bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ‘play’ of institutions and firm investment: Evidence from a transition economy
Authors: Du Jun , Nguyen Bach 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAccording to recent literature in new institutional economics and entrepreneurship, institutions, including formal and informal ones (i.e., the rules) are important. However, in a homogeneous national institutional environment, it is unclear whether and how the execution of institutions (how the rules are implemented) matters. The purpose of this research is to assess the mechanisms that local governments can use to encourage entrepreneurial investment, which determines the future growth potential of small businesses. We find that (i) improving local institutional quality in general boosts entrepreneurial investment; and (ii) more financially constrained firms are more sensitive to informal local governance, while less financially constrained firms are more sensitive to local formal institutions, using a large‐scale small and medium‐sized enterprise (SME) dataset from Vietnam from 2006 to 2019.
Development of a First-in-Class Unimolecular Dual GIP/GLP-2 Analogue, GL-0001, for the Treatment of Bone Fragility
Authors: Gobron Benoit , Couchot Malory , Irwin Nigel , Legrand Erick , Bouvard Béatrice , Mabilleau Guillaume 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Due to aging of the population, bone frailty is dramatically increasing worldwide. Although some therapeutic options exist, they do not fully protect or prevent against the occurrence of new fractures. All current drugs approved for the treatment of bone fragility target bone mass. However, bone resistance to fracture is not solely due to bone mass but relies also on bone extracellular matrix (ECM) material properties, i.e., the quality of the bone matrix component. Here, we introduce the first-in-class unimolecular dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/glucagon-like peptide-2 (GIP/GLP-2) analogue, GL-0001, that activates simultaneously the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPr) and the glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor (GLP-2r). GL-0001 acts synergistically through a cyclic adenosine monophosphate-lysyl oxidase pathway to enhance collagen maturity. Furthermore, bilateral ovariectomy was performed in 32 BALB/c mice at 12 weeks of age prior to random allocation to either saline, dual GIP/GLP-2 analogues (GL-0001 or GL-0007) or zoledronic acid groups (n = 8/group). Treatment with dual GIP/GLP-2 analogues was initiated 4 weeks later for 8 weeks. At the organ level, GL-0001 modified biomechanical parameters by increasing ultimate load, postyield displacement, and energy-to-fracture of cortical bone. GL-0001 also prevented excess trabecular bone degradation at the appendicular skeleton and enhanced bone ECM material properties in cortical bone through a reduction of the mineral-to-matrix ratio and augmentation in enzymatic collagen cross-linking. These results demonstrate that targeting bone ECM material properties is a viable option to enhance bone strength and opens an innovative pathway for the treatment of patients suffering from bone fragility. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Abstract
The first-in-class unimolecular dual GIP/GLP-2 analogue GL-0001 activates both GIPr and GLP-2r, resulting in cAMP production and lysyl oxidase expression. Then lysyl oxidase increases collagen cross-linking and bone material strength.
Performance evaluation of hybrid electrochemical processes in mature leachate treatment
Authors: Bilgin Oyku Nur , Yokus Senem , Varank Gamze , Yazici Guvenc Senem , Can‐Güven Emine , Demir Ahmet 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecently, hybrid treatment applications have gained attention in the treatment of high‐strength wastewater. In this study, the following hybrid applications were applied: electrocoagulation (EC)‐electrooxidation (EO) (EC‐EO), and EO‐EC. The single EC and EO processes were independently optimized and then hybrid EC‐EO and EO‐EC processes were applied under the optimized conditions. Firstly, the most effective electrode pairs were selected in both EC and EO processes concerning pollutant elimination performance and energy needs. Afterward, the optimum values of the system requirements (initial pH, applied current, inter‐electrode distance, and reaction time) of the EC and EO were determined.RESULTSAlAl in the EC process and a Ti/RuO2‐graphite anode–cathode combination in the EO process were the most effective electrodes. Under optimum conditions (EC process: pH 7, applied current 2 A, reaction time 60 min, and inter‐electrode distance 2 cm; EO process: pH 7, applied current 1 A, reaction time 120 min, and inter‐electrode distance 2.5 cm), the chemical oxygen demand (COD) yields for EC and EO processes were 56.6% and 45.6%, respectively. The hybrid EC‐EO and EO‐EC processes yielded 69.6% and 66.4% COD removal, respectively. Specific energy consumption values for the EC, EO, EC‐EO, and EO‐EC were calculated as 14.1, 41.8, 38.9, and 40.7 kWh kg−1 COD, respectively.CONCLUSIONBased on its pollutant removal efficiencies and energy usage values, the hybrid EC‐EO process was found to provide significant advantages in mature leachate treatment. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on dental school assessments – Current status and future perspectives
Authors: Parikh Neha , Gardner Amity , Myers Alan L. , Halpin Richard , Holland Julian N. , van der Hoeven Dharini 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate course directors’ feedback on the assessment methods used during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic and identify effective approaches for future assessments in dental education.MethodsCourse directors at the US dental schools were surveyed for changes in assessments implemented during the early stages of the pandemic (March–July 2020) using the Qualtrics platform. The survey questions addressed assessment methods utilized in didactic, preclinical, and clinical arenas pre‐COVID‐19 (before March 2020) and during the early phase of the pandemic (between March and July 2020) and identified any sustained changes in assessments post‐COVID‐19. Of the 295 responses for the type of courses directed, 48%, 22%, and 30% responses were for didactic, pre‐clinical, and clinical assessments, respectively. Chi‐square tests and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess quantitative differences.ResultsComputer‐based un‐proctored and remote– proctored assessments increased whereas paper‐based in‐person proctored assessments decreased during an early pandemic. For pre‐clinical and clinical courses, objective‐structured clinical exams and case‐based assessments increased whereas, for didactic courses, the number of presentations, short‐answer, and multiple‐choice questions‐based assessments increased. Specimen‐based assessments and patient‐based encounters decreased significantly in didactic and clinical courses, respectively. Manikin‐based exams increased in clinical but not in pre‐clinical courses. Survey respondents disagreed that alternative assessments helped students learn better, resulted in better course evaluations, or were an equivalent replacement for pre‐COVID‐19 assessments. Interestingly, 49% of respondents indicated a likelihood of continuing alternative assessments whereas 36% were unlikely and 15% were neutral.ConclusionsA combination of effective pre‐pandemic and innovative alternative assessments developed during the pandemic may be the new normal in the dental education curriculum.
Variation in methodology obscures clarity of cropland global warming potential estimates
Authors: Liebig Mark A. , Bergh Emma L. , Archer David W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlobal warming potential (GWP) estimates from agroecosystems are valuable for understanding management effects on climate regulation services. However, GWP estimates are complex, including attributes with high spatiotemporal variability. Published GWP estimates from cropland were compiled and methodological attributes known to influence GWP were extracted. Results revealed considerable variation in approaches to estimate GWP. Among carbon balance methods, respiration methods were used most frequently (33%), followed by soil carbon stock change over time (30%). Twenty‐six percent of studies did not account for carbon change in GWP estimates. Duration of gas flux measurements ranged from 0.5 to 60 months, with weekly and sub‐weekly sampling most common (34% and 33%, respectively). Carbon dioxide equivalent conversion factors generally aligned with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recommendations through 2014 but diverged thereafter. This review suggests the need for increased transparency in how GWP estimates are derived and communicated. Presentation of key metadata alongside GWP estimates is recommended.
Pharmaceutical waste disposal practices: a case study of an Australian public hospital pharmacy department
Authors: Singleton Judith A. , Lau Esther T.‐L. , Nissen Lisa M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn Queensland, each hospital and health service (local hospital network) has its own waste reduction and recycling plan to comply with the Queensland Government's Waste Reduction and Recycling Act 2011 (Qld). The aim is to reduce both the hospital's carbon footprint and waste handling costs. Hospital environmental waste services staff do not audit pharmaceutical waste bins as this requires the presence of a registered pharmacist.AimSince previous published studies of healthcare waste disposal practices have not included pharmacy waste bin audits, this study aimed to investigate waste disposal behaviours in a hospital pharmacy department.MethodThis sequential, two‐phase mixed methods study was conducted in a metropolitan, tertiary public hospital's pharmacy department in Queensland. Phase I involved semi‐structured interviews of hospital pharmacists and pharmacy technicians while Phase II comprised bin audits of the pharmacy department's waste streams.ResultsThe bin audits revealed 36.1%, 23.8%, and 4.9% of recyclable waste in the clinical waste stream for each of the three bin audits respectively. In the general waste stream, the two bin audits of this stream revealed 14.3% and 44.4%, respectively. The reasons were identified in the interviews: there were no recycling bins in the main dispensing areas and there was confusion surrounding correct disposal of original containers and non‐contaminated packaging waste. Non‐paper waste was found in the confidential (shredded) waste stream in the two bin audits of this stream (10.1% and 16.7%, respectively).ConclusionProvision of commingled recycling bins and clean office paper waste bins in dispensing areas and education of staff on correct waste segregation processes will improve waste segregation in hospital pharmacy departments with both financial and environmental benefits for the hospital and the general population.
Effects of optimized nitrogen fertilizer management on the yield, nitrogen uptake, and ammonia volatilization of direct‐seeded rice
Authors: Ma Shihao , Wang Guibing , Su Sumiao , Lu Jianwei , Ren Tao , Cong Rihuan , Lu Zhifeng , Zhang Yangyang , Liao Shipeng , Li Xiaokun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDDirect‐seeded rice has been developed rapidly because of labor savings. Changes in rice cultivation methods put forward new requirements for nitrogen (N) fertilizer management practices. Field experiments with five different fertilizer ratios of basal, tillering and panicle fertilizer, namely N1 (10:0:0), N2 (6:2:2), N3 (4:3:3), N4 (2:4:4) and N5 (0:5:5), were conducted to investigate the effects of different N fertilizer management practices on yield formation, N uptakes, and ammonia (NH3) volatilization from paddy fields in direct‐seeded rice.RESULTSThe results showed that the N4 treatment improved grain yield by 5.1% while decreasing NH3 volatilization by 20.4% compared with that of conventional fertilizer treatment (N2). The panicle number per unit area was the key factor to determine the yield of direct‐seeded rice (72%). Excessive N application of basal fertilizer (N1) reduced seedling emergence, N use efficiency, and yield by 45.3%, 160.6%, and 6.9% respectively and increased NH3 volatilization by 28.1% compared with that of the N4 treatment. Removal of basal N fertilizer (N5) N reduced spike number and yield by 13.0% and 6.9% respectively, minimizing NH3 volatilization while affecting the construction of high‐yielding populations compared with that of the N4 treatment.CONCLUSIONOptimized N fertilizer management achieved delayed senescence (maintenance of higher leaf Soil Plant Analysis Development meter values in late reproduction), higher canopy photoassimilation (suitable leaf area), higher N fertilizer use efficiency, and less N loss (lower cumulative NH3 volatilization). © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
A Systematic Temporal Assessment of Changes in Tendon Stiffness Following Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Hackett Lisa , Ting Ryan S. , Lam Patrick H. , Murrell George A. C. 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesHow the material properties of the human supraspinatus tendon change following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is undetermined. Shear wave elastography ultrasound is a relatively new, noninvasive measure of tissue stiffness. We aimed to evaluate any temporal changes in stiffness and/or thickness of supraspinatus tendons in humans following primary arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.MethodsShear wave elastography was performed at three predetermined regions by a single sonographer at 1‐, 6‐, 12‐, 24‐, and 52 weeks postoperatively in 50 consecutive single‐row inverted mattress primary arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs. One‐way ANOVA with Tukey's correction and Spearman's correlation tests was performed.ResultsOf 50 patients, two retore by 1‐week and were excluded. Two patients retore at 6 weeks, two at 12 weeks, and one at 24 weeks. The mean tendon stiffness in 48 patients at the tendon footprint increased by 21% (1.32 m/s) at 6 months (P < .001), with the lateral tendon stiffening before the medial tendon. Tendon thickness decreased by 11% (0.6 mm) at 6 weeks (P = .008), then stabilized to 24 weeks. Tendons that were less elastographically stiff at 1 week were more likely to be thinner at 6‐weeks (r = .38, P = .010).ConclusionsThe data supports the hypothesis that rotator cuff tendons repaired using the single‐row inverted‐mattress technique take 6 weeks to heal to bone. Unlike in other tendons, there was no hypertrophic healing response. Prior to 6 weeks, the tendon may stretch/thin‐out, particularly if its material properties, as assessed by shear wave elastography, are inferior. The material properties of the tendon improved at the tendon insertion site first, then medially out to 12 months post‐repair.
Maternal feeding styles and the risk of overweight in a cohort of Caribbean infants
Authors: Wright Amika S. , Tulloch‐Reid Marshall K. , Chang Susan M. , Walker Susan P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionParental feeding styles in the first years of life may increase childhood overweight risk. There are few studies on this association in children under 2 years. The current study aimed to investigate the association between maternal feeding styles and Caribbean infants’ risk of overweight at 18 months and determine whether maternal depression is an important confounder in the association.MethodsIt is a prospective study of mother–child dyads that participated in a three‐island parenting trial. Maternal and infant characteristics were collected at infant age 6–10 weeks with maternal depression assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES‐D) scale questionnaire. Feeding styles were measured using items from the Toddler Feeding Behaviour Questionnaire at 12 months. Infant weight and length were measured at 18 months, and infants at risk of overweight were defined as weight‐for‐length z‐scores (WLZ) > 1. Factor analysis was used to identify feeding styles and associations with overweight risk assessed using multilevel logistic regression accounting for country and health clinic. Logistic regression models were adjusted for infant and maternal covariates, with a final model including depressive symptom scores.ResultsOf 366 infants assessed, 18.9% were affected by the risk of overweight. Five feeding styles were identified—uninvolved, indulgent, forceful, restrictive and responsive. Only restrictive feeding was associated with an increased risk of overweight (OR [95% CI], 1.61 [1.22, 2.13]). The association strengthened after adjusting for maternal depressive symptoms (OR [95% CI], 1.79 [1.30, 2.30]), representing an 11.18% increase in the risk of overweight odds.ConclusionInterventions that address restrictive feeding may be one strategy to reduce overweight risk among Caribbean maternal–infant dyads.
Frontal eddies provide an oceanographic triad for favorable larval fish habitat
Authors: Suthers Iain M. , Schaeffer Amandine , Archer Matthew , Roughan Moninya , Griffin David A. , Chapman Christopher C. , Sloyan Bernadette M. , Everett Jason D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFrontal eddies form on the shoreward edge of boundary currents, on average at weekly intervals and can last up to several weeks. This duration allows zooplankton production and completion of the larval stage of fish but may be too ephemeral for longer food chains with planktonic predators to establish. Therefore, frontal eddies may provide a suitable offshore nursery habitat, by entraining and retaining inner‐shelf water, preconditioned with coastal plankton and ichthyoplankton, into an upwelling favorable cyclonic eddy. Here, we briefly describe the behavior of frontal eddies formed by western boundary currents in the context of the fundamental ocean triad, which incorporates three processes for the successful reproduction of fish: nutrient enrichment, food concentration, and retention of larvae. We adapt this hypothesis for frontal eddies adjacent to the substantial fisheries production of continental shelves, creating conditions for enhanced recruitment potential of larval cohorts at a finer scale than previously considered. We review the evidence and investigations of frontal eddies in their capacity to entrain coastal water, sustain the plankton community through eddy uplift and retain distinctive coastal communities of larval fish offshore until larval development is complete. The process of frontal eddy formation is complex and such habitats are irregular yet ubiquitous, which present challenges and opportunities for their study. With the advance of ocean observing systems and integration of physical and biological sampling, frontal eddies provide a novel focus for understanding fisheries production and connectivity of coastal ecosystems.
Prenatal phenotype of Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome: A case series and literature review
Authors: Tang Feng , Zeng Yang , Wang Li , Yin Daishu , Chen Lin , Xie Dan , Wang Jing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveWolf–Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a congenital malformation syndrome with poor prognosis. It is associated with a heterozygous deletion of chromosome 4p16.3. Adequate knowledge of prenatal phenotypes and proper prenatal counseling are essential for intrauterine diagnosis.MethodWe retrospectively analyzed 11 prenatal cases of WHS diagnosed using low‐depth whole‐genome sequencing (copy number variation sequencing) performed at our hospital from May 2017 to September 2022 and reviewed their prenatal ultrasound reports in detail. We also analyzed WHS cases (including prenatal and postnatal) with abnormal prenatal ultrasound findings in the published literature over the past 20 years.ResultsAmong the 11 fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of WHS in our hospital, four cases showed abnormal prenatal ultrasound findings, including shrunken kidneys, ventricular septal defect, a small stomach, fetal growth restriction (FGR), enlarged posterior fossa, and soft ultrasonic markers. Our four cases were combined with 114 published WHS cases with prenatal ultrasound abnormalities from other medical institutions. Of the 118 cases, 59.3% (70 of 118) were multiple malformations. The most frequent ultrasound features observed in all 118 cases were FGR (76.3%, 90 of 118), followed by facial anomalies (28.8%, 34 of 118), central nervous system anomalies (27.1%, 32 of 118), and soft ultrasound markers (23.7%, 28 of 118). Other less common phenotypes included cardiac anomalies (19.5%, 23 of 118), genitourinary anomalies (19.5%, 23 of 118), increased NT/NF (12.7%, 15 of 118), skeletal anomalies (11.9%, 14 of 118), a single umbilical artery (10.2%, 12 of 118), gastrointestinal anomalies (9.3%, 11 of 118), oligohydramnios (8.5%, 10 of 118), cystic hygroma (5.1%, six of 118), hydrops/pleural effusion/ascites (2.5%, three of 118), and polyhydramnios (2.5%, three of 118).ConclusionThis study improved our understanding of the prenatal presentation of WHS by analyzing prenatal ultrasound abnormalities. The timely identification of prenatal ultrasound abnormalities can provide accurate consultation for pregnant women, improve the prenatal detection of WHS, and enable early prenatal management and intervention of WHS.
GLIM criteria as a valid tool for nutrition assessment and mortality prediction in treatment‐naïve patients with cancer
Authors: Balcı Cafer , Tufan Gülnihal , Özdemir Nuriye , Aksoy Sercan , Öksüzoğlu Ömür Berna , Zengin Nurullah , Kars Ayşe , Halil Meltem 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundClinical care of patients with cancer mostly focuses on medical management with less attention on disease‐related malnutrition. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) released new criteria for diagnosing malnutrition, but the validation of these criteria in treatment‐naïve patients with cancer is not well documented. This study aimed to investigate the application of the GLIM criteria in nutrition assessment and mortality prediction in treatment‐naïve patients with cancer.MethodsA total of 267 patients newly diagnosed with different types of cancer were enrolled. Nutrition status was assessed with the Patient‐Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG‐SGA) at outpatient clinic admission during the data collection period. Furthermore, after the GLIM criteria publication, nutrition status was assessed retrospectively using the GLIM criteria in the same cohort to assess validity. The agreement between the tools was calculated using kappa statistics, and the association of malnutrition according to each tool and mortality was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 58.06 ± 12.6 years, and 42.7% were women. The prevalence of malnutrition was 60.3% with GLIM criteria and 53.6% with PG‐SGA. Agreement between tools was moderate (κ = 0.483, P < 0.001). During a median follow‐up period of 23.6 months, 99 deaths occurred. Both GLIM‐defined and PG‐SGA–defined malnutrition was independently associated with 2‐year mortality after adjusting for age, sex, presence of comorbidities, and stage of cancer.ConclusionsOur findings support the validation of GLIM in diagnosing malnutrition and predicting 2‐year mortality among treatment‐naïve patients with cancer.