bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain mechanisms in complex regional pain syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative sensory testing outcomes
Authors: Sobeeh Mohamed Gomaa , Hassan Karima Abdelaty , da Silva Anabela Gonçalves , Youssef Enas Fawzy , Fayaz Nadia Abdelazim , Mohammed Maha Mostafa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic condition following inciting events such as fractures or surgeries with sensorimotor and autonomic manifestations and poor prognosis. This review aimed to provide conclusive evidence about the sensory phenotype of CRPS based on quantitative sensory testing (QST) to understand the underlying pain mechanisms and guide treatment strategies.

Databases
Eight databases were searched based on a previously published protocol. Forty studies comparing QST outcomes (thermal, mechanical, vibration, and electric detection thresholds, thermal, mechanical, pressure, and electric pain thresholds, wind-up ratio, mechanical pain sensitivity, allodynia, flare area, area after pinprick hyperalgesia, pleasantness after C-tactile stimulation, and pain ratings) in chronic CRPS (adults and children) versus healthy controls were included.

Results
From 37 studies (14 of low quality, 22 of fair quality, and 1 of good quality), adults with CRPS showed: (i) significant loss of thermal, mechanical, and vibration sensations, significant gain of thermal and mechanical pain thresholds, significant elevation of pain ratings, and no difference in wind-up ratio; (ii) significant reduction of pleasantness levels and increased area of pinprick hyperalgesia, in the affected limb. From three fair-quality studies, adolescents and children with CRPS showed loss of cold detection with cold hyperalgesia in the affected limb. There was moderate to substantial overall heterogeneity.

Conclusion
Diffuse thermal and mechanical hypoesthesia with primary and secondary hyperalgesia, enhanced pain facilitation evidenced by increased area of pinprick hyperalgesia, and elevated pain ratings are dominant in adults with CRPS. Adolescents and children with CRPS showed less severe sensory abnormalities.
GPR84 potently inhibits osteoclastogenesis and alleviates osteolysis in bone metastasis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Jian Li , Shi-wei Long , Dan Jing , Juan Wu , Wei Zheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe expression of GPR84 in bone marrow-derived monocytes/macrophages (BMMs) can inhibit osteoclast formation; however, its role in bone metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is still unknown. To investigate the effects of GPR84 on bone metastasis of CRC, the murine CRC cell line MC-38 was injected into tibial bone marrow. We found that the expression of GPR84 in BMMs was gradually downregulated during bone metastasis of CRC, and the activation of GPR84 significantly prevented osteoclastogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. Mechanistically, the MAPK pathway mediated the effects of GPR84 on osteoclast formation. Moreover, we found that IL-11 at least partly inhibited the expression of GPR84 in the tumor microenvironment through the inactivation of STAT1. Additionally, activation of GPR84 could prevent osteolysis during bone metastasis of CRC. Our results suggest that CRC cells downregulate the expression of GPR84 in BMMs to promote osteoclastogenesis in an IL-11-dependent manner. Thus, GPR84 could be a potential therapeutic target to attenuate bone destruction induced by CRC metastasis.
Intramedullary core decompression combined with endoscopic intracapsular decompression and debridement for pre-collapse non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Zhao Yan , Zhang Guangyang , Song Qichun , Fan Lihong , Shi Zhibin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The effect of core decompression on the treatment of pre-collapse non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is still limited. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of core decompression combined with intra-articular decompression (debridement of the hip joint and incision of the hip capsule) under hip arthroscopic guidance in patients with pre-collapse ONFH.

Methods
The clinical data of 101 patients with pre-collapse ONFH were analysed retrospectively. Sixty patients (80 hips) received small-diameter multi-channel core decompression alone in first half review period (group B). Forty-one patients (59 hips) were treated with small-diameter multi-channel core decompression combined with intra-articular decompression under hip arthroscopy guidance in second half review period (group A). The surgical duration; intraoperative bleeding; intra-articular pressure(IAP) before and after surgery; length of hospital stay; hospitalisation expenses; visual analogue scale (VAS) score before, 1 week, 4 weeks, 3 months and 1 year after surgery; and Harris score of the hip joint before, 3 months and 1 year after surgery were recorded and compared between group A and group B. X-ray examination was performed every month to observe the collapse of the femoral head within 2 years after surgery, which was compared using the Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis.

Results
When the two groups were compared, the surgical duration was longer and hospitalisation expenses were higher in group A than in group B (P < 0.05). However, the VAS score and the Harris score of the hip joint after surgery improved significantly compared with those before surgery (P < 0.05), which were more apparent in group A than in group B (P < 0.05). X-ray examination revealed that 6 hips in group A and 22 in group B received femoral head collapse at the 2-year follow-up. The survival rate of the femoral head in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Small-diameter multi-channel core decompression combined with intra-articular decompression (debridement of the hip joint and incision of the hip capsule) under hip arthroscopic guidance for treating early ONFH can more effectively alleviate joint pain, improve joint function and delay ONFH progression.
Relationship between diet-related inflammation and bone health under different levels of body mass index
Authors: Zeng Guixing , Chen Xiaoting , Jiang Ziyan , Lin Jiarong , Wu Yuchi , Wei Junping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Osteoporosis is a major public health problem. Dietary inflammatory preference and body mass index (BMI) are emerging factors that tends to affect bone health. There is limited evidence regarding the joint influence of BMI and dietary status on the bone health. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and bone health among adults under different levels of BMI utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods
Data were collected from 2005–2010, 2013–2014 to 2017–2018 in NHANES. In total, 10,521 participants who aged ≥ 20 years and had complete data for dietary intake interview, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were included. DII was performed to evaluate the dietary inflammatory potential based on dietary intake interview. We evaluated bone health by femoral neck BMD and BMC measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Weighted multivariable linear regression and BMI-stratified subgroup analysis were performed.

Results
The average DII score for 10,521 participants was 1.24 ± 0.04, mean femoral neck BMD was 0.82 ± 0.00 g/cm2 and mean BMC was 4.37 ± 0.01 g. In the fully adjusted model, there was a negative correlation between DII with BMD (β = − 0.016, P < 0.001) and BMC (β = − 0.011, P < 0.001) in the most anti-inflammatory diet. Using BMI-stratified subgroup analysis, this correlation became more evident in both the overweight (BMD: β = − 0.024, P < 0.001; BMC: β = − 0.058, P = 0.042) and obese groups (BMD: β = − 0.015, P = 0.049; BMC: β = − 0.009, P = 0.042), while this correlation was opposite in DII tertile 2 (middle DII score) in the underweight group (BMD: β = 0.047, P = 0.038; BMC: β = 0.274, P = 0.010).

Conclusion
Relationship between higher consumption of pro-inflammatory and increased risk of lower BMD and BMC was only existed in overweight and obese participants.
Knee osteoarthritis accelerates amyloid beta deposition and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Gupta Deepak Prasad , Lee Young-Sun , Choe Youngshik , Kim Kun-Tae , Song Gyun Jee , Hwang Sun-Chul 
Published: January 2023

AbstractKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by knee cartilage degeneration and secondary bone hyperplasia, resulting in pain, stiffness, and gait disturbance. The relationship between knee OA and neurodegenerative diseases is still unclear. This study used an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model to observe whether osteoarthritis accelerates dementia progression by analyzing brain histology and neuroinflammation. Knee OA was induced by destabilizing the medial meniscus (DMM) in control (WT) and AD (5xFAD) mice before pathological symptoms. Mouse knee joints were scanned with a micro-CT scanner. A sham operation was used as control. Motor and cognitive abilities were tested after OA induction. Neurodegeneration, β-amyloid plaque formation, and neuroinflammation were analyzed by immunostaining, Western blotting, and RT-PCR in brain tissues. Compared with sham controls, OA in AD mice increased inflammatory cytokine levels in brain tissues. Furthermore, OA significantly increased β-amyloid deposition and neuronal loss in AD mice compared to sham controls. In conclusion, knee OA accelerated amyloid plaque deposition and neurodegeneration in AD-OA mice, suggesting that OA is a risk factor for AD.
PpSP32, the Phlebotomus papatasi immunodominant salivary protein, exerts immunomodulatory effects on human monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes
Authors: Souissi Cyrine , Marzouki Soumaya , Elbini-Dhouib Ines , Jebali Jed , Oliveira Fabiano , Valenzuela Jesus G. , Srairi-Abid Najet , Kamhawi Shaden , Ben Ahmed Melika 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The saliva of sand flies, vectors of Leishmania parasites, contains several components that exert pharmacological activity facilitating the acquisition of blood by the insect and contributing to the establishment of infection. Previously, we demonstrated that PpSP32 is the immunodominant salivary antigen in humans exposed to Phlebotomus papatasi bites and validated its usefulness as a predictive biomarker of disease. PpSP32, whose functions are little known to date, is an intriguing protein due to its involvement in the etiopathogenesis of pemphigus, an auto-immune disease. Herein, we aimed to better decipher its role through the screening of several immunomodulatory activity either on lymphocytes or on monocytes/macrophages.

Methods
Peripheral mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers were stimulated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies, phytohemagglutinin, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/ionomycin, or lipopolysaccharide in the presence of increasing doses of PpSP32. Cell proliferation was measured after the addition of tritiated thymidine. Monocyte activation was tested by analyzing the expression of CD86 and HLA-DR molecules by flow cytometry. Cytokine production was analyzed in culture supernatants by ELISA. THP-1-derived macrophages were stimulated with LPS in the presence of increasing doses of PpSP32, and cytokine production was analyzed in culture supernatants by ELISA and multiplex technique. The effect of PpSP32 on NF-kB signaling was tested by Western blot. The anti-inflammatory activity of PpSP32 was assessed in vivo in an experimental inflammatory model of carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats.

Results
Our data showed that PpSP32 down-modulated the expression of activation markers in LPS-stimulated monocytes and THP1-derived macrophages. This protein negatively modulated the secretion of Th1 and Th2 cytokines by human lymphocytes as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines by monocytes, and THP1-derived macrophages. PpSP32 treatment led to a dose-dependent reduction of IκB phosphorylation. When PpSP32 was injected into the paw of carrageenan-injected rats, edema was significantly reduced.

Conclusions
Our data indicates that PpSP32 induces a potent immunomodulatory effect on monocytes and THP-1-derived macrophages. This inhibition could be mediated, among others, by the modulation of the NF-kB signaling pathway. The anti-inflammatory activity of PpSP32 was confirmed in vivo in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats.

Graphical Abstract
The effects of a 3-day mountain bike cycling race on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and heart rate variability in amateur cyclists: a prospective quantitative research design
Authors: Swart Anton , Constantinou Demitri 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The acute and chronic adaptation of endurance athletes’ hearts shows that increased volume of endurance exercise might cause an acute reduction in cardiac function, causing a physiological cascade that leads to the release of cardiac biomarkers specific to cardiomyocyte stress. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a valuable tool used as a physiological measurement to evaluate the autonomic nervous system (ANS). It is frequently used to assess cardiac autonomic regulation, determining a patient’s risk for unfavorable events. This study set out to determine the changes in the ANS by participating in a 3-day mountain bike cycling race in amateur cyclists using HRV as an outcome measure.

Methods
Sixteen healthy participants (male and female) participating in a 3-day mountain bike cycling race underwent five-minute resting electrocardiography recordings in a supine position 2 days before the race (baseline testing). In addition, HRV measurements were recorded after each race day and 24 h post-race (recovery).

Results
Time-domain and frequency-domain measures showed significant changes from baseline HRV parameters after each race day (p ≤ 0.05). In addition, our data revealed that the mean heart rate and R–R variability intervals did not return to baseline values after 24 h of recovery. Thus, autonomic nervous system (ANS) alterations may be due to changes in cardiac sympatho-vagal balance.

Conclusions
The main strength of this study is using HRV as a measuring and screening tool to assess cardiac autonomic activity, whereby the state of the ANS before and after endurance races can be measured. Thus, physicians, athletes, and coaches can determine the stress of endurance races on the ANS and plan recovery strategies. The reasoning is that if the ANS is in a state of sub-optimal function, susceptible amateur athletes might be at risk for a cardiovascular event or maladaptation due to the endurance race.
Clinical verification of the relationship between serum lipid metabolism and immune activity in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Goto Wataru , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Takada Koji , Asano Yuka , Ogisawa Kana , Morisaki Tamami , Shibutani Masatsune , Tanaka Hiroaki , Maeda Kiyoshi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Lipid metabolism has been recently reported to affect the prognosis and tumor immune activity in cancer patients. However, the effect of lipid metabolism on chemosensitivity in patients with breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) remains unclear.

Methods
We examined 327 patients with breast cancer who were treated with NAC followed by curative surgery. The correlations between the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) and the clinicopathological features, including the efficacy of NAC, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), were evaluated retrospectively.

Results
Serum TG levels were increased after NAC in all the subtypes, and the rate of change was the highest, especially in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (21.0% → 48.1%). In addition, only TNBC patients with an objective response (OR) had significantly higher TG levels after NAC than those without (P = 0.049). Patients with a high ALC before NAC had significantly higher TG levels after NAC than patients with all breast cancer (P = 0.001), HER2-enriched breast cancer (P = 0.021), and TNBC (P = 0.008). Patients with a low NLR before NAC had significantly higher TG levels after NAC only among patients with TNBC (P = 0.025). In patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-enriched breast cancer, the group with normal TC levels before NAC had significantly better OS than those with high TC levels (P = 0.013, log-rank test), and in patients with TNBC, the group with high TC levels after NAC had significantly better OS than those with normal TC levels (P = 0.014, log-rank test).

Conclusions
Good systemic immune activity and chemosensitivity may be associated with lipid metabolism regulated by NAC in TNBC patients.
Ophthalmic artery flow direction change predicts recurrence of ischemic stroke after carotid stenting: a longitudinal observational study
Authors: Yang Hui-Yi , Lian Ie-Bin , Wang Shih-Chun , Lin Ta-Tsung , Ou Yang-Hao , Liu Chi-Kuang , Lin Chih-Ming 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background and purpose
The implantation of carotid artery stents prevents recurrent ischemic stroke in patients with carotid stenosis. This study aimed to investigate associations between change of ophthalmic artery flow (COAF) post carotid stenting and recurrent ischemic stroke, as well as the link toward the anterior and posterior circulations and patients’ prognosis after carotid stenting.

Methods
This retrospective, longitudinal cohort study recruited 87 left side carotid stenosed ischemic stroke patients undergoing left side carotid stenting between year of 2009 and 2013, and patients were followed up to 9 years after carotid procedures. Clinical data were derived from medical records. The primary outcome was stroke recurrence. Predictive factors were stenosis  > 50% in one intracranial artery and ROAF. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to identify risk factors associated with stroke recurrence.

Results
Among 87 included patients undergone left side carotid stent treatment, 44 had stroke recurrence within 3 years after carotid stenting. The recurrence group had significantly greater proportions of COAF after stenting (p = 0.001), and middle cerebral artery (MCA) and basilar artery or vertebral artery (BA/VA) stenosis > 50% (all p < 0.001) than the no-recurrence group. Survival was significantly shorter in patients with COAF than in those without (p < 0.01). Regression analysis showed that COAF was associated with stroke recurrence (HR: 3.638, 95% CI 1.54–8.62, p = 0.003). The recurrence rate was highest in patients with bilateral MCA stenosis  > 50% (100%), followed by left MCA stenosis  > 50% plus BA/VA stenosis  > 50% (83.33%) or COAF (82.14%). Patients with bilateral MCA stenosis  < 50% had no recurrence within 3-year follow-up.

Conclusions
Prognosis after carotid stenting is poorer for patients with MCA stenosis  > 50%, BA/VA stenosis  > 50% and/or COAF. Carotid duplex and magnetic resonance angiography provide definitive information for prognosis prediction.
Experimental and Theoretical Study of Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Columns Strengthened by FRP/Steel Strips Under Axial Compression
Authors: Zhang Shichang , Miao Kunting , Wei Yang , Xu Xiaoming , Luo Bin , Shi Weizhou 
Published: January 2023

AbstractConcrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns are widely used in civil engineering because of their excellent bearing capacity; however, the reinforcement of CFST columns lacks effective measures. To strengthen CFST columns quickly and effectively, two methods, namely, winding FRP (fiber reinforced polymer) or steel strips, were explored in this work. Two unconfined CFST columns, eight FRP-strengthened CFST columns and four welded steel strip-strengthened CFST columns were manufactured and tested. The failure modes and axial load–strain curves of all specimens under compression load were concluded and compared. The effects of the primary parameters, such as FRP layers (1, 2, 3 and 4 layers) and steel strip thickness (3.0 and 6.0 mm), on the bearing capacity and deformation capacity were also investigated. The ultimate load of CFST columns increased from 28.72 to 64.16% after being confined by FRP with one to four layers. The ultimate load of the welded steel strip-strengthened CFST column with 3.0 mm steel strips and 6.0 mm steel strips increased by 28.46% and 49.82%, respectively, compared with the unconfined CFST column. Thus, the increase in FRP layers and steel strip thickness can markedly improve the compressive behavior of the FRP/welded steel strip-strengthened CFST columns. The cost performance of the two different reinforcement methods also showed that the cost of the welded steel strip-strengthened CFST column is nearly 40% of that of the FRP-strengthened CFST column when the same strengthening effect was obtained, which indicated that the welded steel strip-strengthened CFST column is more cost-efficient than CFST columns confined by FRP. Finally, six existing models for the ultimate load of FRP-strengthened CFST columns were presented and evaluated. From the evaluation results, the Zhang et al.’s model, Lu et al.’s model and Hu et al.’s model for FRP-strengthened CFST columns were shown to provide the best applicability and accuracy. Based on the Mander et al.’s model, a model for the ultimate load of welded steel strip-strengthened CFST columns was proposed and evaluated. The proposed model can accurately predict the ultimate load of welded steel strip-strengthened CFST columns.
Association of indoor dust microbiota with cognitive function and behavior in preschool-aged children
Authors: Dockx Yinthe , Täubel Martin , Hogervorst Janneke , Luyten Leen , Peusens Martien , Rasking Leen , Sleurs Hanne , Witters Katrien , Plusquin Michelle , Valkonen Maria , Nawrot Tim S. , Casas Lidia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Childhood cognitive development depends on neuroimmune interactions. Immunomodulation by early-life microbial exposure may influence neuropsychological function. In this study, we investigate the association between residential indoor microbiota and cognition and behavior among preschoolers.

Results
Indoor-settled dust bacterial and fungal characteristics were assessed using 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing (microbial diversity) and qPCR measurements (microbial loads). Child behavior was assessed using four scales: peer relationship, emotional, conduct, and hyperactivity was assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Cognitive function was assessed using four tasks of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) software. The first two tasks were designed to assess attention and psychomotor speed (Motor Screening (MOT) and Big/Little Circle (BLC)) and the last two to evaluate the child’s visual recognition/working memory (Spatial Span (SSP) and Delayed Matching to Sample (DMS)). Among the 172 included children (age 4–6 years), we observed a 51% (95%CI;75%;9%) lower odds of children scoring not normal for hyperactivity and a decrease of 3.20% (95%CI, −6.01%; −0.30%) in BLC response time, for every IQR increase in fungal Shannon diversity. Contrarily, microbial loads were directly associated with SDQ scales and response time. For example, a 2-fold increase in Gram-positive bacterial load was associated with 70% (95%CI 18%; 156%) higher odds of scoring not normal for hyperactivity and an increase of 5.17% (95%CI 0.87%; 9.65%) in DMS response time.

Conclusions
Our findings show that early-life exposure to diverse indoor fungal communities is associated with better behavioral and cognitive outcomes, whereas higher indoor microbial load was associated with worse outcomes.