bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ LIBS-XRF analysis as a combined approach to disclose the production technology of unique wall mirrors from Pompeii
Authors: Costantini Ilaria , Veneranda Marco , Prieto-Taboada Nagore , Castro Kepa , Fdez-Ortiz de Vallejuelo Silvia , Etxebarria Román Idoia , de Nigris Bruno , Martellone Alberta , Madariaga Juan Manuel , Arana Gorka 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIt is assumed that the unique wall mirrors found at the Archaeological Park of Pompeii (PAP) are made of obsidian. To contribute to the knowledge of those archaeological artefacts, this work proposes in situ elemental analyses in collaboration with PAP seeking to determine, in a total no-destructive way, the composition and provenance of the main mirror preserved at the House of Gilded Cupids. Comparing the geochemical composition of this black glass with that of obsidian samples collected from the main Mediterranean sources, both X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) confirmed an incompatible content of many key elements. LIBS in-depth analysis excluded the potential relation between the higher concentration of Ca and Mg and the presence of alteration products. In addition, XRF analysis missed the detection of Rb, Y, Zr and Nb, which are widely recognized as the elemental fingerprints of obsidian sources. Combined with the detection of a high content of strontium (500–700 ppm), the in situ elemental data proved that, rather than made of obsidian, the analysed mirror was handcrafted by the fusion of coastal sand. Waiting to extend this study to the other mirrors found at Pompeii, the results here presented indicate the history of these unique artefacts needs to be rewritten.
Influence of nano graphene addition on mechanical properties of Bi-directional carbon fabric based epoxy composites
Authors: Jagadeesh H , Banakar Prashanth , Sampathkumaran P , Sailaja RRN , Katiyar Jitendra Kumar 
Published: July 2023

The carbon bi-directional fabric as reinforcement in a polymer matrix has played an essential role in dynamically developing lightweight composites in various applications such as automotive, wind energy, aerospace, and sports sectors. Further, the interfacial bonding between the matrix and reinforcement/filler is the weakest point and the most crucial factor that influences the mechanical and tribological performance of the composites. Therefore, the hand lay-up technique fabricated a bi-directional carbon fabric epoxy composite with varying nanographene concentrations. The developed composites were tested and evaluated for their mechanical properties, viz., tensile, flexural and impact strengths. It is observed that these mechanical properties are mainly dependent on the reinforcement type and its concentration. Furthermore, composite with 0.8 wt% nanographene exhibits superior performance in terms of increased tensile (579 MPa), flexural (547 MPa) and impact (284 J/m) strengths in comparison with other composites.
Left bronchial compression after aortic arch reconstruction for coarctation of the aorta
Authors: Ishimaru Kazuhiko , Iwai Shigemitsu 
Published: July 2023

Background This study aimed to investigate the preoperative positional relationships between the blood vessels and the left bronchus during the development of left bronchial compression (LBC) after aortic arch reconstruction for coarctation of the aorta (CoA). Methods We retrospectively reviewed data from 29 patients with CoA who underwent aortic arch reconstruction via median sternotomy between 2009 and 2019. The patients were divided into those who underwent aortic arch advancement (AAA) with (C group, six patients) or without (N group, 10 patients) postoperative LBC and those who underwent extended end-to-end anastomosis (E group, 13 patients). We determined the sterno-spinal axis (SSA) of the patients and evaluated the preoperative and postoperative positions of the vessels on the axial and three-dimensional multidetector row computed tomography (CT) angiographic images. Results The distance between the ascending and descending aortas was significantly smaller in both C and N groups postoperatively than preoperatively. The distance between the descending aorta and SSA in the C group was markedly smaller compared with that in the other groups preoperatively and was increased postoperatively. Preoperatively, the distance from the left bronchus to the aortic arch in the C group was significantly larger than that in the other groups and was decreased postoperatively. The postoperative arch angle in the C group was significantly smaller than that in the other groups. Conclusion A preoperative midline position of the descending aorta and highly displaced aortic arch in relation to the left bronchus on preoperative CT images could cause the postoperative LBC after AAA.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Mediterranean diet adherence: A narrative systematic review
Authors: Farrugia Francesca , Refalo Daniel , Bonello David , Cuschieri Sarah 
Published: July 2023

Background The COVID-19 pandemic upended many aspects of daily life. For some individuals, this was an opportunity to re-evaluate their life and make better choices, while others were overwhelmed with stressors, leading to a deterioration in mental and physical health. Aim The aim of this narrative systematic review is to explore the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Mediterranean diet adherence. Methods A systematic literature search was carried out on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases utilising the search terms ‘Mediterranean diet’ AND ‘COVID-19’. This yielded 73 articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Results The data suggests that a substantial proportion of individuals adhered less to the Mediterranean diet during the COVID-19 lockdown period. However, individuals receiving some form of lifestyle intervention had better adherence to the Mediterranean diet than their unassisted counterparts. Conclusion This emphasises the importance of professional support during times of crisis to avoid deterioration of a population's health.
Is Likert better than PI-RADS at predicting prostate cancer on MRI and can a mathematical algorithm achieve similar results?
Authors: Stevens William , Parchment-Smith Catherine , Adiotomre Ese , Hulson Oliver , Khan Atif , Melling Philip , Pierre Sacha , Smith Jonathan 
Published: July 2023

Background Prostate Imaging Reporting & Data System (PI-RADS) is an internationally recognized system to quantify risk of prostate cancer on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, studies have suggested methods to improve predictive accuracy. Purpose To assess two different methods that aim to improve the accuracy of PI-RADS scores: a subjective Likert score given by experienced reporters, and an objective Calculated Adjustment of PI-RADS Equivocal Score (CAPES). Material and Methods Five experienced reporters in a quaternary referral unit used a standardized reporting template to prospectively collect PI-RADS and Likert scores for 1467 multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) scans between January 2021 and June 2022. Histology results were recorded for patients who underwent trans-perineal biopsy. The CAPES tool was retrospectively applied to the cases scoring PI-RADS 3. A theoretical standardized biopsy protocol (assuming all patients scoring ≥3 were referred for biopsy) was used to compare the three scoring systems for sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV). Results Across all reporters, significantly fewer equivocal “3” scores were given using Likert (15.7%) or CAPES (2.2%) compared to PI-RADS (24.1%). Assuming a protocol where all patients scoring ≥3 were biopsied, Likert had a higher specificity (69.0% vs. 54.4%), sensitivity (98.3% vs. 97.7%), and PPV (49.9% vs. 40.3%) than PI-RADS for identifying ISUP ≥2 cancer. The CAPES tool had an even higher specificity (81.4%) and PPV (61.2%) with only a slightly lower sensitivity (93.4%) resulting in 37.1% (n = 316) fewer biopsies than PI-RADS, and 22.4% (n = 155) fewer biopsies than Likert across 1467 patients. Conclusions Compared to PI-RADS scoring, Likert scoring or CAPES can result in fewer equivocal scores, greater PPV, and fewer unnecessary biopsies.
Markers of Pain in 3 Different Murine Models of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis: A Comparison Using Gait Analysis, Imaging, Histology, and Gene Expression
Authors: Croen Brett J. , Carballo Camila B. , Green Samuel J. , Sevick Johnathan L. , Piacentini Alexander N. , Chen Tony , Rodeo Scott A. 
Published: July 2023

Background: Animal models play an important role in studying posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) disease progression. Different models exist, such as destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgical transection (ACLs), and noninvasive ACL rupture. Purpose: To study the effects of PTOA on nociception in 3 different murine models and to relate these findings to macroscopic and microscopic changes in joint tissues. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 42 male C57BL/6 mice, 12 weeks old, were randomly assigned to 4 groups: intact control (n = 10), DMM (n = 10), ACLs (n = 11), and closed ACL rupture (ACLc; n = 11) groups. Gait analysis was performed on 5 mice from the DMM group and 6 mice from ACLs and ACLc groups at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after injury. At the 12-week time point, all mice underwent radiographs and then either micro–computed tomography imaging followed by histology and immunohistochemistry or gene expression analysis of the dorsal root ganglion and tibialis anterior muscle. Results: The peripheral and central pain markers were expressed at significantly higher levels in the synovium of both ACL injury groups when compared with the DMM group. Muscle atrophy genes were significantly upregulated in the ACL injury groups. Pain-related gait behavior started at 4 weeks for the ACL rupture groups and at 12 weeks for the DMM group. High-resolution radiographic imaging and histology demonstrated divergent changes in bone microstructure between the ACLs and DMM groups, suggesting different mechanical loading environments in these models. Conclusion: The principal finding of this study is the presence of markers of nociception at both the gene and the protein levels, with earlier expression in the ACL injury groups when compared with the DMM group. The second finding of this study is that the noninvasive ACL rupture model demonstrated changes comparable with those of the commonly used surgical ACL transection model, supporting use of this clinically realistic model in future studies of PTOA. Clinical Relevance: Quantitative clinical outcomes (imaging, pain scale, gait changes) related to osteoarthritis severity in an animal study, allowing for better understanding of clinical outcomes of osteoarthritis progression after ACL injuries in humans.
A Feminist Political Economic Analysis of Platform Capitalism in the Care Sector
Authors: Rodríguez-Modroño Paula , Agenjo-Calderón Astrid , López-Igual Purificación 
Published: July 2023

Despite women being increasingly engaged in labor-platform activities, little of the research conducted on this topic to date has included a feminist perspective. However, the platform economy has direct impacts on the social organization of social reproduction and is changing the main dimensions of the world of work with crucial gendered effects. This study deploys a feminist political economics approach to assess the impacts of digital labor platforms on the reconfiguration and regeneration of intersectional inequalities. The findings of this analysis of digital platforms in the care sector in Spain reveal how they profit from regulatory contexts that perpetuate existing gender, race, and migrant status inequalities, as well as labor market vulnerability, with migrant women segregated into lower-paid and more insecure jobs. JEL Classification: J3, J5, J7, O3
Machine Learning Classification of Body Part, Imaging Axis, and Intravenous Contrast Enhancement on CT Imaging
Authors: Li Wuqi , Lin Hui Ming , Lin Amy , Napoleone Marc , Moreland Robert , Murari Alexis , Stepanov Maxim , Ivanov Eric , Prasad Abhinav Sanjeeva , Shih George , Hu Zixuan , Zulbayar Suvd , Sejdić Ervin , Colak Errol 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The development and evaluation of machine learning models that automatically identify the body part(s) imaged, axis of imaging, and the presence of intravenous contrast material of a CT series of images. Methods: This retrospective study included 6955 series from 1198 studies (501 female, 697 males, mean age 56.5 years) obtained between January 2010 and September 2021. Each series was annotated by a trained board-certified radiologist with labels consisting of 16 body parts, 3 imaging axes, and whether an intravenous contrast agent was used. The studies were randomly assigned to the training, validation and testing sets with a proportion of 70%, 20% and 10%, respectively, to develop a 3D deep neural network for each classification task. External validation was conducted with a total of 35,272 series from 7 publicly available datasets. The classification accuracy for each series was independently assessed for each task to evaluate model performance. Results: The accuracies for identifying the body parts, imaging axes, and the presence of intravenous contrast were 96.0% (95% CI: 94.6%, 97.2%), 99.2% (95% CI: 98.5%, 99.7%), and 97.5% (95% CI: 96.4%, 98.5%) respectively. The generalizability of the models was demonstrated through external validation with accuracies of 89.7 - 97.8%, 98.6 - 100%, and 87.8 - 98.6% for the same tasks. Conclusions: The developed models demonstrated high performance on both internal and external testing in identifying key aspects of a CT series.
Racial Differences in Perceptions of Genetic Wellness Programs
Authors: Briscoe Forrest , Ajunwa Ifeoma , Bourgoin Angel , Maxwell James 
Published: July 2023

Purpose Genetic wellness programs (GWPs) are a highly innovative workforce wellness product. Recently marketed to U.S. employers by at least 16 vendors, GWPs take advantage of low-cost DNA sequencing to detect genetic risk factors for an increasing array of diseases. The purpose of this research is to understand perceptions, concerns, and barriers related to GWPs, among employees from Black, White, and Asian backgrounds and different income levels. Approach Qualitative study with 3 focus groups (FGs). Setting Employees of large high-technology companies (deemed likely early GWP adopters). Respondents 21 individuals recruited online through User Interviews. Method FG guide developed via literature review and landscape analysis, and pre-tested. FGs led by a trained moderator and audio-recorded. Transcripts content analyzed for key themes. Results Nearly all respondents saw potential benefits to GWP participation for themselves or their families. However, there were profound differences in perceptions of risks to GWP participation between Black and White/Asian respondents. These differences surfaced in three broad areas: privacy and discrimination risks; family impact risks; and feelings about the employer. Willingness to participate in a GWP also varied between Black employee respondents and White and Asian employee respondents (including low-income White employees). Only 27% of Black employees would participate in GWP, compared to 90% of the other employees. Conclusion Most employees appear likely to support employer adoption of GWPs. However, Black employees report significant concerns regarding participation. Addressing these concerns through program design would benefit all employees, and could increase trust and uptake of GWPs.
Effect of Alternatives to Opiates Program on Discharge Opioid Prescribing in Trauma Patients
Authors: Nerenberg Steven F. , Kulig Caitlin E. , LaPietra Alexis M. , Elsawy Osama A. , Wang Antai , Foran Lindsey A. , Hlayhel Ahmad F. , Yang James , Parmar Dinesh , Rowe Jackie P. 
Published: July 2023

Background: Opioid overdose deaths have increased over the last two decades, despite efforts to reduce prescribing. This study aimed to determine if a hospital-wide Alternatives to Opiates (ALTOSM) program reduced opioid prescribing in hospital and upon discharge after trauma. Objectives: The primary outcome was incidence of opioid prescribing at hospital discharge Pre- and Post-ALTO. Secondary outcomes were the percent of patients with in-hospital opioid, non-opioid and multimodal analgesia, and hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS). Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective analysis of patients >/ = 18 years old admitted for >24 hours with the primary diagnosis of traumatic injury between August 2018 - October 2019. Patients with alcohol or polysubstance abuse, chronic opioid use, or in-hospital mortality were excluded. Results: A total of 703 patients were included, 471 in Pre-ALTO and 232 in Post-ALTO groups. The mean age was 59 ± 22 years and most were male (58.7%). Mean initial Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 9.1 ± 7.7. Opioid prescribing at hospital discharge occurred more in the Post-ALTO group (132/332, 39.4% vs 90/203, 43.8%; P = .1237). Most patients were prescribed in-hospital opioid (332/471, 70.4% vs 203/232, 87.5%, P < .0001) and non-opioid (441/471, 93.6% vs 229/232, 98.7%; P = .0027) analgesics, or multimodal analgesia (397/471, 84.3% vs 203/232, 87.5%; P = .2591). Median hospital and ICU LOS were also similar between groups [5 (3-9) vs 4(3-7), P = .3427] and ICU [2(0-4) vs 3(2-5), P = .3461]. Conclusion: Opioids remain mainstay for trauma-related pain treatment. ALTOSM was not associated with less in-hospital or discharge opioid prescribing.
Food Corporation of India: Making Public Procurement More Inclusive and Efficient
Authors: Kumar Avinash , Dey Kushankur , Gupta Kriti Bardhan 
Published: July 2023

This case concerns the issue of enhancing the inclusivity and efficiency of public procurement operations undertaken by the Food Corporation of India (FCI) in Uttar Pradesh. The FCI was the premier central government agency entrusted with efficient management of minimum support price (MSP)-based public procurement operations, maintenance of buffer stocks for ensuring food security and assisting states in operating their public distribution systems. The Uttar Pradesh region came under the north zone of the FCI. Mr Girish Kumar, General Manager of Uttar Pradesh region of the FCI, was exploring ways to make procurement operations inclusive and efficient. Girish received feedback from a brainstorming session of the procurement team in which recommendations of a recently conducted concurrent evaluation study of public procurement in Uttar Pradesh were discussed. He wanted to amalgamate his domain knowledge with insights from the concurrent evaluation study for an actionable plan to design a more inclusive and efficient MSP-based public procurement system.
Surgery for Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Following Cleft Palate Repair: An Audit of Contemporary Practice and Proposed Schema of Techniques and Variations
Authors: Tse Raymond W. , Sie Kathleen C. , Tollefson Travis T. , Jackson Oksana A. , Kirshner Richard , Fisher David M. , Bly Randall , Arneja Jugpal S. , Dahl John P. , Soldanska Magdalena , Sitzman Thomas J. 
Published: July 2023

Objective Surgical treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) includes a wide array of procedures. The purpose of this study was to develop a classification for VPI procedures and to describe variations in how they are performed. Design/participants/setting/outcomes: We completed an in-depth review of the literature to develop a preliminary schema that encompassed existing VPI procedures. Forty-one cleft surgeons from twelve hospitals across the USA and Canada reviewed the schema and either confirmed that it encompassed all VPI procedures they performed or requested additions. Two surgeons then observed the conduct of the procedures by surgeons at each hospital. Standardized reports were completed with each visit to further explore the literature, refine the schema, and delineate the common and unique aspects of each surgeon's technique. Results Procedures were divided into three groups: palate-based surgery; pharynx-based surgery; and augmentation. Palate-based operations included straight line mucosal incision with intravelar veloplasty, double-opposing Z-plasty, and palate lengthening with buccal myomucosal flaps. Many surgeons blended maneuvers from these three techniques, so a more descriptive schema was developed classifying the maneuvers employed on the oral mucosa, nasal mucosa, and muscle. Pharynx-based surgery included pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty, with variations in design for each. Augmentation procedures included palate and posterior wall augmentation. Conclusions A comprehensive schema for VPI procedures was developed incorporating intentional adaptations in technique. There was substantial variation amongst surgeons in how each procedure was performed. The schema may enable more specific evaluations of surgical outcomes and exploration of the mechanisms through which these procedures improve speech.
U-bent Viabahn stent graft in the main left pulmonary artery in a hemodialysis patient after asymptomatic migration: Percutaneous removal and technical considerations
Authors: Quaretti Pietro , Corti Riccardo , D’Agostino Antonio Mauro , Cionfoli Nicola 
Published: July 2023

Background: Stent grafts (SG) have gained the highest level of evidence for superior management over angioplasty of arteriovenous graft (AVG) venous outflow stenosis, which increases their use in hemodialysis patients. Migration to the heart and lungs is the most feared complication of SG of the venous system. Method: We present a previously unreported case of asymptomatic migration of a 10-cm-long Viabahn lodged in a U-shaped configuration in the main left pulmonary artery after AVG intervention in a 50 year old male hemodialysis patient. Results: Through a single femoral access percutaneous retrieval of migrated SG was accomplished. Technique of coaxial buddy snaring technique is described. Conclusion: Our technique may expand the endovascular likelihood of successful stent removal.