bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation and evaluation of the risks of protozoan infection related to the water produced by a treatment plant in southern Brazil.
Authors: Visentini Claudia Bauer , Tagliari Lorenzo Rüling 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The main objective of this study was to estimate the risk of giardia and cryptosporidiuminfection through ingestion of the water produced by a treatment plant located in southern Brazil, between the years 2015 and 2021. The protozoan removal values ​​were obtained through two different approaches and the annual infection risks were estimated by the Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment Methodology (QMRA). Although the collected raw water showed a higher concentration of giardia cysts than cryptosporidium oocysts, the annual risk values ​​were significantly higher for cryptosporidiuminfection. The choice of the type of approach to estimate the removal of protozoa had a great impact on the magnitude of the infection risk values ​​obtained. In general, the water treated by the studied plant presented infection risk values ​​lower than or very close to the annual risk value considered tolerable by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, it was concluded that the conventional requirements present in norms and legislation, such as in Brazilian legislation, are not sufficient to guarantee the microbiological safety of drinking water.
Neuroticism, Physical Activity, and Cognitive Functioning in a Population-Based Cohort of Older Adults
Authors: Desai Pankaja , Beck Todd , Krueger Kristin , Wilson Robert , Evans Denis , Rajan Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background. Little is known about how physical activity influences the relationship between neuroticism and cognitive function and cognitive decline.Methods. Data from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP) was utilized to conduct this study. CHAP is a population-based cohort study of chronic conditions in older adults. Participants completed in-home interviews cycles of three years from 1993–2012. Mixed effects regression models were conducted to test the associations between physical activity, neuroticism, and the interaction between neuroticism and global cognitive function and global cognitive decline. Stratified mixed effects regression models by physical activity level were conducted to test the associations between neuroticism and global cognitive function and global cognitive decline.Results. A total of 7,685 participants were eligible for this study. Participants were 62% female and 64% African American. We found statistically significant associations for the interaction of medium physical and neuroticism (β = 0.014 (SE = 0.007), p = .037) and the interaction of high physical activity and neuroticism (β = 0.021 (SE = 0.007), p = .003) on global cognitive function at baseline but not for decline over time. Stratified analysis showed that among participants with high physical activity levels, the association between neuroticism and global cognitive decline was statistically significant (β=-0.002 (SE = 0.001), p = .023).Conclusion. Increasing physical activity level benefits the cognitive functioning of individuals with high neuroticism. Interventions should incorporate health behavior change approaches which aim to reduce characteristics of neuroticism.
Epidemiology of Vertebral Fractures in Chile: A retrospective study in the largest neurosurgery reference center of the country
Authors: Vera Sergio , Vega Roberto , Cofré Cristopher , Marcano Ramón , Padilla César , Luna Felipe 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study.
Objectives:
This study aims to describe the occurrence of vertebral fractures according to age, sex, cause, type of fracture, compromised level, treatment, and complications in adult individuals.
Setting:
A Chilean neurosurgery reference center.
Methods:
All patients ≥ 18 years old suffering from an acute vertebral fracture between 2017 and 2022 were included in this study. Demographical data, fracture characteristics and management were obtained from medical records.
Results:
In total, 175 individuals with vertebral fractures were identified. The highest percentages of vertebral fractures were concentrated in 2 periods of life: under 30 years of age (25.7%, N=45), and ≥ 65 years (30.9%, N=54). Mostly of these patients were men (56.6%). Over 90 percent of individuals had a traumatic vertebral fracture (90.2%), whereas 9.8% had a pathological vertebral fracture. The most frequent localization was in the Thoracolumbar region of the spine (58.3%), being the Burst fractures (A3 or A4) the most frequent types (47.4%). Sixty-two patients had a neurological deficit (35.4%), mostly paraparesis. Finally, spinal fusion, with or without decompression, was the most used surgical technique (52.1%), with almost 13% of complications, mainly due to surgical site infections.
Conclusions:
Worldwide distribution of data regarding characterization of vertebral fractures is heterogeneous, even in our own region. However, data on the subject in Latin America is scarce. Understanding the clinical and demographic characteristics of these patients will help to prevent injuries, deciding type of management, and aiming to reduce complications in cases of traumatic and non-traumatic spine injuries.
Establishment of a predictive model for postpartum hemorrhage in twins: a retrospective study
Authors: Qi Sangsang , Fu Xianhu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective To explore the risk factors and develop a predictive model for postpartum hemorrhage in twin pregnancies.
Methods This retrospective cohort study included 2,045 patients who met the inclusion criteria for inpatient deliveries at Ningbo Women's and Children's Hospital from January 2018 to August 2022. The patients were randomly divided into training and testing cohorts by 7:3, LASS0 regression screening variables and dichotomous logistic multifactor analysis were applied in R language to determine independent risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage in twin births nomograms were drawn to validate and evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model.
Results Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed maternal age, assisted reproduction, platelet count, fibrinogen level, albumin level, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, placenta praevia, number of previous cesarean deliveries, number of previous intrauterine manipulation, and neonatal weight were independent risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage in twin births. The area under curve (AUC) for the training cohort was 0.810 [95%CI (0.781, 0.839)], with a sensitivity of 76.5%, specificity of 71.0%, and positive and negative predictive values of 0.358 and 0.935, respectively, while the AUC for the testing cohorts was 0.821 [95%CI (0.781, 0.860)], with a sensitivity of 80.9%, specificity of 69.49%, and positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 0.426 and 0.929.
Conclusion The predictive model can effectively and quantitatively assess the risk of postpartum hemorrhage in twin pregnancies and help clinicians to take personalized preventive measures.
Combining transcriptomics and metabolomics to identify key response genes for aluminum toxicity in the root system of Brassica napus L. seedlings
Authors: Li Chenyang , Shi Hongsong , Xu Lu , Xing Mingli , Wu Xiaoru , Bai Yansong , Niu Mengyuan , Gao Junqi , Zhou Qingyuan , Cui Cui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity has become one of the important abiotic stress factorsin areas with acid soil, which hinders the absorption of water and nutrients by roots, and consequently retards the growth of crops. A deeper understanding of the stress response mechanism of Brassica napus may allow us to identify the tolerance gene(s) and use this information in breeding resistant crop varieties. In this study, a population of 138 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was subjected to aluminum stress, and QTL (quantitative trait locus) mapping was used to preliminarily locate quantitative trait loci related to aluminum stress. Root tissues from seedlings of aluminum-resistant (R) lines and aluminum-sensitive (S) lines from the RIL population were harvested for transcriptome sequencing and metabolome determination. By combining the data on quantitative trait genes (QTGs), differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), key candidate genes related to aluminum tolerance in rapeseed were determined. The results showed that there were 3186 QTGs in the RIL population, 14,232 DEGs and 457 DAMs in the comparison between R and S lines. Lastly, 138 hub genes were selected to have a strong positive or negative correlation with 30 important metabolites (|R|≥0.95). These genes were mainly involved in the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and secondary metabolites in response to Al toxicity stress. In summary, this study provides an effective method for screening key genes by combining QTLs, transcriptome sequencing, and metabolomic analysis, but also lists key genes for exploring the molecular mechanism of Al tolerance in rapeseed seedling roots.
Keratin 15 protects against cigarette smoke-induced epithelial mesenchymal transformation by MMP-9
Authors: wensi Zhu , Han Linxiao , Wu Yuanyuan , Tong Lin , He Ludan , Wang Qin , Yan Yu , Pan Ting , Shen Jie , Song Yuanlin , Zhu Qiaoliang , Shen Yao , Zhou Jian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a chronic inflammatory lung disease, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Prolonged cigarette smoking (CS) that causes irreversible airway remodeling and significantly reduces lung function is a major risk factor for COPD. Kertin15+ (Krt15+) cells with the potential of self-renewal and differentiation properties have been implicated in the maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation of airway basal cells; however, the role of Krt15 in COPD is not clear.Methods Krt15 knockout (Krt15−/−) and wild-type (WT) mice of C57BL/6 background were exposed to CS for six months to establish COPD models. Krt15-Cre;Rosa26-tdTomato mice were used to trace the fate of the Krt15+ cells. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson stainings were performed to assess histopathology and fibrosis, respectively. Furthermore, lentivirus-delivered short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used to knock down KRT15 in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells stimulated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE). The protein expression was assessed using western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Krt15−/− CS mice developed severe inflammatory cell infiltration, airway remodeling, and emphysema. Moreover, Krt15 knockout aggravated CS-induced secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT). Consistent with this finding, KRT15 knockdown promoted MMP-9 expression and EMT progression in vitro, which was reversed by SB-3CT, an MMP-9 inhibitor. Furthermore, Krt15+ cells gradually increased in the bronchial epithelial cells during CS exposure in mice.Conclusion Krt15 regulates the EMT process by promoting MMP-9 expression and protects the lung tissue from CS-induced injury, inflammatory infiltration, and apoptosis. These results suggest Krt15 as a potential therapeutic target for COPD.
Combining Self-attention and Depth-wise Convolution for Human Pose Estimation
Authors: fan Zhang , qingxuan Shi , yanli Ma 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The implementation of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers has significantly accelerated the booming advances of human pose estimation. However, challenges persist in accurately estimating target details, and performing pose estimation in complex environments where targets may be blurred or chaotic. In this paper, we exploit TokenPose as the baseline, revisiting the design of CNNs and Transformers. TokenPose utilizes CNNs and Transformers sequentially, combining the advantages of CNNs in extracting low level features and Transformers in establishing long-range dependencies. On this basis, we modify the CNNs and Transformer related structures to further enhance expression ability of the model. The modification is made to the original CNNs section: we alter BasicBlock to AtBlock to maintain high-resolution information exchange to further excavate details of objects. The two following modifications are applied to the subsequent Transformer section: (1) we replace the self-attention layer in each encoder block with the Local Enhancement Self-Attention(LESA) module to capture local information. (2) we propose a Local Perception Feed-Forward Network(LPFFN) to substitute for the feed-froward network layer in each encoder block, which employs the depth-wise convolution to enhance the correlation of neighbour information in the spatial dimension. Our modifications contribute to analyzing poses that are arduous to estimate due to occlusion. Our method combines self-attention and depth-wise convolution, which is named CSDNet. We demonstrate a better performance over the TokenPose baseline on both the COCO2017 and MPII datasets. Additionally, in complicated environments such as poor lighting conditions, our method can more accurately estimate fuzzy keypoints.
IRAK-M Plays A Role in the Pathology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Through Suppressing the Activation of Microglia
Authors: Zhong Xinghua , Li Chuqiao , Li Yanran , Huang Yingyi , Liu Jingsi , Jiang Anqi , Chen Jinyu , Peng Yu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Microglial activation plays a crucial role in the disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Interleukin receptor-associated kinases-M (IRAK-M) is an important negative regulatory factor in the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway during microglia activation, and its mechanism in this process is still unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of IRAK-M and its protective effects for motor neuron in SOD1-G93A mouse model of ALS.
Methods
qPCR(Real-time Quantitative PCR Detecting System) were used to examine the mRNA levels of IRAK-M in the spinal cord in both SOD1-G93A mice and their age-matched wild type (WT) littermates at 100 and 140 days of age. we established an adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-based platform by which IRAK-M was targeted mostly to microglial cells to investigate whether this approach could provide a protection in the SOD1-G93A mouse .
Results
Compared with age-matched WT mice, IRAK-M mRNA level was elevated at 100 and 140 days in the anterior horn region of spinal cords in the SOD1-G93A mouse. AAV9-IRAK-M treated SOD1-G93A mice showed reduction of IL-1β mRNA levels and significant improvements in the numbers of spinal motor neurons in spinal cord. Mice also showed previously reduction of muscle atrophy.
Conclusions
Our data revealed the dynamic changes of IRAK-M during ALS pathological progression and demonstrated that an AAV9-IRAK-M deliverywas an effective and translatable therapeutic approach for ALS. These findings may help identify potential molecular targets for ALS therapy.
Bayesian Discrete Lognormal Regression Model for Genomic Prediction
Authors: Montesinos-Lopez Abelardo , Gutiérrez-Pulido Humberto , Ramos-Pulido Sofia , Montesinos-López José Cricelio , Montesinos-López Osval A. , Crossa Jose 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Genomic selection is a powerful tool in modern breeding programs that uses genomic information to predict the performance of individuals and select those with desirable traits. It has revolutionized animal and plant breeding, as it allows breeders to identify the best candidates without labor-intensive and time-consuming phenotypic evaluations. While several statistical models have been developed, most of them have been for quantitative continuous traits and only a few for count responses. In this paper, we propose a discrete lognormal regression model in the Bayesian context, developed using the inference by Gibbs sampler to explore the corresponding posterior distribution and make the predictions. A data set of resistance disease is used in the wheat crop and is then evaluated against the traditional Gaussian model and a lognormal model over the located response. The results indicate the proposed model is a competitive and natural model for predicting count genomic traits.
Paget's Disease of Bone: a Single Center Experience
Authors: Ünübol Mustafa , Ozcaglayan Ruhsen , Erdemir Zehra , İyiyapıcı Ayşe , Güney Engin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction Paget's disease of bone, osteitis deformans is a benign disease of bone that affects one or more bones. Its prevalence and clinical features show geographical region differences. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the treatment responses and follow-up results as a single center experience by using the demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics of patients with Paget's Disease of the Bone.
Method Fifty one patients who were diagnosed and followed up in Aydın Adnan Menderes University Endocrinology clinic between September 2004 and December 2021 were included in the study retrospectively.
Results The mean age of onset of the disease was 61.8±12.5 years and the mean follow-up period was 9.3±8.2 years. It was observed that 68.63% of the patients were asymptomatic. Polyostotic involvement is present in 62.7% of the patients. It was observed that the disease most commonly involved the pelvis. It was determined that alkaline phosphatase value was above the upper reference limit in all patients at the time of diagnosis. All patients have increased activity in whole body bone scintigraphy. Except for one patient, all patients received bisphosphonate therapy. Remission was achieved in all patients who received zolendronic acid treatment as the first treatment. Since there was no response in the treatment of 8 patients receiving oral bisphosphonate and 2 patients receiving pamidronate, IV zolendronic acid treatment was started. Treatment response was achieved in 6 (75%) of 8 patients who did not go into remission with oral bisphosphonate, and in 1 (50%) of 2 patients who received pamidronate and did not go into remission, after switching to zolendronic acid, and serum alkaline phosphatase values were found to regress to the normal range.
Conclusion In this study, it was determined that patients with asymptomatic alkaline phosphatase elevation should also be examined for Paget's disease of the bone and that zolendronic acid provides an effective treatment in Paget's disease of the bone.
Segmented in vitro fertilization and frozen embryo transfer in levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device treated patients with endometrial cancer
Authors: Wei Hongyi , Ma Caihong , Pan Ningning , Wang Yang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in patients with early stage endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC).
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted. The study population comprised patients with EEC who achieved complete response after fertility-sparing treatment from December 2018 to December 2021 and all the women who underwent COS had LNG-IUDs inserted in the uterine cavity.
Results
16 patients were enrolled who underwent 26 COS cycles. The average age was 33.19 ± 4.04 years. 12 patients had 19 subsequent frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles, no embryos were obtained in 1 patient, 1 patient got pregnancy spontaneously with term delivery after COS, 1 patient relapsed before FET, and 1 patient did not transfer embryos for personal reasons. Among 19 FET cycles, the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in each ET cycle were 36.84% (7/19) and 26.32% (5/19), respectively. 7 clinical pregnancies resulted in 2 miscarriages (28.57%), and 5 live births (71.43%). Totally 6 patients achieved 7 live births, the cumulative live birth rate was 37.5% (6/16). Three (18.75%)of these patients relapsed after COS during the follow-up period(31.31 ± 15.89 months). Time interval from COS to relapse was 6.63,11.67 and 16.23 months respectively.
Conclusion
LNG-IUD may benefit the pregnancy and oncological outcomes of patients with EEC during COS.
Cable Path Optimization by Fixing Multiple Guides on One Link for Industrial Robot Arms
Authors: Iwamura Shintaro , Mizukami Yoshiki , Endo Takahiro , Matsuno Fumitoshi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Several methods have been developed in recent years to automatically design cable paths for a given robot motion. However, an optimal solution may not be found when applied to complex motions such as inspection or assembly processes. Observation of experts’ works reveals that multiple guides are empirically fixed on one link to avoid cable collisions with peripheral devices and to lessen cable bending fatigue. This study proposes a cable path optimization method with multiple guides on one link to obtain the optimal solution for complex motions. Further, it experimentally demonstrates its effectiveness. However, fixing multiple guides on one link may increase computational burden because the solution search space will remarkably expand. Therefore, a combination of Hermite interpolation and interpolated coordinate system calculation using rotation minimizing frames was introduced to reduce the significant burden of connected geometry computation. The connected geometry is the geometry of the cable segment which connects the guides at both ends and is used as an initial geometry in the physical simulation considering gravity to determine the convergent geometry of the cable segment.
Palmitic acid induces posttranslational modifications of tau protein in Alzheimer´s disease-related epitopes and increases intraneuronal tau levels.
Authors: García-Cruz Valeria Melissa , Arias Clorinda 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Metabolic diseases derived from an unhealthy lifestyle have been linked with an increased risk for developing cognitive impairment and even Alzheimer´s disease (AD). Although high consumption of saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid (PA) has been associated with the development of obesity and type II diabetes, the mechanisms connecting elevated neuronal PA levels and increased AD marker expression remain unclear. Among other effects, PA induces insulin resistance, increases intracellular calcium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and reduces the NAD+/NADH ratio, resulting in decreased activity of the deacetylase Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in neurons. These mechanisms may affect signaling pathways that impact the posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of the tau protein. To analyze the role played by PA in inducing the phosphorylation and acetylation of tau, we examined PTM changes in human tau in differentiated neurons from human neuroblastoma cells. We found changes in the phosphorylation state of several AD-related sites, namely, S199/202 and S214, that were mediated by a mechanism associated with the dysregulated activity of the kinases GSK3β and mTOR. PA also increased the acetylation of residue K280, and elevated total tau level after long exposure time. These findings provide information about the mechanisms by which saturated fatty acids cause tau PTMs that are similar to those observed in association with AD biochemical changes.