bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Evaluation of Flexural Strength, Modulus of Elasticity, and Microleakage of Three Different Glass Ionomer Restorative Materials in Class V Preparations – An In vitro Study
Authors: Baskar Hari , Hari Abirami , Anirudhan Subha 
Published: August 2023

Aims:
Flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and microleakage evaluation of three glass ionomer restorative materials in class V preparations.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty bar-shaped specimens each of Type-II glass-ionomer cement (GIC), Zirconomer and Type-IX GIC were prepared by inserting freshly mixed cements into 25 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm polyvinylacetate moulds followed by storage in artificial saliva for 24 h at 37°C. Samples were then rinsed, polished, and tested in autograph universal testing machine for flexural strength and modulus of elasticity using three-point bending test. Standardized Class V cavities in 60 extracted human premolars of dimensions 3 mm × 2 mm × 1.5 mm were prepared, divided at random into three groups of twenty each and restorations were done using Type-IX GIC, Type-II GIC, and Zirconomer. Teeth were immersed in 1%wt Rhodamine-B dye after thermocycling for 24 h, split bucco-lingually in longitudinal section and evaluated for microleakage under a stereomicroscope.

Results:
Flexural strength evaluation showed that Zirconomer had the highest and Type-II GIC had the lowest flexural strengths that was statistically significant (P < 0.05; analysis of variance [ANOVA]-Tukey Honestly Significant Difference [HSD]). Analysis of modulus of elasticity revealed that Type-IX GIC had the highest and Type-II GIC had the lowest modulus and the difference was significant statistically (P < 0.05; ANOVA-Tukey HSD). Occlusal microleakage was the highest in samples restored with Zirconomer (50% of the teeth), whereas samples restored with Type IX GIC showed no microleakage. At the gingival margins, 60% of both Type-IX GIC and Zirconomer restored samples exhibited no microleakage and 55% of Type-II GIC restored samples showed no microleakage.

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of this study, Type IX GIC exhibited good flexural strength, low modulus of elasticity, and least microleakage followed by Type II GIC and Zirconomer.
Exploring the Interplay: Kinesiophobia Prevalence and its Relationship with Cognitive Impairment following Upper Limb Fractures
Authors: Khisty Abha Shirish , Saini Seema , Jadhav Kush , Palekar Tushar J. 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Pain-related fear is more disabling than pain itself. Assessment of kinesiophobia should be practiced as a regular basis for any traumatic painful conditions. As upper limb fractures are most prevalent among all the other types of fractures, this study aims to assess the prevalence of kinesiophobia in posttraumatic upper limb conditions and its correlation with cognitive status.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of kinesiophobia in upper limb traumatic fractures and observe its correlation with cognitive status.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional study was conducted at tertiary care hospital, and data were obtained from the orthopedics department of the hospital.

Subjects and Methods:
Three hundred (n = 300) patients with upper limb fractures were screened for kinesiophobia and cognitive impairment. Kinesiophobia was assessed using Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia and cognition was assessed using Mini–Mental State Examination Scale.

Statistical Analysis:
Descriptive statistics were applied and frequency distribution in percentages to see the prevalence of kinesiophobia in upper limb fractures. Karl’s Pearson’s coefficient correlation test was applied to evaluate the correlation between cognitive status.

Results:
There is an inverse negative correlation between cognitive status and kinesiophobia (r = 0.06, P = 0.002). There was 58% of overall prevalence in upper limb fractures but the highest was observed in fractures of the shoulder complex which was 32%.

Conclusions:
The overall prevalence of kinesiophobia in upper limb fractures was high, however, it was highest in fractures of the shoulder complex with compound fractures. This study also concludes that reduced cognitive status leads to increased kinesiophobia.
Spatiotemporal Parameters of Gait in terms of Symmetry in Asymptomatic Individuals
Authors: Bhandarkar Aditi Chandrakant , Ravindra Savita , Visweswara Ramesh Debur 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Human gait, or the way people walk, is a complicated motor activity involving coordinated movements of different parts of the body. It is crucial in everyday activities and is influenced by a variety of factors such as age, health status, and musculoskeletal and neurological disorders. Understanding the many characteristics of gait, especially symmetry and asymmetry, is critical for getting insights into normal locomotion patterns and recognising potential deviations associated with certain conditions.

Aims:
The current study aims to understand the different aspects of gait such as symmetry and asymmetry of gait to develop a deeper understanding of the underpinnings of human gait.

Settings and Design:
Convenience sampling was used. This was a cross-sectional observational study.

Subjects and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done on 72 healthy adults between the age group of 20 and 80 according to the criteria. Convenience sampling was used. Subjects were divided into six groups having 12 subjects in each group. Gait analysis was done using GAITRite. Subjects were asked to walk three times on the walkway at their preferred speed. Since all the variables are continuous, all the data have been processed in terms of the mean.

Statistical Analysis:
The Statistical Software, namely Jamovi 0.9.5.12 (jamovi.org), was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
It was observed that step time and cycle time can be considered parameters representing symmetry and parameters such as step length, stride length, H-H base of support, swing (% of gait cycle) stance (% of gait cycle), single support (% of gait cycle), and double support (% of gait cycle) represent gait asymmetry.

Conclusions:
This study establishes the asymmetric parameters of gait across the age span the minimum detectable difference in all the parameters were calculated.
Comparison of Two Thoracic Kinesio-Taping Techniques on Pulmonary Function, Oxygen Saturation, and Exercise Capacity in COPD Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ganesh B. R. , Praneetha N. , Naik Varun 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), though a disease of the lung, the extrapulmonary manifestations contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality.

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate and compare the effects of two different thoracic kinesio taping techniques on pulmonary function, oxygen saturation, and exercise capacity in patients with COPD.

Settings and Design:
A randomized clinical trial was conducted across tertiary health-care hospitals in Belagavi, Karnataka.

Subjects and Methods:
A total of 42 participants aged 30–65 years (51.58 ± 10.21 years) participated in the study. All participants underwent baseline evaluations for pulmonary function, oxygen saturation, and exercise capacity, following which they were randomly allocated to one of the two intervention groups. Both groups, Group A (diaphragmatic taping) and Group B (intercostal muscle taping), were given intervention for 15 days, with the applied tape changed on every 3rd day. Postintervention evaluation was performed on the 15th day.

Statistical Analysis:
Mann–Whitney test was used for between-group comparison, and the Wilcoxon test was used for within-group comparison.

Results:
A significant improvement was noted in all parameters in Group A except forced expiratory volume in 6 s (FEV6) (P = 0.47) and FEV1/FEV6 (P = 0.301) ratio when compared with preintervention values. In Group B, all the parameters showed a significant improvement compared to preintervention values. The between-group comparison showed that only FEV1/FEV6 (P = 0.018) ratio showed a significant improvement.

Conclusion:
There is no significant difference between diaphragmatic taping and intercostal muscle taping technique. It was noted that both the techniques were equally effective in improving pulmonary function, oxygen saturation, and exercise capacity in COPD patients. Hence, thoracic kinesio taping, in addition to conventional physiotherapy treatment, can help in achieving better patient outcomes.
Effect of Music Therapy versus Aromatherapy with Aerobic Exercise on Stage 2 Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Metgud Santosh , Mahadevan Divya , D’Souza Venicia , Dourado Elly 
Published: August 2023

Context:
High blood pressure (BP) is a worldwide public health problem that is becoming more common by the day. Music therapy and aromatherapy are two novel complementary therapies, that when used in conjunction with aerobic exercise, can help lower BP. The outcome is measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS).

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of music therapy versus aromatherapy in combination with aerobic exercise in stage 2 hypertensive patients.

Settings and Design:
The present randomized controlled trial was conducted in Tertiary Care Centre, Belagavi.

Subjects and Methods:
A total of 78 people with stage 2 hypertension were included in the study. For 2 weeks, the patients were randomly assigned to receive either music therapy or aromatherapy in combination with aerobic exercise or merely aerobic exercise. The PSS was given to the participants before and after the intervention, and their BP was monitored with a mercury sphygmomanometer before and after the intervention.

Statistical Analysis:
Various statistical measures such as test of significance, SD, and mean were used to analyze the data.

Results:
The results were statistically significant (P = 0.0001). The percentage of change seen in systolic BP (SBP) scores in Group A was 1.60, Group B was 3.44, and Group C was 1.57. The percentage of change seen in the diastolic BP (DBP) scores in Group A was 1.17, Group B was 2.81, and Group C was 1.48. The percentage of change seen in the PSS scores in Group A was 14.51, Group B was 22.17, and Group C was 16.47.

Conclusion:
The present study concluded that combining music therapy and aerobic exercise showed a maximum reduction in SBP, DBP, and stress levels. Thus, music therapy with aerobic exercise can be used as an alternative treatment with medications to reduce BP in hypertensive patients.
Effect of Hemibridge with Ball and Balloon Exercise on Balance, Gait Speed, Fear of Fall, and Quality of Life in Elderly – A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Muragod Anil Rachappa , Paasi Shikha Vedprakash 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Hemibridge with ball and balloon exercise causes co-contraction of the core, pelvic floor muscles, and lower limb muscles. However, limited data exist about the efficacy of these exercises in elderly individuals.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hemibridge with ball and balloon exercise on balance, gait speed, fear of falls, and quality of life in elderly individuals.

Settings and Design:
A randomized controlled trial was conducted at a tertiary care center and old age homes.

Subjects and Methods:
Thirty-six (n = 36) elderly individuals were randomly allocated to the control and experimental groups. The control group received conventional balance training, while the experimental group received hemibridge with ball and balloon exercises with conventional balance training exercises. The outcome measures were the Timed-Up and Go test (TUG), 4-m gait speed (4MGS) test, Short Falls-Efficacy Scale (SFES), and RAND 36-Item Short-Form Survey (SF-36). Both groups received treatment for 3 weeks with three sessions a week.

Statistical Analysis:
The test used for between-group analysis was the Mann–Whitney U-test and for within-group analysis was the Wilcoxon matched-pair test.

Results:
The between-group results for TUG, 4MGS test, and SFES for the experimental group showed a statistical significance compared to the control group. However, the results of the RAND SF-36 health survey for the experimental group were not statistically significant compared to the control group.

Conclusion:
Hemibridge with ball and balloon exercise with conventional balance exercises showed beneficial effects on balance, gait speed, fear of falls, and quality of life for the elderly.
Prevalence of Pelvic Crossed Syndrome in Females with Primary Dysmenorrhea and its Impact on Physical Activity: An Observational Study
Authors: Mahishale Arati , Bhattarai Asmu 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Pelvic crossed syndrome (PCS) often known as lower crossed syndrome, which is a clinical pattern of muscle imbalance around the pelvis, has been reported more frequently in females than males of the same age. Primary dysmenorrhea (PD), which is another prevalent condition in females, is a leading cause of work absenteeism. As menstrual pain has been reported with change in musculoskeletal structure around the pelvis and lumbar area, this syndrome could be a missing link, which describes the severity of the condition, and may have an impact on physical activity.

Aims:
The objective of the current study is to find the prevalence of PCS in females with PD and its impact on physical activity.

Settings and Design:
This was an observational study undertaken in colleges of Belagavi City for a period of 6 months.

Subjects and Methods:
A total of 305 females with PD were recruited based on the inclusion criteria. They were assessed for PCS using Thomas test and modified Schober’s test for muscle length and manual muscle testing grades for muscle strength, after which were subjected to Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Statistical Analysis:
The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 software descriptive statistics and Chi-square test.

Results:
The prevalence of PCS in females with PD is 28.5% with 44% of those experiencing severe PD, whereas 23% of those with moderate-to-severe PD. The impact of the same on physical activity was found significant with 67% of females with PD involving in only 1 h of physical activity for every 24 h.

Conclusions:
Pelvic cross syndrome affects physical activity significantly and is prevalent in 28.5% of females with PD.
Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among Information Technology Professionals Working from Home during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Shobhika C. G. , Joshi Diker Dev 
Published: August 2023

Context:
The COVID-19 outbreak has made working from home (WFH) the new way of working for information technology professionals. WFH can affect the well-being and productivity of employees with no remote work experience.

Aim:
The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of burnout syndrome among information technology professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Setting and Design:
Cross sectional on line survey was done with google form.

Materials and Methods:
A online survey was conducted by sending a burnout questionnaire consisting of 28 questions to the information technology professionals through the Google Forms and the data were collected and analyzed. A total of 125 information technology professionals participated in this study.

Statistical Analysis:
Descriptive statistics and frequency distribution was done to calculate the prevalence.

Results:
The findings of this study revealed that 39.2% of the population had moderate stress, 30.4% of the population had high stress, and 5.6% of the population had dangerous stress. This could be because of too much work allotted to finish, repetitive and monotonous work, change in the working environment, extended working hours, too much distraction, and social isolation.

Conclusion:
This study concluded that there is a high amount of stress among the information technology professionals and the higher rates of work-related stress may significantly increase the incidence of other health disorders.
Relationship between Pelvic Inclination and Quadriceps Angle in Middle Aged Obese Individuals
Authors: Kumar Manish , Arya Pratiksha 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Many studies have engrossed on correlating one or two biomechanical parameters related to the lower limb alignment factors but not many have taken into account the effect of increased body weight on the relationship between Q-angle and pelvic tilt.

Aim:
The present study aims to assess the changes in pelvic inclination angle (PIA) and quadriceps angle (Q-angle) in the different categories of body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, to find an association between PIA, Q-angle, and waist-hip ratio (WHR) in different categories of BMI.

Setting and Design:
The Observational case control study was conducted on community dwelling individuals from Delhi NCR.

Subjects and Methods:
Two hundred and forty participants (120 participants of BMI score 18.5–22.9 kg/m2 (normal weight healthy individuals) and 120 participants of BMI score >25 kg/m2 (obese healthy individuals) were recruited on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. BMI, PIA, Q-angle, and WHR were assessed in the standing position.

Statistical Analysis:
Intra-class correlations of analysis was done using the Pearson correlation coefficient calculation for all the measured variables.

Results:
Significant higher mean values of PIA and Q-angle were observed in obese participants when compared with normal weight participants (P < 0.01). BMI was significantly positively correlated with PIA (P = 0.011) and Q-angle (P = 0.014) for obese population, whereas no significant association was found to normal weight healthy population. Similarly, statistically significant positive correlation was found between PIA and Q-angle (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
The study concluded that increase in body weight is an important factor which influences the biomechanical alignment of kinematic chain segments of the lower quadrant of the body. Hence, it is very important to focus on proper biomechanical alignment and the whole lower extremity should be considered rather than a single segment as a factor, because one mechanical factor has the potential to compensate for or affected by another when functioning in the weight bearing position.
Immediate Effect of Mulligan’s Spinal Mobilization with Limb Movements on Straight Leg Raise Test in Patients with Lumbar Radiculopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Naidu Shashwath P. , Srikantaiah Soni , Boyle Ruth 
Published: August 2023

Context:
Lumbar radiculopathy is pain which starts from the lumbar spine and radiates to one or both lower limbs. Spinal mobilization with limb movement (SMWLM) has been proposed for the treatment of lumbar radiculopathy by Brian Mulligan. Studies on SMWLM have found it to have positive effect in reducing radicular symptoms, but a comparative study of SMWLM versus sham mobilization is lacking to prove the beneficial effect of SMWLM since sham procedures more clearly differentiate the efficacy of an intervention.

Aims:
To compare the immediate effect of SMWLM with sham SMWLM on straight leg raise (SLR) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) in patients with lumbar radiculopathy.

Settings and Design:
Single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Subjects and Methods:
Twenty-eight participants with lumbar radiculopathy (mean age 40.2 ± 12.2 years) were included. The trial group (n = 14) received SMWLM and control group (n = 14) received sham SMWLM. In SMWLM a transverse glide was applied with the therapist thumb just lateral to the involved lumbar spinous process and the hip was taken into flexion. Sham SMWLM was given by placing thumb just lateral to the involved spinous process without applying any glide while the limb was taken into only 10° of hip flexion. The pre- and immediate post-SLR test angle and VAS was compared within each group and postvalues was compared between the two groups.

Statistical Analysis:
The data were analyzed with Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test and Mann–Whitney U-test.

Results:
Post intervention in the experimental group there was a significant increase in SLR test angle (P = 0.001) and reduction in VAS (P = 0.001) while in the control group only VAS decreased (P = 0.034). There was a significant difference between the groups in postintervention SLR test angle (P = 0.038) and VAS (P = 0.018).

Conclusion:
Through its biomechanical, neurophysiological effects, and marginal placebo effects, SMWLM can be used as an effective treatment technique for immediate improvement in pain-free SLR range in patients with lumbar radiculopathy.
Isolated Tubercular Abscess in Immunocompetent Children
Authors: Kundavaram Rajkumar , Singh Sourabh , Kumar Amber , Malik Shikha , Bhatt Girish Chandra 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a common disease, especially in low-income countries, with a varied clinical spectrum involving multiple organs. Although liver abscess can be seen in 70% of patients with miliary tuberculosis, isolated tuberculous liver abscess (ILTA) is rare in immunocompetent children. Liver involvement, though seen in up to 70% of patients as a part of miliary TB, isolated tuberculous liver abscess (ITLA) is rare in 13 children.

Objective:
The present systematic review focuses on demographic parameters, clinical presentations, duration of antitubercular treatment, and the need for surgical intervention and recurrence in children with tuberculous liver abscess.

Methods:
A comprehensive search was done in major databases PubMed and Google Scholar using defined search terms encompassing case reports or case series on isolated tubercular liver abscess in children. The identified reports underwent screening by three different authors for inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results:
The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of presentation was 9.5 (6.5) years, with a slightly higher prevalence in females (59%). The most common presenting symptom was fever (95%), followed by abdominal pain (68%). Hepatomegaly was seen in 90% of cases and jaundice in 16%. The median (IQR) duration of antitubercular treatment was 6 (4) months and surgical intervention was required for 14 (63%) children. The resolution time of the ITLA varied across the children, with a median (IQR) time being 2 (7) months.

Conclusion:
Pediatric tubercular liver abscess requires a high index of suspicion, particularly in endemic countries like India. Children with liver abscess should be evaluated for TB, if response to initial management is poor. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment with systemic antitubercular treatment are associated with a favorable outcome.