bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Beverages on the Elastic Properties of NiTi Orthodontic Wires: An In-Vitro Study
Authors: Aldayel Eyad Saud A , Tashkandi Nada Esam A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the effects of 8 different beverages (coffee, energy drink, milk, mineral water, orange juice, soft drink, tea and orange soda) on elastic properties of Nickel Titanium (NiTi) orthodontic archwires.
Materials and Methods
In this in-vitro study, 0.016x0.022 NiTi archwires were assigned to different immersion groups. The archwires were immersed in the corresponding solution for 5 minutes per week for a 12-week period. After immersion, all wires were tested for their physical properties using 3-point bending test to determine the maximum loading, flexural strength and strain, and modulus of elasticity.
Results
A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in mean max load between groups was found with the control group having higher values than all immersed groups. Flexure stress, flexure strain and modulus of elasticity showed a statistically significant difference between the groups with the control group, again, having the highest value.
Conclusion
This study’s findings found a significant change after the immersion of the wires in flexural strength, strain, and other mechanical properties. The orthodontist must educate the patient regarding the adverse effect of these drinks and be aware of the potential effects on NiTi properties when left in the mouth for extended periods.
Clinical relevance:
Investigating the potential effects of commonly consumed beverages on NiTi archwires can help the clinician in understanding the possible consequences of using the same NiTi archwire for multiple activation visits.
Characterization of Tropical forests at community level-Spectra Vs. Phenology Vs. Structure
Authors: Singhal Jayant , Rajwadi Ankur , Malek Gulzar , Nagar P. S. , Rajashekar G. , Reddy C. Sudhakar , Sriva S. K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Since the inception of satellite remote sensing as a technology, characterization of forests has been one of the major application of it. Characterization of forests at Species level is essential for sustainable management of biodiversity. Recent advancements in remote sensing as a technology has enable us to observe not only the reflectance spectra of forests from space, but also their phenology and structure. In this study Earth Observation (EO) datasets were divided into 3 parts namely spectral data, structural and phenological data. Random forest algorithm was applied on the 3 sets of EO data and field inventory-based tree community classes to generate tree community maps of Purna wildlife sanctuary. Classification accuracy achieved from spectral datasets (79.08% to 87.23%) was more than phenological dataset (80.94%) which was more than structural datasets (74.11% to 81.49%). A model with combination of predictors from the 3 datasets increased the classification accuracy to 90.29%. Some salient findings of this study are 1) in general with the current sensors the accuracies achieved for tree community mapping is Spectral datasets> Phenological datasets> Structural datasets 2) Significant increase in accuracy can be achieved by combining the three datasets 3) In case of spectral datasets, the last image before the start of monsoon season gave the best accuracy 4) In the case of spectral datasets, relatively modern spectral bands contributed significantly more to the model as compared to trivial bands.
A context-aggregated attention model for predicting KRAS mutation status in colorectal cancer
Authors: Gu Chunxia , Zhao Lin , Du Chenting , Miao Yu , Zhang Linan , Yang Qianqian , Zhao Juanjuan , Qiang Yan , Zhao Qinghua , Yu Xiao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Accurate identification of kratom sarcoma(KRAS) gene mutation status is of great significance for prognosis and treatment response in colorectal cancer. However, MRI images of colorectal cancer suffer from complex background, variable shape of the same type of lesion, and current network models do not conform to end-to-end learning, so accurate identification of KRAS gene mutation status is still challenging.
Methods: In this research, we propose a Context-Aggregated Attention Model(CAAM) for predicting KRAS mutation status in colorectal cancer. The model's general framework comprises a segmentation framework and a classification framework, where segmentation aids in the classification process. Initially, the pre-processed MRI images are fed into the modified TransUNet to generate segmentation feature maps. These segmented feature maps are then combined with the preprocessed image to create a bootstrap feature map. The bootstrap feature map guides Mask-Guided Module(MGM) and the Contextual Aggregation Convolution module(CAC) to derive the final classification results. To train the network, we employ a combined loss function that incorporates both segmentation and classification losses.
Results: We trained the network using a ten-fold cross-validation method and evaluated our model using the T2-weighted MRI dataset. The experiments demonstrated that our model achieved an accuracy of 87.56% on the test dataset, outperforming the results of the comparative experiments.
Conclusion: The results indicate that our proposed context-aggregated attention model can provide new perspectives and approaches for the auxiliary treatment of colorectal cancer.
A Leader Follower Algorithm Based Path Navigation Approach for Multiple Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Mukherjee Subhradip , Kumar Rajagopal , Borah Siddhanta 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Multi-agent path navigation in unknown environments is a challenging task where an effective device-to-device communication-based algorithm needs to be designed with minimum error. A leader-follower algorithm has been proposed in this literature for multi-agent communication. The proposed algorithm has improved the percentage deviation in travel time and the percentage deviation in path length. The proposed algorithm is designed in two parts. One part is for leader path navigation, and the other is used to update the followers. The obstacle avoidance mechanism is used in the first part of the algorithm. The computation speed of the algorithm is mainly dependent on the guidance that the leader provides to the follower agent. Path update from the leader side to the follower side is the most important task in this proposed method. One leader and two follower agents were considered in simulation environments to establish the feasibility of the algorithm. In the simulation, each follower agent was made to commute with a few seconds' time gap after the leader had started. After several simulations, the proposed approach has a 2.82% average deviation in travel time and a 31% average deviation in path length. The average success rate of the proposed technique in different environments was found equal to 66%. Studies show that the accuracy of this technique is more than 54% on average.
Iterative dynamics-based mesh discretisation for multi-scale coastal ocean modelling
Authors: Old Christopher , Sellar Brian , Angeloudis Athanasios 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Flow in coastal waters contains multi-scale flow features that are generated by flow-separation, shear-layer instabilities, and bottom roughness. Depending on the target application, coastal ocean modelling needs to adequately resolve certain key coherent flow features pertinent to the study objectives. Insufficient model resolution of key hydrodynamics can diffuse their structure, leading to a potential misrepresentation of the system hydraulics. As the community adopts the use of unstructured models where mesh convergence analysis becomes more nuanced, modellers would benefit from the definition of an appropriate mesh density. This would allow the support of the necessary spatial gradients for the target flow features, while enabling a compromise between mesh resolution and computational cost of a model. It is this problem we seek to address. Thus we propose an iterative mesh design strategy, inspired by hydro-kinetic resource assessment, that uses modelled dynamics and a target number of elements to constrain mesh density. The method is generic allowing any quantity derived from the model output to be used to set the constraint. We consider the cases of steady and transient flow past the same idealised headland, providing dynamic responses that are pertinent to multi-scale ocean modelling. This study demonstrates the capability of an iterative approach to define mesh density that concentrates mesh resolution in areas of interest subject to specific model forcing, and we discuss opportunities and challenges for robustly establishing model resolution in multi-scale coastal ocean models.
Spectroscopic and Surface Wetting Properties of Samarium Doped Lead-Tellurite Glass Embedded with Titanium Nanoparticles: Self-Cleaning Glass
Authors: Hamad Hiwa L. , Mawlud Saman Q. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Two series of samarium doped lead-tellurite glass embedded with titanium nanoparticles (Ti NPs) of different compositions (60-x) TeO2 -30PbO-10ZnO-xSm2O3 (x = 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 mol%) and (58.5-x) TeO2-30PbO-10ZnO-1.5Sm2O3-xTiO2 (x = 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.5mol %) were prepared using conventional melt quenching technique. The existence of a broad hump XRD pattern verifies the amorphous nature of glasses. The homogeneous distribution and growth of spherical and non-spherical Ti NPs (average diameter ~11.11±0.13 nm) in the glassy matrix are evidenced from the TEM analyses. The HRTEM confirmed the presence of Ti NPs by measuring the lattice spacing of Ti NPs, which is found to be 0.211nm. The UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra reveal nine bands corresponding to the transition from ground state 6H5/2 to excited states 4I13/2, 4I11/2, 6F11/2, 6F9/2, 6F7/2, 6F5/2, 6F3/2, 6H15/2, and 6F1/2, the most intense hypersensitive bands are F9/2, 6F7/2, 6F5/2 and 6F3/2. The down conversion corresponding to Sm3+ ions transitions under 404 nm excitation reveals four emission bands centered at 548nm, 583nm, 628nm, and 692 nm related to the transitions 4G5/2 → 6H5/2, 4G5/2 → 6H7/2, 4G5/2 → 6H9/2, and 4G5/2 → 6H11/2, respectively. The highest transition band relative intensity to the other transition bands is 4G5/2 →6H7/2, and the intensity of 4G5/2 →6H11/2 is the lowest. Additionally, the glass sample TPZST3 with 0.9 mol% of TiO2 NPs possesses the greatest WCA of 105.24o which means that the TPZST3 has a hydrophobic nature, this suggests that TPZST3 can be a good candidate for developing self-cleaning glasses applications.
"I got what I want!": Personalized Authentic Topic Ebooks on COVID-19 for Chinese Language Learners and Teachers
Authors: Xiao Qinqin , Zhou Xiaofei , Gong Yunfan , Yong Zhuorui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Diverse learners' backgrounds necessitate bilingual (Mandarin and Cantonese) and biliterate (simplified and traditional characters) personal switching in Chinese language education. Authentic language learning materials bring fresh topics that connect learners with the real world and awaken their interest in language learning. In this study, IntroCOVID-19 ebooks were designed to provide an introduction to the disease, depict the stories happening during the pandemic, and allow students and teachers to select phonics and characters based on their individual needs. Customized IntroCOVID-19 incorporates five modalities that can increase students' interest in language learning: texts, images, audios, animations, and instant interactions. To examine the usability, a user study was conducted with 33 Chinese language learners and 20 teachers. Findings confirm that personalized IntroCOVID-19 ebooks enable linguistically diverse learners' conceptual understanding of COVID-19, engage learners with authentic learning, and assist teachers with less technological background to teach language that meets students' different needs.
Query Optimization in Uncertain and Probabilistic Databases
Authors: Kheradkar Vivek V. , vivek India , Shirgave S. K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Query optimization is a critical aspect of database systems as it helps to reduce query execution time and improve system performance. In this study, Probabilistic object models to get the specific facts from available statistics and efficient query optimization. Query optimization is a technique that considers potential query plans based on lineage in order to determine the most effective way to perform a particular query. Many exceptional components are together used to perform query optimization along with scanner and parser, intermediate shape of query and query optimizer. Based on order of all of the clause and lineage expression tree of query, many query execution plan can be generated, then query optimizer will select efficient query plan for query optimization. The query's ultimate result will be produced based on that strategy. This paper is concentrated on, to analyzed the performance of different query optimization techniques in uncertain and probabilistic databases using the RelationalCross Model, Simple PODM, Optimize PODM, and Optimize Cache PODM. The outcomes demonstrated that in terms of query execution time and system performance, the Optimize Cache PODM strategy performed better than the other techniques. It also identified some challenges and limitations in query optimization for uncertain and probabilistic databases. Overall, this study highlights the importance of query optimization techniques in uncertain and probabilistic databases and provides insights into the effectiveness of different optimization techniques. These findings can help database administrators and developers to make informed decisions when choosing the most suitable query optimization technique for their database system.
Genetic and antigenic characteristics of bluetongue virus serotype-1 from an apparently healthy goat in India
Authors: Chand Karam , Subramaniam Saravanan , Biswas Sanchay Kumar , Gautam Siddharth , Kharayat Nitish Singh , Sharma Gaurav Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Bluetongue virus (BTV) affects domestic and wild ruminants and is transmitted by Culicoides spp. In the present study, genetic and antigenic characterization of the BTV-1 serotype (MKD20/08/Ind isolate) was carried out to understand the phylogenetic relationship and molecular epidemiology of bluetongue. Full genome sequencing of a BTV-1 isolate of goat from Northern India was carried out using next-generation sequencing (NGS). The full genome sequence data was analyzed and the phylogenetic relationship of the goat isolate with other BTV-1 was established. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the MKD-20/08/Ind isolate within serotype 1, with a high level of nucleotide sequence identity (> 99%) to the previous BTV-1, confirming its serotype. The phylogenetic tree constructed from the outer capsid protein genes, seg-2 and seg-6, segregated MKD-20/08/Ind with other Indian BTV-1 isolates reported earlier. All BTV genome segments were found to be evolving under strong purifying (negative) selection, as none of the sites were found to be under positive selection pressure. The mean substitution rate of different segments of BTV-1 isolates varied from 1.663 x 10− 2 (seg-8) to 3.949×10− 3 (seg-1) substitutions per site per year. The time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) indicates all the genome segments of BTV-1 might have an older ancestor. The phenotypic antigenic relationship (r) of the MKD20/08/Ind isolate with other BTV-1 isolate-specific hyperimmune serum (HIS) determined by serum neutralization test (SNT) was 0.44 to 0.80. The neutralization behaviours of the MKD20/08/Ind with other BTV-1 isolate-specific HIS suggest probable minor subtype antigenic variation. Full-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of an Indian BTV-1 recovered from a healthy goat in Northern India indicate ancestral relationships amongst the Indian and Mediterranean BTV-1 isolates.
Diadema Setosum Chemical Compounds With Gc-ms Analysis as a Triple Inhibitor Antiviral Covid-19
Authors: Nugroho Endik Deni , Sururi Ahmad Misbakhus , Rahayu Dwi Anggorowati , Ardiansyah Reza , Kurniwawan Nia , Widodo Widodo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Marine echinoderms, specifically the sea urchin species Diadema setosum, may hold promise in the medical field as potential sources of antiviral agents for Covid-19. Recent research focused on identifying the compounds within their extracts and their effectiveness as inhibitors for the 3CLpro, RdRp, and ACE2 proteins through in silico modelling. This research begin with extraction and GC-MS analysis to identify the contents of the extract; the identified compounds were analyzed by molecular docking to determine their potential as antivirals. A compound exhibited a favourable Lipinski profile and low toxicity prediction, suggesting its potential as a viable antiviral candidate. The results showed that there was one compound, namely 5H-Isoindole[1,2-b][3]benzazepine-5-one, 7,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-10-hydroxy-3,4,12-trimethoxy- which has the potential to as an antiviral with the support of druglikeness profile and prediction of its toxicity. While additional research is necessary to comprehend its therapeutic potential fully, the study's findings showcase the compound's potency as a promising antiviral agent.
A Rare Case of Synchronous Primary Uterine Cervical Minimal Deviation Adenocarcinoma and low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm
Authors: Xiang Junmiao , Cai Zhuhua , Yu Sisi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Cervical minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA) is a rare malignant tumor with high misdiagnosis rate, high invasiveness, poor prognosis, and its diagnosis depends on histopathology. We report a case of a 55-year-old menopausal woman who came to the hospital for “a watery vaginal discharge for 4 years”. The postoperative diagnosis revealed cervical minimal deviation adenocarcinoma and a synchronous primary low-grade appendiceal mucinous tumor. This article briefly describes the symptoms, history, imaging, vaginoscopy and histopathology of MDA, throughout the whole process of diagnosis and treatment, for future clinical reference.
Gamma knife Radiosurgery for Third Ventricular Colloid Cysts
Authors: El-Shehaby Amr M. N. , Reda Wael A. , Karim Khaled M. Abdel , Nabeel Ahmed M. , Eldin Reem M. Emad , Tawadros Sameh R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Colloid cysts often occur in the third ventricle, and they are considered benign slowly growing lesions. They commonly present with symptoms of intracranial hypertension and rarely sudden death due to acute hydrocephalus. Management options include cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedure by shunt, endoscopic or transcranial surgical excision and stereotactic aspiration. Complications associated with excisional procedures make them undesirable to some patients. Stereotactic radiosurgery has emerged as a non-invasive less risky treatment option. To date, there is no clinical series in literature reporting on this treatment modality.
Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of gamma knife radiosurgery in the treatment of third ventricular colloid cysts.
Patients and methods
This is a retrospective study involving 13 patients with third ventricular colloid cysts that underwent gamma knife radiosurgery. Gamma knife radiosurgery was used as a primary treatment in all the patients. The median prescription dose was 12 Gy (11-12 Gy). The tumor volumes ranged from 0.2 to 10 cc (median 1.6 cc).
Results
The median follow up was 50 months (18-108 months). Tumor control was achieved in 100% of the patients. Complete or partial response was observed in 12 patients (92%). Eight patients (62%) had hydrocephalus on imaging at initial diagnosis. Seven of these patients had VP shunt insertion before GK. One patient required shunt insertion after GK.
Conclusion
GK for third ventricular colloid cysts is a promising treatment, as regards efficacy and safety, to be added to other treatment options. A longer follow up is required to confirm long-term control.
Abdominal Aortic Intima-Media Thickness in Infants at 6 Weeks of Age as an Early Life Marker of Atherosclerosis: A Longitudinal Twin Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Qin , Luan Xiaojin , Yuan Xi , Qi Hongbo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT) is an indicator to assess preclinical atherosclerosis in early life and may be influenced by prenatal and perinatal factors. We aimed to examine the predictive role of aIMT at 6 weeks of age and investigate the potential influencing factors by using a longitudinal twin birth cohort.
Methods
The abdominal aIMT and abdominal aortic diameter (AoD) were evaluated in 173 twin infants at 6 weeks of age by transabdominal ultrasound. Infant anthropometrics were measured at the same time. Data on maternal information were collected from self-made questionnaires and medical records. Data on neonatal outcomes were collected from medical records. Generalized estimation equation models were constructed to determine the associations between the mean aIMT value and cardiometabolic risk and perinatal factors.
Results
The mean aIMT value at 6 weeks of age was associated with total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels at the age of four years (β = 19.24, 95% CI 0.04,38.44; P < 0.05; β=-43.88, 95% CI -54.45, -33.30; P < 0.001; β = 25.05, 95% CI 2.64,47.46; P < 0.05; β = 91.39, 95% CI 12.98,169.79; P < 0.05). An increased birthweight and AoD were associated with the mean aIMT value (β = 37.89 µm, 95% CI 12.54, 63.24; P < 0.01; β = 0.03 µm, 95% CI 0.02, 0.04; P < 0.001).
Conclusions
The abdominal aIMT value at the age of 6 weeks was correlated with the risk of atherosclerosis at 4 years of age in twins, particularly in monozygotic (MZ) twins, suggesting that aIMT may be a marker of preclinical atherosclerosis in infants.
A window into the forest: post-release behaviour of rehabilitated Bornean Sun bears (Helarctos malayanus euryspilus) in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Brunton Elizabeth Ann , Levengood Alexis L , Lee Thye Lim , Wong Siew Te , Chew Lin-May , Tuuga Augustine , Gunasegaran Pradeep A , Seng Yen Wah , Yeoh Boon Nie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
As the number of threatened wildlife species increases globally, captive rehabilitation and release of wild caught animals plays an increasingly significant role in conservation efforts, particularly where poaching threatens wild populations. Sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) populations are decreasing globally, with habitat loss and fragmentation and poaching as key threats to the species. This study aimed to assess post-release behaviour of rehabilitated Sun bears (n = 12) using GPS-collar data to inform ongoing efforts to rehabilitate wild caught bears. We assessed spatial patterns of movement using kernel density estimates and utilisation distributions. We utilised an information theory (IT) and generalised linear modelling approach to assess temporal patterns of sun bear movement (n = 9). Home range estimates (mean = 56.68 km2, range:1.9 – 202.4) and post-release behaviour varied widely between bears, with no significant difference in home range size between males (n = 3) and females (n = 6). Home ranges of most bears stabilised within the first month and bears that were rehabilitated and released together did not spend a significant amount of time together following release. Bears were most active during daytime hours and most established a home range encompassing the riverside. The ultimate success of the releases is unknown, due to collar malfunction and damage, and the inaccessibility of the study terrain. We find that future releases of Sun bears would benefit from soft-release and in-situ rehabilitation techniques. This study provides important insights into the complexity of bear reintroductions informing future rehabilitation and releases for threatened bear species.