bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacies of a locust bean gum polymer on the startup of a novel upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating municipal sewage
Authors: A. Aishwarya Lakshmi , S. Sadarajan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The present study investigates the potential of locust bean gum (LBG), in accelerating the startup of a novel upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor handling municipal sewage. Under identical conditions, two lab-scale UASB reactors were operated in parallel, to substantiate this idea. The novel reactor (RH) with an inner centric hybrid UASB module and an outer concentric downflow hanging sponge (DHS) unit started off with an LBG polymer as an additive. Its performance was compared with a conventional system (RC). RH outclassed with an accelerated startup in 40 days, with the highest COD removal of 89% by the UASB compartment and 95% by the entire system (UASB + DHS). RC took nearly 85 days to achieve the highest COD removal of 83%. The polymer also succeeded with a dense sludge bed fastening most of the anaerobes, read by the least sludge volume index (SVI) of 26 mL/g. Specific methanogenic activity (SMA) (RH – 0.715 ± 0.05 and RC – 0.670 ± 0.07 g CH4-COD/g VSS/ day) and extracellular polymer (ECP) concentration (0.30–0.32 g/g VSS) of biomass in both reactors were almost similar. This further confirmed that early granulation was induced solely by the polymer and it also had no deleterious impact on substrate transfer.
Intercomparison of SWAT and ANN techniques in simulating streamflows in the Astore Basin of the Upper Indus
Authors: Khan Sunaid , Khan Afed Ullah , Khan Mehran , Khan Fayaz Ahmad , Khan Sohail , Khan Jehanzeb 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe current research work was carried out to simulate monthly streamflow historical record using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) at the Astore Basin, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The performance of SWAT and ANN models was assessed during calibration (1985–2005) and validation (2006–2010) periods via statistical indicators such as coefficient of determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS), and root-mean-square error (RMSE). R2, NSE, PBIAS, and RMSE values for SWAT (ANN with Architecture (2,27,1)) models during calibration are 0.80 (0.88), 0.73 (0.82), 15.7 (0.008), and 79.81 (70.34), respectively, while during validation, the corresponding values are 0.71 (0.86), 0.66 (0.95), 17.3 (0.10), and 106.26 (75.92). The results implied that the ANN model is superior to the SWAT model based on the statistical performance indicators. The SWAT results demonstrated an underestimation of the high flow and overestimation of the low flow. Comparatively, the ANN model performed very well in estimating the general and extreme flow conditions. The findings of this research highlighted its potential as a valuable tool for accurate streamflow forecasting and decision-making. The current study recommends that additional machine learning models may be compared with the SWAT model output to improve monthly streamflow predictions in the Astore Basin.
FAULT DETECTION AND PROTECTION METHOD ON LOW VOLTAGE DC MICRO-GRID SYSTEM
Authors: Pramono Sholeh Hadi , Maulana Eka , Suyono Hadi , Zainuri Akhmad 
Published: September 2023

<h1>ABSTRACT</h1><p>Micro-grid architecture is designed for small scale model in Brawijaya University area in order to change conventional AC-based electricity system previously. Low voltage direct current (LVDC) levels are proposed and charactized to obtain the optimal design of the DC grid system. Some parameters related to the electrical phenomenon of voltage, current and power which occur in distributed-generation, distribution grid, and load sites were also analyzed. Detailed model of photovoltaic (PV) and PMSG was implemented with operational analysis and simulated with study case modes to achieved the power and system efficiency. DC bus is conducted to accommodate the distribution power between PV generation, battery and super capacitor for energy sorage element, distributed-load and other grid utilization.Various condition and operation have been characterized toward stability performance of the voltage and current of 12-36 volts and 0-20 A DC, respectively. This architectural design can be utilized to develop an actual design and small scale implementation of the LVDC smart micro-grid system.</p>Keywords: Fult Detection Protection Micro-grid Low Voltage DC
BIOFILM MATRICES AS BIOMONITORING AGENT AND BIOSORBENT FOR CR(VI) POLLUTION IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
Authors: Kurniawan Andi 
Published: September 2023

<p class="MDPI17abstract"><span>Heavy metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems has become one of the primary environmental problems. Cr(VI) is one of the most toxic and carcinogenic heavy metal pollutants. The degradation of aquatic ecosystems due to the Cr(VI) pollution usually occurs slowly, but the impact is accumulative. Hence, an awareness of the pollution often occurs when the impacts have already in the acute or chronic level. Therefore, the technologies to monitor and to solve the Cr(VI) pollution are critically important. The application of biological resources emerges as an alternative technology to solve the problems. This study analyzes the utilization of biofilm as a biomonitoring agent and a biosorbent to monitor and to immobilize Cr(VI) in the aquatic ecosystems, respectively. The development of the biofilm as a biomonitoring agent is conducted through the investigation of Cr(VI) concentration in the biofilm and the surrounding river water, while the utilization of the biofilm as a biosorbent is developed through the analysis of Cr(VI) adsorption characteristics to the biofilm. The results of this study reveal that the concentrations of Cr(VI) inside the </span>biofilms are hundreds of times higher than the surrounding river water. The biofilms seem to accumulate the Cr(VI) from the surrounding river water through a physicochemical process. According to the result of this study, biofilms can become a promising biological agent to monitor and to immobilize Cr(VI) in the aquatic ecosystems.</p><strong><span>Keywords: </span></strong><em><span>Biofilm, Biomonitoring, Biosorption, Cr(VI), Water Pollution</span></em>
IMAGINARIOS DE CIUDAD Y VIOLENCIA DE PAREJA EN BARRANQUILLA DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO
Authors: Vásquez Fruto Rocío 
Published: September 2023

ResumenEn este artículo se pretende analizar las relaciones entre los imaginarios sociales, los espacios urbanos y la violencia, desde la perspectiva de género. Se toma este referente teniendo en cuenta que la violencia de género es en muchos casos la manifestación de conflictos preexistentes con fuertes bases en los imaginarios sociales, especialmente en estereotipos y prejuicios construidos a lo largo de la historia con respecto a las relaciones de pareja. Se aborda la problemática planteada desde diversas perspectivas, incluyendo las mujeres como agentes de violencia, puesto que se ha hecho evidente, en los últimos dos años, el aumento de la participación de las mujeres en hechos de violencia, en especial en situaciones de criminalidad. Este artículo es producto del Proyecto de investigación Imaginarios sociales, violencia y ciudad, desde la perspectiva de Género en Barranquilla de la facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales de la Corporación Universitaria Americana.
AbstractThis paper aims to analyze the relations between the social imaginary, urban spaces, and violence from a gender perspective. This reference is taken considering that gender violence is in many cases the manifestation of preexisting conflicts with strong bases in the social imaginary, especially in stereotypes and prejudices built throughout history regarding relationships. It addresses the issues raised from various perspectives, including women as agents of violence, as has been evident in the past two years, increasing women’s participation in violence, especially in situations of crime. This paper is a product of social research project Imaginary, violence, and the city, from the perspective of gender in Ottawa Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the American University Corporation.
APUNTES DEL TIPO PENAL CONCIERTO PARA DELINQUIR EN LA LEGISLACIÓN COLOMBIANA
Authors: Alonso Patricia , Ruiz Correa Norbey , Alvarino Juan David 
Published: September 2023

La ley en general, específicamente en el desarrollo del presente artículo científico, ley penal, debe po­seer una justificación y razón de ser, que exponga los motivos de su promulgación y en sentido a su existencia legal, toda normal penal que sanciona una conducta delictiva por medio de la aplicación de una pena específica, encuentra su fundamento en la protección de los bienes jurídicos tutelados por la norma, de manera que ante la omisión de llevar a cabo determinadas conductas que los colocan en peli­gro o afectan, se pueda salvaguardar los mismos bienes jurídicos y la integridad social de los diferentes miembros del colectivo, tal como lo expone, como podemos saber toda conducta delictiva sancionada por la ley debe ser un acto o una omisión imputable al hombre, pero en determinados casos como lo son los delitos de mera conducta, el deber de la ley se encuentra estipulado en la protección de conductas que aun cuando no han causado un daño en la sociedad, colocan en peligro la integridad de determi­nados bienes jurídicos, como un acto en potencia destinado a afectarlos, por lo tanto la ley en los casos omite la materialización de la anti juridicidad o el principio de lesividad y se preocupa por la protección anticipada de conductas que lesiones dichos bienes, como lo es la tipificación del delito Concierto para delinquir en la legislación Colombiana.

Abstract
Every law, especifically in the development of this article, criminal law, must have, a justification, that ex­pose the movil of its legal existence, every criminal law sanction that punish a criminal behavior imposing a condemn, find its justification through the protection of legal rights, protected and watched by the norm, saying this way, the omission of realize sort of behaviors, known as dangerous for society, will be possi­ble protect those rights and the social integrity of every member of the collective society, every criminal act should be and action or omission that can be pointed at the men that realize, but in some events, some crimes as the conduct crimes, the must of the law, is the protection of conducts that haven’t cause a damage in society, but that close to danger the integrity of legal rights, as and future act that affects such rights, and that a projection of damages, in those cases the criminal law omits the physically affection of the legal right, and the principle of damage and cares about the anticipated protection of behaviors that could affect those legal rights, as the criminalized of criminal concert o conspiracy.
VALOR PROBATORIO DEL TESTIMONIO DE UN MENOR EN UN PROCESO PENAL DE ABUSO SEXUAL
Authors: Polo Castillo Luis Alberto , Cabarcas Avila Adolfo Mario 
Published: September 2023

Este articulo es producto de nuestro trabajo de grado para optar el titulo de especialistas en Derecho Penal y Criminología de la Universidad Libre – Seccional Barranquilla, en el cual abordamos un aspecto sumamente problemático en el ámbito de la relación Derecho Penal y Sicología, adentrándonos en la capacidad de discernimiento de un menor no solo partiendo de su condición propia de la edad, sino también cuando ha sido víctima de un abuso sexual, lo cual nos exige mirar con cautela qué tan racional o veraz resulta su versión, qué tanto puede influir en él, sentirse victimizado ante una conducta que final­mente se convierten en tragedias personales, íntimas y secretas que jamás se olvidan y dejan heridas indelebles en el alma, ya que en su esencia, el abuso sexual es un maltrato psicológico, es una traición fundamental de la confianza y las consecuencias del abuso sexual infantil muchas veces se arrastran de por vida.

Abstract
This item is the result of our work degree to qualify the title of specialist in Criminal Law and Criminology, Free University - Sectional Barranquilla, where we boarded a highly problematic in the field of Criminal Law and Psychology aspect ratio, entering the capacity for discernment of a child not only based on its own condition of age, but when you have been a victim of sexual abuse, which requires us to look carefully how rational or truthful is his version, both can influence it , feeling victimized to conduct that eventually become personal, intimate and secret tragedies never forget and leave indelible wounds to the soul, because in its essence, sexual abuse is psychological, it is a fundamental betrayal of trust and consequences of child sexual abuse often creep lifetime.
GENEALOGÍA DE LA TRADICIÓN DEMOCRÁTICA CONTEMPORÁNEA: UN ESTADO DEL ARTE CONSTRUIDO DESDE LA FILOSOFÍA POLÍTICA
Authors: Miranda Morales Juan Carlos 
Published: September 2023

Este artículo de revisión es producto del macro proyecto de investigación titulado Teoría, Practica y Polí­tica de la Democracia en el municipio de Santo Tomás. El objetivo central de este estado del arte fue po­sibilitar la construcción del marco teórico para la elaboración de este proyecto por parte de un colectivo de investigación. La pertinencia de este artículo de revisión radica en que permite hacer un recorrido por el desarrollo de la vena democrática desde los griegos hasta las corrientes contemporáneas. Esta ge­nealogía permite descubrir senderos que pueden servir para la comprensión de la construcción social de la democracia en nuestros contextos caribeños, que por su naturaleza variopinta, no permiten trasplantar modelo teóricos anacrónicos y ajenos a la idiosincrasia y la cultura Caribe. La metodología utilizada en la construcción de este estado del arte es el análisis documental, a partir de una amplia exploración bibliográfica. En este artículo se puede apreciar que la tradición democrática evidencia una intermitencia teórica que, surgiendo en la sociedad griega, se agota para resurgir posteriormente tomando elementos del cristianismo protestante, reafirmado con vigor por Rousseau en la ilustración y sigue vertientes dispa­res en el liberalismo político, el pensamiento social y las hibridaciones que se han presentado en el seno de las corrientes derivadas de las anteriores en la praxis política latinoamericana del Capitalismo tardío.
Abstract
This review article is the result of macro research project entitled Theory , Practice and Politics of Demo­cracy in the town of Santo Tomas. The central objective of this state of the art was to enable the construc­tion of the theoretical framework for the development of this project by a research group. The relevance of this review article is that it allows a journey through the development of democratic vein from the Greeks to contemporary trends . This genealogy can discover paths that can be used for understanding the social construction of democracy in our Caribbean contexts , by their varied nature, do not allow transplanting anachronistic and non- Caribbean culture and idiosyncrasy theoretical model. The methodology used in this building is state of the art document analysis , based on an extensive literature scan. This article can be seen that the democratic tradition evidence theoretical intermittency arising in Greek society runs to resurface later taking elements of Protestant Christianity , again un-derlined by Rousseau in the illustration and follow disparate strands in political liberalism , thought social and hybridizations that have occurred within the currents derived from the above in Latin Ame-rican political praxis of late Capitalism.
LOS VALORES CONSTITUTIVOS DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS EN COLOMBIA: UNA PROPUESTA DE FORMACIÓN PARA LA VIDA
Authors: Rubio Median Edwin 
Published: September 2023

En el desarrollo de este marco teo?rico se analizara?n los valores constitutivos de los derechos humanos, es decir la libertad, dignidad, igualdad. Estos se convierten en un referente a la hora de exigir los derechos porque los ciudadanos pueden incoarlos como valor, principio o derecho y tendra?n la misma proteccio?n y eficacia constitucional; asi? lo ha manifestado la jurisprudencia de la Corte desde sus inicios, ya que ha destacado la estrecha relacio?n entre los tres valores mencionados. Tambie?n se analizara? la incorporacio?n de la reciente e inagotada discusio?n acerca del valor de la identidad. Se realizara? entonces una definicio?n de cada uno, para posteriormente plantear de do?nde provendri?a su importancia para representar el pilar de los derechos humanos, y por tanto ser considerados fundamentales a la hora de realizar un proceso de forma- cio?n en derechos humanos en Colombia.
Palabras clave: Valores, Derechos Humanos, Visibilidad, Interdependencia, Desarrollo.

Abstract

In developing this framework the founding values of human rights will be discussed, ie freedom, dignity, equality. These become a reference point in demanding the rights that citizens can incoarlos as value, principle or law and have the same constitutional protection and efficiency; as stated by the jurisprudence of the Court since its inception, and has highlighted the close relationship between these three values. The incorporation of the recent e inagotada discussion about the value of identity will also be analyzed. A definition of each, then ask where to come from its importance to represent the pillar of human rights, and therefore be considered essential when performing a training process on human rights in Colombia was then performed.
Keywords: Values, Human Rights, Visibility, Interde- pendence, Development.
LEGALIZACIO?N DE LA CAPTURA: DERECHOS Y GARANTI?AS
Authors: Torres Silvera Cleise José 
Published: September 2023

El presente arti?culo presenta los resultados de una investigacio?n bibliogra?fica de los derechos y garanti?as fundamentales y/o procesales del detenido en el sistema penal colombiano. En este contexto, se hace una descripcio?n breve de los derechos y garanti?as, que, a mi juicio, bajo la normatividad internacional deben garantizarse en materia de Derecho Penal para hablar de una captura legal, por lo que corresponde al juez de control de garanti?as verificar que desde la aprehensio?n hasta cuando la persona es llevada ante e?l, se respeten en todo momento sus derechos y garanti?as inherentes a cualquier persona, ya hubiese sido capturada en situacio?n de flagrancia, en cumplimiento de orden impartida por autoridad judicial competente o por orden escrita de la Fiscali?a General de la Nacio?n, en los casos y con el lleno de los requisitos legales. A su vez, se confrontara?n estas garanti?as en el a?mbito del Derecho para establecer, con mayor claridad, el alcance propio de tales derechos en Colombia; asi?, se evaluara?, por ejemplo el ejercicio del Derecho a la asistencia legal (a un abogado), a comparecer dentro del menor tiempo posible ante autoridad judicial competente, garanti?as, que como viene dicho es necesario se respeten para que se defina que la aprehensio?n ha sido legal.
Palabras clave: Captura, Legalizacio?n, Detenido, Asistencia legal, Derecho a comparecer, Autoridad judicial, Menor tiempo posible.
Abstract

This article advances an analysis of the fundamental rights and guarantees and/or procedural arrested in Colombian penal system. In this context it is a brief description of the rights and guarantees, which we believe, under international standards, must be guaranteed in Criminal Law to talk about a legal catch, and it is for the judge to verify that control guarantees from apprehension even when the person is brought before him at all times respected their rights and guarantees inherent to any person, and had been caught in flagrante delicto, in pursuance of order issued by competent judicial authority or by written order of the Fiscalia General de la Nacion, where and with full legal requirements. In turn, these guarantees were confronted in the field of law to establish more clearly the scope themselves of such rights in Colombia, thus, be assessed, eg the right to legal counsel (a lawyer), to appear within the shortest possible time to competent legal authority guarantees which, as is said is necessary respect to defining the apprehension has been legal.
Keywords: Capture, Legalization, Arrested, Legal assistance, The right to appear, Judicial authority, Shortest time possible.
MUSAS DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE
Authors: Loyola Fernández José 
Published: September 2023

Este trabajo aborda la tema?tica de la mujer artista latinoamericana y cariben?a y su presencia en la esfera de la mu?sica, principalmente como inte?rprete vocal o instrumental y compositora. Se resaltan dos conceptos en el reflejo de la participacio?n arti?stica de la mujer: la representacio?n como modelo de la belleza fi?sica, y la de representante activa en su funcio?n de sujeto actuante al crear y reproducir la realidad del entorno, incluida su propia problema?tica social. Se explica co?mo las egresadas de las instituciones de formacio?n musical, integran las agrupaciones musicales, incluidas las constituidas totalmente por personal femenino. La investigacio?n se apoya en una metodologi?a anali?tica comparativa, histo?rica y musicolo?gica. Concluye en que Ame?rica Latina y el Caribe se coloca a la vanguardia de esta evolucio?n; donde la profundizacio?n de los procesos socio-poli?ticos consolidan la participacio?n de la mujer en las especialidades de la mu?sica: interpretacio?n, composicio?n, investigacio?n y ensen?anza.
Palabras clave: Mujer, mu?sica, Ame?rica Latina, Caribe, inte?rprete, compositora
Abstract

This study focuses on the Latin American and Caribbean female artists and their presence in the field of music, primarily as vocal or instrumental performers and composers. Two concepts are highlighted in reflecting the artistic participation of women: Representation as a model of physical beauty, and active representation in their role as acting subjects at creating and reproducing the surrounding reality, including their own social issues. It is explained how the alumni of music training institutions, integrate musical groups, including the ones entirely composed of female staff. The research is based on a comparative, historical and musicological analytical methodology. It concludes that Latin America and the Caribbean stands at the forefront of this evolution; where deepening socio-political processes strengthens the involvement of women in the fields of music: Performance, composition, research and teaching.
Keywords: Women, Music, Latin America, Caribbean, Singer, Songwriter.