bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the relationship between idiopathic restless legs syndrome and serum hepcidin levels
Authors: Alaçam Köksal Semra , Boncuk Ulaş Sena , Acar Bilgehan Atılgan , Acar Türkan , Güzey Aras Yeşim , Köroğlu Mehmet 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe relationship between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and iron deficiency is a well‐known topic. However, the etiology of the disease has not been determined. As the central iron deficiency is the most critical biological abnormality for RLS, we planned a study examining the relationship between RLS and hepcidin, which is the only regulatory hormone of iron metabolism known so far.MethodsInternational Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group diagnostic criteria (2014) were taken as a basis. A total of 40 RLS patients and 40 healthy controls were included in the study. To avoid the potential variables that might cause secondary RLS, all the participants were asked to provide hemogram, ferritin, iron, thyroid function tests, and sedimentation analysis. The hepcidin levels were measured with a Human Hepcidin (Hepc 25) ELISA kit (MyBioSource).ResultsThe statistically significant results of our analysis show that the red blood cell count, the neutrophil count, the percentage of lymphocytes and neutrophils, and, more distinctively, hepcidin levels were higher in RLS patients in comparison with the control group.ConclusionIn this study, no differences were found in iron and ferritin values. High levels of hepcidin, the main regulator of iron metabolism, in those with primary RLS support the possibility that hepcidin may play a role in the pathogenesis of RLS. We think that larger studies on this subject can give clearer ideas.
GestureTeach: A gesture guided online teaching interactive model
Authors: Liu Hongjun , Yao Chao , Zhang Yalan , Ban Xiaojuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOnline education has become more popular and effective due to the availability of high‐speed internet and technological innovations, which allow people from different locations to access educational resources and opportunities. However, online classes often face challenges such as limited interactivity and display options, which can affect the quality and effectiveness of the online learning experience. In this article, we propose GestureTeach, a new pedagogical paradigm that enables free handwriting interaction and animation generation for online teaching. GestureTeach uses gestures as a natural and intuitive way of interaction, which enhances the teacher's intention expression and the student's engagement. GestureTeach also generates animations from handwritten sketches, which improves the display effects of the interaction and the student's knowledge comprehension. We conducted a two‐stage study with 15 teachers and 90 students to evaluate the effectiveness of GestureTeach in facilitating classroom interaction. The results show that GestureTeach is preferred by both teachers and students over traditional online teaching methods and has the potential to transform the online teaching landscape by providing a seamless and interactive experience.
Consumer response journey following a product‐harm crisis: The role of online brand communities
Authors: Casey Julia , Huang Yimin (Stephanie) , Chen Shijiao (Joseph) 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOnline brand communities can serve as a crucial information source about a product‐harm crisis and allow consumers to seek information from others and share their opinions in a social dynamic environment. The role of an online brand community in shaping consumer responses following such a crisis nevertheless remains under‐researched. Drawing from attribution theory, this research explores the dynamic and holistic consumer journey in online brand communities following a product‐harm crisis, specifically examining consumer attribution as the key mechanism and consumers' decision to forgive the brand as the outcome response. This research includes two studies. First, a netnographic pilot study is conducted to provide real‐world evidence for the research phenomenon and to explore consumer responses within the natural setting of an online brand community. Second, the main study uses an interpretivist epistemological approach to track the unfolding process and capture the evolution of consumer attribution and forgiveness. The results show the social nature of attribution as members engage with others in online brand communities, seeking and verifying information, sensemaking and forming opinions. The findings make theoretical contributions to the literature on attribution and product‐harm crisis. The findings from the research also help brands make informed decisions on crisis management strategies.
Improving the Enantioselectivity of CHMOBrevi1 for Asymmetric Synthesis of Podophyllotoxin Precursor
Authors: Huang Shou‐Cheng , Zhang Yi‐Ke , Geng Qiang , Huang Qi‐Kang , Xu Jian‐He , Chen Yi‐Feng , Yu Hui‐Lei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract(R)‐β‐piperonyl‐γ‐butyrolactones are key building blocks for the synthesis of podophyllotoxin, which have demonstrated remarkable potential in cancer treatment. Baeyer‐Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs)‐mediated asymmetric oxidation is a green approach to produce chiral lactones. While several BVMOs were able to oxidize the corresponding cyclobutanone, most BVMOs gave the (S) enantiomer while Cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) from Brevibacterium sp. HCU1 gave (R) enantiomer, but with a low enantioselectivity (75 % ee). In this study, we use a strategy called “focused rational iterative site‐specific mutagenesis” (FRISM) at residues ranging from 6 Å from substrate. The mutations by using a restricted set of rationally chosen amino acids allow the formation of a small mutant library. By generating and screening less than 60 variants, we achieved a high ee of 96.8 %. Coupled with the cofactor regeneration system, 9.3 mM substrate was converted completely in a 100‐mL scale reaction. Therefore, our work reveals a promising synthetic method for (R)‐β‐piperonyl‐γ‐butyrolactone with the highest enantioselectivity, and provides a new opportunity for the chem‐enzymatic synthesis of podophyllotoxin.
A novel combination of mutations leading to congenital ichthyosis and ichthyosis vulgaris
Authors: Shearer Zackary , White Gwenevere , Steed John Zachary , Brown Carla , Venable Tara , Baber Megan 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageCoexistence of TGM1 and FLG mutations in a newborn with congenital ichthyosis is not well described in the literature. Early genetic testing and counseling are crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Further exploration of associated problems, including hearing loss and developmental delay, is warranted in patients with these mutations.
Are artificial intelligence large language models a reliable tool for difficult differential diagnosis? An a posteriori analysis of a peculiar case of necrotizing otitis externa
Authors: Pugliese Giorgia , Maccari Alberto , Felisati Elena , Felisati Giovanni , Giudici Leonardo , Rapolla Chiara , Pisani Antonia , Saibene Alberto Maria 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageLarge language models have made artificial intelligence readily available to the general public and potentially have a role in healthcare; however, their use in difficult differential diagnosis is still limited, as demonstrated by a case of necrotizing otitis externa.AbstractThis case report presents a peculiar case of necrotizing otitis externa (NOE) with skull base involvement which proved diagnostically challenging. The initial patient presentation and the imaging performed on the 78‐year‐old patient suggested a neoplastic rhinopharyngeal lesion and only after several unsuccessful biopsies the patient was transferred to our unit. Upon re‐evaluation of the clinical picture, a clinical hypothesis of NOE with skull base erosion was made and confirmed by identifying Pseudomonas aeruginosa in biopsy specimens of skull base bone and external auditory canal skin. Upon diagnosis confirmation, the patient was treated with culture‐oriented long‐term antibiotics with complete resolution of the disease. Given the complex clinical presentation, we chose to submit a posteriori this NOE case to two large language models (LLM) to test their ability to handle difficult differential diagnoses. LLMs are easily approachable artificial intelligence tools that enable human‐like interaction with the user relying upon large information databases for analyzing queries. The LLMs of choice were ChatGPT‐3 and ChatGPT‐4 and they were requested to analyze the case being provided with only objective clinical and imaging data.
Twists and turns: A case report of cecal volvulus
Authors: Sapkota Aashish , Batajoo Aashna , Lamichhane Samit , Shrestha Alok , Bhatt Nidhi 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe present a case of a 22‐year‐old male presenting in the emergency room with colicky abdominal pain, vomiting, and abdominal distension for which an early computed tomography scan was done and diagnosed as cecal volvulus. Following diagnosis case was managed promptly by laparotomy with right hemicolectomy and primary anastomosis.
Influence of Particles on the Roller Discharge of Thin‐Film Filtration without Gas Throughput
Authors: Bächle Volker , Gleiß Marco , Nirschl Hermann 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIf fine and compressible particle systems need to be separated, the ground layer compaction caused by the compacting of the filter cake leads to high flow resistances. Thin‐film filtration is a suitable method to avoid the limiting effect of the filter cakes. Gas‐impermeable filter membranes prevent shrinkage cracking, which can occur during demoisturing of the filter cakes. Titanium dioxide and baker's yeast are used as model particle systems, which are present in different concentrations and are filtered with track‐etched membranes in different particle‐to‐pore size ratios. The parameters determined during the investigation are the residual moisture, the specific solid mass, and the completeness of the discharge. Filtration causes progressive blocking of the membrane pores, resulting in filter medium resistances that are increased by up to a factor of 175. Metabolism of yeast can cause bubbles to accumulate on the membrane and decreasing the free filter area. Without regeneration the specific solid mass flow rate is reduced by 61 % for titanium dioxide and by 13 % for yeast under ideal conditions of this experimental study.
Ruthenium and Iron Co‐doped Molybdenum Carbide as a Stable Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalyst in Harsh Electrolyte
Authors: Fu Xiao Peng , Sun Kai Zhi , Li Xiaoxia , Guan Xu Hao , Mao Fang Xin , Yang Hua Gui , Liu Peng Fei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting is one of the most commercially valuable pathways of hydrogen production especially combined with renewable electricity; however, efficient and durable electrocatalysts are urgently needed to reduce electric energy consumption. Here, we reported a Ru and Fe co‐doped Mo2C on nitrogen doped carbon via a controllable two‐step method, which can be used for efficient and enduring hydrogen evolution reaction. At 10, 100 and 200 mA cm−2 in acidic electrolyte, the resultant Ru‐Fe/Mo2C@NC delivered low overpotentials of 31, 78 and 103 mV, respectively, which are comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C (20 wt %). At an applied current density of 100 mA cm−2, stable hydrogen production was conducted for 120 h without obvious degradation. In alkaline media, Ru‐Fe/Mo2C@NC can also deliver a current density of 100 mA cm−2 for more than 100 h. Furthermore, the Ru‐Fe/Mo2C@NC electrocatalyst was used as cathode in an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer under industrial environments for robust hydrogen production. The characterization and electrochemical results prove the synergism effects between Ru, Fe dopants and Mo2C for promoting hydrogen evolution activity. This work would pave a new avenue to fabricate low‐cost, high‐performance hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts for industrial water electrolyzers.
Modellierung und Simulation der templatgestützten Synthese von porösen Kohlenstoffgerüsten mittels COMSOL Multiphysics
Authors: Plattfaut Julia , Suckow Mathias , Klepel Olaf , Erlitz Marcel , Arellano-Garcia Harvey 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMithilfe einer templatgestützten Synthese wurden poröse Kohlenstoffgerüste unter Verwendung von Silicagel als Templat hergestellt. Die chemische Gasphaseninfiltration (CVI) wurde hierbei als Synthese verwendet. Unter Variation verschiedener Reaktionsparameter zur Optimierung der Kohlenstoffabscheidung wurde dieser Prozess mathematisch modelliert and simuliert. Dabei konnten die experimentellen Ergebnisse gut mit den Modellen nachgebildet werden. Die zusätzliche Beschreibung der laminaren Strömung verbessert die Übereinstimmung deutlich.
Alkalische Aktivierung und Reaktivierung von Sekundärrohstoffen der Bau‐ und Abbruchindustrie
Authors: Kugler Felix , Krcmar Wolfgang , Teipel Ulrich 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDie vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Herstellung von Geopolymeren aus Ziegelmehl und Mischbauschutt mithilfe einer alkalischen Aktivator‐Lösung. Die Studie hat zum Ziel, zu untersuchen, ob sich diese Geopolymere mehrfach reaktivieren lassen, ohne neues Ausgangsmaterial hinzufügen zu müssen, und wie sich die Anzahl der Reaktivierungen auf die Struktur und die werkstofftechnischen Eigenschaften auswirkt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Geopolymere aus einer Mischung aus Ziegelmehl und Mischbauschutt hergestellt werden können und sich bis zu drei Mal aufmahlen und reaktivieren lassen.
Thin‐Film Composite Membranes for Organic Solvent Nanofiltration
Authors: Du Meiling , Chen Li , Yang Hao , Zeng Xinjuan , Tan Yunfei , Dong Lichun , Zhou Cailong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrganic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) is an emerging separation technology. Significant efforts have been dedicated to designing and fabricating thin film composite (TFC) membranes for OSN in recent years. The development and utilization of TFC membranes in OSN are paramount in ensuring the permeability of organic solvent and rejection of solute. Additionally, researchers have delved into optimizing preprocessing and post‐treatment procedures during preparation. The preparation process has emerged as another avenue for improving the separation performance of TFC membranes. Simultaneously, various supports have been explored to enhance the TFC membranes′ performance, including polymer substrates and inorganic substrates, as well as the interlayers between the substrate and the TFC membrane, each with unique advantages and disadvantages, and the choices of support depend on the specific requirements of the intended application. The limitations of conventional membranes could be overcome and thus achieve superior performance via an improved preparation strategy of the TFC membranes. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the preparation process for TFC membranes, including a detailed discussion of the preparation methods, the optimizing processes, and the substrates.
Aza‐Michael Addition in Explicit Solvent: A Relative Energy Gradient–Interacting Quantum Atoms Study
Authors: Cador Aël , Tognetti Vincent , Joubert Laurent , Popelier Paul L. A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAza‐Michael additions are key reactions in organic synthesis. We investigate, from a theoretical and computational point of view, several examples ranging from weak to strong electrophiles in dimethylsulfoxide treated as explicit solvent. We use the REG‐IQA method, which is a quantum topological energy decomposition (Interacting Quantum Atoms, IQA) coupled to a chemical‐interpretation calculator (Relative Energy Gradient, REG). We focus on the rate‐limiting addition step in order to unravel the different events taking place in this step, and understand the influence of solvent on the reaction, with an eye on predicting the Mayr electrophilicity. For the first time, a link is established between an REG‐IQA analysis and experimental values.
Facile Fabrication of Dual‐Activatable Gastrointestinal‐Based Nanocarriers for Safe Delivery and Controlled Release of Methotrexate
Authors: Chen Shuai , Nie Zheng‐Quan , Zhu Fang‐Dao , Yang Cui‐Ting , Yang Jian‐Mei , He Jun‐Nan , Liu Xiao‐Qing , Zhang Jin , Zhao Yan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractColon cancer is emerging as one of the most common cancers worldwide, ranking in the top three in morbidity and mortality. Oral methotrexate (MTX) has been employed as a first‐line treatment for various cancers, such as colon, breast, and lung cancer. However, the complexity and particularity of the gastrointestinal microenvironment and the limitations of MTX itself, including severe adverse effects and instability, are the main obstacles to the safe delivery of MTX to colon tumor sites. Herein, an innovative oral administrated anticancer therapeutic MTX@Am7CD/SDS NPs equipped with both pH and temperature sensitivity, which could effectively prevent MTX@Am7CD/SDS NPs from being degraded in the acidic environment mimicking the stomach and small intestine, thus harboring the potential to accumulate at the site of colon lesions and further release intestinal drug under mild conditions. In cellular assays, compared with free MTX, MTX@Am7CD/SDS NPs showed a favorable tumor inhibition effect on three tumor cell lines, as well as excellent cell uptake and apoptosis‐inducing effect on SW480 cells. Therefore, this work provides a feasible solution for the safe use of MTX in the treatment of colon cancer and even other intestinal diseases.
A Calcination‐Free Sol‐Gel Method to Prepare TiO2‐Based Hybrid Semiconductors for Enhanced Visible Light‐Driven Hydrogen Production
Authors: Yang Kang , Wei Dan , Jia Chunman , Li Jianwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInvited for this month's cover are the collaborating groups of Dr. Jianwei Li at the University of Turku and Prof. Chunman Jia, Kang Yang and Dan Wei at Hainan University. The cover image compares the structure of calcined (left) and non‐calcined (right) rutile TiO2 doped with a molecule NA. The calcination process enlarges the pores in TiO2, reducing its surface area and hydrogen production efficiency under visible light. The “sad face” symbolizes the damaged pore structure. Conversely, doping TiO2 with NA without high‐temperature calcination forms a covalent bond, resulting in smaller pores, larger surface area, and improved hydrogen production efficiency. The “smiley face” represents the structurally intact TiO2 hybrid material. More information can be found in the Research Article by Jianwei Li, Chunman Jia, and co‐workers.
Riding the waves or fighting the tides? Female leaders' CSR engagement
Authors: Deng Xin , Rao Kathyayini Kathy , Qian Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study examines how organizational factors interact with individual factors in influencing female leaders' intentions to engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) through the lens of planned behavior. Through in‐depth interviews with 20 female corporate leaders from Australia and China, seven themes emerged as factors shaping their CSR engagement. We examined those factors using the theory of planned behavior (TBP) conceptual framework, and found that organizational factors, especially corporate culture and peer influence, dominated female leaders' intentions to engage in CSR. Power interacts with culture and affects female leaders in two countries in different manners: in China, the distance to top corporate power determines female leaders' intentions toward and the way they engage in CSR, while lack of critical mass is often cited by their Australian counterparts as the main factor deterring their CSR engagement. This study demonstrates how organizational factors shape leaders' CSR decisions, reveals the nuances behind the gender–CSR link, and posits for different remedies to unleash the power of female leaders in different cultures.
Preservation of genetic diversity in a highly fragmented population of the gray‐sided vole Myodes rufocanus in an intensive farming region
Authors: Ishibashi Yasuyuki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIndividual dispersal plays an important role in preserving genetic diversity in density‐fluctuating populations of arvicoline rodents. When habitats are fragmented and dispersal between habitats is severely constrained, genetic diversity can be lost. Here, I investigated whether genetic diversity in the gray‐sided vole Myodes rufocanus was preserved in an intensive farming region in Japan, where voles inhabited isolated windbreak forests along the borders of plowed lands. Genetic structure was examined in 673 vole samples (330 in spring and 343 in fall) collected at 34 windbreak forests located 0.35–20 km apart. A part of the control region (425 bp) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was sequenced in 673 voles, yielding 76 haplotypes. Genetic differentiation of maternally inherited mtDNA among trapping sites was markedly lower in males than in females in both seasons, indicating strong male‐biased dispersal. Genotypes at six microsatellite DNA loci were determined in 494 voles (245 in spring and 249 in fall) from 18 trapping sites, and loci harbored 16–24 alleles. The mean number of alleles per locus (allelic diversity) at trapping sites was positively correlated with the number of examined individuals (density) in both seasons, and the relationship was very similar to that of a previous study performed in much less fragmented populations. The genetic differentiation of microsatellite DNA among trapping sites decreased considerably from spring to fall. In a STRUCTURE analysis with a most probable cluster number of two, closer trapping sites showed more similar mean values of cluster admixture proportions. The present findings indicate that gene flow among isolated windbreak forests, which occurred mainly by dispersal of males, was not restrained in this intensive farming region. Furthermore, the results suggest that genetic diversity in the study population was preserved as well as in less fragmented populations.
A Strategy for Improving the Efficiency of Boronic Acid Catalysis in the Synthesis of Amides
Authors: Almetwali Fatima , Rouden Jacques , Blanchet Jérôme 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study outlines the development of novel boronic acids as catalysts for the direct synthesis of amides from carboxylic acids and amines. The Lewis acidity of the boronic acids was estimated by means of computational techniques, and the observed increase in catalytic activity was corroborated by kinetic data derived from a model reaction. Our investigations led to the discovery of a set of ortho‐(sulfonyloxy)benzeneboronic acids that compared favorably with the established state‐of‐the‐art. These newly developed catalysts demonstrated efficacy in the coupling of aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic acids, as well as primary and secondary amines.
Sulfur‐Centered Radicals in Visible Light Isocyanide Photochemistry
Authors: Russo Camilla , Brunelli Francesca , Tron Gian Cesare , Giustiniano Mariateresa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSulfur‐centered radicals have a key role in a plethora of synthetic organic transformations, whose scope has been further expanded thanks to the possibility to generate such species under visible light photocatalytic conditions. This review focuses on those transformations involving isocyanides and sulfur‐centered radicals with the aim to highlight the chemical space accessible, both in terms of complexity and diversity, and the mechanistic rational underpinning the current and future development of such chemical methodologies.