bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Lactobacillus crispatus-containing oral and vaginal probiotics on vaginal health: a randomised double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial
Authors: Mändar R. , Sõerunurk G. , Štšepetova J. , Smidt I. , Rööp T. , Kõljalg S. , Saare M. , Ausmees K. , Le D.D. , Jaagura M. , Piiskop S. , Tamm H. , Salumets A. 
Published: March 2023

Health of reproductive tract is tightly associated with balance of microbial communities in this area. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) represent common disturbances of vaginal communities. Vaginal discharge due to BV or VVC is a very frequent reason for visiting gynaecologist. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the novel evidence-based probiotics on BV and VVC patients. The study group included 89 BV and 93 VVC patients (aged 18-50 years) who were recruited into randomised double-blind placebo-controlled two-arm parallel trial. The patients of each diagnosis group received oral or vaginal probiotic capsules, or placebo capsules during 3 months. A probiotic capsule contained two (DSM32717 and DSM32720, in case of BV) or three (DSM32720, DSM32718 and DSM32716, in case of VVC) Lactobacillus crispatus strains. Vaginal, intestinal and general health was monitored weekly by questionnaire. Blood analyses were done in the beginning and at the end of trial. Vaginal samples were collected monthly, microscopic and molecular analyses were performed. The study revealed that both oral and vaginal capsules reduced the signs and symptoms in BV patients. Remarkable improvement was noted in Nugent score, amount and smell of discharge, but also in itching/irritation. Consumption of vaginal probiotics significantly increased the lactobacilli counts in their vagina while mean proportion of some BV-related bacteria decreased. In VVC patients, both oral and vaginal capsules lowered the combined score of two most important symptoms, amount of discharge and itching/irritation. In conclusion, the novel formulations of evidence-based well-focused probiotic L. crispatus strains are effective against BV and VVC being suitable for both vaginal and oral administration.
Clinical trial registration: ISRCTN34840624, BioMed Central
L’eau dans la maison : puits domestiques recensés dans le Site patrimonial remarquable de Toulouse – premier bilan
Authors: Bos Teddy , Chaillou Mélanie , Friquart Louise-Emmanuelle , Krispin Laure 
Published: March 2023

L’inventaire du Site patrimonial remarquable de Toulouse mené dans le cadre de l’élaboration du Plan de Sauvegarde et de Mise en Valeur (2018-2021) a permis de repérer un grand nombre de puits, certains encore en eau, dans les cours ou les caves des immeubles où l’accès a été possible. Après avoir exposé le contexte hydrologique du sous-sol toulousain, un bilan de ce recensement est proposé. La réflexion s’est d’abord portée sur la localisation de ces aménagements, dans les quartiers du centre-ville et sur la parcelle elle-même, en confrontant les puits vus avec ceux apparaissant sur le cadastre Grandvoinet (1788-1821) et en mettant l’accent sur une typologie de puits particulière : les puits mitoyens. L’analyse des éléments de puisage encore en place, de la mise en œuvre de ces édicules et de leurs décors complète ce premier état des lieux des puits domestiques dans le centre ancien de Toulouse.
Le Sor en Montagne noire, histoire d’une source d’énergie hydraulique
Authors: Pousthomis Bernard 
Published: March 2023

Un débit raisonnable et un des plus réguliers du piémont de la Montagne noire sont à l’origine de l’installation de moulins hydrauliques sur la rivière Sor, plus précisément dans la vallée de Durfort, dans le Tarn. On trouve les premières mentions de moulins à grains ou bladiers et de moulins foulons ou drapiers au XIIIe siècle. Apparaissent au XVe siècle les premières moulines à métal ou martinets qui, aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles, remplacent et supplantent progressivement les moulins foulons. Ce n’est qu’à partir du début du XVIIe siècle que ces martinets se spécialisent dans le travail du cuivre, faisant la renommée de Durfort jusqu’à la fin du XXe siècle. Il faut ajouter à tout cela quelques scies hydrauliques ou ressègues et de rares clouteries. Cette industrie hydraulique constitue un cas particulier dans l’histoire économique du Lauragais par l’exceptionnelle densité de ses usines.La documentation historique, vérifiée et complétée par des prospections sur le terrain, a permis de dresser une carte exhaustive de toutes ces usines, dans les limites de la vallée du Sor, et d’en établir un inventaire chronologique du XIIIe siècle à nos jours.
De l’eau au moulin : enquête sur les moulins de sources et de rivières dans le piémont biterrois
Authors: Orengo Karyn 
Published: March 2023

En mars 2020, le Pays d’art et d’histoire Haut Languedoc et Vignobles (34) a entrepris, en partenariat avec la Région Occitanie, une étude thématique des moulins hydrauliques de son territoire. L’enquête appréhende ces bâtiments non seulement en tant que sites de production, mais aussi comme composants d’un environnement global. Après une première phase circonscrite à sept communes du Minervois héraultais, l’enquête s’est poursuivie entre mars et décembre 2022 sur le périmètre de l’actuelle Communauté de communes Les Avant-Monts (25 communes). Ce nouveau terrain a offert l’opportunité de confronter les observations précédemment recueillies et de développer de nouvelles problématiques. Cette contribution s’attachera à restituer le paysage du moulin hydraulique dans toute sa complexité, à mettre en lumière l’adaptation des hommes au contexte hydrologique et topographique local et à questionner les stratégies de réaction et de dépassement mises en œuvre en réponse aux événements environnementaux.
Le flottage sur l’Aude et le commerce du bois de la haute vallée (XVIIIe-XIXe siècle)
Authors: Fabre Éric 
Published: March 2023

Longtemps l’économie ne peut fonctionner sans bois, autant pour le chauffage domestique et industriel que pour la construction et la fabrication de mille objets du quotidien. Dans le Midi, entre montagne et Méditerranée, la tension est forte : les contrées trop sèches ne peuvent fournir du bois en qualité et quantité, alors que la montagne est riche de forêts qui sont bien peu accessibles. La solution est partout la même en Europe : utiliser les cours d’eau pour mettre en relation les espaces producteurs et consommateurs. Les pièces de bois, grosses et petites, sont flottées, qu’elles restent isolées dans le flottage à bûches perdues ou qu’elles soient assemblées en radeau. Ce travail analyse les modalités du flottage sur le fleuve Aude dont la tête du bassin versant est riche de hêtre et de sapin, entre contraintes hydrologiques, obstacles que constituent les prises d’eau des établissements hydrauliques et exigences des marchands de bois qui commanditent le travail des radeliers.
Le dossier thématique de l’Inventaire général, un outil pour la recherche textile
Authors: Pagnon Josiane 
Published: March 2023

Cet article vise à présenter des cas pratiques - concernant les textiles – d’application d’un type particulier de dossier de l’Inventaire général du patrimoine culturel, le dossier thématique. Cet outil documentaire permet de regrouper autrement les informations sur des biens culturels de types variés, ici des maisons de chasublerie religieuse, des dessins textiles fameux, des constats de découvertes de terrain qui mériteraient des recherches approfondies.
Les eaux vives de l’Adour. Maîtrise et devenir au fil du temps
Authors: Gaillaguet Danièle , Rösch Didier , Sabatier Richard 
Published: March 2023

Le « courtaou1 » des Esclozes, situé à une petite heure de marche du site touristique de Payolle, comprenait une vingtaine de cabanes, en ruines depuis plus d’une cinquantaine d’années. L’une de ces cabanes et l’abri de traite attenant, bâtis en pierres sèches, ont fait l’objet d’une restauration à l’identique par l’association Pierre des Esclozes créée dans ce but en 2012. Une rigole d’amenée d’eau de plus d’un kilomètre a également été remise en service.Ce chantier réalisé par des bénévoles et soutenu par la municipalité de Campan a attiré depuis de nombreux visiteurs. Pendant l’été, des membres de l’association viennent chaque semaine assurer l’entretien du site. Ces journées et les deux grands chantiers annuels annoncés par voie de presse sont l’occasion de nouvelles rencontres.Divers travaux et recherches se sont développés à la périphérie de ces activités concernant la vie pastorale et l’histoire du très remarquable système d’irrigation gravitaire qui caractérise la vallée de Campan. Le site contribue de la sorte à l’information et à la mobilisation de bénévoles en vue de mieux comprendre l’évolution des paysages et des cours d’eau qui les animent ainsi que les modalités de leur entretien régulier.
Intrapulmonary Feeding Tube Placements While Using an Electromagnetic Placement Device: A Review (2019–2021)
Authors: Metheny Norma A. , Taylor Stephen J. , Meert Kathleen L. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundIntrapulmonary placements of feeding tubes inserted with use of an electromagnetic placement device (EMPD) continue to occur.ObjectiveTo describe circumstances and outcomes associated with intrapulmonary feeding tube placements during use of an EMPD.MethodsA retrospective review of reports to the US Food and Drug Administration’s Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database of intrapulmonary feeding tube placements during use of an EMPD from 2019 through 2021. Complications, outcomes, operator training, interference from anatomical variations and medical devices, and the use and accuracy of radiographs in identifying pulmonary placements were recorded.ResultsSixty-two cases of intrapulmonary tube placement were identified; 10 were associated with a fatal outcome. Pneumothorax occurred in 35 cases and feedings were delivered into the lung in 11 cases. User error was cited in 6 cases and was implicit in most others. Little information was provided about operator training. Four intrapulmonary placements were associated with anatomical variations and 1 with a left ventricular assist device. Radiographic follow-up was described in 28 cases and correctly identified 23 of the intrapulmonary placements.ConclusionsUser error was a significant factor, which highlights the need for empirical data to clarify the amount of training needed to safely credential EMPD operators. Clearer information is needed about anatomical variations that may contraindicate use of an EMPD, as well as medical devices that may interfere with an EMPD. Use of follow-up radiographs, interpreted by qualified personnel, is supported to increase the probability of identifying intrapulmonary tube placements.
Factors influencing insulin initiation in primary care facilities in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Mathose Tasunungurwa T. , Mash Robert 
Published: March 2023

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a leading cause of mortality in South Africa and resistance to the use of insulin is common. This study aimed to explore factors that influence the initiation of insulin in patients with T2DM in primary care facilities in Cape Town, South Africa.Methods: An exploratory descriptive qualitative study was conducted. Seventeen semi-structured interviews were held with patients eligible for insulin, on insulin and primary care providers. Participants were selected by maximum variation purposive sampling. Data were analysed using the framework method in Atlas-ti.Results: Factors related to the health system, service delivery, clinical care and patients. Systemic issues related to the required inputs of workforce, educational materials, and supplies. Service delivery issues related to workload, poor continuity and parallel coordination of care. Clinical issues related to adequate counselling. Patient factors included a lack of trust, concerns about injections, impact on lifestyle and disposal of needles.Conclusion: Although resource constraints are likely to remain, district and facility managers can improve supplies, educational materials, continuity and coordination. Counselling must be improved and may require innovative alternative approaches to support clinicians who face high number of patients. Alternative approaches using group education, telehealth and digital solutions should be considered.Contribution: This study identified key factors influencing insulin initiation in patients with T2DM in primary care. These can be addressed by those responsible for clinical governance, service delivery and in further research.
A Christian ethical analysis of the importance of prophetic leadership for sustainable leadership
Authors: Kretzschmar Louise 
Published: March 2023

In this article, firstly, prophetic leadership is defined and some of its key features are outlined. Secondly, the contribution made by prophetic leadership to sustainable leadership is investigated, using examples from historical and contemporary societies and organisations. The role of truth-tellers and whistleblowers is also discussed. Thirdly, the importance of utilising and nurturing prophetic leadership in church and theological education settings is discussed.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: In its analysis of prophetic and sustainable leadership in historical and contemporary settings, this article draws primarily on the theological discipline of Christian Ethics and, secondarily, on biblical studies and Leadership and Management Sciences.
Adrenal Venous Sampling in Primary Aldosteronism: Single-Centre Experience from Western India
Authors: Rathod Krantikumar , Memon Saba S. , Mahajan Punit , Lila Anurag , Thakkar Dhaval , Deshmukh Hemant , Bandgar Tushar 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
The protocols and criteria used for adrenal venous sampling (AVS) differ across centres. There are no studies from the Indian subcontinent describing AVS-based outcomes in primary aldosteronism (PA). We aim to describe our experience from a single centre.

Methods:
Retrospective records from 2018 to 2020 of patients with confirmed PA who underwent AVS were reviewed. Clinical, imaging, AVS data and outcomes (as per PASO criteria) were recorded. AVS was performed by sequential sampling with cosyntropin stimulation with intraprocedural cortisol and cut-off of selectivity >5 and lateralization >4 by a single radiologist.

Results:
Fifteen patients with median age of 50 years (41–58) and duration of hypertension of 156 (36–204) months were included. Ten had grade 3 hypertension, 13 had hypokalaemia and 3 had hypokalaemic paralysis. On CT scan, eight patients had bilateral adrenal lesions, four had unilateral adenoma and three patients had normal adrenals. AVS was bilaterally successful in all and showed lateralization of disease in 10 patients and was bilateral in the remaining 5 patients. Overall concordance of CT and AVS was 5/15 (33.3%). Among seven patients who underwent surgery, complete clinical success was seen in two and partial clinical success in the remaining five. Complete biochemical success was seen in two and partial in one. There were no major complications.

Conclusions:
AVS performed by a single radiologist with defined protocols has a good success rate. AVS has additional value over CT scan in lateralization, especially when CT shows bilateral disease.
Study of Correlation between Serum Osteoprotegerin, TNF-Alfa, and Biomarkers of Bone Metabolism in Patients with Treatment-Naive Graves’ Disease—A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Behera Kishore , Sahu Suchanda , Agrawal Kanhaiyalal , Soren Uttam K. , Parida Girish K. , Srinivasan Anand 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
Primary – a study of the correlation between serum osteoprotegerin (OPG), and biomarkers of bone metabolism in patients with treatment-naive Graves’ disease (GD). Secondary – serum level of OPG, TNF-alfa, and biomarkers of bone metabolism in patients three months after treatment of GD with methimazole (MMI).

Materials and Methods:
A total of thirty-five treatment-naive newly diagnosed GDs were recruited for the study, most of them female. All patients started with MMI for treatment and various blood parameters were measured at baseline and three months after treatment. Measurements: Serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP), OPG, TNF-alfa, and urine deoxypyridinoline (U-DPD) along with serum-free T3 and T4, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid receptor antibody (TR-ab) were analysed at baseline and three months after MMI treatment. All the patients had euthyroid at three months of MMI treatment.

Results:
Mean serum OPG (0.94 ± 1.39 vs. 0.63 ± 0.27 ng/ml; P = 0.262) level at baseline and after treatment with MMI did not show any significant change. Mean TSH level (0.207 ± 0.59 vs. 1.00 ± 1.95, P = 0.025) was significantly low at baseline than after treatment; FT4 (5.9 ± 5.22 v 1.77 ± 1.89 ng/dl; P < 0.001), FT3 (12.19 ± 6.91 vs. 4.99 ± 3.55 pg/ml; P < 0.001), and TNF-alfa values decreased significantly after treatment, however, PTH (58.09 ± 28.75 vs. 75.57 ± 41.50; P < 0.026) increased significantly after treatment.

Discussion:
There is no correlation of OPG with thyroid hormone profile, TSH, thyroid receptor antibody (TR-ab), and bone metabolic parameters such as serum Ca, P, B-ALP, TNF-alfa, and U-DPD in our study. Mean TNF-alfa decreased significantly (393.43 ± 270.473 vs. 139.34 ± 101.264 pg/ml; P = 0.001) level after treatment with MMI. TNF-alfa was positively correlated with TR-ab (r = 0.374; P = 0.027) and B-ALP (r = 0.388; P = 0.021).

Conclusion:
The bone turnover marker in GD seems to be mediated other than OPG. We observed an increase in circulating TNF-alfa in GD with a significant decrease after treatment. TNF-alfa could be a marker of GD activity as evidenced by a close positive correlation with TR-ab, a sensitive marker of GD autoimmunity. TNF-alfa could be a factor associated with bone turnover markers in GD despite its euthyroid state.
Are Severe Forms of Thyroid Eye Disease Common in the Indian Population? Clinical Characteristics of 136 Patients from a Tertiary Eye Care Centre
Authors: Subramaniam Dhakshini L. , Yadalla Dayakar , Rajagopalan Jayagayathri 
Published: March 2023

Context:
Considerable evidence of gender, ethnicity, thyroid dysfunction, and environmental factors including smoking influencing the development and progression of thyroid eye disease (TED).

Settings and Design:
Cross-sectional study of the clinical characteristics of 136 patients with TED who presented to the Orbit and Oculoplasty services at a tertiary eye care center in south India between October 2018 and June 2020.

Results:
Among the 136 patients (M: 61, F: 75), the mean age was 47.04 (SD ± 13.24) years. Hyperthyroid disease was present in 53%, hypothyroid disease in 40%, and 7.3% were euthyroid. Active disease was noted in 25% and inactive disease in 75% of patients. Active disease was present in 25% of hyperthyroid, 18.5% of hypothyroid, and 15% of euthyroid patients. Active TED showed statistically significant association toward development of greater severity of proptosis (P = 0.001), optic neuropathy (P = 0.004), and extraocular movement restriction (P < 0.001) as compared to inactive disease. Mild, moderate to severe, and sight-threatening TED was noted in 34.6%, 59.6%, and 6% of patients, respectively. Nine eyes had dysthyroid optic neuropathy, of which eight had either mild or no proptosis while one had moderate to severe proptosis.

Conclusion:
Prevalence of active as well as severe thyroid eye disease is common in our population. Recommendation for ophthalmological examination of patients even with milder disease especially when associated with decreased vision and signs of inflammation. Active disease is less common in euthyroid patients, thus necessitating maintaining the euthyroid status toward reducing disease activity and progression.
A cross-sectional study to assess the post-traumatic stress disorder among discharged coronavirus disease-19-infected individuals in Karnataka, Southern India
Authors: Gudegowda Kishore Shettihalli , George Riya , Partheeban Iswarya , Sobagaiah Ranganath T. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder that may develop after exposure to a horrifying or traumatic event. India reported a high number of cases worldwide during the waves of the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Even though a high prevalence of PTSD is expected among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, only a very few studies have addressed the issue till now. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with PTSD among discharged COVID-19-infected individuals from a designated COVID-19 hospital in Karnataka.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 120 patients who were discharged after recovery from a designated COVID-19 hospital in Karnataka. Multistage random sampling was done, and equal representation was ensured from all the zones as per the hospital protocol from April 2021 to June 2021. Telephonic interviews with the subjects were conducted; participants were evaluated for PTSD using a semi-structured, prevalidated questionnaire (impact of events scale-revised) after 1 month of discharge from the hospital.

Results:
The prevalence of PTSD was found to be 29.16%. PTSD was more commonly associated among the middle age group, presence of comorbidities, and with an increased number of days of hospitalization stay especially in ICU with the ventilator.

Conclusions:
Studying PTSD and its associated factors is necessary to inform about the COVID-19 prognosis. Physicians treating the patient and caretakers of patients should be aware of PTSD risk and should consider PTSD Screening.
Comparison of I-gel™ versus Baska mask® on oropharyngeal sealing pressure in patients receiving general anesthesia under spontaneous ventilation
Authors: Ramya Bhimala Naga , Dav Sandeep Kumar , Segaran Sivakumar , Sivaramakrishnan D. , Zachariah Mamie , Ranjan R. V. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Baska mask® is a newer third-generation supraglottic airway device (SAD) having a self-sealing membranous cuff that does not require inflation. Oropharyngeal sealing pressure (OSP) is used to quantify the efficacy of airway sealing in SAD. Our primary objective was to compare OSP between Baska mask® and I-gel™ in patients receiving general anesthesia on spontaneous ventilation. The secondary objectives were to determine the ease, duration, number of attempts during insertion, hemodynamic responses, and perioperative complications.

Methodology:
Fifty patients scheduled for a variety of surgical procedures lasting up to 90 min under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to one of the two groups, Group B (Baska mask®) and Group I (I-gel™). Data were collected and entered into an Excel sheet. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Statistical tests used were Student's unpaired t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, and Fisher's exact test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The OSP was significantly higher in Group B than in Group I (29.4 ± 6.01 vs. 26.32 ± 4.26 cmH2O, respectively) (P = 0.042). The number of attempts, mean duration, and grade of ease of insertion in both groups had no statistical difference. Hemodynamic parameters were not significantly different between both groups. No postoperative complications were noticed in either group.

Conclusion:
Baska mask® offers a superior airway sealing pressure compared to I-gel™ without significant hemodynamic changes, with equal first-pass success rate and postoperative complications.