bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and effectiveness of lusutrombopag in patients who have chronic liver disease with thrombocytopenia and undergoing invasive procedures: Real‐world post‐marketing surveillance in Japan
Authors: Yoshiji Hitoshi , Suzuki Junto , Imasaki Masafumi , Tsukimura Eri , Miyano Makiko , Kurosaki Masayuki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimLustrombopag has been approved for the treatment of thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic liver diseases who are scheduled to undergo an invasive procedure. Here, we report the final results of a post‐marketing surveillance assessing the safety and effectiveness of lusutrombopag in Japan.MethodsThis multicenter, prospective, real‐world surveillance collected data from case report forms between October 2016 and May 2021. The observation period was 2 months after the first day of lusutrombopag treatment. Safety and effectiveness (proportion of patients avoiding preoperative platelet transfusion and responders who achieved platelet count increase from baseline) were assessed.ResultsThe safety analysis set included 1033 (100.0%), 130 (12.6%), and 14 (1.4%) patients who received one or more, two or more, and three or more treatment cycle(s), and 482 (48.9%), 457 (46.3%), and 43 (4.4%) patients who were Child–Pugh class A, B, and C, respectively. The most common serious adverse drug reactions were portal vein thrombosis, pancytopenia, and white blood cell count decrease, reported in 14 (1.36%), three (0.29%), and two (0.19%) patients, respectively. The incidence of adverse drug reactions was not higher in patients with Child–Pugh class C or those undergoing retreatment cycles compared with other Child–Pugh classes or the first treatment cycle, respectively. During the observation period of the first treatment cycle, 94.7% (889/939) of patients avoided preoperative platelet transfusion and 82.8% (741/895) of the patients met the responder criteria.ConclusionsThis surveillance study further supports the safety and effectiveness of lusutrombopag in a broad range of patients with chronic liver diseases undergoing planned invasive procedures.Clinical Trial RegistrationJapicCTI‐163432.
Reflections from accused: Advice on navigating life on bail
Authors: Yule Carolyn , Schumann Rachel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccused individuals employ various techniques in response to the challenges posed by living with bail conditions. By asking ‘what advice would you give to an accused individual who must appear in bail court and who will be assigned conditional bail’, this study assesses how individuals navigate release on bail in the community. A thematic analysis of interviews with 108 accused yielded three master themes: ‘abiding by the system’; a ‘broken system’; and ‘working the system’. The findings add to current research by identifying points of similarity, but also difference, in how common discourses used by bail court actors and bail scholars – including responsibilisation, self‐governance, and accountability – are responded to by accused. The results reveal how individuals accused of a crime find ways to assume a more advantageous position within a system largely perceived as working against them.
SPENDING A WINDFALL
Authors: Palma Nuno , Silva André C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study the effect of the discovery of precious metals in America from 1500 to 1810 on international trade. Around 1500, there was a simultaneous discovery of precious metals and new trading routes. We construct a counterfactual of new routes but no precious metals. The discovery of precious metals increased the stock of precious metals more than 10‐fold. We show that Euro‐Asian trade at its peak increased up to 20 times compared with the counterfactual. Our simulations match the observed price dynamics. We find that precious metals were at least as important as the new routes.
Cigarette smoking and risk of adult‐onset Still disease: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Rahmanpour Dara , Malek Mahdavi Aida , Mahmoudi Maryam , Esalatmanesh Kamal , Akhgari Aisan , Hajialilo Mehrzad , Ghassembaglou Arezou , Farzaneh Rojin , Azizi Saeed , Khabbazi Alireza 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundEnvironmental factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases. Smoking is thought to be a risk factor for autoimmune rheumatic diseases.AimsThe purpose of the present study was to assess the association between smoking and adult‐onset Still disease (AOSD) and the effect of smoking on outcomes of this disease.MethodsIn this case‐control study, patients with AOSD who met the Yamaguchi criteria, were older than 16 years at the disease onset and were in follow‐up for at least 12 months were consecutively enrolled in the study. The outcome of AOSD was assessed by acquiring remission on treatment, remission off treatment, time to remission and rate of flare. The smoking status of participants was defined by direct or phone interviews. Individuals who had smoked daily for at least 6 months were defined as a smoker. We performed propensity score matching analyses by using four parameters, including age, sex, educational status and marital status.ResultsPropensity score matching resulted in 72 patients with AOSD and 216 matched controls. The number of ever smokers in the AOSD and control groups were 11 (15.3%) and 25 (11.6%) respectively. There was no significant increase in the risk of AOSD in multivariate analysis after adjustment for age, sex, marital status and educational level. There were no significant differences in the outcomes of AOSD between ever and never smokers.ConclusionsSmoking probably is not a risk factor for AOSD and did not affect the response to treatment.
Downstream firm's equity financing for capacity expansion in a supply chain
Authors: Fu Hong , Xu Shuo , Guan Lei , Peng Yangyang , Zhang Lianmin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this research, we investigate a supply chain consisting of a downstream firm who purchases a component from an upstream firm and then transforms it into a final product. The downstream firm has a production capacity constraint and considers to raise capital from an investor through equity financing. The raised capital not only enables the downstream firm to expand the capacity but also allows the investor to hold equity shares in the downstream firm. We derive the optimal pricing and production decisions of the two firms and discuss the optimal equity financing strategy of the downstream firm. We consider two distinct models: the external equity financing model, where the capital is raised from an outside institution, and the internal equity financing model, where the capital is raised from the upstream firm. We show that because the cooperative relationship between the two firms can be improved in the internal equity financing model, the production quantity in this model may be even higher than that in a benchmark model with no capacity constraint and no equity holding by the investor in the downstream firm. In addition, the original shareholder of the downstream firm gets more benefit from the internal equity financing activity than from the external equity financing activity. We also analyze the impacts of the key model parameters on the equity financing strategy and find that the dependence of the financing strategy on the initial asset of the downstream firm is quite different in the two models. Moreover, when the production cost of the downstream firm is changed, less capital raised for expanding capacity may create more value for the original shareholder of the downstream firm in each model. Finally, we show that the key finding remains unchanged when deterministic demand is changed to stochastic demand.
Do onlays and crowns offer similar outcomes to posterior teeth with mesial‐occlusal‐distal preparations? A systematic review
Authors: Michaud Pierre‐Luc , Dort Hillary 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTeeth prepared for mesial‐occlusal‐distal (MOD) restorations have a significant risk of cusp fracture. Crowns and onlays can provide cusp coverage to reinforce posterior teeth at risk. Onlays are often more conservative of tooth structure which may be an advantage for teeth with large MOD preparations. It remains uncertain how onlays and crowns compare for posterior teeth with MOD tooth structure loss. The purpose of this systematic review was to compare the resistance to fracture, success rate, survival rate, and failure rate of teeth with MOD preparations restored with onlays or crowns.Materials and MethodsAn electronic search queried Medline (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and grey literature (OpenGrey) from database inception through April 29, 2023.ResultsAfter eliminating duplicates and irrelevant records, 32 manuscripts were assessed. Only three publications met the criteria for inclusion. Most exclusions were due to poor reporting of restorative design and the amount of tooth structure remaining, or due to combining various restorative designs. Due to the limited sample size and high heterogeneity, no meta‐analysis was conducted. One study observed a better outcome for onlays and two observed no difference. All three studies reported the mode of failure for crowns as more catastrophic whereas teeth with onlays could be salvaged.ConclusionsOnlays may be an advantageous alternative to crowns for teeth with MOD preparations, but the level of evidence is insufficient to draw meaningful conclusions.Clinical SignificanceCurrent evidence is insufficient to determine whether onlays or crowns are providing a different outcome when used to restore posterior teeth with MOD tooth structure loss. However, the fracture of teeth with MOD tooth structure loss restored with onlays appears to be less catastrophic than when restored with crowns.
Estimating migration speed of glass eels during their colonization of a Mediterranean lagoon
Authors: Bouchard C. , Nicolas D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMigration speed can have important evolutionary consequences as it can affect the timing of arrival, remaining energy reserves, and habitat choice. Environmental conditions and individual phenotypic traits can impact the migration speed of individuals. In this way, estimating migration speed is of particular importance, especially for species under strong management strategies and colonizing highly diversified habitats, as is the case for the European eel. However, estimating the migration speed of glass eels, which is the life stage when eels colonize continental habitats, presents challenges due to typically low re‐capture probabilities and difficulties in tagging individuals. Using recruitment time series at two sites, one at the sea connection and another inland, we estimated the temporal lag between the two migration peaks to compute migration speed. Because we worked on the Mediterranean coasts and in a lagoon, the weak tidal amplitudes may inhibit individuals from efficiently performing the selective tidal stream transport. We obtained migration speed values coherent with the few values available in the literature for Atlantic estuaries. The values we obtained that are lower than those obtained for Atlantic estuaries are also coherent with the weak tides along the Mediterranean coasts and lead to necessary further studies to understand the migratory behavior of glass eels in such hydro‐systems.
40Ar/39Ar dates controlled by white mica deformation and strain localization: Insights from comparing in situ laser ablation and single‐grain fusion techniques
Authors: Barnes Christopher J. , Schneider David A. , Majka Jarosław , Camacho Alfredo , Bukała Michał , Włodek Adam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn situ laser ablation and single‐grain fusion 40Ar/39Ar geochronological techniques were directly compared using white mica from nine metasedimentary rocks from the Vaimok Lens of the Seve Nappe Complex (SNC) in the Scandinavian Caledonides. Seven of the rocks are from the eclogite‐bearing Grapesvare nappe within the lens that is defined by D2 structures (S2 and F2), which were formed during exhumation following late Cambrian/Early Ordovician ultra‐high pressure metamorphism. Two other rocks were obtained from ‘Scandian’ shear zones that delimit the nappes within the lens. The shear zones were active during terminal collision of Baltica and Laurentia in the Silurian to Devonian. The rocks exhibit variable deformation intensities and degrees of strain localization, expressed in particular by white mica. The in situ laser ablation and single‐grain fusion 40Ar/39Ar dates both span from the late Cambrian to Middle Devonian. Results of both techniques generally show decreasing dates with increasing bulk deformation intensity and successive structural generations (i.e., D2 then Scandian structures). Furthermore, several discrepancies are evident when comparing the results of the two techniques for the same rocks, indicating the 40Ar/39Ar dates are not solely governed by bulk deformation intensities and structural generations. Instead, the discrepancies demonstrate the additional influence of white mica strain localization, which is illuminated by the different analytical volumes of the techniques. Thus, the 40Ar/39Ar datasets are altogether deciphered as a function of bulk deformation intensity and degree of strain localization that affected the overall white mica volume. The former controls the gross 40Ar loss from the overall volume and the latter dictates the variability of 40Ar loss within the volume. Exploiting the interplay of these two phenomena for the Vaimok Lens rocks with in situ laser ablation allows for the broad span of 40Ar/39Ar dates to be contextualized into a sequence of tectonic events: (1) cooling at 474 ± 3 Ma, (2) pre‐collision deformation at 447 ± 2 Ma and (3) activation of crustal‐scale shear zones in the SNC related to continental collision at 431 ± 3 Ma and 411 ± 3 Ma.
A wealth of P–T–t information from metasediments in the HP–UHP terrane of the Pohorje Mountains, Slovenia, elucidates the evolution of the Eastern Alps
Authors: Li Botao , Massonne Hans‐Joachim , Yuan Xiaoping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractContrasting views exist in regard of the evolution of metamorphic rocks in the southeastern Pohorje Mountains (Mts), located in the southeastern Eastern Alps. Major debated points are whether micaschists have experienced ultrahigh‐pressure metamorphism in the Late Cretaceous (Eo‐Alpine) and whether they were continuously exhumed or experienced a multiple subduction–exhumation process from that time on. Therefore, we studied micaschist sample 18Slo39 with two generations of garnet and phengitic muscovite from this area. Our detailed study of this rock included petrographic observations, chemical analyses of minerals with the electron microprobe, pseudosection modelling, conventional geothermometry, and monazite in‐situ U‐Th‐Pb dating using laser‐ablation inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometry. The following results were obtained: The studied micaschist was subject to a peak pressure of 1.31 ± 0.14 GPa at 603 ± 26°C in Eo‐Alpine times: 90.62 ± 2.78 (2σ) Ma (Stage I). Contact metamorphism at pressure–temperature conditions of 0.66 ± 0.10 GPa and 577 ± 23°C was induced by the intrusion of the Pohorje pluton (Stage III). We determined an early Miocene age of 18.33 ± 0.43 (2σ) Ma for this intrusion. Based on this study and the previously reported data for a micaschist (16Slo12) taken in the vicinity of sample 18Slo39, a geodynamic model is proposed for the region of the Pohorje Mts considering Eo‐Alpine subduction of oceanic crust and European continental crust, of which the micaschist was part of. Another high‐pressure event in the Eocene (Stage II) was the result of intracontinental subduction because of transpression by the Periadriatic fault system that separates the Eastern Alps from the Southern Alps. This type of subduction gave rise to magma generation and ascent to form the Pohorje pluton, which caused contact metamorphism in its vicinity.
Assessing the role of Ndel1 oligopeptidase activity in congenital Zika syndrome: Potential predictor of congenital syndrome endophenotype and treatment response
Authors: Christoff Raissa R. , Nani João V. , Lessa Gabriel , Rabello Tailene , Rossi Atila D. , Krenn Veronica , Higa Luiza M. , Tanuri Amilcar , Garcez Patricia P. , Hayashi Mirian A. F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMaternal infections are among the main risk factors for cognitive impairments in the offspring. Zika virus (ZIKV) can be transmitted vertically, causing a set of heterogeneous birth defects, such as microcephaly, ventriculomegaly and corpus callosum dysgenesis. Nuclear distribution element like‐1 (Ndel1) oligopeptidase controls crucial aspects of cerebral cortex development underlying cortical malformations. Here, we examine Ndel1 activity in an animal model for ZIKV infection, which was associated with deregulated corticogenesis. We observed here a reduction in Ndel1 activity in the forebrain associated with the congenital syndrome induced by ZIKV isolates, in an in utero and postnatal injections of different inoculum doses in mice models. In addition, we observed a strong correlation between Ndel1 activity and brain size of animals infected by ZIKV, suggesting the potential of this measure as a biomarker for microcephaly. More importantly, the increase of interferon (IFN)‐beta signaling, which was used to rescue the ZIKV infection outcomes, also recovered Ndel1 activity to levels similar to those of uninfected healthy control mice, but with no influence on Ndel1 activity in uninfected healthy control animals. Taken together, we demonstrate for the first time here an association of corticogenesis impairments determined by ZIKV infection and the modulation of Ndel1 activity. Although further studies are still necessary to clarify the possible role(s) of Ndel1 activity in the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the congenital syndrome induced by ZIKV, we suggest here the potential of monitoring the Ndel1 activity to predict this pathological condition at early stages of embryos or offspring development, during while the currently employed methods are unable to detect impaired corticogenesis leading to microcephaly. Ndel1 activity may also be possibly used to follow up the positive response to the treatment, such as that employing the IFN‐beta that is able to rescue the ZIKV‐induced brain injury.image
Evidence for spontaneous regulation of the humoral IgM anti‐GM1 autoimmune response by IgG antibodies in multifocal motor neuropathy patients
Authors: Di Egidio Marianna , Bacaglio Cristian R. , Arrejoría Rocio , Villa Andrés M. , Nores Gustavo A. , Lopez Pablo H. H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsMultifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a peripheral nerve disorder characterized by slow progressive distal asymmetric weakness with minimal or no sensory impairment. Currently, a vast evidence supports a direct pathogenic role of IgM anti‐GM1 antibodies on disease pathogenesis. Patients with MMN seropositive for GM1‐specific IgM antibodies have significantly more weakness, disability and axon loss than patients without these antibodies. During the screening for IgM anti‐GM1 antibodies in a cohort of patients with neuropathy we noticed an absence or significant reduction of natural IgM anti‐GM1 autoreactivity in some patients with MMN, suggesting a mechanism of self‐control of autoreactivity. We aim to understand the lack of natural reactivity against GM1 in MMN patients.MethodsThe presence of free IgM anti‐GM1 reactivity or its complex to blocking IgG was analysed by combining high performance thin layer chromatography‐immunostaining, soluble binding inhibition assays, Protein‐G or GM1‐affinity columns and dot blot assays.ResultsWe identified in MMN patients an immunoregulation of IgM anti‐GM1 antibodies mediated by IgG immunoglobulins characterized by: (i) lack of natural IgM anti‐GM1 autoreactivity as a result of a immunoregulatory IgG‐dependent mechanism; (ii) presence of natural and disease‐associated IgM anti‐GM1/IgG blocking Ab complexes in sera; and (iii) high levels of IgG blocking against natural IgM anti‐GM1 antibodies (Abs.InterpretationOur observations unmask a spontaneous IgG‐dependent mechanism of immunoregulation against IgM anti‐GM1 antibodies that could explain, in part, fluctuations in the usually slowly progressive clinical course that characterizes the disease and, at the same time, allows the identification of an autoimmune response against GM1 ganglioside in seronegative patients.
The prognostic value of P53 index in predicting the recurrence of early low‐risk endometrial cancer
Authors: Çakır İlker , Gülseren Varol , Aköz Gamze , Şahin Zekiye , Sever Barış , Çakır Zübeyde Emiralioğlu , Sancı Muzaffer , Kuru Oğuzhan , Özdemir İsa Aykut , Güngördük Kemal 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimWe aimed to clarify the clinical value of P53 index in patients with early low‐risk endometrial cancer (EC) and find an optimal cut‐off value of P53 index for predicting the recurrence of these patients.MethodsThe clinicopathological data of 157 patients with early low‐risk EC (stage 1A with grade 1 or 2 endometrioid EC) were analyzed. The optimal cut‐off value of the P53 index was calculated by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and Youden index. Cox regression model was used to evaluate the independent prognostic predictors of recurrence of EC. Then all patients were divided into two groups according to the optimal cut‐off value of the P53 index. Differences of the clinicopathological parameters between the two groups were compared.ResultsMultivariate analysis showed age PR (p = 0.020) and P53 (p = 0.001) were independent prognostic factors for the recurrence of EC. The value of P53 index was found to be the optimal cut‐off point of 17.5% in estimating the recurrence of EC. The 5‐year recurrence‐free survival rates of patients in the low P53 index group (<17.5%) and the high P53 index group (≥17.5%) were 94.6% and 65.4% (p < 0.001).ConclusionIt has been revealed that the P53 index is a prognostic factor for recurrence in early low‐risk EC. The optimal cut‐off value of P53 index may contribute to the postoperative individualized treatment options for early low‐risk EC patients.
Medication treatment for opioid use disorder among rural primary care patients
Authors: Hser Yih‐Ing , Zhu Yuhui , Baldwin Laura‐Mae , Mooney Larissa J. , Saxon Andrew J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) and medication treatment for OUD (MOUD) receipt in rural primary care settings and identify characteristics associated with MOUD among patients with OUD.MethodsSecondary analyses based on electronic health records of all adult patients who visited 1 of the 6 rural primary care clinic sites from October 2019 to January 2021. Mixed effects logistic regression was conducted to assess MOUD receipt (Y/N) in relation to patient characteristics (eg, demographics, other substance use disorders [SUDs], mental health disorders, and chronic pain) and the number of MOUD prescribers per clinic.FindingsThe prevalence of OUD varied from 0.7% to 8.2% (Mean [SD] = 3.3% [95% CI: 0.4, 6.1]) among 36,762 primary care patients across 6 clinic sites. Among 1,164 patients with OUD, on average 50.1% received MOUD (95% CI: 28.0, 72.3). Patients in clinics with more than 3 MOUD prescribers had more than 3 times the odds of receiving MOUD (OR = 3.42; 95% CI, 1.22‐9.62) as those in clinics with fewer than 3 prescribers. MOUD was positively associated with younger age (18‐30 [OR = 6.97; 95% CI, 3.37‐14.42], 31‐64 [OR = 5.03; 95% CI, 2.64‐9.57], relative to those 65 and older), having other co‐occurring SUDs (OR = 3.77; 95% CI, 2.57‐5.52), being male (OR = 1.50; 95% CI, 1.12‐2.01), and negatively associated with having chronic pain disorders (OR = 0.69; 95% CI, 0.50‐0.94).ConclusionsThe prevalence of OUD and MOUD are high but vary considerably across rural primary care clinics; primary care MOUD prescribers play a key role on MOUD access in rural settings.