bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bank Secrecy (A Comparative Study)
Authors: قادر أحمد محمد 
Published: August 2023

Banks usually work to protect the secrets of their customers in order to protect the credit and it is not permissible to disclose these secrets but only in certain cases for the benefit of the credit or in exceptional cases estimated by law. The present study sheds light on the trends of comparative legislation on the protection of bank secrecy between Iraqi and French laws. The Iraqi law regulated the banking secrecy in the articles (52-49) of the Banking Law, and the French legislator regulated banking secrecy in the Article (57). The legislator also regulated in the law of monetary the financial professional secrecy in Article (511-33) and its paragraphs which prohibited the managers of Banks and its employees to reveal the financial information belonging to the clients of the banks.
Banks in Iraq and France are subject to the control of the Central Bank and are committed to its regulations especially to reveal and inform about any suspected financial operations or crimes. Banning revealing bank secrecy shall be subject to any information relating to the affairs of the bank or its customers or other banks subject to the supervision of the Central Bank. Finally, the study recommends increasing the penalty for the crime of disclosure of bank secrecy.
Fornos incineradores para controle de resíduos biológicos
Authors: Hernández Yusdel Díaz , Zulueta Alberto Antonio Fiol 
Published: August 2023

As primeiras cremações conhecidas ocorreram na área costeira do Mediterrâneo no período neolítico, mas diminuíram durante o estabelecimento da cultura semítica naquela área por volta do terceiro milênio a.C. A cremação era amplamente observada como uma prática bárbara no Antigo Oriente, usada apenas por necessidade em tempos de peste bubónica. Os babilônios, segundo Heródoto, no segundo milênio a.C embalsamavam seus mortos e os persas puniam com pena de morte quem tentasse a cremação, com um regulamento especial para a purificação do fogo profano. Na Europa, existem vestígios de cremações que datam do início da Idade do Bronze (2000 a.C) na planície da Panônia e ao longo do meio do Danúbio. O costume tornou-se dominante durante a Idade do Bronze com a Cultura em Campos da Urna (1300 a.C). Na Idade do Ferro, o enterro tornou-se novamente mais comum, mas a cremação persistiu na cultura Villanova e em outros lugares. Homero comenta sobre o funeral de Patroclo, descrevendo sua cremação e seu subsequente enterro em um monte semelhante aos da cultura de Campos de Urnas sendo qualificado como a descrição mais antiga dos ritos de cremação. As primeiras cremações podem ter sido ligadas a ideias de imolação pelo fogo, como Taranis, o deus do paganismo celta. A religião hindu é notável não apenas por permitir, mas também por prescrevê-la. A cremação na Índia é atestada no ano (1900 a.C), considerado o estágio formativo da civilização védica. A cremação era comum, mas não universal, tanto na Grécia quanto em Roma. O cristianismo desaprovava a cremação influenciada pelos princípios do judaísmo e em uma tentativa de abolir os rituais pagãos greco-romanos. Por volta do século V d.C. a prática da cremação havia desaparecido da Europa.
REALIZATION OF THE SPEECH ACT OF REFUSALS AMONG MALAY ESL STUDENTS
Authors: Saad Norma , Bidin Siti Jamilah , Shabdin Ahmad Affendi 
Published: August 2023

Refusing to participate in an action is a negative response that might lead to a dispute and jeopardise the connection between the hearer and the speaker. To avoid the conflict that may arise when a speaker must decline a request, the speaker must offer an acceptable refusal and adjust to the position of the interlocutor as well as the circumstances of the situation. This study examined the strategies and sequence order of the strategies employed by Malay speakers of English as a second language (MSE) when they refused requests made by higher and equal status interlocutors. Twelve MSE undergraduates from a local university participated in the study. Data were collected using an open role-play which were transcribed, classified into semantic refusal strategies (Beebe et al., 1990) and categorized into the types of sequence orders of the strategies. The findings revealed that the MSE preferred indirect strategies when refusing higher and equal status interlocutors’ requests. When using direct strategies, they opted for lesser and the least degree of directness. The sequence orders of the strategies employed to refuse both interlocutors were also similar; immediate refusal and delayed refusal. However, they deferred in terms of their preference between the two types of sequence orders and the specific strategies used in the pre-refusal, head act and post-refusal. These variations show their effort to adapt to the status of their interlocutors; higher and equal status and the given situations. Their use of strategies at the post-refusal for both interlocutors were varied and lengthier compared to the sequence orders revealed in the previous studies. The findings reflect the participants’ effort to search for equilibrium between upholding their stance and at the same time remain respectful in the case of their employer and being concerned toward their friend. These findings provide pragmatic input which could be utilized by English language teachers to develop their students’ ability to use socially appropriate language for the situation they encounter in the Malaysian context.
Optimum Regularization Parameter C in Support Vector Machine (SVM) Binary Classification
Authors: Ahmed Ishtiaque 
Published: August 2023

<p>Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are widely used learning algorithms for data classification. In machine learning algorithms, such as the SVM approach, one or more parameters control the smoothness of the solution and are required to be tuned for the optimum solution. Such parameters are called regularization parameters, which are critical in building robust and accurate algorithms to prevent overfitting and underfitting. In SVM, the regularization parameter, denoted by C, regularizes the training loss of misclassified data. Traditionally, the value of C is first set to one, and if after training the data, misclassifications are observed, C is tuned by K-fold Cross-Validation (CV) method, which is a time- consuming process. This thesis aims to rigorously analyze and study the behavior of the C value in SVM. The analysis shows that for the case of a linearly separable dataset, setting the value of C to one does not always provide the optimum solution, and in addition, it is shown that there exists a Minimum Acceptance Value (MAV) for C as a function of Separability and Scatteredness (S&S). S&S is a new notion that is defined in this thesis, inspired by the Signal-to-Noise ratio (SNR) definition and is shown to be a critical parameter in the analysis of SVM classifiers. The study is further extended for the case of linearly non-separable dataset, and it has shown that a lookup table based on the analysis of bias-variance tradeoff (BVB C-Table) provides the optimum value of C, which not only outperforms but also is much faster than, the existing k-fold CV. For example, in a simple binary classification scenario, a typical k-fold cross-validation can take more than two hours, whereas the proposed method requires only a couple of minutes in a python-based environment. Due to its efficiency, the proposed method of choosing the regularization parameter enables online binary classification and will have potential benefits in One-vs-All and One-vs-One SVM classification. </p>
Network Traffic Classification for Internet of Things Based on Deep Learning Models
Authors: Kuruba Manjunath Yoga Suhas 
Published: August 2023

<p>Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interconnected computing devices. The continuous growth of the number of IoT devices leads to expansive traffic. It is crucial to study the behaviour of network flows for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to manage the performance of the IoT network. The Network Traffic Classifier (NTC) is the foremost essential tool in finding the network flows and behavioural aspects of a network such as network latency, volume, bandwidth consumption and many more. The success of deep learning models extended to the NTC as well. The current deep learning based solutions for the NTC contributed to considerable success. However, the current so- lutions are proposed to classify the flows that are captured in monitored network. In the real world, IoT traffic is diverse and heterogeneous in nature. Therefore in the ever-evolving IoT world, it is challenging to keep up the classification model trained with flows that are captured in controlled environment. Hence, in this research the effort is made to design the model that can classify the traffic flows from real world. A supervised deep learning method is proposed to classify network traffic and chi-square algorithm is used to select the features that can provide best information about the flows. The proposed method achieves 70% accuracy. The time distribution wrapper over the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is employed to extract the network features. The Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) layer is applied to classify the network flows. The thesis explains a detailed study of feature engineering, successful deep learning models, and the research results. </p>
Hand Gesture Recognition Using CNN & Publication of World’s Largest ASL Database
Authors: Kannoth Ashwin 
Published: August 2023

<p>Sign language is used throughout the world by the hearing impaired to communicate. Recent advancements in Computer Vision and Deep Learning has given rise to many machine learning based translators. In this research report, a solution to recognize the English alphabet presented as static signs in the American Sign Language (ASL) is proposed. The classifications are achieved by a four layer CNN. The model is trained and tested on a dataset created for this project. This dataset will be published as a contribution to the community and is currently the world’s largest ASL database consisting of 624,000 images. Split into two sections, the database contains images in both the IR and RGB spectrum. Classifications on both sets of data achieve state-of-the-art when compared to similar research. An accuracy of 99.89% and 99.91% are achieved when classifying the IR and RGB datasets respectively. </p>
Pelatihan Senam Kaki Pada Penyandang Diabetes Melitus dalam Upaya Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah dan Pencegahan Komplikasi Diabetes Pada Kaki (Diabetes Foot)
Authors: Septimar Zahrah Maulidia , Sari Dewi Nurpuspita , Iko Desy Auliani , Mutia Fitri 
Published: August 2023

Abstrak
Senam kaki merupakan latihan yang dilakukan bagi penderita Diabetes Melittus (DM) atau bukan penderita untuk mencegah terjadinya luka dan membantu melancarkan peredaran darah bagian kaki.Perawat sebagai salah satu tim kesehatan, selain berperan dalam memberikan edukasi kesehatan juga dapat berperan dalam membimbing penderita DM untuk melakukan senam kaki sampai dengan penderita dapat melakukan senam kaki secara mandiri. Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat dengan judul ”Pelatihan Senam Kaki Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Dalam Upaya Pencegahan Komplikasi Diabetes Pada Kaki (Diabetes Foot)” telah dilaksanakan.di Perumahan Bumi Indah Pasar Kemis Tangerang Banten. Metode yang dilakukan adalah penyuluhan dan pelatihan yang bertujuan meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat serta masyarakat dapat melakukan demonstrasi senam kaki. Dari kegiatan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa seluruh peserta (100%) memahami tentang diabetes melitus , tujuan dilakukannya senam kaki, mengetahui manfaat senam kaki, mengetahui indikasi dan kontraindikasi senam kaki dan antusias, perhatian serta aktif selama kegiatan pelatihan senam kaki.
Promosi Dukungan Kesehatan Jiwa dan Psikososial Pada Masyarakat di Wilayah Propinsi Nusa Tengga Barat
Authors: Sumartyawati Ni Made , Santosa I Made Eka , Sukardin Sukardin , Marvia Eva 
Published: August 2023

Pandemi COVID-19 merupakan bencana non alam yang dapat memberikan dampak pada kondisi kesehatan jiwa dan psikososial setiap orang. Sampai dengan tanggal 25 Maret 2020, dilaporkan total kasus konfirmasi COVID-19 sejumlah 414.179 dengan 18.440 kematian (CFR 4,4%) yang dilaporkan di 192 negara/wilayah. Di antara kasus tersebut, sudah ada beberapa petugas kesehatan yang dilaporkan terinfeksi COVID-19. Pada tanggal 12 April 2020, Indonesia melaporkan kasus konfirmasi COVID-19 sebanyak 4.241 kasus. Menurut WHO (2020), munculnya pandemi menimbulkan stres pada berbagai lapisam masyarakat. Mengingat adanya risiko peningkatan masalah kesehatan jiwa dan gangguan kejiwaan akibat COVID-19 di masyarakat, maka perlu dilakukannya pencegahan dan peningkatan kesehatan jiwa di masyarakat. Promosi kesehatan merupakan cara yang paling efektif dilakukan, terutama menggunakan metode daring (dalam jaringan). Metode online (dalam jaringan) merupakan sarana yang paling tepat digunakan di era pandemi. Nusa Tengga Barat merupakan salah satu propinsi terbanyak dan pernah berada pada posisi sepuluh besar dari seluruh propinsi yang ada di Indonesia terhadap laporan terkonfirmasi COVID-19. Oleh karena itu promosi dukungan kesehatan jiwa dan psikososial pada masyarakat Nusa tenggara Barat sangat diperlukan. Kegiatan dukungan kesehatan jiwa dan psikososial pada masyarakat ini dikemas dalam bentuk pelatihan dengan pesertanya adalah relawan yang berasal dari kalangan mahasiswa keperawatan. Pelatihan dilaksanakan selama 3 jam dalam sehari selama 4 hari dan setiap hari pada akhir sesi relawan mendapatkan penugasan rekruitmen keluarga binaan.
Peningkatan Kekuatan Otot dan Penurunan Nyeri Sendi dengan Latihan ROM pada Pekerja Pabrik Tahu Di Bogor
Authors: Sihura Sancka S.G , Herliana Irma , Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah , Nurhayati Siti , Putri Windi Windiani 
Published: August 2023

Penurunan kekuatan otot dan nyeri sendi mempengaruhi produktivitas pegawai dan mengancam kesehatan jangka panjang. Pegawai pabrik tahu di beberapa daerah belum mengetahui tata laksana untuk mempertahankan kekuatan otot dan menanggulangi nyeri sendi yang akan berdampak pada musculoskeletal disorder. Salah satu impelementasi adalah berupa promosi kesehatan dengan melakukan penyuluhan latihan rentang gerak. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu dengan melakukan peninjauan ke lokasi Pabrik Tahu Tapos, Cibalagung dan Cikereteg, melakukan observasi nyeri sendi yang dialami oleh pegawai sebelum dilakukan latihan ROM, melakukan edukasi terkait latihan ROM, melakukan observasi penatalaksanaan latihan ROM setiap hari selama 6 minggu, melakukan evaluasi pengukuran nyeri sendi setelah dilakukan latihan ROM, serta melakukan analisis data. Hasil penilaian menunjukkan rerata kekuatan otot sebelum dilakukan edukasi gerakan latihan ROM adalah sebesar 3.81, dan setelah dilakukan edukasi meningkat sebesar 3.98. Hasil penilaian rerata nyeri sendi sebelum dilakukan edukasi gerakan latihan ROM adalah sebesar 2.47, dan menurun setelah dilakukan edukasi sebesar 1.43. Penyuluhan kepada pegawai pabrik terkait range of motion exercise berguna untuk mengurangi keluhan fisik yang diakibatkan karena bekerja serta mempertahankan kesehatan fisik.
Sayangi Buah Hati dengan Asi Esklusif dan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap untuk Masa Depan yang Ceria
Authors: Jayatmi Irma 
Published: August 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dalam bentuk Webinar Kesehatan yang bertema “Sayangi Buah Hati dengan Asi Esklusif dan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap untuk Masa Depan yang Ceria.” Cairan kehidupan terbaik yang mengandung berbagai zat dan sangat dibutuhkan oleh bayi Air Susu Ibu (ASI) diberikan pada bayi baru lahir hingga 6 bulan tanpa makanan serta minuman lain, disebut ASI eksklusif karena ASI mengandung karbohidrat, protein, mineral, dan lemak sesuai dengan jumlah yang dibutuhkan bayi. Selain Asi buah hati juga penting diberikan Imunisasi untuk menimbulkan/meningkatkan kekebalan seseorang secara aktif terhadap suatu penyakit sehingga bila suatu saat terpajan dengan penyakit. Webinar ini bertujuan memberikan edukasi kepada para ibu agar mengetahui betapa pentingnya Asi esklusif dan imunisasi terhadap buah hati mereka agar tumbuh sehat dan juga penting bagi masa depannya. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan teknik ceramah, diskusi dan tanya jawab secara online melalui zoom. Pada webinar ini juga terjadi diskusi/tanya jawab yang interaktif, antara partisipan dan para narasumber. Dimana partisipan sebanyak 53 orang dengan input, dosen, para ibu dan akademisi. Berdasarkan evaluasi yang telah dilakukan, Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa webinar seperti ini dapat dilaksanakan secara continue dan dengan materi yang beragam.
Reduced tubuloglomerular feedback activity and absence of its synchronization in a connexin40 knockout rat
Authors: More Heather L. , Braam Branko , Cupples William A. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) is the negative feedback component of renal blood flow (RBF) autoregulation. Neighbouring nephrons often exhibit spontaneous TGF oscillation and synchronization mediated by endothelial communication, largely via connexin40 (Cx40).Methods: We had a knockout (KO) rat made that lacks Cx40. One base pair was altered to create a stop codon in exon 1 of Gja5, the gene that encodes Cx40 (the strain is WKY-Gja55em1Mcwi). Blood pressure (BP)-RBF transfer functions probed RBF dynamics and laser speckle imaging interrogated the dynamics of multiple efferent arterioles that reach the surface (star vessels).Results: The distribution of wild type (WT), heterozygote, and KO pups at weaning approximated the Mendelian ratio of 1:2:1; growth did not differ among the three strains. The KO rats were hypertensive. BP-RBF transfer functions showed low gain of the myogenic mechanism and a smaller TGF resonance peak in KO than in WT rats. Laser speckle imaging showed that myogenic mechanism had higher frequency in KO than in WT rats, but similar maximum spectral power. In contrast, the TGF frequency was similar while peak power of its oscillation was much smaller in KO than in WT rats. In WT rats, plots of instantaneous TGF phase revealed BP-independent TGF synchronization among star vessels. The synchronization could be both prolonged and widespread. In KO rats TGF synchronization was not seen, although BP transients could elicit short-lived TGF entrainment.Discussion: Despite the reduced TGF spectral power in KO rats, there was sufficient TGF gain to induce oscillations and therefore enough gain to be effective locally. We conclude that failure to synchronize is dependent, at least in part, on impaired conducted vasomotor responses.
Aspirin eugenol ester ameliorates LPS-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells and mice
Authors: Liu Xu , Tao Qi , Shen Youming , Liu Xiwang , Yang Yajun , Ma Ning , Li Jianyong 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Inflammation is a defensive response of the body and the pathological basis of many diseases. However, excessive inflammation and chronic inflammation impair the homeostasis of the organism. Arachidonic acid (AA) has a close relationship with inflammation and is the main mediator of the pro-inflammatory response. Based on the prodrug principle, the new pharmaceutical compound aspirin eugenol ester (AEE) was designed and synthesized. However, the effects of AEE on key enzymes, metabolites and inflammatory signaling pathways in the AA metabolic network have not been reported.Methods: In this study, the anti-inflammation effects of AEE were first investigated in mice and RAW264.7 cells in LPS induced inflammation model. Then, the changes of the key enzymes and AA metabolites were explored by RT-PCR and targeted metabolomics. Moreover, the regulatory effects on NF–kB and MAPKS signaling pathways were explored by Western Blotting.Results: Results indicated that AEE significantly reduced the number of leukocyte and increased the lymphocyte percentage. AEE decreased the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α both in vivo and in vitro. In the liver of mice, AEE downregulated the levels of AA, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and upregulated 12- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE). However, the changes of PGE2, PGF2α, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-KETO-PGF1α), 9-hydroxy-octadecenoic acid (9- HODE), 13-HODE, 15-HETE, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) were not significant. Additionally, it was found that AEE decreased the relative mRNA expression levels of p65 and p38 and the ratio of p-p65/p65.Discussion: It was concluded that AEE might inhibit the LPS-induced inflammatory response through the regulation of AA metabolism. This study provides the theoretical foundation for the development of AEE as a medicinal anti-inflammatory drug.
Modeling the effect of soil fertility management options on maize yield stability under variable climate in a sub-humid zone in Ghana
Authors: MacCarthy Dilys S. , Adamtey Noah , Freduah Bright S. , Fosu-Mensah Benedicta Y. , Ofosu-Budu Godfred K. , Fliessbach Andreas 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionUncertainty in the yield of maize due to variability in weather is a major challenge to smallholder farmers in Sub Sahara Africa. This study explores the potential of combining locally available organic resources and inorganic fertilizer to increase grain yield and reduce variability in yields associated with variations in rainfall distribution.MethodsTo assess the effectiveness of this practice, the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) crop model was calibrated and evaluated using maize experiments on nutrient management options. The evaluated model was used to simulate maize growth and yield using multiple-year data (1984–2018) under different planting windows for two growing seasons. The treatments were (i) control, (ii) inorganic fertilizer alone (INOFRecom), combining organic resources [empty fruit bunch of palm (EFB) and compost with inorganic fertilizer (INOF) to make up equivalent nutrients in (ii)]; (iii) EFB + INOF and (iv) Comp + INOF.ResultsThough all the soil amendments boosted grain output, the EFB + INOF treatment outperformed the other treatments in the major season with gains of between 161 and 211% and the most stable (least inter-annual variability of 27%) yield. Across the planting windows, the INOFRecom and EFB + INOF treatments achieved comparable yield increments in the minor season. Though grain yield variability was high during the minor rainy season, combining organic and inorganic fertilizers reduced inter-annual yield variability, thus, lowering uncertainty in yield due to variable inter-annual rainfall. Combining local organic resources with a reduced amount of inorganic fertilizer produced higher yields and better yield stability compared to using only inorganic fertilizer.DiscussionsThus, such soil fertility management solutions might sustain resource use and boost maize grain yield in the study area, where strategies for sustainable crop nutrition remain a critical necessity. The improved nitrogen management regimes may result in fewer environmental hazards for vulnerable rainfed agricultural systems.