bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of indium and selenium co-doping on structural and thermoelectric properties of Bi2Te3 alloys
Authors: Hegde Ganesh Shridhar , Prabhu A. N. , Chattopadhyay M. K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe melt-grown, indium and selenium co-doped Bi2Te3 single-crystal system is studied with a purpose to improve and analyze the thermoelectric performance in the low and near room-temperature range (10–400 K). The influence of co-dopants on the crystalline perfection, symmetry, dislocation, and single-crystal quality is investigated using high-resolution X-ray diffraction. The surface morphological features show the existence of small-angle grain boundaries, white patches, and tilt boundaries. Degenerate type of semiconducting behavior is seen in all the samples over the entire temperature range. The existence of small polarons is experimentally inferred from temperature-dependent electrical resistivity. Measurement of Seebeck coefficient confirms p- to n-type transition in the crystals doped with indium and selenium. The total thermal conductivity at 11 K was decreased by 3.4 times in (Bi0.98In0.02)2Te2.7Se0.3 as compared to pristine sample. Therefore, this novel co-doped indium and selenium Bi2Te3 single-crystal combination is viable to use as a competitor for low and near-room-temperature thermoelectric applications.
Green Bionanocomposites Based on Polyhydroxybutyrate and Filled with Cellulose Nanocrystals: Melting Processing and Characterization
Authors: Schmidt Anja , Bittmann-Hennes Birgit , Montero Belén , Wetzel Bernd , Barral Luis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article contributes to the understanding of biobased and biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) bionanocomposites melt processed by pre-industrial methods such as extrusion and injection molding and reinforced by weight contents of 1 and 3 wt% of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) derived from waste streams of the paper industry. Ultrasonic treatment was used for dispersion of the CNC, which was followed by transmission electron microscopy. The thermal properties and the crystallization behavior of bionanocomposites were studied by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning analysis, X-ray diffraction and polarized optical microscopy. Investigations on the bending properties were carried out in conjunction with the analysis of their dynamic mechanical behavior. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the fracture surface. All these analyses give a deep insight into their structure-property relationship. The moisture absorption measurements and gas barrier properties analysis made to the processed bionanocomposites have provided an insight into their behavior under environmental conditions. The PHB bionanocomposites with a low content of 1 wt% CNC were found to have the best dispersion quality, which had a positive effect on almost all mechanical and thermal properties. The increase in crystallinity with the incorporation of CNC also contributed to an improvement in mechanical properties. In addition, the bionanocomposites show a slightly lower tendency to absorb moisture and better barrier properties to oxygen and water vapor. These findings showed that these bionanocomposites are suitable for use in the packaging industry.
Graphical Abstract
HJB Equations and Stochastic Control on Half-Spaces of Hilbert Spaces
Authors: Calvia Alessandro , Cappa Gianluca , Gozzi Fausto , Priola Enrico 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study a first extension of the theory of mild solutions for Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equations in Hilbert spaces to the case where the domain is not the whole space. More precisely, we consider a half-space as domain, and a semilinear HJB equation. Our main goal is to establish the existence and the uniqueness of solutions to such HJB equations, which are continuously differentiable in the space variable. We also provide an application of our results to an exit-time optimal control problem, and we show that the corresponding value function is the unique solution to a semilinear HJB equation, possessing sufficient regularity to express the optimal control in feedback form. Finally, we give an illustrative example.
Landscape context importance for predicting forest transition success in central Panama
Authors: Bardino Giulia , Di Fonzo Gianrico , Walker Kendra , Vitale Marcello , Hall Jefferson S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Context
Naturally recovering secondary forests are frequently re-cleared before they can recover to pre-disturbance conditions. Identifying landscape factors associated with persistence success will help planning cost-efficient and effective forest restoration.

Objectives
The ability of secondary forest to persist is an often undervalued requisite for long-term ecosystem restoration. Here we identify the landscape context for naturally regenerated forests to persist through time within central Panama.

Methods
We developed a random forest classification (RFC) calibration method to identify areas with high (≥ 90%) and low (< 90%) likelihood of forest persistence success based on their spatial relation with nine landscape explanatory variables.

Results
The RFC model discriminated between secondary forests areas that persisted and did not persisted with an error rate of 2%. By tuning, we obtained a precision of 0.94 (94%) in the validation test. The two most important explanatory variables involved in the persistence dynamic were elevation and distance to the nearest rural area. Naturally regenerated forests lasted longer in patches that were closer to both Gatun and Alajuela Lakes as to protected areas, but further from rural communities, roads, urban areas and in patches with higher elevation and steeper slopes.

Conclusion
By tracking remote sensed, landscape context metrics of easy collection, we developed a prediction map of central Panama areas with high (≥ 90%) and low (> 90%) probability of natural forest regeneration and persistence success within the next 30 years. This map represents a basis for management decisions and future investigations for effective, long-term forest-landscape restoration.
Demographics, Birth Parameters, and Social Determinants of Health Among Opioid-Exposed Mother-Infant Dyads Affected by Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome in Pennsylvania, 2018–2019
Authors: Decker Caryn M. , Mahar Mohsin , Howells Callie L. , Ma Zhen-qiang , Goetz Carrie Thomas , Watkins Sharon M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To characterize demographics, birth parameters, and social determinants of health among mother-infant dyads affected by neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in Pennsylvania.

Methods
We linked 2018–2019 NAS surveillance data to birth record data using probabilistic methods and then geospatially linked to local social determinants of health data based on residential address. We generated descriptive statistics and used multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to model the association between maternal characteristics, birth parameters, social determinants of health, and NAS.

Results
In adjusted models maternal age > 24, non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity, low educational attainment, Medicaid as payor at delivery, inadequate or no prenatal care, smoking during pregnancy, and low median household income were associated with NAS. We found no significant associations between NAS and county-level measures of clinician supply, number of substance use treatment facilities, or urban/rural designation.

Conclusions for Practice
This study characterizes mother-infant dyads affected by NAS using linked non-administrative, population data for Pennsylvania. Results demonstrate a social gradient in NAS and inequity in prenatal care receipt among mothers of infants with NAS. Findings may inform implementation of state-based public health interventions.
Moderate Multidimensional Poverty Index: Paving the Way Out of Poverty
Authors: Alkire Sabina , Kövesdi Fanni , Scheja Elina , Vollmer Frank 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEradicating poverty in all its forms, everywhere, requires indicators that measure sustainable pathways out of poverty, and not only the absence of acute poverty. This paper introduces a trial Moderate Multidimensional Poverty Index (MMPI) that reflects moderate rather than acute levels of multidimensional poverty. The MMPI adjusts nine of the 10 indicators of the global Multidimensional Poverty Index (global MPI) to reflect moderate poverty and create a meaningful superset of the acutely poor population. Although data-constrained, the trial MMPI outlines a methodology and potential indicators for a measure that would: (i) be meaningful and comparable across populations at higher levels of development; (ii) align with higher standards defined in Agenda 2030; and (iii) provide insight into aspects of intrahousehold deprivation. The MMPI is illustrated empirically using nationally representative household surveys from Bangladesh, Guatemala, Iraq, Serbia, Tanzania and Thailand. The results confirm the added value of having three nested measures of destitution, acute, and moderate multidimensional poverty. The MMPI also complements monetary measures with informative differences in poverty levels observed. The results demonstrate that a Moderate MPI is a desirable global poverty index, which is likely to illuminate thus far hidden aspects in of multidimensional poverty, such as intrahousehold deprivations in education. Challenges remain regarding data availability, and further study across additional countries is required before the MMPI structure can be finalised.
Distinct resting-state functional connectivity patterns of Anterior Insula affected by smoking in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Zhang Tianyi , Zeng Qingze , Li Kaicheng , Liu Xiaocao , Fu Yanv , Qiu Tiantian , Huang Peiyu , Luo Xiao , Liu Zhirong , Peng Guoping ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
Published: May 2023

AbstractSmoking is a modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The insula plays a vital role in both smoking and cognition. However, the smoking effects on insula-related networks in cognitively normal controls (CN) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients remain unknown. We identified 129 CN (85 non-smokers and 44 smokers) and 83 MCI (54 non-smokers and 29 smokers). Each underwent neuropsychological assessment and MRI (structural and resting-state functional). Seed-based functional analyses in the anterior and posterior insula were performed to calculate the functional connectivity (FC) with voxels in the whole brain. Mixed-effect analyses were performed to explore the interactive effects on smoking and cognitive status. Associations between FC and neuropsychological scales were assessed. Mixed-effect analyses revealed the FC differences between the right anterior insula (RAI) with the left middle temporal gyrus (LMTG) and that with the right inferior parietal lobule (RIPL) (p < 0.01, cluster level < 0.05, two-tailed, gaussian random field correction). The FC of RAI in both LMTG and RIPL sees a significant decrease in MCI smokers (p < 0.01). Smoking affects insula FC differently between MCI and CN, and could decrease the insula FC in MCI patients. Our study provides evidence of neural mechanisms between smoking and AD.
Sweetpotato storage root formation as affected by soil organic amendment applications
Authors: Dong Hong Tham , Li Yujuan , Brown Philip , Xu Cheng-Yuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOrganic amendments have been utilised as a source of nutrients to improve the growth and yield of many crops, including sweetpotato. However, none of the studies examined the relationship between organic amendments and the initiation of sweetpotato storage roots (SRs). A study was conducted in sweetpotato Orleans cultivar to investigate anatomical changes to roots during storage root formation aiming to elicit if organic amendment affects SR formation by changing soil available nitrogen (N) concentration. Two locally available organic amendments including poultry manure (PM) and sugarcane trash (SCT), were used in this experiment at different rates. Six treatments were included in the study: unamended soil (control), unamended soil with chemical fertiliser, PM 22 Mg/ha, PM 66 Mg/ha, SCT 10 Mg/ha and SCT 30 Mg/ha. Compared with unamended control, SCT application at both rates, 10 or 30 Mg ha−1, significantly promoted the formation of SRs and reduced root lignification, while PM amendment from 22 to 66 Mg ha−1 significantly inhibited SR initiation and enhanced the formation of lignified roots, which appear to be associated to high soil available N caused by PM addition. During the SR initiation, all amended treatments increased N accumulation in plants compared to the control. These results indicated that excessive soil available N introduced by PM amendment could inhibit the formation of SR of sweetpotato. Thus, when applying a lower rate of PM to sweetpotato, and planting should be delayed from 2 to 3 weeks after amending to avoid the detrimental effect on SR initiation. Excessively high rates of PM soil amendment (66 Mg ha−1) should be avoided. A suitable rate of SCT may be applied (~ 10 Mg ha−1 in this study) to promote SR formation of sweetpotato in soil with adequate available N level, but high rates could lead to immobilisation of N and suppress crop growth.
The utility of cemented femoral stems in modern THA: a 10-year comparative analysis of the Charnley and Exeter stems
Authors: White-Gibson Ailbhe , Sheridan Gerard Anthony , Ghetti Adrian Cassar , Keogh Peter , Kenny Paddy , Cashman James Patrick 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Total hip replacement (THR) is one of the most common surgical procedures performed worldwide. The controversy surrounding the relative merits of a cemented composite beam or cemented taper-slip stem in total hip replacement continues. Our aims primarily were to assess the 10-year outcomes of cemented stems using Charnley and Exeter prostheses with regional registry data and secondarily to assess the main predictors of revision.

Methods
We prospectively collected registry data for procedures performed between January 2005 and June 2008. Only cemented Charnley and Exeter stems were included. Patients were prospectively reviewed at 6 months, 2, 5 and 10 years. The primary outcome measure was a 10-year all-cause revision. Secondary outcomes included ‘re-revision’, ‘mortality’ and functional ‘Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index’ (WOMAC) scores.

Results
We recorded a total of 1351 cases in the cohort, 395 Exeter and 956 Charnley stems. The overall all-cause revision rate at 10 years was 1.6%. The revision rate for Charnley stem was 1.4% and 2.3% revision rate for all Exeter stems with no significant difference noted between the two cohorts (p = 0.24). The overall time to revision was 38.3 months. WOMAC scores at 10 years were found to be insignificantly higher for Charnley stems (mean 23.8, σ = 20.11) compared to Exeter stems (mean 19.78, σ = 20.72) (p = 0.1).

Conclusion
There is no significant difference between cemented Charnley and Exeter stems; they both perform well above the international average. The decline in the use of cemented THA is not fully supported by this regional registry data.
Anatomical considerations for reducing ocular emergencies during spaceflight
Authors: Waisberg Ethan , Ong Joshua , Masalkhi Mouayad , Lee Andrew G. , Berdahl John 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The privatization of space travel is opening civilian spaceflight to an unprecedented number of individuals now and in the immediate future. The increase in the number and diversity of space travelers will mean increased exposure to both physiologic and pathologic changes observed during acute and prolonged microgravity.

Aims
In this paper, we describe the anatomic, physiologic, and pharmacologic factors to consider that impact acute angle-closure glaucoma risk during spaceflight.

Conclusions
Based on these factors, we elaborate upon areas of medical considerations and provide future recommendations that may aid in reducing the risk of acute angle-closure glaucoma in the next era of spaceflight.
EIF4A3-Induced Exosomal circLRRC8A Alleviates Granulosa Cells Senescence Via the miR-125a-3p/NFE2L1 axis
Authors: Xing Jie , Zhang Mengxue , Zhao Shijie , Lu Mingjun , Lin Li , Chen Lu , Gao Wujiang , Li Wenxin , Shang Junyu , Zhou Jiamin , Zhu Xiaolan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPremature ovarian failure (POF) is an important cause of female infertility and seriously impacts the physical and psychological health of patients. Mesenchymal stromal cells-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exos) have an essential role in the treatment of reproductive disorders, particularly POF. However, the biological function and therapeutic mechanism of MSCs exosomal circRNAs in POF remain to be determined. Here, with bioinformatics analysis and functional assays, circLRRC8A was found to be downregulated in senescent granulosa cells (GCs) and acted as a crucial factor in MSCs-Exos for oxidative damage protection and anti-senescence of GCs in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that circLRRC8A served as an endogenous miR-125a-3p sponge to downregulate NFE2L1 expression. Moreover, eukaryotic initiation factor 4A3 (EIF4A3), acting as a pre-mRNA splicing factor, promoted circLRRC8A cyclization and expression by directly binding to the LRRC8A mRNA transcript. Notably, EIF4A3 silencing reduced circLRRC8A expression and attenuated the therapeutic effect of MSCs-Exos on oxidatively damaged GCs. This study demonstrates a new therapeutic pathway for cellular senescence protection against oxidative damage by delivering circLRRC8A-enriched exosomes through the circLRRC8A/miR-125a-3p/NFE2L1 axis and paves the way for the establishment of a cell-free therapeutic approach for POF. CircLRRC8A may be a promising circulating biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis and an exceptional candidate for further therapeutic exploration.Graphical Abstract
Cheiloscopy in sex estimation: a systematic review
Authors: Chaves Tânia , Azevedo Álvaro , Caldas Inês Morais 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to conduct a systematic review to gather evidence to clarify if cheiloscopy can be used in sex estimation and identify the reasons behind the lack of consensus in the scientific community. The systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. A bibliographic survey was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, restricted to articles published between 2010 and 2020. Studies were selected according to eligibility criteria, and then the study data were collected. The risk of bias in each study was assessed and applied as additional inclusion or exclusion criteria. The results of the articles eligible for analysis were synthesized using a descriptive approach. In the 41 included studies, several methodological flaws and variations between studies that contribute to the discrepancy in results were identified. The data gathered allowed us to conclude that there is no strong scientific evidence to support the use of cheiloscopy in sex estimation, as there is no specific pattern for each sex, which reduces the criminalistic interest of cheiloscopy in estimating this parameter.
Response times in Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA): shedding light on the response process with a drift diffusion model
Authors: Schneider Stefan , Hernandez Raymond , Junghaenel Doerte U. , Orriens Bart , Lee Pey-Jiuan , Stone Arthur A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Mental processes underlying people’s responses to Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) have rarely been studied. In cognitive psychology, one of the most popular and successful mental process models is the drift diffusion model. It decomposes response time (RT) data to distinguish how fast information is accessed and processed (“drift rate”), and how much information is accessed and processed (“boundary separation”). We examined whether the drift diffusion model could be successfully applied to people’s RTs for EMA questions and could shed light on between- and within-person variation in the mental process components underlying momentary reports. We analyzed EMA data (up to 6 momentary surveys/day for one week) from 954 participants in the Understanding America Study (29,067 completed measurement occasions). An item-response-theory diffusion model was applied to RTs associated with 5 momentary negative affect ratings. As hypothesized, both diffusion model parameters showed moderate stability across EMA measurement occasions. Drift rate and boundary separation together explained a majority of the variance in the observed RTs and demonstrated correspondence across different sets of EMA items, both within and between individuals. The parameters related in theoretically expected ways to within-person changes in activities (momentary work and recreation) and person-level characteristics (neuroticism and depression). Drift rate increased and boundary separation decreased over the study, suggesting that practice effects in EMA consist of multiple distinctive cognitive processes. The results support the reliability and validity of the diffusion model parameters derived from EMA and provide initial evidence that the model may enhance understanding of process underlying EMA affect ratings.
Investigating Complex Geometrical Features in LPBF-Produced Parts: A Material-Based Comparison Between Different Titanium Alloys
Authors: Carrozza A. , Bircher B. A. , Aversa A. , Biamino S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Ti–6Al–4V (Ti64) alloy is a well-established material to be processed via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Recently, other α + β titanium alloys are receiving attention, such as Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–6Mo (Ti6246). Their typical industrial fields of application (aerospace, automotive), often require critical design choices, such as low wall thicknesses and hollow channels. Thus, a comparative analysis between these two competitor alloys in terms of processability was conducted in this work. To do so, specific sample designs were developed. The specimens were analyzed in terms of geometrical compliance with the initial design, porosity, and microstructure. A correlation between the width of the specimens and their porosity, microstructure and hardness was found. Overall, both the alloys proved to be well processable, even for very low wall thickness (300 μm) and channel diameter (1 mm) values. Nevertheless, the Ti6246 alloy seemed to behave better in specific scenarios. For instance, some Ti64 specimens provided delamination. The hollow channels proved to be challenging for both materials, mainly due to the high amount of residual powder particles adhered to the upper part of the holes. This works aims at giving a materials perspective on process-related issues, considering the LPBF-induced defectology and microstructural variations in these Ti alloys.
Graphical Abstract
Automatic detection of health misinformation: a systematic review
Authors: Schlicht Ipek Baris , Fernandez Eugenia , Chulvi Berta , Rosso Paolo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe spread of health misinformation has the potential to cause serious harm to public health, from leading to vaccine hesitancy to adoption of unproven disease treatments. In addition, it could have other effects on society such as an increase in hate speech towards ethnic groups or medical experts. To counteract the sheer amount of misinformation, there is a need to use automatic detection methods. In this paper we conduct a systematic review of the computer science literature exploring text mining techniques and machine learning methods to detect health misinformation. To organize the reviewed papers, we propose a taxonomy, examine publicly available datasets, and conduct a content-based analysis to investigate analogies and differences among Covid-19 datasets and datasets related to other health domains. Finally, we describe open challenges and conclude with future directions.