bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of periodic mechanical stress on cytoskeleton dependent lipid raft-induced integrin ɑ1 activation in rat nucleus pulposus cells
Authors: Gao Gongming , Ren Kewei , Chen Liang , Li Xinru , Li Zitong , Liu Yang , Ouyang Chenxi , Wang Hao , Nong Luming , Xie Hua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) production and nucleus pulposus (NP) cell migration increase under periodic mechanical stress (PMS), but the underpinning regulatory mechanism remains unclear. This work aimed to examine the regulatory effects of cytoskeleton-lipid raft-integrin α1 signaling in NP cells exposed to PMS. Briefly, In NP cells, cytoskeleton rearrangement, lipid raft aggregation and integrin α1 expression in the stress and control groups were assessed by immunofluorescent staining and immunoblot. In addition, cell migration and ECM gene expression were detected by a scratch test and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‑PCR), respectively. As a result, PMS up-regulated ECM gene expression and enhanced NP cell migration (both P < 0.05), accompanied by increased integrin α1, lipid raft, caveolin-3, F-actin and β-tubulin amounts. Pretreatment with the lipid raft inhibitor methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) or small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting caveolin-3 resulted in decreased ECM mRNA synthesis and cell migration induced by PMS (both P < 0.05); meanwhile, integrin α1 expression was also reduced. F-actin and β-tubulin inhibition by cytochalasin D and colchicine, respectively, not only reduced ECM mRNA synthesis and cell migration (both P < 0.05), but also disrupted lipid raft and caveolin-3 amount increases induced by PMS in NP cells. In conclusion, PMS promotes ECM mRNA up-regulation and cell migration through the cytoskeleton-lipid raft-integrin α1 signaling pathway, inhibiting cytoskeleton and lipid rafts could block the cellular effects.
Prediction model for milk transfer of drugs by primarily evaluating the area under the curve using QSAR/QSPR
Authors: Maeshima Tae , Yoshida Shin , Watanabe Machiko , Itagaki Fumio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Information on milk transferability of drugs is important for patients who wish to breastfeed. The purpose of this study is to develop a prediction model for milk-to-plasma drug concentration ratio based on area under the curve (M/PAUC). The quantitative structure–activity/property relationship (QSAR/QSPR) approach was used to predict compounds involved in active transport during milk transfer.

Methods
We collected M/P ratio data from literature, which were curated and divided into M/PAUC ≥ 1 and M/PAUC < 1. Using the ADMET Predictor® and ADMET Modeler™, we constructed two types of binary classification models: an artificial neural network (ANN) and a support vector machine (SVM).

Results
M/P ratios of 403 compounds were collected, M/PAUC data were obtained for 173 compounds, while 230 compounds only had M/Pnon-AUC values reported. The models were constructed using 129 of the 173 compounds, excluding colostrum data. The sensitivity of the ANN model was 0.969 for the training set and 0.833 for the test set, while the sensitivity of the SVM model was 0.971 for the training set and 0.667 for the test set. The contribution of the charge-based descriptor was high in both models.

Conclusions
We built a M/PAUC prediction model using QSAR/QSPR. These predictive models can play an auxiliary role in evaluating the milk transferability of drugs.
An Axiomatic System for Concessive Conditionals
Authors: Raidl Eric , Iacona Andrea , Crupi Vincenzo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAccording to the analysis of concessive conditionals suggested by Crupi and Iacona, a concessive conditional $$p{{\,\mathrm{\hookrightarrow }\,}}q$$

p

↪

q

is adequately formalized as a conjunction of conditionals. This paper presents a sound and complete axiomatic system for concessive conditionals so understood. The soundness and completeness proofs that will be provided rely on a method that has been employed by Raidl, Iacona, and Crupi to prove the soundness and completeness of an analogous system for evidential conditionals.
The comparison of polymorphism among Avena species revealed by retrotransposon-based DNA markers and soluble carbohydrates in seeds
Authors: Androsiuk Piotr , Milarska Sylwia Eryka , Dulska Justyna , Kellmann-Sopyła Wioleta , Szablińska-Piernik Joanna , Lahuta Lesław Bernard 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHere, we compared the polymorphism among 13 Avena species revealed by the iPBS markers and soluble carbohydrate profiles in seeds. The application of seven iPBS markers generated 83 bands, out of which 20.5% were polymorphic. No species-specific bands were scored. Shannon’s information index (I) and expected heterozygosity (He) revealed low genetic diversity, with the highest values observed for A. nuda (I = 0.099; He = 0.068). UPGMA clustering of studied Avena accessions and PCoA results showed that the polyploidy level is the main grouping criterion. High-resolution gas chromatography revealed that the studied Avena accessions share the same composition of soluble carbohydrates, but significant differences in the content of total (5.30–22.38 mg g−1 of dry weight) and particular sugars among studied samples were observed. Sucrose appeared as the most abundant sugar (mean 61.52% of total soluble carbohydrates), followed by raffinose family oligosaccharides (31.23%), myo-inositol and its galactosides (6.16%), and monosaccharides (1.09%). The pattern of interspecific variation in soluble carbohydrates, showed by PCA, was convergent to that revealed by iPBS markers. Thus, both methods appeared as a source of valuable data useful in the characterization of Avena resources or in the discussion on the evolution of this genus.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Autistic Adults: a Scoping Review
Authors: Scheeren Anke M. , Crane Laura , Heyworth Melanie , Pellicano Elizabeth 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose of Review

The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated restrictions have had a significant impact on people’s everyday lives, including the lives of Autistic adults. We aimed to (a) synthesise all papers currently published on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on autistic adults and (b) identify lessons for the care and support of Autistic adults in pandemic and post-pandemic times.

Recent Findings
Fifty-five papers met the inclusion criteria. Most studies focused on the pandemic’s impact on the wellbeing of Autistic adults. Several studies focused on the use of (telehealth) services or the risk of COVID-19 infection/hospitalisation.

Summary
Autistic adults were significantly impacted by the pandemic, both directly as indicated by higher COVID-19 infection and hospitalisation rates, but also indirectly due to severe service disruptions and social restrictions. Even though there were large differences observed both between as well as within individuals in terms of the negative/positive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, most studies reported a negative effect on Autistic adults’ mental health. We draw several lessons from this review for the future care and support of Autistic adults, all of which must be underpinned by participatory research methods, that is, where Autistic community members are actively involved in setting research questions, testing the acceptability of the methods and interpreting and disseminating the results.
A taxonomy of European innovation clubs
Authors: Wirkierman Ariel L. , Ciarli Tommaso , Savona Maria 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe paper provides a novel, empirically grounded map of innovation ‘clubs’ in the EU, based on a unique analysis of micro-aggregated, country-level data. Using exploratory factor analysis we articulate innovation variables in a taxonomy of four ‘latent’ innovation theories: Network-Innovation-System, Kaldorian, New-Growth-Theory, and Schumpeterian. We then characterise clusters of countries (‘clubs’), based on their performance against this taxonomy, and design a new map of EU innovation clubs. We identify an articulated map of EU innovation hierarchy beyond the rather well-known ‘core-periphery’ structure, and interpret how some of the peripheries are functional to the ‘consolidated core’ of innovative countries, raising an issue of long-term sustainability of such hierarchies. We also find that even the most innovative clusters show concerning weaknesses. The strongest cluster in terms of its innovation system does not seem to exploit its full potential and lags behind with respect to radical product innovations. Instead, the leading cluster in terms of radical product innovations is strongly dependent on external innovative activity, is focused on scale-intensive sectors, and has a fairly weak innovation system. The periphery of small countries that show a healthy network structure, do so because they mainly include supplier-dominated firms, reliant on innovation inputs from the core. We offer some reflections on innovation policy within a broader view of EU cohesion.
A social-status rationale for repugnant market transactions
Authors: Harless Patrick , Pancs Romans 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIndividuals often deem market transactions in sex, human organs and surrogacy, among others, repugnant. Repugnance norms can be explained by appealing to social-status concerns. We study an exchange economy in which agents abhor consumption dominance: one’s social status is compromised if one consumes less of every good than someone else does. Dominance may be forestalled by partitioning goods into submarkets and then invoking the repugnance norms that proscribe trade across these submarkets. Dominance may also be forestalled if individuals strategically ‘overconsume’ some goods, interpreted as emergent status goods. When equilibria are multiple, there is scope for welfare-enhancing policies that coordinate on status goods.
The development of Hebrew zero and pronominal subject realization in the context of first and second person
Authors: DATTNER Elitzur , RAVID Dorit 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe study investigates the acquisition of Hebrew zero and pronominal subjects in the context of first and second person. We provide distributional evidence relative to verb tense, number, person, and conversational utterance type, in a peer-talk corpus (2;0-8;0 years). Findings show that acquisition starts early on, that verb inflectional morphology is crucial for the development of pronominal subjects, and that communicative contexts affect subject realization. Zero and pronominal subjects are not evenly distributed relative to the study variables, and cannot be treated as an alternation. A cluster analysis shows that each realization is linked to a distinguishable usage pattern, corresponding with particular discursive and communicative functions. These are defined as three Discourse Profile Constructions: (A) “calling for action” by 1st.Pl.Fut zero subjects (3;0 year olds); (B) “commenting on the interlocutor’s actions” by 2nd.Sg.Past zero subjects (ages 4;0-6;0); and (C) “planning one’s own actions” by 1st.Sg.Fut pronominal subjects (7;0-8;0 year olds).
Measurement Invariance of the Resistance to Peer Influence Scale Across Culture and Gender
Authors: Xiao Bowen , Xie Xiaolong , Chen Wanfen , Law Danielle , Onditi Hezron , Liu Junsheng , Shapka Jennifer 
Published: January 2023

Abstract: The current study aimed to test for measurement invariance of the Resistance to Peer Influence scale across samples of Chinese, Canadian, and Tanzanian. Participants included N = 3,771 students from four public schools in China ( N = 2,073, Mage = 16.36 years, SD = 1.14 years; 925 boys), from sixteen public schools in Canada ( N = 642, Mage = 12.13 years, SD = 0.78 years; 321 boys), and from four public schools in Tanzanian ( N = 1,056, Mage = 15.87 years, SD = 2.02 years; 558 boys). Students provided self-reports of resistance to peer influence. The results from multigroup confirmatory factor analysis and the alignment optimization method demonstrated that configural, metric, and partial scalar invariances of resistance to peer influence held across gender and all three countries. Chinese boys had the highest factor mean levels and Canadian boys had the lowest. The findings help us understand peer influence resistance across cultures and genders.
Fingerprinting Kinetic Isotope Effects and Diagenetic Exchange Reactions Using Fluid Inclusion and Dual‐Clumped Isotope Analysis
Authors: Staudigel P. , Davies A. J. , Bernecker M. , Tagliavento M. , van der Lubbe H. J. L. , Nooitgedacht C. , Looser N. , Bernasconi S. M. , Vonhof H. , Price G. , Fiebig J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGeochemical analyses of carbonate minerals yield multiple parameters which can be used to estimate the temperature and water composition at which they formed. Analysis of fluid trapped in minerals is a potentially powerful tool to reconstruct paleotemperatures as well as diagenetic and hydrothermal processes, as these could represent the parent fluid. Internal fluids play important roles during the alteration of carbonate fossils, lowering energetic barriers associated with resetting of clumped isotopes, as well as mediating the transport of elements during diagenesis. Here, we explore the behavior of the ∆47–∆48 “dual‐clumped” isotope thermometer during fluid‐carbonate interaction and demonstrate that it is highly sensitive to the water/carbonate ratio, behaving as a linear system in “rock buffered” alteration, and as a decoupled system in water‐dominated systems due to non‐linear mixing effects in ∆48. Dry heating experiments show that the extrapolated “heated” end‐member is indistinguishable from the predicted ∆47 and ∆48 value expected for the experimental temperature. Furthermore, we evaluate two common laboratory sampling methods for their ability to thermally alter samples. We find that the temperature of the commonly used crushing cells used to vapourize water for fluid inclusion δ18O analyses is insufficient to cause fluid‐carbonate oxygen isotope exchange, demonstrating its suitability for analyses of fluid inclusions in carbonates. We also find that belemnites sampled with a hand‐drill yield significantly warmer paleotemperatures than those sampled with mortar and pestle. We conclude that thermally‐driven internal fluid‐carbonate exchange occurs indistinguishably from isotopic equilibrium, limited by the extent to which internal water and carbonate can react.
Modeling the Expansion Speed of Foreshock Bubbles
Authors: Liu Terry Z. , Vu Andrew , Zhang Hui , An Xin , Angelopoulos Vassilis 
Published: January 2023

AbstractForeshock transients, including hot flow anomalies (HFAs) and foreshock bubbles (FBs), are frequently observed in the ion foreshock. Their significant dynamic pressure perturbations can disturb the bow shock, resulting in disturbances in the magnetosphere and ionosphere. They can also contribute to particle acceleration at their parent bow shock. These disturbances and particle acceleration caused by the foreshock transients are not yet predictable, however. In this study, we take the first step in establishing a first‐order predictive expansion speed model for FBs (which are simpler than HFAs). Starting with energy conversion from foreshock ions to solar wind ions, we derive the FB expansion speed in the FB's early formation stage and late expansion stage as a function of foreshock and solar wind parameters. We use local hybrid simulations with varying parameters to fit and improve the early stage model and 1D particle‐in‐cell simulations to test the late‐stage model. By comparing model results with Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) observations, we adjust the late‐stage model and show that it can predict the FB expansion speed. Our study provides a foundation for predictive models of foreshock transient formation and expansion, so that we can eventually forecast their space weather effects and particle acceleration at shocks.
Formation of Ultra‐Depleted Mantle Peridotites and Their Relationship With Boninitic Melts: An Example From the Kamuikotan Unit, Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Nishio I. , Morishita T. , Tamura A. , Itano K. , Takamizawa S. , Ichiyama Y. , Arai S. , Barrett N. , Szilas K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe extent of partial melting of peridotites is a function of temperature, pressure, and fluid supply. Understanding the petrogenesis of ultra‐depleted peridotites is important for elucidating mantle potential temperature and the role of water in the mantle. We analyzed the major and trace element compositions of ultra‐depleted peridotites from the Kamuikotan zone, Japan. Geochemical models were then generated to constrain the melting conditions and their relation to boninitic melts. The peridotites are characterized by minerals with high Mg/Fe and Cr/Al ratios, and olivine and orthopyroxene with low Ti and Y contents. The mineral compositions suggest that these peridotites are among the most depleted peridotites on Earth. Orthopyroxene compositions characterized by Zr and Sr enrichments relative to Ti and Y depletion cannot be solely explained by melt extraction from typical mantle compositions. Modeling of influx melting reproduces orthopyroxene trace element compositions of ultra‐depleted harzburgites formed after high degrees (>30%) of slab‐fluid influx melting at a low influx rate and melt fraction. The instantaneous fractional melts equilibrated with residues produced by the melting model and the melts, which equilibrated with amphiboles have similar trace elements patterns as boninites. However, the instantaneous fractional melts have low trace element abundances indicating that ultra‐depleted harzburgites are residues after extraction of refractory melts. Boninites are probably accumulated melts formed during the melting processes, or fractionated melt from the instantaneous fractional melts. High temperatures (>1350°C) and continuous fluid supply are key to the formation of ultra‐depleted peridotites and boninites during subduction initiation.
Interplay Between Friction and Cohesion: A Spectrum of Retrogressive Slope Failure
Authors: Wang Bin , Wang Di , Hicks Michael A. , Feng Xia‐Ting 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRetrogressive failures occur in slopes consisting of sensitive materials such as snow or quick clay. They can be triggered by a small disturbance at the slope toe, but can cause propagated failure spreading miles away. Understanding the physical mechanism and predicting the retrogressive failure process are particularly important. Previous studies have discussed the failure criteria, the soil properties or the method of numerical modeling of retrogressive slope failure. However, little attention has been paid to the microscopic failure mechanism, especially relating to various possible failure patterns. In this study, multiscale modeling is incorporated to study the physical mechanism of different retrogressive failure patterns, including earth flow, flowslide and spread failure, within a unified framework. Utilizing multiscale analysis, we found that earth flow failure is related to the shear failure of granular materials. In contrast, the development of macroscopic shear bands is accompanied by tensile failure. As shear and tension failures are typical failure mechanisms of frictional and cohesive materials, it is deduced that friction and cohesion effects play key roles in different retrogressive failure patterns. Therefore, the distributions of attractive and repulsive contact forces are explored and a novel parameter η is proposed to quantify the interplay between friction and cohesion. Further analysis proves that η can capture the effect of friction and cohesion and distinguish different retrogressive failure patterns. Finally, a spectrum of retrogressive failures for a granular slope is established, in which the failure mechanism is explained by the changeable dominant effect, that is, frictional or cohesive in soil.
Genesis of the Gulf Stream Subseasonal Variability in the Florida Straits
Authors: Pujiana Kandaga , Volkov Denis L. , Dong Shenfu , Goni Gustavo , Baringer Molly , Smith Ryan H. , Garcia Rigoberto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe properties and generation mechanisms of the Florida Current on the subseasonal timescale (20–100 days) are evaluated from in‐situ and satellite observations. The Florida Current volume transport estimates from submarine cable measurements reveal that subseasonal variability accounts for 37% of the total transport variance and is most variable from September to November. Here we show that coastal‐trapped waves are the primary driver of the subseasonal variability in the Florida Current transport. The role of local winds and open ocean signals is of secondary importance. The alongshore wind component of the anomalous North Atlantic subtropical anticyclone generates the subseasonal coastal‐trapped waves off the northern South Atlantic Bight coast. The subseasonal coastal‐trapped waves propagate from Cape May to Apalachicola, behaving as Kelvin waves in the Florida Straits and as continental shelf waves along the rest of the waveguide. They affect the Florida Current transport by up to 2.6 Sv, on average. As the subseasonal waves propagate into the Gulf of Mexico, their energy substantially dissipates. The wave amplitude at Port Canaveral of up to 15 cm is three times higher than at Apalachicola. Concurrent subseasonal changes of the meridional overturning circulation in the subtropical North Atlantic are discussed.
Fast Ice Thickness Distribution in the Western Ross Sea in Late Spring
Authors: Langhorne P. J. , Haas C. , Price D. , Rack W. , Leonard G. H. , Brett G. M. , Urbini S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe present a 700 km airborne electromagnetic survey of late‐spring fast ice and sub‐ice platelet layer (SIPL) thickness distributions from McMurdo Sound to Cape Adare, providing a first‐time inventory of fast ice thickness close to its annual maximum. The overall mode of the consolidated ice (including snow) thickness was 1.9 m, less than its mean of 2.6 ± 1.0 m. Our survey was partitioned into level and rough ice, and SIPL thickness was estimated under level ice. Although level ice, with a mode of 2.0 m and mean of 2.0 ± 0.6 m, was prevalent, rough ice occupied 41% of the transect by length, 50% by volume, and had a mode of 3.3 m and mean of 3.2 ± 1.2 m. The thickest 10% of rough ice was almost 6 m on average, inclusive of a 2 km segment thicker than 8 m in Moubray Bay. The thickest ice occurred predominantly along the northwestern Ross Sea, due to compaction against the coast. The adjacent pack ice was thinner (by ∼1 m) than the first‐year fast ice. In Silverfish Bay, offshore Hells Gate Ice Shelf, New Harbor, and Granite Harbor, the SIPL transect volume was a significant fraction (0.30) of the consolidated ice volume. The thickest 10% of SIPLs averaged nearly 3 m thick, and near Hells Gate Ice Shelf the SIPL was almost 10 m thick, implying vigorous heat loss to the ocean (∼90 W m−2). We conclude that polynya‐induced ice deformation and interaction with continental ice influence fast ice thickness in the western Ross Sea.