bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diverse but unique astrocytic phenotypes during embryonic stem cell differentiation, culturing and development
Authors: Freitag Kiara , Eede Pascale , Ivanov Andranik , Sterczyk Nele , Schneeberger Shirin , Borodina Tatiana , Sauer Sascha , Beule Dieter , Heppner Frank L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAstrocytes are resident glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that play complex and heterogeneous roles in brain development, homeostasis and disease. Since their vast involvement in health and disease is becoming increasingly recognized, suitable and reliable tools for studying these cells in vivo and in vitro are of utmost importance. One of the key challenges hereby is to adequately mimic their context-dependent in vivo phenotypes and functions in vitro. To better understand the spectrum of astrocytic variations in defined settings we performed a side-by-side-comparison of murine embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived astrocytes as well as primary neonatal and adult astrocytes, revealing major differences on a functional and transcriptomic level, specifically on proliferation, migration, calcium signaling and cilium activity. Our results highlight the need to carefully consider the choice of astrocyte origin and phenotype with respect to age, isolation and culture protocols based on the respective biological question.
Global patterns of tree density are contingent upon local determinants in the world’s natural forests
Authors: Madrigal-González Jaime , Calatayud Joaquín , Ballesteros-Cánovas Juan A. , Escudero Adrián , Cayuela Luis , Marqués Laura , Rueda Marta , Ruiz-Benito Paloma , Herrero Asier , Aponte Cristina , Sagardia Rodrigo , Plumptre Andrew J. , Dupire Sylvain , Espinosa Carlos I. , Tutubalina Olga V. , Myint Moe , Pataro Luciano , López-Sáez Jerome , Macía Manuel J. , Abegg Meinrad , Zavala Miguel A. , Quesada-Román Adolfo , Vega-Araya Mauricio , Golubeva Elena , Timokhina Yuliya , Bañares de Dios Guillermo , Granzow-de la Cerda Íñigo , Stoffel Markus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrevious attempts to quantify tree abundance at global scale have largely neglected the role of local competition in modulating the influence of climate and soils on tree density. Here, we evaluated whether mean tree size in the world’s natural forests alters the effect of global productivity on tree density. In doing so, we gathered a vast set of forest inventories including >3000 sampling plots from 23 well-conserved areas worldwide to encompass (as much as possible) the main forest biomes on Earth. We evidence that latitudinal productivity patterns of tree density become evident as large trees become dominant. Global estimates of tree abundance should, therefore, consider dependencies of latitudinal sources of variability on local biotic influences to avoid underestimating the number of trees on Earth and to properly evaluate the functional and social consequences.
Transferring chemical and energetic knowledge between molecular systems with machine learning
Authors: Heydari Sajjad , Raniolo Stefano , Livi Lorenzo , Limongelli Vittorio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPredicting structural and energetic properties of a molecular system is one of the fundamental tasks in molecular simulations, and it has applications in chemistry, biology, and medicine. In the past decade, the advent of machine learning algorithms had an impact on molecular simulations for various tasks, including property prediction of atomistic systems. In this paper, we propose a novel methodology for transferring knowledge obtained from simple molecular systems to a more complex one, endowed with a significantly larger number of atoms and degrees of freedom. In particular, we focus on the classification of high and low free-energy conformations. Our approach relies on utilizing (i) a novel hypergraph representation of molecules, encoding all relevant information for characterizing multi-atom interactions for a given conformation, and (ii) novel message passing and pooling layers for processing and making free-energy predictions on such hypergraph-structured data. Despite the complexity of the problem, our results show a remarkable Area Under the Curve of 0.92 for transfer learning from tri-alanine to the deca-alanine system. Moreover, we show that the same transfer learning approach can also be used in an unsupervised way to group chemically related secondary structures of deca-alanine in clusters having similar free-energy values. Our study represents a proof of concept that reliable transfer learning models for molecular systems can be designed, paving the way to unexplored routes in prediction of structural and energetic properties of biologically relevant systems.
The Effects of Speech Task on Lexical Stress in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Exner Andrew H. , Francis Alexander L. , MacPherson Megan K. , Darling-White Meghan , Huber Jessica E. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
Hypokinetic dysarthria associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by dysprosody, yet the literature is mixed with respect to how dysprosody affects the ability to mark lexical stress, possibly due to differences in speech tasks used to assess lexical stress. The purpose of this study was to compare how people with and without PD modulate acoustic dimensions of lexical stress—fundamental frequency, intensity, and duration—to mark lexical stress across three different speech tasks.

Method:
Twelve individuals with mild-to-moderate idiopathic PD and 12 age- and sex-matched older adult controls completed three speech tasks: picture description, word production in isolation, and word production in lists. Outcome measures were the fundamental frequency, intensity, and duration of the vocalic segments of two trochees (initial stress) and two iambs (final stress) spoken in all three tasks.

Results:
There were very few group differences. Both groups marked trochees by modulating intensity and fundamental frequency and iambs by modulating duration. Task had a significant impact on the stress patterns used by both groups. Stress patterns were most differentiated in words produced in isolation and least differentiated in lists of words.

Conclusions:
People with PD did not demonstrate impairments in the production of lexical stress, suggesting that dysprosody associated with PD does not impact all types of prosody in the same way. However, there were reduced distinctions in stress marking that were more apparent in trochees than iambs. In addition, the task used to assess prosody has a significant effect on all acoustic measures. Future research should focus on the use of connected speech tasks to obtain more generalizable measures of prosody in PD.
Feature extraction of arc high impedance grounding fault of low‐voltage distribution lines based on Bayesian network optimisation algorithm
Authors: Sun Jing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn order to accurately extract the fault features of arc high impedance grounding of low‐voltage distribution lines and judge the fault feature types of arc high impedance grounding of low‐voltage distribution lines, a fault feature extraction method for arc high impedance grounding of low‐voltage distribution lines based on Bayesian network optimisation algorithm is proposed. According to the model of arc high impedance grounding fault based on Thomson’s principle, the parameter information of each transmission signal in arc high impedance grounding fault is extracted. Through the denoising method of arc high impedance grounding signal based on combined filter, the noise information of transmission signal in case of arc high impedance grounding fault is removed and the signal purity is improved. The detection and recognition method for fault characteristics of arc high impedance grounding of low‐voltage distribution lines based on Bayesian network optimisation algorithm is used to detect and judge the fault characteristics of the abnormal characteristics of the denoised transmission signal, and complete the fault feature extraction. After testing, this method can accurately and real‐time extract the fault characteristics of arc high impedance grounding of low‐voltage distribution lines, and has application value.
Retracted: Neural network economic forecast method based on genetic algorithm
Authors: Li Zhong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRetraction: [Zhong Li, Neural network economic forecast method based on genetic algorithm, IET Software 2023 (https://doi.org/10.1049/sfw2.12090)].The above article from IET Software, published online on 12 January 2023 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the Editor‐in‐Chief, Hana Chockler, the Institution of Engineering and Technology (the IET) and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. This article was published as part of a Guest Edited special issue. Following an investigation, the IET and the journal have determined that the article was not reviewed in line with the journal’s peer review standards and there is evidence that the peer review process of the special issue underwent systematic manipulation. Accordingly, we cannot vouch for the integrity or reliability of the content. As such we have taken the decision to retract the article. The authors have been informed of the decision to retract.
New Role of Leadership in AI Era: Educational Sector
Authors: Milton Jeyarani , Al-Busaidi Arwa 
Published: January 2023

Background:Educators are required to adapt and adopt digital technologies, methodologies, and mindsets as Higher Education sector becomes more competitive. Digital transformation is essential to be successful in new digital world. AI is the main component in the digital world specially in Digital transformation. Artificial Intelligence yields tremendous opportunities not only in teaching & learning but also in leadership. Leaders in Educational sectors are expected to be more prepared, adaptable, updated and aligned with the new technologies. This article attempts to analyse how the Role of Leadership is going to change with the inclusion of Artificial Intelligence. Aim: The main aim of this research article is to answer the following key questions.How is the Role of Leadership going to change with use of AI?What will be new set of competencies required by leaders in coming future?Does AI replace the Human role in leadership?Research Methodology:External Desk Research methodology is used here as the data is based on the material published in reports and similar documents that are available in public libraries, websites, data obtained from surveys already carried out, etc.Findings:Artificial Intelligence (AI) have changed the role of leadership in the aspect of IQ and EQ. The use of robust data analytics grounded in AI and machine learning techniques reveal new insights for educational applications. Hence the leaders of digital era in Educational Sectors should have Hard skills like cloud computing and Data flow to manage new technologies and soft skills to manage team as a package to lead the Higher Education to the top level.
Gaining Mesenteric Length following Colorectal Resection: Essential Maneuvers to Avoid Anastomotic Tension
Authors: Vargas Herschel David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA surgeon must possess the knowledge and technical skill to obtain length following a left-sided colorectal resection to perform a tension free anastomosis. The distal target organ – either rectum or anus – is fixed in location, and therefore requires surgeons to acquire mastery of proximal mobilization of the colonic conduit. Generally, splenic flexure mobilization (SFM) provides adequate length. Surgeons benefit from clearer understanding of the multiple steps involved in SFM as a result of improved visualization and demonstration of the relevant anatomy – adjacent organs and the attachments, embryologic planes, and mesenteric structures. Much may be attributed to laparoscopic and robotic platforms which provided improved exposure and as a result, development or refinement of novel approaches for SFM with potential advantages. Complete mobilization draws upon the sum or combination of the varied approaches to accomplish the goal. However, in the situation where extended resection is necessary or in the case of re-operative surgery sacrificing either more proximal or distal large intestine often occurs, the transverse colon or even the ascending colon represents the proximal conduit for anastomosis. This challenging situation requires familiarity with special maneuvers to achieve colorectal or coloanal anastomosis using these more proximal conduits. In such instances, operative techniques such as either ileal mesenteric window with retroileal anastomosis or de-rotation of the right colon (Deloyer's procedure) enable the intestinal surgeon to construct such anastomoses and thereby avoid stoma creation or loss of additional large intestine.
Knowledge and Competency of First Aids and Basic Life Support (BLS) Skills in Speech and Hearing Students
Authors: Bhatarai Prabuddha , Lokwani Prateek , Bhattarai Biraj , Paudel Dilli Raj , Sharma Aashish , Prabhu Prashanth 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to analyze speech and hearing students' knowledge, awareness, and attitude regarding first aid and basic life support (BLS).
Methods A descriptive cross-sectional survey study was performed through a web-based questionnaire regarding knowledge of first aid and BLS skills, experience, and views about training on these skills among speech and hearing students.
Results Four-hundred forty-two students from 26 different speech and hearing colleges participated in the study. About 88.23% of participants reported the necessity of knowledge about BLS skills and first aids. Fifty-five percent of participants encountered at least one emergency during their training. There is significant difference between awareness and confidence in performing these skills (Mann–Whitney U test= 76.5; /z/= −2.39; p = 0.019; effect size = 0.27). Most of the students (92.5%) reported not being trained to perform first aid and BLS skills and seek inclusion of these skills in their academic curriculum.
Conclusions Overall confidence in first aid skills is less in the students of speech and hearing when compared with the awareness level. Hence, formal training of first aid and BLS should be introduced into the curriculum to provide students with sound knowledge and practical skills and help them boost their confidence.
Rare Intra-Aortic Migration of Temporary Epicardial Pacing Wire
Authors: Sharma Arun , Arya Shivali , Mahajan Sachin , Bansal Vidur , Singhal Manphool 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTemporary epicardial pacing wires are used routinely in the postoperative period to prevent brady-arrythmias and maintain hemodynamic condition. Their safety and efficacy have been widely accepted with a low incidence of complications. Complications associated with temporary epicardial pacing wires may occur during removal or may be related to retained wires. Migration is one of the well-established but rare complications of retained epicardial pacing wire. Though migrations to various organs have been well documented in the literature, there are only few reports on intra-aortic migration of pacing wires in the postoperative period. Further, it is important for radiologists to know and identify these epicardial pacing wires as they may be associated with complications like superadded infection, migration to surrounding or distant areas, and injury to the heart and vessels.
COVID-19 Ramifications: A Scientific Approach to Bridge the Existing Gap between COVID Vaccines Hesitancy and Effectiveness
Authors: Nagy Hassan , Hameed Maha , Khan Faryal , Co Edzel Lorraine , Rauf Unaiza 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been a major dilemma all over the world since December 2019. Several types of COVID-19 vaccines were developed for public utilization to halt the widespread of the disease; however, vaccine hesitancy is one major factor that prevents a successful control of this pandemic. This study aimed to summarize the different kinds of available COVID-19 vaccines and their effectiveness, and to assess the associated factors regarding vaccine hesitancy of the general population to bridge the gap existing between the two factors.1
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High-performance HZO/InAlN/GaN MISHEMTs for Ka-band application
Authors: Cui Peng , Moser Neil , Chen Hang , Xiao John Q , Chabak Kelson D , Zeng Yuping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper reports on the demonstration of microwave power performance at 30 GHz on InAlN/GaN metal–insulator–semiconductor high electron mobility transistor (MISHEMT) on silicon substrate by using the Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) as a gate dielectric. Compared with Schottky gate HEMT, the MISHEMT with a gate length (L
G) of 50 nm presents a significantly enhanced performance with an ON/OFF current ratio (I
ON/I
OFF) of 9.3 × 107, a subthreshold swing of 130 mV dec−1, a low drain-induced barrier lowing of 45 mV V−1, and a breakdown voltage of 35 V. RF characterizations reveal a current gain cutoff frequency (f
T) of 155 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency (f
max) of 250 GHz, resulting in high (f
T × f
max)1/2 of 197 GHz and the record high Johnson’s figure-of-merit (JFOM = f
T × BV) of 5.4 THz V among the reported GaN MISHEMTs on Si. The power performance at 30 GHz exhibits a maximum output power of 1.36 W mm−1, a maximum power gain of 12.3 dB, and a peak power-added efficiency of 21%, demonstrating the great potential of HZO/InAlN/GaN MISHEMTs for the Ka-band application.
Active adjustment of space-borne cable-net antenna via a two-way shape memory alloy spring
Authors: Zhang Jiacheng , Zhang Yiqun , He Yongxi , Yang Dongwu , Sun Zihan , Xiong Jichuan , Yang Jianli 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In extreme space environments with alternating and uneven temperature variations, the surface accuracy of cable-net antennas deteriorates significantly, thereby inducing a periodic failure or a significant deviation in the electrical performance. This is because of the lack of effective methods for controlling the surface shape during the service of the cable-net antenna. In this study, a method based on ‘two-way memory spring’ is proposed to actively control the surface of a cable-net antenna. Herein, first, an electro-thermo-mechanical model of the shape memory alloy (SMA) spring is deduced by combining the intrinsic model of the two-way shape memory effect and the resistance property of the SMA. Subsequently, a principle prototype is developed, and experiments related to active control are conducted to confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Valley-polarized and supercollimated electronic transport in an 8-Pmmn borophene superlattice
Authors: Xu Yafang , Fang Yu , Jin Guojun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Analogous to real spins, valleys as carriers of information can play significant roles in physical properties of two-dimensional Dirac materials. On the other hand, utilizing external periodic potential is an efficient method to manipulate their band structures and transport properties. In this work, we investigate the valley dependent optics-like behaviors based on an 8-Pmmn borophene superlattice with the transfer matrix method and effective band approach. Firstly, it is found that the band structure is renormalized, more tilted Dirac cones are generated, and the group velocities are modified by the periodic potentials. Secondly, due to the exotic tilted Dirac cones in 8-Pmmn borophene, a perfect valley selected angle filter can be realized. The electrons with a specific incident angle can transmit completely in an energy window, which is flexibly tunable by changing the periodic potential. Thirdly, by using the Green’s function to simulate the time evolution of wave packets, electrons can be shown to propagate without any diffraction, valley electron beam supercollimation happens by modulating the potential parameters. Different from the graphene superlattice, the electron supercollimation here is valley dependent and can be used as a valley electron beam collimator. Fourthly, we can tune the polarization and supercollimation angles by changing the superlattice direction. These intriguing results in an 8-Pmmn borophene-based superlattice offer more opportunities in diverse electronic transport phenomena and may facilitate the devices applications in valleytronics and electron-optics.
Comments on the paper ‘Comparison study of bound states for diatomic molecules using Kratzer, Morse, and modified Morse potentials’
Authors: Samant R , Lotliker S U , Desai A M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Al-Othman et al (2022, Phys. Scr.
97 035401) in their paper have compared the energy eigenvalues obtained using Kratzer, Morse, and modified Morse potentials for four diatomic molecules (H2, N2, CO, and HCl) using the shifted 1/N expansion method. We show that due to the wrong expression of the parameter used in the modified Morse potential, the energy eigenvalues obtained for the case of modified Morse potential are incorrect, and the interpretation of the results stated in this paper is not reliable. We have rectified the error and recalculated the vibrational energy eigenvalues for the ground state of the HCl molecule using the shifted 1/N expansion method and compared the accuracy of Kratzer, Morse, and modified Morse with that of the observed vibrational energy eigenvalues. Also, we have determined the energy eigenvalues for the ground state of the HCl molecule by numerically solving the Schrödinger equation for the case of the modified Morse potential and compared the accuracy with the values obtained using the shifted 1/N expansion method. The vibrational energy eigenvalues obtained using modified Morse for the HCl molecule are found to be closer to the observed values than the Morse and Kratzer potential functions.
Controllability of fractional dynamical systems with ψ-Caputo fractional derivative
Authors: Selvam A Panneer , Vellappandi M , Govindaraj V 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe idea behind this study is to investigate the controllability of dynamical systems in terms of theψ-Caputo fractional derivative. The Grammian matrix is used to get at necessary and sufficient controllability requirements for linear systems, which are characterized by the Mittag-Leffler functions, while the fixed point approach is used to arrive at adequate controllability criteria for nonlinear systems. The novelty of this research is to inquire into the controllability concepts by utilizing theψ-Caputo fractional derivative. Sinceψ-Caputo fractional derivatives have the advantage of capturing memory effects as well as increasing the accuracy of anticipating real-world scenarios. A few numerical examples are offered to help better understand the theoretical results.