bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the effect of reinforcement compositions on the properties of Aluminum LM 25/h-BN/B 4 C hybrid composites
Authors: Katla Rajendar , K Eswaraiah 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of the compositions of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and boron carbide (B4C) reinforcements on the properties of aluminum matrix composites (AMC). The compositions of both the reinforcements in the Aluminum LM 25(A 356) alloy metal matrix are varied from 0 to 10% by volume. Based on the mixture design of experiment, ten AMCs are fabricated with different reinforcement compositions by the stir casting process. The microstructure, density, porosity, and hardness of these AMCs are analyzed and compared with that of unreinforced base aluminum alloy to study the effects of reinforcement composition. Microstructure analysis revealed that the reinforcements were uniformly distributed in the matrix phase with minimal agglomeration for the composites with up to 6% reinforcements. The density was found to decrease with the increase in the reinforcements due to the presence of porosities in the matrix and the addition of low-density reinforcements. With the increase in the volume percentage of reinforcements in hybrid composites, there was an increase in hardness. BC10BN0 mono composites exhibited the highest hardness value of 78.8 BHN due to the presence of hard B4C ceramic particles, whereas BC10BN0 demonstrated the lowest hardness of 57.13 BHN because of the h-BN particles having lower hardness than B4C particles. Among the hybrid composites, BC5BN5 resulted in the highest hardness, which was 26.3% higher than the base aluminum alloy. From the desirability analysis, 94.194% of LM 25, 2.389% of h-BN, and 3.417% of B4C were found to be the optimal conditions for minimizing porosity and maximizing hardness. The hybrid aluminum matrix composites developed in the present study can be utilized for automobile and aerospace applications.
Focus shaping of cylindrically polarized higher-order Generalized Spiraling Bessel beams
Authors: Halba E. M. El , Hricha Z. , Belafhal A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the focusing properties of the cylindrically polarized higher-order Generalized Spiraling Bessel beams (GSBB) by a high numerical aperture (NA) lens system are investigated based on the Richards and Wolf vectorial diffraction method. Intensity distribution of the cylindrically polarized higher-order GSBB at the focal region is derived and analyzed with numerical examples. It is shown that tailored focal patterns with a multi-ringed dark hollow profile and a flat-top profile can be achieved. The central dark region's width, the multi-ringed structure, and the peak intensity and width of the flat-topped profile can be controlled by adjusting properly the polarization rotation angle, the topological charge, the axicon base angle, and the order of the beam. The focusing properties of the beam may find applications in laser scanning microscopy, optical micro-particle trapping, and optical data storage.
Initial Experience of Thoracoscopic Segmentectomy of Basal Segment Through the Inferior Pulmonary Ligament Approach in Treating Congenital Lung Malformations in Children
Authors: Guo Rui , Liu Jike , Zhai Yunpeng , Zhao Huashan , Xu Hongxiu , Lv Longfei , Zhang Shisong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and limitations of thoracoscopic segmentectomy of the basal segment (S10).
Methods
Clinical data of 15 children with congenital lung malformations (CLM) who underwent thoracoscopic segmentectomy of S10 via the inferior pulmonary ligament approach from January to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The demographics, clinical presentation, intraoperative time, blood loss, postoperative events, and follow-up duration were assessed.
Results
All the surgeries went well. Fourteen patients underwent S10 segmentectomy, with one undergoing right S10 segmentectomy and right S6 partial wedge resection. The surgical time was 57–125 min (median, 80 min), intraoperative bleeding volume (5–20 ml; median, 10 ml), postoperative drainage tube indwelling (2–4 d; median, 3 d), and postoperative hospitalization time (4–7 d; median, 5 d). No intraoperative conversions, surgical mortalities, or major complications were observed among these patients. Subcutaneous emphysema appeared in three patients; however, it disappeared following conservative observation without pneumothorax or bronchopleural fistula occurrence.
Conclusions
Thoracoscopic segmentectomy of S10 via the inferior pulmonary ligament approach is technically feasible for treating CLM; however, this surgical approach may have certain limitations for CLM with large cysts.
Transport of Maxwell fluid in a cylindrical tube under the influence of wave amplitude
Authors: Shukla Vijay Kumar , Chandra Subhash , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this article, we investigate the flow of a Maxwell fluid induced by peristaltic waves with progressively dilating wave amplitude and examine its impact on the swallowing of a single food bolus through the oesophagus. The effect of distinct parameters on the pressure is studied under the theory of long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximations. And it is concluded that the pressure, wall shear stress and reflux increses with increasing dilation parameter.
DNA aptamers target PD-L1 and conjugate gemcitabine as a novel therapeutic strategy α β γ chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for bladder cancer....
Authors: Hu Xing , Zeng Hongliang , Peng Yongbo , Deng Minhua , Xiang Wei , Liu Biao , Liu Jiahao , Fu Yunlong , Hu Zhiqiang , Hou Weibin , Liu Xuewen , Tang Jin , Long Zhi , Wang Long , Liu Jianye 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Due to the poor stability and adverse effects of chemotherapy drugs, such as gemcitabine, the current effectiveness of traditional chemotherapy is minimal. Some patients also show a low response rate to immunotherapy. Therefore, we have designed and synthesized a novel material PD-L1-GEMs with targeted specificity. PD-L1-GEMs specifically bound to bladder cancer cells. Free gemcitabine cleaved by a phosphatase entered bladder cancer cells through the macropinocytosis pathway and induced cytotoxicity. PD-L1-GEMs showed good stability, binding specificity and significant inhibitory effects in vitro. Two bladder tumor models (subcutaneous model and in-situ model) showed inhibition of growth and progression in PD-L1-GEMs treatment, as well as good biosafety in vivo. The PD-L1 aptamer blocked the binding of PD-L1 on the tumor cell surface to PD-1 on T lymphocytes, restoring their immune function, inducing cytokine production and aggregation, and exerting an immune killing role on bladder cancer cells. PD-L1-GEMs represent a successful chemotherapy-immunotherapy strategy for bladder cancer.
Ethnic spatial dispersion and immigrant identity
Authors: Constant Amelie F. , Schüller Simone , Zimmermann Klaus F. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The role of ethnic clustering in ethnic identity formation has remained unexplored, mainly due to missing detailed data. This study closes the knowledge gap for Germany by employing a unique combination of datasets, the survey data from the German Socio-Economic Panel and disaggregated information at low geographical levels from the last two but still unexploited full German censuses, 1970 and 1987. Utilizing the exogenous placement of immigrants during the recruitment era in the 1960s and 1970s we find that local co-ethnic concentration affects immigrants’ ethnic identity. While residential ethnic clustering strengthens immigrants’ retention of an affiliation with their origin (minority identity), it weakens identification with the host society (majority identity). The effects are nonlinear and become significant only at relatively high levels of co-ethnic concentration for the minority identity and at very low levels of local concentration for the majority identity. The findings are robust to an instrumental variable approach.
JEL Codes: J15; R23; Z10
Digitale Medien zur Unterstützung eines sprachsensiblen (inklusiven) Sportunterrichts
Authors: Kehm Svenja , Wirths Hannah , Tiemann Heike , Glück Christian 
Published: May 2023

Sprache ist ein wesentlicher Aspekt für die erfolgreiche Partizipation in Schule und Unterricht. Obgleich das Unterrichtsfach Sport sehr bewegungs- und handlungsorientiert ist, ergeben sich auch dort besondere sprachliche Herausforderungen, welche die Teilhabe von Schüler*innen mit Deutsch als Zweit- oder Fremdsprache, mit Förderbedarf oder aus einem sprachlich wenig anregenden Umfeld behindern können. Diese können sich z. B. durch die vorrangige Verwendung der Lautsprache ohne unterstützende Schriftsprache, ungünstige räumlich-akustische Gegebenheiten, durch die sprachliche Komplexität von Instruktionen sowie durch die Verwendung von Bildungs- und Fach- bzw. Sportsprache ergeben. Jene sprachlichen Barrieren werden im vorliegenden Artikel charakterisiert und unter Einbezug der Kriterien und Methoden des Konzepts zum sprachsensiblen Fachunterricht näher beleuchtet. Als eine Möglichkeit, den Barrieren im (inklusiven) Sportunterricht zu begegnen, wird der Einsatz digitaler Medien und Technologien hervorgehoben. Im Anschluss wird anhand eines Praxisbeispiels aus der universitären Ausbildung von Sportlehrkräften aufgezeigt, wie sprachlichen Barrieren unter Einbezug digitaler Medien begegnet werden kann. Es wird diskutiert, wie ein sprachsensibler (inklusiver) Sportunterricht mit digitalen Medien Teilhabe und Inklusion fördern sowie potenzielle Barrieren abbauen kann.

Abstract
Language is an essential aspect for successful participation in school and thus also in physical education. Although physical education is primarily oriented towards movement and action, there are also special linguistic challenges that can hinder the participation of pupils with German as a second or foreign language, with special needs or from a linguistically little stimulating environment. These can result e. g. from the predominant use of spoken language without supporting written language, poor spatial-acoustic conditions, the linguistic complexity of instructions and the use of educational and subject language. In this article these linguistic barriers are characterised and examined in more detail within the language-sensitive teaching approach and its methods. The use of digital technologies is emphasised as one way of counteracting these barriers in (inclusive) physical education. Subsequently, a practical example from the university training of physical education teachers illustrates how language barriers can be countered using digital technologies. It will be discussed how language-sensitive physical education with digital technologies can enable participation and inclusion, break down potential barriers and create positive experiences.
Assessing drainage water quality for irrigation using the water quality index and DataFit software
Authors: Abbas Jabir Al-humairi Basima , Shamkhi Rahal Nadhum 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this research, the quality of drainage water was studied by using the water quality index (WQI). Water samples were taken from the Al-Dujaila River and Al-Dujaila drainage. Drainage water was diluted to different ratios with river water to decrease its salinity and increase its potential for agricultural uses. The diluted samples contained between 0 and 100% drainage water, and between 100 and 0% river water, in 10% steps – i.e., 0:10, 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, and 5:5. After dilution of water, chemical properties, ion activities, electrical conductivity (EC), soil reaction (pH), sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca+2), magnesium (Mg+2), and total dissolved solid (TDS)) were measured in the laboratory of the University of Wasit/College of Agriculture, for computing the drainage water quality index (DWQI), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and soluble magnesium percentage (Mg%). Mathematical models were generated to predict the DWQI using DataFit software, depending on the water's chemical properties, and to find the best dilution ratio, which was 9:1. Model 2 includes the DWQI with SAR, ESP gave the best results (R2 = 99.99%, relative error (RE) = 0.0007, mean absolute error (MAE) = 0.425, root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.6, and standard error of estimate (SEE) = 1.992). The diluted drainage water used in this study was not suitable for either irrigation or human use.
Monitoring and prediction of land use/land cover changes and water requirements in the basin of the Urmia Lake, Iran
Authors: Roushangar Kiyoumars , Aalami Mohammad Taghi , Golmohammadi Hassan , Shahnazi Saman 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
As one of the largest super-saline lakes in the world, Lake Urmia in northwestern Iran has been facing severe drying in recent years. Drought and rapid expansion of agricultural activities are considered to be the main driving factors in the shrinking of the lake. To address this problem, an analysis of the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use/land cover (LULC) is important. This research implemented a multi-source satellite image analysis through support vector machine (SVM) for mapping LULC distributions for the years 2000, 2010, and 2020. Cellular automata (CA)–Markov was prepared for modeling the future landscape changes for 2030 and 2040. In the last step, the water requirement of agriculture in the catchment area of the Urmia Lake was simulated through the NETWAT model. Through the employed future LULC modeling, it was found that the areas covered by irrigated agriculture and gardens will grow from 1,450 and 395 km2 to 3,600 and 1,650 km2 in 2040, respectively, as deduced from the changes that occurred from 2000 to 2020. This will increase the water requirement of agriculture from 1.5 billion cubic metres in 2000 to more than 4.1 billion cubic metres in 2040.
PENYUSUNAN MODUL PENGAYAAN TANAMAN OBAT DI HUTAN WADUK SEMPOR UNTUK SMA/MA KELAS X MATERI PLANTAE
Authors: Fauziyah Vyna Himayatul , Wibowo Yuni 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengetahui jenis-jenis tanaman obat yang terdapat di Hutan Waduk Sempor Kebumen, (2) Mengetahui kevalidan dan keparaktisan modul pengayaan tanaman obat berbasis potensi lokal di Hutan Waduk Sempor Kebumen untuk siswa SMA/MA kelas X pada materi Plantae. Tanaman obat di Hutan Waduk Sempor diperoleh melalui metode eksplorasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dengan model ADDIE yang dibatasi sampai tahap Development. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu, ditemukan 27 jenis tanaman obat khususnya Divisi Spermatophyta di Bukit Kedoya dan Taman Pokdarwis. Hasil review produk oleh ahli materi, ahli media, serta uji keterbacaan oleh guru biologi, dan respon peserta didik yang ditinjau dari aspek kelayakan isi, penyajian, kegrafisan, bahasa dan penggunaan menunjukkan bahwa modul pengayaan tanaman obat dapat untuk dilanjutkan pada tahap implementation dan evaluation.
Analisis Kesulitan Siswa Belajar Matematika pada Materi Fungsi Komposisi dan Fungsi Invers Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Rajagaluh
Authors: Pramesti Pinkan , Ferdianto Ferry 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesulitan yang dialami oleh siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Rajagaluh dalam menyelesaikan soal komposisi fungsi dan fungsi invers. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Adapun subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MIPA 6 SMA Negeri 1 Rajagaluh. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik tes berupa tes uraian sebanyak 2 soal untuk memastikan kesulitan yang dialami siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika pokok bahasan fungsi komposisi dan fungsi invers, kesulitan yang dialami siswa dibagi menjadi 3 jenis kesulitan yaitu kesulitan pada konsep, kesulitan keterampilan, dan kesulitan pada pemecahan masalah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal fungsi komposisi dan fungsi invers yaitu dari 3 jenis kesulitan yang dialami oleh siswa, kesulitan yang paling banyak dialami siswa adalah kesulitan terhadap pemahaman konsep sebesar 86,7%, diikuti dengan kesulitan pada keterampilan sebesar 73,3% dan kesulitan pada pemecahan masalah sebesar 60%.
Analisis Model Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Matematika
Authors: Zenal Mutaqin Muhammad , Vkar Izul 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat pembelajaran matematika siswa dalam pembelajaran operasi perkalian bilangan pecahan, untuk mengetahui kualitas siswa sekolah dasar dalam kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa dalam bab bilangan pecahan. Kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis yang diteliti mencakup lima aspek yaitu fluency, originality, sensitifity, elaboration, dan fleksibility. Subjek dari penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas VI D SD Al-Azhar Syifa Budi. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 20 siswa yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes tertulis, observasi, dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa untuk kategori tinggi berada pada kriteria baik dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa untuk kategori sedang berada pada kriteria baik. Pada aspek originality berada pada kriteria sedang dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa untuk kategori rendah perlu pembinaan. Dengan demikian, siswa yang berkemampuan tingi akan mudah mencerna pelajaran, sedangkan siswa yang berkemampuan rendah perlu latihan yang lebih banyak dan rutin.
Identification of the Needs and Preferences of Patients With Cancer for the Development of a Clinic App: Qualitative Study
Authors: Weis Joachim , Wolf Lucy Raphaela , Boerries Melanie , Kassahn Daniela , Boeker Martin , Dresch Carolin 
Published: May 2023

Background
Mobile health (mHealth) tools were developed during the past decades and are increasingly used by patients in cancer care too. Scientific research in the development of mHealth services is required in order to meet the various needs of patients and test usability.

Objective
The aim of this study is to assess patients’ needs, preferences, and usability of an app (My University Clinic [MUC] app) developed by the Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg (CCCF) Germany.

Methods
Based on a qualitative cross-sectional approach, we conducted semistructured interviews with patients with cancer, addressing their needs, preferences, and usability of the designed MUC app. Patients treated by the CCCF were recruited based on a purposive sampling technique focusing on age, sex, cancer diagnoses, and treatment setting (inpatient, outpatient). Data analysis followed the qualitative content analysis according to Kuckartz and was performed using computer-assisted software (MAXQDA).

Results
For the interviews, 17 patients with cancer were selected, covering a broad range of sampling parameters. The results showed that patients expect benefits in terms of improved information about the disease and communication with the clinic staff. Demands for additional features were identified (eg, a list of contact persons and medication management). The most important concerns referred to data security and the potential restriction of personal contacts with health care professionals of the clinical departments of the CCCF. In addition, some features for improving the design of the MUC app with respect to usability or for inclusion of interacting tools were suggested by the patients.

Conclusions
The results of this qualitative study were discussed within the multidisciplinary team and the MUC app providers. Patients’ perspectives and needs will be included in further development of the MUC app. There will be a second study phase in which patients will receive a test version of the MUC app and will be asked about their experiences with it.

Trial Registration
Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien DRKS00022162; https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00022162
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Dapagliflozin in Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Barreto Joaquim , Borges Cynthia , Rodrigues Tais Betoni , Jesus Daniel C. , Campos-Staffico Alessandra M. , Nadruz Wilson , Luiz da Costa Jose , Bueno de Oliveira Rodrigo , Sposito Andrei C. 
Published: May 2023

Background
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors attenuate incident cardiovascular outcomes, irrespective of baseline GFR, in conservatively managed CKD. As this condition inexorably progresses to demanding KRT, drug withdrawal is supported by the current lack of evidence of safety of SGLT2 inhibitors in dialysis.

Methods
This study was a prospective, single-center, open-label trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05343078) aimed at assessing the pharmacokinetic properties and safety of dapagliflozin in patients with kidney failure on regular dialysis regimens compared with those with type 2 diabetes and age- and sex-matched controls with normal kidney function. Peripheral blood samples were collected from both groups every 30 minutes for 4 hours and again after 48 hours after ingestion of dapagliflozin 10 mg, which occurred immediately before dialysis session initiation in the kidney failure group. This protocol occurred in drug-naïve patients and again after six daily doses of dapagliflozin to assess whether the drug had accumulated. The plasma and dialysate levels of dapagliflozin at each time point were determined by liquid chromatography and used to calculate pharmacokinetics parameters (peak concentration [Cmax] and area under the plasma concentration-versus-time curve) for each participant.

Results
Dapagliflozin Cmax was 117 and 97.6 ng/ml in the kidney failure and control groups, respectively, whereas the corresponding accumulation ratios were 26.7% and 9.5%. No serious adverse events were reported for either group. Dapagliflozin recovered from dialysate corresponded to 0.10% of the administered dose.

Conclusions
In patients with kidney failure on dialysis, dapagliflozin was well tolerated, was slightly dialyzable, and had nonaccumulating pharmacokinetic properties.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
Pharmacokinetics and Dialyzability of Dapagliflozin in Dialysis Patients (DARE-ESKD 1), NCT05343078
Scientific production on Gerodontology as a dental specialty – Bibliometric literature review
Authors: De Castilhos Eduardo Dickie , Rodrigues Junior Sinval Adalberto 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Gerodontology or ‘geriatric dentistry’ exists as a field since the 1970s. However, its presence in the undergraduate dental curriculum is limited and distorted even today. Aim: Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the scientific production on gerodontology. Methodology: Studies focusing on gerodontology were searched in PubMed NCBI in November 2022 and constituted a database that was analyzed in Bibliometrix 4.0 for R. Descriptive and network analysis were applied to data. The conceptual structure analysis involved keywords co-occurrence network and thematic map. Results: The scientific production in the field of Gerodontology has a 7.2% annual growth rate. Japan is the most productive country in the field, followed by Switzerland. Most of the ten more productive journals are related to conventional dental specialties, such as clinical dentistry, prosthetics and dental implant. The analysis of the conceptual structure presented the current tendency of observational studies addressing the oral health and the quality of life of old people and related factors. Testing of materials meant for oral rehabilitation was found with lower relevance and densely studied during the assessed time spam. Conclusion: The profile of publication and the themes addressed in gerodontology focus on the association of oral conditions and risk factors. Testing of materials and teaching of gerodontology are also explored. Still, important issues such as prejudice related to ageing, working market of gerodontology and the formation of qualified personnel in the field still require further study.