bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MUSTN1 Interaction With SMPX Regulates Muscle Development and Regeneration
Authors: Fu Yu , Hao Xin , Shang Peng , Nie Jingru , Chamba Yangzom , Zhang Bo , Zhang Hao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPigs are important agricultural animals whose growth rate and meat production performance are related to muscle development. Musculoskeletal embryonic nuclear protein 1 (MUSTN1) participates in various biological processes, including myogenesis and growth in animals, but the physiological functions and mechanisms of porcine MUSTN1 on muscle development are unclear; thus, we aimed to elucidate them. We found that MUSTN1 was highly expressed in the muscles of fast‐growing pigs. Functionally, MUSTN1 promoted myoblast proliferation and differentiation. MUSTN1 knockout mice exhibited reduced muscle mass and fibre cross‐sectional area, decreased exercise endurance, and delayed muscle regeneration. Small muscle protein X‐linked (SMPX) was identified as an interacting protein of MUSTN1, and its promotion of myogenic differentiation depended on MUSTN1. Furthermore, MUSTN1 stabilised SMPX and maintained myofiber morphology. This study suggests that MUSTN1 is a critical regulator in the control of muscle development and regeneration and is a potential target for animal genetic improvement and the treatment of human muscle disease.
Screening instruments to detect problematic alcohol use among adults in hospitals and their diagnostic test accuracy: A systematic review
Authors: Bisschop Jacqueline M. , de Jonge Hendrik J. M. , Brunsveld‐Reinders Anja H. , van de Mheen Dike H. , Mathijssen Jolanda J. P. , Rozema Andrea D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIssuesAlcohol consumption can cause physical, psychological and social problems that can result in hospitalisations. Screening in hospitals helps to determine which patients should be given interventions. In this review, we aimed to summarise the diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) of screening instruments for problematic alcohol use among adults in hospitals.ApproachWe searched three databases for studies that assessed validated screening instruments for problematic alcohol use among hospitalised adults. We used the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool to evaluate the risk of bias.Key FindingsWe included 20 studies in the review. In 11 studies performed in the emergency departments, 5 instruments had a high DTA: the AUDIT, the AUDIT‐C, the RAPS4‐QF, the 2‐question screener and HOLD 5. In the eight studies with inpatients, three instruments had a high DTA: the AUDIT, CAGE‐C and CAGE +10 items. Finally, only one of the included studies evaluated outpatients; the authors reported a high DTA for the AUDIT‐C.Implication and ConclusionsThe results indicate that the AUDIT is an appropriate screening instrument for both inpatients and patients in the emergency department. Moreover, for patients in the emergency department, the AUDIT‐C and the RAPS4‐QF can be used. More research is needed on outpatients, and several screening instruments have only been validated with one study (i.e., the 2‐question screener, DSM‐IV‐2, HOLD 5, CAGE‐C and CAGE +10 questions).
Beyond glycated haemoglobin: Modelling contemporary management of type 2 diabetes with the updated Cardiff model
Authors: McEwan Phil , Foos Volker , Roberts Geraint , Jenkins Robert H. , Evans Marc , Wheeler David C. , Chen Jieling 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsRecommendations on the use of newer type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatments (e.g., SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP‐1 receptor agonists [RA]) in contemporary clinical guidelines necessitate a change in how T2D models approach therapy selection and escalation. Dynamic, person‐centric clinical decision‐making considers factors beyond a patient's HbA1c and glycaemic targets, including cardiovascular (CV) risk, comorbidities and bodyweight. This study aimed to update the existing Cardiff T2D health economic model to reflect modern T2D management and to remain fit‐for‐purpose in supporting decision‐making.Materials and MethodsThe Cardiff T2D model's therapy selection/escalation module was updated from a conventional, glucose‐centric to a holistic approach. Risk factor progression equations were updated based on UKPDS90; the cardio‐kidney‐metabolic benefits of SGLT2i and GLP‐1 RA were captured via novel risk equations derived from relevant outcomes trial data. The significance of the updates was illustrated by comparing predicted outcomes and costs for a newly diagnosed T2D population between conventional and holistic approaches to disease management, where the latter represents recent treatment guidelines.ResultsA holistic approach to therapy selection/escalation enables early introduction of SGLT2i and GLP‐1 RA in modelled pathways in a manner aligned to guidelines and primarily due to elevated CV risk. Compared with a conventional approach, only considering HbA1c, patients experience fewer clinical events and gain additional health benefits.ConclusionsPredictions based on a glucose‐centric approach to therapy are likely to deviate from real‐world observations. A holistic approach is more able to capture the nuances of contemporary clinical practice. T2D modelling must evolve to remain robust and relevant.
Adherence to 6‐Mercaptopurine (6‐MP) and Habit Strength in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Authors: Yang Mira Muxi , Singh Revika , Haugen Maureen , Duff Ashley , Shoop Jenny , Morgan Elaine R. , Rossoff Jenna E. , Weinstein Joanna L. , Heneghan Mallorie B. , Badawy Sherif M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLow 6‐mercaptopurine (6‐MP) adherence (< 95%) is associated with increased relapse in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Stronger habit has been associated with higher adherence. We examined the relationship of 6‐MP adherence to habit strength and health‐related quality of life in pediatric ALL.MethodsA single‐center, cross‐sectional study of 52 participants: 11 patients (mean age 16 ± 4) and 41 parents/caregivers (age 37 ± 5). Participants completed Visual Analogue Scale (VASdose), Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Medication Adherence Scale, and the Self‐Regulated Habit Index (SRHI). Twelve semi‐structured participant interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.Results81% (42/52) of participants reported high 6‐MP adherence (VASdose ≥ 95%): patients 91% (10/11), parents 78% (32/41). No significant correlation was found between adherence and habit strength. Reported adherence facilitators included reminders, care team communications, personalized tools, administration experience, self‐efficacy, and social support. Conversely, financial burden, scheduling conflicts, and medication access were cited as barriers.ConclusionsOne‐fifth of participants reported low 6‐MP adherence, with habit strength not associated with adherence. Variability of 6‐MP routines may prohibit automaticity. While 6‐MP adherence may not correlate with habit strength, interventions promoting and strengthening habit formation may overcome barriers to 6‐MP adherence and improve outcomes.
Weaker Plant‐Frugivore Trait Matching Towards the Tropics and on Islands
Authors: Huang Xiao , Dalsgaard Bo , Chen Si‐Chong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBiotic interactions play an important role in species diversification and maintenance and, thus, are regarded as the architecture of biodiversity. Since Darwin and Wallace, biologists have debated whether biotic interactions are stronger towards the tropics and on continents, when compared to temperate regions and islands. Here, based on 354 avian frugivory networks accounting for 22,199 interactions between 1247 bird species and 2126 plant species, we quantified trait matching strength, which reflects interaction strength and specificity, across gradients of latitude and insularity globally. We found that matching between beak size and fruit size was significantly stronger towards the poles and on continents, when compared with the tropics and on islands. As underlining ecological factors, trait matching was stronger with a larger proportion of frugivory (measured as the mean proportion of fruits in bird diets) and network‐level mean beak size, and with a smaller proportion of fleshy‐fruited species (measured as the proportion of fleshy‐fruited plant species in the botanical country where the network was located). These findings suggest that the latitudinal and insular patterns in trait matching are driven by biotic factors that may relate to trait co‐evolution between interacting species and optimal foraging for bird species.
Continuous Abrupt Vegetation Shifts in the Global Terrestrial Ecosystem
Authors: Wei Maohong , Li Shengpeng , Zhu Lin , Lu Xueqiang , Li Hongyuan , Feng Jianfeng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have primarily focused on single abrupt shifts; however, the actual ecosystem will experience continuous abrupt shifts (CAS), including different directions shifts (DDS) and same direction shifts (SDS). The patterns and drivers of these CAS remain unclear. We examined the patterns of the DDS and SDS by two vegetation datasets and then tested climate drivers comprising atmospheric temperature (MAT), atmospheric precipitation (MAP), soil temperature (ST) and soil water content (SW); finally, hysteresis effects were examined with reference to principal drivers. The results demonstrate that the DDS and SDS varied across climatic regions. The ST, SW, MAT and MAP were the primary drivers of the DDS, while the MAT and MAP were the primary drivers of the SDS. Furthermore, the presence of hysteresis effects was validated via the DDS. This study presents the widespread occurrence of the CAS and the divergent roles of climate change on the DDS and SDS globally.
Conceptualizing culture critically: Examining perspectives from additional language teachers
Authors: Kunnas Marika , Masson Mimi , Carroll Shawna M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper presents the findings related to culture from an online survey with French as a second language (FSL) teachers (n = 45) about equity and antioppression in the Ontario FSL curriculum. FSL teachers defined culture and reflected on the link between language and culture and the role of students' cultures in FSL. Framed by an anti‐biased, antiracist (ABAR) framework, data were thematically analyzed from an intercultural and ABAR perspective. Results show that FSL teachers have a strong, nuanced, and highly diverse understanding of culture, they all believed that language and culture are interrelated (to varying degrees), and most thought that students' cultures should be integrated into FSL classes to improve students' experiences and language learning. FSL teachers' conceptions of language and culture also revealed a need to develop critical orientations in teacher preparation and learning.
Chemical Composition, Fermentation Parameters and Losses of Silages From Different Hybrids of Biomass Sorghum
Authors: Silva Yara A. , Orrico Junior Marco A. P. , Retore Marciana , Ceccon Gessí , Fernandes Tatiane , Orrico Ana C. A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDue to their high productivity, biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) hybrids may be promising to maximise roughage production for ruminants. However, the variation in chemical composition among hybrids may impact the nutritional value and the fermentation process of the silages produced. Thus, the present study assessed the fermentation quality and chemical composition of silages from five hybrids of biomass sorghum. The experiment adopted a 5 × 2 factorial randomised block design with five biomass sorghum hybrids (CMSXS5039, CMSXS5044, CMSXS7102, CMSXS7103 and BRS 716) sowed in two municipalities of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil (Dourados and Jateí). The parameters assessed were chemical composition, in vitro dry matter digestibility, profile of short‐chain organic acids, pH, ammonia, fermentation losses and aerobic stability. The silages produced from CMSXS7102, CMSXS7103 and BRS 716 in Dourados had higher fibre content and lower digestibility coefficients. In contrast, hybrids with higher non‐fibrous carbohydrate content and lower lignin levels, such as CMSXS5044 and CMSXS5039, exhibited the best digestibility values. Silages produced in Jateí had higher moisture content, which resulted in increased effluent losses, particularly for the CMSXS5044 (450 kg ton−1 DM) and CMSXS5039 (320 kg ton−1 DM) hybrids. This higher effluent production in Jateí led to lower soluble protein (SP) and degradable protein (DP) concentrations compared to the silages from Dourados. Additionally, the higher moisture content in Jateí promoted the production of butyric acid in the silages. Silages from the CMSXS5039 hybrid (70.5 g kg−1 DM) had the highest lactic acid content; however, no significant difference was observed in acetic acid levels between the treatments. Overall, all the sorghum biomass hybrids tested produced silages with good fermentative and nutritional quality, but CMSXS5039 stood out in most of the parameters evaluated.
Effect of a physical activity and healthy eating lifestyle intervention in pregnancy on fetal growth trajectories: The DALI randomised controlled trial
Authors: Dieberger Anna M. , van Poppel Mireille N. M. , Desoye Gernot , Simmons David , Harreiter Jürgen , Devlieger Roland , Medina Carmen , Lawlor Deborah A. , Elhakeem Ahmed ,   the DALI core investigator group
Published: January 2025

SummaryBackgroundObesity during pregnancy is related to fetal overgrowth. Effective interventions that can mitigate this risk are needed.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effect of a lifestyle intervention for pregnant women with obesity on fetal growth trajectories.MethodsIn the DALI trial, pregnant women with a body mass index ≥29.0 kg/m2 and without gestational diabetes at baseline were randomized to counselling on physical activity (PA), healthy eating (HE) or a combination (PA + HE), or to usual care (UC). Fetal growth trajectories were modelled based on a combination of estimated fetal weight (EFW) from repeated ultrasound scans and weight measured at birth. Differences in fetal growth trajectories between groups were assessed.ResultsThree hundred eighty‐four women were included. Those in the PA + HE intervention had slower EFW gain from 32 weeks onwards, with differences (PA + HE vs. UC) at 32, 36 and 40 weeks of −54.1 g (−146.7 to 38.9 g), −84.9 g (−194.0 to 24.7 g), and −99.8 g (−227.1 to 28.1 g), respectively. Effects appeared stronger in males, with a difference at 40 weeks of −185.8 g (−362.5 g to −9.2 g) versus −23.4 g (−190.4 g to 143.5 g) in females.ConclusionsA lifestyle intervention for pregnant women with obesity resulted in attenuated fetal growth, which only reached significance in male offspring. Future larger trials are needed to confirm these findings and elucidate underlying pathways.
Toward Theory‐Based Volitional Personality Development Interventions at Work
Authors: Dupré Sofie , Wille Bart 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this article, we respond to four commentaries (Li et al., 2024; Hennecke & Ingold, 2025; Perossa & Connelly, 2024; Ones et al., 2024) on our article “Personality development goals at work: A new frontier in personality assessment in organizations.” We start by addressing four overarching considerations from the commentaries, including (a) how to approach PDG assessment, (b) the feasibility of personality development interventions, (c) potential trade‐offs involved, and (d) the value of personality development beyond established HR practices. Next, in an attempt to integrate these considerations and stimulate future research in this area, we outline three critical elements of what we believe can be the foundation of theory‐based personality development interventions at work. For this purpose, we first posit that personality development at work can be rethought such that the focus shifts from “changing an employee's trait levels” to “expanding that employee's comfort zone across a range of personality states.” Second, to have sustained effects, interventions need to accomplish more than simply “learning new behaviors,” by effectively targeting all layers of personality—behavioral, cognitive, and emotional. Finally, we introduce optimal functioning, encompassing both performance and well‐being aspects, as the ultimate criterion for evaluating the success of personality development interventions. We hope these reactions and integrative ideas will inspire future research on personality development goals assessment and personality development interventions in the work context.
Postoperative Pain Following Vital Pulp Therapy in Carious Permanent Teeth of Children and Adolescents: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Pradittapong Parattanan , Chompu‐inwai Papimon , Chaipattanawan Nattakan , Nirunsittirat Areerat , Phinyo Phichayut , Manmontri Chanika 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundVital pulp therapy (VPT) is one of the treatments recommended for vital deep carious permanent molars. However, postoperative pain remains underexplored in children and adolescents who have undergone VPT.AimThis study investigated the incidence, intensity, duration, temporal pattern, and analgesic intake of postoperative pain following VPT in children and adolescents. Additionally, factors associated with postoperative pain incidence were explored.DesignA prospective cohort study was conducted in 159 patients aged 6–18 years, involving 174 VPT‐treated teeth. Pain intensity, measured with the Wong–Baker FACES Pain Scale (WBFPS), and analgesic intake were recorded daily for 7 days post treatment.ResultsOver the 7‐day period, 40.23% of patients experienced postoperative pain. Mean pain intensity decreased from 3.43 ± 1.96 on Day 1 to 1.26 ± 1.71 on Day 2. About 52.86% of patients were pain‐free between Days 1 and 2, and over 97% were pain‐free by Day 7. Analgesics were taken by 25.86% of patients. Compared with the protective liners group, the more invasive types of VPT were associated with higher odds of pain.ConclusionPostoperative pain following VPT was common; however, it was mild, controllable with analgesics, and resolved in most patients. The more invasive VPT types were linked to an increased incidence of pain.
Development of Children's Perceived Nursing Image Scale: A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Apaydin Cirik Vildan , Aksoy Bahar , Bektaş Murat 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimProfessional knowledge and awareness of children begins to create at the age of 3–5, and the professional knowledge have acquired at this age was effective in their future career decision‐making. This study aimed to develop the Children's Perceived Nursing Image Scale (CPNIS) and evaluate its psychometric properties.MethodsThe methodological study was carried out in a cross‐sectional, descriptive, and correlational design. This study was conducted with 614 children aged 8–11 between 21 January–April 2022. The data were collected using a Child Information Form and the CPNIS. The CPNIS is a scale compatible with the deductive approach. The data were analysed using various statistical methods including descriptive statistics (numbers and percentages), t‐tests, factor analysis, and correlation analysis. Item‐total score analysis, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and the internal consistency were employed to evaluate the reliability of the measurements. Three‐stage cross‐sectional study, which followed the STROBE checklist was conducted: (1) development of items, (2) assessing content validity and (3) validity and reliability of the scale.ResultsThe CPNIS is a valid scale consisting of four factors as subdimensions. The total Cronbach's alpha of the scale is 0.93. The scale explained 46.4% of the total variance. The scale Test‐Retest analysis, the total ICC value of the scale was found to be 0.84 and p = 0.001.ConclusionEvaluation of the children's perceived nursing image can contribute to the identification of children with negative perceptions in clinics and the planning of interventions that will lead to positive perceptions.
Classification of Scanning Errors of Digital Scans Recorded by Using Intraoral Scanners
Authors: Revilla‐León Marta , Aragoneses Rocío , Arroyo Valverde Eva María , Gómez‐Polo Miguel , Kois John C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe different scanning errors that can be caused by the operator handling an intraoral scanner (IOS) or the intraoral conditions of the patient being scanned have not been described. The purpose of this review was to describe and classify the scanning errors that can be identified in digital scans recorded by using IOSs.OverviewThe identification of scanning errors in an intraoral scan and understanding the cause of these scanning errors are fundamental procedures for successfully handling an IOS and integrating these digital data acquisition technologies in dental practices. There are two main types of scanning errors: the ones created by the operator and the ones caused by the intraoral conditions of the patient. There are seven operator‐related scanning errors: mesh hole, stitching, tissue, reliability, umbrella, implant scan body geometry, and scanning noise errors. Additionally, there are four patient‐related scanning errors: humidity, bridge, fuzzy finish line, and scanability noise errors.ConclusionsThe identification of scanning errors is fundamental for assessing the quality of an intraoral digital scan. The comprehensive reading of these scanning errors allows the dental professional to understand if the scanning error can be corrected or if it is related to hardware/software limitations of IOSs.
A juvenile spinner shark in southern New England: A rare visitor or a sign of change?
Authors: Moyer Joshua K. , Dodd Jon F. , Kajiura Stephen M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA juvenile spinner shark, Carcharhinus brevipinna, was captured and released in the coastal waters of Rhode Island, USA, where range delineations based on historic records of spinner sharks and the species' congener, the blacktip shark, Carcharhinus limbatus, are plagued by misidentification. The shark in question was within the size range of neonates for C. brevipinna and bore a partially healed umbilical wound. This highlights questions concerning the distribution of nursery habitats for the species along the East Coast of North America and how that may be altered by climate change.
A TaqMan‐MGB Probe Quantitative PCR Assay Detecting Hematodinium perezi
Authors: Xie Guosi , Wang Hailiang , Zhu Mengting , Bi Jingnan , Yang Liuxin , Wan Xiaoyuan , Li Meng , Xie Enpei , Shi Chengyin , Yang Bing , Zhang Qingli , Li Caiwen , Huang Jie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHematodinium perezi, a pathogenic dinoflagellate, is one of major epidemiological agents that lead to severe losses of cultured marine crustaceans in China. This study aimed to develop a novel, sensitive and specific detection method qualified for early surveillance and control of the disease caused by H. perezi. The present study established a TaqMan‐MGB probe quantitative PCR (qPCR) method, targeting the first internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS 1) region of H. perezi by optimising reaction components. A high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9996) was obtained in a standard curve with a 103.4% efficiency. No amplification was observed for the host's genome and pathogens other than H. perezi in the TaqMan‐MGB probe qPCR assays, showing high specificity to H. perezi. When using the plasmid standard DNA as templates, the detection limit of the qPCR method was determined to be 5.66 copies/reaction and 10 times more sensitive than the conventional PCR. The TaqMan‐MGB probe qPCR assays exhibited high repeatability, and the intra‐ and inter‐assay coefficients of variation (CV) ranged from 0.11% to 2.25% over a wide dynamic range of detection from 5.66 × 100 to 5.66 × 109 copies of targeting gene. The application was also validated on clinical samples, including those with low infection with H. perezi. This novel one‐step TaqMan‐MGB probe qPCR provides an option for surveillance and epidemiological investigations of H. perezi infection, with an advantage at the early infection stage.