bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left Ventricular Assist Device Therapy in Cold and Dry Patients
Authors: Varrias Dimitrios , Balgobind Amrita , Safiriyu Israel , Alhuarrat Majd Al Deen , Fang James C. , Patel Snehal R. , Alvarez Villela Miguel 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:
Patients with end-stage heart failure and low pulmonary capillary wedge pressure are referred to as cold and dry and represent an understudied minority in whom the benefit of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy is unclear.

METHODS:
Adults receiving LVADs between 2006 and 2017 in the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support database were classified as cold and wet (pulmonary capillary wedge pressure >15 mm Hg) and cold and dry (pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ≤15 mm Hg) based on pre-LVAD hemodynamics obtained via right heart catheterization. The primary outcome was 1-year survival. Secondary outcomes were rehospitalizations, change in 6-minute walk test distance, change in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, and change in EuroQol questionnaire scores 1 year after LVAD.

RESULTS:

Our study included 10 310 patients with complete clinical, echocardiographic, and functional capacity profiles. The median follow-up was 364 days (interquartile range, 326–381 days). Overall, the mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure before LVAD implantation was 25±9 mm Hg. Cold and dry patients comprised 15% of the cohort and were more frequently female, had smaller mean body size, smaller mean left ventricular size, and better mean baseline renal function. Compared with cold and wet patients, cold and dry patients also had better baseline functional capacity and quality of life and experienced milder improvements after LVAD: EuroQol (+0.11 versus +0.17;
P
=0.001), Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (+26 versus +31;
P
=0.031), and 6-minute walk test distance (+194 feet versus +340 feet;
P
=0.026). There was no statistically significant difference between the rate of hospitalizations (
P
=0.76), adverse events, and mortality (log-rank
P
=0.81) at 1 year between the 2 groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
In cold and dry patients with end-stage heart failure, LVADs are associated with milder but significant improvements in functional capacity and quality of life with a similar incidence of adverse events and survival at 1 year.
Enhancing Neuron Activity Promotes Functional Recovery by Inhibiting Microglia-Mediated Synapse Elimination After Stroke
Authors: Sun Hao , Wang Heng , Wu Chaoran , Liu Gang , He Meijun , Zhang Hao , Hou Fengsheng , Liao Hong 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:
Activating glutamatergic neurons in the ipsilesional motor cortex can promote functional recovery after stroke. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Clarifying key molecular mechanisms involved in recovery could help understand the development of neuromodulation strategies after stroke.

METHODS:
Adeno-associated virus 2/9-CamKIIa-hM3Dq-mCherry was injected into ipsilesional motor cortex by stereotaxic in the photothrombotic stroke model. Starting from the third day after the stroke, male mice were injected intraperitoneally with clozapine-N-oxide every day to activate excitatory neurons. C1q-blocking antibody and annexin V were used to inhibit C1q and exposed phosphatidylserine (EPS), respectively. The cylinder test and grid-walking test were performed to evaluate functional recovery. The potential molecular mechanisms of excitatory neuronal activation on microglia-mediated synaptic pruning after stroke by immunofluorescence, real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and RNA sequencing.

RESULTS:
Activating excitatory neurons significantly promoted functional recovery and inhibited microglia-mediated synaptic pruning after stroke. Furthermore, it decreased EPS and C1q levels in synapses. On the contrary, inhibiting excitatory neurons aggravated functional defects, promoted microglia-mediated synaptic pruning, and increased EPS and C1q levels in synapses. Selective blocking of EPS repressed C1q tagging of synapses and microglia-mediated synaptic pruning and improved functional recovery. Meanwhile, blocking EPS markedly rescued synaptic density, and motor function deteriorated by chemogenetic inhibition. In addition, C1q-blocking antibody prevented phosphatidylserine engulfment by microglia.

CONCLUSIONS:
Together, these data provide mechanistic insight into microglia-mediated synapse pruning after neuronal activation after stroke and identify the role of C1q binding to EPS in stroke treatment during the repair phase.
Towards personalized mapping through lumbosacral spinal cord task fMRI
Authors: Hernandez-Charpak Sergio Daniel , Kinany Nawal , Ricchi Ilaria , Schlienger Raphaëlle , Mattera Loan , Martuzzi Roberto , Nazarian Bruno , Demesmaeker Robin , Rowald Andreas , Kavounoudias Anne , Bloch Jocelyne , Courtine Grégoire , Van De Ville Dimitri 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The lumbosacral spinal cord contains neural circuits crucial for locomotion, organized into rostrocaudal levels with distinct somatosensory and motor neuron pools that project to and from the muscles of the lower limbs. However, the specific spinal levels that innervate each muscle and the locations of neuron pools vary significantly between individuals, presenting challenges for targeted therapies and neurosurgical interventions aimed at restoring locomotion. Non-invasive approaches to functionally map the segmental distribution of muscle innervation—or projectome—are therefore essential. Here, we developed a pipeline dedicated to record blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signals in the lumbosacral spinal cord using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We assessed spinal activity across different conditions targeting the extensor/flexor muscles of the right leg (ankle, knee, and hip) in 12 healthy participants. To enhance clinical relevance, we included not only active movements but also two conditions that did not rely on participants’ performance: passive stretches and muscle-specific tendon vibration, which activates proprioceptive afferents of the vibrated muscle. BOLD activity patterns were primarily located on the side ipsilateral to the movement, stretch, or vibration, both at the group and participant levels, indicating the BOLD activity being associated with the projectome. The fMRI-derived rostrocaudal BOLD activity patterns exhibited mixed alignment with expected innervation maps from invasive studies, varying by muscle and condition. While some muscles and conditions matched well across studies, others did not. Significant variability among individual participants underscores the need for personalized mapping of projections for targeted therapies and neurosurgical interventions. To support the interpretation of BOLD activity patterns, we developed a decision tree-based framework that combines reconstruction of neural structures from high-resolution anatomical MRI datasets and muscle-specific fMRI activity to produce personalized projectomes. Our findings provide a valuable proof-of-concept for the potential of fMRI to map the lumbosacral spinal cord’s functional organization, while shedding light on challenges associated with this endeavor.
Description of Deladenus hebetocaudatus n. sp. (Rhabditida: Neotylenchidae) from northern Iran
Authors: Rezaei Soheila , Pourjam Ebrahim , Atighi Mohammad Reza , Kanzaki Natsumi , Giblin-Davis Robin M. , Pedram Majid 
Published: January 2025

Summary
Deladenus hebetocaudatus n. sp. was recovered from rotten wood samples of a dead broad-leaved forest tree, collected from forests of the city of Savadkooh, northern Iran. It was described and illustrated using morphological and partial SSU rDNA data. Females of the new species were mainly characterised by their 540-625 μm long body and conical tail with a wide blunt mucron-like differentiation at tip. They were further characterised by eight lines in lateral fields, 8.5-9.5 μm long stylet, pharyngo-intestinal junction at level with nerve ring, vulva at 89.7-91.0% of body, the vulva to anus distance 2.4-2.8 times vulval body width, presence of 9.2-11.0 μm long postvulval uterine sac (PUS), sperm inside female reproductive system and no males recovered. The new species was morphologically compared with free-living phase females of all known species under the genera Deladenus, Hexatylus and Rubzovinema. The morphological differences of the new species with four species of Deladenus sensu lato, namely D. ipini, D. megacondylus, D. saccatus and D. ulani, having a PUS in their free-living phase, were discussed. The phylogenetic relationships of the partial SSU rDNA sequence of the new species with other relevant sequences of related taxa were reconstructed using Bayesian approach and the resulting topology was discussed.
Zooming into refractory timber: enhancing anatomical identification with confocal laser scanning microscopy and fluorescence
Authors: Blais Martine , Tanguay Philippe , Duchesne Isabelle , Rioux Danny 
Published: January 2025

Summary
Accurate wood identification is crucial for combatting the illegal logging and trade of forest products worldwide. However, certain challenges such as small specimen size, high wood density, and level of degradation can complicate the identification process. There is therefore a need to develop methods and use complementary techniques in forensic wood identification, particularly for difficult samples. This study utilized confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to detect and locate autofluorescence of axial parenchyma cells (APCs) to facilitate the identification of three challenging unknown wood specimens. These specimens posed difficulties for sectioning with a microtome due to brittleness, density, or small size constraints. CLSM results were compared with those from conventional light compound and stereomicroscopy. In our investigation, the three unknown wood samples were identified as Bobgunnia cf. fistuloides, Chlorocardium cf. rodiei, and Diphysa cf. carthagenensis. Specifically, CLSM confirmed the absence of apotracheal parenchyma in B. cf. fistuloides, which could not be determined using fluorescence stereomicroscopy. For D. cf. carthagenensis, CLSM’s fluorescence intensity highlighted axial parenchyma effectively, surpassing fluorescence stereomicroscopy. A notable advantage of our non-invasive CLSM method was its ability to examine smooth, unsectioned block surfaces, thereby enhancing preservation and ‘in-situ’ visualization of APCs. Our results combining autofluorescence and CLSM clearly offered superior resolution in observing APCs compared to traditional microscopy and can thus be applied for increasing confidence in wood species identification.
Diet particle size influences tropical house cricket life history
Authors: Muzzatti M.J. , Kong J.D. , McColville E.R. , Brzezinski H. , Stabile C.C. , MacMillan H.A. , Bertram S.M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Artificial diets are costly to produce, so diet efficiency is critically important to the success of mass rearing insects. One way to improve feed efficiency is through dietary particle size optimization. We tested whether individual crickets (Gryllodes sigillatus) reared on diets of different particle sizes (0.088-0.125 mm, 0.5-0.7 mm, and 1.0-1.4 mm) would grow differently. Crickets fed a diet ≥0.5 mm grew heavier during the first three weeks but weighed the same after six weeks regardless of diet size. We also tested for dietary size preference, and given a choice crickets consumed the most feed from the 1.0-1.4 mm diet. Next, we tested whether grinding diet to a powder and also pelleting the powder could influence life history. Powdered diet did not influence growth or development, but crickets fed a 2 mm pelleted diet grew larger body size. Overall, our results demonstrate that diet particle size can be leveraged to enhance cricket life history traits important to mass production, as growth was accelerated on larger particle size diets and crickets preferred to eat larger-sized diets. Researchers focusing on physical properties of insect diets should carefully consider the timing of growth and development milestones through which diet particle size may influence feed efficiency.
Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of total carotenoids from larvae of Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) using response surface methodology
Authors: Li Q. , Pan Z.-Y. , Xie L. , Wang H. , Liu Y.-Q. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Carotenoids play multiple important functional roles in insects, including photoprotection, antioxidant, and coloration. Antheraea pernyi Guérin-Méneville, 1855 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is an important traditional edible insect in China, with rich nutritional content and distinctive flavour. However, the information about the natural carotenoids in this edible insect is still extremely limited. The present study reports the quantitative of the carotenoids from the larvae of A. pernyi. Response surface methodology (RSM) analysis was used to optimize the extraction method. The results revealed that the optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) condition was a liquid-solid ratio of 19.4 mL/g, extraction temperature of 59.2 °C and extraction time of 38.8 min. Under these conditions, the maximum extraction of total carotenoids yielded 145.184 μg/g of dried yellow-cyan larvae. The results indicated that A. pernyi was a potential natural carotenoids-rich edible insect.
Rainfall Regression from C-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar Using Multitask Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Colin Aurélien , Husson Romain 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper introduces a data-driven approach to estimate precipitation rates from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) at a spatial resolution of 200 m per pixel. It addresses previous challenges related to the collocation of SAR and weather radar data, specifically the misalignment in collocations and the scarcity of rainfall examples under strong wind. To tackle these challenges, the paper proposes a multiobjective formulation, introducing patch-level components and an adversarial component. It exploits the full NEXRAD archive to look for potential collocations with Sentinel-1 data. With additional enhancements to the training procedure and the incorporation of additional inputs, the resulting model demonstrates improved accuracy in rainfall estimates and the ability to extend its performance to scenarios up to 15 m s−1.

Significance Statement
Identifying rainfall events in coastal areas is crucial for correcting meteorological models and preventing hazards. However, quantitatively measuring precipitation in open ocean and coastal areas is challenging due to the availability and range of ground-based weather radars. Satellite-based observations can provide rain information with extensive spatial coverage and high frequency but usually lack resolution. The present paper proposes to complement existing methods with synthetic aperture radar (SAR). In association with observations from weather radar, it outlines an architecture to derive a relationship between SAR information and the precipitation rate.
Tracking Atmospheric Motions for Obtaining Wind Estimates Using Satellite Observations—From 2D to 3D
Authors: Li Jun , Santek David , Li Zhenglong , Lim Agnes , Di Di , Min Min , Velden Christopher , Menzel W. Paul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Weather satellites provide not only atmospheric thermodynamic and hydrometric information but also important dynamic information when high temporal data are used. Atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) have been routinely derived from global geostationary satellite imagers over tropical and midlatitude regions and polar-orbiting satellite imagers over high-latitude regions since the 1990s and have been widely used in numerical weather prediction (NWP). These AMVs result from tracking clouds and moisture primarily from the infrared and visible bands. While the coverage is good where there are clouds and moisture targets, AMVs can only provide winds for a few tropospheric layers and thus lack vertical information. Recently, active remote sensing technologies have been developed for vertical wind profiling from satellites. Those wind estimates have good accuracy but limited spatial coverage. Expanding wind estimates from two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) over expansive domains is important for improving nowcasting and NWP applications. Hyperspectral infrared sounder observations from polar-orbiting satellites have been used for 3D wind exploration but lack the temporal resolution needed for 3D winds over tropical and midlatitude regions. The feasibility of 3D winds using geostationary hyperspectral infrared sounders has also been demonstrated and validated using 15-min Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder observations. Tropospheric 3D winds will be better achieved through combining both active and passive observations in the future. This paper provides an overview on tracking features from satellites for obtaining tropospheric winds and the evolution from 2D to 3D coverage, along with their potential applications, challenges, and future perspectives.
Intraseasonal Oscillation Intensity Variations of the Atmospheric Heat Source over the Tibetan Plateau and Their Relationship with Summer Precipitation
Authors: Zhu Zhu , Wang Meirong , Wang Jun , Duan Anmin , Liu Boqi , Yu Zhongshui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates intraseasonal oscillation intensity (ISOI) variations of the atmospheric heat source over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during 1979–2020 and their relationship with local summer precipitation. Our analysis reveals that 10–20-day oscillation predominates over TP, followed by 20–30-day oscillation. ISOIs of both periodicities exhibit significant interannual and decadal variations, with notable weakening trends, particularly over the southern TP. Further analysis indicates a strong relationship between the ISOI and the north–south reversed variations in precipitation across the TP. Mechanically, a weakening of the 10–20-day ISOI correlates with decreased water vapor transport from the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea into the southern TP. This reduction, combined with upper–lower circulation anomalies, leads to a downdraft over the southern TP and reduced precipitation here. Conversely, when the 20–30-day ISOI weakens, water vapor transport from the Arabian Sea into the southern TP diminishes while accumulating over the northeastern TP. Together, an anticlockwise meridional circulation occurs between the northern and southern TPs, causing decreased precipitation in the southern TP and increased precipitation in the northern TP. Dynamic diagnostics further identifies that negative temperature advection and changes in nonadiabatic heating dQ/dt are crucial for the downdraft over the southern TP when the 10–20-day ISOI weakens. In contrast, the weakening of the 20–30-day ISOI involves horizontal relative vorticity and temperature advection in midlevel and upper level, along with dQ/dt in lower levels, which contributes to the downdraft over the southern TP. Meanwhile, the updraft over the northern TP is predominantly linked to horizontal relative vorticity.

Significance Statement
Intraseasonal oscillation intensity (ISOI) variations can influence climate changes across multiple scales. This study focuses on recent variations in ISOI over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), an area where such effects remain poorly understood. We explore the relationship between ISOI and the north–south reversed variations in summer mean precipitation over the TP, revealing the associated potential physical mechanisms and dynamical processes. Our findings highlight the significant connection between ISOI and climate changes.
Effectiveness of a Dedicated Rural General Surgery Residency Track: A 13-Year Analysis of the First ACGME Designated Rural Track
Authors: Barber Jude C. , Velez David R. , Johnson Stefan W. , Sticca Robert P. 
Published: January 2025

Background The shortage of general surgeons in rural America is well documented. The North Dakota community–based general surgery residency program initiated a unique approach to training for rural practice through a dedicated rural track. The rural track included 9 months of rotations in specialty rotations beneficial for rural practice. This study analyzed practice patterns and satisfaction of residents completing rural track training. Methods An anonymous voluntary survey was sent to rural track graduates between 2010 and 2022 via the Qualtrics Web site. Data Collection Included Specialty rotations completed, specialty procedures currently performing, satisfaction with rural track training, and recommended specialty rotations for future rural track graduates. Results Twelve of fifteen graduates (80%) responded. Eighty-three percent of respondents chose the rural track because they desired practice in rural areas and/or desired broad-spectrum surgical practice. One hundred percent of the graduates were satisfied with their training. Seventy-five percent of the graduates came from a rural background, and 75% either previously practiced or currently practice in a rural community. Procedural data demonstrated that 67% of the graduates performed endoscopy procedures, 42% performed hand procedures, and 47% performed C-sections. Rural track graduates desired more experience in urology (50%), ENT, OBGYN, and advanced endoscopy (33%). Experience in plastic surgery, GI, hand surgery, dermatology, and IR was cited as beneficial. Conclusion The rural track graduates found significant value in their rural track training that benefited them in practice. Three quarters of the graduates entered rural surgery practice, performing a broad spectrum of procedures.