bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Wild Food Contribute to Food Security? Evidence From Rural Bhutan
Authors: Chhay Panharoth , Rahut Dil Bihabur , Tashi Sonam , Chamberlin Jordan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We use primary data to examine the potential role of wild foods in alleviating food insecurity among rural farmers in Bhutan during the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that food-insecure households are more likely to collect wild foods, suggesting that food-insecure households are consuming wild foods as a coping mechanism. Therefore, it is crucial to include wild food considerations in regional, national, and international food security policy to promote resilience and reduce vulnerability in rural communities. Food security policies may enable the use and consumption of wild foods as a complementary source of food and nutrition, especially in remote areas. Further, the government should implement policies on managing wild foods as it is a public good, and its conservation is crucial for preserving biodiversity.
JEL Codes: Q18, Q20
Health Shocks and Overindebtedness: A Panel Data Analysis From Rural Viet Nam
Authors: Chhay Panharoth , Rahut Dil B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Rural households in developing countries have limited capacity to cope with and manage shocks, thereby resulting in chronic poverty, indebtedness, and a decline in overall well-being. Therefore, this study analyzes the effects of health shocks on overindebtedness in rural Viet Nam and examines the role of the national health insurance program in mitigating the negative effects of health shocks using four rounds of a balanced panel data set of about 1,750 households observed over a decade (2007, 2010, 2013, 2016). Employing the household- level fixed-effect model, this study finds that health shocks reduce household earned income and food expenditure and increase health expenditure among rural Vietnamese households. It also finds that households cope with health shocks mainly by borrowing from more sources. Households experiencing health shocks are 2.2 to 3.1 percentage points more likely to be overindebted. This study also finds that these negative effects of health shocks are statistically significant only among uninsured households, suggesting that social health insurance can reduce households’ vulnerability to the consequences of health shocks. These findings strongly support efforts to expand access to social health insurance in rural Viet Nam.
Zein electrospun fibers with red onion extract (Allium cepa L.): Bioactive compounds, thermal stability, hydrophilicity, and antioxidant activity
Authors: Cruz Elder Pacheco , Pires Juliani Buchveitz , Jansen Estefani Tavares , Santos Felipe Nardo , Fonseca Laura Martins , Hackbart Helen Cristina Santos , Radünz Marjana , Zavarezze Elessandra da Rosa , Dias Alvaro Renato Guerra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Onions are rich in bioactive and volatile compounds with antioxidant activity. When concentrated in plant extracts and applied directly into food matrices or packaging, they are sensitive to external factors and may have undesirable sensory attributes, such as odors. Therefore, this study sought to encapsulate red onion extract (ROE) in different concentrations (10, 20, 30, and 40%, v/v) into zein fibers by electrospinning. The major volatile compound in ROE was 3(2H)-furanone, 2-hexyl-5-methyl. Adding ROE into the polymeric solutions increased their electrical conductivity and decreased the apparent viscosity, thus decreasing the average diameter of the fibers. The loading capacity of ROE on fibers ranged from 77.3 to 91.5%. The fibers’ random and continuous morphology showed beads at the highest ROE concentration (40%). Fibers membranes showed lower values ​​for contact angles as ROE was added. The antioxidant activity of the fibers ranged from 32.5 to 57.3%.
Effect of some physicochemical parameters on the decay rate of enteric bacteria isolated from a surface water
Authors: Olalemi Adewale Oluwasogo , Okunade Abiola Stephen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Water is essential to life, the public health significance of water quality cannot be over emphasized. In Nigeria, majority of people living along the course of water bodies still source and drink from the rivers and streams. There is, therefore, the need to determine the load of contamination and effect of pH and salinity on the decay rate of enteric bacteria in water samples from River Owena, Owena, Nigeria in order to develop adequate water quality management.
Water samples from River Owena were collected from three representative monitoring points (inflow, middle course and the outflow) in Owena, Nigeria. The load of enteric bacteria in the water samples were determined using membrane filtration technique. The physicochemical characteristics of the water samples were determined using standard methods. The incidence and prevalence of gastroenteritis in the community around River Owena was determined using a structured questionnaire. Microcosm studies were used to evaluate the decay rate of enteric bacteria at varying salinity and pH. Canonical correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the load of enteric bacteria and the incidence and prevalence of gastroenteritis in the community around River Owena.
The incidence and prevalence of gastroenteritis in the community around River Owena were estimated to be 0.75 and 0.51 respectively. Escherichia coli had positive relationships with incidence (r=0.76) and prevalence (r=0.65). Similarly, faecal coliforms had positive relationships with incidence (r=0.82) and prevalence of gastroenteritis (r=0.67), while enterococci showed positive relationship with incidence (r=0.59) and prevalence of gastroenteritis (r=0.87). Increase in pH and salinity increased the decay rate of enteric bacteria thereby reducing the growth of enteric bacteria, the optimum pH for the growth and survival of enteric bacteria ranged between pH 5.0 and pH 7.0. The optimum salinity for the growth of enteric bacteria isolated in water samples from River Owena ranged between 10% and 50% salinity. Findings revealed high levels of faecal contamination at the different representative monitoring points on River Owena, pH and salinity influenced the load and decay rate of enteric bacteria in water from River Owena essential in water safety plans and water management practices.
Mastitis in dairy cows: Prevalence, risk factors and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test of major Bacterial isolates in Adea Berga District
Authors: Wegi Fekadu Gutema , Negasa Dejene , Urge Beksisa , Siyoum Tamirat , Kassa Temesgen , Tadele Markos , Risa Desta 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A cross-sectional study was executed from September 2022 to June 2022 in the Adea Berga district to estimate the prevalence of mastitis, identify potential risk factors, and isolate udder pathogens with subsequent antimicrobial susceptibility testing. A total of 326 lactating cows (1254 quarters) were examined by physical examination of the udder and California Mastitis Tests. Risk factors supposed to be associated with mastitis were assessed and recorded in the data collection format and analyzed using Chi-square and Logistic regression models. The result indicated that the overall prevalence of mastitis at the cow level was 45.7% (95% CI:0.404–0.511). The risk factors analysis indicated Breed (ꭓ2 =6.55; P = 0.01), Age Category (ꭓ2 =46.47; P = 0.00), Lactation phase (ꭓ2 =41.96; P = 0.07), Parity (ꭓ2 =47.32; P = 0.00), and Hygiene (ꭓ2 =26.99; P = 0.00) of the cows showed statistically significant association with mastitis based on Chi-Square Analysis. Other factors like study kebeles, daily milk yield of each cow, and the existence of the affected quarter were also evaluated and did not show a statistically significant association with mastitis occurrence(P > 0.05). Based on Multiple Logistic regression analysis, old cows were 3.17 times more affected by mastitis (OR = 3.17, 95%CI = 0.051,2.267; P = 0.04) when compared with the young adult age group. Cows at the late-lactation stage are 5.38 times more reactor for mastitis than those at the early lactation stage (OR = 5.38, 95%CI = 1.014, 2.383, P = 0.00). Multiparous and cows with poor hygiene are 3.5 and 2.87 times more affected by mastitis when compared with Uniparous and cows with good hygiene respectively. The most common pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (45.16%), followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (29%). All isolated bacterial pathogens were tested against different antimicrobial discs to evaluate the level of their susceptibility. Accordingly, the majority of the pathogens showed greatest resistance to penicillin, whereas most of them were found susceptible to tetracycline and gentamicin, respectively. The results of the present study indicated that mastitis is a common health problem of dairy animals with significant economic impact and public health importance. Hence improving dairy herds management and implementation of the one health concept is important to combat the economic and public health impact of this disease.
Assessment of Cardiac Adverse Events following COVID-19 Vaccination by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography
Authors: Chaichuum Srisakul , Tseng Ching-Li , Chang Su-Chen , Chan Chih-Lin , Hsu Chu-Ying , Daimon Masao , Chiang Shuo-Ju , Chen Hsiang-Ho 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background: Cardiac discomfort has been reported periodically in COVID-19 vaccinated individuals. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the role of myocardial strains in the early assessment of the clinical presentations after COVID-19 vaccination.
Methods and Results: Totally, 121 subjects who received at least one dose of vaccine within 6 weeks underwent laboratory tests and echocardiogram. Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) was implemented to analyze changes in the left ventricular myocardium. After vaccination, 66 individuals (55.4 ± 17.4 years) developed cardiac discomfort, such as chest tightness, palpitations, dyspnea, and chest pain. All had normal serum levels of creatine phosphokinase, creatine kinase myocardial band, troponin, N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide, platelets, and D-dimer. Left ventricular ejection fraction in the symptomatic group (71.41% ± 7.12%) and the control group (72.18% ± 5.11%) (p = 0.492) were normal. Use of 2D-STE presented global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global circumferential strain (GCS) were reduced in symptomatic group (17.86% ± 3.22% and 18.37% ± 5.22%) compared to control group (19.54% ± 2.18% and 20.73% ± 4.09%) (p = 0.001 and p = 0.028).
Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccine-related cardiac adverse effects can be assessed early by 2D-STE. The prognostic implications of GLS and GCS enable evaluation of subtle changes in myocardial function after vaccination.
Clinical Usefulness of Machine Learning Approaches as a Non-Invasive Technology in Reducing Hepatitis Disease Mortality
Authors: Ghorbian Mohsen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hepatitis is a viral infection that causes inflammation of the liver. However, other factors can cause the disease, including secondary effects from drugs, toxins, alcohol, and autoimmune hepatitis. The autoimmune form of the disease occurs when the body produces antibodies against the liver tissue, and many people worldwide are affected by it. Various clinical factors and parameters are examined in diagnosing hepatitis disease, which is analyzed by performing various tests of these factors and parameters. As a result of the vastness of the parameters under examination, it is challenging and complicated for the experts in this field to perform the analysis process on these parameters on a large scale. Healthcare experts can now identify the factors influencing the death rate of patients with high speed and accuracy thanks to emerging technologies such as machine learning, which is a subset of artificial intelligence. In this study, KNN and SVM machine learning techniques were used to analyze the positive effect of clinical parameters such as LIVER BIG, LIVER FIRM, SPLEEN PALPABLE, and ANOREXIA on patients' survival or death rates. This study investigates and analyzes the results of the implementation in two parts. The first part deals with determining the positive impact of these clinical parameters on the death and survival rate of patients, and the second part examines the performance of machine learning techniques based on the evaluation criteria of accuracy (ACC), error rate (ERR), specificity (SPE), and negative prediction value (NPV).Based on the implementation finding of machine learning techniques on data related to hepatitis patients, it has been determined that patients with positive LIVER BIG, LIVER FIRM, SPLEEN PALPABLE, and ANOREXIA clinical parameters can have a high chance of survival. On the other side, The SVM technique outperformed the KNN technique by ACC 94.05%, ERR 16.02%, SPE 93.07%, and NPV 85.7% in an analysis of the performance of machine learning techniques.
The development of flagellate hyperpigmentation after use of bleomycin for sclerotherapy slow flow vascular malformations
Authors: Safin D. A. , Agibalov D. Y. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Bleomycin is a cytotoxic antibiotic that is used as a sclerosing agent for sclerotherapy of vascular anomalies. Bleomycin is characterized by complications: nausea, vomiting, fever, the development of allergies/anaphylaxis, skin discoloration (hyperpigmentation), damage to lung tissue.Aim. To study the frequency of hyperpigmentation after administration of bleomycin for sclerotherapy of vascular malformations with slow flow characteristics. To present our own clinical observation of the development of skin hyperpigmentation after sclerotherapy of venous malformation with bleomycin.Materials and methods. A systematic review was conducted in foreign (PubMed, Web Of Science, Google Scholar, Scirus) and domestic databases (eLibrary) for the period from 2012 to 2022. As a result of the selection, 17 full-text articles remained suitable for their inclusion in the analysis.Results. In the first part of the review, 12 articles were analyzed, describing clinical observations of the development of “flaggelate” hyperpigmentation after chemotherapy of various neoplasms. In the second part of the review, an analysis of 4 articles describing clinical observations of the development of hyperpigmentation after intralesional administration of bleomycin into vascular malformation in 19 patients was carried out. Discussion. The occurrence of specific “flaggelate” hyperpigmentation after administration of bleomycin for sclerotherapy of vascular anomalies with slow flow characteristics is a rare complication. In the analysis carried out, there is no clear connection between the occurrence of hyperpigmentation and excess dosage.Conclusion. To prevent the appearance of hyperpigmentation, it is necessary to avoid excessive traumatization on time and immediately after sclerotherapy, including with ECG electrodes; avoid excessive oxygenation during the provision of anesthesia; it is necessary to avoid excessive insolation within 24–48 hours after sclerotherapy.
Improved Radioimmunodetection of Carcinomas with a Re-injection of
Monoclonal Antibodies after Formation of Anti-mouse Antibodies
Authors: Werner Felix-Martin , Covenas Rafael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Scintigraphic imaging was satisfactory in animal experiments, i.e., in the radioimmunodetection with
125J anti-tissue polypeptide antigen monoclonal antibodies and implanted HELA cell carcinomas. Unlabeled anti-
mouse antibodies (AMAB), in a surplus of 40:1, 200:1 and 4000:1 compared to the radioactive antibody,
were administered five days after administering the 125I anti-TPA antibody (RAAB). In immunoscintigraphies,
radioactivity accumulated in the liver immediately after administering the secondary antibody, and the tumor's
imaging worsened. It can be expected that imunoscintigraphic imaging might improve when radioimmunodetection
is re-performed after the formation of human anti-mouse antibodies (AMAB) and when the ratio of the primary
to the secondary antibody is nearly equivalent because, in this ratio, the formation of immune complexes
might be accelerated. It is possible to measure the quantity of formed anti-mouse antibodies (AMAB) with immunography
measurements. A second administration of diagnostic or therapeutic monoclonal antibodies might
lead to the formation of immune complexes if the quantities of the monoclonal antibodies and the anti-mouse
antibodies have an equivalent ratio. A second performance of the radioimmunodetection four to eight weeks after
the first radioimmunodetection can achieve better tumor imaging because human anti-mouse antibodies
(AMAB) can be formed. Immune complexes of the radioactive antibody and the human anti-mouse antibody
(AMAB) can be formed to concentrate radioactivity in the tumor.
Aberrant Lipid Metabolism in Cancer: Current Status and Emerging
Therapeutic Perspectives
Authors: Irshad Rasha , Tabassum Sazi , Husain Mohammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
It is now an undisputed fact that cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to support
their malignant phenotype, and it is one of the crucial hallmarks which enables cancer cells to
facilitate their survival under variable conditions ranging from lack of nutrients to conditions, such
as hypoxia. Recent developments in technologies, such as lipidomics and machine learning, have
underlined the critical effects of altered lipid metabolism in tumorigenesis. The cancer cells show
elevated de novo fatty acid synthesis, an increased capacity to scavenge lipids from their environment,
and enhanced fatty acid oxidation to fulfill their need for uncontrolled cellular proliferation,
immune evasion, tumor formation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and invasion. Besides, important
genes/ proteins involved in lipid metabolism have been proposed as prognostic indicators in a variety
of cancer types linked to tumor survival and/or recurrence. Consequently, several approaches are
being explored to regulate this metabolic dysregulation to subvert its tumorigenic properties in different
types of cancers. The present review details the significance of lipid metabolism in cancer
progression, the critical enzymes involved therein, and their regulation.

:
Moreover, the current findings of the interplay between the oncogenic pathways and the lipid metabolic
enzymes are elucidated briefly. The therapeutic implications of modulating these aberrations
for the advancement of anti-cancer therapies are also discussed. Although the understanding of altered
lipid metabolism in cancer initiation and progression is still in its infancy and somewhat obscure,
its in-depth comprehension will open promising therapeutic opportunities for the development
of novel and promising strategies for cancer treatment and management.
Beyond symptomatic diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Fawzi Alice Lux , Franck Christian 
Published: May 2023

Plain language summary It is commonly assumed that there is no brain injury if there are no noticeable symptoms following a head impact. There is growing evidence that traumatic brain injuries can occur with no outward symptoms and that the damage from these injuries can accumulate over time resulting in disease and impairment later in life. It is time to rethink the role that symptoms play in traumatic brain injury and adopt a quantitative understanding of brain health at the cellular level to improve the way we diagnose, prevent, and ultimately heal brain injury.
Tantangan dan Strategi Penerapan Berpikir Kritis pada Pembelajaran Online: Kajian Pustaka
Authors: Bachtiar  
Published: May 2023

Technological and critical thinking skills are two essential aspects of learning. The rapid development of technology and the demands of competition in the era of globalization force educators to be truly effective in maximizing existing and current learning technologies. Implementing online learning is believed to be inadequate without the ability to think critically. Critical thinking is an ability that is essentially needed for students in the present context. This paper discusses the challenges and strategies for applying critical thinking for students in online learning using a literature study approach. The study found that online learning can be an excellent tool to help students improve their critical thinking skills. The study also found that, despite the various challenges faced, critical thinking skills must still be encouraged and implemented in online learning because critical thinking skills will help students analyze their thoughts which will be the basis for making a choice and help them conclude. Implications and suggestions for further research are presented.
Pengembangan Elektronik Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (E-LKPD) Biologi pada Materi Animalia dengan Konteks Ikan Hias Hasil Tangkap Nelayan di Selat Bali
Authors: Wahidah Zakiyatul , Habibi Mohammad Wildan 
Published: May 2023

The objectives of the research are developing electronic teaching materials for biology student worksheets (E-LKPD) by using book creators and wordwalls that leverage local potential in the form of ornamental fish. The research method used is research and development (R&D) with the Plomp model which consists of three stages, namely premilinary research, development or prototyping phase, and assessment phase (assessment phase). The conclusion of the study is that the product developed is very valid with an average value of 98% material validator, 95% media validator, and 97% field validator. Student responses scored 87.5% with very interesting criteria, and this product was declared effective with a significance value of 0.00 < 0.05.
Key words: biology education, electronic student worksheets (E-LKPD), book creator, wordwall, ornamental fish.

ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan bahan ajar elektronik lembar kerja peserta didik (E-LKPD) biologi dengan menggunakan book creator dan wordwall yang mengakat potensi lokal berupa ikan hias. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu research and development (R&D) dengan model Plomp yang terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu premilinary research, development or prototyphing phase, dan assessment phase (fase penilaian). Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu produk yang dikembangkan sangat valid dengan rata-rata nilai validator materi 98%, validator media 95%, dan validator lapang 97%. Respon siswa mendapatkan nilai 87,5% dengan kriteria sangat menarik, dan produk ini dinyatakan efektif dengan nilai signifikansi 0,00 < 0,05.
Kata kunci: pendidikan biologi, elektronik lembar kerja peserta didik (E-LKPD), book creator, wordwall, ikan hias.