bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of continuous ion beams on the changes in the morphology of surface layers and performance properties of a tungsten-free hard alloy of KNT16 grade
Authors: Badamshin Artem M. , Povoroznyuk Sergey N. , Krutko Andrey A. , Burgonova Oksana Yu. 
Published: July 2023

Subject of research: the article studies the effect of continuous ion beams of Ar++Zr+ and N++Ti+ compositions, with ion energy E = 20 keV and radiation dose D = 5⸱1017 ion/cm2, on the change in morphology, microhardness and wear resistance during finishing turning processing of metal-cutting plates made of tungsten-free hard alloy grade KNT16 (TiCN-Ni-Mo).
The purpose of the study: the development of technological modes of ion-beam processing aimed at improving the operational characteristics of metal-cutting tools from tungsten-free hard alloys of the TiCN-Ni-Mo system.
Methods and objects of research: the object of research was metal-cutting plates made of tungsten-free hard alloy grade KNT16 in the initial state and after modification of their surface layers by continuous ion beams of Ar++Zr+ and N++Ti+. The change in the wear resistance of cutting inserts after ion modification was estimated by constructing kinetic curves of wear of the rear surfaces of the inserts during finishing turning of bars made of 40KhN steel. The microhardness of the samples was determined using a Shimadzu HMV-2 microhardness tester using the Vickers method. The change in surface morphology was assessed using atomic force microscopy on an Ntegra prima scanning probe microscope.
Research results: using the method of atomic force microscopy, using the N++Ti+ beam as an example, it was shown that ion-beam treatment leads to selective sputtering of the binder phase in a thin surface layer of the irradiated hard alloy. It has been experimentally determined that ion modification contributes to an increase in the average service life of cutting inserts by 4060% compared to the initial ones during finishing turning of 40KhN steel in the normalized state. It has been established that ion irradiation with an Ar++Zr+ beam leads to an increase in the average value of the microhardness of the KNT16 alloy by ~ 20%, and with an N++Ti+ beam by ~ 10%. Physicochemical processes are proposed that are responsible for changes in the properties of metal-cutting inserts made of tungsten-free hard alloy KNT16 as a result of modifying its surface layers with ion beams.
Formulation and evaluation of Polyherbal tablet by using Neem, Tulsi, Turmeric and Ginger extract
Authors: Paul Souvik , Dey Tanmoy , Koirala Prabin , Tamang Sidhant , Bhattacharya Soumik , Das Rajat 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Cold and cough is the common disease condition which effects patient of every age. The treatment approach of medicinal herbs has been recognized for many decades and even longer for the treatment and prevention of cold and cough. The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of polyherbal tablet. Polyherbal tablet containing herbs like Neem (Azadirachta indica), Tulsi (Ocimum tenuiflorum), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is used for curing cold and cough. This tablet formulation reduces the healing time for sore throat and boost up the immunity.
Materials and methods: The preparation of the extract and manufacturing of the polyherbal tablet is by processing technique with extract based herbal formulation and evaluation for analytical standardization including qualitative and quantitative determination were carried out. The tablets were weighed individually, the hardness and thickness were measured, friability of the tablet was measured, and the disintegration time was observed. The colour was observed to be brownish yellow and no odour.
Discussion: When combining the multiple herbs in a particular ratio, it will give a better therapeutic effect and reduce the toxicity. This review mainly focusses on importance of the polyherbalism and its clinical significance.
Keywords: Polyherbal tablets, formulation, evaluation, hardness, disintegration time.
Prevalência e fatores associados à cefaleia em um município do sudoeste baiano
Authors: Fernandes João Pedro , Cardoso Luz Matheus , Pereira Cruz André Fabrício , Defensor Meira Rodrigo , Alves da Silva Costa Rafael , Costa Rodrigues Diniz Mariana , Cruz Almeida Thamires  Victória , Rodrigues Melo Gabriel , Pimenta Nunes Luiz Carlos , Cedro de Oliveira Hugo Alejandro 
Published: July 2023

Introdução. A cefaleia é uma das queixas mais comuns na prática médica, acometendo quase todas as pessoas pelo menos uma vez ao longo da vida e apresentando diversas relações clínicas e epidemiológicas. No entanto, é bastante sub-diagnosticada e sub-tratada. Objetivo. Avaliar a prevalência e fatores associados à cefaleia em pacientes de um município do sudoeste baiano (Guanambi). Método. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, com análises quantitativas de campo. A amostra foi composta por 395 participantes ambos os gêneros, selecionados de forma aleatória. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário com perguntas diretas e objetivas das quais objetivaram o levantamento de dados relacionados com os interesses dessa pesquisa. Os dados foram tratados nos softwares SPSS e Microsoft Office Excel para representar os resultados obtidos. Resultados. Foi observado que na cidade de Guanambi-Ba há uma maior prevalência de cefaleia em indivíduos do gênero feminino e com uma tendência de aumento com o avançar da idade. Por um lado, estresse familiar, fome, momento específico do ciclo menstrual e falta de café demonstraram-se fatores que influenciam o início da dor. Por outro lado, o uso de celular não possui um padrão claro de influência. Conclusão. Esses resultados irão contribuir para a compreensão dos fatores clínicos e epidemiológicos associados aos pacientes acometidos pelo quadro de cefaleia. Dessa forma, poderão auxiliar na construção de políticas públicas voltadas para essa doença e consequentemente melhor compreensão dos pacientes sobre seu acometimento.
Efeito de diferentes vestimentas sobre a comportamento da frequência cardíaca, ventilação pulmonar e concentração de água corporal em exercício contínuo
Authors: Silva Jr Autran José , Rezende Tiago Marques de , Gonçalves Lucas Moreira , Bitencourt Edson Kilian 
Published: July 2023

A vestimenta utilizada durante o exercício físico é um importante determinante para a hipertermia e os ajustes cardiorrespiratórios. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar o efeito indireto de dois tipos diferentes de vestimentas sobre a os parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e água corporal em um exercício contínuo. A amostra foi composta por 10 homens, 18,3 ± 0,3 (anos), 68,7 ± 8,9 kg (Massa corporal), 178 ± 10,2 cm (Estatura)e 23,13 ± 3,4 (IMC). Todos realizaram dois testes aeróbios continuos de 30 minutos no limiar anaeróbio, com vestimenta leve (bermuda e camiseta) e vestimenta pesada (calça, camiseta e jaqueta camuflada, usados pelas Forças Armadas). Avaliamos a taxa metabólica basal, massa magra, água corporal, frequência cardíaca, ventilação pulmonar anterior e posterior a realização dos testes. Não foram encontradas diferenças entre os parâmetros estudados em relação a vestimenta leve e pesada. Podemos concluir que o uso de calça, jaqueta e camiseta confeccionadas com tecido de algodão em uma atividade física com duração de 30 minutos na intensidade do limiar anaeróbio em temperatura ambiente de 22 °C não representa um estresse térmico que impeça a realização da mesma.
Successful excision of a giant cervical mediastinal goiter by cervical collar incision and a thoracoscopic approach: a case report
Authors: Morimoto Junichi , Yamanaka Takahiro , Yusa Jotaro , Ochi Takahiro , Kaiho Taisuke , Ohashi Kota , Shiina Yuki , Sata Yuki , Toyoda Takahide , Hata Atsushi , Yamamoto Takayoshi , Sakairi Yuichi , Wada Hironobu , Suzuki Hidemi , Nakajima Takahiro , Yoshino Ichiro 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Giant cervicomediastinal goiter extending to the bifurcation of the trachea mostly requires median sternotomy in addition to a cervical collar incision for resection. Sternotomy provides a good operative field, although it is one of the most invasive thoracic approaches. We herein report a case of giant cervicomediastinal goiter resected by a less-invasive and highly effective method with a thoracoscopic and cervical approach.

Case presentation
A 71-year-old Japanese woman with giant cervicomediastinal goiter extending to the bifurcation of the trachea was introduced and admitted to our hospital with dyspnea. Chest computed tomography showed tumor-induced airway narrowing due to the giant goiter of the right side of the thyroid lobe. We safely performed resection of the giant goiter through a cervical collar incision and thoracoscopic approach, and this combined approach contributed to the early discharge of the patient from the hospital.

Conclusion
A combined approach of cervical collar incision and thoracoscopy is useful for resection of giant goiter.
Possíveis Implicações da Aplicação Combinada da Blockchain, Smart Contract e Inteligência Artificial nas Contratações e no Orçamento Público
Authors: Alexsandro Souza Burite  , Ana Rita Silva Sacramento  , Raupp Fabiano Maury 
Published: July 2023

O estudo teve por objetivo analisar possíveis implicações decorrentes da aplicação combinada de três tecnologias digitais - blockchain, smart contract e inteligência artificial - aos processos de contratação e orçamento efetuados pela Administração Pública. Trata-se de estudo bibliográfico e documental, com abordagem qualitativa. Foi possível constatar a possibilidade de aplicação combinada dessas três tecnologias no âmbito das contratações e do orçamento público a partir da identificação de alguns casos, ainda que em fase inicial de aplicação. Ademais, identificou-se que a blockchain e o smart contract são tecnologias naturalmente interconectadas, assim, ao usar uma concomitantemente a outra é usada. Quanto a IA, embora não haja essa interconexão natural, por ela ser uma tecnologia independente, é possível fazer a integração à blockchain e ao smart contract, basta que haja uma decisão de gestão com a finalidade de integralizar as três e assim, consequetemente, aumentar suas potencialidades de usos nas contratações públicas e no orçamento público. Sob o ponto de vista legal, o estudo permitiu verificar a existência de normativos que dão suporte ao uso dessas tecnologias no âmbito das contratações públicas: a Lei do Governo Digital, a Nova Lei de Licitações e Contratos e a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados. A criação de uma estrutura de governança em rede viabilizado pelo uso convergente das tecnologias blockchain, smarts contracts e IA pode ser um caminho promissor à mitigação de muitos dos problemas relacionados às contratações e assim possibilitar a construção de uma gestão pública efetivamente alinhada aos princípios constitucionais da legalidade, impessoalidade, moralidade, publicidade e eficiência.
HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DENGAN PENGGUNAAN GADGET PADA ANAK USIASEKOLAH DI KELURAHAN BINANGA KABUPATEN MAMUJU TAHUN 2022
Authors: Susiandari Ariawati , Parwati Dewi 
Published: July 2023

Latar Belakang Dampak penggunaan gadget di kalangan anak-anak yaitu penurunan konsentrasi saat belajar, malas menulis dan membaca, penurunan dalam kemampuan bersosialisasi (misalnya anak kurang main dengan teman di lingkungan sekitarnya), kecanduan (anak akan sulit dan tergantungan dengan gadget karena sudah menjadi suatu hal kebutuhan untuknya), dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan, (karena paparan radiasi yang ada pada gadget, dan juga dapat merusak kesehatan mata anak), Perkembangan kognitif pada anak melambat (kognitif atau pemikiran proses psikologis yang berkaitan bagaimana individu mempelajari, memperhatikan, mengamati, membayangkan, memperkirakan, menilai dan memikirkan lingkungannya akan terlambat), Menghambat kemampuan berbahasa (anak yang terbiasa menggunakan gadget kan cenderung diam, sering menirukan bahasa yang di- dengar, menutup diri dan enggan berkomunikasi dengan teman atau lingkungannya.Jenis penelitian Rancangan penelitian adalah keseluruhan rencana atau struktur dan strategi penelitian yang disusun sedemikian rupa agar dapat memperoleh jawaban mengenai permasalahan penelitian.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian Analitik Korelasional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasi dengan rancangan Cross Sectional.Hasil penelitian Hasil analisis statistik dengan uji chi-square diperoleh nilai p=0,435>a=0,05. Hal tersebut berarti bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan penggunaan gadget pada anak usia sekolah di Kelurahan Binanga Kabupaten Mamuju Tahun 2022.
Perancangan Absensi Siswa berbasis Web Berbasis PHP MySQL di SMA Negeri 1 Palupuh
Authors: Gustiar Gustiar , Zakir Supratman , Aprison Wedra , Sesmiarni Zulfani 
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi tentang persoalan absensi siswa di SMA N 1 Palupuh yang seringnya terjadi kehilangan rekap, serta susahnya pihak tata usaha dalam merekapitulasi setiap pembelajaran dikarenakan banyaknya tumpukan kertas. Tujuan penelitian ini bagaimana merancang sebuah sistem absensi siswa berbasis online untuk mengatasi persoalan absensi dan pendataan absensi secara digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D. Model R&D yang digunakan adalah Versi ADDIE (Analysis – Design – Develop – Implement – Evaluate). Serta untuk uji produk yaitu uji validitas, uji praktikalitas, dan uji efektifitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penulis berhasil membuat aplikasi absensi online siswa. absensi online siswa yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini dapat digunakan dan diakses oleh guru tata usaha, dan terlebih lagi tertuju pada siswa. Sedangkan hasil validitas dari 3 orang validator diperoleh 0.79 yaitu sangat valid, hasil praktikalitas dari 3 orang penguji diperoleh 81,33 yaitu sangat praktis, dan hasil efektifitas dari 3 orang, wakil kesiswaan, guru tata usaha dan guru bimbingan konseling dan 3 orang guru mata pelajaran diperoleh 0.75 yang dinyatakan sangat efektif.
Abstract
This research is motivated by the problem of student absenteeism at SMA N 1 Palupuh which often loses recaps, and the difficulty of the administration in recapitulating each lesson because of the many piles of paper. The purpose of this study is how to design an online-based student attendance system to overcome the problem of digital attendance and attendance data collection. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D. The R&D model used is the ADDIE version (Analysis – Design – Develop – Implement – ​​Evaluate). And for product testing, namely validity test, practicality test, and effectiveness test. Based on the research results , the author succeeded in making a student online attendance application. The student online attendance generated in this study can be used and accessed by administrative teachers, and the focus is again on students. While the results of the validity of the 3 validators obtained 0.79 which is very valid, the results of practicality of the 3 e aminers obtained 81.33 which is very practical, and the results of the effectiveness of 3 people, student representatives, administrative and counseling teachers and 3 subject teachers obtained 0.75 which is declared very effective.
Dementia Risk and Disadvantaged Neighborhoods
Authors: Dintica Christina S. , Bahorik Amber , Xia Feng , Kind Amy , Yaffe Kristine 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceResidence in a disadvantaged neighborhood may be associated with an increased risk for cognitive impairment and dementia but is understudied in nationally representative populations.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and dementia.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsRetrospective cohort study within the US Veterans Health Administration from October 1, 1999, to September 30, 2021, with a national cohort of older veterans receiving care in the largest integrated health care system in the United States. For each fiscal year, a 5% random sample was selected from all patients (n = 2 398 659). Patients with missing ADI information (n = 492 721) or missing sex information (n = 6) and prevalent dementia cases (n = 25 379) were excluded. Participants had to have at least 1 follow-up visit (n = 1 662 863). The final analytic sample was 1 637 484.ExposureNeighborhoods were characterized with the ADI, which combines several sociodemographic indicators (eg, income, education, employment, and housing) into a census block group-level index of disadvantage. Participants were categorized into ADI rank quintiles by their census block group of residence (higher ADI rank quintile corresponds with more deprivation).Main Outcome and MeasuresTime to dementia diagnosis (using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes) was estimated with Cox proportional hazards models with age as the time scale, and the sensitivity of the findings was evaluated with Fine-Gray proportional hazards models, accounting for competing risk of death.ResultsAmong the 1 637 484 Veterans Health Administration patients, the mean (SD) age was 68.6 (7.7) years, and 1 604 677 (98.0%) were men. A total of 7318 patients were Asian (0.4%), 151 818 (9.3%) were Black, 10 591 were Hispanic (0.6%), 1 422 713 (86.9%) were White, and 45 044 (2.8%) were of other or unknown race and ethnicity. During a mean (SD) follow-up of 11.0 (4.8) years, 12.8% of veterans developed dementia. Compared with veterans in the least disadvantaged neighborhood quintile, those in greater disadvantage groups had an increased risk of dementia in models adjusted for sex, race and ethnicity, and psychiatric and medical comorbid conditions (first quintile = reference; second quintile adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.09 [95% CI, 1.07-1.10]; third quintile adjusted HR, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.12-1.15]; fourth quintile adjusted HR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.14-1.18]; and fifth quintile adjusted HR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.21-1.24]). Repeating the main analysis using competing risk for mortality led to similar results.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this study suggest that residence within more disadvantaged neighborhoods was associated with higher risk of dementia among older veterans integrated in a national health care system.
Separated Active Site and Reaction Space for Multi‐Pollutant Elimination Significantly Enhancing Low Toxic Product Selectivity
Authors: Wei Lu , Liu Yuxi , Cui Suping , Wang Can , Hsi Hsing‐Cheng , Duan Erhong , Peng Yue , Dai Hongxing , Guo Guangsheng , Deng Jiguang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIt is possible to remove volatile organic compounds containing chlorine (CVOCs, such as chlorobenzene) in a single device designed for selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 for the industries containing CVOCs and NOx. Breaking the efficiency‐selectivity trade‐off in chlorobenzene oxidation remains a major challenge due to the conjugation of halogen atoms with the benzene ring and the reducing nature of NH3. A stepwise synthesis strategy is demontrated to disperse dual Ru/Cu Lewis acid sites outside and inside the zeolite channel. Under the confinement of zeolite, the Ru4+ Lewis acid site on the external surface of the zeolite promotes chlorobenzene oxidation by weakening the p‐π conjugate structure of Cl and benzene ring, while the Cu2+ Lewis acid site within the internal channel converts NOx and NH3 to N2. The mutual interference between catalytic oxidation and reduction is successfully avoided. Therefore, the low toxic CO2 and HCl selectivity experience a considerable increase from 21% to 86%, and from 51% to 94% with 91% conversion of chlorobenzene, while maintaining excellent elimination performance for NO (with N2 selectivity exceeding 90%). The incorporation of separated active sites and reaction spaces into the design may offer potentials for other energy and environmental applications.
Carrageenan as a Sacrificial Binder for 5 V LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathodes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chang Barsa , Yun Dae Hui , Hwang Insu , Seo Joon Kyo , Kang Joonhee , Noh Gyeongho , Choi Sunghun , Choi Jang Wook 
Published: July 2023

Abstract5 V‐class LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) with its spinel symmetry is a promising cathode material for lithium‐ion batteries. However, the high‐voltage operation of LNMO renders it vulnerable to interfacial degradation involving electrolyte decomposition, which hinders long‐term and high‐rate cycling. Herein, this longstanding challenge presented by LNMO is overcome by incorporating a sacrificial binder, namely, λ‐carrageenan (CRN), a sulfated polysaccharide. This binder not only uniformly covers the LNMO surface via hydrogen bonding and ion‐dipole interaction but also offers an ionically conductive cathode–electrolyte interphase layer containing LiSOxF, a product of the electrochemical decomposition of the sulfate group. Taking advantage of these two auspicious properties, the CRN‐based electrode exhibits cycling and rate performance far superior to that of its counterparts based on the conventional poly(vinylidene difluoride) and sodium alginate binders. This study introduces a new concept, namely “sacrificial” binder, for battery electrodes known to deliver superior electrochemical performance but be adversely affected by interfacial instability.
AlCl3‐Promoted Conia‐Ene‐Related Cyclization of α,ω‐Diethylenic Ketones and 1,2‐ or 1,3‐Hydroalkenylation of Unactivated Cyclopropanes
Authors: Coulomb Julien 
Published: July 2023

Abstractα,β‐Unsaturated enones possessing an unactivated olefin at the ϵ‐, ζ‐ or η‐position underwent an aluminum chloride‐promoted Conia‐ene‐related cyclization, affording unsaturated decalones or hexahydroindenones in generally good yields. Cyclopropanes could be used as olefin surrogates in this process, leading to the same bicyclic products in slightly improved efficiency as the result of 1,2‐ or 1,3‐hydroalkenylation reactions. This method provided an access to a whole range of bi‐ or tricyclic enone synthons, some of which were potentially useful as odorants or in the synthesis of biologically active molecules.
New Chemical Dopant and Counterion Mechanism for Organic Electrochemical Transistors and Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductors
Authors: Le Vianna N. , Bombile Joel H. , Rupasinghe Gehan S. , Baustert Kyle N. , Li Ruipeng , Maria Iuliana P. , Shahi Maryam , Alarcon Espejo Paula , McCulloch Iain , Graham Kenneth R. , Risko Chad , Paterson Alexandra F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOrganic mixed ionic–electronic conductors (OMIECs) have varied performance requirements across a diverse application space. Chemically doping the OMIEC can be a simple, low‐cost approach for adapting performance metrics. However, complex challenges, such as identifying new dopant materials and elucidating design rules, inhibit its realization. Here, these challenges are approached by introducing a new n‐dopant, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBA‐OH), and identifying a new design consideration underpinning its success. TBA‐OH behaves as both a chemical n‐dopant and morphology additive in donor acceptor co‐polymer naphthodithiophene diimide‐based polymer, which serves as an electron transporting material in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). The combined effects enhance OECT transconductance, charge carrier mobility, and volumetric capacitance, representative of the key metrics underpinning all OMIEC applications. Additionally, when the TBA+ counterion adopts an “edge‐on” location relative to the polymer backbone, Coulombic interaction between the counterion and polaron is reduced, and polaron delocalization increases. This is the first time such mechanisms are identified in doped‐OECTs and doped‐OMIECs. The work herein therefore takes the first steps toward developing the design guidelines needed to realize chemical doping as a generic strategy for tailoring performance metrics in OECTs and OMIECs.