bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IFCnCov: An IoT‐based smart diagnostic architecture for COVID‐19
Authors: Pati Abhilash , Parhi Manoranjan , Pattanayak Binod Kumar , Pati Bibudhendu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPerforming a coronary disease diagnosis remotely is challenging now‐a‐days. COVID‐19 is a worldwide pandemic, and methods for detecting COVID‐19 are hampered by insufficient data and a lack of validation testing. Internet of Things (IoT) applications that rely on cloud computing (CC) are being studied in an effort to improve e‐Healthcare systems, even though CC presents substantial latency, bandwidth, energy consumption, security and privacy issues and so forth. The extension to CC, fog computing (FC), can overcome these said limitations. This study aims to diagnose COVID‐19 patients to fight the outbreak remotely. This study proposes IFCnCov, which enables remote users to diagnose COVID‐19 disease in real‐time using integrated IoT, FC, and CC principles, as well as ensemble learning (EL) and deep learning (DL). The proposed system is a two‐layered architecture, trained with DL approaches to two different datasets: a symptom‐based dataset and a chest x‐rays imaging dataset obtained from the Kaggle repository employing several evaluative measures. From various experiments, this proposed IFCnCov achieves comparatively enhanced accuracies of 97.71% and 98.64%, precision of 97.38% and 98.52%, sensitivity of 98.19% and 98.92%, specificity of 97.21% and 98.34%, and F1‐scores of 97.79% and 98.72% in the first and second stages respectively, which also outperforms some other considered state‐of‐the‐art works. Additionally, this work is validated in terms of several network parameters, including scalability, energy consumption, network utilization, jitter, processing time, throughput, and arbitration time.
Shear performance of reinforced concrete beams strengthened in shear using NSM bars and reinforced HSC layers
Authors: Abdo Ayman , Sharaky Ibrahim A. , Ahmed Sayed 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe reinforced concrete (RC) beams could be upgraded in shear using steel and fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) having several shapes (bars, strips, or sheets). Using near‐surface mounted (NSM) Glass FRP (GFRP) bars is still limited compared to carbon FRP (CFRP) elements as shear reinforcement. Moreover, using reinforced high‐strength concrete layers (HSCL) as NSM shear strengthening for the RC beams is still limited. Herein, three RC beams internally reinforced in shear using different shear areas (without, 100 mm stirrups apart, and 200 mm stirrups apart) were experimentally tested as reference beams (CB). Other eight beams strengthened in shear using NSM HSCL, and bars were experimentally tested. Moreover, an extended finite element (FE) simulation was implemented through a verified FE model to study the effect of other NSM aspects on shear‐strengthened beam response. The results explained that, regardless of the internal stirrups area and external NSM characteristics, the shear‐strengthened beams showed higher load efficiency than the corresponding CB. The NSM upgraded shear beam had slightly higher load efficiency than the un‐strengthened beam having the same steel area as internally shear stirrups. Moreover, increasing the internal shear stirrups decreased the total efficiency of the NSM shear strengthening and the internal stirrups regardless of the NSM characteristics. Furthermore, the NSM HSCL was more efficient than the corresponding NSM bars in increasing the load capacity and stiffness of the shear‐strengthened beams. The reported analytical model predicted well the shear capacity of the tested beams.
LncRNA AP000487.1 regulates PRKCB DNA methylation‐mediated TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway in Nano NiO‐induced collagen formation in BEAS‐2B cells
Authors: Zheng Jinfa , Wang Jinyu , Li Kun , Qin Xin , Li Sheng , Chang Xuhong , Sun Yingbiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNickel oxide nanoparticles (Nano NiO) have been shown to cause pulmonary fibrosis; But, the underlying epigenetic mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA AP000487.1 in regulating PRKCB DNA methylation and the Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)/ Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/ Nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) pathway in Nano NiO‐induced collagen formation. We found that lncRNA AP000487.1 was able to bind to the promoter region of the PRKCB gene by Chromosomal RNA pull‐down experiments (Ch‐RNA pull‐down). Moreover, Nano NiO exposure led to down‐regulation of lncRNA AP000487.1 expression and PRKCB DNA methylation, resulting in up‐regulation of PRKCB expression, activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway, and increased collagen formation in BEAS‐2B cells. Conversely, overexpression of lncRNA AP000487.1 restored PRKCB expression, reduced its hypomethylation and attenuated TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway activation and collagen formation. Furthermore, treatment with the DNA methylation inhibitor, decitabine, alleviated Nano NiO‐induced PRKCB2 expression, TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway activation, and collagen formation. Additionally, using PRKCB2 overexpression plasmid, PRKCB2 siRNA, and PRKCB2 protein inhibitor LY317615 influenced NF‐κB pathway activity and collagen formation. Finally, TLR4 inhibitor (TAK‐242) restrained Nano NiO‐induced MyD88/NF‐κB pathway activation and excessive collagen formation. In summary, we demonstrated that the down‐regulated lncRNA AP000487.1 could cause PRKCB hypomethylation and increased expression, resulting in NF‐κB pathway activation and collagen formation in Nano NiO‐induced BEAS‐2B cells. This is the first study to reveal the role of lncRNA AP000487.1 in regulating collagen formation in Nano NiO‐exposed BEAS‐2B cells. Our study identified that lncRNA AP000487.1/PRKCB hypomethylation/NF‐κB pathway was a regulatory axis of BEAS‐2B cells collagen excessive formation. Our findings indicate that lncRNA AP000487.1 and PRKCB DNA methylation may function as biomarkers or potential targets in response to Nano NiO exposure.
Evaluation of the biocontrol effect of Trichoderma sp. Trs GT2 extracts produced by fermentation processes against Botrytis cinerea Btcr GM3
Authors: Saldaña‐Mendoza Salvador Alexis , Chávez‐González Mónica Lizeth , Ramírez‐Guzmán Karen Nathiely , Aguilar Cristóbal N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the present work, the evaluation of the use of Trichoderma spp. for controlling different phytopathogens of agricultural importance (Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Phytophthora sp.) was carried out. Confrontation assays by dual culture, volatile metabolites (overlapping plate assay), and diffusible metabolites (poison medium assay) were performed to identify and select the Trichoderma strain with a greater spectrum of inhibition and the most sensitive phytopathogen. The production of hydrolytic enzymes associated with biological control by the Trichoderma sp. Trs GT2 strain (chitinase, cellulase, amylase, and lipase) was evaluated. Subsequently, the use of solid‐state and submerged fermentation to produce extracts with antagonistic activity against B. cinerea was evaluated, and the production of specific activity β 1–3 glucanase was compared. It was found that Trichoderma sp. Trs GT2 presented the greatest spectrum of inhibition against the phytopathogens evaluated, resulting in the strain of B. cinerea being the most sensitive microorganism to its effects (percentages of inhibition: dual culture 100%, volatile metabolites 100% and diffusible metabolites 28.24%). The Trichoderma sp. Trs GT2 strain showed amylase, cellulase, and chitinase activity. It also produced activity titers β 1–3 glucanase of 13.22 U/g by solid‐state fermentation (SSF) and 8.19 U/mL by submerged fermentation, as well as specific activities of (1.38 U/mg) and (14.23 U/mg), respectively. The extracts produced by both fermentation systems did not present an antagonistic effect against B. cinerea; this can be attributed to the need for interaction with the phytopathogen in question for the induction of metabolites with antagonistic activity, as well as to the confusion that the evaluation of the antagonistic effect of diffusible metabolites, through the cellophane paper technique, can generate in which the mechanism of nutrient competition can cause the inhibitory effect. This work shows that the ability of one microorganism to exert biocontrol against another can vary depending on the mechanism through which it performs and demonstrates that the antagonist‐phytopathogenic interaction can promote the production of metabolites with antagonistic activity.
Digital health services in Bangladesh—The need for a sustainable design framework
Authors: Zahid Arnob , Yadav Uday N. , Mistry Sabuj K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBangladesh received the United Nations Award for DigitalHealth Development in 2011. Inspired by the recognition, the country has launched several digital health initiatives over the last decade. However, despite achievements in expanding information and communication technologies, recent studies show that current digital health services are difficult to use, fail to meet user needs, are subject to threats in data privacy and security, lack a robust digital infrastructure, and do not benefit from a cohesive policy and regulatory environment. As the country currently deals with the post‐COVID‐19 consequences, it is high time for its healthcare policymakers to address these challenges and take the necessary actions to establish a people‐centered framework for digital health service design and operations. In this commentary, we proposed a design framework for digital health services that address these ongoing challenges in the digital health services of Bangladesh. We believe the proposed framework stands to help Bangladesh and other coutnries attain sustainability.
Transferosomes as a transdermal drug delivery system: Dermal kinetics and recent developments
Authors: Matharoo Namrata , Mohd Hana , Michniak‐Kohn Bozena 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe development of innovative approaches to deliver medications has been growing now for the last few decades and generates a growing interest in the dermatopharmaceutical field. Transdermal drug delivery in particular, remains an attractive alternative route for many therapeutics. However, due to the limitations posed by the barrier properties of the stratum corneum, the delivery of many pharmaceutical dosage forms remains a challenge. Most successful therapies using the transdermal route have been ones containing smaller lipophilic molecules with molecular weights of a few hundred Daltons. To overcome these limitations of size and lipophilicity of the drugs, transferosomes have emerged as a successful tool for transdermal delivery of a variety of therapeutics including hydrophilic actives, larger molecules, peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids. Transferosomes exhibit a flexible structure and higher surface hydrophilicity which both play a critical role in the transport of drugs and other solutes using hydration gradients as a driving force to deliver the molecules into and across the skin. This results in enhanced overall permeation as well as controlled release of the drug in the skin layers. Additionally, the physical–chemical properties of the transferosomes provide increased stability by preventing degradation of the actives by oxidation, light, and temperature. Here, we present the history of transferosomes from solid lipid nanoparticles and liposomes, their physical–chemical properties, dermal kinetics, and their recent advances as marketed dosage forms.This article is categorized under:
Biology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid‐Based Structures
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Newspaper coverage of water security issues in the water‐stressed Northern Province of Sri Lanka: An explorative study of three Tamil dailies
Authors: Rubini Senthalan , Kumarendran Balachandran , Raguram Sivasubramaniam , Sriskandarajah Nadarajah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNewspapers remain as an effective medium for circulating information among the public in the North of Sri Lanka and have the potential to influence public opinion and people's behavior regarding sustainable use of groundwater. This study investigated the extent and scope of newspaper coverage on the subject of water security in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. Three newspapers, namely, Yarl Thinakkural, Uthayan, and Valampuri were chosen on the basis of readership, circulation in print form, and for being daily local or regional papers in Tamil. The content analysis of 1214 articles published in 2019 and 2020 in the three papers indicated that as much as 80% of space in the papers was allocated to reporting general news items and events in the community related to new water projects, rain and floods or drought events and announcements of allocation of irrigation water for farming. Only 20% of newspaper space was taken up by non‐news articles including advertisements related to water. We conclude by saying that the effect of these newspapers on their audiences would merely be to inform rather than to set agendas or frame the discourse in society, let alone persuade readers enough to make changes. The study revealed the significant potential that exists for newspapers to shift their culture of simply reporting of facts in a dispassionate way to one of environmental journalism with a degree of advocacy in view of the critical nature of the security of groundwater in the Northern Province.
Vibration Analysis in Agricultural Vehicles for Fault Detection
Authors: Mafla-Yépez Carlos , Castejon-Sisamon Cristina , Rubio-Alonso Higinio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFailure analysis of farm tractor’s engines and internal combustion engines is done using vibration analysis due to its efficiency and because it is not invasive to the engine operation. In this work, engine failures are studied based on failures of the injectors opening pressure. The vibration data was obtained by a sensor located in the cylinder block close to the compression chamber. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) was applied to obtain characteristics in each engine operating status (injector failures). With the statistical analysis, the characteristics are selected for the classification of the engine status and later failures prediction. The results demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
Numerical-Experimental Analysis of the Sealing Efficiency Utilizing Stresses Produced to an Engine Gasket Manufactured by CRS of ¼ Hardness with a Nitrile Coating on Both Sides
Authors: Soto-Barrón Félix Omar , García-Pérez Martín , Urriolagoitia-Sosa Guillermo , Romero-Ángeles Beatriz , Hernández-Cerón Antonio , Sabas-Gonzalez Diego , Reyes-Reyes José Luis , Guzmán-Baeza Martín , Contreras-Mendoza Belén Alejandra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe evaluation of a cold assembled engine gasket provides data to analyze if a new design complies with requirements. The main cause of damage is the working temperature. High temperatures are due to refrigerant leakage. In addition to sealing the cylinder, the head gasket seals water and oil passages between the head and the block, preventing engine failure. Different gaskets will fail at different temperature ranges and this is relevant for the structural analysis of the engine. The durability of the gasket and its ability to seal the engine in all condition makes the design a challenge. The non-uniform thermal expansion of the motor makes difficult to design a uniform bead height in the gasket. This makes necessary to include a temperature map in all 3D analyses. This work shows the thermal analysis of an engine head gasket with prestressing of the assembly bolts, the results guarantee an efficient sealing and optimal operation.
Wake Interactions in an Asymmetric Binary Cylinder System in the Subcritical – Supercritical Regime
Authors: Rozas Rozas Joseph , Hernández Pellicer Rodrigo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExperimental results on the interaction between the wakes of a formed by two cylinders (binary) of different diameters are presented. The binary system is introduced into a pond with water and coupled to a system with linear displacement, causing the development of a Bérnard von Kármán (BvK) stability through the relative movement between the body and the fluid. The dynamics of the wakes are characterized through a PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) algorithm using a CCD sensor coupled to the solidarity movement of the system. On the other hand, the visualization is done using the hydrogen bubble technique. The measurements of the velocity profiles allowed us to analyze characterize the dynamic behavior od the wakes in the subcritical-supercritical rage of the Reynolds number. The result of the analysis with PIV allows for obtaining profiles of average speed. In addition, it allowed determining the vortex emission frequency of the system in the wakes of both cylinders at beginning of the von Kármán instability.
Dynamic Performance Analysis of a Direct Expansion Solar Heat Pump Water Heater for Different Evaporator/Condenser Area Ratios
Authors: Parada-Guzmán Luis E. , Valencia-Cañola Santiago , Isaza-Roldán Cesar A. , Duarte-Hernández David A. , Mira-Hernández Carolina , Bustamante Carlos A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo mitigate the deleterious effects of climate change, sustainable energy technologies need to be developed and widely adopted. This study analyzes the effect of the evaporator/condenser area ratio on performance for a direct expansion solar heat pump water heater system operating in Medellín, Colombia. For the analysis, a dynamic simulation of the system is carried out via a numerical approximation using Python with the Coolprop library. Results shows that the evaporator area is more relevant than condenser area for the system performance. Also, an increase in evaporator area results in a better system efficiency. An area ratio between evaporator and condenser above 10 deteriorates the system performance.
Influence of Material Properties in Milling Forces of AISI 316L Obtained by L-PBF
Authors: Díaz-Plaza De Los Reyes Nicolás , Alzugaray-Franz Ricardo , Leal-Muñoz Erardo , La Fé-Perdomo Iván , Ramos-Grez Jorge , Diez-Cifuentes Eduardo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTechnologies associated with additive manufacturing enabled the realization of several new products, providing high flexibility to the processes and high material usage efficiency. Furthermore, additively manufactured metals exhibit differences in surface topography and mechanical properties, primarily due to changes in the printing strategies and production parameters. Nowadays, postprocessing techniques are necessary to produce a quality printed metal product, due to the high initial surface roughness that every additive specimen presents. In this study, milling tests of additively manufactured AISI 316L workpieces obtained under different conditions were performed to investigate the influence of printing volumetric energy density, material density, and material ultimate tensile strength on cutting forces. The analysis revealed an association between cutting forces amplitude and the analyzed material properties. Also, similar machinability between the printed and the hot rolled metal was found when the density of the material was similar.
Determination of the Influence on the Dimensional Characteristics of the Parts Manufactured in 3D Printers of Temperature, Printing Speed and Layer Height During Manufacturing
Authors: Mínguez-Martínez Alberto , Ramos-González Fernando , Quirós-Torres Gonzalo , de Vicente y Oliva Jesús 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdditive manufacturing technologies, among which is 3D printing, is one of the fundamental pillars of Industry 4.0, since it allows to obtain prototypes and manufactured parts in a fast, versatile, and economical way. The result of the 3D printing process is affected by the effects that the different parameters of the process have on materials such as PLA, which is the most widely used. In this article, the effect of layer height, speed and printing temperature on parts manufactured with 3D printing will be studied, making a dimensional study with a profile projector. It has been determined that, among the three parameters, the extrusion temperature has the greatest effect.
Determination of Calibration Corrections and Study of the Reproducibility of a 3D Printer
Authors: Mínguez-Martínez Alberto , Quirós-Torres Gonzalo , Ramos-González Fernando , de Vicente y Oliva Jesús 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdditive manufacturing technologies, among which is 3D printing, is one of the fundamental pillars of industry 4.0, since it allows to obtain prototypes and manufactured parts in a fast, versatile and economical way. To ensure the quality of production, it is necessary that all parts obtained through any manufacturing process meet the specifications of the design. However, it is not enough for a certain part to meet the dimensional design specifications, but most parts manufactured on the same machine must do so. This paper proposes two pattern models to study the reproducibility and for the correction of the scales that must be applied to a commercial 3D printer to obtain printed parts by fused filament deposition (FDM).
Modal Analysis of a 2R Flexible Platform Using Screw Theory
Authors: Pucheta Martín , Gallardo Alejandro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCompliant mechanisms perform precision movements generated by the elastic deformation of their flexible elements. For most applications, resonance frequencies must be bounded by a defined range of values. Therefore, a modal analysis of the mechanisms is required at the initial stage of design. In this work, a novel flexible platform with 2 degrees of rotational freedom restricted by beam-type flexure elements is analyzed. The Screw Theory description of the movement of the mechanism is used for the rigid and the flexible elements. Using this formalism, the stiffness and mass matrices for a two-node beam element are derived and can be assembled using a standard finite-element-like procedure to perform the modal analysis of the mechanism. Starting from the desired movements, the mechanism is synthesized using screws and a hybrid (series/parallel) solution is proposed. The analytical results for the modal analysis obtained by Screw Theory are compared with the results of finite element analysis. Due to the computational efficiency, the analytical equations are chosen to be applied in the optimization of the designs.
Constraints on sequential discontinuities from the geometry of on-shell spaces
Authors: Hannesdottir Holmfridur S. , McLeod Andrew J. , Schwartz Matthew D. , Vergu Cristian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We present several classes of constraints on the discontinuities of Feynman integrals that go beyond the Steinmann relations. These constraints follow from a geometric formulation of the Landau equations that was advocated by Pham, in which the singularities of Feynman integrals correspond to critical points of maps between on-shell spaces. To establish our results, we review elements of Picard-Lefschetz theory, which connect the homotopy properties of the space of complexified external momenta to the homology of the combined space of on-shell internal and external momenta. An important concept that emerges from this analysis is the question of whether or not a pair of Landau singularities is compatible — namely, whether or not the Landau equations for the two singularities can be satisfied simultaneously. Under conditions we describe, sequential discontinuities with respect to non-compatible Landau singularities must vanish. Although we only rigorously prove results for Feynman integrals with generic masses in this paper, we expect the geometric and algebraic insights that we gain will also assist in the analysis of more general Feynman integrals.