bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased risk of pancreatic, thyroid, prostate and breast cancers in men with a family history of breast cancer: A population‐based study
Authors: Song Huiyeon , Jung Yoon Suk , Tran Thi Xuan Mai , Moon Chang Mo , Park Boyoung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe association between a family history of breast cancer (FHBC) in female first‐degree relatives (FDRs) and cancer risk in men has not been evaluated. This study aimed to compare the risks of overall and site‐specific cancers in men with and without FHBC. A population‐based study was conducted with 3 329 106 men aged ≥40 years who underwent national cancer screening between 2013 and 2014. Men with and without FHBC in their female FDRs were age‐matched in a 1:4 ratio. Men without FHBC were defined as those without a family history of any cancer type in their FDRs. Data from 69 124 men with FHBC and 276 496 men without FHBC were analyzed. The mean follow‐up period was 4.7 ± 0.9 years. Men with an FHBC in any FDR (mother or sister) had a higher risk of pancreatic, thyroid, prostate and breast cancers than those without an FHBC (adjusted hazard ratios [aHRs] (95% confidence interval [CI]): 1.35 (1.07‐1.70), 1.33 (1.12‐1.56), 1.28 (1.13‐1.44) and 3.03 (1.130‐8.17), respectively). Although an FHBC in any one of the FDRs was not associated with overall cancer risk, FHBC in both mother and sibling was a significant risk factor for overall cancer (aHR: 1.69, 95% CI:1.11‐2.57) and increased the risk of thyroid cancer by 3.41‐fold (95% CI: 1.10‐10.61). FHBC in the mother or sister was a significant risk factor for pancreatic, thyroid, prostate and breast cancers in men; therefore, men with FHBC may require more careful BRCA1/2 mutation‐related cancer surveillance.
Evaluating femoral augmentation to prevent geriatric hip fracture: A scoping review of experimental methods
Authors: Bliven Emily K. , Fung Anita , Cripton Peter A. , Helgason Benedikt , Guy Pierre 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVarious femoral augmentation designs have been investigated over the past decade for the prevention of geriatric hip fracture. The experimental methods used to evaluate the efficacy of these augmentations have not been critically evaluated or compared in terms of biofidelity, robustness, or ease of application. Such parameters have significant relevance in characterizing future clinical success. In this study we aimed to use a scoping review to summarize the experimental studies that evaluate femoral augmentation approaches, and critically evaluate commonly applied protocols and identify areas for concordance with the clinical situation. We conducted a literature search targeting studies that used experimental test methods to evaluate femoral augmentation to prevent geriatric fragility fracture. A total of 25 studies met the eligibility criteria. The most commonly investigated augmentation to date is the injection of bone cement or another material that cured in situ, and a popular subsequent method for biomechanical evaluation was to load the augmented proximal femur until fracture in a sideways fall configuration. We noted limitations in the clinical relevance of sideways fall scenarios being modeled and large variance in the concordance of many of the studies identified. Our review brings about recommendations for enhancing the fidelity of experimental methods modeling clinical sideways falls, which include an improved representation of soft tissue effects, using outcome metrics beyond load‐to‐failure, and applying loads inertially. Effective augmentations are encouraging for their potential to reduce the burden of hip fracture; however, the likelihood of this success is only as strong as the methods used in their evaluation.
Generalized eruptive clear cell acanthomas
Authors: Gambichler Thilo , Heinzer Ekaterina , Kautz Ocko , Boms Stefanie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn most cases, clear cell acanthoma (CCA) is an uncommon solitary lesion with distinctive clinicopathological features. We report the case of an 80‐year‐old man with generalized asymptomatic skin lesions predominantly affecting his chest, abdomen and his legs. On dermoscopy, the lesions showed dotted vessels in a linear pearl‐like distribution (“pearl necklace”) surrounded by a slightly whitish halo. Histopathology clearly confirmed the diagnosis of CCA. In conclusion, CCA being an uncommon solitary skin lesion may also appear in very rare cases as a generalized eruptive skin condition.
Treatment outcomes of the external auditory canal and temporal bone malignancy with dura invasion
Authors: Lee Yun Ji , Jeong In Seong , Chung Jong Woo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and surgical outcomes of patients with external auditory canal (EAC) and temporal bone (TB) malignancy with dura invasion.MethodsThe medical records of patients with EAC and TB malignancy with dura invasion were retrospectively reviewed. Survival outcomes (overall survival [OS], disease‐specific survival [DSS], recurrence‐free survival [RFS], and distant metastasis‐free survival [DMFS]) were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsA total of eight patients were included in this study. The median age at diagnosis was 49.5 years (range 12–74 years). The median follow‐up periods were 46.5 months. Histologically, four out of eight patients were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; 50%). The 2‐year OS and DSS rates of all patients were 62.5%, and those of EAC SCC patients were 50% and 66.7%, respectively; while the 2‐year RFS and DMFS rates of all patients were 37.5%. There was one local recurrence at the resection site (12.5%), two regional neck nodal recurrences (25%), and two distant metastases (25%). Dura resection and duroplasty areas were not involved in the local recurrence case.ConclusionIn EAC and TB cancer with dura invasion, radical surgery with dura resection may show similar survival outcomes to previous studies without recurrence at the dura resection site.Level of evidence: IV
Thermoplasmonic Manipulation for the Study of Single Polymers and Protein Aggregates
Authors: Simon David J. , Hartmann Felix , Thalheim Tobias , Cichos Frank 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHeat generation by means of plasmonic structures, which is at the heart of thermoplasmonics, has stimulated intense research on the manipulation of matter in liquid environments. Tiny noble metal structures with dimensions of a few tens of nanometers thereby serve as heat sources generating large temperature gradients. As a result, thermophoretic drifts occur, concentration fields form, or charge separation takes place. But also hydrodynamic boundary flows, which play an important role in microfluidic environments, can be induced. These processes remotely triggered by optically generated local dynamic temperature fields offer novel possibilities for manipulating and studying not only colloids but in particular also single molecules and their aggregates in solution.
A proof‐theoretic metatheorem for tracial von Neumann algebras
Authors: Păunescu Liviu , Sipoş Andrei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe adapt a continuous logic axiomatization of tracial von Neumann algebras due to Farah, Hart and Sherman in order to prove a metatheorem for this class of structures in the style of proof mining, a research programme that aims to obtain the hidden computational content of ordinary mathematical proofs using tools from proof theory.
Nice ℵ1 generated non‐P‐points, Part I
Authors: Shelah Saharon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe define a family of non‐principal ultrafilters on which are, in a sense, very far from P‐points. We prove the existence of such ultrafilters under reasonable conditions. In subsequent articles, we intend to prove that such ultrafilters may exist while no P‐point exists. Though our primary motivations came from forcing and independence results, the family of ultrafilters introduced here should be interesting from combinatorial point of view too.
Thom property and Milnor–Lê fibration for analytic maps
Authors: Menegon Aurélio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLet (X, 0) be the germ of either a subanalytic set or a complex analytic space , and let be a ‐analytic map‐germ, with or , respectively. When , there is a well‐known topological locally trivial fibration associated with f, called the Milnor–Lê fibration of f, which is one of the main pillars in the study of singularities of maps and spaces. However, when that is not always the case. In this paper, we give conditions which guarantee that the image of f is well‐defined as a set‐germ, and that f admits a Milnor–Lê fibration. We also give conditions for f to have the Thom property. Finally, we apply our results to mixed function‐germs of type on a complex analytic surface with arbitrary singularity.
Downfield proton MRSI with whole‐brain coverage at 3T
Authors: Özdemir İpek , Ganji Sandeep , Gillen Joseph , Etyemez Semra , Považan Michal , Barker Peter B. 
Published: May 2023

PurposeTo develop a 3D downfield (DF) MRSI protocol with whole brain coverage and post‐processing pipeline for creation of metabolite maps.MethodsA 3D, circularly phase‐encoded version of the previously developed 2D DF MRSI sequence with spectral‐spatial excitation and frequency selective refocusing was implemented and tested in five healthy volunteers at 3T. The DF metabolite maps with a nominal spatial resolution of 0.7 cm3 were recorded in eight slices at 3T in a scan time of 22 m 40 s. An MRSI post‐processing pipeline was developed to create DF metabolite maps. Metabolite concentrations and uncertainty estimates were compared between region differences for nine DF peaks.ResultsLCModel analysis showed Cramer Rao lower bounds average values of 3%–4% for protein amide resonances in the three selected regions (anterior cingulate, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and centrum semiovale); Cramer Rao lower bounds were somewhat higher for individual peaks but for the most part were less than 20%. While DF concentration maps were visually quite homogeneous throughout the brain, general linear regression analysis corrected for multiple comparisons found significant differences between centrum semiovale and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for peaks at 7.09 ppm (p = 0.014), 7.90 ppm (p = 0.009), 8.18 ppm (p = 0.009), combined amides (p = 0.009), and between anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for the 7.30 ppm peak (p = 0.020). Cramer Rao lower bounds values were not significantly different between brain regions for any of the DF peaks.ConclusionThe 3D DF MRSI of the human brain at 3T with wide spatial coverage for the mapping of exchangeable amide and other resonances is feasible at a nominal spatial resolution of 0.7 cm3.
Respiratory considerations in patients with neuromuscular disorders
Authors: Patel Nina , Howard Ileana M. , Baydur Ahmet 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPatients with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) develop respiratory impairment as muscles weaken. Ensuing complications include reductions in lung volume, compliance, and cough ability and increased risk for lung infections. Sleep disordered breathing results from weakened upper airway muscles and/or impaired central ventilatory control systems. Evaluation includes measurement of seated and supine vital capacity (VC) and respiratory muscle strength. Assisted cough techniques facilitate airway clearance. The decision to initiate assisted ventilation is multifactorial, and may include consideration of patient symptoms, spirometry, pulmonary pressures, sleep studies or blood gas values. Most patients prefer noninvasive ventilation to enhance mobility and independence. Tracheostomy is indicated when bulbar function is impaired and cough assist measures fail to clear the airway. Technological advances in respiratory support have improved quality of life and longevity. Home care is the best option for most patients but remains a challenge, especially for caregivers with regard to physical, emotional, and financial implications, as well as social, administrative, and insurance concerns.
Pre‐requisites for infrastructure public‐private partnerships in oil‐exporting countries: The case of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Biygautane Mhamed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe evolution of public‐private partnerships (PPPs) within oil‐exporting states has not attracted sufficient attention from PPP scholars. Particularly, the Gulf‐Cooperation Council (GCC) states such as Saudi Arabia which has had a prolonged history of state‐led economic development and public funding of infrastructure projects is an interesting empirical context to explore how PPPs can become an instrument for infrastructure delivery. Plummeting oil prices since 2014 have urged Saudi Arabia to identify new forms of project organizing such as PPPs. The underlying argument of this paper is that delivering projects through the PPP route necessitates major reforms to the existing legal and regulatory frameworks, establishing relevant institutional support in the form of a PPP unit and developing a friendly business environment that could attract foreign investors to the country. This field report outlines the key reforms enacted by the Saudi government, and highlights pressing challenges that need to be addressed to drastically enhance Saudi Arabia's investment climate and enable the private sector's financing of mega‐infrastructure projects.
Facial deformation following treatment for pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma; the difference between treatment modalities. Results of a trans‐Atlantic, multicenter cross‐sectional cohort study
Authors: Hol Marinka L. F. , Indelicato Daniel J. , Slater Olga , Kolb Frederic , Hewitt Richard J , Ong Juling , Becking Alfred G. , Gains Jenny , Bradley Julie , Sandler Eric , Gaze Mark N. , Pieters Bradley , Mandeville Henry , Fajardo Raquel Dávila , Schoot Reineke , Merks Johannes H. M. , Hammond Peter , Smeele Ludwig E. , Suttie Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe four different local therapy strategies used for head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (HNRMS) include proton therapy (PT), photon therapy (RT), surgery with radiotherapy (Paris‐method), and surgery with brachytherapy (AMORE). Local control and survival is comparable; however, the impact of these different treatments on facial deformation is still poorly understood. This study aims to quantify facial deformation and investigates the differences in facial deformation between treatment modalities.MethodsAcross four European and North American institutions, HNRMS survivors treated between 1990 and 2017, more than 2 years post treatment, had a 3D photograph taken. Using dense surface modeling, we computed facial signatures for each survivor to show facial deformation relative to 35 age–sex–ethnicity‐matched controls. Additionally, we computed individual facial asymmetry.FindingsA total of 173 HNRMS survivors were included, survivors showed significantly reduced facial growth (p < .001) compared to healthy controls. Partitioned by tumor site, there was reduced facial growth in survivors with nonparameningeal primaries (p = .002), and parameningeal primaries (p ≤.001), but not for orbital primaries (p = .080) All patients were significantly more asymmetric than healthy controls, independent of treatment modality (p ≤ .001). There was significantly more facial deformation in orbital patients when comparing RT to AMORE (p = .046). In survivors with a parameningeal tumor, there was significantly less facial deformation in PT when compared to RT (p = .009) and Paris‐method (p = .007).InterpretationWhen selecting optimal treatment, musculoskeletal facial outcomes are an expected difference between treatment options. These anticipated differences are currently based on clinicians’ bias, expertise, and experience. These data supplement clinician judgment with an objective analysis highlighting the impact of patient age and tumor site between existing treatment options.
Dynamic remodeling of Escherichia coli interactome in response to environmental perturbations
Authors: Youssef Ahmed , Bian Fei , Paniikov Nicolai S. , Crovella Mark , Emili Andrew 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProteins play an essential role in the vital biological processes governing cellular functions. Most proteins function as members of macromolecular machines, with the network of interacting proteins revealing the molecular mechanisms driving the formation of these complexes. Profiling the physiology‐driven remodeling of these interactions within different contexts constitutes a crucial component to achieving a comprehensive systems‐level understanding of interactome dynamics. Here, we apply co‐fractionation mass spectrometry and computational modeling to quantify and profile the interactions of ∼2000 proteins in the bacterium Escherichia coli cultured under 10 distinct culture conditions. The resulting quantitative co‐elution patterns revealed large‐scale condition‐dependent interaction remodeling among protein complexes involved in diverse biochemical pathways in response to the unique environmental challenges. The network‐level analysis highlighted interactome‐wide biophysical properties and structural patterns governing interaction remodeling. Our results provide evidence of the local and global plasticity of the E. coli interactome along with a rigorous generalizable framework to define protein interaction specificity. We provide an accompanying interactive web application to facilitate the exploration of these rewired networks.
Running gait adaptations among adolescent runners with soft tissue impairments following lateral ankle sprains
Authors: DeJong Lempke Alexandra F. , Meehan William P. , Whitney Kristin E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundLateral ankle sprains (LAS) frequently lead to residual soft tissue impairments, often attributed to biomechanical dysfunction during movement.ObjectiveTo compare running biomechanics between adolescent runners with soft tissue pathologies following LAS (injured) and healthy runners (control) and between limbs.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingHospital‐affiliated sports injury prevention center.ParticipantsTwenty‐five adolescent runners with a history of LAS and current ankle impingement or tendinopathy (23 female, 2 male; age: 15 ± 2 years; body mass index [BMI]: 19.5 ± 2.5 kg/m2; symptom duration: 1.1 ± 0.9 years), and 23 healthy controls without any LAS history (19 female, 4 male; age: 15 ± 1 years; BMI: 19.2 ± 2.7 kg/m2) were included in this study.InterventionsAll participants completed a clinical gait assessment in which they ran at a self‐selected speed on a force‐plate instrumented treadmill, while two video cameras recorded two‐dimensional sagittal and coronal views.Main Outcome MeasuresFoot rotation, step width, contact time, and cadence were compared between groups and limbs (involved, uninvolved [or “better” for bilateral cases]) using a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Rearfoot landing and foot strike type were compared between groups and limbs using a chi‐square analysis.ResultsThe injured group had significantly increased step width (F = 4.71, p = .04; mean difference [MD] with SE: 1.5 [0.7] cm) compared to controls. The injured groups' involved limb had longer contact time (F = 4.62, p = .03; MDgroup: 12 [7] ms, MDlimb: 22 [11] ms) with more internal foot rotation (F = 14.60, p < .001; MDgroup: 2.2 [1.2] degrees, MDlimb: 4.2 [1.3] degrees) compared to controls and their contralateral limb. There were no significant differences for cadence (F = 2.43, p = .13; MD: 4 [3] steps/min), foot landing (X2 = 1.28, p = .53), or foot strike (X2 = 1.24, p = .54).ConclusionsSpatiotemporal and kinematic running adaptations may predispose young runners with initial LAS to secondary soft tissue dysfunction due to loss of stability from ligamentous structures and an overreliance on myotendinous control. Clinicians may consider targeting these maladaptations during gait‐training interventions.
What are the post‐treatment information needs of rural cancer survivors in Australia? A systematic literature review
Authors: Goodwin Belinda C. , Zajdlewicz Leah , Stiller Anna , Johnston Elizabeth A. , Myers Larry , Aitken Joanne F. , Bergin Rebecca J. , Chan Raymond J. , Crawford‐Williams Fiona , Emery Jon D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo conduct a systematic literature review to critically assess the met and unmet post‐treatment information needs of cancer survivors living in rural communities in Australia, to inform the improvement of survivors' transition from treatment in major cities to community care.MethodsCumulative index of nursing and allied health literature, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL and Academic Search Ultimate databases and websites of 118 cancer organisations were searched for relevant Australian studies published since 2006. Key search terms included ‘rural’, ‘remote’, ‘regional’, ‘cancer’, ‘survivor*’, ‘living with’, and ‘post‐treatment’. Data reflecting study source, aims, methodology, and reported information needs were extracted and summarised. Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute tools.ResultsFifty‐two articles met eligibility criteria. Only six of these specified a primary aim of understanding information needs for rural cancer survivors. Information on prognosis and recovery; managing treatment side effects; healthy lifestyle choices; referrals to support services, and face‐to‐face and written delivery of information at multiple time points were reported as needed and often lacking for rural cancer survivors.ConclusionsCo‐ordinated, multi‐step provision of information to support health and recovery after cancer treatment and beyond is likely to be particularly important for rural cancer survivors given their broad range of needs and reduced access to health care services. Findings provide useful recommendations to facilitate patients' transition home to rural communities after cancer treatment in major cities, however, an increased understanding of the information needs of rural survivors is required to inform the development of guidelines that can be used in clinical practice.
The application of metabolomics toward idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and potential metabolomic value of diverse samples in interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Liu Mingtao , Cheng Zhangkai J. , Xue Mingshan , Lin Runpei , Zhang Teng , Sun Baoqing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInterstitial lung diseases (ILDs), also known as diffuse lung diseases, pose a significant challenge to the respiratory health of individuals worldwide. Among these conditions, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is one of the most prevalent, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality. However, IPF is characterized by high heterogeneity, presenting a substantial obstacle to clinical program development and scientific research due to significant variations in disease progression, treatment response, and prognosis. Recent advances in metabolomics have enabled the identification of specific biochemical pathways and disease biomarkers, offering a beacon of hope for patients afflicted with various diseases. Remarkably, metabolomics has made significant strides in ILDs, particularly in IPF. Metabonomics, a branch of life science, provides an in‐depth analysis of metabolic pathways and the specific biological molecular composition of omics, obtained primarily from biological samples such as serum, plasma, pleural effusion, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung surgical biopsy samples, urine, feces, sputum, and cerebrospinal fluid. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the application of metabolomics in ILDs, with a particular focus on IPF. By summarizing the current state of research in this field, we hope to shed light on the latest advances, challenges, and opportunities that metabolomics can provide in managing ILDs.