bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction of fatty acid quality indices and genes related to lipid homeostasis on mental health among overweight and obese women
Authors: Rasaei Niloufar , Khadem Alireza , masihi Lilit Sardari , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the interaction of fatty acid quality indices and genes related to lipid homeostasis on mental health among overweight and obese women. This cross-sectional study included 279 overweight and obese women for N6/N3 ratio and 378 overweight and obese women for CSI aged 18–58 years. Mental health were evaluated using Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). The anthropometric indices, biochemical parameters, body composition and dietary fat quality were measured. MC4R (rs17782313) and Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) (rs3807992) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) technique. The results of the study showed that after adjusting for age, energy intake, thyroid disease, physical activity, and BMI, a positive interaction between TC genotype of MC4R and CSI on depression (β = 0.39, CI = 0.12, 0.66, P = 0.004), and DASS-21 (β = 0.074, CI = 0.04, 1.44, P = 0.036). Also, there were a marginal significant interactions between AG genotype of CAV-1 and N6/N3 ratio on depression in adjustment model1 (β = 16.83, CI = − 0.19, 33.85, P = 0.053). Our findings showed that increasing adherence to fatty acid quality indices by considering genes related to lipid homeostasis was related to increasing depression in our population.
Altered functional brain network patterns in patients with migraine without aura after transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation
Authors: Rao Yuyang , Liu Wenting , Zhu Yunpeng , Lin Qiwen , Kuang Changyi , Huang Huiyuan , Jiao Bingqing , Ma Lijun , Lin Jiabao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) shows excellent effects on relieving clinical symptoms in migraine patients. Nevertheless, the neurological mechanisms of taVNS for migraineurs remain unclear. In recent years, voxel-wise degree centrality (DC) and functional connectivity (FC) methods were extensively utilized for exploring alterations in patterns of FC in the resting-state brain. In the present study, thirty-five migraine patients without aura and thirty-eight healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for magnetic resonance imaging scans. Firstly, this study used voxel-wise DC analysis to explore brain regions where abnormalities were present in migraine patients. Secondly, for elucidating neurological mechanisms underlying taVNS in migraine, seed-based resting-state functional connectivity analysis was employed to the taVNS treatment group. Finally, correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between alterations in neurological mechanisms and clinical symptoms. Our findings indicated that migraineurs have lower DC values in the inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) and paracentral lobule than in healthy controls (HCs). In addition, migraineurs have higher DC values in the cerebellar lobule VIII and the fusiform gyrus than HCs. Moreover, after taVNS treatment (post-taVNS), patients displayed increased FC between the ITG with the inferior parietal lobule (IPL), orbitofrontal gyrus, angular gyrus, and posterior cingulate gyrus than before taVNS treatment (pre-taVNS). Besides, the post-taVNS patients showed decreased FC between the cerebellar lobule VIII with the supplementary motor area and postcentral gyrus compared with the pre-taVNS patients. The changed FC of ITG-IPL was significantly related to changes in headache intensity. Our study suggested that migraine patients without aura have altered brain connectivity patterns in several hub regions involving multisensory integration, pain perception, and cognitive function. More importantly, taVNS modulated the default mode network and the vestibular cortical network related to the dysfunctions in migraineurs. This paper provides a new perspective on the potential neurological mechanisms and therapeutic targets of taVNS for treating migraine.
Critically raw materials as potential emerging environmental contaminants, their distribution patterns, risks and behaviour in floodplain soils contaminated by heavy metals
Authors: Kanianska Radoslava , Drimal Marek , Varga Jozef , Komárek Michael , Ahado Samuel Kudjo , Šťastná Milada , Kizeková Miriam , Jančová Ľubica 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe expanding demand for new critical raw materials can lead to their increased release to the environment in the form of emerging environmental contaminants (EECs). However, there has never been a comprehensive study that takes into account the total EEC content, the content of various EEC fractions, their behaviour in floodplain soils, and potential ecological and human health risks. The occurrence, fractions, and influencing factors of the seven EECs (Li, Be, Sr, Ba, V, B, Se) originating from historical mining in floodplain soils of various ecosystems (arable lands, grasslands, riparian zones, contaminated sites) were investigated. Based on the evaluation of the overall levels of EECs (potentially toxic elements) in comparison to the soil guideline values set by European legislation for Be, Ba, V, B, and Se, it was found that only Be did not exceed the recommended limits. Among the elements analyzed, Li had the highest average contamination factor (CF) of 5.8, followed by Ba with 1.5 and B with 1.4. Particularly concerning was the discovery of a potential serious health risk associated with Li exposure for children, as indicated by hazard quotients ranging from 0.128 to 1.478. With the exception of Be and Se, the partitioning of the EECs into the different fractions revealed that the EECs are primarily bound with the residual fraction. Be (13.8%) had the highest percentage of exchangeable fraction as the most bioavailable in the first soil layer, followed by Sr (10.9%), Se (10.2%), Ba (10.0%), and B (2.9%). The most frequently observed correlations were between EEC fractions and pH/KCl, followed by soil organic carbon and manganese hydrous oxides. Variance analyses confirmed the impact of different ecosystems on EEC total content and fractions.
Mechanism of remodeling and local effects in vivo of a new injectable cosmetic filler
Authors: Sun Likui , Sun Xiaoxia , Ruan Wenting , Che Guoxi , Zhu Fuyu , Liu Chenghu , Wan Min 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBy studying the local effects of a new type of injectable cosmetic filler implanted into the animal to explore the mechanism of remodeling and cosmetic effect of this kind of product. Take 12 rabbits and select 4 implantation points on both sides of the spine, respectively, and implant the test sample (PLLA) and negative control sample (HDPE) into the subcutaneous tissues on both sides. In the same way, take another 12 rabbits and implant the marketing control sample (cross-linked sodium hyaluronate) and negative control sample (HDPE) into the subcutaneous tissues on both sides. The animals were executed at 1 week, 4 weeks, 13 weeks and 52 weeks respectively, and Hematoxylin–Eosin staining, Masson trichrome staining and immunofluorescence staining were performed to characterize the local effects in vivo and the expression of type I collagen (Col. I), type III collagen (Col.III) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Good histocompatibility of the test sample and the marketing control sample were found. The foreign body reaction of marketing control sample was more intense than that of the test sample after 13 weeks. The foreign body reaction of testing sample was more intense after 52 weeks, while that of the marketing control sample was more stable. With the process of tissue repair, the collagen fibers of test samples and marketing control samples gradually increased after implantation. Type I collagen was mainly found inside the fiber capsule, while type III collagen was mainly found outside. The positive expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 gradually increased, the positive expression of test samples increased significantly after 52 weeks, while that of marketing control samples did not change significantly. Good histocompatibility of PLLA filler is found. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 participates in foreign body reaction and collagen formation, which can reflect the process of tissue remodeling.
Improved GBS-YOLOv5 algorithm based on YOLOv5 applied to UAV intelligent traffic
Authors: Liu Haiying , Duan Xuehu , Lou Haitong , Gu Jason , Chen Haonan , Bi Lingyun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs the road traffic situation becomes complex, the task of traffic management takes on an increasingly heavy load. The air-to-ground traffic administration network of drones has become an important tool to promote the high quality of traffic police work in many places. Drones can be used instead of a large number of human beings to perform daily tasks, as: traffic offense detection, daily crowd detection, etc. Drones are aerial operations and shoot small targets. So the detection accuracy of drones is less. To address the problem of low accuracy of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in detecting small targets, we designed a more suitable algorithm for UAV detection and called GBS-YOLOv5. It was an improvement on the original YOLOv5 model. Firstly, in the default model, there was a problem of serious loss of small target information and insufficient utilization of shallow feature information as the depth of the feature extraction network deepened. We designed the efficient spatio-temporal interaction module to replace the residual network structure in the original network. The role of this module was to increase the network depth for feature extraction. Then, we added the spatial pyramid convolution module on top of YOLOv5. Its function was to mine small target information and act as a detection head for small size targets. Finally, to better preserve the detailed information of small targets in the shallow features, we proposed the shallow bottleneck. And the introduction of recursive gated convolution in the feature fusion section enabled better interaction of higher-order spatial semantic information. The GBS-YOLOv5 algorithm conducted experiments showing that the value of mAP@0.5 was 35.3$$\%$$%and the mAP@0.5:0.95 was 20.0$$\%$$%. Compared to the default YOLOv5 algorithm was boosted by 4.0$$\%$$%and 3.5$$\%$$%, respectively.
Correction for attenuation and visual response in digital radiography.
Authors: Welande U , Yoshiura K , Li G , Sällström P , McDavid W D 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES To derive a method to correct for the exponential attenuation adding visual linearization for digital radiography and to perform an experimental test to study effects on observer performance. METHOD A theoretical analysis was performed and expressions were derived to correct radiographic data for the attenuation. An experiment was performed exposing an aluminum step wedge with holes of increasing depths behind each step plus soft tissue simulation. Seven original images were created with a digital intraoral X-ray sensor and a further 14 transformed images produced. Ten observers examined the images in a randomized order reporting the number of holes seen per wedge step. The results were analysed by One Way ANOVA. RESULTS It was possible to correct for attenuation and the response of the human visual system to light intensities from a computer monitor. Perception was significantly improved in all recalculated radiographs that took both attenuation and the response of the eye into account (P-values ranged from <0.0001 to <0.0286). CONCLUSIONS The transforms may be useful for improved perception when viewing digital radiographs.
Survey of dental radiographic services in private dental clinics in Damascus, Syria.
Authors: Salti L , Whaites E J 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES To perform a radiographic survey of private dental clinics in Damascus, Syria using a postal questionnaire to produce recommendations for improving the quality of dental radiographic services and education in Syria. METHODS Three hundred private dental clinics in Damascus were surveyed using a postal questionnaire (in English and Arabic) containing 27 questions on demographic information, equipment, techniques, selection criteria, frequency of examinations, and undergraduate/ postgraduate education. RESULTS Two hundred and two (67%) dentists responded of which 95% graduated in Syria. The results showed a general lack of knowledge and understanding of dental radiography. Sixty four per cent did not know the kVp setting of their equipment, 73% used D-speed film, 57% did not use film holders and beam aiming devices, 25% did not use a viewing box. In addition, 45% of known equipment operated at 50 kVp or less and 16% was over 20 years old. No meaningful selection criteria existed with a wide variation in type and frequency of radiographs used for different clinical conditions. Syrian undergraduate training in dental radiology was minimal and there was no postgraduate education in the speciality. CONCLUSIONS Several areas of the radiographic service in Damascus fall short of current recommendations on good practice. Recommendations are made to improve the service, the quality of undergraduate education and to establish postgraduate education.
Channel characteristics analysis of millimetre‐wave bands in Hyperloop scenarios based on ray‐tracing
Authors: Wang Kai , Liu Liu , Zhang Jiachi , Liu MeiLu , Zhou Tao , Ai Bo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA reliable train‐to‐ground wireless communication system is proposed for the foundation of the safe operation of Hyperloop. The wireless channel characteristics of Hyperloops at millimetre‐wave (mmWave) bands are analysed based on the ray‐tracing method. Considering the reflection paths and line of sight path, the channel transfer function expression is derived for each multipath and then the channel impulse response is obtained. On this basis, the investigation and analysis of the large‐scale and small‐scale channel characteristics, including the path loss, shadow fading, delay spread, and angular spread of 4 different mmWave frequency carriers, that is, 28/38/45/60 GHz, are conducted. Simulation results show that the path loss increases as the frequency increases while the time delay spread and angular spread almost keep unchanged. The relevant research results will contribute to the design of future Hyperloop wireless communication systems.
Competitive relationship between electrical degradation and healing in self‐healing dielectric polymers
Authors: Han Lu , Xie Jiaye , Li Qi , He Jinliang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe concept of self‐healing dielectric polymers has been heatedly discussed, with the expectation of high damage resistance and longer service time. However, there is still a lack of analysis on the competitive relationship between electrical degradation and self‐healing. The authors discussed this relationship in two stages: the design of self‐healing strategies and the operation of self‐healing polymers. Since the requirements for excellent insulating or mechanical properties are not consistent with the demands for high self‐healing capability, trade‐offs are necessary during the design of self‐healing polymeric systems. In the operation stage of dielectric polymers, some key factors that affect the service lifetime of non‐autonomous self‐healing dielectric polymers are analysed, including the efficiency and repeatability of self‐healing, and the frequency of healing maintenance. For autonomous self‐healing dielectrics, the simultaneous processes of ageing and healing are investigated using a self‐healing epoxy resin based on microcapsules and in situ‐generated radicals. A quicker recovery of insulating properties, in terms of partial discharge magnitude, was observed under appropriate healing voltages. However, the self‐healing ability might vanish when the voltage was too high, verifying the competitive relationship between electrical degradation and self‐healing.
Non‐linear modelling and distortion compensation in optical Fast‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems
Authors: Vieira Luis Carlos , Ozan Waseem , Mitchell John , Darwazeh Izzat 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFast‐OFDM‐based intensity‐modulation and direct‐detection (IM/DD) has been proposed for deployment of cost‐efficient optical access networks, due to its implementation simplicity and high spectral efficiency. In this article, the accuracy of the generalised memory polynomial (GMP) for the non‐linear modelling of optical Fast‐OFDM links is studied, including memory effects and considering different model parameters. After model validation using measured data of a 10 km single mode fibre link, the GMP is used for performance investigations of a distortion compensation approach to optical Fast‐OFDM, for up to 16PAM modulation formats and different number of Fast‐OFDM subcarriers. This study firstly reports the performance results of optical 16PAM‐Fast‐OFDM systems using either 2PAM‐ or 4PAM‐based training signals for digital post‐distortion and FFT‐based channel estimation, and firstly investigates the influence of the zero padding (ZP) length on the performance of optical Fast‐OFDM. Excellent performance improvements are achieved using the proposed distortion compensation scheme, relative to conventional system implementation.
Astrochemical models of interstellar ices: History matters
Authors: Clément A. , Taillard A. , Wakelam V. , Gratier P. , Loison J.-C. , Dartois E. , Dulieu F. , Noble J. A. , Chabot M. 
Published: June 2023

Context. Ice is ubiquitous in the interstellar medium. As soon as it becomes slightly opaque in the visible, it can be seen for visual extinctions (AV) above ~1.5. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will observe the ice composition toward hundreds of lines of sight, covering a broad range of physical conditions in these extinct regions.
Aims. We model the formation of the main constituents of interstellar ices, including H2O, CO2, CO, and CH3OH. We strive to understand what physical or chemical parameters influence the final composition of the ice and how they benchmark to what has already been observed, with the aim of applying these models to the preparation and analysis of JWST observations.
Methods. We used the Nautilus gas-grain model, which computes the gas and ice composition as a function of time for a set of physical conditions, starting from an initial gas phase composition. All important processes (gas-phase reactions, gas-grain interactions, and grain surface processes) are included and solved with the rate equation approximation.
Results. We first ran an astrochemical code for fixed conditions of temperature and density mapped in the cold core L429-C to benchmark the chemistry. One key parameter was revealed to be the dust temperature. When the dust temperature is higher than 12 K, CO2 will form efficiently at the expense of H2O, while at temperatures below 12 K, it will not form. Whatever hypothesis we assumed for the chemistry (within realistic conditions), the static simulations failed to reproduce the observed trends of interstellar ices in our target core. In a second step, we simulated the chemical evolution of parcels of gas undergoing different physical and chemical situations throughout the molecular cloud evolution and starting a few 107 yr prior to the core formation (dynamical simulations). We obtained a large sample of possible ice compositions. The ratio of the different ice components seems to be approximately constant for AV > 5, and in good agreement with the observations. Interestingly, we find that grain temperature and low AV conditions significantly affect the production of ice, especially for CO2, which shows the highest variability.
Conclusions. Our dynamical simulations satisfactorily reproduce the main trends already observed for interstellar ices. Moreover, we predict that the apparent constant ratio of CO2/H2O observed to date is probably not true for regions of low AV, and that the history of the evolution of clouds plays an essential role, even prior to their formation.
Dwell time in contact-free creep tests plays an age-dependent role in the viscoelastic behavior of in vivo human skin
Authors: Abellan Marie-Angèle , Ayadh Meriem , Bergheau Jean-Michel , Zahouani Hassan 
Published: June 2023

The experimental characterization of human skin in vivo may be highly dependent on the experimental protocol and on the procedure employed for analyzing the experimental data. One way of overcoming these drawbacks is the contact-free indenter at the Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes, Lyon, France. However, it is still necessary to determine the possible influence of the experimental protocol in terms of the dwell time chosen. This paper describes a coupled theoretical/experimental/numerical study on the viscoelastic responses of the human skin at two different ages during contact-free creep tests with dwell times of 0.1 s, 0.5 s, 1 s, 2 s and 100 s, respectively. The 3-D finite element simulations are conducted with the SYSTUS® software. The numerical results point to different behaviors for the young and elderly subjects. The young subject does not appear influenced by dwell times during the numerical creep tests. On the contrary, the response of the elderly subject is highly dependent on dwell time.
Ernährungsumstellung bei metabolischem Syndrom
Authors: Römmele Petra 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDas metabolische Syndrom kann durch die Lebensstiländerung, die diätetische Interventionen umfasst, positiv beeinflusst werden. Erfolgreiche Ernährungsstrategien fokussieren sich zunächst auf das Erreichen einer negativen Energiebilanz und Gewichtsverlust. Langfristig muss eine individuell passende neue Ernährungsweise gefunden und verfestigt werden. Je nach Präferenz kann die zeitlich begrenzte Nahrungsaufnahme, der Verzicht auf hochverarbeitete Lebensmittel oder die Umstellung auf beispielsweise eine mediterrane Ernährungsweise als Lebensstiländerung hilfreich sein. Gesunde Ernährungsmuster zeichnen sich durch eine Lebensmittelauswahl mit geringer Energie- und hoher Nährstoffdichte aus.
Heilstollentherapie – ein traditionelles Naturheilmittel für Atemwegserkrankungen
Authors: Schwarz Joachim 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Heilstollen- oder Heilhöhlentherapie (Speläotherapie) ist ein traditionelles Naturheilverfahren, dessen wissenschaftliche Aufarbeitung erst Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts begann. Wichtigstes Kennzeichen der 12 zertifizierten Kaltluftheilstollen in Deutschland ist die kalte, feuchte Luft, die nahezu frei von Staub, Pollen und Allergenen ist. Ein weiteres Merkmal ist die außergewöhnliche Stille unter Tage. Salzheilstollen zeichnen sich durch die hohe Salzkonzentration, Radonheilstollen durch ihre hohe Radonkonzentration in der Luft aus. Hauptindikationen sind Erkrankungen der Atemwege in Kaltluft- und Salzheilstollen, entzündliche Erkrankungen des Bewegungsapparats in Radonheilstollen. Die klimatischen Bedingungen in Heilstollen und die bisherigen Erfahrungen mit Long-Covid-Patienten machen die Therapie von Long Covid durch Heilstollenaufenthalte zu einer sinnvollen Ergänzung.