bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EDITORIAL
Authors: Basto Sáez Manuel Jesús 
Published: February 2023

La ciencia no pretende ser verdadera, ni, por tanto, final e incorregible, cierta, como en cambio, hace la mitología. Lo que afirma la ciencia es: Que es más verdadera que cualquier modelo no científico del mundo; la ciencia es capaz de probar, sometiéndola a contrastación empírica la pretensión de verdad. Es más, la ciencia es capaz de descubrir sus propias deficiencias, de construir representaciones parciales de las estructuras del mundo para que sean cada vez más adecuadas.
En esa perspectiva, el vocero del desarrollo científico, tecnológico y humanístico de la Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica Siglo XXI, en su trajinar académico, donde se viene divulgando los resultados del quehacer científico de los miembros de la comunidad universitaria, en la presente edición pone a consideración de la comunidad interesada en el saber científico, artículos relacionados con problemáticas afines a las ciencias empresarias y de ingeniería; tales como: “Efectos del Programa Reactiva en la Fuerza Laboral de MYPES en Regiones Pobres”; “Empoderamiento Económico en Mujeres del distrito de Paucará y Acobamba de la Región de Huancavelica” y “Correlaciones Fenotípicas y Medidas Biométricas en Ovinos de la Región de Huancavelica”. Artículos de transcendental importancia para los miembros de la comunidad científica, puesto que, son documentos resultado de procesos de investigación, originados por problemáticas palpitantes de la región, el país y el mundo.
Es así que, en nuestra revista Siglo XXI, los autores y coautores de los artículos científicos objetivizan sus ideas por medio de las proposiciones científicas y/o tecnológicas que pueden ser percibidos y entendidos por todo el que lo desee e interese; toda vez que la conversión del conocimiento personal en conocimiento científico va acompañada por la representación del primero con la ayuda de un conjunto de señales materiales convencionales que pertenecen a uno o más lenguajes propias de una determinada disciplina científica.
Gracias al diseño, implementación, concretización y evaluación de cada artículo científico, los lenguajes científicos contenidos en cada uno de ellos, se crean, modifican y difunden como parte de las teorías y procedimientos científicos; consiguientemente, su lectura, relectura, análisis y dilucidación de los mismos, no pueden realizarse independientemente del de las teorías y procedimientos inherentes a las disciplinas científicas a las cuales pertenecen los artículos propuestos en la presente edición de Siglo XXI.
Finalmente, reiteramos nuestra invitación a todos los interesados en difundir sus resultados de las investigaciones realizadas en cada uno de los espacios disciplinarios de la ciencia, la tecnología y las humanidades a remitir sus artículos científicos para ser publicados en nuestro vocero oficial de ciencia y tecnología de la Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica. Lo esperamos.
EL EDITOR.
Penerapan Enkripsi Dan Deskripsi Menggunakan Algoritma Data Encryption Standart Dengan Pemograman Matlab
Authors: Sinaga Jenni Hartati , Pangaribuan Maya , Fazly Fazly , Rivaldo Iqbal , Gunawan Indra 
Published: February 2023

Algoritma Data Encryption Standard (DES) adalah algoritma kriptografi yang termasuk dalam algoritma simetrik, dengan menggunakan kunci yang sama untuk enkripsi dan dekripsi. DES untuk enkripsi data menggunakan Graphical User Interface Matlab.Graphic User Interface (GUI) merupakan Matlab script file yang dibut untuk menunjukkan analisasuatu permasalahan.Matlab menyediakan toolnya dan dapat dilihat dengan mengetikkan ‘guide’ pada MATLAB command window. Algoritma DES dengan menggunakan software MATLAB mengefesienkan pengguna dalam melakukan proses enkripsi dan dekripsi data.
Formación integral en niños con NEE: Una revisión de la literatura de los últimos 5 años
Authors: Pazmiño Sáenz Rosa Elizabeth , Macías Veliz Chris Leída , Rodríguez Cantos Mercedes del Rosario 
Published: February 2023

La indagación permitió identificar los inconvenientes en la formación integral de niños con necesidades educativas especiales, en el cual, estos deben participar en actividades de desarrollo cognitivo, intelectual, motor y social, estas actividades deben ser diseñadas para promover la independencia y el desarrollo del potencial del niño siendo el objetivo de esta investigación se basa en analizar literaturas que aporten en la formación integral para niños con necesidades educativas especiales, considerando diversos artículos y estudios publicados, así como trabajos relacionados con el tema de investigación, diseño de la investigación, como las variables definidas y los instrumentos utilizados en el estudio, por su parte entre las estrategias metodológicas consta la investigación bibliográfica que obtuvo sus datos de Redalyc, Science Research, Scopus, Dialnet, Worldwidescience, Mendeley Data, entre los principales hallazgos están se analizaron varios artículos científicos en relación a la problemática de las necesidades educativas especiales, mismo que serán de gran importancia en nuestro estudios, en resumen, con respecto a números de publicaciones de los últimos 5 años si se evidencia material que contribuyen para el análisis de las NEE, y serán de mucha relevancia para el estudio en mención. Finalmente, se concluye que las Universidades en afiliación a Scopus, y autores han cooperado con estudios sobre las NEE en niños, y que dicha información es muy reciente para su selección, por lo que será significativo para el presente estudio.
Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions to corticosteroids – prevalence, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Mahlab-Guri Keren , Asher Ilan , Sthoeger Zev 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids, which are anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents used for the treatment of various diseases including allergic disorders, can induce immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Although these reactions are not common, due to the wide usage of corticosteroid medications, corticosteroid hypersensitivity reactions are clinically important.
OBJECTIVE: In this review, we summarise the prevalence, pathogenetic mechanism, clinical manifestations, risk factors, diagnostic and therapeutic approach for corticosteroid-induced hypersensitivity reactions.
METHODS: An integrative review of the literature was conducted using PubMed searches (mainly large cohort-based studies) regarding the different aspects of corticosteroid hypersensitivity.
RESULTS: Hypersensitivity reactions to corticosteroids can be immediate or delayed and can follow all modes of corticosteroid administration. Prick and intradermal skin tests are useful diagnostic tools for immediate hypersensitivity reactions, patch tests are useful for delayed hypersensitivity reactions. According to the diagnostic tests an alternative (safe) corticosteroid agent should be administered.
CONCLUSION: Physicians of all medical disciplines should be aware that corticosteroids can cause (“paradoxically”) immediate or delayed allergic hypersensitivity reactions. The diagnosis of such allergic reactions is challenging since it is often difficult to distinguish between hypersensitivity reactions and deterioration of the basic inflammatory disease (e.g., worsening of asthma or dermatitis). Thus, a high index of suspicion is needed in order to identify the culprit corticosteroid.
Interaction of Onshore and Offshore Rupee Markets
Authors: Raizada Gaurav , Rao SVD Nageswara 
Published: February 2023

The study investigates the trading in onshore and offshore Rupee Futures trading on exchanges focusing on the deviations from the equilibrium. Both onshore and offshore rates fundamentally represent the same economic asset and should have similar price dynamics; however, they deviate significantly. We model the interaction of the onshore-offshore rupee market using Continuous Futures Rupee Data. The differential in the prices of onshore and offshore Rupee Futures are analyzed with respect to the volatility and interest rates factoring in the capital and trading controls. An extended GARCH(1,1) with Relative Equity and Commodity Index along with VIX in the mean and conditional variance fit the differential of the onshore-offshore Rupee Futures. The understanding of the behavior of onshore-offshore markets is essential for Policymakers to adopt a successful exchange rate policy and traders and institutions to make informed decisions.
Health risk, stimulus packages, and subordinated bank yields: evidence from the COVID-19 outbreak.
Authors: Vasileiou Evangelos 
Published: February 2023

This note presents the impact of pandemic on bank subordinated bonds. Using weekly data for the period 10/1/2020-12/3/2021 of 14 US, UK, Spanish, Italian, German, and Canadian banks this note provides empirical evidence that the health risk due to the COVID-19 increases the bank yields, and the stimulus packages achieved the main objective which was to reduce the risk of the bond markets and the yields. The impact of pandemic could be measured by the searches of COVID-19 related terms on Google trends. Moreover, the empirical section shows that subordinated bond yields are influenced negatively by the performance of the stock price and positively by the government yields.
SEISMIC INHOMOGENEITIES IN THE UPPER CRUST OF THE ALDAN-STANOVOY SHIELD AND IN ITS TOTAL CRUST (PROFILE 3-DV)
Authors: Suvorov V. D. , Melnik E. A. , Pavlov E. V. 
Published: February 2023

In accordance with the detailed first-arrival data, the near-surface part of the Earth’s crust consists of three layers. The upper discontinuous layer is represented by the Mesocenozoic deposits in local basins. The two inhomogenous layers decrease in thickness towards the north from 1.5 km to total thinning in the Stanovoy block and from 4 km in the Chulman basin to 1 km in the Aldan. It is implied that the nature of thinning lies in weathering and disintegration of crystalline rocks. Their underlying boundary at a depth of 1–4 km with a longitudinal wave velocity of 6.0–6.2 km/s can be assigned to the unchanged Early Precambrian basement surface.The deep seismic sounding data show that the two-layer crust thickness of the Stanovoy block reaches 40 km, and the three-layer crust in the Aldan block is as thick as 50 km. These blocks are separated by the vertical zone beneath the Stanovoy ridge with contrast inhomogeneities in the crust and step-like increase in the Moho depth beneath the Chulman basin.There was discovered an isostatic imbalance of the lithosphere, correlated with seismicity of the Chulman basin.
A scoping review of the use of motivational interviewing in oral healthcare settings
Authors: Brennan Rebekah , O’Driscoll Robert 
Published: February 2023

##Statement of the problem Recently, attention has been given to the use of motivational interviewing (MI), a therapeutic approach that helps people to change, in the oral healthcare setting. MI can be used to evoke positive change in oral health practices using a patient-centred approach that supports dental practitioner-patient relationship building. This can include a broad focus on oral hygiene, nutrition and lifestyle behaviours, or can be specific to elements of oral healthcare such as periodontal treatment. However, the research literature on the efficacy of MI in this context is sparse. ##Purpose of the study The purpose of this study is to collate what is currently known on the use of MI in the oral healthcare setting. ##Materials and methods This comprehensive scoping review collated 50 published articles on this topic. Articles were scrutinised and analysed using thematic analysis. ##Results Findings indicate that there is a heterogeneous literature base on the use of MI in the oral healthcare setting of varying quality. However, evidence is building for positive outcomes where MI training has contributed to increased confidence, professionalism and relationship building in oral healthcare practitioners, and improved oral healthcare outcomes in patients across a range of oral health issues and oral healthcare prevention. Conclusion: Further research is recommended into what constitutes optimal MI training delivery to ensure best practice and outcomes for patients and professionals.
Avances de la vinculación del modelo STE(A)M en el sistema educativo Español, Estadounidense y Colombiano. Una revisión sistemática de literatura
Authors: Rojas Mesa Julio Ernesto , Martín Perico Juana Yadira , Garibello Suan Bernardo , García Murillo Paulo Germán , Franco Ortega Julio Alejandro , Manrique Torres Carolina 
Published: February 2023

La presente investigación busca establecer cuál ha sido la producción académica que ha tratado el tema de la implementación de los modelos STEM (Ciencia, Tecnología, Ingeniería y Matemáticas) y STEAM (Ciencia, Tecnología, Ingeniería, Artes y Matemáticas) en los sistemas educativos de Colombia, España y Estados Unidos, entre los años 2014 a 2021, para ello se recurre a una revisión sistémica de la literatura, teniendo en cuenta el proceso de búsqueda, descripción, evaluación y análisis de bibliografía relacionada con el modelo STE(A)M tanto en la implementación de actividades en el aula como sin la implementación de actividades y lo correspondiente a algunos estados del arte. Como resultado de esta revisión se evidencian cuestiones enriquecedoras en lo concerniente a estrategias educativas para el desarrollo del pensamiento computacional y la ingeniería, como también acerca de la fuerte influencia del pensamiento científico y matemático en el modelo STE(A)M y su reconfiguración para la inclusión o participación de las Artes, igualmente se ponen de manifiesto temas relacionados con los esfuerzos gubernamentales y de la sociedad en conjunto para fortalecer la accesibilidad y permanencia de jóvenes en programas STE(A)M, reconociendo la importancia de las categorías de Género y diversidad cultural. Lo anterior deriva en una discusión con respecto a aspectos que se han ido anexando al pilar fundamental de la educación STE(A)M como lo es la alfabetización científica, así como en la identificación de los planteamientos encontrados en la literatura acerca de la necesidad o pertinencia de la Ingeniería en la sociedad, la enseñanza de las ciencias y sus implicaciones en el desarrollo de las competencias STE(A)M, la comprensión de algunas perspectivas en las nuevas propuestas metodológicas, los modelos STE(A)M en Colombia, España y Estados Unidos, las necesidades relacionadas al aspecto inclusivo de Género, entre otras cuestiones que se desarrollan en los escenarios de la escuela
Effects of swimming before and during pregnancy on placental angiogenesis and perinatal outcome in high-fat diet-fed mice
Authors: Zhu Xiaofeng , Chen Weiwei , Wang Haitang 
Published: February 2023

Background
We explored the mechanism underlying exercise-mediated placental angiogenesis and perinatal outcome using mouse models.

Methods
Three-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into four experimental groups: standard-chow diet (SC), standard chow diet + exercise (SC-Ex), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet + exercise (HFD-Ex). After 13 weeks of exercise intervention, the male and female mice were caged. Approximately six to seven pregnant female mice from each experimental group were randomly selected for body composition, qRT-PCR, histological, and western blot analysis. The remaining mice were allowed to deliver naturally, and the perinatal outcome indexes were observed.

Rusults
The results showed that exercise intervention significantly improved the body composition and glucose tolerance in HFD-fed pregnant mice. The HFD group showed adipocyte infiltration, placental local hypoxia, and villous vascular thrombosis with a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the expression of VEGF and ANGPT1 proteins. Exercise intervention significantly elevated the expression of PPARγ, alleviated hypoxia and inflammation-related conditions, and inhibited angiogenesis. sFlt-1 mRNA in HFD group was significantly higher than that in SC group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the HFD significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the fertility rate in mice.

Conclusions
Thus, HFD aggravates placental inflammation and the hypoxic environment and downregulates the expression of PPARγ and PPARα in the placenta. However, exercise intervention can significantly alleviate these conditions.
Transcriptome analysis of transcription factors and enzymes involved in monoterpenoid biosynthesis in different chemotypes of Mentha haplocalyx Briq
Authors: An Xin , Wan Jingqiong , Jiang Hui , Liao Yangzhen , Liu Chang , Wei Yuan , Wen Chongwei , Ouyang Zhen 
Published: February 2023

Background
The main active ingredients of Mentha haplocalyx Briq. essential oils are monoterpenes. According to the component of essential oils, M. haplocalyx can be divided into different chemotypes. Chemotype variation is widespread in Mentha plants but its formation mechanism is unclear.

Methods
We selected the stable chemotype l-menthol, pulegone, and carvone of M. haplocalyx for transcriptome sequencing. To further investigate the variation of chemotypes, we analyzed the correlation between differential transcription factors (TFs) and key enzymes.

Results
Fourteen unigenes related to monoterpenoid biosynthesis were identified, among which (+)-pulegone reductase (PR) and (−)-menthol dehydrogenase (MD) were significantly upregulated in l-menthol chemotype and (−)-limonene 6-hydroxylase was significantly upregulated in carvone chemotype. In addition, 2,599 TFs from 66 families were identified from transcriptome data and the differential TFs included 113 TFs from 34 families. The families of bHLH, bZIP, AP2/ERF, MYB, and WRKY were highly correlated with the key enzymes PR, MD, and (−)-limonene 3-hydroxylase (L3OH) in different M. haplocalyx chemotypes (r > 0.85). The results indicate that these TFs regulate the variation of different chemotypes by regulating the expression patterns of PR, MD, and L3OH. The results of this study provide a basis for revealing the molecular mechanism of the formation of different chemotypes and offer strategies for effective breeding and metabolic engineering of different chemotypes in M. haplocalyx.
Eco-friendly Management of Fruit Fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) Infesting Bitter Gourd
Authors: Akter Mst. Munjuri , Zohora Fatema Tuz , Akter Most. Mahmuda , Farhana Fatima 
Published: February 2023

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate some Bio insecticide and management against fruit fly in bitter gourd.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out at a randomized complete block design with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh during the period from February,2022 to july,2022.
Methodology: The experiment consisted of seven treatments viz. T1(Lycomax 2g/lit of water+ Cutrac+ Yellow Sticky trap+ Sanitation), T2(Lycomax 2g/lit of water+ Ceranock+ Yellow Sticky trap+ Cultural control), T3 (Biomax M 1.2 EC+ Cuelure+ Yellow Sticky trap), T4 (Lycomax 2g/ lit of water+ Yellow Sticky trap), T5 (Biomax M 1.2 EC + Ceronock+ Cutrac), T6 Sanitation+ Cultural control+ Cuelure), T7 (Untreated Control) were used at 7 days interval.
Results: The degree of the fruit fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) infestation at various phases of bitter gourd ripening was investigated in the field and in the lab, as well as the effectiveness of some bio-pesticides and other control methods used in combination. Among all treatments the highest number of fruit fly was captured in Lycomax 2g/lit of water+ Ceranock+ Yellow Sticky trap+ Cultural control treated plot.Healthy fruit per plant (9.50 fruit/plot) also found from T2 treated plot. whereas the maximum amount of infested fruit number (12.21 fruit/plot), number of punctures per fruit (6.74 puncture/fruit) and infested fruit weight (77.13gm) was found from the control plot. The highest percentage reduction of puncture number over control resulted in treatment T2 treated plot which was 92.58% which is near to treatment T4 (85.16%) and also highest amount of healthy fruit weight (232.75 gm) came from T2. In terms of maximum yield (2.54 kg/ plot) gained from Lycomax 2g/lit of water+ Ceranock+ Yellow Sticky trap+ Cultural control treated plot (T2). From the study it was found that all the treatments except control (T7) work effectively against fruit fly infestation.
Conclusion: It is concluded that T2 treatment (Lycomax 2g/lit of water+ Ceranock+ Yellow Sticky trap+ Cultural control) was the best one among the all trerments.
The Effect of Industrial Waste Effluent on Waterquality: A Case Study of Otamiri River, Owerri, Imo State
Authors: Mmonwuba N. C. , Mmaduabuchi Anaduaka , Azubuike Ohamadike , Nzube Theophilus Nweke , Chukwuemelie Chioke 
Published: February 2023

The study assessed the impact of effluent discharges on the quality of Otamiri River in Imo state, Nigeria. Six water samples were collected at discharge points where the industries discharge their effluents and abattoir. Samples that were collected upstream and downstream were analyzed in the field and in the lab using standard procedures. The source of pollution is attributable to industrial and abattoir activities whose effluent discharges impact the quality of Otamiri River. Therefore, without any treatments, the River cannot be used for any residential purposes in its current condition. It is advised that the river be periodically monitored and that cost-effective manufacturing technology, such as on-site waste separation and reduction, effluent recycling techniques, be introduced.
Programmed Escherichia coli Cell Lysis by Expression of Cloned T4 Phage Lysis Genes
Authors: Morita Masatomo , Asami Kazuhiro , Tanji Yasunori , Unno Hajime 
Published: July 2002

AbstractSelf‐disruptive Escherichia coli that produces foreign target protein was developed. E. coli was co‐transformed with two vector plasmids, a target gene expression vector and a lysis gene expression vector. The lytic protein was produced after the expression of the target gene, resulting in simplification of the cell disruption process. In this study, the expression of cloned T4 phage gene e or t was used for the disruption of E. coli that produced β‐glucuronidase (GUS) as a model target protein. The expression of gene e did not lead to prompt cell disruption but weakened the cell wall. Resuspension with deionized water facilitated cell lysis, and GUS activity was observed in the resuspended liquid. Expression of gene e at mid logarithmic growth phase was the optimal induction period for GUS production and release. On the other hand, the expression of gene t induced immediate cell lysis, and intracellular GUS was released to the culture medium. Maximum GUS production was obtained when gene t was induced at late logarithmic growth phase.
Mist Deposition onto Hairy Root Cultures: Aerosol Modeling and Experiments
Authors: Wyslouzil Barbara E. , Whipple Michelle , Chatterjee Chinmay , Walcerz Douglas B. , Weathers Pamela J. , Hart Douglas P. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractWe analyzed the applicability of the standard models for aerosol deposition in randomly packed fibrous filter beds to mist deposition across a bed of hairy roots in the nutrient mist bioreactor. Although the assumptions inherent in the models are met on a local level, the overall structure of the root bed introduces some uncertainty into the correct choice of root packing fraction and gas velocity required by the model. For reasonable parameter values, the minimum in the deposition efficiency curves is close to the peak in the mist number and mass distributions, and good penetration of the root bed is possible. We then measured the deposition of mist across a packed bed of Artemisia annua transformed roots as a function of droplet size, bed length, and gas flow rate at a root packing fraction α = 0.5. We compared the experimental measurements with the predictions of the aerosol deposition model and found good agreement between the measured and predicted values for the diameter where the deposition efficiency across the bed is 50%, D0.5. Agreement between the model and the experiments broke down when the flow rate was increased to the point where the creeping flow assumptions were no longer valid.