bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospects and pitfalls of an intrusive model for the Châtelperronian stone tool industry during the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in France and northern Spain
Authors: Djakovic Igor , Roussel Morgan , Soressi Marie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in France and northern Spain reflects the transition from Neandertals toHomo sapiensand the emergence of novel cultural entities and standardised laminar technologies between ~50 and 40 thousand years ago. The Châtelperronian stone tool industry sits at the centre of this period, and is commonly considered as representing a geographically isolated archaeological entity produced by late Neandertals. However, debate as to the makers and origin of this industry has long persisted. Fuel has recently been thrown onto this discussion through the formulation of a hypothesis in which the Châtelperronian directly originates from the Northern Early Ahmarian industry of the Levant. This model proposes that the Châtelperronian is in fact indicative of a direct migration of a population ofHomo sapiensfrom the Levant to France around 44-40 thousand years ago – potentially via the crossing (or series of crossings) of the Mediterranean Sea. Such a scenario would have significant implications for how we interpret this key portion of recent human evolutionary history. In this paper, we highlight some of the prospects and pitfalls of an intrusive origin model for the emergence of the Châtelperronian industry in western Europe - taking into account technological, chronological, geographic, and stratigraphic perspectives. To frame this discussion, we review the state of understanding on the Châtelperronian and provide a detailed, synthetic review of Châtelperronian lithic technology. Our review reinforces the distinctive and fully ‘Upper Palaeolithic’ character of this industry, and we subsequently suggest a few avenues of research which, in our opinion, may help shed progressively clearer light on the demographic and cultural processes operating during the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in western Europe.
Human fallopian tube single-cell analysis reveals monocytic transcriptional and interaction changes in high-grade serous ovarian cancers
Authors: Brand Joshua , Haro Marcela , Lin Xianzhi , McGregor Stephanie M. , Lawrenson Kate , Dinh Huy Q. 
Published: July 2023

SummaryTumorigenesis for most high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSCs) likely initiates from fallopian tube (FT) epithelia. While epithelial subtypes have been characterized using single-cell RNA- sequencing (scRNA-Seq), heterogeneity of other cellular compartments and their involvement in tumor progression are poorly defined. Integrated analysis of human FT scRNA-Seq data and other relevant tissues, including HGSC tumors, revealed greater transcriptional diversity of immune and stromal cells. We identify an unprecedented abundance of monocytes in human FT myeloid cells across two independent donor cohorts. The ratio of macrophages to monocytes are relatively similar between benign FTs, ovaries, and adjacent normal tissues, but is significantly greater in tumor. FT-defined monocyte and macrophage signatures, cell-cell communication, and gene set enrichment analysis identified monocyte- and macrophage-specific ligand-receptor interactions and functional pathways in tumors and adjacent normal tissue. Further reanalysis of tumor scRNA-Seq from HGSC patients suggested different monocyte and macrophage subsets associated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment. Taken together, our work provides evidence that an altered FT immune composition could inform early detection markers in HGSCs.
Precipitation seasonality and soil texture interact to shape dryland recovery from severe disturbance
Authors: Terry Tyson J. , Adler Peter B. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTDisturbances drive large changes in plant composition and ecosystem functioning in drylands, but current understanding of how recovery following disturbance depends on the environment is limited due to challenges in analyzing effects of disparate disturbances across abiotic gradients. Here we combine remote sensing and field observations across 5600+ km of natural gas pipeline corridors and adjacent undisturbed vegetation to investigate how recovery from a uniform, severe disturbance varies with factors that influence water availability in drylands. We found that NPP recovery often remains incomplete (42% of sites), except in cold precipitation regimes with low precipitation, and recovery of total shrub cover (median timing of 81 years) was faster on fine-textured soils. Locations with quick recovery of shrub cover were linked with a shift in dominant shrub species and incomplete NPP recovery. Our results indicate that drylands with high productivity or shrub cover are most vulnerable to severe disturbance.
Contribution of amino acids in the Active site of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 to the catalytic action of the enzyme
Authors: Gnoth Kathrin , Bär Joachim Wolfgang , Rosche Fred , Rahfeld Jens-Ulrich , Demuth Hans-Ulrich 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DP4)/CD26 regulates the biological function of various peptide hormones by releasing dipeptides from their N-terminus. The enzyme is a prominent target for the treatment of type-2 diabetes and various DP4 inhibitors have been developed in recent years, but their efficacy and side effects are still an issue. Many available crystal structures of the enzyme give a static picture about enzyme-ligand interactions, but the influence of amino acids in the active centre on binding and single catalysis steps can only be judged by mutagenesis studies.In order to elucidate their contribution to inhibitor binding and substrate catalysis, especially in discriminating the P1amino acid of substrates, the amino acids R125, N710, E205 and E206 were investigated by mutagenesis studies.Our studies demonstrated, that N710 is essential for the catalysis of dipeptide substrates. We found that R125 is not important for dipeptide binding but interacts in the P1’position of the peptide backbone. In contrast to dipeptide substrates both amino acids play an essential role in the binding and arrangement of long natural substrates, particularly if lacking proline in the P1position. Thus, it can be assumed that the amino acids R125 and N710 are important in the DP4 catalysed substrate hydrolysis by interacting with the peptide backbone of substrates up- and downstream of the cleavage site.Furthermore, we confirmed the important role of the amino acids E205 and E206. However, NP Y, displaying proline in P1position, is still processed without the participation of E205 or E206.
Synergizing Geometric Deep Learning and Data-Centric Methods for Improved Protein Structural Alignment
Authors: Rademaker Daniel T. , van Dijk Jarek M. , Parizi Farzaneh M. , Xue Li C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMotivationStructures are replacing the role of sequences. Traditional bioinformatics research focused on sequences because they were easily obtained. Advances in techniques like cryo-electron microscopy, molecular modeling, docking algorithms, and structure prediction software have shifted the focus to structures. Given the importance of deep learning in many of these breakthroughs, it makes sense to also explore how it can modernize classic bioinformatics tools. However, empirical findings have shown that machine learning based methods have many pitfalls resulting in overoptimistic conclusions, including data leakage between test and training data. Thus, there is a need for new innovations to make neural networks more intelligible.ResultsWe have developed vanGOGH, a geometric deep learning-based structural alignment approach that performs on par with the state-of-the-art without ever having been trained on a pair of naturally found homologs. We adopted a data-centric approach to address deep learning and data limitations by augmenting protein templates into synthetic homologs for training.Our method allowed us to supplement homolog data by knowledge-driven augmentation, self-learning of relevant structural features by supervised examples and protein alignment that is competitive with state-of-the art methods.AvailabilityGNN framework:https://github.com/DeepRank/deeprank-core/tree/main/deeprankcoreContactLi.Xue@radboudumc.nl
Impact of High Fat Diet and Sex in a Rabbit Model of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Kuroiwa Tomoyuki , Lui Hayman , Nakagawa Koichi , Iida Naoya , Desrochers Claire , Wan Rou , Adam Elameen , Larson Dirk , Amadio Peter , Gingery Anne 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCarpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common musculoskeletal disorder, characterized by fibrosis of the subsynovial connective tissue (SSCT) mediated by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Risk factors for CTS include metabolic dysfunction and age. Additionally, the incidence of CTS is higher in women. In this study we hypothesized that a high-fat diet (HFD), a common driver of metabolic dysfunction, would promote SSCT fibrosis found in CTS and that this response would be sex dependent. To test this, we examined the effects of HFD and sex on SSCT fibrosis using our established rabbit model of CTS. Forty-eight (24 male, 24 female) adult rabbits were divided into four groups including HFD or standard diet with and without CTS induction. SSCT was collected for histological and gene expression analysis. HFD promoted SSCT thickening and upregulated profibrotic genes, including TGF-β. Fibrotic genes were differentially expressed in males and females. Interestingly while the prevalence of CTS is greater in women than in men, the converse is observed in the presence of metabolic dysfunction. This work recapitulates this clinical observation and begins to elucidate the sex-based differences found in SSCT fibrosis. This knowledge should drive further research and may lead to metabolic and sex specific therapeutic strategies for the treatment of patients with CTS.
The D1 receptor agonist SKF38393 improves waiting impulsivity in a baseline dependent manner
Authors: Abdulkader Sara , Gigg John 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRationaleStimulants are the first-line treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the ensuing risk of abuse with stimulants means there is an urgent need for new, low-risk therapeutic agents. D1 receptors play an important role in the cognitive enhancing effects of stimulants and thus may provide a therapeutic target. Previous pre-clinical studies have shown that selective activation of D1 receptors improves sustained attention in the 5C-CPT without improving waiting impulsivity (premature response).ObjectiveThe aim of the present experiment was to compare the effects of the selective D1 receptor agonist SKF 38393 to a standard ADHD treatment (amphetamine) on waiting impulsivity in the 5C-CPT under extended inter-trial intervals. Oldham’s method was used to determine the presence of a rate-dependent effect.MethodsAdult female Lister hooded rats were trained to criterion in the 5C-CPT (>70% accuracy, < 30% omission and < 40% false alarms). Effects of the selective D1 receptor agonist SKF 38393 (2-6 mg/kg) or amphetamine (0.1-0.4 mg/kg) were investigated under behavioural manipulations to challenge inhibitory response control.ResultsThe highest dose of SKF 38393 and the two highest doses of amphetamine improved waiting impulsivity in a baseline dependent manner. The clockwise movement of the regression line indicates that, as the dose increases, the magnitude of improvement increases in a manner consistent with baseline performance.ConclusionsThese findings support further clinical investigation of D1 receptor modulators to facilitate the discovery of improved medications for impulsive behaviour related disorders such as ADHD. The concept of rate dependency applies to effects of SKF 38393 or amphetamine on waiting impulsivity. Oldham’s correlation method may present an opportunity to enhance the translational value of research in the preclinical laboratory to the clinic.
Integrating ecosystem and contaminant models to predict the effects of ecosystem fluxes on contaminant dynamics
Authors: McLeod Anne M. , Leroux Shawn J. , Rizzuto Matteo , Leibold Mathew A. , Schiesari Luis 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTPollution is one of the major drivers of ecosystem change in the Anthropocene. Toxic chemicals are not constrained to their source of origin as they cross ecosystem boundaries via biotic (e.g., animal migration) and abiotic (e.g., water flow) vectors. Meta-ecology has led to important insights on how spatial flows or subsidies of matter across ecosystem boundaries can have broad impacts on local and regional ecosystem dynamics but has not yet addressed the dynamics of pollutants. Understanding how these meta-ecosystem processes on contaminant dynamics may reverberate up a food chain is important even if they might be difficult to predict. Here we derive a modelling framework to predict how spatial ecosystem fluxes can influence contaminant dynamics and how the severity of this impact is dependent on the type of ecosystem flux leading to the spatial coupling (e.g., herbivore movement vs abiotic chemical flows). We mix an analytical and numerical approach to analyze our integrative model which couples two distinct sub-components – an ecosystem model and a contaminant model. We observe an array of dynamics for how chemical concentrations change with increasing nutrient input and loss rate across trophic levels. When we tailor our range of chemical parameter values to specific organic chemicals our results demonstrate that increasing nutrient input rates can lead to trophic dilution in pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls across trophic levels. Yet, increasing nutrient loss rate causes an increase in concentrations of chemicals across all trophic levels. A sensitivity analysis demonstrates that nutrient recycling is an important ecosystem process impacting contaminant concentrations, generating predictions to be addressed by future empirical studies. Importantly, our model demonstrates the utility of our framework for identifying drivers of contaminant dynamics in connected ecosystems including the importance that a) ecosystem processes, and b) movement, especially movement of lower trophic levels, have on contaminant concentrations. For example, how increasing nutrient loss rate leads to increasing contaminant concentrations, or how movement of lower trophic levels contributes to elevated herbivore contaminant concentrations. This dynamic is particularly relevant given that the flow of matter between ecosystems also serves as a vector for the transport of contaminants.
A novel polycistronic method tailored for engineering split GECIs
Authors: Olszakier Shunit , Hussein Wessal , Heinrich Ronit , Andreyanov Michael , Otor Yara , Schiller Jackie , Kellner Shai , Berlin Shai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe assessed the feasibility of using stop-codons as means to obtain polycistronic expression in eukaryotic cells. We show robust bicistronic expression of different open reading frames (ORFs), when these are cloned in-sequence and simply separated by stop codons (in-or out-of-frame), in heterologous expression systems and primary neurons. We further find this method to support polycistronic expression of three stop-codon-separated ORFsin vivo, which guided us to develop a technicolor Genetically-Encoded Functional Rainbow Indicators (GEFRIs) for monitoring cellular morphology and neuronal firing, concomitantly. These findings guided us to develop a new technique we denoteSPLIT—Stop-codon mediatedPolycistronicInduction in HeTerologous expression systems— for rapid and easy development of fragmented proteins by the sole use of stop codons. We validated theSPLITmethod by generating several new split-GFP variants, then engineer a palette of functional split-GCaMP6s variants and, lastly, generate a split ca2+-probe localized at ER and mitochondria junctions, denoted split-MEGIC. With the use of the probe, we show presence and activity of mito-ER contact sites within individual dendritic spines. Split-MEGIC can thereby be imaged by two-photon excitationin vivoin mice brains and, by standard confocal microscope in transgenic zebrafish larvae. Together, we explore non-canonical translation mechanisms and show these to be highly pervasive in various cell typesin vitroandin vivo. We harness translation re-initiation to express multiple ORFs, to engineer rainbow indicators and to swiftly produce functional split-proteins and probes.
Mothers' job crafting and work-to-family enrichment: a self-concept perspective
Authors: Li Chunxiao , Fan Yun , Zhang Yue 
Published: July 2023

PurposeBased on the self-concept perspective, the purpose of this paper is to explore the process of working mothers who conduct job crafting to build new role identities and self-efficacy, which ultimately affects work-to-family enrichment. The paper further explores the moderating role of inclusive leadership.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected data at two time points. The sample for the study consisted of 216 professional working mothers in China who returned to work after the birth of their first child.FindingsResults show that working mothers' job crafting had a positive effect on work-to-family enrichment. In addition, working mothers' role identity and role self-efficacy played mediating roles between the links. Finally, inclusive leadership moderates the indirect effect of task crafting and relational crafting on work-to-family enrichment through role identity and role self-efficacy. The positive indirect relationships are stronger in high levels of inclusive leadership.Practical implicationsThe employers should provide opportunities, support, and freedom for working mothers to craft their jobs according to their individual demands for better self and home outcomes.Originality/valueThis study focuses on the job crafting of working mothers. The authors extend the consequences of job crafting to the nonwork domain. In addition, this study uncovers the influence of job crafting from the perspective of self-concept (i.e. role identity and role self-efficacy). Furthermore, the authors demonstrate the moderating role played by inclusive leadership in this process.
Effects of e-learning technologies on university librarians and libraries: a systematic literature review
Authors: Shahzad Khurram , Khan Shakeel Ahmad 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of emerging technologies in e-learning on university librarians and libraries. The study also intended to identify emerging technologies in e-learning and challenges being faced to implement e-learning technologies.

Design/methodology/approach
The preferred reporting items for the systematic review and meta-analysis method was applied as the research methodology for conducting the study. A total of 25 core studies published in peer-reviewed journals were selected to conduct a systematic literature review. The data were analysed through a thematic approach.

Findings
The results of the study revealed that e-learning technologies assist library professionals to strengthen their expertise and support them in initiating smart library services to deliver customer-focused services. A shortage of skilled manpower, the unavailability of adequate IT infrastructure, a lack of technical support, copyright issues, poor planning and ineffective library leadership are major challenges to implementing emerging technologies in e-learning.

Originality/value
The study offers theoretical implications by adding valuable literature to the existing body of knowledge. It has a societal impact as it has offered recommendations and practical solutions for the successful adoption of emerging technologies in e-learning. The study also offers managerial implications to develop fruitful policies for implementing e-learning technologies for the innovative sustainable competence development of library manpower and implementation of smart library services.
Persistence and volatility spillovers of Bitcoin to other leading cryptocurrencies: a BEKK-GARCH analysis
Authors: Sinlapates Parichat , Chancharat Surachai 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the effects of volatility transmission among Bitcoin and other leading cryptocurrencies, namely, Binance USD, BNB, Cardano, Dogecoin, Ethereum, Polkadot, Polygon, Solana, Tether, USD Coin and XRP.

Design/methodology/approach
The multivariate BEKK-GARCH model is used with the daily data set from 1 January 2017 to 31 March 2023. The data set is analysed in its entirety and is also the COVID-19 epidemic period.

Findings
The study reveals that while the volatility of cryptocurrency prices is influenced by their own historical shocks and volatility, there is proof of the effects shock transmission among Bitcoin and other notable cryptocurrencies. Furthermore, the authors identify the spillover effects of volatility among all 11 pairs and provide evidence that conditional correlations with varying time constants are present, and predominantly positive for both the entire and COVID-19 outbreak periods.

Practical implications
The findings will be helpful to market experts who want to avoid losses in traditional assets. To develop the best risk management and hedging strategies, businesses might use the information to build asset portfolios or personalise payment methods. The use of such data by investors and portfolio managers could aid in the development of investment opportunities, risk insurance plans or hedging strategies for the management of financial portfolios.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the use of the BEKK-GARCH model for examining the effects of volatility spillover among Bitcoin and the other eleven top cryptocurrencies has not been previously documented.
Validation of happiness at workplace scale in India – an empirical study on EdTech employees
Authors: Goel Preeti , Singh Animesh 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze the properties of Happiness at Workplace (HAW) scale and investigate the validity of the scale in the Indian context using a sample of EdTech employees (knowledge-intensive population). This is consistent with encouraging the happiness literature as well as facilitating positive approaches at the working place in developing economies.

Design/methodology/approach
Responses were collected via Questionnaire from the employees of EdTech Companies, and a total of 500 responses were investigated. The factor structures, reliability and validity of the HAW scale were tested with the help of SPSS and Smart PLS Software Version 4.0.8.7.

Findings
The findings of this study showed that all the criteria of reliability and validity for validation of HAW scale were met when used in Indian culture, and the higher-order construct of HAW scale was retained.

Originality/value
Because of the differences in work cultures and societal structures among nations, the validation of HAW scale in the Indian context is needed, as the majority of the studies in the field of happiness were conducted in Western countries. So this study contributes significantly by validating the HAW scale in India by using a sample of EdTech employees.