bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Food Handlers in
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghafari Wejdan 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Several outbreaks of foodborne illness have recently occurred in Saudi Arabia, posing a public health concern, especially considering the increasing trend of food consumption at restaurants.

Objectives:
This study evaluates the food safety knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported practices among food handlers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and their association with the food handlers’ sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was performed for a convenience sample of 80 food handlers (15–65 years old), followed by face-to-face interviews. A validated questionnaire with 65 questions across four sections (sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practice related to food safety) was utilized for data collection. Data entry and analysis were conducted using the SPSS version 26 software.

Results:
Most of the participants exhibited moderate levels of food safety knowledge and practices and a high level of food safety attitudes. Food safety knowledge was significantly greater among the oldest participants (>45 years old), those holding valid health cards, and those who had attended training courses (p<0.05). However, no significant differences in food safety attitudes and practices were found based on the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants (p>0.05). Food safety knowledge was found to be significantly correlated with the food safety attitudes of the participants (r= 0.379, p= 0.001), and food safety attitudes were significantly correlated with practices (r= 0.264, p= 0.018).

Conclusion:
This study revealed that continuous implementation of food safety educational and training programs is necessary to improve the knowledge of food handlers and transform it into appropriate attitudes and practices.
The Diagnostic Features of Peripheral Blood Biomarkers in Identifying
Osteoarthritis Individuals: Machine Learning Strategies and Clinical Evidence
Authors: Zhou Qiao , Liu Jian , Xin Ling , Hu Yuedi , Qi Yajun 
Published: August 2023

Background:
People with osteoarthritis place a huge burden on society. Early diagnosis
is essential to prevent disease progression and to select the best treatment strategy more effectively.
In this study, the aim was to examine the diagnostic features and clinical value of peripheral
blood biomarkers for osteoarthritis.

Objective:
The goal of this project was to investigate the diagnostic features of peripheral blood
and immune cell infiltration in osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods:
Two eligible datasets (GSE63359 and GSE48556) were obtained from the GEO database
to discern differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The machine learning strategy was employed
to filtrate diagnostic biomarkers for OA. Additional verification was implemented by collecting
clinical samples of OA. The CIBERSORT website estimated relative subsets of RNA transcripts
to evaluate the immune-inflammatory states of OA. The link between specific DEGs and
clinical immune-inflammatory markers was found by correlation analysis.

Results:
Overall, 67 robust DEGs were identified. The nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group C
member 2 (NR2C2), transcription factor 4 (TCF4), stromal antigen 1 (STAG1), and interleukin 18
receptor accessory protein (IL18RAP) were identified as effective diagnostic markers of OA in
peripheral blood. All four diagnostic markers showed significant increases in expression in OA.
Analysis of immune cell infiltration revealed that macrophages are involved in the occurrence of
OA. Candidate diagnostic markers were correlated with clinical immune-inflammatory indicators
of OA patients.

Conclusion:
We highlight that DEGs associated with immune inflammation (NR2C2, TCF4,
STAG1, and IL18RAP) may be potential biomarkers for peripheral blood in OA, which are also
associated with clinical immune-inflammatory indicators.
The Potential Roles of Ficus carica Extract in the Management of COVID-19
Viral Infections: A Computer-aided Drug Design Study
Authors: Hamed Mahmoud , Khalifa Maha , El Hassab Mahmoud A. , Abourehab Mohammed A. S. , Al Kamaly Omkulthom , Alanazi Ashwag S. , Eldehna Wagdy M. , Mansour Fotouh R. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
The conventional processes of drug discovery are too expensive, timeconsuming
and the success rate is limited. Searching for alternatives that have evident safety and
potential efficacy could save money, time and improve the current therapeutic regimen outcomes.

Method:
Clinical phytotherapy implies the use of extracts of natural origin for prophylaxis,
treatment, or management of human disorders. In this work, the potential role of common Fig (Ficus
carica) in the management of COVID-19 infections has been explored. The antiviral effects
of Cyanidin 3-rhamnoglucoside which is abundant in common Figs have been illustrated on COVID-19 targets. The immunomodulatory effect and the ability to ameliorate the cytokine storm
associated with coronavirus infections have also been highlighted. This work involves various
computational studies to investigate the potential roles of common figs in the management of
COVID-19 viral infections.

Results:
Two molecular docking studies of all active ingredients in common Figs were conducted
starting with MOE to provide initial insights, followed by Autodock Vina for further confirmation
of the results of the top five compounds with the best docking score.

Conclusion:
Finally, Molecular dynamic simulation alongside MMPBSA calculations were conducted
using GROMACS to endorse and validate the entire work.
DeepEpi: Deep Learning Model for Predicting Gene Expression Regulation
Based on Epigenetic Histone Modifications
Authors: Hamdy Rania , Omar Yasser , Maghraby Fahima 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Histone modification is a vital element in gene expression regulation. The way
in which these proteins bind to the DNA impacts whether or not a gene may be expressed. Although
those factors cannot influence DNA construction, they can influence how it is transcribed.

Objective:
Each spatial location in DNA has its function, so the spatial arrangement of chromatin modifications
affects how the gene can express. Also, gene regulation is affected by the type of histone modification
combinations that are present on the gene and depends on the spatial distributional pattern of
these modifications and how long these modifications read on a gene region. So, this study aims to
know how to model Long-range spatial genome data and model complex dependencies among Histone
reads.

Methods:
The Convolution Neural Network (CNN) is used to model all data features in this paper. It
can detect patterns in histones signals and preserve the spatial information of these patterns. It also uses
the concept of memory in long short-term memory (LSTM), using vanilla LSTM, Bi-Directional
LSTM, or Stacked LSTM to preserve long-range histones signals. Additionally, it tries to combine
these methods using ConvLSTM or uses them together with the aid of a self-attention.

Results:
Based on the results, the combination of CNN, LSTM with the self-attention mechanism obtained
an Area under the Curve (AUC) score of 88.87% over 56 cell types.

Conclusion:
The result outperforms the present state-of-the-art model and provides insight into how
combinatorial interactions between histone modification marks can control gene expression. The source
code is available at https://github.com/RaniaHamdy/DeepEpi.
Prevention of Preterm Labor by Isosorbide Dinitrate and Nitroglycerin Patch
Authors: Ghafarzadeh Masoumeh , Shakarami Amir , Yari Fatemeh 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Preterm labor is one of the most important causes of hospitalization during
pregnancy and can lead to serious complications in neonates.

Objective:
This study aims to compare the effect of transdermal nitroglycerin (TNG) patches and
sublingual tablets of Isosorbide dinitrate (ISD) for the prevention of preterm delivery.

Methods:
A total of 110 healthy pregnant women aged 18-35 years with a healthy and alive fetus
and gestational age between 24-34 weeks who had at least 8 regular uterine contractions per hour
were included in this single-blinded clinical trial. After exclusion, the women were randomly divided
into TNG (n = 50) and ISD (n = 49) groups. After the first dose of medication (TNG or ISD),
patients who developed complications such as hypotension, headache, or both, were also excluded
from the study.

Results:
A total of 58 patients completed the treatment course (29 patients in each group). A significant
difference in delayed preterm labor and recovery time was reported between the TNG and ISD
groups.

Conclusion:
Complications and the number of contractions were not statistically different in the two
groups. We concluded that the TNG patch is more effective than ISD in delaying labor. Both drugs
are likely to have a similar incidence of side effects.
Effect of Curcumin-containing Nanofibrous Gelatin-hydroxyapatite
Scaffold on Proliferation and Early Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental
Pulp Stem Cells
Authors: Dizaj Solmaz Maleki , Rezaei Yashar , Namaki Fatemeh , Sharifi Simin , Abdolahinia Elaheh Dalir 
Published: August 2023

Background:
In recent years, the electrospinning method has received attention because of
its usage in producing a mimetic nanocomposite scaffold for tissue regeneration. Hydroxyapatite and
gelatin are suitable materials for producing scaffolds, and curcumin has the osteogenesis induction effect.

Aims:
This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and early osteogenic differentiation stimulation of nanofibrous
gelatin-hydroxyapatite scaffold containing curcumin on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs).

Objective:
The objective of the present investigation was the evaluation of the proliferative effect and
primary osteogenic stimulation of DPSCs with a nanofibrous gelatin-hydroxyapatite scaffold containing
curcumin. Hydroxyapatite and gelatin were used as suitable and biocompatible materials to make a scaffold
suitable for stimulating osteogenesis. Curcumin was added to the scaffold as an osteogenic differentiation-
enhancing agent.

Methods:
The nanofibrous gelatin-hydroxyapatite scaffold containing curcumin significantly increased
the proliferation and the ALP activity of DPSCs (P<0.05). The proliferative effect was insignificant in
the first 2 days, but the scaffold increased cell proliferation by more than 40% in the fourth and sixth
days. The prepared scaffold increased the activity of the ALP of DPSCs by 60% compared with the control
after 14 days (p<0.05).

Results:
The nanofibrous gelatin-hydroxyapatite scaffold containing curcumin significantly increased
the proliferation and the ALP activity of DPSCs (P<0.05). The proliferative effect was insignificant in
the first 2 days, but the scaffold increased cell proliferation by more than 40% in the fourth and sixth
days. The prepared scaffold increased the activity of the ALP of DPSCs by 60% compared with the control
after 14 days (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
The produced nanofibrous gelatin-hydroxyapatite scaffold containing curcumin can be utilized
as a potential candidate in tissue engineering and regeneration of bone and tooth.

Future Prospects:
The prepared scaffold in the present study could be a beneficial biomaterial for tissue
engineering and the regeneration of bone and tooth soon.
Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of the Anticancer Effect of
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Containing Rutin and Curcumin
Authors: Dizaj Solmaz Maleki , Kouhsoltani Maryam , Pourreza Kosar , Sharifi Simin , Abdolahinia Elaheh Dalir 
Published: August 2023

Aims and Objective:
The aim of this study was the preparation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles
co-loaded with rutin and curcumin (Rut-Cur-MSNs) and the assessment of its physicochemical
properties as well as its cytotoxicity on the head and neck cancer cells (HN5). Besides, ROS generation
of HN5 cells exposed to Rut-Cur-MSNs was evaluated.

:
Several investigations showed that rutin and curcumin have potential effects as anticancer phytochemicals;
however, their low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability limited their applications.

:
The assessment of physicochemical properties and anticancer effect of prepared nanoparticles was the
objective of this study.

Methods:
The physicochemical properties of produced nanoparticles were evaluated. The toxicity of Rut-Cur-MSNs on HN5 cells was assessed. In addition, the ROS production in cells treated with Rut-Cur-MSNs was assessed compared to control untreated cells.

Results:
The results showed that Rut-Cur-MSNs have mesoporous structure, nanometer size and negative surface charge. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed that the prepared nanoparticles belong to the family of silicates named MCM-41. The cytotoxicity of Rut-Cur-MSNs at 24 h was significantly higher than that of rutin-loaded MSNs (Rut-MSNs) and curcumin-loaded MSNs (Cur-MSNs) (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
The achieved results recommend that the prepared mesoporous silica nanoparticles containing
rutin and curcumin can be a useful nanoformulation for the treatment of cancer.

:
The produced nanomaterial in this study can be helpful for cancer therapy.
Time-varying Reliability Analysis of Contact Fatigue Strength for
Nutation Face Gear Transmission
Authors: Zhu Lili , Shen Yuting , Liang Xu , Wu Bo 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Nutation face gear transmission is a patent about a new type of transmission
based on meshing between two face gears. It replaces spur gear with internal face gear to form a “faceface”
meshing gear pair and actualizes its deceleration function by combining the nutation principle,
which has the advantages of both face gear and nutation drive.

Objective:
The purpose of this paper is to establish the time-varying reliability calculation model of contact
fatigue strength based on fractal contact theory, so as to improve the reliability, safe service and further
optimization design of the nutation face gear transmission.

Methods:
The time-varying uncertainties of the contact stress and the allowable contact stress of the face
gear teeth are analyzed respectively, and then the time-varying reliability model of the contact fatigue
strength is established. Finally, the drift rate and fluctuation rate of each random variable are simulated
using the Monte Carlo simulation method to obtain the time-varying reliability of the contact fatigue
strength for the nutation face gear drive.

Results:
The results show that the general trend of geometric Brownian motion locus of each random
variable is consistent with the actual situation.

Conclusion:
For the given example of the nutation face gear transmission device, the reliability of the
contact fatigue strength of the planetary face gear meshing with the fixed face gear and the rotating face
gear within one year is calculated to be 0.9912 and 0.9856 respectively, and the maximum vibration noise
is about 68dB, which meets the expected value.
The Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Thermal Properties of R290 for
Auto-cascade Refrigeration System
Authors: Feng Haocheng , Liu Zhenzhen , Wang Zilong , Zhang Hua 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Hydrocarbons are increasingly being considered as potential fourth-generation refrigerants due to their environmentally-friendly properties. However, accurate prediction and calculation of their thermal properties are essential for their industrial application.

Objective:
In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to calculate the density, self-diffusion coefficient, viscosity and thermal conductivity of R290 at various operating temperatures of 200-240 K and pressures of 0.15 and 0.20 MPa, and 270-390 K and pressures of 1.5 and 2.0 MPa to verify the feasibility of the methods.

Methods:
The equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation (EMD) approach was utilised. The soundness of the model and force field were verified by calculating the density of the system during the relaxation phase. In the output stage, the self-diffusion coefficient was calculated using the Einstein relation, while the viscosity and thermal conductivity were calculated using the Green-Kubo method. The simulation results were compared with the NIST data values, and the errors were analysed.

Results:
	Results: The density simulation results for R290 in the relaxation phase yielded an overall average absolute relative deviation (AARD) value of 3.97%. In the output stage, the simulation results for the transport coefficients of R290 showed AARD values of 7.68%, 6.60% and 11.04% for the self-diffusion coefficient, viscosity, and thermal conductivity, respectively, compared to the NIST data values.

Conclusion:
These results indicate the feasibility of using molecular dynamics simulations to study the transport properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants. The findings also provide a foundation for future research on hydrocarbon refrigerant mixtures.

Patent:
The research presented in this work could serve as a valuable reference for future patent applications and technological innovations related to hydrocarbon refrigerants, particularly R290. This includes, but is not limited to, delivery pipelines, connectors, storage containers, control and detection systems, and the preparation and application of R290 and other refrigerant mixtures.
Microwave Facilitated Discovery of Substituted 1,2,4-triazaspiro[4.5]
dec-2-en-3-amines: Biological and Computational Investigations
Authors: Patel Parth P. , Patel Navin B. , Tople Manesh S. , Patel Vatsal M. , Solanki Mitesh B. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Tuberculosis is an effectual infectious disease caused by the spread of tu-bercular bacteria within the lungs via droplets of coughs and sneezes. In 2021, 1.6 million people died due totuberculosis, which is the 13th leading killer disease and 2nd leading after COVID-19 infectious disease.

Objective:
Many drugs are available as antitubercular drug, but still, requires more efficacious drug molecules with lower toxicity, side effects and small-sized molecules. To fulfill said prospective, computational study such as molecular docking and ADMET studies guides towards an ideal drug molecule with small -sized, unique spiro structures.

Methods:
Conventional and microwave-initiated Reaction of cyclohexanone, hydrazine carbothio-amide, and 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine affords compound 1, which is subjected to the Schiff base reaction with diverse aldehydes. All structures are defined using IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The entire series is exposed to in vitro antibacterial and antitubercu-lar and in silico molecular docking and ADMET studies.

Results:
Compounds 2c and 2b have been established to be potential antibacterial agents, whereas compounds 2d, 2e, 2j, 2k and 2l are extremely effective against tubercular strains. Furthermore, molecular docking of related molecules is performed, and compounds 2d, 2e, 2j, 2k, and 2l have higher affinities toward antitubercular proteins. ADMET parameters such as water solubility, SA score, PCaco2 value, and TPSA values are satisfactory.

Conclusion:
The microwave method has been proven to be a greener method as compared to the con-ventional heating method. Comparative results of in vitro analysis are obtained with referenced anti-bacterial drugs and antitubercular drugs. In silico observations supports their in vitro assessments. Appraisal obtained from the ADMET study leads to the formation of ideal drug molecules.
Recent Trends in Electrospun Antibacterial Nanofibers for Chronic Wound Management
Authors: Tamilarasi Ganesan Padmini , Sabarees Govindaraj , Manikandan Krishnan , Gouthaman Siddan , Alagarsamy Veerachamy , Solomon Viswas Raja 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Chronic wounds and lesions have a severe impact on the socioeconomic status and compliance of patients all over the world. Diabetes-related chronic, non-healing lesions may necessitate amputation of the damaged limb or organ. These skin lesions are susceptible to microorganisms that cause infections that impede the healing process. Despite the advances in medication development and sophisticated formulations, treating persistent wound infections remains difficult. Electrospun antimicrobial wound dressings offer considerable potential for lowering the risk of infection and accelerating the healing of chronic wounds. Electrospinning is a cost-effective, reproducible, simple, and multifaceted technique for encapsulating hydrophobic and hydrophilic therapeutic molecules within polymeric carriers with wide-ranging applications. In this review, we have discussed extensively the recent advances in electrospun nanofiber formulation techniques for use as wound dressings, as well as the entrapment of various antibacterial biomolecules, such as synthetic antibiotics, phytoconstituents, and metal nanoparticles, which have been embedded into the electrospun nano-fibers, highlighting bioactive antibacterial agents capable of enhancing wound healing. In addition, we focus on the challenges currently being faced in the area of biomedicine as well as the opportunities for electrospinning-based nanomaterials.
Security Evaluation of Software by Using Fuzzy-TOPSIS through
Quantum Criteria
Authors: Nadeem Mohd. , Ahmad Masood , Ansar Syed Anas , Pathak Prabhash Chandra , Kumar Rajeev , Khan Raees Ahmad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Quantum computer development attracts security experts in software. Software developers need to pay attention to the development of quantum computers in terms of software security. The security of software is at risk with the computation speed of quantum mechanisms in computing.

Background:
Software security evaluation focuses on the fundamental security features of the soft-ware as well as the quantum enable security alternatives. The rapid development of a number of qubits in quantum computers makes the present security mechanism of software insecure. The soft-ware security evaluation is the most crucial part of surveying, controlling, and administering security in order to further improve the properties of safety.

Objective:
It's crucial to understand that performing a security assessment early on in the develop-ment process can help you find bugs, vulnerabilities, faults, and attacks. In this quantitative study, the definition and use of the quantum computing security approach in software security will be cov-ered. The cryptographic calculations had to secure our institutions based on computers and networks.

Methods:
The Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Situation (Fuzzy-TOPSIS) to quantitatively assess the rank of the quantum enable security alternatives with security factors.

Results:
The Quantum Key Distribution [A2], the quantum technique of security approach, has got the top priority and quantum key distribution in GHz state [A6] got the least in the estimation of software security during the era of quantum computer by the neural network method of Fuzzy-TOPSIS.

Conclusion:
The quantum mechanism of computing makes classical computing insecure. The secu-rity estimation of software makes developers focus on the quantum mechanism of security. The quantum mechanism of quantum key distribution is to make software secure.