bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting new-onset heart failure hospitalization of patients with atrial fibrillation: development and external validations of a risk score
Authors: Ishii Kai , Matsue Yuya , Miyauchi Katsumi , Miyazaki Sakiko , Hayashi Hidemori , Nishizaki Yuji , Nojiri Shuko , Saito Yuki , Nagashima Koichi , Okumura Yasuo , Daida Hiroyuki , Minamino Tohru 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Aim
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a well-known risk factor for heart failure (HF). We sought to develop and externally validate a risk model for new-onset HF admission in patients with AF and those without a history of HF.

Methods and results
Using two multicentre, prospective, observational AF registries, RAFFINE (2857 patients, derivation cohort) and SAKURA (2516 patients without a history of HF, validation cohort), we developed a risk model by selecting variables with regularized regression and weighing coefficients by Cox regression with the derivation cohort. External validity testing was used for the validation cohort. Overall, 148 (5.2%) and 104 (4.1%) patients in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively, developed HF during median follow-ups of 1396 (interquartile range [IQR]: 1078–1820) and 1168 (IQR: 844–1309) days, respectively. In the derivation cohort, age, haemoglobin, serum creatinine, and log-transformed brain natriuretic peptide were identified as potential risk factors for HF development. The risk model showed good discrimination and calibration in both derivations (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.80 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76–0.84]; Hosmer–Lemeshow, P = 0.257) and validation cohorts (AUC: 0.78 [95%CI 0.74–0.83]; Hosmer–Lemeshow, P = 0.475).

Conclusion
The novel risk model with four readily available clinical characteristics and biomarkers performed well in predicting new-onset HF admission in patients with AF.
Mitral repair of myxomatous valves with simple annuloplasty: a follow-up up to 12 years
Authors: Folino Giulio , Salica Andrea , Scaffa Raffaele , Irace Francesco Giosuè , Weltert Luca Paolo , Bellisario Alessandro , Gerosa Gino , De Paulis Ruggero 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Diffuse myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (DMD) represents a challenge in the reparative mitral valve surgery. A subgroup of patients with symmetrical DMD can be effectively treated with a simple band-annuloplasty with good early and mid-term results. Here, we evaluate the long-term outcomes in terms of freedom from reoperation, recurrence of moderate or severe mitral regurgitation (MR) and overall survival.

METHODS
Between April 2006 and December 2020, patients with DMD causing severe MR and the echocardiographic features of symmetrical bileaflet prolapse, central regurgitant jet(s), annular dilation and no chordal ruptures were treated using a simple annuloplasty with a semi-rigid band. These patients were prospectively collected and retrospectively analysed.

RESULTS
Seventy-five patients were enrolled. The mean clinical follow-up time was 104 [standard deviation (SD): 43] months, and echocardiographic follow-up time was 95 (SD: 43) months. The mean age was 54 (SD: 15) years, and 56% were females. Long-term overall survival was 98.2% [standard error (SE): 1.8], 93.7% (SE: 4.7) and 93.7% (SE: 4.7) at 4, 8 and 12 years, respectively. The freedom from reoperation was 100% at 4 and 8 years and 94.1% (SE: 5.7) at 12 years. The freedom from recurrent moderate or severe MR was 98.3% (SE: 1.7), 98.3% (SE: 1.7) and 92.8% (SE: 5.5) at 4, 8 and 12 years, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Mitral repair with the simple band-annuloplasty for the treatment of MR due to symmetrical DMD seems to be stable and effective in the long term.
Acute aortic dissection: evidence, uncertainties, and future therapies
Authors: Rylski Bartosz , Schilling Oliver , Czerny Martin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRemarkable progress has become especially apparent in aortic medicine in the last few decades, leading to essential changes in how thoracic aortic dissection is understood and treated. This state-of-the-art review article addresses the mechanisms of acute aortic dissection, explaining the role of its primary entry location, proximal, and distal dissection extension in their clinical presentation and impact on the decision-making process towards the best treatment approach. The latest evidence on novel treatment methods for acute aortic syndromes is presented, and the diverse dissection classification systems that remain uncertain are discussed, which reveals the need for shared terminology and more clarity. Finally, future aspects are discussed in treating acute aortic dissection, such as the endovascular treatment of aortic dissection Type A and biomarkers for acute aortic syndromes.
Tackling climate change and health inequalities in primary care
Authors: Blane David N , Basu Nayanika 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Climate Emergency is now widely accepted as the biggest public health crisis facing humanity. Previous research has highlighted how social and health inequalities shape the health impacts of climate change in the UK, but there has been little attention to the role of general practice in deprived areas. This Brief Report summarises a roundtable discussion of Scottish ‘Deep End’ GPs - family doctors working in the most socio-economically deprived areas - which took place weeks before the 26th UN Climate Change Conference (COP26), held in Glasgow in November 2021. The report highlights the need for urgent action to make general practice more sustainable, including recommendations for community engagement, (de)prescribing, medical education, digital inclusion, and investment in premises and capacity building.
The Relationship of Age-Related Hearing Loss with Cognitive Decline and Dementia in a Sinitic Language-Speaking Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fu Xinxing , Eikelboom Robert H , Tian Rong , Liu Bo , Wang Shuo , Jayakody Dona M P 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSubstantial evidence supports the association between untreated hearing loss, cognitive decline, and dementia in the non-tonal language-speaking population. Whether a similar association between hearing loss and cognitive decline and dementia exists in Sinitic tonal language-speaking people is yet to be elucidated. We aimed to systematically review the current evidence on the association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment/decline, and dementia in older adults who speak a Sinitic tonal language.Research Design and MethodsThis systematic review considered peer-reviewed articles that employed objective or subjective hearing measurement and cognitive function, cognitive impairment, or diagnosis of dementia. All articles written in English and Chinese and published before March 2022 were included. Databases including Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Google Scholar, SinoMed, and CBM were utilized using MeSH terms and keywords.ResultsThirty-five articles met our inclusion criteria. Of these, 29 unique studies with an estimated 372,154 participants were included in the meta-analyses. Among all included studies, the effect size of cognitive function with hearing loss, the regression coefficient was −0.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.45 to −0.07). Among cross-sectional and cohort studies, a significant association was found between hearing loss and cognitive impairment and dementia, with odds ratios of 1.85 (95% CI, 1.59–2.17) and 1.89 (95% CI, 1.50–2.38), respectively.Discussion and ImplicationsMost of the studies included in this systematic review observed a significant association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment and dementia. There was no significant difference to the findings in non-tonal language populations.
Improved anisotropy of magnetic remanence results from vectorial readings using novel refinement method
Authors: Wack Michael R 
Published: December 2022

SUMMARYAnisotropy of magnetic remanence (AMR) is typically obtained by imparting a remanence through a sequence of reference directions and subsequent measurement of the remanent magnetic moment with a separate device. This gives rise to potential misalignments which can affect the resultant anisotropy tensor. Vectorial measurements from rock magnetometers are favourable to obtain the best estimate of the anisotropy tensor but make the results highly dependent on the exact knowledge of the reference directions. This can be partly overcome by using the projection of the remanence vector on the reference direction instead of using the full vector in the calculation of the best-fitting anisotropy tensor. Since AMR experiments are laborious, it is troublesome to compensate the loss in information with additional measurements. This paper demonstrates an iterative refinement method to recover the original reference directions and therefore to improve the results of AMR experiments by using full vectorial readings. The method works well with a six-axis protocol for misalignment of the reference directions up to 25° and for degrees of anisotropy up to 250 per cent, which covers most experimental and geological cases.
Knowledge of sexual consent as a protective factor against sexual violence perpetration among first-year college men: a moderation analysis
Authors: Schipani-McLaughlin A M , Leone R M , Salazar L F , Swahn M H , Khader S 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study examined whether knowledge of sexual consent buffers the relationship between risk factors for sexual violence (SV) and SV perpetration among first-year college men. The study data were drawn from a longitudinal study with 1144 first-year college men. A series of generalized linear models were conducted to examine whether knowledge of sexual consent moderated the relationship between SV risk factors and SV perpetration. Knowledge of sexual consent moderated the effect of hypermasculinity (P &lt; 0.001), binge drinking (P &lt; 0.001), rape-supportive social norms (P = 0.007) and peer support for SV (P &lt; 0.001) such that there was a positive association between risk factors and SV perpetration among those with lower, but not higher, knowledge of sexual consent. Knowledge of sexual consent did not significantly moderate the relationship between SV perpetration and outcome expectancies for non-consensual sex (P = 0.387) and pornography use (P = 0.494). Knowledge of sexual consent may counteract risk factors for SV perpetration among young college men. The findings highlight the need for consent education to be incorporated in youth comprehensive sexual education to increase knowledge of sexual consent prior to college and campus-based SV prevention programming delivered to college students.
Optimizing the Application Timing and Dosage ofMetarhizium brunneum(Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) as a Biological Control Agent ofAedes aegypti(Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae
Authors: Alkhaibari A M , Wood M J , Yavasoglu S I , Bull J C , Butt T M 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) is the principal vector of dengue and other viruses that cause disease among 100 to 400 million people each year. The recent development of widespread insecticidal resistance has led to the rapid development of biological control solutions aimed at larval control. While the efficacy of Metarhizium brunneum has been shown against Aedes larvae, the impact of larval population dynamics will need to be determined to formulate effective control strategies. In this study, larvae were subjected to four concentrations of M. brunneum (105, 106, 107, 108 conidia ml−1). Larvae were found to be susceptible to M. brunneum with dose-dependent efficacy. When constant larval immigration was added as a parameter, peak mortality was consistently found to occur on the fourth day, before a significant reduction in control efficacy linked to a decline in conidial availability within the water column. This suggests that M. brunneum treatments should be applied at a concentration 1 × 107 conidia ml−1 every four days to effectively control mosquito larvae in the field, regardless of the fungal formulation, water volume, or larval density. Understanding fungal-mosquito dynamics is critical in developing appropriate control programs as it helps optimize the fungal control agent’s dose and frequency of application.
Case report: renal cell carcinoma metastasis to the tongue
Authors: Walsh Michael A , Quinn Alanna J , Mahesh Bangalore 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Tongue metastasis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are rare, with 90% of malignant lesions in the oral cavity consisting of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). There are a number of subtypes of SCC which need to be considered as well as rarer pathology and even benign conditions. The case involves a 63-year-old gentleman with an incidental finding of pulmonary metastasis from a RCC of the left kidney, and he concurrently had a RCC deposit on the dorsum of the tongue, which was diagnosed after biopsy. Treatment modalities of surgical excision, radiotherapy and systemic therapy are considered, but with such a poor prognosis with disseminated disease, options are limited. Treatment should include multidisciplinary team input, with a focus on reducing disease morbidity.
A rare case of colo-salpingeal fistula complicating acute sigmoid diverticulitis
Authors: Jangam Aishwarya , Gillespie Christopher 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Colo-salpingeal fistulae due to acute diverticulitis are rare entities. A 65-year-old female with a 5-day history of left iliac fossa pain, fevers and diarrhoea was seen in a metropolitan hospital. Initial computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis characterized a left tubular adnexal structure with an air fluid level and normal-appearing colon and was reported as pyosalpingitis. Worsening sepsis despite antibiotics prompted further imaging where thickening of the sigmoid colon was noted, and the provisional diagnosis was revised to complicated acute diverticulitis with perforation into the left fallopian tube/ovary. This was managed with a laparoscopic anterior resection and en bloc left salpingo-oopherectomy, and was followed by an uneventful recovery. The presence of a gas-containing collection remains a sensitive imaging sign for the presence of an enteric fistula and a high index of suspicion should be maintained when this is encountered.
Virtual fracture clinics: be vigilant for the ligamentous elbow injury
Authors: Robertson-Waters Eve E , Cuthbert Rory , Van Rensburg Lee 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic encouraged remote healthcare and led to dependency on virtual fracture clinics (VFC). VFC are orthopaedic consultant-led clinics where cases are reviewed virtually following referral by emergency department clinicians. Success is contingent on a comprehensive initial history and examination. This pathway has high patient satisfaction rates and cost-saving benefits. However, clinicians must be vigilant for high-energy mechanisms or examination findings suggestive of greater underlying injury. In this case, VFC missed a rare ipsilateral annular ligament injury in a 15-year old with an undisplaced radial neck fracture, following a fall from a horse. This led to radial head dislocation and delayed surgical repair. Untreated, radial head dislocations lead to pain and reduced range of movement. Despite the rarity of this injury pattern, face-to-face orthopaedic examination would have raised concern for significant ligamentous injury. A high-energy mechanism of injury mandates face-to-face senior orthopaedic review to avoid missing serious concomitant injury.
A case of primary infertility and a patient with ventriculoperitoneal shunt
Authors: Eliasi Elior , Cohen Adiel , Wasser Oren , Oelsner Gabriel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts are the main treatment modality for patients with hydrocephalus. The complications arising in patients with VP shunts are well documented. We present a case of infertility in a patient with a long-standing VP shunt. Her infertility is thought to be the result of pelvic adhesions due to factors related to the distal end of her VP shunt. A 22-year-old female with a 1-year history of infertility was referred due to bilateral hydrosalpinges. Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed multiple adhesions surrounding the distal end of the fallopian tubes. The distal portion of a VP shunt, which was placed over the course of her childhood, was found to be grossly inflamed and densely adherent to the pelvic viscera. VP shunts may produce abdominal adhesions and can cause mechanical infertility.
A huge retroperitoneal cyst with a rare clinical presentation
Authors: Alqaisi Hayder , Wanders Alkwin , Naujokaite Gintare , Pedersen Lasse 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A 39-year-old male presented with deep venous thrombosis in the right lower limb. He had been experiencing increasing abdominal girth over several years, but this went undetected at the initial examination. Eighteen months later, a computed tomography was conducted, showing a huge retroperitoneal cyst (25 × 23 × 16 cm) lifting the right external iliac vessels. Complete surgical excision of the cyst was performed. The cyst was unilocular and contained 5 l of clear fluid. Histopathology examination found a thin cyst wall consisting of fibrous stromal tissue with a single-layer epithelium lining. Immunohistochemical staining revealed positivity for endothelial cell markers, CD31 and CD34, but negativity for the lymphatic marker podoplanin (D2–40), corresponding to a vascular origin, likely a venous malformation.
Pan-chromatic photometric classification of supernovae from multiple surveys and transfer learning for future surveys
Authors: Burhanudin Umar F , Maund Justyn R 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTTime-domain astronomy is entering a new era as wide-field surveys with higher cadences allow for more discoveries than ever before. The field has seen an increased use of machine learning and deep learning for automated classification of transients into established taxonomies. Training such classifiers requires a large enough and representative training set, which is not guaranteed for new future surveys such as the Vera Rubin Observatory, especially at the beginning of operations. We present the use of Gaussian processes to create a uniform representation of supernova light curves from multiple surveys, obtained through the Open Supernova Catalog for supervised classification with convolutional neural networks. We also investigate the use of transfer learning to classify light curves from the Photometric LSST Astronomical Time Series Classification Challenge (PLAsTiCC) data set. Using convolutional neural networks to classify the Gaussian process generated representation of supernova light curves from multiple surveys, we achieve an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUC) score of 0.859 for classification into Types Ia, Ibc, and II. We find that transfer learning improves the classification accuracy for the most under-represented classes by up to 18 per cent when classifying PLAsTiCC light curves, and is able to achieve an AUC score of 0.946 ± 0.001 when including photometric redshifts for classification into six classes (Ia, Iax, Ia-91bg, Ibc, II, and SLSN-I). We also investigate the usefulness of transfer learning when there is a limited labelled training set to see how this approach can be used for training classifiers in future surveys at the beginning of operations.
Multiband optical variability of the TeV blazar PG 1553 + 113 in 2019
Authors: Dhiman Vinit , Gupta Alok C , Kurtanidze Sofia O , Eglitis I , Strigachev A , Damljanovic G , Wiita Paul J , Gu Minfeng , Gaur Haritma , Vince Oliver , Bachev R , Bisen D P , Ibryamov S , Ivanidze R Z , Jovanovic Miljana D , Kurtanidze Omar M , Nikolashvili M G , Semkov E , Spassov B , Stojanovic M , Villarroel Beatriz , Xu Haiguang , Zhang Zhongli 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
We report the flux and spectral variability of PG 1553 + 113 on intra-night (IDV) to short-term time-scales using BVRI data collected over 91 nights from 28 February to 8 November 2019 employing 10 optical telescopes: three in Bulgaria, two each in India and Serbia, and one each in Greece, Georgia, and Latvia. We monitored the blazar quasi-simultaneously for 16 nights in the V and R bands and 8 nights in the V, R, I bands and examined the light curves (LCs) for intra-day flux and colour variations using two powerful tests: the power-enhanced F-test and the nested ANOVA test. The source was found to be significantly (&gt;99 per cent) variable in 4 nights out of 27 in R-band, 1 out of 16 in V-band, and 1 out of 6 nights in I-band. No temporal variations in the colours were observed on IDV time-scale. During the course of these observations the total variation in R-band was 0.89 mag observed. We also investigated the spectral energy distribution (SED) using B-, V-, R-, and I-band data. We found optical spectral indices in the range of 0.878 ± 0.029 to 1.106 ± 0.065 by fitting a power law (Fν∝ν−α) to these SEDs of PG 1553 + 113. We found that the source follows a bluer-when-brighter trend on IDV time-scales. We discuss possible physical causes of the observed spectral variability.
The maximum extent of the filaments and sheets in the cosmic web: an analysis of the SDSS DR17
Authors: Sarkar Prakash , Pandey Biswajit , Sarkar Suman 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Filaments and sheets are striking visual patterns in cosmic web. The maximum extent of these large-scale structures are difficult to determine due to their structural variety and complexity. We construct a volume-limited sample of galaxies in a cubic region from the SDSS, divide it into smaller subcubes and shuffle them around. We quantify the average filamentarity and planarity in the 3D galaxy distribution as a function of the density threshold and compare them with those from the shuffled realizations of the original data. The analysis is repeated for different shuffling lengths by varying the size of the subcubes. The average filamentarity and planarity in the shuffled data show a significant reduction when the shuffling scales are smaller than the maximum size of the genuine filaments and sheets. We observe a statistically significant reduction in these statistical measures even at a shuffling scale of $\sim 130 \, {{\, \rm Mpc}}$, indicating that the filaments and sheets in three dimensions can extend up to this length scale. They may extend to somewhat larger length scales that are missed by our analysis due to the limited size of the SDSS data cube. We expect to determine these length scales by applying this method to deeper and larger surveys in future.
Fundamental parameters for double-lined spectroscopic and detached eclipsing binary system J064726.39 + 223431.6
Authors: Kovalev Mikhail , Wang Song , Chen Xuefei , Han Zhanwen 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a study of the detached eclipsing binary J064726.39 + 223431.6 using spectra from the LAMOST medium-resolution spectra and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometry. We use full-spectrum fitting to derive radial velocities and spectral parameters: ${T_{\rm eff}}_{A,B}=6177,\, 5820$ K, $V \sin {i}_{A,B}=59,\, 50~\, {\rm km}\, {\rm s}^{-1}$, and [Fe/H]A,B = −0.19 dex. The orbital solution and light-curve analysis suggest that it is a close pair of fast rotating stars on a circular orbit. We measure their masses to be $M_{A,B}=1.307\pm 0.007,\, 1.129\pm 0.005\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ and their radii to be $R_{A,B}=1.405\pm 0.052,\, 1.219\pm 0.060\, \mathrm{R}_\odot$, resulting in surface gravities of $\log {\rm (g)}_{A,B}=4.259\pm 0.033,\, 4.319\pm 0.042$ (cgs). Theoretical models cannot match all of these properties, predicting significantly higher Teff for a given metallicity. The derived age of the system is 1.56 Gyr, which indicates that both components are younger than Sun, which contradicts to much longer orbit’s circularization time-scale.