bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Labral Reconstruction via Capsular Augmentation Maintains Perfusion to the Acetabular Labrum and Locally Transferred Autograft
Authors: Cherian Nathan J. , Eberlin Christopher T. , Kucharik Michael P. , Abraham Paul F. , Nazal Mark R. , Dean Michael C. , Martin Scott D. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of arthroscopic labral repair with capsular augmentation on blood flow in vivo with use of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) to measure microvascular perfusion of the labrum and autograft tissue.

Methods:
The present prospective case series included patients ≥18 years old who underwent arthroscopic acetabular labral repair with capsular augmentation; all procedures were performed by a single surgeon between 2018 and 2022. The LDF probe measured microvascular blood flow flux within 1 mm3 of the surrounding labral and capsular tissue of interest. Mean baseline measurements of flux were compared with readings immediately following capsular elevation and after completing labral augmentation. Blood flux changes were expressed as the percent change from the baseline measurements.

Results:
The present study included 41 patients (24 men [58.5%] and 17 women [41.5%]) with a mean age (and standard deviation) of 31.3 ± 8.4 years, a mean BMI of 24.6 ± 3.4 kg/m2, a mean lateral center-edge of angle 35.3° ± 4.9°, a mean Tönnis angle of 5.8° ± 5.8°, and a mean arterial pressure of 93.7 ± 10.9 mm Hg. Following capsular elevation, the mean percent change in capsular blood flow flux was significantly different from baseline (−9.24% [95% confidence interval (CI), −18.1% to −0.04%]; p < 0.001). Following labral augmentation, the mean percent change in labral blood flow flux was significantly different from baseline both medially (−22.3% [95% CI, −32.7% to −11.9%]; p < 0.001) and laterally (−32.5% [95% CI, −41.5% to −23.6%]; p = 0.041). There was no significant difference between the changes in medial and lateral perfusion following repair (p = 0.136).

Conclusions:
Labral repair with capsular augmentation sustains a reduced blood flow to the native labrum and capsular tissue at the time of fixation. The biological importance of this reduction is unknown, but these findings may serve as a benchmark for other labral preservation techniques and support future correlations with clinical outcomes.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Ultrasensitive monolithic dopamine microsensors employing vertically aligned carbon nanofibers.
Authors: Meng Lingju , Akhoundian Maedeh , Al-Azawi Anas , Shoja Yalda , Meinander Kristoffer , Suihkonen Sami , Franssila Sami 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Brain-on-Chip devices, which enable on-chip cultures of neurons to simulate brain functions, are receiving tremendous attention from both fundamental and clinical research. Thus, microsensors are being developed to accomplish real-time monitoring of neurotransmitters, which are the benchmarks for neuron network operation. Electrochemical sensors are promising candidates for detecting a critical neurotransmitter, dopamine. However, current state-of-the-art electrochemical dopamine sensors are suffering from issues like limited sensitivity and cumbersome fabrication. Here, we report a novel route in monolithically microfabricating vertically aligned carbon nanofiber electrochemical dopamine microsensors with an anti-blistering slow cooling process. Thanks to the microfabrication process, we can achieve microsensors with complete insulation and large surface areas. The champion device shows extremely high sensitivity of 4.52×104 µA/µM·cm2 , which is two-orders-of-magnitude higher than current devices, and a highly competitive limit of detection of 0.243 nM. These figures-of-merit will open new windows for applications such as electrochemical recording from a single neuron.
Discrete Wavelet transform based Multiscale Deep CNN cascaded LSTM model for the classification of Brain Tumor
Authors: Annadurai Amrutha , Joseph Benoy , Prusty Manas Ranjan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

A brain tumor denotes an anomalous mass or collection of cells that develops within the brain. We have considered about the three categories of brain tumors among the various 120 categories namely Glioma, Meningioma and Pituitary along with No Tumor. Automated classification of different brain tumor categories using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) brain scans is this paper's unique approach. In our proposed framework, we have introduced a cascade of multiscale deep Convolution Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Network to classify brain tumors using brain tumor MRI image dataset where the source images are first decomposed to extract modes from the MRI images using the Single-level Discrete 2D Wavelet Transform (dwt2) is applied. With the aim of our research, the segmentation of a single MRI image is partitioned into four modes: Contained within the available images are : a diagonal image, a vertical detail image, a horizontal detail image, and an approximation detail image. For the purpose of classifying brain tumours into Glioma, Meningioma, Pituitary, and No Tumour, the evaluated modes are fed into a multiscale deep convolution neural network (CNN) cascaded with an LSTM network. The 2000 image MRI dataset that is publically available is used to assess the proposed deep learning architecture. The outcomes demonstrate that the suggested method attained peak precision of 89.5% for Multi-Nomial classification and 98.5% for two-class classification when utilizing MRI images from the dataset. These accuracies were obtained utilising 5-Fold Cross-Validation (CV) for the Multi-Class scheme and the Hold-Out Validation method for the binary scheme.
Axion Topology in Photonic Crystal Domain Walls
Authors: Devescovi Chiara , Morales-Perez Antonio , Hwang Yoonseok , Garcia-Diez Mikel , Robredo Iñigo , Mañes Juan Luis , Bradlyn Barry , Garcia-Etxarri Aitzol , Vergniory Maia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Axion insulators are 3D magnetic higher-order topological insulators protected by inversion symmetry that exhibit hinge-localized chiral channels and induce quantized topological magnetoelectric effects. Recent research has suggested that axion insulators may be capable of detecting dark-matter axion-like particles by coupling to their axionic excitations. Beyond its fundamental theoretical interest, designing a photonic axion insulator offers the potential to enable the development of magnetically-tunable photonic switch devices through the manipulation of the axionic modes and their chiral propagation using external magnetic fields. Motivated by these facts, in this work, we propose a novel approach to induce axionic band topology in gyrotropic 3D Weyl photonic crystals gapped by supercell modulation. To quantize an axionic angle, we create domain walls across inversion-symmetric photonic crystals, incorporating a phase-obstruction in the supercell modulation of their dielectric elements. This allows us to bind chiral channels on inversion-related hinges, ultimately leading to the realization of an axionic chiral channel of light. Moreover, by controlling the gyrotropic response of the material, we demonstrate a physically accessible way of manipulating the axionic modes through a small external magnetic bias, which provides an effective topological switch between different 1D chiral photonic fiber configurations. Remarkably, the unidirectional axionic hinge states supported by the photonic axion insulator are buried in a fully connected 3D dielectric structure, thereby being protected from radiation through the electromagnetic continuum. As a result, they are highly suitable for applications in guided-light communication, where the preservation and non-reciprocal propagation of photonic signals are of paramount importance.
Turnover Intention and Continuing Professional Development of Rural Doctors from Targeted Admission Medical Education Program in China: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Post-COVID-19 Era
Authors: Wang Jingya , Chen Yijun , Zhang Hongmin , Zhang Jinghua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
China has officially implemented a special free medical education program known as the Targeted Admission Medical Education (TAME) program since 2010. Jiangxi Province, China, is a pioneer and representative of TAME programs. Since retaining TAME doctors remains a challenge, continuing professional development (CPD) is often seen as a viable retention strategy.
Methods
A snowball sampling method was adopted to collect survey responses from 1,369 TAME doctors with 5 to 10 years of work experience in Jiangxi Province, China. Multivariate binary logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationship between TAME doctors' turnover intention and demographic characteristics, work environment characteristics and CPD activities.
Results
Male doctors were less likely to report turnover intention (TI) than females (OR = 0.425, 95% CI: 0.315 to 0.573). Doctors who were the only child in their family had a higher likelihood of TI (OR = 1.892, 95% CI: 1.380 to 2.594), as did those who were married (OR = 2.228, 95% CI: 1.558 to 3.187). Rural doctors whose fathers were farmers were less likely to report TI (OR = 0.410, 95% CI: 0.249 to 0.676), and a similar effect was seen for mothers who worked on farms. The highest TI effects were identified among those had pursued continuing professional development in a degree program (OR = 6.927, 95% CI: 3.378 to 14.208) and had training in a higher-level institution totally for more than three months (OR = 2.848, 95% CI: 1.934 to 4.195).
Conclusion
The study found that rural doctors in China who are active in continuous professional development (CPD), particularly among those pursuing a degree program, have highest turnover intention. To effectively improve retention, it is crucial to consider a comprehensive approach that considers the unique challenges faced by rural doctors. To retain high-quality rural doctors developed through a specially designed free medical education program, it is necessary to provide competitive wages that match their professional skills, as reflected by their continuing professional development. The retention rate may be further improved by selecting students with strong rural connections and confirming their parents' engagement in farming. Additionally, work-life balance can be enhanced by considering their work location preferences, facilitating convenient fulfillment of family commitments.
Individualized Coexpression Network Strategies Employing Transcriptomic Data to Address Challenges in Stratification
Authors: Latapiat Verónica , Pedroso Inti , Saez Mauricio , Martin Alberto J. M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The traditional network approach in gene expression analysis focuses on identifying relationships among gene expression patterns and associating them with metadata. In contrast, individualized coexpression networks offer a unique perspective by detecting underlying differences in gene expression datasets without known classifications, enabling sample stratification and providing insights into distinct phenotypes. This study aims to identify the strengths and limitations of two main approaches for generating individualized networks to study heterogeneous populations using easily accessible gene expression data. Two distinct families of methods were compared: the first method, based on statistical dependency and commonly used in single-cell genomics, successfully distinguished cell types in various datasets. The second approach, difference of correlation, has been applied to different cancer types and metabolic networks. We used two datasets with known classifications to experiment with scenarios where individualized networks apply. The evaluation involved neuronal cell types and breast cancer datasets. Our results revealed significant differences between the two approaches, suggesting dependencies on sample size, which determine the optimal method for specific applications. Through these evaluations, the dependency method demonstrated superior performance in capturing cell type variations and patient stratification compared to the difference correlation method. Nevertheless, both methods have limitations, including the need for multiple samples to assess correlations and potential challenges in handling heterogeneous sample groups. Individualized coexpression network methods offer valuable insights into biological systems, aiding in cell type classification, disease stratification, and personalized medicine applications. The results indicate their potential for precision medicine; however, researchers should consider their limitations and applicability to specific data types. Addressing sample diversity and size challenges will be pivotal in maximizing the benefits of individualized coexpression networks for future research and clinical applications.
Comparison of medium efficacy of external fixation and internal plate fixation in the treatment of distal radius Type C
Authors: Jiao Zhichao , Gao Binli , Gao Bo , Lin Sen , Liu Qingliang , Liu Wei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Technique
To compare the short-term and mid-term effects of open reduction and internal plate fixation and external fixation for type C fracture of distal radius.Sixty confirmed cases in our hospital were collected and divided into plate internal fixation group (VLP group) and external fixation group (EF group). The time of operation was recorded, and the time of fracture healing in the two groups was recorded at 3 days, 3 months and 1 year after the operation, respectively. The wrist function of patients was scored and statistically analyzed.
Results
Both groups were followed up for 12 months.The operation time of EF group was significantly shorter than that of VLP group, which was statistically significant. The incidence of complications in VLP group was higher than that in EF group, but the difference was not statistically significant.Palmar inclination Angle, ulnar declination Angle and radial styloid height in VLP group were better than those in EF group, but the differences were not statistically significant.The good and good rate of wrist joint function in EF group was higher than that in VLP group, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions
1. The results showed no significant difference between the two treatments.2. The operative time and fracture healing time of the external fixator group were shorter than those of the plate internal fixator group, and the incidence of complications was lower.3. Plate internal fixation is more conducive to the functional recovery of the wrist in the short term.
Geotechnical, Geochemical and Mineralogical Evaluation of Mine Spoils of the Jos- Bukuru Tin Field, Central Nigeria: Implications for Utilization as Road Construction Material.
Authors: DAKU SUNDAY SANI , Igwe Ogbonnaya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The use of locally available and accessible soils for the construction of roads, has become necessary due to the high cost associated with the procurement of soils with good engineering features. A geotechnical, geochemical and mineralogical approach has been adopted to evaluate the mine spoils of the Jos – Bukuru tin field for road construction. X–ray diffraction analysis indicates that mineral phases in the soil are quartz (77.38%), kaolinite (18.70%), hematite (1.57%), rutile (0.42%), goethite (1.56%), gibbsite (0.31%), and a negligible amount of montmorillonite (0.06%) which suggests that the undesirable problem of swelling and shrinking of the soil when utilized for road construction will not be expected. The geochemical test result shows that the investigated soils based on the silica–sesquioxide ratio are residual soils that are not ‘’true laterites’’ and have an average composition of 71.81 wt. % of SiO2, 17.56 wt.% of Al2O3, 9.03 wt. % of Fe2O3, 0.86 wt. % of TiO2 0.07 wt. % of P2O5 and less than 0.05% of CaO, MgO, K2O, MnO and Na2O. The oxides of silica, iron and aluminum help in cementing or binding the soil particles together. The results of geotechnical investigation show that the soils are poorly graded with an average fine (silt and clay) composition of 56.03%, California bearing ratio (CBR) of 34.64%, maximum dry density (MDD) of 1.65g/cm3, optimum moisture content (OMC) of 18.99%, angle of internal friction (ɸ) of 12.15O, cohesion of 30.77 KN/M2 and coefficient of permeability of 1.24x10− 3 mm/sec respectively. The Atterberg consistency limit shows that the liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index and linear shrinkage values have averages of 38.68%, 23.16%, 15.53% and 10.33% respectively. This investigation revealed that the soils can be utilized as subgrade in road construction and as sub-base only when adequately compacted. This is due to the high percentage of fines and plasticities of the soil.
Does attachment to a family physician reduce emergency department visits? A difference-in-differences analysis of Quebec’s centralized waiting lists for unattached patients
Authors: Smithman Mélanie Ann , Breton Mylaine , Haggerty Jeannie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Patients without a regular primary care provider – unattached patients – are more likely to visit hospital emergency departments (ED), leading to poor patient and health system outcomes. In many Canadian provinces, policy responses to improve primary care access and reduce ED utilization of unattached patients have included centralized waiting lists to help find a primary care provider and formal attachment (rostering, empanelment, enrollment, registration) to a family physician. While previous work suggests attachment improves access and continuity of primary care (1), it is unknown whether this translates into fewer ED visits. The aim of this study was to determine whether the rate of emergency department visits significantly decreases in patients attached to a family physician through Quebec’s centralized waiting lists for unattached patients.
Methods
We used a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences approach, studying patients attached through Quebec’s centralized waiting lists in 2012–2014. We used administrative medical services physicians’ billing data from the Régie de l’Assurance Maladie du Québec (RAMQ). Attachment was determined based on fee codes used to formalize attachment. We compared the change in the rate of emergency department visits over two 12-month periods, for ‘exposed’ patients who became attached (n = 207,669) and ‘control’ patients who remained unattached during the study period (n = 90,637). To balance baseline patient characteristics in the exposed and control cohorts, we calculated a propensity score including age, sex, Charlson-co-morbidity index, medical vulnerability, and region remoteness and performed inverse probability of treatment weighting. We used descriptive statistics and estimated negative binomial regression models, fitted with generalized estimating equations.
Results
After weighting, cohorts had similar characteristics (standardized differences < 10%). Attached (exposed) patients’ mean annual ED visits decreased from 0.60 to 0.49 (18.3%) following attachment, while unattached (control) patients’ increased from 0.54 to 0.69 (27.8%). The difference-in-differences estimate (Time period*exposure) showed a significant 36% relative reduction (IRR = 0.64, p < 0.001) in the rate of ED visits for patients who were attached, compared to patients who remained unattached on the centralized waiting lists during the study period.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that attachment to a family physician through centralized waiting lists for unattached patients significantly reduces the rate of ED utilization.
Irrigation Combines with Nitrogen Application to Optimize Soil Carbon and Nitrogen, Increase Maize Yield, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency
Authors: Li Zhenwei , Wang Gui Yang , Khan Kashif , Yang Li , Wang Yong , Chi Yu Xin , Zhou Xunbo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aim and methods Staged water shortages and excessive nitrogen application lead to a decline in crop yield, and nitrogen loss, waste of resources and environmental pollution. In order to explore the appropriate water management in humid areas and to determine an efficient nitrogen rates for maize, we conducted a field experiment (2020-2021), with five nitrogen rates N0, N150, N200, N250, N300 (0, 150, 200, 250, 300 kg ha-1) under different water conditions (rainfed and irrigated).
Conclusion Consequently, under the irrigated conditions, the soil organic matter (SOM), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), dry matter accumulation and grain yield were significantly (P < 0.05) increased by 8.06%, 15.50%, 11.43% and 13.86%, respectively, compared with the rainfed conditions. And the total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) decreased significantly by 4.38%, 8.28%, 13.21%, respectively. Furthermore, compared with other nitrogen rates, N250 and N300 combined with irrigated significantly (P < 0.05) increased soil carbon and nitrogen content, dry matter accumulation and grain yield. However, N250 and N300 displayed no significant difference (P > 0.05) in TN, NO3--N, NH4+-N, SOM, MBC, dry matter accumulation and grain yield. Moreover, under the irrigated conditions, when the nitrogen rates increased more than 250 kg ha-1, the nitrogen use efficiency decreased. Hence, application of nitrogen rates of 250 kg ha-1 under irrigated conditions is the best choice to increase grain yield, improve nitrogen use efficiency, and ensuring safe and efficient production in maize.
Enhancing Noise Control System Design with Precise Flow Resistivity Estimation in Multilayer Porous Materials
Authors: Sadouki Mustapha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a computational technique for estimating the equivalent flow resistivity in multilayer rigid porous materials, specifically for use in acoustic insulation systems. Existing models can predict sound transmission through individual layers, but lack a direct analytical link between the flow resistivity of multilayer materials and the properties of individual layers. To remedy this, the study makes use of equivalent fluid theory, which takes into account visco-inertial interactions between the material structure and the interstitial fluid. By establishing simplified expressions for the transmission coefficient of a bilayer medium under low-frequency Darcy conditions, the paper proposes a unique estimation approach. In addition, it derives a succinct law relating the resistivity of the bilayer medium to the resistivity and thickness of each layer, which extends to multilayer configurations. Experimental validation with bilayer samples demonstrates substantial agreement between the equivalent flux resistivity obtained directly and the theoretically predicted values, with relative errors ranging from 3–18%. The importance of the paper lies in its practical impact on acoustic insulation systems, for which accurate predictions of acoustic performance are crucial. The research proposes an efficient and reliable method for estimating equivalent flow resistivity, offering an alternative to labor-intensive experimental techniques and software. This contributes to acoustics by enabling accurate prediction and characterization of the acoustic properties of multilayer porous materials, facilitating the design of effective noise control systems.