bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eutrophication accelerated the phylogenetic evolution of Daphnia sinensis in Lake Chaohu based on palaeogenetic records
Authors: Wang Wenping , Yang Dongqing , Cao Lei , Zhang Kun , Xu Xiaoxue , Zhang Yu , Deng Daogui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Increasing human activity and environmental changes have a complex impact on the evolutionary histories of most biomes. How environmental changes affect genetic evolution of wild populations has become a frequent research theme of biological ecology. Molecular techniques, in conjunction with palaeogenetics, facilitate understanding of the relationship between the genetic structure of wild populations and environmental change. In this study, genes encoding 16S rRNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and Na+/K+ ATPase were used as molecular markers to reconstruct changes in the temporal population genetic structure of Daphnia sinensis based on the analysis of resting eggs from the sediment layers in Lake Chaohu. The genetic variation of the 16S rRNA, COI, ITS, and Na+/K+ ATPase genes of D. sinensis comprised 0–0.7%, 0–2.5%, 0–9.7%, and 0–15.4%, respectively, and was significantly affected by the total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents. The evolutionary molecular clock analysis predicted that sequences in different layers diverged over the time of 1.3–1.6 million years, which greatly exceeded the real age of the sediment (60 years). Phylogenetic analysis showed that genetic variation of the 16S rRNA gene occurred the earliest, and the ITS gene had the highest genetic variation. Up to 32% of the Na+/K+ ATPase gene variation was explained by differences in the total phosphorus content. Moreover, we found evidence that high phosphorus levels may have triggered the directional selection of the Na+/K+ ATPase gene loci. Our results help to understand better the microevolution of cladoceran populations in eutrophic lakes.

Graphic abstract
Insights into VTE risk in trauma patients: an observational study in an Irish trauma patient population
Authors: Bassa Bibi Ayesha , Little Elizabeth , Keefe Francis O. , Áinle Fionnuala Ní , Breslin Tomás , Passos Valeria Lima 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The rate of VTE in trauma patients varies significantly in the reported literature. We aimed to determine the incidence of VTE in trauma patients in a trauma-receiving hospital over a 7-year period. We sought to evaluate the timing and nature of VTE events and explore the patterns of co-occurrence between PE and DVT, while factoring in clinical care and death outcome.

Methods
Retrospective review of consecutive trauma patients ≥ 18 years admitted between January 2014 and December 2020. Data were extracted from the TARN database, picture archiving and communication system, and hospital records. The primary outcome was VTE incidence. Latent class analysis was used to uncover cross combinations of clinical management and VTE outcomes, yielding subgroups of trauma patients. Subgroups were compared for demographic and clinical characteristics.

Findings
Seventy-three VTE were observed—incidence of 0.0036 cases/people-year (95% CI 0.0 to 3.69). VTE ( +) group consisted mostly of males (75%), had an advanced age, had higher injury severity scores, and had increased length of stay. Most patients (64%) developed a PE only. Most DVT (64%) were proximal. Two subgroups had a high probability of PE/low probability of DVT and two a high probability of DVT/low-to-moderate probability of PE. Subgroup comparisons showed differences in the clinical characteristics which were statistically inconclusive.

Conclusion
This is the largest study of VTE incidence in Irish trauma patients and the first to delineate VTE risk in a trauma population. These findings urge reconsideration of VTE risk in trauma patients and implementation of prevention strategies.
Unmasking sentiments: a netnographic exploration of public discourse on facemasks during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy
Authors: Costa Sara , Liste Lucía , Carrus Giuseppe 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic was marked by widespread uncertainty, and social media emerged as a dominant form of social interaction during lockdowns and physical distancing. These platforms have become powerful tools for assessing and monitoring macroscale trends in public discourse, offering valuable insights into societal dynamics during this time. This study contributes to the understanding of the evolving public sentiment in Italy during various phases of the COVID-19 crisis. Through a netnographic content analysis of a sample of one thousand Italian tweets, we discerned fluctuating trust in the government, oscillating from low to high and back. We posit that these shifts may not solely be attributed to governmental communication styles (e.g., increases or decreases in transparency and clarity) but may also be influenced by the collectively negotiated psychological states of individuals during varying phases of the crisis. These findings may shed light on the complexities of public sentiment during crises and offer important insights for policymakers and public health officials dealing with future critical events.
Incidental findings from cone-beam computed tomography in children and adolescents: a systematic review
Authors: Vogiatzi T. , Papageorgiou S. N. , Silikas N. , Walsh T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The use of cone-beam computed tomographies (CBCT) in orthodontics and pediatric dentistry is constantly increasing. The aim of this systematic review was to critically appraise and summarize evidence from clinical studies on the prevalence of incidental findings from CBCTs of children and adolescents.

Methods
Systematic literature searches without restrictions were undertaken in eight databases from inception up to March 2024 for studies reporting on incidental findings from CBCT images of children and adolescents. After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment with a custom tool based on the Joanna Briggs institute’s tool for prevalence studies, qualitative (narrative) data synthesis was performed.

Results
Ten studies covering a total of 1818 patients (48.5% male; average age 12.3 years) were included. The prevalence of incidental findings ranged from 0.4 to 80.3%, but high heterogeneity was seen between studies (I
2 = 99%). Incidental findings were most often related to airways (63.7%), followed by bone (23.6%), teeth (19.2), spine (26.2) and temporomandibular joint (3.8%). However, several methodological issues existed with included studies (incomplete reporting of patient- or CBCT-related details, incomplete categorization and reporting on the severity of findings, small sample sizes, and research transparency issues).

Conclusion
Evidence indicates that incidental findings can be often found in the CBCTs of child and adolescent patients. However, when a CBCT image is justified for children or adolescents, it should be adequately assessed for incidental findings by either a specialist oral and maxillofacial radiologist or a dentist with appropriate training and experience.
The Wiener Index and the Wiener Complexity of the Zero-Divisor Graph of a Ring
Authors: Dolžan David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We calculate the Wiener index of the zero-divisor graph of a finite semisimple ring. We also calculate the Wiener complexity of the zero-divisor graph of a finite simple ring and find an upper bound for the Wiener complexity in the semisimple case.
A registered report on presentation factors that influence the attraction effect
Authors: Hasan Eeshan , Liu Yanjun , Owens Nicole , Trueblood Jennifer S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Context effects occur when the preference between two alternatives is affected by the presence of an extra alternative. These effects are some of the most well studied phenomena in multi-alternative, multi-attribute decision making. Recent research in this area has revealed an intriguing pattern of results. On the one hand, these effects are robust and ubiquitous. That is, they have been demonstrated in many domains and different choice settings. On the other hand, they are fragile and they disappear or even reverse under different conditions. This pattern of results has spurred debate and speculation about the cognitive mechanisms that drive these choices. The attraction effect, where the preference for an option increases in the presence of a dominated decoy, has generated the most controversy. In this registered report, we systematically vary factors that are known to be associated with the attraction effect to build a solid foundation of empirical results to aid future theory development. We find a robust attraction effect across the different conditions. The strength of this effect is modulated by the display order (e.g., decoy top, target middle, competitor bottom) and mode (numeric vs. graphical) but not display layout (by-attribute vs. by-alternative).
Decoupling Visualization and Testing when Presenting Confidence Intervals
Authors: Armstrong David A. , Poirier William 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Confidence intervals are ubiquitous in the presentation of social science models, data, and effects. When several intervals are plotted together, one natural inclination is to ask whether the estimates represented by those intervals are significantly different from each other. Unfortunately, there is no general rule or procedure that would allow us to answer this question from the confidence intervals alone. It is well known that using the overlaps in 95% confidence intervals to perform significance tests at the 0.05 level does not work. Recent scholarship has developed and refined a set of tools for inferential confidence intervals that permit inference on confidence intervals with the appropriate type I error rate in many different bivariate contexts. These are all based on the same underlying idea of identifying the multiple of the standard error (i.e., a new confidence level) such that the overlap in confidence intervals matches the desired type I error rate. These procedures remain stymied by multiple simultaneous comparisons. We propose an entirely new procedure for developing inferential confidence intervals that decouples the testing and visualization that can overcome many of these problems in any visual testing scenario. We provide software in R and Stata to accomplish this goal.
Cosmopolitan dramaturgies from contemporary China: Li Jing’s Daxiansheng
Authors: Stecher Anna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Since 2013, the female playwright Li Jing has presented to the public a number of dramatic works which number among the most discussed plays in Chinese theatre circles. This article sketches an approach to her first work, Daxiansheng, which is based, thematically, on the life and work of the modern Chinese writer Lu Xun. By focusing on dramaturgical aspects of this play, such as the material and perspective selected for the story; the interweaving of all kinds of texts; the fragmentation and reassembling of the characters; the design of various contrasting modes and atmospheres; as well as the method of participation of both author and audiences, this article foregrounds the aspects of cosmopolitan theatre displayed both by Li Jing’s work and by contemporary Chinese drama more broadly.
Analytical Solutions for Groundwater Response to Earth Tides in Thick Semiconfined Aquifers
Authors: Lu Xunfeng , Sato Kozo , Horne Roland N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe tidal behavior of a well in semiconfined aquifers can be described by a diffusion equation including a leakage term. This approach is valid for thin aquifers, as long as the aquitard has low permeability relative to the aquifer. However, in cases where the aquifer is thick and the permeability of the aquitard is not low, using the existing solutions based on these approximations leads to unsatisfactory outcomes. Alternative solutions for both vertical and horizontal wells were obtained by solving the standard diffusion equation, with leakage expressed as a boundary condition. The solutions can be used to estimate any one of wellbore storage coefficient, skin effect, hydraulic diffusivity, and vertical leakage, given the other three. Furthermore, a nondimensional number, named hydraulic Biot number, was derived mathematically, which forms the basis for a quantitative criterion to assess the applicability of existing solutions. In the case of a vertical well, the existing solution exhibits acceptable error only if the hydraulic Biot number is less than 0.245. The new solution extends this upper limitation to 0.475. However, when the number is greater than 0.475, both the existing solution and new solution are invalid due to the invalid uniform flowrate assumption. For a horizontal well, when the number is less than 0.245, the existing solution is suitable with acceptable error. Our new solution effectively overcomes this limitation. Finally, the new solution was applied to the case of the Arbuckle aquifer to demonstrate the improved validity of the new solution compared to the existing one.
Modeling Non‐Stationary Wind‐Induced Fluid Motions With Physics‐Informed Neural Networks for the Shallow Water Equations in a Polar Coordinate System
Authors: Zhou Zaiyang , Kuai Yu , Ge Jianzhong , van Maren Bas , Wang Zhenwu , Huang Kailin , Ding Pingxing , Wang Zhengbing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPhysics‐informed neural networks (PINNs) are increasingly being used in various scientific disciplines. However, dealing with non‐stationary physical processes remains a significant challenge in such models, whereas fluid motions are typically non‐stationary. In this study, a PINN‐based method was designed and optimized to solve non‐stationary fluid dynamics with shallow water equations in a polar coordinate system (PINN‐SWEP). It was developed and validated with a classic circular basin case that is well‐documented in scientific literature. In the validation case, the wind‐induced water surface fluctuations are less than 1 cm, posing challenges in modeling. However, our PINN‐SWEP model can accurately simulate such tiny water surface fluctuations and resolve complex fluid motions based on limited and sparse data. A boundary discontinuity problem associated with the use of a polar coordinate system is further discussed and improved, thereby enhancing the applicability of PINN in water research. The methodology can provide an alternative solution for numerical or analytical solutions with high accuracy.
Improving Streamflow Prediction Using Multiple Hydrological Models and Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Solanki Hiren , Vegad Urmin , Kushwaha Anuj , Mishra Vimal 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStreamflow prediction is crucial for flood monitoring and early warning, which often hampered by bias and uncertainties arising from nonlinear processes, model parameterization, and errors in meteorological forecast. We examined the utility of multiple hydrological models (VIC, H08, CWatM, Noah‐MP, and CLM) and machine learning (ML) methods to improve streamflow simulations and prediction. The hydrological models (HMs) were forced with observed meteorological data from the India Meteorological Department (IMD) and meteorological forecast from the Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) to simulate flood peaks and flood inundation areas. We used Multiple Linear Regression, Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), and Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) for the post‐processing of simulated streamflow from HMs. Considering the influence of dams is crucial for the effectiveness of HMs and ML methods for improving streamflow simulations and predictions. In addition, ML‐based multi‐model ensemble streamflow from HMs performs better than individual models, highlighting the need for multi‐model‐based streamflow forecast systems. The post‐processing of streamflow simulated by the hydrological models using ML significantly improved overall streamflow simulations, with limited improvement in high‐flow conditions. The combination of physics‐based hydrological models, observed climate data, and ML methods improve streamflow predictions for flood magnitude, timing, and inundated area, which can be valuable for developing flood early warning systems in India.
mtSTAT3 suppresses rheumatoid arthritis by regulating Th17 and synovial fibroblast inflammatory cell death with IL-17-mediated autophagy dysfunction
Authors: Lee Seon-Yeong , Moon Jeonghyeon , Lee A Ram , Moon Young-Mee , Choi Jeong Won , Lee Chae Rim , Jeon Su Been , Sohn Hee Su , Youn Jeehee , Shin Dongyun , Park Sung-Hwan , Cho Mi-La 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Th17 cells are activated by STAT3 factors in the nucleus, and these factors are correlated with the pathologic progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of STAT3 in mitochondria, but its function is unclear. We investigated the novel role of mitochondrial STAT3 (mitoSTAT3) in Th17 cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and analyzed the correlation of mitoSTAT3 with RA. We used a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model to determine the effect of mitochondrial STAT3. We observed changes in the RA mouse model via the use of a mitochondrial STAT3-inducing vector and inhibitor. We observed the accumulation of abnormal autophagosomes, increased inflammatory cell death signaling, and decreased mitoSTAT3 activity in FLSs from both patients with RA and patients with IL-17-treated FLSs. We first discovered that IL-17 increased the accumulation of abnormal autophagosomes and the expression of inflammatory cell death factors in synovial fibroblasts and decreased mitoSTAT3 activation. In a mouse model of CIA, arthritis and joint inflammation were decreased by injection vectors that induced mitoSTAT3 overexpression. The abnormal accumulation of autophagosomes and the expression of inflammatory cell death factors were also decreased in these mice. In mouse and human immune cells, ZnSO4, an inducer of mitochondrial STAT3, decreases the production of reactive oxygen species, the IL-17 concentration, and differentiation into Th17 cells. However, mitoSTAT3 blockade accelerated the development of arthritis, inflammatory cell death, and abnormal autophagosome/autophagolysosome formation. Therefore, this study suggests a novel inhibitory mechanism of RA using mitoSTAT3 via the regulation of autophagy, Th17 differentiation, and inflammatory cell death.
Linking altered neuronal and synaptic properties to nicotinic receptor Alpha5 subunit gene dysfunction: a translational investigation in rat mPFC and human cortical layer 6
Authors: Yang Danqing , Qi Guanxiao , Delev Daniel , Maskos Uwe , Feldmeyer Dirk 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Genetic variation in the α5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit of mice results in behavioral deficits linked to the prefrontal cortex (PFC). rs16969968 is the primary Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in CHRNA5 strongly associated with nicotine dependence and schizophrenia in humans. We performed single cell-electrophysiology combined with morphological reconstructions on layer 6 (L6) excitatory neurons in the medial PFC (mPFC) of wild type (WT) rats, rats carrying the human coding polymorphism rs16969968 in Chrna5 and α5 knockout (KO) rats. Neuronal and synaptic properties were determined for the three rat genotypes. Compared with neurons in WT rats, L6 regular spiking (RS) neurons in the α5KO group exhibited altered electrophysiological properties, while those in α5SNP rats remained unchanged. L6 RS neurons in mPFC of α5SNP and α5KO rats differed from WT rats in dendritic morphology, spine density and spontaneous synaptic activity. Galantamine was applied to identified L6 neuron populations to specifically boost the nicotinic responses mediated by α5*nAChRs. Remarkably, it restored nicotinic modulation in neurons of α5SNP rats, while no such effect was observed in α5KO rats. Additionally, galantamine functioned as a positive allosteric modulator of α5*nAChRs in RS neurons, both in rat and human cortical L6, but did not affect burst spiking (BS) neurons. Our findings suggest that dysfunction in the α5 subunit gene leads to aberrant neuronal and synaptic properties, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of cognitive deficits observed in human populations carrying α5SNPs. They highlight a potential pharmacological target for restoring the relevant behavioral output.
Comparative transcriptomics in serial organs uncovers early and pan-organ developmental changes associated with organ-specific morphological adaptation
Authors: Sémon Marie , Mouginot Marion , Peltier Manon , Corneloup Claudine , Veber Philippe , Guéguen Laurent , Pantalacci Sophie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Mice have evolved a new dental plan with two additional cusps on the upper molar, while hamsters were retaining the ancestral plan. By comparing the dynamics of molar development with transcriptome time series, we found at least three early changes in mouse upper molar development. Together, they redirect spatio-temporal dynamics to ultimately form two additional cusps. The mouse lower molar has undergone much more limited phenotypic evolution. Nevertheless, its developmental trajectory evolved as much as that of the upper molar and co-evolved with it. Among the coevolving changes, some are clearly involved in the new upper molar phenotype. We found a similar level of coevolution in bat limbs. In conclusion, our study reveals how serial organ morphology has adapted through organ-specific developmental changes, as expected, but also through shared changes that have organ-specific effects on the final phenotype. This highlights the important role of developmental system drift in one organ to accommodate adaptation in another.
Pig nasal and rectal microbiotas are involved in the antibody response to Glaesserella parasuis
Authors: Obregon-Gutierrez Pau , Mahmmod Yasser , Barba-Vidal Emili , Sibila Marina , Correa-Fiz Florencia , Aragón Virginia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Vaccination stands as one of the most sustainable and promising strategies to control infectious diseases in animal production. Nevertheless, the causes for antibody response variation among individuals are poorly understood. The animal microbiota has been shown to be involved in the correct development and function of the host immunity, including the antibody response. Here, we studied the nasal and rectal microbiota composition in association with the antibody response against the pathobiont Glaesserella parasuis. The nasal and rectal microbiotas of 24 piglets were sampled in two farms before vaccination and in one unvaccinated farm (naturally exposed to the pathobiont) at similar time. Microbiota composition was inferred by V3V4 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, and the antibody response was quantified using the variation between the levels before and after vaccination (normalized per farm). Piglets with higher antibody responses showed more diverse nasal and rectal microbial communities compared to piglets with lower responses. Moreover, swine nasal core microbiota colonizers were associated with higher antibody levels, such as several members from Bacteroidales and Clostridiales orders and genera including Moraxella, Staphylococcus, Fusobacterium and Neisseria. Regarding taxa found in the rectal microbiota, associations with antibody responses were detected only at order level, pointing towards a positive role for Clostridiales while negative for Enterobacteriales. Altogether, these results suggest that the microbiota is associated with the antibody response to G. parasuis (and probably to other pathogens) and serves as starting point to understand the factors that contribute to immunization in pigs.