bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty-aware Energy Harvest Prediction and Management for IoT Devices
Authors: Yamin Nuzhat , Bhat Ganapati 
Published: June 2023

Internet of things (IoT) devices are popular in several high-impact applications such as mobile healthcare and digital agriculture. However, IoT devices have limited operating lifetime due to their small form factor. Harvesting energy from ambient sources is an effective method to supplement the battery. Energy harvesting necessitates development of energy management policies to manage the harvested energy. Designing optimal policies for energy management is challenging for
two
key reasons: (1) ambient energy sources are highly stochastic; therefore, energy management policies must consider the associated uncertainty; (2) energy management policies must consider future energy availability while making decisions to ensure that sufficient energy is available when there is no ambient energy. Prior approaches typically consider energy in the immediate future (e.g., 1 hour) and do not account for the uncertainty in future energy harvest. This article proposes novel machine learning and dynamic optimization-based approaches to handle the two challenges. Specifically, we first develop a novel set of features and use it in a low-power neural network architecture to predict future energy availability and uncertainty. The energy predictions and uncertainty are used in a dynamic optimization algorithm to optimally allocate the harvested energy. Experiments on solar energy data over 5 years from Golden, Colorado, show that the proposed energy prediction model achieves 3.4 J mean absolute error while having a coverage of 80%. Moreover, our energy management algorithm provides energy allocations that are within 2.5 J of an optimal Oracle with 2.65 mJ to 36.54 mJ of energy overhead.
LRS Bianchi Type-I String Cosmological Models in
f

Q

Gravity
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Singh Manvinder , Bajaj Mohit , Kotb Hossam , Hermann Djeudjo Temene 
Published: June 2023

In the current study, we studied a

f

Q

-gravitational, anisotropic, locally rotationally symmetric (LRS), Bianchi type-I spacetime universe. We have adopted the freely chosen function

f

Q

=
Q
+
α

Q

, where

α

is a model-free parameter. We assumed that the universe is filled with dusty string fluid and that the shear scalar (

σ

) and the expansion scalar (

θ

) are proportional to each other in order to solve field equations for the average Hubble parameter (

H

). The resultant Hubble function has been fitted with observational datasets

H

z

and SNe Ia datasets of apparent magnitude

m

z

in order to obtain the best fit values for the cosmological parameters. Utilizing these best fit values throughout the analysis, many cosmic phenomena are examined. We have investigated cosmographic coefficients such as

H
,
q
,
j
,
a
n
d

s

to see if an accelerated transit phase dark energy model of the cosmos exists. Also, we have classified the dark energy models that are explored using Om diagnostic analysis; our universe model is a quintessential dark energy model. The age of the universe as it exists right now has been roughly calculated by the model.
Novel Tissue Factor Inhibition for Thromboprophylaxis in COVID-19: Primary Results of the ASPEN-COVID-19 Trial
Authors: Hess Connie N. , Hsia Judith , Carroll Ian A. , Nehler Mark R. , Ruf Wolfram , Morrow David A. , Nicolau Jose C. , Berwanger Otavio , Szarek Michael , Capell Warren H. , Johri Shilpa , Pursley Michael S. , Gupta Ryan , Meehan Patrick S. , Franchi Francesco , Effron Mark B. , Marshall Debra , Graybill Christopher A. , Huebler Sophia P. , Keuer Thomas , Bristow Michael R. , Bonaca Marc P. 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Thrombo-inflammation is central to COVID-19-associated coagulopathy. TF (tissue factor), a driver of disordered coagulation and inflammation in viral infections, may be a therapeutic target in COVID-19. The safety and efficacy of the novel TF inhibitor rNAPc2 (recombinant nematode anticoagulation protein c2) in COVID-19 are unknown.

METHODS:
ASPEN-COVID-19 was an international, randomized, open-label, active comparator clinical trial with blinded end point adjudication. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and elevated D-dimer levels were randomized 1:1:2 to lower or higher dose rNAPc2 on days 1, 3, and 5 followed by heparin on day 8 or to heparin per local standard of care. In comparisons of the pooled rNAPc2 versus heparin groups, the primary safety end point was major or nonmajor clinically relevant International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis bleeding through day 8. The primary efficacy end point was proportional change in D-dimer concentration from baseline to day 8, or discharge if before day 8. Patients were followed for 30 days.

RESULTS:

Among 160 randomized patients, median age was 54 years, 43.1% were female, and 38.8% had severe baseline COVID-19. There were no significant differences between rNAPc2 and heparin in bleeding or other safety events. Overall, median change in D-dimer was −16.8% (interquartile range, −45.7 to 36.8;
P
=0.41) with rNAPc2 treatment and −11.2% (−36.0 to 34.4;
P
=0.91) with heparin (
P
intergroup
=0.47). In prespecified analyses, in severely ill patients, D-dimer levels tended to increase more within the heparin (median, 29.0% [−14.9 to 145.2];
P
=0.02) than the rNAPc2 group (median, 25.9% [−49.1 to 136.4];
P
=0.14;
P
intergroup
=0.96); in mildly ill patients, D-dimer levels were reduced within each group with a numerically greater reduction with rNAPc2 versus heparin (rNAPc2 median, −32.7% [−44.7 to 4.3];
P
=0.007 and heparin median, −16.8% [−36.0 to 0.5];
P
=0.008,
P
intergroup
=0.34).

CONCLUSIONS:
rNAPc2 treatment in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 was well tolerated without excess bleeding or serious adverse events but did not significantly reduce D-dimer more than heparin at day 8.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04655586.
Predictors of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Moderate Aortic Stenosis: Implications for Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Howard Travis , Majmundar Monil , Sarin Shlok , Kumar Ashish , Ajay Abhishek , Krishnaswamy Amar , Reed Grant W. , Harb Serge C. , Harmon Evan , Dykun Iryna , Ghandakly Elizabeth , Kapadia Samir R. , Kalra Ankur , Puri Rishi 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Although the prognosis and management of severe aortic stenosis has been extensively studied, the risk stratification and outcomes of patients with moderate aortic stenosis remain elusive.

METHODS:

This study included 674 patients from the Cleveland Clinic Health System with moderate aortic stenosis (aortic valve area, 1–1.5 cm
2
; mean gradient, 20–40 mm Hg; and peak velocity <4 m/s) and an NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) level within 3 months of index diagnosis. The primary outcome of major adverse cardiovascular events (defined as the composite outcome of progression to severe aortic stenosis requiring aortic valve replacement, heart failure hospitalization, or death) was extracted from the electronic medical record.

RESULTS:

The mean age was 75.3±12 years, and 57% were men. During a median follow-up of 316 days, the composite end point occurred in 305 patients. There were 132 (19.6%) deaths, 144 (21.4%) heart failure hospitalizations, and 114 (16.9%) patients underwent aortic valve replacement. Elevated NT-proBNP (1.41 [95% CI, 1.01–1.95];
P
=0.048), diabetes (1.46 [95% CI, 1.08–1.96];
P
=0.01), elevated averaged mitral valve E/e′ ratio (hazard ratio, 1.57 [95% CI, 1.18–2.10];
P
<0.01), and presence atrial fibrillation at the time of index echocardiogram (hazard ratio, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.15–2.91];
P
=0.01) were each independently associated with an increased hazard for the composite outcome and when taken collectively, each of these factors incrementally increased risk.

CONCLUSIONS:
These results further elucidate the relatively poor short-medium term outcomes and risk stratification of patients with moderate aortic stenosis, supporting randomized trials assessing the efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in this population.
Cardiac Cachexia in Left Ventricular Assist Device Recipients and the Implications of Weight Gain Early After Implantation
Authors: Vest Amanda R. , Price Lori Lyn , Chanda Anindita , Sweigart Benjamin A. , Chery Joronia , Lawrence Matthew , Parsly Lauren , Gulati Gaurav , Kiernan Michael S. , Upshaw Jenica N. , Kawabori Masashi , Couper Gregory S. , Saltzman Edward 
Published: June 2023

Background
Severe cardiac cachexia or malnutrition are commonly considered relative contraindications to left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, but post‐LVAD prognosis for patients with cachexia is uncertain.

Methods and Results

Intermacs (Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support) 2006 to 2017 was queried for the preimplantation variable cachexia/malnutrition. Cox proportional hazards modeling examined the relationship between cachexia and LVAD outcomes. Of 20 332 primary LVAD recipients with available data, 516 (2.54%) were reported to have baseline cachexia and had higher risk baseline characteristics. Cachexia was associated with higher mortality during LVAD support (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.36 [95% CI, 1.18–1.56];
P
<0.0001), persisting after adjustment for baseline characteristics (adjusted HR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.0–1.42];
P
=0.005). Mean weight change at 12 months was +3.9±9.4 kg. Across the cohort, weight gain ≥5% during the first 3 months of LVAD support was associated with lower mortality (unadjusted HR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.84–0.98];
P
=0.012; adjusted HR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.82–0.97];
P
=0.006).

Conclusions
The proportion of LVAD recipients recognized to have cachexia preimplantation was low at 2.5%. Recognized cachexia was independently associated with higher mortality during LVAD support. Early weight gain ≥5% was independently associated with lower mortality during subsequent LVAD support.
Yield of Familial Hypercholesterolemia Genetic and Phenotypic Diagnoses After Electronic Health Record and Genomic Data Screening
Authors: Gidding Samuel S. , Kirchner H. Lester , Brangan Andrew , Howard William , Kelly Melissa A. , Myers Kelly D. , Morgan Kelly M. , Oetjens Matthew T. , Shuey Timothy C. , Staszak David , Strande Natasha T. , Walters Nicole L. , Yu Kristen D. , Wilemon Katherine A. , Williams Marc S. , Sturm Amy C. , Jones Laney K. 
Published: June 2023

Background
Data mining of electronic health records to identify patients suspected of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) has been limited by absence of both phenotypic and genomic data in the same cohort.

Methods and Results

Using the Geisinger MyCode Community Health Initiative cohort (n=130 257), we ran 2 screening algorithms (Mayo Clinic [Mayo] and flag, identify, network, deliver [FIND] FH) to determine FH genetic and phenotypic diagnostic yields. With 29 243 excluded by Mayo (for secondary causes of hypercholesterolemia, no lipid value in electronic health records), 52 034 excluded by FIND FH (insufficient data to run the model), and 187 excluded for prior FH diagnosis, a final cohort of 59 729 participants was created. Genetic diagnosis was based on presence of a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in FH genes. Charts from 180 variant‐negative participants (60 controls, 120 identified by FIND FH and Mayo) were reviewed to calculate Dutch Lipid Clinic Network scores; a score ≥5 defined probable phenotypic FH. Mayo flagged 10 415 subjects; 194 (1.9%) had a pathogenic or likely pathogenic FH variant. FIND FH flagged 573; 34 (5.9%) had a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant, giving a net yield from both of 197 out of 280 (70%). Confirmation of a phenotypic diagnosis was constrained by lack of electronic health record data on physical findings or family history. Phenotypic FH by chart review was present by Mayo and/or FIND FH in 13 out of 120 versus 2 out of 60 not flagged by either (
P
<0.09).

Conclusions
Applying 2 recognized FH screening algorithms to the Geisinger MyCode Community Health Initiative identified 70% of those with a pathogenic or likely pathogenic FH variant. Phenotypic diagnosis was rarely achievable due to missing data.
The Crimean Khan Şahin Giray (1777–1783): The First Modernizer of the Islamic World and his Image in Imperial and Minority Perspectives
Authors: Akhiezer Golda 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The last Tatar khan in the Crimean Peninsula, Şahin Giray, lived during the period that saw the annexation of this Ottoman suzerainty by the Russian Empire. He is the first recorded Muslim ruler in history who tried to introduce a program of modernization based on contemporary European models, and his reforms concerned all spheres of Tatar society. In spite of his collaboration with the Russian Empire, Russian historiography is generally critical toward this khan and skeptical regarding his reforms. The Ottoman historians saw Şahin as a traitor, therefore his achievements were ignored in their writings. A completely different approach regarding Şahin Giray and his innovations can be found in a little-known Jewish-Karaite chronicle, presenting an additional cultural-historical dimension from the perspective of minorities. The purpose of the present article is to analyze political and socio-cultural factors of these distinctions between the imperial standpoint and minority perspective.
Behavioural interactions between sika deer and Japanese serows: are larger and gregarious ungulates dominant?
Authors: Takada H. , Yano R. , Watanabe H. , Ohuchi R. , Kanno T. , Washida A. , Nakamura K. , Tezuka N. , Shimodoumae D. , Minami M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In ungulate assemblages, although interspecific differences in body size and gregariousness are thought to have a direct impact on winning or losing in interference competition, this has not been fully investigated. We observed a total of 64 instances of interspecific contact between larger-gregarious sika deer and smaller-solitary Japanese serows over eight years field observations. Deer-to-serow aggression were never observed. Whereas, serows showed antagonistic behaviour, such as walk push and chasing, to deer, but could rarely displace deer. Serows showed higher alertness to deer than deer did to serows. These results suggest that larger-gregarious ungulates do not necessarily exclude smaller-solitary ones and serows are sensitive to the presence of deer. Differences in aggressiveness and alertness between deer and serows may reflect differences in territoriality: serows may be more sensitive to the invasion of deer into their territory. Serows’ sensitivity to deer may have a negative effect on their population.
Objects of the Anthropocene: Mapping Material-Emotional Culture from Human Beginnings to the End Times
Authors: James Paul , Ström Timothy Erik 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objects are complicated things, and no less so when they are created by us. We layer created objects with additional emotional meaning. Understanding the complexity of this layering requires much more than tracing the narrative history of an object. This essay is about the objects that we make and appropriate. In particular, the essay suggests that objects need to be understood sensitively both in the context of global human history, and the ontological framing of the various moments of their creation, use, appropriation and reception. The essay folds around four contentions. Objects are central to the narration of social relations and emotional life. Objects, as carriers of meaning, move across different ontological orientations. Objects exist in multiple and ontologically different time frames, sometimes at the same time. And objects mediate our (human) relation to the larger social and natural world, even as they (and we) are part of that world.
A Textual Problem Concerning ‮בּוֹא אֶל‬‎ and ‮בָּעַל‬‎ in Deut 22:13
Authors: Carbonell Ortiz Clara 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The presence of συνοικέω in LXX Deut 22:13 does not account for the verb in the MT (‮בּוֹא אֶל‬‎), especially given how systematic Greek translators were in rendering this Hebrew expression, even in its sexual meaning, into verbs of movement. The existing scholarly literature has tended to overlook this discrepancy between the LXX and the MT. Attention has been paid primarily to the disagreement between the latter and the corresponding quotation in the Temple Scroll (11Q19). This article refutes the arguments that take for granted the deliberate change of MT ‮וּבָא אֵלֶיהָ‬‎ into ‮ובעלה‬‎ by the author of the Temple Scroll and proves that the oddity of the Greek translation is preferably explained by the hypothesis of a Hebrew Vorlage common to the LXX and the Temple Scroll and distinct from the MT. Additionally, this article offers another case of textual variation—albeit in postbiblical literature—between sexual ‮בּוֹא אל‬‎ and ‮בָּעַל‬‎.
Atmospheric Latent Energy Transport Pathways into the Arctic and Their Connections to Sea Ice Loss during Winter over the Observational Period
Authors: Liang Yu , Bi Haibo , Lei Ruibo , Vihma Timo , Huang Haijun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To investigate patterns of horizontal atmospheric latent energy (LE) transport toward the Arctic, we applied the self-organizing maps (SOM) method to the daily vertically integrated horizontal LE flux from ERA5 in winter (January–March) during 1979–2021. A clear picture depicting the LE transport to the Arctic at a synoptic scale then emerged, with four primary transport pathways identified: the northern Europe, the Davis Strait, the Greenland Sea, and the Bering Strait pathways. The four primary pathways occurred at a comparable frequency, and noticeable interannual variability was observed in their time series of frequency during 1979–2021. Further analysis suggested that the northward LE transport through all these pathways is significantly modulated by cyclones, with the northern Europe and the Greenland Sea pathways being mostly affected. Generally, more frequent and stronger cyclones were observed near the entry regions of LE transport compared to other regions. Moreover, this study provides a comprehensive picture of how atmospheric LE transport is related to air temperature, moisture, surface heat flux, and sea ice anomalies over the Arctic Ocean in winter. Through a thermodynamic perspective, we argue that the deleterious impacts of poleward LE transport on Arctic sea ice are to a large extent attributable to the enhanced local atmosphere–ice interactions, which increase downward longwave radiation (DLR) plus turbulent fluxes, consequently warming the surface and promoting the loss of sea ice. According to the quantitative results, among the four primary pathways, LE transport through the Davis Strait and the Greenland Sea could cause the loss of Arctic sea ice most efficiently.
Detection of Rain in Tropical Cyclones by Underwater Ambient Sound
Authors: Zhao Zhongxiang , D’Asaro Eric A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Rain in tropical cyclones is studied using eight time series of underwater ambient sound at 40–50 kHz with wind speeds up to 45 m s−1 beneath three tropical cyclones. At tropical cyclone wind speeds, rain- and wind-generated sound levels are comparable, and therefore rain cannot be detected by sound level alone. A rain detection algorithm that is based on the variations of 5–30-kHz sound levels with periods longer than 20 s and shorter than 30 min is proposed. Faster fluctuations (<20 s) are primarily due to wave breaking, and slower ones (>30 min) are due to overall wind variations. Higher-frequency sound (>30 kHz) is strongly attenuated by bubble clouds. This approach is supported by observations that, for wind speeds < 40 m s−1, the variation in sound level is much larger than that expected from observed wind variations and is roughly comparable to that expected from rain variations. The hydrophone results are consistent with rain estimates by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite and with Stepped-Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) and radar estimates by surveillance flights. The observations indicate that the rain-generated sound fluctuations have broadband acoustic spectra centered around 10 kHz. Acoustically detected rain events usually last for a few minutes. The data used in this study are insufficient to produce useful estimation of rain rate from ambient sound because of limited quantity and accuracy of the validation data. The frequency dependence of sound variations suggests that quantitative rainfall algorithms from ambient sound may be developed using multiple sound frequencies.

Significance Statement
Rain is an indispensable process in forecasting the intensity and path of tropical cyclones. However, its role in the air–sea interaction is still poorly understood, and its parameterization in numerical models is still in development. In this work, we analyzed sound measurements made by hydrophones on board Lagrangian floats beneath tropical cyclones. We find that wind, rain, and breaking waves each have distinctive signatures in underwater ambient sound. We suggest that the air–sea dynamic processes in tropical cyclones can be explored by listening to ambient sound using hydrophones beneath the sea surface.
Sensitivities of Subseasonal Unified Forecast System Simulations to Changes in Parameterizations of Convection, Cloud Microphysics, and Planetary Boundary Layer
Authors: Green Benjamin W. , Sinsky Eric , Sun Shan , Tallapragada Vijay , Grell Georg A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
NOAA has been developing a fully coupled Earth system model under the Unified Forecast System framework that will be responsible for global (ensemble) predictions at lead times of 0–35 days. The development has involved several prototype runs consisting of bimonthly initializations over a 7-yr period for a total of 168 cases. This study leverages these existing (baseline) prototypes to isolate the impact of substituting (one-at-a-time) parameterizations for convection, microphysics, and planetary boundary layer on 35-day forecasts. Through these physics sensitivity experiments, it is found that no particular configuration of the subseasonal-length coupled model is uniformly better or worse, based on several metrics including mean-state biases and skill scores for the Madden–Julian oscillation, precipitation, and 2-m temperature. Importantly, the spatial patterns of many “first-order” biases (e.g., impact of convection on precipitation) are remarkably similar between the end of the first week and weeks 3–4, indicating that some subseasonal biases may be mitigated through tuning at shorter time scales. This result, while shown for the first time in the context of subseasonal prediction with different physics schemes, is consistent with findings in climate models that some mean-state biases evident in multiyear averages can manifest in only a few days. An additional convective parameterization test using a different baseline shows that attempting to generalize results between or within modeling systems may be misguided. The limitations of generalizing results when testing physics schemes are most acute in modeling systems that undergo rapid, intense development from myriad contributors—as is the case in (quasi) operational environments.