bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional and behavioral outcomes among youths with mental disorders during the first Covid lockdown and school closures in England: a large clinical population study using health care record integrated surveys
Authors: Parlatini V. , Frangou L. , Zhang S. , Epstein S. , Morris A. , Grant C. , Zalewski L. , Jewell A. , Velupillai S. , Simonoff E. , Downs J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Emotional and behavioral problems in children and young people (CYP) have increased over the pandemic. Those with pre-existing mental disorders are more vulnerable but have been understudied. We investigated emotional and behavioral outcomes in this population; differences across diagnostic groups; and social, educational, and clinical determinants.

Methods
We invited 5386 caregivers and CYP (aged 5–17) under child mental health services pre-pandemic to complete an online survey on CYP’s emotional/behavioral symptoms and pandemic-related circumstances, and integrated responses with clinicodemographic information extracted from electronic health records. We compared four parent-rated outcomes (total emotional/behavioral scores and emotional/behavioral changes as compared to before the pandemic) across the three most common diagnostic groups in our population (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and emotional disorders (EmD)). We then estimated the association of clinicodemographic and pandemic-related characteristics with emotional/behavioral outcomes.

Results
A total of 1741 parents (32.3%) completed the survey. Parents of CYP with ADHD or ASD reported more behavioral difficulties (t(591) = 5.618 (0.001); t(663) = 6.527 (0.001)); greater emotional deterioration (t(591) = 2.592 (0.009); t(664) = 4.670 (< 0.001); and greater behavioral deterioration (t(594) = 4.529 (< 0.001); t(664) = 5.082 (< 0.001)) as compared to the EmD group. Those with ASD and EmD showed more emotional difficulties than ADHD (t(891) = − 4.431 (< 0.001); t(590) = − 3.254 (0.001)). Across diagnoses, poor parental mental health and challenges with education were most strongly associated with worse outcomes.

Conclusions
Within our clinical population, CYP with ADHD/ASD were the most adversely affected during lockdown. Enhancing clinical service provision that tackles parental stress and supports education may help mitigate the impact of future restrictions.
Consistency of Galileo satellite antenna phase center offsets
Authors: Steigenberger P. , Montenbruck O. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInformation about satellite antenna phase center offsets (PCOs) is indispensable for high-precision applications of global navigation satellite systems. Pre-flight manufacturer calibrations of the PCOs are available for all individual Galileo satellites and each frequency. So far, geodetic usage of Galileo is focused on the ionosphere-free linear combination of the E1 and E5a signals. In view of the growing number of E5b- and E6-capable receivers and upcoming multi-frequency applications, the consistency of the PCO values for different frequencies becomes a topic of increasing importance. Galileo satellite antenna PCOs have been estimated from the ionosphere-free linear combinations of E1/E5a, E1/E5b, and E1/E6. The mean horizontal PCOs of the different frequencies agree on the few millimeter level. The X-PCOs show a bias of about 1 cm compared to the manufacturer calibrations, whereas the Y-PCOs are free of such a bias. The Z-PCOs have a systematic offset of$$-11$$-11to$${-15}$$-15cm w.r.t. the manufacturer calibrations due to scale inconsistencies of the current version of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF2020) and the manufacturer calibrations. The maximum Z-PCO difference between the various linear combinations amounts to 4 cm and provides a measure of the presently achieved consistency of ground and space antenna calibrations across different frequencies. This inconsistency would translate into height differences of about 1.6 mm and associated scale differences of the terrestrial reference frame of 0.25 ppb, when adjusting station coordinates with manufacturer calibrated Galileo PCOs for different frequency pairs.
Analytical solution of phosphate kinetics for hemodialysis
Authors: Andersen M. , Bangsgaard K. O. , Heaf J. G. , Ottesen J. T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChronic kidney diseases imply an ongoing need to remove toxins, with hemodialysis as the preferred treatment modality. We derive analytical expressions for phosphate clearance during dialysis, the single pass (SP) model corresponding to a standard clinical hemodialysis and the multi pass (MP) model, where dialysate is recycled and therefore makes a smaller clinical setting possible such as a transportable dialysis suitcase. For both cases we show that the convective contribution to the dialysate is negligible for the phosphate kinetics and derive simpler expressions. The SP and MP models are calibrated to clinical data of ten patients showing consistency between the models and provide estimates of the kinetic parameters. Immediately after dialysis a rebound effect is observed. We derive a simple formula describing this effect which is valid both posterior to SP or MP dialysis. The analytical formulas provide explanations to observations of previous clinical studies.
Cell-specific MAPT gene expression is preserved in neuronal and glial tau cytopathologies in progressive supranuclear palsy
Authors: Forrest Shelley L. , Lee Seojin , Nassir Nasna , Martinez-Valbuena Ivan , Sackmann Valerie , Li Jun , Ahmed Awab , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Ittner Lars M. , Lang Anthony E. , Uddin Mohammed , Kovacs Gabor G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMicrotubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) aggregates in neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Tau is a target of therapy and the strategy includes either the elimination of pathological tau aggregates or reducing MAPT expression, and thus the amount of tau protein made to prevent its aggregation. Disease-associated tau affects brain regions in a sequential manner that includes cell-to-cell spreading. Involvement of glial cells that show tau aggregates is interpreted as glial cells taking up misfolded tau assuming that glial cells do not express enough MAPT. Although studies have evaluated MAPT expression in human brain tissue homogenates, it is not clear whether MAPT expression is compromised in cells accumulating pathological tau. To address these perplexing aspects of disease pathogenesis, this study used RNAscope combined with immunofluorescence (AT8), and single-nuclear(sn) RNAseq to systematically map and quantify MAPT expression dynamics across different cell types and brain regions in controls (n = 3) and evaluated whether tau cytopathology affects MAPT expression in PSP (n = 3). MAPT transcripts were detected in neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and varied between brain regions and within each cell type, and were preserved in all cell types with tau aggregates in PSP. These results propose a complex scenario in all cell types, where, in addition to the ingested misfolded tau, the preserved cellular MAPT expression provides a pool for local protein production that can (1) be phosphorylated and aggregated, or (2) feed the seeding of ingested misfolded tau by providing physiological tau, both accentuating the pathological process. Since tau cytopathology does not compromise MAPT gene expression in PSP, a complete loss of tau protein expression as an early pathogenic component is less likely. These observations provide rationale for a dual approach to therapy by decreasing cellular MAPT expression and targeting removal of misfolded tau.
Energy harvester based on low cost piezoelectric membrane for road traffic application
Authors: Bernat-Maso Ernest , Martínez Borja , Mercedes Luis , Mendizábal Virginia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPiezoelectric harvesters are environmentally sustainable alternative electrical production technologies aimed at supplying small autonomous devices. The particular application in roads has significant potential. However, there are discrepancies about the effectiveness of these harvesters, and their costs limit their market expansion abilities. In this context, a novel harvester approach is explored that includes low-cost membrane piezoelectric patches in modified cymbal devices. The main novelty of this approach is the inclusion of an inner contact column that punctually transmits the load of the caps of the cymbal to the centre of the membrane piezoelectric patch, maximising its deformation and energy production capabilities. Experimental tests on piezoelectric elements, harvesters and embedder harvesting units have been performed with numerical simulations to optimise the design of the harvester. The results indicate that the more punctual the inner contact column is, the more electrical energy is produced, reaching values ten times greater than those of the present cymbal configuration. Embedding the harvester into a flexible pavement and positioning it under a wheel track are beneficial aspects of the execution. Finally, the dependency on the wheel speed is confirmed with wheel-track tests on a representative pad of the system.
The perks of being in the smaller team: incentives in overlapping contests
Authors: March Christoph , Sahm Marco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe investigate overlapping contests in multi-divisional organizations in which an individual’s effort simultaneously determines the outcome of several contests on different hierarchical levels. We show that individuals in smaller units are advantaged in the grand (organization-wide) contest for two reasons: First, the incentive to free-ride is smaller in inter-divisional contests. Second, competition in the intra-divisional contest is less fierce. Both effects induce a higher marginal utility of effort provision. We test the model in a laboratory experiment and confirm its main predictions. Our results have important consequences for the provision of incentives in organizations and the design of sports competitions.
Solving the multisite staff planning and scheduling problem in a sheltered employment centre that employs workers with intellectual disabilities by MILP: a Spanish case study
Authors: Maheut Julien , Garcia-Sabater Jose P. , Garcia-Sabater Julio J. , Garcia-Manglano Sofia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn sheltered employment centres, staff planning and scheduling activities are critical for operations managers. A generic framework is not easy to set up not only because legal issues are diverse and differ among these service organization types, but one worker may not fit in anywhere at any time. This complexity is greater when workers with specific needs perform work activities in many labour enclaves and different sectors. In this paper, a mixed-integer linear model to solve workers’ shift assignments to other workplaces and various activities to form teams is proposed. The novelty of the proposed model lies in considering specific features, such as the skills matrix and the affinity matrix, between the different actors in a labour enclave. The model is validated using real instances from a case study, and several objectives are tested and discussed. The decision support system that sustains the model is introduced and managerial issues are discussed.
Future responses to environment-related food self-insufficiency, from local to global
Authors: Brink Ben ten , Giesen Paul , Knoope Peter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the coming decades, communities may become exposed to local food self-insufficiency due to climate change, land degradation and land scarcity. Rapid population growth may exacerbate this. To support mitigating policies, answers are needed to the following two research questions: (i) Where and to what extent will environment-related food self-insufficiency occur or increase over the period from 2015 to 2050 and (ii) How will local communities respond to increased food self-insufficiency? Potential responses to food self-insufficiency are agricultural expansion, agricultural intensification, import, migration, starvation and violent conflict. Answering these research questions is hampered for different reasons. A persistent debate is ongoing on whether environmentally induced food deficit may cause migration and violent conflict at all. Although a clear relationship is assumed as self-evident by many scholars and politicians, as yet no convincing evidence has been found, in contrast to the relevance of socioeconomic factors. Moreover, a lack of consistent and accurate data on local food supply and demand hampers mapping of food self-insufficiency in the present and future. In this article, we explore the difficulties to find a clear relationship between environmentally induced food deficit, migration and violent conflict, and propose and test an operational methodology that does provide preliminary answers to the research questions:the necessary conditions approach. The results are presented in maps and tables of environment-related food self-insufficiency and of plausible responses for 2015 and 2050. Over that period, local food self-insufficiency roughly doubles as well as the number of people living in conditions that favour starvation, migration and violent conflict. The increase in food self-insufficiency is mostly caused by a significant population growth on the one hand—hence the demand side—and a stagnating or even slightly declining food production on the other. In contrast, food self-sufficiency stays high and constant on the global scale.
A hybrid simulated annealing and variable neighborhood search algorithm for the close-open electric vehicle routing problem
Authors: Stamadianos Themistoklis , Kyriakakis Nikolaos A. , Marinaki Magdalene , Marinakis Yannis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractElectric Vehicles (EVs) are the future of transportation, but due to their battery and charging technology they cannot yet directly replace traditional vehicles. Nonetheless, EVs are a great option for city-logistics, due to the small distances and their zero local emissions. In this paper, a novel variant of the Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (EVRP), called Close-Open EVRP (COEVRP), is presented. It considers ending EV trips at Charging Stations, as opposed to other EVRP variants that only allow for en-route charging. This new variant follows a traditional routing scheme, allowing EVs to recharge only at the end of their route. The objective is to minimize energy consumption, as well as the number of vehicles. The energy consumption function takes into account the weight of the transported items. A mathematical formulation for the problem is presented and small instances were solved using a commercial solver. To solve larger instances, a hybrid metaheuristic combining Simulated Annealing and Variable Neighborhood Search algorithm was employed and thoroughly tested.
User-station attention inference using smart card data: a knowledge graph assisted matrix decomposition model
Authors: Zhang Qi , Ma Zhenliang , Zhang Pengfei , Jenelius Erik , Ma Xiaolei , Wen Yuanqiao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding human mobility in urban areas is important for transportation, from planning to operations and online control. This paper proposes the concept of user-station attention, which describes the user’s (or user group’s) interest in or dependency on specific stations. The concept contributes to a better understanding of human mobility (e.g., travel purposes) and facilitates downstream applications, such as individual mobility prediction and location recommendation. However, intrinsic unsupervised learning characteristics and untrustworthy observation data make it challenging to estimate the real user-station attention. We introduce the user-station attention inference problem using station visit counts data in public transport and develop a matrix decomposition method capturing simultaneously user similarity and station-station relationships using knowledge graphs. Specifically, it captures the user similarity information from the user-station visit counts matrix. It extracts the stations’ latent representation and hidden relations (activities) between stations to construct the mobility knowledge graph (MKG) from smart card data. We develop a neural network (NN)-based nonlinear decomposition approach to extract the MKG relations capturing the latent spatiotemporal travel dependencies. The case study uses both synthetic and real-world data to validate the proposed approach by comparing it with benchmark models. The results illustrate the significant value of the knowledge graph in contributing to the user-station attention inference. The model with MKG improves the estimation accuracy by 35% in MAE and 16% in RMSE. Also, the model is not sensitive to sparse data provided only positive observations are used.
Using heterogeneous camera-trapping sites to obtain the first density estimates for the transboundary Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) population in the Dinaric Mountains
Authors: Fležar Urša , Aronsson Malin , Černe Rok , Pičulin Aleš , Bartol Matej , Stergar Matija , Rot Andrej , Hočevar Lan , Topličanec Ira , Sindičić Magda , Gomerčić Tomislav , Slijepčević Vedran , Krofel Miha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEstimating abundance of wild animal populations is crucial for their management and conservation. While spatial capture-recapture models are becoming increasingly common to assess the densities of elusive species, recent studies have indicated potential bias that can be introduced by unaccounted spatial variation of detectability. We used camera-trapping data collected in collaboration with local hunters from a transnational population survey of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in Slovenia and Croatia, to provide the first density estimate for the threatened Eurasian lynx population in the Northern Dinaric Mountains. Population density was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.60–1.16) lynx/100 km2, which is comparable to other reintroduced Eurasian lynx populations in Europe. Furthermore, we showed that baseline detection rate was influenced by the type of site used, as well as by sex of the individual and local behavioural response. Scent-marking sites had on average a 1.6- and 2.5-times higher baseline detection rate compared to roads and other locations, respectively. Scent-marking behaviour is common for several mammals, and selecting sites that attracts the targeted species is used to increase detection rates, especially for rare and cryptic species. But we show that the use of different location types for camera trapping can bias density estimates if not homogenously distributed across the surveyed area. This highlights the importance of incorporating not only individual characteristics (e.g., sex), but also information on the type of site used in camera trapping surveys into estimates of population densities.
Linear and Non-linear Analyses of EEG in a Group of ASD Children During Resting State Condition
Authors: Angulo-Ruiz Brenda Y. , Ruiz-Martínez Francisco J. , Rodríguez-Martínez Elena I. , Ionescu Anca , Saldaña David , Gómez Carlos M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study analyses the spontaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) brain activity of 14 children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) compared to 18 children with normal development, aged 5–11 years. (i) Power Spectral Density (PSD), (ii) variability across trials (coefficient of variation: CV), and (iii) complexity (multiscale entropy: MSE) of the brain signal analysis were computed on the resting state EEG. PSD (0.5–45 Hz) and CV were averaged over different frequency bands (low-delta, delta, theta, alpha, low-beta, high-beta and gamma). MSE were calculated with a coarse-grained procedure on 67 time scales and divided into fine, medium and coarse scales. In addition, significant neurophysiological variables were correlated with behavioral performance data (Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (KBIT) and Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ)). Results show increased PSD fast frequency bands (high-beta and gamma), higher variability (CV) and lower complexity (MSE) in children with ASD when compared to typically developed children. These results suggest a more variable, less complex and, probably, less adaptive neural networks with less capacity to generate optimal responses in ASD children.
Investigating Consumer Preferences for Sustainable Packaging Through a Different Behavioural Approach: A Random Regret Minimization Application
Authors: Piracci Giovanna , Boncinelli Fabio , Casini Leonardo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPlastic pollution causing the near-permanent contamination of the environment is a preeminent concern. The largest market sector for plastic resins is packaging, and the food industry plays a major role in producing plastic packaging waste. Therefore, the gradual switch of the food system towards pro-environmental packaging strategies is required to contain the plastic packaging waste issue. To this extent, this study aimed to investigate how food consumers relatively value the provision of different sustainable packaging alternatives, namely the unpackaged option and bioplastic packaging. Moreover, to shed light on the behavioural mechanism underlying the decision-making process for sustainable packaging, we considered two different decision paradigms: the traditional random utility maximization and random regret minimization framework. Overall, our results indicate that consumer tastes are highly heterogeneous and that preference patterns change according to the behavioural approach assumed by individuals. Policymakers and marketers of food industries need to carefully consider the differences in the decision mechanism of consumers when implementing strategies to encourage pro-environmental food choices. Notably, our findings elucidate on the importance to embrace other perspectives as well, and not simply limit to utility maximization, to fully comprehend the decision-making process of consumers for sustainable foods.
Expressivism, but at a Whole Other Level
Authors: Köhler Sebastian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A core commitment of meta-ethical expressivism is that ordinary descriptive judgements are representational states, while normative judgements are non-representational directive states. Traditionally, this commitment has been understood as a psychological thesis about the nature of normative judgements, as the view that normative judgements consist in certain sorts of conative propositional attitudes. This paper’s aim is to challenge this reading and to show that changing our view on how this commitment is to be understood opens up space for attractive forms of expressivism. The paper argues this by example: by presenting one of the possible expressivist views that can be developed on this reading and by arguing that this view has distinctive advantages over forms of expressivism that endorse the traditional interpretation of expressivism.