bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Feasibility of Carnation Cultivation in the Nilgiris District of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Balamurugan P. , Senthilnathan S. , Vidhyavathi A. , Kavitha M. , Gangaiselvi R. 
Published: September 2023

Aim: To estimate the economics of Carnation Production under Protected cultivation, to estimate the feasibility of the protected cultivation of Carnation in the study district, and to assess the constraints faced by the farmers in scaling up the protected cultivation in the study district and to suggest suitable solutions.
Study Design: An ex-post-facto study was conducted, among the carnation cultivators of Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu.
Place and Duration of Study: The Nilgiris district was purposively selected for the study as it possesses the largest area under carnation flower cultivation in Tamil Nadu and the study was conducted between April 2023 and June 2023.
Methodology: The present study employed a multi-stage purposive cum random sampling technique to select the district, blocks, villages, and respondents for research. The Nilgiris district was purposefully chosen for its significance in carnation flower cultivation within Tamil Nadu. Specifically, Kothagiri, Coonoor, and Uthagai blocks of the Nilgiris district were selected as focal areas for this investigation. Within each of these selected blocks, two villages were chosen, resulting in a total of six villages as study locations. To ensure representation, 30 farmers engaged in carnation cultivation were then selected, with a proportion of 5 farmers per village. The respondents were interviewed with a pre-structured questionnaire through a random approach. Furthermore, the study incorporated feasibility analysis, which included evaluating key financial metrics such as the Benefit-Cost Ratio, Net Present Worth, and Internal Rate of Return. These financial analyses were conducted to assess the economic viability and potential returns associated with carnation cultivation in the Nilgiris district.
Results: The results reveal that the net return/ 4000 m2 is Rs. 16.67 lakhs. The BCR was found to be 1.40 (Financially feasible). The NPV was found to be Rs. 70.35 lakhs and the IRR was estimated to be 40.00 per cent. Major constraints encountered by the farmers include the higher cost of polyhouse material and construction, followed by the higher cost of the seedlings and the poor availability of skilled labour.
Conclusion: Protected cultivation technology unlocks the potential to produce crops with high productivity and superior quality.
Antibacterial Activities of Aqueous and Hydroethanolic Extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus on the In vitro Growth of two Multiresistant Strains of Salmonella typhimurium Isolated from Broilers Chickens
Authors: Ouattara Anzoumana Lassinan , Abou Ouattara , Karamoko Ouattara , Julien Golly Koffi , Adama Coulibaly 
Published: September 2023

Poultry products have quickly become one of the most consumed sources of protein in the world. However, poultry farmers face enormous economic losses caused by the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria. In addition, the consumption of eggs and poultry meat also causes several infectious diseases within populations as well as poisonings and therefore a public health problem.
Aims: The objective of our study was to evaluate in vitro the antibacterial properties of aqueous and 70% hydroethanolic extracts of the leaves of Anogeissus leiocarpus on two strains of multiresistant Salmonella typhimurium isolated from the faeces of broilers chickens.
Methodology: The agar well method was used to test the susceptibility of bacterial strains while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by the liquid dilution method.
Results: On the two multiresistant Salmonella typhimurium germs, the aqueous and 70% hydroethanolic extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus gave zones of inhibition diameter between 13-22 mm while the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were ranged between 12.5 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml. The results of the phytochemical analysis of the extracts studied reveal the presence of several families of secondary metabolites including phenolic compounds, cardiac glycosides, saponins, alkaloids and then sterols and terpenes. However, these secondary metabolites are distributed differently within the aqueous and 70% hydroethanolic extracts.
Conclusion: In view of the results obtained in the present work, this plant could be used as a phytomedicine to combat pathologies linked to Salmonella typhimurium in broiler chickens and as an antibacterial agent in food products that may harbor strains of Salmonella typhimurium.
Surface Interactive Assembly of Ruthenium Based Janus Bimetallic Nanoparticles With Active Dual‐Function Sites for Efficient Use in CO2 Utilization
Authors: Kim Heesu , Lee Seongjun , Seo Boseok , Xu Min , Rasika Mane , Lee Chanmin , Irvine John T.S. , Kim Minkyu , Jeon Yukwon 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNoble bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) are nowadays essential in various applications, like CO2 utilization by dry reforming of methane (DRM), due to their unique and potential properties. A synthesis method for Ru based Janus‐structured NPs is presented via surface interactive assembly of deposited Ru and emerged Ni species from carefully tailored perovskite oxide support. As noble‐metals typically result in the alloy, an exclusive formation mechanism is introduced by utilizing Ru energetically favorable for the Janus phase by lower ground state energy from interactions between the strongly embedded cluster and perovskite surface. Consequently, noticeable Janus NPs, controllable in size and composition with active configuration by dual‐function sites and interface strains, are well‐produced with high distribution. DRM performance highly exceeds conventional Ru over 5 times in TOFs for both CO2 and CH4 with improved stability maintaining H2/CO for 100 h without sintering at harsh reaction conditions, which comprehensively exhibits distinct advantages over recent works. Fundamental studies indicate combined electronic d‐band structures proving distinctive CO2 dissociation and CH4 activation, involving efficient dehydrogenation and CO production via surface oxygenation, considerably suppresses coking. This approach presents a potential avenue to surmount constraints on designing bimetallic NPs in any structured oxide systems for effective materials in various low carbon relevant industries.
Universal Hydrogel Carrier Enhances Bone Graft Success: Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation
Authors: Calder Dax , Oveissi Farshad , Maleknia Simin , Huang Tom , Koong Bernard , Abrams Terence , Oar Andrew , Chrzanowski Wojciech , Dehghani Fariba , Fathi Ali 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOrthopedic, maxillofacial, and complex dentoalveolar bone grafting procedures that require donor‐site bone harvesting can be associated with post‐surgical complications. There has been widespread adoption of exogenously sourced particulate bone graft materials (BGM) for bone regenerative procedures; however, the particulate nature of these materials may lead to compromised healing outcomes, mainly attributed to structural collapse of the BGM, prolonged tissue healing. In this study, a fully synthetic thermoresponsive hydrogel‐based universal carrier matrix (TX) that forms flowable and shapable putties with different BGMs while spatially preserving the particles in a 3D scaffold at the implantation site is introduced. The potential synergistic effect of the carrier is investigated in combination with particulate demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in a standard muscle pouch nude mice model (n = 24) as well as in a rabbit femoral critical‐sized cortico‐cancellous bone defect model (n = 9). Finally, the clinical usability, safety, and efficacy of the carrier for the delivery of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) are evaluated in a controlled clinical trial for extraction socket alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) (n = 11 participants). Overall, the TX carrier improved the delivery of different types of BGMs, maintaining these spatially at the implantation site with minimal inflammatory responses, resulting in favorable bone regenerative outcomes.
Reconfigurable Manipulation of Sound with a Multimaterial 3D Printed Origami Metasurface
Authors: Le Dinh Hai , Kronowetter Felix , Chiang Yan Kei , Maeder Marcus , Marburg Steffen , Powell David A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe challenge in reconfigurable manipulation of sound waves using metasurfaces lies in achieving precise control over acoustic behavior while developing efficient and practical tuning methods for structural configurations. However, most studies on reconfigurable acoustic metasurfaces rely on cumbersome and time‐consuming control systems. These approaches often struggle with fabrication techniques, as conventional methods face limitations such as restricted material choices, challenges in achieving complex geometries, and difficulties in incorporating flexible components. This paper proposes a novel approach for developing a reconfigurable metasurface inspired by the Kresling origami, designed for programmable manipulation of acoustic waves at an operating frequency of 2000 Hz. The origami unit cell is fabricated using multimaterial three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology, allowing for the simultaneous printing of two materials with different mechanical properties, thus creating a bistable origami‐based structure. Through optimization, two equilibrium states achieve a reflection phase difference of π through the application of small axial force, F, or torque, T. Various configurations of the metasurface, generated from different combinations of these two equilibria, enable distinct reflective behaviors with switchable and programmable functionalities. The principle of this work simplifies the shaping of acoustic waves through a straightforward mechanical mechanism, eliminating the need for complex control systems and time‐consuming adjustments.
Visible‐Light‐Promoted Photocatalyst‐Free Unsymmetrical Synthesis of Diaryl 1, 2‐Diketones from Terminal Alkynes/ Alkenes and Aryl Halides Under the Formate‐Air‐DMSO Condition
Authors: Chen Xueqin , Wen Xiaoqing , Fu Yang , Liu Yingtian , Tan Rui , Li Jiahong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA method has been developed for the synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical aryl 1, 2‐diketones at room temperature, without the need for transition metals or photocatalysts. This protocol employs aromatic terminal alkynes or alkenes to react with aryl iodides under conditions involving formate, air, and DMSO. Mechanistic studies indicate that formate, air, and DMSO are all necessary conditions, and that the highly reactive carbon dioxide radical anion (CO2⋅−) generated under these conditions plays a key role in the reaction.
The Latest Insights into Multiply Selective Diels–Alder Reactions Using a Chiral‐Cavity‐Structured Lewis‐Acidic Boron Catalyst
Authors: Matsui Kai , Toh Kohei , Sakamoto Tatsuhiro , Hatano Manabu , Ishihara Kazuaki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe latest insights into multiply selective Diels–Alder (DA) reactions is presented, where a chiral‐cavity‐structured Lewis‐acidic boron catalyst is employed. The catalyst ((R)‐1) is capable of recognizing both dienes and dienophiles, primarily due to the influence of the suitable steric factors of its cavity. By taking advantage of the structural and exo‐product‐inducing properties of (R)‐1, even in the presence of a mixture of inseparable dienes, the target products were successfully obtained in high yield with high enantioselectivity. As (R)‐1 exhibited the capacity to differentiate between three‐dimensional isomeric transition‐state structures in DA reactions, this work contributes to the advancement of artificial enzyme‐like catalysis, which has so far remained elusive.
CAMKIIδ Reinforces Lipid Metabolism and Promotes the Development of B Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Xu Senlin , Fang Hui , Wu Dehao , Ouyang Ching , Shi Yunfei , Hu Zhenkang , Zhang Mingfeng , Zhong Yaoyao , Zhao Junwei , Gan Yichao , Zhang Shize , Liu Xiaoqian , Yin Jie , Li Yuan , Tang Mengyue , Wang Yingda , Li Ling , Chan Wing C , Horne David , Feng Mingye , Huang Wendong , Gu Ying 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe most prevalent types of lymphomas are B cell lymphomas (BCL). Newer therapies for BCL have improved the prognosis for many patients. However, approximately 30% with aggressive BCL either remain refractory or ultimately relapse. These patients urgently need other options. This study shows how calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II delta (CAMKIIδ) is pivotal for BCL development. In BCL cells, ablation of CAMKIIδ inhibits both lipolysis from lipid droplets and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). With lipolysis blocked, BCL progression is markedly suppressed in two distinct BCL mouse models: MYC‐driven EµMyc mice and Myc/Bcl2 double‐expressed mice. When CAMKIIδ is present, it destabilizes transcription factor Forkhead Box O3A (FOXO3A) by phosphorylating it at Ser7 and Ser12. This then permits transcription of downstream gene IRF4 – a master transcription factor of lipid metabolism. The CAMKIIδ/FOXO3A axis bolsters lipid metabolism, mitochondrial respiration, and tumor fitness in BCL under metabolic stress. This study also evaluates Tetrandrine (TET), a small molecule compound, as a potent CAMKIIδ inhibitor. TET attenuates metabolic fitness and elicits therapeutic responses both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, this study highlights how CAMKIIδ is critical in BCL progression. The results also pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies for treating aggressive BCL.
α‐ZnO Manipulated Growth of Ag Gird on AgNWs Enables High Conductive Flexible Electrode for Large‐Area Monolithic Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Liu Tianyu , Ismail Irfan , Qian Fan , Zhang Lianping , Yang Shutao , Zhang Xiaoke , Yan Lingpeng , Han Yunfei , Luo Qun , Yang Yongzhen , Ma Chang‐Qi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe conductivity of AgNWs electrodes can be enhanced by incorporating Ag grids, thereby facilitating the development of large‐area flexible organic solar cells (FOSCs). Ag grids from vacuum evaporation offer the advantages of simple film formation, adjustable thickness, and unique structure. However, the complex 3D multi‐component structure of AgNWs electrodes will exacerbate the aggregation of large Ag particles, causing the device short circuits. To address this issue, the relationship between the surface energy of modification layers and the morphology and conductivity of ultrathin Ag on AgNWs is studied. The amorphous ZnO (α‐ZnO) layer promotes Ag growth from Volmer–Weber (VW) to Frank–Van der Merwe (FM), reducing particle aggregation. The 1 µm thick PET/AgNWs/Ag grid electrode with α‐ZnO exhibited low contact resistance and high conductivity. As a result, 1 cm2 FOSCs with Ag grids achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.01%. As the area increased to 4 and 9 cm2, the performance of the monolithic FOSCs is 14.70% and 12.69%, showing less efficiency loss during upscaling. The 8 and 16 cm2 modules constructed by series and parallel connection of the monolithic devices yield PCEs of 14.47% and 12.92%, respectively. This study offers valuable insights into constructing Ag grids on AgNWs electrodes for highly efficient large‐area FOSCs.
A Baicalin‐Based Functional Polymer in Dynamic Reversible Networks Alleviates Osteoarthritis by Cellular Interactions
Authors: Yang Yili , Hu Qinxiao , Shao Qingfeng , Peng Yachen , Yu Bo , Luo Fangji , Chen Jiajing , Xu Chenhao , Li Zhenyan , Tam Manseng , Ju Zhenyu , Zhang Ronghua , Xing Feiyue , Zha Zhengang , Zhang Huan‐Tian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is increasingly recognized as a whole‐organ disease predominantly affecting the elderly, characterized by typical alterations in subchondral bone and cartilage, along with recurrent synovial inflammation. Despite the availability of various therapeutics and medications, a complete resolution of OA remains elusive. In this study, novel functional hydrogels are developed by integrating natural bioactive molecules for OA treatment. Specifically, baicalin (Bai) is combined with 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) to form a polymerizable monomer (HEA‐Bai) through esterification, which is subjected to reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to produce Bai‐based polymer (Pm). These macromolecules are incorporated into Schiff‐base hydrogels, which demonstrate excellent mechanical properties and self‐healing performance. Notably, the Bai‐based formulations are taken up by fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLSs), where they regulate glycolysis. Mechanistically, inhibition of yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP1) by the formulations suppressed the FLSs glycolysis and reduced the secretion of inflammatory factors, including interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, and IL‐8. Furthermore, the functional hydrogel (AG‐Pm)‐OC, severing as a lubricant and nutrient, prolonged joint retention of Bai, thereby reducing cartilage degradation and synovial inflammation. Meanwhile, (AG‐Pm)‐OC alleviated joint pain by targeting the YAP1 signaling and inhibiting macrophage recruitment and polarization. Taken together, this flavonoid‐based injectable hydrogel exhibits enhanced biocompatibility and efficacy against OA.
Gaudichaudione H Enhances the Sensitivity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Disulfidptosis via Regulating NRF2‐SLC7A11 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Shi Mengjiao , Li Xinyan , Guo Ying , Zhang Yinggang , Xu Jiayi , Yan Liangwen , Liu Rongrong , Wang Hong , Tang Shenkang , Zhao Yaping , Li Zongfang , Feng Yetong , Ren Dongmei , Liu Pengfei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGaudichaudione H (GH) is a naturally occurring small molecular compound derived from Garcinia oligantha Merr. (Clusiaceae), but the full pharmacological functions remain unclear. Herein, the potential of GH in disulfidptosis regulation, a novel form of programmed cell death induced by disulfide stress is explored. The omics results indicated that NRF2 signaling could be significantly activated by GH. The potential targets are associated with hepatocarcinogenesis and cell death. Moreover, both glutathione (GSH) metabolism and NADP+‐NADPH metabolism are affected by GH, indicating the potential in disulfidptosis regulation. It is also observed that GH enhanced the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells to disulfidptosis, which is dependent on the activation of NRF2‐SLC7A11 pathway. GH significantly increased the levels of NRF2 and promoted the transcription of NRF2 target gene, SLC7A11, through autophagy‐mediated non‐canonical mechanism. Under the condition of glucose starvation, GH‐induced upregulation of SLC7A11 aggravated uptake of cysteine, disturbance of GSH synthesis, depletion of NADPH, and accumulation of disulfide molecules, ultimately leading to the formation of disulfide bonds between different cytoskeleton proteins and disulfidptosis eventually. Collectively, the findings underscore the potential role of GH in promoting cancer cell disulfidptosis, thereby offering a promising avenue for the treatment of drug‐resistant HCC in clinical settings.
CTB6 Confers Cold Tolerance at the Booting Stage by Maintaining Tapetum Development in Rice
Authors: Gao Shilei , Li Jin , Zeng Yawen , Li Huahui , Guo Zhenhua , Guo Haifeng , Zhang Meng , Gu Yunsong , Su Runbin , Ye Wei , Zou Andong , Sun Xingming , Zhang Zhanying , Zhang Hongliang , Guo Yongmei , Ma Wendong , Yuan Pingrong , Li Zichao , Li Jinjie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRice is highly sensitive to cold stress, particularly at the booting stage, which significantly threatens rice production. In this study, we cloned a gene, CTB6, encoding a lipid transfer protein involved in cold tolerance at the booting stage in rice, based on our previous fine‐mapped quantitative trait locus (QTL) qCTB10‐2. CTB6 is mainly expressed in the tapetum and young microspores of the anther. CTB6 interacts with catalases (CATs) to maintain their stability, thereby scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in anthers and facilitating tapetum development under cold stress conditions. Additionally, CTB6 has lipid‐binding ability and affects the lipid content in anthers to regulate cold tolerance at the booting stage. Haplotype analysis and promoter activity assay revealed a specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐489 variation in the promoter of CTB6, which enhances its expression and results in improved cold tolerance in Hap1‐K varieties. The CTB6 near‐isogenic line (NIL) exhibited enhanced cold tolerance at the booting stage, with no significant effects on other agronomic traits. Our findings uncover a natural variation of CTB6 for cold tolerance at the booting stage and provide new genetic resources for cold tolerance breeding in rice.
Multiple Enzymes Expressed by the Gut Microbiota Can Transform Typhaneoside and Are Associated with Improving Hyperlipidemia
Authors: Xu Hui , Feng Ru , Ye Meng‐Liang , Hu Jia‐Chun , Lu Jin‐Yue , Wang Jing‐Yue , Zuo Heng‐Tong , Zhao Yi , Song Jian‐Ye , Jiang Jian‐Dong , Zhou Yun‐Zhi , Wang Yan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe mechanism of multiple enzymes mediated drug metabolism in gut microbiota is still unclear. This study explores multiple enzyme interaction process of typhactyloside (TYP) with gut microbiota and its lipid‐lowering pharmacological activity. TYP, with bioavailability of only 2.78%, is an active component of Typha angustifolia L. and Pushen capsules which is clinically treated for hyperlipidemia. The metabolic process of TYP is identified, and key enzymes involved in TYP metabolism are validated through gene knockout and overexpression techniques. Through overexpressing α‐rhamnosidase (Rha) in Escherichia coli, TYP is verified to metabolize into isorhamnetin‐3‐O‐neohesperidin (M1) and isorhamnetin‐3‐O‐glucoside (M2) after removing rhamnose through Rha. Besides, knockout of β‐glucosidase (Glu) confirms that TYP generates M3 through Glu after removing glucose. Combined with molecular docking, M3 is transformed to generate 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (M4), protocatechuic acid (M5), and 3‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid (M6) through flavonoid reductase (Flr) and chalcone isomerase (Chi). In conclusion, multiple enzymes involved in TYP metabolism (Rha/Glu→Flr→Chi) are identified. Through in vivo experiments, combined use of M3 and M5 also shows excellent anti‐hyperlipidemia efficacy. This is the first study on complex metabolism mechanism and pharmacological activity of natural flavonoids mediated by multiple enzymes, which provide insight to investigate analogous natural products.