bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypericum alpestre extract exhibits in vitro and in vivo anticancer properties by regulating the cellular antioxidant system and metabolic pathway of L-arginine
Authors: Ginovyan Mikayel , Javrushyan Hayarpi , Karapetyan Hasmik , Koss-Mikołajczyk Izabela , Kusznierewicz Barbara , Grigoryan Anna , Maloyan Alina , Bartoszek Agnieszka , Avtandilyan Nikolay 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Conventional treatment methods are not effective enough to fight the rapid increase in cancer cases. The interest is increasing in the investigation of herbal sources for the development of new anticancer therapeutics. Particularly, much attention is given to finding combined phytochemical/chemotherapeutic treatment models to overcome drug resistance and decrease side effects.
Aim of the study: The aim was to investigate the antitumor capacity of Hypericum alpestre herb extract in vitro and in vivo, either alone or combined with the inhibitors of the L-arginine/polyamine/nitric oxide pathway and characterize its active phytochemicals using advanced chromatographic techniques.
Methods: The antioxidant capacity of H. alpestre extract was assessed through chemical spectrophotometric tests (DPPH and ABTS) and in biological systems using Cellular Antioxidant Activity assay. The inhibitory effect of H. alpestre extract on the growth of human colorectal (HT29) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell cultures was explored by the MTT test. The genotoxicity of the tested extract was studied using a comet assay. In vivo, the antitumor properties of H. alpestre and its combinations were explored in a rat mammary gland carcinogenesis model induced by subcutaneous injection of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. The polyphenolic substances present in H. alpestre extract have been characterized using the LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS system.
Results: The H. alpestre extract expressed promising antiproliferative effects on MCF-7 and HT29 cells. The extract did not exhibit genotoxic activity nor possessed antigenotoxic properties. The in vivo rat mammary carcinogenesis model data showed that the H. alpestre extract stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver, brain, and tumors of rats in the experimental groups, demonstrating its antioxidant protective effects. The herb alone and in combination with Nω-OH-nor-L-arginine and Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester exhibited pro-/antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic, and cytotoxic effects.
Conclusion: H. alpestre extract alone and combined with L-arginine metabolic regulatory compounds, demonstrates significant potential for the development of novel therapeutic models.
Differences in Stage and Age Breast Cancer Patients among Urban and Rural in West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Rima Semiarty , Rosfita Rasyid , Daan Khambri , Kurniati Hamzah Prima , Annisa Wahyuni 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Breast cancer is the top ten contributor to death in women. The study objective is to compare the survival times of breast cancer patients living in urban and rural areas and identify related determinant factors. A retrospective cohort design was used with 132 patients diagnosed by doctors and laboratory anatomical pathology. Kaplan-Meier model was used to compare survival rates in urban and rural areas, and log-rank was performed to identify related risk factors. The average breast cancer survival time was 20.78 months. Urban areas had a shorter survival rate compared to rural. Breast cancer is influenced by stage and age. The dominant factor influencing survival rates in both rural and urban areas is age, particularly among older women in rural regions who tend to experience higher survival rates, and staging was also significant (p-value < 0,000). Survival in villages is higher than in urban areas influenced by original cultural values and customs. Living a good and simple life supports the formation of good psychology to extend the life expectancy of people with breast cancer.
GSR Mediates Cisplatin Resistance in Oral Cancer by Protecting Mitochondria
Authors: Zhang Wanlin , Li Yicun , Shen Yuehong , Zhang Wei , Chen Gang , Yang Hongyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The existing cisplatin chemotherapy treatment for recurrent or metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma (R/M OSCC) has been the conventional treatment, and it is also a relatively effective treatment method to improve the survival rate of patients. However, due to the resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy, the treatment effect is poor. So far, the causes of chemotherapy resistance of tumor cells and the potential targets to overcome chemotherapy resistance remain unclear.
Methods
Based on CRISPR/Cas9 library high-throughput screening technology, small guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting candidate genes (coding and non-coding genes) were enriched to find target candidate genes. The complete process includes the following main steps: lentivirus library construction, library virus infected cells, cell experimental screening, genomic DNA extraction and amplification of sgRNA fragments, high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Subsequently, a series of phenotypic verification of candidate genes and the molecular mechanism behind the phenotype were explored, so as to find molecular targets that can effectively overcome cisplatin resistance in R/M OSCC.
Results
We found that GSR gene can cause cisplatin resistance in OSCC cells. The database showed no difference in the expression of GSR in head and neck cancer patients and normal people, but there was a difference between patients who were sensitive to cisplatin chemotherapy and those who were resistant to cisplatin, with higher expression in patients who were resistant to chemotherapy. Compared with tumor cells with GSR gene knocked out, under the same concentration of cisplatin, tumor cells without GSR gene knocked out can activate endoplasmic reticulum stress to relieve the pressure brought by cisplatin, thereby protecting intracellular mitochondria from damage and leading to cisplatin resistance.
Conclusion
These results suggest that GSR gene is a key gene that regulates and drives cisplatin chemotherapy resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma, and at the same time provides a screening and analysis strategy for studying OSCC cisplatin chemotherapy resistance.
Electrocatalytic degradation of phenolic wastewater by the coupled zero-gap flow-through reactor with a 3D Ti/RuO2 -TiO2 @Pt electrode
Authors: Zhu Yunqing , Wen Kaiyue , Li Bingqing , Hao Yirong , Zhou Jianjun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, the performance of the zero-gap flow-through reactor with 3D porous Ti/RuO2-TiO2@Pt anodes was systematically investigated for the electrocatalytic oxidation of phenolic wastewater, considering phenol and 4-nitrophenol(4-NP) as the target pollutants. The optimum parameters for the electrochemical oxidation of phenol and 4-NP were examined. For phenol degradation, at the initial concentration of 50mg·L− 1, initial pH at 7, NaCl concentration of 10.0 g·L− 1, current density of 10 mA·cm− 2 and retention time of 30 min, the degradation efficiency achieved 95.05% with energy consumption of 15.39 kWh·kg− 1, meanwhile for 4-NP, the degradation efficiency was 98.42% and the energy consumption is 19.21 kWh·kg− 1 (at the initial concentration of 40mg·L− 1, initial pH at 3, NaCl concentration of 10.0 g·L− 1, current density of 10 mA·cm− 2 and retention time of 30min). The electrocatalytic oxidation of phenol and 4-NP are conformed to the pseudo-first-order kinetics model, and the k-values were 0.2562 min − 1, 0.2075 min − 1, respectively, which were 2 or 3.6 times higher than that of conventional electrolyzer. LC-MS was used to verify the intermediates formed during the degradation of phenol or 4-NP and a possible degradation pathways was provided. The extremely narrow electrode distance and the flow-through configuration of the zero-gap flow-through reactor were thought to be essential for the lower energy consumption and higher mass transfer efficiency. The zero-gap flow-through reactor with a novel 3D porous Ti/RuO2-TiO2@Pt electrode should be a superior alternative for the treatment of industrial wastewater.
CFRP Strengthening of Web Perforated CFS Lipped Channel Short Columns: An Experimental Study
Authors: S Vivek K , R Baskar , B Asha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Axial compression tests on cold-formed steel (CFS) web perforated lipped channels strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) were reported in this paper. The primary aim of this study was to experimentally investigate the influence of CFRP strengthening on the stability, axial strength and stiffness of the CFS web perforated lipped channel short columns (of 600 mm length) subjected to monotonic axial compression. A total of 20specimens provided with circular perforation at the mid-height and at centre of the web, were tested by adopting different CFRP skin-strengthening configurations. Both uni-directional CFRP (CF_UD) and bi-directional CFRP (CF_BD) laminates were considered. The axial behaviour of the specimens was evaluated in terms of failure mode, peak axial strength and the axial load-deformation response. All the test specimens reported in this study failed due to local-distortional interactive buckling at the location of web perforation. A significant improvement in the axial capacity along with delayed failure was noted in certain CFRP strengthening configurations resulting in an enhanced structural performance. The structural response of specimens with different CFRP strengthening configurations was explained in detail. Finally, it was concluded that use of CF_UD and CF_ UD / BD were found to be more beneficial for the cases of single and double layer of CFRP respectively.
Whole Body Computed Tomography for trauma patients in shock: a single centre, propensity score matched retrospective cohort study in a Swiss tertiary trauma centre
Authors: Hanzalova Ivana , Bourgeat Mylène , Demartines Nicolas , Ageron François-Xavier , Zingg Tobias 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:Trauma is one of the leading causes of death or long-term disability. The ATLS (Advanced Trauma Life Support) approach is generally accepted as the standard of care for the initial management of severely injured patients. While WBCT (Whole Body Computed Tomography) is still considered as contraindicated in haemodynamically unstable trauma patients, there is a growing amount of data indicating the absence of harm from cross sectional imaging in this patient group. Our study aimed to compare the mortality of unstable trauma patients undergoing a WBCT during the initial workup with those who did not.Methods:Single-centre retrospective observational study based on the local trauma registry from January 2008 to June 2020. We compared the 24-hour mortality of injured patients in circulatory shock undergoing WBCT with a control group undergoing standard workup only. Shock was defined as the simultaneous presence of a systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg, Lactate>2.2 mmol/l and Base Excess <-2 mmol/l at admission. To control for confounding, a propensity score matched analysis with conditional logistic regression for adjustment of residual confounders and a sensitivity analysis using inverse probability weighting (IPW) with and without adjustment were performed.Results:Of the 161 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria, 132 underwent WBCT and 29 standard work-up only. In crude and matched analyses, no difference in early (24 hours) mortality was observed (WBCT, 23 (17.4%) and no-WBCT, 8 (27.6%); p=0.21). After matching and adjustment for main confounders, the odds ratio for the event of death at 24 hours in the WBCT group was 0.36 (95% CI 0.07-1.73); p=0.20.Conclusions:In the present study,WBCT did not increase the risk of death at 24 hours among injured patients in shock.This adds to the growing data indicating that WBCT may be offered to trauma patients in circulatory shock without jeopardizing early survival.
Classification of minimal blocking sets in PG(2, 9)
Authors: Botteldoorn Arne , Coolsaet Kris , Fack Veerle 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A full classification (up to equivalence) of all minimal blocking sets in PG(2, 9) was obtained by computer. The resulting numbers of minimal blocking sets are tabulated according to size of the set and order of the automorphism group. For the minimal blocking sets with the larger automorphism groups explicit (geometric) descriptions are given. Some of these results can also be generalised to Desarguesian projective planes of higher order. We also give a complete list of all blocking semiovals in PG(2, 9) (up to equivalence).
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020). 51E21, 51-04.
Dynamical relationship between Indian summer monsoon rainfall and South Asian High in seasonal coupled models
Authors: Sripa G , Ramu Dandi A. , Saikrishna T.S. , Osuri Krishna Kishore , Rao A.S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The present study aims to understand the dynamical linkage between Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) and South Asian High (SAH) in four seasonal models (CANCM4, NEMO, CANSIP, and CFSv2) initialized with May conditions for 1982–2016. Observational analyses indicate that the northwest-southeast (INW−SE) index of SAH is strongly correlated (~ 0.62) with ISMR whereas the east-west (IEW) index is negatively correlated (~-0.57). All the models reasonably capture the relation between ISMR and the INW−SE/IEW indices with a slightly varying correlation. The positively regressed rainfall anomalies are (90%) significant during INW−SE years and attributed to the strong cold sea surface temperature anomalies over the equatorial eastern Pacific (i.e., La Niña) and positive vorticity associated with the strong cyclonic circulation over monsoon region. Similarly, significant negative rainfall anomalies are identified during IEW years, strongly associated with El Niño patterns in the eastern Pacific and negative vorticity anomalies over monsoon region. The CANCM4, NEMO, and CANSIP models show strong positive (negative) regressed rainfall anomalies over India in INW−SE (IEW) years, unlike the CFSv2 and observations and mainly due to strong linkage with El Niño and the Indian Ocean Dipole in the models. Overall, the high resolution CFSv2 performs better than the other models for mean rainfall and teleconnections between ISMR and SAH. Of the three models, the CANCM4 performs better in capturing dynamic circulations such as vorticity, velocity potential, stream function etc. The study highlights the seasonal model’s ability to capture the linkage of ISMR and SAH indices and helps understand rainfall variability.
The composition and phenology of butterflies is determined by their functional trait in Indian tropical dry forests
Authors: MAHATA ANIRBAN , NAIK AYUSMITA , PALITA SHARAT KUMAR 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To understand the effects of local landscape factors on functional species composition and phenology of butterflies across multiple spatial scales, a study was carried out in a tropical dry forest of the northern highlands of the Eastern Ghats of India from November 2016 to October 2017. A total of 3343 individuals of butterflies were recorded, including 88 species of butterflies under 62 genera, 18 subfamilies, and 6 families in three different forest types (open, riparian, dense). Butterfly species richness showed no significant deviations, but diversity patterns varied across transects. Beta diversity indicated differences in common species populations, likely due to uneven resource distribution in study site forests. The contribution of β transect to gamma diversity was greater than that of β elevation, except for specialists. Specialists were favoured by landscape attributes over forest type. Butterfly abundance peaks in April for open and dense forests, and May for riparian forests. Results show variation in seasonal patterns across different forest types (F = 15.92, P < 0.001). Generalists and versatilists are more prevalent in April and February, while specialists are more abundant from October to November. Relative humidity, shrub density, and temperature were the major contributors (40.2%) for richness whereas relative humidity and shrub density contributed 26.3% for abundance. The relative humidity was predominant over temperature for species richness and is a major predictor for assemblages of generalist species. Resource utilization based on elevation plays an important role for habitat specialist species and highlights the importance of the spatial levels of elevation zones in conservation planning.
Feeding longsnout seahorse Hippocampus reidi broodstock at different frequencies influences production of eggs and quality of the offspring
Authors: CASTRO Jorgelia de Jesus Pinto , CARVALHO Cristina Vaz Avelar , PASSINI Gabriel , LEHRBACK Bethânia Dal Col , SILVA Cesar Alexandro , NETO Renato Rodrigues , HORA Maik dos Santos Cividanes , TSUZUKI Mônica Yumi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This study determined the optimum feeding frequency for Hippocampus reidi breeders by evaluating their zootechnical and reproductive parameters, the quality of the larvae (resistance to starvation), and the fatty acid profile of oocytes. Twelve breeding couples (aprox. 27g; 18 cm per individual) were fed daily with enriched caridean shrimp Palaemon sp. until apparent satiation during 101 days. Four feeding frequencies were tested in triplicate: one (F1), two (F2), three (F3) and four (F4) feedings per day. Breeders from both sexes fed just once a day had lower weight gain and specific growth rates than the other treatments (P<0.05). Newly born larvae weight and size values (2.06 ± 0.11 mg; 7.9 ± 0.06 mm) from couples in F3 and F4 treatments were higher than in the couples receiving one or two daily feedings (1.62 ± 0.17 mg; 6.7 ± 0.05 mm). Number of larvae per parturition in F3 and F4 (928.5) was almost double the number of larvae in F1 and F2. The longest time of larvae resistance to food deprivation was observed in F3 and F4, where 100% of mortality occurred in 96 hours. A higher concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was observed in F4 than in the other treatments. It is therefore recommended that when H. reidi breeders are fed enriched shrimp, three to four daily times per day feedings should be offered to obtain the best zootechnical performance of them, and the highest quality and quantity of larvae produced.
Biological and histological changes and DNA damage in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to Oxytetracycline: a potential amelioratory role of Ascorbic acid
Authors: Abu-Zahra Nagwa I.S. , Atia Ayman A. , Elseify Mohamed M. , Soliman Shireen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Antibiotics are crucial in the control of bacterial infections on fish farms. However, the influence of licensed antibiotics on DNA damage, histological changes, and protein differentiation in some farmed fish species is unidentified. The current study investigated the effect of therapeutic (80 mg/kg body weight/day) and high doses (160 mg/kg body weight /day) of oxytetracycline (OTC) on some biological indices, protein differentiation, histological changes, and DNA damage in Oreochromis niloticus (n = 360; 40 ± 3.5 g) and the potential positive effects of dietary ascorbic acid (AA). In the current study, fish were fed diets with or without OTC (80 or 160 mg/kg body weight/day) and AA (100 mg/kg diet/day) for 28 days, followed by a bacterial stress test with two different virulent strains for 14 days. Treatments include CTR (control; without additives), AA, OTC80, OTC160, OTC80 + AA, and OTC160 + AA. The results revealed that the hematological parameters (RBCs, hemoglobin, and hematocrit), immune indices (nitroblue tetrazolium), and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, and CAT) were significantly reduced by OTC160 (p ≤ 0.05). The results also showed that OTC160 notably augmented the activity of liver (ALT, AST, and LDH) and kidney (creatinine and urea) damage markers of O. niloticus ((p ≤ 0.05). OTC160 revealed considerable hepatic and renal tissue damage and significantly higher hepatocyte DNA damage. Pathological changes and DNA damage were directly correlated to the dosage of OTC exposure, where they were more severe in OTC160. OTC80 showed insignificant changes in most parameters. Compared to CTR, including AA in the O. niloticus diet significantly restored the biological indices, histological changes, and DNA damage in OTC-treated groups. These results corroborate the use of AA as a potent antioxidant and immune stimulant and a potential co-adjuvant to OTC in the diet of O. niloticus to reach optimal resistance to disease.
Invasion status of hatchery-origin pink salmon in an unstocked river at the Shiretoko World Natural Heritage Site in northern Japan
Authors: Yamada Taihei , Nobetsu Takahiro , Urabe Hirokazu , Nakamura Futoshi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The reproductive success of wild anadromous salmonid populations can be reduced by genetic interactions with straying hatchery fish. We investigated the straying status of hatchery-origin pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), which have a higher straying rate than other salmonids, in an unstocked river in the Shiretoko World Natural Heritage Site, Japan, which is a data-poor region. Hatchery strays accounted for 40.0% and 19.0% of the total samples in 2021 and 2022, respectively. These results indicate that hatchery pink salmon have invaded unstocked rivers and potentially genetically affect wild populations.
Dosimetric Comparison of Proton Therapy and CyberKnife in Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Liver Cancers
Authors: Shyllon Samuel , Penfold Scott , Dalfsen Ray , Kirkness Elsebe , Hug Ben , Rowshanfarzad Pejman , Devlin Peter , Tang Colin , Le Hien , Gorayski Peter , Grogan Garry , Kearvell Rachel , Ebert Martin A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has been increasingly used for the ablation of liver tumours. CyberKnife and proton beam therapy (PBT) are two advanced treatment technologies suitable to deliver SBRT with high dose conformity and steep dose gradients. However, there is very limited data comparing the dosimetric characteristics of CyberKnife to PBT for liver SBRT.
Methods: PBT and CyberKnife plans were retrospectively generated using 4DCT datasets of ten patients who were previously treated for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, N = 5) and liver metastasis (N = 5). Dose Volume Histogram data was assessed and compared against selected criteria; given a dose prescription of 54 Gy in 3 fractions for liver metastases and 45 Gy in 3 fractions for HCC, with previously-published consensus-based normal tissue dose constraints.
Results: Comparison of evaluation parameters showed a statistically significant difference for target volume coverage and liver, lungs and spinal cord (p<0.05) dose, while chest wall and skin did not indicate a significant difference between the two modalities. A number of optimal normal tissue constraints was violated by both the CyberKnife and proton plans for the same patients due to proximity of tumour to chest wall.
Conclusions: PBTresulted in greater organ sparing, the extent of which was mainly dependent on tumour location. Tumours located on the liver periphery experienced the largest increase in organ sparing. Organ sparing for CyberKnife was comparable with PBT for small target volumes.