bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Fast-Spiking Prefrontal Neurons on Working Memory Behavior
Authors: Chung Sophia , Mozumder Rana , Li Sihai , Constantinidis Christos 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTWorking memory is a limited-capacity system for maintaining and manipulating information for recall. Neurons that generate persistent activity in the primate dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex have been shown to be predictive of behavior in working memory tasks, though subtle differences between them have been observed in how information was represented, in some tasks. The role of different neuron types in each of these areas has not been investigated at depth. We thus compared the activity of neurons classified as fast-spiking, putative interneurons, and regular-spiking, putative pyramidal neurons, recorded from the prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex of male monkeys, to analyze their role in the maintenance of working memory. Our results demonstrate that fast-spiking neurons are active during a range of tasks and generate persistent activity during the delay period over which stimuli need to be maintained in memory. Furthermore, the activity of fast spiking neurons, particularly in the prefrontal cortex, is predictive of the subject’s recall no less than that of regular-spiking neurons, which are exclusively projection neurons in the cortex and thus capable of transmitting signals from the prefrontal cortex into other areas. Our results shed light onto the fundamental neural circuits that determine subjects’ memories and judgments.
HarnessingEGLN1Gene Editing to Amplify HIF-1α and Enhance Human Angiogenic Response
Authors: Shams Shahin , Stilhano Roberta S. , Silva Eduardo A. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTTherapeutic angiogenesis has been the focus of hundreds of clinical trials but approval for human treatment remains elusive. Current strategies often rely on the upregulation of a single proangiogenic factor, which fails to recapitulate the complex response needed in hypoxic tissues. Hypoxic oxygen tensions dramatically decrease the activity of hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), the primary oxygen sensing portion of the hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) proangiogenic master regulatory pathway. Repressing PHD2 activity increases intracellular levels of HIF-1α and impacts the expression of hundreds of downstream genes directly associated with angiogenesis, cell survival, and tissue homeostasis. This study explores activating the HIF-1α pathway throughSpCas9 knockout of the PHD2 encoding geneEGLN1as an innovativein situtherapeutic angiogenesis strategy for chronic vascular diseases. Our findings demonstrate that even low editing rates ofEGLN1lead to a strong proangiogenic response regarding proangiogenic gene transcription, protein production, and protein secretion. In addition, we show that secreted factors ofEGLN1edited cell cultures may enhance human endothelial cell neovascularization activity in the context of proliferation and motility. Altogether, this study reveals thatEGLN1gene editing shows promise as a potential therapeutic angiogenesis strategy.
Insights into the genomic features, lifestyle and therapeutic potential of B1 sub-cluster mycobacteriophages
Authors: Das Ritam , Arora Ritu , Nadar Kanika , Saroj Saroj , Singh Amit Kumar , Patil Shripad A , Raman Sunil Kumar , Misra Amit , Bajpai Urmi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundA large number (about 1200) of mycobacteriophages (phages) have been isolated onMycobacterium smegmatismc2155. Their genome analysis shows high sequence diversity; therefore, based on nucleotide sequence similarity and genomic architecture, the related phages have been grouped in clusters and sub-clusters. However, a deeper study of mycobacteriophages has been conducted only for a few clusters. This study explores the traits of phages belonging to the B1 sub-cluster. We have attempted to functionally annotate and experimentally characterize B1 phages to get an insight into their biology and explore their therapeutic potential.MethodsAnalysis of B1 sub-cluster phage genomes to understand their key characteristics & lifestyle and to determine the putative function of hypothetical proteins (HPs), we developed a framework with a specific set of computational tools available online. For the experimental characterization, mycobacteriophages were isolated from environmental samples and were examined for their morphology, lysogeny status, effect on biofilm and activity against drug-resistantM. smegmatis. The B1 sub-cluster phages were identified by PCR using the specific primers.ResultsWe have predicted the function of about 55% of the 77 representative proteins in B1 phages, which were previously deemed hypothetical. We studied ten B1 phages (Phages 1-10)which included their morphological characteristics, lysogeny status and antibiofilm activity. TEM analysis, showing an average head & tail size of 65 nm and 202.12 nm, respectively. The turbid morphology of several plaques suggested these phages to be temperate. To verify, we tested their potential to lysogenizeM. smegmatisand later found the spontaneous release from the putative lysogens. Interestingly, a putative RepA-like protein was identified in B1 phage genomes, indicating a possibility of extrachromosomal replication of prophages. Further, the impact ofPhages 1-10onM. smegmatisbiofilm was found to be potent; the highest inhibitory and disruptive effect of phages (at a fixed titre of 108pfu/ml) was 64% and 46%, respectively. Also, all ten phages could kill 4XR1 (the isoniazid-resistantM. smegmatisstrain).ConclusionWe believe this combination of experimental analysis and exploration of genomic features of mycobacteriophages belonging to a sub-cluster can provide deeper insights into mycobacteriophage biology and also help in understanding their therapeutic potential.
High-frequency CSI300 futures trading volume predicting through the neural network
Authors: Xu Xiaojie , Zhang Yun 
Published: May 2023

PurposeFor policymakers and participants of financial markets, predictions of trading volumes of financial indices are important issues. This study aims to address such a prediction problem based on the CSI300 nearby futures by using high-frequency data recorded each minute from the launch date of the futures to roughly two years after constituent stocks of the futures all becoming shortable, a time period witnessing significantly increased trading activities.Design/methodology/approachIn order to answer questions as follows, this study adopts the neural network for modeling the irregular trading volume series of the CSI300 nearby futures: are the research able to utilize the lags of the trading volume series to make predictions; if this is the case, how far can the predictions go and how accurate can the predictions be; can this research use predictive information from trading volumes of the CSI300 spot and first distant futures for improving prediction accuracy and what is the corresponding magnitude; how sophisticated is the model; and how robust are its predictions?FindingsThe results of this study show that a simple neural network model could be constructed with 10 hidden neurons to robustly predict the trading volume of the CSI300 nearby futures using 1–20 min ahead trading volume data. The model leads to the root mean square error of about 955 contracts. Utilizing additional predictive information from trading volumes of the CSI300 spot and first distant futures could further benefit prediction accuracy and the magnitude of improvements is about 1–2%. This benefit is particularly significant when the trading volume of the CSI300 nearby futures is close to be zero. Another benefit, at the cost of the model becoming slightly more sophisticated with more hidden neurons, is that predictions could be generated through 1–30 min ahead trading volume data.Originality/valueThe results of this study could be used for multiple purposes, including designing financial index trading systems and platforms, monitoring systematic financial risks and building financial index price forecasting.
Emotional and behavioural appeals as key determinants in Ghanaian consumer pre-banking behaviour
Authors: Tannor Linus Linnaeus , Carter Stephen 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe pre-purchase phase of consumer behaviour for financial services, especially retail banking, has been under-researched. This study explored the determinants of consumer pre-banking behaviour (BAB) in the Ghanaian banking sector.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative approach was employed by extending the constructs of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and technology acceptance model (TAM) to include affective and conative components and utilising a partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) analysis.FindingsAffective, conative, cognitive attitude, emotions and perceived trust (PT) were significant determinants of consumer pre-BAB. From a practical point of view, marketing managers need to be emotionally connected with their potential consumers to enhance the propensity of automatic purchasing.Research limitations/implicationsThe country context, sample type and size are limitations and so extending the study to other countries, with larger samples and additional insights on subjective norms (SNs), could help improve the model's efficacy.Originality/valueThe results presented in this paper are relevant and original because it is the only study, based on potential customers in an emergent economy context, to advocate the need for an emotional connection with potential consumers at the pre-banking stage to enhance the possibility of automatic purchasing.
Time for different thinking: housing need, policy and practice for people living with dementia and older people in Scotland
Authors: Tolson Debbie , Ritchie Louise , Smith Michael , Brown Margaret Mullen , Tolson Steven 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to examine housing need for older people and people with dementia, with reference to Scotland. This paper also examines policy responses and tensions arising from such need and looks critically at the evidence of care needs and what older people want in relation to later life conditions, including dementia.

Design/methodology/approach
Taking the Being Home: Housing and Dementia in Scotland report (2017) as a baseline descriptor, the authors have collated evidence from a range of sources to help them examine what has changed in terms of policy, practice and population ageing. Set against this backdrop, using desk-based analytical methods, the authors interrogate existing planning processes and systems in Scotland.

Findings
Scottish Spatial Planning has a policy blindness on the overwhelming evidence of the housing needs derived from an ageing population. Policy focus is geared towards the amount of housing supplied, rather than appropriate types of housing, leaving older people with little choice of suitable accommodation. A key area to improve is in establishing greater co-operation and policy synthesis between health, social, housing and planning functions. Broad policy ambition must be transferred into detailed reality for older people and people with dementia to benefit.

Originality/value
The integrated approach and in-depth analysis, linked to planning policy and housing need, is highly original and much needed.
Shariah board characteristics and Islamic banks’ performance: a meta-analysis
Authors: Grassa Rihab , El-Halaby Sherif , Khlif Hichem 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Shariah board (SB) is a unique corporate governancemechanism in Islamic financial institutions. Over the last decade, an increasing number of studies discusses the relationship between SB and Islamic banks' (IB) performance. These researches report conflicting findings due to the heterogeneity of their samples. Therefore,the purpose of this paper is to meta-analyze the results of the previous empirical studies to assess if the differences in findings were attributable to moderating effects related either to the system of SB or the used SB variables or the variables used to identify performance.

Design/methodology/approach
To examine the direct and moderating effects of SB attributes, this study uses a meta-analysis technique on a sample of 46 empirical studies, using Hunter and Schmidt’s approach followed by three exploratory moderator analyses: ROE, ROA and Tobin’ Q. Significant results are discussed.

Findings
Overall, the meta-analysis findings show that there is a positive significant association between SB meetings and qualifications and IBs’ performance. In testing the moderating effects of financial performance measurement during the post-subprime crisis period, the meta-analysis findings suggest that there is a positive significant association between SB characteristics (size, qualification, reputation, interlock and expertise) and performance. The meta-analysis findings stress the importance of several SB attributes in improving IBs’ performance, especially, during the economic recovery period.

Originality/value
This paper adds significance to the extant Islamic finance literature as well as assists the appropriate stakeholders in assessing the determinants of IBs’ performance from Shariah governance perspective. It further aims to reconcile the findings of the previous studies around the world. Moreover, the findings help future research to build a comprehensive Shariah governance index for IBs.
Zone of peace: beliefs, roles, and practices
Authors: Jabor Rodgen Marginado 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the understanding and observance of the program “This School is a Zone of Peace” (SZOP) in schools where conflict and violence are not prevalent.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper followed a qualitative research tradition – narrative inquiry. Eight teachers and a school head participated in the study. Data were gathered through nonparticipant observation, photography and focus group discussion with photo elicitation.

Findings
The participants elucidated the declaration, “This School is a Zone of Peace,” as a message of assurance to the community that the school is a home for learners that is welcoming and violence free. Furthermore, learners in a school that is a zone of peace are honed holistically with the participation, cooperation and togetherness of the school community members. Teachers at the forefront viewed themselves as mentors, implementers and models. Teachers contended that peacebuilding practices in schools could be sustained through regular implementation, encouraging others to get involved and have commitment.

Originality/value
A handful of articles have illustrated the essence of the School as Zone of Peace program, which pointed out to create a culture of peace in schools; however, it leaned toward the negative conception of peace – the absence of conflict and violence. This study bared additional insights and fresh perspectives of the SZOP initiative observed in schools with different contexts and experiences that may be helpful to policymakers for the enhancement of the adapted program with the goal of peacebuilding to making schools highly functional.
Examining the linkages between human capital and economic growth in India
Authors: Yadav Pooja , Mohapatra Geetilaxmi 
Published: May 2023

Purpose The main aim of this study is to explore the role of multi-dimensional human capital on the economic growth of the Indian economy.Design/methodology/approach The study used the methodology given by World Bank, 2018) in calculating the human capital index (HCI). The HCI has been constructed at a regional level for all 28 Indian states and 8 Union Territories (UTs) for the period of 2015–2016. The study explored the linkages between HCI and per capita gross state domestic product (PGSDP). The study further employed OLS (Ordinary Least Square) for overall significance and Spearmen’s Rank correlation coefficient test for establishing the linkage between HCI and PGSDP.Findings The results indicate that quality education, expected year of schooling, and infant mortality rate play a significant role in the improvement of HCI which further impacts the productivity rate of the upcoming generation and the inclusive growth of the country. The findings show that Mizoram, Chandigarh and Kerala are better performing states while the Bihar and Uttar Pradesh are the worst performers. The results also show that there is a positive and statistically significant correlation between PGSDP and HCI and its components. Further, the results show that public expenditure on health and education has significant effect on HCI.Practical implications The results of this study would be useful for policymakers to identify the determinants and improve the position of Indian states in HCI. The results show that policymakers should focus on quality education and health to improve the productivity of future generation workers for sustainable and inclusive growth.Originality/value The study is the pioneering study to analyze the state-wise HCI in India using methods mentioned by the World Bank. Unlike previous studies, variables such as expected year of schooling, under-5 mortality rates and survival rates are constructed more pragmatically.
Avoiding the scenario of “The farmer and the snake”: the dark side of servant leadership and an intervention mechanism
Authors: Gao Riguang , Liu Bo 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThis study aims to reveal the potential dark side of servant leadership by exploring its differential impact on followers with varying degrees of Machiavellianism and to uncover the role of leader negative feedback as an intervention mechanism in attenuating this negative impact.Design/methodology/approachA three-wave survey with one-month intervals was conducted with 344 participants from different industries.FindingsThe results suggest that servant leadership triggered psychological entitlement among followers with high Machiavellianism, leading to organizational and interpersonal deviance, but only when negative feedback from the leader was weak.Practical implicationsWhen leaders implement servant leadership, they should beware of breeding psychological entitlement among highly Machiavellian followers, as this can activate their deviant behavior, and should make full use of negative feedback as an intervention mechanism.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first to use the self-evaluation perspective to examine the negative impact of servant leadership on follower behavior via attitude and to explore boundary conditions to overcome this effect.
Employee involvement and participation in digital transformation: a combined analysis of literature and practitioners' expertise
Authors: Ullrich André , Reißig Malte , Niehoff Silke , Beier Grischa 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThis paper provides a systematization of the existing body of literature on both employee participation goals and the intervention formats in the context of organizational change. Furthermore, degrees of employee involvement that the intervention formats address are identified and related to the goals of employee participation. On this basis, determinants of employee involvement and participation in the context of digital transformation are unveiled.Design/methodology/approachBased on a systematic literature review the authors structure and relate employee participation goals and formats. Through a workshop with expert practitioners, the authors transfer and enhance these theoretical findings in the context of digital transformation. Experts rated the three most important goals and identified accompanying success factors, barriers and effects.FindingsThe results show that it is not necessarily the degree of involvement but a context-specific selection of measures, the quality of their implementation as well as the actual uptake of suggestions and activities developed by employees that contribute to employees accepting and participating in goal-directed transformations. Moreover, employees must have sufficient information and time for their participation in transformation processes.Originality/valueThis paper is based on a transformative approach, combining literature analysis to identify formats and goals of employee participation with experiential knowledge of digital transformation practitioners. In addition to relating intervention formats to goals pursued in organizational change processes, empirical and experiential perspectives are used to identify three very relevant goals and respective determinants in digital transformation processes.
Work stress, office clutter and employees’ performance during COVID-19 waves
Authors: Malik Muhammad Imran , Hyder Shabir , Hussain Saddam , Muhammad Niaz , Sabir Muhammad , Saleem Farida 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe aim of the study is to test the integrated model involving work stress, office clutter and employee performance with the moderating roles of training and self-discipline (SD) after the re-opening of the banks after the COVID-19 wave.Design/methodology/approach The study used 333 respondents from banking industry, whose responses were recorded using a closed ended questionnaire. The authors used partial least square path anaysis to analyze the data.Findings Work stress significantly increases office clutter, which harms the employees’ performance. Moreover, SD and training significantly improve employees’ performance by reducing work stress and thereby office clutter. There are various mechanisms through which both these factors reduced stress and office clutter.Practical implications The employee’s performance can be enhanced with lower levels of office clutter. The office clutter can be managed through having lower levels of stress and providing people with training and inculcating SD among them. A greater understanding of the factors that count toward office clutter might help bank managers and employees to address the issues related to their performance.Originality/value The authors have proposed a new framework involving conservation of resources theory for the employees’ performance. They posit employees’ performance is an organizational resource, which can be conserved as well as enriched both by employers and employees through their own contribution.
Diagnostic and disease severity determination criteria for hydroa vacciniforme lymphoproliferative disorders and severe mosquito bite allergy
Authors: Hirai Yoji , Asada Hideo , Hamada Toshihisa , Kawada Jun‐ichi , Kimura Hiroshi , Arai Ayako , Ohshima Koichi , Ohga Shouichi , Iwatsuki Keiji ,   Committee for Guidelines for the Management of Chronic Active EBV Disease and Related Disorders (the MHLW Research Team in Japan)
Published: May 2023

AbstractHydroa vacciniforme lymphoproliferative disorder (HV‐LPD) and severe mosquito bite allergy (SMBA) are both cutaneous forms of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐associated T/natural killer (NK) cell LPDs and are closely related to chronic active EBV disease (CAEBV) and EBV‐associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV‐HLH). HV‐LPD is further divided into classic HV, a benign subtype mediated by EBV‐positive γδT cells, and systemic HV, another life‐threatening subtype mainly associated with EBV‐positive αβT or γδT cells. The vast majority of patients with SMBA have increased numbers of EBV‐infected NK cells in the blood. Clinical symptoms of HV‐LPD and SMBA often overlap in the same patient and may progress to more serious disease conditions equivalent to the systemic form of CAEBV. To define the disease spectrum of HV‐LPD and SMBA, we propose the diagnostic criteria and the determination criteria for disease severity. The proposed diagnostic criteria are consistent with those for CAEBV and EBV‐HLH in the guidelines for the management for CAEBV and related disorders 2023.