bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the aging population in the northeastern of Iran
Authors: Fakhari Ali , Herizchi Sepideh , Sadeghi-Bazargani Homayoun , Amiri Shahrokh , Noorazar Seyed Gholamreza , Mirzajanzade Maryam , Barzegar Habibeh , Farahbakhsh Mostafa , Azizi Hosein 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders by demographic characteristics in elderly people is poorly understood, at least in the northwest of Iran. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of various psychiatric disorders in the elderly population in East Azerbaijan Province, Tabriz. A total of 1000 aging people were randomly selected from the general population. Data were collected using valid structured instruments and face-to-face interviews by trained psychologists. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR (SCID-IV) and Abbreviated Mental Test Questionnaire were used. Chi-square (χ2) test was used for categorized variables, and an independent T-test was carried out for quantitative variables.

Results
Overall, 38.5% of the elderly had at least one mental disorder (47.2% women, 27.3% men). The prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and any anxiety disorders was 16.6% (22.4% female and 9.3% male) and 16.7% (23.1% female and 8.6% male), respectively. Likewise, the overall prevalence of any depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), general anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and panic disorders were 21.6%, 7%, 5.3%, and 5.9%, respectively. The prevalence of any mental disorder in the first, second, and third quartiles of the socio-economic level was 54.3%, 37%, and 17.8%, respectively. The prevalence of any mental disorders among the marginalized and the non-marginalized population is 55.3 and 31.5%, respectively.

Conclusions
We found 38.5% (47.2% women, 27.3% men) of the elderly people had any mental disorders, and 21.6% of them had any depressive disorders. The prevalence of mental disorders in elders was almost like adults and middle-aged people in this study. However, the prevalence of mental disorders was higher than in marginalized population and low socio-economic status.
Real-World Validation of Molecular International Prognostic Scoring System for Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Sauta Elisabetta , Robin Marie , Bersanelli Matteo , Travaglino Erica , Meggendorfer Manja , Zhao Lin-Pierre , Caballero Berrocal Juan Carlos , Sala Claudia , Maggioni Giulia , Bernardi Massimo , Di Grazia Carmen , Vago Luca , Rivoli Giulia , Borin Lorenza , D'Amico Saverio , Tentori Cristina Astrid , Ubezio Marta , Campagna Alessia , Russo Antonio , Mannina Daniele , Lanino Luca , Chiusolo Patrizia , Giaccone Luisa , Voso Maria Teresa , Riva Marta , Oliva Esther Natalie , Zampini Matteo , Riva Elena , Nibourel Olivier , Bicchieri Marilena , Bolli Niccolo’ , Rambaldi Alessandro , Passamonti Francesco , Savevski Victor , Santoro Armando , Germing Ulrich , Kordasti Shahram , Santini Valeria , Diez-Campelo Maria , Sanz Guillermo , Sole Francesc , Kern Wolfgang , Platzbecker Uwe , Ades Lionel , Fenaux Pierre , Haferlach Torsten , Castellani Gastone , Della Porta Matteo Giovanni 
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous myeloid neoplasms in which a risk-adapted treatment strategy is needed. Recently, a new clinical-molecular prognostic model, the Molecular International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-M) was proposed to improve the prediction of clinical outcome of the currently available tool (Revised International Prognostic Scoring System [IPSS-R]). We aimed to provide an extensive validation of IPSS-M. METHODS A total of 2,876 patients with primary MDS from the GenoMed4All consortium were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS IPSS-M improved prognostic discrimination across all clinical end points with respect to IPSS-R (concordance was 0.81 v 0.74 for overall survival and 0.89 v 0.76 for leukemia-free survival, respectively). This was true even in those patients without detectable gene mutations. Compared with the IPSS-R based stratification, the IPSS-M risk group changed in 46% of patients (23.6% and 22.4% of subjects were upstaged and downstaged, respectively). In patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), IPSS-M significantly improved the prediction of the risk of disease relapse and the probability of post-transplantation survival versus IPSS-R (concordance was 0.76 v 0.60 for overall survival and 0.89 v 0.70 for probability of relapse, respectively). In high-risk patients treated with hypomethylating agents (HMA), IPSS-M failed to stratify individual probability of response; response duration and probability of survival were inversely related to IPSS-M risk. Finally, we tested the accuracy in predicting IPSS-M when molecular information was missed and we defined a minimum set of 15 relevant genes associated with high performance of the score. CONCLUSION IPSS-M improves MDS prognostication and might result in a more effective selection of candidates to HSCT. Additional factors other than gene mutations can be involved in determining HMA sensitivity. The definition of a minimum set of relevant genes may facilitate the clinical implementation of the score.
Definition and Clinical Significance of the Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance–Like Phenotype in Patients With Monoclonal Gammopathies
Authors: Burgos Leire , Tamariz-Amador Luis-Esteban , Puig Noemi , Cedena Maria-Teresa , Guerrero Camila , Jelínek Tomas , Johnson Sarah , Milani Paolo , Cordon Lourdes , Perez Jose J. , Lasa Marta , Termini Rosalinda , Oriol Albert , Hernandez Miguel-Teodoro , Palomera Luis , Martinez-Martinez Rafael , de la Rubia Javier , de Arriba Felipe , Rios Rafael , Gonzalez Maria-Esther , Gironella Mercedes , Cabañas Valentin , Casanova Maria , Krsnik Isabel , Perez-Montaña Albert , González-Calle Verónica , Rodriguez-Otero Paula , Maisnar Vladimir , Hajek Roman , Van Rhee Fritz , Jimenez-Zepeda Victor , Palladini Giovanni , Merlini Giampaolo , Orfao Alberto , de la Cruz Javier , Martinez-Lopez Joaquin , Lahuerta Juan-Jose , Rosiñol Laura , Blade Joan , Mateos Maria-Victoria , San-Miguel Jesus F. , Paiva Bruno ,   on behalf of the PETHEMA/GEM Cooperative Group
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE The existence of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and light-chain (AL) amyloidosis who present with a monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)–like phenotype has been hypothesized, but methods to identify this subgroup are not standardized and its clinical significance is not properly validated. PATIENTS AND METHODS An algorithm to identify patients having MGUS-like phenotype was developed on the basis of the percentages of total bone marrow (BM) plasma cells (PC) and of clonal PC within the BM PC compartment, determined at diagnosis using flow cytometry in 548 patients with MGUS and 2,011 patients with active MM. The clinical significance of the algorithm was tested and validated in 488 patients with smoldering MM, 3,870 patients with active MM and 211 patients with AL amyloidosis. RESULTS Patients with smoldering MM with MGUS-like phenotype showed significantly lower rates of disease progression (4.5% and 0% at 2 years in two independent series). There were no statistically significant differences in time to progression between treatment versus observation in these patients. In active newly diagnosed MM, MGUS-like phenotype retained independent prognostic value in multivariate analyses of progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; P = .001) and overall survival (OS; HR, 0.56; P = .039), together with International Staging System, lactate dehydrogenase, cytogenetic risk, transplant eligibility, and complete remission status. Transplant-eligible patients with active MM with MGUS-like phenotype showed PFS and OS rates at 5 years of 79% and 96%, respectively. In this subgroup, there were no differences in PFS and OS according to complete remission and measurable residual disease status. Application of the algorithm in two independent series of patients with AL predicted for different survival. CONCLUSION We developed an open-access algorithm for the identification of MGUS-like patients with distinct clinical outcomes. This phenotypic classification could become part of the diagnostic workup of MM and AL amyloidosis.
Algorithmic approach to neuroradiological diagnosis with pre-natal MRI: non-visualization of the fetal cavum septi pellucidi on mid-trimester screening ultrasound
Authors: Goergen Stacy , Furruqh Farha , Evans Rachel , Cicilet Soumya , Mankad Kshitij 
Published: March 2023

This pictorial review provides an algorithmic approach and framework for systematic diagnostic evaluation of the fetus with intrauterine/fetal MRI (iuMRI) failed visualization of the cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) flanked by the septal leaflets (SLs) at the mid-trimester ultrasound. Pitfalls in sonographic diagnosis of normal or abnormal CSP/SLs, iuMR evaluation and differentiation of failed formation from perforation of the SLs, the latter secondary to obstructive hydrocephalus (OH), usually at the cerebral aqueduct, are discussed. Diagnosis with iuMR of malformations associated with obstructive hydrocephalus that are commonly underdiagnosed with ultrasound are highlighted. Failed formation of SLs can be an isolated abnormality or associated with abnormal formation of the corpus callosum, the holoprosencephaly spectrum, malformations of cortical development and Apert Syndrome. Septo-optic dysplasia is absent post-natally in most fetuses with isolated absence of the SLs. We describe the “five spots sign” to evaluate the pituitary and optic nerves on iuMR to help risk stratify the fetus with isolated failed SL formation for the presence of septo-optic dysplasia. This review will help clinicians to provide more accurate, evidence—informed counselling of pregnant females with a fetus who has absence of the SLs. Advances in knowledge: A systematic approach by the radiologist to analysis of imaging and other clinical data in the fetus with absent septal leaflets suspected on ultrasound will improve diagnostic efficiency, accuracy, and pre-natal counselling.
Taking Over the Role of Law Enforcement by National Television: The Case Study of Women’s Strike Protests in Pandemic-Ridden Poland
Authors: Rezmer-Płotka Kamila 
Published: March 2023

The study aims to show how the media took over the role of law enforcement by categorising who and how broke the law during women’s protests. These protests took place during the second wave of the pandemic. It all started with the judgment of the Constitutional Court, which decided to restrict abortion law in Poland. The method used in the study is a qualitative analysis of sources published on Tvp.info. The analysis made it possible to answer the question of how public television assessed and categorised the activity of protesters and why it is possible to talk about taking over the functions of the security services. As a result, the way the protests were reported became a form of mediatised control of protest. The research hypothesis is that National Television, as the ruling party's propaganda tool, was enabled in order to take over the police function of ensuring public order and security in crisis situations in relation to the protests. Based on the analysis, the paper introduces recommendations to the ruling party and subordinated national television in order to restore neutrality and realise the original functions of national television.
Oportunidades y riesgos de colonizar el periodismo con vieja propaganda que circula por las ntic: del caso de Siria a Ucrania
Authors: Sapag Muñoz de la Peña Pablo 
Published: March 2023

Esta investigación identifica y analiza oportunidades y riesgos del uso de nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (ntic) como difusores propagandísticos en conflictos armados, hoy en continuo cambio, aunque no en cuanto a los mensajes persuasivos asociados con ellos. Mediante buscadores como Google se identificaron emisores prolíficos en el uso de ntic en el conflicto de Siria. El modelo de análisis propagandístico de Pizarroso Quintero y un análisis de contenido cualitativo y por inferencia permiten concluir que en “conflictos híbridos” combinar ntic con “vieja propaganda” ofrece resultados dispares. Aunque coloniza el discurso periodístico, también encierra riesgos. Sin filtros externos, los emisores difunden mensajes inconvenientes que lastran su estrategia propagandística. Para los medios, su reproducción acrítica descubre una mala praxis estructural que mina su credibilidad. Este modelo puede ser útil para evaluar la relación entre ntic-vieja propaganda-medios de comunicación periodística en otros conflictos, como el de Ucrania.
Biodegradable temporising matrix: use of negative pressure wound therapy shows a significantly higher success rate
Authors: Austin Cindy L , Draper Brian , Larson Kenneth W , Thompson Simon J 
Published: March 2023

Objective: The purpose of this case series was to evaluate the efficacy of a synthetic biodegradable temporising matrix (BTM; PolyNovo Biomaterials Pty Ltd, Australia) and compare the outcome of BTM patients with and without negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Method: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients admitted with deep full-thickness burns, traumatic or complex wound injuries treated with BTM. Electronic medical records and images were evaluated by a team of clinical professionals. Endpoints included: the measure of successful BTM integration; and comparison between patients treated with and without NPWT. Additional measures were BTM total surface area, BTM sites, timeliness of BTM application and any complications. Results: A total of 28 patients were evaluated and 23 (82.1%) demonstrated overall successful BTM integration. Patients treated with BTM in conjunction with NPWT (n=16) demonstrated a significantly higher (p=0.046) integration rate compared to patients treated without NPWT (n=12) (93.8% versus 58.3%, respectively). Patients treated with BTM with NPWT continued to successfully integrate and sustain favourable outcomes despite the presence of severe infection or the development of haematomas. Conclusion: A significantly higher integration rate was demonstrated when BTM was used in conjunction with NPWT. The results of this study further support the efficacy of successful integration of BTM as a replacement for tissue loss in the treatment of deep, full-thickness burns, traumatic and complex wound injuries, and particularly favourable outcomes with the use of NPWT. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case series comparing the clinical outcomes of BTM with and without the use of NPWT.
The healing effect of topical tea tree oil on pressure ulcers in a rat model
Authors: Oran Nazan Tuna , Alan Nurten , Akokay Pinar , Büyükçoban Sibel , Uğur Ergür Bekir 
Published: March 2023

Objective: The effects of topical tea tree oil (TTO) on the healing of pressure ulcers (PUs) in an animal model was evaluated. Method: To induce PUs, ischaemia-reperfusion cycles were performed by the external application of magnetic plates, with an ischaemic period of eight hours and a reperfusion period of 16 hours. Male and female Wistar rats were divided into three equally sized groups (n=20): one group received topical glycerin twice daily, another group received topical 10% (volume/volume (v/v)) TTO in glycerin twice daily; and the remaining group was untreated. The animals were assessed after one, four, seven and 14 cycles of ischaemia-reperfusion by thermal camera imaging, and then euthanised and sampled to investigate the degree of inflammation, collagen synthesis and apoptosis in the PUs. Results: Although topical glycerin alone suppressed local inflammation and apoptosis, this suppressive effect was accentuated at all timepoints by the application of topical TTO + glycerin. Similarly, an increase in collagen synthesis was observed in the glycerin group and this was accentuated by TTO at all timepoints. Parallel to the histological findings, the local temperature had decreased significantly on days 4 and 7 for both treatment groups (glycerin and TTO+glycerin). Conclusion: In this study, treatment with 10% (v/v) TTO in glycerin effectively suppressed skin inflammation and apoptosis, while it increased collagen synthesis during PU formation.
“What else to say?”–Primary health care in times of COVID-19 from the perspective of German general practitioners: An exploratory analysis of the open text field in the PRICOV-19 study
Authors: Stark Stefanie , Kluge Marie , Schaubroeck Emmily , Werner Felix , van Poel Esther , Willems Sara , Roos Marco , Kühlein Thomas , Burggraf Larissa 
Published: March 2023

Background
The international collaboration study PRICOV-19 –Primary Health Care in times of COVID-19 aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the organisation of primary health care. The German part focuses on the subjective perceptions of general practitioners on primary health care and the impact of political measures during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Within this survey, the “open text field” of the questionnaire was utilised remarkably frequently and extensively by the respondents. It became clear that the content that was named needed to be analysed in an exploratory manner. Accordingly, this paper addresses the following question: What preoccupies general practitioners in Germany during COVID-19 that we have not yet asked them enough?

Methods
The data collection took place throughout Germany from 01.02.2021 to 28.02.2021with a quantitative online questionnaire consisting of 53 items arranged across six topics as well as an “open text field” for further comments. The questionnaire’s open text field was analysed following the premises of the qualitative content analysis.

Results
The topics discussed by the respondents were: insufficient support from health policies, not being prioritised and involved in the vaccination strategy, feeling insufficient prepared, that infrastructural changes and financial concerns threatened the practice, and perceiving the own role as important, as well as that health policies affected the wellbeing of the respondents. One of the main points was the way general practitioners were not sufficiently acknowledged for their contribution to ensuring high-quality care during the pandemic.

Discussion
German general practitioners perceived their work and role as highly relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic. In controversy with their perception, they described political conditions in which they were the ones who contributed significantly to the fight against the pandemic but were not given enough recognition.
Correlations of intracranial pathology and cause of head injury with retinal hemorrhage in infants and toddlers: A multicenter, retrospective study by the J-HITs (Japanese Head injury of Infants and Toddlers study) group
Authors: Kato Mihoko , Nonaka Masahiro , Akutsu Nobuyuki , Narisawa Ayumi , Harada Atsuko , Park Young-Soo 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
In infants who have suffered head trauma there are two possible explanations for retinal hemorrhage (RH): direct vitreous shaking and occurrence in association with intracranial lesions. Which possibility is more plausible was examined.

Material and methods
This multicenter, retrospective study reviewed the clinical records of children younger than four years with head trauma who had been diagnosed with any findings on head computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Of 452 cases, 239 underwent an ophthalmological examination and were included in this study. The relationships of RH with intracranial findings and the cause of injury were examined.

Result
Odds ratios for RH were significant for subdural hematoma (OR 23.41, p = 0.0004), brain edema (OR 5.46, p = 0.0095), nonaccidental (OR 11.26, p<0.0001), and self-inflicted falls (OR 6.22, p = 0.0041)

Conclusion
Although nonaccidental, brain edema and self-inflicted falls were associated with RH, subdural hematoma was most strongly associated with RH.
Institutional Approach to Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism in Nigeria—National Human Rights Commission in Perspective
Authors: Agu Benedict Okay 
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the institutional approach to preventing and countering violent extremism through the role of the National Human Rights Commission, Nigeria. It uses primary and secondary materials to argue that extreme violent activities by the Boko Haram sect, armed bandits, kidnappers etc, have impact on the enjoyment of human rights by citizens and jeopardize peace and security, as well as threatening social and economic development. The article recommends that the average citizen in Nigeria ought to be given a reorientation to instil in them value for human life, property and dignity of the human person and patriotism to checkmate and prevent violent extremism in the country, among other recommendations.
Keywords: institutional approach; violent extremism; human rights; National Human Rights Commission, Nigeria.
Pre-Action Protocols and Pre-Action Dispute Resolution Processes
Authors: McCloud Victoria 
Published: March 2023

This article explores the role of ‘alternative’ dispute resolution in the context of the publication of Part 1 of the Civil Justice Council (CJC) Review of Pre-Action Protocols, to which the author contributed. The relationship between the CJC Report and the Master of the Rolls’ vision for the future of digital justice are considered as are the most salient details of the Report’s proposals, not least mandating dispute resolution engagement, digitalizing portals to manage pre-action steps and gather rich data, and a process for raising alleged failures to comply. The article concludes with consideration of further improvements which the use of technology and rich data may bring, on the near, medium and far horizons.
Keywords: alternative dispute resolution; ADR; mediation; early neutral evaluation; ENE; negotiation; pre-action protocol; settlement; artificial intelligence; AI; funnel; digital pathfinder; deep learning; reinforcement; sanctions; non-compliance; rich data.
Mediation and Cultural Change
Authors: Allport Lesley A 
Published: March 2023

In this article I describe the most significant legislative developments in England and Wales in relation to mediation over the last 25 years. Similar patterns emerge from a number of consultations and reforms across several different sectors of mediation provision. One of the most notable is the perception of mediation as a means by which to achieve a culture change in the way that disputes are handled. Recent legislation affecting several fields of delivery has attempted to position mediation as the default process which encourages informality and individual responsibility, with adjudication as the exception when all else fails. At the same time, these efforts cannot be divorced from the clear motivation to reduce time, costs and pressure generally on the civil justice system. In either case, these aspirations have not been fully realized. The take-up of mediation has been relatively low and has led to recurring debates about whether it should be mandatory. Conflicting interests and expectations have led to a lack of clarity and have resulted in a struggle to establish a mediation provision which meets the needs of individuals in dispute as well as those of the civil justice system, public sector funders and the Government. This raises considerable challenges for the mediation community.
Keywords: mediation; voluntariness; culture change; mandatory mediation; civil justice; legislation.