bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The illness severity of ward remaining patients reviewed by the medical emergency team: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Batterbury Anthony , Douglas Clint , Coyer Fiona 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough progress has been made in identifying and responding to acutely deteriorating ward patients, judgements about the level of care required for patients after medical emergency team review are complex, rarely including a formal assessment of illness severity. This challenges staff and resource management practices and patient safety.ObjectiveThis study sought to quantify the illness severity of ward patients after medical emergency team review.Research Design and SettingThis retrospective cohort study examined the clinical records of 1500 randomly sampled adult ward patients following medical emergency team review at a metropolitan tertiary hospital. Outcome measures were the derivation of patient acuity and dependency scores using sequential organ failure assessment and nursing activities score instruments. Findings are reported using the STROBE guideline for cohort studies.No Patient or Public ContributionNo direct patient contact was made during the data collection and analysis phases of the study.ResultsPatients were male (52.6%), unplanned (73.9%) medical admissions (57.5%), median age of 67 years. The median sequential organ failure assessment score was 4% and 20% of patients demonstrated multiple organ system failure requiring non typical monitoring and coordination arrangements for at least 24 h. The median nursing activities score was 86% suggestive of a near 1:1 nurse‐to‐patient ratio. More than half of all patients required enhanced levels of assistance with mobilization (58.8%) and hygiene (53.9%) activities.ConclusionsPatients who remain on the ward following medical emergency team review had complex combinations of organ dysfunction, with levels of dependency similar to those found in intensive care units. This has implications for ward and patient safety and continuity of care arrangements.Relevance to Clinical PracticeProfiling illness severity at the conclusion of the medical emergency team review may help determine the need for special resource and staffing arrangements or placement within the ward environment.
Treatment of Acetabular Bone Defect in Revision of Total Hip Arthroplasty Using 3D Printed Tantalum Acetabular Augment
Authors: Ying Jiawei , Cheng Liangliang , Li Junlei , Wu Bin , Qiu Xing , Zhang Tianwei , Wang Feng , Liu Baoyi , Yang Lei , Pokharel Durga Bhakta , Xie Hui , Wang Fuyang , Liu Yuchen , Xu Minghao , Yu Haiyu , Zhao Dewei 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe treatment of acetabular defects is one of the most difficult challenges of revision of total hip arthroplasty (RTHA), and tantalum is regarded as a promising bone substitute material. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of 3D printed acetabular augment used in RTHA for the treatment of acetabular bone defect.MethodsA retrospective analysis of the clinical data of seven patients who had undergone RTHA was carried out using 3D printed acetabular augment from January 2017 to December 2018. The CT data of the patients were exported to Mimics 21.0 software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium), and the acetabular bone defect augment were designed, printed and then implanted during operation. The postoperative Harris score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score and prosthesis position were observed to evaluate the clinical outcome. A I‐test was used for preoperative and postoperative comparison of the paired‐design dataset.ResultsA firm attachment of the bone augment to the acetabulum during operation without any complications was found during the follow‐up time 2.8–4.3 years. The VAS score of all patients was found 6.9 ± 1.4 before operation and was 0.7 ± 0.7 at the last follow‐up (P ≤ 0.001), and the Harris hip scores, were 31.9 ± 10.3 and 73.3 ± 12.8 before operation, and at the last follow‐up (P ≤ 0.001), respectively. Moreover, no loosening sign between the bone defect augment and the acetabulum was observed during the entire implantation period.Conclusion3D printed acetabular augment is effective in reconstructing the acetabulum following an acetabular bone defect revision, which enhances the hip joint function and eventually makes a satisfactory stable prosthetic.
Effect of ascorbate and hydrogen peroxide on hormone and metabolite levels during post‐germination growth in wheat
Authors: Asghar Muhammad Ahsan , Kulman Kitti , Szalai Gabriella , Gondor Orsolya Kinga , Mednyánszky Zsuzsa , Simon‐Sarkadi Livia , Gaudinova Alena , Dobrev Petre I. , Vanková Radomíra , Kocsy Gábor 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe modulation of hormone and metabolite levels by ascorbate (ASA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was compared during post‐germination growth in shoots of wheat. Treatment with ASA resulted in a greater reduction of growth than the addition of H2O2. ASA also had a larger effect on the redox state of the shoot tissues as shown by the higher ASA and glutathione (GSH) levels, lower glutathione disulfide (GSSG) content and GSSG/GSH ratio compared to the H2O2 treatment. Apart from common responses (i.e., increase of cis‐zeatin and its O‐glucosides), the contents of several compounds related to cytokinin (CK) and abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism were greater after ASA application. These differences in the redox state and hormone metabolism following the two treatments may be responsible for their distinct influence on various metabolic pathways. Namely, the glycolysis and citrate cycle were inhibited by ASA and they were not affected by H2O2, while the amino acid metabolism was induced by ASA and repressed by H2O2 based on the changes in the level of the related carbohydrates, organic and amino acids. The first two pathways produce reducing power, while the last one needs it; therefore ASA, as a reductant may suppress and induce them, respectively. H2O2 as an oxidant had different effect, namely it did not alter glycolysis and citrate cycle, and inhibited the formation of amino acids.
Nighttime light data‐based analysis of spatiotemporal patterns evolution and driving forces of economic development in China at prefecture level (1992–2020)
Authors: Wang Hua , Han Hubiao , Zhang Jiaxue , Zhang Danfei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntercity lighting data are an important resource for studying spatial and temporal patterns in regional urban development as an indicator of the intensity of urban social and economic activity. Understanding the evolutionary characteristics of the spatial pattern of regional economic development can support decision‐making in regional economic coordination and sustainable development strategies. Based on a long time series of nighttime lighting data from 1992 to 2020, this study used the Theil index, Markoff transfer matrix, spatial autocorrelation, and spatial regression to analyze spatiotemporal evolutionary characteristics and drivers of urban economic development in China. The study found that from 1992 to 2020, China's economic development hot spots have been concentrated in highly developed urban agglomerations namely the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, Shandong Peninsula, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta. Cold spots were mainly concentrated in the central‐west and southwest of the country. The economic growth rate shows an opposite spatial pattern, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the national coordinated development strategy for regions. The Theil index for urban economic development in China shows an overall downward trend, and the overall economic disparity is mainly due to the relatively low economic development of Tibet, Xinjiang, Gansu, and other western provinces. Therefore, regional economic development remains significantly uneven. In China, the economic type of cities is relatively stable, and the probability of leapfrogging types is low; however, the level of cities with high resource dependence or a single economic structure easily downgrades. The level of economic development and the related socioeconomic factors of neighboring cities influence an obvious spatial spillover effect in the development of urban economies in China. The pattern of China's urban economic development is mainly affected by innovation capacity, financial support, capital investment, transportation infrastructure, and industrial structure.
Determination of Microcystis aeruginosa Concentration Using Two Discrete Wavelengths
Authors: Prebenda Collin , Fernandes Brendan , Griffin Thomas , Markowitz Jonathan , Carson Keagan , Zheng Yi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs), specifically Microcystis aeruginosa (MA), present a serious global problem to bodies of water. HABs are the rapid growth of toxic algae species in a waterway. These algae species are known to cause irritation, nausea, and vomiting in humans, and even more severe side effects in smaller organisms. Climate change and human development have caused these harmful blooms to become more prevalent in recent years. Current commercial and academic algae detection methods were researched and found to be highly restrictive or expensive. This creates the need for a monitoring device that fills this niche, which the team attempted to do. Regarding the detection of MA, the peak spectral absorbances were determined to be at wavelengths of 430 nm and 680 nm. The handheld harmful algae monitoring device directs these specific wavelengths of light matching the peak absorptions of MA through a sample. The relative intensity of light after passing through the sample is measured and used to determine the presence and concentration of MA. This detection method is low cost, is portable, and will provide efficient and precise results with the hope of enabling a variety of users on a large scale. With proper calibration and more research, the handheld harmful algae monitoring device has the potential of being highly accurate and capable of testing nonpure samples.
A Boundary Element Method for the Prediction of Hydrodynamic Ship–Ice–Wave Interactions in Regular Waves
Authors: Jiang Zongyu , Li Fang , Mikkola Tommi , Kujala Pentti , Hirdaris Spyros 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor ships navigating in ice floe fields, ship–ice–wave interactions may affect ship performance and ice impact forces. This paper presents an approach to evaluate the cross-coupling added mass and hydrodynamic damping between a passing ship and a free-floating small/medium size ice floe based on the boundary element method (BEM). The influences of added mass and hydrodynamic damping are explored for different wave frequencies and headings. Results are presented for a regular waves scenario whereby a tanker progressing at a slow speed is passing by a free-floating ice floe modeled as a round disk. Radiation and diffraction potentials of the interacting floating bodies are linearly superimposed to reflect the influence of hydromechanical coupling on responses. Parametric analysis of response amplitude operators (RAOs) indicates that the cross-coupling terms of added mass and hydrodynamic damping are of the same order of magnitude as those of the ice floe but smaller by one or two orders of magnitude than those of the ship. It is concluded that hydrodynamic interactions primarily influence the motions of the ice floe and are significant attributes in terms of suitably idealizing ship–ice system dynamics.
Ultrasound-guided Jamshidi needle puncture to reduce radiation exposure during percutaneous pedicle screw placement: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Wu Tong , Chen Yi-feng , Huang Ying , Meng Fan-he , Lu Jing-han , Liu Da 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionPercutaneous pedicle screw placement (PPSP) is a minimally invasive procedure highly dependent on fluoroscopic guidance, which results in increased radiation exposure and prolonged operative time. Ultrasound can image the lumbar paravertebral anatomy and the needle trajectory in real time, which may help reduce the use of fluoroscopy and radiation dose in PPSP. We will conduct a parallel randomised controlled trial to mainly investigate the effect of ultrasound guidance in radiation reduction during PPSP.Methods and analysisA total of 42 patients will be recruited and randomly assigned to the intervention group and the control group at a 1:1 ratio. In the intervention group, we will use ultrasound in combination with fluoroscopy to guide the insertion of the Jamshidi needles. In the control group, PPSP will be performed under conventional fluoroscopic guidance. The primary outcomes are the cumulative fluoroscopy time (s), radiation dose (mGy) and exposure times of screw placement. The secondary outcomes are insertion time of guidewire, rate of pedicle perforation, rate of facet joint violation, visual analogue scale for back pain, Oswestry Disability Index and complications. The participants, outcome assessors and data analysts will be blinded to allocation.Ethics and disseminationThe trial was approved by the research ethics committee of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University. The results will be presented at academic seminars and submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.This study involves human participants and was approved by Research Ethics Committee of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University reference number：2022PS704K. Participants gave informed consent to participate in the study before taking part.Trial registration numberChiCTR2200057131.
Rapid rEcognition of COrticosteRoiD resistant or sensitive Sepsis (RECORDS): study protocol for a multicentre, placebo-controlled, biomarker-guided, adaptive Bayesian design basket trial
Authors: Fleuriet Jérôme , Heming Nicholas , Meziani Ferhat , Reignier Jean , Declerq Pierre-Louis , Mercier Emmanuelle , Muller Grégoire , Colin Gwenhaël , Monnet Xavier , Robine Adrien , Siami Shidasp , Uhel Fabrice , Quenot Jean-Pierre , Plantefeve Gaetan , Badie Julio , Schneider Francis , Cerf Charles , Troché Gilles , Monchi Mehran , Mira Jean-Paul , Francois Bruno , Lamiae Grimaldi , Chevret Sylvie , Annane Djillali ,   RECORDS consortium
Published: March 2023

IntroductionCorticosteroids affect variably survival in sepsis trials, suggesting heterogeneity in patients’ response to corticosteroids. The RECORDS (Rapid rEcognition of COrticosteRoiD resistant or sensitive Sepsis) trial aimed at defining endotypes associated with adults with sepsis responsiveness to corticosteroids.Methods and analysisRECORDS, a multicentre, placebo-controlled, biomarker-guided, adaptive Bayesian design basket trial, will randomly assign to a biomarker stratum 1800 adults with community-acquired pneumonia, vasopressor-dependent sepsis, septic shock or acute respiratory distress syndrome. In each stratum, patients will be randomly assigned to receive a 7-day course of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone or their placebos. Patients with COVID-19 will be treated with a 10-day standard course of dexamethasone and randomised to fludrocortisone or its placebo. Primary outcome will be 90-day death or persistent organ dysfunction. Large simulation study will be performed across a range of plausible scenarios to foresee power to detect a 5%–10% absolute difference with corticosteroids. We will assess subset-by-treatment interaction by estimating in a Bayesian framework two quantities: (1) measure of influence, relying on the value of the estimation of corticosteroids’ effect in each subset, and (2) measure of interaction.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee (Comité de Protection des Personnes,Dijon, France), on 6 April 2020. Trial results will be disseminated at scientific conferences and results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04280497).
Rapid methods for identifying barriers and solutions to improve access to community health services: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Allen Luke Nelson , Azab Hagar , Jonga Ronald , Gordon Iris , Karanja Sarah , Evans Jennifer , Thaker Nam , Ramke Jacqueline , Bastawrous Andrew 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesLow attendance rates for community health services reflect important barriers that prevent people from receiving the care they need. Services and health systems that seek to advance Universal Health Coverage need to understand and act on these factors. Formal qualitative research is the best way to elicit barriers and identify potential solutions, however traditional approaches take months to complete and can be very expensive. We aim to map the methods that have been used to rapidly elicit barriers to accessing community health services and identify potential solutions.Methods and analysisWe will search MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Global Health for empirical studies that use rapid methods (<14 days) to elicit barriers and potential solutions from intended service beneficiaries. We will exclude hospital-based and 100% remotely delivered services. We will include studies conducted in any country from 1978 to present. We will not limit by language. Two reviewers will independently perform screening and data extraction, with disagreements resolved by a third reviewer. We will tabulate the different approaches used and present data on time, skills and financial requirements for each approach, as well as the governance framework and any strengths and weaknesses presented by the study authors. We will follow Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review guidance and report the review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. We will share our findings in the peer-reviewed literature, at conferences, and with WHO policymakers working in this space.RegistrationOpen Science Framework (https://osf.io/a6r2m).
Differences in humble leadership and team performance in nursing: an online cross-sectional study
Authors: Mrayyan Majd T 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThe current study measures the differences in humble leadership and team performance in nursing based on the sample’s characteristics.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingIn 2022, the current study sample was recruited from governmental and private universities and hospitals using an online survey.ParticipantsA convenience snowball sample of 251 nursing educators, nurses and students was recruited.ResultsA leader’s humble leadership, a team’s humble leadership and overall humble leadership were at moderate levels. The overall mean team performance was ‘working well’. The single male humble leaders, aged more than 35 years and working full-time in an organisation with quality initiatives, have a higher leader’s humble leadership. Members of the team aged more than 35 years working full-time in organisations with quality initiatives have a higher team’s humble leadership. Team performance in organisations with quality initiatives was higher in resolving many conflicts by compromising between team members, with each one giving in a little. There was a moderate correlation (r=0.644) between the total scores of the overall humble leadership and team performance. Humble leadership correlated significantly but negatively and weakly with quality initiatives (r=−0.169) and the participant’s role (r=−0.163). There was no significant correlation between team performance and the sample’s characteristics.ConclusionsHumble leadership has positive outcomes, such as team performance. The shared sample characteristic that sets the differences between a leader’s and a team’s humble leadership and team performance was the presence of quality initiatives in the organisation. The shared sample characteristics that set the differences in a leader’s and a team’s humble leadership were working full-time and the presence of quality initiatives in the organisation. Humble leaders are contagious; they will produce creative team members by ‘social contagion’, ‘behavioural similarity’, ‘team potency’ and ‘collective focus’. Thus, leadership protocols and interventions are mandated to fuel humble leadership and team performance.
Codesign of a digital health tool for suicide prevention: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Wepa Dianne , Neal Martin , Abo-Gazala Waseem , Cusworth Sally , Hargan Jae , Mistry Manoj , Vaughan Jimmy , Giles Stephen , Khan Mehnaz , Power Lucy 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe role of digital health in providing psychological treatment and support for the prevention of suicide is well documented. Particular emphasis has been placed on digital health technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Providing psychological support reduces the burden of mental health conditions. The challenge is to provide support in the context of patient isolation, which highlights the role of digital technology (video conferencing, smartphone apps and social media). There is, however, a dearth of literature where experts by experience have been involved in the end-to-end process of developing digital health tools for suicide prevention.Methods and analysisThis study aims to codesign a digital health tool for suicide prevention focusing on the enablers and barriers. The scoping review protocol is phase I within a three-phase study. The protocol will inform the second phase of the study which is the scoping review. The results of the review will inform a funding application to National Institute for Health and Care Research to codesign a digital health tool for suicide prevention (the third phase). The search strategy will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer’s Manual for Scoping Reviews and incorporates the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist to ensure reporting standards are maintained. The methodology will be supplemented by frameworks by Arksey and O’Malley and Levacet al. The search strategy dates for screening are from November 2022 to March 2023. Five databases will be searched: Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Grey literature searches include government and non-government health websites, Google and Google Scholar. The data will be extracted and organised into relevant categories. The results will be synthesised into themes and inform phase II of the study.Ethics and disseminationEthics granted by the University of Bradford on 15 August 2022, reference E995. The project team will design a digital health tool, results will be published in a peer-review journal and disseminated through conferences.Study registration numberSafety (Mental Health) Innovation Challenge Fund 2022–2023 Protocol RM0223/42079 Ver 0.1.
Integrating leadership into the undergraduate medical curriculum in the UK: a systematic review
Authors: Hemmati Zeynab , Harris Susan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundLeadership is a critical skill required of a doctor and is necessary for clinical and organisational development. Literature suggests that newly qualified doctors are not prepared for the leadership roles and responsibilities that they need to undertake in clinical practice. The opportunities to develop the necessary skillset should be available in undergraduate medical training and throughout a doctor’s professional advancement. Various frameworks and guidance for a core leadership curriculum have been designed, but data on their integration in undergraduate medical education in the UK are minimal.MethodsThis systematic review collates and qualitatively analyses studies that have implemented and evaluated a leadership teaching intervention in undergraduate medical training in the UK.ResultsThere are various approaches to teaching leadership in medical school, differing in mode of delivery and evaluation. Feedback on the interventions revealed that students gained insight into leadership and honed their skills.ConclusionsThe long-term effectiveness of the described leadership interventions in preparing newly qualified doctors cannot be conclusively determined. The implications for future research and practice are also provided in this review.