bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Dynamic Surface Control for High‐Order Strict‐Feedback Systems With Input Saturation: A Fully Actuated System Approach
Authors: Xiao Yongqiang , Cai Guangbin , Hao Mingrui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe introduce an adaptive dynamic surface control (ADSC) method tailored for high‐order strict‐feedback systems (SFSs) with input saturation, utilizing the fully actuated system (FAS) approach. We simplify the steps in designing the controller by combining the FAS approach with ADSC method to directly control each high‐order subsystem as a complete entity, without the need to transform it into first‐order systems. Smooth functions and Nussbaum functions are applied to solve the problem of input saturation. We use a sequence of low‐pass filters to calculate the higher‐order derivatives of the virtual control law. Lyapunov stability theory is used to demonstrate that all signals within the closed‐loop system become uniformly bounded, with the tracking error ultimately converging to a small vicinity around zero. We validated the efficiency of the proposed method of control through simulations on a flexible joint manipulator system. In contrast to the traditional first‐order system method, which requires four virtual control laws, the proposed method in this paper necessitates only two, resulting in a smaller initial value of the control input.
Artificial intelligence in the COVID-19 pandemic: balancing benefits and ethical challenges in China’s response
Authors: Ding Xiaojun , Shang Bingxing , Xie Caifeng , Xin Jiayi , Yu Feng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) across various domains, notably in healthcare, epidemic management, and public sentiment analysis. Focusing on China as a case study, this paper critically examines AI’s societal and individual impacts during the pandemic. Through a synthesis of literature and case analyses, we highlight AI’s dualistic role—its potential benefits alongside emerging challenges related to privacy, security, autonomy, and freedom. The study emphasizes the crucial importance of public acceptance, normative frameworks, technological advancement, and global collaboration in navigating these challenges. We advocate for comprehensive social policies to govern AI responsibly, ensuring ethical integrity and efficiency in future public health crises. The insights aim to inform policy decisions, guide healthcare stakeholders, and enrich public discourse, promoting a balanced approach to AI in healthcare.
Aboriginal-constructed lizard traps on Western Australia’s south coast create reptile habitat and teach principles of granite outcrop conservation
Authors: Cramp Susie , Knapp Lynette , Paterson Harriet , Speldewinde Peter , Lullfitz Alison , Hopper Stephen D. 
Published: February 2025

Context Granite outcrops of the Southwest Australian Floristic Region are places of cultural and ecological significance that are at risk from human disturbance. Lizard traps are propped-up rock slabs on granite outcrops, constructed by Aboriginal peoples to create habitat for and to catch reptiles. Despite the cultural importance of traps, public awareness remains low, and they are at risk from destruction and removal. Lizard traps are likely ecologically important, but data supporting this have yet to be published. Aims We aimed to; (1) clarify the ecological role of lizard traps on Western Australia’s south coast; (2) address the hypothesis that lizard traps provide reptile habitat; and (3) explore what lizard traps teach us about conservation of granites. Methods Directed by Merningar Elder Lynette Knapp, and focused around Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve, we used time-lapse cameras to undertake a cross-cultural investigation into the ecological role of lizard traps. Key results We found at least seven reptile groups use lizard traps on Western Australia’s south coast for activities including thermoregulation and shelter. Reptile presence was observed at 60% of lizard traps over 1 day. We found no difference between natural exfoliation (known reptile habitat) and lizard traps in reptile occurrence, diversity, duration of presence, and thermal complexity. Elder Lynette Knapp shares that lizard traps were created for human survival, and they teach us that caring for granite Country involves minimising disturbance, deep knowledge of the landscape, and multi-generational thinking. Conclusions First Nations-constructed lizard traps create reptile habitat as a key principle of caring for granite Country. Implications Lizard traps are culturally and ecologically important features of granite outcrops that need greater recognition and protection.
Grazing management of Australian native woody regeneration as an effective nature-based climate-change solution
Authors: Waters C. M. , Hacker R. B. , Sekaran A. , Grant A. R. 
Published: February 2025

Rangelands are playing a major role in delivering ~50% of the Australian land-sector abatement across some 42 million ha. Carbon credits are an incentive for the regeneration of native woody vegetation through grazing management that remove past suppression activities preventing the establishment of forest cover.1 Although there are divergent views on the use of grazing management as a credible land management activity and carbon market mechanism, guidelines to support effective woody regeneration outcomes are lacking. We review the literature, adopting a case-study approach for the semi-arid rangelands in south-eastern Australia, asking ‘What is the capacity for grazing management to influence patterns of woody recruitment and growth’? The role of grazing in the context of woody plant encroachment and life stages of regeneration for mulga (Acacia aneura) were examined. We identify climate as the primary driver setting the potential for carbon accumulation and outline the capacity of grazing management to directly and indirectly affect temporal patterns of accretion, to influence initial site condition, germination and establishment, growth and mortality. Grazing management will determine the direction and pattern of carbon accumulation by influencing (i) the size of the seed pool available to commence the regeneration process and buffer the effects of preceding fire on seed production; (ii) the functionality of the landscape, suitability of seedbed conditions and resource retention; (iii) the successful establishment of woody seedlings through herbivory or trampling; (iv) the growth rate of young plants and time required to reach reproductive maturity or forest canopy height; and (v) fuel availability and the capacity to manage fire. On the basis of this information, we develop broad grazing management principles and guidelines. The question is therefore not about whether specific grazing management is essential to allow regeneration to occur, but the extent to which grazing management can allow the potential set by climate to be realised.
Determinants of intention to test for sexually transmitted infections among late adolescent women in the United States
Authors: Lederer Alyssa M. , Perry Callie Patterson 
Published: February 2025

Background Individuals aged 15–24 years are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States, and young women can face severe health consequences if STIs are left undiagnosed. Yet STI testing rates in this priority population remain low. Few studies incorporate health behavior theory to examine factors associated with STI testing among young women in the United States, which is vital for intervention development. This study therefore sought to identify the determinants of college-enrolled late adolescent women’s intentions to be tested for common STIs in the next 12 months using a theory-based approach. Methods Students who identified as female at a large Midwestern university completed an online survey about STIs (n = 171). Hierarchical multiple regression was used to assess the relationship between STI testing intention and the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA) global constructs of attitude, perceived norm, and perceived behavioral control, supplemented by STI knowledge, STI stigma, and STI shame. Results Findings indicate that the RAA global constructs predicted STI testing intention (P < 0.001), with perceived norm making the largest contribution. Neither STI knowledge, stigma, nor shame were significantly associated with STI testing intention. Conclusions Future interventions aimed at increasing STI testing among young women should focus on beliefs underlying the RAA global constructs and especially young women’s beliefs regarding other people’s support for getting tested for STIs.
Una visita clandestina
Authors: Ibáñez Tarín Margarita 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The secret meeting between Corpus Barga and Pablo Neruda in 1948, at the beginning of the Cold War, serves as a starting point to reflect on the relationship between two anti-fascist writers in a bipolar world. In the face of Neruda’s communist radicalization, Corpus Barga maintained positions of independent critical judgment. In this article we are interested in seeing the context in which Neruda’s artistic production was developed, made from a militant conscience, and the relationship that he developed with Corpus Barga, a cosmopolitan journalist with a long professional career developed between two centuries — born in 1887, he covered the First and Second World Wars — and between two continents, Europe and America.
Response of a cold-electron bolometer in a coplanar antenna system
Authors: Pimanov Dmitry A. , Pankratov Andrey L , Gordeeva Anna , Chiginev Alexander , Blagodatkin Anton , Revin Leonid , Razov Sergey A , Safonova Victoria Yu. , Федотов Илья , Skorokhodov Evgeny , Orlova Anastasia , Tatarskiy D A , Gusev Nikita , Trofimov Igor , Mumlyakov Alexander , Tarkhov Mikhail Alexandrovich 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cold-electron bolometers have shown suitability for use in modern fundamental physical experiments. In this study, the fabrication and measurements of the samples with cold-electron bolometers integrated into coplanar antennas are performed. The absorber layer was made using combined aluminum-hafnium technology to improve quality of aluminum oxide layer and decrease electron-phonon coupling. The samples of two types were measured in a dilution cryostat at various temperatures from 20 to 300 mK. The first sample with Ti/Au/Pd antenna shows response in the two frequency bands, at 7–9 GHz with bandwidth of about 20%, and also at 14 GHz with 10% bandwidth. The NEP below 10 aW/√Hz is reached at 300 mK for 7.7 GHz signal. The second sample with aluminum made antenna shows response in the frequency range 0.5–3 GHz due to the effect of kinetic inductance of superconducting aluminum.
Conditions, Necessity, and Transcendental Linguistic Idealism in Wittgenstein’s Tractatus
Authors: Tejedor Chon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The question whether Wittgenstein’s Tractatus endorses a transcendental form of linguistic idealism is a highly complex one. This is so, not just because the textual evidence from Wittgenstein’s first published book is notoriously ambiguous and lends itself to differing interpretations, but also because the versions of idealism most relevant to discussing Wittgenstein’s work are intricate and, therefore, potentially elusive and difficult to pinpoint. This chapter argues that Wittgenstein aims to dissolve, rather than endorse, transcendental linguistic idealism in the Tractatus. In order to show this, it examines two versions of this doctrine. According to the first, the world is the world as given to the transcendental willing subject (i.e., to me) in representation; according to the second, possible representation determines the possibilities of the world. The chapter argues that Wittgenstein seeks to show that both of these forms of transcendental linguistic idealism, together with the notions of necessity and purpose associated with them, disintegrate upon closer inspection.
Metaphysics First or Language First
Authors: Moltmann Friederike 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In philosophy, general attention has been focused on the notion of an object as such, rather than that of a single object. There are two approaches concerning the notion of an object (as such). A metaphysics-first view takes objects to be given independently of language (and often leads to scepticism concerning whether language involves reference to objects at all). The second, language-first view takes the notion of an object to be defined on the basis of language, as in the Fregean definition according to which an object is what a referential noun phrase (NP) may stand for. This chapter argues that the notion of a single object or ‘being one’ does not require worldly or perceived conditions of integrity and even less so concept-relative atomicity. The notion of a single object is often based on conditions of integrity of some sort, but not strictly or always so. The notion is rather imposed through the use of count categories in natural language and thus provides a piece of support for linguistic idealism.
Systematic and predictable variation in heritage grammars
Authors: Rinke Esther , Flores Cristina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter argues that some of the linguistic particularities of heritage grammars can be ascribed to the amplification of variation that is present in the input to heritage speakers. Our argumentation is based on studies on European Portuguese as a heritage language acquired in contact with German (and other environmental languages). Three different dimensions of linguistic variation are taken into consideration: variation caused by linguistic complexity (exemplified through clitic placement), variation caused by ongoing diachronic development (exemplified through null objects), and variation caused by lexical and/or grammatical ambiguity (expressed by the interpretation of overt subject pronouns; and multiple functions of the element que). We conclude that phenomena detected in heritage languages, which could at first sight be interpreted as deviant, are often a predictable outcome of variation in the input.
Heritage language gaps
Authors: Polinsky Maria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter presents and analyzes the alternation between overt and null expressions in heritage languages (HLs), with a special emphasis on coreference and the structure of relative clauses. It is commonly observed that languages under contact minimize the use of null forms in favor of overt ones. I examine this claim in detail and conclude that while HLs generally do not change the licensing conditions on null elements, the dependencies in which such elements appear tend to be shortened or eliminated. In discussing structural change in HLs, this chapter also makes a connection between HLs and other language contact situations, in particular, between HLs and endangered languages. Although socio-cultural conditions on heritage and endangered languages may be quite different, structural similarities between the two language types are striking. As a consequence, grammatical observations from one empirical domain can be tested on the other.
Word order and prosody in the expression of information structure
Authors: Laleko Oksana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The chapter presents experimental data probing the interactions between word order and prosody in the formal encoding of information structure in homeland and heritage Russian. Contrary to traditional accounts that emphasize the primacy of word order in the marking of givenness and newness in Slavic, neither heritage nor homeland speakers favored the word order strategy (“place given constituents before new constituents”) over the prosodic strategy (“new information focus realizes stress”), lending evidence against theoretical accounts that assume a direct mapping between word order and information structure in Russian. The chapter offers an account of heritage language word order change in terms of change in the degree of prosodic and word order plasticity (Vallduví and Engdahl 1995) in ways that broadly parallel micro-variation observed across Slavic languages (Šimík and Wierzba 2017). An important advantage of this approach is that it is more explicit than most traditional accounts of heritage language change in approaching all grammars under analysis as internally consistent, even if differently configured, systems. In this regard, the chapter advances the position that heritage languages are a valid and essential empirical resource for linguistic theory building.
Realism, the English School, and the Survival of States
Authors: Lemke Douglas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this chapter, I contrast realist and English school expectations about how states protect themselves from dying. Realists focus on power maximization. The English school focuses on international society. I find strong support for the English school because the members of international society (sovereign states) are much less likely to die than are states excluded from international society (territorial contenders). I find no support for realist expectations; no matter how I structure the analysis, powerful states are never consistently associated with longer state survival. Rules for membership in international society changed around 1960. The differing time periods offer a critical experiment for differentiating between realism and the English school. The English school is supported in the critical experiment, while realism is again rejected.
Conclusions
Authors: Lemke Douglas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this chapter, I draw together the preceding analyses to differentiate between theories with strong support, weak support, and no support. In the bulk of the chapter, I present two main implications of the book. The first is that we really cannot understand international relations (IR) more broadly (e.g., not just state death) unless we widen our focus to include both sovereign states and territorial contenders. The second, which I label “intranational IR,” suggests we will not fully appreciate IR until we study all anarchical relationships. Sometimes those exist within the borders of a state. When they do, they are excluded by most IR researchers as domestic politics. I conclude that widening the range of actors and behaviors we study is necessary for IR’s continued advance as a science.
The Double Life of Mens Rea
Authors: Kelly Erin I 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter examines why establishing a defendant’s mental state at the time of the criminal act should be considered a basic requirement of justice for criminal law. It is tempting to account for the importance of “mens rea” to criminal justice through a retributive theory of punishment. According to retributivists, morally culpable criminal wrongdoers deserve to be punished, and mens rea is evidence of moral culpability. By contrast, this chapter argues that the mental state elements of criminal law represent fair-notice and fair opportunity limits on the measures a state may justly take to protect the rights of victims. These fairnesss limits provided by the mens rea element of criminal liability do not depend on a theory of retributive justice or moral desert. The chapter then addresses what a defendant’s accountability comes to in the interpersonal morality of redress, both its agential presuppositions and its interpersonal point, which is elaborated through the idea of restorative justice. The central ideas is that we should relinquish retributive aspirations for mens rea and adopt the less punitive and more flexible approach to interpersonal moral accountability offered by restorative justice.
Returning a Kindness
Authors: Macnamara Coleen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The most often-encountered characterization of a returned kindness is a characterization of what it is not. A returned kindness, we are told, is not a payment or compensation for the original kind act. This seems exactly right, but it prompts a question: If a returned kindness is not a form of payment, what is it? How should we construe the “returning the kindness” element of a grateful response? This chapter aims to propose positive characterization of returning a kindness. I urge that a returned kindness is an expression of the emotion of gratitude in the sense that it is a demonstration of the reciprocal caring orientation that in part constitutes or directly results from an episode of gratitude.
Supporting older people through Hospital at Home care: a systematic review of patient, carer and healthcare professionals’ perspectives
Authors: Wong Anita , Cooper Claudia , Evans Catherine J , Rawle Mark James , Walters Kate , Conroy Simon Paul , Davies Nathan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Hospital at Home provides hospital-level type care at home, both remote and face-to-face by a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals. In practice, various different models are employed, but we do not know what older people, their family carers (carers) and healthcare professionals think of what works best for them. This review aimed to describe the various Hospital at Home models and synthesise literature exploring patient, carer and staff perspectives of Hospital at Home care for older people.

Methods and analysis
A systematic review of UK studies. Medline, Embase and CINAHL and grey literature were searched from 1991 to 2024, using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria; data were extracted from included papers. Tabulation, thematic grouping and concept mapping of themes were used to narratively synthesise the literature.

Results
Twenty studies met eligibility. Hospital at Home models included admission avoidance and early discharge. Studies were largely positive regarding Hospital at Home, with benefits including home familiarity, enabling person-centred care and shared decision-making and provision of family carer support. Challenges included staff accessibility, patient and carer anxieties regarding the safety of virtual wards, coordination across sectors and older people using technology.

Conclusion
Provision of holistic, accessible and continuous care for older people in Hospital at Home services facilitated patient and carer empowerment, dignity and autonomy. There are gaps in our understanding and evidence surrounding paid care workers and informal carers’ perspectives in UK settings, especially within rigorous Hospital at Home literature.
A comprehensive review of deep learning-based approaches for drug–drug interaction prediction
Authors: Xia Yan , Xiong An , Zhang Zilong , Zou Quan , Cui Feifei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Deep learning models have made significant progress in the biomedical field, particularly in the prediction of drug–drug interactions (DDIs). DDIs are pharmacodynamic reactions between two or more drugs in the body, which may lead to adverse effects and are of great significance for drug development and clinical research. However, predicting DDI through traditional clinical trials and experiments is not only costly but also time-consuming. When utilizing advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) and deep learning techniques, both developers and users face multiple challenges, including the problem of acquiring and encoding data, as well as the difficulty of designing computational methods. In this paper, we review a variety of DDI prediction methods, including similarity-based, network-based, and integration-based approaches, to provide an up-to-date and easy-to-understand guide for researchers in different fields. Additionally, we provide an in-depth analysis of widely used molecular representations and a systematic exposition of the theoretical framework of models used to extract features from graph data.