bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A More Pragmatic CDCL for IsaSAT and Targetting LLVM (Short Paper)
Authors: Fleury Mathias , Lammich Peter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIsaSAT is the most advanced verified SAT solver, but it did not yet feature inprocessing (to simplify and strengthen clauses). In order to improve performance, we enriched the base calculus to not only do CDCL but also inprocess clauses. We also replaced the target of our code synthesis by Isabelle/LLVM. With these improvements, we can solve 4 times more SAT Competition 2022 problems than the original IsaSAT version, and 4.5 times more problems than any other verified SAT solver we are aware of. Additionally, our changes significantly reduce the trusted code base of our verification.
COOL 2 – A Generic Reasoner for Modal Fixpoint Logics (System Description)
Authors: Görlitz Oliver , Hausmann Daniel , Humml Merlin , Pattinson Dirk , Prucker Simon , Schröder Lutz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is a wide range of modal logics whose semantics goes beyond relational structures, and instead involves, e.g., probabilities, multi-player games, weights, or neighbourhood structures. Coalgebraic logic serves as a unifying semantic and algorithmic framework for such logics. It provides uniform reasoning algorithms that are easily instantiated to particular, concretely given logics. The COOL 2 reasoner provides an implementation of such generic algorithms for coalgebraic modal fixpoint logics. As concrete instances, we obtain in particular reasoners for the aconjunctive and alternation-free fragments of the graded $$\mu $$
μ
-calculus and the alternating-time $$\mu $$
μ
-calculus. We evaluate the tool on standard benchmark sets for fixpoint-free graded modal logic and alternating-time temporal logic (ATL), as well as on a dedicated set of benchmarks for the graded $$\mu $$
μ
-calculus.
Superposition with Delayed Unification
Authors: Bhayat Ahmed , Schoisswohl Johannes , Rawson Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClassically, in saturation-based proof systems, unification has been considered atomic. However, it is also possible to move unification to the calculus level, turning the steps of the unification algorithm into inferences. For calculi that rely on unification procedures returning large or even infinite sets of unifiers, integrating unification into the calculus is an attractive method of dovetailing unification and inference. This applies, for example, to AC-superposition and higher-order superposition. We show that first-order superposition remains complete when moving unification rules to the calculus level. We discuss some of the benefits this has even for standard first-order superposition and provide an experimental evaluation.
Towards a Verified Tableau Prover for a Quantifier-Free Fragment of Set Theory
Authors: Stevens Lukas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing Isabelle/HOL, we verify the state-of-the-art decision procedure for multi-level syllogistic with singleton (MLSS for short), which is a quantifier-free fragment of set theory. We formalise its syntax and semantics as well as a sound and complete tableau calculus for it. We also provide an executable specification of a decision procedure that exhaustively applies the rules of the calculus and prove its termination. Furthermore, we extend the calculus with a lightweight type system that paves the way for an integration of the procedure into Isabelle/HOL.
Decidability of Difference Logic over the Reals with Uninterpreted Unary Predicates
Authors: Boigelot Bernard , Fontaine Pascal , Vergain Baptiste 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFirst-order logic fragments mixing quantifiers, arithmetic, and uninterpreted predicates are often undecidable, as is, for instance, Presburger arithmetic extended with a single uninterpreted unary predicate. In the SMT world, difference logic is a quite popular fragment of linear arithmetic which is less expressive than Presburger arithmetic. Difference logic on integers with uninterpreted unary predicates is known to be decidable, even in the presence of quantifiers. We here show that (quantified) difference logic on real numbers with a single uninterpreted unary predicate is undecidable, quite surprisingly. Moreover, we prove that difference logic on integers, together with order on reals, combined with uninterpreted unary predicates, remains decidable.
SCL(FOL) Can Simulate Non-Redundant Superposition Clause Learning
Authors: Bromberger Martin , Jain Chaahat , Weidenbach Christoph 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe show that SCL(FOL) can simulate the derivation of non-redundant clauses by superposition for first-order logic without equality. Superposition-based reasoning is performed with respect to a fixed reduction ordering. The completeness proof of superposition relies on the grounding of the clause set. It builds a ground partial model according to the fixed ordering, where minimal false ground instances of clauses then trigger non-redundant superposition inferences. We define a respective strategy for the SCL calculus such that clauses learned by SCL and superposition inferences coincide. From this perspective the SCL calculus can be viewed as a generalization of the superposition calculus.
The Challenges of the Conservation of Earthen Sites in Seismic Areas
Authors: Cancino Claudia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDuring the 1990s, the Getty Conservation Institute (GCI) carried out a research and laboratory testing program, the Getty Seismic Adobe Project (GSAP), which investigated the performance of historic adobe structures during earthquakes and developed cost-effective retrofit methods that preserve the authenticity of these buildings. While the GSAP methodology was excellent and effective, it felt its reliance on high-tech materials, equipment and professional expertise was a deterrent to it being more widely implemented. To address this, the GCI initiated in 2009, the Seismic Retrofitting Project (SRP) with the objective of adapting the GSAP approach to better match the equipment, materials, and technical skills available in many countries with earthen sites located in seismic regions.The paper will analyze how the SRP was communicated and bought in by national and international stake holders, how high techniques analysis and low-key testing was combined to better understand the seismic performance of earthen sites, how the knowledge acquired in the process was disseminated among Peruvian and Latin American professionals, how two implementations’ projects were carried out and how a set of guidelines were adopted by Peruvian authorities.
Die resiliente Stadt: Forschungsstand in Deutschland, definitorische und konzeptionelle Überlegungen
Authors: Rink Dieter , Gebauer Ronald , Haase Annegret , Intelmann Dominik , Kabisch Sigrun , Kuhlicke Christian , Schmidt Anika 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Konzept bzw. Leitbild der resilienten Stadt wird in Deutschland seit etwas mehr als zehn Jahren in den urbanistischen Wissenschaften diskutiert. Es handelt sich dabei um ein relativ neues Stadtkonzept, das noch nicht besonders elaboriert ist. In der Stadtentwicklung, der Planung und der Politik wurde das Konzept bislang kaum angewandt, es hat vor allem Eingang in die Klima-Anpassung und jüngst in den Gesundheitsbereich gefunden. Extremereignisse haben dem Konzept wiederholt Auftrieb gegeben. Durch die aktuellen Krisen könnte einresilience turneingeleitet worden sein, dafür sprechen etwa Politiken der Bundesregierung oder neuere programmatische Texte.
Fassadenbegrünung als multifunktionales Anpassungsinstrument gegen Hitze: Ergebnisse des Leipziger Pilotprojekts „Lebendige Wände“
Authors: Karutz Raphael , Zozmann Heinrich , Wollschläger Niels , Schlink Uwe 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Potenziale von Fassadengrün (FG) für die Anpassung städtischer Quartiere an den Klimawandel sind vielfältig. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Frage, warum in Deutschland bisher so wenige Fassaden begrünt werden. Anhand von Literaturauswertung, Klimasimulationen und einer Befragung in zwei Leipziger Quartieren beleuchten wir unterschiedliche Resilienzeffekte von FG, insbesondere die Reduktion von Hitzestress. Es zeigen sich eine Vielzahl positiver Effekte und eine hohe Akzeptanz unter den Befragten. Die (geringe) direkte Kühlung der Umgebungsluft wird durch indirekte Effekte auf das Wohlbefinden ergänzt. Die Kritik der Bewohner*innen verweist auf konkrete Umsetzungsprobleme (mangelnde Pflege) und Informationsdefizite (Sorge vor steigenden Mieten).
Resilienter wiederaufbauen? Erste Thesen zur Rekonfiguration hydrosozialer Territorien nach dem Hochwasser 2021
Authors: Kuhlicke Christian , de Brito Mariana M. , Otto Danny , Reckhaus Zora 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Hochwasser 2021 zählt mit dem Verlust von 180 Menschenleben nicht nur zu den größten Naturkatastrophen, die Deutschland nach 1945 getroffen haben. Es ist auch eine weitere verpasste Chance, den Wiederaufbau konsequent zu nutzen, um resiliente und hochwasserangepasste Siedlungsstrukturen zu entwickeln. Mit Hilfe von Thesen werden erste Erklärungen präsentiert, die zeigen, aus welchen institutionellen, politischen, ökonomischen und sozialen Gründen ein besserer, d. h. resilienter Wiederaufbau derzeit nur vereinzelt verfolgt wird.
Das Stadtlabor Leipzig am UFZ
Authors: Banzhaf Ellen , Kabisch Sigrun , Rink Dieter 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Stadtlabor Leipzig am UFZ, kurz Leipzig Lab genannt, besprechen wir Themen und Forschungsfragen, diskutieren methodische Herangehensweisen, informieren über Datengrundlagen und Kooperationen mit Praxispartner*innen und stellen unsere Ergebnisse vor. Dieses Stadtlabor dient als Austausch-, Kommunikations- und Visualisierungsplattform von laufenden und geplanten inter- und transdisziplinären Projekten am UFZ, die in der Großstadt Leipzig durchgeführt werden. Hier können wir voneinander lernen, Mehrwert generieren und komplexe Forschungszusammenhänge angehen. Es ist Schaukasten unserer Forschungsaktivitäten für die nationale und internationale wissenschaftliche Gemeinschaft und die kommunale Praxis.
Value of patient-reported outcome measures for evaluating the benefit of speech processor upgrading in patients with cochlear implants
Authors: Lailach Susen , Lenz Alexander , Zahnert Thomas , Neudert Marcus 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with a cochlear implant (CI) should be evaluated for a new speech processor every 6 years. The aim of this analysis was to assess the subjective and audiological benefit of upgrades.

Methods
Speech understanding and subjective benefit were analyzed in 99 patients with the old and the new speech processor after 4 weeks of wearing. Speech understanding was assessed using the Freiburg monosyllabic test in quiet (FBE) at 65 dB and 80 dB, and the Oldenburg Sentence Test (OLSA) at 65 dB noise with adaptive speech sound level. The Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) was used to assess subjective hearing impairment, and the Audio Processor Satisfaction Questionnaire (APSQ) was used to assess subjective satisfaction.

Results
The speech processor upgrade resulted in a significant improvement of speech understanding in quiet at 65 dB (mean difference 8.9 ± 25.9 percentage points, p < 0.001) and 80 dB (mean difference 8.1 ± 29.7 percentage points, p < 0.001) and in noise (mean difference 3.2 ± 10.7 dB signal-to-noise ratio [S/N], p = 0.006). Using the APHAB, a significant improvement (mean difference 0.07 ± 0.16, p < 0.001) in hearing impairment was demonstrated in all listening situations. The APSQ showed significantly higher patient satisfaction with the new speech processor (mean difference 0.42 ± 1.26, p = 0.006). A comparative assessment of the benefit based on subjective and speech audiometric results identified a proportion of patients (35–42%) who subjectively benefited from the upgrade but had no measurable benefit based on speech audiometry.

Conclusion
There was a significant improvement in audiologically measurable and subjectively reflected speech understanding and patient satisfaction after the upgrade. In patients with only a small improvement in audiologically measurable speech understanding, the subjective benefit should also be assessed with validated measurement instruments in order to justify an upgrade to the payers in the health sector.
The plasma exosomes from patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome contain epithelial cell–derived proteins involved in ferroptosis
Authors: Peng Xin , Hou Lei , Wu Xue , Liu Zhengqi , Wang Yun , Zeng Ping , Yang Ying , Ma Wukai , Yang Peng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease represented by exocrine gland epithelial cell lesions. However, the mechanism underlying these lesions remains unclear. This study analyzed the plasma exosomes of pSS patients using proteomics and revealed the presence of 24 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) involved in the primary biological processes and signaling pathways related to ferroptosis. The DEPs enriched in the ferroptosis-related items were represented by downregulated ceruloplasmin (CP) and transferrin (TF). CC analysis of GO enrichment showed that CP and TF were localized at the apical plasma membrane, which is currently found only in epithelial cells. PPI analysis indicated that these exosomal DEPs formed a clustering network containing CP and TF. Among them, C5, C9, Haptoglobin (HP), and SERPING1 interacted directly with CP and TF. Notably, the expression of these proteins significantly decreased in both the pSS and secondary Sjögren’s syndrome (sSS) plasma exosomes but not in non-autoimmune sicca syndrome (nSS). In addition, their expression levels were significantly different in the exosomes and plasma. More importantly, the plasma and salivary exosomes of pSS patients contain higher levels of exocrine gland epithelial autoantigens SSA and SSB than those of healthy controls, and epithelial cells with positive labial glands biopsy (LGB) were more susceptible to ferroptosis than those with negative LGB. The results indicated that ferroptosis may be closely related to SS epithelial cell lesions.

Key messages
• pSS plasma exosomes contain epithelial cell–derived proteins involved in ferroptosis.
• Complement C5 and C9 may be new molecules involved in ferroptosis and play a crucial role in pSS epithelial cell pathology.
• The serum exosomes from pSS patients, not nSS patients, contain ferroptosis-related proteins.
• The changes in the ferroptosis-related protein content in the exosomes can better reflect the state of the epithelial cell lesions than those in the plasma.
One-stage cartilage repair using the autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis combined with simultaneous use of autologous adipose tissue graft and adipose tissue mesenchymal cells technique: clinical results and magnetic resonance imaging evaluation at five-year follow-up
Authors: Sciarretta Fabio Valerio , Ascani Claudio , Sodano Luca , Fossati Carolina , Campisi Silvana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate medium-term outcomes of knee cartilage defects repair by autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis combined with simultaneous use of autologous adipose tissue graft and adipose tissue mesenchymal cells, defined as LIPO-AMIC technique.

Methods
The LIPO-AMIC technique has been used in ICRS degree III–IV knee defects. Eighteen patients have been prospectively evaluated during two and five years both clinically and by MRI.

Results
Patients showed progressive significant improvement of all scores starting early at six months, and further increased values were noted till the last follow-up at 60 months. Mean subjective pre-operative IKDC score of 36.1 significantly increased to 86.4 at 24 months and to 87.2 at 60 months. Mean pre-operative Lysholm score of 44.4 reached 93.5 at two years and 93.5 at five years. MRI examination showed early subchondral lamina regrowth and progressive maturation of repair tissue and filling of defects. The mean total MOCART score showed that a significative improvement from two year follow-up (69.1 points) to last follow-up was 81.9 points (range, 30–100 points, SD 24). Complete filling of the defect at the level of the surrounding cartilage was found in 77.8%.

Conclusions
Adipose tissue can represent ideal source of MSCs since easiness of withdrawal and definite chondrogenic capacity. This study clearly demonstrated the LIPO-AMIC technique to be feasible for treatment of knee cartilage defects and to result in statistically significant progressive clinical, functional and pain improvement in all treated patients better than what reported for the AMIC standard technique, starting very early from the 6-month follow-up and maintaining the good clinical results more durably with stable results at mid-term follow-up.
A nonsense mutation in mouse Adamtsl2 causes uterine hypoplasia and an irregular estrous cycle
Authors: Iwanaga Yuka , Tsuji Kaori , Nishimura Ayaka , Tateishi Kouji , Kakiuchi Misa , Tsuji Takehito 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe spontaneous mutation stubby (stb) in mice causes chondrodysplasia and male infertility due to impotence through autosomal recessive inheritance. In this study, we conducted linkage analysis to localize the stb locus within a 1.6 Mb region on mouse chromosome 2 and identified a nonsense mutation in Adamtsl2 of stb/stb mice. Histological analysis revealed disturbed endochondral ossification with a reduced hypertrophic chondrocyte layer and stiff skin with a thickened dermal layer. These phenotypes are similar to those observed in humans and mice with ADAMTSL2/Adamtsl2 mutations. Moreover, stb/stb female mice exhibited severe uterine hypoplasia at 5 weeks of age and irregular estrous cycles at 10 weeks of age. In normal mice, Adamtsl2 was more highly expressed in the ovary and pituitary gland than in the uterus, and this expression was decreased in stb/stb mice. These findings suggest that Adamtsl2 may function in these organs rather than in the uterus. Thus, we analyzed Gh expression in the pituitary gland and plasma estradiol and IGF1 levels, which are required for the development of the female reproductive tract. There was no significant difference in Gh expression and estradiol levels, whereas IGF1 levels in stb/stb mice were significantly reduced to 54–59% of those in +/+ mice. We conclude that Adamtsl2 is required for the development of the uterus and regulation of the estrous cycle in female mice, and decreased IGF1 may be related to these abnormalities.
The atypical antidepressant tianeptine confers neuroprotection against oxygen–glucose deprivation
Authors: Ersoy Burcu , Herzog Marie-Louise , Pan Wen , Schilling Simone , Endres Matthias , Göttert Ria , Kronenberg Golo D. , Gertz Karen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProregenerative and neuroprotective effects of antidepressants are an important topic of inquiry in neuropsychiatric research. Oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) mimics key aspects of ischemic injury in vitro. Here, we studied the effects of 24-h pretreatment with serotonin (5-HT), citalopram (CIT), fluoxetine (FLU), and tianeptine (TIA) on primary mouse cortical neurons subjected to transient OGD. 5-HT (50 μM) significantly enhanced neuron viability as measured by MTT assay and reduced cell death and LDH release. CIT (10 μM) and FLU (1 μM) did not increase the effects of 5-HT and neither antidepressant conferred neuroprotection in the absence of supplemental 5-HT in serum-free cell culture medium. By contrast, pre-treatment with TIA (10 μM) resulted in robust neuroprotection, even in the absence of 5-HT. Furthermore, TIA inhibited mRNA transcription of candidate genes related to cell death and hypoxia and attenuated lipid peroxidation, a hallmark of neuronal injury. Finally, deep RNA sequencing of primary neurons subjected to OGD demonstrated that OGD induces many pathways relating to cell survival, the inflammation-immune response, synaptic dysregulation and apoptosis, and that TIA pretreatment counteracted these effects of OGD. In conclusion, this study highlights the comparative strength of the 5-HT independent neuroprotective effects of TIA and identifies the molecular pathways involved.
Retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy may be superior to laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy in terms of costs and profit: a retrospective pair-matched cohort analysis
Authors: Fischer Andreas , Schöffski Oliver , Nießen Anna , Hamm Alexander , Langan Ewan A. , Büchler Markus W. , Billmann Franck 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
A direct comparison of the cost–benefit analysis of retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (RPA) versus the minimally invasive transperitoneal access (LTA) approach is currently lacking. We hypothesized that RPA is more cost effective than LTA; promising significant savings for the healthcare system in an era of ever more limited resources.

Methods
We performed a monocentric retrospective observational cohort study based on data from our Endocrine Surgery Registry. Patients who were operated upon between 2019 and 2022 were included. After pair-matching, both cohorts (RPA vs. LTA) were compared for perioperative variables and treatment costs (process cost calculation), revenue and profit.

Results
Two homogenous cohorts of 43 patients each (RPA vs. LTA) were identified following matching. Patient characteristics between the cohorts were comparable. In terms of both treatment-associated costs and profit, the RPA procedure was superior to LTA (costs: US$5789.99 for RPA vs. US$6617.75 for LTA, P = 0.043; profit: US$1235.59 for RPA vs. US$653.33 for LTA, P = 0.027). The duration of inpatient treatment and comorbidities significantly influenced the cost of treatment and the overall profit.

Conclusions
RPA appears not only to offer benefits over LTA in terms of perioperative morbidity and length of hospital stay, but also has a superior financial cost/benefit profile.

Graphical abstract
Boundary regularity of an isotropically censored nonlocal operator
Authors: Chan Hardy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn a bounded domain, we consider a variable range nonlocal operator, which is maximally isotropic in the sense that its radius of interaction equals the distance to the boundary. We establish $$C^{1,\alpha }$$

C

1
,
α

boundary regularity and existence results for the Dirichlet problem.
Microsurgical resection of gliomas of the cingulate gyrus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Diaz Simon , Reyns Nicolas , Özduman Koray , Levivier Marc , Schulder Michael , Tuleasca Constantin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCingulate gyrus gliomas are rare among adult, hemispheric diffuse gliomas. Surgical reports are scarce. We performed a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis, with the aim of focusing on the extent of resection (EOR), WHO grade, and morbidity and mortality, after microsurgical resection of gliomas of the cingulate gyrus. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we reviewed articles published between January 1996 and December 2022 and referenced in PubMed or Embase. Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed clinical studies of microsurgical series reporting resection of gliomas of the cingulate gyrus. Primary outcome was EOR, classified as gross total (GTR) versus subtotal (STR) resection. Five studies reporting 295 patients were included. Overall GTR was 79.4% (range 64.1–94.7; I2= 88.13; p heterogeneity and p < 0.001), while STR was done in 20.6% (range 5.3–35.9; I2= 88.13; p heterogeneity < 0.001 and p= 0.008). The most common WHO grade was II, with an overall rate of 42.7% (24–61.5; I2= 90.9; p heterogeneity, p< 0.001). Postoperative SMA syndrome was seen in 18.6% of patients (10.4–26.8; I2= 70.8; p heterogeneity= 0.008, p< 0.001), postoperative motor deficit in 11% (3.9–18; I2= 18; p heterogeneity= 0.003, p= 0.002). This review found that while a GTR was achieved in a high number of patients with a cingulate glioma, nearly half of such patients have a postoperative deficit. This finding calls for a cautious approach in recommending and doing surgery for patients with cingulate gliomas and for consideration of new surgical and management approaches.