bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in China: an analysis of a national population-based field survey
Authors: Ma Tian , Wang Qian , Hao Mengmeng , Xue Chuizhao , Wang Xu , Han Shuai , Wang Qian , Zhao Jiangshan , Ma Xiao , Wu Xianglin , Jiang Xiaofeng , Cao Lei , Yang Yaming , Feng Yu , Gongsang Quzhen , Scheffran Jürgen , Fang Liqun , Maude Richard James , Zheng Canjun , Ding Fangyu , Wu Weiping , Jiang Dong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Human cystic and alveolar echinococcosis are neglected tropical diseases that WHO has prioritized for control in recent years. Both diseases impose substantial burdens on public health and the socio-economy in China. In this study, which is based on the national echinococcosis survey from 2012 to 2016, we aim to describe the spatial prevalence and demographic characteristics of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis infections in humans and assess the impact of environmental, biological and social factors on both types of the disease.

Methods
We computed the sex-, age group-, occupation- and education level-specific prevalences of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis at national and sub-national levels. We mapped the geographical distribution of echinococcosis prevalence at the province, city and county levels. Finally, by analyzing the county-level echinococcosis cases combined with a range of associated environmental, biological and social factors, we identified and quantified the potential risk factors for echinococcosis using a generalized linear model.

Results
A total of 1,150,723 residents were selected and included in the national echinococcosis survey between 2012 and 2016, of whom 4161 and 1055 tested positive for cystic and alveolar echinococcosis, respectively. Female gender, older age, occupation at herdsman, occupation as religious worker and illiteracy were identified as risk factors for both types of echinococcosis. The prevalence of echinococcosis was found to vary geographically, with areas of high endemicity observed in the Tibetan Plateau region. Cystic echinococcosis prevalence was positively correlated with cattle density, cattle prevalence, dog density, dog prevalence, number of livestock slaughtered, elevation and grass area, and negatively associated with temperature and gross domestic product (GDP). Alveolar echinococcosis prevalence was positively correlated with precipitation, level of awareness, elevation, rodent density and rodent prevalence, and negatively correlated with forest area, temperature and GDP. Our results also implied that drinking water sources are significantly associated with both diseases.

Conclusions
The results of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of geographical patterns, demographic characteristics and risk factors of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in China. This important information will contribute towards developing targeted prevention measures and controlling diseases from the public health perspective.

Graphical Abstract
Identifying primary and secondary MLH1 epimutation carriers displaying low-level constitutional MLH1 methylation using droplet digital PCR and genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of colorectal cancers
Authors: Joo Jihoon E. , Mahmood Khalid , Walker Romy , Georgeson Peter , Candiloro Ida , Clendenning Mark , Como Julia , Joseland Sharelle , Preston Susan , Graversen Lise , Wilding Mathilda , Field Michael , Lemon Michelle , Wakeling Janette , Marfan Helen , Susman Rachel , Isbister Joanne , Edwards Emma , Bowman Michelle , Kirk Judy , Ip Emilia , McKay Lynne , Antill Yoland , Hopper John L. , Boussioutas Alex , Macrae Finlay A. , Dobrovic Alexander , Jenkins Mark A. , Rosty Christophe , Winship Ingrid M. , Buchanan Daniel D. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
MLH1 epimutation is characterised by constitutional monoallelic MLH1 promoter hypermethylation, which can cause colorectal cancer (CRC). Tumour molecular profiles of MLH1 epimutation CRCs were used to classify germline MLH1 promoter variants of uncertain significance and MLH1 methylated early-onset CRCs (EOCRCs). Genome-wide DNA methylation and somatic mutational profiles of tumours from two germline MLH1: c.-11C > T and one MLH1: c.-[28A > G; 7C > T] carriers and three MLH1 methylated EOCRCs (< 45 years) were compared with 38 reference CRCs. Methylation-sensitive droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was used to detect mosaic MLH1 methylation in blood, normal mucosa and buccal DNA.

Results
Genome-wide methylation-based Consensus Clustering identified four clusters where the tumour methylation profiles of germline MLH1: c.-11C > T carriers and MLH1 methylated EOCRCs clustered with the constitutional MLH1 epimutation CRCs but not with the sporadic MLH1 methylated CRCs. Furthermore, monoallelic MLH1 methylation and APC promoter hypermethylation in tumour were observed in both MLH1 epimutation and germline MLH1: c.-11C > T carriers and MLH1 methylated EOCRCs. Mosaic constitutional MLH1 methylation in MLH1: c.-11C > T carriers and 1 of 3 MLH1 methylated EOCRCs was identified by methylation-sensitive ddPCR.

Conclusions
Mosaic MLH1 epimutation underlies the CRC aetiology in MLH1: c.-11C > T germline carriers and a subset of MLH1 methylated EOCRCs. Tumour profiling and ultra-sensitive ddPCR methylation testing can be used to identify mosaic MLH1 epimutation carriers.
Novel insights into systemic sclerosis using a sensitive computational method to analyze whole-genome bisulfite sequencing data
Authors: Yu Jeffrey C. Y. , Zeng Yixiao , Zhao Kaiqiong , Lu Tianyuan , Oros Klein Kathleen , Colmegna Inés , Lora Maximilien , Bhatnagar Sahir R. , Leask Andrew , Greenwood Celia M. T. , Hudson Marie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Abnormal DNA methylation is thought to contribute to the onset and progression of systemic sclerosis. Currently, the most comprehensive assay for profiling DNA methylation is whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), but its precision depends on read depth and it may be subject to sequencing errors. SOMNiBUS, a method for regional analysis, attempts to overcome some of these limitations. Using SOMNiBUS, we re-analyzed WGBS data previously analyzed using bumphunter, an approach that initially fits single CpG associations, to contrast DNA methylation estimates by both methods.

Methods
Purified CD4+ T lymphocytes of 9 SSc and 4 control females were sequenced using WGBS. We separated the resulting sequencing data into regions with dense CpG data, and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were inferred with the SOMNiBUS region-level test, adjusted for age. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed with ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). We compared the results obtained by SOMNiBUS and bumphunter.

Results
Of 8268 CpG regions of ≥ 60 CpGs eligible for analysis with SOMNiBUS, we identified 131 DMRs and 125 differentially methylated genes (DMGs; p-values less than Bonferroni-corrected threshold of 6.05–06 controlling family-wise error rate at 0.05; 1.6% of the regions). In comparison, bumphunter identified 821,929 CpG regions, 599 DMRs (of which none had ≥ 60 CpGs) and 340 DMGs (q-value of 0.05; 0.04% of all regions). The top ranked gene identified by SOMNiBUS was FLT4, a lymphangiogenic orchestrator, and the top ranked gene on chromosome X was CHST7, known to catalyze the sulfation of glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix. The top networks identified by IPA included connective tissue disorders.

Conclusions
SOMNiBUS is a complementary method of analyzing WGBS data that enhances biological insights into SSc and provides novel avenues of investigation into its pathogenesis.
APOE4 carrier status determines association between white matter disease and grey matter atrophy in early-stage dementia
Authors: Vipin Ashwati , Kumar Dilip , Soo See Ann , Zailan Fatin Zahra , Leow Yi Jin , Koh Chen Ling , Ng Adeline Su Lyn , Ng Kok Pin , Kandiah Nagaendran 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhite matter hyperintensities, a neuroimaging marker of small-vessel cerebrovascular disease and apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE4) allele, are important dementia risk factors. However, APOE4 as a key effect modifier in the relationship between white matter hyperintensities and grey matter volume needs further exploration.MethodsOne hundred ninety-two early-stage dementia (including mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia) and 259 cognitively unimpaired participants from a neurocognitive research cohort with neuroimaging data, APOE genotyping, and neuropsychological assessments were studied. We investigated independent and interactive effects of white matter hyperintensities and APOE4 on whole-brain voxel-wise grey matter volume using voxel-based morphometry (uncorrectedp < 0.001; minimum cluster size = 100 voxels). We further assessed interactive effects between APOE4 and white matter hyperintensities on global cognition, memory, and executive function in early-stage dementia and cognitively unimpaired participants.ResultsIndependent of APOE4 status, higher white matter hyperintensity load was associated with greater grey matter atrophy across frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes in cognitively unimpaired and early-stage dementia subjects. However, interaction analyses and independent sample analyses revealed that APOE4 non-carriers demonstrated greater white matter hyperintensity-associated grey matter atrophy compared to APOE4 carriers in both cognitively unimpaired and early-stage dementia groups. Additional confirmatory analyses among APOE4 non-carriers demonstrated that white matter hyperintensities resulted in widespread grey matter loss. Analyses of cognitive function demonstrated that higher white matter hyperintensity load was associated with worse global (Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment) and executive function (Color Trails 2) in APOE4 non-carriers compared to APOE4 carriers in early-stage dementia but not cognitively unimpaired participants.ConclusionsThe association between white matter hyperintensities and grey matter loss is more pronounced in APOE4 non-carriers than APOE4 carriers in the cognitively unimpaired and early-stage dementia stages. Furthermore, white matter hyperintensity presence results in poorer executive function in APOE4 non-carriers compared to APOE4 carriers. This finding may have significant impact on the design of clinical trials with disease modifying therapies.
Endogenous and viral microRNAs in nasal secretions of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) after Bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (BuHV-1) challenge infection
Authors: Lecchi Cristina , Ceciliani Fabrizio , Petrini Stefano , Cappelli Giovanna , Grassi Carlo , Balestrieri Anna , Galiero Giorgio , DeCarlo Ester , Salvi Gaspare , Panzeri Filippo , Gini Chiara , Cafiso Alessandra , Agazzi Alessandro , Martucciello Alessandra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (BuHV-1) is a pathogen of water buffaloes responsible for economic loss worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression produced by alphaherpesviruses and hosts. This study aimed at (a) unravelling the ability of BuHV-1 to produce miRNAs, including hv1-miR-B6, hv1-miR-B8, hv1-miR-B9; (b) measuring the host immune-related miRNAs associated to herpesvirus infection, including miR-210-3p, miR-490-3p, miR-17-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-338-3p, miR-370-3p, by RT-qPCR; (c) identifying candidate markers of infection by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves; (d) exploiting the biological functions by pathway enrichment analyses. Five water buffaloes BuHV-1 and Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) free were immunized against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR). Five additional water buffaloes served as negative controls. All animals were challenged with a virulent wild-type (wt) BuHV-1 via the intranasal route 120 days after the first vaccination. Nasal swabs were obtained at days (d) 0, 2, 4, 7, 10, 15, 30, and 63 post-challenge (pc). The animals of both groups shed wt BuHV-1 up to d7 pc. Results demonstrated that (a) miRNAs produced by the host and BuHV-1 could be efficiently quantified in the nasal secretion up to d63 and d15 pc, respectively; b) the levels of host and BuHV-1 miRNAs are different between vaccinated and control buffaloes; c) miR-370-3p discriminated vaccinated and control animals; d) host immune-related miRNAs may modulate genes involved in the cell adhesion pathway of the neuronal and immune system. Overall, the present study provides evidence that miRNAs can be detected in nasal secretions of water buffaloes and that their expression is modulated by BuHV-1.
Amelioration of olfactory dysfunction in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease via enhancing GABAergic signaling
Authors: Liu Xing-Yang , Wang Ke , Deng Xian-Hua , Wei Yi-Hua , Guo Rui , Liu Sui-Feng , Zhu Yi-Fan , Zhong Jia-Jun , Zheng Jing-Yuan , Wang Meng-Dan , Ye Qiu-Hong , He Jian-Quan , Guo Kai-Hang , Zhu Jun-Rong , Huang Shu-Qiong , Chen Ze-Xu , Lv Chong-Shan , Wen Lei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Olfactory dysfunction is among the earliest non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). As the foremost pathological hallmark, α-synuclein initiates the pathology in the olfactory pathway at the early stage of PD, particularly in the olfactory epithelium (OE) and olfactory bulb (OB). However, the local neural microcircuit mechanisms underlying olfactory dysfunction between OE and OB in early PD remain unknown.

Results
We observed that odor detection and discrimination were impaired in 6-month-old SNCA-A53T mice, while their motor ability remained unaffected. It was confirmed that α-synuclein increased and accumulated in OB but not in OE. Notably, the hyperactivity of mitral/tufted cells and the excitation/inhibition imbalance in OB were found in 6-month-old SNCA-A53T mice, which was attributed to the impaired GABAergic transmission and aberrant expression of GABA transporter 1 and vesicular GABA transporter in OB. We further showed that tiagabine, a potent and selective GABA reuptake inhibitor, could reverse the impaired olfactory function and GABAergic signaling in OB of SNCA-A53T mice.

Conclusions
Taken together, our findings demonstrate potential synaptic mechanisms of local neural microcircuit underlying olfactory dysfunction at the early stage of PD. These results highlight the critical role of aberrant GABAergic signaling of OB in early diagnosis and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for early-stage PD.
The fear in desire: linking desire thinking and fear of missing out in the social media context
Authors: Brandtner Annika , Wegmann Elisa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccording to the Elaborated Intrusion Theory of Desire, desire thinking and an associated deficit are fundamental factors to the emergence of craving. In the special case of problematic social networking sites (SNS) use, this experienced deficit could be constituted of an online-specific fear of missing out (FoMO). To test the interaction of these cognitions and their influence on problematic SNS use, we tested a serial mediation model on a sample of N = 193 individuals who use SNS (73% female, Mage = 28.3, SD = 9.29). We found that desire thinking predicted FoMO and both variables were only significant predictors of problematic SNS use when considered in interplay with craving. Ad hoc analyses revealed that the verbal subcomponent of desire thinking is more strongly associated with FoMO than imaginal prefiguration. Our results highlight that neither desire thinking nor FoMO are inherently dysfunctional but become problematic when they increase craving for potentially problematic SNS use.
Forecasting returns volatility of cryptocurrency by applying various deep learning algorithms
Authors: Khan Farman Ullah , Khan Faridoon , Shaikh Parvez Ahmed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The study aims at forecasting the return volatility of the cryptocurrencies using several machine learning algorithms, like neural network autoregressive (NNETAR), cubic smoothing spline (CSS), and group method of data handling neural network (GMDH-NN) algorithm. The data used in this study is spanning from April 14, 2017, to October 30, 2020, covering 1296 observations. We predict the volatility of four cryptocurrencies, namely Bitcoin, Ethereum, XRP, and Tether, and compare their predictive power in terms of forecasting accuracy. The predictive capabilities of CSS, NNETAR, and GMDH-NN are compared and evaluated by mean absolute error (MAE) and root-mean-square error (RMSE). Regarding the return volatility of Bitcoin and XRP markets, the forecasted results remarkably suggest that in contrast to rival approaches, the CSS can be an effective model to boost the predicting accuracy in the sense that it has the lowest forecast errors. Considering the Ethereum markets’ volatility, the MAE and RMSE associated with NNETAR are smaller than the MAE and RMSE of CSS and GMDH-NN algorithm, which ensures the effectiveness of NNETAR as compared to competing approaches. Similarly, in case of Tether markets’ volatility, the corresponding MAE and RMSE reveal that the GMDH-NN algorithm is an efficient technique to enhance the forecasting performance. We notice that no single tool performed uniformly for all cryptocurrency markets. The policymakers can adopt the model for forecasting cryptocurrency volatility accordingly.
Psychiatry in Dissent: Anthony Clare's critique, defence and reinvigoration of psychiatry
Authors: Kelly Brendan D. 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYPsychiatry in Dissent: Controversial Issues in Thought and Practice was published in 1976. In the book, Irish psychiatrist Anthony Clare (1942–2007) both defended and critiqued contemporary psychiatry. He demystified the field, analysed its problems and argued that psychiatry, for all its flaws, offered a reasoned and reasonable path forward. His arguments remain fiercely relevant today, sometimes eerily so.
XMoSiN2 (X = S, Se, Te): A novel 2D Janus semiconductor with ultra-high carrier mobility and excellent thermoelectric performance
Authors: Ding Chang-Hao , Duan Zhi-Fu , Ding Zhong-Ke , Pan Hui , Wang Jue , Xiao Wei-Hua , Liu Wang-Ping , Li Qiu-Qiu , Luo Nan-Nan , Zeng Jiang , Ren Wei , Tang Li-Ming , Chen Ke-Qiu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor

is a potential candidate for thermoelectric materials due to its high Seebeck coefficient. However, its high lattice thermal conductivity limits its applications in the field of thermoelectric materials. Here, we constructed an unsymmetrical 2D Janus semiconductor XMoSiN2(X = S, Se, Te) based on

to significantly reduce the lattice thermal conductivity to only one-sixth that of

at 300 K. We found that XMoSiN2 had an ultra-high carrier mobility up to 4640 cm2V−1s−1 leading to a metal-like electrical conductivity. Meanwhile, XMoSiN2 reserved the high Seebeck coefficient of

. The lower lattice thermal conductivity and metal-like electrical conductivity resulted in excellent thermoelectric performance.

possessed a record-high ZT value of 3.57 at 900 K. We believed that other materials with a similar structure to XMoSiN2 can also be potential candidates for high-performance thermoelectric materials. Our work provides valuable insights into designing novel high-performance thermoelectric materials.
Long-term Course of Cognitive Functioning After Aneurysmal and Angiographically Negative Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Khosdelazad Sara , Jorna Lieke S. , Rakers Sandra E. , Koffijberg Ralf , Groen Rob J. M. , Spikman Jacoba M. , Buunk Anne M. 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Cognitive impairment is a common consequence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), negatively affecting everyday functioning. This study is the first to investigate the long-term course of cognitive functioning after SAH and its associations with long-term well-being (ie, anxiety and depression), cognitive complaints, and return to work, separately for patients with aneurysmal SAH (aSAH) and angiographically negative SAH (anSAH) in a longitudinal design.

METHODS:
Cognitive functioning was measured at 2 time points (T1: 3-6 months post-SAH; T2: 2-4 years post-SAH) in 58 patients with aSAH and 22 patients with anSAH with neuropsychological tests for (working) memory, psychomotor speed, and attention/executive functioning. Questionnaires were used to measure cognitive complaints and well-being at T1 and T2 and return to work at T2.

RESULTS:
At T2, patients with aSAH only showed improvements in memory and on an executive functioning and psychomotor speed subtest, whereas in contrast, patients with anSAH had significantly poorer scores on tests for psychomotor speed. A significant amount of patients with aSAH and anSAH still reported cognitive complaints, anxiety, and depression in the chronic stage. Cognitive functioning was not significantly associated with cognitive complaints in both SAH groups. On the other hand, cognitive complaints were related to well-being at the long-term in both SAH groups. More cognitive complaints were also associated with more difficulties in return to work in patients with aSAH.

CONCLUSION:
Patients with aSAH and anSAH have cognitive impairments at the subacute stage post-SAH, and these impairments persist into the chronic stage. Moreover, both SAH groups still reported decreased well-being in the chronic stage post-SAH, related to cognitive complaints but not to cognitive impairment. For clinical practice, an early neuropsychological assessment will already provide relevant information to estimate long-term cognitive impairment, but in addition, it is important to pay attention to psychological distress at the long-term.
Aquaporin regulates cell rounding through vacuole formation during endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition
Authors: Sato Yuki , Shigematsu Mugiho , Shibata-Kanno Maria , Maejima Sho , Tamura Chie , Sakamoto Hirotaka 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT) is crucial for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) generation. During EHT, the morphology of hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) changes from flat and adherent to spherical hematopoietic cells, which detach from the dorsal aorta. HECs attain a rounded shape in a mitosis-independent manner before cell adhesion termination, suggesting an atypical cell-rounding mechanism. However, the direct mechanisms underlying this change in cell morphology during EHT remain unclear. Here, we show that large vacuoles were transiently formed in avian HECs, and that aquaporin 1 (AQP1) was localized in the vacuole and plasma membranes. Overexpression of AQP1 in non-HECs induced ectopic vacuole expansion, cell rounding and subsequent cell detachment from the endothelium into the bloodstream, mimicking EHT. Loss of redundant AQP functions by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in HECs impeded the morphological EHT. Our findings provide the first evidence to indicate that morphological segregation of hematopoietic cells from endothelial cells is regulated by water influx into vacuoles. These findings provide important insights for further exploration of the mechanisms underlying cell/tissue morphogenesis through water-adoptive cellular responses.