bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial inhibitory test of tomi-tomi fruit (Flacourtia iinermis Roxb) extracts against pathogenic bacteria in improving food safety
Authors: Nendissa Sandriana J 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The tomi-tomi fruit (Flacourtia inermis Roxb) is a rare plant. This fruit has benefits as a flavourings spice and also traditional medicine used by the community, besides it also contains tannins and flavonoid compounds that can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in food. To support the use of tomi-tomi fruit (F. inermis Roxb) and increase its application in supporting food safety, the purpose of this study is to test and see the antibacterial inhibitory power of tomi-tomi fruit extract against pathogenic bacteria, namely Gram-Negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium) and Gram-Positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus). This study is an experimental study using the Disc Diffusion method to determine the inhibitory power of bacterial growth using ethanol solvents with concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75%. The results showed that of the three concentrations of tomi-tomi fruit extract tested against pathogenic bacteria, it turned out that the ethanol extract concentration of tomi-tomi 75% had a very strong inhibitory power category in S. aureus bacteria of 39 mm, S. typhimurium of 32.7 mm and B. cereus of 34.0 mm. Thus, tomi-tomi fruit ethanol extract has an inhibitory power that can be used for decontamination of 3 types of bacteria, especially in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria which have very strong inhibitory power, to maintain quality and improve food safety, among others rice, milk, cheese, fish, and meat that is often contaminated.
Germinated rice: an overview of gaba, phenolic components and antioxidant activity
Authors: Duka Febby Suzanna , Rahman Andi Nur Faidah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article provides an overview of various studies reporting the correlation and mechanism of increased GABA, phenolic components, and antioxidant reactions in sprouted rice. Sprouted rice is viewed as a functional food because it contains nutrients such as GABA, antioxidants, and other metabolites that are excellent for health. The germination process significantly increases the availability of nutrients such as GABA by 15.4-fold and antioxidant activity by 0.43%. Germination not only adds to the nutrients already present but also introduces new components such as inositol, g-oryzanol, ferulic acid, phytic acid, zinc, tocotrienols, potassium, and prolyl endopeptidase inhibitors. Thus, sprouted rice products can be used as a means of dietary improvement and also as health-promoting foods.
Isothermic model of porang tuber (Amorphophallus muelleri B) flour
Authors: Fadila  , Muhidong J , Salim I 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Porang tuber (Amorphophallus muelleri B) is a tuber from the Araceae family with a high glucomannan content (15-64% dry basis). Things that can be done to extend the shelf life of porang tuber flour are by doing the flouring process. This research aims to determine the isothermic curve model of Porang tuber (Amorphophallus muelleri B) flour, namely, the isothermic curve model used to estimate the equilibrium moisture content about the rh of storage. The research method used was to store samples of porang tuber flour in a desiccator with an rh interval of 17-80%. Storage was carried out until the sample’s water content reached equilibrium. Parameters of water content and determination of the best model based on the highest R2 value at the end of storage of porang tuber samples while in the desiccator. The results of the research that has been done show that a material’s water content is affected by temperature and storage rh. To determine the best model, it is shown with the model that has the highest R2 value. The Henderson model and Chung-Pfost model is the model that has the highest R2 value. The value obtained at 30 °C is 0.9556, and at 40 °C is 0,9838. The model with the highest R2 value indicates that the model is the best and most appropriate model that can be used to describe the best water absorption in porang tuber flour.
Formulation of purple yam (Dioscorea alata L.) and mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L.) extract powder to ice cream making
Authors: Tahir M M , Burhan Z , Fahira N N , Tayang S H , Murti H K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Ice cream is a frozen food product made from milk with added sweetener. The addition of purple yam and mangosteen peel extract powder has the potential to enhance the product’s nutritional compounds. Purple yam and mangosteen peel extract powder have a high antioxidant content. The research aims to find out the best formulation of ice cream with the addition of purple yam and mangosteen extract powder on the physical and sensory properties, antioxidant activity, and anthocyanin compounds. This method used ice cream formulations with different concentrations of the two factors, purple yam, and mangosteen peel extract powder and continued to the organoleptic test, antioxidant test, anthocyanin test, ice cream melting speed, and overrun. Results obtained in the research showed the best three sensory properties based on the organoleptic test were 40% Purple yam + 0.2 % mangosteen; 40% Purple Yam + 0.6 % mangosteen; 50% Purple Yam + 0.4% mangosteen. The best overall formulation is 50% purple yam + 0.4% mangosteen peel extract powder with an overrun value of 2.53%, melting speed of 2.14%, and antioxidant activity of 89.63%, moreover 27.13 CyE/g of total anthocyanin. The research concluded that the additional purple yam and mangosteen peel extract powder could improve the ice cream’s antioxidant activity and the total anthocyanin.
The effect of soaking time on brown rice germination by using different types of water
Authors: Kakisina Stevano William , Rahman Andi Nur Faidah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This research is the initial stage of the entire process of developing a functional drink based on germinated brown rice flour. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of the type of water used and it’s relation to the duration of soaking brown rice in the germination process. From previous research, it is known that the germination process can significantly increase Gamma-aminobutyic acid (GABA) levels. GABA itself is a bioactive component which is a requirement so that this product can later be said to be a functional food. The type of water used in this study was bottled mineral water and Reserve Osmosis (RO) water with a variation of soaking time of 12 and 24 hours. The parameters observed were moisture content, ash content and carbohydrate content. The results showed that the highest water content was obtained from soaking in mineral water for 24 hours (10.9%). The highest ash content was obtained from soaking for 24 hours in mineral water (1.67%). The highest carbohydrate content was obtained from the control treatment (78.65%).
Utilization of shrimp shell as a substitute ingredient in mineral and protein enrichment of tempeh steak product
Authors: Djalal Muspirah , Fathanah Nurul , Hidayat Serli Hatul , Ainani Andi Fadiah , Yolanda Dewi Sisilia , Kasmira  , Nur Farahdiba Suriadi A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Indonesia has great potential for seafood products and has imported seafood products as one main imported product for the marine industry. The imported shrimp is deshelled, so the shell has a great potential to end waste and can be harmful if disposed to the environment. In this study, the shrimp shell will be utilized as a substitute in the production of tempeh steak to determine the effect of different concentrations of Shrimp Shell Flour (SSF) addition to the tempeh product. This study resulted that the addition of SSF added the ash (mineral) and protein content and lowered the water content along with the higher concentration of SSF added. The addition of SSF did not have an effect on the fat and carbohydrate content of the product produced. It can be concluded that the SSF can be utilized as a substitute to increase the ash (mineral) and protein content of tempeh steak products.
Formulation of carrageenan with different treatments on the chemical and sensory qualities of seaweed boba
Authors: Nur Isma Auliah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Boba is the main ingredient derived from tapioca flour for boba drinks. One effort to increase fiber nutrition and antioxidants in boba drinks is to substitute carrageenan flour. This study aims to determine the effect of adding carrageenan to bubble pearls on the chemical and organoleptic qualities of bubble pearls. The research design used RAK (Randomized Block Design) with two factor, namely variations of carrageenan and tapioca flour. The results showed that the chemical and organoleptic analysis of bubble pearl with the best formulation was treatment P1 (Tapioca flour: 60% and carrageenan with immersion method 40%) with a moisture content of 25.01%, ash content 6.73%, fat content 0.21%, protein content is 1.28%, carbohydrate content is 66.77%, and fiber content is 5.61% by organoleptic test, taste 6.42, aroma 5.92, texture 6.23 and color 5.08.
The proportion of moringa leaves and empty oil palm fruit bunches for making good bokashi and its application dosage for okra
Authors: Nurseha  , Dyaksa O C , Prihanani  , Sagala D , Mulatsih S , Nurlianti  , Dermawan R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to obtain the appropriate proportion of moringa leaves and empty oil palm fruit bunches for making good bokashi according to standard organic fertilizers and their application dosage to okra plants. The experiment of the combination of moringa leaf and empty palm oil fruit bunches (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) and the application dosage to okra plants (10, 15, 20, and 25 tons ha−1) were arranged according to a completely randomized design with three replication. The results showed that single moringa leaf bokashi with a C/N ratio of 2.8 became 6-7.5 in moringa leaves-empty oil palm fruit bunches bokashi. The mixed bokashi in a ratio of 1:1 had a crumb texture and was black. Bokashis in a ratio of 1:2 and 1:3 had a slight crumb texture and blackish-brown colour. Only the number of leaves was affected by the ratio of moringa leaves and empty palm oil bunches and the application dose. The composition of moringa leaves and empty oil palm fruit bunches and the application dosage did not significantly affect the growth and yield of okra plants. However, the growth and yield of okra plants tended to be better at a 1:2 ratios of 10 tons ha−1 application dose.
The growth of the garlic of Lumbu Hijau variety in three different microclimatic conditions
Authors: Cartika I , Sardin  , Kirana R , Hasyim A , Idris I , Kartiwa G M , Minanda M A , Samuel C , Rizqulloh M A , Ayu W S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
More than 90% of the need for garlic consumption in Indonesia is supplied from imports. One of the efforts to minimize the dependence on the import of garlic is through microclimate manipulation sub-tropical conditions in the growth chamber. This study aims to examine the growth of the early vegetative phase and bulb of garlic in three different microclimatic conditions. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design with four replications. The treatments consisted of three microclimatic conditions, i.e. (1) Smart Growth Chamber (SGC) in a tray with solar spectrum of LED irradiation conditions with a constant intensity of 10.000 lux; light/dark period of 14/10 hours controlled temperature of 22-25°C and humidity of 60–70%; (2) open field in trays, and uncontrolled microclimate (control 1); and (3) open field in mulched plots; and uncontrolled microclimate (control 2). The parameters observed were the plant height, growth rate, chlorophyll content, bulb size and qualitative character. Data analysis used was the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by LSD significant difference test using the PKBT-Stat 3.1 version. The results of the study showed the initial success in manipulating microclimatic conditions through planting in SGC. The plant height, growth rate, chlorophyll content and bulb size in SGC were higher than control 1 and control 2.
Increased Yield of Three Shallot Varieties from Seed with Addition of Liquid Organic Fertilizer in the Highlands
Authors: Marpaung A E , Karo B , Barus S , Hutabarat R C , Tarigan R , Napitupulu D , Sembiring P 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Shallots are a vegetable commodity that is considered used as a spice in cooking, so the need of the consumer is high. To supply this high consumption is needed increased productivity. Productivity can be increased by using varieties suitable for the growing environment, quality seeds, and proper fertilization. One of the uses of quality seeds is from seeds, but to obtain high production from seeds, appropriate fertilization is necessary. The goal of the study is to establish the liquid organic fertilizers type and the shallot variety from true shallot seed (TSS) can increase yield in the highlands. This research was conducted in IP2TP Berastagi, with a height of 1340 m asl and andisol. This study was conducted from May to September 2018. The Randomized Block Design factorial was used as a research design with 3 replications. The first factor is liquid organic fertilizer (LOF): Without LOF, Rabbit manure LOF, Fish fertilizer LOF, and Fish LOF. The second factor is shallot varieties from seed: Bima, Trisula, and Tuktuk. The results showed that the growth of shallots had no effect in giving liquid organic fertilizer to the seeds. The Trisula shallot variety can adapt to grow and produce well in highlands, while the Tuk-tuk variety is only adapted for growth and the Bima variety is less adaptive for growth and yield. The Trisula shallot variety with rabbit manure liquid organic fertilizer was able to give the best results compared to other treatment combinations (increased the yield by 13.70 – 65.10%.). The Trisula variety can be recommended for planting in highlands by utilizing LOF of rabbit manure.
Characteristics of bokashi organic fertilizer from etawa goat feces
Authors: Saputra Imran , Syaiful Syatrianti Andi , Musa Yunus 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Livestock waste such as feces, urine, and leftover feed left without further treatment can harm the environment in the form of air, water, and soil pollution. Therefore, efforts are needed to process livestock waste into useful products in the form of organic fertilizers. Livestock waste that has the potential to be a source of organic fertilizer is etawa goat waste. Etawa goat feces processing technology in the form of bokashi fertilizer made from fermented livestock and agricultural wastes using EM-4. Bokashi fertilizer contains a variety of essential macro and micronutrients needed by plants and can improve soil fertility and quality. This research aims to determine whether bokashi fertilizer with the main ingredients of etawa goat feces has various formulations, specifically P1 (bokashi pure etawa goat feces), P2 (bokashi etawa goat feces with roasted husks), P3 (bokashi etawa goat feces with tea dregs), and P4 (bokashi feces etawa goat with sawdust) has physical and chemical characteristics according to SNI organic fertilizer (Indonesian National Standard-2011). This research method uses a descriptive research design. The research data were obtained through laboratory analysis of various formulations of etawa goat feces bokashi fertilizer samples and compared the results with the solid organic fertilizer standard SNI (Indonesian National Standard)-2011. Based on the results of the research showed that etawa goat feces bokashi fertilizer with various formulations, specifically P1 (bokashi pure etawa goat feces), P2 (bokashi etawa goat feces with roasted husks), P3 (bokashi etawa goat feces with tea dregs), and P4 (bokashi feces etawa goat with sawdust) has physical and chemical characteristics that are following the solid organic fertilizer standard SNI-2011, except for the C/N ratio and the number of macronutrients (N, P, and K).
Financial feasibility of introduced rice cultivation technology on tidal type B (case of Belanti Siam Village, Pandih Batu District, Pulang Pisau Regency)
Authors: D Y Rina , Hairani A , Sulaeman Y , Annisa W 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Food Estate program in the tidal swampland of Central Kalimantan was implemented to anticipate the food crisis in Indonesia. To obtain information on the financial feasibility of introduced rice cultivation technology on tidal type B, dissemination was carried out in Belanti Siam Village, Pandih Batu District, Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan Province, covering an area of 12 hectares in dry season 2021. The introduced rice cultivation technology package which calledPanca Kelolaconsists of water management, land preparation, amelioration and fertilization, adaptive varieties, and management of plant-disturbing organisms. The results of the dissemination showed that the introduced cultivation technology increased the production of high yield inbred rice by 39.20% (1,044.3 kg ha−1) and 48.5% (1,782.6 kg ha−1) of high yield hybrid rice compared to farmer’s technology. Economically, rice cultivation technology using hybrid rice varieties with transplanting systems and inbred rice varieties with direct seed planting systems were profitable and efficient. Rice cultivation technology using hybrid rice varieties with transplanting systems can be developed on a wide scale. Farmer’s perception of introduced rice cultivation technology was positive.
Growth and production of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) applied by Trichoderma harzianum fungus Tithonia diversifolia compost
Authors: Nasir R A , Syam’un E , Mantja K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Red onions are such a demanding horticultural product that farmers have to grow them intensively. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of composting applications of Trichoderma harzianum and his Tithonia diversifolia on shallot growth and production. This research was conducted from October 2021 to January 2022 in Sekkang, Mattiro Sompe, Pinrang, South Sulawesi. The study was conducted by experiment using split plot design in a randomized complete block design which consisted of 2 plot factors such as the Trichoderma harzianum fungus as a main plot with 4 levels of doses, and the sub-plots using Tithonia diversifolia compost with 4 levels of doses. The research was done in three main steps: preparing the media and the material, maintenance and examining the result. The results showed that there was an interaction between the treatment of Trichoderma harzianum 15 g with Tithonia diversifolia compost 3 kg per plot, which gave the best results for plant height (41.78 cm). Then, the application of Trichoderma harzianum 10 g with Tithonia diversifolia compost 3 kg per plot gave the best results on the of tuber fresh weight (89.89 g), tuber dry weight (74.61 g) and production per hectare (18,65 ton).
Response on growth and production of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) due to application of bio-slurry and biochar
Authors: Sunanryani C F , Nasaruddin  
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aims to determine the best concentration of bioslurry and type of biochar for cayenne pepper growth and production. The research was conducted from March to June 2022 located in Sompe Village, Sabbangparu District, Wajo Regency. The research was carried out in the form of 2-factor factorial experiment using a randomized block design. Four concentration of bio-slurry, used as the first factor, were 0, 125, 250, and 250 cc per plot. The second factor was types of biochar consisted of control, rice husk biochar, corn cob biochar, and coconut shell biochar with a dosage of 4.4 kg per plot. Research results show no significant interaction occurred between the bioslurry and biochar treatments that affect the growth and production of cayenne pepper. Use of coconut shell biochar treatment resulted in the highest plant (36.31 cm) while application of rice husk biochar resulted in the highest number of fruits per plant (30.27), weight per fruit (4 g), fruit weight per plant (34.88 g), and fruit weight per plot (139.54 g). Treatment of rice husk biochar is the most optimal treatment in upgrading the production of cayenne pepper plant.
The effect of varieties of true shallot seed and paclobutrazol concentrations on growth and production of shallot plant
Authors: Sidik D A , Syam’un E , Ulfa F 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The increasing demand for shallots is inversely proportional to the quality of the current production. Efforts to improve and increase quality of production are selection of good varieties and add plant regulatory substances has also become the focus of many researchers in their effect on plant growth. Therefore, research was carried out on the effect of the varieties and also plant regulatory substances namely paclobutrazol on the growth and production of shallot plants. This research was carried out at the Teaching Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University from August to November 2021. This research was carried out as a factorial experiment in a split plot design, as the main plot, namely the botanical seed varieties of shallot (v) consists of 3 varieties, namely the Lokananta varieties (v1), Maserati varieties (v2), and Sanren varieties (v3), as a sub-plot, namely the concentration of paclobutrazol consists of 4 levels, namely 0 ppm (k0), 100 ppm (k1), 200 ppm (k2) and 300 ppm (k3). The research results showed that the interaction of the Sanren varieties with paclobutrazol concentration of 100 ppm gave the best results on the weight of fresh stover per plant (26.04 g), weight of dry stover per plant (19.23 g) and production per hectare (9.20 ton/ha). The Sanren varieties gave the best results on chlorophyll a (387.23 μmol.m−2), chlorophyll b (187.12 μmol.m−2), total chlorophyll (564.14 μmol.m−2) and number of tubers (1.81). Paclobutrazol concentration of 100 ppm gave the best results on plant height (43.07 cm) and number of leaves (6.24 strands), while paclobutrazol concentration of 200 ppm gave the best results on tuber diameter (23.13 mm) and paclobutrazol concentration of 300 ppm gave the best results on the number of tubers (1.54).
Adaptation and farmer’s preferences on rice and steamed rice quality of several varieties in Tidal Swampland (case study in Sei Jangkit Village, Central Kalimantan)
Authors: Lesmayati S , Ningsih R D , Noor A , Qomariah R , Napisah K , Amin M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The tidal swampland has the potential as a production source and a rice barn, but some obstacles are high acidity and toxic elements resulting in low rice yields. To increase productivity, adaptive and tolerant superior rice varieties are needed. This study aims to obtain adaptive and tolerant rice varieties in the tidal swampland, Sei Jangkit village in Central Kalimantan. The activity was carried out from September 2021 to April 2022. The varieties planted, namely, Inpara-2, Inpari-32, Inpari Nutrizinc, and Baroma. They covered an area of 4 ha and involved eight cooperative farmers. The technology applied in farming is tidal management, which includes water management, ameliorant applicant, balanced fertilization, and control of pests and diseases. The results showed that Inpara-2 gave the highest grain yield (5.12 t/ha), Inpari-32 gave 4.48 t/ha, Inpari Nutrizinc 4.58 t/ha, and Baroma 4.98 t/ha. Farming analysis using the B/C ratio of the varieties planted ranges from 1.28 – 1.57, with Inpara-2 giving the highest B/C ratio (1.57). The Baroma and Inpari-32 varieties are preferred over other types. These two varieties are close to the rice quality of the local variety based on farmers’ preferences.