bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound assisted microwave vacuum drying of persimmon fruit: Modeling by artificial neural network and optimization by genetic algorithm
Authors: Dash Kshirod Kumar , Bhagya Raj G. V. S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present investigation studied the influence of ultrasonication power (), microwave power (), and vacuum level () on the quality attributes of dried persimmon fruit. The range of independent variables selected for the study was 100–200 W for , 400–800 W for microwave power and 380–680 mmHg of vacuum level. The best artificial neural network with the lowest relative deviation comprised three input neurons, nine hidden neurons, and four output neurons. According to the experimental design, the range of response rehydration ratio , total change in color , drying efficiency (), and antioxidant activity was found to be 1.524%–2.148, 8.933%–28.854, 33.603%–42.155% and 68.640%–87.809% respectively. The optimized condition according to the integrated ANN‐GA model for the process parameters , , and was found to be 106.227 W, 421.189 W, and 668.051 mmHg, respectively.Practical applicationsPersimmon is a perishable fruit with a short shelf life. Fruits necessitate preservation strategies to extend their shelf life by reducing moisture content and water activity. Microwave vacuum drying with ultrasound treatment preserves quality characteristics like color, texture, chemical components, and shrinkage while reducing moisture content. Ultrasound pretreated microwave vacuum drying process lowered drying time while improving the quality and efficiency of dried persimmon fruit. Moisture can rapidly diffuse into the surrounding vacuum and prevent structure collapse due to the high vapor pressure caused by microwave vacuum drying. Prior to drying, sonication alters the structure of the fruit tissue, significantly accelerates the drying process and reduces overall processing time.
Characteristics of substance‐addicted mothers that predict graduation from the family treatment court
Authors: Barnett Katherine B. , Amason Janeen , Wagner Doreen , Ray Herman E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn the United States, substance addiction is a major contributing factor to incarceration of mothers and separation of children from their families. Five hundred Family Treatment Courts (FTC) operate across the country to combat the growing problem of women addicted to drugs. The FTC model provides mothers with substance addiction treatment, intensive judicial monitoring, repeated drug testing, counseling, incentives or sanctions, and case management with the goal of reaching long‐term sobriety and reunification with their children.DesignThis retrospective study examined the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and substance use characteristics, in predicting participants' graduations from the FTC program.MethodsData were gathered from 317 participants from five Family Treatment Courts in the southeastern United States and analyzed using logistic regression.ResultsParticipants who completed the FTC program were more likely to be older, completed Cognitive Behavioral Training, completed high school, and Caucasian.ConclusionAge and completion of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy were the greatest predictors of graduating from the Family Treatment Court. These results convey the need for development of interventions tailored to each participant's age to maximize the success of the FTC participants. In addition, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy should be integrated into all FTC programs.Clinical RelevanceThe findings from this study will offer research scholars a foundation for designing future studies, aid researchers in creating interventions to increase success in substance addiction treatment programs, and contribute to the framework for theory development. In addition, understanding characteristics that may influence graduation from the Family Treatment Court will provide valuable information on developing interventions to support participants' success.
Neuroanatomy of the crocodylian Tomistoma dowsoni from the Miocene of North Africa provides insights into the evolutionary history of gavialoids
Authors: Burke Paul M. J. , Mannion Philip D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe interrelationships of the extant crocodylians Gavialis gangeticus and Tomistoma schlegelii have been historically disputed. Whereas molecular analyses indicate a sister taxon relationship between these two gavialoid species, morphological datasets typically place Gavialis as the outgroup to all other extant crocodylians. Recent morphological‐based phylogenetic analyses have begun to resolve this discrepancy, recovering Gavialis as the closest living relative of Tomistoma; however, several stratigraphically early fossil taxa are recovered as closer to Gavialis than Tomistoma, resulting in anomalously early divergence timings. As such, additional morphological data might be required to resolve these remaining discrepancies. ‘Tomistoma’ dowsoni is an extinct species of gavialoid from the Miocene of North Africa. Utilising CT scans of a near‐complete, referred skull, we reconstruct the neuroanatomy and neurosensory apparatus of ‘Tomistoma’ dowsoni. Based on qualitative and quantitative morphometric comparisons with other crocodyliforms, the neuroanatomy of ‘Tomistoma’ dowsoni is characterised by an intermediate morphology between the two extant gavialoids, more closely resembling Gavialis. This mirrors the results of recent studies based on the external anatomy of these three species and other fossil gavialoids. Several neuroanatomical features of these species appear to reflect ecological and/or phylogenetic signals. For example, the ‘simple’ morphology of their neurosensory apparatus is broadly similar to that of other long and narrow‐snouted (longirostrine), aquatic crocodyliforms. A dorsoventrally short, anteroposteriorly long endosseous labyrinth is also associated with longirostry. These features indicate that snout and skull morphology, which are themselves partly constrained by ecology, exert an influence on neuroanatomical morphology, as has also been recognised in birds and turtles. Conversely, the presence of a pterygoid bulla in Gavialis and several extinct gavialoids, and its absence in Tomistoma schlegelii, could be interpreted as a phylogenetic signal of crocodylians more closely related to Gavialis than to Tomistoma. Evaluation of additional fossil gavialoids will be needed to further test whether these and other neuroanatomical features primarily reflect a phylogenetic or ecological signal. By incorporating such previously inaccessible information of extinct and extant gavialoids into phylogenetic and macroecological studies, we can potentially further constrain the clade's interrelationships, as well as evaluate the timing and ecological association of the evolution of these neuroanatomical features. Finally, our study supports recent phylogenetic analyses that place ‘Tomistoma’ dowsoni as being phylogenetically closer to Gavialis gangeticus than to Tomistoma schlegelii, indicating the necessity of a taxonomic revision of this fossil species.
Dry needling of the flexor digitorum brevis muscle reduces postural control in standing: A pre‐post stabilometric study
Authors: Martínez‐Jiménez Eva María , Losa‐Iglesias Marta Elena , Mazoteras‐Pardo Victoria , López‐López Daniel , Pereiro‐Buceta Héctor , Calvo‐Lobo César , Rodríguez‐Sanz David , Becerro‐de‐Bengoa‐Vallejo Ricardo , Navarro‐Flores Emmanuel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere are studies that show the better balance after dry needling in lumbar pain. However, the postural control effects after foot dry needling are unknown. Our objective was to check if dry needling reduces postural control. Eighteen subjects with flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) muscle Myofascial trigger point were evaluated pre‐ and post‐deep dry needling. We measured stabilometric variables in a pre‐post study. We have found significant differences in three stabilometric variables: surface with eyes closed (29.36–53.21 mm2) (p = 0.000), medium speed of the laterolateral displacement with eyes closed (1.42–1.64 mm/s) (p = 0.004), and medium speed of the anteroposterior displacement with eyes closed (1.30–1.53 mm/s) (p = 0.025). Dry needling therapy application in FDB muscle reduces standing postural control with eyes closed.
Acneiform eruption induced by molecularly targeted agents in antineoplastic therapy: A review
Authors: Yuan Chen , Wang Baoxi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundVarious biologic agents targeting specific molecules present new treatment options for various tumors. Acneiform eruption is a very common skin reaction to these agents. Although not life‐threatening, acneiform eruption can affect patients' emotional and social lives. In very exceptional cases, it can lead to cancer therapy interruption.AimsThe aim of this study was to review the incidence rate, clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, and current management of acneiform eruption induced by molecularly targeted agents.MethodsThis review was carried out through PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane searching terms ‘acneiform eruption’, ‘papulopustular eruption’ or ‘acne‐like rash’ and ‘skin toxicity’, ‘cutaneous toxicity’, ‘skin reactions’, ‘dermatological toxicities’, ‘target therapy,’ or ‘drug therapy’.ResultsOf the 73 articles matched our search terms, 61 were original articles and 12 were case reports or case series. Acneiform eruption is most commonly observed in patients treated with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors and mitogen‐activated protein kinase inhibitors. Typical lesions consist of erythematous papules and pustules without comedones, accompanying with burning, pruritus, or xerosis. The pathogenesis involves inflammation and abnormalities of the follicular epithelium, where a disorder in EGFR signaling plays a key role. The treatment of acneiform eruption depends on the severity of the rash.ConclusionsEarly recognition and effective management of this cutaneous adverse reaction can prevent unnecessary reduction and discontinuation of drug use and improve patient survival and quality of life. Close collaboration between oncologists and dermatologists is important to optimize therapy and improve patient survival.
Is obstructive sleep apnea a circadian rhythm disorder?
Authors: Šmon Julija , Kočar Eva , Pintar Tadeja , Dolenc‐Grošelj Leja , Rozman Damjana 
Published: March 2023

SummaryObstructive sleep apnea is the most common sleep‐related breathing disorder worldwide and remains underdiagnosed. Its multiple associated comorbidities contribute to a decreased quality of life and work performance as well as an increased risk of death. Standard treatment seems to have limited effects on cardiovascular and metabolic aspects of the disease, emphasising the need for early diagnosis and additional therapeutic approaches. Recent evidence suggests that the dysregulation of circadian rhythms, processes with endogenous rhythmicity that are adjusted to the environment through various cues, is involved in the pathogenesis of comorbidities. In patients with obstructive sleep apnea, altered circadian gene expression patterns have been demonstrated. Obstructive respiratory events may promote circadian dysregulation through the effects of sleep disturbance and intermittent hypoxia, with subsequent inflammation and disruption of neural and hormonal homeostasis. In this review, current knowledge on obstructive sleep apnea, circadian rhythm regulation, and circadian rhythm sleep disorders is summarised. Studies that connect obstructive sleep apnea to circadian rhythm abnormalities are critically evaluated. Furthermore, pathogenetic mechanisms that may underlie this association, most notably hypoxia signalling, are presented. A bidirectional relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and circadian rhythm dysregulation is proposed. Approaching obstructive sleep apnea as a circadian rhythm disorder may prove beneficial for the development of new, personalised diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic tools. However, further studies are needed before the clinical approach to obstructive sleep apnea includes targeting the circadian system.
Incidence and factors influencing sleep disorders in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: A case‐control study
Authors: Wu Cichun , Xie Jianping , Liu Fei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChronic hepatitis B (HBV) infection is a disease that imposes a considerable financial burden on patients and can lead to sleep disorders (SDs), resulting in a serious deterioration to patient quality of life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SDs in patients with HBV and the correlated sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. A total of 747 patients with chronic HBV infection were recruited. All patients completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 scale, Social Support Rating Scale, Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF‐36), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The total PSQI score of patients with each type of chronic HBV infection was significantly higher compared to healthy Chinese adults (p < .05). The incidence of SDs in HBV carriers and patients with mild HBV, moderate HBV, severe HBV, liver failure, compensated cirrhosis, and decompensated liver cirrhosis was 25%, 26%, 32%, 47%, 56%, 31%, and 49%, respectively. The incidence of SDs in all patients with chronic HBV infection was 30%. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the course of disease, aspartate aminotransferase levels, PHQ‐9 scores, and VAS scores were independent risk factors for SDs, while the total SF‐36 score was a protective factor for SDs (all p < .05). In conclusion, the prevalence of SDs was significantly higher in patients with chronic hepatitis B compared to healthy subjects. The independent risk factors for SDs included disease duration, aspartate aminotransferase levels, depression, and fatigue. Clinicians should pay more attention to SDs in patients with chronic HBV infection.
The changing epidemiology of delta hepatitis in Türkiye over three decades: A systematic review
Authors: Uraz Suleyman , Deniz Zeynep , Zerdali Esra Yerlikaya , Araslanova Adel , Tahan Veysel , Tabak Fehmi , Ozaras Resat 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHepatitis D virus (HDV) infection represents the most serious form of chronic hepatitis. Turkey is among the countries with high HDV and intermediate hepatitis B virus prevalence. In Turkey, hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine series was included in the routine vaccination program in 1998. There have been regional differences in prevalence of HBV and HDV. Although a decline in HDV prevalence is estimated, there are uncertainties about the epidemic patterns of it. HDV prevalence was studied in varying groups and geographic regions. In this study, we aimed to analyse hepatitis D epidemiology in all groups and geographic regions in recent 35 years. During the study period of 35 years, 111 publications were noted. The analysis was done on the basis of three periods: 1999 and before (Period 1), 2000–2009 (Period 2), and 2010 and after (Period 3). The groups studied included inactive carrier state, chronic hepatitis B, all HBsAg‐positive individuals and special groups. Among inactive HBV carriers, HDV prevalence did not change significantly over three decades. Among patients with chronic hepatitis, studies reported decreasing (from Period 1 to Period 2) and then increasing (from Period 2 to period 3) HDV prevalence. The studies including all HBsAg‐positive patients reported decreasing (from Period 1 to Period 2) and then increasing (from Period 2 to period 3) HDV prevalence. Cumulative data of these 3 groups were taken to reveal HDV prevalence in HBV‐infected patients, and it showed decreasing (from Period 1 to Period 2) and then increasing (from Period 2 to period 3) HDV prevalence. Cumulative data of these 3 groups analysed according to the geographic regions of the country showed that Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia regions still have a high burden of HDV. The study showed that although HDV prevalence decreased from 8.3% in Period 1 to 4.8% in Period 2, it tended to increase 5.5% in Period 3. HDV infection is still a healthcare problem in Turkey.
Rot‐Jaune‐Verde: On linguistic bias of referees in Swiss soccer*
Authors: Faltings Richard , Krumer Alex , Lechner Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe utilize data from 5,010 soccer games in the top two Swiss divisions between the 2005/06 and 2018/19 seasons. In these games, a referee can share the same linguistic area with one of the teams. Using referee‐per‐season fixed effects, we find that referees issue significantly more penalties, in the form of yellow cards, to teams that are not from the referee's linguistic area. We also find some evidence, in the highest level league only, that referees issue more red cards to teams that are not from their linguistic area and that away teams achieve fewer points when home teams share the same linguistic area with the referee. Our analyses suggest that referees' bias is likely to be subconscious and reflexive rather than being a deliberate act of discrimination.
The effect of episodic future thinking ability on subjective cue use when judging credibility
Authors: O'Connell Felicity , Vernham Zarah , Taylor Paul , Warmelink Lara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundEpisodic Future Thought (EFT) ability affects how credible individuals appear (O'Connell et al., The effect of individual differences in episodic future thought on the ability to lie about intentions [manuscript submitted for publication], Psychology Department, Lancaster University, 2022). However, it is unclear how individuals with higher EFT ability create this credible demeanour. This paper describes two studies that explored participants' subjective cue use when judging the veracity of verbal statements (Study 1) and written statements (Study 2) provided by individuals with varying EFT ability.MethodIn Study 1, 68 participants judged the veracity and indicated which cues influenced their veracity judgements of six truthful and six deceptive verbal statements. In Study 2, 102 participants judged the veracity and indicated which cues influenced their veracity judgements of 24 truthful or 24 deceptive written statements.ResultsStudy 1 and Study 2 showed that the EFT ability of the sender affected subjective cue use. In Study 1, participants were influenced by different subjective cues when judging truthful (vs. deceptive) verbal statements. In Study 2, participants reported being influenced by the same cues in both veracity conditions. Study 1 showed that three cues mediated the relationship between EFT ability and veracity judgements. In Study 2, four cues mediated the EFT ability–veracity judgement relationship in the deceptive condition. There were no mediation effects in the truthful condition.ConclusionWe propose that EFT ability is an underlying cognitive mechanism involved in creating a credible demeanour which can affect participants' veracity judgements. The current results suggest that the cues present in higher EFT individual's accounts may be contributing to this credibility effect.
Novel urinary protein panels for the non‐invasive diagnosis of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and fibrosis stages
Authors: Feng Gong , Zhang Xiaoxun , Zhang Liangjun , Liu Wen‐Yue , Geng Shi , Yuan Hai‐Yang , Sha Jun‐Cheng , Wang Xiao‐Dong , Sun Dan‐Qin , Targher Giovanni , Byrne Christopher D. , Zheng Tian‐Lei , Ye Feng , Zheng Ming‐Hua , Chai Jin ,   CHESS‐MAFLD Consortium
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground & AimsThere is an unmet clinical need for non‐invasive tests to diagnose non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and individual fibrosis stages. We aimed to test whether urine protein panels could be used to identify NAFLD, NAFLD with fibrosis (stage F ≥ 1) and NAFLD with significant fibrosis (stage F ≥ 2).MethodsWe collected urine samples from 100 patients with biopsy‐confirmed NAFLD and 40 healthy volunteers, and proteomics and bioinformatics analyses were performed in this derivation cohort. Diagnostic models were developed for detecting NAFLD (UPNAFLD model), NAFLD with fibrosis (UPfibrosis model), or NAFLD with significant fibrosis (UPsignificant fibrosis model). Subsequently, the derivation cohort was divided into training and testing sets to evaluate the efficacy of these diagnostic models. Finally, in a separate independent validation cohort of 100 patients with biopsy‐confirmed NAFLD and 45 healthy controls, urinary enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay analyses were undertaken to validate the accuracy of these new diagnostic models.ResultsThe UPfibrosis model and the UPsignificant fibrosis model showed an AUROC of .863 (95% CI: .725–1.000) and 0.858 (95% CI: .712–1.000) in the training set; and .837 (95% CI: .711–.963) and .916 (95% CI: .825–1.000) in the testing set respectively. The UPNAFLD model showed an excellent diagnostic performance and the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) exceeded .90 in the derivation cohort. In the independent validation cohort, the AUROC for all three of the above diagnostic models exceeded .80.ConclusionsOur newly developed models constructed from urine protein biomarkers have good accuracy for non‐invasively diagnosing liver fibrosis in NAFLD.
Bereaved mothers' experience of expressing and donating breast milk: An interpretative phenomenological study
Authors: Ward Gráinne , Adair Pauline , Doherty Nicola , McCormack David 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPerinatal loss is a devastating event for any mother. What is often overlooked is a mothers continued ability to lactate following the death of her child. Donor breast milk is a commodity highly sought after given its value for feeding sick babies resident in Neonatal Intensive Care Units. This study aimed to explore the lived experience of mothers who have expressed and donated their breast milk following the loss of their infant. Seven bereaved mothers who donated milk to the Human Milk Bank in Northern Ireland were recruited. These women took part in semistructured interviews, which explored their experiences of perinatal loss and the role that expression/donation played for them in their grief. Their accounts were analysed using a qualitative interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) method. After transcription and analysis, three superordinate themes emerged; (1) fulfilling the mother role; (2) the power of being able to ‘Do’; (3) making good from the bad. The stories of these women reflect the independent and individual nature of grief. Each mother gained a great deal of comfort in having the ability to express milk. For some this created a physical connection to their child, for others, it created time alone to process what had happened and for all, it created a sense of autonomy and ownership in what was otherwise a very turbulent time in their lives.
How many seasonal workers from the Pacific have been employed in New Zealand since the RSE scheme began?
Authors: Bedford Richard , Bedford Charlotte 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis Research Note provides the first reliable figures on the numbers of seasonal workers from the Pacific Islands who participated in the Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) scheme between July 2007 and June 2022. The method for deriving these figures is explained briefly before examining the frequency of return by men and women for employment in subsequent seasons from the nine participating Pacific states. Clarification of the numbers of seasonal workers involved in the scheme, as distinct from work visas issued each year for RSE employment, is timely for two reasons. Firstly, the RSE scheme is under review in March 2023 by Immigration New Zealand. Secondly, the three major sources of Pacific seasonal labour are raising questions in 2023 about the impact of the scheme on their domestic labour markets and economies. Robust data on numbers of Pacific seasonal workers during the scheme's first 15 years contributes important information in both these contexts.