bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome-Derived Ligand-Receptor Interactome of Major PitNET Subgroups
Authors: Batchu Sai , Diaz Michael Joseph , Patel Aashay , Reddy Akshay , Lucke-Wold Brandon 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are rare skull base tumors which can impart significant disability owing to their locally invasive potential. To date, the gamut of PitNET subtypes remains ill-understood at the ligand-receptor (LR) interactome level, potentially limiting therapeutic options. Here, we present findings from in silico analysis of LR complexes formed by PitNETs with clinical presentations of acromegaly, Cushing's disease, high prolactin production, and without symptoms of hormone hypersecretion.
Methods Previously published PitNET gene expression data was acquired from ArrayExpress. These data represented all secretion types. LR interactions were analyzed via a crosstalk score approach.
Results Cortisol (CORT) ligand was significantly involved in tumor-to-tumor signaling across all PitNET subtypes but prolactinomas, which evidenced active CORT depletion. Likewise, CCL25 ligand was implicated in 20% of the top LR complex interactions along the tumor-to-stroma signaling axis, but silent PitNETs reported unique depletion of the CCL25 ligand. Along the stroma-to-tumor signaling axis, all clinical PitNET subtypes enriched stromal vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ligand interactions with tumor secretin receptor. All clinical PitNET subtypes enriched stromal DEFB103B (human β-defensin 103B) ligand interactions with stromal chemokine receptors along the stroma-to-stroma signaling axis. In PitNETs causing Cushing's disease, immune checkpoint ligand CD274 reported high stromal expression, and prolactinomas reported low stromal expression. Moreover, prolactinomas evidenced distinctly high stromal expression of immune-exhausted T cell response marker IL10RA compared with other clinical subtypes.
Conclusion Relative crosstalk score analysis revealed a great diversity of LR complex interactions across clinical PitNET subtypes and between solid tumor compartments. More data are needed to validate these findings and exact clinical importance.
Anatomic Risks with Overpenetration of the Volar Locking Plates' Proximal Holes
Authors: Hong Daniel Y. , Kunes Jennifer A. , Tedesco Liana J. , Danford Nicholas C. , Strauch Robert J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Volar locking plate fixation (VLP) is commonly used to treat distal radius fractures (DRF). Risk of dorsal compartment injury with distal screw hole fixation has been studied; however, the risk with proximal screw hole fixation is not well studied.
Purpose The goal of this study was to investigate the risk of dorsal structure injury from the screw holes proximal to the two distal rows.
Methods Nine cadaveric forearms were used. After volar distal radius exposure, a long VLP was applied. Kirschner wires were placed through the most proximal holes into the dorsal compartments. The extensor structures penetrated were noted and tagged with hemoclips. The distance from the dorsal cortex to the structures was measured.
Results The abductor pollicis longus (APL) and extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) muscle bodies were only penetrated; no tendons were penetrated. Proportion of muscle penetration increased with the more proximal screw holes. EPB was more likely to be penetrated distally and APL proximally; both were injured at holes 2 and 3. The extensors were 2 mm from the dorsal cortex of the radius on average; this did not decrease with compression of the forearm.
Conclusions This is the first study to examine the anatomic risk of extensor structure injury with VLP proximal screw hole penetration. No extensor tendons were penetrated by these proximal screw holes; first dorsal compartment muscle bellies may be irritated with overpenetration. Our findings suggest that proximal VLP screws do not need to be downsized if they are not over 2 mm prominent.
Hepatic Innervations and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Adori Monika , Bhat Sadam , Gramignoli Roberto , Valladolid-Acebes Ismael , Bengtsson Tore , Uhlèn Mathias , Adori Csaba 
Published: May 2023

Abbreviations graphical abstract: VMN/PVN, hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus/paraventricular nucleus; VLM/VMM, ventrolateral medulla/ventromedial medulla; SMG/CG, superior mesenteric ganglion/caeliac ganglia; NTS, nucleus of the solitary tract; NG, nodose ganglion.Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disorder. Increased sympathetic (noradrenergic) nerve tone has a complex role in the etiopathomechanism of NAFLD, affecting the development/progression of steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and liver hemodynamical alterations. Also, lipid sensing by vagal afferent fibers is an important player in the development of hepatic steatosis. Moreover, disorganization and progressive degeneration of liver sympathetic nerves were recently described in human and experimental NAFLD. These structural alterations likely come along with impaired liver sympathetic nerve functionality and lack of adequate hepatic noradrenergic signaling. Here, we first overview the anatomy and physiology of liver nerves. Then, we discuss the nerve impairments in NAFLD and their pathophysiological consequences in hepatic metabolism, inflammation, fibrosis, and hemodynamics. We conclude that further studies considering the spatial-temporal dynamics of structural and functional changes in the hepatic nervous system may lead to more targeted pharmacotherapeutic advances in NAFLD.
Magnetic proximity effect in ultrathin freestanding WS2/LaMnO3 van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Lu Qinwen , Lei Xunyong , Fu Jun , Wang Qing , Mao Xiaoyu , Cheng Long , Zhai Xiaofang , Zeng Hualing 
Published: May 2023

With complex coupling of multiple degrees of freedom, transition metal oxides (TMOs) provide a promising platform to tune the magnetic property in heterostructures via the magnetic proximity effect. Recent realization of freestanding TMO thin films allows further extension of this technique to novel two-dimensional heterostructures by mechanically stacking with van der Waals materials. Here, we demonstrate the presence of significant magnetic exchange interactions in a heterostructure of 8 nm freestanding LaMnO3 and monolayer WS2. The high magnetization in freestanding LaMnO3 leads to valley degeneracy breaking in WS2, resulting in unbalanced valley polarization in the photoluminescence (PL). Further temperature-dependent PL measurements reveal the same transition behavior as the magnetization in the freestanding LaMnO3 film. Our results unlock new approaches for tuning the magnetism and the valley degree of freedom in ultrathin two-dimensional heterostructures.
Visible-light communication using thermally evaporated CsPbBr3 perovskite thin films
Authors: Merdad Noor A. , Wang Yue , Alkhazragi Omar , Mohammed Zyad O. F. , Maity Partha , Gutiérrez-Arzaluz Luis , Yang Haoze , Naphade Rounak , Kang Chun Hong , Ng Tien Khee , Bakr Osman M. , Ooi Boon S. 
Published: May 2023

Lead halide perovskites are widely used in optoelectronic applications owing to their promising photophysical properties, but developing components of the order of nanoscale remains challenging. In this work, the authors fabricated cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) thin films of varying thicknesses and investigated their visible-light communication (VLC) performance. The thickness of the CsPbBr3 thin films was precisely controlled by using a single-beam thermal evaporation technique, and their morphology was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Thicker films were found to have a homogeneous surface, with gain boundaries of increasing size and fewer surface trap states than the thinner films. Furthermore, we identified the thickness-dependent photoluminescence (PL) property of the CsPbBr3 thin films based on steady-state PL measurements and verified it by using time-correlated single-photon counting as well as femtosecond upconversion measurements. Films with thicknesses of 5, 10, and 20 nm, with enhanced surface homogeneity and purity, were used in a VLC link as color-converting fluorescent components. The 20-nm-thick CsPbBr3 film delivered the best performance because it had the highest PL intensity and the most suitable morphology, with a –3-dB bandwidth of 30.7 MHz and a net data rate of 330 Mb/s. These results reflect a facile and well-controlled approach to fabricating such films that can be used for high-power, high-speed, and large-area transmission and detection of visible-light signals.
Mineralogical control on physically protected soil organic matter in a neotropical moist forest
Authors: Huber Molly E. , Yavitt Joseph B. , Wright S. Joseph 
Published: May 2023

Context Minerals and organic matter physically associate in many soils, yet the precise nature, either via a hierarchy of aggregate particles or by build-up of organo–mineral associations, remains obscure, especially in tropical forest environments. Aims We investigated physically protected organic matter by comparing soils with contrasting parent material, topography, and pedogenesis, but with similar tropical moist forest on Barro Colorado Island in the lowlands of Panama. Methods Bulk soil from 10 sites was separated by size into free-floating particles, macroaggregates (>250 μm), microaggregates (53–250 μm), and <53-μm particles. A subsample of macroaggregates was disintegrated and separated into coarse particles (>250 μm), occluded microaggregates, and occluded <53-μm particles. Concentrations and natural abundance of stable isotopes for carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) were determined for each fraction, and ratios (C:N, stable isotopes) were used to characterise organic matter for each fraction. Key results Macroaggregates were the largest fraction of bulk soil (71%) and were 15% greater in kaolinite- than smectite-dominated soils. Macroaggregates were composed of coarse particles (14%), occluded microaggregates (62%), and occluded <53-μm particles (24%). Concentrations of C and N widely varied among fractions but the variation was not related to clay mineralogy. The C:N ratio and stable N isotope ratio indicated more decomposed organic matter in kaolinite- than smectite-dominated soils. Conclusions and implications Macroaggregates composed of plant detritus and microaggregates in the Barro Colorado Island soils imply that the aggregate hierarchy route ultimately protects soil organic matter in this tropical forest environment.
Body size predicts the rate of contemporary morphological change in birds
Authors: Zimova Marketa , Weeks Brian C. , Willard David E. , Giery Sean T. , Jirinec Vitek , Burner Ryan C. , Winger Benjamin M. 
Published: May 2023

Variation in evolutionary rates among species is a defining characteristic of the tree of life and may be an important predictor of species’ capacities to adapt to rapid environmental change. It is broadly assumed that generation length is an important determinant of microevolutionary rates, and body size is often used as a proxy for generation length. However, body size has myriad biological correlates that could affect evolutionary rates independently from generation length. We leverage two large, independently collected datasets on recent morphological change in birds (52 migratory species breeding in North America and 77 South American resident species) to test how body size and generation length are related to the rates of contemporary morphological change. Both datasets show that birds have declined in body size and increased in wing length over the past 40 y. We found, in both systems, a consistent pattern wherein smaller species declined proportionally faster in body size and increased proportionally faster in wing length. By contrast, generation length explained less variation in evolutionary rates than did body size. Although the mechanisms warrant further investigation, our study demonstrates that body size is an important predictor of contemporary variation in morphological rates of change. Given the correlations between body size and a breadth of morphological, physiological, and ecological traits predicted to mediate phenotypic responses to environmental change, the relationship between body size and rates of phenotypic change should be considered when testing hypotheses about variation in adaptive responses to climate change.
Assessment of spatial acuity in typically developing children
Authors: Syeda Aisha , Nisha Kavassery Venkateswaran , Jain Chandni 
Published: May 2023

Objective:
Two main techniques to assess auditory spatial acuity include real-source localisation in the sound-field and virtual-source localisation under headphones. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of the two assessment paradigms (sound-field localisation and closed-field lateralisation) to measure the spatial abilities of normal-hearing school-aged children.

Methods:
Spatial acuity was assessed in twenty-seven normal-hearing children aged 7–13 years (Mage: 10.4; SD: 1.6) using two paradigms; 1) localisation test (a sound field paradigm) and 2) virtual auditory space identification test (VASI,a closed-field paradigm). The accuracy scores and error rates were calculated from confusion matrices for each participant in both paradigms.

Results:
The Wilcoxon sign rank test showed no statistically significant difference between the two tests in the error rates. However, there was a significant difference in the accuracy scores between the two paradigms for azimuths/locations: Right45°, Right135°, Left45°, and Left135°. Spearman correlation showed a mild to moderate positive correlation between all the measures of the two paradigms.

Conclusion:
The results show that VASI and sound-field localisation paradigms are comparable in assessing spatial acuity in children. A further experiment is warranted to establish its validity in the clinical population as a test for spatial acuity.
Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica L.) mulch effect on microclimate, weed management and yield of upland rice
Authors: Hayati P K D , Abidah P A , Juniarti  , Syarif A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
One of the problems of upland rice cultivation in dry land is the availability of water needed to maintain humidity and temperature around plant roots. Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica L.) mulch which has a long decomposed duration, can be an alternative to maintain the microclimate humidity and control weeds. This study aimed to obtain the best dose of cogon grass mulch on microclimate, weed management and upland rice yield on ameliorated ultisol soils. The research was carried out using a randomized complete block design with five doses of cogon grass mulch, i.e. 0, 10, 15, 20, and 25 tons/ha and three replications. Data were analyzed statistically by the F test at a 5% significance level and mean comparison using Tukey’s test. Results showed that applying cogon grass mulch could reduce temperature and increase the soil’s moisture. Biomass and species of weeds decreased with increasing doses of cogon grass mulch. Applied 10 tons/ha of cogon grass mulch effectively suppresses weed growth by 42.8%. Cogon grass mulch application did not affect upland rice growth variables, but 20 t/ha mulch significantly increased the yield by 21.7%.
Salinity stress mitigation on Zea mays L. seedling by halotolerant bacteria
Authors: Saryanah N A , Sulastri  , Himawati S , Bidara I S , Roswanjaya Y P , Asiani N , Sukmadi R B , Irawati A F C 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Halotolerant bacteria are reported as a potential biostimulant to mitigate saline stress on various crops. The mechanism of halotolerant bacteria in elevating plant growth under saline stress is associated with their plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits. This study evaluated the activity of single-strain halotolerant phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and its consortia with halotolerant bacteria that were able to fix nitrogen and produce ACC deaminase in alleviating salinity stress on Zea mays seedlings under in vitro conditions. One single strain and five consortia of bacterial isolates were tested for seedling growth assay under four salinity levels (0, 60, 80, and 100 mM). In vitro assay showed that halotolerant bacteria B1 (Vibrio alginolycticus) and all consortia significantly increased root number at 60 mM salinity level. Consortium B3 (V. alginolyticus+Salinicola zeshunii) was also able to improve the fresh weight of seedlings significantly (by 63.3%). Moreover, inoculation of consortium B3 affected more proline and soluble sugar accumulation in Z. mays seedlings when compared to uninoculated seedlings. We conclude that the application of a consortium of halotolerant bacteria V. alginolyticus+S. zeshunii was potentially used in improving Z. mays growth in slightly and moderately saline areas.
Potency of entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana fungus as biofertilizer and biostimulant to increase the plant growth of Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.)
Authors: Yusniwati  , Nurbailis  , Trizelia  , Saragih M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This research aimed to determine the Beauveria bassiana entomopathogen fungus as a biofertilizer and biostimulant. The research was conducted at the Biological Control laboratory and Wire House, Universitas Andalas. The potency of B. bassiana produced the IAA hormone was carried out by a This was qualitative research by observing a pink color change in the Salkowsky solution while the potency of B. bassiana to dissolve phosphate by using Pikovskaya medium. The test results on Pikovskaya media showed that all tested isolates had the potential to dissolve phosphate at 7, 10, and 14 days. The largest clear zone area was in the 14 days, found in Bb WS isolates (5.42 mm) followed by TD312 isolates (5.28mm). To test of plant growth in the laboratory was carried out by testing the germination of seeds by blotter test and test on paper. The design used was a non-factorial Completely Randomized. The results showed that the highest percentage of germination was found in TD312 and BbWS isolates. The potency of B. bassiana isolates as growth promoters can be seen from an increase in plant height and the number of chili leaves. All of the results indicated that entomopathogen fungus can be applied as biological fertilizers and biostimulants on cayenne pepper plants.
The effect of callus induction media for somatic embryo formation in Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg
Authors: Royani J I , Khairiyah H , Mira F R , Karyanti  , Watanabe N 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The method for micro-propagation of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) by somatic embryo has been conducted. The aim of the research will describe the effect of media used for callus induction on the somatic embryo formation of rubber plants. Embryonic callus had been induction in 3 media, i.e.; MH1, MH2, and MH3. After callus induction, all callus were induced in media for embryo somatic expression. Maturation of cotyledons was performed using liquid media with filter paper as a bridge to absorb the media. The results showed that the percentage of callus was induced differently for each media. MH3 media was the best media for callus induction with 62.5% of callus forms, but for embryonic callus, MH1 was the best media. Not all of the calluses could be expressed to become somatic embryos. Most calluses derived from MH1 media were the best callus for somatic embryos formed.
Characterization of Passiflora edulis accessions with sweet taste potential in Padang
Authors: Sutoyo  , Hayati P K D , Irawan M , Kuswandi  , Marta N 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A sweet fruit taste of passion fruit is produced by Passiflora ligularis, which adapts in around 1400 masl. Some P. edulis accessions which wide elevation adaptation was reported to have a sweet fruit taste. This study aimed to examine the morphological characteristics of progenies from red- and yellow-rind passion fruit and obtain an adaptive sweet passion fruit accession in low-elevation conditions. A total of 118 progenies of P. edulis classified as their parents’ rind color and fruit shape were germinated in October 2021 and transplanted to the field after two months in Padang city at 163 masl elevations. The characterization was conducted by observing all accessions which produced ripe fruits until September 2022. Results from 35 accessions showed variation in quantitative characters, while similar qualitative characters in stem, leaf, and flower among accessions, except tendril and stem color. The noticeable differences between the accessions are fruit characteristics. Round red-rind accessions have the heaviest fruit (102.05g). Yellow-rind passion fruit has a sweetness level of 19.5°brix, sweeter than oval red-rind (17.04°brix) and round red-rind (16°brix). Accession KK 42, ML 44 and MB 26 reveal high TSS, i.e. 20, 19 and 18°brix, respectively; however, no accession has a sweet taste fruit. A recessive allele may control the sweet taste character. Segregation of the genes that control carbohydrate metabolism into sugar in fruits and outcrosses occurring among accessions are responsible for the variation in fruit characteristics.
Effect of pruning and application of KNO3 + MKP fertilizer on the generative development of several varieties of grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Ekawati F , Suliansyah I , Erona S M , Palja E O , Ibrahim M R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Research on grape cultivation is still rarely carried out in Indonesia (Tropical Countries) unless it is carried out by Research Centers, which are indeed engaged in developing grapes. This study aims to examine the effect of pruning and application of white Potassium Nitrate (KNO3) and Mono Potassium Phosphate (MKP) on the development of the generative phase of several grape varieties. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely varieties (V1: Taldun, V2: Akademik, and V3: Jupiter), and several combinations of fertilizers (P1: KNO3 1 g/L + MKP 3 g/L, P2: KNO3 2 g/L + MKP 5 g/L, and P3: KNO3 3 g/L + MKP 7 g/L). Observations were made on post-pruning bud sprouting time, percentage of buds that produced flowers, percentage of flowers turning into fruit, fruit size (diameter), and total soluble solids (°brix). The data revealed that pruning treatment followed by fertilizer application of KNO3 3 g/L + MKP 7 g/L accelerated the generative phase and produced better fruit quality and quantity for the Jupiter variety.
Effect of planting media modification on growth and seed potential of two vanilla varieties
Authors: Melati  , Meilawati N LW , Arlianti T 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The discontinuous availability of good-quality seeds had become the main problem in vanilla development. One of the limiting factors is the retarded growth of tendrils, which are used as plant propagation materials. The growth of vanilla vines using recommended cultivation techniques only produces one internode/month. Therefore it is necessary to modify the cultivation techniques to accelerate vanilla seeds production. Modifying the seed propagation media is one of the possible adjustments. This research aims to analyze the effect of planting media modification on vanilla growth and seed potency. The study used a randomized block design of 2 factors with four replications. The first factor is variety, namely Vania 1 and Vania 2, while the second factor is the type of planting media, namely media 1 (compost: burnt husks: cow manure (1:1:1)), media 2 (soil: compost: burnt husks: cow manure (1:1:1:1) ), media 3 (recommended cultivation (soil: cow manure (1:1)). The parameters observed were plant growth (tendrils length, number of internodes, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width), cutting potential (seeds) and chlorophyll content. The results showed that the growth of Vania 1 was the same as that of Vania 2 and media composition without soil (media 1) resulted in the highest cutting potential compared to other media.