bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of and mitigation measures for burnout in frontline healthcare workers during disasters: A mixed‐method systematic review
Authors: Alzailai Nawal , Barriball K. Louise , Xyrichis Andreas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundBurnout is a global concern for the healthcare community, especially following a disaster response. It is a major obstacle to providing safe and quality health care. Avoiding burnout is essential to ensuring adequate healthcare delivery and preventing psychological and physical health problems and errors among healthcare staff.AimsThis study aimed to determine the impact of burnout on healthcare staff working on the frontline in a disaster context, including pandemics, epidemics, natural disasters, and man‐made disasters; and to identify interventions used to mitigate burnout among those healthcare professionals before, during, or after the disaster.MethodA mixed methods systematic review was used and included a joint analysis and synthesis of data from qualitative and quantitative studies. The was guided by the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta‐analyses (PRISMA) of qualitative and quantitative evidence. Several databases were searched, for example, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT), version 2018.ResultsTwenty‐seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Thirteen studies addressed the impact of burnout in relation to disasters and highlighted the association between burnout and the physical or mental well‐being of healthcare workers, work performance, and workplace attitude and behavior. Fourteen studies focused on different burnout interventions including psychoeducational interventions, reflection and self‐care activities, and administering a pharmacological product.Linking Evidence to ActionStakeholders should consider reducing risk of burnout among healthcare staff as an approach to improving quality and optimizing patient care. The evidence points to reflective and self‐care interventions having a more positive effect on reducing burnout than other interventions. However, most of these interventions did not report on long‐term effects. Further research needs to be undertaken to assess not only the feasibility and effectiveness but also the sustainability of interventions targeted to mitigate burnout in healthcare workers.
Hydrogen-Induced Attractive Force Between Two Partials of Edge Dislocation in Nickel
Authors: Jinjin Guo , Yin Zhang , Dengke Chen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHydrogen embrittlement is an important technological problem underpinning failure of many structural elements. It has been extensively investigated in the literatures; however, several open issues remain that prevent a full understanding of this phenomenon. One important issue is the uncertain knowledge of how hydrogen atoms affect the dislocation core structure. Here, by exploring the hydrogen role on the dissociated edge dislocation, we reveal that there exists an additional attractive force between two partials due to the hydrogen atmosphere, which would reduce the equilibrium separation distance. This hydrogen-induced attractive force is quantitatively estimated by means of continuum mechanics. Furthermore, molecular statics simulations also capture the hydrogen-reduced separation distance under varying hydrogen background fractions, qualitatively verifying the theoretical prediction of attractive force. These findings at the atomistic scale will inform the hydrogen embrittlement modeling and experiments, especially on the hydrogen effect on the dislocation glide, climb, dynamics strain ageing, and so on.
Affective Responses to Increasing- and Decreasing-Intensity Resistance Training Protocols
Authors: Hutchinson Jasmin C. , Jones Leighton , Ekkekakis Panteleimon , Cheval Boris , Brand Ralf , Salvatore Gabrielle M. , Adler Samantha , Luo Yan 
Published: March 2023

This study compared the effects of an increasing-intensity (UP) and a decreasing-intensity (DOWN) resistance training protocol on affective responses across six training sessions. Novice participants (Mage 43.5 ± 13.7 years) were randomly assigned to UP (n = 18) or DOWN (n = 17) resistance training groups. Linear mixed-effects models showed that the evolution of affective valence within each training session was significantly moderated by the group (b = −0.45, p ≤ .001), with participants in the UP group reporting a decline in pleasure during each session (b = −0.82) and the DOWN group reporting an improvement (b = 0.97; ps < .001). Remembered pleasure was significantly higher in the DOWN group compared to the UP group (b = 0.57, p = .004). These findings indicate that a pattern of decreasing intensity throughout a resistance exercise session can elicit more positive affective responses and retrospective affective evaluations of resistance training.
Censorship in Translating Swear Words into Chinese: Using The Catcher in the Rye as an Example
Authors: Guo Yijiao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper concentrates on the censorship in translating swear words in The Catcher in the Rye. Shi Xianrong and Sun Zhongxu’s Chinese translations are used for the analysis. The text analysis and statistics indicate that more changes were made in Shi’s version, which appeared in the forms of deletion, attenuation, and modulation. These changes, on the one hand, resulted from the censorships imposed by the legal and administrative requirements on publishing and editing. On the other hand, the peculiar sociocultural context of misogynistic homophobia in the People’s Republic of China (prc) in the late 1980s was also normative and decisive to translators’ choices, especially when a swear word was related to homosexuality or sexual content.
Development of the Cardiovascular Assessment Screening Program (CASP) using the qualitative findings of a mixed methods study and applying the TDF to address the barriers of and facilitators to comprehensive screening for cardiovascular disease
Authors: Bruneau Jill , Parsons Karen , Moralejo Donna , Donovan Catherine 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
There is inconsistent utilisation of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) screening and management by healthcare professionals to identify CVD risk factors early and to intervene using current recommendations. This manuscript reports on the first phase of an exploratory sequential mixed methods study describing the integration of the qualitative study findings with the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) that led to the development of the Cardiovascular Assessment Screening Program (CASP). The main objective of the qualitative study was to inform the development of CASP.

Methods
Focus groups (5) and interviews (10) were conducted in rural and urban settings in one Canadian province with target health professionals, managers in health care organizations, and the public to obtain different perspectives to inform the CASP intervention. Three focus groups were held with nurse practitioners and two with members of the public; individual interviews were conducted with target groups as well. Application of the TDF provided a comprehensive approach to determine the main factors influencing clinician behaviour, to assess the implementation process, and to support intervention design. Behaviour change techniques, modes of delivery, and intervention components were selected for the development of the CASP.

Results
Themes identified such lack of knowledge about comprehensive screening, ambiguity around responsibility for screening, lack of time and commitment to screening were addressed in the components of the CASP intervention that were developed, including a website, education module, decision tools, and a toolkit.

Conclusion
CASP is a theory-informed intervention developed through the integration of the findings from the focus groups and interviews with selected TDF domains, behaviour change techniques, and modes of delivery available in the local context that may be a useful approach for knowledge translation of evidence into practice.
Effectiveness of eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fekadu Sintayehu , Engiso Hizkel , Seyfe Sisay , Iizasa Hisashi , Godebo Ashebir , Deyno Serawit , Yoshiyama Hironori 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication depends on the treatment protocol. This study investigates the H. pylori eradication rate in Africa using the best available evidence from databases.

Methods
Databases were searched and results were pooled together. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I2 test statistics. Stata version 13 software was employed to compute the pooled eradication rate. In the subgroup analysis comparison, the finding is considered significant when the confidence intervals did not overlap.

Results
Twenty-two studies from 9 African countries with a total population of 2,163 were included in this study. The pooled eradication rate of H. pylori was 79% (95% CI: 75%-82%), heterogeneity (I2 = 93.02%). In the subgroup analysis by study design, a higher eradication rate was reported from observational studies (85%, 95% CI: 79%-90%), compared to randomized control trials (77%, 95% CI: 73%-82%); by the duration of therapy, higher eradication rate was reported in 10-days regimen (88%, 95% CI: 84%-92%), compared to 7-days regimen (66%, 95% CI: 55%-77%); by country, the highest eradication rate was found in Ethiopia (90%; 95% CI: 87%-93%) and the lowest eradication rate was reported in Ivory Coast (22.3%; 95% CI:15%-29%); by type of H. pylori test, the highest eradication rate was reported when rapid urease test coupled with histology (88%, 95% CI: 77%-96%), and the lowest eradication rate was reported with histology alone (22.3%; 95% CI:15%-29%). Significant heterogeneity was observed with pooled prevalence (I2 = 93.02%, P < 0.000).

Conclusions
In Africa, the first-line therapy showed a variable eradication rate for H. pylori. This study demonstrates the necessity to optimize current H. pylori treatment regimens in each country, taking into account the antibiotic susceptibility. Future RCT studies with standardized regimens are warranted.
Impact of additional theoretical training program in the diagnosis of the fetal head position during labor: a prospective observational study
Authors: Song Ye , Qu Yun , Liu Jia , Jia Hongjing , Yue Yongfei , Zhao Xuepiao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The accuracy of transvaginal digital examination in determining foetal head position is not high enough. This study aimed to evaluate whether an additional training on our new theory could improve the diagnostic accuracy of the foetal head position.

Methods
This was a prospective study conducted at a 3a grade hospital. The study included 2 residents in their first year of training in obstetrics without prior experience in transvaginal digital examination. In the observational study, 600 pregnant women without contraindications to vaginal delivery were included. Two residents were simultaneously trained in the theory of traditional vaginal examination, but resident B received an additional theoretical training program. The pregnant women were randomly assigned to have the foetal head position examined by resident A and resident B. The foetal head position was then confirmed by ultrasound, which was performed by the main investigator. After 300 examinations were independently performed by each resident, the accuracy of foetal head position and perinatal outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Results
During the 3-month period, 300 post training transvaginal digital examinations were performed by each resident in our hospital. The two groups were found to be homogeneous for age at delivery, BMI before delivery, parity, gestational weeks at delivery, the rate of epidural analgesia, foetal head position, presence of caput succedaneum, presence of moulding and foetal head station(p > 0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of head position by digital examination was higher for resident B, who was subjected to an additional theoretical training program, than for resident A (75.00% vs. 60.67%, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in maternal and neonatal outcomes between the two groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
An additional theoretical training program for residents increased the accuracy of vaginal assessment of foetal head position.

Trial registration
Registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Platform (ChiCTR2200064783), October 17, 2022. https://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=182857&htm=4
Modified bar bending method of thoracoscopic nuss procedure on pectus excavatum: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Han Jichang , Mou Yaru , Wang Dongming , Xu Qiongqian , Wang Jian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common disease of chest wall deformity, with an incidence of 1 in 300—400 births. Nuss procedure has proved to be the best surgical treatment method and has been widely used after clinical use for 30 years. We aimed to review the clinical data of pectus excavatum (PE) of thoracoscopic Nuss procedure adopted the Modified bar bending method of the six-point seven-section type, and compare it with the traditional curved bar bending method to explore the clinical application effect.

Methods
Forty-six cases of clinical data were summarized of children with PE who adopted the treatment of the Modified bar bending method of the six-point seven-section type from January 2019 to December 2021, and 51 cases were compared of PE children who adopted the treatment of traditional curved bar bending method from January 2016 to December 2018, including the data of age, gender, preoperative symptoms, symmetry, Haller index, operation time, bar bending time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative complications, bar migration, postoperative effect evaluation, etc.

Results
The Procedure duration (P = 0.008), bar bending time (P < 0.001), and duration of postoperative pain (P < 0.001) were reduced significantly, and the incidence of bar migration after surgery was reduced as well by the modified bar bending method. There was no difference compared with traditional Nuss produce, like the incidence of evaluation of postoperative effects (Excellent, P = 0.93; Good, P = 0.80; Medium, P = 1.00; Poor, P = 1.00), bar migration (P = 1.00), postoperative complications (P = 1.00), Clavien- Dindo classification of surgical complications (I = 0.165; II = 1.00; IIIa = 1.00; IIIb = 1.00; VI = 1.00; V = 1.00), operative safety, and operative validity.

Conclusion
Modified bar bending method of the six-point seven-section type, which is a kind of surgical method worth applying and popularizing, and the advantages of minimally procedure duration, bar bending time, and duration of postoperative pain, compared with the traditional bar bending method.
“If people are hesitant at all, you just want a really big front door”: a rapid qualitative interview study on the Luton COVID-19 vaccination outreach clinics
Authors: Logue M. , Haylock C. , Scarborough C. , Mackenzie J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
There is a lack of evidence on the usefulness, practicality, and acceptance of vaccination outreach clinics in the community especially during pandemics. In this qualitative study, we explored the experiences, motivations and perceptions of service users, health professionals, strategic staff, volunteers, and community workers involved in the COVID-19 vaccination outreach clinics in Luton.

Methods
Semi structured face to face, telephone, online interviews, and focus groups were conducted with 31 participants including health professionals, strategic staff, volunteers, community workers and service users. The Framework Method was used to analyse the data and generate themes.

Results
Service users expressed positivity towards the convenience and familiarity of the location of the vaccination outreach clinics and the flexibility of receiving the vaccination in a local setting. Participants involved in the planning and delivery of the service commented on the worthwhile and rewarding experience but suggested more attention should be given to preparation time, service user recruitment, the working environment, and staff welfare.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 mobile vaccination outreach clinics in Luton tested and developed a different model of service delivery and demonstrated a collaborative way of working: “taking the health service to the patient, not the patient to the health service”. Planning and local community engagement were seen as key to successful delivery of a mobile healthcare service.
Cholera outbreak in some communities in North-East Nigeria, 2019: an unmatched case–control study
Authors: Fagbamila Idowu O. , Abdulkarim Muhammad A. , Aworh Mabel K. , Uba Belinda , Balogun Muhammad S. , Nguku Patrick , Gandi Ajibji Y. , Abdullahi Ibrahim , Okolocha Emmanuel C. , Kwaga Jacob K. P. , Waziri Ndadilnasiya E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Cholera, a diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, transmitted through fecal contamination of water or food remains an ever-present risk in many countries, especially where water supply, sanitation, food safety, and hygiene are inadequate. A cholera outbreak was reported in Bauchi State, North-eastern Nigeria. We investigated the outbreak to determine the extent and assess risk factors associated with the outbreak.

Methods
We conducted a descriptive analysis of suspected cholera cases to determine the fatality rate (CFR), attack rate (AR), and trends/patterns of the outbreak. We also conducted a 1:2 unmatched case–control study to assess risk factors amongst 110 confirmed cases and 220 uninfected individuals (controls). We defined a suspected case as any person > 5 years with acute watery diarrhea with/without vomiting; a confirmed case as any suspected case in which there was laboratory isolation of Vibrio cholerae O1 or O139 from the stool while control was any uninfected individual with close contact (same household) with a confirmed case. Children under 5 were not included in the case definition however, samples from this age group were collected where such symptoms had occurred and line-listed separately. Data were collected with an interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using Epi-info and Microsoft excel for frequencies, proportions, bivariate and multivariate analysis at a 95% confidence interval.

Results
A total of 9725 cases were line-listed with a CFR of 0.3% in the state. Dass LGA had the highest CFR (14.3%) while Bauchi LGA recorded the highest AR of 1,830 cases per 100,000 persons. Factors significantly associated with cholera infection were attending social gatherings (aOR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.16–3.59) and drinking unsafe water (aOR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.07–2.83).

Conclusion
Attending social gatherings and drinking unsafe water were risk factors for cholera infection. Public health actions included chlorination of wells and distribution of water guard (1% chlorine solution) bottles to households and public education on cholera prevention. We recommend the provision of safe drinking water by the government as well as improved sanitary and hygienic conditions for citizens of the state.
Association of education level with the risk of female breast cancer: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Jiang Runxue , Wang Xia , Sun Zhiguo , Wu Shouling , Chen Shuohua , Cai Haifeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is a serious threat to female health, and its incidence varies with education level (EL). In the present study, the association between EL and the risk of developing female breast cancer was investigated.

Methods
From May 2006 to December 2007, 20,400 observation subjects in Kailuan Cohort received questionnaires and were subjected to clinical examinations for data collection on baseline population characteristics, height, weight, lifestyle and past disease history. Then, these participants were followed up with from the date of recruitment to December 31, 2019. Cox proportional risk regression models were used to analyse the association between EL and the risk of developing female breast cancer.

Results
The cumulative follow-up period of 20,129 observation subjects that meet the inclusion criteria of this study was 254,386.72 person-years, and the median follow-up time was 12.96 years. During the follow-up period, 279 cases of breast cancer were diagnosed. In comparison with the low EL group, the risk of developing breast cancer was significantly higher in the medium (hazard ratio [HR] (95% confidence interval [CI]) = 2.23 (1.12–4.64)] and high [HRs (95% CI) = 2.52 (1.12–5.70)] EL group.

Conclusion
An increased risk of breast cancer was associated with a higher EL, and some certain factors, such as alcohol use and hormone therapy, may play a mediating role.
Spontaneous and iatrogenic ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in the absence of FSHR mutations: a case report of two unexpected cases
Authors: Daolio Jessica , Sperduti Samantha , Casarini Livio , Falbo Angela , Materazzo Caterina , Aguzzoli Lorenzo , Villani Maria Teresa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a complication of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). It is a potentially life-threatening condition that usually occurs either after human chorionic gonadotropins (hCG) administration in susceptible patients or as a result of an implanting pregnancy, regardless of whether it was achieved by natural conception or infertility treatments. Despite many years of clinical experience regarding the adoption of preventive measures and the identification of patients at high risk, the pathophysiology of OHSS is poorly understood and no reliable predictive risk factors have been identified.

Cases presentation
We report about two unexpected cases of OHSS following infertility treatments, occurring after freeze-all strategy with embryo cryopreservation approaches. The first case developed spontaneous OHSS (sOHSS), despite efforts to prevent its manifestation by a segmentation approach, including frozen embryo replacement cycle. The second case developed a late form of iatrogenic OHSS (iOHSS), even though the absence of any risk factors. No mutations in the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) receptor (FSHR)-encoding gene were detected, suggesting that the high levels of hCG due to the twin implanting pregnancies could be the only triggering factor of OHSS outbreak.

Conclusion
Freeze-all strategy with embryo cryopreservation cannot entirely prevent the development of OHSS, which may occur in its spontaneous form independently from the FSHR genotype. Although OHSS remains a rare event, all infertile patients requiring ovulation induction or controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) may be at potential risk of OHSS, either in the presence or in the absence of risk factors. We suggest closely monitoring cases of pregnancy following infertility treatments in order to provide early diagnosis and adopt the conservative management.