bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between pain and mental health among undocumented immigrants in France
Authors: Moussaoui Sohela , Vignier Nicolas , Guillaume Stéphanie , Jusot Florence , Marsaudon Antoine , Wittwer Jérôme , Dourgnon Paul 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose. Undocumented immigrants often face mental health issues and multisite pain. Links between pain and mental health have been described however not among undocumented immigrants in France. Describing these associations supports further research on the mental health of this population, especially when no cause can explain the pain. The main objective of this study was to analyze associations between pain and mental health among undocumented immigrants in France.
Methods. We drew from the data collected in the multicentric cross-sectional “Premier Pas” study carried out in the Parisian and Bordeaux region between February and April 2019. Undocumented immigrants over the age of 18 were included from sixty-three sites. Participants were asked about their mental health and whether they were experiencing pain. Associations were explored using univariate and multivariate analysis with logistic regression models.
Results. Among 1188 research participants, our results showed associations between pain and mental health: musculoskeletal pain with sleep disorder and abdominal pain with anxiety and sleep disorder. Also, social determinants of health such as the duration of residence in France, housing conditions or food insecurity were associated with different types of pain.
Conclusion. This study is the first to document the existence of associations between pain experienced by undocumented immigrants in France and their mental health. It provides a new contribution to the French literature and evidence for clinicians to investigate the mental health ofundocumented immigrants experiencing pain.
Tumor number and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score as selection criteria for liver resection in intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yen Yi-Hao , Li Wei-Feng , Liu Yueh-Wei , Yong Chee-Chien , Wang Chih-Chi , Lin Chih-Yun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Many studies have reported preoperative predictors of overall survival (OS) of patients undergoing liver resection (LR) for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the results are inconsistent. We aim to clarify this issue.
Methods
We enrolled 719 patients with BCLC stage A and single HCC 2.0–5.0 cm (designated A1), 294 patients with BCLC stage A and single HCC > 5.0 cm (designated A2), and 170 patients with BCLC stage B undergoing LR during 2011–2021.
Results
Multivariate analysis showed that alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) > 400 ng/ml (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.980; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.151–3.405; p = 0.014), tumor number > 3 (HR = 2.036; 95% CI = 1.200–3.457; p = 0.008), and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score > 9 (HR = 2.102; 95% CI = 1.244–3.551; p = 0.006) were associated with BCLC stage B patients’ 5-year OS. Using β estimates from multivariate analysis, we constructed a linear predictor of BCLC stage B patients’ OS. Based on the Kaplan–Meier estimator, we divided BCLC stage B patients into two groups: BCLC B1 group with ≤ 3 tumors and MELD score ≤ 9, irrespective of AFP level; and BCLC B2 group with > 3 tumors or MELD score > 9, irrespective of AFP level. The 5-year OS of BCLC A1, A2, B1, and B2 was 78%, 66%, 60%, and 23%, respectively (p < 0.001). OS was significantly different between A1 and A2 (p = 0.012) and B1 and B2 (p < 0.001), but not between A2 and B1 (p = 0.576).
Conclusion
Patients with BCLC B1 HCC may be ideal candidates for LR because their OS is comparable to that of BCLC A2 patients.
Assessing the short-term impact of a high-fat, high-salt diet on the gut bacteria and related pathophysiology in mice
Authors: Kumar Suresh , Pandey Ramendra Pati , Chang Chung-Ming , Raj V. Samuel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Current research shows that consuming high-fat and salt that are now the main ingredients of modern diets over a period of time can disrupt the gut ecosystem, leading to metabolic imbalances and metabolic diseases. However, which component of modern diets, such as high-fat and high-salt consumption for a short duration, is more harmful to health based on its impact on gut bacteria and associated health outcomes is still poorly explored. This study aimed to determine which of high fat or high salt is more detrimental to health by feeding mice HFD and HSD diets for a short period of 3 weeks. To address these wide knowledge gaps, we conducted a high-throughput sequencing study to see how gut microbiota profile changes in HFD or HSD-fed mice. Further, we also investigated whether high fat or high salt is more detrimental to health. In this study, the mice were fed a standard chow diet (CD), HFD and HSD for 3 weeks. Animals were euthanized and examined of haemato-biochemical and histopathological attributes. We also used 16S rRNA sequencing followed by bioinformatics analysis to evaluate the changes in gut microbiota ecology. Interestingly, this study found that HFD or HSD feeding for a short duration induces the pathophysiological attributes of a typical metabolic syndrome as indicated by serum biochemistry and significantly modifies gut microbiota in mice. We concluded that HSD causes significantly more changes in gut bacteria than HFD due to a diminution of beneficial gut bacteria and an enrichment of harmful gut bacteria. We found that HFD led to a more significant increase in plasma total cholesterol (TC), a known risk factor for heart disease, stroke, and atherosclerosis. While HSD is more detrimental to the kidneys, since an increase in creatinine levels indicates kidney disease. Furthermore, mice fed HFD or HSD for a short duration showed minimal and insignificant pathological changes in their hearts, livers, and kidneys.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Interleukin-2 Therapy in Experimental Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Luo Zhengkang , Mejia-Cordova Mariela , Hamze Nour , Berggren Elin , Chopra Saloni , Safi Bilal , Blixt Martin , Sandler Stellan , Singh Kailash 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aim Much focus of immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been devoted on selectively boosting regulatory T (Treg) cells using low dose IL-2 due to their constitutive expression of IL-2Rα, CD25. However, several clinical trials using a low dose of IL-2 only showed a limited improvement of metabolic control. It can therefore be hypothesized that further decreasing IL-2 dosage may increase the selective responsiveness of Treg cells.Methods We induced experimental T1D using multiple low dose streptozotocin (STZ) injections and treated the mice with an ultra-low dose IL-2 (uIL-2, approximately 7-fold lower than low dose). Immune response was studied using multicolor flow cytometry.Results We found that uIL-2 did not protect STZ mice from developing hyperglycemia. It did neither increase Treg cell proportions, nor did it correct the phenotypic shift of Treg cells seen in T1D. It only partially decreased the proportion of IFN-γ+ T cells. Likewise, uIL-2 also did not protect the dysfunction of regulatory B (Breg) cells. Strikingly, when administered in combination with an anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-35, uIL-2 abrogated IL-35’s protective effect. Low dose IL-2, on the other hand, protected half of the STZ mice from developing hyperglycemia. No difference was found in the Treg and Breg response, and it only tended to decrease CD80 expression in macrophages and dendritic cells.Conclusion In conclusion, further decreasing IL-2 dosage may not be a suitable approach for T1D therapy, and the limited success suggests that an alternative low dose IL-2 therapy strategy or other immunotherapies should be considered.
Transfer Learning Across Diseases Opens a Novel Route Towards Pandemic Preparedness
Authors: Meyer Joana , Fritsch Sebastian , Sharafutdinov Konstantin , Nikulina Kateryna , Polzin Richard , Marx Gernot , Bickenbach Johannes , Schuppert Andreas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Pandemic preparedness has gained high relevance throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, necessitating optimized therapeutic strategies for early phase disease management. Predicting patient-specific outcomes, particularly for novel infectious diseases with complex multimorbidity patterns, presents significant challenges due to limited availability of disease-specific patient datasets and an incomplete understanding of disease mechanisms early in the disease wave.
We propose a concept for rapid predictive modeling of disease outcomes based on the hypothesis of common disease-promoting mechanisms and leveraging transfer learning across different disease types.
Introducing the Medical Reference Space (MRS) as a unifying framework to integrate heterogeneous clinical data structures, allows us to monitor therapy response dynamics and predict individual outcomes across various diseases.
We performed a retrospective analysis on mechanically ventilated patients from intensive care units, comprising 495 COVID and 6212 non-COVID patients. The results demonstrate that MRS-based models, trained on non-COVID patients, effectively predict individual survival in COVID-19 patients, comparable to models trained exclusively on COVID data. Moreover, the MRS approach provides insights into the impact of rapidly evolving events, such as sepsis, on the predictivity of machine learning-based prognostic systems indicating conceptual limitations for patient-specific decision support systems.
Our findings highlight the potential of using retrospective patient data repositories for transfer learning as a rapid strategy for predicting disease outcomes of new evolving diseases, opening a route towards future pandemic preparedness.
Thermodynamic performance assessment of a community-scale brackish water reverse osmosis plant using exergy analysis
Authors: Sutariya Bhaumik , Amaliar Govind 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This study investigated the thermodynamic performance of a community-scale membrane-based brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO) plant at various operating pressures from 13.79 to 27.58 bar and feed salinity levels from 2,000 to 20,000 mg/L. We aimed to identify the components responsible for the exergy losses and to suggest improvements. The results showed that the exergetic efficiency of some individual components had a significant impact on the performance of the desalination plant, where the high-pressure (HP) pump assembly and pressure control valve were identified as the major contributors to exergy losses (57.83–70.59 and 15.75–27.62%, respectively). The inefficiency of the feed pump assembly contributed to 11–12% of the total destruction of exergy under different operating conditions. The analysis further revealed that the exergetic efficiency of the plant was maximum (0.51%) at the feed salinity of 10,000 mg/L and operating pressure of 27.58 bar. It was minimum (0.01%) for the highest salinity (20,000 mg/L) and the lowest operating pressure (13.79 bar), due to the low requirement of work of separation and higher fixed losses. The exergetic efficiency was also correlated to the energetic performance of the BWRO plant at different operating conditions.
Innovative Genoceuticals in Human Gene Therapy Solutions: Challenges
and Safe Clinical Trials of Orphan Gene Therapy Products
Authors: Sharma Rakesh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
The success of gene therapy attempts is controversial and inconclusive. Currently, it is
popular among the public, the scientific community, and manufacturers of Gene Therapy Medical
Products. In the absence of any remedy or treatment options available for untreatable inborn
metabolic orphan or genetic diseases, cancer, or brain diseases, gene therapy treatment by genoceuticals
and T-cells for gene editing and recovery remains the preferred choice as the last hope. A
new concept of “Genoceutical Gene Therapy” by using orphan ‘nucleic acid-based therapy’ aims
to introduce scientific principles of treating acquired tissue damage and rare diseases. These Orphan
Genoceuticals provide new scope for the ‘genodrug’ development and evaluation of genoceuticals
and gene products for ideal ‘gene therapy’ use in humans with marketing authorization application
(MAA). This perspective study focuses on the quality control, safety, and efficacy requirements
of using ‘nucleic acid-based and human cell-based new gene therapy’ genoceutical products
to set scientific advice on genoceutical-based ‘orphan genodrug’ design for clinical trials as per
Western and European guidelines. The ethical Western FDA and European EMA guidelines
suggest stringent legal and technical requirements on genoceutical medical products or orphan genodrug
use for other countries to frame their own guidelines. The introduction section proposes less--
known ‘orphan drug-like’ properties of modified RNA/DNA, human cell origin gene therapy medical
products, and their transgene products. The clinical trial section explores the genoceutical
sources, FDA/EMA approvals for genoceutical efficacy criteria with challenges, and ethical guidelines
relating to gene therapy of specific rare metabolic, cancer and neurological diseases. The safety
evaluation of approved genoceuticals or orphan drugs is highlighted with basic principles and
‘genovigilance’ requirements (to observe any adverse effects, side effects, developed signs/symptoms)
to establish their therapeutic use. Current European Union and Food and Drug Administration
guidelines continuously administer fast-track regulatory legal framework from time to time,
and they monitor the success of gene therapy medical product efficacy and safety. Moreover, new
ethical guidelines on ‘orphan drug-like genoceuticals’ are updated for biodistribution of the vector,
genokinetics studies of the transgene product, requirements for efficacy studies in industries for
market authorization, and clinical safety endpoints with their specific concerns in clinical trials or
public use.
Therapeutic Potential and Pharmacological Activities of Moscatilin in
Medicine for the Treatment of Cancers and other Human Complication: A
Review of the Active Components of Dendrobium Species
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Plant-derived byproducts have been used to treat numerous kinds of human
complications in medicine since a very early age. Moscatilin is a bibenzyl compound found to be present
in Dendrobium. Moscatilin, also called 4,4′-dihydroxyl-3,3′,5-trimethoxybibenzyl has potential
benefits in medicine for the treatment of ovarian, lung, breast, esophageal, hepatic, colorectal, pancreatic
and neck squamous cancer.

Methods:
The present work summarized the health-beneficial aspects of moscatilin for its effectiveness
against numerous kinds of cancerous disorders in medicine. Pharmacological activities and analytical
aspects of moscatilin have been analyzed in the present work through available scientific data
on Google, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed.

Results:
Scientific data analysis of moscatilin signified their therapeutic effectiveness against ovarian
cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, hepatic cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic
cancer, neck squamous cell cancer, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Further, moscatilin has a significant
effect on inflammation, Alzheimer's disease, diabetic neuropathy, and retinal ischemia. However,
analytical data on moscatilin were also discussed in the present work in order to know the effective
separation, isolation and identification of moscatilin.

Conclusion:
Scientific information on moscatilin presented in this work will be helpful to all
scientific people to understand the biological importance and therapeutic potential of moscatilin in
medicine.
Why do some Children Get Sick with Recurrent Respiratory Infections?
Authors: Cardinale Fabio , La Torre Francesco , Tricarico Lucia Grazia , Verriello Giuseppe , Mastrorilli Carla 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Respiratory tract infections (RTI) represent a frequent condition, particularly among
preschool children, with an important burden on the affected children and their families. It has
been estimated that recurrent RTIs affect up to 25% of children during the first 4 years of life. Th-
ese infections are mainly caused by viruses and are generally self-limiting. Social and environmen-
tal factors have been studied in determining the incidence of recurrent RTIs and the mostly recog-
nized are precocious day care attendance, tobacco exposure and pollution. Primary immune de-
fects, local anatomical factors, and genetic disorders such as primary ciliary dyskinesia or cystic fi-
brosis, may be also involved in recurrent RTIs of a subgroup of children, typically characterized by
more severe and chronic symptoms. However, there is increasing awareness that RTIs have a com-
plex pathophysiology and that some underrecognized factors, including genetic susceptibility to in-
fections, low levels of some micronutrients, and respiratory microbiota might shape the probability
for the child to develop RTIs. The sum (i.e. the number) of these factors may help in explaining
why some children get sick for RTIs whilst other not. In some children iatrogenic factors, includ-
ing improper use of antibiotics and NSAIDS or glucocorticoids might also aggravate this condi-
tion, further weakening the host's immune response and the possibly of establishing a “vicious cir-
cle”. The present review aims to focus on several possible factors involved in influencing RTIs and
to propose a unifying hypothesis on pathophysiological mechanisms of unexplained recurrent RTIs
in children.
Reactive Arthritis in Children: Case Report, Narrative Review and
Proposed Therapy
Authors: Alshaya Milad , Almutairi Nouf , Alrasheed Abdulrahman , Albanaqi Ihtifal , Laxer Ronald M. , Alhammad Abdullah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Reactive arthritis is an acute inflammatory aseptic arthritis that is preceded by an infectious
process in genetically predisposed individuals. It has been associated with gastrointestinal or
genitourinary infection. Reactive arthritis is rare in children. In this review, we present two index
cases that need biologic treatment followed by a thorough review of reactive arthritis in children
and adolescents with proposed treatment algorithm.
Current Challenges and Issues in Indian Regulations of Medical Devices
Authors: Bhatia Rohit , Singh Shubham , Parashar Ananya , Thakkar Arti R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
The study's objectives are to highlight the significance of medical devices, investigate the
prospective expansion of the Indian market, look at the legislative changes made possible by MDR
2020, and deal with the ongoing issues with cost, quality, and adverse responses. The research aims to
enhance the Indian medical devices sector by offering insightful observations and suggestions. This
study intends to highlight the significance of medical devices, assess the prospective growth of the Indian
industry, look at the regulatory changes brought about by MDR 2020, and address the ongoing
issues with cost, quality, and adverse responses. The goal of the research is to help the Indian medical
devices business grow by offering helpful insights and practical suggestions. The improvement of
people's well-being and health depends heavily on medical technologies. The usage of medical devices
is expected to rise as technology develops and illnesses spread. The Indian medical device industry
is expected to grow to a market value of USD 50 billion by 2025, placing it fourth in Asia. The "Atma
Nibbar Bharat" strategy, which emphasizes independence, is anticipated to support the expansion of
India's medical device industry. Before the passage of the Medications and Cosmetics Act of 1940,
there were no explicit regulations controlling medical devices, which resulted in their designation as
medications. The Medical Device Regulation (MDR) was initially announced in 2017, nevertheless,
and went into effect in January 2018. The Indian medical device sector was greatly impacted by the
change of this guideline paper into MDR 2020. For testing and altering equipment that comes within
the new criteria, the amended legislation offers a wider range of options. Despite these positive adjustments,
problems still exist. Significant drawbacks include unregulated pricing, difficulties with
quality control, and negative responses to medical equipment. This essay covers these topics in extensive
detail and includes pertinent advice. It is stated which department is in control of handling these
issues. To successfully address these issues, thorough examples, case studies, and solutions are given.
In conclusion, this abstract emphasizes the significance of medical devices, the market's potential for
growth in India, MDR 2020's legislative adjustments, as well as the ongoing difficulties related to
cost, quality, and bad responses. The essay seeks to solve these problems by providing insightful analysis
and suggestions.
Glucocorticoids, COVID-19 and Cryptococcosis
Authors: dos Santos Wanessa Maria , Rogerio Alexandre Paula 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii pneumonitis could persist asymptomatically for indefinite periods, resolve, or progress to symptomatic dissemination, mainly in immunocompromised individuals (e.g., treated with corticosteroids). The symptoms of COVID 19 may range from a self limiting illness with general symptoms, such as fever, to more severe complications, such as pneumonitis. The glucocorticoids emerged as potential for treatment of COVID 19, mainly those patients who required ventilator therapy. However, although treatment with glucocorticoids has shown benefits in patients with COVID 19, they can be dangerous due to increased risk of co
infections and superinfections caused by opportunistic pathogens such as Cryptococcus ssp. Some patients with severe COVID 19 pneumonia treated with glucocorticoids developed cryptococcal infection and died. Therefore, immunomodulatory therapy could increase the susceptibility to acute infection or reactivation of Cryptococcus ssp in COVID 19 patients, and this could be complicated once pulmonary cryptococcosis has symptoms similar to COVID 19 becomes difficult to distinguish between the two disease states and treatment.