bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Situ Detection and Seafloor Observation of the Site F Cold Seep
Authors: Zhang Xin , Luan Zhendong , Du Zengfeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe in situ detection and seafloor observation of the Site F cold seep began after its discovery. Research on deep−sea cold seep systems often begins with descriptions of topography and geomorphology. The earliest platform for topographic and geomorphologic exploration was the scientific expedition vessel. With the development of underwater vehicles, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and remote operated vehicles (ROVs) have become platforms for geophysical exploration of the seafloor. Thus, the spatial resolution of exploration has also been enhanced to the centimeter level. At the same time, sampling and in situ detection technology have gradually become the main research methods for cold seep systems. Based on the obtained samples and in situ data, research on the geochemistry and bioecology of cold seep systems has been carried out. Many technologies have been developed and may be used to promote the limit of detection of spectral−based methods to broaden the application range. Long−term detection for in situ experiments with specific scientific targets under natural cold seep environments is another trend for detection and observation in cold seep areas.
Distribution, Variability of Seeps
Authors: Zhang Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVarious cold seep systems and related gas hydrate accumulations have been discovered in the South China Sea over the past two decades. Based on high-resolution seismic data, subbottom profiles, in-situ observations, deep drilling and coring, and hydrate gas geochemical analysis, the geological and geophysical characteristics of these cold seep systems and their associated gas hydrate accumulations in the Qiongdongnan Basin, Shenhu area and Dongsha area in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, Taixinan Basin, and Beikang Basin were investigated. Cold seep systems are present at different stages of evolution and exhibit various seabed microgeomorphic, geological, and geochemical features. Active cold seep systems with notable gas leakage, gas plumes, and microbial communities and inactive cold seep systems with authigenic carbonate pavements are related to the variable intensity of the gas-bearing fluid, which is usually derived from deep strata through mud volcanoes, mud diapirs, gas chimneys, and faults. This indicates a paragenetic relationship between the gas-bearing fluid and the seafloor morphology of cold seeps and deep-shallow coupling of gas hydrates, cold seeps, and deep petroleum reservoirs in the South China Sea.
Stable Isotope Signatures of Authigenic Minerals from Methane Seeps
Authors: Gong Shanggui , Peckmann Jörn , Feng Dong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAuthigenic minerals forming at marine seeps constitute an excellent archive of past methane seepage and biogeochemical processes. Over the past two decades, authigenic carbonate and sulfur-bearing minerals from methane seeps of the South China Sea (SCS) have been widely investigated, providing insight into fluid sources and seepage dynamics and facilitating the establishment of geochemical proxies to trace sulfate-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane (SD-AOM). Authigenic carbonates from all seep sites in the SCS commonly exhibit low δ13C and high δ18O values, confirming the incorporation of methane-derived carbon and oxygen from a pore water pool probably affected by gas hydrate dissociation. Pyrite is a common authigenic mineral at methane seeps, also forming at low methane flux where authigenic carbonate tends to be absent. The identification of methane seepage and SD-AOM activity consequently benefited from the advancement of sulfur isotope geochemistry, particularly from in situ measurements of δ34Spyrite values using nanoSIMS and multiple sulfur isotopes. Quantification of carbon and sulfur fluxes in the course of SD-AOM in modern and ancient marine sedimentary environments remains challenging, highlighting the need for more field-based research and modeling work. Furthermore, other elemental cycles and biogeochemical processes at methane seeps archived in authigenic minerals, such as nitrogen-based metabolisms, remain largely unknown. We highlight that SCS seeps are fascinating natural laboratories to better understand methane-driven biogeochemical processes and their signatures in authigenic minerals, representing a rewarding but also challenging object of research in the field of geomicrobiology.
Novel concept for posterior crossbite correction
Authors: Wiechmann Dirk 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The efficiency of dentoalveolar compensation involving both jaws for posterior crossbite correction using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) expansion and compression archwires was evaluated. Treatment outcome was tested against the null hypothesis that the transverse correction achieved would be significantly smaller than planned.

Methods
This retrospective study included 64 patients (mean age 23.5 years, median 17.0, minimum/maximum: 9.0/63.0, standard deviation 13.7) with uni- or bilateral posterior crossbite. In all consecutively debonded patients, expansion and/or compression archwires were used for dentoalveolar correction involving both jaws. Plaster casts prior to (T1) and following treatment (T2) with completely customized lingual appliances (CCLA) were compared with the treatment plan represented by an individual target set-up. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Schuirmann TOST (two one-sided t‑tests) equivalence test on the basis of a one-sample t‑test with α = 0.025 to one side. The non-inferiority margin was set at δ = 0.5 mm.

Results
All posterior crossbites could be corrected by dentoalveolar compensation involving both jaws. The mean total correction achieved was 6.9 mm (mean maxillary expansion: 4.3 mm/mean mandibular compression: 2.6 mm) with a maximum of 12.8 mm. The transverse corrections achieved in both arches at T2 were equivalent to the planned corrections in the set-up (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that CAD/CAM expansion and compression archwires can be an efficient tool to achieve the desired correction in patients with a posterior crossbite even in more severe cases.
Motor-kognitives Risikosyndrom – Weichenstellung für die Demenzprävention?
Authors: Theobald Paula , Herold Fabian , Gronwald Thomas , Müller Notger G. 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Der prognostizierte starke Anstieg demenzieller Erkrankungen wird auch das deutsche Gesundheitssystem vor große Herausforderungen stellen. In diesem Zusammenhang haben präventive Maßnahmen bei Personen mit einem erhöhten Risiko für eine spätere Demenz eine herausragende Bedeutung. In der englischsprachigen Literatur hat sich diesbezüglich das Konzept des motor-kognitiven Risikosyndroms (MCR) etabliert, welches in Deutschland bisher noch kaum Verbreitung gefunden hat.

Fragestellung
Was sind die Charakteristika und Diagnostikkriterien des MCR? Welche Auswirkung hat das MCR auf gesundheitsrelevante Parameter? Welche Evidenz liegt hinsichtlich der Risikofaktoren und der Prävention des MCR vor?

Material und Methode
Die englischsprachige Literatur wurde in Bezug auf das MCR, dessen Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren sowie auf Zusammenhänge mit der leichten kognitiven Störung (MCI) und dem zentralen Nervensystem analysiert.

Ergebnisse
Das MCR ist durch eine subjektive kognitive Beeinträchtigung und eine verlangsamte Ganggeschwindigkeit gekennzeichnet. Im Vergleich zu gesunden älteren Erwachsenen weisen Erwachsene mit dem MCR neben einem erhöhten Demenzrisiko auch ein erhöhtes Sturz- und Mortalitätsrisiko auf. Modifizierbare Risikofaktoren bieten einen Anknüpfungspunkt für gezielte lebensstilbezogene Präventionsmaßnahmen.

Schlussfolgerung
Aufgrund der praxisorientierten Diagnostik könnte sich das MCR auch im deutschsprachigen Raum als ein wichtiges Konzept zur Früherkennung von Personen mit einem erhöhten Demenzrisiko erweisen, wenngleich weitere Forschung notwendig ist, um diese Annahme empirisch abzusichern.
Simultaneity in binary outcome models with an application to employment for couples
Authors: Honoré Bo E. , Hu Luojia , Kyriazidou Ekaterini , Weidner Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTwo of Peter Schmidt’s many contributions to econometrics have been to introduce a simultaneous logit model for bivariate binary outcomes and to study estimation of dynamic linear fixed effects panel data models using short panels. In this paper, we study a dynamic panel data version of the bivariate model introduced in Schmidt and Strauss (Econometrica 43:745–755, 1975) that allows for lagged dependent variables and fixed effects as in Ahn and Schmidt (J Econom 68:5–27, 1995). We combine a conditional likelihood approach with a method of moments approach to obtain an estimation strategy for the resulting model. We apply this estimation strategy to a simple model for the intra-household relationship in employment. Our main conclusion is that the within-household dependence in employment differs significantly by the ethnicity composition of the couple even after one allows for unobserved household specific heterogeneity.
Anharmonicity and quantum nuclear effects in theoretical vibrational spectroscopy: a molecular tale of two cities
Authors: Conte Riccardo , Aieta Chiara , Botti Giacomo , Cazzaniga Marco , Gandolfi Michele , Lanzi Cecilia , Mandelli Giacomo , Moscato Davide , Ceotto Michele 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnharmonic effects due to the shape of the molecular potential energy surface far from the equilibrium geometry are major responsible for the deviations of the actual frequencies of vibration from the harmonic estimates. However, anharmonic effects are not the solely responsible for this. Quantum nuclear effects also play a prominent role in theoretical vibrational spectroscopy as they contribute to drive away the molecular vibrational frequencies from their harmonic counterpart. The consequence of this is that anharmonicity and quantum effects may be difficult to separate spectroscopically and get often confused. In this work we show that anharmonicity can be detected by means of classical simulations, while quantum nuclear effects need to be identified by means of an approach originating from either the time independent or the time dependent Schroedinger equation of quantum mechanics. We show that classical methods are sensitive to the temperature or energy conditions under which they are undertaken. This leads to wrong frequency estimates, when dealing with few-Kelvin experiments, if one performs simulations simply matching the experimental temperature. Conversely, quantum approaches are not affected by this issue and they provide more and better information.
Modulation of H-reflex and V-wave responses during dynamic balance perturbations
Authors: Nevanperä Samuli , Hu Nijia , Walker Simon , Avela Janne , Piirainen Jarmo M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMotoneuron excitability is possible to measure using H-reflex and V-wave responses. However, it is not known how the motor control is organized, how the H-reflex and V-wave responses modulate and how repeatable these are during dynamic balance perturbations. To assess the repeatability, 16 participants (8 men, 8 women) went through two, identical measurement sessions with ~ 48 h intervals, where maximal isometric plantar flexion (IMVC) and dynamic balance perturbations in horizontal, anterior–posterior direction were performed. Soleus muscle (SOL) neural modulation during balance perturbations were measured at 40, 70, 100 and 130 ms after ankle movement by using both H-reflex and V-wave methods. V-wave, which depicts the magnitude of efferent motoneuronal output (Bergmann et al. in JAMA 8:e77705, 2013), was significantly enhanced as early as 70 ms after the ankle movement. Both the ratio of M-wave-normalized V-wave (0.022–0.076, p < 0.001) and H-reflex (0.386–0.523, p < 0.001) increased significantly at the latency of 70 ms compared to the latency of 40 ms and remained at these levels at latter latencies. In addition, M-wave normalized V-wave/H-reflex ratio increased from 0.056 to 0.179 (p < 0.001). The repeatability of V-wave demonstrated moderate-to-substantial repeatability (ICC = 0.774–0.912) whereas the H-reflex was more variable showing fair-to-substantial repeatability (ICC = 0.581–0.855). As a conclusion, V-wave was enhanced already at 70 ms after the perturbation, which may indicate that increased activation of motoneurons occurred due to changes in descending drive. Since this is a short time-period for voluntary activity, some other, potentially subcortical responses might be involved for V-wave increment rather than voluntary drive. Our results addressed the usability and repeatability of V-wave method during dynamic conditions, which can be utilized in future studies.
Do hearing loss interventions prevent dementia?
Authors: Dawes Piers , Völter Christiane 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHearing loss has been identified as a potentially modifiable risk for dementia. This discussion paper reviews studies examining the impact of hearing loss interventions on cognitive decline and incident cognitive impairment, identified the challenges for research on the cognitive impacts of hearing interventions, and the likely benefits of hearing interventions for healthy aging and mental well-being.
Integration of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in heart failure
Authors: Sopic Miron , Robinson Emma L. , Emanueli Costanza , Srivastava Prashant , Angione Claudio , Gaetano Carlo , Condorelli Gianluigi , Martelli Fabio , Pedrazzini Thierry , Devaux Yvan ,   EU-CardioRNA COST Action CA17129 and EU-AtheroNET COST Action CA21153
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe number of “omics” approaches is continuously growing. Among others, epigenetics has appeared as an attractive area of investigation by the cardiovascular research community, notably considering its association with disease development. Complex diseases such as cardiovascular diseases have to be tackled using methods integrating different omics levels, so called “multi-omics” approaches. These approaches combine and co-analyze different levels of disease regulation. In this review, we present and discuss the role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating gene expression and provide an integrated view of how these mechanisms are interlinked and regulate the development of cardiac disease, with a particular attention to heart failure. We focus on DNA, histone, and RNA modifications, and discuss the current methods and tools used for data integration and analysis. Enhancing the knowledge of these regulatory mechanisms may lead to novel therapeutic approaches and biomarkers for precision healthcare and improved clinical outcomes.
Pleiotropic effects of NOACs with focus on edoxaban: scientific findings and potential clinical implications
Authors: Goette Andreas , Mollenhauer Martin , Rudolph Volker , Lamparter Mathias , Meier Martin , Böhm Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNon-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are well-established as inhibitors of factor Xa (FXa) and thrombin in the treatment and prevention of thrombosis. However, there is growing evidence that beneficial outcomes might be based on additional pleiotropic effects beyond anticoagulation. FXa and thrombin are also known to activate protease-activated receptors (PARs), which can mediate pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects. Since PAR‑1 and PAR‑2 play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, the inhibition of this pathway represents an interesting potential target for preventing the progression of atherosclerosis and fibrosis. This review focuses on potential pleiotropic effects of FXa inhibition with edoxaban seen in a variety of studies in different in vitro and in vivo test systems. As common findings from these experiments, edoxaban was able to attenuate FXa- and thrombin-induced pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects and decrease pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. In some, but not all experiments edoxaban was also shown to decrease the levels of PAR‑1 and PAR‑2 expression. Further studies are required to clarify the clinical implications of the pleiotropic effects mediated by NOACs.
Machine learning-based gait anomaly detection using a sensorized tip: an individualized approach
Authors: Otamendi Janire , Zubizarreta Asier , Portillo Eva 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLower limb motor impairment affects greatly the autonomy and quality of life of those people suffering from it. Recent studies have shown that an appropriate rehabilitation can significantly improve their condition, but, for this purpose, it is essential to know the patient’s functional state and to be able to detect any changes that occur in it as soon as possible. Traditionally, standardized clinical scales have been used to make that assessment, however, as the number of patients to be assessed is high, assessment frequency is usually low. In response to this problem, the aim of the present work is to design a new personalized methodology for developing a Machine Learning-based gait anomaly detector that is able to detect significant changes in the functional state of patients based on data provided by a sensorized tip; a system that will serve as support for the therapist who is treating the monitored patient’s case. Taking into account the variability that exists among patients, the proposed design focuses on an individualized approach, so that the system characterizes the state change of each patient case only on his/her own data. Once developed, the proposed methodology has been validated in ten healthy people of different complexions, achieving an average accuracy of 87.5%. Finally, five case studies have been analyzed, in which data from five multiple sclerosis patients have been captured and studied, obtaining an average accuracy of 82.5%.
45 years German Society of Biological Psychiatry (DGBP)
Authors: Riederer P. , Kircher T. , Juckel G. , Domschke K. , Schneider A. , Deckert J. , Falkai P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe foundation of a German Society of Biological Psychiatry (DGBP) was initiated at the Second World Congress of Biological Psychiatry of the WFSBP in Barcelona in 1978. Its mission was and is to promote interdisciplinary research on the biology of mental disorders and to translate results of biological research into clinical practice. During the presidency of Peter Falkai, its tasks were defined to improve the quality and support of biologically oriented research in Germany by the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; German Research Foundation), BMBF (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung) and EU (European Union), to promote young researchers doing biologically oriented research, to improve on the diagnosis and therapy of mental disorders and to advise policy makers by taking part in legal processes. The DGBP has been a corporate member of the WFSBP from its beginning, became a cooperative member of the DGPPN (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Nervenheilkunde), later of the German Brain Council, and fostered relationships with other scientific societies. Over the past 45 years, more than twenty congresses were held in Germany and neighboring countries. Emerging from the pandemic, the DGBP is ready to continue its mission to promote interdisciplinary research on the biology of mental disorders with a focus on the development of young scientists and to translate results of biological research into clinical practice, with regard to pharmacotherapy in close cooperation with the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie (AGNP). In this sense, this article also aims to stimulate the cooperation of the society with other national and international partners and to foster new relationships with young scientists and professionals interested in the aims and goals of the DGBP.
In vitro evaluation of different protective techniques to reduce titanium particle contamination during implantoplasty
Authors: Platt A. , Liu C. C. , Gubler A. , Naenni N. , Thoma D. , Schmidlin P. R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Our aim is to study titanium remains in a bone model during standardized implantoplasty under different isolation and protective modalities.

Material and methods
Forty implants were placed in artificial spongy bone blocks mimicking a horizontal bone loss and implant neck protrusion of 5 mm. Samples were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10), which were treated as follows: rubber dam (A), a dental adhesive paste (B), bone wax (C), and an unprotected positive control (D). Implantoplasty was performed using carbide and diamond burs under strict water cooling and standardized suction. After removal of the respective isolation materials, the bone blocks were thoroughly rinsed with tap water for 3 min and titanium chips were collected using a filter integrated in the model. The filter paper was removed and dissolved in 37% hydrochloric acid for 2 h at 120 °C and the titanium remnants were quantified using atomic absorption spectrometry.

Results
None of the test groups were able to completely prevent titanium particle contamination. Rubber dam (691 ± 249 µg) and bone wax (516 ± 157 µg) were found to be significantly more protective than the positive control (2313 ± 747 µg) (p < 0.001) with respect to the amount of titanium particles that remained in the bone model after implantoplasty. The adhesive paste group (1863.5 ± 538 µg) was not significantly different from the positive control (p = 0.19).

Conclusions
Despite some limitations of the present study, titanium particles resulting from a standardized implantoplasty can be assumed to be significantly reduced when the tissues/bone were protected with rubber dam and bone wax, or a combination, depending on individual accessibility.

Clinical relevance
Tissue protective measures to reduce or avoid particle contamination during implantoplasty is possible and should be considered and further clinically assessed to avoid iatrogenic inflammatory reactions.
Carbon sequestration potential and the multiple functions of Nordic grasslands
Authors: Norderhaug Ann , Clemmensen Karina E. , Kardol Paul , Thorhallsdottir Anna Gudrun , Aslaksen Iulie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGrasslands are important carbon sinks, but the underlying processes for their soil carbon sequestration potential are still not well understood, despite much attention given to this topic. In Europe, grasslands, especially semi-natural grasslands, are also important for promoting biodiversity. Moreover, recent global reports have highlighted the importance of biodiversity in supporting climate actions. In boreal and alpine regions in the Nordic countries, grasslands also play an important role in milk and meat production and food security. Certain grassland features and management practices may enhance their soil carbon sequestration potential. Semi-natural grasslands maintained by optimized livestock grazing are vital for aboveground biodiversity and show promise for belowground biodiversity and carbon sequestration potential. It is essential to assess the multiple functions of grasslands, particularly semi-natural grasslands, to facilitate the optimization of policy measures across policy areas. Climate and biodiversity policies should not counteract each other, as some do today. This essay addresses the multiple functions of grasslands and calls for more knowledge about carbon sequestration in Nordic grasslands. This will enable the management of these ecosystems to align with climate mitigation, maintain biodiversity, and satisfy the global need for increased food supply.