bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting the generic conspiracist beliefs scale into Turkish and its relationship between critical thinking, information literacy, and media literacy in prospective teachers: a mixed study
Authors: Uygur Muhammed Eren , Çinpolat Enes 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Conspiracy theories have gained increasing attention in recent years, particularly in education, as they influence individuals’ decision-making and attitudes. To address this issue, we aim to adapt the Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale (GCBS) into Turkish and explore its relationship with critical thinking, information literacy, and media literacy among prospective teachers in Türkiye. In the first phase, we validated the Turkish version of the GCBS by administering it to a sample of 637 adults. After the validation, we employed a mixed-methods explanatory sequential design to gain a deeper understanding of the relationships between these constructs. In the quantitative phase, we administered the GCBS, along with scales measuring critical thinking, information literacy, and media literacy, to 406 prospective teachers. The findings revealed a low-level positive but significant relationship between conspiracy beliefs and self-reported critical thinking scores. However, we found no significant relationship between conspiracy beliefs and the objective critical thinking test. Additionally, we identified a low-level positive correlation between conspiracy beliefs and literacy skills (both information and media literacy), suggesting that individuals with stronger conspiracy beliefs may also have slightly higher literacy skills, though the relationship remains weak. In the qualitative phase, we conducted focus group discussions with 12 volunteer participants selected from the top 25% of the sample based on their critical thinking and conspiracy belief scores. Focus group discussions revealed that prospective teachers with tendencies toward believing conspiracy theories had distorted perceptions of critical thinking and literacy skills, despite identifying as critical thinkers. Their interest in conspiracy theories generally stemmed from epistemic curiosity. Also, they indicated that they may struggle to maintain neutrality in educational settings, often reinforcing conspiratorial thinking outside class. This mindset may blur the line between fact and belief, undermining the credibility of the educational environment.
The role of self-compassion in the relationship of posttraumatic stress disorder with posttraumatic growth in Kahramanmaraş earthquakes survivors: a year on
Authors: Çağış Zafer Güney , Akçe İslam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and posttraumatic growth (PTG) are two common posttraumatic reactions that may co-exist in individuals exposed to or witnessing an earthquake. There are a limited number of studies examining some mediating variables, such as self-efficacy and resilience in the relationship between PTSD and PTG in individuals exposed to traumatic experiences. However, these studies were not carried out with earthquake survivors, and self-compassion was not considered as a mediating variable. Therefore, in order to close this gap in the literature, the current study aims to reveal the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between PTSD and PTG in Kahramanmaraş earthquakes survivors. The data of the study were collected from 317 survivors of the February 6 earthquakes in Turkey (78.2% females), aged 18 and 52 (Mean = 24.12 ± 6.28). The results have indicated that PTSD was negatively correlated with self-compassion, whereas positively correlated with PTG. Self-compassion was found to be positively associated with PTG. More importantly, the findings have also revealed the mediating effect of self-compassion in the relationship between PTSD and PTG after controlling for gender, age, educational level, and marital status. The findings shed light on our understanding that self-compassion may not only play a protective role against the negative consequences of traumatic events, but also may be an effective mechanism in the transformation of PTSD into PTG. Moreover, the findings of the study have suggested that focusing on self-compassion may be functional for intervention programs aiming to prevent PTSD symptoms and increase PTG in earthquake victims.
The Role of Neuroinflammation and Network Anomalies in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
Authors: Shi Jianwei , Xie Jing , Li Zesheng , He Xiaosong , Wei Penghu , Sander Josemir W , Zhao Guoguang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Epilepsy affects over 50 million people worldwide. Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) accounts for up to a third of these cases, and neuro-inflammation is thought to play a role in such cases. Despite being a long-debated issue in the field of DRE, the mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation have yet to be fully elucidated. The pro-inflammatory microenvironment within the brain tissue of people with DRE has been probed using single-cell multimodal transcriptomics. Evidence suggests that inflammatory cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the nervous system can lead to extensive biochemical changes, such as connexin hemichannel excitability and disruption of neurotransmitter homeostasis. The presence of inflammation may give rise to neuronal network abnormalities that suppress endogenous antiepileptic systems. We focus on the role of neuroinflammation and brain network anomalies in DRE from multiple perspectives to identify critical points for clinical application. We hope to provide an insightful overview to advance the quest for better DRE treatments.
Public education data at the crossroads of public and private value creation: Orchestration tensions and stakeholder visions in Germany’s emerging national digital education ecosystem
Authors: Degen Konrad , Lutzens Rick , Beschorner Paul , Lucke Ulrike 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, private EdTech companies and emerging digital education ecosystems have significantly reshaped digital governance in education. This shift has pressured governments into rapid digital transformation while also raising concerns about increasing inequalities, fueled by a data-driven approach to teaching and learning. The public education debate increasingly calls for tighter data regulations, alternatives to private sector dominance, and digital education offerings by traditional education actors that create value in the digital realm. Responding to these pressures, the German government develops a national digital education ecosystem (NDEE) to guide this transformation. Using data from 10 semi-structured interviews, a stakeholder survey (n = 121), and three stakeholder workshops with in total of 80 participants, our mixed-method research contributes to the discourse on digital education governance and the creation of public data ecosystems. We identify 19 orchestration tensions, aggregated into four tension groups, shed light on education stakeholders’ preferences, and identify with the three ecosystem vision models: “Education Interconnectivity Infrastructure,” “Public Education Space,” and the “Public–Private Education Marketplace.” These findings underscore the importance of a coherent ecosystem vision that balances public and private interests, leads the foundation for ecosystem governance, and aligns the ecosystem’s scope with government orchestration capabilities. We offer valuable insights for researchers and policymakers working toward a government-orchestrated national digital education ecosystem.
Effects on structural properties of doping zinc into Sn2Ba(Cu2−xZnx)2Oy ceramics
Authors: Büyükakkaş S. , Ünlüer Ş. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The study manifests the effects of different amounts of Zn doping on the structure of the nano ZnO-doped Sn2Ba(Cu2−xZnx)2Oy [x = 0.0,0.4,0.8,1.0] compounds synthesized by the solid state-reaction method. The structural changes in the produced materials have been characterized by differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. In the DTA analysis, while the endotherm was observed at 860 C in the pure material, the endotherms were at 810 and 880 C in the doped S10 material. The microstructure and surface morphology of pure and doped samples were analyzed using the SEM imaging method. SEM images show that the porous structure expected in Sn-based ceramics decreases and the grain size increases with the amount of Zn doping. XRD data were used to examine the crystal structures and determine the crystal phases. The effect of the ZnO dopant amount on phase transition was revealed. When the XRD peaks of the pure and doped samples are examined, it is seen that the lattice structures of both contain orthorhombic and tetragonal unit cells. It is determined Zn doping disrupts the structure of the orthorhombic 212 phase and has a positive effect on the development of the tetragonal 211 phase. It is determined that variation in the a, b, and c lattice parameters calculated using XRD data of Zn-doped materials is not monotonous. XRD analysis showed that the samples have Pmmm for the orthorhombic crystal structure and P4/mmm symmetry for the tetragonal crystal structure.
The Use of Advanced Technologies and Novel Processes for Metallurgical Study of Metal Objects Retrieved from Shipwrecks
Authors: Ashkenazi D. , Cvikel D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The metallurgical characterization of artefacts from shipwrecks requires a multidisciplinary approach. To preserve them, advanced non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques are preferred to destructive techniques to minimize any potential damage. Characterizing ancient objects provides valuable insights into past life and technology, offering crucial information about the ship itself. Here, we describe innovative techniques developed for NDT of copper-alloy and ferrous artefacts retrieved from shipwrecks. Several case studies illustrate the advantages of employing advanced methods of multifocal light microscopy, field multifocal metallography, and chemical cleaning and conservation techniques. The analyses revealed details about the composition, microstructure, and manufacturing processes of the items, while also contributing to their dating. The results from NDT methods were consistent with those obtained from destructive methods. These approaches can enhance our understanding of metal artefacts recovered from both marine and terrestrial environments.
Block structures, g.a.c.s. approximation, and distributions
Authors: Adriani Andrea , Schiavoni-Piazza Alec Jacopo Almo , Serra-Capizzano Stefano 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the present note, we consider the problem of identifying the singular value and eigenvalue distribution in the Weyl sense of block matrix-sequences with rectangular Toeplitz blocks. Using recent results regarding the notion of generalized approximating class of sequences, we arrive to prove general results, which suggest practical preconditioning strategies for dealing with the fast solution of related large linear systems.
2D Undulated Metal Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks with Self-Adaption Interlayered Sites for Highly Efficient C–C Coupling in the Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Lv Jianning , Li Wenrui , Li Shuai , Xu Shuo , Lv Zunhang , Zhu Zhejiaji , Dai Lu , Wang Bo , Li Pengfei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) as a new type of porous framework materials have been widely studied in various areas. However, the lack of appropriate active sites, low intrinsic conductivity, and poor stability limited their performance in the field of electrocatalysis. Herein, we designed two 2D metal hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (2D–M–HOF, M = Cu2+ or Ni2+) with coordination compounds based on 2,3,6,7,14,15-hexahydroxyl cyclotricatechylene and transition metal ions (Cu2+ and Ni2+), respectively. The crystal structure of 2D–Cu–HOF is determined by continuous rotation electron diffraction, indicating an undulated 2D hydrogen-bond network with interlayered π-π stacking. The flexible structure of 2D–M–HOF leads to the formation of self-adaption interlayered sites, resulting in superior activity and selectivity in the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 to C2 products, achieving a total Faradaic efficiency exceeding 80% due to the high-efficiency C–C coupling. The experimental results and density functional calculations verify that the undulated 2D–M–HOF enables the energetically favorable formation of *OCCHO intermediate. This work provides a promising strategy for designing HOF catalysts in electrocatalysis and related processes.
Overcoming Barriers to Digital Pain Assessment by Family Carers of People Living with Dementia: An Application of the Behaviour Change Wheel
Authors: Hussein Areej , Stafford Andrew , Hughes Jeffery , Moullin Joanna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
PainChek® is a validated medical device, currently approved for clinical use by healthcare professionals to assess and monitor pain in people with moderate to severe dementia living in residential aged care facilities. The implementation of PainChek® by family carers of people with dementia living in the community has not yet been researched. To identify implementation strategies for PainChek® in community settings, specifically to assist family carers in assessing and monitoring the pain of people with dementia. The first seven steps of the Behaviour Change Wheel were applied. Identification of the problem in behavioural terms and behavioural analysis was enabled by referring to the results of a previous qualitative study. Barriers to implementation were mapped to the core model of the Behaviour Change Wheel: capability, opportunity, and motivation. Intervention functions and Behaviour Change Techniques were selected during two consensus meetings, based on discussion and ratings on their Affordability, Practicability, Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, Acceptability, Side-effects or safety and Equity. Family carers use PainChek® to assess and document pain levels for people with dementia during caregiving routines, and family carers communicate PainChek® results with healthcare professionals to guide pain management for people with dementia were determined as the target behaviours. Five intervention functions (education, training, persuasion, enablement, and modelling) and 18 Behaviour Change Techniques met the criteria. Applying the Behaviour Change Wheel resulted in the selection of a range of intervention functions and Behaviour Change Techniques to overcome multifaceted implementation barriers to PainChek® as a pain assessment tool for use by family carers of people with dementia in community settings. Future research is needed to evaluate the practical application of the implementation strategies developed and the impact of this evaluation on pain management in people with dementia in real-world settings.
A comprehensive strategy for identifying plagiarism in academic submissions
Authors: Setu Deblina Mazumder , Islam Tania , Erfan Md. , Dey Samrat Kumar , Asif Md. Rashid Al , Samsuddoha Md. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Plagiarism is a major problem in education, especially in higher education environments. To address this problem, a comprehensive detection method is proposed, utilizing cutting-edge models like Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and cosine similarity for detecting direct copy and semantic changes. The methodology involves evaluating the BERT model and cosine similarity first, then performing pairwise comparisons to determine how similar a student’s work is to a reference text. If the semantic changes are higher, the content is classified as paraphrased; otherwise, it is considered direct copy in cases where the similarity threshold is greater than 30%. When the similarity threshold is less than or equal to 30%, the method moves to online plagiarism detection. This includes web scraping, generating search queries, and employing Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) vectorization with cosine similarity to assess the similarities between students’ content and online content. As a result, the study detects online plagiarism and distinguishes between plagiarizing and authentic content. The purpose is to provide an effective method to maintain academic integrity and enhance originality in student work. In similarity testing on MIT plagiarism detection datasets, this study demonstrated an average recall of 80%, precision of 68%, accuracy of 71%, and f1-score of 74%. With a threshold of 0.2, the average precision for online plagiarism detection reached 65%, accompanied by a 56% recall, an accuracy of 60%, and an f1-score of 60%. The results of the study demonstrate the efficiency of the strategy in enhancing plagiarism detection accuracy while reducing false positives.
An overview of the development of perinatal stress-induced fatty liver and therapeutic options in dairy cows
Authors: Hu Haitao , Wang Lamei , Zhang Rui , Tian Mei , Zhang Shuo , Li Hongrui , Cai Chuanjiang , Yao Junhu , Wang Jianguo , Cao Yangchun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This review summarizes the mechanisms of hepatic glycolipid metabolism disorders caused by the negative energy balance encountered in periparturient dairy cows and the relevant research on nutritional additives as a therapeutic option. Factors such as dietary management, hormonal regulation, and overall metabolic stress in the body of the transition cow all contribute greatly to fatty liver formation. Nutritional strategies, such as using gluconeogenic precursors, growth factor, natural plant extracts, and methyl donors can positively modulate the negative effects of fatty liver in periparturient dairy cows. Choline, a methyl donor as a feed additive in transition cows minimizes lipid accumulation in the liver by increasing the efficiency of lipoprotein transport. In conclusion, the disruption of hepatic gluconeogenesis, changes in hormone levels, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress during the transition period in dairy cows collectively disturb hepatic anabolic homeostasis. This disruption promotes the formation of fatty liver and reduces lactation performance in dairy cows. Understanding the specific physiological phenomena of hepatic lipid metabolism disorders in transition cows and intervening with nutritional additives will reduce the negative effects of transition stress and improve animal health.
Measuring and understanding changes in the physical built environment of cities with street view images
Authors: Zhou Yang , Thill Jean-Claude , Liu Xingjian , Zhong Chen , Tu Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Street view images (SVIs) may provide information on near-surface urban changes which are not necessarily captured by spaceborne remote sensing data. The application of SVIs in assessing diverse built environment changes at the street level and over time remains challenging. This paper presents a stepwise rule-based method to identify key types of urban built environment changes using multi-year SVIs. In particular, physical/built environment changes along streets are evaluated based on proposed Street Units of Analysis (SUA) that account for both street layouts and street view features. The approach employs sharp variations of visual attributes derived from deep learning segmentation model DeepLabv3+. A stepwise rule-based algorithm classifies SUAs. Using panoramic SVIs from 2015–2019 in Wuhan, China, we identify critical types of changes such as those related to highway bridges, sidewalk increases, building increases, road losses, greenness increases, and mixed changes. Identified changes take place on over 50% of roads in the study area. In addition, the robustness of proposed approach is assessed based on results produced by manual labeling and by a fuzzy rough sets analysis. The approach is found to be robust and effective by having an 81.7% agreement with manually labeled analysis and an 80.5% agreement with fuzzy rough sets analysis. Overall, this study contributes to the development of a cost effective and efficient method for detecting physical changes on SUAs, which can be further utilized in studies that link urban changes, space use, and policy interventions.
Advanced plasma target from pre-ionized low-density foam for effective and robust direct laser acceleration of electrons
Authors: Rosmej Olga N. , Gyrdymov Mikhail , Andreev Nikolay E. , Tavana Parysatis , Popov Vyacheslav , Borisenko Nataliya G. , Gromov Alexandr I. , Gus’kov Sergey Yu. , Yakhin Rafael , Vegunova Galina A. , Bukharskii Nikolai , Korneev Philipp , Cikhardt Jakub , Zähter Sero , Busch Sebastian , Jacoby Joachim , Pimenov Vladimir G. , Spielmann Christian , Pukhov Alexander 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Low-density polymer foams pre-ionized by a well-controlled nanosecond pulse are excellent plasma targets to trigger direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons by sub-picosecond relativistic laser pulses. In this work, the influence of the nanosecond pulse on the DLA process is investigated. The density profile of plasma generated after irradiating foam with a nanosecond pulse was simulated with a two-dimensional hydrodynamic code, which takes into account the high aspect ratio of interaction and the microstructure of polymer foams. The obtained plasma density profile was used as input to the three-dimensional particle-in-cell code to simulate energy, angular distributions and charge carried by the directional fraction of DLA electrons. The modelling shows good agreement with the experiment and in general a weak dependence of the electron spectra on the plasma profiles, which contain a density up-ramp and a region of near-critical electron density. This explains the high DLA stability in pre-ionized foams, which is important for applications.
Hacking Reproductive Justice: Solomon’s Judgment and the Captive Maternal
Authors: van der Waal Rodante , Villarmea Stella 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Sylvia Wynter’s sociogenic principle, Chiara Bottici’s feminist mythology, and Denise Ferreira da Silva’s Black feminist praxis of hacking, all underscore the importance of working through the myths, codes, and origin stories that discursively form our world. We identify the biblical story of Solomon’s judgment as an origin story which constitutes an understanding of justice in matters of reproduction that is still hegemonic today, and that must be subverted to realize the Black feminist aim of reproductive justice. Through Solomon’s judgment, justice in reproduction got established as what Édouard Glissant terms, an “obsession with the chain of affiliation” inscribed with the “tragedy of miscegenation,” capturing the maternal in the arché-form of the future subject. We differentiate between the patriarchal configuration of “justice in reproduction” and the feminist concept “reproductive justice,” which is a popular, strong, and important activist concept. To arrive at reproductive justice, a “hack” of the patriarchal configuration of justice in Solomon’s judgment is orchestrated: through a radical affirmation of the events of both abortion and birth, we aim to “explode” the narrative code that constitutes the hegemonic patriarchal understanding of justice, in order to liberate the captive maternal and reimagine reproductive justice within a true feminist mythology.