bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of intravenous thrombolysis with and without salvianolic acids for injection on the functional recovery of patients with acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Wang Liuding , Liu Yue , Wei Jingjing , Liang Xiao , Zhang Yunling 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), the effect of salvianolic acids for injection (SAFI) as the secondary treatment after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of SAFI for patients with AIS undergoing IVT. We searched seven electronic databases and two registries from inception to July 24, 2022, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of SAFI plus recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt‐PA) on the functional recovery compared to rt‐PA alone in patients with AIS. Two independent authors selected RCTs, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. A meta‐analysis was conducted. Eight RCTs involving 682 patients with AIS were included. Compared to patients receiving intravenous rt‐PA alone, those receiving intravenous rt‐PA combined with SAFI had a higher likelihood of achieving favorable functional outcomes at 3 months. In addition, the use of SAFI for 2 weeks was associated with better neurological recovery. The evidence of benefit was confirmed by trial sequential analysis (TSA). The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage did not differ between the two groups. In patients with AIS, intravenous rt‐PA combined with SAFI might achieve better functional outcomes. However, further high‐quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of SAFI.
Remote operation system for novice tractor drivers for situations where automatic driving is difficult
Authors: Amagai Sogo , Fukuoka Yuji , Fujii Takafumi , Matsuzaki Yushi , Hosozawa Hiroaki , Ikegami Takanori , Warisawa Shin'ichi , Fukui Rui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe development of automated tractors is anticipated to address the problem of a declining and aging agricultural labor force. However, there are numerous situations in which automatic driving is difficult in the field. We developed a remote operation system allowing novice tractor drivers to control a tractor remotely in situations where automatic driving is difficult and evaluated its performance on a real tractor in a field. Our challenge was to design a user interface (UI) that allows novices to comprehend the tractor's status and return the tractor situation where automatic operation is possible. The system's UI is inspired by popular video games. In experiments, even novice tractor drivers with little or no experience driving automobiles or playing video games could remotely control the tractor and till according to the goal line. In addition, the participants dealt with an invisible obstacle by viewing illustrations of the tractor sensor data. The designed UI's operation methods and operator attributes were analyzed. Through the experiment, the following facts were revealed. A method of operation that allows the analog stick to adhere to the mechanical guide results in smooth operation. In addition, the participant's preferred control method depends on his/her gaming experience. Thus, this study clarifies some of the specifications and design guidelines necessary for a novice‐friendly remote UI for the remote operation of a tractor.
The hydromorphology indexIHMbased on fish requirements
Authors: Schmölz Katja , Felber Agnes , Wolfgang Mark , Thaler Melanie , Wieser Josef , Persiano Simone , Bertoldi Giacomo , Tasser Erich 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStream ecosystems are diverse and dynamic habitats that are strongly influenced by the direct and indirect consequences of human interventions. Several initiatives have been started all over Europe to satisfy the European guidelines for the protection of local water bodies, but a standardised procedure across national borders fulfilling all relevant aspects and parameters of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) does not exist. In this context, we propose a new methodical approach based on salmonid fish populations to assess stream quality to increase the comparability of individual assessments due to standardized survey and evaluation methods for hydromorphology. Our approach is based on the Austrian and Italian methods, which account for the European standards, and it has been tested in 81 stream sections representative of different site and anthropogenic use conditions in the European Alps. The assessment procedure is composed of a set of 11 indicators, which were selected to evaluate longitudinal and lateral morphological and temporal dynamics of morphological and hydrological conditions. The indicators were combined into three indices, the morphology (IM), hydrology (IH), and hydromorphology indices (IHM), to obtain a holistic picture with as few parameters as possible. The definition of indicators and indices, their methodical implementation and practical testing in the field, were carried out by an interdisciplinary team of international experts. The resulting and tested field manual is included with this publication as Supplementary material. The applicability, strengths, and weaknesses of the approach are discussed in the present paper.
Surface‐Diluted LiMn6 Superstructure Units Utilizing PO43− Confined Ni‐Doping Sites to Stabilize Li‐Rich Layered Oxides
Authors: Cheng Wenhua , Liu Qingcui , Ding Juan , Wang Xingchao , Wang Lei , Wang Jiulin , Zhang Wenjun , Huang Yudai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSerious capacity and voltage degradation of Li‐rich layered oxides (LLOs) caused by severe interfacial side reactions (ISR), structural instability, and transition metal (TM) dissolution during charge/discharge need to be urgently resolved. Here, it is proposed for the inaugural time that the confinement effect of PO43− dilutes the LiMn6 superstructure units on the surface of LLOs, while deriving a stable interface with phosphate compounds and spinel species. Combining theoretical calculations, diffraction, spectroscopy, and micrography, an in‐depth investigation of the mechanism is performed. The results show that the modified LLO exhibits excellent anionic/cationic redox reversibility and ultra‐high cycling stability. The capacity retention is increased from 72.4% to 95.4%, and the voltage decay is suppressed from 2.48 to 1.29 mV cycle−1 after 300 cycles at 1 C. It also has stable long cycling performance, with capacity retention improved from 40.2% to 81.9% after 500 cycles at 2 C. The excellent electrochemical performance is attributed to the diluted superstructure units on the surface of LLO inhibiting the TM migration in the intralayer and interlayer. Moreover, the stable interfacial layers alleviate the occurrence of ISR and TM dissolution. Therefore, this strategy can give some important insights into the development of highly stable LLOs.
Sonopiezoelectric Nanomedicine and Materdicine
Authors: Wang Xue , Dai Xinyue , Chen Yu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEndogenous electric field is ubiquitous in a multitude of important living activities such as bone repair, cell signal transduction, and nerve regeneration, signifying that regulating the electric field in organisms is highly beneficial to maintain organism health. As an emerging and promising research direction, piezoelectric nanomedicine and materdicine precisely activated by ultrasound with synergetic advantages of deep tissue penetration, remote spatiotemporal selectivity, and mechanical‐electrical energy interconversion, have been progressively utilized for disease treatment and tissue repair by participating in the modulation of endogenous electric field. This specific nanomedicine utilizing piezoelectric effect activated by ultrasound is typically regarded as “sonopiezoelectric nanomedicine”. This comprehensive review summarizes and discusses the substantially employed sonopiezoelectric nanomaterials and nanotherapies to provide an insight into the internal mechanism of the corresponding biological behavior/effect of sonopiezoelectric biomaterials in versatile disease treatments. This review primarily focuses on the sonopiezoelectric biomaterials for biosensing, drug delivery, tumor therapy, tissue regeneration, antimicrobia, and further illuminates the underlying sonopiezoelectric mechanism. In addition, the challenges and developments/prospects of sonopiezoelectric nanomedicine are analyzed for promoting the further clinical translation. It is earnestly expected that this kind of nanomedicine/biomaterials‐enabled sonopiezoelectric technology will provoke the comprehensive investigation and promote the clinical development of the next‐generation multifunctional materdicine.
Ultrahigh Performance H2O2 Generation by Single‐Atom Fe Catalysts with N/O Bidentate Ligand via Oxalic Acid and Oxygen Molecules Activation
Authors: Zhang Mingming , Lai Cui , Xu Fuhang , Huang Danlian , Hu Tianjue , Li Bisheng , Ma Dengsheng , Liu Shiyu , Fu Yukui , Li Ling , Tang Lin , Chen Liang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) for photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation are researched but it is still challenging to obtain high H2O2 yields. Herein, graphite carbon nitride (FeSA/CN) confined single Fe atoms with N/O coordination is prepared, and FeSA/CN shows high H2O2 production via oxalic acid and O2 activation. Under visible light illumination, the concentration of H2O2 generated by FeSA/CN can achieve 40.19 mM g−1 h−1, which is 10.44 times higher than that of g‐C3N4. The enhanced H2O2 generation can be attributed to the formation of metal‐organic complexes and rapid electron transfer. Moreover, the O2 activation of photocatalysts is revealed by 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine oxidation. The results display that the O2 activation capacity of FeSA/CN is higher than that of g‐C3N4, which facilitates the formation of H2O2. Finally, density functional theory calculation demonstrates that O2 is chemically adsorbed on Fe atomic sites. The adsorption energy of O2 is enhanced from −0.555 to −1.497 eV, and the bond length of OO is extended from 1.235 to 1.292 Å. These results exhibit that the confinement of single Fe atoms can promote O2 adsorption and activation. Finally, the photocatalytic mechanism is elaborated, which provides a deep understanding for SACs‐catalyzed H2O2 generation.
Switchable Xe/Kr Selectivity in a Hofmann‐Type Metal–Organic Framework via Temperature‐Responsive Rotational Dynamics
Authors: Kim Hyojin , Choe Jong Hyeak , Kang Minjung , Kang Dong Won , Yun Hongryeol , Youn Jeongwon , Lee Weon‐Gyu , Lee Jung‐Hoon , Hong Chang Seop 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe development of adsorbents for Kr and Xe separation is essential to meet industrial demands and for energy conservation. Although a number of previous studies have focused on Xe‐selective adsorbents, stimuli‐responsive Xe/Kr‐selective adsorbents still remain underdeveloped. Herein, a Hofmann‐type framework Co(DABCO)[Ni(CN)4] (referred to as CoNi‐DAB; DABCO = 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane) that provides a temperature‐dependent switchable Xe/Kr separation performance is reported. CoNi‐DAB showed high Kr/Xe (0.8/0.2) selectivity with significant Kr adsorption at 195 K as well as high Xe/Kr (0.2/0.8) selectivity with superior Xe adsorption at 298 K. Such adsorption features are associated with the temperature‐dependent rotational configuration of the DABCO ligand, which affects the kinetic gate‐opening temperature of Xe and Kr. The packing densities of Xe (2.886 g cm−3 at 298 K) and Kr (2.399 g cm−3 at 195 K) inside the framework are remarkable and comparable with those of liquid Xe (3.057 g cm−3) and liquid Kr (2.413 g cm−3), respectively. Breakthrough experiments confirm the temperature‐dependent reverse separation performance of CoNi‐DAB at 298 K under dry and wet (88% relative humidity) conditions and at 195 K under dry conditions. The unique adsorption behavior is also verified through van der Waals (vdW)‐corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations and nudged elastic band (NEB) simulations.
Harnessing Pseudo‐Jahn−Teller Disordering of Monoclinic Birnessite for Excited Interfacial Polarization and Local Magnetic Domains
Authors: Huang Xiaogu , Yu Gaoyuan , Quan Bin , Xu Jing , Sun Guomin , Shao Gaofeng , Zhang Qinghua , Guo Tengchao , Guan Jiaping , Zhang Mingji , Zhu Xiaohui , Gu Lin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe symmetry in a polymorph is one of the most important elements for determining the inherent lattice nature. The MnO2 host tends to high‐symmetry MnO6 octahedra as a result of the electronic structure t2g3eg0 of Mn4+ ions, displaying an ordered structure accompanying with poor polarization loss and limiting its application toward high‐performance microwave absorbers. Here, a pseudo‐Jahn−Teller (PJT) distortion and PJT disordering design with abundant self‐forming interfaces and local magnetic domains in the monoclinic birnessite–MnO2 host is first reported. The PJT distortion can give rise to asymmetric MnO6 octahedra, inducing the formation of interfaces and increased electron spin magnetic moment in the lattice. The resultant birnessite with PJT distortions and PJT disordering delivers an outstanding reflection loss value of −42.5 dB at an ultralow thickness of 1.7 mm, mainly derived from the excited interfacial polarization and magnetic loss. This work demonstrates an effective approach in regulating the lattice structure of birnessite for boosting microwave absorption performance.
Bivalves from the Changhsingian (upper Permian) Bellerophon Formation of the Dolomites (Italy): ancestors of Lower Triassic post‐extinction benthic communities
Authors: Prinoth Herwig , Posenato Renato 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDiverse shallow marine fossil assemblages from the Changhsingian Bellerophon Formation (Dolomites) record late Palaeozoic marine life immediately before the end‐Permian mass extinction. We classifiedc. 6500 bivalves from western Dolomites localities, identifying 26 species including one new family (Ladinomyidae), three new genera (Ladinomya,Lovaralucina,Gardenapecten) and 10 new species:Acharax frenademezi,Bakevellia(Bakevellia)preromangica,Edmondia hautmanni,Etheripecten stuflesseri,Ladinomya fosteri,Lovaralucina covidi,Palaeolima badiotica,Promytilus merlai,Tambanella?stetteneckensisandVolsellina carinata. The occurrence of threeEumorphotisspecies with different stratigraphic distributions, leads us to propose an upper Permian ‘LowerEumorphotisZone’, divided intoE. praecurrens,E. striatocostataandE. lorigaesubzones, and distinct from the existing Lower TriassicEumorphotisZone (here renamed ‘UpperEumorphotisZone’). Palaeoecological analysis produced six biofacies and four ecofacies, based on richness, dominance and ecological lifestyle. The bivalves inhabited lagoonal to nearshore environments affected by stressed conditions: high temperatures, high salinity, shallow water depths, low oxygen and high terrigenous input. The upper Bellerophon Fm is characterized by increasingly fully marine conditions, although eurytopic taxa still suggest stressed conditions. Bivalve richness of the upper Permian Bellerophon and Lower Triassic Werfen formations was compared to estimate the genus‐level extinction rate. The disappearance of almost half (47%) of Bellerophon Fm genera is remarkably low compared with other, coeval bivalve faunas. Pre‐extinction bivalve faunas were dominated by stress‐adapted taxa (Unionites,Eumorphotis,Bakevellia,Towapteria) able to thrive in extreme environmental conditions, survive the end‐Permian mass extinction, and become the dominant biotic component of Lower Triassic benthic communities globally.
A specific high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography method validated for estimation of mometasone furoate and olopatadine hydrochloride
Authors: Patel Bhoomi , Patel Satish 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance thin‐layer chromatography has the capacity to run many samples simultaneously and reduced solvent usage, It offers a number of advantages that can save both time and money. The simultaneous quantification of mometasone furoate and olopatadine hydrochloride in a combined dose has been developed and validated using a specific, precise, accurate, and economical high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography technique. Methanol: Water (8: 2, v/v) was used as the mobile phase during the separation, which took place on a stationary phase of pre‐coated silica gel aluminum plate 60 F254. At 248 nm, separated components were densitometrically measured. The method was validated for Linearity and range, precision, reproducibility, specificity, accuracy, the limit of detection, and the limit of quantification as per the International Council for Harmonization Q2(R1) guideline. mometasone furoate and olopatadine hydrochloride regression coefficients (R2) were found to be 0.9995 and 0.9991, accordingly. Mometasone furoate and olopatadine hydrochloride percentage recoveries were measured to be 98.99 ± 0.39 and 99.15 ± 0.95, respectively. The analytical findings demonstrate that the proposed approach could be used to quantify mometasone furoate and olopatadine HCl simultaneously in a combined dose.
An interdisciplinary forensic approach for human remains identification and missing persons investigations
Authors: Dahal Ayusha , McNevin Dennis , Chikhani Madelen , Ward Jodie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe resolution of unidentified human remains (UHR) and long‐term missing persons (LTMP) cases is paramount for administrative, legal, and humanitarian reasons. There are various forensic profiling methods for human identification; however, their utility is dependent on several factors. First, UHR can be found in different stages of decomposition, so the availability and diversity of post‐mortem (PM) information will differ. Second, the availability and totality of the LTMP's ante‐mortem (AM) information will differ. Therefore, the suitability of existing methods will be dependent on the quality and quantity of PM and/or AM data available for comparison. Visual recognition is the simplest and quickest method, but typically not practiced or possible, owing to the altered, fragmented, or skeletonized state of UHR. Primary forensic profiling methods involve the comparison of fingerprint, dental, DNA, and medical data. Secondary forensic profiling methods from anthropology, radiology, geochemistry, and anatomy disciplines can provide supplementary evidence to support comparative identification approaches. Emerging forensic molecular technologies such as genomics, microbiomics, epigenetics, and proteomics, together with individual digital footprints from personal devices, offer new investigative leads for establishing identity. However, despite the success of these individual methods, their limitations must be considered when used in isolation. Through the development of a guiding forensic examination framework, this review endorses an interdisciplinary response to unidentified and missing persons investigations, where various forensic specialists collaboratively examine UHR using a suite of contemporary forensic profiling methods to produce multiple and/or different lines of evidence to link them effectively, efficiently, comprehensively, and systematically to LTMP.This article is categorized under:Forensic Science in Action/Crime Scene Investigation > Special Situations and InvestigationsForensic Biology > DNA Testing in Disaster Victim and Missing Persons IdentificationForensic Medicine > Medicolegal Death Investigation SystemsJurisprudence and Regulatory Oversight > Interdisciplinary Collaboration
Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase: A guardian of the cellular nucleotide pool and potential mediator of RNA function
Authors: Schroader Jacob H. , Handley Mark T. , Reddy Kaalak 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPase), encoded by the ITPA gene in humans, is an important enzyme that preserves the integrity of cellular nucleotide pools by hydrolyzing the noncanonical purine nucleotides (deoxy)inosine and (deoxy)xanthosine triphosphate into monophosphates and pyrophosphate. Variants in the ITPA gene can cause partial or complete ITPase deficiency. Partial ITPase deficiency is benign but clinically relevant as it is linked to altered drug responses. Complete ITPase deficiency causes a severe multisystem disorder characterized by seizures and encephalopathy that is frequently associated with fatal infantile dilated cardiomyopathy. In the absence of ITPase activity, its substrate noncanonical nucleotides have the potential to accumulate and become aberrantly incorporated into DNA and RNA. Hence, the pathophysiology of ITPase deficiency could arise from metabolic imbalance, altered DNA or RNA regulation, or from a combination of these factors. Here, we review the known functions of ITPase and highlight recent work aimed at determining the molecular basis for ITPA‐associated pathogenesis which provides evidence for RNA dysfunction.This article is categorized under:
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development
Training and capacity building of young water professionals—role of an innovative and transformative program for sustainable water futures
Authors: Maheshwari Basant 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWater management has become quite a complex task because of population pressure, climate change, and urbanization. Future young water professionals (YWPs) need to be capable of working with real‐world situations, and they need to be trained suitably so that they can effectively communicate with decision‐makers and enable innovative ideas to be adopted in policy development and actions on the ground. To get the ideas converted into actions, we need YWPs who are well‐trained not only in water science and engineering but also in social, economic, governance, policy, and other related aspects. Overall, well‐designed transdisciplinary training can help YWPs to bring new thinking and leadership in their workplace, including water governance, stakeholder involvement, critical thinking, problem analysis, and effective communication in various situations. Furthermore, such training can help YWPs develop their vision and capacity for more effective planning, design, implementation, and management of water projects and initiatives. As part of their training, YWPs need to develop their competencies, namely, problem‐solving, transdisciplinary and systemic thinking, and effective communication, through working on real‐world projects of selected clients. The next issue of World Water Policy Journal will be a Special Issue focusing on the work of YWPs involved in two initiatives in South Asia. Activities through the Australia–India Water Centre Program for capacity building for Indian YWPs in Sustainable Water Futures will be one of the initiatives presented.
Past, present, and future of water governance—a reflective walk on advances and failures since 1977
Authors: Neto Susana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere has been a plethora of world water conferences, workshops, and other initiatives over the last four decades. Initially, the focus was on localized water and environmental problems. As environmental issues began to cross borders and became more complex, a new phase of international initiatives emerged, which incorporated environmental objectives with other water related ones. More recently, a focus on international water initiatives has been on improving water governance and transboundary cooperation. The first United Nations conference specifically devoted to water was held in the city of Mar del Plata in Argentina (1977). The increased demand for water across the planet, the degrading anthropic actions, and the development models that exclude the more vulnerable communities, indicate the beginning of a crisis that should be addressed by an integrated water resources management approach. Thus, the Mar del Plata Action Plan was drawn up. Forty‐six years after, another high‐level UN Conference took place in New York. From 22 to 24 last March this year, governments, organizations, and stakeholders from all over the world got together under the major objective to not miss the opportunity to chart a path to water security for the future.