bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cribriform morphology is associated with higher risk of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy in patients with Grade Group 5 prostate cancer
Authors: Oufattole Jihane , Dey Tanujit , D'Amico Anthony V , van Leenders Geert J L H , Acosta Andres M 
Published: March 2023

AimsGrade Group 5 (GG5) prostate cancer (PCa) is associated with a high risk of disease recurrence after radical prostatectomy (~75% at 5 years). However, this is a heterogeneous category that includes neoplasms with different combinations of Gleason pattern (GP) 4 and 5. Within GP4, large cribriform growth has been associated with adverse disease‐specific outcomes in GG2‐4 PCa. Less is known about the significance of cribriform morphology and the different histologic patterns of GP5 in GG5 PCa.Methods and resultsIn this study we evaluated the prognostic implications of cribriform morphology (either invasive or intraductal, henceforth “cribriform”) and large solid growth or comedonecrosis (comedo/solid) in patients with GG5 PCa. One‐hundred and thirty prostatectomies from a single institution were analysed. The presence of comedo/solid components was associated with a higher frequency of concurrent cribriform PCa (85.7% versus 45.9%, P < 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (44.6% versus 27%, P = 0.04), and biochemical recurrence (48.2% versus 28.4%, P = 0.03). The presence of large cribriform growth was associated with a higher frequency of extraprostatic involvement (i.e. pT3a‐b; 85.3% versus 68.7%, P = 0.02), positive surgical margins (47.6% versus 29.2%, P = 0.04) and biochemical recurrence (47.6% versus. 18.7%, P = 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that GG5 PCa with cribriform or comedo/solid components had a higher probability of biochemical recurrence. Multivariable analysis showed that only cribriform components were an independent predictor of a higher risk of biochemical recurrence in this series.ConclusionThese findings highlight the importance of reporting the presence of cribriform components in GG5 PCa and suggest that cribriform morphology might help decide postsurgical management in these patients.
Clinical practice guidelines on physical activity and exercise for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review
Authors: Yang Xiao , Han Rongrong , Xiang Zhixuan , Li Hanbing , Zhao Qian , Chen Lu , Gao Lingling 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThis review aimed to appraise clinical guidelines about exercise for women with gestational diabetes mellitus and summarize consensus and inconsistent recommendations.BackgroundExercise is an effective non‐pharmacological therapeutic for gestational diabetes mellitus, but the variety of relevant clinical practice guidelines is confusing for healthcare professionals.DesignThis is a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines.Data SourcesWebsites of guideline development institutions, eight literature databases and organizations of obstetricians, gynaecologists, midwives, and medical sports associations were searched for guidelines published from January 2011 to October 2021.Review MethodsTwo reviewers independently extracted recommendations. Four reviewers assessed guideline quality using the AGREE II instrument independently.ResultsFifteen guidelines were included. All women with diabetes are recommended to exercise during pregnancy. The consistent recommendations were for pre‐exercise screening, for 30 min per exercise session on 5 days of the week or every day after meals, exercise at moderate intensity, using aerobic and resistance exercise, and walking. The main non‐consistent recommendations included warning signs for women on insulin during exercise, minimum duration per session, intensity assessment, duration and frequency of sessions for strengthening and flexibility exercise and detailed physical activity giving birth.ConclusionsGuidelines strongly support pregnant women with diabetes to exercise regularly. Research is needed to make non‐consistent recommendations clear.
The accuracy of reverse genetics systems for SARS‐CoV‐2: Circular polymerase extension reaction versus bacterial artificial chromosome
Authors: Furusawa Yuri , Yamayoshi Seiya , Kawaoka Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundReverse genetics systems to rescue viruses from modified DNA are useful tools to investigate the molecular mechanisms of viruses. The COVID‐19 pandemic prompted the development of several reverse genetics systems for SARS‐CoV‐2. The circular polymerase extension reaction (CPER) method enables the rapid generation of recombinant SARS‐CoV‐2; however, such PCR‐based approaches could introduce unwanted mutations due to PCR errors.MethodsTo compare the accuracy of CPER and a classic reverse genetics method using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC), SARS‐CoV‐2 Wuhan/Hu‐1/2019 was generated five times using BAC and five times using CPER. These 10 independent virus stocks were then deep sequencing, and the number of substitutions for which the frequency was greater than 10% was counted.ResultsNo nucleotide substitutions with a frequency of greater than 10% were observed in all five independent virus stocks generated by the BAC method. In contrast, three to five unwanted nucleotide substitutions with a frequency of more than 10% were detected in four of the five virus stocks generated by the CPER. Furthermore, four substitutions with frequencies greater than 20% were generated in three virus stocks by using the CPER.ConclusionsWe found that the accuracy of the CPER method is lower than that of the BAC method. Our findings suggest care should be used when employing the CPER method.
Mountains exhibit a stronger latitudinal diversity gradient than lowland regions
Authors: Tenorio Elkin A. , Montoya Paola , Norden Natalia , Rodríguez‐Buriticá Susana , Salgado‐Negret Beatriz , Gonzalez Mailyn A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThe latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is a well‐explored biogeographical pattern, yet regional differences across geographical and geomorphological areas have been poorly examined. Here, we compare the magnitude of the LDG between mountain and lowland regions and hypothesize that the LDG is much stronger in mountain ranges due to their high species packing and turnover.LocationGlobal.TaxonBirds, mammals and amphibians.MethodsMountain regions were defined following two criteria: one based on elevation and another based on ruggedness. Species richness maps were constructed using geographical information of ~22,000 species from Birdlife and International Union for Conservation of Nature over a grid of 10 km2. We quantified species packing as the number of species per unit area that belong to mountains or lowlands globally, and per latitudinal bands of ~3°. We related the number of species to latitude and extracted a distribution of this relationship using a Monte Carlo approach.ResultsWe showed that the number of species per unit area increased rapidly towards low latitudes, being faster in mountains and reaching values of up to four times higher than that observed in the lowlands. After accounting for area size, species richness increased faster towards the equator and was better predicted by latitude in mountains than in the lowlands.Main ConclusionsThese results support our hypothesis, where the high beta‐diversity characterizing mountains has an additive effect on the inherent increase of diversity towards the equator. More broadly, our findings may question the predictive power of well‐supported hypotheses, which state that regions with greater area, time and energy accumulate more species richness, because in comparison to the lowlands, mountains are geologically younger and exhibit less energy in less area. Hence, mountains represent a conundrum that invites to re‐evaluate hypotheses considering the regional dependency of macroecological and evolutionary processes driving species diversity gradients.
Association between triglyceride glucose‐body mass index and hypertension in Chinese adults: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Deng Danying , Chen Chaolei , Wang Jiabin , Luo Songyuan , Feng Yingqing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe triglyceride glucose‐body mass index (TyG‐BMI) has been considered an alternative marker of insulin resistance (IR). This cross‐sectional study was designed to mainly investigate the association between TyG‐BMI, triglyceride glucose combined with body mass index, and hypertension in Chinese adults. The relationship between TyG‐BMI and hypertension was examined by multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline model. Multiple logistic regression models were also performed to examine the associations between the individual components of TyG‐BMI (BMI, TyG index, TG and FBG) and hypertension. The incremental ability of TyG‐BMI versus its individual components for hypertension discrimination was evaluated by C‐statistic and net reclassification index. Subgroup analysis was performed to examine potential interactions. A total of 92,545 participants (38.9% men, mean age 53.7 years) were included for final analysis. Logistic regression models showed TyG‐BMI and its individual components were all significantly associated with the odds of hypertension (p for trend < .001). The restricted cubic spline regression manifested a linear association between TyG‐BMI and hypertension (p for non‐linear = .062). The addition of TyG‐BMI, in comparison with each individual component, exhibited the maximum incremental value for the discrimination of hypertension on the basis of base model (C‐statistic: 0.679, 95% CI: 0.675‐0.683 for base model vs. 0.695, 95% CI: 0.691‐0.699 for base model + TyG‐BMI; net reclassification index: 0.226, 95% CI: 0.215‐0.234). TyG‐BMI was significantly associated with the odds of hypertension and can be a better discriminator of hypertension.
Exploring Indian Child Welfare Act implementation and case outcomes
Authors: Summers Alicia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite the passage of the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) more than four decades ago, little is known about how or how well it is being implemented into practice by the state courts or how implementation may be related to improved outcomes for Indian children and families. This study explores how ICWA implementation in five state court sites is related to case outcomes. One hundred and fifty‐one ICWA cases were reviewed for factors including active efforts findings, tribal presence at hearings, use of qualified expert witness (QEW) testimony, notice, and confirmation of ICWA status. Results are mixed. Specific ICWA implementation measures and aggregate measures were mostly not related to outcomes, but early implementation, such as having the tribe present at the first hearing, did appear related to timely permanency. Implications of these findings and future research directions are discussed.
The effectiveness of an ICWA Court at achieving improved ICWA implementation and outcomes: A pre‐post intervention study
Authors: Gatowski Sophia , Summers Alicia , Bussey Bree 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article presents findings from a quasi‐experimental study of the St. Louis County (Duluth, Minnesota) ICWA Court examining its effectiveness at achieving improved ICWA implementation and a better case process and outcomes for Indian families. Using a case file review method, cases prior to implementing the ICWA Court were compared to post‐ICWA Court cases on demographics, case characteristics, application of ICWA requirements, presence of parties at hearings, achievement of child permanency outcomes, and permanency timeliness. Compared to pre‐ICWA Court, this study found several statistically significant improvements in the ICWA Court's handling of cases, including taking less time to confirm the case as an ICWA case, greater appearance of tribal representatives by the Dispositional review hearing stage, more active efforts findings, more placements with relatives at earlier stages of the case, more placement with relative outcomes when reunifications were not possible, and timelier permanency.
Intrahousehold power inequalities and cooperation: Unpacking household responses to nutrition‐sensitive agriculture interventions in rural India
Authors: Harris‐Fry Helen , Prost Audrey , Beaumont Emma , Fivian Emily , Mohanty Satyanarayan , Parida Manoj , Pradhan Ronali , Sahu Satyapriya , Padhan Shibanath , Mishra Naba K. , Rath Shibanand , Rath Suchitra , Koniz‐Booher Peggy , Allen Elizabeth , Kadiyala Suneetha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNutrition‐sensitive agriculture (NSA) interventions offer a means to improve the dietary quality of rural, undernourished populations. Their effectiveness could be further increased by understanding how household dynamics enable or inhibit the uptake of NSA behaviours. We used a convergent parallel mixed‐methods design to describe the links between household dynamics—specifically intrahousehold power inequalities and intrahousehold cooperation—and dietary quality and to explore whether household dynamics mediated or modified the effects of NSA interventions tested in a cluster‐randomized trial, Upscaling Participatory Action and Videos for Agriculture and Nutrition (UPAVAN). We use quantitative data from cross‐sectional surveys in 148 village clusters at UPAVAN's baseline and 32 months afterwards (endline), and qualitative data from family case studies and focus group discussions with intervention participants and facilitators. We found that households cooperated to grow and buy nutritious foods, and gendered power inequalities were associated with women's dietary quality, but cooperation and women's use of power was inhibited by several interlinked factors. UPAVAN interventions were more successful in more supportive, cooperative households, and in some cases, the interventions increased women's decision‐making power. However, women's decisions to enter into negotiations with family members depended on whether women deemed the practices promoted by UPAVAN interventions to be feasible, as well as women's confidence and previous cultivation success. We conclude that interventions may be more effective if they can elicit cooperation from the whole household. This will require a move towards more family‐centric intervention models that empower women while involving other family members and accounting for the varied ways that families cooperate and negotiate.
The effect of socially evaluated multitasking stress on typing rhythms
Authors: Wetherell Mark A. , Lau Shing‐Hon , Maxion Roy A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIndividuals have unique typing rhythms characterized by specific keystroke dynamics. Changes in state and cardiovascular responding are well documented manifestations of the fight‐flight response to stress. However, as stress also leads to changes in muscle tone and motor control, typing rhythms may also be impacted. We aim to determine which individuals are experiencing stress through their typing rhythms and identify universal keystroke markers of stress. Participants (N = 116) typed 80 repetitions of a 6‐word, 30‐character phrase before and after 15 min of critically evaluated multitasking stress. Cardiovascular, hemodynamic, and state variables were compared across baseline, stress, and recovery periods and measures of typing rhythm were derived for each period and classified using machine‐learning algorithms. Critically evaluated multitasking led to significant changes in all stress measures, demonstrating highly robust stress reactivity. Machine learning algorithms accurately classified stressed typing for each individual based on their typing rhythms; however, no universal keystroke markers of stress were identified. Using typing rhythms. We were able to determine whether an individual was stressed or not, but the markers used for classification differed between individuals. These individual changes may provide opportunities for identifying stressful periods through keystroke monitoring, as well as the potential for early identification of disorders which may impact fine motor control. Typing rhythms could therefore be used to monitor health and well‐being in individuals who use keyboards in various situations. This is the first rigorous assessment of stress and typing rhythms and has led to the development of a feasible and highly reproducible research protocol.
Sex‐ and age‐related differences in the rating of perceived exertion after high‐intensity rowing exercise during childhood and adolescence
Authors: Bardin Joffrey , Maciejewski Hugo , Diry Allison , Droit‐Volet Sylvie , Thomas Claire , Ratel Sébastien 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the effects of age and sex on the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during high‐intensity exercise and determine whether mechanical and physiological parameters could be predictors of RPE during childhood and adolescence. Forty‐three boys and 36 girls performed a 60‐s all‐out test on a rowing ergometer and were categorized by age group (10.0–11.9; 12.0–13.9; 14.0–15.9; 16.0–17.9 years) and sex. Ratings of perceived exertion were assessed using the 6–20 RPE and CR‐10 scales and analyzed with respect to mechanical work rate (Wtot), post‐exercise peak blood lactate concentration ([La]peak), and peak minute ventilation (V̇Epeak). Multilevel regression modeling revealed a significant influence of Wtot, [La]peak and V̇Epeak on 6–20 RPE and CR‐10 scores (r2 = .34 and .36, p < .001, respectively). However, while boys perceived high‐intensity exercise as being subjectively more difficult than girls at all ages (p < .05) except 12.0–13.9 years, significant higher mechanical work rate and greater associated metabolic responses in boys than girls were only found from the age of 14 years (Wtot and V̇Epeak) or 16 years ([La]peak), suggesting that the association between RPE and mechanical/physiological parameters could not be held before the age of 12 years. To conclude, RPE increased with increasing age, with boys exhibiting higher scores than girls at all ages except 12.0–13.9 years. This finding is probably explained by the higher Wtot and greater concomitant metabolic responses in boys at the time of puberty. However, other factors should be considered at least in children before the age of 12 years.
Impact of capital regulation on interest rate pass‐through in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Gondwe Sopani , Gwatidzo Tendai , Mahonye Nyasha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUsing monthly data from 2005 to 2019, we employ a dynamic heterogeneous cross‐sectionally autoregressive distributed lag (CS‐ARDL) model to examine the impact of higher regulatory capital requirements on the interest rate pass‐through (IRPT) to bank lending and deposit rates in 22 Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Two key findings emerge from the investigation: (i) the average IRPT in SSA is incomplete in the long run, and (ii) stringent (higher) regulatory capital requirements reduce the pass‐through of monetary policy to commercial bank lending and deposit rates. The findings suggest that although higher regulatory capital requirements are an effective macro‐prudential tool for enhancing the stability of the banking sector, they could also have the unintended consequences of limiting economic expansion. This trade‐off calls for a careful analysis and balance in the implementation of monetary and bank regulatory policies in the region.
Sedimentology and stratigraphic architecture of Barremian synrift barrier island–estuarine depositional systems from blended field and drone‐derived data
Authors: Soria Ana R. , Liesa Carlos L. , Navarrete Rocío , Rodríguez‐López Juan Pedro 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) Camarillas Formation in the Galve Sub‐basin of eastern Spain is an exceptionally muddy, synrift, aggradational then retrogradational paralic succession. Deposition within these arid, equatorial paralic systems was strongly controlled by crustal rifting of the Iberia plate linked to the geodynamic evolution of the Atlantic Ocean, the Bay of Biscay and the Tethys Ocean. Although synsedimentary extensional tectonics controlled thickness and facies distributions, the parasequence stacking patterns point to a superimposed high‐order allogenic control on the paralic succession. Field data and drone imagery are combined to document changes in sedimentology and three‐dimensional stratigraphic architecture of these deposits to interpret changes in depositional environments as this basin filled. Three evolutionary stages are identified: (i) tide‐dominated estuary; (ii) mixed‐energy estuary, with a well‐developed wave‐dominated barrier island system; and (iii) barrier island–tidal inlet suite. An exceptional record of back‐barrier‐island depositional interactions is preserved in this high‐subsidence, extensional‐basin setting, including deposition of washover fans, flood‐tidal deltas and ebb‐tidal deltas. Drone‐derived imagery facilitates three‐dimensional architectural characterization of these complex paralic deposits, including multi‐episodic tidal inlets, and correlation of basin scale stratigraphic markers. Spatio‐temporal interactions between climate change, sea‐level variations and rift‐related subsidence generated complex estuarine and barrier island geobodies. The general transgressive trend recorded in the Camarillas Formation correlates well with global eustatic sea‐level rise during the Barremian.
Adaptation of the virtual fields method for the identification of biphasic hyperelastic model parameters in soft biological tissues with osmotic swelling
Authors: Shi Ruike , Avril Stéphane , Yang Haitian , Acosta Santamaría Víctor , Mei Yue , He Yiqian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBiphasic hyperelastic models have become popular for soft hydrated tissues, and there is a pressing need for appropriate identification methods using full‐field measurement techniques such as digital volume correlation. This paper proposes to address this need with the virtual fields method (VFM). The main asset of the proposed approach is that it avoids the repeated resolution of complex nonlinear finite element models. By choosing special virtual fields, the VFM approach can extract hyperelastic parameters of the solid part of the biphasic medium without resorting to identifying the model parameters driving the osmotic effects in the interstitial fluid. The proposed approach is verified and validated through three different examples: the first and second using simulated data and then the third using experimental data obtained from porcine descending thoracic aortas samples in osmotically active solution.
Counting rational points on projective varieties
Authors: Salberger Per 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe develop a global version of Heath‐Brown's p‐adic determinant method to study the asymptotic behaviour of the number N(W; B) of rational points of height at most B on certain subvarieties W of Pn defined over Q. The most important application is a proof of the dimension growth conjecture of Heath‐Brown and Serre for all integral projective varieties of degree d ≥ 2 over Q. For projective varieties of degree d ≥ 4, we prove a uniform version N(W; B) = Od,n,ε(Bdim W+ε) of this conjecture. We also use our global determinant method to improve upon previous estimates for quasi‐projective surfaces. If, for example, is the complement of the lines on a non‐singular surface X ⊂ P3 of degree d, then we show that . For surfaces defined by forms with non‐zero coefficients, then we use a new geometric result for Fermat surfaces to show that for B ≥ e.