bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tribochemistry effect on the friction reduction of Al2O3/ethylene glycol composite lubricant between steel self‐mated tribosystem
Authors: Liu Peng , Xu Qing , Zhang Renhui 
Published: September 2023

In our previous work, we find that the ethylene glycol (EG) is transferred to amorphous carbon or graphene during sliding under the effect of the tribochemical reactions; herein, in this work, we control the concentration of the modified Al2O3 nanoparticles in the EG solution in order to modulate the tribological properties of the tribosystem sliding in the mixed lubricant consisting of the modified Al2O3 nanoparticles and EG. The tribological tests show that the concentrations of the modified Al2O3 nanoparticles ranging from 0 to 1.0 wt% in the mixed lubricant are helpful for obtaining low wear rate due to the formation of graphene‐like materials induced by tribochemical reactions. On the other hand, when the concentration reaches 1.5 wt.%, the tribosystem exhibits high coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate, which is attributed to the formation of reunited groups consisting of the modified Al2O3 nanoparticles and graphene‐like materials. This investigation should give a positive guidance for the design of the mixed lubricant with excellent lubrication properties.
Shape Anisotropy‐Governed High‐Performance Nanomagnetosol for In Vivo Magnetic Particle Imaging of Lungs
Authors: Nigam Saumya , Mohapatra Jeotikanta , Makela Ashley V. , Hayat Hanaan , Rodriguez Jessi Mercedes , Sun Aixia , Kenyon Elizabeth , Redman Nathan A. , Spence Dana , Jabin George , Gu Bin , Ashry Mohamed , Sempere Lorenzo F. , Mitra Arijit , Li Jinxing , Chen Jiahui , Wei Guo‐Wei , Bolin Steven , Etchebarne Brett , Liu J. Ping , Contag Christopher H. , Wang Ping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCaused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has shown extensive lung manifestations in vulnerable individuals, putting lung imaging and monitoring at the forefront of early detection and treatment. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is an imaging modality, which can bring excellent contrast, sensitivity, and signal‐to‐noise ratios to lung imaging for the development of new theranostic approaches for respiratory diseases. Advances in MPI tracers would offer additional improvements and increase the potential for clinical translation of MPI. Here, a high‐performance nanotracer based on shape anisotropy of magnetic nanoparticles is developed and its use in MPI imaging of the lung is demonstrated. Shape anisotropy proves to be a critical parameter for increasing signal intensity and resolution and exceeding those properties of conventional spherical nanoparticles. The 0D nanoparticles exhibit a 2‐fold increase, while the 1D nanorods have a > 5‐fold increase in signal intensity when compared to VivoTrax. Newly designed 1D nanorods displayed high signal intensities and excellent resolution in lung images. A spatiotemporal lung imaging study in mice revealed that this tracer offers new opportunities for monitoring disease and guiding intervention.
Computational biophysics meets cryo‐EM revolution in the search for the functional dynamics of biomolecular systems
Authors: Costa Mauricio G. S. , Gur Mert , Krieger James M. , Bahar Ivet 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is a variety of experimental and computational techniques available to explore protein dynamics, each presenting advantages and limitations. One promising experimental technique that is driving the development of computational methods is cryo‐electron microscopy (cryo‐EM). Cryo‐EM provides molecular‐level structural data and first estimates of conformational landscape from single particle analysis but cannot track real‐time protein dynamics and may contain uncertainties in atomic positions especially at highly dynamic regions. Molecular simulations offer atomic‐level insights into protein dynamics; however, their computing time requirements limit the conformational sampling accuracy, and it is often hard, to assess by full‐atomic simulations the cooperative movements of biological interest for large assemblies such as those resolved by cryo‐EM. Coarse‐grained (CG) simulations permit us to explore such systems, but at the costs of lower resolution and potentially incomplete sampling of conformational space. On the other hand, analytical methods may circumvent sampling limitations. In particular, elastic network models‐based normal mode analyses (ENM‐NMA) provide unique solutions for the complete mode spectra near equilibrium states, even for systems of megadaltons, and may thus deliver information on mechanisms of motions relevant to biological function. Yet, they lack atomic resolution as well as temporal information for non‐equilibrium systems. Given the complementary nature of these methods, the integration of molecular simulations and ENM‐NMA into hybrid methodologies has gained traction. This review presents the current state‐of‐the‐art in structure‐based computations and how they are helping us gain a deeper understanding of biological mechanisms, with emphasis on the development of hybrid methods accompanying the advances in cryo‐EM.This article is categorized under:
Structure and Mechanism > Computational Biochemistry and Biophysics
Insight into the Microstructure of FRW Universe from a P-V Phase Transition
Authors: Abdusattar Haximjan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The P-V phase transition of the FRW (Friedmann-Robertson-Walker) universe with a perfect fluid has recently been investigated, revealing that the four critical exponents near the critical point are consistent with the values predicted by mean field theory. Notably, the coexistence phase of the P-V phase transition in the FRW universe above the critical temperature, which distinguishes it from van der Waals system and most of AdS black holes system. This unique property allows us to investigate the microstructure of the FRW universe as a thermodynamic system. Our analysis of the Ruppeiner geometry for the FRW universe reveals that the behavior of the thermodynamic scalar curvature near criticality is characterized by a dimensionless constant identical to that of the van der Waals fluid. Additionally, we observe that while repulsive interactions dominate for the coexistence samll phase with higher temperature, the scalar curvature for the coexistence large phase is always negative, indicating attractive interactions, providing new insights into the nature of interactions among the perfect fluid matter constituents in the expanding FRW universe.
Loss of ORP3 induces aneuploidy and promotes bladder cancer cell invasion through deregulated microtubule and actin dynamics
Authors: Wang Xue , Liu Junnan , Azoitei Anca , Eiseler Tim , Meessen Sabine , Jiang Wencheng , Zheng Xi , Makori Arika W. , Eckstein Markus , Hartmann Arndt , Stilgenbauer Stephan , Elati Mohamed , Hohwieler Meike , Kleger Alexander , John Axel , Zengerling Friedemann , Wezel Felix , Bolenz Christian , Günes Cagatay 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe have recently shown that loss of ORP3 leads to aneuploidy induction and promotes tumor formation. However, the specific mechanisms by which ORP3 contributes to ploidy-control and cancer initiation and progression is still unknown. Here, we report that ORP3 is highly expressed in ureter and bladder epithelium while its expression is downregulated in invasive bladder cancer cell lines and during tumor progression, both in human and in mouse bladder cancer. Moreover, we observed an increase in the incidence of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN)-induced invasive bladder carcinoma in the tissue-specific Orp3 knockout mice. Experimental data demonstrate that ORP3 protein interacts with γ-tubulin at the centrosomes and with components of actin cytoskeleton. Altering the expression of ORP3 induces aneuploidy and genomic instability in telomerase-immortalized urothelial cells with a stable karyotype and influences the migration and invasive capacity of bladder cancer cell lines. These findings demonstrate a crucial role of ORP3 in ploidy-control and indicate that ORP3 is a bona fide tumor suppressor protein. Of note, the presented data indicate that ORP3 affects both cell invasion and migration as well as genome stability through interactions with cytoskeletal components, providing a molecular link between aneuploidy and cell invasion and migration, two crucial characteristics of metastatic cells.
Mesenchymal stem cell implantation provides short‐term clinical improvement and satisfactory cartilage restoration in patients with knee osteoarthritis but the evidence is limited: a systematic review performed by the early‐osteoarthritis group of ESSKA‐European knee associates section
Authors: Razak Hamid Rahmatullah Bin Abd , Corona Katia , Totlis Trifon , Chan Li Yi Tammy , Salreta Jose Filipe , Sleiman Obeida , Vasso Michele , Baums Mike H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeImplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a potential cell‐based modality for cartilage repair. Currently, its clinical use largely surrounds focal cartilage defect repair and intra‐articular injections in knee osteoarthritis. The MSCs’ implantation efficacy as a treatment option for osteoarthritis remains contentious. This systematic review aims to evaluate studies that focused on MSCs implantation in patients with knee OA to provide a summary of this treatment option outcomes.MethodsA systematic search was performed in PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Cinahl, and the Cochrane Library. Original studies investigating outcomes of MSCs implantations in patients with knee OA were included. Data on clinical outcomes using subjective scores, radiological outcomes, and second‐look arthroscopy gradings were extracted.ResultsNine studies were included in this review. In all included studies, clinical outcome scores revealed significantly improved functionality and better postoperative pain scores at 2–3 years follow‐up. Improved cartilage volume and quality at the lesion site was observed in five studies that included a postoperative magnetic resonance imaging assessment and studies that performed second‐look arthroscopy. No major complications or tumorigenesis occurred. Outcomes were consistent in both single MSCs implantation and concurrent HTO with MSCs implantation in cases with excessive varus deformity.ConclusionAccording to the available literature, MSCs implantation in patients with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis is safe and provides short‐term clinical improvement and satisfactory cartilage restoration, either as a standalone procedure or combined with HTO in cases with axial deformity. However, the evidence is limited due to the high heterogeneity among studies and the insufficient number of studies including a control group and mid‐term outcomes.Level of evidenceIV.
Balancing health and economic impacts from targeted pandemic restrictions
Authors: Bonaccorsi Giovanni , Scotti Francesco , Flori Andrea , Pammolli Fabio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the necessity for policymakers to design interventions that allow to promptly resume economic activities while taking control of the healthcare emergency. We analyze the response of differentiated policy measures by exploiting a meta-population SEIR model based on transaction data that map human mobility through daily physical transactions performed by cardholders of a major Italian bank. We calibrate multiple counterfactual scenarios and study the impact of alternative combinations of tailored mobility restrictions with different intensity across sectors. Although the Retail sector accounts for the largest portion of mobility and drive results in terms of infections and consumption dynamics, other economic activities, such as those related to Restaurants, have a relevant role in the design of the optimal policy. Finally, we show how the proposed approach can be used by policymakers to evaluate the trade-off between economic and healthcare impacts by identifying the alternative policy restrictions that minimize either the economic impact given a certain level of infections or the spread of contagion for a target value of economic impact.
Assessment of exposure to pesticides: residues in 24 h duplicate diets versus their metabolites in 24 h urine using suspect screening and target analysis
Authors: Nijssen R. , Lommen A. , van den Top H. , van Dam R. , Meuleman-Bot C. , Tienstra M. , Zomer P. , Sunarto S. , van Tricht F. , Blokland M. , Mol H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHuman biomonitoring can add value to chemical risk assessment by reducing the assumptions regarding consumption rates, residue occurrence, and processing effects and by integrating exposures from different sources (diet, household use, environmental). However, the relationship between exposure and concentration in human matrices is unknown for most pesticides. Therefore, we conducted a pilot study to gain more insight into the qualitative and quantitative relationship between dietary intake of pesticides (external exposure) and urinary excretion (reflecting internal exposure). In this cross-sectional observational study, 35 healthy consumers aged 18–65 years from the region of Wageningen, Netherlands, collected an exact duplicate portion of their diets during 24 h. On the same day, they also collected all their urine. The duplicate diets were analyzed using target screening by GC- and LC-HRMS; each duplicate diet contained at least five, up to 21, pesticide residues. The 24 h urine samples were analyzed using LC-HRMS in a suspect screening workflow. Metabolites were tentatively detected in all 24 h urine samples, ranging from six metabolites corresponding to four pesticides up to 40 metabolites originating from 16 pesticides in a single urine sample. In total, 65 metabolites originating from 28 pesticides were tentatively detected. After prioritization and additional confirmation experiments, 28 metabolites originating from 10 pesticides were identified with confidence level 1 or 2b. Next, quantitative analysis was performed for a selection of pesticides in duplicate diets and their metabolites in 24 h urine to assess quantitative relationships. In the quantitative comparisons between duplicate diet and 24 h urine, it was found that some metabolites were already present in the duplicate diet, which may give an overestimation of exposure to the parent pesticide based on measurement of the metabolites in urine. Additionally, the quantitative comparisons suggest a background exposure through other exposure routes. We conclude that suspect screening of 24 h urine samples can disclose exposure to mixtures of pesticide on the same day in the general population. However, more research is needed to obtain quantitative relationships between dietary intake and exposure.
Graphical Abstract
Enhanced selective capture of phosphomonoester lipids enabling highly sensitive detection of sphingosine 1-phosphate
Authors: Grasso Giuliana , Sommella Eduardo M. , Merciai Fabrizio , Abouhany Rahma , Shinde Sudhirkumar A. , Campiglia Pietro , Sellergren Börje , Crescenzi Carlo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSphingolipids play crucial roles in cellular membranes, myelin stability, and signalling responses to physiological cues and stress. Among them, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) has been recognized as a relevant biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, and its analogue FTY-720 has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. Focusing on these targets, we here report three novel polymeric capture phases for the selective extraction of the natural biomarker and its analogue drug. To enhance analytical performance, we employed different synthetic approaches using a cationic monomer and a hydrophobic copolymer of styrene-DVB. Results have demonstrated high affinity of the sorbents towards S1P and fingolimod phosphate (FTY-720-P, FP). This evidence proved that lipids containing phosphate diester moiety in their structures did not constitute obstacles for the interaction of phosphate monoester lipids when loaded into an SPE cartridge. Our suggested approach offers a valuable tool for developing efficient analytical procedures.
Graphical Abstract
Revalorisation of broccoli crop surpluses and field residues: novel ingredients for food industry uses
Authors: Villaño Débora , Fernández-Pan Idoya , Arozarena Íñigo , Ibañez Francisco C. , Vírseda Paloma , Beriain María José 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResearch on the management of broccoli crop residues and surpluses is critical for improving agricultural practices, optimizing food industrial manufacture, and contributing to better human nutrition. The objective of this study was to obtain novel ingredients based on these residues and surpluses for a wide range of applications in the food industry. The effect of air-drying (60 °C or 80 °C) applied to field residues (broccoli stalks), mimicking industrial conditions, was compared with dehydration by freeze-drying applied to these same field residues and to crop surpluses (broccoli whole plant). Thus, different broccoli flours were obtained and characterised for technological and biological properties including colour, antioxidant activity, nutrients, total polyphenol content, and content of glucosinolates. Flours from field residues showed high levels of dietary fibre (≈ 22% dry weight). Broccoli crop surpluses flours had relevant contents of glucosinolates (≈ 13 mg/g dry weight). Therefore, within the framework of the circular economy, these flours are proposed to revalorise the two main broccoli crop discarded fractions. Such flours could be used in a realistic and simple way by the agri-food industries interested in the development of healthy and conscience foodstuffs, in a cost-efficient manner.
Graphical abstract
Impact of cannabis use on brain metabolism using 31P and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Fenzl Maximilian , Backens Martin , Bodea Silviu , Wittemann Miriam , Werler Florian , Brielmaier Jule , Wolf Robert Christian , Reith Wolfgang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This prospective cross-sectional study investigated the influence of regular cannabis use on brain metabolism in young cannabis users by using combined proton and phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Methods
The study was performed in 45 young cannabis users aged 18–30, who had been using cannabis on a regular basis over a period of at least 2 years and in 47 age-matched controls. We acquired 31P MRS data in different brain regions at 3T with a double-resonant 1H/31P head coil, anatomic images, and 1H MRS data with a standard 20-channel 1H head coil. Absolute concentration values of proton metabolites were obtained via calibration from tissue water as an internal reference, whereas a standard solution of 75 mmol/l KH2PO4 was used as an external reference for the calibration of phosphorus signals.

Results
We found an overall but not statistically significant lower concentration level of several proton and phosphorus metabolites in cannabis users compared to non-users. In particular, energy-related phosphates such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) were reduced in all regions under investigation. Phosphocreatine (PCr) showed lowered values mainly in the left basal ganglia and the left frontal white matter.

Conclusion
The results suggest that the increased risk of functional brain disorders observed in long-term cannabis users could be caused by an impairment of the energy metabolism of the brain, but this needs to be verified in future studies.
What to report in sellar tumor MRI? A nationwide survey among German pituitary surgeons, radiation oncologists, and endocrinologists
Authors: Huckhagel Torge , Riedel Christian , Flitsch Jörg , Rotermund Roman 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
While MRI has become the imaging modality of choice in the diagnosis of sellar tumors, no systematic attempt has yet been made to align radiological reporting of findings with the information needed by the various medical disciplines dealing with these patients. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevailing preferences in this regard through a nationwide expert survey.

Methods
First, an interdisciplinary literature-based catalog of potential reporting elements for sellar tumor MRI examinations was created. Subsequently, a web-based survey regarding the clinical relevance of these items was conducted among board certified members of the German Society of Neurosurgery, German Society of Radiation Oncology, and the Pituitary Working Group of the German Society of Endocrinology.

Results
A total of 95 experts (40 neurosurgeons, 28 radiation oncologists, and 27 endocrinologists) completed the survey. The description of the exact tumor location, size, and involvement of the anatomic structures adjacent to the sella turcica (optic chiasm, cavernous sinus, and skull base), occlusive hydrocephalus, relationship to the pituitary gland and infundibulum, and certain structural characteristics of the mass (cyst formation, hemorrhage, and necrosis) was rated most important (> 75% agreement). In contrast, the characterization of anatomic features of the nasal cavity and sphenoid sinus as well as the findings of advanced MRI techniques (e.g., perfusion and diffusion imaging) was considered relevant by less than 50% of respondents.

Conclusion
To optimally address the information needs of the interdisciplinary treatment team, MRI reports of sellar masses should primarily focus on the accurate description of tumor location, size, internal structure, and involvement of adjacent anatomic compartments.