bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved performance of larval Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931 production fed with Thalassiosira pseudonana Hasle and Heimdal, 1970 cultured with irradiation of light-emitting diode-LED compared to fluorescent light
Authors: Montesdeoca María Guadalupe Bravo , Lodeiros César , Vívenes Edgar Zapata , Alió José , Alió José 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The nutritional quality of microalgae used as feed in larviculture is essential to improve shrimp production. The shrimp Penaeus vannamei (zoea) larvae were fed with the microalga Thalassiosira pseudonana produced with light-emitting diode-LED or fluorescent lights irradiated and evaluated for survival, weight, and molting time from Nauplius V to Zoea III. The microalgae density and biomass were estimated at the harvest production level, and total lipid content and fatty acids profile as nutritional quality were evaluated. The density of the microalgae did not differ significantly, but its biomass and the content of lipids with LED were significantly higher (0.27 ± 0.05 mg L− 1, 17.11 ± 7.30% lipids) than with fluorescent lights (0.17 ± 0.05 mg L− 1, 4.7 ± 1.2%). Docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid concentrations were higher in the microalgae produced with LED, however eicosapentaenoic acid and other 15 fatty acids did not differ between treatments. The average weight of Zoea III differed between treatments (LED lights = 7.9 ± 0.6 µg and fluorescent lights = 6.3 ± 0.5 µg), and the molting time to Zoea III was 9 h shorter when fed with algae from LED, while survival was higher at 83.9 ± 0.9% LED and 78.4 ± 1.5% fluorescent lights. The nutritional quality of lipids from T. pseudonana under exposure to LED lights provides a better production and performance of P. vannamei zoeal larvae than when fed with T. pseudonnana irradiated with fluorescent lights.
A Qualitative Exploration of University Undergraduates’ Perspectives about the Effects of Social-Media on their Academic Performance
Authors: Ahmad Iqbal , Deeba Farah , Alam Jan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Although digital technologies are well integrated in higher education settings, however, despite of growing corpus of research on the outcomes of digital technologies, there is a dearth of evidence from the perspectives of university undergraduates about the impact of social media on their academic performance. This study was an attempt to bridge this gap in the existing body of knowledge by qualitatively measuring the perspectives of students about the effects of social media on their learning outcomes. Using critical theory of technology and case study method, this study explores the perspectives of students about the effects of social media on their learning performance. The findings showed that using of social media has a negative impact on academic performance of students. Social media restricted students to spend time for assignment preparation and its submission in time. Students spent time on social media in non-academic activities such as spending time with friends for entertainment at the cost of their studies. Students secured low academic grades because of spending time on social media. Many students reported about its negative impact on their health like, stress and physical exhaustion due to poor participation in outdoor games or sports. Instructors and administration are suggested to chalk out viable policies for the use of social media among students and its purposeful utilization.
High temperature influences DNA methylation and transcriptional profiles in sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus intermedius)
Authors: Liu Anzheng , Zeng Fanshuang , Wang Luo , Zhen Hao , Xia Xinglong , Pei Honglin , Dong Changkun , Zhang Yanmin , Ding Jun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background DNA methylation plays an important role in life processes by affecting gene expression, but it is still unclear how DNA methylation is controlled and how it regulates gene transcription under high temperature stress conditions in Strongylocentrotus intermedius. The potential link between DNA methylation variation and gene expression changes in response to heat stress in S. intermedius was investigated by MethylRAD-seq and RNA-seq analysis. We screened DNA methylation driver genes in order to comprehensively elucidate the regulatory mechanism of its high temperature adaptation at the DNA/RNA level.Results The results revealed that high temperature stress significantly affected not only the DNA methylation and transcriptome levels of S. intermedius (P < 0.05), but also growth. Our MethylRAD-seq analysis revealed 12,129 CG differential methylation sites and 966 CWG differential methylation sites, and identified a total of 189 differentially CG methylated genes and 148 differentially CWG methylated genes. Based on KEGG enrichment analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are mostly enriched in energy and cell division, immune, and neurological damage pathways. Further RNA-seq analysis identified a total of 1968 DEGs, of which 813 genes were upregulated and 1155 genes were downregulated. Based on the joint MethylRAD-seq and RNA-seq analysis, metabolic processes such as glycosaminoglycan degradation, oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, glutathione metabolism, thermogenesis, and lysosomes are regulated by DNA methylation.Conclusions High temperature regulates the expression of genes such as MOAP-1, GGT1, and RDH8 by interfering with DNA methylation, which in turn affects the metabolism of HPSE, Cox, glutathione, and retinol, thereby suppressing the immune, energy metabolism, and antioxidant functions of the organism and finally manifesting as stunted growth. In summary, the observations in the present study improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the response to high temperature stress in sea urchin.
Safety and effectiveness of thoracic day surgery in patient with lung cancer
Authors: shen cheng , Che Guowei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The successful implementation of the Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) concept in thoracic surgery has made it possible to complete the surgery in the day surgery unit. However, it is still unclear whether day surgery for lung cancer patients can achieve the same results.
Methods
A systematic literature search was completed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Web of Science for studies published from 1995 to May 2022. The quality of the articles was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the data analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 software.
Results
We ultimately included 7 retrospective articles that met our criteria for the study. Age, smoking status of patient, comorbidity before the day surgery and pulmonary function tests were better than in inpatient surgery group. Minimally invasive surgical method with segmentectomy was more used in day surgery group than in normal surgery group. The 30-day mortality was also lower in day surgery group and it displayed that early discharged patients had fewer overall complications than the inpatient surgery group.
Conclusions
Thoracic day surgery has more advantages over inpatient surgery for patient with lung cancer and safe POD1 discharge.
Chest packing with negative pressure generating chest tube for intractable mediastinal bleeding after cardiac surgery
Authors: Shim Hunbo , Won Tae Hee , Ryu Sangwan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Postoperative mediastinal bleeding is one of the most frequently reported complications of cardiac surgeries, which can be life-threatening. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of open chest and delayed sternal closure using a simple modified negative pressure packing technique for management of intractable bleeding after sternotomy.
Methods
Twenty patients who had undergone chest packing primarily for intractable bleeding after cardiac/thoracic aorta surgery via sternotomy at our hospital between January 2010 and August 2022 formed our study population. Their medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Patients who required an open chest for hemodynamic compromise were excluded. Gauzes were packed around the bleeding area and additional gauze was used to mask the structures. A 32-Fr. regular chest tube was placed on top of the covered gauze while the side holes were covered using additional gauze. The open wound was sealed with an adhesive drape film. The chest tubes were connected to a regular bottle with a negative pressure of 20 mmHg to collapse gauzes.
Results
Nineteen (95%) patients with the median age of 57.0 years underwent aorta-related surgery during the study period. The chest was closed within 2 days after open sternum in 18 patients (90%). One patient (5%) needed emergent chest wash-out for cardiac tamponade due to an ongoing hematoma during open chest. One patient (5%) newly developed mediastinitis and sepsis but was discharged without any other complications after intravenous antibiotics treatment. Two (10%) hospital mortalities occurred. One patient died of septic shock while the other due to intracranial hemorrhage.
Conclusion
Temporary open sternum and delayed chest closure using negative pressured gauze packing is a simple, safe, and effective lifesaving technique that can be used in patients with intractable mediastinal bleeding after cardiac surgery.
Measuring Regulatory Errors from Environmental Policy Uncertainty
Authors: Espinola-Arredondo Ana , Munoz-Garcia Felix , Garrido Dolores 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We examine an environmental policy which may be revisited by a new administration. We allow for pollution to be persistent over time and for uncertainty in next period’s environmental policy. When pollution is non-persistent, we show that regulatory uncertainty is inconsequential for output, pollution, or emission fees. However, when pollution is persistent, we find that firms shift more output into the first period when facing a regulator with stronger environmental concerns. We also measure the ineffciencies stemming from ignoring pollution persistence and from policy uncertainty, identifying in which contexts they are severe or negligible.
JEL classification: L13, L51, Q58.
Aerobic Exercise Improves Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Learning and Memory via Modulating the Adiponectin Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Tian Qinghua , Liu Xia , Deng Penghui , Ji Wei , Li Jianping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Changes in synaptic plasticity have been shown to be crucial in the process of cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study examined the effects of aerobic exercise on learning and memory functions, hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and adiponectin (ADPN) signaling pathway in T2D rats.Methods We established a T2D rats model consisting of three groups: normal control (NC), diabetes control (DC), and diabetes exercise (DE), with DE group receiving an eight-week aerobic exercise. Following the exercise intervention, the Morris water maze was utilized to assess learning and memory functions. Serum indicators were determined, and changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity were evaluated using Golgi staining. Western blot was used to determine the expressions of ADPN, phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), glucose transporter type−4 (GLUT4), and synaptic plasticity-related proteins in the hippocampal CA3 region.Results In comparison to NC, DC had a significantly (all P < 0.05) impaired learning and memory functions and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. In T2D rats, eight-week aerobic exercise significantly (all P < 0.05) (1) lowered serum fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin resistance index; (2) shortened escape latency and increased platform crossings; (3) increased insulin, serum ADPN, hippocampal postsynaptic density protein−95, synaptophysin, ADPN, GLUT4; (4) increased the number of dendritic branching and density of dendritic spines in the hippocampal CA3 region.Conclusions In T2D rats, eight-week aerobic exercise improved learning and memory functions. The mechanism could be associated to exercise-induced modulation of the ADPN/AMPK/GLUT4 signaling pathway in the hippocampus, which improved hippocampal synaptic plasticity.
Reference Intervals of Serum Iodine Concentration in Chinese Pregnant Women
Authors: Wu Yi , Long Huan-huan , Zhang Su-juan , Li Min-min , Chen Chao-gang , Wang Cheng , Shen Zhen-yu , Ye Yan-bin , Zuo Shu-yu , Pan Wen-jing , Liu Zhao-min 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The study aims to establish trimester-specific reference ranges for serum iodine (SI) in Chinese pregnant women and explore its associations with maternal and infantile thyroid function. Apparently healthy pregnant women were enrolled during their first antenatal visit. Fasting venous and spot urine samples were collected for determining serum and urinary iodine (UI) levels by a validated inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyrotropin (TSH) and neonatal TSH levels were tested by electro-chemiluminescent assay. The reference ranges of SI were established by percentile method and reported as 2.5–97.5%. ROC analysis was applied to compare the discriminative ability of SI, UI and UI to urinary creatine ratio (UI /UCr) in early pregnancy for various thyroid conditions. The trimester-specific reference ranges of SI for Chinese pregnant women were 60.91-114.53 µg/L for the first trimester (T1, n = 1029), 54.57-103.42 µg/L for the second trimester (T2, n = 379) and 52.03–110.40 µg/L for the third trimester (T3, n = 455). Maternal SI at T1 but not UI and UI/UCr, was significantly correlated with FT3 (r = 0.393, P < 0.001), FT4 (r = 0.637, P < 0.001) and TSH (r=-0.299, P < 0.001). Maternal SI change% from T1 to T2 (but not SI change% from T1 to T3) had marginal correlation with neonatal TSH (r=-0.106, P = 0.046). ROC analysis showed that maternal SI at T1 had better predictability for several thyroid conditions than UIC and UI/UCr.
Non-cancer risk evaluation using a multidimensional strategy owing to groundwater fluoride and iron in a semi-arid region near the Indo-Bangladesh international frontier
Authors: Das Sandip Kumar , Ghosh Joydeep , Pramanik Arun Kumar , Majumder Deepanjan , Hossain Mobarok , Chatterjee Abhik 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Groundwater quality in the semi-arid Hili border region at Indo-Bangladesh border was investigated in the post-monsoon season of 2021, succeeded by probabilistic health risk assessment of fluoride (F-) and iron (Fe) intake that breached respective safe limits in several samples. All water samples were found to be potable in terms of Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42-, NO3- but F- and Fe exceeded prescribed safe limit for drinking in about 48% and 7% samples. Almost all the water samples were found to be good for irrigation in terms of Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Keely’s Index (KI), %Na and Magnesium ratio (MR). The Principal Component (PCA) /Factor Analysis (FA) identified three factors influencing groundwater quality, explaining about 71.8% of total variance and indicated that groundwater quality was primarily influenced by geochemical factors. Carbonate and silicate weathering were mainly responsible for dissolution of minerals in groundwater. Non-carcinogenic risk due to cumulative impact of F- and Fe intake was in the order of THI Children>THI Infant>THI Adult. As per Monte Carlo simulation run with 5000 trials to ascertain the order of probabilistic health risk, the most dominant governing factors behind non-carcinogenic risk caused by F- and Fe intake were their concentration (Ci) followed by ingestion rate (IR), and exposure duration (ED).
Characterization of Fracture Source Mechanism for Rock Salt Under Quasi-Static Unconfined Compression Test Using Acoustic Emission
Authors: Chajed Shubham , Singh Aditya 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The tensile fractures were identified as the dominant fracture mode under quasi-static unconfined compressive load for the high-halite percentage rock salt found in Germany. The observed fracture mechanism is radically different from the reported dominant fracture mode for other natural and synthetic rocks. Rock salt properties are site-specific and depend on the deposit’s age, mineralogical composition, and tectonic history. It poses a fundamental question: Is the observed behavior typical to the tested specimen of rock salt, or is it a general phenomenon typical to all high-halite percentage rock salts? The present study addresses this question by characterizing the fracture source mechanism in the high-halite percentage Khewra rock salt (> 95% halite mineral) under quasi-static unconfined compressive load. The study employs a unique approach to identifying AE events using a detection function. It has the advantage of isolating individual events from the burst of AE events, giving an advantage over the conventional threshold method. The isolated AE events source mechanism was characterized using the AF-RA method. The results from the analysis conclude that 79% of AE events are due to tensile cracks, and 21% of AE events are due to shear cracks for Khewra rock salt. Regarding AE energy, the cumulative relative tensile cracks AE energy is higher than the shear cracks AE energy. The AF-RA data for Khewra rock salt also align with the established dilatancy boundary, suggesting that triaxial test data along with the AF-RA method could be utilized to identify the dilatancy boundary in rock salts. The major conclusion from the present study is that under the quasi-static unconfined compression test, the tensile split is the dominant fracture mode for the Khewra rock salt. The current observation and previously reported works indicate that rock salts having a high-halite percentage have a tensile fracture as a dominating failure mode irrespective of their geological age and tectonic history.
Optimization of process parameters for acid fracturing assisted herringbone well SAGD
Authors: Yi Xi , Cao Guangsheng , Tang Jiaqi 
Published: May 2023

Zhong18 wellblock of Fengcheng oilfield developed with low permeability interlayer and had strong heterogeneity, which caused steam chamber of conventional steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) process cannot extend lengthwise continuously and serious steam heat loss. To address this problem, a method of acid fracturing assisted SAGD process is proposed to enhance the oil drainage and improve oil recovery. Based on the herringbone well SAGD being used in Zhong18 wellblock, the orthogonal experimental design and oil reservoir numerical simulation are used to determine the significance level and fracture parameter optimization of the acid fracturing process. The priority of optimization sequence is: fracture permeability, fracture width, fracture half-length, fracture spacing. The optimal parameters are as: 3D fracture permeability, 2.8 mm fracture width, 80 m fracture half-length and 80 m fracture spacing. A 10-year simulation using optimized parameters can improve the recovery by 9.2 % compared with the conventional SAGD process. The result proved that acid fracturing assisted herringbone well SAGD process can effectively penetrate the low permeability interlayer, expand the sweep range of steam chamber, and improve the oil recovery degree of the reservoir.
The structural dimension parameter optimization method of tapered roller bearings for wind power gearbox
Authors: Hao Ruiqin , Li Yan , Han Zeguang , Han Yu 
Published: May 2023

Taking the non-standardized internal structural dimension parameters of rolling bearings as the design variable, the constrained optimization mathematical model of tapered roller bearings under the maximum target of basic static load rating and basic dynamic load rating has been established. Optimization results of the mathematical model have been obtained by using the improved multi-objective genetic algorithm, NSGA-II. After the above-mentioned methods were used to the optimization of the tapered roller bearing on the high-speed shaft of a 750 kW wind turbine gearbox, its basic rated static load and basic rated dynamic load can be increased by 15 % and 17 % compared with its standard value. Thus, the proposed methods are feasible and reliable, and has certain application value for improving the bearing performance and prolonging its service life.
Flood hazard attribution and uncertainty analysis with climate changes in data scarce watersheds of southeastern Ethiopia
Authors: Wudineh Fraol Abebe , Moges Semu Ayalew 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The interaction of the atmosphere and the land surface is vital in hydrological processes. In this paper, climate change impacts on streamflow are explored using soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) in one of the tropical watersheds, Wabi Shebele River Basin of Ethiopia. Regional climate model (RCM) from CORDEX-Africa region is used to analyze the basin's hydrological responses to climate forcing in the projected period. The result indicates that the watershed is likely to experience an increase in flood hazard with an increase in precipitation in the future as temperatures increase less than 2 °C. Flood hazard indices showed a larger value downstream of the river station (i.e., Gode) and a smaller value at the upper and middle stations with no change in climate variables (i.e., the baseline scenario, T + 0 °C, P + 0%). Based on separation method analysis, climate change has a greater impact on the streamflow and flood hazards in the region during the last four decades. Model uncertainty analysis reveals that simulated seasonal streamflow using RCMs has similar oscillation patterns to streamflow using observed climate data within uncertainty bands (UBs) in the study area with NSE and R2 values greater than 0.75 and 0.92, respectively.
Plankton diversity and its heavy metal content in Ratai Bay of Pesawaran district, Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Widiastuti Endang Linirin , Afifa A. D. , Tugiyono T. , Umar S. , Mumtazah D. F. , Hadi S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) activity in Way Ratai River produces heavy metal wastes; therefore, further information regarding heavy metal concentrations in the water was needed, especially in plankton samples. Furthermore, the determination of plankton diversity was also carried out in the waters of Way Ratai to determine the bioconcentration factor (BCF). Eight sampling sites were chosen along the river reaching the coast of Way Ratai. The research was conducted in November 2020 and March 2021. Ten heavy metals, Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn that are commonly found in mining areas, were determined in the water and plankton samples by using ICP-OES. The results indicated that the highest concentration found was Fe in plankton samples (0.725 mg/L in the river and 1.294 mg/L on the coast). Meanwhile, contents of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in the river exceeded the predetermined water quality standards, while Ag and Pb metals were not detected. The Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn content in seawater also exceeded quality standards. The highest BCF value (12.96) was found for Fe at station G, whereas the lowest BCF value (0.13) was found for Ag at stations G and H.
Detection of emergent leaks using machine learning approaches
Authors: Głomb P. , Cholewa M. , Koral W. , Madej A. , Romaszewski M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In this work, we focus on the detection of leaks occurring in district metered areas (DMAs). Those leaks are observable as a number of time-related deviations from zone patterns over days or weeks. While they are detectable given enough time, due to the huge cost of water loss resulting from an undetected leak, the main challenge is to find them as soon as possible, when the deviation from the zone pattern is small. Using our collected observational data, we investigate the appearance of leaks and discuss the performance of several machine learning (ML) anomaly detectors in detecting them. We test a diverse set of six anomaly detectors, each based on a different ML algorithm, on nine scenarios containing leaks and anomalies of various kinds. The proposed approach is very effective at quickly (within hours) identifying the presence of a leak, with a limited number of false positives.