bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of different intensity of monsoon on typhoon precipitation: a comparative study of typhoons Soudelor and Maria
Authors: Zeng Zi , Xu Jianjun , Ye Guiling , Shen Wenqi 
Published: September 2023

In this paper, multiple sets of reanalysis datasets are used to analyze the intensity of the Asian summer monsoon from 1979 to 2021. Typhoon Soudelor (No. 1513) and Typhoon Maria (No. 1808) were selected from the weak monsoon year 2015 and the strong monsoon year 2018, both of which were generated in the Northwest Pacific in July and made landfall in South China. The Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) was used to simulate the two typhoons, starting 48 h prior to their landfall. The reasons for the differences in precipitation and how the monsoon affects typhoon precipitation in this process are analyzed from the aspects of monsoon background, ambient weather systems, typhoon thermodynamic structure, and water vapor conditions. The analysis shows that the circulation of Soudelor was stable and maintained for a long time. Despite existing in the background of a weak monsoon, the monsoon flow was able to reach the key area affecting typhoons and inject enough warm and moist flow to affect Soudelor. Combined with the analysis of typhoon structure, the strong water vapor transport of Soudelor and increased low-level convergence were conducive to the formation of typhoon-related rainstorms. The monsoon appeared to provide environmental conditions favorable for typhoon precipitation, resulting in a wide range of precipitation and heavy precipitation. Typhoon Maria developed and changed rapidly, moved rapidly, and the precipitation maintained itself for a relatively short time. The monsoon flow was not transported into Maria, resulting in insufficient water vapor inside Maria, which prevented the strengthening of typhoon precipitation. The precipitation of Maria mainly came from the dynamics of the typhoon itself and was not affected by the monsoon. In addition, this study defines an area on the southwest side of the typhoon moving with the center of the typhoon as the key area affecting typhoons. The characteristics of this area can be simply linked to typhoon precipitation, which can be considered an important research area for future analysis and prediction of typhoon precipitation.
Accelerated telomere shortening in adrenal zona reticularis in patients with prolonged critical illness
Authors: Nonaka Keisuke , Takubo Kaiyo , Aida Junko , Watai Yoriko , Komatsu Akiko , Gomi Fujiya , Shichi Yuuki , Yamazaki Yuto , Ishiwata Toshiyuki , Sasano Hironobu , Arai Tomio 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe number of patients with prolonged critical illness (PCI) has been increasing in many countries, and the adrenal gland plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis during PCI. Chronic disease burden is reportedly associated with shorter telomere lengths in human tissues. Telomere shortening in human somatic cells is largely dependent on cell divisions, and critically short telomeres lead to cellular dysfunction and aging. However, the association between PCI and telomere lengths in human adrenal cells is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated this association to assess whether the burden of PCI could accelerate the aging process in adrenal cells.MethodsAdrenocortical tissues from patients who died after PCI usually show a diffuse pattern of intracellular cholesterol ester depletion (i.e., lipid depletion). This study examined near-normal adrenal glands obtained from autopsied patients who died suddenly (control group) and lipid-depleted adrenal glands obtained from autopsied patients who died after PCI (PCI group). The control group included 7 men aged 80 to 94 years (mean age: 85.3 years) and 7 women aged 84 to 94 years (mean age: 87.7 years). The PCI group included 10 men aged 71 to 88 years (mean age: 78.8 years) and 8 women aged 77 to 95 years (mean age: 85.6 years). By using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization, relative telomere lengths (RTLs) were determined in the parenchymal cells of the three adrenocortical zones (zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, and zona reticularis [ZR]) and in the chromaffin cells of the medulla. The number of adrenal parenchymal cells was determined by immunohistochemistry and digital image analysis.ResultsRTLs in ZR cells were significantly shorter in the PCI group than in the control group for both men and women (P = 0.0001 for men and P = 0.0012 for women). However, RTLs in the remaining three types of adrenal cells did not differ between the control and PCI groups for both men and women. The number of ZR cells was higher in the PCI group than in the control group for both men and women (P &lt; 0.0001 for both men and women). The proportion of the number of ZR cells to the total number of adrenocortical parenchymal cells was also higher in the PCI group than in the control group (P &lt; 0.0001 for both men and women). The Ki-67 proliferation index in ZR cells was higher in the PCI group than in the control group (P = 0.0039 for men and P = 0.0063 for women).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated ZR cell-specific telomere shortening in patients with adrenal lipid depletion who died after PCI. Our results suggest that the reactive proliferation of ZR cells accelerates the telomere shortening and aging process in ZR cells in these patients. The results of our study may contribute to the understanding of adrenal aging during PCI.
RETRACTED: Research on smart grid management and security guarantee of sports stadiums based on GCNN-GRU and self-attention mechanism
Authors: Li Song 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Smart grid management and security in sports stadiums have gained global attention as significant topics in the field of deep learning. This paper proposes a method based on the Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCNN) with Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) and a self-attention mechanism. The objective is to predict trends and influencing factors in smart grid management and security of sports stadiums, facilitating the formulation of optimization strategies and policies.Methods: The proposed method involves several steps. Firstly, historical data of sports stadium grid management and security undergo preprocessing using the GCNN and GRU networks to extract time series information. Then, the GCNN is utilized to analyze smart grid data of sports stadiums. The model captures spatial correlations and temporal dynamics, while the self-attention mechanism enhances focus on relevant information.Results and discussion: The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method, based on GCNN-GRU and the self-attention mechanism, effectively addresses the challenges of smart grid management and security in sports stadiums. It accurately predicts trends and influencing factors in smart grid management and security, facilitating the formulation of optimization strategies and policies. These results also demonstrate that our method has achieved outstanding performance in the image generation task and exhibits strong adaptability across different datasets.
Identification and validation of novel biomarkers associated with immune infiltration for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma based on machine learning
Authors: Ji Yuqiao , Lin Zhengjun , Li Guoqing , Tian Xinyu , Wu Yanlin , Wan Jia , Liu Tang , Xu Min 
Published: September 2023

Objectives: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor in children and adolescents, and the 5-year survival of osteosarcoma patients gained no substantial improvement over the past decades. Effective biomarkers in diagnosing osteosarcoma are warranted to be developed. This study aims to explore novel biomarkers correlated with immune cell infiltration in the development and diagnosis of osteosarcoma.Methods: Three datasets (GSE19276, GSE36001, GSE126209) comprising osteosarcoma samples were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and merged to obtain the gene expression. Then, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by limma and potential biological functions and downstream pathways enrichment analysis of DEGs was performed. The machine learning algorithms LASSO regression model and SVM-RFE (support vector machine-recursive feature elimination) analysis were employed to identify candidate hub genes for diagnosing patients with osteosarcoma. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were developed to evaluate the discriminatory abilities of these candidates in both training and test sets. Furthermore, the characteristics of immune cell infiltration in osteosarcoma, and the correlations between these potential genes and immune cell abundance were illustrated using CIBERSORT. qRT-PCR and western blots were conducted to validate the expression of diagnostic candidates.Results: GEO datasets were divided into the training (merged GSE19276, GSE36001) and test (GSE126209) groups. A total of 71 DEGs were screened out in the training set, including 10 upregulated genes and 61 downregulated genes. These DEGs were primarily enriched in immune-related biological functions and signaling pathways. After machine learning by SVM-RFE and LASSO regression model, four biomarkers were chosen for the diagnostic nomogram for osteosarcoma, including ASNS, CD70, SRGN, and TRIB3. These diagnostic biomarkers all possessed high diagnostic values (AUC ranging from 0.900 to 0.955). Furthermore, these genes were significantly correlated with the infiltration of several immune cells, such as monocytes, macrophages M0, and neutrophils.Conclusion: Four immune-related candidate hub genes (ASNS, CD70, SRGN, TRIB3) with high diagnostic value were confirmed for osteosarcoma patients. These diagnostic genes were significantly connected with the immune cell abundance, suggesting their critical roles in the osteosarcoma tumor immune microenvironment. Our study provides highlights on novel diagnostic candidate genes with high accuracy for diagnosing osteosarcoma patients.
Predictive values of immune indicators on respiratory failure in the early phase of COVID-19 due to Delta and precedent variants
Authors: Nagaoka K. , Kawasuji H. , Takegoshi Y. , Murai Y. , Kaneda M. , Kimoto K. , Morimoto S. , Tani H. , Niimi H. , Morinaga Y. , Yamamoto Y. 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundImmune response indicators in the early phase of COVID-19, including interferon and neutralizing responses against SARS-CoV-2, which predict hypoxemia remains unclear.MethodsThis prospective observational study recruited patients hospitalized with COVID-19 (before emergence of omicron variant). As the immune indicators, we assessed the serum levels of IFN-I/III, IL-6, CXCL10 and VEGF, using an ELISA at within 5 days after the onset of symptoms, and serum neutralizing responses using a pseudovirus assay. We also assessed SARS-CoV-2 viral load by qPCR using nasal-swab specimens and serum, to assess the association of indicators and viral distribution.ResultsThe study enrolled 117 patients with COVID-19, of which 28 patients developed hypoxemia. None received vaccine before admission. Serum IFN-I levels (IFN-α and IFN-β), IL-6, CXCL10, LDH and CRP were significantly higher in patients who developed hypoxemia. A significant association with nasopharyngeal viral load was observed only for IFN-I. The serum levels of IFN-α, IL-6, CXCL10 were significantly associated with the presence of RNAemia. Multivariable analysis showed higher odds ratio of IFN-α, with cut-off value of 107 pg/ml, in regard to hypoxemia (Odds ratio [OR]=17.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.7-85; p&lt;0.001), compared to those of IL-6, &gt;17.9 pg/ml (OR=10.5; 95% CI, 2.9-46; p&lt;0.001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that serum IFN-α levels in the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection strongly predict hypoxemic respiratory failure in a manner different from that of the other indicators including IL-6 or humoral immune response, and instead sensitively reflect innate immune response against SARS-CoV-2 invasion.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of dostarlimab plus carboplatin-paclitaxel as first-line treatment for advanced endometrial cancer
Authors: You Maojin , Zeng Xiaoling , Zhang Jinrong , Huang Yufan , Zhang Yalan , Cai Zhongjie , Hu Yingying 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundA recent phase III clinical trial (NCT03981796) evaluated the efficacy and safety of dostarlimab combined with carboplatin-paclitaxel (DOS-CP) compared to placebo combined with carboplatin-paclitaxel (PLB-CP) as a first-line treatment for advanced endometrial cancer (EC). The NCT03981796 trial demonstrated that DOS-CP significantly improved progression-free survival and overall survival of patients with advanced EC while maintaining an acceptable safety profile. However, DOS-CP is expensive and its cost-effectiveness has not been evaluated. This study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of DOS-CP compared to PLB-CP as a first-line treatment for advanced EC from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.MethodsA Markov model with three health states was developed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of DOS-CP as a first-line treatment for advanced EC. Clinical efficacy data were derived from the NCT03981796 trial, and drug costs were determined based on national tender prices. Other costs and utility values were obtained from published literature. The outcomes assessed included total costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). The robustness of the model was assessed through one-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis.ResultsIn comparison to PLB-CP, the ICER of DOS-CP was $98,276.61/QALY for the overall population, $53,063.61/QALY for the dMMR subgroup, and $124,088.56/QALY for the pMMR subgroup. All of these ICER values were higher than the willingness-to-pay threshold of $38,201 per QALY. The most important variable that affected the results of the model was the discount rate, the cost of dostarlimab, and the utility value for progressive disease.ConclusionFrom the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system, DOS-CP is unlikely to be a cost-effective first-line treatment option for advanced EC.
In vitro, in vivo and clinical studies comparing the efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam monotherapy with ceftazidime-avibactam-containing combination regimens against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates or infections: a scoping review
Authors: Aslan Abdullah Tarık , Ezure Yukiko , Horcajada Juan Pablo , Harris Patrick N. A. , Paterson David L. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionCarbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PA) infections are associated with a high risk of morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs. We aimed to evaluate in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies comparing the efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) combination regimens with CZA alone against CRE and/or MDR-PA isolates or infections.MethodsWe systematically reviewed the relevant literature in CINAHL/MEDLINE, Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus until December 1, 2022. Review articles, grey literature, abstracts, comments, editorials, non-peer reviewed articles, non-English articles, and in vitro synergy studies conducted on single isolates were excluded.Results22 in vitro, 7 in vivo and 20 clinical studies were evaluated. In vitro studies showed reliable synergy between CZA and aztreonam against metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing isolates. Some studies indicated good in vitro synergy between CZA and amikacin, meropenem, fosfomycin and polymyxins against CRE isolates. For MDR-PA isolates, there are comparatively fewer in vitro or in vivo studies. In observational clinical studies, mortality, clinical cure, adverse events, and development of CZA resistance after exposure were generally similar in monotherapy and combination therapy groups. However, antibiotic-related nephrotoxicity and infection relapses were higher in patients receiving CZA combination therapies.DiscussionThe benefit, if any, of CZA combination regimens in MDR-PA infections is elusive, as very few clinical studies have included these infections. There is no currently documented clinical benefit for the use of CZA combination regimens rather than CZA monotherapy. CZA combined with aztreonam for serious infections due to MBL producers should be evaluated by randomized controlled trials.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=278552, CRD42021278552.
Integration of natural and deep artificial cognitive models in medical images: BERT-based NER and relation extraction for electronic medical records
Authors: Guo Bo , Liu Huaming , Niu Lei 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionMedical images and signals are important data sources in the medical field, and they contain key information such as patients' physiology, pathology, and genetics. However, due to the complexity and diversity of medical images and signals, resulting in difficulties in medical knowledge acquisition and decision support.MethodsIn order to solve this problem, this paper proposes an end-to-end framework based on BERT for NER and RE tasks in electronic medical records. Our framework first integrates NER and RE tasks into a unified model, adopting an end-to-end processing manner, which removes the limitation and error propagation of multiple independent steps in traditional methods. Second, by pre-training and fine-tuning the BERT model on large-scale electronic medical record data, we enable the model to obtain rich semantic representation capabilities that adapt to the needs of medical fields and tasks. Finally, through multi-task learning, we enable the model to make full use of the correlation and complementarity between NER and RE tasks, and improve the generalization ability and effect of the model on different data sets.Results and discussionWe conduct experimental evaluation on four electronic medical record datasets, and the model significantly out performs other methods on different datasets in the NER task. In the RE task, the EMLB model also achieved advantages on different data sets, especially in the multi-task learning mode, its performance has been significantly improved, and the ETE and MTL modules performed well in terms of comprehensive precision and recall. Our research provides an innovative solution for medical image and signal data.
Disentangling racing thoughts from mind wandering in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Martz Emilie , Weiner Luisa , Bonnefond Anne , Weibel Sébastien 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionMental restlessness reported by adult with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been mainly explained by excessive mind wandering. However, the description of a mind constantly on the go is also akin to racing thoughts, predominantly described in bipolar disorder. This paper aimed at disentangling mind wandering from racing thoughts in adult with ADHD. Associations between those mental phenomena and the ADHD symptomatology were also investigated.MethodsTo this aim, 84 adults with ADHD completed self-reported questionnaires, including the Mind Wandering-Deliberate and Mind Wandering-Spontaneous questionnaires, the Racing and Crowded Thoughts Questionnaire and the Daydreaming Frequency Scale. Factorial analysis and multiple linear regressions were performed.ResultsThe factor analysis yielded a two-factor solution. The first factor encompassed the three facets of racing thoughts and was predicted by emotional lability. The second comprised deliberated-MW, spontaneous-MW and daydreaming, but was neither related to the ADHD symptoms, nor functional impairment.DiscussionThese findings suggest that MW and racing thoughts are two distinguishable mental phenomena. Racing thoughts appear to be a relevant hypothesis to explain the mental restlessness in adult ADHD.
Modeling unit non-response and validity of online teaching evaluation in higher education using generalizability theory approach
Authors: Dzakadzie Yayra , Quansah Frank 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionUnit non-response is a common phenomenon in online teaching evaluation in higher education institutions. However, little is known about the relationship between the rates of unit non-response and the quality of online teaching evaluation exercise. This study explored the incidence of unit non-response and how this phenomenon relates to the reliability of students’ responses to online teaching evaluation.MethodsAdopting the generalizability theory approach, students’ evaluation of teaching data from a university in Ghana was analyzed by conducting both generalizability study (G-study)- and decision study (D-study) analyses.ResultsThe results revealed that unit non-response among students was predominant in online teaching evaluation exercise. The study demonstrated that higher rates of non-response among students were associated with high levels of measurement errors and low reliability of responses.DiscussionThe findings of this study have implications for the accuracy of online evaluation data obtained for decision-making in higher education contexts. The study calls on higher education administrators to embark on sensitization and awareness campaigns that target students on the need to actively participate in the appraisal of teaching at the university to address the issue of unit non-response.
Cross-cultural metathemes of Chinese and Japanese university students' perspective on parental care
Authors: Peng Xuxin , Nakatani Hisae , Chen Huifang , Inoue Yuriko , Song Fang , Yoshihara Mikako , Lei Ruxin 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionDue to declining birthrates and aging populations, parental care is going to place a greater burden on younger generations in the future, especially in East Asia where it is more common for children to provide care regardless of whether there is a national long-term care insurance program. Therefore, it has become important to understand the younger generation's views on parental care.MethodsAn explorative, metathematic qualitative study design was used. Data collection relied on semi-structured interviews, of which 19 Chinese and 19 Japanese university students were conducted from December 2021 to July 2022 using a snowball sampling method. Metatheme analysis was then used to identify broad cross-cultural metathemes and inter-relationships on parental care.ResultsThree parental care metathemes were identified for the perspectives of parental care: distrust of leaving parental care to others, responsibility to care for their parents, and importance of parent-child interactions about parental care.ConclusionTo improve social support for care, both countries must improve long-term care service delivery and healthcare systems and ensure that there is a trusting relationship between healthcare professionals and the public. Governments should also ensure that adult children receive assistance to balance their work, life, and parental care responsibilities. The findings provide several practical suggestions for improving healthcare systems in China and Japan through the younger generations' views.