bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetics and Pore Formation of the Sodium Metal Anode on NASICON‐Type Na3.4Zr2Si2.4P0.6O12 for Sodium Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Ortmann Till , Burkhardt Simon , Eckhardt Janis Kevin , Fuchs Till , Ding Ziming , Sann Joachim , Rohnke Marcus , Ma Qianli , Tietz Frank , Fattakhova‐Rohlfing Dina , Kübel Christian , Guillon Olivier , Heiliger Christian , Janek Jürgen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn recent years, many efforts have been made to introduce reversible alkali metal anodes using solid electrolytes in order to increase the energy density of next‐generation batteries. In this respect, Na3.4Zr2Si2.4P0.6O12 is a promising solid electrolyte for solid‐state sodium batteries, due to its high ionic conductivity and apparent stability versus sodium metal. The formation of a kinetically stable interphase in contact with sodium metal is revealed by time‐resolved impedance analysis, in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Based on pressure‐ and temperature‐dependent impedance analyses, it is concluded that the Na|Na3.4Zr2Si2.4P0.6O12 interface kinetics is dominated by current constriction rather than by charge transfer. Cross‐sections of the interface after anodic dissolution at various mechanical loads visualize the formed pore structure due to the accumulation of vacancies near the interface. The temporal evolution of the pore morphology after anodic dissolution is monitored by time‐resolved impedance analysis. Equilibration of the interface is observed even under extremely low external mechanical load, which is attributed to fast vacancy diffusion in sodium metal, while equilibration is faster and mainly caused by creep at increased external load. The presented information provides useful insights into a more profound evaluation of the sodium metal anode in solid‐state batteries.
Morphology Matters: 0D/2D WO3 Nanoparticle‐Ruthenium Oxide Nanosheet Composites for Enhanced Photocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction Rates
Authors: Vignolo‐González Hugo A. , Gouder Andreas , Laha Sourav , Duppel Viola , Carretero‐Palacios Sol , Jiménez‐Solano Alberto , Oshima Takayoshi , Schützendübe Peter , Lotsch Bettina V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the field of artificial photosynthesis with semiconductor light harvesters, the default cocatalyst morphologies are isotropic, 0D nanoparticles. Herein, the use of highly anisotropic 2D ruthenium oxide nanosheet (RONS) cocatalysts as an approach to enhance photocatalytic oxygen evolution (OER) rates on commercial WO3 nanoparticles (0D light harvester) is presented. At optimal cocatalyst loadings and identical photocatalysis conditions, WO3 impregnated with RONS (RONS/WO3) shows a fivefold increase in normalized photonic efficiency compared to when it is impregnated with conventional ruthenium oxide (rutile) nanoparticles (RONP/WO3). The superior RONS/WO3 performance is attributed to two special properties of the RONS: i) lower electrochemical water oxidation overpotential for RONS featuring highly active edge sites, and ii) decreased parasitic light absorption on RONS. Evidence is presented that OER photocatalytic performance can be doubled with control of RONS edges and it is shown that compared to WO3 impregnated with RONP, the advantageous optical properties and geometry of RONS decrease the fraction of light absorbed by the cocatalyst, thus reducing the parasitic light absorption on the RONS/WO3 composite. Therefore, the results presented in the current study are expected to promote engineering of cocatalyst morphology as a complementary concept to optimize light harvester‐cocatalyst composites for enhanced photocatalytic efficiency.
Detection of mosaic variants using genome sequencing in a large pediatric cohort
Authors: Odgis Jacqueline A. , Gallagher Katie M. , Rehman Atteeq U. , Marathe Priya N. , Bonini Katherine E. , Sebastin Monisha , Di Biase Miranda , Brown Kaitlyn , Kelly Nicole R. , Ramos Michelle A. , Thomas‐Wilson Amanda , Guha Saurav , Okur Volkan , Ganapathi Mythily , Elkhoury Lama , Edelmann Lisa , Zinberg Randi E. , Abul‐Husn Noura S. , Diaz George A. , Greally John M. , Suckiel Sabrina A. , Jobanputra Vaidehi , Horowitz Carol R. , Kenny Eimear E. , Wasserstein Melissa P. , Gelb Bruce D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe increased use of next‐generation sequencing has expanded our understanding of the involvement and prevalence of mosaicism in genetic disorders. We describe a total of eleven cases: nine in which mosaic variants detected by genome sequencing (GS) and/or targeted gene panels (TGPs) were considered to be causative for the proband's phenotype, and two of apparent parental mosaicism. Variants were identified in the following genes: PHACTR1, SCN8A, KCNT1, CDKL5, NEXMIF, CUX1, TSC2, GABRB2, and SMARCB1. In addition, we identified one large duplication including three genes, UBE3A, GABRB3, and MAGEL2, and one large deletion including deletion of ARFGAP1, EEF1A2, CHRNA4, and KCNQ2. All patients were enrolled in the NYCKidSeq study, a research program studying the communication of genomic information in clinical care, as well as the clinical utility and diagnostic yield of GS for children with suspected genetic disorders in diverse populations in New York City. We observed variability in the correlation between reported variant allele fraction and the severity of the patient's phenotype, although we were not able to determine the mosaicism percentage in clinically relevant tissue(s). Although our study was not sufficiently powered to assess differences in mosaicism detection between the two testing modalities, we saw a trend toward better detection by GS as compared with TGP testing. This case series supports the importance of mosaicism in childhood‐onset genetic conditions and informs guidelines for laboratory and clinical interpretation of mosaic variants detected by GS.
Halogen‐Incorporated Sn Catalysts for Selective Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to Formate
Authors: Wang Tian , Chen Jiadong , Ren Xinyi , Zhang Jincheng , Ding Jie , Liu Yuhang , Lim Kang Hui , Wang Junhu , Li Xuning , Yang Hongbin , Huang Yanqiang , Kawi Sibudjing , Liu Bin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractElectrochemically reducing CO2to valuable fuels or feedstocks is recognized as a promising strategy to simultaneously tackle the crises of fossil fuel shortage and carbon emission. Sn‐based catalysts have been widely studied for electrochemical CO2reduction reaction (CO2RR) to make formic acid/formate, which unfortunately still suffer from low activity, selectivity and stability. In this work, halogen (F, Cl, Br or I) was introduced into the Sn catalyst by a facile hydrolysis method. The presence of halogen was confirmed by a collection of ex situ and in situ characterizations, which rendered a more positive valence state of Sn in halogen‐incorporated Sn catalyst as compared to unmodified Sn under cathodic potentials in CO2RR and therefore tuned the adsorption strength of the key intermediate (*OCHO) toward formate formation. As a result, the halogen‐incorporated Sn catalyst exhibited greatly enhanced catalytic performance in electrochemical CO2RR to produce formate.
DoS attack detection in identification of FIR systems with binary‐valued observations
Authors: Guo Jin , Jia Ruizhe , Su Ruinan , Song Yong , Jing Fengwei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTimely and effective detection of malicious attacks is a primary problem in cyber‐physical system security. This paper studies the detection of DoS (denial of service) attacks in identification of FIR (finite impulse response) systems with binary‐valued observations. Based on the prior information of the system, an attack detection algorithm is designed, and its online form is given. The detectability is discussed for the ability of detection algorithm, and the necessary and sufficient condition for the attack strategy to be detectable is obtained. The concepts of the missed detection rate and false alarm rate are introduced, and their calculation methods and approximate formulas under large samples are provided. Furthermore, it is analyzed the influence of prior information of system parameters and data length on the performance of detection algorithm. The rationality of theoretical results is verified by numerical simulation.
Enhancing CHO cell productivity through a dual selection system using Aspg and Gs in glutamine free medium
Authors: Ha Tae Kwang , Òdena Andreu , Karottki Karen Julie la Cour , Kim Che Lin , Hefzi Hooman , Lee Gyun Min , Faustrup Kildegaard Helene , Nielsen Lars K. , Grav Lise Marie , Lewis Nathan E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe dominant method for generating Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines that produce high titers of biotherapeutic proteins utilizes selectable markers such as dihydrofolate reductase (Dhfr) or glutamine synthetase (Gs), alongside inhibitory compounds like methotrexate or methionine sulfoximine, respectively. Recent work has shown the importance of asparaginase (Aspg) for growth in media lacking glutamine—the selection medium for Gs‐based selection systems. We generated a Gs/Aspg double knockout CHO cell line and evaluated its utility as a novel dual selectable system via co‐transfection of Gs‐Enbrel and Aspg‐Enbrel plasmids. Using the same selection conditions as the standard Gs system, the resulting cells from the Gs/Aspg dual selection showed substantially improved specific productivity and titer compared to the standard Gs selection method, however, with reduced growth rate and viability. Following adaptation in the selection medium, the cells improved viability and growth while still achieving ~5‐fold higher specific productivity and ~3‐fold higher titer than Gs selection alone. We anticipate that with further optimization of culture medium and selection conditions, this approach would serve as an effective addition to workflows for the industrial production of recombinant biotherapeutics.
Melatonin upregulates BMAL1 to attenuate chronic sleep deprivation‐related cognitive impairment by alleviating oxidative stress
Authors: Hu Yujie , Yin Jierong , Yang Guoshuai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of melatonin on chronic sleep deprivation‐related cognitive impairment.MethodsChronic sleep deprivation (CSD) model was established using the MMPM method. After the model was established, melatonin receptor agonist and inhibitor were given, respectively. Water maze was conducted to record the escape latency and the duration of crossing the platform of space exploration. The concentration of TNF‐α, IL‐6, MDA, and SOD was measured by ELISA. Immunofluorescence was used to determine the expression level of CD86 and CD206, while the mRNA expression of Bax, Bcl‐2, P65, IκB, and BMAL1 was detected by qPCR. Western blotting assay was utilized to determine the protein expression of Bax, Bcl‐2, P65, p‐P65, IκB, p‐I κB, and BMAL1.ResultsCompared with the control, the escape latency was greatly increased on the second and third day, accompanied by the increased expression of TNF‐α, IL‐6, MDA, and SOD in serum. Furthermore, dramatically upregulated Bax, Bcl‐2, P65, IκB, and CD86 were observed in the model group, accompanied by the declined expression level of BMAL1 and CD206. Compared with the model group, the escape latency was declined, the concentration of TNF‐α, IL‐6, MDA, and SOD was decreased, the expression level of Bax, Bcl‐2, P65, IκB, and CD86 was declined, and the level of BMAL1 and CD206 was promoted by the treatment of the melatonin agonist, while the opposite results were observed under the treatment of the melatonin inhibitor.ConclusionMelatonin upregulates BMAL1 to attenuate chronic sleep deprivation‐related cognitive impairment by alleviating oxidative stress.
Mistletoe lectin inhibits growth of Myc‐amplified small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Shatat Mohammad A. , Gauthier Betsy , Yoon Suzy , Yuan Eric , Yang Peiying , Narla Goutham , Dowlati Afshin , Lee Richard T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSmall‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the deadliest form of lung cancer but lacks targeted therapies.MethodsWe studied the effect of the natural product mistletoe lectin (ML) in pre‐clinical models of SCLC, focusing on cell lines with amplification of the myc family oncogenes C‐myc and N‐myc.ResultsWe found that ML treatment inhibits growth of SCLC cell lines in culture and induces apoptosis. ML treatment also decreases the expression of the amplified myc proteins. Over‐expression of either C‐myc or N‐myc results in enhanced SCLC cell sensitivity to ML. In a mouse xenograft model of SCLC, treatment with ML results in decreased tumor growth over 4 weeks with evidence of increased apoptosis in tumors from treated animals.ConclusionOverall, our results demonstrate that ML exhibits therapeutic potential in SCLC, that is at least partially dependent on myc protein expression.
Poorly differentiated laryngeal neuroendocrine neoplasm with high serum calcitonin level, a case report, with literature review
Authors: Motiee‐Langroudi Maziar , Farahzadi Athena , Ansari Reza , Saffar Hana , Darabi Rezvan , Abbasi Mehrshad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNeuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) of the larynx consists of 0.6% of laryngeal cancer and is the second most common type after squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Laryngeal NEN rarely secret calcitonin and should be differentiated from medullary thyroid carcinoma. It makes a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We describe a case of a laryngeal NEN with calcitonin hypersecretion. A 59‐year‐old man presented to our clinic with recurrent cough, dysphonia, hoarseness, cervical mass, and significant weight loss. Diagnostic workup showed a supraglottic mass. Biopsy of the lesion revealed large‐cell neuroendocrine neoplasm. Further diagnostic workup showed elevated serum calcitonin level. The patient underwent total laryngectomy, thyroidectomy, and modified radical neck dissection. During his follow‐up, new subcutaneous nodules appeared that were biopsy‐proven metastases. Then adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was performed. Laryngeal NEN with hypersecretion of calcitonin is a rare entity. In patients with elevated serum calcitonin levels and head and neck tumors, it should be considered a differential diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma. As the management and prognosis of these two neoplasms are entirely different.
Assessment of the FAA3‐50 Polymer Electrolyte for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Gatto Irene , Patti Assunta , Carbone Alessandra 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAEMFC is an attractive alternative to PEMFCs, due to the faster reaction kinetics that permits to use non‐platinum‐group metal catalysts and thanks to the high pH of the electrolyte allows less expensive metal hardware. In any case, the use of an alkaline exchange polymeric membrane as an electrolyte requires the development and optimization of the electrode structures and MEA. In this work, MEAs, based on FAA3‐50 commercial membrane, were developed and electrochemically characterized in single cell configuration. The hydroxylic exchange procedure of membrane and ionomer, was evaluated. The influence of different electrochemical activation procedures, and the presence of a microporous layer (MPL) in the electrodic structure were assessed. The developed MEAs were electrochemically characterized in a 25 cm2 single cell at different operative conditions. A maximum power density of 140 mW cm−2 at 60 °C was reached with the optimized MEAs.
Densification of BaZr0.9Y0.1O3‐δ ceramic thin films by an infiltration and co‐sintering approach
Authors: Xiao Yao , Waser Rainer , Schneller Theodor 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe proton conductivity of Y‐doped BaZrO3‐based ceramic (BZY) films is highly dependent on the preparation process, especially thermal treatment. In order to further improve the electrochemical properties of BZY thin films, a novel sintering method was introduced to enhance the densification of such refractory materials. BaZr0.9Y0.1O3‐δ (BZY10) was used as a composition in this case study and the concept is realized using chemical solution deposition (CSD) derived porous cathode and anode films as auxiliary layers underneath the BZY10 films, which are CSD derived as well. After co‐sintering at 1200°C for 4 h, BZY10 films with a high degree of densification were attained, accompanied by average grain sizes of 300–350 nm. The grain sizes are comparable to common results found in BZY10 pellets sintered at 1600°C for more than 6 h. However, the densification conditions are much better. For the porous NiO/BZY10 composite films, the in‐plane conductivity is enhanced to about 2 × 10−4 S/cm at 600°C, which is quite close to that (10−3 S/cm) of optimized BZY bulk materials. The compatible stack structures and the remarkably low sintering temperature are applicable to the fabrication of proton‐conducting solid oxide fuel and electrolyzer cells.
Predicting Material Properties of Methane Hydrates with Cubic Crystal Structure Using Molecular Simulations
Authors: Lorenz Tommy , Jäger Andreas , Breitkopf Cornelia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFormation of gas hydrates is an important feature of water systems. It occurs undesirably in natural gas pipelines, but also in deep‐sea deposits and unfreezing permafrost. However, the natural occurrence is of particular interest because methane hydrates have one of the highest energy densities of all naturally occurring forms of methane. Therefore, an accurate description of its thermodynamic properties is required. In this work, we demonstrate how the material properties of methane hydrate can be more easily calculated compared to ab initio methods. Furthermore, it is shown how the material properties depend on the cage occupancy by using the comparably fast self‐consistent‐charge density‐functional tight‐binding (SCC‐DFTB) method. The cell potential is calculated and compared to a numerical as well as an ab initio model, and is in good agreement with the literature.
A Structured Ultramicroporous Metal‐Organic Framework for Carbon Dioxide Capture†
Authors: Wang Shao‐Min , Liu Hao‐Ran , Ni Shuang , Yang Qing‐Yuan 
Published: December 2022

Comprehensive SummaryCarbon dioxide (CO2) capture is one of the most important aspects of reducing global warming. In terms of CO2 capture, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have several advantages. However, it isn't easy to shape MOFs while maintaining their performance. Herein, we describe the development of a pellet‐shaped ultramicroporous MOF, Ni(3‐ain)2 (3‐ain = 3‐aminoinoisonicotinic acid), that is capable of selectively adsorbing CO2. Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is used as a binder during the production of Ni(3‐ain)2 MOF pellets. The adequately shaped material can maintain its crystallinity and exhibit a high CO2 adsorption capacity (3.73 mmol·g–1) at ambient conditions, which is significantly greater than those obtained for N2 (0.63 mmol·g–1) and CO (0.90 mmol·g–1). Consequently, this material displays high IAST selectivities for CO2/N2 (26.3, 15/85, V/V) and CO2/CO (19.2, 1/99, V/V). According to the theoretical calculations, Ni(3‐ain)2 preferentially adsorbs CO2 molecules over N2 molecules and CO molecules. The results of experiments on dynamic breakthrough have demonstrated that Ni(3‐ain)2 pellets are capable of effectively separating CO2/N2 or CO2/CO mixtures under conditions of dynamic flow. Furthermore, the structured MOF materials can be synthesized in one step at kilogram scale. This work provides an avenue for the shaping of MOFs for potential industrial applications in the future.
Immunohistochemical characterization of bipolar cells in four distantly related avian species
Authors: Balaji Vaishnavi , Haverkamp Silke , Seth Pranav Kumar , Günther Anja , Mendoza Ezequiel , Schmidt Jessica , Herrmann Maike , Pfeiffer Leonie Lovis , Němec Pavel , Scharff Constance , Mouritsen Henrik , Dedek Karin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVisual (and probably also magnetic) signal processing starts at the first synapse, at which photoreceptors contact different types of bipolar cells, thereby feeding information into different processing channels. In the chicken retina, 15 and 22 different bipolar cell types have been identified based on serial electron microscopy and single‐cell transcriptomics, respectively. However, immunohistochemical markers for avian bipolar cells were only anecdotally described so far. Here, we systematically tested 12 antibodies for their ability to label individual bipolar cells in the bird retina and compared the eight most suitable antibodies across distantly related species, namely domestic chicken, domestic pigeon, common buzzard, and European robin, and across retinal regions. While two markers (GNB3 and EGFR) labeled specifically ON bipolar cells, most markers labeled in addition to bipolar cells also other cell types in the avian retina. Staining pattern of four markers (CD15, PKCα, PKCβ, secretagogin) was species‐specific. Two markers (calbindin and secretagogin) showed a different expression pattern in central and peripheral retina. For the chicken and European robin, we found slightly more ON bipolar cell somata in the inner nuclear layer than OFF bipolar cell somata. In contrast, OFF bipolar cells made more ribbon synapses than ON bipolar cells in the inner plexiform layer of these species. Finally, we also analyzed the photoreceptor connectivity of selected bipolar cell types in the European robin retina. In summary, we provide a catalog of bipolar cell markers for different bird species, which will greatly facilitate analyzing the retinal circuitry of birds on a larger scale.
Efficient time splitting schemes for the monodomain equation in cardiac electrophysiology
Authors: Lindner Laura P. , Gerach Tobias , Jahnke Tobias , Loewe Axel , Weiss Daniel , Wieners Christian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractApproximating the fast dynamics of depolarization waves in the human heart described by the monodomain model is numerically challenging. Splitting methods for the PDE‐ODE coupling enable the computation with very fine space and time discretizations. Here, we compare different splitting approaches regarding convergence, accuracy, and efficiency. Simulations were performed for a benchmark problem with the Beeler–Reuter cell model on a truncated ellipsoid approximating the left ventricle including a localized stimulation. For this configuration, we provide a reference solution for the transmembrane potential. We found a semi‐implicit approach with state variable interpolation to be the most efficient scheme. The results are transferred to a more physiological setup using a bi‐ventricular domain with a complex external stimulation pattern to evaluate the accuracy of the activation time for different resolutions in space and time.
Effect of strain‐dependent conduction slowing on the re‐entry formation and maintenance in cardiac muscle: 2D computer simulation
Authors: Syomin Fyodor A. , Galushka Valentina A. , Tsaturyan Andrey K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe effect of mechano‐electrical feedback on re‐entry formation and maintenance was studied using a model of myocardial electromechanics that accounts for two components of myocardial conductivity and delayed strain‐dependent changes in membrane capacitance that causes a conduction slowing. Two scenarios were simulated in 2D numerical experiments: (i) propagation of an excitation–contraction wave beyond the edge of a nonconductive nonexcitable obstacle; (ii) circulation of a re‐entry wave around a nonconductive nonexcitable obstacle. The simulations demonstrated that the delayed strain‐dependent deceleration of the conduction waves promotes the detachment of the excitation‐contraction waves from the sharp edge of an elongated obstacle and modulates the re‐entry waves rotating around a compact obstacle. The data show that the mechano‐electrical feedback, together with an increase in the stimulation frequency and an increase in the excitation threshold, is an arrhythmogenic factor that must be taken into account when analyzing the possibility of the re‐entry formation.