bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analytical framework for breast cancer public policies in Sub-Saharan Africa: results from a comprehensive literature review and an adapted policy Delphi
Authors: Gbenonsi Gloria Yawavi , Martini Jessica , Mahieu Céline 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

BackgroundBreast cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer in women and is a major public health problem worldwide. Resource-poor countries, particularly those in Sub-Saharan Africa, have high mortality rates despite low incidence rates of the disease. These poor results reflect the weakness in public health policies. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the effective control of breast cancer by designing a framework for a comprehensive and systemic analysis of these policies in Sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsThis research is based on a literature review that adopted a systematic approach followed by a modified policy Delphi involving breast cancer experts in Sub-Saharan Africa. We included narrative reviews and systematic reviews/meta-analyses published between 2015 and 2022 as well as official documents in the analysis. We integrated the World Health Organization’s health system building blocks with Walt and Gilson's policy analysis triangle to analyse the information collected and develop our analytical framework.ResultsA total of 22 reviews and documents were included in the study. Sixteen breast cancer experts from Sub-Saharan Africa participated in the first Delphi round, and nine participated in the second round. The different components identified for a comprehensive and systemic analysis of effective breast cancer policies can be classified into policy content divided according to the health system building blocks and related policy processes; individual, organized national and international policy stakeholders; and policy contexts.ConclusionThis study enabled the design of a framework suitable for the comprehensive and systemic analysis of breast cancer control policies in Sub-Saharan Africa. This framework can be used as a checklist for stakeholders to guide the planning, implementation and evaluation of policies and specific breast cancer control programmes at the national and facility levels.
The Role of Diabetes on the mortality rate of Patients with COVID-19: A systematic review
Authors: Saki Forough , Nemati Marzieh , Ebrahimi Bahareh , Kashkooli Nima Rahimi , Azadnik Salar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) as a burgeoning health concern in the context of COVID-19 emphasizes the need for solicitous attention and tailored preventive strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality risk. Consistent with this attitude, this systematic review aimed to highlight a wide range of predictive factors that could be related to worse outcomes in COVID-19_DM patients.
Methods: The search was done in Pub Med, Web of Sciences, and Science Direct databases using keywords Diabetes, COVID-19, and mortality rates from September 2020 until April 2022 to identify and evaluate the numerous possible prognostic factors that are associated with significant mortality rates in COVID-19_DM patients.
Results: Among more than 1200 Studies, 10 articles were considered eligible for more evaluation and were taken forward to the full-text review. Additionally, among more than 25000 COVID-19 patients and more than 6000 COVID-19_DM patients, older age and male gender were the most important mortality-related predictors in COVID-19_DM patients which were pointed out in 5 and 4 studies respectively. It should be noted, that high D-dimer and blood glucose levels could potentiate the risk of death in COVID-19_DM patients.
Conclusion: In conclusion and in addition to older age, male gender, high D-dimer, and blood glucose levels, there were several determinant factors like high ferritin, Procalcitonin, A1C (HBA1C), White Blood Cell (WBC), C-Reactive Protein (CRP) level, and also lower Oxygen (O2) saturation and lymphocyte count that are related with the mortality risk in patients. Likewise, pulmonary involvement and some medications like exogenous insulin could result in a debilitating condition in COVID-19_DM patients.
A Dark Energy Paradigm: II. Cold Dark Matter Model to Predict Galactic Dynamics as Evidence
Authors: Moon Yong-Jae , Koh Wook 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Various dark matter models have been developed to explain dark matter halos, but have difficulties in predicting observed properties in galactic dynamics. On the other hand, Milgrom's law, which is the keystone of modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND), can successfully predict a variety of galactic phenomena that are difficult to explain by dark matter models. However, it is not a complete and self-contained physical theory, but rather an empirically motivated algorithm. In this paper, we propose a cold dark matter (CDM) model based on the dark energy paradigm in which a fundamental structure underlying Milgrom's law can be derived without actually modifying Newtonian dynamics. We find that the empirical evidence for MOND can be equally well interpreted as evidence for CDM. We find that the relation between a galaxy's total baryonic mass M and its asymptotic rotation velocity v is M ~ v4 by modeling CDM creation in force equilibrium. Furthermore, we also find that a0=1.2 x 10-10 m/s2 - a fundamental constant marking the transition between the Newtonian and deep-MOND regimes - can be derived by modeling CDM as a new type of lepton. Furthermore, we find that the dark energy paradigm has another evidence of "predicting lepton masses" which is presented in an accompanying paper.
RETRACTED: The impact of COVID-19 news on the mental health of Bahrainis
Authors: Aldoseri Marwa , Alhadi Noora , Alghatam Latifa , Abdulla Shoog , Alrayes Hala , Aldoseri Fajer , Almudahka Danat , Hasan Retaj , Shareeda Shoog , Alzobbae Lena , Almarabheh Amer , Ahmed Jamil 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Genomic and co-expression network analyses reveal candidate genes for oil accumulation based on an introgression population in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
Authors: MA Jianjiang , Jia Bing , Bian Yingying , Pei Wenfeng , Wu Man , Wang Wenkui , Shahzad Kashif , Wang Li , Song Jikun , Zhang Bingbing , Feng Pan , Yang Liupeng , Zhang Jinfa , Yu Jiwen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Cotton is an economical source of edible oil for the food industry. The genetic mechanism that regulates oil biosynthesis in cottonseeds is essential for the genetic enhancement of oil content (OC). To explore the functional genomics of OC, this study utilized an interspecific backcross inbred line (BIL) population to dissect the quantitative trait locus (QTL) interlinked with OC. In total, nine OC QTLs were identified, four of which were novel, and each QTL explained 3.62-34.73% of the phenotypic variation of OC. The comprehensive transcript profiling of developing cottonseeds revealed 3,646 core genes differentially expressed in both inbred parents. Functional enrichment analysis determined 43 genes were annotated with oil biosynthesis processes. Implementation of weighted gene co-expression network analysis showed that 803 differential genes had a significant correlation with the OC phenotype. Further integrated analysis identified seven important genes located in OC QTLs. Of which, the GhHSD1 gene located in stable QTL qOC-Dt3-1 exhibited the highest functional linkages with the other network genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed significant evolutionary differences in the HSD1 sequences between oilseed- and starch- crops. Furthermore, the overexpression of GhHSD1 in Arabidopsis yielded almost 6.78% higher seed oil. This study not only uncovers important genetic loci for oil accumulation in cottonseed, but also provides a set of new candidate genes that potentially influence the oil biosynthesis pathway in cottonseed.
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from stem-callus extract of Centella asiatica L. demonstrating antibacterial activity.
Authors: Ganie Irfan Bashir , Shahzad Anwar , Shahid Mohammad , Khan Mo Ahmad , Kumar Sachin , Hashmi Md Amiruddin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Chorioamnionitis Caused by Morganella Morganii in a Patient With Recent Infection by Sars-cov-2: A Case Report
Authors: Pineda Johanna Carolina Arango , Casañas Andrés Mauricio Hernández , Hoyos Juan José Saldarriaga , Caipe Natalia Catalina Riascos , Rua Diana Marcela Paez 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Morganella morganii is a facultative anaerobic gram-negative bacillus that has been described as a cause of neonatal sepsis, meningitis and chorioamnionitis, however in observational studies it has been reported as a rare cause.
CASE SUMMARY: 36-year-old pregnant patient, gravida 2 cesarean sections 1, with 24.1 weeks of gestation presented with chorioamnionitis caused by Morganella Morganii with comorbidity of recent SARS-COV2 infection. Termination of pregnancy by cesarean section was required, associated with fatal neonatal outcome. She received dual antibiotic therapy without experiencing any other maternal complications.
CONCLUSION: Chorioamnionitis caused by M. morganii is a rare entity but represents a significant cause of morbidity for the maternal-fetal binomial. It is important to identify other comorbidities in pregnant women that can be considered as possible predisposing factors for this entity, so early identification and treatment should be sought.
A patient-centered view of symptoms, functional impact, and priorities in post-COVID-19 syndrome: Cross-sectional results from the Québec Action Post-COVID cohort
Authors: Mayo Nancy , Brouillette Marie-Josée , Falcone Emilia Liana , Fellows Lesley 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Health services planning and mechanism-focused research would benefit from a clearer picture of symptoms, impact, and personal priorities in post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). This study aimed to provide estimates of the symptom, function, and quality of life (QOL) impact of PCS.
Methods
People living in Quebec, aged ≥ 18, were eligible for the Québec Action for/pour le Post-COVID (QAPC) study if they had symptoms lasting more than 4 weeks post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, with or without a positive COVID-19 test. Recruitment was through conventional and social media between September 2022-January 2023. Standardized and individualized questionnaires, in French or English, were accessed through an online portal. We report cross-sectional results from the baseline visit of the first 414 participants in this ongoing longitudinal study.
Results
Individuals spontaneously reported symptoms attributable to an average of 4.5 organ systems. Fatigue was most frequent. Effects on function and quality of life were moderate to severe, and had already persisted for a year or more in the majority. Personal intervention priorities included fatigue and post-exercise malaise, cognitive symptoms, shortness of breath, and impaired taste and smell. Women and men were similar on PCS impact, while older age was associated with lower impact.
Conclusion
Symptom clusters defined a range of severity, with fatigue a pervasive symptom at all levels of severity. Participants in this study are likely to be representative of those seeking health care for post-COVID-19 symptoms in Canada and the results can inform next steps for clinical, research, and health services planning.
Soil Nitrogen Cycling Following the Invasion and Removal of the Shrub Rosa multiflora along a Nitrogen Availability Gradient
Authors: Moore Eric R. , Pouyat Richard V. , Trammell Tara L. E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Invasive plants often alter ecosystem functions and processes, especially soil N cycling. In urban or recently disturbed forest stands, soil N is often more available and may facilitate plant invasion, which in turn increases N mineralization and available N. In eastern United States forests, the shrub Rosa multiflora (“rose”) is the dominant invader, yet potential effects on N cycling are poorly understood. Moreover, invasive plant management can impact soil N cycling by decreasing plant N uptake and disturbing the soil. The objectives of this study were to evaluate N cycling along a gradient of rose invasion and investigate potential changes to N cycling under four different management strategies: 1) do nothing (i.e., the control), 2) invasive plant removal, 3) removal followed by native seed mix addition, 4) removal, native seed mix, and chipped woody stem addition. We selected three forest sites experiencing a low, medium, or high amount of shrub invasion, and measured N cycling in the early (June) and late (September) growing seasons. We found N was immobilized in June and mineralized in September. One year after experimental management strategies were implemented, removal alone had no effect on N cycling compared to control plots, but addition of native seed mix and chipped stems reduced early-season nitrification in our medium invasion site. Our findings suggest that initial N cycling under different amounts of rose invasion and subsequent responses to management are complex, and that N cycling responds differentially to management in the year following invasive plant removal.
Turnover intention of foreign trained physicians in German rehabilitation facilities – a quantitative study
Authors: Jansen Eva , Schmidt Johanna , Marquardt Manuela 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Germany’s medical specialist shortage is an acute challenge, especially in the rehabilitation segment. One countermeasure is to recruit foreign trained physicians (FTP), but the high turnover of FTP is a burden on the departments that train them and integrate them professionally. Preliminary research showed that currently one in three physician positions in German Pension Insurance (DRV) contract facilities is filled by FTP.This paper examines the turnover intention of FTP in German rehabilitative departments.
Methodology
In spring 2022, we conducted an online survey of FTP that captured sociodemographic and professional biographical data, turnover intention, satisfaction, difficulties with professional integration and structural characteristics. The data was evaluated in a subgroup analysis using chi-square tests.
Results
The sample includes n = 145 FTP, 119 stating no turnover intention and 27 with turnover intention. More than half of FTP with turnover intention wished to move to an acute care hospital. They are significantly (p < 0.05) younger, have worked in Germany and in their current medical institutions for a shorter time, and have studied in more countries than FTP without turnover intention. The latter are proportionally more likely to have a German specialist title and management responsibilities. FTP with turnover intention are far less satisfied, particularly with career prospects and institution location. Structurally, FTP with turnover intention are proportionately more likely to be based in peripheral regions than conurbations, which are where all FTP without turnover intention are based. FTP with turnover intention have reported a much higher rate of discrimination by colleagues who are not physicians.
Discussion and conclusion
The results reveal a group of "established FTP" whose professional integration has been successfully completed. FTP with turnover intention are comparatively younger, career-oriented physicians for whom work in a rehabilitative facility is a career springboard to gain a foothold in acute care clinics.
Factors associated with physical activity following total knee arthroplasty for knee osteoarthritis: a longitudinal study
Authors: Fujita Remi , Ota Susumu , Yamamoto Yuri , Kataoka Akito , Warashina Hideki , Hayashi Takahiro , Matsunaga Naomichi , Sugiura Hideshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
To objectively measure physical activity by intensity before and 6 months after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using accelerometers and to determine factors associated with physical activity levels at 6 months after TKA.
Methods
A total of 82 patients (mean age 74.5 ± 6.4 years) with moderate-to-severe knee osteoarthritis (OA) underwent evaluation of knee function, including knee flexion/extension range-of-motion, knee-extension muscle strength, and knee pain; the timed up-and-go test; and physical activity measurements using an accelerometer. To clarify the factors associated with physical activity at 6 months after TKA, hierarchical multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and presence of diabetes mellitus was performed.
Results
A higher average daily step count at 6 months after TKA was significantly associated with greater preoperative knee-extension muscle strength on the operated side (β = 0.155, p = 0.028) and a higher preoperative average daily step count (β = 0.834, p < 0.001). Similarly, longer light-intensity physical activity (LPA) time at 6 months after TKA was significantly associated with greater preoperative knee-extension muscle strength on the operated side (β = 0.151, p = 0.037) and longer preoperative LPA time (β = 0.818, p < 0.001). Furthermore, longer moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) time was significantly associated with longer preoperative MVPA time (β = 0.723, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Greater preoperative knee-extension muscle strength on the operated side and a higher preoperative average daily step count were associated with a higher average daily step count at 6 months after TKA. In addition, the greater the preoperative knee-extension muscle strength on the operated side and the longer the preoperative LPA time, the longer the LPA time at 6 months after TKA. Furthermore, the longer the preoperative MVPA time, the longer the MVPA time at 6 months after TKA.
The Temozolomide-Doxorubicin paradox in Glioblastoma in vitro-in silico preclinical drug-screening
Authors: Oraiopoulou Mariam-Eleni , Tzamali Eleftheria , Psycharakis Stylianos , Tzedakis Giorgos , Makatounakis Takis , Manolitsi Katina , Drakos Elias , Vakis Antonis , Zacharakis Giannis , Papamatheakis Joseph , Sakkalis Vangelis 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:Adjuvant Temozolomide is considered the front-line Glioblastoma chemotherapeutic treatment; yet not all patients respond. Latest trends in clinical trials usually refer to Doxorubicin; yet it can lead to severe side-effects if administered in high doses. While Glioblastoma prognosis remains poor, little is known about the combination of the two chemotherapeutics.
Methods: Patient-derived spheroids were generated and treated with a range of Temozolomide/Doxorubicin concentrations either as monotherapy or in combination. Optical microscopy was used to monitor the growth pattern and cell death. Based on the monotherapy experiments, we developed a probabilistic mathematical framework in order to describe the drug-induced effect at the single-cell level and simulate drug doses in combination assuming probabilistic independence.
Results: Doxorubicin was found to be effective in doses even four orders of magnitude less than Temozolomide in monotherapy. The combination therapy doses tested in vitro were able to lead to irreversible growth inhibition at doses where monotherapy resulted in relapse. In our simulations, we assumed both drugs are anti-mitotic; Temozolomide has a growth-arrest effect, while Doxorubicin is able to cumulatively cause necrosis. Interestingly, under no mechanistic synergy assumption, the in silico predictions underestimate the in vitro results.
Conclusions: The predicted and validated doses indicate a supra-additive response when both drugs are combined. Our results suggest a Temozolomide-Doxorubicin dual chemotherapeutic scheme to both disable proliferation and increase cytotoxicity against Glioblastoma.
Variation in Covid-19 vaccination rates is mediated by poverty and race and not by access to care: A case study in Chicago
Authors: Keegan Grace , Zhu Mengqi , BS Maria Paz , Kang Hyojung , Patel Ajanta , Baig Arshiya A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Chicago’s deeply-rooted racial and socioeconomic residential segregation is a pattern mirrored in other major cities, making it a prototype for studying the uptake of public health interventions across the US. Residential segregation is related to availability of primary care, sense of community, and trust in the healthcare system, components which are essential in the response to crises like Covid-19. We aimed to evaluate the association between rates of access to primary care and community-belonging with Covid-19 vaccination within Chicago’s neighborhoods. Methods: Data from Chicago Department of Public Health (12/2020-6/2022) on Covid-19 vaccination rates, race/ethnicity (% Black and % Hispanic/Latinx residents), age (% >65), gender (% female), socioeconomic status (% below the federal poverty line), access to needed care rate, rate of households with a primary care physician, and rate of self-reported sense of community-belonging on the neighborhood level were analyzed. Linear mixed models (LMMs) were used to study the impact of variables on vaccination; each neighborhood was added as a random effect to adjust for between-community variation. Results: The average Covid-19 vaccination rates across Chicago’s neighborhoods was 79%, ranging from 37 to 100%, with median 81%. We found that Covid-19 vaccination rates were positively correlated with access to needed care (p < 0.001) and community-belonging (p < 0.001). Community areas that had lower vaccination rates had greater percentage of Black residents (p < 0.0001) and greater poverty rates (p < 0.0001). After adjusting for poverty, race, gender and age in the models, the association between vaccination rates and access to care or community-belonging were no longer significant, but % Black residents and poverty remained significant. Conclusions: Though access to needed primary care and community-belonging are correlated with vaccination rates, this association was not significant when controlling for demographic factors. The association between poverty, race and vaccination status remained significant, indicating that socioeconomic and racial disparities across Chicago drive Covid-19 vaccine recommendation adherence regardless of care access. Understanding how poverty, and its intersectional relation to race and primary care access, affects vaccination should be a priority for public health efforts broadly.
Effect of eyelid hygiene on functional visual acuity after cataract surgery: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Yokobori Kento , Ayaki Masahiko , Kawashima Motoko , Torii Hidemasa , Yotsukura Erisa , Masui Sachiko , Negishi Kazuno 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of eyelid hygiene after cataract surgery on eyelid and ocular surface findings, subjective symptoms and visual function, including functional visual acuity (FVA) and higher order aberration, in a randomized controlled study.
Methods: Fifty patients who underwent cataract surgery at a single institution were involved. Twenty-five patients were instructed to wipe their eyelids twice a day from one to four weeks postoperatively, whereas the other 25 patients did not perform any eyelid hygiene. Optical measurement, FVA, meibomian glands, the grade of meibum, lid margin findings, fluorescein corneal staining findings, dry eye-related subjective symptoms and surgical satisfaction were assessed both preoperatively and one month postoperatively.
Results: In the eyelid hygiene group, the visual maintenance ratio of FVA improved significantly (p = 0.048) and the higher order aberration of the 4th + 6th order deteriorated less (p = 0.027) compared with the control group. Multiple regression analyses showed that the change in visual maintenance ratio was associated with surgical satisfaction (p = 0.003), change in corneal staining score (p = 0.007), history of eye diseases (p = 0.029) and eyelid hygiene (p = 0.048).
Conclusions: Eyelid hygiene after cataract surgery may be effective for visual function measured with an FVA test.
Trial registration: UMIN000038320. Registered on October 17, 2019.