bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of influencing factors of postoperative myasthenic crisis in 564 patients with myasthenia gravis in a single center
Authors: Jiao Peng , Wu Fanjuan , Liu Yuxing , Wu Jiangyu , Sun Yaoguang , Tian Wenxin , Yu Hanbo , Huang Chuan , Li Donghang , Wu Qingjun , Ma Chao , Tong Hongfeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo study the influencing factors of myasthenic crisis in patients with myasthenia gravis during perioperative period.MethodsA total of 564 myasthenia gravis (MG) patients who underwent standard expanded resection of thymoma/thymoma in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Beijing Hospital from January 2011 to March 2022 were retrospectively included in the study. Clinical indicators such as gender, age, thymoma, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and some others were recorded.ResultsOsserman‐stages IIB + III + IV (odds ratio [OR] 16.091, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.170–50.076, p value < 0.001), the dosage of pyridostigmine bromide more than 240 mg (OR 6.462, 95% CI 3.110–13.427, p value < 0.001), ASA score 2 and 3 (OR 3.203, 95% CI 1.461–7.020, p value = 0.004), low diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO%) (OR 0.981, 95% CI 0.963–1.000 p value = 0.049), and blood loss greater than 1000 ml (OR 16.590, 95% CI 1.911–144.011, p value = 0.011) were independent risk factors for myasthenic crisis.ConclusionsPatients with poor Osserman stages, higher preoperative dosage of pyridostigmine bromide, higher ASA score, poor pulmonary function (low DLCO%), and more intraoperative bleeding should be highly vigilant for the occurrence of postoperative myasthenic crisis.
Regional ecological forecasting across scales: A manifesto for a biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Slingsby Jasper A. , Wilson Adam M. , Maitner Brian , Moncrieff Glenn R. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Iterative near‐term ecological forecasting has great promise to provide vital information to decision‐makers while improving our ecological understanding, yet several logistical and fundamental challenges remain. The ecoinformatics requirements are onerous to develop and maintain, posing a barrier to entry for regions where funding and expertise are limited, and there are fundamental challenges to developing forecasts that fulfil information needs spanning spatial, temporal and biological scales.

Using the hyperdiverse Cape Floristic Region of South Africa as a case study, we propose that developing regionally focussed sets of ecological forecasts will help resolve logistical challenges faced by under‐resourced regions of the world, while comparison or coupling of models across scales will facilitate new fundamental insights. We review information needs and existing models for the region and explore how they could be developed into a set of linked iterative near‐term forecasts.

Comparing or coupling ecological forecasts from different scales within the same domain has much potential to provide new insights for decision‐makers and ecologists alike. They allow us to quantitatively link processes in space and time, potentially revealing feedbacks, interconnections and emergent properties, while providing powerful tools for testing decision scenarios and identifying trade‐offs or unanticipated outcomes. While the development of multiple or combined ecological forecasts that span scales is not trivial, there are logistical gains to be made from developing shared ecoinformatics pipelines that feed multiple models. Even where useful forecasts do not yet exist, the pipelines can be of great value in their own right, delivering frequent and up‐to‐date information to decision‐makers while providing the basis for forecast development and other scientific research.

Viewed together, regionally focussed approaches to ecological forecasting present a compelling opportunity to overcome logistical constraints and to integrate across multiple scales of organisation, ultimately improving our understanding and management of ecosystems.
Respiratory virome profiles reflect antiviral immune responses
Authors: Rovira Rubió Judit , Megremis Spyridon , Pasioti Maria , Lakoumentas John , Constantinides Bede , Xepapadaki Paraskevi , Bachert Claus , Finotto Susetta , Jartti Tuomas , Andreakos Evangelos , Stanic Barbara , Akdis Cezmi A. , Akdis Mübeccel , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundFrom early life, respiratory viruses are implicated in the development, exacerbation and persistence of respiratory conditions such as asthma. Complex dynamics between microbial communities and host immune responses shape immune maturation and homeostasis, influencing health outcomes. We evaluated the hypothesis that the respiratory virome is linked to systemic immune responses, using peripheral blood and nasopharyngeal swab samples from preschool‐age children in the PreDicta cohort.MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cells from 51 children (32 asthmatics and 19 healthy controls) participating in the 2‐year multinational PreDicta cohort were cultured with bacterial (Bacterial‐DNA, LPS) or viral (R848, Poly:IC, RV) stimuli. Supernatants were analysed by Luminex for the presence of 22 relevant cytokines. Virome composition was obtained using untargeted high throughput sequencing of nasopharyngeal samples. The metagenomic data were used for the characterization of virome profiles and the presence of key viral families (Picornaviridae, Anelloviridae, Siphoviridae). These were correlated to cytokine secretion patterns, identified through hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis.ResultsHigh spontaneous cytokine release was associated with increased presence of Prokaryotic virome profiles and reduced presence of Eukaryotic and Anellovirus profiles. Antibacterial responses did not correlate with specific viral families or virome profile; however, low antiviral responders had more Prokaryotic and less Eukaryotic virome profiles. Anelloviruses and Anellovirus‐dominated profiles were equally distributed among immune response clusters. The presence of Picornaviridae and Siphoviridae was associated with low interferon‐λ responses. Asthma or allergy did not modify these correlations.ConclusionAntiviral cytokine responses at a systemic level reflect the upper airway virome composition. Individuals with low innate interferon responses have higher abundance of Picornaviruses (mostly Rhinoviruses) and bacteriophages. Bacteriophages, particularly Siphoviridae, appear to be sensitive sensors of host antimicrobial capacity, while Anelloviruses are not correlated with TLR‐induced immune responses.
Perceived respect from the adversary group can improve intergroup attitudes in a context of intractable conflict
Authors: Nasie Meytal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRespect has been found to play a crucial role in human relationships including intergroup relations. Its presence has a significant positive influence in shaping the character of all relationship interactions. In intractable violent conflicts, there is almost no space for gestures of respect between adversarial parties, and the prevailing phenomenon is a mutual disrespect that fuels the conflict. This study examines a novel and challenging intervention that aims to induce in laboratory experiments, for the first time, perceptions of respect from adversary group members in the context of intractable intergroup conflict. In addition, this research examines the effect of perceived respect from the adversary on attitudes and perceptions towards the adversary group and the conflict. In three experimental studies (N = 1261) in the context of the Israeli‐Palestinian conflict, we manipulated expressions of respect from the Palestinian adversary group members and presented them to Jewish Israelis. Results revealed that, a group involved in a prolonged violent conflict may perceive respect from its adversary outgroup, and the perceived respect from the adversary in turn predicts improvement in attitudes and perceptions towards the adversary group and the conflict. These findings underline the important role of respect in intergroup conflict and its role in mitigating the conflict.
Ginsenoside Rg3 alleviates the migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of lung cancer cells by inhibiting the expressions of cyclooxygenase‐2 and vascular endothelial growth factor
Authors: Lv Qun , Xia Zehai , Huang Yihui , Ruan Zhaoyang , Wang Jianjun , Huang Zhangdan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLung cancer (LC) is a common cancer with high incidence and mortality rates. In recent years, ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3), a traditional medicine, is widely used for the treatment of LC. Herein, we concentrate on assessing the effect of Rg3 on LC cell migration and invasion. The effects of Rg3 (0, 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) on the viability, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and expressions of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related proteins, cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) of LC cell lines were evaluated by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8), scratch, transwell, tube formation, and western blot assays. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was performed to assess transfection efficiency. COX2 overexpression plasmid and short hairpin RNA for VEGF (shVEGF) were applied to evaluate whether the effect of Rg3 is related to COX2 and VEGF through rescue assay. In this study, Rg3 significantly dose‐dependently suppressed the viability, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and protein expressions of N‐cadherin, vimentin, COX2, and VEGF in H1299 and A549 cells, while promoting the expression of E‐cadherin protein. COX2 overexpression markedly reversed the effects of Rg3 on the viability, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and EMT‐related protein expression levels in LC cells; however, such effects of COX2 overexpression were offset by VEGF knockdown. In sum, Rg3 alleviates the migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of LC cells by inhibiting the expressions of COX2 and VEGF.
Comparable kidney transplant outcomes in selected patients with a body mass index ≥ 40: A personalized medicine approach to recipient selection
Authors: Jacobs Marie L. , Dhaliwal Karanpreet , Harriman David I. , Rogers Jeffrey , Stratta Robert J. , Farney Alan C. , Orlando Giuseppe , Reeves‐Daniel Amber , Jay Colleen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionMany kidney transplant (KT) centers decline patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m2. This study's aim was to evaluate KT outcomes according to recipient BMI.MethodsWe performed a single‐center, retrospective review of adult KTs comparing BMI ≥40 patients (n = 84, BMI = 42 ± 2 kg/m2) to a matched BMI < 40 cohort (n = 84, BMI = 28 ± 5 kg/m2). Patients were matched for age, gender, race, diabetes, and donor type.ResultsBMI ≥40 patients were on dialysis longer (5.2 ± 3.2 years vs. 4.1 ± 3.5 years, p = .03) and received lower kidney donor profile index (KDPI) kidneys (40 ± 25% vs. 53 ± 26%, p = .003). There were no significant differences in prevalence of delayed graft function, reoperations, readmissions, wound complications, patient survival, or renal function at 1 year. Long‐term graft survival was higher for BMI ≥40 patients, including after adjusting for KDPI (BMI ≥40: aHR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.09–2.9). BMI ≥40 patients had similar BMI change in the first year post‐transplant (delta BMI: BMI ≥ 40 +.9 ± 3.3 vs. BMI < 40 +1.1 ± 3.2, p = .59).ConclusionsOverall outcomes after KT were comparable in BMI ≥40 patients compared to a matched cohort with lower BMI with improved long‐term graft survival in obese patients. BMI‐based exclusion criteria for KT should be reexamined in favor of a more individualized approach.
Outcomes of heart transplant recipients bridged with percutaneous versus durable left ventricular assist devices
Authors: Xia Yu , Kim Juka S. , Eng Isabel K. , Nsair Ali , Ardehali Abbas , Shemin Richard J. , Kwon Murray H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe new United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) heart allocation policy prioritizes temporary percutaneous over durable left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) as bridge to transplant. We sought to examine 1‐year outcomes of heart transplant recipients bridged with Impella versus durable LVADs.MethodsAll primary adult orthotopic heart transplant recipients registered in UNOS between January 2016 and June 2021 were analyzed. Recipients were identified as being bridged with isolated durable or percutaneous LVAD at the time of transplant. Baseline characteristics were compared and 1‐year survival was examined using the Kaplan Meier method and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.Results: During our study period, heart transplant recipients bridged with LVADs were divided between 5422(94%) durable and 324(6%) percutaneous options. Impella‐bridged recipients were more likely to be status 1A under the old allocation system (98% vs. 70%, p < .01) and status 2 or higher under the new allocation system (99% vs. 24%, p < .01). Impella‐bridged recipients were less likely to be obese (27% vs. 42%, p < .01), have ischemic cardiomyopathy (27% vs. 34%, p < .01), and were more likely to be on inotropic agents at the time of transplant (68% vs. 6%, p < .01). One‐year post‐transplant survival was not significantly different between the two groups on univariable (HR .87, 95% CI .56–1.37) or multivariable analysis (aHR .63, 95% CI .37–1.07).ConclusionsFollowing the UNOS allocation policy change, Impella utilization has increased with no significant difference in 1‐year survival compared to bridge with durable LVADs. Impella may be a reasonable alternative to durable LVADs in select patients.
Efficacy and safety of basal‐first titration order in individuals with type 2 diabetes receiving short‐term intensive insulin therapy: An exploratory analysis of BEYOND V
Authors: Li Yijun , Yu Dongni , Guo Lixin , Mu Yiming , Wan Hailong , Wang Junfen , Xu Binhua , Wang Guoping , Jiang Chengxia , Liang Li , Zhang Jiewen , Liu Jingcheng , Zhang Minlu , Cui Nan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsTo present the results of an exploratory analysis of the BEYOND V study in which Chinese individuals with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2D) received short‐term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT) during study run‐in (prior to randomization) using a basal‐first insulin titration method.Materials and methodsThis was exclusively an exploratory analysis of the 7‐ to 10‐day run‐in period of BEYOND V. Participants were hospitalized and had oral therapies withdrawn (except metformin). They received SIIT with once‐daily insulin glargine and three‐times‐daily premeal insulin glulisine, titrated daily from a total starting dose of 0.4 to 0.5 units/kg/d, first adjusting insulin glargine to achieve fasting blood glucose (FBG) of 4.4 to 6.1 mmol/L (79 to 119 mg/dL), then insulin glulisine to achieve pre‐meal blood glucose of 4.4 to 6.1 mmol/L. Key outcomes were the proportions of participants achieving FBG and 2‐hour postprandial blood glucose (PBG) targets.ResultsOverall, 397 entered the run‐in (mean 54.2 years, 235 males [59.2%]). At the end of SIIT, 374/396 participants (94.4%) had both FBG <7.0 mmol/L (<126 mg/dL) and 2‐hour PBG <10 mmol/L (<180 mg/dL) and 282/396 (71.2%) had both FBG <6.1 mmol/L (<100 mg/dL) and 2‐hour PBG <10 mmol/L. The mean first time taken to achieve FBG <7 mmol/L, 2‐hour PBG <10 mmol/L, and both, was 4.35, 3.88, and 5.04 days, respectively. Hypoglycaemia occurred in 99 participants (24.9%). There was no severe hypoglycaemia.ConclusionsTitrating basal insulin first is an effective and safe method of SIIT in individuals with T2D, rapidly achieving target glucose levels with a relatively low rate of hypoglycaemia.
Screening for subclinical synovial proliferation in haemophilia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis comparing physical examination and ultrasound
Authors: van Leeuwen Flora H. P. , Timmer Merel A. , de Jong Pim A. , Fischer Kathelijn , Foppen Wouter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionUltrasound is increasingly used as addition to physical examination for detection of subclinical joint changes in haemophilia. However, the added value of ultrasound to physical examination for detecting synovial proliferation is not fully established.AimTo determine the diagnostic accuracy of swelling at physical examination for ultrasound‐detected synovial proliferation in haemophilia.MethodsPubMed and EMBASE were searched up to 2 August 2022. Studies reporting original data on occurrence of swelling at physical examination and synovial proliferation on ultrasound of index joints in persons with haemophilia were included. Risk of bias and applicability were assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS‐2) tool. Diagnostic accuracy parameters of swelling at physical examination for ultrasound‐detected synovial proliferation were determined. Summary sensitivity and specificity were calculated using a bivariate random‐effects model.ResultsFifteen studies reporting on swelling at physical examination and synovial proliferation on ultrasound in 2890 joints of 627 patients were included. Prevalence of subclinical synovial proliferation ranged between 0% and 55%. Sensitivity of swelling was low [summary estimate .34; 95% confidence interval (CI) .24‐.46], while specificity was high (summary estimate .97; CI .92‐.99). Predictive values varied widely due to inter‐study differences in prevalence of synovial proliferation.ConclusionJoint swelling has low sensitivity for presence of ultrasound‐detected synovial proliferation in haemophilia, suggesting underestimation of synovial proliferation by physical examination alone. Consequently, ultrasound screening may generate important information on synovial changes which would otherwise remain undetected.
Chinese quince proanthocyanidins enhance frying performance and suppress heterocyclic aromatic amine formation in soybean oil
Authors: Zhang Chen‐Xia , Wang Shou‐Tao , Li Meng‐Le , Ma Wei‐Wei , Zhang Mi , Qin Zhao , Wang Xue‐De , Liu Hua‐Min , Ma Yu‐Xiang 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Chinese quince proanthocyanidins (PAs) on the deterioration and heterocyclic aromatic amine (HAA) formation in soybean oil when used for deep‐fat frying, one tea polyphenol (Tea‐PP) and two PAs (PA‐100 and PA‐140) (200 mg/kg) were added to soybean oils. While all three retarded the accumulation of oil degradation products and enhanced performance of frying oil, as well as reduced the formation of HAAs, both PA‐100 and PA‐140 performed better than Tea‐PP. Adding PA‐100 and PA‐140 not only decreased the increase in oxidation indices and lossy of tocopherols but also inhibited HAA formation by 14.82%–30.64% and 19.52%–54.24%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that PA‐140 always had a stronger effect than PA‐100 in concurrently enhancing frying performance and suppressing the generation of HAAs. This study provides evidence for using PAs from Chinese quince as the stabilisers of frying oils and inhibitors of HAA formation in these oils in the food industry.
Potential of the passion fruit mesocarp flour as a source of pectin and its application as thickener and gelling agent
Authors: Silva Juliana Resende Gonçalves , de Resende Eder Dutra 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe industrial processing of passion fruit produces a huge quantity of rinds. This work evaluates the physicochemical and technological characteristics of passion fruit mesocarp flour (MF) and its pectin (PM), aiming to replace the commercial citrus pectin (PC) used as thickener and gelling agent. The pectin PM presented the lower degree of esterification (68.0%), content of galacturonic acids (72.0%) and molar mass than the pectin PC. Gels made with MF, pectin PM and pectin PC were formed at all concentrations (1%, 2% and 3%) and showed non‐Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid behaviour. Gel made with 3% MF (0.75% pectin) presented the higher hardness and viscosity than 1% PC gel, but the lower gel strength. The MF flour and its pectin PM have very good technological potential, when compared to the commercial pectin PC, mainly as thickener agent.
Industrial verification of egg handling for meal preparation: a case study of professional engagement with application of remote design thinking during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: da Silva Gabriela Marcelino , de Paiva Anciens Ramos Gustavo Luis , Barreto Camila , Schiavone Tatiana , de Carvalho da Hora Iracema Maria , Walter Eduardo Henrique Miranda 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe COVID‐19 pandemic generated impacts on all segments of society, including the food industry, which had to adapt to the reality of greater demand and increased costs. During the pandemic period, the new Brazilian legislation on microbiological food standards came into force, demanding documentary evidence of the adequacy of production processes and food safety. Every day, the need for international cooperation, local actions and agile working methods becomes more evident. The objective of this work was to engage professionals remotely to verify a new egg handling process in a food industry, where powdered eggs were replaced by the in natura form during the pandemic. A process description was developed with a flowchart and microbiological sampling plan to verify the process, using the design thinking method, conducted by videoconference by professionals from four microbiology laboratories together with professors, researchers and industry technicians. The analysis results proved the microbiological adequacy of the egg handling process. The method of remote decision‐making by design thinking and the engagement of different laboratories and professionals intends to subsidise other food and food service industries, making it possible to structure the monitoring and verification of food processes, in an agile and economical way.
Formation of slowly digestible, amylose–lipid complexes in extruded wholegrain pearl millet flour
Authors: Torres‐Aguilar Pablo Cesar , Hayes Anna Marie Rose , Yepez Ximena , Martinez Mario Martinez , Hamaker Bruce Rankin 
Published: January 2023

SummaryPearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is one of the most promising but underutilised crops in sub‐Saharan Africa. Here, we evaluated the use of extrusion cooking of wholegrain pearl millet related to the formation of amylose–lipid complexes (ALCs) and their potential effect on slowing starch digestion. Thermal properties (differential scanning calorimetry), fatty acid (FA) profiles (derivatization followed by gas chromatography), ALC dissociation (hexane extraction followed by derivatization and gas chromatography) and in vitro starch digestibility (α‐amylase digestion assay) were determined for wholegrain and decorticated pearl millet flours in both native and extruded states. Extrusion cooking melted stable type II complexes naturally present in native flours into type I complexes characterised by a melting endotherm in the 82–112 °C range. Extrusion caused the formation of ALC‐containing mono‐ and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which were not found in native flours. Extruded instant flours exhibited a moderated release of reducing sugars compared to cooked native samples and the effect was more pronounced in the wholegrain flour. This effect was lost when the extruded samples were cooked, though instant flours would retain the effect if rehydrated with warm rather than boiling hot water. When extruded, wholegrain millet had some enhancement of a slow digestion effect.