bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Field on the Move: Notes on the Recent Historiography of Late Ottoman Migrations in Turkish
Authors: Tınaz Kerem , Sefer Akın 
Published: June 2023

Cet article donne une vue d’ensemble des développements récents dans la littérature en langue turque sur l’histoire de la migration ottomane tardive au cours des deux dernières décennies. Mettant en évidence un regain d’intérêt académique pour la migration et la mobilité en Turquie, il se concentre sur la résurgence d’études savantes sur l’histoire de la migration ottomane tardive. Il souligne l’importance des développements académiques et institutionnels, ainsi que du contexte sociopolitique, pour expliquer le nouveau dynamisme de la recherche historique sur les migrations ottomanes. Il fait ensuite une brève évaluation des limites et des défis de ces études ainsi que des pistes de recherche possibles dans l’historiographie des migrations ottomanes.
Le terrain des Nomades, des Roms et des Voyageurs
Authors: About Ilsen 
Published: June 2023

Cet article porte sur la notion de terrain appliqué au champ des études consacrées aux Roms et Voyageurs en histoire et en anthropologie. Partant d’une observation sur l’un des nombreux lieux de vie des Voyageurs en France, appelé dans ce cas un « terrain privé », l’auteur élabore une série de rapprochements entre des travaux sur diverses populations relevant de la sphère romané et interroge les divers usages de la notion de terrain.
Insularité et mobilités : un observatoire méditerranéen, xvie‑xviiie siècle
Authors: Grenet Mathieu , Mailloux Pauline 
Published: June 2023

L’article se propose de décentrer le regard, souvent monographique, porté sur les îles lorsqu’elles sont examinées dans une perspective historique, afin de les étudier selon une approche plus globale centrée sur les circulations. L’analyse des mobilités ayant cours dans les espaces insulaires méditerranéens à l’époque moderne permet alors de réinscrire les îles dans des logiques circulatoires de plus grande ampleur, ainsi que de voir comment ces mobilités peuvent réciproquement structurer les territoires insulaires.
1538 : un tournant pour l’émigration balkanique vers les Principautés de Valachie et de Moldavie
Authors: Cotovanu Lidia 
Published: June 2023

La prise ottomane de Brăila, en 1538, associée au corollaire événementiel contemporain lié à l’avancée ottomane vers la Hongrie, a apporté un grand changement dans la densité et le contenu des flux migratoires balkaniques orientés vers la Valachie et la Moldavie au cours des xive-xviie siècles. L’instauration du contrôle ottoman sur la ligne du Danube et la soumission formelle des Principautés à la Porte ont donné libre accès aux ressortissants gréco-orthodoxes de l’Empire aux structures de pouvoir, aux marchés et à la terre des deux pays. L’ancienne présence sud-slave (bulgare et serbe) sur le sol valaque et moldave est désormais concurrencée par l’arrivée massive des « Grecs » (Rhomioi), avec haut clergé et élite marchande en tête. Ces nouvelles vagues migratoires, bénéficiaires de la protection de la Porte, ont contribué à l’intégration effective et durable des Principautés dans l’espace politique et économique ottoman.
1669 : une diaspora méditerranéenne du xviie siècle
Authors: Zéi Eleftheria 
Published: June 2023

La prise de Candie vénitienne en 1669 et l’installation des Ottomans dans l’« État Maritime » de Venise provoquent trois types de mobilité dans la Méditerranée du xviie siècle : un déplacement massif des sujets vénitiens de Crète vers les Îles Ioniennes et la région d’Istria, organisé par l’État vénitien afin de préserver son emprise politique et idéologique en Méditerranée ; une vague d’émigration crétoise à destination de Venise qui finit par créer des identités nationales nouvelles au sein de la cité vénitienne ; une mobilité extrême des familles d’ origine « latine » à l’intérieur de l’Archipel grec influant sur les transformations sociales et économiques des sociétés insulaires aux temps modernes.
1798 : un tournant pour les Français en Méditerranée
Authors: Guesdon Olivier 
Published: June 2023

L’année 1798 marque un tournant dans la présence des Français en Méditerranée. D’une part, les conquêtes en Europe obligent les autorités à définir ce qu’est être Français et quels droits octroyer aux populations dans les échelles. D’autre part, la prise manquée de Malte montre les difficultés de la France pour s’affirmer au Levant. Enfin, la campagne d’Égypte menée par Napoléon crée une rupture dans les relations avec l’Empire ottoman, et modifie sur le long terme la présence des Français au Maghreb.
Count Alerino Palma in the Age of Revolutions or Greek 1821 in Context
Authors: Chatziioannou Maria Christina 
Published: June 2023

The story of an Italian political migrant, Count Alerino Palma, elucidates key elements of the revolutionary 1820s when former Napoleonic officers served various democratic uprisings around the Mediterrannean. Palma finally offered his expertise in the case of the first Greek loan and the juridical system of the new‑born Greek state, where he finally established himself. Through his geographic wanderings and new experiences, Palma transformed his democratic political ideas sustaining constitutional monarchy. His case study of the Greek‑Italian “political friendship”, marks a transitional period which fuelled the 1820s transnationalism at the dawn of the nation-state era of many Mediterranean countries.
Investigation into Impact of Redistribution Layer Design on Thermomechanical Stress in Embedded-Die Package
Authors: Matsuura Masamitsu , Asano Tanemasa , Kanaya Haruichi 
Published: June 2023

Thermomechanical stress generation on a silicon chip in an embedded-die package (EDP) was investigated. Change in thermomechanical stress on the chip with temperature was evaluated using piezo-resistance gauges fabricated on the chip. To investigate the impact of a redistribution layer (RDL) on stress generation, an EDP where filling materials facing the top and bottom sides and the periphery of the embedded die were entirely removed was fabricated. The removal of filling materials was carried out by using the CO2 laser ablation technology. RDL having diagonal paths from the substrate to the chip was designed and fabricated in addition to the conventional orthogonal RDL. RDLs were made of copper. Temperature tests were carried out in the range from 260 degrees C to 100 degrees C. The experimental results indicate that, while the origin of thermomechanical stress is a mismatch in coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) between the chip and the organic substrate, RDL plays a significant role in generating the thermomechanical stress on the chip. The results also show that the diagonal RDL design effectively reduces thermomechanical stress from the orthogonal RDL design owing to its spring characteristic.
Post-COVID symptoms and recovery times in hospitalized mild and moderate COVID-19 patients
Authors: Khot Rajashree , Patil Aastha , Rathod Bharatsing , Kumbhalkar Sunita D , Joshi Prashant P 
Published: June 2023

Settings and Design:
Retrospective online cross-sectional analytical study.

Introduction:
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus led to COVID-19 pandemic with varied clinical manifestations and multisystem involvement, which persisted beyond acute stage. To evaluate the post discharge symptoms in hospitalized mild and moderate COVID-19 patients during the initial phase of pandemic. Factors associated with post-COVID symptoms and delayed recovery times were determined.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and thirty-two hospitalized patients of mild or moderate COVID-19 infection diagnosed by a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction, responded to an online questionnaire. They were followed up monthly, telephonically for post-COVID symptoms and recovery times. Microsoft Excel-Student's t-test, Fischer's exact test, Chi-square test.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 51.14 ± 13.78 years with male: female ratio, 1: 0.29. 80.35% had post-acute COVID symptoms. Most frequent symptoms were cough in 37.9%, breathlessness in 36.4% and fatigue in 34.8%. New onset symptoms were insomnia in 16.67%, anxiety in10.6%, depression in 9.8%, loss of libido in 5.3%. Long COVID syndrome occurred in four patients. The factors significantly associated with post-COVID symptoms were older age, comorbidities, longer hospitalization, and moderate COVID infection, whereas delayed recovery times were associated with older age, female gender, and moderate COVID illness.

Conclusions:
Post-COVID symptoms occur in majority of the patients. Persistent symptoms are dry cough, dyspnea, fatigue, anosmia, and ageusia. They are significantly associated with older age, underlying comorbidities, prolonged hospitalization, and moderate COVID infection. Complete recovery occurs in most patients but delayed recovery is seen in females, elderly, and moderate COVID infection. Few may develop long COVID syndrome.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:
Patient care and procedural skills, Medical knowledge.
Patterns and Causes of Hospital Maternal Mortality in a Tertiary Center in Nigeria
Authors: Anikwe Chidebe C. , Umeononihu Osita S. , Osuagwu Philip C. , Ikeoha Cyril C. , Ugwoke Ikechukwu S. , Eze Justus N 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Maternal mortality is a preventable public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria. Reporting of its trend and causes is important in auditing of care.

Objectives:
The study is aimed at evaluating the trends, causes, and maternal mortality rate in Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Ebonyi State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
This is a 9-year retrospective review of case note of maternal deaths (MDs) in AEFUTHA. All pregnancy-related deaths of patients managed at the hospital were included in the study. Data obtained were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 20.

Results:
The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) was 1,114 per 100,000 live births. The MMR remained high at above 1,100 per 100,000 live births between 2012 and 2016; and a sharp decline was seen between 2017 and 2020. The lowest MMR was in 2018 (512 per 100,000 live births). Most of the MDs occurred in unbooked (85.4%) and grand multiparous (43.4%) women. Obstetric hemorrhage was the leading cause of death (28.0%), followed by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Less than 3% of MD was caused by Lassa fever. Women with low socioeconomic status, lower level of education, and rural place of abode were major contributors to MD.

Conclusion:
Our study shows that MD is unacceptably high in the hospital. The burden of MD is borne by unbooked and grand multiparous women. Obstetric population should be educated on the importance of antenatal care and the need for family size reduction via the use of modern method of contraception.
Vehicle Exhaust Gases
Authors: Nwafia Walter C. , Nwafia Ifeyinwa N. , Okafor Chinelo E. , Obasi Kalu O. , Nkwa Amadi A. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Vehicle emission gases have continued to play a significant role in causing air pollution and pose a significant global health challenge.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to assess the impact of vehicle emissions on the cardiorespiratory parameters of workers in motor parks.

Materials and Methods:
A combination of stratified sampling and simple random samplings were used in selecting the 11 motor parks and 330 participants that were surveyed. A pretested questionnaire was used to assess the demographic factors and symptoms of cardiorespiratory diseases. Blood pressure, respiratory rates, and pulse rates were measured using electronic sphygmomanometer. The levels of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter were measured using gas sensor. Data were analyzed by both descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:
The cluster mean levels of CO, PM2.5, NO2 levels, and SO2 concentrations in the parks were 5.3 mg/m3, 4.9 μg/m3, 40 μg/m3, and 44 μg/m3, respectively. Of the 330 participants, 257 (77.9%) were males. The highest age group of participants came from 36 to 46 years bracket. Most of the participants had secondary education 171 (51.8%). Majority 127 (37.3%) had worked in the park for at least 5 years. The systolic blood pressure of the subjects clustered around 139.39 ± 20.10, diastolic blood pressure 97.20 ± 10.99, whereas the average pulse rate was 73.17 ± 11.57. The highest symptom recorded was coughing 174 (52.7%). There is a significant positive correlation between gas emissions and cardiorespiratory symptoms.

Conclusion:
Adequate monitoring and control of vehicle emissions as well as educating workers in motor parks on the health effects of vehicle emissions were recommended.
Trends in Emergency Room Visits of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in South-East Nigeria
Authors: Okechi Uchenna C. , Obi Donald I. , Aniagor Chukwudi J. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
The accident and emergency unit is usually the first port of call for patients involved in road traffic and domestic accidents, emergency dental conditions, and advanced-stage malignancies during call hours and weekends.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the pattern of emergency maxillofacial injuries in the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu.

Materials and Methods:
This is a 3-year retrospective study of patients that presented to the accident and emergency unit of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu on account of pathologies involving the oral and maxillofacial region.

Results:
One hundred and eighty-three cases were recruited into the study. There were 131 males and 52 females. The mean age of the patients was 38.0 ± 18.6 years. The majority 121 (66.1%) occurred due to road traffic accidents followed by 18 (9.8%) due to complications of untreated carious teeth, then 12 (6.6%) from complications of advanced-stage tumors. Facial bone fractures 76 (41.5%) followed by lacerations 42 (23.0%) were the commonest conditions seen. Eighty-four (45.9%) had reduction and immobilization of their fractures, whereas 51 (27.8%) had suturing of various lacerations.

Conclusions:
Pathologies resulting from road traffic accidents, orofacial space infections, and late-stage malignancies were the commonest indications for accident and emergency unit visits by oral and maxillofacial surgery patients in the study center. The need for regular training of first-line staff in the emergency units of hospitals in this part of the world is necessary.
Predictors of severe coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia
Authors: Yan Qinqin , Zhang Yijun , Lu Yang , Ding Chenhan , Shi Nannan , Song Fengxiang , Huang Chao , Liu Fengjun , Shan Fei , Zhang Zhiyong , Buckey Jay C. , Shi Yuxin 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Early warning of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia on admission is critical for reducing mortality.

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for predicting severe COVID-19 pneumonia on admission.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Computed tomography (CT) scans on admission and initial clinical data were collected from 213 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Semi-quantitative CT scoring was performed, multiplying the CT patterns by their extent. CT patterns were graded on a four-point scale: 0, normal attenuation; 1, ground-glass opacities (GGOs); 2, mixed patterns of GGO and consolidation; and 3, consolidation. The extent of patterns was visually estimated as the percentage (to the nearest 10%) of the affected pulmonary lobe. Inter-observer agreement was evaluated using the inter-class correlation coefficient. CT scores and clinical data were compared between severe and nonsevere patients using parametric and nonparametric statistics, as appropriate. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) with 10-fold cross-validation and logistic regression was used to select the risk factors and construct a predictive model.

RESULTS:
Age, respiratory rate, hypertension, procalcitonin, D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), cystatin C, brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP), and CT score were higher in severe COVID-19 infection. LASSO analysis revealed that the CT score coupled with hs-CRP was optimal for predicting progression to severe pneumonia. The areas under the curves for validation and testing data were 0.85 and 0.82, respectively, with sensitivity of 89.5% and 75.0%, specificity of 75.4% and 98.1%, and accuracy of 77.2% and 95.3%.

CONCLUSION:
The CT score combined with hs-CRP on admission predicted severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
Differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and talsromycosis marneffei by computed tomography-derived radiomics in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Authors: Zhou Jingru , Li Kai , Lu Yibo 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the value of computed tomography (CT)-derived radiomics features in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and talaromycosis marneffei (TSM) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The venous phase images for 166 patients with AIDS (PTB, n = 66; TSM, n = 99) were retrospectively analyzed, and the radiomics features of lung lesions and mediastinal lymph nodes were extracted. The samples were divided into a training set and a test set in a ratio of 8:2. The optimal eigenvalues were used to establish four prediction models: radiomics model 1 (PTB group and TSM lung lesions), radiomics model 2 (PTB group and TSM lung lesions), radiomics model 3 (pulmonary lesions without lymph node enhancement), and radiomics model 4 (pulmonary lesions with lymph node enhancement). The working characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the model.

RESULTS:
The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve values were 0.67, 0.78, 0.78, and 0.735, respectively, for the radiomics model 1 test set; 0.67, 0.62, 0.67, and 0.654, respectively, for radiomics model 2; 0.89, 0.76, 0.80, and 0.833, respectively, for radiomics model 3; and 0.76, 0.80, 0.88, and 0.886, respectively, for radiomics model 4.

CONCLUSION:
The prediction model based on CT-derived radiomics features has value for the identification of PTB and TSM. The radiomics model based on the optimal eigenvalues of lung lesions combined with lymph node plain scan images is compared with the establishment of a single lung. The focal omics feature model has better predictive power.
Capnography as a tool for triaging and diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis in the emergency department
Authors: Bhattaram Suhrith , Shinde Varsha Sambhaji , Khumujam Princy Panthoi , Anilkumar Anjeeth Puthoor , Reddy Dhruva Kumar 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES:
The cornerstone of management of acidosis in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has traditionally been carried out by blood gas analysis, which is expensive and associated with significant risk. It is against this background that the correlation between end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2), blood pH, and EtCO2 bicarbonate levels was analyzed. The predictive value of EtCO2 was also analyzed in the diagnosis of DKA. Finally, we aimed to determine the value of EtCO2 as a screening test for the exclusion of DKA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a prospective cohort study carried out in the emergency department of a tertiary care teaching hospital from September 2020 to September 2021. Patients with suspected DKA underwent simultaneous blood gas collection and EtCO2 analysis.

RESULTS:
A total of 123 patients with blood sugar levels >250 mg/dl and moderate-to-large (≥2+) urine ketones were studied. A cut-off value of EtCO2 ≤24 was determined to rule in DKA with a sensitivity of 93.02% and specificity of 91.9%. EtCO2 >26 could effectively rule out the diagnosis of DKA with sensitivity of 98.8% and specificity of 75.7%. A significant linear correlation between pH and EtCO2 (P < 0.0001, r = 0.82) and HCO3 and EtCO2 (r = 0.896, P < 0.0001) was found.

CONCLUSIONS:
EtCO2 values ≤24 can accurately identify patients with DKA in the presence of elevated blood sugar and urinary ketones and must be considered a valuable addition to the diagnostic criteria. EtCO2 values >26 can be an effective triaging tool for ruling our DKA. A significant linear correlation between pH and EtCO2 and pH and HCO3 was observed. EtCO2 can be considered a surrogate marker for the degree of response to the treatment in DKA.
Predictors of 7-day symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation in patients with acute ischemic stroke and proposal of a novel screening tool
Authors: Islam Mehmet Muzaffer , Uygun Cemrenur , Delipoyraz Melike , Satici Merve Osoydan , Kurt Servan , Ademoglu Enis , Eroglu Serkan Emre 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES:
Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is significantly related to poor neurological outcomes and mortality. Although variables and models that predict HT have been reported in the literature, the need for a model with high diagnostic performance continues. We aimed to propose a model that can accurately predict symptomatic HT within 7 days of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

METHODS:
Patients with AIS admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary training and research hospital between November 07, 2021, and August 26, 2022, were included in this single-center retrospective study. For the model, binary logistics with the forced-entry method was used and the model was validated with 3-fold cross-validation. After the final model was created, the optimal cutoff point was determined with Youden’s index. Another cut-off point was determined at which the sensitivity was the highest.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the 423 patients included in the study was 70 (60–81) and 53.7% (n = 227) of the patients were male. Symptomatic HT was present in 31 (7.3%) patients. Mechanical thrombectomy, atrial fibrillation, and diabetes mellitus were the independent predictors (P < 0.001, P = 0.003, P = 0.006, respectively). The mean area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristics of the model was 0.916 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.876–0.957). The sensitivity for the optimal cut-off point was 90.3% (95% CI = 74.3%–97.9%) and specificity was 80.6% (95% CI = 76.4%–84.4%). For the second cutoff point where the sensitivity was 100%, the specificity was 60.5% (95% CI = 55.4%–65.3%).

CONCLUSION:
The diagnostic performance of our model was satisfactory and it seems to be promising for symptomatic HT. External validation studies are required to implement our results into clinical use.
The effects of playing digital games on children’s pain, fear, and anxiety levels during suturing
Authors: Kavlakci Muhammet , Ogce Filiz , Yavan Tulay 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE:
The aim was to determine the effects of digital game play on children’s pain, fear, and anxiety levels during suturing.

METHODS:
Data were obtained from 84 children between the ages of 8 and 17 years at the pediatric emergency department between January 16 and March 19, 2020, using the Socio-Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Form, the Wong–Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFPS), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Fear of Medical Procedures Scale (FMPS), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-CH). A four-block randomization system was used. The study group (n = 42) played digital games during the suturing procedure, unlike the control group (n = 42). Ethical permissions were obtained from the ethical committee, hospital, and families.

RESULTS:
Before the suturing procedure, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups’ mean scores. The intervention group was found to have statistically significantly lower WBFPS and VAS pain scores than the control group during the suturing procedure, and after the procedure, statistically significantly lower WBFPS, VAS, FMPS, and STAI-CH mean scores than the control group.

CONCLUSIONS:
The digital game-playing approach applied before and during the suture procedure was found to be effective in reducing children’s pain, fear, and anxiety levels.