bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desarrollo de un modelo numérico 3D en elementos finitos para las ecuaciones de Navier-Stokes : aplicaciones oceanográficas
Authors:   , Maidana Manuel Augusto 
Published: August 2023

En esta tesis se ha desarrollado y validado un modelo tridimensional de circulación costera en elementos finitos capaz de simular una región limitada del océano. La escala de longitud de las aplicaciones pueden ser del orden del ancho de la plataforma continental o menores y la escala de tiempo entre el período de las ondas de las mareas y de las ondas debidas al viento.
La formulación del modelo, denominado HELIKE, está basada en las tres componentes de la ecuación de Navier-Stokes (no-hidrostáticas) y tiene en cuenta las dos componentes de la aceleración de Coriolis, (componentes normal y tangencial a la superficie terrestre), gradientes de densidad, turbulencia (valores constantes o modelos de turbulencia como Smagorinsky, Munk-Anderson o Pacanowski-Philander), fricción con fondo, tensión de viento y superficie libre. Pudiéndose también utilizar el modelo en fondos con batimetrías irregulares (fondo no-horizontal).
Los modelos tridimensionales no-hidrostáticos como el desarrollado en esta tesis están bien planteados para dominios con contorno abierto. Esto es muy importante en el modelado de mesoescala donde el modelado de la pequeña, pero relevante, velocidad vertical es importante y los contornos abiertos son inevitables. La formulación no-hidrostática tiene fundamentalmente importancia cuando la escala horizontal del movimiento se hace comparable con su escala vertical y no se pueda despreciar la velocidad vertical como por ejemplo, se da el caso en la circulación sobre fondos abruptos, convección en el océano abierto, etc.
El uso combinado de una discretización espacial por el método de los elementos finitos y el uso de mallas no-estructuradas proveen al modelo una gran flexibilidad para adaptarse a la complicada geometría de la línea de costa y del fondo marino. Además de la posibilidad de realizar refinamientos de la malla sobre áreas de mayor interés y aplicar las condiciones de contorno apropiadas para cada caso.
In this thesis finite element model was developed, named HELIKE, for the numerical simulation of the three-dimensional, turbulent, non-hydrostatic, free-surface flows like those arising in the study of the motion of water in coastal regions. The kinematic free-surface equation is used to compute the surface elevation, without resorting to vertical averages. The model developed here incorporates surface wind stress, bottom friction, Coriolis acceleration, the baroclinic term to take account the density gradients, and it is applicable to irregular bottom topographies. A pressure stabilization technique is employed to stabilize the finite element solution. Numerical results confirm the accuracy, robustness and applicability of the proposed method.
Aplicación de imágenes de satélite SAR,en los estudios de contaminación marina y de dinámica de las aguas en el mediterráneo noroccidental
Authors:   , Platónov Alexéi Konstantínovich 
Published: August 2023

This thesis presents diverse theoretical and practical applications of the ERS 1/2 and RADARSAT satellite images of the Synthetic Aperture Radar SAR sensor (near 330 images in the Northwest Mediterranean NWM and 980 in European coastal waters) Other types of satellite images were used to study the marine pollution and dynamics studies of the NWM and other European areas. Principal source of information constitutes a collection of the SAR images obtained on periodic form during the 1996-1998 years generally by the Clean Seas European project, also by the Oil Watch and the ERS-1/2 SAR Exploitation Study in Catalonia projects. The geographical area of interest includes the NWM maritime zone: Balearic Islands - Ebro Delta - Cap of Creus - Gulf of Leon - Marseilles - Balearic Islands. <br/>During the presents studies there we elaborated a thematic collection of the SAR (full and detailed fragments) images of the almost 300 oil spills and of the 42 coastal plumes detected in the NWM in the period 1996-1998 also thematic maps and the statistical analysis of their topologic characteristics and of their temporary/spatial occurrences were elaborated. <br/>The area of the all accidental spills and plumes that took place in the period 1996-1998 in the NWM was also estimated (the diameter is 146 km and it oil mass is 4.477 Tm), we made a comparative analysis of the results of the Clean Seas project from different zones of studies (NWM, North Sea, Baltic Sea) and the statistical analysis of the occurrence of disasters involving oil spills in European waters in base of the results of the present work and of the historical information of the past 34 years, relating them to Zipf's law. The general conclusion is that the small habitual oil spills play a significant role in the overall marine pollution due to its very frequent occurrence.<br/>In the area of study of the dynamics of the NWM we present the results of the topologic and spatial analysis of the vortices detected by the satellite sensors, the thematic maps, the comparison with the laboratory experiments, the quantitative analysis of the particularities of tide in different points of the NWM, the examples of the application of the multifractal analysis and also a practical method proposed in order to distinguish the sea surface structures of different origins.<br/>The obtained results have allowed to obtain a general and statistically justified vision of the level of the marine pollution of the NWM, as well as in other European maritime zones. It was also possible to obtain quantitative information on the complex superficial dynamics of the NWM, which can be useful to quantify the capacity of surface diffusion of the ocean.
PER NAVEGAR ENTRE ELS FITXERS D'AQUESTA TESI PARTIU DEL FITXER: inicio.pdf<br/>PARA NAVEGAR ENTRE LOS FICHEROS DE ÉSTA TESIS PARTIR DEL FICHERO: inicio.pdf<br/>THE FIRST FILE IS inicio.pdf
Coastal Vulnerability to Storms in the Catalan Coast
Authors:   , Mendoza Ponce Ernesto Tonatiuh 
Published: August 2023

Este trabajo presenta un marco metodológico para la estimación de la vulnerabilidad costera al impacto de tormentas a dos escalas, regional y local. Se hace una evaluación de la vulnerabilidad costera física mediante la cuantificación de dos componentes: erosión e inundación. Posteriormente, ambos elementos son integrados en un Índice de Vulnerabilidad Costera. La metodología desarrollada cubre los siguientes pasos: (i) clasificación de tormentas, (ii) evaluación de la respuesta inducida en la playa -inundación y erosión- (iii) caracterización de las playas en la zona de estudio (iv) definición del índice de vulnerabilidad costera y (v) evaluación de la vulnerabilidad costera. Estos pasos han sido derivados y aplicados a la costa catalana (Mediterráneo Noroccidental español) y pueden ser adaptados a otras costas. Los resultados obtenidos pueden ser fácilmente utilizados por los gestores costeros para identificar zonas costeras sensibles a una clase de tormenta dada y sus procesos inducidos (inundación, erosión o la combinación de ambos) para decidir donde tomar acciones para mitigar estos impactos.
This work presents a methodological framework for the estimation of coastal vulnerability to storm impacts at two scales, regional and local. It estimates the physical coastal vulnerability through the quantification of two components: erosion and flooding. Afterwards the two elements are integrated into the so called Coastal Vulnerability Index. The methodological process covers the following steps: (i) storm classification, (ii) evaluation of the induced beach response -flood and erosion-, (iii) coastal zone characterization, (iv) definition of a coastal vulnerability index to storms and (v) assessment of the coastal vulnerability. These steps have been derived and applied to the Catalan coast (NW Spanish Mediterranean) and can be adapted to other coasts. The obtained results can be used by coastal managers in an easy manner to identify sensitive coastal stretches for a given storm class and the induced processes (flooding, erosion or combination of both) with the purpose to take actions and mitigate these impacts.
Studies on organic solar cells based on small-molecules : tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene and fullerene C70
Authors:   , Galindo Lorente Sergi 
Published: August 2023

This work deals with the research on organic solar cells based on small-molecules semiconductors. In particular, organic solar cells of this thesis have been used tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene as donor material and fullerene C70 as acceptor material.
In the first part of this thesis, we focus on the influence of the density of states of the donor layer on the characteristic parameters of solar cells. Further, organic solar cells with p-i-n structure are presented, where the intrinsic layer is obtained by coevaporation of donor and acceptor. The influence of the thickness of the intrinsic layer on the p-i-n solar cell characteristic is analysed.
In the second part, an equivalent circuit for organic solar cells is presented. A new term is added to the standard model representing recombination losses in the active layer of the device. The analysis of the characteristics of current - voltage measured at different illumination intensities allows the estimation of the term recombination. The model clearly separates technological issues (series and parallel resistance) from effects related to the physics of the device (recombination losses). It also allows obtaining an effective mobility-lifetime product in the active layer of the device to be determined, characterising its state of degradation.
En aquesta tesi s’investiguen cèl·lules solars orgàniques basades en semiconductors de petita molècula. En particular, les cèl·lules solars orgàniques d’aquesta tesi han emprat tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene com material donador i ful·lerè C70 com material acceptador. En la primera part d'aquesta tesi, ens centrem en la influència de la densitat d'estats de la capa donadora en els paràmetres característics de les cèl·lules solars. Més endavant, es presenten cèl·lules solars orgàniques amb una estructura p-i-n, on la capa intrínseca s'obté per l'evaporació conjunta del donador i l’acceptador. S'analitza la influència del gruix de la capa intrínseca de la cèl·lula solar p-i-n en la característica de la cèl·lula solar. En la segona part, es presenta un circuit equivalent per a les cèl·lules solars orgàniques. S'afegeix un nou terme en el model estàndard que representa les pèrdues de recombinació a la capa activa del dispositiu. L’anàlisi de les característiques de corrent-tensió mesurades a diferents intensitats de llum permeten l'estimació del terme de recombinació. El model separa clarament les qüestions tecnològiques (resistències en sèrie i en paral·lel) dels efectes relacionats amb la física del dispositiu (pèrdues de recombinació). També permet l’obtenció d’un producte de la mobilitat - temps de vida efectiu a la capa activa del dispositiu a ser determinat, la caracterització del seu estat de degradació.
Les dérèglements des sens dans les romans fin-de-siècle. L’influence de la musique sur deux personnages névrosés
Authors: Gignoux Anne-Claire 
Published: August 2023

Le dérèglement dans À rebours de Huysmans et Madame Gervaisais des frères Goncourt doit être rapproché du sentiment de décadence, prégnant en Europe occidentale à la fin du XIXe siècle. Le duc des Esseintes et Mme Gervaisais subissent les désordres d’un monde disharmonieux, désordres auxquels la musique participe. Sa présence au coeur des romans sous forme d’ekphrasis témoigne à la fois d’une fascination pour cet art parfois jugé supérieur, et d’une compétition entre les arts.
Différenciation biotique et perte de plantes de milieux humides dans les tourbières ombrotrophes boisées
Authors: Pellerin Stéphanie , Gratton Camille , Lavoie Martin , Poulin Monique 
Published: August 2023

Le boisement est un phénomène de plus en plus observé dans les tourbières ombrotrophes en réponse aux pressions exercées par les activités humaines et le réchauffement climatique. Nous avons évalué les effets de la présence d’un couvert forestier sur la richesse et la diversité floristiques (alpha et bêta) des tourbières ombrotrophes dans 775 parcelles d’inventaires réparties dans 5 domaines ou sous-domaines bioclimatiques au Québec. Nos résultats montrent que la richesse et la diversité floristiques augmentent avec le couvert forestier, principalement dans les tourbières les plus méridionales. Cette hausse est associée à l’installation d’espèces vasculaires d’affinité terrestre et de mousses ayant comme substrats des débris ligneux. En contrepartie, nous observons une baisse d’espèces obligées des milieux humides et des sphaignes. Nous avons aussi montré que plus le couvert forestier des tourbières méridionales était élevé, plus les communautés floristiques étaient distinctes d’un site à l’autre. L’effet est moins important dans les régions plus nordiques probablement en raison d’un ensemble régional d’espèces plus semblable à celui des tourbières. En fonction de ces résultats, nous croyons important de réfléchir à des méthodes pour freiner ou ralentir le processus de boisement afin d’assurer la conservation de la flore particulière des tourbières.
Evaluation and Management of Idiopathic Unilateral Footdrop
Authors: Saygılı Mehmet Selçuk , Tekin Ali Çağrı , Bayraktar Mehmet Kürşad , Kır Mustafa Çağlar , Ayaz Mustafa Buğra , Kanyılmaz Selcen 
Published: August 2023

Background: We evaluated patients who were followed after acutely developing single-sided footdrop and improving with conservative management or spontaneously.
Methods: In 2019 and 2020, ten patients were retrospectively evaluated for unilateral weakness of the lower extremity in the form of absent dorsiflexion at the ankle joint and were given a diagnosis of footdrop without etiologic cause. Patients were followed for 18 months. Patients were evaluated for acute footdrop of the affected extremity with electromyography, lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), knee MRI, peripheral MRI neurography, and noncontrast brain MRI. Each patient was evaluated for a history of COVID-19 infection during the past year. Patients with any identified cause were excluded.
Results: Initial evaluation of muscle strength revealed 0/5 by the Medical Research Council muscle testing scale. In two patients, muscle strength was 3/5 at month 6 and in eight patients it was 4/5. Muscle strength of all of the patients improved to 5/5 at 1 year. Six patients were dispensed an ankle-foot orthosis, and nine patients performed physical therapy. Electromyography identified significant neuropathy at the level of the common peroneal at the fibular head in all of the patients. Compared with peroneal nerve stimulation below and above the fibular head in the lateral popliteal fossa, a 50% reduction in sensory amplitude and motor conduction slowing greater than 10 m/sec were present. Knee MRI revealed no masses, edema, or anatomical variations at the level of the fibular head.
Conclusions: Spontaneous resolution of unilateral acute footdrop without an etiologic cause can occur within 1 year.
Magnetic anomalies associated with abundant production of pyrrhotite in a sulfide deposit in the Okinawa Trough, Japan
Authors: Honsho Chie , Yamazaki Toshitsugu , Ura Tamaki , Okino Kyoko , Morozumi Haruhisa , Ueda Satoshi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe report here results from a deep‐sea magnetic survey using an autonomous underwater vehicle over the Hakurei hydrothermal site, in the middle Okinawa Trough. Magnetic inversion revealed that the Hakurei site is associated with well‐defined high‐magnetization zones distributed within a broad low‐magnetization zone. Results from rock magnetic measurements, performed on sulfide ore samples obtained by drilling, showed that some samples possessed extremely high natural remanent magnetization (NRM) (as much as 6.8–953.0 A/m), although most of the measured samples had much lower NRM. These high‐NRM samples were characterized by high Königsberger ratios (101−103), indicating much larger NRM than induced magnetization, and contained pyrrhotite as the only magnetic mineral. This suggests that NRM carried by pyrrhotite is the source of the observed magnetic anomalies. The wide range of NRM intensity was considered to be due to a highly heterogeneous distribution of pyrrhotite, because pyrrhotite was commonly identified in both the high‐NRM and low‐NRM samples. Pyrrhotite production may have been occasionally drastically increased, with highly magnetic ores formed as a result. Rapid burial of active vents may result in the creation of an extensive reducing environment under the seafloor, which is favorable to pyrrhotite production, and may also prevent oxidation of pyrrhotite by isolating it from seawater. Because the magnetization intensity of sulfide ores was highly variable, it would not be straightforward to estimate the quantity of ore deposits from the magnetic anomalies. Nevertheless, this study demonstrates the usefulness of magnetic surveys in detecting hydrothermal deposits.
Incidence of Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia in Patients With ANCA‐Associated Vasculitis Initiating Therapy With Rituximab or Cyclophosphamide
Authors: Nettleton Elizabeth , Sattui Sebastian E. , Wallace Zachary , Putman Michael 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThis manuscript assesses the incidence of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) among patients receiving contemporary treatment regimens for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV) and adverse events associated with PJP prophylaxis.MethodsIncident users of rituximab or cyclophosphamide for AAV were identified in the TriNetX electronic health records database from 2011 to 2022. The incidence rates (IRs) of PJP in the first 6 months of induction therapy with rituximab and/or cyclophosphamide and during postinduction maintenance therapy with rituximab were calculated. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of adverse events commonly associated with PJP prophylaxis.ResultsWe identified 1,461 AAV cases who received induction therapy with rituximab (69.7%), cyclophosphamide (18.9%), or both (11.4%). Prophylaxis prescribed within 30 days of induction included trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (30.7%), atovaquone (5.4%), dapsone (3.8%), and pentamidine (0.8%). During induction therapy, 10 cases of PJP were identified (IR 15.0 cases per 1,000 patient‐years); no deaths occurred. In adjusted analyses, those who received prophylaxis had a higher risk of leukopenia (HR 3.1; 95% CI 1.1–8.6), rash (HR 1.9; 95% CI 1.0–3.6), and nephropathy (HR 2.6; 95% CI 1.3–5.1) than those who did not. During rituximab maintenance therapy (n = 709), five cases of PJP were identified (IR 2.1 cases per 1,000 person‐years), one of whom died during the hospitalization associated with a PJP diagnosis.ConclusionRates of PJP in patients with AAV were lower than previously observed, and few cases occurred during rituximab maintenance therapy. PJP prophylaxis was associated with adverse events.
Selectfluor Mediated Regioselective Annulation Using Imidazopyridines, Acetophenones and DMF as Carbon Synthon
Authors: Kalari Saradhi , Rani Potluri Vijaya , Choudhari Dnyaneshwar J. , Balasubramanian Sridhar , Rode Haridas B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA Selectfluor mediated regioselective π‐extended [3+1+1] annulation using imidazopyridines, acetophenones and DMF as carbon source has been realized. The current route compared to traditional π‐extended annulation reaction utilizes commercially available acetophenones as a cyclic partner and offers three C−C bond formations. This reaction displayed good functional group tolerance wherein DMF served as a carbon synthon. Five‐membered bridged chroman‐4‐one derivative of imidazopyridine has been achieved with 2‐hydroxy acetophenone, wherein DMF acted as a dual carbon synthon and offered four C−C and one C−O bond formation in one‐pot.
Durable Multiblock Poly(biphenyl alkylene) Anion Exchange Membranes with Microphase Separation for Hydrogen Energy Conversion
Authors: Ma Yichang , Hu Chuan , Yi Guiqin , Jiang Zhangtang , Su Xiangyu , Liu Qinglin , Lee Ju Yeon , Lee So Young , Lee Young Moo , Zhang Qiugen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) and water electrolysis (AEMWE) show great application potential in the field of hydrogen energy conversion technology. However, scalable anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with desirable properties are still lacking, which greatly hampers the commercialization of this technology. Herein, we propose a series of novel multiblock AEMs based on ether‐free poly(biphenyl ammonium‐b‐biphenyl phenyl)s (PBPA‐b‐BPPs) that are suitable for use in high performance AEMFC and AEMWE systems because of their well‐formed microphase separation structures. The developed AEMs achieved outstanding OH− conductivity (162.2 mS cm−1 at 80 °C) with a low swelling ratio, good alkaline stability, and excellent mechanical durability (tensile strength >31 MPa and elongation at break >147 % after treatment in 2 M NaOH at 80 °C for 3750 h). A PBPA‐b‐BPP‐based AEMFC demonstrated a remarkable peak power density of 2.41 W cm−2 and in situ durability for 330 h under 0.6 A cm−2 at 70 °C. An AEMWE device showed a promising performance (6.25 A cm−2 at 2 V, 80 °C) and outstanding in situ durability for 3250 h with a low voltage decay rate (<28 μV h−1). The newly developed PBPA‐b‐BPP AEMs thus show great application prospects for energy conversion devices.
Von bis‐Olefin‐abgeleitete kristalline, diradikalische Schlenk‐Kohlenwasserstoffe mit einem Triplett‐Grundzustand
Authors: Saha Priyanka , Chrysochos Nicolas , Elvers Benedict J. , Pätsch Sebastian , Uddin Sk Imraj , Krummenacher Ivo , Nandeshwar Muneshwar , Mishra Anshika , Raman Karthik V. , Rajaraman Gopalan , Prabusankar Ganesan , Braunschweig Holger , Ravat Prince , Schulzke Carola , Jana Anukul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBeschrieben wird ein modularer Ansatz für die Synthese von kristallinen, diradikalischen Schlenk‐Kohlenwasserstoffen ausgehend von m‐Phenylen‐verbrückten, elektronenreichen bis‐Triazaalkenen. Das Auftreten eines Halbfeldsignals im EPR‐Spektrum bestätigt die diradikalische Natur sowie den Triplett‐Zustand der Spezies. Dass der Triplett‐Zustand auch dem Grundzustand entspricht, wird durch eine computergestützte Analyse untermauert. Um die Modularität des Ansatzes zu belegen, wurde zudem eine 4,6‐Dimethyl‐m‐Phenylen‐Brücke als Verbindung zwischen den beiden Alken‐Motiven untersucht. Der sterische Anspruch der beiden 4,6‐Dimethyl‐Gruppen führt zu einer substantiellen Rotation der Substituenten an den radikalischen Zentren relativ zum koppelnden m‐Phenylen‐Motiv. Daraus ergibt sich eine Verringerung der Spin‐Delokalisierung, was in einer signifikant reduzierten Austauschkopplung zwischen den ungepaarten Spinzuständen resultiert. Bemerkenswerterweise, konnten wir erstmalig und dies 108 Jahre nach der Synthese des m‐Phenylen‐Bis(Diphenylmethyl)‐Diradikals durch Schlenk ein Derivat mit der gleichen m‐Phenylen‐Brücke zwischen zwei radikalischen Zentren in kristalliner Form isolieren.