bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Italobdella bieleckii sp. n. (Hirudinea: Piscicolidae), a new leech species from the Danube in Slovakia
Authors: Cichocka Joanna M. , Košel Vladimír , Świątek Piotr , Hildebrand Joanna , Gajda Łukasz , Lecaplain Benoît , Nieoczym Marek , Bielecki Aleksander 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNotwithstanding the genus Italobdella has been hypothesized to have doubtful taxonomic value, we decided to update its diagnosis by describing the new species – Italobdella bieleckii sp. n. The leeches were collected from the stony bottom along the shore of the Danube River in Slovakia. In the study, we implemented the model of leech body form and the set of external and internal morphological characters to present the similarity of the new species to the other fish leeches. As a result, we were able to construct the key for determining leeches belonging to the genus Italobdella hoping that the species could be found and determined by other researchers. This would enrich our knowledge about the actual distribution of these leeches and strengthen their systematic position in the genus.
Sevoflurane Preconditioning Alleviates Posttraumatic Stress Disorder—Induced Apoptosis in the Hippocampus via the EZH2-Regulated Akt/mTOR Axis and Improves Synaptic Plasticity
Authors: Gu Tingting , Xu Chang , Meng Xiaozhou , Gao Dapeng , Jiang Guanghao , Yin Anqi , Liu Qingzhen , Zhang Lidong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a persistent and severe psychological and mental disorder resulting from experiences of serious trauma or stress and is suffered by many individuals. Previous studies have shown that pretreatment with sevoflurane is efficient in reducing the incidence of PTSD. However, we require a more comprehensive understanding of the specific mechanisms by which sevoflurane works. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been reported to be regulated by sevoflurane, and to improve patient cognition. In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanisms of sevoflurane and the role of EZH2 in PTSD cases. We explored the effects of sevoflurane and EPZ-6438 (inhibitor of EZH2) on rat behavior, followed by an investigation of EZH2 mRNA and protein expression. The effects of sevoflurane and EZH2 on neuronal survival were assessed by western blotting and TUNEL staining, while western blotting was used to examine the expression of PSD95 and the AKT/mTOR proteins. Sevoflurane preconditioning restored EZH2 expression and significantly inhibited apoptosis by regulating phosphorylation of the AKT/mTOR pathway. Synaptic plasticity was also significantly improved. These results suggest that pretreatment with sevoflurane could play an important role in PTSD prevention by regulating EZH2 expression.
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome and Association of AHI Scores with Sensorineural Hearing Loss: An Early Predictor
Authors: Kalathingal Nahas , Vijendra Shenoy S. , Kamath M. Panduranga , Sriperumbudur Susmita , Parvathareddy Navya , Mohan Kumar K. , Acharya Vishak 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a condition that is characterised by frequent apnoea and hypopnoea attacks occurring during sleep. The blood supply to cochlea and acoustic nerves is from terminal arteries, thereby making them susceptible to hypoxia. To compare the audiological profiles in patients with OSAS according to Apnoea Hypopnoea index (AHI) score. Descriptive study was conducted in 32 patients diagnosed to have OSAS in a tertiary referral centre over two year period. The study group was divided into mild, moderate, severe OSAS based on AHI score. The hearing evaluation was done using pure tone audiogram (PTA) and distortion product otoacoustic emission test (DPOAE). Moderate and severe OSAS participants had elevated thresholds at higher frequencies in PTA (4 kHz, 8 kHz), although this was not statistically significant. We also noticed, absent DPOAE responses at higher frequencies (4 k, 6 k, 8 k), with increase in the severity of OSAS at higher frequency, which was statistically significant (p value < 0.05). This study revealed elevated hearing thresholds at higher frequencies (4 kHz, 8 kHz) in PTA and DPOEA with an increase in the severity of OSAS. All OSAS patients, especially with AHI > 30 should be regularly screened for hearing loss.
Migrant and Refugee Retention in Regional Australia at the Intersection of Structure and Agency
Authors: Boese Martina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article examines the question of migrant and refugee retention in small and medium-sized towns referred to as ‘regional towns’ in Australia as a problem at the intersection of structure and agency in migration and settlement processes. Regional settlement pathways typically occur in the context of business interests in a reliable labour supply, government efforts of migration management and, importantly, migrants’ and refugees’ socially embedded life courses that are shaped by aspirations, opportunities and constraints. Rather than reducing the question of retention to one of migrant and refugee choice, this article explores the question whether people with migration backgrounds remain in regional locations through the conceptual lens of structuration and situated learning. Based on an analysis of key policies that have shaped regional migration and settlement in Australia and an analysis of qualitative interviews with migrants in different visa categories in regional Victoria, conducted over the last ten years, the article will explore three key factors influencing retention: migration policies, employment experiences in the context of settlement and migrants and refugees’ situated knowledge emerging from these experiences over time. In conclusion, I will argue that unpacking the policy quandary of migrant and refugee retention sociologically can contribute to advancing both an understanding of mobility and immobility as integral to migration processes and the development of sustainable regional migration policies.
Effects of wheat undersowing and sweet alyssum intercropping on aphid and flea beetle infestation in white cabbage in Germany and Japan
Authors: Köneke A. , Uesugi R. , Herz A. , Tabuchi K. , Yoshimura H. , Shimoda T. , Nagasaka K. , Böckmann E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn undersowing system with additional intercropping of flowering plants was assessed in field trials in Germany and Japan to estimate regulating effects on pests and possible negative effects on white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). In particular, we tested cabbage undersown with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and cabbage undersown with wheat plus additional sweet alyssum (Lobularia maritima L. Desv.) intercropping. Counts of the aphid species Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer), as well as related predators on cabbage plants, were determined. Abundance of Phyllotreta spp. flea beetles and their feeding damage on cabbage plants were recorded and cabbage yield was compared. In both countries, trials showed that wheat undersowing reduced the abundance of M. persicae but not B. brassicae. The occurrence of natural enemies on cabbage plants was not significantly affected by any of the companion plants. Additional sweet alyssum intercropping increased the abundance of adult hoverflies at the German but not at the Japanese location. However, it also significantly increased flea beetle infestation on cabbage plants at both locations. Neither wheat undersowing nor additional sweet alyssum intercropping significantly reduced cabbage harvest weight.In conclusion, adding companion plants can be a promising method to improve pest control in vegetable crops. However, intercropping crucifer crops with sweet alyssum may not be recommended in regions where flea beetles are a relevant pest because of the observed enhancing effect on them. In contrast, to prove the positive effect of wheat undersowing on white cabbage, results from further years of investigation are needed.
Deformity angular ratio is associated with neuromonitoring changes without a vertebral column resection: spinal deformity is more influential than type of surgery
Authors: Illingworth Kenneth D. , Siddiqui Ali A. , Skaggs David L. , Andras Lindsay M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the deformity angular ratio (DAR) on intra-operative neuromonitoring (IONM) signal changes during posterior spinal fusion (PSF) without vertebral column resection (VCR).

Methods
Retrospective review of severe pediatric spinal deformity patients treated with PSF without VCR or three-column osteotomy from 2008 to 2018. Exclusion criteria were prior instrumentation, lack of IONM, and incomplete radiographic data. Coronal DAR (C-DAR), sagittal DAR (S-DAR), and total DAR (T-DAR) were calculated and compared between patients with IONM signal loss and those without.

Results
Two hundred and fifty-three patients met inclusion criteria. Forty-seven of two hundred and fifty-three (19%) patients had IONM signal loss. Intra-operative wake-up test was performed in seven cases; three of seven (43%) had a neurological deficit on wake-up test. All neurological deficits resolved at a mean of 41 days postop. IONM loss was associated with increased kyphosis (p = 0.003) and was not associated with Cobb angle (p = 0.16). S-DAR (p = 0.03) and T-DAR (p = 0.005) were associated with IONM signal loss but C-DAR was not (p = 0.06). Increased incidence of IONM signal loss was seen with S-DAR > 7 (p = 0.02) or T-DAR > 27 (p = 0.02). Twenty-four of ninety-two (26%) patients with S-DAR > 7 had IONM signal loss compared to twenty-three of one hundred and sixty-one (14%) with S-DAR ≤ 7 (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1–4.0). Seven of sixteen (44%) patients with T-DAR > 27 had signal loss compared to forty of two hundred and thirty-seven (17%) patients with T-DAR ≤ 27 (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.3–10.9).

Conclusion
Patients with S-DAR > 7 or T-DAR > 27 have a higher risk of IONM loss during pediatric PSF even in the absence of a VCR or three-column osteotomies.
Level of evidence II.
Evaluating urban green and blue spaces with space-based multi-sensor datasets for sustainable development
Authors: Sunita  , Kumar Deepak , Shahnawaz  , Shekhar Sulochana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUrban green and blue spaces refer to the natural and semi-natural areas within a city or urban area. These spaces can include parks, gardens, rivers, lakes, and other bodies of water. They play a vital role in the sustainability of cities by providing a range of ecosystem services such as air purification, carbon sequestration, water management, and biodiversity conservation. They also provide recreational and social benefits, such as promoting physical activity, mental well-being, and community cohesion. Urban green and blue spaces can also act as buffers against the negative impacts of urbanization, such as reducing the heat island effect and mitigating the effects of stormwater runoff. Therefore, it is important to maintain and enhance these spaces to ensure a healthy and sustainable urban environment. Assessing urban green and blue spaces with space-based multi-sensor datasets can be a valuable tool for sustainable development. These datasets can provide information on the location, size, and condition of green and blue spaces in urban areas, which can be used to inform decisions about land use, conservation, and urban planning. Space-based sensors, such as satellites, can provide high-resolution data that can be used to map and monitor changes in these spaces over time. Additionally, multi-sensor datasets can be used to gather information on a variety of environmental factors, such as air and water quality, that can impact the health and well-being of urban residents. This information can be used to develop sustainable solutions for preserving and enhancing urban green and blue spaces. This study examines how urban green and blue infrastructures might improve sustainable development. Space-based multi-sensor datasets are used to estimate urban green and blue zones for sustainable development. This work can inform sustainable development research at additional spatial and temporal scales.
Using the fuzzy integrals for the ensemble-based segmentation of asphalt cracks
Authors: Cyganov Gleb , Rychenkov Artem , Sinitca Aleksandr , Kaplun Dmitrii 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDetection and measurement of cracks in asphalt pavement is one of the important tasks in transport industry to determine the quality of the pavement and submit repair requirements. In recent years, computer vision algorithms have been increasingly used to automate the solution of this problem. Therefore, researchers are faced with the acute issue of improving the accuracy of segmentation algorithms, since the safety of people depends on the timely detection of defects on the road. In this paper, ensemble methods based on Choquet and Sugeno fuzzy integrals are proposed to combine the scores of three pre-trained deep learning models: ResNet50, DenseNet169, and InceptionV3. We tested the proposed methods on a public dataset and compared the results with already-used popular ensemble methods.
Measures of maximal and full dimension for smooth maps
Authors: CHEN YURONG , LUO CHIYI , ZHAO YUN 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor a
$C^1$
non-conformal repeller, this paper proves that there exists an ergodic measure of full Carathéodory singular dimension. For an average conformal hyperbolic set of a
$C^1$
diffeomorphism, this paper constructs a Borel probability measure (with support strictly inside the repeller) of full Hausdorff dimension. If the average conformal hyperbolic set is of a
$C^{1+\alpha }$
diffeomorphism, this paper shows that there exists an ergodic measure of maximal dimension.
Methods and tools to assess implementation of mental health policies and plans: A systematic review
Authors: Aliev Akmal Alikhan , Tomaskova Hana , Winkler Petr , Yon Yongjie , Kagstrom Anna , Guerrero Zoe , Lazeri Ledia , Reinap Marge , Redlich Cassie , Tijerino Inestroza Ana Maria , Maurer Jason 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mental health policies and plans (MHPPs) are important policy instruments and powerful tools to facilitate development of mental health systems and services across the world. We aimed to map and analyse methods and tools used to assess the extent, process and impact of implementing MHPPs. We systematically searched peer-reviewed and grey literature across seven scientific databases. We extracted and analysed the data on a) the characteristics of included studies (e.g., policy areas, region of origin, income setting) and b) the methodology and evaluation tools applied to assess the extent and process of implementation. We included 48 studies in the analyses. Twenty-six of these studies employed only qualitative methods (e.g., semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, desk review, stakeholder consultations); 12 studies used quantitative methods (e.g., trend analysis, survey) and 10 used mixed-methods approaches. Generally, methods and tools used for assessment were described poorly with less than half of the studies providing partial or full details about them. Only three studies provided assessment of full policies. There is a lack of rigorous research to assess implementation MHPPs. Assessments of the implementation of entire MHPPs are almost non-existent. Strategies to assess the implementation of MHPPs should be an integral part of MHPPs.
The Misogyny Paradox and the Alt-Right
Authors: Llanera Tracy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis essay offers a philosophical analysis of the misogyny women experience in the alternative right (alt-right) movement. I argue that this misogyny takes on a paradoxical form: the better alt-right women propagandists promote hate, the greater the hostility they experience from their fellow racists and critics; the more submissive women alt-right members become, the harsher the impact of misogyny on them. I develop this argument in four parts. Part I explores the self-conception of racist white women using the concept of social imaginaries. Part II describes three dominant images in racist propaganda—the goddess/victim, wife and mother, and the female activist—which inform the more popular images of the white power Barbie and the tradwife in the alt-right. Part III explores the misogyny paradox and presents how alt-right women could be seen as both misogynists and victims of misogyny. Part IV reflects on the absurdity of the alt-right's dependence on women's economic labor, a feature that could make the movement vulnerable to political intervention.
Clostridioides difficile dynamic electronic order panel, an effective automated intervention to reduce inappropriate inpatient ordering
Authors: Ziegler Matthew J. , Flores Emilia J. , Epps Mika , Hopkins Kathleen , Glaser Laurel , Mull Nikhil K. , Pegues David A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground:Ordering Clostridioides difficile diagnostics without appropriate clinical indications can result in inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and misdiagnosis of hospital onset C. difficile infection. Manual processes such as provider review of order appropriateness may detract from other infection control or antibiotic stewardship activities.Methods:We developed an evidence-based clinical algorithm that defined appropriateness criteria for testing for C. difficile infection. We then implemented an electronic medical record–based order-entry tool that utilized discrete branches within the clinical algorithm including history of prior C. difficile test results, laxative or stool-softener administration, and documentation of unformed bowel movements. Testing guidance was then dynamically displayed with supporting patient data. We compared the rate of completed C. difficile tests after implementation of this intervention at 5 hospitals to a historic baseline in which a best-practice advisory was used.Results:Using mixed-effects Poisson regression, we found that the intervention was associated with a reduction in the incidence rate of both C. difficile ordering (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63–0.88; P = .001) and C. difficile–positive tests (IRR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.76–0.91; P < .001). On segmented regression analysis, we identified a sustained reduction in orders over time among academic hospitals and a new reduction in orders over time among community hospitals.Conclusions:An evidence-based dynamic order panel, integrated within the electronic medical record, was associated with a reduction in both C. difficile ordering and positive tests in comparison to a best practice advisory, although the impact varied between academic and community facilities.
The Transition to Free Labour in Puerto Rico: Class, Race and Politics in a Nineteenth-Century Colony
Authors: Ayala Diego C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article analyses the abolition of slavery and the transition to free labour in late nineteenth-century Puerto Rico, seeking to understand the terms and timing of Puerto Rican abolition and the nature of society in its wake. Especially important in Puerto Rico, it argues, was the intertwined nature of slavery and other forms of forced labour as well as the predominance of foreign merchants and planters in the island's economy, which created multi-class alliances between working-class Puerto Ricans and creole elites. These class dynamics interacted with events in the metropole to influence the terms of labour on the island.
After Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022: Can we still cooperate with Russia in the Arctic?
Authors: Koivurova Timo , Shibata Akiho 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRussia’s war against Ukraine in February 2022 was the end of the Arctic cooperation between states and others as we knew it, despite the fact that Russia’s illegal actions are not occurring in the Arctic region. Russia’s attack on Ukraine caused pronounced security fears and responses, particularly from the European and North American countries, including the other Arctic states. This naturally affected Arctic cooperation because it is precisely in the Arctic region that Russia is such a vastly central actor. For example, the region’s pre-eminent inter-governmental forum, the Arctic Council, is struggling to continue its activities in full, as the seven western Arctic states paused participating in meetings held in and activities involving Russia. On the other hand, the first in-person meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP) under the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO) fisheries agreement in late November 2022 successfully adopted its COP Rules of Procedure by consensus, including Russia. The purpose of this article is to investigate how adversely Arctic international cooperation in inter-governmental forums and treaties has suffered due to the Ukraine war, utilising a qualitative research methodology to collect internal and sensitive information from key informants. In particular, the article aims to find an answer to the following question: In which types of Arctic inter-governmental structures have the states been able to continue the cooperation and for what reasons? The hypothesis that will be tested in this article is whether treaty-based cooperation has fared better than cooperation founded on soft law. This article will flesh out the current state of Arctic cooperative frameworks and actual cooperative activities under them, analysing three soft law-based cooperative frameworks, including the Arctic Council and several treaty-based cooperative frameworks, such as the CAO fisheries agreement and Arctic Science Cooperation Agreement. This article is based on the facts as of 22 February 2023.
The Oxford Positive Self Scale: psychometric development of an assessment of cognitions associated with psychological well-being
Authors: Freeman Daniel , Rosebrock Laina , Loe Bao S. , Saidel Simone , Freeman Jason , Waite Felicity 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDeveloping, elaborating, and consolidating positive views of the self is a plausible route to increased psychological well-being. We set out to provide an assessment of positive self-beliefs that could be used in research and clinical practice.MethodsA non-probability online survey was conducted with 2500 UK adults, quota sampled to match the population for age, gender, ethnicity, income, and region. Exploratory factor analysis of a 94-item pool – generated with guidance from people with lived experience of mental health difficulties – was conducted to develop the Oxford Positive Self Scale (OxPos). The item pool was further reduced using regularised structural equation modelling (SEM) before confirmatory factor analysis. Optimal cut-off scores were developed using receiver operating characteristic curves. Additional validations were carried out with two further general population cohorts (n = 1399; n = 1693).ResultsA 24-item scale was developed with an excellent model fit [robust χ2 = 995.676; df = 246; CFI = 0.956; TLI = 0.951; RMSEA = 0.049 (0.047, 0.052); SRMR = 0.031]. The scale comprises four factors: mastery; strength; enjoyment; and character. SEM indicated that the scale explains 68.6% of variance in psychological well-being. The OxPos score was negatively correlated with depression (r = −0.49), anxious avoidance (r = −0.34), paranoia (r = −0.23), hallucinations (r = −0.20), and negative self-beliefs (r = −0.50), and positively correlated with psychological well-being (r = 0.79), self-esteem (r = 0.67), and positive social comparison (r = 0.72). Internal reliability and test–retest reliability were excellent. Cut-offs by age and gender were generated. A short-form was developed, explaining 96% of the full-scale variance.ConclusionsThe new open access scale provides a psychometrically robust assessment of positive cognitions that are strongly connected to psychological well-being.