bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary valve infective endocarditis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus
Authors: Olatidoye Olajide A. , Samat Sajjaad H. , Yin Kanhua , Bates Michael J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInfective endocarditis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus is an uncommon event that, when it does occur, usually requires surgical valve replacement. The pulmonary valve is the least common heart valve involved in infective endocarditis. We present a rare case of isolated pulmonary valve endocarditis with Mycobacterium abscessus in a patient with recurrent sternal infections following repeated coronary artery bypass.
Overcoming challenges in conducting systematic reviews in implementation science: a methods commentary
Authors: Chapman Anna , Rankin Nicole M. , Jongebloed Hannah , Yoong Sze Lin , White Victoria , Livingston Patricia M. , Hutchinson Alison M. , Ugalde Anna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConsolidation of the literature using systematic reviews is a critical way to advance a discipline and support evidence-based decision-making in healthcare. However, unique challenges exist that impact the conduct of systematic reviews in implementation science. In this commentary, we reflect on our combined experience to describe five key challenges unique to systematic reviews of primary implementation research. These challenges include (1) descriptors used in implementation science publications, (2) distinction between evidence-based interventions and implementation strategies, (3) assessment of external validity, (4) synthesis of implementation studies with substantial clinical and methodological diversity, and (5) variability in defining implementation ‘success’. We outline possible solutions and highlight resources that can be used by authors of primary implementation research, as well as systematic review and editorial teams, to overcome the identified challenges and optimise the utility of future systematic reviews in implementation science.
Xylanase improves the intestinal barrier function of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with soybean (Glycine max) meal
Authors: Wang Tong , Zhou Nannan , He Junyi , Hao Zhenzhen , Zhou Chentao , Du Yidi , Du Zhenyu , Su Xiaoyun , Zhang Meiling 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background

Soybean (Glycine max) meal is one of the important protein sources for fish, but the non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) in soybean meal impair the intestinal barrier function. Here we aimed to investigate whether xylanase can alleviate the adverse effects on the gut barrier induced by soybean meal in Nile tilapia and to explore the possible mechanism.

Results
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (4.09 ± 0.02 g) were fed with two diets including SM (soybean meal) and SMC (soybean meal + 3,000 U/kg xylanase) for 8 weeks. We characterized the effects of xylanase on the gut barrier, and the transcriptome analysis was performed to investigate the underlying mechanism. Dietary xylanase improved intestinal morphology and decreased the concentration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in serum. The results of transcriptome and Western blotting showed that dietary xylanase up-regulated the expression level of mucin2 (MUC2) which may be related to the inhibition of protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (perk)/activating transcription factor 4 (atf4) signaling pathways. Microbiome analysis showed that addition of xylanase in soybean meal altered the intestinal microbiota composition and increased the concentration of butyric acid in the gut. Notably, dietary sodium butyrate was supplemented into the soybean meal diet to feed Nile tilapia, and the data verified that sodium butyrate mirrored the beneficial effects of xylanase.

Conclusions
Collectively, supplementation of xylanase in soybean meal altered the intestinal microbiota composition and increased the content of butyric acid which can repress the perk/atf4 signaling pathway and increase the expression of muc2 to enhance the gut barrier function of Nile tilapia. The present study reveals the mechanism by which xylanase improves the intestinal barrier, and it also provides a theoretical basis for the application of xylanase in aquaculture.
Punch-excised explants of bovine mammary gland to model early immune response to infection
Authors: Noleto Pablo Gomes , Gilbert Florence B. , Rossignol Christelle , Cunha Patricia , Germon Pierre , Rainard Pascal , Martins Rodrigo Prado 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Mammary gland (MG) infections (mastitis) are frequent diseases of dairy cows that affect milk quality, animal welfare and farming profitability. These infections are commonly associated with the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Different in vitro models have been used to investigate the early response of the MG to bacteria, but the role of the teat in mastitis pathogenesis has received less attention. In this study, we used punch-excised teat tissue as an ex vivo model to study the immune mechanisms that arise early during infection when bacteria have entered the MG.

Results
Cytotoxicity and microscopic analyses showed that bovine teat sinus explants have their morphology and viability preserved after 24 h of culture and respond to ex vivo stimulation with TLR-agonists and bacteria. LPS and E. coli trigger stronger inflammatory response in teat when compared to LTA and S. aureus, leading to a higher production of IL-6 and IL-8, as well as to an up-regulation of proinflammatory genes. We also demonstrated that our ex vivo model can be applied to frozen-stored explants.

Conclusions
In compliance with the 3Rs principle (replacement, reduction and refinement) in animal experimentation, ex vivo explant analyses proved to be a simple and affordable approach to study MG immune response to infection. This model, which better reproduces organ complexity than epithelial cell cultures or tissue slices, lends itself particularly well to studying the early phases of the MG immune response to infection.
Alzheimer’s disease: using gene/protein network machine learning for molecule discovery in olive oil
Authors: Rita Luís , Neumann Natalie R. , Laponogov Ivan , Gonzalez Guadalupe , Veselkov Dennis , Pratico Domenico , Aalizadeh Reza , Thomaidis Nikolaos S. , Thompson David C. , Vasiliou Vasilis , Veselkov Kirill 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) poses a profound human, social, and economic burden. Previous studies suggest that extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) may be helpful in preventing cognitive decline. Here, we present a network machine learning method for identifying bioactive phytochemicals in EVOO with the highest potential to impact the protein network linked to the development and progression of the AD. A balanced classification accuracy of 70.3 ± 2.6% was achieved in fivefold cross-validation settings for predicting late-stage experimental drugs targeting AD from other clinically approved drugs. The calibrated machine learning algorithm was then used to predict the likelihood of existing drugs and known EVOO phytochemicals to be similar in action to the drugs impacting AD protein networks. These analyses identified the following ten EVOO phytochemicals with the highest likelihood of being active against AD: quercetin, genistein, luteolin, palmitoleate, stearic acid, apigenin, epicatechin, kaempferol, squalene, and daidzein (in the order from the highest to the lowest likelihood). This in silico study presents a framework that brings together artificial intelligence, analytical chemistry, and omics studies to identify unique therapeutic agents. It provides new insights into how EVOO constituents may help treat or prevent AD and potentially provide a basis for consideration in future clinical studies.
Phenotypic variability to medication management: an update on fragile X syndrome
Authors: Elhawary Nasser A. , AlJahdali Imad A. , Abumansour Iman S. , Azher Zohor A. , Falemban Alaa H. , Madani Wefaq M. , Alosaimi Wafaa , Alghamdi Ghydda , Sindi Ikhlas A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis review discusses the discovery, epidemiology, pathophysiology, genetic etiology, molecular diagnosis, and medication-based management of fragile X syndrome (FXS). It also highlights the syndrome’s variable expressivity and common comorbid and overlapping conditions. FXS is an X-linked dominant disorder associated with a wide spectrum of clinical features, including but not limited to intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, language deficits, macroorchidism, seizures, and anxiety. Its prevalence in the general population is approximately 1 in 5000–7000 men and 1 in 4000–6000 women worldwide. FXS is associated with the fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMR1) gene located at locus Xq27.3 and encodes the fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein (FMRP). Most individuals with FXS have an FMR1 allele with > 200 CGG repeats (full mutation) and hypermethylation of the CpG island proximal to the repeats, which silences the gene’s promoter. Some individuals have mosaicism in the size of the CGG repeats or in hypermethylation of the CpG island, both produce some FMRP and give rise to milder cognitive and behavioral deficits than in non-mosaic individuals with FXS. As in several monogenic disorders, modifier genes influence the penetrance of FMR1 mutations and FXS’s variable expressivity by regulating the pathophysiological mechanisms related to the syndrome’s behavioral features. Although there is no cure for FXS, prenatal molecular diagnostic testing is recommended to facilitate early diagnosis. Pharmacologic agents can reduce some behavioral features of FXS, and researchers are investigating whether gene editing can be used to demethylate the FMR1 promoter region to improve patient outcomes. Moreover, clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 and developed nuclease defective Cas9 (dCas9) strategies have promised options of genome editing in gain-of-function mutations to rewrite new genetic information into a specified DNA site, are also being studied.
Regional differences in oceanic migratory behavior of Japanese silver eel in waters with different vertical temperature gradients
Authors: Abe Takaaki K. , Galang Ishmerai , Daryani Ayu , Minamikawa Shingo , Mochioka Noritaka , Hakoyama Hiroshi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The Japanese eel Anguilla japonica has a single spawning area on the west coast of the Mariana Islands, and the larvae disperse widely via the North Equatorial Current and the Kuroshio Current to freshwater and coastal areas of East Asia for nursery and growth habitats. Spawning adults reared in their respective habitats begin their migration to spawn from September to February, but little is known about regional differences in migration routes, their contribution to spawning populations, or their migratory behavior. To better understand the spawning migrations of Japanese eels, we tracked adult migratory stage eels (silver eels) captured in coastal areas of three regions (Tokai region, Sea of Japan coastline, and Tohoku region) from October 2019 to February 2020 using pop-up satellite archival tags.

Results
Twenty-three tagged eels were released in each coastal area, and data were collected on 15 eels for a maximum of 59 days. Eels released in the Tokai region migrated southeast along the Kuroshio Current. On the other hand, eels on the Sea of Japan coastline and in the Tohoku region tended to migrate westward and southward against the ocean current, respectively, but no eels from either region reached waters near the Kuroshio Current. In addition, the present study found region-specific vertical movement patterns among the eels. Eels from the Tokai region showed typical diurnal vertical movements, while an eel from the Sea of Japan coastline repeated non-diurnal vertical movements, which was attributed to regional differences in bathymetry and water mass structure. Except for one eel suspected of being preyed upon, all other eels did not venture into depth zones with temperatures below 4 $$^{\circ }\textrm{C}$$

∘

C

, thus suggesting that the maximum depth of vertical movement is limited by water temperature.

Conclusions
This study provided new insights into the migratory behavior of Japanese silver eel from the Sea of Japan coastline and the Tohoku region, but further long-term tracking is required to reveal the fate of the spawning adults from the coast of Japan.
Charting the motivation, self-efficacy beliefs, language learning strategies, and achievement of multilingual university students learning Arabic as a foreign language
Authors: Calafato Raees 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResearch on the relationship between students’ language learning motivation (LLM), language learning strategies (LLS), self-efficacy beliefs (SEB), and achievement in non-European languages has been both limited and overwhelmingly cross-sectional, often with little attention paid to their multilingualism. Combining complex dynamic systems and sociocultural perspectives, this article reports on a study that explored changes in the LLM, LLS, and SEB trajectories of two multilingual students taking Arabic at a university in Norway over two semesters, including how these trajectories, alongside their multilingual competence, related to their achievement in the course. Data were gathered through weekly semi-structured interviews and a rating scale-based log that the participants kept of their LLM and SEB, as well as their exam scores over two semesters. The results indicated that, although their LLS remained fairly consistent or grew more diversified, the participants were not completely successful in maintaining or boosting their LLM, SEB, or achievement. However, the use of more varied digital LLS appeared to prevent their LLM and SEB from further weakening. Moreover, participants’ LLM and SEB trajectories were susceptible to changes based on different timescales in that mesogenetic events had a more pronounced effect on one participant while the other was more sensitive to microgenetic events. Finally, despite both participants being multilingual, they were unable to benefit from their multilingual competence past the first semester, indicating that not all manifestations of multilingual competence are useful over time, especially when such competence does not contain a multilingual morphosyntactic awareness component.
Outcomes and influential factors in functional and dental rehabilitation following microvascular fibula flap reconstruction in the maxillomandibular region: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tahmasebi Elahe , Keykha Elham , Hajisadeghi Samira , Moslemi Hamidreza , Shafiei Shervin , Motamedi Mohammad Hosein Kalantar , Torabizadeh Arman , Tabrizi Reza , Alam Mostafa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the factors influencing and success rates of dental implants for functional and dental rehabilitation following microvascular fibula flap reconstruction in the maxillomandibular region.

Main text
We conducted a comprehensive search of electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane’s CENTRAL, as well as gray literature sources and manual searches of notable journals. The search was performed from inception until February 2023. Studies were included if they examined functional and dental rehabilitation outcomes in patients receiving maxillofacial reconstruction using microvascular fibula flaps and were retrospective or prospective cohort studies involving human subjects. Case–control studies, research involving other reconstruction methods, and animal-based studies were excluded. Data was extracted and confirmed by two independent researchers, and risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were conducted for dental implant and graft success rate, with separate analyses for different factors affecting the outcome. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and the I2 test. The pooled success rate for implants was 92% and for grafts, 95%, with significant heterogeneity. Implants in fibular grafts had a 2.91 times higher failure rate than those in natural bones. Radiated bone and smoking were identified as factors influencing implant failure, with radiated bone having a 2.29 times higher risk and smokers having a 3.16 times higher risk compared to their respective counterparts. Patient-reported outcomes showed improvements in key areas such as dietary intake, mastication, speech, and esthetics. The success rates declined over time, emphasizing the importance of long-term follow-up.

Conclusions
Dental implants in free fibula grafts generally have favorable success rates, with minimal bone resorption, manageable probing depths, and limited bleeding on probing. Implant success is influenced by factors such as smoking and radiated bone.
Effect of hollow fiber diameter and membrane surface area of polymethyl methacrylate membrane on filter lifetime
Authors: Kurihara Yoshitaka , Kokubo Kenichi , Kobayashi Yuta , Ushiroda Yosuke , Ueki Shunichi , Tsukao Hiroshi , Kobayashi Kozue , Kubota Masaru , Kobayashi Hirosuke 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
When polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) membranes are used in continuous renal replacement therapy, especially in patients with high cytokine levels, inflammatory cytokines and other substances are removed by the adsorption effect. However, such filters are prone to clogging, and the filter lifetime can be short. This study investigated the effects of hollow fiber inner diameter and membrane area on filter lifetime and protein removal performance using an in vitro continuous hemofiltration (CHF) experimental model with porcine blood.

Methods
Three types of filters with different hollow fiber inner diameters and membrane areas were used: CH-1.0N (membrane material, PMMA; membrane area, 1.0 m2; hollow fiber inner diameter, 200 µm), CH-1.0W (prototype: PMMA; 1.0 m2; 240 µm), and CH-1.8W (PMMA; 1.8 m2; 240 µm). During the experiment, pressure changes, filter lifetime measured from pressure and protein removal performance were measured using an in vitro CHF experimental model with porcine blood.

Results
The filter lifetime of CH-1.8W was significantly longer than those of CH-1.0N and CH-1.0W. The total protein adsorption was significantly higher for the CH-1.0W and CH-1.8W filters than for the CH-1.0N filter.

Conclusions
A larger membrane area from 1.0 to 1.8 m2 contributed to a longer filter lifetime, while an increase in the hollow fiber inner diameter from 200 to 240 µm did not. On the other hand, the protein removal performance, especially the adsorption performance, was higher for membranes with a larger hollow fiber inner diameter from 200 to 240 µm.
Distribution network state estimation based on attention-enhanced recurrent neural network pseudo-measurement modeling
Authors: Wang Yaojian , Gu Jie , Yuan Lyuzerui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBecause there is insufficient measurement data when implementing state estimation in distribution networks, this paper proposes an attention-enhanced recurrent neural network (A-RNN)-based pseudo-measurement modeling metho. First, based on analyzing the power series at the source and load end in the time and frequency domains, a period-dependent extrapolation model is established to characterize the power series in those domains. The complex mapping functions in the model are automatically represented by A-RNNs to obtain an A-RNNs-based period-dependent pseudo-measurement generation model. The distributed dynamic state estimation model of the distribution network is established, and the pseudo-measurement data generated by the model in real time is used as the input of the state estimation model together with the measurement data. The experimental results show that the method proposed can explore in depth the complex sequence characteristics of the measurement data such that the accuracy of the pseudo-measurement data is further improved. The results also show that the state estimation accuracy of a distribution network is very poor when there is a lack of measurement data, but is greatly improved by adding the pseudo-measurement data generated by the model proposed.
Community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes toward epilepsy and availability of antiepileptic drugs in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)
Authors: Dabilgou Alfred Anselme , Ouédraogo Emile , Dravé Alassane , Kyelem Julie Marie Adeline Wendlamita , Savadogo Wendémi Jean-Noël Wendbénédo , Napon Christian , Millogo Athanase , Karfo Kapouni , Kaboré Jean 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe community pharmacists educate patients and their families concerning the development of adherence to their therapy, and then improving health-related quality of life for those patients. Our study aims to describe the management of epilepsy in pharmaceutical pharmacies in a low income country.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study carried out in the pharmaceutical pharmacies of the city of Ouagadougou during a period of 2 months, from November 15 to December 15, 2020.ResultsFifty six pharmacists with a mean age of 41 ± 12.73 years were included in the study. Of them, 7.14% received specific training on epilepsy. Respondents with good knowledge about epilepsy were 48.21%. The level of “good knowledge” was significantly higher among respondents who had received specific training in epilepsy and among those with more than 15 years of experience as a dispensary pharmacist. The experience of more than 15 years was the factor significantly associated with a level of good knowledge about epilepsy. Regarding the seizure first aid management, the majority of pharmacists knew the attitudes of seizure first aid management by citing the lateral security position (83.9%). Phenobarbital was the most widely used antiepileptic drug in 96.43%. In 47.17% (n = 53) of pharmacies, demand exceeded supply.ConclusionsEffort must be put on the supply of antiepileptic drugs and the training of health personnel.
Peripheral visual field defect of vigabatrin in pediatric epilepsy: A review
Authors: Pathan Umme Habeeba A. , Shetty Navapreetha , Anhar Safiya , Mayya Reshma 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVigabatrin is the medication used for the treatment of infantile spasms and refractory complex partial seizures, but its usage has always been contradictory due to its effect on vision. This review focuses on the registry, mechanism of injury, animal study, pharmacokinetics, risk factors, efficacy, safety and precautions of vigabatrin. The first visual defect with vigabatrin use was detected in 1997. This led to initiation of many trials including compulsory registration of patients in Sabril registry. The site of toxicity is found to be inner retina where vigabatrin tends to inhibit densely gamma amino butyric acid-C (GABA-C) receptors resulting in intoxication of visual field and also genetic variations held responsible for the injury. The toxicological studies of vigabatrin on various animals reveal different physiology, deficiency of taurine and light can effect on visual field and its related cells. Only thing need to be monitored with use of vigabatrin is visual field because it is well absorbed, with zero protein binding and no necessary dosage adjustment. The effect of vigabatrin is seen to vary with age, duration of therapy, cumulative dose and gender. The efficacy differs in various studies for different forms of epilepsy and so does the safety. Precautions are needed to be followed regarding use of vigabatrin by considering the risk versus benefit ratio for each and every individual and also discussing with the patient’s caregivers. The ultimate goal in treating with vigabatrin for any form of epilepsy is the good clinical response.