bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Will epigenetics ever be a biosocial science? A reply to Chiapperino and Paneni
Authors: Zaina Silvio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe recent correspondence article by Chiapperino and Paneni in Clinical Epigenetics correctly points to the inability of epigenetics to incorporate fine-grained mapping data of the individual’s surrounding milieu. The authors underline similar shortcomings of genomics. I argue that the tight link between DNA sequence and epigenetic marks is likely to reproduce those shortcomings in epigenetic studies. Moreover, biosocial epigenetics, if ever fully accomplished, would inevitably unmask genetics-based phenomena. The latter would be highly controversial from the viewpoint of dominant identity politics and social constructivism.
Antigen epitopes of animal coronaviruses: a mini-review
Authors: Su Mingjun , Zheng Guanghui , Xu Xiangwen , Song Houhui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCoronaviruses are widespread in nature and can infect mammals and poultry, making them a public health concern. Globally, prevention and control of emerging and re-emerging animal coronaviruses is a great challenge. The mechanisms of virus-mediated immune responses have important implications for research on virus prevention and control. The antigenic epitope is a chemical group capable of stimulating the production of antibodies or sensitized lymphocytes, playing an important role in antiviral immune responses. Thus, it can shed light on the development of diagnostic methods and novel vaccines. Here, we have reviewed advances in animal coronavirus antigenic epitope research, aiming to provide a reference for the prevention and control of animal and human coronaviruses.
Mesenchymal cystic hamartoma of the lung mimicking simple pulmonary aspergilloma: a case report
Authors: Nishii-Mitsuaki Machiko , Nakazono Chiaki , Okada Satoru , Kameyama Kenji , Urata Yoji , Inoue Masayoshi , Ueshima Yasuo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal cystic hamartoma is a rare pulmonary neoplasm, which occasionally presents with severe symptoms such as pneumothorax or hemothorax, and shows favorable outcomes following surgical resection. It presents as solitary or multiple cystic lesions and requires differentiation from cystic malignancies, lymphangiomyomatosis, and cystic adenomatoid malformation.

Case presentation
We encountered a 46-year-old woman with mesenchymal cystic hamartoma mimicking simple pulmonary aspergilloma on diagnostic imaging. Chest computed tomography showed a cystic lesion 1.6 cm in diameter, with an intracavitary nodule. Surgical resection proved neither fungus nor malignancy, and the final pathological diagnosis of mesenchymal cystic hamartoma was made.

Conclusions
Mesenchymal cystic hamartoma might show aspergilloma-like features on diagnostic imaging, in addition to the differential diagnosis of lung cancer.
Identification of the seismoelectric field induced by a slow compressional wave at an ultrasonic frequency
Authors: Wang Jun , Gao Yongxin , Guan Wei , Hu Hengshan 
Published: May 2023

Theoretical studies predict that a slow compressional wave propagating in a fluid-saturated porous medium can produce a coseismic electric field due to the electrokinetic effect, but the experimental proof is still lacking. Laboratory experiments are conducted to measure such a seismoelectric conversion inside a synthetic rock. Fluid pressure signals are recorded by using mini hydrophones 1.6 mm in diameter, and then electric field signals generated at the liquid-solid interface and inside the rock sample based on the seismoelectric effect are recorded by electrode arrays, respectively. The seismoelectric waves induced by fast and slow compressional waves can be clearly identified in the recorded electric signals and their attenuation properties are analyzed at an ultrasonic frequency, which confirms that the seismoelectric signals induced by fast/slow compressional waves are measurable in the experiments. To support our explanation of the experimental observation, theoretical simulations are conducted according to the experimental model and then compared with the recorded experimental data. The results find that the simulated wavefields are in excellent agreement with those signals measured in the measurements, which proves the theoretical prediction of the seismoelectric signal accompanying the slow compressional wave and suggests a feasible way for detecting the slow compressional wave property with seismoelectric conversions in field measurements.
Innovative land seismic investigations for CO2 geologic storage in Denmark
Authors: Papadopoulou Myrto , Zappalá Samuel , Malehmir Alireza , Gregersen Ulrik , Hjelm Lars , Nielsen Lars , Haspang Martin Patrong 
Published: May 2023

The increasing global interest in geologic carbon storage as a feasible way of reducing CO2 atmospheric levels requires extensive onshore high-resolution seismic investigations to characterize suitable storage sites, for example, close to major CO2 emitters. To partly address this challenge and to acquire quality data at shallower and greater depths in a cost- and time-effective approach, a tailored acquisition scheme is adopted and tested at a candidate site in Stenlille, Denmark. The survey aims to understand whether an anticline reservoir structure known to exist at a 1000 m depth can serve for long-term CO2 storage and presents the structural integrity for this purpose. The data are recorded using a combination of nodal arrays, spaced at 10 m in a fixed geometry, and a set of more closely (2 m) spaced digital recorders, mounted on a landstreamer, which was moved at each shot location. Two 12 t mini vibrators are used as seismic sources. The nodal and landstreamer data sets are compared and combined into a unique data set for reflection imaging purposes along five profiles with a total length of approximately 12 km. The seismic sections obtained using this tailored combination of different recorders provide images of the entire shallow and deeper structures with an unprecedented resolution at the different depth levels necessary to assess the full potential of the suggested CO2 storage reservoir. The results significantly increase the existing knowledge of the extent and structural closure of the reservoir as well as a possible fault, all of which are critical for future risk analysis and planning of the storage.
Diagnosis of Ovarian Carcinoma Homologous Recombination DNA Repair Deficiency From Targeted Gene Capture Oncology Assays
Authors: Krumm Niklas , Khasnavis Nithisha S. , Radke Marc , Banda Kalyan , Davies Helen R. , Pennil Christopher , McLean Kathryn , Paulson Vera A. , Konnick Eric Q. , Johnson Winslow C. , Huff Grogan , Nik-Zainal Serena , Swisher Elizabeth M. , Lockwood Christina M. , Salipante Stephen J. 
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE Homologous recombination DNA repair deficiency (HRD) is a therapeutic biomarker for sensitivity to platinum and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor therapies in breast and ovarian cancers. Several molecular phenotypes and diagnostic strategies have been developed to assess HRD; however, their clinical implementation remains both technically challenging and methodologically unstandardized. METHODS We developed and validated an efficient and cost-effective strategy for HRD determination on the basis of calculation of a genome-wide loss of heterozygosity (LOH) score through targeted, hybridization capture and next-generation DNA sequencing augmented with 3,000 common, polymorphic single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites distributed genome-wide. This approach requires minimal sequence reads and can be readily integrated into targeted gene capture workflows already in use for molecular oncology. We interrogated 99 ovarian neoplasm-normal pairs using this method and compared results with patient mutational genotypes and orthologous predictors of HRD derived from whole-genome mutational signatures. RESULTS LOH scores of ≥11% had >86% sensitivity for identifying tumors with HRD-causing mutations in an independent validation set (90.6% sensitivity for all specimens). We found strong agreement of our analytic approach with genome-wide mutational signature assays for determining HRD, yielding an estimated 96.7% sensitivity and 50% specificity. We observed poor concordance with mutational signatures inferred using only mutations detected by the targeted gene capture panel, suggesting inadequacy of the latter approach. LOH score did not significantly correlate with treatment outcomes. CONCLUSION Targeted sequencing of genome-wide polymorphic SNP sites can be used to infer LOH events and subsequently diagnose HRD in ovarian tumors. The methods presented here are readily generalizable to other targeted gene oncology assays and could be adapted for HRD diagnosis in other tumor types.
Multiple Spontaneous Vertebral Fractures in a Younger Post-menopausal Woman Upon Stopping Denosumab Therapy
Authors: Hu Xun Yang , Leslie William D , Kline Gregory 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Denosumab is a widely used medication for the treatment of osteoporosis. It has been observed in recent years that abruptly stopping denosumab leads to an increase in bone turnover markers, a decrease in bone mineral density, and a higher incidence of vertebral fractures. We present the case of a 53-year-old woman with few comorbidities and no prior fragility fractures who experienced 4 spontaneous and severely debilitating vertebral fractures 5-months post denosumab discontinuation. At the time of her fractures, she was found to have markedly elevated bone turnover markers, despite bone mineral density that was not significantly changed from measurements done while on denosumab treatment. She went on to be treated with an alternative antiresorptive agent, risedronate, and had substantial declines in her bone turnover markers, along with clinical improvement in her back pain. She experienced no further fractures while on treatment. Abrupt discontinuation of denosumab without starting an alternative antiresorptive agent can lead to spontaneous vertebral fractures. These fractures can occur in young patients with no prior history of fragility fractures and can be severely debilitating. An alternative antiresorptive agent should be started in the case of denosumab discontinuation.
Growing Wild: Visions of Wildlife Management as Agricultural Science in American Forests and Fields
Authors: Swanson Drew 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFaced with dwindling wildlife populations and new regulatory regimes, some American farmers turned to game farming in the early twentieth century. Private boosters and government agencies envisioned game farming as a replacement for market hunting and as a new agricultural frontier, one that might further blur the boundaries between wild and cultivated nature. Farm and institutional infrastructures developed around such species as white-tailed deer and ring-necked pheasants, only to fade by the end of the interwar period. Game farming's lack of success ultimately stemmed from cultural, legal, and institutional challenges and epitomized the thoroughgoing separation of agricultural and wildlife sciences that firmed after World War II.
Bread or Iron? Competing Visions of American Aid to Soviet Russia, 1921–1923
Authors: Fedorova Maria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWorld War I was a watershed moment in the rise of a new network of international humanitarian organizations that sought to develop systematic responses to the unprecedented social and economic crises caused by the war. Many organizational questions about types of relief, distribution networks, and roles of relief workers, among others, became points of discussion and an open confrontation ensued among different organizations. This article analyzes competing visions of US famine relief to Soviet Russia during the devastating Volga famine of 1921–23. Unofficially presided over by Herbert Hoover, the American Relief Administration sent food, clothing, and medicine to the Soviets, while the so-called radical relief groups demanded a more “permanent rehabilitation” of Soviet agriculture and sought to ship technologies and agricultural specialists. These visions were guided by more than humanitarian ideals. Economic rivalry, class solidarity, anti-communism, and a belief in the power of technology shaped the US famine relief to Soviet Russia.
Des imagesduetdansle procès du 13 novembre 2015
Authors: Delage Christian , Guichard Thibault 
Published: May 2023

PrécisCet article s'interroge sur la manière dont le procès des responsables et complices des attentats du 13 novembre 2015 s'inspire de l'héritage du procès de Nuremberg, qui a été filmé et a accueilli la projection régulière d'images comme témoignages et comme preuves. Cette problématique, qui est caractéristique des sociétés dans lesquelles les images sont l'objet d'un intérêt académique comme judiciaire, conduit à questionner ce qu'elles apportent dans un tribunal, en termes de « vérité », et comment elles sont reçues par les protagonistes du procès et les sociétés dans lesquelles elles ont été produites.
Bioengineering of a tumour-stroma 3D-tumouroid co-culture model of hypopharyngeal cancer
Authors: Saha Santu , Howarth Rachel , Sharma-Saha Sweta , Kelly Charles 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTHead and neck cancer (HNC) differs at anatomical sites and hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) is a type of HNC. The non-surgical treatment option for advanced cases of HPC is radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy but survival is poor. Thus, new treatment approaches in combination with RT are essential. Yet, obtaining post-RT treated tumour specimens and lack of animal models with identical anatomical sites are the major translational research barriers. To overcome these barriers, for the first time, we have developed a tumour-stroma based in vitro three-dimensional (3D)-tumouroid co-culture model of HPC by growing FaDu and HS-5 cells together to mimic the complex tumour-microenvironment in a Petri dish. Before growing the cells together, imaging flow cytometry revealed distinct epithelial and non-epithelial characteristics of the cells. Growth rate of the 3D-tumouroid co-culture was significantly higher compared to the tumouroid monoculture of FaDu. Histology and morphometric analysis were done for the characterisation as well as the development of hypoxia was measured by CAIX immunostaining in this 3D-tumouroid co-culture. Taken together, this innovative in vitro 3D model of HPC resembles many features of the original tumour. The wider application of this pre-clinical research tool is in understanding newer combination (e.g. immunotherapy) treatment approaches with RT in HPC and beyond.
Exocrine gland structure-function relationships
Authors: Khan Sameed , Fitch Sarah , Knox Sarah , Arora Ripla 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Fluid secretion by exocrine glandular organs is essential to the survival of mammals. Each glandular unit within the body is uniquely organized to carry out its own specific functions, with failure to establish these specialized structures resulting in impaired organ function. Here, we review glandular organs in terms of shared and divergent architecture. We first describe the structural organization of the diverse glandular secretory units (the end-pieces) and their fluid transporting systems (the ducts) within the mammalian system, focusing on how tissue architecture corresponds to functional output. We then highlight how defects in development of end-piece and ductal architecture impacts secretory function. Finally, we discuss how knowledge of exocrine gland structure-function relationships can be applied to the development of new diagnostics, regenerative approaches and tissue regeneration.
Transport of synaptic vesicles is modulated by vesicular reversals and stationary cargo clusters
Authors: Vasudevan Amruta , Maiya Reshma , Venkatesh Keertana , Kumar Vinod , Sood Parul , Murthy Kausalya , Koushika Sandhya P. , Menon Gautam I. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Stationary clusters of vesicles are a prominent feature of axonal transport, but little is known about their physiological and functional relevance to axonal transport. Here, we investigated the role of vesicle motility characteristics in modulating the formation and lifetimes of such stationary clusters, and their effect on cargo flow. We developed a simulation model describing key features of axonal cargo transport, benchmarking the model against experiments in the posterior lateral mechanosensory neurons of Caenorhabditis elegans. Our simulations included multiple microtubule tracks and varied cargo motion states, and account for dynamic cargo–cargo interactions. Our model also incorporates static obstacles to vesicle transport in the form of microtubule ends, stalled vesicles and stationary mitochondria. We demonstrate, both in simulations and in an experimental system, that a reduction in reversal rates is associated with a higher proportion of long-lived stationary vesicle clusters and reduced net anterograde transport. Our simulations support the view that stationary clusters function as dynamic reservoirs of cargo vesicles, and reversals aid cargo in navigating obstacles and regulate cargo transport by modulating the proportion of stationary vesicle clusters along the neuronal process.
Temporal regulation of temperature tolerances and gene expression in an arctic insect
Authors: Noer Natasja Krog , Nielsen Kåre Lehmann , Sverrisdóttir Elsa , Kristensen Torsten Nygaard , Bahrndorff Simon 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Terrestrial arthropods in the Arctic are exposed to highly variable temperatures that frequently reach cold and warm extremes. Yet, ecophysiological studies on arctic insects typically focus on the ability of species to tolerate low temperatures, whereas studies investigating physiological adaptations of species to periodically warm and variable temperatures are few. In this study, we investigated temporal changes in thermal tolerances and the transcriptome in the Greenlandic seed bug Nysius groenlandicus, collected in the field across different times and temperatures in Southern Greenland. We found that plastic changes in heat and cold tolerances occurred rapidly (within hours) and at a daily scale in the field, and that these changes are correlated with diurnal temperature variation. Using RNA sequencing, we provide molecular underpinnings of the rapid adjustments in thermal tolerance across ambient field temperatures and in the laboratory. We show that transcriptional responses are sensitive to daily temperature changes, and days characterized by high temperature variation induced markedly different expression patterns than thermally stable days. Further, genes associated with laboratory-induced heat responses, including expression of heat shock proteins and vitellogenins, were shared across laboratory and field experiments, but induced at time points associated with lower temperatures in the field. Cold stress responses were not manifested at the transcriptomic level.
Exploring the moderating effects of SIRT1 protein expression and gene polymorphisms rs7895833 on the relationship between hemoglobin levels and physical frailty in elderly adults with comorbid chronic diseases: A moderated mediation analysis
Authors: Ardinata Dedi , Sari Harahap Novita , Lubis Nenni Dwi Aprianti , Nasution Tetty Aman 
Published: May 2023

Background: Relationship age, hemoglobin, and physical frailty have all been investigated in older people with more than one chronic disease. There has been little analysis of the relationship between hemoglobin, age, physical frailty, Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) protein expression, and the gene polymorphism (SNP) rs7895833 A>G. The goal of this study was to find out how SIRT1 level, SNP rs7895833, hemoglobin, age, and physical frailty (frail score) are related in older Indonesian adults with comorbid chronic diseases. Methods: This was an observational study. Demographic and clinical data were retrieved from the electronic health records of Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. Physical frailty, SIRT1 level, and SNP rs7895833 were measured using an appropriate and valid method. Purposive sampling was used to determine the eligibility of 132 elderly adults from November 2022 to February 2023. Results: The indirect effect of hemoglobin on the frail score (FS) through age was negative and significant, according to a conditional mediation analysis (β=-0.0731; p=0.023). Meanwhile, the direct effect of hemoglobin on the FS was negative and not significant (β=0.1632; p=0.052). According to the conditional moderated mediation analysis, the size of the direct effect of age on FS was increased by genotype AG-GG and SIRT1 level (βlow=0.2647; p=0.002, βmiddle=0.2956; p<0.001, and βhigh=0.319; p<0.001). The size of the conditional indirect effect of Hemoglobin on FS through age was negative and significantly increased by SNP genotype AG-GG and SIRT1 level (βlow=-0.0647; p=0.032, βmiddle=-0.0723; p=0.024, and βhigh=-0.078; p=0.02). Conclusions: Hemoglobin levels in the blood decrease with age, which might affect elderly people who also have chronic diseases. Higher levels of SIRT1 and the SNP genotype AG-GG can both contribute to this. However, the interactions between these variables are complex, necessitating more research to fully comprehend the mechanisms underlying the development of physical frailty in the aging population.
Measuring the psychological burden of women with pelvic floor complaints: The psychometric characteristics of a new instrument
Authors: Brand Alma , Waterink Wim , Rosas Scott , van Lankveld Jacques 
Published: May 2023

Background: To be able to optimize pelvic healthcare, it would be helpful to specifically assess women’s psychological burden with pelvic floor complaints. In the absence of such an instrument, a new instrument was developed to measure this burden in women who seek help. In previous research, a comprehensive overview was yielded of women’s restrictions and distress with pelvic floor complaints, and a conceptual model was developed of seven types of distress that were reflected by 33 statements. The present study was performed to investigate the psychometric properties of the new instrument, termed the Pelvic Floor Complaint-related Psychological Burden Inventory (PFC-PBI). Methods: In an online survey data was collected from women with and without pelvic floor complaints on the 33 statements. The internal consistency of the types of distress was tested, Principal Component and Confirmatory Factor Analyses were performed, and the convergent and divergent validity of the types of distress was examined against existing questionnaires. Results: Based on the factor analyses, a 10-item instrument was tested. Outcomes show excellent internal consistency of this instrument, comprising a single component. The PFC-PBI demonstrated satisfactory convergent and divergent validity. Conclusions: This new measure appears to be a promising tool to inventory the psychological burden of women suffering from pelvic floor complaints. Research into its further development, implementation, and clinical use appears warranted.