bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHALLENGES AND REWARDS EXPERIENCED IN THE VERY OLD PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP: RELATIONSHIP QUALITY MATTERS
Authors: Boerner Kathrin , Kim Kyungmin , Kim Yijung , Gallagher Elizabeth , Jopp Daniela 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Very old parents and their “old” children are a growing group in industrialized countries worldwide. However, little is known about the nature and implications of this relationship constellation, especially the challenges and/or rewards experienced within the relationship. We therefore examined factors associated with perceptions of challenge and reward among very old parents and their children. Using data from 114 very old parent-child dyads in the Boston Aging Together Study, we estimated Actor-Partner Interdependence Models to predict challenge, reward, and challenge/reward ratio outcomes of dyad members as a function of relationship quality, support exchanges, family norms, and personality. Relationship quality emerged as the most influential predictor, albeit more consistently for children than for parents. When children experienced the parent-child relationship as more positive, both children and parents experienced fewer challenges and more rewards (i.e., both actor and partner effect). Parents’ experience of relationship quality was only associated with their own challenge perceptions (i.e., actor effect only). The roles of support exchanges, family norms, and personality were relatively minor, with few significant effects if at all. Given the importance of relationship quality for challenge and reward perceptions, support services or interventions targeting relationship quality could be a key pathway to minimizing challenges and maximizing rewards among very old parents and their children. Focusing on relationship perceptions of the child may be particularly critical in improving the experiences of both parent and child.
CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARISONS OF STRESS AND WELL-BEING IN THE INTERNATIONAL FAMILY OF HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDIES
Authors: Park Yoobin , Crosswell Alexandra , Phillips Drystan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Strong evidence demonstrates the long-term influence of stress and well-being on psychological, social, and physical health outcomes across the lifespan. Because of this, stress and well-being measures have been added to nearly all of the International Family of Health and Retirement Studies. However, this newly available data has not been compared cross-nationally or within-country to unpack how culture influences these important predictors of healthy aging. Using the Gateway to Global Aging Data, which provides harmonized data from the Health and Retirement Study and its sibling nationally representative studies, levels of self-reported stress (e.g. job stress, discrimination, loneliness) and well-being (e.g. quality of life, life satisfaction) are compared across 30 countries. Data come from the following studies: HRS, ELSA, SHARE, TILDA, CHARLS, KLoSA, MHAS, and JSTAR. We used data from the latest study wave for which the relevant survey was implemented. Average age of participants across studies is 67 and 55% are women. Initial analyses show stressor specific findings such as participants in Korea reported greater work stress than participants in Japan, England, the United States, and across Europe, and the United States reported higher loneliness than China and England, but not higher than Ireland. Reporting cross-national and within-country variation in these measures will be generative in pointing to new research directions for understanding how culture influences health and aging trajectories.
ORALLY ACTIVE, CLINICALLY TRANSLATABLE SENOLYTICS RESTORE Α-KLOTHO IN MICE AND HUMANS
Authors: Zhu Yi , Prata Larissa Langhi , Gerdes Erin Wissler , Netto Jair , Pirtskhalava Tamar , Giorgadze Nino , Tripathi Utkarsh , Inman Christina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Decreased α-Klotho, a geroprotective factor, and increased senescent cell burden are both associated with early onset of physical disability, cognitive impairment, and premature all-cause mortality. It has been demonstrated that eliminating senescent cells can enhance physical function, cognition, and survival in mice, as does overexpressing α-Klotho. Mice with low α-Klotho exhibit accelerated senescent cell accumulation, recombinant α-Klotho decreases senescent cell burden and restores lifespan in these mice, and senescent epidermal cells are reduced in mice overexpressing α-Klotho. Here, we tested the hypothesis that senescent cells cause decreased α-Klotho and hence that reducing senescent cells can increase α-Klotho. Senescent cell conditioned medium (CM) reduced α-Klotho in cultured non-senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), renal tubular endothelial cells, and astrocytes. These effects of senescent CM were partially attenuated by neutralizing antibodies against the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, activin A and IL-1α. Transplanting senescent cells into younger mice caused decreased urine and brain α-Klotho. Genetically reducing highly p16Ink4a-expressing cells in old INK-ATTAC mice or administering the senolytics, Dasatinib plus Quercetin (D+Q) or Fisetin (F), to young mice transplanted with senescent cells, young diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, or naturally-aged mice increased urine, kidney, and/or brain α-Klotho. Treating patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a cellular senescence-related disease, with D+Q led to increased urinary α-Klotho. Thus, targeting senescent cells causes increases in the geroprotective factor α-Klotho, potentially amplifying the beneficial effects of senolytic drugs.
INTERMITTENT KETOGENIC DIETS EXTEND LIFESPAN AND ATTENUATE INFLAMMAGING IN MALE MICE
Authors: Zhou Zeyu , Kim Kyoungmi , Ramsey Jon , Rutkowsky Jennifer 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A ketogenic diet (KD) has been shown to increase functional lifespan in male mice when fed isocalorically to a control diet (CD). However, it is not clear if intermittent ketogenic diets (IKD) that induce brief and recurring periods of ketosis would be as effective at prolonging lifespan. In the present study, 12-month-old C57BL/6JN male mice were fed an intermittent single day KD (KD fed on Mon, Wed and Fri each week, IK1) or 2-day KD (KD fed on 2 consecutive days each week, IK2). These two IKD regimes were selected to mimic the widely used alternate-day or 5:2 intermittent fasting approaches, without the caloric deficit. Our results showed that lifespan was significantly increased in both IK1 and IK2 groups, with IK1 showing a 13.6% and IK2 showing a 7.9% increase in median lifespan compared to the CD (p &lt; 0.01). At 27 months of age, levels of circulating proinflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased in IK1 and IK2 mice compared to control mice. Also, levels of proinflammatory cytokines were significantly elevated in 27-month-old control mice compared to 12-month-old mice, while levels in IK1 and IK2 mice were not significantly altered with aging, and these effects were still persistent during days the animals were fed the CD. Unlike the continuous KD, health span measures were not altered in IK1 or IK2 mice at 26 months of age. In summary, IKDs that produce shorts episodes of ketosis can be effective at extending longevity in mice, possibly by attenuating systemic inflammation with aging.
TESTING A DYADIC SLEEP INTERVENTION FOR PERSONS LIVING WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND THEIR CARE PARTNERS
Authors: Brewster Glenna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sleep disturbance is prevalent among persons living with cognitive impairment (PLWCI) and their care partners, suggesting that dyadic sleep disturbance is an interdependent phenomenon. There is also interdependence in the dyadic sleep disturbance. Despite the pervasiveness of shared sleep disturbance among these dyads and its negative impact on dyadic health outcomes, there are remarkably few interventions for sleep disturbance in which both members of the dyad participate. This study examines sleep outcomes of PLWCI-care partner dyads with insomnia symptoms. Dyads were simultaneously participating in a cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia intervention. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Insomnia Severity Index assessed daytime sleepiness and insomnia, respectively, at baseline and immediately post-intervention. We compared pre- and post-intervention ESS and ISI scores. For the 14 participants (n=7 dyads), care partners were spouses, on average 71.6 years, female (100%) and highly educated (18.85 years). The PLWCI were on average 73.85 years with 18.28 years of education. Daytime sleepiness improved for four and worsened for two care partners. It improved for three and worsened for three PLwCI. Insomnia improved for five care partners and four PLwCI. Two dyads experienced congruent improvement of daytime sleepiness. Four dyads reported congruent improvement of insomnia symptoms. A behavioral sleep intervention simultaneously engaging both the PLWCI and the care partners resulted in a reduction in insomnia and daytime sleepiness symptoms for most of the participants. This study provides preliminary evidence that PLwCI-care partner dyads with sleep disturbance can work together to improve their sleep outcomes.
SUPPORT AND UTILIZATION OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSES IN LONG-TERM CARE TO MAXIMIZE OUTCOMES AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE
Authors: Johnson Alisha , Harrison Tracie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Incorporation of Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) into Long-Term Care (LTC) results in sustained positive outcomes and has potential to help guide LTC facilities in times of emergency such as the COVID-19 pandemic. To optimally utilize the role of an APRN in the care of older adults and people with disabilities requires understanding the needs of LTC while balancing the personal characteristics of APRNs transitioning into practice (TTP). Findings from an ethnographic dataset (participant observations, interviews, field notes) of a cohort of 9 APRNs embedded full-time into 5 LTC settings over their first year of practice (overlapping with the first 3 ½ months of the COVID-19 pandemic) were integrated to glean lessons about LTC and APRN characteristics associated with successful APRN transition and utilization during stable and emergent care. Guided by a complexity science sensitizing framework focused on emergent and holistic systems, findings lead to multiple conclusions. The ability to influence positive outcomes in routine and emergent situations must be modeled. APRNs require meaningful mentoring relationships and acceptance by administrators and practitioners to develop successful TTP. Successful TTP included their embrace of role as resident caretaker, their participation in facility quality improvement, and their positive impact in an emergency response. Utilization and transition were enabled by facilities with organized characteristics versus inhibited by chaotic ones, which was exacerbated by the pandemic. Personal role fulfillment drove many APRNs to push through adversity. Administrators must address and honor concerns and attempts at self-care during times of doubt.
PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS AND CAREGIVERS OF AN AUTOMATED ROBOT TO FACILITATE AGING IN PLACE
Authors: Case Donna , Velazquez Nathan , Savich Tatjana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study explored the perceptions of forty older adults 55+ and caregivers of the usefulness of the Labrador Retriever (https://labradorsystems.com/) in facilitating aging in place. Participants consisted of older adults who are enrolled in a PACE program or reside at The Village of Oakland Woods in southeastern Michigan as well as providers and board members of organizations that provide support to these older adults. Participants viewed an in-person demonstration of the Labrador Retriever before verbally completing a thirteen question survey with answers input by research team members. The questions were a combination of multiple choice questions such as ”Having seen the Labrador demonstration, do you think the Labrador Retriever System could help you in your setting?” followed by open ended questions such as “Having seen the Labrador Retriever, how might this system help you in your setting?”. A total of 9 qualitative themes related to the potential uses of the Labrador Retriever System were identified as: Medications, Aging in Place, Safety and Fall Prevention, Carrying Items (i.e. laundry, food, cleaning supplies), Hydration, Independence, Reducing Caregiver Burden, Nutrition, and Cognitive Issues. These themes are consistent with the barriers to aging in place identified in the literature.
THE EFFECT OF OBESITY ON COVID-19 OUTCOMES AMONG HOSPITALIZED OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Parianos Mary , Zadeh Ali Vaeli , Carrero Ricardo Criado , Marcano Claudia , Crawford Andrew , Collado Elias , Larned Joshua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
According to the CDC, approximately 30% of hospitalizations for COVID-19 infection between the onset of the pandemic and November 2020 were attributed to obesity. However, there is limited data on how obesity affects the overall outcome of COVID-19 in hospitalized older adults.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted using the PearlDiver database (PearlDiver Technologies, Fort Wayne, IN). Using ICD-10 codes, a cohort of patients aged 65–75 and Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI) &gt;4 with a history of obesity admitted for COVID-19 was identified. This cohort was matched with a group of patients with no history of obesity, considering age, gender, and ECI. Records from both groups were reviewed for multiple outcomes over 30 days following admission. Pearson’s chi-squared was used to compare groups. The strength of association was reported using Risk Ratios (RR). A p-value &lt; 0.05 was deemed significant.

Results
There were 151,429 members in each group. Obese individuals had a higher risk of 30-day all-cause readmission (RR=1.10, CI95% 1.07–1.11, p &lt; 0.0001), ICU admission (RR=1.11, CI95% 1.08–1.15, p &lt; 0.0001), acute thromboembolic events (RR=1.14, CI95% 1.07–1.2, p &lt; 0.001), and deep venous thrombosis (RR=1.21, CI95% 1.12–1.32, p &lt; 0.00001). There was no difference in length of hospitalization.

Conclusion
Obesity is a modifiable risk factor that negatively affects COVID-19 outcomes in the older population. Given the prevalence of obesity in our population, primary and secondary obesity prevention is more important than ever.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHILDHOOD ADVERSITY AND MENTAL HEALTH IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Lian James , Anstey Kaarin , Kiely Kim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
There is a need to understand how early adversity is linked with mental health in older adults. The aim of this study was to 1) explore the optimal way to operationalise a scale of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and 2) examine the association between ACEs with depression and anxiety in older adulthood.

Methods
Data were from Wave 1 of the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life Project (N = 7485, 51% women). Older adults aged 60–65 reported their childhood experiences of domestic adversity on a 17-item scale (e.g., physical abuse, neglect, poverty). Depression and anxiety were assessed using four validated screening instruments (GDS, GAS, MCS-12, PHQ-9). Three approaches to scoring the ACE scale were compared: i) cumulative risk, ii) factor analysis, and iii) latent class analysis (LCA). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the dimensional model of adversity and psychopathology was examined. Linear regression models estimated associations between ACEs and mental health, adjusting for age, race, education, and gender.

Results
Childhood adversity was associated with late life depression and anxiety using the cumulative risk approach. CFA examined latent factors of threat and deprivation in our dataset, which were highly correlated, leading to problems with multicollinearity when estimating associations. Finally, LCA revealed six classes of ACEs: high adversity, low adversity, low affection, authoritarian upbringing, high parental dysfunction, and moderate parental dysfunction. High adversity and high parental dysfunction were associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety symptoms compared to other latent classes.
INTERGENERATIONAL CONNECTIONS: TURNING POINTS IN COLLEGE STUDENT ATTITUDES ABOUT OLDER ADULTS AND AGING
Authors: Watson Wendy , Faulkner Sandra , Pollino Madison , Shatterly Jaclyn , Stelle Charlie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Intergenerational Connections was a semester-long community-based engagement project in which thirty-four undergraduate students enrolled in a relational communication course met via Zoom with older adults in a long-term care facility for four dialogues about close relationships. The project used a Critical Interpersonal and Family Communication Pedagogy approach to have students critically engage with stereotypes and expectations about older adults through class readings, discussion, and interaction. The students wrote reflections after each dialogue and a final reflection expressing their expectations and experiences of interacting with an older adult. We analyzed the reflections using a turning point analysis and found two turning points related to Perceptions of Aging and Developmental Changes and Understanding and Expectations of Relationships. Students recognized stereotypes they held about older adults and aging and how engaging with an older adult dispelled many of those assumptions. Students were surprised by how much they had in common with their older adult partner. They learned about relationships through their dialogues with their partner and found many “words of wisdom” they wanted to incorporate into their relationships. In their final papers, students reflected on being advocates for older adults and how this project helped them understand that they can have conversations with older adults and not be afraid that they will not be able to connect. This paper will discuss how this community engagement project served to reframe aging for these young adults, and students’ recognition of the role that older adults play and the value that their involvement brings to society.
AFRICAN-AMERICAN ALZHEIMER’S CAREGIVER TRAINING AND SUPPORT PROJECT 2 PILOT STUDY: OUTCOMES ANALYSIS
Authors: Glueckauf Robert , Lampe Nik , Kazmer Michelle , Nowakowski Alexandra , Wang Yuxia , Thelusma Naomi , Williams Dominique , McGill-Scarlett Cordy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to conduct an initial evaluation of the quantitative and qualitative outcomes of the African-American Alzheimer’s Caregiver Training and Support Project 2 (ACTS2). Quantitative objectives focused on assessing changes in caregiver depression and health status, as well as the severity of caregiving and self-care problems from pre- to post-intervention. Secondary quantitative analyses examined post-treatment changes in social support and caregiver burden. Qualitative objectives included examining caregivers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of in-session training activities, quality of relationships among participants and their facilitator, and appraisals of spiritual elements of the program. Nine African American family caregivers of older adults with dementia completed the ACTS2 lay pastoral care facilitator-led, telephone cognitive-behavioral intervention. The twelve-week training program included 7 skills-building groups and 5 individual problem-solving sessions. Significant improvements were found on the majority of dependent measures, including caregiver depression, health status, problem severity, and social support. Qualitative analysis highlighted the value caregivers placed on relationships with their co-participants and group facilitators, the role of spirituality within the program, and the importance of goal setting in improving caregiver distress and self-care. Convergence was found between quantitative and qualitative findings, particularly improvements in the domains of caregiver distress, health status, and social support. Overall, the findings of the pilot study were promising. Replication using a randomized controlled design with a larger sample size is needed to test the reliability of the findings. Benefits of tailoring intervention to caregivers’ sociocultural preferences and spiritual values are also addressed.
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION THE QUESTIONNAIRE FOR MEDICAL CHECKUP OF OLD-OLD (QMCOO) - TAIWAN VERSION
Authors: Hung Jui-Ying 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In 2022, population over the age of 65 is currently about 3.8 million (accounting for about 16% of the total population) as an “aged society” in Taiwan. According to the report about the frailty of the elderly increases with age, especially 75 - 79 years old, are the most obvious functional decline (The Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2022). This trend that also happened in 2005, the interim report of the 3rd national health promotion measures showed an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus and obesity in Japan. In response to this, Dr. Satake and Dr. Arai (2020) develop the questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old-Old (QMCOO) suited measure frailty to people aged ≧75 years better and composed of 15 questions regarding the following 10 domains: health condition, mental health, eating behavior, oral function, body weight loss, physical function and falls, cognition function, smoking, social participation and social support implemented in April 2020. This study authorized by Dr. Satake et, al in August 2022, aims to translate the QMCOO in Chinese version and through expert discussions to confirm that there are no difference between the original version in Japanese/English, and the apply query specification for QMCOO in Taiwan. This study recruited 300 older adults in Taichung city to answer all the questions in QMCOO and analysis the diagnostic frailty distributed status compared to the data measure in the Kihon Checklist in the same time. This finding the cutoff scores 2/3 for the QMCOO might be effective in diagnosing frailty in Taiwan.
VALIDATION OF GLIM CRITERIA ON MALNUTRITION IN CHINESE OLDER INPATIENTS
Authors: Ji Tong , Li Yun , Liu Pan , Zhang Yaxin , Song Yu , Ma Lina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Backgrounds
Malnutrition is a nutritional disorder that has a high incidence and can lead to multiple poor prognoses, such as frailty. Early identification and correct evaluation of malnutrition are essential for improving clinical outcomes. Objective: Therefore, we aimed to explore the applicability and effectiveness of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criterion for identifying undernutrition in older inpatients.

Methods
In total, 223 participants aged ≥60 years were involved. Nutrition was evaluateded employing MNA-FF and GLIM criteria, which adopts a two-step procedure. The first step was to use three different methods for nutritional risk screening: NRS-2002, MNA-SF, and MUST. The second step is to diagnose undernutrition. The Clinical Frailty Scale was used to assess frailty. Sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, kappa values, and positive and negative predictive values were measured to test the validity of the GLIM criteria. Logistic regression models were used to assess whether there was a correlation between malnutrition and frailty.

Results
We found that 32.3–49.8% of inpatients were at risk of malnutrition based on the GLIM diagnosis using the three different screening tools, 19.3–27.8% of patients were malnourished. The GLIM criteria with MNA-SF as the diagnostic validation and MNA-FF as a reference showed high consistency (k = 0.629; p &lt; 0.001), sensitivity (90.5%), and specificity (86.4%). Logistic regression analysis showed that malnutrition, using MNA-SF with the GLIM criteria, was relevant to higher likelihood of frailty (OR=1.887; 95% CI: 1.184–2.589). Conclusions: The GLIM criteria with the MNA-SF may be a more reliable malnutrition assessment process in elderly inpatients.