bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthcare professionals’ perspectives of the management of people with palliative care needs in the Emergency Department of a UK hospital
Authors: Sausman Jane , Arif Azra , Young Annie , MacArtney John , Bailey Cara , Rajani Jaimini , Burt Rebecca 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: The Emergency Department (ED) is not always the optimal place for people with palliative care needs but is the most common route for treatment when urgent care is sought. The aim of this study,’'REasons for PalLIative Care Admissions (REPLICA)’ was to explore the perspectives of ED health care professionals of hospital admission or discharge via the ED for palliative care patients.
Methods: This is a sequential mixed methods study comprising i) quantitative descriptive analysis of Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) of palliative care patients (code Z51.5) who were admitted through the ED in a West Midlands Hospital and for the rest of England; ii) in-depth semi-structured interviews with 17 ED staff which were analysed using thematic content analysis.
Results: Over the four years (2013 – 2017), 430,116 people admitted through ED were identified with a Z51.5 diagnosis code, 0.6% (n=2736) of whom were from the West Midlands Hospital. The most common reasons for palliative care patients’ admission to hospitals across England were for care of chronic kidney disease, cancers and urinary tract infections. Five themes were elicited from the qualitative analysis: 1) Providing palliative care in the ED is challenging, due to factors including lack of training in palliative care and the unsuitable environment. 2) Patients go to the ED due to challenges in community management such as inappropriate referrals and no care plan in place. 3) Health system influences admission and discharge decisions, including bed availability and being unable to set up community services out-of-hours. 4) Discussion with patient about treatment and end-of-life care needs to be outside of the EDwhilst the patient is still well enough to express their wishes. 5)Improving services for patients with palliative care needs. Recommendations include short training sessions for ED staff and accessing palliative care professionals 24/7.
Conclusions: A large number of palliative care patients visit ED and are admitted to hospital for care; there is an urgent need to prevent patients attending the hospital through the establishment of a coordinated and dedicated service to support palliative care patients in the community.
Higher global diet quality score is related to lower prevalence of depression and poor quality of life among adolescent girls
Authors: Beigrezaei Sara , darabi zahra , Davies Ian G. , Mazidi Mohsen , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Khayyatzadeh Sayyed Saeid 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Adolescence is a key time for the development of depression symptoms and the diet quality may be associated with mental health conditions. The present study examined the association between depression and quality of life (QoL) and the global diet quality score (GDQS) as a simple and standardized metric diet quality in Iranian adolescents.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 733 adolescent girls recruited using a random cluster sampling method. A 147-item food frequency questionnaire was used for dietary intake assessment. The GDQS is gained by summing
points of all the 25 food groups, ranged from 0 to 49. Depression symptoms were assessed using a Persian version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). For assessment of health-related QoL, the SF-12v2 questionnaire was employed. Multivariable logistic regression examined the association of depression and QoL with GDQS in crude and adjusted models.
Results: Adolescent girls in the highest tertile of GDQS scorecompared with the lowest tertile had a 41% lower odds of depressive symptoms (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.39–0.90, P = 0.01). The participants in the third tertile of GDQS score had lower odds of poor QoL compared with the first tertile (OR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.37–0.85, P < 0.01). These associations remained significant (both P = 0.01) after adjustment for age, energy intake, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and menstruation (depressive symptoms: OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.38–0.92; QoL: OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.38–0.91, P = 0.01).
Conclusion:Given the importance of dietary intake in adolescence and its potential effects on mental health and QoL, providing a healthy dietary pattern with high GDQS should be considered during adolescence.
Glutamatergic basis of antipsychotic response in first-episode psychosis: a dual voxel study of the anterior cingulate cortex
Authors: Fan Lejia , Liang Liangbing , Wang Yujue , Ma Xiaoqian , Yuan Liu , Ouyang Lijun , He Ying , Li Zongchang , Li Chunwang , Chen Xiaogang , Palaniyappan Lena 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Treatment-resistant schizophrenia is believed to be related to excess prefrontal glutamate. If we can identify these individuals early in the course of illness, the repeated use of first-line antipsychotics can be reduced and first-episode patients can be stratified for accelerated treatments. The use of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to measure glutamate and Glx (glutamate plus glutamine) provides a means for such a stratification, but we must first establish if there is robust evidence linking elevations in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) glutamate metabolites to poor response, and determine if continuous exposure to antipsychotics worsens the glutamatergic excess in eventual non-responders. In this study, we estimated glutamate levels at baseline in 70 drug-naive patients with schizophrenia. We then treated them (N=42) with risperidone and followed them up for 3 months to categorize their response status. We hypothesized to see “hyperglutamatergia” at baseline in later non-responders and expected this to worsen with treatment. Non-responders had high glutamate before treatment-onset (F1,79=3.20, p=0.046, partial η2 = 0.075); However, glutamate levels did not change significantly over time in both non-responders and responders over the 3 months of treatment (F1,31=1.26, p=0.270, partial η2 = 0.039). Antipsychotic use without prior knowledge of later response delays symptom relief in a subgroup of first-episode patients, but does not worsen the glutamatergic excess seen at baseline. Given the current practice of non-stratified use of antipsychotics, longer-time follow-up MRS studies are required to see if improvement in symptoms accompanies a shift in glutamate profile.
Is it effective to do mathematical analysis for the etiology of nocturia using the nocturia indices derived from the frequency volume chart?
Authors: Kang Woocheol , BAE Hoyoung , Park Eun Ji , Yoon Ji Hyung , Kwon Taekmin , Park Sungchan , Moon Kyung Hyun , Cheon Sang Hyeon , Kim Seong Cheol 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the problems involved in using a mathematical calculation to analyze the pathophysiology of nocturia using a frequency volume chart (FVC). In this retrospective study, we reviewed 253 patients who completed the FVC during ≥3 days for nocturia from January 2017 to February 2019. The etiology of nocturia was defined as a combination of four pathophysiologies, including nocturnal polyuria (NP), decreased bladder capacity (dBC), decreased nocturnal bladder capacity, and global polyuria. To analyze the differences according to diagnostic criteria for NP and dBC, two definitions were classified. Definition 1: NP is nocturnal polyuria index (NPi)>0.35 and dBC as maximal voided volume (MVV)<325 mL. Definition 2: NP is NPi=0.20-0.33 depending on age and dBC as MVV<200 mL. The MVV in the FVC for ≥3 days was significantly higher than that for 1 day (330 mL vs. 400 mL, p<0.001). During the entire FVC period, all pathophysiology remained unchanged in only 16.6% of cases (inter-day variation). Of 323 days in which nocturia occurred ≥2 per night, 118 days (36.5%) full bladder voiding of nocturia was not the same for each day (inter-nocturnal variation). According to definitions 1 and 2, the serial changes of NP and dBC showed different patterns. The mathematical calculation used in analyzing the pathophysiology of nocturia using an FVC has problems such as differences according to the duration of FVC and inability to express inter-day and inter-nocturnal variations. Therefore, this mathematical calculation is not helpful when determining the treatment modality for nocturia.
Association between lipid-lowering drugs and bone mineral density: A study employing drug-target Mendelian randomization
Authors: Ma Weiwei , Chen Honggu , Yang Xiaohong , Ruan Xiaofeng , Huang Wenzhuo , Tang Hongtu , Hu Xia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the causal association between lipid phenotypes mediated by drug targets and bone mineral density using a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach.
Methods: Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted utilizing publicly available pooled-level GWAS data for lipid traits. Instrumental variables were selected based on specific lipid-lowering targets, and inverse variance weighting, weighted median, and MR Egger methods were employed. Sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the robustness of the results.
Results:This study aimed to investigate the association between LDL cholesterol levels mediated by specific genes and bone mineral density (BMD) outcomes. Firstly, HMGCR-mediated LDL cholesterol showed a significant association with both H-BMD (β = -0.086, 95%CI: 0.117 to 0.055, p = 5.420 × 10-8 ) and TB-BMD (β = 0.193, 95%CI: 0.288 to 0.098, p = 7.350× 10-5 ). APOB-mediated LDL cholesterol demonstrated suggestive associations with FA-BMD (β = 0.210, 95%CI: 0.044 to 0.376, p = 0.013) and H-BMD (β = -0.032, 95%CI: -0.061 to -0.004, p = 0.027). Similarly, CETP-mediated LDL cholesterol showed suggestive relationships with FA-BMD (β = 0.315, 95%CI: 0.102 to 0.528, p = 0.004) and H-BMD (β = 0.055, 95%CI: -0.092 to -0.018, p = 0.027). LDLR-mediated LDL cholesterol was associated with H-BMD (β = -0.022, 95%CI: 0.041 to 0.003, p = 0.025) and LS-BMD (β = 0.124, 95%CI: 0.017 to 0.231, p = 0.023). However, no substantial evidence was found for an association between PCSK9-mediated LDL cholesterol, NPC1L1-mediated LDL cholesterol, and BMD outcomes.
Conclusion: Our study provides significant findings supporting the protective effect of HMGCR inhibitors on BMD. Associations were also observed between APOB, CETP, and LDLR-mediated LDL cholesterol and BMD at different skeletal sites. These results contribute to our understanding of the relationship between cholesterol-related genes and bone health, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for improving bone density.
The comparison of the consultation-liaison in the psychiatry department of a general hospital before and after the outbreak of COVID-19
Authors: Wang Xuemei , Yang Yuyin , Cui Hongmei , Zhang Huiran , Ming Qingsen , Du Shulin , Li Shuyun , Li Zezhi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective: To compare the status of the consultation-liaison in the psychiatry department of inpatients in a general hospital before and after the outbreak of COVID-19.
Methods: 842 patients in a tertiary hospital during 2019 and 904 patients since the beginning of the epidemic in 2020 were enrolled in this study. Demographic data, departments that requested consultation, mental disorders, and the psychiatric treatments were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: Among the 1746 patients, most patients were 45 to 70 years old. The department of hematology received the most applications for consultation. In 2020, requests from the departments of cardiac and vascular surgeries, contrary to the emergency department, increased significantly. 32.6% patients were diagnosed with organic mental disorder. Delirium was the most common disorder, followed by anxiety and depression. After the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, the stress-associated and sleep disorders increased.
Conclusions: In general hospitals, clinical departments have great demands forpsychiatric consultation.Since the pandemic, patients requiring consultations for stress-related disorders and sleep disorders increased. Moreover, patients with cardiac and major vascular surgeries suffering from mental and emotional disturbances also increased. The ability of non-psychiatrists in identifying and treating mental disorders and the awareness of biopsychosocial (BPS) models need to be improved.
Muometric positioning system (muPS) utilizing direction vectors of cosmic-ray muons for wireless indoor navigation at a centimeter-level accuracy
Authors: Tanaka Hiroyuki K.M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Since the development of many future technologies are becoming more and more dependent on indoor navigation, various alternative navigation techniques have been proposed with RF, acoustic, and laser beam signals. In 2020, muPS was proposed as a new indoor navigation technique; in 2022, the first prototype of wireless muPS was demonstrated in underground environments. However, in this first physical demonstration, its navigation accuracy was limited to 2 m -14 m which is far from the level required for the practical indoor navigation applications. This positioning error was an intrinsic problem associated with the clock that was used, and it was practically impossible to attain cm-level accuracy with this initial approach. This paper introduces the completely new positioning concept for muPS, Vector muPS, which retains the unique capacity to operate wirelessly in indoor environments while also achieving a cm-level accuracy. By utilizing an essentially different concept from what is used in other navigation techniques, (measuring the distance between the reference and the receiver), Vector muPS enables more flexible, and longer-term stable positioning. Anticipated applications and the future outlook of Vector muPS is also discussed.
Exploring factors associated with healthy and unhealthy dietary choices among pregnant women attending primary healthcare centres in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Ojo Tolulope , Jaiyesimi Boluwaji , Bamitale Toba , Kukoyi Olasumbo , Oni Olawale , Oluwadare Tunrayo , Oluwafemi Funmilayo , Orok Edidiong , Akpene Gillian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Dietary choices during pregnancy are critical for ensuring optimal nutritional practices among pregnant women. Poor nutritional practices have been associated with complications leading to significant maternal mortality rates annually. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with dietary choices among pregnant women attending primary healthcare centres in Warri South LGA. A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was used for this study, and a multi-stage sampling technique was employed to draw a sample of 322 pregnant women. Relevant information was collected using a semi-structured, validated questionnaire on dietary choice of pregnant women (DCQ). Results from the logistic regression analysis revealed that marital status and place of residence were significantly associated with food consumption pattern (FCP) (P < 0.05). Pregnant women who were divorced (OR:0.18; 95% CI: 0.03–1.02; p = 0.05) or separated (OR:0.20; 95% CI: 0.04–1.03; p = 0.05) were significantly less likely to engage in unhealthy food consumption patterns. Furthermore, pregnant women in rural (OR:0.35; 95% CI: 0.15–0.82; p = 0.02) and semi-urban areas (OR:0.42; 95% CI: 0.19–0.91; p = 0.03) were significantly less likely to engage in unhealthy food consumption. Lack of knowledge of food significantly increased the likelihood for unhealthy food consumption patterns (OR:1.75; 95% CI: 0.99–3.11; p = 0.05). The Chi-square result showed that psychological (p < 0.01) and religious factors (p < 0.00) were significantly associated with food consumption patterns of the pregnant women. It is recommended that preconception education should be compulsory for all couples, and nutrition-education and counselling given during each antenatal visit should be intensified. Programs that involve husband support should also be organized, and men should be mandated to attend such programs with their wives.
Dental Unit Waterline Testing Practices: An 11-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Buitrago Juan M. , Kolbe Rob J. , Siqueira Michelle F. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This retrospective study examined the dental unit waterline (DUWL) testing practices of numerous Saskatchewan clinics over a period of 11 years, with an emphasis on their responses after identification of high microbial levels.
Materials and Methods
Dental clinics (n = 129) aseptically collected samples of output water from their air/water syringes, handpieces, and ultrasonic scaler lines using Sigma-Aldrich® waterline test kits and delivered them to a quality assurance laboratory. Tests were incubated for seven days at room temperature, and those with heterotrophic plate counts > 500 CFU/mL were reported as failures. Statistical analyses were performed on a database containing 3,567 test results.
Results
Participating clinics submitted an average of 10 DUWL tests per year. Overall, 21% of tests failed, and a moderate positive association (rs = .48, p < 0.001) was found between clinics’ DUWL testing frequency and failure rate. Only 7% of failed DUWL tests were followed up by collection of a subsequent test within 14 days, of which 46% still exceeded the 500 CFU/mL threshold.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate an association between DUWL testing frequency and detection of unacceptable microbial levels, along with infrequent retesting and often-inadequate intervention after a failed test. This suggests the need for further efforts at the regulatory and educational levels to maintain adequate water quality during dental treatment.
Clinical Relevance:
Procedural water can become contaminated in DUWLs and endanger patients. Regular DUWL monitoring and evidence-based interventions to treat contaminated systems are necessary to safeguard patient health.
WITHDRAWN: Insight into Genetic × Epidemiological factors in male infertility: synergistic effect of AZFc partial deletions and habits of smokeless-chewing tobacco
Authors: Dutta Saurav , Paladhi Pranab , Pal Samudra , Srim Souvik , Bose Gunja , Ghosh Papiya , Chattopadhyay Ratna , Ghosh Sujay 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The Y chromosome AZF partial deletions exhibit variations in its association with male infertility across the population divides, and intriguing. Here we have analysed distinct partial deletions (gr/gr, b1/b3 and b2/b3) of the AZFc region among the 728 Bengali-speaking men and compared them with 264 age-matched proven-fertile control subjects. The gr/gr deletion was found to be frequent among azoospermic (P = 0.001) and oligozoospermic (P = 0.03) subjects, and b1/b3 deletions were detected to be significant among severe-oligozoospermic men (P = 0.0405). Furthermore, we analysed the interactions of these deletions with the habits of smokeless chewing tobacco among the participating subjects, taking opportunity of large epidemiological data of the participating subjects. The logistic regression model revealed that the infertile subjects bearing any type of microdeletion and also SCT users had an elevated risk of infertility (P = 0.002). Our work helps to get more insight into the cause of male infertility in the light of gene-environment interaction (G × E) and brings us a significant step closer towards understanding the aetiology of spermatogenesis failure in men.
Genetic aspects underlying the Normocalcemic and Hypercalcemic phenotypes of Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Viviani Arianna , COLANGELO Luciano , Ciminelli Bianca Maria , Novelletto Andrea , Sonato Chiara , Occhiuto Marco , Cipriani Cristiana , Diacinti Daniele , De Martino Viviana , Gianni Walter , Pepe Jessica , Minisola Salvatore , Malaspina Patrizia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Hypercalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder that has been very well characterized. In contrast, many aspects of normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NPHPT) such as natural history, organ damage, and management are still matter of debate. In addition, both the pathophysiology and molecular basis of NPHPT are unclear. We investigated whether PHPT and NPHPT patient cohorts share the same pattern of genetic variation in genes known to be involved in calcium and/or bone metabolism.
Research design and methods
: Genotyping for 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed by Real-Time PCR (TaqMan assays) on 27 NPHPT and 31 PHPT patients evaluated in a tertiary referral Center. The data of both groups were compared with 54 in house-controls and 503 subjects from the 1,000 Genomes Project. All groups were compared for allele/haplotype frequencies, on a single locus, two loci and multi-locus basis.
Results
The NPHPT group differed significantly at SNPs in OPG and ESR1. Also, the NPHPT cohort was peculiar for pairwise associations of genotypes and for the overrepresentation of unusual multilocus genotypes.
Conclusions
Our NPHPT patient set harboured a definitely larger quota of genetic diversity than the other samples. Specific genotypes may help in defining subgroups of NPHPT patients which deserve ad hoc clinical and follow-up studies.
Change of deep subduction seismicity after a large megathrust earthquake
Authors: Gardonio Blandine , Marsan David , Bodin Thomas , Socquet Anne , Durand Stephanie , Radiguet Mathilde , Ricard Yanick , Schubnel Alexandre 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Subduction zones are home to the world’s largest and deepest earthquakes. Recently, large-scale interactions between shallow (0-60 km) and intermediate (80-150km) seismicity have been evidenced before megathrust earthquakes along with large-scale changes in surface motion. Large-scale deformation transients following major earthquakes have also been observed possibly due to a change in slab pull or to a bending/unbending of the plates, which suggests the existence of interactions between the deep and shallow parts of the slab. In this study, we analyze the spatio-temporal variations of the Japanese seismicity before and after the 2011/3/11 Mw9.0 Tohoku-oki earthquake. We observe that the rate of the intermediate to deep (150-450km) seismicity underwent a deceleration of 55% south of the rupture zone and an acceleration of 30% north of it, coherent with the GPS surface displacements. This shows for the very first time how a megathrust earthquake can affect the stress state of the slab over a 2500 km lateral-range and a large depth range, demonstrating that earthquakes interact at a much greater scale than the surrounding rupture zone usually considered. Our vision of subduction zones must consequently be renewed as a whole, from shallow to large depths.