bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of potassium p-aminobenzene thiosulfate on the membrane potential and ATPase activity of the plasmatic membrane of the embryos of weatherfish (Misgurnus fossіlis)
Authors: Yaremkevych О. , Lubenets V. 
Published: May 2023

We studied the effects of the newly synthesized biologically active compound potassium aminobenzene thiosulfonate on electrophysiological parameters of the embryos of weatherfish (Misgurnus fossіlis L.), in particular the dynamics of transmembrane potential (TMP) of the plasmatic membranes of the weatherfish and the activity of the membrane enzyme Na+/K+–ATPase during synchronous cleavage of blastomeres in early embryogenesis. A slight impairment of electrogenesis of the cellular membranes under the action of potassium aminobenzene thiosulfonate indicates changes in the permeability of plasmatic membrane and transport of electrogenic ions. This was related to the inhibition of biosynthetic processes in the first hours of the development of embryos, which led to 60.6 ± 2.6% decrease in the activity of membrane pump when subject to high (10–3 М) concentration of potassium aminobenzene thiosulfonate. Its activity further recovered to the level of the control only in 10–8 М concentration. Also, we conducted a comparative analysis of the effects potassium aminobenzenethiosulfonate had on the activity of the membrane pump of embryos in in vivo and in vitro experiments. We determined that the action of the examined compound depends on the presence of a correspondding concentration in the embryo incubation medium. To characterize the variability of changes in the activity of membrane pump of the embryos in the conditions of action of potassium aminobenzene thiosulfonate, we determined constants of semi-inhibition (І50) by linearization of the developed concentration-effect curves using Hill’s plot. To determine which factors contribute to the changes in the activity of membrane pump the most, namely, various concentrations of potassium p-aminobenzene thiosulfonate, duration of the development of embryos or other factors that had not been taken into account, we performed a dispersion analysis of how these factors affect the variability of the studied parameter. We determined that the extent of variability of the activity of the membrane pump is also determined by the effect of different concentrations of potassium p-aminobenzene thiosulfonate, and the factor of time of embryo development. The electronic-microscopic study of weatherfish’s blastomeres subject to potassium p-aminobenzene thiosulfonate revealed the changes in the ultrastructure of mitochondria, which led to inhibition of their matrix and electron transport chain, and therefore decrease the efficiency of ATP production and energy-dependent processes.
RECYCLING OF WASTE FROM POLYVINYL CHLORIDE MATERIAL PRODUCTION BY HIGH-TEMPERATURE SHEAR DEFORMATION
Authors: Stepanov Alexander A. , Aminova Gulia K. , Paimurzin Marat M. , Saifigaliev Vadim M. , Akhmetkhanov Rinat M. , Nafikova Railia F. , Stepanova Lena B. 
Published: May 2023

Recycling of recycled polymer raw materials, in particular PVC waste, is undoubtedly one of the key components of the modern world. A significant place among PVC-based waste is occupied by linoleum, foam, laminated wallpaper, sanitary PVC pipes, artificial leather for haberdashery and technical purposes, agricultural and insulating films, PVC hoses, containers, used packaging. Currently, there are no effective ways to recycle them, so most of the waste is disposed or incinerated.This article shows the possibility of using dispersed powder materials obtained by high-temperature shear grinding of waste from the production of polyvinyl chloride materials. The design of a rotary dispersant for carrying out the process of high-temperature shear grinding of polymer products is considered.It has been established that in the process of waste PVC material recycling simultaneously with the process of high-temperature shear grinding, it is possible to modify the polymer material by introducing 1–3 wt. fr. of metal-containing heat stabilizers and 10–30 wt. fr. of plasticizers into the feedstock. This leads to an increase in the thermal stability margin by 15–50 min and an improvement in the flow rate of the melt processed together with ester plasticizers of the material by 20–35 %, as well as an improvement in the manufacturability of the dispersion process.The conducted research suggests an economically and environmentally beneficial possibility of recycling polyvinyl chloride materials, and opens up ways to create technological schemes closed in material and energy flows.
Dynamic electroencephalographic study of persons – mild COVID-19 convalescents
Authors: Gulyaev S. A. 
Published: May 2023

Background. The term “postcovid syndrome” is firmly entrenched in medical terminology, but many aspects of its clinical manifestations are not well understood. Aim. To establish the presence of the nature and severity of changes in the bioelectrical activity of the brain in COVID-19 survivors, as well as their relationship with the formed clinical neurological and neuropsychological syndromes during convalescence. Materials and methods. A dynamic study was conducted of 38 COVID-19 survivors returning to work. Neurophysiological studies were carried out using the EGI-GES-300 system (128 channels). The descriptive characteristics of electroencephalograms were built on the method of studying the spectral density of the electroencephalographic signal on the surface of the scalp, and the dynamic characteristics of the signal were studied by fixing electroencephalographic microstates, using the method of D. Lemmon and T. Kenning. Results and conclusions. In the study, a relatively new diagnostic technique for studying cognitive impairments based on the analysis of electroencephalographic microstates was implemented, which made it possible to identify signs of functional restructuring of the neuronal macronetworks of the brain and trace the characteristic adaptation of a person during the period of convalescence.
Возможности коррекции микробиоты ротоглотки и кишечника у детей природными средствами на основе экстрактов растений
Authors: Мануйлов Б. М. , Афанасьев С. С. , Мануйлова Е. Б. , Затевалов А. М. , Симоненко С. В. , Борисова О. Ю. , Воропаева Е. А. , Зиборова Н. В. 
Published: May 2023

Широкое применение антибактериальных препаратов для лечения респираторных заболеваний формирует резистентность к антибиотикам у условно-патогенных микроорганизмов, что влечет за собой хронические формы респираторных заболеваний и способствует риску повторных респираторных инфекций. Одним из новых терапевтических решений может быть применение многокомпонентных фитопрепаратов в виде водорастворимых экстрактов. Цель данного исследования – оценить эффективность антибактериального действия экстрактов многокомпонентных фитопрепаратов на условно-патогенную микрофлору ротоглотки и кишечника у детей с диагнозом «хронический тонзиллит» по сравнению с синтетическим антисептиком.
В ретроспективном исследовании мы провели сравнение фитопрепарата «Тонзинал» (опытная группа, 100 человек) с антисептическим средством «Мирамистин» (группа контроля, 40 человек), определяя эффективность различных схем лечения хронического тонзиллита у детей в возрасте от 5 до 15 лет. Микробиоценоз ротоглотки исследовали с помощью бактериологического анализа мазков с задней стенки глотки и миндалин. Штаммы микроорганизмов выделяли методом посева на жидкие агаризованные среды с последующей идентификацией Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida spp., Moraxela cataralis, Mycoplasma pneumonie по морфологическим и биохимическим признакам. Для проведения бактериологического анализа микробиоценоза кишечника штаммы условно-патогенных микроорганизмов выделяли из копрофильтрата аналогичным способом и идентифицировали Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp., Candida spp., Klebsiella spp., Clostridiums spp., Proteus spp. Сравнивали частоту встречаемости микроорганизмов, имеющих показатели интенсивности обсемененности более 104 КОЕ/г, в опытной группе и группе контроля до начала лечения и после 10-дневного курса терапии.
После 10-дневного курса терапии в ротоглотке наблюдали статистически значимое снижение частоты встречаемости Staphylococcus aureus и Candida spp. в опытной группе с 25% до 0% и с 18% до 0% соответственно (p<0.01) и в группе контроля с 20% до 7.5% и с 5% до 0% соответственно (p<0.01). Частота встречаемости Streptococcus pyogenes статистически значимо снизилась только в опытной группе (с 30% до 0%, p<0.01). При исследовании кишечной микрофлоры статистически значимых изменений частоты встречаемости исследуемых бактерий в опытной группе и группе контроля после применения препаратов не выявлено.
Таким образом, мы показали более высокую антимикробную эффективность «Тонзинала» в отношении условно-патогенных микроорганизмов ротоглотки по сравнению с антисептиком «Мирамистин» при хроническом тонзиллите у детей.
Фармакодинамическая активность нового соединения XC221GI в in vitro и in vivo моделях вирусного воспаления респираторного тракта
Authors: Стукова М. А. , Рыдловская А. В. , Проскурина О. В. , Мочалов С. В. , Шурыгина А.-П. С. , Небольсин В. Е. 
Published: May 2023

Вирусы, наиболее часто поражающие респираторный тракт человека, включают риновирусы, респираторно-синцитиальный вирус (РСВ), вирусы гриппа и коронавирусы (CoV). Инфицирование вирусом эпителиальных клеток респираторного тракта запускает воспалительный процесс, сопровождающийся выбросом провоспалительных цитокинов и хемокинов, основными из которых являются интерлейкины IL6, IL8(CXCL8), IL1β и фактор некроза опухоли (tumor necrosis factor α, TNFα). Переход инфекции в фазу острой воспалительной реакции в легких сопровождается увеличением продукции цитокинов, притоком в легкие нейтрофилов и Т-клеток и индукцией хемокинов – лигандов рецептора CXCR3, – основных участников генерализованного воспаления.
В настоящей работе мы изучили фармакодинамическую активность нового соединения XC221GI в отношении IL6 и IL8 в условиях экспериментальной РСВ инфекции in vitro в клетках карциномы легкого человека А549 и in vivo в легких хлопковых крыс. Мы также изучили влияние XC221GI на приток нейтрофилов в легкие мышей и индукцию хемокинов CXCL10, CXCL9 и CXCL11 в бронхоальвеолярном лаваже после интраназального введения животным интерферона γ (IFNγ).
В ходе исследования была продемонстрирована противовоспалительная активность препарата XC221GI, выражающаяся в снижении избыточной продукции ключевых маркеров воспаления в легких, включающих цитокины и хемокины IL6, IL8, CXCL10, CXCL9, CXCL11 и нейтрофилы, приводя к снижению легочной патологии. Полученные результаты подтверждают эффективность препарата XC221GI в качестве средства упреждающей противовоспалительной терапии при вирусной инфекции респираторного тракта.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Pbl Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah
Authors: Sari Indah Permata , Arwansyah Arwansyah , Hasyim Hasyim 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan mengembangkan modul pembelajaran berbasis Problem Based Learning pada mata pelajaran ekonomi kelas XI IIS MAN 1 Padang Lawas yang dapat mendukung pembelajaran sehingga membantu guru dalam menyampaikan materi pembelajaran. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model pengembangan 4D. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan peningkatan pemecahan masalah siswa dalam pemebelajaran ekonomi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MAN 1 Padang Lawas. teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan random sampling. Hasil penelitian ini adalah modul pembelajaran ekonomi berbasis Problem Based Learning yang dikembangkan memenuhi syarat kelayakan (valid) untuk digunakan sebagai modul pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran ekonomi kelas XI IIS. Produk yang dikembangkan, berdasarkan penilaian dari aspek materi, desain pembelajaran dan aspek modul pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh ahli dan juga respon ataupun tanggapan dari siswa diperoleh persentase rata-rata 89% masuk dalam kategori “sangat layak” dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa menggunakan modul yang dikembangkan mengalami peningkatan.
Kata kunci: Modul, Problem Based Learning, Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa
The Role of Perceived Susceptibility, Perceived Severity, Perceived Barriers and Benefits in COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Uptake Among Outpatient Surgery Nurses in the United States: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Matta Dania , Herring Patti , Beeson W. Lawrence , Wiafe Seth 
Published: May 2023

Background and Objective: This qualitative study explores outpatient nurses’ perceptions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the COVID-19 vaccine, aiming to inform future research and health education strategies for reducing vaccination hesitancy among healthcare workers, particularly nurses. The nurses recruited for this study were all registered nurses (RNs). Studies have shown that registered professional nurses consistently display higher vaccination hesitancy versus other healthcare groups, specifically doctors. Little is known about the vaccine acceptance disparities that exist among healthcare workers, or why nurses appear to consistently display higher rates of vaccine hesitancy, versus other healthcare groups, especially doctors.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews guided by the health belief model were conducted with 8 outpatient nurses, and a focus group guided by the health belief model was conducted with 5 outpatient nurses, for a total of 13 nurses (N=13). The data were triangulated through interviews, a focus group, and a literature review. In addition, an independent external secondary analyst confirmed the findings.
Results: Three key themes appeared: (1) sources of information (trusted sources of information), (2) experience (belief about personal risk and personal responsibility), and (3) logistics (COVID-19 testing requirements, booster frequency, and mandate versus choice).
Conclusion and Implications for Translation: We advise public health professionals to adopt a grassroots approach to vaccine hesitancy interventions, engaging and training doctors and nurses. We also recommend consistency in prevention approaches, as that produces trust. We also recommend further research into the booster requirement, as requiring an unknown number of boosters appears to lower trust among nurses.

Copyright © 2023 Matta et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Validación de un sistema de análisis de la competición de natación de bajo coste mediante la técnica panning
Authors: Sarrió-Gisbert Vicente , Sanchis-Sanchis Roberto , Pérez-Soriano Pedro , Encarnación Martínez Alberto 
Published: May 2023

Antecedentes: El análisis de la competición en natación aporta datos relevantes para el rendimiento de los nadadores, sin embargo, las técnicas utilizadas requieren de instrumental costoso. La aparición de alternativas económicas como las técnicas de seguimiento del nadador, conocidas como panning, son una alternativa para la democratización del análisis de la competición.
Objetivos: Validar un sistema de análisis de la competición panning en comparación con el sistema tradicional de cámaras fijas.
Método: 10 nadadores fueron analizados durante un nado de 25 metros mediante un sistema de cámaras fijas y una cámara GoPro que realizaba la medición siguiendo al nadador. Previamente, las corcheras fueron marcadas cada 5 metros para que fueran visibles por las cámaras. Las grabaciones se hicieron de forma simultánea. Se analizó la repetibilidad del observador, así como la validación entre sistemas.
Resultados: La repetibilidad intra-sujeto indicó que el observador analizado presentó un alto grado de repetibilidad (error < 2%). El estudio de fiabilidad entre sistemas (Cámaras fijas vs. Panning) arrojó niveles de correlación de Pearson y concordancia de Lin extremadamente altos, así como el coeficiente de correlación intraclase excelente. Igualmente, no se observaron diferencias significativas entre sistemas. Por último, las diferencias entre los dos sistemas mediante gráficos Bland-Altman indicaron que todas las observaciones se distribuían entre los intervalos de confianza del percentil 95%, indicando un acuerdo entre sistemas elevado.
Conclusiones: El sistema panning de análisis de la competición es válido respecto al sistema de cámaras fijas a nivel de entrenamientos.
The impact assessment of China’s Smart City Pilots in Reducing Industrial Pollution: Evidence from a Spatial Difference-in-Differences Analysis
Authors: zhang acheng , Wen Yonglin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article contributes to examine the causal impacts of the SCP project and its potential mechanisms by considering the spillover effects of urban industrial pollution. Spatial difference-in-difference estimates that: (1) the SCP project is strongly associated with reduced industrial wastewater and SO2. On average, cities with the SCP witnessed a 6.4 and 6.5% drop in wastewater and SO2 emission, respectively. (2) Indirectly, the SCP increased industrial pollution in its neighbors, implying that SCP project exits a beggar-thy-neighbor effect. (3) Mechanism analysis indicated that the SCP reduced industrial pollution was partially mediated by government S&T fiscal expenditure. Our findings provide a strong rationale for city administrators to promote the deployment of smart technologies and other innovations in its efforts to tackle industrial pollution.
Dynamics of the Total Mercury Content in the Hair of Adolescent Residents of the Industrial Center of Northwest Russia (Cherepovets City)
Authors: Aleksina Iuliia , Ivanova Elena , Komov Viktor 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The content of total mercury in the hair of adolescent residents of the industrial center of North-West Russia varied from less than 0.002 to 0.83 mg/kg. The content of total mercury in the hair of males is 1.5-2 times lower than that of females. The relationship between the body mass index of females and the content of total mercury in the hair (for the entire observation period rs=0.28–0.48, at p < 0.05) was observed. It was found that the concentration of metal in the hair of the study participants depended on the frequency of fish consumption. Over a three-year observation period, an increase in the indicator values of the concentration of total mercury in the hair was recorded among 70% of the study participants, on average by 0.03 mg/kg per year. Indicators of the content of total mercury in the hair of females and males in the city of Cherepovets did not exceed the standard values established in Russia and in the world. At the same time, the recorded values of the annual increase in the content of total mercury in the hair, allow us to predict the potentially hazardous levels of metal in the body of the study participants when they reach adulthood.
Dendritic cells mediated by small extracellular vesicles derived from MSCs attenuated the ILC2 activity via PGE2 in patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Liu Xiao-Qing , Peng Ya-Qi , Huang Long-Xin , Li Chan-Gu , Kuang Peng-Peng , Chen De-Hua , Wu Zi-Cong , He Bi-Xin , Zhou Zhi-Rou , Fu Qing-Ling 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stromal cells-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) have recently attracted considerable attention because of their therapeutic potential in various immune diseases. We previously reported that MSC-sEVs could exert immunomodulatory roles in allergic airway inflammation by regulating group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) and dendritic cell (DC) functions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of MSC-sEVs on mature DC (mDC)-ILC2 interplay in allergic rhinitis (AR).
Methods
Here, we isolated MSC-sEVs from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-MSCs using anion-exchange chromatography for the generation of sEV-mDCs. sEV-mDCs were co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with AR or purified ILC2s. The levels of IL-13 and GATA3 in ILC2s were examined by flow cytometry. Bulk RNA-sequence for mDCs and sEV-mDCs was employed to further probe the potential mechanisms, which were then validated in the co-culture systems.
Results
sEV-mDCs showed weaker capacity in priming the levels of IL-13 and GATA3 in ILC2s when compared with mDCs. Furthermore, there was higher PGE2 and IL-10 production from sEV-mDCs, and the blockade of them especially the former one could reverse the inhibitory effects of sEV-mDCs.
Conclusions
We demonstrated that MSC-sEVs were able to dampen the activating effects of mDCs on ILC2s in patients with AR. Mechanismly, the PGE2-EP2/4 axis played an essential role in the immunomodulatory effects of sEV-mDCs on ILC2s. Herein, we provided new insights into the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of MSC-sEVs in allergic airway inflammation.
Assessing the Household's Municipal Waste Segregation Intentions in Metropolitan of Twin Cities of Pakistan: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Akmal Tanzila , Jamil Faisal , Raza Muhammad Haseeb 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

There is a growing concern about inappropriate waste disposal and its devastating impact on human health and the environment. Insights into the motivations of household waste segregation drivers may assist in knowing how to achieve the required behavior in establishing the most efficient and effective initiatives at the household level. The theoretical model is driven by the theory of planned behavior (TPB), in which psychological, institutional, and situational factors influence household intentions to adopt waste segregation. For this purpose, data from a representative sample comprising 849 households is obtained from the twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, and analysis is conducted employing a structural equation modeling approach. The study finds that policy instruments have significant direct and indirect impacts on households' segregation intentions. The study concludes that government policy instruments strengthen personal and perceived norms for waste segregation intentions— resulting in an external intervention that would encourage intrinsic motivation rather than impair them. Therefore, policy intervention becomes the main entry point for initiating waste segregation behavior. Public policy must continue to emphasize the waste segregation at the source because it may help resource recovery from the refuse. This is imperative because the environment is a shared resource, and its conservation increases social welfare.
Organ agar serves as physiologically relevant alternative for in vivo colonization
Authors: Pearson Melanie , Shea Allyson , Smith Sara , Mobley Harry , Forsyth Valerie , Pahil Sapna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Animal models for host-microbial interactions have proven valuable, yielding physiologically relevant data that may be otherwise difficult to obtain. Unfortunately, such models are lacking or nonexistent for many microbes. Here, we introduce organ agar, a straightforward method to enable the screening of large mutant libraries while avoiding physiological bottlenecks. We demonstrate that growth defects on organ agar were translatable to colonization deficiencies in a murine model. Specifically, we present a urinary tract infection agar model to interrogate an ordered library of Proteus mirabilis transposon mutants, with accurate prediction of bacterial genes critical for host colonization. Thus, we demonstrate the ability of ex vivo organ agar to reproduce in vivo deficiencies. This work provides a readily adoptable technique that is economical and uses substantially fewer animals. We anticipate this method will be useful for a wide variety of microorganisms, both pathogenic and commensal, in a diverse range of model host species.