bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of diet low in omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the global burden of cardiovascular diseases and future trends: evidence from the Global Burden of Disease 2021
Authors: Mao Qingsong , Kong Yuzhe 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThis research analyzes the worldwide impact of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) associated with low consumption of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, utilizing data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.MethodThe study explored the influence of diets deficient in omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on CVD across global, regional, and national levels. It examined variations across different age groups and genders and analyzed the relationship between the disease burden and the socio-demographic index (SDI). Furthermore, it employed an ARIMA model to project the future prevalence of CVD linked to insufficient omega-6 intake until 2050.ResultIn 2021, insufficient omega-6 intake was linked to roughly 737.88 thousand deaths and 17.87 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to CVD, showing a decreasing trend in this health burden throughout the study period. The most significant effects were seen in individuals aged 75 and older, with a higher disease burden noted in males. Forecasts suggest likely declines in disease prevalence in regions with high SDI. On a national level, regions like Russia and various countries in North Africa and the Middle East might experience increasing challenges related to CVD due to low omega-6 intake by 2030 and 2050.ConclusionThese results highlight the critical need for preventive strategies for CVD and stress the importance of managing dietary patterns to mitigate health risks.
The prediction value of serum anion gap for short-term mortality in pulmonary hypertension patients with sepsis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Jinhua , Zhang Zeying , Lei Yefei , Ouyang Zhenrong , Kutty Shelby , Liu Qiming , Xiao Yunbin 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe relationship between anion gap (AG) and short-term mortality of pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients with sepsis in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains unclear.MethodsThis study involved a retrospective analysis of incident PH patients with sepsis first admitted to the ICU in the MIMIC IV database (2008 to 2019). Short-term outcomes include in-hospital mortality and 28-day mortality. According to the AG value (17.0 mmol/L), patients were divided into high-AG and low-AG groups. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve was used to compare the cumulative survival rates of the high and low groups using the log-rank test. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were constructed to assess the relationship between AG and short-term outcomes in PH patients with sepsis.ResultsA total of 2,012 sepsis patients with PH were included. The in-hospital mortality rates (11.4%) and 28-day mortality rates (12.8%) in the high-AG group were higher than those in the low-AG group (5.0% or 7.2%, respectively; P &lt; 0.001). The Kaplan–Meier curve showed that the in-hospital and 28-day cumulative survival rates were lower in the high-AG group than in the low-AG group (P &lt; 0.001). The multivariable Cox regression analysis confirmed that elevated AG was an independent risk factor of in-hospital mortality, 28-day mortality, and length of stay in the ICU and hospital. The relationship between elevated AG and in-hospital mortality remains stable after subgroup analyses.ConclusionElevated serum AG is associated with increased risk-adjusted short-term mortality in PH patients with sepsis, and it may aid clinicians in identifying patients with poor prognosis as early as possible.
Application of artificial intelligence in the health management of chronic disease: bibliometric analysis
Authors: Pan Mingxia , Li Rong , Wei Junfan , Peng Huan , Hu Ziping , Xiong Yuanfang , Li Na , Guo Yuqin , Gu Weisheng , Liu Hanjiao 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundWith the rising global burden of chronic diseases, traditional health management models are encountering significant challenges. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into chronic disease management has enhanced patient care efficiency, optimized treatment strategies, and reduced healthcare costs, providing innovative solutions in this field. However, current research remains fragmented and lacks systematic, comprehensive analysis.ObjectiveThis study conducts a bibliometric analysis of AI applications in chronic disease health management, aiming to identify research trends, highlight key areas, and provide valuable insights into the current state of the field. Hoping our findings will serve as a useful reference for guiding further research and fostering the effective application of AI in healthcare.MethodsThe Web of Science Core Collection database was utilized as the source. All relevant publications from inception to August 2024 were retrieved. The external characteristics of the publications were summarized using HistCite. Keyword co-occurrences among countries, authors, and institutions were analyzed with Vosviewer, while CiteSpace was employed to assess keyword frequencies and trends.ResultsA total of 341 publications were retrieved, originating from 775 institutions across 55 countries, and published in 175 journals by 2,128 authors. A notable surge in publications occurred between 2013 and 2024, accounting for 95.31% (325/341) of the total output. The United States and the Journal of Medical Internet Research were the leading contributors in this field. Our analysis of the 341 publications revealed four primary research clusters: diagnosis, care, telemedicine, and technology. Recent trends indicate that mobile health technologies and machine learning have emerged as key focal points in the application of artificial intelligence in the field of chronic disease management.ConclusionDespite significant advancements in the application of AI in chronic disease management, several critical challenges persist. These include improving research quality, fostering greater international and inter-institutional collaboration, standardizing data-sharing practices, and addressing ethical and legal concerns. Future research should prioritize strengthening global partnerships to facilitate cross-disciplinary and cross-regional knowledge exchange, optimizing AI technologies for more precise and effective chronic disease management, and ensuring their seamless integration into clinical practice.
Efficacy of an intervention to increase therapeutic adherence in patients with secondary prevention for cardiovascular disease: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lidón-Muñoz Francisco Manuel , Quesada José Antonio , Gil-Guillén Vicente Francisco , Orozco-Beltrán Domingo 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionCardiovascular diseases represent the leading cause of mortality worldwide. This category includes cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, and peripheral vascular disease. Secondary prevention is effective for patients with a history of cardiovascular events, with antihypertensives, statins, and acetylsalicylic acid being the most prescribed drugs. Therapeutic adherence is crucial, as the lack of it increases morbidity, mortality, reduces quality of life, and raises healthcare costs. However, less than half of patients adhere to all three drugs within the first year post-event. Furthermore, non-adherence is more pronounced in primary care.ObjectiveBased on our hypothesis that in patients undergoing cardiovascular secondary prevention, an intervention grounded in the application of the Chronic Care Model improves adherence to the three preventive drugs, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a health education intervention, which implements this model, to increase adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease.MethodsAn open-label randomized controlled trial will be conducted, selecting patients who meet inclusion criteria through consecutive non-probability sampling. Random assignment will be performed using the random number table method. Based on a therapeutic adherence rate of 50% in the control group and 80% in the intervention group, with a type I error of 5% (95% confidence interval), a type II error of 20% (80% power), and accounting for a 15% loss to follow-up, the final sample size will be of 45 patients per group. Follow-up will last for 1 year. Following data collection, univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses will be performed to isolate confounding factors and assess the intervention’s impact on adherence.DiscussionIf the results obtained in this study are favorable and the intervention is successful in enhancing therapeutic adherence, its applicability would be substantial, representing a feasible intervention for implementation in primary care. This approach addresses a significant public health issue, namely the lack of therapeutic adherence and its associated consequences. Moreover, this is particularly pertinent for high-risk patients, such as those in secondary prevention, given that cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality in developed countries. This trial has been registered at clinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06510946.
Asperulosidic acid inhibits the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway to suppress endotoxin-induced uveitis
Authors: Du Yong , Lu Jing , Feng Lujia , Zhao Long , Wu Ping , He Yuxia , Zhou Linbin , Wang Xing , Peng Hui 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionUveitis, a severe inflammatory disease affecting the uvea, is associated with visual impairment and irreversible blindness. Asperulosidic Acid (ASPA), derived from Hedyotis diffusa, is known for its notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics.MethodsThe present study explored the potential anti-inflammatory effects and the fundamental processes of ASPA by injecting it or a placebo into the vitreous of rats with endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). The severity of the disease was assessed using clinical scores obtained through slit lamp examination. The study involved the examination of protein concentrations and cell count in the aqueous humor (AqH), the detection of inflammatory mediators expressed in the retina. We evaluated the expression levels of various proteins, including the tight junction protein ZO-1, the endothelial marker VE-cadherin, and the key inflammatory mediators NF-κB and its phosphorylated form, along with the regulatory proteins IκB-a and IKK in their phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated states.ResultsASPA treatment significantly reduced the clinical score of EIU, including inflammatory leukocyte penetration, protein accumulation, cellulose-like exudates, the expression of ICAM-1, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α in the AqH; and adhesion of leukocytes. The activation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway was observed in EIU. Nevertheless, pretreatment with ASPA significantly suppressed the release of ICAM-1, TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-6.DiscussionASPA may play a role in suppressing LPS-induced inflammation by obstructing the activation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. As a result, ASPA has shown the capacity to significantly reduce immune inflammation.
A novel approach for detecting Salmonella enterica strains frequently attributed to human illness—development and validation of the highly pathogenic Salmonella (HPS) multiplex PCR assay
Authors: Harhay Dayna M. , Brader Kerry D. , Katz Tatum S. , Harhay Gregory P. , Bono James L. , Bosilevac Joseph M. , Wheeler Tommy L. 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionNon-typhoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS) are leading bacterial agents of foodborne illnesses and a global concern for human health. While there are over 2,600 different serovars of NTS, epidemiological data suggests that certain serovars are better at causing disease than others, resulting in the majority of reported human illnesses in the United States. To improve food safety, there is a need to rapidly detect these more pathogenic serovars to facilitate their removal from the food supply.MethodsAddressing this need, we conducted a comparative analysis of 23 closed Salmonella genomic sequences of five serotypes. The analysis pinpointed eight genes (sseK2, sseK3, gtgA/gogA, avrA, lpfB, SspH2, spvD, and invA) that in combination, identify 7 of the 10 leading Salmonella serovars attributed to human illnesses in the US each year (i.e., Serovars of Concern or SoC). A multiplex PCR assay was developed to detect the presence of these genes, with strains amplifying five or more targets designated Highly Pathogenic Salmonella, or HPS. The utility of the resulting HPS assay for identifying SoC was examined in silico, using BLAST to determine the distribution of gene targets among closed Salmonella genome sequences in GenBank (n = 2,192 representing 148 serotypes) and by assaying 1,303 Salmonella (69 serotypes), isolated from FSIS regulatory samples.Results and discussionComparison of serotypes identified by the assay as HPS, with those identified as SoC, produced an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 92.2% with a specificity of 96% and a positive predictive value of 97.4%, indicating the HPS assay has strong ability to identify SoC. The data presented lay the groundwork for development of rapid commercial assays for the detection of SoC.
Probiotic Bacillus pumilus LV149 enhances gut repair, modulates microbiota, and alters transcriptome in DSS-induced colitis mice
Authors: Sun Xinyu , Yun Long , Xie Keming , Liu Renhui , Ren Xinyue , Zeng Bokun , Cao Xudong , Li Zhi , Zhou Guihao , Liu Bang , Peng Luo , Yuan Lihong 
Published: January 2025

PurposeGut microbiota dysbiosis significantly impacts ulcerative colitis (UC) progression and exacerbation. Probiotics show promise in UC management. This study evaluated the effects of different doses of Bacillus pumilus LV149, an aquatic-derived probiotic, on gut injury repair in male C57BL/6 mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) and investigated the underlying mechanisms.MethodsUC was induced by allowing mice free access to a 3% DSS solution for 7 days, with concurrent daily oral gavage of either a low (LV149-L, 1 × 108 CFU/day/mouse) or high (LV149-H, 1 × 109 CFU/day/mouse) dose of LV149. The effects were assessed through physiological parameters, intestinal barrier integrity, inflammation, gut microbiota composition, and transcriptomic changes.ResultsLV149 significantly improved pathological symptoms, including weight loss and disease activity index (DAI), and reduced colon shortening in a dose-dependent manner and inflammatory damage. The intervention also restored gut barrier function by upregulating mucins, goblet cell counts, and tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1) in colonic tissue, along with reducing serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. Notably, only the LV149-H significantly decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, while both doses increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in a dose-dependent in colonic tissue. LV149 further modulated the gut microbiota, increasing beneficial bacteria and reducing pathogenic populations. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that LV149-L may exert gut repair effects via the IL-17 signaling pathway, whereas LV149-H appears to act through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that LV149, particularly at a higher dose, effectively mitigated DSS-induced colonic injury by modulating gut microbiota, enhancing gut barrier integrity, and reducing inflammation. The dose-dependent effects underscored LV149-H’s potential as a therapeutic agent for UC due to its stronger anti-inflammatory properties and gut-protective effects.
Detection of antimicrobial resistance in Glaesserella parasuis in South China using whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Ge Qianwen , Fang Liangxing , Yu Yang , Sun Ruanyang , Liao Xiaoping , Zhang Peng 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionGlaesserella parasuis causes Glässer’s disease in pigs, a leading cause of death in swine herds and a major contributor to economic losses in the global swine industry. Although several studies have investigated antimicrobial resistance in G. parasuis, the correlation between phenotypic and genotypic resistance remains unclear due to incomplete genetic resistance mechanisms detection.MethodsThe susceptibility of 117 clinical G. parasuis isolates to 7 antimicrobials was determined using a broth microdilution method. The sequences of 48 resistant isolates were obtained by whole-genome sequencing. Resistance genes, mutations, and group 1 vtaAs were detected based on whole-genome sequence data. Sequence types (STs) were identified by multilocus sequence typing (MLST).ResultsPhenotypic analysis showed that most isolates were susceptible to the tested antibiotics; resistance was most common against tetracycline (27%) and enrofloxacin (20%). All isolates were susceptible to ceftiofur. Analysis of whole-genome sequences revealed that resistance to tetracycline, amoxicillin, erythromycin, florfenicol, and chloramphenicol was frequently associated with the resistance genes tet(B) or tet(H), blaROB–1, erm(T), floR, and catA3, and enrofloxacin resistance was associated with mutations in GyrA, ParC, and ParE. MLST identified 25 STs, of which, 14 were novel. The sequenced strains were divided into two primary lineages, LI and LII. Group 1 vtaA genes were detected in 87.5% (n = 42) of the isolates.ConclusionThis study provides comprehensive insights into the molecular mechanisms responsible for drug resistance in G. parasuis, the characteristics of molecular epidemiology, and the virulence of resistant groups. Our findings can aid in the development of G. parasuis-specific clinical breakpoints and inform strategies for managing antimicrobial resistance in swine herds.
Lipopolysaccharide affects metabolic processes and energy homeostasis in the corpus luteum
Authors: Mierzejewski Karol , Stryiński Robert , Bogacka Iwona , Golubska Monika , Carrera Mónica , Kurzynska Aleksandra 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionChronic inflammation caused by Escherichia coli infections has a significant negative impact on the reproductive system and impairs fertility. The corpus luteum (CL) plays a central role not only in regulating the ovary cycle, but also in implantation of the embryo and maintenance of early pregnancy through the secretion of progesterone. Understanding the intricate interplay between inflammatory processes and reproductive organ’s function is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic strategies to alleviate reproductive disorders and improve fertility.MethodsThe aim of this study was to determine the in vitro effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the proteomic profile of the porcine CL in the mid-luteal phase of the estrous cycle using LC-MS/MS analysis. The CL slices were incubated in the presence of LPS for 24 h.ResultsWe identified 12 differentially regulated proteins after treatment with LPS (7 of them were upregulated, while 5 were downregulated). The analysis showed that these proteins are involved in processes such as glucose metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), detoxification processes as well as steroid biosynthesis in the CL. Moreover, we demonstrated that LPS decreases glucose levels and increases progesterone levels in the CL.ConclusionThese findings suggest that LPS modulates key metabolic pathways in the CL, potentially impacting its functional activity.
Age-related differences of subjective visual vertical perception in adults—a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Lu Jun , Gong Xiang , Wang Meng-Huan , Zhao Ruo-Xin , Wang Yu-Chen , Shen Ying-Ying , Cao Rong , Xu Guang-Xu 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe perception of Subjective Visual Vertical (SVV) is crucial for postural orientation and significantly reflects an individual’s postural control ability, relying on vestibular, visual, and somatic sensory inputs to assess the Earth’s gravity line. The neural mechanisms and aging effects on SVV perception, however, remain unclear.ObjectiveThis study seeks to examine aging-related changes in SVV perception and uncover its neurological underpinnings through functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).MethodsIn a comparative study of 19 young and 19 older adults, the standardized SVV task executed in Eprime 3.0 software evaluated participants’ SVV orientation and uncertainty. Cortical responses were monitored via fNIRS during the task, with block averaging analysis employed to delineate the associated hemodynamic responses. The study further correlated these neuroimaging findings with behavioral measures.ResultsYoung individuals exhibit superior accuracy and stability in perceiving the subjective visual vertical (SVV) direction. Neuroimaging data, adjusted for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate, reveal activation of the right supramarginal gyrus (SMG) and the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (SFGdor) in both age groups during SVV tasks. However, older participants show additional activation in regions such as the bilateral postcentral gyrus (PoCG) and the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG). Lateralization studies indicate that young participants predominantly exhibit right lateralization in sensory and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, with left lateralization in the motor cortex. In contrast, elderly participants demonstrate bilateral dominance across sensory, dorsolateral prefrontal, and motor cortices. Correlational analyses link modified SVV metrics to the activation levels of various brain regions, with negative correlations observed in both age groups, and a unique positive correlation with the left inferior frontal gyrus of the triangular part (IFGtriang) in young participants.ConclusionYoung individuals outperform the older individuals in SVV performance due to age-related differences in brain functional patterns during the execution of vertical perception judgment. Both age groups activate the right SMG and left SFGdor, but the older individuals additionally activate regions such as bilateral PoCG and right MFG. While young people exhibit right-brain dominance, the older people rely on bilateral cognitive resources, indicating bilateral dominance. Except for the left IFGtriang in the young, higher activation in brain regions correlates with better SVV performance.