bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct generation of 3.17  mJ green pulses in a cavity-dumped Ho3+-doped fiber laser at 543  nm
Authors: Li Tianran , Wang Ziyu , Zou Jinhai , Hong Jinfen , Ruan Qiujun , Wang Hang , Dong Zhipeng , Luo Zhengqian 
Published: January 2023

High-energy pulsed lasers in the green spectral region are of tremendous interest for applications in space laser ranging, underwater detection, precise processing, and scientific research. Semiconductor pulsed lasers currently are difficult to access to the so-called “green gap,” and high-energy green pulsed lasers still heavily rely on the nonlinear frequency conversion of near-IR lasers, precluding compact and low-cost green laser systems. Here, we address this challenge by demonstrating, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, millijoule-level green pulses generated directly from a fiber laser. The green pulsed fiber laser consists of a 450 nm pump laser diode, a Ho3+-doped ZBLAN fiber, and a cavity-dumping module based on a visible wavelength acousto-optic modulator. Stable pulse operation in the cavity-dumping regime at 543 nm is observed with a tunable repetition rate in a large range of 100 Hz–3 MHz and a pulse duration of 72–116 ns. The maximum pulse energy of 3.17 mJ at 100 Hz is successfully achieved, which is three orders of magnitude higher than those of the rare-earth-doped fiber green lasers previously reported. This work provides a model for compact, high-efficiency, and high-energy visible fiber pulsed lasers.
Tunable terahertz slow light with hybrid coupling of a magnetic toroidal and electric dipole metasurface
Authors: Wang Guanchao , Li Li , Liu Chenxiang , Li Shuai , Guo Wenpeng , Jia Yueying , Li Zhenghao , Tian Hao 
Published: January 2023

We present a hybrid coupling scheme of a magnetic toroidal and electric dipole metasurface with suppressed radiation loss, which can produce the tunable plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) with an enhanced slow-light effect in the terahertz regime. The terahertz metasurface is constructed by nesting a dual-split ring resonator (DSRR) inside a ring resonator (RR) to exploit the destructive coherence of hybrid electromagnetic mode coupling at the PIT resonance. The polarization-dependence excitation performs the active tunability of a PIT-induced group slowing down by rotating the polarization angle, experimentally achieving a maximum group delay of 3.5 ps. Furthermore, the modified terahertz metasurface with a four-split ring resonator (FSRR) nested in an RR is prepared on photoconductive silicon, demonstrating the pump-controllable group delay effect at the PIT resonance. The large group delay from 2.2 to 0.9 ps is dynamically tunable by adjusting the pump power. The experimental results are in good accord with the theoretical simulations.
Cytokine and phenotypic cell profiles in human cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani
Authors: Wijesooriya Hiruni , Samaranayake Nilakshi , Karunaweera Nadira D. 
Published: January 2023

Background
The innate immune mediators are likely to influence the clinical phenotype of leishmaniasis by primary responses which limit or facilitate the spread of the parasite, as well as by modulating adaptive immunity. This study investigated the response of key innate immune cells in a focus which regularly reports localised cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) caused by Leishmania donovani, a species which typically causes visceral disease.

Methods
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) derived macrophages and dendritic cells from patients with LCL and healthy controls from endemic and non-endemic areas, were stimulated with soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA). Inflammatory mediators produced by macrophages (TNF-α/TGF-β/IL-10, ELISA; NO, Griess method) and dendritic cells (IL-12p70, IL-10, flowcytometry) and macrophage expression of surface markers of polarization, activation and maturation (flowcytometry) were determined at 24h, 48h and 72h and compared. Study was conducted prospectively from 2015–2019.

Results
Patient derived macrophages and dendritic cells produced higher levels of both pro and anti-inflammatory mediators compared to controls (p<0.05) with the best discrimination for active disease observed at 72h. Data demonstrated an early activation of macrophages and a subsequent pro-inflammatory bias, as indicated by temporal profiles of TNF-α/TGF-β and TNF-α/IL-10 ratios and higher proportions of classical (M1) macrophages. Higher TGF-β levels were observed in cells from patients with ulcerated or persistent lesions. Immune responses by cells derived from controls in endemic and non-endemic regions did not differ significantly from each other.

Conclusions
The overall immunophenotypic profile suggests that LCL observed in the country is the result of a balancing immune response between pro-inflammatory and regulatory mediators. The mediators which showed distinct profiles in patients warrant further investigation as potential candidates for immunotherapeutic approaches. A comparison with visceral leishmaniasis caused by the same species, would provide further evidence on the differential role of these mediators in the resulting clinical phenotype.
GCL loss in BRAO
Authors: Shearer Thomas R. , Steinkamp Peter N. , Parker Maria , Azuma Mitsuyoshi 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Our recent publication used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to follow thinning of the retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) in central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). Thinning of the inner layers also occurs in patients with branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO). The mechanism for such thinning may be partially due to proteolysis by a calcium-activated protease called calpain. Calpain inhibitor SNJ-1945 ameliorated the proteolysis in a past series of model experiments. The purposes of the present retrospective study were to: 1) use segmentation analysis of OCT images to follow the loss of retinal layers in BRAO compared to CRAO patients, and 2) predict the number of patients and days of observation needed for a clinical trial of a calpain inhibitor against BRAO.

Methods
A retrospective, case control study was conducted by computer-aided search in a medical records database for BRAO (ICD10 Code H34.239) with at least one OCT procedure (CPT: 92134). Non-proliferative, co-morbid eye diseases were allowed in the patient data base, and manual correction of auto-segmentation errors was performed. GCL thickness changes were followed over time and Cohen-d/sample size statistics were used to predict minimal patients needed for drug trials.

Results
The thickness of the GCL layer in BRAO decreased rapidly with time as in CRAO, but in more limited quadrants. The data, as fit to a single-phase decay curve, showed that GCL thickness could be used to provide sample size statistics in a clinical trial to test a calpain inhibitor. For example, a 60-day trial with a 60% effective inhibitor would need a minimum of 29 patients.

Conclusions
Using thickness changes in the GCL layer to monitor the efficacy of potential inhibitors against BRAO and CRAO is practical in human trials requiring a reasonable number of patients and relatively short trial period.

Translational relevance
Measurement of GCL thickness would be a useful indicator of amelioration of BRAO and CRAO progression in a clinical trial of a putative inhibitor.
Publication bias in trials registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: Is it a problem? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Showell Marian , Buckman Sam , Berber Slavica , Ata Allah Nada , Patterson Ben , Cole Samantha , Farquhar Cynthia , Jordan Vanessa 
Published: January 2023

Background
Timely publication of clinical trials is critical to ensure the dissemination and implementation of high-quality healthcare evidence. This study investigates the publication rate and time to publication of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR).

Materials and methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of RCTs registered with the ANZCTR in 2007, 2009, and 2011. Multiple bibliographic databases were searched until October 2021 to identify trial publications. We then calculated publication rates, proportions, and the time to publish calculated from the date of first participation enrolment to publication date.

Results
Of 1,970 trial registrations, 541 (27%) remained unpublished 10 to 14 years later, and the proportion of trials published decreased by 7% from 2007 to 2011. The average time to publish was 4.63 years. The prospective trial registration rate for 2007, 2009 and 2011 was 48% (952 trials) and over this time there was an increase of 19% (280 prospective trials). Trials funded by non-Industry organizations were more likely to be published (74%, 1204/1625 trials) than the industry-funded trials (61%, 224/345 trials). Larger trials with at least 1000 participants were published at a rate of 88% (85/97 trials) and on average took 5.4 years to be published. Smaller trials with less than 100 participants were published at a lower rate with 67% (687/1024 trials) published and these trials took 4.31 years on average to publish.

Conclusions
Just over a quarter of all trials on the ANZCTR for 2007, 2009, and 2011 remain unpublished over a decade later. The average time to publication of nearly five years may reflect the larger trials which will have taken longer to recruit participants. Over half of study sample trials were retrospectively registered, but prospective registration improved over time, highlighting the role of mandating trial registration.
Quality of life of patients with solid malignancies at 3 months after unplanned admission in the intensive care unit: A prospective case-control study
Authors: Toffart Anne-Claire , M’Sallaoui Wassila , Jerusalem Sophie , Godon Alexandre , Bettega Francois , Roth Gael , Pavillet Julien , Girard Edouard , Galerneau Louis Marie , Piot Juliette , Schwebel Carole , Payen Jean Francois 
Published: January 2023

Background
Although short- and long-term survival in critically ill patients with cancer has been described, data on their quality of life (QoL) after an intensive care unit (ICU) stay are scarce. This study aimed to determine the impact of an ICU stay on QoL assessed at 3 months in patients with solid malignancies.

Methods
A prospective case-control study was conducted in three French ICUs between February 2020 and February 2021. Adult patients with lung, colorectal, or head and neck cancer who were admitted in the ICU were matched in a 1:2 ratio with patients who were not admitted in the ICU regarding their type of cancer, curative or palliative anticancer treatment, and treatment line. The primary endpoint was the QoL assessed at 3 months from inclusion using the mental and physical components of the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey. The use of anticancer therapies at 3 months was also evaluated.

Results
In total, 23 surviving ICU cancer patients were matched with 46 non-ICU cancer patients. Four patients in the ICU group did not respond to the questionnaire. The mental component score of the SF-36 was higher in ICU patients than in non-ICU patients: median of 54 (interquartile range: 42–57) vs. 47 (37–52), respectively (p = 0.01). The physical component score of the SF-36 did not differ between groups: 35 (31–47) vs. 42 (34–47) (p = 0.24). In multivariate analysis, no association was found between patient QoL and an ICU stay. A good performance status and a non-metastatic cancer at baseline were independently associated with a higher physical component score. The use of anticancer therapies at 3 months was comparable between the two groups.

Conclusion
In patients with solid malignancies, an ICU stay had no negative impact on QoL at 3 months after discharge when compared with matched non-ICU patients.
Imaging Negative Hepatic Lesions: A Rare Case of Infiltrative Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosed With Endoscopic Ultrasound
Authors: Ugonabo Onyinye , Mohamed Mujtaba , Frandah Wesam , Jones Philip , Joshi Tejas 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common malignancy with male predominance. It is further classified into different subtypes, among which the infiltrative subtype is the most difficult to diagnose with imaging because of its inherently ill-defined micro nodules involving a segment or entire hepatic parenchyma without a distinguishable mass. Owing to the aggressive nature and decreased survival expectations in most patients with infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma, liver transplants and surgical resections are not recommended. Our case describes a middle-aged woman presenting with alpha-fetoprotein >20,000 and imagings negative for hepatic mass, thereby necessitating the use of endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration.
Evaluating the Ethanol Levels and Storage Containers for Efficient Preservation of Historical Collections at the Museo De La Salle, Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Cruz-Rodríguez Cristian , Cárdenas Julieth Stella , Ramírez-Chaves Héctor E. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Museo de La Salle–Bogotá (MLS) houses biological specimens of which 30% (17,001 specimens) are stored in fluid (ethanol 70%). The collections have historical significance for documenting Colombian biodiversity and contain the oldest zoological specimens in the country. For these reasons, the curation and management of the specimens require special attention and endless vigilance. In this study we assessed the decrease in ethanol level in jars of the MLS fluid collections over a 3-year period from 2013 to 2016 and evaluated the relation between container and lid type and ethanol loss. We did not observe a relevant decrease in the percentage of ethanol levels during 2013–2016. However, the type of lid used influenced the amount of ethanol that evaporated; we found that the pressure and twist lids were more effective in maintaining the ethanol levels in the containers, since they have a pressurized rotation system that allows a more secure closure in contrast to the pressure cap, which does not prevent the evaporation of ethanol. Based on our evaluation, we suggest the use of pressure and twist closure caps or caps with a continuous thread closure type along with a tamper-evident seal between the jar mouth and the container cap to ensure a tight and secure seal for minimizing the risk of fluid loss and ensuring the preservation of fluid-fixed specimens of this historical collection.
FARMACOGENÉTICA NO TRATAMENTO DO TRANSTORNO DE ANSIEDADE GENERALIZADA (TAG): UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Beltrame Betina Montanari , Lima Vandre Mateus 
Published: January 2023

A inconstância na resposta individual de cada paciente ao tratamento com medicamentos ansiolíticos está diretamente relacionada às variações genéticas envolvidas. Essa variabilidade infl uencia os efeitos terapêuticos e pode também ditar as reações adversas de um tratamento e, portanto, uma dose que é benéfica para um indivíduo pode ser ineficaz e/ou insegura para outro. O tratamento da ansiedade generalizada é usualmente realizado com fármacos antidepressivos, como os inibidores seletivos da recaptação da serotonina (ISRS), e os padrões de herdabilidade relacionados a processos de metabolização destes fármacos podem infl uenciar o desfecho da terapia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi reunir os dados presentes na literatura sobre a associação de genes candidatos com a resposta ao tratamento da ansiedade, e analisar as perspectivas da aplicação da farmacogenética no tratamento desta patologia. A resposta ao tratamento com ansiolíticos, como os ISRS, depende da variabilidade de genes codifi cantes de proteínas envolvidas com o papel da serotonina no cérebro. Por meio de estudos foi possível detectar essas variações e várias delas mostraram a importância da farmacogenética. Além disso, alguns dos genes relacionados à farmacogenética dos ISRS já são conhecidos (como CIP2D6, CIP2C19, CIP2C9) e este conhecimento pode ser aplicado na prática clínica, de forma a personalizar o tratamento dos pacientes.
The 33rd German CFD Network of Competence Meeting: 20 years of advances in the numerical 3D simulation of reactor relevant flows
Authors: Papukchiev Angel , Schramm Berthold 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The 33rd German CFD Network of Competence Meeting was held in March 2022 at the Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH in Garching, Germany. In 2022 the meeting celebrates its 20th anniversary with 17 scientific presentations, distributed in two main sessions: “Simulation of Reactor Cooling Circuit Flows” and “Simulation of Reactor Containment Flows”. This paper gives an overview of the different contributions, presented at this anniversary meeting, and also provides information on the background and the objectives of the German CFD Network of Competence.
Energy Dissipation of Bituminous Mixtures with Crumb Rubber Added by Dry Process: Laboratory Tests and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Mahmoudi Yasmina , Mangiafico Salvatore , Sauzéat Cédric , Di Benedetto Hervé , Pouget Simon , Faure Jean-Philippe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this study, the influence of crumb rubber added by dry process on the dissipative properties of bituminous mixtures has been investigated. Six mixtures were tested: two reference mixtures without crumb rubber were produced, one containing a pure binder and the other one containing an SBS-modified binder. Four other mixtures containing 2 % and 4 % (in mass) of crumb rubber and the same two mentioned binders were also produced. First, complex modulus tests were carried out at different frequencies and temperatures and for an axial strain amplitude of 50 μm/m. The 2S2P1D analogical linear viscoelastic model was used to model experimental data. From these results, the dissipated energy during one sinusoidal loading cycle was calculated, both for constant strain amplitude loading and for constant stress amplitude loading. Simulations at constant strain amplitude show lower energy dissipation for bituminous mixtures containing 2 % and 4 % CR and the SBS-modified bitumen with respect to the corresponding reference mixture without CR. However, the opposite is found at constant stress amplitude. Mixtures containing pure bitumen and CR show lower dissipated energy for any loading mode. Numerical simulations were carried out to determine energy dissipation at the scale of a pavement structure. The linear viscoelastic properties determined experimentally for the different materials were implemented in a finite element model to perform the calculations in the frequency domain. Results show that pavements made with bituminous mixtures containing CR added by dry process dissipate more energy with respect to the reference mixtures without CR.
AUTOMATIC CAPTION FEATURES ON GOOGLE MEET AS A PRONUNCIATION ASSESSMENT TOOL
Authors: Ramadhika Boris , Yosintha Rolisda , Yunianti Sukma Shinta 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTThis study aims to find out the use Google Meet Automatic Caption feature to assist teachers of non-native English to assess their students' English pronunciation. We used a mixed-method with the explanatory-sequential approach following it. This research study was done at Tidar University with 12 participants, further reduced to 4 in the participant selection step. As the data were both quantitative and qualitative, we used the Word Error Rate (WER) formula quantitatively and Qualitative Content Analysis qualitatively. The findings show that Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a very sensitive system in transforming sounds into written forms. It also has an auto-correction system that sometimes can substitute a word with a meaningless one if a speaker pronounces the word unclearly or to the nearest word if a speaker mispronounces it. Even though it does not accurately process the punctuation and there is no sufficient correction on grammar, we believe the AI can help teachers in a pronunciation assessment.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan fitur Teks Otomatis pada Google Meet untuk membantu para guru Bahasa Inggris bukan penutur asli saat menilai pengucapan bahasa Inggris siswa mereka. Kami menggunakan metode penelitian campuran dengan pendekatan eksplanatori-sekuensial. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Universitas Tidar dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 12 orang yang dikurangi menjadi 4 orang pada tahap seleksi peserta. Data penelitian bersifat kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Untuk menganalisa data secara kuantitatif digunakan rumus Word Error Rate (WER). Sedangkan, secara kualitatif mengunakan Analisis Isi Kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa AI (Artificial Intelligence/ Kecerdasan buatan) memiliki sistem yang sangat sensitif dalam mengubah suara menjadi bentuk tulisan. Fitur ini juga memiliki sistem koreksi otomatis yang terkadang dapat menggantikan kata yang tidak berarti jika pembicara mengucapkan kata dengan tidak jelas atau diubah ke kata terdekat jika pembicara salah mengucapkan kata tersebut. Meskipun tidak memproses tanda baca secara akurat dan tidak ada koreksi yang memadai pada tata bahasa, kami yakin AI dapat membantu para guru dalam penilaian pengucapan. How to Cite: Ramadhika, B., Yosintha, R., Yunianti, S. S. (2022). Automatic Caption Features on Google Meet as a Pronunciation Assessment Tool. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 9(2), 396-410. doi:10.15408/ijee.v9i2.22482
Using Administrative Billing Codes to Identify Acute Musculoskeletal Infections in Children
Authors: Searns Justin B. , Rice John D. , Bertin Kaitlyn B. , Birkholz Meghan , Barganier Lori B. , Creech C. Buddy , Downes Kevin J. , Hubbell Brittany B. , Kronman Matthew P. , Rolsma Stephanie L. , Sydney Guy I. , O’Leary Sean T. , Parker Sarah K. , Dominguez Samuel R. 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Acute hematogenous musculoskeletal infections (MSKI) are medical emergencies with the potential for life-altering complications in afflicted children. Leveraging administrative data to study pediatric MSKI is difficult as many infections are chronic, nonhematogenous, or occur in children with significant comorbidities. The objective of this study was to validate a case-finding algorithm to accurately identify children hospitalized with acute hematogenous MSKI using administrative billing codes.

METHODS
This was a multicenter validation study using the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database. Hospital admissions for MSKI were identified from 6 PHIS hospitals using discharge diagnosis codes. A random subset of admissions underwent manual chart review at each site using predefined criteria to categorize each admission as either “acute hematogenous MSKI” (AH-MSKI) or “not acute hematogenous MSKI.” Ten unique coding algorithms were developed using billing data. The sensitivity and specificity of each algorithm to identify AH-MSKI were calculated using chart review categorizations as the reference standard.

RESULTS
Of the 492 admissions randomly selected for manual review, 244 (49.6%) were classified as AH-MSKI and 248 (50.4%) as not acute hematogenous MSKI. Individual algorithm performance varied widely (sensitivity 31% to 91%; specificity 52% to 98%). Four algorithms demonstrated potential for future use with receiver operating characteristic area under the curve greater than 80%.

CONCLUSIONS
Identifying children with acute hematogenous MSKI based on discharge diagnosis alone is challenging as half have chronic or nonhematogenous infections. We validated several case-finding algorithms using administrative billing codes and detail them here for future use in pediatric MSKI outcomes.