bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Endovascular vs. Surgical Treatment in Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas
Authors: Musmar Basel , Roy Joanna M. , Orscelik Atakan , Bhaskar Sonu , Sizdahkhani Saman , Atallah Elias , Koduri Sravanthi , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I. , Gooch Michael Reid , Rosenwasser Robert H. , Jabbour Pascal 
Published: January 2025

Study Design.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective.
This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of surgical and endovascular treatments for SDAVFs.

Summary of Background Data.
Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) result from an abnormal connection between the radiculomeningeal artery and the radicular vein, leading to venous hypertension and potential neurological damage. The two primary treatment strategies are surgical closure and endovascular obliteration of the fistula.

Methods.
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to July 2024. We defined the successful treatment as fistula occlusion with sufficient embolic material penetration or obliteration during surgery.

Results.
A total of 1192 articles were identified, with 40 studies meeting the inclusion criteria, comprising 1818 patients (surgical: 804, endovascular: 1014). The surgical group demonstrated higher rates of complete occlusion at last follow-up (96.8%, 363/375) compared to the endovascular group (72.5%, 470/648) (OR: 0.16; CI: 0.09 to 0.28, P<0.01). Surgical treatment also had higher successful treatment rates (97.5%, 392/402) compared to endovascular treatment (66.7%, 529/793) (OR: 0.11; CI: 0.06 to 0.19, P<0.01). Recurrence rates were lower in the surgical group (OR: 6.04; CI: 3.45 to 10.57, P<0.01) and retreatment rates were also lower (OR: 7.16; CI: 4.11 to 12.48, P<0.01). Initial treatment failure was significantly higher in the endovascular group (32.2%, 329/1023) compared to the surgical group (2.3%, 19/804) (OR: 8.97; CI: 5.56 to 14.45, P<0.01).

Conclusions.
Surgical treatment for SDAVFs achieves higher rates of complete occlusion and successful treatment compared to endovascular treatment, with lower rates of recurrence, retreatment, and initial treatment failure. Although both treatments show similar improvements in neurological status and periprocedural complications, surgery remains the preferred approach for definitive results. Treatment decisions should be individualized based on patient-specific factors and anatomical characteristics. Further research is needed to confirm these results.
Evaluation of Clinically Integrated Community Health Worker Support Interventions for Adults With Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Orofo Cynthia , Gothe Neha P. , Huebner Torres Cristina , Yoo-Jeong Moka , Ye Lichuan 
Published: January 2025

Background and Purpose:
Chronically ill individuals with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been extensively challenged by the complexities of disease management. Although clinically integrated community health worker (cCHW) support interventions have been increasingly implemented to help manage CVDs, a comprehensive analysis of interventions implemented in real-world settings is lacking. Additionally, the influence of contextual factors (eg, patient/organization characteristics) on such interventions is underexplored. Guided by the PRISM framework, the purpose of this review is to understand cCHW interventions supporting individuals with CVDs in the clinical settings.

Methods:
PubMed, CINAHL and APA PsycInfo databases were searched using the following primary keywords: (community health worker), (integrat*), (chronic) and (cardiovascular disease). Studies investigating the integration of CHWs in the care of adults with CVD published from inception to 2023 were included.

Results:
A total of 25 studies were included in the review. Majority of studies (n = 23) measured intervention effectiveness and often positively impacted outcomes, including blood pressure and chronic disease control. Compared to effectiveness, the rest of the RE-AIM domains were underexplored.

Conclusion and Implications:
cCHW programs have demonstrated some evidence in improving health outcomes in individuals with CVD. However, less is known about their impact on other relevant multidimensional RE-AIM outcomes.
Traffic pollution, reproductive health, and depressive symptoms in a healthy multiethnic sample of reproductive age women in the Ovarian Aging Study
Authors: Pan Anwesha , Cromeens Martha Grace , Cedars Marcelle I. , Bleil Maria E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to determine whether exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is associated with depressive symptoms while also characterizing the contribution of key explanatory factors related to sociodemographics and health. In addition, it aimed to also explore the role of reproductive health as a pathway through which exposure to TRAP may relate to depressive symptoms.

Methods
Participants were 688 healthy reproductive-age women in the Ovarian Aging Study. TRAP was derived from distance-weighted traffic counts using residential addresses. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. Explanatory factors were assessed by interview and clinic measures, including demographics (age, race/ethnicity), socioeconomic status (SES) (individual SES, neighborhood SES), general health (smoking, body mass index), and reproductive health (menarcheal age, contraceptive use, parity, menstrual cycle characteristics).

Results
In cross-sectional, step-wise multivariate regression analyses, greater exposure to TRAP was related to more depressive symptoms (b = 0.779, P = 0.015). Lower individual SES, longer menstrual cycle length, and experiencing change (vs no change) in menstrual cycle length were also related to more depressive symptoms (P's < 0.05). Examination of each model step showed that variance in depressive symptoms was attributable to TRAP (1.2%, P = 0.004), demographics (1.0%, P = 0.217), SES (1.4%, P = 0.007), general health (0.3%, P = 0.356), and reproductive health (2.0%, P = 0.015). Finally, menstrual cycle length, a marker of reproductive health status, partially mediated effects of TRAP on depressive symptoms (indirect effect: b = 0.064, P = 0.020).

Conclusions
Findings showed that exposure to TRAP is associated with depression, along with SES and reproductive health factors, and that reproductive health may be a pathway through which TRAP relates to depression.
“Doctor, I Want to Be Like This!”: Exploring Global Beauty Body Standards Through a Multicenter Survey
Authors: Tambasco Damiano , Mir Jordi , Hoyos Alfredo , Sieber David , Viaro Mauricio , Zamora Jack , Manfrim Carlos , Zara Edwin , Tomaselli Federica , Montes Christian , Isola Miriam , De Martino Maria , Parodi Pier Camillo , Albanese Roberta , Mendanha Mario 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Plastic surgery aims to enhance patients’ positive features and improve perceived flaws without seeking complete transformation. The body is a living organism, not a sculptural object to be reshaped at will. Aesthetic standards are influenced by subjective factors, including technology and social media’s effect on self-perception and beauty ideals. Understanding body perception requires consideration of personal views, mirror reflections, and external perspectives.

Methods:
We analyzed data from more than 4000 patients to obtain objective insights into contemporary aesthetic preferences. We examined the influence of globalization on beauty standards, the relationship between physical activity and desired body definitions, and regional preferences for specific body shapes. In addition, we assessed how patients’ aesthetic preferences are shaped more by the surgical centers they choose than by their nationality.

Results:
Our findings indicate that globalization has diversified perceptions of beauty, highlighting personal and cultural differences. We noted a significant correlation between patients’ aesthetic preferences and the surgical center, reflecting the impact of medical tourism and social media on shaping beauty ideals.

Conclusions:
As patient opportunities expand, the remote management of complex procedures necessitates skilled surgeons to ensure safe and effective care. Our experience provides valuable data on current patient preferences, essential for adapting practices in the evolving landscape of plastic surgery.
Lateral Polydactyly of the Foot: Surgical Outcomes Based on a New Classification
Authors: Otsuka Junko , Horii Emiko , Koh Shukuki , Takeshige Hiroki 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The objective of this study was to propose a novel classification for lateral polydactyly of the foot that integrates both visual appearance and radiographic findings and to delineate surgical techniques and their outcomes based on this classification.

Methods:
This study enrolled 148 feet from 126 patients who underwent initial surgery at our hospital between January 2009 and July 2021. The new classification system was derived from visual appearance according to the Hirase classification and radiological bifurcation level (D: distal or middle phalanx, P: proximal phalanx, and M: metatarsal). Incidence rates, surgical procedures, and surgical outcomes were compared across each type.

Results:
Morphologically, 25 cases were classified as type A, 43 cases as type B1, and 80 cases as type B2. The branching level was categorized as D in 81 feet, P in 41 feet, and M in 26 feet, with 68 feet (46%) classified as B2-D type. Excision of the sixth toes was performed in all type A cases, whereas the majority of type B cases required excision of the fifth toes. Revision procedures were conducted on 8 feet. Three patients with type A-P classification developed painful hammer toe deformities as a late sequela that necessitated extensor tenolysis and metatarsophalangeal joint contracture release during their school-age years.

Conclusions:
The classification system based on the combination of visual appearance and radiological branching level was both straightforward and beneficial for surgical planning and for predicting surgical outcomes and late sequelae.
Shifting Paradigms: A Deep Dive Into Public Perceptions of Gender-affirming Surgery
Authors: Camacho Justin M. , Alfertshofer Michael , Patel Heli S. , Najafali Daniel , Thompson Noelle , Stoffel Victoria , Reid Chris M. , Alperovich Michael , Knoedler Samuel , Knoedler Leonard 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Given the growing demand for gender-affirming surgery (GAS) in recent years, it is essential to explore the public perceptions of GAS. Understanding the public’s opinions and attitudes toward GAS will provide valuable insights for shaping educational initiatives to enhance public knowledge and awareness.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study used the Prolific Academic platform to distribute an online survey among adult participants residing in the United States in August 2023.

Results:
Of 1005 completed survey responses, 50% of respondents were 41 years of age or older, 51% were women, and 73% were White. A total of 18% identified as part of the LGBTQIA+ community, and most (37%) resided in the southern United States. The majority of participants (78%) did not personally know anyone who underwent GAS, and 74% believed that plastic surgeons mainly perform GAS. Only 22% felt healthcare professionals were well qualified to provide gender-affirming care. Media’s effect on GAS acceptance was assessed to be mostly negative (33%) or very negative (12%). About 33% favored both public and private health insurance coverage for GAS, whereas 35% opposed insurance coverage. Most respondents strongly agreed (32% and 34%) or agreed (33% and 37%) that GAS aligns with gender identity and improves mental health. Regarding minimum age, most partakers (43%) supported 18 years, whereas 38% endorsed 21 years.

Conclusions:
This study sheds light on the public perceptions of GAS. These insights underscore the need for targeted educational efforts to increase awareness, rectify misconceptions, and promote a deeper understanding of GAS within society.
Evidence-based Algorithms for Free Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Salvage in Autologous Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Todd Anna R. , Alrajraji Mawaddah , Sawa Kathryn , Lipa Joan E. , Snell Laura 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Breast reconstruction with the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) free flap has become the gold standard for autologous breast reconstruction. Flap take-back to the operating room (OR) is an uncommon but difficult situation, requiring prompt and accessible resources. We conducted a literature review and independent expert review to inform evidence-based perioperative algorithms in the event of DIEP flap compromise.

Methods:
A review of the literature was conducted, including MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials. Publications examining free flap re-exploration in breast reconstruction were used to inform evidence-based clinical algorithms. The algorithms then underwent expert review and revisions from 6 international experts in microsurgery.

Results:
Three evidence-based management algorithms were created. The first algorithm outlines perioperative management strategies to optimize patient care and prompt return to the OR. Nonconstricting flap inset after take-back, salvage medical strategies and postoperative management following flap failure were additionally included. Algorithms 2 (venous congestion) and 3 (vascular thrombosis) provide specific intraoperative strategies surrounding mechanical decompression, pedicle exposure, assessment and extraction of thrombosis, identification and use of alternative recipient vessels, and the usage of intraoperative thrombolytics.

Conclusions:
A coherent and stepwise approach to DIEP flap compromise in breast reconstruction was developed. These expert-reviewed algorithms provide an approachable and evidence-based structure to support return to the OR and serve as readily available resources.
Genetics, manifestations, and management of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Desai Shubh , Moore Oliver M. , Wehrens Xander H.T. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose of review
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a devastating heritable channelopathy that can lead to sudden cardiac death in children and young adults. This review aims to explore genetics, the cardiac and extracardiac manifestations of mutations associated with CPVT, and the challenges involved with managing phenotypically variable variants.

Recent findings
The understanding of the genetics and mechanisms of CPVT continues to grow with recent discoveries including alternative splicing of cardiac TRDN and calmodulin gene variants. Additionally, there is an increasing recognition of the extra-cardiac manifestations such as epilepsy, neurodevelopmental delay, and glucose homeostasis abnormalities in RyR2 variant carriers. Advances in precision medicine, including the development of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, are valuable models for developing targeted therapeutics.

Summary
CPVT remains a complex disorder with cardiac and neurological manifestations impacting management. Early genetic testing and personalized treatment, including beta-blockers, flecainide, and ICDs, is important in improving outcomes. Ongoing research into the mechanism of each mutation will help in developing more effective, personalized therapeutics.
Syncope Induced by Dynamic Head and Shoulder Motion in the Setting of Left Subclavian Stenosis
Authors: Fearington Forrest W. , Alajbegovic Katarina , Scott Jonathan M. , Brinjikji Waleed , Holmes Carmen R. , Khan Muhib 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Dynamic vertebral artery insufficiency is a rare vascular phenomenon characterized by insufficient flow of the posterior cerebral circulation induced by dynamic motion of the head. Prior case reports have been limited to vertebral artery occlusion by cervical osteophytes or other structural impingements.

Case Report:
In this case report, we discuss the unusual case of a 61-year-old female with a history of vertigo, diplopia, nystagmus, and left subclavian stenosis admitted to the hospital for syncope elicited by a left head turn and left shoulder raise. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound and angiography showed evidence of dynamic vertebrobasilar insufficiency elicited by a left-head turn. Percutaneous stenting of the left subclavian artery led to the resumption of normal vessel flow as assessed by TCD and the resolution of the patient’s symptoms.

Conclusions:
This case highlights an unusual cause of dynamic vertebrobasilar insufficiency induced by head turn and/or left shoulder raise due to subclavian stenosis, diagnosed by TCD and angiography, and successfully treated with subclavian artery stenting.
Topical neurokinin-1 receptor antagonism ameliorates ocular pain and prevents corneal nerve degeneration in an animal model of dry eye disease
Authors: Naderi Amirreza , Taketani Yukako , Wang Shudan , Kahale Francesca , Yung Ann , Surico Pier Luigi , Chen Yihe , Dana Reza 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
Ocular pain is a common complaint to eye care providers, associated with a variety of ocular conditions, among which dry eye disease (DED) is affecting millions of people worldwide. Despite being highly prevalent, ocular pain is not managed adequately in the clinic.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic potential of neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) antagonism in DED.

Methods:
Dry eye disease was induced in mice, and an NK1R antagonist L-733,060 was topically administered twice daily throughout the study for 14 days. Hyperalgesia and allodynia were assessed using the eye-wiping test and palpebral ratio measurements. Corneas were collected for measuring substance P (SP) levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and imaging nerves by immunostaining. Trigeminal ganglions (TG) were collected to determine SP levels by ELISA and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M (melastatin) member 8, c-Fos, and activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) mRNA levels by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
Treating DED mice with L-733,060 resulted in a significant reduction in eye wipe behavior, a significant increase in palpebral ratio, and significant decreases in SP levels in both the cornea and TG compared with the vehicle-treated group. In addition, NK1R antagonist treatment significantly suppressed the upregulation of TRPV1, ATF3, and c-Fos and prevented corneal nerve loss.

Conclusion:
Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonism effectively reduced ocular nociception, decreased neuronal activation, and preserved corneal nerves in mice with DED. These findings suggest that blockade of SP signaling pathway is a promising therapeutic strategy for managing DED pain.
Literature review on eye trauma in Africa
Authors: Philémon Mapenzi Ndagonywa , Kakusu Daniel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundOcular trauma is a relevant cause of monoocular blindness in Africa. Although once neglected, it has recently been incriminated as one of the main etiologies of non-congenital visual impairment throughout Africa, the epidemiology of ocular injuries varies across regions, and remains an increasing concern, hence the interest in highlighting its aspects.ObjectiveThis study aims to take stock of the overall situation on the epidemio-clinical, etiological and therapeutic aspects.MethodsThis study is a narrative literature review of articles on ocular trauma in Africa published in Medline via Pubmed and Semantic scholar from Research rabbit. After cross-referencing the keywords, we found, relative to our study period from 2012 to 2022, 215 articles in the literature on eye trauma, of which nine articles were thus retained according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.ResultsIn relation to the frequency, the highest frequency according to the regions is 44.1% observed in the studies carried out in Tanzania in 2019 and the lowest is observed in the studies carried out in Nigeria in 2017 while two years later still in Nigeria the results showed an increasing trend to 30.7%; which proves that the frequency of eye trauma in Africa varies in time and space. Clinically, the results illustrate the most common clinical signs. It emerges that each study has its particularity on the most common signs. Whatever the spatio-temporal particularities of eye trauma, the most commonly used management is medical treatment.
Understanding preconception care practices, beliefs, and attitudes in Australian primary care: A qualitative study of health professionals
Authors: Caut Cherie , Schoenaker Danielle , McIntyre Erica , Steel Amie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundPrimary care is well placed to provide preconception care. To support primary care professionals in meeting the preconception care needs of prospective parents, an understanding of their perspectives and experiences of providing preconception care is needed. As women consult with a range of primary care health professionals for preconception care, including general practitioners (GPs), midwives, and naturopaths, this study aimed to explore these health professions’ beliefs and attitudes towards preconception care and describe their preconception care practice behaviours in Australia.MethodsQualitative methods were employed. Focus groups and interviews with health professionals (n=18) in clinical practice (more than 5 years) within Australia were conducted between May and August 2021. Health professionals comprised GPs (n=6), midwives (n=5), and naturopaths (n=7) and were recruited through professional organisations. Fieldwork explored the practice services provided, beliefs and attitudes towards preconception care, and preconception care practice behaviours. Data analysis used a framework thematic analysis approach.ResultsThree major themes were identified:Defining preconception health and care(subthemes:defining preconception healthanddefining preconception care), Understanding primary practitioners’ role in preconception care(subthemes:the GP’s role as central to preconception care,role is holistic, educational, and empoweringandrole of personal experience and gender in being a preconception care provider), andSituating preconception care in primary care practice(subthemes:preconception care patient populations,preconception care within broader health servicesandpreconception health information sources are varied).ConclusionsWhile health professionals shared similar views on the factors that comprise preconception health, some components of preconception health differed among the health professional groups. Although it is universally agreed that GPs are key providers of preconception care, they are not the only health professionals with a role. A wider range of health professionals could aid in meeting the preconception care needs of people of reproductive age with greater coordination among them. To improve the provision of multi-disciplinary preconception care further insights into shared and complementary responsibilities among health professionals in primary care settings are needed.