bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lewis Acid‐Mediated Ring Contraction of 2,4‐Diaryl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐1,5‐benzodiazepines: Access to 2‐Aryl‐1‐styrylbenzimidazoles
Authors: Zhang Mengyao , Wu Qiuyue , Xu Jiaxi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract2,4‐Diaryl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐1,5‐benzodiazepines readily undergo a ring contraction to generate 2‐aryl‐1‐styrylbenzimidazoles in the presence of some Lewis acids. Copper acetate shows high efficiency compared with other Lewis acids. The ring contraction includes Lewis acid‐catalyzed intramolecular addition, ammonium‐induced ring‐opening of the generated four‐membered azetidine ring, deprotonation, and amine‐promoted nucleophilic styryl 1,2‐shift and elimination. Copper acetate serves as Lewis acid, base, and oxidant. The current reaction provides an efficient method for the convenient synthesis of 2‐aryl‐1‐styrylbenzimidazole derivatives from readily available 2,4‐diaryl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐1,5‐benzodiazepines.
Combination of naproxen and a chemically‐stable eicosapentaenoic acid analog provide additive tumor protection in Pirc rats
Authors: Beach Ryan , Hatano Yuichiro , Qiao Yong , Grady James , Sei Shizuko , Mohammed Altaf , Rosenberg Daniel W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer‐related deaths in the United States. Patients with the genetic disorder Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) develop hundreds to thousands of polyps that unless removed by prophylactic colectomy will progress to CRC at an early age. Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have been evaluated for their chemopreventive potential in delaying CRC onset in high‐risk patients. In our study, we determined whether the NSAID, naproxen, alone or in combination with a chemically‐stable EPA analog (TP‐252), affects tumor formation in the ApcPirc rat model. When compared to control diet, animals fed naproxen or HD TP‐252 had 66% and 82% fewer tumors, respectively. However, animals fed a combination of naproxen and HD TP‐252, exhibited a 95% reduction in tumor formation and a 98% reduction in tumor volume, respectively. To elucidate potential mechanisms of tumor protection, a comprehensive, targeted lipidomic analysis was performed on colonic mucosa to determine changes in eicosanoid metabolism. Animals receiving TP‐252 alone or in combination with naproxen had significantly reduced mucosal levels of proinflammatory ω‐6 eicosanoids (PGE2, 5‐HETE and 14,15‐DiHETrE), along with a simultaneous increase in anti‐inflammatory EPA‐derived ω‐3 eicosanoids. A comprehensive lipidomic analysis also uncovered several potential pharmacodynamic (PD) lipid biomarkers, including resolvin E2, 9‐HEPE, 12‐HEPE and 18‐HEPE, that were significantly correlated with tumor protection. Further studies with this drug combination should be focused on dose optimization and the role of EPA‐derived lipid mediators in CRC initiation and progression.
Age‐related differences in cancer relative survival in the United States: A SEER‐18 analysis
Authors: Withrow Diana R. , Nicholson Brian D. , Morris Eva J. A. , Wong Melisa L. , Pilleron Sophie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCancer survival has improved since the 1990s, but to different extents across age groups, with a disadvantage for older adults. We aimed to quantify age‐related differences in relative survival (RS—1‐year and 1‐year conditioning on surviving 1 year) for 10 common cancer types by stage at diagnosis. We used data from 18 United States Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results cancer registries and included cancers diagnosed in 2012 to 2016 followed until December 31, 2017. We estimated absolute differences in RS between the 50 to 64 age group and the 75 to 84 age group. The smallest differences were observed for prostate and breast cancers (1.8%‐points [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5‐2.1] and 1.9%‐points [95% CI: 1.5‐2.3], respectively). The largest was for ovarian cancer (27%‐points, 95% CI: 24‐29). For other cancers, differences ranged between 7 (95% CI: 5‐9, esophagus) and 18%‐points (95% CI: 17‐19, pancreas). Except for pancreatic cancer, cancer type and stage combinations with very high (>95%) or very low (<40%) 1‐year RS tended to have smaller age‐related differences in survival than those with mid‐range prognoses. Age‐related differences in 1‐year survival conditioning on having survived 1‐year were small for most cancer and stage combinations. The broad variation in survival differences by age across cancer types and stages, especially in the first year, age‐related differences in survival are likely influenced by amenability to treatment. Future work to measure the extent of age‐related differences that are avoidable, and identify how to narrow the survival gap, may have most benefit by prioritizing cancers with relatively large age‐related differences in survival (eg, stomach, esophagus, liver and pancreas).
How to overcome resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer: From mechanisms to translation
Authors: Wang Qianyu , Shen Xiaofei , Chen Gang , Du Junfeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractImmunotherapy, especially with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has shown advantages in cancer treatment and is a new hope for patients who have failed multiline therapy. However, in colorectal cancer (CRC), the benefit is limited to a small subset of patients with microsatellite instability‐high (MSI‐H) or mismatch repair‐deficient (dMMR) metastatic CRC (mCRC). In addition, 45% to 60% of dMMR/MSI‐H mCRC patients showed primary or acquired resistance to ICIs. This means that these patients may have potential unknown pathways mediating immune escape. Almost all mismatch repair‐proficient (pMMR) or microsatellite‐stable (MSS) mCRC patients do not benefit from ICIs. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of action of ICIs and their current status in CRC. We then discuss the mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to ICIs in CRC. Finally, we discuss promising therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance to ICIs in the clinic.
Is the crop evapotranspiration rate a good surrogate for the recommended irrigation rate?
Authors: Friedman Shmulik P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNumerous methodologies and technologies of varying levels of sophistication for irrigation rate determination have been developed over the years to address limited irrigation water availability and optimize water productivity. Crop evapotranspiration is currently evaluated mostly according to the FAO56 approach, which has been augmented in recent years with remote sensing of correlated plant indices. When no other information is available, the evapotranspiration rate does give an indication of the optimal irrigation rate in some circumstances. However, in many other circumstances discussed in this short communication, replenishing the soil with crop evapotranspiration either substantially overestimates or underestimates the optimal, physiological (agronomical/economical) irrigation rate. Consequently, this note raises doubts and opens a discussion about the extensive reliance on the evaluated crop (potential or actual) evapotranspiration rate for recommending an optimal irrigation rate (irrigation dose/irrigation amount).
The role of identity in the development of depressive, anxiety, and psychosis symptoms in adolescents exposed to childhood adversity
Authors: Samaey Celine , Lecei Aleksandra , Achterhof Robin , Hagemann Noëmi , Hermans Karlijn S. F. M. , Hiekkaranta Anu P. , Kirtley Olivia J. , Reininghaus Ulrich , Boets Bart , Myin‐Germeys Inez , van Winkel Ruud 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionChildhood adversity is a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders and has especially been associated with an admixture of depressive, anxiety, and psychosis symptoms. Identity formation, a main developmental task during adolescence, may be impacted by these adverse experiences and act as an important process in the association between childhood adversity and psychopathology.MethodsWe investigated the association between childhood adversity, identity formation, and depressive, anxiety, and psychosis symptoms cross‐sectionally in 1913 Flemish adolescents between 11 and 20 years old (mean = 13.76, SD = 1.86). Adolescents completed questionnaires during the first wave of the SIGMA study between January 2018 and May 2019.ResultsChildhood interpersonal adversity was associated with increased identity confusion and decreased identity synthesis. Additionally, identity confusion was associated with increased self‐reported levels of psychopathology and potentially mediated the association between childhood adversity and psychopathology.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of promoting healthy identity formation in adolescents with and without exposure to adverse childhood experiences.
On the compounding of nitrate loads and discharge
Authors: Kim Taereem , Villarini Gabriele , Kim Hanbeen , Jane Robert , Wahl Thomas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCompound extremes can arise from combinations of multiple drivers, and even non‐extreme univariate events can combine to cause large societal and economic impacts. In this study, we model multivariate compound events focusing on the potential interaction of nitrate loads and discharge. We use daily discharge and nitrate loads at seven US Geological Survey sites in the state of Iowa. We apply a two‐sided conditional sampling method, which derives two joint probabilities conditioning on discharge and nitrate loads, respectively. Our results show that there is a dependence between discharge and nitrate loads, which can be described through bivariate modeling and the subsequent estimation of their joint annual exceedance probabilities (AEPs). The magnitude of the joint AEPs to extreme discharge and extreme nitrate loads exhibit different structures across the different sites, highlighting the different roles of these two quantities in controlling their compounding. In examining the ranges in design values for a given AEP, we found that the largest variability in highly likely values was generally associated with high agricultural intensity, high hog density, and fertilizer expenditures.
Clinical guideline highlights for the hospitalist: Evaluation for bleeding disorders in suspected child abuse
Authors: Murray Liza , Puls Henry T. 
Published: February 2023

GUIDELINE TITLEEvaluation for Bleeding Disorders in Suspected Child AbuseRELEASE DATEOctober 2022PRIOR VERSION(S)2013DEVELOPERAmerican Academy of PediatricsFUNDING SOURCEAmerican Academy of PediatricsTARGET POPULATIONChildren and infants with bruising or bleeding suspicious for physical abuse
Challenges of cooperation for development: A case‐study analysis of Cuban health solidarity programmes in Nigeria
Authors: Khalil‐Babatunde Mouzayian , Panichelli‐Batalla Stéphanie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCuba has long‐standing development partnerships with many African countries. In Nigeria, this includes medical staff training, interventions in malaria disease and death. Using a two‐tiered analytical framework and elite interviews, we problematise ideological conceptualisation of development and its praxis, particularly capability and willingness to explore alternative approaches or partnerships for development. We argue that what occurs between rhetoric and reality of this case is characteristic of entrenched structural and operational dynamics to layers of institutionalised development agenda‐setting sustained by international development policy regimes. This research highlights the need to explore alternative development approaches that engender mutually beneficial and equal partnerships.
Coaggregative interactions between rhizobacteria are promoted by exopolysaccharides from Sinorhizobium meliloti
Authors: Nocelli Natalia , Cossovich Sacha , Primo Emiliano , Sorroche Fernando , Nievas Fiorela , Giordano Walter , Bogino Pablo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBacterial surface components and extracellular compounds such as exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are crucial for interactions between cells, tolerance to different types of stress, and host colonization. Sinorhizobium meliloti produces two EPSs: Succinoglycan (EPS I), which is involved in the establishment of symbiosis with Medicago sativa, and galactoglucan (EPS II), associated with biofilm formation and the promotion of aggregation. Here, we aimed to assess their role in aggregative interactions between cells of the same strain of a given species (auto‐aggregation), and between genetically different strains of the same or different species (intra‐ or intergeneric coaggregation). To do this, we used S. meliloti mutants which are defective in the production of EPS I, EPS II, or both. Macroscopic and microscopic coaggregation tests were performed with combinations or pairs of different bacterial strains. The EPS II‐producing strains were more capable of coaggregation than those that cannot produce EPS II. This was true both for coaggregations between different S. meliloti strains, and between S. meliloti and other common rhizobacteria of agricultural relevance, such as Pseudomonas fluorescens and Azospirillum brasilense. The exogenous addition of EPS II strongly promoted coaggregation, thus confirming the polymer's importance for this phenotype. EPS II may therefore be a key factor in events of physiological significance for environmental survival, such as aggregative interactions and biofilm development. Furthermore, it might be a connecting molecule with relevant properties at an ecological, biotechnological, and agricultural level.
Patellofemoral joint loading and early osteoarthritis after ACL reconstruction
Authors: Schache Anthony G. , Sritharan Prasanna , Culvenor Adam G. , Patterson Brooke E. , Perraton Luke G. , Bryant Adam L. , Guermazi Ali , Morris Hayden G. , Whitehead Timothy S. , Crossley Kay M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPatellofemoral joint (PFJ) osteoarthritis is common following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and may be linked with altered joint loading. However, little is known about the cross‐sectional and longitudinal relationship between PFJ loading and osteoarthritis post‐ACLR. This study tested if altered PFJ loading is associated with prevalent and worsening early PFJ osteoarthritis post‐ACLR. Forty‐six participants (mean ± 1 SD age 26 ± 5 years) approximately 1‐year post‐ACLR underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and biomechanical assessment of their reconstructed knee. Trunk and lower‐limb kinematics plus ground reaction forces were recorded during the landing phase of a standardized forward hop. These data were input into a musculoskeletal model to calculate the PFJ contact force. Follow‐up MRI was completed on 32 participants at 5‐years post‐ACLR. Generalized linear models (Poisson regression) assessed the relationship between PFJ loading and prevalent early PFJ osteoarthritis (i.e., presence of a PFJ cartilage lesion at 1‐year post‐ACLR) and worsening PFJ osteoarthritis (i.e., incident/progressive PFJ cartilage lesion between 1‐ and 5‐years post‐ACLR). A lower peak PFJ contact force was associated with prevalent early PFJ osteoarthritis at 1‐year post‐ACLR (n = 14 [30.4%]; prevalence ratio: 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.85) and a higher risk of worsening PFJ osteoarthritis between 1‐ and 5‐years post‐ACLR (n = 9 [28.1%]; risk ratio: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.13–2.11). Young adults post‐ACLR who exhibited lower PFJ loading during hopping were more likely to have early PFJ osteoarthritis at 1‐year and worsening PFJ osteoarthritis between 1‐ and 5‐years. Clinical interventions aimed at mitigating osteoarthritis progression may be beneficial for those with signs of lower PFJ loading post‐ACLR.
The differences in main components, enzyme activity, and microbial composition between substandard and normal jiuyao
Authors: Zhao Guoliang , Zhou Zhilei , Li Zhijiang , Liu Shuangping , Shan Zhichu , Cheng Fei , Zhou Weibiao , Mao Jian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDJiuyao is a critical fermenting agent in traditional huangjiu brewing and it affects the quality of huangjiu. To assess and monitor the quality of jiuyao effectively we determined the differences between two common types of substandard jiuyao and normal jiuyao, with emphasis on the comparison of the main components, enzymatic activity, volatile substances, and microbial community structure.RESULTSThe water and starch content, acid protease activity, and esterification capability of type I substandard jiuyao were significantly lower than those of the normal jiuyao, and the protein contents, liquefaction capability, glycation capability, and neutral protease activity were substantially higher than those of the normal jiuyao. Type II substandard jiuyao had significantly lower indices than the normal group except for the starch and free amino acid content, which were significantly higher than those of the normal jiuyao. Significant differences were observed between substandard and normal jiuyao in the content of 21 volatile compounds. 2‐Pentylfuran could be used as a marker of substandard jiuyao. Type I substandard jiuyao contained a higher abundance of aerobic Pediococcus and Marivita in comparison with the normal jiuyao. Type II substandard jiuyao consisted of a greater abundance of anaerobic Mucor and Staphylococcus.CONCLUSIONThe quality of jiuyao was significantly affected by the water content. Due to the different abundances of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in jiuyao, oxygen may also be an important parameter affecting the quality of jiuyao. We believe that the present study offers a theoretical basis for the evaluation and control of the quality of jiuyao. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Office‐based Blue Laser Therapy of Vocal Fold Polyps: A Cohort of 18 Patients
Authors: Hamdan Abdul‐Latif , Hosri Jad , Feghali Patrick Abou Raji , Abi Zeid Daou Christophe , Ghanem Anthony 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of office‐based blue laser therapy of vocal fold polyps on voice.MethodsThe medical records and video recordings of patients who underwent office‐based laser therapy in a tertiary referral center between February 2020 and May 2020, and May 2021 and October 2022 was conducted. Only patients with vocal fold polyps who had undergone office‐based blue laser therapy were included. The voice was evaluated before and after surgery using the Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10), GRB perceptual evaluation, acoustic analysis, and maximum phonation time.ResultsA total of 18 patients were included. The mean age of the study group was 52.5 ± 11.94 years. The male‐to‐female ratio was 2:1. Ten patients of the total group (53.6%) had hemorrhagic polyps and the most common site was the mid‐third of the vocal fold. All patients who presented for follow‐up (n = 15) had partial or complete regression of the lesion (4 and 11, respectively). There was a significant decrease in the mean score of VHI‐10 (17.6 ± 9.97 vs. 4.27 ± 5.76, p < 0.001) and in the means of grade of dysphonia (2.0 ± 0.73 to 0.5 ± 0.63, p < 0.001), roughness (1.88 ± 0.81 to 0.44 ± 0.51, p < 0.001) and breathiness (0.81 ± 0.75 to 0.13 ± 0.34 p < 0.001). There was also a marked decrease in the perturbation parameters (jitter and shimmer) and a significant increase in the MPT from 10.66 ± 4.22 s to 14.26 ± 6.26 s (p = 0.028).ConclusionOffice‐based blue laser therapy is an effective treatment modality in patients with vocal fold polyps.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 133:2712–2718, 2023
Endoscopic Multiport Approach for Exenteration of the Infratemporal Fossa
Authors: Mongkolkul Kittichai , Alsavaf Mohammad Bilal , Salem Eman H. , VanKoevering Kyle K. , Kelly Kathleen , Hardesty Douglas A. , Prevedello Daniel M. , Carrau Ricardo L. 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo demonstrate anatomic relationships pertinent to the endoscopic multiport approach to the infratemporal fossa (ITF). Discuss advantages and limitations of each individual approach.Study DesignCadaveric study.MethodsEndoscopic and endoscopic‐assisted endonasal transpterygoid, sublabial transmaxillary, endoscopic transorbital, and endoscopic transoral approaches to accessing the ITF were completed in five silicone‐injected fresh cadaveric specimens (10 sides) with the assistance of 0, 30, and 450 rods‐lens endoscopes. Image guidance was used to confirm and document the anatomical relationships encountered in each approach.ResultsThe endonasal endoscopic transpterygoid approach provides better visualization and more direct exposure to median structures. Endoscopic‐assisted sublabial transmaxillary approach enhances the field of exposure, angle of attack, and ease of instrumentation to the lateral part of the ITF. Endoscopic‐assisted transorbital approach via the inferior orbital fissure provided cephalic and anterior access. Endoscopic‐assisted transoral approach complements the access to lesions extending inferior to the hard palate or far lateral to the mandibular condyle.ConclusionsA combination of minimal access infratemporal approaches can provide adequate exposure of the entire ITF while avoiding some of the morbidity associated with open approaches.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 133:1367–1374, 2023
Influence of wildfire on the rapidly changing features of patchy permafrost, Northeast China
Authors: Li Xiaoying , Jin Huijun , He Ruixia , Wang Hongwei , Sun Long , Luo Dongliang , Li Yan , Huang Yadong , Yang Xue , Jin Xiaoying , Chang Xiaoli , Wang Lizhong , Wei Changlei , Zhang Ze 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs an active ecological agent in the boreal forest, wildfires have many important impacts on the underlying permafrost. However, investigations of post‐fire changes in the features of ecosystem‐protected permafrost are extremely limited in the patchy permafrost regions, Northeast China. Additionally, the impacts of wildfires on patchy permafrost are complicated in this region. In this paper, based on field surveys and observations, permafrost features and their influencing factors were analyzed in the area burned in 2006. The results showed notably lower soil temperatures in shrub‐wetland (NWH1, unburned and NWH2, light burn) in comparison with those in the birch‐larch forest (NWH3, light burn and NWH4, moderate burn). Changes in shallow ground temperatures (0–4 m in depth) were significant. Mean annual soil temperatures (MAST) and annual maximum soil temperature at the light‐burn NWH2 site were 0.3–5.2°C higher than those of unburned NWH1, but annual minimum soil temperatures, 0.3–2.1°C lower. MASTs at the moderately burned NWH4 were 0.6–1.6°C higher than those at the light‐burn NWH3. The active layer thickness (ALT) was greater at burned sites, and; at the moderately burned site, only seasonal frost was found when 13 years after the burn. The contents of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were the highest at the unburned NWH1 from 0.0 to 0.4 m in depth, followed by those at the lightly‐burned NWH2 and NWH3, and the lowest at the moderately‐burned NWH4. Climate warming, forest fires, and changing local factors (e.g., soil moisture contents, snow cover, soil texture and drainage conditions) worked together to increase ground temperature and ALT. These research results could provide important scientific basis for the protection of boreal forest and wetlands and the ecosystem‐protected permafrost under a warming climate.
Higher dimensional Shimura varieties in the Prym loci of ramified double covers
Authors: Frediani Paola , Grosselli Gian Paolo , Mohajer Abolfazl 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we construct Shimura subvarieties of dimension bigger than one of the moduli space of δ‐polarized abelian varieties of dimension p, which are generically contained in the Prym loci of (ramified) double covers. The idea is to adapt the techniques already used to construct Shimura curves in the Prym loci to the higher dimensional case, namely, to use families of Galois covers of . The case of abelian covers is treated in detail, since in this case, it is possible to make explicit computations that allow to verify a sufficient condition for such a family to yield a Shimura subvariety of .