bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Land application of industrial wastes: impacts on soil quality, biota, and human health
Authors: De Silva Shamali , Carson Peter , Indrapala Demidu V. , Warwick Barry , Reichman Suzie M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlobally, waste disposal options such as landfill, incineration, and discharge to water, are not preferred long-term solutions due to their social, environmental, political, and economic implications. However, there is potential for increasing the sustainability of industrial processes by considering land application of industrial wastes. Applying waste to land can have beneficial outcomes including reducing waste sent to landfill and providing alternative nutrient sources for agriculture and other primary production. However, there are also potential hazards, including environmental contamination. This article reviewed the literature on industrial waste applications to soils and assessed the associated hazards and benefits. The review investigated wastes in relation to soil characteristics, dynamics between soils and waste constituents, and possible impacts on plants, animals, and humans. The current body of literature demonstrates the potential for the application of industrial waste into agricultural soils. The main challenge for applying industrial wastes to land is the presence of contaminants in some wastes and managing these to enhance positive effects and reduce negative outcomes to within acceptable limits. Examination of the literature also revealed several gaps in the research and opportunities for further investigation: specifically, a lack of long-term experiments and mass balance assessments, variable waste composition, and negative public opinion.
An interpretable method for automated classification of spoken transcripts and written text
Authors: Wahde Mattias , Della Vedova Marco L. , Virgolin Marco , Suvanto Minerva 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe investigate the differences between spoken language (in the form of radio show transcripts) and written language (Wikipedia articles) in the context of text classification. We present a novel, interpretable method for text classification, involving a linear classifier using a large set of $$n-$$

n
-

gram features, and apply it to a newly generated data set with sentences originating either from spoken transcripts or written text. Our classifier reaches an accuracy less than 0.02 below that of a commonly used classifier (DistilBERT) based on deep neural networks (DNNs). Moreover, our classifier has an integrated measure of confidence, for assessing the reliability of a given classification. An online tool is provided for demonstrating our classifier, particularly its interpretable nature, which is a crucial feature in classification tasks involving high-stakes decision-making. We also study the capability of DistilBERT to carry out fill-in-the-blank tasks in either spoken or written text, and find it to perform similarly in both cases. Our main conclusion is that, with careful improvements, the performance gap between classical methods and DNN-based methods may be reduced significantly, such that the choice of classification method comes down to the need (if any) for interpretability.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor microenvironment is more suppressive than colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) tumor microenvironment
Authors: Santagata Sara , Rea Giuseppina , Castaldo Daniela , Napolitano Maria , Capiluongo Anna , D’Alterio Crescenzo , Trotta Anna Maria , Ieranò Caterina , Portella Luigi , Di Maro Salvatore , Tatangelo Fabiana , Albino Vittorio , Guarino Rita , Cutolo Carmen , Izzo Francesco , Scala Stefania 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background and purpose
While HCC is an inflammation-associated cancer, CRLM develops on permissive healthy liver microenvironment. To evaluate the immune aspects of these two different environments, peripheral blood-(PB), peritumoral-(PT) and tumoral tissues-(TT) from HCC and CRLM patients were evaluated.

Methods
40 HCC and 34 CRLM were enrolled and freshly TT, PT and PB were collected at the surgery. PB-, PT- and TT-derived CD4+CD25+ Tregs, M/PMN-MDSC and PB-derived CD4+CD25− T-effector cells (Teffs) were isolated and characterized. Tregs’ function was also evaluated in the presence of the CXCR4 inhibitor, peptide-R29, AMD3100 or anti-PD1. RNA was extracted from PB/PT/TT tissues and tested for FOXP3, CXCL12, CXCR4, CCL5, IL-15, CXCL5, Arg-1, N-cad, Vim, CXCL8, TGFβ and VEGF-A expression.

Results
In HCC/CRLM-PB, higher number of functional Tregs, CD4+CD25hiFOXP3+ was detected, although PB-HCC Tregs exert a more suppressive function as compared to CRLM Tregs. In HCC/CRLM-TT, Tregs were highly represented with activated/ENTPD-1+Tregs prevalent in HCC. As compared to CRLM, HCC overexpressed CXCR4 and N-cadherin/vimentin in a contest rich in arginase and CCL5. Monocytic MDSCs were highly represented in HCC/CRLM, while high polymorphonuclear MDSCs were detected only in HCC. Interestingly, the function of CXCR4-PB-Tregs was impaired in HCC/CRLM by the CXCR4 inhibitor R29.

Conclusion
In HCC and CRLM, peripheral blood, peritumoral and tumoral tissues Tregs are highly represented and functional. Nevertheless, HCC displays a more immunosuppressive TME due to Tregs, MDSCs, intrinsic tumor features (CXCR4, CCL5, arginase) and the contest in which it develops. As CXCR4 is overexpressed in HCC/CRLM tumor/TME cells, CXCR4 inhibitors may be considered for double hit therapy in liver cancer patients.
Non-ownership business models in the manufacturing industry: Uncertainty-exploiting versus uncertainty-mitigating designs and the role of context factors
Authors: Bock Maximilian , Wiener Martin , Saunders Carol 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the emergence of the Industrial Internet of Things, a growing number of manufacturing firms has started to adopt non-ownership business models (NOBMs). NOBM providers maintain ownership of offered machinery and sell only the machine use and/or performance as a service to their clients. While the adoption of NOBMs is found to be associated with novel business opportunities related to client-side uncertainties, it is also found to result in a considerable increase in provider-side uncertainties. Drawing on a multiple-case study with three leading manufacturers, we find notable differences in terms of NOBM designs, ranging from a primary focus on exploiting client-side uncertainties to a primary focus on mitigating provider-side uncertainties. Moreover, our study uncovers four context factors that help explain key differences in NOBM designs. In particular, we identify two machine attributes (human dependency and energy efficiency) and two market attributes (average client size and antitrust regulations) that “push” providers toward either uncertainty-exploiting or uncertainty-mitigating NOBM designs. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
The Effectiveness of School-Based Mindfulness and Cognitive Behavioural Programmes to Improve Emotional Regulation in 7–12-Year-Olds: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pickerell Lynn E. , Pennington Kyla , Cartledge Charlotte , Miller Kirsty A. , Curtis Ffion 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Though findings have been mixed, some primary or elementary school-based mindfulness and cognitive behavioural interventions have been shown to improve aspects of emotion regulation. Age is suggested as a potential mediator but previous reviews have not addressed this comprehensively, making evaluation of impact unclear. The current review brought together the evidence surrounding the impact of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) or cognitive behavioural interventions (CBIs) on emotion regulation in children aged between 7 and 12 years.

Method
Databases (British Education Index, Child Development and Adolescent Studies, CINAHL, Education Source, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, SAGE, Web of Science) were searched for published and unpublished randomised controlled trials evaluating the effect of primary school-based MBIs (n = 18) or CBIs (n = 12) on measures of emotional awareness, modulation and expression.

Results
Analysis of the MBIs in this review indicated a significant improvement in emotional awareness, an increase in positive emotions and a reduction in depression. Sub-analyses found an effect of age, duration and universal delivery for MBIs. Analysis of the CBIs indicated significant improvement in child negative expressive behaviours as reported by parents. Risk of bias was low across domains of incomplete outcome data and selective outcome reporting but was unclear in other domains.

Conclusions
Evidence from the MBI studies suggested that universal interventions with a shorter duration had more significant effects, particularly for 10–12-year-old participants. Future research should investigate programme design features and the suitability of content and skill-focus for different age groups, employing qualitative techniques for analysis. This could lead to reconsideration of typical intervention formats for primary school children.

Pre-registration
PROSPERO #CRD42019139283.
A validated targeted assay for environmental DNA detections of the Atlantic wolffish (Anarhichas lupus)
Authors: Chevrinais Marion , Parent Geneviève J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Atlantic wolffish (Anarhichas lupus) was assessed as a species of Special Concern by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) under the Canadian Species-At-Risk Act (SARA) in 2001, and by the National Marine Fisheries Service in USA in 2004. Monitoring of marine Species-At-Risk would rely ideally on non-destructive methods. However, most monitoring of marine fish at-risk rely on trawl surveys that are potentially destructive of the environment. Inferring a species presence using environmental DNA (eDNA) detections offers an attractive alternative for Species-At-Risk monitoring, because it is non-destructive, specific, and sensitive. We developed and optimized a real-time quantitative PCR probe-based (qPCR) detection protocol that targets the eDNA of Atlantic wolffish,A. lupus. The qPCR protocol was validatedin silico,in vitro, andin situ. Species-specificity was assessedin vitroby testing against the two other species ofAnarhichaspresent in the northwest Atlantic. We did not observe DNA amplification for either of these two species. The assay was highly sensitive, with a limit of detection (95% confidence level) of 1.5 DNA copies per qPCR reaction.In situtests showed thatA. lupuseDNA is detected from expected depth strata in areas of known wolffish abundance. This study provides a proof-of-concept experiment that offers a robust, targeted, and non destructive protocol for detection eDNA of the Atlantic wolffish.
A rigid–flexible coupling finite element model of coupler for analyzing train instability behavior during collision
Authors: Zhang Jingke , Zhu Tao , Yang Bing , Wang Xiaorui , Xiao Shoune , Yang Guangwu , Liu Yanwen , Che Quanwei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRail vehicles generate huge longitudinal impact loads in collisions. If unreasonable matching exists between the compressive strength of the intermediate coupler and the structural strength of the car body, the risk of car body structure damage and train derailment will increase. Herein, a four-stage rigid–flexible coupling finite element model of the coupler is established considering the coupler buckling load. The influence of the coupler buckling load on the train longitudinal–vertical–horizontal buckling behavior was studied, and the mechanism of the train horizontal buckling instability in train collisions was revealed. Analysis results show that an intermediate coupler should be designed to ensure that the actual buckling load is less than the compressive load when the car body structure begins to deform plastically. The actual buckling load of the coupler and the asymmetry of the structural strength of the car body in the lateral direction are two important influencing factors for the lateral buckling of a train collision. If the strength of the two sides of the car body structure in the lateral direction is asymmetrical, the deformation on the weaker side will be larger, and the end of the car body will begin to deflect under the action of the coupler force, which in turn causes the train to undergo sawtooth buckling.
Integrating social and ecological considerations in floodplain relocation and restoration programs
Authors: Shi Linda , Sylman Shanasia , Hulet Carri , Brenner Rebecca Morgenstern , Safi Amelia Greiner , Corsi Paul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the United States, most floodplain relocation (or buyout) programs focus on moving homeowners, then deal separately with what happens with the land afterward. These programs typically divide processes for relocation planning, engagement, funding, and implementation from those related to post-buyout land management and restoration. The structural and operational conditions that lead to this separation of roles and responsibilities miss out on opportunities to create more synergistic socio-ecological strategies that may produce healthier outcomes for both people and the environment. In other domains, research shows that healthy people and healthy environments can co-create each other through more virtuous cycles. In this perspective essay, we argue that we can better create such virtuous cycles in floodplain relocation programs by integrally considering social and ecological components. Such efforts can encourage more people to decide to relocate, thereby creating more contiguous places to restore. They can also empower more residents to help steward these sites, an action that in turn helps heal and strengthen flood-affected communities. These arguments, while particular to the United States, have resonance for floodplain management and land use planning worldwide.
Comparison of structural characteristics and molecular markers of rabbit skin, pig skin, and reconstructed human epidermis for an ex vivo human skin model
Authors: Uhm Chanyang , Jeong Haengdueng , Lee Su Hyon , Hwang Jae Sung , Lim Kyung-Min , Nam Ki Taek 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development approved a reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model for in vitro skin irritation and corrosion tests as an alternative to animal testing for cosmetics, which has been banned in the European Union since 2013. However, RHE models have several limitations, such as high manufacturing costs, a loose skin barrier, and inability to simulate all cellular and non-cellular components of the human epidermis. Therefore, new alternative skin models are needed. Ex vivo skin models have been suggested as promising tools. Here, we investigated the structural similarities in the epidermis of pig and rabbit skin, a commercial RHE model (Keraskin), and human skin. To compare the structural similarity, the thickness of each epidermal layer was compared using molecular markers. Among the candidate human skin surrogates, the epidermal thickness of the pig skin was the most similar to that of human skin, followed by rabbit skin and Keraskin. Keraskin showed thicker cornified and granular layers than human skin, while rabbit skin displayed thinner layers. Moreover, the proliferation indices of Keraskin and rabbit skin were higher than those of human skin, whereas the proliferation index of the pig skin was similar to that of human skin. Some or none of the human skin barrier proteins FLG, CLDN1, and CDH1 were expressed in pig and rabbit skin, whereas all human proteins were expressed in Keraskin. Collectively, we propose ex vivo pig skin as the most suitable model for skin irritation testing because of its similarity to human skin.
Initial search for low grade clay in Pakistan for producing LC3 ecofriendly cement
Authors: Hussain Syed Muhammad Fahad , Sheikh Muhammad Danyal , Jamil Tariq , Khan Asad-ur-Rehman , Ayub Tehmina , Hu Chuanlin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIndustrialization has though brought comfort to our daily lives, but it has placed a lot of pressure on the planet’s natural resources, subsequently, it has adversely affected the environment. As the need for cement in the construction sector has grown, it has climbed dramatically globally. Around the world, more than 10 billion cubic meters of concrete are produced each year; it is doubtful that this volume will decrease. A significant expected rise in CO2 emissions is caused by increased cement demand. According to the UN Environment Program, buildings are responsible for up to 41% of global anthropogenic carbon emissions. The primary source of greenhouse gases utilized in the manufacturing of cement is clinker. Due to the unsustainable supply of fly ash, calcined clay appears to be a better Supplemental Cementitious Material (SCMs). Kaolin clay is widely available in Pakistan. The purpose of this investigation is to describe the mineral and thermal characteristics of Pakistani clays by examining their geographic distribution. Clay samples were gathered from 39 different places throughout Pakistan during a field investigation program. X-ray diffraction, X-ray Fluorescence, Reactivity, and thermogravimetric analyses were used to analyze the clay samples’ mineral content and thermal characteristics. This study demonstrates that Pakistan has a substantial amount of kaolin clay reserves close to existing groups of cement plants. Pakistani clays can be utilized as SCM in the production of limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) due to the country’s vast kaolin clay reserves. This study further supports the viability of producing LC3 in the nation by providing a thorough analysis of the cement business, known deposits of qualifying clay, and the country’s cement production process.
On sets with unit Hausdorff density in homogeneous groups
Authors: Julia Antoine , Merlo Andrea 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
It is a longstanding conjecture that given a subset E of a metric space, if E has unit

$\mathscr {H}^{\alpha }\llcorner E$

-density almost everywhere, then E is an

$\alpha $

-rectifiable set. We prove this conjecture under the assumption that the ambient metric space is a homogeneous group with a smooth-box norm.
From American to Cisse: Sufism and the remaking of diasporic ties across the Atlantic
Authors: Rahman Samiha 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSince the 1980s, hundreds of predominantly working-class African-American Muslims have travelled or relocated to the rural yet renowned city of Medina Baye, Senegal. They were invited there by Shaykh Hassan Cisse, a Senegalese Islamic scholar and leader in the Tijani tariqa (Sufi order). This article focuses on the experiences of African-American and fellow diaspora Black Muslims living and learning with African Muslims in the Tijani hub of Medina Baye. It interrogates the assumptions, expectations and misunderstandings that characterize relationships between the two groups. I argue that, as members of the Tijani tariqa, diaspora Black disciples become integrated within the local system of collective care modelled by African disciples. Complicating analyses of African–diasporic exchanges that tend to differentiate and hierarchize the interconnected economic hardships facing diaspora Black and continental African communities, I argue that the relationship between these groups illustrates the role of Shaykh Ibrahim Niasse’s branch of the Tijani tariqa as a counterhegemonic social movement offering new paradigms of social and economic reciprocity that enable Black Muslims on both sides of the Atlantic to mitigate the contemporary impacts of racial capitalism and global apartheid.
Initiative to increase family presence and participation in daily rounds on a paediatric acute care cardiology unit
Authors: Gal Dana B. , Pater Colleen M. , McGinty Mackenzie , Lobes Greta , Tuemler Christy , Eldridge Paula M. , Frakes Brittany , Marcuccio Elisa , Hanke Samuel P. , Gaies Michael G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroduction:Family-centred rounds benefit families and clinicians and improve outcomes in general paediatrics, but are understudied in subspecialty settings. We sought to improve family presence and participation in rounds in a paediatric acute care cardiology unit.Methods:We created operational definitions for family presence, our process measure, and participation, our outcome measure, and gathered baseline data over 4 months of 2021. Our SMART aim was to increase mean family presence from 43 to 75% and mean family participation from 81 to 90% by 30 May, 2022. We tested interventions with iterative plan-do-study-act cycles between 6 January, 2022 and 20 May, 2022, including provider education, calling families not at bedside, and adjustment to rounding presentations. We visualised change over time relative to interventions with statistical control charts. We conducted a high census days subanalysis. Length of stay and time of transfer from the ICU served as balancing measures.Results:Mean presence increased from 43 to 83%, demonstrating special cause variation twice. Mean participation increased from 81 to 96%, demonstrating special cause variation once. Mean presence and participation were lower during high census (61 and 93% at project end) but improved with special cause variation. Length of stay and time of transfer remained stable.Conclusions:Through our interventions, family presence and participation in rounds improved without apparent unintended consequences. Family presence and participation may improve family and staff experience and outcomes; future research is warranted to evaluate this. Development of high level of reliability interventions may further improve family presence and participation, particularly on high census days.
Seismological Stress Drops for Confined Ruptures Are Invariant to Normal Stress
Authors: Steinhardt Will , Dillavou Sam , Agajanian Mary , Rubinstein Shmuel M. , Brodsky Emily E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSeismic moment and rupture length can be combined to infer stress drop, a key parameter for assessing earthquakes. In natural earthquakes, stress drops are largely depth‐independent, which is surprising given the expected dependence of frictional stress on normal stresses and hence overburden. We have developed a transparent experimental fault that allows direct observation of thousands of slip events, with ruptures that are fully contained within the fault. Surprisingly, the observed stress drops are largely independent of both the magnitude of normal stress and its heterogeneity, capturing the independence seen in nature. However, we observe larger, normal stress‐dependent stress drops when the fault area is reduced, which allows slip events to frequently reach the edge of the interface. We conclude that confined ruptures have normal stress independent stress drops, and thus the depth‐independent stress drops of tectonic earthquakes may be a consequence of their confined nature.
Reconsidering the Relationship Between Gulf Stream Transport and Dynamic Sea Level at U.S. East Coast
Authors: Chi Lequan , Wolfe Christopher L. P. , Hameed Sultan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe relationship between Gulf Stream (GS) transport and coastal sea level is investigated using monthly GS transport between 1993 and 2019 at Florida Straits and 10 altimeter tracks. The results show that GS transport decorrelates quickly along its path, indicating it is misleading to assume that transport at a particular location represents strength of the GS as a whole. GS transport south of Cape Hatteras is significantly correlated with coastal sea level in South Atlantic Bight from both altimetry and tide gauges. North of Cape Hatteras, sea level changes associated with GS transport decay rapidly away from GS on the onshore side and become negligible approximately 300 km northwest of GS axis. In this region, the correlations between GS transport and sea level are primarily in the deep ocean and rarely on the shelf, indicating that coastal sea level is unlikely to be driven by geostrophic adjustment to changes in GS transport.