bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of severity of peritonitis due to hollow viscous perforation- using APACHE II score
Authors: Punyapu Sridhar , Thota Karthik , Ganga Balakrishna , Kanumuri Sravanthi , Farooqi Zainab , Mehra Panguluru A S Nikhil 
Published: April 2023

: Acute widespread peritonitis caused by a perforated hollow viscus is a potentially fatal illness. It's a common surgical emergency in many developing-country general surgical departments, and it's often associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Grading the severity of acute peritonitis has greatly aided decision-making and improved the therapeutic success in the management of critically ill patients. Empirically based risk assessment for major clinical events has proven to be tremendously valuable in evaluating new medicines, monitoring resource utilisation, and improving care quality. A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted on patients operated on emergency basis for hollow viscus perforation admitted to the hospital, the study was conducted from OCT 2014 – SEP 2016 at Kamineni institute Medical sciences & hospital, Narketpally, Telengana. A series of 100 cases was compiled for this study during this period. The accuracy in outcome prediction of APACHE–II system was assessed by means of receiver operating characteristic curve and Pearson correlation coefficient. The Analytical data obtained was compared and discussed with the data available in the literature. A total of 100 patients were studied. Out of which there were 86(86%) survivors and 14(14%) non-survivors. Mean APACHE–II score of the study population was 9.80 with a range of 1-30. The predicted death rate for the study population was 16% and observed death rate was 14%. Mean APACHE–II score in survivors was 8.03 where as in non-survivors it was 20.64. The area under the curve using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was found to be 0.985. The association between the APACHE-II score and the predicted death rate was flawless, with r = 0.99 and P0.001. In patients with peritonitis caused by hollow viscus perforation, an APACHE-II score of 11-20 was found to be a stronger predictor of mortality risk. In patient groups with APACHE-II scores of 0-10 and scores &#62; 20, predicted death did not match observed mortality. APACHI-II scoring system can be used for assessment of group out come in patients with peritonitis due to hollow viscus perforation. However, it does not provide sufficient confidence for outcome prediction in individual patient.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of body donation in central India
Authors: Jain Rashmi , Jain Ankit , Shrivastava Prateek , Sharma Radhika 
Published: April 2023

Body donation is one of the sources of cadaver supply to medical colleges. The shortage of cadavers in medical institutes is the main problem of learning anatomy across India. The current research aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of the general public regarding body donation.A cross-sectional study had conducted on 1500 voluntary people visiting or working in SSMC, Rewa (M.P.). A well-structured paper-based questionnaire had prepared for the collection of data. Descriptive data had expressed as frequency counts (percentage). Chi-square test had done to analyze differences in the awareness and willingness for body donation between the male and female groups. The difference between the two groups had considered significant if p &#60; 0.05.35.07% of all the participants were unaware of body donation. Females were more unaware and uninterested in body donation. Among aware participants, 12.53% showed their willingness for body donation. The majority of them were motivated by medical professionals and the media. 87.47% were reluctant to donate their bodies because of various reasons like religious barriers, psychological anxiety, etc. We concluded that the majority of our study participants were unaware of body donation. Lack of awareness and social stigma are the main causes of deficiency of cadavers in medical institutes. To create awareness among the general public regarding body donation is the need of the hour. Maintaining an ample supply of cadavers to the undertraining medical students is of utmost importance for turning them into skillful doctors in the future.
Evaluation of thyroid abnormalities in childhood vitiligo from a tertiary care centre: A case-control study
Authors: Salecha Akshay Jain , Kumar AL Senthil , Sridevi K , Ramamurthy DVSB , Annamreddy Leepika 
Published: April 2023

Vitiligo is an usual acquired pigmentary disorder of the skin characterized by well-circumscribed depigmented macules and patches. Though the association between vitiligo and thyroid disorders has been suggested, only a few studies from India and overseas have paid attention to describe the association between vitiligo and thyroid abnormalities, particularly in children. Hence, this study was taken up for evaluating thyroid disease in childhood vitiligo compared to controls in a tertiary care centre.This was a hospital-based case-control study conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital over 18 months which included 50 new patients of vitiligo and 50 age and sex-matched controls. Blood samples were garnered from cases and controls to access the levels of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), Thyroid-stimulating hormone ( TSH), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), and anti-thyroglobulin (anti –Tg).In our study, females outnumbered males in both groups. The frequencies of thyroid function and thyroid autoantibody abnormalities among vitiligo patients and control were 32% and 6%, respectively. The difference between case and controls for thyroid function abnormality was significant with a p-value of 0.001.Our study found a significant association betwixt thyroid disease and childhood vitiligo. Thus, evaluating vitiligo patients for thyroid abnormalities help to detect thyroid diseases or determine the possibility of eventual onset.
Comparitive study of therapeutic effects of labetalol with methyldopa in hypertension in pregnancy induced hypertension and fetal outcome
Authors: Bhimavarapu Sudha , Bhargavi E. Vidya 
Published: April 2023

In a country like India, where maternal mortality rate is still very high despite progress and development which has consistently been made in the health services, a big proportion is still deprived of it. Hypertension is the most common medical problem encountered during pregnancy. This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of labetalol versus methyldopa in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and prevention of further complications. The present study had been carried out on antenatal booked 110 cases between 20 – 40 years of age who developed hypertension after 20 weeks period of gestation with or without oedema & proteinuria or both, attending antenatal OPD or Emergency at Govt General Hospital, Nizamabad, from 1st December 2017 to 31may 2018. : Incidence of PIH in the present study is 7.23% in the booked population. Side effects of drugs were reported more in methyldopa group as compared to labetalol. Adverse foetal outcomes, especially IUGR and pre term babies are more in methyldopa group as compared to labetalol group. Emergency lscs cases are 14 out of 55 in labetalol group,22 out of 55 in methyldopa group were noted. Most common indication for emergency LSCS in both the groups was uncontrolled hypertension, but cases are more in methyldopa group. in Labetalol group 7 out of 55 underwent EL LSCS, in methyldopa group 6 out of 55 underwent LSCS. Total no of caesarean sections in labetalol group are 21 out of 55(32.7%),whereas in methyldopa group28 out of 55 (50.9%), so operative interference is more in methyldopa group when compared to labetalol group.: It concludes that labetalol is suitable for use during pregnancy to reduce maternal and fetal side-effects, so it has efficient hypotensive action.
Combined conservative management and percutaneous peritoneal drainage as damage control approach in high-risk patients with perforated peptic ulcers
Authors: Gohil Rohit Kumar , Meher Raj Kishor , Behera Tapan Kumar , Kujur Sanjay , Nayak Malay Krushna , Rath Brahma Kumar 
Published: April 2023

High risk patients with perforated peptic ulcer, where both the surgeon and anaesthetist are hesitant to operate, were managed by combined conservative management and bilateral percutaneous peritoneal drainage under local anaesthesia as a damage control approach; followed by either definitive surgery or omental patch closure. Here we study the management outcome in terms of morbidity & mortality of such patients.A prospective study of 60 patients presenting to VSSIMSAR, Burla was done between Feb 2018 and Jan 2020. Study population includes patients with perforated peptic ulcer confirmed by pneumo-peritoneum in X-ray and bilious peritoneal tap; with high peri-operative risk (PULP score 8-18). They were managed by combined conservative management and bilateral percutaneous peritoneal drainage under local anaesthesia. The outcome in terms of improved general condition and definitive/ omental patch closure, morbidity and mortality rates were noted. After risk stratification according to PULP score, total number of high-riskcases (PULP score &#62;8) were 60 (male-39, female-21); Majority of them were elderly (90%). Most common complication was ARDS (28.3%). Maximum number of patients (75%) were improved by the damage control approach without significant complications and offered exploratory laparotomy & needful. Localised abscess were observed in around 13.33% patients; which were managed by image guided aspiration under antibiotic coverage. The overall mortality rate was 11.67%. Combined conservative management and percutaneous peritoneal drainage as damage control, which can be done in resource limited centre; followed by either definitive surgery or omental patch closure is associated with reduced mortality.
A prospective study to evaluate the axilla in cases of breast carcinoma to exclude axillary lymph node dissection in sentinel lymph node negative cases
Authors: Das Subhabrata , Choudhury Sulata , Dash Siba Prasad , Rajesh V , Das Chandan 
Published: April 2023

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has become standard to stage the axilla in cases of clinically and Ultrasound negative axilla avoiding unnecessary axillary Lymph node dissection which is associated with higher morbidity in patients 1. The Primary objective is to preoperatively detect axillary metastasis in USG confirmed node negative axilla and perform Sentinel Lymph node Biopsy, 2. To negate the need for axillary lymph node dissection and biopsy in the treatment of breast cancer patients with sentinel node negative A total number of 80 patients with core needle biopsy proved were subjected to USG of Breast and axilla. The patients who had suspicious features in USG axilla were subjected to USG Guided FNAC. The patient having positive (metastasis) over USG guided FNAC were subjected to ALND and those patients with USG guided FNAC Negative and Normal USG Axilla i.e. No suspicious over USG were subjected to SLNB using blue dye. The SLNB negative cases were followed up with Adjuvant Chemotherapy and every 3months in combination with sonography of the breast and the axilla. Mammograms, X-ray and abdominal sonography performed annually. All 80 biopsy proven patients were subjected to USG. From which 32 patients had suspicious of metastatic deposits which were subjected to USG Guided FNAC. Rest 48 patients Normal Axilla. From 32 suspicious patients undergone USG Guided FNAC 15 showed deposits in Axilla which were subjected to ALND. Rest 17 Negative under USG guided FNAC along with 48 Normal Axilla patients were subjected to blue dye SLNB i.e., Total of 65 cases. i). From these 65 cases which undergone SLNB 4 cases (23.5%) showed metastatic deposit in USG guided FNAC Negative cases (17 total cases) and 8 cases (16.6%) showed metastatic deposit in USG Normal Axilla (48 Total cases) in frozen section. Which brings total SLNB of 18.4% (12 out of 65 cases). ii). These 12 cases were subjected to Axillary Lymph node dissection. The Final HPE study showed 100% metastatic deposits. iii). Remaining 53 cases were followed up for a period of 12 months. No local or Axillary recurrence could be observed in 53 patients who underwent SLNB without ALND. Short term results were very promising with combination of USG along with SLNB without ALND in SLNB negative cases and holds a strong future perspective.
ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY OF USING THERMOCHEMICAL GAS ANALYZERS IN A MULTICOMPONENT MIXTURE
Authors: Chernenko A. S. , Kalinchak V. V. , Roziznany M. V. , Kopiyka A. K. 
Published: April 2023

Kinetic parameters finding’s method of heterogeneous catalytic oxidation reactions of combustible gas’s small impurities in air on a thin platinum wire was described.
It consists in obtaining from the wire’s current-voltage characteristic the dependence of the critical current values on its mass fraction in air. They corresponding to the catalytic ignition and extintion of the gas impurity.
A method of determining the content of two combustible gases in the air, what based on processing the platinum wire’s current-voltage characteristic, was proposed. Depending on the level of the total gases concentration in the air, the determining experimental characteristics are not only the wire (catalyst) overheating relative to the inert wire under the conditions of catalytic ignition, but also the wire overheating during catalytic extinguishing or under conditions of self-sustaining catalytic combustion (without electric current heating).
Factors Influencing the Purchasing and Consumption of Unprescribed Pharmaceutical Products in Africa
Authors: Amoasi Richard , Aboagye Agyeman George 
Published: April 2023

The proliferation of pharmaceutical shops, licensed chemical sellers with it attendant over-the-counter-drugs, the limited availability of health facilities and the vast difference between the cost of attending a hospital and the cost of buying known-drugs for use has necessitated the readily preference for majority of people in Africa particularly the middle and the low income groups to buy unprescribed medicines from pharmaceutical shops for use whenever they detect a family member or a relative is not in a good state of health. The researchers sought to find out factors influencing majority in Africa buying medicines from medical shops for use without prescription, an issue destroying the youth as a result of abuse and in some cases putting the health of many in danger due to the little know how of the sales attendants in the medical shops. A sample size of 200 was used with a non-probability sampling method used to gather data obtained and a descriptive analysis used. The researchers identified the need for cost reduction for treatment to encourage hospital attendance and about a 200 bed capacity hospital per thousand of every household should be a policy in Africa. That a prescription should be inspected by both the pharmaceutical shops and other retailers prior to sale of pharmaceutical products or medicines.

Keywords: pharmaceutical shops, medicines, self-medication, consumption, unprescribed
The level of adipokines in young people with hypertension and abdominal obesity
Authors: Polonskaya Ya. V. , Kashtanova E. V. , Stakhneva E. M. , Shramko V. S. , Sadovski E. V. , Shcherbakova L. V. , Khudyakova A. D. , Ragino Yu. I. 
Published: April 2023

Objective. To investigate the adipokine blood profile in young people with hypertension (HTN) and abdominal obesity (AO). Design and methods. In total. 530 people were included in the study, including 267 people with HTN, of which 169 had AO. In the control group (without HTN) there were 263 people comparable to the study group by gender and age. Among them there were 106 people with AO. The blood levels of adiponectin, adipsin, lipocalin-2, resistin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were determined in all examined patients by multiplex analysis. Statistical data processing was carried out with the use of SPSS 13.0 program. Results. The levels of adiponectin and lipocalin-2 were lower in the group of HTN patients by 1,46 (p < 0,01) and 1,14 times (p < 0,05), respectively. The level of adipsin in HTN patients was significantly higher (p < 0,01) by 19,14 % compared to the control. The levels of resistin and PAI- did not differ in the control group and the group with HTN. Adiponectin level was 1,35 times lower (p < 0,05) in the group with AO compared to those without AO, the other indicators did not differ in the AO group and controls. In the HTN group, higher levels of PAI-1 were found in the subgroup with AO. When comparing the subgroup without HTN and without AO with the subgroup with HTN and AO, a significant decrease in concentration of adiponectin and lipocalin-2 was found. For the subgroups with AO, a decrease in adiponectin levels and an increase in adipsin levels (p < 0,01) were found in HTN patients. No statistically significant difference was found for the remaining indicators. The relative chance of early onset HTN was associated with the decrease in adiponectin and lipocalin-2 levels, and with the increase in adipsin levels, regardless of gender, age and the presence of AO. Conclusions. Thus, an increased level of adipsin and a reduced level of adiponectin and lipocalin-2 can serve as potential biomarkers indicating a high probability of developing early HTN in people under 45 years of age.
Cyfrowy nadzór w chińskim modelu autorytarnego kapitalizmu
Authors: Olszewska Karolina 
Published: April 2023

This paper examines the rise of digital authoritarianism in the 21st century. In this political regime, the state authorities exercise control over society via digital technologies while governing the national economy based chiefly on free-market principles.
The thesis consists of the statement that the elements of the digital economy, including artificial intelligence, digital platforms, and Internet of Things (IoT) communication, are the critical drivers of surveillance capitalism, characterized by unlimited access to any personal and business data. Subsequently, authoritarian governments benefit from possibilities of digital surveillance, including the control of media and the so-called behavioral surplus. It consequently leads to social manipulation, censorship, Internet shutdowns, and different kinds of punishment of citizens via social rating practices.
The analysis presents the case study of a model of Chinese digital authoritarianism, taking into account the rising popularity of this kind of regime in other countries, where political power is highly centralized. At the same time, the economic transformation has occurred there due to historical or specific geopolitical conditions.
The findings show that the development of digital authoritarianism is a consequence of surveillance capitalism, within which there is a global data flow via digital platforms. Although surveillance capitalism takes more sophisticated forms than digital authoritarianism, it still serves the same purposes of pursuing the interests of the political elites and influential market players, and it could be perilous for the democratic freedoms of citizens.
Sosialisasi Produk dan Sertifikasi Halal Serta Pelatihan Inovasi Produk Bagi UMKM
Authors: Riani Asri Laksmi , Sawitri Hunik Sri Runing , Istiqomah Suryandari , Suprapti Anastasia Riani , Aini Intan Novela Qurratul 
Published: April 2023

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja bisnis UMKM Desa Polengan melalui upaya meningkatkan kualitas dan inovasi produk. Metode dalam pengabdian dengan pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR) dimana pendekatan ini dimulai dengan melakukan analisis situasi dengan pihak desa dan BUMDES sehingga didapatkan berbagai data permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh UMKM yaitu antara lain: masih rendahnya pengetahuan tentang produk dan sertifikasi halal; rendahnya pengetahuan dan ketrampilan SDM dalam pengembangan produk/ inovasi produk. Oleh karena itu maka pengabdian ini melaksanakan kegiatan Sosialisasi Produksi dan sertifikasi halal dan Pelatihan Inovasi Produk serta penyerahan alat yang dibutuhkan UMKM. Hasil dari sosialisasi halal didapatkan bahwa UMKM semakin menyadari pentingnya sertifikasi halal dan tertarik untuk mengikuti sertifikasi halal yang dibantu oleh pemerintah. Sedangkan dari pelatihan inovasi produk yaitu pembuatan bayam krispi dan kripik belut daun singkong menarik perhatian warga untuk mencoba memproduksi kripik tersebut karena bahan yang mudah untuk didapatkan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 20 Juli 2022 dengan jumlah peserta 20 UMKM di Desa Polengan. Kesadaran masyarakat Desa Polengan akan produk halal dan inovasi produk ini diharapkan akan meningkatkan kinerja bisnis UMKM kedepannya. This service aims to improve the business performance of Polengan Village SMEs through efforts to enhance product quality and innovation. The method of service is the Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach where this approach begins by conducting a situation analysis with the village and BUMDES so that various data on problems faced by MSMEs are obtained, namely: low knowledge about products and halal certification; low HR knowledge and skills in product development/ product innovation. Therefore, this service carries out Halal Production and Certification Socialization activities, Product Innovation Training, and handing over the tools that MSMEs need. The results of the halal socialization found that MSMEs are increasingly aware of the importance of halal certification and are interested in participating in halal certification assisted by the government. While the product innovation training, namely making crispy spinach and cassava leaf eel chips, attracted the attention of residents to try to produce these chips because the ingredients were easy to obtain. This service activity was carried out on July 20, 2022, with 20 SMEs in Polengan Village. The awareness of the people of Polengan Village about halal products and product innovation will improve the SMEs business performance in the future.