bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic basis of mortality resilience mediated by FOXO3 longevity genotype
Authors: Donlon Timothy A. , Morris Brian J. , Chen Randi , Lim Eunjung , Morgen Eric K. , Fortney Kristen , Shah Naisha , Masaki Kamal H. , Willcox Bradley J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFOXO3 is a ubiquitous transcription factor expressed in response to cellular stress caused by nutrient deprivation, inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, radiation, hypoxia, and other factors. We showed previously that the association of inheritedFOXO3variants with longevity was the result of partial protection against mortality risk posed by aging-related life-long stressors, particularly cardiometabolic disease. We then referred to the longevity-associated genotypes as conferring “mortality resilience.” Serum proteins whose levels change with aging and are associated with mortality risk may be considered as “stress proteins.” They may serve as indirect measures of life-long stress. Our aims were to (1) identify stress proteins that increase with aging and are associated with an increased risk of mortality, and (2) to determine ifFOXO3longevity/resilience genotype dampens the expected increase in mortality risk they pose. A total of 4500 serum protein aptamers were quantified using the Somalogic SomaScan proteomics platform in the current study of 975 men aged 71–83 years. Stress proteins associated with mortality were identified. We then used age-adjusted multivariable Cox models to investigate the interaction of stress protein withFOXO3longevity-associatedrs12212067genotypes. For all the analyses, thepvalues were corrected for multiple comparisons by false discovery rate. This led to the identification of 44 stress proteins influencing the association ofFOXO3genotype with reduced mortality. Biological pathways were identified for these proteins. Our results suggest that theFOXO3resilience genotype functions by reducing mortality in pathways related to innate immunity, bone morphogenetic protein signaling, leukocyte migration, and growth factor response.
Humor, transparency, and the management of distrust among business rivals: a case study of berthing meetings at the Port of Tema in Ghana
Authors: Nicolaisen Martin Arvad , Hansen Annette Skovsted 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article builds on rich empirical data following our unexpected discovery of a local practice to circumvent a stressful and counterproductive work environment due to distrust at the Port of Tema in Ghana. Using theoretical work on networks, trust, and humor, as well as extensive ethnographic fieldwork, we found that the humorous atmosphere at the regularly held physical berthing meetings fosters a sense of community, which enables competing professions, private companies, and public institutions to manage their mutual distrust. In an environment where trust among competitors is unrealistic, we argue that the objective of the performance of humor and transparency at the physical berthing meetings is the management of distrust rather than the creation of trust. The meetings have, gradually, grown to serve as a pragmatic local stakeholder adaptation to the challenges posed by universally perceived politicized, opaque, and corrupt business practices at the Port of Tema and beyond. In conclusion, we posit that our empirical findings allow us to identify the potential of and gaps in theories about trust and humor in understanding the dynamics of coping strategies among competitors in business settings that are characterized by unethical practices.
Physical modeling of long-term dynamic characteristics of the subgrade for medium–low-speed maglevs
Authors: Dong Minqi , Wang Wubin , Wang Chengjin , Huang Zhichao , Ding Zhaofeng , Deng Zhixing , Su Qian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo investigate the dynamic characteristics and long-term dynamic stability of the new subgrade structure of medium–low-speed (MLS) maglevs, cyclic vibration tests were performed under natural and rainfall conditions, and the dynamic response of the subgrade structure was monitored. The dynamic response attenuation characteristics along the depth direction of the subgrade were compared, and the distribution characteristics of the dynamic stress on the surface of the subgrade along the longitudinal direction of the line were analyzed. The critical dynamic stress and cumulative deformation were used as indicators to evaluate the long-term dynamic stability of the subgrade. Results show that water has a certain effect on the dynamic characteristics of the subgrade, and the dynamic stress and acceleration increase with the water content. With the dowel steel structure set between the rail-bearing beams, stress concentration at the end of the loaded beam can be prevented, and the diffusion distance of the dynamic stress along the longitudinal direction increases. The dynamic stress measured in the subgrade bed range is less than 1/5 of the critical dynamic stress. The postconstruction settlement of the subgrade after similarity ratio conversion is 3.94 mm and 7.72 mm under natural and rainfall conditions, respectively, and both values are less than the 30 mm limit, indicating that the MLS maglev subgrade structure has good long-term dynamic stability.
A numerical method for the simulation of freight train emergency braking operations based on the UIC braked weight percentage
Authors: Bosso N. , Magelli Matteo , Zampieri N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present paper shows the development of a strategy for the calculation of the air brake forces of European freight trains. The model is built to upgrade the existing Politecnico di Torino longitudinal train dynamics (LTD) code LTDPoliTo, which was originally unable to account for air brake forces. The proposed model uses an empirical exponential function to calculate the air brake forces during the simulation, while the maximum normal force on the brake friction elements is calculated according to the indication of the vehicle braked weight percentage. Hence, the model does not require to simulate in detail the fluid dynamics in the brake pipe nor to precisely know the main parameters of the braking system mounted on each vehicle. The model parameters are tuned to minimize the difference between the braking distance computed by the LTDPoliTo code and the value prescribed by the UIC 544-1 leaflet in emergency braking operations. Simulations are run for different configurations of freight train compositions including a variable number of Shimmns wagons trailed by an E402B locomotive at the head of the train, as suggested in a reference literature paper. The results of the proposed method are in good agreement with the target braking distances calculated according to the international rules.
Unmet need for postpartum family planning and influencing factors in China
Authors: Li Yu-Yan , Che Yan ,   PPC Study Group, Zhou Yuan-Zhong , Cheng Tong-Yin , Dong Xiao-Jing , Hu Xiao-Yu , Huang Xiao-Chen , Jiang Li , Jiang Li-Fang , Luo Yong-Feng , Lv Wen , Qiao Guang-Li , Song Jian-Dong , Wang Jian-Mei , Xia Wei , Yuan Dong , Zhang Lin-Ai , Zhou Yan-Fei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo explore the rate and influencing factors of unmet need for postpartum family planning (PPFP) in China. We conducted a retrospective cohort study at 60 hospitals in 15 provinces that were in eastern, central, and western regions of China. Participants were women who delivered a live birth at the study sites with an interval of 13 to 24 months between delivery and interviews. We selected participants using cluster randomization approach, and the first 300 postpartum women who gave a birth at each study hospital after the initial month that had been selected were interviewed. Information on the women’s background characteristics, pregnancy history, time when menstruation and sexual activity resumed after childbirth, the adoption of contraceptive method, breastfeeding, and any pregnancy or pregnancy outcome after delivery were collected. We performed life-table analysis to estimate the rate of unmet need for PPFP and a 2-level logistic regression model to explore factors that influence unmet need for PPFP within the first 24 months postpartum. A total, 19,939 postpartum women were screened in this study, of which, 17,466 (87.6%) were eligible for this analysis. The rates of unmet needs for any FP methods were 23.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 23.3–24.6%), 11.8% (95%CI 11.3–12.3%); 10.6% (95%CI 10.1–11.1%) at 6, 12, and 24 months postpartum; these rates for modern FP methods were 35.5% (95%CI 34.7–36.2%), 25.6% (95%CI 24.9–26.2%), and 24.6% (95%CI 23.9–25.2%), respectively. Results of 2-level logistic regression analysis showed that less-educated young women, those who had only one child or delivered by vaginal delivery at secondary hospitals, were associated with increased risk of unmet need for PPFP. Approximately 31% of women who had unmet need for PPFP reported a pregnancy during the first 24 months postpartum, which was significantly higher than the level for their counterparts (10.0%). The level of unmet need for PPFP in China was high, resulting in a high pregnancy rate within 24 months after delivery. Women’s age, education level, prior pregnancy and abortion histories, and delivery method were significantly associated with the risk of unmet need for PPFP. National PPFP guidelines that integrate PPFP services into prenatal and postnatal care are urgently needed and should be implemented throughout the country as soon as possible. PPFP services should promote the use of modern contraceptive methods.
History of Sinology in Belgium Until the Open-Door Policy of the Late 1970s
Authors: Standaert Nicolas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article narrates the history of Belgian Sinology both before and since the birth of Sinology (1814) and of Belgium (1830). The overview also embraces a broader group of scholars by including Sinologists who were from Belgium but did not necessarily work there. The first part of the article focuses on Sinological practices by the early missionaries in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The second part covers the nineteenth and twentieth centuries until the Open-Door Policy of the 1970s. This part combines a broad chronological perspective with the history of individual persons and institutions. It includes topics such as the development of oriental studies and studies of religion, the teaching of Chinese language for commercial reasons, and the establishment of Chinese and Oriental institutes within and outside the universities.
Ride-bumpiness in high-speed flight at low altitude
Authors: Jones J. G. , Fry D. E. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryAircraft longitudinal ride-bumpiness during flight at high speed and low altitude is described in terms of the response to discrete gust patterns. Results are expressed statistically in a form that incorporates data from recent turbulence measurements. Effects of basic airframe parameters and of active controls are illustrated and data from a computer-simulation study are used to confirm the validity of the prediction method.
A direct viscid-inviscid interaction scheme for the prediction of two-dimensional aerofoil lift and pitching moment in incompressible flow
Authors: Coton F. N. , Galbraith R. A. McD. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThis paper presents a method for assessing two-dimensional aerofoil lift and pitching moment characteristics including trailing edge and gross laminar separation. The model used is a direct viscid-inviscid interaction scheme based on a vortex panel method with boundary-layer corrections and an inviscidly modelled wake. The integral boundary-layer methods adopted behave well in the region of separation and thus, good comparisons with measured separation characteristics are obtained. Generally the predictions of lift and pitching moment may be considered to be within the experimental error, but where this is not the case, the applicability of the modelling technique is discussed.
Interpreting Eric Hobsbawm's History of the Fin de Siècle ‘Twilight Zone’
Authors: Hearn Mark 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEric Hobsbawm's account of the fin de siècle of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and its post-First World War aftermath, raises the questions of how historians place themselves autobiographically in their histories, and how personal history informs their interpretations. A focus on the fin de siècle reveals Hobsbawm exploring a cultural social democracy as an alternative to the market capitalism that provided the turbulent dynamics tipping towards twentieth-century catastrophe. From the past Hobsbawm offered the people of his present potential alternative models of a more politically harmonious and culturally richer future, a story in which he placed himself. Elements of Hobsbawm's life story emerge in his histories and autobiography, highlighting the personal significance of memory and material objects that Hobsbawm retained – family photos, a school atlas, and his copy of Karl Kraus's Last days of humanity – reflecting an enduring presence of the past that Hobsbawm drew attention to in his work, and helping to shape significant narratives in Hobsbawm's response to the lost realm of fin de siècle Vienna; a ‘twilight zone’, in Hobsbawm's description of that pre-war world, ‘still part of us, but no longer quite within our personal reach’.
Motivic zeta functions of hyperplane arrangements
Authors: KUTLER MAX , USATINE JEREMY 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor each central essential hyperplane arrangement
$\mathcal{A}$
over an algebraically closed field, let
$Z_\mathcal{A}^{\hat\mu}(T)$
denote the Denef–Loeser motivic zeta function of
$\mathcal{A}$
. We prove a formula expressing
$Z_\mathcal{A}^{\hat\mu}(T)$
in terms of the Milnor fibers of related hyperplane arrangements. This formula shows that, in a precise sense, the degree to which
$Z_{\mathcal{A}}^{\hat\mu}(T)$
fails to be a combinatorial invariant is completely controlled by these Milnor fibers. As one application, we use this formula to show that the map taking each complex arrangement
$\mathcal{A}$
to the Hodge–Deligne specialization of
$Z_{\mathcal{A}}^{\hat\mu}(T)$
is locally constant on the realization space of any loop-free matroid. We also prove a combinatorial formula expressing the motivic Igusa zeta function of
$\mathcal{A}$
in terms of the characteristic polynomials of related arrangements.
Controls on Stable Water Isotopes in Monsoonal Precipitation Across the Bay of Bengal: Atmosphere and Surface Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jingyi , Yu Wusheng , Lewis Stephen , Thompson Lonnie G. , Bowen Gabriel J. , Yoshimura Kei , Cauquoin Alexandre , Werner Martin , Chakraborty Supriyo , Jing Zhaowei , Ma Yaoming , Guo Xiaoyu , Xu Baiqing , Wu Guangjian , Guo Rong , Qu Dongmei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStable hydrogen isotopes in monsoonal precipitation (δDp) at three sites (Port Blair, Barisal and Darjeeling) reveal the factors governing δDp variations over a south‐north gradient across the Bay of Bengal. We found that the δDp at each site continuously decreases from May to September and these trends become more pronounced from south to north. The decreasing trends of downstream δDp closely follow the decreasing trends of upstream stable hydrogen isotopes in water vapor (δDv), which indicates that upstream δDv properties shape initial spatiotemporal patterns of the downstream δDp (“shaping effect”). Additionally, our results demonstrate that, during moisture transport, upstream vertical air motions (convection and downward motion) and topographic relief magnify the amplitude of the decreasing trends of downstream δDp (“magnifying effect”). Our findings imply that upstream δDv properties and relevant atmospheric and topographical conditions along the moisture transport pathway need to be considered collectively to better interpret paleoclimate records.
Synergistic Effect of El Niño and Arctic Sea‐Ice Increment on Wintertime Northeast Asian Anomalous Anticyclone and Its Corresponding PM2.5 Pollution
Authors: An Xiadong , Chen Wen , Sheng Lifang , Li Chun , Ma Tianjiao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPM2.5 pollution frequently occurs over the North China Plain (NCP) during early winter, which is usually modulated by the northeast Asian anomalous anticyclone (NAAA). Research into the NAAA and the related PM2.5 pollution has mainly focused on the individual impact of El Niño or Arctic sea ice, with less analysis on their synergistic effect. This study finds that the October Barents–Kara Seas sea ice and the early winter El Niño synergistically exert distinct remote influence on the NAAA via propagation of Rossby waves and finally deteriorate air quality over the NCP. More specifically, the more Barents‐Kara Seas sea ice in October tends to cause a cooling there in November, which stimulates a Rossby wave train and thus strengthens the early winter NAAA. As a result, the weakened ventilation conditions and stagnant air support PM2.5 pollution over the NCP. Further results reveal that if there are El Niño and the more October Barents‐Kara Seas sea ice at the same time, the probability of a strong NAAA is 57% and the associated probability of PM2.5 pollution over the NCP is 43%, which are more than that if only the more Barents‐Kara Seas sea ice (0%) or El Niño (14%). Considering the key role of the NAAA to PM2.5 pollution over the NCP, we therefore construct a simple linear model that can skillfully predict early winter NAAA at a lead time of 1 month, which shows good performance with correlation coefficient of up to 0.61 in raw NAAA.
Topside Ionosphere Sounding From the CHAMP, GRACE, and GRACE‐FO Missions
Authors: Schreiter Lucas , Stolle Claudia , Rauberg Jan , Kervalishvili Guram , van den Ijssel Jose , Arnold Daniel , Xiong Chao , Callegare Andyara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSatellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) are essential for sounding the topside ionosphere. In this work, we present and validate a data set of Total Electron Content (TEC) and in situ electron density observations from the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE‐Follow‐On missions as well as a TEC data set from the CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload mission. Concerning TEC, special emphasis is put to ensure optimal consistency to the already existing Swarm and Gravity field and steady‐state ocean circulation explorer (GOCE) TEC data sets. The newly processed satellite missions allow covering two full solar cycles with LEO slant TEC. Furthermore, the twin satellite missions GRACE and GRACE‐FO equipped with inter‐satellite K‐band ranging allows to derive the horizontal TEC and, due to the small inter‐satellite distance of the satellite pairs, an approximation for local electron density. However, the derived value of electron density is relative and requires calibration using external information. In this work, the calibration is performed using the IRI‐2016 model. Radar observations, as well as in situ electron density observations available from Swarm B Langmuir probes, are used for validation. Conjunctions between satellites are used to validate the TEC time series. The newly derived data set is shown to be highly consistent with the already existing data sets with standard deviations below 3 TECU for TEC (even 1 TECU was reached for low solar flux) and an offset below 7 × 1010 m−3 with a standard deviation near 1 × 1011 m−3 for the electron density.
The Ionospheric Dynamics of the African Sector Responding to a Severe Geomagnetic Storm; the Storm of 3–5 November 2021
Authors: Rukundo Wellen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe sudden storm commencement (SSC) of 3 November 2021, a severe storm was detected through disturbances in magnetospheric and ring current systems at around 1942 UT. We used a daily variation of total electron content (TEC) from ground‐based GNSS stations, ionosonde parameters and modeled zonal and meridional wind velocities to study the ionospheric response over the African region by comparing storm and quiet time variations. The equatorial GNSS station of NKLG recorded initial positive storm effects around the time of SSC, of which these effects spread over the whole African region during the main phase with positive and negative storm effects during the main and recovery phases respectively. The two disturbances at the SSC and the main phase were caused by the penetrating electric field and traveling atmospheric disturbances respectively. The analysis of TIMED Global UltraViolet Imager images revealed storm time‐induced changes in thermospheric composition during the main phase which resulted in a differential ionospheric response with intense, moderate, and weak positive storm effects in northern, equatorial, and southern regions respectively. The horizontal magnetic field components show two signatures of prompt penetration electric field that suppressed the formation of the equatorial anomaly at SSC and enhanced positive storm effects in the equatorial region at the main phase, Therefore, the ionospheric response was due to the relative contributions of prompt penetration electric field effects and equatorward traveling disturbances which depended on storm onset time, past ionospheric state, and storm phase.
Medium‐Energy Electron Detector Onboard the FY‐3E Satellite
Authors: Ye Yu‐Guang , Li Jia‐Wei , Huang Cong , Zou Hong , Zong Qiu‐Gang , Zhang Xiao‐Xin , Wang Jin‐Song , Liu Ying , Wang Yong‐Fu , Yu Xiang‐Qian , Shi Wei‐Hong , Chen Hong‐Fei , Zou Ji‐Qing , Zhong Wei‐Ying , Chen Jia‐Li , Jia Xiang‐Hong , Wang Bo , Shao Si‐Pei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Medium‐Energy Electron Detector (MEED), a space weather monitoring instrument on the Fengyun‐3E (FY‐3E) satellite, is introduced in this paper. The MEED utilizes pin‐hole imaging technology on low‐orbit satellites for medium‐energy electron detection. Two orthogonal sensor heads enable the MEED to measure electrons from 18 directions simultaneously in the energy range of 30–600 keV (divided into eight exponentially distributed energy channels). The instrument has a ∼12° angular resolution and covers two 180° × 30° fields of view. With the magnetometer onboard the same satellite, the pitch angle distribution of medium‐energy electrons can be obtained with good angular resolution. This paper presents the design principle, ground calibration results, and preliminary on‐orbit test results of the FY‐3E MEED. The on‐orbit test results show that the medium‐energy electron fluxes, geographical distribution, energy spectrum, and pitch angle observed by the MEED are in agreement with the expected results. The MEED provides a new method to observe the low‐orbit energetic electron radiation environment from the FY‐3E satellite. Its successful in‐orbit operation will enable the theoretical study of radiation belts and improve space weather research.