bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-based prediction model for volume responsiveness in critically ill patients with oliguric acute kidney injury
Authors: Hui Yang , Cao Juan , Zhou Yuejun , Wang Yiqing , Wen Chengping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and objectives:
Fluid balance in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients can have adverse consequences if it is too high or too low, so rational fluid management is needed according to the patient’s volume status. This study aimed to develop a prediction model that can effectively identify volume-responsive (VR) and volume-unresponsive (VU) AKI patients.
Methods
We selected AKI patients from the US-based critical care database (Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care, MIMIC-IV2.2) who had urine output <0.5 ml/kg/h in the first 6 h after ICU admission and fluid intake >5 l in the next 6 h. Patients who received diuretics and renal replacement therapy on day 1 were excluded. We developed three predictive models, based on either machine learning Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), random forest or logistic regression, to predict urine output >0.65 ml/kg/h in the 18 h following the initial 6 h of oliguria assessment, we divided the whole sample into training and testing sets by a ratio of 3:1，after training and optimizing the model, ranked the importance of features and evaluated the stability and accuracy of the model.
Main results
We analyzed 6295 patients, of whom 1438 (22.8%) experienced volume responsiveness and exhibited increased urine output after receiving more than 5 liters of fluid. Urinary creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), blood glucose and age were identified as important predictive factors for volume responsiveness. The Random Forest model performed the best, followed by the GBM model.The machine learning GBM outperformed the traditional logistic regression model in distinguishing between the volume responsive (VR) and volume unresponsive (VU) groups (AU-ROC, 0.874; 95% CI, 0.867 to 0.874 vs. 0.789; 95% CI, 0.779 to 0.789, respectively).
Conclusions
The Random Forest and GBM model, compared to the traditional logistic regression model, demonstrated a better ability to differentiate patients who did not exhibit a response in urine output to fluid intake. This finding suggests that machine learning techniques have the potential to improve the development and validation of predictive models in critical care research. Based on the feature importance ranking, creatinine, bun, age, glucose, and bicarbonate were identified as highly important features in the model could predicted VR in AKI patients.
Impact of sample refrigeration and freezing on the bacteriological counts of different bedding materials for dairy cows
Authors: Poli Sara Fusar , Monistero Valentina , Pollera Claudia , Freu Gustavo , Bronzo Valerio , Piccinini Renata , Nocetti Marco , Sala Giulia , Santos Marcos Veiga dos , Moroni Paolo , Addis Maria Filippa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background Different organic and inorganic bedding materials can be used in dairy farms. Among organic materials, there is an increasing interest in alternative substrates based on recycled manure solids (RMS). Microbiological analyses are crucial to monitor the microbial load and evaluate the presence of pathogens impacting animal welfare and health. However, logistic factors may hamper the possibility of immediately sending fresh samples to the laboratory, requiring storage in cooled conditions before analysis.
Methods We assessed the impact of sample refrigeration and freezing of different organic and inorganic bedding substrates including separated raw manure solids (SRMS), anaerobically digested manure solids (ADMS), and new sand (NS), on the total bacterial count (TBC) and on different microbial classes.
Results The TBC was higher in fresh NS and ADMS than in refrigerated and frozen samples of the same substrates; in addition, the TBC of ADMS was higher in refrigerated than frozen samples. The TBC of SRMS did not change significantly with refrigeration and freezing. Freezing reduced the total Gram-negative bacterial count more than refrigeration in all substrates. In fresh NS, Gram-negatives were higher than in both refrigerated and frozen NS. Escherichia coli counts were significantly lower in frozen than in refrigerated SRMS. However, both refrigeration and freezing of ADMS resulted in no E. coli growth. The coliform counts were also lower in frozen than refrigerated NS and SRMS. Frozen NS and ADMS showed lower counts compared to refrigeration for Gram-negative bacteria other than E. coli and coliforms. On the other hand, cold storage did not significantly impact the streptococcal count of all evaluated bedding substrates.
Conclusion Refrigeration and freezing affect the bacteriological results of bedding substrates, with freezing generally leading to lower counts than refrigeration. Whenever possible, preference should be given to analyzing fresh bedding samples, however, when necessary, refrigeration would be recommended over freezing, while acknowledging that the measured bacterial load might underestimate the actual microbial content.
How did African Stock Markets react to the Russia-Ukraine crisis “black-Swan” event? Empirical Insights from Event Study
Authors: Oyadeyi Olajide Omowonuola , Arogundade Sodiq , Biyase Mduduzi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This study builds on the recent literature by investigating how various types of African stock markets responded to the Russia-Ukraine crisis (commonly referred to as the black-swan event). The empirical analysis used in this paper centred on event study analysis, a statistical technique used to measure the impact of a specific event. The findings show that the black-swan event had a significant negative impact on 14 of the 20 selected African stock markets (14/20), with stocks having a negative abnormal return on the event day, and out of this, nine stocks' abnormal returns are statistically significant. These include Safaricom Kenya, Commercial International Bank, Attijariwafa Bank, Morocco Casablanca Index, Egyptian Exchange 30, Nairobi All Share Index, AVI Equity, MCB Group Ltd, FTSE/JSE All Share, Delta Corp. Ltd, Stock Exchange of Mauritius, Tunisia Stock Exchange, Tanzania All Share Index, and Banque de Tunisie. Furthermore, the study discovers that African stock markets reacted heterogeneously to the impact of the crises, while some stocks were severely affected, some were minimally affected. The study concludes that African stock markets should build a resilient market capable of withstanding external shock and reducing the risk of contagion.
A Novel Complementary Pathway of Cordycepin Biosynthesis in Cordyceps militaris
Authors: Zhang Hucheng , Yang Jun , Luo Shuai , Liu Linying , Yang Guowei , Gao Bo , Fan Haitao , Deng Lina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We determined whether there exists a complementary pathway of cordycepin biosynthesis in wild-type Cordyceps militaris, cordycepin-high-producing strain C. militaris GYS60, and cordycepin-low-producing strain C. militaris GYS80. Differentially expressed genes were identified through transcriptomes of the three strains. Compared with C. militaris, in GYS60 and GYS80, we identified 145 and 470 upregulated and 96 and 594 downregulated genes. Compared with GYS80, in GYS60, we identified 306 upregulated and 207 downregulated genes. GO analysis revealed that upregulated genes were mostly involved in detoxification, antioxidant, and molecular transducer in GYS60. By COG and KEGG analyses, eight genes were significantly upregulated; five genes related to purine metabolism, one to ATP production, one to secondary metabolite transport, and one to RNA degradation. In GYS60, cordycepin was significantly increased by upregulation of ATP production, which promoted 3',5'-cyclic AMP production. Cyclic AMP accelerated 3'-AMP accumulation, and cordycepin continued to be synthesized and exported. We verified the novel complementary pathway by adding the precursor adenosine and analyzing the expression of four key genes involved in the main pathway of cordycepin biosynthesis. Upon adenosine addition, cordycepin was increased by 51.2% and 10.1%, respectively, in C. militaris and GYS60. Four genes in the main pathway in GYS60 were not upregulated.
Reaping the hormonal rewards: investigating the role of sex hormones and cognitive performance in healthy older adults
Authors: Julian Ross , Fröhlich Stephanie , Müller Katrin , Dammhahn Melanie , Voelcker-Rehage Claudia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Sex differences in cognitive performance have been extensively documented in scientific research, and these disparities continue to be observed in later stages of life. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the underlying factors contributing to cognition in general and sex differences in specific is imperative to promote healthy cognitive ageing. Among these factors, sex hormones, specifically oestrogen and testosterone, have been implicated in cognitive performance variations. Nevertheless, there is a relative scarcity of studies investigating the relationship between sex hormones and cognitive performance in older adults. Hence, the current study aimed to investigate sex differences in cognitive performance and elucidate the association between sex hormones and these performance discrepancies.
Methods
Using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 121 older adults (aged ≥ 80 years), cognitive performance measures were divided into two cognitive components: executive functioning and memory. Subsequently, two mediation analyses were conducted. The first analysis aimed to determine the direct effects of sex and sex hormones (oestrogen and testosterone) on executive functioning and memory. The second analysis incorporated an oestrogen-by-sex interaction further to investigate the effects of oestrogen on cognitive performance.
Results
The results revealed that females outperformed males in executive functioning and memory, while oestrogen directly impacted performance. Furthermore, oestrogen exhibited a stronger association with executive functioning in females than in males. These findings indicate the possibility that early life or lifelong brain shaping influenced by sex hormones leads to the existence and persistence of sex differences in cognitive performance, with oestrogen playing a significant role in developing and maintaining female cognitive performance.
Conclusion
Overall, these findings have implications for basic research and clinical and cognitive ageing research development to promote cognitive health. Understanding the differences in cognitive abilities and the influence of sex-specific hormones between males and females can inform the research design and interventions to support healthy cognitive ageing.
Bulk CsPbClxBr3-x (1≤x≤3) perovskite nanocrystals/polystyrene nanocomposites with controlled Rayleigh scattering for light guide plate
Authors: Yang Bai , Liu Chongming , Zhu Zhicheng , Pan Kaibo , Fu Yuan , Zhang Kai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs)/polymer nanocomposites can combine the advantages of each other, but extremely few works can achieve the fabrication of PNCs/polymer nanocomposites by bulk polymerization. We originally adopt a two-type ligand strategy to fabricate bulk PNCs/polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites, including a new type of synthetic polymerizable ligand. The CsPbCl3 PNCs/PS nanocomposites show extremely high transparency even the doping content up to 5 wt%. The high transparency can be ascribed to the Rayleigh scattering as the PNCs distribute uniformly without obvious aggregation. Based on this behavior, we first exploit the potential of PNCs to serve as scatters inside light guided plate (LGP), whose surface illuminance and uniformity can be improved, and this new kind of LGP is compatible with the advanced liquid crystal display technology. Thanks to the facile composition adjustment of CsPbClxBr3−x (1 ≤ x ≤ 3) PNCs, the Rayleigh scattering behavior can also be adjusted so as to the performance of LGP. The best-performing 5.0-inch LGP based on CsPbCl2.5Br0.5 PNCs/PS nanocomposites shows 20.5 times higher illuminance and 1.8 times higher uniformity in display than the control. The LGP based on PNCs/PS nanocomposite exhibits an enormous potential in commercialization no matter based on itself or combined with the LGP-related technology.
Reading between the lines – complete blood count parameters as prognostic factors in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Stefaniuk Paulina , Muzyka-Kasietczuk Justyna , Koczkodaj Dorota , Hus Marek , Podhorecka Monika 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Numerous research proved the prognostic significance of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio (LMR), Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) in few hematological malignancies. This retrospective cohort study conducted on a group of 204 patients aimed to analyze the role of NLR, LMR, PLR and RDW as markers of prognosis in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Initial NLR, RDW-CV were on average higher and LMR, PLR lower within dead patients compared to patients alive at 36 month of observation, MD = 0.29 CI95 [0.01;0.48], p = 0.035; MD = 1.50 CI95 [0.80;2.70], p = 0.001; MD = -0.71 CI95 [-1.69;-0.25], p = 0.001; MD = -16.92 CI95 [-25.25;-3.03], p = 0.004, respectively. Additionally, NLR, RDW-CV and RDW-SD were higher, and LMR lower on average within patients not responding to therapy compared with patients with any response, MD = 0.34 CI95 [0.08;0.49], p = 0.005; MD = 2.00 CI95 [1.10;2.60], p < 0.00; MD = 3.75 CI95 [0.10;6.70], p = 0.043; MD = -0.34 CI95 [-0.91;-0.05], p = 0.015, respectively. Higher NLR, RDW-CV, RDW-SD and lower LMR, PLR are poor prognostic factors, that may help risk-stratify patients with AML.
Optimizing radiation performance of plasma based hybrid bioconvective nanofluids integrated Magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) micropump for tertiary level radiative oncology
Authors: Abid Abyaz , Azad A. K. , Bhuiyan Arafat A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This research paper investigates the optimization of radiation performance of a plasma-based bioconvective nanofluid integrated Magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) micropump for radiative oncology. It addresses a literature gap by analysing the radiative impact of blood-based hybrid nanofluids in MHD micropumps. Three blood-based bio-convective radiating hybrid nanofluids – blood – Pt, blood – Au and blood - MWCNT are studied to understand their radiation behaviour in MHD pump while being employed as transportation medium. The investigation employs two non-dimensional parameters, namely Rd (Radiation number) and Ha (Hartmann number), to examine the fluid dynamics, magnetic characteristics, and electrical properties of the MHD micropump. The temperature gradient, velocity distribution, and pressure drop along the flow channel are examined within the specified range of Rd and Ha. Magnetic flux density (MFD) and electric flux intensity (EFI) are evaluated to understand nanoparticle behaviour during drug delivery and blood transportation. Findings highlight that MWCNT and Pt are the most efficient bioconvective nanoparticles for plasma transportation under high radiative conditions. MWCNT-based blood flow exhibits desirable characteristics, including sufficient intake pressure and minimal pressure drop. Coherence between radiation flux and electromagnetic flux reduces pumping power and ensures uniform heat dissipation for improved drug delivery. Au nanoparticles provide maximum magnetic flux density, even in highly radiative environments, making them suitable for applications like embedded chemotherapy or cell treatment. Au nanoparticles maintain moderate electrical flux intensity with a minimal drop, particularly at higher radiative environments influenced by the Radiation number. Conclusively, it has been identified that MWCNT and Au are superior nanofluids for advanced radiative oncological treatments. These nanofluids have the potential to enhance plasma transportation, thermal regulation, and aetilogical disease management. The present study provides significant findings on enhancing the radiation performance in MHD micropumps through utilization of blood-based hybrid nanofluids, thereby offering potential advantages to the domain of biomedical engineering.
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells improve myocardial fibrosis and restore miRNA-133a expression in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Liu Boxin , He Jingjing , Yan Wei , Feng Bao , Chen Yimeng , Guo Ruiyun , Griffin Matthew Dallas , Hynes Seán , Shen Sanbing , Liu Yan , Cui Huixian , Ma Jun , O'Brien Timothy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious health-threatening diabetic complication characterized by myocardial fibrosis and abnormal cardiac function. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (hUC-MSCs) are considered as a potential therapeutic tool for DCM and myocardial fibrosis via the regulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of tail vein injection of hUC-MSCs on DCM and determine effects on miRNA and target mRNA expression.
Methods: A DCM mouse model was induced by multiple low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) injections and the effect of hUC-MSCs administration was assessed at two time points, 10 and 18 weeks after induction of diabetes mellitus. Analysis of mouse heart tissues was undertaken two weeks after tail vein injection of hUC-MSCs. Biochemical methods, echocardiography, histopathology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to analyze blood glucose, body weight, cardiac structure and function, degree of myocardial fibrosis, and expression of fibrosis related mRNA and miRNA.
Results: DCM animals treated with saline had impaired cardiac function, increased fibrosis and decreased expression of miRNA-133a after 10 and 18 weeks of DM. The myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction induced in DCM mice were significantly improved 2 weeks after hUC-MSCs treatment at both an early and late disease time point. Furthermore, pro-fibrotic indicators such as α-SMA, collagen I, collagen III, Smad3, and Smad4 levels were significantly reduced after hUC-MSCs infusion compared with DCM hearts from animals treated with normal saline, and anti-fibrotic indicators such as FGF1 and miRNA-133a were significantly increased.
Conclusion: These results suggest that hUC-MSCs may improve cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis in DCM by regulating miRNA-133a and fibrosis related mRNAs.
A simple access to hexahydropyrimidine from 1,3-diamine: Synthesis and solid-state characterization
Authors: Zerrouki Abdelkhalek , Nicolaï Béatrice , Taleb Mustapha , Legrand François-Xavier , Guiblin Nicolas , Bahari Zahra , Kadiri Sghir El 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
1,3-bis((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)hexahydropyrimidine were readily prepared by cyclocondensation of propane-1,3-diamine with a mixture of (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methanol and formaldehyde. The 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopic data of this ligand have been fully assigned and are consistent with the molecular structure. The crystalline structure of the compound was fully determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction at 150K and at room temperature, together with the isobaric thermal expansion. Finally, during the first heating, DSC measurements showed no phase transition up to the melting temperature at 385.1 K (111.9°C).
Dengue virus infection in Aedes mosquitoes at the interface of human-livestock-wildlife ecosystem in Kilosa District, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Authors: Machelle Ines Sebastian , Msolla Michael Jackson , Ngingo Baraka Laurian , Mwanyika Gaspary , Makange Mariam , Misinzo Gerald 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Arboviruses are an important cause of human and animal diseases worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine mosquito abundance and screen for the presence of dengue virus in Aedes mosquitoes at the interface of human-livestock-wildlife ecosystem in Kilosa district, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, adult mosquitoes were collected outdoors using propane-powered Mosquito Magnet® Liberty Plus traps. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted on pooled adult Aedes mosquitoes to screen for the presence of dengue (DENV). Nucleotide partial sequencing of the structural polyprotein region of DENV was done to confirm and characterize DENV virus using Sanger sequencing.
Results
A total of 1,340 mosquitoes belonging to four genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, and Mansonia) were collected. Aedes aegypti accounted for the majority of collected mosquito species (46.0%; n = 613). Thirty-six pools of female Ae. aegypti were screened for the presence of selected arboviruses using RT-PCR. Dengue virus was detected in 3% (1/36) of the tested Aedes mosquito pools. Nucleotide partial sequencing of the structural polyprotein region of DENV followed by phylogenetic analysis showed that the strain (Accession no. MW133786) clustered with DENV-3 strains previously reported in China and Kenya.
Conclusion
The findings of this study indicated that Ae. aegypti was the most abundant mosquito species at the interface of human-livestock-wildlife ecosystem in Kilosa district, Tanzania and DENV was detected in tested Aedes mosquitoes which signifies that local transmission of DENV may be taking place. This indicates that the human population in the area is at risk of acquiring dengue infection.
Clinical Predictors of Germline DNA Damage Repair Gene Mutations in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yip Steven , Sunderland Katherine , Ledet Elisa , Beigi Arshia , Angeles Arkhjamil , Khalaf Daniel , Sabol Rachel , Warner Evan , Schrader Intan , Sun Sophie , Vandekerkhove Gillian , Annala Matti , Wyatt Alexander , Sartor Oliver , Chi kim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: There is a need to identify patients with advanced prostate cancer harboring an inherited mutation in selected DNA damage repair (DDR) genes, as there are prognostic, treatment, and familial risk implications. We aimed to develop a model to predict an individual risk of harbouring a germline DDR gene mutation in patients with metastatic and/or castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) disease.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study was performed on 499 patients with metastatic and/or CRPC, who were tested for germline DDR gene mutations. Clinical and pathologic characteristics were compared between patients with and without a germline DDR mutation. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to develop a prediction model, which was internally validated using a bootstrapping method.
Results: Eight predictors (age at diagnosis, time to CRPC, Gleason score, intraductal/cribriform histology, family history, visceral, bone, and lymph node metastases) were included in a logistic model to predict the probability of a germline DDR mutation. A formula to calculate an individual patient’s mutation risk is provided. Two optimal risk cut-offs were explored.
Conclusion: We provide a predictive model of germline DDR gene mutation status in patients with metastatic and/or CRPC, using eight clinical-pathologic parameters. Predictive models such as this could be used to estimate a patient’s risk of harbouring a germline DDR mutation to determine prioritization for germline testing.