bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of alerting signals on the spatial Stroop effect: evidence for modality differences
Authors: Kahan Todd A. , Smith Zachary P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReaction times and error rates to a target’s identity are impaired when the target is presented in a location that mismatches the response required, relative to situations where the location of the target and required response overlap (the Simon effect) and the same is true when the target's identity conveys spatial information (the spatial Stroop effect). Prior studies have found that visual versions of the spatial Stroop effect are magnified when alerting cues appear before the target and results are consistent with a dual-route framework where alerting cues boost automatic stimulus–response motor associations through the direct processing route. However, the influence of alerting signals on auditory versions of the spatial Stroop effect have not been tested and there are reasons to believe that the alerting–congruency interaction may differ across stimulus modality. In two experiments the effects of alerting cues on auditory (Experiment 1; N = 98) and visual (Experiment 2; N = 97) spatial Stroop effects are examined. Results show that alerting cues boost the spatial Stroop effect with visual stimuli but not auditory stimuli and a distributional analysis provides support for there being modality differences in the decay (or inhibition) of response-code activation. Implications for explanations of the alerting–congruence interaction are discussed.
Athletes treated for inguinal-related groin pain by endoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repair: long-term benefits of a prospective cohort
Authors: Meuzelaar R. R. , Visscher L. , den Hartog F. P. J. , Goedhart E. A. , Verleisdonk E. J. M. M. , Schiphorst A. H. W. , Burgmans J. P. J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Inguinal-related groin pain (IRGP) in athletes is a multifactorial condition, posing a therapeutic challenge. If conservative treatment fails, totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repair is effective in pain relief. Because there are only few long-term follow-up results available, this study was designed to evaluate effectiveness of TEP repair in IRGP-patients years after the initial procedure.

Methods
Patients enrolled in the original, prospective cohort study (TEP-ID-study) were subjected to two telephone questionnaires. The TEP-ID-study demonstrated favorable outcomes after TEP repair for IRGP-patients after a median follow-up of 19 months. The questionnaires in the current study assessed different aspects, including, but not limited to pain, recurrence, new groin-related symptoms and physical functioning measured by the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS). The primary outcome was pain during exercise on the numeric rating scale (NRS) at very long-term follow-up.

Results
Out of 32 male participants in the TEP-ID-study, 28 patients (88%) were available with a median follow-up of 83 months (range: 69–95). Seventy-five percent of athletes were pain free during exercise (p < 0.001). At 83 months follow-up, a median NRS of 0 was observed during exercise (IQR 0–2), which was significantly lower compared to earlier scores (p <0.01). Ten patients (36%) mentioned subjective recurrence of complaints, however, physical functioning improved on all HAGOS subscales (p <0.05).

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the safety and effectivity of TEP repair in a prospective cohort of IRGP-athletes, for whom conservative treatment had failed, with a follow-up period of over 80 months.
Parameterized complexity of multiwinner determination: more effort towards fixed-parameter tractability
Authors: Yang Yongjie , Wang Jianxin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study the parameterized complexity of winner determination problems for three prevalent k-committee selection rules, namely the minimax approval voting (MAV), the proportional approval voting (PAV), and the Chamberlin–Courant’s approval voting (CCAV). It is known that these problems are computationally hard. Although they have been studied from the parameterized complexity point of view with respect to several natural parameters, many of them turned out to be -hard or -hard. Aiming at obtaining plentiful fixed-parameter algorithms, we revisit these problems by considering more natural single parameters, combined parameters, and structural parameters.
Collaborative emergency adaptation for ripple effect mitigation in intertwined supply networks
Authors: Ivanov Dmitry 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor the first time, the ripple effect is examined in the setting of an intertwined supply network. Through simulations, we model the disruption propagation in supply chains having common suppliers. We explore conditions under which a collaborative coordination of re-purposed capacities and shared stocks can help mitigate the ripple effect and improve recovery performance. As a result, we conceptualize the notion of collaborative emergency adaptation contributing to development of “network-of networks” and viability perspective in supply chain resilience management. We illustrate our approach with anyLogistix simulations and deduce some generalized theoretical and managerial insights on how and when a collaborative emergency adaptation can be implemented and help improve supply chain resilience and viability.
Environmental subjectivities and experiences of climate extreme-driven loss and damage in northern Australia
Authors: Jackson Guy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAustralia has objectively suffered climate extreme-driven loss and damage—climate change impacts that cannot or will not be avoided. Recent national surveys demonstrate a growing awareness of the link between climate change and climate extremes. However, climate extremes interact with existing environmental subjectivities (i.e., how people perceive, understand, and relate to the environment), which leads to different social, cultural, and political responses. For example, people in northern Australia are familiar with climate extremes, with the heat, humidity, fires, floods, storms, and droughts intimately connected to identities and sense of place. In this climate ethnography, I demonstrate the value of undertaking environmental subjectivities analyses for research on climate-society relations. I detail how environmental subjectivities influence people’s experiences, or non-experiences, of climate extreme-driven loss and damage in northern Australia. I identify a growing concern for climate change and climate extremes are influencing environmental subjectivities. Yet, many northern Australians—even people concerned about climate change—are not, for now, connecting extreme events to climate change. A widespread subjectivity of anticipatory loss supplied people with an imagined temporal buffer, which contributes to non-urgency in political responses. Together with more structural political-economic barriers and a sense of helplessness to affect progressive change, limited action beyond individual consumer decisions and small-scale advocacy are occurring. These, amongst other, findings extend research on the role of climate extremes in climate opinion, lived experiences of loss and damage in affluent contexts, and the environmental value-action gap.
Evaluation of Trichoderma isolates as biocontrol measure against Claviceps purpurea
Authors: Stange Pia , Seidl Sophia , Karl Tanja , Benz J. Philipp 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClaviceps purpurea causes ergot, a floral disease of major cereal crops, such as winter rye and winter triticale. The dark sclerotia formed by C. purpurea contain numerous toxic ergot alkaloids, which pose a major health risk for humans and animals when ingested. The countermeasures against ergot infection are currently limited to intensive tillage, seed cleaning, crop rotation or integration of optical sorting machines to remove ergot from cereals before processing. However, these practices confer only a minor protective effect and are highly energy-demanding. Thus, more effective and sustainable plant protection measures to combat ergot infections in cereals are needed. The application of Trichoderma spp. as biological control agent has already proven successful against a wide range of phytopathogenic fungi. However, there is only minor scientific evidence about its protective capacity against C. purpurea in cereal crops. In our study, we therefore investigated the antagonistic potential of several Trichoderma isolates against C. purpurea and their ability to confer protection against ergot infection. In initial in vitro tests and confrontation assays, we quantified and compared the production of iron-chelating compounds and hydrolytic enzymes as well as the antagonistic activity against C. purpurea sclerotia and mycelial cultures. Several strains showed high antifungal capacity and growth inhibitory effects towards C. purpurea. Selected Trichoderma strains were then tested for their potential to protect rye (Secale cereale) plants from ergot infection within a greenhouse trial. Rhizosphere-inoculated plants displayed a decreased disease severity compared to plants that had been sprayed with Trichoderma spores above-ground. Gene expression analysis by reverse transcription quantitative PCR also indicated the induction of systemic defense reactions. Overall, our data suggest that individual Trichoderma isolates possess a high antagonistic potential towards C. purpurea, which could be effective by direct mycoparasitism and by inducing systemic plant resistance, and therefore provide important guidance towards the development of Trichoderma treatments of cereals as biocontrol measure against ergot.
Graphical abstract
Localisation of Ultrasonic NDT Data Using Hybrid Tracking of Component and Probe
Authors: Wilken Andreas , Willneff Jochen , Rodeck Rebecca , Wende Gerko , Friedrichs Jens 
Published: June 2023

AbstractKnowledge about the location of a defect is essential for damage assessment. In terms of a digitalised maintenance, inspection data is combined with position information. The presented approach regards the manual ultrasonic inspection, where the ultrasonic probe and the inspected component are both hand-held. By using markerless tracking technologies, it is possible to track the component without any markers. The ultrasonic probe is tracked by a more stable marker-based tracking technology. This results in a hybrid tracking system, which allows a referencing of the non-destructive testing (NDT) data directly to the local coordinate system of the 3D model that corresponds to the inspected component. Transferring this approach to other manual inspection technologies allows for a superimposition of recorded NDT data without any postprocessing or transformation. A better damage assessment is thus enabled. The inspection system, the inspection tool calibration and the camera registration process are described and analysed in detail. This work is focused on the analysis of the system accuracy, which is realised by using a reference body.
High-density DArTSeq SNP markers revealed wide genetic diversity and structured population in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm in Ethiopia
Authors: Gelaw Yonas Moges , Eleblu John S. Y. , Ofori Kwadwo , Fenta Berhanu Amsalu , Mukankusi Clare , Emam Ermias Assefa , Offei Samuel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Common bean is one of the widely consumed food security crop in Africa, Asia, and South America. Understanding genetic diversity and population structure is crucial for designing breeding strategies.

Materials
Two hundred and eighty-nine germplasm were recently collected from different regions of Ethiopia and introduced from CIAT to estimate genetic diversity and population structure using 11,480 DArTSeq SNP markers.

Results
The overall mean genetic diversity and polymorphic information content (PIC) were 0.38 and 0.30, respectively, suggested the presence of adequate genetic diversity among the genotypes. Among the geographical regions, landraces collected from Oromia showed the highest diversity (0.39) and PIC (0.30). The highest genetic distance was observed between genotypes collected from SNNPR and CIAT (0.49). In addition, genotypes from CIAT were genetically more related to improved varieties than the landraces which could be due to sharing of parents in the improvement process. The analysis of molecular variance revealed that the largest proportion of variation was due to within the population both in geographical region (63.67%) and breeding status (61.3%) based classification. Model-based structure analysis delineated the 289 common bean genotypes into six hypothetical ancestoral populations.

Conclusions
The genotypes were not clustered based on geographical regions and they were not the main drivers for the differentiation. This indicated that selection of the parental lines should be based on systematic assessment of the diversity rather than geographical distance. This article provides new insights into the genetic diversity and population structure of common bean for association studies, designing effective collection and conservation for efficient utilization for the improvement of the crop.
How and when are topological explanations complete mechanistic explanations? The case of multilayer network models
Authors: Krickel Beate , de Bruin Leon , Douw Linda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe relationship between topological explanation and mechanistic explanation is unclear. Most philosophers agree that at least some topological explanations are mechanistic explanations. The crucial question is how to make sense of this claim. Zednik (Philos Psychol 32(1):23–51, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2018.1512090) argues that topological explanations are mechanistic if they (i) describe mechanism sketches that (ii) pick out organizational properties of mechanisms. While we agree with Zednik’s conclusion, we critically discuss Zednik’s account and show that it fails as a general account of how and when topological explanations are mechanistic. First, if topological explanations were just mechanism sketches, this implies that they could be enriched by replacing topological terms with mechanistic detail. This, however, conflicts how topological explanations are used in scientific practice. Second, Zednik’s account fails to show how topological properties can be organizational properties of mechanisms that have a place in mechanistic explanation. The core issue is that Zednik’s account ignores that topological properties often are global properties while mechanistic explanantia refer to local properties. We demonstrate how these problems can be solved by a recent account of mechanistic completeness (Craver and Kaplan in Br J Philos Sci 71(1):287–319, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/axy015; Kohár and Krickel in Calzavarini and Viola (eds) Neural mechanisms—new challenges in the philosophy of neuroscience, Springer, New York, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54092-0_17) and use a multilayer network model of Alzheimer’s Disease to illustrate this.
A supplement to Chebotarev’s density theorem
Authors: Harcos Gergely , Soundararajan Kannan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLet L/K be a Galois extension of number fields with Galois group G. We show that if the density of prime ideals in K that split totally in L tends to 1/∣G∣ with a power saving error term, then the density of prime ideals in K whose Frobenius is a given conjugacy class C ⊂ G tends to ∣C∣/∣G∣ with the same power saving error term. We deduce this by relating the poles of the corresponding Dirichlet series to the zeros of ζL(s)/ζK(s).
Junge Menschen in urbanen Räumen
Authors: Hübner Jennifer 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie meisten jungen Menschen leben heute in der Stadt. Diese jedoch gilt schon länger nicht mehr als der urbane Sehnsuchtsort. Städte sehen sich mit unterschiedlichen Herausforderungen konfrontiert, in deren Gemengelage sich auf junge Menschen bewegen und positionieren müssen. Unter Rückgriff auf ausgewählte Perspektiven zu Raum und Zeit wird die Bedeutung von Stadt für die Kohorte der Kinder und Jugendlichen herausgearbeitet und schließlich gefragt, was Stadt aus ihrer Sicht braucht, um lebenswert zu sein, zu werden und zu bleiben.
Application of different chromatographic techniques to characterise wax by-products generated during cannabinoid extraction
Authors: Duminy Jan-Hendrik , Goosen Neill , van Rensburg Eugéne , Arries William , Mokwena Lucky , Kotobe Lindani , Pott Robert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCannabinoid extraction during Cannabis processing produces a wax by-product which is currently underutilised, partially because the composition is poorly understood. This study applied both gas and liquid chromatography methods to characterise the major compounds present in the waxy by-product from commercial Cannabis processing. Two industrial wax by-products (wax A and wax B) were used as the feedstock for the characterisation, differing in both strain of Cannabis used and downstream processing conditions. The main classes quantified in the Cannabis waxes were cannabinoids, n-alkanes, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, sterols, and various terpenoids. The cannabinoid fraction was the most abundant fraction in both waxes, reporting a total fraction of 509.3 mg/g for wax A and 392.6 mg/g for wax B, on a solvent-free basis. For wax A the largest remaining wax compound class was the fatty acids, which reported a concentration of 172.2 mg/g, with linoleic acid being the most abundant at a concentration of 68.47 mg/g. The most abundant wax compound class in wax B was the n-alkanes at a concentration of 54.55 mg/g and the dominant species in that fraction was nonacosane (C29) with a concentration of 24.47 mg/g. It can be concluded that due to the high concentration of cannabinoids remaining in the wax even after processing, and their relative commercial value, recovery of the cannabinoids from the wax could form a potential valorisation application for the underutilised Cannabis wax by-product.
Effect of Wheat Straw Addition on Organic Carbon Mineralisation and Bacterial Community in Orchard Soil
Authors: Lang Dongmei , Zhou Ruijin , Hao Fengge , Zhu Zitan , Zhang Peng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCrop straw returning can stimulate organic carbon mineralisation and C sequestration simultaneously, which affects soil fertility. However, the effects of crop straw on organic carbon mineralisation and soil bacterial community in orchards are not fully understood. A 90-day incubation experiment was performed to investigate the effects of wheat straw (0, 1, 4, 6, 8, and 10 t·ha−1) on organic carbon mineralisation and bacterial community in orchard soil. Wheat straw addition enhanced the CO2 efflux rate and cumulative organic carbon mineralisation (Cmin), especially high level. The trend of CO2 efflux rate was increased sharply, especially during the early incubation stage (the first 13 days), and then decreased in the later phase. Furthermore, soil bacterial community structure displayed distinct changes in response to straw addition. Available nitrogen, potassium, organic carbon, β-glucosidase, and pH were the key factors driving soil bacterial community changes. The bacterial taxa in networks were significantly related to Cmin. The Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi were positively related to Cmin; while Planctomycetes, Patescibacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes showed a negative relationship with Cmin by correlation and redundancy analyses. Co-occurrence network analysis showed a discrete bacterial network in 10 t·ha−1 of straw, while cohesive networks in others. Straw addition promoted organic carbon mineralisation by improving the soil biochemical properties, including enzymes activities, and nutrient contents, and regulating bacterial community composition. On the whole, 4 t·ha−1 of straw could be considered an economical level for improving soil organic carbon and bacterial community stability in orchards.
Addressing Prenatal Alcohol and Other Drug Exposure in Tribal Child Welfare: an Environmental Scan
Authors: Geary Erin , Moyer Natalie , Day Priscilla , Ingoldsby Erin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTribal communities face critical challenges in identifying and addressing substance use by pregnant women. These challenges are often exacerbated by limited resources for services and limited research on effective interventions. To address these challenges, tribal communities are developing innovative and culturally resonant approaches to address prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and prenatal substance exposure (PSE). This article describes an environmental scan that was completed to understand and support the important work of these communities. It concludes with a discussion of the implications for tribal practitioners, specifically those in child welfare as well as policymakers and funders in child welfare and allied service provision systems, and provides potential directions for future research.
Antimicrobial stewardship and drug formulary restrictions during COVID-19: what is restricted and who decides?
Authors: Mena Lora Alfredo J. , Burgos Rodrigo , Borgetti Scott , Chaisson Lelia H. , Bleasdale Susan C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
COVID-19 therapies were challenging to deploy due to evolving literature and conflicting guidelines. Antimicrobial stewardship can help optimize drug use. We conducted a survey to understand the role of stewardship and formulary restrictions during the pandemic. Restrictions for COVID-19 therapies were common and approval by infectious disease physicians often required.
Optimizing human performance in extreme environments through precision medicine: From spaceflight to high-performance operations on Earth
Authors: Schmidt Michael A. , Jones Jeffrey A. , Mason Christopher E. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Humans operating in extreme environments often conduct their operations at the edges of the limits of human performance. Sometimes, they are required to push these limits to previously unattained levels. As a result, their margins for error in execution are much smaller than that found in the general public. These same small margins for error that impact execution may also impact risk, safety, health, and even survival. Thus, humans operating in extreme environments have a need for greater refinement in their preparation, training, fitness, and medical care. Precision medicine (PM) is uniquely suited to address the needs of those engaged in these extreme operations because of its depth of molecular analysis, derived precision countermeasures, and ability to match each individual (and his or her specific molecular phenotype) with any given operating context (environment). Herein, we present an overview of a systems approach to PM in extreme environments, which affords clinicians one method to contextualize the inputs, processes, and outputs that can form the basis of a formal practice. For the sake of brevity, this overview is focused on molecular dynamics, while providing only a brief introduction to the also important physiologic and behavioral phenotypes in PM. Moreover, rather than a full review, it highlights important concepts, while using only selected citations to illustrate those concepts. It further explores, by demonstration, the basic principles of using functionally characterized molecular networks to guide the practical application of PM in extreme environments. At its core, PM in extreme environments is about attention to incremental gains and losses in molecular network efficiency that can scale to produce notable changes in health and performance. The aim of this overview is to provide a conceptual overview of one approach to PM in extreme environments, coupled with a selected suite of practical considerations for molecular profiling and countermeasures.