bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When should grocery stores adopt time‐based pricing? Impact of competition and negative congestion externality
Authors: Tang Christopher S. , Yoo Onesun Steve , Zhan Dongyuan 
Published: April 2023

Consumers dread shopping during peak hours, and the Covid‐19 pandemic has created additional safety concerns about overcrowding in addition to long waiting times. In view of consumer's congestion aversion, should competitive brick‐and‐mortar grocery stores charge higher prices during congested peak hours to smooth demand? To examine “whether and when” stores should adopt intraday time‐based pricing under competition, we examine a 2‐stage dynamic duopoly game. At the beginning of each stage, each store can make an irreversible decision to adopt time‐based pricing by setting the peak‐hour and normal‐hour prices. We also endogenize consumer's shopping decisions (i.e., when and which store to shop) by incorporating the issue of negative congestion externality. Our equilibrium analysis reveals that time‐based pricing is always beneficial for the stores, and both stores would adopt it eventually in equilibrium. As such, only two equilibria can sustain: either both firms adopt time‐based pricing immediately in stage 1, or only one firm adopts in stage 1 while the other postpones its adoption until stage 2. Interestingly, due to the competitive dynamics, it is less likely for both firms to adopt immediately when consumers are more averse to congestion. Moreover, although the adoption of time‐based pricing leads to differentiated price competition, it can “soften” price competition, causing both peak‐hour and normal‐hour prices to rise above the status quo equilibrium uniform prices. We find that time‐based pricing can always induce demand smoothing and reduce congestion. Although time‐based pricing creates value for the stores (through higher prices), it offers no benefit to consumers.
Prediction of moment‐by‐moment heart rate and skin conductance changes in the context of varying emotional arousal
Authors: Shehu Harisu Abdullahi , Oxner Matt , Browne Will N. , Eisenbarth Hedwig 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAutonomic nervous system (ANS) responses such as heart rate (HR) and galvanic skin responses (GSR) have been linked with cerebral activity in the context of emotion. Although much work has focused on the summative effect of emotions on ANS responses, their interaction in a continuously changing context is less clear. Here, we used a multimodal data set of human affective states, which includes electroencephalogram (EEG) and peripheral physiological signals of participants' moment‐by‐moment reactions to emotional provoking video clips and modeled HR and GSR changes using machine learning techniques, specifically, long short‐term memory (LSTM), decision tree (DT), and linear regression (LR). We found that LSTM achieved a significantly lower error rate compared with DT and LR due to its inherent ability to handle sequential data. Importantly, the prediction error was significantly reduced for DT and LR when used together with particle swarm optimization to select relevant/important features for these algorithms. Unlike summative analysis, and contrary to expectations, we found a significantly lower error rate when the prediction was made across different participants than within a participant. Moreover, the predictive selected features suggest that the patterns predictive of HR and GSR were substantially different across electrode sites and frequency bands. Overall, these results indicate that specific patterns of cerebral activity track autonomic body responses. Although individual cerebral differences are important, they might not be the only factors influencing the moment‐by‐moment changes in ANS responses.
Disease prevention and mitigation in US finfish aquaculture: A review of current approaches and new strategies
Authors: Wright Alex , Li Xunde , Yang Xiang , Soto Esteban , Gross Jackson 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the United States, the aquaculture industry has not seen the same levels of growth in production as other countries—made evident by the $17 billion seafood trade deficit estimated in 2020. Nevertheless, aquaculture remains an important industry fully capable of supplementing the domestic seafood supply and reducing the US seafood trade deficit. Infectious diseases is one of several factors that threatens the capability and sustainability of the aquaculture industry, highlighting the importance of effective control strategies for these pathogens. Antimicrobial products are often used to control and eliminate undesirable microbes in effort to prevent or mitigate the impacts of infectious diseases. Some pathogens are capable of adapting to and resisting the antimicrobial effects, escalating the challenges associated with disease management in aquaculture. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now recognised by numerous national and international agencies as a top global health concern and is problematic for US aquaculture. Currently, disease prevention and mitigation strategies utilised by US finfish aquaculture can be broken down into three levels; comprehensive protocols (biosecurity, disease response), good husbandry strategies (stress management, proper diet, optimal environment) and effective antimicrobial products (biocides, therapeutics). This review will discuss how each level contributes differently to the overall protection of fish from pathogens. In the era of AMR, this review will also highlight current and emerging alternative strategies that do not rely on traditional antimicrobial products (e.g., vaccines, dietary supplements, novel antimicrobial, stock selection) for disease prevention and mitigation.
Traveling AI‐essentialism and national AI strategies: A comparison between South Korea and France
Authors: Kim Jongheon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, I investigate what common discourses National AI Strategies (NAISs) share and how they have unfolded differently in diverging national contexts. For this purpose, I compare the South Korean and French cases by relying on the notions of sociotechnical imaginary and future essentialism. I analyze (1) the emergence of the common discourses, which I call AI‐essentialism, over the past decade; (2) the development of imaginaries around IT in Korea and France in the twentieth century, namely technological developmentalism and the American challenge, respectively; and (3) the integration of the traveling AI‐essentialism and nationally embedded imaginaries of IT into each country's NAISs. The analysis indicates that: (1) AI‐essentialism incorporated discursive strategies, enabling political and industrial leaders to naturalize AI development, hence justifying increased investments in the field; (2) two countries' imaginaries of IT diverged due to the successes and failures throughout the second half of the twentieth century; and (3) while two countries' NAISs share AI‐essentialism's discursive instruments, their specific measures and unfolding have varied in relation to each case's existing imaginaries of IT.
Why Is Mother Earth on Life Support? Metaphors in Environmental Discourse
Authors: Flusberg Stephen J. , Thibodeau Paul H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFrommothernature and carbonfootprintstogreenhousegasses and theraceagainst global warming, popular discourse on environmental issues is saturated with metaphor. Some people view these metaphors as obfuscating or ineffective, while others believe they are crucial for improving climate communications and environmental attitudes. In this paper, we provide a systematic overview and evaluation of the use of English metaphors in Anglo environmental discourse, drawing on a range of empirical and popular media sources. We begin by discussing the role of metaphor in language in thought. Next, we introduce a range of metaphors used to frame discussions of (1) our relationship to nature (e.g., the earth is ourcommon home), (2) our impact on the environment (e.g., we areknockingthe climateoff balance), and (3) how we should address this impact (e.g.,reduceour ecologicalfootprint). We classify these metaphors along several dimensions, including how conventional they are, how systemic they are, how emotionally impactful they are, and how aptly they capture the topics they are used to describe. From this analysis, we derive several promising candidate metaphors that may help increase public understanding and engagement with environmental issues. However, we note that such claims must be tested empirically in future research; currently, there are few large, systematic, replicable experiments in the literature assessing the impact of environmental metaphors. We conclude by offering general recommendations for using metaphors in communications about climate change and sustainability.
Patient specific, synthetic, partial unipolar resurfacing of a large talar osteochondritis dissecans lesion in a dog
Authors: Schmierer Philipp A. , Böttcher Peter 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the application and early outcome of a custom‐made unipolar partial tarsal replacement in a dog with an extensive medial talar ridge OCD.AnimalA 7‐month‐old, 25 kg male Rhodesian Ridgeback with progressive left hindlimb lameness (grade III–IV/IV) and diagnosis of talar OCD.MethodsThe dog presented with progressive lameness attributed to extensive medial talar ridge OCD. Due to the severity of the lesion, a resurfacing procedure was chosen. Based on CT data, a bi‐layered resurfacing implant consisting of a titanium socket and a polycarbonate urethane bearing surface was constructed. For intraoperative guidance, a set of matching drill guides were 3D‐printed, along with some models of the affected talus, to allow for dry‐lab training. Surgical implantation using a medial malleolar osteotomy to approach the lesion was without complications. Orthopedic follow‐up examinations were conducted at 10 days, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months. Radiographic examinations were included at the 6‐week, 6‐month, and 12‐month follow‐ups.ResultsFunction improved considerably during the follow‐up period with a lameness grade of 0‐I/IV at the 12‐month follow‐up. ROM differed by 15° in flexion compared to the contralateral side, while there was no difference in extension. Moderate periarticular fibrosis was present at 12 months. Implant positioning was unchanged at follow‐up‐radiographic examination and there was only mild progression of osteoarthritis (OA).ConclusionPatient specific instrumentation ‐ guided tarsal OCD resurfacing with a synthetic patient‐specific implant may be an effective treatment option.
A Formula of Solutions for Non-Autonomous Linear Difference Equations With a Fractional Forward Operator
Authors: Dassios Ioannis , Tzounas Georgios , Milano Federico 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this article, we define a fractional forward discrete operator. Then, for a family of linear nonautonomous fractional difference equations constructed by using this fractional discrete operator, we provide a practical formula of solutions. This family of problems covers several linear fractional difference equations that appear in the literature. Numerical examples are given to justify our theory.
Identification of Asymmetric Bouc–Wen Hysteresis Under Intense Noise by Only Measuring Acceleration
Authors: Liu Qinghua , Cao Junyi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Parameter identification of hysteretic models is significant for predicting structural dynamic response in vibration isolation structures. However, quasi-static testing and displacement measurement methods are not convenient for assembly structures and sensor layouts. Moreover, the methods based on evolutionary optimization need to provide appropriate boundary conditions for convergence and efficiency. Therefore, a novel hybrid identification method that takes the advantage of physics-informed parameter constraints and only acceleration measurement is proposed to identify the asymmetric Bouc–Wen hysteresis model. The restoring force surface is constructed for hysteretic force extraction based on the measurement of base excitation and isolated mass acceleration. The polynomial fitting and limit cycle approach are utilized for physical information given of an improved Bouc–Wen model. Furthermore, the evolutionary algorithm based on parameter constraints is implemented for final parameter estimation. A numerical simulation of an asymmetric Bouc–Wen model shows that the proposed method can keep an normalized mean square error (NMSE) of 0.19% under the noise level of 30 dB. The reconstructed hysteresis loop keeps in good agreement with the theoretical one.
Diagnosis and management of bipolar disorders
Authors: Goes Fernando S 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Bipolar disorders (BDs) are recurrent and sometimes chronic disorders of mood that affect around 2% of the world’s population and encompass a spectrum between severe elevated and excitable mood states (mania) to the dysphoria, low energy, and despondency of depressive episodes. The illness commonly starts in young adults and is a leading cause of disability and premature mortality. The clinical manifestations of bipolar disorder can be markedly varied between and within individuals across their lifespan. Early diagnosis is challenging and misdiagnoses are frequent, potentially resulting in missed early intervention and increasing the risk of iatrogenic harm. Over 15 approved treatments exist for the various phases of bipolar disorder, but outcomes are often suboptimal owing to insufficient efficacy, side effects, or lack of availability. Lithium, the first approved treatment for bipolar disorder, continues to be the most effective drug overall, although full remission is only seen in a subset of patients. Newer atypical antipsychotics are increasingly being found to be effective in the treatment of bipolar depression; however, their long term tolerability and safety are uncertain. For many with bipolar disorder, combination therapy and adjunctive psychotherapy might be necessary to treat symptoms across different phases of illness. Several classes of medications exist for treating bipolar disorder but predicting which medication is likely to be most effective or tolerable is not yet possible. As pathophysiological insights into the causes of bipolar disorders are revealed, a new era of targeted treatments aimed at causal mechanisms, be they pharmacological or psychosocial, will hopefully be developed. For the time being, however, clinical judgment, shared decision making, and empirical follow-up remain essential elements of clinical care. This review provides an overview of the clinical features, diagnostic subtypes, and major treatment modalities available to treat people with bipolar disorder, highlighting recent advances and ongoing therapeutic challenges.
Impact of work schedules of senior resident physicians on patient and resident physician safety: nationwide, prospective cohort study
Authors: Barger Laura K , Weaver Matthew D , Sullivan Jason P , Qadri Salim , Landrigan Christopher P , Czeisler Charles A 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo determine whether long weekly work hours and shifts of extended duration (≥24 hours) are associated with adverse patient and physician safety outcomes in more senior resident physicians (postgraduate year 2 and above; PGY2+).DesignNationwide, prospective cohort study.SettingUnited States, conducted over eight academic years (2002-07, 2014-17).Participants4826 PGY2+ resident physicians who completed 38 702 monthly web based reports of their work hours and patient and resident safety outcomes.Main outcome measuresPatient safety outcomes included medical errors, preventable adverse events, and fatal preventable adverse events. Resident physician health and safety outcomes included motor vehicle crashes, near miss crashes, occupational exposures to potentially contaminated blood or other bodily fluids, percutaneous injuries, and attentional failures. Data were analysed with mixed effects regression models that accounted for dependence of repeated measures and controlled for potential confounders.ResultsWorking more than 48 hours per week was associated with an increased risk of self-reported medical errors, preventable adverse events, and fatal preventable adverse events as well as near miss crashes, occupational exposures, percutaneous injuries, and attentional failures (all P<0.001). Working between 60 and 70 hours per week was associated with a more than twice the risk of a medical error (odds ratio 2.36, 95% confidence interval 2.01 to 2.78) and almost three times the risk of preventable adverse events (2.93, 2.04 to 4.23) and fatal preventable adverse events (2.75, 1.23 to 6.12). Working one or more shifts of extended duration in a month while averaging no more than 80 weekly work hours was associated with an 84% increased risk of medical errors (1.84, 1.66 to 2.03), a 51% increased risk of preventable adverse events (1.51, 1.20 to 1.90), and an 85% increased risk of fatal preventable adverse events (1.85, 1.05 to 3.26). Similarly, working one or more shifts of extended duration in a month while averaging no more than 80 weekly work hours also increased the risk of near miss crashes (1.47, 1.32 to 1.63) and occupational exposures (1.17, 1.02 to 1.33).ConclusionsThese results indicate that exceeding 48 weekly work hours or working shifts of extended duration endangers even experienced (ie, PGY2+) resident physicians and their patients. These data suggest that regulatory bodies in the US and elsewhere should consider lowering weekly work hour limits, as the European Union has done, and eliminating shifts of extended duration to protect the more than 150 000 physicians training in the US and their patients.
Effects of plant-biochar interaction on the performance of a landfill cover system: field monitoring and numerical modelling
Authors: Ng Charles Wang Wai , Guo Haowen , Ni Junjun , Zhang Qi , Chen Rui , Zhang Yanmin 
Published: April 2023

Biochar has been used as a sustainable amendment to moderate the risks of climate change to plant and soil management. A 3-year field monitoring was conducted at Shenzhen Xiaping landfill to evaluate the performance of a three-layer landfill cover using plant and biochar. Coarse-grained completely decomposed granites (CDG) amended with peanut shell biochar at 0%, 5% and 10% (m3/m3) were used for the top layers of three grass plots (10 m×5 m each), respectively. Coarse recycled concrete and fine-grained CDG were used for the middle and bottom layers of all plots. Numerical simulation was conducted to back analyse the monitored results. The results show that the grassed cover with biochar can retain over four times higher negative pore-water pressure than that without biochar. During the monitoring, over 62% of total rainfall was evapotranspirated from biochar amended covers, which was 10% larger than the cover without biochar. With biochar amendments, the infiltration amount was reduced by 13%, but water storage was improved by up to 15%. The measured and computed percolation of the grassed covers with 0%, 5% and 10% biochar meet the recommended criterion by USEPA. It is recommended that 5% biochar content is sufficient to minimise water percolation.
Three-loop QCD matching of the flavor-changing scalar current involving the heavy charm and bottom quark
Authors: Tao Wei , Zhu Ruilin , Xiao Zhen-Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe compute the matching coefficient between the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and the non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) for the flavor-changing scalar current involving the heavy charm and bottom quark, up to the three-loop order within the NRQCD factorization. For the first time, we obtain the analytical expressions for the three-loop renormalization constant $$\tilde{Z}_s(x,R_f)$$

Z
~

s

(
x
,

R
f

)

and the corresponding anomalous dimension $$\tilde{\gamma }_s(x,R_f)$$

γ
~

s

(
x
,

R
f

)

for the NRQCD scalar current with the two heavy bottom and charm quark. We present the precise numerical results for those relevant coefficients $$(C_{FF}(x_0), \ldots , C_{FBB}(x_0))$$

(

C

FF

(

x
0

)

,
…
,

C

FBB

(

x
0

)

)

with an accuracy of about thirty digits. The three-loop QCD correction turns out to be significantly large. The obtained matching coefficient $$C_s(\mu _f,\mu ,m_b,m_c)$$

C
s

(

μ
f

,
μ
,

m
b

,

m
c

)

is helpful to analyze the threshold behaviours when two different heavy quarks are close to each other and form the double heavy $$B_c$$

B
c

meson family.
Small Non-Coding RNAs in Soft-Tissue Sarcomas: State of the Art and Future Directions
Authors: La Ferlita Alessandro , Sp Nipin , Goryunova Marina , Nigita Giovanni , Pollock Raphael E. , Croce Carlo M. , Beane Joal D. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare and heterogeneous group of tumors that arise from connective tissue and can occur anywhere in the body. Among the plethora of over 50 different STS types, liposarcoma (LPS) is one of the most common. The subtypes of STS are characterized by distinct differences in tumor biology that drive responses to pharmacologic therapy and disparate oncologic outcomes. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNA) are a heterogeneous class of regulatory RNAs involved in the regulation of gene expression by targeting mRNAs. Among the several types of sncRNAs, miRNAs and tRNA-derived ncRNAs are the most studied in the context of tumor biology, and we are learning more about the role of these molecules as important regulators of STS tumorigenesis and differentiation. However, challenges remain in translating these findings and no biomarkers or therapeutic approaches targeting sncRNAs have been developed for clinical use. In this review, we summarize the current landscape of sncRNAs in the context of STS with an emphasis on LPS, including the role of sncRNAs in the tumorigenesis and differentiation of these rare malignancies and their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Finally, we provide an appraisal of published studies and outline future directions to study sncRNAs in STS, including tRNA-derived ncRNAs.
Adenosine-ADORA2A Promotes Ang-Induced Angiogenesis in Intrauterine Growth Restriction Placenta via the Stat3/Akt Pathway
Authors: Wu Zifang , Xiang Quanhang , Feng Li , Wu Deyuan , Huang Shuangbo , Zhang Longmiao , Rao Sujuan , Luo Jinxi , Xiong Wenyu , Deng Jinping , Zhou Kai , Yin Yulong , Shi Wei , Tan Chengquan 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Abnormal placental angiogenesis is an important cause of fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), but its underlying mechanisms and therapies remain unclear. Adenosine and its mediated signaling has been reported to be associated with the development of angiogenesis. However, whether the adenosine-related signaling plays a role in modulating angiogenesis in placenta and the IUGR pregnancy outcomes remains unclear.

Methods:
The angiogenesis and adenosine signaling expressions in normal and IUGR placentas were detected in different species. And the role of adenosine in regulating IUGR pregnancy outcomes was evaluated using diet-induced IUGR mouse model. Molecular mechanisms underlying adenosine-induced angiogenesis were investigated by in vitro angiogenesis assays and in vivo Matrigel plug assays.

Results:
Here, we demonstrated poor angiogenesis and low adenosine concentration and downregulated expression of its receptor A2a (ADORA2A [adenosine A2a receptor]) in IUGR placenta. Additionally, the beneficial effects of adenosine in improving IUGR pregnancy outcomes were revealed in a diet-induced IUGR mouse model. Moreover, adenosine was found to effectively improve adenosine signaling and angiogenesis in IUGR mice placenta. Mechanistically, by using angiogenesis assays in vitro and in vivo, adenosine was shown to activate ADORA2A to promote the phosphorylation of Stat3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and Akt (protein kinase B), resulting in increased Ang (angiogenin)-dependent angiogenesis.

Conclusions:
Collectively, this study uncovers an unexpected mechanism of promoting placental angiogenesis by adenosine-ADORA2A signaling and advances the translation of this signaling as a prognostic indicator and therapeutic target in IUGR treatment.