bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-curricular engagement among engineering undergrads: do they have the time and motivation?
Authors: Olewnik Andrew , Chang Yunjeong , Su Mengchen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCo-curricular activities are often touted as valuable STEM learning opportunities in higher education settings. Particularly in engineering, industry encourage and seek students with co-curricular experiences. However, many engineering undergraduates do not regularly participate in those experiences. Some researchers have suggested that the rigors of the curriculum leave little time for co-curriculars. Yet, little research has empirically examined the reality of the undergraduate students’ involvement in co-curriculars. Thus, as an initial study, we situated our study in a large public university to explore students’ motivations for co-curriculars. In this paper we report on our efforts to understand student perceptions about the value and costs of that involvement. We considered how undergraduate engineering students used their time and what motivated them to engage (or not) in co-curriculars using Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT). Students’ motivation was investigated with a quantitative research methodology and complemented by interview data.ResultsResults of our motivation survey show that students who participated in co-curriculars perceived less cost than those who never participated. We also found that the achievement values of co-curriculars does not necessarily motivate student involvement. Interview data were used to further interpret quantitative data results.ConclusionsIn the context of study findings and existent literature, we discuss several implications for future research and practice. First, we argue for a more granular investigation of student time use and its impact on co-curricular participation. Second, despite the potential for high impact outcomes, students who have never participated perceived high cost for co-curricular engagement. Those perceptions may aggravate inequitable engagement of student populations, including historically marginalized populations in the STEM field. Third, students do not necessarily associate co-curricular experiences with the types of achievement values and learning that institutions, alumni, and industry might consider most important. Thus, to build and support co-curricular programs that provide the holistic educational experiences and learning that are anticipated, research that supports design of co-curricular programs and policies to improve engagement and persistence in those programs for all students is necessary.
Spontaneous spheroids from alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stromal cells maintain pluripotency of stem cells by regulating hypoxia-inducible factors
Authors: Li Ni , Dai Xiaofeng , Yang Fei , Sun Yang , Wu Xingwen , Zhou Qianrong , Chen Kai , Sun Jian , Bi Wei , Shi Le , Yu Youcheng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Spontaneous spheroid culture is a novel three-dimensional (3D) culture strategy for the rapid and efficient selection of progenitor cells. The objectives of this study are to investigate the pluripotency and differentiation capability of spontaneous spheroids from alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AB-MSCs); compare the advantages of spontaneous spheroids to those of mechanical spheroids; and explore the mechanisms of stemness enhancement during spheroid formation from two-dimensional (2D) cultured cells.

Methods
AB-MSCs were isolated from the alveolar bones of C57BL/6 J mice. Spontaneous spheroids formed in low-adherence specific culture plates. The stemness, proliferation, and multi-differentiation capacities of spheroids and monolayer cultures were investigated by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), immunofluorescence, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and oil-red O staining. The pluripotency difference between the spontaneous and mechanical spheroids was analyzed using RT-qPCR. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIFs) inhibition experiments were performed to explore the mechanisms of stemness maintenance in AB-MSC spheroids.

Results
AB-MSCs successfully formed spontaneous spheroids after 24 h. AB-MSC spheroids were positive for MSC markers and pluripotency markers (Oct4, KLF4, Sox2, and cMyc). Spheroids showed higher Ki67 expression and lower Caspase3 expression at 24 h. Under the corresponding conditions, the spheroids were successfully differentiated into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. AB-MSC spheroids can induce neural-like cells after neurogenic differentiation. Higher expression of osteogenic markers, adipogenic markers, and neurogenic markers (NF-M, NeuN, and GFAP) was found in spheroids than in the monolayer. Spontaneous spheroids exhibited higher stemness than mechanical spheroids did. HIF-1α and HIF-2α were remarkably upregulated in spheroids. After HIF-1/2α-specific inhibition, spheroid formation was significantly reduced. Moreover, the expression of the pluripotency genes was suppressed.

Conclusions
Spontaneous spheroids from AB-MSCs enhance stemness and pluripotency. HIF-1/2α plays an important role in the stemness regulation of spheroids. AB-MSC spheroids exhibit excellent multi-differentiation capability, which may be a potent therapy for craniomaxillofacial tissue regeneration.
Burden of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among pregnant women in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mosisa Getu , Diriba Dereje Chala , Tsegaye Reta , Kejela Gemechu , Bayisa Diriba , Oluma Adugna , Wakuma Bizuneh , Abadiga Muktar , Turi Ebisa , Abera Tesfaye , Bayisa Lami , Tufa Girma 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The ultimate goal of preventing intestinal parasites among pregnant women is to reduce maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality. Numerous primary studies were conducted in East Africa presented intestinal parasite infection and associated factors among pregnant women. However, the pooled finding is not known. Therefore, this review aimed to identify the pooled prevalence of intestinal parasite infection and its determinants among pregnant women in East Africa.

Methods
Articles published from 2009 to 2021 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and HINARI databases. The search for unpublished studies such as thesis and dissertations was checked in Addis Ababa University and Africa Digital Library. PRISMA checklist was used to report the review. Articles published in the English Language were considered. The data were extracted by two authors using data extraction checklists on Microsoft excel. Heterogeneity among the included studies was checked using I2 statistics on forest plots. Sensitivity and sub-group analyses were conducted to assess the presence of primary studies, and study characteristics responsible for the observed heterogeneity.

Results
Of the 43 identified articles, about 23 articles were removed due to duplications. Then, by assessing the abstracts and full texts, four articles were removed because they failed to meet the eligibility criteria. Finally, 16 articles were included in the systematic and meta-analysis.The pooled prevalence of intestinal parasites among pregnant women in East Africa was 38.54 (28.77, 48.32). In this study, variables like residing in rural areas (OR: 3.75; CI: 1.15,12.16), availability of latrine(OR: 2.94; 95% CI: 2.22, 3.91), eating raw fruits/vegetables (OR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.16, 5.11). and sources of water as unprotected sources (OR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.11,4.35) show statistically significant association with the increased burden of intestinal parasites among pregnant women.

Conclusion
The burden of intestinal parasite infection among pregnant women in East Africa was high. Therefore, efforts should be made in deworming pregnant women at the community and institutional level by stakeholders to reduce the burden of intestinal parasite infections and related complications.
Utilisation of Mangifera indica plant extracts and parts in antimicrobial formulations and as a pharmaceutical excipient: a review
Authors: Alaiya Mojisola Atinuke , Odeniyi Michael A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial resistance and the environmental threat posed by some synthetic antimicrobial agents necessitate more research into development of novel pharmaceutical products that are environmentally friendly. Also, the use of plant derived excipients is growing and opening up new avenue to solve current drug delivery issues in the pharmaceutical industry.Main bodyThis review summarizes studies related to the antimicrobial property ofMangifera indicaextracts, possible mechanisms of antimicrobial action and antimicrobial formulations from the plant and overview of researches relating to the use ofM. indicaas a pharmaceutical excipient. Electronic searches were conducted on databases such as Pub Med, Wiley Online Library (WOL) and Google Scholar with focus on published articles relating toM. indica. Inclusion and exclusion criteria include publications relating to antimicrobial properties ofM. indicaextracts, its antimicrobial formulations and its use as a pharmaceutical excipient. The electronic searches yielded about 190 articles. From the studies reviewed, the mechanisms of action of phytochemicals described corroborate the antimicrobial activity exhibited byM. indicaextracts and its selected formulations. In addition, mango pectin was observed to possess potential as a pharmaceutical excipient. Very few previous review articles based their focus on incorporating mechanism of action of phytochemicals with antimicrobial activity.This review examined antimicrobial properties ofM. indicaextracts and formulations, major phytochemicals in the plant parts and their possible modes of action. In addition, the study assessed the use of natural polymer derived from mango plant as excipients in pharmaceutical and pharmacological preparations.ConclusionThe study concluded that effective antimicrobial activity of mango plant extracts and formulations requires synergy of actions among various phytochemical constituents of the extract or formulation. It is recommended that more researches focused on discovery of new phytochemicals inM. indica,their mechanisms of action and effective utilization of the plant in the pharmaceutical industry should be further explored.
Navigating the Ocean of Suspicion
Authors: Malmström Maria Frederika 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article explores the ambiguity of familiar materialities and the relationships between material and affective experiences. Those flows and interactions are crucial sites for interrogating social meanings, valences, and effects of suspicion. It explores how politically active Cairenes navigate suspicious spaces, bodies, and nonliving things in the cityscape and how materiality shapes and is shaped by the emotional-aesthetic responses of individuals and groups to the stimuli it provides. In this specific context, the distinct form of what the author calls agential ambivalence, where feelings of control apply to tactics for managing surveillance and to reckless risk-taking are key. Agential ambivalence is required to “stay alive” in Cairo. The activists the author knows still take extreme risks and sometimes even make seemingly careless decisions. Ambivalence in face of suspicion is a given, but it takes specific shapes and dynamics.
FOLFIRINOX or Gemcitabine-based Chemotherapy for Borderline Resectable and Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Multi-institutional, Patient-Level, Meta-analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Eshmuminov Dilmurodjon , Aminjonov Botirjon , Palm Russell F. , Malleo Giuseppe , Schmocker Ryan K. , Abdallah Raëf , Yoo Changhoon , Shaib Walid L. , Schneider Marcel André , Rangelova Elena , Choi Yoo Jin , Kim Hongbeom , Rose J. Bart , Patel Sameer , Wilson Gregory C. , Maloney Sarah , Timmermann Lea , Sahora Klaus , Rössler Fabian , Lopez-Lopez Víctor , Boyer Emanuel , Maggino Laura , Malinka Thomas , Park Jeong Youp , Katz Matthew H. G. , Prakash Laura , Ahmad Syed A. , Helton Scott , Jang Jin-Young , Hoffe Sarah E. , Salvia Roberto , Taieb Julien , He Jin , Clavien Pierre-Alain , Held Ulrike , Lehmann Kuno 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic cancer often presents as locally advanced (LAPC) or borderline resectable (BRPC). Neoadjuvant systemic therapy is recommended as initial treatment. It is currently unclear what chemotherapy should be preferred for patients with BRPC or LAPC.

Methods
We performed a systematic review and multi-institutional meta-analysis of patient-level data regarding the use of initial systemic therapy for BRPC and LAPC. Outcomes were reported separately for tumor entity and by chemotherapy regimen including FOLFIRINOX (FIO) or gemcitabine-based.

Results
A total of 23 studies comprising 2930 patients were analyzed for overall survival (OS) calculated from the beginning of systemic treatment. OS for patients with BRPC was 22.0 months with FIO, 16.9 months with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (Gem/nab), 21.6 months with gemcitabine/cisplatin or oxaliplatin or docetaxel or capecitabine (GemX), and 10 months with gemcitabine monotherapy (Gem-mono) (p < 0.0001). In patients with LAPC, OS also was higher with FIO (17.1 months) compared with Gem/nab (12.5 months), GemX (12.3 months), and Gem-mono (9.4 months; p < 0.0001). This difference was driven by the patients who did not undergo surgery, where FIO was superior to other regimens. The resection rates for patients with BRPC were 0.55 for gemcitabine-based chemotherapy and 0.53 with FIO. In patients with LAPC, resection rates were 0.19 with Gemcitabine and 0.28 with FIO. In resected patients, OS for patients with BRPC was 32.9 months with FIO and not different compared to Gem/nab, (28.6 months, p = 0.285), GemX (38.8 months, p = 0.1), or Gem-mono (23.1 months, p = 0.083). A similar trend was observed in resected patients converted from LAPC.

Conclusions
In patients with BRPC or LAPC, primary treatment with FOLFIRINOX compared with Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy appears to provide a survival benefit for patients that are ultimately unresectable. For patients that undergo surgical resection, outcomes are similar between GEM+ and FOLFIRINOX when delivered in the neoadjuvant setting.
Two-Sided Cultural Fit: The Differing Behavioral Consequences of Cultural Congruence Based on Values Versus Perceptions
Authors: Lu Richard , Chatman Jennifer A. , Goldberg Amir , Srivastava Sameer B. 
Published: April 2023

How do people establish and maintain cultural fit with an organization? Prior research has offered two perspectives that have heretofore been conceptually disconnected. One focuses on personal values, whereas another emphasizes perceptions of the cultural code. We develop a theoretical account that integrates these approaches by linking them to distinct mechanisms and behavioral consequences of cultural fit. We propose that value congruence—the match between one’s values and those that prevail in an organization—relates to the mechanism of group attachment and shapes behavior when one periodically steps back from day-to-day interactions, assesses one’s identification with an organization, and determines whether to stay or voluntarily depart. In contrast, we argue that perceptual congruence—the degree to which one implicitly understands an organization’s prevailing values and norms—relates to the mechanism of interpersonal coordination and influences behavior when one engages in routine peer interactions. Accordingly, we theorize that these two forms of cultural fit relate to distinct behaviors, voluntary exit and linguistic conformity with peers, respectively. Drawing on email and survey data from a midsized technology firm, we find support for our theory and discuss the implications of our findings for research on person-culture fit, dual-process models of culture and cognition, and the pairing of surveys with digital trace data. Funding: This work was supported by the Berkeley Culture Center, the Cortese Distinguished Chair in Management, the Grether Chair of Business Administration and Public Policy.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of conventional and interlaminar full-endoscopic decompressive laminectomy to treat lumbar spinal stenosis (ENDO-F trial): Protocol for a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial
Authors: Kim Jin-Sung , Bae Junseok , Lee Dong Chan , Shin Sang-Ha , Keum Han Joong , Choi Young Soo , Eun Sang Soo , Shin Seung Ho , Hong Hyun Jin , Kim Ji Yeon , Kim Tae Hyun , Lim Woojung , Kim Junghoon , Park Sang-Min , Park Hyun-Jin , Lee Hong-Jae 
Published: April 2023

Lumbar spinal stenosis is a common spinal degenerative condition. Minimally invasive interlaminar full-endoscopic decompressive laminectomy provides greater patient satisfaction and faster recovery than open decompressive laminectomy. The aim of our randomized controlled trial will be to compare the safety and efficacy of interlaminar full-endoscopic laminectomy and open decompressive laminectomy. Our trial will include 120 participants (60 per group) who will undergo surgical treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis. The primary outcome will be the Oswestry Disability Index measured at 12 months postoperatively. Secondary patient-reported outcomes will include back and radicular leg pain measured via a visual analog scale; the Oswestry Disability Index; the Euro-QOL-5 Dimensions score measured at 2 weeks and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively; and patient satisfaction. The functional measures will include time to return to daily activities postoperatively and walking distance/time. The surgical outcomes will include postoperative drainage, operation time, duration of hospital stay, postoperative creatine kinase (an indicator of muscle injury) level, and postoperative surgical scarring. Magnetic resonance and computed tomography images and simple radiographs will be obtained for all patients. The safety outcomes will include surgery-related complications and adverse effects. All evaluations will be performed by a single assessor at each participating hospital who will be blinded to group allocation. The evaluations will be conducted preoperatively and at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The randomized, multicenter design of the trial, blinding, and justification of the sample size will reduce the risk of bias in our trial. The results of the trial will provide data regarding the use of interlaminar full-endoscopic laminectomy as an alternative to open decompressive laminectomy that results in similar surgical findings with less invasiveness.
Trial registration: This trial is registered at cris.nih.go.kr. (KCT0006198; protocol version 1; 27 May 2021).
Rimaykunawan, ñawpa yachaykunawan ima, sumaq mosqoypa kamariynin. Kikinmanta simikunaq hamut’ayninwan, qhelqaqpa willarikuyninwan ima
Authors: Quispe-Collantes Roxana 
Published: April 2023

Q’estesqa
Unu raymay killapin, iskay waranqa chunka isqonniyoq watapin, Perú suyupiqa hoq mana hayq’aq ruwakusqanta ruwarani, qhelqaspay, chaymanta mamitaypa churawasqan Qosqomanta runasimiywan, harawimanta hatun k’uskiyniyta hark’arani. Kay qhelqaqa hoq hatun mosqoymanta willarikuyninmi kakun, noqaq kawsayniymantapacha awasqa kakun, aylluykunawan kawsayniymantapachawanpas awasqa kakun, llaqtarunakunawan kawsayniymantapachawan ima awasqa kakun, warmiruna hina kawsayniymantapas tarikun, runasimipi rimaq llaqtakunamanta qhawarichiqnin hina, hark’aqninpuwanpas kaspa, hamut’asqa k’uskikunaq qhelqaqnin kaspa ima.
Heraclitean Flux Metaphysics
Authors: Bassford Andrew Dennis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis essay offers an original interpretation and defense of the doctrine of flux, as it is presented in Plato’s Theaetetus. The methodology of the paper’s analysis is in the style of rational reconstruction, and it is highly analytic in scope, in the sense that I will focus on the text itself, and only on certain parts of it too, while ignoring the rest of Plato’s extensive corpus, and without worrying about whether, how, and to what extent the interpretation of the view coheres well with the other elements of the secret doctrine view discussed in the dialogue, as well. In the first part of the essay, I’ll offer my interpretation of the doctrine. Then, in the second part of the essay, I’ll examine two potential criticisms of the doctrine, including Socrates’s infamous linguistic paradox, and show how my interpretation of Heraclitean flux metaphysics is able to circumvent both.
Investigation of magnetized convection for second-grade nanofluids via Prabhakar differentiation
Authors: Ali Qasim , Riaz Samia , Memon Imran Qasim , Chandio Irfan Ali , Amir Muhammad , Sarris Ioannis E. , Abro Kashif Ali 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The application of nanoparticles in the base fluids strongly influences the presentation of cooling as well as heating techniques. The nanoparticles improve thermal conductivity by fluctuating the heat characteristics in the base fluid. The expertise of nanoparticles in increasing heat transference has captivated several investigators to more evaluate the working fluid. This study disputes the investigation of convection flow for magnetohydrodynamics second-grade nanofluid with an infinite upright heated flat plate. The fractional model is obtained through Fourier law by exploiting Prabhakar fractional approach along with graphene oxide

(

GO

)

({\rm{GO}})

and molybdenum disulfide

(

Mo

S

2

)

({\rm{Mo}}{{\rm{S}}}_{2})

nanoparticles and engine oil is considered as the base fluid. The equations are solved analytically via the Laplace approach. The temperature and momentum profiles show the dual behavior of the fractional parameters

(

α
,
β
,
γ

)

(\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma )

at different times. The velocity increases as

Grashof number

{\rm{Grashof\; number}}

increases and declines for greater values of magnetic parameter and Prandtl number. In the comparison of different numerical methods, the curves are overlapped, signifying that our attained results are authentic. The numerical investigation of governed profiles comparison shows that our obtained results in percentages of

0.2

0.2

≤ temperature ≤

4.36

4.36

and velocity

0.48
≤
7.53

0.48\le 7.53

are better than those of Basit et al. The development in temperature and momentum profile, due to engine oil–GO is more progressive, than engine oil–MoS2.