bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural variation in the prolyl 4-hydroxylase gene PtoP4H9 contributes to perennial stem growth in Populus
Authors: Xiao Liang , Fang Yuanyuan , Zhang He , Quan Mingyang , Zhou Jiaxuan , Li Peng , Wang Dan , Ji Li , Ingvarsson Pär K , Wu Harry X , El-Kassaby Yousry A , Du Qingzhang , Zhang Deqiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Perennial trees must maintain stem growth throughout their entire lifespan to progressively increase in size as they age. The overarching question of the molecular mechanisms that govern stem perennial growth in trees remains largely unanswered. Here we deciphered the genetic architecture that underlies perennial growth trajectories using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for measures of growth traits across years in a natural population of Populus tomentosa. By analyzing the stem growth trajectory, we identified PtoP4H9, encoding prolyl 4-hydroxylase 9, which is responsible for the natural variation in the growth rate of diameter at breast height (DBH) across years. Quantifying the dynamic genetic contribution of PtoP4H9 loci to stem growth showed that PtoP4H9 played a pivotal role in stem growth regulation. Spatiotemporal expression analysis showed that PtoP4H9 was highly expressed in cambium tissues of poplars of various ages. Overexpression and knockdown of PtoP4H9 revealed that it altered cell expansion to regulate cell wall modification and mechanical characteristics, thereby promoting stem growth in Populus. We showed that natural variation in PtoP4H9 occurred in a BASIC PENTACYSTEINE transcription factor PtoBPC1-binding promoter element controlling PtoP4H9 expression. The geographic distribution of PtoP4H9 allelic variation was consistent with the modes of selection among populations. Altogether, our study provides important genetic insights into dynamic stem growth in Populus, and we confirmed PtoP4H9 as a potential useful marker for breeding or genetic engineering of poplars.
Diversification, integration, and opening: developments in modelling for policy
Authors: Bauer Anja , Capari Leo , Fuchs Daniela , Udrea Titus 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Closely-associated with calls for evidence-based policy-making, computer models are increasingly used to support public policies on a wide range of complex and controversial issues, ranging from energy and trade policies to regulating chemicals. In this article, we discuss three trends in modelling for policy and their implications for the authority of models in policy-making. First, we observe the proliferation of models and the differentiation of respective modelling landscapes and communities, resulting in intensified competition for political authority and early path dependencies in their political use. Second, different models are increasingly coupled or integrated into complex model frameworks, raising questions of comprehensibility and accountability. Third, modelling for policy experiences calls for transparency and opening that should serve scientific demands of replicability and verifications as well as political demands of legitimacy. In conclusion, we emphasise the continuous relevance of social scientific analyses of modelling for policy.
Genome Sequence Resource for Paramyrothecium foliicola, an Important Pathogenic Fungus Threatening Crop Production
Authors: Huo Jianfei , Ben Haiyan , Yao Yurong , Yang Lijuan , Ren Wenlai , Yang Xiurong , Wang Wanli , Hao Yongjuan 
Published: July 2023

Paramyrothecium foliicola is a species of ascomycete in the family Stachybotryaceae. In recent years, it has been reported as a threat to crop production in different countries. Because of its wide host range and high virulence, this pathogen may present as a major global concern in the near future. Despite its importance, there is no sufficient genomic information for P. foliicola. Our work introduces the initial PacBio-Illumina hybrid draft genome for TJWQPF1, the P. foliicola strain, together with the related annotations. This genome was assembled into 18 contigs, with the largest contig size of 8,042,417 bp. Genome annotation identified 13,330 protein-coding genes. The draft genome data will aid in understanding the pathogenic mechanism of P. foliicola, which is a valuable resource to explore the genetic diversity, pathogenicity, and evolution of this important pathogen. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Detour or New Direction: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Professional Identity Formation of Postgraduate Residents
Authors: Cupido Nathan , Diamond Laura , Kulasegaram Kulamakan , Martimianakis Maria Athina , Forte Milena 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in numerous disruptions to health professions education training programs. Much attention has been given to the impact of these disruptions on formal learning opportunities in training; however, little attention has been given to the impact on professional socialization and professional identity formation. This study explored the impact of the pandemic and resultant curricular changes on the professional identity of family medicine residents.

Method
23 family medicine residents at the University of Toronto were interviewed between September 2020 and September 2022. Using symbolic interactionism as a theoretical framework, thematic analysis explored the meanings residents attributed to both experiences that were disrupted due to the pandemic, and new experiences that resulted from these disruptions.

Results
Participant responses reflected that disruptions in training did not always align with their expectations for family medicine and plans for future practice; however, these new experiences also reinforced their understanding of what it means to be a family physician. While participants felt the pandemic represented a loss of agency and negatively impacted relationships in their training program, it also provided a sense of belonging and membership in their profession. Finally, these new experiences continually blurred the line between professional and personal identities through the impact of the pandemic on participants’ sense of well-being and safety.

Conclusions
The impact of the pandemic on training experiences extends beyond the loss of formal learning opportunities. Participant responses reflect the collective influence of the formal, informal, and hidden curriculum on the professional socialization and professional identity formation of residents—and how these different curricular influences were disrupted due to the pandemic. These training experiences have important implications for the future practice of residents who completed their training during the pandemic and highlight the role of training programs in supporting the professional identity formation of residents.
Expanding the Histologic Spectrum of Sudden Conjunctivitis, Lymphopenia, and Rash Combined With Hemodynamic Changes
Authors: Ticknor Iesha L. , Lee Michael P. , Kearns Donovan , Ibraheim Marina K. , Kraus Christina , Elsensohn Ashley 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Sudden conjunctivitis, lymphopenia, and rash combined with hemodynamic changes (SCoRCH) is a recently described hypersensitivity reaction to trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole. To date, only 1 case of histologic findings in SCoRCH has been reported, revealing a superficial perivascular dermatitis. In this article, we present a 53-year-old woman with a four-day history of a widespread, confluent, erythematous, and dusky rash after exposure to trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole. Histologic examination revealed a vacuolar interface dermatitis with several apoptotic keratinocytes at multiple levels of the epidermis, similar to an erythema multiforme-like presentation. As described in SCoRCH, our patient's clinical findings rapidly improved within 48 hours of presentation without treatment. This case adds to the current literature by identifying a newly described histopathological presentation of SCoRCH.
Outcomes of 60-Degree Nasal Goniotomy for Open Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Espaillat Alejandro 
Published: July 2023

Précis:
Sixty-degree nasal sectoral juxtacanalicular space goniotomy with the single-use Espaillat juxtacanalicular space slider device significantly reduced intraocular pressure and the number of required glaucoma hypotensive medications, with sustained reductions over 24 months.

Purpose:
This study analyzed the safety and efficacy of the Espaillat juxtacanalicular space slider during minimally invasive 60-degree nasal sectoral goniotomy for mild-to-moderate open angle glaucoma (OAG).

Patients and Methods:
This prospective, observational case series performed at a private clinical practice and outpatient surgery center assessed the eyes of patients with mild-to-moderate OAG who underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery with 60-degree nasal sectoral goniotomy using the Espaillat juxtacanalicular space slider. The same surgeon performed all procedures. Intraocular pressure, intraocular pressure-lowering drugs, and adverse effects were assessed over 24 months, and a regression analysis of intraocular pressure reduction was performed. Success was defined as (1) A reduction in the intraocular pressure of at least 20% for at least 12 months, compared with the baseline value, and (2) a decrease in the number of medications by at least one for at least 12 months.

Results:
Among 38 eyes, 27 (72%) had moderate glaucoma, and 11 (28%) had mild glaucoma. Postoperatively, intraocular pressure was decreased by 38% at 12 months (mean 13.7±1.7 mmHg), 35% at 18 months (mean 14.4±1.8 mmHg), and 31% at 24 months (mean 15.2±1.9 mmHg). In addition, the number of topical glaucoma medications used decreased from a mean of 1.6 to 0.4 (P<0.001). The main adverse event was temporary focal corneal edema (29 patients; 76%).

Conclusions:
Using the Espaillat juxtacanalicular space slider during invasive 60-degree nasal sectoral goniotomy for OAG yielded a significant and sustained reduction in intraocular pressure and reduced the need for glaucoma medications with minimal adverse events.
Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Surgical Volumes Among Fellowship-Trained Glaucoma Subspecialists
Authors: Hussain Zain S. , Andoh Joana E. , Loya Asad , Yousefi Siamak , Boland Michael V. 
Published: July 2023

Précis:
The change in glaucoma surgical volumes due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic was not uniform across procedure types and was unequal between rural and urban practice locations.

Purpose:
To quantify the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on surgical volumes performed by fellowship-trained glaucoma subspecialists.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective cohort analysis of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Medicare Public Use File extracted all glaucoma surgeries, including microinvasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGSs), trabeculectomy, goniotomy, lasers, and cataract surgery, performed by fellowship-trained glaucoma surgeons in rural and urban areas between 2016 and 2020. Predicted estimates of 2020 surgical volumes were created utilizing linear squares regression. Percentage change between predicted and observed 2020 surgical volume estimates was analyzed. Statistical significance was achieved at P <0.05.

Results:
In 2020, fellowship-trained glaucoma surgeons operated mostly in urban areas (N = 810, 95%). A 29% and 31% decrease in predicted cataract surgery volumes in urban and rural areas, respectively, was observed. Glaucoma surgeries experienced a 36% decrease from predicted estimates (N = 56,781). MIGS experienced an 86% and 75% decrease in rural and urban areas, respectively. Trabeculectomy in rural areas experienced a 16% increase relative to predicted estimates while urban areas experienced a decrease of 3% (P > 0.05). The number of goniotomies decreased by 10% more in rural areas than in urban areas (−22% and −12%, respectively). Laser procedures decreased by 8% more in urban areas than in rural areas (−18% and −10%, respectively).

Conclusions:
Among glaucoma-trained surgeons, glaucoma surgeries experienced a greater volume loss than cataract surgeries. In urban US areas, relative reductions in MIGS and goniotomy volumes in urban areas may have been compensated by greater laser and trabeculectomy volumes. Trabeculectomies in rural areas were the only group exceeding predicted estimates. Glaucoma subspecialists may utilize these findings when planning for future events and in overcoming any remaining unmet need in terms of glaucoma care.
Ocular Surface Changes in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients Treated With Topical Antihypertensive Drugs
Authors: Castro Catarina , Marta Ana , Marques João H. , Ferreira André , José Diana , Sousa Paulo , Neves Isabel , Menéres Maria João , Barbosa Irene 
Published: July 2023

Précis:
In this study, patients with glaucoma undergoing topical antihypertensive (TAH) drugs had changes in the ocular surface and more dry eye symptoms than controls. Clinicians should recognize the influence of TAH drops on exacerbating ocular surface disease.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ocular surface of eyes with glaucoma treated with TAH drugs.

Methods:
Cross-sectional study that included eyes undergoing TAH drugs due to primary open angle glaucoma and controls. The parameters evaluated were: the basal tear flow (basic secretion test); the tear film osmolarity (TearLab); and the noninvasive break-up time, blink score, lipid layer thickness, tear meniscus height, and loss area of the meibomian glands, measured with the IDRA Ocular Surface Analyser. Presence of symptoms [Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)], dry eye disease (DED, TFOS DEWS II criteria), and corneal fluorescein staining were assessed.

Results:
We included 154 eyes (154 patients), 77 undergoing TAH drugs for glaucoma (group 1) and 77 of controls (group 2). The tear film osmolarity (P=0.003) and the loss area of the meibomian glands (P=0.004) were higher in group 1. The noninvasive break-up time (P=0.005), lipid layer thickness (P=0.006), and tear meniscus height (P=0.001) were lower in group 1. The global OSDI score (P<0.001), the proportion of eyes with severe disease (P=0.002), according to the OSDI, and with DED (P<0.001), according to the TFOS DEWS II criteria, were higher in group 1. The proportion of patients with corneal fluorescein staining was higher in group 1 (P<0.001). There were no significant differences in eyes taking TAH drugs with and without preservatives (P>0.127).

Conclusions:
DED, in patients with glaucoma, is a multifactorial disease, with a strong contribution from TAH drugs. These eyes had changes in almost every measured parameter, translating into the presence of more dry eye symptoms and corneal damage when compared with controls.
Changes in Anterior Segment Parameters After Laser Peripheral Iridotomy in Caucasian Eyes With Different Primary Angle Closure Mechanisms
Authors: Tun Tin A. , Sawicki Andrzej , Wilkos-Kuc Agnieszka , Aung Tin , Zarnowski Tomasz 
Published: July 2023

Précis:
Subgrouping of angle closure mechanisms based on the swept-source optical coherence tomography images may help to identify the predominant underlying anatomic mechanism, evaluate personal treatment, and improve the better outcomes.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in anterior segment parameters in Caucasian eyes with different angle closure mechanisms before and after laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI).

Methods:
Sixty-six subjects underwent swept-source optical coherence tomography (CASIA, Tomey Corporation) angle imaging in the dark before and 7 days after LPI. On the basis of the baseline swept-source optical coherence tomography images, the eyes were categorized into 4 angle closure mechanisms, namely pupillary block (PB), plateau iris configuration (PIC), thick peripheral iris (TPI), and large lens vault (LLV). Sixteen out of 128 cross-sectional images (11.25 degrees apart) per volume scan were selected for analysis. We used a generalized estimating equation to compare quantitative parameters among angle closure mechanisms and between before and after LPI after adjusting the intereye correlation.

Results:
The mean age of subjects was 67.7±9.2 years, with the majority being female (82.2%). One hundred twenty-nine eyes (67 primary angle closure suspects, 34 primary angle closure, and 28 primary angle closure glaucoma) were categorized into PB (n=71, 55%), PIC (n=40, 31%), TPI (n=14, 10.9%), and LLV (n=4, 3.1%). Anterior chamber depth was the shallowest in the LLV, followed by TPI, PB, and PIC group at baseline. Widening of the angle and reduction of the iris curvature (IC) due to LPI were observed in all groups (all P<0.01). When compared to the PB group, the LPI-induced angle widening in the TPI group was significantly less even though the iris curvature reduction in the TPI group was greater (all P<0.05).

Conclusions:
In patients with angle closure, anterior segment morphology and LPI-induced angle widening were different among the various angle closure mechanisms.
Infectious and Noninfectious Complications After Gluteal Augmentation Surgery
Authors: Kang Richard D. , Shah Heeya N. , Greene John N. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Public demand for gluteal autologous fat grafting, also known as a “Brazilian butt lift,” has increased over time, but these surgeries are not without risk of complications. Surgical infections range from 1.9% to 5% of the total complication rate for gluteal augmentation, including both superficial and deep infections. We present a case of Staphylococcus lugdunensis infection after gluteal autologous fat grafting and review the literature to discuss pertinent infectious and noninfectious complications of this procedure. Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a common cause of skin and soft tissue infections and is probably underrated by many doctors and laboratories. Hence, S lugdunensis should be accepted as a significant pathogen in skin and soft tissue infections and should be looked for in all routine bacteriological examinations, and clinicians should be able to be acquainted with the name and the pathology of the bacterium. With increasing popularity of fat grafting for buttock augmentation, it is more important than ever to continue researching and learning to safeguard the satisfaction and safety of our patients.
The use of commercial wrist-worn technology to track physiological outcomes in behavioral interventions
Authors: Artese Ashley L. , Rawat Rahul , Sung Anthony D. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose of review
The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the use of commercial wrist-worn mobile health devices to track and monitor physiological outcomes in behavioral interventions as well as discuss considerations for selecting the optimal device.

Recent findings
Wearable technology can enhance intervention design and implementation. The use of wrist-worn wearables provides the opportunity for tracking physiological outcomes, thus providing a unique approach for assessment and delivery of remote interventions. Recent findings support the utility, acceptability, and benefits of commercial wrist-worn wearables in interventions, and they can be used to continuously monitor outcomes, remotely administer assessments, track adherence, and personalize interventions. Wrist-worn devices show acceptable accuracy when measuring heart rate, blood pressure, step counts, and physical activity; however, accuracy is dependent on activity type, intensity, and device brand. These factors should be considered when designing behavioral interventions that utilize wearable technology.

Summary
With the continuous advancement in technology and frequent product upgrades, the capabilities of commercial wrist-worn devices will continue to expand, thus increasing their potential use in intervention research. Continued research is needed to examine and validate the most recent devices on the market to better inform intervention design and implementation.
The Prognostic Role of Serine Racemase in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Lan Chuan , Yamashita Yo-ichi , Tsukamoto Masayo , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Nakagawa Shigeki , Liu Zhao , Wu Xiyu , Imai Katsunori , Mima Kosuke , Kaida Takayoshi , Baba Hideo 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
Serine racemase (SRR) participates in serine metabolism in central nervous systems. Serine racemase is only studied in colorectal cancer, and its role in pancreatic cancer (PC) is unknown. This study aims to investigate the role of SRR in PC.

Methods
Totally 182 patients with PC were enrolled in this study. Slices from patients were stained for SRR and CD8+ T cells. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to do survival analysis according to SRR expression from immunohistochemical staining. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to clarify the independent prognostic value of SRR. Bioinformatic tools were used to explore and validate the expression, prognostic value, possible mechanism, and immune interaction of SRR in PC.

Results
The expression of SRR was lower in tumor tissue than normal tissue, also potentially decreased with the increasing tumor grade. Low SRR expression was an independent risk factor for overall survival (hazards ratio, 1.875; 95% confidence interval, 1.175–2.990; P = 0.008) in patients with PC. Serine racemase was positively correlated with CD8+ T cells infiltration and possibly associated with CCL14 and CXCL12 expression.

Conclusions
Serine racemase plays a prognostic role in PC and may be a potentially therapeutic target.
The Association Between Serum Riboflavin and Flavin Mononucleotide With Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Paragomi Pedram , Wang Renwei , Huang Joyce Y. , Midttun Øivind , Ulvik Arve , Ueland Per M. , Koh Woon-Puay , Yuan Jian-Min , Luu Hung N. 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) has a prime role in metabolic reactions imperative to cell cycle and proliferation. We investigated the associations between serum concentrations of riboflavin flavin mononucleotide with the risk of pancreatic cancer in a nested case-control study involving 58 cases and 104 matched controls.

Methods
The Singapore Chinese Health Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of 63,257 Chinese Singaporeans. Conditional logistic regression method was used to evaluate these associations with adjustment for potential confounders including the level of education, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, history of diabetes, serum cotinine and pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and total methyl donors (ie, the sum of serum choline, betaine, and methionine).

Results
The risk of pancreatic cancer increased with increasing level of serum riboflavin in a dose-dependent manner, especially in men (P
trend = 0.003). The odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) of pancreatic cancer for the second and third tertiles of serum riboflavin, compared with the lowest tertile, were 9.92 (1.65–59.77) and 25.59 (3.09–212.00), respectively. This positive association was stronger in individuals with a longer follow-up period (≥7 years).

Conclusions
The findings suggest a potential role of riboflavin in the development of pancreatic cancer, especially in men.