bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angiographic findings in unstable angina and prediction of 1-year risk of recurrent acute coronary syndrome or death: A Nationwide Machine Learning Study
Authors: Råmunddal Truls , Rawshani Araz , Redfors Björn , Petursson Petur , Angerås Oskar , Hirleka Geir , Ioanes Dan , Odenstedt Jacob , Dworeck Christian , Völz Sebastian , Myredal Anna 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
We studied whether machine learning could predict survival, risk of future acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and coronary angiographic (CAG) findings in patients with unstable angina (UA). We also studied whether high-sensitivity troponin levels within normal range can predict the presence of obstructive coronary lesions, risk of future ACS and death.
Methods
We used the SWEDEHEART registry to include patients admitted to the coronary care unit due to chest pain, with normal high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T or I (hs-cTnI, hs-cTnT), who underwent CAG and did not receive a final diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We studied CAG findings on segmental level, developed machine learning models predicting the risk of ACS or death within 1-year, and angiographic findings. The latter model predicted CAG resulting in interventions (any) or eliciting further assessments after CAG. Models for ACS and death included 130 candidate predictors and models for angiographic findings included 110 predictors.
Results
We included 9’314 patients; 1-year rate of death was 0.9% (n=78) and ACS was 2.7% (n=251). A total of 5455 (61.5%) of CAG resulted in no intervention and no further assessment afterwards, with 40% without significant stenosis. There was a strong association between hs-cTnI (within normal range) and severity of coronary atherosclerosis; e.g 32.4% in patients with hs-cTnI 26-35 ng/L had >50% stenosis in segment 6, as compared with 12.6% in those with hs-cTnI 0-5 ng/L. All segments displayed similar associations with troponin levels. Among 17 predictors for atherosclerosis, hs-cTnI was the strongest predictor of having >50% stenosis in the left anterior descending artery (LAD). Mortality increased at hs-cTnI levels above 10 ng/L for men, but not women. Age and sex adjusted hazard ratio for hs-cTnI 25-35 vs hs-TnI 0-5 was 5.73 (2.14-15.35) for 1-year mortality. No association was noted for hs-cTnT. The strongest predictors of 1-year mortality were C-reactive protein, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Conclusion
Troponin levels within normal range exhibit a strong association with obstructive CAD and survival.
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of uterine sarcoma: A retrospective 10-year single-center study in China
Authors: Wang Jin-feng , Li Chen , Yang Zhe , Yang Jing-yi , Wang Yue-ling , Ji Jing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Uterine sarcoma is rare and heterogeneous gynecological malignancies characterized by aggressive progression and poor prognosis. The current study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of uterine sarcoma in Chinese patients.
Methods: In this single-center, retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of 75 patients with histologically verified uterine sarcoma treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between 2011 and 2020. Information on clinical characteristics, treatments, pathology, and survival was recorded.
Results: The histopathological types included 36 endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS), 33 leiomyosarcoma (LMS), and 6 adenosarcoma. The mean age at diagnosis was 50.2±10.7 years. Stage I and low histologic grade accounted for the majority. There were 26 recurrences and 25 deaths at the last follow-up. The mean progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 89.41 (95% CI: 76.07-102.75) and 94.03 (95% CI: 81.67-106.38) months, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that >50 years, post-menopause, advanced stage, ≥1/2myometrial invasion, lymphovascular space invasion, and high gradewere associated with shorter survival of uterine sarcoma (P<0.05). Ultrasonic blood flow signals of the tumor were associated with shorter PFS in the LMS group (P=0.046). The ESS group had longer PFS than the LMS group (99.56 vs 76.05 months, P=0.043). The multivariate analysis showed that post-menopause and advanced stage were independent risk factors of both PFS and OS in the total patients and in the LMS group. In the ESS group, diagnosis age >50 years and high histologic grade were independent risk factors of PFS, while high histologic grade and lymphovascular space invasion were independent risk factors of OS.
Discussion: In Chinese patients with uterine sarcoma, post-menopause, and advanced stages are associated with a significantly poorer prognosis. The prognosis of ESS is better than LMS.
Total keratometry is not better than standard keratometry: An IOL refractive prediction outcome evaluation for cataract surgery
Authors: Zhao He , Chen Xu , Liu Bo , Liu Xi , Liu Yong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate if total keratometry (TK) is better than standard keratometry (K) for predicting an accurate intraocular lens (IOL) refractive outcome for cataract surgery in four IOL power calculation formulas.
Methods
449 eyes that underwent monofocal intraocular lens implantation were enrolled in this study. IOLMaster 700 was used for optical biometry. Median absolute prediction error (MedAE), mean absolute error (MAE), median absolute prediction error (MedAE), proportions of eyes within ± 0.25 diopters (D), ± 0.50 D, ± 0.75 D, ± 1.00 D, ± 2.00 D adjusted prediction error, and formula performance index (FPI) were calculated for each K- and TK-based formula.
Results
Overall, the accuracy of each TK and K formula was comparable. The MAEs and MedAEs showed no difference between the K-based and the TK-based formula. The percent of eyes within ± 0.25 D for TK was not significantly different from that for K. The analysis of PE across various optical dimensions revealed that TK had no effect on the refractive results in eyes with different preoperative axial length, anterior chamber depth, keratometry, and lens thickness. K-based Barrett Universal II formula performed showed the leading FPI score and had the best refractive prediction outcomes among the four formulas.
Conclusion
In all investigated formulas, the predictive accuracy of TK-based formulas is not superior than that of standard K-based formulas. TK cannot substitute K for IOL power calculation in monofocal IOL implantation cataract surgery.
Screening for the High-Need Population Using Single Institution Versus State-Wide Admissions Discharge Transfer Feed
Authors: Balucan Francis Salvador , French Benjamin , Shi Yaping , Kripalani Sunil , Vasilevskis Eduard E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Access to programs for high-needs patients depending on single-institution electronic health record data (EHR) carries risks of biased sampling. We investigate a statewide admissions, discharge, transfer feed (ADT), in assessing equity in access to these programs.
Methods
This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. We included high-need patients at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), who were 18 years or older, with minimum three emergency visits (ED) or hospitalizations in Tennessee from January 1 to June 30, 2021, including at least one at VUMC. We used the Tennessee ADT database to identify high-need patients with at least one VUMC ED/hospitalization, then compared this population with high-need patients identified using VUMC’s Epic® EHR database. The primary outcome was the sensitivity of VUMC-only criteria for identifying high-need patient when compared to statewide ADT reference standard.
Results
We identified 2549 patients that had at least one ED/hospitalization and were assessed to be high-need based on the statewide ADT. Of those, 2100 had VUMC-only visits, and 449 had VUMC and non-VUMC visits. VUMC-only visit screening criteria showed high sensitivity (99.1%, 95% CI: 98.7% - 99.5%), indicating that the high-needs patients admitted to VUMC infrequently access alternative systems. Results demonstrated no meaningful difference in sensitivity when stratified by patient’s race or insurance.
Conclusions
ADT allows examination for potential selection bias when relying upon single-institution utilization. In VUMC’s high-need patients, there’s minimal selection bias when relying upon same-site utilization. Further research needs to understand how biases may vary by site, and durability over time.
Thalidomide use in dermatological diseases in Brazil
Authors: Miranda Giuliana Angelucci , Martins Eduardo Lacaz , Paschoal Francisco Macedo , Barbosa Caio Parente 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This prospective study on the use of thalidomide in dermatological diseases was conducted at the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of the ABC Medical School and its main goal was to describe and analyze the epidemiological profile of patients using the drug. Given the diversity of diagnoses made in this reference service in Dermatology in Brazil, this study evaluated the variety of dermatological diseases whose improvement is associated with the use of thalidomide, also describing their side effects when reported. Of the 29 patients who used thalidomide for dermatological diseases, 89.6% (26 patients) reported improvement of the lesions and symptoms associated with the dermatological diagnosis, 13.7% (4 patients) reported side effects resulting from the use of the medication and requested suspension of thalidomide. For one of the patients diagnosed with dimorphic Virchowian leprosy and recalcitrant erythema nodosum, the diagnosis of reactional neuritis or neuropathic pain resulting from the use of thalidomide was questioned, and they chose to discontinue the medication. Despite the significant improvement after the use of thalidomide in dermatological diseases in patients of the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of ABC Medical School, it is worth highlighting that, due to the known adverse effects, particularly teratogenicity and neurotoxicity, there is still much controversy surrounding the use of this drug. In this sense, its clinical use must be carefully evaluated and carefully considered regarding the risk-benefit ratio, especially in cases of patients with prior neuropathy and in women of childbearing age.
Structuring the relationship between subjective well-being and psychological factors in Japan and the United States
Authors: Kitashima Chiho , Kunitomo Takashi , Maeno Takashi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to clarify the structure of subjective well-being in post-COVID-19 and to provide baseline information for future studies. To this end, we clarified the structure of subjective well-being (SWB) based on psychological factors that affect SWB. The Japanese and English versions of the scale were developed, and the scale and the SWB were also used to determine the cultural characteristics of the Japanese and U.S. participants.
Methods and Results
In Study 1, we administered a questionnaire to 1721 participants in Japan (aged 20–79 years). A total of 107 psychological factors that were shown to influence SWB in previous studies were selected, and factor analysis was conducted on items that showed an association with SWB. The results revealed four relevant factors: 1) Accepting what is, 2) Grateful for connections, 3) Ikigai/Life fulfillment, and 4) Love for self. In Study 2, we developed Japanese and English versions of the four-factor well-being scale that was clarified in Study 1 and administered them to participants in Japan and the U.S. In Study 3, we identified comparative cultural trends in SWB and the four-factor well-being in Japan and the U.S. (Japan: n = 2628; U.S.: n = 2617).
Conclusions
This novel study is the first cohort study to capture the characteristics of contemporary SWB during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through this study, we provide a new perspective on the structural elements of SWB in people living today.
Design and Evaluation of Crowd-sourcing Platforms Based on Users’ Confidence Judgments
Authors: Ahmadabadi Samin Nili , Haghifam Maryam , Shah-Mansouri Vahid , Ershadmanesh Sara 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Crowd-sourcing deals with solving problems by assigning them to a large number of non-experts called crowd using their spare time. In these systems, the final answer to the question is determined by summing up the votes obtained from the community. The popularity of using these systems has increased by facilitation of access to community members through mobile phones and the Internet.
One of the issues raised in crowd-sourcing is how to choose people and how to collect answers. Usually, the separation of users is done based on their performance in a pre-test. Designing the pre-test for performance calculation is challenging; The pre-test questions should be chosen in a way that they test the characteristics in people related to the main questions. One of the ways to increase the accuracy of crowd-sourcing systems is to pay attention to people's cognitive characteristics and decision-making model to form a crowd and improve the estimation of the accuracy of their answers to questions. People can estimate the correctness of their responses while making a decision. The accuracy of this estimate is determined by a quantity called metacognition ability. Metacoginition is referred to the case where the confidence level is considered along with the answer to increase the accuracy of the solution1. In this paper, by both mathematical and experimental analysis, we would answer the following question: Is it possible to improve the performance of the crowd-sourcing system by knowing the metacognition of individuals and recording and using the users' confidence in their answers?
Inter-species metabolic interactions in cheese flavour
formation
Authors: Melkonian Chrats , Zorrilla Francisco , Kjærbølling Inge , Blasche Sonja , Machado Daniel , Junge Mette , Soerensen Kim , Andersen Lene , Patil Kiran , Zeidan Ahmad 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Cheese fermentation and flavour formation are governed by complex biochemical reactions driven by polymicrobial activity. While the compositional dynamics of cheese microbiomes is relatively well mapped, the mechanistic role of microbial interactions in flavour formation is yet unknown. We microbially and metabolically characterised a year-long Cheddar cheese process using a commonly used starter culture containing Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus strains. By using an experimental strategy whereby certain strains were left out from the starting mixture, we identified the critical role of S. thermophilus in boosting Lactococcus growth and in shaping flavour compound profile. Controlled milk fermentations with systematic exclusion of single Lactococcus strains, combined with genomics, genome-scale metabolic modelling, and metatranscriptomics, indicated that proteolytic activity of S. thermophilus relieves nitrogen limitation for Lactococcus and boosts de novo nucleotide biosynthesis. While S. thermophilus had large contribution to the flavour profile, L. cremoris also played a role by limiting diacetyl and acetoin formation which leads to off-flavour when in excess. This off-flavour control could be attributed to different metabolic re-routing of citrate between L. cremoris and other L. lactis strains. Further, closely related L. lactis strains exhibited different interaction patterns with S. thermophilus highlighting the importance of strain-specificity in cheese-making. Overall, our results bring forward the critical role of competitive and cooperative microbial interactions shaping cheese flavour profile.
An Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology resident education program to address gaps in the knowledge, screening, and treatment of Postpartum Mood and Anxiety Disorder (PMAD)
Authors: McNally Stephanie , Miller Jack , Patel Vidhi , Hy Jonathan , Shrivastava Sneha , Pekmekzaris Renee 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Prenatal mood and anxiety disorders has been shown to cause significant problems for caregivers, their newborn and children. Despite this widespread issue, only 55% of healthcare providers assess for these symptoms/disorders. Methods: We implemented a program designed to educate Obstetrics & Gynecology resident physicians about the symptoms of prenatal mood and anxiety disorders as well as interventions for validated screening and treatment modalities. Results: A total of 49 residents participated in this training program. This resulted in an improvement in foundational knowledge, notably the recognition of postpartum blues versus depression, as well as understanding how to screen for postpartum depression. Conclusions: The program increased resident confidence in recognizing and treating prenatal mood and anxiety disorders.
A New Standoff-Factor Formula for Orthovoltage Radiotherapy Treatments
Authors: Elawadi Abousaleh , AlGendy Reham , AlMohsen Safa , Alqethami Nawal , Mohamed Rehah , Alshanqity Mukhtar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Orthovoltage x-rays are useful for the treatment of some superficial cancers and benign conditions. An orthovoltage machine has numerous different applicators (open and closed ended) and energies that require measurements for all different applicator-energy combinations in addition to patient-specific Standoff Factor (SF) measurements, which is arduous and time-consuming. This study aimed to introduce a simple, accurate, and practical method to calculate SF. This factor is usually calculated based on the inverse square law (ISL), which is not an accurate approximation for closed-ended applicators. In this work, we introduced a simple, accurate, and practical method to calculate SF that is valid for both open-ended and closed-ended applicators. Xstrahl 300 therapy unit was used with two sets of Open-ended and Closed-ended applicators with energies up to 300 kVp. The proposed SF empirical formula and ISL were evaluated against the measurements. For open-ended applicators, the maximum Percentage Differences (PD) in calculated SF using the suggested formula and ISL were 2.2% and 3.4% relative to the measurement, respectively. For closed-ended applicators, the maximum PD was 3.2% and -8.1% using the suggested formula and ISL relative to the measurement, respectively. The results demonstrated satisfactory accuracy compared to the measured standoff factor values and superior accuracy when compared to the commonly used ISL method, particularly for closed-ended applicators. The study concluded that SF calculated using the proposed formula was in agreement with measured SF at clinically relevant standoff distances for all energies and applicators combinations. Thus, we recommend using this proposed formula for SF calculations.
The Critical Trigger for Cognitive Penetration: Cognitive Processing Priority over Perceptual Processing
Authors: Liao Jiejie , Yang Yidong , Han Zhili , Mo Lei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The visual perception system of humans is susceptible to cognitive influence, which implies the existence of cognitive perception. However, the specifical trigger for cognitive penetration is still a matter of controversy. The current study proposed that the cognitive processing priority over perceptual processing might be critical for inducing cognitive penetration. We tested this hypothesis by manipulating the processing priority between cognition and perception across three experiments where participants were asked to complete a size judging task under different competing conditions between cognition and perception. To sum up, we proved that the cognitive processing priority over perceptual processing is critical for cognitive penetration. This study provided empirical evidence for the critical trigger for cognitive penetration.
Factors affecting vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium colonization of in-hospital patients in different wards
Authors: Wang Yun-Cheng , Wang Lih-Shinn , Chung Hui-Chun , Tsung Cheng Hsieh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) infection at a medical center in eastern Taiwan rose to 80.6%, exceeding the average prevalence of 55.6% among all medical centers nationwide during the same period. In recent years, the number of cases of VRE infection detected among hospitalized patients has increased annually. However, most of these patients in different wards are asymptomatic carriers. Therefore, restricting active screening to high-risk units will not improve the current situation, and it is necessary to review the risk factors for VRE colonization to provide a reference for future infection control policies. Between 2014 and 2019, there were 3,188 VRE-positive cultures reported at our institution, per the electronic medical records system (EMR). In the medical and surgical wards, patients who received penicillin (odds ratios: 2.84 and 4.16, respectively) and third-generation cephalosporins (odds ratios: 3.17 and 6.19, respectively) were at higher risk of VRE colonization. In intensive care units, the use of carbapenems (odds ratio: 2.08) was the most significant variable. This study demonstrated that the risk factors for VRE colonization differed between wards. Thus, policies should be established according to the attributes of patients in each ward, and active screening tests should be performed according to individual risks, instead of a policy for comprehensive mass screening.
The application value of susceptibility-weighted imaging for neonatal intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Zhang Siqi , Xu Shuming , Wang Ruirui , Wei Lijuan , Wang Biao , Zhang Yong , Guan Hanzhou , Bai Juan , Li Zhiqiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the value of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) for detecting intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
Methods: Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and SWI were performed on 900 newborns clinically suspected of brain lesion. The chi-squared test (χ2) was used to compare the detection rates for different hemorrhage sites between conventional MRI and SWI. Term and preterm infants were also compared using the χ2 test.
Results: The detection rate of ICH for SWI was higher than that for conventional MRI (24.0% vs. 19.8%, P < 0.05). Two cases misdiagnosed as ICH by conventional. MRI were confirmed by SWI to have venous malformation. intraventricular, cerebral cortical, cerebellar and subdural/epidural hemorrhage was identified by SWI at a significantly higher rate than by conventional MRI (P < 0.05). In total, 93 cases of punctate white matter lesions (PWML) were diagnosed by conventional MRI, while SWI identified 8 cases complicated with hemorrhage. The number of hemorrhagic lesions in the germinal matrix and intraventricular of premature infants was higher than in full-term infants, while the number of hemorrhagic lesions in the subarachnoid space was lower than in full-term infants (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: This study showed that SWI is superior to conventional MRI for detecting ICH in neonates.