bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telemedicine Use across Medical Specialties and Diagnoses
Authors: Hsiao Vivian , Chandereng Thevaa , Huebner Jeffrey A. , Kunstman David T. , Flood Grace E. , Tevaarwerk Amye J. , Schneider David F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic rapidly expanded telemedicine scale and scope. As telemedicine becomes routine, understanding how specialty and diagnosis combine with demographics to impact telemedicine use will aid in addressing its current limitations.
Objectives To analyze the relationship between medical specialty, diagnosis, and telemedicine use, and their interplay with patient demographics in determining telemedicine usage patterns.
Methods We extracted encounter and patient data of all adults who scheduled outpatient visits from June 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021 from the electronic health record of an integrated academic health system encompassing a broad range of subspecialties. Extracted variables included medical specialty, primary visit diagnosis, visit modality (video, audio, or in-person), and patient age, sex, self-reported race/ethnicity and 2013 rural–urban continuum code. Six specialties (General Surgery, Family Medicine, Gastroenterology, Oncology, General Internal Medicine, and Psychiatry) ranging from the lowest to the highest quartile of telemedicine use (video and audio) were chosen for analysis. Relative proportions of video, audio, and in-person modalities were compared. We examined diagnoses associated with the most and least frequent telemedicine use within each specialty. Finally, we analyzed associations between patient characteristics and telemedicine modality (video vs. audio/in-person, and video/audio vs. in-person) using a mixed-effects logistic regression model.
Results A total of 2,494,296 encounters occurred during the study period, representing 420,876 unique patients (mean age: 44 years, standard deviation: 24 years, 54% female). Medical diagnoses requiring physical examination or minor procedures were more likely to be conducted in-person. Rural patients were more likely than urban patients to use video telemedicine in General Surgery and Gastroenterology and less likely to use video for all other specialties. Within most specialties, male patients and patients of nonwhite race were overall less likely to use video modality and video/audio telemedicine. In Psychiatry, members of several demographic groups used video telemedicine more commonly than expected, while in other specialties, members of these groups tended to use less telemedicine overall.
Conclusion Medical diagnoses requiring physical examination or minor procedures are more likely to be conducted in-person. Patient characteristics (age, sex, rural vs. urban, race/ethnicity) affect video and video/audio telemedicine use differently depending on medical specialty. These factors contribute to a unique clinical scenario which impacts perceived usefulness and accessibility of telemedicine to providers and patients, and are likely to impact rates of telemedicine adoption.
Fundamental Concepts for Assessment and Interpretation of Wideband Acoustic Immittance Measurements
Authors: AlMakadma Hammam , Kei Joseph , Yeager David , Feeney M. Patrick 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAssessment of middle ear impedance using noninvasive electroacoustic measurements has undergone successive developments since its first clinical application in the 1940s, and gained widespread adoption since the 1970s in the form of 226-Hz tympanometry, and applications in multifrequency tympanometry. More recently, wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) is allowing unprecedented assessments of the middle ear acoustic mechanics thanks to the ability to record responses over a wide range of frequencies. The purpose of this article is to present fundamental concepts for the assessment and interpretation of wideband measures, including a review of acoustic impedance and its relation to the mass, stiffness, and resistance components of the middle ear. Additionally, an understanding of the middle ear transfer function reveals the relationship between impedance and middle-ear gain as a function of frequency. Wideband power absorbance, a WAI measure, quantifies the efficiency of sound conduction through the middle ear over a wide range of frequencies, and can serve as an analogous clinical measure to the transfer function. The interpretation of absorbance measures in ears with or without a conductive condition using absorbance measured at ambient pressure and pressurized conditions (wideband tympanometry) is described using clinical case examples. This article serves as an introduction to the fundamental principles of WAI measurements.
The Importance of High-Frequency Bandwidth on Speech and Language Development in Children: A Review of Patricia Stelmachowicz's Contributions to Pediatric Audiology
Authors: Walker Elizabeth A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe review the literature related to Patricia Stelmachowicz's research in pediatric audiology, specifically focusing on the influence of audibility in language development and acquisition of linguistic rules. Pat Stelmachowicz spent her career increasing our awareness and understanding of children with mild to severe hearing loss who use hearing aids. Using a variety of novel experiments and stimuli, Pat and her colleagues produced a robust body of evidence to support the hypothesis that development moderates the role of frequency bandwidth on speech perception, particularly for fricative sounds. The prolific research that came out of Pat's lab had several important implications for clinical practice. First, her work highlighted that children require access to more high-frequency speech information than adults in the detection and identification of fricatives such as /s/ and /z/. These high-frequency speech sounds are important for morphological and phonological development. Consequently, the limited bandwidth of conventional hearing aids may delay the formation of linguistic rules in these two domains for children with hearing loss. Second, it emphasized the importance of not merely applying adult findings to the clinical decision-making process in pediatric amplification. Clinicians should use evidence-based practices to verify and provide maximum audibility for children who use hearing aids to acquire spoken language.
Sharp, high numerical aperture (NA), nanoimprinted bare pyramid probe for optical mapping
Authors: Zhou Junze , Gashi Arian , Riminucci Fabrizio , Chang Boyce , Barnard Edward , Cabrini Stefano , Weber-Bargioni Alexander , Schwartzberg Adam , Munechika Keiko 
Published: March 2023

The ability to correlate optical hyperspectral mapping and high resolution topographic imaging is critically important to gain deep insight into the structure–function relationship of nanomaterial systems. Scanning near-field optical microscopy can achieve this goal, but at the cost of significant effort in probe fabrication and experimental expertise. To overcome these two limitations, we have developed a low-cost and high-throughput nanoimprinting technique to integrate a sharp pyramid structure on the end facet of a single-mode fiber that can be scanned with a simple tuning-fork technique. The nanoimprinted pyramid has two main features: (1) a large taper angle (∼70°), which determines the far-field confinement at the tip, resulting in a spatial resolution of 275 nm, an effective numerical aperture of 1.06, and (2) a sharp apex with a radius of curvature of ∼20 nm, which enables high resolution topographic imaging. Optical performance is demonstrated through evanescent field distribution mapping of a plasmonic nanogroove sample, followed by hyperspectral photoluminescence mapping of nanocrystals using a fiber-in-fiber-out light coupling mode. Through comparative photoluminescence mapping on 2D monolayers, we also show a threefold improvement in spatial resolution over chemically etched fibers. These results show that the bare nanoimprinted near-field probes provide simple access to spectromicroscopy correlated with high resolution topographic mapping and have the potential to advance reproducible fiber-tip-based scanning near-field microscopy.
Electronically excited states of closed-shell azabenzene and purine anion structures: Is 2 D enough for dipole-bound excited states?
Authors: Santaloci Taylor J. , Fortenberry Ryan C. 
Published: March 2023

Deprotonated azabenzene anions require dipole moments in their corresponding neutral radicals of more than 3.5 D in order to exhibit dipole-bound excited states (DBXSs). This is notably larger than the typical 2.0–2.5 D associated with such behavior. Similar computational analysis on deprotonated purine derivatives also conducted herein only requires the more traditional 2.5 D dipole moment, implying that the single six-membered azabenzene rings have additional factors at play in binding diffuse electrons. The present study also shows that the use of coupled cluster singles and doubles with a double-zeta correlation consistent basis set and additional diffuse functions originating from the center-of-charge for all aspects of the computations decreases the error in predicting DBXSs to less than 0.006 eV at worst and likely less than 0.003 eV for most cases. These results can influence the modeling of molecular spectra beyond fundamental chemical curiosity with application to astrochemistry, solar energy harvesting, and combustion chemistry among others.
Productivity assessment of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) germplasm from Serbia
Authors: Ilić Aleksandra D. , Zorić Miroslav Z. , Živanov Dalibor B. , Medić-Pap Slađana S. , Vasić Mirjana A. 
Published: March 2023

Context In Serbia, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production largely relies on improved commercial cultivars; however, many farmers still grow and maintain landraces. Productivity assessment of common bean landraces from Serbia may enrich knowledge of bean diversity from Western Balkans, Europe and worldwide. Aims The study aims were to describe the underlying structure of a selected set of landraces and commercial cultivars of common bean, identify relatedness of accessions, and determine breeding values. Methods and key results Overall productivity was assessed through main yield components during a 2-year field trial. Average seed yield per plant was 7.9 g, with 1000-seed weight 425 g, 7.4 pods per plant and 22.9 seeds per plant. Accessions were classified according to seed colour and shape, with the Albus group generally showing highest productivity traits. Phenotypic and genotypic variability of the selected set was previously determined. Principal component analysis was used to assess bean germplasm structure, revealing subdivisions partially according to gene pool (Mesoamerican or Andean), evident through the existence of one larger Andean group. Relatedness of genotypes was assessed by hierarchical cluster analysis. Additional variation concentrated within the Andean gene pool was detected. Positive correlations were observed among numbers of pods and seeds per plant, yield per plant and plant height. According to the Mantel test, positive associations were observed among productivity trait distance, genetic distance and descriptive trait distance. Conclusions Substantial variation in productivity was observed for bean landraces, with differences among gene pools and seed forms, revealing their agronomic value. Acknowledged structure of agronomic traits and recognised stratification will assist in multilevel organisation of common bean breeding programs. Implications Combined information on phenotypic, genotypic and productivity value should benefit selection of promising parental lines associating good agronomic performance with sufficient variability, according to consumer preferences.
From a war of defense to conventional wars
Authors: Tang Ping , Sun Yi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The present longitudinal study investigates how the entailments of war metaphors evolve in different
stages of COVID-19 containment in China using data from three documentaries made by Xinhua News Agency. A social semiotic model of
multimodal metaphor analysis is adopted to analyze the military metaphors systematically in terms of semantic choice, multimodal
realization, and context. The war framing is found as the pivotal rhetoric to conceptualize China’s response toward
COVID-19 but distinctive features are attributed over time with a focus shifting from the “inevitability” in the initial stage to
societal reactions in the later stage. In addition, socio-cultural factors embodied in multimodality not only efficiently guide
the public to reason about the situation but also socialize the population to self-disciplining for the sake of everyone’s
interest.
Move in a crowd
Authors: Li Heng , Cao Yu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
When spatializing time, individuals can either say that they walk towards the future as though time is a
stationary landscape (called ego-moving perspective), or that the future time moves towards them (called time-moving perspective).
A substantial body of experimental research has shown that people’s adoption of these two temporal perspectives may be malleable,
influenced by a broad set of factors. In the current research, we examined the novel possibility that the mere crowdedness of the
environment can influence people’s abstract thinking about time. We contended that exposure to the crowd may be linked to
increased anxiety, which can in turn lead to a greater preference for the time-moving perspective in the resolution of temporal
ambiguity. Two experiments found that social crowding, whether induced via a visualization task or through an assignment to a
crowded workstation, was sufficient to alter participants’ perspectives on the movement of events in time. Further, we found that
anxiety mediated the relationship between crowdedness and temporal reasoning. Taken together, these results offer unique insights
into the cognitive consequences of social crowding and provide a more complete understanding of how people adduce temporal
relationship.
Identification of metadiscourse markers in bachelor’s degree theses in Spanish
Authors: Míguez-Álvarez Carla , Varela Luis G. , Cuevas-Alonso Miguel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article introduces a text mining tool that can automatically extract information using Hyland’s analysis
model as a theoretical framework to analyse the use and characteristics of metadiscourse in large quantities of academic texts. To
verify its validity, we present the results obtained using this tool on various bachelor’s degree theses with a particular focus
on the field of engineering. Our results on a 6.9 million-word corpus extracted from 680 bachelor’s theses available online show
that interactive metadiscourse markers are prevalent in engineering bachelor’s theses as well as in the authors’ metadiscourse
patterns. In addition, we compared our results with previous research on metadiscourse markers. Our study can be used to identify
the usage of various types of metadiscourse markers during the production of texts and for the development of software
applications involving quantitative linguistic methods for the production of academic texts.
Multicomponent recreational team handball training improves global health status in postmenopausal women at the long term – A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Pereira Rita , Krustrup Peter , Castagna Carlo , Coelho Eduardo , Helge Eva Wulff , Jørgensen Niklas Rye , Vila‐Chã Carolina , Martins Sandra , Guimarães João Tiago , Magalhães José , Póvoas Susana 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTWe studied the long‐term effects of a multicomponent exercise training protocol (recreational team handball training, RTH) on global health status in inactive postmenopausal women. Participants (n = 45; age 65 ± 6 years, stature 157 ± 6 cm, body mass 66.2 ± 9.4 kg, fat mass 41.4 ± 5.5%, VO2peak 25.7 ± 3.6 mL/min/kg) were randomised into a control group (CG; n = 14) and a multicomponent exercise training group (EXG; n = 31, performing two to three weekly 60‐min RTH sessions). Attendance was 2.0 ± 0.4 sessions/week (first 16 weeks) and 1.4 ± 0.5 (following 20 weeks) and mean heart rate (HR) loading was 77 and 79% of maximal HR (p = .002) for the first 16 and the following 20 weeks, respectively. Cardiovascular, bone, metabolic health, body composition and physical fitness markers were evaluated at baseline, and after 16 and 36 weeks. An interaction (p ≤ .046) was shown for the 2‐h oral glucose tolerance test, HDL, Yo‐Yo intermittent endurance level 1 test (YYIE1) and knee strength, in favour of EXG. At 36 weeks, YYIE1 and knee strength were higher (p ≤ .038) for EXG vs CG. Also, within‐group improvements (p ≤ .043) were observed after 36 weeks for EXG in VO2peak, lumbar spine bone mineral density, lumbar spine bone mineral content, P1NP, osteocalcin, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, body mass, android fat mass, YYIE1, knee strength, handgrip strength and postural balance. At 36 comparatively to 16 weeks, EXG showed an increase (p ≤ .036) in fasting blood glucose, HDL, knee strength and handgrip strength, and a decrease (p ≤ .025) in LDL. Collectively, this multicomponent exercise training (RTH) induces beneficial changes in global health status in postmenopausal women.
TALIF at H− ion sources for the determination of the density and EDF of atomic hydrogen
Authors: Merk F , Wimmer C , Briefi S , Fantz U 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The production of H− ions in negative ion sources relevant for particle accelerator facilities and neutral beam injection systems is based predominantly on the surface conversion of H atoms at a low work function surface covered with caesium (the plasma grid (PG)). Therefore, the H atom density n
H and energy distribution function (EDF) close to the PG determine the amount of surface produced H− ions. As a direct method for the density and EDF determination, two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence (TALIF) on H atoms was implemented at the ion source of the teststand BATMAN Upgrade (BUG) being the first time that this was accomplished at an H− ion source. Several challenges had to be overcome concerning the application of the diagnostic at the complex facility and the evaluation of the fluorescence signals against a bright H

α

background. The observed line profiles suggest a Maxwellian EDF with an H atom temperature of

(
2000
±
500
)

K. The presence of highly energetic H atoms (measured by optical emission spectroscopy, (OES)) could not be resolved by the TALIF system due to the insufficient signal-to-noise ratio. Atomic densities were measured for H2 and D2 plasmas for varying ion source parameters at BUG resulting in values between

3
×

10

18

m−3 and

1.1
×

10

19

m−3 for hydrogen. For the operation with deuterium,

30
%

higher atomic densities are observed for similar ion source parameters which agree well with the previous results obtained with OES.
Physics-separating artificial neural networks for predicting sputtering and thin film deposition of AlN in Ar/N2 discharges on experimental timescales
Authors: Gergs Tobias , Mussenbrock Thomas , Trieschmann Jan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Understanding and modeling plasma–surface interactions frame a multi-scale as well as multi-physics problem. Scale-bridging machine learning surface surrogate models have been demonstrated to perceive the fundamental atomic fidelity for the physical vapor deposition of pure metals. However, the immense computational cost of the data-generating simulations render a practical application with predictions on relevant timescales impracticable. This issue is resolved in this work for the sputter deposition of AlN in Ar/N2 discharges by developing a scheme that populates the parameter spaces effectively. Hybrid reactive molecular dynamics/time-stamped force-bias Monte Carlo simulations of randomized plasma-surface interactions/diffusion processes are used to setup a physics-separating artificial neural network. The application of this generic machine learning model to a specific experimental reference case study enables the systematic analysis of the particle flux emission as well as underlying system state (e.g. composition, density, point defect structure) evolution within process times of up to 45 min.
3D phase-field simulations to machine-learn 3D information from 2D micrographs
Authors: Jiang Yuxun , Ali Muhammad Adil , Roslyakova Irina , Bürger David , Eggeler Gunther , Steinbach Ingo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A novel approach is developed to support retrieval of 3D information from 2D experimental micrographs. The approach utilizes 3D phase-field simulations to train an artificial intelligence machine. In a first step, the phase-field simulations have to be validated to reproduce microstructural features which characterize elementary processes which govern processing and high temperature service exposure. The qualified 3D simulation setup is then applied to produce a high number of 2D simulated micrographs by automated sectioning. These simulated micrographs are then used to train a gradient boosting regression model together with the 3D information from the simulations. In the final step, the model is applied to 2D experimental micrographs to retrieve the hidden 3D features. The approach is generally applicable to all kinds of metallic materials, minerals or ceramics which can be treated quantitatively by phase-field simulations. In this paper we concentrate on the process of directional coarsening, referred to as ‘rafting’, in the field of creep of single crystal Ni-base superalloys. The experimental and modeling aspects of the evolution of the volume fraction of the

γ

′

phase during long term creep are discussed.
Fault diagnosis of EHA with few-shot data augmentation technique
Authors: Chen Huanguo , Miao Xu , Mao Wentao , Zhao Shoujun , Yang Gaopeng , Bo Yan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As an emerging object in aerospace actuators, electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) has the advantages of heavy load capacity and high reliability. An EHA fault diagnosis method based on a few-shot data augmentation technique is proposed to diagnose and isolate possible faults. The sensitive parameters of typical failure modes are demonstrated based on the mathematical model of EHA. By converting multi-dimensional experimental data into two-dimensional grayscale data and extracting local features, the time series characteristics and correlation between different signals can be highlighted. The Wasserstein deep convolutional generative adversarial network (WDCGAN) is used to enhance the EHA small sample data. The diagnostic model WDCGAN-stacked denoised auto encoder (SDAE) combined with WDCGAN and SDAE is proposed to differentiate between multiple types of EHA failures. Compared with the five commonly used fault classification methods, the proposed method can effectively identify the typical fault modes of EHA, with the highest accuracy of fault classification and strong feature extraction ability.