bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constructing the field of values of decomposable and general matrices using the ZNN based path following method
Authors: Uhlig Frank 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper describes and develops a fast and accurate path following algorithm that computes the field of values boundary curve for every conceivable complex or real square matrix . It relies on the matrix flow decomposition algorithm that finds a proper block‐diagonal flow representation for the associated hermitean matrix flow under unitary similarity if that is possible. Here is the 1‐parameter‐varying linear combination of the real and skew part matrices and of . For indecomposable matrix flows, has just one block and the ZNN based field of values algorithm works with directly. For decomposing flows , the algorithm decomposes the given matrix unitarily into block‐diagonal form with diagonal blocks whose individual sizes add up to the size of . It then computes the field of values boundaries separately for each diagonal block using the path following ZNN eigenvalue method. The convex hull of all sub‐fields of values boundary points finally determines the field of values boundary curve correctly for decomposing matrices . The algorithm removes standard restrictions for path following FoV methods that generally cannot deal with decomposing matrices due to possible eigencurve crossings of . Tests and numerical comparisons are included. Our ZNN based method is coded for sequential and parallel computations and both versions run very accurately and fast when compared with Johnson's Francis QR eigenvalue and Bendixson rectangle based method and compute global eigenanalyses of for large discrete sets of angles more slowly.
Efficient algorithms for computing rank‐revealing factorizations on a GPU
Authors: Heavner Nathan , Chen Chao , Gopal Abinand , Martinsson Per‐Gunnar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStandard rank‐revealing factorizations such as the singular value decomposition (SVD) and column pivoted QR factorization are challenging to implement efficiently on a GPU. A major difficulty in this regard is the inability of standard algorithms to cast most operations in terms of the Level‐3 BLAS. This article presents two alternative algorithms for computing a rank‐revealing factorization of the form , where and are orthogonal and is trapezoidal (or triangular if is square). Both algorithms use randomized projection techniques to cast most of the flops in terms of matrix‐matrix multiplication, which is exceptionally efficient on the GPU. Numerical experiments illustrate that these algorithms achieve significant acceleration over finely tuned GPU implementations of the SVD while providing low rank approximation errors close to that of the SVD.
The inherent strain rate method for thermo‐mechanical simulation of directed energy deposition additive manufacturing
Authors: Bellet Michel , Keumo Tematio Joël , Zhang Yancheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo reduce the computational time of thermo‐mechanical simulation of additive manufacturing by directed energy deposition, a new method is proposed, consisting in linearizing the transient standard thermomechanical simulation, by taking advantage of the strong concentration of strain rates around the deposition zone. In practice, a predictor/corrector algorithm is developed. The predictor step consists of a linearized mechanical resolution, which is obtained by considering the scalar generalized viscoplastic strain rate as an inherent strain rate, deduced from resolutions performed during previous time steps. The corrector step consists of a local (e.g., in each finite element) reconstruction of the effective stress field by solving a local nonlinear scalar equation. This predictor/corrector strategy is employed to deal with the dynamic evolution of strain rates and stress, during the distinct stages of the process: deposition, inter‐layer dwell time, and final cooling. With the proposed method, a time gain of around 5 is obtained for both a single wall and a curved turbine blade mock‐up, while the results (distortion and stress) of the full nonlinear thermomechanical resolution are replicated with an excellent accuracy. This makes the new inherent strain rate method a very promising tool for additive manufacturing simulation.
Case reports of two siblings with autism spectrum disorder and 15q13.3 deletions
Authors: Furukawa Sawako , Kushima Itaru , Aleksic Branko , Ozaki Norio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundCopy number variations (CNVs) have been implicated in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Especially, 15q13.3 deletions are strongly associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability (ID), schizophrenia (SCZ), attention deficithyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and mood disorder.Case PresentationWe present two siblings with ASD. They had a father with bipolar disorder (BD). Patient 1 is a 21‐year‐old female with ASD and mild ID, who had language delay and repetitive behavior in childhood, social difficulties, and refused to go to school because of bullying. She was hospitalized in a psychiatric hospital several times. Patient 2 is a 19‐year‐old male with ASD and ADHD. He did not have developmental delay, but had social difficulties and impulsiveness, then refused to go to school because of bullying. He was treated by a psychiatrist for anxiety and disrupted sleep rhythms. Array comparative genomic hybridization was performed for the siblings and parents. 15q13.3 deletions were detected in the siblings and their healthy mothers. No other pathogenic CNVs were detected. We performed whole‐genome sequencing of the family and identified 13 rare missense variants in brain‐expressed genes, which may be responsible for the phenotypic differences between the siblings and their mother.ConclusionsThis study shows incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity in 15q13.3 deletions. We detected second‐hit variants that may explain the phenotypic differences within this family. In addition, detecting 15q13.3 deletions may lead to early diagnosis and a better prognosis with careful follow‐up.
Pepsin Increases the Proliferation of Vocal Cord Leukoplakia Epithelial Cells by Inducing Autophagy
Authors: Chen Zhe , Zhang Jia‐Yu , Jiang Qian , Bao Yang‐Yang , Li Zhi‐Mei , Zhou Shui‐Hong , Zhong Jiang‐Tao , Fu Zi‐Ming , Cao Zai‐Zai , Fan Jun , Yao Hong‐Tian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the role of H+/K+ATPase in the proliferation of pepsin‐induced vocal cord leukoplakia (VCL) cells.Study DesignTranslation research.SettingAffiliated Hospital of University.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was used to detect pepsin, H+/K+ATPase (ATP4A and ATP4B subunits) in VCL cells with varying degrees of dysplasia. After primary cultures of VCL cells had been established, the effects of acidified pepsin on the proliferation, autophagy, and H+/K+‐ATPase distribution of VCL cells were investigated.ResultsThe levels of pepsin, ATP4A, and ATP4B were significantly higher in VCL tissue with moderate‐to‐severe dysplasia than in normal tissue (p < .05); these levels gradually increased according to dysplasia severity. The expression levels of ATP4A and ATP4B were significantly correlated with the amount of pepsin in VCL cells (p < .01). Acidified pepsin enhanced the levels of proliferation and autophagy in human VCL epithelial cells. The cloning‐ and autophagy‐promoting effects of acidified pepsin on VCL cells were partially reversed by pantoprazole; these effects were completely blocked by the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. Finally, acidified pepsin promoted the colocalization of H+/K+‐ATPase and lysosomes in VCL cells; it also mediated lysosome acidification.ConclusionPepsin and H+/K+‐ATPase may contribute to the progression of VCL. Specifically, acidified pepsin may regulate lysosome acidification by promoting lysosomal localization of H+/K+‐ATPase.
Long‐Term Outcomes of Tracheostomy‐Dependent Children
Authors: Liu Palmila , Teplitzky Taylor B. , Kou Yann‐Fuu , Johnson Romaine F. , Chorney Stephen R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the 1‐, 5‐, and 10‐year survival and decannulation rates of children with a tracheostomy.Study DesignAmbidirectional cohort.SettingTertiary children's hospital.MethodsAll patients (<18 years) that had a tracheostomy placed between 2009 and 2020 were included and followed until 21 years of age, decannulation, or death. The Kaplan‐Meier method estimated cumulative probabilities of death and decannulation.ResultsA total of 551 children underwent tracheostomy at a median age of 7.2 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 3.8‐49.2). Children were followed for a median of 2.1 years (IQR: 0.7‐4.2, range 0‐11.5). The cumulative probability of mortality at 1 year was 11.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.4‐15.1), at 5 years was 26.1% (95% CI: 21.6‐31.3), and at 10 years was 41.6% (95% CI: 32.7‐51.8). Ventilator dependence at index discharge (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.10‐3.81, p = .03), severe neurologic disability (HR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.61‐4.84, p < .001), and cardiac disease (HR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.08‐2.65, p = .02) were associated with time to death. The cumulative probability of decannulation was 10.4% (95% CI: 8.0‐13.5), 44.9% (95% CI: 39.4‐50.9), and 54.1% (95% CI: 47.4‐61.1) at 1 year, 5 years, and 10 years, respectively. Ventilator dependence (HR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.31‐0.60, p < .001), severe neurologic disability (HR: 0.20, 95% CI: 0.14‐0.30, p < .001), and tracheostomy indicated for respiratory failure (HR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.48‐0.96, p = .03) correlated with longer decannulation times.ConclusionAfter tracheostomy, estimated mortality approaches 42% by 10 years and decannulation approaches 54%. Children with ventilator support at discharge and severe neurological disability had poorer long‐term survival and longer times to decannulation.
Positive and negative impacts of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor: Healthcare providers' observations across US centers
Authors: Bathgate Christina J. , Muther Emily , Georgiopoulos Anna M. , Smith Beth , Tillman Laura , Graziano Sonia , Verkleij Marieke , Lomas Paula , Quittner Alexandra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundElexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) has been associated with unprecedented clinical improvements, transforming the management of cystic fibrosis (CF). However, side effects with implications for safety and well‐being have been reported, including neuropsychiatric changes. This study aimed to better characterize the emerging positive and negative impacts of ETI.MethodsThe Cystic Fibrosis Foundation's Mental Health Advisory Committee distributed a 26‐item survey to US CF care teams to assess clinician observations of patient‐reported experiences with ETI. Survey responses measured the prevalence of these effects in five domains: (1) positive physical and psychological effects, (2) sleep difficulties, (3) cognitive difficulties, (4) worsening mental health, and (5) concerns about the future and finances.ResultsSeventy‐five healthcare providers responded from a pediatric, adult, and combined centers. Positive physical effects of ETI and increased optimism were reported in the upper quartiles (50%–100%) and rated as having a significant impact on daily functioning. Sleep and cognitive difficulties were reported in 1%–24%, with slight impacts on functioning, and psychological symptoms (e.g., increased stress, depression, anxiety) and new psychiatric medications were reported in 1%–24%, with moderate impacts. Concerns about the future were reported in 1%–24%, with minimal impacts.ConclusionAcross US centers, providers most often observed positive physical effects of ETI. However, a variety of negative side effects were also reported, including sleep disruptions and worsening psychological functioning, which should be systematically monitored by CF teams. These national‐level data are a first step in evaluating the prevalence and consequences of these side effects and can directly inform future studies.
A “Cool” extraction technique for difficult pediatric airway foreign bodies: Report of two cases
Authors: Tayal Anshula , Shekh Irfan , Karthik A. R. , Jat Kana Ram , Dhochak Nitin , Mittal Saurabh , Gupta Nishkarsh , Kabra Sushil K. , Madan Karan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractForeign body (FB) aspiration is a potentially life‐threatening accident in children. Traditionally, rigid bronchoscopy has been the procedure of choice for FB removal, however it may miss distally lodged FBs. We report two pediatric cases with distal impacted FBs that could not be retrieved by rigid bronchoscopy (RB) and were mobilised using Fogarty balloon followed by flexible bronchoscopic cryoextraction. The advantage of a cryoprobe is lower risk of fragmentation of FB that may occur with forceps. Cryoextraction is particularly advantageous for removing water‐containing FBs. In both patients, FB was removed more than 2 weeks following aspiration, leading to the formation of granulation tissue around the FB, which considerably hampered the process. Using a laryngeal mask airway to secure the airway, FB removal by flexible bronchoscopy may be a safe and effective technique in skilled hands, especially for FBs impacted in distal airways with granulation tissue where RB fails.
Replenishing the pipeline: A quantitative approach to optimising the sourcing of new projects
Authors: Wiklund Stig Johan , Önnheim Magnus , Ytterstad Magnus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLarge pharmaceutical companies maintain a portfolio of assets, some of which are projects under development while others are on the market and generating revenue. The budget allocated to R&D may not always be sufficient to fund all the available projects for development. Much attention has been paid to the selection of optimal subsets of available projects to fit within the available budget. In this paper, we argue the need for a forward‐looking approach to portfolio decision‐making. We develop a quantitative model that allows the portfolio management to evaluate the need for future inflow of new projects to achieve revenue at desired levels, often aspiring to a certain annual revenue growth. Optimisation methods are developed for the presented model, allowing an optimal choice of number, timing and type of projects to be added to the portfolio. The proposed methodology allows for a proactive approach to portfolio management, prioritisation, and optimisation. It provides a quantitatively based support for strategic decisions regarding the efforts needed to secure the future development pipeline and revenue stream of the company.
Composite learning control of strict‐feedback nonlinear system with unknown control gain function
Authors: Shou Yingxin , Xu Bin , Pu Huayan , Luo Jun , Shi Zhongke 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe composite learning control with the heterogeneous estimator is proposed to deal with the multiple uncertainties of strict‐feedback nonlinear systems. The article applies the recorded data‐based neural learning and the disturbance observer (DOB) to learn the multiple uncertainties, including the nonlinear dynamics, the unknown control gain function (CGF), and the time‐varying disturbance. The lumped prediction error is constructed and included into the update law by neural approximation and disturbance observation. Furthermore, the asymmetric saturation nonlinearity (ASN) of the control input is represented by the smooth form model to ensure the input limitation, and a projection algorithm is adopted to avoid the singularity problem. The closed‐loop system stability is rigorously analyzed and the boundedness of the system tracking error is guaranteed. Through the tests of the third‐order nonlinear system and the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), it is observed that the proposed approach can improve the system tracking accuracy with the expected learning performance.
A predefined time decentralized adaptive tracking control method for interconnected nonlinear systems
Authors: Song Chang , Sun Haibin , Hou Linlin 
Published: June 2023

SummaryIn this paper, the problem of predefined time adaptive decentralized tracking control for a class of interconnected nonlinear systems is investigated. Firstly, a time‐varying constraint function is introduced to convert the tracking control problem into one with a constraint on tracking error, which can successfully remove the restriction of initial conditions. Secondly, the asymmetric constraint requirements on tracking error are achieved via defining a novel coordinate transformation function. Then, based on the proposed constraint function and the backstepping method, a decentralized adaptive controller is constructed. Furthermore, it is proved that all signals of the closed‐loop system are globally uniformly ultimately bounded (GUUB) via Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is confirmed by two simulation examples.
Inertial preintegration for VI‐SLAM by the screw motion theory
Authors: Bessaad Nassim , Qilian Bao , Jiankang Zhao , Benoudina Nardjess , Sun Shuodong , Zhang Xuwei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMost smoothing‐based visual‐inertial simultaneous localization and mapping algorithms (VI‐SLAM) rely on the Lie algebra processing of the inertial measurements. This approach is limited in its decoupled update of the attitude by using SO3 and velocity increments by SE3. In addition to limitations on only point transformation between frames. We present a novel approach to handling inertial measurement unit (IMU) measurements between two camera frames by the screw motion theory. Where rigid body dynamics are concisely represented by the compact unit dual quaternion. With this approach, the limitations of point transformation are mitigated by the superior Plücker line transformation and the states update is achieved by a single coupled operation. To harness this consistent framework for a smoothing‐based VI‐SLAM, the screw motion twist parameter is based on the raw IMU measurements. Then, a consistent residual cost function with the corresponding Jacobian and covariance updates is derived for graph‐optimization algorithm respecting the screw motion paradigm. A transition method is proposed to overcome the issues of over‐parametrization by the unit dual quaternion. solving all singularity threats while saving the advantages of adopting the twist operator. Finally, the loftier performance of the proposed algorithms is attested by simulation and real‐world experiments.
Development of a Solid Bio‐Electrolyte from a Seaweed Extract – Polyvinyl Alcohol Blend for Primary Mg‐Ion Conducting Batteries
Authors: Suvarnna K. , Shanjitha S. , Selvasekarapandian S. , Kirubavathy S. Jone 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA novel solid bio‐electrolyte from seaweed acts as a potential candidate for electrolytes in batteries by solution casting technique. The ethanol extract of seaweed Sargassum Muticum (SME) is blended with PVA to prepare the bio‐membrane and along with MgCl2 as the ionic provider, a solid bio‐electrolyte is produced. The ionic conductivity of the prepared bio‐membrane, 1 g SME+0.8 g PVA is 1.57×10−6 S cm−1. XRD analysis affirms the amorphous nature of the prepared bio‐electrolytes and the highest degree of amorphous nature is apparent for the composition of 1 g SME+0.8 g PVA+0.7 wt% MgCl2. Complex formation between the SME, polyvinyl alcohol, and the added charge carrier has been made evident from the FTIR technique. Thermal properties of the bio‐electrolytes by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are supported by the low Tg. Electrochemical impedance analysis for the prepared bio‐electrolytes and the maximum ionic conductivity of 2.22×10−3 S cm−1 is exhibited by 1 g SME+0.8 g PVA+0.7 wt% MgCl2 membrane. A primary magnesium‐ion conducting battery has been constructed with the highest conducting bio‐electrolyte membrane and an open circuit voltage of 2.18 V validates the application of this bio‐membrane as a promising solid electrolyte for energy storage devices.
Pyrazoline Derivative as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Medium: Experimental and Theoretical Approach
Authors: Shekara Prathima , Kudva Jyothi , Sadashiva Rajitha , Naral Damodara , Dsouza Pramila Rita , Shetty Nithyananda A 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA new pyrazoline derivative, 1‐[5‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐3‐(6‐methoxypyridine‐3‐yl)‐4‐5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl]‐ethane‐1‐one (BMDP) was synthesised using chalcone derivative. The FTIR, 1HNMR, and mass spectral analysis were performed to validate the synthesised compound. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization techniques were performed to evaluate BMDP as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel. The corrosion inhibition was observed to rise with an increase in BMDP concentration and decline with an increase in temperature. The maximum inhibition efficiency of 91.1 % was reported at 303 K in 40 ppm of BMDP concentration. Activation and adsorption parameters were found with statistical thermodynamic calculations. The surface investigation of the metal surface was performed by SEM, AFM and EDX techniques. UV‐visible spectroscopy was used to realise the inhibitor‐metal complex formation. The quantum chemical computations were performed by density functional theory using Gaussian 16 software, and the theoretical calculations confirm the outstanding anticorrosive property of BMDP at the diminutive level as analysed in electrochemical studies.
Molecular Docking and Pharmacoinformatics Studies Reveal Potential Phytochemicals against Target TNIK Receptors in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Bagabir Sali Abubaker 
Published: June 2023

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and can occur due to multiple reasons, one being induced by constitutive activation of the Wnt pathway. Traf2‐ and Nck‐interacting kinase (TNIK), the regulatory component of the Wnt pathway is responsible for the increase in the infiltrative capability of cancerous cells in CRC. The purpose of this study was to identify a phytochemical that could act as a drug to combat CRC by targeting TNIK. The TNIK model was docked against a dataset of 5000 phytochemicals using Molecular Operating Environment software which revealed seven‐candidate phytochemicals namely Berbamine, Epigallocatechin Gallate, Nimbothalin, Blepharocalyxin E, Rutin, BYCHRKNAQYPJPR‐DAZOONRXSA‐N and Blepharocalyxin B as potential inhibitor of TNIK. The Berbamine, Nimbothalin, and Epigallocatechin Gallate were selected for MD simulation study ascribed to sound pharmacokinetic features and propitious ADMET properties. Further studies are required to scrutinize these phytochemicals as a mainstream drug for TNIK in colorectal cancer.
Guanidine Hydrochloride Catalyzed One‐Pot Multi‐Component Synthesis of Pyrazolopyranopyrimidine
Authors: Barkule Angad B. , Gadkari Yatin U. , Salim Simren S. , Lomte Savita B. , Telvekar Vikas N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn expeditious and highly efficient methodology for the synthesis of pyrazolopyranopyrimidine under aqueous conditions is reported using guanidine hydrochloride as a catalyst. One‐pot multicomponent synthesis from aryl/heterocyclic aldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, barbituric acid, and hydrazine hydrate to give the final compound in moderate to excellent yield. The recyclability (up to 4 cycles), safe, low cost, and wide stability profile of guanidine hydrochloride fulfil the ideal properties of the catalyst. The current protocol shows several advantages such as its environmentally benign nature, shorter reaction time, high yield, simple work‐up procedure, broad substrate tolerance, absence of hazardous organic solvent, etc.