bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel method for age identification of mountain‐cultivated ginseng
Authors: Zhang Gong‐Min , Huang Qing , Chen Gan , Yuan Man , Zheng Chang‐Wu , Zhang Hong‐Mei , Xu Hong‐Xi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPanax ginseng, a slow‐growing perennial herb, is the most praised and popular traditional medicinal herb. Mountain‐cultivated ginseng (MCG) and cultivated ginseng (CG) both belong to Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. The market price and medical effects of this popular health product are closely related to its age. It is widely acknowledged that CG is typically harvested after 4–6 years of growth, but MCG is often collected after 10 years. Until now, the age identification of MCG or mountain wild ginseng (MWG) has remained a major challenge. In this study, we established a novel and rapid method for staining xylem vessels with phloroglucinol and identifying the “annual growth rings” of ginseng by utilizing a stereoscope, which serves as a reliable indicator of the age of MCG. Statistical analysis of the ring radius and the ring density of MCG aged from 1 to 20 years shows that the secondary xylem of MCG increases rapidly in the first 3 years but then gradually slows down from 4 to 10 years, and minor fluctuation is observed in the next 10 years. Meanwhile, the space between the growth rings (ring density) becomes increasingly small with age. This straightforward staining approach can reveal the age of MCG with remarkable clarity and can distinguish MCG from CG.Research Highlights
A novel rapid staining method for Panax ginseng was established.
The age of mountain‐cultivated ginseng (MCG) can be identified by microscopic techniques.
MCG and cultivated ginseng (CG) can be discriminated by microstructure characteristics.
Disjoint total dominating sets in near‐triangulations
Authors: Francis P. , Illickan Abraham M. , Jose Lijo M. , Rajendraprasad Deepak 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe show that every simple planar near‐triangulation with minimum degree at least three contains two disjoint total dominating sets. The class includes all simple planar triangulations other than the triangle. This affirms a conjecture of Goddard and Henning.
New synthetic approach to pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrazine derivatives from 2,2‐dichlorovinylacetophenones
Authors: Guirado Antonio , Vera María , Martiz Bruno , Ródenas Francisco , Bautista Delia , Gálvez Jesús 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNew efficient synthetic methods in pyrazoline and pyrazolopyrazine chemistry have been developed starting from 2,2‐dichlorovinylacetophenones 1, which were sequentially transformed into 3‐aryl‐5‐dichloromethyl‐1‐(2‐hydroxiethyl)‐2‐pyrazolines 2, 3‐aryl‐5‐dichloromethyl‐1‐(2‐O‐tosylhydroxyethyl)‐2‐pyrazolines 3, 3‐aryl‐5‐dichloromethyl‐1‐(2‐azidoethyl)‐2‐pyrazolines 4, and 3‐aryl‐5‐dichloromethyl‐1‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐2‐pyrazoline hydrochlorides 5, by reaction with 2‐hydroxyethylhydrazine, O‐tosylation, azidation, and catalytic hydrogenation, respectively. Compounds 5 were treated with aqueous sodium hydroxide to provide 2‐aryl‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrazines 6 in one‐step conversions involving cyclization and aromatization. A reaction mechanism has been proposed with the aid of DFT theoretical calculations. Compounds 6 could also be obtained directly in one‐pot reactions of tosylates 3 with ammonium hydroxide followed by the addition of sodium hydroxide. The molecular structure of 2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrazine 6c was determined by X‐ray crystallography. Simplicity, good overall yields and inexpensive starting materials are advantageous features of the improved synthetic procedures reported herein.
Motion Robust MR Fingerprinting Scan to Image Neonates With Prenatal Opioid Exposure
Authors: Ma Dan , Badve Chaitra , Sun Jessie E.P. , Hu Siyuan , Wang Xiaofeng , Chen Yong , Nayate Ameya , Wien Michael , Martin Douglas , Singer Lynn T. , Durieux Jared C. , Flask Chris , Costello Deanne Wilson 
Published: July 2023

PurposeTo explore whether MR fingerprinting (MRF) scans provide motion‐robust and quantitative brain tissue measurements for non‐sedated infants with prenatal opioid exposure (POE).Study TypeProspective.Population13 infants with POE (3 male; 12 newborns (age 7–65 days) and 1 infant aged 9‐months).Field Strength/Sequence3T, 3D T1‐weighted MPRAGE, 3D T2‐weighted TSE and MRF sequences.AssessmentThe image quality of MRF and MRI was assessed in a fully crossed, multiple‐reader, multiple‐case study. Sixteen image quality features in three types—image artifacts, structure and myelination visualization—were ranked by four neuroradiologists (8, 7, 5, and 8 years of experience respectively), using a 3‐point scale. MRF T1 and T2 values in 8 white matter brain regions were compared between babies younger than 1 month and babies between 1 and 2 months.Statistical TestsGeneralized estimating equations model to test the significance of differences of regional T1 and T2 values of babies under 1 month and those older. MRI and MRF image quality was assessed using Gwet's second order auto‐correlation coefficient (AC2) with confidence levels. The Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test was used to assess the difference in proportions between MRF and MRI for all features and stratified by the type of features. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe MRF of two infants were excluded in T1 and T2 value analysis due to severe motion artifact but were included in the image quality assessment. In infants under 1 month of age (N = 6), the T1 and T2 values were significantly higher compared to those between 1 and 2 months of age (N = 4). MRF images showed significantly higher image quality ratings in all three feature types compared to MRI images.ConclusionsMR Fingerprinting scans have potential to be a motion‐robust and efficient method for nonsedated infants.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage1
Efficient reverse genetics approach involving infectious subgenomic amplicon for engineering dengue virus
Authors: Park Chang‐Joo , Lee Yoon‐A , Yoo Seung‐Min , Kim Geon A. , Lee Myung‐Shin , Park Changhoon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDengue virus, which belongs to the Flaviviridae family, can induce a range of symptoms from mild to severe, including dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. While infectious cloning technology is a useful tool for understanding viral pathogenesis and symptoms, it exhibits limitations when constructing the entire Flavivirus genome. The instability and toxicity of the genome to bacteria make its full‐length construction in bacterial vectors a time‐consuming and laborious process. To address these challenges, we employed the modified infectious subgenomic amplicon (ISA) method in this study, which can potentially be a superior tool for reverse genetic studies on the dengue virus. Using ISA, we generated recombinant dengue viruses de novo and validated their robust replication in both human and insect cell lines, which was comparable to that of the original strains. Moreover, the efficiency of ISA in genetically modifying the dengue virus was elucidated by successfully inserting the gene for green fluorescence protein into the genome of dengue virus serotype 4. Overall, this study highlighted the effectiveness of ISA for genetically engineering the dengue virus and provided a technical basis for a convenient reverse genetics system that could expedite investigations into the dengue virus.
COVID‐19‐induced autoimmune thyroiditis: Exploring molecular mechanisms
Authors: Mohammadi Bita , Dua Kamal , Saghafi Mohammadreza , Singh Sachin Kumar , Heydarifard Zahra , Zandi Milad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) damages multiple organs, including the thyroid, by direct invasion and cell entry via angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 or indirectly by promoting excessive inflammation in the body. The immune system is a critical factor in antiviral immunity and disease progression. In the context of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, the immune system may become overly activated, resulting in a shift from regulatory to effector responses, which may subsequently promote the development and progression of autoimmune diseases. The incidence of autoimmune thyroid diseases, such as subacute thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, increases in individuals with COVID‐19 infection. This phenomenon may be attributed to aberrant responses of T‐cell subtypes, the presence of autoantibodies, impaired regulatory cell function, and excessive production of inflammatory cytokines, namely interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β, interferon‐γ, and tumor necrosis factor‐α. Therefore, insights into the immune responses involved in the development of autoimmune thyroid disease according to COVID‐19 can help identify potential therapeutic approaches and guide the development of effective interventions to alleviate patients' symptoms.
Biochemical characterization and mycorrhizal fungal community of plant species in the Brazilian seasonal dry forest
Authors: de Souza Tancredo Augusto Feitosa , de Lucena Edjane Oliveira , Nascimento Gislaine dos Santos , da Silva Lucas Jónatan Rodrigues 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInvasive alien plant species (IAPS) have the ability to change the biochemical properties and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community structure in their rhizosphere. Organic acids, microbial activity, and AMF play a key role in the invader's spread and also has interactions with the soil chemical factors. Our aim here was to assess the rhizosphere's biochemical factors, AMF community composition, and soil chemical properties associated with Cryptostegia madagascariensis (IAPS) and Mimosa tenuiflora (endemic plant species) from the Brazilian Seasonal Dry Forest. The highest values of total glomalin (5.87 mg g−1 soil), root colonization (54.5%), oxalic and malic acids (84.21 and 3.01 μmol g−1, respectively), microbial biomass C (mg kg−1), Na+ (0.080 cmolc kg−1), Ca2+ (7.04 cmolc kg−1), and soil organic carbon (4.59 g kg−1) were found in the rhizosphere of C. madagascariensis. We found dissimilarities on AMF community structure considering the studied plant species: (i) Racocetra coralloidea, Dentiscutata heterogama, Dentiscutata cerradensis, Gigaspora decipiens, and AMF's richness were highly correlated with the rhizosphere of M. tenuiflora; and (ii). The rhizosphere of C. madagascariensis was highly correlated with the abundance of Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Rhizoglomus aggregatum, Funneliformis mosseae, and Funneliformis geosporum. The results of our study highlight the importance of considering C. madagascariensis as potential hosts for AMF species from Glomerales, and a potential plant species that increase the bioavailability of exchangeable Na and Ca at semi‐arid conditions.
MRI order appropriateness for chronic neck pain: Comparison of ordering practices and treatment outcomes for primary care physicians and specialists
Authors: Romero Andrew , Lynch Daniel , Johnson Evan , Zhu Xiang , Kirkpatrick John 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChronic neck pain is a common reason for doctor visits in the United States. This diagnosis can be evaluated through patient history, physical examination, and judicious use of radiographs. However, possible inappropriate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ordering persists. We hypothesized that no difference in ordering practices, ordering appropriateness, and subsequent intervention would be appreciated regarding physician specialty, location, patient characteristics, and history and physical exam findings. A multisite retrospective review of cervical spine MRI between 2014 and 2018 was performed. A total of 332 patients were included. Statistical analysis was used to assess MRI order appropriateness, detail of history and physical exam findings, and intervention decision‐making among different specialties. If significant differences were found, multiple linear regression was performed to evaluate the association of MRI order appropriateness regarding physician specialty, location, patient characteristics and history, and physical exam findings. The significance level for all tests was set at <0.05 Orthopedic surgeons ordered MRIs most appropriately with an average American College of Radiology (ACR) score of 8.4 (p < 0.005). Orthopedic surgeons had more comprehensive physical exams as compared to the remaining specialties. The decision for intervention did not vary by physician specialty or ACR score, except for patients of pain medicine physicians who received pain management (p = 0.000). Orthopedic surgeons utilize MRI most appropriately and have more comprehensive physical exams. These findings suggest a need for increased physician education on what indicates an appropriate MRI order to improve the use of resources and further protect patient risk‐benefit profiles. Further research elucidating factors to minimize negative findings in “appropriate” MRIs is indicated. Clinical significance: More detailed physical exams may lead to more appropriately ordered MRIs, subsequently resulting in surgery or procedures being performed when appropriately indicated. This suggests the need for increased physician education on when MRI ordering is appropriate for chronic neck pain to improve the use of resources and further protect patient risk‐benefit profiles.
Fibronectin sensitizes activation of contractility, YAP, and NF‐κB in nucleus pulposus cells
Authors: Naha Ananya , Driscoll Tristan P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntervertebral disc degeneration involves the breakdown of the discs of the spine due to genetics, aging, or faulty mechanical loading. As part of the progression of the disease, nucleus pulposus cells lose their phenotypic characteristics, inducing inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) alterations that result in a loss of disc mechanical homeostasis. Fibronectin is one ECM molecule that has been shown to be upregulated in disc degeneration and plays an important role in the progression of a wide variety of fibrotic diseases. Fragments of fibronectin have also long been associated with both osteoarthritis and disc degeneration. The goal of this work is to test the effects of fibronectin on disc cell phenotype, mechanosensing, and inflammatory signaling. We identify that fibronectin increases the activation of cellular contractility, the mechanosensitive transcription factor Yes‐associated protein, and the inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor‐κB. This results in decreased production and expression of proteoglycans, which are required to maintain healthy disc function. Thus, fibronectin is a potential regulator of phenotypic changes in disc degeneration, and a potential target for treating disc degeneration at the cellular level. Understanding the role of fibronectin, and its potential as a therapeutic target, could provide new approaches for preventing or reversing disc degeneration.
Corroboration of coupled musculoskeletal model and finite element predictions with in vivo RSA migration of an uncemented acetabular component
Authors: Fallahnezhad Khosro , Callary Stuart A. , O'Rourke Dermot , Bahl Jasvir S. , Thewlis Dominic , Solomon Lucian B. , Taylor Mark 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile finite element (FE) models have been used extensively in orthopedic studies, validation of their outcome metrics has been limited to comparison against ex vivo testing. The aim of this study was to validate FE model predictions of the initial cup mechanical environment against patient‐matched in vivo measurements of acetabular cup migration using radiostereometric analysis (RSA). Tailored musculoskeletal and FE models were developed using a combination of three‐dimensional (3D) motion capture data and clinical computerized tomography (CT) scans for a cohort of eight individuals who underwent primary total hip replacement and were prospectively enrolled in an RSA study. FE models were developed to calculate the mean modulus of cancellous bone, composite peak micromotion (CPM), composite peak strain (CPS) and percentage area of bone ingrowth. The RSA cup migration at 3 months was used to corroborate the FE output metrics. Qualitatively, all FE‐predicted metrics followed a similar rank order as the in vivo RSA 3D migration data. The two cases with the lowest predicted CPM (<20 µm), lowest CPS (<0.0041), and high bone modulus (>917 MPa) were confirmed to have the lowest in vivo RSA 3D migration (<0.14 mm). The two cases with the largest predicted CPM (>80 µm), larger CPS (>0.0119) and lowest bone modulus (<472 MPa) were confirmed to have the largest in vivo RSA 3D migration (>0.78 mm). This study enabled the first corroboration between tailored musculoskeletal and FE model predictions with in vivo RSA cup migration. Investigation of additional patient‐matched CT, gait, and RSA examinations may allow further development and validation of FE models.
Influences of standardized clinical probing on peri‐implant soft tissue seal in a situation of peri‐implant mucositis: A histomorphometric study in dogs
Authors: Cai Rong , Liu Yi , Wang Xinge , Wei Hongbo , Wang Jin , Cao Yanze , Lei Jiaqi , Li Dehua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundClinical probing is commonly recommended to evaluate peri‐implant conditions. In a situation of peri‐implant mucositis or peri‐implantitis, the peri‐implant seal healing from the disruption of soft tissue caused by probing has not yet been studied. This study aimed to investigate soft tissue healing after standardized clinical probing around osseointegrated implants with peri‐implant mucositis in a dog model.MethodsThree transmucosal implants in each hemi‐mandible of six dogs randomly assigned to the peri‐implant healthy group or peri‐implant mucositis group were probed randomly in the mesial or distal site as probing groups (PH or PM), the cross‐sectional opposite sites as unprobed control groups. Histomorphometric measurements of implant shoulder (IS)–most coronal level of alveolar bone contact to the implant surface (BCI), apical termination of the junctional epithelium (aJE)–BCI, mucosal margin (MM)–BCI, and MM–aJE were performed at 1 day, 1 week, and 2 weeks after probing. Apoptosis, proliferation, proinflammatory cytokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) of peri‐implant soft tissue were estimated by immunofluorescent analysis.ResultsIn the PM group, apical migration of junctional epithelium was revealed by significantly decreased aJE–BCI from 1 day to 2 weeks in comparison to unprobed sites (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were found in the PH group. Immunofluorescent analysis showed higher levels of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), MMP‐1, and MMP‐8, together with exaggerated apoptosis and proliferation of peri‐implant soft tissue in the PM group.ConclusionWithin the limitations, standardized clinical probing might lead to apical migration of the junctional epithelium in a situation of peri‐implant mucositis.
Exploring genetic variability, heritability, and trait correlations in gari and eba quality from diverse cassava varieties in Nigeria
Authors: Aghogho Cynthia Idhigu , Kayondo Siraj Ismail , Maziya‐Dixon Bussie , Eleblu Saviour JY , Asante Isaac , Offei Samuel K , Parkes Elizabeth , Ikpan Smith Andrew , Adesokan Micheal , Abioye Racheal , Chijioke Ugo , Ogunpaimo Kayode , Kulakow Peter , Egesi Chiedozie , Dufour Dominique , Rabbi Ismail Y 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDGari (especially in Nigeria) is an important West African food product made from cassava. It is an affordable, precooked, dry, easy to prepare and store food product. Eba is a stiff dough produced by reconstituting gari in hot water. Gari and eba quality is an important driver of varietal acceptance by farmers, processors, and consumers.RESULTSThis study characterized the genetic variability, heritability, and correlations among quality‐related traits of fresh roots, gari, and eba. Thirty‐three diverse genotypes, including landraces and released and advanced breeding genotypes, were used in this study. In total, 40 traits categorized into fresh root quality, colour, functional, and texture properties trait groups were assessed. We observed broad phenotypic variability among the genotypes used in this study. Dry matter content had a positive (P < 0.05) correlation with gari%, bulk density and a negative correlation with eba hardness and gumminess. Broad‐sense heritability across all environments varied considerably among the different trait groups: 62% to 79% for fresh root quality, 0% to 96% for colour, 0% to 79% for functional and 0% to 57% for texture properties.CONCLUSIONSThe stable broad‐sense heritability found for gari%, gari and eba colour, bulk density, swelling index, and hardness measured using instrumental texture profile analysis coupled with sufficient variability in the population indicate good potential for genetic improvement of these traits through recurrent selection. Also, it is possible to genetically improve gari%, bulk density, and swelling power by simultaneously improving the dry matter content of fresh roots. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Towards differentiated development policies for mountainous areas: A spatial analysis of mountain distribution and characteristics in a geographic region
Authors: Ying Bin , Ke Li , Zhu Feihu , He Na 
Published: August 2023

AbstractScientifically defining the scope of mountain distribution and understanding the spatial patterns of mountainous areas in China is critical for formulating development policies tailored to the diverse needs of different regions and promoting rural revitalization in mountainous areas. This study aims to scientifically define the scope of mountain distribution and understand the spatial pattern characteristics of mountainous areas in China to aid in the formulation of differentiated development policies and support the rural revitalization strategies of mountainous areas. Using measurements of the areas of mountains and hills in Mainland China, and drawing on European scholars' definitions of mountain cities, a classification system of mountainous areas was constructed based on the proportion differences between hills and mountains within counties. The results showed that hills and mountains were widely distributed across 81.52% and 85.35% of the 2847 total counties in China, respectively. Moreover, 14 provinces accounted for over 90% of the mountainous area, and 5 provinces accounted for 100%. These findings indicate that China's provinces have obvious mountainous characteristics, which need to be considered in policy‐making for regional development.
Empirical analysis of factors influencing delay in article acceptance in accounting journals
Authors: Argilés‐Bosch Josep M. , Ravenda Diego , Garcia‐Blandon Josep 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUsing a sample of articles published in top accounting journals, we estimate a multivariate model and find empirical evidence of factors influencing delay in article acceptance. Acceptance delay is measured as the time from article submission to acceptance. We find that article length and journal workload are significantly and positively associated with acceptance delay, whereas the distance to historical aspirations in terms of journal impact factor, top corresponding authors and affiliations, as well as corresponding author affiliation with institutions in the USA or the Netherlands, are significantly and negatively associated with acceptance delay. We also find significant differences in acceptance delays related to specific journal procedures and editorial policies. Finally, we observe that acceptance delay increases over time.