bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimated Indirect Cost Savings of Using Telehealth Among Nonelderly Patients With Cancer
Authors: Patel Krupal B. , Turner Kea , Alishahi Tabriz Amir , Gonzalez Brian D. , Oswald Laura B. , Nguyen Oliver T. , Hong Young-Rock , Jim Heather S. L. , Nichols Anthony C. , Wang Xuefeng , Robinson Edmondo , Naso Cristina , Spiess Philippe E. 
Published: January 2023

ImportancePatients with cancer typically have greater financial hardships and time costs than individuals without cancer. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this, while posing substantial challenges to delivering cancer care and resulting in important changes in care-delivery models, including the rapid adoption of telehealth.ObjectiveTo estimate patient travel, time, and cost savings associated with telehealth for cancer care delivery.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAn economic evaluation of cost savings from completed telehealth visits from April 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021, in a single-institution National Cancer Institute–Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center. All patients aged 18 to 65 years who completed telehealth visits within the designated time frame and had a Florida mailing address documented in their electronic medical record were included in the study cohort. Data were analyzed from April 2020 to June 2021.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was estimated patient cost savings from telehealth, which included 2 components: costs of travel (defined as roundtrip distance saved from car travel) and potential loss of productivity due to the medical visit (defined as loss of income from roundtrip travel plus loss of income from in-person clinic visits). Two different models with a combination of 2 different mileage rates ($0.56 and $0.82 per mile) and census tract–level median hourly wages were used.ResultsThe study included 25 496 telehealth visits with 11 688 patients. There were 4525 (3795 patients) new or established visits and 20 971 (10 049 patients) follow-up visits. Median (IQR) age was 55.0 (46.0-61.0) years among the telehealth visits, with 15 663 visits (61.4%) by women and 18 360 visits (72.0%) by non-Hispanic White patients. According to cost models, the estimated mean (SD) total cost savings ranged from $147.4 ($120.1) at $0.56/mile to $186.1 ($156.9) at $0.82/mile. For new or established visits, the mean (SD) total cost savings per visit ranged from $176.6 ($136.3) at $0.56/mile to $222.8 ($177.4) at $0.82/mile, and for follow-up visits, the mean (SD) total cost savings per visit was $141.1 ($115.3) at $0.56/mile to $178.1 ($150.9) at $0.82/mile.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this economic evaluation, telehealth was associated with savings in patients time and travel costs, which may reduce the financial toxicity of cancer care. Expansion of telehealth oncology services may be an effective strategy to reduce the financial burden among patients with cancer.
Reinforcement learning in medical image analysis: Concepts, applications, challenges, and future directions
Authors: Hu Mingzhe , Zhang Jiahan , Matkovic Luke , Liu Tian , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMotivationMedical image analysis involves a series of tasks used to assist physicians in qualitative and quantitative analyses of lesions or anatomical structures which can significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of medical diagnoses and prognoses. Traditionally, these tedious tasks were finished by experienced physicians or medical physicists and were marred with two major problems, low efficiency and bias.In the past decade, many machine learning methods have been applied to accelerate and automate the image analysis process. Compared to the enormous deployments of supervised and unsupervised learning models, attempts to use reinforcement learning in medical image analysis are still scarce. We hope that this review article could serve as the stepping stone for related research in the future.SignificanceWe found that although reinforcement learning has gradually gained momentum in recent years, many researchers in the medical analysis field still find it hard to understand and deploy in clinical settings. One possible cause is a lack of well‐organized review articles intended for readers without professional computer science backgrounds. Rather than to provide a comprehensive list of all reinforcement learning models applied in medical image analysis, the aim of this review is to help the readers formulate and solve their medical image analysis research through the lens of reinforcement learning.Approach & ResultsWe selected published articles from Google Scholar and PubMed. Considering the scarcity of related articles, we also included some outstanding newest preprints. The papers were carefully reviewed and categorized according to the type of image analysis task. In this article, we first reviewed the basic concepts and popular models of reinforcement learning. Then, we explored the applications of reinforcement learning models in medical image analysis. Finally, we concluded the article by discussing the reviewed reinforcement learning approaches’ limitations and possible future improvements.
19.28% Efficiency and Stable Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by Introducing an NIR‐Absorbing Guest Acceptor
Authors: Fan Qunping , Ma Ruijie , Bi Zhaozhao , Liao Xunfan , Wu Baohua , Zhang Sen , Su Wenyan , Fang Jin , Zhao Chao , Yan Cenqi , Chen Kai , Li Yuxiang , Gao Chao , Li Gang , Ma Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHere, a near‐infrared (NIR)‐absorbing small‐molecule acceptor (SMA) Y‐SeNF with strong intermolecular interaction and crystallinity is developed by combining selenophene‐fused core with naphthalene‐containing end‐group, and then as a custom‐tailor guest acceptor is incorporated into the binary PM6:L8‐BO host system. Y‐SeNF shows a 65 nm red‐shifted absorption compared to L8‐BO. Thanks to the strong crystallinity and intermolecular interaction of Y‐SeNF, the morphology of PM6:L8‐BO:Y‐SeNF can be precisely regulated by introducing Y‐SeNF, achieving improved charge‐transporting and suppressed non‐radiative energy loss. Consequently, ternary polymer solar cells (PSCs) offer an impressive device efficiency of 19.28% with both high photovoltage (0.873 V) and photocurrent (27.88 mA cm−2), which is one of the highest efficiencies in reported single‐junction PSCs. Notably, ternary PSC has excellent stability under maximum‐power‐point tracking for even over 200 h, which is better than its parental binary devices. The study provides a novel strategy to construct NIR‐absorbing SMA for efficient and stable PSCs toward practical applications.
Acidity‐Biodegradable Iridium‐Coordinated Nanosheets for Amplified Ferroptotic Cell Death Through Multiple Regulatory Pathways
Authors: Huang Lili , Nie Tongtong , Jiang Lixian , Chen Ying , Zhou Yixuan , Cai Xiaojun , Zheng Yuanyi , Wang Longchen , Wu Jianrong , Ying Tao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFerroptosis‐based treatment strategies display the potential to suppress some malignant tumors with intrinsic apoptosis resistance. However, current related cancer treatments are still hampered by insufficient intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and Fe2+ contents, posing considerable challenges for their clinical translation. Herein, an intracellular acid‐biodegradable iridium‐coordinated nanosheets (Ir‐Hemin) with sonodynamic therapy (SDT) properties to effectively induce ferroptosis in tumor cells through multiple regulatory pathways are proposed. Under ultrasound (US) irradiation, Ir‐Hemin nanosheets act as nanosonosensitizers to effectively generate ROS, subsequently causing the accumulation of lipid peroxides (LPO) and inducing ferroptotic cell death. Furthermore, these Ir‐Hemin nanosheets decompose quickly to release hemin and Ir(IV), which deplete intracellular glutathione (GSH) to deactivate the enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and initiate the ferroptosis pathway. Specifically, the released hemin enables heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1) upregulation for endogenous ferrous ion supplementation, which compensates for the toxicity concerns brought about by the large uptake of exogenous iron. Surprisingly, Ir‐Hemin nanosheets exhibit high tumor accumulation and trigger effective ferroptosis for tumor therapy. These Ir‐Hemin nanosheets display pronounced synergistic anticancer efficacy under US stimulation both in vitro and in vivo, providing a strong rationale for the application of ferroptosis in cancer treatment.
Towards a More Sustainable Photocatalyzed α‐Arylation of Amines: Green Solvents, Catalyst Recycling and Low Loading
Authors: Quintavalla Arianna , Carboni Davide , Sepe Cecilia , Mummolo Liviana , Zaccheroni Nelsi , Lombardo Marco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA more sustainable and efficient protocol for the photocatalytic α‐amino arylation promoted byfac‐Ir(ppy)3was developed. Three noteworthy results were achieved: i) the replacement of toxic medium DMA with the greener solvents NBP and NHP, and the concurrent improvement of the process efficiency by lowering both the amine and the base amount; ii) the development of a recycling protocol for both the sustainable solvent NHP and the commercially available costly photocatalystfac‐Ir(ppy)3, achieving environmental and economic benefits. This approach to the photocatalyst recovery avoids very demanding catalyst structural modifications; iii) the protocol in green solvents proved to be scalable up to 10 mmol of limiting reagent, maintaining excellent performance also lowering the photocatalyst loading down to 0.05 mol%. This is the first example of photocatalytic α‐arylation of amines promoted by such a low amount of catalyst. Lastly, the versatility of this approach was demonstrated by extending the use of the green solvent NBP to another photoredox process.magnified image
Modeling salt adsorption in electrical double layer for capacitive deionization
Authors: Lin Yu‐Jeng , Chen Chau‐Chyun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis work presents an electrical double layer (EDL) model for capacitive deionization (CDI) by intercorrelating the salt adsorption, the electrode voltage, and the surface charge density. The counterion condensation is considered a crucial contribution to salt adsorption because of the high surface charge density in the charged micropores. The counterions condense when the surface charge density exceeds a critical value, which is predicted by the counterion condensation theory. The EDL model accurately correlates the NaCl salt adsorption and electrode voltage with various surface charge densities and well predicts the salt adsorption in a wide range of external salt concentrations. The EDL model reproduces the non‐monotonic relationship between the salt adsorption and the specific surface area observed in experiments and provides an explanation from the modeling perspective. Exhibiting superior accuracy and predictability for salt adsorption, the EDL model could serve as an enabling tool contributing to the development of CDI processes.
A green/sustainable organocatalytic pathway for the preparation of esterified supercriticalCO2‐dried potato starch products
Authors: Alassmy Yasser A. , Abduljawad Marwan M. , Al‐shamrani Khalid M. , Alnafisah Mohammed S. , El Nokab Mustapha El Hariri , Pour Zahra Asgar , Gomes Diego R. , Yolcu Selin , Sebakhy Khaled O. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractProduction of renewable and modified starch‐based products was achieved using a sustainable catalyst and an environmentally friendly drying process via supercritical CO2. Potato starch was modified via a sustainable and green esterification process with acetic anhydride reagent implementing a novel organocatalytic pathway at different periods of time (0.5, 3 and 7 h) by applying an esterification reaction at 120°C targeting intermediate degrees of substitution (i.e., 0.2 < DS <1.5) finding potential applications as polymer packaging materials. The final modified samples were divided into two fractions, where the first fraction was dried under vacuum at 80° C for 24 h and the second fraction was dried under supercritical CO2at 40° C and 100 bars for 2 h. The final products were analyzed using an array of characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), N2physisorption, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Karl Fischer. The chemical structure of both fractions was similar as confirmed by the different characterization techniques. Drying under supercritical CO2preserved some pores in the modified starch materials as opposed to thermal oven drying, as was confirmed by N2physisorption measurements. The degree of substitution (DS) was determined using three different techniques; titration, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and solution state proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy and the values were greater than 0.2 and less than 1.5 indicating intermediate degrees of substitution.
Targeting Synovial Lymphatic Function as a Novel Therapeutic Intervention for Age‐Related Osteoarthritis in Mice
Authors: Lin Xi , Bell Richard D. , Catheline Sarah E. , Takano Takahiro , McDavid Andrew , Jonason Jennifer H. , Schwarz Edward M. , Xing Lianping 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThe synovial lymphatic system (SLS) removes catabolic factors from the joint. Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF‐C) and its receptor, VEGFR‐3, are crucial for lymphangiogenesis. However, their involvement in age‐related osteoarthritis (OA) is unknown. This study was undertaken to determine whether the SLS and the VEGF‐C/VEGFR‐3 pathway contribute to the development and progression of age‐related OA, using a murine model of naturally occurring joint disease.MethodsSLS function was assessed in the knees of young (3‐month‐old) and aged (19–24‐month‐old) male and female C57BL/6J mice via a newly established in vivo IVIS‐dextran imaging approach, which, in addition to histology, was used to assess the effects of VEGF‐C treatment on SLS function and OA pathology in aged mice. RNA‐sequencing of synovial tissue was performed to explore molecular mechanisms of the disease in the mouse knee joints.ResultsResults showed that aged mice had impaired SLS function, including decreases in joint clearance (mean T1/2 of signal intensity clearance, 2.8 hours in aged mice versus 0.5 hours in young mice; P < 0.0001), synovial influx (mean ± SD 1.7 ± 0.8% in aged mice versus 4.1 ± 1.9% in young mice; P = 0.0004), and lymph node draining capacity (mean ± SD epifluorescence total radiant intensity ([photons/second]/[μW/cm2]) 1.4 ± 0.8 in aged mice versus 3.7 ± 1.2 in young mice; P < 0.0001). RNA‐sequencing of the synovial tissue showed that Vegf‐c and Vegfr3 signaling genes were decreased in the synovium of aged mice. VEGF‐C treatment resulted in improvements in SLS function in aged mice, including increased percentage of signal intensity joint clearance (mean ± SD 63 ± 9% in VEGF‐C–treated aged mice versus 52 ± 15% in vehicle‐treated aged mice; P = 0.012), increased total articular cartilage cross‐sectional area (mean ± SD 0.38 ± 0.07 mm2 in VEGF‐C–treated aged mice versus 0.26 ± 0.07 mm2 in vehicle‐treated aged mice; P < 0.0001), and decreased percentage of matrix metallopeptidase 13–positive staining area within total synovial area in 22‐month‐old VEGF‐C–treated mice versus 22‐month‐old vehicle‐treated mice (mean ± SD decrease 7 ± 2% versus 4 ± 1%; P = 0.0004).ConclusionSLS function is reduced in the knee joints of aged mice due to decreased VEGF‐C/VEGFR‐3 signaling. VEGF‐C treatment attenuates OA joint damage and improves synovial lymphatic drainage in aged mice. The SLS and VEGF‐C/VEGFR‐3 signaling represent novel physiopathologic mechanisms that could potentially be used as therapeutic targets for age‐related OA.
Efficient Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 on g‐C3N4 Monolayer‐supported Metal Trimer Catalysts: A DFT Study
Authors: Ren Yu , Sun Xiaoying , Jing Hongyu , Xie Zean , Zhao Zhen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of CO2 into valuable chemicals and fuels is a promising but challenging method to realize the carbon cycle. In this work, a series of transition metal trimer clusters supported on g‐C3N4 catalysts (M3@g‐C3N4, M=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Ru) for electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2RR) toward C1 and C2 products were systemically studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our results show that CO2 could be adsorbed and activated effectively on M3@g‐C3N4 from adsorption configurations and electronic structures analyses. Cu3@g‐C3N4 is a promising electrocatalyst for CH4 production with a limiting potential of −0.42 V. Cr3@g‐C3N4, Fe3@g‐C3N4, and Co3@g‐C3N4 produce a low limiting potential of −0.64 V, −0.45 V, and −0.64 V for C2H4 production, respectively. Hydrogen evolution reaction is refrained on Cu3@g‐C3N4, Cr3@g‐C3N4, and Co3@ g‐C3N4. This work provides useful insights into transition metal trimer cluster catalysts with enhanced activity and selectivity in CO2RR.
Europium doped Sr2YNbO6 double perovskite phosphor for photoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties
Authors: Degda Naresh , Patel Nimesh , Verma Vishwnath , Srinivas Mangalampalli , Murthy Kota Venkata Ramana , Haranath Divi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA luminescent double perovskite phosphor Sr2YNbO6 doped with Eu3+ crystallized to the monoclinic phase and was synthesized successfully via a conventional high‐temperature combustion method. The formation of the crystal structure, phase purity, and surface morphology were studied using X‐ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy. The characteristic vibrations between the atoms of the functional groups present in phosphor were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis. The luminescence properties of the prepared phosphors were investigated in terms of photoluminescence (PL) and thermoluminescence (TL). PL excitation spectra exhibited charge transfer bands and the characteristic 4f6 transitions of Eu3+. A prominent PL emission was obtained for the phosphor doped with 4 mol% Eu3+ under the 396 nm excitation wavelength. PL emission quenching was observed for the higher doping concentrations due to a multipole–multipole interaction. A highly intense PL emission arose due to the hypersensitive 5D0–7F2 electric dipole transition of Eu3+ that dominated the emission spectra. The thermal stability of the phosphor was examined through temperature‐dependent PL. The TL properties of the Sr2YNbO6 double perovskites irradiated with a 90Sr beta source at different doses were measured. The double perovskite phosphors under study showed a linear dose–response with increasing beta dose, ranging from 1 Gy to 10 Gy. Trapping parameters of the TL glow curves were determined using Chen's peak shape method and computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD). CGCD fitting of the TL glow curves revealed that it was consisted of three major peaks and followed second‐order kinetics. The estimated activation energies were determined using different methods and were comparable and significant.
The importance of pH for the formation of stable and active quercetin–polyamidoamine dendrimer complex
Authors: Kim Hong Taek , Yoo Miri , Yang Eun‐Ju , Song Kyung‐Sik , Park Eun Ji , Na Dong Hee 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pH on the complexation of quercetin and polyamidoamaine (PAMAM) dendrimers, which can exert antioxidant activity in aqueous solution. The therapeutic use of quercetin has been limited due to its low water solubility and bioavailability. In this study, quercetin was complexed with generation 4 PAMAM (G4) in different buffers at pH 4–9, with pH 6 showing the best results in terms of solubility and stability. The solubility of quercetin in 0.1 M phosphate buffer at pH 6.0 containing 1% G4 was over 1 mg/ml. The antioxidant and neuroprotective activities of water‐soluble G4–quercetin complex (G4‐Q) were comparable to those of free quercetin dissolved in methanol. In conclusion, this study indicates that the complexation of quercetin with PAMAM dendrimers was optimized at pH 6 and the complex exhibits good water solubility, strong antioxidant activity, and neuroprotective activity.
Thalamic pathology in frontotemporal dementia: Predilection for specific nuclei, phenotype‐specific signatures, clinical correlates, and practical relevance
Authors: McKenna Mary Clare , Lope Jasmin , Bede Peter , Tan Ee Ling 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) phenotypes are classically associated with distinctive cortical atrophy patterns and regional hypometabolism. However, the spectrum of cognitive and behavioral manifestations in FTD arises from multisynaptic network dysfunction. The thalamus is a key hub of several corticobasal and corticocortical circuits. The main circuits relayed via the thalamic nuclei include the dorsolateral prefrontal circuit, the anterior cingulate circuit, and the orbitofrontal circuit.MethodsIn this paper, we have reviewed evidence for thalamic pathology in FTD based on radiological and postmortem studies. Original research papers were systematically reviewed for preferential involvement of specific thalamic regions, for phenotype‐associated thalamic disease burden patterns, characteristic longitudinal changes, and genotype‐associated thalamic signatures. Moreover, evidence for presymptomatic thalamic pathology was also reviewed. Identified papers were systematically scrutinized for imaging methods, cohort sizes, clinical profiles, clinicoradiological associations, and main anatomical findings. The findings of individual research papers were amalgamated for consensus observations and their study designs further evaluated for stereotyped shortcomings. Based on the limitations of existing studies and conflicting reports in low‐incidence FTD variants, we sought to outline future research directions and pressing research priorities.ResultsFTD is associated with focal thalamic degeneration. Phenotype‐specific thalamic traits mirror established cortical vulnerability patterns. Thalamic nuclei mediating behavioral and language functions are preferentially involved. Given the compelling evidence for considerable thalamic disease burden early in the course of most FTD subtypes, we also reflect on the practical relevance, diagnostic role, prognostic significance, and monitoring potential of thalamic metrics in FTD.ConclusionsCardinal manifestations of FTD phenotypes are likely to stem from thalamocortical circuitry dysfunction and are not exclusively driven by focal cortical changes.
Printed electronics part II: the hand‐printed zinc‐manganesedioxide‐cell
Authors: Lüttich Maxim , Banerji Amitabh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDie Gedruckte Elektronik ist ein aufstrebender Forschungszweig, der schon in naher Zukunft eine bedeutende Rolle in unserem Alltagsleben einnehmen wird. Gedruckte Batterien sind dünn und flexibel und können nahezu beliebig in mobile Elektronikanwendungen integriert werden. Als Fortsetzung zum Artikel über die gedruckte Elektrolumineszenzfolie präsentieren die Autoren in diesem Beitrag eine dünne und flexible Zink‐Braunstein‐Zelle, die von Schüler:innen mittels eines Handdruckverfahrens gebaut werden kann.