bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Academics looks on the concept of "merit"
Authors: Demirbilek Nesip 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMerit is a popular social and cultural leitmotif in neoliberal society. It promises justice, equity, and social mobility for all by promoting the ethos that with the right skills, hard work and creativity, anyone can 'climb' the market-based social ladder. The aim of the study is to determine how academics conceptualize and perceive the concept of merit through metaphors. Phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods, and easy accessibility technique, one of the sampling methods with unknown probability, were used in the selection of the study group. The study included 101 academics working at Bingöl University in the 2020–2021 academic year. The metaphor sentence was sent to academics online. "Content analysis" technique was used to analyze the data. In the research, gold and justice metaphors were produced the most. As a result of the research, it was determined that merit is valuable and necessary because it provides justice as it should be given to those who deserve it and is closely related to the development of society. It was also concluded that it is a source of success and productivity because it provides a healthy functioning.
Development of a methodology for predicting landslide hazards at a regional scale
Authors: Richer Blanche , Saeidi Ali , Boivin Maxime , Rouleau Alain , Lévesque Yan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLandslide risk analysis is a common geotechnical evaluation and it aims to protect life and infrastructure. In the case of sensitive clay zones, landslides can affect large areas and are difficult to predict. Here we propose a methodology to determine the landslide hazard across a large territory, and we apply our approach to the Saint-Jean-Vianney area, Quebec, Canada. The initial step consists of creating a 3D model of the surficial deposits of the target area. After creating a chart of the material electrical resistivity adapted for eastern Canada, we applied electric induction to interpret the regional soil. We transposed parameter values obtained from the laboratory to a larger scale, that is to a regional slope using the results of a back analysis undertaken earlier, on a smaller slide within the same area. The regional 3D model of deposits is then used to develop a zonation map of slopes that are at risk and their respective constraint areas with the study region. This approach allowed us to target specific areas where a more precise stability analysis would be required. Our methodology offers an effective tool for stability analysis in territories characterized by the presence of sensitive clays.
Critical design choices in healthcare simulation education: a 4C/ID perspective on design that leads to transfer
Authors: Frerejean Jimmy , van Merriënboer Jeroen J. G. , Condron Claire , Strauch Ulrich , Eppich Walter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare simulation education often aims to promote transfer of learning: the application of knowledge, skills, and attitudes acquired during simulations to new situations in the workplace. Although achieving transfer is challenging, existing theories and models can provide guidance.RecommendationsThis paper provides five general recommendations to design simulations that foster transfer: (1) emphasize whole-task practice, (2) consider a cognitive task analysis, (3) embed simulations within more comprehensive programs, (4) strategically combine and align simulation formats, and (5) optimize cognitive load. We illustrate the application of these five recommendations with a blueprint for an educational program focusing on simulation activities.ConclusionsMore evidence-informed approaches to healthcare simulation might require a paradigm shift. We must accept that a limited number of simulations is not enough to develop complex skills. It requires comprehensive programs that combine simulation sessions with workplace learning.
Team-based learning-adopted strategy in pharmacy education: pharmacology and medicinal chemistry students’ perceptions
Authors: Attia Reem T. , Mandour Asmaa A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Team-based learning (TBL) provides an advanced teaching method for healthcare education; it is characterised by being an interactive teaching session that allows groups of learners to work together in teams to discuss and apply what they have learnt to certain clinical scenarios. The following study aims to evaluate the impact of TBL strategy on the students' comprehension and acquired knowledge, to allow better application and integration of knowledge. The aim of the study was to improve pharmacy students' skills in achieving learning outcomes by adapting TBL pedagogy in the lectures. Students’ feedbacks were collected via post-lecture survey.

Results
The study was applied to pharmacy students covering two courses: Pharmacology III (Level 4) and Medicinal Chemistry I (Level 3) in a period of two-week lectures through the first semester of the academic year 2021/2022 in Future University in Egypt. The selected topics-related preparation materials were previously available on each course moodle page prior to the actual lecture, for the students to get prepared including growth hormone, sex hormones and their associated diseases for the pharmacology course and COVID-19 management for the Medicinal Chemistry course. The TBL lecture was started by dividing the students into teams and then readiness assurance tests were given, as individual readiness assurance test and then team readiness assurance test conceptual test were applied. The assessment of the students’ decision-making skills and problem solving was evaluated through solving-related clinical cases. All the learning outcomes were achieved with maximum participation and interaction via an open discussion between the lecturer and the students during the lecture. A total of 116 students answered the survey and confirmed their satisfaction, better understanding and more participation in TBL lectures compared to other topics taught with the ordinary methods. More than half of the students recommended the TBL method for better perception and participation.

Conclusion
The students felt great appreciation for the team-based lecturing. Also, recommendations and suggestions were directed towards increasing the percentage of TBL lectures in the curriculum, as it helped them to concentrate more with high participation levels.
Objective measurement of prosodic features of speech of hearing-impaired Egyptian children with cochlear implants
Authors: Elhakeem Engy Samy , Elmaghraby Riham Mohamed , Ibrahim Sara Magdy 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Prosody is an important acoustic and linguistic component of speech that greatly contributes to speech intelligibility. Speech of hearing-impaired children shows various deviations from their normal-hearing counterparts due to complex physiological mechanisms.

Methods
Acoustic analysis of the prosodic production of hearing-impaired, cochlear-implanted, Egyptian children, and comparing them to a normal group of normal-hearing peers, using objective measures. Cases group included 30 hearing-impaired verbal children from the age of 6 to 10 years using cochlear implant devices. The controls group included 30 normal-hearing children within the same age range. Recording and analysis of both groups’ speech samples were done using real-time pitch software, generic syllabic rate, and intonation stimulability software.

Results
Significant differences were found between the two studied groups where decreased pitch range, increased loudness variability, increased pause duration, and decreased syllabic rate were found in hearing-impaired children.

Conclusion
Prosodic differences between hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants and normal-hearing children could be measured objectively giving a numeric profile that could be used as a measure to monitor the progress of their speech with therapy.
Indirect Estimation of the Timing of First Union Dissolution With Incomplete Marriage Histories
Authors: John Ben Malinga , Nitsche Natalie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe lack of nationally representative data with detailed marriage histories in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) impedes a comprehensive understanding of essential aspects of union dissolution, such as the timing of first union dissolution, in these countries. We propose a method for estimating quantum-adjusted measures of the timing of first union dissolution from incomplete marriage histories. This method, indirect life table of first union dissolution (ILTUD), estimates the first union survival function from a simple tabulation of ever-married women by duration since first union, classified by union dissolution status (intact vs. dissolved first union). It then uses the relationships between life table functions to generate the distribution of marriages ending each year (θt) for a given marriage cohort. Using this distribution, ILTUD generates quantum-adjusted first union survival rates from which the percentiles of first union dissolution are calculated. ILTUD estimates are consistent with estimates produced using traditional statistical methods, such as the Kaplan–Meier estimator. In addition, ILTUD is simple to implement and has minimal data requirements, which are available in most nationally representative surveys. Thus, the ILTUD method has the potential to broaden our understanding of union dissolution dynamics in LMICs.
The Effects of Nicotine- and Cigarette-Related Products on Osteogenesis, Bone Formation, and Bone Mineralization: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gruber Maxwell D. , Gibbs David , Vignolles-Jeong Joshua , Viljoen Stephanus , Grossbach Andrew J. , Xu David 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Many clinicians associate nicotine as the causative agent in the negative and deleterious effects of smoking on bone growth and spine fusion. Although nicotine is the primary driver of physiological addiction in smoking, isolated and controlled use of nicotine is one of the most effective adjuncts to quitting smoking.

OBJECTIVE:
To explore the relationship between nicotine and noncombustion cigarette products on bone growth.

METHODS:
One thousand five studies were identified, of which 501 studies were excluded, leaving 504 studies available for review. Of note, 52 studies were deemed to be irrelevant. Four hundred fifty-two studies remained for eligibility assessment. Of the remaining 452, 218 failed to assess study outcomes, 169 failed to assess bone biology, 13 assessed 5 patients or fewer, and 12 were deemed to be ineligible of the study criteria. Forty studies remained for inclusion within this systematic review.

RESULTS:
Of the 40 studies identified for inclusion within the study, 30 studies were classified as “Animal Basic Science,” whereas the remaining 10 were categorized as “Human Basic Science.” Of the 40 studies, 11 noted decreased cell proliferation and boney growth, whereas 8 showed an increase. Four studies noted an increase in gene expression products, whereas 11 noted a significant decrease.

CONCLUSION:
The results of this study demonstrate that nicotine has a variety of complex interactions on osteoblast and osteoclastic activities. Nicotine demonstrates dose-dependent effects on osteoblast proliferation, boney growth, and gene expression. Further study is warranted to extrapolate the effects of solitary nicotine on clinical outcomes.
Hacking hematopoiesis – emerging tools for examining variant effects
Authors: Gundry Michael , Sankaran Vijay G. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Hematopoiesis is a continuous process of blood and immune cell production. It is orchestrated by thousands of gene products that respond to extracellular signals by guiding cell fate decisions to meet the needs of the organism. Although much of our knowledge of this process comes from work in model systems, we have learned a great deal from studies on human genetic variation. Considerable insight has emerged from studies on presumed monogenic blood disorders, which continue to provide key insights into the mechanisms critical for hematopoiesis. Furthermore, the emergence of large-scale biobanks and cohorts has uncovered thousands of genomic loci associated with blood cell traits and diseases. Some of these blood cell trait-associated loci act as modifiers of what were once thought to be monogenic blood diseases. However, most of these loci await functional validation. Here, we discuss the validation bottleneck and emerging methods to more effectively connect variant to function. In particular, we highlight recent innovations in genome editing, which have paved the path forward for high-throughput functional assessment of loci. Finally, we discuss existing barriers to progress, including challenges in manipulating the genomes of primary hematopoietic cells.
Heart in a dish – choosing the rightin vitromodel
Authors: Drakhlis Lika , Zweigerdt Robert 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTThe heart is the first functional organ established during embryogenesis. Investigating heart development and disease is a fascinating and crucial field of research because cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, there is great interest in establishing in vitro models for recapitulating both physiological and pathological aspects of human heart development, tissue function and malfunction. Derived from pluripotent stem cells, a large variety of three-dimensional cardiac in vitro models have been introduced in recent years. In this At a Glance article, we discuss the available methods to generate such models, grouped according to the following classification: cardiac organoids, cardiac microtissues and engineered cardiac tissues. For these models, we provide a systematic overview of their applications for disease modeling and therapeutic development, as well as their advantages and limitations to assist scientists in choosing the most suitable model for their research purpose.
The synthetic TRPML1 agonist ML-SA1 rescues Alzheimer-related alterations of the endosomal-autophagic-lysosomal system
Authors: Somogyi Aleksandra , Kirkham Emily D. , Lloyd-Evans Emyr , Winston Jincy , Allen Nicholas D. , Mackrill John J. , Anderson Karen E. , Hawkins Phillip T. , Gardiner Sian E. , Waller-Evans Helen , Sims Rebecca , Boland Barry , O'Neill Cora 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTAbnormalities in the endosomal-autophagic-lysosomal (EAL) system are an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying these abnormalities are unclear. The transient receptor potential channel mucolipin 1(TRPML1, also known as MCOLN1), a vital endosomal-lysosomal Ca2+ channel whose loss of function leads to neurodegeneration, has not been investigated with respect to EAL pathogenesis in late-onset AD (LOAD). Here, we identify pathological hallmarks of TRPML1 dysregulation in LOAD neurons, including increased perinuclear clustering and vacuolation of endolysosomes. We reveal that induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human cortical neurons expressing APOE ε4, the strongest genetic risk factor for LOAD, have significantly diminished TRPML1-induced endolysosomal Ca2+ release. Furthermore, we found that blocking TRPML1 function in primary neurons by depleting the TRPML1 agonist PI(3,5)P2 via PIKfyve inhibition, recreated multiple features of EAL neuropathology evident in LOAD. This included increased endolysosomal Ca2+ content, enlargement and perinuclear clustering of endolysosomes, autophagic vesicle accumulation and early endosomal enlargement. Strikingly, these AD-like neuronal EAL defects were rescued by TRPML1 reactivation using its synthetic agonist ML-SA1. These findings implicate defects in TRPML1 in LOAD EAL pathogenesis and present TRPML1 as a potential therapeutic target.
Ketamine infiltration decreases the need for opioids after thyroid surgery
Authors: Sellami Moncef , Zouche Imen , Ben Ayed Mariam , Bouhali Maroua , Ben Ayed Khadija , Ktata Salma , Hammami Boutheina , Chaabouni Mohamed Amine , Charfeddine Ilhem 
Published: February 2023

Background: Postoperative pain increases the risk of postoperative complications and may predispose patients to chronic post-surgical pain. This study aims to evaluate the impact of ketamine wound infiltration versus placebo at the end of thyroid surgery on postoperative pain and analgesic requirements. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, we prospectively studied patients who underwent thyroid surgery. Patients were randomized into two groups: group S, where local infiltration was performed using 10 ml of a physiological saline solution; and group K, where 10 ml of a solution containing 2 mg/kg ketamine was infiltrated. Standardized thyroidectomies were performed in the 2 groups. Pain perception was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) every 10 minutes in the post-anesthetic care unit (PACU) for 2 hours and thereafter every 6 hours during the first 24 hours. The opioid requirement in the PACU was evaluated. A comparison between the 2 groups was carried out. Results: Postoperatively, the mean VAS was higher in group S compared to group K during all PACU stay periods and the first 24 hours. Pain scores during swallowing were significantly lower for group K in the PACU at 0, 10, and 20 minutes. The mean morphine consumption in the PACU was 0.71 mg and 0 mg respectively in group S and group K (p=0.03). The incidence of nausea and vomiting was similar in both groups. Conclusions: Ketamine wound infiltration is an efficient modality to reduce postoperative opioid consumption compared to a placebo after thyroid surgery.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN THE INFORMATION AGE
Authors: Berta Doraanca , Robu Maximilianiosif 
Published: February 2023

In a world in which the means of spreading information are more and more advanced and data distribution is done exponentially, the need to protect the originality of the papers becomes of great importance. In the XXI century, intellectual property will play an increasingly important role on the international scene. Works of the mind, such as inventions, concepts, brands, books, music and films are now used and consumed with pleasure in every corner of the world. With the dramatic rise in the use of the Internet, specifically for e-commerce and exchange of information and knowledge, the system of intellectual property protection is crucial for the development of digital society. Intellectual property information may now be found easily. Search for patents, for example, is made much easier with the potential of the internet registration is required by the new patent by the institutions concerned.	Intellectual property is the most effective tool for fostering and propagation of innovation and creativity, which modern society is becoming more dependent, in particular by patents, industrial design, copyright and related rights, trademarks, geographical indications etc. This is the surest way to prevent and combat the unfair competition, to order the products and services and to obtain positive results in the fight for respect of exclusive rights, against counterfeiting and piracy. This paper wants to approach the intellectual property right in knowledge society. The theme presents international interest and because of a growing interest for combating all forms of illegal use of the material that is part of the intellectual property sphere.After a brief introduction in the matter of intellectual property rights, we will focus on methods to protect these rights. The final part of the paper is dedicated to an analysis of this phenomenon, stating the importance of it in the XXI century.
TOWARDS A SECOND-SCREEN EXPERIENCE IN E-LEARNING
Authors: Beldiman Liviu , Jascanu Veronica 
Published: February 2023

Television watching is a social experience. People watch the same TV programs and are talking about shows, movies, discussing, analyzing and recommending. With the rise of the Smart TV platforms the domain of Augmented Entertainment is changing. There are new ways to watch and discuss about television shows, to integrate the web experience with the TV one. There is an opportunity to involve the user and make it an active entity during or after the show. It could be automatically enhanced with related content from other shows or generated by other users. For example, the documentary about Second World War could be enhanced automatically with related and personal videos, images, blogs or testimonials.
There is a growing trend of using Internet while watching TV shows. There are already several reports concerning this new consumer behavior:
-	50% of US TV viewers watch TV and use Internet simultaneously every day (Clustalabs)
-	86% of US mobile internet users use their phone while watching TV (Yahoo).
-	72% of under 25's in the UK comment on programs via social networks (Digital Clarity)
-	30% of total iPad usage is while watching TV (Nielsen)
A second-screen e-learning platform will promote "personalized edutainment" and peer learning by collecting data from various sources in order to identify and provide personalized, relevant, appealing, informative content complementary to entertainment. It will facilitate e-inclusion and involvement for everybody, connecting people to the relevant information aggregated from various sources and offering it on easy to use platforms like the TV. Also, it will facilitate the user to enhance the TV show with personal multimedia content.