bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transforming Leadership Assessment Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Tonidandel Scott , Albritton Betsy H. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Advancements in computer science, specifically natural language processing (NLP), offer innovative opportunities to transform leadership assessment. This chapter first defines NLP and describes the many analytic techniques within NLP, including computer-aided text analysis, supervised machine learning, and unsupervised machine learning. For each technique, tangible examples of their use in leadership assessment research are provided. The chapter also advises scientists and practitioners interested in NLP on unique methodological considerations for its use in leadership assessment and provides resources that would be most beneficial. The chapter concludes by recommending future applications of NLP in assessing leaders, including suggestions of evaluative NLP models of leader behaviors that can offer real-time feedback to leaders.
Reflections on Legal and Standards Update
Authors: Willner Kenneth M. , Lundquist Kathleen , Murphy Claire Saba 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Advances in assessment technology, particularly in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in employment selection, present opportunities to promote fairness and improve the efficiency of selection procedures. However, these opportunities must meet the reality of legal, policy, and technical constraints that govern the use of such procedures. Employers must be aware that the legal requirements for nondiscrimination and validation that apply to other selection procedures apply to these AI-based assessments as well. In addition, state and local laws requiring notice to applicants and bias audits have been enacted specifically targeted at algorithm-based assessments. Recent guidance has been provided by federal regulatory agencies concerning the potential for disability discrimination in terms of both the accessibility of the technology used and whether such procedures may be considered preoffer medical inquiries prohibited by the Americans with Disabilities Act.
George Orwell
Authors: Barry Peter Brian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Orwell is often understood as being prone to argue against something rather than for anything. But Orwell often advocated for foundational ethical theses that ground some of his best-known positions and pronouncements. For example, he proposed a conception of humanism inspired by Protagoras’s dictum that “Man is the measure of all things” that makes goodness a function of facts about what is good for human beings. He endorsed an objective list theory of well-being based on a novel understanding of human needs that promised to show why hedonism is false. And while he anticipated a powerful argument against consequentialism, one that makes much of agent-relative reasons for action, he also frequently hinted at sympathy with threshold deontology. Orwell was often an advocate, although philosophy is necessary to identify just what he advocated for.
Prologue
Authors: Dorsey Bruce 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The curtain rises at the Richmond Hill Theatre in New York City, unveiling a sensational play called Sarah Maria Cornell: or, The Fall River Murder. It exposes how the scandal involving a Methodist preacher and a “factory girl” permeated America’s most popular forms of entertainment. This theatrical drama parallels a real-life social drama that captivated reading and viewing audiences. It is a tale in which violence and storytelling expose the personal histories of two complicated people whose lives intersected amid a world that both tried to embrace but could not control. Although they lived in an exceptional time, they were not themselves exceptional human beings. They were part of a world that was experiencing the rapid rise of evangelical religion and the transition to factory work.
Useful in This World
Authors: Dorsey Bruce 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Deprived of the benefit of her grandfather’s wealthy estate, Maria Cornell finds herself dependent on wage labor within an economy that was transitioning from farm to factory. Her first employment as a tailoress overlaps with her beginning attachment to Calvinist theology and the nation’s early religious revivals in New England. Maria discovers that the pleasures she finds so attractive as an independent working woman clash directly with her new evangelical beliefs. She had developed a love of fashion while she was a tailor’s apprentice, and once out on her own, she often joins her female friends in amusements and consumer pleasures. When she becomes serious about religion, however, she resolves to leave behind worldly things and devote herself to the service of God.
“If I Am Missing”
Authors: Dorsey Bruce 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The final day of Cornell’s life demonstrates the different measures of self-control over their lives that Maria Cornell and Ephraim Avery possess, as well as the conflicting stories as to where Avery went on December 20, 1832, the night that Cornell penned her note (“If I am missing inquire of Rev. Mr. Avery Bristol he will know where I am gone.”) and lost her life. In Fall River, Maria spends her last day working in the mill, then leaves her boardinghouse that evening, never to return. Although local residents saw a male stranger on the way to Fall River that afternoon, Ephraim insists that he had spent that day walking in the opposite direction. The next morning, Maria’s body is found hanging at a nearby farm.
Courtroom Tales
Authors: Dorsey Bruce 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ephraim Avery’s trial for murder begins in Newport, Rhode Island, in May 1833. The lead prosecutors are State Attorney General Albert C. Greene and Congressman Dutee Pearce; Avery’s defense attorneys are Richard Randolph and New England’s most celebrated trial lawyer, Jeremiah Mason. The process of selecting a jury is lengthy, and newspaper reporters are given courtroom access in exchange for their promise not to publish the testimony until after the verdict. Criminal trials derive their organization and logic from storytelling, and the multitude of storytellers and audiences for Avery’s trial proves a perfect fit for an era in which the spoken word and persuasion hold great import.
Stage and Song
Authors: Dorsey Bruce 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Expanding beyond newspapers and the streets, this nationwide scandal enters the realm of American popular culture when two separate dramatic plays are written and performed in Newport and New York City. Popular songs and graphic visual images about the preacher and the “factory girl” also become printed consumer items and regular features within theater performances. The public finds unlimited appeal in a defiant working woman’s tragic death at the hands of a conspiratorial, secretive, and aristocratic group of clergymen. By the end, the Broadway play about Maria Cornell’s death could boast of one of the longest successive runs of a theater production in the first half of the nineteenth century.
Camp Meetings
Authors: Dorsey Bruce 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Author Catharine Williams writes one of the earliest known true crime stories in American popular culture, Fall River: An Authentic Narrative, joining the voices of those who are outraged by the injustice of Avery’s acquittal. A combination of investigative journalism, opinion, and fiction, Williams’s tale is designed to lead readers to a deeper understanding of the murderer and murder victim: what brought him to his evil deed and her to a calamitous fate. Williams’s narrative depicts all the powerful men in Cornell’s life, especially Avery, as scoundrels, rakes, and violent criminals. Privileging gossip and innuendo, but unwilling to speak immodestly, Williams appends to her narrative an imagined account of a camp meeting as a metaphor for the incessant mobility and gender disorder of a changing American society.
Equal Respect and the Right to Exclude
Authors: Lim Désirée 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
It is widely accepted that all persons are entitled to equal respect. Philosophers have argued for the fundamental incompatibility of immigration exclusion with equal respect. This chapter considers one well-known articulation of the incompatibility thesis, which it calls the Argument from Social Contingency. According to this view, the exclusion of noncitizens is disrespectful because it subjects them to coercion on the basis of a socially contingent, and thus unjustifiable, feature: their citizenship status. Here, citizenship is seen to fall into the same category as other morally arbitrary attributes like gender, race, and class. However, this interpretation of the requirements of equal respect is incomplete. The problem with immigration exclusion is not (only) that noncitizens are not provided with reasonable justification, but that it is demeaning to them. The chapter concludes that the character of social relationships between citizens and noncitizens must be closely analyzed.
Selecting Immigrants by Skill I
Authors: Lim Désirée 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Assuming that states are obliged to uphold the social equality of migrants, in what way (if at all) must their selection of migrants be constrained? Many theorists accept, during the process of selection, that states have no right to directly discriminate against would-be immigrants on grounds of race or sex. This antidiscrimination principle must hold even if states have a right to exclude noncitizens. However, while theorists have largely focused on discrimination on grounds of gender, race, and sexual orientation, states frequently engage in discrimination of a different kind: the preference of highly skilled over low-skilled migrants. This chapter suggests that states’ broad preference for highly skilled migrants constitutes a form of wrongful discrimination. It makes this argument with close reference to Deborah Hellman’s expressive theory of discrimination. In the existing social context, and in their current form, skill-selective immigration policies have the expressive effect of reproducing demeaning stereotypes about low-skilled migrants.
Is Liberalism Inescapable?
Authors: Philips Menaka 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter lays out the complex relationship between the idea of liberalism and political thought—a relationship that is at once powerful and fraught. Despite wide ranging approaches to, and evaluations of, liberalism in studies of politics—the persistent attention given to liberalism as a focus of inquiry now constitutes a shared methodological reality: attending to liberalism in some form appears to be a central condition of contemporary political theorizing. The chapter outlines the case for pursuing this argument through the paradigmatic figure of J.S. Mill, by noting the ways in which Mill’s thought has been stretched and styled to complement what are, first and foremost, examinations of the liberal idea. Interrogating Mill’s canonical status within the “liberal tradition” affords both a fresh take on this famed thinker and a critical view of the intellectual consequences of the liberalism trap.
Mill Reconsidered
Authors: Philips Menaka 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chapter 3 develops an account of Mill’s politics untethered from his liberal status. Focusing on Mill’s intellectual development, which took a sharp turn following his experience with depression, the chapter examines his move from a “manufactured” mind under the tutelage of his father and Jeremy Bentham, to his intellectual revolt and turn toward uncertainty. The chapter illustrates how “uncertainty” provides a structured way of tracing these self-described shifts away from dogmatism, in view of the growing discomfort Mill develops in his early twenties with determinative ideological platforms. That appreciation for uncertainty not only generated the distance he needed to reassess his early education under Bentham and James Mill, it also gave J.S. Mill a more capacious approach to political thought and action. Finally, the chapter introduces the political strategies Mill’s uncertainty fosters in relation to questions of social reform—strategies which have been occluded by reading him through liberalism. From radical critiques to gradual and paternalist precautions, Mill’s uncertainty not only shaped his intellectual orientation but also underwrote his political proposals regarding gender, class, and empire.
The School of Virtues
Authors: Philips Menaka 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Looking at some prominent feminist receptions of Mill’s gender politics, Chapter 4 argues that much of the literature merges an assessment of Mill with an assessment of liberal feminism writ large. Against this practice, the uncertain strategies identified in Chapter 3 are brought in to highlight the complexities of Mill’s feminist politics, apart from his ideological label. The chapter shows that uncertainty generates a particular set of political anxieties for Mill, revolving around a desire to expand (rather than contract) the possibilities for “man as a progressive being”; but it also prohibits Mill from taking a determinative approach toward obtaining such possibilities. Though Mill offers a radical critique of sex inequality in the nineteenth century, calling for the political enfranchisement of women and their emancipation from the confines of the household, he simultaneously enacts cautionary caveats—even reversals. On issues of divorce and women’s employment beyond the household for instance, Mill’s fears about the unintended consequences of women’s social and political liberation take root. In effect, despite Mill’s support for sex equality, his approach to reform is inflected by uncertainties about the direction and effects of making broad structural changes to achieve it.
Earning Democracy
Authors: Philips Menaka 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chapter 5 outlines how Mill’s uncertain strategies for political reform operate in his discussions of class inequality and representation in England and establishes a comparative connection between Mill’s feminist and class policies. Mill’s cautions regarding women’s emancipation are in fact exacerbated by his class politics, as his defense of women’s emancipation is conditioned by the economic classes to which they belong. His support for removing sex and class-based distinctions for suffrage also considered how changes to the electoral body would draw in new and conflicting political interests and groups. Mill’s response to those potential challenges reflects his uncertain mode of political theorizing. The radical, gradualist, and paternalist strategies he employs in relation to women’s emancipation gain traction and become further institutionalized in his policies regarding class and representative politics. From excluding the poor to advocating plural voting for enlightened citizens, Mill’s insightful critiques of class inequality are attended by efforts to slow, if not forestall, the effects of expanding class-based representation in Parliament.
Governing Dependencies
Authors: Philips Menaka 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chapter 6 closes out the comparative assessment of Mill’s political interventions by turning to his writings on empire. As with his feminist and class politics, Mill’s imperial writings are often read through his liberal status. For scholars interested in the imperial roots of liberal political thought, Mill’s talismanic status within that tradition makes him the model “liberal imperialist.” This approach has also set Mill’s writings on empire apart from his domestic considerations, such that his “radicalism” at home is contrasted with his “imperialism” abroad. Following Mill’s uncertain mode of politics, however, enables a clearer comparative view of Mill’s radical, gradualist, and paternalist strategies across these issues. Even as Mill defends the imperial project and refutes the right of self-determination for colonized subjects, he is never wholly comfortable with the realities of colonial rule—a discomfort that has been almost entirely obscured in the now standard reading of Mill as a “liberal imperialist.” That discomfort leads him to make some striking critiques of the British Empire and its colonial administrators, on issues of violence, education, and the demands of justice. That he could both defend and doubt empire is an effect not of ideological certainty but of political uncertainty.
Meditation in the Pali Social Imaginary II
Authors: McMahan David L. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Contemplations of the insides of bodies and of corpses in early meditation literature show that seeing the body “as it is” was not bare, nonconceptual, value-neutral awareness but a matter of highlighting the body’s vulnerability and foulness and creating a sense of detachment and distaste toward it. Other meditations in the Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta present Buddhist taxonomies through which practitioners learn to see the world and practices to habituate the mind to seeing it this way. Meditative insight, on this model, is not simply matter of nonjudgmental, nonconceptual attention to the present moment, nor does it yield an unmediated, objective knowledge stripped of all cultural conditioning. Rather, it is a complex, embodied, and culturally embedded affair that entails constructing an alternative system of concepts, forming alternative dispositions, creating different bases of valuing, and reconditioning—not just deconditioning—habits of mind and body.
Postscript: The Iron Age and the Anthropocene
Authors: McMahan David L. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Indian meditative practices were first developed by ancient ascetics aspiring to transcend the world and attain benefits beyond those that could be provided by the gods. These practices, transformed, reinvented, and rethought over and over again, have snaked their way through many cultural worlds down to ours, where they are redeployed to penetrate through the layered illusions of media, to find quite refuge amid the chaotic and frenzied demands of contemporary life, and to nurture the monumental compassion necessary to “save all sentient beings.” It is yet to be seen whether these Iron-Age practices are able not only to bring personal calm but also to contribute to the transformation of the Anthropocene into a more livable age.
Higher gestational weight gain delays wound healing and reduces expression of long non‐coding RNA KLRK1‐AS1 in neonatal endothelial progenitor cells
Authors: Weiss Elisa , Schrüfer Anna , Tocantins Carolina , Diniz Mariana Simoes , Novakovic Boris , van Bergen Anke S. , Kulovic‐Sissawo Azra , Saffery Richard , Boon Reinier A. , Hiden Ursula 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHigh gestational weight gain (GWG) is a cardiovascular risk factor and may disturb neonatal endothelial function. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression epigenetically and can modulate endothelial function. Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs), circulating endothelial precursors, are a recruitable source of endothelial cells and sustain endothelial function, vascular growth and repair. We here investigated whether higher GWG affects neonatal ECFC function and elucidated the role of lncRNAs herein. Wound healing of umbilical cord blood‐derived ECFCs after pregnancies with GWG <13 kg versus >13 kg was determined in a scratch assay and based on monolayer impedance after electric wounding (electric cell‐substrate impedance sensing, ECIS). LncRNA expression was analysed by RNA sequencing. The function of killer cell lectin‐like receptor K1 antisense RNA (KLRK1‐AS1) was investigated after siRNA‐based knockdown. Closure of the scratch was delayed by 25% (P = 0.041) in the higher GWG group and correlated inversely with GWG (R = −0.538, P = 0.012) in all subjects (n = 22). Similarly, recovery of the monolayer barrier after electric wounding was delayed (−11% after 20 h; P = 0.014; n = 15). Several lncRNAs correlated with maternal GWG, the most significant one being KLRK1‐AS1 (log2 fold change = −0.135, P < 0.001, n = 35). KLRK1‐AS1 knockdown (n = 4) reduced barrier recovery after electric wounding by 21% (P = 0.029) and KLRK1‐AS1 expression correlated with the time required for wound healing for both scratch (R = 0.447, P = 0.033) and impedance‐based assay (R = 0.629, P = 0.014). Higher GWG reduces wound healing of neonatal ECFCs, and lower levels of the lncRNA KLRK1‐AS1 may underlie this.
imageKey points
Maternal cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, obesity and smoking in pregnancy disturb fetal endothelial function, and we here investigated whether also high gestational weight gain (GWG) has an impact on fetal endothelial cells.
Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (endothelial colony forming cells, ECFCs) are highly abundant in the neonatal blood stream and serve as a circulating pool for vascular growth and repair.
We revealed that higher GWG delays wound healing capacity of ECFCs in vitro.
We identified the regulatory RNA lncRNA KLRK1‐AS1 as a link between GWG and delayed ECFC wound healing.
Our data show that high GWG, independent of pre‐pregnancy BMI, affects neonatal ECFC function.
Análisis del efecto de la tasa del ISR en la rentabilidad de la industria mexicana de la agrobiotecnología. Caso Gruma
Authors: Vargas Vega Teresa de Jesús , Hernández Veleros Zeus Salvador , Saavedra García María Luisa , Moreno Islas Heriberto 
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo tiene como propósito examinar, mediante un análisis descriptivo y econométrico, la conceptualización y el efecto que genera la tasa impositiva del impuesto sobre la renta (ISR) en la rentabilidad de las empresas. Aplicando una investigación de tipo descriptivo-analítica, se verificó la conceptualización de los factores que afectan la tasa impositiva y el comportamiento de la misma a lo largo del tiempo. Por otra parte, para medir el efecto de la tasa del ISR sobre la rentabilidad, se analizó el caso de una empresa del sector de la agrobiotecnología que cotizó en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV) durante el periodo 1993-2018. Entre los hallazgos sobresalientes, se puede destacar que, en el caso de México, la tasa corporativa es una tasa impositiva estándar, cuyo comportamiento presentó cambios poco significativos a lo largo del periodo estudiado. Los resultados de las pruebas empíricas permiten afirmar que la tasa influye de manera significativa en la rentabilidad empresarial del sector.