bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-world evidence on the dosing and safety of C.E.R.A. in pediatric dialysis patients: findings from the International Pediatric Dialysis Network registries
Authors: Kohlhas Laura , Studer Milena , Rutten-Jacobs Loes , Reigner Sylvie Meyer , Sander Anja , Yap Hui-Kim , Vondrak Karel , Coccia Paula A. , Cano Francisco , Schmitt Claus Peter , Warady Bradley A. , Schaefer Franz ,   IPDN collaborators, Vondrak Karel , Coccia Paula A. , Yap Yok-Chin , Yap Hui-Kim , Cano Francisco , Ha Il Soo , Büscher Rainer , Pape Lars , Samaille Charlotte , Warady Bradley A. , Drozdz Dorota , van Hoeck Koen , Vanegas Juan Jose , Zambrano Pedro , Weitz Marcus , Szczepanska Maria 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This retrospective real-world study used data from two registries, International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network (IPPN) and International Pediatric Hemodialysis Network (IPHN), to characterize the efficacy and safety of continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (C.E.R.A.) in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD).

Methods
IPPN and IPHN collect prospective data (baseline and every 6 months) from pediatric PD and HD centers worldwide. Demographics, clinical characteristics, dialysis information, treatment, laboratory parameters, number and causes of hospitalization events, and deaths were extracted for patients on C.E.R.A. treatment (IPPN: 2007–2021; IPHN: 2013–2021).

Results
We analyzed 177 patients on PD (median age 10.6 years) and 52 patients on HD (median age 14.1 years) who had ≥ 1 observation while being treated with C.E.R.A. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) observation time under C.E.R.A. exposure was 6 (0–12.5) and 12 (0–18) months, respectively. Hemoglobin concentrations were stable over time; respective means (standard deviation) at last observation were 10.9 (1.7) g/dL and 10.4 (1.7) g/dL. Respective median (IQR) monthly C.E.R.A. doses at last observation were 3.5 (2.3–5.1) µg/kg, or 95 (62–145) µg/m2 and 2.1 (1.2–3.4) µg/kg, or 63 (40–98) µg/m2. Non-elective hospitalizations occurred in 102 (58%) PD and 32 (62%) HD patients. Seven deaths occurred (19.8 deaths per 1000 observation years).

Conclusions
C.E.R.A. was associated with efficient maintenance of hemoglobin concentrations in pediatric patients with CKD on dialysis, and appeared to have a favorable safety profile. The current analysis revealed no safety signals.

Graphical abstract
Study protocol: value of 7-T MRI with prospective motion correction and postprocessing for patients with nonlesional epilepsy
Authors: Kukhlenko O. , Kukhlenko R. , Tempelmann C. , Speck O. , Hinrichs H. , Heinze H.-J. , Heers M. , House P. M. , Woermann F. G. , Knake S. , Urbach H. , Huppertz H.-J. , Haghikia A. , Schmitt F. C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe diagnostic yield of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) postprocessing using 7‑T data for patients with nonlesional epilepsy has been rarely evaluated, but has shown acceptable diagnostic outcomes. However, to date there have been no prospective clinical studies comparing MP2RAGE sequences in 3‑T and 7‑T MRI in parallel using the same protocol for morphometric analysis. We present a study protocol developed to address the hypothesis that application of 7‑T structural MRI increases the rate of detection of structural lesions with morphometric analysis when compared with parallel coherent study protocols in 3‑T MRI. The 7‑T MRI study protocol is designed to supply data showing the clinical practicability and proof of principle for increasing the detection rate of subtle epileptogenic lesions.
Impact Assessment of Road Construction on Landslide Susceptibility in Mountainous Region using GIS-Based Statistical Modelling
Authors: Sharma Amol , Prakash Chander 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Landslide susceptibility is crucial for effective hazard management, planning mitigation, and risk reduction strategies. The present study assessed the impact of road construction on landslide susceptibility for the Mandi district. 1723 landslides data for Mandi district was compiled from the various sources with eleven causative factors. The eleven landslide causative factors were selected from numerous hydrological, geological, and topographical factors. The landslide susceptibility analysis was carried out using three bivariate statistical models, namely, Frequency Ratio (FR), Certainty Factor (CF), and Shannon Entropy (SE). Two sets of Landslide Susceptibility Maps were generated to assess the impact of road construction and divided into five landslide susceptibility classes. The SE model had the highest prediction and validation accuracy of (83-86%). The percentage area in high and very high classes of landslide susceptibility increased by 2.67-4.17% due to road construction activities in the study area.
Approaches for Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment in Relation to Pollution Potential: A Critical Evaluation and Challenges
Authors: Haidery Afreen , Umar Rashid , Saba Naseem us 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Escalated groundwater contamination around the world developed the idea of aquifer vulnerability, which has widely been employed globally to safeguard groundwater from contamination. Several extensive studies have been done to evaluate the degree of groundwater vulnerability using various techniques. However, a comprehensive assessment of existing literature in order to identify major research gaps associated with aquifer vulnerability is still required. The current study provides a critical overview of several groundwater risk assessment methodologies, including the GIS-based DRASTIC and modified DRASTIC methods, application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning techniques, and integrated approach for both intrinsic and specific vulnerability assessment. The study discusses validation of DRASTIC model and its comparison with a few other methodologies as well. The paper also highlights the international approach (time dimension in groundwater vulnerability, integrated process based and isotopic studies, etc.) that needs to be practiced rigorously on a larger scale in India. A descriptive summary of the literature indicates that a multidisciplinary and integrated framework such as understanding contaminant type, uncertainties in vadose zone need to be implemented in a much more comprehensive way, especially in India. A conceptual framework that is both reasonably adaptable and scientifically sound must be created for specific vulnerability assessment.
A Case Study on GIS Based Method to Develop Geographically Distributed Synthetic Unit Hydrograph using Geo-Spatial Tools in Ungauged Sub-watershed of Ambika River Basin, Gujarat
Authors: Harini S. , Barik Dillip Kumar , Pratyusha N. , Sameera M. , Varsha M. , Shruthi S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this work, using Snyder, SCS, and the geographically distributed approaches, synthetic unit hydrographs are developed for the recurring flood-impacted ungauged sub-watershed in the Ambika river basin of Gujarat. Due to the scarcity of observed rainfall-runoff data, enforcement of effective flood control measures have not been implemented in this area. Hence the districts in the Ambika river basin regularly experience unexpected floods during the monsoon season, resulting in loss of life and property. The unit hydrograph of a watershed is essential for developing a flood hydrograph, which is useful for flood forecasting. The majority of Indian watersheds are not gauged, and there is not enough rainfall-runoff data to develop a unit hydrograph. However, there are several approaches available that may be used to develop synthetic unit hydrographs using different regionally based empirical equations, and some of them are mentioned above. Using geospatial tools is one of the GIS-based methods for obtaining synthetic unit hydrographs that solely take into account the digital elevation model (DEM) which eliminates the use of regional empirical constants. The geographically distributed synthetic unit hydrograph (GDSUH) approach is employed here on the idea of distributed time-area unit hydrograph and spatial distribution of overland and channel flow velocity. The cumulative travel time map has been divided into isochrones to develop a time-area curve and the resulting unit hydrograph. In this technique, a pure translation flow process is assumed. This approach is most appropriate for watersheds of smaller size. Hence, in this present study, a smaller, unmeasured sub-watershed with an area of 46 km2 is chosen, and the synthetic unit hydrographs are derived using each of the three approaches. The findings from this study were analyzed to determine the most appropriate method for this region. It was observed that the GDSUH is more suitable in comparison to the other two conventional synthetic unit hydrograph approaches. In smaller and un-gauged watersheds, this method gives a conceptual model for forecasting stream flow hydrographs that will capture the geographically distributed nature of the rainfall-runoff process. Additionally, it has the advantages of being simple, quick, inexpensive, and time-saving, especially for smaller regions that lack rainfall-runoff data.
Wie präsentiert sich die Psoriasisarthritis an der Wirbelsäule?
Authors: Husic R. , Hermann J. 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Psoriasisarthritis (PsA) ist eine immunmediierte, chronisch-entzündliche Erkrankung mit heterogenen Manifestationen wie Arthritis, Daktylitis, Enthesitis und axialer Mitbeteiligung. Aufgrund der gemeinsamen klinischen und pathogenetischen Merkmale mit der axialen Spondylarthritis (SpA) wurde die PsA zur Familie der Spondylarthritiden zugeordnet. Die wichtigste gemeinsame klinische Domäne ist die axiale Manifestation, die rezent bei der PsA sehr intensiv untersucht wird. Die axiale PsA ist bisher nicht klar definiert, da die klinischen und radiologischen Vergleiche mit der axialen SpA einige Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch gravierende Unterschiede zeigten. Die fehlende homogene Definition von axialer PsA resultierte in einer großen Heterogenität bei der Prävalenz, da unterschiedliche klinische und radiologische Parameter für die Klassifikation angewendet wurden. Im klinischen Alltag und bei rezenten Studien werden für die Diagnostik, Erfassung der Krankheitsaktivität und die Therapie der axialen PsA gut etablierten Erfahrungen der axialen SpA benützt. Diese Herangehensweise erwies sich bei Therapieentscheidungen bei axialer PsA als sehr hilfreich, jedoch die Anwendung des Bath-ankylosing-apondylitis-disease-activity-Index (BASDAI) zur Erfassung der Krankheitsaktivität wies gewisse Schwächen auf, da dieser zwischen axialer und peripherer Mitbeteiligung nicht optimal differenzieren konnte. Entzündlicher Rückenschmerz, das Leitsymptom der axialen SpA, ist bei axialer PsA selten oder gar nicht vorhanden und somit kann das Fehlen des entzündlichen Rückenschmerzes die axiale Mitbeteiligung nicht ausschließen. Welche therapeutischen und prognostischen Konsequenzen diese symptomarme axiale PsA hat, ist unklar und zukünftige Studien sollen diese Frage klären. Insgesamt wurde international die Notwendigkeit einer einheitlichen Definition der axialen PsA geäußert und die Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA)- und die Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society(ASAS)-Gruppe haben inzwischen eine (axial involvement in psoriatic arthritis, AXIS‑)Studie initiiert, die diese Fragen beantworten soll.
COVID-19 lockdown and the rate of central precocious puberty
Authors: Goggi G. , Moro M. , Chilà A. , Fatti L. , Cangiano B. , Federici S. , Galazzi E. , Carbone E. , Soranna D. , Vezzoli V. , Persani L. , Bonomi M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of our study was to compare the incidence of idiopathic central precocious puberty (CPP) in our highly specialized Endocrinological Center before and after the onset of COVID-19 lockdown; we also aimed to identify any potential difference between girls with CPP from the two different time periods.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the auxological profile of 49 girls with idiopathic CPP: 30 with pre-lockdown onset and 19 with post-lockdown onset of the disease. We collected patients’ characteristics (medical history, physical examination, baseline and dynamic hormonal assessment, bone age, pelvic ultrasound) and compared them between the two groups.

Results
We registered an almost threefold increase in CPP incidence in the 2020–2021 period compared to the previous six years. In post-lockdown patients we found a trend for an earlier diagnosis in terms of both chronological age (p 0.0866) and days between the onset of first pubertal signs and diagnosis (p 0.0618). We also found that post-lockdown patients had a significantly lower hypothalamus-pituitary–gonadal axis activation (lower ∆LH% after GnRH test, p 0.0497), a significantly lower increase in bone age calculated at RUS with TW3 method (p 0.0438) and a significantly reduced ovarian activation in females (lower delta-4-androstenedione levels, p 0.0115). Interestingly, post-lockdown patients were born from mothers with an older age at menarche (p 0.0039).

Conclusions
Besides confirming a significant increase in new diagnoses of CPP in the post-lockdown period, our findings among Post-lockdown girls also suggest a less progressive form of CPP and a stronger environmental influence compared to genetic background in determining the timing of pubertal onset.
Studies on the Reduction Behavior of Iron Oxide Pellet Fines with Hydrogen Gas: Mechanism and Kinetic Analysis
Authors: Hammam Abourehab , Nasr M. I. , Elsadek M. H. , Khan Inam Ullah , Omran Mamdouh , Wei Han , Qiu Dejin , Yu Yaowei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present study contributes to the current worldwide activities aiming to replace fossil carbon in steel making processes with hydrogen causing considerable reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Compacts prepared from iron oxide pellets fines were isothermally reduced in pure hydrogen gas and a mixture of hydrogen and argon in the temperatures range from 700 to 1100 °C. The total weight loss produced during the reduction process was continuously recorded using thermogravimetric analysis (TG) technique. The findings demonstrated that the temperature has a considerable impact on the conversion and reduction rates. At a given temperature, the reduction rate was accelerated as the amount of H2 increased in the reducing gas. The results indicated that H2 content does not have an effect on reduction behavior, when it is higher than 80%. The reduction reaction of samples was shown to takes place in a step wise manner from hematite to metallic iron. The reduction kinetic and mechanism were deduced from the application of mathematical models and the morphological structure of the reduced samples and correlated with the apparent activation energy (Ea) values. The Ea values at the early, intermediate and final stages were 16.36, 29.24 and 49.35 kJ/mole, respectively. The early stage of the reduction process was controlled by chemical reaction, whereas the gaseous diffusion was controlled the latter stage. At the intermediate stage, the reduction process was controlled by mixed mechanism of gaseous diffusion and chemical reaction.
Graphical Abstract
Good Soldiers Don't Rape
Authors: MacKenzie Megan 
Published: August 2023

Sexual violence is a significant problem within many Western militaries. Despite international attention to the issue and global #MeToo and #TimesUp movements highlighting the impact of sexual violence, rates of sexual violence are going up in many militaries. This book uses feminist theories of 'rape culture' and institutional gaslighting to identify the key stories, myths, and misconceptions about military sexual violence that have obstructed addressing and preventing it. It is a landmark study that considers nearly thirty years of media coverage of military sexual violence in three case countries – the US, Canada and Australia. The findings have implications not only for those seeking to address, reduce, and prevent sexual violence in militaries, but also for those hoping to understanding rape culture and how patriarchy operates more broadly. It will appeal to students, scholars and general readers interested in gender, feminism and the military.
Beyond Climate Due Diligence: Fossil Fuels, ‘Red Lines’ and Reparations
Authors: Dehm Julia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe scale and scope of the climate crisis and its drastically worsening impacts means that even as a ‘climate due diligence’ obligation is increasingly taking shape as a dimension of human rights due diligence, there is also growing evidence of the limitations of this emerging norm. This article provides four critiques of climate due diligence based on its insufficiency, its conceptual ambiguity, its operational limitations, and its structural limitations. It argues that these critiques could be addressed by regulatory reform that draw clear ‘red lines’ based on the need to prevent the development of any new fossil fuel and address the ‘corporate capture’ of regulatory institutions by the fossil fuel industry. Additionally, it calls for reparations to ensure effective access to a remedy for existing and potential future climate-related human rights impacts that business has caused or contributed to.
The elevation of a unique population of Corynosoma strumosum (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from the Caspian seal, Pusa caspica, in the Caspian Sea to Corynosoma neostrumosum n. sp.
Authors: Amin O. M. , Chaudhary A. , Sharifdini M. , Singh H. S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An isolated population of 700 specimens initially described as Corynosoma strumosum (Rudolphi, 1802) Lühe, 1904 and currently reassigned to Corynosoma neostrumosum n. sp. was collected from one young male Caspian seal, Pusa caspica (Gmelin) in the southern land-locked Caspian Sea in April 2009. Collected worms were morphologically unique compared with those reported by other observers in open waters, especially in shape and distribution of proboscis hooks and trunk spines, dorso-ventral differences in proboscis hooks and their organization, the baldness of anterior proboscis, consistently smaller size of trunk and testes, larger eggs, the rough egg topography, epidermal micropores, and variations in the female gonopore. Molecular data from the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA and the mitochondrial cox1 gene was also provided to supplement the morphological study of the new species.
Take-up and distribution of a universal cash benefit: The case of the Austrian long-term care allowance
Authors: Pennerstorfer Astrid , Österle August 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The body of research on the take-up of social benefits is growing, but rarely focuses on universal cash benefits, especially in the field of long-term care. This paper is concerned with the long-term care (LTC) allowance in Austria, a universal cash benefit paid to those in need of LTC on seven different levels of dependency. It investigates whether take-up and distribution of the benefit reflect need in terms of age structure and health status of the population, and examines whether local variations in the distribution of benefits can be explained with socio-demographic variables. Combining administrative data on recipients and socio-demographic data on the municipal level with health information shows that higher levels of education and a higher share of foreigners are associated with a lower share of recipients, while a lower average household size increases the share of recipients. Overall, these variations are much stronger for lower levels of care needs than for higher ones. The results suggest variations in take-up that are determined either by non-application (in particular among lower levels of care needs) or discretion and potentially discrimination in the process of claiming the benefit.
Social mixing and network characteristics of COVID-19 patients before and after widespread interventions: A population-based study
Authors: He Yuncong , Martinez Leonardo , Ge Yang , Feng Yan , Chen Yewen , Tan Jianbin , Westbrook Adrianna , Li Changwei , Cheng Wei , Ling Feng , Cheng Huimin , Wu Shushan , Zhong Wenxuan , Handel Andreas , Huang Hui , Sun Jimin , Shen Ye 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 rapidly spreads among humans via social networks, with social mixing and network characteristics potentially facilitating transmission. However, limited data on topological structural features has hindered in-depth studies. Existing research is based on snapshot analyses, preventing temporal investigations of network changes. Comparing network characteristics over time offers additional insights into transmission dynamics. We examined confirmed COVID-19 patients from an eastern Chinese province, analyzing social mixing and network characteristics using transmission network topology before and after widespread interventions. Between the two time periods, the percentage of singleton networks increased from 38.9$ \% $to 62.8$ \% $$ (p<0.001) $; the average shortest path length decreased from 1.53 to 1.14$ (p<0.001) $; the average betweenness reduced from 0.65 to 0.11$ (p<0.001) $; the average cluster size dropped from 4.05 to 2.72$ (p=0.004) $; and the out-degree had a slight but nonsignificant decline from 0.75 to 0.63$ (p=0.099). $Results show that nonpharmaceutical interventions effectively disrupted transmission networks, preventing further disease spread. Additionally, we found that the networks’ dynamic structure provided more information than solely examining infection curves after applying descriptive and agent-based modeling approaches. In summary, we investigated social mixing and network characteristics of COVID-19 patients during different pandemic stages, revealing transmission network heterogeneities.
Statistical Analysis of the Horizontal Phase Velocity Distribution of Atmospheric Gravity Waves and Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances in Airglow Images Over Darwin (12.4°S, 131.0°E)
Authors: Tsuboi Takuma , Shiokawa Kazuo , Otsuka Yuichi , Fujinami Hatsuki , Nakamura Takuji , Neudegg David 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAtmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) and medium‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) in the upper atmosphere can be observed in nocturnal airglow images. Spectral analysis of airglow images provides propagation direction and intensity of these waves. However, the spectral analysis of airglow images has not been done yet for stations in the southern hemisphere except for Antarctica. In this study, we calculated the horizontal phase velocity spectra of AGWs in the mesosphere‐lower‐thermosphere (MLT) region near the mesopause and MSTIDs in the F‐region ionosphere from airglow images at wavelengths of 557.7 and 630.0 nm, respectively, by applying the 3‐dimensional Fourier spectral analysis to the airglow images obtained at Darwin (12.4°S, 131.0°E) in Australia for 13.75 years from 2001 to 2007 and from 2011 to 2019. The spectra of AGWs in the MLT region show clear characteristics that the southward power spectral density (PSD) is stronger in summer and weaker in winter. Tropospheric convection was located at north of Darwin in summer and above Darwin in winter, suggesting that the tropospheric convection is a possible source of AGWs in the mesopause region. The spectra of MSTIDs in the F‐region ionosphere show that the dominant northwestward PSD is stronger in winter and during solar quiet periods. These features can be explained if the observed MSTIDs are caused by the ionospheric instabilities. A weak positive correlation was observed between PSDs of AGWs in the mesosphere and MSTIDs. We propose that the MSTIDs propagating other than northwestward may be generated by AGWs.