bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly efficient centrifugal compressors series development for the turbo-cooling machines
Authors: Danilishin Aleksei , Kozhukhov Yuri V 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: Currently, there is a growing demand for single-stage centrifugal compressors with a high pressure ratio. Such requirements encourage the use of high-pressure stages with high circumferential speeds u2 300 m/s, which leads to increased levels of Mach number and, as a consequence, pressure losses. Work to improve the efficiency of such steps leads to a reduction in energy consumption and an increase in the cooling capacity of refrigerating machines.
AIMS: To develop a series of ten highly efficient high-head model centrifugal compressors with the pressure ratio of c = 2.0.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: a complex calculation technique developed by the authors is used to increase the efficiency of the stages of centrifugal compressors. The method consists of sequential execution of 4 stages: gas dynamic calculation, profiling, three-dimensional viscous calculation, multiparametric optimization.
RESULTS: a series of the model centrifugal compressors has been designed for the following range of design mode parameters: conditional flow coefficient 0.035 Fr0.12; theoretical head coefficient t.p. =0.74; conditional Mach number 0.93Mu0.96. The estimated isentropic efficiency of the developed centrifugal compressors ranges from 77% to 84%, depending on the flow rate of the stage.
CONCLUSIONS: a series of ten highly efficient flow parts of centrifugal compressors have been developed, which can be used in gas-dynamic projects when designing modern centrifugal compressors.
Socio-demographic and clinico-pathological analysis of cervical cancer patients at a tertiary care centre in South-south Nigeria
Authors: Alegbeleye Justina O. , Nyeche Solomon , Jaja Merry A. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Cervical cancer is a significant public health burden in low- and middle-income countries where access to screening and treatment is limited. It is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women in Africa, often due to late presentation and diagnosis. Aim of this study was to determine the socio-demographic and clinical profile of cervical cancer patients and their relationship with tumour related factors.
Methods: This was a retrospective review of all cases of histologically confirmed cervical cancer patients managed at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, over a 5-year period. A data collection form was used to obtain socio-demographic characteristics and clinical profile from the patients’ case records.
Results: The mean age of the women was 53.3±8 years, with the highest prevalence in the 55-64 age group 26 (33.3%). Majority 59 (74.4%) of the women were multiparous, and 50 (64.1%) were married. Most 32 (41%) had primary education and about one-third 24 (30.8%) were farmers. The most common clinical features were vaginal bleeding, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, pelvic pain, and weight loss 46 (59%), while squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the predominant histological type 56 (71.8%). Only 9 (11.5%) had any form of screening for early detection of cervical cancer. Most 31 (39%) of the patients presented with stage III disease, with a median hemoglobin level of 6.8 (2.3) g/dl before treatment. About two-third 54 (69%) of them had severe anaemia. There was significant association between marital status and histological type (X2 = 42.096, p-value = 0.001). Use of oral contraceptive pills (X2 = 7.602, p-value =0.04) and menopausal state (X2 = 6828, p-value =0.05), were significantly associated with cancer stage.
Conclusions: There is an urgent need to scale up advocacy for regular screening for cervical cancer and vaccination, to ensure increased awareness, early detection, and prevent the progression of early disease.
Bacteriological profile and antibiogram of uropathogens isolated from obstetrics and gynaecology patients in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Mudey Gargi , Devi Akoijam N. , Sahu Gaurav , Mahajan Sheetal , Meshram Supriya 
Published: May 2023

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common complication occurring in obstetric patients, posing adverse risks to both the mother and fetus. The aim of this study is to analyse the bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of uropathogens in obstetrics and gynaecology ward for the effective treatment.
Methods: A total of 404 urine samples from pregnant women with different gestational age were processed for the isolation of uropathogens and tested against ten classes of antibiotics. Uropathogens from significant bacteriuria cases were isolated and identified by standard procedures from January 2020 to December 2021. Antibiotic susceptibility was studied by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method.
Results: Significant bacteriuria in 16.3% samples, Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most common uropathogens followed by Enterococcus sp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). E. coli showed highest resistance to ceftazidime, cotrimoxazole and ciprofloxacin while exhibiting high sensitivity to imipenem, meropenem, and amikacin. Moreover, major proportion of isolates of K. pneumoniae were resistant against ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and nitrofurantoin; and for Enterococcus species against penicillin and gentamycin, but 100% sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin, and 92.3% to linezolid.
Conclusions: There is a need for screening of antenatal patients for UTI and it is recommended that pregnant women should undergo periodic screening for UTI, so as to monitor the sensitivity pattern of the uropathogens and for the development of specific antibiotic policies based on local susceptibility patterns.
A cross sectional knowledge, attitude and practice study for copper IUCD in a tertiary care centre in New Delhi
Authors: Mohapatra Arpita 
Published: May 2023

Background: The postpartum period is one of the most sensitive period in a woman’s life. To prevent unwanted pregnancies and promote optimal interpregnancy interval, effective contraception should be discussed and offered at that time. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of postpartum intrauterine device in antenatal patients attending OPD.
Methods: A cross sectional, hospital based descriptive study was conducted from the month of September to November 2021 in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi. The total number of patients recruited in the study were 750. A total of 600 patients delivered and 150 were lost to follow up. The antenatal patients attending the OPD were provided with a structured questionnaire to assess the knowledge and attitude to copper IUCD usage.
Results: Most of the patients belonged to the age group of 20-25 years. The majority of the patients were Illiterate and multigravidas (65%). Around 71% of the patients attending OPD were aware of Copper IUCD as a method of contraception. Whereas only 31% of patients were convinced of the safety of Copper IUCD. About 62% were apprehensive to use Copper IUCD. Of the 600 patients delivered in our hospital, PPIUCD was inserted in 216 (36%) patients.
Conclusions: The study reveals good knowledge and favorable attitude of patients for PPIUCD as method of contraception. But it also depicts a low acceptance and usage of the same. The various reasons for this are mainly illiteracy, ignorance, social and religious taboos etc. Hence it is suggested that community education, addressing unwarranted fears of patients, incorporation of family planning in maternal and child health services etc. should be done to improve the acceptance and thereby usage of PPIUCD in patients.
Comparision of efficacy of visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid, Pap smear and colposcopy for prevention of cervical cancer
Authors: Rajkumar  , Kumawat Himantika , Sharma Mamta , Vijay Aushima 
Published: May 2023

Background: Cervical cancer is second most common cancer in women globally. Overall 80% cases occurs in developing countries. An important reason for the high incidence of cervical cancer in developing countries is the lack of effective screening programs to detect precancerous conditions and treat before it progresses to invasive cancer due to severe restrictions on the availability of infrastructure, resources and funding. Aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of VIA, Pap smear and colposcopy with colposcopic directed biopsy (as a gold standard).
Methods: This prospective analytical study was conducted on 200 women’s (age>19 years) with abnormal cervix in the Department Of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government Medical College Kota from 1 august 2020 to 31 July 2022 who fulfil the Inclusion criteria. All the Symptomatic patients with symptoms like vaginal discharge postcoital bleeding, itching, and other gynaecological problems along with asymptomatic patients with accidental finding of bad cervix (cervical erosion).
Results: Maximum cases had common complaint of discharge per vaginum (60.55%), followed by post coital bleeding (11.5%). VIA when compared with HPR, had sensitivity 94.85% and specificity 74.76% and corresponding PPV 78% and NPV 94%. Paps smear when compared with HPR, the sensitivity was 62.89% and specificity was 89.32% and corresponding PPV 84.72% and NPV 71.88%. Colposcopy when compared with Histopathological report, the sensitivity was 70% and specificity was 91.26% and corresponding PPV 88.3% and NPV 76.4%.
Conclusions: Best result for early detection of pre-invasive lesions could be with combined use of Pap smear, VIA, colposcopy and colposcopy guided biopsy rather than any individual diagnostic procedure. It will immensely reduce the morbidity and mortality.
Fetomaternal outcome in pregnant women with derranged thyroid function
Authors: Popli Sangeeta , Shreshta Jandrasupalli , Dath S. Suman , Sharma Manisha 
Published: May 2023

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is the second most common endocrine disorder observed during pregnancy after diabetes. Universal screening of thyroid disorders is recommended in the first trimester of pregnancy. The present study aims to determine the fetomaternal outcome in women with thyroid dysfunction.
Methods: The study was a prospective observational study conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hindu Rao Hospital and North DMC Medical College, Delhi from January 2019 to June 2022. It was approved by Institutional Ethics Committee. Pregnant women aged 18 to 40 years up to 20 weeks of gestational age with singleton pregnancy were included in this study. All the data was entered in pre designed proforma. The data analysis was done by statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0.
Results: A total of 110 pregnant women were included in the study. 55 pregnant women with thyroid dysfunction were taken as study group and 55 euthyroid pregnant women were taken as controls. With respect to maternal complications, neonatal birth weight and Apgar score in the study group are significant.
Conclusions: Timely screening for thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy will reduce fetomaternal complications.
Maternal near miss and maternal death among women with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: an observational study in a selected hospital in West Bengal
Authors: Maity Sima , Chaudhuri Snehamay , Ghosh Pramit 
Published: May 2023

Background: Aim of the this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertensive disorder in pregnancy and the incidence of maternal death and maternal near miss from the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and utilization of maternal health care services by them.
Methods: An observational study was performed at Purba Medinipur District Hospital, West Bengal from 1st April 2018 to 31st December 2020. The main outcome measures included incidence of potentially life threatening conditions, life threatening conditions maternal near miss cases and mortality developed due to PIH/preeclampsia/eclampsia and utilization of maternal health care services by them.
Results: Present study reflected that the prevalence of hypertensive disorder in pregnancy was 9.01% (3543/39310) of total admission. The incidence of maternal mortality due to complication of hypertensive disorder was 7 out of total maternal mortality 30 during that period i.e. 23.3% of total mortality and incidence of MNM was 82 out of total 249 MNM cases during the same period i.e. 32.9% of total MNM cases. Utilization of maternal health care services revealed that there is a scope to increase the service delivery.
Conclusions: Health care programmes need to enhance the existing efforts to improve timely health seeking behavior of women. There is a need of better quality antenatal care and extra resources are needed for identification and transportation of the women to reach hospital when the women develops complications. There is also a need of improvement of critical care in women who are suffering from life threatening condition.
A study on fetomaternal outcome in prelabour rupture of membrane conducted at tertiary health care centre at Rajkot, Gujarat, India
Authors: Dudhrajia Kavita , Chauhan Tinjal 
Published: May 2023

Background: Prelabour rupture of membrane is defined as a rupture of membrane before onset of labour and in the absence of uterine contraction. When it occurs before 37weeks it defined as a preterm PROM. One of the most common complication is preterm delivery approximately 7-10% and account for 1-2% of foetal death. Most commonly associated with subclinical UTI.
Methods: A prospective study was conducted from (June 2021-June 2022) at a tertiary health care hospital. All female with spontaneous rupture of membrane after 28weeks of gestation.
Results: In present study total 200 cases taken and incidence of department was 6.76%,varies between 2% to18% commonly involved age groups belongs to 20-24 years, at 35 -36 weeks (52%) and with high vaginal delivery rate (approximately) with average baby weight between 2.1-2.5 kg with more than 7 APGAR score, more in multigravida.
Conclusions: Incidence of prelabour rupture of membrane can be reduced by early diagnosis of subclinical UTI in antenatal visits.
Incidental finding of unilateral partial agenesis of fallopian tube with complete agenesis of ipsilateral ovary during caesarean section with neonatal outcome
Authors: Prajapati Pooja 
Published: May 2023

Congenital unilateral absence of fallopian tube with ipsilateral ovarian agenesis is a rare occurrence with a suggested incidence of 1:11240. Unilateral ovarian agenesis (UOA) and fallopian descent problems are other very rare congenital entity. We presented a case report, detailing one such patient where unilateral partial fallopian tube and ipsilateral ovarian agenesis was seen with neonatal outcome. Our case describes 28 years old G5P2L2A2 un booked case with an obstetric history of 2 spontaneous abortion and two previous full term institutional normal vaginal deliveries (both female child) presented at 37 weeks of gestation with borderline oligo hydramnios (USG suggestive of AFI- 9.1 cm), Posterior placenta, EFW- 2003 g, single loop of cord around fetal neck. On repeat scan USG suggestive of AFI-7.7cm, with discrepancy of >2 weeks between POG and LMP IUGR. Elective caesarean section done after patient and relatives counselling and informed consent done. During C- section unilateral partial agenesis of right fallopian tube and complete agenesis of right ovary found incidentally. The left fallopian tube and ovary was normal. A male baby with birth weight 2.2 kg, well cried was born. USG abdomen of baby was performed to rule out any congenital genitourinary abnormalities. USG revealed, a small aplastic left kidney, for which baby was referred to higher center for further renal function workup. This case was unique since the incidental diagnosis of right ovary and right fallopian tube agenesis occurred during C section instead of imaging.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on child development: systematic review
Authors: Kaur Ravneet , Dahiya Dipsha 
Published: May 2023

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged as a global health issue in December 2019 which lead to the sudden implementation of social distancing norms worldwide, including school closures. This stress scenario can alter physical activity and sleep, which are shown to have a profound impact on brain plasticity. The PubMed, Europe PMC, Google Scholar and Science Direct database was searched between July 1st 2022 and September 20th 2022. The inclusion criteria was a) articles in English, b) Articles with study population as children and the exclusion criteria was a) Articles whose full text couldn't be obtained, b) journals not accessible online. After thorough analysis of 2371 records and removing the studies following the exclusion criteria, a total of 7 studies were included in this review. The results of these studies were tabulated. Among the 4.4 million COVID-19 deaths reported in the MPIDR COVerAGE database, 0.4% occurred in children and adolescents under 20 years of age. Expectant mothers were reluctant to attend clinics and were delayed in seeking treatment, due to the fear of being exposed to the virus. Maternal stress is thought to affect early structures of the developing limbic system. These can be potentially related factors and causes of neuropsychiatric disorders in children. Due to the protracted lockdown’s impact on the economy, food shortages and an increase in food prices resulted in children not receiving the required nutrients. Before being confined to the home, toddlers had more opportunity to advance their motor development at a more complex level while acquiring more communication structures. Information about the impact of lockdown due to an epidemic on motor development of children is relevant to policy makers to aid them in developing strategies to help children cope with epidemic/pandemic-driven adversity and ensure their healthy development.
Development Of A Cloud-Based Condition Monitoring Scheme For Distribution Transformer Protection
Authors: Abdullateef Ayodele Isqeel , Issa Abdulkabir Olatunji , Sulaiman Abdullah , Salami Momoh-Jimoh Eyiomoka , Otuoze Abdulrahaman Okino 
Published: May 2023

Distribution transformers are a necessity to ensure a reliable power supply to consumers and their inability to function properly or even breakdown should be avoided due to the high cost of replacing them. Distribution transformers are large in numbers and randomly distributed in cities and there is a need to accurately monitor their daily/hourly performance. To achieve this, real-time monitoring of the transformer’s health status is proposed rather than the use of the traditional approach involving physical inspection and testing which is slow, tedious and time-consuming. This paper presents a cloud-based monitoring scheme applied to a prototype distribution transformer. A 10kVA, 0.415 kV prototype distribution transformer has been acquired and connected to three residences for data acquisition. A data acquisition system has been developed to monitor and record the parameters of the prototype transformer for 14 days. The parameters, monitored in real-time include load current, phase voltage, transformer oil level, ambient temperature and oil temperature. The acquired real-time data of the transformer is validated with the standard measuring instrument. An algorithm was developed to transmit and log the data to ThinkSpeak cloud server via node MCU (ESP 8266). Results obtained in this study, which can be visualized via the graphical user interface of ThinkSpeak, indicate that the proposed scheme can acquire vital data from the distribution transformers and transmit the information to the monitoring centre.
Educação inclusiva e diversidade no ensino superior
Authors: Rezende Macedo Cleuza , Aline de Freitas Cinara 
Published: May 2023

O presente estudo buscou compreender o que se tem construído no campo da ciência sobre a inclusão no âmbito acadêmico. Como aporte teórico utilizou-se uma pesquisa por meio do estado da arte. A pesquisa traz um levantamento bibliográfico sobre trabalhos que apresentam os eixos: educação inclusiva, ensino superior e diversidade. Concluímos que como estado da arte, foi possível mapear as publicações que versam sobre educação inclusiva no ensino superior (ES) no período de 2015 a 2020, em periódicos e dissertações produzidos na área de educação inclusiva. Embora o estado da arte tenha apresentado diversos temas diretamente ou indiretamente correlatos ao presente estudo. O mesmo não foi capaz de elucidar o problema da pesquisa, mas apresentou lacunas diretamente relacionadas a educação inclusiva no ES como a falta de formação inicial e continuada de professores, inúmeros problemas relativos à acessibilidade para o acesso e permanência desses estudantes e avaliação da aprendizagem no Ensino Superior. A pequena quantidade de periódicos selecionados demonstra que o campo de estudo no ES ainda carece de publicações. Como resultados, ainda em construção, destacamos que a educação inclusiva no ensino superior amparada pela legislação vigente, ainda, precisa de alguns cuidados, uma vez que há uma legislação que atende satisfatoriamente às demandas da educação inclusiva, é na prática na sua operacionalização que as dificuldades são encontradas. É uma área que nos instiga maiores abordagens teóricas, mais pesquisas e publicações.
Uji aktivitas antibakteri kombinasi ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh dan daun pepaya terhadap bakteriStaphylococcus aureus dan Eschericia coli
Authors: Qorik’ah Lulul Ulfatun , Putri Amalia Eka , Huda Choirul 
Published: May 2023

Penyakit infeksi merupakan masalah terbesar dalam dunia kesehatan dan menjadi penyebab utama angka kematian di Indonesia. Bakteri yang menyebabkan infeksi adalah Staphylococcus aureus dan Eschericia coli. Meluasnya penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan resistensi antibiotik. Untuk mengurangi adanya resistensi terhadap antibiotik diperlukan pengobatan dengan alternatif lain seperti menggunakan bahan alam yang memiliki senyawa antibakteri sebagai obat tradisional. Salah satunya adalah daun belimbing wuluh dan daun pepaya.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas kombinasi ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh dan daun pepaya sebagai antibakteri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimental. Sampel daun belimbing wuluh dan daun pepaya di maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% yang kemudian di uji fitokimia secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Uji aktivitas kombinasi DBWDP digunakan perbandingan 1:1,5, 1:3, 2:1,5. Analisa hasil dilakukan dengan uji Kruskall Wallis dan Mann Whitney. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri kombinasi daun belimbing wuluh daun pepaya menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antibakteri yang lebih poten ke bakteri Eschericia coli daripada Staphylococcus aureus. Kombinasi DBWDP teraktif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dengan rata rata zona hambat sebesar sebesar 7,66 mm terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 dan sebesar 10 mm terhadap bakteri Eschericia coli ATCC 25922.