bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data plantation: Northern Virginia and the territorialization of digital civilization in “the Internet Capital of the World”
Authors: Rosati Clayton , James Aju , Metcalf Kathryne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeThe development of the Northern VA and the Washington, DC metro area as a key node in the globalizing digital urban system is well established. This essay investigates the growth of that technological geography in the 1990s and 2000s as a part of the planetary epoch of human transformation that some have called the “Plantationocene” (vs. Anthropocene).ApproachA historical and critical interpretive analysis of race, landscape, and technology policy in the Northern VA area.FindingsThe paper establishes the region’s social attachments to its “bucolic” agrarian landscape, rooted in the US Civil War and vast inequalities of the reimposition of the plantation as an “afterlife of slavery” after Reconstruction’s failure. It then suggests that the conditions of the plantation economy within a kind of digital plantation economy—featuring resource monopolies, extractive forms of exploitation, and monocrop “ecologies”—based on the “Server Farming” (aka, data center) industry through which some 70 % of the world’s Internet traffic flows. It looks at this digital aspect of the Plantationocene as post-Bellum and insurgent, in which the manipulation of history, the accumulation and control of ‘arable’ (digital) land, and the dispossession of social processes under quasi-feudalistic property rights encourage unequal, unsustainable, and often violent cultures and political ecologies.Practical implicationsResearchers considering digital urbanism might use this approach to understand online and offline geographies of the contemporary media industry.Social implicationsIt treats the contemporary anti-government and ethno-nationalist movements growing in digital mediation as part of a much longer and unsettled planetary conflict over the plantation system, racialized social inequality, and the abolition of slavery.Originality/valueWhile some work on “data colonialism” implicitly connects digital urbanism to the mostly agriculturally-focused work on the Plantationocene, this essay makes the connection explicit, place-based in specific historical-geographical contexts, and focused on the roles of specific political economic actors.
“Multilingual islands in the monolingual sea”: Foreign languages in the South Korean linguistic landscape
Authors: Fedorova Kapitolina , Nam Hye Hyun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe article aims at analyzing data on the South Korean linguistic landscape, with a focus on multilingual practices and different dimensions of language use, sets of norms, and ideological constructs underling particular linguistic choices. It is based on the analysis of a data set of over 800 digital photos of various signs and advertisements as well as necessary metadata gathered in 2018–2020 in four different urban contexts. The data, on the one hand, reflect recent changes favoring multilingualism; on the other hand, they demonstrate pragmatic inequality of other languages than Korean in public use. This inequality, however, is represented differently in certain spatial urban contexts; while commodified English tends to function as a substitution for other foreign languages and as an emblem of “foreignness,” agentivity of new ethnically diverse speakers creates “multilingual islands,” and that process can at some point challenge the dominance of monolingual ideology.
EEG Decoding Reveals Neural Predictions for Naturalistic Material Behaviors
Authors: Kaiser Daniel , Stecher Rico , Doerschner Katja 
Published: June 2023

Material properties, such as softness or stickiness, determine how an object can be used. Based on our real-life experience, we form strong expectations about how objects should behave under force, given their typical material properties. Such expectations have been shown to modulate perceptual processes, but we currently do not know how expectation influences the temporal dynamics of the cortical visual analysis for objects and their materials. Here, we tracked the neural representations of expected and unexpected material behaviors using time-resolved EEG decoding in a violation-of-expectation paradigm, where objects fell to the ground and deformed in expected or unexpected ways. Participants were 25 men and women. Our study yielded three key results: First, both objects and materials were represented rapidly and in a temporally sustained fashion. Second, objects exhibiting unexpected material behaviors were more successfully decoded than objects exhibiting expected behaviors within 190 ms after the impact, which might indicate additional processing demands when expectations are unmet. Third, general signals of expectation fulfillment that generalize across specific objects and materials were found within the first 150 ms after the impact. Together, our results provide new insights into the temporal neural processing cascade that underlies the analysis of real-world material behaviors. They reveal a sequence of predictions, with cortical signals progressing from a general signature of expectation fulfillment toward increased processing of unexpected material behaviors.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn the real world, we can make accurate predictions about how an object's material shapes its behavior: For instance, we know that cups are typically made of porcelain and shatter when we accidentally drop them. Here, we use EEG to experimentally test how expectations about material behaviors impact neural processing. We showed our participants videos of objects that exhibited expected material behaviors (e.g., a glass shattering when falling to the ground) or unexpected material behaviors (e.g., a glass melting on impact). Our results reveal a hierarchy of predictions in cortex: The visual system rapidly generates signals that index whether expectations about material behaviors are met. These signals are followed by increased processing of objects displaying unexpected material behaviors.
The Amyloid Precursor Protein Regulates Synaptic Transmission at Medial Perforant Path Synapses
Authors: Lenz Maximilian , Eichler Amelie , Kruse Pia , Galanis Christos , Kleidonas Dimitrios , Andrieux Geoffroy , Boerries Melanie , Jedlicka Peter , Müller Ulrike , Deller Thomas , Vlachos Andreas 
Published: June 2023

The perforant path provides the primary cortical excitatory input to the hippocampus. Because of its important role in information processing and coding, entorhinal projections to the dentate gyrus have been studied in considerable detail. Nevertheless, synaptic transmission between individual connected pairs of entorhinal stellate cells and dentate granule cells remains to be characterized. Here, we have used mouse organotypic entorhino-hippocampal tissue cultures of either sex, in which the entorhinal cortex (EC) to dentate granule cell (GC; EC–GC) projection is present, and EC–GC pairs can be studied using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. By using cultures of wild-type mice, the properties of EC–GC synapses formed by afferents from the lateral and medial entorhinal cortex were compared, and differences in short-term plasticity were identified. As the perforant path is severely affected in Alzheimer's disease, we used tissue cultures of amyloid precursor protein (APP)–deficient mice to examine the role of APP at this synapse. APP deficiency altered excitatory neurotransmission at medial perforant path synapses, which was accompanied by transcriptomic and ultrastructural changes. Moreover, presynaptic but not postsynaptic APP deletion through the local injection of Cre-expressing adeno-associated viruses in conditionalAPPflox/floxtissue cultures increased the neurotransmission efficacy at perforant path synapses. In summary, these data suggest a physiological role for presynaptic APP at medial perforant path synapses that may be adversely affected under altered APP processing conditions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe hippocampus receives input from the entorhinal cortex via the perforant path. These projections to hippocampal dentate granule cells are of utmost importance for learning and memory formation. Although there is detailed knowledge about perforant path projections, the functional synaptic properties at the level of individual connected pairs of neurons are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the role of APP in mediating functional properties and transmission rules in individually connected neurons using paired whole-cell patch-clamp recordings and genetic tools in organotypic tissue cultures. Our results show that presynaptic APP expression limits excitatory neurotransmission via the perforant path, which could be compromised in pathologic conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.
Frequency of and Risk Factors Associated With Hospital Readmission After Sepsis
Authors: Dashefsky Hannah S. , Liu Hongyan , Hayes Katie , Griffis Heather , Vaughan Melissa , Chilutti Marianne , Balamuth Fran , Stinson Hannah R. , Fitzgerald Julie C. , Carlton Erin F. , Weiss Scott L. 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES
Although children who survive sepsis are at risk for readmission, identification of patient-level variables associated with readmission has been limited by administrative datasets. We determined frequency and cause of readmission within 90 days of discharge and identified patient-level variables associated with readmission using a large, electronic health record-based registry.

METHODS
This retrospective observational study included 3464 patients treated for sepsis or septic shock between January 2011 and December 2018 who survived to discharge at a single academic children’s hospital. We determined frequency and cause of readmission through 90 days post-discharge and identified patient-level variables associated with readmission. Readmission was defined as inpatient treatment within 90 days post-discharge from a prior sepsis hospitalization. Outcomes were frequency of and reasons for 7-, 30-, and 90-day (primary) readmission. Patient variables were tested for independent associations with readmission using multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS
Following index sepsis hospitalization, frequency of readmission at 7, 30, and 90 days was 7% (95% confidence interval 6%–8%), 20% (18%–21%), and 33% (31%–34%). Variables independently associated with 90-day readmission were age ≤ 1 year, chronic comorbid conditions, lower hemoglobin and higher blood urea nitrogen at sepsis recognition, and persistently low white blood cell count ≤ 2 thous/µL. These variables explained only a small proportion of overall risk (pseudo-R2 range 0.05–0.13) and had moderate predictive validity (area under the receiver operating curve range 0.67–0.72) for readmission.

CONCLUSIONS
Children who survive sepsis were frequently readmitted, most often for infections. Risk for readmission was only partly indicated by patient-level variables.
Propagation of the Weyl spinor packet through a potential barrier
Authors: Skalozub V. , Yarlik V. 
Published: June 2023

We investigate the propagation of the Weyl spinor wave packet through a rectangular potential barrier. The coefficients of the reflection and transition are calculated. It is discovered that the Hartman effect, known in nonrelativistic case, is absent. The spinor could not exceed speed of light in the quantum tunneling. This is due to the simple dispersion relation for the relativistic massless particle.
Effective Hamiltonian for the system of the electromagnetic field and charged particles
Authors: Sokolovsky A. I. 
Published: June 2023

A classical system of point charged particles and electromagnetic field is investigated in the general formulation, in which there is no direct interaction of the particles with each other. Particles are assumed to be non-relativistic for research simplicity. The point of view is defended that gauge choice determines the physical picture of processes in the system. The idea of extended gauge, in which scalar φk and longitudinal part Alnk of the vector potentials transform separately for large and small wave numbers, is proposed. Moreover, in the new gauge φk ≠ 0 only when k ≥ k0 and Alnk ≠ 0 only when k ≤ k0 , where k0 is a certain wave number. This greatly simplifies the study of the system dynamics, in which the transversecomponents Atnk of the vector potential are taken into account and do not change at the gauge transformation. Basing on the extended gauge idea, it is established that the system has a massive oscillatory mode described by a transverse potential Atnk and an oscillatory mod described by a longitudinal potential Alnk with the laws of dispersion (ωk2 + ω02 )1/2 і ω0, respectively (ωk = ck is the dispersion law for electromagnetic waves in vacuum, and ω0 is the plasma frequency). These modes can be called electromagnetic and plasma ones. At the same time, effective interaction between charged particles is introduced, which describes the screening effect. A connection of our work with Bohm and Pines investigations related to the presence of plasma modes in a Coulomb system, in which they do not use idea of gauge transformations, is analyzed.
Influence of coordination environment and dielectric contrast on the spectral-luminescent properties of europium ions in the pores of film opals
Authors: Moiseyenko V. M. , Gavrilyak V. R. , Derhachov M. P. , Mukharovska V. S. 
Published: June 2023

The photoluminescence spectra of the inorganic salt of europium C6H9EuO6 × H2O in the pores of film opals, with globule diameter D ≈ 300 nm on a glass substrate, were measured. In the measured spectra the radiative transitions in the energy spectrum of Eu3+ 5D0→7F0, 5D0→7F1, and 5D0→7F2 were observed at wavelength 580 nm, 592 nm and 617 nm, respectively. The presence in the luminescence spectra of the maximum possible number of components of the Stark structure of the 5D0→7FJ (J=1–2) transitions, equal to 2J+1, and the high intensity of the 5D0 → 7F0 transition indicate that the symmetry of the luminescence centers is low, not higher than C3. The dependence of the luminescence spectra on the additional impregnation of the samples with glycerol was established: smoothing of the Stark structure and broadening of the 5D0→7F2 band were observed, as well as a decrease in the ratio of integrated intensities I(5D0→ 7F2 ) / I(5D0 →7F1) from 3.6 to 1.9.
Computational study of electronic-vibrational spectrum of rotamers of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole
Authors: Syetov Y. A. , Moiseyenko V. M. 
Published: June 2023

UV-vis absorption spectrum of internally hydrogen-bonded enol structures of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole is calculated for the transitions to the first excited state using the Franck-Condon approximation and harmonic model for vibrations. It is shown that the absorption spectrum of the structure with the hydrogen bond OH...O is shifted to larger energy by about 0.13 eV compared to the spectrum of the most stable structure with the hydrogen bond OH...N. The largest intensity of vibronic transitions to the first electronic state of the OH...O structure demonstrates high-frequency vibrations involving deformation mode of the oxazole ring, stretching of the both aromatic rings, and stretching of the bond linking the benzoxazole and phenyl moieties.
Measuring the reflection of electromagnetic waves from foam structures of varied foaming ratio
Authors: Drobakhin O. O. , L.A. Filins’kyy L. A. 
Published: June 2023

A specific multi-frequency technique for measuring the reflectivity of constantly collapsing foam structures of varied initial foam ratio is developed. A measuring and computing complex implemented the technique is used. It operates in the microwave range from 38 to 52 GHz. Dynamic foam structures with an initial foaming ratio of 55, 108, and 156 units in the form of flat-layered foam samples with a fixed thickness are under measurement. It is shown that the use of foam structure covering allows to reduce the reflection of electromagnetic waves from metal surfaces significantly. The obtained measurement results confirm the possibility of measuring dynamic foam structures, and this technique makes it possible to separate reflections from the front and back faces of the samples, which is very important for the study of the syneresis processes of the foaming liquid and the destruction of foam structures. The results are useful for studying the radiophysical characteristics of foams and for developers of new foaming agents for various applications where electromagnetic waves are used.
A vizuális tulajdonságok mentén kiugró ingerek hatása az inger- és célvezérelt figyelmi folyamatokra: szisztematikus áttekintés
Authors: Pakai-Stecina Diána Tünde , Zsidó N. András 
Published: June 2023

Háttér és célkitűzésekA figyelmi megragadás ingervezérelt és célvezérelt folyamatok által szabályozott működése a mai napig számos kérdést vet fel. A kiugró ingerek szerepe a figyelmi mechanizmusokban egyértelműen fontos, de továbbra is vitatott jelenség, az ingervezérelt és célvezérelt figyelmi mechanizmusok működéséről ellentmondásos elméletek és eredmények születtek az elmúlt évtizedekben. Szisztematikus áttekintő tanulmányunk célja a témában megjelenő kutatási eredmények rendszerezése és áttekintése, illetve az eredmények alapján a figyelmi folyamatokkal kapcsolatos megfelelő következtetések levonása.MódszerKutatásunk során az APA PsycNet keresőprogram segítségével 14 angol nyelvű cikket gyűjtöttünk össze, melyek 33 vizsgálatot tartalmaztak. Az alábbi feltételek számítottak bekerülési kritériumnak: (1) tudományos (lektorált) folyóiratcikk, (2) empirikus tanulmány (nem áttekintés vagy metaanalízis), (3) fiatal felnőtt (18–30 éves) humán minta, (4) átlagos, egészséges minta, (5) a vizsgálatok viselkedéses és/vagy pszichofiziológiás adatokat közöltek a témában.EredményekA szisztematikus áttekintő tanulmányunk eredményei szerint a figyelmi folyamatok alakulásában számos tényező mediálhatja az ingervezérelt és célvezérelt folyamatok interakcióját, mint például a kiugró ingerek színe, a bemutatásuk ideje és helye, a célingerrel egy időben megjelenő zavaró ingerek száma.KövetkeztetésekA célvezérelt figyelmi kontroll megvalósulása ugyan lehetséges, de számos feltételnek teljesülnie kell hozzá. Ha az egyszerre bemutatott ingerek száma meghaladja a négyet, illetve a célingerrel megegyező színű, vagy ahhoz hasonló zavaró inger is megjelenik a keresési mezőben, az ingervezérelt folyamatok gátlása nem lehetséges.
Preliminary assessment of microplastic pollution in commercial freshwater fish species collected from four districts in Bac Ninh province
Authors: Mai Huong , Ngo Thi Thao Nhi , Nguyen Danh Thien , Bui Van Hoi , Dao Thanh Duong , Dang Thi Thom , Do Van Manh 
Published: June 2023

Microplastics (MPs) are of emerging widespread concern, but amount of research done in freshwater environments and organisms is scarce compared to that in marine environments. Thus, the MPs identification in four freshwater fish at four districts of Bac Ninh province were documented, including
common carp (Cyprynus carpio), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and red-tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). MPs were found in the gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of 100% of examined fish. MPs abundances have significant differences between all freshwater fish collected from ponds and local markets (except for red-tilapia), while no difference by individual of each species neither in pond nor in local markets. The median sizes of microplastics ranged from 1410 µm to 2706 µm. The MPs were dominated by purple in color (in pond with average 38%; in local market with average 33%). µ-FTIR analysis showed that polymers found in fish GIT mainly were polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene and nylon. These results showed that the microplastics was widely ingested by freshwater fish and help to aware people which fish are more contaminated with MPs to human consumption in Bac Ninh province.
Comunicación para la prevención de cáncer de piel: un análisis del uso de Facebook para la comunicación de salud en España
Authors: Jiménez Sánchez Lara , Moreno Ángeles , Zeler Ileana 
Published: June 2023

El cáncer de piel es uno de los tipos de cáncer más letales en todo el mundo. En España, se espera un aumento en la incidencia y mortalidad si no se toman medidas adecuadas para educar a la población sobre la importancia de la fotoprotección. En este contexto, las redes sociales se han convertido en un canal de información crucial para la promoción de hábitos saludables. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer el contenido de la comunicación de fotoprevención difundida en Facebook en España por las principales organizaciones comprometidas con esta labor. Se ha empleado la teoría de la agenda setting de primer y segundo nivel para explorar los contenidos emitidos en 2022 durante el periodo de campañas de prevención en los perfiles de redes sociales de estas organizaciones. Los hallazgos muestran una prevalencia de contenidos sobre fotoprotección (34,4%) y un encuadre mayoritario centrado en causas del cáncer de piel (55,4%).
Exploring Teacher Professional Development’s Perceptions of English Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Dinata Uray , Bukhori Muhammad , Nur’Afif Sulthon , Atmaja Bhaskara 
Published: June 2023

Teacher perceptions in Teacher Professional Development are very important to make teachers more skilled in teaching, managing classes, and relating to school affairs. The experience gained from Teacher Professional Development will have a big impact on any teacher's activities, it's all because of the useful activities that have been designed in Teacher Professional Development. This study aims to find out teachers' perceptions of Teacher Professional Development and how teachers conduct during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses descriptive research in the qualitative method. The participants of this research were three junior high school English teachers from various places who had participated in Teacher Professional Developments, the schools were SMP Muhammadiyah 5 Yogyakarta, SMP Negeri 1, 3 and 5 in Selakau, West Kalimantan. Data was collected through an Interview. Findings from this research show that there are three perceptions of a teacher towards Teacher Professional Development (TPD) such as TPD can help teachers to assist students in learning language learning theories, TPD is very helpful for developing teachers' abilities and creativity and TPD can make teachers control the classroom situation by both professionally. Furthermore, there are two ways for teachers to participate in a certain Teacher Professional Development during the COVID-19 pandemic, TPD is done online and TPD assignments are given online. This research concludes that every teacher must participate in Teacher Professional Development because this activity brings many benefits to teachers in teaching and managing school affairs.