bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health and related indicators 2022
Authors: Ndlovu Noluthando , Gray Andrew , Mkhabela Bonga , Myende Nqobile , Day Candy 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThis chapter aims to provide a repository of data, focusing on the national and provincial levels, that describes the broad status of the South African health system (socio-demographic indicators and determinants and health status indicators, as well as health service indicators). It examines the available health information data sources in South Africa, with a particular focus on whether they have been strengthened during and after the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The broader context for this chapter lies in the desire to see the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic translated into systemic changes that advance the reform of South Africa’s fragmented health services and hasten the attainment of effective and sustainable universal health coverage.MethodsData were sourced primarily from national routine data sources, but also captured from major surveys and global reports. Using monthly routine data sources, the difference between expected and actual routine measures were calculated and expected trends were forecast. These graphs enabled the depiction of the changes that occurred pre- and post-COVID in South Africa for key health indicators.ConclusionsProgress is discernible, but there is also evidence of back-sliding, of a revision to previous positions, and therefore a need to refocus attention on important lessons, lest they be lost.RecommendationsStrong health information systems should be the foundation on which evidence-based decisions can be made to support strong governance and leadership, where human resources for health are also supported and healthcare funding is prioritised.
Combined effects of temperature, photoperiod, and salinity on reproduction of the brine shrimpArtemia sinica(Crustacea: Anostraca)
Authors: Yang Jing-Yu , Sun Shi-Chun 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundArtemia sinicais a brine shrimp species distributed in hypersaline salt lakes in northern China and Siberia and a successful invasive species in some coastal salterns. Although it is a commercially harvested and cultured species, knowledge of its reproductive characteristics is limited, and existing studies are often contradictory. The combined effects of temperature, salinity, and photoperiod on reproduction characteristics are experimentally studied to better understand its reproductive features.MethodsThere were 36 combinations of three environmental factors (3 × 3 × 4), each with three or four levels, namely temperature (16, 25, 30 °C), photoperiod (6 L:18 D, 12 L:12D, 18 L:6D), and salinity (50, 100, 150, 200 PSU). In each treatment, 48 to 80 pairs ofA. sinicafrom Yuncheng Salt Lake (Shanxi, China) were cultured. Females were observed daily for reproductive mode and the number of offspring produced.ResultsTemperature, photoperiod, salinity, and their interactions significantly affected the lifespan and reproduction ofA. sinica.The reproductive period was the longest and accounted for the largest proportion of life span at moderate temperature (25 °C). Total offspring, offspring per brood, and offspring per day increased as salinity decreased, and the number of broods per female was highest at 25 °C. Temperature, photoperiod, and salinity significantly influenced reproductive modes, and interactions among these factors were identified.Artemia sinicaprimarily reproduces oviparously under low temperature and short daylight conditions, and ovoviviparously under high temperature and long daylight conditions, with the maximum oviparity ratio recorded in treatments of 16 °C, 6L:18D, and 50 or 100 PSU. The maximum ovoviviparity ratio was recorded under 30 °C, 12L:12D, and 100 PSU. Unlike that documented for otherArtemiaspecies or populations, the brood size ofA. sinicakept increasing throughout the reproductive period. It did not decline even in the last two broods. For the same brood number, the sizes of oviparous and ovoviviparous broods were similar. The length of the oviparous interval was often greater than that of the ovoviviparous interval, suggesting that oviparous offspring might require additional energy and time to construct the multi-layered eggshell. Compared to other species and populations, theA. sinicafrom Yuncheng Salt Lake has a relatively shorter pre-reproductive development time, a preference for ovoviviparity, and relatively higher fecundity and population growth capacity, making it a suitable culture species for obtaining fresh biomass.
Berberine protects hepatocyte from hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury through inhibiting circDNTTIP2
Authors: Zhu Yi , Li Junhui , Zhang Pengpeng , Peng Bo , Li Cai , Ming Yingzi , Liu Hong 
Published: September 2023

Background
During hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, the excessive release of inflammatory cytokines can activate the intracellular signal transduction cascade to induce hepatocyte injury. Apoptosis is an important way of cell death after I/R injury. Berberine, a common quaternary ammonium alkaloid, has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptotic effects. An increasing number of studies have revealed the importance of non-coding RNAs, including microRNA, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as regulators of the effects of berberine.

Purpose
In this study, we investigated the mechanism of berberine against liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in vitro.

Study Design and Methods
In this study, hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R)-treated L02 cells were pretreated with berberine to study the role and mechanism of berberine in resisting hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Results
The results show that berberine pre-treatment increased the cell viability of H/R-challenged cells, reduced H/R-induced apoptosis and ROS production, reversed H/R-increased on IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and H/R-decreased IL-10 expression. Mechanically, berberine protect hepatocyte from H/R injury, at least partially, through circDNTTIP2. In addition, circDNTTIP2 can bind to the TATA box of caspase3 promoter, thereby promoting caspase 3-related cell apoptosis and the release of inflammatory cytokines.

Conclusion
This study found that berberine has a protective effect on H/R-induced hepatocyte damage by inhibiting a novel circRNA, circDNTTIP2. This study provides potential treatment strategies and treatment targets for liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Habitat suitability of four threatened Himalayan species: Asiatic black bear, common leopard, musk deer, and snow leopard
Authors: Malla Rajesh , Panthi Saroj , Adhikari Hari , Pariyar Shiva , Baral Rishi , Subedi Rukmagat , Adhikari Bishnu Prasad , Poudel Mahesh , Sedhai Nischal , Poudel Megharaj 
Published: September 2023

Background
Biodiversity conservation is becoming challenging day by day. For this, it is essential to understand the distribution, habitat, and impact of anthropogenic activities on animals at risk. We assessed the suitable habitats and anthropogenic impacts on Asiatic black bears, common leopards, musk deer, and snow leopards in and outside the protected areas of Gandaki Province, Nepal.

Methods
We collected the presence locations of Asiatic black bears, common leopards, musk deer, and snow leopards based on scats and other signs. We employed the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) tool to identify suitable habitats of our studied species and their anthropogenic impacts on them.

Results
The total suitable habitat of the common leopard was found to be 6,052 km2, followed by the Asiatic black bear (5,819 km2), snow leopard (4,447 km2), and musk deer (1,690 km2) in Gandaki Province. Most of the areas of suitable habitat for common leopards and Asiatic black bears were outside the protected areas, and for musk deer and snow leopards were inside the protected areas. Elevation was the most important variable determining habitat suitability of Asiatic black bear, common leopard, and musk deer, whereas the distance to water was the most important variable determining habitat suitability of snow leopard. Asiatic black bears, common leopards, and musk deer face significant anthropogenic impacts, but snow leopards face some anthropogenic impacts.

Conclusion
Managing these animals’ habitats inside and outside protected areas is essential. Hence, biodiversity conservation and livelihood opportunities should be balanced in the Himalayas on a win-win basis.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG antibody among COVID-19 vaccinated individuals residing in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Megasari Ni Luh Ayu , Yamani Laura Navika , Juniastuti Juniastuti , Lusida Maria Inge , Mori Yasuko 
Published: September 2023

Background
To limit the SARS-CoV-2 transmission, the Indonesian government launched a COVID-19 vaccination program in January 2021. Studies on the clinical treatment and implementation of COVID-19 vaccination have shown promising results; however, it is necessary to estimate the effectiveness of the vaccines. With the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, studies have highlighted the impact of COVID-19 vaccines, especially CoronaVac, on Indonesian healthcare workers. To get a better picture of how the vaccines work in Indonesia, it is necessary to estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 anti-S IgG antibody induced by the COVID-19 vaccine in individuals who have already received two-to-three doses of vaccines.

Materials and Methods
Four-hundred and ninety-six whole-blood samples were collected from participants residing in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, who received a minimum of a two-dose COVID-19 vaccine. Serums were then isolated from the blood and subjected to detect SARS-CoV-2 anti-S IgG antibodies using a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay.

Results
The prevalence of positive anti-S-IgG antibodies was 91.7% (455/496) in all participants receiving a minimum of a two-dose COVID-19 vaccine. As many as 209 (85.3%) and 141 (96.6%) participants were seropositive for receiving CoronaVac and AstraZeneca, respectively. Meanwhile, all participants receiving two-dose CoronaVac with one booster dose of Moderna (105/100%) were seropositive (p < 0.05). Age, comorbidity, and time after the last vaccine were significantly correlated with seropositivity (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Different vaccines might produce different antibody responses. Adopting a stronger policy regarding the administration of booster doses might be beneficial to elicit positive anti-S-IgG antibodies, especially among older individuals, those with comorbid diseases, and those with a longer time after the second vaccination dose.
Estimates of Genetic Parameters for Yield Attributing Characters in Restorer Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Vinay Ippa , Shivani D. , Senguttuvel P. , Barbadikar Kalyani M. 
Published: September 2023

The present investigation was conducted to study the genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis for eight yield and yield attributing traits in 47 (40 improved parental lines + 7 checks) lines of rice. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among all the treatments under study. High values of PCV and GCV were recorded for traits like number of filled grains per panicle and single plant yield while moderate PCV and GCV recorded for plant height, number of productive tillers per plant, spikelet fertility and 1000 grain weight. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for the traits namely number of filled grains per panicle, plant height and single plant yield. The traits viz., productive tillers per plant, panicle length, number of filled grains per panicle, spikelet fertility % and 1000-grain weight exhibited significant and positive association with single plant yield. Number of filled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, number of productive tillers per plant, plant height and panicle length exhibited positive direct effect on single plant yield indicating that direct selection for these traits would lead to improvement in single plant yield.
Transition of masonry technology and stone processing in the stone wall of Kagoshima Castle Honmaru
Authors: Hamada Shinichi , Hitsumoto Satoko , Nagatoshi Haruki , Fumoto Kazuyoshi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRegarding the stone wall of Kagoshima Castle, the situation after the fire in 1696 (Genroku9) has been clarified to some extent, but there are many unclear points about the situation before 1696. Therefore, in this paper, we will conduct a field survey on the stone wall around the main enclosure, which is the center of Kagoshima Castle, and analyze and consider the processing technology and masonry technology of the stone material. Furthermore, the chronology of the stone wall will be clarified based on drawings and old photographs.
Longitudinal serum neurofilament light kinetics in post‐anoxic encephalopathy
Authors: Disanto Giulio , Villa Michele , Maleska Maceski Aleksandra , Prosperetti Chiara , Gobbi Claudio , Kuhle Jens , Cassina Tiziano , Agazzi Pamela 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSerum neurofilament light (sNfL) is a promising marker of outcome after cardiac arrest, but its kinetics are unclear. We prospectively measured sNfL concentrations in 62 patients at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days after cardiac arrest. Survivors and non‐survivors had similar sNfL at admission (14.2 [8.6–21.9] vs. 22.5 [14.2–46.9] pg/mL) but largely different at 24 h (16.4 [10.2–293] vs. 464.3 [151.8–1658.2], respectively). The AUC for sNfL concentrations predicting death was above 0.95 from Day 1 to 10 (highest on Day 3). Late sNfL measurements may exert prognostic value, especially when early samples are unavailable or prognosis remains unclear.
Brain olfactory‐related atrophy in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder
Authors: Woo Kyung Ah , Kim Heejung , Yoon Eun Jin , Shin Jung Hwan , Nam Hyunwoo , Jeon Beomseok , Kim Yu Kyeong , Lee Jee‐Young 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate structural and functional connectivity changes in brain olfactory‐related structures in a longitudinal prospective cohort of isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) and their clinical correlations, longitudinal evolution, and predictive values for phenoconversion to overt synucleinopathies, especially Lewy body diseases.MethodsThe cohort included polysomnography‐confirmed iRBD patients and controls. Participants underwent baseline assessments including olfactory tests, neuropsychological evaluations, the Movement Disorders Society–Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, 3T brain MRI, and 18F‐FP‐CIT PET scans. Voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) was performed to identify regions of atrophy in iRBD, and volumes of relevant olfactory‐related regions of interest (ROI) were estimated. Subgroups of patients underwent repeated volumetric MRI and resting‐state functional MRI (fMRI) scans after four years.ResultsA total of 51 iRBD patients were included, with 20 of them converting to synucleinopathy (mean time to conversion 3.08 years). Baseline VBM analysis revealed atrophy in the right olfactory cortex and gyrus rectus in iRBD. Subsequent ROI comparisons with controls showed atrophy in the amygdala. These olfactory‐related atrophies tended to be associated with worse depression, anxiety, and urinary problems in iRBD. Amygdala 18F‐FP‐CIT uptake tended to be reduced in iRBD patients with hyposmia (nonsignificant after multiple comparison correction) and correlated with urinary problems. Resting‐state fMRI of 23 patients and 32 controls revealed multiple clusters with aberrant olfactory‐related functional connectivity. Hypoconnectivity between the putamen and olfactory cortex was associated with mild parkinsonian signs in iRBD. Longitudinal analysis of volumetric volumetric MRI in 22 iRBD patients demonstrated four‐year progression of olfactory‐related atrophy. Cox regression analysis revealed that this atrophy significantly predicted phenoconversion.InterpretationProgressive atrophy of central olfactory structures may be a potential indicator of Lewy body disease progression in iRBD.
Strict blood pressure control following thrombectomy is associated with neuronal injury and poor functional outcome
Authors: Hahn Marianne , Hayani Eyad , Bitar Lynn , Gröschel Sonja , Steffen Falk , Protopapa Maria , Othman Ahmed , Bittner Stefan , Zipp Frauke , Gröschel Klaus , Uphaus Timo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveMechanical thrombectomy (MT) has become standard treatment in acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, optimal blood pressure (BP) management following successful recanalization remains unclear. We aim to investigate the association of strictly achieving BP targets of ≤160/90 mmHg with the extent of neuronal loss and functional outcome.MethodsIn patients prospectively enrolled in the Gutenberg‐Stroke‐Study (May 2018–November 2019), BP was measured half‐hourly for 24 h following MT. Based on achieving BP target of ≤160/90 mmHg, patients with successful recanalization of LVO were divided into “low‐BP” group (BP ≤ 160/90 mmHg) or “high‐BP” group (BP > 160/90 mmHg). Neuronal loss was quantified by serum‐based measurement of neurofilament light chain (sNfL) after three days. BP groups and association of BP parameters with sNfL were investigated by correlation analyses and multiple regression modeling.ResultsOf 253 enrolled patients (mean age 73.1 ± 12.9 years, 53.4% female), 165 met inclusion criteria. 21.2% (n = 35) strictly achieved “low‐BP” target. “low‐BP” was associated with unfavorable functional outcome at 90‐day follow‐up (aOR [95%CI]: 5.88 [1.88–18.32], p = 0.002) and decreased health‐related quality of life (mean EQ‐5D‐index 0.45 ± 0.28 vs 0.63 ± 0.31, p = 0.009). sNfL levels were increased in “low‐BP” patients (median [IQR] 239.7 [168.4–303.4] vs 118.8 [52.5–220.5] pg/mL, p = 0.026). Hypotensive episodes were more frequent in the “low‐BP” group (48.6% vs 29.2%, p = 0.031). sNfL level could identify patients who had experienced hypotensive episodes with high discriminative ability (AUC [95%CI]: 0.68 [0.56–0.78], p = 0.007).InterpretationStrict BP control (≤160/90 mmHg) within 24 h following successful recanalization of LVO by MT is associated with increased neuronal injury, displayed by higher sNfL levels, and poorer functional outcome, potentially indicating hypotension‐induced neuronal loss during post‐MT phase.
Security‐based fault detection filtering design for fuzzy singular semi‐Markovian jump systems via improved dynamic event‐triggering and quantization protocols
Authors: Kong Linghuan , Luo Mengzhuo , Cheng Jun , Katib Iyad , Shi Kaibo , Zhong Shouming 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThis article concerns the problem of event‐protocol‐based asynchronous fault detection filtering design for discrete‐time fuzzy singular semi‐Markovian jump systems subjected to system parameters uncertainties, unmatched one‐sided Lipschitz nonlinearities and multi‐cyber‐attacks. First, a well‐designed model structure is proposed to integrate two dynamic quantizers and an improved dynamic event‐triggered protocol into a unified framework to reduce the amount of data in the network transmission and rationalize the use of limited network communication bandwidth resources. Especially, the event‐triggering threshold parameter can be continuously adjusted over the time based on the fluctuation of the network signal. Second, a novel triple‐cyber‐attacks platform is established, of which including random deception attacks, random replay attacks and aperiodic DoS attacks. And with help of the extended decoupling strategy and iterative techniques, the co‐design conditions of the stochastic admissibility with a level of performance are derived for the fault filtering error systems. Finally, two examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
Highly Reversible Zinc‐Air Batteries at −40 °C Enabled by Anion‐Mediated Biomimetic Fat
Authors: Deng Danni , Wu Jiao , Feng Qingguo , Zhao Xin , Liu Mengjie , Bai Yu , Wang Jinxian , Zheng Xinran , Jiang Jiabi , Zhuang Zechao , Xiong Xiang , Wang Dingsheng , Lei Yongpeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe wide application of portable electrical equipment, aerial vehicles, smart robotics, etc. has boosted the development of advanced batteries with safety, high energy density, and environmental adaptability. Inspired by the fat layer on animal bodies, biomimetic fat is constructed as electrolytes of solid‐state zinc‐air batteries to achieve excellent cycling performance at low temperatures. Via tailored anion‐H2O interaction, the antifreezing gel electrolytes, with the multi‐performance of interface compatibility, temperature adaptability, and stable power supply simultaneously, build robust Zn|electrolyte interface, thus promoting uniform interfacial electric fields and Zn deposition. Excellent long‐term cyclability of 120 h at a high current density of 50 mA cm−2 are exhibited at 25 °C. Moreover, at −40 °C, a record‐long cycling life of 205 h at a current density as large as 10 mA cm−2 is achieved.
Engineering and Controlling Perovskite Emissions via Optical Quasi‐Bound‐States‐in‐the‐Continuum
Authors: Csányi Evelin , Liu Yan , Rezaei Soroosh Daqiqeh , Lee Henry Yit Loong , Tjiptoharsono Febiana , Mahfoud Zackaria , Gorelik Sergey , Zhao Xiaofei , Lim Li Jun , Zhu Di , Wu Jing , Goh Kuan Eng Johnson , Gao Weibo , Tan Zhi‐Kuang , Leggett Graham , Qiu Cheng‐Wei , Dong Zhaogang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetal halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) have emerged as promising materials due to their exceptional photoluminescence (PL) properties. A wide range of applications could benefit from adjustable luminescence properties, while preserving the physical and chemical properties of the PQDs. Therefore, post‐synthesis engineering has gained attention recently, involving the use of ion‐exchange or external stimuli, such as extreme pressure, magnetic and electric fields. Nevertheless, these methods typically suffer from spectrum broadening, intensity quenching or yield multiple bands. Alternatively, photonic antennas can modify the radiative decay channel of perovskites via the Purcell effect, with the largest wavelength shift being 8 nm to date, at an expense of fivefold intensity loss. Here, this work presents an optical nanoantenna array with polarization‐controlled quasi‐bound‐states‐in‐the‐continuum resonances, which can engineer and shift the photoluminescence wavelength over a ≈39 nm range and confers a 21‐fold emission enhancement of FAPbI3 perovskite QDs. The spectrum is engineered in a non‐invasive manner via lithographically defined antennas and the pump laser polarization at ambient conditions. This research provides a path toward advanced optoelectronic devices, such as spectrally tailored quantum emitters and lasers.
Direct Mapping of Cytomechanical Homeostasis Destruction in Osteoarthritis Based on Silicon Nanopillar Array
Authors: Yu Dengjie , Nie Qingbin , Xue Jiangtao , Luo Ruizeng , Xie Shiwang , Chao Shengyu , Wang Engui , Xu Linlin , Shan Yizhu , Liu Zhuo , Li Yusheng , Li Zhou 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint degenerative disease characterized by chronic joint inflammation. The pathogenesis of OA has not been fully elucidated yet. Cartilage erosion is the most significant pathological feature in OA, which is considered the result of cytomechanical homeostasis destruction. The cytomechanical homeostasis is maintained by the dynamic interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix, which can be reflected by cell traction force (CTF). It is critical to assess the CTF to provide a deeper understanding of the cytomechanical homeostasis destruction and progression in OA. In this study, a silicon nanopillar array (Si‐NP) with high spatial resolution and aspect ratio is fabricated to investigate the CTF in response to OA. It is discovered that the CTF is degraded in OA, which is attributed to the F‐actin reorganization induced by the activation of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Si‐NP also shows promising potential as a mechanopharmacological assessment platform for OA drug screening and evaluation.