bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward Sustainable Metal‐Iodine Batteries: Materials, Electrochemistry and Design Strategies
Authors: Yu Haoxiang , Wang Zhen , Zheng Runtian , Yan Lei , Zhang Liyuan , Shu Jie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDue to the natural abundance of iodine, cost‐effective, and sustainability, metal‐iodine batteries are competitive for the next‐generation energy storage systems with high energy density, and large power density. However, the inherent properties of iodine such as electronic insulation and shuttle behavior of soluble iodine species affect negatively rate performance, cyclability, and self‐discharge behavior of metal‐iodine batteries, while the dendrite growth and metal corrosion on the anode side brings potential safety hazards and inferior durability. These problems of metal‐iodine system still exist and need to be solved urgently. Herein, we summarize the research progress of metal‐iodine batteries in the past decades. Firstly, the classification, design strategy and reaction mechanism of iodine electrode are briefly outlined. Secondly, the current development and protection strategy of conventional metal anodes in metal‐iodine batteries are highlighted, and some potential anode materials and their design strategies are proposed. Thirdly, the key electrochemical parameters of state‐of‐art metal‐iodine batteries are compared and analyzed to solve critical issues for realizing next‐generation iodine‐based energy storage systems. Therefore, the aim of this review is to promote the development of metal‐iodine batteries and provide guidelines for their design.
A Gas Sensor with Enhanced Sensing Properties towards Butyl Acetate: Vascular Bundle Structure Zn2SnO4 Derived from Maize Straw
Authors: Li Siqi , Qu Yuan , Lu Xiang , Zhang Feiyu , Liu Song , Li Bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe development of butyl acetate sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity has been highly desirable for its harmful effects on human health. In this work, we developed a high‐performance butyl acetate sensor based on vascular bundle structure Zn2SnO4 nanomaterial derived from maize straw. The vascular bundle structure Zn2SnO4 with higher specific surface area obtained by calcination to remove the maize straw template, plays the dual role of accelerating the diffusion of gas molecules and providing more active sites. Our research showed that the sensor had a response of 18 to 100 ppm butyl acetate at a working temperature of 250 °C, with a fast response recovery rate (18 s/25 s), which showed significant improvement compared to the Zn2SnO4 sensor prepared without templates. The improved performance can be attributed to the cross‐linked nanoparticle chains and gas collision mechanism of the sensor. These findings highlight the potential of our sensor for the detection of butyl acetate gas.
Isolation and structural characterization of exopolysaccharide from the Cordyceps cicadae and the immunomodulatory activity on RAW264.7 cells
Authors: Yang Xi‐Mei , Wang Si‐Qiang , Chen Li‐Sha , Zhu Zhen‐Yuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA new exopolysaccharide component named as PC‐EPS was isolated from Cordyceps cicadae, and its structure was determined. PC‐EPS was identified to be constituted of mannose, glucose, and galactose (28.84:1:19.42), with an average molecular weight of 3.72 × 106 Da, according to the results of monosaccharide composition, Fourier transform infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, periodate oxidation and Smith degradation, and methylation studies. According to structural characterization, PC‐EPS's connection type was made up of →6) ‐α‐d‐Manp (1→, →2) ‐β‐d‐Manp (1→, →4) ‐α‐d‐Manp (1→, →2) ‐α‐d‐Galf (1→, and →4) ‐α‐d‐Galp (1→. PC‐EPS may significantly increase phagocytosis and RAW264.7 cell proliferation. Additionally, by boosting intracellular lysozyme, cellular acid phosphatase, and cellular superoxide dismutase enzyme concentrations, as well as by promoting the generation of cellular NO, it is the potential to regulate the immunological activity of RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, the effects of PC‐EPS on RAW264.7 cells increased their capacities to create tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin 6 cytokines, all of which suggested that PC‐EPS had the potential to improve immunomodulatory activity.
The role of LncRNA‐regulated autophagy in AKI
Authors: Wang Peihan , Chen Wu , Zhao Sheng , Cheng Fan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex clinical syndrome involving a series of pathophysiological processes regulated by multiple pathways at the molecular and cellular level. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the regulation of epigenetics, and their regulation of autophagy‐related genes in AKI has attracted increasing attention. However, the role of lncRNA‐regulated autophagy in AKI has not been fully elucidated. Evidence indicated that lncRNAs play regulatory roles in most factors that induce AKI. LncRNAs can regulate autophagy in AKI via a complex network of regulatory pathways to affect the development and prognosis of AKI. This article reviewed and analyzed the pathways of lncRNA regulation of autophagy in AKI in recent years. The results provide new ideas for further study of the pathophysiological process and targeted therapy for AKI.
Utilization of wild Cressa cretica biomass for pectinase production from a halo‐thermotolerant bacterium
Authors: Hassan Masooma , Ejaz Uroosa , Rashid Rozina , Moin Syed Faraz , Gulzar Salman , Sohail Muhammad , Hasan Khwaja Ali , Alswat Amal S. , El‐Bahy Zeinhom M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHalophytes are the native inhabitants of saline environment. Their biomass can be considered as a potential substrate for the production of microbial enzymes. This study was intended at feasible utilization of a halophytic biomass, Cressia cretica, for pectinase production using a halo‐ and thermo‐tolerant bacterium, Bacillus vallismortis MH 10. The data from fractionation of the C. cretica biomass revealed presence of 17% pectin in this wild biomass. Seven different factors (temperature, agitation, pH, inoculum size, peptone concentration, substrate concentration, and incubation time) affecting pectinase production using C. cretica were assessed through a statistical tool, Plackett–Burman design. Consequently, two significant factors (incubation time and peptone concentration) were optimized using the central composite design. The strain produced 20 IU mL−1 of pectinase after 24 h under optimized conditions. The enzyme production kinetics data also confirmed that 24 h is the most suitable cultivation period for pectinase production. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy of C. cretica biomass ascertained utilization of pectin and structural changes after fermentation. The purification of pectinase by using DEAE column yielded specific activity and purification fold of 88.26 IU mg−1 and 3.2, respectively. The purified pectinase had a molecular weight of >65 kDa. This study offers prospects of large‐scale production of pectinase by halotolerant strain in the presence of economical and locally grown substrate that makes the enzyme valuable for various industrial operations.
Insurance status impacts survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver resection
Authors: Qiu Zhancheng , Qi Weili , Wu Youwei , Li Lingling , Li Chuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study intends to examine the effect of public insurance status on survival outcomes of HCC patients after liver resection in China.MethodsWe divided 2911 HCC patients after liver resection included in our study into the Urban Employed‐based Medical Insurance group (UEBMI group, n = 1462) and the non‐Urban Employed‐based Medical Insurance group (non‐UEBMI group, n = 1449). A propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to control confounding factors. Overall survival (OS) was estimated by Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models based on variables screened by Lasso regression. Competing risk analysis was used to analyze cancer‐specific survival (CSS).ResultsUEBMI group had more male patients (p = 0.031), patients in the UEBMI group were older (p < 0.001) and had lower Charlson Comorbidity Index scores (CCI score, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, patients in the UEBMI group had better liver function (albumin‐bilirubin grade I [ALBI I], p < 0.001) and lower tumor burden (α‐fetoprotein [AFP], p = 0.009; Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage [BCLC], p = 0.026; Milan criteria, p < 0.001; tumor size, p < 0.001; microvascular invasion [MVI], p = 0.030; portal vein tumor thrombosis [PVTT], p = 0.002). More patients in the UEBMI group received laparoscopic surgery (p = 0.024) and adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE, p < 0.001). After PSM, patients in the two matched groups had similar characteristics. Patients with recurrent HCC in the UEBMI were more likely to receive curative therapy (p < 0.001) and less likely to receive supportive care (p < 0.001). HCC patients after liver resection in the non‐UEBMI group had a worse OS before (p < 0.0001) and after PSM (p = 0.002). [Correction added on August 16, 2023 after first online publication. The p value has been updated in the preceding sentence.] In our Lasso‐Cox risk regression model, public health insurance status was an independent factor linked with OS (non‐UEBMI vs. UEBMI, hazard ratio [HR]: 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–1.46; p < 0.001). In the competing risk analysis, patients in the UEBMI group had a lower cumulative incidence of CSS before (p < 0.001) and after PSM (p = 0.001), and public insurance status of HCC patients after liver resection remained independently associated with CSS (non‐UEBMI vs. UEBMI; HR:1.36; 95% CI: 1.18–1.58; p < 0.001).ConclusionsUnderinsured HCC patients after liver resection had worse survival outcomes. Less access to care for underinsured patients may explain the difference in survival, but the corresponding conclusions need to be further explored.
The rare entity of gastrointestinal leiomyosarcomas: An Italian multicenter retrospective study in high‐volume referral centers
Authors: Zagami Paola , Comandone Alessandro , Fiore Marco , Baldi Giacomo Giulio , Grignani Giovanni , Vincenzi Bruno , Gronchi Alessandro , Antonarelli Gabriele , Boglione Antonella , Pennacchioli Elisabetta , Curigliano Giuseppe , Conforti Fabio , De Pas Tommaso Martino 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAfter a huge efficacy of imatinib in treating patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) was proven, a maximum effort was made to make a differential diagnosis between GISTs and gastrointestinal leiomyosarcomas (GI‐LMS), showing the latter to be an extremely rare tumor entity. Limited data on GI‐LMS biology, clinical behavior and drug‐sensibility are available, and the clinical decision‐making in this subgroup of patients is usually challenging.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, retrospective observational study on patients with diagnosed GI‐LMS from 2004 to 2020 within six high‐volume referral centers in Italy.ResultsThirty‐three patients had diagnosis of KIT‐negative GI‐LMS confirmed by sarcoma‐expert pathologist. The most common site of origin was the intestine. Twenty‐two patients had localized disease and underwent surgery: with a median follow‐up of 72 months, median disease‐free survival was 42 months. Overall survival (OS)‐rate at 5 years was 73% and median OS was 193 months. Five out of 10 patients with local relapse received a salvage surgery, and 2/5 remained with no evidence of disease. Thirteen patients received neoadjuvant (6) or adjuvant (7) chemotherapy, and 2/13 patients remained free from relapse. The median OS for patients with metastatic LMS was 16.4 months.ConclusionGI‐LMS is very rare and extremely aggressive subgroup of sarcomas with a high tendency to systemic spread. Localized GI‐LMS at diagnosis may be cured if treated with adequate surgery with or without (neo) adjuvant chemotherapy, while de‐novo metastatic disease appeared to have a poor prognosis. Clinical effort to understand GI‐LMS biology and clinical behavior and to develop active treatment strategy, especially for metastatic‐disease, is warranted.
Endodontic management of type IIIb dens invaginatus in central incisor: A case report
Authors: Ghandi Mostafa , Jadidi Soheila 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe described a type IIIb dens invaginatus, its root canal treatment, and results on 3‐ and 12‐month visits. Despite its significant challenges, proper endodontic therapy in such cases can cause positive prognosis and successful outcome.
Supporting the right ventricle in postcardiotomy renal dysfunction: A case series
Authors: Sow Mami , Seadler Benjamin D. , Chandratre Sonal R. , Koratala Abhilash , Carlson Samuel F. , Joyce Lyle D. , Kohmoto Takushi , Durham Lucian A. , Joyce David L. 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessagePostcardiotomy RV dysfunction is an under‐recognized cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Insertion of a percutaneous right ventricular assist device (RVAD) reduces central venous hypertension and congestive nephropathy by augmenting cardiac output. In selected patients, percutaneous RVAD insertion may improve renal function and obviate the need for long‐term dialysis.
Aqueous Polyelectrolyte Electrodeposition: The Effects of Alkyl Substitution and Varying Supporting Electrolyte Concentrations on the Deposition Efficiency
Authors: Gersdorf Sophie , Schildknecht Vincent , Schumann Erik , Seidel Sarah , Torger Bernhard , Prasser Quirin , Frenzel Ninett , Lißner Andreas , Heitmann Johannes , Mertens Florian , Frisch Gero , A. Plamper Felix 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe controlled growth of surface‐modifying polymer films by electrodeposition often fails because of the lack of redox activity of these compounds. Here, electroactive complexants help to electrodeposit non‐electroactive polymers. Hence, we investigate the counterion‐induced electrodeposition of polyelectrolytes: three quaternized poly(N,N‐dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate)s (qPDAAEMA), in particular their methyl, ethyl, and isopropyl derivatives (i. e. qPDMAEMA, qPDEAEMA, and qPDPAEMA), provide transparent solutions in the presence of hexacyanoferrate(II) (ferrocyanide) at specific concentration windows of the KCl supporting electrolyte. Below a certain KCl concentration, insolubility dominates irrespective of the hexacyanoferrate valency, whilst above an upper threshold, full solubility is observed. Between these limits, oxidation reversibly electrodeposits polymer/hexacyanoferrate(III) (ferricyanide) complexes. Hydrodynamic voltammetry (and data analysis using in‐house software) provides access to the deposition efficiency (DE). qPDEAEMA with ethyl substituents shows highest DEs; larger or smaller substituents fall short because of a balance between “hydrophobicity” and charge separation, shifting the window toward smaller salt concentrations with increasing alkyl size. We always observe a DE maximum close to the minimum salt concentration, whilst electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) measurements indicate a change in film water content close to the maximum. These effects, being also discussed in terms of polymer conformation, can direct the future engineering of electroassisted coatings.
Straightforward Synthesis of Halopyridine Aldehydes via Diaminomethylation
Authors: Koidan Georgyi , Zahorulko Serhii , Hurieva Anastasiia , Shvydenko Tetiana , Rusanov Eduard B. , Rozhenko Alexander B. , Manthe Uwe , Kostyuk Aleksandr 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel two‐step method for formylation of fluoropyridines with silylformamidine Me3SiC(=NMe)NMe2 (1) under catalyst‐free conditions was developed. A series of all possible 18 fluoropyridines featuring one to four fluorine atoms were subjected to the reaction with 1 existing in equilibrium with its carbenic form Me2NC(:)N(Me)SiMe3 (1′). Among them, 12 fluoropyridines were shown to react via C−H insertion. The reaction proceeded either at β‐ or γ‐positions affording the corresponding aminals. The more fluorine atoms in pyridines, the easier the reaction proceeded. We also hypothesized that the pyridines in which the fluorine was substituted by other halogens would react in a similar manner. To test the hypothesis, a set of 3,5‐disubstituted pyridines with various combination of halogen atoms was prepared. 3,5‐Difluoropyridine was taken as a compound for comparison. All the pyridines in the series also reacted likewise. In most cases, hydrolysis of the aminals afforded the corresponding aldehydes. As DFT calculations indicate, the reaction mechanism includes deprotonation of pyridine by 1′ as a strong base and the following rearrangement of the formed tight ionic pair to the final product. An alternative reaction pathway involving addition of 1′ to the pyridine carbon with the following hydrogen transfer via a three‐membered transition state structure required much higher activation energy.
Singularities almost always scatter: Regularity results for non‐scattering inhomogeneities
Authors: Cakoni Fioralba , Vogelius Michael S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper we examine necessary conditions for an inhomogeneity to be non‐scattering, or equivalently, by negation, sufficient conditions for it to be scattering. These conditions are formulated in terms of the regularity of the boundary of the inhomogeneity. We examine broad classes of incident waves in both two and three dimensions. Our analysis is greatly influenced by the analysis carried out by Williams in order to establish that a domain, which does not possess the Pompeiu Property, has a real analytic boundary. That analysis, as well as ours, relies crucially on classical free boundary regularity results due to Kinderlehrer and Nirenberg, and Caffarelli.
Agarose‐based 3D Cell Confinement Assay to Study Nuclear Mechanobiology
Authors: Elpers Margaret A. , Varlet Alice‐Anais , Agrawal Richa , Lammerding Jan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCells in living tissues are exposed to substantial mechanical forces and constraints imposed by neighboring cells, the extracellular matrix, and external factors. Mechanical forces and physical confinement can drive various cellular responses, including changes in gene expression, cell growth, differentiation, and migration, all of which have important implications in physiological and pathological processes, such as immune cell migration or cancer metastasis. Previous studies have shown that nuclear deformation induced by 3D confinement promotes cell contractility but can also cause DNA damage and changes in chromatin organization, thereby motivating further studies in nuclear mechanobiology. In this protocol, we present a custom‐developed, easy‐to‐use, robust, and low‐cost approach to induce precisely defined physical confinement on cells using agarose pads with micropillars and externally applied weights. We validated the device by confirming nuclear deformation, changes in nuclear area, and cell viability after confinement. The device is suitable for short‐ and long‐term confinement studies and compatible with imaging of both live and fixed samples, thus presenting a versatile approach to studying the impact of 3D cell confinement and nuclear deformation on cellular function. This article contains detailed protocols for the fabrication and use of the confinement device, including live cell imaging and labeling of fixed cells for subsequent analysis. These protocols can be amended for specific applications. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Design and fabrication of the confinement device waferBasic Protocol 2: Cell confinement assaySupport Protocol 1: Fixation and staining of cells after confinementSupport protocol 2: Live/dead staining of cells during confinement
Evolutionary and expression analysis of starch synthase genes from Tartary buckwheat revealed the potential function of FtGBSSII‐4 and FtGBSSII‐5 in seed amylose biosynthesis
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Linling , Wu Huala , Li Chenglei , Zhao Haixia , Wu Qi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe starch synthase has been identified well as a core enzyme in the starch biosynthesis pathway in monocots. However, only a few starch synthase genes (SSs) are known in dicots. Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) is one of the dicots‐enriched starch in the seeds, but its starch synthesis pathway remains unclear. Here, 15 SS genes were identified in the Tartary buckwheat genome, including 5 granule‐bound starch synthase (GBSS) and 10 soluble starch synthase (SSS) genes. Evolutionary analysis showed that all FtGBSSs belonged to GBSSII, and its isoforms were more abundant than other dicots due to the segmental duplication events. Expression pattern analysis showed two GBSS genes (FtGBSSII‐4 and FtGBSSII‐5) and three SSS genes (FtSSII‐2, FtSSIII‐1, and FtSSIV‐2) were mainly expressed in seeds, indicating that they may be the dominant isoforms for the starch synthesis in Tartary buckwheat. Besides, 23 transcription factor genes out of 1073 were identified from 17 transcription factor families and highly expressed in seeds. Expression correlation analysis suggested that FtNF‐YB2 may be the promising regulators for FtSSs. These results provide new insights and a theoretical basis for understanding starch synthesis and regulation in Tartary buckwheat and other dicots.
Photoreforming for Lignin Upgrading: A Critical Review
Authors: Cheng Xi , Palma Bruna , Zhao Heng , Zhang Hongguang , Wang Jiu , Chen Zhangxin , Hu Jinguang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhotoreforming of lignocellulosic biomass to simultaneously produce gas fuels and value‐added chemicals has gradually emerged as a promising strategy to alleviate the fossil fuels crisis. Compared to cellulose and hemicellulose, the exploitation and utilization of lignin via photoreforming are still at the early and more exciting stages. This Review systematically summarizes the latest progress on the photoreforming of lignin‐derived model components and “real” lignin, aiming to provide insights for lignin photocatalytic valorization from fundamental to industrial applications. Considering the complexity of lignin physicochemical properties, related analytic methods are also introduced to characterize lignin photocatalytic conversion and product distribution. We finally put forward the challenges and perspective of lignin photoreforming, hoping to provide some guidance to valorize biomass into value‐added chemicals and fuels via a mild photoreforming process in the future.