bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoupling of functional traits from intraspecific patterns of growth and drought stress resistance
Authors: Kerr Kelly L. , Fickle Jaycie C. , Anderegg William R. L. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryIntraspecific variation in functional traits may mediate tree species' drought resistance, yet whether trait variation is due to genotype (G), environment (E), or G×E interactions remains unknown. Understanding the drivers of intraspecific trait variation and whether variation mediates drought response can improve predictions of species' response to future drought.Using populations of quaking aspen spanning a climate gradient, we investigated intraspecific variation in functional traits in the field as well as the influence of G and E among propagules in a common garden. We also tested for trait‐mediated trade‐offs in growth and drought stress tolerance.We observed intraspecific trait variation among the populations, yet this variation did not necessarily translate to higher drought stress tolerance in hotter/drier populations. Additionally, plasticity in the common garden was low, especially in propagules derived from the hottest/driest population. We found no growth–drought stress tolerance trade‐offs and few traits exhibited significant relationships with mortality in the natural populations, suggesting that intraspecific trait variation among the traits measured did not strongly mediate responses to drought stress.Our results highlight the limits of trait‐mediated responses to drought stress and the complex G×E interactions that may underlie drought stress tolerance variation in forests in dry environments.
Histone chaperones AtChz1A and AtChz1B are required for H2A.Z deposition and interact with the SWR1 chromatin‐remodeling complex in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Wu Jiabing , Yang Yue , Wang Jiachen , Wang Youchao , Yin Liufan , An Zengxuan , Du Kangxi , Zhu Yan , Qi Ji , Shen Wen‐Hui , Dong Aiwu 
Published: May 2023

Summary

The histone variant H2A.Z plays key functions in transcription and genome stability in all eukaryotes ranging from yeast to human, but the molecular mechanisms by which H2A.Z is incorporated into chromatin remain largely obscure.

Here, we characterized the two homologs of yeast Chaperone for H2A.Z‐H2B (Chz1) in Arabidopsis thaliana, AtChz1A and AtChz1B. AtChz1A/AtChz1B were verified to bind to H2A.Z‐H2B and facilitate nucleosome assembly in vitro. Simultaneous knockdown of AtChz1A and AtChz1B, which exhibit redundant functions, led to a genome‐wide reduction in H2A.Z and phenotypes similar to those of the H2A.Z‐deficient mutant hta9‐1hta11‐2, including early flowering and abnormal flower morphologies.

Interestingly, AtChz1A was found to physically interact with ACTIN‐RELATED PROTEIN 6 (ARP6), an evolutionarily conserved subunit of the SWR1 chromatin‐remodeling complex. Genetic interaction analyses showed that atchz1a‐1atchz1b‐1 was hypostatic to arp6‐1. Consistently, genome‐wide profiling analyses revealed partially overlapping genes and fewer misregulated genes and H2A.Z‐reduced chromatin regions in atchz1a‐1atchz1b‐1 compared with arp6‐1.

Together, our results demonstrate that AtChz1A and AtChz1B act as histone chaperones to assist the deposition of H2A.Z into chromatin via interacting with SWR1, thereby playing critical roles in the transcription of genes involved in flowering and many other processes.
Disruption of the amino acid transporter CsAAP2 inhibits auxin‐mediated root development in cucumber
Authors: Yao Xuehui , Li Hujian , Nie Jing , Liu Huan , Guo Yicong , Lv Lijun , Yang Zhen , Sui Xiaolei 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Amino acid transporters are the principal mediators of organic nitrogen distribution within plants and are essential for plant growth and development. Despite this importance, relatively few amino acid transporter genes have been explored and elucidated in cucumber (Cucumis sativus).
Here, a total of 86 amino acid transporter genes were identified in the cucumber genome. We further identified Amino Acid Permease (AAP) subfamily members that exhibited distinct expression patterns in different tissues.
We found that the CsAAP2 as a candidate gene encoding a functional amino acid transporter is highly expressed in cucumber root vascular cells. CsAAP2 knockout lines exhibited arrested development of root meristem, which then caused the delayed initiation of lateral root and the inhibition of root elongation. What is more, the shoot growth of aap2 mutants was strongly retarded due to defects in cucumber root development.
Moreover, aap2 mutants exhibited higher concentrations of amino acids and lignin in roots. We found that the mutant roots had a stronger ability to acidize medium. Furthermore, in the aap2 mutants, polar auxin transport was disrupted in the root tip, leading to high auxin levels in roots. Interestingly, slightly alkaline media rescued their severely reduced root growth by stimulating auxin pathway.
A multicenter case‐control study comparing sun exposure habits and use of photoprotection measures in patients diagnosed with different types of skin cancer
Authors: Navarro‐Bielsa Alba , Gracia‐Cazaña Tamara , Almagro Manuel , Fuente‐Meira Sonia De la , Florez Ángeles , Yélamos Oriol , Montero‐Vilchez Trinidad , González‐Cruz Carlos , Diago Adrián , Abadías‐Granado Isabel , Fuentelsaz Victoria , Colmenero María , Bañuls José , Arias‐Santiago Salvador , Buendía‐Eisman Agustín , Almenara‐Blasco Manuel , Gil‐Pallares Pedro , Gilaberte Yolanda 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile skin cancer awareness programs have significantly furthered public understanding about the harmful effects of the sun, there is a disparity between photoprotection knowledge and protection practices.ObjectiveTo compare sun exposure habits and photoprotection measures in patients diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma versus controls.MethodsMulticentre case–control observational study carried out by 13 Spanish dermatologists between April 2020 and August 2022. Patients diagnosed with BCC, SCC, or melanoma were considered cases. The control group consisted of individuals with no history of skin cancer.ResultsOf the 254 cases (56.2% female; mean age, 62.67 ± 15.65), 119 (31.2%) had BCC, 62 (16.27%) SCC, and 73 (19.1%) melanoma. The control group consisted of 127 (33.33%) individuals. Avoiding sun exposure between 12:00 and 16:00 was the most commonly used photoprotection measure (habitually/always: 63.1%), followed by the use of sunscreen (habitually/always: 58.9%). Patients with melanoma were less likely to use clothing and shade to avoid sun exposure (p < .05), whereas those with BCC and SCC reported greater use of head coverings (p = .01). BCC and SCC groups reported greater sun exposure 15 years prior, whereas controls reported greater use of sunscreen. However, at the time of this study all groups reported using SPF ≥ 21, and the majority SPF > 50. No differences were observed in photoprotection measures between people with and without a previous history of skin cancer.ConclusionsWe describe differences in photoprotection measures and sun exposure patterns among patients diagnosed with different skin tumor types. Whether these differences may influence the type of tumor each developed will require further investigation.
Invited review: Bovine neonatal morbidity and mortality—Causes, risk factors, incidences, sequelae and prevention
Authors: Mee J. F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe neonatal period may be defined as the first month of the calf's life; it may be considered part of the fourth trimester. It is the most hazardous due to the immaturity of the neonate's immune system and the environmental challenge from infections, the main causes of both bovine neonatal morbidity and mortality. The five most common morbidities causing mortality in neonatal calves are, in descending order, gastrointestinal infections, respiratory infections, abomasal disorders, umbilical infections and developmental abnormalities. This review describes the aetiology, incidence, risk factors and sequelae of these common morbidities and highlights current preventive strategies both at farm and national levels.
Dental needs and conditions of individuals with Lowe syndrome: An observational study
Authors: Lowenstein Adam , Swee Gerald , Finkelman Matthew D. , Tesini David , Loo Cheen Y. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionLowe syndrome (LS) is an uncommon condition that affects the brain, kidneys, nervous system, and eyes, predominantly in males. The aim of this study was to examine dental conditions, dental treatments, and access and/or barriers to care for those with LS compared to healthy individuals.MethodsSurveys assessing dental conditions, dental treatments, and access and/or barriers to care were administered to families in the Lowe Syndrome Association and families with healthy children who had dental appointments at the Tufts University School of Dental Medicine (TUSDM) pediatric dental clinic. One parent or a guardian of pediatric patients with LS or not at TUSDM was asked to complete an online survey.ResultsOne hundred and eight surveys were obtained (n:58 from the LS group and n:50 from the healthy group). The LS group was significantly more likely (p < .05) to report “crooked/misaligned teeth,” “difficult time chewing,” “bad breath,” and “mouth cysts” and was significantly less likely to report 6‐month examination, “cleaning,” and “filling.” The LS group reported significantly greater difficulty locating a dentist.ConclusionThe findings of this study indicate that individuals with LS are more vulnerable to developing severe dental conditions and experiencing difficulties in accessing dental care than healthy individuals. Additionally, those who present with this syndrome may be less likely to receive specific necessary dental treatments. As a result, it is essential to offer appropriate dental care and support to individuals with LS to guarantee they achieve optimal oral health.
Is camouflaging autistic traits associated with defeat, entrapment, and lifetime suicidal thoughts? Expanding the Integrated Motivational Volitional Model of Suicide
Authors: Cassidy Sarah , McLaughlin Emily , McGranaghan Rachel , Pelton Mirabel , O'Connor Rory , Rodgers Jacqui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe current study explored whether camouflaging autistic traits is associated with defeat and entrapment and lifetime suicidal thoughts, as predicted by the Integrated Volitional Model of Suicide (IMV model).Methods180 UK undergraduate students (76.7% female 18–67 years) completed a cross‐sectional online survey from February 5 to March 23, 2020, including self‐report measures of defeat and entrapment (SDES), autistic traits (AQ‐10), depression (PHQ‐9), anxiety (GAD‐7), camouflaging autistic traits (CAT‐Q), and lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviors (SBQ‐R item 1).ResultsAfter controlling for age, gender, current depression, and anxiety symptoms, autistic traits accounted for significantly more of the variance in defeat and entrapment (1.1%), and camouflaging accounted for a further 3.2% of the variance. The association between autistic traits and lifetime suicidality was significantly mediated by camouflaging, defeat, and entrapment. After controlling for age, gender, current depression, and anxiety symptoms, defeat and entrapment (but not camouflaging) accounted for significantly more variance in lifetime suicidal thoughts. The interaction between camouflaging, defeat and entrapment predicted significantly less variance in lifetime suicidal thoughts than either variable alone.ConclusionResults suggest that camouflaging autistic traits is a transdiagnostic risk factor for lifetime suicidality, relevant to the defeat and entrapment constructs of the IMV model.
Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) by gold nanoparticle characterizes dermal thickening by collagen in bleomycin‐treated skin ex vivo
Authors: Huang Po‐Jung , Lee Chao‐Kuei , Lee Ling‐Hau , Huang Hsiang‐Fu , Huang Yi‐Hsuan , Lan Jia‐Chi , Lee Chih‐Hung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeCurrent skin imaging modalities, including optical, electron, and confocal microscopy, mostly require tissue fixations that could damage proteins and biological molecules. Live tissue or cell imaging such as ultrasonography and optical coherent microscope may not adequately measure the dynamic spectroscopical changes. Raman spectroscopy has been adopted for skin imaging in vivo, mostly for skin cancer imaging. However, whether the epidermal and dermal thickening in skin could be measured and distinguished by conventional Ramen spectroscopy or the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), a rapid and label‐free method for noninvasive measurement remains unknown.MethodsHuman skin sections from patients of atopic dermatitis and keloid, which represent epidermal and dermal thickening, respectively, were measured by conventional Ramen spectroscopy. In mice, skin sections from imiquimod (IMQ)‐ and bleomycin (BLE)‐treated mice, which reflect the epidermal and dermal thickening, respectively, were measured by SERS, that incorporates gold nanoparticles to generate surface plasma and enhance Raman signals.ResultsConventional Ramen spectroscopy failed to consistently show the Raman shift in human samples among the different groups. SERS successfully revealed a prominent peak around 1300 cm−1 in the IMQ‐treated skin; and two significant peaks around 1100 and 1300 cm−1 in BLE‐treated group. Further quantitative analysis showed 1100 cm−1 peak was significantly accentuated in the BLE‐treated skin than that in control skin. SERS identified in vitro a similar 1100 cm−1 peak in solutions of collagen, the major dermal biological molecules.ConclusionSERS distinguishes the epidermal or dermal thickening in mouse skin with rapid and label‐free measures. A prominent 1100 cm−1 SERS peak in the BLE‐treated skin may result from collagen. SERS might help precision diagnosis in the future.
Active faulting in the Beagle Channel (Tierra del Fuego)
Authors: Bran Donaldo Mauricio , Palma Fermín , Menichetti Marco , Lodolo Emanuele , Bunicontro Stefania , Lozano Jorge Gabriel , Baradello Luca , Winocur Diego , Grossi Maurizio , Tassone Alejandro Alberto 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn Tierra del Fuego, the Magallanes‐Fagnano Fault System (MFFS) accommodates a significant portion of the relative motion between the South America and Scotia plates. However, it remains unclear whether some of the deformation is partitioned southwards, along the Beagle Channel Fault System (BCFS). In this paper, high‐resolution seismic reflection profiles were used to identify fault‐related ruptures in the submerged Quaternary sediments of the Beagle Channel. Some faults reach the seafloor, affecting marine sediments, indicating they are Holocene in age. The correlation with outcrop data and lineaments mapped onshore suggests the post‐glacial reactivation of two structures: the E‐W striking BCFS and the NW‐SE‐trending Lapataia Fault Zone (LFZ). Whereas the BCFS displays along‐strike variation in throw, the LFZ shows significant normal displacements. These results imply that deformation occurs in a wider and more complex manner than previously thought and highlight the need for a thorough hazard assessment of the area.
Poor hospitalization outcomes in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant with hospital acquired influenza infection
Authors: Ammad Ud Din Mohammad , Jaan Ali , Shahzad Moazzam , Liaqat Hania , McGuirk Joseph , Mushtaq Muhammad Umair 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlthough hospital‐acquired influenza infection (HAII) is a known complication among immunocompromised patients, the data in the setting of hospitalization for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo‐HSCT) are scarce.MethodsA retrospective study using the National Inpatient sample database was done to determine the impact of HAII on hospitalization outcomes among patients admitted for allo‐HSCT.ResultsThe data for 77 103 allo‐HSCT weighted hospitalizations were collected between 2002 and 2019. Among these, only 314 (0.4%) allo‐HSCT cases were billed for HAII. Patients with influenza were more likely to have comorbid conditions like chronic obstructive lung disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and myocardial infarction. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that patients with influenza had a higher risk of all‐cause mortality: (odds ratio = 4.87, 95% confidence interval: 3.63–6.54; p < .01). Patients with influenza also had statistically higher odds of developing acute kidney injury, septic shock, and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. They also had a significantly longer length of stay (34 days versus 26 days) and adjusted cost for hospitalization ($195 345 versus $121 967).ConclusionOur large analysis of real‐world data reveals that patients undergoing allo‐HSCT that develop HAII are at substantially higher risk of inpatient complications and death.
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Visualizing Citizenship in a Bureaucratic Frame
Authors: RAHEJA NATASHA 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTIn this article, I focus on how Pakistani Hindu migrant men in India circulate bureaucratic portraits of reportedly forcefully converted women, leveraging the evidentiary value of images within a visual idiom of liberal citizenship. The style of these portraits—rectangularly framed, front‐facing individuals—is akin to the style of passport photos. The images and their captions circulate as visual evidence to reify normative claims to Indian citizenship within a Hindu‐India imaginary. Such images generate veracity through their state‐like form, shaping how migrant men see themselves into recognition. By emphasizing how migrant men adopt a bureaucratic visual convention (the passport‐photo look) to make claims about associative fates based on a shared group status, I expand our understanding of the identity photograph. I argue that bureaucratic framing is an aesthetic register that facilitates claims to citizenship within the visual logics of state recognition.
Direct antiglobulin test positivity in Serbian blood donors in the era of gel card technology
Authors: Grujic Jasmina , Bujandric Nevenka , Malenkovic Goran , Budakov Obradovic Zorana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn the era of gel cards, we aimed to determine the incidence of a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) in a population of blood donors in Serbia and to compare results with the period when a conventional tube technique was used.Materials and MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 184,171 blood donors over 10 years (2012–2021). Positive DAT results initially were detected after positive result of the compatibility test. After a DAT had been initially performed on fresh blood samples, a control DAT was performed 6 months later.ResultsUsing gel cards, we found a low incidence (0.09%) of DAT positivity among 55,254 female and 128,917 male blood donors, with no difference found in the occurrence of a positive DAT between them. Positive DAT moderately positively correlated with increasing age of blood donors, but without statistical significance. The vast majority of blood donors (98.86%) were IgG positive. All donors were in good health, did not take medication or had anaemia or haemolysis. During the period 1980–1989, when the test tube technique was used, we found 0.05% DAT‐positive blood donors.ConclusionThe incidence of positive DAT results in Serbian blood donors is higher compared with that found using the previous test tube technique, but the incidence is consistent with the findings of other studies.
Incidence of postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing surgical procedures: A systematic literature review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Igwe Ezinne Oyidia , Nealon Jessica , O'Shaughnessy Pauline , Bowden Alera , Chang Hui‐Chen (Rita) , Ho Mu‐Hsing , Montayre Jed , Montgomery Amy , Rolls Kaye , Chou Kuei‐Ru , Chen Kee‐Hsin , Traynor Victoria , Smerdely Peter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith the increase in life expectancy around the globe, the incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) among older people (≥65 years) is growing. Previous studies showed a wide variation in the incidence of POD, from 4% to 53%, with a lack of specific evidence about the incidence of POD by specific surgery type among older people. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to determine the incidence of POD by surgery type within populations 65 years and over.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, and CINAHL were searched until October 2020. Due to the relatively higher number of meta‐analyses undertaken in this area of research, a streamlined systematic meta‐analysis was proposed.ResultsA total of 28 meta‐analyses (comprising 284 individual studies) were reviewed. Data from relevant individual studies (n = 90) were extracted and included in the current study. Studies were grouped into eight surgery types and the incidence of POD for orthopedic, vascular, spinal, cardiac, colorectal, abdominal, urologic, and mixed surgeries was 20%, 14%, 13%, 32%, 14%, 30%, 10%, and 26%, respectively. POD detection instruments were different across the studies, with Confusion Assessment Method (CAM & CAM‐ICU) being the most frequently adopted.Linking Evidence to ActionThis study showed that POD incidence in older people undergoing surgery varied widely across surgery type. The more complex surgeries like cardiac and abdominal surgeries were associated with a higher risk of POD. This highlights the need to include the level of surgery complexity as a risk factor in preoperative assessments.
Ťahyňa virus—A widespread, but neglected mosquito‐borne virus in Europe
Authors: Mravcová Kristína , Camp Jeremy V. , Hubálek Zdeněk , Šikutová Silvie , Vaux Alexander G. C. , Medlock Jolyon M. , Rudolf Ivo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractŤahyňa virus (TAHV) is an orthobunyavirus and was the first arbovirus isolated from mosquitoes in Europe and is associated with floodplain areas as a characteristic biotope, hares as reservoir hosts and the mammal‐feeding mosquitoes Aedes vexans as the main vector. The disease caused by TAHV (“Valtice fever”) was detected in people with acute flu‐like illness in the 1960s, and later the medical significance of TAHV became the subject of many studies. Although TAHV infections are widespread, the prevalence and number of actual cases, clinical manifestations in humans and animals and the ecology of transmission by mosquitoes and their vertebrate hosts are rarely reported. Despite its association with meningitis in humans, TAHV is a neglected human pathogen with unknown public health importance in Central Europe, and a potential emerging disease threat elsewhere in Europe due to extreme summer flooding events.