bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prescribing patterns of statins and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attended at Jugol General Hospital in eastern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nigussie Shambel , Demeke Fekade 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundMost clinical practice guidelines support the use of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, nothing is known about the prescribing patterns of statins at Jugol General Hospital in eastern Ethiopia.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prescribing patterns of statins and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attended at Jugol General Hospital in eastern EthiopiaMethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received follow-up care from 1 June 2017 to 1 June 2022. The study participants were enrolled consecutively using a convenience sampling technique. The data were extracted from patients’ medical records using a data abstraction checklist. The extracted data were entered into EpiData, version 3.1, and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22, for analysis. Associations were considered to be statistically significant at a p-value &lt; 0.05 and presented as adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.ResultThe medical records of 423 patients were reviewed. The review revealed that medical records were complete for 410 of these patients, and these records were included in the analysis. The majority of the study participants were female (72.2%) and between the age of 40 and 65 years (61.2%). All of the study participants were eligible for statin prescription; however, statins were prescribed for only 257 (62.7%) study participants. Of the statins prescribed, moderate-dose-intensity statins were prescribed for 40 (15.6%) participants who were at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Atorvastatin was the most commonly (93.3%) prescribed statin. The presence of hypertension, coronary artery disease, and cerebrovascular events was significantly associated with statin prescribing.ConclusionThe magnitude of prescribing statins for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was low in comparison with the clinical practice guidelines recommendation. This finding is alarming and is a call for action to improve the execution of clinical practice guidelines for the benefit of this high-risk population.
Transesophageal echocardiography-guided percutaneous closure of multiple muscular ventricular septal defects with pulmonary hypertension using single device: A case report
Authors: Siagian Sisca Natalia , Prakoso Radityo , Mendel Brian , Hazami Zakky , Putri Valerinna Yogibuana Swastika , Zulfahmi  , Sakti Damba Dwisepto Aulia , Kuncoro Ario Soeryo 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundSurgery is typically used to correct challenging ventricular septal defects (VSDs), such as VSD with pulmonary hypertension and multiple defects. In this case report, we would like to highlight the feasibility of multiple defects VSD closure with single device percutaneously using zero-fluoroscopy technique.Case presentationA 7-year-old child was referred with the main symptom of shortness of breath. She started experiencing repeated respiratory tract infections, feeding issues, and failure to thrive at the age of six months. Her body weight was only 18 kg. TEE revealed several muscular VSD with 2–3 mm and 12 mm diameters, 3 mm spacing between VSD, L to R shunt, AR (-), and TR mild with septal leaflet tricuspid prolapse. Following right heart catheterization (Qp:Qs 3.5, PVRi 5.23WUmsq, PVR 4.55 WU, PVR/SVR 0.16), we made the decision to correct the defect using an Amplatzer Septal Occluder (AGA) No. 16 mm using transjugular method. Full device deployment was successfully performed with several episodes of PVC storm and severe bradycardia. One and a half years after the procedure, her TVG dropped to only 18 mmHg, her visible indicators of PH subsided, and the PA dilator treatment was discontinued. Her body weight had increased to 28 kg, and she had no complaints.ConclusionsOur experience demonstrated that percutaneous closure of multiple VSD with a single device is possible, even with pulmonary hypertension.
Two-Year clinical outcomes after coronary bifurcation stenting in older patients from Korea and Italy
Authors: Kim Ju Hyeon , Franchin Luca , Hong Soon Jun , Cha Jung-Joon , Lim Subin , Joo Hyung Joon , Park Jae Hyoung , Yu Cheol Woong , Lim Do-Sun , De Filippo Ovidio , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Piroli Francesco , Kim Hyo-Soo , Wanha Wojciech , Choi Ki Hong , Song Young Bin , Patti Giuseppe , Nam Chang-Wook , Bruno Francesco , Kang Jeehoon , Bocchino Pier Paolo , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria , Koo Bon-Kwon , D’Ascenzo Fabrizio 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundOlder patients who treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are at a higher risk of adverse cardiac outcomes. We sought to investigate the clinical impact of bifurcation PCI in older patients from Korea and Italy.MethodsWe selected 5,537 patients who underwent bifurcation PCI from the BIFURCAT (comBined Insights from the Unified RAIN and COBIS bifurcAtion regisTries) database. The primary outcome was a composite of target vessel myocardial infarction, clinically driven target lesion revascularization, and stent thrombosis at two years.ResultsIn patients aged ≥75 years, the mean age was 80.1 ± 4.0 years, 65.2% were men, and 33.7% had diabetes. Older patients more frequently presented with chronic kidney disease (CKD), severe coronary calcification, and left main coronary artery disease (LMCA). During a median follow-up of 2.1 years, older patients showed similar adverse clinical outcomes compared to younger patients (the primary outcome, 5.7% vs. 4.5%; p = 0.21). Advanced age was not an independent predictor of the primary outcome (p = 0.93) in overall patients. Both CKD and LMCA were independent predictors regardless of age group.ConclusionsOlder patients (≥75 years) showed similar clinical outcomes to those of younger patients after bifurcation PCI. Advanced age alone should not deter physicians from performing complex PCIs for bifurcation disease.
Data processing pipeline for cardiogenic shock prediction using machine learning
Authors: Jajcay Nikola , Bezak Branislav , Segev Amitai , Matetzky Shlomi , Jankova Jana , Spartalis Michael , El Tahlawi Mohammad , Guerra Federico , Friebel Julian , Thevathasan Tharusan , Berta Imrich , Pölzl Leo , Nägele Felix , Pogran Edita , Cader F. Aaysha , Jarakovic Milana , Gollmann-Tepeköylü Can , Kollarova Marta , Petrikova Katarina , Tica Otilia , Krychtiuk Konstantin A. , Tavazzi Guido , Skurk Carsten , Huber Kurt , Böhm Allan 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionRecent advances in machine learning provide new possibilities to process and analyse observational patient data to predict patient outcomes. In this paper, we introduce a data processing pipeline for cardiogenic shock (CS) prediction from the MIMIC III database of intensive cardiac care unit patients with acute coronary syndrome. The ability to identify high-risk patients could possibly allow taking pre-emptive measures and thus prevent the development of CS.MethodsWe mainly focus on techniques for the imputation of missing data by generating a pipeline for imputation and comparing the performance of various multivariate imputation algorithms, including k-nearest neighbours, two singular value decomposition (SVD)—based methods, and Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations. After imputation, we select the final subjects and variables from the imputed dataset and showcase the performance of the gradient-boosted framework that uses a tree-based classifier for cardiogenic shock prediction.ResultsWe achieved good classification performance thanks to data cleaning and imputation (cross-validated mean area under the curve 0.805) without hyperparameter optimization.ConclusionWe believe our pre-processing pipeline would prove helpful also for other classification and regression experiments.
A novel nomogram for predicting risk of malnutrition in patients with heart failure
Authors: Liu Jian , Xu Shengjia , Wang Jiurui , Liu Jing , Yan Zeping , Liang Qian , Luan Xiaorong 
Published: March 2023

Background and aimsThis study aimed to explore the risk factors of malnutrition in patients with heart failure and construct a novel nomogram model.Methods and resultsA cross-sectional study based on the STROBE checklist. Patients with heart failure from July 2020 to August 2021 were included. Patients were divided into a malnutrition group and a normal nutrition group based on the Society's recommended AND-ASPEN standard. Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors for malnutrition. A new prediction model of nomogram was constructed based on the risk factors, and its fit and prediction performance were evaluated. Of 433 patients, 66 (15.2%) had malnutrition and 367 (84.8%) had normal nutrition, Logistic regression analyses showed that the risk factors for malnutrition were total protein, hemoglobin, triglyceride, and glucose levels. The regression model based on the above four variables showed an area under the curve of 0.858. The novel nomogram model had a sensitivity of 78.5% and a specificity of 77.3%. After 2000 bootstrap resampling iterations, AUC was 0.852.ConclusionsThe novel nomogram model can predict the odds of malnutrition in patients with heart failure at the early stage of admission, and can provide a reference for nursing staff to optimize nutritional care for inpatient with heart failure and to develop a discharge nutritional care plan.
Social robotics in music education: A systematic review
Authors: Martinez-Roig Rosabel , Cazorla Miguel , Esteve Faubel José María 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionSocial robotics applied to the educational context deals with proposals that start from the present to shape the future of what training in a specific subject can be. On this occasion, the aim is to investigate the connection between the utilization of social robots and the teaching–learning processes that take place within a formal music education environment at any stage of education.MethodsTo carry out this research, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) model served as a reference to perform a systematic review of articles published in two of the most important scientific databases, Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus, since 2015.ResultsA total of four articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria.DiscussionOur findings attest that social robotics still remains a practically unknown topic. Hardly any experiences have been developed in classrooms. In general, it is considered necessary for education, and more specifically for music, not to be left out of the developments in social robotics. This technology, which is increasingly present in various areas of our society, responds to the objective of defining the 21st century, and musical education is part of it.
Correlation analysis of larger side bone cement volume/vertebral body volume ratio with adjacent vertebral compression fractures during vertebroplasty
Authors: Zhou Chengqiang , Huang Shaolong , Liao Yifeng , Chen Han , Zhang Yazhong , Li Hua , Zhu Ziqiang , Wang Yunqing 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation analysis of larger side bone cement volume/vertebral body volume ratio (LSBCV/VBV%) with adjacent vertebral compression fracture (AVCF) in percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF).MethodsA retrospective analysis of 245 OVCF patients who underwent PVP treatment from February 2017 to February 2021, including 85 males and 160 females. The age ranged from 60 to 92 years, with a mean of (70.72 ± 7.03) years. According to whether AVCF occurred after surgery, they were divided into 38 cases in the AVCF group (fracture group) and 207 cases in the no AVCF group (non-fracture group). The correlation between gender, age, bone mineral density (BMD), body mass index (BMI), thoracolumbar segment fracture, bone cement disc leakage, LSBCV, bone cement volume (BCV), VBV, LSBCV/VBV ratio (LSBCV/VBV%), and BCV/VBV% and AVCF were analyzed in both groups. Risk factors for AVCF after PVP were analyzed by multifactorial logistic regression, and then the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC curves) were plotted to identify the critical value of LSBCV/VBV%.Results38 patients (15.5%) developed AVCF postoperatively. Univariate analysis showed that BMD, bone cement disc leakage, LSBCV, and LSBCV/VBV% were risk factors for AVCF after PVP (P&lt;0.05), while gender, age, BMI, thoracolumbar segment fracture, BCV, VBV, and BCV/VBV% were not significantly different in both groups (P&gt;0.05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that BMD, bone cement disc leakage, and LSBCV/VBV% were independent risk factors for AVCF after PVP (P&lt;0.05). According to the ROC curve, the LSBCV/VBV% had an area under the curve of 71.6%, a sensitivity and specificity of 89.5% and 51.7%, respectively, and a critical value of 13.82%.ConclusionBMD, bone cement disc leakage and LSBCV/VBV% are independent risk factors for AVCF after PVP. With LSBCV/VBV at 13.82%, the incidence of AVCF significantly increased.
Integrating single-cell analysis and machine learning to create glycosylation-based gene signature for prognostic prediction of uveal melanoma
Authors: Liu Jianlan , Zhang Pengpeng , Yang Fang , Jiang Keyu , Sun Shiyi , Xia Zhijia , Yao Gang , Tang Jian 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundIncreasing evidence suggests a correlation between glycosylation and the onset of cancer. However, the clinical relevance of glycosylation-related genes (GRGs) in uveal melanoma (UM) is yet to be fully understood. This study aimed to shed light on the impact of GRGs on UM prognosis.MethodsTo identify the most influential genes in UM, we employed the AUCell and WGCNA algorithms. The GRGs signature was established by integrating bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data. UM patients were separated into two groups based on their risk scores, the GCNS_low and GCNS_high groups, and the differences in clinicopathological correlation, functional enrichment, immune response, mutational burden, and immunotherapy between the two groups were examined. The role of the critical gene AUP1 in UM was validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments.ResultsThe GRGs signature was comprised of AUP1, HNMT, PARP8, ARC, ALG5, AKAP13, and ISG20. The GCNS was a significant prognostic factor for UM, and high GCNS correlated with poorer outcomes. Patients with high GCNS displayed heightened immune-related characteristics, such as immune cell infiltration and immune scores. In vitro experiments showed that the knockdown of AUP1 led to a drastic reduction in the viability, proliferation, and invasion capability of UM cells.ConclusionOur gene signature provides an independent predictor of UM patient survival and represents a starting point for further investigation of GRGs in UM. It offers a novel perspective on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of UM.
Removal of endosulfan from water by municipal waste incineration fly ash-based geopolymers: Adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics
Authors: Luttah Isaac , Onunga Daniel O. , Shikuku Victor O. , Otieno Benton , Kowenje Chrispin O. 
Published: March 2023

Alkali-activated municipal waste incineration fly ash (MWFA)-based geopolymers (GPA, GPB, and GPC) were synthesized under different sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide (SS/SH) ratios. The geopolymers were applied in the removal of endosulfan, a persistent and toxic chemical, from water. The adsorbents were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDX, and FTIR. Variation of SS/SH ratios resulted in morphologically distinguishable geopolymers with different compositions. The adsorption equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacities increased with an increase in SS/SH ratios in the order 1.87, 15.89, 16.97, and 20.01 mg/g for MWFA, GPA, GPB, and GPC, respectively. The kinetic data were best described by the pseudo-first-order model wherein the adsorption rate (k1) was independent of the SS/SH ratios and the geopolymer composition. The thermodynamic parameters, that is, enthalpy (∆H &gt; 0), Gibbs free energy (∆G &lt; 0), entropy (∆S &gt; 0), and activation energy (Ea &gt; 0), show that the processes were endothermic, spontaneous, physical (Ea and ∆H &lt; 40 kJ/mol), and entropy-driven. Alkalination was beneficial since the geopolymers had a higher adsorption capacity (∼8–10 times) and affinity for endosulfan (∼30 times) than the precursor material (MWFA). The adsorption mechanism entailed electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The MWFA-based geopolymers are, therefore, potential alternative low-cost adsorbents for the removal of endosulfan from water and a strategy for the valorization of MWFA.
Prenatal diagnosis by trio exome sequencing in fetuses with ultrasound anomalies: A powerful diagnostic tool
Authors: Tran Mau-Them Frédéric , Delanne Julian , Denommé-Pichon Anne-Sophie , Safraou Hana , Bruel Ange-Line , Vitobello Antonio , Garde Aurore , Nambot Sophie , Bourgon Nicolas , Racine Caroline , Sorlin Arthur , Moutton Sébastien , Marle Nathalie , Rousseau Thierry , Sagot Paul , Simon Emmanuel , Vincent-Delorme Catherine , Boute Odile , Colson Cindy , Petit Florence , Legendre Marine , Naudion Sophie , Rooryck Caroline , Prouteau Clément , Colin Estelle , Guichet Agnès , Ziegler Alban , Bonneau Dominique , Morel Godelieve , Fradin Mélanie , Lavillaureix Alinoé , Quelin Chloé , Pasquier Laurent , Odent Sylvie , Vera Gabriella , Goldenberg Alice , Guerrot Anne-Marie , Brehin Anne-Claire , Putoux Audrey , Attia Jocelyne , Abel Carine , Blanchet Patricia , Wells Constance F. , Deiller Caroline , Nizon Mathilde , Mercier Sandra , Vincent Marie , Isidor Bertrand , Amiel Jeanne , Dard Rodolphe , Godin Manon , Gruchy Nicolas , Jeanne Médéric , Schaeffer Elise , Maillard Pierre-Yves , Payet Frédérique , Jacquemont Marie-Line , Francannet Christine , Sigaudy Sabine , Bergot Marine , Tisserant Emilie , Ascencio Marie-Laure , Binquet Christine , Duffourd Yannis , Philippe Christophe , Faivre Laurence , Thauvin-Robinet Christel 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Prenatal ultrasound (US) anomalies are detected in around 5%–10% of pregnancies. In prenatal diagnosis, exome sequencing (ES) diagnostic yield ranges from 6% to 80% depending on the inclusion criteria. We describe the first French national multicenter pilot study aiming to implement ES in prenatal diagnosis following the detection of anomalies on US.Patients and methods: We prospectively performed prenatal trio-ES in 150 fetuses with at least two US anomalies or one US anomaly known to be frequently linked to a genetic disorder. Trio-ES was only performed if the results could influence pregnancy management. Chromosomal microarray (CMA) was performed before or in parallel.Results: A causal diagnosis was identified in 52/150 fetuses (34%) with a median time to diagnosis of 28 days, which rose to 56/150 fetuses (37%) after additional investigation. Sporadic occurrences were identified in 34/56 (60%) fetuses and unfavorable vital and/or neurodevelopmental prognosis was made in 13/56 (24%) fetuses. The overall diagnostic yield was 41% (37/89) with first-line trio-ES versus 31% (19/61) after normal CMA. Trio-ES and CMA were systematically concordant for identification of pathogenic CNV.Conclusion: Trio-ES provided a substantial prenatal diagnostic yield, similar to postnatal diagnosis with a median turnaround of approximately 1 month, supporting its routine implementation during the detection of prenatal US anomalies.
Methodological quality assessment of genetic studies on brain arteriovenous malformation related hemorrhage: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Jiang Junhao , Qin Zhuo , Yan Junxia , Liu Junyu 
Published: March 2023

Objectives: Rupture of a brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) can cause intracranial hemorrhage and severe clinical outcomes. At present, the mechanisms of bAVM-related hemorrhage are poorly understood. This study aimed to summarize the potential genetic risk factors for bAVM-related hemorrhage and appraise the methodological quality of existing genetic studies on bAVM-related hemorrhage using a cross-sectional design.Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on genetic studies associated with bAVM-related hemorrhage published in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Internet, and Wangfang databases, up to November 2022. Subsequently, a cross-sectional study was performed to describe the potential candidate genetic variants of bAVM associated with risk of hemorrhage and to evaluate the methodological quality of the identified studies using the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale and Q-genie tool.Results: Of the 1811 records identified in the initial search, nine studies met the filtering criteria and were included. Twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including IL6 rs1800795, IL17A rs2275913, MMP9 rs9509, VEGFA rs1547651, and EPHB4 rs314353, rs314308, and rs314313, were associated with bAVM-related hemorrhage. However, only 12.5% of the evaluated SNPs showed statistical power&gt; 0.80 (α = 0.05). Methodological quality assessment revealed significant flaws in the designs of the included studies, such as less reliable representativeness of recruited individuals, short follow-up periods in cohort studies, and less comparability between groups of hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic patients.Conclusion:IL1B, IL6, IL17A, APOE, MMP9, VEGFA and EPHB4 were potentially associated with bAVM-related hemorrhage. The methodological designs of the analyzed studies required improvement in order to obtain more reliable results. Regional alliances and rare disease banks need to be established to recruit large numbers of bAVM patients (especially familial and extreme-trait cases) in a multicenter, prospective cohort study with an adequate follow-up period. Furthermore, it is important to use advanced sequencing techniques and efficient measures to filter candidate genetic variants.