bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Heavy Metal Contents in Some Medicinal Plants from Region of Oran from Algeria
Authors: Mokred Mohamed rabie , mohamed Talbi , kambouche Nadia , Berrabah Ahlem , bellahouel Salima 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Some of the heavy metals found in our environment are toxic; once absorbed by plants, they build up in tissues and are phased out. Other heavy metals are trace elements that are necessary for human health, but can be toxic in excessive concentrations.
The purpose of this study is both to confirm the necessary metals' recognized medicinal virtues and to raise awareness of the presence of harmful non-essential metals that could harm humans and the environment.
This study depicts a profile of existence of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Fe) in some important herbal plants used in some parts of the country as a food condiment like (Moringa oleifera, Artemesia campestis, Nigella sativa, Asparagus stipularis, Sesamum indicum, Ruta montana, Rhamnus alaternus , Pistacia lentiscus using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Heavy metals in these herbal plants were in the range of 0.38-0.56ppm of Zn, 0.00-0.69 ppm of Cu, 0.13-0.16 ppm of Cd, 0.26-0.52 ppm of Pb, 1.10-8.89 ppm of Fe. Of the eight medicinal plants/products examined, the prescribed limits were respected.
For each plant, mineralize a test sample of 2 grams of powder. Each mineral is analyzed by injection. For each element, a calibration curve is generated. – Assay with atomic absorption devices (lead, copper, cadmium, nickel, manganese). The results are expressed in mg/L for different species. The highest value is: lead. Copper content is present in various extracts and is considered a good source. The zinc contained in Moringa is very valuable. The presence of iron in the species Rhamnus alaternus confirms its use in traditional medicine as an antianemic.
Farmyard manure regulated the defense signalling network in mash bean by countering stress responses of inglorious couple of charcoal rot fungus and copper
Authors: Akhtar Sundus , Shoaib Amna , Javiad Iqra , Qaiser Uzma , Tasadduq Raazia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the era of global warming, stress combinations instead of individual stresses are realistic threats faced by plants, which affect the metabolic activities in an inimitable mode unlike individual stress. In the current study, charcoal rot disease stress caused by notorious fungal pathogen viz., Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid coupled with toxic levels of heavy metal copper (Cu) was investigated on morpho-physio-biochemical and molecular responses in mash bean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] plants. Soil application with 2% Farmyard manure (FYM) was also used as a warfare agent against the stress/s responses in the plans. Therefore, soil spiked Cu (50 and 100 mg/kg) was inoculated with the pathogen, amended with 2% FYM was sown with mash bean seeds. The individual stress of MP or Cu resulted in more drastic changes in biological (growth, biomass, and yield), and physio-biochemical [(total chlorophyll content, carotenoids, reducing sugar total protein content, and total phenolic, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO)] attributes with the greater translocation factors and bioaccumulation factors as compared to stress combination. The expression levels of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, cytokinin-resistant gene as well as protein profiling and other metabolic changes (activity of CAT, POX, and PPO) were more up regulated under single stress conditions by mash bean plants. Alteration in studied parameters in mash bean plants provided the basis of cross-tolerance (hormesis) induced by Cu against the pathogen under stress combination. Nonetheless, 2% FYM in soil encounters the negative effect of stress responses provoked by the pathogen, Cu or both by decreasing Cu uptake by the plants. FYM worked better at lower concentrations (50 mg/kg) of Cu than at higher ones (100 mg/kg), hence could be used as a suitable option to reclaim soil health and better plant productivity.
Optimal Machine Learning- and Deep Learning- driven algorithms for predicting the future value of investments: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Parisi Luca , Manaog Marianne Lyne 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and the increasing competitive landscape have led asset management companies to consider investing in applying Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven technologies to minimise the risk and maximise the profitability of the investment funds they manage. Thus, a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the relevant literature were conducted to provide evidence-based informed recommendations on which AI-driven technologies could be leveraged for such purpose. Data on both Machine Learning (ML)- and Deep Learning (DL)-driven technologies applied to aid the management of investment funds in China and, specifically, in and around Shenzhen, were pooled from eleven eligible and recent studies (since 15 September 2017) and analysed accordingly. The key business-relevant and human-interpretable metrics representing their performance were identified in the root mean squared error (RMSE), in the same unit of currency of the investment funds, and the correlation strength between the predicted and actual values. One ML- and one DL-based algorithms were recommended to be used in the short and long terms respectively. In particular, the ML-based Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) algorithm was found the most accurate in the relevant literature, e.g., 28.16% more accurate than the Support Vector Regressor (SVR), also having a highly competitive ability to capture trends in the actual values of investment funds (83.7% of correlation strength), whilst the Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM)-GBDT model was identified as the most accurate DL-based algorithm, 15.05% more accurate than the GBDT and with 13.2% higher ability to capture trends in the actual investment funds’ values than the GBDT.
The whole-cell proteome shows the characteristics of macrolides-resistant Bordetella pertussis in China linked to the biofilm formation
Authors: Lv Zhe , Yin Sha , Jiang Kaichong , Wang Wei , Luan Yang , Wu Shuang , Shi Jianfei , Li Zhe , Ma Xiao , Wang Zengguo , Yan Hong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The macrolides-resistant Bordetella pertussis (MR-Bp) isolates in China evolved from the ptxP1/fhaB3 allele and rapidly became predominant, suggestive of an adaptive transmission ability. This was different from the global prevalent ptxP3 strains, in which MR-Bp was rarely reported. The study aimed to determine the underlying mechanism responsible for fitness and resistance in these two strains. We identify proteomic differences between ptxP1/fhaB3 and ptxP3/fhaB1 strains using TMT-based proteomics. We then performed in-depth bioinformatic analysis to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by gene ontology (GO), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Further PRM analysis confirmed the expression of 4 target proteins. Finally, the crystal violet method was used to determine biofilm-forming ability. The results showed that the main significant different proteins between the two represent isolates were related to biofilm formation. Furthermore, we have confirmed that ptxP1/fhaB3 showed hyperbiofilm formation in comparison with ptxP3/fhaB1. It is suggested that the resistance and adaptability of ptxP1/fhaB3 strains may be related to the formation of biofilm through proteomics. In a word, we determined the significantly different proteins between the ptxP1/fhaB3 and ptxP3/fhaB1 strains through whole-cell proteome, which were related to biofilm formation.
The States Of Different 5-HT Receptors Located In The Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Are Crucial For Regulating The Awakening During General Anesthesia
Authors: Ma Haixiang , Gu Leyuan , Wang Yuling , Xu Qing , Shao Weihui , Yu Qian , Lian Xiting , Liu Lu , Gu Jiaxuan , Ji Na , Zhang Yuanli , Liu Xiaoling , Nagayasu Kazuki , Zhang Honghai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
General anesthesia is widely used in various clinical practices due to its ability to cause loss of consciousness. However, the exact mechanism of anesthesia-induced unconsciousness remains unclear. It is generally thought that arousal-related brain nuclei are involved. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is closely associated with sleep arousal. Here, we explore the role of the 5-HT system in anesthetic awakening through pharmacological interventions and optogenetic techniques. Our data showed that exogenous administration of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and optogenetic activation of 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) could significantly shorten the emergence time of sevoflurane anesthesia in mice, suggesting that regulation of the 5-HT system using both endogenous and exogenous approaches could mediate delayed emergence. In addition, we first discovered that the different 5-HT receptors located in the DR, known as 5-HT autoreceptors, are essential for the regulation of general anesthetic awakening, with 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A/C receptors playing a regulatory role. These results can provide a reliable theoretical basis as well as potential targets for clinical intervention to prevent delayed emergence and some postoperative risks.
The preventive measures adopted during dental practice by the dentists to prevent the transmission of COVID-19: A questionnaire-based survey
Authors: Katta Prashanth Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives
A new coronavirus was first identified in the Chinese province of Hubei, and by June 17, 2020, the virus had spread to 213 other nations. The specialized nature of the operations performed by the dental team puts them at a significant risk for infection. The purpose of this questionnaire was to evaluate the preventive measures and awareness strategies that dentists might use to stop or lessen the spread of COIVD-19.
Material and Methods
The 23 questions in the web survey were based on guidelines provided by the CDC for dental settings during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the respondents in this study were dental professionals in India.
Results
302 dentists in all replied to this study. Only 16.7% of the participants received only emergency care, and only 26.2% used face shields and masks; other protective gear was less common. Since there is only one patient in the waiting area, the majority of participants make their appointments. More than half of dentists sterilize their patients' hands both before and after the dental procedure, and 70% of them decide to disinfect using 70% ethyl alcohol. Before beginning therapy, the majority of respondents use dental mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12%. Nearly 75 percent of dentists employ high vacuum. After every patient, just 41.7% of dentists disinfect the dental handpieces in autoclaves. The majority of dentists train their patients about preventive methods.
Conclusion
Based on these results, the Saudi Arabian dentists should take more strict measures during dental practice.
Rapid development of wheat-Dasypyrum villosum compensating translocations resistant to powdery mildew via a tri-marker strategy conducted on a large ph1b-induced population
Authors: Wan Wentao , Zhao Renhui , Chen Tiantian , Wang Ling , Zhang Xu , Li Haifeng , Wang Xiue , Bie Tongde 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. Tritici (Bgt), is one of the most destructive diseases in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, China. Currently, nearly all the resistant varieties released in this area are carrying Pm21 conveyed by the wheat-Dasypyrum villosum T6V#2S.6AL translocation, which brings a potential risk of resistance loss. PmV, a homologue of Pm21, carried by the wheat-D. villosum T6V#4S.6DL translocation, is more stably resistant to Bgt but less transmittable and exploited in breeding. To utilize PmV more effectively, a new recombinant translocation T6V#4S-6V#2S.6AL carrying PmV with higher transmission rate was used as a basic material for inducing smaller alien translocations. A localized ph1b-carried line “Yangmai 23-ph1b” conferring semi dwarf and high yield was developed with the ph1b locus in the genetic background of the commercial variety Yangmai 23. A large ph1b-induced F3 population was created based on the cross between Yangmai 23-ph1b and T6V#4S-6V#2S.6AL. A modified tri-marker strategy using three co-dominant markers, the distal marker 6VS-GX4 and paracentric marker 6VS-GX17 of 6VS as well as the functional marker MBH1 of PmV, was conducted for screening new recombinants. Forty-eight recombinants including 22 PmV-carried translocations were identified from 6,300 F3 individuals. Two translocation lines, Dv6T25 with the shortest distal segment carrying PmV and Dv6T31 with the shortest proximal segment carrying PmV were identified with high powdery mildew resistance and normal transmission rate. This work is significant for promoting PmV in wheat breeding and gives a model for rapid development of wheat-alien compensating translocations.
A classification of S-boxes generated by Orthogonal Cellular Automata
Authors: Mariot Luca , Manzoni Luca 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Most of the approaches published in the literature to construct S-boxes via Cellular Automata (CA) work by either iterating a finite CA for several time steps, or by a one-shot application of the global rule. The main characteristic that brings together these works is that they employ a single CA rule to define the vectorial Boolean function of the S-box. In this work, we explore a different direction for the design of S-boxes that leverages on Orthogonal CA (OCA), i.e. pairs of CA rules giving rise to orthogonal Latin squares. The motivation stands on the facts that an OCA pair already defines a bijective transformation, and moreover the orthogonality property of the resulting Latin squares ensures a minimum amount of diffusion. We exhaustively enumerate all S-boxes generated by OCA pairs of diameter \(4 \le d \le 6\), and measure their nonlinearity. Interestingly, we observe that for \(d=4\) and \(d=5\) all S-boxes are linear, despite the underlying CA local rules being nonlinear. The smallest nonlinear S-boxes emerges for \(d=6\), but their nonlinearity is still too low to be used in practice. Nonetheless, we unearth an interesting structure of linear OCA S-boxes, proving that their Linear Components Space (LCS) is itself the image of a linear CA, or equivalently a polynomial code. We finally classify all linear OCA S-boxes in terms of their generator polynomials.
MSC Classification: 05B15 · 68Q80 · 37B15 · 11T06
House-wall modification after indoor residual spraying in Shashogo district, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Amanuel Melesech , Tadesse Sebsibe , Tamene Aiggan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: The indoor residual spraying has been a key national malaria prevention and control strategy in Ethiopia. However, there is a gap in monitoring and evaluation of house-wall modification after indoor residual spraying before the end of potency period. This study has determined the prevalence of house-wall modification after indoor residual spraying and identified the associated factors in Shashogo district, southern Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2022. Data were collected from 640 randomly selected households using a pre-tested questionnaire and an observational checklist. The binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with house-wall modification after indoor residual spraying before the end of potency period.
Results: The prevalence of house-wall modification after indoor residual spraying was found to be 30.4% (95% CI: 27.4-34.2%). Educational status of could not read and write [AOR = 1.76, 95% CI: (1.16, 2.68)], monthly income of greater than 3,000 birr [AOR = 3.27, 95% CI: (1.78, 6.01)], low level of knowledge about indoor residual spraying [AOR = 3.81 .95% CI: (2.39, 6.06)], lack of information within two weeks before spraying [AOR = 2.23, 95% CI: (1.44, 3.46)], absence of supervision after spraying [AOR = 1.79, 95% CI: (1.14, 2.81)], absence of stagnant water near house [AOR = 3.36, 95% CI: (2.13, 5.39)], and thatched roof [AOR = 1.82, 95% CI: (1.04, 3.16)] were factors significantly associated with house-wall modification after indoor residual spraying.
Conclusion: This study has revealed that the prevalence of house-wall modification after indoor residual spraying before the end of potency period in the study area was higher compared to other studies in developing countries. Therefore, special emphasis should be given on providing community education about indoor residual spraying, conducting regular supervision before and after residual spraying, enforcing some punishment for modifying the house-wall before six months after spraying, and improving environmental and housing conditions.
Development of a low-cost deep eutectic solvent based on zinc nitrate hexahydrate salt/ethylene glycol as an electrolyte for rechargeable zinc air batteries
Authors: Getie Fentahun Adamu , Ayele Delele Worku , Habtu Nigus Gabbiye , Yihun Fantahun Aklog , Yemata Temesgen Atnafu , Ambaw Mehary Dagnaw , Worku Ababay Ketema 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study, a cheap zinc nitrate hexahydrated (ZNH)/ethylene glycol (EG) deep eutectic solvent (DES) was developed as a substitute electrolyte for rechargeable zinc air batteries using the heating method. The synthesized ZNH/EG based DESs were characterized by ionic conductivity (σ), refractive index, density, viscosity, thermogravimetric (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. The results revealed that at a 1:6 of DES lowest viscosity values of 579,381,119,110, and 58 centipoise (cp) were obtained at 20, 30, 60, 100, and 200 corresponding spindle speeds rotation per minute respectively. Similarly, lower density value of 1.392 g/cm3, lower refractive index value of 1.441 and higher conductivity (σ) of 7.51 ms/cm were obtained at 1:6 of DES. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) result also presented a wider range of electrochemical potential window (EPW) value of 1.06 V. This could be due to the delocalization of charged ions with a larger void volume that builds within the solution, showing the reversibility of electrochemical electrolyte. Hence, the result showed the DES with a 1:6 molar ratio could be a promising electrolyte for rechargeable zinc air batteries.
Radiosurgery for classical trigeminal neuralgia: impact of shot size on clinical outcome
Authors: ORTHOLAN Cécile , COLIN Philippe , SERRANO Benjamin , BOUET Thibault , GARNIER Nicolas , GUYADER Maud LE , AMBLARD Régis , VILLENEUVE Rémy , CHANALET Stéphane , ALCHAAR Haiel , BOZZOLO Eric , LANTERI-MINET Michel , FONTAINE Denys 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
This study compares the outcome of radiosurgery using two different shot sizes (5-mm and 6-mm) in patients suffering from medically refractory classical trigeminal neuralgia (TN).
Methods
All patients included in this open, prospective, non-controlled study were treated in a single institution for TN (95 patients) by LINAC single-dose radiosurgery using 5-mm shot (43 patients) or 6-mm shot (52 patients). The target was positioned on the intracisternal part of the trigeminal nerve.
Results
Mean Dmax (D0.035) to the brainstem that was higher in the 6-mm group: 12.6 Gy vs 21.3 Gy (p < 0.001). Pain control was significantly better in the 6-mm group: rates of pain-free patients at 12 and 24 months were respectively 90.2% and 87.8% vs. 73.6% and 73.6% in the 5-mm group (p = 0.045). Post-radiosurgical hypesthesia was more frequent in the 6-mm group: 47.0% and 58% vs.11.3% and 30.8% at 12 and 24 months (p = 0.002). To investigate the respective effect of shot size and dose to the brainstem on outcome, patients were separated in 3 groups: group 1 = 5-mm shot, (all Dmax < 25 Gy, 43 patients), group 2 = 6-mm shot, Dmax < 25 Gy (32 patients), group 3 = 6-mm shot Dmax > 25 Gy (20 patients). Rate of 12 months hypesthesia was 11.3%, 33.5% and 76.0%, respectively, p < 0.001 in each group. Rate of 12 months pain recurrence was 26.4%, 16.5% and 5% respectively (p = 0.11).
Conclusion
LINAC treatment with 6-mm shot achieved excellent pain control, but increased the rate of trigeminal nerve dysfunction, especially when the maximum dose to the brainstem was higher than 25 Gy.
Landscape configurations determining the genetic structure of the Yellow-Spotted Amazon River Turtle (Podocnemis unifilis) in Brazilian Amazonia
Authors: Agostini Maria Augusta Paes , Machado Arielli Fabrício , Ritter Camila Duarte , Viana Maria das Neves da Silva , Monjeló Luiz Alberto dos Santos , Andrade Paulo César Machado , Pantoja-Lima Jackson , Pezzuti Juarez C. B. , Félix-Silva Daniely , Junior Waldesse Piragé de Oliveira , Vogt Richard C. , Hrbek Tomas , Farias Izeni Pires 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Landscape features can influence gene flow detected in genetic structure and diversity. The effect will depend on the ability to disperse and may vary between species. Waterfalls and rapids in the Amazon basin have been suggested as causing the diversification and genetic structure of freshwater species, including turtles. Thus, we evaluated the spatial distribution of genetic diversity of Podocnemis unifilis, a widely distributed and endangered turtle, along the main rivers of the Brazilian Amazon. We used the mitochondrial DNA control region to characterize the population structure and test hypotheses of isolation by distance (IBD) or resistance (IBR) through an integrative approach using genetic, geographic, and ecological data. We compared matrices of geographic (linear and in-water distance) and resistance distances (niche modeling and/or waterfalls and rapids) in genetic distance. We found heterogeneous levels of genetic diversity (no spatial patterns) and a geographically complex pattern of population genetic structure. In some localities, gene flow follows watersheds, connecting watercourses, but it also has some genetic structure withing rivers, where waterfalls and rapids act as barriers to dispersal. The IBR better explains the genetic distance, the movement of individuals is influenced by aquatic, vegetational, biological, and geomorphological variables. Efforts for the conservation of the species need to be applied in all its distribution considering landscape genetics. Thus, projects that impact aquatic organisms such as dams and others need to rely on regional or even local migration of Amazonian turtle populations in rivers, verifying the connectivity within each watercourse, improving the knowledge of negative impacts.