bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promotion of Healthy Lifestyles Alone Might Not Substantially Reduce Socioeconomic Inequity-Related Mortality Risk in Older People in China: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Ziqiong , Zheng Yi , Ruan Haiyan , Li Liying , He Sen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Whether healthy lifestyles mediate the association of socioeconomic status (SES) with mortality in older people is largely unknown.

Methods
A total of 22,093 older participants (age ≥ 65 years) from 5 waves (2002–2014) of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey cohort were included for analysis. Mediation analysis of lifestyles on the association of SES with all-cause mortality was conducted.

Results
During a mean follow-up period of 4.92 ± 4.03 years, 15,721 (71.76%) deaths occurred. Compared with high SES, medium SES increased the risk of mortality by 13.5% (HR [total effect]: 1.135, 95% CI 1.067–1.205, p < 0.001), and the total effect was not mediated by healthy lifestyles (mediation proportion: − 0.1%, 95% CI − 3.8 to 3.3%, p = 0.936). The total effect when participants of low SES were compared with participants of high SES was HR = 1.161 (95% CI 1.088–1.229, p < 0.001) for mortality, and the total effect was modestly mediated through healthy lifestyles (mediation proportion: − 8.9%, 95% CI − 16.6 to − 5.1%, p < 0.001). Stratification analyses by sex, age and comorbidities, as well as a series of sensitivity analyses indicated similar results. In addition, mortality risk showed a downward trend with increased number of healthy lifestyles within each SES level (all p for trend < 0.050).

Conclusion
Promotion of healthy lifestyles alone can only reduce a small proportion of socioeconomic inequity-related mortality risk in older Chinese people. Even so, healthy lifestyles are important in reducing the overall mortality risk within each SES level.
On $$[p,q]_{,\varphi }$$-Order and Complex Differential Equations
Authors: Long Jianren , Qin Hongyan , Tao Lei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe fast growing solutions of the following linear differential equation $$(*)$$

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is investigated by using a more general scale $${[p,q]_{,\varphi }}$$

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-order, $$\begin{aligned} f^{(k)}+A_{k-1}(z)f^{(k-1)}+\cdot \cdot \cdot +A_0(z)f=0,\qquad (*) \end{aligned}$$

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where $$A_i(z)$$

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are entire functions in the complex plane, $$i=0,1,\ldots ,k-1$$

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. The growth relationships between entire coefficients and solutions of the equation $$(*)$$

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is found by using the concepts of $${[p,q]_{,\varphi }}$$

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-order and $${[p,q]_{,\varphi }}$$

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-type, which extend and improve some previous results.
MoSe2/WS2 heterojunction photodiode integrated with a silicon nitride waveguide for near infrared light detection with high responsivity
Authors: Gherabli Rivka , Indukuri S. R. K. C. , Zektzer Roy , Frydendahl Christian , Levy Uriel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe demonstrate experimentally the realization and the characterization of a chip-scale integrated photodetector for the near-infrared spectral regime based on the integration of a MoSe2/WS2 heterojunction on top of a silicon nitride waveguide. This configuration achieves high responsivity of ~1 A W−1 at the wavelength of 780 nm (indicating an internal gain mechanism) while suppressing the dark current to the level of ~50 pA, much lower as compared to a reference sample of just MoSe2 without WS2. We have measured the power spectral density of the dark current to be as low as ~1 × 10−12 A Hz−0.5, from which we extract the noise equivalent power (NEP) to be ~1 × 10−12 W Hz−0.5. To demonstrate the usefulness of the device, we use it for the characterization of the transfer function of a microring resonator that is integrated on the same chip as the photodetector. The ability to integrate local photodetectors on a chip and to operate such devices with high performance at the near-infrared regime is expected to play a critical role in future integrated devices in the field of optical communications, quantum photonics, biochemical sensing, and more.
NUDT22 promotes cancer growth through pyrimidine salvage
Authors: Walter Melanie , Mayr Florian , Hanna Bishoy M. F. , Cookson Victoria , Mortusewicz Oliver , Helleday Thomas , Herr Patrick 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe NUDIX hydrolase NUDT22 converts UDP-glucose into glucose-1-phosphate and the pyrimidine nucleotide uridine monophosphate but a biological significance for this biochemical reaction has not yet been established. Glucose-1-phosphate is an important metabolite for energy and biomass production through glycolysis and nucleotides required for DNA replication are produced through energetically expensive de novo or energy-efficient salvage pathways. Here, we describe p53-regulated pyrimidine salvage through NUDT22-dependent hydrolysis of UDP-glucose to maintain cancer cell growth and to prevent replication stress. NUDT22 expression is consistently elevated in cancer tissues and high NUDT22 expression correlates with worse survival outcomes in patients indicating an increased dependency of cancer cells to NUDT22. Furthermore, we show that NUDT22 transcription is induced after inhibition of glycolysis, MYC-mediated oncogenic stress, and DNA damage directly through p53. NUDT22-deficient cancer cells suffer from growth retardation, S-phase delay, and slower DNA replication fork speed. Uridine supplementation rescues replication fork progression and alleviates replication stress and DNA damage. Conversely, NUDT22 deficiency sensitizes cells to de novo pyrimidine synthesis inhibition in vitro and reduces cancer growth in vivo. In conclusion, NUDT22 maintains pyrimidine supply in cancer cells and depletion of NUDT22 leads to genome instability. Targeting NUDT22 therefore has high potential for therapeutic applications in cancer therapy.
Single molecule analyses reveal dynamics of Salmonella translocated effector proteins in host cell endomembranes
Authors: Göser Vera , Sander Nathalie , Schulte Marc , Scharte Felix , Franzkoch Rico , Liss Viktoria , Psathaki Olympia E. , Hensel Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe facultative intracellular pathogen Salmonella enterica remodels the host endosomal system for survival and proliferation inside host cells. Salmonella resides within the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) and by Salmonella-induced fusions of host endomembranes, the SCV is connected with extensive tubular structures termed Salmonella-induced filaments (SIF). The intracellular lifestyle of Salmonella critically depends on effector proteins translocated into host cells. A subset of effectors is associated with, or integral in SCV and SIF membranes. How effectors reach their subcellular destination, and how they interact with endomembranes remodeled by Salmonella remains to be determined. We deployed self-labeling enzyme tags to label translocated effectors in living host cells, and analyzed their single molecule dynamics. Translocated effectors diffuse in membranes of SIF with mobility comparable to membrane-integral host proteins in endomembranes. Dynamics differ between various effectors investigated and is dependent on membrane architecture of SIF. In the early infection, host endosomal vesicles are associated with Salmonella effectors. Effector-positive vesicles continuously fuse with SCV and SIF membranes, providing a route of effector delivery by translocation, interaction with endosomal vesicles, and ultimately fusion with the continuum of SCV/SIF membranes. This mechanism controls membrane deformation and vesicular fusion to generate the specific intracellular niche for bacterial survival and proliferation.
Multiplexed analysis of EV reveals specific biomarker composition with diagnostic impact
Authors: Spitzberg Joshua D. , Ferguson Scott , Yang Katherine S. , Peterson Hannah M. , Carlson Jonathan C. T. , Weissleder Ralph 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExosomes and extracellular vesicles (EV) are increasingly being explored as circulating biomarkers, but their heterogenous composition will likely mandate the development of multiplexed EV technologies. Iteratively multiplexed analyses of near single EVs have been challenging to implement beyond a few colors during spectral sensing. Here we developed a multiplexed analysis of EV technique (MASEV) to interrogate thousands of individual EVs during 5 cycles of multi-channel fluorescence staining for 15 EV biomarkers. Contrary to the common belief, we show that: several markers proposed to be ubiquitous are less prevalent than believed; multiple biomarkers concur in single vesicles but only in small fractions; affinity purification can lead to loss of rare EV subtypes; and deep profiling allows detailed analysis of EV, potentially improving the diagnostic content. These findings establish the potential of MASEV for uncovering fundamental EV biology and heterogeneity and increasing diagnostic specificity.
Mechanical metamaterials made of freestanding quasi-BCC nanolattices of gold and copper with ultra-high energy absorption capacity
Authors: Cheng Hongwei , Zhu Xiaoxia , Cheng Xiaowei , Cai Pengzhan , Liu Jie , Yao Huijun , Zhang Ling , Duan Jinglai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNanolattices exhibit attractive mechanical properties such as high strength, high specific strength, and high energy absorption. However, at present, such materials cannot achieve effective fusion of the above properties and scalable production, which hinders their applications in energy conversion and other fields. Herein, we report gold and copper quasi-body centered cubic (quasi-BCC) nanolattices with the diameter of the nanobeams as small as 34 nm. We show that the compressive yield strengths of quasi-BCC nanolattices even exceed those of their bulk counterparts, despite their relative densities below 0.5. Simultaneously, these quasi-BCC nanolattices exhibit ultrahigh energy absorption capacities, i.e., 100 ± 6 MJ m−3 for gold quasi-BCC nanolattice and 110 ± 10 MJ m−3 for copper quasi-BCC nanolattice. Finite element simulations and theoretical calculations reveal that the deformation of quasi-BCC nanolattice is dominated by nanobeam bending. And the anomalous energy absorption capacities substantially stem from the synergy of the naturally high mechanical strength and plasticity of metals, the size reduction-induced mechanical enhancement, and the quasi-BCC nanolattice architecture. Since the sample size can be scaled up to macroscale at high efficiency and affordable cost, the quasi-BCC nanolattices with ultrahigh energy absorption capacity reported in this work may find great potentials in heat transfer, electric conduction, catalysis applications.
Open-label placebos—a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies with non-clinical samples
Authors: Spille Lukas , Fendel Johannes C. , Seuling Patrik D. , Göritz Anja S. , Schmidt Stefan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe use of open-label placebos (OLPs) has shown to be effective in clinical trials. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine whether OLPs are effective in experimental studies with non-clinical populations. We searched five databases on April 15, 2021. We conducted separate analyses for self-reported and objective outcomes and examined whether the level of suggestiveness of the instructions influenced the efficacy of OLPs. Of the 3573 identified records, 20 studies comprising 1201 participants were included, of which 17 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. The studies investigated the effect of OLPs on well-being, pain, stress, arousal, wound healing, sadness, itchiness, test anxiety, and physiological recovery. We found a significant effect of OLPs for self-reported outcomes (k = 13; standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.28, 0.58; I2 = 7.2%), but not for objective outcomes (k = 8; SMD =  − 0.02; 95% CI =  − 0.25, 0.21; I2 = 43.6%). The level of suggestiveness of the instructions influenced the efficacy of OLPs for objective outcomes (p = 0.02), but not for self-reported outcomes. The risk of bias was moderate for most studies, and the overall quality of the evidence was rated low to very low. In conclusion, OLPs appear to be effective when examined in experimental studies. However, further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying OLPs.
Allergic rhinitis children with obesity are more vulnerable to air pollution: a cross sectional study
Authors: Li Ruo-Ling , Wu Chia-Ta , Chen Shan-Ming , Lue Ko-Huang , Lee Shiuan-Shinn , Tsao Chang-Yao , Ku Min-Sho 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe association between air pollution, allergic rhinitis (AR), and obesity has not been studied. From 2007 to 2011, 52 obese and 152 non-obese children (7–17 years old) with AR were recruited. Pediatric-Rhinoconjunctivitis-Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (PRQLQ) and nasal peak expiratory flow (NPEF) were tested. Association between the scores and rates of the two tests and mean air pollutant concentrations within 7 days before the tests were compared. When exposed to higher concentrations of CO, PM10, and PM2.5, the rates of worse nasal discomfort were 39.4%, 44.4% and 39.3% in obese children; and 18.0%, 21.9% and 19.7% in non-obese children, respectively. Compare to non-obese children, the rates in obese children were higher for CO (odds ratio (OR) 3.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15 ~ 10.92); PM10 (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.01 ~ 10.57) and PM2.5 (OR 3.30; 95% CI 1.03 ~ 10.54). In obese children, correlations between higher concentrations of CO, PM10, PM2.5 and higher nasal discomfort (higher PRQLQ); and correlations between higher concentrations of CO, PM10, PM2.5, NMHC (non-methane hydrocarbon) and higher nasal mucosa inflammation (lower NPEF) were noted. Obesity negatively affected AR severity when AR children experienced higher concentrations of CO, PM10, and PM2.5. Increased nasal inflammation induced by air pollutants might be the underlying mechanism.
Fate of arsenicals in mice carrying the human AS3MT gene exposed to environmentally relevant levels of arsenite in drinking water
Authors: Douillet Christelle , Miller Madison , Cable Peter H. , Shi Qing , El-Masri Hisham , Matoušek Tomáš , Koller Beverly H. , Thomas David J. , Stýblo Miroslav 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough mice are widely used to study adverse effects of inorganic arsenic (iAs), higher rates of iAs methylation in mice than in humans may limit their utility as a model organism. A recently created 129S6 mouse strain in which the Borcs7/As3mt locus replaces the human BORCS7/AS3MT locus exhibits a human-like pattern of iAs metabolism. Here, we evaluate dosage dependency of iAs metabolism in humanized (Hs) mice. We determined tissue and urinary concentrations and proportions of iAs, methylarsenic (MAs), and dimethylarsenic (DMAs) in male and female Hs and wild-type (WT) mice that received 25- or 400-ppb iAs in drinking water. At both exposure levels, Hs mice excrete less total arsenic (tAs) in urine and retain more tAs in tissues than WT mice. Tissue tAs levels are higher in Hs females than in Hs males, particularly after exposure to 400-ppb iAs. Tissue and urinary fractions of tAs present as iAs and MAs are significantly greater in Hs mice than in WT mice. Notably, tissue tAs dosimetry in Hs mice resembles human tissue dosimetry predicted by a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model. These data provide additional support for use of Hs mice in laboratory studies examining effects of iAs exposure in target tissues or cells.
Expression of SPAG7 and its regulatory microRNAs in seminal plasma and seminal plasma-derived extracellular vesicles of patients with subfertility
Authors: Abu-Halima Masood , Becker Lea Simone , Al Smadi Mohammad A. , Kunz Lea Sophie , Gröger Laura , Meese Eckart 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeminal plasma contains a variety of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that deliver RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) molecules. However, the roles of these EVs along with their delivered RNAs and their interactions with male infertility are not clear. Sperm-associated antigen 7 (SPAG 7) is expressed in male germ cells and plays a crucial role in several biological functions associated with sperm production and maturation. In this study, we aimed to identify the post-transcriptional regulation of SPAG7 in seminal plasma (SF-Native) and seminal plasma-derived extracellular vesicles (SF-EVs) collected from 87 men undergoing infertility treatment. Among the multiple binding sites for miRNAs within its 3’UTR of SPAG7, we identified the binding of four miRNAs (miR-15b-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-424-5p, and miR-497-5p) to the 3’UTR of SPAG7 by the dual luciferase assays. Analyzing sperm, we found reduced mRNA expression levels of SPAG7 in SF-EVs and SF-Native samples from oligoasthenozoospermic men. By contrast, two miRNAs (miR-424-5p and miR-497-5p) form the SF-Native samples, and four miRNAs (miR-195-5p, miR-424-5p, miR-497-5p, and miR-6838-5p) from the SF-EVs samples showed significantly higher expression levels in oligoasthenozoospermic men. The expression levels of miRNAs and SPAG7 were significantly correlated with basic semen parameters. These findings contribute significantly to our understanding of regulatory pathways in male fertility by showing a direct link between upregulated miRNA, notably miR-424, and downregulated SPAG7 both in seminal plasma and in plasma-derived EVs likely contributing to oligoasthenozoospermia.
Pulmonary function in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia and its associations with iron overload
Authors: Chan Kate C. , Au Chun T. , Leung Alex W. K. , Li Albert M. , Li Chi-kong , Wong Matthew M. T. , Li Carol S. T. , Cheung Hang L. , Fan Philip , Ling Siu C. , Li Rever C. H. , Ha S. Y. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT), pulmonary function impairment has been reported but data are conflicting. Moreover, it remains unclear whether pulmonary dysfunction is associated with iron overload. This study aimed to evaluate the pulmonary function in patients with TDT and to investigate the associations between pulmonary dysfunction and iron overload. It was a retrospective observational study. 101 patients with TDT were recruited for lung function tests. The most recent ferritin levels (pmol/L) and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of the myocardial and liver iron status, as measured by heart and liver T2* relaxation time (millisecond, ms) respectively, were retrieved from the computerized medical records. Only data within 12 months from the lung function measurement were included in the analysis. The serum ferritin, and the cardiac and liver T2* relaxation time were the surrogate indexes of body iron content. The threshold of abnormality in lung function was defined as under 80% of the predicted value. 101 subjects were recruited with a mean age of 25.1 years (standard deviation (SD) 7.9 years). Thirty-eight (38%) and five (5%) demonstrated restrictive and obstructive lung function deficits, respectively. A weak correlation of FVC %Predicted and TLC %Predicted with MRI myocardial T2* relaxation time (rho = 0.32, p = 0.03 and rho = 0.33, p = 0.03 respectively) was observed. By logistic regression, MRI cardiac T2* relaxation time was negatively associated with restrictive lung function deficit (B − 0.06; SE 0.03; Odds ratio 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89–0.99; p = 0.023) after adjusting for age, sex and body mass index. Restrictive pulmonary function deficit was commonly observed in patients with TDT, and the severity potentially correlates with myocardial iron content. Monitoring of lung function in this group of patients, particularly for those with iron overload, is important.
Standard of care drugs do not modulate activity of senescent primary human lung fibroblasts
Authors: Badaro-Garcia Stephanie , Hohmann Miriam S. , Coelho Ana Lucia , Verri Waldiceu A. , Hogaboam Cory M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCellular senescence is crucial in the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but it is not evident whether the standard-of-care (SOC) drugs, nintedanib and pirfenidone, have senolytic properties. To address this question, we performed colorimetric and fluorimetric assays, qRT-PCR, and western blotting to evaluate the effect of SOC drugs and D + Q on senescent normal and IPF lung fibroblasts. In this study, we found that SOC drugs did not provoke apoptosis in the absence of death ligand in normal or IPF senescent lung fibroblasts. Nintedanib increased caspase-3 activity in the presence of Fas Ligand in normal but not in IPF senescent fibroblasts. Conversely, nintedanib enhanced B cell lymphoma 2 expression in senescent IPF lung fibroblasts. Moreover, in senescent IPF cells, pirfenidone induced mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase phosphorylation, provoking necroptosis. Furthermore, pirfenidone increased transcript levels of FN1 and COL1A1 in senescent IPF fibroblasts. Lastly, D + Q augmented growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) transcript and protein levels in both normal and IPF senescent fibroblasts. Taken together, these results establish that SOC drugs failed to trigger apoptosis in senescent primary human lung fibroblasts, possibly due to enhanced Bcl-2 levels by nintedanib and the activation of the necroptosis pathway by pirfenidone. Together, these data revealed the inefficacy of SOC drugs to target senescent cells in IPF.
Identification of m6A/m5C/m1A-associated LncRNAs for prognostic assessment and immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Huang Yuquan , Zhang Wu , Li Qingxia , Wang Zhe , Yang Xianghong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMethylation of RNA plays an important role in cancer. Classical forms of such modifications include N6-methyladenine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), and N1-methyladenine (m1A). Methylation-regulated long non-coding (lnc) RNAs are involved in various biological processes, such as tumor proliferation, apoptosis, immune escape, invasion, and metastasis. Therefore, we performed an analysis of transcriptomic and clinical data of pancreatic cancer samples in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using the co-expression method, we summarized 44 m6A/m5C/m1A-related genes and obtained 218 methylation-associated lncRNAs. Next, with COX regression, we screened 39 lncRNAs that are strongly associated with prognosis and found that their expression differed significantly between normal tissues and pancreatic cancer samples (P < 0.001). We then used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to construct a risk model comprising seven lncRNAs. In validation set, the nomogram generated by combining clinical characteristics accurately predicted the survival probability of pancreatic cancer patients at 1, 2, and 3 years after diagnosis (AUC = 0.652, 0.686, and 0.740, respectively). Tumor microenvironment analysis showed that the high-risk group had significantly more resting memory CD4 T cells, M0 macrophages, and activated dendritic cells and fewer naïve B cells, plasma cells, and CD8 T cells than the low-risk group (both P < 0.05). Most immune-checkpoint genes were significantly different between the high- and low-risk groups (P < 0.05). The Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion score showed that high-risk patients benefited more from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (P < 0.001). Overall survival was also lower in high-risk patients with more tumor mutations than in low-risk patients with fewer mutations (P < 0.001). Finally, we explored the sensitivity of the high- and low-risk groups to seven candidate drugs. Our findings indicated that m6A/m5C/m1A-associated lncRNAs are potentially useful biomarkers for the early diagnosis and estimating the prognosis of, and ascertaining the responses to immunotherapy in, patients with pancreatic cancer.