bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with Diabetes Empowerment among patients with type 2 diabetes, at OPD setting, Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Khowaja Mohiba Ali , Rozi Shafquat , Sawani Sobiya , Ahmed Asma 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDiabetes Empowerment is important for diabetic control as it postpones the onset of complications. This study aimed to investigate the association of medication adherence, self-care behaviors, and diabetes knowledge with Diabetes Empowerment among patients with type II diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 451 type II diabetes patients attending Endocrinology clinics at OPD setting in Karachi. Data was collected electronically using a structured questionnaire comprising of tools to measure Diabetes Empowerment, medication adherence, self-care behaviors, diabetes knowledge, and socioeconomic scale. It also included health-related information from patients’ medical record. As outcome variable was continuous, so multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the independent effect of Diabetes Empowerment on medication adherence, self-care behaviors and diabetes knowledge with other co-variates. The mean Diabetes Empowerment score was 3.62 (SD = 0.31). The mean age of the participants was 56.68 (SD = 11.76). 53.88% were females, 80.71% were married, 77.56% were obese, and 66.30% were upper-middle class with average diabetes duration of 11.7 years (SD = 7.89). HbA1c values were ≥ 7 in 63.41% of study participants. Diabetes Empowerment was significantly associated with medication adherence (P = 0.001), general diet (P < 0.001), special diet (P = 0.011), smoking status (P = 0.001), and socioeconomic status (upper lower, P = 0.085). A comprehensive strategy for the treatment of type II diabetes is essential to enhance clinical results, improve patient quality of life, and prevent diabetes-related comorbidities. People with type II diabetes should be encouraged to embrace an empowerment-based approach by healthcare providers. It is critical to do research that promotes empowerment.
External beam radiotherapy inhibits stent related granulation hyperplasia in rabbit trachea
Authors: Zhou Zihe , Han Bin , Ren Kewei , Li Yahua , Wu Kunpeng , Wang Janan , Li Yifan , Li Zongming , Han Xinwei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEndobronchial stent exacerbates the formation of granulation tissue. Radiotherapy maybe a durable treatment option for granulation hyperplasia. In this study, we explore the results of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for granulation hyperplasia after airway stent placement. A total of 30 New Zealand rabbits were assigned in three groups, Control group (n = 12), low dosage (LD, 12 Gy in 4 fractions and twice a week) group (n = 9) and high dosage (HD, 20 Gy in 4 fractions and twice a week) group (n = 9). Post-stenting 1 week, LD and HD group started to receive EBRT. Bronchoscopy, Haematoxylin–eosin (HE), Masson’s trichrome (MTS), Safranin O (SO) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining protocols were performed to evaluate the histopathological changes of trachea. A total of 30 stents were successfully implanted in 30 rabbits. No procedure-related death and complications happened. Post-stenting 4 w, 8 w and 12 w, the ventilate area ratio (VAR) and qualitative histological scoring (QHS) in the LD group and HD group lower than the Control group. Post-stenting 12w, the immunohistochemical results revealed that the positive percentage of TGF-β and VEGF in the LD group and HD group were lower than the Control group. In conclusion, the present study investigated the efficacy of EBRT in reducing stent related granulation tissue formation in the rabbit trachea. Higher dosage EBRT with a better result in inhibiting granulation hyperplasia.
Ultra-low-velocity anomaly inside the Pacific Slab near the 410-km discontinuity
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Ferrand Thomas P. , Zhou Tong , Ritsema Jeroen , Stixrude Lars , Chen Min 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe upper boundary of the mantle transition zone, known as the “410-km discontinuity”, is attributed to the phase transformation of the mineral olivine (α) to wadsleyite (β olivine). Here we present observations of triplicated P-waves from dense seismic arrays that constrain the structure of the subducting Pacific slab near the 410-km discontinuity beneath the northern Sea of Japan. Our analysis of P-wave travel times and waveforms at periods as short as 2 s indicates the presence of an ultra-low-velocity layer within the cold slab, with a P-wave velocity that is at least ≈20% lower than in the ambient mantle and an apparent thickness of ≈20 km along the wave path. This ultra-low-velocity layer could contain unstable material (e.g., poirierite) with reduced grain size where diffusionless transformations are favored.
A combined fibre/free-space-optical communication system for long-haul wireline/wireless transmission at millimetre-wave/sub-THz frequencies
Authors: Lu Hai-Han , Li Chung-Yi , Huang Xu-Hong , Lin Cheng-Jun , Lin Ru-De , Lin Yu-Shen , Tang Yu-Sheng , Fan Wei-Cheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe demands of the technologies of the future such as autonomous vehicles, Internet of Things and mixed reality require communications platforms equipped to handle huge quantities of data. Higher frequency communication bands are attractive but have limitations in terms of data loss particularly during wireless transmission. Free-space optical (FSO) communication, which transmits optical signals through free-space by modulating laser light, is one option for better wireless signal delivery. Here we report a platform combining multiple transmission media of 40-km single-mode fibre, with 1.2-km FSO communication, and short range (0.5-2 m) radio-frequency wireless. We demonstrate sufficiently low bit error rates and error vector magnitudes at sub-terahertz frequencies, satisfying the requirement of 5 G new radio communications applications.
The influence of prior awareness on views about psychiatric electroceutical interventions among non-clinician stakeholders
Authors: Tyron J. M. , Bluhm R. , Achtyes E. D. , McCright A. M. , Cabrera L. Y. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPsychiatric electroceutical interventions (PEIs) are emerging interventions in the treatment of depression and other mood disorders. The uptake of PEIs is strongly influenced by public, caregiver, and patient views. This study examines the influence of prior awareness and of trust in the medico-scientific establishment with respect to non-clinicians’ views on PEI among a cohort of U.S. respondents. About 3098 U.S. caregivers, patients, and members of the general public completed an online survey with an embedded experiment to evaluate PEI views by stakeholder, modality, and disease severity. ANOVA statistical tests and logistic regression models were used to identify significant differences between groups and moderating factors. Overall, respondents had greater awareness of antidepressant medication (73–84%) and psychotherapy (68–76%) than of any PEI, and ECT garnered the most prior awareness (29–40%) within each group. Non-clinical respondents most often used websites or social media as information sources, and the least trusted sources included those with notable financial interests. Considering the low awareness level among non-clinicians, the implementation of programs to target and advance awareness levels about the use of PEIs in depression among this population may contribute to reducing negative views around these interventions. Fostering trust in the medico-scientific establishment may also increase public support for PEIs as well as uptake of these treatment modalities.
Semantic and Syntactic Properties of Words and the Receptive–Expressive Gap in Autistic and Non-Autistic Children
Authors: Artis Jonet , Arunachalam Sudha 
Published: May 2023

Purpose:
The goal of this work was to examine the semantic and syntactic properties of the vocabularies of autistic and non-autistic infants and toddlers to see if children in these two groups know different kinds of words. We focused on both receptive and expressive vocabularies. For expressive vocabulary, we looked only at the “active” lexicon: Of those words that are already in children's receptive vocabulary, we asked which ones they also produce.

Method:
We used an existing data set of 346 parent report vocabulary checklists (MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Words and Gestures) from 41 autistic and 27 non-autistic children at multiple timepoints between the ages of 6 and 43 months. We coded the words on the checklists for various semantic and syntactic properties and evaluated which properties predicted whether children understood and produced those words.

Results:
Overall, we replicated a common finding that autistic children have smaller receptive vocabularies than non-autistic children, but we found that of the words they understand, autistic children produce a similar proportion of those words as non-autistic children. While we found that some syntactic properties are more or less likely to be represented in children's early vocabularies (e.g., nouns are more likely to be understood and produced than words that are not nouns), these patterns did not differ across autistic and non-autistic children.

Conclusions:
The semantic and syntactic compositions of autistic and non-autistic children's vocabularies are similar. Thus, while receptive vocabularies are relatively smaller for autistic children, they do not appear to have specific difficulty with words that have particular syntactic or semantic properties, or with adding words to the expressive vocabulary that they already understand.
Glaubensvorgänge und Glaubensinhalte
Authors: Seitz Rüdiger J. 
Published: May 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGGlaubensvorgänge sind Ausdruck von Hirnfunktion, die der Entstehung von Glaubensinhalten zugrunde liegen. Glaubensvorgänge beruhen auf der Integration von Wahrnehmungs- und Bewertungsvorgängen und ermöglichen eine implizite Verhaltenssteuerung. Die Integration der Wahrnehmung von Objekten und Ereignissen in der Umgebung mit internen emotionalen Zuständen des Individuums führt zu primären Glaubensinhalten. Glaubensinhalte sind komplexe Repräsentationen von subjektiver Relevanz und spiegeln Wahrscheinlichkeiten wider. Sie werden im Gedächtnis gespeichert und beinhalten den Erfahrungshorizont von Individuen. Konzeptuelle Glaubensinhalte sind sprachabhängig und beruhen auf Narrativen, die durch Riten verstärkt werden können. Glaubensinhalte können zwischen Menschen kommuniziert werden und ermöglichen die Weitergabe von subjektiven Erfahrungen. In diesem Beitrag wird das Entstehen, die Modifikation und die pathologische Ausprägung von Glaubensinhalten beschrieben. Im Ausblick wird eine Perspektive auf die sozio-kulturelle Bedeutung von Glaubensvorgängen aufgezeigt.
Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des hermeneutisch-narrativen Ansatzes am Lebensende
Authors: Valdés-Stauber Juan 
Published: May 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer narrative Ansatz in der Medizin entlehnt aus der Literaturwissenschaft die Idee, dass eine Erzählung von Patienten, über Patienten oder mit Patienten eine kohärente Struktur aufweist, wie sie jeder wohlgeformten Erzählung innewohnt. Medizinische Erzählungen haben eine ordnende und womöglich sinnverleihende Funktion für das eigene Erleben im Daseinsmodus des Erkranktseins. Aus philosophischer Sicht kann dieser Ansatz bedeuten, dass Geschehnisse durch deren erzählerisches Verweben einen Sinn gewinnen könnten, wenn man annimmt, dass die menschliche Identität narrativer Natur und dadurch erzählerisch erfassbar ist oder dass im Einzelfall erst in der Dialektik zwischen der abstrakten philosophischen Argumentation und der erzählerischen Wahrheitsexploration eine Erhellung menschennaher Sachverhalte erreichbar ist.In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob ein psychotherapeutisch-narrativer Ansatz in der Behandlung und in der Begegnung mit Sterbenden grundsätzlich anzuwenden ist oder nicht vielmehr eine anthropologisch fundierte Haltung der beistehenden Schicksalssolidarität geboten ist, spätestens wenn eine verbale Kommunikation nicht mehr zustande kommen kann. Die Argumentation beginnt mit einer Standortbestimmung der Narrativität und deren Stellenwert in der Annäherung an die Phänomenologie des Sterbens, jedoch nicht als Selbstzweck, sondern als Grundlage für die Entwicklung von angemessenen Interventionen am Lebensende. Konsequenterweise müssten diese Interventionen auf einer Haltung basieren, die einerseits anthropologische Annahmen berücksichtigt andererseits von Schicksalssolidarität in der Linderung und in der Begleitung zeugt, nicht zuletzt von einer tröstenden Intention. Der Aufsatz schließt mit der Formulierung von 10 Thesen, die sich aus den davor ausgearbeiteten Kapiteln über Narrativität und deren Transfer in die Praxis ableiten lassen.
Erfassung direkter (COVID-19-bezogener) und kollateraler,
psychosozialer Folgen für vulnerable Gruppen am Beispiel schwerer
psychischer Erkrankungen
Authors: Ascone Leonie , Rohenkohl Anja Christine , Hurlemann René , Meisenzahl Eva , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Becker Thomas , Bajbouj Malek , von Lilienfeld-Toal Marie , Gallinat Jürgen , Lambert Martin 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie indirekten Pandemiefolgen könnten die direkten Auswirkungen von
SARS-CoV-2 in Bezug auf Kosten, Morbidität und Mortalität weit
übersteigen. Dieses Essay beinhaltet einen Methodenvorschlag (Matrix),
um virusbezogene und psychosoziale Risiken für verschiedene
Bevölkerungsgruppen auf systematische und übersichtliche Weise
nebeneinander sichtbar zu machen. COVID-19-bezogene und psychosoziale
Vulnerabilität, Stressoren, direkte sowie indirekte Folgen werden
Theorie- und evidenzbasiert hergeleitet und bestimmt. Eine exemplarische
Quantifizierung der Matrix für die vulnerable Gruppe von Menschen mit
schweren psychischen Erkrankungen ergab ein sehr hohes Risiko für
schwere COVID-19-Folgen, sowie ein ausgeprägtes Risiko für
psychosoziale Kollateraleffekte. Das vorgeschlagene Vorgehen könnte
für ein risikogestuftes Pandemiemanagement, die Krisenaufarbeitung, und
zukünftige Preparedness weiter diskutiert werden, um psychosoziale
Kollateraleffekte angemessen zu berücksichtigen und
diesbezüglich gefährdete Gruppen besser zu identifizieren und zu
schützen.
Noninvasive liver iron quantification by MRI using refocused gradient-echo (bSSFP): preliminary results
Authors: Wunderlich Arthur P. , Cario Holger , Götz Michael , Beer Meinrad , Schmidt Stefan Andreas 
Published: May 2023

Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of using a balanced steady-state free precession sequence (bSSFP) to determine liver iron content (LIC).
Method Thirty-five consecutive patients with liver iron overload were examined with bSSFP. Signal intensity ratios of liver parenchyma to paraspinal muscles were retrospectively correlated with LIC values obtained by FerriScan, which was used as the reference method. Combinations of bSSFP protocols were also evaluated. The best combination was utilized to calculate LIC from bSSFP data. The sensitivity and specificity for the therapeutically relevant LIC threshold of 80 µmol/g (4.5 mg/g) were determined.
Results LIC values ranged from 24 to 756 µmol/g. The best SIR-to-LIC correlation of a single protocol was obtained with a 3.5-ms repetition time (TR) and 17° excitation flip angle (FA). A combination of protocols with TRs of 3.5, 5, and 6.5 ms, each at 17° FA, yielded a superior correlation. LIC values calculated using this combination resulted in a sensitivity/specificity of 0.91/0.85.
Conclusion bSSFP is basically suitable to determine LIC. Its advantages are high SNR efficiency and the ability to acquire the entire liver in a breath hold without acceleration techniques.
Key Points:
Citation Format
The Evolution of the Reconstructive Strategy for Elbow Flexion for Acute C5, C6 Brachial Plexus Injuries over Two Decades
Authors: Lee Ying-Hsuan , Lu Johnny Chuieng-Yi , Wong Alvin , Chang Tommy Nai-Jen , Chuang David Chwei-Chin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Over the course of the past two decades, improved outcomes following brachial plexus reconstruction have been attributed to newer nerve transfer techniques. However, key factors aside from surgical techniques have brought improved consistency to elbow flexion techniques in the latter decade.
Methods One-hundred seventeen patients who underwent brachial plexus reconstruction from 1996 to 2006 were compared with 120 patients from 2007 to 2017. All patients were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively to assess the recovery time and of elbow flexion strength.
Results In the first decade, nerve reconstruction methods included proximal nerve grafting, intercostal nerve transfer, and Oberlin-I transfer. In the second decade, newer methods such as double fascicular transfer and ipsilateral C7 division transfer to the anterior division of upper trunk were introduced. About 78.6% of the first decade group versus 87.5% of the second decade group were able to reach M3 flexion strength (p = 0.04), with shorter time recovery to reach M3 in the 2nd decade. About 59.8% of the first decade group versus 65.0% of the second decade group were able to reach M4 (p = 0.28), but no significant difference in time of recovery. In both groups, the double fascicular nerve transfer had the highest impact when introduced in the second decade. More precise magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques helped to diagnose the level of injury, the roots involved and evaluate the health of the donor nerves in preparation for intraplexus transfer.
Conclusion In addition to modified techniques in nerve transfers, (1) MRI-assisted evaluation and surgical exploration of the roots with (2) more judicious choice of donor nerves for primary nerve transfer were factors that ensured reliable and outcomes in the second decade.
Treatment of Aneurysmal Bone Cyst with Endoscopic Resection and Bone Allograft with Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Case Report
Authors: Ferré-Aniorte Alfred , Alentorn-Geli Eduard , Cuscó Xavier , Barastegui David , Seijas Roberto , Álvarez-Díaz Pedro , Navarro Jordi , Laiz Patricia , Cugat Ramón 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a rare bone tumor usually observed in long bones. The surgical treatment of this pathology is often related to high recurrence rates, so novel biological techniques can help to enhance tissue regeneration and bone consolidation. We present a case of a patient with ABC of the calcaneus treated with an endoscopic resection followed by grafting with an autologous-based matrix composed of allograft bone chips and autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in semisolid and liquid states. Patient demonstrated excellent defect filling in both magnetic resonance imaging and radiologic exams and returned to pre-injury activity with no recurrence at 2 years follow-up. Endoscopic curettage together with allograft bone and autologous PRP is effective in treating ABC patients and could be a good adjuvant treatment to prevent reinjury and enhance consolidation.
Multilevel thermal memory cell based on cyclic temperature experiment under glassy phase of frustrated magnet
Authors: Bisht Gajendra Singh , Pal D 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We depict here that the value of the relaxed magnetization follows a unique path for each temperature below the phase transition temperature (

T

c

2

) for pristine

C

a
3

C

o
2

O
6

and its substituents. Here we propose a way to access these paths by cyclic thermal manipulations. Thus the magnetization corresponding to each temperature below

T

c

2

can be utilized in multilevel data storage that has a potential application in the thermal memory cell. Furthermore, these results were compared with another route used in the thermal memory cell and were proven more efficient and faster than the latter one.
Experimental investigations of liquid bridge rupture between a sphere and a spherical concave
Authors: Huang Congcong , Fan Zenghua , Wang Han , Li Jiyong , Wang Lefeng , Rong Weibin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The formation and rupture of liquid bridges between solid surfaces have widespread applications in micro gripping, self-alignment, and particles wetting. The axisymmetric liquid bridge rupture between a sphere and a spherical concave is systematically investigated in this study. Detailed analysis was conducted to examine the effects of the radius ratio, liquid bridge volume, and contact angles on the rupture distance and transfer ratio. When the radius ratio is smaller than 2, it exerts a substantial impact on the rupture distance and transfer ratio. The experimental studies support the effectiveness of the simulation modeling based on a minimal energy approach. Theoretical findings of the shooting method and simulated results exhibit great agreement. The maximum absolute errors for rupture distance and transfer ratio were 0.001 and 0.0175, respectively. The simulated and theoretical results are helpful to predict the rupture distance and transfer ratio.
The study of phase transition of MoS2 regulated by H+
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , Gu Chaoqun , Jiang Sisi , Sun Tong , Wang Zonghua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The mixed-phase MoS2 (1T/2H MoS2) with heterostructure exhibited high catalytic activity. The specific ratios of 1T/2H could exhibit optimal performance in various applications. Therefore, more methods need be developed for synthesizing 1T/2H mixed-phase MoS2. Herein, a viable route was studied for the phase transition of 1T/2H MoS2 regulated by H+. Briefly, the commercially available bulk MoS2 was used to obtain 1T/2H MoS2 via chemical intercalation of Li+. Then the residual Li+ around 1T/2H MoS2 was replaced by H+ in acidic electrolytes, owing to the extremely higher charge-to-volume ratio of H+. Thus, the thermodynamically unstable 1T phase lost the protection of residual Li+ and could be re-transforming into the relatively stable 2H phase. The change of the 2H/(2H+1T) ratio was measured using novel extinction spectroscopy, which provides a rapid identification method in comparison with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The experimental results revealed that the concentration of H+ influenced the phase transition velocity of MoS2. In particular, the phase transition from 1T to 2H phase in the H+ solution was faster at the beginning, and the higher the H+ concentration in an acidic solution, the faster the increase in 2H content. For an instant, the ratio of the 2H phase was increased by 7.08% in an acidic solution (CH
+ = 2.00 M) after 1 h, which was several times greater than the case in the distilled water. This finding provides a promising method to easily obtain different ratios of 1T/2H MoS2, which is beneficial for further development of catalytic performance especially in energy generation and storage.