bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy, delivery and neonatal outcomes among women with hypoparathyroidism—A population‐based study
Authors: Hochberg Alyssa , Pare Aurelie , Badeghiesh Ahmad M. , Baghlaf Haitham A. , Dahan Michael H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveData are inconclusive regarding pregnancy complications associated with maternal chronic hypoparathyroidism. Therefore, we aimed to compare pregnancy, delivery and neonatal outcomes in patients affected by chronic hypoparathyroidism to those without chronic hypoparathyroidism.DesignA retrospective population‐based study utilising data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP‐NIS) database over 11 years from 2004 to 2014 inclusively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to control for confounders.PatientsPatients with chronic hypoparathyroidism compared with those without.MeasurementsObstetric and neonatal outcomes.ResultsWe identified 204 pregnancies in mothers with chronic hypoparathyroidism and 9,096,584 pregnancies without chronic hypoparathyroidism. After adjusting for age, insurance plan type, obesity, chronic hypertension, thyroid disease, pregestational diabetes mellitus, and previous caesarean section, patients in the hypoparathyroidism group, compared with those without hypoparathyroidism, were found to have an increased rate of preterm birth (<37 weeks) (19.1% vs. 7.2%, aOR: 2.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.74–3.54, p < 0.0001, respectively); and blood transfusions (4.9% vs. 1.0%, aOR: 4.07, 95% CI: 2.15–7.73, p < ‐0.0001). Neonates to mothers with chronic hypoparathyroidism had a higher rate of congenital anomalies (4.4% vs. 0.4%, aOR: 6.50, 95% CI: 3.31–12.75, p < 0.0001), with comparable rates of small‐for‐gestational‐age neonates and intrauterine foetal death.ConclusionThis is the largest study of chronic hypoparathyroidism in pregnancy to date. We found significant increases in the rates of preterm birth, blood transfusions and congenital anomalies in chronic hypoparathyroidism. Our findings highlight the importance of identifying chronic hypoparathyroidism as a risk factor for pregnancy and neonatal complications, although it remains unknown if maintaining calcium in the target range will mitigate these risks.
Utilization of hepatitis C virus infected donors in heart transplant recipients with elevated MELD‐XI score
Authors: Hirani Rahim , Okumura Kenji , Isath Ameesh , Gregory Vasiliki , Khan Shazli , Dhand Abhay , Lanier Gregg M. , Spielvogel David , Kai Masashi , Ohira Suguru 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe advent of direct‐acting antivirals has helped to increase the safe utilization of organs from hepatitis C virus positive (HCV+) donors. However, the outcomes of heart transplantation (HT) using an HCV+ donor are unclear in recipients with underlying liver disease represented by an elevated model for end‐stage liver disease excluding international normalized ratio (MELD‐XI).MethodsThe United Network of Organ Sharing database was queried from Jan 2016 to Dec 2021. Post‐transplant outcomes stratified by recipient MELD‐XI score (low <10.37, medium, 10.38–13.39, and high >13.4) was compared between patients with HT from HCV+ (N = 792) and patients with HT from HCV‐negative donors (N = 15,266).ResultsThe median MELD‐XI score was comparable (HCV+, 12.1, vs. HCV‐negative, 11.8, p = .37). In the HCV+ group, donors were older (33 vs. 31 years, p < .001). Ischemic time of donor hearts (3.48 vs. 3.28 h, p < .001) and travel distance (250 vs. 157 miles, p < .001) were longer in HCV+ group. In the Kaplan Meier analysis with a median follow‐up of 750 days, survival was comparable between the two groups (2‐year survival, MELD‐XI Low: HCV+, 92.4 ± 3.6% vs. HCV‐negative, 91.1 ±.8%, p = .83, Medium: HCV+ 89.2 ± 4.3% vs. HCV‐negative, 88.2 ± 1.0%, p = .68, and High: HCV+, 84.9 ± 4.5% vs. HCV‐negative, 84.6 ± 1.1%, p = .75) In multivariate Cox hazard models, HCV donors were not associated with mortality in each MELD‐XI subgroup (Low: adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 1.02, p = .94; Medium: aHR, .95, p = .81; and High: aHR, .93, p = .68).ConclusionUtilization of HCV+ hearts was not associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes in recipients with an elevated MELD‐ XI score.
Low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes: Lipid goal attainment in a large German–Austrian diabetes registry
Authors: Brandts Julia , Tittel Sascha R. , Bramlage Peter , Danne Thomas , Brix Johanna M. , Zimny Stefan , Heyer Christoph H. J. , Holl Reinhard W. , Müller‐Wieland Dirk 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the implementation of the 2019 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) guideline recommendations for lipid‐lowering therapies among more than 30 000 patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a German and Austrian registry from 2020 to 2022.Materials and MethodsRegistry data from 2020 and 2021 of 32 170 adult patients (8314 patients with T1D and 23 856 with T2D) were stratified according to the 2019 ESC/EAS risk categories, and guideline‐based low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (non‐HDL‐C) goal attainment was analysed.ResultsIn patients with T1D (median age 38.35 [20.51‐57.13] years), overall statin use was 19.3%, ezetimibe use was 2.2% and the use of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors or fibrates was less than 1%. In patients with T2D (median age 68.76 [58.86‐78.39] years), 45.7% received statins, 3.4% received ezetimibe, and fibrates and PCSK9 inhibitors were used by 1% and 0.1%, respectively. Among patients with T1D, 6.16% reached their risk‐based recommended LDL‐C goal of less than 55 mg/dL (very high risk), 10.97% of less than 70 mg/dL (high risk), and 69.50% of less than 100 mg/dL (moderate risk), respectively. In patients with T2D, 11.81% reached their risk‐based goal of LDL‐C less than 55 mg/dL, 16.25% of less than 70 mg/dL, and 51.33% of less than 100 mg/dL. Non‐HDL‐C goals were reached more often, with 15.3%, 25.52% and 91.61% in patients with T1D and 18.56%, 17.96% and 82.30% in patients with T2D for very high, high and moderate risk, respectively.ConclusionApproximately 2 years after publication of the guidelines, LDL‐C and non‐HDL‐C goal attainment was rarely achieved in patients with T1D and T2D with a high or very high cardiovascular risk.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of once‐weekly insulin icodec in individuals with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Pieber Thomas R. , Asong Marisse , Fluhr Gabriele , Höller Vera , Kristensen Niels R. , Larsen Jonas H. , Ribel‐Madsen Rasmus , Svehlikova Eva , Vinther Siri , Voortman Margarete , Haahr Hanne 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsTo characterize the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of once‐weekly insulin icodec in type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and MethodsIn an open‐label trial, 46 individuals with T2D (18‐75 years; body mass index 18.0‐38.0 kg/m2; glycated haemoglobin ≤75 mmol/mol [≤9%]; basal insulin‐treated) received subcutaneous once‐weekly icodec for ≥8 weeks at individualized doses, aiming at a pre‐breakfast plasma glucose concentration of 4.4 to 7.0 mmol/L (80‐126 mg/dL) on the last three mornings of each weekly dosing interval. Frequent blood sampling to assess total serum icodec concentration (ie, albumin‐bound and unbound) occurred from first icodec dose until 35 days after last dose. Icodec trough concentrations following initiation of once‐weekly dosing were predicted by pharmacokinetic modelling. During the final 3 weeks of icodec treatment, while at steady state, the icodec glucose‐lowering effect was assessed in three glucose clamps (target 7.5 mmol/L [135 mg/dL]): 0 to 36, 40 to 64 and 144 to 168 h post‐dose, thus covering the initial, middle and last part of the 1‐week dosing interval. Glucose‐lowering effect during a complete dosing interval was predicted by pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic modelling.ResultsModel‐predicted icodec steady state was attained after 3 to 4 weeks. At steady state, model‐predicted daily proportions of glucose‐lowering effect on days 1 to 7 of the 1‐week dosing interval were 14.1%, 16.1%, 15.8%, 15.0%, 14.0%, 13.0% and 12.0%, respectively. Icodec duration of action was at least 1 week in all participants. Once‐weekly icodec was overall safe and well tolerated in the current trial.ConclusionsThe pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of icodec in individuals with T2D support its potential as a once‐weekly basal insulin.
Religion and development in Samoa: Time to draw on the strength of local culture?
Authors: Alofaituli Brian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMotivationAs in much of the Pacific, Samoans understand their culture through Western religious lenses. Christianity andfa'a‐Samoa(culture and practices) are entangled; they determine Samoa's daily reality of governance, society, and economic development. To discuss Samoa's development over the past two centuries without addressing Samoan agency in maintaining the Christian mantle to navigate their worldviews would be to misrepresent modern Samoa. Policy and investment for economic development, especially foreign aid, is largely determined at national level. Samoa's most vital communities to effect change, however, are local: church congregations and their leaders.PurposeI examine the intersections of religiosity and Samoa's development. Should foreign aid donors consider Samoa's religious communities to implement effective education, poverty, and development programmes if religion is regarded as a cultural entity?Methods and approachI usedtalanoato collect data from discussions with directors of two leading aid donors in Samoa, the United Nations (UN) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB), and the Aid Coordinator for the Government of Samoa.Talanoais a face‐to‐face dialogue often used in Pacific communities.FindingsReligion plays a significant role in Samoan society. Samoans view economic development, the improvement of the lives of ordinary citizens, job stability, and education as part of themanuia(blessings) of Samoa's religious and political status and communitytapuaiga(prayers). That said, religion is not considered in formal discussions of aid and development. The interviewees agree that aid donors should understand the role of religion in daily society.Policy implicationsPerhaps it is time for aid donors and Christian Pacific Island countries to use these unorthodox methods for positive economic and social changes. As stated in Samoa's World Summit on Sustainable Development Assessment Report, “the potential influential standing and the extensive outreach of the church within the community makes it a valuable vehicle to drive pro‐harmony strategies” (Government of Samoa, 2000).
Vestibular contribution to spatial encoding
Authors: Zanchi Silvia , Cuturi Luigi F. , Sandini Giulio , Gori Monica , Ferrè Elisa R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDetermining the spatial relation between objects and our location in the surroundings is essential for survival. Vestibular inputs provide key information about the position and movement of our head in the three‐dimensional space, contributing to spatial navigation. Yet, their role in encoding spatial localisation of environmental targets remains to be fully understood. We probed the accuracy and precision of healthy participants' representations of environmental space by measuring their ability to encode the spatial location of visual targets (Experiment 1). Participants were asked to detect a visual light and then walk towards it. Vestibular signalling was artificially disrupted using stochastic galvanic vestibular stimulation (sGVS) applied selectively during encoding targets' location. sGVS impaired the accuracy and precision of locating the environmental visual targets. Importantly, this effect was specific to the visual modality. The location of acoustic targets was not influenced by vestibular alterations (Experiment 2). Our findings indicate that the vestibular system plays a role in localising visual targets in the surrounding environment, suggesting a crucial functional interaction between vestibular and visual signals for the encoding of the spatial relationship between our body position and the surrounding objects.
Systematic review of drug therapy for chorea in NXK2‐1‐related disorders: Efficacy and safety evidence from case studies and series
Authors: Nou‐Fontanet Laia , Martín‐Gómez Carmen , Isabel‐Gómez Rebeca , Bachoud‐Lévi Anne‐Catherine , Zorzi Giovanna , Capuano Alessandro ,   NKX2‐1‐Related Disorders Guideline Working Group, Blasco‐Amaro Juan Antonio , Ortigoza‐Escobar Juan Darío 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe NKX2‐1‐related disorders (NKX2‐1‐RD) is a rare disorder characterized by choreiform movements along with respiratory and endocrine abnormalities. The European Reference Network of Rare Neurological Disorders funded by the European Commission conducted a systematic review to assess drug treatment of chorea in NKX2‐1‐RD, aiming to provide clinical recommendations for its management.MethodsA systematic pairwise review using various databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and PsycInfo, was conducted. The review included patients diagnosed with chorea and NKX2‐1‐RD genetic diagnosis, drug therapy as intervention, no comparator, and outcomes of chorea improvement and adverse events. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed, and the study protocol was registered in PROSPERO.ResultsOf the 1417 studies examined, 28 studies met the selection criteria, consisting of 68 patients. The studies reported 22 different treatments for chorea, including carbidopa/levodopa, tetrabenazine, clonazepam, methylphenidate, carbamazepine, topiramate, trihexyphenidyl, haloperidol, propranolol, risperidone, and valproate. No clinical improvements were observed with carbidopa/levodopa, tetrabenazine, or clonazepam, and various adverse effects were reported. However, most patients treated with methylphenidate experienced improvements in chorea and reported only a few negative effects. The quality of evidence was determined to be low.ConclusionsThe management of chorea in individuals with NKX2‐1‐RD presents significant heterogeneity and lack of clarity. While the available evidence suggests that methylphenidate may be effective in improving chorea symptoms, the findings should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of the studies reviewed. Nonetheless, more rigorous and comprehensive studies are necessary to provide sufficient evidence for clinical recommendations.
Deep reinforcement learning‐based precise prediction model for Smart M‐Health system
Authors: Jagannath Duraiswamy Jothinath , Dolly Raveena Judie , Dinesh Peter James 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe use of Android mobile phones and other wireless technology in the field of healthcare infers to mHealth (mobile health). Modern Science and technological developments have paved way for better and more sophisticated solutions towards Smart mHealth systems and preventive Smart Healthcare services for disease—treatment, surveillance, management of chronic disease and tracking epidemic outbreaks. Thus, the mHealth data can be collected from various end users, deposited in repository, perform analysis and suitable Smart Healthcare services can be made accessible to end users, anytime, anywhere, over the internet. This can be achieved by incorporating the methodologies of advanced Soft Computing methodologies, data communication, cloud storage and cloud computing, big data analysis, artificial intelligence, computer communication/networking and other engineering techniques. However, the analysis of such huge volumes of data and to provide precise Smart Healthcare services is a million‐dollar question. This research article exposes a Deep Reinforcement Learning model for precisely predicting the disease and offer precise Smart m‐Healthcare services to the end users. This research provides an intensive experimental analysis and investigation using synthetic health parameters that were simulated using various mHealth sensors. The dataset includes 15 varieties of mHealth metrics with a total dataset size of 285.
The future of parenting plan evaluations: A view from the trenches
Authors: McNamara Kathleen , Lund Mary 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs expectations rise for parenting plan evaluators to be well‐trained, skilled, and knowledgeable in numerous subject areas, and scrutiny of evaluators' work intensifies, the pool of qualified evaluators is shrinking nationwide. The future of parenting plan evaluation as a forensic subspecialty relies upon the availability of competent and committed professionals to do this challenging work, yet few are entering the field. Five experienced parenting plan evaluators from various regions of the United States, including the authors, met for a roundtable discussion to ponder the future of parenting plan evaluations. The panel discussed what drew them to the work, their experiences “in the trenches,” and what has kept them committed to doing evaluations despite daunting challenges. Their views of the rewards and risks of doing the work, barriers and disincentives to newcomers entering the field, recommendations to new evaluators, and outlook for the future are presented.
Judicial decision‐making in family court involving children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Lahaie Emilie , Poitras Karine , Birnbaum Rachel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children and adolescents has increased over the past decade. Consequently, the courts and experts are more likely to be exposed to these children whose needs are highly heterogeneous. The present study aims to document judicial decision‐making about children with autism spectrum as well as the parenting recommendations made by experts involved in these cases. There were 104 court decisions reviewed in Quebec over the past ten years. The results show that 85.6% of the decisions included a child custody assessment and that judges are more likely to order primary care to mother (56%). However, shared parenting (27%) and primary care to the father (17%) were also ordered in disputes involving an autistic child. Bivariate analyses revealed that challenges with parental monitoring and supervision were associated with court‐ordered parenting arrangements. The present study revealed that a child custody assessment as well as father custody are more often observed than in the general population. This study highlights the need for further research to shed light on the best interests of children with ASD following the separation of their parents.
Shoot nitrogen concentrations required for optimal herbage growth of multiple perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars relative to modern summer‐active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars
Authors: Langworthy Adam D. , Corkrey Ross , Rawnsley Richard P. , Hills James L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOne possible approach for improving the nitrogen (N)‐use efficiency of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) pastures and reducing environmental N losses is to select cultivars or incorporate alternative pasture species with lower shoot N concentrations. Viability of this strategy depends on herbage production not being unduly compromised. A pot experiment compared the shoot N concentration requirements of a diverse range of perennial ryegrass cultivars to achieve 90% and 99% of the herbage yield maxima achievable within a 20 day regrowth cycle. This research was undertaken to quantify if and what effect Australasian breeding programs have had on the N nutrition of perennial ryegrass. Our experiment found minimal genetic variation in the shoot N concentration requirements for vegetative perennial ryegrass swards to achieve near‐maximum herbage yields of living biomass. Across evaluated cultivars, swards achieving 90% and 99% of herbage yield maxima required minimum shoot N concentrations (on a dry matter basis) of 2.56% and 2.87%, respectively. Our experiment also evaluated the shoot N concentration requirements of modern summer‐active cocksfoot (syn. orchardgrass; Dactylis glomerata L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) ecotypes. We found their shoot N concentration requirements to achieve optimal herbage growth to be similar to those of perennial ryegrass. Taken together, our results suggest that within the perennial ryegrass genome, and among similar high yielding temperate perennial grasses, there may be limited scope for selecting plants with lower shoot N concentration requirements.
δ238U of Coal Reference Materials Determined by MC‐ICP‐MS
Authors: Sheng Jiaru , Li Siqi , Owens Jeremy D. , Wang Xiangli , Wei Yong , Ming Guodong , Huang Fang 
Published: September 2023

Uranium (U) associated with coal can be an important source of U and result in environmental pollution during coal combustion. In this study, we developed a method for measurement of U isotope ratios in coals using multiple‐collector inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry. The 233U‐236U double‐spike was utilised to calibrate the instrumental isotopic fractionation. High‐pressure bomb and dry ashing were adopted to digest the coal samples. The δ238UCRM‐145 values obtained from the two different digestion procedures were in good agreement. The δ238UCRM‐145 of seven coal and one fly ash reference materials are reported. Furthermore, the results of fly ash, bottom ash and feed coal samples reveal that the combustion processes lead to relatively small U isotopic fractionation between the samples within the same coal‐fired power plant, indicating that U isotope data can be used as a tracer for heavy metal pollution resulting from coal combustion. The U isotope measurement method of coal established in this study provides technical support to understand the behaviour of U during coal formation and combustion.