bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring during the Treatment of Cervical Myelopathy
Authors: Gamblin Austin S. , Awad Al-Wala , Karsy Michael , Guan Jian , Mazur Marcus D. , Bisson Erica F. , Bican Orhan , Dailey Andrew T. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective The accuracy of intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) during surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) to detect iatrogenic nervous system injuries while they are reversible remains unknown. We evaluated a cohort of patients who had IONM during surgery to assess accuracy.
Methods Patients who underwent surgical treatment of CSM that included IONM from January 2018 through August 2018 were retrospectively identified. A standardized protocol was used for operative management. Clinical changes and postoperative neurological deficits were evaluated.
Results Among 131 patients in whom IONM was used during their procedure, 42 patients (age 58.2 ± 16.3 years, 54.8% males) showed IONM changes and 89 patients had no change. The reasons for IONM changes varied, and some patients had changes detected via multiple modalities: electromyography (n = 25, 59.5%), somatosensory-evoked potentials (n = 14, 33.3%), motor evoked potentials (n = 13, 31.0%). Three patients, all having baseline deficits before surgery, had postoperative deficits. Among the 89 patients without an IONM change, 4 showed worsened postoperative deficits, which were also seen at last follow-up. The sensitivity of IONM for predicting postoperative neurological change was 42.86% and the specificity was 68.55%. However, most patients (124, 94.7%) in whom IONM was used showed no worsened neurological deficit.
Conclusion IONM shows potential in ensuring stable postoperative neurological outcomes in most patients; however, its clinical use and supportive guidelines remain controversial. In our series, prediction of neurological deficits was poor in contrast to some previous studies. Further refinement of clinical and electrophysiological variables is needed to uniformly predict postoperative neurological outcomes.
Stretchable and self-healable conductive hydrogel-based multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator for energy harvesting and dance motion sensing
Authors: Qin Pin 
Published: March 2023

Hydrogels with the integrated characteristics of adhesion, self-healing, deformability, and conductivity hold enormous potential for the design of next-generation flexible human body posture sensor and energy device. Here, we proposed a double-network hybrid polyacrylamide/poly(acrylic acid)/MXene/PEDOT:PET (PPMP) hydrogel with excellent flexibility, self-healing capabilities, and stability. Furthermore, the proposed PPMP conductive hydrogel with MXene/PDMS encapsulation layer can play the role of a wearable strain sensor that can be used to detect various dance movement postures, including those of facial expressions, blinking, and elbow joints. Additionally, the proposed PPMP hydrogel with MXene/PDMS encapsulation layer can function as a flexible and stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator (FS-TENG) to harvest human motion energy. The FS-TENG can obtain an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 169.2 V and a short-circuit current (Isc) of 9.6 µA. Moreover, the electric energy generated by these FS-TENGs can be used to drive hygrothermographs. This research offers a feasible strategy to design self-powered strain sensors for use in dance posture monitoring and energy harvesting in human motion.
Li(C2N3) as eutectic forming modifier in the melting process of the molecular perovskite [(C3H7)3N(C4H9)]Mn(C2N3)3±
Authors: Kronawitter Silva M. , Hallweger Sebastian A. , Meyer Jan , Pedri Carmen , Burger Stefan , Alhadid Ahmad , Henke Sebastian , Kieslich Gregor 
Published: March 2023

Coordination polymer (CP) glasses have recently emerged as a new glass state. Given the young state of the field, the discovery of concepts that guide the synthesis of CP glasses with targeted thermal and macroscopic properties is at the center of ongoing research. In our work, we draw inspiration from research on inorganic glasses, investigating the impact of Li(C2N3) as a modifier on the thermal properties of the new molecular perovskite [(C3H7)3N(C4H9)]Mn(C2N3)3 (with [C2N3]− = dicyanamide, DCA). We derive the phase diagram and show that Li(C2N3) and [(C3H7)3N(C4H9)]Mn(C2N3)3 form a eutectic mixture, in which the melting temperature is decreased by 30 K. Additionally, for the eutectic mixture at xLiDCA ≈ 0.4, a CP glass forms under slow cooling, opening interesting pathways for scalable synthesis routes of CP glasses. Given the virtually unlimited parameter space of hybrid modifiers, they will play a major role in the future to alter the glass’ properties where the availability of rigorously derived phase diagrams will be important to identify material class overarching trends.
A contrastive look at Theme as point of departure in English and Spanish academic writing
Authors: Arús-Hita Jorge 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper offers a detailed study of Theme as point of departure in English and Spanish academic texts. A corpus
of around 45,000 words is examined from different perspectives to compare the realizations, functions and interplays of the point
of departure in these two languages. Examples reveal crosslinguistic contrasts in terms of (a) the preferred realizations of
thematic elements, (b) the strategies to maintain participant identity and present new participants and (c) the resources used to
construe texture. We will see that whereas English favours thematic non-pronominal noun groups, Spanish combines these with other
realizations. Additionally, the different syntactic characteristics of each language have a reflection on different ways of
signalling semantic continuity and on textual development in general. The findings presented in this paper should make a
significant contribution to the existing literature on Theme, as well as on academic writing and contrastive typological
research.
Narrative discourse in TED Talks
Authors: Wingrove Peter 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article investigates the extent to which TED talks can be considered a narrative register. This study
analyses ‘narrative versus non-narrative discourse’ (Biber 1988) in a corpus of TED
talks (n = 2483). TED talks were found to be typically non-narrative (−2.47 mean). However, there was a great
degree of variation, with approximately 10% of talks (n = 257) classified as narrative. When TED talks were
compared to registers in prior studies they were close to academic prose and presented a similar pattern in terms of disciplinary
variation, with ‘soft’ disciplines closer to narratives. When textual data was examined, the average TED talk was found to weave
narrative and descriptive elements, but were found to be more descriptive overall.
Tuning the magnetoresistance properties of phosphorene with periodic magnetic modulation
Authors: Oubram O , Sadoqi M , Cisneros-Villalobos L , Rodríguez-Vargas I 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Periodic superlattices constitute ideal structures to modulate the transport properties of two-dimensional materials. In this paper, we show that the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) in phosphorene can be tuned effectively through periodic magnetic modulation. Deltaic magnetic barriers are arranged periodically along the phosphorene armchair direction in parallel (PM) and anti-parallel magnetization (AM) fashion. The theoretical treatment is based on a low-energy effective Hamiltonian, the transfer matrix method and the Landauer–Büttiker formalism. We find that the periodic modulation gives rise to oscillating transport characteristics for both PM and AM configurations. More importantly, by adjusting the electrostatic potential appropriately we find Fermi energy regions for which the AM conductance is reduced significantly while the PM conductance keeps considerable values, resulting in an effective TMR that increases with the magnetic field strength. These findings could be useful in the design of magnetoresistive devices based on magnetic phosphorene superlattices.
Ground and excited states of even-numbered Hubbard ring at half-filling: comparison of the extended Gutzwiller approach with exact diagonalization
Authors: Fang Yimei , Zhang Feng , Ye Zhuo , Zhang Han , Lu Wen-Cai , Wu Shunqing , Yao Yong-Xin , Wang Cai-Zhuang , Ho Kai-Ming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
It remains a great challenge in condensed matter physics to develop a method to treat strongly correlated many-body systems with balanced accuracy and efficiency. We introduce an extended Gutzwiller (EG) method incorporating a manifold technique, which builds an effective manifold of the many-body Hilbert space, to describe the ground-state (GS) and excited-state (ES) properties of strongly correlated electrons. We systematically apply an EG projector onto the GS and ES of a non-interacting system. Diagonalization of the true Hamiltonian within the manifold formed by the resulting EG wavefunctions gives the approximate GS and ES of the correlated system. To validate this technique, we implement it on even-numbered fermionic Hubbard rings at half-filling with periodic boundary conditions, and compare the results with the exact diagonalization (ED) method. The EG method is capable of generating high-quality GS and low-lying ES wavefunctions, as evidenced by the high overlaps of wavefunctions between the EG and ED methods. Favorable comparisons are also achieved for other quantities including the total energy, the double occupancy, the total spin and the staggered magnetization. With the capability of accessing the ESs, the EG method can capture the essential features of the one-electron removal spectral function that contains contributions from states deep in the excited spectrum. Finally, we provide an outlook on the application of this method on large extended systems.
The development and characterization of an all-purpose bolus for radiotherapy
Authors: Nakamura Kenji , Monzen Hajime , Kubo Kazuki , Kosaka Hiroyuki , Ito Takaaki , Sakai Yusuke , Yanagi Yuya , Nishimura Yasumasa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective. The purpose of this study was to develop a new bolus (HM bolus), with tissue equivalence, transparency, reusability, and free shaping at approximately 40 °C for excellent adhesion, and to evaluate the feasibility of clinically using this bolus as an ideal bolus. Approach. We summarized the advantages and disadvantages of existing boluses. To evaluate dose characteristics, a vinyl gel sheet bolus (Gel bolus) and HM bolus placed on a water-equivalent phantom were used to obtain the percentage depth dose (PDD) of electron (6 MeV, 9 MeV) and photon (4 MV, 6 MV) beams. The average dose difference of the HM bolus and Gel bolus was calculated. The Gel bolus, a soft rubber bolus (SR bolus), and HM bolus were placed in adherence to a pelvic phantom. CT images taken after shaping and 1, 2, and 3 weeks after shaping were used to evaluate the adhesion and reproducibility using air gap and dice similarity coefficient (DSC). Main results. The average dose difference for electron beams was 0.16% ± 0.79% and photon beams was 0.06% ± 0.34%, both within 1% of the PDD results. The HM bolus showed the same build-up effect and dose characteristics as the Gel bolus. The mean air gap values for the Gel bolus, SR bolus, and HM bolus were 96.02 ± 43.77 cm3, 34.93 ± 21.44 cm3, and 4.40 ± 1.50 cm3, respectively. The mean DSC values compared to initial images for the Gel bolus, SR bolus, and HM bolus were 0.363 ± 0.035, 0.556 ± 0.042, and 0.837 ± 0.018, respectively. Excellent adhesion was observed in the CT simulation and during the treatment period. Significance. The HM bolus has unique features, such as tissue equivalence, transparency, reusability, and free shaping for excellent adhesion, and is thus an ideal bolus for use in clinical cases.
Molecular dynamics models of tapping mode atomic force microscopy
Authors: Sun Baishun , Huo Xuyang , Tian LiGuo , Wang Jiajia , Song Zhengxun , Wang Zuobin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Macro-mechanical simulation software cannot easily simulate the atomic resolution of the tapping mode atomic force microscope (TM-AFM), so the accuracy of the corresponding mechanical model is questioned. In this paper, a TM-AFM simulation model is established using classical molecular dynamics (MD). The model simulated the tapping of gold (Au) and aluminum (Al) by probes with various amplitudes. The simulation yielded the z-direction force curves, trajectory curves and indentation curves of the probe. The amplitude change and the phase shift of the probe at various amplitudes were calculated from the direct measurement results. A contact jump and detachment jump become evident and are significant to energy and force results. The recovery ability of Al after indenting is smaller than that of Au. The energy calculations can be fitted to a high goodness of fit, reaching 0.99 and better; hence, the amplitude and phase shift variations of the probe can be used to fit the stored and dissipated energies, the sample energies when the sample is tapped. In this way, the TM-AFM is able to calculate the mechanical properties of the sample, and thus characterize the sample.
Dark matter-electron interactions in materials beyond the dark photon model
Authors: Catena Riccardo , Cole Daniel , Emken Timon , Matas Marek , Spaldin Nicola , Tarantino Walter , Urdshals Einar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The search for sub-GeV dark matter (DM) particles via electronic transitions in underground detectors attracted much theoretical and experimental interest in the past few years. A still open question in this field is whether experimental results can in general be interpreted in a framework where the response of detector materials to an external DM probe is described by a single ionisation or crystal form factor, as expected for the so-called dark photon model. Here, ionisation and crystal form factors are examples of material response functions: interaction-specific integrals of the initial and final state electron wave functions. In this work, we address this question through a systematic classification of the material response functions induced by a wide range of models for spin-0, spin-1/2 and spin-1 DM. We find several examples for which an accurate description of the electronic transition rate at DM direct detection experiments requires material response functions that go beyond those expected for the dark photon model. This concretely illustrates the limitations of a framework that is entirely based on the standard ionisation and crystal form factors, and points towards the need for the general response-function-based formalism we pushed forward recently [1,2]. For the models that require non-standard atomic and crystal response functions, we use the response functions of [1,2] to calculate the DM-induced electronic transition rate in atomic and crystal detectors, and to present 90% confidence level exclusion limits on the strength of the DM-electron interaction from the null results reported by XENON10, XENON1T, EDELWEISS and SENSEI.
Dynamics of supercooled liquids from static averaged quantities using machine learning
Authors: Ciarella Simone , Chiappini Massimiliano , Boattini Emanuele , Dijkstra Marjolein , Janssen Liesbeth M C 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We introduce a machine-learning approach to predict the complex non-Markovian dynamics of supercooled liquids from static averaged quantities. Compared to techniques based on particle propensity, our method is built upon a theoretical framework that uses as input and output system-averaged quantities, thus being easier to apply in an experimental context where particle resolved information is not available. In this work, we train a deep neural network to predict the self intermediate scattering function of binary mixtures using their static structure factor as input. While its performance is excellent for the temperature range of the training data, the model also retains some transferability in making decent predictions at temperatures lower than the ones it was trained for, or when we use it for similar systems. We also develop an evolutionary strategy that is able to construct a realistic memory function underlying the observed non-Markovian dynamics. This method lets us conclude that the memory function of supercooled liquids can be effectively parameterized as the sum of two stretched exponentials, which physically corresponds to two dominant relaxation modes.
Sculpting a teaching and learning curriculum to better meet the career needs of postgraduate year 1 and 2 pharmacy residents
Authors: Chang Eugenie , Johnson Peter N , Medina Melissa S , Dennis Vincent C , Neely Stephen B , Miller Jamie L 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To describe implementation of the University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy (OUCOP) teaching and learning curriculum (TLC) for postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) and postgraduate year 2 (PGY2) residents, including the required components, evaluation structure, residency graduate outcomes and perceptions captured by a survey following program completion, generalizability to other institutions, and opportunities for future directions.

Summary
As part of their residency training, pharmacy residents are required to develop and refine teaching, precepting, and presentation skills. To meet the required and elective competency areas, goals, and objectives on teaching, precepting, and presentation skills, many American Society of Health-System Pharmacists–accredited residency programs have utilized TLC programs. OUCOP offers 2 distinct TLC programs for PGY1 and PGY2 residents, respectively.

Conclusion
The OUCOP TLC program provided residents with opportunities for development of teaching and presentation skills in a variety of settings. The majority of residency graduates currently practice as a clinical specialist, and the majority lecture, precept, and deliver continuing education presentations. Graduates felt that the mentorship and diversity of teaching activities were the most beneficial qualities of the program. In addition, the majority noted that mentorship in lecture preparation was helpful in creating presentations after graduation. On the basis of the feedback from the survey, several changes have been made to better prepare residents for their postgraduate careers. TLC programs should conduct ongoing assessments to continue to foster the development of precepting and teaching skills for residents’ future careers.
Medication dosing in adult patients with reduced lean body mass and kidney injury: A focus on cystatin C
Authors: Erstad Brian L , Nix David E 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Creatinine-based estimates of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) have been the standard for classifying kidney function and guiding drug dosing for over 5 decades. There have been many efforts to compare and improve different methods to estimate GFR. The National Kidney Foundation recently updated the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations without race for creatinine (CKD-EPIcr_R) and creatinine and cystatin C (CKD-EPIcr-cys_R), and the 2012 CKD-EPI equation based on cystatin C (CKD-EPIcys) remains. The focus of this review is to highlight the importance of muscle atrophy as a cause for overestimation of GFR when using creatinine-based methods.

Summary
Patients with liver disease, protein malnutrition, inactivity, denervation, or extensive weight loss may exhibit markedly lower creatinine excretion and serum creatinine concentration, leading to overestimation of GFR or creatinine clearance when using the Cockcroft-Gault equation or CKD-EPIcr (deindexed). In some cases, estimated GFR appears to exceed the physiological normal range (eg, &gt;150 mL/min/1.73 m2). Use of cystatin C is recommended when low muscle mass is suspected. One would expect discordance between the estimates such that CKD-EPIcys &lt; CKD-EPIcr-cys &lt; CKD-EPIcr ≈ Cockcroft-Gault creatinine clearance. Clinical evaluation can then occur to determine which estimate is likely accurate and should be used for drug dosing.

Conclusion
In the setting of significant muscle atrophy and stable serum creatinine levels, use of cystatin C is recommended, and the resulting estimate can be used to calibrate interpretation of future serum creatinine measurements.
Self-Reported Breast Implant Illness: The Contribution of Systemic Illnesses and Other Factors to Patient Symptoms
Authors: Bresnick Stephen D 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Patients with self-reported breast implant illness (BII) report a range of systemic symptoms which they attribute to having breast implants. The etiology of self-reported BII is unknown. Some patients have limited resolution of symptoms despite implant removal, and the mechanism of persistent symptoms is unclear. Notably, there are a number of prevalent, chronic systemic illnesses and other factors which present with the most common physical symptoms of self-reported BII. Fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, autoimmune disorders, and hypothyroidism often produce fatigue, joint and muscle pain, “brain fog,” anxiety or depression, and hair loss in affected patients who may or may not have breast implants. Other factors such as anxiety with or without depression, perimenopause, aging, cigarette smoking/marijuana use, and prominent side effects from common medications are known to produce similar symptoms as those reported by patients concerned with BII. The possibility that patients with breast implants have an undiagnosed, chronic illness unrelated to breast implants should be considered as well as other factors which may produce similar symptoms. Plastic surgeons should be aware of the range of illnesses and factors which can produce physical symptoms similar to those of patients with self-reported BII. For patients in which a systemic illness or other factor is felt to play a contributory role to self-reported BII symptoms, referral to an internist or rheumatologist for a thorough history and physical examination to rule out conditions may be prudent before explantation. This may reduce the need for explantation if the etiology of systemic symptoms is found to be unrelated to breast implants.

Level of Evidence: 3