bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep duration and inflammatory mediator levels associated with long‐term prognosis in temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Kim Yibee , Son Chunghwan , Park Yoon Kyung , Jo Jung Hwan , Park Ji Woon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundSleep disturbance is a systemic symptom and at the same time a major modulating factor of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Inflammation is known as a underlying mechanism involved in both poor sleep and increased pain.ObjectiveThe relationship between long‐term clinical characteristics and hematologic biomarkers of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity and inflammation in TMD patients according to sleep duration was investigated to verify the possible role of sleep disturbance and systemic inflammation in TMD.Materials and methodsInflammatory and stress mediator levels of venous blood samples were investigated in 63 female TMD patients along with comorbidity levels including stress, somatization, autonomic symptoms and sleep quality based on structured questionnaires. Differences in long‐term clinical characteristics and hematologic variables following conservative treatment were analysed according to total sleep time as normal, short and long sleep groups. Also, clinical and hematologic indices related to favourable treatment response were sought out.ResultsSignificantly less patients in the long sleep group reported pain on voluntary mandibular movement (p = .042) while depression (p = .043) and somatization levels (p = .002) were significantly higher in the short sleep group. Norepinephrine levels of the long sleep group were significantly lower than other groups. Decrease in pain intensity with treatment was smallest in the short sleep group. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was associated with significant pain improvement at 3 months post‐treatment and interleukin‐1β, ‐4, and ‐8 levels could predict favourable treatment response.ConclusionShort sleep is associated with more comorbidities and unfavourable long‐term treatment response in TMD which may be mediated by systemic inflammation. Effective management of sleep is necessary for successful TMD management.
First case of Rhinocladiella mackenziei brain abscess in Turkey: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kucukkaya Ilvana Caklovica , Gulsever Cafer Ikbal , Dolas Ilyas , Genc Gonca Erkose , Kuskucu Mert Ahmet , Sabanci Pulat Akin , Erturan Zayre 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRhinocladiella mackenziei is a highly neurotropic fungus, mainly reported from the Middle East. However, in recent years, there have been some cases from outside this region. We described an additional fatal case of R. mackenziei cerebral infection for the first time from Turkey and made a literature review of all previously reported cases. During 34 years (1988–2022), there have been 42 R. mackenziei brain abscess cases. Most patients have been reported from Saudi Arabia (n = 14, 33.3%). It is noteworthy that 40.5% of patients, including our case, were immunocompetent at initial diagnosis and mostly presented with a single lesion (n = 10, 23.8%). The most frequent comorbidities were solid organ transplant (n = 9, 21.4%), diabetes mellitus (n = 6, 14.3%), malignancy (n = 6, 14.3%) and prior surgery (n = 3, 7.1%). The most commonly used initial antifungal regimen were amphotericin B together with itraconazole (n = 9, 21.4%), combinations of lipid preparations of amphotericin B, voriconazole and/or posaconazole (n = 9, 21.4%) and amphotericin B alone (n = 8, 19%). Although both surgical procedures and antifungal medication in the majority of patients were performed, mortality rates remained high (90.4%). The area at risk of R. mackenziei cerebral abscess cases extends to other countries. Clinicians should be aware of this emerging disease and take a detailed travel history in patients with atypical and undocumented brain abscesses. Our case confirms the hypothesis that this fungus might spread more widely than previously predicted regions.
Cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome with a novel missense variant in SLC6A8 gene
Authors: Turan Betül , Göktaş Emine , Sönmez F. Mujgan , Aydin Halil Ibrahim , Aydogdu Demet , Zamani Ayse Gul , Yildirim Mahmut Selman 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCerebral creatine deficiency syndromes (CCDS) are three metabolic diseases characterized by loss of function in three proteins (GATM, GAMT, and SLC6A8) that required in creatine (Cr) synthesis pathway and transport. In this study, we aimed to identify the causal variant in a male who was 12‐year‐old manifesting intellectual disability (ID), seizures, expressive dysphasia and autism‐like behavior. Urinary Cr metabolite measurements and MRI‐spectroscopy (MRS) findings were consistent with CCDS. Molecular analysis revealed de novo hemizygous SLC6A8 (NM_005629.4): c.1400 T > G (p.Met467Arg) variant. The variant was not found in ClinVar, (the date of access: April 23th, 2023) and population databases (ExAC, gnomAD, 1000 Genomes, ESP 6500, Turkish Variome, GenomeAsia, Iranome, GME Variome, TOPMed Bravo and 4.7KJPN), it alters the physicochemical properties of the amino acid, the region is moderately conserved across species and in‐silico prediction tools (REVEL, CADD, SIFT, PolyPhen2, Mutation Taster, MetaLR, MCAP, MetaRNN and MutPred) unanimously emphasize pathogenicity. Based on this evidence, the variant was interpreted as “likely pathogenic” according to the ACMG criteria (PS2, PM2,PP3, and PP4‐S). This report may further elucidate the nature and phenotypic consequences of SLC6A8 variants.
Re‐examining the evidence for the mother tree hypothesis – resource sharing among trees via ectomycorrhizal networks
Authors: Henriksson Nils , Marshall John , Högberg Mona N. , Högberg Peter , Polle Andrea , Franklin Oskar , Näsholm Torgny 
Published: May 2023

SummarySeminal scientific papers positing that mycorrhizal fungal networks can distribute carbon (C) among plants have stimulated a popular narrative that overstory trees, or ‘mother trees’, support the growth of seedlings in this way. This narrative has far‐reaching implications for our understanding of forest ecology and has been controversial in the scientific community. We review the current understanding of ectomycorrhizal C metabolism and observations on forest regeneration that make the mother tree narrative debatable. We then re‐examine data and conclusions from publications that underlie the mother tree hypothesis. Isotopic labeling methods are uniquely suited for studying element fluxes through ecosystems, but the complexity of mycorrhizal symbiosis, low detection limits, and small carbon discrimination in biological processes can cause researchers to make important inferences based on miniscule shifts in isotopic abundance, which can be misleading. We conclude that evidence of a significant net C transfer via common mycorrhizal networks that benefits the recipients is still lacking. Furthermore, a role for fungi as a C pipeline between trees is difficult to reconcile with any adaptive advantages for the fungi. Finally, the hypothesis is neither supported by boreal forest regeneration patterns nor consistent with the understanding of physiological mechanisms controlling mycorrhizal symbiosis.
Genomics of turions from the Greater Duckweed reveal its pathways for dormancy and re‐emergence strategy
Authors: Pasaribu Buntora , Acosta Kenneth , Aylward Anthony , Liang Yuanxue , Abramson Bradley W. , Colt Kelly , Hartwick Nolan T. , Shanklin John , Michael Todd P. , Lam Eric 
Published: May 2023

Summary

Over 15 families of aquatic plants are known to use a strategy of developmental switching upon environmental stress to produce dormant propagules called turions. However, few molecular details for turion biology have been elucidated due to the difficulties in isolating high‐quality nucleic acids from this tissue.

We successfully developed a new protocol to isolate high‐quality transcripts and carried out RNA‐seq analysis of mature turions from the Greater Duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza. Comparison of turion transcriptomes to that of fronds, the actively growing leaf‐like tissue, were carried out.

Bioinformatic analysis of high confidence, differentially expressed transcripts between frond and mature turion tissues revealed major pathways related to stress tolerance, starch and lipid metabolism, and dormancy that are mobilized to reprogram frond meristems for turion differentiation. We identified the key genes that are likely to drive starch and lipid accumulation during turion formation, as well as those in pathways for starch and lipid utilization upon turion germination. Comparison of genome‐wide cytosine methylation levels also revealed evidence for epigenetic changes in the formation of turion tissues.

Similarities between turions and seeds provide evidence that key regulators for seed maturation and germination were retooled for their function in turion biology.
Priming grapevine with lipopolysaccharide confers systemic resistance to Pierce's disease and identifies a peroxidase linked to defense priming
Authors: Castro Claudia , Massonnet Mélanie , Her Nancy , DiSalvo Biagio , Jablonska Barbara , Jeske Daniel R. , Cantu Dario , Roper M. Caroline 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Priming is an adaptive mechanism that fortifies plant defense by enhancing activation of induced defense responses following pathogen challenge. Microorganisms have signature microbe‐associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that induce the primed state. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) MAMP isolated from the xylem‐limited pathogenic bacterium, Xylella fastidiosa, acts as a priming stimulus in Vitis vinifera grapevines. Grapevines primed with LPS developed significantly less internal tyloses and external disease symptoms than naive vines.
Differential gene expression analysis indicated major transcriptomic reprogramming during the priming and postpathogen challenge phases. Furthermore, the number of differentially expressed genes increased temporally and spatially in primed vines, but not in naive vines during the postpathogen challenge phase.
Using a weighted gene co‐expression analysis, we determined that primed vines have more genes that are co‐expressed in both local and systemic petioles than naive vines indicating an inherent synchronicity that underlies the systemic response to this vascular pathogen specific to primed plants.
We identified a cationic peroxidase, VviCP1, that was upregulated during the priming and postpathogen challenge phases in an LPS‐dependent manner. Transgenic expression of VviCP1 conferred significant disease resistance, thus, demonstrating that grapevine is a robust model for mining and expressing genes linked to defense priming and disease resistance.
Early Years Multi‐grade Classes and Pupil Attainment*
Authors: Borbely Daniel , Gehrsitz Markus , McIntyre Stuart , Rossi Gennaro , Roy Graeme 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe study the effect of exposure to older, more experienced, classroom peers resulting from the widespread use of multi‐grade classes in Scottish primary schools. For identification, we exploit that a class‐planning algorithm quasi‐randomly assigns groups of pupils to multi‐grade classes. We find that school‐starters benefit from exposure to second‐graders in measures of numeracy and literacy. We do not find any evidence that these gains are driven by smaller class sizes or more parental input. While short‐lived, these benefits accrue independent of socioeconomic background, to boys and girls alike, and our results provide no evidence that they come at the expense of older peers from the preceding cohort.
Only Children and Cognitive Ability in Childhood: A Cross‐Cohort Analysis over 50 Years in the United Kingdom
Authors: Goisis Alice , Chanfreau Jenny , Moulton Vanessa , Ploubidis George B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOnly children's uniqueness has intrigued researchers for decades, but many gaps in knowledge remain as to whether only children differ from children who have siblings. We use data from four British birth cohorts (born in 1946, 1958, 1970, 2000–2002) to investigate cross‐cohort differences in the composition of only child families and whether the association between being an only child and cognitive ability in childhood has changed over time. Only children show similar scores to children from two child families and higher scores than children with two or more siblings across each of the cohorts analyzed. However, the results also show that—consistent with the finding that, across cohorts, the composition of the only child group has become more associated with social disadvantage—the “only child advantage” has weakened when comparing the most recent birth cohort to the older ones. Adjustment by family sociodemographic characteristics attenuates within and cross‐cohort differences. Moreover, the results show that the cognitive advantages associated with being an only child vary considerably by whether the cohort member has been exposed to parental separation or is growing up in a family with lower socioeconomic status. The results highlight diversity in being an only child whose characteristics are conditional on changes throughout time and society.
A dramatic decline in fruit citrate induced by mutagenesis of a NAC transcription factor, AcNAC1
Authors: Fu Bei‐ling , Wang Wen‐qiu , Li Xiang , Qi Tong‐hui , Shen Qiu‐fang , Li Kun‐feng , Liu Xiao‐fen , Li Shao‐jia , Allan Andrew C. , Yin Xue‐ren 
Published: May 2023

SummaryCitrate is a common primary metabolite which often characterizes fruit flavour. The key regulators of citrate accumulation in fruit and vegetables are poorly understood. We systematically analysed the dynamic profiles of organic acid components during the development of kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.). Citrate continuously accumulated so that it became the predominate contributor to total acidity at harvest. Based on a co‐expression network analysis using different kiwifruit cultivars, an Al‐ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER gene (AcALMT1) was identified as a candidate responsible for citrate accumulation. Electrophysiological assays using expression of this gene in Xenopus oocytes revealed that AcALMT1 functions as a citrate transporter. Additionally, transient overexpression of AcALMT1 in kiwifruit significantly increased citrate content, while tissues showing higher AcALMT1 expression accumulated more citrate. The expression of AcALMT1 was highly correlated with 17 transcription factor candidates. However, dual‐luciferase and EMSA assays indicated that only the NAC transcription factor, AcNAC1, activated AcALMT1 expression via direct binding to its promoter. Targeted CRISPR‐Cas9‐induced mutagenesis of AcNAC1 in kiwifruit resulted in dramatic declines in citrate levels while malate and quinate levels were not substantially affected. Our findings show that transcriptional regulation of a major citrate transporter, by a NAC transcription factor, is responsible for citrate accumulation in kiwifruit, which has broad implications for other fruits and vegetables.
Governing resettlement beyond safety: Multilevel governance as a model for sustainable resettlement of unaccompanied refugee children in rural Sweden?
Authors: Asztalos Morell Ildikó 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article explores the sustainability of the resettlement of unaccompanied refugee children from their perspective. Against the backdrop of a critical assessment of the multilevel governance of resettlement, it compares two rural municipalities. Unaccompanied refugee children in the municipality with a disempowering local governance model were hindered to engage with civil society, while in the municipality with an enabling model, their integration was enhanced. Achieving safety by legal residency does not by itself resolve the liminalities of belonging to unaccompanied refugee children. Beyond positive engagement by professionals, supporting encounters with civil society were found to enhance integration and belonging, while the lack of these strengthened marginalities. Unaccompanied refugee children resettlement is largely influenced by the benevolence of local actors when the state vacates its responsibility to co‐ordinate efforts. While civil society has an important role to play, a helping civil society cannot be assumed. Tensions rose also due to the collision between institutional styles. The marketisation of refugee reception at the national level led to loss of ability to plan schooling in rural municipalities, reinforcing practices of physical and symbolic segregation of children in the refugee context education. These accounts shed also light on the resilience of unaccompanied refugee children encountering local resettlement efforts emerging in the context of increasingly securitised asylum policies.
Molecular characterization of vancomycin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine milk
Authors: Muzammil Iqra , Ijaz Muhammad , Saleem Muhammad Hassan , Ali Muhammad Muddassir 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVancomycin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) is a zoonotic life‐threatening pathogen. Vancomycin exhibits anti‐bacterial activity by inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis by binding to the D‐ala‐D‐ala terminus of the peptidoglycan. But in VRSA, D‐ala‐D‐ala is replaced by D‐ala‐D‐lactate due to the presence of vanA, vanB or vanD genes. This study was intended to identify the molecular prevalence of VRSA in 768 bovine milk samples, risk factor association, antibiogram profile and bioinformatics analysis of VRSA by targeting vanB gene. Out of a total of 248 S. aureus isolates from mastitic milk samples, the phenotypic and genotypic prevalence of VRSA was estimated to be 17.74% and 10.89%, respectively. Farm‐level risk factors including use of improper milking technique, lack of milker's care during milking, unhygienic conditions during milking and no dry cow therapy were found to be significantly associated (p < 0.05). Anti‐microbial susceptibility testing of VRSA isolates exhibited the highest resistance to oxytetracycline, followed by oxacillin and Trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole. The current study sequences showed more resemblance with reported sequences from Iraq (MN747834) and Egypt (MK095504, MK087830), which belong to vanB gene from S. aureus as compared to sequences from other countries, which belong to vanB gene from the genus Enterococcus. The Genetic Algorithm for Recombination Detection (GARD) found 234 potential breakpoints, translating into a search room of 123,883,305 models with up to 4 breakpoints. The phylogenetic motif profiling method discovered evolutionarily conserved residues across target genes' homologous protein sequences. These residues were discovered to be conserved in drug‐resistant target proteins over the evolutionary process and may play a key role in their function. The current study revealed a molecular prevalence of VRSA in dairy animals, along with molecular analysis of vancomycin resistance in S. aureus by targeting the vanB gene using standard bioinformatics tools. The occurrence of VRSA in animals requires serious attention because this pathogen has zoonotic potential, so it can become a greater risk to consumer health.
Helson zeta functions for characters with finitely many values
Authors: Bochkov I. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe show that the analytic continuations of Helson zeta functions can have essentially arbitrary poles and zeroes in the strip (unconditionally), and in the whole critical strip under Riemann Hypothesis, with the function taking values in cubic roots of unity. If the sets of zeroes and poles are symmetric with respect to the real axis, the same can be achieved with taking values . The proof is constructive.
Kindy Moves: the feasibility of an intensive interdisciplinary programme on goal and motor outcomes for preschool-aged children with neurodisabilities requiring daily equipment and physical assistance
Authors: Haddon Matthew , West Loren , Elliott Catherine , Walmsley Corrin , Valentine Jane , Bear Natasha , Pool Dayna 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesTo determine the feasibility of an intensive interdisciplinary programme in improving goal and motor outcomes for preschool-aged children with non-progressive neurodisabilities. The primary hypothesis was that the intervention would be feasible.DesignA single group feasibility study.SettingAn Australian paediatric community therapy provider.ParticipantsForty children were recruited. Inclusion criteria were age 2–5 years with a non-progressive neurodisability, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels III–V or equivalent, and goals relating to mobility, communication and upper limb function. Exclusion criteria included orthopaedic surgery in the past 6 months, unstable hip subluxation, uncontrolled seizure disorder or treadmill training in the past month.InterventionA goal-directed programme of three 2-hour sessions per week for 4 weeks (24 hours total). This consisted of treadmill and overground walking, communication practice, and upper limb tasks tailored by an interdisciplinary team.Primary and secondary outcome measuresLimited-efficacy measures from preintervention (T1) to postintervention (T2) and 4-week follow-up (T3) included the Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS), Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66) and 10-Metre Walk Test (10MWT). Acceptability, demand, implementation and practicality were also explored.ResultsThere were improvements at T2 compared with T1 for all limited-efficacy measures. The GAS improved at T2 (mean difference (MD) 27.7, 95% CI 25.8 to 29.5) as well as COPM performance (MD 3.2, 95% CI 2.8 to 3.6) and satisfaction (MD 3.3, 95% CI 2.8 to 3.8). The GMFM-66 (MD 2.3, 95% CI 1.0 to 3.5) and 10MWT (median difference −2.3, 95% CI −28.8 to 0.0) improved at T2. Almost all improvements were maintained at T3. Other feasibility components were also demonstrated. There were no adverse events.ConclusionsAn intensive interdisciplinary programme is feasible in improving goal and motor outcomes for preschool children with neurodisabilities (GMFCS III–V or equivalent). A randomised controlled trial is warranted to establish efficacy.Trial registration numberACTRN12619000064101.