bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a preoperative formula to estimate postoperative pelvic sagittal alignment and mobility before performing total hip arthroplasty for patients with hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Tanabe Hiroki , Homma Yasuhiro , Yanagisawa Naotake , Watari Taiji , Ishii Seiya , Shirogane Yuichi , Baba Tomonori , Kaneko Kazuo , Ishijima Muneaki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Although it is important to consider pelvic alignment and mobility in the standing and sitting positions before THA, it is not known how to preoperatively predict individual postoperative pelvic alignment and mobility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pelvic alignment and mobility before and after THA, and to develop a predictive formula using preoperative factors to calculate postoperative sagittal alignment and mobility.

Methods
One hundred seventy patients were assessed. The 170 patients were randomly divided into a prediction model analysis group (n = 85) and an external validation group (n = 85). In the prediction model analysis group, preoperative spinopelvic parameters were used to develop the predictive formulas to predict the postoperative sacral slope (SS) in standing and sitting positions and ΔSS. These were applied to the external validation group and assessed.

Results
R2 in multiple linear regression models for postoperative SS in standing, SS in sitting and ΔSS were 0.810, 0.672, and 0.423, respectively. The values of predicted and postoperative parameters were very close with no significant difference: SS in standing (33.87 vs. 34.23, P = 0.834), SS in sitting (18.86 vs. 19.51, P = 0.228), and ΔSS (15.38 vs. 14.72, P = 0.619).

Conclusion
The present study showed that the pelvic alignment and mobility after THA can be predicted using preoperative factors. Although a model with higher accuracy is needed, it is important to use a predictive formula to estimate the postoperative condition before performing THA.
Could eggshell membrane be an adjuvant for recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine?: A preliminary investigation
Authors: Joshua Parker Elijah , Ilo Charity Chinyere , Ukachukwu Uzochukwu Gospel , Odimegwu Damian Chukwu , Asomadu Rita Onyekachukwu , Ezeorba Timothy Prince Chidike 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite the invasiveness of the Hepatitis B infection, its vaccines are only formulated with FDA-approved alum-based adjuvants, which poorly elicit a lasting immune response, hence the need for a more effective adjuvant system. This study evaluated the immunogenicity and toxicity of eggshell membranes (ESM) when administered as an adjuvant for the recombinant HBV vaccine (rHBsAg) in albino mice. Differential white blood cell analysis, as well as the titer measurement of Immunoglobulin G, subclass G1 and G2a on indirect ELISA, was performed to measure the immune-modulatory potentials of ESM. Moreover, analysis of the liver marker enzyme (AST and ALT) and body/liver weights was performed to ascertain the toxicity level of ESM. Finally, Immuno-informatic analysis was used to investigate the immune-modulatory potential of individual member proteins of ESM.

Results
Our results showed a significant improvement in the experimental group's lymphocyte count after boost-dose administration compared to the controls, whereas there was no significant change in the granulocyte population. Furthermore, the formulations (ESM-rHBsAg) significantly improved IgG and IgG1 titers after each successive immunization. Body/liver weight and liver function showed ESM non-toxic to mice. The immunoinformatic analysis discovered ovalbumin, lysozyme-C, and UFM-1 as the member proteins of ESM with immune-modulatory activities of activating antigen-presenting cells (APC).

Conclusion
This study has provided a clue into the potential valorization of eggshell membranes and their peptides as an adjuvant for vaccines such as HBV. We recommend more in-depth molecular analysis to support our findings as well as foster real-life application.
HIV Prevalence and Characteristics Among Patients With AIDS-Defining and Non–AIDS-Defining Cancers in a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya
Authors: Muturi Diana , Mwanzi Sitna N. , Riunga Felix M. , Shah Jasmit , Shah Reena 
Published: April 2023

PURPOSE Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has resulted in a higher life expectancy of persons living with HIV. This has led to an aging population at risk for both non–AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) and AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs). HIV testing among patients with cancer in Kenya is not routinely performed, making its prevalence undefined. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of HIV and the spectrum of malignancies among HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients with cancer attending a tertiary hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study between February 2021 and September 2021. Patients with a histologic cancer diagnosis were enrolled. Demographic data and HIV- and cancer-related clinical variables were obtained. HIV pretest counseling and consent were done, and testing was performed using a fourth-generation assay. Positive results were confirmed using a third-generation assay. RESULTS We enrolled 301 patients with cancer; 67.8% (204 of 301) were female; the mean age was 50.7 ± 12.5 years. From our cohort, 10.6% (95% CI, 7.4 to 14.7, n = 32 of 301) of patients were HIV-positive with the prevalence of a new HIV diagnosis of 0.7% (n = 2 of 301). Of the HIV-positive patients, 59.4% (19 of 32) had a NADC. The commonest NADC was breast cancer (18.8%; 6 of 32), whereas non-Hodgkin lymphoma (18.8%; 6 of 32) and cervical cancer (18.8%; 6 of 32) were the most prevalent ADCs among HIV-positive patients. CONCLUSION The prevalence of HIV infection among patients with cancer was twice the Kenya national HIV prevalence. NADCs comprised a larger percentage of the cancer burden. Universal opt-out HIV testing of patients attending for cancer care regardless of cancer type may facilitate early recognition of HIV-infected patients and aid in appropriate selection of ART and cancer therapies and preventive strategies.
Consensus Molecular Subtypes as Biomarkers of Fluorouracil and Folinic Acid Maintenance Therapy With or Without Panitumumab in RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (PanaMa, AIO KRK 0212)
Authors: Stahler Arndt , Hoppe Beeke , Na Il-Kang , Keilholz Luisa , Müller Lothar , Karthaus Meinolf , Fruehauf Stefan , Graeven Ullrich , Fischer von Weikersthal Ludwig , Goekkurt Eray , Kasper Stefan , Kind Andreas Jay , Kurreck Annika , Alig Annabel Helga Sophie , Held Swantje , Reinacher-Schick Anke , Heinemann Volker , Horst David , Jarosch Armin , Stintzing Sebastian , Trarbach Tanja , Modest Dominik Paul 
Published: April 2023

PURPOSE Consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) were evaluated as prognostic and predictive biomarkers of patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving fluorouracil and folinic acid (FU/FA) with or without panitumumab (Pmab) after Pmab + mFOLFOX6 induction within the randomized phase II PanaMa trial. METHODS CMSs were determined in the safety set (ie, patients that received induction) and full analysis set (FAS; ie, randomly assigned patients who received maintenance) and correlated with median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) since the start of induction or maintenance treatment and objective response rates (ORRs). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI were calculated by univariate/multivariate Cox regression analyses. RESULTS Of 377 patients of the safety set, 296 (78.5%) had available CMS data: CMS1/2/3/4: 29 (9.8%)/122 (41.2%)/33 (11.2%)/112 (37.8%) and unclassifiable: 17 (5.7%). The CMSs were prognostic biomarkers in terms of PFS ( P < .0001), OS ( P < .0001), and ORR ( P = .02) since the start of induction treatment. In FAS patients (n = 196), with CMS2/4 tumors, the addition of Pmab to FU/FA maintenance therapy was associated with longer PFS (CMS2: HR, 0.58 [95% CI, 0.36 to 0.95], P = .03; CMS4: HR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.38 to 1.03], P = .07) and OS (CMS2: HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.52 to 1.52], P = .66; CMS4: HR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.30 to 0.96], P = .04). The CMS interacted significantly with treatment in terms of PFS (CMS2 v CMS1/3: P = .02; CMS4 v CMS1/3: P = .03) and OS (CMS2 v CMS1/3: P = .03; CMS4 v CMS1/3: P < .001). CONCLUSION The CMS had a prognostic impact on PFS, OS, and ORR in RAS wild-type mCRC. In PanaMa, Pmab + FU/FA maintenance was associated with beneficial outcomes in CMS2/4, whereas no benefit was observed in CMS1/3 tumors.
Bullets and Boomerangs
Authors: Prasse-Freeman Elliott 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThrough digital ethnography of the mass uprising against Myanmar's early-2021 military coup, this article considers appeals to “the international community,” in which activists maneuver the simultaneous potential and peril of global entreaties, deploying a double-move of contradictory thrusts. To continue stoking the possibility of international intervention, activists reiterate demands while intensifying their affective content; conversely, they use anticipated failure of those appeals to “boomerang” them back to local publics—making the international a present-but-effaced addressee. They engage in the jouissance of abandonment, coordinate (potentially violent) tactics, shame their enemies, and engage in political debate on the objectives of their ongoing struggle. By retaining the key mediatory role vis-à-vis Myanmar publics, activists enact an alternative relationship with the international, one that invites intervention but is not dependent on it.
Time and the Rhetoric of Capital
Authors: Lee Benjamin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Lauren Berlant, Moishe Postone, and Michael Silverstein were colleagues at the University of Chicago for over thirty years. Postone was one of the leading Marxist thinkers in the world; Silverstein was the leading linguistic anthropologist of his generation; and Berlant was the most influential literary theorist of her generation. This article examines whether Marxism, semiotic linguistics, and literary studies are compatible. However, the author will go back to the “linguistic turn” and revisit some older debates about the role of rhetoric. But a revitalized rhetoric of temporality will answer the questions that Benedict Anderson raised almost forty years ago: How do the temporalities of capital and narration interact to create new social affects and emotions? What would a Marxist approach to a semiotic linguistics of affect and subjectivity look like?
Dysfunction of programmed embryo senescence is linked to genetic developmental defects
Authors: de Lope Cristina , García-Lucena Rebeca , Magariños Marta , León Yolanda , Casa-Rodríguez Nuria , Contreras Nuria , Escudero-Iriarte Carmen , Varela-Nieto Isabel , Maire Pascal , Palmero Ignacio 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Developmental senescence is a form of programmed senescence that contributes to morphogenesis during embryonic development. We showed recently that the SIX1 homeoprotein, an essential regulator of organogenesis, is also a repressor of adult cellular senescence. Alterations in the SIX/EYA pathway are linked to the human branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome, a rare congenital disorder associated with defects in the ears, kidneys and branchial arches. Here, we have used Six1-deficient mice, an animal model of the BOR syndrome, to investigate whether dysfunction of senescence underpins the developmental defects associated with SIX1 deficiency. We have focused on the developing inner ear, an organ with physiological developmental senescence that is severely affected in Six1-deficient mice and BOR patients. We show aberrant levels and distribution of senescence markers in Six1-deficient inner ears concomitant with defective morphogenesis of senescent structures. Transcriptomic analysis and ex vivo assays support a link between aberrant senescence and altered morphogenesis in this model, associated with deregulation of the TGFβ/BMP pathway. Our results show that misregulation of embryo senescence may lead to genetic developmental disorders, significantly expanding the connection between senescence and disease.
Atraumatic versus cutting needles in fluoroscopic lumbar puncture
Authors: Lee Dana Yen Lin , Clements Warren , Lukies Matthew 
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Atraumatic needles are known to reduce complication rates of blind lumbar punctures (LP), however, their use in fluoroscopically guided LP is less studied. This study assessed the comparative difficulty of performing fluoroscopic lumbar puncture with atraumatic needles. Methods: Single-centre retrospective case-control study comparing atraumatic and conventional or “cutting” needles using fluoroscopic time and radiation dose (Dose Area Product or DAP) as surrogate markers. Patients were assessed from two comparable eight-month periods before and after a policy change to primary use of atraumatic needles. Results: 105 procedures with a cutting needle were performed in the group prior to the policy change. Median fluoroscopy time was 48 sec and median DAP was 3.14. Of 102 procedures performed in the group after the policy change, 99 were performed with an atraumatic needle and three with a cutting needle after initial attempt with an atraumatic needle. Median fluoroscopy time was 41 sec and median DAP was 3.28. The mean number of attempts was 1.02 in the cutting needle group and 1.05 in the atraumatic needle group. There was no significant difference in median fluoroscopy time, median DAP, or mean number of attempts. Conclusion: Fluoroscopic screening time, DAP and mean number of attempts were not significantly increased with primary use of atraumatic needles for LP. Use of atraumatic needles should be considered in fluoroscopic LP given the lower complication rates. Advances in knowledge: This study provides new data showing that the use of atraumatic needles does not increase the difficulty of fluoroscopically guided LP.
Magnitude and determinants of road traffic accidents in North Gondar Zone; Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Molla Abay Semegnew 
Published: April 2023

Background: Despite efforts that the government has made to minimize the number of casualties or injury levels in Ethiopia, road traffic accidents remain a severe health concern throughout the country and in the study area as well. This study aims to examine the primary contributing variables of road traffic accidents in the North Gondar zone, under 24 administrative. Methods: The functional class of roads were directly examined on the site to evaluate the existing conditions of the roads which includes the geometric design constraints, functional class, daily traffic, and surfacing materials. Secondary source of data types, previously recorded road traffic accident information was collected from North Gondar zone traffic police departments. Road inventory information was collected from Gondar branch Ethiopian road authority under the specified horizon lines. Results: The magnitude and frequency of traffic accidents caused by driver-related factors( age, sex, level of education, driving experience, ownership responsibility of a vehicle and driver responsibility, time and day-wise distribution of traffic accidents), vehicle-related factors (failures of mechanical parts and its service age), road related factors( geometric design and construction, inventory information, road surfacing materials), pedestrians, and environmental factors were critically analysed. The result shows that a higher proportion (67%) of traffic accidents are mainly due to driver behaviour related factors than other causative factors. Conclusions: According to the results of the study, bad driving behaviour’s (exceeding the design speed, using a phone while driving, dangerous overtaking, excessive braking, loading above capacities, illegally parking out of public stations should be controlled to reduce the road traffic accident in the study area. In addition, successive up-to-date advanced computerized traffic accident safety training and recording systems should be given at least once a year through regional-based or at a central zone administrative zones for the traffic officers.
The role of demographic factors on religious beliefs: Evidence from five countries
Authors: Wider Walton , Tanucan Jem Cloyd M. , Wu Xiaole , Mutua Christine , Pang Nicholas Tze Ping , Ling Gabriel Hoh Teck , Cheisviyanny Charoline 
Published: April 2023

Background: Individuals' values, attitudes, and behaviours are significantly influenced by their religious beliefs. The present study examines the demographic factors (gender, age groups, religion, employment status, household income, marital status, self-perceived adulthood, and country of origin) that may influence religious beliefs. Methods: The data was collected from September to December 2022 using an online survey. A cross-sectional design was used to collect data from 885 respondents from five countries: Malaysia, the Philippines, China, Kenya, and Indonesia. The survey included questions on five variables related to religious belief: religious certainty, religious culture, religious importance, religious practice, and belief in God. Respondents were asked to rate their level of agreement or disagreement with statements related to each variable on a Likert scale. T-tests and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data and determine any significant differences in religious beliefs between the five countries. Results: The results revealed that female respondents held stronger religious beliefs than male respondents. Furthermore, respondents aged 30-45 rated themselves as having a higher religious culture and practice than respondents aged 18-29. Islam groups ranked highest in religious beliefs, followed by Christian, Roman Catholic, and Hindu groups. Full-time students rated themselves as less religious than full-time employed and other groups, while lower-income groups rated themselves as more religious than middle- and upper-income groups. Single groups rated themselves higher on belief in God than cohabiting and in-relationship groups. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study provides evidence that demographic factors influence religious beliefs among respondents from five different countries. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of how religiosity is shaped by various socio-demographic factors and can inform policies and interventions designed to promote religious tolerance and diversity. More research is required to investigate the complex relationships between demographic factors and religiosity, particularly in different cultural and religious contexts.
Lens centering error measurement based on subwavelength grating with power analysis
Authors: Mao Yu-Zhen , Ho Chin-Ting , Shiu Shiau-Cheng , Liu Chun-Wei 
Published: April 2023

This study presents a technique for measuring the centering error of a
lens. The technique uses power analysis and is highly accurate. The
module is designed by a prism that is patterned using a subwavelength
grating combined with a reflection-centering system by using the −1st-order rays at 5 mW and 650 nm. The
optical axis error is tested and analyzed by the powermeter by using
Snell’s law and diffractive characteristics. The resolution of the
optical-centering error in the system is amplified by a factor of 4
compared with the centering error measuring system based on
autocollimation. The technique proposed in this study improves the
sensitivity of the instrument and reduces the requirements of the
sensor at the end side based on the direction or energy variation of
the light.
Nonlinear autoregressive with external input neural network for predicting the nonlinear dynamics of supercontinuum generation in optical fibers
Authors: Silva Luís C. B. , Segatto Marcelo E. V. 
Published: April 2023

Full characterization of the propagation dynamics of ultra-short pulses in optical fibers is of fundamental importance in designing optical devices for several applications in the nonlinear optics field. Such applications range from basic descriptions of the light–matter dynamics to Bose–Einstein condensates, plasma physics, hydrodynamics, high-resolution imaging, and remote sensing, among many others. Nevertheless, ultra-short pulse propagation is a highly nonlinear process, so correctly describing all temporal and spectral features of these pulses is a big challenge, consuming extensive computational resources. Looking for simple solutions to this problem, we present in this paper, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a nonlinear autoregressive with external input neural network (NARXNET) capable of predicting the nonlinear dynamics of supercontinuum generation in optical fibers. The NARXNET structure allows low prediction error, fast training as short as 1.45 min, satisfactory generalization ability, and low computational resources for the training and testing stages.
Optimization of mid-infrared dispersive wave generation at 3 µm in LiNbO3 waveguides
Authors: Ye Feng , Huang Jiayao , Li Qian 
Published: April 2023

We propose an effective scheme to enhance mid-infrared dispersive wave (DW) emission, which includes dispersion engineering of the waveguide and the assistance of a CW trigger. Our suggested approach can help achieve better coherence and higher signal-to-noise ratio by adding a weak CW trigger with the femtosecond pulse pump in dispersion engineered lithium niobate (LiNbO3) waveguides. First, the integrated dispersion profile of LiNbO3 waveguides is designed based on dispersion engineering regarding the sidewall angle and slab thickness. Second, with the assistance of a weak CW trigger, the mid-infrared DW is enabled or further enhanced. The optimal CW-triggered wavelength and operating conditions are ascertained. Mid-infrared emission at around 3 µm with a sufficient power level is accessible after optimization, which is feasible for multi-species greenhouse gas detection through gas absorption spectroscopy.