bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Informal caregiver and nurse perceptions of access to culturally appropriate health care for ethnic minority persons with dementia: A qualitative study
Authors: Duran‐Kiraç Gözde , Uysal‐Bozkir Özgül , Uittenbroek Ronald , van Hout Hein , Broese van Groenou Marjolein I. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsThis study explored what informal caregivers of ethnic minority (EM) persons with dementia in the Netherlands perceive as culturally accessible health care and nurses' perceptions of how cultural competence can be improved to facilitate access to health care for EM persons with dementia and their informal caregivers.DesignQualitative description research with semi‐structured individual interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs).MethodsSemi‐structured interviews with 15 nurses and 6 informal caregivers provided input for two FGDs with nurses about the need to strengthen their cultural competence to improve access to health care for EM persons with dementia and their informal caregivers. Interview data were collected between September 2020 and April 2021 in the Netherlands. Focus group discussion data were collected between June and September 2021 in the Netherlands.ResultsNurses and informal caregivers experienced difficulty building and maintaining a relationship. Contrary to informal caregivers' experiences, nurses felt a shared cultural background with the persons with dementia and informal caregiver is necessary. Although nurses acknowledged the importance of cultural knowledge, cultural skills, in particular, were mentioned as needing improvement. Examples are mapping involved family members and their roles, asking the right questions and letting go of personal judgements. Nurses frequently mentioned stereotypical thinking and seeing ‘the other’ as different, and collaboration with(in) family proved difficult for informal caregivers and nurses.ConclusionStrengthening cultural skills will contribute to facilitating better access to cultural appropriate health care for EM persons with dementia and their informal caregivers.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.ImpactThis study explores what is perceived as culturally accessible health care and what nurses need to improve their cultural competence. We show that strengthening nurses' cultural competence by addressing which skills should be improved can improve access to health care for EM persons with dementia and their informal caregivers.
Efficacy of imiquimod in the management of lentigo maligna
Authors: Daude Marie , Dinulescu Monica , Nguyen Jean‐Michel , Maillard Hervé , Le Duff Florence , Machet Laurent , Beylot‐Barry Marie , Legoupil Delphine , Wierzbicka‐Hainaut Ewa , Bedane Christophe , Leccia Marie Thérèse , Debarbieux Sébastien , Meyer Nicolas , Monestier Sandrine , Bens Guido , Denis Marc G. , Bossard Celine , Vergier Beatrice , Khammari Amir , Dréno Brigitte 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundLentigo maligna (LM) is a melanocytic proliferation occurring on photo‐exposed skin that may progress to LM melanoma. Surgery is recommended as first‐line treatment. Excision margins of 5–10 mm remain, without international consensus. Several studies have shown that imiquimod, an immunomodulator, induces LM regression. This study investigated the effect of imiquimod versus placebo in neoadjuvant settings.Patients and MethodsWe performed a prospective, randomized, multicentre, phase III clinical study. Patients were randomly assigned in 1:1 ratio to receive imiquimod or placebo for 4 weeks, followed by LM excision 4 weeks after the last application of imiquimod or placebo. The primary endpoint was extra‐lesional excision, with a 5 mm margin from the residual pigmentation after imiquimod or vehicle. Secondary endpoints included the gain on the surface removed between the two groups; number of revision surgeries to obtain extra‐lesional excisions; relapse‐free time; and number of complete remissions after treatment.ResultsA total of 283 patients participated in this study; 247 patients, 121 patients in the placebo group and 126 in the imiquimod group, accounted for the modified ITT population. The first extralesional extirpation was performed in 116 (92%) imiquimod patients and in 102 (84%) placebo patients; the difference was not significant (p = 0.0743). Regarding the surface of LM, imiquimod reduced the LM surface (4.6–3.1 cm2) significantly (p < 0.001) more compared to the placebo (3.9–4.1 cm2).ConclusionImiquimod reduces the lentigo maligna surface after 1 month of treatment, without a higher risk of intralesional excision and with a positive aesthetic outcome.
Effective prognostic and clinical risk stratification in COVID‐19 using multimodality biomarkers
Authors: Liu Alexander , Hammond Robert , Donnelly Peter D. , Kaski Juan Carlos , Coates Anthony R. M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn acute coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) patients, effective clinical risk stratification has important implications on treatment and therapeutic resource distribution. This article reviews the evidence behind a wide range of biomarkers with prognostic value in COVID‐19. Patient characteristics and co‐morbidities, such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, are associated with increased mortality risk. Peripheral oxygen saturation and arterial oxygenation are predictive of severe respiratory compromise, whereas risk scores such as the 4C‐score enable multi‐factorial prognostic risk estimation. Blood tests such as markers of inflammation, cardiac injury and d‐dimer and abnormalities on electrocardiogram are linked to inpatient prognosis. Of the imaging modalities, lung ultrasound and echocardiography enable the bedside assessment of prognostic abnormalities in COVID‐19. Chest radiograph (CXR) and computed tomography (CT) can inform about prognostic pulmonary pathologies, whereas cardiovascular CT detects high‐risk features such as coronary artery and aortic calcification. Dynamic changes in biomarkers, such as blood tests, CXR, CT and electrocardiogram findings, can further inform about disease severity and prognosis. Despite the vast volumes of existing evidence, several gaps exist in our understanding of COVID‐19 biomarkers. First, the pathophysiological basis on which these markers can foretell prognosis in COVID‐19 remains poorly understood. Second, certain under‐explored tests such as thoracic impedance assessment and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging deserve further investigation. Lastly, the prognostic values of most biomarkers in COVID‐19 are derived from retrospective analyses. Prospective studies are required to validate these markers for guiding clinical decision‐making and to facilitate their translation into clinical management pathways.
Self‐reported periodontitis association with impaired smell and taste: A multicenter survey
Authors: Schertel Cassiano Luisa , Ribeiro Ana Paula , Peres Marco Anselmo , Lopez Rodrigo , Fjældstad Alexander , Marchini Leonardo , Nascimento Gustavo G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the association between self‐reported periodontitis and the senses of taste and smell among employees of one Danish and two American universities.Materials and MethodsData were collected through a digital survey. A total of 1239 individuals from Aarhus University – Denmark, the University of Iowa, and the University of Florida – USA were included. Self‐reported periodontitis was the exposure. The perceived senses of taste and smell were the outcomes and were measured through a visual analog scale (VAS). Self‐perceived halitosis was the mediator. Confounders were age, sex, income, education, xerostomia, COVID‐19, smoking, body mass index, and diabetes. The total effect was decomposed into direct and indirect using a counterfactual approach.ResultsThe total effect of periodontitis on an impaired sense of taste was OR 1.56 (95% CI [1.02, 2.09]), of which 23% was mediated by halitosis (OR 1.13; 95% CI [1.03, 1.22]). Additionally, individuals with self‐reported periodontitis had a 53% higher chance of having impaired smell (OR 1.53; 95% CI [1.00, 2.04]), with halitosis mediating 21% of the total effect (OR 1.11; 95% CI [1.02, 1.20]).ConclusionOur findings suggest that periodontitis is associated with distorted senses of taste and smell. Additionally, this association appears to be mediated by halitosis.
Challenges and stressors in intimate intercultural relationships: A systematic research synthesis
Authors: Su Tom 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlobalization has facilitated increasing cross‐cultural interactions and the formation of intimate intercultural relationships. This study systemically screened and reviewed fifteen quantitative studies that included participants in a current intimate intercultural relationship, synthesizing their research methods and findings with a focus on investigating stressors and challenges. The results revealed that intercultural couples could face various external challenges like marginalization and family disapproval and internal challenges such as conflicting cultural values. When these challenges and stressors are present, couples are more likely to experience lower relationship satisfaction and more negative relational interactions. This study provides an overview of the state of quantitative research on intercultural relationships, highlighting its limitations and future directions. The findings of this critical analysis can also inform clinical practices with distressed intercultural couples.
Differences between Registered Nurses and nurse assistants around missed nursing care—An observational, comparative study
Authors: Nymark Carolin , Falk Ann‐Charlotte , von Vogelsang Ann‐Christin , Göransson Katarina E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundFrom a nursing perspective, tasks that are not carried out, and the consequences of this, have been studied for over a decade. The difference between Registered Nurses (RNs) and nurse assistants (NAs) regarding qualifications and work tasks, and the profound knowledge around RN‐to‐patient ratios, warrants investigating missed nursing care (MNC) for each group rather than as one (nursing staff).AimTo describe and compare RNs and NAs ratings of and reasons for MNC at in‐hospital wards.MethodsA cross‐sectional study with a comparative approach. RNs and NAs at in‐hospital medical and surgical wards for adults were invited to answer the MISSCARE Survey‐Swedish version, including questions on patient safety and quality of care.ResultsA total of 205 RNs and 219 NAs answered the questionnaire. Quality of care and patient safety was rated as good by both RNs and NAs. Compared to NAs, RNs reported more MNC, for example, in the item ‘Turning patient every 2 h’ (p < 0.001), ‘Ambulation three times per day or as ordered’ (p = 0.018), and ‘Mouth care’ (p < 0.001). NAs reported more MNC in the items ‘Medications administered within 30 min before or after scheduled time’ (p = 0.005), and ‘Patient medication requests acted on within 15 min’ (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found between the samples concerning reasons for MNC.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that RNs' and NAs' ratings of MNC to a large extent differed between the groups. RNs and NAs should be viewed as separate groups based on their different knowledge levels and roles when caring for patients. Thus, viewing all nursing staff as a homogenous group in MNC research may mask important differences between the groups. These differences are important to address when taking actions to reduce MNC in the clinical setting.
Clinical, immunological and molecular findings of patients with DOCK‐8 deficiency from India
Authors: Gowri Vijaya , Chougule Akshaya , Gupta Maya , Taur Prasad , Iyengar Vaishnavi V. , Sivasankaran Meena , Munirathnam Deenadayalan , Krishna Sushma , Bargir Umair A. , Dalvi Aparna , Setia Priyanka , Jodhawat Neha , Shinde Shweta , Prabhu Shakuntala S. , Bodhanwala Minnie , Madkaikar Manisha R. , Desai Mukesh M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDOCK8 deficiency affects various cell subsets belonging to both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Clinical diagnosis is challenging, as many cases present with severe atopic dermatitis as the only initial manifestation. Though flow cytometry helps in the presumptive diagnosis of DOCK8‐deficient patients by evaluating their DOCK8 protein expression, it requires subsequent confirmation by molecular genetic analysis. Currently, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative treatment option available for these patients. There is a paucity of data from India on the clinical diversity and molecular spectrum of DOCK8 deficiency. In the present study, we report the clinical, immunological and molecular findings of 17 DOCK8‐deficient patients from India diagnosed over the last 5 years.
“THE MYSTERY OF HUMAN UNIQUENESS”: COMMON SENSE, SCIENCE, AND JUDAISM
Authors: Mittleman Alan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUniqueness implies singularity, incomparability. Nonetheless, as applied to everything within the human lifeworld, including ourselves, uniqueness is relativized. This becomes clear in the tension between “commonsensical” and “scientific” perspectives on the human. Our commonsense approach posits that human beings are unique among animals—unique because of our properties, most especially our consciousness, as well as because of our significance and value. From a scientific perspective, however, the uniqueness of the human—if it can be affirmed at all—is possibly a matter of degree, not kind. Additionally, the scientific perspective prescinds from judgments of the value of the human. To join these perspectives, without giving up on the importance of either one, is a philosophical and theological challenge. A Jewish approach to the challenge is offered here.
On the Benefits and Limitations of Modulated Damping With Passive Motor Control
Authors: Vailati Léo G. , Goldfarb Michael 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Conventional emulated damping, in which velocity feedback is employed in combination with motor current control to emulate damping, is used in a number of mechatronic applications. As known in the field, although such damping should be strictly passive, several implementation factors render this emulation nonpassive and subject to instability, especially with increasing damping ratios. This paper describes an alternative implementation of emulated damping that employs passive motor control, which does not draw energy from a battery or any other power source. The method is specifically described in the context of a brushless direct-current (BLDC) motor; an unique controller architecture is used along with a particular MOSFET switching scheme which employs only a subset of the standard BLDC motor driver and does not require electronic commutation. This paper employs analytical and experimental means to compare damping control with the described passive motor approach, relative to using a conventional BLDC motor control approach. Stability considerations for each scheme are discussed. Benchtop testing demonstrates the advantage of the passive control scheme in terms of providing smooth behavior, enhancing control robustness, preventing energy leaks, and providing accurate behavior. The special cases of unilateral and asymmetric behaviors (i.e., different damping command for each direction of rotation) are also considered.
Programming High-Speed and Sprint Running Exposure in Football: Beliefs and Practices of More Than 100 Practitioners Worldwide
Authors: Dello Iacono Antonio , Beato Marco , Unnithan Viswanath B. , Shushan Tzlil 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To gain knowledge on the beliefs and practices of football practitioners applying high-speed and sprint running exposure programming strategies. Methods: One hundred two football practitioners from 22 different countries participated in a study consisting of a survey including 5 domains: demographic and professional characteristics (Who); importance of high-speed and sprint running exposure for physical-capability development, preparation for competition, and injury-prevention strategies (Why); exposure timing (When); methodological procedures for exposure monitoring and training scheduling (What); and effectiveness of common training practices (How). Data were analyzed using a combination of descriptive statistics, generalized mixed effects, and multinomial logistic regression models. Results: Data revealed 5 main findings: (1) overall agreement on the importance of exposure for physical-capability development, preparation for competition, and injury-prevention strategies; (2) different exposure timing and selective training scheduling for starting and nonstarting players across typical and congested weeks; (3) lack of consensus on the conceptual constructs defining high-speed and sprint running metrics and the methodological procedures used for monitoring; (4) a probable association between match-related outcomes and exposure strategies used in training; and (5) a broad range of training methods considered effective to elicit exposure. Conclusions: This study provides actionable insights into the planning, implementing, and monitoring strategies for high-speed and sprint running exposure in football. While some conform with the evidence on high-speed and sprint running training in football, further research and professional debate are warranted to develop empirical knowledge and provide pragmatic recommendations to help practitioners in adopting evidence-informed decisions.
The genomic landscape of familial glioma
Authors: Choi Dong-Joo , Armstrong Georgina , Lozzi Brittney , Vijayaraghavan Prashanth , Plon Sharon E. , Wong Terence C. , Boerwinkle Eric , Muzny Donna M. , Chen Hsiao-Chi , Gibbs Richard A. , Ostrom Quinn T. , Melin Beatrice , Deneen Benjamin , Bondy Melissa L. ,   The Gliogene Consortium,   Genomics England Research Consortium, Bainbridge Matthew N. , Amos Christopher I. , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Bernstein Jonine L. , Claus Elizabeth B. , Houlston Richard S. , Il'yasova Dora , Jenkins Robert B. , Johansen Christoffer , Lachance Daniel , Lai Rose , Melin Beatrice S. , Merrell Ryan T. , Olson Sara H. , Sadetzki Siegal , Schildkraut Joellen , Shete Sanjay , Ambrose J. C. , Arumugam P. , Bevers R. , Bleda M. , Boardman-Pretty F. , Boustred C. R. , Brittain H. , Brown M. A. , Caulfield M. J. , Chan G. C. , Giess A. , Griffin J. N. , Hamblin A. , Henderson S. , Hubbard T. J. P. , Jackson R. , Jones L. J. , Kasperaviciute D. , Kayikci M. , Kousathanas A. , Lahnstein L. , Lakey A. , Leigh S. E. A. , Leong I. U. S. , Lopez F. J. , Maleady-Crowe F. , McEntagart M. , Minneci F. , Mitchell J. , Moutsianas L. , Mueller M. , Murugaesu N. , Need A. C. , O'Donovan P. , Odhams C. A. , Patch C. , Perez-Gil D. , Pereira M. B. , Pullinger J. , Rahim T. , Rendon A. , Rogers T. , Savage K. , Sawant K. , Scott R. H. , Siddiq A. , Sieghart A. , Smith S. C. , Sosinsky A. , Stuckey A. , Tanguy M. , Taylor Tavares A. L. , Thomas E. R. A. , Thompson S. R. , Tucci A. , Welland M. J. , Williams E. , Witkowska K. , Wood S. M. , Zarowiecki M. 
Published: April 2023

Glioma is a rare brain tumor with a poor prognosis. Familial glioma is a subset of glioma with a strong genetic predisposition that accounts for approximately 5% of glioma cases. We performed whole-genome sequencing on an exploratory cohort of 203 individuals from 189 families with a history of familial glioma and an additional validation cohort of 122 individuals from 115 families. We found significant enrichment of rare deleterious variants of seven genes in both cohorts, and the most significantly enriched gene was
HERC2
(
P
= 0.0006). Furthermore, we identified rare noncoding variants in both cohorts that were predicted to affect transcription factor binding sites or cause cryptic splicing. Last, we selected a subset of discovered genes for validation by CRISPR knockdown screening and found that
DMBT1, HP1BP3
,
and ZCH7B3
have profound impacts on proliferation. This study performs comprehensive surveillance of the genomic landscape of familial glioma.
Study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial evaluating the feasibility and effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions to recover functionality after a transient ischaemic attack or a minor stroke: the ‘Back to Normal’ trial
Authors: Gonçalves Micaela , Lima Maria João , Fonseca Ângelo , Duque Cristina , Costa Ana Rute , Cruz Vitor Tedim 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionTransient ischaemic attack (TIA) and minor stroke are frequently assumed as temporary or non-disabling events. However, evidence suggests that these patients can experience relevant impairment and functional disability. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a 3-month multidomain intervention programme, composed of five non-pharmacological strategies, aimed at accelerating return to pre-event level of functionality in patients with TIA or minor stroke.Methods and analysisPatients diagnosed with a TIA or a minor stroke are being recruited at the emergency or neurology departments of the Hospital Pedro Hispano, located in Matosinhos, Portugal (n=70). Those who accept to participate will be randomly allocated to two groups (1:1): (a) Intervention—receives a 3 months combined approach, initiating early post-event, composed of cognitive training, physical exercise, nutrition, psychoeducation and assessment/correction of hearing loss; (b) Control—participants will not be subject to any intervention. Both groups will receive the usual standard of care provided to these diseases. Recruitment began in May 2022 and is expected to continue until March 2023. Socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyles, health status, cognitive function, symptoms of anxiety and depression and quality of life will be assessed; as well as anthropometry, blood pressure and physical condition. Time to complete or partial recovery of instrumental activities of daily living will be assessed using an adapted version of the Frenchay Activities Index. All participants will be evaluated before the intervention and after 3 months.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Local Health Unit of Matosinhos (Ref. 75/CES/JAS). Written informed consent will be required from all the participants; data protection and confidentiality will be also ensured. The findings of this project are expected to be submitted for publication in scientific articles, and the main results will be presented at relevant scientific meetings.Trial registration numberNCT05369637.
A survey of broiler breast meat quality in the retail market of Quebec
Authors: Sammari Hajer , Askri Amani , Benahmed Sahar , Saucier Linda , Alnahhas Nabeel 
Published: April 2023

In this study, 206 breast fillets were purchased from grocery stores in the province of Quebec and evaluated for the presence of different quality defects. Of these fillets, 48.5% showed breast muscle myopathies (BMM), 19.4% showed pale, soft, and exudative (PSE), and 6.8% showed dark, firm, and dry (DFD) attributes. BMM were equally present ( P > 0.05) in fillets of economical, commercial, and high-quality brands, while PSE-like fillets were more present in economical brands ( P < 0.0001). The combined effect of BMM and DFD induced significantly higher counts of Salmonella ( P = 0.03) and Enterobacteriaceae ( P = 0.03) in myopathic than in unaffected fillets. These quality defects also altered the nutritional quality of breast meat: BMM-affected fillets had greater fat content ( P < 0.0001) and DFD fillets had lower protein content ( P = 0.041) than normal fillets. The technological quality was only slightly impacted by BMM, while PSE-like fillets had higher cooking loss ( P = 0.009) and a tougher texture after cooking ( P < 0.0001) than DFD fillets. For the first time, this study confirmed the presence of multiple quality issues in the Quebec poultry supply chain, and provided valuable data to support future research efforts.