bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of student and school characteristics on SEL skills of adolescents: A hierarchical linear modelling
Authors: Ağirkan Murat , Keklik İbrahim , Ergene Tuncay 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to examine student and school characteristics that could affect adolescents' social and emotional learning (SEL) skills. The study group consisted of randomly selected 3017 high school students from 42 schools in Turkey. According to two‐level Hierarchical Linear Modelling analysis findings, the mean SEL scores of schools differed statistically significantly. The variables of academic achievement, participation in events (scientific, artistic, sports, community services), adolescent‐parent relationships, and absenteeism status variables were important predictors of SEL scores at the student level. The variables of the relationship between students, teacher–student relationships, number of students/teachers, music class (active use), number of student clubs in the school, parental involvement, presence of school counselor, and disciplinary action rate were important predictors of SEL scores at the school level. Findings were thoroughly discussed in relation to the existing literature, and recommendations were made for future studies and applications.
Clinical scope and healthcare utilization in childhood interstitial lung disease at a tertiary center
Authors: Feld Lance , Voss Laura , Li Zeyu Nancy , Rice Jessica L. , Josephson Maureen , Li Yun , McGrath‐Morrow Sharon , Young Lisa R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChildhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) is a heterogeneous group of diffuse lung diseases that can be challenging to diagnose. With relative rarity of individual entities, data are limited on disease prevalence, care patterns, and healthcare utilization. The objective of this study was to evaluate chILD prevalence and review diagnostic and clinical care patterns at our center. A single‐center, retrospective cohort study was conducted of patients receiving care at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2021. Through query of selected ICD‐10 billing codes relevant for chILD and medical chart review, a total of 306 patients were identified receiving pulmonary care during this period. Respiratory symptom onset was documented to have developed before 2 years of age for 40% of cases. The most common diagnostic categories included those with oncologic disease (21.2%), bronchiolitis obliterans (10.1%), and connective tissue disease (9.5%). Genetic testing was performed in 49% of cases, while 36% underwent lung biopsy. Hospitalization at CHOP had occurred for 80.4% of patients, with 45.1% ever hospitalized in an intensive care unit. One‐third of children had required chronic supplemental oxygen. Seven (2.3%) patients died during this 3‐year period. Collectively, these data demonstrate the scope of chILD and extent of health care utilization at a large volume tertiary care center. This approach to cohort identification and EMR‐driven data collection in chILD provides new opportunities for cohort analysis and will inform the feasibility of future studies.
Acidity‐Responsive Nanoreactors Destructed “Warburg Effect” for Toxic‐Acidosis and Starvation Synergistic Therapy
Authors: Zhu Jiawei , Cai Hao , Xu Chengshuang , Wang Wenjun , Song Xuejiao , Li Buhong , Shen Yi , Dong Xiaochen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract“Warburg Effect” shows that most tumor cells rely on aerobic glycolysis for energy supply, leading to malignant energy deprivation and an “internal alkaline external acid” tumor microenvironment. Destructing the “Warburg Effect” is an effective approach to inhibit tumor progression. Herein, an acidity‐responsive nanoreactor (Au@CaP‐Flu@HA) is fabricated for toxic acidosis and starvation synergistic therapy. In the nanoreactor, the fluvastatin (Flu) could reduce lactate efflux by inhibiting the lactate‐proton transporter (monocarboxylate transporters, MCT4), resulting in intracellular lactate accumulation. Meanwhile, the glucose oxidase‐mimic Au‐nanocomposite consumes glucose to induce cell starvation accompanied by gluconic acid production, coupling with lactate to exacerbate toxic acidosis. Also, the up‐regulated autophagic energy supply of tumor cells under energy deprivation and hypoxia aggravation is blocked by autophagy inhibitor CaP. Cellular dysfunction under pHi acidification and impaired Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) synthesis under starvation synergistically promote tumor cell apoptosis. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that this combinational approach of toxic‐acidosis/starvation therapy could effectively destruct the “Warburg Effect” to inhibit tumor growth and anti‐metastatic effects.
Facial mimicry is not modulated by dopamine D2/3 and opioid receptor antagonism
Authors: Korb Sebastian , Clarke Alasdair , Massaccesi Claudia , Willeit Matthäus , Silani Giorgia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Rationale
According to theories of embodied cognition, facial mimicry — the spontaneous, low-intensity imitation of a perceived emotional facial expression — is first an automatic motor response, whose accompanying proprioceptive feedback contributes to emotion recognition. Alternative theoretical accounts, however, view facial mimicry as an emotional response to a rewarding stimulus, and/or an affiliative signal, and thus reject the view of an automatic motor copy.

Objectives
To contribute to this debate and further investigate the neural basis of facial mimicry, as well as its relation to reward processing, we measured facial reactions to dynamic happy and angry faces after pharmacologically manipulating the opioid and dopamine systems — respectively, thought to subserve ‘liking’ and ‘wanting’ of rewards.

Methods
In a placebo-controlled, double-blind experiment, 130 volunteers received in a between-subjects design 50 mg of the opioidergic antagonist naltrexone, 400 mg of the dopaminergic antagonist amisulpride, or placebo.

Results
Clear occurrence of facial mimicry, measured 4 h after drug intake with electromyography (EMG) of the zygomaticus major and corrugator supercilii muscles, was found. However, facial mimicry was not affected by either compound, as shown with both frequentist statistics, and a Bayesian asymptotic regression model.

Conclusions
This null finding does not support the hypothesis that facial mimicry (of happiness) reflects an emotional response to a rewarding stimulus, leaving open the possibility of facial mimicry being an automatic motor copy. The results are relevant to the discussion about the psychological nature and the neural basis of facial mimicry, although they should be considered preliminary, given the challenges of interpreting null findings when targeting a novel effect of unknown size.
OKAY as a content word: Regulating language and constructing centres of norms in Finnish, Finland-Swedish, and Sweden-Swedish academic writing consultation meetings
Authors: Henricson Sofie , Mäntynen Anne , Nelson Marie , Savijärvi Marjo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The focus of this article is on OKAY as a resource for regulating language and constructing norm centres in authentic consultation meetings related to academic writing and recorded in Finland and Sweden. It gives an overview of all occurrences of OKAY in the interactional data in question, revealing that the word occurs frequently in academic writing consultations in Finnish, Finland Swedish, and Sweden Swedish. There are similarities in the frequency of its use and the distribution of occurrences between counsellor and student in the Finnish and the Finland-Swedish data, whereas the Sweden-Swedish counselling interactions follow a slightly different pattern. Through the lens of conversation analysis and systemic–functional linguistics, we further demonstrate how the counsellors and the students use the evaluative content word OKAY as a resource for regulating both academic writing and the counselling interaction, and thereby position themselves epistemically and orient towards different centres of norms.
Early-life stress perturbs the epigenetics of Cd36 concurrent with adult onset of NAFLD in mice
Authors: Fu Qi , Frick Jenna M. , O’Neil Maura F. , Eller Olivia C. , Morris E. Matthew , Thyfault John P. , Christianson Julie A. , Lane Robert H. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases in the U.S. and worldwide. The roles of early postnatal life stress (EPLS) and the fatty acid translocase (CD36) on the pathogenesis of adult-onset NAFLD remain unknown. We hypothesized that EPLS, in the form of neonatal maternal separation (NMS), would predispose mice towards developing adult NAFLD, increase hepatic CD36 expression, and differentially methylate Cd36 promoter concurrently.

Methods
NMS was performed on mice from postnatal day 1 to 21 and a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFS) diet was started at 4 weeks of age to generate four experimental groups: Naive-control diet (CD), Naive-HFS, NMS-CD, and NMS-HFS.

Results
NMS alone caused NAFLD in adult male mice at 25 weeks of age. The effects of NMS and HFS were generally additive in terms of NAFLD, hepatic Cd36 mRNA levels, and hepatic Cd36 promoter DNA hypomethylation. Cd36 promoter methylation negatively correlated with Cd36 mRNA levels. Two differentially methylated regions (DMRs) within Cd36 promoter regions appeared to be vulnerable to NMS in the mouse.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that NMS increases the risk of an individual, particularly male, towards NAFLD when faced with a HFS diet later in life.

Impact

The key message of this article is that neonatal maternal separation and a postweaning high-fat/high-sucrose diet increased the risk of an individual, particularly male, towards NAFLD in adult life.

What this study adds to the existing literature includes the identification of two vulnerable differentially methylated regions in hepatic Cd36 promoters whose methylation levels very strongly negatively correlated with Cd36 mRNA.

The impact of this article is that it provides an early-life environment-responsive gene/promoter methylation model and an animal model for furthering the mechanistic study on how the insults in early-life environment are “transmitted” into adulthood and caused NAFLD.
2.1 Base-Metal-Mediated Cross Couplings Using N-(Acyloxy)phthalimides
Authors: Panda S. P. , Hota S. K. , Jindal A. , Murarka S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDecarboxylative radical cross couplings involving N-(acyloxy)phthalimides as alkyl halide surrogates have evolved as a powerful strategy to forge a variety of C(sp3)—C and C(sp3)—X (X = B, Si, etc.) bonds. Such single-electron-transfer-induced couplings are robust, chemoselective, and scalable, and are generally mediated by base metals such as nickel, iron, cobalt, and copper. This chapter delineates the significant developments made in this area, including accompanying mechanistic discussions and representative procedures, with an organization that is based on the type of bond formation.
2.3 Cobalt- and Iron-Catalyzed Hydroboration
Authors: Ge S. , Yang X. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe hydroboration reaction provides a highly practical and straightforward approach to access organoboron compounds. In modern synthetic chemistry, catalysts based on abundant transition metals such as cobalt and iron have been widely employed in this transformation. This chapter summarizes some selected recent examples of cobalt- and iron-catalyzed hydroboration reactions of unsaturated organic molecules, such as alkenes, alkynes, dienes, diynes, enynes, ketones, and nitriles, with an emphasis on the control of chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity.
2.15 Manganese-Catalyzed C—H Functionalization
Authors: Yang Y. , Wang C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractManganese-catalyzed directed C—H functionalization is an efficient and straightforward approach for the formation of a variety of C—C and C—heteroatom bonds. In this review, we summarize the most significant advances in manganese-catalyzed C(sp2)—H functionalizations, including C—H alkenylation, alkylation, allylation, cyclization, amination, cyanation, borylation, and hydroxymethylation. The chapter is classified based on the type of newly formed chemical bond (C—C, C—N, C—B, and C—D bonds) and the reacting partner.
Comminuted lunate fracture combined with distal radius fracture and scaphoid fracture: A case report
Authors: Li Jun , Zhao Guangyue , Zhang Weiliang 
Published: July 2023

Rationale:
Incidence of lunate fractures is very low, less than 1% of all fractures. Lunate fractures generally come from high-energy injuries, often combined with other wrist fractures. Simple lunate fractures can be fixed with screws or Kirschner wires. However, Comminuted lunate fractures are difficult to reduce and fixe by conventional methods.

Patient concerns:
Here we report a 42-year-old male construction worker who was crushed by an excavator bucket and presented with comminuted lunate fracture combined with distal radius fracture and scaphoid fracture.

Diagnoses:
Comminuted lunate fracture, distal radius fracture, and scaphoid fracture.

Interventions:
The posterior approach was used to reconstruct the radial lunate bone with polymethylmethacrylate cement, and cannulated screws were used to fix the scaphoid and distal radius fractures.

Outcomes:
At the 3rd month after surgery, the movement of the right wrist joint improved. At the sixth month after surgery, the patient returned to the building site and began working at the same intensity as before the injury.

Lessons:
Although the incidence of comminuted lunate fractures is very low, they occur sometimes. For comminuted lunate fractures, early identification and intervention can preserve most of the function of the wrist joint.
Occipital bone defect caused by neurofibromatosis type I: A case report
Authors: Wang Yiquan , Song Shuyue , Li Zhen , Zhao Yujing , Miao Junjie , Wang Zhe 
Published: July 2023

Rationale:
The synergistic effect between nonmalignant lesions can also cause a serious impact on patient survival. This disease involves different organ systems and presents with a variety of clinical manifestations, such as schwannoma, depigmentation, low-grade glioma, and skeletal abnormalities. We report a case of type I neurofibromatosis with an occipital bone defect.

Patient concerns:
We report a case of a 50-year-old man with type I neurofibromatosis with occipital bone defect.

Diagnosis:
The patient was accepted by the local hospital due to sudden right upper limb weakness accompanied by jitter without recognizable cause or inducement. A computerized tomography scan at a local hospital suggested subcutaneous neurofibromatosis with a left occipital cranial defect with thinning bone. On admission physical examination, diffuse multiple masses could be seen throughout the body and head of different sizes and composed of soft and tough textures. The largest one was located in the posterior occipital bone, approximately 8*8 cm in size, with a child tumor and tough texture. Multiple café-au-lait spots could be found on the chest and back, and multiple freckles can be seen in the armpit. The patient underwent surgery. Postoperative pathology showed a spindle cell tumor, which was determined to be neurofibromatosis type I according to immunopathology and clinical data.

Interventions:
The patient was admitted for surgical treatment. During the operation, the scalp mass was completely abducted and the tumor tissue at the skull defect was sharply separated. Postoperative pathology showed that the peripheral margin and the bottom margin were cleaned.

Outcomes:
Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed that the tumor was completely. There were not any surgical complications. The patient recovered well, was cured and was dismissed from the hospital.

Lessons:
The synergistic effect between nonmalignant lesions can also cause a serious impact on patient survival to encourage early medical intervention. The clinical presentation of neurofibromatosis type I am usually nonmalignant, and in this case, involvement of the skull with bone defect is very rare. Therefore, it is necessary to accumulate relevant cases, reveal the pathogenesis of the disease, predict the development and outcome, and provide more evidence for early therapeutic intervention of similar patients in the future.
Cancer Risk Following HLA-Incompatible Living Donor Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Motter Jennifer D. , Massie Allan B. , Garonzik-Wang Jacqueline M. , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Yu Kelly J. , Segev Dorry L. , Engels Eric A. 
Published: July 2023

Background.
Incompatible living donor kidney transplant recipients (ILDKTr) require desensitization to facilitate transplantation, and this substantial upfront immunosuppression may result in serious complications, including cancer.

Methods.
To characterize cancer risk in ILDKTr, we evaluated 858 ILDKTr and 12 239 compatible living donor kidney transplant recipients (CLDKTr) from a multicenter cohort with linkage to the US transplant registry and 33 cancer registries (1997–2016). Cancer incidence was compared using weighted Cox regression.

Results.
Among ILDKTr, the median follow-up time was 6.7 y (maximum 16.1 y) for invasive cancers (ascertained via cancer registry linkage) and 5.0 y (maximum 16.1 y) for basal and squamous cell carcinomas (ascertained via the transplant registry and censored for transplant center loss to follow-up). Invasive cancers occurred in 53 ILDKTr (6.2%) and 811 CLDKTr (6.6%; weighted hazard ratio [wHR] 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76-1.35). Basal and squamous cell carcinomas occurred in 41 ILDKTr (4.8%) and 737 CLDKTr (6.0%) (wHR 0.99; 95% CI, 0.69-1.40). Cancer risk did not vary according to donor-specific antibody strength, and in an exploratory analysis, was similar between CLDKTr and ILDKTr for most cancer types and according to cancer stage, except ILDKTr had a suggestively increased risk of colorectal cancer (wHR 3.27; 95% CI, 1.23-8.71); however, this elevation was not significant after correction for multiple comparisons.

Conclusions.
These findings indicate that the risk of cancer is not increased for ILDKTr compared with CLDKTr. The possible elevation in colorectal cancer risk is unexplained and might suggest a need for tailored screening or prevention.
Novel insights into hippocampal perfusion using high-resolution, multi-modal 7T MRI
Authors: Haast Roy A. M. , Kashyap Sriranga , Ivanov Dimo , Yousif Mohamed D. , DeKraker Jordan , Poser Benedikt A. , Khan Ali R. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTWe present a comprehensive study on the non-invasive measurement of hippocampal perfusion. Using high-resolution 7 Tesla arterial spin labelling data, we generated robust perfusion maps and observed significant variations in perfusion among hippocampal subfields, with CA1 exhibiting the lowest perfusion levels. Notably, these perfusion differences were robust and detectable even within five minutes and just fifty perfusion-weighted images per subject. To understand the underlying factors, we examined the influence of image quality metrics, various tissue microstructure and morphometry properties, macrovasculature and cytoarchitecture. We observed higher perfusion in regions located closer to arteries, demonstrating the influence of vascular proximity on hippocampal perfusion. Moreover,ex vivocytoarchitectonic features based on neuronal density differences appeared to correlate stronger with hippocampal perfusion than morphometric measures like gray matter thickness. These findings emphasize the interplay between microvasculature, macrovasculature, and metabolic demand in shaping hippocampal perfusion. Our study expands the current understanding of hippocampal physiology and its relevance to neurological disorders. By providingin vivoevidence of perfusion differences between hippocampal subfields, our findings have implications for diagnosis and potential therapeutic interventions. In conclusion, our study provides a valuable resource for extensively characterising hippocampal perfusion.
A mouse model of ATRX deficiency with cognitive deficits and autistic traits
Authors: Quesnel Katherine M. , Martin-Kenny Nicole , Bérubé Nathalie G. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTATRX is an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling protein with essential roles in safeguarding genome integrity and modulating gene expression. Deficiencies in this protein cause ATR-X syndrome, a condition characterized by intellectual disability and an array of developmental abnormalities, including features of autism. Previous studies demonstrated that deleting ATRX in mouse forebrain excitatory neurons postnatally resulted in male-specific memory deficits. Here, we introduce a new model where ATRX is deleted at earlier embryonic stages, resulting in a broader spectrum of impairments, including contextual fear memory deficits, decreased anxiety, hyperactivity, as well as self-injurious and stereotyped behaviours. Sex-specific alterations were also observed, with males displaying heightened aggression and impaired sensory gating, while females exhibit social avoidance. Collectively, the findings indicate that early developmental abnormalities arising from ATRX deficiency in neurons contribute to of the presentation of autistic-like behaviours.Summary StatementMice with embryonic loss of ATRX in excitatory neurons represent a clinically relevant model to study sexually dimorphic alterations in cognitive and autistic traits.