bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Serum Folate and Lung Function in People with and without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Results from NHANES 2007–2012.
Authors: wen Xiang , Yang Huajing , Wang Luyao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The relationship between serum folate and pulmonary function in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains unclear. Our study aims to explore the potential correlation between serum folate levels and pulmonary function.
Methods
We analyzed cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2007–2012), including individuals aged 40 years and above (n = 1062) with complete post-bronchodilator lung function data and serum folate measurements. COPD was diagnosed based on a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio of less than 0.70. Using a multivariable adjusted linear model, we assessed the association between serum folate levels and lung function indices, stratified by COPD status.
Results
Our study included 493 COPD patients and 569 individuals without spirometry-defined COPD. There were no significant differences in serum folate levels between the two groups. Adjusting for multiple factors, we observed that each 1 nmol/L increase in serum folate was significantly associated with improvements in FEV1 (2.54 mL, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58 to 4.5), FVC (3.58 mL, 95% CI 0.9 to 6.27), and PFE (7.73 mL, 95% CI 2.17 to 13.29) among COPD patients. However, no significant correlation was found between lung function and serum folate levels in non-COPD individuals.
Conclusions
Elevated serum folate levels are associated with better lung function in COPD patients, while folate levels do not significantly impact lung function in individuals without COPD.
Heat Propagation: A Fourth Mechanism Allowing Heat Transfer from Cold to Hot
Authors: Ma Yanbao , Qu Zhengxian , Wu Juhao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Fourier's law, governing heat conduction through temperature gradients, has been invalidated by heat waves observed in cryogenic heat-pulse experiments and reduced effective thermal conductivity (ETC) in nanoscale heat transfer. Despite persistent efforts over 150 years to find a replacement, this intriguing problem remains unresolved. Moreover, the root cause of reduced ETC and the generation mechanism and speed of second sound in hydrodynamic heat transfer have remained elusive. Our investigation reveals a groundbreaking discovery: a temperature-gradient-independent propagation of heat, encompassing both ballistic and hydrodynamic transfer, enables heat transfer from cold to hot without violating the Second Law of Thermodynamics. This identifies heat propagation as a fourth mechanism alongside conduction, convection, and radiation, revolutionizing traditional understanding of heat transfer beyond hot-to-cold scenarios. This discovery exposes the root cause for the breakdown of Fourier’s law and leads to a physics-based propagation-diffusion model to replace Fourier’s law. Incorporating the collective particle-wave duality of phonons, this model successfully replicates heat-pulse experiments and attributes reduced ETC to delayed heating effects. Furthermore, it challenges the established theory of hydrodynamic heat transfer driven by temperature gradients, offering an exceptionally efficient approach to thermal management, surpassing thermal conductivity limits, with profound implications across scientific and engineering disciplines.
An Efficient Blockchain-Based Verification Scheme with Transferable Authentication Authority
Authors: JIN XIUSHU , OMOTE KAZUMASA 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In some situations, the transfer of authentication authority is necessary for user authentication. In traditional authentication, a trust mechanism based on a trusted party establishes trust between two unfamiliar entities. However, a trusted party's failure or malicious behavior could undermine the trust system. Additionally, traditional authentication methods often involve complex and time-consuming procedures and may incur high costs. With the advancement of technology, more decentralized authentication methods and blockchain-based identity verification solutions have been proposed to address these limitations and enhance the security and efficiency of trust establishment. There are still cases where the number of transfers of their authentication authority should be limited for authentication in blockchain networks. Meanwhile, an authentication scheme consisting only of efficient operations such as hash functions is desirable. However, to the best of our knowledge, blockchain networks have no authentication schemes that consist of only hash functions and allow the transfer of authentication authority. In this paper, we propose an efficient authentication scheme based on only a hash function that can limit the number of times authentication authority can be transferred by using hash chains and Hashcash techniques in a blockchain network. As a result, our scheme has the advantage of reducing the computational complexity and gas costs in smart contracts. Furthermore, we deployed the smart contracts on the Goerli test network and completed authentication, proving the solution's effectiveness. On the Goerli testnet, our smart contract consumed 304.6kgas when deployed and 29.9kgas when performing authentication.
The impact of residential environment on older people‘s capabilities to live independently: Evidence from Beijing
Authors: Chen Mengyuan , Hooimeijer Pieter , Bolt Gideon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Noticing the deficiencies of the traditional successful aging model, this study proposes a community-based approach to promote healthy aging that enables older people to adapt and self-manage from the capability approach perspective. Using hierarchical multiple regression analysis of data from 650 older adults (60 years and older) surveyed in Beijing, this study aims to unravel how the residential environment supports Chinese older adults' capabilities to live independently. The results show that inequalities in residential environments cause differences in older adults’ capabilities between neighborhoods. Four environmental factors (namely: home accessibility, pleasant surroundings, meeting opportunities, and life convenience) positively affect older adults’ capabilities to live independently. Meeting opportunities are more relevant for frail older adults. This study contributes to the understanding of how the residential environment supports healthy aging from the capability approach perspective. Results can be used to develop effective community-based policies.
The characteristic analysis of Phase-controlled array thermo-acoustic emission with multiple emitting surfaces
Authors: Zhang Kai , Wang Dongdong , Zhou Jiayi , Su Yulei , Ding Huaikuang , Hu Hanping , Han Yuanzhao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Thermo-acoustic(TA) ultrasound has generated lots of interest during the last decade for its many advantages, especially combined with the phased-controlled array technology. In this paper, a theoretical expression about the TA phased array(TAPA) emission was established to study the different acoustic field based on the input heat flow frequencies, number, distances, area of TA emission surfaces, and phase change between emission surfaces. It is found that, the two emitting surfaces in a line pattern TAPA has the consist acoustic field with the single emitting surface in the semicircle. Meanwhile, applying different phases on the surface ,the scanning range will be narrowed by the increase of frequency, the area of the TA emission surface and the number of emission surfaces, but accordingly, the directivity of the TA wave will be enhanced. The increase of the distance between the emitting surfaces of the TAPA arranged in a cross shape does not affect the ultrasound pressure of the main TA ultrasound, but only increase the number and size of the side flaps; The increase of the area of the emitting surfaces will make the TA ultrasound increase in directivity, so the TAPA in a cross shape must reduce the distance of emitting surfaces to enhance the directivity, or increase the area of the emitting surfaces. This paper proposes a comprehensive study of the TAPA to help further research in the TAPA field.
Exploratory mass spectrometry of cerebrospinal fluid from persons with autopsy-confirmed LATE-NC
Authors: Gal Jozsef , Vary Calvin , Gartner Carlos A. , Jicha Gregory A. , Abner Erin L. , Ortega Yulica S. , Choucair Ibrahim , Wilcock Donna M. , Nelson Ruth , Nelson Peter 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Common neuropathologies associated with dementia include Alzheimer’s disease neuropathologic change (ADNC) and limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC). Biofluid proteomics provides a window into the pathobiology of dementia and the information from biofluid tests may help guide clinical management.
Methods: Participants were recruited from a longitudinal cohort of older adults at the University of Kentucky AD Research Center. A convenience sample of clinically obtained lumbar puncture cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples was analyzed from 29 older adults that had autopsy confirmation of the presence or absence of LATE-NC. Nine of the participants had autopsy-confirmed LATE-NC. Antemortem CSF specimens were analyzed in two separate processes: From one group, aliquots were depleted of highly abundant proteins using affinity spin columns. Tryptic digests of sample proteins were subjected to liquid chromatographic separation and mass spectrometry using an Eksigent Ekspert nanoLC 400 system in line with a Sciex 6600+ mass spectrometer. Protein identification was performed using Protein Pilot (Sciex, ver. 5) software, and relative quantification was performed using the SWATH processing microApp in PeakView and MarkerView software (Sciex), respectively. Following data analyses, additional studies were performed using western blots.
Results: A total of 830 proteins were identified in the samples depleted of abundant proteins, and 730 proteins were identified in the non-depleted samples. Whereas some dementia-related proteins were detected (Aβ peptide and α-synuclein protein), others were not (TDP-43, TMEM106B, and tau proteins). When the Bonferroni correction was applied to correct for multiple comparisons, only 4 proteins showed differential expression (LATE-NC vs non-LATE-NC) in the nondepleted samples (RBP4, MIF, IGHG3 and ITM2B), whereas none showed statistically different changes in the depleted samples. Post-hoc western blots confirmed that RBP4 expression was higher in the LATE-NC cases at the group level, but there was overlap between the levels of RBP4 in LATE-NC and non-LATE-NC cases.
Conclusions: An exploratory assessment of CSF proteomes of autopsy-confirmed LATE-NC and non-LATE-NC cases from a community-based cohort failed to demonstrate a clear-cut proteomic fingerprint that distinguished the two groups. There was intriguing increase in RBP4 protein levels in CSF from LATE-NC cases. This may provide clues about pathogenetic mechanisms in LATE-NC.
Naturally occurring T-cell-mediated antitumor immune response to LINE-1 antigens in mice that can be enhanced by vaccination and TLR5 agonist
Authors: Leonova Katerina I. , Gleiberman Anatoli S. , Jaravine Victor , Trageser Nicholas H. , Novototskaya-Vlasova Ksenia A. , Antoch Marina P. , Kurnasov Oleg V. , Osterman Andrei L. , Andrianova Ekaterina L. , Gudkov Andrei V. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
LINE-1 (L1) repeats, the most prevalent family of autonomous retrotransposons in mammalian genomes, encode two polypeptides: ORF1p and ORF2p. Although epigenetically repressed in healthy tissues, L1 elements often derepress in tumors, rendering L1 antigens potential targets for anticancer immunotherapy. To explore this potential, we established mouse tumor-derived cell lines expressing either ORF1p or a synthesized protein featuring projected T-cell epitopes of ORF2p, both fused with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). L1 antigen expression significantly diminished tumorigenicity and stimulated immunocyte infiltration within syngeneic tumors in immunocompetent mice. However, it did not affect cell growth in culture, tumor growth in immunodeficient SCID and RAG mice, or in immunosenescent old mice. Natural T-cell response to L1-expressing cells was enhanced by systemic stimulation of innate immunity by the TLR5 agonist entolimod or immunization with vaccine based on synthetic peptides representing predicted T-cell-reactive epitopes of L1 antigens. Prophylactic anti-L1 vaccination notably postponed tumor onset in MMTV-Her2/neu mouse breast cancer model and suppressed lung metastasis in B16 melanoma models. Additionally, it decelerated the aging-associated frailty index. We assume that intrinsic T-cell-mediated response to L1-expressing cells acts as a tumor suppressor and antiaging mechanism that can be further stimulated by immunomodulatory interventions.
Aqueous botanical extracts, via different extraction methods, for control of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)
Authors: Escobar-Garcia Hector Alonso , Nascimento Vinícius Ferraz , De Melo Márcio Aparecido , Ramalho Dagmara Gomes , De Bortoli Sergio Antonio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a vegetable pest of the genus Brassica worldwide. The development of new, safer bio insecticides with less negative impacts on human health, flora, fauna, and specific to the target is needed to combat this pest, particularly in small-scale organic agriculture. In this sense, the efficiency of 7 plant species in the form of aqueous botanical extracts was evaluated regarding the bio insecticide effect, using three extraction methods (orbital agitation, decoction, and infusion). There was a difference between the treatments, highlighting the decoction of Couroupita guianensis, which presented the highest efficiency (39%) for second-instar larvae of P. xylostella, followed by infusions of Codiaeum variegatum and Ruta graveolens, both with a 29% efficiency rate. The 3 extraction methods were statistically different, with decoction and orbital agitation presenting the best results.
Effect of olanzapine exposure on relapse and brain structure in patients with major depressive disorder with psychotic features
Authors: Mulsant Benoit H. , Kim Helena , Voineskos Aristotle , Neufeld Nicholas , Alexopoulos George , Bingham Kathleen , Flint Alastair , Marino Patricia , Rothschild Anthony , Whyte Ellen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Some data suggest that antipsychotics may adversely affect brain structure. We examined the relationship among olanzapine exposure, relapse, and changes in brain structure in patients with major depressive disorder with psychotic features. We analyzed data from the Study of the Pharmacotherapy of Psychotic Depression II trial (STOP-PD II), a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in patients with psychotic depression who attained remission on sertraline and olanzapine and were randomized to continue sertraline plus olanzapine or placebo for 36 weeks. Olanzapine steady state concentration (SSC) were calculated based on sparsely-sampled levels. Rates of relapse and changes in brain structure were assessed as outcomes. There were significant associations between dosage and relapse rates (N = 118; HR = 0.94, 95%CI [0.897, 0.977], p = 0.002) or changes in left cortical thickness (N = 44; B = -2.0x10-3, 95%CI [-3.1x10-3, - 9.6 x 10-4], p < 0.001) and between SSC and changes in left cortical thickness (N = 44; B = -8.7 x 10-4, 95%CI [-1.4x10-3, -3.6 x 10-4], p = 0.001). Similar results were found for the right cortex. These associations were no longer significant when the analysis was restricted to participants treated with olanzapine. Our findings suggest that, within its therapeutic range, the effect of olanzapine on relapse or cortical thickness does not depend on its dosage or SSC. Further research is needed on the effect of olanzapine and other antipsychotics on mood symptoms and brain structure.
Fast and accurate taxonomic classification for viral genomes with VISTA
Authors: Bao Yiming , Zhang Tao , Guo Xutong , Zhang Xinran , Zheng Xinchang , Zhang Mochen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The exponential growth of viral genome sequences in public databases has created a pressing need for a universal, scalable, and automated taxonomic framework to facilitate comprehensive virus studies. Here, we present VISTA (Virus Sequence-based Taxonomy Assignment), a novel computational tool for virus taxonomy featuring a pairwise sequence comparison system and an automatic demarcation threshold identification framework. VISTA leverages physio-chemical property sequences, k-mer profiles and selected features to construct a comprehensive distance-based framework for taxonomic clustering. Through a systematic comparison with the Pairwise Sequence Comparison (PASC), we demonstrate that VISTA achieves significantly improved separation for taxonomic groups, establishes more objective taxonomic demarcation thresholds, and runs at a substantially faster speed. We successfully applied VISTA to the class Caudoviricetesand 38 other virus families, indicating that our approach is robust, scalable, and capable of providing taxonomy assignments for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic viruses. Moreover, the application of VISTA to 679 unclassified phage genomes recovered from metagenomic data identified 46 novel virus families. VISTA is available as both a command line tool and a user-friendly web portal at https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/vista.
Validity of the Holmlund-Grooten Sub-maximal Arm Crank Ergometer-Test for Estimating Peak Oxygen Uptake in Wheelchair Users with Spinal Cord Injury.
Authors: Holmlund Tobias , Grooten Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Most tests for estimating peak aerobic capacity in men and women with motor-complete Spinal Cord Injury (mcSCI) require advanced laboratory technology, indicating there is a need for an easy-to-administer submaximal arm crank ergometry test. The present study aimed to determine the validity and psychometric properties of a newly developed Holmlund-Grooten test for estimating the absolute peak oxygen consumption in individuals with mcSCI. In total, 64 persons (16 females) with mcSCI performed a protocol including submaximal and maximal arm crank ergometry. Maximal and submaximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) was measured using indirect calorimetry. A forward logistic regression model including heart rate, Watt, perceived exertion (Borg RPE) and several demographic variables were used to predict absolute VO2peak. The final prediction model included five significant (p < 0.05) variables (sex, Watt, injury level, heart rate, Borg RPE) that were able to predict absolute VO2peak (adjusted R2 = 0.79). The Holmlund-Grooten test showed excellent validity (ICC[3,1] = 0.89; 95%CI 0.83–0.93) and good psychometric properties: Standard Error of the Mean (SEM = 0.038 L·min− 1) and Minimal Detectable Change (MDC = 0.11 L·min− 1). No adverse events were reported. Separate tables for men and women and tetra- and paraplegia estimating VO2peak are presented for clinical use.
Structural variants in the Epb41l4a locus may cause disruption of TADs, misregulation of the Nrep gene, and neurodevelopmental outcomes
Authors: Salnikov Pavel , Korablev Alexey , Serova Irina , Belokopytova Polina , Yan Aleksandra , Stepanchuk Yana , Tikhomirov Savelii , Fishman Veniamin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Structural variations are a pervasive feature of human genomes, and there is growing recognition of their role in disease development through their impact on spatial chromatin architecture. This understanding has led us to investigate the clinical significance of CNVs in noncoding regions that influence TAD structures. In this study, we focused on the Epb41l4a locus, which contains a highly conserved TAD boundary present in both human chromosome 5 and mouse chromosome 18, and its association with neurodevelopmental phenotypes. Analysis of human data from the DECIPHER database revealed that CNVs within this locus, including both deletions and duplications, are correlated with neurological abnormalities, such as dyslexia and intellectual disability. To understand these associations, we generated mouse models with deletion and inversion mutations at this locus and carried out RNA-seq analysis to elucidate gene expression changes. We found that modifications in the Epb41l4a TAD boundary led to dysregulation of the Nrep gene, which plays a crucial role in nervous system development. These findings underscore the potential pathogenicity of these CNVs and highlight the crucial role of spatial genome architecture in gene expression regulation.
Modeling birth registration in Savannah Region using Linear Mixed Effects Model
Authors: Issah Fatawu , Jakperik Dioggban 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Birth registration is essential to organizations and the country for development planning purposes. The Births and Deaths Registry is the most important source of data on the size, composition, growth, and distribution of a country’s population at the national and sub-national levels. If a government’s birth records are incorrect, it may not allocate adequate resources to immunization programs, education budgets, or programs designed to combat exploitation. The study was conducted to identify the factors that influence birth registration in the Savannah region.
Method: The study used secondary data from 2020 and 2021 birth registration obtained from the Savannah regional births and deaths office. Two main analytical methods were used for the study; Linear Mixed Effects and Structural equation models.
Results: The variables that influence birth registrations are mothers’ and fathers’ education, occupation, informant and place of residence.
Conclusion: There is therefore the need to intensify education in the region, especially the rural areas and areas with high illiteracy rates to improve birth registration in the region.