bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ‘normal’ adjustment of oxygen delivery to small muscle mass exercise is not optimized for muscle contractile function
Authors: Drouin Patrick J. , Liu Taylor , Lew Lindsay A. , McGarity‐Shipley Ellen , Tschakovsky Michael E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOxygen delivery is viewed as tightly coupled to demand in exercise below critical power because increasing oxygen delivery does not increase . However, whether the ‘normal’ adjustment of oxygen delivery to small muscle mass exercise in the heavy intensity domain is optimal for excitation–contraction coupling is currently unknown. In 20 participants (10 female), a remote skeletal muscle (i.e. tibialis anterior) metaboreflex was (Hyperperfusion condition) or was not (Control condition) activated for 4 min during both force of contraction (experimental model 1) and muscle activation‐targeted (experimental model 2) rhythmic forearm handgrip exercise. Analysis was completed on the combined data from both experimental models. After 30 s of remote skeletal muscle metaboreflex activation, mean arterial blood pressure, forearm blood flow and muscle oxygenation were increased and remained increased until metaboreflex discontinuation. While oxygen delivery was elevated, the muscle activation to force of contraction ratio was improved. Upon metaboreflex discontinuation, forearm oxygen delivery and the muscle activation and force of contraction ratio rapidly (within 30 s) returned to control levels. These findings demonstrate that (a) the metaboreflex was effective at increasing forearm muscle oxygen delivery and oxygenation, (b) the muscle activation to force of contraction ratio was improved with increased oxygen delivery, and (c) in the heavy exercise intensity domain, the normal matching of oxygen delivery to metabolic demand is not optimal for muscle excitation–contraction coupling. These results suggest that the nature of vasoregulation in exercising muscle is such that it does not support optimal perfusion for excitation–contraction coupling.
imageKey points
Oxygen delivery is viewed as tightly coupled to demand in exercise below critical power because increasing oxygen delivery does not increase the rate of oxygen uptake.
Whether the ‘normal’ adjustment of oxygen delivery in small muscle mass exercise below critical power is optimal for excitation–contraction coupling is not known.
Here we show in humans that increasing oxygen delivery above ‘normal’ improves excitation–contraction coupling.
These results suggest that, in the heavy exercise intensity domain, the ‘normal’ matching of oxygen delivery to metabolic demand is not optimal for muscle excitation–contraction coupling.
Therefore, the nature of vasoregulation in exercising muscle is such that it does not support optimal perfusion for excitation–contraction coupling.
Compton scattering in TFD formalism
Authors: Cabral D. S. , Santos A. F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the cross section for the Compton scattering process at finite temperature is calculated. Temperature effects are introduced using the Thermofield Dynamics (TFD) formalism. It is a real-time finite temperature quantum field theory. Our result shows that thermal effects become relevant as the temperature increases. A comparison between the TFD and closed-time path results is presented.
Has Covid-19 permanently changed online purchasing behavior?
Authors: Inoue Hiroyasu , Todo Yasuyuki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected online purchasing behavior using data from a major online shopping platform in Japan. We focus on the effect of two measures of the pandemic, i.e., the number of positive COVID-19 cases and state declarations of emergency to mitigate the pandemic. We find that both measures promoted online purchases at the beginning of the pandemic, but in later periods, their effect faded. In addition, online purchases returned to normal after states of emergency ended, and the overall time trend in online purchases excluding the effects of the two measures was stable during the first two years of the pandemic. These results suggest that the effect of the pandemic on online purchasing behavior is temporary and will not persist after the pandemic.
Antigamente em Rouergue, Narrativas de Alice Bonneton-Lagru
Authors: Carvalho Olaci da Costa 
Published: January 2023

Alice Bonneton-Lagru nasce em 23 de janeiro de 1920, na cidade de Kourou, na Guiana Francesa. Estuda no Colégio de Caiena, também na Guiana francesa, até a conclusão de seus estudos secundários. Aos 28 anos, parte à França onde obtém seus estudos universitários. Para este número, escolhemos traduzir alguns contos representativos de fatos ou pessoas gravados na mente da narradora. Optamos também por traduzir alguns contos que, a nosso ver, são característicos de uma certa universalidade em tempos passados, como, por exemplo, a comunicação por cartas ou a figura da parteira, presente em diferentes partes do mundo, tão comumente encontrada em regiões brasileiras, especialmente, na Amazônia.
Integrative taxonomy and evolutionary ecology of the anthophilous Drosophila lutzii species complex (Diptera, Drosophilidae) provide evidence for range expansion of Drosophila alei
Authors: Carvalho Tuane Letícia , Cordeiro Juliana , Nornberg Bruna , Schmitz Hermes José , Robe Lizandra Jaqueline 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cryptic species represent a substantial fraction of the diversity of Drosophilidae, hampering studies on species ecologies and their evolution. Anthophilous species within the Drosophila lutzii group encompass some of the most widely distributed Neotropical lineages. Nevertheless, their ranges, ecologies, divergence times, and phylogenetic relationships are largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the cryptic diversity of the lutzii species complex occurring in Southern Brazil and shed light on the ecological and evolutionary processes underlying their current patterns of coexistence. We used an integrative approach, evaluating molecular, ecological, and morphological traits under an evolutionary ecology framework. We documented the unexpected occurrence of D. alei in Southern Brazil, whose range was only known for the Andean region. Our phylogenetic analysis indicated that despite morphological similarities, D. alei is more closely related to D. denieri than to D. lutzii, and that divergence among these three species dates back to the Neogene (7.3 Mya). Niche modeling suggests that D. denieri and D. lutzii populations expanded their ranges and were established in Southern Brazil during the Quaternary (150 kya), being affected by similar paleoclimatic events. On the other hand, D. alei shows distinct abiotic requirements than D. denieri and D. lutzii, and environmental distribution models suggested a significant reduction in its suitable areas during the Quaternary, especially in Southern Brazil. This suggests that the current sympatry observed in this region likely reflects a secondary contact between the three species resulting from niche divergence processes. Altogether, these results advance the understanding of the distribution and phylogenetic relationships of Neotropical anthophilous Drosophila, revealing the interplay between ecological and historical factors in their speciation.
Acoustic Startle Events in Trailers for US Horror Films
Authors: Redfern Nick 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article analyses the function and form of acoustic startle events (ASEs) in trailers for fifty US horror films released between 2011 and 2015. There are 173 ASEs in the sample, ranging from one startle up to a maximum of ten, with a median of three events per trailer. ASEs exhibit different types of relationships between figure and ground, with some events preceded by silence and anticipated by the viewer while others are unanticipated and intrude on scenes relying on a prior emotional state of apprehension. The functions of ASEs within the hybrid form of a trailer are emotional, narrational, aesthetic and attentional. Sound designers deploy ASEs to exploit the defensive mechanism of the startle response by using ASEs as a form of attentional redirect in order to engage the viewer with on-screen information and presenting marketing information to be remembered by the viewer during a hypervigilance phase. Startle events in the sample are typically the product of the interrelationship between sound design, editing, and movement, but there are also numerous instances when a startle event is not associated with a cut and a moment of horror is the product of the combination of an acoustic startle and movement only.
Catchment-Scale Drought Propagation Assessment in the Indus Basin of Pakistan Using a Combined Approach of Principal Components and Wavelet Analyses
Authors: Ur Rahman Khalil , Shang Songhao , Balkhair Khaled , Nusrat Ammara 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aims to comprehend the propagation of meteorological drought [expressed by the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI)] into hydrological drought [expressed by the standardized runoff index (SRI)] using the combined application of principal component analysis (PCA) and wavelet analysis for a period of 39 years (1980–2018) in the Indus basin, Pakistan. PCA was used to calculate principal components of precipitation, temperature, and streamflow, which were used to systematically propagate drought from one catchment to another, resulting in a catchment-scale drought assessment. The systematic propagation of drought was useful in capturing the effects of local climate variability in the 27 catchments of the Indus basin. Wavelet analyses are used to calculate the variability of SPEI/SRI and propagation (analyzed with the wavelet coherence) from SPEI to SRI. The propagation time from SPEI to SRI was cross correlated. SPEI/SRI time series showed extreme/severe droughts in 16 out of the 39 years, where relatively weak apparent wet and drought events are observed at short periods (1 month) and apparent at longer periods (6 and 12 months). Propagation from SPEI to SRI is catchment specific, with most catchments showing transition in early years (1997–2003). Propagation rate is higher in the upper Indus basin (UIB) and lower Indus basin (LIB) than in the middle Indus basin (MIB), suggesting that climate plays an important role in drought development and propagation. Results also showed a shorter and longer propagation time in the UIB and LIB, respectively. This study has helped us understand the behavior of droughts at catchment scale and will therefore help in the development of drought mitigation plans in Pakistan and similar regions around the world.
The Reliability of the Tönnis Grading System in Patients Undergoing Hip Preservation
Authors: Pullen W. Michael , Carreira Dominic S. , Wong Ivan , Aoki Stephen K. , Lynch T. Sean , Mather Richard C. , Ayeni Olufemi R. , Byrd J.W. Thomas , Safran Marc R. 
Published: January 2023

Background: The presence of pre-existing osteoarthritis (OA) has been associated with poor results after hip arthroscopic surgery. There is limited evidence validating the currently available grading systems of hip OA in patients undergoing hip preservation. Purpose/Hypothesis: Our purpose was to evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities of 2 grading systems in a group of patients undergoing hip preservation: the Tönnis grading system and a simple 4-choice Likert scale. The hypothesis was that interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities using the Tönnis grading system would be poor among surgeons experienced in hip preservation and that a 4-choice Likert scale would be more reliable. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 100 hip radiographs were reviewed by 8 experienced hip preservation surgeons. Overall, 2 rounds of reviews were performed, at least 3 weeks apart, assessing for the presence, degree, and/or location of joint space narrowing, joint space asymmetry, subchondral cysts, osteophytes, and sclerosis. The radiographs were assigned a Tönnis grade as well as a Likert grade of OA, reported as none, mild, moderate, or severe. Statistical analysis was conducted to provide Fleiss kappa values with 95% CIs. Agreement was classified as poor for <0.00, slight for 0.00-0.20, fair for 0.21-0.40, moderate for 0.41-0.60, substantial for 0.61-0.80, and almost perfect for >0.80. Results: A total of 50 patients (28 female and 22 male) with a mean age of 42.8 ± 14.2 years (range, 19-70 years) were reviewed. The Tönnis grade demonstrated an interobserver kappa value of 0.30 (95% CI, 0.26-0.34). The Likert grade demonstrated an interobserver kappa value of 0.33 (95% CI, 0.28-0.37). All other measures demonstrated interobserver kappa values classified as slight or fair except for subchondral cysts which was moderate. Intraobserver reliabilities were statistically significantly higher than interobserver reliabilities. Intraobserver reliabilities for both the Tönnis grade (κ = 0.55 [95% CI, 0.51-0.60]) and Likert grade (κ = 0.59 [95% CI, 0.55-0.63]) demonstrated similar kappa values, consistent with moderate agreement. Subchondral cysts demonstrated the strongest interobserver (κ = 0.53) and intraobserver (κ = 0.85) reliabilities. Conclusion: Interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities were fair and moderate, respectively, for grading OA. Given the limited interobserver reliability, caution should be used when interpreting and translating studies that utilize the Tönnis grade or other rating to dictate treatment algorithms.
The indexing policy in the practices of Brazilian institutional repositories: A diagnostic study from the perception of managers and indexers
Authors: Fujita Mariângela Spotti Lopes , Tartarotti Roberta Cristina Dal’Evedove , Dal’Evedove Paula Regina , Panuto Jéssica Cristina 
Published: January 2023

Institutional repositories aim to gather, treat and disseminate information resources produced in a given institution. The adoption of an indexing policy aims to improve information retrieval by the user community of the institutional repository, by proposing elements that standardize the practices of librarians who work in subject cataloging. The objective of the research is to analyze the perception of managers and indexers of Brazilian institutional repositories about the indexing policy for information organization and representation, with the specific objectives of performing a compared evaluation of elements and variables (characteristics, processes, and instruments) of the indexing policy regarding indexing and retrieval, discussion of vocabulary control procedures, and obtaining an overview focusing on the perception of the need for an indexing policy in Brazilian institutional repositories. Semi-structured interviews were applied to nine participants from eight institutional repositories to investigate the requirements, elements and variables of the indexing policy in the practice of managers and librarians of institutional repositories. The results reveal the need for improvements in the practices of the analyzed institutional repositories regarding the activities of subject cataloging, standardization of subject metadata, and vocabulary control, queries, and in carrying out tests or trials for continuous evaluation of indexing and information retrieval with users. The study also revealed that this scenario can be more positive if institutional repositories adopt an indexing policy for the practices they perform in repositories to be understood by managers and librarians as a tool to improve information retrieval. La política de indización en las prácticas de los repositorios institucionales brasileños: un estudio de diagnóstico desde la percepción de gestores e indexadores
Lapses in the Person Radar: ADHD Symptoms Predict Difficulty in Interpersonal Distancing
Authors: Brown Chris R. H. , Forster Sophie 
Published: January 2023

Objective: Across contexts, from social cognition to the COVID-19 pandemic response, individual variation in the regulation of interpersonal distance has typically been viewed as a voluntary choice. Here we examine the frequency of unintentional lapses in interpersonal distancing, and their relationship with childhood ADHD symptoms. Method: We administered a novel measure of difficulty with interpersonal distancing across three undergraduate samples (total N = 1,225), in addition to measures of recalled childhood ADHD symptoms, mind wandering, and hyperfocus. Results: Almost all (>97%) participants reported unintentional lapses in maintaining interpersonal distance, with 16% experiencing such lapses frequently. Thirty percent of the variance in these reports was accounted for by attentional traits: Inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive ADHD symptoms jointly predicted difficulties with interpersonal distancing, with the former relationship fully mediated by hyperfocus and spontaneous mind wandering. Conclusion: Both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive ADHD symptoms confer vulnerability to frequent unintentional lapses in interpersonal distancing.
A fog-assisted information model based on priority queue and clinical decision support systems
Authors: Yazdani Azita , Dashti Seyedeh Fatemeh , Safdari Yeganeh 
Published: January 2023

Objectives Telehealth monitoring applications are latency-sensitive. The current fog-based telehealth monitoring models are mainly focused on the role of the fog computing in improving response time and latency. In this paper, we have introduced a new service called “priority queue” in fog layer, which is programmed to prioritize the events sent by different sources in different environments to assist the cloud layer with reducing response time and latency. Material and Methods We analyzed the performance of the proposed model in a fog-enabled cloud environment with the IFogSim toolkit. To provide a comparison of cloud and fog computing environments, three parameters namely response time, latency, and network usage were used. We used the Pima Indian diabetes dataset to evaluate the model. Result The fog layer proved to be very effective in improving the response time while handling emergencies using priority queues. The proposed model reduces response time by 25.8%, latency by 36.18%, bandwidth by 28.17%, and network usage time by 41.4% as compared to the cloud. Conclusion By combining priority queues, and fog computing in this study, the network usage, latency time, bandwidth, and response time were significantly reduced as compared to cloud computing.
Rethinking liberal multiculturalism: Foundations, practices and methodologies
Authors: Boucher François , Guérard de Latour Sophie , Baycan-Herzog Esma 
Published: January 2023

The article introduces a special issue on “Rethinking Liberal Multiculturalism: Foundations, Practices and Methodologies.” The contributions presented in this special issue were discussed during the conference « Multicultural Citizenship 25 Years Later », held in Paris in November 2021. Their aim is to take stock of the legacy of Kymlicka’s contribution and to highlight new developments in theories of liberal multiculturalism and minority rights. The contributions do not purport to challenge the legitimacy of theories of multiculturalism and minority rights, they rather aim at deepening our understanding of the foundations of liberal multiculturalism and of its practical implementation, sensitive to social scientific dynamics of diverse societies. Without abandoning the general idea that cultural minorities should be granted special minority rights, the essays presented raise new questions about three dimensions central to liberal multiculturalism: its normative foundations, its practical categories of minorities or groups, and its fact-sensitive methodology. Taken together they shed light on the renewed variety of theories of liberal multiculturalism highlighting their complexity and internal disagreements. To introduce these articles, the article first draws a brief historical overview of the debates on multiculturalism since the 1990s (section 1). It then highlights the distinctive aspects of Kymlicka’s contribution (section 2) and identifies recent research trends (section 3). Doing so, it explains how the articles gathered here both expand on those distinctive aspects and explore those new research avenues. The section 4 summarizes the contributions.
Preoperative Oswestry Disability Index Cannot Reliably Predict Patient Satisfaction After Single and Double Level Lumbar Transforaminal Interbody Fusion Surgery
Authors: Teo Bryon Jun Xiong , Howe Tet Sen , Chan Cheri , Koh Joyce SB. , Yeo William , Ng Yeong Huei 
Published: January 2023

Introduction The role of patient-reported outcomes in preoperative assessment is not well studied. There is recent interest in studying whether Patient-reported outcomes scores can be used either independently, or in conjunction with clinical findings, in the assessment of patients for surgery. Aims To investigate if improvement in clinically significant scores correlate with post-operative patient satisfaction in 1-2 level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgery. We also aim to define a threshold Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) which correlate with achieving post-operative MCID and patient satisfaction. Methods 1001 patients who underwent single or double level TLIF (Minimally invasive and Open) in our institution with at least 2 years follow up were included in this study. We studied self-reported measures including patient satisfaction and ODI score. Results At 2-year follow-up, the overall mean ODI score improved from 49.7 ± 18.3 to 13.9 ± 15.2 ( P < 0.001) with 74.6% of patients meeting the MCID. Patient satisfaction was achieved in 95.3% of all patients. In the MIS group, the preoperative cut-off was determined to be 37.2 at maximal Youden index associated with AUC of 0.72 (95% CI 0.65-0.86). In the open group, the preoperative cut-off was determined to be 37.2 at maximal Youden index associated with AUC of 0.70 (95% CI 0.62-0.77). Using the preoperative cut-offs found, there was no significant difference in patient satisfaction in both MIS and open groups. Conclusions Overall, our patients undergoing TLIF had good 2-year ODI score improvement and patient satisfaction after surgery. While meeting the MCID for ODI score correlates with patients’ satisfaction postoperatively, 75% of patients not meeting the MCID for ODI score remained satisfied with the surgery. We are unable to define a threshold pre-operative ODI which correlates with achieving post-operative MCID and patient satisfaction.