bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of workplace spirituality scales
Authors: Pawar Badrinarayan Shankar 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThis paper reviews 18 workplace spirituality scales developed over a period of 23 years from year 2000 to early 2023. The objective is to provide inputs which can guide future researchers in choosing an existing appropriate workplace spirituality scale and in adopting sound scale development procedures for the development of new workplace spirituality scales.Design/methodology/approachThis paper outlines the need for and importance of carrying out a review of workplace spirituality scales. Thereafter, it carries out a review of each of the 18 workplace spirituality scales. It describes 10 overall limitations of the collective set of workplace spirituality scales. Finally, five future research directions are outlined.FindingsThe review indicates that most of the workplace spirituality scales have limitations associated with them. The collective set of workplace spirituality scales also has several overall limitations.Research limitations/implicationsThe review suggests that workplace spirituality researchers need to exercise caution in choosing an appropriate existing workplace spirituality scale for their research. The review also provides directions for the future research for developing more adequate workplace spirituality scales.Practical implicationsThe inputs from this review will contribute to improve the practice of workplace spirituality research.Social implicationsAs workplace spirituality can make organizations more beneficial for employees and the society, this review's contribution to improving workplace spirituality research has an indirect social significance.Originality/valueThis is, to the author's knowledge, the first comprehensive review of 18 workplace spirituality scales developed over a period of 23 years from year 2000 to 2023.
Intuitionistic fuzzy fault tree analysis of PCBA using novel arithmetic operations
Authors: Khajuria Rocky , Komal  
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe main goal of this paper is to develop novel Tω(weakest t-norm)-based fuzzy arithmetic operations to analyze the intuitionistic fuzzy reliability of Printed Circuit Board Assembly (PCBA) using fault tree.Design/methodology/approachThe paper proposes a fuzzy fault tree analysis (FFTA) method for evaluating the intuitionistic fuzzy reliability of any nonrepairable system with uncertain information about failures of system components. This method uses a fault tree for modeling the failure phenomenon of the system, triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TIFNs) to determine data uncertainty, while novel arithmetic operations are adopted to determine the intuitionistic fuzzy reliability of a system under consideration. The proposed arithmetic operations employ Tω(weakest t-norm) to minimize the accumulating phenomenon of fuzziness, whereas the weighted arithmetic mean is employed to determine the membership as well as nonmembership degrees of the intuitionistic fuzzy failure possibility of the nonrepairable system. The usefulness of the proposed method has been illustrated by inspecting the intuitionistic fuzzy failure possibility of the PCBA and comparing the results with five other existing FFTA methods.FindingsThe results show that the proposed FFTA method effectively reduces the accumulating phenomenon of fuzziness and provides optimized degrees of membership and nonmembership for computed intuitionistic fuzzy reliability of a nonrepairable system.Originality/valueThe paper introduces Tω(weakest t-norm) and weighted arithmetic mean based operations for evaluating the intuitionistic fuzzy failure possibility of any nonrepairable system in an uncertain environment using a fault tree.
One needs to be reminded and motivated: mediating role of digital nudging for food waste reduction
Authors: Ong Derek , Chiu Shirley , Andrews Elizabeth , Nadarajan Geetha 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
The global food waste and food scarcity paradox is steadfastly increasing. This study aims to examine the effects of digital nudging as forms of positive and negative reinforcement to change food waste behavior and found that nudging positive reinforcement modifies this habit.

Design/methodology/approach
A field experiment was conducted on 628 diners randomly split into experiment (n = 412) and control group (n = 216) in two separate dining locations over four weeks. Out of these, 412 diners were randomly subjected to tent cards with positive (n = 228) and negative (n = 184) reinforcement nudging and completed a questionnaire to ascertain if nudging affects their consumption behavior. Consumption waste per unit revenue was calculated from all 628 diners individually to analyze the financial impact between control and experiment groups.

Findings
SEM analysis reveals that positive reinforcement mediates between external motivators (social media and restaurant service) and reduction of food waste behavior. Further analysis also reveals that nudging has a higher three times effect on reducing food waste as compared with no nudging (control).

Social implications
Positive messaging encourages behavior change more effectively as compared to negative ones. Gentle reminders of how everyone can personally be a “warrior” or “hero” in the fight against global food waste increases the likelihood of altruistic motivation in tackling these issues.

Originality/value
This study demonstrates how positive reinforcement in the form of nudges acts as key mediator to support reduction of consumer food waste on site, ultimately helping to reduce financial costs compared to those without nudges.
Attunement theory, CEO's cyclical influence on corporate social responsibility and firm value
Authors: Brick Ivan E. , Qiao Yankuo 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to further contribute to the growing stream of literature on the CEO's impact on corporate social responsibility (CSR). The authors shed light on the implications of attunement theory on which relatively less research has been done. Furthermore, this paper strives to reconcile contradictory findings of the effect of CEO tenure on CSR and use the immediate changes of CSR enacted by the new CEO upon firm value.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical strategy of the paper is centered around CEO transition. Applying first difference model, the authors identify a tenure-varying pattern of CEO influence on CSR. Moreover, the authors base the analyses of CSR value relevance on the sudden change of CSR during CEO transition, and use a within-industry matching approach as the inferential strategy. Manual data collection is conducted extensively for robustness checks.FindingsThe authors find that CSR activities change drastically at the beginning of the new CEO's ascendancy. One exception to this general pattern of CSR policy change is when the new CEO is brought from outside the organization, a result supporting the attunement theory. The authors find that firm value increases (decreases) when the new CEO increases (decreases) the CSR investment above (below) the industry norm.Originality/valueThis paper is among the first ones in the extant literature that directly examines the analytical implications of attunement theory concerning the CEO's impact on the firm's CSR policies. Furthermore, the positive association between CSR and firm value corroborates the arguments of instrumental stakeholder theory.
Medicaid expansion associated with no change in emergency department use across racial and ethnic groups
Authors: Hanchate Amresh D. , Strackman Braden W. , Lin Mengyun , Paasche‐Orlow Michael K. , Lasser Karen E. , Cole Megan B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate changes in the emergency department (ED) visit rate, hospitalization share of ED visits, and ED visit volumes associated with Medicaid expansion among Hispanic, Black, and White adults.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsFor the population of adults aged 26–64 with no insurance or Medicaid coverage, we obtained census population and ED visit counts during 2010–2018 in nine expansion and five nonexpansion states.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the annual number of ED visits per 100 adults (“ED rate”). The secondary outcomes were the share of ED visits leading to hospitalization, total number (“volumes”) of all ED visits, ED visits leading to discharge (“treat‐and‐release”) and ED visits leading to hospitalization (“transfer‐to‐inpatient”), and the share of the study population with Medicaid (“Medicaid share”).Study DesignAn event‐study difference in differences design that contrasts pre‐ versus post‐expansion changes in outcomes in Medicaid expansion and nonexpansion states.Principal FindingsIn 2013, the ED rate was 92.6, 34.4, and 59.2 ED visits among Black, Hispanic, and White adults, respectively. The expansion was associated with no change in ED rate in all three groups in each of the five post‐expansion years. We found that expansion was associated with no change in the hospitalization share of ED visits and the volume of all ED visits, treat‐and‐release ED visits, and transfer‐to‐inpatient ED visits. The expansion was associated with an 11.7% annual increase (95% CI, 2.7%–21.2%) in the Medicaid share of Hispanic adults, but no significant change among Black adults (3.8%; 95% CI, −0.04% to 7.7%).ConclusionACA Medicaid expansion was associated with no changes in the rate of ED visits among Black, Hispanic, and White adults. Expanding Medicaid eligibility may not change ED use, including among Black and Hispanic subgroups.
Identification of carotenoids from fruits and vegetables with or without saponification and evaluation of their antioxidant activities
Authors: Jing Huili , Nie Meimei , Dai Zhuqing , Xiao Yadong , Song Jiangfeng , Zhang Zhongyuan , Zhou Cunshan , Li Dajing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the composition and form of carotenoids in typical fruits and vegetables obtained through saponification or non‐saponification and evaluates the correlation between carotenoids and antioxidant capacity. The results showed that the content of the total carotenoids in non‐saponified broccoli was the highest, reaching 1505.93 ± 71.99 µg/g d.w. The content of the total carotenoids in pumpkin flesh and broccoli after saponification was reduced by 71.82% and 52.02%, respectively. The content of lutein in spinach decreased by 24.4% after saponification, but the content of β‐carotene increased compared to non‐saponification. After saponification, the total antioxidant activities of apple peel, radish peel, radish flesh, and maize were significantly increased by 30.26%, 91.74%, 425.30%, and 242.88%, respectively. Saponification also improved the antioxidant activities of carotenoids in maize under six different antioxidant assays. The highest correlation was found between the total amount of carotenoids and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (R = 0.945), whereas the correlation coefficients among reducing power, 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′‐azinobis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid), hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity, and total carotenoids’ content were 0.935, 0.851, 0.872, 0.885, and 0.777, respectively, all showing significant correlations. The study demonstrates that saponification can increase the total carotenoid content and antioxidation for apple peel, radish peel, radish flesh, and maize. Moreover, carotenoids were significantly positively correlated with most in vitro antioxidant assays. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving the postharvest added value of fruits and vegetables and rationally utilizing their byproducts.
Price‐endogenous technology, producer welfare, and ex ante impact assessment: The case of industrial hemp
Authors: Cho Seojin , Antle John M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe emerging hemp industry is an example of an important class of agricultural products where the market extent is limited, in hemp's case by laws and regulations, causing technology adoption to interact through prices with market‐level equilibrium. In this paper, we show that the equilibrium adoption rate and producer welfare impact of new technology, such as improved hemp genetics and management, are determined by the interaction between market prices and the spatial distribution of returns of both current and new technologies in the farm population. Price changes affect adoption and welfare through shifts in both the location (mean) and dispersion (variance and higher moments) of the spatial distribution of gains to the new technology. We show that an output price change may either increase or decrease the adoption rate of a new technology and in turn impact the elasticity of the market supply function. Additionally, we derive market‐equilibrium measures of welfare change for both adopters and non‐adopters and show how these welfare measures are affected by the spatial distribution of returns to a new technology. Our finding suggests that the interplay between new technologies and price changes is likely to have empirically important effects on regional supply and farm welfare.
Bulk T‐cell receptor sequencing confirms clonality in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis and identifies a food‐specific repertoire
Authors: Janarthanam Rethavathi , Kuang Fei Li , Zalewski Angelika , Amsden Katie , Wang Ming‐Yu , Ostilla Lorena , Keeley Kaitlyn , Hirano Ikuo , Kagalwalla Amir , Wershil Barry K. , Gonsalves Nirmala , Wechsler Joshua B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) involves a chronic immune‐mediated response to dietary antigens. Recent work identifies T‐cell clonality in children with EoE, however, it is unknown whether this is true in adults or whether there is a restricted food‐specific T‐cell repertoire. We sought to confirm T‐cell receptor (TCR) clonality in EoE and assess for differences with specific food triggers.MethodsBulk TCR sequencing was performed on mRNA isolated from esophageal biopsies obtained from adults and children with EoE (n = 15) who had food triggers confirmed by endoscopic evaluation. Non‐EoE adult and pediatric controls (n = 10) were included. Differences in TCR clonality by disease and treatment status were assessed. Shared and similar V‐J‐CDR3s were assessed based on specific food triggers.ResultsActive EoE biopsies from children but not adults displayed decreased unique TCRα/β clonotypes and increased relative abundance of TCRs comprising >1% of the total compared to non‐EoE controls and paired inactive EoE samples. Among patients in which baseline, post diet elimination, and food trigger reintroduction samples (n = 6) were obtained, we observed ~1% of TCRs were shared only between pre‐diet elimination and trigger reintroduction. Patients with a shared EoE trigger (milk) had a greater degree of shared and similar TCRs compared to patients with differing triggers (seafood, wheat, egg, soy).ConclusionWe confirmed relative clonality in children but not adults with active EoE and identified potential food‐specific TCRs, particularly for milk‐triggered EoE. Further studies are needed to better identify the broad TCR repertoire relevant to food triggers.
Gender‐Sexuality Alliance meeting experiences predict weekly variation in hope among LGBTQ+ youth
Authors: Poteat V. Paul , Calzo Jerel P. , Sherwood S. Henry , Marx Robert A. , O'Brien Michael D. , Dangora Anya , Salgin Linda , Lipkin Arthur 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHope is considered a marker of resilience among youth facing oppression, including LGBTQ+ youth. This 8‐week weekly diary study among 94 LGBTQ+ youth (ages 14–19; Mage = 15.91, 46% youth of color, 44% transgender or nonbinary) in 2021 considered whether a youth's meeting‐to‐meeting experiences in Gender‐Sexuality Alliances (GSAs; LGBTQ+ affirming school clubs) predicted subsequent hope from week to week. Youth reported greater hope on days following meetings where they felt more group support, greater advisor responsiveness, and had taken on more leadership responsibilities. Group support and advisor responsiveness were stronger predictors of a youth's hope on days closer to GSA meetings; leadership's effect was stronger when more days had elapsed. Findings suggest how GSAs may cultivate hope among LGBTQ+ youth.
Preschoolers modulate contrastive inferences during online language comprehension
Authors: Ju Narae , Williams Natalie , Sedivy Julie , Chambers Craig G. , Graham Susan A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study examined 4‐ and 5‐year‐olds' incremental interpretation of size adjectives, focusing on whether contrastive inferences are modulated by speaker behavior. Children (N = 120, 59 females, mostly White, tested between July, 2018 and August, 2019) encountered either a conventional or unconventional speaker who labeled objects in a correspondingly typical or atypical way. Critical utterances contained size adjectives (e.g., “Look at the big duck”). With conventional speakers, gaze measures indicated that children rapidly used the adjective to differentiate members of a contrasting pair, indicating that even 4‐year‐olds derive contrastive inferences. With unconventional speakers, contrastive inferences were delayed in processing. The findings demonstrate that preschoolers adjust their use of pragmatic cues when presented with evidence disconfirming their default assumptions about a speaker.
The modified HoVert (mHoVert) method improves diagnostic certainty compared to the St John's protocol for alopecia biopsy specimens: A retrospective single center study
Authors: Adams Laura , Amphlett Alexander , Gardette Emma , Deroide Florence , Jones Jennifer 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccess to vertical and transverse sections of a punch biopsy specimen improves the diagnosis of alopecia. Both two biopsy specimen and single‐punch biopsy specimen techniques to visualize both transverse and vertical sections have been described. Their comparative diagnostic certainty is not known. We aimed to assess the diagnostic certainty of a modified HoVert (mHoVert) method, without direct immunofluorescence (DIF), compared to the St John's protocol, a two‐biopsy technique with DIF.MethodsFifty‐seven cases of alopecia processed using the St John's protocol and 60 cases of alopecia processed using mHoVert were reviewed. Diagnoses made were rated as certain/probable, possible, or uncertain, depending on the language in the histopathology report. Cases processed by the St John's protocol had final diagnosis and DIF result recorded.ResultsIn the mHoVert group, significantly more diagnoses were certain/probable (66%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 57%–75%), compared to 46% (95% CI: 36%–56%) of diagnoses in the St John's protocol group (p = 0.005). DIF result did not affect the final diagnosis in any of the 57 cases reviewed.ConclusionsDIF is not required in the diagnosis of most cases of alopecia. The mHoVert method provides more certain/probable diagnoses than the St John's protocol and can reduce cost and patient morbidity.
Interpersonal theory of suicide and stressful life events in a clinical sample of adolescents in Spain
Authors: Caro‐Cañizares Irene , Vila María Marín , Durán Pacheco Juan I. , Carballo Juan J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsThe interpersonal theory of suicide (ITPS) provides a theoretical model for suicidal behaviour. It includes two interpersonal variables, thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB). This study tested the relationship between ITPS interpersonal variables and suicide risk (presence/absence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts throughout life) in a clinical sample of Spanish adolescents. We also assessed the potential mediation effect of these variables in the well‐established relationship between stressful life events (SLE) and suicide risk.MethodsWe recruited 147 adolescents aged 11–17 from the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Outpatient Services of the Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Madrid, Spain). Different questionnaires were administered to assess suicidal behaviour and SLE (SITBI, The Stressful Life Events Scale) and to calculate proxy measures for ITPS interpersonal factors (SDQ, STAXI‐NA, CDI).ResultsTB and PB significantly correlated with suicide risk. PB played a mediating role in the relationship between SLE and suicide risk: adolescents reporting SLE were more likely to enact suicide behaviours when they experienced higher PB. Patients scoring higher PB were more likely to receive more intense treatment but tended to abandon intervention promptly.ConclusionsITPS seems useful for predicting suicide risk in an adolescent clinical sample. The results suggest an important role for PB in the SLE‐suicide risk relationship and may impact the treatment process. Our exploratory findings should be addressed in future studies.
Dental students' clinical and academic experience during placement in a UK tertiary care children's hospital
Authors: Strang Alexander M. , Gartshore Laura M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionThere are well‐recognized difficulties across UK dental schools in recruiting paediatric patients who are willing to attend, have manageable dental disease, and do not require the behaviour management skills of an experienced dentist. This presents a concern for the skill development of the future workforce. At the School of Dentistry in Liverpool, the challenge to enable students to develop these core skills is supported by attendance at a tertiary care children's hospital. The present study investigates whether attendance of final‐year dental students at a children's hospital affects perceptions of their surgical experience, self‐reported preparation for working independently as a dentist, and understanding of specialist care.Materials and MethodsA self‐administered online survey was distributed to final‐year dental students (2020–2021). Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered using mixed item formats for descriptive analysis. Questions addressed themes including experience of primary tooth exodontia, understanding of general anaesthetic dental care and multidisciplinary patient management.ResultsThe response rate was 90% (n = 66). Attendance was beneficial to student learning and experience; responders reported increased surgical experience, self‐confidence and understanding of multidisciplinary care. Students developed insight into future career pathways.ConclusionThe present study supports the use of external clinic rotations, known as outreach placements, for dental student training. The findings support existing literature demonstrating the value of outreach placements in providing an experience not available in dental school environments. Dental students' perceptions of their surgical experience, knowledge of specialist care, and preparedness for independent practice may be enhanced by attendance to outreach placements.
Canadians' travel knowledge acquisition during the pandemic: A cognitive mediation model approach
Authors: Huang Shuyue , Liang Lena Jingen , Choi Hwansuk Chris , Pang Sharon F. H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to improve Canada's preparedness to rejuvenate the economy in public health crises by understanding how potential tourists acquire knowledge using the cognitive mediation model. We examined the effect of media motivations (i.e., surveillance gratification and anticipated interaction) in predicting two types of subjective knowledge (i.e., pandemic knowledge and travel health knowledge) through the mediation of media attention and elaboration. The study results supported all hypotheses except for the relationships between surveillance gratification and media attention, and media attention and travel health knowledge. This study provides implications for destination marketing organizations to understand Canadians' travel decisions during the pandemic.