dellon Evan S. , Falk Gary W. , Fernandez-Becker Nielsen Q. , Gonsalves Nirmala , Hirano Ikuo , Katzka David A. , Peterson Kathryn , Yadlapati Rena , Kathpalia Priya 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Despite best practice recommendations for managing eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), variation in care exists.

METHODS:
We used established methodology for quality indicator development to identify metrics to define quality for the treatment of EoE.

RESULTS:
Among 29 proposed quality indicator statements, 9 (31%) were adopted as highly valid across all categories. Two (22%) of these statements were identified as having existing or suspected quality gaps.

DISCUSSION:
We identified highly valid EoE quality indicators for adult gastroenterologists, which can be used for quality improvement with resulting benefits for patient outcomes.
The Challenge of Constructing Citizenship in a Multiracial Society in Postcolonial Sierra Leone
Authors: Dumbuya Peter Alpha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Sixty-one years after Sierra Leone regained its independence from Britain in April 1961, the issue of citizenship remains divisive and fraught with negative political implications for persons seeking elective and appointive political offices. John Joseph Akar, born in the then Protectorate of a Lebanese father who was himself born in Senegal and a Sierra Leonean mother, challenged the constitutionality of amendments to the Independence Constitution that altered the criterion for citizenship from one based on birth (jus soli) to one based on “Negro African descent” (jus sanguinis). Enacted less than a year after independence, the new constitutional provisions appealed to a kind of xenophobic nationalism that undercut the country's multicultural character. In this article I argue that the economic success, in particular that of the Lebanese in the colonial period, put them at odds with Sierra Leone's emerging political elites. Prior to independence these elites used restrictive immigration laws to limit the entry and participation of the Lebanese and other non-indigenes in the country's political and economic affairs. After independence there was no better place to institutionalize such limitations and discrimination than in the postcolonial constitution, which the British helped construct to unify the Colony and Protectorate of Sierra Leone.
The Formalization of Sharia in Aceh to Discipline the Female Body
Authors: Qodir Zuly , Jubba Hasse , Hidayati Mega , Mutiarin Dyah 
Published: January 2023

The formalization of sharia (particularly regional regulations on sharia in Aceh) since 2001 up to 2019 had incorporated economic and political contents between local and national elites. Such condition was a result of local and national elite interests gaining political advantages wherein sharia was utilized as a tool by the elites to dominate civilians. Due to political interests, civilians became marginalized by sharia. The current article demonstrates that local and national political elites had used sharia for their political interests without considering the substantial purpose of sharia itself. Women, in particular, are disadvantaged by the various regulations (qanun) issued by wilayatul khisbah as the guardians of sharia in Aceh. The article also aims to show existing contradictions between the ideal aspirations of wilayatul khisbah and the actual practice of regional regulations pertaining to sharia on the ground, namely the involvement of political elites in advocating sharia, which has not made people become more religious but provoked them to resist in secret instead. Data in the article were acquired through literature study, field observations, and in-depth interviews with a number of informants[Formalisasi syariah Islam di Aceh melalui Peraturan Daerah (Qanun) sejak 2001 telah melibatkan kolaborasi ekonomi dan politik antara elit lokal dan nasional. Situasi tersebut menyebabkan kepentingan elit lokal dan nasional berebut keuntungan politis sebagai alat mendominasi warganya, sehingga menyebabkan kepentingan warga termarjinalisasi. Artikel ini membahas elit lokal dan nasional yang memanfaatkan syariat Islam untuk kepentingannya sendiri tanpa mempertimbangkan tujuan utamanya. Perempuan sering dirugikan oleh sejumlah aturan yang dikeluarkan oleh tim penegak syariat Islam (wilayatul khisbah). Artikel ini juga memperlihatkan kontradiksi antara aspirasi ideal dan praktik di lapangan lembaga wilayatul khisbah yang mana keterlibatan elit politik dalam advokasi syariat Islam tidak mendorong lebih religius tetapi justru mendorong warga melawan diam-diam. Data artikel ini didapatkan dari studi literatur, observasi lapangan dan wawancara mendalam dengan sejumlah informan.]
Extracellular vesicles and insulin‐mediated vascular function in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Ragland Tristan J. , Heiston Emily M. , Ballantyne Anna , Stewart Nathan R. , La Salvia Sabrina , Musante Luca , Luse Melissa A. , Isakson Brant E. , Erdbrügger Uta , Malin Steven K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMetabolic Syndrome (MetS) raises cardiovascular disease risk. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as important mediators of insulin sensitivity, although few studies on vascular function exist in humans. We determined the effect of insulin on EVs in relation to vascular function. Adults with MetS (n = 51, n = 9 M, 54.8 ± 1.0 years, 36.4 ± 0.7 kg/m2, ATPIII: 3.5 ± 0.1 a.u., VO2max: 22.1 ± 0.6 ml/kg/min) were enrolled in this cross‐sectional study. Peripheral insulin sensitivity (M‐value) was determined during a euglycemic clamp (40 mU/m2/min, 90 mg/dl), and blood was collected for EVs (CD105+, CD45+, CD41+, TX+, and CD31+; spectral flow cytometry), inflammation, insulin, and substrates. Central hemodynamics (applanation tonometry) was determined at 0 and 120 min via aortic waveforms. Pressure myography was used to assess insulin‐induced arterial vasodilation from mouse 3rd order mesenteric arteries (100–200 μm in diameter) at 0.2, 2 and 20 nM of insulin with EVs from healthy and MetS adults. Adults with MetS had low peripheral insulin sensitivity (2.6 ± 0.2 mg/kg/min) and high HOMA‐IR (4.7 ± 0.4 a.u.) plus Adipose‐IR (13.0 ± 1.3 a.u.). Insulin decreased total/particle counts (p < 0.001), CD45+ EVs (p = 0.002), AIx75 (p = 0.005) and Pb (p = 0.04), FFA (p < 0.001), total adiponectin (p = 0.006), ICAM (p = 0.002), and VCAM (p = 0.03). Higher M‐value related to lower fasted total EVs (r = −0.40, p = 0.004) while higher Adipose‐IR associated with higher fasted EVs (r = 0.42, p = 0.004) independent of VAT. Fasting CD105+ and CD45+ derived total EVs correlated with fasting AIx75 (r = 0.29, p < 0.05) and Pb (r = 0.30, p < 0.05). EVs from MetS participants blunted insulin‐induced vasodilation in mesenteric arteries compared with increases from healthy controls across insulin doses (all p < 0.005). These data highlight EVs as potentially novel mediators of vascular insulin sensitivity and disease risk.
Maximal fascicle shortening velocity measurements in human medial gastrocnemius muscle in vivo
Authors: Kubo Keitaro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study evaluated the maximal fascicle shortening velocity under near‐no‐load conditions. In addition, we determined whether the rate of torque development during ballistic contraction was related to maximal fascicle shortening velocity. Under passive and active conditions, the medial gastrocnemius muscle fascicle shortening velocity was measured using ultrasonography at 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 ° s−1. The maximal fascicle shortening velocity was defined as the fascicle shortening velocity under the lowest angular velocity that satisfied the following two conditions; (1) the difference in torque values between passive and active conditions was below 2.4 Nm and (2) the difference in fascicle shortening velocities between passive and active conditions was below 10 mm s−1. The rate of torque development was analyzed during the periods of 32, 48, 96, 152, and 200 ms after the onset of contraction during ballistic contraction. At the angular velocity (678.6 ± 147.7 ° s−1) that satisfied the two previously mentioned conditions, the exerted torque and the maximal fascicle shortening velocity were 1.4 ± 1.3 Nm and 251.0 ± 40.5 mm s−1. No significant correlations were found between the maximal fascicle shortening velocity and the rate of torque development at each time point. In conclusion, the maximal fascicle shortening velocity was quantified when the angular velocity satisfied the two conditions. Furthermore, the rate of torque development, often used as an indicator of muscle velocity, did not represent the maximal fascicle shortening velocity.
Conceptualization of first-order politeness in Russia: an exploratory study
Authors: Trubnikova Victoriya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aim of this article is to explore how politeness is conceptualized in modern Russia. The study adopts a bottom-up approach and gathers conceptualizations of different aspects of politeness by lay native Russian speakers. This study uses an open-ended questionnaire to elicit the concepts people generally associate with politeness, descriptive labels for polite people, as well as individual experiences of polite and impolite behavior. The data for the research was gathered through 50 questionnaires composed of five questions. In total, 217 metapragmatic comments and 155 recollections of past experiences were obtained. The results of this study suggest that politeness is understood mostly in terms of expectable social behavior and serves a regulatory function. It indicates that culturally-specific concepts can fit into the framework of personal, relational and social underpinnings of politeness. This vision embraces a holistic view on politeness as a social tool of efficient interaction.
The Solar Irradiance Coefficient as an Empirical Parameter in Tests of Accelerated Aging by Weathering on Costa Rican Asphalt Binders
Authors: Viana Guzmán Stanlyn , Baldi Sevilla Alejandra , Elizondo Salas Ana Luisa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The current asphalt aging tests that incorporate climatic factors at scale such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation, rainfall, evaporation, and condensation phenomena, as well as temperature, present general scaling conditions because of the great climatic variability that is intended to simulate. Because of this, in the present article, a methodology applied to the radiation factor in the Costa Rican territory was designed, which is called the solar irradiance coefficient (SIC). This corresponds to a regional weighting of the annual direct solar radiation with respect to the total national direct solar radiation. Using the SIC, regions of low, medium, and high irradiance were determined and, consequently, test values to be scaled through the UV light source. Based on the studies carried out, the regional classification of solar radiation concluded by the SIC provides values more accurate to the service conditions of the asphalts in Costa Rica, which improves the information collected on the performance of the material in the tests of accelerated aging by weathering.