bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF VAGINAL PROGESTERONE IN THE PREVENTION OF PRETERM DELIVERY
Authors: Dr Mehwish Illyas  , Muhammad Al-Fareed Zafar  , Dr Amna Shahid  , Dr Shabnam Tariq  , Dr Naila Yasmeen  , Dr Kamran Qureshi  
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND
Preterm Birth is the main cause of Perinatal morbidity and Mortality. Progesterone has been used for preventing Preterm Labour and is being advocated for it. Its use in women presenting with Preterm labor pains has diverse results.The administration of Progesterone has been shown to lower not only the number of the episodes of preterm Uterine contractions but it also decrease the incidence of preterm delivery in the high risk women for Preterm delivery.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the frequency of Spontaneous Preterm Birth , in the woman having a prior history of one spontaneous Preterm Delivery, who are treated by 100mg of vaginal progesterone pessary daily versus controls.
STUDY DESIGN
A Randomized controlled trial was carried out at the Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department of Lahore General Hospital (a tertiary care hospital) of 6 months duration from 1-09-2018 To 28-02-2019. Two groups of Patients were made. Patients in Group-A were instructed to use a vaginal pessary containing 100mg natural progesterone daily before going to sleep every night, starting from the time of enrollment to 36 weeks of pregnancy or until occurrence of preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes. Patients in Group-B did not receive progesterone pessary and acted as control.All the patient were followed up until the delivery.
RESULTS
In Group :A and in Group:B mean age of the women was 27.71±3.31 and 27.81±3.57 years. There were total 60(30%) neonates who were delivered premature. In Group-A, the frequency of preterm delivery was 21%(21/100), while in Group-B it was 39%. The frequency of the Preterm delivery was quite significantly less in the women who were on progesterone as compared to the women who were not given progesterone. i.e. (p-value=0.005)
CONCLUSION
It is thus concluded that vaginal progesterone resulted in Significant reduction of the Preterm delivery rate in the women with a prior history of 1 spontaneous Preterm birth i.e. 21% in treatment group A vs. 39% in non-treatment group B.
LAPROSCOPIC ENTRY: SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF DIRECT TROCAR TECHNIQUE WITHOUT PRIOR PNEUMOPERITONEUM VS VERRES NEEDLE TECHNIQUE IN LAPAROSCOPIC GYNAECOLOGICAL SURGERY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL SETTING:A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Dr Maimoona Ashraf  , Dr Nazia Ayyub  , Dr Rehana Ayyub  , Dr Muhammad Zeeshan Arain  
Published: May 2023

The purpose of our study was to compare whether DTI umbilical entry can be a safe and effective alternate to enter abdominal cavity as compared to insertion after prior pneumoperitoneum as in conventionally practiced VN technique in patients undergoing various gynecologic laparoscopic procedures.
STUDY DESIGN:
Randomized clinical trial.
SETTING:
Department of OBGYN PGMI/AMC/LGH Lahore, over a period of two years from Feb 2018 to March 2020.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
It was performed on 150 patients admitted for either diagnostic or operative laparoscopic procedures. These patients were randomly allocated to either DTI (n=75) or VN(n=75). Procedure was performed by highly experienced consultant gynecologist trained in laparoscopy
OUTCOME MEASURES:

Visceral and Vascular injury
Time taken for laparoscope entry into abdomen

RESULTS:
No major complication was observed in both techniques. 1.3% complication rate was noted in DTI technique while 5.3 % of patients suffered minor complications in VN technique. Mean time for laparoscopic entry was less in DTI technique (1.79+- 2.39 min) than in VN technique (3.63+- 0.64 min) p<0.001
CONCLUSION
DTI technique is a safer one step effective and faster technique for laparoscopic entry in comparison to conventional VN technique with additional advantage of eliminating complications related to VN technique.
COMPARISON OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF RECURRENT ANTERIOR SHOULDER DISLOCATION
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Zafar , Khan Mehran , Khan Muhammad Adnan Shahid , Latif Usman 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Shoulder joint is the most mobile joint of the body. Shoulder joint dislocation accounts for the 50% of all the dislocations. Its incidence is 2 % among general population. In most of the cases it is recurrent shoulder dislocation and in 97% cases of recurrent dislocation it is anterior dislocation. Mechanism for recurrent anterior dislocation is abduction, external rotation and extension. There is persistent inability of tissues to keep the humeral head in glenoid cavity. It may result from sudden injury to glenoid cavity (Bankart lesion), proximal humerus (Hillsachs lesion), repetitive micro trauma or and a result of generalized ligamentous laxity. Once the shoulder is dislocated it is vulnerable to repetitive episodes.
Objective:
To compare the functional outcome of two different treatment modalities (latarjet &Bristow procedure and Bankart Repair) in recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation
Subjects and methods
Study design: randomized clinical trial
Settings and duration: department of orthopaedic surgery services hospital Lahore from December 2017 to December 2018.
Sample collection: A total no of 40 patients with age 18-30 years both male and female having recurrent anterior dislocation of shoulder were included in the study. Patients with ligamentous laxity, psychological ailment and global instability were excluded from the study.
Data collection and analysis: Patients were divided in two groups having 20 patients in each group. Detailed history, clinical examination, radiographs, CT scan and MRI was completed to establish the diagnosis of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation. We performed Bristow latarjet procedure in group a and Bankart repair in group B. All patients were followed at 1st , 2nd , 3rd , 4th,6th week and then at 4th , 6th and 9 months clinically and radiologically to assess the Instability and mobility by using Rowe score.
Results: there were 16 males and 4 females while in group B were 17 males and 3 females. Mean age in group A was 26.7 years (18-30) while in group B was 27 years (18-29) which was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Right shoulder was involved in 13 (65%) patients in group A and 15 (75%) in group B. left shoulder was involved in 7 (35%) patients of Group A and 5 (25%) of group B. In group A 18 patients had excellent results, one patient was having grade I subluxation and one patient had positive apprehension test. In group B four patients had recurrence and three patients had subluxation of grade II.
Conclusion
Results of latarjet and Bristow procedure were excellent than Banckart repair. Patients satisfaction was also better in group A than group B.
VARIATION IN ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES AMONG HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS IN COVID 19 PANDEMIC: ARE THE LACK OF KNOWLEDGE AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES UNDERLYING DETERMINANTS
Authors: Rashid Aysha , Arif Zaheer  , Adil Zaheer  , Ismail Tariq  , Sumira Qamber Bokhari  , Shahid Hameed Waris  
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVE
To measure the impact of knowledge and demographic variables on attitude and practices among healthcare workers regarding Covid-19 in Punjab-Pakistan
STUDY DESIGN
A cross-sectional survey using electronic distribution of questionnaire.
SETTING AND DURATION OF STUDY
The study was conducted through online survey in Punjab province from 11.7.2020-20.7.20
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Through snowball sampling technique, a sample of 350 healthcare workers was taken from all over the Punjab after taking consent. Demographic information was collected on demographic sheet. Survey questionnaire contained 29 items to assess knowledge, attitude and practices concerning the epidemic. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS version 20.
RESULTS
Results showed that most of the participants (64.8%) fall in the category of minimal knowledge, mean scores on fearful attitude measure was 2.72 with standard deviation 1.36.Around 52.9% healthcare workers have poor practices while 47.1% in good practices category. Positive correlation between knowledge and practices was found significant (p<0.05). Results of regression analysis demonstrated that knowledge influences practices significantly (β= .12, p< .001), i.e. it gives positive correlation among healthcare workers :F (1, 348) = 5.01. Moreover, these was signiﬁcant difference in knowledge scores for six profession groups: F (5, 344) = 73.91.
CONCLUSION
The study concluded that most of the healthcare workers have minimal knowledge of covid-19, however their attitudes and practices vary from each other. The knowledge of healthcare staff highly affects their practices regarding pandemic. Moreover, profession influence the level of knowledge. However the place of residence is not statistically significantly associated with practices and knowledge. The findings can help to draw interventions for enhancing positive practices among healthcare workers.
ACADEMIC STRESS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS DURING THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19 IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Amarha Naeem  , Rimsha Munir  , Arfa Aziz  , Farhat Ijaz  , Farida Hafeez  , Rana Khurram Aftab  
Published: May 2023

Background and objective: In Pakistan the first case of COVID-19 was reported on 26th February it led towards the closure of educational institutions on 14th March and at that time medical education also got transitioned regarding content of basic health sciences, behavioral sciences and clinical health sciences along with other educational institutions as this online transition got started with less infrastructure. As medical students are more convenient in physical interactive sessions of study. This study aimed to find the perception of academic stress among medical students in COVID-19 pandemic.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: This study was conducted in June 2020 by online survey using non-probability convenient type of sampling.
Methodology: In this study, 385 medical and dental students of the age (16-31years) from both Private and public sector medical colleges, after providing informed consent participants completed this online survey. Perception of academic stress was accessed by using pre-tested questionnaire of the Perception of Academic Stress Scale. Five-point Likert scale was used for the responses on items. Data analysis was performed by using SPSS. Data was presented in frequency and percentages. Chi-square test was used for comparison.P-value less than 0.05 was taken as significant
Results: The results showed that 120(31.2%) students were found confident regarding their future and almost same number of students were also stressed out regarding their studies in pandemic of COVID-19 as 118(30.6%) students strongly agreed with this statement. There were significantly higher number of female students106(32.2%) who feel this pandemic stressed them out regarding studies as compare to male students12(21.4%)(0.009).
Conclusion: We found that students were not satisfied with this setup and got frustrated in COVID-19 pandemic because of the disruption of their studies.
Keywords:
Academic stress, COVID-19 pandemic, Medical students, Online classes.
Effectiveness of Homoeopathic Medicines in the Treatment of Chronic Urticaria
Authors: Gupta Niharika 
Published: May 2023

Background: Chronic urticaria is occurrence of wheals more than twice a week for a period of six weeks or longer. It is a vascular reaction of the skin characterised by the appearance of wheals, which are elevated whitish reddish plaques, generally surrounded by a red halo and associated with severe itching, stinging or burning sensations. Generally the lesions increase in frequency after adolescence, with highest incidence in persons in 3rd decade of their lives. Non- sedating anti-H1 antihistamines are the mainstay of treatment; when ineffective higher dosages are tried, though all are associated with a lot of side effects ranging from arrhythmias to osteoporosis when used for a long period.
Objectives: The aims and objectives of the present study were to understand the clinical presentation of CU and to assess the effects of constitutional homoeopathic remedies in the treatment of chronic urticaria based on the Urticaria Activity Score (UAS), and to study their effects on the quality of life of the patients before and after treatment, using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI).
Materials and Methods: It was a prospective non-randomised uncontrolled observational study; sample size was 30; case taking of all the patients was done based on standard case taking proforma, consent was taken from each patient,a questionnaire of 22 points was used to elicit significant aspects of the nature of urticaria, all the patients were prescribed medicines depending on individual case; follow-up was done every 30 days from first prescription. At each visit, scoring of clinical symptoms was done with the help of UAS. Prognosis was made by comparing the different scores at each visit. Lastly, quality of life assessment was done before and after treatment using DLQI.
Results: According to severity based on the Urticaria Activity Score, before treatment 10% patients were in mild category, 60% patients in moderate category and 30% in severe category. After treatment, 63.33% patients were in mild category and 36.67% in moderate category. The t-value was 10.56(p=0.001) for UAS. Based on DLQI, 6.67% were in large effect group, 63.33% in moderate effect group, 26.67% in small effect group and 3.33% in no effect group.

KEYWORDS: Chronic Urticaria, Homoeopathic treatment, Urticaria Activity Score (UAS), Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI)
Conflict of interest: None
The effect of pollution by gravel cruches dust in the city of sebha,libya on the germination and growth of beans of phaseolus vulgaris and vigna unguiculata plants
Authors: فاطمة محمد عبدالله وعبدالسلام محمد المثناني  
Published: May 2023

Pollution has heavy impact on countries ' economies, through its impact on crop production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of pollution by breakers gravel dust (city of Sebha-Libya) on germination and growth of seedlings of beans Phaseolus vulgaris and Cowpea Vigna unguiculata. Where the field poll found that the number of crushers in the city reached 12 crusher scattered randomly around the city, there are relatively found at high sites when compared to agricultural land in the area, causing environmental problems on agricultural ecosystems of dust from these quarries. Accumulated dust was collected from the nearest crusher to the agricultural area south of the city, and various concentrations was prepared in the laboratory from this dust ( 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 grams/liter), and its impact was assessed on seed germination and seedling growth in an experiment conducted in Petri dishes in laboratories of Faculty of science, University of Sebha. And it turns out that crushers dust has a significant negative impact on seed germination and growth of seedlings of both plant under study .
Effect of binary blended of Portland cement and fly ash to the Strength and Surface Absorption of Concrete
Authors: Darwesh Omar , Elbasir Otman M.M. , Bin Miskeen Manssour 
Published: May 2023

The main objective of this paper is to determine the effect of fly ash on the workability, compressive strength , and initial surface absorption test of cement concrete using Portland cement and fly ash as partial replacements for Portland cement at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% , 20% and 25% for a water-cement ratios(0.38) , the cement concretes have higher initial surface absorption values than Portland cement and fly ash concrete at 28 days and the disparity reduced due to improved pozzolanic reactivity of the supplementary cements with increasing curing age. However, Portland cement and fly ash concrete performed better than Portland cement concrete due to their higher fineness, improved particle packing and higher pozzolanic reactivity. The results showed that the compressive strength of 25% fly ash replacement resulted in concrete with a 28-day maximum strength of 48.25 MPa. and the result showed sample which contained Fly ash has less initial surface absorption and it’s also showed that the concrete containing 5%,10% and 15% of fly ash had less initial surface absorption than other cubes 20% and 25% fly ash.
Developing an Editor for Drawing Class Diagram within WinCASE Framework
Authors: Klaib Alhadi , Arbi Abdelrahman , Ihnissi Ragab 
Published: May 2023

Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools are significant for the software engineering field. They provide great support to software developers. WinCASE tool is one of these tools. It was invented in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Sheffield. Furthermore, dataflow Algebra is a methodology that is used to describe a formal specification of a system. Dataflow Algebra was also developed in the same department. Unified Modeling Language is a standard language for developing software systems. The class diagram is one of the UML diagrams which illustrates the system objects. This paper aims to upgrade the WinCASE tool by developing the Class diagram within the framework of this tool. Therefore, this paper reviewed the previous work and the background of the WinCASE framework, class diagram, Dataflow Algebra, the requirements of integrating the Class Diagram, and the methodology of this integration. Subsequently, the class diagram was implemented into the WinCASE framework; and then tested, and evaluated successfully as well. As a result, the WinCASE was provided with an editor for drawing the class diagram.
The Inhibition Effect of the Expired Esomeprazole on the Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Desalination Water
Authors: Gebril Abdussalam , Bakari Ibrahim 
Published: May 2023

A study has been carried out to evaluate the effect of expired Esomeprazole (S3O3N19H17C) (20mg) as Inhibitor on the corrosion behaviour of carbon steel in desalination water (Drinking water) by using weight loss technique at room temperature. The test solution used in this study was Desalination water (Drinking water) samples and expired Esomeprazole was used as Inhibitor. The Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) results and the potential pH diagram (Pourbaix diagram) gave an indication that Desalination water sample was a corrosive media. From the study results, it was found that all the weights of the tested specimens were decreased. Furthermore, the results of the carbon steel specimens that were tested in present of inhibitor showed that the weight loss and corrosion rate decreased as the weight of inhibitor increased. The maximum efficiency was found 52.08% when the weight of inhibitor was 2.0055g which was the maximum weight and the minimum corrosion rate was 0.0046cm/year. So, it was assumed that the expired Esomeprazole has good inhibition effect on the corrosion of carbon steel.
تأثير مسحوق قشور الرمان المحلي لبعض أنواع من البكتيريا الممرضة و المسببه للفساد في أقراص اللحم البقري المفروم (البرجر) المبرد
Authors: الزوي الطاهر عمر , حسين لبنى علي 
Published: May 2023

استهدفت هذه الدراسة التعرف على مدى تأثير إضافة تركيزات مختلفة (9،6،3،0%) من مسحوق قشور الرمان المحلي صنف (الشفتري)، على نمو بعض الانواع من البكتيريا الممرضة والمسببة للفساد (البكتيريا الهوائية، والبكتيريا المتحملة للبرودة و بكتيريا القولون)، في أقراص اللحم البقري المفروم "البرجر" والمخزنة لمدة تسعة ايام عند درجة حرارة 4_7م○. أظهرت النتائج حدوث انخفاضاً تدريجياً في جميع المجموعات البكتيرية المختبرة من مسحوق قشور الرمان المضاف لأقراص اللحم المفروم حيث كان أعلى تأثير مثبط بتركيز 9% خلال فترات التخزين المبرد (0 ،6،3 ، و9 ايام)، حيث كانت متوسطات العدد الكلي للبكتيريا الهوائية في عينة المراقبة 2.2×104و.ت.م/جم, بينما في الاقراص التي احتوت علي تركيز 9% من مسحوق قشور الرمان 2.1× 104و.ت.م/جم خلال زمن التخزين الصفر. بينما لوحظ ارتفاع في أعداد البكتيريا الهوائية عند اليوم التاسع من التخزين المبرد، حيث كانت 4.0×106 و.ت.م/جم للتركيز 3% من مسحوق قشور الرمان، في حين انخفضت إلي 1.8×106 و.ت.م/جم عند تركيز 9% من مسحوق قشور الرمان. كما أظهرت النتائج انخفاض تدريجي في اعداد البكتيريا المحتملة للبرودة للتركيزات 3، 6 و 9% مقارنة بعينة المراقبة وكان اعلى تأثير مثبط للتركيز9% بمتوسط 1.4×106 و.ت.م/جم مقارنتاً بعينة المراقبة 3.4×106 و.ت.م/جم، أيضاً أظهرت النتائج انخفاض في متوسطات اعداد بكتيريا القولون خلال الفترات المختلفة من التخزين المبرد، حيت كانت اعداد بكتيريا القولون عند اليوم التاسع من فترة التخزين المبرد لعينة المراقبة 6.3×102 و.ت.م/جم و للتركيز 9% من مسحوق قشور الرمان كانت 4.1×102و.ت.م/جم. تبين من خلال التحليل الاحصائي للنتائج المتحصل عليها ان اضافة مسحوق قشور الرمان كان له تأثير معنوي عند مستوى احتمالية. (P ≥ 0.05) على نمو جميع انواع البكتيريا المختبرة.
تأثير البروبيوتيك، البريبيوتيك،السنبيوتيك و الأعشاب الطبية على الذبيحة، الاستجابة المناعية، مُكونات الدم وقياسات الكيموحيوية لدم دجاج اللحم الذي تم تغذيته على نسب مُختلفة من البروتين
Authors: خيرالله مجدي , ابوراس عبدالحكيم , عمر كريميان 
Published: May 2023

الهدف من هذه الدراسة‌ كان معرفة مدي تأثير مُنشطات النمو الطبيعية، بروبيوتيك، بريبيوتيك، سانبيوتيك ومخلوط الأعشاب الطبية (مكونه من الشمر والبردقوش والكراوية بنسب خلط (1: 1: 1) مع مُستويين مُختلفين من البروتين (مثالي ومُنخفض) على صفات الذبيحة، والاستجابة المناعية، مُكونات الدم وقياسات الكيموحيوية . تمت هذه الدراسة في مركز بحوث الدواجن – كلية الزراعة- جامعة الاسكندرية –مصر. استمرت التجربة لمــــــــــــدة 42 يوم. تم توزيع عدد 500 كتكوت لحم عمر يوم من سلالة كوب ووزعت الطيور عشوائيًا على 10 مجاميع تجريبية بكل مجموعة خمس مُكررات وبكل مُكررة 10 كتاكيت. تم تجهيز عشرة تركيبات علفية (بادى و نامي) لتغطية جميع المُتطلبات الغذائية لكتاكيت اللحم خلال مرحلتي النمو البادي

(1 – 21) يوم والنامي (22 – 42) يوم من العُمر. تتألف التركيبات العلفية من مُستويين من البروتين الخام الموصي به والمُنخفض (85% من الموصي به) وخمسة إضافات غذائية هي الشاهد، البروبايوتيك، البريبايوتيك، السنبيوتيك و مخلوط الأعشاب الطبية، تم إضافتها للعليقة الكونترول لتشكل العلائق المُختلفة ومدى تأثيرها على كل من الذبيحة، الاستجابة المناعية، مُكونات الدم والقياسات الكيموحيوية للدم . بشكل عام، كان لإضافة السنبيوتيك تأثيرات إيجابية على كرات الدم الحمراء والبيضاء وغدة فابيريسيوش، ويُمكن الاستنتاج أنه في ظل الدراسة الحالية فإن سنبيوتيك كان لها تأثيرات معنوية على صفات الدم والذبيحة والأجهزة المناعية لدجاج اللحم، ولكن هذا الأمر يحتاج إلى المزيد من البحوث للتحقق من النتائج الحالية.
تقدير حجم السيول بحوض وادي القطارة جنوب شرق مدينة بنغازي- ليبيا, بالتكامل بين نموذج الهيئة الامريكية لحماية الاراضي (SCS) و تقنيات نظم معلومات الجغرافية و الاستشعار عن بعد.
Authors: بن طاهر لبنى سليمان 
Published: May 2023

يسهم تقدير الجريان السطحي للمياه بأحواض التصريف في تقدير مدى استثمارها في المجالات المختلفة للاستخدامات البشرية، فضلاً عن تقدير أخطار السيول على الممتلكات و الارواح و وضع الخطط للحد منها. من هذا المنطلق, تم بهذه الدراسة اجراء التحليل الهيدرومورفومتري لحوض وادي القطارة الواقع بالجنوب الشرقي لمدينة بنغازي - ليبيا، باستخدام تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم معلومات الجغرافية ونموذج الهيئة الامريكية لحماية الاراضي (SCS). من أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة إن حوض وادي القطارة بمساحةkm2 1074.81 بطول للمجرى الرئيسيkm 89.5 و شكل يقترب من المثلث و لا يزال في مرحلة النضج وكثافة التصريف به عالية لنفاذية معظم صخوره, و رتب الاودية به حسب طريقة سترايلر من 1 الى 8. زمن التركيز بحوض وادي القطارة hr 19.55 و الاستجابة hr 11.73 ليدل على نفاذية التربة ونسبة الانحدار المتوسطة للوادي و احتمالية منخفضة لحدوث فيضان. اقصى تدفق للمياه بحوض وادي القطارة m3/sec171.6 بزمن ذروة hr13.03 بمتوسط تدفق الجريان السطحي m3/sec5.01 بسرعة منخفضة تصل الى m/sec1.27. بنهاية الدراسة يتم التوصية بتصميم شبكة تصريف مياه الامطار بالمدينة حتى تلائم الكميات المطيرة التي تتكرر سنويا لضمان تصريفها و لحماية المدينة من اثر سيول و تكدس مياه الامطار. ايضا إنشاء سدود تعويقيه تطبيقا لمبدأ حصاد مياه الامطار وعدم التهاون في تطبيق التشريعات التي تحد من عمليات التوسع الحضري على الغطاء النباتي بحوض وادي القطارة. استخدام التكامل بين تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد و نظم المعلومات الجغرافية كوسيلة لدراسة الخصائص المورفمتريةو الهيدرولوجية للأحواض التصريفية بدولة ليبيا لوضع الخطط التنموية و للحد من اخطار الفيضانات بإنشاء قاعدة بيانات مورفومترية ومناخية وهيدرولوجية متاحة.