bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Merge in the Ethereum Blockchain
Authors: Bertalan András , Gyenge Balázs , Kacz Károly 
Published: July 2023

The food industry has been at the forefront of rapid implementation for several technological innovations. One of the main reasons for this is that food security has been of paramount importance in supplying a growing population, taking into account both quantitative and qualitative requirements. And the necessary development could only be ensured by incorporating the latest developments.
Blockchain technology is also a tool to consider in terms of how it can help track food chains. Its widespread application is only a decade old, but in some areas, for example, the operation of cryptocurrencies has already accumulated enough experience to see if it really lives up to the hopes attached to it, and what problems still stand in the way of further spread.
With this material, our primary goal is to present a significant technological change that aims to solve one of the main problems of blockchain-based data management. It will be presented how the technology works (with a specific focus on the proof of work mechanism) and the transition to a truly significant platform, the proof of stake mechanism at Ethereum. This gives us an idea of how much a relatively new technology can undergo changes, and at what rate a seemingly significant problem (in this case, e.g. environmental impact) can decrease. This potential for development provides the basis for counting blockchains as a technology that can be applied in other areas, such as the food industry.
In addition to scientific treatises, we often rely on Internet sources in the material, since the change occurred so quickly that publications in scientific journals could not yet track it or only in a narrower circle.
Error Analysis in Second Language Acquisition (SLA): Types and Frequencies of Grammatical Errors of Simple Present and Past Tense in the Elicited Written Production Task of Arab EFL Undergraduate Learners
Authors: Muftah Dr. Muneera 
Published: July 2023

This investigation aimed to examine the types and frequencies of grammatical errors of present and past tense and agreement in the elicited written production task (EWPT) of Arab EFL learners. The sample of the study comprised 67 Arab EFL undergraduates selected through a simple random sampling method and subdivided into three proficiency levels. The data collection instrument was the EWPT, which consisted of two passages and a total of 46 test items. The EWPT was collected and the errors committed by the students were identified, classified, and analyzed in frequencies. Then, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21. The findings demonstrated two basic types of grammatical errors: error of misformation (EM) and error of omission (EO). Overall results revealed that incorrect use of inflectional morphemes was higher for the EM than for the EO of inflectional morphemes across the three groups of participants. The ungrammatical EM is characterized by the use of incorrect forms, including misusing phonologically similar words, incorrect suffixation, substitution, as well as overgeneralization of be verb forms. Based on these findings, some recommendations and pedagogical implications were proposed, which might assist EFL teachers in developing feasible teaching propositions and policies.
Second Chern-Einstein metrics on four-dimensional almost-Hermitian manifolds
Authors: Barbaro Giuseppe , Lejmi Mehdi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We study four-dimensional second Chern-Einstein almost-Hermitian manifolds. In the compact case, we observe that under a certain hypothesis, the Riemannian dual of the Lee form is a Killing vector field. We use that observation to describe four-dimensional compact second Chern-Einstein locally conformally symplectic manifolds, and we give some examples of such manifolds. Finally, we study the second Chern-Einstein problem on unimodular almost-abelian Lie algebras, classifying those that admit a left-invariant second Chern-Einstein metric with a parallel non-zero Lee form.
The structure of RUB-1, (C8H16N)6[B6Si48O108], a boron containing levyne-type zeolite, occluding N-methyl-quinuclidinium in the cage-like pores
Authors: Gruenewald-Lueke Antje , Grosskreuz Isabel , Gies Hermann , Marler Bernd 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
C48H96B6N6O108Si48, trigonal,

R

3
‾

m

$R\overline{3}m$

(no. 166), a = 12.8892(1) Å, c = 22.3058(2) Å, V = 3209.23(4) Å3, Z = 1, density = 2.02(2) g·cm−3, R(F) = 0.038, Chi2 = 2.86, T = 293 K.
A modified power-law model: Properties, estimation, and applications
Authors: Shrahili Mansour , Kayid Mohamed 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Models of various physical, biological, and artificial phenomena follow a power law over multiple magnitudes. This article presents a modified Pareto model with an upside-down shape and an adjustable right tail. The moments, quantiles, failure rate, mean residual life, and quantile residual life functions are examined. In addition, some stochastic ordering characteristics of the proposed model are investigated. The estimation of the parameters using the maximum likelihood estimator, the mean square error, and the Anderson–Darling estimator is explored, and a simulation study is conducted to analyze their behavior. Finally, we compare the proposed model with alternative methods for describing a dataset on the strength of carbon fiber and a dataset on customer waiting times in a bank.
Heard or Understood? Neural Tracking of Language Features in a Comprehensible Story, an Incomprehensible Story and a Word List
Authors: Gillis Marlies , Vanthornhout Jonas , Francart Tom 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpeech comprehension is a complex neural process on which relies on activation and integration of multiple brain regions. In the current study, we evaluated whether speech comprehension can be investigated by neural tracking. Neural tracking is the phenomenon in which the brain responses time-lock to the rhythm of specific features in continuous speech. These features can be acoustic, i.e., acoustic tracking, or derived from the content of the speech using language properties, i.e., language tracking. We evaluated whether neural tracking of speech differs between a comprehensible story, an incomprehensible story, and a word list. We evaluated the neural responses to speech of 19 participants (six men). No significant difference regarding acoustic tracking was found. However, significant language tracking was only found for the comprehensible story. The most prominent effect was visible to word surprisal, a language feature at the word level. The neural response to word surprisal showed a prominent negativity between 300 and 400 ms, similar to the N400 in evoked response paradigms. This N400 was significantly more negative when the story was comprehended, i.e., when words could be integrated in the context of previous words. These results show that language tracking can capture the effect of speech comprehension.
Modulation of SK Channels via Calcium Buffering Tunes Intrinsic Excitability of Parvalbumin Interneurons in Neuropathic Pain: A Computational and Experimental Investigation
Authors: Ma Xinyue , Miraucourt Loïs S. , Qiu Haoyi , Sharif-Naeini Reza , Khadra Anmar 
Published: July 2023

Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PVINs) play a crucial role within the dorsal horn of the spinal cord by preventing touch inputs from activating pain circuits. In both male and female mice, nerve injury decreases PVINs' output via mechanisms that are not fully understood. In this study, we show that PVINs from nerve-injured male mice change their firing pattern from tonic to adaptive. To examine the ionic mechanisms responsible for this decreased output, we used a reparametrized Hodgkin-Huxley type model of PVINs, which predicted (1) the firing pattern transition is because of an increased contribution of small conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels, enabled by (2) impairment in intracellular calcium buffering systems. Analyzing the dynamics of the Hodgkin-Huxley type model further demonstrated that a generalized Hopf bifurcation differentiates the two types of state transitions observed in the transient firing of PVINs. Importantly, this predicted mechanism holds true when we embed the PVIN model within the neuronal circuit model of the spinal dorsal horn. To experimentally validate this hypothesized mechanism, we used pharmacological modulators of SK channels and demonstrated that (1) tonic firing PVINs from naive male mice become adaptive when exposed to an SK channel activator, and (2) adapting PVINs from nerve-injured male mice return to tonic firing on SK channel blockade. Our work provides important insights into the cellular mechanism underlying the decreased output of PVINs in the spinal dorsal horn after nerve injury and highlights potential pharmacological targets for new and effective treatment approaches to neuropathic pain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTParvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PVINs) exert crucial inhibitory control over Aβ fiber-mediated nociceptive pathways at the spinal dorsal horn. The loss of their inhibitory tone leads to neuropathic symptoms, such as mechanical allodynia, via mechanisms that are not fully understood. This study identifies the reduced intrinsic excitability of PVINs as a potential cause for their decreased inhibitory output in nerve-injured condition. Combining computational and experimental approaches, we predict a calcium-dependent mechanism that modulates PVINs' electrical activity following nerve injury: a depletion of cytosolic calcium buffer allows for the rapid accumulation of intracellular calcium through the active membranes, which in turn potentiates SK channels and impedes spike generation. Our results therefore pinpoint SK channels as potential therapeutic targets for treating neuropathic symptoms.
Effects of Leadership Development Program on Self-Efficacy in School Health Promotion, Thailand
Authors: Muangnapoe Suthira , Srisiri Sununta 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To examine the effects of a health leadership development program on self-efficacy in health screening and life safety in school, among health education major college students.
Methods: In this research, 22 health education major college students from the 2nd year of Srinakharinwirot university, Thailand volunteered to join the program. Students worked as a team to create a health promotion program (1 program per team) for the nearby community. Self-efficacy in health screening and life safety was measured using a self-administered questionnaire before and after the program. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation, as well as Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test .
Results: After program participation, self-efficacy in health screening and life safety increased significantly from baseline (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Health promotion leadership program helps improves knowledge and self-efficacy. The Health Education department should encourage the students to learn and practice from direct experience to become quality health promotion leaders.
Saberes e fazeres de mulheres rurais: Algumas narrativas
Authors: Petrykowski Peixe Rita Inês , Canonica Rosangela 
Published: July 2023

O conteúdo desse artigo versa sobre histórias, narrativas e experiências da vida de mulheres da área rural de Joinville, em Santa Catarina (Brasil), a partir de uma investigação realizada em 2017, por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e filmagens, que resultaram na produção de um documentário intitulado “O protagonismo feminino na área rural de Joinville”. Nele, mulheres de diferentes idades e oriundas de distintos contextos, apresentam aspectos da sua trajetória de vida no campo, suas escolhas, seus desafios e aprendizados, bem como a luta por direitos e reconhecimento. O trabalho objetivou a troca de experiências e vivências, com vistas a evidenciar saberes e fazeres, resultando em interações e reconhecimentos importantes junto às mulheres da área rural. As aproximações propostas deram conta de discutir e tangenciar, por meio de dados, referenciais teóricos e conteúdos da investigação propriamente dita, que resultou em um material visual, destacando aspectos da presença feminina no campo, tanto localmente quanto em contextos mais amplos.
REMOVAL OF RAIN COMPONENTS FROM SINGLE IMAGES USING A RECURRENT NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Petrov K. E. , Kyrychenko V. V. 
Published: July 2023

Context. Removing the undesirable consequences of rain effects from single images is an actual problem in many computer vision tasks, because rain streaks can significantly degrade the visual quality of images and seriously interfere with the operation of various intelligent systems, which are used for their processing and further analysis.
Objective. The goal of the work is to develop a method for detecting and removing undesirable effects of the rain from single images, which is based on the using of a convolutional neural network with a recurrent structure.
Method. The main component of the proposed method is a convolutional neural network, which has a recurrent multi-stage structure. A feature of this network architecture is the use of repeated blocks (layers), at the output of which you can get an intermediate result of «cleaning» the original image. Moreover at the output of each next layer of the network we get an image with less influence of rain components than on the previous one. Each network layer contains two independent sub-networks (branches) for parallel image processing. The main branch is designed to detect and remove the effect of rain from the image and the attention branch is used to improve and speed up the process of detecting undesirable rain components (for rain attention map formation).
Results. An approach has been developed to automatically detect and remove the rain effect from single images. The process of “cleaning” the original image is based on the use of a convolutional neural network with a recurrent structure, which was trained on the Rain100H and Rain100L datasets. The results of computer experiments, which testifies to the effectiveness and expediency of using the proposed method for solving practical tasks of pre-processing “contaminated” images are presented.
Conclusions. The advantage of the developed method for removing undesirable components of rain from images is that the recurrent multi-stage network architecture, on which it is based allows it to be potentially applied to solving tasks under conditions of limited computing resources. The proposed method can be successfully used in the development of intelligent systems for area monitoring with surveillance cameras, autonomous vehicles control, processing aerial photography results, etc. In the future, it should be considered the possibility of forming a separate sub-network to eliminate blurring in the image and train the network on datasets that contain image samples with different components of rain, which will make the method more «resistant» to different forms of the rain effect and increase the quality of image “cleaning”.
METHOD FOR SELECTING A SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Seniv M. M. 
Published: July 2023

Context. With the development of the software industry, the number of applied methodologies and hybrid approaches based on them constantly increases, that is why, the choice of the most suitable/optimal methodology for the project is an urgent problem of software engineering, since the selection process is poorly formalized, requires sufficient experience of the person who will make this decision and depends on many related factors.
Objective. The support of decision-making in the process of choosing a methodology for the software project development and increase of the level of adequacy of the above choice.
Method. Based on the previously developed algorithm by the author, a generalized method for selecting the best software development methodology is proposed, which consists of 14 steps and takes into account the characteristics of the project, based on the multi-criteria analysis approaches, taking into consideration the opinions of experts for a more reasonable choice of the most suitable methodology for this project. The method uses the aggregated expert evaluation. It was decided to use the AHP to calculate the criteria weights. Based on the established values of criteria, their weights and expert evaluation, the score is calculated for each methodology using the weighted sum and TOPSIS methods.
Results. The application of the developed method to the data of actual projects showed a match in 83% of cases (in five out of six cases, the application of the method resulted in the selection of methodology that corresponded to the one actually used in an existing project). In cases when the methodology chosen by the proposed method differed from the one that was actually used, the application of the proposed method recommends going to the stage of the initial determination of criteria and their weights, which will allow making a more adequate choice of methodology.
Conclusions. The proposed method can be applied in practice by software project managers to support the decision-making process, and will allow reducing time spent on project management.
Axionormative Determinants of Social Entrepreneurship in View of the Principles of Catholic Social Teaching
Authors: Zadroga Adam 
Published: July 2023

The role of Catholic social teaching has been attributed to the promotion of moral values and principles that should be considered when establishing or evaluating a given social, economic, or political system. This also applies to smaller structures, specific institutions, concepts, and practical social solutions, which may include social entrepreneurship. The article aims to confirm the hypothesis that, taking into account the principles of Catholic social teaching in the process of discovering the axionormative determinants of social entrepreneurship allows its deeper understanding and more effective implementation of its praxeological goals. At the beginning of the paper, the author emphasises the common source of all general and specific axionormative criteria of the two analysed disciplines – the dignity of a human person. Further deliberations revolve around other values and principles, such as the value of human work and entrepreneurship, the common good, the universal destination of goods, the preferential option for the poor, solidarity, subsidiarity, and participation.
Literature review and two study cases of vestibular paroxysmia from an otorhinolaryngology centre
Authors: Jankowska Katarzyna , Pietrzak Nikodem , Rosiak Oskar , Konopka Wieslaw 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionVestibular paroxysmia is a rare disorder of the balance system manifested by recurrent attacks of vertigo, the etiology of which is associated with compression of a blood vessel on the vestibulocochlear nerve. The exact mechanism for triggering the symptoms is not fully
understood. The condition occurs in all age groups and without gender predilection. The purpose of the study was to review the literature on vestibular paroxysmia, discuss criteria for the diagnosis of the disease, diagnostic management, proposed therapy, and present clinical cases from the authors’ own practice.Material and methodsA review of the scientific literature was conducted via the PubMed database using the keywords “vestibular paroxysmia,” “neurovascular conflict cochlear nerve,” and “neurovascular conflict vestibular nerve”. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were applied.ResultsThere were 146 publications found; after analysis of titles and abstracts, 56 were included in the review; another 10 manuscripts were identified during reference review. Among them, 11 studies were devoted to diagnostic imaging, 19 described the clinical course of the condition
based on retrospective studies, 15 were case reports, and 11 other reports and reviews. Following evaluation of this literature, two clinical cases of vestibular paroxysm from the authors’ own practice are described. These cases are presented along with their diagnosis and therapy.ConclusionsImaging studies are of significant value in diagnosing many vascular–neural conflicts, but for vestibular paroxysmia the diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical symptoms and according to the division proposed by the Bárány Society in 2016. Pharmacological therapy is
recommended, and response to therapy is one of the criteria for diagnosing the condition. Surgical treatment is reserved for the most severe cases.
The Premodern Descriptive Earthquake Catalogs of von Hoff (1840–1841), Perrey (1845–1850), and Mallet (1853–1855) Under a Magnifying Glass
Authors: Albini Paola 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The global premodern descriptive catalogs of von Hoff (1840–1841), Perrey (1845–1850), and Mallet (1853–1855), all covering the period from Antiquity to 1842, have been used to populate the preinstrumental section of parametric catalogs since the late 1960s. The earthquake lists of these three authors have been individually analyzed to compile a comprehensive inventory of the sources on which they relied. Conversely to previous analyses and uses that were focused—primarily if not exclusively—on their seismological content, both in the compilation of the inventory and in this article the hundreds of items supplying earthquake records are in the foreground. After having merged these three sets of sources and having obtained a comprehensive list of about 5000 earthquakes and two times more source entries, similarities and differences are evidenced. This comprehensive analysis is meant to catch and explain how the preference given to one source among many available may have affected the interpretation of the collected records and influenced the accuracy and reliability of the earthquake lists by von Hoff, Perrey, and Mallet, and consequently of their contribution to the construction of the global modern parametric earthquake catalogs.
Evaluation of analytical performance & quality specification of urine biochemical analytes
Authors: Pandith Ashwini 
Published: July 2023

Urinary biochemical analytes are very important tools for clinical decision making. Total allowable error (TEa) by integrating internal (IQC) and external (EQC) quality control performances are used to evaluate the performance of urinary biochemical analytes along with quality specifications strategy. : Alternate 6 months Coefficient of Variation (CV%) and External Quality Assurance Scheme (EQAS) bias% data for urinary biochemistry analytes were collected for the year 2022. TEa calculated for each analyte was calculated based on average CV% and bias%. Total TEa calculated values are compared with optimal, minimal and desirable TEa of each analyte. : TEa values of urinary biochemistry analytes were performing good and fulfilled minimal, desirable and optimal quality requirements except urine creatinine which did not fulfill the minimal standards.: TEa is an excellent quality management tool and quantitatively evaluates analytical performance. The accurate results generated are useful for clinicians for decision-making.