bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A CommonC2‐Symmetric 2,2’‐Biphenol Building Block and its Application in the Synthesis of (+)‐di‐epi‐Gonytolide A
Authors: Greb Julian , Drennhaus Till , Klischan Moritz K. T. , Schroeder Zachary W. , Frey Wolfgang , Pietruszka Jörg 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA variety of biaryl polyketides exhibit remarkable bioactivities. However, their synthetic accessibility is often challenging. Herein, the enantioselective preparation and synthetic application of an axially chiral 2,2’‐biphenol building block is outlined that represents a common motif of these intriguing natural products. Based on the highly regioselective and scalable bromination of a phenol precursor, a coupling process by Lipshutz cuprate oxidation was developed. A copper‐mediated deracemization strategy proved to be superior to derivatization or kinetic resolution approaches. Key steps in the overall building block synthesis were rationalized through DFT studies. Utilizing the 2,2’‐biphenol, a highly diastereoselective five step synthesis of formerly unknown (+)‐di‐epi‐gonytolide A was developed, thus showcasing the building block's general potential for the synthesis of natural products and their derivatives. En route, the first enantioselective construction of a chromone dimer intermediate was established.
Contemporary insights into the epidemiology, impact and treatment of secondary tricuspid regurgitation across the heart failure spectrum
Authors: Heitzinger Gregor , Pavo Noemi , Koschatko Sophia , Jantsch Charlotte , Winter Max‐Paul , Spinka Georg , Dannenberg Varius , Kastl Stefan , Prausmüller Suriya , Arfsten Henrike , Dona Carolina , Nitsche Christian , Halavina Kseniya , Koschutnik Matthias , Mascherbauer Katharina , Gabler Cornelia , Strunk Guido , Hengstenberg Christian , Hülsmann Martin , Bartko Philipp E. , Goliasch Georg 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTricuspid regurgitation secondary to heart failure (HF) is common with considerable impact on survival and hospitalization rates. Currently, insights into epidemiology, impact, and treatment of secondary tricuspid regurgitation (sTR) across the entire HF spectrum are lacking, yet are necessary for healthcare decision‐making.Methods and resultsThis population‐based study included data from 13 469 patients with HF and sTR from the Viennese community over a 10‐year period. The primary outcome was long‐term mortality. Overall, HF with preserved ejection fraction was the most frequent (57%, n = 7733) HF subtype and the burden of comorbidities was high. Severe sTR was present in 1514 patients (11%), most common among patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (20%, n = 496). Mortality of patients with sTR was higher than expected survival of sex‐ and age‐matched community and independent of HF subtype (moderate sTR: hazard ratio [HR] 6.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.88–6.80, p < 0.001; severe sTR: HR 9.04; 95% CI 8.27–9.87, p < 0.001). In comparison to HF and no/mild sTR patients, mortality increased for moderate sTR (HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.48–1.69, p < 0.001) and for severe sTR (HR 2.19, 95% CI 2.01–2.38, p < 0.001). This effect prevailed after multivariate adjustment and was similar across all HF subtypes. In subgroup analysis, severe sTR mortality risk was more pronounced in younger patients (<70 years). Moderate and severe sTR were rarely treated (3%, n = 147), despite availability of state‐of‐the‐art facilities and universal health care.ConclusionSecondary tricuspid regurgitation is frequent, increasing with age and associated with excess mortality independent of HF subtype. Nevertheless, sTR is rarely treated surgically or percutaneously. With the projected increase in HF prevalence and population ageing, the data suggest a major burden for healthcare systems that needs to be adequately addressed. Low‐risk transcatheter treatment options may provide a suitable alternative.
Empagliflozin in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction with and without atrial fibrillation
Authors: Filippatos Gerasimos , Farmakis Dimitrios , Butler Javed , Zannad Faiez , Ferreira João Pedro , Ofstad Anne Pernille , Iwata Tomoko , Brueckmann Martina , Pocock Stuart J. , Packer Milton , Anker Stefan D. ,   on behalf of the EMPEROR‐Preserved Trial Committees and Investigators
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsAtrial fibrillation/flutter (AF) is common in heart failure (HF) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and associated with worse outcomes. Empagliflozin reduces cardiovascular death or HF hospitalizations and slows estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline in patients with HF and LVEF >40%. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in improving outcomes in patients with HF and LVEF >40% with and without AF.Methods and resultsIn this pre‐defined secondary analysis of EMPEROR‐Preserved, we compared the effects of empagliflozin versus placebo on the primary and secondary endpoints and safety outcomes, stratified by baseline AF, defined as AF reported in any electrocardiogram before empagliflozin initiation or in medical history. Among 5988 patients randomized, 3135 (52%) had baseline AF; these patients were older, with worse functional class, more previous HF hospitalizations and higher natriuretic peptides compared to those without AF (all p < 0.001). After a median of 26 months, empagliflozin reduced cardiovascular death or HF hospitalization compared to placebo to a similar extent in patients with and without AF (hazard ratio [HR] 0.78 [95% confidence interval 0.66–0.93] vs. 0.78 [0.64–0.95], interaction p = 0.96). Empagliflozin also reduced total HF hospitalizations (HR 0.73 [0.57–0.94] vs. 0.72 [0.54–0.95], interaction p = 0.94) and annual eGFR decline (difference = 1.368 vs. 1.372 ml/min/1.73 m2/year, interaction p = 0.99) consistently in patients with and without AF. There was no increase in serious adverse events with empagliflozin versus placebo in patients with and without AF.ConclusionsIn patients with HF and ejection fraction >40%, empagliflozin reduced the risk of serious HF events and slowed the eGFR decline regardless of baseline AF.
Thermolysis of Geminal Diazido Malonamides: Simple Access to Tetrazoles and Functionalization of In Situ Formed Isocyanates
Authors: Bensberg Kathrin , Kunz Kevin A. , Kirsch Stefan F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the development of synthetic methods to afford nitrogen‐containing heterocycles has become increasingly popular. Among these, tetrazoles – an important class of aromatic heterocycles – are of significant interest for example, in medicinal chemistry serving as important bioisosteres. Herein, we present a method to easily access C‐substituted tetrazoles via thermolysis of geminal diazido malonamides. Formation and functionalization of in situ formed isocyanates and corresponding reactions were also studied.
Sydnone Methides: Intermediates between Mesoionic Compounds and Mesoionic N‐Heterocyclic Olefins
Authors: Mummel Sebastian , Lederle Felix , Hübner Eike G. , Namyslo Jan C. , Nieger Martin , Schmidt Andreas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSydnone methides represent an almost unknown class of mesoionic compounds which possess exocyclic carbon substituents instead of oxygen (sydnones) or nitrogen (sydnone imines) in the 5‐position of a 1,2,3‐oxadiazolium ring. Unsubstituted 4‐positions give rise to the generation of anionic N‐heterocyclic carbenes by deprotonation. Preparations of new sydnone methides are described here. They can be represented by mesomeric structures with either exocyclic carbanionic groups like −C(CN)2−, −C(CN)(COOMe)−, −C(CN)(CONH2)−, and −C(CN)(SO2Me)−, or with the corresponding exocyclic C=C double bonds as a common feature with mesoionic N‐heterocyclic olefins. An X‐ray single structure analysis revealed a length of 140.7(3) pm of the exocyclic bond in the solid state. From the coalescence temperature (55 °C) determined by a series of 13C NMR experiments (150 MHz) at various temperatures, an energy of rotation of 18.5 Kcal/mol was calculated for this bond. The 13C NMR signals of the anionic N‐heterocyclic carbenes, from which the 2‐mesityl‐substituted anionic NHC proved to be stable up to 10 °C, are highly shifted upfield (δcarbene=157.9 ppm−160.5 ppm). The carbenes can be reacted in situ with elemental selenium and chlorophosphanes to yield sydnone methide selenoethers after methylation and 4‐phosphanylsydnone methides in good to excellent yields, respectively.
Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling of N‐Phenyl Substituent with Thiophenes
Authors: Wei Wen‐Yi , Gong Zi‐Rong , Chai Xin‐Yue , Xu Yan‐Jun , Dong Lin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRhodium(III)‐catalyzed cross‐dehydrogenative coupling involves a highly efficient C−C bond formation from N‐phenyl‐7‐azaindole frameworks, thiophenes. Various novel 7‐azaindole derivatives have been successfully developed with good substrate applicability.
A team science approach for the preclinical and clinical characterization and biomarker development for post‐traumatic epilepsy
Authors: Iyengar Sloka S. , Lubbers Laura S. , Harte‐Hargrove Lauren ,   CURE Epilepsy Post‐Traumatic Initiative Advisors, and Investigators
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivePost‐traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is an acquired epilepsy that develops in the months or years following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and can lead to substantial personal, financial, and societal burden. To date, PTE is rarely curable; current treatments are partially effective and often accompanied by adverse side effects. While research on PTE has expanded significantly in the last several years, there remain numerous challenges to identifying effective prevention and treatment strategies. In this paper, we describe advances from the CURE Epilepsy PTE Initiative, including its implementation and the emphasis on team science.MethodsThe CURE Epilepsy PTE Initiative funded six research teams to link preclinical and clinical studies to engage in the validation of experimental models, characterization of pathophysiology and biological pathways, and identification of risk factors associated with PTE. Three teams had projects with both a preclinical and a clinical component; these teams focused on: targeting the epileptogenic effects of subarachnoid blood, exploring the neuropathological mechanisms of epileptogenesis, and defining the role of extracellular matrix injury. Two teams undertook entirely preclinical projects: exploring the role of vascular injury, gliosis, and neurogenesis as drivers for PTE, and identifying genetic, proteomic, metabolomic, and microRNA biosignatures to improve the prediction of PTE. One team's project was entirely clinical and investigated genetic and protein biomarkers to improve the prediction of PTE.ResultsIn addition to scientific discoveries including characterization of a variety of animal models and progress towards the understanding of biological underpinnings and biomarkers for PTE, significant programmatic and personnel‐related processes were incorporated, including standardized, rigorous policies and procedures to ensure quality and accountability between and within groups.SignificanceWe propose CURE Epilepsy's team science approach as an effective way to bring together a diverse set of investigators to explore biological mechanisms that may lead to cures for the epilepsies.
Analysis of the microbial community structure and flavor components succession during salt‐reducing pickling process of zhacai (preserved mustard tuber)
Authors: Li Jing , He Zhifei , Yan Lixiu , He Yunchuan , Yang Jixia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe salt‐reducing pickling method has been applied to the industrial production of zhacai. In order to reveal the succession of the microbial community structure and flavor components during the pickling process, this study used PacBio Sequel to sequence the full length of 16S rRNA (bacteria, 1400 bp) and ITS (fungi, 1200 bp) genes, and detected flavor components simultaneously, including organic acids, volatile flavor components (VFC), monosaccharides, and amino acids. Eleven phyla and 148 genera were identified in the bacterial community, and 2 phyla and 60 genera in the fungal community. During the four stages of pickling, the dominant bacterial genera were Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, and Lactobacillus, while the dominant fungal genera were Aspergillus, Kazachstania, Debaryomyces, and Debaryomyces, respectively. There were 32 main flavor components (5 organic acids, 19 VFCs, 3 monosaccharides, and 5 amino acids). Correlation heat mapping and bidirectional orthogonal partial least squares (O2PLS) analysis showed that the flora having close relation to flavor components included 14 genera of bacteria (Leuconostoc, Clostridium, Devosia, Lactococcus, Pectobacterium, Sphingobacterium, Serratia, Stenotrophomonas, Halanaerobium, Tetragenococcus, Chromohalobacter, Klebsiella, Acidovorax, and Acinetobacter) and 3 genera of fungi (Filobasidium, Malassezia, and Aspergillus). This study provides detailed data regarding the microbial community and flavor components during the salt‐reducing pickling process of zhacai, which can be used as a reference for the development and improvement of salt‐reducing pickling methods.
Effectiveness of nutrition education in enhancing knowledge and attitude of pupils on choice of school mid‐day meal in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Adeoya Akindele Abimibayo , Akinwusi Adetoun Tayewo , Nagatomi Ryoichi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChildren's food choices affect their nutritional health, development, and well‐being. In Nigeria, school lunch is generally unregulated; the food menu is usually at the discretion of individual vendors forcing pupils to make unsupervised food choices. This study examined the effectiveness of 6‐week nutrition education in enhancing pupils' knowledge and attitude on the school mid‐day meal choices in Ibadan, Nigeria. A pre‐test/post‐test, quasi‐experimental study was conducted with 100 pupils in 4th and 5th grades in public primary schools. Multistage sampling was used to select the participants. A nutrition education module and a questionnaire were used to collect the data. Frequency counts and t‐test were used for statistical analysis. Findings revealed the following dietary pattern: 44 of the pupils preferred junk food (mean 41.5, SD = 12.9), 37 were inclined toward protein‐rich food (mean 37.7, SD = 12.5), 32 favored food items dense in carbohydrates (mean 34.4, SD = 9.5), and 11 showed a preference toward food with high vitamins and minerals (mean 28.4, SD = 7.5). Nutrition knowledge (t = 6.4, df = 99, p < .05); (pre‐test:  = 20.9 and SD = 1.0; post‐test:  = 22.8, SD = 2.8) and attitude toward choice of meal showed statistically significant differences (t = 4.9, df = 99, p < .05; pre‐test:  = 13.5 and SD = 6.8; post‐test:  = 18.2, SD = 7.2). We recommend that the Ministry of Education should prepare a standard lunch menu for all schools and the school authorities should enforce it through the schools' food vendors.
Development and characterization of a novel biodegradable and antioxidant film based on marine seaweed sulfated polysaccharide
Authors: Samani Maedeh Asad , Babaei Sedigheh , Naseri Mahmood , Majdinasab Marjan , Nafchi Abdorreza Mohammadi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis research aims to produce an antioxidant and biodegradable polysaccharide film by using macroalgae agar and sulfated polysaccharide. Agar and sulfated polysaccharide (fucoidan) were extracted fromGracilaria corticataandSargassum angustifoliummacroalgae. Five treatments were conducted: (A) agar film (1%, W:V), (C) chitosan film (1%, W:V + 1% acetic acid), (AC) agar:chitosan composite (50:50, V:V), (ACF) AC film with fucoidan (0.5%, W:V), and (ACFA) ACF film with citric acid (30% of the dry weight of film) as a cross‐linking agent. Then, 0.75% (V:V) of glycerol was added to all films. The physical, mechanical, antioxidant, color variations, microstructure (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy were investigated. Based on the results, modifying the agar film with chitosan improved the mechanical strength, humidity, and solubility in the AC composite film (p < .05). Further, adding sulfated polysaccharide and citric acid cross‐linking agent to the agar–chitosan composite led to a significant decrease in solubility, humidity, and permeability to water vapor in ACFA films (p < .05), indicating strong cross‐linking and reduction in film pores based on the SEM pictures and FTIR results. However, the physical and mechanical properties of the agar‐based film obtained from Gracilaria algae can be improved by adding chitosan and citric acid cross‐linking agent, and the addition of fucoidan obtained from Sargassum algae has improved its antioxidant properties. This biodegradable film can be a good candidate for preserving perishable products.
EEG mismatch responses in a multimodal roving stimulus paradigm provide evidence for probabilistic inference across audition, somatosensation, and vision
Authors: Grundei Miro , Schröder Pia , Gijsen Sam , Blankenburg Felix 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe human brain is constantly subjected to a multimodal stream of probabilistic sensory inputs. Electroencephalography (EEG) signatures, such as the mismatch negativity (MMN) and the P3, can give valuable insight into neuronal probabilistic inference. Although reported for different modalities, mismatch responses have largely been studied in isolation, with a strong focus on the auditory MMN. To investigate the extent to which early and late mismatch responses across modalities represent comparable signatures of uni‐ and cross‐modal probabilistic inference in the hierarchically structured cortex, we recorded EEG from 32 participants undergoing a novel tri‐modal roving stimulus paradigm. The employed sequences consisted of high and low intensity stimuli in the auditory, somatosensory and visual modalities and were governed by unimodal transition probabilities and cross‐modal conditional dependencies. We found modality specific signatures of MMN (~100–200 ms) in all three modalities, which were source localized to the respective sensory cortices and shared right lateralized prefrontal sources. Additionally, we identified a cross‐modal signature of mismatch processing in the P3a time range (~300–350 ms), for which a common network with frontal dominance was found. Across modalities, the mismatch responses showed highly comparable parametric effects of stimulus train length, which were driven by standard and deviant response modulations in opposite directions. Strikingly, P3a responses across modalities were increased for mispredicted stimuli with low cross‐modal conditional probability, suggesting sensitivity to multimodal (global) predictive sequence properties. Finally, model comparisons indicated that the observed single trial dynamics were best captured by Bayesian learning models tracking unimodal stimulus transitions as well as cross‐modal conditional dependencies.
Representation of the inferred relationships in a map‐like space
Authors: Li Jinhui , Liang Qunjun , Liao Jiajun , Zheng Senning , Chen Kemeng , Huang Ruiwang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA cognitive map is an internal representation of the external world that guides flexible behavior in a complex environment. Cognitive map theory assumes that relationships between entities can be organized using Euclidean‐based coordinates. Previous studies revealed that cognitive map theory can also be generalized to inferences about abstract spaces, such as social spaces. However, it is still unclear whether humans can construct a cognitive map by combining relational knowledge between discrete entities with multiple abstract dimensions in nonsocial spaces. Here we asked subjects to learn to navigate a novel object space defined by two feature dimensions, price and abstraction. The subjects first learned the rank relationships between objects in each feature dimension and then completed a transitive inferences task. We recorded brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while they performed the transitive inference task. By analyzing the behavioral data, we found that the Euclidean distance between objects had a significant effect on response time (RT). The longer the one‐dimensional rank distance and two‐dimensional (2D) Euclidean distance between objects the shorter the RT. The task‐fMRI data were analyzed using both univariate analysis and representational similarity analysis. We found that the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and medial orbitofrontal cortex were able to represent the Euclidean distance between objects in 2D space. Our findings suggest that relationship inferences between discrete objects can be made in a 2D nonsocial space and that the neural basis of this inference is related to cognitive maps.
Migration inhibitory factor and cluster of differentiation 74‐mediated dendritic cell apoptosis exacerbates acute acetaminophen‐induced liver injury
Authors: Wu Zezhou , Luan He , Huang Jinghui , Liao Boming , Xiao Fang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe investigated the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) on dendritic cells (DC) during acetaminophen (APAP)‐induced acute liver injury (ALI) in mice.MethodsFirst, we randomly divided the mice into experimental (ALI model) and control groups, then intraperitoneally injected 600 mg/kg of APAP or phosphate‐buffered saline, respectively. Then, we collected liver tissue and serum samples to evaluate liver inflammation using serum alanine aminotransferase level and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of liver tissues. Flow cytometry was used to identify changes in the quantity and percentage of DCs, as well as the expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) 74 and other apoptosis‐related markers in the liver. Next, we randomly divided the mice into APAP‐vehicles, APAP‐bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), APAP‐MIF, APAP‐IgG (isotype immunoglobin G antibody) groups (four mice per group), after APAP injection, we injected control extracts, BMDCs, mouse recombinant MIF antibodies, or IgG antibodies into the tail vein. Lastly, the severity of the liver injury and the number of DCs were assessed.ResultsThe APAP‐induced ALI mice had increased hepatic MIF expression but significantly lower amounts of hepatic DCs and apoptotic DCs than healthy mice; CD74 expression on the HDCs also increased markedly. Supplementing APAP‐induced ALI mice with BMDCs or MIF antibodies significantly increased the number of hepatic DCs compared with the control mice, alleviating liver damage.ConclusionThe MIF/CD74 signaling pathway may mediate hepatic DC apoptosis and promote liver damage.
Do accountants' participation in accounting information systems design enhance perceived accounting information quality: Evidence from Ghana
Authors: Aboagye‐Otchere Francis , Nartey Edward , Enusah Abdulai , Aboagye Alice Anima 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study examines how accountants' participation in accounting information system (AIS) design can improve their perceptions of the quality of the information provided by the system. An empirical survey of 333 chartered accountants in Ghana was used and the research model was tested using covariance‐based structural equation modeling. The results indicate that accountants' participation in AIS design is positively associated with perceived accounting information quality. Additionally, autonomous motivation was found to mediate the relationship between accountants' participation and perceived information quality. In contrast, accountants' perceived usefulness of accounting information does not mediate the relationship between participation in AIS design and perceived accounting information quality. This suggests that accounting information quality is enhanced when accountants participate in AIS design hence play a critical role in information system design. However, accounting information quality is not enhanced through perceived usefulness of accounting information.