bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra-processed foods in a rural Ecuadorian community: associations with child anthropometry and bone maturation
Authors: Gyimah Emmanuel A. , Nicholas Jennifer L. , Waters William F. , Gallegos-Riofrío Carlos Andres , Chapnick Melissa , Blackmore Ivy , Douglas Katherine E. , Iannotti Lora L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFrequent ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is consistently associated with poor health outcomes. Little is known about UPF intake during early childhood and its effects on growth. We assessed UPF in relation to child anthropometry, bone maturation, and their nutrition profiles in a rural Ecuadorian community. Covariate-adjusted regression models estimated relationships between UPF intake from a 24-hour Food Frequency Questionnaire and three outcomes: linear growth, weight status and bone maturation. Nutrient Profiling Models (NPM) evaluated a convenience sample of UPF (n 28) consumed by children in the community. In this cohort (n 125; mean age = 33·92 (sd 1·75) months), 92·8 % consumed some form of UPF the previous day. On average, children consuming UPF four to twelve times per day (highest tertile) had lower height-for-age z-scores than those with none or a single instance of UPF intake (lowest tertile) (β = –0·43 [se 0·18]; P = 0·02). Adjusted stunting odds were significantly higher in the highest tertile relative to the lowest tertile (OR: 3·07, 95 % CI 1·11, 9·09). Children in the highest tertile had significantly higher bone age z-scores (BAZ) on average compared with the lowest tertile (β = 0·58 [se 0·25]; P = 0·03). Intake of savoury UPF was negatively associated with weight-for-height z-scores (β = –0·30 [se 0·14]; P = 0·04) but positively associated with BAZ (β = 0·77 [se 0·23]; P < 0·001). NPM indicated the availability of unhealthy UPF to children, with excessive amounts of saturated fats, free sugars and sodium. Findings suggest that frequent UPF intake during early childhood may be linked to stunted growth (after controlling for bone age and additional covariates), despite paradoxical associations with bone maturation.
AUTOPSY AND DIDACTIC AUTHORITY: RETHINKING THE PROLOGUE OF THE PERIODOS TO NICOMEDES
Authors: Hanigan Daniel R. , Kynaston Grant R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAll modern critics have read verses 128–36 of Pseudo-Scymnus’ iambic Periodos to Nicomedes (c.133–110/109 b.c.e.) as a description of the personal autopsies of the author. However, close analysis of both the literary dynamics of the poem and the syntax of the lacunose text that precedes this passage shows that this cannot be the case. This article proposes that Timaeus of Tauromenium (c.350–260 b.c.e.) is a superior candidate for the referent of these lines, and offers a coherent approach to emending the manifestly corrupt text. This reinterpretation makes better sense of the extant text of the Periodos, and allows these verses to be read as a second-century witness to Timaeus’ autoptic prowess.
Some characterizations of expanding and steady Ricci solitons
Authors: Santos Márcio S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this short note, we deal with complete noncompact expanding and steady Ricci solitons of dimension
$n\geq 3.$
More precisely, under an integrability assumption, we obtain a characterization for the generalized cigar Ricci soliton and the Gaussian Ricci soliton.
On the concept of leadership and the office of Leader of the Zoroastrians (hu-dēnān pēšōbāy) in Abbasid Zoroastrianism
Authors: Rezania Kianoosh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLike many other religions, Zoroastrianism frequently restructured its priestly organization during its long history, largely because of the environmental changes to which it was exposed. A major shift in status – from being the state religion in the Sasanian Empire to holding only a minor position in the early Islamic period – challenged the Zoroastrian hierarchy of authority. The Abbasid state provided Zoroastrianism with an opportunity to initiate a new office, which was calledhu-dēnān pēšōbāy“Leader of the Zoroastrians”. This article is the first to deal with this office in detail and scrutinizes the concept of leadership (pēšōbāyīh) in Sasanian and Abbasid Zoroastrianism. It sheds some light on the priestly structure of Zoroastrianism in this period and investigates the position of the office within the overall religious organization. It re-examines, moreover, evidence for the officiating Zoroastrian theologians in this office at the Abbasid court in Baghdad. Finally, it searches for the parallels between this office and that of the East-Syrian catholicos and the Jewish exilarch.
Examining linguistic and experimenter biases through “non-native” versus “native” speech
Authors: Weissler Rachel Elizabeth , Drake Shiloh , Kampf Ksenia , Diantoro Carissa , Foster Kurtis , Kirkpatrick Audrey , Preligera Isabel , Wesson Orion , Wood Anna , Baese-Berk Melissa M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere is a consensus in psycholinguistic research that listening to unfamiliar speech constitutes a challenging listening situation. In this commentary, we explore the problems with the construct ofnon-nativeand ask whether using this construct in research is useful, specifically to shift the communicative burden from the language learner to the perceiver, who often occupies a position of power. We examine what factors affect perception of non-native talkers. We frame this question by addressing the observation that not all “difficult” listening conditions provide equal challenges. Given this, we ask how cognitive and social factors impact perception of unfamiliar accents and ask what our psycholinguistic measurements are capturing. We close by making recommendations for future work. We propose that the issue is less with the terminology ofnativeversusnon-native, but rather how our unexamined biases affect the methodological assumptions that we make. We propose that we can use the existing dichotomy to create research programs that focus on teaching perceivers to better understand talkers more generally. Finally, we call on perceivers and researchers alike to question the idea of speech being “native,” “non-native,” “unfamiliar,” and “accented” to better align with reality as opposed to our inherently biased views.
Shaping rhythm: timing and sound in five groove-based genres
Authors: Danielsen Anne , Johansson Mats , Brøvig Ragnhild , Sandvik Bjørnar , Bøhler Kjetil Klette 
Published: March 2023

AbstractShaping events at the microlevel of rhythm is an important aspect of many groove-based musics. In the present study, we explore the interconnectedness of musical parameters such as timing, attack shape, timbre and relative intensity in creating groove through investigating musicians and producers’ discourse in five genres (jazz, samba, electronic dance music, hip-hop and traditional Scandinavian fiddle music). Through semi-structured interviews, we found both genre-specific accounts of how such musical features interact at the microlevel of rhythm and a cross-generic focus on inducing movement by shaping sound and generating rhythmic friction. The study empirically substantiates the multiparameter nature of musical performance and experience, and that particular genre-typical configurations of temporal and sonic features are needed to create the experience of groove. It thereby adds to the scholarly discourse on groove, which has often taken a more general and time-oriented view of rhythm.
Serum-soluble suppression of tumourigenicity-2 as a biomarker in children with congestive heart failure
Authors: Amer Eslam , El Amrousy Doaa , Hazaa Sahar , Zoair Amr 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground:We aimed to evaluate serum soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 in children with congestive heart failure, to assess the diagnostic and prognostic values of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 in these patients, and to correlate its levels with various clinical and echocardiographic data.Methods:We included 60 children with congestive heart failure as the patient group. Sixty healthy children of matched age and sex served as the control group. Patients were evaluated clinically and by echocardiography. Serum level of suppression of tumorigenicity-2 was measured for patients at admission. All patients were followed up for death or readmission for a period of one year.Results:Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 was significantly higher in children with congestive heart failure as compared to the control group. Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 was significantly increased in patients with higher severity of congestive heart failure. There was a significant increase in soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 in patients with bad prognosis compared to those with good prognosis. There was a significant positive correlation between soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 and respiratory rate, heart rate, and clinical stage of congenital heart failure, while there was a significant negative correlation between soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 and left ventricular systolic and diastolic function. The best cut-off of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 to diagnose congestive heart failure was > 3.6 with 87% sensitivity and 79% specificity. The cut-off point of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 to diagnose congestive heart failure in children was ≥ 31.56 ng/ml, with 95% sensitivity and 91.37% specificity. Moreover, the cut-off point of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 to predict bad prognosis in children with congestive heart failure was ≥ 255.5 ng/ml, with 92% sensitivity and 89.0% specificity.Conclusion:Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 is a good diagnostic and predictive biomarker in children with congestive heart failure.
Efficacy of Fascia Iliaca Compartment Blocks in Proximal Femoral Fractures in the Prehospital Setting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Slade Sabrina , Hanna Evan , Pohlkamp-Hartt Josh , Savage David W. , Ohle Robert 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroduction:Proximal femoral fractures are characterized as one of the most common and most painful injuries sustained by patients of all ages and are associated with high rates of oligoanalgesia in the prehospital setting. Current treatments include oral and parenteral opiates and sedative agents, however regional anesthesia techniques for pain relief may provide superior analgesia with lower risk of side effects during patient transportation. The fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) is an inexpensive treatment which is performed with minimal additional equipment, ultimately making it suitable in prehospital settings.Problem:In adult patients sustaining proximal femoral fractures in the prehospital setting, what is the effect of the FICB on non-verbal pain scores (NVPS), patient satisfaction, success rate, and adverse events compared to traditional analgesic techniques?Methods:A librarian-assisted literature search was conducted of the Cochrane Database, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science indexes. Additionally, reference lists for potential review articles from the British Journal of Anesthesia, the College of Anesthetists of Ireland, the Journal of Prehospital Emergency Care, Annales Francaises d’Anesthesie et Réanimation, and the Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation, and Emergency Medicine were reviewed. Databases and journals were searched during the period from January 1, 1980 through July 1, 2022. Each study was scrutinized for quality and validity and was assigned a level of evidence as per Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine guidelines.Results:Five studies involving 340 patients were included (ie, two randomized control trials [RCTs], two observational studies, and one prospective observational study). Pain scores decreased after prehospital FICB across all included studies by a mean of 6.65 points (5.25 - 7.5) on the NVPS. Out of the total 257 FICBs conducted, there was a success rate of 230 (89.3%). Of these, only two serious adverse events were recorded, both of which related to local analgesia toxicity. Neither resulted in long-term sequelae and only one required treatment.Conclusion:Use of FICBs results in a significant decrease in NVPS in the prehospital setting, and they are ultimately suitable as regional analgesic techniques for proximal femur fractures. It carries a low risk of adverse events and may be performed by health care practitioners of various backgrounds with suitable training. The results suggest that FICBs are more effective for pain management than parenteral or oral opiates and sedative agents alone and can be used as an appropriate adjunct to pain management.
Effectiveness and long-term stability of outpatient cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for children and adolescents with anxiety and depressive disorders under routine care conditions
Authors: Walter Daniel , Behrendt Ulrike , Matthias Eva Katharina , Hellmich Martin , Dachs Lydia , Goletz Hildegard , Goertz-Dorten Anja , Perri Daniela , Rademacher Christiane , Schuermann Stephanie , Woitecki Katrin , Wolff Metternich-Kaizman Tanja , Doepfner Manfred 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground:Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have provided considerable evidence for the short-term efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in children and adolescents with depressive and anxiety disorders. However, the effectiveness and long-term stability of treatment effects under routine care conditions remain unproven.Aims:This observational study investigates the effectiveness and stability of CBT under routine care conditions within a large sample of clinically referred youth with depressive and anxiety disorders.Method:Two hundred and twenty former patients (age 6–18 years at start of treatment) underwent a follow-up assessment (follow-up interval: M=5.3 years, SD=2.47). Parent and self-ratings of behavioural and emotional problems were obtained at the beginning and end of treatment and at follow-up. Additionally, at follow-up, a telephone interview and questionnaires exploring other mental symptoms and life satisfaction were administered.Results:A repeated measures ANOVA yielded statistically significant, medium to large pre– post symptom reductions (ηp2=.15 to ηp²=.47) and small to medium post-follow-up symptom reductions (ηp²=.03 to ηp²=.19). At follow-up, between 57 and 70% of the sample reported a decrease in different emotional symptoms since the end of treatment, and 80% reported improved life satisfaction.Conclusions:These findings provide evidence for the effectiveness and stability of treatment effects of CBT in youth with depressive and anxiety disorders under routine care conditions. Due to the lack of a direct control condition and a substantial proportion of missing data, the results must be interpreted with caution.
Prevalence and socio-economic determinates of food insecurity in Veterans: findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Robbins Ronna , Porter Starr Kathryn N , Addison Odessa , Parker Elizabeth A , Wherry Sarah J , Ikpe Sunday , Serra Monica C 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjective:To determine predictors of the association between being a Veteran and adult food security, as well as to examine the relation of potential covariates to this relationship.Design:Data collected during 2011–2012, 2013–2014 and 2015–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were pooled for analyses. Veterans (self-reported) were matched to non-Veterans on age, race/ethnicity, sex and education. Adjusted logistic regression was used to determine the odds of Veterans having high food security v. the combination of marginal, low and very low food security compared with non-Veterans.Setting:2011–2012, 2013–2014 and 2015–2016 NHANES.Participants:1227 Veterans; 2432 non-Veterans.Results:Veteran status had no effect on the proportion of food insecurities between Veterans and non-Veterans reporting high (Veterans v. non-Veteran: 79 % v. 80 %), marginal (9 % v. 8 %), low (5 % v. 6 %) and very low (8 % v. 6 %) food security (P = 0·11). However, after controlling for covariates, Veterans tended to be less likely to have high food security (OR: 0·82 (95 % CI 0·66, 1·02), P = 0·07). Further, non-Hispanic White Veterans (OR: 0·72 (95 % CI 0·55, 0·95), P = 0·02) and Veterans completing some college (OR: 0·71 (95 % CI 0·50, 0·99), P < 0·05) were significantly less likely to experience high food security compared with non-Veterans.Conclusion:This study supports previous research findings that after controlling for covariates, Veterans tend to be less likely to have high food security. It also highlights ethnicity and level of education as important socio-economic determinates of food security status in Veterans.
A symmetric bar chart-shape microwave sensor with high Q-factor for permittivity determination of fluidics
Authors: Navaei Moein , Rezaei Pejman , Kiani Sina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a symmetric bar chart-shape (SBCS) microwave sensor for measuring permittivity of fluidic samples. For designing purposes, the introduced sensor was used based on the field changes between the SBCS and rectangular loop microstrip (RLM) structure. When a sample is placed on the sensing location, interaction between SBCS and RLM varies the field intensity. The vinegar samples were combined with water and then they are placed on the sensor. The change in field intensity changes the resonance frequency. However, there is a relationship between the permittivity of samples and the resonance frequencies. The proposed sensor is implemented on the substrate of RO4003C. The relative permittivity of samples changed from 59 to 77 and the resonance frequencies changed from 2.3 to 1.4 GHz. The quality factor is 3544 and the sensitivity is 2.2%.
Global environmental and social spillover effects of EU's food trade
Authors: Malik Arunima , Lafortune Guillaume , Dahir Salma , Wendling Zachary A. , Kroll Christian , Carter Sarah , Li Mengyu , Lenzen Manfred 
Published: March 2023

Non-technical summary
Globalisation has narrowed the gap between producers and consumers. Nations are increasingly relying on commodities produced outside of their borders for satisfying their consumption. This is particularly the case for the European Union (EU). This study assesses spillover effects, i.e. impacts taking place outside of the EU borders, resulting from the EU's demand for food products, in terms of environmental and social indicators.

Technical summary
Human demand for agri-food products contributes to environmental degradation in the form of land-use impacts and emissions into the atmosphere. Development and implementation of suitable policy instruments to mitigate these impacts requires robust and timely statistics at sectoral, regional and global levels. In this study, we aim to assess the environmental and social impacts embodied in European Union's (EU's) demand for agri-food products. To this end, we select a range of indicators: emissions (carbon dioxide, particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, nitrous oxide), land use, employment and income. We trace these environmental and social impacts across EU's trading partners to identify specific sectors and regions as hotspots of international spillovers embodied in EU's food supply chains and find that these hotspots are wide-ranging in all continents. EU's food demand is responsible for 5% of the EU's total CO2 consumption-based footprint, 9% of the total NOX footprint, 16% of the total PM footprint, 6% of the total SO2 footprint, 46% of the total land-use footprint, 13% of the total employment footprint and 5% of the total income footprint. Our results serve to inform future reforms in the EU for aligning policies and strategies with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the objectives of the Paris Climate Agreement.

Social media summary
Significant environmental and social spillover effects embodied in the EU's food supply chains.
Pro197 and Trp574 substitutions in the acetolactate synthase of corn marigold (Glebionis segetum) and their impact on competitive ability against barley
Authors: Papapanagiotou Aristeidis P. , Spanos Theodore , Zarrougui Nour E. , Livieratos Ioannis C. , Eleftherohorinos Ilias G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThree suspected resistant (R1, R2, and R3) corn marigold populations collected from winter cereal fields located in central Greece were studied to confirm and elucidate the mechanisms of resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors and their competitive ability against barley. Whole-plant dose–response assays proved that the three suspected R populations were highly cross-resistant to the ALS inhibitors tribenuron, pyroxsulam + florasulam, and imazamox, whereas their control with synthetic auxin plus ALS inhibitors co-formulated mixtures was increased in the order of tritosulfuron + dicamba < florasulam + clopyralid < tribenuron + mecoprop-P < florasulam + aminopyralid. The ALS gene sequence revealed a point mutation in 11 plants of the R1, R2, and R3 populations, which resulted in the substitution of Pro-197-Thr or Trp-574-Leu. By contrast, all three sequenced plants of the susceptible (S) population were found with the wild-type allele encoding Pro-197 and Trp-574. This is the first report of ALS-inhibitor resistance in corn marigold. The competition study between barley and four densities of the S, R2, or R3 populations indicated similar biomass rates for all three populations, suggesting lack of association between the competitive ability of the R populations and the target-site resistance mechanism, which was also confirmed by the similar biomass reduction rates of barley grown in competition with S or R populations.
Enhanced Ecosystem Water‐Use Efficiency Under the More Diffuse Radiation Conditions
Authors: Wang Bin , Yue Xu , Zhou Hao , Lu Xiaofei , Zhu Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDiffuse and direct radiation can affect ecosystem gross primary production (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) differently, leading to their confounding impacts on ecosystem water‐use efficiency (WUE). Currently, how these two types of radiation affect ecosystem WUE through their different impacts on GPP and ET are still not fully understood. Here, we explored how diffuse and direct radiation affects ecosystem WUE at 133 FLUXENT sites taking advantage of a newly derived diffuse radiation fraction (Kd) data set. We found that increases in Kd consistently improved WUE for all vegetation types, but the process varied with Kd levels: when Kd ≤ 0.45, the improved WUE attributed to the greater increase in GPP than ET; when Kd in 0.45–0.51, the increase in GPP and decrease in ET jointly improved WUE; when Kd ≥ 0.51, the deeper decline in ET than GPP led to a continuously increasing WUE. Furthermore, by dividing radiation during growing seasons into diffuse (Kd ≥ 0.75) and direct (Kd ≤ 0.25) dominated conditions, the average GPP, ET, and WUE under diffuse conditions were respectively 1.18 ± 0.16, 1.10 ± 0.19, and 1.10 ± 0.21 times higher (P < 0.001) than those under direct conditions for 133 sites. By using a random forest method, we further found that diffuse radiation dominated the variations of GPP, while direct radiation was the most important factor for ET. We suggest that future research on the ecosystem carbon‐water relationship should distinguish the different roles of diffuse and direct radiation on carbon and water fluxes, especially under high scattering conditions with severe aerosol pollution and cloudy skies.