bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain texture as a marker of transdiagnostic clinical profiles in patients with recent-onset psychosis and depression
Authors: Korda Alexandra , Andreou Christina , Ruef Anne , Hahn Lisa , Schmidt André , Dannlowski Udo , Kambeitz-Ilankovic Lana , Dwyer Dominic , Kambeitz Joseph , Wenzel Julian , Ruhrmann Stephan , Salokangas Raimo , Pantelis Christos , Schultze-Lutter Frauke , Meisenzahl Eva , Brambilla Paolo , Selvaggi Pierluigi , Upthegrove Rachel , Lalousis Paris Alexandros , Riecher-Rössler Anita , Davatzikos Christos , Lencer Rebekka , Koutsouleris Nikolaos , Borgwardt Stefan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Prediction models of brain texture changes in recent-onset psychosis (ROP) and recent-onset depression (ROD) have lately been proposed. The validation of these models transdiagnostically at the individual level and the investigation of the variability in clinical profiles are still missing. Established prevention and treatment approaches focus on specific diagnoses and do not address the heterogeneity and manifold potential outcomes of patients. We aimed to investigate the utility of brain texture changes for a) identification of the psychopathological state (ROP and ROD) and b) the association of individualized brain texture maps with clinical symptom severity and outcome profiles. We developed transdiagnostic models based on structural MRI data on 116 patients with ROD, 122 patients with ROP, and 197 healthy controls (HC) from the Personalised pROgNostic tools for early psychosIs mAnagement (PRONIA) study by applying explainable artificial intelligence and clustering analysis. We investigated the contrast texture feature as the key feature for the identification of a general psychopathological state. The discrimination power of the trained prediction model was > 72% and validated in a second independent age and sex-matched sample of 137 ROP, 94 ROD, and 159 HC. Clustering analysis was implemented to map the texture brain changes produced from an explainable artificial intelligence algorithm, in a group fashion. The explained individualized brain contrast map grouped into 8 homogeneous clusters. In each group, we investigated the association between the explained brain contrast texture map and clinical symptom severity as well as outcome profiles. Different patterns in the explained brain contrast texture map showed unique associations of brain alterations with clinical symptom severity and clinical outcomes, i.e., age, positive, negative and depressive symptoms, and functionality. In some clusters, the mean explained brain contrast texture map values and/or brain contrast texture voxels significantly contribute to the classification decision significantly predicted PANSS scores, functionality and change in functionality over time. In conclusion, we created homogeneous clusters which statistically significant predict the clinical severity and outcome profile.
1st Trimester Identification of Fetal Sex by Ultrasound
Authors: Schaefer Emma C , McKenna David S , Sonek Jiri D 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The hypothesis was fetal sex determination by ultrasound at 11–14 weeks’ gestation has sufficient accuracy to be clinically relevant.
Methods
Fetal sex assessment by transabdominal ultrasound was performed in 567 fetuses at 11–14 weeks’ gestation (CRL: 45–84 mm). A midsagittal view of the genital region was obtained. The angle of the genital tubercle to a horizontal line through the lumbosacral skin surface was measured. The fetus was assigned male sex if the angle was > 30 degrees, and female sex if the genital tubercle was parallel or convergent (< 10 degrees). At an intermediate angle of 10–30 degrees the sex was not assigned. The results were divided into three categories based on gestational age: 11 + 2 to 12 + 1, 12 + 2 to 13 + 1, and 13 + 2 to 14 + 1 weeks’ gestation. To establish its accuracy, the first trimester fetal sex determination was compared to fetal sex determined on a mid-second trimester ultrasound.
Results
Sex assignment was successful in 534/683 (78%) of the cases. The overall accuracy of fetal sex assignment across all gestational ages studied was 94.4%. It was 88.3%, 94.7%, and 98.6% at 11 + 2 to 12 + 1, 12 + 2 to 13 + 1, and 13 + 2 to 14 + 1 weeks’ gestation, respectively.
Conclusion
Prenatal sex assignment at the time of first trimester ultrasound screening has a high accuracy rate. The accuracy improved with increasing gestational age, which suggests that if clinically important decisions, such as chorionic villus sampling, are to be made based on fetal sex, they should be delayed until the latter part of the first trimester.
Successful treatment with doxycycline monotherapy for human infection with Babesia venatorum (Babesiidae, Sporozoa) in China: a case report and clinic regimen
Authors: Huang Lei , Huo Dan-Dan , Xu Ming , Xia Luo-Yuan , Yang Ning , Wei Hong , Huang Ling , Nie Wei-Min , Liao Ru-He , Zhang Ming-Zhu , Zhu Dai-Yun , Li Yan , Ma He-Cheng , Zhang Xin , Li Yong-Gang , Huang Xin-An , Wang Jing-Yuan , Cao Wu-Chun , Sun Yi , Wang Fu-Sheng , Jiang Jia-Fu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Human babesiosis is a worldwide disease caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Babesia, which are transmitted by bites from ixodid ticks but also mechanically transmitted by blood transfusion. This disease is primarily treated with quinine and/or atovaquone, which are not readily available in China. A novel treatment regimen with doxycycline monotherapy in one severe patient with Babesia venatorum infection was achieved as an alternative therapeutic medication.
Case presentation: A 73-year-old male who underwent splenectomy and blood transfusion 8 years previously had unexplained fever, headache and thrombocytopenia and was admitted to the Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital. The cases were confirmed to be infected with B. venatorum by morphological observations on thin peripheral blood smears, multi-gene PCR, and sequencing of the entire 18s-rRNA and partial β-tubulin encoding genes, as well as isolation by animal inoculation. The doxycycline monotherapy regimen was administered following pharmacological guidance and an effective outcome was observed. The patient recovered rapidly following doxycycline monotherapy. The Babesia protozoan load in peripheral blood samples decreased by 88% in hematocrit counts 8 days later, and negative PCR results were achieved in 90 days when he was examined in our hospital. The treatment course of the patient lasted 3 months without side effects or sequelae. The 9-month follow-up survey of the patient did not show signs of recrudescence or anti-babesial tolerance.
Conclusions: We first reported an interesting clinical practice of successful doxycycline monotherapy for human babesiosis caused by B. venatorum, which provides an optional medical intervention for human babesiosis.
Reproductive phenology, morphoagronomic variability, and selection of mother plants of Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae)
Authors: Morais Gabriela Corrêa , Resende Rafael Tassinari , Chaves Lázaro José 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Hancornia speciosa is a fruit tree species with potential for exploitation, which makes the adoption of strategies related to its conservation and breeding relevant. Our study aimed to investigate the reproductive phenology, estimate genetic variability, and identify superior H. speciosa genotypes among the accessions that compose the germplasm collection of the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. Experimental data were obtained from 143 individual accessions. Evaluation of reproductive phenology was conducted on an arbitrary scale of points assigned to trees monthly. Morphological characterization was based on a list of 20 qualitative descriptors and 12 quantitative traits. The dissimilarity between and within botanical varieties and their correlation with the geographic distance of the origin populations were investigated. Analysis of variance components was performed using the Restricted Maximum Likelihood/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction procedure using two linear models. The selection of the ≈ 10% best individual accessions was performed considering genetic and genotypic values. With the exception of H. speciosa var. speciosa, the botanical varieties that compose the germplasm collection showed similar reproductive patterns, with a peak in fruit appearance in August. Morphological dissimilarity was smaller within botanical varieties. Among the botanical varieties, dissimilarity was generally positively correlated with the geographic distance. The adoption of a multivariate selection index procedure enables the prediction of genetic gains, resulting in the selection of genotypes from different similarity groups. Clone selection is the most promising strategy for the improvement of H. speciosa, ensuring a better response to selection in the short term than recurrent selection.
Characterization and in-vitro Alzheimer's Properties of Exopolysaccharide from Bacillus maritimus MSM1
Authors: Selim Manal S. , Mohamed Sahar S. , Asker Mohsen S. , Ibrahim Abeer Y. , El-Newary Samah A. , Awady Mohamed E. El 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Four bacterial isolates were obtained from marine sediments collected from Sahl Hashish, Hurghada Red Sea, Egypt. The four isolates were screened for exopolysaccharides (EPSs) production and acetylcholinesterase inhibition. The most promising isolate S16 provided the highest EPS yield (7.51 g/L) and acetylcholinesterase inhibition. It was identified morphologically and genetically using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as Bacillus maritimus. Physico-chemical analysis of BMEPS using UV-Vis was estimated uronic acid and sulfate contents are 24.7% and 18.3%, respectively. HPLC analysis indicated that mannuronic acid, glucouronic acid, glucose, and mannose are presented in a molar ratio of 0.8:1.0:2.8:2.3, respectively. Furthermore, FT-IR revealed an abundance of β-configurations. The GPC estimated the average molecular weight (Mw) as 4.31104 g/mol. BMEPS successfully inhibited AChE (IC50; 691.77± 8.65μg/ ml), BChE (IC50; 288.27±10.50μg/ ml), and tyrosinase (IC50; 3.34±0.09, 14.00± 0.14, and 22.96 ± 1.23μg/ ml during incubation durations of 10, 20, and 40 minutes). It also demonstrated a selective anti-inflammatory action against COX-2 rather than COX-1. Furthermore, BMEPS showed powerful antioxidant capabilities such as free radical and oxygen reactive species (ROS) scavenging, metal chelation, reduction capacbility, and suppression of lipid peroxidation. These activities are due to their distinct chemical composition. The findings of this study indicate that BMEPS has shown promising anti-disease Alzheimer's (AD) activity in vitro, qualifying them for inclusion in advanced In-vivo studies for the discovery of alternative treatments.
Postseismic gravity changes after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake observed by superconducting gravimeters at Mizusawa, Japan
Authors: Tamura Yoshiaki , Kazama Takahito , Nishiyama Ryuichi , Matsuo Koji , Imanishi Yuichi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Postseismic gravity changes after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (Mw9.0) were investigated using the data from superconducting gravimeters (SGs) at Mizusawa, Japan. The data in the period from 2014 to 2021 were used in the analysis. The SG data were first corrected for instrumental drift using the results of absolute gravity measurements. Then, correction for the hydrological effect was applied based on physical modeling of soil moisture. Finally, the effect of vertical displacement of the station (free-air effect) was corrected using GNSS data. After these corrections, residual gravity indicated a long-term increase, with its rate gradually decreasing with time. This fact suggests that viscoelastic relaxation after the earthquake played an important role in producing the long-term gravity changes. Fitting a decaying exponential function of time to the residual series yielded 89.4 ± 4.4 µGal as the total gravity change and 635 ± 17 days as the characteristic time scale. In addition to the ground-based observations, the data from satellite gravity missions GRACE/GRACE-FO were analyzed to retrieve gravity changes at Mizusawa. Similar analysis of the satellite-based data yielded 18.5 ± 2.8 µGal as the total gravity change and 4270 ± 1000 days as the characteristic time scale. The difference in the estimates of the total gravity change, of a factor of about 5, from the ground-based and the satellite-based observations may be attributed to the limited spatial resolution in the latter method. The difference in the estimates of the time scale, of a factor of about 1/7, may originate from the difference in the depth where the two kinds of gravimetries are mainly sensitive. Referring to recent theoretical studies on postseismic deformations after the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, our results can be interpreted consistently by assuming the existence of a layer of viscoelastic materials with viscosity 2×1018 Pa s underneath the Tohoku area of Japan.
Breastfeeding demand of mothers of preterm infants in China: a qualitative study informed by the Behaviour Change Wheel
Authors: Yu Yaqi , Liu Qianru , Xiong Xiaoju , Luo Ying , Song Wenshuai , Xie Wen , Fu Maoling , Yang Qiaoyue , Yu Genzhen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Breastfeeding has been recognized as the golden standard, but the breastfeeding rates of preterm infants remain low globally. Due to the lack of sound theoretical framework and the attention to maternal needs in breastfeeding, the overall evidence and effectiveness of intervention is limited. This study aimed to explore Chinese preterm mothers’ demands on breastfeeding using the Behaviour Change Wheel to provide insight into the future design of breastfeeding behavior-enhancing intervention.
Method
A qualitative descriptive design was conducted in Wuhan in 2022. Based on purposeful sampling, 14 preterm mothers were recruited from a NICU in a Grade Ⅲ Class A hospital in Wuhan, China. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data using the interview guide developed by the Theoretical Domains Framework. Theoretical Thematic Analysis was used to review the data in 6 steps to identify themes.
Results
Five major themes emerged: (1) capability: infants’ cues reading and abnormalities identification, coping knowledge accumulation, and skills training; (2) physical opportunity: cleanliness and peace in the home, privacy and breastfeeding aids in public places; (3) social opportunity: family co-parenting, peer support, authoritative advocacy; (4) reflective motivation: health outcome information; (5) automatic motivation: maternal-infant bonding, free of aversive stimulus.
Conclusion
Preterm mothers’ demands for breastfeeding were diverse including capability improvement, physical and social opportunities acquirement, as well as increase in reflective and automatic motivation. People, resources and environments associated with the demands should be engaged to enhance capability, create opportunities, and promote motivation. Future studies are needed to design effective interventions according to mothers’ specific demands.
Prevalence of sexual dysfunction after breast cancer compared to controls, a study from CONSTANCES cohort
Authors: MANGIARDI-VELTIN Manon , MULLAERT Jimmy , COEURET-PELLICER Mireille , GOLDBERG Marcel , ZINS Marie , ROUZIER Roman , HEQUET Delphine , BONNEAU Claire 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose

Sexuality, a substantial factor in quality of life, may be altered after breast cancer (BC) treatments as they intimately afflict femininity. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with a history of BC and to compare it with women without a BC history.

Methods

The French general epidemiological cohort CONSTANCES includes more than 200,000 adults. All inclusion questionnaires from CONSTANCES non-virgin adult female participants were analyzed. Women reporting a history of BC were compared to controls in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was performed to highlight any demographic risk factor for sexual dysfunction.

Results

Among the 2,680 participants who had a history of BC, 34% did not engage in sexual intercourse (SI) in the month preceding the completion of the questionnaire (n=911), 34% had pain during SI (n=901) and 30% were not satisfied with their sex life (n=803). After adjustment on age, sexual dysfunction was significantly more frequent in women who had a history of BC: they had less frequent SI (OR 0.59 [0.54,0.64], p<0.001), experienced more pain during SI (OR 1.26 [1.16; 1.37], p<0.001) and were less satisfied with their sex life (OR 0.65 [0.60; 0.70], p<0.001).

Conclusions

Overall, in this real-life study in a large national cohort, history of BC appeared to be a risk factor for sexual disorders.

Implications for Cancer Survivors

Efforts to detect sexual disorders in BC survivors and offer quality support must be pursued.
Short-Term Outcomes Following Total Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot in Adult Patients
Authors: Khajali Zahra , Mohammadi Nasibeh , Maleki Majid , Saedi Sedigheh , Norouzi Zeinab , Mazloum-Zadeh Saideh , Toluitabar Yaser , Chenaghlou Maryam , Jalali Amirhossein , Tatari Hasan , Aliramezany Maryam 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectivs:
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a common congenital heart disease which should be corrected. The recommended time for the Tetralogy of Fallot Total Correction (TFTC) surgery is during the infancy for the possible difficulties during the surgery and the related issues. However, sometimes TOF is diagnosed and managed during the adulthood.
Methods
This study is a descriptive and retrospective one which included all patients who underwent TFTC at age of 15-year and older in a 10 -year period (between the years 2010 and 2020) to identify short-term (including in-hospital mortality, ICU Length of stay, respiratory complications after the surgery such as: pulmonary edema, pneumonia and etc. and bleeding after the surgery) and one-year (including left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), right ventricle (RV) ejection fraction, severity of tricuspid regurgitation and aortic regurgitation after surgery) outcomes. All data were taken from medical records at Shahid Rajaei Hear Center. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.
Results
94 patients with the mean age of 26.7 ± 9.6 years were enrolled. Most of them were male (59.6%) (P-value: 0.009). In-hospital mortality in our study were 5.3%. Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was significantly resolved after the surgery (P-value: 0.006). Also, the correction of pulmonary size after the surgery was significant (P-value: 0.000).
Conclusion
This study showed that the surgery at older age is safe and the results are acceptable. Aging is not a contraindication for TFTC and surgery should be recommended if the patients are diagnosed with TOF at adulthood. Also, screening TOF in adult patients should be considered.
PLANTS+: Improving Ant Colony Algorithms for Drug Design
Authors: Donati Luca , Fackeldey Konstantin , Weber Marcus 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Docking is a fundamental problem in computational biology that seeks to predict a ligand's binding mode and affinity to a target protein. The accurate prediction of protein-ligand interactions is crucial for drug discovery and design. However, the large search space size and the complexity of the underlying physical interactions make docking a challenging task requiring advanced computational techniques. Here, we review the PLANTS method, based on the ant colony optimization algorithm, that determines the optimal pose and ranks a set of molecules based on their binding affinity. PLANTS analyzes each ligand individually, then for each candidate, it solves a minimization problem. As an alternative, we propose PLANTS+, which considers all energy functions collectively and solves one single minimization problem. Our benchmark test results indicate that PLANTS+ outperforms PLANTS in accuracy and efficiency.
Estimating subnational prevalence trends of cardiovascular disease risk factors, tobacco use, overweight, and obesity in East Africa using adaptive kernel density estimation for survey data
Authors: Keino Barbara Chebet , Carrel Margaret 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Overweight/obesity and tobacco use are modifiable CVD risk factors, however literature about the spatiotemporal dynamics of these risk factors in the region at subnational or local scales is lacking. We describe the spatiotemporal trends of overweight/obesity and tobacco use at subnational and subpopulation levels over a 13-year period (2003 to 2016) in five East African nations.Methods:Cross-sectional, nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) were used to explore the subnational spatiotemporal patterns of tobacco use and overweight/obesity in Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda, five East African Community (EAC) nations with unique cultural landscapes influencing CVD risk factors. Adaptive kernel density estimation and logistic regression were used to determine the spatial distribution and change over time of CVD risk factors on a subnational and subpopulation (rural/urban) scale.Results: Subnational and subpopulation analysis shows that regional and national level analysis masks important trends in CVD risk factor prevalence. Overweight/obesity and tobacco use trends were not similar: overweight/obesity prevalence increased across most nations included in the study and the inverse was true for tobacco use prevalence. Urban populations in each nation were more likely to be overweight/obese than rural populations, although the magnitude of difference varied widely between nations. Although the prevalence of overweight/obesity increased over time in both urban and rural populations, spatial analysis revealed that the rate of change was not equal across all urban and rural areas. Rural populations were more likely to use tobacco than urban populations, though the likelihood of use varied substantially between nations. Additionally, spatial analysis showed that tobacco use was not distributed evenly over space: tobacco use increased in and around major cities and urban centers but declined in rural areas.Conclusions: We highlight the importance of de-homogenizing research about CVD risk factors in SSA. Studies of national prevalence trends for CVD risk factors mask important information about subpopulation and place-specific behavior and drivers of risk factor prevalence. Spatially explicit studies are vital to understand local drivers of risk factor trends which can in turn inform policy and public health intervention.
Minimally invasive resection of heart valve papillary fibroelastoma: two case reports and review of the literature
Authors: Phan Thuan Q. , Pham Chuong T.V. , Bui Vinh D.A. , Ho Thang D. , Le Thao N. , Nguyen Thanh V.T. , Nguyen Dang , Vuong Minh N. , Nguyen Dinh H. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Cardiac papillary fibroelastomas are rare, accounting for approximately 10% of all cardiac tumors, with 44% of cases located on the aortic valve and only 15% of cases located on the tricuspid valve. However, the optimal management of papillary fibroelastomas remains varied.
Case Presentation:
We present two successful instances of treating heart valve papillary fibroelastomas through minimally invasive surgery. These cases involved heart valve papillary fibroelastomas located in two common sites: the aortic valve on the left heart, which was accessed via an upper hemi-sternotomy, and the tricuspid valve on the right heart, which was accessed via beating heart total thoracoscopy.
Conclusion:
The article consistently demonstrates the effectiveness of a minimally invasive surgical approach in managing heart valve papillary fibroelastomas. This study provides further evidence by presenting two cases of heart valve papillary fibroelastomas - one on the aortic valve and the other on the tricuspid valve - that were successfully treated using this approach, resulting in favorable outcomes.