bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cefiderocol bei AML-Patientin mit neutropenischem Infekt durch 4MRGN Klebsiella pneumoniae (VIM-1)
Authors: Urmann Emanuel , Stamm Paul , Wisskirchen Jonas 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese Die Vorstellung der 68-jährigen Patientin erfolgte bei hohem Fieber, allgemeinem Unwohlseisn und körperlicher Schwäche in der Neutropenie bei Rezidiv einer akuten myeloischen Leukämie nach allogener Stammzelltransplantation.
Verlauf/Diagnose Aufgrund der bestehenden Immundefizienz wurde eine kalkulierte antibiotische Therapie mit Piperacillin/Tazobactam begonnen. Bei positivem 4MRGN-Screening wurde diese kalkuliert auf Colistin und Ceftazidim/Avibactam umgestellt. Diagnostiziert wurde ein Zungenulkus mit Abszessbildung und phlegmonöser Weichteilreaktion. In mehreren mikrobiologischen Proben, inklusive einer Blutkultur, gelang der Nachweis eines Klebsiella-pneumoniae-Komplexes – 4MRGN mit molekularbiologischem Nachweis einer Metallo-Beta-Laktamase vom Typ VIM-1 (Verona-Integron-Metallo-Beta-Laktamase-1). Ein dauerhafter Rückgang der klinischen und laborchemischen Infektparameter konnte erst nach antibiogrammgerechter Umstellung der Therapie auf das kürzlich zugelassene Siderophor-Cephalosporin Cefiderocol erreicht werden. Zur Fokus-Sanierung erfolgte eine Abszessspaltung. Nach insgesamt 18 Tagen konnte die antibiotische Therapie erfolgreich beendet werden. Zwei Tage später wurde die Patientin in stabilem Allgemeinzustand in ihr häusliches Umfeld entlassen.
Folgerung Vierfach multiresistente gramnegative Bakterien (4MRGN) sind aufgrund ihrer Resistenz gegenüber 4 bakterizid wirkenden Hauptantibiotikagruppen (Acylureidopenicilline, Cephalosporine der 3. Generation, Carbapeneme, Fluorchinolone) nur schwer therapierbar. Der vorliegende Fall zeigt für Cefiderocol eine gute klinische Wirksamkeit – auch bei Erregern, die gegen Antibiotika wie Colistin und Ceftazidim/Avibactam resistent sind und er verdeutlicht, wie wichtig eine antibiogrammgerechte Therapie ist.
Loiasis – Eine extrem vernachlässigte Tropenerkrankung
Authors: Davi Saskia Dede , Ramharter Michael , Nordmann Tamara 
Published: February 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGRund 10–15 Mio. Menschen in Zentral- und Westafrika sind mit der Filarie Loa loa infiziert. Obwohl die assoziierte Krankheitslast vergleichbar mit wichtigen Tropenkrankheiten wie der Schistosomiasis ist, gilt die Loaisis bisher als extrem vernachlässigte Tropenerkrankung. Parasitologisch wird differenziert zwischen der mikrofilariämen Loiasis, bei der die Mikrofilarien mittels Mikroskopie im Blutausstrich nachgewiesen werden, und der okkulten Loiasis, die nur bei entsprechender Exposition durch typische Symptome diagnostiziert werden kann. Pathognomonische Symptome sind die Wanderung des adulten Wurms in der Konjunktiva („afrikanischer Augenwurm“) sowie die transiente Calabar-Schwellung. Die Therapie der Loaisis stellt vor allem in Endemiegebieten oft eine große Herausforderung dar. Potenziell schwere Nebenwirkungen der verfügbaren Medikamente sowie das hohe Risiko einer Reinfektion führen meist dazu, dass L. loa-Patient*innen in den Endemiegebieten keine Therapie erhalten.
Spontanes Pneumomediastinum (Hamman-Syndrom) mit Pneumorrhachis als seltene Ursache für akuten Thoraxschmerz bei einem jungen Patienten mit akut exazerbiertem Asthma bronchiale
Authors: Früh Jonas , Abbas Jasmin , Cheufou Danjouma , Baron Stefan , Held Matthias 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Pneumomediastinum, definiert als Luft im mediastinalen Interstitium, ist eine seltene Ursache des akuten Thoraxschmerzes. Die Erkrankung kann sowohl sekundär als Folge von Traumata oder medizinischen Interventionen als auch spontan auftreten. Die spontan auftretende Variante (Hamman-Syndrom) hat i.d.R. auch ohne Intervention eine gute Prognose, zugrundeliegende Ursachen wie gastrointestinale Perforationen müssen jedoch ausgeschlossen werden. Diagnostisch ist neben einer konventionellen Röntgenaufnahme des Thorax eine Computertomografie oft hilfreich. Häufig tritt begleitend ein Weichteilemphysem auf, epidurale Luft im Spinalkanal wird Pneumorrhachis genannt und stellt eine seltene, jedoch ebenfalls häufig benigne Komplikation dar. Wir berichten von einem jungen Mann mit Hamman-Syndrom und Pneumorrhachis im Rahmen einer Asthma-Exazerbation, welcher trotz ausgeprägter Beschwerden rein konservativ behandelt werden konnte.
Preparation of New Chiral Building Blocks by a Mukaiyama–Michael Reaction of 2-(Phenylsulfonyl)cyclopent-2-en-1-one
Authors: Nakada Masahisa , Sugiyama Ryoji 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA highly enantio- and diastereoselective Mukaiyama–­Michael reaction of 2-(phenylsulfonyl)cyclopent-2-en-1-one by using an enol silane of tert-butyl thiopropionate is described. The product was formed in 87% yield with a dr of 27:1 and 91% ee under stoichiometric conditions, whereas the yield, dr, and ee were 89%, 49:1, and 88% ee, respectively, under catalytic conditions. A highly stereoselective epimerization of the product of the Mukaiyama–Michael reaction which proceeds in 77% yield with a dr of 22:1 is also described. Because both enantiomers of the ligand for this Mukaiyama–Michael reaction are available, a method for the synthesis of all four stereoisomers of the product as useful chiral building blocks has been established.
Fully Substituted Dihydropyrimidines, Pentasubstituted 2-Aryldihydropyrimidines Synthesized by Palladium-Catalyzed/Copper-Mediated Cross-Coupling Reaction
Authors: Nishimura Yoshio , Kubo Takanori , Shibuya Nanami , Cho Hidetsura 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDihydropyrimidines (DPs) show a wide range of biological activities suitable for medicinal applications. Among DP derivatives, 2-aryl-DPs have been reported to display remarkable pharmacological properties. In this work, a method of synthesizing hitherto unavailable fully substituted pentasubstituted 2-aryl-DPs as tautomeric mixture is described using a Pd(PPh3)4-catalyzed/CuBr-mediated 2-arylation reaction. The reaction using aryltributylstannanes with various substituents such as MeO, Me, Ph, CF3, CO2Me, and NO2 groups efficiently afforded the corresponding 2-aryl-DPs in high yields. Heteroaryltributylstannanes having 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, or 2-pyridinyl groups were also suitable for the reaction. Regarding the substituents at the 4-, 5-, and 6-positions of DPs, the reactions of DPs bearing substituents such as Me, n-C3H7, n-C5H11, -(CH2)5-, phenyl, and fluorenylidene groups proceeded smoothly to give the desired products. The synthetic method was also applied to a 2-thioxo-DP to give the 2-aryl-DP. Therefore, the reaction will help expand DP-based molecular diversity, which may impact biological and pharmacological studies.
Organophotoredox-Catalyzed Oxidative C(sp2)–H Alkylation of N-Heteroarenes with Dihydroquinazolinones by C–C Cleavage
Authors: Vijayan Sariga Mangalamundackal , Nair Anagha Veluthanath , Ojha Shubham , Sahoo Basudev , Mondal Pinku Prasad , Pal Amit , Das Subham 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe report a visible-light-mediated, organophotoredox-catalyzed, C(sp2)–H alkylation of N-heteroarenes with dihydroquinazolines, prepared from aliphatic ketones, under oxidative conditions. This protocol represents a metal-free approach to the effective construction of C–C bonds through a Minisci-type reaction, formally activating the native C–H bond of the N-heteroarene and an α-C–C bond of a readily available ketone. The mild nature of this method accommodates a wide variety of N-heteroarenes and ketones, tolerating a wide range of functional groups.
Risk Prediction Models for Long-Term Survival after Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Argus Leah , Taylor Marcus , Ouzounian Maral , Venkateswaran Rajamiyer , Grant Stuart W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background The reporting of alternative postoperative measures of quality after cardiac surgery is becoming increasingly important as in-hospital mortality rates continue to decline. This study aims to systematically review and assess risk models designed to predict long-term outcomes after cardiac surgery.
Methods The MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched for articles published between 1990 and 2020. Studies developing or validating risk prediction models for long-term outcomes after cardiac surgery were included. Data were extracted using checklists for critical appraisal and systematic review of prediction modeling studies.
Results Eleven studies were identified for inclusion in the review, of which nine studies described the development of long-term risk prediction models after cardiac surgery and two were external validation studies. A total of 70 predictors were included across the nine models. The most frequently used predictors were age (n = 9), peripheral vascular disease (n = 8), renal disease (n = 8), and pulmonary disease (n = 8). Despite all models demonstrating acceptable performance on internal validation, only two models underwent external validation, both of which performed poorly.
Conclusion Nine risk prediction models predicting long-term mortality after cardiac surgery have been identified in this review. Statistical issues with model development, limited inclusion of outcomes beyond 5 years of follow-up, and a lack of external validation studies means that none of the models identified can be recommended for use in contemporary cardiac surgery. Further work is needed either to successfully externally validate existing models or to develop new models. Newly developed models should aim to use standardized long-term specific reproducible outcome measures.
Design and performance of a double-solenoid magnetic bottle photoelectron spectrometer for attosecond metrology
Authors: Kumar M. , Singhal H. , Ansari A. , Chakera J. A. 
Published: February 2023

The design and performance of an in-house developed double-solenoid magnetic bottle (MB) time-of-flight photoelectron spectrograph are presented. A combination of a strong permanent magnet (Sm2Co17) with a soft iron cone and a double-solenoid geometry is used to generate MB configuration. The first solenoid (length ∼150 mm) is placed inside the vacuum, and the second solenoid (length ∼1 m) is placed outside the vacuum. The double-solenoid geometry improves the effective conductance and reduces overall material outgassing. Due to this, an ultra-high vacuum (∼5 × 10−8 mbar) desirable for the working of the spectrograph was achieved using a small capacity (300 lps) turbo-molecular pump. An optimization of solenoid current generates a smooth magnetic field variation in MB, which keeps the adiabaticity parameter ∼0.6 at ∼25 eV photoelectron energy. The double-solenoid geometry also provides high collection efficiency as well as high energy resolution of the spectrograph. The experimentally measured energy resolution (ΔE) of the spectrograph is better than ∼60 meV at ∼15 eV photoelectron energy. The collection efficiency is estimated to be ∼25% under optimum conditions as compared with ∼10−4 in field-free configuration. The calibrated MB spectrograph is used for the characterization of the attosecond pulse train using a cross-correlation “RABBITT” technique. The attosecond pulse train is generated from 15th to 25th odd high-harmonic orders, in argon filled cell. Attosecond pulses of average duration ∼260 as (FWHM) have been measured. The proposed MB electron spectrograph design provides a compact experimental setup for attosecond metrology and pump-probe studies with a relaxed requirement on vacuum pump capacity.
Development of gold-coated magnetic nanoparticles as a theranostic agent for magnetic hyperthermia and CT imaging applications
Authors: Tonthat Loi , Kimura Mone , Ogawa Tomoyuki , Kitamura Narufumi , Kobayashi Yoshio , Gonda Kohsuke , Yabukami Shin 
Published: February 2023

In this study, we aim to develop gold-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Au NPs) as theranostic agents for magnetic hyperthermia and CT imaging applications. The Fe3O4 NPs were synthesized via thermal decomposition method, and the gold was then deposited onto the surface of Fe3O4 NPs by reducing gold acetate at 190 °C. The average sizes of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@Au NPs were 5.2 nm and 6.1 nm, respectively, which are effectively removed by the kidneys. The magnetization of Fe3O4@Au NPs (9.7 emu/g-Fe3O4) at 300 K was much smaller than that of Fe3O4 NPs (52.4 emu/g-Fe3O4). The heating efficiency of Fe3O4@Au NPs in water was sufficient to treat the tumor at 43–45 °C, and their high CT value of 851 HU was obtained. The synthesized ultrasmall Fe3O4@Au NPs showed great promise as a potential theranostic agent for magnetic hyperthermia and CT imaging applications.
Indigenous interpreters on trial in the Spanish Empire
Authors: Cunill Caroline 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In 1610, the Maya interpreter don Hernando Uz was accused of encouraging a rebellion against don Pedro Xiu, the Indigenous governor of Tekax, in Yucatán, New Spain. Building on the analysis of the trial, the chapter aims at distinguishing three categories of interpreters who provided services of cultural and linguistic mediation in the justice system of the Spanish empire: the General Interpreters officially appointed at the royal courts in the Americas, the Spanish governors’ personal interpreters, and the interpreters who sought informally to meet the Indigenous people’s needs for justice. I will show how thin the line between linguistic mediation and legal advice was, and how the concepts of trust and mistrust applied to the interpreters shaped the space where those professionals were required to act at court and, more broadly, in the vice-royal society.
Who is an interpreter?
Authors: Grbić Nadja 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Although so-called ‘non-professionals’ are no longer instrumentalised in research solely in order to compare and contrast them with ‘professionals’, this does little to change the lasting perception of two clearly demarcated categories. Such a differentiation may be meaningful in some contexts, but it often over-simplifies and certainly perpetuates a hierarchical order. In my contribution, I will present an alternative, flexible typology in the form of a map that tries to take into account the multifaceted variety of interpreting and translation phenomena that we encounter in social practice. This typology is based on the empirical insight that a binary differentiation between ‘professional’ and ‘non-professional’ translation or interpreting is not always sufficient to capture adequately the complexity of empirical practice.
Interpreting in a project network
Authors: Kadric Mira , Iacono Katia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This contribution analyses the action space of an interpreter in a project network consisting of five professionals, who travelled to Catania/Sicily on behalf of an Austrian broadcaster to interview different police and judicial authorities for a series of documentaries about white-collar crime in various European countries. The analysis was conducted with multiple methods – observation, ethnographic analysis of the interpreted communication and a retrospective interview with the interpreter – as discussed in Pöchhacker (2011a: 21). It shows different interdependences in the project network, which evolve within the structure of the project and continuously influence the strategies adopted by all the participants, including the interpreter, as their input and output are closely interconnected.
‘The times they are a-changin’
Authors: Andres Dörte 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Today’s interpreter training methods have largely been developed towards the end of the 20th century, and we must ask ourselves whether they still meet the requirements of today’s markets and how we can constantly adapt our training to meet new challenges and circumstances. To this end, the intensive linkage of research, training and practice is of fundamental importance in order to guarantee the type of professional training which enables students to learn the specific competencies required for professional practice. This paper first discusses competencies in general before turning to interpreting competencies in particular. It then focusses on one example, the competency of preparation, which might become ever more important in the future and thus warrants more attention in interpreter training.
The scientific starting point is the general competency model of Kouwenhoven (2009). It serves as the basis for the Interpreting Studies view of preparation competency which will be examined from the perspective of situational intelligence (Jonnaert et al. 2007: 196). Although preparation is a topic of discussion in Interpreting Studies publications, it is argued here that it needs to be more intensively integrated into regular conference interpreter training courses than has been the case in the past. After all, it plays an essential role in situational intelligence, which constitutes an important factor in competency-based interpreter training. Using two special training formats, the “Freitagskonferenz” at the Department of Translation, Language and Cultural Studies in Germersheim, and “SIMinar” at the Center for Translation Studies in Vienna, which was introduced there by Franz Pöchhacker, it will be shown how useful these special training formats are in terms of improving this important competency and how significant they are in promoting situational intelligence and thereby facilitating the shift from routine expertise to adaptive expertise, which in our changing times has become more necessary than ever before.
The scaffolded language emergence approach in translation programs
Authors: Kiraly Donald C. , Gómez Hernández Norman 
Published: February 2023

This chapter introduces the epistemological foundations of the Scaffolded Language Emergence (SLE) approach to promoting the emergence of additional languages in adults and suggests some ideas and techniques for its implementation in the classroom at university level. Developed over a period of some 20 years by Don Kiraly at the School of Translation, Linguistics and Cultural Studies (FTSK) of the University of Mainz, Germany, the SLE approach has been used successfully to introduce hundreds of translation students at that institution to one or more of 15 additional languages.
The authors have found this approach to be an innovative way to foster additional language acquisition in the context of translator training. They believe that adopting such an approach at an early stage of one’s translation study program can provide a fertile environment for adults to establish a basis in a foreign language. Its early adoption can also help adult language learners develop and rediscover their natural skills for learning a language by means of personalized, embodied and authentic learning activities.
A new look at ‘ne’ loss in the Spoken French of Tours
Authors: Ashby William J. , Fonseca-Greber Bonnie B. 
Published: February 2023

Although the standard French norm prescribes that negation is marked twice in the verb phrase (ne…pas), contemporary usage prefers to drop the first element (ne) in Spoken French.* In a 1981 article based on a corpus of Spoken French recorded in Tours in 1976, Ashby brought to light a significant co-variation/correlation between ne loss and speaker age: younger speakers dropped ne much more often than older speakers. This distribution seems to stem from a change in apparent time. However, as Labov (1994) notes, a linguistic feature that is more frequent in younger speakers does not necessarily indicate change in progress. One could assume that it could be due to age-grading, a phenomenon whereby speakers alter their linguistic behavior over the course of their lifetimes, while the grammar of the speech community remains stable and does not change. In order to distinguish between these two hypotheses (change in progress on the one hand, age grading on the other), this study compares distributions of the linguistic variable ne at two different points in time: the 1976 Tours corpus is paired with a new Tours corpus recorded in 1995. This comparison shows in real time that the loss of ne has accelerated – a finding which supports the change in progress hypothesis.
Connectivity of wh in bilingual Turkish
Authors: Herkenrath Annette , Karakoç Birsel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study tests a hypothesis regarding the connectivity of wh-constructions in spoken discourse data of Turkish-German bilingual children (the ENDFAS/SKOBI corpus), focusing on constructions involving one verbum dicendi: söyle‑ ‘say, tell, verbalise, utter’. It develops a corpus-pragmatic filtering method, based on typological parameters such as headedness and wh-fronting as well as spoken language phenomena related to syntactic and prosodic integration. These criteria are applied in a stepwise manner to identify a subset of findings with potential for grammatical innovation.
Assessment of surface integrity and hole quality in graphene-based NMQL Micro-drilling of ceramic-coated Nimonic 90 for gas turbine applications
Authors: Patil Pratik Ashokrao , Patil Sachin K , Sawant Mayur S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Nickel-based superalloys have superior strength properties at higher temperature ranges and thus have become increasingly important in manufacturing gas turbine components for aerospace industry. However, the desire for a larger thrust-weight ratio has raised the typical operating temperature in a gas turbine; thus, thermal barrier coatings are essential. The present work compares the micro-drilling performance of ceramic-coated Nimonic 90 nickel superalloy under dry, flood and 0.5% graphene-based NMQL conditions. The biodegradable acid oil was used as a base oil, and the assessment comprised surface integrity in terms of surface roughness inside the hole and micro-crack formation and hole quality based on the diametrical overcut and taper ratio. Spindle speed (1000, 2000 and 3000 rpm) and feed rate (3, 6, and 9 μm/rev) were changed in three levels, and Taguchi L9 array was applied for the design and analysis of the experiments. Ti-Al-N coated tungsten carbide drill of diameter 700 μm was used, and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that spindle speed was the utmost important parameter impacting surface roughness, while speed and feed rate both influenced overcut and taper ratio. 0.5% Graphene-based NMQL lubrication condition significantly diminished the surface roughness by 52.67%, overcut by 46.86% and the taper ratio by 48.87% as compared to dry condition. Furthermore, in the NMQL condition, micro-crack development and ceramic layer damage were minimized, resulting in better surface integrity. In addition, burr development was minimized at the hole periphery, and tool wandering was not seen in the NMQL condition. Hence the hole quality was superior in NMQL conditions as compared to the dry and flood lubrication.