bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjusted green spectrophotometric determination of favipiravir and remdesivir in pharmaceutical form and spiked human plasma sample using different chemometric supported models
Authors: Imam Mohamed S. , Abdelazim Ahmed H. , Ramzy Sherif , Batubara Afnan S. , Gamal Mohammed , Abdelhafiz Safwan , Zeid Abdallah M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe environmentally friendly design of analytical methods is gaining interest in pharmaceutical analysis to reduce hazardous environmental impacts and improve safety and health conditions for analysts. The adaptation and integration of chemometrics in the development of environmentally friendly analytical methods is strongly recommended in the hope of promising benefits. Favipiravir and remdesivir have been included in the COVID-19 treatment guidelines panel of several countries. The main objective of this work is to develop green, tuned spectrophotometric methods based on chemometric based models for the determination of favipiravir and remdesivir in spiked human plasma. The UV absorption spectra of favipiravir and remdesivir has shown overlap to some extent, making simultaneous determination difficult. Three advanced chemometric models, classical least squares, principal component regression, and partial least squares, have been developed to provide resolution and spectrophotometric determination of the drugs under study. A five-level, two-factor experimental design has been used to create the described models. The spectrally recorded data of favipiravir and remdesivir has been reviewed. The noise region has been neglected as it has a negative impact on the significant data. On the other hand, the other spectral data provided relevant information about the investigated drugs. A comprehensive evaluation and interpretation of the results of the described models and a statistical comparison with accepted values have been considered. The proposed models have been successfully applied to the spectrophotometric determination of favipiravir and remdesivir in pharmaceutical form spiked human plasma. In addition, the environmental friendliness of the described models was evaluated using the analytical eco-scale, the green analytical procedure index and the AGREE evaluation method. The results showed the compliance of the described models with the environmental characteristics.
Development of a robust induced pluripotent stem cell atrial cardiomyocyte differentiation protocol to model atrial arrhythmia
Authors: Thorpe Jordan , Perry Matthew D. , Contreras Osvaldo , Hurley Emily , Parker George , Harvey Richard P. , Hill Adam P. , Vandenberg Jamie I. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia syndrome and causes significant morbidity and mortality. Current therapeutics, however, have limited efficacy. Notably, many therapeutics shown to be efficacious in animal models have not proved effective in humans. Thus, there is a need for a drug screening platform based on human tissue. The aim of this study was to develop a robust protocol for generating atrial cardiomyocytes from human-induced pluripotent stem cells.

Methods
A novel protocol for atrial differentiation, with optimized timing of retinoic acid during mesoderm formation, was compared to two previously published methods. Each differentiation method was assessed for successful formation of a contractile syncytium, electrical properties assayed by optical action potential recordings and multi-electrode array electrophysiology, and response to the G-protein-gated potassium channel activator, carbamylcholine. Atrial myocyte monolayers, derived using the new differentiation protocol, were further assessed for cardiomyocyte purity, gene expression, and the ability to form arrhythmic rotors in response to burst pacing.

Results
Application of retinoic acid at day 1 of mesoderm formation resulted in a robust differentiation of atrial myocytes with contractile syncytium forming in 16/18 differentiations across two cell lines. Atrial-like myocytes produced have shortened action potentials and field potentials, when compared to standard application of retinoic acid at the cardiac mesoderm stage. Day 1 retinoic acid produced atrial cardiomyocytes are also carbamylcholine sensitive, indicative of active Ikach currents, which was distinct from ventricular myocytes and standard retinoic addition in matched differentiations. A current protocol utilizing reduced Activin A and BMP4 can produce atrial cardiomyocytes with equivalent functionality but with reduced robustness of differentiation; only 8/17 differentiations produced a contractile syncytium. The day 1 retinoic acid protocol was successfully applied to 6 iPSC lines (3 male and 3 female) without additional optimization or modification. Atrial myocytes produced could also generate syncytia with rapid conduction velocities, > 40 cm s−1, and form rotor style arrhythmia in response to burst pacing.

Conclusions
This method combines an enhanced atrial-like phenotype with robustness of differentiation, which will facilitate further research in human atrial arrhythmia and myopathies, while being economically viable for larger anti-arrhythmic drug screens.
Insights from a randomized controlled trial of flipped classroom on academic achievement: the challenge of student resistance
Authors: Buhl-Wiggers Julie , la Cour Lisbeth , Kjærgaard Annemette Leonhardt 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFlipped classroom has been found to positively influence student achievement but the magnitude of the effect varies greatly according to discipline and local design, and few studies have been methodologically rigorous enough to establish causal evidence. Using a randomized controlled trial, this study addresses a gap in current knowledge by exploring how student responses mediate the impact of flipped classroom on academic achievement. The empirical setting is a first-year undergraduate macroeconomics course with 415 students. Comparing students in the treatment group with those in a traditional class, we find a positive, yet statistically insignificant effect on academic achievement. However, this overall effect masks important mediating effects, as students were unexpectedly reluctant to actively participate in the flipped classroom intervention. Consequently, the intervention has a substantially greater effect on academic achievement when controlling for the mediating effect of student participation which leads to consideration of the challenges of student resistance to flipped classroom.
Analysis of low voltage ride-through capability and optimal control strategy of doubly-fed wind farms under symmetrical fault
Authors: Li Botong , Zheng Dingchuan , Li Bin , Jiao Xinru , Hong Qiteng , Ji Liang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGiven the “carbon neutralization and carbon peak” policy, enhancing the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability of wind farms has become a current demand to ensure the safe and stable operation of power systems in the context of a possible severe threat of large-scale disconnection caused by wind farms. Currently, research on the LVRT of wind farms mainly focuses on suppressing rotor current and providing reactive current support, while the impact of active current output on LVRT performance has not been thoroughly discussed. This paper studies and reveals the relationship between the limit of reactive current output and the depth of voltage drop during LVRT for doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farms. Specifically, the reactive current output limit of the grid-side converter is independent of the depth of voltage drop, and its limit is the maximum current allowed by the converter, while the reactive current output limit of the DFIG stator is a linear function of the depth of voltage drop. An optimized scheme for allocating reactive current among the STATCOM, DFIG stator, and grid-side converter is proposed. The scheme maximizes the output of active current while satisfying the standard requirements for reactive current output. Compared to traditional schemes, the proposed LVRT optimization strategy can output more active power during the LVRT period, effectively suppressing the rate of rotor speed increase, and improving the LVRT performance and fault recovery capability of wind farms. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
The simplified Chinese version of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) in individuals with knee osteoarthritis for mainland China: the study of reliability and validity
Authors: Yang Liying , Suttiwong Jatuporn , Fu Yanfen , Sinsurin Komsak 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) is a free clinical tool commonly used to evaluate the symptoms and functional status of patients with knee injury. For people who speak Chinese, the Hong Kong Chinese and Singapore Chinese versions are preferred. However, variations in the Chinese language and culture are influenced by the country’s geography. KOOS for Mainland China has not been reported. Therefore, the current study was to cross-culturally translate the original English version into a simplified Chinese version and to investigate its psychometric properties.

Methods
The simplified Chinese KOOS was obtained through forward-backward translation according to appropriate guidelines. A total of 158 individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) were recruited from 13 hospitals in China to examine the psychometric properties. The test-retest questionnaire was performed at an interval of 5–7 days. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha, respectively. The data of the first test were used to analyse the construct validity of the simplified Chinese KOOS and Chinese SF-36 through convergent and discriminant validity using Spearman’s correlation coefficient.

Results
Cross-cultural translation exhibited minor cultural differences, and the questionnaire was well understood by the patients. The data from 128 patients, used for the test-retest reliability study, showed good to excellent reliability, with an ICC of 0.808–0.976 for all KOOS subscales. The Cronbach’s alpha for all subscales ranged from 0.757 to 0.970, indicating acceptable internal consistency. There was a low-to-high correlation between the five domains of the simplified Chinese version of the KOOS and all domains of the SF-36 in construct validity.

Conclusion
The simplified Chinese KOOS demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity. In clinical practice and research, this version can help provide valuable information on health-related quality of life for Chinese individuals with KOA in mainland China.
Trends in Ilex paraguariensis researches: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Gonçalves Itamar Luís , Valduga Alice Teresa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Yerba-mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil) is a perennial South American plant widely investigated due to its effects on human health and chemical composition. Due to the presence of high levels of methylxanthines, phenolic compounds and saponins, yerba-mate is attractive under chemical and pharmacological aspects. Yerba-mate leaves are processed for the consumption of traditional beverages with a social, cultural and economic importance.

Results
Totally, 839 publications on the topic yerba-mate were identified in the Web of Science database, accumulating 15,365 citations with an h-index = 55. A text-based analysis of the abstract articles identified three main research fields: plant science, chemical composition and biological effects. These publications were distributed in 378 journals and involved the efforts of 3169 authors distributed in 48 countries and 681 organizations.

Conclusion
The results reported here are a first graphic overview of the yerba-mate scientific production considering the research areas, journals citation coupling and cooperation among countries, organizations and authors.
Adaption and pilot testing of a lay HIV supporter program for traditional healers: a mixed methods study in rural Uganda
Authors: Sundararajan Radhika , Ponticiello Matthew , Birch Giselle , Nuwagaba Gabriel , Alaiku Rinu , Nansera Denis , Mwanga-Amumpaire Juliet , Muyindike Winnie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Half of people living with HIV (PLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa default from care within two years. In Uganda, and across sub-Saharan Africa, traditional healers (TH) are ubiquitous and often serve as the first line of health care. We hypothesized that with lay support training, TH could support relinkage to HIV care and ART adherence among rural Ugandan PLWH who have defaulted from HIV care.

Methods
Following the ADAPT-ITT framework, we adapted an evidence-based layperson HIV support program from South Africa for delivery by Ugandan TH. The ADAPT-ITT framework consists of (1) Assessment of needs; (2) Deciding which evidence-based interventions to adapt; (3) Adaptation of interventions; (4) Production of drafted adapted interventions; (5) Topical expert feedback; (6) Integration of expert feedback; (7) Training personnel; and (8) Testing the adapted intervention. The Testing phase was completed via a pilot mixed methods prospective cohort study. The study population included 12 TH practicing in Mbarara Township and 20 adult PLWH with suboptimal ART adherence (CASE adherence index score < 10) who received care from a participating TH and who resided in Mbarara Township. Primary outcome was re-linkage to HIV care within 14 days. Secondary outcomes were ART re-initiation, ART adherence, retention in care after 9 months, and implementation measures. Qualitative interviews were conducted with all participants.

Results
Data from the Assessment phase indicated that logistical challenges played an important role in disengagement from care among PLWH who receive care from TH, notably geographical distance to clinics and transportation costs. Additionally, HIV-related stigma and lack of social support were identified as barriers to entering and remaining in HIV care. Two core elements of the intervention were identified during the Production phase: (1) TH facilitating rapid re-linkage to HIV care and (2) TH provision of psychosocial support. In the pilot study phase, baseline median CASE adherence score was 3; only 5% of PLWH were adherent to ART via 4-day recall. The TH-delivered support achieved 100% linkage and ART initiation within 14 days, 95% ART adherence, and 100% of PLWH were retained in HIV care after 9 months.

Conclusions
The ADAPT-ITT framework successfully guided the adaption of a community health worker-delivered intervention for delivery by TH. TH successfully facilitated re-linkage to HIV care, support ART adherence, and retention in care for PLWH when trained as part of a lay support person program. Future studies are needed to evaluate scale-up and long-term impact.
One-Year Survival and Prognosticators of Adults With Acute Leukemia at the Uganda Cancer Institute
Authors: Natukunda Barbra , Omoding Abrahams , Bongomin Felix , Mubiru Kelvin Roland , Ddungu Henry , Sekaggya-Wiltshire Christine , Mayanja-Kizza Harriet 
Published: July 2023

PURPOSE Acute leukemias are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly in the adult population. Despite an increasing burden of acute leukemia in developing countries, there are limited data on clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in this setting. In this study, we aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, survival, and prognostic factors of adults with acute leukemia at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI). METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2009 and December 2018, reviewing data of patients 18 years or older with a cytopathologic diagnosis of acute leukemia at UCI. Data were extracted on clinical and laboratory characteristics, response to treatment, and survival. Cox-proportional hazards regression and survival analysis were performed to determine survival rates and associated factors. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS In total, 233 participants were enrolled. Most (59.2%. n = 138) participants were male, with a median age of 32 years (IQR, 23-48 years), and 136 (58.4%) had AML. Overall, the 1-year survival was 16.5%, with a median survival time of 47 (IQR, 21-219) days. Predictors of mortality were being a female (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.8; 95% CI, 1.2 to 6.7; P = .022) and overweight (aHR, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.3 to 13.4; P = .015). Among the patients who had AML, the predictors were poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG; aHR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.6 to 6.2; P = .001) and HIV (aHR, 6.0; 95% CI, 1.7 to 20.5; P = .004). Among the patients who had ALL, the predictors were poor ECOG (aHR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3 to 4.1; P = .006). CONCLUSION Patients with acute leukemia in Uganda have poor overall survival. Prospective studies are recommended to better understand causes of early mortality.
Development and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Two Parenteral Formulations of Albendazole Using Prodrug and Cosolvent Approaches
Authors: Becerril-Vega José , Hernández-Campos Alicia , González-Hernández Iliana , Flores-Ramos Miguel , Castillo Rafael , Leyva-Gómez Gerardo , Mayet-Cruz Lourdes , Jung-Cook Helgi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlbendazole is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic drug used for parasitic infections. In addition, due to its mechanism of action, it has been studied as an anticancer agent. However, poor and highly variable bioavailability are limiting factors for its use in systemic illnesses. The present study aimed to develop two parenteral formulations of albendazole and to compare its pharmacokinetic profile with the conventional oral administration. Parenteral formulations were developed using two different approaches: a phosphonooxymethylated prodrug and cosolvents. For the albendazole prodrug, once synthetized, its solubility and hydrolysis with alkaline phosphatase were evaluated. A factorial design of experiments was used for the cosolvent formulation. Stability and hemolytic activity were assessed. A pharmacokinetic study was performed on New Zealand rabbits. Both formulations were administered intravenously, and the prodrug was also administered intramuscularly. Results were compared with those obtained after the oral administration of albendazole. A 20,000-fold and 6000-fold increase in albendazole solubility was found with the prodrug and cosolvent formulations, respectively. Both parenteral formulations displayed higher albendazole plasma concentrations for the first 2 h compared with oral administration, even when the oral dose was doubled. The absolute bioavailability of oral albendazole was 15.5% while for the intramuscular administration of the prodrug was 102.6%. Both parenteral formulations showed a significant decrease in the formation of albendazole sulfoxide (ANOVA p<0.05) and allowed greater exposure to albendazole. Albendazole cosolvent parenteral formulation could be a promising option in systemic illnesses considering its ease of preparation and superb pharmacokinetic performance.
Graphical abstract
Semaglutide for Treating Obesity Induced by Craniopharyngioma Resection: A Successful Case Study
Authors: Sciacovelli Cristina , Moschione Ginevra , Garelli Silvia , Pagotto Uberto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Surgical treatment of craniopharyngioma often leads to a rapid and dramatic weight gain, leading to hypothalamic obesity. Treatment focused on the diet, physical activity, and different types of drugs have very often provided unsatisfactory results. To date, no data have been reported on hypothalamic obesity (HO) regarding the use of semaglutide, a novel type 1 receptor glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, to limit body weight gain after surgical removal of a neoplasm, despite its already documented efficacy in obesity treatment. In this case report, we tested semaglutide in an 18-year-old patient with HO induced by a surgical intervention for craniopharyngioma. A very favorable treatment response was found in terms of body weight reduction and improvement in metabolic parameters. Our patient lost more than than 30 kg after only 6 months of therapy, which has never been reported before in the literature on HO.
Thermal Ablation for Treating Tumor-induced Osteomalacia in a Patient With IV Phosphate Dependency
Authors: van Velsen Evert F S , Geeraedts Tychon E A , Bosman Ariadne , Zillikens M Carola 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome associated with tumors secreting fibroblast growth factor 23 that can be cured with complete surgical resection of the tumor. However, when these tumors are at difficult locations, less invasive modalities such as thermal ablation (TA) might be a good alternative. A 40-year-old woman was seen for a second opinion because of severe hypophosphatemia with complaints of fatigue, myalgia, and muscle weakness for which she needed IV phosphate for 15 to 18 hours per day in addition to oral alfacalcidol and phosphate. Initial laboratory results revealed hypophosphatemia (0.59 mmol/L [1.83 mg/dL]; reference range, 0.90-1.50 mmol/L [8.40-10.2 mg/dL]), increased fibroblast growth factor 23 levels (137 RU/mL; reference range, &lt;125 RU/mL), and a reduced TmP-GFR (0.47 mmol/L; reference range, 0.8-1.4 mmol/L). Gallium-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) showed moderately increased uptake at thoracic vertebra (Th) 8 and mildly increased uptake at Th7, suggestive of TIO. Complete tumor removal would have required resection of at least 1 vertebral body. Therefore, CT-guided TA was performed at Th8. No complications were observed, and in the months after, treatment with IV phosphate could be discontinued, indicating a satisfying result from the procedure. This extreme TIO case demonstrates that CT-guided TA can be an alternative to extensive or risky classical surgery.
Against Prose: Poetry's Defense, Definition, and Dichotomization
Authors: LeRud Lizzy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUses of “poetry” and “prose” as literary categories have shifted dramatically over the last two or three centuries: a dichotomy emerged between these two that had not existed before, at least not in quite the same way. Attention to this shift has focused primarily on the rise of prose fiction, especially the novel, leading many to overemphasize the role prose genres played in this paradigm shift. In fact, an emergent poetry-prose dichotomy enabled and was enabled by a wide range of discourses about art, culture, politics, and ethics as well as sciences. Exploring a range of such discourses, this essay argues that the modern poetry-prose dichotomy facilitated several key debates focused less on prose and more on poetry's cultural value, ultimately enabling some of poetry's defenders to project their anxieties about Western cultural decline on the perceived deteriorating status of what's classed as “poetry.”