bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When theory meets praxis – enhancing heritage management through practice-led research at Great Zimbabwe World Heritage property
Authors: Thondhlana Thomas Panganayi , Mukwende Tawanda , Machiridza Lesley Hatipone , Musindo Tendai Treddah , Tevera Genius , Maduro Nyaradzayi 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to outline and reflect on the new research agenda for the Great Zimbabwe World Heritage property. This research agenda was jointly developed by academics and practitioners from Great Zimbabwe University (GZU) and the National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe (NMMZ) respectively. This Research-Practice Team was put together for the Heritage Place Lab (HPL), a pilot project of the ICCROM-IUCN World Heritage Leadership programme.Design/methodology/approachA series of steps were undertaken to come up with research priorities and a new research agenda that are presented in this paper. The HPL project involved online workshops, due to the COVID-19 travel restrictions, that were held between September 2021 and April 2022. The HPL methodology involved six assignments that were based on the Enhancing Our Heritage Toolkit 2.0 (EOH) which was being designed by UNESCO and its Advisory Bodies. This toolkit encouraged the team to establish site-specific management issues and research needs. The toolkit helped the team to have a detailed appreciation of the site's Outstanding Universal Value as well as other heritage values of national and local importance. The toolkit also involved the mapping of site attributes and multiple actors as well as the analysis of governance and legal frameworks. The toolkit also required the team to identify factors affecting the heritage property.FindingsThe Research-Practice Team highlighted challenges that resulted from the legacy of ill-informed research activities and conservation efforts at the World Heritage property. It became more apparent that the site managers were prioritizing the physical fabric of the site at the expense of the spiritual aspects. Lack of coordination among the actors was also undermining the governance structure. Four thematic strands which included local values and intangible cultural heritage elements; heritage governance; climate change and environmental sustainability and incorporation of local knowledge systems were identified for further research.Originality/valueThe paper is an outcome of collaborative efforts that were done by academics and practitioners. Researchers and site managers at Great Zimbabwe had hitherto worked in silos. The majority of previous and ongoing research on the World Heritage property falls short of addressing the dire management challenges. The paper is an attempt to broaden the scope in terms of the management of the site. In the past focus has been on the monumental aspects of the site with specific reference to the dry-stone walled structures. However, in this instance, the Research-Practice Team has integrated new interests such as the intangible aspects of Great Zimbabwe, spirituality and community beneficiation.
Family control and corporate anti corruption disclosures: the moderating effect of female directors
Authors: Al-Okaily Jihad 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the effect of family control on corporate anticorruption disclosures of UK publicly listed firms and whether female board directors moderate the latter relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses Poisson regression analysis for a sample of 1,546 FTSE 350 firm-year observations. Weighted least squares and propensity score matching are then used to assess the robustness of the findings.

Findings
The results show that family ownership and involvement are negatively associated with anticorruption disclosures. The tests of moderation indicate that female directors decrease the negative effect of family control on anticorruption disclosures.

Originality/value
To the best of the researcher’s knowledge, this paper is the first to investigate the impact of family control on anticorruption disclosures while taking into consideration the moderating effect of female directors.
Synthesis of an efficient phosphorus and triazine ring-containing reactive flame retardant for epoxy resin
Authors: Yang Fan , Wang Jihui , Wang Changzeng , Chen Junlei , Ding Anxin 
Published: May 2023

PurposeIn order to find an appropriate method to synthesize a new high-efficiency flame retardant for epoxy resin.Design/methodology/approachIn this work, a flame retardant with heterocyclic groups, HOMP, was acquired after removing the obstacle from triazines which was not readily soluble. The molecular structure, thermal and flame retardant properties were fully characterized and analyzed. Also, the mechanism was researched through multi-methodologies. As well, the authors evaluated the effects of HOMP on mechanical properties.FindingsThe results suggested that HOMP helped extinguish the combustion of specimens and could reach an LOI value of 29.2% and the V0 level in the UL-94 test with a phosphorus content of only 0.6wt%. With respect to the mechanism, HOMP was a gas-phase flame retardant and helped generate a thicker carbon protective coating. However, for the mechanical properties, the addition of HOMP enhanced the compressibility, while the tensile strength decreased significantly.Originality/valueThe approach not only simplified the operations but also obtained HOMP with excellent flame retardant properties.
Citric-acid anchored silver nano-finishing of commercially dyed denim fabric for potential non toxic antibacterial surgical gowns
Authors: Habib Saima , Raza Zulfiqar Ali , Kishwar Farzana , Abid Sharjeel 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Present study aimed to nanosilver-treat some commercially dyed denim fabric using an eco-friendly cross-linker of citric acid for possible application in the fabrication of sustainable antibacterial and nontoxic surgical gowns.

Design/methodology/approach
The conventional untreated surgical gowns are prone to bacterial attack making them unprotective and infection carriers. Thereby, nanosilver finishing of the surgical-grade dyed denim fabric was achieved via citrate cross-linking under the pad-dry-cure method. The hence treated denim fabrics were characterized for surface chemical, crystalline, textile, color and antibacterial attributes using both conventional and advanced analytical approaches.

Findings
The results expressed that the prepared denim specimens contained surface roughness at the nanoscale besides some alterations in their textile and color parameters. Both textile and comfort properties of the finished fabric remained in the acceptable range with effective antibacterial activity.

Practical implications
The silver nano-finished dyed denim expressed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and qualified as a potential substrate in the fabrication of surgical gowns. Such sustainable application of nanosilver finishing could be perused for industrial implications.

Originality/value
This study presents citric acid as a crosslinking agent to impregnate the commercially dyed denim fabric for potential application in the fabrication of surgical gowns. The application of nanosilver on prior citrated dyed-grown fabrics could be a novel approach. This study used approximately all the reagents and auxiliaries as bio-based to ensure the nontoxicity and sustainability of the resultant fabric.
The negative relationships between employee resilience and ambiguity, complexity, and inter‐agency collaboration
Authors: Plimmer Geoff , Kuntz Joana , Berman Evan , Malinen Sanna , Näswall Katharina , Franken Esme 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEmployee resilience (ER) is often needed to face demands inherent in public sector work. Some types of demands, however, may hinder its development, rather than provide the type of challenging adversity from which resilience can develop. Public sector job demands have been a long‐standing issue for public workplaces and employees but are also growing in salience as organisations face an increasingly variable, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous environment. Drawing on the Job Demands–Resources model and the challenge/hindrance stress literature, this multi‐level study of Aotearoa New Zealand civil servants (n = 11,533) in 65 public sector organisations shows that ER is negatively affected by demands such as job insecurity, unclear job and organisational goals, and inter‐agency collaboration. However, organisational resource constraints are positively associated with ER. This study identifies core PA job and organisational demands that hinder ER and offers practical implications and suggestions for further research.Points for practitioners
Job role ambiguity, job insecurity, unclear organisational goals, and inter‐agency collaboration are common job and organisational demands in public sector workplaces.
For employees, these demands are stressors that employees do not feel they control, and may therefore hinder employee resilience: the ability to learn, adapt, and leverage networks in the face of challenges.
Surprisingly, resource constraints, where employees have to ‘do more with less’, might help employees develop ER.
While inter‐agency collaboration has potentially many benefits, it appears to have negative spillover effects on employees unaware of it or not involved in it.
To encourage ER, agencies should clarify both organisational and job goals, and assure job security, control, competency development, and supervisor support.
The Unreal Child1
Authors: Meier Isabelle 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnrepresented mental states lead to an impaired ability to feel emotions and trust in oneself, one’s history and in the world. The article explores the question of how representations of oneself and the relevant other, the mother, become possible in the course of therapy when dissociative processes previously made this impossible, and what role unconscious communication plays in the analytic realm. This question will be explored by examining the theories of André Green, Philip Bromberg, and Howard Levine.
Attachment characteristics and kinetics of biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus on ready‐to‐eat cooked beef contact surfaces
Authors: Cheng Chuansong , Jiang Tao , Zhang Dongwei , Wang Huayan , Fang Ting , Li Changcheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus is a food‐borne pathogen that quickly forms biofilm on meat contact surfaces and thus poses a serious threat to the safety of the meat industry. This study evaluated the attachment, survival, and growth of S. aureus biofilm with exposure to environmental factors in the meat industry by simulated ready‐to‐eat (RTE) cooked beef product contamination scenarios. The results indicated that the meat‐borne S. aureus biofilm formation dynamic could be divided into four different phases: initial adhesion (4–12 h), exponential (12–24 h), slow growth (1–3 days), and stationary (3–7 days). Meat‐borne S. aureus has strong adhesion and biofilm formation ability, and its biofilm exhibits persistence, high‐intensity metabolic activity, aerotaxis, and strain heterogeneity. This study has also demonstrated that in the long‐term existence of meat‐borne S. aureus biofilm on stainless steel and plexiglass surfaces (>7 days, 7.2–8.8 log CFU/cm2), expose to RTE cooked beef products, may cause it to become high‐risk contaminated food. Meat‐borne S. aureus that forms a dense and rough concave‐convex in the shape of biofilm architecture was observed by scanning electron microscopy, consisting of complex components and adhesion of living and dead cells. This was further confirmed by the meat‐borne S. aureus biofilm on the stainless steel surface by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, and the dominant peaks in biofilm spectra were mainly associated with proteins, polysaccharides, amino acid residues, and phospholipids (>50%). These findings may help in the identification of the main sources of contamination within the meat industry and the subsequent establishment of strategies for biofilm prevention and removal.Practical ApplicationThis study revealed the meat‐borne S. aureus biofilm formation mechanism and found that it exhibited strong colonization and biofilm‐forming ability, which can persist on the contact surfaces of ready‐to‐eat beef products. These initial findings could provide information on the behavior of meat‐borne S. aureus biofilm attached to meat contact surfaces under conditions commonly encountered in meat environments, which help to support the determination of the main sources of contamination within the meat industry and the subsequent establishment of strategies for biofilm prevention and removal. It was also helpful in controlling biofilm contamination and improving meat safety to minimize it.
Association of gamma‐glutamyl transferase concentrations with all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Guan Haoyu , Liu Ke , Fan Xikang , Yu Hao , Qin Yu , Yang Jie , Zhu Zheng , Shen Chong , Pan Enchun , Lu Yan , Zhou Jinyi , Su Jian , Wu Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvidence links gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) to mortality in the general population. However, the relationship of GGT with all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality risk has been little explored in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.MethodsWe recruited 20 340 community‐dwelling T2DM patients between 2013 and 2014 in Jiangsu, China. Cox regression models were used to assess associations of GGT with all‐cause and specific‐cause mortality. Restricted cubic splines were used to analyze dose–response relationships between GGT and mortality. Stratified analysis was conducted to examine potential interaction effects by age, sex, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, and dyslipidemia.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up period of 7.04 years (interquartile range: 6.98–7.08), 2728 deaths occurred, including 902 (33.09%) due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and 754 (27.58%) due to cancer. GGT concentrations were positively associated with all‐cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest (Q5) vs. the lowest quintile (Q1) were 1.63 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.44–1.84) for all‐cause mortality, 1.87 (95% CI: 1.49–2.35) for CVD mortality, and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.13–1.81) for cancer mortality. Effect modification by BMI and dyslipidemia was observed for all‐cause mortality (both p for interaction <.05), and HRs were stronger in the BMI <25 kg/m2 group and those without dyslipidemia.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that, in Chinese T2DM patients, elevated serum GGT concentrations were associated with mortality for all‐cause, CVD, and cancer, and further research is needed to elucidate the role of obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and lipids in this association.
Abundance and phylogenetic distribution of eight key enzymes of the phosphorus biogeochemical cycle in grassland soils
Authors: Garaycochea Silvia , Altier Nora Adriana , Leoni Carolina , Neal Andrew L. , Romero Héctor 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGrassland biomes provide valuable ecosystem services, including nutrient cycling. Organic phosphorus (Po) represents more than half of the total P in soils. Soil microorganisms release organic P through enzymatic processes, with alkaline phosphatases, acid phosphatases and phytases being the key P enzymes involved in the cycling of organic P. This study analysed 74 soil metagenomes from 17 different grassland biomes worldwide to evaluate the distribution and abundance of eight key P enzymes (PhoD, PhoX, PhoA, Nsap‐A, Nsap‐B, Nsap‐C, BPP and CPhy) and their relationship with environmental factors. Our analyses showed that alkaline phosphatase phoD was the dataset's most abundant P‐enzyme encoding genes, with a wide phylogenetic distribution. Followed by the acid phosphatases Nsap‐A and Nsap‐C showed similar abundance but a different distribution in their respective phylogenetic trees. Multivariate analyses revealed that pH, Tmax, SOC and soil moisture were associated with the abundance and diversity of all genes studied. PhoD and phoX genes strongly correlated with SOC and clay, and the phoX gene was more common in soils with low to medium SOC and neutral pH. In particular, P‐enzyme genes tended to respond in a positively correlated manner among them, suggesting a complex relationship of abundance and diversity among them.
Age‐related changes in human skeletal muscle microstructure and architecture assessed by diffusion‐tensor magnetic resonance imaging and their association with muscle strength
Authors: Cameron Donnie , Reiter David A. , Adelnia Fatemeh , Ubaida‐Mohien Ceereena , Bergeron Christopher M. , Choi Seongjin , Fishbein Kenneth W. , Spencer Richard G. , Ferrucci Luigi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDiffusion‐tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT‐MRI) offers objective measures of muscle characteristics, providing insights into age‐related changes. We used DT‐MRI to probe skeletal muscle microstructure and architecture in a large healthy‐aging cohort, with the aim of characterizing age‐related differences and comparing these to muscle strength. We recruited 94 participants (43 female; median age = 56, range = 22–89 years) and measured microstructure parameters—fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD)—in 12 thigh muscles, and architecture parameters—pennation angle, fascicle length, fiber curvature, and physiological cross‐sectional area (PCSA)—in the rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris longus (BFL). Knee extension and flexion torques were also measured for comparison to architecture measures. FA and MD were associated with age (β = 0.33, p = 0.001, R2 = 0.10; and β = −0.36, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.12), and FA was negatively associated with Type I fiber proportions from the literature (β = −0.70, p = 0.024, and R2 = 0.43). Pennation angle, fiber curvature, fascicle length, and PCSA were associated with age in the RF (β = −0.22, 0.26, −0.23, and −0.31, respectively; p < 0.05), while in the BFL only curvature and fascicle length were associated with age (β = 0.36, and −0.40, respectively; p < 0.001). In the RF, pennation angle and PCSA were associated with strength (β = 0.29, and 0.46, respectively; p < 0.01); in the BFL, only PCSA was associated with strength (β = 0.43; p < 0.001). Our results show skeletal muscle architectural changes with aging and intermuscular differences in the microstructure. DT‐MRI may prove useful for elucidating muscle changes in the early stages of sarcopenia and monitoring interventions aimed at preventing age‐associated microstructural changes in muscle that lead to functional impairment.
Assessment‐based management of placenta‐mediated pregnancy complications: Pragmatism until a precision medicine approach evolves
Authors: Brenner Benjamin , Papadakis Emmanouil , Greer Ian A. , Gris Jean‐Christophe 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThe management of pregnant women with thrombophilia and a history of gestational vascular complications remains debatable. Treatment of the latter is often based on clinical outcome rather than disease mechanism. While the use of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in pregnancy is recommended for those at increased risk, the ability of anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet agents to lower the risk of placenta‐mediated complications in this clinical setting remains controversial. The available guidelines are inconsistent in some situations, which reflects the limited evidence base. This review critically discusses risk assessment models (RAMs) and management strategies of women with thrombophilia and pregnancy complications, using clinical vignettes. RAMs, taking into account obstetric and thrombotic history as well as thrombophilia status, could drive a precision medicine approach, based on disease mechanism, and guide individual therapeutic interventions in high‐risk clinical settings.
Long‐acting insulin analogues and the risk of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Larose Stéphanie , Filliter Christopher , Platt Robert W. , Yu Oriana H. Y. , Filion Kristian B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo determine whether the use of long‐acting insulin analogues is associated with an increased risk of incident diabetic retinopathy (DR) among patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsUsing data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum, this retrospective, population‐based cohort study included patients with type 2 diabetes who initiated a long‐acting insulin analogue (glargine, detemir, degludec) or Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin. The primary outcome was incident DR. We used Cox proportional hazards models with inverse probability of treatment weighting to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident DR with insulin analogues versus NPH insulin.ResultsThere were 66 280 new users of long‐acting insulin analogues and 66 173 new users of NPH insulin. The incidence rate of DR was 101.7 per 1000 person‐years (95% CI, 98.7‐104.8) for insulin analogues and 93.2 (95% CI, 90.0‐96.5) per 1000 person‐years for NPH insulin. Compared with the current use of NPH insulin, insulin analogues were not associated with the risk of incident DR (HR 1.04, 95% CI, 0.99‐1.09). The adjusted HRs were 0.84 (95% CI, 0.66‐1.07) for proliferative DR and 1.02 (95% CI, 0.97‐1.08) for non‐proliferative DR.ConclusionsCompared with NPH insulin, long‐acting insulin analogues were not associated with the risk of incident DR among patients with type 2 diabetes. This finding provides important reassurance regarding the safety of long‐acting insulin analogues with respect to incident DR.
Perturbation‐based balance training leads to improved reactive postural responses in individuals with Parkinson's disease and freezing of gait
Authors: Ribeiro de Souza Caroline , Ávila de Oliveira Júlia , Takazono Patrícia Sayuri , da Silva Rezende Lucas , Silva‐Batista Carla , Coelho Daniel Boari , Teixeira Luis Augusto 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPerturbation‐based balance training (PBT) exposes individuals to a series of sudden upright balance perturbations to improve their reactive postural responses. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of a short PBT program on body balance recovery following a perturbation in individuals with freezing of gait due to Parkinson's disease. Volunteers (mean age = 64 years, SD = 10.6) were pseudorandomly assigned either to a PBT (n = 9) or to a resistance training (RT, n = 10) group. PBT was implemented through balance perturbations varying in the kind, direction, side and magnitude of support base displacements. Both groups exercised with progressive difficulty/load activities twice a week for 4 weeks. Specific gains and generalization to dual‐tasking and faster‐than‐trained support base displacements were evaluated 24 h after the end of the training, and retention was evaluated after 30 days of no training. Results showed that, compared with RT, PBT led to more stable postural responses in the 30‐day retention evaluation, as indicated by decreased CoP displacement, velocity and time to direction reversal and reduced numbers of near‐falls. We found no transfer either to a dual task or to a higher perturbation velocity. In conclusion, a training program based on diverse unpredictable balance perturbations improved the stability of reactive postural responses to those perturbations suffered during the training, without generalization to more challenging tasks.