bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Investigation of a High-Speed Turbine With Rainbow Rotor and Rim Seal Purge Flow
Authors: Cernat Bogdan C. , Pinho Jorge , Okada Mizuki , Lavagnoli Sergio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe present paper addresses the experimental and numerical study of the unsteady flow established in a high-pressure turbine stage with rim seal purge. The HPT test section, operated at engine-relevant flow conditions in the high-speed turbine rig of the von Karman Institute, is heavily instrumented for high-resolution, high-bandwidth aerothermal measurements. A rainbow rotor setup allows the simultaneous testing of six different sectors, each hosting a specific tip and platform geometry optimized for enhanced aerodynamic performance. This paper focuses on the flow over the baseline sector, equipped with an axisymmetric hub platform and a squealer tip, with a purge flowrate matching 1.74% and 1% of the stage mass flow. The numerical study relies on Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) computations with test-calibrated boundary conditions. Unsteady pressure and heat transfer measurements are performed at the rotor shroud. The maximum heat transfer is achieved along the front pressure side rim, whereas the squealer cavity generates a region of uniformly low static pressure and heat flux. The experimental adiabatic wall temperature is derived to quantify the thermal contribution to the global heat flux, demonstrating an increase in over-tip gas temperature up to 1.2 T01 above the pressure side rim. A Euler-based model is proposed to evaluate the temperature-driving work-exchange mechanism in the tip gap. The peak in casing heat transfer coefficient (750 W/m2K) is found at the tip leading edge. Time-resolved measurements of outlet total pressure, Mach number, and flow angle confirm the predicted phase and intensity of the tip leakage and upper passage vortex in the near-casing region. At 20% hr, the total pressure minimum is highly underpredicted by the RANS, indicating an inaccurate modeling of the interaction between rim seal purge and main flow. The measured impact of the purge flow variation is more significant than predicted by the RANS computations, with a negative offset of about 0.5% P01 in the lower 50% hr at lower purge flowrate.
New records of feather mites of the genus Proctophyllodes (Acariformes: Proctophyllodidae) in China
Authors: Sun Li-Hua , He Shu-Xiang , Liu Huai , Wang Zi-Ying 
Published: January 2023

A new feather mite species Proctophyllodes gracilitus sp. nov. is described from the mountain bulbul Ixos mcclellandii (Horsfield) (Passeriformes: Pycnonotidae) in China. The new species belongs to the mecistocaulus species-group and differs from the most similar species, P. stenophyllus Gaud & Mouchet, 1957, by having the following characters: in males of P. gracilitus, the terminal lamellae are thinner and longer (45–49×4–5) and the posterior part of the hysteronotal shield has circular lacunae; and in females setae h1 are situated at the level of posterior margin of supranal concavity, setae h2 are longer than terminal appendages, do not have enlargement in base, and setae h3 are about 2/3rds the length of terminal appendages. In addition, Proctophyllodes weigoldi Vitzthum, 1922 has been collected from the willow tit Poecile montanus (Baldenstein) (Passeriformes: Paridae) that is a new host record for this species. This species is redescribed, because it was found that specimens from Po. montanus have some minor morphological differences from specimens of the common blackbird Turdus merula Linnaeus (Passeriformes: Turdidae) (a type host) and eyebrowed thrush Turdus obscurus Gmelin (Passeriformes: Turdidae).
Resistance Band Exercise: An Effective Strategy to Reverse Cardiometabolic Disorders in Women With Osteosarcopenic Obesity
Authors: Banitalebi Ebrahim , Banitalebi Elahe , Ghahfarokhi Majid Mardaniyan , Rahimi Mostafa , Laher Ismail , Davison Kade 
Published: January 2023

We designed to evaluate the effects of resistance elastic band exercises (REBEs) on cardiometabolic/obesity-related biomarkers in older females with osteosarcopenic obesity. Sixty-three patients (aged 65–80 years) with osteosarcopenic obesity and a body mass index exceeding 30 kg/m2 were enrolled in the study. The participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (REBE, n = 32) or a usual care group (n = 31). The experimental group completed a 12-week REBE program, three times a week and 60 min per session. There were decreases in lipid accumulation product (p = .033), visceral adipose index (p = .001), triglyceride-glucose-body mass index (p = .034), and atherogenic index of plasma (p = .028) in the experimental group compared with the usual care group. Our findings highlight the importance of an REBE program in improving combined cardiometabolic/obesity-related indices in older women with osteosarcopenic obesity. The incorporation of an REBE program may benefit individuals who are unable to tolerate or participate in more strenuous exercise programs.
Does Sedentary Behavior Predict Motor Competence in Young Children?
Authors: Chagas Daniel das Virgens , Hesketh Kylie , Downing Katherine , Mohebbi Mohammadreza , Barnett Lisa M. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Understanding how or whether sedentary behavior affects motor competence in young children is important considering that children spend a lot of time sedentary. The aim of this study was to examine whether sedentary behavior predicts motor competence in young children. Methods: A longitudinal study with a total of 372 children aged 3.5 years at baseline and 5 years at follow-up was conducted. Objectively measured activity patterns (i.e., using accelerometers) were conducted in a subsample with 188 children. Sedentary behavior was assessed both objectively and subjectively (parent-reported screen time). Locomotor and object control skill scores were determined using the Test of Gross Motor Development—Second Edition. A multivariable analysis was executed adjusting for potential confounders (such as age, sex, time spent in moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity, monitor wear time, body mass index z scores, and maternal education). Results: Sedentary behavior at either time point was not significantly associated with either locomotor or object control skills after adjusting for potential confounders. Discussion: Our results did not support the assumption that sedentary behavior affects motor competence in young children. Regardless, given the lack of consistency in the evidence base, we recommend to parents, educators, and health professionals that sedentary activities should be kept within government recommendations due to potential negative effects on child development.
Slab damage and the pulsating retreat of the Ionian-Apennines subduction
Authors: Carminati Eugenio , Chiarabba Claudio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEpisodes of slow and fast plate subduction, slab rollback, and backarc opening are widely documented; e.g., in the central Mediterranean region. Pervasive damage by fluids is emerging as a possible weakening mechanism that could lead to slab segmentation and breakoff. We show that low-velocity anomalies within the Ionian slab present in along-dip seismic tomography profiles are traces of past damaging events generated by water penetration into the oceanic lithosphere when it was at the trench. We propose that the stepwise evolution of the central Mediterranean over the past 21 m.y. has been governed by strength changes of the Ionian slab induced by damage. More generally, we speculate that the cyclicity of such a process in space and time in the different circum-Mediterranean subduction events may have led to the present shape of the Mediterranean basin.
KRAS G12D mutation in Brunner gland adenoma
Authors: Ortega Mahatma , Sparks Jessica , Lichy Jack , Nava Victor E 
Published: January 2023

Brunner gland lesions (BGLs) encompass benign proliferations of the homonymous glands and have been designated as hyperplasia, adenoma (BGA), hamartoma or nodule. In general terms, lesions larger than 0.5 cm are considered true neoplasia with unknown malignant potential and unclear pathogenesis. Genetic alterations have seldom been reported in BGL, and include SMAD4/DPC4 and LRIG1, but not KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue) to the best of our knowledge.We present the case of a man in his 60s, evaluated for iron deficiency anaemia harbouring a 1.5 cm BGA found by duodenoscopy. Immunohistochemistry failed to reveal microsatellite instability, and next-generation sequencing revealed a KRAS G12D point mutation.
Capacity building at points of entry during COVID-19 pandemic: harmonising training curriculum for Economic Community of West African States
Authors: Usman Aishat Bukola , Lokossou Virgil Kuassi , Sawadogo Kiswendsida , Ward Sarah , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David , Sawadogo Bernard , Hanlon Chelsea , Kayita Godfrey , Balogun Muhammad Shakir , Antara Simon , Merrill Rebecca , Nguku Patrick M , Issiaka Sombie , JC Aïssi Melchior Athanase 
Published: January 2023

This paper describes the process for developing, validating and disseminating through a train-the-trainer (TOT) event a standardised curriculum for public health capacity building for points of entry (POE) staff across the 15-member state Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) that reflects both international standards and national guidelines.A five-phase process was used in developing the curriculum: phase (1) assessment of existing materials developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Africa CDC and the West African Economic and Monetary Union, (2) design of retained and new, harmonised content, (3) validation by the national leadership to produce final content, (4) implementation of the harmonised curriculum during a regional TOT, and (5) evaluation of the curriculum.Of the nine modules assessed in English and French, the technical team agreed to retain six harmonised modules providing materials for 10 days of intensive training. Following the TOT, most participants (n=28/30, 93.3%) indicated that the International Health Regulations and emergency management modules were relevant to their work and 96.7% (n=29/30) reported that the training should be cascaded to POE staff in their countries.The ECOWAS harmonised POE curriculum provides a set of training materials and expectations for national port health and POE staff to use across the region. This initiative contributes to reducing the effort required by countries to identify emergency preparedness and response capacity-building tools for border health systems in the Member States in a highly connected region.
Anxiety and depression among people with type 2 diabetes visiting diabetes clinics of Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Paudel Shishir , Khanal Shankar Prasad , Gautam Sujan , Chalise Anisha , Koirala Tara Nath , Marahatta Sujan Babu 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depression and identify the associated factors among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) visiting diabetes clinics of Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThree diabetes clinics in Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal, from May to July 2021.Participants283 people with T2DM visiting selected diabetes centres of Pokhara Metropolitan.Outcome measuresAnxiety and depression were the outcome measures. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire comprising information related to participants’ sociodemographic profile and several factors along with Hospital Anxiety and Depression-Anxiety subscale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess the levels of anxiety and depression, respectively. Pearson’s Χ2tests and binary logistic regression were performed to examine association between dependent and independent variables at 5% level of significance.ResultsThe prevalence of anxiety and depression was 31.4% (95% CI 26.2% to 37.5%) and 36.4% (95% CI 30.8% to 42.0%), respectively. Anxiety was found to be associated with a lower level of perceived social support (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.442, 95% CI 1.020 to 5.845), multiple complications (AOR 2.758, 95% CI 1.015 to 7.334) and comorbidities (AOR 2.110, 95% CI 1.004 to 4.436), severe COVID-19 fear (AOR 2.343, 95% CI 1.123 to 4.887) and sleep dissatisfaction (AOR 1.912, 95% CI 1.073 to 3.047). Economical dependency (AOR 1.890, 95% CI 1.026 to 3.482), no insurance (AOR 2.973, 95% CI 1.134 to 7.093), lower perceived social support (AOR 2.883, 95% CI 1.158 to 7.181), multiple complications (AOR 2.308, 95% CI 1.585 to 6.422) and comorbidities (AOR 2.575, 95% CI 1.180 to 5.617), severe COVID-19 fear (AOR 2.117, 95% CI 1.009 to 4.573), alcohol use (AOR 2.401, 95% CI 1.199 to 4.806) and sleep dissatisfaction (AOR 1.995, 95% CI 1.093 to 3.644) were found to be associated with depression.ConclusionThis study showed high prevalence levels of anxiety and depression among people with T2DM. Strengthening social support and focusing on people with diabetes suffering from comorbidity and complications could help to reduce their risk of mental health problems.
Relationship between intersectionality and cancer inequalities: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Estupiñán Fdez de Mesa Mar , Marcu Afrodita , Ream Emma , Whitaker Katriina L 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionPersistent inequalities in cancer care and cancer outcomes exist within and between countries. However, the evidence pertaining to the root causes driving cancer inequalities is mixed. This may be explained by the inadequate attention paid to experiences of patients with cancer living at the intersection of multiple social categories (eg, social class, ethnicity). This is supported by the intersectionality framework. This framework offers an alternative lens through which to analyse and understand how these interlocking systems of oppression uniquely shape the experiences of patients with cancer and drive inequalities. In this protocol, we outline a scoping review that will systematically map what is known about the relationship between intersectionality and inequalities in care experience and cancer outcomes of patients with cancer; and to determine how the intersectionality framework has been applied in studies across the cancer care pathway and across countries.Methods and analysisThis study will be guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s, and Levacet al’s frameworks for scoping reviews. We will identify and map the evidence on cancer inequalities and intersectionality from 1989 to present date. Electronic databases (EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science, ProQuest) and a systematic search strategy using a combination of keywords and Boolean operators AND/OR will be used to identify relevant studies. Screening of eligible papers and data extraction will be conducted by two independent reviewers, and disagreements resolved by discussion with the research team. We will use an iterative process to data charting using a piloted form. Findings will be collated into a narrative report.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required since data used are from publicly available secondary sources. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conferences and stakeholder meetings. Further, findings will inform the next phases of a multistage research project aimed at understanding inequalities among patients with breast cancer.
Effects of intradialytic inspiratory muscle training at different intensities on diaphragm thickness and functional capacity: clinical trial protocol in patients undergoing haemodialysis
Authors: Teixeira Marcelo de S , Ferrari Filipe , Dipp Thiago , Carvalho Gabriel , Bitencourt Eduarda da S , Saffi Marco , Stein Ricardo 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionPatients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing haemodialysis (HD) commonly present with a sedentary behaviour and reduced functional capacity, factors that can compromise their prognosis. Intradialytic inspiratory muscle training (IMT) can increase respiratory muscle strength and, consequently, improve functional capacity, besides being easy to apply, cheap and performed in a supervised setting. However, few studies show the effects of this type of training applied at different intensities in this population. This study aims to compare the effects of IMT at different intensities in adults with ESRD undergoing HD.Methods and analysisA randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled trial will be conducted on 36 subjects randomly allocated into three groups: IMT at intensities of 30% or 50% of maximal inspiratory pressure (intervention groups), or 10% of maximal inspiratory pressure (sham-IMT). All the interventions will be supervised and performed three times per week, for 12 weeks, totalling 36 sessions. The primary outcomes are the 6-minute walk test, diaphragm thickness and the response of VO2peak post-intervention. Respiratory muscle strength, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-item short form survey will be evaluated as secondary outcomes.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (ID: 2020-0458). The results of this study will be disseminated by conference presentations and peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT04660383.
Disseminated varicella zoster virus infection following live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine: descriptive analysis of reports to Australia’s spontaneous vaccine pharmacovigilance system, 2016–2020
Authors: Li-Kim-Moy Jean , Phillips Anastasia , Morgan Adelaide , Glover Catherine , Jayasinghe Sanjay , Hull Brynley P , Dey Aditi , Beard Frank H , Hickie Megan , Macartney Kristine 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo examine the reported incidence and features of disseminated varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection following live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine live (ZVL: Zostavax, Merck) in immunocompromised people in Australia.Design and settingZVL was funded in 2016 in Australia for people aged 70 years, with a catch-up programme for those 71–79 years. From 2016 to 2020, three deaths due to disseminated vaccine-strain VZV infection occurred following inadvertent ZVL administration in individuals with varying levels of immunocompromise. This descriptive study examined 4 years of national surveillance data reported to the Therapeutic Goods Administration’s Adverse Event Monitoring System (AEMS). Denominator data for rates were from doses recorded in the Australian Immunisation Register.ParticipantsIndividuals vaccinated between 1 November 2016 and 31 December 2020 who experienced adverse event(s) following immunisation (AEFI) after ZVL recorded in the AEMS.Primary and secondary outcome measuresRates and outcomes of confirmed (Oka strain positive) or probable disseminated VZV infection, and inadvertent administration of ZVL in immunocompromised individuals.Results854 AEFI were reported from 1 089 966 doses of ZVL administered (78.4 per 100 000 doses). Of those, 14 were classified as confirmed (n=6, 0.55 per 100 000) or probable (n=8) disseminated VZV infection. The confirmed cases were all hospitalised, and most (5/6) were immunocompromised; three cases died. Thirty-seven individuals were reported as vaccinated despite a contraindication due to immunocompromise (3.4 per 100 000), with 12/37 (32%) hospitalised.ConclusionsDisseminated VZV is potentially life-threatening and occurs mostly in those with severe immunocompromise. Inadvertent administration of ZVL to immunocompromised individuals has occurred despite initial provider guidance and education. Multiple additional strategies to assist providers to identify contraindications have been implemented to prevent adverse outcomes.
Barriers and facilitators to return to work following cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative research
Authors: Andersen Emma Borre , Kristiansen Maria , Bernt Jørgensen Sidsel Marie 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesReturn to work is a key rehabilitation goal, however, people recovering from cardiovascular disease (CVD) often struggle with returning to work. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-synthesis of the existing qualitative evidence on barriers and facilitators to return to work experienced by people with CVD.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus and CINAHL in August 2022. The reference lists of the included articles were searched. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme was used for quality appraisal and a meta-synthesis was employed.FindingsThis review includes 15 studies of overall high methodological quality. Barriers covered four themes: physical limitations, psychological and relational factors, the working context and support within health and social care systems. Facilitators were related to five themes: return to normality, enhancing well-being, financial concerns, the working context and support within health and social care systems.ConclusionOur findings highlight that return to work following CVD is a complex process influenced by individual factors, as well as work-related factors, factors in the health and social care systems and social security policies and regulations. To improve return to work, this review illustrates a need for individualised, multidisciplinary and coordinated vocational rehabilitation programmes that accommodate potential barriers to re-employment. Similarly, this review highlights how vocational rehabilitation programmes should ensure individualised information and support early in the rehabilitation process, as well as the importance of engaging relevant stakeholders, such as employers, in making individualised return-to-work plans.