bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conversations de pandas sur Twitter : un instrument « adorable » des médias chinois
Authors: Huang Zhao Alexandre , Hardy Mylène , Wang Rui 
Published: April 2023

Cet article entend explorer la diplomatie chinoise du panda, son histoire, ses stratégies d’influence et ses pratiques numériques. Il vise à mettre en lumière comment le panda est devenu un animal politique, diplomatique et médiatique pour le gouvernement chinois. Notre étude expose comment, à l’ère numérique, les grands médias chinois mobilisent l’image du panda pour contribuer à la médiatisation de la politique étrangère nationale, de ses initiatives géopolitiques et de ses plaidoyers diplomatiques, afin d’interagir et de dialoguer avec les internautes et de construire une image « adorable » et une réputation favorable à la présence chinoise sur la scène internationale.
Understanding social upheavals: beyond conspiracy theories
Authors: Silva Kalinga Tudor 
Published: April 2023

Sociological explanations frequently serve as a counter point to popular conspiracy theories. Historically, sociology evolved as a subject that tried to prove that social reality cannot be reduced to the separate actions of the individuals who make up that society, such individual motivations or what was understood as the standard way persons think and behave in given situations being the dominant analytical frameworks in other social sciences like economics, psychology, and political science. A key founder of sociology, Frenchman Emile Durkheim tried to identify the social as external to and in some ways imposed from outside upon the individuals who are included in the social reality. In his unique way, he demonstrated the validity of the social by explaining how even a deeply personal and emotional matter such as suicide must be seen as a socially determined phenomenon. Of course,these views have been interrogated by many critics over the years for his single-minded preoccupation with the social by deemphasizing its natural linkages with the psychological and for his denial of the agency of human beings.
Molluscicidal activities of green-synthesized Alstonia congensis silver nanoparticles
Authors: Oyeyemi Oyetunde T. , Babalola Blessing M. , Akinmulero Taiwo C. , Adesida Precious A. , Oyeyemi Ifeoluwa T. 
Published: April 2023

Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy of Alstonia congensis green-synthesized nanoparticles as a molluscicide against snail hosts of trematodes.

Methods:
The ethanolic leaf extract of Alstonia congensis was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles. The formulation was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersed X-ray. The ovicidal and molluscicidal activities of the Alstonia congensis extract and its nanoparticles were tested against Physa acuta and Bulinus forskalii at different concentrations.

Results:
The green-synthesized nanoparticles inhibited embryonic development within the egg masses of the two snails in all the tested concentrations. Alstonia congensis extract did not show molluscicidal properties against adult Physa acuta but showed a very weak activity against Bulinus forskalii. Moreover, the synthesized nanoparticles showed significantly high molluscicidal activity against adult snails within 5-40 min of exposure in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
The Alstonia congensis-based nanoparticles show molluscicidal activities against adults and embryos of Physa acuta and Bulinus forskalii, and can be further explored as a potent molluscicide for the control of intermediate host of trematode parasites.
A novel machine learning-based video classification approach to detect pneumonia in COVID-19 patients using lung ultrasound
Authors: Krishnaswamy Deepa , Ebadi Salehe Erfanian , Seyed Bolouri Seyed Ehsan , Zonoobi Dornoosh , Greiner Russell , Meuser-Herr Nathaniel , Jaremko Jacob L , Kapur Jeevesh , Noga Michelle , Punithakumar Kumaradevan 
Published: April 2023

Context:
Efficiently diagnosing COVID-19-related pneumonia is of high clinical relevance. Point-of-care ultrasound allows detecting lung conditions via patterns of artifacts, such as clustered B-lines.

Aims:
The aim is to classify lung ultrasound videos into three categories: Normal (containing A-lines), interstitial abnormalities (B-lines), and confluent abnormalities (pleural effusion/consolidations) using a semi-automated approach.

Settings and Design:
This was a prospective observational study using 1530 videos in 300 patients presenting with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 pneumonia, where the data were collected and labeled by human experts versus machine learning.

Subjects and Methods:
Experts labeled each of the videos into one of the three categories. The labels were used to train a neural network to automatically perform the same classification. The proposed neural network uses a unique two-stream approach, one based on raw red-green-blue channel (RGB) input and the other consisting of velocity information. In this manner, both spatial and temporal ultrasound features can be captured.

Statistical Analysis Used:
A 5-fold cross-validation approach was utilized for the evaluation. Cohen's kappa and Gwet's AC1 metrics are calculated to measure the agreement with the human rater for the three categories. Cases are also divided into interstitial abnormalities (B-lines) and other (A-lines and confluent abnormalities) and precision-recall and receiver operating curve curves created.

Results:
This study demonstrated robustness in determining interstitial abnormalities, with a high F1 score of 0.86. For the human rater agreement for interstitial abnormalities versus the rest, the proposed method obtained a Gwet's AC1 metric of 0.88.

Conclusions:
The study demonstrates the use of a deep learning approach to classify artifacts contained in lung ultrasound videos in a robust manner.
Automated atrial fibrillation prediction using a hybrid long short-term memory network with enhanced whale optimization algorithm on electrocardiogram datasets
Authors: Valliappa Chocko , Kalyanasundaram Revathi Thavamani , Balasubramaniam Sathiyabhama , Sennan Sankar , Sampath Kumar Nirmalesh Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Cardiac arrhythmias are one of the leading causes of heart failure. In particular, atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a kind of arrhythmia that can lead to heart stroke and myocardial infarction. It is very important and crucial to predict AFib at an early stage to prevent heart disease. Electrocardiogram is one of the premium diagnostic tools which is used by most of the researchers for predicting irregular heartbeats. There are many works carried out in finding heart disease using machine learning classifiers.

Aims and Objectives:
Deep learning based hybrid Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network is hybridized with Enhanced Whale Optimization (EWO) to minimize the network optimization and configuration issues faced in the existing models and proposed to increases the accuracy of predicting AFib. Materials and Methods: The proposed LSTM network is hybridized with a EWO technique for predicting AFib. This study uses a hybrid LSTM EWO network for classifying the various output labels of heart disease. EWO is used to predict the most relevant features from the raw dataset. Then, the LSTM model is used to predict the AFib of a patient from normal ECG data.

Results:
The DL based LSTM EWO achieves better results in all the performance metrics by analyzing the optimized features in feature space, training, and testing phase and successfully obtains better performance in an effective manner. LSTM improves the accuracy by reducing the number of units in the hidden layer which optimizes the network configuration. The proposed model achieves 96.12% accuracy which is 12.81% higher than RF, 15.01% higher than GB, 28.04% higher than CART, and 16.92% higher than SVM.

Conclusion:
The proposed model hybrid LSTM network integrated EWO for predicting the AFib. The EWO is applied for selecting the most appropriate features needed for the model to learn and produce improvised performance. The optimization and network configuration problems faced in the existing studies are avoided by choosing the suitable number of LSTM units and the size of the time window. This has been implemented through LSTM units and their window size. In addition, we made a statistical examination to prove the importance of proposed work against other models. It is observed that the experimental results attained with 96% of accuracy, better than conventional models.
Ameliorative Effect of Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Scrophularia striata Boiss. on murine model of experimental colitis
Authors: Minaiyan Mohsen , Pasandideh-Fetrat Parastoo , Sadeghi-Dinani Masoud , Talebi Ardeshir 
Published: April 2023

Background:

Scrophularia striata Boiss. (S. striata) is a flowering plant with several therapeutic properties including antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and wound-healing activity. Regarding the side effects of drugs conventionally used for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment, we investigated the anticolitis properties of aqueous (SSAE) and hydroalcoholic (SSHE) extracts of S. striata on experimental colitis.

Materials and Methods:
The colitis was induced using acetic acid (3%) and 2 h before ulcer induction, each group of rats received orally three doses (150, 300, and 600 mg/kg, p.o.) of SSAE or SSHE for the next 5 days. Dexamethasone (1 mg/kg, i.p.) and mesalazine (100 mg/kg, p.o.) were used as reference drugs. Different parameters including weight of colon/height, ulcer index, total colitis index, levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were investigated.

Results:
Total phenolic contents were 4.3 ± 0.2 and 7.1 ± 0.4 mg/g equivalent to gallic acid for SSAE and SSHE respectively. Three applied doses of SSHE and the highest dose of SSAE (600 mg/kg) could reduce all the macroscopic and pathologic indices of colitis and the levels of MPO and MDA. Two lesser doses of SSAE (150, 300 mg/kg) however, couldn't diminish the histopathologic features of colitis and the values of MPO and MDA.

Conclusions:

S. striata, especially SSHE, which also contained more phenolic compounds, had an ameliorating effect on ulcerative colitis and possibly exerts this effect through its antioxidant, antiinflammatory and wound healing properties. Further investigations are required to introduce this plant as a novel alternative herbal drug for colitis treatment.
Self-Training Video Module Versus Instructor Taught Pediatric Basic Life Support According to Peyton Model: Report of an Experience
Authors: Ghanbaryan Moloud , Saeidi Minoo 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an important predictor of out-of-hospital arrest prognosis in the pediatric population. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of two educational methods, a video module and Peyton model with manikin, in parent's education.

Materials and Methods:
We enrolled 140 subjects, 70 in each group. We assess their knowledge, attitude, and practice about pediatric basic life support (BLS) before and after two different types of educational interventions.

Results:
Mean attitude, knowledge, and practice score were significantly higher after educational intervention in both groups. Knowledge and total practice score were significantly higher in the Peyton group compared with DVD group (P = 0.02 and 0.000, respectively). The rate of totally correct chest compression was 53% in Peyton/manikin group versus 24% in DVD/lecture group and the difference was meaningful statistically (P = 0.0003).

Conclusion:
Any educational intervention has a significant effect on the Iranian parent's knowledge and practice about child BLS, but education through manikin can increase this impact.
A Comparison of the Anti-Anxiety Effects of Oral Ketamine and Fluvoxamine in Children with Separation Anxiety Disorder Manifesting as School Refusal
Authors: Karbasi Amel Afsaneh , Hosseini Farzaneh 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Children suffer from a high prevalence of anxiety problems that require prompt treatment. It has been demonstrated that ketamine offers rapid anti-anxiety effects. This study aimed to evaluate ketamine's anti-anxiety impact in the treatment of children with school-refusal separation anxiety disorder.

Materials and Methods:
In this open-labeled randomized clinical trial, 71 children (6-10 years) diagnosed with school refusal separation anxiety disorder were randomly assigned to two groups; a case group, who received ketamine at a weekly rising dose of 0.1 to 1 mg/kg; the control group treated with Fluvoxamine (25 mg/day), which could increase to 200 mg/day if necessary. The SCARED and CATS questionnaires were used to assess anxiety before treatment, at the 8th and 16th weeks of intervention. The data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of covariance.

Results:
The mean anxiety scores in the eighth week (19.7 ± 16.1) were significantly lower in the ketamine group than before (31.5 ± 10.8). Until the sixteenth week (19.4 ± 14.6), there was no further decrease in scores in the ketamine group, in the fluvoxamine group, pre-treatment scores (36.3 ± 16.5) and eighth week (36.9 ± 16.6) were not significantly different, but scores decreased significantly in a sixteenth week (26.2 ± 12.5).

Conclusion:
In first eight weeks of treatment, ketamine was more successful than fluvoxamine at reducing anxiety disorder, considering the emergence of this disorder and the lack of major adverse effects of ketamine, it seems to be beneficial in early phases of treatment. Due to the quick onset of ketamine in future trials, their combination therapy is recommended during the initial weeks of treatment.
Comparative study of death-associated protein kinase promoter methylation between nonsquamous and squamous subtypes of nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Hisham Fatma A. , Hewidy Asem A. , Fouda Ahmed M. , Abumossalam Ahmed M. , Elmasry Manal , El-Desoky Manal M. 
Published: April 2023

Background
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be classified as nonsquamous cell carcinoma (non-SCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). NSCLC pathogenesis includes altered methylation patterns in multiple genes. Promotor methylation of death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) has been documented in various tumors.

Aim
To compare DAPK promoter methylation and clinical characteristics in patients of nonsquamous cell lung cancer with those of SCC.

Patients and methods
A case–control study was conducted on fresh-frozen tumor samples from 81 patients with primary NSCLC, including 43 non-SCC cases and 38 SCC cases, investigated in the Chest Department, Mansoura University Hospital, in the period from June 2017 to January 2020. A total of 40 patients matched for age and sex with nonmalignant lung lesions served as controls. Patients with age more than 18 years, radiological suggestions of lung cancer, and histologically diagnosed NSCLC were included, whereas patients with malignancies other than NSCLC or unfit for bronchoscopy were excluded. A pathologist histologically examined each lung tumor to define the type and other clinical characteristics of the tumor. DNA was isolated from fresh-frozen tissues, and the detection of DNA methylation was performed using methylation-specific PCR.

Results
NSCLC case groups included 43 nonsquamous cells and 38 squamous cells, with a mean age of 62.89±5.5 and 64.19±5.87 years, respectively. The control group included 40 patients, with a mean age of 61.37±6.64 years. There were statistically significant differences regarding smoking status (P=0.002) and the clinical characteristics suggestive of lung cancer between both patients with NSCLC and controls, but the differences between SCC and non-SCC were not significant. The results were significantly different between the two groups concerning chest radiograph and computed tomographic finding, where the peripheral mass was significantly higher in non-SCC than SCC (P<0.001). DAPK promoter methylation was significantly higher for NSCLC (both SCC and non-SCC) as compared with controls (P≤0.001), but there was no significant difference between SCC and non-SCC groups.

Conclusion
Detection of the aberrant DAPK hypermethylation in tumor DNA from patients with NSCLC may provide an effective means for early auxiliary diagnosis of the malignancy but cannot distinguish between the histopathological types.
Evaluation of endoprosthetic reconstruction after distal femoral bone-tumor resection
Authors: Eltregy Sherif A , Bayoumy Sayed M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Endoprosthetic reconstruction is considered a reliable reconstructive option after periarticular tumor resection as it provides component modularity, improved fixation, near-anatomic appearance, and good functional outcomes. This study aimed at evaluation of the outcomes of the cemented modular distal femoral tumor prosthesis after wide intra-articular resection of aggressive or malignant bone tumors.

Patients and methods
The mean age of the patients was 29.77 years. There were 12 males and six females. The final diagnosis was osteosarcoma in 13 patients, giant-cell tumor in three patients, and chondrosarcoma in two patients. All patients with osteosarcoma received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Wide intra-articular tumor resection was done through the anteromedial approach of the femur with reconstruction by cemented modular endoprosthesis.

Results
One patient died with pulmonary metastasis. The 5-year cumulative patient-survival rate was 88.88% and 5-year cumulative implant-survival rate was 93.65%. Local recurrence occurred in one (5.5%) patient, while distant metastasis occurred in another. Both of those patients died and were consequently excluded from further statistical work. The mean functional score, the modified Musculoskeletal Tumor Society rating scale, was 73.7%. Complications occurred in five (27.7%) patients. One (5.5%) patient had had a deep infection with failure of reconstruction requiring two-staged revision. There were four cases of superficial wound infection that were successfully treated conservatively. There was no aseptic loosening, periprosthetic fracture or dislocation, soft-tissue problem, or vascular impairment in the operated limb till the final follow-up.

Conclusion
Modular prosthetic reconstruction after wide resection of aggressive and malignant bone tumors of distal femur offers satisfactory clinical and functional outcomes as it allows immediate postoperative stability, early mobilization, and rehabilitation, with reasonable complication rate. Level of evidence: IV case series.
Smartphone application: a solution for the follow-up of patients with primary hip arthroplasty during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Shafik Ahmed M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Since the appearance of coronavirus disease-2019, the challenge is how to follow the recommendations of the WHO, which stressed the importance of social distancing to avoid infection and at the same time provides satisfactory medical services. This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of the WhatsApp social media program in the postoperative follow-up of patients with primary hip arthroplasty at the time of the pandemic.

Patients and methods
This is a prospective, randomized, comparative study carried out on 167 patients with primary hip arthroplasty. The follow-ups were delivered by a group on the WhatsApp program for all patients. Later on, a reassessment was done by a routine clinical visit. The authors recorded overall satisfaction and time consumption for each method. In addition, any missed clinical or radiological signs during the electronic method.

Results
The electronic visit recorded better satisfaction (96.35 ± 3.21), and less time consumption (39.11 ± 6.41) with no reported missed major clinical or radiological signs in comparison to the routine follow-up. Patients over 50 years, those with an educational level above high school, and patients with a travel distance greater than 100 km recorded statistically significant more satisfaction scores with an electronic visit in comparison to routine visits.

Conclusion
WhatsApp application could be an acceptable and satisfactory tool to follow-up patients with primary hip arthroplasty, and it could be a safe alternative to usual clinical visits at the time of the pandemic.
Awareness about Medico Legal Knowledge and Consumer Protection Act (CPA) among Undergraduate Students Perusing Bachelors of Dental Surgery in Jammu, J and K, India
Authors: Singh Malvika , Jamwal Manju 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Dentistry is a noble profession, but there is also growing anxiety both within the dental profession and in the community regarding the increasing trends of complaints and lawsuits against doctors. Knowledge about medicolegal issues is as fundamental to the practice of medicine as the clinical skills.

Aim:
The aim behind performing this study was to evaluate the knowledge of medicolegal issues and consumer protection act among undergraduate students perusing Bachelors of Dental Surgery in Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir (J and K), India.

Subjects and Methods:
A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted among undergraduates and interns in Institute of Dental Sciences Jammu, J and K between May 2021 and June 2021; students were asked about the knowledge regarding medico-legal laws and consumer protection act in a questionnaire.

Statistical Analysis:
The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software 22 version (IBM SPSS Statistics, Chicago). Descriptive statistics were performed.

Results:
While analyzing the familiarity of terms such as medical negligence, all (100%) students were aware about the same, but only 38.58% could correctly answer question regarding medical negligence. Nearly 84.10% of students knew about Consumer Protection Act (CPA), but all of them (100%) felt that they should be taught about medicolegal cases and negligence by legal professionals as they had never been taught about the same in detail.

Conclusion:
The above study shows that the knowledge and awareness in medical law and ethics for clinical students of dentistry have not been properly understood by the students and the same should be taught to them by legal professionals.
Serous Cystadenoma with Ectopic Adrenal Cell Rest of Ovary
Authors: Singh Yasmeen , Bharti Jyotsna Naresh , Vishnoi Jeewan Ram 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Ectopic adrenal tissue is an uncommon entity in females. It is usually seen in male children, and the commonly involved sites are the kidney, retroperitoneum, spermatic cord, and paratesticular region. The ectopic adrenal gland in adults has been described in few studies only. Ectopic adrenal tissue was diagnosed as an incidental finding in histopathological examination of serous cystadenoma of the ovary. A 44-year-old female presented with a complaint of vague abdominal discomfort for the past few months. Ultrasound was suggestive of a left ovarian complex cystic lesion. The histopathological examination revealed serous cystadenoma with ectopic adrenal cell rest. Here, we present this case as it is a rare finding incidentally detected in a patient being operated on for a different pathology.