bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The dilemma of the split between theory and reality as experienced by primary health care professionals: a mixed methods study of evidence- based practice in a primary care context
Authors: Abelsson Tobias , Karlsson Ann-Kristin , Morténius Helena , Baigi Amir , Bergman Stefan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Previous research has focused mainly on Evidence-based Practice (EBP) within specific professions. Primary care depends upon good information flow across professional and structural boundaries to best care for the patients. The mapping of the pan-professional experiences and attitudes regarding EBP in publicly funded clinical practice is necessary to reach an understanding of EBP and its context of implementation. Thus, this study aimed to investigate healthcare professionals’ experiences and attitudes toward working according to EBP in primary care.
Methods: The study used a convergent mixed methods design divided into two strands: First consisting of a quantitative enquiry tool (Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale, EBPAS). The second is a set of qualitative interviews analysed using qualitative content analysis. Both strands included all employees with patient interaction in the studied county (n=625). Population included amongst others, doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, psychologists, and assistant nurses. Out of the original 625 health professionals included, 191 finished the first strand and 8 volunteered for the second strand (2 nurses, 2 physiotherapists, 1 psychiatrist and 3 doctors).
Results: The EBPAS value of 2.8 (max 4) indicated a generally positive attitude towards EBP amongst the population. This attitude could be seen also in interviews, with the addition of experiences of not having the ability or resources to engage in EBP. This was illustrated by the result from the qualitative content analysis resulting theme: “Dilemma of the split between theory and reality”.
Conclusions: Although the general attitude towards EBP is good, experiences of practising it differ. There is a need to increase knowledge of concepts, requirements, and execution of EBP. There were few or non-existent incentives towards educational or research development on an individual level due to the organizational and managerial focus on production rather than quality of care. The absence of opportunities to do research and collegial debate about new ways of finding and implementing research-based evidence results might influence the quality of care.
Incipient carbonate melting drives metal and sulfur mobilization in the mantle
Authors: Ezad Isra , Saunders Martin , Scheka Syatoslav , Fiorentini Marco , Gorojovsky Lauren , Foerster Michael , Foley Stephen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We present results from high-pressure, high-temperature experiments that generate incipient carbonate melts at mantle conditions (~ 90 km depth and temperatures between 900–1050°C). We show that these primitive carbonate melts can sequester sulfur in its oxidized form of sulfate, as well as base and precious metals from mantle lithologies of peridotite and pyroxenite. It is proposed that these carbonate-sulfur-rich melts may be more widespread than previously thought, and that they may play a first order role in the metallogenic enhancement of localized lithospheric domains. They act as effective agents to dissolve, redistribute and concentrate metals within discrete domains of the mantle and into shallower regions within the Earth, where dynamic physico-chemical processes can lead to ore genesis at various crustal depths. Green metals could be transported and concentrated into ores by their interaction with low temperature carbonate rich melts.
Effect of an entry-to-care intervention on diabetes distress in individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: A study protocol for a cluster-randomized trial.
Authors: Hansen Steffan Holst , Jensen Troels Mygind , Petersen Gitte Stentebjerg , Pouwer Francois , Sonderlund' Anders Larrabee , Søndergaard Jens 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Diabetes distress (DD) affects at least 36% of T2DM patients and is often associated with insufficient support and care. This study examines an intervention that targets DD through enhanced cross-sectoral collaboration and treatment during the first three months following diagnosis. The intervention aims to improve care, self-management, and to reduce DD.
Methods & Intervention
The study is designed as a cluster-randomized trial with the intervention focusing on four key elements of diabetes care: effective cross-sectoral communication and information sharing, systematic care, a "one-stop-shop" health screening and start-up conversation at the municipality, and improving patient insights into own care.
This study requires 32 clusters (16/arm) to achieve 80% power and a 5% significance cut-off, with 270 patients required. GP recruitment occurred from May-Dec 2022. Patient recruitment is ongoing from May 2022 to Aug 2023. GPs were randomized 1:1 using computer-generated blocks of six.
Participating GPs are located in Southern Denmark and are not participating in other trials. Patients must be 18+ years of age, have a T2DM diagnosis, and be fluent in spoken and written Danish. DD is the primary outcome and will be measured at baseline, at four months, and again at 12-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes include quality of care, self-management, quality of life, and clinical factors. Tertiary outcomes comprise depression, stress, resilience, sleep quality, and social network quality.
Conclusion
This study is among the first clinical trials exploring the development of DD from diagnosis to 12 months post-diagnosis. Many previous interventions did not directly target DD as the primary outcome. This research provides new insights into DD progression in patients newly diagnosed T2DM and examines an intervention designed to lower DD in early diabetes stages, contributing to a better understanding of the development of DD how this intervention affects patient well-being.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT05571306. Registered 07 October 2022, https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05571306
Nodal superconductivity in miassite Rh17S15
Authors: Prozorov Ruslan , Kim Hyunsoo , Tanatar Makariy , Konczykowski Marcin , Kaluarachchi Udhara , Cho Kyuil , Sapkota Aashish , Wilde John , Krogstad Matthew , Bud'ko Sergey , Brydon Philip , Canfield Paul , Teknowijoyo Serafim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Unconventional superconductivity has long been believed to arise from a lab-grown correlated electronic system. Here we report compelling evidence of unconventional nodal superconductivity in a mineral superconductor Rh17S15. We investigated the temperature-dependent London penetration depth Δλ(T) and disorder evolution of the critical temperature Tc and upper critical field Hc2(T) in synthetic miassite Rh17S15. We found a power-law behavior of Tn with n≈1.1 at low temperatures below 0.3Tc (Tc = 5.4 K), which is consistent with the presence of lines of the node in the superconducting gap of Rh17S15. The nodal character of the superconducting state in Rh17S15 was supported by the observed pairbreaking effect in Tc and Hc2(T) in samples with the controlled disorder that was introduced by low-temperature electron irradiation. We propose a nodal sign-changing superconducting gap in the A1g irreducible representation, which preserves the cubic symmetry of the crystal and is in excellent agreement with the superfluid density, λ2(0)/λ2(T).
Eco-friendly Orange Peel Extract as Corrosion Resistant for Carbon Steel's Deterioration in Petroleum Formation Water
Authors: Elazabawy Olfat E. , Attia Enass M. , Shawky N. H. , Hyba Amira M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The ongoing research aims to examine the influence of orange peel extract "OPE" as environmentally benign carbon steel's corrosion resistance in the formation water "FW". The research was implemented at various concentrations "0.5-2.5 percent (v/v)" of peel extract "100-500 ppm" at ambient temperature [25oC] as well as "2.5 percent (v/v)" concentration at (25-55oC) temperature range utilizing various technique. Such techniques include weight loss quantification, potentiodynamic polarization as well as open circuit potential in addition to dielectric spectroscopy [EIS]. The efficiency of inhibition has been estimated utilizing those techniques and then checked with energy dispersive radiation "EDS" in addition to FTIR analyses. The upshot divulged that OPE worked on as an efficient C-steel's corrosion inhibitor through adsorbing its active component on the C-steel's surface. The approach of adsorption was of physical type and it obeys Langmuir isotherm.
Environmental Risk Factors and Plasma Concentration of Lead and Copper in Colorectal Cancer Patients in Alexandria, Egypt: A case-control study
Authors: Mohamed Soha Said , Moustafa Mohamed Farouk , Abdou Mamdouh Hanafy , Hussien Fakhry 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:Colorectal canceris the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women. It is thought to result from a complex interaction between several genetic and environmental factors. Recognizing these factors that trigger the disease occurrence and progression is essential to apply more effective measures of prevention and risk reduction.Objectives:The main objectives of this study were to compare the plasma levels of lead and copper in colorectal cancer between patients and healthy subjects and to estimate the relation between the exposure to some environmental risk factors and colorectal cancer.Methods:A case-control study was performed at the clinical oncology department clinic of Alexandria Main University Hospital. The study sample consisted of 25 colorectal cancer patients, and 25 healthy controls, who matched the cases on age and sex. Data about possible environmental risk factors were collected by a pre-designed structured interviewing questionnaire. Levels of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) of all participants were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.Results:Higher levels of Pb and Cu were detected in colorectal cancer patients compared to healthy subjects, these findings were statistically significant (p<0.05). The multivariate stepwise logistic regression model revealed that four factors had significant association with colorectal cancer, the first rank was Living nearby solid waste collecting sites, followed by exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), then plasma Lead level (>0.164 mg /L), and lastly living in house with old oily painting(OR = 83.25, 95% CI = 1.28-5419.13; OR = 32.20, 95% CI = 1.53-678.07; OR = 31.06, 95% CI = 1.55-622.59; OR = 9.35, 95% CI = 1.02-85.79, respectively).Conclusion:There was a significant difference in the plasma levels of Pb and Cu between colorectal cancer patients and healthy subjects. This may be due to prolonged exposure to environmental pollutants. Chronic exposure to environmental pollutants may have important role in the pathogenesis of the colorectal cancer. However, further studies are needed to enhance our understanding of this relationship between heavy metals and their role in cancer progression.
Verbal Lie Detection using Large Language Models
Authors: Loconte Riccardo , Russo Roberto , Capuozzo Pasquale , Pietrini Pietro , Sartori Giuseppe 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Given that human accuracy in detecting deception has been proven to not go above the chance level, several automatized verbal lie detection techniques employing Machine Learning and Transformer models have been developed to reach higher levels of accuracy. This study is the first to explore the performance of a Large Language Model, FLAN-T5 (small and base sizes), in a lie-detection classification task in three English-language datasets encompassing personal opinions, autobiographical memories, and future intentions. After performing stylometric analysis to describe linguistic differences in the three datasets, we tested the small- and base-sized FLAN-T5 in three Scenarios using 10-fold cross-validation: one with train and test set coming from the same single dataset, one with train set coming from two datasets and the test set coming from the third remaining dataset, one with train and test set coming from all the three datasets. We reached state-of-the-art results in Scenarios 1 and 3, outperforming previous benchmarks. The results revealed also that model performance depended on model size, with larger models exhibiting higher performance.Furthermore, stylometric analysis was performed to carry out explainability analysis, finding that linguistic features associated with the Cognitive Load framework may influence the model’s predictions.
Furthermore, stylometric analysis was performed to carry out explainability analysis, finding that linguistic features associated with the Cognitive Load framework may influence the model’s predictions.
Influence of fluoride addition as a filler in a based zinc ethyl silicate shop primer on FCAW welds produced over coated plates
Authors: de Rezende Leonardo Schiavo , Verde Lorena Arco , Vaz Cláudio Turani 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Structural steels that require coating with pre-construction paints to avoid corrosion are utilized in important industrial segments. These paints, known as primers, act as corrosion inhibitors; however, they can have a detrimental impact on welding performance and compromise the quality of welds. In order to overcome these challenges, new alternatives need to be developed to achieve welds that are, at the very least, equivalent to those obtained on uncoated plates. To this end, this work aim at promoting the production of welds on plates coated with primer and varying concentrations of fluoride added to the base formulation, by means of 1.2mm diameter tubular wire classified as E71T1-C1A2-CS2 with CO2 gas protection. In a comparative analysis, the influence of non-filler primer and primer with 7.5% and 15% by mass of lithium fluoride was examined. It was found that the primer inhibits the adhesion of welding spatter on the plates, affecting the weld morphology and resulting in wider and deeper weld beads. On the other hand, the presence of fluoride tends to reduce the weld width, although it does not appear to affect penetration. It was also observed that the primer does not influence the weld microstructure, as opposed to welds with no primer. The incorporation of fluoride filler increases the volumetric fraction of acicular ferrite and aligned second-phase ferrite, while simultaneously reducing the fractions of primary ferrite at the grain boundary and of intragranular ferrite. Lastly, the electrical signals recorded during welding show that the primer increases the average welding voltage, and the presence of fluoride tends to mitigate this effect. On the other hand, the average current tends to decrease in the presence of the primer, and the addition of fluoride exacerbates the trend. As a consequence, samples with fluoride filler exhibit lower thermal inputs compared to the other samples. Furthermore, the presence of the primer leads to an increased frequency of voltage peaks, indicating alterations in the metal transfer process.
Predictive effect of the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) on the efficacy and prognosis of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Ding Yuanyi , Liu Zining , Li Jing , Niu Wenbo , Li Chenhui , Yu Bin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Inflammation is a part of tumors, in which inflammatory cells can affect the proliferation, invasion, and development of tumor cells. More and more An increasing number of peripheral blood inflammatory markers have been found to play very important roles in the treatment and prognosis of cancer patients. The systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) is a newer inflammatory marker, and its role in colorectal cancer, especially in locally advanced rectal cancer, is still unclear.
Methods
From 2015 to 2020, 198 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) who underwent surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (Neo-CRT) were analyzed. Patients were categorized into good and poor response groups according to their pathological results, and clinical characteristics and baseline parameters were compared between the two groups. The optimal cutoff values of inflammatory indicators were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed using the Cox proportional hazard model. Survival analysis was calculated by the Kaplan‒Meier method.
Result
After the patients were grouped by good and poor responses, it was found that there were differences among the four indicators of CEA, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and SIRI. In the ROC analysis, the NLR (P = 0.015), SII (P = 0.001), and SIRI (P = 0.029) were found to be significant prognostic factors. After univariate and multivariate analyses of the Cox proportional hazards regression model, only SIRI was found to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Finally, the Kaplan‒Meier survival curve also confirmed the predictive effect of SIRI on survival.
Conclusion
Preoperative SIRI can predict the response to Neo-CRT in patients with LARC and is an independent predictor of OS and DFS in postoperative patients. High SIRI was associated with poor radiotherapy response and predicted poor OS and DFS.
A review and content analysis of hemophilia applications: Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) Approach
Authors: Esmaeeli Erfan , Ataee Elham , Sajjadi Hasan , Mohammadzadeh Niloofar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Mobile health technology has the potential to break down conventional boundaries in the healthcare industry by providing healthcare in any environment, reducing distance, time, and cost, and bringing comfort and peace to patients. Despite the increasing availability of mobile health applications for hemophilia management, no study has yet used a valid tool to evaluate these applications. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and content of hemophilia-related mobile applications using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) scale.
Methods
In March 2023, two app stores, namely, the Apple App Store (iOS) and Google Play (Android), were searched for applications related to hemophilia self-care. Based on MeSH terms, the search keywords used included "hemophilia", "haemophilia", "hemophilia A", and "hemophilia B". The inclusion criteria included applications developed for hemophilia sufferers, being related to hemophilia, being in the English language, being free, and being available in the mentioned app stores. After determining the final number of applications based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, they were independently reviewed, rated, and evaluated by three reviewers using the MARS tools.
Results
A total of 69 applications were initially found, with 30 from Google Play and 39 from the Apple App Store. Following the exclusion process, seven selected applications were downloaded and analyzed. Based on their contents and interactive capabilities, all applications were divided into three groups. In the domains of engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information, and app subjective quality, MicroHealth Hemophilia and Robust Health (5 out of 5), my WAPPS and HaemActive and MicroHealth Hemophilia and Robust Health (4.75 out of 5), Robust Health (5 out of 5), my WAPPS (4.28 out of 5), and my WAPPS (5 out of 5) applications received the highest points, respectively.
Conclusions
This study compiled a list of seven mobile applications intended to improve access to hemophilia-related information, patient care management, teleconsultation, and self-assessment. The findings indicate that very few applications meet the prespecified criteria for quality, content, or functionality. This highlights the need for further refinement and mapping to evidence-based guidelines, as well as overall quality improvement in hemophilia symptom monitoring and self-care-related applications.
LanDis: The Disease Landscape Explorer
Authors: Paccanaro Alberto , Caniza Horacio , Cáceres Juan , Torres Mateo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
From a network medicine perspective, a disease is the consequence of perturbations on the interactome. These perturbations tend to appear in a specific neighbourhood on the interactome, the disease module, and modules related to phenotypically similar diseases tend to be located in close-by regions.
We present LanDis, a freely available web-based interactive tool (paccanarolab.org/landis) that allows domain experts, medical doctors and the larger scientific community to graphically navigate the interactome distances between the modules of over 44 million pairs of heritable diseases. The map-like interface provides detailed comparisons between pairs of diseases together with supporting evidence. Every disease in LanDis is linked to relevant entries in OMIM and UniProt, providing a starting point for in-depth analysis and an opportunity for novel insight into the aetiology of diseases as well as differential diagnosis.
HNL Dimer in plasma is a unique and useful biomarker for the monitoring of antibiotic treatment in sepsis
Authors: Venge Per , Peterson Christer , Xu Shengyuan , Larsson Anders , Johansson Joakim , Tydén Jonas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Sepsis is a growing problem worldwide and associated with high mortality and morbidity. The early and accurate diagnosis and effective supportive therapy are critical for combating mortality. The aim of the study was to compare the kinetics of four biomarkers in plasma in patients admitted to ICU including sepsis and during antibiotics treatment. Methods The biomarkers evaluated were HBP (Heparin-binding protein), HNL Dimer (Human Neutrophil Lipocalin), HNL Total and PCT (Procalcitonin). Plasma was obtained at admission to ICU and during follow-up at days 2 and 3. Antibiotic treatment was started or reviewed on admission to ICU. The results were compared to SOFA and KDIGO-scores and to survival. 277 patients admitted to ICU were included of which 30% had sepsis. The other groups were categorized as miscellaneous, other medical and trauma. Results The plasma concentrations of all four biomarkers were highly elevated with the highest concentrations in sepsis patients. During the follow-up period HNL Dimer decreased already day 2 and further so day 3 (p < 0.00001) in contrast to unchanged concentrations of the other three biomarkers. HNL Total showed the strongest relationships to the clinical scores (p < 0.0001) and was by multiples regression analysis independently related to these scores. Conclusion The neutrophil specific biomarker HNL Dimer seems to be a superior means to monitor the response to antibiotic treatment in ICU patients and confirms earlier findings of a rapid decline after adequate antibiotic treatment in sepsis. HNL Total reflects epithelial cell activity in the body and is an interesting biomarker for the management of organ failure in such patients.