bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal HOTS Pada Materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar Berdasarkan Kriteria Watson
Authors: Triyani Evi , Sukirwan Sukirwan , Yuhana Yuyu 
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi adanya masalah berupa sulitnya peserta didik dalam memahami materi matematika seperti soal berbentuk HOTS yang diambil dari materi bangun ruang sisi datar, yang mengakibatkan peserta didik melakukan kesalahan-kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan kesalahan-kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan soal uraian tipe HOTS pada materi bangun ruang sisi datar dan mendeskripsikan faktor penyebab peserta didik melakukan kesalahan. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Dengan melibatkan subjek penelitian sebanyak 9 orang peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Balaraja. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu instrumen Tes dan Wawancara. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu metode tes uraian, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Adapun hasil dari penelitian kesalahan-kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh peserta didik berdasarkan kriteria Watson antara lain, 1) Pada aspek menganalisi yaitu Kesalahan Data Tidak Tepat, Kesalahan Prosedur Tidak Tepat , Kesalahan Kesimpulan Hilang dan Kesalahan Masalah Hierarki Keterampilan, 2) aspek mengevaluasi yaitu Kesalahan Data Hilang, Kesimpulan Hilang, dan Kesalahan Selain Tujuh Janis Kesalahan, 3) aspek mencipta yaitu Kesalahan Data Tidak Tepat, Kesalahan Data Hilang, Kesalahan Kesimpulan Hilang, Kesalahan Manipulasi Tidak Langsung, dan Kesalahan Selain Tujuh Janis Kesalahan. Untuk faktor penyebab peserta didik melakukan kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal HOTS yaitu karena kurangnya pemahaman peserta didik terhadap soal tersebut, peserta didik kurang teliti dalam proses perhitungan, dan peserta didik kurang mengembangkan kreativitasnya dalam menyelesaikan soal. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa peserta didik masih banyak melakukan kesalahan-kesalahan saat menyelesaikan soal HOTS berdasarkan kriteria Watson yang disebabkan karena peserta didik kurang memahami permasalahan pada soalnya.
Tratamentos farmacológicos de uso tópico para o melasma
Authors: Castro Ana Clara de , Jesus Karoline Aparecida Leite de , Brum Helineide Cristina Campos 
Published: July 2023

Melanose é uma condição comum de hiperpigmentação adquirida caracterizada por manchas acastanhada assimétricas na pele exposta ao sol. É uma doença crônica e recorrente que afeta principalmente mulheres. Diversos fatores como predisposição genética, exposição do sol, gravidez e desequilibrios hormonais, contribuem para seu desenvolvimento. A melanose é classificada em três tipos principais, o que influencia o tratamento farmacológico e o prognóstico. O propósito do tratamento farmacológico é clarear as lesões e previnir sua expansão, utilizando ingredientes ativos clareadores como ácido kójico, ácido mandélico, hidroquinona, ácido tranexâmico, ácido azelaico, ácido retinóico, ácido glicólico e vitamina C. A fotoproteção adequada, incluindo o uso diario de protetor solas é fundaental. Apesar da existencia de tratamentos farmacológicos disponíveis, a compreensão dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos da melanose ainda é limitada. São necessários estudos mais aprofundados para desenvolver novas estratégias de tratamento. Nesse contexto foi realizada uma revisão integrativa com o objetivo de indicar os tratamentos farmacológicos de administração tópica mais utilizados e com maior eficácia para a terapêutica.
usuário ao iniciado
Authors: Couzinet Viviane , Thiesen Icleia , Cabral Nunes Martha Suzana 
Published: July 2023

Em 1989, a Associação Americana de Bibliotecas (ALA), no seu relatório final sobre o trabalho do Comitê de Cultura da Informação, declarou que, para ser alfabetizada, uma pessoa deve ser capaz de reconhecer quando a informação é necessária e ter a capacidade de localizar, avaliar e utilizar eficazmente a informação necessária[1]. Na França, os bibliotecários e documentalistas têm sido responsáveis pela formação dos usuários durante os últimos trinta anos. A existência no ensino secundário, no sistema educativo nacional francês e no Ministério da Agricultura, de um corpo de professores documentalistas cuja missão é contribuir para a formação dos estudantes faz parte do desejo de capacitá-los a adquirir domínio suficiente da informação. Trata-se de ajudá-los a assegurar o seu futuro profissional e pessoal. Isto levanta a questão de definir os conteúdos a serem transmitidos. A informação, tal como aqui considerada, é aquela que é especializada e útil para o progresso, e que é referida no singular para expressar a ação, o processo pelo qual um sujeito se informa.
A fim de contribuir para o debate, propomos ressituar essa questão em seu contexto de emergência e evolução, para depois lançar luz sobre ela a partir de trabalhos realizados no âmbito anglófono. Ao fazê-lo, não pretendemos traçar um panorama exaustivo dos trabalhos, mas propor para reflexão alguns estudos que sintetizam pesquisas que nos parecem interessantes para examinar a situação francesa.
Focaremos mais particularmente no artigo de David Bawden (Department of information science, City university, Londres) que revisa os significados atribuídos à expressão "cultura da informação", e expressões afins, a partir da Literatura. Nos deteremos, também, em um texto de Christine Susan Bruce (Queensland University of Technology, Austrália) preparado para a UNESCO, a Comissão Nacional Americana de Biblioteca e Ciência da Informação e o Fórum Nacional sobre Information literacy, em 2002. Esse texto, que também foi apresentado e publicado nos anais da 3ª Conferência sobre Aprendizagem ao longo da vida (lifelong learning), em 2004, especifica as várias abordagens que fazem referência na área e os elementos a considerar na sua implementação. Esta autora também produziu pesquisas que utilizaremos, com o objetivo de delinear os componentes dessa cultura.
Por fim, para completar esta observação, nos apoiaremos em outros trabalhos realizados na França e em outros países para propor uma distinção entre “cultura da informação” e “cultura informacional” e uma mudança do termo “usuário” para “iniciado”.
Esta reflexão faz parte de um conjunto de trabalhos, ainda em curso, que a equipe Mediações em Informação e Comunicação Especializada (MICS) realiza com colegas da unidade de investigação Educagro e que visa estudar as várias facetas da inclusão de profissionais de informação e documentação nas Ciências da Informação e da Comunicação.
[1] American Library Association, Presidential committee of information literacy, 1989. Final report. Chicago, ALA.
micro ao macrodispositivo documentário
Authors: Couzinet Viviane , Dotta Ortega Cristina , De Brito Marcílio 
Published: July 2023

Em ciência da informação e da comunicação, a noção de dispositivo foi analisada do ponto de vista de seu papel mediador através de objetos concretos do contexto global das organizações. Uma síntese desses trabalhos propôs uma tipologia em três categorias. Uma, estaria focada nos dispositivos como elementos relacionados em uma lógica de análise dos agenciamentos; a outra, que agrega mediação à anterior, analisaria os dispositivos sociossignificantes em abordagens sociotécnicas ou semiotécnicas em uma lógica analítica; a terceira, incluindo uma ideologia, consideraria um agenciamento político em uma lógica crítica (APPEL; HELLER, 2010). Esta pesquisa, que faz parte de um conjunto de trabalhos desenvolvidos em uma equipe que trabalha na organização dos conhecimentos e das mediações[1], organiza-se em torno da definição do conceito de dispositivo documentário e analisa as possíveis extensões espaciais e temporais e as imbricações eventuais que o constituem. Ela propõe um retorno aos trabalhos de Paul Otlet e sua reivindicação à universalidade, em seguida discute sua posição de precursor e de inscrição no Registro da Memória do Mundo.
[1] Equipe Mediações em Informação e Comunicação Especializada (MICS), Laboratório de Estudos e Pesquisas em Ciências Sociais (LERASS)
Evaluation of structured doctoral training programs in German life sciences: how much do such programs address hurdles faced by doctoral candidates?
Authors: Meuleners Julia S. , Boone William J. , Fischer Martin R. , Neuhaus Birgit J. , Eberle Julia 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionWays to improve the quality of doctoral education are debated internationally. In Europe, the United States, and other countries, there have been policy initiatives to address these. One approach has been the implementation of so-called structured doctoral training programs (doctoral programs) including formal structures such as courses, supervision agreements, external examiners for grading the thesis. However, there is little known about how doctoral programs implement the debated structures. As a result, the question arises whether existing programs already address the challenges of doctoral education and implement policy demands.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated the structure of 82 life science doctoral programs in Germany in a document analysis and a survey of program experts. We focused on (1) interdisciplinary aspects and (2) the international orientation of these programs. We evaluated the (3) courses offered, (4) formal characteristics of supervision, and (5) examination regulations of the doctoral programs.ResultsThe results showed that the doctoral programs already address these five aspects to some extent. However, there is variability as a function of institution and details of policy demand realizations are very heterogeneous. Some doctoral programs provide opportunities for interdisciplinary cooperation, but only few promote international orientation. Offered courses cover some relevant academic skills, but courses on, e.g., teaching, open access and public outreach are still rare. Structured regulations on supervision, e.g., through regular meetings and supervision agreements, are also rarely implemented. Lastly, most supervisors remain strongly involved in examining doctoral theses.DiscussionWe conclude that there is still a crucial need for improvement of doctoral programs through more extensive implementation of policy demands. We detail cross-national and -disciplinary practical implications for coordinators of doctoral programs.
Identification of key genes in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia via bioinformatic analysis and experimental verification
Authors: Gao Yongqi , Wu Zhongji , Liu Simin , Chen Yiwen , Zhao Guojun , Lin Hui-Ping 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundPreeclampsia (PE) is the primary cause of perinatal maternal-fetal mortality and morbidity. The exact molecular mechanisms of PE pathogenesis are largely unknown. This study aims to identify the hub genes in PE and explore their potential molecular regulatory network.MethodsWe downloaded the GSE148241, GSE190971, GSE74341, and GSE114691 datasets for the placenta and performed a differential expression analysis to identify hub genes. We performed Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Disease Ontology (DO), Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and Protein–Protein Interaction (PPI) Analysis to determine functional roles and regulatory networks of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We then verified the DEGs at transcriptional and translational levels by analyzing the GSE44711 and GSE177049 datasets and our clinical samples, respectively.ResultsWe identified 60 DEGs in the discovery phase, consisting of 7 downregulated genes and 53 upregulated genes. We then identified seven hub genes using Cytoscape software. In the verification phase, 4 and 3 of the seven genes exhibited the same variation patterns at the transcriptional level in the GSE44711 and GSE177049 datasets, respectively. Validation of our clinical samples showed that CADM3 has the best discriminative performance for predicting PEConclusionThese findings may enhance the understanding of PE and provide new insight into identifying potential therapeutic targets for PE.
Association between duration of progesterone supplementation and clinical outcomes in artificial frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles
Authors: Liu Ling , Zhou Hongyan , Hu Jie , Sun Xingyu , Liu Doudou , Huang Guiying 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe administration of progesterone before transfer in hormone replacement treatment (HRT) is crucial for the clinical outcomes of frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), but the optimal duration of progesterone remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the duration of progesterone administration on the clinical outcomes of FET cycles.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 353 artificial FET cycles conducted at a reproductive medicine center between April and October 2021. The FET cycles were stratified into four groups based on the duration of progesterone supplementation before the procedure and the embryonic development stage: group P3 (73 patients) received intramuscular progesterone for 3 days and group P4 (87 patients) for 4 days before Day 3 frozen embryo transfer, group P5 (70 patients) for 5 days and group P6 (123 patients) for 6 days before frozen blastocyst transfer. This trial was performed using one or two vitrified embryo(s) when the endometrial thickness reached 7 mm after estrogen supplementation in an artificial cycle. The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy, and secondary outcomes included biochemical pregnancy, implantation, early pregnancy loss, and live births.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the demographic and clinical characteristics between the groups. No significant difference was observed in the clinical pregnancy rates between groups: 23/73 (31.5%) in group P3 vs 28/87 (32.2%) in group P4 (P = 0.927). Compared to group P5 (41/70, 58.6%), the clinical pregnancy rate was not significantly different in group P6 (77/123, 62.6%, P = 0.753). There was no significant difference in the implantation rates between groups: 33/136 (24.3%) in group P3 vs 34/166 (20.5%) in group P4 (P = 0.431), and 62/133 (46.6%) in group P5 vs 107/231 (46.3%) in group P6 (P = 0.956). The duration of progesterone supplementation (mean: 3.5 ± 0.5 days; range:3–4 days) before Day 3 frozen embryo transfer did not impact clinical pregnancy (odds ratio [OR] 1.048; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.518–2.119). The duration of progesterone administration (mean: 5.6 ± 0.5 days; range:5–6 days) before frozen blastocyst transfer may not affect clinical pregnancy (OR 1.339; 95% CI, 0.717–2.497).ConclusionThere may be no significant correlation between the duration of progesterone supplementation and pregnancy outcomes in artificial FET cycles, although the clinical pregnancy rate was higher when progesterone supplementation was extended for one day before FET.
Effect of passive smoking exposure on risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Qin Guo-Qiang , Chen Li , Zheng Jun , Wu Xiao-Min , Li Yang , Yang Kai , Liu Tong-Feng , Fang Zhong-Ze , Zhang Qiang 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe effect of passive smoking exposure on the risk of type 2 diabetes has not been systematically studied. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between passive smoking exposure and the risk of diabetes.MethodsWe searched three major databases up to 31 October 2022 to identify relevant prospective cohort studies on the association between passive smoking and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between passive smoking exposure and the risk of type 2 diabetes were analyzed using a fixed-effect model.ResultsTen prospective cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 251,620 participants involved. The pooled RR showed a significantly positive association between nonsmokers exposed to passive smoking and type 2 diabetes as compared to non-smokers who were not exposed to passive smoking [RR = 1.27; 95% CI (1.19, 1.36); p &lt; 0.001]. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the pooled RR was not substantially affected by any of the individual studies.ConclusionExposure to passive smoking increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. This study may have a positive effect on the prevention of type 2 diabetes.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023372532.
Double diabetes as an effect modifier for adverse perinatal outcome in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus – a retrospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Malinowska-Polubiec Aneta , Zawiejska Agnieszka , Romejko-Wolniewicz Ewa , Poprawski Grzegorz , Towpik Iwona , Brązert Jacek , Handziuk Zuzanna , Czajkowski Krzysztof 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionDouble diabetes (DDiab) is defined as T1DM coexisting with insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and/or obesity. Little evidence is available regarding how frequent DDiab is among T1DM pregnancies and whether it affects the perinatal outcome in this population.Aims of the studyTo explore the prevalence of DDiab in early pregnancy in the cohort of pregnant women with T1DM and to examine the association between an early-pregnancy DDiab status and fetomaternal complications characteristic for T1DM in pregnancy.Material and methodsA retrospective data analysis of the multicenter cohort of N=495 pregnant women in singleton pregnancy complicated with T1DM followed from early pregnancy until delivery in three tertiary referral centers. DDiab status was defined as T1DM plus pre-pregnancy obesity defined as BMI≥30 kg/m2 measured at the first antenatal visit (DDiabOb), or T1DM plus pre-pregnancy IR defined as eGDR (estimated Glucose Disposal Rate) below the 25th centile for the cohort measured at the first antenatal visit (DDiabIR). Proportions of the adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared between DDiabOb and Non-DDiabOb and between DDiabIR and Non-DDiabIR patients.Characteristics of the study group(data presented as mean(SD) or percentage): age: 30.0(5.1) years; age when T1DM diagnosed: 17.5(8.5) years; T1DM duration: 12.0(7,9) years; microvascular complications (White classes R,F,RF): 11.9%, pre-pregnancy counselling: 26.6%, baseline gestational age: 10.5(4.3) weeks, pre-pregnancy BMI: 23.7(4.3) kg/m2; chronic hypertension: 9.1%, gestational hypertension (PIH) 10.7%, preeclampsia (PET): 3.2%; nulliparity 53.8%, smoking in pregnancy: 4.8%, eGWG: 22.4%, DDiabOB: 10.1%; DdiabIR: 25.2%; LGA: 44.0%, and NICU admission: 20.8%.Results(data from the univariate analysis given as OR(95%CI)): both DDiabOB and DDiabIR status increased the risk for eGWG [23.15 (10.82; 55.59); 3.03 (1.80; 5.08), respectively]. DDiabIR status increased the risk for PET [4.79 (1.68;14.6)], preterm delivery [1.84 (1.13; 3.21)], congenital malformation [2.15 (1.07;4.25)], and NICU hospitalization [2.2 (1.20;4.01)]. Both DDiabOB and DDiabIR accurately ruled out PET (NPV 97.3%/98.3%, accuracy: 88.3%/75.6%, respectively), congenital malformation (NPV 85.6%/88.4%, accuracy: 78.9/69.8, respectively), and perinatal mortality (NPV 98.7%/99.2%, accuracy: 88.8%/74.5%, respectively).ConclusionsDouble diabetes became a frequent complication in T1DM pregnant population. Double diabetes diagnosed in early pregnancy allows for further stratification of the T1DM pregnant population for additional maternal risk.
Assessing the potential of ultraviolet irradiation for inactivating waterborne fungal spores: kinetics and photoreactivation studies
Authors: Duque-Sarango Paola , Delgado-Armijos Nicole , Romero-Martínez Leonardo , Pinos-Vélez Verónica 
Published: July 2023

Ultraviolet disinfection has been extensively studied in recent years, especially in bacteria; however, there are still insufficient studies in fungal spores. Moreover, most studies use static batch reactors instead of continuous flow reactors, which are used mainly at the industrial scale. In the present work, the inactivation and reactivation characteristics of two species of filamentous fungi were studied using a single-pass flow-through UV-C reactor (FTR). For this purpose, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. spores were suspended in water and circulated through the reactor at different UV-C doses. The effects on inactivation and reactivation after 24 in either light or dark conditions were studied. The two fungal strains studied show different UV-C treatment resistance and damage repair capacity. With the experimented FTR system, an inactivation efficiency of up to 2 log units (99% removal) was achieved with doses of 220.1 ± 24.3 mJ cm−2 in the case of Aspergillus niger and 123.8 ± 6.3 mJ cm−2 in the case of Penicillium sp. The effect of dark repair is negligible, while the photoreactivation process is relevant in the case of Penicillium sp., since D2 increased by 53.8% just after UV-C exposure due to photoreactivation. In general, A. niger is more UV-C resistant than Penicillium sp.; however, the latter has a greater capacity to photoreactivate.
Misclassified: identification of zoonotic transition biomarker candidates for influenza A viruses using deep neural network
Authors: Hatibi Nissrine , Dumont-Lagacé Maude , Alouani Zakaria , El Fatimy Rachid , Abik Mounia , Daouda Tariq 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Zoonotic transition of Influenza A viruses is the cause of epidemics with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Predicting which viral strains are likely to transition from their genetic sequence could help in the prevention and response against these zoonotic strains. We hypothesized that features predictive of viral hosts could be leveraged to identify biomarkers of zoonotic viral transition.Methods: We trained deep learning models to predict viral hosts based on the virus mRNA or protein sequences. Our multi-host dataset contained 848,630 unique nucleotide sequences obtained from the NCBI Influenza Virus and Influenza Research Databases. Each sequence, representing one gene from one viral strain, was classified into one of the three host categories: Avian, Human, and Swine. Trained models were analyzed using various neural network interpretation methods to identify interesting candidates for zoonotic transition biomarkers.Results: Using mRNA sequences as input led to higher prediction accuracies than amino acids, suggesting that the codon sequence contains information relevant to viral hosts that is lost during protein translation. UMAP visualization of the latent space of our classifiers showed that viral sequences clustered according to their host of origin. Interestingly, sequences from pandemic zoonotic viral strains localized at the margins between hosts, while zoonotic sequences incapable of Human-to-Human transmission localized with non-zoonotic viruses from the same host. In addition, host prediction for pandemic zoonotic sequences had low prediction accuracy, which was not the case for the other zoonotic strains. This supports our hypothesis that ambiguously predicted viral sequences bear features associated with cross-species infectivity. Finally, we compared misclassified sequences to well-classified ones to extract interesting candidates for zoonotic transition biomarkers. While features varied significantly between pairs of species and viral genes, several codons were conserved in Swine-to-Human and Avian-to-Human misclassified sequences, and in particular in the NA, HA, and NP genes, suggesting their importance for zoonosis in Humans.Discussion: Analysis of viral sequences using neural network interpretation approaches revealed important genetic differences between zoonotic viruses with pandemic potential, compared to non-zoonotic viral strains or zoonotic viruses incapable of Human-to-Human transmission.