bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Teacher staffing levels on quality of education in public day secondary schools in Embu County, Kenya
Authors: Mbogo Simon Muchira , Khatete Ibrahim , Akala Winston 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Amongst all educational personnel it is teachers who arguably play the central role of giving purpose to the learners and enthuse in them the drive to work hard so as to succeed in in life. By virtue of this vital function, number of teachers and their qualifications are key determinants of student’s test scores, completion rates, enrollment rates, repetition and dropout rates as indicators of quality of education. The study envisioned to examine the influence of teacher staffing levels on quality of education in public day secondary schools in Embu County, Kenya. The study used correlational research design and targeted 192 principals, 1743 teachers and 35124 students from all the 192 public secondary schools in Embu County. Schools were stratified into the five Sub-Counties of Embu County. Public day secondary schools were purposefully sampled followed by another purposeful sampling of form four students. The study used a sample of 516 individuals comprising of 35 school principals, 97 teachers and 384 students. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedule and an observation checklist. The SPSS software was used to aid in data analysis. The study revealed that teacher staffing levels had strong correlation with quality of education. Chi-square statistics computed at α=0.05 established a significant relationship between number of teachers and quality of education. The findings of the study revealed that public day secondary schools were understaffed pursuant to the curriculum based establishment. The study recommended that the government through the teacher service commission should employ more teachers to alleviate the shortage of teachers
The Influence of Parents’ Mutual Support on the Socialization of Children with Special Needs in Rehabilitation Centres: Neuropsychological Aspects
Authors: Sarancha Iryna , Maksymchuk Borys , Kharchenko Sergey , Linnik Yurii , Dovbnia Sofiia , Pavelkiv Vitaliy , Maksymchuk Iryna , Shakhina Iryna , Saienko Volodymyr , Bashtovenko Oksana , Silaiev Vitalii , Radovenchyk Anastasiia , Zhytomyrskyi Leonid 
Published: December 2022

The article presents theoretical and methodological aspects of social support for families with adolescents with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in rehabilitation centres. In particular, it describes the process and results from the implementation of the author’s work with mutual support groups of parents of adolescents with MSDs. The article aims to determine and quasi-experimentally verify the methods of rehabilitation of individuals with MSDs and prove their effectiveness in rehabilitation centres with the involvement of parents. During the implementation of the programme, social work with families in centres for social rehabilitation of children with MSDs consists of the following main areas: family therapy, family psychoprophylaxis, providing social assistance to families, mediation in resolving family conflicts, family counselling, social and pedagogical work with families. The content and forms of social and pedagogical work with the family are determined by a group of the following factors: a family type, problems in the family; areas of professional training of the specialist providing services to the family. The quasi-experimental group (EG) consists of 40 leavers from the Vinnytsia Centre for Social Rehabilitation of Children with Special Needs “Promin”, who are diagnosed with cerebral palsy, and six leavers with mild mental disorders. The control group (CG) consists of 40 individuals diagnosed with cerebral palsy and seven individuals with mild mental disorders. The age requirement for EG is 14-19 years old. The formative experiment also involves 27 parents of children with MSDs. The measures taken during the experiment have contributed to developing the skills of conscious psychological separation from constant parental care, taking responsibility for their lives, setting real-life goals and destroying the position of helplessness in individuals with MSDs. The article shows that a set of causes and factors affecting families’ well-being positively or negatively determines the interpersonal relationships and the traditions of family education. The international relevance of the article lies in the effective combination of social support for families with adolescents with MSDs in rehabilitation centres and parents’ involvement. The author’s methodology forms the basis for the new aspects of synergistic family and institutional rehabilitation and support.
Factors, associated with effective control of arterial hypertension in the general working-age population
Authors: Kaveshnikov V. S. , Trubacheva I. A. , Serebryakova V. N. 
Published: December 2022

Objective. To analyze determinants and their contribution to efficiency of arterial hypertension (AH) control in the hypertensive population.Design and methods. In the cross-sectional study a total of 334 men and 436 women derived from a representative sample of the general population aged 25–64 years, meeting criteria for AH, were examined. All subjects signed voluntary informed consent to participate in the study. A standard questionnaire based on adapted international methods was used. The associative analysis included sets of socioeconomic, behavioral, psychosocial, medical and biological variables. We used univariable (χ2, Fisher exact test, Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney test) and multivariable statistics (logistic regression). Effective AH control was considered in case of blood pressure (BP) < 140/90 mm Hg. Probabilities of error < 5% were considered statistically significant.Results. Irrespective of gender, use of hypotensive drugs was the most influential factor in ensuring effective control of AH in the population. A major barrier to reaching target BP levels in women was the number of current metabolic risk factors (RF). Age (more significant in men), general obesity (both sexes), history of kidney disease (men), elevated glucose and triglycerides (women) were also associated with ineffective AH control. Angiotensine receptor blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), sympatholytics/ spasmolythics in men and ACEI, beta-blockers and diuretics (at moderate or higher affluence only) in women were associated with a higher probability of reaching BP targets. Knowledge of cholesterol level (both sexes), cardiovascular disease, use of statins, reduced quality of life (difficulty with daily activities), sedentary working activity and affluence in men were also associated with effective control of BP.Conclusions. The data obtained demonstrate that with an increase in the coverage of the hypertensive population with antihypertensive treatment, an increase in the proportion of people reaching the target BP levels may be significant, but still the most important issue is the treatment efficiency. The need to correct behavioral factors that lead to the development of metabolic disorders, especially obesity, but also other RF, remains the most challenging issue in this regard. The findings convince us that it is advisable to take measures to increase awareness of the main cardiovascular disease RF, to involve patients more in controlling their RF, to prescribe statins more frequently, to create conditions for taking antihypertensive drugs in the so-called “mobile” types of working activity, to keep developing infrastructure for mass participation of population in sport activities, and to improve economic conditions.
Prognostic significance of gender and sexual risk factors in the development of arterial hypertension in an organized population
Authors: Bastrikov O. Yu. , Grigoricheva E. A. , Isaeva E. R. 
Published: December 2022

Relevance. Persistent high levels of morbidity and mortality of the working-age population from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in Russia require the search for new targets for screening programs and subsequent development of evidence-based prevention models in organized populations showing their clinical and economic effectiveness in long-term prospective follow-up.Objective. To carry out a comprehensive assessment of the prognostic factors of arterial hypertension (AH) according to the data of 8-year prospective study of an organized sample taking into account gender and sex characteristics.Design and methods. We conducted a two-stage study: a one-stage integral study of an organized population (400 people) followed by a prospective 8-year follow-up of a group of relatively healthy subjects without clinical manifestations of CVD (193 people aged 21 to 64 years, mean age 49,0 [42,0; 58,0], of whom men 48,2%). Stage I indicators under study: sociodemographic characteristics; clinical and physical findings; behavioral factors; family history of early CVD; occupational interview and degree of work stress; psychological characteristics; biochemical indices of stress response; cardiovascular remodeling indices. Stage II indicators under study: newly diagnosed cases of AH.Results. The pattern of prognostic factors for AH depended on gender. Among women, prognostic factors for 8-year incidence of AH were: marital status (widow) (Hazard ratio (HR) 10,1), diastolic blood pressure level (HR1,1), and physical activity outside work (HR0,3). In men, in addition to behavioral (smoking history, HR1,1) and clinical (high normal blood pressure, HR4,1) factors, there was also an independent contribution of a psychological factor (personality anxiety, HR6,5).Conclusions. Our findings substantiate the need for a poly-professional approach (physician-internistpsychiatrist-medical psychologist) to the prevention of CVD in the studied organized population, taking into account gender-specific features.
Research of the rs11064153 variant of the SCNN1A gene in patients with arterial hypertension and in healthy people in the Trans-Baikal
Authors: Pokoeva Z. A. , Pushkarev B. S. , Bolshakova O. V. , Ilyamakova N. A. , Vitkovsky Yu. A. 
Published: December 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate the putative association of the rs11064153 variant of the SCNN1A sodium channel gene with arterial hypertension (AH) among patients suffering from AH and relatively healthy people in the Trans-Baikal Territory.Design and methods. The present study included 106 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of AH. All participants were included in the study after signing informed consent. The control group consisted of 98 practically healthy people. The groups were comparable in age: the average age in the group with primary AH was 45 ± 9,7 years, in the control group— 42,5 ± 5,8 years. The number of men in group 1 was 73,6% (78/106), in group 2–55,1% (54/98) of the total number of cases (Chi-square = 7,62, df = 1, p < 0,005). Molecular genetics typing of the studied genes was carried out. SNPs of the sodium channel genes SCNN1A (rs11064153) were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. We have evaluated the subordination of the distribution of genotypes of samples to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, χ2 -test, and also estimated the odds ratio (OR).Results. Carriage of the T/T genotype in the group of patients with AH was more frequent than in the control group (97,4% and 86,6%, respectively; χ2 = 8,60, p = 0,01). Thus, carriage of the T/T genotype of the SCNN1A gene increased the likelihood of AH in patients (OR = 2,27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1,29–4,01, p = 0,01). Among patients, the T allele was detected 1,5 times more often with a frequency of 0,78 compared with the group of healthy individuals — 0,22 (χ2 = 7,28; p = 0,007). The C/C genotype was detected only in three patients from the AH group (2,8%) and in seven patients from the control group (7,1%). It was found that the C allele of the SCNN1А gene (rs11064153) 5 times less often than in the control group, and its frequency was 0,22 versus 0,34, respectively (χ2 = 7,28, p = 0,007). The carriage of the C allele (C/C+T/C genotypes) is associated with a lower incidence in patients with AH (OR = 0.54; 95% CI 0,35–0,85, p = 0,007). In the samples examined by us, the carriage of the C allele reduced the likelihood of AH by 2,3 times.Conclusions. We have found that the T allele and the T/T genotype of the rs11064153 variant of the SCNN 1A gene increase the likelihood of developing hypertension. Carrying allele C and the C/C SCNN1A genotype (rs11064153) reduces the likelihood of developing AH.
CPI Special Issue: "Posthumanism: A Desire for a New Humanity" (Introduction)
Authors: Fairchild Nikki , Lee Carol , Sidebottom Kay 
Published: December 2022

Introduction to the Summer 2022 (Volume 14, No. 1) Special Isssue of Cultural and Pedigogical Inquiry with the guest editors Nikki Fairchild, Carol Lee and Kay Sidebottom. This is Part I of a double special issue that is grounded in the tenets, perspectives and the assumptions of posthumanism.
Tribute to Dr. Mavis Burke (September 10, 1928 - July 7, 2022)
Authors: Lee Enid , DePass Cecille 
Published: December 2022

Tribute to prominant educator, Dr. Mavis Burke who passed away July 7, 2022 by Multicultural Educator Dr. Enid Lee and by Cecille Depasse, Professor Emeritis and Co Editor of CPI.
Nazwy blogów a norma ortograficzna w zakresie stosowania wielkich i małych liter
Authors: Banach Agnieszka 
Published: December 2022

W niniejszym artykule analizie poddany został sposób zapisu nazw polskich blogów tematycznych w kontekście stosowania wielkich i małych liter. Ich autorzy sięgają po jedną z pięciu opcji: zapis zgodny z polską normą ortograficzną — pierwszy człon wielką literą, zapis zgodny z angielską normą ortograficzną — wszystkie człony wielkimi literami, złamanie wszystkich zasad ortograficznych — wszystkie człony małymi literami, zapis wszystkich członów wersalikami lub zapis nieszablonowy. Ukazuje to brak jednoznacznych reguł dotyczących pisowni w przestrzeni wirtualnej. W artykule podjęto również próbę wskazania motywacji blogerów oraz funkcji, jakie mogą pełnić poszczególne formy zapisu.
Przekroczenie normy językowej w memach internetowych jako strategia perswazji
Authors: Wójcicka Marta 
Published: December 2022

Mem internetowy to funkcjonujący przede wszystkim w przestrzeni internetu multimodalny gatunek mowy, oparty na intertekstualności, wielokrotnie powielany i rozprzestrzeniany (Wójcicka 2019: 24), który pełni głównie funkcje perswazyjno-ludyczne. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza: 1) memów, których tematem jest przekroczenie normy językowej przez bohaterów memu, oraz 2) zasad tworzenia memów ukazujących przekroczenie normy językowej przez aktorów sceny politycznej lub zwykłych obywateli. Artykuł stanowi próbę odpowiedzi na pytania: 1) Jakie elementy językowe spoza przyjętej normy (zarówno wzorcowej, jak i użytkowej) są ukazywane w memach? 2) Jaki obraz bohatera wyłania się z jego wypowiedzi usytuowanych poniżej normy językowej? 3) Jaki autowizerunek kreuje nadawca memu, piętnując nieprawidłowe użycie języka przez bohatera? 4) Jakie są funkcje memów ukazujących wypowiedzi spoza normy językowej?
ENGELLİ SAĞLIK KURULU RAPORU (ESKR) OLAN ÇOCUKLARIN AİLELERİNİN ÇOCUKLAR İÇİN ÖZEL GEREKSİNİM RAPORU (ÇÖZGER) SÜRECİNDE BİLDİRDİĞİ DENEYİM FARKLILIKLARI
Authors: ÖZALP AKIN Ezgi , SANDIKÇI İSKENDERLİ Hale , ATASOY Sıdıka Canan , YAĞBASAN Betül , KELEŞ Cansu , BİNGÖLLER PEKCİCİ Emine Bahar 
Published: December 2022

Giriş: Engelli Sağlık Kurulu Raporu (ESKR) Yönetmeliği bilimsel, hukuki ve etik sorunları ve çocukları erişkinlerle aynı yöntemle değerlendirmesi nedeniyle kaldırılmış, Çocuklar için Özel Gereksinim Raporu (ÇÖZGER) Yönetmeliği yürürlüğe girmiştir. Her iki Yönetmelik ile rapor almış çocukların ailelerinin deneyim farklılıkları bilinmemektedir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel desendeki araştırmaya 20.02.2019-20.07.2019 tarihleri arasında Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı Gelişimsel Pediatri Bilim Dalı’nda (AÜGPBD) ÇÖZGER, öncesinde ESKR raporu alan çocukların aileleri dahil edilmiş, ÇÖZGER aldıktan üç ay sonra araştırmacı tarafından aile telefon ile aranarak ÇÖZGER ve önceki ESKR süreçlerindeki deneyimleri yarı-yapılandırılmış bir görüşme ile öğrenilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırma süresince AÜGPBD’da ÇÖZGER düzenlenen 661 çocuktan 110’unun daha önce ESKR’si olup ailesine ulaşılan 104 (%94,5) çocuk araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur (%53,8 kız, yaş ortancaları:4,7 yıl, dağılım:8 ay- 17,7 yıl). Çocukların %99’unun farklı sistemlerde kronik hastalığı bulunmaktadır. Çoğu annenin (%73,1) eğitim düzeyi 12 yılın altında ve çalışmamaktadır (%77,9). Ailelerden %68,3’ü ESKR, %9,6’sı ÇÖZGER ile ilgili sorun yaşadığını bildirmiştir. ESKR sürecinde sorunların nedenlerini ailelerin %35,6’si rapor sürecinin uzunluğu, %33,7’si ESKR yönetmeliğinde çocukların tanısının bulunmaması %20,2’si “ağır engelli” tanımıyla çocuğunu damgalanmış hissetmesi, %9,6’sı çocuğunun yaşının küçük olması nedeniyle gelişiminin değerlendirilmemesi, %6,7’si hastane sekreteryasının konsültasyonlara karar vermesi olarak bildirmiş; %19,2’si ESKR’ye yasal olarak itiraz etmiştir. ÇÖZGER sürecinde ailelerin %4,8’i ÇÖZGER’deki gereksinim düzeylerinin rehberlik araştırma merkezleri (RAM) ve %3,8’i kaymakamlıkta anlaşılmaması, %2,0’ı rapor sürecinin uzunluğu ve %1,0’ı RAM e-rapor sisteminde gereksinim düzeyinin görülmemesini sorun bildirmiştir. Örneklemin %37,5’i daha önce ESKR ile araçta vergi indirimi, engelli aylığı gibi sosyal haklardan yararlanamıyorken ÇÖZGER ile bu haklara ulaştığını bildirmiştir.
Sonuç: Araştırmamız özel gereksinimi olan çocuklar ve ailelerinin ESKR Yönetmeliği döneminde önemli sorunlar yaşadığını ve ÇÖZGER Yönetmeliği ile önceki yönetmelikte saptanan sorunların tamamına yakını ortadan kalktığını göstermektedir. ÇÖZGER sürecindeki az sayıda sorun bu alandaki sağlık çalışanları, RAM ve yerel yönetimlerin bilgi yetersizliğine işaret etmekte, acil olarak gerekli düzenlemelerin ve eğitimlerin yapılması gerekmektedir.
ISLAM IN EGGONLAND: A Survey into Its Development and Prospects
Authors: Sule Mohammed Maga 
Published: December 2022

Little has so far been discussed or written about Islam and Muslims in Eggonland. This is in marked contrast to other ethnic groups in the state which share similar characteristics being a Muslim community that attracted attention from scholars of either Muslim or non-Muslim. The aim is paper is to ascertain the Islam in Eggonland Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. It has been found that unlike the Erro Eggon clan which have almost 97% of its population being Muslims, Muslim population are not many as that of the Eggon Erro especially among the Anzo, Eholo clan, and it is only in communities that belong to Eggon Erro that large proportion of Muslims communities are found. This paper attempts to provide the much-lacking information on the spread and development of Islam in Eggonland. The paper discussed the coming of Islam, the means through which Islamization process took place and the establishment of Muslim communities in Eggonland, it also shows to the world true picture of Islam among the Eggon people. Detail attention has been given to the factors which contributed to the spread of Islamic teachings in Eggonland including the role of Muslim scholars, both within and outside Eggonland, Muslim organisations, etc. Equally important in this paper is the contributions of Muslim organizations in the development of Islamic education in Eggonland where schools that combine both Islamic and Western education were established. The paper sum up that, the prospects of Islam lies in the devotion of young generation to the learning of Islamic knowledge in Eggonland with the establishment of formal Islamic schools that produces Da’is who can speak the Eggon language fluently. The paper adopted qualitative methodology and desk review where In-depth Interview were conducted with few personalities to obtain data for the research
Comparison of Functional Recovery Between Unicompartmental and Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Pongcharoen Boonchana , Liengwattanakol Pongsathorn , Boontanapibul Krit 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Comparisons of functional recovery between unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using performance-based tests are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to compare 2-minute walk test (2MWT) and Timed Up-and-Go test (TUG) results between UKA and TKA for isolated medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that UKA yields faster functional recovery than TKA as measured with the 2MWT and TUG.

Methods:
We conducted a randomized controlled trial comparing medial UKA and TKA in patients with isolated medial knee OA. A total of 110 patients were enrolled; after 11 exclusions, 99 patients (50 UKA, 49 TKA) were included in the final analysis. The patients were tested using the 2MWT and TUG preoperatively and at 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months, and 1 and 2 years postoperatively. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were also evaluated. The mean 2MWT, TUG, and PROM results were compared between groups at each time point.

Results:
The mean 2MWT distance after UKA was significantly longer than that after TKA at 6 weeks (96.5 ± 22.6 m for UKA compared with 81.1 ± 19.1 m for TKA; difference, 18 m [95% confidence interval (CI),10.4 to 25.6 m]; p < 0.001), 3 months (102.1± 24.4 compared with 87.5 ± 22.3 m; difference, 14.7 m [95% CI, 5.4 to 24.0 m]; p = 0.002), and 6 months (102.8 ± 16.2 compared with 89.6 ± 15.3 m; difference, 13.2 m [95% CI, 6.9 to 19.5 m]; p < 0.001). The values at 1 and 2 years were similar after UKA and TKA. The mean TUG after UKA was also significantly shorter than that after TKA at 6 weeks and 3 months. The mean PROMs were similar after both treatments, with the exception of the Oxford Knee Score and subscales of the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score at 6 weeks and 3 months postoperatively.

Conclusions:
The 2MWT indicated that UKA for isolated medial knee OA enabled faster recovery than TKA did at 6 weeks to 6 months, and earlier recovery was also seen with the TUG at 6 weeks to 3 months. The 2MWT and TUG results after UKA and TKA were similar to one another at 1 and 2 years.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.