bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic cues impact non‐oscillatory intergeniculate leaflet and ventral lateral geniculate nucleus: standard versus high‐fat diet comparative study
Authors: Jeczmien‐Lazur Jagoda S. , Sanetra Anna M. , Pradel Kamil , Izowit Gabriela , Chrobok Lukasz , Palus‐Chramiec Katarzyna , Piggins Hugh D. , Lewandowski Marian H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe intergeniculate leaflet and ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (IGL/VLG) are subcortical structures involved in entrainment of the brain's circadian system to photic and non‐photic (e.g. metabolic and arousal) cues. Both receive information about environmental light from photoreceptors, exhibit infra‐slow oscillations (ISO)in vivo, and connect to the master circadian clock. Although current evidence demonstrates that the IGL/VLG communicate metabolic information and are crucial for entrainment of circadian rhythms to time‐restricted feeding, their sensitivity to food intake‐related peptides has not been investigated yet. We examined the effect of metabolically relevant peptides on the spontaneous activity of IGL/VLG neurons. Usingex vivoandin vivoelectrophysiological recordings as well asin situhybridisation, we tested potential sensitivity of the IGL/VLG to anorexigenic and orexigenic peptides, such as cholecystokinin, glucagon‐like peptide 1, oxyntomodulin, peptide YY, orexin A and ghrelin. We explored neuronal responses to these drugs during day and night, and in standardvs. high‐fat diet conditions. We found that IGL/VLG neurons responded to all the substances tested, except peptide YY. Moreover, more neurons responded to anorexigenic drugs at night, while a high‐fat diet affected the IGL/VLG sensitivity to orexigenic peptides. Interestingly, ISO neurons responded to light and orexin A, but did not respond to the other food intake‐related peptides. In contrast, non‐ISO cells were activated by metabolic peptides, with only some being responsive to light. Our results show for the first time that peptides involved in the body's energy homeostasis stimulate the thalamus and suggest functional separation of the IGL/VLG cells.imageKey pointsThe intergeniculate leaflet and ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (IGL/VLG) of the rodent thalamus process various signals and participate in circadian entrainment.In both structures, cells exhibiting infra‐slow oscillatory activity as well as non‐rhythmically firing neurons being observed.Here, we reveal that only one of these two groups of cells responds to anorexigenic (cholecystokinin, glucagon‐like peptide 1 and oxyntomodulin) and orexigenic (ghrelin and orexin A) peptides. Neuronal responses vary depending on the time of day (dayvs. night) and on the diet (standardvs. high‐fat diet).Additionally, we visualised receptors to the tested peptides in the IGL/VLG usingin situhybridisation.Our results suggest that two electrophysiologically different subpopulations of IGL/VLG neurons are involved in two separate functions: one related to the body's energy homeostasis and one associated with the subcortical visual system.
Computationally Efficient Hierarchical Model Predictive Control Via Koopman Operator
Authors: Boyle Stephen , Stockar Stephanie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Combined powertrain and velocity optimization can achieve significant energy efficiency improvements. However, due to the multitime scales in the system, the optimization is performed hierarchically and by separating time scales. To enforce state constraints, iteration between controller is introduced, for example, using Lagrange multipliers as metric for constraint violation. In this paper, an extension of the Koopman operator theory is presented with to obtain a data-driven approximation of the multipliers' behavior hence eliminating the need for iterations. Because the evolution of the Lagrange multipliers is the result of a fast dynamics optimization problem, and not the response of a nonlinear dynamical system, a novel technique in which the Lagrange multipliers are interpreted as a dynamic system is presented here. The approximate Koopman linear system is then derived using extended dynamic mode decomposition and it is integrated with the slow dynamic optimization. Results show that the Koopman augmented controller, which is solved as one single optimization, meets state and input constraints and achieves similar energy savings compared to an iterative approach.
A Comparison of Biaxial Bending Strength of Thin Silicon Dies in the Ball-on-Ring and PoEF Tests
Authors: Tsai M. Y. , Kuo T. C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to demonstrate the biaxial bending strength test on thin silicon dies using the classic ball-on-ring (BoR) test and discuss it in detail by comparing those results with the newly-proposed point load on elastic foundation (PoEF) test. The geometric linear and nonlinear solutions to the BoR test are reviewed and also provided with theoretical and numerical formulations, respectively. Three different thicknesses (t = 42 μm, 57 μm, and 82 μm) of the thin silicon dies (with a size of 10 mm × 10 mm) are tested in the BoR test, and their bending strengths, load–displacement curves and failure modes are presented and thoroughly discussed with a comparison of the published data from the PoEF test. It is found that, for the bending strengths of 57 μm and 82 μm-thick dies, the data from both the BoR and PoEF tests are very consistent, but not for 42 μm-thick dies with a relatively lower value in the BoR test. This lower strength value in the BoR test is attributed to the more pronounced local buckling effect than the PoEF test. Based on that, it can concluded that the PoEF test is better and more reliable than the conventional BoR as for testing the ultrathin silicon dies, even though both tests are identical for the regularly thin dies.
Evaluation of diabetic retinopathy severity on ultrawide field colour images compared with ultrawide fluorescein angiograms
Authors: Ashraf Mohamed , AbdelAl Omar , Shokrollahi Siamak , Pitoc Cloyd M , Aiello Lloyd Paul , Silva Paolo S 
Published: January 2023

PurposeTo compare Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity on ultrawide field (UWF) colour imaging (CI) and UWF fluorescein angiography (FA).DesignCross-sectional retrospective review.SubjectsPatients with diabetes mellitus and at least mild non-proliferative DR on UWF-CI.MethodsUWF-CI and UWF-FA images acquired within 1 month of each other were evaluated independently using ETDRS DR Severity Scale (DRSS) for colour photography adapted for UWF-CI and UWF-FA. Extent of non-perfusion (NP, mm2) was determined from UWF-FA images.Main outcome measuresAgreement rate between DRSS on UWF-CI and UWF-FA.ResultsImages from 218 eyes of 137 patients with diabetes were evaluated. Agreement rate for DRSS between UWF-CI and UWF-FA was moderate to substantial (K=0.46, Kw=0.65). Over-all, DRSS was worse in 73 (33.5%) eyes on UWF-FA and in 16 (7.3%) on UWF-CI. Compared to UWF-CI, UWF-FA identified more severe DRSS in 26.5% (1 step) and 7.34% (≥2 steps) of eyes. DRSS was worse than UWF-FA in 56 (51.4%) in early DR (ETDRS levels 20–47, N=109) and 17 (15.6%) in eyes with severe DR (53 and higher, N=109). In this cohort, the extent of NP significantly increased as eyes approach moderate non-proliferative DR (levels 43–47, p=0.0065).ConclusionWhen evaluating UWF-FA images using the ETDRS colour severity scale, DRSS is graded as more severe in a substantial number of eyes than when evaluating UWF-CI. It is uncertain how the DRSS levels using UWF-FA translate to clinical outcomes, but the additional lesions detected might provide added prognostic value. These and other recent data emphasise the need of obtaining outcome data based on UWF-FA and the potential need to develop DRSS specifically tailored for UWF-FA images.
Unilateral tests of lower-limb function as prognostic indicators of future knee-related outcomes following anterior cruciate ligament injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 150 adolescents and adults
Authors: West Thomas J , Bruder Andrea M , Crossley Kay M , Culvenor Adam G 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the prognostic capacity of individual hop tests, hop test batteries and other unilateral functional performance tests following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis.Data sourcesSix databases searched up to June 2021.Eligibility criteriaStudies reporting associations between unilateral lower-limb function (eg, hop tests) following ACL injury and future (≥3 months) knee-related outcomes.ResultsOf 42 included studies (13 150 participants), all assessed the single-forward hop test and 32 assessed a repeated-forward hop test (crossover hop, triple hop, 6m-timed hop), mostly within a year after ACL injury/reconstruction. Results of meta-analyses indicated that higher single-forward and repeated-forward hop limb symmetry were associated with higher odds of return-to-sport 1–3 years post-ACL reconstruction (OR 2.15; 95% CI 1.30 to 3.54; OR 2.11; 95% CI 1.23 to 3.60, respectively). Higher single-forward and repeated-forward hop limb symmetry was associated with better self-reported symptoms and function 1–37 years after ACL injury (OR 2.51; 95% CI 1.62 to 3.88; OR 4.28; 95% CI 1.65 to 11.08, respectively). Higher limb symmetry on a repeated-forward hop does not appear to be associated with higher odds of successful rehabilitation without ACL reconstruction (OR 1.51; 95% CI 0.94 to 2.44). Achieving ≥90% limb symmetry on the single-forward hop was associated with reduced odds of knee osteoarthritis 5–37 years after ACL injury (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.94).ConclusionVery low certainty evidence suggests single-forward and repeated-forward hop tests are prognostic indicators for important knee-related outcomes in individuals after ACL injury and may help stratify individuals at risk of poor outcomes to target rehabilitation interventions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018092197.
Postmaterialism and Corporate Tax Avoidance
Authors: Cui Yujia , Wang Jiwei , Ye Kangtao 
Published: January 2023

SynopsisThe research problemThis paper explores the association between postmaterialistic culture and corporate tax-avoidance behavior.MotivationAlthough corporate tax avoidance is prevalent, the degree of tax avoidance varies across countries. Previous studies have suggested that national culture is associated with the level of tax avoidance (e.g., corruption culture in [DeBacker, J., Heim, B. T., & Tran, A. (2015). Importing corruption culture from overseas: Evidence from corporate tax evasion in the United States. Journal of Financial Economics, 117(1), 122–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2012.11.009 ], and societal trust in [Kanagaretnam, K., Lee, J., Lim, C. Y., & Lobo, G. J. (2018). Societal trust and corporate tax avoidance. Review of Accounting Studies, 23(4), 1588–1628. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-018-9466-y ], among others). Unlike prior studies focusing on longstanding cultural factors, this paper examined the association between corporate tax avoidance and an important current culture trend, i.e., postmaterialistic culture.The test hypothesesThere is no association between postmaterialistic culture and corporate tax avoidance.Target populationVarious stakeholders that care about corporate tax avoidance including the government, policymakers, investors, auditors, and firm managers.Adopted methodologyLinear Probability Model and Ordinary Least Squares regressions.AnalysesWe examined the association between postmaterialistic culture and corporate tax-avoidance behavior. We used a proprietary dataset of China tax audits spanning the 2011–2014 period and tested the moderating effect of tax enforcement. We also examined the external validity of our results using a cross-country sample from 21 countries over the 1993–2014 period.FindingsUsing a proprietary dataset of China tax audits, we found that firms owned by investors from countries with higher postmaterialism values were less likely to engage in tax-avoidance behavior in China. In addition, we found some evidence that the negative association between postmaterialism and tax avoidance is more pronounced when tax enforcement is stronger, indicating that national culture and formal institutions act as complements. To check the external validity of our main results, we further used a cross-country sample from 21 countries over 22 years. The evidence from the cross-country sample was consistent with the findings obtained from the China tax audits setting.
What is Data Science?
Authors: Mike Koby , Hazzan Orit 
Published: January 2023

The
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Koby Mike and Orit Hazzan consider why multiple definitions are needed to pin down data science.
Dissecting American Fuzzy Lop: A FuzzBench Evaluation
Authors: Fioraldi Andrea , Mantovani Alessandro , Maier Dominik , Balzarotti Davide 
Published: January 2023

AFL is one of the most used and extended fuzzers, adopted by industry and academic researchers alike. Although the community agrees on AFL’s effectiveness at discovering new vulnerabilities and its outstanding usability, many of its internal design choices remain untested to date. Security practitioners often clone the project “as-is” and use it as a starting point to develop new techniques, usually taking everything under the hood for granted. Instead, we believe that a careful analysis of the different parameters could help modern fuzzers improve their performance and explain how each choice can affect the outcome of security testing, either negatively or positively.
The goal of this work is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the internal mechanisms of AFL by performing experiments and by comparing different metrics used to evaluate fuzzers. This can help to show the effectiveness of some techniques and to clarify which aspects are instead outdated. To perform our study, we performed nine unique experiments that we carried out on the popular Fuzzbench platform. Each test focuses on a different aspect of AFL, ranging from its mutation approach to the feedback encoding scheme and its scheduling methodologies.
Our findings show that each design choice affects different factors of AFL. Some of these are positively correlated with the number of detected bugs or the coverage of the target application, whereas other features are related to usability and reliability. Most important, we believe that the outcome of our experiments indicates which parts of AFL we should preserve in the design of modern fuzzers.
SWI/SNF Blockade Disrupts PU.1-Directed Enhancer Programs in Normal Hematopoietic Cells and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Chambers Courtney , Cermakova Katerina , Chan Yuen San , Kurtz Kristen , Wohlan Katharina , Lewis Andrew Henry , Wang Christiana , Pham Anh , Dejmek Milan , Sala Michal , Loeza Cabrera Mario , Aguilar Rogelio , Nencka Radim , Lacorazza H. Daniel , Rau Rachel E. , Hodges H. Courtney 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn acute myeloid leukemia (AML), SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes sustain leukemic identity by driving high levels of MYC. Previous studies have implicated the hematopoietic transcription factor PU.1 (SPI1) as an important target of SWI/SNF inhibition, but PU.1 is widely regarded to have pioneer-like activity. As a result, many questions have remained regarding the interplay between PU.1 and SWI/SNF in AML as well as normal hematopoiesis. Here we found that PU.1 binds to most of its targets in a SWI/SNF-independent manner and recruits SWI/SNF to promote accessibility for other AML core regulatory factors, including RUNX1, LMO2, and MEIS1. SWI/SNF inhibition in AML cells reduced DNA accessibility and binding of these factors at PU.1 sites and redistributed PU.1 to promoters. Analysis of nontumor hematopoietic cells revealed that similar effects also impair PU.1-dependent B-cell and monocyte populations. Nevertheless, SWI/SNF inhibition induced profound therapeutic response in an immunocompetent AML mouse model as well as in primary human AML samples. In vivo, SWI/SNF inhibition promoted leukemic differentiation and reduced the leukemic stem cell burden in bone marrow but also induced leukopenia. These results reveal a variable therapeutic window for SWI/SNF blockade in AML and highlight important off-tumor effects of such therapies in immunocompetent settings.Significance:Disruption of PU.1-directed enhancer programs upon SWI/SNF inhibition causes differentiation of AML cells and induces leukopenia of PU.1-dependent B cells and monocytes, revealing the on- and off-tumor effects of SWI/SNF blockade.
Effectiveness on the Use of Blended Learning Approach (BLA): Its Implications on the Students’ Performance
Authors: Vilo Anna Marie Ewican , Taha Hapifa Sakilan 
Published: January 2023

The study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of Blended Learning Approach (BLA) and its implication on the students’ performance. The study utilized the descriptive-evaluative research design and it was conducted at Sultan Kudarat State University-Kalamansig Campus. Further, this study utilized simple random sampling to select the number of respondents. Twenty-three (23) teachers and twenty-nine (29) students during the 2nd semester, A.Y 2020-2021 were used as the respondents of the study. A researchers-made questionnaire was utilized to collect the data. The data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Software V21 x64. Statistical tools used were the frequency and percentages counts, mean, and grand mean. The Pearson-Product moment correlation coefficient was also utilized.
The level of effectiveness of blended learning approach was fairly effective as assessed by both teachers and students. The students’ performance was described as above average. Further, the effectiveness on the use of blended learning approach has a significant relationship with the students’ performance.
It is recommended that that the teachers’ expertise in using the said approach is indispensable. Thus, the SKSU-Kalamansig campus must maintain if not improve their performance in using the blended learning approach in various field of disciplines. Further, the institution must design a monitoring strategy relative on the use of blended learning approach for the sustainability of its effectiveness in developing students’ performance.
A Physical Explanation for Ocean Air–Water Warming Differences under CO2-Forced Warming
Authors: Richardson Mark T. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Modeled global warming is often quantified using global near-surface air temperature (Tas). Meanwhile, long-term temperature datasets combine observations of Tas over land with sea surface temperature (SST) over ocean. Modeled ocean Tas warms more than SST, which can bias model–observation comparisons. Skin temperature (Ts), which is typically warmer than Tas, follows SST changes so the ocean surface temperature discontinuity δTs = Ts − Tas decreases with warming. Here I show that under CO2 forcing, decreased δTs is consistently simulated for nonpolar ocean within ±60°S/N, but not for other regions. I investigate the causes of oceanic δTs decrease using a LongRunMIP climate simulation, radiative kernels, and standard methods for diagnosing forcing and feedbacks from the CMIP5 ensemble. CO2 forcing establishes longwave heating of the lower atmosphere and subsequent adjustments that result in a small Tas increase, and therefore a δTs decrease. During the subsequent warming in response to CO2 forcing, the model-mean surface evaporation feedback is 3.6 W m−2 °C−1 over oceans, which reduces Ts warming relative to Tas and further shrinks δTs. Present-day forcing and feedback contributions are of similar magnitude, and both contribute to small differences in model–observation comparisons of global warming rates when these differences are not accounted for.

Significance Statement
Earth’s surface skin temperature is generally warmer than that of the air just above, and this discontinuity drives upward turbulent heat fluxes. Under global warming, climate models consistently show that over oceans, the air above warms more than the water below. This causes issues when comparing model output and observational temperature records, since observational records blend land air and ocean water temperature. It also affects understanding of how surface energy and moisture fluxes will change with warming. Observational data are currently too uncertain to confidently support or refute this model behavior, and the IPCC recently noted that “there is no simple explanation based on physical grounds alone for how this difference responds to climate change.” This study provides such an explanation for changes over ocean, and shows that this result applies only to nonpolar oceans.
Texting or face-to-face for support-seeking in romantic relationships: The role of affordances and attachment
Authors: Chen Y. Anthony , Lu Runzhi Mary 
Published: January 2023

Support-seeking, a critical and strategic function of close relationships, is increasingly practiced via texting. Guided by attachment theory and an affordance-centric approach, this study investigated to what extent individuals in a romantic relationship would use texting and face-to-face for support-seeking, and what stimulates their interest in mediated support-seeking. A survey of college students in exclusive romantic relationships ( N = 211) found that several affordances (i.e., accessibility, the availability of social cues, and conversation control) were associated with varying levels of interest in texting or face-to-face for support-seeking. Both accessibility and the availability of social cues were perceived as less important by avoidant individuals, which was related to a lack of interest in texting and face-to-face interactions for support-seeking. Anxious individuals valued the availability of social cues more, which led to a greater interest in face-to-face interactions when seeking assistance. These findings contribute to a better understanding of support-seeking behavior in today’s mediated world.