bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prototyping IoT Modules and Assembling by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Fujita Yoko , Watt Steven 
Published: January 2025

IoT / M2M is spreading rapidly. Since IoT module products requires a great variety, flexibility is required in function, size, shape, and quantity. In addition, because the product life cycle of IoT modules is shorter, a mechanism to create a prototype quickly from product ideas is required. Furthermore, implementation that assumes a three-dimensional usage environment such as a wearable device is required. On this background, the Trillion Node Engine Project was launched as a research and development of industry-academia collaboration of the Japanese government, and research and development were promoted. In September 2019, as the result of this project, a compact platform for sensor modules for IoT was made public. (Technical challenge) 1.In board design, one board was divided into the divided substrate module such as CPU, USB, Bluetooth, sensor, battery. In addition, the bus is shared so that these can be combined and installed, the assembly is simplified. 2.At the board design, a three-dimensional interference check was developed in consideration of the implementation of multiple modules. 3.At the board design, by management the connection of multiple modules design data, electrical connection check was developed. 4.In order to create prototype by additive manufacturing in a short period of time, we have prepared a design library so that data can be output directly from design data to a 3D printer that performs resin formation and circuit formation, and then prototype can be created and verified. (Results and Conclusion) An electronic module board of 2cm size called Leaf was created, and an IoT module prototype was create by combining these board. By focusing on the design of necessary parts such as new sensors required for IoT products, the design period was shortened, and design cost was reduced. In addition, since the printer output can be performed directly from the design data, it cannot be necessary to create a mask for the substrate, which was necessary in the past, thus it can reduce manufacturing costs. In addition, since verification assuming 3D implementation is performed during the design, creation including the product case is also performed at the same time. The manufacturing of prototype can be realized in one day. Itâ€™s hard by the conventional PCB based manufacturing. Since the developed platform including circuit data and PCB design data is open to the public, anyone can easily create the prototype required in the IoT world.
Micro-features in Glass using Laser Induced Deep Etching for Device Packaging
Authors: Delrue Jean-Pol , Santos Rafael , Ambrosius Norbert , Ostholt Roman , Schmidt Stephan 
Published: January 2025

Due to its economical limitations, the growing number of today’s advanced packaging schemes still relies on a limited number of materials such as Epoxy Molding Compounds and other polymer substrates. Glass substrates with high quality and high aspect-ratio features such as Through Glass Vias (TGV), cavities, Integrated Passive Devices, MEMS, and others, produced using Laser Induced Deep Etching (LIDE), maintain all the excellent properties of glass and can, therefore, be once more considered to be used in advanced packaging. LIDE is a two-step manufacturing technology for the formation of particularly deep features (aspect ratio of 1:10 or higher) in most alumino-boro silicate glasses. LIDE can process glass in standard wafers formats and panel sizes up to 20”” x 20”” with an initial glass thickness up to nearly 1 mm and is compatible with panel level packing process flows. This technology process microfeatures in glass with high throughput while maintaining a very high positional accuracy of +/- 5 micron (Cpk 1.33). Furthermore, these microfeatures exhibit high break strength and excellent quality, free of microcracks, chipping and thermally induced stress. Supported by detailed critical figures, the authors propose the re-evaluation of the utilization of LIDE- processed glass as a constitutional material for advanced packaging applications. Due to its very high processing speed, through glass vias (TGVs) manufactured by LIDE demonstrate a very attractive cost model for advanced packaging applications. Alternatively, a series of LIDE modifications along a tool path allows glass dicing and cutting of microfeatures with high cutting speed (>=100 mm/s). This enables an easy integration of passive devices such capacitors and inductors in the glass package material. Further, examples of glass capping wafers, open and closed cavities will also be described demonstrating that this technology can passively reduce the die shift during die position and transfer molding to less than 4 micron, without the need for additional equipment or processing steps. The examples of applications presented here demonstrate that Laser Induced Deep Etching is a solution which enables glass technology for microelectronics at very low cost, while being highly versatile and adaptable to emerging technologies.
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Orthodontic Treatment Planning: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ingle Navin Anand , Alabsi Nisrin Fouad , Al-Hashimi Hashim , Albuolayan Nada Ahmed , Alburidy Faey , Alanazi Fatimah , Alhammad Arwa Tawfiq 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Orthodontic treatment planning has traditionally relied on manual assessments, which can be time-consuming and prone to errors. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionise this process, enhancing accuracy and efficiency. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the use of AI in orthodontic treatment planning. Seven databases were searched, and studies were selected based on predetermined criteria. Bias evaluation was performed using the QUADAS-AI tool. The meta-analysis revealed a significant overall effect in favour of AI-based methods in determining cephalometric landmarks (pooled mean difference [MD]: 2.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48, 4.22) and teeth segmentation (pooled MD: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.53, 4.26). Substantial heterogeneity was observed in both analyses, indicating significant differences between studies. However, the overall results suggest that AI-based methods demonstrate superior accuracy in orthodontic and dental imaging assessments. This systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence for the potential of AI in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of orthodontic treatment planning. The results highlight the benefits of AI in improving the speed and accuracy of orthodontic and dental procedures, as well as its potential to augment human capabilities in orthodontic and dental imaging assessments. Further research is needed to develop and refine AI-based systems for specific applications.
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and fibroscan as predictors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in chronic kidney disease patients attending Assiut University Hospitals
Authors: Mostafa Mohammad H. , Tony Effat A.E. , Ashmawy Ahmed M. , Mahmoud Amal A. , Othman Marwa A. , Kamel Yossra M.M. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) share mechanistic pathways related to metabolic dysfunction. The aim of this study was assessing prevalence of nonalcoholic liver disease among patients with CKD. in addition to, determine the relationship between the severity of fatty liver in nonalcoholic liver disease assessed by liver enzymes and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1).

Patients and methods
The current study enrolled a total of 80 patients with different stages of CKD. It was conducted in the period between March 2020 and March 2021. All patients were subjected to thorough medical history, clinical examination, baseline laboratory data, ultrasound, fibroscan, and also, the level of TIMP-1 was assessed.

Results
A total of 15 (18.8%) patients with CKD had NAFLD while the other 65 (81.2%) patients did not have NAFLD. Patients with NAFLD had significantly higher BMI and TIMP-1. There was a positive correlation between the grade of NAFLD as detected by fibroscan and the stage of CKD. Also, the NAFLD group had a significant difference as regard liver stiffness where the majority (84.6%) of patients without NAFLD had f0 and the majority (73.3%) of those with NAFLD had f1. Predictors for the development of NAFLD among patients with CKD were; TIMP-1, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and degree of fibrosis. TIMP-I at cutoff point greater than 21, has 97.2% accuracy for prediction of NAFLD in patients with CKD while f1 degree of fibroscan has 89.7% accuracy for prediction of NAFLD in patients with CKD.

Conclusion
Patients with CKD are vulnerable to develop NAFLD. Early detection of those patients may help in improving their outcomes. Also, TIMP-1 is considered as a novel biomarker for early diagnosis of NAFLD in patients with CKD. fibroscan is considered an available, cheap, and noninvasive method for assessment of NAFLD severity.
Depression, anxiety, and low quality of sleep among Egyptian hemodialysis patients: a single-center study
Authors: Gawad Mohammed Abdel , Hosny Mohamed , Ayoub Mohamed , Elnahrawy Radwa Saeed , Soultan Mona , Yasser Mahmoud , Mahdy Eman 
Published: January 2025

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly impairs the quality of life (QoL) of patients, with hemodialysis (HD) being the predominant kidney replacement therapy (KRT) worldwide. HD patients frequently suffer from various complications, including psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances, which profoundly affect their quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and low quality of sleep among Egyptian hemodialysis patients.

Patients and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at Abu-Qir Specialty Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt, involving 61 HD patients. Data were collected through individual interviews using validated Arabic versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) score, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were also obtained.

Results
The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances among HD patients was found to be 67.21%, 50.82%, and 100%, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that poor sleep quality (P=0.01) and anxiety (P<0.01) were significantly associated with depression. Anxiety was significantly associated with depression (P<0.01) and hemoglobin level (P=0.03). Poor sleep quality was predominantly influenced by depression (P=0.02).

Conclusion
The study highlights the high prevalence of psychological disorders and sleep disturbances among HD patients in Egypt, emphasizing the need for integrated care models. Routine screening and comprehensive management of these conditions are essential to improve quality of life and clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to explore underlying mechanisms and develop effective interventions tailored to HD patients’ unique challenges.
A Study of Symptomatic Umbilical Remnants in Children with Evaluation of the Role of Ultrasound as a Diagnostic Modality
Authors: Meshram Rohit Bhashkar , Pokharkar Ashitosh D. , Lakshmilekiya S. , Solanki Ravi Shankar , Gupta Amit , Yadav Partap Singh , Choudhury Subhasis Roy , Chadha Rajiv 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Aims:
The aim of this study was to study the presentation and management of children with symptomatic “umbilical remnants” (SUmR) and the efficacy of ultrasound (US) in diagnosis and predicting a need for surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This study included 65 children aged 2 months–12 years with clinical findings suggestive of umbilical remnants (UmR): umbilical granuloma (UG); umbilical polyp or prolapsing mucosa, periumbilical inflammation/mass, or persistent umbilical discharge. Investigations included US and bacteriological culture-sensitivity tests of umbilical discharge. UG and umbilical polyps were excised. Minilaparotomy was performed for other SUmR and UG/umbilical polyps where US suggested intra-abdominal pathology. The excised UmR tissue underwent histopathologic examination (HPE) for final diagnosis.

Results:
There were 40 males and 25 females, with a median age of 6 months. The three groups after final diagnosis were (i) UG (n = 38), (ii) vitellointestinal (VI) remnants (n = 21), umbilical polyp (n = 17), patent VI duct (PVID) (n = 3), and umbilical cyst (n = 1), and (iii) urachal remnants (UR) (n = 6), urachal cysts (n = 3) and patent urachus (n = 3). Forty-nine UG/umbilical polyps underwent simple excision. Sixteen (24.6%) patients underwent minilaparotomy, and in seven, US findings correlated with operative findings. US was false positive for intra-abdominal pathology in six cases (UG = 3; umbilical polyp = 3) and false negative in PVID (n = 3). UG and umbilical polyps were differentiated only by HPE. There were no complications or recurrence. On grouping by presentation, US as a diagnostic modality in UG/umbilical polyp had a specificity of 85% with a diagnostic accuracy of 89.09%. In UR, the figures were sensitivity 100%, specificity 0%, positive predictive value (PPV) 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) 0%, and diagnostic accuracy 100%. For VID remnants excluding umbilical polyps, the sensitivity was 25%, specificity 0%, PPV 100%, NPV 0%, and diagnostic accuracy 25%. Overall, the sensitivity of abdominopelvic US as a diagnostic modality in SUmR was 70%, specificity 89%, PPV 53%, and NPV 94% with overall diagnostic accuracy of 84%.

Conclusions:
SUmR is most commonly UG or umbilical polyp and could not be differentiated on clinical grounds alone. In suspected urachal anomalies/UR, US is an effective diagnostic modality. Overall, however, US has relatively low sensitivity and a low PPV and should be regarded as an accessory rather than a very effective diagnostic modality in SUmR. One-stage excision of SUmR is safe and effective. HPE of the excised SUmR is essential for the final diagnosis.
Navigating the Pediatric Inguinal Hernia Repair Conundrum: Occult Bilaterality of Patent Processus Vaginalis as an Indication for Laparoscopy
Authors: Kamesh Siva , Sinha Arvind , Rathod Kirtikumar J , Pathak Manish , Jadhav Avinash , Saxena Rahul , Nayak Shubhalaxmi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Bilateral inguinal hernia is universally accepted as an indication to repair a pediatric inguinal hernia through the laparoscopic route. However, there is often a debate regarding whether laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) has a role in the management of unilateral inguinal hernia. The aim of the study was to ascertain the incidence of contralateral patent processus vaginalis (PPV) in patients undergoing LIHR.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective review of the electronic medical records of cases of inguinal hernia who underwent laparoscopic hernia repair in the department during the period from September 2016 to August 2023. Parameters studied included age, gender, side of the hernia, incidence of contralateral PPV, recurrence rates, and complications. As per the protocol, all patients who had an occult bilaterality discovered intraoperatively were repaired in the same sitting after the repair of the presenting side. A review of the literature was also done to find the rationale behind laparoscopic pediatric inguinal hernia repair.

Results:
A total of 255 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 45.2 months and varied from 0 months to 192 months. Ligation of the sac was performed after division or without division, depending on the preference of the operating surgeon. The follow-up varied from 3 months to 7 years (mean 3.8 years). Ten (4.08%) patients had bilateral inguinal hernia at diagnosis, with left-side inguinal hernia in 95 (38.77%) and right-sided hernia in 150 (61.22%). Out of the 245 patients with unilateral inguinal hernia, a contralateral PPV was found in 48 (19.5%) patients. We had a total of seven recurrences in the cohort (2.7%), none of which were seen on the contralateral side, which was closed during the primary procedure itself. All of them occurred in patients aged between 1 and 3 years of age. Of the seven children who had recurrence, two patients had large inguinoscrotal swellings at presentation, and two patients had spinal dysraphism (repaired earlier) along with an inguinal hernia.

Conclusion:
Our results show that out of our cohort of 245 patients with unilateral inguinal hernia, approximately one-fifth of the patients have PPV on the contralateral side. This can be very well repaired in the same sitting via laparoscopy without increasing the morbidity and preventing metachronous hernia on the contralateral side.
A cross sectional study on minimum dietary diversity and nutritional status among the Children aged 6-23 months in the urban field practice area of Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana
Authors: Jayakumar Karthikeyan , Vijayasree L. , Kiranmai B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
As part of infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed the Minimum dietary diversity (MDD) score to assess nutritional diversity among children aged 6–23 months. MDD was one of the 17 IYCF indicators. Insufficient diversity in diets can lead to poor nutritional status as a result of deficiencies in both macro- and micronutrients.

Objective:
To calculate MDD score in children between 6 and 23 months and to determine the association between MDD and nutritional status among study subjects.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out among 320 children of age 6–23 months. Children were selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected from the informant/mother using questionnaire.

Results:
Minimum Dietary Diversity score was 0.5906. A statistically significant association was found between absence of MDD and underweight, stunting, and wasting. The association between absence of MDD and severe acute malnutrition was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
MDD was an important IYCF indicator and there was a significant association between MDD and nutritional status.
Biderivations of Lie algebras
Authors: Chen Qiufan , Yao Yufeng , Zhao Kaiming 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we first introduce the concept of symmetric biderivation radicals and characteristic subalgebras of Lie algebras and study their properties. Based on these results, we precisely determine biderivations of some Lie algebras including finite-dimensional simple Lie algebras over arbitrary fields of characteristic not

$2$

or

$3$

, and the Witt algebras

$\mathcal {W}^+_n$

over fields of characteristic

$0$

. As an application, commutative post-Lie algebra structure on the aforementioned Lie algebras is shown to be trivial.
Community-Based Point-of-Care Screening for Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rural Tanzania
Authors: Tappata Manaswita , Ford James , Kayandabila Johnstone , Morrison Joseph , Seth Samwel , Lyimo Benson , May Larissa , Debes Jose D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT.
Sub-Saharan Africa has a high burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The lack of surveillance programs has led to low rates of diagnosis and treatment, particularly in rural areas. We conducted mobile HBV-HCC screening clinics in rural Tanzania between March 2021 and February 2023. After undergoing informed consent, patients completed a questionnaire about HBV. A rapid point-of-care (POC) assay measured HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), and HBsAg-positive patients underwent POC ultrasound to screen for HCC and POC hepatitis C (HCV) antibody testing. The primary outcome was number of HBV diagnoses, and the secondary outcome was prevalence of liver masses in HBsAg-positive individuals. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Five hundred and one patients were screened for HBV; 63% (n = 303) were female with median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of 40 (28–55) years. Only 6% (n = 30) reported being vaccinated against HBV, 92% (n = 453) reported no vaccination, and 2% (n = 12) did not know their vaccination status. Seventy-six percent (n = 340) did not know they should get vaccinated, and 4% (n = 16) reported that vaccination was too expensive. Two percent (n = 11) of patients were positive for HBsAg, with 55% (n = 6) of those being female with median (IQR) age of 36 (34–43) years. None of the HBsAg-positive patients reported being vaccinated against HBV, and all were negative for HCV. On ultrasound, one patient had a liver mass, and another had ascites. We demonstrated that community-based HBV and HCC screening can be implemented in Africa with local partnerships, and this model could be used to promote awareness and improve early detection of disease.
Leadership Skills and Organizational Learning Culture in the Implementation of Public Policies in a Local Government - Cajamarca Region 2024, Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions (SDG 16)
Authors: Izquierdo Rossana Patricia León , Crisólogo Juan Carlos Aranda , Oliva Julia Elizabeth Quispe , Torres Celeste Bilbeth Rojas 
Published: January 2025

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the influence of managerial competencies and organizational learning culture on the implementation of public policies in a local government in Peru, 2024.

Theoretical Framework: This research is grounded in theories of public policy management and organizational learning, emphasizing the importance of competent leadership and a culture that promotes continuous learning and innovation within institutions.

Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises a quantitative approach with a non-experimental correlational causal design and a cross-sectional perspective. Data were collected from 200 municipal executives using surveys, with a structured questionnaire as the primary instrument.

Results and Discussion: The results revealed a significant influence of managerial competencies and organizational learning culture on the effective implementation of public policies. In the discussion, these findings are contextualized within the theoretical framework, highlighting their implications for enhancing policy effectiveness and addressing limitations related to the study's design.

Research Implications: The practical implications suggest that strengthening managerial competencies and fostering an organizational learning culture can lead to more effective public policy implementation. These insights are particularly relevant for local government officials and policymakers seeking to improve governance outcomes.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the critical role of leadership competencies and learning culture in public policy implementation. Its relevance is underscored by its potential to inform training and development initiatives for municipal leaders.