bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface‐Engineered Liquid Metal Particles for Printing Stretchable Conductive Composites with Enhanced Stability Under Different Strain Rates
Authors: Chin Ren‐Mian , Han Youngshang , Malakooti Mohammad H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntegrating liquid metal (LM) particles into compliant polymers presents an innovative approach for developing intelligent and adaptable systems in stretchable electronics, wearable devices, soft robotics, and other emerging technologies. However, the inherent electrically insulative nature of these solid‐liquid composites, compounded by the gallium oxide shell surrounding LM droplets, poses a significant challenge in establishing conductive pathways, especially for small droplet sizes and ultrasoft elastomers. Here, an interface modification approach that addresses this bottleneck and enables the synthesis of highly stretchable and printable composites with LM microparticles (<2 µm) is presented. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is used to functionalize these small LM inclusions, weakening the particle‐matrix interface, and facilitating the formation of a conductive percolating network under tensile strain. Optimized synthesis parameters result in printed conductive traces with excellent electrical conductivity (0.2 Ω cm−1), ultra‐high elongation at break (>900% strain), and minimal resistance change (≈131%). Furthermore, this comprehensive study of the electromechanical response of these stretchable conductors under various strain rates reveals their exceptional stability under dynamic loading conditions, surpassing the performance of conductive traces composed of sprayed liquid metal. Finally, the potential application of these multifunctional materials in stretchable circuitry, addressing the demand for high stretchability and stability in wearable electronics, is demonstrated.
Reversible Luminochromism of an N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Protected Carbon‐Centered Hexagold(I) Cluster by Solvent and Mechanical Stimuli
Authors: Foianesi‐Takeshige Leonardo Hayato , Pei Xiao‐Li , Zhao Pei , Ube Hitoshi , Lei Zhen , Ehara Masahiro , Shionoya Mitsuhiko 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLuminochromic gold clusters have potential applications in sensing due to the unique optical properties arising from their geometric and electronic structures. However, the rational design of such clusters is extremely challenging, especially when the goal is to impart reversible stimuli‐responsive properties to gold clusters. Herein, the reversible multi‐stimuli responsiveness of a carbon‐centered hexagold(I) CAuI6 cluster protected by N,N’‐dibenzylbenzimidazolylidene (BIBn) ligands is reported. Two types of crystals emitting blue (λemmax = 479 nm) and turquoise (λemmax = 497 nm) photoluminescence (PL) are obtained and found to be interconvertible by the addition and removal of solvent. Single‐crystal X‐ray structure analysis has revealed significant differences between the crystal structures, including the conformation of the BIBn ligands. Theoretical calculations suggest that these conformational differences directly affect the photophysical properties and that the flexibility of the BIBn ligands attached to the CAuI6 core makes this possible. Furthermore, when these crystals are grounded with a spatula, they are found to emit green PL (λemmax = 520 nm) following a partial loss of crystallinity. This is a remarkable example of both vapoluminochromism and mechanoluminochromism in an N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐protected gold cluster and holds promise as a model compound for understanding the principles governing stimuli‐responsiveness in metal clusters.
Genetically Engineered Membrane‐Coated Nanoparticles as Versatile Platforms with Reduced Protein Corona for Targeted siRNA Delivery
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Zhao Lei , Liu Heng , Chen Hu , Wu Yaming , Wang Xiaoyong , Liu Gang , Zeng Yun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLow uptake efficiency in vivo as well as systemic toxicities of nucleic‐acid nanovehicles substantially retard the clinical translation of gene therapy. Targeted gene delivery to specific cell populations with antibody display techniques and membrane‐coated nanoparticle (NP) approaches may solve these problems. Here, a new class of targeted membrane‐camouflaged nanosystem is successfully constructed, which is made of polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles coated with biosynthetic antibody‐displaying membranes from stem cells. In murine models of rheumatoid arthritis and colitis, the membrane‐camouflaged nanocarriers displayed anti‐CD64 antibodies in a ligand‐oriented way via the biosynthetic method and has reduced protein corona due to the coating of the negatively charged cell membrane, thereby achieving remarkable therapeutic efficacy through silencing the TNF expression selectively in CD64‐positive immune cell subsets. By expressing a wide variety of functional protein ligands on the cellular membranes that are further coated onto PDA nanoparticles, the membrane‐camouflaged nanosystems can also serve as a versatile theranostic platform that enables antibody‐targeted gene/siRNA delivery to the cells of interest in vivo, especially immune cells.
“Smart” Matrix Microneedle Patch Made of Self‐Crosslinkable and Multifunctional Polymers for Delivering Insulin On‐Demand
Authors: Liu Jackie Fule , GhavamiNejad Amin , Lu Brian , Mirzaie Sako , Samarikhalaj Melisa , Giacca Adria , Wu Xiao Yu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA transdermal patch that delivers insulin at high glucose concentrations can offer tremendous advantages to ease the concern of safety and improve the quality of life for people with diabetes. Herein, a novel self‐crosslinkable and glucose‐responsive polymer‐based microneedle patch (MN) is designed to deliver insulin at hyperglycemia. The microneedle patch is made of hyaluronic acid polymers functionalized with dopamine and 4‐amino‐3‐fluorophenylboronic acid (AFBA) that can be quickly crosslinked upon mixing of the polymer solutions in the absence of any chemicalcrosslinking agents or organic solvents. The catechol groups in the dopamine (DA) units form covalent crosslinkages among themselves by auto‐oxidation and dynamic crosslink with phenylboronic acid (PBA) via complexation. The reversible crosslinkages between catechol and boronate decrease with increasing glucose concentration leading to higher swelling and faster insulin release at hyperglycemia as compared to euglycemia. Such superior glucose‐responsive properties are demonstrated by in vitro analyses and in vivo efficacy studies. The hydrogel polymers also preserve native structure and bioactivity of insulin, attributable to the interaction of hyaluronic acid (HA) with insulin molecules, as revealed by experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. The simplicity in the design and fabrication process, and glucose‐responsiveness in insulin delivery impart the matrix microneedle (mMN) patch great potential for clinical translation.
Kinetic network models to elucidate aggregation dynamics of aggregation‐induced emission systems
Authors: Liu Zige , Kalin Michael L. , Liu Bojun , Cao Siqin , Huang Xuhui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAggregation‐induced emission (AIE) is a phenomenon where a molecule that is weakly or non‐luminescent in a diluted solution becomes highly emissive when aggregated. AIE luminogens (AIEgens) hold promise in diverse applications like bioimaging, chemical sensing, and optoelectronics. Investigation in AIE luminescence is also critical for understanding aggregation kinetics as the aggregation process is an essential component of AIE emission. Experimental investigation of AIEgen aggregation is challenging due to the fast timescale of the aggregation and the amorphous aggregate structures. Computer simulations such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulation provide a valuable approach to complement experiments with atomic‐level knowledge to study the fast dynamics of aggregation processes. However, individual simulations still struggle to systematically elucidate heterogeneous kinetics of the formation of amorphous AIEgen aggregates. Kinetic network models (KNMs), constructed from an ensemble of MD simulations, hold great potential in addressing this challenge. In these models, dynamic processes are modeled as a series of Markovian transitions occurring among metastable conformational states at discrete time intervals. In this perspective article, we first review previous studies to characterize the AIEgen aggregation kinetics and their limitations. We then introduce KNMs as a promising approach to elucidate the complex kinetics of aggregations to address these limitations. More importantly, we discuss our perspective on linking the output of KNMs to experimental observations of time‐resolved AIE luminescence. We expect that this approach can validate the computational predictions and provide great insights into the aggregation kinetics for AIEgen aggregates. These insights will facilitate the rational design of improved AIEgens in their applications in biology and materials sciences.
Plasma Photocathodes
Authors: Habib Ahmad Fahim , Heinemann Thomas , Manahan Grace G. , Ullmann Daniel , Scherkl Paul , Knetsch Alexander , Sutherland Andrew , Beaton Andrew , Campbell David , Rutherford Lorne , Boulton Lewis , Nutter Alastair , Hewitt Adam , Dickson Alexander , Karger Oliver S. , Litos Michael D. , O'Shea Brendon D. , Andonian Gerard , Bruhwiler David L. , Pretzler Georg , Wilson Thomas , Sheng Zhengming , Stumpf Michael , Reichwein Lars , Pukhov Alexander , Cary John R. , Hogan Mark J. , Yakimenko Vitaly , Rosenzweig James B. , Hidding Bernhard 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPlasma wakefield accelerators offer accelerating and focusing electric fields three to four orders of magnitude larger than state‐of‐the‐art radiofrequency cavity‐based accelerators. Plasma photocathodes can release ultracold electron populations within such plasma waves and thus open a path toward tunable production of well‐defined, compact electron beams with normalized emittance and brightness many orders of magnitude better than state‐of‐the‐art. Such beams will have far‐reaching impact for applications such as light sources, but also open up new vistas on high energy and high field physics. This paper reviews the innovation of plasma photocathodes, and reports on the experimental progress, challenges, and future prospects of the approach. Details of the proof‐of‐concept demonstration of a plasma photocathode in 90° geometry at SLAC FACET within the E‐210: Trojan Horse program are described. Using this experience, alongside theoretical and simulation‐supported advances, an outlook is given on future realizations of plasma photocathodes such as the upcoming E‐310: Trojan Horse‐II program at FACET‐II with prospects toward excellent witness beam parameter quality, tunability, and stability. Future installations of plasma photocathodes also at compact, hybrid plasma wakefield accelerators, will then boost capacities and open up novel capabilities for experiments at the forefront of interaction of high brightness electron and photon beams.
Two‐component polymer sorting to obtain high‐purity s‐SWCNTs for all‐carbon photodetectors
Authors: Zheng Dandan , Yi Wenhui , Zhou JinFeng , Hou Jin , Si Jinhai , Hou Xun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe advancement of carbon‐based electronics is reliant on the development of semiconducting carbon nanotubes with high purity and yield. We developed a new extraction strategy to efficiently sort SWCNTs with superior yields and purity. The approach uses two polymers, poly[N‐(1‐octylnonyl)‐9H‐carbazol‐2,7‐diyl](PCz) and poly(9,9‐n‐dihexyl‐2,7‐fluorene‐alt‐9‐phenyl‐3,6‐carbazole)(PDFP), and two sonication processes to eliminate surface polymer contamination. PCz selectively wraps large‐diameter s‐SWCNTs, with PDFP added as an enhancing molecule to increase sorting efficiency at 4‐fold compared to the efficiency of only PCz alone sorting. The purity of the sorted s‐SWCNTs was confirmed to be above 99 % using absorption and Raman spectra. Field‐effect transistors and photodetectors made from the sorted s‐SWCNTs exhibited excellent semiconductor properties and broad‐spectrum detection, with good long‐term stability. Furthermore, a photodetector using large‐tube diameter s‐SWCNTs achieved broad‐spectrum detection, which the photoresponsivity is 0.35 mA/W and the detectivity is 4.7×106 Jones. The s‐SWCNTs/graphene heterojunction photodetector achieved a photoresponsivity of 3 mA/W and a detectivity of 6.3×106 Jones. This new strategy provides a promising approach to obtain high‐purity and high‐yield s‐SWCNTs for carbon‐based photodetectors.
A new bounded real lemma for discrete‐time linear descriptor systems
Authors: Wu Jenq‐Lang , Yung Chee‐Fai , Liu Wei‐Ting 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a new bounded real lemma for discrete‐time linear descriptor systems. We first present a necessary and sufficient condition for the admissibility of discrete‐time descriptor systems expressed in terms of strict linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). We then prove that a discrete‐time descriptor system is
‐stable if and only if a symmetric matrix satisfying two strict LMIs can be found. Two illustrative examples are provided for verification.
Morphology‐Dependent Influences on the Performance of Battery Cells with a Hierarchically Structured Positive Electrode**
Authors: Naumann Johanna , Bohn Nicole , Birkholz Oleg , Neumann Matthias , Müller Marcus , Binder Joachim R. , Kamlah Marc 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe rising demand for high‐performing batteries requires new technological concepts. To facilitate fast charge and discharge, hierarchically structured electrodes offer short diffusion paths in the active material. However, there are still gaps in understanding the influences on the cell performance of such electrodes. Here, we employed a cell model to demonstrate that the morphology of the hierarchically structured electrode determines which electrochemical processes dictate the cell performance. The potentially limiting processes include electronic conductivity within the porous secondary particles, solid diffusion within the primary particles, and ionic transport in the electrolyte surrounding the secondary particles. Mitigating these limits requires an electronic conductivity in the active material of at least 10−4 S m−1 and a primary particle radius below 100 nm. Our insights enable a goal‐oriented tailoring of hierarchically structured electrodes for high‐power applications.
Oxygen Vacancy Modulation towards High‐Performance Layered Oxide Cathodes for Lithium/Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jin Junteng , Liu Yongchang , Chen Jun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOxygen vacancies (Vo) as a common structural defect play a critical and fascinating role in regulating the physico‐chemical properties of metal oxides. For the layered transitional‐metal oxides (LTMOs) used as the popular cathodes for lithium/sodium‐ion batteries (LIBs or SIBs), Vo can modulate their intrinsic multi‐scale structural properties, thereby significantly affecting the final electrochemical performance. In this concept article, we summarize the fundamental structural regulation mechanisms of Vo in lithium/sodium‐based LTMOs in terms of ligand, local, and crystal structures. Finally, the current challenges and outlooks of Vo engineering are highlighted for future development of high‐performance layered oxide cathode materials.
Blood biomarker changes following therapeutic hypothermia in ischemic stroke
Authors: Palà Elena , Penalba Anna , Bustamante Alejandro , García‐Berrocoso Teresa , Lamana‐Vallverdú Marcel , Meisel Christian , Meisel Andreas , van der Worp H. Bart , R Macleod Malcolm , Kallmünzer Bernd , Schwab Stefan , Montaner Joan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionTherapeutic hypothermia is a promising candidate for stroke treatment although its efficacy has not yet been demonstrated in patients. Changes in blood molecules could act as surrogate markers to evaluate the efficacy and safety of therapeutic cooling.MethodsBlood samples from 54 patients included in the EuroHYP‐1 study (27 treated with hypothermia, and 27 controls) were obtained at baseline, 24 ± 2 h, and 72 ± 4 h. The levels of a panel of 27 biomarkers, including matrix metalloproteinases and cardiac and inflammatory markers, were measured.ResultsMetalloproteinase‐3 (MMP‐3), fatty‐acid‐binding protein (FABP), and interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) increased over time in relation to the hypothermia treatment. Statistically significant correlations between the minimum temperature achieved by each patient in the hypothermia group and the MMP‐3 level measured at 72 h, FABP level measured at 24 h, and IL‐8 levels measured at 24 and 72 h were found. No differential biomarker levels were observed in patients with poor or favorable outcomes according to modified Rankin Scale scores.ConclusionAlthough the exact roles of MMP3, FABP, and IL‐8 in hypothermia‐treated stroke patients are not known, further exploration is needed to confirm their roles in brain ischemia.
Analysis of child abuse by science mapping method
Authors: Unaldi Nurdan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChild abuse is defined as physical and emotional maltreatment, sexual abuse, neglect and exploitation that cause actual or potential harm to the child's health, development, or dignity. Bibliometrics analyses works produced in a particular field, period and region. It is used to determine the studies carried out in any field, their development and changes in the process, and possible trends. The Web of Science Core Collection database was preferred due to the vast amount of high‐quality and effective scientific articles accepted in academic environments worldwide. The data obtained from the database were extracted and filtered. The Bibliometrix program was used to perform a bibliometric analysis of the data obtained from the database. In our research, 2684 articles were analysed. The first scientific study on child abuse research was entered into the database in 1980. It was used in 786 sources and 2684 documents between 1980 and 2021. Child Abuse & Neglect is the journal with the most publications, representing 15.05 per cent (404/2684) of the total articles. The publication of articles on child abuse in journals started in the 1980s. An increase was observed in the number of articles published in the following years.
Solvent‐Free Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol at Atmospheric Pressure Catalyzed by Pd Nanoparticles Supported on g‐C3N4 Materials with Tunable Nitrogen Distributions
Authors: Li Chun‐Yuan , Feng Meng , Cui Lei , Wang Fei , Xue Bing , Xu Jie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSolvent‐free atmospheric selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BZA) by molecular oxygen is a promising and green process for the synthesis of benzaldehyde (BZL). Supported Pd nanoparticles have been widely reported in the catalytic selective oxidation of BZA where the activity depends on the chemical valence and dispersion of the Pd nanoparticles. Herein, a series of thermally exfoliated g‐C3N4 (eg‐C3N4) have been synthesized under various gas conditions (air/N2) and then applied as catalyst supports to load Pd nanoparticles. The physicochemical properties of the prepared Pd/eg‐C3N4 materials have been characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption, XRD, FT‐IR, UV‐vis, XPS, and TEM. Pd nanoparticles dispersed well on the supports, and the distributions of Pd and nitrogen species of the catalysts were related to the gas conditions of the supports. In the selective oxidation of BZA, 2.5Pd/eg‐C3N4‐AN catalyst afforded conversion of BZA and the selectivity to BZL of 88 % and 92 %, respectively. The metallic Pd0 species are considered the catalytic sites of Pd/eg‐C3N4 in the catalytic reaction and meanwhile, the basic Nb species of eg‐C3N4 were beneficial to the overall activity of the catalyst.
Elucidating the Role of Oxygen Species in Oxidative Coupling of Methane over Supported MnOx−Na2WO4‐containing Catalysts
Authors: Zanina Anna , Kondratenko Vita A. , Makhmutov Denis , Lund Henrik , Li Jianshu , Chen Juan , Li Yuming , Jiang Guiyuan , Kondratenko Evgenii V. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe present study of oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) over MnOx−Na2WO4/support catalysts demonstrated that the selectivity to C2H6 and C2H4 (C2‐hydrocarbons) is affected by the kind of support, co‐fed water, and the kind of oxidant (O2 vs. N2O). In addition to previous studies with MnOx−Na2WO4/SiO2, an enhancing water effect was obtained using catalysts based on TiO2‐ or ZrO2‐containing supports. However, a negative effect on methane conversion was established for SiO2−Al2O3‐supported catalysts. Temporal analysis of products with isotopic tracers suggests that the ability of MnOx−Na2WO4 to generate diatomic adsorbed oxygen species depends on the kind of support and is the key property for the water effect. The strength of the water effect on the activity decreases with an increase in the surface area of working catalysts. The kind of support also affects products selectivity due to its influence on the mobility/releasability of lattice oxygen in supported MnOx−Na2WO4. Among the prepared catalysts, MnOx−Na2WO4/TiO2 was found to be promising for H2O‐assisted OCM. The use of N2O instead of O2 further increases the selectivity to C2‐hydrocarbons to 84 % at 6.8 % CH4 conversion due to the formation of predominantly monoatomic oxygen species from N2O that selectively convert CH4 into C2H6.
Adaptive Data‐Driven Modeling Strategy Based on Feature Selection for an Industrial Natural Gas Sweetening Process
Authors: Jiang Wei , Li Jinjin , Chen Guanshan , Luo Renjiang , Chen Yan , Ji Xu , Li Zhuoxiang , He Ge 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs the core process of natural gas purification plant, natural gas sweetening directly affects the production efficiency and product quality of the purification plant. However, process modeling based on sulfur content prediction presents challenges in adaptability and accuracy. To tackle this, a machine learning‐based modeling approach is proposed that integrates an adaptive immune genetic algorithm with random forest (RF) to intelligently select process features as input variables for RF modeling. The industrial result indicates that the proposed method is able to remove interfering variables and adaptively achieve optimal model precision for different scenarios. It offers a novel research instrument for product quality monitoring in natural gas sweetening plants.
Lattice Tuning of Copper Single‐Crystal Surface for Electrochemical Carbon Monoxide Coupling Reaction: A Density Functional Theory Simulation
Authors: Zhang Xia‐Guang , Chen Si , Zheng Tao , Xuan Xiaopeng , Wen Yaping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCO is a key intermediate of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction, which determines the product species. Understanding the effect of metal electrode structure on the adsorption ability and reaction activity of CO is helpful for the design of high selective catalysts. Herein, the DFT calculations are used to investigate the relationship between lattice structure and reaction mechanism of CO, with copper electrode of various lattice constants used as catalysts. By analyzing the adsorption and reaction energies of CO at different lattice constants of Cu(111) and Cu(100) surfaces, we found that the CO adsorption ability is proportional to the increase in lattice, and *CO dimerization to *COCO is the main reaction pathway on Cu(100) surface. Furthermore, the forecasted possible reaction mechanism and products suggest that the coupling of *CO and *CHO to *COCHO and then to C2 products is the preferred pathway on Cu(111) surface for the lattice contraction. Alternatively, reduction of *CO to C1 products through *CHO intermediate is more beneficial for the normal and expanded lattice of Cu(111). This work offers an example of the geometrical influence factor on the CO adsorption ability and reaction activity, and helps to understanding the fundamental role of lattice expansion and contraction in catalysis.