bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between Air Pollution and Violence: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Sharma Lipika , Pandey Shri Prakash 
Published: February 2023

AbstractClimate change is the most relevant discussion point in today's scenario. The research paper explains and analysis the relationship between crime and air pollution. It is important to understand that there is a remarkable increase in crimes in the recent past globally and the same can be correlated to air pollution. Studies suggest that air pollution contributed to the increased crime rate. Recent studies in this context have suggested that air pollution can be directly related to aggressive behavior and which in turn leads to an increase in the crime rate. The paper focuses on harm mitigation rather than retribution when dealing with environmental offences. Awareness of the application of restorative processes in cases of environmental harm is ambiguous and, indeed, exculpatory in nature in present scenario. It is generally accepted that environmental crimes are among some of the most lucrative types of transnational illegal activity. In 2016, their monetary worth is calculated at between US$ 91 and 259 billion annually, most likely the world's fourth largest criminal sector after narcotics, counterfeits, and trade in human beings. In this area, there is indeed a detailed list of violations, i.e., wildlife crimes, illicit mining are few to mention.
Ion Transport and Dielectric Studies on [PEO:TiO2]:NH4SCN Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Singh Markandey 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn improvement in ion transport behavior and dielectric properties of polyethylene oxide based polymer electrolytes have been investigated upon the dispersal of TiO2 nanoparticles. TiO2 nanoparticle is synthesized with the help of well‐known sol–gel technique. The different compositions of polymer electrolyte systems are prepared by the solution cast technique. Nanocomposite polymer electrolytes (NCPEs) films are synthesized by loading of nanoTiO2 particle in a pristine polymer electrolyte matrix. The structural and morphological behaviors of nanocomposite polymer electrolytes (NCPEs) have been subsequently characterized by XRD and SEM studies. The ionic behavior of synthesized NCPEs is ascertained by Wagner's polarization technique. AC and DC conductivity of polymer electrolyte films have been carried out using impedance spectroscopic techniques. Dielectric relaxation studies of polymer electrolytes are examined using impedance spectroscopic data. The conductivity relaxation mechanism of NCPEs has been concluded with the help of modulus formalism. DC conductivity of best ion‐conducting NCPEs at room temperature has been found to σ = 2.5 × 10−5 S cm−1. The electrode polarization effect has completely vanished in the dielectric and modulus formalism and the conductivity scaling data show a single master curve observed in ion dynamics. The change in ionic conductivity with frequency and temperature is studied by impedance spectroscopic investigations. The effect of salt on dielectric parameters of NCPEs is also extracted from impedance spectroscopic data to explore underlying ion dynamics.
Efforts to Replace Methylene Chloride in Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry
Authors: Yogesh Ruchika , Srivastava Noopur , Mulik Baban Mohan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMethylene chloride (MC) or dichloromethane is a halogenated organic solvent of choice used in many chemical industries such as pharmaceutical, insecticide, paint, and polymer industries. Several health hazards associated with the use of MC are known to us through available literature. MC is reported to be a potential neurotoxic, cardiotoxic, cancer‐causing, and tissue‐damaging agent. Inhalation and direct skin contact are the major routes of exposure to MC in occupational environments. Most government agencies and environment, health and safety forums throughout the world have recognized MC as a hazardous solvent and have kept strict regulatory control on the usage of MC. MC is a Class 2 solvent as per ICH guidelines. This review article presents some case studies where MC has been replaced in commercial synthetic processes and column chromatography by other solvents and solvent mixtures, demonstrating that it is possible to either reduce the usage or replace MC in process chemistry. Many industrial and academic efforts have brought in place several solvent selection guides helpful for effectively replacing MC from existing or planned synthetic processes. Sustainable and environment‐friendly synthetic processes can be developed by implementing the concept of green chemistry, such as replacing the use of MC in the existing chemical processes and avoiding the use of MC in future chemical processes. Successful introduction of MC‐free chemical processes in the pharmaceutical industry can surely be achieved with continuous efforts in this direction.
Thermo Acoustical Analysis of Nickel Sulfamate with DMSO at Varying Temperatures Using Ultrasonic Techniques
Authors: Lancy S. Irudaya Sahaya , P. Padmavathi , Gopal A. Mathana , Pandey Krishna Kumar , J. Poongodi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractElectroplating is one of the methods of plating the metallic layer with another metal. This coatings and metallic films are home to many versatile applications and form a vital technology. The aim is to provide a conclusion from the survey of different reaction mechanisms and the kinetics of nickel electro‐deposition from different baths. By varying the temperatures, i.e., 308, 313, 318, 323, 328, 333 K in the binary system of nickel sulfamate with DMSO, properties such as density, ultrasonic velocity, and viscosity have been recorded in the investigation. Various acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (β), intermolecular free length (Lf), free volume (Vf), internal pressure (πi), acoustic impedance (Z), enthalpy (H), Gibbs free energy (∆G) are determined from the experimental data. The results are interpreted on the approach of molecular interactions between the binary mixtures.
Comparative Study of Molecular Docking, Structural, Electronic, and Fukui Function Studies on Favipiravir and its Newly Designed Derivatives (Potential Inhibitors) for COVID‐19 Protease
Authors: Pandey Anoop Kumar , Singh Vijay , Dwivedi Apoorva 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFavipiravir is an antiviral medication currently being trialed as a COVID‐19 treatment. These results motivate us to develop new species (possibly drugs) from favipiravir, perform comparative molecular docking, and reexamine their biological and pharmacological activities. Detailed quantum chemical research on favipiravir and its newly designed derivatives has been carried out with the help of DFT/B3LYP/6–311 + + G (d, p). In the present work, the structure of favipiravir has been modified and 12 new species have been modeled (all species are inherently stable because no virtual frequency is found during the vibration analysis). Reactivity of all species using various descriptors (local) such as Fukui function, local softness, electrophilicity, and global, i.e., electronegativity, hardness, HOMO–LUMO gap, etc. of the same are calculated and discussed. In silico studies such as molecular docking of all species and complete quantum chemistry studies suggest that four of them may mitigate the effects of the COVID‐19 protease.
Methylene Blue Dye Removal from Water by Neem Leaf (Azadirachta indica) Adsorbent
Authors: Singh Pragya , Kumar Rajesh , Kumari Rachna , Singh N. B. , Singh Ram Chandra , Singh Pramod K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrganic dyes, present in the aquatic environment, have negative effects on ecosystems. Attempts are being made to remove these dyes by using number of physico‐chemical methods. Out of all the methods, adsorption technique is the most economical and efficient technique. However, for this purpose, efficient and cost‐effective adsorbents are needed. In this paper processed neem leaf powder (NLP) has been used for methylene blue (MB) dye removal. NLP has been characterized by X‐ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopic, and scanning electron microscopic techniques. Results have shown that NLP has crystalline character with number of functional groups. MB is removed by using NLP under different varying conditions such as NLP doses, varying MB concentration, and different pH. When fixed amount of NLP (0.2 g) is used, removal of MB increases with time and becomes almost constant after 40 min. Maximum MB removal is obtained at pH = 6.0. Adsorption isotherms and kinetic models are discussed and the data fitted well with Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic models. Ab initio calculations have shown that nature of interaction depends on the orientation of groups and both type of adsorption is feasible in the present system. Results show that NLP is an effective adsorbent for removal of MB dye.
DFT Calculations for Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye on Neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaves
Authors: Singh Pragya , Kumar Rajesh , Rachna Km , Singh N. B. , Singh Ram Chandra , Singh Pramod K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrganic dyes, present in the aquatic environment, have negative effects on ecosystems. Attempts are being made to remove these dyes by using number of physio‐chemical methods. Out of all the methods, adsorption technique is the most economical and efficient technique. For this purpose, efficient and cost‐effective adsorbents are needed. Neem leaf powder (NLP) containing Azadirachtin Indica, has been used for methylene blue (MB) dye removal. The interaction of dye on neem leaf containing Azadirachta indica plays an important role. Quantum mechanical calculations using density functional theory have been done in order to have an idea about interaction during adsorption. There is a possibility of both strong and weak interaction depending on the orientation of adsorbent and adsorbate.
Environmental Information Policy in India feed Pro‐Environment Industry Operation: A Case Study of EIA Report on Proposed Integrated Steel Complex Site, Halakundi, Karnataka
Authors: Lohochowdhury Biplab , Giridhar Divya , Kumar Pal Arvind , Mitra Archan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInfrastructure development/industrialization in an area without proper environmental assessment is well known. Governments have implemented environmental impact assessment (EIA) policies to avoid harming the environment. Implementing EIA policy in coordination with local government agencies requires an understanding of environmental information flow. Before and after data sets on environmental change are critical for pro‐environment industry operation. Is it possible to synchronies EIA and Environmental information Centre (EIC) in a way that reduces environmental pollution while increasing entropy at all levels of communication? How does EIC affect EIA regimes? How to close environmental data? How should environmental data be used in EIA? A robust environment information policy (EIP) must address these issues in pro‐environmental development projects and industrial operations (EIP). However, access to information is still limited in India. Lack of quality and complete information makes it difficult for regulators to evaluate large‐scale infrastructure/industry development data submitted by proponents. Proposers and consultants should be given specific instructions on how to communicate with all stakeholders in the project impact zone. Additional information within the broad category of “Information” is sought. As a result, the researchers sought to gather data for the Environment Information System (EIS). Climate change and grassroots communication are two areas being studied. Information is critical in environmental matters. Despite public opinion, authorities ignore environmental planning. The policy decision cycle should priorities data. To better communicate about the environment, the author proposes a proper chain and system of information (Information Modeling). The reporting agencies strictly adhere to the EIA's policy. After their purpose is served, these reports are useless.
Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Plant‐Mediated Silver Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Moges‐Tsegaye Meron , Kumar Manish , Pandey S. P. , Fentie‐Tasew Molla , Yadav Priya‐ , Chouhan Garima 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInfections caused byStaphylococcus aureusandKlebsiella pneumoniaeare becoming a common health issue throughout the world. Medicines that have been used to treat infections caused by these organisms are becoming obsolete due to the emergence of drug resistance at an alarming rate. Recently, the use of green synthesized nanoparticles has been gaining momentum as an alternative approach to combating microbial infections, since traditional methods for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles involve the use of toxic chemicals and the formation of harmful by‐products. In this study, an aqueous extract of the medicinal plantPrunella vulgarisis used for the synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles (AgONPs). The formation of AgONPs is confirmed by UV‐visible spectroscopy in the wavelength range of 200–400 nm. X‐ray analysis of AgONPs shows crystallite size of the particles to be 36.9 nm. Scanning electron microscopic image shows the synthesized AgONPs are seemed to be spherical and oval in morphology with an average size of 55–182 nm, whereas FTIR spectroscopy of AgONPs reveal the presence of functional group. Finally, AgONPs are tested to be effective againstS. aureusandk. Pneumoniae.
Frequency Response and Power Dissipation of RC Coupled CE Amplifier by Using Series and Parallel Network of Like Transistors
Authors: Tiwari Satyendra Nath , Khadarabad Ghouse Mohiuddin , Pandey Anoop Kumar , Dwivedi Apoorva , Pandey Shri Prakash , Singh Vijay 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe RC‐coupled small‐signal amplifier is a widely used circuit that serves as a basic building block in electronic circuits. The study of amplifier circuits with various component modifications may yield important results that can be utilized to improve circuit designs based on application needs. Using the Pspice 9.5.2 simulation tool, a study of a BJT‐based CE amplifier is carried out to determine the dependence of frequency response, bandwidth, maximum voltage gain, power dissipation, input impedance, and other parameters while using a network of BJTs coupled in parallel and in series from Q1 to Qn.
A Review on Aluminum Matrix Composites Synthesized by FSP
Authors: Das Shyam Sundar , Raja Avinash Ravi , Nautiyal Hemant , Gautam Rohit Kumar Singh , Jha Pushkar , Sharma Jyoti , Singh Sudesh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSurface modification has been emerged out as a novel value addition process to increase the mechanical as well as tribological execution of the engineering materials in the previous decade. Friction stir processing (FSP) has been one of the best and most recent technologies for improving the surface properties of work material. The current study explores a critical review of the fabrication of aluminum matrix composite by incorporating the abrasive type particles through FSP and analyzing the improved mechanical, thermal, and tribological characteristics of the fabricated composite materials. The study will pave the way for opportunities related to surface modification by FSP.
Polycrystalline Solid–Solid Composite [(NH4)2C2O4·1H2O:Al2O3)]: Electrical and Structural Detail
Authors: Pratap Rana , Kumar Sushant , Samsudin Rabiatul Adawiyah , Latif Famiza Abdul , Singh Ram Chandra , Kumar Manish 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn solid–solid composite formation by dispersal of insulating filler in an ionic matrix results in ionic conductivity enhancement which has been discussed in details in this paper. Present system deals ammonium oxalate ((NH4)2C2O4·1H2O) dispersed with insulating filler (Al2O3). Electrical, structural, and thermal studies viz. conductivity measurement, ion transport, ionic transference number, infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry are presented in detail.
A Review on Thermo‐Mechanical Durability of Glass Fiber/Polymer Composites in Water
Authors: Priyadarshini Saigeeta , Singh Lavish Kumar , Kaithwas Chandra Kant , Soren Shatrughan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlass fiber/polymer composites find extensive application in marine industry; however, the durability of theses marine structures has always been a matter of concern owing to their continuous exposure to harsh marine environment. The objective of this study is to consolidate and analyze the work that has been carried out so far, primarily focusing on the influence of the marine‐environment characteristics on water absorption and its subsequent impact on the mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced composites. It is found that immersion time and operational temperature are the two prominent factors that influence the durability of these polymer composites. Moisture causes reversible changes such as plasticization and irreversible changes such as hydrolysis, cracking, and crazing which subsequently exerts a detrimental effect on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of epoxy resins. During the initial stage of water absorption, the moisture content increased rapidly with the immersion time, and then it increased slowly as the immersion time stretched until the moisture content in the specimen reached a saturation level. Prolong exposure in water not only led to a substantial deterioration in static mechanical properties; it also altered the mode of failure from a brittle matrix‐ductile fiber to ductile matrix‐brittle fiber.
Knockdown of UBE2I inhibits tumorigenesis and enhances chemosensitivity of cholangiocarcinoma via modulating p27kip1 nuclear export
Authors: Huang Jie , Tan Xiaolong , Liu Yan , Jiang Kainian , Luo Jian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe asymptomatic nature of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), particularly during its early stages, in combination with its high aggressiveness and chemoresistance, significantly compromises the efficacy of current therapeutic options, contributing to a dismal prognosis. As a tumor suppressor that inhibits the cell cycle, abnormal cytoplasmic p27kip1 localization is related to chemotherapy resistance and often occurs in various cancers, including CCA. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism is unclear. SUMOylation, which is involved in regulating subcellular localization and the cell cycle, is a posttranslational modification that regulates p27kip1 activity. Here, we confirmed that UBE2I, as the only key enzyme for SUMOylation, was highly expressed and p27kip1 was downregulated in CCA tissues, which were associated with poor outcomes in CCA. Moreover, UBE2I silencing inhibited CCA cell proliferation, delayed xenograft tumor growth in vivo, and sensitized CCA cells to the chemotherapeutics, which may be due to cell cycle arrest induced by p27kip1 nuclear accumulation. According to the immunoprecipitation result, we found that UBE2I could bind p27kip1, and the binding amount of p27kip1 and SUMO‐1 decreased after UBE2I silencing. Moreover, nuclear retention of p27kip1 was induced by UBE2I knockdown and SUMOylation or CRM1 inhibition, further suggesting that UBE2I could cooperate with CRM1 in the nuclear export of p27kip1. These data indicate that UBE2I‐mediated SUMOylation is a novel regulatory mechanism that underlies p27kip1 export and controls CCA tumorigenesis, providing a therapeutic option for CCA treatment.
Protopanaxadiol manipulates gut microbiota to promote bone marrow hematopoiesis and enhance immunity in cyclophosphamide‐induced immunosuppression mice
Authors: Cao Yuru , Liu Ben , Li Wenzhen , Geng Feng , Gao Xue , Yue Lijun , Liu Huiping , Liu Congying , Su Zhenguo , Lü Junhong , Pan Xiaohong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractProtopanaxadiol (PPD) has potential immunomodulatory effects, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we explored the potential roles of gut microbiota in the immunity regulation mechanisms of PPD using a cyclophosphamide (CTX)‐induced immunosuppression mouse model. Our results showed that a medium dose of PPD (PPD‐M, 50 mg/kg) effectively ameliorated the immunosuppression induced by CTX treatment by promoting bone marrow hematopoiesis, increasing the number of splenic T lymphocytes and regulating the secretion of serum immunoglobulins and cytokines. Meanwhile, PPD‐M protected against CTX‐induced gut microbiota dysbiosis by increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Oscillospirales, Turicibacter, Coldextribacter, Lachnospiraceae, Dubosiella, and Alloprevotella and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia‐Shigella. Importantly, PPD‐M lost the ability to promote bone marrow hematopoiesis and enhance immunity when the gut microbiota was depleted by broad‐spectrum antibiotics. Moreover, PPD‐M promoted the production of microbiota‐derived immune‐enhancing metabolites including cucurbitacin C, l‐gulonolactone, ceramide, DG, prostaglandin E2 ethanolamide, palmitoyl glucuronide, 9R,10S‐epoxy‐stearic acid, and 9′‐carboxy‐gamma‐chromanol. KEGG topology analysis showed that the PPD‐M treatment significantly enriched the sphingolipid metabolic pathway with ceramide as a main metabolite. Our findings reveal that PPD enhances immunity by manipulating gut microbiota and has the potential to be used as an immunomodulator in cancer chemotherapy.
Framework for dual‐energy‐like chest radiography image synthesis from single‐energy computed tomography based on cycle‐consistent generative adversarial network
Authors: Lee Minjae , Lee Hunwoo , Lee Dongyeon , Cho Hyosung , Choi Jaegu , Cha Bo Kyung , Kim Kyuseok 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundDual‐energy (DE) chest radiography (CXR) enables the selective imaging of two relevant materials, namely, soft tissue and bone structures, to better characterize various chest pathologies (i.e., lung nodule, bony lesions, etc.) and potentially improve CXR‐based diagnosis. Recently, deep‐learning‐based image synthesis techniques have attracted considerable attention as alternatives to existing DE methods (i.e., dual‐exposure‐based and sandwich‐detector‐based methods) because software‐based bone‐only and bone‐suppression images in CXR could be useful.PurposeThe objective of this study was to develop a new framework for DE‐like CXR image synthesis from single‐energy computed tomography (CT) based on a cycle‐consistent generative adversarial network.MethodsThe core techniques of the proposed framework are divided into three categories: (1) data configuration from the generation of pseudo CXR from single energy CT, (2) learning of the developed network architecture using pseudo CXR and pseudo‐DE imaging using a single‐energy CT, and (3) inference of the trained network on real single‐energy CXR. We performed a visual inspection and comparative evaluation using various metrics and introduced a figure of image quality (FIQ) to consider the effects of our framework on the spatial resolution and noise in terms of a single index through various test cases.ResultsOur results indicate that the proposed framework is effective and exhibits potential synthetic imaging ability for two relevant materials: soft tissue and bone structures. Its effectiveness was validated, and its ability to overcome the limitations associated with DE imaging techniques (e.g., increase in exposure dose owing to the requirement of two acquisitions, and emphasis on noise characteristics) via an artificial intelligence technique was presented.ConclusionsThe developed framework addresses X‐ray dose issues in the field of radiation imaging and enables pseudo‐DE imaging with single exposure.