bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome analysis of Indian freshwater pearl mussel Lamellidens marginalis to unravel the genes associated with biomineralization
Authors: SUMAN SONAL , Kumar Pavan , Saurabh Shailesh , Katneni Vinay Kumar , Prabhudas Sudheesh K. , Gireesh-Babu P. , Das Rekha , Chaudhari Aparna 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background:The freshwater pearl mussel Lamellidens marginalis is found throughout India and is culturing to produce freshwater pearls. Understanding the process of pearl biomineralization provides insight into the genes responsible for the secretion of the complex nacre. However, information on the transcriptome of L. marginalis pearl sac, mantle tissue and gonads are lacking.
Methods and Results: The present study generated the transcriptome resources for L. marginalis and identified genes involved in the biomineralization process in the species. The Illumina paired-end sequencing generated 11.13 million raw reads, and the reads were assembled into 133,246 contigs and 26,373 unigenes. 21,033 out of 26,373 unigenes showed homology with previously reported molluscan proteins. Genes of several proteins associated with biomineralization, namely, pif, perlucin, calreticulin, calmodulin, chitin synthase, chitin dehydrogenase, carbonic anhydrase, tyrosinase, shell matrix protein, chitinase 3, chitinase domain-containing protein 1, chitinase-like protein PB1E7.04c, and putative chitinase-1 were identified in the study.
Conclusion: This study's findings will help identify differentially expressed genes that govern the characteristics of the pearl and identify the type-I markers in the genes.
Does corruption hinder the effect of financial development on economic complexity? Evidence from MENA countries
Authors: Valentine Soumtang Bime , Motande Mondjeli Mwa Ndjokou Itchoko , Cassandra Koumis Ngagni Agathe 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The objective of this article is to assess the effect of corruption in the relationship between financial development and economic complexity in Middle Eastern and North African countries from 1995 to 2020. Using the two-stage least squares method, the results reveal significant heterogeneous effects of financial development on economic complexity as a function of corruption. Specifically, the results show that corruption worsens the effect of financial access, depth, and efficiency on economic complexity over the period. In contrast, it improves the effect of financial stability on economic complexity in the region. The results appear to be robust to additional factors, another measure of economic complexity, and change in estimation technique. This result calls on policy makers to tighten controls on corruption to allow financial development to significantly enhance economic complexity.
JEL Codes: D63, K42, G20.
Gymnosperms (Pinophyta) in the Komarov Historical Collection of the Herbarium of the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia (HERZ)
Authors: Трофимова А.С. , Ганжур А.В. , Евдокимов А.С. 
Published: April 2023

Статья содержит сведения о гербарных образцах голосеменных растений гербарной коллекции Российского государственного педагогического университета им. А.И. Герцена (HERZ). Рассмотренные материалы принадлежат к исторической части Гербария и в большинстве своем датированы концом XIX - началом XX в. Приведена информация о местах сбора имеющихся в коллекции гербарных образцов (в большинстве своем территорий современной России и Украины, некоторые образцы - из зарубежных стран - Швейцарии, Республики Корея, Японии), систематическом положении образцов (большинство представителей относятся к классу Pinopsida), а также об ученых-коллекторах, проводивших сбор и определение растений. В результате исследования обнаружено шесть гербарных образцов голосеменных растений с пометкой«dupla», собранных в ходе экспедиций Переселенческого управления. Дано краткое описание мероприятий по инвентаризации и систематизации имеющихся образцов голосеменных растений. Приведена сравнительная информация о состоянии аналогичных гербарных коллекций других высших учебных заведений Российской Федерации.
This article contains information about herbarium specimens of gymnosperms from the herbarium collection of the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia (HERZ). The considered materials belong to the historical part of the herbarium and are mostly dated to the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century. The article provides information about the collection sites for herbarium specimens available in the collection (mostly - with the territory of modern Russia and Ukraine; however, some specimens were brought from foreign countries: Switzerland, the Republic of Korea, Japan). Information is provided on the systematic position of the specimens (most representatives belong to the class Pinopsida), as well as on the scientists-collectors who collected and identified the plants. As a result of the study, 6 herbarium specimens of gymnosperms marked "dupla" were found, collected during the expeditions of the Resettlement Administration. In addition to research, a brief description of the measures for the inventory and systematization of the available samples of gymnosperms is given. The article also provides comparative information on the state of similar herbarium collections of other higher educational institutions of the Russian Federation.
Plastification and wood pressing method
Authors: Леонович А.А. 
Published: April 2023

Древесину осины пропитывали водой, водными растворами карбамида и карбамида с добавкой фосфорной кислоты. Термомеханическим методом исследовали деформируемость древесины, установили основные температурные переходы. В условиях горячего прессования вода выступает не столько как литический агент, но, главным образом, как пластификатор. Карбамид снижает температуру расстекловывания на 70 С, начиная с превращений, связанных с выделением аммиака (132 С). Кислота взаимодействует с карбамидом и создаёт слабокислую среду, способствуя прочности прессованной древесины. Прессование изделий проводили при 160…180 С в две стадии со сдувкой свободной воды и последующей термообработкой при 150…180 С. Запатентован способ изготовления прессованной модифицированной древесины преимущественно паркета плотностью 600-620 кг/м3, прочностью при изгибе 120-150 МПа без использования пресс-форм.
Aspen wood was impregnated with water, aqueous solutions of urea and urea with the addition of phosphoric acid. The thermomechanical method was used to study the deformability of wood, and to establish the main temperature transitions. Under hot pressing conditions, water acts not so much as a lytic agent, but mainly as a plasticizer. Carbamide reduces the devitrification temperature by 70 C, starting with transformations associated with the release of ammonia (132 C). The acid interacts with the carbamide and creates a slightly acidic environment, contributing to the strength of the pressed wood. Products were pressed at 160...180 C in two stages with blowing off free water and subsequent heat treatment at 150...180 C. A method of manufacturing pressed modified wood, predominantly parquet, with adensity of 600-620 kg/m3 and a bending strength of 120-150 MPa without the use of molds has been patented.
Large Right Ventricular Hemangioma Presented as Acute Pulmonary
Embolism at Two Weeks Post-COVID19 Vaccination: A Case Report
Authors: Hassan Essam , Arafat Amr A. , Alahmadi Saeed , Roomi Asadullah , Adam Adam I 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Right ventricular hemangioma is very rare. Corona Virus disease (COVID-19) and vaccination were documented to cause diverse thromboembolic phenomena.

Case presentation:
We report a large right ventricular hemangioma presented as acute pulmonary embolism two weeks after COVID-19 vaccination associated with acute kidney injury and significantly elevated Interleukin-6 (IL-6). There was no thrombocytopenia; therefore, the diagnosis of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VIIT) was deemed unlikely. The patient underwent emergency cardiac surgery. The mass was excised through a right atriotomy, and tricuspid annuloplasty was done. IL-6 normalized after six days with resolution of acute kidney injury.

Conclusions:
Pulmonary embolism is a rare presentation of the right ventricular hemangioma, and COVID-19 vaccination could play a role in this presentation. Cardiac hemangioma could be associated with high IL-6 that resolves with excision.
Synthesis of 1,4-Benzodiazepines by Palladium-Catalyzed C-N Coupling
Authors: Bhardwaj Pranshu , Kaur Navjeet 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
1,4-benzodiazepines play a valuable role in organic and medicinal chemistry. In
this review article, we have mainly discussed the synthesis of various 1,4-benzodiazepines in
the presence of a palladium catalyst. Different reactions, such as intramolecular N-arylation,
reductive elimination, oxidative addition, intramolecular alkylation, C-H activation, aryl-aryl
bond formation, etc., are included. For these types of syntheses, an easy and efficient catalytic
domino process has been reported, including the intermolecular or intramolecular reactions. In
this review article, we have also discussed catalyst regeneration and some ligand-free Pdcatalyzed
reactions.
Interaction of Human Gut Microflora with Commonly Consumed Herbs and Spices: A Review
Authors: Irshad Aksa , Rasane Prasad , Gurumayum Sushma , Singh Jyoti , Kaur Sawinder , Patel Avinash Singh , Kumar Ashwani , Kaur Jaspreet , Gunjal Mahendra , Sharma Kanu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Herbs and spices are used since time memorable to transfuse color and add flavors to
food. Their antibacterial properties also help preserve raw and cooked foods. Various diets composed
of herbs and spices, as consistent with various researches, have been shown to influence life
within the human digestive tract. This modulation forms the basis of various health effects that the
herbs and spices and the microflora have on the human health. The intestinal microbiota is engaged
in a critical function of promoting health, composed of favourable microbes (Lactobacillus
and Bifidobacterium) and potentially harmful microorganisms (Salmonella thyphimurium and
Escherichia coli). Spices and herbs make double oddities, i.e., inhibiting the proliferation of hazardous
microbes while promoting favorable ones. The paper reviews the relevant manuscripts
published in the past 20 years to understand the microbial modulation dynamics of herbs and
spices. PubMed, Mendeley, SciELO, Scopus, Science Direct, and other peer-reviewed databases
were accessed for the review. Microbial modulation is achieved by means of herbs and spices owing
to the reduction of oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen radicals, such as OHˉ, singlet
O2, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide radical, which leads to a threat to the intestinal microbiota.
Spices and herbs have essential oils that serve as prebiotics, reducing the demand to impart artificial
antioxidants, thus avoiding the associated health risks. Thus, the present review explores the
mechanisms and underlying functions of herbs and spices in the human gut biome.
Triptolide Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
via Akt/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Zheng Zhe , Yan Guorong , Xi Ningyuan , Xu Xiaoxiang , Zeng Qingyu , Wu Yuhao , Zheng Ying , Zhang Guolong , Wang Xiuli 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F provided the source of the first diterpenoid triepoxide lactone,
Triptolide, identified as the primary constituent causing the anticancer activity. So far, it has not been reported whether
triptolide has a therapeutic effect on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC).

Objective:
This study investigates the triptolide's therapeutic impact on cSCC both in vitro and in vivo and investigates
the triptolide's potential involvement in signaling pathways.

Methods:
The CCK-8 assays, wound healing assays, and colony formation assays were used to assess the effects of
triptolide on the proliferation and migration of cSCC cells. The alteration in gene expression following triptolide treatment was shown by RNA sequencing. Flow cytometry was then applied to evaluate cell apoptosis. Western blot was
used to find the associated proteins' expressions. The effectiveness of triptolide was then evaluated in vivo using a
xenograft model, and histological staining was employed to determine the visceral toxicity.

Results:
Triptolide greatly reduces the migratory and proliferative capacity of cSCC cells. Triptolide dramatically
decreased cell viability and migration in the A431 and SCL-1 cells compared to the control group, according to the
CCK8 assay, wound healing assay, and colony formation assay. Flow cytometry demonstrated that treatment with 10-
40 nM triptolide increased apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, with a statistically significant difference.
Furthermore, mice given triptolide had smaller tumor sizes than those in the control group. Triptolide treatment drastically altered the expression of autophagic and apoptotic proteins. The considerable reduction in the proteins Akt and
mTOR levels further illustrated the critical function of triptolide in cSCC.

Conclusion:
Triptolide caused cSCC cells to engage in autophagy and apoptosis by inhibiting the Akt/mTOR signaling
pathways. Triptolide may be a possible antitumor agent for the treatment of cSCC.
Monoamine Oxidase: A Potential Link in Papez Circuit to Generalized
Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Sharma Ravikant , Kumarasamy Murali , Parihar Vipan Kumar , Ravichandiran V. , Kumar Nitesh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Anxiety is a common mental illness that affects a large number of people around the world,
and its treatment is often based on the use of pharmacological substances such as benzodiazepines,
serotonin, and 5-hydroxytyrosine (MAO) neurotransmitters. MAO neurotransmitters levels are deciding
factors in the biological effects. This review summarizes the current understanding of the MAO
system and its role in the modulation of anxiety-related brain circuits and behavior. The MAO-A polymorphisms
have been implicated in the susceptibility to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in several
investigations. The 5-HT system is involved in a wide range of physiological and behavioral processes,
involving anxiety, aggressiveness, stress reactions, and other elements of emotional intensity.
Among these, 5-HT, NA, and DA are the traditional 5-HT neurons that govern a range of biological
activities, including sleep, alertness, eating, thermoregulation, pains, emotion, and memory, as anticipated
considering their broad projection distribution in distinct brain locations. The DNMTs (DNA
methyltransferase) protein family, which increasingly leads a prominent role in epigenetics, is connected
with lower transcriptional activity and activates DNA methylation. In this paper, we provide an
overview of the current state of the art in the elucidation of the brain's complex functions in the regulation
of anxiety.
Exploration of NPC2 as a Potential Biomarker for Immunotherapy Using
RNA-seq and Protein Data - A New Hypothesis
Authors: Lu Wenjing , Li Dandan , Tao Feng , Chen Qian , Fan Shuxin , Ma Yan , Dong Hong , Hu Yiqiao , Yue Chunyan 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
NPC2 is well known as a player for cholesterol transport. However, the biological role of NPC2 in cancer development and therapy is far from clear.

Methods:
Here, we explore the potential role of NPC2 in prognosis and immunotherapy across multiple cancer types by integrating RNA-seq data from TCGA and GTEx, protein data from CPTAC, and multiple web analysis databases.

Results:
Expression depiction between tumour and normal tissues indicated that NPC2 is overexpressed in the majority of the most common cancer types, including glioblastoma and pancreatic cancer, two cancers mostly difficult to diagnose and treat.

Conclusion:
Cancer stemness in glioblastoma is negatively associated with NPC2 level. NPC2 ex-pression is positively correlated with immune cell infiltration and the expression of several immune checkpoints. IDH1 mutation in GBM is negatively correlated with NPC2 level, while a positive correlation has been found between TP53 mutation and NPC2 expression in pancreatic cancer. NPC2 is also correlated with levels of serum biomarkers used for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
Non-invasive electromagnetic detection of prostate cancer: efficiency analysis
Authors: Chaliy M. E. , Afanasyevskaya E. V. , Amirkhanyan A. S. , Strigunov A. A. , Kadysheva A. M. , Kolygina E. V. , Shurygina A. S. , Tivtikyan A. S. , Kadrev A. V. , Dzitiev V. K. , Okhobotov D. A. , Sorokin N. I. , Kamalov A. A. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Early diagnosis of cancer is one of the most important international strategies. Malignant and healthy tissues differ in the interaction with electromagnetic waves. Pilot studies show a potential perspective for non-invasive analysis of electromagnetic anisotropy in biological tissues.Objective. To assess the diagnostic importance of the electromagnetic detection of prostate cancer (PCa) within the prospective study.Materials & methods. One hundred and twenty-four patients were included to undergo a prostate biopsy, transurethral prostate resection, or radical prostatectomy. The investigators did not have information on their clinical details. Research technique: the probe was applied to the perineal region, turning it in three planes. A reduction of the 465 MHz band below a threshold was fixed and was considered suspect for PCa. The results of electromagnetic evaluation were compared with the findings of a pathomorphological study after biopsy or surgery.Results. Fourty-seven true-positive and 21 true-negative results were detected, 20 false-negative and 46 false-positive (follow-up group as potentially true-positive group). The overall sensitivity was 82%, specificity – 31%. The positive and negative predictive values were 73% and 62%, respectively. The accuracy of the method was 54%.Conclusion. Early PCa stage could be a reason for many false-positive results and low specificity, as a result. PCa detection is significantly reduced with lesions less than 3 mm, therefore patients with false-positive results were placed in the follow-up group. Patients’ examination with the TRIMprob TM («Galileo Avionica» SpA, Torino, Italy) could increase the early PCa detection at the screening. The research is currently ongoing.
Diagnostics of testicular torsion using the TWIST scale (Testicular Workup for Ischemia and Suspected Torsion)
Authors: Sablin D. E. , Sizonov V. V. , Kagantsov I. M. , Garelina P. A. , Havroha O. S. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Testicular torsion (TT) is the most common pediatric emergency urological pathology. To reduce the duration of the diagnostic stage, systems for assessing the risks of testicular torsion based on anamnesis and clinical symptoms were proposed. In 2013, Barbosa et al. proposed the TWIST system (testicular examination for ischemia and suspected torsion), which became the most well-known and widespread. This system makes it possible to identify groups of patients who do not require scrotal ultrasound, which reduces the number of stages in the diagnosis of TT.Objective. To evaluate the experience of using and diagnostic significance of the TWIST scale based on available data in scientific publications.Materials & methods. Review and analysis of literature data on the use of the TWIST scale.Results. We conducted an analysis of 13 publications, in which the results of using TWIST with statistical analysis were published. In all articles, the final diagnosis was established according to Doppler scrotal ultrasound or intraoperatively. Analysis of publications shows that even in large foreign medical centers there is a problem of emergency scrotal ultrasound, which increases the time of testicular ischemia with ТТ. To use the TWIST scale, only history and physical examination data are needed. Any specialist can use the scale in his practise. The low probability of TT in the low-risk group makes it possible not to perform routine scrotal revision, and, consequently, material and human resources are saved.Conclusion. Literature analysis has shown that the use of the original TWIST scale proposed by J.A. Barbosa, in case of suspected testicular torsion, has sufficient diagnostic accuracy, high sensitivity and specificity of TT detection, which significantly reduces the need for ultrasound, reduces the diagnostic time before surgery, that increases testicular survival.
Novel patented minimally invasive technique for surgical treatment of varicocele: technique overview
Authors: Kyzlasov P. S. , Abuev G. G. , Mustafaev A. T. , Bokov A. I. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Many methods have been proposed for the surgical treatment of varicocele, the most of which is of historical significance. At present, there is no consensus in favor of one or another method of surgical treatment of varicocele, which determines the relevance of further research.Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of a new minimally invasive method of surgical treatment of varicocele using the author's method.Materials & methods. The study enrolled 763 patients aged 18 – 46 years (mean age 26.3 years) with varicocele who underwent testicular vein subinguinal ligation according to the author's technique. Inclusion criteria: varicocele grades 1 – 3, aged ≥ 18 years, semen abnormalities according to semen analysis and dilated spermatic cord veins according to ultrasound, retrograde blood flow according to Doppler ultrasound. Exclusion criteria: previously operated patients with recurrent varicocele, patients with May-Thurner syndrome and bilateral varicocele. The examination included eight control points: before surgery and 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months after surgery. Physical scrotal examination with Valsalva test, semen analysis, and Dopper scrotal ultrasound were performed at the control dates.Results. The average surgery time was 15 min (10 – 30 min). All patients were discharged 1 to 2 days after surgery. At follow-up for 60 months, patients showed improvement in spermatogenesis / or no progression of semen abnormalities during follow-up after surgery based on clinical, laboratory and instrumental studies (semen analysis, ultrasound / Doppler ultrasound); no data on testicular hypotrophy, hydrocele were revealed. A scrotal haematoma was detected in one patient in the early postoperative period. Recurrent varicocele (1.4%) was detected in 11 patients during the follow-up period.Conclusion. The technique is effective, easily reproducible, characterised by a low rate of recurrence and postoperative complications.