bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of interleukin-6 with suicidal ideation in veterans: a longitudinal perspective
Authors: Sun Shengnan , Wilson Caroline M. , Alter Sharon , Ge Yongchao , Hazlett Erin A. , Goodman Marianne , Yehuda Rachel , Galfalvy Hanga , Haghighi Fatemeh 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionStudies showing associations between inflammation in suicide are typically cross-sectional. Present study investigated how cytokine levels track with suicidal ideation and severity longitudinally.MethodsVeterans with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) with or without suicide attempt history (MDD/SA n = 38, MDD/NS n = 41) and non-psychiatric non-attempter controls (HC n = 33) were recruited, MDD/SA and HC groups were followed longitudinally at 3 months and 6 months. Blood plasma was collected and processed using Luminex Immunology Multiplex technology.ResultsSignificant differences in depression severity (BDI) and suicidal ideation severity (SSI) were observed across all groups at study entry, wherein MDD/SA group had the highest scores followed by MDD/NS and HC, respectively. Cytokines IL-1β, IL-4, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6 were examined at study entry and longitudinally, with IL6 levels differing significantly across the groups (p = 0.0123) at study entry. Significant differences in changes in cytokine levels between depressed attempters and the control group were detected for IL-6 (interaction F1,91.77 = 5.58, p = 0.0203) and TNF-α (F1,101.73 = 4.69, p = 0.0327). However, only depressed attempters showed a significant change, in IL-6 and TNF-α levels, decreasing over time [IL-6: b = −0.04, 95% CI = (−0.08, −0.01), p = 0.0245 and TNF-α: b = −0.02, 95% CI = (−0.04, −0.01), p = 0.0196]. Although IL-6 levels were not predictive of suicidal ideation presence [OR = 1.34, 95% CI = (0.77, 2.33), p = 0.3067], IL-6 levels were significantly associated with suicidal ideation severity (b = 0.19, p = 0.0422).DiscussionIL-6 was not associated with presence of suicidal ideation. IL-6 however, was associated with severity of ideation, suggesting that IL-6 may be useful in clinical practice, as an objective marker of heightened suicide risk.
Stylistics : A Contact between Linguistics and Literary Criticism
Authors: Abdul Jalil Jassim Hejal  
Published: September 2023

Quirk (1969) has remarked that a man's style is as specific as his
fingerprints. Stylistic analysis can in fact settle many knotty problems in
ltterature. A Writer's use of language, if studied carefully , can reveal his
aesthetic personality , his deep – laid philosophy and world – view , the
way he looks at the world , perhaps far more accurately than any study of
his background and the literary movement he subscribes to . In fact , the
question of the nature of stylistics , and its position among the various
disciplines, its scope and its limits have aroused considerable discussion.
The term "stylistics" can apply to various kinds of linguistic analysis.
Anyhow, stylistics, which is, in general, incorporated within the
terminology of linguistics, has not won the satisfaction of some linguists.
therefore, they began to coin some other new terms . Thus, this research
is intended to present discussion of the scope of stylistics, stylistic
analysis, and stylistics as a middle ground between linguistics and literary
criticism. In general, it is divided into three parts each to cover a certain
aspect of the subject .the first part is a review of the definition of
stylistics, its function, and its aims. The second part is concerned with
stylistic analysis and kinds of stylistic studies. Whereas, the third part of
this research discusses the role of stylistics as a contact between
linguistics and literary criticism.
ﺍﻟـ(ﺟﻧﺩﺭ) ﻭﺍﻧﺗﻬﺎﻙ ﺣﻘﻭﻕ ﺍﻹﻧﺳﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺄﺻﻳﻝ ﺍﻟﻣﻔﻬﻭﻡ
Authors: ﺩ. ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭﺗﻭﺕ  
Published: September 2023

إﻟﻰ أي ﻤد ًى ﻴﻤﻛن اﻋﺘﺒﺎر اﺨﺘﻼف اﻟﺴﻠوك ﺒﻴن اﻟﻨﺴﺎء واﻟرﺠـﺎﻝ ﻫـو ﻨﺘﻴﺠـﺔ ﻻﺨﺘﻼﻓـﺎت
ﺒﺎﻴوﻟوﺠﻴـﺔ - ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻴـرى ﺒﻌـض اﻟﺒـﺎﺤﺜﻴن-؟ وﻫـﻝ أن ﻫـذﻩ اﻟﻔـروق أﺼـﻴﻠﺔ وطﺒﻴﻌﻴـﺔ ؟ ٕواﻟـﻰ أي
ﻤدى ﻴﻤﻛن أن ﻴﻛون اﻟواﻗـﻊ ﻓـﻲ ﺘ ارﻛﻤﺎﺘـﻪ أﻛﺜـر ﺘﻌﻘﻴـداً ﻤـن ﻫـذﻩ اﻟرؤﻴـﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﺴـطﺔ ﻟﻠﻤوﻀـوع ؟
أم إن ﻤﺠﻤﻝ اﻟﻔروق ﺒﻴن (اﻟرﺠﻝ) و(اﻟﻤ أرة) أو ﻤﻌظﻤﻬﺎ ﻴﻌود ﻟواﻗ ٍﻊ اﺠﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ ﻤﻌﻘـد ٬ ﻴﻔـرض

ﺒﻘ ارءاﺘﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻛﺎﺌن اﻟﺒﺎﻴوﻟوﺠﻲ اﻟذي ﻴﺘﺤوﻝ ﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺎً إﻟﻰ (رﺠ ٍﻝ) أو (إﻤ أرة).
ٕواذا ﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن ﺒﻌـض اﻟﺒـﺎﺤﺜﻴن واﻟﻌﻠﻤـﺎء ﻴؤﻛـدون أن ﺠواﻨـب ﻤﺤـددة ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺘﻛـوﻴن اﻟﺠﺴـﻤﻲ
اﻟﺒﺎﻴوﻟوﺠﻲ ﻟﻺﻨﺴﺎن – ﻤﺜﻝ اﻟﻛروﻤوﺴوﻤﺎت واﻟﻬرﻤوﻨـﺎت واﻟﻤـؤﺜ ارت اﻟﺠﻴﻨﻴـﺔ – ﻫـﻲ اﻟﻤﺴـؤوﻟﺔ
ﻋن ﻓرو ٍق ﻓطرﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺴﻠوك اﻟرﺠـﺎﻝ واﻟﻨﺴـﺎء ٬ ﻤﻀـﻴﻔﻴن أﻨـﻪ ﻴﻤﻛـن ﻤﻼﺤظـﺔ ﻫـذﻩ اﻻﺨﺘﻼﻓـﺎت
ﺒﺸـﻛ ٍﻝ أو ﺒـﺂﺨر. ﻓـﺈن ﻋـدداً آﺨـر ﻤـن اﻟﻌﻠﻤـﺎء ﻴؤﻛـد ﺘوﺠﻬـﺎ ٍت ﻤﻌﺎﻛﺴـﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﻗﻀـﻴﺔ اﻟﻔـروق
واﺨــﺘﻼف اﻟﺴــﻠوك اﻻﺠﺘﻤــﺎﻋﻲ ﺒــﻴن اﻟﺠﻨﺴــﻴن ٬ وأﺤــد ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﺘوﺠﻬــﺎت ﻫــو اﺘﺠــﺎﻩ اﻟــ (ﺠﻨــدر
.( Gender إذ ﻋـﺎدت ﻤطﺎﻟﺒـﺎت اﻟﺤرﻛـﺎت اﻟﻨﺴـوﻴﺔ ﺒﺤﻘـوق اﻟﻤـ أرة وﻤﺴـﺎواﺘﻬﺎ ﺒﺼـورة ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ
ﻫـذﻩ اﻟﻤـرة ٬ وذﻟـك ﻋﺒـر طـرح ﻤﻨظـور أو ﻤﻔﻬـوم ﻴـدﻋﻰ ﺒﺎﻟــ (ﺠﻨـدر ٬( Gender واﻟـذي ﻴؤﻛـد
أﺼـﺤﺎﺒﻪ أن اﻟﻔـروق اﻟﻘﺎﺌﻤـﺔ اﻟﻴـوم ﺒـﻴن اﻟﻨﺴـﺎء واﻟرﺠـﺎﻝ – ﻨﻔﺴـﻴﺎً وﻓﻴزﻴوﻟوﺠﻴـﺎً – ﻤرﻫوﻨـﺔ ﻛﻠﻴـﺎً

ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ (ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺜﻨﺎء وﺤﻴد ﻫو اﻟﻔروق اﻟﺒﺎﻴوﻟوﺠﻴﺔ اﻟﻤرﺘﺒطﺔ ﺒوظﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻝ واﻹﻨﺠﺎب).
واﻟﺒﺤــث ﻓــﻲ ﻋﻨواﻨــﻪ ذاك وﻤوﻀــوﻋﺎﺘﻪ ﺘﻠــك اﻗﺘﻀــﻰ ﺘﻘﺴــﻴﻤﻪ إﻟــﻰ ﺨﻤﺴــﺔ ﻤﺤــﺎور ٬ ﻫــﻲ:

ﻤﺸﻛﻠﺔ اﻟﺒﺤث وأﻫداﻓﻪ ٬ وﻤﻔﻬوﻤﻪ ٬ وأطروﺤﺘﻪ اﻟﻨظرﻴﺔ ٬ وأﻤﺜﻠﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟواﻗﻊ اﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ.
ﺍﻹﺳﻣﺎﻋﻳﻠﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻧﺯﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﺟﻭﺩﻫﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻳﺭﺍﻥ ٦٥٤­٤۸۷ ) ﻫـ ۱۲٥٦­۱۰۹٤ / ﻡ)
Authors: ﺩ. ﻋﺑﺎﺱ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﺳﺗﺎﺭ ﻋﺑﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ  
Published: September 2023

ﺸﻬد اﻟﻌﺎﻟم اﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤر ﺘﺎرﻴﺨﻪ اﻟطوﻴﻝ اﻟﻌدﻴد ﻤن اﻟﺤرﻛﺎت اﻟدﻴﻨﻴﺔ وﻛﺎﻨت

اﻏﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﺘﺘﻤﺤور ﺤوﻝ ﻨﻘطﺔ اﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ وﻫﻲ اﻟﺨﻼﻓﺔ ووﻻﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻬد وﻤن ﻫو أﺤق ﺒﺘوﻟﻴﻬﺎ.
واﻹﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻨ ازرﻴﺔ واﺤدة ﻤن ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺤرﻛﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ظﻬرت ﻓﻲ وﻗت ﻤﺘﺄﺨر ﻨﺴﺒﻴﺎً ﻤن ﺘﺎرﻴﺦ
اﻟدوﻟﺔاﻟﻌرﺒﻴﺔ اﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ وﺘرﻛت أﺜ ار ﻻ ﻴﻨﺴﻰ وﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻴ ارن ٬ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻨت ﺘﻤﺜﻝ واﺤدة ﻤن
اﻫم ارﺒﺎع ﺨ ارﺴﺎن اذ وﺠدت ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻔرﻗﺔ ﻫﻨﺎك اﻟﻤﻨﺎخ واﻟظروف اﻟﻤﻼﺌﻤﺔ ﻻﻨﺘﺸﺎرﻫﺎ

واﺴﺘﻤرت ﻷﻛﺜر ﻤن ﻗرن وﻨﺼف ﻤن اﻟزﻤن.
وﻓﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﺒﺤث ﺴﻨﺘﻌرف ﻋﻠﻰ أﻫم اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ أطﻠﻘت ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻔرﻗﺔ ﻤﻨذ ظﻬورﻫﺎ

ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼر اﻟﻔﺎطﻤﻴﺔ وﻨﻬﺎﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ إﻴ ارن.
وﻨﺸوء ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻔرﻗﺔ ﻋﻬد ﻤؤﺴﺴﻬﺎ اﻟﺤﺴن ﺒن اﻟﺼﺒﺎح ٬ واﺘﺨﺎذﻩ ﻗﻠﻌﺔ اﻟﻤوت ﻤرﻛ اًز رﺌﻴﺴﻴﺎً
ﻟﻪ ﻟﺒﻌث دﻋﺎﺘﻪ واﺘﺒﺎﻋﻪ ﻤن ﻫﻨﺎك إﻟﻰ ﺒﻘﻴﺔ أﻨﺤﺎء اﻴ ارن واﻟﻌﺎﻟم اﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻟﻨﺸر دﻋوﺘﻪ
وﺘﻨﻔﻴذ أواﻤرﻩ ٬ وﻟﻘد ﻻﻗت دﻋوﺘﻪ ﻨﺠﺎﺤﺎً ﻛﺒﻴ اًر ﺒﺴﺒب اﻟظروف اﻟﺘﻲ ﺴﺎدت اﻟﻌﺎﻟم اﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ

آﻨذاك.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺴﻨﺒﺤث ﺒﺈﻴﺠﺎز ﺠﻬود اﻟﺴﻼطﻴن اﻟﺴﻼﺠﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺎرس واﻻﻴوﺒﻴن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺎم ﻟﻠﻘﻀﺎء

ﻋﻠﻴﻬم ٬ واﺒرز ﻨﺸﺎطﺎﺘﻬم ﻀد ﻤﻨﺎوﺌﻴﻬم.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺴﻨوﻀﺢ أوﻀﺎع اﻻﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻨ ازرﻴﺔ ﻗﺒﻴﻝ اﻟﻐزو اﻟﻤﻐوﻟﻲ واﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴ ارت اﻟﺘﻲ ط أرت

ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﻴﺎﺴﺘﻬم ﺘﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺨﻼﻓﺔ اﻟﻌﺒﺎﺴﻴﺔ وﻤن ﺜم ﻤوﻗﻔﻬم ﻤن اﻟﺴﻠطﺎن ﺠﻼﻝ اﻟدﻴن ﻤﻨﻛﺒرﺘﻲ.
وﺴﻨﺴﺘﻌرض ﺒﺸﻲء ﻤن اﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻝ اﻻﺠﺘﻴﺎح اﻟﻤﻐوﻟﻲ ﻟﻘﻼﻋﻬم ﻓﻲ اﻴ ارن وأﺴﺒﺎﺒﻪ
وأوﻀﺎﻋﻬم ﺨﻼﻝ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻤدة واﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ اﺘﺒﻌﻬﺎ ﻫوﻻﻛو ﺨﺎن ﻻﻗﺘﺤﺎم ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻘﻼع واﻟﺘﻲ

ﺘﻛﻠﻠت ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺠﺎح ٬ وﻤﻘﺘﻝ زﻋﻴم اﻹﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻨ ازرﻴﺔ واﺨﺘﻔﺎﺌﻬم ﻋن ﻤﺴرح اﻹﺤداث ﻓﻲ إﻴ ارن.
واﺨﻴ ار ﻴﺠب اﻻﺸﺎرة اﻟﻰ اﻨﻨﺎ ﻟم ﻨﻌﺜرﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺼﺎدر اﻻﺴﻤﺎﻋﻴﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻨ ازرﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ دوﻨت
اﻻﺤداث اﻟﺘﺎرﻴﺨﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻋﺎﺼروﻫﺎ واﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎن ﻟﻬﺎ اﻻﺜ ارﻻﻛﺒر ﻓﻲ اﺒ ارز وﺠﻬﺔ ﻨظرﻫم ﺘﺠﺎﻩ

ﻫذﻩ اﻻﺤداث.
ﺍﻷﻣﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺫﺍﺋﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺗﻁﺑﻳﻘﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺍﻕ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻣﺩﺓ ۲۰۰۳­۲۰۰۱
Authors: ﺃﻡ.ﺩ. ﻧﺩﻯ ﺷﺎﻛﺭ ﺟﻭﺩﺕ  , ﻡ.ﻡ. ﺍﻧﺗﺻﺎﺭ ﺣﺳﻭﻥ ﺭﺿﺎ  
Published: September 2023

أن ﻤﺸـﻛﻠﺔ إﻨﺘـﺎج اﻟﻐـذاء وﻤـدى ﻛﻔﺎﻴﺘـﻪ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻌـ ارق اﻟـوطن اﻟﻌرﺒـﻲ واﻟﻌـﺎﻟم ﻴﻌﺘﺒـر ﻤـن

اﻟﻤﺸـﺎﻛﻝ اﻟﻤﻬﻤـﺔ واﻟﺘـﻲ ﻴﺠـب أن ﺘؤﺨـذ ﺒﻌـﻴن اﻻﻋﺘﺒـﺎر ﻤـن ﻗﺒـﻝ اﻟـدوﻝ. إذ أن اﻟﻤﺸـﻛﻠﺔ ﻟـﻴس

إﻨﺘﺎج اﻟﻐذاء ﺒﻘدر ﻤﺎ ﻫو اﻟﻨﻘص واﻟﺘﻘﺼﻴر ﻓﻲ اﻨﺘﺎﺠﻪ.
ﻫﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﺑﺣﺙ :

ﻫﻨـﺎك ﻤﻔﺎرﻗـﺔ ﻤﺜﻴـرة أن اﻟﻌـ ارق ﺒﻠـد ز ارﻋـﻲ ﺒﺎﻷﺴـﺎس وﻛـﺎن ﻤـن اﻟﻤﻨﺘظـر أن ﻴﺤﻘـق

اﻻﻛﺘﻔﺎء اﻟذاﺘﻲ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻴﺨص اﻟﻤوارد اﻟز ارﻋﻴﺔ واﻟﺤﻴواﻨﻴـﺔ ﺨﺼوﺼـﺎً وأﻨـﻪ ﻴﺘﻤﺘـﻊ ﺒﻤـوارد طﺒﻴﻌﻴـﺔ

وأﻤﻛﺎﻨﻴﺎت ﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻛﺒﻴرة !!! ٕواذا ﺒﻪ ﻴﻌﺎﻨﻲ أزﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻹﻨﺘﺎج اﻟﻐذاﺌﻲ .
إذ أن اﻟوﻗوف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫذﻩ اﻷزﻤﺔ وﻤﻌرﻓﺔ أﺴﺒﺎﺒﻬﺎ وﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻬـﺎ اﻵﻨﻴـﺔ وﻤﻘﺘرﺤـﺎت ﺘطـوﻴر

اﻷﻤن اﻟﻐذاﺌﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻝ.
ﺍﻟﺗﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻭﻅﻳﻔﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺩﻻﻟﻲ ﻟﺑﻧﺎء ( ﻓﺎﻋﻝ ) ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ
Authors: ﺩ. ﺳﻧﺎء ﺣﻣﻳﺩ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺎﺗﻲ  
Published: September 2023

ﻴﺘﻨﺎوﻝ ﻫذا اﻟﺒﺤث ﺒﻨﺎء (ﻓﺎﻋﻝ) اﻟذي ﻴﺴﻤﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘـب اﻟﻨﺤـو ﺒـ (اﺴـم اﻟﻔﺎﻋـﻝ) (١) وﻫـو

ﺒﻨﺎء ﺘﺘﻌدد وظﺎﺌﻔﻪ وﺘﺘﻌدد دﻻﻻﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨظم ٬ واﻟﺘﻌدد ﻓﻲ اﻟوظﻴﻔﺔ وﻓﻲ اﻟدﻻﻟﺔ ﻟﺒﻨﺎء واﺤد ﻫو

اﺤد أﺴﺒﺎب ﺜ ارء اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌرﺒﻴﺔ .

ﻓﻬو ﺒﻨﺎء ﻤﺸﺘرك ﺒﻴن اﻻﺴﻤﻴﺔ واﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ٬ ﺒﻤﻌﻨـﻰ أ ّن ﻫـذا اﻟﺒﻨـﺎء ﻴـﺄﺘﻲ اﺴـﻤﺎً ﻓـﻲ ﺒﻌـض
اﻟﻨظم ٬ وﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﻓﻌﻼً ﻓﻲ ﻨظم آﺨر ٬ وﻟﻪ ﻤن اﻟﺼﻔﺎت اﻟﺸﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻤﺎ ﻴﺸﺒﻪ اﻷﺴﻤﺎء ٬ ﺘﻠك اﻟﺼـﻔﺎت

اﻟﺘﻲ ﺠﻤﻌﻬﺎ اﺒن ﻤﺎﻟك ﻓﻲ ﻗوﻟﻪ:

( ﺒﺎﻟﺠّر واﻟﺘﻨوﻴن واﻟﻨدا وأﻝ

وﻤﺴﻨد ﻟﻼﺴم ﺘﻤﻴﻴز ﺤﺼﻝ ) (٢)

ﻓﻬـو ﻴـﺄﺘﻲ ﻓـﻲ اﻟـﻨظم ﻤﺴـﺒوﻗﺎً ﺒـﺎﻟﺤروف اﻟﻤﺴـﻤﺎة ﺒــ(ﺤروف اﻟﺠـر) ٬ ﻨﺤـو: ﻴﺎﻟـﻪ ﻤـن

ﻗﺎﺌِد ◌ٍ ﺸﻌَﺒﻪ ٬ وﻋﺠﺒ ُت ﻤن ﻤذﻨب ﻻ ﻴﺘوب ٬ وﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﻤﻀﺎﻓﺎ ٬ً ﻨﺤو: زﻴد آﺨُذ ﺤﻘﱢِﻪ ٬ وﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﻤﻨوﻨﺎ ٬ً

ﻨﺤـو: زﻴـد ﻗـﺎﺌٌم ٬ وأﻨـﺎ ﻛﺎﺘـ ٌب رﺴـﺎﻟﺔ ٬ً وﻴـﺄﺘﻲ ﻤﻨـﺎدى ٬ ﻨﺤـو: ﻴـﺎ ﻤﻨﻘـذاً ﻏرﻴﻘـﺎ ٬ً وﻴـﺄﺘﻲ ﻤﺘﺼـﻼً ﺒــ
(أﻝ) ٬ ﻨﺤو: زﻴد ﻫو اﻟﻘﺎدم ٬ وﻴﺄﺘﻲ ﻤﺴﻨداً إﻟﻴﻪ ٬ ﻨﺤو اﻵﺨٌذ ﺤﻘﱠﻪ ﻤﺤﺘرم ٬ وﺘﺎب اﻟﻨﺎدم.

ﻟــذﻟك أوﻫــم ﺸــﻛﻠﻪ اﻟﺨــﺎرﺠﻲ طﺎﺌﻔــﺔ ﻤــن اﻟﻨﺤــﺎة ﻓﻌــّدوﻩ اﺴــﻤﺎً وﻟــم ﻴﺠﻴــزوا ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺘــﻪ إﻻ
ﺒﺸروط ﻀّﻴﻘت ﺤدود ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺘﻪ ٬ وﻟم ﻴدرﺠوﻩ ﻤﻊ اﻟﻔﻌﻝ اﻟﻤﺎﻀﻲ واﻟﻔﻌﻝ اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع ﺒوﺼﻔﻪ ﻗﺴﻴﻤﺎً

ﺜﺎﻟﺜﺎً ﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺜﻴر ﻤن اﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺘﻪ.

ٕواذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺤﺎة (اﻟﺒﺼرﻴون) ﻗد ﻀّﻴﻘوا ﺤدود ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﻫذا اﻟﺒﻨﺎء وﻏﻠب أرﻴﻬم ودرج ﻓـﻲ
اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ واﻟﻤدارس ٬ ﻓﺈن اﻟﻨﺤﺎة (اﻟﻛوﻓﻴﻴن) ﻋّدوﻩ ﻓﻌﻼ ٬ً وﺴ ّﻤوﻩ ( اﻟﻔﻌﻝ اﻟداﺌم) ٬ ﻓـﺎﻟﻔ ارء ﻴﻘـوﻝ
ﺍﻟﺩﻋﻭﺓ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻧﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺿﺎﺋﻳﺔ ­ﺑﺣﺙ ﺗﺣﻠﻳﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻣﻭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺗﻠﻔﺯﻳﻭﻧﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻭﺿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻧﺎﺓ ﺃﻗﺭﺃ ﺍﻟﻔﺿﺎﺋﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻳﺔ­
Authors: ﺩ. ﻫﺎﺷﻡ ﺍﺣﻣﺩ ﻧﻐﻳﻣﺵ ﺍﻟﺯﻭﺑﻌﻲ  
Published: September 2023

اﻟﺤﻤد ﷲ رب اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴن واﻟﺼﻼة واﻟﺴﻼم ﻋﻠﻰ ﺴﻴدﻨﺎ ﻤﺤﻤد وﻋﻠﻰ آﻟﻪ وﺼـﺤﺒﻪ أﺠﻤﻌـﻴن وﺒﻌـد

ﻓﺈن اﻟدﻋوة اﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﺘﻌﺎﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺼر اﻟ ارﻫن ﻤن ﺤﺎﻟﺔ وﻫن واﻀﺤﺔ ﺒﻌـد ان ﺘﺤﺎﻟﻔـت ﻗـوى اﻟﺸـر

واﻟظـﻼم ﻀـد ﻫـذا اﻟـدﻴن وﺴـﺎﻋد ﻋﻠـﻰ زﻴـﺎدة ﻫـذا اﻟـوﻫن ﺠﻬـﻝ ﻛﺜﻴـر ﻤـن اﻟﻤﺴـﻠﻤﻴن ﺒﺄﻫﻤﻴـﺔ اﻟوﺴـﺎﺌﻝ

اﻻﺘﺼـﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺤدﻴﺜـﺔ ﻟﻠـدﻋوة اﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﻤﻤـﺎ أدى إﻟـﻰ ﻋـدم اﺴـﺘﺨدام ﺘﻠـك اﻟوﺴـﺎﺌﻝ اﺴـﺘﺨداﻤﺎً اﻤﺜـﻝ

ﺒﻬدف اﻟدﻋوة إﻟﻰ اﻹﺴﻼم ٕواﻋﻼم اﻟﻨﺎس ﺒﻬذا اﻟدﻴن اﻟذي ﻫو رﺤﻤﺔٌ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻤﻠﻴن.
وﺘﻌد اﻟﻘﻨوات اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺌﻴﺔ - اﻟﺘﻲ اﺨﺘرﻗت اﻟﺤواﺠز واﻟﺤدود ووﺼﻝ ﺒﺜﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ ﻛﻝ ﻤﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ ﻫذا

اﻟﻌﺎﻟم - ﻤن أﻫم وﺴﺎﺌﻝ اﻻﺘﺼﺎﻝ اﻟﺤدﻴﺜﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻤﻛـن اﺴـﺘﺜﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﻟﻠـدﻋوة اﻟـﻰ دﻴـن اﻹﺴـﻼم ٕواﻋـﻼم
اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴن ﻓﻲ ﻛﻝ ﻤﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﻌﺎﻟم ﺒﻤﻀﺎﻤﻴن ﻫذا اﻟدﻴن وﺘوﻋﻴﺘﻬم ﺒﺄﻤور دﻴﻨﻬم .

وﺒﻨـﺎ ًء ﻋﻠـﻰ أﻫﻤﻴـﺔ اﻟﻘﻨـوات اﻟﻔﻀـﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻟﻠـدﻋوة اﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻴﺔ ٬ ﺠـﺎء ﻫـذا اﻟﺒﺤـث ﻟﻴﺘﻨـﺎوﻝ اﻟـدﻋوة
اﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻨوات اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﺨذا ﻤن ﻗﻨﺎة اﻗ أر اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺌﻴﺔ اﻹﺴﻼﻤﻴﺔ د ارﺴﺔ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻤوﻀوﻋﺎً ﻟﻬـذا

اﻟﺒﺤث. وﻗـد ﻋـرف اﻟﺒﺎﺤـث اﻟـدﻋوة اﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻴﺔ وﺤـدد أﺸـﻛﺎﻝ وﻗواﻟـب اﻟﻤـواد اﻟﺘﻠﻔزﻴوﻨﻴـﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤـدة ﻓـﻲ

ﻤﻌظــم اﻟﻘﻨــوات اﻟﺘﻠﻔزﻴوﻨﻴــﺔ ﻟﻠوﺼــوﻝ إﻟــﻰ اﻷﺸــﻛﺎﻝ واﻟﻘواﻟــب اﻟﻤﺴــﺘﺨدﻤﺔ ﻓــﻲ ﻗﻨــﺎة اﻗــ أر اﻟﻔﻀــﺎﺌﻴﺔ

اﻹﺴـﻼﻤﻴﺔ وﻴﻌـد ﻫـذا اﻟﺒﺤـث ﻤـن اﻟﺒﺤـوث اﻟوﺼـﻔﻴﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﺴـﺘﺨدم ﻤـﻨﻬﺞ اﻟﻤﺴـﺢ ﻤﺴـﺘﻌﻴﻨﺎً ﺒﺎﺴـﺘﻤﺎرة

اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴــﻝ ﺒوﺼــﻔﻬﺎ أداة ﺒﺤﺜﻴــﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻠﻴــﻝ وﺠﻤــﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﻠوﻤــﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘــﺔ ﺒﺎﻟظــﺎﻫرة ﻟﻠوﺼــوﻝ إﻟــﻰ ﻨﺘــﺎﺌﺞ

ودﻻﻻت ﻴﻬدف إﻟﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﺤث .

وﺤدد اﻟﺒﺎﺤـث ﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ ﺒﺤﺜـﻪ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤـواد اﻟﺘﻠﻔزﻴوﻨﻴـﺔ اﻟﻤﻌروﻀـﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﻗﻨـﺎة اﻗـ أر اﻟﻔﻀـﺎﺌﻴﺔ واﺨﺘـﺎر

ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻤدﻴﺔ أﻤدﻫﺎ أﺴﺒوع ﻛﺎﻤﻝ أﺨﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻠﻴﻝ ﻋن طرﻴق اﻟﻤﺴﺢ اﻟﺸﺎﻤﻝ ﻟﻠﻌﻴﻨﺔ.

وﻗد واﺠﻪ اﻟﺒﺎﺤـث ﺒﻌـض اﻟﺼـﻌوﺒﺎت أﺜﻨـﺎء ﻛﺘﺎﺒـﺔ اﻟﺒﺤـث وﺘﺤدﻴـد اﻟﻌﻴﻨـﺔ ﺘﻤﺜﻠـت ﻓـﻲ اﻷﺤـداث

اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺸـﻬدﺘﻬﺎ ﻤدﻴﻨـﺔ اﻟﻔﻠوﺠـﺔ ﺒﻌـد ﺘﻌرﻀـﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻬﺠـوم اﻟﺸـﺎﻤﻝ ﻤـن ﻗﺒـﻝ ﻗـوات اﻟﻤـﺎرﻴﻨز اﻷﻤرﻴﻛﻴـﺔ ﻓـﻲ

٢٠٠٤ / ١١/٨ م وﺘﺸـرﻴد أﻫﻠﻬـﺎ وﻤـن ﺒﻴـﻨﻬم اﻟﺒﺎﺤـث وﻋﺎﺌﻠﺘـﻪ وﻤـﺎ أﻋﻘـب اﻻﺠﺘﻴـﺎح ﻤـن ﺘـدﻤﻴر ﺸـﺒﻪ

ﻛﺎﻤﻝ ﻟﻤدﻴﻨﺔ اﻟﻔﻠوﺠﺔ وﺘﻌطﻴﻝ ﺨدﻤﺎت اﻟﻛﻬرﺒـﺎء واﻟﻬـﺎﺘف واﻻﻨﺘرﻨﻴـت وﻤـﺎ ﺘرﻛﺘـﻪ ﻫـذﻩ اﻷﺤـداث ﻤـن

اﺜـر ﻨﻔﺴـﻲ ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﺒﺎﺤـث ﺠﻌﻠﺘـﻪ ﻴﺘـﺄﺨر ﺒﻌـض اﻟﺸـﻲء ﻓـﻲ إﻨﺠـﺎز ﻫـذا اﻟﺒﺤـث. وﻗﺴـم اﻟﺒﺎﺤـث ﻫـذا
اﻟﺒﺤث إﻟﻰ ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻓﺼوﻝ ﻛﺎن اﻟﻔﺼﻝ اﻷوﻝ ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﻤﺨﺼﺼﺎ ﻟﻺطﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﻬﺠﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﺤـث ﺤﻴـث ﻋـرض
ﺍﻟﻌﻭﻟﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻣﺳﺭﺡ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﺑﺎﺕ ﻧﻅﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺗﻁﺑﻳﻘﺎﺕ ﻗﺑﻠﻳﺔ
Authors: ﺩ. ﺯﻫﻳﺭ ﻛﺎﻅﻡ ﺍﻟﺷﻣﺭﻱ  
Published: September 2023

إن ﻏﺎﻟﺒﻴــﺔ اﻟﺘﻌرﻴﻔــﺎت اﻟﺘــﻲ ﺘﻨﺎوﻟــت ﻤﺎﻫﻴــﺔ اﻟﻌوﻟﻤــﺔ ﻤﺘﺸــﻌﺒﺔ وﻤﺘﻌــددة وﺘﻨﺤــﺎز ﺒﻬــﺎ ﻨﺤــو
اﻹﺸﻛﺎﻟﻴﺔ ٬ ذﻟك أن ﺤﺘﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺠدﻝ واﻟﻤﺴﺎﺠﻠﺔ ﺤوﻝ ﺤدودﻫﺎ وﻤﺴـﺎﺤﺘﻬﺎ واﻟﻔﻀـﺎءات اﻟﻤﺘﻐـﺎﻴرة
ﻤﺎﺒﻴﻨﻬﺎ ٬ ﻤﻨﺤت اﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴن ﻓﺴﺤﺔ ﻟﺘﺄوﻴﻠﻬﺎ اﺴﺘﻨﺎداً ﻟﺨﺼوﺼﻴﺎﺘﻬم وﺒﻨﺎءاﺘﻬم اﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻔﻛرﻴـﺔ ٬
وأﻨﻤﺎط اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻤﺘداوﻟـﺔ ﻓـﻲ أﺴـواق اﻟﻤﻌرﻓـﺔ ٬ ﻛـﻝ ﻫـذﻩ اﻟـذاﺘﻴﺎت ﺘؤﺸـر ﺘﺼـو ارت ﻓـﻲ اﻟـذﻫن
ﺘﺨﻠص إﻟﻰ ﻋﻼﻤﺎت اﺴﺘﻔﻬﺎم ﻤﺘﺤﻴرة وﻤﺘﺴﺎﺌﻠﺔ ٬ ﻤـﺎذا ﺘﻌﻨـﻲ اﻟﻌوﻟﻤـﺔ ؟ وﺨﺼوﺼـﺎً ﻓـﻲ إطـﺎر
اﻟوﻋﻲ واﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ وأﻨﻤﺎط اﻻﺘﺼﺎﻝ وﻤﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺴرح ٬ ﻫﻝ ﻫﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻨﻰ اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ اﻟﺤدﻴﺜﺔ ؟ أم
ﻫـﻲ ﺘﺠـﺎوز اﻟﺤـدود ﺒـﻴن ﻤـﺎ ﻫـو ﻤﺤﻠـﻲ وﻗـوﻤﻲ وﻋـﺎﻟﻤﻲ ؟ أم ﻫـﻲ ﻤﺸـروع ﺘﺄﺴـﻴس ﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓـﺔ
أﺤﺎدﻴﺔ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ وﻤﻐﺎﻴرة ﻟﻤﺎ ﻫو ﺴﺎﺌد ؟ أم ﻫﻲ ﻓرض ﻨﻤط ﻀد ﻨﻤط؟ أم ﺼ ارع ﻤدﻨﻴﺔ ﺤدﻴﺜـﺔ
ﻤﻊ ﺤﻀﺎ ارت أﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﺘ ارﻛم وﻋﻲ أﺠﻴﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﺒر اﻟزﻤن ﺘﻨﺎﺼـﺎً ﻓﻛـون ﻤﻨﻬﺠـﺎً ﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻤﻴـﺎً ﻟﻠظـواﻫر
اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻨﺔ ٬ واﻟﻤﺎو ارﺌﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺘرة ﻟﻠﻌﻼﻗﺎت اﻟواﻋﻴﺔ واﻟﻼ واﻋﻴﺔ ﺒﻴن أﻓ ارد اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌـﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﻌـددة
داﺨﻝ إطﺎر اﻷﻤﺔ اﻟواﺤدة واﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻨوﻋت ﻤﻨﻬﺠﻴﺎﺘﻬﺎ وﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻤﻬـﺎ رﻏـم اﻋﺘﻤﺎدﻫـﺎ ﻗواﻋـد ﻤﺸـﺘرﻛﺔ
ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺘﺄﺴـﻴس واﻟﺘﺠـذﻴر ٬ أم ﻫـﻲ ﺘﺒـﺎدﻝ ﻤﺼـﻠﺤﺎﺘﻲ ﺒـﻴن ﺜﻘﺎﻓـﺔ وأﺨـرى ﻤـﻊ اﻻﻋﺘـ ارف ﺒـﺎﻟﺤق
ﻟﻛﻝ ﻤﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺒﺎﻻﺴﺘﻤ ارر واﻟﻐﻨﻰ وﻓق اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر واﻟﻘواﻨﻴن اﻟﺘوارﺜﻴﺔ اﻻﺨﺘﻼﻓﻴـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺠـذرﺘﻬﺎ ﻓـﻲ

أﻟذات اﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﻘوﻤﻴﺔ .
وﺒﻌـد ﻫـذﻩ اﻟﺘﺴـﺎؤﻻت ﻛﻴـف ﺘـ ارءت ﺼـورة اﻟﻌوﻟﻤـﺔ وﺠوﻫرﻫـﺎ وﻤﺤﻴطﻬـﺎ ﻓـﻲ ذﻫـن اﻟﻤـواطن

اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ ﻋﻤوﻤﺎ واﻟﻤﺜﻘف ﺨﺼوﺼﺎ ؟:-
ﻟـو ﺘﻨﺎوﻟﻨـﺎ آ ارء اﻟﻤﺜﻘﻔـﻴن اﻟﻌـرب ﻟﺨﻠﺼـﻨﺎ إﻟـﻰ أﻨـﺔ وﻤـرة أﺨـرى ﻴﺤﺼـﻝ اﻨﺸـطﺎر ﻓـﻲ اﻟـذﻫن
اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ ٬ ﻴوﻟـد أزﻤـﺔ ﺠدﻴـدة ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓـﺔ اﻟﻌرﺒﻴـﺔ ٬ أزﻤـﺔ طرﻓﺎﻫـﺎ ﻤـن ﻫـو ﻤﺘﺠـﺎﻨس ﻤـﻊ ﻤﻔـﺎﻫﻴم
اﺒﻬرﺘـﺔ ﺼـورﻫﺎ ﻓـ ارح وﺒﺎﺴـم اﻟﺤداﺜـﺔ ٬ ﻴﺘﺤـزب ﻟﻔﻛـرة ﻟـم ﺘﻛﺘﻤـﻝ ﺒﻌـد ﺨطوطﻬـﺎ اﻷوﻟﻴـﺔ ٬ وﻟـم
ﻨﺘﻠﻤس ﺨﺼﺎﻟﻬﺎ إﻻ ﻤن ﺨﻼﻝ دﻋوات ورؤى ٕواﻴﻘﺎﻋﺎت ﻤﺘﻨﺎﻓرة ﺴﺎﺤت ﻓوق أﺴطﺢ اﻟﻤﺠـﻼت
واﻟﺼـﺤف اﻟﻌرﺒﻴـﺔ ٬ ﺤﺘـﻰ ﺼـﺎرت أطﻴـﺎف وأﺤـﻼم ﺒﻌـض ﻤﻨﺘظرﻴﻨـﺎ وﻤﺜﻘﻔﻴﻨـﺎ ﻤﺼـد اًر ﻹﻗـ ارر
ﻤﺒﺎدﺌﻬﺎ رﻏم ﻋدم ﻤﻌﺎﻴﺸﺘﻬم ﻟظروف ﻨﺸﺄﺘﻬﺎ ٬ ورﻏم ﻋﻨﺎدﻫم ﻤﻊ ذاﺘﻬم واﻵﺨرﻴن ﻓـﻲ ﺘطـرﻓﻬم

واﻨﺤﻴﺎزﻫم ﻟﻬﺎ دون وﻋﻲ ٕواد ارك ﻟﻤﺎ ﺴﺘؤوﻝ إﻟﻴﻪ ﻏداً.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Somatic Auditory Visualization Intelectually (SAVI) terhadap Keterampilan Sosial dan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa Kelas X
Authors: Erniati Nining , Royani Ida , Imran Ali 
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the Somatic Auditory Visualization Intellectually (SAVI) learning model on social skills and cognitive learning outcomes of students of class X MA NW Sanggeng in the 2016/2017 academic year. The type of research used is quasi-experimental (quasi-experimental). The research design used was pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design. The population in this study were all students of class X MA NW Sanggeng in the 2016/2017 academic year as many as 33 people consisting of 2 classes, namely class X-A consisting of 16 students and class X-B consisting of 17 students. The sample of this study was taken with a saturated sample technique. Class X-A as the experimental class and class X-B as the control class. The instruments used in this study were lesson plans implementation sheets, student social skills observation sheets and student learning outcomes tests (objective or multiple choice tests). The data analysis technique used to analyze the data from this study was polled variance tests. The results of data analysis showed that there were differences in the improvement of cognitive learning outcomes between students who used the somatic auditory visualization intellectually (SAVI) learning model and students who did not use the somatic auditory visualization intellectual (SAVI) learning model. Social skills in the experimental class with an average value of 75% (active) and in the control class with an average value of 66.22% (active). The results of the t-test are known that the value of tcount is 5.237 which is consulted with at the 5% significance level of 1.696 so that tcount > ttable H0 is rejected (Ha is accepted). This means that there is an effect of using the somatic auditory visualization intellectually (SAVI) learning model on social skills and cognitive learning outcomes of class X MA NW Sanggeng students.
Khasiat Ekstrak Etanol Teh Hijau terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Fadila Nahdiah Zahra 
Published: September 2023

Research about green tea ethanol extract efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been finished. The green tea leaves were sourced from Agro Wonosari Tea Plantation, Malang Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. Green tea leaves extract was obtained by maceration technique in which green tea leaves were soaked with ethanol 96% for 24 hours. After that, the filtrate was concentrated to be thick extract with no liquid content again. After that, the concentrated extract was made by 5%, 10% and 15% as extract variations. The efficacy of green tea ethanol extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was signed by increasing the inhibitory diameter that using disc method, in which the distilled water was used as negative blank. The results obtained for blanks, 5%, 10% and 15% extracts were 0; 1.85; 2.9 and 4.45 mm. The conclusion of this study is that the concentration of the extract is increasing proportionally to its inhibitory power, the higher of extract concentration is higher of its inhibitory activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The conclusion described the green tea ethanol extract was effective to be antibacterial agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Pengawasan (Monitoring) Sebagai Upaya Dalam Pencegahan Pembiayaan Murabahah Bermasalah
Authors: Siregar Anri akta Perdana , Mustapa Khamal Rokan  , Budi Harianto  
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis factor dominan Pengawasan (Monitoring) Sebagai Upaya Dalam Pencegahan Pembiayaan Murahabah Bermasalah (KCP BSI Medan Marelan). Metode yang digunakan metode kuantitaif, dengan menggunakan sampel sebanyak 10 karyawan, variabel X adalah 7P dan 1S serta variabel Y adalah pengawasan pembiayaan murahabah, teknik pengumpulan data yang diguanakan adalah angket Skala Likert dengan teknik analisa data menggunakan analisis factor Barletts test sphericity dan Kiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) dan uji dengan meninterprestasikan faktor (factor loading minimum 0,4) dilakukan dengan IBM SPSS 27 for windows. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah (a) terbentuk 2 factor untuk penilaian pengawasan (monitoring) diantaranya factor primer dan faktor 2 diberikan nama dengan factor sekunder; (b) factor yang paling dominan adalah factor primer yang meliputi character; capital, capacity dan condition of economy. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan pengawasan upaya dalam pencegahan pembiayaan murahabah bermasalah pada KCP BSI Marelan mengutamakan hubungan pribadi dan social nasabah, perekenomiaan usaha dan keadaan atau perjalanan usaha yang dilakukan nasabah.
Leveraging Youth Employment Through Human Resource Practices and Vocational Education in Asia
Authors: Falendra Kumar Sudan  
Published: September 2023

This paper reviewed how human resource (HR) practices and vocational education leverage you temployment in Asian countries, presented a statistical analysis of youth unemployment and employment, an formulated policy proposals that influence youth employment through HR practices and technical and vocational education and training (TVET). The study has used multiple data sources for data triangulation and combined qualitative and quantitative research. The study reveals that inadequate knowledge and skills have been responsible for substantial youth unemployment in Asian economies. Novel technologies and innovations cause substantial skills gaps in labor markets. Disruptive technologies make it difficult to predict future job skills. The existing skills in organizations engaged in information technology/business process outsourcing and tourism are becoming obsolete. Similarly, organizations engaged in financial services and advanced manufacturing are vulnerable to disruption. Therefore, HR practices in organizations need to adopt a more forward-looking approach and equip young workers with cross-job skills that enable them to perform new tasks. Therefore, skilled, knowledgeable, and trainable human resources should be recruited to perform human resource management tasks including routine and specialized activities. Besides, emerging employment opportunities in the context of new technologies should be tapped by developing compatible skills by reorienting existing educational and vocational education through robust TVET programs.
Chronotope of identity discourse in contemporary fiction
Authors: Кривенькая М.А. 
Published: September 2023

Дискурс идентичности в произведениях современной художественной литературы развивается в сложной структурно-семантической взаимосвязи с хронотопом произведения, одновременно зависит от него и оказывает на него влияние. Автор прослеживает структурную корреляцию этих явлений как пространственно-временных континуумов, сопряжение и подвижность их границ в философском и историко-культурном аспектах.
The discourse of identity in modern fiction develops in a complex structural-semantic relationship with the chronotope of the work, depending on it and influencing it at the same time. The author traces the structural correlation of these phenomena as environment and temporal continuums, the interaction and mobility of their boundaries in philosophical and historical-cultural aspects.
Experience of spiritual rehabilitation of people with disabilities at Islamic educational centers
Authors: Зарипов И.И. 
Published: September 2023

Защита людей с ОВЗ и забота о них является залогом нравственного здоровья членов общества и самого общества. Инвалидность не является барьером либо препятствием, лишающим человека возможности серьезного участия в построении общества. Но многие мусульмане с ОВЗ остаются без должного внимания со стороны общества и государства. Благодаря усилиям правительства и активистов, были созданы многочисленные программы и проекты, направленные на помощь таким людям. Необходимо отметить значимость религиозного образования для этой категории людей. Повышение осведомленности широкой общественности о проблемах людей с нарушениями слуха и речи поможет создать более дружественную, инклюзивную среду для всех людей, в том числе и для мусульманского сообщества. Развитие программы дополнительного образования для мусульман с нарушениями слуха и речи является одним из важных шагов к созданию более справедливого, равноправного общества.
Protecting and caring for people with disabilities is key to the moral health of members of society and society itself. Disability is neither a barrier nor an obstacle that deprives a person of the possibility of serious participation in building society. However, many Muslims with disabilities remain neglected by society and the state. Thanks to the efforts of the government and activists, numerous programs and projects have been created to help those people. It is necessary to note the importance of religious education for this category of people. Raising awareness of the public about the problems of people with hearing and speech impairments will help to create a friendlier, inclusive environment for all people, including the Muslim community. Developing an additional education program for Muslims with hearing and speech impairments is one important step toward creating a more just, equitable society.
Church Slavonic language in the school curriculum as a tool for transmission of spiritual and moral values
Authors: Кузьмина М.А. 
Published: September 2023

Цель настоящей работы – продемонстрировать пути актуализации в школьной программе церковнославянского языка как инструмента трансляции духовно-нравственных ценностей. Автор решает следующие задачи: анализ ценностных оснований современного образования; обоснование необходимости включения церковнославянского языка в школьную программу по праву исторической преемственности и ради его значимости с точки зрения трансляции традиционной духовности; определение направления педагогических усилий по формированию личности – носителя церковнославянского языка; анализ понятия «прецедентного текста» применительно к текстам, изучаемым на уроке церковнославянского языка.
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the ways of actualization of the Church Slavonic language in the school curriculum as a tool for the transmission of spiritual and moral values. The author analyzes the value bases of modern education, and justifies the need for including the Church Slavonic language in the school curriculum by the right of historical continuity and for the sake of its importance from the point of view of the transmission of traditional spirituality. She sets the direction of pedagogical efforts to form a personality of a Church Slavonic language speaker, and analyzes the concept of “precedent text” in relation to the texts studied at the lesson of the Church Slavonic language.