bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ELT coursebooks for primary school learners
Authors: Peng Mei , Shi Yangyang , Zhang Ping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This article reports on the findings of a comparative study on songs in four English coursebook series for primary school learners, with two published in China and another two in the UK. Detailed analysis focuses on the number, the coverage, the teaching purposes, and the instructional arrangements of songs. The findings show that although the total number of songs in coursebooks from China outnumbers that from the UK, no correlation exists between learners’ grade levels and the number of songs in each fascicle. The study further demonstrates that the purposes of songs in all four series are mainly to arouse learners’ interest, to improve pronunciation, and to enhance vocabulary and sentence structure understanding, revealing a lack of due attention to fostering learners’ intercultural awareness. Regarding the pedagogical approach and other instructional arrangements, British coursebooks feature a more diversified approach, highlighting the integration of learners’ physical, psychological and cognitive development, whereas Chinese coursebooks concentrate on providing simplistic and unified instructions which may pose a challenge for novice teachers but an opportunity for experienced teachers. Based on the findings, recommendations are offered to future coursebook writers.
High-precision projection moiré measurement method based on virtual reality bridging
Authors: Cai Tianyu , Gong Yuhuang , Sun Chen , Chen Jubing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The projection moiré method is a high-precision optical topography measurement method. The existing moiré models calibrate the phase-height mapping relationship by setting and moving the reference plane, which introduces many system errors and reduces the usability and scanning scalability of the methods. This paper proposes a moiré model based on virtual reality bridging and the corresponding scanning method. First, we use the imaging parameters of the real moiré system and the derived moiré phase correspondence to build a virtual moiré model matching the real system. Then we use a variety of phase optimization algorithms to improve the coincidence between the virtual and the reality. In addition, we propose a method to calculate the pose between views to facilitate the reconstruction of the corresponding virtual moiré model during scanning measurement. Finally, we use the virtual moiré model and scanning method to conduct fixed position and scanning measurements. The results show that the proposed virtual moiré model has high accuracy and robustness, and the scanning method can achieve high-precision full-field three-dimensional shape measurement.
Search for the singlet vector-like top quark in the

channel with

at hadron colliders*
Authors: Han Lin , Wang Shiyu , Shang Liangliang , Yang Bingfang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Based on a simplified model including a singlet vector-like top quark T with charge |Q|=

, we analyze the prospects of observing T via the single T production in the

channel with Z decaying to neutrinos at the hadron-hadron colliders. This simplified model only includes two free parameters, the coupling constant

and the T quark mass

. To investigate the observability of the single T production, we perform a detailed background analysis and detector simulation for the collision energies 14 TeV, 27 TeV, and 100 TeV. We scan the

parameter space and show the exclusion and discovery capabilities on the T quark with the highest integrated luminosity designed at these colliders. Moreover, the limits from the narrow-width approximation and electroweak precision observables are considered.
Search for heavy Majorana neutrinos at future lepton colliders*
Authors: Lu Peng-Cheng , Si Zong-Guo , Wang Zhe , Yang Xing-Hua , Zhang Xin-Yi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A nonzero neutrino mass may be a sign of new physics beyond the standard model (SM). To explain the small neutrino mass, we can extend the SM using right-handed Majorana neutrinos in a low-scale seesaw mechanism, and the CP violation effect can be induced due to the CP phase in the interference of heavy Majorana neutrinos. The existence of heavy Majorana neutrinos may lead to lepton number violation processes, which can be used to search for the signals of heavy Majorana neutrinos. In this paper, we focus on the CP violation effect related to two generations of heavy Majorana neutrinos at

GeV

GeV in the pair production of W bosons and rare decays. It is valuable to investigate Majorana neutrino production signals and the related CP violation effects in rare W boson decays at future lepton colliders.
Discrepancy in Grain Size Estimation of H2O Ice in the Outer Solar System
Authors: Emran A. , Chevrier V. F. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Radiative transfer models (RTMs) have been used to estimate grain size of amorphous and crystalline water (H2O) ice in the outer solar system from near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. We use radiative scattering models to assess the discrepancy in grain size estimation of H2O ice at a temperature of 15, 40, 60, and 80 K (amorphous) and 20, 40, 60, and 80 K (crystalline)—relevant to the outer solar system. We compare the single scattering albedos of H2O ice phases using the Mie theory and Hapke approximation models from the optical constant at NIR wavelengths (1–5 μm). This study reveals that Hapke approximation models—Hapke slab and internal scattering model (ISM)—predict grain size of crystalline phase slightly closer to Mie model than amorphous phase at temperatures of 15–80 K. However, the Hapke slab model predicts, in general, grain sizes much closer to those of the Mie model's estimations while ISM predicted grain sizes exhibit a higher uncertainty. We recommend using the Mie model for unknown spectra of outer solar system bodies to estimate H2O ice grain sizes. While choosing the approximation model for employing RTMs, we recommend using a Hapke slab approximation model over the ISM.
Quality control testing of the AMAC ASIC for the HL-LHC ATLAS ITk Strip Detector
Authors: Gosart T.C. , Gutierrez Zagazeta L.F. , Keener P.T. , Kroll J. , Lu S. , Mayers G. , Newcomer F.M. , Nikolica A. , Reilly M.B. , Thomson E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe ATLAS detector requires an all new inner detector, the Inner Tracker (ITk), due to the high-luminosity upgrade to the LHC (HL-LHC). The AMACStar chip is one of three radiation hard ASICs that will be installed on the ITk Strip subdetector modules. The ASIC operates autonomously and its function is to monitor and control the temperatures, voltages, and currents in the module components, preventing these quantities from reaching dangerous levels. A total of 18000 AMACStars are needed for the ITk Strip subsystem. Wafers of these chips are probed at the University of Pennsylvania. Comprehensive probe-station testing software and procedures have been developed in order to verify the digital and analog functionality of every AMACStar. A detailed grading scheme is applied to determine which chips should be installed on the modules. The results from probing the first 11 wafers with the final design satisfy the required 90% yield needed for production goals. Probing of production AMACStar wafers began in December 2022 and will continue throughout 2023.
Design and testing of long flexible printed circuits for the ATLAS High Granularity Timing Detector demonstrator
Authors: Robles Manzano M. , Weitzel Q. , Brogna A. , Ehrecke J. , Kurt A. , Masetti L. , Patel J. , Pham B. , Theobald P. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The High Granularity Timing Detector for the ATLAS upgrade is under construction to meet the challenges of the HL-LHC. In order to connect a module, the basic detector element, to the surrounding peripheral electronic board, a flexible printed circuit (FPC) is used as an interconnection for data transmission and power distribution. An identical design for all FPCs is required except for their length, depending on the module position on the detector active area. The design and qualification of a preliminary FPC version, manufactured in 13 different lengths (from 28.5 to 73.2 cm), are presented.
First test results of the trans-impedance amplifier stage of the ultra-fast HPSoC ASIC
Authors: Chock C. , Flood K. , Macchiarulo L. , Martinez-Mckinney F. , Martinez-Rojas A. , Mazza S. , Mostafanezhad I. , Nizam M. , Ott J. , Perron R. , Ryan E. , Sadrozinski H.F.-W. , Schumm B. , Seiden A. , Shin K. , Tarka M. , Uehara D. , Wilder M. , Zhao Y. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present the first results from the HPSoC ASIC designed for readout of Ultra-fast Silicon Detectors. The 4-channel ASIC manufactured in 65 nm CMOS by TSMC has been optimized for 50 μm thick AC-LGAD. The evaluation of the analog front end with β-particles impinging on 3 × 3 AC-LGAD arrays (500 μm pitch, 200 × 200 μm2 metal) confirms a fast output rise time of 600 ps and good timing performance with a jitter of 45 ps. Further calibration experiments and TCT laser studies indicate some gain limitations that are being investigated and are driving the design of the second-generation pre-amplification stages to reach a jitter of 15 ps.
A 64-channel waveform sampling ASIC for SiPM in space-born applications
Authors: Tedesco S. , Di Salvo A. , Rivetti A. , Bertaina M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The architecture of a 64-channel ASIC for the readout of Silicon Photomultipliers in space experiments is described. Each channel embeds a front-end amplifier with a common gate topology followed by a 256 cells analogue memory with a sampling frequency of 200 MHz. A single memory cell includes a storage capacitor, a single-slope Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) with programmable resolution between 8 and 12 bits and the digital control logic. To save power, the A/D conversion is carried-out only when a trigger signal is received. The trigger can either be generated inside the ASIC or provided by an external source. The analogue samples are digitized in parallel, thus reducing the conversion dead time. The memory cells can be arranged in a single array or they can be grouped in shorter slots of 32 or 64 cells that work in a multi-buffer configuration. The channels can work independently or they can be synchronised to acquire the same time-frame in the full chip. The target power consumption is 5 mW/channel. The ASIC is being designed in a 65-nm CMOS technology. A digital-on-top flow is applied for the integration and final validation of the chip. The tape-out is scheduled in the first quarter of 2023.
Scintillation properties of (Lu1-x
Y
x
)3Al5O12:Ce3+ nanoscintillator solid solution garnet materials
Authors: Mekki H. , Guerbous L. , Bousbia-salah H. , Boukerika A. , Lebbou K. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, the scintillation properties of the
(Lu1-x
Y
x
)3Al5O12: 0.1 at.%Ce3+
mixed nanopowder scintillators synthesized by the sol-gel method
were investigated. The light yield, energy resolution and
scintillation decay kinetics for different substitutions of
Lu3+ by Y3+ ion, namely 0 at.%, 5 at.%, 10 at.%,
15 at.% and 20 at.% were evaluated. The relative light yields of
all LuYAG mixed samples were determined by the comparison method and
the LuAG:0.1 at.%Ce3+ single crystal grown by the Czochralski
technique was used as a reference detector. The scintillation decay
kinetics was measured at the photomultiplier tube anode output and a
fast digital oscilloscope was used to digitize signals. All
measurements were performed under α-particles excitation from
241Am (E = 5.48 MeV) source to avoid light scattering in
powder materials. Results show that the scintillation light yield
was affected by the insertion of Y3+ ions in the LuAG host
matrix and tends to improve in the range 10–20 at.% of Y3+
content. Furthermore, it was found that the main contribution in the
energy resolution originates from the nanoscintillator material. The
scintillation decay curves were well-fitted to a sum of three
exponential functions, and the decay time constants were
determined. Additionally, pulse shape discrimination of the mixed
LuYAG nanoscintillators was also checked, and good discrimination of
the kinetics measured under α-particles and γ-quanta
from 137Cs (E = 662 keV) was observed.
Monotonicity of a quantum 2-Wasserstein distance
Authors: Bistroń R , Eckstein M , Życzkowski K 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study a quantum analogue of the 2-Wasserstein distance as a measure of proximity on the set

Ω
N

of density matrices of dimension N. We show that such (semi-)distances do not induce Riemannian metrics on the tangent bundle of

Ω
N

and are typically not unitarily invariant. Nevertheless, we prove that for N = 2 dimensional Hilbert space the quantum 2-Wasserstein distance (unique up to rescaling) is monotonous with respect to any single-qubit quantum operation and the solution of the quantum transport problem is essentially unique. Furthermore, for any

N
⩾
3

and the quantum cost matrix proportional to a projector we demonstrate the monotonicity under arbitrary mixed unitary channels. Finally, we provide numerical evidence which allows us to conjecture that the unitary invariant quantum 2-Wasserstein semi-distance is monotonous with respect to all CPTP maps for dimension N = 3 and 4.
Concurrence of blowing snow and polynya enhances arctic surface–atmosphere interaction: a modeling study with an extreme wind event in 2018
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhang Xiangdong , Walsh John E , Roesler Erika , Hillman Benjamin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Snow, a critical element influencing surface energy/mass balance of the Arctic, can also drift in the air to complicate the surface–atmosphere interaction. This complexity can be further enhanced when the surface includes polynya. These processes, however, have not been well studied and are often unrepresented in climate and weather models. We address this by applying a snow/ice-enhanced version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model to examine the impacts of blowing snow and polynya on the surface–atmosphere interaction during an extreme Arctic wind event in February 2018, when an unprecedented polynya occurred off the north coast of Greenland. The results indicate that blowing snow and the polynya contribute opposite signs to the changes of surface sensible/latent heat fluxes, but both cause enhanced downwelling longwave radiation. Process analysis shows that the thermodynamic moistening/cooling effects due to the blowing snow sublimation are amplified by increased surface winds, reduced temperature inversion, and upward wind anomaly associated with the polynya. Enhanced surface–atmosphere interaction over a polynya due to blowing snow sublimation can potentially sustain the continuing development of the polynya.
Linear and Nonlinear Effect of Years of Schooling, Sex, and Age on the CERAD-MX and Complementary Tasks in a Mexican Sample: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zuno Reyes Angelica , Trejo Salvador , Matute Esmeralda 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective
Since evidence of adults’ cognition decline is based on standardized testing, we developed regression-based continuous norms by linear regression (LR) and nonlinear quantile regression (NQR) with years of schooling (YoS), age, and sex as covariates on the Mexican adaptation of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD-MX) and complementary tasks.

Methods
392 healthy, Spanish-speaking Mexican adults (50.25% women) aged 18–59 completed the 15 CERAD-MX cognitive tasks and complementary tasks. We used raw scores and examined YoS-related effects considering sex and age as covariates. For the NQR, we used calibrated scores for sex and age. While LR represents one line across the performance, NQR differentiated several nonlinear performance bands by quantiles.

Results
LR showed positive relationships between YoS and cognitive performance with a funnel variance pattern. Therefore, this relationship is better represented with NQR than LR. A small, but significant, negative effect of age was found for this age range (18–59 years). The band with fewer years of schooling (1–6) showed greater variability in the cognitive measures than those with more years of schooling (16–22).

Conclusion
This study shows that NQR is useful for accurately positioning participants’ performance relative to their peers. NQR accounts more than LR for the inconsistent variability of cognitive performance as a function of YoS by identifying the variability according to YoS (low, medium, high). Thus, NQR represents an appropriate way to construct norms for the cognitive performance of adults.
Botulinum Toxin Type A for the Treatment of Masseter Muscle Prominence in Asian Populations
Authors: Wu Yan , Zeng Dong , Wu Sufan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

In Asian populations, an oval face shape with a slimmer lower face is considered favorable. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) treatment of the lower face for aesthetic purposes is widely performed in Asia, although it is not officially approved for this indication in any country. In this review, the authors highlight recent research describing injection techniques, mechanism of action, clinical efficacy, and key learning points to safely treat benign masseter muscle prominence (MMP) in Asian populations using BoNT-A. To support the existing literature, clinical examples are provided that demonstrate individualized treatment plans for patients with asymmetric vs symmetric MMP and an observed complication after treatment. This review provides insights for optimizing clinical outcomes and for designing future studies investigating the safety and efficacy of BoNT-A for treating MMP.

Level of Evidence: 5
NSPA: characterizing the disease association of multiple genetic interactions at single-subject resolution
Authors: Sha Zhendong , Chen Yuanzhu , Hu Ting 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMotivationThe interaction between genetic variables is one of the major barriers to characterizing the genetic architecture of complex traits. To consider epistasis, network science approaches are increasingly being used in research to elucidate the genetic architecture of complex diseases. Network science approaches associate genetic variables’ disease susceptibility to their topological importance in the network. However, this network only represents genetic interactions and does not describe how these interactions attribute to disease association at the subject-scale. We propose the Network-based Subject Portrait Approach (NSPA) and an accompanying feature transformation method to determine the collective risk impact of multiple genetic interactions for each subject.ResultsThe feature transformation method converts genetic variants of subjects into new values that capture how genetic variables interact with others to attribute to a subject’s disease association. We apply this approach to synthetic and genetic datasets and learn that (1) the disease association can be captured using multiple disjoint sets of genetic interactions and (2) the feature transformation method based on NSPA improves predictive performance comparing with using the original genetic variables. Our findings confirm the role of genetic interaction in complex disease and provide a novel approach for gene–disease association studies to identify genetic architecture in the context of epistasis.Availability and implementationThe codes of NSPA are now available in: https://github.com/MIB-Lab/Network-based-Subject-Portrait-ApproachContactting.hu@queensu.caSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Wind energy as a source of green hydrogen production in the USA
Authors: Sedai Ashish , Dhakal Rabin , Gautam Shishir , Kumar Sedhain Bijaya , Singh Thapa Biraj , Moussa Hanna , Pol Suhas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The study incorporates an overview of the green hydrogen-production potential from wind energy in the USA, its application in power generation and the scope of substituting grey and blue hydrogen for industrial usage. Over 10 million metric tons of grey and blue hydrogen is produced in the USA annually to fulfil the industrial demand, whereas, for 1 million metric tons of hydrogen generated, 13 million metric tons of CO2 are released into the atmosphere. The research aims to provide a state-of-the-art review of the green hydrogen technology value chain and a case study on the production of green hydrogen from an 8-MW wind turbine installed in the southern plain region of Texas. This research estimates that the wind-farm capacity of 130 gigawatt-hours is required to substitute grey and blue hydrogen for fulfilling the current US annual industrial hydrogen demand of 10 million metric tons. The study investigates hydrogen-storage methods and the scope of green hydrogen-based storage facilities for energy produced from a wind turbine. This research focuses on the USA’s potential to meet all its industrial and other hydrogen application requirements through green hydrogen.
Relationships Between Patient Race and Residential Race Context With Missed Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care Visits in the United States, 2010–2015
Authors: Crockett Kaylee B , Schember Cassandra O , Bian Aihua , Rebeiro Peter F , Keruly Jeanne , Mayer Kenneth , Mathews Christopher , Moore Richard D , Crane Heidi , Geng Elvin , Napravnik Sonia , Shepherd Bryan E , Mugavero Michael J , Turan Bulent , Pettit April C 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Racial inequities exist in retention in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care and multilevel analyses are needed to contextualize and address these differences. Leveraging data from a multisite clinical cohort of people with HIV (PWH), we assessed the relationships between patient race and residential characteristics with missed HIV care visits.

Methods
Medical record and patient-reported outcome (PRO; including mental health and substance-use measures) data were drawn from 7 participating Center for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) sites including N = 20 807 PWH from January 2010 through December 2015. Generalized estimating equations were used to account for nesting within individuals and within census tracts in multivariable models assessing the relationship between race and missed HIV care visits, controlling for individual demographic and health characteristics and census tract characteristics.

Results
Black PWH resided in more disadvantaged census tracts, on average. Black PWH residing in census tracts with higher proportion of Black residents were more likely to miss an HIV care visit. Non-Black PWH were less likely to miss a visit regardless of where they lived. These relationships were attenuated when PRO data were included.

Conclusions
Residential racial segregation and disadvantage may create inequities between Black PWH and non-Black PWH in retention in HIV care. Multilevel approaches are needed to retain PWH in HIV care, accounting for community, healthcare setting, and individual needs and resources.