bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kwashiorkor skin lesions: case study on clinical presentation, management and patient caretaker perspectives in Maiduguri, north-eastern Nigeria
Authors: Bublitz Alexandre , Manirakiza Christian , Whitehouse Katherine , Chara Abdullahi , Musa Tumba , de Polnay Kirrily , Ali Engy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The management of kwashiorkor disease (KD) in children is challenging in resource-limited settings, especially for those cases with severe skin lesions and its complications. There are no evidenced-based management protocols specific to KD. This article describes the clinical presentation and case management of two children with different presentations of complicated kwashiorkor skin lesions and explores kwashiorkor from the perspective of the children’s caretakers in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Our experience shows that a well-structured approach and careful skin care are crucial. This includes simplified wound care guidance, training of medical staff, strict hygiene measures and the correct choice of antibiotics and antifungals, taking into the account low immunity and vulnerability to opportunistic infections amongst malnourished children. Limited knowledge of kwashiorkor amongst caretakers negatively impacts health-seeking behaviour, resulting in late presentation. Engaging caretakers in the process of care is essential to successful treatment.
A rare case of hemichorea in the setting of non-ketotic hyperglycaemia with subtle radiological changes: a case report
Authors: Clifford Liam Mahoney , Wakil Ammar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Movement disorders have been associated with hyperglycaemia including chorea, hemiballismus and choreoathetosis. In almost all documented cases, there is an association between clinical and radiological findings. We report a case of an 82-year-old man with hemichorea in the setting of hyperglycaemia and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. He had subtle striatal changes on his radiology, and with intravenous fluids and insulin, his involuntary movements resolved on day 4, which correlated with improvement in glycaemic control. He was followed up through our local insulin stabilization programme after discharge.
Retrospective analysis of fungemia among children in Anka General Hospital, Nigeria, from October 2018 to November 2021: a case series
Authors: Olubiyo Ruth , Chukwumeze Frederick , Lawal Abdulhakeem Mohammed , Oloruntuyi Gbemisola , Musoka Honore , Augustine Nwogu Ahamba , Abdullahi Ibrahim , Shehu Ismail , Egwuenu Abiodun , Clezy Kate , Oluyide Bukola , Gomez Diana , Sherlock Mark , Lenglet Annick , Repetto Ernestina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractYeast-related bloodstream infections (BSIs) in pediatric patients are associated with severe acute malnutrition (SAM), hematological/oncological malignancies and admission to an intensive care unit. These infections are rarely described from low- and middle-income countries. We describe a case series of pediatric patients diagnosed with severe sepsis and yeast isolated from their blood culture in a conflict-affected area of Nigeria from October 2018 to November 2021. We identified 20 patients with yeast BSIs, among whom 17 were also diagnosed with SAM. We recommend the inclusion of antifungal treatment for empiric treatment guidelines for children with SAM and severe sepsis in similar settings.
History and International Relations
Authors: Wight Martin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This book collects works by the late Professor Martin Wight (1913–1972), a historian and scholar of international relations. Wight conducted research on many topics, including British colonial history, European studies, international institutions, and the history of states-systems. He is nonetheless best known for his lectures about the political philosophy of international relations at the London School of Economics (1949–1961) and the University of Sussex (1961–1972). He is widely regarded as an intellectual ancestor and pathbreaker of the “English School” of international relations, although this term only gained currency nine years after his death. The “English School” is usually construed as signifying an approach to the study of international relations more rooted in historical and humanistic learning than in the social sciences. This volume encompasses works in four categories: (a) standards of excellence in scholarship about history and international relations; (b) European integration efforts since 1945; (c) British policy in the Middle East, notably in relation to the 1956 Suez crisis; and (d) European politics in the interwar period leading up to 1939. This last category features four chapters by Wight from the noteworthy Chatham House collection sponsored by the Royal Institute of International Affairs, The World in March 1939. The chapters on Germany and Eastern Europe stand out as exceptionally thorough and discerning, owing in part to their reliance on a wealth of primary and secondary sources. This collection includes reviews of works by specific historians and throws light on the value of historical studies for analyses of international relations.
Fictions of Finance at the End of an American Century
Authors: Godden Richard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Fictions of Finance at the End of an American Century explores how an economy determines the language of those who live among its imperatives—how it makes available to them the stories that they can and cannot tell, and the manner of their telling. Read closely, fictional narrative may expose the historical structures that determine literary language use, and that of language more generally. The study, the fourth in a quartet of studies addressing the emergence and decline of a Fordist regime of capitalist accumulation, offers an account of the “subsemantic whispering” that haunts the literature of the financial turn—which is to say, an account of how the complexities of words and their histories register an expanding industrial economy’s organizing contradictions and failures. Reading in the light of deindustrialization and the rise of U.S. finance capital after 1973, it deploys and elaborates on a materialist theory of language that explains how syntactic as well as semantic structures register a financializing economy’s core contradictions, those associated particularly with debt, risk, and volatility. To do as much, Fictions of Finance at the End of an American Century listens for the underheard syntactical breaks that punctuate language under the global hegemony of finance, breaks that express the unuttered in all utterance, taking as its exemplary texts primarily works by Bret Easton Ellis, Jayne Anne Phillips, and David Foster Wallace.
Cross-country Patterns in Structural Transformation and Inequality in Developing Countries
Authors: Gradín Carlos , Lewandowski Piotr , Schotte Simone , Sen Kunal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, we discuss the main patterns that can be identified in the trends in earnings inequality and its drivers in the country studies included in this book. We highlight that the large changes in the composition of workers by education and job routine-task intensity that developing countries exhibited in the 2000s and 2010s have, ceteris paribus, contributed to increasing inequality. Still, they do not seem to be the main driving force. These are related, to a large extent, to traditional factors explaining trends in earnings inequality, especially changes in the education premium. In some countries, we found evidence of job polarization or widening of earnings inequality driven by the evolution of the routine intensity of jobs. However, their role was smaller than that of the education premium. Also, we have highlighted the potential influence of other local factors such as labour institutions, for example the minimum wage.
South Africa
Authors: Bhorat Haroon , Lilenstein Kezia , Oosthuizen Morné , Thornton Amy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Whilst there is consensus that routine-biased technical change has contributed to patterns of job and wage polarization in industrialized economies, there is less evidence about whether the same conclusions can be drawn for developing labour markets. We employ two measures of routine cognitive work to investigate the association between occupational routine-task intensity and wage and employment changes in South Africa between 2000 and 2015. Although wage change is polarized between 2000 and 2015, it is unlikely that routine-biased technical change is a key factor here. Instead, growth at the bottom is likely related to minimum wage growth whilst growth at the top end is likely linked to increasing returns to skills and higher education. Results also differ by gender: with women clustered in care, cleaning, and clerk-based occupations, the routine-biased technical change hypothesis is more relevant for men who are more evenly distributed across occupations in the economy.
Tunisia
Authors: Marouani Mohamed Ali , Minh Phuong Le , Marshalian Michelle 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, we investigate the earnings inequality trends and their determinants in the decades before and after the Tunisian Revolution. A recentred influence function (RIF) decomposition is performed to decompose the change in earnings into wage structure and composition effects and to assess the contribution of various determinants of inequality change. We find that earnings inequality decreased significantly during the period of investigation in Tunisia. The occupational earnings followed an L-shaped evolution. The main contributors to the declining inequality are the decrease in the public–private wage gap and in sector wage gaps on the demand side, and the decreasing education premia on the supply side. There is little evidence of the impact of computerization on wage inequality in Tunisia’s labour market.
Overcentralization in Economic Administration
Authors: Kornai János , Knapp John 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Overcentralization in Economic Administration: A Critical Analysis Based on Experience in Hungarian Light Industry provides an overview of the criticisms of socialist central planning. It elaborates on the economic organization of centrally planned economies. The economic changes of 1968 had been primarily influenced by the Hungarian reform process. The book also identifies several systematic failures of the centrally planned economy, which resulted in weak economic performance and eventual disintegration of the economy. Due to the presented argument for radical changes, Overcentralization in Economic Administration became an essential reading material for people interested in the economics of transition in Eastern Europe.
Epilogue
Authors: Heaney Christopher 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This conclusion to Empires of the Dead explores the material, intellectual, and cultural legacy of five hundred years of Andean ancestors’ transformation into imperial subjects of scientific study and collection. Using the example of Juanita, a frozen capacocha, it shows how the circuits of claiming the Andean dead remain in place today, populating Peruvian and foreign museums with “Inca mummies” and “ancient Peruvian” skulls whose display is largely supported by the Peruvian state. Yet it also shows how people of Andean descent continue to use grave-opening, scholarship, and museums to argue for national Peruvian belonging in ways sometimes obverse to foreign museums’ understanding of Indigeneity and de-colonization. It concludes by showing how Andean ancestors continue to shape the affects, subjectivities, and knowledge of the living, and how contemplated repatriations of Andean human remains—from the United States to Peru, in particular—might reinforce the importance of Indigenous healing, Andean ancestors, and Peruvian museums as a whole.
Neoclassicism Meets 1940s Pan Americanism
Authors: Quevedo Marysol 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the activities of the Grupo de Renovación Musical (GRM) during the 1940s by laying out the political and economic contexts of 1940s Pan Americanism. It delves into the group’s aesthetic preoccupations and their efforts to reconcile neoclassical approaches with nationalist aesthetics, and their activities within the GRM as a process of maturation. A brief examination of La música en Cuba, the first book to present a chronological history of Cuban music written in 1946 by Alejo Carpentier, follows. This chapter includes musical analysis of two works, Argeliers León’s Sonatas a la Virgen del Cobre and Harold Gramatges’s Sernata, as prime examples of the group’s compositional output. During the 1940s group members shaped the Cuban classical music scene by cultivating a series of overlapping networks that allowed them to gain access to and control of resources through which they promoted their artistic agendas. Little by little they accrued the cultural capital that would make them the leaders of the Cuban music scene through the 1950s and into the first decades after the 1959 Revolution. This network consisted of local musicians; international composers and performers; other local artists that included painters, sculptors, dancers, poets, novelists, and film makers; and government institutions and the individuals who led them. It was in this decade, the 1940s, that the paths chosen, alliances forged, and aesthetic preferences explored and cemented would determine the future of the Cuban classical music composition tradition, a tradition that bears their legacy to this day.
Institutionalization and Fissures in the Cuban Classical Music Landscape
Authors: Quevedo Marysol 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter focuses on several musical events in the 1970s that reflects artists’ struggles to adapt to the shifting political and cultural landscape in Cuba. It opens with a discussion of Roberto Valera’s Devenir and Harold Gramatges’s La muerte del guerrillero, both premiered by the Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional de Cuba in 1970. Increasing political and economic pressures—on Havana from Moscow and, consequently, from Havana to all intranational cultural institutions—placed multiple and sometimes competing demands on artists. There was also a proliferation of festivals, encuentros, and jornadas intended to celebrate regional and international musical cooperation, much like the political and economic agreements forged by the Cuban state with other socialist nations. Some institutions jumped on the opportunity to cultivate foreign ties, as demonstrated in 1972 at the Casa de las Américas’s Encuentro de Música Latinoamericana, while some individuals continued to experiment through works for piano, exemplified in this chapter through analyses of Leo Brouwer’s Sonata pian e forte and Harold Gramatges’s Móvil I. Most notably, the decade began with a five-year period of artistic censorship and persecution known as the quinquenio gris (the five-year grey period), which affected all areas of cultural production in Cuba through increased centralization, institutionalization, and, according to some critics, even sovietization. However, in the second half of the decade a process of rectification on the part of a new Ministry of Culture and increased dissemination of new music by Cuban composers through an LP series by the EGREM titled Contemporáneos.
Methodological Updates in Personality Assessment for High-Stakes Use
Authors: Meade Adam W. , Priest Luke I. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Personality assessments are commonly used in high-stakes settings such as job applicant screening. This is largely because personality has been shown to predict individual and organizational outcomes such as job performance, job satisfaction, and turnover. Additionally, personality assessments rarely show adverse impact across racial groups and demonstrate incremental validity over and above predictors such as cognitive ability tests. Recently, research and practice surrounding personality assessment has accelerated with respect to both information technology and psychometric theory. This chapter reviews several advancements associated with forced-choice measures as well as rapid response measurement (RRM). With RRM, personality adjectives are presented one at a time and a dichotomous response is given. Response time is recorded and faster responses are given more weight than slower responses. Reliable and valid RRM requires only 10 to 20 seconds per trait and has been empirically shown to be more faking resistant than some alternative methods.
Advances in Cognitive Ability Assessment in the Mitigation of Group Differences
Authors: Scherbaum Charles A. , Goldstein Harold W. , Yusko Kenneth P. , Larson Elliott , Kato Annie , Patel Kajal , Cheban Yuliya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cognitive abilities are critical individual differences that have only grown in importance in the modern workplace. Despite changes in the modern workplace and societal dissatisfaction with cognitive ability assessment, very little has changed over the past century in how industrial-organizational (IO) psychology conceptualizes and measures cognitive abilities. Other fields (e.g., clinical and cognitive psychology, developmental and educational research, neurosciences) have made considerable progress in understanding cognitive ability constructs, their role in the modern world, and how they can be measured. The goal of this chapter is to highlight modern and innovative theorizing about and measurement of cognitive abilities from other fields that have the potential to help move the IO field forward. Furthermore, the chapter showcases the emerging work in IO that is demonstrating the value of adopting modern thinking and approaches for tackling the so-called validity/diversity dilemma, including a case example of the National Football League’s predraft assessment.
Data Privacy Implications of Assessment Technology
Authors: Andresen Katheryn A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter provides a brief overview of the complexity of data types and the development of data regulations that govern both data privacy and data security. In particular, the obligations for such data regulations are discussed, as well as how such obligations are implicated or complicated by the type of assessment technology used. Various risk mitigation steps to avoid liability under such regulations are also noted and include, for example, security measures, encryption, backup and disaster recovery practices, contract terms, cyber liability insurance, and limitations on who has access to regulated data and how much data is shared. While this field is complex and continuously changing, the chapter identifies certain standards and best practices that should be considered to mitigate risks and assist in compliance with the data regulations.
Maximizing the Effectiveness of Assessment-Rich Leadership Development Programs
Authors: Stawiski Sarah , McCauley Cynthia D. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Assessment-rich leadership development programs embed an in-depth assessment and feedback experience within traditional elements of leadership programs. This chapter describes assessment-rich development programs in practice by highlighting assessment methods used to increase awareness of inner self, visible self, and social self. It includes a case example of one of the Center for Creative Leadership’s long-standing development programs, the Leading for Organizational Impact (LOI) program. Further, it outlines the programmatic design elements, individual leader factors, and organizational factors that can improve the impact of an assessment-rich development experience. Finally, the chapter provides insights about future directions and emerging issues that will continue to shape research and innovation in these types of development interventions.
Connecting People and Opportunities With Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Gibby Robert E. , Ducey Adam J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Over the last decade, artificial intelligence (AI) has entered the world of work in many ways, including how we identify, engage, and connect people at key moments across their career. While much attention has focused on the development of solutions to help organizations source and recruit talent, AI has potential to be leveraged much more broadly as a talent management tool to provide decision support to candidates, recruiters, interviewers, managers, human resource business partners, and others. This chapter provides a brief overview of use cases across the career journey (e.g., hiring, onboarding, team assignment, mobility) where AI has the potential to add value to current practice. Several of these use cases will be further expanded in subsequent chapters.
Optimizing the Value of Assessments Through Myth Busting and Stakeholder Communications
Authors: Seaton Gina , Church Allan H. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Talent management practitioners must overcome a variety of challenges when communicating the value of assessments to organizations and the public. Many of these challenges stem from myths and misinformation around assessments and recent advancements in assessment, which for the average consumer or even practitioner, can be difficult to navigate. This chapter highlights some of the most common myths and misinformation propagated around the use of assessments in organizations, offering insight into what scientific research says (and doesn’t say). This chapter also examines key concerns of using assessments from the perspective of different stakeholder groups, offering strategies for navigating discussions and overcoming resistance to their use.
The Struggle Continues
Authors: Chafe William H. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter explains how the struggle continues, even if the legislative victories of 1964 and 1965 signified a positive end to the struggle for legal racial equality. It highlights the importance of reducing the economic inequality that sustains and reinforces racism. Most Black Americans understood that racism was fundamental to the country’s social and economic structure. Even though blatant physical examples of racial prejudice might be illegal, equality would need more than the enactment of new laws to eliminate a system of racial prejudice embedded in the economic structure and the soctal institutions of America. The chapter mentions how the murders of Trayvon Martin, Breonna Taylor, George Floyd, and countless others highlighted the systemic nature of America’s race problem.
Regular and Reinterpreted Meter
Authors: Murphy Nancy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this chapter I explore the expressive use of Regular and Reinterpreted Meter in singer-songwriter music. Joni Mitchell’s “Little Green” shows the possibilities for text expression in Regular Meter, with important words in the lyrics aligning with metric accents. After this one example of metric regularity, this chapter focuses on Reinterpreted Meter in which beats are added (offering time for reflection) or omitted (forcing the narrative forward) to an otherwise regular metric context. Throughout the chapter, examples from Mitchell, Simon, and Stevens demonstrate how Reinterpreted Meter can highlight important moments in a song’s narrative and signal a broadly flexible, self-expressive performance practice.
Self-Expressive Innovations: Lost Meter
Authors: Murphy Nancy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter investigates a more extreme scenario than metrical reinterpretation in which the loosening of metric cues results in Lost Meter. I explore three examples from the singer-songwriter repertoire—Bob Dylan’s “Only a Pawn in Their Game,” Cat Stevens’s “Time,” and Joni Mitchell’s “Blue”— to show how metric loss can occur after passages of Regular Meter. I examine technical timing details are examined through the lens of flexible meter, determining the metric cues in initial regularity, and exploring the processes by which meter becomes lost through a rhetorical loosening of those cues. I then illustrate how meter is regularized and restored when stresses and durations organize again into metric regularity. In these songs, Lost Meter occurs as seemingly improvised, rhapsodic, unpredictable, and intentionally disruptive self-expressive timings.