bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simoctocog alfa (Nuwiq®) in previously untreated patients with severe haemophilia A—Final efficacy and safety results from the NuProtect study
Authors: Mathias Mary , Abraham Aby , Belletrutti Mark J. , Carcao Manuel , Carvalho Manuela , Chambost Hervé , Chan Anthony K. C. , Dubey Leonid , Ducore Jonathan , Gattens Michael , Gresele Paolo , Gruel Yves , Guillet Benoit , Jiménez‐Yuste Victor , Kitanovski Lidija , Klukowska Anna , Lohade Sunil , Mancuso Maria Elisa , Oldenburg Johannes , Pollio Berardino , Sigaud Marianne , Vilchevska Kateryna , Wu John K. M. , Jansen Martina , Belyanskaya Larisa , Walter Olaf , Knaub Sigurd , Neufeld Ellis J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionSimoctocog alfa (Nuwiq®) is a 4th generation recombinant FVIII with proven efficacy for the prevention and treatment of bleeding episodes (BEs) in previously treated patients with severe haemophilia A. The NuProtect study assessed the immunogenicity, efficacy and safety of simoctocog alfa in 108 previously untreated patients (PUPs). The incidence of high‐titre inhibitors was 16.2% and no patients with non‐null F8 mutations developed inhibitors.AimTo report the efficacy and safety results from the NuProtect study.MethodsPUPs received simoctocog alfa for prophylaxis, treatment of BEs, or as surgical prophylaxis. The efficacy of prophylaxis (during inhibitor‐free periods) was assessed using annualised bleeding rates (ABRs). The efficacy in treating BEs and in surgical prophylaxis was assessed using a 4‐point scale. Adverse events were recorded throughout the study.ResultsOf 108 PUPs treated with simoctocog alfa, 103 received at least one prophylactic dose and 50 received continuous prophylaxis for at least 24 weeks. In patients on continuous prophylaxis, the median ABR was 0 (mean 0.5) for spontaneous BEs and 2.5 (mean 3.6) for all BEs. In 85 patients who had BEs, efficacy of BE treatment was excellent or good for 92.9% (747/804) of rated BEs; 92.3% of BEs were treated with 1 or 2 infusions. The efficacy of surgical prophylaxis was excellent or good for 94.7% (18/19) of rated procedures. There were no safety concerns and no thromboembolic events.ConclusionSimoctocog alfa was efficacious and well tolerated as prophylaxis, surgical prophylaxis and for the treatment of BEs in PUPs with severe haemophilia A.
Can cryptic female choice prevent invasive hybridization in external fertilizing fish?
Authors: Lantiegne Tyler H. , Purchase Craig F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPolyandrous mating systems result in females mating with multiple males, generating opportunities for strong pre‐mating and post‐mating sexual selection. Polyandry also creates the potential for unintended matings and subsequent sperm competition with hybridizing species. Cryptic female choice allows females to bias paternity towards preferred males under sperm competition and may include conspecific sperm preference when under hybridization risk. The potential for hybridization becomes particularly important in context of invasive species that can novelly hybridize with natives, and by definition, have evolved allopatrically. We provide the first examination of conspecific sperm preference in a system of three species with the potential to hybridize: North American native Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis), and invasive brown trout (Salmo trutta) from Europe. Using naturalized populations on the island of Newfoundland, we measured changes in sperm swimming performance, a known predictor of paternity, to determine the degree of modification in sperm swimming to female cues related to conspecific sperm preference. Compared to water alone, female ovarian fluid in general had a pronounced effect and changed sperm motility (by a mean of 53%) and swimming velocity (mean 30%), but not linearity (mean 6%). However, patterns in the degree of modification suggest there is no conspecific sperm preference in the North American populations. Furthermore, female cues from both native species tended to boost the sperm of invasive males more than their own. We conclude that cryptic female choice via ovarian fluid mediated sperm swimming modification is too weak in this system to prevent invasive hybridization and is likely insufficient to promote or maintain reproductive isolation between the native North American species.
Boys rule!: Purim and the holy innocents in early modern Worms
Authors: von Bernuth Ruth 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe role of boys and young men in premodern societies was both precarious and promising. Being in a liminal space between childhood and adulthood, they needed to practice their future roles in society. This article discusses Jewish and Christian annual celebrations involving groups of boys and young men in late medieval and early modern Worms that show similar features and an effort across different religious groups to provide a space for them. Jewish youth took leading roles in the liturgy and in festivities outside the synagogue on and afterShabbat ha‐baḥurim(the boys’ Sabbath), observed on the first Sabbath after Purim. Cathedral choristers and other Christian schoolboys in Worms, led by boy kings and boy bishops, celebrated in connection with the Feast of the Holy Innocents. These festivities were structured similarly in both communities and consisted of the selection of leaders, processions, liturgical inversions, and festive meals. With these celebrations, both communities offered an occasion for young men to practice masculine behaviors and internalize masculine norms.
The influence of situational strength on the relation of personality and situational judgment test performance
Authors: Freudenstein Jan‐Philipp , Schäpers Philipp , Reznik Nomi , Stolte Talea , Krumm Stefan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSituational strength theory has been used as a theoretical underpinning of person–situation processes that are linked to job performance. Accordingly, the link between personality traits and job performance increases in weak situations. Building on this research, similar mechanisms have been proposed for simulation‐based selection tools, such as Situational Judgment Tests (SJTs), to explain how these measures work as predictors of job performance. However, underlying processes of SJT performance are subject to debate with some scholars arguing in favor of context‐independent processes while others maintain that situations play an essential role. This study (N = 707) examined whether the strength of situations in SJT items moderated the relation between personality and SJT performance. Results did not support the notion that personality is more strongly related to SJT performance when situations are weak. In fact, for some traits, the opposite may be true as more situational constraints led to an increase in the relation of extraversion, emotional stability, and SJT performance. The results add to an increasing body of research about psychological processes in SJTs. Limitations and implications for research and practice are discussed.
Political advantage? Considering the Political Skill of raters
Authors: Kaplan David M. , Berkley Robyn A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOne of the ways that organizations can improve the selection process is by identifying good judges who can more accurately assess applicants. With this goal in mind, the present study proposed that politically skilled individuals would make good judges. The study focuses on two antecedents of Political Skill, perceptiveness, and control, which have corollaries in the Realistic Accuracy Model. In the present study, these are referenced as perceptiveness and self‐assuredness. The study found support for the proposition that a rater's level of Political Skill is related to selection decisions. Further, the study supports in some circumstances that Political Skill mediates the relationship between sources of knowledge and contextual factors with rater selection decisions. Suppression effects were also found indicating further research on the role of Political Skill in selection decisions is needed.
All That Glitters Is Not Gold? Civil Society Organisations and the (non‐)Mobilisation of European Union Law
Authors: van der Pas Kris 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIncreasingly, collective actors in Europe, such as in the Netherlands and Italy, turn to litigation as the preferred strategy to attain their goals. Both at the national level and at the European level, civil society organisations (CSOs) are active in high‐profile cases, for example, in the field of asylum law. These CSOs operate in a different national political and legal system but do have similar European‐level opportunities. However, the extent to which European Union (EU) law is mobilised differs per CSO. This begs the following key question: Why do some CSOs mobilise EU law more frequently than others? Using empirical data, this article attempts to uncover what factors are relevant for four CSOs from Italy and the Netherlands whether to mobilise EU law or not. Most importantly, the article concludes that the framing of EU legal opportunities by the CSOs is considered to be relevant in (non‐)mobilisation of EU law.
Effect of pulsed electric field on physicochemical properties of rice and black gram fermented batter
Authors: Dubey Praveen Kumar , Kumar K. Suresh , Rawson Ashish , Anandakumar Sugumar , Baskaran N. , Thamburaj Suman 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of PEF treatment (5, 20, and 35 kV/cm) on functional, physicochemical, and microbiological properties of rice and black gram fermented batter. The PEF treatment efficaciously inhibited the total bacterial, yeast, and mold count from 1 × 107 to 1.8 × 105 CFU/gm and 3.7 × 103 to 4.1 × 102 CFU/gm, respectively at 35 kV/cm. PEF treatment significantly improved protein solubility, reducing sugar, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity in the fermented batter. Herschel–Bulkley model best described the change in apparent viscosity which significantly decreased in PEF treated samples. Further, FTIR analysis of the PEF treated sample exhibited an increase in the area of percentage in each functional group. The results of the study suggest that the potential of PEF treatment at 20 kV/cm enhanced bioactivity and bioavailability of protein, and carbohydrate content as well as impeded the microorganisms to avoid over‐fermentation.Practical applicationsPEF technology effectively inhibits or inactivates the microorganisms in rice and black gram fermented batter and is highly suitable to avoid over‐fermentation without major changes in the physicochemical properties of batter. Therefore, this study promotes inevitable scientific information that could further investigate the industrial production of fermented rice and black gram batter with targeted physicochemical properties through PEF treatment. This also creates new opportunities for food industries to strategically diversify microbial arrest aspects in the commercial fermented batter.
Induction and suppression of gene silencing in plants by nonviral microbes
Authors: Parperides Eric , El Mounadi Kaoutar , Garcia‐Ruiz Hernan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGene silencing is a conserved mechanism in eukaryotes that dynamically regulates gene expression. In plants, gene silencing is critical for development and for maintenance of genome integrity. Additionally, it is a critical component of antiviral defence in plants, nematodes, insects, and fungi. To overcome gene silencing, viruses encode effectors that suppress gene silencing. A growing body of evidence shows that gene silencing and suppression of silencing are also used by plants during their interaction with nonviral pathogens such as fungi, oomycetes, and bacteria. Plant–pathogen interactions involve trans‐kingdom movement of small RNAs into the pathogens to alter the function of genes required for their development and virulence. In turn, plant‐associated pathogenic and nonpathogenic microbes also produce small RNAs that move trans‐kingdom into host plants to disrupt pathogen defence through silencing of plant genes. The mechanisms by which these small RNAs move from the microbe to the plant remain poorly understood. In this review, we examine the roles of trans‐kingdom small RNAs and silencing suppressors produced by nonviral microbes in inducing and suppressing gene silencing in plants. The emerging model is that gene silencing and suppression of silencing play critical roles in the interactions between plants and their associated nonviral microbes.
Discerning Parish Faith Through Testimony: Insights From Charismatic Renewal
Authors: Pullicino Jordan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe synodal way invites the Church to understand itself as the People of God journeying together in faith. Giving testimony is proposed here as a way of reflecting upon that journey. The Charismatic practice of giving testimony is examined as a form of reflexive faith experience. Examined in terms of witness, desire and story, the faith experience of the individual is explored for its communal, ecclesial context, and the theological contribution it makes. The discernment that links personal, spiritual experience to communal faith and practice is then investigated in the light of conciliar teaching to propose, in conclusion, how this might be undertaken in a parish setting.
Prediction of mortality in ICU patients: A comparison between the SOFA score and other indicators
Authors: Shafigh Navid , Hasheminik Morteza , Shafigh Elnaz , Alipour Haleh , Sayyadi Shahram , Kazeminia Neda , Khoundabi Batoul , Salarian Sara 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe intensive care unit (ICU) is the most important department for critically ill patients. Different scoring systems are used to assess the severity of the disease and evaluate organ failure during the patient's stay in ICU. Our purpose was to evaluate the C‐reactive protein/Albumin (CRP/Alb) ratio and SOFA score as indicators of 28‐day mortality in ICU patients. A total of 55 patients were enrolled in this study. CRP and CRP/Alb rates, SOFA scores, and demographic data were used to evaluate 28‐day mortality in a referral hospital. Survived and dead patients were significantly different in the CRP, CRP/Alb rates, and SOFA scores. However, in the adjusted model, the SOFA score was the predictor of 28‐day mortality in ICU patients. SOFA score was also confirmed as a predictor of mortality in ICU patients. Besides, the role of CRP and CRP/Alb in the prediction of disease prognosis or mortality requires further studies.
Finding our place at the table: A more‐than‐human family reunion
Authors: McSherry Alice , McLellan Georgia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIndigenous worlds are and always have been sites of more‐than‐human (MTH) agency and relationship, despite their largely marginalised status within geographic scholarship to date. The return to cosmologically‐informed earth‐oriented Indigenous Lifeworlds holds transformative power for mobilising collective action toward life‐affirming MTH futures for all. In this commentary, we, as two Indigenous PhD students (Alice, Naxi Chinese and Georgia, Te Whakatōhea Māori), draw on our respective ancestral instructions of kinship to suggest that engaging in MTH geographies is less a ‘discovery’ of new epistemologies and more akin to a praxis of ‘recovery’, similar to showing up to a family reunion. Thinking‐with the metaphor of a reunion, we contend that planetary futurity is contingent on Indigenous futurity, and that epistemic freedom is contingent on epistemic justice.
Does Preoperative Modic Changes Influence the Short‐term Fusion Rate of Single Level Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion?—a Matched‐pair Case Control Study
Authors: Xiao Yang , Xiu Peng , Yang Xi , Wang Liang , Li Tao , Gong Quan , Liu Limin , Song Yueming 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveAt present, the influence of Modic changes (MCs) on postoperative fusion rate of lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) is mainly focused on the medium‐ and long‐term fusion rate, while the short‐term fusion rate has not been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the short‐term fusion rate of lumbar degenerative disease patients with and without MCs after single level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).MethodsIn this retrospective and matched‐pair case control study, we included 100 patients who underwent TLIF from January 2017 to January 2020 and had at least two follow‐up visits over a two‐year period. Fifty patients with MCs (MCs group) were matched with 50 patients without MCs (non MCs group) for age, sex, surgical level, diagnosis, operative time, and intraoperative blood loss. We collected the X‐ray and computed tomography (CT) data of patients from 3 months to 2 years after the operation to assess bony fusion and the cage union ratio. According to the type of cage, the MCs group was further divided into the nano‐hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (n‐HA/PA66) group and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) group, and the fusion performance between the two groups was compared. Finally, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking and cage type were included in the logistic regression model for risk factor analysis.ResultsThe bony fusion rates in the MCs group at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after surgery were significantly lower than those in the non MCs group (P < 0.05) (23.8% vs 62.5%, 52.6% vs 78.9%, 61.1% vs 83.3%, 74.0% vs 90.0%). The average coronal cage union ratios of the upper and lower endplates in the MCs group were significantly lower than those in the non MCs group (54.3% ± 17.5% vs 75.0% ± 17.2%, P < 0.05; 73.3% ± 12.0% vs 84.9% ± 8.0%, P < 0.05). Similarly, analogous results were obtained by comparing the MCs and non MCs groups' three‐dimensional CT sagittal plane images (62.5% ± 16.5% vs 76.1% ± 12.4%, P < 0.05; 67.0% ± 13.9% vs 79.8% ± 11.5%, P < 0.05).ConclusionShort‐term fusion rates were lower in the MCs group than in the non MCs group. The coronal and sagittal cage union ratio in the MCs group was lower than that in the non MCs group. The fusion performance of n‐HA/PA66 and PEEK cages in the MCs group was comparable.
Patterns and determinants of pediatric dermatologic care in the United States: An evaluation of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey from 2009 to 2015
Authors: Noveir Sasan D. , Afifi Ladan , Nguyen Kevin A. , Cheng Carol E. , Bach Daniel Q. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDermatologists and other providers play essential roles in managing the dermatologic care of pediatric patients. This study aims to identify patterns and elucidate factors associated with receiving dermatologic care in the United States.MethodsThe National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) was used to identify pediatric patients with dermatologic diagnoses from 2009 to 2015. Clinical and demographic information were evaluated, and visit diagnoses were stratified based on provider type (dermatologists vs. non‐dermatologists). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify key predictors of outpatient dermatology care for pediatric patients. National estimates of diagnoses were procured using weights provided within the NAMCS database to project disease incidence.ResultsA total of 85,217,557 pediatric patients (survey‐weighted) were observed during the study period. Of the sampled patients, 29.3% were evaluated by dermatologists, while 70.7% were seen by non‐dermatology providers. Atopic dermatitis was the most common diagnosis encountered by dermatologists in ages 0–3 years, while unspecified contact dermatitis was the most common diagnosis reported by non‐dermatologists in all age groups. On multivariable logistic regression, ≥1 year of age, Caucasian race, private insurance versus Medicaid, residence in a metropolitan area, referral from another provider, and longer appointment wait time were associated with an increased likelihood of being evaluated by a dermatologist compared to a non‐dermatologist.ConclusionsNon‐dermatologists are responsible for the majority of pediatric dermatologic care. For pediatric patients, health disparities by race, insurance status, and rurality present significant challenges to being evaluated by a dermatologist.
Effects of adverse life events on mental health in single older adults in Japan
Authors: Murayama Yoh , Yamazaki Sachiko , Hasebe Masami , Kobayashi Erika 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThis study tested a hypothesised model of the effects of adverse life events on the mental health of middle‐aged and older adults living alone, as mediated by thought suppression and help‐seeking behaviours, considering gender differences.MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted on a sample of 1202 (622 men; 580 women) individuals from 247445 residents aged 50–79 in District A of Tokyo. The questionnaire items covered parameters on adverse life events, help‐seeking behaviour, thought suppression, and mental health status.ResultsMultiple group structural equation‐modelling analysis revealed that the seriousness of adverse life events, help‐seeking behaviours, and mental health scores were higher in women than in men. No significant gender differences were observed in thought suppression. The findings support all three proposed hypotheses: severe adverse life events will: (a) give rise to help‐seeking behaviours, which will have a positive effect on mental health; (b) intensify thought suppression, which will harm mental health; and (c) inhibit help‐seeking behaviour, especially in single middle‐aged and older adult men.ConclusionThere is a need to develop interventional programs based on the theory of replacement thinking to encourage help‐seeking behaviours in middle‐aged and older adults.