bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive fractional‐order nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode formation control of multiple quadrotor UAVs‐based distributed estimator
Authors: Wang Hongbin , Li Ning , Luo Qianda 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper mainly solves two major problems that are unavoidable in leader–follower formation process of quadrotor UAV group: the existence of external uncertainty disturbance and communication limited between quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) group. To solve the problem that only one of the followers in the leader–follower formation can obtain the leader's information, an improved distributed estimator is proposed in this paper, which can accurately estimate the leader's information for each follower. In addition, in order to eliminate the influence of uncertain external disturbance on the performance of quadrotor UAV, an adaptive estimation law is designed based only on velocity and position variables. For the attitude and position subsystem of the quadrotor UAV, a sliding surface with fractional‐order term is designed. Which makes the quadrotor UAV tracking error system obtain good robustness at the stage of reaching the sliding surface and fast convergence and accurate tracking performance in the sliding stage. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, the convergence results are analyzed strictly. The results show that the algorithm can make the position distance between leader and followers converge to the desired offset. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the control algorithm.
Ambipolar Electrochemistry of Pre‐Intercalated Ti3C2Tx MXene in Ionic Liquid Electrolyte
Authors: Valurouthu Geetha , Panigrahi Rachita , Saraf Mohit , Shuck Christopher E. , Mallik Bhabani S. , Kurra Narendra , Gogotsi Yury 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCation intercalation with or without redox remains the dominant charge storage mechanism for two‐dimensional (2D) Ti3C2Tx MXene. Anion‐based charge storage remains unexplored due to intrinsic negative surface charge of MXenes preventing spontaneous intercalation of anions and irreversible oxidation of Ti at anodic potentials in aqueous electrolytes. In this work, we report on the ambipolar electrochemical behavior of the Ti3C2Tx in ionic liquid electrolyte over a 2.5 V electrochemically stable window. The experiments are conducted on a thin Ti3C2Tx film current collector coated with an electroactive layer of small flakes (∼150 nm) of Ti3C2Tx pre‐intercalated with 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis‐(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)‐imide (EMIM‐TFSI) ionic liquid. Couples of redox peaks with a very small potential separation during the voltage sweep are observed at high negative (−0.75 V vs. Ag wire) and high positive (+0.75 V vs. Ag wire) potentials. Our experimental electrochemical data combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest feasibility of pseudo‐intercalation of TFSI anions between Ti3C2Tx flakes. This study provides a pathway for elucidating anion intercalation for different MXene chemistries in solvent‐free electrolytes, which can lead to development of MXene based energy storage devices with improved performance.
Aspergetherins A‐D, New Chlorinated Biphenyls with anti‐MRSA Activity from the Marine Sponge Symbiotic Fungus Aspergillus terreus 164018
Authors: Li Jia‐Xin , Xu Qi‐Hang , Shang Ru‐Yi , Liu Qian , Luo Xiang‐Chao , Lin Hou‐Wen , Jiao Wei‐Hua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAspergetherins A‐D (1–4), four new chlorinated biphenyls, were isolated from the rice fermentation of a marine sponge symbiotic fungus Aspergillus terreus 164018, along with seven known biphenyl derivatives (5–11). The structures of four new compounds were determined by a comprehensive analysis of the spectroscopic data, including HR‐ESI‐MS and 2D NMR data. All 11 isolates were evaluated for their anti‐bacterial activity against two strains of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Among them, compounds 1, 3, 8 and 10 showed anti‐MRSA activity with MIC values of 1.0–128 μg/mL. Preliminary structure‐activity relationship analysis unveiled that both chlorinated substitution and esterification of 2‐carboxylic acid could impact the antibacterial activity of biphenyls.
Comparative Bioavailability of a Novel Solution and a Tablet Formulation of Levothyroxine
Authors: Vandse Sunil , Psarrakis Yannis , Washington Kris , Baron Michelle A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLevothyroxine (LT4) is the standard of care for treating hypothyroidism. Despite the established efficacy of LT4, 50% of treated patients fail to achieve normal thyrotropin levels. Oral formulations of LT4 that bypass the gastric phase of dissolution may offset some of the therapeutic shortcomings observed with tablets. An oral solution of LT4 can be administered to patients who are unable to swallow tablets; allows flexibility to individualize dosing; and may mitigate interference with LT4 absorption caused by food, coffee, increased gastric pH from atrophic gastritis, and malabsorption from bariatric surgery. The bioavailability of a novel LT4 oral solution and a reference LT4 tablet were compared in a randomized, laboratory‐blinded, single‐dose, 2‐period, 2‐sequence, crossover study in healthy euthyroid subjects. A single 600‐μg oral dose of LT4 solution (30 mL × 100 μg/5 mL) or tablet (2 × 300‐μg tablet) was administered under fasting conditions in each study period, and total thyroxine concentrations were measured for 72 hours after administration. The ratio of geometric least‐squares means and 90% confidence intervals for area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to 72 hours and maximum plasma concentration were calculated. Among 42 subjects in the pharmacokinetic population, the geometric least‐squares mean ratio of area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to 72 hours and maximum plasma concentration for baseline‐adjusted thyroxine was 109.1% and 107.9%, respectively, meeting Food and Drug Administration bioequivalence criteria. Adverse events (AEs) were similar between treatment groups with no serious AEs or discontinuations for AEs. Comparable bioavailability was observed between the LT4 oral solution and reference tablet after a single oral 600‐μg dose under fasting conditions.
Real‐time trust aware scheduling in fog‐cloud systems
Authors: Kaur Amanjot , Auluck Nitin 
Published: March 2023

SummaryFog computing offers cloud‐like facilities at the network edge, delivering reduced response times to latency sensitive applications. It comprises of fog devices/micro data centers/cloudlets located between users and the cloud data center. Fog devices are generally susceptible to privacy, security, and trust issues. We propose RT‐TADS (Real Time‐Trust Aware Dynamic Scheduling), a scheduling algorithm that accounts for privacy, trust and real‐time performance. To compute the trustworthiness of fog devices, we propose a trust computation model. This model factors in direct and recommended trust techniques for each fog device, and updates their aggregated trust values at regular intervals. User tasks are tagged as: private, semi‐private, and public. Fog devices are classified as: extremely highly trusted, highly trusted, normal trusted, low trusted, and untrusted. RT‐TADS maps the input jobs according to their privacy constraints on trustworthy fog devices, which increases the overall Success Ratio, hence improving real‐time performance. Using the Bitbrain dataset, the real‐time performance of RT‐TADS has been demonstrated, versus comparable algorithms. The results indicate that the proposed RT‐TADS offers an average improvement of 13%, 45%, and 71% in task success ratio compared to RLTCM, no‐trust, and cdc‐only respectively.
Cu‐MOF‐808 as a Sensing Material for Gaseous Hydrogen Sulfide
Authors: Marquardt Nele , Dahlke Melina , Schaate Andreas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe selective detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important task because of its potentially hazardous effects not only on the environment but also on human health. Here, we present the zirconium‐based MOF‐808, which was modified with copper salts, as a colorimetric sensor material for the visible, reversible and sensitive H2S detection at room temperature. The copper cations, which are incorporated in the oxidation state +II, are installed at the inorganic building units (IBUs) of the framework so that they are accessible for interactions with H2S. The activated copper doped MOF‐808 powder shows significant and fast color change in the presence of H2S, which can be detected by UV‐vis spectroscopy. Moreover, the detection process is reversible by heating the material to 120 °C under ambient conditions leading to its decolorization. The detection performance of the material was studied by in situ UV‐vis measurements in a reaction chamber. The material was able to respond to 100 ppm H2S in several cycles of exposure and heating to 120 °C under moist air conditions in a defined wavelength range. This reversibility is very uncommon for copper‐based H2S sensing reactions and highlights the potential of MOFs as selective sensing materials.
Curiosity and intentions to use myblu e‐cigarettes and an examination of the ‘gateway’ theory: Data from cross‐sectional nationally representative surveys
Authors: Fearon Ian M. , Seltzer Ryan G. N. , Houser Trisha L. , Tope Andrew , Cahours Xavier , Verron Thomas , Malt Layla , Nahde Thomas , O'Connell Grant , Nides Mitchell 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEncouraging adult smokers who are uninterested or unwilling to quit, and would otherwise continue to smoke, to transition to potentially less harmful nicotine products such as electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) may positively impact population health. However, counterbalancing this benefit is the societal concern that ENDS may be used by never smokers and youth and serve as a ‘gateway’ into cigarette smoking. Data were analysed from two independent surveys of the prevalence and perceptions of myblu ENDS use in the United States. Total sample size was 22,232 young adults and 23,264 adults. Being curious to use myblu was 1.6–2.0 times more likely in young adult current smokers than young adult never smokers. This likelihood was 2.8 times greater for adult current smokers compared with adult never smokers in the perceptions survey, while in the prevalence survey, there was no difference between adult current and never smokers. Intentions to use myblu were significantly greater in young adult current smokers compared with young adult never smokers in both surveys and in adults in the prevalence survey. In all surveys and age cohorts, 124 of 45,496 participants (0.1% of the total survey population) reported first using myblu prior to smoking cigarettes and went on to become established smokers. Curiosity and intentions to use myblu were generally higher in current smokers compared with never smokers. There was minimal evidence to suggest the existence of a ‘gateway’ effect to established cigarette smoking among never‐smoking myblu users.
Synthesis, Properties and Reactivity Studies of a Hetero‐dicopper Complex Consisting of a Porphyrin and a Bispyridylamine Moiety Connected by a Xanthene Backbone
Authors: Budhija Vishal , van Langevelde Phebe H. , Krause Konstantin B. , Cula Beatrice , Hetterscheid D. G. H. , Schwalbe Matthias 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSynthesis, characterization and reactivity studies of a hetero‐dicopper complex, particularly towards oxygen reduction are presented. A bischlorido copper(II) trishistidine‐type coordination unit is positioned directly above a copper porphyrin unit. The close distance between the two coordination fragments is secured by a rigid xanthene backbone. Surprisingly, the dinuclear complex is not active towards oxygen reduction unlike the earlier published mononuclear analogues with a bispyridylamine copper center. However, the compound architecture of this multinuclear metal complex is interesting and can play an important role in the development of new catalysts for ORR.
Synthesis of Dibenzo[b,e]azepin‐6(11H)‐ones via a Sequential Ugi‐4CR and Sulfur Ylide‐Mediated Rearrangement Reaction
Authors: Kong Han‐Han , Zhao Long , Pan Hong‐Ling , Ding Ming‐Wu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new one‐pot preparation of dibenzo[b,e]azepin‐6(11H)‐one by a sequential Ugi‐4CR and sulfur ylide‐mediated rearrangement reaction has been developed. A series of polysubstituted dibenzo[b,e]azepin‐6(11H)‐ones were obtained in 69–84 % yields from readily available sulfonium salts, 2‐aminophenyl ketones, aldehydes and isocyanides in the presence of DBU.
Tumor treating fields as novel combination partner in the multimodal treatment of head and neck cancer
Authors: Regnery Sebastian , Franke Henrik , Held Thomas , Trinh Thuy , Naveh Ariel , Abraham Yissachar , Hörner‐Rieber Juliane , Hess Jochen , Huber Peter E. , Debus Jürgen , Lopez Perez Ramon , Adeberg Sebastian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to demonstrate the effects of tumor treating fields (TTFields) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells when combined with radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy.MethodsTwo human HNSCC cell lines (Cal27, FaDu) received five different treatments: TTFields, RT +/− TTFields and RT + simultaneous cisplatin +/− TTFields. Effects were quantified using clonogenic assays and flow cytometric analyses of DAPI, caspase‐3 activation and γH2AX foci.ResultsTreatment with RT + TTFields decreased the clonogenic survival as strong as treatment with RT + simultaneous cisplatin. The triple combination of RT + simultaneous cisplatin + TTFields even further decreased the clonogenic survival. Accordingly, combination of TTFields with RT or RT + simultaneous cisplatin increased cellular apoptosis and DNA double‐strand breaks.ConclusionTTFields therapy seems a promising combination partner in the multimodal treatment of locally advanced HNSCC. It could be used to intensify chemoradiotherapy or as alternative to chemotherapy.
Mechanochemical Synthesis and Reactivity of a Stable Nickel Borohydride
Authors: Raje Sakthi , Mani Kalaikodikumaran , Dinesh Shruthi , Yadav Archana , Chahal Manoj , Butcher Ray J. , Angamuthu Raja 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report the solvent‐assisted mechanochemically synthesised mononuclear Ni(II) borohydride complex supported by a macrocyclic tetradentate ligand. It was characterised as stable high‐spin [(LMe)Ni(η2‐BH4)]+ cation in solid‐state and in solution by various physicochemical methods and capable of transferring hydride. The stoichiometric reactivity of [(LMe)Ni(η2‐BH4)]+ cation was examined with trityl cation, alkyl halide, disulphide, thiol, carboxylic acid and enol at room temperature.
Eupatilin alleviates inflammatory response after subarachnoid hemorrhage by inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB axis
Authors: Hong Yu , He Shiqing , Zou Qin , Li Chong , Wang Jianpeng , Chen Rui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEarly brain injury (EBI) is associated with the adverse prognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. The key bioactive component of the Chinese herbal medicine Artemisia asiatica Nakai (Asteraceae) is eupatilin. Recent research reports that eupatilin suppresses inflammatory responses induced by intracranial hemorrhage. This work is performed to validate whether eupatilin can attenuate EBI and deciphers its mechanism. A SAH rat model was established by intravascular perforation in vivo. At 6 h after SAH in rats, 10 mg/kg eupatilin was injected into the rats via the caudal vein. A Sham group was set as the control. In vitro, BV2 microglia was treated with 10 μM Oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb) for 24 h, followed by 50 μM eupatilin treatment for 24 h. The SAH grade, brain water content, neurological score, and blood‐brain barrier (BBB) permeability of the rats were measured 24 h later. The content of proinflammatory factors was detected via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Western blot analysis was conducted to analyze the expression levels of TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway‐associated proteins. In vivo, eupatilin administration alleviated neurological injury, and decreased brain edema and BBB injury after SAH in rats. Eupatilin markedly reduced the levels of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and suppressed the expression levels of MyD88, TLR4, and p‐NF‐κB p65 in the SAH rats' cerebral tissues. Eupatilin treatment also reduced the levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α, and repressed the expression levels of MyD88, TLR4, and p‐NF‐κB p65 in OxyHb‐induced BV2 microglia. Additionally, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or resatorvid enhanced the suppressive effects of eupatilin on OxyHb‐induced inflammatory responses in BV2 microglia. Eupatilin ameliorates SAH‐induced EBI via modulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway in rat model.
The prognostic value of the combination of body composition and systemic inflammation in patients with cancer cachexia
Authors: Xie Hai‐Lun , Ruan Guo‐Tian , Wei Lishuang , Zhang Qi , Ge Yi‐Zhong , Song Meng‐Meng , Zhang Xi , Lin Shi‐qi , Liu Xiao‐yue , Zhang Xiao‐Wei , Li Xiang‐Rui , Zhang Kang‐Ping , Hu Chun‐Lei , Yang Ming , Tang Meng , Song Chun‐Hua , Cong Ming‐Hua , Weng Min , Li Zeng‐Ning , Li Wei , Wang Kun‐Hua , Shi Han‐Ping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundChanges in body composition and systemic inflammation are important characteristics of cancer cachexia. This multi‐centre retrospective study aimed to explore the prognostic value of the combination of body composition and systemic inflammation in patients with cancer cachexia.MethodsThe modified advanced lung cancer inflammation index (mALI), which combines body composition and systemic inflammation, was defined as appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) × serum albumin/neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio. The ASMI was estimated according to a previously validated anthropometric equation. Restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate the relationship between mALI and all‐cause mortality in patients with cancer cachexia. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were used to evaluate the prognostic value of mALI in cancer cachexia. A receiver operator characteristic curve was used to compare the effectiveness of mALI and nutritional inflammatory indicators in predicting all‐cause mortality in patients with cancer cachexia.ResultsA total of 2438 patients with cancer cachexia were enrolled, including 1431 males and 1007 females. The sex‐specific optimal cut‐off values of mALI for males and females were 7.12 and 6.52, respectively. There was a non‐linear relationship between mALI and all‐cause mortality in patients with cancer cachexia. Low mALI was significantly associated with poor nutritional status, high tumour burden, and high inflammation. Patients with low mALI had significantly lower overall survival (OS) than those with high mALI (39.5% vs. 65.5%, P < 0.001). In the male population, OS was significantly lower in the low mALI group than in the high group (34.3% vs. 59.2%, P < 0.001). Similar results were also observed in the female population (46.3% vs. 75.0%, P < 0.001). mALI was an independent prognostic factor for patients with cancer cachexia (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.974, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.959–0.990, P = 0.001). For every standard deviation [SD] increase in mALI, the risk of poor prognosis for patients with cancer cachexia was reduced by 2.9% (HR = 0.971, 95%CI = 0.943–0.964, P < 0.001) in males and 8.9% (HR = 0.911, 95%CI = 0.893–0.930, P < 0.001) in females. mALI is an effective complement to the traditional Tumour, Lymph Nodes, Metastasis (TNM) staging system for prognosis evaluation and a promising nutritional inflammatory indicator with a better prognostic effect than the most commonly used clinical nutritional inflammatory indicators.ConclusionsLow mALI is associated with poor survival in both male and female patients with cancer cachexia and is a practical and valuable prognostic assessment tool.
Accessory ESCRT‐III proteins are conserved and selective regulators of Rab11a‐exosome formation
Authors: Marie Pauline P. , Fan Shih‐Jung , Mason John , Wells Adam , Mendes Cláudia C. , Wainwright S. Mark , Scott Sheherezade , Fischer Roman , Harris Adrian L. , Wilson Clive , Goberdhan Deborah C. I. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExosomes are secreted nanovesicles with potent signalling activity that are initially formed as intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) in late Rab7‐positive multivesicular endosomes, and also in recycling Rab11a‐positive endosomes, particularly under some forms of nutrient stress. The core proteins of the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) participate in exosome biogenesis and ILV‐mediated destruction of ubiquitinylated cargos. Accessory ESCRT‐III components have reported roles in ESCRT‐III‐mediated vesicle scission, but their precise functions are poorly defined. They frequently only appear essential under stress. Comparative proteomics analysis of human small extracellular vesicles revealed that accessory ESCRT‐III proteins, CHMP1A, CHMP1B, CHMP5 and IST1, are increased in Rab11a‐enriched exosome preparations. We show that these proteins are required to form ILVs in Drosophila secondary cell recycling endosomes, but unlike core ESCRTs, they are not involved in degradation of ubiquitinylated proteins in late endosomes. Furthermore, CHMP5 knockdown in human HCT116 colorectal cancer cells selectively inhibits Rab11a‐exosome production. Accessory ESCRT‐III knockdown suppresses seminal fluid‐mediated reproductive signalling by secondary cells and the growth‐promoting activity of Rab11a‐exosome‐containing EVs from HCT116 cells. We conclude that accessory ESCRT‐III components have a specific, ubiquitin‐independent role in Rab11a‐exosome generation, a mechanism that might be targeted to selectively block pro‐tumorigenic activities of these vesicles in cancer.
Low Prevalence of Late Myocardial Injury on Cardiac MRI Following COVID‐19 Infection
Authors: Orbach Ady , Ghugre Nilesh R. , Biswas Labonny , Connelly Kim A. , Chan Adrienne , Strauss Bradley H. , Wright Graham A. , Roifman Idan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe prevalence of abnormal cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings indicative of myocardial injury in patients who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is currently unclear, with a high variability in the reported prevalence.PurposeTo assess the prevalence of myocardial injury after a COVID‐19 infection.Study TypeProspective, bicentric study.SubjectsSeventy consecutive patients who recovered from COVID‐19 and were previously hospitalized. Mean age was 57 years and 39% of the patients were female. Ten healthy controls and a comparator group of 75 nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) patients were employed.Field Strength/Sequence1.5‐T, steady‐state free precession (SSFP) gradient‐echo sequence, modified Look‐Locker inversion recovery sequence with balanced SSFP readout, T2‐prepared spiral readout sequence and a T1‐weighted inversion recovery fast gradient‐echo sequence was acquired ~4–5 months after recovery from COVID‐19.AssessmentThe SSFP sequence was utilized for the calculation of left and right ventricular volumes and ejection fractions (LVEF and RVEF) following manual endocardial contouring. T1 and T2 mapping was performed by pixel‐wise exponential fitting, and T1 and T2 values were computed by manual contouring of the left ventricular endocardial and epicardial walls. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) images were graded qualitatively as LGE present or absent.Statistical TestsT‐tests and the χ2 or Fisher's exact tests were used to compare continuous and categorical variables respectively between the COVID‐19 and NICM groups. Inter‐rater agreement was evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficient for continuous variables and Cohen's kappa test for LGE.ResultsReduced RVEF occurred in 10%, LGE and elevated native T1 in 9%, reduced LVEF in 4%, and elevated T2 in 3% of COVID‐19 patients, respectively. Patients with NICM had lower mean LVEF (41.6% ± 6% vs. 60% ± 7%), RVEF (46% ± 5% vs. 61% ± 9%), and a significantly higher prevalence of LGE (27% vs. 9%) when compared to those post‐COVID‐19.Data ConclusionAbnormal cardiac MRI findings may show a low prevalence in patients who recovered from COVID‐19 and were previously hospitalized.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 2