bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global dynamics analysis of a duopoly game model with isoelastic demand and consumer surplus
Authors: Liu Yuxia , Zhou Wei , Li Haijun , Xue Rui , Zhang Xiaopeng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We established a dynamic duopoly game model with consumer surplus and isoelastic demand, and studied the local and global dynamic characteristics of the game model. The local stability of the boundary equilibrium point is examined by way of the stability theory and Jacobian matrix, and through the Jury criterion, the stable region of the Nash equilibrium point is determined. The analysis revealed that the system may lose stability via the Flip bifurcation and the Neimark-Sacker bifurcation. The effect of each parameter on the stability of the system is discussed in virtue of numerical simulations, and it is concluded that when enterprises choose relatively small the speed of adjustment, profit weight coefficient and marginal cost, as well as relatively large price elasticity coefficient, it is more beneficial to the future long-term development of enterprises. With the help of the basin of attraction, the problem of attractor coexistence is studied. Multiple stability always implies path dependence, implying that historical chance has a significant impact on the future behavior of enterprises. In other words, the slight perturbations of the initial conditions will have a significant impact on how the system develops. In addition, we investigate the system’s global dynamical behavior using critical curves, basins of attraction, attracting areas and the noninvertible map, and discover three global bifurcations of the system. The boundary of the chaotic attractor and the region with higher density of points are given by the critical curve.
An antibody drug engineered for prevention of malaria in global populations
Authors: Williams Katherine , Guerrero Steve , Flores-Garcia Yevel , Andrews Kayla , Kim Dongkyoon , Williamson Kevin , Siska Christine , Smidt Pauline , Jepson Sofia , Liu Hong , Li Kan , Dennison S , Mathis-Torres Shamika , Chen Xiaomu , Wille-Reece Ulrike , MacGill Randall , Walker Michael , Jongert Erik , King C , Ockenhouse Christian , Glanville Jacob , Moon James , Regules Jason , Tan Yann Chong , Cavet Guy , Lippow Shaun , Robinson William , Dutta Sheetij , Tomaras Georgia , Zavala Fidel , Ketchem Randal , Emerling Daniel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Over 80% of malaria-attributable deaths are in children under five. However, the only malaria vaccine recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for paediatric use, Mosquirix™, has limited efficacy. Complementary strategies, like monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), will be required to eradicate malaria. To discover new anti-malaria mAbs, we evaluated >28,000 antibody sequences from circulating B cells obtained from 45 Mosquirix™ vaccinees and selected 369 for testing. Many antibodies bound the circumsporozoite protein (CSP), a main surface protein on malaria and the malaria antigen in Mosquirix™, and several were exceptionally protective in mouse models of malaria. Through this work, we identified surprising correlations that suggest certain CSP sequences in Mosquirix™ may induce immunodominant antibody responses that dilute protective immunity. Further, we selected the antibodies most protective in preclinical mouse models and engineered them for improved manufacturability and developability to meet WHO guidelines. An optimised clinical candidate, MAM01, suitable for paediatric populations living in low-to-middle-income countries, was selected for clinical development.
Large-eddy simulation of turbulent flame synthesis of silica nanoparticles with an extended population balance model
Authors: Tsagkaridis Malamas , Papadakis George , Jones William P. , Rigopoulos Stelios 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the present study, our recently proposed extended population balance equation (PBE) model for aggregation and sintering is incorporated into a Large-Eddy Simulation - Probability Density Function (LES-PDF) modelling framework to investigate synthesis of silica nanoparticles in a turbulent diffusion flame. The Eulerian stochastic field method is employed to solve the LES-PBE-PDF equations, characterising the influence of the unresolved sub-grid scale motions, and accounting for the complex interaction between turbulence, chemistry and particle dynamics. A different sub-grid mixing time scale is introduced to the model to account for the low diffusivity of nanoparticles. The models for gas-phase chemistry and aerosol dynamics are the same as those recently used by the authors to simulate silica synthesis in a laminar flame (Tsagkaridis et al. 2023). Thus, by retaining the same kinetics without any adjustments in parameters, we focus on the modelling issues arising in silica flame synthesis. The LES results are compared with the detailed experimental in-situ SAXS data of of Camenzind et al (2008). Good agreement is found between numerical predictions and experimental data for temperature along the centreline. However, the LES model underestimates the SAXS data for primary particle diameters by a factor of two. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed by leveraging knowledge acquired from the aforementioned laminar-flame simulations.
Surgical timing prevails as the main factor over morphologic characteristics in the reduction by ligamentotaxis of thoracolumbar burst fractures
Authors: Cirillo Juan Ignacio , Farias Ignacio , Pino Cristóbal del , Gimbernat Marcos , Urzúa Alejandro , Tapia Carlos , Zamorano Juan José 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
thoracolumbar burst fractures are associated with spinal canal occupation. The indirect decompression of the spinal canal and reduction of the fragment can be achieved with the distraction of the middle column and ligamentotaxis. Nevertheless, the factors that influence the effectiveness of this procedure and its temporality are controversial.
Methods
The aim of this observational, cross-sectional study was to evaluate the effectiveness of indirect reduction by ligamentotaxis in thoracolumbar burst fractures according to the fracture's radiologic characteristics and the procedure's temporality. Patients diagnosed with a thoracolumbar burst fracture between 2010 and 2021 were submitted to indirect reduction by distraction and ligamentotaxis. A retrospective analysis of radiologic characteristics and temporality of the procedure was performed with an independent sample t-test or Pearson's correlation coefficient, as required.
Results
A total of 58 patients were included in the analysis. Postoperatively, ligamentotaxis significantly improved all radiologic parameters (canal occupation, endplates distance, and vertebra height). Still, none of the radiological characteristics of the fracture (width, height, position, sagittal angle) were associated with the postoperative change in canal occupation. The endplates distance and the temporality of ligamentotaxis significantly predicted the reduction of the fracture.
Conclusion
Fragment reduction effectiveness is more significant when performed as early as possible and adequate distraction is achieved using the internal fixator system. The radiologic characteristics of the fractured fragment do not determine its reduction capacity.
Risk factors for moderate-to-severe acute pain after hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Hui , Yang Yitian , Jiang Lulu , Xu Xiaodong , Zhang Jiaqiang , Zhang Lianzhong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Inadequate postoperative analgesia is related to increased risks of many postoperative complications, prolonged hospital stay, declined quality of life, and increased costs.
Objectives
This study investigated the risk factors for moderate-to-severe postoperative pain during the first 24 hours and 24–48 hours after major hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery.
Methods
Data of patients who underwent surgery at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery in Henan Provincial People's Hospital were collected from January 2018 to August 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors of postoperative pain.
Results
In total, 2,180 patients were included in the final analysis. 183 patients (8.4%) suffered moderate-to-severe pain within 24 hours after operation. The independent risk factors associated with moderate-to-severe pain 24 hours after procedures were younger age (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95 to 0.98, P < 0.001), lower BMI (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89 to 0.98, P = 0.018), open surgery (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.52, P < 0.001), and postoperative analgesia protocol with sufentanil (OR, 4.38; 95% CI, 3.2 to 5.99, P < 0.001). Postoperative hospital stay was longer in patients with inadequate analgesia (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Age, BMI, laparoscopic surgery, and different analgesic drugs were significant predictors of postoperative pain after major hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100049726
An Observational Study of the Pharmacokinetics of Adductor Canal Block using Liposomal Bupivacaine and in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Chan Will Shing Him , Chan Timmy Chi Wing , Mak Henry Chi Yeung , Chan Manson Tak Hei , Cheung Clement Hoo Chun , Leung Susan Wai Sum , Li Steve Po Yam , Wong Stanley Sau Ching , Cheung Chi Wai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

BackgroundPeriarticular local infiltration of analgesia (LIA) and regional nerve block using adductor canal block (ACB) have been described as effective in managing postoperative pain for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). It has been shown that combining ACB with LIA can significantly reduce pain scores and postoperative consumption of morphine compared with LIA alone. However, this may raise concerns about the potential risk of local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST), especially with the large doses of total local anesthetic used in both LIA and ACB. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the plasma level of bupivacaine over a 72-hour period following ACB using 66.5 mg of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) in patients undergoing TKA with LIA using 300 mg ropivacaine. This study aims to provide some pharmacokinetic (PK) data of LB in ACB for future dose defining study on LB in ACB together with LIA.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study.Ethical approval for this study (Reference Number UW 20 -589) was provided by the Ethical Committee, Institutional Review Board of the University of Hong Kong / Hospital Authority Hong Kong West Cluster, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong (Chairman Prof. Brian Lang) on 6 October 2020.Ten patients undergoing primary, unilateral, simple revision TKA were included in the study from December 2020 – February 2022. The primary outcomes were the time to peak plasma concentration (Tmax) of bupivacaine and the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of bupivacaine. The secondary outcome was the presence of LAST.ResultsTmaxof bupivacaine was 48 hours while Cmax of bupivacaine was 88 mcg/L, this value was far below 2000 mcg/L, the defined toxic plasma concentration of bupivacaine.ConclusionsThe report's only validity resides with the dataset describing Tmax and Cmax of LB in a small cohort undergoing TKR.Trial registrationThe clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 07/06/2021 with registration number NCT04916392.
Implementing telehealth interventions between medical care and nursing homes in rural areas of Germany to enable regular medical support in everyday care procedures – a qualitative pre-post study
Authors: Brandt¹ Benigna , May Susann , Münte Catharina , Zahn Thomas , Heinze Martin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Currently, there is a shortage of general practitioners and specialists in rural areas in Germany. In particular, people who are not mobile are at risk of not being provided adequately with medical care. This development is expected to increase in the coming years. One approach to counteracting this problem is the use of telemedicine. In two rural areas in Brandenburg/Germany, a telemedical intervention (video consultation and data exchange) is therefore to be tested in the general practitioner care of people living in nursing homes. The aim of this study is to investigate the expectations, experiences, barriers and motivation for the use from the perspective of the professional groups involved (physicians, nurses, software developers, legal supervisors).
Methods
The duration of the telemedicine intervention was six months. Following a qualitative pre-post design, interviews with the professionals were conducted at two time points, before the implementation of telemedicine interventions (t0) and after the implementation (t1). For the analysis of the interviews, the inductive-deductive approach according to Kuckartz was followed.
Results
In total 20 interviews were conducted. At t0 a positive influence on time savings, more efficient cooperation between nursing and medical care, an improved image of the institution and higher satisfaction of nursing home residents was expected. At t1, an improved quality of care, more efficient work, as well as an attractive image for the institution were positively emphasized. Enormous obstacles resulted from the fact that the technical interfaces of the different documentation systems were not compatible or technically unattainable. Video consultation and data exchange worked particularly well in cases where: 1. where patients/residents changed settings (e.g., from hospital back to nursing home) 2. frequent physician visits were required (e.g., wound checks) 3. routine appointments between physician and nurses with little or no contact with patients.
Conclusions
Telemedicine interventions such as video consultation and shared documentation systems can relieve the existing care structures and supplement them with additional elements, provided that the technical and legal framework conditions allow this. However, the use of telemedical interventions cannot replace the personal visit but is to be understood as an additional option.
Early detection of vaccine-derived poliovirus outbreaks using nested PCR and nanopore sequencing in the Democratic Republic of Congo, 2021-2022
Authors: Shaw Alexander , Mampuela Tresor Kabeya , Lofiko Emmanuel Lokilo , Pratt Catherine , Troman Catherine , Bujaki Erika , O'Toole Aine , Akello Joyce , Aziza Adrienne Amuri , Lusamaki Eddy Kinganda , Cigolo Jean-Claude Makangara , Akonga Marceline , Lay Yvonne , Nsunda Bibiche , White Bailey , Jorgensen David , Pukuta Elisabeth , Riziki Yogolelo , Rankin Kathleen , Rambaut Andrew , Ahuka-Mundeke Steve , Muyembe Jean-Jacques , Martin Javier , Grassly Nicholas , Mbala-Kingebeni Placide 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Delayed detection of poliovirus outbreaks is a major threat to polio eradication. Direct molecular Detection and Nanopore Sequencing (DDNS) of stool samples shows promise as a faster method to detect and confirm polio cases compared with cell culture but has not been assessed prospectively during routine surveillance. We report on the implementation of prospective testing of all stool samples received from suspected polio cases and their contacts in the Democratic Republic of Congo between 10th August 2021 to 4th February 2022. DDNS detected polioviruses in 62/2339 (2.7%) of samples whilst the standard algorithm of cell culture, qPCR and Sanger sequencing detected 51/2339 (2.2%). The sensitivity and specificity of DDNS was not significantly different from cell culture. DDNS provided the VP1 sequence required for case confirmation on average 7 days after sample receipt compared with 30 days for the standard algorithm, allowing detection of three new cVPDV2 outbreaks a mean of 23 days earlier (range 6-30 days) and was estimated to cost less per sample tested. The mean sequence similarity between sequences obtained by the two methods was 99.98%. Continued implementation of DDNS in DRC and expansion to other countries will allow further evaluation of this method and inform its potential recommendation by the Global Polio Laboratory Network.
Design and application of cloud computing recommendation based on genetic algorithm in piano online course video system
Authors: Fang Bing , Liang XiaoMei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The current research papers mostly focus on the analysis of the teaching value of online piano courses, and do not design the video system of online piano courses. By using the cloud computing recommendation of genetic algorithm, this paper provides optimization countermeasures in terms of optimizing curriculum design according to the characteristics of students' piano practice, strengthening interaction with students' practice and guiding learning methods by establishing a cooperative learning system for teachers, aiming at the problems of piano teaching knowledge, skills and comprehensive ability in the offline practice process of piano majors, and the lack of self-management ability in the teaching process. Genetic algorithm provides a general framework for the complex multi constraint problem of online teaching system, and provides a good solution to the system design problem of multi-objective optimization. Using the optimization model obtained by big data sorting and multiple genetic operations, and discussing the application value of optimization methods in the design of piano online teaching video system, this paper will further take the piano online teaching video system as a research case, and draw a conclusion that the model has been significantly improved in various indicators. The results show that the cloud computing recommended optimized piano online course video system has high performance.
Economic Burden and Coping Mechanisms by Tuberculosis Treatment Supporters: A Mixed Method Approach from Bono Region, Ghana
Authors: Bio Robert Bagngmen , Akweongo Patricia , Adomah-Afari Augustine , Koduah Augustina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background: The Directly Observed Therapy Short Course (DOTS) strategy recommended by World Health Organization for tuberculosis control requires multiple clinic visits which may place economic burden on treatment supporters especially those with low socio-economic status. The End tuberculosis goal targeted eliminating all tuberculosis associated costs. However, the economic burden and coping mechanisms by treatment supporters is unknown in Ghana.
Objectives: The study determined the economic burden and coping mechanism by treatment supporters in Bono Region of Ghana.
Methods: Cross-sectional study using mixed method approach for data collection. For the quantitative data, a validated questionnaire was administered to 385 treatment supporters. Sixty in-depth interviews with treatment supporters to elicit information about their coping mechanisms using a semi-structured interview guide for the qualitative data. Descriptive statistics, costs estimation, thematic analysis and bivariate techniques were used for the data analysis.
Results: Averagely, each treatment supporter spent GHS 112.4 (US$21.1) on treatment support activities per month which is about 19% of their monthly income. Borrowing of money, sale of assets, used up saving were the major coping mechanisms used by treatment supporters. Highest level of education, household size, marital status and income level significantly influence both the direct and indirect costs associated with tuberculosis treatment support. The significant levels were set at 95% confidence interval and p <0.05.
Conclusion: We concludes that the estimated cost and coping mechanisms associated with assisting tuberculosis patients with treatment is significant to the tuberculosis treatment supporters. If not mitigated these costs have the tendency to worsen the socio-economic status and future welfare of tuberculosis treatment supporters.
Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Intervention In Anxiety Disorder: A Qualitative Case Study
Authors: Bhattacharya Suvosree , Mukhopadhyay Pritha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Mindfulness based interventions (MBIs) have shown effectiveness in anxiety disorders with most studies suggesting moderate level of efficacy. Majority of the studies are based on outcome and efficacy measures of intervention. Enough attention on the process of intervention and mechanism of change in MBI has not been widely explored. In this context, the present study focused on the process through which MBI brings about a change.
Methodology
The study was a case study with three participants. All of them had a primary diagnosis of anxiety and underwent MBI spanning over 3 months approximately. Two interviews (pre and post) treatment was conducted and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis as a method.
Result Analysis
The analysis revealed significant improvement in participants and three important themes came up which explained this process of change- The first theme centered on the participants’ experience of living with anxiety. The second theme centered on the individual’s utilization of available resources to cope with anxiety and how the nature and characteristics of these resources shifted from pre- to the post- intervention phase. The third theme (the evolved self) featured on the participants’ perception of self as they completed the MBI program and learned to view the world through its lenses.
Conclusion
This study revealed that MBI was effective in participants diagnosed with anxiety disorder. The participants reported that when faced with challenging situations they were better able to handle their emotions and felt more in control of themselves. Their anxiety did not make them feel entrapped like before and they could carry on productive work much better. There was enhanced sense of self confidence and improved Quality of life in the participants
Assortative mixing of opinions about COVID-19 vaccination in personal networks
Authors: Hâncean Marian-Gabriel , Lerner Jürgen , Perc Matjaž , Molina José Luis , Geantă Marius 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Many countries worldwide had difficulties reaching a sufficiently high vaccination uptake during the COVID-9 pandemic. To understand this hesitancy better, we performed cross-sectional research on a panel of 30,000 individuals which were representative for the population of Romania -- a country in Eastern Europe with a low 42.6% vaccination rate -- to determine whether people are more likely to be connected to peers displaying similar opinions about COVID-19 vaccination. We have extracted 443 personal networks amounting to 4430 alters, and we have used opinions, quantitative network measures, and socio-demographic features to predict individual opinions about COVID-19 vaccination. Our evidence indicates that the likelihood of having a positive opinion increases when peers have on average a more positive attitude than the rest of the nodes in the network. Also, we find that individuals with higher education and age are more likely to hold a positive opinion, and that positive opinions about COVID-19 vaccination are clustered. With the given empirical data, our study cannot reveal whether this assortative mixing of opinions is due to social influence or due to social selection, but it may nevertheless have implications for public health interventions, especially in countries that strive to reach higher uptake rates.