bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience and acceptability of a carer‐focussed intervention in acute oncology settings: A qualitative study of people with advanced cancer and their carers
Authors: Marston Celia , Morgan Deidre D. , Philip Jennifer , Agar Meera R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesProviding optimal support for carers of people with advanced cancer is critical to facilitating discharge home from hospital. Carer Support Needs Assessment Tool–Intervention (CSNAT‐I) has shown promise in supporting carers' needs in this context. This study aimed to explore patient and carers experiences with and views on the acceptability of the CSNAT‐I delivered by occupational therapists in an acute oncology setting.MethodsPeople with advanced cancer and their carers who had previously received the CSNAT‐I as part of usual care while admitted to an Australian specialist cancer centre or acute hospital were invited to participate in interviews exploring their perceptions of the intervention. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsTwo patients and 10 carers participated in semi‐structured interviews. Three themes were constructed from the data: Carers viewed the CSNAT‐I as comprehensive process that (1) ‘covered everything’ related to discharge planning; (2) generated an ‘increased awareness of needs’ for themselves, patients, and clinicians; and (3) triggered an emotional response of feeling ‘wrapped up in care’ that was maintained as they moved from hospital to home.ConclusionThis study has demonstrated that the CSNAT‐I was highly acceptable to carers as part of existing discharge processes supporting them through the transition from hospital to home and can be delivered by occupational therapists and other clinicians with a natural synergy to discharge planning. These findings will inform further development and testing of the delivery model of the CSNAT‐I in future trials.
Visualisation to support children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder learning to solve mathematical word problems: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Almuwaiziri Fatemah , Trakulphadetkrai Natthapoj Vincent , Williams Timothy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis randomised controlled trial experimental study compared the effectiveness of using two different types of visualisation – self‐constructed visualisation (SCV) and passively received visualisation (PRV) – to help children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) solve mathematical word problems. While SCV refers to drawings that children create to help solve given word problems, PRV refers to pre‐made images that accompany word problems. Twenty children with ADHD in Kuwait, aged nine to 11 years, were randomly assigned to either the SCV or PRV group, where they were taught to use either SCV or PRV to solve word problems across 20 daily one‐to‐one sessions. The results showed that regardless of the visualisation type, children's word problem‐solving ability significantly improved. Children with ADHD should thus be encouraged to use visualisation to help make the word problem‐solving process more accessible to them.
Report of conspecific pup consumption by the crab‐eating foxCerdocyon thous(Carnivora, Canidae)
Authors: Bocchiglieri Adriana , Henriques e Souza Flávia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the Canidae family, cases of infanticide have been recorded in populations of dingoes, wolves and red foxes. The consumption of individuals from the same species has not been recorded yet for the crab‐eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), a medium‐sized South American canid with generalist eating habits; however, in a semi‐arid region in north‐eastern Brazil, twoC. thousfaecal samples were found in August and October 2018 with fur and fragments of paws from young individuals of this species. Cases of offspring consumption have also been reported in other carnivore species from semi‐arid regions, and it is a phenomenon that might be related to the scarcity of resources and a mechanism for obtaining food. Competition for resources is also hypothesized to explain these natural events in nature, as the death of a pup results in greater access to resources for the parent and its offspring. Thus, infanticide can increase the chances of survival of the mother or the other pups.
PRISM study—Pre‐natal iron deficiency screening and management within an Australian regional centre
Authors: Naidoo Prashanth , Frawley Natasha , Mol Ben W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionCurrent Australian guidelines differ in their recommendations on optimal iron deficiency anaemia screening and management during pregnancy. A more active approach to screening and treatment of iron deficiency in pregnancy has been beneficial within a tertiary population. However, this approach has not been evaluated within a regional healthcare setting.ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical impact of standardised screening and management for iron deficiency in pregnancy within a regional Australian centre.DesignSingle centre, retrospective cohort observational study that audited medical records pre and post implementation of standardised screening and management for antenatal iron deficiency. We compared rates of anaemia at birth, rates of peripartum blood transfusions and rates of peripartum iron infusions.FindingsThere were 2773 participants with 1372 participants in the pre‐implementation group and 1401 in the post‐implementation group. Participant demographics were similar. Anaemia at admission for birth decreased from 35% to 30% (RR 0.87, 95% CI (0.75, 1.00), p 0.043) Fewer blood transfusions were required (16 (1.2%) pre‐implementation, 6 (0.4%) post‐implementation, RR 0.40, 95% CI(0.16, 0.99), p 0.048). Antenatal iron infusions increased from 12% to 18% of participants post implementation (RR 1.47, 95% CI(1.22, 1.76), p 〈0.001).We audited compliance with the guidelines and found improvements post implementation.DiscussionThis is the first study to show clinically useful and statistically significant reduction in rates of anaemia and blood transfusions, post implementation of routine ferritin screening and management within a regional Australian population.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest there is benefit to implementation of standardised ferritin screening and management packages in Australian antenatal care. It also encourages RANZCOG to review current recommendations on screening for iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy.
Impact of the publication of the Finnish Meds75+ database on the use of potentially inappropriate medications in older persons
Authors: Hyttinen Virva , Kortelainen Lauri , Rantsi Mervi , Jyrkkä Johanna , Linnosmaa Ismo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the impact of the updated nationwide Meds75+ database and its linkage to the Finnish health portal on the use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) among older persons. We also aimed to evaluate whether there is regional variation in trend changes of PIM use.MethodsMeds75+ was implemented at the population level in 2015, so randomization is unfeasible. We used a quasi‐experimental interrupted time series analysis to evaluate the changes in levels and trends of PIM use. The data included all Finnish community‐dwelling persons aged ≥75 years (N = 920 163) who had medication purchases in the Prescription Register during 2009‐2020. Data were linked with the Care Registers for Health and Social Care and the cause of death register.ResultsThe prevalence of PIMs decreased from 20.2% in 2009 to 11.7% in 2020. The change of level of the monthly PIM users was negative (β −0.036, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.202 to 0.131), but not statistically significant (P = .673) after the publication of the database. We found a small decrease (β −0.018, 95% CI −0.083 to 0.047, P = .593) in the slope of PIM users, but it was not statistically significant. The regional results were similar to the main findings.ConclusionsPublication of the updated Meds75+ database did not decrease the level or trend of PIM users. In addition, this study did not show any significant regional variation in PIM use trends. Further research should focus on determining barriers and facilitators to the utilization of PIM criteria in clinical practice.
Inclusive leadership and work engagement: Exploring the role of psychological safety and trust in leader in multiple organizational context
Authors: Siyal Saeed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBuilding on social information processing theory and social exchange theory, this research advances the emerging concept of work engagement and inclusive leadership. Surprisingly, there is no study linking work engagement and inclusive leadership style in the setting of multiple organizations in China. The main purpose of this study is to identify the effective leadership style affecting work engagement directly and indirectly through psychological safety. The trust in leader further moderated the direct relationships. Using multi‐source data of 390 responses from leaders‐subordinates dyads working in 20 Chinese companies (which include textile, manufacturing, construction, and trading), this study tested how inclusive leadership increased the work engagement of their subsequent subordinates. The mediating role of psychological safety and moderating role of trust in leader therein. The findings introduced an interactive motivational framework that revealed the positive influence of inclusive leadership on the work engagement of subordinates. Further, psychological safety mediated the direct relationship between inclusive leaders and work engagement. The role of trust in leader strengthened the direct relationship of inclusive leadership with psychological safety and work engagement. This is among the first studies to integrate inclusive leadership, psychological safety, trust in leader, and work engagement into a single interactive framework. Further, it provides empirical evidence in the context of predicting and increasing the work engagement of subordinates.
Comparing judgements of educational desirability between learner and instructor roles with low or high proficiency
Authors: Kinda Shigehiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsIndividuals often consider the relative desirabilities of two types of educational methods: those oriented towards teacher guidance and those oriented towards student activity. This study examined whether the optimal methods perceived by individuals differ when they take the perspective of learners or instructors with low or high levels of proficiency in content knowledge.Samples and MethodsParticipants (N = 495) reported one subject in which they had low or high content knowledge proficiency and assumed one role (i.e., a learner enrolled in a class or an instructor responsible for a class). Participants then rated 10 items, each representing a typical classroom situation oriented towards teacher guidance or student activity, on the extent to which they considered the situation desirable as a learner or an instructor.Results and ConclusionsRegardless of their proficiency, the instructor‐role participants viewed educational methods oriented towards student activity as more desirable (teacher guidance as less desirable) than did the learner‐role participants. Further, irrespective of their role, participants with high proficiency considered student activity as more desirable (teacher guidance as less desirable) than did participants with low proficiency. Subject matter analysis of mathematics, language and history proficiencies produced the same judgement tendencies. Based on the premise that individuals generally increase in content knowledge (rather than decrease) and that they start as learners and become instructors (not vice versa), this study depicts the cognitive process of individuals as strengthening their preference for student activity by developing their content knowledge and transforming their role from learner to instructor.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)‐derived mesenchymal stem cells induce chemoresistance and epithelial–mesenchymal transition‐like program in AML through IL‐6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling
Authors: Lu Jianle , Dong Qiaomei , Zhang Shuling , Feng Youfan , Yang Jincai , Zhao Li 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a high rate of treatment failure due to increased prevalence of therapy resistance. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the leukemia microenvironment contribute to chemoresistance in AML, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. The critical role of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐like profile in AML chemoresistance has been gradually recognized. However, there is no research to suggest that the AML‐derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (AML‐MSCs) induce the EMT program in AML thus far. We isolated AML‐MSCs and cocultured them with AML cells. We found that AML‐MSCs induced a significant mesenchymal‐like morphology in drug‐resistant AML cells, but it was scarce in parental AML cells. The AML‐MSCs promoted growth of AML cells in the presence or absence of chemotherapeutics in vitro and in vivo. Acute myeloid leukemia MSCs also induced EMT marker expression in AML cells, especially in chemoresistant AML cells. Mechanistically, AML‐MSCs secreted abundant interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and upregulated IL‐6 expression in AML cells. Acute myeloid leukemia cells upregulated IL‐6 expression in AML‐MSCs in turn. Meanwhile, AML‐MSCs activated the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in AML cells. Two JAK/STAT pathway inhibitors counteracted the AML‐MSCs induced morphology change and EMT marker expression in AML cells. In conclusion, AML‐MSCs not only promote the emergence of chemoresistance but also enhance it once AML acquires chemoresistance. AML‐MSCs induce EMT‐like features in AML cells; this phenotypic change could be related to chemoresistance progression. AML‐MSCs induce the EMT‐like program in AML cells through IL‐6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling, which provides a therapeutic target to reverse chemoresistance in AML.
Impact of 1q gains on treatment outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in a real‐world Swedish population receiving modern treatment
Authors: Lemonakis Konstantinos , Olsson‐Arvidsson Linda , Karlsson Conny , Johansson Bertil , Hansson Markus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmplification of 1q (amp(1q); ≥4 1q copies) has repeatedly been reported to predict a worse outcome in multiple myeloma (MM), whereas the impact of gain of 1q (gain(1q); three 1q copies) is less clear.MethodsWe investigated survival of MM in relation to amp(1q) and gain(1q) by retrospectively analysing 346 consecutively newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients. Of these, 62 (18%) had amp(1q), 97 (28%) gain(1q) and 187 (54%) a normal number of 1q copies (no1q).ResultsThe patients with amp(1q) had a shorter median progression‐free survival than those with gain(1q) or no(1q) (13.1 months, 95% confidence interval [CI] 8.2–18.1 months vs. 36.1 months, 95% CI 23.1–49.1 months vs. 25.4 months, 95% CI 19.8–31.1 months, p = .005). The 3‐year overall survival (OS) was 56% for amp(1q), 76% for gain(1q) and 80% for no1q (p = .003). In the multivariate analysis, the presence of amp(1q) was independently associated with a shorter OS (hazard ratio 1.99, 95% CI 1.03–3.82, p = .039), whereas gain(1q) had no negative effect on survival.ConclusionOur results thus suggest that amp(1q) should be considered a high‐risk abnormality in NDMM and that new treatment strategies should be explored to mitigate its negative effect on survival.
Secukinumab versus guselkumab in the complete resolution of ustekinumab‐resistant psoriatic plaques: The ARROW study
Authors: Krueger James , Langley Richard G. , Nigen Simon , Kasparek Torben , Di Comite Gabriele , Ortmann Christine‐Elke , Garcet Sandra , Kolbinger Frank , Reich Kristian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInterleukin (IL)‐23–independent IL‐17A production has been suggested to be involved in persistent manifestations of psoriatic disease, including anti–IL‐12/23–refractory psoriatic plaques; this study aimed to test this hypothesis by investigating the clinical and molecular effects of direct IL‐17A (with secukinumab) versus selective IL‐23 inhibition (with guselkumab) in patients with anti–IL‐12/23 (ustekinumab)–refractory psoriatic plaques. A 16‐week, randomized, open‐label, parallel‐group, Phase IIa study (ARROW, NCT03553823) was conducted in patients with ≥1 active psoriatic plaque (total clinical score [TCS] ≥6) at screening despite treatment with ustekinumab, and a Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score 1–10. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive secukinumab 300 mg (n = 20) or guselkumab 100 mg (n = 20). Biopsies from one refractory (‘target plaque’) were obtained at baseline and Week 16. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients whose ustekinumab‐refractory target plaque achieved clear/almost clear status (TCS 0–2) at Week 16. Transcriptomic and histological analyses were conducted on target plaques to determine the molecular effects of direct IL‐17A versus selective IL‐23 inhibition. At Week 16, target plaque clear/almost clear status was achieved in 60.0% of patients treated with secukinumab versus 40.0% of patients treated with guselkumab (p = 0.1715). Molecular analyses identified that secukinumab modulated a greater proportion of psoriasis disease transcriptome genes (72.1% vs. 48.0%) and resulted in more histological responders (72.2% vs. 53.3%) compared with guselkumab. Secukinumab demonstrated a greater clinical and molecular effect on ustekinumab‐refractory psoriatic plaques versus guselkumab. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that IL‐23–independent IL‐17 mechanisms may be relevant to the inflammation driving refractory manifestations of psoriasis.
Effects of safety attitude on factors related to burnout among nurses working at a dedicated infectious disease control hospital during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Chen Mei‐Ju , Kao Feng‐Hsia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimRepeated occupational exposure and increased stress and fatigue levels contribute to a high risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection among frontline nurses. This study aimed to explore the relationships among teamwork, work environment and resources, work–life balance, stress perception and burnout among nurses working at a dedicated infectious disease control hospital.MethodsThe participants were 389 nurses at a dedicated infectious disease control hospital in Taipei City, Taiwan. This study adopted survey design with a questionnaire using the Safety Attitude Questionnaire.ResultsThe work–life balance among nurses at the dedicated hospital significantly mediated the effects of teamwork and work environment and resources on burnout. In addition, stress perception had interaction effects on work–life balance and burnout.ConclusionThis study's results provide important recommendations for managing teamwork, work environment and resources, work–life balance, stress perception and burnout prevention in nurses to help them better prepare and cope with emergencies. Findings can serve as a reference for developing relevant hospital management policies.
Study of the emotional adjustment of the caregiver–patient dyad to bronchial asthma in adolescence
Authors: Valero‐Moreno Selene , Montoya‐Castilla Inmaculada , Pérez‐Marín Marián 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the impact of bronchial asthma‐related factors on the emotional well‐being of adolescents with bronchial asthma and their primary caregivers.BackgroundBronchial asthma is a common chronic disease in childhood and adolescence that can have a psychological impact on both patients and their primary caregivers.MethodsThe study used a cross‐sectional design and included 150 patient–caregiver dyads diagnosed with bronchial asthma, aged between 12 and 16 years and collected between 2018 and 2020. It assessed the emotional adjustment of both patients and caregivers and recorded variables related to the disease. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to perform statistical analyses.ResultsCaregivers had higher anxiety and depression scores than patients. Good adherence to treatment was necessary for the emotional adjustment of the dyad. Controlled asthma, good adherence to treatment and a reduction in medical treatment were the primary predictors of emotional adjustment.ConclusionsThe study highlights the importance of assessing anxiety and depression levels in both patients and caregivers because the presence of these symptoms can lead to the misuse of medication, inadequate inhalation techniques, the omission of medication and reduced confidence in controlling asthma symptoms.
Evaluation of “Test to Return” after COVID‐19 Diagnosis in a Massachusetts Public School District
Authors: Nelson Sandra B. , Brenner Isaac Ravi , Homan Elizabeth , Lee Sarah Bott , Bongiorno Christine , Pollock Nira R. , Ciaranello Andrea 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDPer Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance, students with COVID‐19 may end isolation after 5 days if symptoms are improving; some individuals may still be contagious. Rapid antigen testing identifies possibly infectious virus. We report on a test‐to‐return (TTR) program in a Massachusetts school district to inform policy decisions about return to school after COVID‐19.METHODSDuring the 2021‐2022 Omicron BA.1 surge, students with COVID‐19 could return on day 6‐10 if they met symptom criteria and had a negative rapid test; students with positive rapid tests and those who declined TTR remained isolated until day 11. TTR positivity rates were compared by grade level, vaccination status, symptom status, and day of infection.RESULTS31.4% of students had a positive TTR rapid test; there were no differences by grade or vaccination status. Ever‐symptomatic students were more likely to have a positive rapid test (75/174 [43.1%] vs 18/104 [17.3%]). For ever‐symptomatic students, TTR positivity decreased by day of infection.CONCLUSIONSA substantial proportion of students may still be contagious 6 days after onset of COVID‐19 infection. TTR programs may increase or reduce missed school days, depending on when return is otherwise allowed (day 6 or 11). The impact of TTR programs on school‐associated transmission remains unknown.
Artificial intelligence for supply chain management: Disruptive innovation or innovative disruption?
Authors: Hendriksen Christian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article examines the theoretical and practical implications of artificial intelligence (AI) integration in supply chain management (SCM). AI has developed dramatically in recent years, embodied by the newest generation of large language models (LLMs) that exhibit human‐like capabilities in various domains. However, SCM as a discipline seems unprepared for this potential revolution, as existing perspectives do not capture the potential for disruption offered by AI tools. Moreover, AI integration in SCM is not only a technical but also a social process, influenced by human sensemaking and interpretation of AI systems. This article offers a novel theoretical lens called the AI Integration (AII) framework, which considers two key dimensions: the level of AI integration across the supply chain and the role of AI in decision‐making. It also incorporates human meaning‐making as an overlaying factor that shapes AI integration and disruption dynamics. The article demonstrates that different ways of integrating AI will lead to different kinds of disruptions, both in theory and in practice. It also discusses the implications of AI integration for SCM theorizing and practice, highlighting the need for cross‐disciplinary collaboration and sociotechnical perspectives.