bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Considering pollinators' ecosystem services in the remediation and restoration of contaminated lands: Overview of research and its gaps
Authors: Meldrum James R. , Larson Diane L. , Hoelzle Timothy B. , Hinck Jo Ellen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The concept of ecosystem services provides a useful framework for understanding how people are affected by changes to the natural environment, such as when a contaminant is introduced (e.g., oil spills, hazardous substance releases) or, conversely, when contaminated lands are remediated and restored. Pollination is one example of an important ecosystem service; pollinators play a critical role in any functioning terrestrial ecosystem. Other studies have suggested that consideration of pollinators' ecosystem services could lead to better remediation and restoration outcomes. However, the associated relationships can be complex, and evaluation requires synthesis from numerous disciplines. In this article, we discuss the possibilities for considering pollinators and their ecosystem services when planning remediation and restoration of contaminated lands. To inform the discussion, we introduce a general conceptual model of how pollinators and the ecosystem services associated with them could be affected by contamination in the environment. We review the literature on the conceptual model components, including contaminant effects on pollinators and the direct and indirect ecosystem services provided by pollinators, and identify information gaps. Though increased public interest in pollinators likely reflects increasing recognition of their role in providing many important ecosystem services, our review indicates that many gaps in understanding—about relevant natural and social systems—currently impede the rigorous quantification and evaluation of pollinators' ecosystem services required for many applications, such as in the context of natural resource damage assessment. Notable gaps include information on non-honeybee pollinators and on ecosystem services beyond those benefitting the agricultural sector. We then discuss potential research priorities and implications for practitioners. Focused research attention on the areas highlighted in this review holds promise for increasing the possibilities for considering pollinators' ecosystem services in the remediation and restoration of contaminated lands. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:322–336. © 2023 SETAC
Feasibility of 5‐fluorouracil and imiquimod for the topical treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN) 2/3
Authors: Desravines Nerlyne , Hsu Chiu‐Hsieh , Mohnot Sopan , Sahasrabuddhe Vikrant , House Margaret , Sauter Edward , O'Connor Siobhan , Bauman Julie E. , Chow H.‐H. Sherry , Rahangdale Lisa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the feasibility (as measured by tolerability and safety) and efficacy of topical 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and imiquimod for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2/3.MethodsThis pilot prospective study was conducted in women aged 18–45 years with p16+ CIN 2/3. Participants underwent an 8‐week alternating regimen of self‐applied 5% 5‐FU on weeks 1, 3, 5, and 7 and physician‐applied imiquimod on weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8. Adverse events (AEs) were collected by symptom diary and clinical exam. Feasibility was measured by tolerability and safety (AEs) of the study intervention. Tolerability was assessed as the number of participants able to apply 50% or more of the treatment doses. The safety outcome was calculated as the number of participants who experienced “specified AEs” defined as possibly, probably, or definitely related grade 2 or worse AE or grade 1 genital AEs (blisters, ulcerations, or pustules) lasting more than 5 days. The efficacy of the intervention was determined by histology and high‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing was done after treatment.ResultsThe median age of the 13 participants was 27 ± 2.9 years. Eleven (84.61%) participants applied 50% or more of the treatment. All participants reported grade 1 AEs; 6 (46.15%) reported grade 2 AEs; and 0 reported grade 3/4 AEs. Three (23.08%) participants had specified AEs. Histologic regression to normal or CIN 1 among those completing 50% or more of the treatment doses was observed in 10 (90.91%) participants, and 7 (63.63%) tested negative for hr‐HPV at the end of the study.ConclusionsTopical treatment for CIN 2/3 with 5‐FU/imiquimod is feasible, with preliminary evidence of efficacy. Topical therapies need further investigation as adjuncts or alternatives to surgical therapy for CIN 2/3.
Role of artificial intelligence in pharmacy practice: A narrative review
Authors: Wong Adrian , Wentz Erin , Palisano Nicholas , Dirani Manar , Elsamadisi Pansy , Qashou Farah , Celi Leo , Badawi Omar , Nazer Lama 
Published: July 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a potentially useful tool in transforming healthcare. Roles for AI include drug safety, operations, as well as precision medicine to improve patient outcomes. Within pharmacy practice, limited guidance is available describing the purpose of AI. This gap is important to address given the current growth of AI in medicine. The purpose of this narrative review was to review the literature evaluating the potential role of AI in three relevant areas of pharmacy practice. A review of Medline and Embase from January 2004 to June 2022 evaluating search terms involving AI and drug safety, pharmacy operations, or precision medicine. Articles had to be focused on human subjects, be either an observational cohort study or randomized control trial, and involve medication use to be included in this review. Data collection included the study design, AI methodology, and primary outcome and associated AI model performance measures. A total of 24 232 articles were identified from the search strategy, with 403 articles meeting inclusion criteria (1.7%). A total of 22 articles were included in this review. Articles focused on drug safety included safe use of opioids and the role of social media in identifying adverse drug reactions. In terms of pharmacy operations, articles included the identification of medications at risk for shortage and visual identification of medications. Finally, for precision medicine, articles included determining likelihood of beneficial effects of medications for new diagnoses and dosing of warfarin. The role of AI in improving patient outcomes is numerous. However, challenges that remain include transparency of generated AI models, generalizability, and lack of external validation. Future areas of focus include education of pharmacy clinicians on the role of AI and the increased use of open‐source models/data to allow for external validation of AI.
Multispectral optoacoustic tomography is more sensitive than micro‐computed tomography for tracking gold nanorod labelled mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Hernandez Pichardo Alejandra , Littlewood James , Taylor Arthur , Wilm Bettina , Lévy Raphaël , Murray Patricia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTracking the fate of therapeutic cell types is important for assessing their safety and efficacy. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is an effective cell tracking technique, but poor spatial resolution means it has limited ability to precisely map cells in vivo in 3D. This can be overcome by using a bimodal imaging approach that combines BLI with a technique capable of generating high‐resolution images. Here we compared the effectiveness of combining either multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) or micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) with BLI for tracking the fate of luciferase+ human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) labelled with gold nanorods. Following subcutaneous administration in mice, the MSCs could be readily detected with MSOT but not with micro‐CT. We conclude that MSOT is more sensitive than micro‐CT for tracking gold nanorod‐labelled cells in vivo and depending on the route of administration, can be used effectively with BLI to track MSC fate in mice.
A retrospective analysis of clinical outcomes between hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 who received famotidine or pantoprazole
Authors: Wagner Justin J. , St. Cyr Nikolas , Douen Aaron , Fogel Joshua , Trillo John 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThere is limited research on the use of histamine‐H2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors for treating COVID‐19. We compare clinical outcomes between patients hospitalized with COVID‐19 receiving famotidine or pantoprazole.MethodsThis retrospective study included 2184 patients (famotidine: n = 638, pantoprazole: n = 727, nonuse: n = 819) aged 18 years or older treated for COVID‐19 from March 2020 to March 2021. Patients who received both famotidine and pantoprazole treatments were excluded. Multivariate logistic regression was used for the primary outcome, namely all‐cause mortality, and the secondary outcomes, namely mechanical ventilation, vasopressor use, acute kidney injury, and gastrointestinal bleeding. The main predictor variable was the use of famotidine or pantoprazole. Covariates were demographics, chronic diseases, and symptoms.ResultsAs compared to nonuse, famotidine (OR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.20–0.44, P < 0.001) and pantoprazole (OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.33–0.66, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with lower odds for all‐cause mortality. Comparison of famotidine and pantoprazole showed that the former had lower odds for all‐cause mortality (OR: 0.65, 95% CI:0.45–0.95, P < 0.05), mechanical ventilation (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.25–0.58, P < 0.001), vasopressor use (OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.22–0.48, P < 0.001), acute kidney injury (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.30–0.54, P < 0.001), and gastrointestinal bleeding (OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.29, P < 0.001).ConclusionsFamotidine is associated with lower odds for all‐cause mortality, mechanical ventilation, vasopressor use, acute kidney injury, and gastrointestinal bleeding as compared to pantoprazole in patients hospitalized with COVID‐19. We recommend that clinicians consider the use of famotidine over pantoprazole for hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. Future research with a clinical trial would be beneficial to further support such use of famotidine.
Official controls for the determination of lipophilic marine biotoxins in mussels farmed along the Adriatic coast of Central Italy
Authors: Annunziata Loredana , Aloia Rosaria , Scortichini Giampiero , Visciano Pierina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the present study, 334 samples of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) harvested along the coasts of the Central Adriatic Sea during the years 2020–2021 were analyzed for the presence of lipophilic marine biotoxins according to the European Harmonized Standard Operating Procedure. The results showed that 74 (22%) and 84 (25%) samples were positive to okadaic acid and yessotoxin groups, respectively. Among them, only 11 (3.3%) samples resulted as non‐compliant, as they exceeded the maximum limits (160 μg okadaic acid equivalent/kg) established by the Regulation (EC) 853/2004. The method applied in this study was able to detect and quantify lipophilic marine biotoxins concentrations, in order to monitor their presence in molluscs and avoid the risk of consumer exposure.
Deep convection, lightning activity and population impact over northwest Mexico: Coastal hotspots from 2009 to 2018
Authors: Farfán Luis M. , Brito‐Castillo Luis , López María Z. Flores , Cortés‐Ramos Jorge 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNorthwest Mexico (NWM) is an extensive region with a humid and unstable environment leading to atmospheric convection during the North American monsoon. Occasionally, extreme events are associated with severe weather, including deep convection, heavy rainfall and frequent lightning. Based on the period from July through September 2009–2018, the present study investigates general characteristics of convection. Geostationary satellites were used to document three‐dimensional cloud cover structures over the mainland, Gulf of California (GOC) and Baja California Peninsula (BCP). The convection developed over the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO) mountains with a distinct cloud top structure over the southern GOC. In contrast, reduced cloud cover was observed over the peninsula and eastern Pacific Ocean. An active (2014) and inactive (2010) season are examined in more detail; the former had a more favourable environmental setting to support above‐normal convection and rainfall with respect to the 10‐year average. A regional‐scale analysis of lightning was computed with data from a ground‐based sensor network, including date, time and location of more than 16 million records. Major findings include: (1) lightning enhancement occurred in conjunction with deep convection, west of the SMO from the afternoon through the evening, while the gulf entrance became a well‐defined hotspot close to the mainland coastal plains overnight; (2) most lightning‐related deaths were in specific areas near the coastal plains or within isolated regions of the SMO foothills; (3) high exposure is expected in areas with considerable lightning and population located within 100 km from the gulf coastline. These findings are valuable for monitoring monsoon thunderstorms and for improving the ability to provide timely warnings of severe weather.
Impact of N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide and related inflammatory biomarkers on periodontal treatment outcomes in patients with periodontitis: An explorative human randomized‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Isola Gaetano , Tartaglia Gianluca Martino , Santonocito Simona , Polizzi Alessandro , Williams Ray C. , Iorio‐Siciliano Vincenzo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundN‐terminal portion of the B‐type natriuretic propeptide (NT‐proBNP) has potentially been shown to play an important role in the development of periodontitis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study evaluated the efficacy of periodontal treatment on NT‐proBNP and related CVD biomarkers and explored whether subjects harboring high NT‐proBNP at baseline showed increased clinical benefits with the non‐surgical periodontal treatment performed with full‐mouth scaling and root planing (FM‐SRP) at 6‐month follow‐up.MethodsForty‐eight patients with stage III periodontitis were randomized to receive minimal standard oral care (SOC) (n = 24) or FM‐SRP (n = 24) protocol. Clinical periodontal parameters (probing depth, clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing), serum NT‐proBNP, α1‐antitrypsin, C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), endothelial cell‐specific molecule‐1 (ECM‐1), and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) concentrations were assessed at baseline and at 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐ month follow‐up.ResultsAt 6 months, FM‐SRP was more effective than SOC in reducing periodontal parameters and mean proportions of NT‐proBNP (p = 0.004), hs‐CRP (p = 0.003), α1‐antitrypsin (p = 0.012), ECM‐1 (p = 0.014), and NGAL (p = 0.045). At 6‐month follow‐up, the reduced NT‐proBNP, α1‐antitrypsin, hs‐CRP, ECM‐1, and NGAL levels were significantly correlated with the extent of periodontitis (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the analysis of variance analysis evidenced that, at 6‐month follow‐up, FM‐SRP significantly impacted the reduction of NT‐proBNP, hs‐CRP, ECM‐1, and NGAL. Moreover, high levels of NT‐proBNP, hs‐CRP, ECM‐1, and NGAL at baseline significantly influenced the efficacy of periodontal treatment positively.ConclusionIn this study, FM‐SRP was more effective than SOC in reducing clinical variables and NT‐proBNP levels, although subjects who harbored high NT‐proBNP concentrations at baseline showed greater clinical benefits of periodontal treatment at 6‐month follow‐up.
Targeting signaling pathways in osteosarcoma: Mechanisms and clinical studies
Authors: Ji Ziyu , Shen Jianlin , Lan Yujian , Yi Qian , Liu Huan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is a highly prevalent bone malignancy among adolescents, accounting for 40% of all primary malignant bone tumors. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with limb‐preserving surgery has effectively reduced patient disability and mortality, but pulmonary metastases and OS cells' resistance to chemotherapeutic agents are pressing challenges in the clinical management of OS. There has been an urgent need to identify new biomarkers for OS to develop specific targeted therapies. Recently, the continued advancements in genomic analysis have contributed to the identification of clinically significant molecular biomarkers for diagnosing OS, acting as therapeutic targets, and predicting prognosis. Additionally, the contemporary molecular classifications have revealed that the signaling pathways, including Wnt/β‐catenin, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT3, Hippo, Notch, PD‐1/PD‐L1, MAPK, and NF‐κB, have an integral role in OS onset, progression, metastasis, and treatment response. These molecular classifications and biological markers have created new avenues for more accurate OS diagnosis and relevant treatment. We herein present a review of the recent findings for the modulatory role of signaling pathways as possible biological markers and treatment targets for OS. This review also discusses current OS therapeutic approaches, including signaling pathway‐based therapies developed over the past decade. Additionally, the review covers the signaling targets involved in the curative effects of traditional Chinese medicines in the context of expression regulation of relevant genes and proteins through the signaling pathways to inhibit OS cell growth. These findings are expected to provide directions for integrating genomic, molecular, and clinical profiles to enhance OS diagnosis and treatment.
Greenland ice sheet rainfall climatology, extremes and atmospheric river rapids
Authors: Box Jason E. , Nielsen Kristian P. , Yang Xiaohua , Niwano Masashi , Wehrlé Adrien , van As Dirk , Fettweis Xavier , Køltzow Morten A. Ø. , Palmason Bolli , Fausto Robert S. , van den Broeke Michiel R. , Huai Baojuan , Ahlstrøm Andreas P. , Langley Kirsty , Dachauer Armin , Noël Brice 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGreenland rainfall has come into focus as a climate change indicator and from a variety of emerging cryospheric impacts. This study first evaluates rainfall in five state‐of‐the‐art numerical prediction systems (NPSs) (CARRA, ERA5, NHM‐SMAP, RACMO, MAR) using in situ rainfall data from two regions spanning from land onto the ice sheet. The new EU Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Arctic Regional ReAnalysis (CARRA), with a relatively fine (2.5 km) horizontal grid spacing and extensive within‐model‐domain observational initialization, has the lowest average bias and highest explained variance relative to the field data. ERA5 inland wet bias versus CARRA is consistent with the field data and other research and is presumably due to more ERA5 topographic smoothing. A CARRA climatology 1991–2021 has rainfall increasing by more than one‐third for the ice sheet and its peripheral ice masses. CARRA and in situ data illuminate extreme (above 300 mm per day) local rainfall episodes. A detailed examination CARRA data reveals the interplay of mass conservation that splits flow around southern Greenland and condensational buoyancy generation that maintains along‐flow updraft ‘rapids’ 2 km above sea level, which produce rain bands within an atmospheric river interacting with Greenland. CARRA resolves gravity wave oscillations that initiate as a result of buoyancy offshore, which then amplify from terrain‐forced uplift. In a detailed case study, CARRA resolves orographic intensification of rainfall by up to a factor of four, which is consistent with the field data.
Lateral dynamic response of single floating piles in saturated soil layer
Authors: Zheng Changjie , Ding Xuanming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA closed‐form formulation for the dynamic analysis of lateral response of floating piles in a saturated finite‐thickness soil layer is presented in this paper. Governing equations of the saturated soil are established on the basis of Biot's poroelastic theory, solution to which results in the lateral resistance of surrounding saturated soil to pile deflection. Closed‐form expressions of the lateral deformations of pile along depth and the dynamic compliances at pile head are obtained by solving a system of linear equations from the boundary and continuity conditions, instead of solving sophisticated integral equations in existing boundary integral methods. The parametric study focuses on exploring the sensitivity of pile compliances and deformations to the main problem parameters, including pile‐soil modulus ratio and soil permeability.
Modified space‐time radial basis function collocation method for long‐time simulation of transient heat conduction in3Danisotropic composite materials
Authors: Qiu Lin , Wang Fajie , Gu Yan , Qin Qing‐Hua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the standard and the localized space‐time radial basis function (RBF) collocation methods are modified and combined with the time‐marching scheme and space‐time domain decomposition technique for simulating the long‐time transient heat conduction in 3D anisotropic composite materials. In the proposed approaches, we set the source points outside the whole space‐time domain in the standard space‐time RBF collocation method or outside the established subdomain in the localized approach by introducing the space and time magnification factors, instead of distributing them inside the original domain. In addition, the space‐time regulating factor is defined and added to the conventional schemes to improve the stability of numerical methods. The modified approaches are resulted in a simple and effective time‐marching process which can achieve long‐time simulation, resting on the property that the coefficient matrices generated by these two methods are only related to the space‐time distance between the collocation points and source points. Our ultimate aim is to develop a computing system for resolving dynamic problems in composite materials by designing a space‐time domain decomposition technique. Numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency and stability of the presented methodologies.
Human and camelid paleodiets in El Bolsón valley (NW Argentina): A stable isotope approach
Authors: Neveu Collado Camila , Killian Galván Violeta Anahí , Mondini Mariana , Korstanje María Alejandra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis exploratory study aims at reconstructing human paleodiets and that of camelids—their staple animal resource—in El Bolsón, an Andean valley in Catamarca Province, NW Argentina, as a way of exploring variations in the strategies and patterns of food procurement, production, preparation, and consumption by local agricultural‐pastoralist societies over the last 1500 years. We present the first systematically obtained data on carbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) isotopic relationships as measured on camelid and human bone collagen. They come from five camelid individuals from Los Viscos archaeological site, dating to the last 1200 years, and from six human individuals from archaeological rescues and isolated finds bracketed between at least ca. 1300 cal CE and ca. 500 cal CE, as no other human samples are available in the study area. The results suggest that camelids consumed predominantly locally available C3 pastures, while the human paleodiet was primarily based on C4 plants, with camelid protein not being central to it. Here, we discuss how local productive strategies would have played a part in the selective diet of the human inhabitants and interpret this picture in the context of the larger area comprising the Andean valleys of NW Argentina.