bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training in Residency and Provision of Reproductive Health Services Among Family Medicine Physicians
Authors: Strasser Julia , Schenk Ellen , Luo Qian , Bodas Mandar , Anderson Olivia , Chen Candice 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceContraception and abortion services are essential health care, and family medicine (FM) physicians are an important part of the workforce providing this care. Residency could inform the reproductive health services FM physicians provide.ObjectiveTo determine which residency training factors are associated with FM physicians’ provision of reproductive health services to Medicaid beneficiaries.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional, population-based observational study of inpatient and outpatient FM physicians who completed residency between 2008 and 2018 and treated at least 1 Medicaid beneficiary in 2019 was conducted from November 2022 to March 2023. The study used 2019 American Medical Association Masterfile and Historical Residency file, as well as the 2019 Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System claims.ExposuresResidency training in community-based or reproductive health-focused programs.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe outcomes were providing the following to at least 1 Medicaid beneficiary in 2019: prescription contraception (pill, patch, and/or ring), intrauterine device (IUD) and/or contraceptive implant, and dilation and curettage (D&amp;amp;C). Odds of providing each outcome were measured using correlated random-effects regression models adjusted for physician, residency program, and county characteristics.ResultsIn the sample of 21 904 FM physician graduates from 410 FM residency programs, 12 307 were female (56.3%). More than half prescribed contraception to Medicaid beneficiaries (13 373 physicians [61.1%]), with lower proportions providing IUD or implant (4059 physicians [18.5%]) and D&amp;amp;C (152 physicians [.7%]). FM physicians who graduated from a Reproductive Health Education in Family Medicine program, which fully integrates family planning into residency training, had significantly greater odds of providing prescription contraception (odds ratio [OR], 1.23; 95% CI, 1.07-1.42), IUD or implant (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.28-2.48), and D&amp;amp;C (OR, 3.61; 95% CI, 2.02-6.44). Physicians who completed residency at a Teaching Health Center, which emphasizes community-based care, had higher odds of providing an IUD or implant (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.19-1.91).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of FM physicians providing Medicaid service, characteristics of residency training including community-based care and integration of family planning training are associated with greater odds of providing reproductive health services. With growing reproductive health policy restrictions, providing adequate training in reproductive health is critical to maintaining access to care, especially for underserved populations.
RheuMetric Quantitative 0 to 10 Physician Estimates of Inflammation, Damage, and Distress in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Validation Against Reference Measures
Authors: Rodwell Nicholas , Hassett Geraldine , Bird Paul , Pincus Theodore , Descallar Joseph , Gibson Kathryn A. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo analyze a RheuMetric checklist, which includes four feasible physician 0 to 10 scores for DOCGL, inflammation (DOCINF), damage (DOCDAM), and distress (DOCSTR) for criterion and discriminant validity against standard reference measures.MethodsA prospective, cross‐sectional assessment was performed at one routine care visit at Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, Australia. Rheumatologists recorded DOCGL, DOCINF, DOCDAM, DOCSTR, and 28 joint counts for swelling (SJC), tenderness (TJC), and limited motion/deformity (DJC). Patients completed a multidimensional health assessment questionnaire (MDHAQ), which includes routine assessment of patient index data (RAPID3), fibromyalgia assessment screening tool (FAST4), and MDHAQ depression screen (MDS2). Laboratory tests and radiographic scores were recorded. RheuMetric estimates of inflammation, damage, and distress were compared with reference and other measures using correlations and linear regressions.ResultsIn 173 patients with RA, variation in RheuMetric DOCINF was explained significantly by SJC and inversely by disease duration; variation in DOCDAM was explained significantly by DJC, radiographic scores, and physical function; and variation in DOCSTR was explained significantly by fibromyalgia and depression.ConclusionRheuMetric DOCINF, DOCDAM, and DOCSTR estimates were correlated significantly and specifically with reference measures of inflammation, damage, and distress, documenting criterion and discriminant validity.
Biomechanics, Energetics, and Structural Basis of Rupture of Fibrin Networks
Authors: Ramanujam Ranjini K. , Maksudov Farkhad , Litvinov Rustem I. , Nagaswami Chandrasekaran , Weisel John W. , Tutwiler Valerie , Barsegov Valeri 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFibrin provides the main structural integrity and mechanical strength to blood clots. Failure of fibrin clots can result in life‐threating complications, such as stroke or pulmonary embolism. The dependence of rupture resistance of fibrin networks (uncracked and cracked) on fibrin(ogen) concentrations in the (patho)physiological 1–5 g L−1 range is explored by performing the ultrastructural studies and theoretical analysis of the experimental stress–strain profiles available from mechanical tensile loading assays. Fibrin fibers in the uncracked network stretched evenly, whereas, in the cracked network, fibers around the crack tip showed greater deformation. Unlike fibrin fibers in cracked networks formed at the lower 1–2.7 g L−1 fibrinogen concentrations, fibers formed at the higher 2.7–5 g L−1 concentrations align and stretch simultaneously. Cracked fibrin networks formed in higher fibrinogen solutions are tougher yet less extensible. Statistical modeling revealed that the characteristic strain for fiber alignment, crack size, and fracture toughness of fibrin networks control their rupture resistance. The results obtained provide a structural and biomechanical basis to quantitatively understand the material properties of blood plasma clots and to illuminate the mechanisms of their rupture.
Single Doping for Triple Functions: Integrated Theranostic Nanoplatforms for Multimodal Image‐Guided Tumor Therapy
Authors: Wang Hui , Feng Ruxin , Wang Yan , Ma Qian , Wei Jie , Xu Suying , Wang Leyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAccurate location and efficient treatment of diseases by multifunctional nanoplatforms are appealing but face great challenges. Theranostic agents through the physical combination of different functional nanoparticles are demonstrated to be effective. Yet, the complicated biological environment often leads to ambiguous fates of each agent, which fails to keep the behaviors of imaging and therapeutic components in a simultaneous manner. Herein, “integrated” theranostic NPs, Gd‐doped CuWO4 (CWG) with strong near‐infrared (808 nm) absorption, the longest absorption peak of reported CuWO4, located in the biological transparent window, are constructed. The single doping of trace amount of Gd not only endows them with a distinguished magnetic resonance imaging capability (r1 = 12.01 mM−1s−1), but also concurrently imposes great effect on the valence states of matrix ion (Cu), as evidenced by theoretical calculation results. The charge distribution shift of Cu would facilitate ·OH generation, beneficial for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Moreover, CWG NPs display remarkable photoacoustic (PA) and computed tomography (CT) imaging capabilities (S = 10.33 HU mM−1). Such integrated theranostics afford a paradigm for multimodal imaging‐guided synergistic therapy with all‐in‐one single nanoparticle.
Antibiofouling Slippery Liquid Impregnated Pulsed Plasma Poly(styrene) Surfaces
Authors: Rawlinson Joe M. , Cox Harrison J. , Hopkins Grant , Cahill Patrick , Badyal Jas Pal S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiofouling is a major global environmental and economic challenge wherein organisms settle on solid surfaces submerged in natural waters. This leads to the spread of invasive marine species around the globe, accelerates surface deterioration through microbially‐induced corrosion, and inflates maritime vessel fuel consumption which leads to greater greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, pulsed plasma poly(styrene) nanocoatings impregnated with eco‐friendly liquids are produced that yield slippery surfaces through aromatic–aliphatic intermolecular interactions (water droplet contact angle hysteresis and sliding angle values ≈1–2°). The antibiofouling performance of these slippery surfaces is demonstrated using laboratory‐based marine bioassays and real‐world field trials in freshwater (pond water) and seawater (ocean) environments. Low‐cost and substrate‐independent pulsed plasmachemical deposition combined with eco‐friendly liquid impregnation provides a sustainable approach to tackling environmental biofouling.
Soft, Conductive, and Anti‐Freezing Conducting Polymer Organohydrogels
Authors: Zhou Xin , Kateb Pierre , Miquet‐Westphal Floriane , Lodygensky Gregory A. , Cicoira Fabio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSoft and conductive materials are highly desirable for wearable electronics. In particular, anti‐freezing, long‐water retention, and highly conductive gels with Young's modulus matching that of biological tissues, show promise in bioelectronics. Herein, soft organohydrogels obtained by mixing poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), ethylene glycol (EG), and tannic acid (TA) are reported. The PEDOT/EG/TA organohydrogels exhibit a low compressive Young's modulus of ≈20 kPa, a conductivity of ≈6 S cm−1, as well as anti‐freezing and water retention properties. Epidermal patch electrodes prepared using the PEDOT/EG/TA gel exhibit low skin–electrode impedance at low frequency (1–100 Hz) and high‐quality electrocardiography (ECG) and electromyography signal recordings. Moreover, these gels demonstrate long‐term stability with high ECG recording quality after being placed under ambient conditions for seven days.
Comprehensive Machine Learning Pipeline for Prediction of Power Conversion Efficiency in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Mohanty Debasish , Palai Akshaya Kumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered considerable interest as a viable replacement for conventional silicon‐based solar cells, thanks to their high‐power conversion efficiency (PCE), low manufacturing costs, and ease of adjusting optoelectronic properties. To expedite the development of PSC devices, it is crucial to establish seamless connections between relevant parameters, thereby saving time and reducing the costs associated with actual experimentation. This capability can be achieved through advanced machine learning (ML) models, which are at the forefront of providing such interrelation capabilities. In this investigation, a comprehensive ML pipeline using scientific data from PSCs is established, which includes data processing methods and synthetic data generation. Various ML models such as linear, logic‐tree‐based, gradient‐based, discriminative‐based, and attention‐based neural network regressors are utilized to predict PCE of PSCs. The results indicate that the XG‐Boost ML algorithm displays a minimum mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.52, while the attention‐based neural network model TabNet also demonstrates an MAE as low as 1.62. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination for these models is as high as 0.919 and 0.915, respectively. The findings and developed models can aid in the study of training and evaluation processes and provide insights into correlations within perovskite data for required property prediction.
Metal−Organic Frameworks Nucleated by Silk Fibroin and Modified with Tumor‐Targeting Peptides for Targeted Multimodal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Chen Yuping , Lyu Ruyin , Wang Jie , Cheng Qichao , Yu Yanfang , Yang Shuxu , Mao Chuanbin , Yang Mingying 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMultimodal therapy requires effective drug carriers that can deliver multiple drugs to specific locations in a controlled manner. Here, the study presents a novel nanoplatform constructed using zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8), a nanoscale metal‐organic framework nucleated under the mediation of silk fibroin (SF). The nanoplatform is modified with the newly discovered MCF‐7 breast tumor‐targeting peptide, AREYGTRFSLIGGYR (AR peptide). Indocyanine green (ICG) and doxorubicin (DOX) are loaded onto the nanoplatform with high drug encapsulation efficiency (>95%). ICG enables the resultant nanoparticles (NPs), called AR‐ZS/ID‐P, to release reactive oxygen species for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and heat for photothermal therapy (PTT) under near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation, promoting NIR fluorescence and thermal imaging to guide DOX‐induced chemotherapy. Additionally, the controlled release of both ICG and DOX at acidic tumor conditions due to the dissolution of ZIF‐8 provides a drug‐targeting mechanism in addition to the AR peptide. When intravenously injected, AR‐ZS/ID‐P NPs specifically target breast tumors and exhibit higher anticancer efficacy than other groups through ICG‐enabled PDT and PTT and DOX‐derived chemotherapy, without inducing side effects. The results demonstrate that AR‐ZS/ID‐P NPs are a promising multimodal theranostic nanoplatform with maximal therapeutic efficacy and minimal side effects for targeted and controllable drug delivery.
Graphene Quantum Dots as an Oxygen Reservoir for Topotactic Phase Transition‐Based Memristive Devices
Authors: Nallagatla Venkata Raveendra , Sasindra Harisankar , Kim Hyoung Gyun , Yoo Dongha , Yi Gyu‐Chul , Kim Miyoung , Jung Chang Uk 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA novel class of transition metal oxides, capable of reversible topotactic phase transition between the oxygen‐deficient brownmillerite and oxygen‐rich perovskite, has emerged as a promising material for memristive and magnetoelectric devices. However, the absence of a local oxygen source in the device structure necessitates an oxygen exchange process between the surrounding atmosphere and the switching layer during operation, which can lead to unreliable device performance. In this study, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are introduced into a SrFe0.5Co0.5Ox memristive device as an oxygen reservoir for the nanoscale topotactic redox process. The SrFe0.5Co0.5Ox memristive devices with GQDs exhibit reliable resistive switching performance compared to SrFe0.5Co0.5Ox devices without GQDs. To understand the effect of GQDs on the device structure, a pulse endurance test is carried out in a high vacuum. The devices with GQDs show rather good endurance behavior, while devices without GQDs exhibit endurance failure. These results provide a deeper understanding of the potential use of GQDs in enhancing the performance of SrFe0.5Co0.5Ox memristive devices, with implications for tuning nanoscale topotactic phase transition for multi‐functional properties.
Triazine‐based multicomponent metallacages with tunable structures for SO2 selective capture and conversion
Authors: Zhang Ruoqian , Hu Dingyue , Fu Yu , Feng Qian , Mu Chaoqun , Gao Kai , Ma Heping , Liu Ming , Zhang Mingming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe design of novel materials for sulfur dioxide (SO2) capture and conversion with considerable efficiency under mild conditions is of great significance for human health and environmental protection yet highly challenging. Herein, we report a series of triazine‐based multicomponent metallacages via coordination‐driven self‐assembly of 2,4,6‐tri(4‐pyridyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine, cis‐Pt(PEt3)2(OTf)2 and different tetracarboxylic ligands. As the increase of the length of the tetracarboxylates, the structures of the metallacages change from pyramids to extended octahedrons. Owing to their N‐rich structure, these metallacages are further used for selective SO2 capture, showing good adsorption capacity and remarkable SO2/CO2 selectivity in ambient conditions, suggesting their potential applications toward real flue gas desulfurization. The metallacages are further employed for the conversion of SO2 into value‐added compounds, showing exceptional efficiency even dilute SO2 is used as the reactant. This study represents a type of structure‐tunable triazine‐based metallacages for SO2 capture and conversion, which will pave the way on the applications of metal‐organic complexes for gas adsorption.
Clinical and genetic characterization of a Chinese family with pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 7
Authors: Wu Zhi‐Feng , Lv Kui‐Lin , Yao Si‐Qi , Li Zhi , Cheng Wang , Zhang Si , Long Xin‐Hai , Guo Hong , Zhang Yu‐Ping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe report compound heterozygous variants in TOE1 in siblings of Chinese origin who presented with dyskinesia and intellectual disabilities. Our report provides further information regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 7 syndrome (PCH7). Clinical manifestations were obtained, and genomic DNA was collected from family members. Whole‐exome and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify associated genetic variants. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify and characterize the pathogenicity of the heterozygous variants. Following long‐term rehabilitation, both siblings showed minimal improvement, and their condition tended to progress. Whole‐exome sequencing revealed two unreported heterozygous variants, NM_025077: c.C553T (p.R185W) and NM_025077: c.G562T (p.V188L), in the TOE1 gene mapped to 1p34.1. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the two variants in the proband and her brother were inherited from their parents. The NM_025077: c.C553T (p.R185W) variant was inherited from the father, and the NM_025077: c.G562T (p.V188L) variant was inherited from the mother. Although the two variants in the TOE1 gene have not been reported previously, they were associated with PCH7 based on integrated analysis. Thus, our report contributes to our knowledge regarding the etiology and phenotype of PCH 7.
Assessing the association of skeletal indicators of stress with mean age‐at‐death in sub‐adults
Authors: Wyatt Bronwyn , McFadden Clare , Ward Stacey , Wilson Laura A. B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe present study investigated the association of skeletal indicator of stress presence with mean age‐at‐death as a means of understanding whether commonly studied indicators are indeed indicative of increased frailty.Materials and MethodsUsing a medieval Gaelic population from Ballyhanna (Co. Donegal), the present study assessed the association between skeletal indicators of stress and mean age‐at‐death using the Kaplan–Meier survival function with log rank test to determine whether these indicators were associated with younger age‐at‐death, and therefore increased frailty, in sub‐adults only (0 to 18 years, N = 139) and through comparison to an all‐ages cohort (N = 318).ResultsOnly linear enamel hypoplasia was found to be associated with significantly decreased survivorship across the all‐ages cohort but, conversely, was associated with increased survivorship when analysis was restricted to sub‐adults. All other indicators assessed were associated with increased age‐at‐death for both all‐age cohorts and sub‐adult cohorts (cribra orbitalia), increased age‐at‐death when assessing all ages only (porotic hyperostosis and healed periosteal lesions); or were sufficiently rare in adults to prevent comparative analysis (stunting and micronutrient deficiency). Increased survivorship in individuals with higher numbers of co‐morbid skeletal indicators was observed for both sub‐adults alone and all age cohort.DiscussionThese findings suggest that these commonly recorded skeletal indicators may be more accurately viewed simply as records of stressor exposure and subsequent survival only, rather than providing evidence that these sub‐adults are frailer than their similarly aged‐at‐death peers. Thus, the demographic and sociocultural context is essential to the interpretation of observed skeletal indicators of stress.
Thinner inner retinal layers are associated with lower cognitive performance, lower brain volume, and altered white matter network structure—The Maastricht Study
Authors: van der Heide Frank C. T. , Steens Indra L. M. , Limmen Betsie , Mokhtar Sara , van Boxtel Martin P. J. , Schram Miranda T. , Köhler Sebastian , Kroon Abraham A. , van der Kallen Carla J. H. , Dagnelie Pieter C. , van Dongen Martien C. J. M. , Eussen Simone J. P. M. , Berendschot Tos T. J. M. , Webers Carroll A. B. , van Greevenbroek Marleen M. J. , Koster Annemarie , van Sloten Thomas T. , Jansen Jacobus F. A. , Backes Walter H. , Stehouwer Coen D. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe retina may provide non‐invasive, scalable biomarkers for monitoring cerebral neurodegeneration.METHODSWe used cross‐sectional data from The Maastricht study (n = 3436; mean age 59.3 years; 48% men; and 21% with type 2 diabetes [the latter oversampled by design]). We evaluated associations of retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, and inner plexiform layer thicknesses with cognitive performance and magnetic resonance imaging indices (global grey and white matter volume, hippocampal volume, whole brain node degree, global efficiency, clustering coefficient, and local efficiency).RESULTSAfter adjustment, lower thicknesses of most inner retinal layers were significantly associated with worse cognitive performance, lower grey and white matter volume, lower hippocampal volume, and worse brain white matter network structure assessed from lower whole brain node degree, lower global efficiency, higher clustering coefficient, and higher local efficiency.DISCUSSIONThe retina may provide biomarkers that are informative of cerebral neurodegenerative changes in the pathobiology of dementia.
Functionalization of Pentacene: A Facile and Versatile Approach to Contorted Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Wu Meng‐Xiang , Li Yantong , Liu Peipei , Shi Xusheng , Kang Hao , Zhao Xiao‐Li , Xu Lin , Li Xiaodong , Fang Junfeng , Fang Zhiwei , Cheng Ya , Yu Huakang , Shi Xueliang , Yang Hai‐Bo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work, a facile and versatile strategy for the synthesis of contorted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) starting from the functionalized pentacene was established. A series of novel PAHs 1–4 and their derivatives were synthesized through a simple two‐step synthesis procedure involving an intramolecular reductive Friedel–Crafts cyclization of four newly synthesized pentacene aldehydes 5–8 as a key step. All the molecules were confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and their photophysical and electrochemical properties were studied in detail. Interestingly, the most striking feature of 1–4 is their highly contorted carbon structures and the accompanying helical chirality. In particular, the optical resolution of 2 was successfully achieved by chiral‐phase HPLC, and the enantiomers were characterized by circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence spectroscopy. Despite the highly nonplanar conformations, these contorted PAHs exhibited emissive properties with moderate‐to‐good fluorescence quantum yields, implying the potential utility of this series PAHs as high‐quality organic laser dyes. By using a self‐assembly method with the help of epoxy resin, a bottle microlaser based on 3 a was successfully illustrated with a lasing wavelength of 567.8 nm at a threshold of 0.3 mJ/cm2. We believe that this work will shed light on the chemical versatility of pentacene and its derivatives in the construction of novel functionalized PAHs.