bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posttraumatic stress disorder, traumatic events, and longitudinal eating disorder treatment outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Convertino Alexandra D. , Mendoza Rebecca R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveMany individuals diagnosed with an eating disorder (ED) have been exposed to traumatic events, and some of these individuals are diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although theorized by researchers and clinicians, it is unclear whether traumatic event exposure or PTSD interferes with outcomes from ED treatment. The objective of the current study was to systematically review the literature on traumatic events and/or PTSD as either predictors or moderators of psychological treatment outcomes in EDs.MethodA PRISMA search was conducted to identify studies that assessed the longitudinal association between traumatic events or PTSD and ED outcomes. Eighteen articles met the inclusion criteria for review.ResultsResults indicated that traumatic event exposure was associated with greater ED treatment dropout, but individuals with a traumatic event history benefited from treatment similarly to their unexposed peers. Findings also indicated that traumatic events may be associated with greater symptom relapse posttreatment.DiscussionGiven the limited number of studies examining PTSD, results are considered very tentative; however, similar to studies comparing trauma‐exposed and nontrauma‐exposed participants, individuals with PTSD may have similar treatment gains compared to individuals without PTSD, but individuals with PTSD may experience greater symptom relapse posttreatment. Future researchers are encouraged to examine whether trauma‐informed care or integrated treatment for EDs and PTSD mitigates dropout from treatment and improves symptom remission outcomes. Furthermore, researchers are encouraged to examine how the developmental timing of traumatic events, self‐perceived impact of trauma, and cumulative trauma exposure may be associated with differential ED treatment outcomes.Public SignificanceEating disorders (EDs), trauma, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often co‐occur. Individuals with traumatic event exposure and/or PTSD demonstrate greater ED symptoms; it is unclear whether these individuals benefit similarly in ED treatment to their peers. The current study found that individuals with traumatic event exposure are more likely to drop out of treatment but benefit from treatment with similar symptom remission. Traumatic history was associated with greater relapse posttreatment.
Determination of a positive response in the Ames Salmonella mutagenicity assay
Authors: Zeiger Errol 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGenetic toxicology tests are used to categorize substances as genotoxic and potentially carcinogenic. In general, test results are designated as mutagenic, not mutagenic, or inconclusive and, depending on its potential use and applicable regulations, a mutagenic result can restrict or remove a substance from further development, or assign limits to its use. In these tests, mutation responses form a continuum without a clear delineation between an increase over the background, untreated, mutant frequency and a frequency that would define the test substance as a mutagen and a potential carcinogenic hazard. This situation is illustrated using the Salmonella mutagenicity (Ames) test which is the initial, and often only, test used to characterize substances as mutagenic or nonmutagenic. It has its widest use by industry and regulatory authorities to identify potential carcinogens among chemicals in development. The OECD Test Guideline No. 471 has been adopted by regulatory agencies internationally, and describes the minimum requirements for a negative response, but does not provide a specific approach for evaluating the test data. The most widely used criterion for making yes‐or‐no mutagenicity decisions is a 2‐ or 3‐fold increase over the background (solvent) mutant frequency. Other approaches rely on formal statistics and/or expert judgment. These approaches and recently proposed modifications are evaluated here. Recommendations are made that are in conformity with the OECD guideline and are based on biological relevance and the biology of the mutagenic response rather than on arbitrary decision points (e.g., ≥2‐fold increase or p ≤ .05).
Feasibility of telehealth counselling pilot for people experiencing homelessness and/or complex needs: During COVID‐19 and beyond
Authors: Bower Marlee , Olsen Nicholas , Peach Natalie , Green Olivia , Duarte Carlos , Valpiani Peter , Teesson Maree 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIssues addressedPeople experiencing homelessness and/or complex needs often require targeted health services to address unique vulnerabilities. COVID‐19 restrictions acted as a barrier for this group accessing health and alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment services. The Haymarket Foundation, an accommodation and health facility in Australia, transitioned from in‐person AOD‐counselling services to online consultations. Clients accessing these services were tracked, from March 2019 to November 2020, to assess the impact of the switch to telehealth on client retention.MethodsQualitative analysis of Haymarket clients' service experience surveys and quantitative descriptives of “no‐show” (nonattended sessions) rates and survival analysis of client treatment separations were completed to assess the impact of transitioning to telehealth on client retention.ResultsAlthough the initial transition to telehealth in March 2020 minimally impacted client no‐show rates, reinstated government restrictions in June/July 2020 coincided with increasing no‐shows and a substantial increase in treatment exits without notice, especially amongst males. Qualitative analysis showed clients had mixed feelings towards telehealth: some attributed their dissatisfaction to the inability to build rapport with their counsellor online, or with COVID‐19 in general. Others appreciated the availability and genuine care of their counsellors through either setting.ConclusionsTelehealth may be a feasible replacement for face‐to‐face AOD counselling for people experiencing homelessness, however further investigation needs to be conducted to understand factors associated with improved client retention.So what?This pilot demonstrates telehealth may be a feasible ongoing feature of health promotion for vulnerable high‐needs populations, including people experiencing homelessness who use substances.
Footcare knowledge and practice among diabetic patients attending primary health care centers in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Darraj Gasem , Somaili Mohammed , Shaban Samy , Jahlan Mohammed , Darraj Abdulaziz , Ahmed Banan , Mojamamy Gasem , Darraj Mohammed , Dahlan Hesham , Alqassim Ahmad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic foot is one of the significant complications of diabetes mellitus, associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Patients' knowledge of, and willingness to practice, good footcare are essential and may decrease these risks. This study was conducted to assess adult diabetic patients' knowledge of footcare and willingness to put their knowledge into practice.MethodA cross‐sectional observational study was conducted on adult diabetic patients in the central area of the Jazan Region using patients' responses to a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were calculated for study variables, and the Pearson chi‐squared test was used to compare categorical data.ResultsA total of 410 diabetic patients were included in this study. The mean age of the participants was 56.7 years. The mean duration of their diabetes mellitus (DM) to date was 9.2 years, and 63% had complications of diabetes. For the questionnaire, 56% of the patients gave incorrect responses to the knowledge of the footcare section and 81% to the willingness to practice footcare section. Highly educated patients have better knowledge and practice of diabetic footcare than those who are less educated (77% vs. 23%, p < 0.05), (37% vs. 20%, p < 0.05), respectively. A statistically significant difference exists between patients with good and poor knowledge scores.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the knowledge and practice of footcare among DM patients are poor. Therefore, appropriate patient information programs are needed to increase patients' understanding of their illness and how to manage it.
Association of antiviral drugs and their possible mechanisms with DRESS syndrome using data mining algorithms
Authors: Sharma Akash , Roy Sweta , Sharma Ruchika , Kumar Anoop 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAntiviral drugs are not known for drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome. The current study aims is to find out the association of antiviral drugs and their possible mechanism with DRESS. Data mining algorithms such as proportional reporting ratio that is, PRR (≥2) with associated χ2 value (>4), reporting odds ratio that is, ROR (≥2) with 95% confidence interval and case count (≥3) were calculated to identify a possible signal. Further, molecular docking studies were conducted to check the interaction of selected antiviral drugs with possible targets. The potential signal of DRESS was found to be associated with abacavir, acyclovir, ganciclovir, lamivudine, lopinavir, nevirapine, ribavirin, ritonavir, and zidovudine among all selected antiviral drugs. Further, subgroup analysis has also shown a potential signal in different age groups and gender. The sensitivity analysis results have shown a decrease in the strength of the signal, however, there was no significant impact on the outcome except for acyclovir. The docking results have indicated the possible involvement of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)*B1502 and HLA*B5801. The positive signal of DRESS was found with selected antiviral drugs except for acyclovir.
Depressive Symptoms are Positively Linked to Malevolent Creativity: A Novel Perspective on the Maladaptive Nature of Revenge Ideation
Authors: Perchtold‐Stefan Corinna M. , Rominger Christian , Fink Andreas 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTDepressed mood has attracted little attention in creativity research. By comparison, psychotherapeutic studies have repeatedly associated depressive symptomatology with increased revenge ideation. Combining creativity and retaliatory ideation, the present study examined whether self‐reported subclinical depressive symptoms are linked to malevolent creativity – creativity used for the purpose of damaging others – in a psychometric test. In a sample of n = 259 participants, overall depressive symptoms were positively associated with malevolent creativity. Sensitivity analyses confirmed this link for motivational and interactional symptoms, but not cognitive symptoms of depression. As a gender‐specific finding, malevolent creativity was positively linked to emotional symptoms of depression in women, but not men. Our findings hint at the possibility that mood impairments through depressive symptoms may facilitate malevolent creative ideation through increased impulsivity, reduced self‐regulation, and protracted anger rumination. Following recommendations regarding more focused investigations into the vast research complex of psychopathology and creativity, this study emphasizes negative mood as a risk factor for the occurrence of harmful creative ideation, and thus, presents a novel perspective on the intricate link between internalizing and externalizing symptomatology.
Cover Image
Authors: Lee Tsung Hung , Lin Yi Hsien , Fu Chung‐Jen , Chang Chung‐Feng 
Published: March 2023

The cover image is based on the Research Article Segmentation based on environmentally responsible behavior: Evidence from SCUBA divers in Taiwan, the Philippines, and Indonesia by Tsung Hung Lee et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2564.
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An Experimental Study
Authors: Yao Lei , Luo Tingting , Yang Guoliang , Yin Jiabei , Li Hui , Liu Zheng 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the treatment effects of acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) on tumors.MethodsExperiments were conducted on subcutaneous C6 glioma implanted in 37 rats. Twenty‐five rats were divided into five groups treated by ultrasound (US) + dodecafluoropentane (DDFP), US + microbubble (MB), US, DDFP, or saline, respectively. ADV was performed using DDFP droplets (2–5 μm) triggered by non‐focused pulsed ultrasound. Macroscopic and histological changes of the tumor were compared with investigation of the tumor ablation effect of ADV. Tumor temperature was measured before and immediately after treatment to explore temperature changes. Furthermore, another 12 rats with bilateral tumors were divided into two groups. Six animals received ADV treatment on unilateral tumor, while another six received saline injection on unilateral tumor. The tumor blood perfusion, tumor volume and related immune response were measured.ResultsThe tumors treated by ADV were partially damaged without significant temperature rise. For the animals with bilateral tumors, the tumor blood perfusion around the damaged area on the side receiving ADV still existed. Additionally, the bilateral tumors of animals treated with ADV were smaller than those of animals treated with saline, along with stronger immune response and more tumor cell apoptosis in tumors on both sides.ConclusionThe study demonstrated that ADV treatment could damage subcutaneous glioma in rats by mechanical effect and enhance systemic immune response to furtherly inhibit the tumor growth.
Increased RTN3 phenocopies nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting the AMPK–IDH2 pathway
Authors: Huang Hao , Guo Shuai , Chen Ya‐Qin , Liu Yu‐Xing , Jin Jie‐Yuan , Liang Yun , Fan Liang‐Liang , Xiang Rong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractReticulon 3 (RTN3), an endoplasmic reticulum protein, is crucial in neurodegenerative and kidney diseases. However, the role of RTN3 in liver tissues has not been described. Here, we employed public datasets, patients, and several animal models to explore the role of RTN3 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The underlying mechanisms were studied in primary hepatocytes and L02 cells in vitro. We found an increased expression of RTN3 in NAFLD patients, high‐fat diet mice, and oxidized low‐density lipoprotein‐treated L02 cells. The RTN3 transgenic mice exhibited the phenotypes of fatty liver and lipid accumulation. Single‐cell RNA sequencing analysis indicated that increased RTN3 might induce mitochondrial dysfunction. We further showed this in primary hepatocytes, the L02 cell line, and the Caenorhabditis elegans strain. Mechanistically, RTN3 regulated these events through its interactions with glucose‐regulated protein 78 (GRP78), which further inhibited the adenosine 5 monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)–isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) pathway. In the end, knockout of RTN3 relieved fatty liver and mitochondrial dysfunction. Our study indicated that RTN3 was important in NAFLD and lipid catabolism and that an increase in RTN3 in the liver might be a risk factor for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and NAFLD.
Volar versus dorsal approach for supinator to posterior interosseous nerve transfer: An anatomical study in cadavers
Authors: Ahmed Adil Shahzad , Roundy Robert , Graf Alexander R. , Suh Nina , Peljovich Allan E. , Zelenski Nicole A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionSupinator to posterior interosseous nerve (SPIN) transfer allows reconstruction of finger/thumb extension and thumb abduction for low radial nerve palsy, incomplete C6 tetraplegia, and brachial plexus injury affecting C7‐T1. No study has compared dorsal versus volar approach to perform SPIN transfer. This comparison is studied in the present work, assessing supinator motor branch length and ability to achieve nerve transfer from either approach.MethodsTen fresh frozen cadavers were randomly allocated to receive either a dorsal or volar approach to PIN and supinator radial and ulnar branches (RB = radial, UB = ulnar). Supinator head innervation patterns were documented. RB and UB lengths, forearm lengths measured from ulnar styloid to olecranon, visualization of extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) motor nerve without additional dissection, and ability to perform tension‐free nerve transfer were assessed.ResultsNine of 10 specimens had supinator branches innervating both heads. The ECRB nerve was visualized in all volar but only one dorsal approach. No significant differences in forearm length were found. Volar with elbow extended: mean RB length was 35 ± 7.8 mm and UB was 37.8 ± 9.3 mm. Dorsal with elbow extended: mean RB length was 30 ± 4.1 mm and UB was 38.8 ± 7.3 mm. Dorsal with elbow flexed 90°: RB was 25.6 ± 3.8 mm and UB was 34.8 ± 4.8 mm. No significant differences were found in branch lengths between approaches (dorsal vs. volar UB, p = .339; dorsal vs. volar RB, p = .117). All limbs achieved tension‐free coaptation.ConclusionNeither approach demonstrated superiority in achieving tension‐free nerve transfer. Volar permitted immediate identification of ECRB nerve whereas this was only visualized in one dorsal specimen without additional dissection. Overall, the volar approach allows direct coaptation in elbow extension, mimicking maximal physiologic tension for neurorrhaphy. It simultaneously permits additional procedures for pinch reconstruction via single exposure, circumventing limb/microscope maneuvering, dorsal dissection, and increased operative time. Ultimate choice of approach should depend on surgeon familiarity and potential need for additional simultaneous transfers.
Simulation studies of a full‐ring, CZT SPECT system for whole‐body imaging of 99mTc and 177Lu
Authors: Huh Yoonsuk , Caravaca Javier , Kim Jaehyuk , Cui Yonggang , Huang Qiu , Gullberg Grant , Seo Youngho 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSingle photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is an imaging modality that has demonstrated its utility in a number of clinical indications. Despite this progress, a high sensitivity, high spatial resolution, multi‐tracer SPECT with a large field of view suitable for whole‐body imaging of a broad range of radiotracers for theranostics is not available.PurposeWith the goal of filling this technological gap, we have designed a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) full‐ring SPECT scanner instrumented with a broad‐energy tungsten collimator. The final purpose is to provide a multi‐tracer solution for brain and whole‐body imaging. Our static SPECT does not rely on the dual‐ and the triple‐head rotational SPECT standard paradigm, enabling a larger effective area in each scan to increase the sensitivity. We provide a demonstration of the performance of our design using a realistic model of our detector with simulated body‐sized phantoms filled with 99mTc and 177Lu.MethodsWe create a realistic model of our detector by using a combination of a Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE) Monte Carlo simulation and a finite element model for the CZT response, accounting for low‐energy tail effects in CZT that affects the sensitivity and the scatter correction. We implement a modified dual‐energy‐window scatter correction adapted for CZT. Other corrections for attenuation, detector and collimator response, and detector gaps and edges are also included. The images are reconstructed using the maximum‐likelihood expectation‐maximization. Detector and reconstruction performance are characterized with point sources, Derenzo phantoms, and a body‐sized National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Image Quality (IQ) phantom for both 99mTc and 177Lu.ResultsOur SPECT design can resolve 7.9 mm rods for 99mTc (140 keV) and 9.5 mm for 177Lu (208 keV) in a hot‐rod Derenzo phantom with a 3‐min exposure and reach an image contrast of 78% for 99mTc and 57% for 177Lu using the NEMA IQ phantom with a 6‐min exposure. Our modified scatter correction shows an improved contrast‐recovery ratio compared to a standard correction.ConclusionsIn this paper, we demonstrate the good performance of our design for whole‐body imaging purposes. This adds to our previous demonstration of improved qualitative and quantitative 99mTc imaging of brain perfusion and 123I imaging of dopamine transport with respect to state‐of‐the‐art NaI dual‐head cameras. We show that our design provides similar IQ and contrast to the commercial full‐ring SPECT VERITON for 99mTc. Regarding 177Lu imaging of the 208 keV emissions, our design provides similar contrast to that of other state‐of‐the‐art SPECTs with a significant reduction in exposure. The high sensitivity and extended energy range up to 250 keV makes our SPECT design a promising alternative for clinical imaging and theranostics of emerging radionuclides.
Superconducting magnet designs and MRI accessibility: A review
Authors: Manso Jimeno Marina , Vaughan John Thomas , Geethanath Sairam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPresently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) magnets must deliver excellent magnetic field (B0) uniformity to achieve optimum image quality. Long magnets can satisfy the homogeneity requirements but require considerable superconducting material. These designs result in large, heavy, and costly systems that aggravate as field strength increases. Furthermore, the tight temperature tolerance of niobium titanium magnets adds instability to the system and requires operation at liquid helium temperature. These issues are crucial factors in the disparity of MR density and field strength use across the globe. Low‐income settings show reduced access to MRI, especially to high field strengths. This article summarizes the proposed modifications to MRI superconducting magnet design and their impact on accessibility, including compact, reduced liquid helium, and specialty systems. Reducing the amount of superconductor inevitably entails shrinking the magnet size, resulting in higher field inhomogeneity. This work also reviews the state‐of‐the‐art imaging and reconstruction methods to overcome this issue. Finally, we summarize the current and future challenges and opportunities in the design of accessible MRI.
Choosing wisely: Enteral feeding tube selection, placement, and considerations before and beyond the procedure room
Authors: Reddick Cynthia A. , Greaves June R. , Flaherty Janelle E. , Callihan Lindsey E. , Larimer Cara H. , Allen Sarah A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhen an enteral feeding tube (EFT) is placed, it is not always known how long this nutrition support intervention will be needed. As a result, the type of device the patient originally has placed may not match the function it is required to serve or the lifestyle needs of the patient throughout their enteral nutrition journey. Medicare considers an EFT a prosthetic device, as it is replacing a permanently inoperable or nonfunctioning organ. If we think about an EFT the same way we think about a prosthetic limb, one that needs to be customized to meet all of the patient's functional and lifestyle needs, we can also begin to think beyond the procedure room and carefully consider a variety of factors that impact the patient at home receiving enteral nutrition. Proper fit, function, and style is essential in order for the patient to have a positive relationship with their EFT, contributing to their successful home enteral nutrition experience. Clinicians who care for these patients in any setting and in any capacity would benefit from enhancing their understanding of available EFT options, their design components, and available methods of placement. Many home care and outpatient clinicians adopt the role of patient advocate as it relates to a patient's enteral nutrition journey, and this expanded knowledge could be used to benefit the patient by improving their overall enteral nutrition experience and ultimately their relationship with their “prosthetic.”