bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Archaeological prospection of a prehistoric lithic workshop site using ground penetrating radar with a high‐frequency antenna unit
Authors: Ryazantsev Pavel , Tarasov Aleksey , Potakhin Maksim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe surveyed in detail the Chalcolithic lithic workshop Fofanovo XIII an East Fennoscandian region by ground‐penetrating radar (GPR). A high‐frequency antenna unit was applied to map small‐scale features, mainly waste flakes. To substantiate the efficiency of the GPR technique, we performed a primary analysis of a set of equivalent models in a sandbox. The laboratory‐scale GPR investigation highlights differences in GPR patterns depending on the spatial arrangement of small features and supports the further interpretation of real‐life data. The GPR survey in the field covered 2200 m2, revealing areas with a high density of artefacts in the cultural layer and locating individual structural elements of the Fofanovo XIII archaeological site. We suggested using microdebitage samples from manual probing to verify the detected anomalous values of GPR attributes. The results point to a significant correlation between microdebitage and the envelope peak amplitude of the echo signal. Ultimately, our study confirmed the cultural layer in the Fofanovo XIII workshop site to be rich in lithic production wastes, indicating it was a place of mass‐scale production of lithic chopping tools.
High glucose leads to redistribution of the proteasomal system
Authors: Grune Tilman , Schnell Vanessa , Jung Tobias 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe impact of high glucose on the cellular redox state, causing both induction of antioxidative systems and also enhanced protein oxidation is discussed for a long time. It is established that elevated glucose levels are disrupting the cellular proteostasis and influencing the proteasomal system. However, it is still unresolved whether this is due to a reaction of the cellular proteasomal system towards the high glucose or whether this is a secondary reaction to inflammatory stimuli. Therefore, we used a dermal fibroblast cell line exposed to high glucose in order to reveal whether a response of the proteasomal system takes place. We investigated the α4 and the inducible iβ5 subunits of the 20S proteasome, as well as the Rpn1‐subunit of the 19S proteasomal regulator complex, measured activity of the 20S, 20S1, and 26S proteasome and detected as well changes in expression as a redistribution into the nucleus. Interestingly, while the activity of the proteasomal forms rather decreased under high glucose treatment; higher expression levels of components of the proteasomal system and higher concentrations of protein‐bound 3‐nitrotyrosine and Nrf2 (nuclear factor [erythroid‐derived 2]‐like 2) were detected. However, no change in the cytosol‐nucleus distribution could be detected for most of the quantified parameters. We concluded that high glucose alone, without additional inflammatory stimuli, provokes a regulatory response on the ubiquitin‐proteasomal system.
New Specific α‐Glucosidase Inhibitor Flavonoid from Thymelaea tartonraira Leaves: Structure Elucidation, Biological and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Soltani Siwar , Koubaa Imed , Dhouib Ines , Khemakhem Bassem , Marchand Pascal , Allouche Noureddine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe phytochemical investigation of Thymelaea tartonraira leaves led to the isolation and characterization of six compounds, including one new flavonoid glycoside identified as hypolaetin 8‐O‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (4) along with five known compounds, daphnoretin (1), triumbelletin (2), genkwanin (3), tiliroside (5) and yuankanin (6). Their structures were established based on spectroscopic methods, such as UV, IR, NMR, and HR‐ESI‐MS. Triumbelletin (2) and tiliroside (5) were isolated for the first time from T. tartonraira leaves. The antioxidant property of all isolated compounds was tested based on DPPH, FRAP and total antioxidant capacity assays. Compound 4 displayed an antioxidant potency more interesting than vitamin C with an IC50=15.00±0.50 μg/ml, followed by compound 5. Furthermore, the both compounds 4 and 5 were tested for their α‐amylase inhibitory activity in‐vitro. Compound 4 displayed higher potency to inhibit α‐amylase, with an IC50=46.49±2.32 μg/ml, than compound 5, with an IC50=184.2±9.2 μg/ml, while the reference compound acarbose presented the highest potency to inhibit α‐amylase with an IC50=0.44±0.022 μg/ml. Compound 4 displayed a strong inhibitory ability of α‐glucosidase activity approximately twice more than the reference compound, acarbose, with IC50 values of 60.00±3.00 and 125.00±6.25 μg/ml, respectively. Thus, compound 4 exhibited a specific inhibitory activity for α‐glucosidase. The molecular docking studies have supported our findings and suggested that compound 4 has been involved in various binding interactions within the active site of both enzymes α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase.
Incidental Langerhans cell histiocytosis associated with metastatic neuroendocrine tumor in the adult liver
Authors: Joseph Nancy M. , Wen Kwun Wah 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis is an unusual adult case of a metastatic well‐differentiated neuroendocrine tumor with incidentally discovered subtle involvement of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), a clonal proliferation of Langerhans cells. It is important to recognize that LCH can often co‐exist with other malignancies (solid > hematologic).
IgG4‐related sclerosing cholangitis, a mimicker of the cholangiocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Gyawali Siddinath , Pokhrel Biraj , Uprety Pratik , Gnawali Arun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn 83‐year‐old‐male patient presented with obstructive jaundice, whose imagings were consistent with the cholangiocarcinoma of the distal common bile duct. The tumor markers were within normal limits. IgG4 level was raised; therefore, IgG4‐sclerosing cholangitis was made as the provisional diagnosis. Steroid therapy was started to which he responded well.
Understanding the scope of preventable acute care spending among patients with eating disorders
Authors: de Oliveira Claire , Tanner Bryan , Colton Patricia , Kurdyak Paul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe economic burden of eating disorders is substantial. One potential way to reduce costs, without sacrificing care, may be to target preventable (i.e., potentially unnecessary) acute care. This study sought to determine the amount and proportion of preventable and non‐preventable acute care spending among individuals with eating disorders.MethodWe undertook a population‐based, cross‐sectional study of all individuals over the age of 17 with eating disorders (diagnosed through hospitalization) in Ontario, Canada, to determine potentially preventable and non‐preventable acute care spending. Preventable acute care (i.e., preventable emergency department visits and hospitalizations) was defined using previously validated algorithms. We undertook analyses for the full sample, by sex and by eating disorder diagnosis (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, eating disorder not otherwise specified, multiple).ResultsAmong 7547 individuals with eating disorders, 15% of all acute care spending (i.e., $1.33 million) was considered preventable; this figure was higher for females (14%) and those with bulimia nervosa (21%). Among emergency department visits, 25% of visits were considered preventable; the largest proportions were for non‐emergent (11%) and primary care treatable (10%) conditions. Among hospitalizations, 9% were considered preventable; the highest proportions of preventable care spending were for short‐term diabetes complications (1.8%) and urinary tract infections (1.8%).DiscussionAlthough the economic burden of eating disorders is substantial, there is some scope to decrease acute care spending among this patient population. Care coordination and improved access to primary care and disease prevention, particularly related to diabetes, may help prevent the occurrence of some acute care episodes.Public SignificanceMany jurisdictions have implemented strategies to reduce costs and improve the quality of care among patients with high health care needs, such as those with eating disorders; however, it is unclear whether any costs can be reduced and, if so, which costs. Cost‐savings resulting from the reduction of unnecessary care could provide further economic justification for increased investment in outpatient care for individuals with eating disorders.
Resident species, not immigrants, drive reorganization of estuarine fish assemblages in response to warming
Authors: de Souza Joice Silva , dos Santos Luciano Neves 
Published: February 2023

AbstractClimate change is reshaping biological communities, as species track environmental temperature. Assemblage reorganization is underpinned by shifts in species abundance and distribution, but studies often focus on documenting compositional turnover. As a consequence, phenomena such as the tropicalization of temperate communities have been widely associated with increased occupancy of warm‐affinity species. Abundance‐weighted change in thermal affinity can be tracked with the Community Temperature Index (CTI), and decomposed into four processes: tropicalization (increasing warm‐affinity), borealization (increasing cold‐affinity), deborealization (decreasing cold‐affinity), and detropicalization (decreasing warm‐affinity). Further evaluation of these processes according to species persistence (i.e., immigrant, emigrant, and resident) may provide insights on whether novel communities emerge primarily from local shifts in species abundance or distribution. Using long‐term data on fish assemblages undergoing climate change's effects across 19 temperate estuaries surveyed for at least 20 years, we hypothesized (1) deborealization is the main process reshaping communities under climate change, and (2) the contribution of resident species to processes reshaping communities surpass the ones from immigrants and emigrants. Community dissimilarity was calculated through the Temporal Beta Index (TBI), which was further decomposed into species and individual losses and gains. These values were then used as effect sizes in the meta‐analyses performed to detect systematic trends in assemblage reorganization in response to climate change. We also calculated CTI and the strength of temperature‐related processes for resident, immigrant and emigrant species. Species and individual gains outweighed losses in estuaries. Temperature was correlated with changes in species abundance, but not occurrence. Fish abundance decreased with warming, and initially cooler estuaries gained more fish than warmer ones. Novel communities were shaped by a variety of processes, but mainly tropicalization. Assemblage reorganization was primarily driven by shifts in abundance of resident species with distinct thermal affinities, while contributions of arriving and exiting species played a secondary role. These findings reveal that novel communities are drawn primarily from the local species pool, due to changes in climate‐related drivers that favor distinct resident species.
Can Brazilian Central Bank communication help to predict the yield curve?
Authors: de Andrade Alves Cássio Roberto , Joseph Abraham Kuruvilla , Poletti Laurini Márcio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates whether Brazilian Central Bank communication helps to forecast the yield curve. Our forecast strategy involves two steps: First, we analyze textual Central Bank documents to extract sentiment variables that describe its communication, and then, we include those sentiment variables as additional factors into the dynamic Nelson–Siegel term structure model. We found that sentiment variables contain predictive information for yield curve forecasting. Specifically, when combined with macroeconomic variables, the sentiment variables improve the accuracy of the forecast for short maturities and forecast horizons. In addition, sentiment variables are useful in forecasting for medium and long forecast horizons for all maturities. Besides finding a new source of information to forecast the yield curve, the results indicate that the information provided by Central Bank affects market participants, proving to be a useful tool for monetary policy.
School‐age vaccination, school openings and Covid‐19 diffusion
Authors: Amodio Emanuele , Battisti Michele , Gravina Antonio Francesco , Lavezzi Andrea Mario , Maggio Giuseppe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the relationship between school openings and Covid‐19 diffusion when school‐age vaccination becomes available. The analysis relies on a unique geo‐referenced high frequency database on age of vaccination, Covid‐19 cases and hospitalization indicators from the Italian region of Sicily. The study focuses on the change of Covid‐19 diffusion after school opening in a homogeneous geographical territory (i.e., with the same control measures and surveillance systems, centrally coordinated by the Regional Government). The identification of causal effects derives from a comparison of the change in cases before and after school opening in the school year 2020/21, when vaccination was not available, and in 2021/22, when the vaccination campaign targeted individuals of age 12–19 and above 19. Results indicate that, while school opening determined an increase in the growth rate of Covid‐19 cases in 2020/2021, this effect has been substantially reduced by school‐age vaccination in 2021/2022. In particular, we find that an increase of approximately 10% in the vaccination rate of school‐age population reduces the growth rate of Covid‐19 cases after school opening by approximately 1%.
Obstacle's effects and their location inside the square cavity on the thermal performance of Cu–Al2O3/H2O hybrid nanofluid
Authors: Hachichi Farid , Belghar Nourredine , Kamel Chadi , Saleh Momen S. M. , Kadja Mahfoud , Lachi Mohammed , Chamkha Ali J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe current study focuses on the effect of obstacles and their positioning within the square cavity (L = H) on heat exchange. This work considers heating the cavity's bottom wall to a steady, high temperature. The top wall of the cavity is adiabatic, while the two vertical side walls are cooled. Four cases are explored under these conditions: the first case is a square‐shaped cavity holding a square‐shaped obstacle h = l = 0,15 L, while the other three cases, respectively, each include two, three, and four square obstacles. The cavity was filled with Cu–Al2O3/H2O hybrid nanofluid with a volume fraction φ = 0.03. Numerical results for laminar and stationary flow regimes with Rayleigh numbers 104 ≤ Ra ≤ 106. The finite volume approach solves the governing equations numerically. The findings show that the number of square obstacles within the square‐shaped cavity significantly impacts heat exchange and hybrid nanofluid flow. The second example, with two square obstacles, improves heat exchange more than other cases with one to four barriers. In the second example, the obstacle location at the plane Y = 0.25H is suitable and helps boost heat transmission of the hybrid nanofluid. The ideal obstacle position in the fourth scenario, which has four square barriers, is at the plane Y = 0.75H.
Feasibility of conjunctive use of canal and alkali groundwater for toria–chicory crop rotation in western Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Chauhan Satish K. , Kaledhonkar Malharimartand J. , Singh Raja B. , Chauhan Ramesh S. , Shishodia Pawan K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe response of toria–chicory crop rotation under different conjunctive water use modes of good‐quality canal water with an electrical conductivity (ECCW) of 1.8 dS/m, residual sodium carbonate (RSCCW) of 0 and sodium adsorption ratio (SARCW) of 5.97 and alkali water with an ECAW of 2.81 dS/m, RSCAW of 10.12 meq/L and SARAW of 11.45 was evaluated for 5 years (2015–2020) on a well‐drained sandy loam soil. The initial pH of soil saturated paste (pHs), EC of saturated paste extract (ECe) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) values were 8.1, 2.3 dS/m and 5.5, respectively. The pHs values under different modes varied from 7.0 to 9.1, ECe varied from 3.4 to 4.7, and ESP varied from 8.9 to 13.5. The ECe and ESP build‐up affected yields. The highest and lowest yields were recorded in the canal water and alkali water treatments, respectively. Alkali water irrigation at the initial stage adversely affected yield, while canal water irrigation reduced adverse effects. The relative yields and economic returns were better under different conjunctive modes than under irrigation with alkali water alone. Farmers should prefer conjunctive use of canal water with alkali water. The use of canal water at the initial stages of crops is preferable.
Significantly elevated serum human epididymis protein‐4 in chronic kidney disease patients without ovarian cancer: A large‐scale retrospective study
Authors: Yan Shuidi , Lin Yong , Tian Xuelin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundsHuman epididymis protein‐4 (HE‐4) is a commonly used biomarker for diagnosing ovarian cancer. Elevated HE‐4 has also been observed in various benign conditions including chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, generalizability and statistical power of previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study that included 80 pathologically confirmed ovarian cancer patients, 641 CKD patients, and 2661 healthy controls. Serum HE‐4 and several renal function parameters were collected and compared between the three groups. Correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between HE‐4 and renal function parameters. A receiver operating characteristic curve was established to evaluate its diagnostic performance.ResultsCKD patients had the highest levels of HE‐4, with a median of 193.00 pmol/L, while the median in ovarian cancer patients was 90.82 pmol/L. HE‐4 levels also increased with CKD progression, and Spearman's rank correlation showed that HE‐4 had a strong correlation with renal function parameters in CKD patients. Furthermore, HE‐4 exhibited a satisfactory diagnostic performance in both differentiating CKD patients and controls as well as stage 2 CKD patients and controls.ConclusionHE‐4 can be used as an alternative biomarker for diagnosing CKD as it is less affected by several preanalytical factors. Nevertheless, in clinical practice, elevated HE‐4 requires taking both CKD and ovarian cancer into consideration.
Effects of polysaccharides from Gastrodia elata on the immunomodulatory activity and gut microbiota regulation in cyclophosphamide‐treated mice
Authors: Li Na , Wang Dan , Wen Xingjian , Chu Rui , Fan Jiuyu , Chen Yilong , Luo Yanfeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCyclophosphamide (CTX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of malignant tumors and autoimmune diseases. However, it can cause immunosuppression and damage the intestinal mucosa. The development of new agents to counteract these side effects is becoming increasingly important. Previous studies have shown that the polysaccharides from Gastrodia elata (GEPs) have strong immune‐enhancing effects; however, their functions regarding the intestines and the underlying mechanism are still unclear. In this study, the effects of GEPs on immunomodulatory activity, intestinal barrier function, and gut microbiota regulation were investigated in a mouse model of CTX‐induced immunosuppression.RESULTSGastrodia elata polysaccharides attenuated the CTX‐induced decrease in organ indices of the thymus and spleen, and promoted the secretion of immune‐related cytokines and immunoglobulins in the serum. They also improved the intestinal pathology and restored the intestinal barrier function by elevating the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins, occludin and ZO‐1. Moreover, GEPs restored the composition and abundance of the gut microbiota and increased the short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) content in the colon. The abundance of SCFA‐producing bacteria (Muribaculaceae, Prevotellaceae, and Bacteroidaceae) also increased.CONCLUSIONSGastrodia elata polysaccharides can effectively alleviate immunosuppression and regulate the intestinal barrier integrity and the structure of gut microbiota in CTX‐treated mice. They may be used as ingredients to develop functional foods for intestinal health. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Corticosteroid‐LABA inhalers increase phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and flow (PTF) in rabbits
Authors: Tanner Kristine , Robison Heidi J. , Stevens Maya Elena , Merrill Ray M. , Dromey Christopher , Barkmeier‐Kraemer Julie , Christensen M. Ben 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesThis study examined the effects of a combination corticosteroid plus long‐acting beta2‐adrenergic agonist inhaler (IC) on rabbit phonation.MethodsWhite New Zealand male rabbits were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups (n = 11 per group). The experimental group received twice‐daily doses of Advair HFA™ (fluticasone propionate 45 mcg and salmeterol 21 mcg) via a veterinary facemask with 1‐way valve and spacer; the control group received aerosolized saline. After 8 weeks, animals were euthanized, larynges excised, frozen, and subsequently thawed and mounted on a standard bench apparatus. Phonation was elicited during 15 successive trials, and phonation threshold pressure (PTP; cmH2O) and flow (PTF; L/min) were quantified.ResultsRepeated measures analysis of variance indicated significant differences between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05). Mean PTP and PTF values were higher (worse) for rabbits that received Advair HFA™.ConclusionFollowing 8‐week exposure to ICs, rabbit larynges required greater air pressure and flow to initiate phonation. Because even modest phonation onset differences can have a meaningful clinical impact on voice function, these findings suggest that LABA ICs may put patients at risk for voice disorders. Furthermore, these voice disorders may occur within a relatively short timeframe. The results from this study have important clinical implications for voice care in those who use ICs.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 133:2680–2686, 2023
Adhesive Films from Dopamine‐Functionalized Polydimethylsiloxane Polymer Conetworks
Authors: Mugemana Clément , Mertz Grégory , Grysan Patrick , Dieden Reiner , Ruch David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) adhesive films have increasingly attracted attention due to their inherent properties such as biocompatibility, high flexibility, optical transparency, and many others. In this contribution, dopamine‐functionalized polydimethylsiloxane polymer conetworks prepared from poly(pentafluorophenyl acrylate)‐l‐polydimethylsiloxane (PFPA‐l‐PDMS) amphiphilic polymer conetwork precursors are proposed. This straightforward approach gives easy access to polydopamine‐functionalized PDMS polymer conetworks with a different composition, stiffness of the polymer conetwork, and their corresponding nanoscale phase‐separated morphologies. The adhesive property of the polymer films on the glass substrate obtained by lap shear testing gives a maximum adhesive strength of 0.85 ± 0.08 MPa thanks to phase‐separated morphologies at the nanometer scale and the high flexibility inherent to polysiloxane. The proposed approach provides an easy and straightforward way to introduce dopamine into a polymer conetwork with tunable adhesive properties.