bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Link between the Nankai underthrust turbidites and shallow slow earthquakes
Authors: Park Jin-Oh , Jamali Hondori Ehsan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTrench sediments such as pelagic clay or terrigenous turbidites have long been invoked to explain the seismogenic behavior of the megathrust fault (i.e., décollement). Recent numerous studies suggest that slow earthquakes may be associated with huge megathrust earthquake; however, controls on the slow earthquake occurrence remain poorly understood. We investigate seismic reflection data along the Nankai Trough subduction zone to understand the correlations between the spatial distribution of the broad turbidites and along-strike variations in shallow slow earthquakes and slip-deficit rates. This report presents a unique map of regional distribution of the three discrete Miocene turbidites that underthrust apparently along the décollement beneath the Nankai accretionary prism. A comparison of distributions of the Nankai underthrust turbidites, shallow slow earthquakes, and slip-deficit rates enables us to infer that the underthrust turbidites may cause primarily low pore-fluid overpressures and high effective vertical stresses across the décollement, leading to potentially inhibiting the slow earthquake occurrence. Our findings provide a new insight into potential role of the underthrust turbidites for shallow slow earthquakes at subduction zone.
Luminescent materials with dual-mode excitation and tunable emission color for anti-counterfeiting applications
Authors: Jaroch Nina , Czajka Justyna , Szczeszak Agata 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGdVO4-based dual-mode phosphors were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal approach. The X-ray diffraction analysis determined the tetragonal structure as well as I41/amd space group of products by comparing with a reference pattern no. ICDD #01-072-0277. The morphology of yielded phosphors was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Detailed spectroscopy analysis revealed tunable luminescence properties with an increasing Yb3+ content in series of GdVO4: x% Yb3+, y% Tm3+, 5% Eu3+ (x = 5, 10, 15, 20; y = 0.1, 0.5, 1) phosphors. For Yb3+, Tm3+, and Eu3+- codoped phosphors we observed bands related to the 1G4 → 3H6 and 1G4 → 3F4 transitions of Tm3+ ions, occurred through the cooperative up-conversion mechanism, where two nearby Yb3+ ions were involved in near-infrared absorption. Moreover, the GdVO4: 20% Yb3+, 0.5% Tm3+, 5% Eu3+ showed the most outstanding color tunability from red color (x = 0.6338, y = 0.3172) under UV to blue color (x = 0.2640, y = 0.1988) under NIR excitation, which can be applied in anti-counterfeiting activity.
Prevalence of surgical site infections after open reduction and internal fixation for mandibular fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kostares Evangelos , Kostare Georgia , Kostares Michael , Kantzanou Maria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOur study aims to estimate the prevalence of surgical site infections (SSI) following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for mandibular fractures and to determine the effect of potential moderators on it. A systematic literature search (Medline and Scopus databases) was conducted independently by two reviewers. The pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals was estimated. Quality assessment as well as outlier and influential analysis were performed. Additionally, subgroup and meta-regression analysis were conducted in order the effect of categorical and continuous variables on the estimated prevalence to be investigated. In total, seventy-five eligible studies (comprising a sum of 5825 participants) were included in this meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of SSI following ORIF for mandibular fractures was estimated as high as 4.2% (95% CI 3.0–5.6%) with significant heterogeneity between studies. One study was identified to be critically influential. In the subgroup analysis, the prevalence was 4.2% (95% CI 2.2–6.6%) among studies conducted in Europe, 4.3% (95% CI 3.1–5.6%) among studies conducted in Asia and higher among those conducted in America (7.3%) (95% CI 4.7–10.3%). It is important for healthcare professionals to be aware of the etiology of these infections, despite the relatively low rate of SSI in these procedures. However, further, well-designed prospective and retrospective studies need to be conducted in order this issue to be fully clarified.
Biocompatible topical delivery system of high-molecular-weight hyaluronan into human stratum corneum using magnesium chloride
Authors: Fujii Mika Y. , Okishima Anna , Ichiwata Hiroko S. , Oka Takashi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNon-invasive delivery of hyaluronan into the stratum corneum (SC) is extremely difficult because of its high molecular weight and the strong barrier of the SC. We developed a safe method of administering hyaluronan into the human SC and determined its penetration route. The amount of hyaluronan that penetrated into the SC was 1.5–3 times higher in the presence of magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2) than other metal chlorides. The root-mean-square radius of hyaluronan in water decreased with the addition of MgCl2. Moreover, MgCl2 solutions maintained their dissolved state on a plastic plate for a long time, suggesting that size compaction and inhibition of hyaluronan precipitation on the skin enhanced hyaluronan into the SC. Our results also strongly suggest that an intercellular route contributes to the penetration of hyaluronan from the upper to the middle layer of the SC. No disruption to the SC barrier was observed after continuous use once a day for 1 month, demonstrating the potential of our method for the safe, topical application of hyaluronan.
Charge transfer and X-ray absorption investigations in aluminium and copper co-doped zinc oxide nanostructure for perovskite solar cell electrodes
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Gautam Sanjeev , Chae Keun Hwa , Klysubun Wantana , Goyal Navdeep 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study explores influence of charge transfer and X-ray absorption characteristics in aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) co-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures for perovskite solar cell electrodes. Sol-gel technique was employed to synthesize the nanostructures, and their optical and morphological properties were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed high crystallinity and also single-phase composition of all the samples, particularly up to 5% Al co-doping. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) exhibited the formation of pseudo-hexagonal wurtzite nanostructure and the transition to nanorods at 5% Al co-doping. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy indicated a reduction in the optical band gap of co-doped zinc oxide from 3.11 to 2.9 eV with increasing Al doping. Photoluminescence spectra (PL) exhibited a decrease in peak intensity, suggesting enhanced conductivity in ZnO, also confirmed from I-V measurements. Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) analysis depicts that charge transfer from Al to oxygen (O) species enhanced the photosensing properties of the nanostructure, which was supported by FESEM micrographs and PL spectra. Furthermore, the study discovered that 5% Al co-doping significantly reduced the density of emission defects (deep-level) in Cu–ZnO nanostructure. These findings highlight the potential of Cu and Al co-doped ZnO materials for perovskite solar cell electrodes, as their improved optical and morphological properties resulting from charge transfer could enhance device performance. The investigation of charge transfer and X-ray absorption characteristics provides valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms and behaviors of the co-doped ZnO nanostructures. However, further research is required to delve into the intricate hybridization resulting from charge transfer and explore the broader impact of co-doping on other properties of the nanostructures, enabling a comprehensive understanding of their potential applications in perovskite solar cells.
Hydroxyapatite coatings on cement paste as barriers against radiological contamination
Authors: Cumberland Susan A. , Hamilton Andrea , Renshaw Joanna C. , Tierney Kieran M. , Lunn Rebecca J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel method for precipitating hydroxyapatite (HAp) onto cement paste is investigated for protecting concrete infrastructure from radiological contamination. Legacy nuclear sites contain large volumes of contaminated concrete and are expensive and dangerous to decommission. One solution is to ‘design for decommissioning’ by confining contaminants to a thin layer. Current layering methods, including paints or films, offer poor durability over plant lifespans. Here, we present a mineral-HAp-coated cement, which innovatively serves as a barrier layer to radioactive contaminants (e.g. Sr, U). HAp is shown to directly mineralise onto a cement paste block in a layer several microns thick via a two-step process: first, applying a silica-based scaffold onto a cement paste block; and second, soaking the resulting block in a PO4-enriched Ringer’s solution. Strontium ingression was tested on coated and uncoated cement paste (~ 40 × 40 × 40mm cement, 450 mL, 1000 mg L− 1 Sr) for a period of 1-week. While both coated and uncoated samples reduced the solution concentration of Sr by half, Sr was held within the HAp layer of coated cement paste and was not observed within the cement matrix. In the uncoated samples, Sr had penetrated further into the block. Further studies aim to characterise HAp before and after exposure to a range of radioactive contaminants and to develop a method for mechanical layer separation.
Beneficial sterols in selected edible insects and their associated antibacterial activities
Authors: Mudalungu Cynthia Muhavi , Mokaya Hosea Oginda , Tanga Chrysantus Mbi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEdible insects are increasingly gaining popularity as research reveals multiple benefits. However, the rediscovery of natural products from insects as medicinal agents has received limited attention. This study aimed at evaluating the diversity of sterols in extracts of nine edible insects and potential antibacterial activities. Dichloromethane extracts of these insects were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to identify important sterols, followed by evaluation of their anti-bacterial activities. Nineteen sterols were identified with the highest recorded in African fruit beetle [Pachnoda sinuata (47.37%)], crickets [Gryllus bimaculatus (36.84%) and Scapsipedus icipe (31.58%)]. Cholesterol was the most prevalent, except in black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens). Bioactivity revealed S. icipe as the most potent extract against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis whereas G. bimaculatus was highest against Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 25923. These findings unravels the diversity of sterols in edible insects and their possible application in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Synthesis, characterization, and lead removal efficiency of orange peel powder and orange peel powder doped iron (III) oxide-hydroxide
Authors: Praipipat Pornsawai , Ngamsurach Pimploy , Joraleeprasert Tanyaporn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLead contamination in wastewater causes toxicity to aquatic life, the environment, and water quality, and it causes many human dysfunctions and diseases. Thus, it is necessary to remove lead from wastewater before discharging it into the environment. Orange peel powder (OP) and orange peel powder doped iron (III) oxide-hydroxide (OPF) were synthesized, characterized, and investigated lead removal efficiencies by batch experiments, adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and desorption experiments. The specific surface area of OP and OPF were 0.431 and 0.896 m2/g, and their pore sizes were 4.462 and 2.575 nm, respectively which OPF had a higher surface area than OP, whereas its pore size was smaller than OP. They were semi-crystalline structures that presented the specific cellulose peaks, and OPF also detected the specific iron (III) oxide-hydroxide peaks. The surface morphologies of OP and OPF were irregular and porous surfaces. Carbon (C), oxygen (O), calcium (Ca), O–H, C–H, C=C, C–O, C=O, and –COOH were observed in both materials. The pHpzcof OP and OPF were 3.74 and 4.46. For batch experiments, OPF demonstrated a higher lead removal efficiency than OP because of spending less on material dosage than OP, and OPF demonstrated high lead removal by more than 95% while OP could remove lead at only 67%. Thus, the addition of iron (III) oxide-hydroxide helped to increase material efficiency for lead adsorption. Both materials corresponded to the Freundlich model relating to physiochemical adsorption, and they also corresponded to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model relating to a chemisorption process. Moreover, both materials could be reusable for more than 5 cycles for lead adsorption of more than 55%. Therefore, OPF was potential material to apply for lead removals in industrial applications.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of unfractionated peripheral blood leukocytes after exercise in human
Authors: Nie Mingkun , Liu Qingling , Jia Ruoling , Li Zhuoyi , Li Xiaoru , Meng Xiangtao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExercise has profound but variable effects on the immune system. However, only limited information exists about the changes of exercise-induced gene expression in whole immune cells. The aim of this study is to unravel the potential molecular changes of genes which are related to immunity after exercise. The raw expression data and corresponding clinical of GSE18966 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes between control group and treat groups were performed by in-house developed perl scripts. A total of 83 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (|log2 FC|> 1, FDR < 0.05) were identified between control and treat group 1 (0 h after exercise), 128 DEGs (|log2 FC|> 1, FDR < 0.05) between control and treat group 2 (4 h after exercise), and there was no significant difference between control and treat group 3 (20 h after exercise). Next, we identified 51 overlapping genes between treat group 1 (0 h after exercise) and treat group 2 (4 h after exercise) using Venn analysis. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.2, and nine hub genes (S100A12, FCGR3B, FPR1, VNN2, AQP9, MMP9, OSM, NCF4, HP) were identified. Finally, 9 hub genes were identified as the potential biomarkers of exercise using validation set (GSE83578) verification analysis. These hub genes might serve as potential molecular targets of monitoring exercise and training processes in the further.
Enhancing saltiness perception by chemosensory interaction: an fMRI study
Authors: Faridi Esfanjani Afshin , Mohebbi Mohebbat 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNeuroimaging studies that focus on taste, odor, and their interactions can specify their capability to elicit brain regions responsible for flavor perception and reward. Such information would be useful for formulating healthy food products, such as low salt food. In this study, a sensory experiment was conducted to investigate the capability of cheddar cheese odor, monosodium glutamate (MSG), and their interactions to enhance saltiness perception and preference of NaCl solutions. The activated brain areas in response to odor-taste-taste interactions were then investigated using an fMRI study. The results of the sensory tests showed that saltiness and preference of NaCl solutions were enhanced in the presence of MSG + cheddar cheese odor. According to the fMRI study, the stimulus with a higher salty rate activated the rolandic operculum, and the stimulus with a higher preference activated the rectus, medial orbitofrontal cortex, and substantia nigra. Moreover, the activation of multiple regions, such as the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), temporal pole, and amygdala was observed in response to (cheddar cheese odor + MSG + NaCl) minus (odorless air + NaCl).
Aroma characterization and consumer acceptance of four cookie products enriched with insect (Ruspolia differens) meal
Authors: Ochieng Brian O. , Anyango Joseph O. , Nduko John M. , Mudalungu Cynthia M. , Cheseto Xavier , Tanga Chrysantus M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research aims to advance knowledge on the impact of four processing methods on volatile compounds from insect-based baked products (cookies) to provide insights on consumer acceptance. Samples were exposed to double step enzyme digestive test, volatiles characterized through headspace analysis, while semi-trained panelists were recruited for the sensory test. Blanched and boiled samples of R. differens had considerably higher digestibility (83.42% and 81.61%, respectively) (p < 0.05) than toasted and deep-fried samples. Insect-based cookie products integrated with blanched and boiled R. differens meal expressed higher digestibility (80.41% and 78.73%, respectively) that was comparable to that of commercial cookie products (control cookies-CTRC with 88.22%). Key volatile compounds common between the various cookie products included, nonanal, octanal, methyl-pyrazine, hexanal, tetradecane, 2-pentylfuran, 2-heptanone, 2E-octenal, 2E-heptenal and dodecane. Among the volatile compounds, pleasant aromas observed were 2E,4E-dodecadienal, pentanal, octanal, methyl pyrazine, furfurals, benzaldehyde, and 2-pentyl furan, which were more pronounced in cookies fortified with boiled, toasted and deep-fried R. differens meal. There was a greater resemblance of sensory characteristics between control cookies and those fortified with deep-fried R. differens. These findings underscore the significant influence of aroma compounds on consumer acceptability and preference for insect-based baked food products, which allows for future process-modification of innate aromas of insect-based meals to produce high-valued pleasant consumer driven market products.
Photocatalytic-ozonation process in oxytetracycline degradation in aqueous solution: composite characterization, optimization, energy consumption, and by-products
Authors: Mehralipour Jamal , Darvishali Siamak , Bagheri Susan , Kermani Majid 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this research, we synthesized BiOI/NH2-MIL125(Ti) via solvo-thermal method to investigation of oxytetracycline (OTC) degradation in photocatalytic-ozonation process. The results of the XRD, FESEM, EDAX, FTIR, UV–Vis, TEM, XPS, and BET analyzes indicated that the catalyst BiOI/MOF was synthesized with excellent quality. Design of experiment (DOE), ANOVA statistical analysis, interaction of parameters and predicated optimum condition was done based on CCD. The effect of catalyst dose (0.25–0.5 mg/l), pH (4–8), reaction time (30–60 min) and O3 concentration (20–40 mN) at 10 mg/l of OTC on PCO/O3 process was optimized. Based on P-value and F-value coefficients (0.0001, 450.3 respectively) the model of OTC (F-value = 2451.04) and (P-value = 0.0001) coefficients, the model of COD removal was quadratic model. Under optimum condition pH 8.0, CD = 0.34 mg/l, RT = 56 min and O3 concentration = 28.7 mN, 96.2 and 77.2% of OTC and COD removed, respectively. The reduction of TOC was 64.2% in optimal conditions, which is less than the reduction of COD and OTC. The kinetics of reaction followed pseudo-first-order kinetic (R2 = 0.99). Synergistic effect coefficient was 1.31 that indicated ozonation, presence of catalyst and photolysis had a synergistic effect on OTC removal. The stability and reusability of the catalyst in six consecutive operating steps was acceptable and 7% efficiency decreased only. Cations (Mg2+, and Ca2+), SO42− had no influence on performing the process, but other anions, organic scavengers, and nitrogen gas, had an inhibitory effect. Finally, the OTC degradation probably pathway includes direct and indirect oxidation that decarboxylation, hydroxylation, demethylation and were the main mechanism in OTC degradation.
From superhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity: high-resolution neutron imaging and modeling of water imbibition through porous surfaces treated with engineered nano-coatings
Authors: Zemajtis Filip , Hasan Abul Borkot Md Rafiqul , Yetik Okan , Trtik Pavel , Pillai Krishna M. , Sobolev Konstantin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper reports on a superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic transformation of TiO2 nanoparticles doped zinc phosphate coating systems when a hydrophobic agent is applied. The objective of the reported research was to demonstrate the feasibility of a neutron imaging technique for evaluating the performance of the proposed nano-coating system and reveal the differences in water ingress mechanisms which are specific to plain, superhydrophilic, overhydrophobic, and superhydrophobic specimens. The engineered nano-coatings were designed to improve hydrophobic response with inducing the required roughness pattern and introducing the photocatalytic performance. The effectiveness of the coatings was assessed using high-resolution neutron imaging (HR-NI), SEM, CLSM, and XRD techniques. High-resolution neutron imaging revealed that the superhydrophobic coating effectively prevents water ingress into the porous ceramic substrate, whereas water imbibition was observed for superhydrophilic coating during the test duration. The moisture transport kinetics was modeled based on the Richards equation for plain ceramic and superhydrophilic specimens using obtained penetration depth values from HR-NI. SEM, CLSM, and XRD studies confirm the desired TiO2-doped zinc phosphate coatings with increased surface roughness, photocatalytic reactivity, and chemical bonding. The research results demonstrated that a two-layer superhydrophobic system is capable of creating effective water barriers on the surface with contact angles of 153°, which remained effective even after surface damage.
Organic/inorganic phosphorus partition and transformation in long-term paddy cultivation in the Pearl River Delta, China
Authors: Tang Xian , Liu Hongyi , Qin Hailong , Zhao Jianrong , Wang Hong , Li Bo , Lu Ying 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIdentification and quantification of different soil phosphorus (P) fractions level are important for improving agricultural productivity and developing sustainable management practices in these agricultural soils under long-term cultivation. However, few studies have been conducted to investigate P fractions level and their transformation in these soils. This study was conducted to characterize P fractions as affected by different paddy cultivation ages (200, 400-yr and 900-yr) among soils of the Pearl River Delta Plain in China. A sequential chemical fractionation scheme and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P NMR) were employed to quantify various P fractions and speciation. Results showed soil easily-labile P, moderately-labile P and non-labile P had a positive relationship with total P (TP) and available P (AP). Analysis with 31P NMR spectroscopy revealed that inorganic P including orthophosphate (Ortho-P) and pyrophosphate (Pyro-P) increased with cultivation age, while organic species monoester phosphate (Mono-P) and diester phosphate (Diester-P) decreased. Moreover, acid phosphatase (AcP), neutral phosphatase (NeP), exchangeable Ca and sand contents are the main factors that affected the transformation of soil P composition, and non-labile P (Dil.HCl-Pi) and Pyro-P had significant contribution to soil P availability by affecting P activation coefficient. Therefore, long-term paddy cultivation, influenced by these soil parameters including NeP, AcP, exchangeable Ca and sand, accelerated the transformation of soil organic P/non-labile P to inorganic P.