bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dark matter and dark radiation from the early universe with a modulus coupled to the PQMSSM
Authors: Baer Howard , Barger Vernon , Deal Robert Wiley 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The supersymmetrized DFSZ axion model is especially compelling in that it contains 1. the SUSY solution to the gauge hierarchy problem, 2. the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) solution to the strong CP problem and 3. the Kim-Nilles solution to the SUSY μ problem. In a string setting, where a discrete R-symmetry ($$ {\textbf{Z}}_{24}^R $$

Z
24
R

for example) may emerge from the compactification process, a high-quality accidental axion (accion) can emerge from the accidental, approximate remnant global U(1)PQ symmetry where the decay constant fa is linked to the SUSY breaking scale, and is within the cosmological sweet zone. In this setup, one also expects the presence of stringy remnant moduli fields ϕi. Here, we consider the situation of a single light modulus ϕ coupled to the PQMSSM in the early universe, with mixed axion plus higgsino-like WIMP dark matter. We evaluate dark matter and dark radiation production via nine coupled Boltzmann equations and assess the severity of the cosmological moduli problem (CMP) along with dark matter and dark radiation production rates. We find that typically the light modulus mass should be mϕ ≳ 104 TeV to avoid the moduli-induced dark matter overproduction problem. If one is able to (anthropically) tune the modulus field amplitude, we find a value of ϕ0 ≲ 10–7mP would be required to solve the overall CMP.
To Half-Be or Not To Be?
Authors: de Rham Claudia , Garcia-Saenz Sebastian , Heisenberg Lavinia , Pozsgay Victor , Wang Xinmiao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
It has recently been argued that half degrees of freedom could emerge in Lorentz and parity invariant field theories, using a non-linear Proca field theory dubbed Proca-Nuevo as a specific example. We provide two proofs, using the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian pictures, that the theory possesses a pair of second class constraints, leaving D − 1 degrees of freedom in D spacetime dimensions, as befits a consistent Proca model. Our proofs are explicit and straightforward in two dimensions and we discuss how they generalize to an arbitrary number of dimensions. We also clarify why local Lorentz and parity invariant field theories cannot hold half degrees of freedom.
Isospin mass differences of the B, D and K
Authors: Rowe Matthew , Zwicky Roman 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We compute the electromagnetic mass difference for the B-, D- and K-mesons using QCD sum rules with double dispersion relations. For the B- and D-mesons we also compute the linear quark mass correction, whereas for the K the standard soft theorems prove more powerful. The mass differences, which have not previously been computed via a double dispersion, are fully consistent with experiment, albeit with large uncertainties.
Cornering large-Nc QCD with positivity bounds
Authors: Fernandez Clara , Pomarol Alex , Riva Francesco , Sciotti Francesco 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The simple analytic structure of meson scattering amplitudes in the large-Nc limit, combined with positivity of the spectral density, provides precise predictions on low-energy observables. Building upon previous studies, we explore the allowed regions of chiral Lagrangian parameters and meson couplings to pions. We reveal a structure of kinks at all orders in the chiral expansion and develop analytical tools to show that kinks always correspond to amplitudes with a single light pole. We build (scalar- and vector-less) deformations of the Lovelace-Shapiro and Coon UV-complete amplitudes, and show that they lie close to the boundaries. Moreover, constraints from crossing-symmetry imply that meson couplings to pions become smaller as their spin increases, providing an explanation for the success of Vector Meson Dominance and holographic QCD. We study how these conclusions depend on assumptions about the high-energy behavior of amplitudes. Finally, we emphasize the complementarity between our results and Lattice computations in the exploration of large-Nc QCD.
Multilokuläres Pyoderma gangraenosum
Authors: Kögel Julian , Berneburg Mark , Karrer Sigrid , Drexler Konstantin , Niebel Dennis 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungVorstellung einer 16-jährigen Patientin mit vorbekannter Acne vulgaris in reduziertem Allgemeinzustand mit akut aufgetretenen, schmerzhaften Ulzerationen. Die Infektparameter zeigten sich stark erhöht, es bestand kein Fieber. Wir stellten die Diagnose eines multilokulären Pyoderma gangraenosum. Nebenbefundlich konnte eine primär biliäre Cholangitis diagnostiziert werden. Wir führten eine systemische Kortikosteroidtherapie durch sowie eine Therapie mit Ursodesoxycholsäure. Hierunter kam es zu einer raschen Besserung. Ein PAPA-Syndrom konnte humangenetisch ausgeschlossen werden.
Influence of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone on the immunohistochemical expression of oestrogen receptors and liver enzyme genes in vivo in prepubertal gilts
Authors: Gajęcka Magdalena , Otrocka-Domagała Iwona , Brzuzan Paweł , Zielonka Łukasz , Dąbrowski Michał , Gajęcki Maciej T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDeoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) are often detected in plant materials used to produce feed for pre-pubertal gilts. Daily exposure to small amounts of these mycotoxins causes subclinical conditions in pigs and affects various biological processes (e.g. mycotoxin biotransformation). The aim of this preclinical study was to evaluate the effect of low monotonic doses of DON and ZEN (12 µg/kg body weight—BW—and 40 µg/kg BW, respectively), administered alone or in combination to 36 prepubertal gilts for 42 days, on the degree of immunohistochemical expression of oestrogen receptors (ERs) in the liver and the mRNA expression of genes encoding selected liver enzymes during biotransformation processes. The level of expression of the analysed genes proves that the tested mycotoxins exhibit variable biological activity at different stages of biotransformation. The biological activity of low doses of mycotoxins determines their metabolic activity. Therefore, taking into account the impact of low doses of mycotoxins on energy-intensive processes and their endogenous metabolism, it seems that the observed situation may lead to the activation of adaptation mechanisms.
Role of miR-24-3p and miR-146a-5p in dendritic cells’ maturation process induced by contact sensitizers
Authors: Galbiati Valentina , Lefevre Marine-Alexia , Maddalon Ambra , Vocanson Marc , Iulini Martina , Marinovich Marina , Corsini Emanuela 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMiRNAs are non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Although allergic contact dermatitis has been studied extensively, few studies addressed miRNA expression and their role in dendritic cell activation. The main aim of this work was to investigate the role of miRNAs in the underlying mechanism of dendritic cell maturation induced by contact sensitizers of different potency. Experiments were conducted using THP-1-derived immature DCs (iDCs). Contact allergens of different potency were used: p-benzoquinone, Bandrowski’s base, and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene as extreme; nickel sulfate hexahydrate, diethyl maleate and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole as moderate; and α-hexyl cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and imidazolidinyl urea as weak. Selective inhibitor and mimic miRNAs were then used and several cell surface markers was evaluated as targets. Also, patients patch tested with nickel were analyzed to determine miRNAs expression. Results indicate an important role of miR-24-3p and miR-146a-5p in DCs activation. miR-24-3p was up-regulated by extreme and weak contact allergens, while miR-146a-5p was up-regulated by weak and moderate contact allergens and down-regulated only by the extreme ones. Also, the involvement of PKCβ in contact allergen-induced miR-24-3p and miR-146a-5p expression was demonstrated. Furthermore, the expression of the two miRNAs maintains the same trend of expression in both in vitro and in human conditions after nickel exposure. Results obtained suggest the involvement of miR-24 and miR-146a in DCs maturation process in the proposed in vitro model, supported also by human evidences.
Development and validation of a hybrid simulator for ultrasound-guided laparoscopic common bile duct exploration
Authors: Shao Marine Y. , Aburrous Mohamed , Huson David , Parraman Carinna , Hardeberg Jon Y. , Clark James 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Ultrasound-guided laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) is the surgical management of choledocholithiasis. The procedure presents significant benefits to patients but still fails to be generalised because of the complex set of skills it requires. A simulator for ultrasound-guided LCBDE would allow trainee surgeons as well as experienced surgeons who perform this surgery seldomly to practice and gain confidence.

Methods
This article presents the development and validation of an easily reproducible hybrid simulator for ultrasound-guided LCBDE which integrates real and virtual components of the task. We first developed a physical model made of silicone. The fabrication technique is replicable and allows quick and easy production of multiple models. We then applied virtual components onto the model to create training for laparoscopic ultrasound examination. Combined with a commercially available lap-trainer and surgical equipment, the model can be used for training the fundamental steps of the surgery through the trans-cystic or trans-choledochal approaches. The simulator was evaluated through face, content, and construct validation.

Results
Two novices, eight middle grades, and three experts were recruited to test the simulator. The results of the face validation showed that the surgeons found the model realistic visually and felt realistic when performing the different steps of the surgery. The content validation indicated the usefulness of having a training system to practice the choledochotomy, the choledochoscopy and stone retrieval, and the suturing. The construct validation highlighted the ability of the simulator to differentiate between surgeons with various levels of expertise.

Conclusions
The hybrid simulator presented is a low-cost yet realistic model which allows the surgeons to practice the technical skills required for trans-cystic and trans-choledochal ultrasound-guided LCBDE.
The impact of delayed gastric emptying as measured by gastric emptying scintigraphy on the outcome of magnetic sphincter augmentation
Authors: Eriksson Sven E. , Zheng Ping , Sarici Inanc S. , Shen Xinxin , Jobe Blair A. , Ayazi Shahin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The impact of delayed gastric emptying (DGE) on the outcome of anti-reflux surgery (ARS) is controversial. There is concern that poor gastric emptying diminishes outcomes. Magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) may have a comparatively mild impact on gastric physiology, but the relationship between DGE and MSA outcomes is unknown. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between objective DGE and MSA outcomes over time.

Methods
Patients who completed gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) prior to MSA between 2013 and 2021 were included. DGE was defined as a 4 h retention > 10% or half emptying time > 90 min on GES. Outcomes were compared between DGE and normal gastric emptying (NGE) groups at 6 months, 1 and 2 years. Sub-analysis of patients with severe (> 35%) DGE and correlation analysis between 4-h retention and symptom and acid-normalization were performed.

Results
The study population consisted of 26 (19.8%) patients with DGE and 105 with NGE. DGE was associated with more 90-days readmissions (18.5 vs 2.9%, p = 0.009).
At 6 months patients with DGE had higher median (IQR) GERD-HRQL total [17.0(10–29) vs 5.5(3–16), p = 0.0013], heartburn [1(1–3) vs 0(0–1), p = 0.0010) and gas-bloat [4(2–5) vs 2(1–3), p = 0.033] scores.
Outcomes at 1 and 2 years follow-up were comparable (p > 0.05). From 6 months to 1-year the gas-bloat score decreased from 4(2–5) to 3(1–3), p = 0.041. Total and heartburn scores decreased, but not significantly.
Severe DGE (n = 4) patients had lower antiacid medication freedom at 6 months (75 vs 87%, p = 0.014) and 1-year (50 vs 92%, p = 0.046). There were non-significant trends for higher GERD-HRQL scores, dissatisfaction, and removal rates in severe DGE at 6 months and 1-year.
There was a weak correlation between 4-h retention and 6-month GERD-HRQL total score [R = 0.253, 95%CI (0.09–0.41), p = 0.039], but not acid-normalization (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
Outcomes after MSA are diminished early on in patients with mild-to-moderate DGE, but comparable by 1 year and durable at 2 years. Severe DGE outcomes may be suboptimal.

Graphical abstract
Anytime bottom-up rule learning for large-scale knowledge graph completion
Authors: Meilicke Christian , Chekol Melisachew Wudage , Betz Patrick , Fink Manuel , Stuckeschmidt Heiner 
Published: June 2023

AbstractKnowledge graph completion is the task of predicting correct facts that can be expressed by the vocabulary of a given knowledge graph, which are not explicitly stated in that graph. Broadly, there are two main approaches for solving the knowledge graph completion problem. Sub-symbolic approaches embed the nodes and/or edges of a given graph into a low-dimensional vector space and use a scoring function to determine the plausibility of a given fact. Symbolic approaches learn a model that remains within the primary representation of the given knowledge graph. Rule-based approaches are well-known examples. One such approach is AnyBURL. It works by sampling random paths, which are generalized into Horn rules. Previously published results show that the prediction quality of AnyBURL is close to current state of the art with the additional benefit of offering an explanation for a predicted fact. In this paper, we propose several improvements and extensions of AnyBURL. In particular, we focus on AnyBURL’s capability to be successfully applied to large and very large datasets. Overall, we propose four separate extensions: (i) We add to each rule a set of pairwise inequality constraints which enforces that different variables cannot be grounded by the same entities, which results into more appropriate confidence estimations. (ii) We introduce reinforcement learning to guide path sampling in order to use available computational resources more efficiently. (iii) We propose an efficient sampling strategy to approximate the confidence of a rule instead of computing its exact value. (iv) We develop a new multithreaded AnyBURL, which incorporates all previously mentioned modifications. In an experimental study, we show that our approach outperforms both symbolic and sub-symbolic approaches in large-scale knowledge graph completion. It has a higher prediction quality and requires significantly less time and computational resources.
Labour relations and working conditions of workers on smallholder cocoa farms in Ghana
Authors: Kissi Evans Appiah , Herzig Christian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe millions of farm workers in the Global South are an important resource for smallholder producers. However, research on their labour organisation is limited. This article focuses on smallholder farm workers in Ghana’s cocoa sector, drawing on insights from qualitative interviews and the concept of bargaining power. We review the labour relations and working conditions of two historical and informally identified labour supply setups (LSSs) in Ghana’s cocoa sector, namely, hired labour and Abusa, a form of landowner–caretaker relations, and identify an imbalance of horizontal power. Further, we analyse the labour relations and working conditions of an emerging and formal LSS in Ghana’s cocoa sector: private labour providers (PLPs). We argue that PLPs are likely to address the imbalance of horizontal power between farm workers and smallholders and bring about significant improvements in the working conditions of farm workers. We also assess the sustainability potential and limitations of PLPs and argue that tensions exist. We contribute to the growing horizontal power perspective by providing avenues for research and policy related to promoting sustained labour rights for farm workers in smallholder agriculture in the Global South.
Association Between rs217727 and rs2839698 H19 Polymorphisms and Obesity
Authors: Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh , Dadyar Maryam , Azizi Shahryar , Eslami Solat , Hussen Bashdarm Mahmud , Taheri Mohammad , Rashnoo Fariborz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObesity is a worldwide health problem with an increasing trend. This condition has a significant genetic background. H19 lncRNA has been shown to protect from dietary obesity through decreasing levels of monoallelic genes in brown fat. In the current study, we aimed to find the association between two possibly functional H19 polymorphisms, namely rs217727 and rs2839698 and obesity in Iranian population. These polymorphisms have been shown to affect risk of some obesity-related conditions in different populations. The study included 414 obese cases and 392 controls. Notably, both rs2839698 and rs217727 were associated with obesity in the allelic model as well as all supposed inheritance models. In addition, after adjustment for gender, all P values remained significant. For rs2839698, the OR (95% CI) for T allele vs. C allele was 3.29 (2.67–4.05) (P-value < 0.0001). In the co-dominant model, both TT and CT genotypes were found to confer risk of obesity compared with CC genotype (OR (95% CI)= 14.02 (8.39–23.43) and 9.45 (6.36–14.04), respectively). Similarly, combination of TT and CT genotypes had an OR (95% CI) = 10.32 (7.03–15.17) when compared with CC genotype. For rs217727, the T allele was found to exert a protective effect (OR (95% CI) = 0.6 (0.48–0.75)). Moreover, in the co-dominant model, OR (95% CI) values for TT and TC genotypes vs. CC genotype were 0.23 (0.11–0.46) and 0.65 (0.49–0.87), respectively. Taken together, H19 polymorphisms may affect risk of obesity in Iranian population. It is necessary to conduct functional studies to confirm a causal relationship between the rs217727 and rs2839698 polymorphisms and obesity.
Supporting implementation science and health equity in cancer prevention and control through research networks
Authors: Adsul Prajakta , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Young Alexa L. , Lee Rebecca J. , Brandt Heather M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN) is a national network of academic, public health, and community organizational partners across multiple geographic sites who collaborate to reduce the cancer burden in diverse communities. Given key recommendations that suggest the need for cross-disciplinary collaboration in cancer prevention and control, we sought to explore the historical and contemporary evolution of health equity and disparities research as an area of focus within the CPCRN over time. We conducted 22 in-depth interviews with former and current leaders, co-investigators, and other members of the network. Several key themes emerged from data that were analyzed and interpreted using a constructivist, reflexive, thematic analysis approach. Nearly all participants reported a strong focus on studying health disparities since the inception of the CPCRN, which offered the network a distinct advantage in recent years for incorporating an intentional focus on health equity. Recent law enforcement injustices and the inequities observed during the COVID-19 pandemic have further invigorated network activities around health equity, such as development of a health equity-focused workgroup toolkit, among other cross-center activities. Several participants noted that, in terms of deep, meaningful, and impactful health equity-oriented research, there are still great strides for the network to make, while also acknowledging CPCRN as well-aligned with the national dialogue led by federal agency partners around health equity. Finally, several future directions were mentioned by the participants, including a focus on supporting a diverse workforce and engaging organizational partners and community members in equity-focused research. Findings from these interviews provide direction for the network in advancing the science in cancer prevention and control, with a strengthened focus on health equity.
Mitral valve regurgitation assessed by intraventricular CMR 4D-flow: a systematic review on the technological aspects and potential clinical applications
Authors: Safarkhanlo Yasaman , Jung Bernd , Bernhard Benedikt , Peper Eva S. , Kwong Raymond Y. , Bastiaansen Jessica A. M. , Gräni Christoph 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) four-dimensional (4D) flow is a novel method for flow quantification potentially helpful in management of mitral valve regurgitation (MVR). In this systematic review, we aimed to depict the clinical role of intraventricular 4D-flow in MVR. The reproducibility, technical aspects, and comparison against conventional techniques were evaluated. Published studies on SCOPUS, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were included using search terms on 4D-flow CMR in MVR. Out of 420 screened articles, 18 studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. All studies (n = 18, 100%) assessed MVR using 4D-flow intraventricular annular inflow (4D-flowAIM) method, which calculates the regurgitation by subtracting the aortic forward flow from the mitral forward flow. Thereof, 4D-flow jet quantification (4D-flowjet) was assessed in 5 (28%), standard 2D phase-contrast (2D-PC) flow imaging in 8 (44%) and the volumetric method (the deviation of left ventricle stroke volume and right ventricular stroke volume) in 2 (11%) studies. Inter-method correlations among the 4 MVR quantification methods were heterogeneous across studies, ranging from moderate to excellent correlations. Two studies compared 4D-flowAIM to echocardiography with moderate correlation. In 12 (63%) studies the reproducibility of 4D-flow techniques in quantifying MVR was studied. Thereof, 9 (75%) studies investigated the reproducibility of the 4D-flowAIM method and the majority (n = 7, 78%) reported good to excellent intra- and inter-reader reproducibility. Intraventricular 4D-flowAIM provides high reproducibility with heterogeneous correlations to conventional quantification methods. Due to the absence of a gold standard and unknown accuracies, future longitudinal outcome studies are needed to assess the clinical value of 4D-flow in the clinical setting of MVR.
Nonwoven fabrics developed from agriculture and industrial waste for acoustic and thermal applications
Authors: Periyasamy Aravin Prince , Karunakaran Geyandraprasath , Rwahwire Samson , Kesari Kavindra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNumerous researchers in the field of noise control and acoustics have found success in using biomaterials to create a porous sound absorber that is both effective and environmentally friendly. This paper discusses the utilization of fibers extracted from the waste from coffee husk (CH) and waste from the cotton (CO) spinning industry to be an alternative to synthetic-based acoustic materials. The study was conducted within the range of 50–6300 (Hz) frequency. Five well-known mathematical prediction models, namely Delany–Bazley (D–B), Garai–Pompoli (G–P), Miki, Allard Champoux (AC), and Johnson–Champoux–Allard (JCA) models are theoretically used to predict the sound absorption coefficient of nonwoven fibrous materials. When compared with the experimental data, it was discovered that the JCA and AC model is the most acceptable model for predicting the absorption behavior of CH/CO nonwoven fibrous materials. Additionally, the thermal insulation of nonwoven fibrous materials has been experimentally and numerically studied. It is noteworthy that, when compared to the Herman model, the Bhattacharyya model’s results showed slightly greater thermal conductivities. Overall, this work used an environmentally friendly way to turn waste into a valuable product.