bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6 upregulated by the choline‐deficient l‐amino acid‐defined diet prevents hepatocarcinogenesis in mice
Authors: Gnocchi Davide , Afonso Marta B. , Cavalluzzi Maria Maddalena , Lentini Giovanni , Ingravallo Giuseppe , Sabbà Carlo , Rodrigues Cecilia M. P. , Mazzocca Antonio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most worrying tumors worldwide today, and its epidemiology is on the rise. Traditional pharmacological approaches have shown unfavorable results and exhibited many side effects. Hence, there is a need for new efficacious molecules with fewer side effects and improvements on traditional approaches. We previously showed that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) supports hepatocarcinogenesis, and its effects are mainly mediated by LPA receptor 6 (LPAR6). We also reported that 9‐xanthylacetic acid (XAA) acts as an antagonist of LPAR6 to inhibit the growth of HCC. Here, we report that LPAR6 is involved in the choline‐deficient l‐amino acid‐defined (CDAA) diet‐induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. Our data demonstrate that CDAA diet‐induced metabolic imbalance stimulates LPAR6 expression in mice and that XAA counteracts diet‐induced effects on hepatic lipid accumulation, fibrosis, inflammation, and HCC development. These conclusions are corroborated by results on LPAR6 gain and loss‐of‐function in HCC cells.
Compact filtering magic‐T using a hybrid microstrip‐cavity structure
Authors: Fang Xin , Li Yuan Chun , Wu Di‐Si , Mou Jin‐Chao , Xue Quan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis letter introduces a filtering magic‐T based on a hybrid microstrip‐cavity structure. TE011 and TE101 modes of the cavity are generated by the two perpendicular input microstrip lines to form the filtering responses. Because of the orthogonality of the feeding lines and the two resonant modes, in‐ and out‐of‐phase output currents and high port isolations are achieved. The measured filtering responses of the two input ports are in good agreement with each other and possess high‐frequency selectivity. The isolations of the input and output ports are below 41 and 22 dB, respectively. Moreover, benefiting from the hybrid microstrip‐cavity structure, only two cavity resonators are employed, which realizes compact size.
A primer on contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging of post‐procedural and follow‐up imaging of islet cell transplant
Authors: Puskar Anessa , Saadah Bara , Rauf Asad , Kasperek Szymon R. , Umair Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

Abstractβ‐islet cell transplantation is a promising proposed treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) which can provide more physiological glucose control when compared to exogenous insulin therapy and reverse secondary consequences of diabetes. Unfortunately, β‐islet cell transplantation is not a permanent solution for patients with T1DM as 85–90% of β‐islet recipients return to exogenous insulin treatment within 5 years of the transplant. Despite its lack of success, β‐islet cell transplantation still has potential for the treatment of T1DM and significant work has been done to non‐invasively quantify β‐islet cell concentrations in transplantation to better understand the mechanism of β‐islet cell rejection. While several imaging modalities have been utilized, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains at the forefront of β‐islet cell imaging due to its high resolution and lack of radiation exposure to patients. Several MRI contrast agents have been explored for the imaging of β‐islet cells including superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCA), manganese (II), fluorine‐19, and theranostic agents, with SPIONs being the most extensively studied. In this review, we provide an overview of the history, recent progress, and challenges of MRI in islet transplantation with a focus on the molecular imaging agents used.
The effect of maternal empathy on infants’ attachment security: Moderation by maternal emotion regulation and infant temperament
Authors: Cheng Nanhua , Ruan Xingjian , Wu Zhijun , Yue Xiaodong , Wang Zhengyan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between maternal empathy and infants’ attachment security and tested the moderating effects of maternal emotion regulation and infant negative emotional temperament. Participants were sampled from 215 families whose infants were 6 months old (T1) and from 170 families of the same cohort whose infants were 14 months old (T2). At T1, mothers were measured for their empathy (empathic concern and perspective taking), emotion regulation (reappraisal and suppression), and infant negative emotional temperament (sadness, falling reactivity, fear, and distress to limitations). At T2, mothers were again measured for their emotion regulation, and infant attachment was measured using the Strange Situation Procedure. Maternal empathic concern (EC) and perspective taking (PT) were found to be positively related to infant attachment security, while maternal reappraisal and infant temperamental sadness moderated the relationship between maternal PT and infant attachment security. No significant moderation effects were found between maternal EC and infant attachment security. Simple slope results showed that for infants with higher maternal reappraisal or infant sadness, maternal PT could positively predict infant attachment security. These findings highlight the importance of how the individual characteristics of mothers and infants may interact with maternal empathy during the critical period of infant attachment formation.
High‐efficiency shape memory copolymers of polycaprolactone/thermoplastic polyurethane fabricated via in situ ring‐opening polymerization
Authors: Wu Fangjuan , Hu Jiahuan , Yang Shangda , Li Guifeng , Chen Haoxiang , Fang Hui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractShape memory blends of polycaprolactone/thermoplastic polyurethane (PCL/TPU) were prepared by in situ ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of ε‐caprolactone (CL) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Fourier infrared spectrometer and 1H‐NMR were used to characterize the chemical structure of PCL/TPU copolymers. The results show that TPU has been involved in the ROP of CL, leading to the formation of copolymers with homogeneous morphologies. Besides, pure PCL and all the blends exhibit an excellent shape fixation ratio of 100%, due to their high crystallinity. When a small amount of TPU is introduced, the crystallinity of PCL decreases, and as a result, the shape recovery ratio of the copolymer is enhanced compared with pure PCL. However, with the increased loading of TPU, the content of PCL as the reversible phase decreases and the storage modulus of the PCL/TPU blend declines, so the driving force for the blends to return from the temporary shape to the initial shape becomes smaller, leading to a decrease in the shape recovery ratio. Notably, when the amount of TPU is only 5%, the shape recovery ratio of the blend could reach 83.3%, which is 26% higher than that of pure PCL, and meanwhile, the tensile strength of the blend decreases slightly. This study provides a new strategy for the design of shape‐memory materials with high shape‐memory properties.
Factor structure of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) (15 items) in a collectivist society—Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Farhan , Iqbal Farah , Humayun Ghazal Khawaja 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite several theoretical, structural, and statistical issues reported against Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), most studies in the educational sector of Pakistan use it without analyzing its factor structure. Since culture might change the structure, this first systematic study filled the gap and explored the factor structure of the least researched FFMQ (15 items) among nonmeditator university students in collectivist society Pakistan while employing optimal statistical techniques. We interpreted our results culturally and also conducted a cross‐cultural examination with the Spanish sample. We employed polychoric data to conduct exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The EFA extracted a four‐factor (10 items) solution without the Describe facet and showed good inter‐item correlation. The CFA exhibited a theory‐based two‐factor hierarchical model (self‐regulation, orient to experience) with good fit indices, acceptable factor loadings, correct directions, and strong reliabilities (coefficient H > 0.8). The multivariate analysis showed no difference in mindfulness between males and females, except for Nonreact. The first multigroup CFA (MGCFA) showed metric invariance while examining the polarity of items across gender. In cross‐cultural multivariate analysis, we found no difference in mindfulness between Pakistan and Spanish samples, except for Nonjudge, but the second MGCFA showed metric invariance in the correlated model only. Our data suggest that the two‐factor hierarchical structure, without Describe facet, provides a more parsimonious and culturally accepted structure among nonmeditators in Pakistan. However, due to the independent nature of the two factors, the total score cannot be computed. The FFMQ (15 items) appears individualistic, and including culturally acceptable items will improve its universality.
Long‐term exercise and pulmonary function outcomes in a contemporary cohort of children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Miles Kimberley G. , Powell Adam W. , Critser Paul J. , Hardie William , O'Neil Meredith , Cash Michelle , Magness Melissa , Geers Elizabeth , Mays Wayne , Hirsch Russel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveCongenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) survivors are at risk for long‐term exercise impairment and pulmonary morbidity, but the generalizability of prior reported cohorts are limited by reduced disease severity and older surgical eras. We assessed the mid‐childhood exercise and pulmonary function outcomes in a contemporary cohort of CDH survivors.Study DesignIn this retrospective cohort study, we identified 36 consecutive pediatric CDH survivors who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and spirometry from 2014 to 2021. Inferential statistics compared survivors with age‐, sex‐, and size‐matched healthy controls; univariate analyses identified factors associated with abnormal testing.ResultsMaximal effort CPET and resting spirometry were completed by 27/36 (75%) and 31/36 (86%) subjects, respectively (median age: 8.1 years [interquartile range: 7.5, 10]; 16 females [44%]). Abnormal CPET (percent predicted [pp] peak VO2 < 80%) was more common in the CDH cohort (12 vs. 1, p < 0.001) and associated with longer neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay (p = 0.02) and oxygen therapy at discharge (p = 0.03). Exercise impairment was mild (pp peak VO2 70%–80%), moderate (60%–70%), and severe (<60%) in 6, 4, and 2 survivors, respectively. Abnormal spirometry was more common in the CDH cohort (21 vs. 3, p < 0.001; obstructive [n = 15], restrictive [n = 6]) and associated with decreased gestational age (p = 0.046), longer mechanical ventilation in the NICU (p = 0.02), and orthopedic abnormalities (p = 0.03).Conclusion(s)Exercise capacity was normal or mildly impaired in most CDH survivors, however, approximately two‐thirds demonstrated abnormal spirometry. Impaired exercise capacity and lung function were associated with severity of lung disease postnatally. These data support cardiopulmonary follow‐up throughout childhood.
Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of inhaled treprostinil in Japanese patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Kuwana Masataka , Abe Kohtaro , Kinoshita Hideyuki , Matsubara Hiromi , Minatsuki Shun , Murohara Toyoaki , Sakao Seiichiro , Shirai Yuichiro , Tahara Nobuhiro , Tsujino Ichizo , Takahashi Kenta , Kanda Shingo , Ogo Takeshi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTreprostinil is a chemically stable analog of prostacyclin, and inhaled treprostinil was developed to deliver the effects directly to the pulmonary vasculature while minimizing systemic side effects. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy on hemodynamics and exercise capacity, safety, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of inhaled treprostinil in Japanese patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Inhaled treprostinil was administered at three breaths (18 μg)/session four times daily, and the dose was gradually increased to a maximum of nine breaths (54 μg)/session. Endpoints included change in pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) as primary, other efficacy parameters, safety, and PK. Seventeen PAH patients, the majority of whom (76.5%) had been receiving both an endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) and a phosphodiesterase type‐5 (PDE5) inhibitor/soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator, received inhaled treprostinil. At Week 12, PVRI statistically decreased by −39.4 ± 25.5% (95% confidence interval: −52.6 to −26.3). The most frequently reported adverse events related to treprostinil were headache, cough, throat irritation, and hot flush. Regarding PK, there were no notable differences in the geometric mean Cmax and AUClast between Japanese and non‐Japanese patients. Treatment with inhaled treprostinil using the dosing regimen approved in the United States resulted in significant improvement in hemodynamics, exercise capacity, and symptoms with a favorable tolerability and safety profile in Japanese patients. Inhaled treprostinil could be a valuable therapeutic option for Japanese patients with PAH, including those receiving a combination therapy with an ERA and a PDE5 inhibitor/sGC stimulator. Trial registration: JAPIC Clinical Trials Information [JapicCTI‐194651].
By‐pass valves in hydropower plants: An ecologically important measure to mitigate stranding in rivers due to emergency turbine flow shutdown
Authors: Halleraker Jo Halvard , Natvik Eirik Vee , Vaskinn Kjetil , L'Abée‐Lund Jan Henning , Alfredsen Knut 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHydropeaking operations or accidental shutdown in hydropower (HP) plants lead to rapid reduction in river flows downstream HP outlets and cause severe stranding of biota. Stranding of fish in dewatered riverbeds is a major consequence of hydropeaking. To mitigate the direct negative impacts of accidental powerplant shutdown implementation of automated by‐pass valves (BPVs) is suggested as an efficient measure. Proper configuration and operation of the BPV is crucial. At present, more than 110 Norwegian HP plants have BPVs as a license requirement. We found that the function of the BPVs in small‐scale HP plants (HPPs <10 MW) were found to be inadequate. Re‐configuration to better mitigate the ecological impacts were required to minimize stranding risk for juvenile salmonids. The valves were found to come into operation too late, did not open automatically, or were found to reduce the flow too rapidly. Hence, the function of the valves did not meet best practice. This is alarming seen both from a governance perspective as well as from an ecological standpoint. Our second objective was to develop a generic cost‐efficient formula for BPVs configuration to dampen severe flow dewatering in case of HP fallout. Our configuration formula is adjustable to meet down‐ramping flow rules, and hence may helps to mitigate stranding of key species in rivers. For most of the large‐scale HPPs (>10 MW), the BPVs seems to operate as expected, namely to secure base‐flow until the HP turbine is re‐started and hence mitigate the most severe dewatering events. Potentially more than 650 HPPs in Norway, and hence several thousand of river km downstream HPP outlets may need well‐operated BPVs to mitigate accidental stranding of riverine biota worldwide.
Experimental and analytical study of the flexural behavior of basalt fiber‐reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Li Zhihua , Ma Chengfei , Guo Xuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this work, the theoretical model for predicting the flexural behavior of steel‐reinforced basalt fiber‐reinforced concrete (RBFRC) beams was developed and the results were experimentally validated. The experimental results presented two failure modes of the RBFRC beams including flexural failure and flexural‐shear failure. The load‐carrying capacity, deformation ability, and crack resistance of RBFRC beams failing in flexure can be significantly enhanced with the addition of chopped basalt fiber. To verify the theoretical model, the predicted results were compared with the experimental results of RBFRC beams, and the relative error between the two methods is very small. Based on the theoretical method, a parametric study was conducted to identify the influence of several crucial materials and structural parameters on the flexural behavior of RBFRC beams.
“There is no room for me, for a Hawaiian, in science”: Rightful presence in community science
Authors: Tofel‐Grehl Colby 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper shares the experiences, engagement, and struggle of one young Indigenous Hawaiian woman as she grapples with her sense of disconnect with STEM while serving as a land protector on the Mauna Kea, the home of the Thirty Meter Telescope being built over the objection of the local Indigenous community. I examine her changing perspectives and connections to STEM through her engagement during a summer school enrichment class focused on science and technology learning in service of community goals. Findings indicate that her sense of agency and autonomy were greatly improved by engaging in a space where science and technology were tools serving her goals of protecting the Mauna Kea from further development.
Numerical Investigation on Reduction of Power Consumption and Improvement of Success Rate for Consensus in Multi‐Agent Systems over a Wireless Network Considering the Number of Agents
Authors: Nakamura Yukinori , Matsuzaki Hisashi , Hirata Kentaro , Okano Kunihisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate power adjustment for multi‐agent systems in a wireless network where communication range is limited. The approach in which communication range is dynamically changed is utilized so as to save power consumption. However, since drawback of this approach is that agents cannot expand their communication range, it causes that communication between agents tends to be disconnected. To overcome this problem, we propose two power adjustment methods. In the first method, communication range is temporarily expanded in accordance with the number of neighboring agents. In the second method, agents change their communication range by using information on the total number of agents and relative distance between an agent and the farthest neighboring agent. Through numerical simulation, we show that the proposed power adjustment methods reduce power consumption and improve success rate for consensus. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Rejecting Transactional Family–School Partnerships and Enacting More Liberatory Family Literacy Work
Authors: McCarthy Foubert Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this column, I urge educators to reject transactional partnerships in their family literacy work. Drawing from my research centering Black parents' school engagement experiences, I examine two types of transactional partnerships: those that tether high‐quality education to educators' perceptions of parenting, and those that tether high‐quality education to parents' levels of advocacy. Ultimately, I consider four characteristics of educators enacting more liberatory family literacy work.
The continuum dark matter zoo
Authors: Csáki Csaba , Ismail Ameen , Lee Seung J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We generalize the recently proposed continuum dark matter model to the case where the dark matter consists of a spin-1/2 or spin-1 gapped continuum. We construct simple continuum analogs of weakly interacting massive particles annihilating through the Z portal. We discuss all existing experimental constraints, with the strongest bounds arising from indirect detection and limits on continuum decays from the cosmic microwave background. Our models are phenomenologically viable for gap scales of 60–200 GeV (spin-1/2) and 35–90 GeV (spin-1), owing to the strong kinematic suppression of direct detection bounds which is unique to continuum states. We comment on future prospects for detection and suggest directions for further continuum model building.
Zooming into CP violation in B(s) → hh decays
Authors: Fleischer Robert , Jaarsma Ruben , Vos K. Keri 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The LHCb collaboration has recently reported the first observation of CP violation in the penguin-dominated $$ {B}_s^0 $$

B
s
0

→ K−K+ decay and further new measurements, indicating differences between the direct CP asymmetries of both the $$ {B}_s^0 $$

B
s
0

→ K−K+, $$ {B}_d^0 $$

B
d
0

→ π−K+ and the $$ {B}_d^0 $$

B
d
0

→ π−π+, $$ {B}_s^0 $$

B
s
0

→ K−π+ modes. We show that these puzzling differences can be accommodated through sizeable penguin annihilation and exchange topologies in the Standard Model, and constrain them. Utilising the U-spin symmetry, we extract the angle γ of the unitarity triangle from the CP asymmetries in the $$ {B}_s^0 $$

B
s
0

→ K−K+, $$ {B}_d^0 $$

B
d
0

→ π−π+ system alone, finding $$ \gamma =\left({65}_{-7}^{+11}\right){}^{\circ} $$
γ
=

65

−
7

+
11

°
, in perfect agreement with the determination from tree-level B → DK decays. The $$ {B}_s^0-{\overline{B}}_s^0 $$

B
s
0

−

B
¯

s
0

mixing phase ϕs can be extracted from CP violation measurements in $$ {B}_s^0 $$

B
s
0

→ K−K+ in a clean way. We present a new strategy and extract ϕs = −(3.6 ± 5.4)°. This result is in agreement with the determination from $$ {B}_s^0 $$

B
s
0

→ J/ψϕ decays. New CP-violating contributions would influence these determinations differently. Hence it is interesting to keep monitoring both as the experimental picture sharpens.
Ecological effects of mosquito control with Bti: evidence for shifts in the trophic structure of soil- and ground-based food webs
Authors: McKie Brendan G. , Taylor Astrid , Nilsson Tobias , Frainer André , Goedkoop Willem 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe microbial control agentBacillus thuringiensisvar.israelensis(Bti) has been successfully used worldwide to reduce abundances of biting Nematocera (Diptera), often with little direct impact on non-target organisms observed. However, the potential for additional indirect effects on other ecosystem properties, including on trophic linkages within food webs, is poorly known. We investigated the effects of multiple-year mosquito control treatments using the Bti product VectoBac®-G on the stable isotope composition of epigeal and soil-based consumers inhabiting replicate floodplains along the River Dalälven, Sweden. We observed significant changes in the isotopic composition of detritivores feeding at the base of floodplain food webs. Enchytraeid worms were characterised by 3.5% higher δ13C values in treated floodplains, suggesting increased consumption of δ13C-enriched food. The overall range of community-wide δ15N values was 56% greater in the treated floodplains, whilst δ15N values of oribatid mites were elevated by 97%. These results suggest extra fractionation in the transfer of nitrogen through floodplain food chains. We conjecture that the ecological mechanisms driving these food web shifts are (1) the mass mortality of high δ13CA. sticticuslarvae, which leaves high concentrations of dead mosquito biomass deposited on soils at local scales, after the floodwaters have receded and (2) incorporation of the very high δ13C-enriched corn particles comprising the bulk of the VectoBac®-G product into floodplain food webs. Our results suggest that repeated applications of Bti might have wider, still largely unknown implications for nutrient and energy cycles within floodplain ecosystems.