bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient deactivation of aerosolized pathogens using a dielectric barrier discharge based cold-plasma detergent in environment device for good indoor air quality
Authors: Jangra Ramavtar , Ahlawat Kiran , Dixit Ambesh , Prakash Ram 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAir pollution is one of the top 5 risks causing chronic diseases according to WHO and airborne transmitted pathogens infection is a huge challenge in the current era. Long living pathogens and small size aerosols are not effectively dealt with by the available indoor air purifiers. In this work, a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) based portable cold-plasma detergent in environment device is reported and its disinfection efficiency has been analyzed in the indoor environment of sizes up to 3 × 2.4 × 2.4 m3. The deactivation efficiency of total microbial counts (TMCs) and total fungal counts (TFCs) is found to be more than 99% in 90 min of continuous operation of the device at the optimized parameters. The complete inactivation of MS2 phage and Escherichia coli bacteria with more than 5 log reduction (99.999%) has also been achieved in 30 min and 90 min of operation of the device in an enclosed environment. The device is able to produce negative ions predominantly dominated by natural plasma detergent along with positive ions in the environment similar to mother nature. The device comprises a coaxial DBD geometry plasma source with a specially designed wire mesh electrode of mild steel with a thickness of 1 mm. The need for feed gas, pellets and/or differential pressure has been eliminated from the DBD discharge source for efficient air purification. The existence of negative ions for more than 25 s on average is the key advantage, which can also deactivate long living pathogens and small size aerosols.
Characterization of olfactomedin 4+ cells in prostate and urethral-tube epithelium during murine postnatal development and in adult mice
Authors: Li Hongzhen , Chaitankar Vijender , Cui Lena , Chen Weiping , Chin Kyung , Zhu Jianqiong , Liu Wenli , Rodgers Griffin P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOlfactomedin4 (Olfm4) is expressed in normal mouse prostate. However, Olfm4+ cells in the murine prostate have not been well characterized. In this study, we generated an Olfm4eGFP reporter mouse line with C57BL/6 mice and investigated the distribution of Olfm4/eGFP-expressing cells during postnatal development from P1, P7, P14, P20, P42, P56 to adult male mouse prostate and urethral tube. We observed Olfm4/eGFP expression in urogenital and prostatic epithelial cells during early postnatal development, which persisted into adulthood in urethral-tube and anterior-prostate (AP) epithelium. We found Olfm4+ cells are E-cadherin+/CD44+/Foxa1+ and some of subpopulation are Ck8+/Ck5+/Sca-1-/Ck4-/Syn- in the adult mouse AP epithelium. Functional studies of single-cell preparations of Olfm4/eGFP-expressing cells isolated from adult Olfm4eGFP mouse prostate demonstrated that Olfm4+ cells can grow and form colonies, spheres, or organoids in culture. Bioinformatic analysis of Olfm4+ cells using single-cell RNA sequencing meta data in adult mouse urethra (GSE145865) identified upregulation of genes related to cell and tissue migration and development, as well as upregulation of xenobiotic metabolism signaling pathways. In conclusion, Olfm4eGFP mouse is a novel model to further study Olfm4’s biological functions and Olfm4+ cells may contribute importantly to cellular processes supporting development and homeostasis of the epithelium in murine prostate and urethral tube.
Rapidly, sensitive quantitative assessment of thiopental via forced stability indicating validated RP-HPLC method and its in-use stability activities
Authors: Al-Hakkani Mostafa F. , Ahmed Nourhan , Hassan Mohammad H. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThiopental sodium (Tho) is an intravenous anesthetic. The current study aimed to find a rapid RP-HPLC method of Tho analysis with high linearity, repeatability, sensitivity, selectivity, and inexpensive. In our developed method, there is no need to use special chemical reagents, a high percentage of organic solvent, a high flow rate, or a further guard column. The chromatographic system consists of an ODS column (150 mm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm). The mobile phase was prepared by mixing KH2PO4solution: methanol (40:60) with a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min at a detection wavelength of 230 nm, at room temperature using an injection volume of 10 μL. The method manifested a satisfied linearity regression R2(0.9997) with a good repeatability precision range (0.16–0.47%) with LOD and LOQ; 14.4 μg/mL and 43.6 μg/mL respectively. Additionally, the method proved its efficiency via system suitability achievement in robustness and ruggedness, according to the validation guidelines. The shorter analysis time makes the method very valuable in quality control to quantify the commercial Tho in pharmaceutical preparations. This improved HPLC method has been successfully applied for Tho analysis for Thiopental UP Pharma 500 mg vials and Thiopental Eipico 1.0 g vials in our routine finished and stability studies testing laboratories. Additionally, the detection limit of Tho has been tested in our quality control lab to detect the smallest amount of traces that may be present after the cleaning process of the production machines for cephalosporins preparations. The method has shown positive results for Tho in low-level raw materials and pharmaceutical formulations.
A predictive signal model for dynamic cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Curtis Aaron D. , Mertens Alexander J. , Cheng Hai-Ling Margaret 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRobust dynamic cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been a long-standing endeavor—as real-time imaging can provide information on the temporal signatures of disease we currently cannot assess—with the past decade seeing remarkable advances in acceleration using compressed sensing (CS) and artificial intelligence (AI). However, substantial limitations to real-time imaging remain and reconstruction quality is not always guaranteed. To improve reconstruction fidelity in dynamic cardiac MRI, we propose a novel predictive signal model that uses a priori statistics to adaptively predict temporal cardiac dynamics. By using a small training set obtained from the same patient, the new signal model can achieve robust dynamic cardiac MRI in the presence of irregular cardiac rhythm. Evaluation on simulated irregular cardiac dynamics and prospectively undersampled clinical cardiac MRI data demonstrate improved reconstruction quality for two reconstruction frameworks: Kalman filter and CS. The predictive model also works with different undersampling patterns (cartesian, radial, spiral) and can serve as a versatile foundation for robust dynamic cardiac MRI.
Transmitter selection for secrecy against colluding eavesdroppers with backhaul uncertainty
Authors: Wafai Burhan , Dubey Ankit , Kundu Chinmoy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to the exponential growth of interconnected devices and reduced cell coverage, beyond fifth‐generation networks will be dense. Thus, instead of wired backhaul, wireless backhaul will be cost‐effective and flexible. For security in multi‐transmitter systems, sub‐optimal and optimal transmitter selection schemes exist. However, including backhaul activity knowledge available (BKA) and backhaul activity knowledge unavailable (BKU) cases and transmitter selection schemes, there is no generalized secrecy analysis method. Moreover, evaluation of the ergodic secrecy rate (ESR) of the optimal selection schemes is impossible using existing solution approaches. To address these, two sub‐optimal and optimal transmitter selection schemes are proposed for a small‐cell multi‐transmitter system in BKU or BKA cases in the presence of multiple colluding eavesdroppers. The distribution of the ratio of the destination channel SNR and eavesdropping channel SNR is derived, thereby providing different secrecy performance metrics uniformly irrespective of selection schemes and BKU or BKA cases. Simplified asymptotic expressions are provided to elucidate the influence of the system parameters and of the backhaul reliability. It is observed that the secrecy performance improves when the knowledge of backhaul link activity is utilized, and the improvement is most noticeable when the backhaul is highly unreliable. It is also observed that while the secrecy performance degrades with an increasing number of eavesdroppers, neither the asymptotic saturation value of the secrecy outage probability nor the rate of improvement of the ESR with signal‐to‐noise‐ratio depends on the number of eavesdroppers.
Evolution of grounding failure‐insulation failure of 10 kV cable joints: Prerequisites of an explosion in enclosed cable trench
Authors: Zhao Yifeng , Liu Gang , Guo Yaodong , Huang Chenglong , He Zhaoming , Hu Ran 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn explosion accident in an enclosed cable trench caused by the discharge of 10 kV three‐phase cable joints is discussed. Combined with the disassembly analysis, the fault recording data analysis, and the validation of experiment, the evolution of the cable joint fault is deduced and discussed. The results show that the trigger of the cable joint fault is the creepage discharge at the cross‐linked polyethylene–silicon rubber insulation interface. This results in the partial breakdown and the grounding failure of three‐phase cable joints. Under the long‐term floating potential and current thermal effect, the insulations are gradually ablated and decomposed into a large amount of combustible gas. Finally, the accumulated combustible gas is ignited by the arc caused by a three‐phase short circuit at the moment of the reclosing operation. The analytical method and conclusions proposed in this paper can provide suggestions and guidance to prevent analogous distribution network cable joint fault accidents.
Observation of an upward lightning flash with 21 upward positive leaders initiated from different wind turbines in wind farm
Authors: Cai Li , Ke Yifeng , Fan Wenchao , Yan Ruisheng , Zhou Mi , Wang Jianguo , Fan Yadong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs the wind turbine height increases, the probability of multiple upward leaders flashes within the wind farm increases. In this study, an upward lightning flash containing 21 upward positive leaders (UPLs) initiated from different wind turbines in Zhangbei Wind Farm was analysed. The average speed of the UPLs was 1.2 × 105 m/s, which mostly decreased to zero before reaching the cloud height. Only four UPLs developed to cloud height, with prolonged periods of bright light on three of them and with a minimum duration of 126 ms. A total of nine return strokes occurred on the other two dissipated leader channels, and the numbers of strokes on the two channels was six and three, respectively. The average interstroke interval for the return strokes was 10.5 ms. Most of these nine return strokes had peak currents smaller than 10 kA. The high‐speed video frames confirmed that competition does exist between the UPLs, and the range of shielding effects increases as the height of the ULs increases. The effect of fan rotation on the initiation of upward leaders and the shielding effect between the wind turbines and upward leaders are discussed.
The spectral index-flux density relation for extragalactic radio sources selected at metre and decametre wavelengths
Authors: Dabhade Pratik , Gopal-Krishna  
Published: June 2023

We use the recent releases of sensitive VLA/LOFAR large-area surveys at 340 MHz and 54 MHz, in conjunction with the 1.4 GHz NVSS, to accurately determine the ‘spectral index-flux density relation’ (α − S) for extragalactic radio sources selected at metre and decametre wavelengths, with the latter explored for the first time. This newly determinedα − S340 MHzrelation shows a progressive flattening ofαmediantowards lower flux densities, starting from its steepest value (peak) occurring nearS340 MHz ∼ 1 − 2 Jy. This resolves the controversy extant in the literature since the 1980s. Theα − S54 MHzrelation also shows a spectral index flattening with decreasing flux density which is, however, significantly milder and the relation less sharply peaked than that found at 340 MHz. A possible reason for the difference could be that the 54 MHz sample has a distinctly stronger and more conspicuous presence ( at ∼20% level) of very steep spectrum sources havingα541400 < −1.3, most of which are probably associated with clusters of galaxies.
Perovskite-inspired materials for energy applications
Authors: Hoye Robert L Z 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Lead-halide perovskites have come to dominate the emerging photovoltaics research scene over the past decade. But whilst perovskite photovoltaics exhibit exceptional efficiencies, their limited stability, as well as the toxicity of their lead component remain challenges. This focus collection captures a snapshot of the efforts in the community to address these challenges, from modifications to the synthesis and device structure of perovskite photovoltaics to improve their stability, through to efforts to understand, develop, and improve lead-free perovskite-inspired materials (PIMs). PIMs range from direct perovskite-derivatives (e.g. CsSnI3 or halide elpasolites) through to electronic analogs (e.g. BiOI). The collection discusses the application of these materials not only for solar cells, but also more broadly for photodetection, light emission, and anti-counterfeiting devices. This collection emphasizes the diversity of strategies and directions in this field, as well as its highly interdisciplinary nature.
Multiple soliton solutions and symmetry analysis of a nonlocal coupled KP system
Authors: Liu Xi-zhong , Li Jie-tong , Yu Jun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A nonlocal coupled Kadomtsev–Petviashivili (ncKP) system with shifted parity (

P

ˆ

s

x

) and delayed time reversal (

T

ˆ

d

) symmetries is generated from the local coupled Kadomtsev–Petviashivili (cKP) system. By introducing new dependent variables which have determined parities under the action of

P

ˆ

s

x

T

ˆ

d

d

, the ncKP is transformed to a local system. Through this way, multiple even number of soliton solutions of the ncKPI system are generated from N-soliton solutions of the cKP system, which become breathers by choosing appropriate parameters. The standard Lie symmetry method is also applied on the ncKPII system to get its symmetry reduction solutions.
Reciprocating Magnetic Fields in the Pulsar Wind Observed from the Black Widow Pulsar J1720-0534
Authors: Miao Chen-Chen , Blackmon Victoria , Zhu Wei-Wei , Li Dong-Zi , Ge Ming-Yu , You Xiao-Peng , McLaughlin Maura , Li Di , Wang Na , Wang Pei , Niu Jia-Rui , Cruces M. , Yuan Jian-Ping , Bai Jun-Tao , Champion D. J. , Chen Yu-Tong , Chi Ming-Min , Freire P. C. C. , Feng Yi , Gan Zhen-Ye , Kramer M. , Kou Fei-Fei , Li Yu-Xi , Miao Xue-Li , Meng Ling-Qi , Niu Chen-Hui , Sun Sheng-Nan , Sun Zhong-Yi , Tedila H. M. , Wang Shuang-Qiang , Wu Qing-Dong , Wang Jing-Bo , Wen Zhi-Gang , Wang Shen , Wang Ya-Biao , Wang Cheng-Jie , Xue Meng-Yao , Yue You-Ling , Yuan Mao , Yao Ju-Mei , Yan Wen-Ming , Zhao Ru-Shuang , Zhang Lei , Zhao De 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We report the radio observations of the eclipsing black widow pulsar J1720−0534, a 3.26 ms pulsar in orbit with a low mass companion of mass 0.029 to 0.034 M
⊙. We obtain the phase-connected timing ephemeris and polarization profile of this millisecond pulsar (MSP) using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), the Green Bank Telescope (GBT), and the Parkes Telescope. For the first time from such a system, an oscillatory polarization angle change was observed from a particular eclipse egress with partial depolarization, indicating 10-milliGauss-level reciprocating magnetic fields oscillating in a length scale of 5 × 103 km (assuming an orbital inclination angle of 90°) outside the companion’s magnetosphere. The dispersion measure variation observed during the ingresses and egresses shows the rapid raising of the electron density in the shock boundary between the companion’s magnetosphere and the surrounding pulsar wind. We suggest that the observed oscillatory magnetic fields originate from the pulsar wind outside the companion’s magnetosphere.
Revisiting the Epoch of Cosmic Acceleration
Authors: Dahiya David , Jain Deepak 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We revisit the epoch of cosmic speed-up characterized by the redshift of transition from a decelerated to an accelerated phase. This redshift is termed the transition redshift (z

t
). We use the spatially flat and non-flat variants of the most common ΛCDM and XCDM models to put constraints on the transition redshift along with the other model parameters. The data for this analysis come from the recent and updated Pantheon+ supernova (SN) data set and the Hubble parameter measurements obtained from Cosmic Chronometers. We consider both data sets with their respective covariance matrices incorporating all statistical and systematic uncertainties. We observe that using the combined data sets of H(z) and SNe, the best fit value of transition redshift lies in the range 0.61 < z

t
< 0.79 for all four dark energy models. Incidentally, we observe a positive curvature for the non-flat models, correlations between several model parameters and a strong degeneracy between the curvature and the equation of state parameter.
Artificial intelligence-assisted analysis reveals amino acid effects and interactions on Limosilactobacillus fermentum growth
Authors: Kobayashi Yoshimi , Chiou Tai-Ying , Konishi Masaaki 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
To understand the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Limosilactobacillus fermentum, in response to medium compositions, a deep neural network (DNN) was designed using amino acids (AAs) as explanatory variables and LAB growth as the objective variable. Sixty-four different patterns of free AAs were set using an orthogonal array. The best DNN model had high accuracy with low mean square errors and predicted that Asp would affect LAB growth. Bayesian optimization (BO) using this model recommended an optimal growth media comprising maximum amounts of Asn, Asp, Lys, Thr, and Tyr and minimum amounts of Gln, Pro, and Ser. Furthermore, this proposed media was empirically validated to promote LAB growth. The absence of Gln, Ser, and Pro indicates that the different growth trends among the DNN–BO-optimized media were likely caused by the interactions among the AAs and the other components.
Brassica rapa L. prevents Western diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice through its binding capacity of cholesterol and fat
Authors: Tanaka Yuna , Inaba Chihiro , Sawa Toko , Endo Katsunori , Saiki Takeru , Haga Hazuki , Tanaka Sachi 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Obesity, a chronic disorder caused by excessive energy intake leading to fat accumulation in adipose tissue, increases the risk of severe diseases. Brassica rapa L. is known as a traditional vegetable in the Nagano area of Japan. C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to three groups, with different diets as follows: a normal diet, a Western diet (WD), and a WD plus B. rapa L. powder (BP) in a 56-day experiment. Brassica rapa L. supplementation reduced the body weight gain and lipid accumulation of mice significantly. The BP group also had higher fecal bile acid, total cholesterol, and triglyceride excretion levels compared with those in the other groups. The antiobesity effects of B. rapa L. were due to its binding with cholesterol and fat, and possibly enhancing the bile acid excretion and modulating gut microbiota, suggesting that B. rapa L. could be a functional vegetable with potential uses in targeting obesity.
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist use in chronic kidney disease with type 2 diabetes: a clinical practice document by the European Renal Best Practice (ERBP) board of the European Renal Association (ERA)
Authors: Sarafidis Pantelis , Iatridi Fotini , Ferro Charles , Alexandrou Maria-Eleni , Fernandez-Fernandez Beatriz , Kanbay Mehmet , Mallamaci Francesca , Nistor Ionut , Rossignol Patrick , Wanner Christoph , Cozzolino Mario , Ortiz Alberto 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) represents a major public health issue; it develops in about 30%–40% of patients with diabetes mellitus and is the most common cause of CKD worldwide. Patients with CKD and T2D are at high risk of both developing kidney failure and of cardiovascular events. Renin–angiotensin system (RAS) blockers were considered the cornerstone of treatment of albuminuric CKD in T2D for more than 20 years. However, the residual risk of progression to more advanced CKD stages under RAS blockade remains high, while in major studies with these agents in patients with CKD and T2D no significant reductions in cardiovascular events and mortality were evident. Steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are known to reduce albuminuria in individuals on RAS monotherapy, but their wide clinical use has been curtailed by the significant risk of hyperkalemia and absence of trials with hard renal outcomes. In recent years, non-steroidal MRAs have received increasing interest due to their better pharmacologic profile. Finerenone, the first compound of this class, was shown to effectively reduce the progression of kidney disease and of cardiovascular outcomes in participants with T2D in phase 3 trials. This clinical practice document prepared from a task force of the European Renal Best Practice board summarizes current knowledge on the role of MRAs in the treatment of CKD in T2D aiming to support clinicians in decision-making and everyday management of patients with this condition.
Initiation of eplerenone or spironolactone, treatment adherence, and associated outcomes in patients with new-onset heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Larsson Johan E , Denholt Cæcilie Stilling , Thune Jens Jakob , Raja Anna Axelsson , Fosbøl Emil , Schou Morten , Køber Lars , Nielsen Olav Wendelboe , Gustafsson Finn , Kristensen Søren L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) eplerenone and spironolactone are beneficial in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but have not been prospectively compared. We compared clinical outcomes, daily dosages, and discontinuation rates for the two drugs in a nationwide cohort.

Methods
We identified all patients with HFrEF in the period 2016–2020, who were alive and had initiated MRA treatment at study start, 180 days after HF diagnosis. We estimated the 2-year risk of a composite of death and HF hospitalization, as well as each component separately, using Kaplan–Meier, cumulative incidence functions, and Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities. Secondly, we assessed treatment withdrawal, cross-over, and daily drug dosage.

Results
We included 7479 patients; 653 (9%) on eplerenone and 6840 (91%) on spironolactone. Patients in the eplerenone group were younger (median age 65 vs. 69 years), and more often men (91% vs. 68%), both P &lt; 0.001. In adjusted analyses, with spironolactone as reference, there were no differences in the risk of the composite of all-cause death and HF hospitalization (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.82–1.27), all-cause death (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.67–1.30), or HF hospitalization (HR 1.10, 95% CI 0.84–1.42). Treatment withdrawal occurred in 34% in the eplerenone group and 53% in the spironolactone group (P &lt; 0.001), treatment cross-over in 3%, and 10%, respectively. Daily dose &gt;25 mg at 12 months, was observed in 230 patients (37%) in the eplerenone group and 771 patients (12%) in the spironolactone (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
In a contemporary nationwide cohort of patients with new-onset HFrEF who initiated MRA, we found no differences in clinical outcomes associated with initiation of eplerenone vs. spironolactone. Treatment was more frequently withdrawn, and daily drug dosage was lower among patients treated with spironolactone.