bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic fluctuations in a bacterial metabolic network
Authors: Bi Shuangyu , Kargeti Manika , Colin Remy , Farke Niklas , Link Hannes , Sourjik Victor 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe operation of the central metabolism is typically assumed to be deterministic, but dynamics and high connectivity of the metabolic network make it potentially prone to generating fluctuations. However, time-resolved measurements of metabolite levels in individual cells that are required to characterize such fluctuations remained a challenge, particularly in small bacterial cells. Here we use single-cell metabolite measurements based on Förster resonance energy transfer, combined with computer simulations, to explore the real-time dynamics of the metabolic network of Escherichia coli. We observe that steplike exposure of starved E. coli to glycolytic carbon sources elicits large periodic fluctuations in the intracellular concentration of pyruvate in individual cells. These fluctuations are consistent with predicted oscillatory dynamics of E. coli metabolic network, and they are primarily controlled by biochemical reactions around the pyruvate node. Our results further indicate that fluctuations in glycolysis propagate to other cellular processes, possibly leading to temporal heterogeneity of cellular states within a population.
Brainstem neuromelanin and iron MRI reveals a precise signature for idiopathic and LRRK2 Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Martínez Martín , Ariz Mikel , Alvarez Ignacio , Castellanos Gabriel , Aguilar Miquel , Hernández-Vara Jorge , Caballol Núria , Garrido Alicia , Bayés Àngels , Vilas Dolores , Marti Maria Jose ,   the Catalonian Neuroimaging Parkinson’s disease Consortium, Pascual-Sedano Berta , Marin Juan , Avila Asuncion , Buongiorno Mariateresa , Tartari Juan Pablo , Puente Victor , Ezquerra Mario , Valldeoriola Francesc , Compta Yaroslau , Tolosa Eduard , Pont Claustre , Pastor Pau , de Solórzano Carlos Ortiz , Pastor Maria A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNeuromelanin (NM) loss in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and locus coeruleus (LC) reflects neuronal death in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Since genetically-determined PD shows varied clinical expressivity, we wanted to accurately quantify and locate brainstem NM and iron, to discover whether specific MRI patterns are linked to Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 G2019S PD (LRRK2-PD) or idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (iPD). A 3D automated MRI atlas-based segmentation pipeline (3D-ABSP) for NM/iron-sensitive MRI images topographically characterized the SNc, LC, and red nucleus (RN) neuronal loss and calculated NM/iron contrast ratio (CR) and normalized volume (nVol). Left-side NM nVol was larger in all groups. PD had lower NM CR and nVol in ventral-caudal SNc, whereas iron increased in lateral, medial-rostral, and caudal SNc. The SNc NM CR reduction was associated with psychiatric symptoms. LC CR and nVol discriminated better among subgroups: LRRK2-PD had similar LC NM CR and nVol as that of controls, and larger LC NM nVol and RN iron CR than iPD. PD showed higher iron SNc nVol than controls, especially among LRRK2-PD. ROC analyses showed an AUC > 0.92 for most pairwise subgroup comparisons, with SNc NM being the best discriminator between HC and PD. NM measures maintained their discriminator power considering the subgroup of PD patients with less than 5 years of disease duration. The SNc iron CR and nVol increase was associated with longer disease duration in PD patients. The 3D-ABSP sensitively identified NM and iron MRI patterns strongly correlated with phenotypic PD features.
Topological surface magnetism and Néel vector control in a magnetoelectric antiferromagnet
Authors: Du Kai , Xu Xianghan , Won Choongjae , Wang Kefeng , Crooker Scott A. , Rangan Sylvie , Bartynski Robert , Cheong Sang-Wook 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAntiferromagnetic states with no stray magnetic fields can enable high-density ultra-fast spintronic technologies. However, the detection and control of antiferromagnetic Néel vectors remain challenging. Linear magnetoelectric antiferromagnets (LMAs) may provide new pathways, but applying simultaneous electric and magnetic fields, necessary to control Néel vectors in LMAs, is cumbersome and impractical for most applications. Herein, we show that Cr2O3, a prototypical room-temperature LMA, carries a topologically-protected surface magnetism in all surfaces, which stems from intrinsic surface electric fields due to band bending, combined with the bulk linear magnetoelectricity. Consequently, bulk Néel vectors with zero bulk magnetization can be simply tuned by magnetic fields through controlling the magnetizations associated with the surface magnetism. Our results imply that the surface magnetizations discovered in Cr2O3 should be also present in all LMAs.
Is new dengue vaccine efficacy data a relief or cause for concern?
Authors: Thomas Stephen J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDengue is a major global public health problem requiring a safe and efficacious vaccine as the foundation of a comprehensive countermeasure strategy. Despite decades of attempts, the world has a single dengue vaccine licensed in numerous countries, but restrictions and conditions of its use have deterred uptake. Recently, clinical efficacy data has been revealed for two additional dengue vaccine candidates and the data appears encouraging. In this perspective I discuss dengue, the complexities of dengue vaccine development, early development setbacks, and how the latest data from the field may be cause for measured optimism. Finally, I provide some perspectives on evaluating dengue vaccine performance and how the pursuit of the perfect dengue vaccine may prevent advancement of vaccines which are good enough.
Optimization of reaction temperature and Ni–W–Mo catalyst soaking time in oil upgrading: application to kinetic modeling of in-situ upgrading
Authors: Abdi-Khanghah Mahdi , Jafari Arezou , Ahmadi Goodarz , Hemmati-Sarapardeh Abdolhossein 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDecreasing the conventional sources of oil reservoirs attracts researchers’ attention to the tertiary recovery of oil reservoirs, such as in-situ catalytic upgrading. In this contribution, the response surface methodology (RSM) approach and multi-objective optimization were utilized to investigate the effect of reaction temperature and catalysts soaking time on the concentration distribution of upgraded oil samples. To this end, 22 sets of experimental oil upgrading over Ni–W–Mo catalyst were utilized for the statistical modeling. Then, optimization based on the minimum reaction temperature, catalysts soaking time, gas, and residue wt.% was performed. Also, correlations for the prediction of concentration of different fractions (residue, vacuum gas oil (VGO), distillate, naphtha, and gases) as a function of independent factors were developed. Statistical results revealed that RSM model is in good agreement with experimental data and high coefficients of determination (R2 = 0.96, 0.945, 0.97, 0.996, 0.89) are the witness for this claim. Finally, based on multi-objective optimization, 378.81 °C and 17.31 h were obtained as the optimum upgrading condition. In this condition, the composition of residue, VGO, distillate, naphtha, and gases are 6.798%, 39.23%, 32.93%, 16.865%, and 2.896%, respectively, and the optimum condition is worthwhile for the pilot and industrial application of catalyst injection during in-situ oil upgrading.
Short-term exposure to some heavy metals carried with PM10 and cardiovascular system biomarkers during dust storm
Authors: Badeenezhad Ahmad , Parseh Iman , Veisi Ali , Rostami Saeid , Ghelichi-Ghojogh Mousa , Badfar Gholamreza , Abbasi Fariba 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of short-term exposure to heavy metals (HM) extracted from PM10 on CB in workers’ population in an outdoor space located in southern Iran during a dust storm. At first, 44 healthy and non-smoking workers were selected. Then PM10 and Blood samples were collected before and after the dust storm. Finally, HMs associated with PM10 measured by ICP-MS and its effect on the CB, including fibrinogen, CRP, TNF-α, and BP were estimated by ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and Odd Ratio (OR) in SPSS23. Based on the results, the concentration of PM10 and extracted HM such as Cr, As, and Cd was higher than the WHO/EPA standards in dust storms they increased the CB and BP remarkably. Moreover, the level of fibrinogen, blood pressure (BP) and TNF-α in dust storms were higher than in normal conditions (p < 0.05, OR > 3). In addition, As and Cd decreased fibrinogen concentration and systolic BP, respectively. Whereas, TNF-α was associated with concentration of Pb (R = − 0.85) on normal days. Consequently, the HM on PM10 such as As, interferes with the level of investigated CB. These results considered a potential risk for the residents in the southern regions of Iran.
Machine learning algorithms reveal potential miRNAs biomarkers in gastric cancer
Authors: Azari Hanieh , Nazari Elham , Mohit Reza , Asadnia Alireza , Maftooh Mina , Nassiri Mohammadreza , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Shahidsales Soodabeh , Khazaei Majid , Ferns Gordon A. , Avan Amir 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGastric cancer is the high mortality rate cancers globally, and the current survival rate is 30% even with the use of combination therapies. Recently, mounting evidence indicates the potential role of miRNAs in the diagnosis and assessing the prognosis of cancers. In the state-of-art research in cancer, machine-learning (ML) has gained increasing attention to find clinically useful biomarkers. The present study aimed to identify potential diagnostic and prognostic miRNAs in GC with the application of ML. Using the TCGA database and ML algorithms such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, k-NN, etc., a panel of 29 was obtained. Among the ML algorithms, SVM was chosen (AUC:88.5%, Accuracy:93% in GC). To find common molecular mechanisms of the miRNAs, their common gene targets were predicted using online databases such as miRWalk, miRDB, and Targetscan. Functional and enrichment analyzes were performed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Database of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), as well as identification of protein–protein interactions (PPI) using the STRING database. Pathway analysis of the target genes revealed the involvement of several cancer-related pathways including miRNA mediated inhibition of translation, regulation of gene expression by genetic imprinting, and the Wnt signaling pathway. Survival and ROC curve analysis showed that the expression levels of hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-133a, hsa-miR-146b, and hsa-miR-29c were associated with higher mortality and potentially earlier detection of GC patients. A panel of dysregulated miRNAs that may serve as reliable biomarkers for gastric cancer were identified using machine learning, which represents a powerful tool in biomarker identification.
Synesthesia has specific cognitive processing during Go/No-go paradigms
Authors: Aoki Yu , Shibasaki Manabu , Nakata Hiroki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGrapheme-color synesthesia is a consistent and automatic perception of non-physical color when presented with a grapheme. Many previous studies focused on the synesthetic visual system, but other cognitive functions in grapheme-color synesthetes have remained unclear. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of cognitive processing for motor execution and inhibition during Go/No-go paradigms in grapheme-color synesthesia using event-related potentials (ERPs). Six grapheme-color synesthetes and 24 non-synesthetes performed visual, auditory, and somatosensory Go/No-go paradigms. Omission errors were higher in grapheme-color synesthetes than non-synesthetes. Group-trial interactions (i.e., synesthetes–non-synesthetes × Go–No-go) were observed for the latency of the visual N2 component and amplitude of the somatosensory N2 component. Latencies of auditory and somatosensory P3 components were shorter in grapheme-color synesthetes than non-synesthetes. These findings suggest that grapheme-color synesthetes have specific cognitive processing in motor execution and inhibition as well as synesthetic color perception. Our data advance understanding of cognitive processing in grapheme-color synesthesia.
Application of wrapper based hybrid system for classification of risk tolerance in the Indian mining industry
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Bhattacharjee Ram Madhab 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe degree to which an individual is willing to take risks i.e., risk tolerance is often cited as a significant causal element in the majority of workplace accidents. It is essential to determine the risk tolerance level of miners and utilise their risk profiles to design improved training modules, safety, recruitment, and deployment policies. This paper aims to identify the most critical factors (or features) influencing miners’ risk tolerance in the Indian coal industry and develop a robust prediction model to learn their risk tolerance levels. To do end, we first conducted a questionnaire survey representing the complete feature set (with 36 features) among 360 miners and divided their responses into five classes of risk tolerance. Next, we propose a wrapper based hybrid system that combines particle swarm optimization (PSO) and random forest (RF) to train a multi-class classifier with a subset of features. In general, the proposed system selects the best feature subset by iteratively generating different feature combinations using the PSO and training an RF classifier model to assess the effectiveness of the generated feature subsets for the F1-score. At last, we compared the PSO-RF with four traditional classification methods to evaluate its effectiveness in terms of precision, recall, F1-score, accuracy, goodness-of-fit, and area under the curve.
Contamination and mortality of leaf-cutting ant workers by the quinone inside inhibitor fungicide after social interactions
Authors: Scudillio Tamires , Camargo Roberto da Silva , Mota Filho Tarcísio Marcos Macedo , de Matos Carlos Alberto Oliveira , Zanuncio José Cola , Sabattini Julian Alberto , Forti Luiz Carlos 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLeaf-cutting ants of the generaAttaandAcromyrmex(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are the most important pests in forest and agricultural plantations and livestock. Toxic baits are the main method to manage these insects. The objective was to determine whether the behavior of allogrooming, touch, and self-grooming amongAtta sexdens rubropilosaForel, 1908 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers disperse the fungicide quinone inside inhibitor and whether this product is toxic to them. This fungicide was applied, topically, in groups of workers and the social interactions between them and their mortality with and without the fungicide were evaluated. The interactions and the quinone inside inhibitor fungicide contamination increased with the number of leaf-cutting ant workers per group. Excessive touches, with subsequent allogrooming, and self-grooming among the ant workers dispersed the quinone inside the inhibitor fungicide causing 100% mortality and indicating its toxicity to this insect. The hypothesis that social interactions contaminated ant colony mates and the toxicity of the fungicide quinone inside inhibitor to workers of the leaf-cutting antA. sexdens rubropilosawas proven.
Real-time quality control of dripping pill’s weight based on laser detection technology
Authors: Wang Xiaoping , Chen Hang , Tian Ying , Qu Haibin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present work reports developing the first process analytical technology (PAT)-based real-time feedback control system for maintaining the Ginkgo biloba leaf dripping pills weight during manufacturing. The opening degree of the drop valve and the weight of dripping pills were chosen as the manipulated variable and as the controlled variable, respectively. A proportional-integral controller was programmed to automatically reach the desired dripping pills weight by adjusting the opening degree of the drop valve. The closed-loop feedback control system could automatically compensate for the disturbances and ensure a predefined weight of the dripping pills with excellent robustness, high accuracy, and high efficiency during manufacturing. Furthermore, the closed-loop feedback control system improved the process capability of the dripping process, and the process capability index was > 1.67. This study provides a new approach to real-time control of the weight of dripping pills and improves the process capability during Ginkgo biloba leaf dripping pills manufacturing.
Neurocomputational mechanisms of food and physical activity decision-making in male adolescents
Authors: Lim Seung-Lark , Bruce Amanda S. , Shook Robin P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe examined the neurocomputational mechanisms in which male adolescents make food and physical activity decisions and how those processes are influenced by body weight and physical activity levels. After physical activity and dietary assessments, thirty-eight males ages 14–18 completed the behavioral rating and fMRI decision tasks for food and physical activity items. The food and physical activity self-control decisions were significantly correlated with each other. In both, taste- or enjoyment-oriented processes were negatively associated with successful self-control decisions, while health-oriented processes were positively associated. The correlation between taste/enjoyment and healthy attribute ratings predicted actual laboratory food intake and physical activities (2-week activity monitoring). fMRI data showed the decision values of both food and activity are encoded in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, suggesting both decisions share common reward value-related circuits at the time of choice. Compared to the group with overweight/obese, the group with normal weight showed stronger brain activations in the cognitive control, multisensory integration, and motor control regions during physical activity decisions. For both food and physical activity, self-controlled decisions utilize similar computational and neurobiological mechanisms, which may provide insights into how to promote healthy food and physical activity decisions.
GIS-based risk assessment of flood disaster in the Lijiang River Basin
Authors: Ziwei Li , Xiangling Tang , Liju Li , Yanqi Chu , Xingming Wang , Dishan Yang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study is designed to provide a scientific reference for the establishment of rainstorm and flood disaster prevention system in Guilin region and improve the risk assessment of rainstorm and flood disasters. To realize the goal, a flood risk evaluation model is established by weight analysis methods including the entropy weight method and the analytic hierarchy process from 3 aspects, i.e., risk of disaster causing factors, sensitivity of disaster-pregnant environment and vulnerability of disaster bearing body. For the model, the daily precipitation 1980–2020 of 6 representative national meteorological stations in the Lijiang River Basin was used as reference data of disaster causing factors; six indicators, i.e., NDVI, river network density, geological hazard, slope, slope aspect and terrain undulation were selected as the sensitivity of disaster-pregnant environment; NPP, potential of farmland production, and population density were taken as the criteria for determining the vulnerability of disaster bearing capacity. Meanwhile, ArcGIS was used for analysis and calculation to complete the risk assessment of flood disaster in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi. The results indicate that: (1) the hazard level of flood disaster causing factors in Lijiang River Basin shows a decreasing distribution pattern from north to south, and high-risk areas cover 3108.47 km2, accounting for 21.29%; (2) the stability grade of disaster-pregnant environment shows a decreasing trend from the surrounding mountains to the plains, and the low-stability and lower-stability areas are mostly found in the low-lying areas around Lijiang River, with an area of 4218.63 km2, accounting for 28.69%; (3) the vulnerability of the disaster bearing body is generally at a low level, and the areas with high level cover 246.96 km2, accounting for only 1.69%; (4) under the combined effect of the above factors, the northern part of Guilin City in the Lijiang River Basin has a high risk of flood disaster.
Low maternal education increases the risk of Type 1 Diabetes, but not other autoimmune diseases: a mediating role of childhood BMI and exposure to serious life events
Authors: White Pär Andersson , Faresjö Tomas , Jones Michael P. , Ludvigsson Johnny 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe objective of this paper was to investigate if socioeconomic status (SES), measured by maternal education and household income, influenced the risk of developing autoimmune disease (Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac disease, Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Crohn’s disease, Ulcerative colitis, and autoimmune thyroid disease), or age at diagnosis, and to analyse pathways between SES and autoimmune disease. We used data from the All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) study, a population-based prospective birth cohort, which included children born 1997–1999. Diagnoses of autoimmune disease was collected from the Swedish National Patient Register Dec 2020. In 16,365 individuals, low maternal education, but not household income, was associated with increased risk of Type 1 Diabetes; middle education RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.06, 2.23; P 0.02, low education RR 1.81, 95% CI 1.04, 3.18; P 0.04. Maternal education and household income was not associated with any other autoimmune disease and did not influence the age at diagnosis. Part of the increased risk of Type 1 Diabetes by lower maternal education was mediated by the indirect pathway of higher BMI and higher risk of Serious Life Events (SLE) at 5 years of age. The risk of developing Type 1 Diabetes associated to low maternal education might be reduced by decreasing BMI and SLE during childhood.
Partial differential equations modeling of bio-convective sutterby nanofluid flow through paraboloid surface
Authors: Abdul Basit Muhammad , Imran Muhammad , Khan Shan Ali , Alhushaybari Abdullah , Sadat R. , Ali Mohamed R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this research article, the behavior of 2D non-Newtonian Sutterby nanofluid flow over the parabolic surface is discussed. In boundary region of surface buoyancy-driven flow occurred due to considerable temperature differences produced by the reaction happen between Sutterby nanofluid and catalyst at the surface. Free convection which is sighted easily on the parabolic surface is initiated by reaction on the catalyst surface modeled the 1st order activation energy. Applications of parabolic surfaces are upper cover of bullet, car bonnet, and air crafts. Under discussion flow is modelled mathematically by implementing law of conservation of microorganism’s concentration, momentum, mass and heat. The governing equations of the system is of the form of non-linear PDE’s. By the use of similarity transform, the governing PDE`s transformed as non-dimensional ODE’s. The resultant system of non-dimensional ODE’s are numerically solved by built-in function MATLAB package named as ‘bvp4c’. Graphical representation shows the influence of different parameters in the concentration, velocity, microorganisms and temperature profiles of the system. In temperature profile, we examined the impact of thermophoresis coefficient Nt (0.1, 0.5, 1.0), Prandtl number Pr (2.0, 3.0, 4.0), and Brownian motion variable Nb (0.1, 0.3, 0.5). Velocity profile depends on the non-dimensional parameters i.e. (Deborah number De & Hartmann number Ha) and found that these numbers (De, Ha) cause downfall in profile. Furthermore, mass transfer, skin friction, and heat transfer rates are numerically computed. The purpose of the study is to enumerate the significance of parabolic surfaces for the transport of heat and mass through the flow of bio-convective Sutterby nanofluid.