bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The search finds an end: the morphologically chimeric hysterocinetids belong to the subclass Hymenostomatia (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea)
Authors: Obert Tomáš , Zhang Tengyue , Vďačný Peter 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The digestive tract of oligochaetes harbours a diverse ciliate community embracing plagiotomids, nyctotherids, astomes, and hysterocinetids. Although several hundred intestinal ciliate species are known, only two hysterocinetids have been reported from the intestine of Holarctic lumbricid earthworms hitherto. The present study is focused on the taxonomy, morphology, and molecular phylogeny of two lumbricid-dwelling taxa, the insufficiently known Protoptychostomum simplex and Hysterocineta bellerophon sp. nov., detected in Central Europe. Diagnoses of the genera Protoptychostomum and Hysterocineta were improved taking into account also features of the oral ciliature for the first time. In the past, the proper classification of hysterocinetids in the class Oligohymenophorea was hampered by the dramatic remodelling of the anterior body end into a thigmotactic sucker, as well as by the helicalization and transfer of the oral apparatus to the posterior body pole. The present phylogenetic analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial genes robustly reject the classification of hysterocinetids in subclass Scuticociliatia or as a distinct subclass, Hysterocinetia. However, hysterocinetids were consistently and robustly nested deep in subclass Hymenostomatia in a sister-position to the free-living Tetrahymena paravorax. The hymenostome affinity of hysterocinetids is also corroborated by the parakinetal stomatogenesis and the stichodyad paroral membrane accompanied by three regularly organized membranelles.
The Self-Stigma of Hearing Loss in Adults and Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: da Silva Jamile Cabral , de Araujo Cristiano Miranda , Lüders Debora , Santos Rosane Sampaio , Moreira de Lacerda Adriana Bender , José Maria Renata , Guarinello Ana Cristina 
Published: June 2023

Objectives:
Previous studies have demonstrated that individuals with hearing loss can internalize social stigmas, resulting in several self-perceived negative connotations, such as incompetence, cognitive impairment, and social disability. This systematic review aimed to investigate the impact of the social stigma associated with hearing loss on the self-stigma experienced by adults and older adults.

Design:
Combinations of words and appropriate truncations were selected and adjusted specifically for each electronic database. The Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcomes, and Study Characteristics strategy was used to delimit the scope of the review, bearing in mind the importance of a well-formulated research question.

Results:
A total of 953 articles were retrieved from the final search of each database. Thirty-four studies were selected for full-text reading. Thirteen were excluded, and 21 studies were ultimately included in this review. The results of this review were divided into three themes: (1) impact of social stigmas on self-stigma, (2) effect of emotions on self-stigma, and (3) other factors that impact self-stigma. The themes were related to the relationship between the individual and social perceptions reported by the participants with respect to their hearing experiences.

Conclusions:
Our results suggest that the impact of social stigma associated with hearing loss on the self-stigma of adults and older adults is strongly associated with the effects of aging and hearing loss, which may lead to withdrawal, social segregation, and negative self-perception.
Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusions Supplemented With Cellular or Noncellular Allografts Have Similar Radiographic Fusion and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Zakko Philip , Blankenship Andrew , Jawad Ali , Kasir Rafid , Lee Maximillian , Park Daniel 
Published: June 2023

Study Design:
A retrospective, single-center study.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess radiographic fusion after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) supplemented with either demineralized bone matrix or ViviGen in a polyetheretherketone biomechanical interbody cage.

Summary of Background Data:
Cellular and noncellular allografts are utilized as adjuncts in attempts to improve fusion after ACDF. The purpose of this study was to assess radiographic fusion and clinical outcomes after ACDF supplemented with cellular or noncellular allografts.

Materials and Methods:
A single surgeon’s clinical practice database was interrogated for consecutive patients who underwent a primary ACDF using cellular or noncellular allograft from 2017 to 2019. These subjects were matched by age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, and levels operated. Patient demographic and preoperative and postoperative patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) including Visual Analog Scale Pain, Neck Disability Index, EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D), Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), and Eating Assessment Tool 10 were collected preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Radiographic evidence of fusion was determined by <2 mm motion between spinous processes on flexion and extension radiographs and assessing bony bridging at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.

Results:
There were 68 total patients, with 34 patients in each group, and 69 and 67 operative levels in the cellular and noncellular allograft groups, respectively. There was no difference in age, sex, body mass index, or smoking status between groups (P>0.05). There was no difference in number of 1-level, 2-level, 3-level, or 4-level ACDFs between cellular and noncellular groups (P>0.05). At 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, there was no difference in the percent of operated levels with <2 mm motion between spinous processes, complete bony bridging, or both <2 mm motion and complete bony bridging in the cellular and noncellular groups (P>0.05). There was no difference in the number of patients fused at all operated levels at 3, 6, or 12 months postoperatively (P>0.05). No patient required revision ACDF for symptomatic pseudarthrosis. There was no significant difference in PROMs between the cellular and noncellular groups at 12 months postoperatively except for improved EQ-5D and PROMIS-physical in the cellular compared with noncellular group (P=0.03).

Conclusions:
Similar radiographic fusion rates were achieved with cellular and noncellular allografts at all operated levels with similar PROMs in the cellular and noncellular groups at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Thus, ACDFs supplemented with cellular allograft demonstrate adequate radiographic fusion rates when compared with noncellular allografts with similar patient outcomes.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Role of Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group D Member 1 in the Proliferation, Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell, and Vascular Intimal Hyperplasia
Authors: Wang Mingliang , Qiu Chenming , Pan Quanrong , Yang Yongjian , Yang Dachun , Sun Xiongshan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
Excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) cause neointimal hyperplasia after percutaneous vascular interventions. Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1), a crucial member of circadian clock, is involved in the regulation of atherosclerosis and cellular proliferation. However, whether NR1D1 affects vascular neointimal hyperplasia remains unclear. In this study, we found that activating NR1D1 reduced injury-induced vascular neointimal hyperplasia. Overexpression of NR1D1 reduced the number of Ki-67-positive VSMCs and migrated VSMCs after platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB treatment. Mechanistically, NR1D1 suppressed the phosphorylation of AKT and 2 main effectors of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), S6, and 4EBP1 in PDGF-BB-challenged VSMCs. Re-activation of mTORC1 by Tuberous sclerosis 1 siRNA (siTsc1) and re-activation of AKT by SC-79 abolished NR1D1-mediated inhibitory effects on proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Moreover, decreased mTORC1 activity induced by NR1D1 was also reversed by SC-79. Simultaneously, Tsc1 knockdown abolished the vascular protective effects of NR1D1 in vivo. In conclusion, NR1D1 reduces vascular neointimal hyperplasia by suppressing proliferation and migration of VSMCs in an AKT/mTORC1-dependent manner.
Clear Cell Hidroacanthoma Simplex: A Case Report
Authors: Shao Ya-Kun , Chang Jian-Min 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Hidroacanthoma simplex (HAS) is a benign eccrine adnexal neoplasm without characteristic clinical manifestations. Histopathologically, basaloid and poroid cell nests with ductal structure constitute the gold standard for diagnose.
We herein report a extremely rare subtype of HAS with clear cell infiltration under hematoxylin-eosin staining.

Case presentation:
A 70-year-old woman gradually developed an asymptomatic proliferative lesion for 4 years. The tumor was surgically removed without recurrence. Histopathologic results showed intraepidermal poroid cell nests with lumina-like structures. While, cells in the center of the tumor showed obvious abnormal transparency of the cytoplasm, forming clear cells. PAS glycogen staining showed diffusely positive.

Discussion:
Hidroacanthoma simplex is an intraepidermal epithelioma, forming by acanthotic epidermis and cystic or ductal structure. Theoretically, HAS tumor cells lack of the ability to secrete cellular glycogen and lipid, and thus cannot further form clear cells. Thus, the initiating factor of its generation and its meaning of existence need to be further discussed. Besides, diseases requiring identification are also listed in detail.

Conclusion:
Clear cell hidroacanthoma simplex is a rare pathological subtype of HAS. Raising awareness of its various differential diagnoses, minimizing the possibility of misdiagnosis become important for dermatologists.
Cost-utility analysis of diagnostic methods for arterial hypertension in primary care for Brazil: ABPM vs. OBPM vs. HBPM
Authors: Garcia Rosana Lima , Silva Marcus Tolentino , Amaral Amaury Zatorre , Silva Giovanio Vieira 
Published: June 2023

Introduction
Arterial hypertension (AH) is diagnosed using three methods: office blood pressure measurement (OBPM), home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM), and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). No economic studies have evaluated the impact of incorporating these strategies for AH diagnosis into the Brazilian public health system.

Methods
A Markov model was created to evaluate the costs associated with AH diagnosis using the ABPM, HBPM, and OBPM. Patients were entered into the model with SBP ≥ 130 mmHg or DBP ≥ 85 mmHg obtained using OBPM. The model was based on cost, quality adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental costs per QALY. In the economic analysis, the costs were calculated from the perspective of the payer of the Brazilian public health system.

Results
In the cost-utility analysis of the three methods, ABPM was the most cost-effective strategy compared to HBPM and OBPM in all groups over 35 years of age. Compared with OBPM, ABPM was a cost-effective strategy, as it presented higher costs in all scenarios, but with better QALYs. Compared to HBPM, ABPM was the dominant strategy for all age groups, presenting lower costs and higher QALYs. When comparing HBPM with OBPM, the results were similar to those described for ABPM (i.e. it was a cost-effective strategy).

Conclusion
With a willingness-to-pay threshold of R$35 000 per QALY gained, both ABPM and HBPM are cost-effective methods compared with OBPM in all scenarios. In Brazilian healthcare facilities that currently diagnose AH using OBPM, both ABPM and HBPM may be more cost-effective choices.
Medication safety in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Singh Sonal 
Published: June 2023

Purpose of review
Several drugs cause nephrotoxicity and accelerate progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The objective of this review is to summarize recent evidence on drugs that either increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, progression of CKD or drug induced harm in patients with CKD.

Recent findings
Bisphosphonates and hypnotics increase the progression of CKD, whereas denosumab does not accelerate progression of CKD. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) increases the risk of renal tubular toxicity and adverse effects on bone, but Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and Tenofovir amibufenamide (TMF) have favorable safety profile on the kidneys and bones. Although no dosage adjustment is needed for Oral Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in patients with mild renal impairment and coronavirus disease 2019, the dosage is reduced to twice daily in those with moderate renal impairment. It is not recommended in patients with severe renal impairment. The prescribing information does not recommend use of remdesevir below glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 ml/min but recent studies suggest that remdesevir may be safe and effective in patients with varying levels of CKD severity. Molnupiravir does not require dose adjustment in patients with CKD.

Summary
Several medications increase the risk of development of acute kidney injury or progression of CKD. Close attention is needed to select the appropriate dose or safer alternatives to reduce the risk of drug-induced harm in patients with CKD.
Sex differences in renal electrolyte transport
Authors: McDonough Alicia A. , Layton Anita T. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose of review
Women experience unique life events, for example, pregnancy and lactation, that challenge renal regulation of electrolyte homeostasis. Recent analyses of nephron organization in female vs. male rodent kidneys, revealed distinct sexual dimorphisms in electrolyte transporter expression, abundance, and activity. This review aims to provide an overview of electrolyte transporters’ organization and operation in female compared with the commonly studied male kidney, and the (patho)physiologic consequences of the differences.

Recent findings
When electrolyte transporters are assessed in kidney protein homogenates from both sexes, relative transporter abundance ratios in females/males are less than one along proximal tubule and greater than one post macula densa, which is indicative of a ‘downstream shift’ in fractional reabsorption of electrolytes in females. This arrangement improves the excretion of a sodium load, challenges potassium homeostasis, and is consistent with the lower blood pressure and greater pressure natriuresis observed in premenopausal women.

Summary
We summarize recently reported new knowledge about sex differences in renal transporters: abundance and expression along nephron, implications for regulation by Na+, K+ and angiotensin II, and mathematical models of female nephron function.
Technology Innovation and Disruption in Plastic Surgery: Intelligence Quotient, Emotional Quotient, and Technology Quotient
Authors: Jeffers Lynn L. C. , Sacks Justin M. , Kinney Brian M. 
Published: June 2023

Summary:
This article is an introduction to the new PRS Tech Disruptor Series, the culmination of work originating from the Technology Innovation and Disruption Presidential Task Force. Our technology quotient is important to our success as individuals and as a specialty society. The goal of this new series is to address the broader concepts in technology as they relate to plastic surgery and thus enhance the technology quotient of readers and, in turn, of the specialty and specialty society. Critical topics related to technology, their current and future impact on plastic surgery, and the opportunities and barriers in research, education, and advocacy will be addressed. The intent is for readers to engage in dialogue and think outside the box about the current and future impact of technology.
Advances in Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Multiple Mandibular Fractures with Condylar Involvement
Authors: Bottini Gian Battista , Gaggl Alexander , Brandtner Christian 
Published: June 2023

Summary:
Multiple mandibular fractures with condylar involvement are challenging to treat. This article presents a series of steps to simplify the treatment and improve the outcomes in open reduction and internal fixation of multiple mandibular fractures with condylar involvement. Four new elements are identified: three-dimensional printing, model surgery, Kirschner wires to manipulate the segments in condylar fractures, and a top-to-bottom sequence. This algorithm has contributed to streamlining the procedure and improving the outcomes of these challenging fractures. For the same operator, reduction and osteosynthesis require approximately 40 minutes less than before the adoption of the new protocol. The authors have not encountered suboptimal reductions or situations where the screws were too long, necessitating exchange for shorter ones in revision surgery.
Utilizing Virtual Surgical Planning and Patient-Specific Cutting Guides in Microtia Repair with Autologous Costal Cartilage Graft
Authors: Pool Christopher , Moroco Annie , Lighthall Jessyka G. 
Published: June 2023

Summary:
Virtual surgical planning (VSP) has been applied to many aspects of head and neck reconstruction. The authors describe the use of VSP to create auricular templates in addition to cartilage cutting and suturing guides for microtia repair in 2 patients with unilateral and bilateral grade 3 microtia. Both patients had satisfactory aesthetic results. This technique allows for increased precision, may decrease operative time, and has good cosmetic outcomes.
Metanephric adenoma in a young female: a rare case report from Nepal
Authors: Yadav Deepak Kumar , Adhikari Mahesh Bahadur , Maharjan Bipin , Mishra Prashant , Basnet Birodh 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Metanephric adenomas (MAs) of the kidney are rare benign epithelial lesions in the kidney that have been described in the literature, mainly through case reports, representing ~0.2% of renal masses. No prior case reports have been published from Nepal. We report one such case with MA presented to our center.

Case presentation:
A 25-year-old lady presented with complaints of recurrent hematuria for the past 6 months. Ultrasound of the abdomen revealed left gross hydronephrosis and reduced left renal parenchyma. A contrast-enhanced computerized scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed a heterogeneously enhancing soft tissue density lesion 65 mm×57 mm at the left renal pelvis extending into mid calyx and distally to proximal ureter, ~34 mm distal to pelviureteric junction causing moderate hydronephrosis, likely urothelial cell carcinoma. Urine cytology was negative for malignancy. Laparoscopic left nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision lymphadenectomy was done. The histopathology report came out to be consistent with MA and the lymph nodes were negative for malignancy. Immunohistochemistry study showed that the cells were positive for PAX8. During follow-up, she did not have hematuria and her postoperative period was uneventful.

Discussion:
From this report, we want to highlight the need to consider MA as a differential diagnosis of renal mass and differentiate MA from upper tract urothelial carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, Wilms tumor, and papillary adenomas.

Conclusion:
MA is a rare renal lesion that may present as upper tract urothelial carcinoma. MA should be evaluated through histology and immunohistochemistry studies.
Evaluation of distinct molecular architectures and coordinated regulation of the catabolic pathways of oestrogenic dioctyl phthalate isomers in Gordonia sp.
Authors: Dhar Rinita , Basu Suman , Bhattacharyya Mousumi , Dutta Tapan K. 
Published: June 2023

Graphical Abstract
Biochemical and molecular analyses to reveal the regulation of catabolic pathways in the complete degradation of dioctyl phthalate isomers in

Gordonia

sp.
Development of an extraction-free LAMP method for the generic detection of Orthopoxvirus and for the specific detection of Mpox virus
Authors: Li Zhiru , Sinha Amit , Zhang Yinhua , Tanner Nathan , Cheng Hui-Ting , Premsrirut Prem , Carlow Clotilde K. S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMpox is a neglected zoonotic disease endemic in West and Central Africa. The 2022 Mpox outbreak with more than 18,000 cases worldwide generated great concern about future outbreaks and highlighted the need for a simple and rapid diagnostic test. The Mpox virus, MPXV, is a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus that also contains other pathogenic viruses including variola virus, vaccinia virus, camelpox virus, and cowpox virus. Phylogenomic analysis of all available Orthopoxvirus genomes identified 10 distinct phylogroups, with isolates from infected humans distributed across various phylogroups interspersed with isolates from animal sources, indicating the zoonotic potential of these viruses. In this study, we developed a simple and sensitive colorimetric pan-Orthopoxvirus LAMP assay for broader Orthopoxvirus detection. We also developed an MPXV-specific probe that differentiates MPXV from other Orthopoxviruses on the N1R gene which differs by only a few nucleotides. In addition, we described an extraction-free protocol for use directly with swab eluates in LAMP assays, thereby eliminating the time and resources needed to extract DNA from the sample. Our direct LAMP assays are well-suited for low-resource settings and provide a valuable tool for rapid and scalable diagnosis and surveillance of Orthopoxviruses and MPXV.
The use of text mining to obtain a historical overview of research on therapeutic drug monitoring
Authors: Matsuzaki Tetsuo , Mizoguchi Hiroyuki , Yamada Kiyofumi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTherapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a routine clinical practice used to individualize drug dosing and thereby maintain drug efficacy and minimize the consequences of overexposure. TDM is applied to many drug classes, including immunosuppressants, anticoagulants, antineoplastic agents, and antibiotics. Considerable efforts have been made to establish routine TDM practice for each drug. However, because TDM has been developed within the context of specific drugs, there is insufficient understanding of historical trends in TDM research itself.In this study, we employed text mining approaches to explore trends in the TDM research field. We first performed a PubMed search to determine which drugs and drug classes have been extensively studied in the context of TDM. This investigation revealed that the most commonly studied drugs were warfarin and cyclosporine, followed by tacrolimus, heparin, and vancomycin. In terms of drug classes, most publications focused on antineoplastic agents, anticoagulants, immunosuppressants, and antibiotics. We next used a newly developed python-based module to obtain PubMed records of publications relevant to TDM, and then subjected them to text mining. Our analyses revealed how TDM research has evolved over the years.