bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with weight loss by age among community-dwelling older people
Authors: Yano Tomoko , Godai Kayo , Kabayama Mai , Akasaka Hiroshi , Takeya Yasushi , Yamamoto Koichi , Yasumoto Saori , Masui Yukie , Arai Yasumichi , Ikebe Kazunori , Ishizaki Tatsuro , Gondo Yasuyuki , Rakugi Hiromi , Kamide Kei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Factors associated with weight loss in community-dwelling older people have been reported in several studies, but few studies have examined factors associated with weight loss by age groups. The purpose of this study was to clarify factors associated with weight loss by age in community-dwelling older people through a longitudinal study.
Methods: Participants in the SONIC study (Longitudinal Epidemiological Study of the Elderly) were community-dwelling people aged 70 or older. The participants were divided into two groups : 5% weight loss and maintenance groups, and compared. In addition, we examined factors affecting weight loss by age. The analysis method used was the χ2 test, and the t-test was used for comparison of the two groups. Factors associated with 5% weight loss at 3 years were examined using logistic regression analysis with sex, age, household, cognitive function, grip strength, and the serum albumin level as explanatory variables.
Results: Of the 1157 subjects, the proportions showing 5% weight loss after 3 years among all subjects, those aged 70 years, 80 years, and 90 years, were 20.5, 13.8, 26.8, and 30.5%, respectively. In logistic regression analysis, factors associated with 5% weight loss at 3 years by age were influenced by BMI of 25 or higher (OR=1.90, 95%CI=1.08-3.34, p =0.026), a married couple household (OR=0.49, 95%=0.28-0.86, p =0.013), serum albumin level below 3.8 g/dL (OR=10.75, 95%=1.90-60.73, p =0.007) at age 70, and the grip strength at age 90 (OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.02-1.51, p =0.034), respectively.
Conclusions: The results suggest that factors associated with weight loss by age in community-dwelling older people through a longitudinal study differ by age. In the future, this study will be useful to propose effective interventions to prevent factors associated with weight loss by age in community-dwelling older people.
The COVID-19 pandemic and alcohol consumption among adult population in Singapore: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Saing Chan Hang , Lin Ruixi , Oy Sreymom , Ung Mengieng , Yi Siyan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic may either increase or reduce substance use. This study examines the impact of the pandemic on changes in alcohol consumption in the adult population in Singapore.
Methods
We conducted this online survey between July and November 2020 among 264 adults. We employed bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with the intention to decrease alcohol use during the pandemic.
Results
The two-week pre- and post-COVID-19 prevalence of alcohol use were 53.3% and 50.2%, respectively. The Chi-square tests did not indicate any significant changes in the prevalence of alcohol use in both the total sample and across sociodemographic groups. In the multivariable logistic regression model, the odds of having no intention to decrease alcohol were significantly higher among participants holding at least a master’s degree than those with high school education or lower (AOR 3.90, 95% CI 1.62–9.42). The odds of not having the intention to decrease alcohol were significantly lower among the participants aged 45+ (AOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16–0.92) and the participants reported feeling active (AOR 0.49, 95% CI 0.26–0.91) than those aged 21–34 and those feeling less active, respectively.
Conclusions
This study did not find significant changes in alcohol consumption before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that the government restrictions might have had a limited impact on alcohol use. The findings highlight the need for community psychosocial support among young adults to avoid the risk of elevated alcohol use during the pandemic.
Analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia complicated by parapneumonic pleural effusion in elderly patients
Authors: Zhong Mingmei , Ni Ruiqin , Zhang Huizhen , Sun Yangyang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Bcckground:
Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients usually combine with parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE), and complicates the treatment of pneumonia. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients hospitalized with parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE) in elderly.
Methods
The clinical data of 132 elderly patients with CAP were retrospectively analyzed. 54 patients with PPE (PPE group) and 78 patients without PPE [NPPE (non parapneumonic pleural effusion) group] were included in this study. Clinical data, laboratory examination, treatment and other related indicators were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis will be used to explore the possible risk factors for PPE.
Results
PPE patients were significantly more likely to be older, comorbid with neurological diseases, occur chest tightness and lasting fever (t = − 2.351, χ༒ = 4.175, χ༒ = 14.103, t = − 2.242, P < 0.05). In contrast to NEEP patients, the total number of lymphocytes, serum albumin and blood sodium levels in PPE group were significantly lower (Z = − 2.634, t = 3.597, t = 2.153, all P < 0.05), blood D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher (Z = − 2.254, t = − 2.380, all P < 0.05), the CURB-65 score was significantly higher (t = -3.543, P = 0.001), the use rate of carbapenems or glycopeptides antibiotics was higher (χ༒ = 5.641, P = 0.018), the length of hospital stay was longer (t=-2.073, P = 0.04), and the in-hospital mortality of PPE patients was significantly higher (χ༒ = 12.551, P < 0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that chest tightness (OR = 3.964, 95%CI: 1.254 ~ 12.537, P = 0.019), long duration of fever (OR = 1.108, 95%CI: 1.009 ~ 1.217, P = 0.032), low serum albumin (OR = 0.876, 95%CI: 0.790 ~ 0.971, P = 0.012) and low blood sodium (OR = 0.896, 95%CI: 0.828 ~ 0.969, P = 0.006) were significant risk factors for elderly CAP patients combine with PPE.
Conclusion
A risk factor analysis was performed, elderly patients with CAP have a higher incidence of PPE, higher mortality and longer hospital stay. Chest tightness, long duration of fever, low serum albumin and low blood sodium are risk factors for PPE.
IoT implementation in smart tourism: a future study Approach
Authors: kaveh khadijeh , Nekooeezadeh Maryam , Alimohammadlou Moslem 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Future study is an approach that contributes the active directors in tourism field to prepare the ground to import smartening technologies e.g., Internet of Things (IoT) in tourism by long term planning and to help its growth and development. The present study aims to predict and identify the foremost effective factors and prepare Plausible and favorable futures in line with implementation of IoT to smarten tourism destinations at Fars province in Iran. The Fars Province is assumed as one of Iranian tourism poles. Data were collected in this study using methodologies of systematic review of literature, interview and questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the aid of Scenario Wizard and MICMAC software. The MICMAC results showed that 14 key variables played the main role in IoT implementation for smartening of tourism destination at Fars Province. In this study, two strong scenarios in the forward conditions are imagined, among which one scenario of promising and favorable conditions, and another scenario of intermediate and critical conditions are shown.
Diagnostic Performance of Different TI-RADS in the Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules in Comparison to and in Combination with a Computer-aided Diagnostic System
Authors: Jing Chen , yang keen , Huang Zhibin , Tang Shuzhen , Xu Jinfeng , Dong Fajin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background This retrospective study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of CAD and various TI-RADS applied by sonographers, and to assess if CAD can improve the diagnostic performance of sonographers. Methods 95 patients with a total of 150 thyroid nodules (TNs) were enrolled in the study. Three sonographers and the S-thyroid CAD system separately evaluated the thyroid images according to the TIRADS classification. Four mixed models were created using doctors’ classification and S-thyroid system evaluation (model1: Eu-TR4 + Eu-TR5 and risk, model2: Eu-TR4 + Eu-TR5 or risk, model3: Eu-TR5 and risk, model4: Eu-TR5 and risk) to investigate whether S-thyroid system could assist sonographers in feasibility diagnosis. Results The ICC values for S-thyroid CAD-based ACR-TIRADS and the sonographers-based ACR-TIRADS was 0.76. The ICCs for sonographers and CAD ultrasound features of TNs were 0.60 (shape), 0.77 (edge), 0 .61 (echo), 0.48 (calcification), and 0.46 (composition). Sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of Eu-TIRADS were higher, 90.47%, 92.42%, and 0.94, respectively. However, the differences in ROC curves between these three TI-RADS and the S-thyroid system ACR-TIRADS were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In the CAD, the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of risk assessment were higher than those of S-thyroid ACR-TIRADS (0.90, 90.48%, 82.82% vs 79.76%, 90.90%, 0.89). Among the mixed models 1–4, model 1 and model 3 had the higher AUC and PPV, respectively, 0.91 and 94% (model 1) and 0.90 and 96% (model 3). When two sonographers with different qualifications classified TNs using Eu-TRIADS, the AUC was 0.94 for both. Additionally, the AUC was higher in model 1 and model 3, 0.90 and 0.93, respectively. Conclusions C-TIRADS, ACR-TIRADS, Eu-TIRADS, and S-thyroid ACR-TIRADS are all effective in classifying TNs. S-thyroid CAD-based ACR-TIRADS and the sonographers-based ACR-TIRADS showed excellent interobserver agreement. CAD system may become an additional diagnostic method for the diagnosis of TNs and improve the diagnostic performance of less experienced sonographers.
Common Salt Aggravated Pathophysiology of Testosterone-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Adult Male Wistar Rat
Authors: Bello Idris Idowu , Omigbodun Akinyinka O. , Morhason-Bello Imran O 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a major health concern in men associated with lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual dysfunction. Recurrent inflammation, decreased apoptotic rate and oxidative stress are some of the theories that explain the pathophysiology of BPH. Common salt, a food additive, is known to cause systemic inflammation and redox imbalance, and may serve as potential risk factors for BPH development or progression. This study examined the effect of common salt intake on the pathophysiology of testosterone-induced BPH. Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (10 in each group): the control group and three salt diet groups-low salt diet (LSD), standard salt diet (SSD) and high salt diet (HSD). The rats were castrated, allowed to recuperate and placed on salt free diet (control), 0.25% salt diet (LSD), 0.5% salt diet (SSD) and 1.25% salt diet (HSD) for 60 daysad libitum.On day 33, BPH was induced in all the rats with daily injection of testosterone propionate (Testost®) for 28 days. The rats had overnight (12 hours) on day 60 and euthanized the following day in order to collect blood and prostate samples for biochemical, molecular and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses. Mean ± SD values were calculated and compared for significant difference with t-test (control and salt diet groups) and one-way ANOVA (in between salt diet groups) at p < 0.05. Results There was a significant rise in prostatic levels of IL-6, IL-8 and COX-2 in salt diet groups and moderate IHC staining of COX-2 in HSD group. The prostatic level of IL-17, IL-1β, PGE2, relative prostate weight and serum PSA levels were not statistically different. The concentrations of IGF-1, TGF-β were similar in all the groups but there was fold increase in Bcl-2 expression in salt diet groups-LSD (13.2), SSD (9.5) and HSD (7.9) and fold decrease in VEGF expression in LSD (-6.3), SSD (-5.1) and HSD (-14.1). Activity of SOD and concentration of nitric oxide increased in LSD and SSD groups, and SSD and HSD groups respectively. Activities of glutathione peroxidase and catalase, and concentration of NADPH and hydrogen peroxide were not significantly different. IHC result showed positive immunostaining for iNOS expression in all the groups whereas histopathology revealed moderate to severe prostate hyperplasia in salt diet groups. Conclusions There is a relationship between dietary salt intake and risk testosterone-induced BPH in Wistar rats, possibly, by promoting inflammation, oxidative stress, and suppressing apoptosis. These results reveal that intake of dietary salt at low, standard and high quantity aggravated the pathophysiology of testosterone-induced BPH in Wistar rats by promoting inflammation, oxidative stress, and suppressing apoptosis.
Unusual gingival actinomycosis post allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplant: case report
Authors: Bruno Julia Stephanie , Miranda-Silva Wanessa , Heidrich Vitor , Goncalves Marianne de Castro , Novis Yana , Rodrigues-Arrais Celso , Camargo Anamaria Aranha , Fregnani Eduardo Rodrigues 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) is used to treat several hematological diseases, but immunosuppression during allo-HSCT facilitates opportunistic microbial growth in tissues, such as actinomycosis. An effective diagnosis of opportunistic diseases is essential for correct management of the disease and preservation of the immunosuppressed patient’s life.

Case description

A 57-year-old female patient was diagnosed with extranodal nasal type NK/T cell lymphoma and underwent curative treatment with allo-HSCT. Twenty-one days after the last clinical follow-up, the patient presented a necrotizing lesion in the papilla region between the first and second molars of the second quadrant. Histopathological analysis showed the presence of a bacterial cluster consistent with Actinomyces infection, and a dense lymphoid infiltrate was also observed. Immunohistochemistry for CD20, CD3, and CD56 was performed to exclude the possibility of the recurrence of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma. Oral microbiota profiling showed a huge increase in the abundance of Actinomyces bacteria in the subgingival region three weeks prior to appearance of the lesion.

Conclusions

Opportunistic infections with an unusual clinical appearance are confounding factors in therapeutic decision-making. We present for the first time a case of actinomycosis in the gingival papilla region following allo-HSCT. We also highlight how microbiota profiling through next-generation sequencing could be used to anticipate bacterial infection diagnosis.
Oligogenic inheritance in severe adult obesity
Authors: Almansoori Sumaya , Alsters Suzanne , Yiorkas Andrianos , Hashim Nikman Adli Nor , Walters Robin , Chahal Harvinder , Purkayastha Sanjay , Lessan Nader , Blakemore Alexandra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The genetic architecture of extreme non-syndromic obesity in adults remains to be elucidated. A range of genes are known to cause monogenic obesity but, even when pathogenic mutations are present, there may be variable penetrance. Here, we present a family where initial discovery of a proband with a mutation in SH2B1 could have led to inaccurate genetic counselling. Whole exome sequencing (WES) of the parents revealed an apparently oligogenic mode of inheritance, with rare mutations in POGZ and MBD5 also segregating in this trio. Subsequent reanalysis of WES data from 91 unrelated adults with severe obesity revealed two other patients who carried more than one rare, predicted-deleterious mutation. In all three cases, the genes involved had known autosomal dominant inheritance, with incomplete penetrance. We caution clinicians and researchers to avoid confining their analysis to individual genes and, in particular, not to stop looking when the first potentially-causative mutation is found.
Low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation and autologous conjunctival transplantation for pterygium excision.
Authors: Song Zhen , Jin Xin , Zhu Rui , Wang Jingrao , Zhang Hong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background/Aims:

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation combined with autologous conjunctival transplantation for pterygium excision.
Methods: In order to verify the safety of low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation, we conducted animal experiments to observe corneal structure by anterior segment photography, anterior optical coherence tomography, HE staining and immunohistochemistry(MMP-9,TNF-a) before and after corneal burning at different ablation energies (20, 15, 10, 0J/cm2)and different point in time(0,3d,1w,2w). Then, we observed preoperative and postoperative treatment effect of 121 eyes of 120 patients with primary pterygium from June 2018 to June 2020. 59 patients treated with pterygium excision and autologous conjunctival transplantation, 61 patients treated with pterygium excision by low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation and autologous conjunctival transplantation. The time to strip the pterygium, the integrity of the cornea and the number of inflammatory cell infiltration were observed and recorded. All patients were followed up for 18 months to observe whether the pterygium recurred.
Results: The animal experiment confirmed that suitable low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation energies has no damage to the corneal tissue structure. Only one case recurred during the year of follow-up. Low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation can reduce the time to strip the pterygium, can better maintain the integrity of the damaged cornea and reduce the number of inflammatory cell infiltration, can reduce recurrence rate.
Conclusions: Low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation combined with autologous conjunctival transplantation is an safety and effective pterygium excision.
User Selection Scheme based on Reference Frames
Authors: Li Meihui , Huang Yi , Wang Haiquan , Zhao Zhijin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

For a multi-user (MU) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, its total throughput is directly related to the degree of mutual interference among user's channel vectors accessing the communication system. Selecting a group of users with the least mutual interference can maximize the total throughput, and thus, it is important to select users with low-mutual correlations. The paper designs two effective MU selection schemes with low-complexity. Specifically, based on channel characteristic, reference frames with low correlation are contructed. Then, the user whose channel is nearby an vector in the reference frame is selected, and different selected users are close to different vectors in the reference frame. Consequently, it can guarantee that the selected users have low mutual correlations. Comparing to the existing user selection schemes, the proposed algorithms exhibit better performance. Moreover, the schemes are more flexible, that is, the schemes can be applied into different environments, such as different number of antennas at base station (BS), different candidates, different number of selected users etc, based on different reference frames.
Efficacy of combined transbronchial lung cryobiopsy and conventional forceps biopsy for lung malignancies: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Kinoshita Kohei , Morikawa Kei , Tsuruoka Hajime , Chosokabe Motohiro , Kida Hirotaka , Handa Hiroshi , Inoue Takeo , Miyazawa Tomoyuki , Saji Hisashi , Mineshita Masamichi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background and objective: There are few prospective reports of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) for malignant tumors in combination with forceps biopsy. We investigated the clinical parameters in which TBLC is superior to forceps biopsy.
Methods: This is a prospective cohort study to analyse the efficacy of TBLC for suspected malignancy. TBLC was performed after brushing cytology and forceps biopsy, and the diagnostic yield for TBLC, brushing cytology, and forceps biopsy were examined. Adverse events were defined as those requiring additional procedures. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis was performed in each case of non-small cell lung cancer. Registry: UMIN-CTR (identifier: UMIN000039618)
Results: Of the 100 patients, malignancy was confirmed in 94 cases. The diagnostic yield for TBLC/forceps biopsy/brushing cytology was 86/81/82% respectively, while the diagnostic yield for all procedures combined was 94%. There was no significant difference in the diagnostic yield between TBLC and forceps biopsy. When comparing the biopsy site, the diagnostic yield for TBLC at the lower lobe was significantly higher than forceps biopsy (P<0.01). Endobronchial ultrasonography imaging using a guide-sheath did not significantly differ in the diagnostic yield of TBLC. The success rate of NGS for TBLC specimens was 100% (26 cases). Adverse events included two cases of severe bleeding.
Conclusion: TBLC of peripheral lesions may improve the diagnostic yield when combined with forceps biopsy and brushing cytology. The diagnostic yield of TBLC was higher at the lower lobes. Furthermore, TBLC provided sufficient specimen quality for NGS.
A new protective gel to facilitate ulcer healing in artificial ulcers following esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection: A multicenter, randomized trial
Authors: Zhou Tianyu , Mao Xinli , Xu Lei , Jin Haifeng , Cen Li , Dong Caijuan , Xin Linying , Wu Jiali , Lin Weimiao , Lv Bin , Ji Feng , Yu Chaohui , Shen Zhe 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
There are significant risks of adverse events such as stricture, delayed bleeding and perforation following esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). So, it is necessary to protect the artificial ulcer and promote the healing process. This study was performed to investigate the protective role of a novel gel against esophageal ESD-associated wounds. It was a multicenter, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial, which recruited participants who underwent esophageal ESD in four hospitals in China. Participants were randomly assigned to the control or experimental group in a 1:1 ratio and the gel was used after ESD in the latter. Masking of the study group allocations was only attempted for participants. The participants were instructed to report any adverse events on post-ESD day 1, 14, and 30. Moreover, repeat endoscopy was performed at the two-week follow-up to confirm wound healing. Finally, of the 92 recruited patients, 81 completed the study. In the experimental group, the healing rates were significantly higher than the control group (83.89 ± 9.51% vs. 73.28 ± 17.81%, P = 0.0013). Participants reported no severe adverse events during the follow-up period. In conclusion, this novel gel could accelerate wound healing following esophageal ESD safely, effectively, and conveniently. Therefore, we recommend to apply this gel in daily clinical practice.