bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical usefulness of reintubation criteria in extremely preterm infants: a cohort study
Authors: Alarcon-Martinez Tugba , Latremouille Samantha , Kovacs Lajos , Kearney Robert E , Sant’Anna Guilherme M , Shalish Wissam 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo describe the thresholds of instability used by clinicians at reintubation and evaluate the accuracy of different combinations of criteria in predicting reintubation decisions.DesignSecondary analysis using data obtained from the prospective observational Automated Prediction of Extubation Readiness study (NCT01909947) between 2013 and 2018.SettingMulticentre (three neonatal intensive care units).PatientsInfants with birth weight ≤1250 g, mechanically ventilated and undergoing their first planned extubation were included.InterventionsAfter extubation, hourly O2requirements, blood gas values and occurrence of cardiorespiratory events requiring intervention were recorded for 14 days or until reintubation, whichever came first.Main outcome measuresThresholds at reintubation were described and grouped into four categories: increased O2, respiratory acidosis, frequent cardiorespiratory events and severe cardiorespiratory events (requiring positive pressure ventilation). An automated algorithm was used to generate multiple combinations of criteria from the four categories and compute their accuracies in capturing reintubated infants (sensitivity) without including non-reintubated infants (specificity).Results55 infants were reintubated (median gestational age 25.2 weeks (IQR 24.5–26.1 weeks), birth weight 750 g (IQR 640–880 g)), with highly variable thresholds at reintubation. After extubation, reintubated infants had significantly greater O2needs, lower pH, higher pCO2and more frequent and severe cardiorespiratory events compared with non-reintubated infants. After evaluating 123 374 combinations of reintubation criteria, Youden indices ranged from 0 to 0.46, suggesting low accuracy. This was primarily attributable to the poor agreement between clinicians on the number of cardiorespiratory events at which to reintubate.ConclusionsCriteria used for reintubation in clinical practice are highly variable, with no combination accurately predicting the decision to reintubate.
Generalised joint hypermobility leads to increased odds of sustaining a second ACL injury within 12 months of return to sport after ACL reconstruction
Authors: Zsidai Bálint , Piussi Ramana , Thomeé Roland , Sundemo David , Musahl Volker , Samuelsson Kristian , Hamrin Senorski Eric 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesTo determine the 12-month risk of a second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in a population of patients with and without generalised joint hypermobility (GJH) who return to sports (RTS) at competition level after ACL reconstruction (ACL-R).MethodsData were extracted from a rehabilitation-specific registry for 16–50-year-old patients treated with ACL-R between 2014 and 2019. Demographics, outcome data and the incidence of a second ACL injury within 12 months of RTS, defined as a new ipsilateral or contralateral ACL, were compared between patients with and without GJH. Univariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were performed to determine the influence of GJH and time of RTS on the odds of a second ACL injury, and ACL-R survival without a second ACL injury after RTS.ResultsA total of 153 patients, 50 (22.2%) with GJH and 175 (77.8%) without GJH, were included. Within 12 months of RTS, 7 (14.0%) patients with GJH and 5 (2.9%) without GJH had a second ACL injury (p=0.012). The odds of sustaining a second ipsilateral or contralateral ACL injury were 5.53 (95% CI 1.67 to 18.29) higher in patients with GJH compared with patients without GJH (p=0.014). The lifetime HR of a second ACL injury after RTS was 4.24 (95% CI 2.05 to 8.80; p=0.0001) in patients with GJH. No between-group differences were observed in patient-reported outcome measures.ConclusionPatients with GJH undergoing ACL-R have over five times greater odds of sustaining a second ACL injury after RTS. The importance of joint laxity assessment should be emphasised in patients who aim to return to high-intensity sports following ACL-R.
Deep learning-based cerebral aneurysm segmentation and morphological analysis with three-dimensional rotational angiography
Authors: Nishi Hidehisa , Cancelliere Nicole M , Rustici Ariana , Charbonnier Guillaume , Chan Vanessa , Spears Julian , Marotta Thomas R , Mendes Pereira Vitor 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe morphological assessment of cerebral aneurysms based on cerebral angiography is an essential step when planning strategy and device selection in endovascular treatment, but manual evaluation by human raters only has moderate interrater/intrarater reliability.MethodsWe collected data for 889 cerebral angiograms from consecutive patients with suspected cerebral aneurysms at our institution from January 2017 to October 2021. The automatic morphological analysis model was developed on the derivation cohort dataset consisting of 388 scans with 437 aneurysms, and the performance of the model was tested on the validation cohort dataset consisting of 96 scans with 124 aneurysms. Five clinically important parameters were automatically calculated by the model: aneurysm volume, maximum aneurysm size, neck size, aneurysm height, and aspect ratio.ResultsOn the validation cohort dataset the average aneurysm size was 7.9±4.6 mm. The proposed model displayed high segmentation accuracy with a mean Dice similarity index of 0.87 (median 0.93). All the morphological parameters were significantly correlated with the reference standard (all P<0.0001; Pearson correlation analysis). The difference in the maximum aneurysm size between the model prediction and reference standard was 0.5±0.7 mm (mean±SD). The difference in neck size between the model prediction and reference standard was 0.8±1.7 mm (mean±SD).ConclusionThe automatic aneurysm analysis model based on angiography data exhibited high accuracy for evaluating the morphological characteristics of cerebral aneurysms.
Transvenous retrograde pressure cooker technique for embolization of an ethmoidal dural arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Cheng How-Chung , Bodani Vivek P , Chung Emily , Mosimann Pascal John 
Published: May 2023

SummaryEthmoidal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are rare lesions, accounting for approximately 10% of intracranial DAVFs.1 2 As ethmoidal DAVFs commonly demonstrate cortical venous drainage, treatment is always warranted.2–6 Endovascular transvenous embolization has been increasingly reported as an effective and safe treatment for ethmoidal DAVFs, and since occlusion of the central retinal artery and resulting blindness are not a concern, it has an advantage over transarterial embolization.3–6 To ensure curative embolization, we adopted the transvenous retrograde pressure cooker technique (RPCT), creating a plug with n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) in the draining vein to allow a more comprehensive and efficient injection of Onyx (Medtronic, MN) while avoiding excessive reflux.7 8 In this technical video (video 1), we report the first case using the transvenous RPCT for successful Onyx embolization of an ethmoidal DAVF, with emphasis on the technical nuances of the RPCT and important tips to avoid periprocedural complications.Video 1 Video demonstrating Onyx embolization of an ethmoidal dural arteriovenous fistula using the transvenous retrograde pressure cooker technique.
Is it possible to distinguish between different black hole solutions using the Shapiro time delay?
Authors: Junior Ednaldo L. B. , Rodrigues Manuel E. , Vieira Henrique A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper we propose to use the Shapiro time delay as a tool to distinguish between different black hole solutions. We calculate the analytic Shapiro time using first order expansions for four solutions. These are Schwarzschild, Reissner–Nordström, Bardeen, and Ayón-Beato and García. We created a numerical experiment based on measurements in the solar system consisting of the outward and return paths of light traversing a black hole at the center. We obtained different delay times on the order of $$10^{-4}~\hbox {s}$$

10

-
4

s

and $$10^{-6}~\hbox {s}$$

10

-
6

s

for a stellar black hole; and variations on the order of hours for a supermassive hole. Considering that the accuracies currently achieved in solar system measurements are on the order of $$10^{-12}~\hbox {s}$$

10

-
12

s

, we believe that this mechanism could be used in the determination of black hole models in the near future.
Differences in Follicle Development and Hormone Dynamics Between Controlled Ovarian Stimulation (COS) Using Follitropin Delta and that Using Follitropin Alfa
Authors: Kobanawa Masato , Yoshida Joji 
Published: May 2023

Background: We compared the performance of follitropin delta and follitropin alfa in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol for controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and discussed the distinctive features of follitropin delta in COS. Methods: Patients underwent COS using the GnRH antagonist protocol with either recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and oocytes were retrieved. We compared the results of COS, oocyte pick up, fertilization, embryo culture, and clinical pregnancy between the follitropin alfa group and the follitropin delta group. Results: The serum estrogen level at trigger was significantly lower in the delta than in the alfa group (3,576.69 ± 1,775.60 vs. 2,833.19 ± 1,567.88) as was serum P4 level (2.14 ± 1.26 vs. 1.19 ± 0.85). The stimulation duration (in days) were longer (12.97 ± 2.38 vs. 13.96 ± 2.26) and total gonadotropin dose significantly lower (199.69 ± 54.47 vs. 114.27 ± 39.92), respectively, in the delta group than in the alfa group. The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) rate was significantly lower in the delta than in the alfa group (48.1% vs. 58.6%). Fertilization, good blastocyst, and clinical pregnancy rates were not significantly different. COS using follitropin delta is characterized by significantly slower follicle development than COS using follitropin alfa. A comparison of developing follicles showed that the minimum follicle was significantly smaller in the delta group on days 6–8 of COS. The maximum follicle was significantly smaller in the delta group on days 6–8 and 11–13 of COS. The number of follicles larger than 14 mm was significantly lower in the delta group on days 6–8 of COS. Conclusions: Using follitropin delta is associated with slow follicular development, slow serum E2 elevation, and longer stimulation duration; however, excessive elevation of serum estrogen levels during COS is reduced and so is the incidence of mild OHSS.
Protein Biomarkers of New-Onset Heart Failure: Insights From the Heart Omics and Ageing Cohort, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, and the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Girerd Nicolas , Levy Daniel , Duarte Kevin , Ferreira Joao Pedro , Ballantyne Christie , Collier Timothy , Pizard Anne , Björkman Jens , Butler Javed , Clark Andrew , Cleland John G. , Delles Christian , Diez Javier , González Arantxa , Hazebroek Mark , Ho Jennifer , Huby Anne-Cécile , Hwang Shih-Jen , Latini Roberto , Mariottoni Beatrice , Mebazaa Alexandre , Pellicori Pierpaolo , Sattar Naveed , Sever Peter , Staessen Jan A. , Verdonschot Job , Heymans Stephane , Rossignol Patrick , Zannad Faiez 
Published: May 2023

Background:
We sought to identify protein biomarkers of new-onset heart failure (HF) in 3 independent cohorts (HOMAGE cohort [Heart Omics and Ageing], ARIC study [Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities], and FHS [Framingham Heart Study]) and assess if and to what extent they improve HF risk prediction compared to clinical risk factors alone.

Methods:
A nested case-control design was used with cases (incident HF) and controls (without HF) matched on age and sex within each cohort. Plasma concentrations of 276 proteins were measured at baseline in ARIC (250 cases/250 controls), FHS (191/191), and HOMAGE cohort (562/871).

Results:

In single protein analysis, after adjusting for matching variables and clinical risk factors (and correcting for multiple testing), 62 proteins were associated with incident HF in ARIC, 16 in FHS, and 116 in HOMAGE cohort. Proteins associated with incident HF in all cohorts were BNP (brain natriuretic peptide), NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-BP1 (4E-binding protein 1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), Gal-9 (galectin-9), TGF-alpha (transforming growth factor alpha), THBS2 (thrombospondin-2), and U-PAR (urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor). The increment in
C
-index for incident HF based on a multiprotein biomarker approach, in addition to clinical risk factors and NT-proBNP, was 11.1% (7.5%–14.7%) in ARIC, 5.9% (2.6%–9.2%) in FHS, and 7.5% (5.4%–9.5%) in HOMAGE cohort, all
P
<0.001), each of which was a larger increase than that for NT-proBNP on top of clinical risk factors. Complex network analysis revealed a number of overrepresented pathways related to inflammation (eg, tumor necrosis factor and interleukin) and remodeling (eg, extracellular matrix and apoptosis).

Conclusions:
A multiprotein biomarker approach improves prediction of incident HF when added to natriuretic peptides and clinical risk factors.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction and Nonsevere Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Ludwig Sebastian , Schofer Niklas , Abdel-Wahab Mohamed , Urena Marina , Jean Guillaume , Renker Matthias , Hamm Christian W. , Thiele Holger , Iung Bernard , Ooms Joris F. , Wiessman Maya , Mogensen Nils S.B. , Longère Benjamin , Perrin Nils , Ben Ali Walid , Coisne Augustin , Dahl Jordi S. , Van Mieghem Nicolas M. , Kornowski Ran , Kim Won-Keun , Clavel Marie-Annick 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The potential benefit of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with nonsevere aortic stenosis (AS) and heart failure is controversial. This study aimed to assess outcomes of patients with nonsevere low-gradient AS (LGAS) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction undergoing TAVR or medical management.

Methods:
Patients undergoing TAVR for LGAS and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (<50%) were included in a multinational registry. True-severe low-gradient AS (TS-LGAS) and pseudo-severe low-gradient AS (PS-LGAS) were classified according to computed tomography-derived aortic valve calcification thresholds. A medical control group with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and moderate AS or PS-LGAS was used (Medical-Mod). Adjusted outcomes between all groups were compared. Among patients with nonsevere AS (moderate or PS-LGAS), outcomes after TAVR and medical therapy were compared using propensity score-matching.

Results:

A total of 706 LGAS patients undergoing TAVR (TS-LGAS, N=527; PS-LGAS, N=179) and 470 Medical-Mod patients were included. After adjustment, both TAVR groups showed superior survival compared with Medical-Mod patients (all
P
<0.001), while no difference was found between TS-LGAS and PS-LGAS TAVR patients (
P
=0.96). After propensity score-matching among patients with nonsevere AS, PS-LGAS TAVR patients showed superior 2-year overall (65.4%) and cardiovascular survival (80.4%) compared with Medical-Mod patients (48.8% and 58.5%, both
P
≤0.004). In a multivariable analysis including all patients with nonsevere AS, TAVR was an independent predictor of survival (hazard ratio, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.27–0.55];
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions:
Among patients with nonsevere AS and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, TAVR represents a major predictor of superior survival. These results reinforce the need for randomized-controlled trials comparing TAVR versus medical management in heart failure patients with nonsevere AS.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04914481.
School Lunch Advisory Councils’ use of behavioural economics influences vegetable selection and waste
Authors: Byker Shanks Carmen , Stenberg Molly , Bark Katie , Izumi Betty , Hoff Casey , Parks Courtney A 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption is low among adolescents, and waste of these foods is high in school cafeterias. The objective of this research was to determine the impact of behavioural economic strategies and structural lunchroom changes on FV selection and waste in high-school lunch programmes using the collaborative efforts of teachers, food service directors and students. Methods: A pre-post quasi-experimental design was used to collect plate waste data for 3 days in the autumn and 3 days in the spring semesters. Five high-school cafeterias from three rural and two urban counties in Montana participated. School Lunch Advisory Councils selected and implemented behavioural economic strategies that focused on increasing selection and decreasing waste of FVs served on the main service line and salad bar. Plate waste data were collected using direct weighing and the quarter-waste method. Preintervention to postintervention plate waste amounts were compared using descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Vegetable selection at the salad bar significantly increased ( p < .05). Vegetable waste significantly decreased at the main service line ( p < .05). Fruit selection and waste did not significantly change. Conclusion: Changes in the lunchroom environment through behavioural economic strategies provide one avenue to increase selection and decrease waste of vegetables, ultimately influencing overall dietary quality among high-school students and creating more sustainable food systems.
Rap and Brazilian Popular Music as Movements of Social Protest in Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Hellen 
Published: May 2023

A social and historical reconstruction based on music observes the contemporary arrangement of Brazilian rap, its role in current social movements, and how its productions inform social and political relations in Brazil. Uma reconstrução social e histórica a partir da música observa-se o arranjo contemporâneo do rap brasileiro, sua implicação nos movimentos sociais atuais, e como suas produções informam sobre as relações sociais e políticas no Brasil.
Differential Effects of ADHD Polygenic Risk on Cognitive Performance in Later Life
Authors: Mansoor Marrium , Katz Benjamin 
Published: May 2023

Objective: Understanding the association between polygenic risk for ADHD and cognition throughout aging has not been widely studied. This study aimed to determine whether ADHD risk influences cognitive performance among individuals at both young-old and middle-old age. Method: Participants from the Health and Retirement Study, a biennial survey of 20,000 Americans, were compared on executive function and delayed recall measures using regression analyses. Results: There was no significant effect of ADHD risk on memory at both age waves for African-ancestry (AA; n = 403) and European-ancestry (EA; n = 2,286). There was, however, a significant association between ADHD risk and performance on executive function for EA at middle-old age ( p = .028), but not young-old age; no such association was observed for AA adults. Conclusion: This finding suggests that ADHD risk may differentially influence cognition among older adults throughout the aging process, with important implications for future research.
Acute Kidney Injury Following Revascularization in Patients With Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia and Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease: Insights From the NSQIP Database at 30-Day Follow-Up
Authors: Stavroulakis Konstantinos , Tsilimparis Nikolaos , Saratzis Athanasios , Rantner Barbara , Stana Jan , Dayama Anand , Davies Mark G. , Gouveia e Melo Ryan 
Published: May 2023

Background: Patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at risk of developing renal injury following revascularization. We aimed to compare the risk of adverse renal events following endovascular revascularization (ER) or open surgery (OS) in patients with CLTI and CKD. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) databases (2011–2017) was performed including patients with CLTI and non-dialysis-dependent CKD, comparing ER to OS. The primary outcome was a composite of postprocedural kidney injury or failure within 30 days. Thirty-day mortality, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), amputation, readmission or target lesion revascularization (TLR) were compared using multivariate logistic regression and propensity-score matched analysis. Results: A total of 5009 patients were included (ER: 2361; OS: 3409). The risk for the composite primary outcome was comparable between groups (odds ratio [OR]: 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.53-1.17) as for kidney injury (n=54, OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.39-1.19) or failure (n=55, OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.39-1.19). In the adjusted regression, a significant benefit was observed with ER for the primary outcome (OR: 0.60, p=0.018) and renal failure (OR: 0.50, p=0.025), but not for renal injury (OR: 0.76, p=0.34). Lower rates of MACCE, TLR, and readmissions were observed after ER. Thirty-day mortality and major amputation rates did not differ. In the propensity score analysis, revascularization strategy was not associated with renal injury or failure. Conclusions: In this cohort, the incidence of renal events within 30 days of revascularization in CLTI was low and comparable between ER and OR. Clinical Impact In a cohort of 5009 patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia and non-end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD), postprocedural kidney injury or failure within 30 days was comparable between patients submitted to open or endovascular revascularization (ER). Lower rates of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, target lesion revascularization, and readmissions were observed after endovascular revascularization. Based on these findings, ER should not be avoided due to fear of worsening renal function in CKD patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. In fact, these patients benefit more from ER regarding cardiovascular outcomes with no increased risk of kidney injury.