bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selenium in combination with a tomato lipid extract as a therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia and its alterations in rats with induced BPH
Authors: Arias‐Chávez David Julian , Mailloux‐Salinas Patrick , Ledesma Aparicio Jessica , Campos‐Pérez Elihu , Medina‐Campos Omar Noel , Pedraza‐Chaverri José , Bravo Guadalupe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common adenoma in old men. Tomatoes are a rich source of bioactive compounds that, as well as selenium (Se), possess antioxidant and antiproliferative activity. The aim was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Se in combination with a tomato extract in aged rats with BPH. Aged male Wistar rats were divided in the following groups (n = 10 rats/group): Control (C), BPH, BPH + Finasteride (BPH + F), BPH + Tomato Lipidic Extract (BPH + E), BPH + Selenium (BPH + S) and BPH plus E plus S (BPH + E + S). After 4 weeks of treatment, prostate weight, diuresis, antioxidants enzymes, prooxidants and inflammatory markers, growth factors and androgens were determined. BPH + E + S reduced prostate weight by 59.29% and inhibited growth by 99.35% compared to BPH + F which only decreased weight and inhibited growth by 15.31% and 57.54%, respectively. Prooxidant markers were higher with BPH + F (49.4% higher vs. BPH), but BPH + E + S decreased these markers (94.27% vs. BPH) and increased antioxidant activity. Finally, diuresis was higher with the BPH + E + S combination and markers of inflammation and growth factors were significantly lower with respect to BPH + F. Our findings provide a beneficial and protective therapeutic option of E + S directed against androgens, oxidative stress and inflammation that regulates cell proliferation in the prostate gland.
Evaluation of hydrogen peroxide permeability, color change, and physical–chemical properties on the in‐office dental bleaching with different mixing tip
Authors: Favoreto Michael Willian , Parreiras Sibelli Olivieri , Wendlinger Michel , Carneiro Taynara De Souza , Lenhani Mariah Ignez , Borges Christiane Phillipini Ferreira , Reis Alessandra , Loguercio Alessandro D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to assess hydrogen peroxide (HP) penetration into the pulp chamber, color change (CC), physical–chemical properties, and material wastage (MW) and material used (MU) in mixing tips when using in‐office bleaching gels with two different mixing tips.Materials and MethodsForty teeth were divided into five groups (n = 8) based on the bleaching gels used (Pola Office +37.5% [PO+] and Whiteness HP Automixx Plus 35% [AM+]) and the mixing tip types (T‐Mixer and Helical). A negative control group was treated with ultra‐purified water. HP concentration was measured using UV–Vis, and CC was evaluated with a digital spectrophotometer. Initial concentration, pH, and viscosity were measured through Titration, a Digital pH meter, and Rheometer, respectively. MW and MU were measured using a precise analytical balance. Statistical analysis included two‐way ANOVA, Tukey's, and Dunnett's test (α = 0.05).ResultsA higher HP concentration was observed with PO+ with the Helical mixing tip in comparison with AM+ (p = 0.01). No significant differences in CC or MU were found for different mixing tips (p = 0.001). The T‐mixer mixing tip resulted in significantly less MW (p < 0.00001) and improved mixture homogeneity and viscosity.ConclusionsUtilizing a T‐mixer with self‐mixing bleaching gels achieves comparable CC while reducing MW. Moreover, it decreases HP penetration when using PO+.Clinical SignificanceFor the application of a self‐mixing in‐office bleaching gel, a T‐mixer mixing tip should be recommended, as it reduces the penetration of hydrogen peroxide into the pulp chamber when using PO+, while also minimizing gel wastage.
A multi‐population approach supports common patterns in marine growth and maturation decision in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) from southern Europe
Authors: Tréhin Cécile , Rivot Etienne , Santanbien Valentin , Patin Rémi , Gregory Stephen D. , Lamireau Ludivine , Marchand Frédéric , Beaumont William R. C. , Scott Luke J. , Hillman Robert , Besnard Anne‐Laure , Boisson Pierre‐Yves , Meslier Lisa , King Andrew R. , Stevens Jamie R. , Nevoux Marie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study provides a regional picture of long‐term changes in Atlantic salmon growth at the southern edge of their distribution, using a multi‐population approach spanning 49 years and five populations. We provide empirical evidence of salmon life history being influenced by a combination of common signals in the marine environment and population‐specific signals. We identified an abrupt decline in growth from 1976 and a more recent decline after 2005. As these declines have also been recorded in northern European populations, our study significantly expands a pattern of declining marine growth to include southern European populations, thereby revealing a large‐scale synchrony in marine growth patterns for almost five decades. Growth increments during their sea sojourn were characterized by distinct temporal dynamics. At a coarse temporal resolution, growth during the first winter at sea seemed to gradually improve over the study period. However, the analysis of finer seasonal growth patterns revealed ecological bottlenecks of salmon life histories at sea in time and space. Our study reinforces existing evidence of an impact of early marine growth on maturation decision, with small‐sized individuals at the end of the first summer at sea being more likely to delay maturation. However, each population was characterized by a specific probabilistic maturation reaction norm, and a local component of growth at sea in which some populations have better growth in some years might further amplify differences in maturation rate. Differences between populations were smaller than those between sexes, suggesting that the sex‐specific growth threshold for maturation is a well‐conserved evolutionary phenomenon in salmon. Finally, our results illustrate that although most of the gain in length occurs during the first summer at sea, the temporal variability in body length at return is buffered against the decrease in post‐smolt growth conditions. The intricate combination of growth over successive seasons, and its interplay with the maturation decision, could be regulating body length by maintaining diversity in early growth trajectories, life histories, and the composition of salmon populations.
Characterization and storage stability of microencapsulated black jamun (Syzygium cumini) pulp extract via freeze drying
Authors: Sharma Maanas , Dash Kshirod Kumar , Badwaik Laxmikant S. , Bhagya Raj G. V. S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the present investigation, the black jamun extract was used to prepare microcapsules by freeze‐drying method with three different wall materials: maltodextrin, guar gum, and xanthan gum. The formed microcapsules were analyzed for different physicochemical properties. Moisture content and water activity were less than 6.50 g water/ 100 g and 0.38, respectively, indicating that the microbial activity can be restricted. The formed microcapsules were purple in color suggested by the positive values of color parameter “a”. The hygroscopicity, solubility, and degree of caking for the microcapsules were found to be in the range of 11.14–15.77 g/100 g, 70.12%–76.36%, and 22.31%–30.22%, respectively. The glass transition temperature was in the range of 88–135°C for the formed microcapsules. The encapsulation efficiency, total anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity were higher for the maltodextrin‐based microcapsule that was found to be 71.88%, 6.01 C‐3‐G mg/g and 94.16% DPPH radical scavenging activity, respectively.Practical applicationBlack jamun (Syzygium cumini) is a rich source of anthocyanin which is unstable due to light, oxygen and temperature. Moreover the fruit also contain health beneficial substances that are unstable at normal conditions. Therefore, the encapsulation method can improve the stability of the compounds and improve the release of active component in the microcapsule in food. Microencapsulation provide barrier to temperature, light and pH. In food industry microcapsules containing agricultural produce extract can be used for the fortification of food products in enhancing the nutritive value of the product while processing.
Fix my food: An urgent call to action from adolescents on how they experience and want to see change in their food systems
Authors: Fleming Catharine A. K. , Sharma Deepika , Brunacci Kaitlyn , Chandra Shiva , Lala Girish , Munn Luke , Third Amanda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlobal food systems are failing adolescents. Poor diet quality driving malnutrition among adolescents around the world and the quality of foods eaten by adolescents not only determines their health and development, but also is the foundation of thriving communities. The present study aimed to engage adolescents across low‐income, middle‐income and high‐income countries to determine their lived experience of food, food systems and the challenges they face within their food systems.MethodsThe study used the Distributed Data Generation method pioneered by the Young and Resilient Research Centre, at Western Sydney University, to conduct workshops with adolescents aged 10–19 years across the globe in collaboration with UNICEF. Participatory workshops were designed to capture qualitative data on adolescents lived experiences and perspectives of their food systems, food sustainability and food security, and how improvements can be made. Thematic analysis was undertaken to analyse qualitative data. Descriptive statistics were generated for demographic data captured.ResultsSix hundred and forty adolescents across 18 countries participated. Three key themes emerged, which included experiences of food, challenges to food systems and strengthening food systems. Adolescents saw potential in empowering communities to create change and contribute to food system transformation. Adolescents called for inclusion in decision‐making from local food practice to large global policy development.ConclusionsThe study results demonstrated how adolescents experience their food systems and want to see sustainable change, although they also want to be a part of the change. Adolescents described that there needs to be an active choice to work with them, listen to their lived experience and across all levels of society strengthen food systems. To achieve this, adolescents need to be involved in decision‐making around their food systems for a sustainable future.
Experiences and care needs of post‐discharge patients who underwent cardiac surgery: A qualitative study
Authors: Makino Akiko , Nakata Satoshi , Yoshida Toshiko 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThis study clarifies the physical, psychological, and social forms of distress in, and care needs of, cardiac surgery patients, including optimal times for supporting them in their post‐hospital discharge daily lives.MethodsSemi‐structured qualitative interviews were conducted. Participants included 12 adults (11 male and one female, mean age = 66.5 years) who had undergone cardiac surgery, experienced intensive care, and received outpatient care at the first post‐discharge visit (around 2 ~ 3 weeks after discharge), around 3 months after discharge, and between 3 months and 1 year after discharge. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed based on similarities and differences for codes based on assessment items, and subcategories and categories were generated.ResultsAfter surgery, patients experienced physical, psychological, and social distress. First, they experienced physical pain shortly after discharge. Moreover, as they recovered at home, a gap between their sense of their recovery and the perceptions of those around them about their recovery often persisted, which led to psychological and social distress. Patients gained a sense of safety through “assurance of physical recovery” and security through “shared subjective distress.”ConclusionsPost‐cardiac surgery patients seek reassurance and safety by sharing experiences owing to daily life distress. Our findings could help provide better support to meet the care needs of such patients.
Media Treatment of Monetary Policy Surprises and Their Impact on Firms' and Consumers' Expectations
Authors: PINTER JULIEN , KOČENDA EVŽEN 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe investigate whether monetary policy announcements affect firms' and consumers' expectations by considering their media treatment. We initially use standard monetary policy surprise measures and analyze how the main general newspapers in France report on the announcements. Eighty‐five percent of the monetary policy surprises are either not associated with the newspapers reporting a change in the monetary policy stance or have a sign inconsistent with the media report. Only when we consider media‐consistent monetary policy surprises do we find that consumers and firms respond to monetary policy announcements. The economic tonality of the media reports drives the sign of consumers' response.
Brain hypometabolism in non‐demented microtubule‐associated protein tau H1 carriers with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Gasca‐Salas Carmen , Trompeta Clara , López‐Aguirre Miguel , Rodríguez Rojas Rafael , Clarimon Jordi , Dols‐Icardo Oriol , El Bounasri Shaimaa , Guida Pasqualina , Mata‐Marín David , Hernández‐Fernández Frida , Marras Connie , García‐Cañamaque Lina , Plaza de las Heras Isabel , Obeso Ignacio , Vela Lydia , Fernández‐Rodríguez Beatriz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe microtubule‐associated protein tau (MAPT) H1 homozygosity (H1/H1 haplotype) is a genetic risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). MAPT H1 homozygosity has been associated with conversion to PD; however, results are conflicting since some studies did not find a strong influence. Cortical hypometabolism is associated with cognitive impairment in PD. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the metabolic pattern in nondemented PD patients MAPT H1/H1 carriers in comparison with MAPT H1/H2 haplotype. In addition, we evaluated domain‐specific cognitive differences according to MAPT haplotype.MethodsWe compared a group of 26 H1/H1 and 20 H1/H2 carriers with late‐onset PD. Participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological cognitive evaluation and a [18F]‐Fluorodeoxyglucose PET‐MR scan.ResultsMAPT H1/H1 carriers showed worse performance in the digit span forward test of attention compared to MAPT H1/H2 carriers. In the [18F]‐Fluorodeoxyglucose PET comparisons, MAPT H1/H1 displayed hypometabolism in the frontal cortex, parahippocampal, and cingulate gyrus, as well as in the caudate and globus pallidus.ConclusionPD patients MAPT H1/H1 carriers without dementia exhibit relative hypometabolism in several cortical areas as well as in the basal ganglia, and worse performance in attention than MAPT H1/H2 carriers. Longitudinal studies should assess if lower scores in attention and dysfunction in these areas are predictors of dementia in MAPT H1/H1 homozygotes.
Local injection of abaloparatide promotes mandibular condyle lengthening in adolescent rats via enhancing chondrogenesis and ossification
Authors: Xu Lin , Li Yuan , Mei Li , Qi Hexu , Fang Jie , Li Yu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundMandibular condylar hypoplasia negatively affects patient's facial appearance and dentofacial function.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of local injection of the drug abaloparatide (ABL), an analogue of parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP), on promoting lengthening of the mandibular condyle.MethodsThirty adolescent male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, which received the injection of ABL or normal saline (the control) every 3 days in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cavity. Cone‐beam computed tomography and immunohistochemistry assays were performed at 2, 4 and 6 weeks since the injection. Mandibular condylar chondrocytes (MCC) and pre‐osteoblasts were treated with ABL or PBS, followed by the CCK‐8 detection, IC50, real‐time PCR assay, Western Blot and immunofluorescence staining.ResultsIn vivo, compared with the control, the ABL group significantly increased the mandibular condylar process length (by 1.34 ± 0.59 mm at 6 weeks), the thickness of the cartilage layer, and enhanced the matrix synthesis. The ABL group had significant up‐regulation of SOX 9, COL II, PTHrP and PTH1R, down‐regulation of COL X in the cartilage, up‐regulation of RUNX 2, and unchanged osteoclastogenesis in the subchondral bone. In vitro, the intra‐TMJ injection of ABL promoted the MCC proliferation, with up‐regulated expression of chondrogenic genes, and enhanced osteogenic differentiation of the pre‐osteoblasts.ConclusionsIntra‐TMJ injection of abaloparatide promotes mandibular condyle lengthening in the adolescent rats via enhancing chondrogenesis in the mandibular condylar cartilage and ossification in the subchondral bone.
Correlation of clinical and radiographic variables in cats with lower airway disease
Authors: Gareis Hannah , Hörner‐Schmid Lina , Zablotski Yury , Palić Jelena , Hecht Silke , Schulz Bianka 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundFeline lower airway disease (FLAD) is frequently associated with radiographic abnormalities.ObjectivesTo evaluate whether radiographic changes in cats with naturally occurring FLAD improve with treatment and if radiographic changes correlate with clinical signs.AnimalsTwenty‐four client‐owned cats newly diagnosed with FLAD, based on medical history, typical clinical signs, radiographic findings, and examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, were included in the prospective study.MethodsAt 2 examination time points (days 0 and 60), an owner questionnaire, clinical examination, and thoracic radiography were carried out. Information from the questionnaire and clinical examination were evaluated on the basis of a 12‐point clinical score. Radiographs were assessed using a 10‐point radiographic score. Individual treatment was given to all cats over the study period, based on severity of the disease and compliance of the cat. Clinical and radiographic scores were compared statistically for both examination time points and evaluated for correlation.ResultsAll cats showed radiographic abnormalities at initial presentation. In addition to significant improvement in clinical variables, the total radiographic score improved significantly (P = .01) during the study period, with significant improvement in the severity of bronchial (P = .01) and interstitial lung pattern (P = .04). Improvement of the clinical and radiographic score was not correlated.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceIn addition to clinical signs, repeated radiographic examination can be used as a diagnostic tool to evaluate treatment response in cats with FLAD.
Growth and opportunities for drone surveillance in pinniped research
Authors: Larsen Gregory D. , Johnston David W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPinniped species undergo uniquely amphibious life histories that make them valuable subjects for many domains of research. Pinniped research has often progressed hand‐in‐hand with technological frontiers of wildlife biology, and drones represent a leap forward for methods of aerial remote sensing, enabling data collection, and integration at new scales of biological importance. Drone methods and data types provide four key opportunities for wildlife surveillance that are already advancing pinniped research and management: 1) repeat and on‐demand surveillance, 2) high‐resolution coverage at large extents, 3) morphometric photogrammetry, and 4) computer vision and deep learning applications. Drone methods for pinniped research represent early stages of technological adoption and can reshape the field as they scale towards the full potential of their techniques.
The Behavioral and Neurobiological Relationships between Executive Function and Reading: A Review of Current and Preliminary Findings
Authors: Burgess Andrea N. , Cutting Laurie E. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTDespite decades of prior research, the mechanisms of skilled reading development remain elusive. Numerous studies have identified word recognition and oral language ability as key components to explain later reading comprehension performance. However, these components alone do not fully explain differences in reading achievement. There is ongoing work exploring other cognitive processes important for reading, such as the set of skills encompassed in the domain‐general concept of executive function (EF). Here, we summarize our work on the behavioral and neurobiological connections between EF and reading and present preliminary neuroimaging findings from ongoing work. Together, these studies suggest (1) that EF plays a supportive and perhaps indirect role in reading achievement and (2) that EF‐related brain regions interface with the reading and language networks. While further work is needed to dissect the specifics of how EF interacts with reading, these studies begin to reveal the complex role that EF plays in reading development.
Home Enrichment Is Associated with Visual Working Memory Function in Preschoolers
Authors: Davidson Christina , Caes Line , Shing Yee Lee , McKay Courtney , Rafetseder Eva , Wijeakumar Sobanawartiny 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHome enrichment plays an important role in shaping children's development. In the current study, we inquired whether home enrichment was associated with pre‐schoolers' visual working memory (VWM) function, a critical cognitive system necessary for maintaining information for short periods of time. Home enrichment was assessed using an adapted version of the Home Observation Measurement of the Environment Interview. VWM behavior and brain function were collected as children engaged with a color change detection task. Home enrichment was associated with right‐lateralized fronto‐parietal engagement. Specifically, greater home enrichment was linked to increased activation in the right angular gyrus, important for working memory maintenance, and suppression in the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), important for re‐orienting attention to distracting events. Critically, home enrichment‐related rIFG suppression was linked to better VWM performance. This work sheds light on potential mechanism(s) through which enrichment in homes might be involved with cognitive function during the preschool years.
Plumbing the depths with environmental DNA (eDNA): Metabarcoding reveals biodiversity zonation at 45–60 m on mesophotic coral reefs
Authors: Hoban Mykle L. , Bunce Michael , Bowen Brian W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) are tropical reefs found at depths of ~30–150 m, below the region most heavily impacted by heat stress and other disturbances. Hence, MCEs may serve as potential refugia for threatened shallow reefs, but they also harbour depth‐endemic fauna distinct from shallow reefs. Previous studies have characterized biodiversity patterns along depth gradients, but focussed primarily on conspicuous taxa (fishes, corals, etc.). Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding offers a more holistic approach to assess biodiversity patterns across the tree of life. Here, we use three metabarcoding assays targeting fishes (16S rRNA), eukaryotes (18S rDNA) and metazoans (COI) to assess biodiversity change from the surface to ~90 m depth across 15‐m intervals at three sites within the Hawaiian Archipelago. We observed significant community differences between most depth zones, with distinct zonation centred at 45–60 m for eukaryotes and metazoans, but not for fishes. This finding may be attributable to the higher mobility of reef fishes, although methodological limitations are likely a contributing factor. The possibility for MCEs to serve as refugia is not excluded for fishes, but invertebrate communities >45 m are distinct, indicating limited connectivity for the majority of reef fauna. This study provides a new approach for surveying biodiversity on MCEs, revealing patterns in a much broader context than the limited‐taxon studies that comprise the bulk of our present knowledge.