bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The solitary versus supported experience: Care inequality between rare and common cancer patients
Authors: de Heus Eline , van de Camp Kalinka , Driehuis Esmee , van der Zwan Jan Maarten , van Herpen Carla M. L. , Merkx Matthias A. W. , Duijts Saskia F. A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivePatients with a rare cancer (RC) often have a more complex disease trajectory than patients with a common cancer. Research involving both patient groups is needed to identify differences and resemblances. In this study, we aimed to explore and compare experiences, needs and quality of life of patients with rare and common cancer throughout the disease trajectory.MethodsA qualitative focus group study was conducted, including patients with rare and common cancer (n = 25). Participants were purposively selected to reflect heterogeneity of cancer types. A semi‐structured topic list was used. Focus groups (n = 4) were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed, using thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes were identified emphasizing care inequality between patients with rare and common cancer: (1) The solitary experience: lack of information and support impact the RC patient, (2) Sudden impact, but recognition reduces the common cancer burden, and (3) Absence of psychosocial care requires being empowered as a cancer patient.ConclusionsPatients with RC are faced with enormous challenges due to the high impact of their solitary experience on their quality of life, while patients with common cancer generally experience social support and recognition alleviating their burden. Centralisation of care for patients with RC is needed and tailored psychosocial care should be provided to overcome inequalities.
Recalcitrant maize: Conserving agrobiodiversity in the era of genetically modified organisms
Authors: Fenzi Marianna , Foyer Jean , Boisvert Valérie , Perales Hugo 
Published: September 2023

Societal Impact StatementThe problem of genetically modified maize contamination in Mexico is the result of both planned and unplanned consequences of scientific and political choices. We show how a risk management strategy based on the modernist dichotomy between “modern” and “native” has failed to protect Mexican landraces and has marginalized other forms of knowledge that are urgently needed to understand and support the fluidity of Mexican biocultural landscapes. Farmers' seed systems are a fundamental source of crop resilience and evolution. They can constitute safe pathways for creating new maize varieties able to withstand climate and societal changes.Summary

In 2001, an alert on the contamination of Mexican maize landraces by genetically modified (GM) maize spurred new actions to conserve the world's biggest reservoir of maize genetic diversity. We analyze how the largest maize collection effort in Mexican history, and the definition of the conservation procedures employed in it, either involved or marginalized different approaches to this environmental problem.
The article is grounded in the sociohistorical analysis of the controversy of GM maize contamination and brings together new historiographical perspectives on Mexican scientific and political interest in native maize. It also draws on ethnographic approaches, extended fieldwork, and analysis of data from Mexican government agencies.
We show how different epistemological traditions have made the risk of GM maize contamination (in)visible and thereby generated normative choices. We illustrate how the GMO controversy brought the theme of native maize back onto the Mexican political and scientific agenda. The normativity that shaped the controversy in the 2000s influenced current knowledge and how the problem of GM maize introgression is still addressed today.
The entanglements between biotechnology, native landraces, and farmers' practices are too dense to be “scientized” and kept separate to be made manageable as areas of purely technical “risk.” The result is a geography of maize infused with all sorts of temporalities and materiality, which escapes the bounds of technoscientific framings. This intricate environment‐making process calls for new collaborations among epistemic cultures to tackle the possible consequences of GMOs for agrobiodiversity, seed systems, and their resilience.
Hamiltonian Analysis of f(Q)$f(\mathbb {Q})$ Gravity and the Failure of the Dirac–Bergmann Algorithm for Teleparallel Theories of Gravity
Authors: D'Ambrosio Fabio , Heisenberg Lavinia , Zentarra Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, gravity has enjoyed considerable attention in the literature and important results have been obtained. However, the question of how many physical degrees of freedom the theory propagates—and how this number may depend on the form of the function f—has not been answered satisfactorily. In this article it is shown that a Hamiltonian analysis based on the Dirac‐Bergmann algorithm—one of the standard methods to address this type of question—fails. The source of the failure is isolated and it is shown that other commonly considered teleparallel theories of gravity are affected by the same problem. Furthermore, it is pointed out that the number of degrees of freedom obtained in Phys. Rev. D 106 no. 4, (2022) by K. Hu, T. Katsuragawa, and T. Qui (namely eight), based on the Dirac‐Bergmann algorithm, is wrong. Using a different approach, it is shown that the upper bound on the degrees of freedom is seven. Finally, a more promising strategy for settling this important question is proposed.
Ethanol extract of Pueraria lobata improve acute myocardial infarction in rats via regulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism
Authors: Zhang Pin , Fang Zhengyu , Zhao Min , Yi Bojiao , Huang Yihe , Yang Hongjun , Guo Na , Zhao Chunjie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a multifactorial disease with high mortality rate worldwide. Ethanol extract of Pueraria lobata (EEPL) has been widely used in treating cardiovascular diseases in China. This study aimed to explore the underlying therapeutic mechanism of EEPL in AMI rats.Experimental ProcedureWe first evaluated the anti‐AMI efficacy of EEPL through immunohistochemistry staining and biochemical indexes. Then, UPLC‐MS/MS, 16S rDNA, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing were used to analyze the alterations in bile acid metabolism and intestinal flora. Finally, the influence of EEPL on ilem bile acid metabolism, related enzymes expression, and transporter proteins expression in rats were verified by mass spectrometry image and ELISA.Key ResultsThe results showed that EEPL can reduce cardiac impairment in AMI rats. Besides, EEPL effectively increased bile acid levels and regulated gut microbiota disturbance in AMI rats via increasing CYP7A1 expression and restoring intestinal microbiota diversity, separately. Moreover, it can increase bile acids reabsorption and fecal excretion through inhibiting FXR‐FGF15 signaling pathway and increasing OST‐α expression, which associated with Lachnoclostridium.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur findings demonstrated that EEPL alleviated AMI partially by remediating intestinal dysbiosis and promoting bile acid biosynthesis, which provided new targets for AMI treatment.
Human immunodeficiency virus transmission—Mechanisms underlying the cell‐to‐cell spread of human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Calado Marta , Pires David , Conceição Carolina , Santos‐Costa Quirina , Anes Elsa , Azevedo‐Pereira José Miguel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite the success of combined antiretroviral therapy in controlling viral load and reducing the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, an estimated 1.5 million new infections occurred worldwide in 2021. These new infections are mainly the result of sexual intercourse and thus involve cells present on the genital mucosa, such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages (Mø) and CD4+ T lymphocytes. Understanding the mechanisms by which HIV interacts with these cells and how HIV exploits these interactions to establish infection in a new human host is critical to the development of strategies to prevent and control HIV transmission. In this review, we explore how HIV has evolved to manipulate some of the physiological roles of these cells, thereby gaining access to strategic cellular niches that are critical for the spread and pathogenesis of HIV infection. The interaction of HIV with DCs, Mø and CD4+ T lymphocytes, and the role of the intercellular transfer of viral particles through the establishment of the infectious or virological synapses, but also through membrane protrusions such as filopodia and tunnelling nanotubes (TNTs), and cell fusion or cell engulfment processes are presented and discussed.
Reactivity Insights of Methoxyphenyl Boronic Acids in Rieche Formylation Reaction
Authors: Santarsiere Alessandro , Funicello Maria , Lupattelli Paolo , Choppin Sabine , Colobert Françoise , Hanquet Gilles , Chiummiento Lucia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, mono‐ or poly‐methoxylated phenyl boronic acids, were subjected to Rieche formylation. Unexpectedly the corresponding ipso‐substituted aryl aldehydes were obtained in excellent yields and, for some of these substrates, the formylated arylboronic acids were also synthesized in moderate yields. These findings provide new insights into the general reactivity and versatility of arylboronic acids.
Human resource redeployability and entrepreneurial hiring strategy
Authors: Hietaniemi Liinus , Santamaria Simone , Kacperczyk Aleksandra , Peltonen Juhana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryThe timing of talent acquisition is a central decision for new ventures. On one hand, hiring after demand is proven minimizes losses. On the other hand, hiring before demand is proven allows new ventures to start developing unique capabilities. We resolve this tension by proposing that the timing depends on human resource redeployability. We test our theory with the population of Finnish ventures showing that portfolio entrepreneurs hire more employees early on because of higher redeployment potential and that they hire employees with more transferable skills in order to benefit from the redeployment option. To probe our mechanisms, we examine how talent acquisition strategies in portfolio and standalone ventures vary with external conditions that reduce or amplify the benefits of redeployment.Managerial SummaryThis paper explores when startups begin scaling their team. Our findings suggest that the potential to redeploy employees (to another startup, for example) motivates entrepreneurs to scale earlier. At the same time, we find that the entrepreneurs who scale earlier due to redeployment potential tend to hire employees with skills that can be transferred more easily. We further show that our results are affected by the level of rigidity in the labor market. When labor markets become more flexible, the impact of easy redeployment on an entrepreneur's hiring strategy becomes less important. Our findings provide important insights into how the external environment and policy changes can affect the trajectory of startups even at their earliest stages.
Nanotrap Grafted Anionic MOF for Superior Uranium Extraction from Seawater
Authors: More Yogeshwar D. , Mollick Samraj , Saurabh Satyam , Fajal Sahel , Tricarico Michele , Dutta Subhajit , Shirolkar Mandar M. , Mandal Writakshi , Tan Jin‐Chong , Ghosh Sujit K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOn‐demand uranium extraction from seawater (UES) can mitigate growing sustainable energy needs, while high salinity and low concentration hinder its recovery. A novel anionic metal‐organic framework (iMOF‐1A) is demonstrated adorned with rare Lewis basic pyrazinic sites as uranyl‐specific nanotrap serving as robust ion exchange material for selective uranium extraction, rendering its intrinsic ionic characteristics to minimize leaching. Ionic adsorbents sequestrate 99.8% of the uranium in 120 mins (from 20,000 ppb to 24 ppb) and adsorb large amounts of 1336.8 mg g−1 and 625.6 mg g−1 from uranium‐spiked deionized water and artificial seawater, respectively, with high distribution coefficient, KdU ≥ 0.97 × 106 mL g−1. The material offers a very high enrichment index of ≈5754 and it achieves the UES standard of 6.0 mg g−1 in 16 days, and harvests 9.42 mg g−1 in 30 days from natural seawater. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) studies quantify thermodynamic parameters, previously uncharted in uranium sorption experiments. Infrared nearfield nanospectroscopy (nano‐FTIR) and tip‐force microscopy (TFM) enable chemical and mechanical elucidation of host‐guest interaction at atomic level in sub‐micron crystals revealing extant capture events throughout the crystal rather than surface solely. Comprehensive experimentally guided computational studies reveal ultrahigh‐selectivity for uranium from seawater, marking mechanistic insight.
Excellent Nonlinear Optical M[M4Cl][Ga11S20] (M = A/Ba, A = K, Rb) Achieved by Unusual Cationic Substitution Strategy
Authors: Lou Xiao‐Yu , Jiang Xiao‐Ming , Liu Bin‐Wen , Guo Guo‐Cong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe typical chalcopyrite AgGaQ2 (Q = S, Se) are commercial infrared (IR) second‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials; however, they suffer from unexpected laser‐induced damage thresholds (LIDTs) primairy due to their narrow band gaps. Herein, what sets this apart from previously reported chemical substitutions is the utilization of an unusual cationic substitution strategy, represented by [[SZn4]S12 + [S4Zn13]S24 + 11ZnS4 ⇒ MS12+ [M4Cl]S24 + 11GaS4], in which the covalent SxZny units in the diamond‐like sphalerite ZnS are synergistically replaced by cationic MxCly units, resulting in two novel salt‐inclusion sulfides, M[M4Cl][Ga11S20] (M = A/Ba, A = K, 1; Rb, 2). As expected, the introduction of mixed cations in the GaS4 anionic frameworks of 1 and 2 leads to wide band gaps (3.04 and 3.01 eV), which exceeds the value of AgGaS2, facilitating the improvement of high LIDTs (9.4 and 10.3 × AgGaS2@1.06 µm, respectively). Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 exhibit moderate second‐harmonic generation intensities (0.84 and 0.78 × AgGaS2@2.9 µm, respectively), mainly originating from the orderly packing tetrahedral GaS4 units. Importantly, this study demonstrates the successful application of the cationic substitution strategy based on diamond‐like structures to provide a feasible chemical design insight for constructing high‐performance NLO materials.
The effect of using steel fibers reinforced concrete layer in compression zone on the flexural behavior of over‐reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Duhaim Hussein M. , Mashrei Mohammed A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDuctility is one of the most important requirements of RC design besides other requirements such as strength and stiffness. In recent years, concrete beams with a large amount of tensile reinforcement ratio (ρ) have been required in large projects, such as high‐rise buildings and bridges. Using high (ρ) increases the strength and stiffness of the beams and leads to a decrease the ductility. This paper aimed to investigate the effect of using steel fibers reinforced concrete (SFRC) layer in compression zone on the flexural behavior of over‐reinforced concrete beams. Partial replacement of concrete with SFRC layer in compression zone was used to avoid the brittle compression failure of concrete. For this purpose, 12 over‐reinforced concrete beams with a span of 1300 mm and a cross‐section of 120 mm × 180 mm were cast and tested under a three‐point loading. The first beam was used as a reference beam and others as strengthened beams using SFRC layer. The effects of thickness and length of strengthening layer, (ρ), volume fractions of steel fibers, and strengthening methods on flexural performance of tested beams were investigated. The flexural capacity, failure modes, crack patterns, load–deflection relationships, load–strain relationships, ductility index, and toughness were evaluated. The results showed that the suggested technique (SFRC layer in the compression zone) is an effective technique to increase ultimate load, ductility, and toughness by up to 35.72%, 121.01%, and 349.16%, respectively, compared to the reference beam. Furthermore, the failure mode changed from brittle to ductile failure. Also, one of the main advantages of this technique is allows to increase of (ρ) up to 8.55% (4.15ρb) without needing the compressive reinforcement. The results of this study indicate that the using SFRC layer in the compression zone is an appropriate and economical method to provide high flexural capacity and ductility over‐reinforced concrete beams.
Recent progress in melt pyrolysis: Fabrication and applications of high‐value carbon materials from abundant sources
Authors: Zhang Kuikui , Huang Zeai , Yang Mingkai , Liu Mengying , Zhou Yunxiao , Zhan Junjie , Zhou Ying 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe escalating demand for sophisticated carbon products, including carbon black, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene, has yet to be adequately addressed by conventional techniques with respect to large‐scale, efficient, and controllable carbon material synthesis. Molten pyrolysis emerges as a propitious strategy for generating such high‐value carbon materials. Abundant carbon sources encompassing methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), biomass, and plastics can undergo thermal decomposition into carbon constituents within molten metal or salt media. This methodology not only obviates dependence on traditional fossil fuels but additionally enables modulation of carbon material morphologies by varying the molten media, thereby presenting substantial potential for effective and controlled carbon material fabrication. In this review, we examine the capacity of molten pyrolysis in producing high‐value carbon materials derived from CH4, CO2, biomass, and plastics. Concurrently, we present a detailed overview of the potential applications of this novel methodology, particularly emphasizing its relevance in the fields of supercapacitors, flexible materials, and electrochemical cells. Furthermore, we contemplate future trajectories for molten pyrolysis, accentuating that amalgamation with auxiliary processes or technologies—like renewable energy systems and carbon capture and storage—represents a remarkably promising route for continued investigation.
Using Literature to Facilitate Restorative Conversations that Foster Conflict Resolution
Authors: Kelly Katie , Siekman Madison , Mahan Reilly 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDuring recess a conflict occurred between two fourth graders. A peer attempted to mediate unsuccessfully. Frustrated, the student protested, “[Teachers] never listen to us!” The student felt unheard and sought to play a more active role in conflict resolution. This article explores the use of literature to facilitate restorative conversations to foster conflict resolution by honoring all students' voices, perspectives, and experiences. Centering students' voices creates environments that disrupt oppressive systems and cultivate equitable anti‐racist learning spaces.
The geomorphological and ecological functioning of the Silala River
Authors: Mao Luca 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPerennial rivers in desert regions are relevant environments that tend to concentrate most ecosystem services and values, but are not as studied as much as intermittent and ephemeral rivers. This article reports on the main morphological and ecological features of the Silala River, a narrow permanent river in the arid region of Antofagasta, in the north of Chile. The study was motivated by the dispute between Chile and Bolivia concerning the status of the Silala as an international watercourse. Field surveys of sediment transport using traps and marked sediments (colored and tagged clasts) revealed that finer sediments are moved in higher percentages and for longer distances than coarser sediment fractions, which corroborates the size‐selective nature of sediment dynamics in the river. The stream features the typical step/pool‐plane bed morphology that is to be expected in an alluvial river with the given boundary conditions of slope, grain size of sediments, and lateral confinement. Furthermore, the Morphological Quality Index (MQI) classifies the river as featuring overall good morphological conditions and the river hosts an abundant population of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Although this is a non‐native species, their presence shows that the general conditions of the river (availability of food and presence of aquatic habitats) are able to sustain a population of resident fish. Overall, the morphological forms, geomorphic processes, and ecological features of the Silala River are typical of an alluvial stream with a permanent flow regime.This article is categorized under:
Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
Human Water > Rights to Water
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems
Regulation of alternative splicing: Functional interplay with epigenetic modifications and its implication to cancer
Authors: Wang Ning , Hu Yue , Wang Zefeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEukaryotic gene expression is intricately regulated at multiple levels. The protein‐coding genes are first transcribed as pre‐mRNAs in the nucleus and undergo a series of RNA processing steps before being transported into the cytoplasm for translation. During RNA processing, most human genes (>95%) undergo alternative splicing to generate multiple mRNA isoforms from a single gene, which effectively diversifies the genome complexity. Since the splicing of most genes occurs co‐transcriptionally, the regulation layers of gene expression often show functional interactions with each other. In this review, we provide a brief overview of alternative splicing regulation in three different layers (controlled by the splicing machinery, transcription process, and chromatin structure), emphasizing the regulatory roles of epigenetic modifications and the crosstalk between these layers. Specifically, we categorize the major effects of the epigenetic modifications on alternative splicing into three different types: by affecting transcription rate, splicing factor recruitment, or the expression/activity of splicing factor. The dysregulation of epigenetics and splicing are extremely common in cancer, we also discuss the potential mechanisms of how epigenetic changes can lead to splicing dysregulation and their functional consequences. We aim to provide insights into the complicated regulation of different gene expression layers, which will shed light on the novel approaches to modulate disease‐related splicing dysregulation.This article is categorized under:
RNA Processing > 3′ End Processing
RNA Processing > Splicing Mechanisms
RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease