bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Using Manufacturer-recommended Exposure Times to Photo-activate Bulk-fill and Conventional Resin-based Composites
Authors: Barcelos LM , Braga SSL , Pereira RAS , Price RB , Soares CJ 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARY

Objectives
To analyze the effect of using the resin-based composite manufacturer’s recommended exposure time on the degree of conversion (DC), Knoop hardness (KH), and elastic modulus (E) of conventional and bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs).

Methods
Three resin-based composites (RBCs) were tested: Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TET), Opus Bulk Fill APS (OPU), and RBC Vittra APS (VIT). They were photo-activated in 2 mm deep, 6 mm diameter molds for their recommended exposure times of 10 seconds, 20 seconds, or 40 seconds from four light-curing units (LCUs). Two delivered a single emission peak in the blue light region (Optilight Max and Radii-Cal) and two delivered multiple emission peaks in the violet and blue region (VALO Cordless and Bluephase G2). After 24 hours of dry storage at 37°C in the dark, the KH (Kgf/mm2), E (MPa) and DC (%) at the top and bottom surfaces of specimens (n=5) were measured and the results analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a Tukey test (α=0.05).

Results
The irradiance (mW/cm2) and spectral irradiance (mW/cm2/nm) from the LCUs were reduced significantly (8–35%) after passing through 2.0 mm of RBC (p&lt;0.001). The DC at the bottom of VIT and TET was less than at the top surface (p&lt;0.001). OPU had the same DC at the top and bottom surface (p=0.341). The KH and E values at the top surface of VIT and TET were substantially higher than at the bottom (p&lt;0.001). OPU exposed for 40 seconds achieved higher mechanical properties than TET that was photo-activated for 10 seconds (p&lt;0.001). The opacity of different bulk-fill RBCs changed differently during the polymerization; OPU became more opaque, whereas TET became more transparent. When exposed for their recommended times, the 2 mm thick RBCs that used Ivocerin or the APS photoinitiator system were adequately photo-activated using either the single or multiple emission peak LCUs (p=0.341).

Conclusion
After 24 hours’ storage, all the 2 mm thick RBCs photo-cured in 6 mm diameter molds achieved a bottom-to-top hardness ratio of at least 80% when their recommended exposure times were used. TET, when photo-activated for 10 seconds, achieved lower mechanical properties than OPU that had been photo-activated for 40 seconds. The change in opacity of the RBCs was different during photo-activation.
Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat Menghadapi Bencana Abrasi Pantai di Gampong Kedai Palak Kerambil
Authors: Yulianti Fitriani , Zulfan Zulfan , Zalmita Novia , Irawan Listyo Yudha , Diah Husna 
Published: March 2023

Kesiapsiagaan merupakan mekanisme penanggulangan bencana, serta sebagai upaya untuk antisipasi dan pengurangan akibat terjadinya resiko bencana. Abrasi pantai merupakan bencana alam yang mengancam kondisi pesisir, garis pantai sehingga mundur kebelakang, merusak tambak dan mengancam bangunan-bangunan yang berbatasan langsung dengan air laut. Pemanasan global memicu naiknya muka air laut dan perubahan kecepatan angin pada keadaan tertentu yang mampu menyebabkan badai dan terjadinya gelombang ekstrim di lautan. Berdasarkan data Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Aceh pada Tahun 2019 sekitar 18 rumah warga Gampon Palak Kerambil terkena dampak abrasi pantai yang terjadi di wiayah pesisir. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini bagaimana kesiapsiagaan masyarakat dalam menghadapi bencana abrasi pantai di gampong kedai palak kerambil Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kesiapsiagaan masyarakat dalam menghadapi abrasi pantai yang terjadi di Gampong Palak Kerambil. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan angket. Analisis data menggunakan rumus statistik sederhana dan sisitem penilaian menggunakan skala guttman dari. Dari hasil pengolahan data didapatkan nilai tertinggi 93,33% dari 48 responden yang menjawab Ya, dan 6,67% menjawab Tidak. Berdasarkan data maka disimpulkan pada umumnya masayarakat di Gampong Kedai Palak Kerambil telah memiliki kesiapsiagaan menghadapi bencana abrasi pantai.
PEMOTONGAN PADA FASE VEGETATIF DALAM BUDIDAYA PADI MENUNJANG KETAHANAN PANGAN
Authors: Jamilah Jamilah , Winengsih Firda , Ernita Milda 
Published: March 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur dan tinggi pemotongan pada fase vegetatif terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) dan analisis usahatani. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 4 bulan pada tahun 2019 di Kampung Jua, Kelurahan Kampung Jua Nan XX, Kecamatan Lubuk Begalung, Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan jarak tanam 25 cm x 25 cm pada luas petak 2 x 2 m, dengan 7 perlakuan yang terdiri dari; tidak dipotong , dipotong saat umur 35 hst dan tinggi potong mulai 5 cm, 10 cm, dan 15 cm. Potong saat umur 45 hst mulai dari tinggi potong 5 cm, 10 cm, dan 15 cm dengan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 21 plot percobaan. Data diambil secara acak lengkap apabila berpengaruh nyata maka akan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT pada taraf nyata 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik adalah pemotongan tanaman padi IR42, yang dilakukan saat 45 hst setinggi 5 cm di atas permukaan tanah mampu menghasilkan 23 t ha-1 HPT dan 5,73 t ha-1 GKG, dengan penghasilan bersih sebesar 46,45 juta rupiah untuk 1 kali panen atau 11,6 juta rupiah per bulan.
Analisis Rekayasa Kualitas Produk Peralatan Kesehatan dengan Pendekatan DMAIC Metode Six Sigma Studi Kasus CV Nuri Teknik
Authors: Ibrahim Nurwan Tjadis , Putro Bramantiyo Eko , Sutoni Akhmad 
Published: March 2023

CV Nuri Teknik adalah perusahaan manufaktur peralatan rumah sakit dan medis yang beroperasi dengan produk seperti tempat tidur, meja, kabinet, matras, strecter dan lain sebagainya. Sebagai perusahaan manufaktur yang memproduksi secara masal akan menghasilkan produk cacat/produk reject yang terjadi pada saat produksi. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengendalian kualitas, menganalisis tingkat produk cacat dan memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan. Data yang digunakan adalah data produk yang tidak sesuai pada tahun 2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode DMAIC dengan 5 tahapan analisis define, measure, analyze, improvement dan control. Pendekatan six sigma adalah alat untuk mengendalikan dan penurunan kegagalan produksi atau produk cacat yang dihasilkan oleh proses produksi. Level sigma yang didapat dari produk Hospital bed, Instrument trolly, Instrument Cabinet, Foot step, Examination table, dan Overbed table berada dalam level 4 sigma artinya tingkat produk cacat yang dihasilkan kurang sekitar 0,621% dari produksi yang dilakukan. Penyebab yang menghasilkan tingkat produk cacat pada tahun 2019 adalah human error. Perbaikan yang dilakukan antara lain proses pengawasan, melakukan ketegasan dan pelatihan terhadap karyawan, penyesuaian pengangkutan dan perlakuan terhadap bahan baku, dan penyesuaian jumlah produk dengan kapasitas penyimpanan.
The East Serbian Carpathians: Toward Its Definition, Delineation, and Relation to The South Carpathians
Authors: Gaudenyi Tivadar , Milošević Marko V. 
Published: March 2023

The East Serbian Carpathians (Karpati istočne Srbije) represents the southern segment of the South Carpathians. The South Carpathians are consisting of three main segments: the Banat Mts., the Transylvanian Alps and the East Serbian Carpathians. The East Serbian Carpathians defined by the Alpine kinematics. In the terms of East Serbian orography we can be described as in between the Danube on the north, Velika Morava River in the west, in the east it terminates till the Moesian Plain and the Stara Planina, while the fault line in the Timok and the Nišava rivers valley manifested as its south boundary. The East Serbian Carpathians represent the mountains system which encompasses the Homolje Mts. system, the Beljanica, the Kučaj Mts. system, the Rtanj group, the Ozren group and the Deli Jovan group. Its denomination has been changed to the East Serbian Carpathians of previous term Serbian Carpathians. It was useful because the Vršac Mts. which is in Serbia and belongs to the Banat Mts. are an integral part of the South Carpathians also. In purpose to have more accurate term we create a regional geographic term (East Serbian Carpathians) from the more-less political term (Serbian Carpathians) in case of its denomination.
Pengaruh Aplikasi SeTARA Daring Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Program Kesetaraan Paket C di SPNF SKB Kota Malang
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Widianto Edi 
Published: March 2023

SPNF SKB Kota Malang merupakan salah satu satuan pendidikan nonformal yang terdapat program pendidikan kesetaraan salah satunya adalah Paket C. Pendidikan kesetaraan Paket C memanfaatkan media pembelajaran yaitu aplikasi seTARA daring. Penting adanya motivasi belajar pada peserta didik yang mana dapat menumbuhkan semangat dan keinginan yang besar untuk melakukan kegiatan belajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendiskripsikan motivasi belajar Paket C, mendeskripsikan aplikasi seTARA daring serta menganalisis apakah terdapat pengaruh antara seTARA daring dengan motivasi belajar Paket C. Kuantitatif merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Adapun populasi yang berjumlah 88 orang yang merupakan peserta didik Paket C di SPNF SKB Kota Malang. Penentuan jumlah sampel dengan cara propotional stratified random sampling. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil bahwa aplikasi seTARA daring mempengaruhi secara positif terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik Paket C yakni sebesar 50,9% dan memiliki kategori sedang. Dari penjelasan tersebut, dapat ditarik kesimpulan semakin tinggi kualitas konten pada aplikasi seTARA daring, maka semakin meningkat pula motivasi belajar pada peserta didik program kesetaraan Paket C di SPNF SKB Kota Malang.
Pengaruh Pembuatan Tikar Pandan Bermotif Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Para Ibu Rumah Tangga Di Batubara
Authors: Riswana Anisa , Rosdiana Rosdiana 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui Adakah pengaruh pembuatan tikar pandan bermotif terhadap peningkatan pendapatan para ibu rumah tangga di Batubara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan dalam pembuatan tikar pandan bermotif terhadap peningkatan pendapatan para ibu rumah tangga di Batubara. Adapun besar pengaruhnya yaitu 92.8 % sedangkan 7,2 % lainnya disumbangkan oleh variabel lain di luar penelitian, dengan kata lain pendapatan para ibu rumah tangga di Batubara yang bekerja sebagai pengrajin anyaman tikar meningkat atau bertambah dari biasanya yang hanya menjual tikar polos tanpa warna adan tanpa motif.
Relating Onset of Health Conditions to Changes in Tobacco/Nicotine Use — Analyses based on the U.S. PATH Study *
Authors: Lee Peter N. , Fry John S. 
Published: March 2023

1.
SUMMARY

Introduction
Evidence is limited on how the onset of health conditions affects tobacco/nicotine use. We report analyses from adults in the U.S. PATH study relating changes in established cigarette and/or e-cigarette use between Waves 1 and 4 to onset of conditions in Waves 2 or 3.

Methods
Nine conditions had sufficient onsets for analysis. The main analyses adjusted for sex and age. Additional analyses excluded other tobacco/nicotine product users, controlled for more variables, restricted changes in one product to never users of the other, or restricted attention to changes occurring after onset of the condition.

Results
In the main analyses, onset of each condition predicted significantly increased overall e-cigarette initiation rates, with highest odds ratios (OR) for any major respiratory condition (2.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.10–3.90) and cancer (2.51, 1.52–4.14). Each onset also predicted higher cigarette smoking initiation rates, but ORs were lower than for e-cigarette initiation, and only significant for any cardiovascular condition (1.65, 1.31–2.08), high blood pressure (1.34, 1.13–1.58), and any major smoking-related condition (1.35, 1.12–1.62). For quitting smoking only six conditions showed increased ORs, significant only for high cholesterol (1.29, 1.02–1.62). The additional analyses generally confirmed these patterns. Relationships with re-initiating cigarettes or becoming dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes were inconsistent. Onset of conditions also tended to reduce amount smoked by smokers.

Conclusions
While PATH is nationally representative, its sample size does not always allow precise estimates. There is concern about accuracy of statements by some older participants claiming to be Wave 1 never smokers but Wave 4 ever smokers. Nevertheless the previously unreported association between onset of the health conditions and e-cigarette initiation (which mainly occurs in Wave 1 cigarette smokers) appears real. [Contrib. Tob. Nicotine Res. 32 (2023) 1–10]
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the erector spinae plane (ESP) block in endovideosurgical hernioplasty inguinal hernias
Authors: Shatalov V. I. , Belolipetskii S. S. , Strogonov A. I. , Shchegolev A. V. , Romashchenko P. N. , Semenov V. V. 
Published: March 2023

The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of the erector spinae plane block (ESP-block) as a component of perioperative analgesia in endovideosurgical hernioplasty of inguinal hernias.Materials and methods. The study included 70 patients who underwent endovideosurgical plastic surgery of inguinal hernias. All patients randomly divided into the main (n=32) and control (n=38) groups, were given general combined anesthesia. In the main group, it was supplemented with the ESP-block, which was performed with ropivacaine at the L1 level. Intraoperatively, fentanyl was used for analgesia. The indication for its introduction was an increase in the Surgical Pleth Index (SPI) of more than 50. In the early postoperative period, ketoprofen and tramadol were used for analgesia, which were administered with the development of moderate and high intensity of the pain. The effectiveness of the ESP-block was evaluated by comparing the total doses of analgesic drugs that were required for analgesia during surgery and in the early postoperative period in patients of both groups.Results. In the main group, the total doses of fentanyl and ketoprofen were statistically significantly lower compared to the control group (p<0.01). After surgery, tramadol was used only in patients of the control group. In some patients of the main group who required analgesia in the early postoperative period (n=15), the pain syndrome developed only 12 hours after the end of the surgery. Their intraoperative need for fentanyl did not differ from other patients of the main group (p>0.05).Conclusion. In endovideosurgical hernioplasty of inguinal hernias, the use of the ESP-block as part of multimodal analgesia contributes to achieving a good level of analgesia both intra- and in the early postoperative period.
Frequency of typical complications of morphine during its intrathecal and epidural introduction in knee arthroplasty
Authors: Sokolov S. V. , Glushchenko V. A. , Mikhnin A. E. 
Published: March 2023

The objective was to compare the efficacy and safety of morphine in neuraxial blocks during knee arthroplasty.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 60 medical histories of patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty for the period from 2017 to 2019 was performed. All patients were operated under general anesthesia with mechanical ventilation in combination with epidural or spinal analgesia with opiates. Patients of the 1st group (n=20) after catheterization of the epidural space at the level of L1–2 were injected with a morphine solution 1% – 0.3 ml epidurally. Patients of the 2nd group (n=20) were injected with a morphine solution 1% – 0.01 ml intrathecally at the level of L3–4. Patients of the 3rd group (n=20) underwent standard combined anesthesia: general anesthesia with mechanical ventilation and epidural analgesia at the level of L1–2 with a solution of 0.2% ropivacaine in the form of an infusion of 6 ml/hour. All patients received infusion of 0.2% solution of ropivacaine epidurally 6 ml/hour at the level of L1–2 in the postoperative period.The incidence of nausea, vomiting, pruritus, headache and the level of postoperative pain syndrome were assessed on a numerical rating scale 6 hours after the end of the surgery.Results. The level of pain syndrome in patients who received intrathecal and epidural analgesia with morphine was equally low, while in patients who received epidural analgesia with ropivacaine, the level of pain syndrome was statistically significantly higher, which required the additional prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and/or narcotic analgesics parenterally. The frequency of nausea, vomiting, pruritus and headaches was maximum in the 2nd group, significantly lower in the 1st, while in the 3rd, pruritus did not occur.Conclusion. The use of morphine in neuraxial block in knee arthroplasty has a positive effect on the quality of anesthesia and postoperative pain relief.
Preoperative pregabalin to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Sahib A. A. , Sasaa M. A.Z. , Alagha M. F.H. 
Published: March 2023

Background. Postoperative laparoscopic cholecystectomy period is often associated with nausea and vomiting, which is stopped by an antiemetics injected intravenously. Meanwhile, it is known that the oral pregabalin before surgery to potentiate the effect of opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications during anesthesia also has an antiemetic effect.The objective was to evaluate the effect of oral pregabalin to reduce the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic cholecystectomy cases.Methods and Materials. Randomized double blind study. One hundred patients of the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) class1 were tested and divided into two groups. The first group did not receive any antiemetics preoperatively. The second group received 75 mg of oral pregabalin 30 minutes before anesthesia. We followed up patients postoperatively in the recovery room and general surgical ward for 24 hours, recorded the incidence of nausea and vomiting, prescription of any antiemetics and developing their side effects. We assessed the risk of developing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting by the use of the Koivuranta score.Results. Statistical analysis using SPSS showed a significant reduction of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the second group (pregabalin) compared with the first group.Conclusion. Preoperative 75 mg of oral pregabalin has antiemetic effect on postoperative time. No significant postoperative side effects were noted.
Opportunities of cerebroprotection in children in cardiac surgery (review of literature)
Authors: Ivkin A. A. , Balakhnin D. G. , Borisenko D. V. , Grigoriev E. V. 
Published: March 2023

The analysis of the literature in the main search scientific systems was carried out to identify the current means of cerebroprotection. The assessment is given both to the familiar methods that have become «traditional» for cardiac surgery (hypothermia, etc.) and pharmacological approaches that are less common in clinical practice: the use of melatonin, ketamine. The characteristics of some drugs that are promising for solving this problem are also given.
Fluctuación del precio del petróleo Brent debido a la guerra entre Rusia y Ucrania
Authors: Diaz Pinzon Jorge Enrique 
Published: March 2023

Introducción: Desde que el 24 de febrero de 2022 se iniciara el conflicto entre Rusia y Ucrania ya se están observando consecuencias económicas a nivel mundial. Una de ellas fue el aumento del precio del petróleo BRENT, que cerró ese 24 de febrero en U$ 99,08. Metodología: El trabajo de investigación se realizó mediante un tipo experimental, para desarrollar la investigación se utilizó la base de datos del precio de cierre del barril del Petróleo Brent, durante el período comprendido entre enero el 2 de enero de 2022 al 3 junio de 2022. Resultados: la prueba t-student para muestras independientes arrojaron una Sig. (bilateral) < a 0,000, por lo tanto, rechazamos Ho y aceptamos Ha, es decir se evidencia que hay diferencias altamente significativas entre los promedios del precio de cierre del petróleo Brent antes y durante el conflicto en Ucrania. Conclusión: El precio del petróleo Brent sigue cautivo de fuertes oscilaciones como consecuencia de la guerra de Rusia en Ucrania. El primer día de la invasión a Ucrania el aumento fue del 2,31% con un precio de cierre del barril de 99,08 USD y cien días después del inicio del conflicto el 3 de junio de 2022 el precio del barril Brent aumento un 20,8%, y cotizó a 119,72 dólares por barril.
Palabras Clave: petróleo Brent, regresión lineal, coeficiente de determinación.
FORMULAS FOR AN EXPLICIT SOLUTION OF THE MODEL NONLOCAL PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITH THE ORDINARY TRANSPORT EQUATION
Authors: Тихонов И.В. , Шон-Тунг В.Н. 
Published: March 2023

Изучается специальная нелокальная задача для многомерного уравнения простого переноса. В качестве дополнительного условия взят интеграл, выражающий среднее по времени. Установлена теорема существования и единственности решения. Показано, что решение находится конструктивно, в явном виде, за конечное число итераций. Разработанный аппарат будет востребован в дальнейших исследованиях нелокальных задач для общего многомерного уравнения переноса.
A specific nonlocal problem for the multidimesional ordinary transport equation is studied. An additional condition for the time averages is given. The theorem of existence and uniqueness of solution is obtained. We show that the solution could be found constructively, explicitly, and in a finite number of iterations.