bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inclusion of guanidinoacetic acid in the diet of laying hens at late phase of feeding
Authors: Pimenta Jeniffer G. F. , Barbosa Hítalo J. S. , Fraga Matheus G. , Triginelli Marcela V. , Costa Bruno T. A. , Ferreira Matheus A. , Mendonça Michele O. , Cançado Silvana V. , Lara Leonardo J. C. 
Published: January 2023

Context There are few studies on the effects of guanidino acetic acid (GAA) on the performance, quality and fortification of eggs from commercial laying hens. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with GAA in the diet of laying hens on productive performance, economic viability and the quality and fortification of eggs. Methods In total, 720 semi-heavy 101-week-old Lohmann LB-Lite® laying hens were distributed in a completely randomised design consisting of five treatments defined by the dietary GAA concentration, with six replicates of 24 birds per experimental unit. Diets were formulated to contain 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 or 0.20% GAA. Productive performance and economic viability were evaluated for 12 weeks. Egg quality and fortification were evaluated at 4 and 12 weeks post-GAA inclusion. Key results A negative linear response was found for the bird final weight with an increasing GAA concentration and the optimal value for feed conversion per dozen eggs, as determined by quadratic regression model, was 0.12% GAA. After 4 weeks of GAA inclusion, egg-specific weight responded linearly and positively and yolk colour had a quadratic response, with an optimal concentration at 0.12% GAA. After 12 weeks of GAA inclusion, the optimum level for yolk colour was 0.14% GAA. The treatments did no affect creatine fortification of eggs. Economic analysis showed a linear increase in feed cost with an increasing dietary GAA level. The diet with the best feed cost per kilogram of dozen eggs produced was that with 0.12% GAA inclusion level. Conclusion The inclusion of 0.12% GAA in the diet of commercial laying hens influenced performance parameters and egg quality without fortifying egg creatine concentrations. Implications An egg is a very accessible food and enrichment is a good alternative, as it would help increase consumption of egg nutrients. New research with other products is fundamental for a greater diversification of enriched eggs and better service to consumers.
Bird community structure and habitat association in Owabi Wildlife Sanctuary, Ashanti Region (Ghana)
Authors: Nsor Collins Ayine , Dei Nana Afua Ankomah , Nkrumah John Mensah , Acolatse Rockson , Danquah Emmanuel 
Published: January 2023

Context Globally, an estimated 1.3% of the bird species have gone extinct over the past millennia, largely owing to habitat loss. Aims This study investigated bird–habitat associations and assemblages in the Owabi Ramsar wetland. Methods The study was conducted over 5 months (May–September 2019) in four habitat types (agricultural land, built-up, forest reserve, and open-water area). Data were collected in 84 plots across four habitats (i.e. built-up area = 25, forest reserve = 25, agricultural land = 25 and open-water area = 9 plots), using a point-count technique. The Gambin model, non-metric multidimensional scaling, Chao-1, and Hill numbers models were used to evaluate differences in bird diversity and composition among the habitat types. Key results In all, 1260 individual birds, belonging to 81 species, were encountered. Many of the species occurred in the forest habitat (n = 46, 56.8%. Species from the agricultural land (n = 37) and built-up (n = 30) were mainly habitat generalists that used these two habitats as their shared feeding station. Bird–habitat specialisation grouping equally showed the forest specialists to be the highest (n = 23, 38.4%), whereas the open water had the least number of habitat specialisation associations (e.g. white-faced whistling duck, n = 20, 24.7%). Five species were widely distributed in all four habitats (e.g. bronze-mannikins and white-throated bee-eaters), indicating their broad habitat preferences and ability to adapt to varied conditions. The forest reserve tended to be the most diverse, which was likely mediated by factors such as nesting microhabitats, varied food availability, and human-led activities. Conclusions This study highlighted bird dietary structure and associated habitat type and bird-habitat specialisation in four different land-use types at Owabi Ramsar wetland. Implications Given the increasing level of disturbance, there is the likelihood that the population of forest-dependent and open water-dependent birds will be lost or will have to change or modify their behaviour to be similar to that of open-tolerant or open-country birds if managers of the Owabi Wildlife Sanctuary fail to implement the recommended management interventions highlighted.
Burkitt lymphoma risk shows geographic and temporal associations with
Plasmodium falciparum
infections in Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya
Authors: Broen Kelly , Dickens Joey , Trangucci Rob , Ogwang Martin D. , Tenge Constance N. , Masalu Nestory , Reynolds Steven J. , Kawira Esther , Kerchan Patrick , Were Pamela A. , Kuremu Robert T. , Wekesa Walter N. , Kinyera Tobias , Otim Isaac , Legason Ismail D. , Nabalende Hadija , Buller Ian D. , Ayers Leona W. , Bhatia Kishor , Biggar Robert J. , Goedert James J. , Wilson Mark L. , Mbulaiteye Sam M. , Zelner Jon 
Published: January 2023

Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is a pediatric cancer coendemic with malaria in sub-Saharan Africa, suggesting an etiological link between them. However, previous cross-sectional studies of limited geographic areas have not found a convincing association. We used spatially detailed data from the Epidemiology of Burkitt Lymphoma in East African Children and Minors (EMBLEM) study to assess this relationship. EMBLEM is a case–control study of eBL from 2010 through 2016 in six regions of Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. To measure the intensity of exposure to the malaria parasite,
Plasmodium falciparum
, among children in these regions, we used high-resolution spatial data from the Malaria Atlas Project to estimate the annual number of
P. falciparum
infections from 2000 through 2016 for each of 49 districts within the study region. Cumulative
P. falciparum
exposure, calculated as the sum of annual infections by birth cohort, varied widely, with a median of 47 estimated infections per child by age 10, ranging from 4 to 315 infections. eBL incidence increased 39% for each 100 additional lifetime
P. falciparum
infections (95% CI: 6.10 to 81.04%) with the risk peaking among children aged 5 to 11 and declining thereafter. Alternative models using estimated annual
P. falciparum
infections 0 to 10 y before eBL onset were inconclusive, suggesting that eBL risk is a function of cumulative rather than recent cross-sectional exposure. Our findings provide population-level evidence that eBL is a phenotype related to heavy lifetime exposure to
P. falciparum
malaria and support emphasizing the link between malaria and eBL.
A bioengineered probiotic for the oral delivery of a peptide Kv1.3 channel blocker to treat rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wang Yuqing , Zhu Duolong , Ortiz-Velez Laura C. , Perry Jacob L. , Pennington Michael W. , Hyser Joseph M. , Britton Robert A. , Beeton Christine 
Published: January 2023

Engineered microbes for the delivery of biologics are a promising avenue for the treatment of various conditions such as chronic inflammatory disorders and metabolic disease. In this study, we developed a genetically engineered probiotic delivery system that delivers a peptide to the intestinal tract with high efficacy. We constructed an inducible system in the probiotic
Lactobacillus reuteri
to secrete the Kv1.3 potassium blocker ShK-235 (LrS235). We show that LrS235 culture supernatants block Kv1.3 currents and preferentially inhibit human T effector memory (T
EM
) lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. A single oral gavage of healthy rats with LrS235 resulted in sufficient functional ShK-235 in the circulation to reduce inflammation in a delayed-type hypersensitivity model of atopic dermatitis mediated by T
EM
cells. Furthermore, the daily oral gavage of LrS235 dramatically reduced clinical signs of disease and joint inflammation in rats with a model of rheumatoid arthritis without eliciting immunogenicity against ShK-235. This work demonstrates the efficacy of using the probiotic
L. reuteri
as a novel oral delivery platform for the peptide ShK-235 and provides an efficacious strategy to deliver other biologics with great translational potential.
Biocultural vulnerability exposes threats of culturally important species
Authors: Reyes-García Victoria , Cámara-Leret Rodrigo , Halpern Benjamin S. , O’Hara Casey , Renard Delphine , Zafra-Calvo Noelia , Díaz Sandra 
Published: January 2023

There are growing calls for conservation frameworks that, rather than breaking the relations between people and other parts of nature, capture place-based relationships that have supported social–ecological systems over the long term. Biocultural approaches propose actions based on biological conservation priorities and cultural values aligned with local priorities, but mechanisms that allow their global uptake are missing. We propose a framework to globally assess the biocultural status of specific components of nature that matter to people and apply it to culturally important species (CIS). Drawing on a literature review and a survey, we identified 385 wild species, mostly plants, which are culturally important. CIS predominate among Indigenous peoples (57%) and ethnic groups (21%). CIS have a larger proportion of Data-Deficient species (41%) than the full set of International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) species (12%), underscoring the disregard of cultural considerations in biological research. Combining information on CIS biological conservation status (IUCN threatened status) and cultural status (language vitality), we found that more CIS are culturally Vulnerable or Endangered than they are biologically and that there is a higher share of bioculturally Endangered or Vulnerable CIS than of either biologically or culturally Endangered CIS measured separately. Bioculturally Endangered or Vulnerable CIS are particularly predominant among Indigenous peoples, arguably because of the high levels of cultural loss among them. The deliberate connection between biological and cultural values, as developed in our “biocultural status” metric, provides an actionable way to guide decisions and operationalize global actions oriented to enhance place-based practices with demonstrated long-term sustainability.
Thioredoxin-interacting protein is essential for memory T cell formation via the regulation of the redox metabolism
Authors: Kokubo Kota , Hirahara Kiyoshi , Kiuchi Masahiro , Tsuji Kaori , Shimada Yuki , Sonobe Yuri , Shinmi Rie , Hishiya Takahisa , Iwamura Chiaki , Onodera Atsushi , Nakayama Toshinori 
Published: January 2023

CD4
+
memory T cells are central to long-lasting protective immunity and are involved in shaping the pathophysiology of chronic inflammation. While metabolic reprogramming is critical for the generation of memory T cells, the mechanisms controlling the redox metabolism in memory T cell formation remain unclear. We found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism changed dramatically in T helper-2 (Th2) cells during the contraction phase in the process of memory T cell formation. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip), a regulator of oxidoreductase, regulated apoptosis by scavenging ROS via the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)–biliverdin reductase B (Blvrb) pathway. Txnip regulated the pathology of chronic airway inflammation in the lung by controlling the generation of allergen-specific pathogenic memory Th2 cells in vivo. Thus, the Txnip–Nrf2–Blvrb axis directs ROS metabolic reprogramming in Th2 cells and is a potential therapeutic target for intractable chronic inflammatory diseases.
Phase-space distributions of Bose–Einstein condensates in an optical lattice: optimal shaping and reconstruction
Authors: Dupont N , Arrouas F , Gabardos L , Ombredane N , Billy J , Peaudecerf B , Sugny D , Guéry-Odelin D 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We apply quantum optimal control to shape the phase-space distribution of Bose–Einstein condensates in a one-dimensional optical lattice. By a time-dependent modulation of the lattice position, determined from optimal control theory, we prepare, in the phase space of each lattice site, translated and squeezed Gaussian states, and superpositions of Gaussian states. Complete reconstruction of these non-trivial states is performed through a maximum likelihood state tomography. As a practical application of our method to quantum simulations, we initialize the atomic wavefunction in an optimal Floquet-state superposition to enhance dynamical tunneling signals.
Numerical Studies of Magnetic Reconnection and Heating Mechanisms for the Ellerman Bomb
Authors: Liu Mingyu , Ni Lei , Cheng Guan-Chong , Ziegler Udo , Lin Jun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
An Ellerman Bomb (EB) is a kind of small scale reconnection event, which is ubiquitously formed in the upper photosphere or the lower chromosphere. The low temperature (<10,000 K) and high density (∼1019–1022) plasma there makes the magnetic reconnection process strongly influenced by partially ionized effects and radiative cooling. This work studies the high β magnetic reconnection near the solar temperature minimum region based on high-resolution 2.5D magnetohydrodynamics simulations. The time-dependent ionization degree of hydrogen and helium are included to realize more realistic diffusivities, viscosity and radiative cooling in simulations. Numerical results show that the reconnection rate is smaller than 0.01 and decreases with time during the early quasi-steady stage, then sharply increases to a value above 0.05 in the later stage as the plasmoid instability takes place. Both the large value of η
en (magnetic diffusion caused by the electron-neutral collision) and the plasmoid instability contribute to the fast magnetic reconnection in the EB-like event. The interactions and coalescence of plasmoids strongly enhance the local compression heating effect, which becomes the dominant mechanism for heating in EBs after plasmoid instability appears. However, the Joule heating contributed by η
en can play a major role to heat plasmas when the magnetic reconnection in EBs is during the quasi-steady stage with smaller temperature increases. The results also show that the radiative cooling effect suppresses the temperature increase to a reasonable range, and increases the reconnection rate and generation of thermal energy.
Optical Spectroscopy of Classical Be Stars in Old Open Clusters
Authors: Kashyap Jagadeesh Madhu , Mathew Blesson , Paul K. T. , Banerjee Gourav , Bhattacharyya Suman , Anusha R. , Kumar S. Pramod 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We performed the optical spectroscopy of 16 classical Be stars in 11 open clusters older than 100 Myr. Ours is the first spectroscopic study of classical Be stars in open clusters older than 100 Myr. We found that the Hα emission strength of most of the stars is less than 40 Å, in agreement with previous studies. Our analysis further suggests that one of the stars, [KW97] 35–12, might be a weak Hα emitter in nature, showing Hα equivalent width of −0.5 Å. Interestingly, we also found that the newly detected classical Be star LS III +47 37b might be a component of the possible visual binary system LS III +47 37, where the other companion is also a classical Be star. Hence, the present study indicates the possible detection of a binary Be system. Moreover, it is observed that all 16 stars exhibit a lesser number of emission lines compared to classical Be stars younger than 100 Myr. Furthermore, the spectral type distribution analysis of B-type and classical Be stars for the selected clusters points out that the existence of CBe stars can depend on the spectral type distribution of B-type stars present in these clusters.
Investigation of Traffic Classification Applied to an Astronomical Data Transmission Network of the XAO Using Deep Learning
Authors: Wang Jie , Zhang Hai-Long , Wang Na , Ye Xin-Chen , Wang Wan-Qiong , Li Jia , Zhang Meng , Zhang Ya-Zhou , Du Xu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A telecommunication network used for the transmission of astronomical observation data, telescope remote control and other astronomical research purposes is a critical infrastructure. The monitoring and analysis of network traffic, which help improve the network performance and the utilization of network resources, are a challenging task. The accurate identification of the astronomical data traffic will effectively improve transmission efficiency. In this paper, a classification method applied to types of traffic containing astronomical data using deep learning is proposed. The advantages of a convolutional neural network model in image classification are exploited to classify types of traffic containing astronomical data. The objective is to identify the mixed traffic in the network and accurately identify types of traffic containing astronomical data. The effectiveness of the model in improving classification accuracy is also discussed. Actual traffic data captured by Tcpdump and Wireshark are tested, and the experimental results indicate that the proposed method can accurately classify types of traffic containing astronomical data.
Formation and Destiny of White Dwarf and Be Star Binaries
Authors: Zhu Chun-Hua , Lü Guo-Liang , Lu Xi-Zhen , He Jie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The binary systems consisting of a Be star and a white dwarf (BeWDs) are very interesting. They can originate from the binaries composed of a Be star and a subdwarf O or B star (BesdOBs), and they can merge into red giants via luminous red nova or can evolve into double WD potentially detected by the LISA mission. Using the method of population synthesis, we investigate the formation and the destiny of BeWDs, and discuss the effects of the metallicity (Z) and the common envelope evolution parameters. We find that BesdOBs are significant progenitors of BeWDs. About 30% (Z = 0.0001)−50% (Z = 0.02) of BeWDs come from BesdOBs. About 60% (Z = 0.0001) −70% (Z = 0.02) of BeWDs turn into red giants via a merger between a WD and a non-degenerated star. About 30% (Z = 0.0001) −40% (Z = 0.02) of BeWDs evolve into double WDs which are potential gravitational waves of the LISA mission at a frequency band between about 3 × 10−3 and 3 × 10−2 Hz. The common envelope evolution parameter introduces an uncertainty with a factor of about 1.3 on BeWD populations in our simulations.
Canonical description of quantum dynamics*
Authors: Bojowald Martin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Some of the important non-classical aspects of quantum mechanics can be described in more intuitive terms if they are reformulated in a geometrical picture based on an extension of the classical phase space. This contribution presents various phase-space properties of moments describing a quantum state and its dynamics. An example of a geometrical reformulation of a non-classical quantum effect is given by an equivalence between conditions imposed by uncertainty relations and centrifugal barriers, respectively.
On locally conformally cosymplectic Hamiltonian dynamics and Hamilton–Jacobi theory
Authors: Ateşli Begüm , Esen Oğul , de León Manuel , Sardón Cristina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cosymplectic geometry has been proven to be a very useful geometric background to describe time-dependent Hamiltonian dynamics. In this work, we address the globalization problem of locally cosymplectic Hamiltonian dynamics that failed to be globally defined. We investigate both the geometry of locally conformally cosymplectic (LCC) manifolds and the Hamiltonian dynamics constructed on such LCC manifolds. Further, we provide a geometric Hamilton–Jacobi theory on this geometric framework.
Effect of different surface irrigation systems and organic fertilization on water productivity of maize yield.
Authors: Alkarawi Hassan H , Obaid Ghassan J , Ghani Abdulsattar H A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to assess the performance and the effects of different surface irrigation systems, growth, and yield of maize crops in the irrigation district of Babil Iraq. Field experiments were conducted in the autumn of 2020 to manage five surfaces irrigation systems Besides, two irrigation intervals (5 and 8 days) and two levels of organic fertilizers (humic acid) (0 OM0 and 20 OM1 kg ha-1). The experiment was a Split Split Block Design with three replications. The results indicated that the actual water consumption use (ETa) varied with irrigation systems. ETa reached 688, 673 mm season-1 for BSI treatment and decreased to 293, 275 mm season-1 for APFIRB under irrigation intervals 5 days and OM0, OM1 treatments respectively. Organic fertilizer reduced the amount of ETa by 4 and 2.5% compared to control in 5 and 8 days irrigation intervals, respectively. The mean grain yield reached 7149.9 kg ha-1 for OM1, while organic humic acid application improved the grain yield by 7.95% compared to OM0. Meanwhile that the no significant differences in corn grain yield with irrigation systems.
Simulation of Rainfall-Runoff in the Diyala River Basin in Iraq using Hydrological Model by HMS with remote sensing, Geo-HMS and ArcGIS
Authors: Alrammahi Faris Sahib , Ahmed Hamdan Ahmed Naseh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In Iraq, the Diyala River (DR) occasionally experiences both droughts and floods. The DR is supplying the amount of water to Tigris River at the south of Baghdad. Estimation of runoff from precipitation is very important because of its impact on decision-making in water resources management. The conceptual and distributed hydrological model was adopted and by HEC-HMS, Geo-HMS, and GIS software, remote digital elevation models were processed. The sensitivity, calibration, and validation were made through the period 2017-2021. The estimated CN values were from 60 to 100 with distributed related ratios between 0.6% to 52.8%. The differences between the observed and estimated inlet discharge of Hemrin Dam were for (+0.1 to -0.2) % with some more at peak discharge point. The HEC-HMS, using data from NASA and FAO, was acceptable model. The results with an accuracy of 95%, which is indicated by the value of R2 and PBIAS indicators.
Binary exchange of calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium in calcareous soils in Kurdistan region of Iraq
Authors: Al–Obaidi M A J , Syan C M H 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The objective of this research was to look into the binary exchange in four calcareous soils. The ion adsorption was carried by Batch equilibrium method used to saturate the soil samples with sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium ions, separately, to get Sodium–Soil, Potassium–Soil, Calcium–Soil and Magnesium–Soil. The mean Kd (L kg–1) scores in various binary systems were arranged as follows: Calcium – Magnesium (18. 7) > Magnesium– Sodium(18.66) >Magnesium – Calcium (17.69) > Calcium – Sodium (15.59) > Magnesium – Potassium (14.31) > Calcium – Potassium (14.26) > Potassium – Sodium (6.5) >Potassium – Magnesium (6.32) > Potassium – Calcium (5.83) > Sodium – Magnesium (4.09) > Sodium – Calcium (4.01) > Sodium – Potassium (3.38).The average values of vanselow selectivity coefficients in different binary exchange systems of cation followed this order: Sodium – Potassium (9.88) > Sodium – Calcium (8.42) > Sodium – Magnesium (8.31) > Potassium – Sodium (5.92) > Potassium – Calcium (5.55) > Potassium – Magnesium (5.34) > Calcium – Potassium (3.17) > Magnesium – Potassium (3.07) > Calcium – Sodium (2.93) > Magnesium – Calcium (2.39) > Calcium – Magnesium (2.17)> Magnesium – Sodium (1.99).