bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal migration cues differ for dual-spawning Atlantic Sturgeon in the Great Pee Dee River
Authors: Denison Colby D. , Cottrell Amy , Farmer Troy M. , Fox Dewayne A. , Hood David M. , Post William C. , Sorg Gregory , Waldrop Ellen , Peoples Brandon K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
We investigated environmental variables associated with spawning migration behavior for a dual-spawning population of endangered Atlantic Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus in the Great Pee Dee River, South Carolina.

Methods
From 2016 to 2021, 147 Atlantic Sturgeon were captured, implanted with acoustic transmitters, and monitored using a stationary array of 40 receivers located every 5–20 km along a 302-km section of the Great Pee Dee River from the river mouth at Winyah Bay to the first movement barrier at Blewett Falls Dam, North Carolina.

Result
We observed 47 Atlantic Sturgeon attempting 74 spring migrations and 39 Atlantic Sturgeon attempting 76 fall migrations across 4 years of telemetry observations (2018–2021). Mixed-effects models indicated that discharge interacted with water temperature to affect both migration initiation and upriver movement, and these interactions differed between the spring and fall runs. Spring runs were cued by rising temperatures and high river discharge, whereas fall runs were cued by falling temperatures and low discharge. Within migrations, spring-run fish migrated further upriver when discharge was falling, and fall-run fish moved further upriver when discharge was rising. Overall, fall-run sturgeon migrated significantly further upriver than spring-run sturgeon.

Conclusion
Differences in migratory behavior between the two runs suggest potentially unique adaptations to ambient river conditions during the respective spawning seasons. Identifying the environmental factors that drive—and thereby limit—Atlantic Sturgeon migrations in the Great Pee Dee River informs regional recovery efforts and highlights the importance of studying and managing this species at the population level.
A short review of recent discoveries in montmorillonite‐based photocatalysts for organic dye water pollutant degradation
Authors: Chellapandi Thangapandi , Madhumitha Gunabalan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOrganic dye pollutants are the most common type of pollutant found in water and wastewater as a result of various industrial activities. In particular, one of the largest contributors is the textile industry, which uses a lot of organic dyes to produce its goods. Organic dyes that remain in the effluents are typically permanent and difficult to detoxify using traditional wastewater treatment strategies. Photocatalysis using semiconductors have emerged as an attractive wastewater treatment method for resolving the major drawbacks of traditional methods. Montmorillonite has been presented as a conceivable dye adsorbent. When a semiconductor is incorporated, its adsorptive capability assists in imposing heterogeneous photoactivity. It is widely employed in a variety of applications due to fundamental characteristics such as high flexibility, swelling, ion exchange ability, acidity, usage in catalytic amounts, milder reaction conditions, benefit in reusability, selectivity, high yield, cheap cost, and so on. In this review, we specifically describe the last 3 years' development of dye degradation employing recently developed montmorillonite (MMT)‐based materials, as well as their preparation methods. In addition, the photocatalytic degradation of various types of organic dye pollutants, such as anionic and cationic dyes, was also studied in this review. The findings reveal that MMT‐based materials have a wide range of applications in the photocatalytic degradation of contaminants existing in the environment.
Influence of three different closure techniques on leakage pressures and leakage location following partial cystectomies in normal dogs
Authors: Haas Jason M. , Duffy Daniel J. , Kendall Allison , Chang Yi‐Jen , Moore George E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTransitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common neoplasia affecting the canine urinary bladder. Partial cystectomy, when used adjuctively with medical management, has been shown to meaningfully extend medial survival time. Surgical stapling devices have a wide variety of uses and advantages over traditional closure methods and, to date, investigation into their use in canine partial cystectomies has not been documented.ObjectiveTo determine the influence of three closure techniques on ex vivo leakage pressures and leakage location following canine partial cystectomy.MethodsSpecimens were assigned to one of three closure techniques: simple continuous appositional closure with 3‐0 suture, closure with a 60 mm gastrointestinal stapler with a 3.5 mm cartridge, and placement of a Cushing suture to augment the stapled closure, with each group containing 12 specimens. Mean initial leakage pressure (ILP), maximum leakage pressure (MLP), and leakage location at the time that ILP was recorded were compared between groups.ResultsOversewn stapled constructs leaked at significantly higher ILP (28.5 mmHg) than those in the sutured (17 mmHg) or stapled (22.8 mmHg) group, respectively. MLP was greater in the oversewn stapled construct group compared to other groups. Leakage was detected in 97% partial cystectomies, with leakage occurring from the needle holes in 100% of the sutured closure group, from the staple holes in 100% of the stapled only group, and from the incisional line in 83% and from bladder wall rupture in 8% of the augmented staple closure group. All closure methods withstood normal physiologic cystic pressures.ConclusionsPlacement of a Cushing suture to augment stapled closures improved the ability of partial cystectomies to sustain higher intravesicular pressures compared with sutured or stapled bladder closures alone. Further in vivo studies are required to determine the clinical significance of these findings and the role of stapling equipment for partial cystectomy, as well as the clinical significance of suture penetration through the urinary bladder mucosa during closure.
Outcomes in dogs with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts treated with surgical ligation or medical management
Authors: Beardall Rebecca L. , Sumner Julia P. , Menard Jenna V. , Parry Stephen A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate differences in outcomes in dogs treated for extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (EHPSS) by either complete suture ligation, partial suture ligation or medical management.Study designThis wasa retrospective, single institutional study.Sample populationDogs (n = 152) with EHPSS treated with suture ligation (n = 62), surgery with no ligation (n = 2), or medical management (n = 88).MethodsMedical records were reviewed for data on signalment, treatment variables, complications, and outcome. Kaplan–Meier plots were generated to assess survival across groups. Cox's proportional hazard models were used to assess the relationship between survival times and multiple predictor variables. For outcomes of interest, backwards, stepwise regression was performed (p < 0.05).ResultsComplete suture ligation was possible in 46/64 (71.9%) of dogs where surgical attenuation was attempted. One dog was euthanized following partial suture ligation due to suspected portal hypertension. Dogs with complete suture ligation of the EHPSS had a significantly longer median survival time (MST) compared to the medical management group (MST not reached vs. 1730 days [p < 0.001]). Complete resolution of clinical signs (without the need for further medical treatment or dietary changes) was achieved in 16/20 (80.0%) dogs with complete suture ligation and 4/10 (40.0%) dogs with partial suture ligation of their EHPSS.ConclusionSuture ligation (complete or partial) for the treatment of EHPSS, where clinically possible, yielded the best clinical outcome and increased longevity compared to medical management in this study.Clinical SignificanceWhile medical management for the treatment of EHPSS in dogs is a valid treatment option, better clinical outcomes are achieved with surgical intervention.
Recursive Polish spaces
Authors: Arant Tyler 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the proper way to effectivize the notion of a Polish space. A theorem is proved that shows the recursive Polish space structure is not found in the effectively open subsets of a space $${\mathcal {X}}$$
X
, and we explore strong evidence that the effective structure is instead captured by the effectively open subsets of the product space $$\mathbb {N}\times {\mathcal {X}}$$

N
×
X

.
Applying genomics in regulatory toxicology: a report of the ECETOC workshop on omics threshold on non-adversity
Authors: Gant Timothy W. , Auerbach Scott S. , Von Bergen Martin , Bouhifd Mounir , Botham Philip A. , Caiment Florian , Currie Richard A. , Harrill Joshua , Johnson Kamin , Li Dongying , Rouquie David , van Ravenzwaay Ben , Sistare Frank , Tralau Tewes , Viant Mark R. , van de Laan Jan Willem , Yauk Carole 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn a joint effort involving scientists from academia, industry and regulatory agencies, ECETOC’s activities in Omics have led to conceptual proposals for: (1) A framework that assures data quality for reporting and inclusion of Omics data in regulatory assessments; and (2) an approach to robustly quantify these data, prior to interpretation for regulatory use. In continuation of these activities this workshop explored and identified areas of need to facilitate robust interpretation of such data in the context of deriving points of departure (POD) for risk assessment and determining an adverse change from normal variation. ECETOC was amongst the first to systematically explore the application of Omics methods, now incorporated into the group of methods known as New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), to regulatory toxicology. This support has been in the form of both projects (primarily with CEFIC/LRI) and workshops. Outputs have led to projects included in the workplan of the Extended Advisory Group on Molecular Screening and Toxicogenomics (EAGMST) group of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and to the drafting of OECD Guidance Documents for Omics data reporting, with potentially more to follow on data transformation and interpretation. The current workshop was the last in a series of technical methods development workshops, with a sub-focus on the derivation of a POD from Omics data. Workshop presentations demonstrated that Omics data developed within robust frameworks for both scientific data generation and analysis can be used to derive a POD. The issue of noise in the data was discussed as an important consideration for identifying robust Omics changes and deriving a POD. Such variability or “noise” can comprise technical or biological variation within a dataset and should clearly be distinguished from homeostatic responses. Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) were considered a useful framework on which to assemble Omics methods, and a number of case examples were presented in illustration of this point. What is apparent is that high dimension data will always be subject to varying processing pipelines and hence interpretation, depending on the context they are used in. Yet, they can provide valuable input for regulatory toxicology, with the pre-condition being robust methods for the collection and processing of data together with a comprehensive description how the data were interpreted, and conclusions reached.
A Unified Approach to Shape and Topological Sensitivity Analysis of Discretized Optimal Design Problems
Authors: Gangl P. , Gfrerer M. H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe introduce a unified sensitivity concept for shape and topological perturbations and perform the sensitivity analysis for a discretized PDE-constrained design optimization problem in two space dimensions. We assume that the design is represented by a piecewise linear and globally continuous level set function on a fixed finite element mesh and relate perturbations of the level set function to perturbations of the shape or topology of the corresponding design. We illustrate the sensitivity analysis for a problem that is constrained by a reaction–diffusion equation and draw connections between our discrete sensitivities and the well-established continuous concepts of shape and topological derivatives. Finally, we verify our sensitivities and illustrate their application in a level-set-based design optimization algorithm where no distinction between shape and topological updates has to be made.
Immunogenicity and efficacy of pembrolizumab and doxorubicin in a phase I trial for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Egelston Colt A. , Guo Weihua , Yost Susan E. , Ge Xuan , Lee Jin Sun , Frankel Paul H. , Cui Yujie , Ruel Christopher , Schmolze Daniel , Murga Mireya , Tang Aileen , Martinez Norma , Karimi Misagh , Somlo George , Lee Peter P. , Waisman James R. , Yuan Yuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCurrently there is a limited understanding for the optimal combination of immune checkpoint inhibitor and chemotherapy for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). Here we evaluate the safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of a phase I trial for patients with mTNBC treated with pembrolizumab plus doxorubicin. Patients without prior anthracycline use and 0–2 lines of prior systemic chemotherapies received pembrolizumab and doxorubicin every 3 weeks for 6 cycles followed by pembrolizumab maintenance until disease progression or intolerance. The primary objectives were safety and objective response rate per RECIST 1.1. Best responses included one complete response (CR), five partial responses (PR), two stable disease (SD), and one progression of disease (PD). Overall response rate was 67% (95% CI 13.7%, 78.8%) and clinical benefit rate at 6 months was 56% (95% CI 21.2%, 86.3%). Median PFS was 5.2 months (95% CI 4.7, NA); median OS was 15.6 months (95% CI 13.3, NA). Grade 3–4 AEs per CTCAE 4.0 were neutropenia n = 4/10 (40%), leukopenia n = 2/10 (20%), lymphopenia n = 2/10 (20%), fatigue n = 2/10 (20%), and oral mucositis n = 1/10 (10%). Immune correlates showed increased frequencies of circulating CD3 + T cells (p = 0.03) from pre-treatment to cycle 2 day 1 (C2D1). An expansion of a proliferative exhausted-like PD-1 + CD8 + T cell population was identified in 8/9 patients, and exhausted CD8 + T cells were significantly expanded from pre-treatment to C2D1 in the patient with CR (p = 0.01). In summary, anthracycline-naïve patients with mTNBC treated with the combination of pembrolizumab and doxorubicin showed an encouraging response rate and robust T cell response dynamics.Trial registration: NCT02648477.
A review on customer segmentation methods for personalized customer targeting in e-commerce use cases
Authors: Alves Gomes Miguel , Meisen Tobias 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe importance of customer-oriented marketing has increased for companies in recent decades. With the advent of one-customer strategies, especially in e-commerce, traditional mass marketing in this area is becoming increasingly obsolete as customer-specific targeting becomes realizable. Such a strategy makes it essential to develop an underlying understanding of the interests and motivations of the individual customer. One method frequently used for this purpose is segmentation, which has evolved steadily in recent years. The aim of this paper is to provide a structured overview of the different segmentation methods and their current state of the art. For this purpose, we conducted an extensive literature search in which 105 publications between the years 2000 and 2022 were identified that deal with the analysis of customer behavior using segmentation methods. Based on this paper corpus, we provide a comprehensive review of the used methods. In addition, we examine the applied methods for temporal trends and for their applicability to different data set dimensionalities. Based on this paper corpus, we identified a four-phase process consisting of information (data) collection, customer representation, customer analysis via segmentation and customer targeting. With respect to customer representation and customer analysis by segmentation, we provide a comprehensive overview of the methods used in these process steps. We also take a look at temporal trends and the applicability to different dataset dimensionalities. In summary, customer representation is mainly solved by manual feature selection or RFM analysis. The most commonly used segmentation method is k-means, regardless of the use case and the amount of data. It is interesting to note that it has been widely used in recent years.
It’s very difficult to set the boundaries, it’s human nature to want to respond: exploring health professions educators’ responses to student mental health difficulties through a positioning theory lens
Authors: Marais Debra L 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBy virtue of their teaching role and contact with students, health professions (HP) educators are often the first point of connection for students who are experiencing mental health difficulties. Educators are increasingly expected to include some form of pastoral care in their role. Mental health-related interactions with students may have a negative emotional impact on educators, particularly when roles and expectations are not clearly defined and where boundaries are not managed effectively. Using positioning theory as a lens, this study explored how educators experienced such interactions and how this manifested in positions, storylines, and speech acts. Interviews were conducted with 27 HP educators at a faculty of medicine and health sciences. Reflexive thematic analysis using inductive coding identified themes corresponding to the nearing, weighted, ambivalent, and distancing positions participants adopted in relation to students with mental health difficulties. There was fluidity in and between positions, and more than one position could be occupied simultaneously; participants each moved through different positions in response to different relational situations. Multiple storylines informed these positions, representing how moral- and care-informed responsibility intersected with responsiveness to make certain actions possible or impossible. Normative and personal value narratives were evident in storylines, in many cases underscored by care or justice ethics. The value of positioning theory in facilitating reflective faculty development initiatives for educators engaged in these interactions is discussed.
Minimizing the makespan for the two-machine flow shop scheduling problem with random breakdown
Authors: Hnaien Faicel , Arbaoui Taha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper studies a two-machine flow shop scheduling problem with availability constraints due to a breakdown on the first machine. The starting time of the breakdown is considered stochastic and follows a known probability distribution. A service-level constraint is introduced to model the guarantee with which the obtained schedule takes into account the stochastic nature of the breakdown’s starting time. The objective is to find a solution that minimizes the makespan while satisfying the desired service level. The studied problem is strongly NP-hard. We develop two mixed integer linear models that linearize the non-linear model. Using interval modeling of the breakdown, we propose lower bounds and a valid inequality that are used to strengthen both models. When the lower bounds and the valid inequality are applied, the performance of both models is greatly improved by reducing the gap and reaching optimality for more instances. We also introduced two heuristics that exploit the proposed interval modeling. The computational results indicate that both models are able to reach optimality for the 10-job instances. Moreover, the comparisons results between both models with the two heuristics showed their effectiveness.
On directionally differentiable multiobjective programming problems with vanishing constraints
Authors: Antczak Tadeusz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a class of directionally differentiable multiobjective programming problems with inequality, equality and vanishing constraints is considered. Under both the Abadie constraint qualification and the modified Abadie constraint qualification, the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker type necessary optimality conditions are established for such nondifferentiable vector optimization problems by using the nonlinear version Gordan theorem of the alternative for convex functions. Further, the sufficient optimality conditions for such directionally differentiable multiobjective programming problems with vanishing constraints are proved under convexity hypotheses. Furthermore, vector Wolfe dual problem is defined for the considered directionally differentiable multiobjective programming problem vanishing constraints and several duality theorems are established also under appropriate convexity hypotheses.
Geochemical composition and potential health risks of geophagic materials: an example from a rural area in the Limpopo Province of South Africa
Authors: Mouri Hassina , Malepe Retshepile Evelyn , Candeias Carla 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGeophagy is a common practice among rural population of the Fetakgomo Tubatse Local Municipality area in the Limpopo Province of South Africa. Although, the practice might be beneficial to the health of the consumers, its negative effects could overshadow the positive effects and might lead to detrimental health issues. The present work sought to investigate the geochemical composition as well as pH and organic matter (OM) content of geophagic materials commonly consumed in the study area. Furthermore, assessment of the potential health risk of the materials on geophagic individuals was also considered. Twelve samples were collected in the study area and analysed by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Inductively Coupled Plasma—Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) for major and trace elements composition. The results showed higher concentrations of non-essential elements (e.g., As, Cr, Pb) than the proposed recommended daily standards intake, suggesting a potential health risk. The alkaline nature (pH 6.80 to 9.22) of the studied samples might affect the bioacessibility of some essential elements. Furthermore, the OM content (> 0.7%) observed in some of the studied samples may retain pathogenic micro-organisms detrimental to health. Although As and Cr presented a low bioaccessible fraction (< 16.0%), health risk assessment revealed that their concentrations represented a hazard (HQ > 1) and might induce non-carcinogenic health threats to geophagic individuals. Based on the geochemical analysis, pH and OM content as well as health risk assessment findings, the studied geophagic materials are not considered suitable for human consumption. The practice should therefore be discouraged amongst the population in the study area to avoid possible detrimental health issues.