bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Luminance Decay of a Micro-LED Display via Machine Learning on Temperature Distribution and LED Degradation With Implementation by FPGA
Authors: Lin Chi-En , Chen Hao-Ren , Chao Paul C.-P. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A new method for predicting the luminance decay of Micro Light Emitting Diode (Micro-LED) displays by machine learning models is proposed herein with experiments of temperature distribution and degradation established. Although Micro-LEDs can be used as a direct light source for large outdoor advertising billboards, harsh outdoor conditions may lead to the degradation of Micro-LED displays. As a result, a temperature model is first built to predict the temperature distribution for the surface of a Micro-LED display based on illuminated patterns and the temperature sensors installed on the back of the display, followed by the establishment of degradation model for predicting luminance decay of the display based on Micro-LED enclosure temperature, input current, and illumination time. In addition to the establishment of those models, the implementation integrating two models in hardware is done with Verilog and verified by Xilinx Artix-7. The temperature model owns a prediction error of less than 1.1°C in various tests, while the degradation model has an average error of 1.05% (roughly 9 nits) for green light. The operating frequency for implementation can reach 76.92 MHz.
Rapid and automated screening of carbapenemase- and ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria from rectal swabs using chromogenic agar media and the ScanStation device
Authors: Peyroux Julien , Almahmoudh Iyad , Prebe-Coquerel Emelise , Girard Thomas , Maurin Max , Caspar Yvan 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
The ScanSation 100 device (Interscience, France) is an incubator allowing real-time detection of bacterial colony growth by frequently imaging agar plates over time, counting CFU, and detecting colony color. This study evaluated its performance for the early detection of carbapenemase-producing bacteria (CPB) and extended-spectrum β-Lactamase-producing bacteria (ESBL-PB) from rectal swabs inoculated on CHROMagar mSuperCARBA and ESBL media, respectively. Rectal screening ESwabs collected from patients admitted to Grenoble University Hospital between January and June 2021 were analyzed. After inoculation, chromogenic media were incubated for 24 h in the automaton, with image acquisition every 30 min. ScanStation results were compared to visual observations of the plates after 24 h of incubation. In total, 501 rectal swabs were tested. ScanStation showed 100% positive percent agreement (PPA) for the detection of CPB and ESBL-PB, whereas the PPA of color categorization ranged between 45% and 100%. Negative percent agreement (NPA) ranged between 70% and 98%. Negative predictive values (NPVs) were 100% for both bacterial groups, whereas positive predictive values (PPVs) were 70.3% for CPB and 81.0% for ESBL-PB. Importantly, real-time screening allowed detection of the first suspected colony within 10–14 h of growth, on average, whereas visual observation is usually only performed once a day after 18–24 h of incubation. Our study demonstrates the potential use of early images to accelerate the detection of CPB and ESBL-PB and implement effective and timely infection control measures.

IMPORTANCE
The ScanStation 100 device is an incubator able to follow the real-time growth of bacterial colonies on agar plates through digital imaging, allowing users to sort plates according to the presence or absence of colonies, and to distinguish their color using four numeric color filters. Real-time screening shows that first colony detection is possible much earlier (after 10–14 h of growth, on average), whereas visual observation is usually performed only once a day after 18–24 h of incubation. The ScanStation device, combined with chromogenic agar media, is an efficient automated screening method to accelerate the detection of Gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria in laboratories that do not have access to larger laboratory automation systems. Our study shows that setting the image acquisition to one or two early images may allow for the detection of positive samples that were inoculated in the morning, by the end of the working day.
Supplemental Material: Seafloor spreading and the delivery of sulfur and metals to Earth’s oceans
Authors: Syverson Drew , al. et 
Published: September 2023

<p>Description of the methods for estimating reaction zone pressure, temperature, and geochemical conditions. The scripts (GWB and Python) employed for the calculation of reaction zone temperature-pressure conditions and speciation can be accessed at https://bitbucket.org/Tutolo-RTG/script-for-seafloor-spreading/src/master/. </p>
Volume-targeted mask ventilation during simulated neonatal resuscitation
Authors: Law Brenda Hiu Yan , Schmölzer Georg M 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveMask positive pressure ventilation (PPV) in the delivery room is routinely delivered with set peak inflation pressures. To aid mask PPV, stand-alone respiratory function monitors (RFMs) have been used in the delivery room, while ventilator-based, volume-targeted ventilation (VTV) is routinely used in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).DesignThis is a prospective, randomised, crossover simulation study. Participants were briefly trained to use a neonatal ventilator for volume-targeted mask ventilation (VTV-PPV), then performed mask ventilation on a manikin in a randomised order using VTV-PPV, T-piece PPV or T-piece PPV with RFM visible.SettingIn situ in a neonatal resuscitation room within a level 3 NICU.ParticipantsHealthcare professionals (HCPs) trained in neonatal resuscitation with experience as team leaders.InterventionsSemiautomated, ventilator-based VTV-PPV using two-hand hold versus manual PPV via a T-piece device (T-piece, RFM masked) versus manual PPV with RFM visible using one-hand hold.Main outcome measuresRespiratory characteristics including % mask leak, tidal volume (VT) and peak inflation pressure (PIP).ResultsThirty-two HCPs (23 (72%) female and 9 (28%) male) participated. The median mask leak was significantly lower with ‘VTV-PPV’ (11%, IQR 0%–14%) compared with both ‘T-piece, RFM visible’ (82%, IQR 30%–91%) and ‘T-piece, RFM masked’ (81%, IQR 47%–91%) (p<0.0001). The median delivered VTwas 4.1 mL/kg (IQR 3.9–4.4) with VTV-PPV compared with 2.1 mL/kg (IQR 1.2–9) with T-piece, RFM visible and 1.8 mL/kg (IQR 1.1–5.8) with T-piece, RFM masked (p=0.0496). PIP was also significantly lower with VTV-PPV.ConclusionDuring neonatal simulation, VTV-PPV reduced mask leak and allowed for consistent VTdelivery compared with T-piece with and without RFM guidance.
Approved AI-based fluid monitoring to identify morphological and functional treatment outcomes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration in real-world routine
Authors: Mares Virginia , Schmidt-Erfurth Ursula Margarethe , Leingang Oliver , Fuchs Philipp , Nehemy Marcio B , Bogunovic Hrvoje , Barthelmes Daniel , Reiter Gregor S 
Published: September 2023

Aim
To predict antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment requirements, visual acuity and morphological outcomes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) using fluid quantification by artificial intelligence (AI) in a real-world cohort.

Methods
Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography data of 158 treatment-naïve patients with nAMD from the Fight Retinal Blindness! registry in Zurich were processed at baseline, and after initial treatment using intravitreal anti-VEGF to predict subsequent 1-year and 4-year outcomes. Intraretinal and subretinal fluid and pigment epithelial detachment volumes were segmented using a deep learning algorithm (Vienna Fluid Monitor, RetInSight, Vienna, Austria). A predictive machine learning model for future treatment requirements and morphological outcomes was built using the computed set of quantitative features.

Results
Two hundred and two eyes from 158 patients were evaluated. 107 eyes had a lower median (≤7) and 95 eyes had an upper median (≥8) number of injections in the first year, with a mean accuracy of prediction of 0.77 (95% CI 0.71 to 0.83) area under the curve (AUC). Best-corrected visual acuity at baseline was the most relevant predictive factor determining final visual outcomes after 1 year. Over 4 years, half of the eyes had progressed to macular atrophy (MA) with the model being able to distinguish MA from non-MA eyes with a mean AUC of 0.70 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.79). Prediction for subretinal fibrosis reached an AUC of 0.74 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.81).

Conclusions
The regulatory approved AI-based fluid monitoring allows clinicians to use automated algorithms in prospectively guided patient treatment in AMD. Furthermore, retinal fluid localisation and quantification can predict long-term morphological outcomes.
Molecular subtypes, predictive markers and prognosis in small-cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Yanli , Li Sheng , Wang Haiyue , Ren Wenhao , Chi Kaiwen , Wu Jianghua , Mao Luning , Huang Xiaozheng , Zhuo Minglei , Lin Dongmei 
Published: September 2023

AimsA new molecular subtype classification was proposed for small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). We aimed to further validate the classification in various SCLC patient samples using immunohistochemistry (IHC) to highlight its clinical significance.MethodsWe analysed the protein expression of four subtype (achaete-scute family BHLH transcription factor 1 (ASCL1), neuronal differentiation 1 (NEUROD1), POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3) and Yes1-associated transcriptional regulator (YAP1)) and two predictive markers (delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) and MYC) using IHC in 216 specimens from 195 SCLC patients, including 21 pairs of resected biopsy tumours. Associations among molecular subtypes, clinicopathological features and prognostic implications were also explored.ResultsThe ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, YAP1, DLL3 and MYC-positive expression rates were 70.3%, 56.9%, 14.9%, 19.0%, 75.4% and 22.6%, respectively. DLL3 expression had positive and negative associations with that of ASCL1 and POU2F3/YAP1, respectively, whereas MYC had the opposite effect. Strong associations of ASCL1 (Ρ=0.8603, p<0.0001), NEUROD1 (Ρ=0.8326, p<0.0001), POU2F3 (Ρ=0.6950, p<0.0001) and YAP1 (Ρ=0.7466, p<0.0001) expressions were detected between paired resected biopsy tumours. In addition to SCLC-A (ASCL1-dominant), SCLC-N (NEUROD1-dominant) and SCLC-P (POU2F3-dominant), unsupervised hierarchical cluster analyses identified a fourth, quadruple-negative SCLC subtype (SCLC-QN) characterised by the low expression of all four subtype-specific proteins, and 55.4% (n=108), 27.2% (n=53), 11.8% (n=23) and 5.6% (n=11) were categorised as SCLC-A, SCLC-N, SCLC-P and SCLC-QN, respectively. Significant enrichment of SCLC-P in the combined SCLC cohort was observed, and adenocarcinoma was more prevalent in SCLC-A, while large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma was more commonly seen in SCLC-P. No survival difference was found among molecular subtypes.ConclusionsOur results provide clinical insights into the diagnostic, prognostic and predictive significance of SCLC molecular subtype classifications.
Toward a Spatial Understanding of Openness: Richard Sennett’s “Five Open Forms” and/in Music
Authors: Packham Jonathan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article offers a new strategy for cognizing musical indeterminacy based on Richard Sennett’s “five open forms for the city,” an intrinsically spatial way of thinking about what is “open” and how it is open. Sennett’s five forms (“synchronicity,” “punctuatedness,” “porosity,” “incompleteness,” and “multiplicity”) are explored individually as they impact our understanding of openness and/in music, illuminated by examples from contemporary experimental music.
Wettening of the Southern Hemisphere Land Monsoon during 1901–2014
Authors: Cao Jian , Lian Xuanqiang , Cao Min , Wang Bin , Wang Hao , Zhu Xiaowei , Zhao Haikun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The causes of historical changes in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) monsoon are less understood than the Northern Hemisphere (NH) counterpart. Unlike the decline in the NH monsoon during 1901–2014, we found that the SH land monsoon precipitation significantly increased during 1901–2014 in observation, reanalysis, and most historical simulations from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The observed increase in SH land monsoon precipitation is dominated by the Australian and South American monsoons. Moisture budget analysis suggests that half of the wettening is attributable to the strengthening of monsoon circulation, and only one-fifth is caused by atmospheric moistening. The SH monsoon circulation change is mainly affected by the sea surface temperature (SST) gradient between the Indo-Pacific and the eastern Pacific. It enhances the tropical zonal circulation that redistributes the moisture from tropical oceans to land monsoon regions by strengthening the lower-tropospheric convergence and convection. The CMIP6 models, which successfully reproduced the SST contrast between the Indo-Pacific and eastern Pacific, simulate the wettening of the SH monsoon during the historical period; otherwise, the SH monsoon is weakened. In a meridional sense, reanalysis and CMIP6 simulations both demonstrated that the strengthening of SH monsoon convection plays a vital role in the long-term change of zonal mean Hadley circulation, albeit the monsoon band only accounts for 1/3 of the global longitudinal area. Results from this study are useful for constraining the future projection of SH monsoon and understanding the long-term change of Hadley circulation.
Exploring Psychiatrists’ Experiences During Transition from Mental Health Act, 1987 to Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 in Goa, India
Authors: Vanagundi Rohan , Pokle Sneha , Walwaikar Rohit , Waikar Shilpa 
Published: September 2023

Background: Mental Healthcare Act 2017 (MHCA) came into force on 29 May 2018. Goa State Mental Health Authority (GSMHA) notified the Mental Health Review Board on 8 February 2022, completing the important process of implementation of the act. The transition comes with challenges. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with 18 practicing psychiatrists who had worked under Mental Health Act 1987 as well as MHCA 2017 through purposive sampling across Goa. Data was collected through individual interviews; analysis was done by Braune and Clarke’s framework of Thematic Analysis. Results: Eighteen psychiatrists participated: 4 private, 3 secondary and 11 from tertiary levels. The themes extracted were work during MHA 1987, transition, and after the implementation of MHCA 2017. Some participants reported difficulties, felt an increase in workload, and had negative emotions, while a few were neutral, indicating mixed perceptions. Conclusion: This study highlights the administrative struggles and moral dilemmas faced by psychiatrists in handling the new legislation. It’s imperative that the implementation of new act should be carried out with sufficient resource allocation and monitoring mechanisms.
A comparative study of the effect of two different delivery techniques (conventional versus microplegia) of del Nido cardioplegia on myocardium in paeditric congenital heart disease
Authors: Kulkarni Subhash Rao , Bishnoi Saveena 
Published: September 2023

Introduction del Nido cardioplegia was developed for immature myocardium to prevent myocardial damage by Ca+2 in traditional blood cardioplegia. But due to increased hemodilution and decreased colloid oncotic pressure it may cause myocardial edema and increased cardiac morbidity. Microplegia may have better cardioprotection in comparison to del Nido as there is less hemodilution. Material and methods 60 patients from the age group of 1 to 14 years were divided into two groups i.e. del Nido based microplegia group and conventional del Nido group for studying two different cardioplegia technique. Data were collected and compared for intraoperative Hb, CPK-MB and Trop-I levels changes and requirement for defibrillation in intraoperative period. Demographic data, CPB time and ACC time were also collected. Results Marked elevation in CPK-MB and Trop-I levels were seen in both groups. Statistically significant difference was seen in CPK-MB levels after 6 h of surgery where del Nido group has higher value in comparison to microplegia group. No statistical difference was seen in Trop-I levels in both groups. Strength of correlation (r) was also stronger for CPK-MB rise in association with CPB time and ACC time, in del Nido group but not for Trop-I. Significantly higher hemodilution was also seen in del Nido group after delivering cardioplegia. None of the patients required defibrillation in any group. Conclusion Lesser hemodilution was seen in microplegia group. Significant cardioprotection is associated with use of microplegia solution in pediatric age group.
A Propensity Score Matched Exploration of Infection in Primary Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Anastasio Albert T. , Wu Kevin A. , Kim Billy I. , Nunley James A. , DeOrio James K. , Easley Mark E. , Adams Samuel B. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Infection is a serious complication of primary total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) and can lead to implant failure and revision surgery. Various demographic, comorbidity, and surgical factors have been associated with an increased risk of infection. However, the evidence base remains limited, and further research is needed regarding infection in TAA. This study aims to analyze risk factors of infection and explore outcomes following infected TAA. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from a single institution from 2002 to 2022. Patients who underwent primary TAA and had subsequent infection were identified through annual registry surveillance and matched using propensity score matching (PSM) based on various demographic, comorbidity, and surgical factors. Demographics were compared between the matched groups using Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact test. The outcomes following infection were identified and summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 1863 patients who underwent primary TAA were identified, and 19 were diagnosed with an infection. The identifiable overall infection rate was 1.0%. After PSM, there were no significant differences in the difference in age, gender, BMI, and smoking status between the infected and control cohort. There was a statistically significant increase in the rate of diabetes in the infected cohort. The subsequent surgical intervention resulted in limb salvage in 18 (94.7%) cases. Out of the total number of cases, 2-stage revision to total ankle replacement was performed in 7 cases, whereas revision to arthrodesis and isolated polyethylene exchange were each carried out in 4 cases. One patient had to undergo amputation; however, at the time of the most recent follow-up, all patients were found to be free of infection. Conclusion This study demonstrated high rates of a history of smoking and diabetes in the infected TAA cohort. The diabetes rate in the infected group was significantly higher than the noninfected controls. Two-stage revision to total ankle replacement was performed in 7 cases, and revision to arthrodesis and isolated polyethylene exchange were each carried out in 4 cases. Overall, a high rate of limb salvage was reported. Level of Evidence: Level III, case-control study.
Outpatient Total Ankle Arthroplasty (TAA) as a Rising Alternative to Inpatient TAA: A Database Analysis
Authors: Wolfe Isabel , Demetracopoulos Constantine A. , Ellis Scott J. , Conti Matthew S. 
Published: September 2023

Background: There is growing evidence that total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) can safely be performed as an outpatient procedure, with the benefit of decreased health care expenses and improved patient satisfaction. The purpose of our study was to compare readmissions, arthroplasty failures, infections, and annual trends between outpatient and inpatient TAA using a large publicly available for-fee database. Methods: The PearlDiver Database was queried to identify outpatient and inpatient TAA-associated claims for several payer types from January 2010 to October 2021. Preoperative patient characteristics and annual trends were compared for inpatient and outpatient TAA. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revision, diagnosis codes were used to identify infections and arthroplasty failures. Complications rates were compared after matching patients by age, gender, and the following comorbidities: diabetes, smoking, congestive heart failure (CHF), hypertension (HTN), obesity, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Results: A total of 12 274 patients were included in the final exact-matched analysis for complications, with 6137 patients in each group. Outpatients had a significantly lower rate of readmission within 90 days (2.6% vs 4.0%, P < .001), arthroplasty failure (4.1% vs 6.9%, P < .001), and infection (2.4% vs 3.1%, P = .015). Among database enrollees, outpatient TAA has risen in proportion to inpatient TAA from 2019 to 2021. Conclusion: Outpatient TAA had lower rates of risk-adjusted readmission, arthroplasty failure, and infection compared to inpatient TAA. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative database study.
The Scientific Observation Experiences of Gifted/Talented Students: Observing Circadian Rhythm in the Common Bean Plant
Authors: Yurumezoglu Kemal , Oztas Cin Merve , Demir Semra , Bacakoglu Gözde 
Published: September 2023

The activity described here was designed to center on the observation of circadian rhythms in plants through the example of growing beans. The aim was to develop students’ skills of systematic observation of various variables in the long-term. Our study took place at a Science and Arts Center with 17 gifted students in the third and fourth grades who were receiving supplementary education at the center. In the first stage of the study, the teacher initiated the cultivation of the plant and the process of observation 2 weeks ahead of the class and based on the experience of the observation, set up a detailed plan for a classroom activity. The activity was carried out in three phases. The first phase involved the planting and germination of the beans in pots. The second phase focused on the first appearance of the plant’s leaves, while the third phase comprised the process of observing the effects of the intensity of light and the changes in temperature in the environment on the opening and closing movements of the leaves. It was found that the gifted students were successful in making long-term, systematic observations of various variables, and that as time passed, their dedication to the project increased. This motivation led them to delve deeper using different individual skills of scientific observation to discover how circadian rhythm is manifested in different plants, thus expanding their framework of accurate observation. We recommend the widespread use of this activity in the education of gifted students.