bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
c‐Myc–IMPDH1/2 axis promotes tumourigenesis by regulating GTP metabolic reprogramming
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Cui Kaisa , Yang Xiaoya , He Qilang , Yu Jing , Yang Li , Yao Gang , Guo Weiwei , Luo Zhanhao , Liu Yugeng , Chen Yuan , He Zhen , Lan Ping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. Metabolic rate‐limiting enzymes and oncogenic c‐Myc (Myc) play critical roles in metabolic reprogramming to affect tumourigenesis. However, a systematic assessment of metabolic rate‐limiting enzymes and their relationship with Myc in human cancers is lacking.MethodsMultiple Pan‐cancer datasets were used to develop the transcriptome, genomic alterations, clinical outcomes and Myc correlation landscapes of 168 metabolic rate‐limiting enzymes across 20 cancers. Real‐time quantitative PCR and immunoblotting were, respectively, used to examine the mRNA and protein of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 (IMPDH1) in human colorectal cancer (CRC), azoxymethane/dextran sulphate sodium‐induced mouse CRC and spontaneous intestinal tumours from APCMin/+ mice. Clone formation, CCK‐8 and subcutaneous xenograft model were applied to investigate the possible mechanisms connecting IMPDH1 to CRC growth. Co‐immunoprecipitation and protein half‐life assay were used to explore the mechanisms underlying the regulation of IMPDH1.ResultsWe explored the global expression patterns, dysregulation profiles, genomic alterations and clinical relevance of 168 metabolic rate‐limiting enzymes across human cancers. Importantly, a series of enzymes were associated with Myc, especially top three upregulated enzymes (TK1, RRM2 and IMPDH1) were positively correlated with Myc in multiple cancers. As a proof‐of‐concept exemplification, we demonstrated that IMPDH1, a rate‐limiting enzyme in GTP biosynthesis, is highly upregulated in CRC and promotes CRC growth in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, IMPDH2 stabilizes IMPDH1 by decreasing the polyubiquitination levels of IMPDH1, and Myc promotes the de novo GTP biosynthesis by the transcriptional activation of IMPDH1/2. Finally, we confirmed that the Myc–IMPDH1/2 axis is dysregulated across human cancers.ConclusionsOur study highlights the essential roles of metabolic rate‐limiting enzymes in tumourigenesis and their crosstalk with Myc, and the Myc–IMPDH1/2 axis promotes tumourigenesis by altering GTP metabolic reprogramming. Our results propose the inhibition of IMPDH1 as a viable option for cancer treatment.
Wind‐energy development alters pronghorn migration at multiple scales
Authors: Milligan Megan C. , Johnston Aaron N. , Beck Jeffrey L. , Taylor Kaitlyn L. , Hall Embere , Knox Lee , Cufaude Teal , Wallace Cody , Chong Geneva , Kauffman Matthew J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMigration is a critical behavioral strategy necessary for population persistence and ecosystem functioning, but migration routes have been increasingly disrupted by anthropogenic activities, including energy development. Wind energy is the world's fastest growing source of electricity and represents an important alternative to hydrocarbon extraction, but its effects on migratory species beyond birds and bats are not well understood. We evaluated the effects of wind‐energy development on pronghorn migration, including behavior and habitat selection, to assess potential effects on connectivity and other functional benefits including stopovers. We monitored GPS‐collared female pronghorn from 2010 to 2012 and 2018 to 2020 in south‐central Wyoming, USA, an area with multiple wind‐energy facilities in various stages of development and operation. Across all time periods, we collected 286 migration sequences from 117 individuals, including 121 spring migrations, 123 fall migrations, and 42 facultative winter migrations. While individuals continued to migrate through wind‐energy facilities, pronghorn made important behavioral adjustments relative to turbines during migration. These included avoiding turbines when selecting stopover sites in spring and winter, selecting areas farther from turbines at a small scale in spring and winter, moving more quickly near turbines in spring (although pronghorn moved more slowly near turbines in the fall), and reducing fidelity to migration routes relative to wind turbines under construction in both spring and fall. For example, an increase in distance to turbine from 0 to 1 km translated to a 33% and 300% increase in the relative probability of selection for stopover sites in spring and winter, respectively. The behavioral adjustments pronghorn made relative to wind turbines could reduce the functional benefits of their migration, such as foraging success or the availability of specific routes, over the long term.
Density‐habitat relationships of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Finland
Authors: Poutanen Jenni , Fuller Angela K. , Pusenius Jyrki , Royle J. Andrew , Wikström Mikael , Brommer Jon E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn heterogeneous landscapes, resource selection constitutes a crucial link between landscape and population‐level processes such as density. We conducted a non‐invasive genetic study of white‐tailed deer in southern Finland in 2016 and 2017 using fecal DNA samples to understand factors influencing white‐tailed deer density and space use in late summer prior to the hunting season. We estimated deer density as a function of landcover types using a spatial capture‐recapture (SCR) model with individual identities established using microsatellite markers. The study revealed second‐order habitat selection with highest deer densities in fields and mixed forest, and third‐order habitat selection (detection probability) for transitional woodlands (clear‐cuts) and closeness to fields. Including landscape heterogeneity improved model fit and increased inferred total density compared with models assuming a homogenous landscape. Our findings underline the importance of including habitat covariates when estimating density and exemplifies that resource selection can be studied using non‐invasive methods.
Diabetic microvascular complications predicts non‐heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tochiya Mayu , Makino Hisashi , Tamanaha Tamiko , Omura‐Ohata Yoko , Matsubara Masaki , Koezuka Ryo , Noguchi Michio , Tomita Tsutomu , Asaumi Yasuhide , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Yasuda Satoshi , Hosoda Kiminori 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsThe relationship between diabetic microvascular complications and the incidence of two types of heart failure—heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] < 40%) and non‐HFrEF (LVEF ≥ 40%)—in patients without prior heart failure has not been clarified. We herein examined the association between diabetic microvascular complications and HFrEF or non‐HFrEF in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without prior heart failure.Methods and resultsIn this retrospective cohort study, we assessed the relationship between the presence of diabetic microvascular complications or severity of diabetic retinopathy (no apparent, non‐proliferative and proliferative retinopathy) and nephropathy (normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria) at baseline, with the primary outcome of first heart failure hospitalization classified as HFrEF or non‐HFrEF in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without prior heart failure. Among 568 patients (69.2% males, mean age 66.2 ± 9.6 years), 70 experienced heart failure hospitalization (HFrEF: 24 and non‐HFrEF: 46). Non‐HFrEF hospitalization but not HFrEF hospitalization was significantly associated with the presence of diabetic microvascular complications. The incidence of non‐HFrEF hospitalization was significantly higher in the proliferative retinopathy group than that in the no apparent retinopathy group (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–6.83, P = 0.035) and in those with macroalbuminuria than in those with normoalbuminuria (adjusted HR 4.23, 95% CI: 2.24–7.85, P < 0.001) even after adjustment for age and sex. When non‐HFrEF was classified into heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) (40% ≤ LVEF < 50%) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (50% ≤ LVEF), HFmrEF and HFpEF hospitalizations were also found to be associated with the progression of retinopathy and nephropathy.ConclusionsIn patients with T2DM without prior heart failure, non‐HFrEF hospitalization was more closely associated with the progression of diabetic microangiopathy than HFrEF. The development of non‐HFrEF may be mediated through a mechanism similar to that of microvascular complications in these patients.
Tuning the electrochemical capacitance of carbon nanosheets by optimizing its thickness through controlling the carbon precursor in salt‐template
Authors: Ramesh Achayalingam , Basu Sourabh , Ganesan Vellaichamy , Soni Pawan Kumar , Manivannan Shanmugam , Kandasamy Jeyakumar , Leo Hudson Michael Sterlin , Shaz Mohammad Abu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHerein, two‐dimensional (2D) carbon nanosheets derived from biomass precursor is successfully synthesized via a cost‐effective salt‐templated process. Microstructural characterization and Raman spectral analysis of the sample derived from the salt template method reveals the formation of carbon nanosheets. The nanosheet thickness and its capacitance have been altered by varying the carbon precursor to salt‐template ratio. From the AFM data, the thickness of the as‐prepared thin carbon sheet was measured as ~5.16 nm, and the other thicker carbon sheet thickness was determined to be between 24 and 38 nm. The Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) analysis shows that the thinner nanosheets possess a high specific surface area (SSA) of 485 m2 g−1, with slit‐pore geometry having a total pore volume of 0.29 cm3 g−1. Hence, compared to thicker carbon nanosheets (63.6 F g−1), the thinner carbon nanosheets exhibit superior electrochemical capacitance of 146 F g−1 in an aqueous 6 M KOH electrolyte, without employing any chemical activation. The electrochemical series resistance of as‐prepared carbon nanosheet samples was found to be <1 Ω with charge transfer resistances in the range of 0.29 Ω (thicker sheets) to 0.18 Ω (thinner sheets). The specific capacitance and electrochemical properties vary significantly when the nanosheet thickness has been tuned from thicker to thinner by altering the starch ratio in NaCl. The two‐electrode cell assembled using thinner carbon nanosheets exhibited the capacitance of 70.1 F g−1 with energy and power densities as 9.7 Wh kg−1 and 20 kW kg−1 respectively.
Mixed fermentation and electrospray drying for the development of a novel stabilized wheat germ powder containing highly viable probiotic cultures
Authors: Khosroshahi Ehsan Divan , Razavi Seyed Hadi , Kiani Hossein , Aghakhani Ali 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNondairy fermented probiotic powder was developed based on stabilized wheat germ through mixed fermentation (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum) and electrospraying process. In the first step, the effect of mixed fermentation on lipase and lipoxygenase activity of wheat germ was investigated. The results showed a significant reduction in the activity of both enzymes (82.72% for lipase and 72% for lipoxygenase), therefore, mixed fermentation effectively stabilizes the wheat germ. In the next step, after the preparation of the solutions for drying process and investigating the physical properties (surface tension, electrical conductivity, and viscosity) of the solutions, the electrosprayability of the samples was evaluated at different conditions and revealed that 18 kV applying voltage, 0.3 flow rate, and 12 cm distance between tip to collector was the best for electrospraying the 20% solution of fermented wheat germ with morphologically most semi‐uniform particles. Finally, the viability of the probiotics after drying process and during the storage at 25°C was examined. The number of initial cells counted as 14.48 ± 0.2 log cfu/g and the viability studies showed 0.55 log cfu/g decrease in the number of viable bacteria from initial count as a result of the electrospraying process. Furthermore, 7.86 ± 0.03 log cfu/g in freeze‐dried and 9.05 ± 0.45 log cfu/g in electrosprayed samples survived after 70 days of storage.
Guanidinoacetic acid in human nutrition: Beyond creatine synthesis
Authors: Ostojic Sergej M. , Jorga Jagoda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGuanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is a nutrient that has been used in human nutrition since the early 1950s. Recommended for its role in creatine biosynthesis, GAA demonstrated beneficial energy‐boosting effects in various clinical conditions. Dietary GAA has also been suggested to trigger several creatine‐independent mechanisms. Besides acting as a direct precursor of high‐energy phosphagen creatine, dietary GAA is suggested to reduce blood glucose concentration by acting as an insulinotropic food compound, spare amino acid arginine for other metabolic purposes (including protein synthesis), modulate taste, and perhaps alter methylation and fat deposition in various organs including the liver. GAA as a food component can have several important metabolic roles beyond creatine biosynthesis; future studies are highly warranted to address GAA overall role in human nutrition.
Optimized three‐dimensional ultrashort echo time: Magnetic resonance fingerprinting for myelin tissue fraction mapping
Authors: Zhou Zihan , Li Qing , Liao Congyu , Cao Xiaozhi , Liang Hui , Chen Quan , Pu Run , Ye Huihui , Tong Qiqi , He Hongjian , Zhong Jianhui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractQuantitative assessment of brain myelination has gained attention for both research and diagnosis of neurological diseases. However, conventional pulse sequences cannot directly acquire the myelin‐proton signals due to its extremely short T2 and T2* values. To obtain the myelin‐proton signals, dedicated short T2 acquisition techniques, such as ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging, have been introduced. However, it remains challenging to isolate the myelin‐proton signals from tissues with longer T2. In this article, we extended our previous two‐dimensional ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance fingerprinting (UTE‐MRF) with dual‐echo acquisition to three dimensional (3D). Given a relatively low proton density (PD) of myelin‐proton, we utilized Cramér–Rao Lower Bound to encode myelin‐proton with the maximal SNR efficiency for optimizing the MR fingerprinting design, in order to improve the sensitivity of the sequence to myelin‐proton. In addition, with a second echo of approximately 3 ms, myelin‐water component can be also captured. A myelin‐tissue (myelin‐proton and myelin‐water) fraction mapping can be thus calculated. The optimized 3D UTE‐MRF with dual‐echo acquisition is tested in simulations, physical phantom and in vivo studies of both healthy subjects and multiple sclerosis patients. The results suggest that the rapidly decayed myelin‐proton and myelin‐water signal can be depicted with UTE signals of our method at clinically relevant resolution (1.8 mm isotropic) in 15 min. With its good sensitivity to myelin loss in multiple sclerosis patients demonstrated, our method for the whole brain myelin‐tissue fraction mapping in clinical friendly scan time has the potential for routine clinical imaging.
How bank‐specific factors affect access to financing for small and medium enterprises: Evidence from an emerging economy
Authors: Khan Sadia Noor 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, hypotheses were tested regarding the impact of bank size, ownership structure, branch location, and distress condition on access to financing for small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). The empirical analysis was conducted using data obtained from scheduled banks of Bangladesh (banks listed under the Bangladesh Bank Order, 1972) and SMEs operating in Bangladesh. The results suggest that SMEs in Bangladesh have greater access to financing when their application for financing is made to a small bank, a domestic private bank, or a rural branch. Bank distress appears to have a negative impact on the provision of financing to SMEs. SME access to financing is also lower if the application is made to a state‐owned bank or a foreign bank.
In pursuit of impact: Toward a contextualized theory of professional agency of engineering education scholars
Authors: Coso Strong Alexandra , Faber Courtney J. , Lee Walter C. , Bodnar Cheryl A. , Smith‐Orr Courtney , McCave Erin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundEngineering education scholars (EES) seek to advance innovation, excellence, and access within education systems and the engineering profession. To advance such efforts, the intentional and strategic actions taken by scholars must be better understood.Purpose/HypothesisThis study aimed to advance the field's understanding of agency toward impact by (1) closely examining the experiences of early career EES pursuing impact in engineering education and (2) co‐constructing a contextualized theory of agency. We define agency as taking strategic actions or perspectives toward professional goals that matter to oneself and goals that relate to impacting engineering education.Design/MethodBuilding on previous work about faculty agency, we leveraged approaches from grounded theory and integrated multiple qualitative approaches to analyze our experiences as six early career EES over the course of a 4‐year longitudinal study.ResultsSeven key insights about the professional agency toward impact in engineering education of early career EES emerged from the analysis. The contextualized theory and resulting visual representation illustrate this agency as a cyclical process with three components: (1) the factors influencing one's agency, (2) the agentic process itself, and (3) the output of the agentic process.ConclusionsOur co‐constructed contextualized theory extends previous work by incorporating the temporal nature of agency, the generation and assessment of available moves, and the importance of feedback on future agentic practices. Our results have implications on how the engineering education community supports graduate students, early career scholars, and new members in their efforts to impact change.
Tracing temperature and pressure evolutions in shocked TATB‐based PBX by time‐resolved Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Yu Guoyang , Zeng Yangyang , Wu Honglin , Song Yunfei , Zheng Xianxu , Tan Duowang , Wu Qiang , Yang Yanqiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTime‐resolved Raman spectroscopy has been used to simultaneously measure temperature and pressure in the TATB‐based plastic‐bonded explosive (PBX) sample under laser‐driven shock wave. Temperature and pressure have been confirmed according to the ratio of anti‐Stokes to Stokes Raman intensities and the variation of the center wavenumber of the Raman peak under shock loading, respectively. The location of the shock front has been determined according to the ratio of the spectral height of the shifted Raman peak under shock loading to that of the original Raman peak, and the velocity of the shock front has been estimated by linear fit for the locations of the shock front versus delay times. Therefore, the shock propagation in this PBX sample is characterized according to the measured temperature, pressure, and shock velocity. In addition, the correlation between the pressure and the temperature under shock waves is established, and the pressure‐dependence temperature gradient is 10.06 ± 0.67 K/GPa.
Lymph node sampling—what are the numbers?
Authors: Singh Anupama , Jaklitsch Michael T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLung cancer is a deadly disease. Lymph node staging is the most important prognostic factor, and lymphatic drainage of the lung is complex. Major advances have been made in this field over the last several decades, but there is much left to understand and improve upon. Herein, we review the history of the lymphatic system and the creation of lymph node maps, the evolution of tumor, node, and metastasis lung cancer classification, the importance of lung cancer staging, techniques for lymph node dissection, and our recommendations regarding a minimum number of nodes to sample during pulmonary resection.
The evolving landscape of thoracic surgical oncology
Authors: Kim Anthony W. , Jaklitsch Michael T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe history of Thoracic Surgical Oncology warrants attribution to the strong foundational contributions of the past. Current surgical approaches and techniques along with newer systemic therapies are the product of iterative modifications to prior successes. Progress also fosters traditional thinking to be challenged and other classic topics to be revisited with a contemporary perspective. Cumulatively, past and present clinical and scientific efforts point toward a promising future in the evolving landscape of Thoracic Surgical Oncology.
Updates in pathology and molecular diagnostics to inform the evolving landscape of thoracic surgery and oncology
Authors: Naso Julia , Lo Ying‐Chun , Sholl Lynette M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe pathologic assessment of lung cancers provides essential guidance to the surgeon and oncologist who are considering the best treatment strategies for patients with both early and advanced‐stage disease. The management of patients with lung cancer is predicated first and foremost on access to an accurate diagnosis, even when the sample size is limited, as is often the case with use of modern, minimally invasive sampling techniques. Once the diagnosis and disease stage are established, predictive biomarker testing may be essential, particularly for those patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) being considered for immunotherapy or genomic biomarker‐driven targeted therapy. This review will discuss the best practices for the diagnosis of NSCLC using morphology and immunohistochemistry, thus providing the surgeon with needed information to understand and critically evaluate pathology reports. Controversial and evolving topics including tumor spread through airspaces, evaluation of multiple tumors, and staging based on invasive tumor size will be addressed. Clinical genomic profiling in NSCLC is driven by published guidelines and reflects evidence based on clinical trials and regulatory approvals. In this fast‐moving space, surgeons should be aware of the critical immunohistochemical and genomic biomarkers that drive systemic therapy decisions and anticipate when such testing will be required, both to ensure adequate sampling and to advise the pathologist when tumor material will be required for biomarker analysis. The basic approaches to and sample requirements for molecular biomarker testing will be addressed. As biomarker testing moves exclusively from advanced‐stage patients into earlier stage disease, the surgeon should be aware of the relevant markers and work with the pathologist and oncologist to ensure that this information is available to facilitate timely access to therapies not just in the advanced setting, but in consideration of neoadjuvant and adjuvant care.
New molecular and immunologic targets of therapy for esophageal cancer and the prospects for ongoing and future clinical trials
Authors: Dhanasopon Andrew P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEsophageal cancer is a deadly disease worldwide. Advancements in diagnosis, surgical technique, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have improved survival over the years. While targeted therapy and immunotherapy have significantly impacted survival for patients with advanced disease, they have also been demonstrating efficacy when added to trimodality therapy for locoregional disease. This review focuses on molecular and immunologic targets of therapy for esophageal cancer and the prospects for ongoing and future clinical trials.