bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation in fatty acid content among benthic invertebrates in a seasonally driven system
Authors: Hedberg Per , Lau Danny C. P. , Albert Séréna , Winder Monika 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAt temperate latitudes where seasonal changing environmental conditions strongly affect the magnitude, duration and species composition of pelagic primary production, macrobenthic organisms living below the photic zone rely on the sedimentation of organic matter as their primary energy source. The succession from nutritious spring blooms to summer cyanobacteria is assumed to reduce food quality for benthic primary consumers and their fatty acid (FA) profiles. In contrast, we find low seasonal variability in FA content of five benthic macroinvertebrates spanning two trophic levels in the Baltic Sea, a system with high seasonal variation in phytoplankton species composition. However, levels of the major FA groups vary greatly between benthic species. The results suggest that benthic macroinvertebrates have evolved FA metabolism adapted to degraded sedimenting material. Moreover, our study shows that species composition of benthic macrofauna rather than seasonal changing conditions affect availability of essential nutrients to higher trophic levels.
Transmembrane protein 147, as a potential Sorafenib target, could expedite cell cycle process and confer adverse prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ma Wanshan , Zhang Xiaoyu , Lu Jing , Lv Shiyu , Zhang Zhenyu , Ma Hongxin , Chen Qianqian , Cao Wenjing , Zhang Xiaoning 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTMEM147 was identified as a core component of ribosome‐bound translocon complex at ER/NE. So far, sparse studies reported its expression profiling and oncological implications in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Here we inspected TMEM147 expression levels in HCC cohorts from public databases and tumor tissues. TMEM147 was augmented at transcriptional levels (p < 0.001) and protein levels in HCC patients. A series of bioinformatics tools implemented in R studio were orchestrated in TCGA‐LIHC to evaluate the prognostic significance, compile relevant gene clusters, and explore the oncological functions and therapy responses. It is suggested that TMEM147 could predict poor clinical outcomes effectively and independently (p < 0.001, HR = 2.231 for overall survival (OS) vs. p = 0.04, HR = 2.296 for disease‐specific survival), and was related to risk factors including advanced histologic tumor grade (p < 0.001), AFP level (p < 0.001) and vascular invasion (p  = 0.007). Functional enrichment analyses indicated that TMEM147 was involved in cell cycle, WNT/MAPK signaling pathways and ferroptosis. Expression profiling in HCC cell lines, mouse model, and a clinical trial revealed that TMEM147 was a considerable target and marker for adjuvant therapy in vitro and in vivo. Subsequentially, in vitro wet‐lab experimentation authenticated that TMEM147 would be downregulated by Sorafenib administration in hepatoma cells. Lentivirus‐mediated overexpression of TMEM147 could promote cell cycle progression from S phase into G2/M phase, and enhance cell proliferation, thus attenuating drug efficacy and sensitivity of Sorafenib. Further explorations into TMEM147 may inspire a fresh perspective to predict clinical outcomes and improve therapeutic efficacy for HCC patients.
Overexpression of TYRO3 indicates poor prognosis and induces gastric cancer progression via AKT‐mTOR pathway
Authors: Wang Junfeng , Cheng Zhengwu , Dai Dafei , Li Hao , Shao Xinyu , Xu Menglin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is among of the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide. This is because many patients are diagnosed with advanced GC and postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy have also exhibited limited effects on GC. TYRO3 has been considered carcinogenic and a potential therapeutic target for GC. However, TYRO3 function and mechanism in GC remains elusive. The study results indicated that TYRO3 was aberrantly elevated in GC tissues and predicted poor prognosis. TYRO3 is closely associated with clinicopathological indicators in GC tissues such as lymph node metastasis, venous invasion, neural invasion, and the tumor‐node‐metastasis stage. In addition, TYRO3 expression levels are closely related to the AKT‐mTOR pathway in GC tissues. Moreover, the oncogenic role of TYRO3 was determined through in vitro and in vivo functional assays, and knockdown of the TYRO3 expression level in GC cell lines can effectively suppress the AKT‐mTOR pathway and inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, this study provides a theoretical basis for establishing the potential association and regulatory mechanism between TYRO3 and AKT‐mTOR and offers a new strategy for GC‐targeted therapy.
An integrative analysis reveals the prognostic value and potential functions of PSMD11 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Cong , Xu Tiantian , Ji Kun , Cao Shoujin , Cao Yunbo , Ai Jing , Jing Li , Sun Jun‐Hui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe global burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as a preeminent etiology of cancer‐related mortalities sheds light on the imperative necessity for a more profound comprehension of its fundamental biological mechanisms. In this context, the precise function of the 26S proteasome non‐ATPase regulatory subunit 11 (PSMD11) in HCC remains equivocal. To address this vital knowledge gap, we interrogated the cancer genome atlas, genotype‐tissue expression, International cancer genome consortium, gene expression omnibus, the cancer cell line encyclopedia, and tumor immune single‐cell hub databases to evaluate the expression pattern of PSMD11, further confirmed by reverse‐transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) in LO2, MHCC‐97H, HepG2, and SMMC7721 cell lines. Additionally, we meticulously assessed the clinical significance and prognostic value of PSMD11, while also exploring its potential molecular mechanisms in HCC. Our findings demonstrated that PSMD11 was highly expressed in HCC tissues, correlating with pathologic stage and histologic grade, thereby conferring a poor prognosis. Mechanistically, PSMD11 appears to exert its tumorigenic effects through the modulation of tumor metabolism‐related pathways. Impressively, low PSMD11 expression was associated with increased immune effector cell infiltration, heightened responsiveness to molecular targeted drugs such as dasatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, and imatinib, as well as reduced somatic mutation rate. Additionally, we demonstrated that PSMD11 might modulate HCC development through intricate interactions with cuproptosis‐related genes ATP7A, DLAT, and PDHA1. Our comprehensive analyses collectively suggest that PSMD11 represents a promising therapeutic target in HCC.
VerteFormer: A single‐staged Transformer network for vertebrae segmentation from CT images with arbitrary field of views
Authors: You Xin , Gu Yun , Liu Yingying , Lu Steve , Tang Xin , Yang Jie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundSpinal diseases are burdening an increasing number of patients. And fully automatic vertebrae segmentation for CT images with arbitrary field of views (FOVs), has been a fundamental research for computer‐assisted spinal disease diagnosis and surgical intervention. Therefore, researchers aim to solve this challenging task in the past years.PurposeThis task suffers from challenges including the intra‐vertebrae inconsistency of segmentation and the poor identification of biterminal vertebrae in CT scans. And there are some limitations in existing models, which might be difficult to be applied to spinal cases with arbitrary FOVs or employ multi‐stage networks with too much computational cost. In this paper, we propose a single‐staged model called VerteFormer which can effectively deal with the challenges and limitations mentioned above.MethodsThe proposed VerteFormer utilizes the advantage of Vision Transformer (ViT), which does well in mining global relations for input data. The Transformer and UNet‐based structure effectively fuse global and local features of vertebrae. Beisdes, we propose the Edge Detection (ED) block based on convolution and self‐attention to divide neighboring vertebrae with clear boundary lines. And it simultaneously promotes the network to achieve more consistent segmentation masks of vertebrae. To better identify the labels of vertebrae in the spine, particularly biterminal vertebrae, we further introduce global information generated from the Global Information Extraction (GIE) block.ResultsWe evaluate the proposed model on two public datasets: MICCAI Challenge VerSe 2019 and 2020. And VerteFormer achieve 86.39% and 86.54% of dice scores on the public and hidden test datasets of VerSe 2019, 84.53% and 86.86% of dice scores on VerSe 2020, which outperforms other Transformer‐based models and single‐staged methods specifically designed for the VerSe Challenge. Additional ablation experiments validate the effectiveness of ViT block, ED block and GIE block.ConclusionsWe propose a single‐staged Transformer‐based model for the task of fully automatic vertebrae segmentation from CT images with arbitrary FOVs. ViT demonstrates its effectiveness in modeling long‐term relations. The ED block and GIE block has shown their improvements to the segmentation performance of vertebrae. The proposed model can assist physicians for spinal diseases' diagnosis and surgical intervention, and is also promising to be generalized and transferred to other applications of medical imaging.
Reducing the burden of knee osteoarthritis through community pharmacy: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial of the Knee Care for Arthritis through Pharmacy Service
Authors: Darlow Ben , Brown Melanie , Stanley James , Abbott J. Haxby , Briggs Andrew M. , Clark Jane , Frew Gareth , Grainger Rebecca , Hood Fiona , Hudson Ben , Keenan Rāwiri , Marra Carlo , McKinlay Eileen , Pask Alison , Pierobon Andrés , Simmonds Shirley , Vincent Loren , Wilson Ross , Dean Sarah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionKnee osteoarthritis (OA) negatively impacts the health outcomes and equity, social and employment participation, and socio‐economic wellbeing of those affected. Little community‐based support is offered to people with knee OA in Aotearoa New Zealand. Identifying Māori and non‐Māori with knee OA in community pharmacy and providing co‐ordinated, evidence‐ and community‐based care may be a scalable, sustainable, equitable, effective and cost‐effective approach to improve health and wellbeing.AimAssess whether the Knee Care for Arthritis through Pharmacy Service (KneeCAPS) intervention improves knee‐related physical function and pain (co‐primary outcomes). Secondary aims assess impacts on health‐related quality of life, employment participation, medication use, secondary health care utilisation, and relative effectiveness for Māori.Methods and analysisA pragmatic randomised controlled trial will compare the KneeCAPS intervention to the Pharmaceutical Society of New Zealand Arthritis Fact Sheet and usual care (active control) at 12 months for Māori and non‐Māori who have knee OA. Participants will be recruited in community pharmacies. Knee‐related physical function will be measured using the function subscale of the Short Form of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Knee‐related pain will be measured using an 11‐point numeric pain rating scale. Primary outcome analyses will be conducted on an intention‐to‐treat basis using linear mixed models. Parallel within‐trial health economic analysis and process evaluation will also be conducted.Ethics and trial disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the Central Health and Ethics Committee (2022‐EXP‐11725). The trial is registered with ANZCTR (ACTRN12622000469718). Findings will be submitted for publication and shared with participants.
Analytical solutions for chemical dissolution‐front instability problems involving radially divergent flow within fluid‐saturated porous media
Authors: Zhao Chongbin , Hobbs Bruce E. , Ord Alison 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThrough using rigorously mathematical deductions, this article derives analytical solutions for chemical dissolution‐front instability (CDFI) problems, in which radially divergent flow is involved within fluid‐saturated porous media. Since the acid injection‐well to be considered is a circle of nonzero radius in the horizontal plane, a polar coordinate system is used to describe the coupled mathematical governing equations of the CDFI problem. To facilitate deriving analytical solutions, an appropriate mathematical transform is used to convert the coupled mathematical governing equations from a dimensional form into a dimensionless one. This enables the generalized linear stability approach to be utilized for deriving both analytical base and perturbation solutions for the CDFI problem involving radially divergent flow within a fluid‐saturated porous medium. Consequently, a theoretical criterion, which is usable for assessing the CDFI in the chemical dissolution system (CDS), is further established from the corresponding analytical perturbation solutions. The related theoretical results have demonstrated that: (1) the proposed theoretical criterion is useful and applicable for assessing the CDFI associated with radially divergent flow within fluid‐saturated porous media; (2) the permeability ratio between the downstream and upstream regions can affect significantly the critical Peclet number of a CDS associated with radially divergent flow; (3) the initial porosity can have remarkable effects on the critical Peclet number of a CDS associated with radially divergent flow; and (4) the difference between the final and initial porosities can also affect significantly the critical Peclet number of a CDS associated with radially divergent flow in the fluid‐saturated porous medium.
Stakeholder preferences for pangolin conservation interventions in south‐east Nigeria
Authors: Emogor Charles A. , Zabala Aiora , Adaje Patience Onyeche , Clark Douglas , Nielsen Kristian Steensen , Carmenta Rachel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The overexploitation of biological resources severely threatens many species, requiring urgent and effective conservation interventions. Such interventions sometimes require governance structures that incorporate pluralist perspectives and collaborative decision‐making, especially in complex, multi‐faceted and multi‐scale issues like the illegal trade in pangolins.

We used Q‐methodology to provide evidence to inform interventions for pangolin conservation in south‐east Nigeria. We sampled stakeholder groups associated with pangolin use and protection, including hunters, wild meat traders and Nigeria Customs Service employees, to elicit their opinion and knowledge on the use and perceptions of pangolins and their preferences for interventions to reduce pangolin decline.

We found that the local consumption of pangolin meat as food is the primary driver of poaching in the region. This contradicts popular opinions that pangolins are specifically targeted for international trade, revealing an opportunity for site‐level behaviour change interventions. The different stakeholder groups identified awareness‐raising campaigns, law enforcement, community stewardship programs and ecotourism as preferred interventions, whose effectiveness we attempted to assess using reported case studies.

We observed different perspectives between people associated with pangolin poaching and use (predominantly those living around pangolin habitats, including hunters and wild meat traders) and those working to protect them (such as conservation organisations and Nigeria Customs Service employees). For example, the first group supported community stewardship programs, while the latter preferred awareness‐raising and law enforcement efforts. This divergence in perspectives underpins the need for a combination of targeted interventions at the site level to engage different stakeholders while highlighting the potential challenges to collaborative decision‐making for species threatened by illegal wildlife trade.

Policy implications. Our results stress the importance of targeted and context‐specific conservation interventions.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Post‐curing and fiber hybridization effects on mode‐II interlaminar fracture toughness of glass/carbon/epoxy composites
Authors: Umarfarooq M. A. , Gouda P. S. Shivakumar , Banapurmath N. R. , Kittur M. I. , Khan Tabrej , Parveez Bisma , Sebaey Tamer A. , Badruddin Irfan Anjum 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFailure by delamination is one of the primary concerns in laminated composites. The development and progression of the delamination results in the degradation of composite stiffness affecting its structural integrity and may ultimately result in composite structure failure. Therefore, knowledge of the evolution of delamination resistance and the factors which affect the delamination in composites is of utmost importance for the selection of materials. This study investigates the effect of fiber hybridization and post‐curing on mode‐II interlaminar fracture toughness (GIIC) of Glass/Carbon/Epoxy (GCE) composites. Carbon/Epoxy (CE), Glass/Epoxy (GE), and GCE composite laminates were molded employing the process of hand layup technique and post‐cured at different temperatures. GE laminates exhibited a superior load for delamination and deformation compared to CE and GCE laminates. The hybrid GCE laminates exhibited higher interlaminar fracture toughness compared to non‐hybrid GE and CE laminates, which can be attributed to the synergetic effect of Carbon and Glass fibers. The laminates post‐cured at 180°C exhibited higher fracture toughness in their corresponding groups. The delaminated surfaces of CE, GE, and GCE laminates were further examined under Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to understand the effect of post‐curing and fiber hybridization on mode‐II interlaminar fracture toughness.
You are already dead: Case report of nihilistic delusions regarding others as one representation of Cotard's syndrome
Authors: Koreki Akihiro , Mashima Yuki , Oda Akihiko , Koizumi Teruki , Koyanagi Kazuhiro , Onaya Mitsumoto 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile the symptom of “I am already dead” is a hallmark of Cotard's syndrome, also known as nihilistic delusions, the symptom of “you are already dead” has been neglected.Case presentationA woman aged in her 60s diagnosed with schizophrenia was admitted to our hospital for psychotic symptoms, including delusions of reference, delusions of guilt, auditory hallucinations, cenesthetic hallucinations, agitation, depression, suicidal ideation, and catatonia. During hospitalization, her cenesthetic hallucinations progressed to include nihilistic delusions. She described cenesthetic hallucinations along with various delusional descriptions, including the belief that various objects, such as spoons, irons, nails, rulers, bins, and coins, were inside her body and that her body was being burned or in danger of exploding. She also claimed an altered sense of her own body, that her body was larger than normal or reversed. Moreover, she reported nihilistic delusions that her face and body did not exist, that her heart was not functioning, and that she was going to die soon or was already dead. She occasionally refused to eat because of the feeling of being dead. Notably, during a severe episode, she claimed that a doctor in front of her was dead. Clozapine was effective in improving her symptoms. Ultimately, the patient regained her sense of being alive and acknowledged that the doctor was alive.ConclusionWe report the case of a patient presenting with nihilistic delusions regarding both self and others, along with prior cenesthetic hallucinations. Aberrant interoceptive processing could be a potential link between these two forms of nihilistic delusions.
The most common medications dispensed to lactating persons: An electronic health record‐based approach
Authors: Palmsten Kristin , Vazquez‐Benitez Gabriela , JaKa Meghan M. , Bandoli Gretchen , Ahrens Katherine A. , Kharbanda Elyse O. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeUsing a novel, electronic health record (EHR)‐based approach, to estimate the prevalence of prescription medication use at 2, 4, and 6 months postpartum among lactating individuals.MethodsWe utilized automated EHR data from a US health system that records infant feeding information at well‐child visits. We linked mothers who received prenatal care to their infants born May 2018–June 2019, and we required infants to have ≥1 well‐child visit between 31 and 90 days of life (i.e., 2‐month well‐child visit with a ±1 month window). Mothers were classified as lactating at the 2‐month well‐child visit if their infant received breast milk at the 2‐month well‐child visit. For subsequent well‐child visits at 4 and 6 months, mothers were considered lactating if their infant was still receiving breast milk.ResultsWe identified 6013 mothers meeting inclusion criteria, and 4158 (69.2%) were classified as lactating at the 2‐month well‐child visit. Among those classified as lactating, the most common medication classes dispensed around the 2‐month well‐child visit were oral progestin contraceptives (19.1%), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (8.8%), first generation cephalosporins (4.3%), thyroid hormones (3.5%), nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory agents (3.4%), penicillinase‐resistant penicillins (3.1%), topical corticosteroids (2.9%), and oral imidazole‐related antifungals (2.0%). The most common medication classes were similar around the 4 and 6‐month well‐child visits although prevalence estimates were often lower.ConclusionsProgestin‐only contraceptives, antidepressants, and antibiotics were the most dispensed medications among lactating mothers. With routine collection of breastfeeding information, mother‐infant linked EHR data may overcome limitations in previous studies of medication utilization during lactation. These data should be considered for studies of medication safety during lactation given the need for human safety data.
Attitudes of psychiatry trainees towards patients with borderline personality disorder: Does the stigma begin during training?
Authors: Lindell‐Innes Rhea , Phillips‐Hughes Alexander L. , Bartsch Dianna , Galletly Cherrie , Ludbrook Cathy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractResearch suggests there is a widespread stigma among clinicians towards patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and that this contributes to poor treatment outcomes. Given the influence of learning environments in shaping perceptions, this study investigated the attitude of South Australian psychiatry trainees towards patients with BPD. A questionnaire was distributed to 89 South Australian doctors, from both The Adelaide Prevocational Psychiatry Program (TAPPP) and psychiatry trainees of The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP). This questionnaire investigated the domains of treatment optimism, clinician attitude and empathy towards patients with BPD. Results indicated that psychiatry trainees near the end of training scored significantly lower across all domains, indicating a more negative perception of patients with BPD, when compared to early‐ and mid‐stage trainees. This study identifies a need to understand why trainees closer to qualifying as psychiatrists have increased stigma towards patients with BPD. Improved education and training surrounding patients with BPD is warranted to reduce negative stigma and improve clinical outcomes.