bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of a multicomponent healthcare intervention on glycaemic control in subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: The INTEGRA study
Authors: Molló Àngels , Vlacho Bogdan , Gratacòs Mònica , Mata‐Cases Manel , Rubinat Esther , Berenguera Anna , Real Jordi , Puig‐Treserra Ramon , Cos Xavier , Franch‐Nadal Josep , Khunti Kamlesh , Mauricio Dídac ,   the INTEGRA research group
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate whether a specially designed multicomponent healthcare intervention improves glycaemic control in subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsA cluster, non‐randomized, controlled, pragmatic trial in subjects from 11 primary care centres with type 2 diabetes and HbA1c of more than 9% (> 75 mmol/mol) was conducted. The intervention (N = 225 subjects) was professional and patient‐centred, including a dedicated monographic visit that encouraged therapeutic intensification by physicians. The sham control (N = 181) was identical to that of the intervention group except that the dedicated visit was omitted. The primary outcome was to compare the reductions in HbA1c values between the groups at 12 months of follow‐up.ResultsThe mean age at baseline was 59.5 years, mean diabetes duration was 10.7 years and mean HbA1c was 10.3% (89.0 mmol/mol). Patients in the intervention arm achieved significantly greater HbA1c reduction than those in the sham control group at 12 months (mean difference −0.62%, 95% CI = −0.2%, −1.04%; P = .002). A larger percentage of intervention participants achieved an HbA1c of less than 8% (44.8% vs. 25.5%; P = .003) and were more frequently treated with more than three antidiabetic therapies (14.4% vs. 3.5%; P = .0008). Intervention was the only variable associated with higher odds of HbA1c less than 8% (odds ratio = 2.52; 95% CI = 1.54‐4.12; P < .001).ConclusionsA multicomponent intervention including a dedicated visit oriented at reducing therapeutic inertia by primary care physicians can improve glycaemic control in poorly controlled patients with type 2 diabetes.
Safety and efficacy analyses across age and body mass index subgroups in East Asian participants with type 2 diabetes in the phase 3 tirzepatide studies (SURPASS programme)
Authors: Kiyosue Arihiro , Dunn Julia P. , Cui Xuewei , Hickey Ana , Hirase Tetsuaki , Imaoka Takeshi , Heine Robert J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the safety and efficacy of tirzepatide in people of East Asian descent based on age and body mass index (BMI).Materials and MethodsData of participants enrolled in East Asian countries in the SURPASS‐1, ‐3, ‐4, ‐5, J‐mono and J‐combo phase 3 clinical trials were included. Participants with type 2 diabetes with a baseline HbA1c of 7.0% up to 11.0% and a BMI of 23 kg/m2 or greater or 25 kg/m2 or greater were included. Participants treated with tirzepatide 5, 10 or 15 mg were evaluated to assess the safety and efficacy of tirzepatide in people of East Asian descent (94% from Japan) based on age (< 65 and ≥ 65 years) and BMI (< 25 and ≥ 25 kg/m2). Key safety and efficacy outcomes were assessed.ResultsAt baseline, 73% of East Asian participants had a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or greater and 74% were younger than 65 years. At week 52, tirzepatide induced a similar dose‐dependent reduction in HbA1c, waist circumference and BMI across subgroups. Across all BMI and age subgroups, mean absolute HbA1c reductions across the three doses ranged from 2.3% to 3.0%, and mean waist circumference reductions ranged from 4.3 to 9.8 cm. Improvements in absolute insulin sensitivity, assessed by homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, were greater in those with a baseline BMI of ≥ 25 kg/m2. Improvements in lipid profiles were similar across subgroups. While the safety profile of tirzepatide was broadly similar across BMI and age subgroups, drug discontinuation because of adverse events was higher in participants with a baseline age of ≥ 65 years.ConclusionsThis post hoc analysis showed that once‐weekly tirzepatide had a similar safety and efficacy profile across BMI and age subgroups in East Asian participants.
Emerging Ideas. Digital parenting advice: Online guidance regarding children's use of the Internet and social media
Authors: Harris Lauren E. , Jacobs Jerry A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis research explores online advice to parents for managing children's Internet and social media use to understand what courses of action are recommended for parents.BackgroundParents often play a protectionist role in parenting, including trying to limit their children's Internet use to reduce harms. However, little is known about the advice parents are provided about how to make these decisions.MethodsWe conducted a content analysis of 73 websites offering advice to parents on guiding their children's Internet use. These websites are sponsored by professional associations as well as magazines, blogs, and others.ResultsPrivacy, monitoring, limiting use, parent–child communication, and safety were the most common topic areas. We find that sites emphasize the risks of being online roughly twice as often as the opportunities. Only approximately two fifths of the websites addressed the permanence of online sharing or how this may impact future college admissions or employment opportunities.ConclusionAdvice given to parents focuses on protecting children (privacy, safety, monitoring) much more than teaching children how to navigate social media platforms for their benefit.ImplicationsGiven the proliferation of social media and the Internet and how online behavior affects opportunities, it is increasingly important to understand what guidance parents are provided to teach children how to develop digital cultural capital in a technologically advanced world.
Bankruptcy in divorce: The litigation tactic of the angry spouse
Authors: Semerdzhiev Angel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA matrimonial proceeding on its own is complex and can have far‐reaching implications. Add in a spouse filing for bankruptcy in the midst of the proceeding, and the process becomes even further complicated and quite possibly hostile. This Note analyzes the bad‐faith tactics of debtor spouses filing for bankruptcy in the middle of a divorce proceeding and proposes an amendment to the Bankruptcy Code that permits bankruptcy courts to dismiss bad faith petitions before they negatively impact divorce proceedings.
Characterisation of zinc‐chelating peptides derived from scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) mantle and their intestinal transport in everted rat sacs
Authors: Liu Xiaoyang , Sun Jiatong , Li Yue , Yu Xuening , Yin Fawen , Li Deyang , Jiang Pengfei , Nakamura Yoshimasa , Zhou Dayong 
Published: December 2022

SummaryRecently, food‐derived peptides were frequently studied and used as metal ion chelator against negative effects of trace element absorption induced by various human gastrointestinal environments. In this study, the scallop mantle hydrolysates (SMHs) were produced and characterised to study their intestinal promotion of zinc absorption. During production of hydrolysates, the results of degree of hydrolysis (DH) and proteins solubility suggested that the alcalase was suitable for the production of peptides from scallop mantle proteins where the chelating conditions were settled (30 °C, 10 min and 3 mg mL−1). The molecular distribution of SMH was mainly 1–5 kDa and chelation of zinc with SMH (involved in carboxyl and amine group of SMH) triggered no significant alteration on the secondary structure of SMH. Zinc morphologically altered the surface structures of SMH. Moreover, SMH could successfully carry and transport zinc while the fluorescence staining indicated free zinc accumulated inside the tissue of everted rat sacs. Finally, several representative transported peptides (intact or cleaved) were identified, such as FTGEPGPSGPT, AINDPFIDL and ALPHAILRI. This study provided a theoretical basis for the investigation of absorption of marine animal‐derived peptides as zinc carriers.
24‐Epibrassinolide promotes activation of physiological compensation mechanisms in response to drought stress and rehydration and improves yield in soybean
Authors: Silva André Lucas Januário , Ferreira Vilma Marques , dos Santos Claudiana Moura , dos Santos Jônatas Vieira , de Moura Barros Juliany Mayra Teixeira , da Silva Barbosa Wemerson Saulo , da Silva Barrozo Marcos Antônio , Endres Laurício , Justino Gilberto Costa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDrought stress is the main limiting factor for the yield of soybean crop in the world. Alternatives to minimize the impacts of water deficit on plants involve the application of plant bioregulators, among which Brassinosteroids stand out. In this study, nodulated soybean plants were used to investigate the ability of the 24‐epibrassinolide (EBR) bioregulator to reduce the damage caused to physiological mechanisms, growth and yield, after application in the vegetative stage of soybean plants, subjected to drought stress and rehydration. Application of EBR in plants subjected to drought stress promoted better performance in the rates of transpiration, photosynthesis and instantaneous water use efficiency compared to plants without EBR. The lowest reductions in relative water content and leaf water potential were recorded in stressed soybean plants treated with EBR. Plants under drought stress treated with EBR showed increase in the effective photochemical efficiency of PSII. In addition, soybean plants that received EBR application showed lower oxidative damage to cell membranes. The positive effect of EBR remained after soybean rehydration. Plants treated with EBR showed better recovery with greater plant height, leaf area, lower number of aborted grains, in addition to an increase in stem (37.2%), root (62.8%), leaf (51.8%) dry matter and 1000 seed weight (33%) compared to plants without EBR. This information suggests that EBR not only mitigated the deleterious effect of drought stress but also improved plant growth and yield post‐stress.
Teaching an old dog a new trick: Reserve price and unverifiable quality in repeated procurement
Authors: Albano Gian Luigi , Cesi Berardino , Iozzi Alberto 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper shows that, in a repeated competitive procurement, a buyer can use the reserve price in a low‐price auction as a “public”—hence nondiscriminatory—incentive device to elicit unverifiable quality. We study a model with many firms and one buyer, who is imperfectly informed on the firms' costs. When firms are ex ante identical, the provision of quality is sustained by a sufficiently high reserve price to reward firms for the quality provision and by the threat of setting a low reserve price forever, if quality is not delivered. The buyer can elicit the desired level of unverifiable quality provided her baseline valuation of the project is not too high and the net benefit from unverifiable quality is not too low. These results are robust to firms' heterogeneity in their time preferences when the punishment for a deviation is finite but sufficiently long.
OLIG2 is an in vivo bookmarking transcription factor in the developing neural tube in mouse
Authors: Hayashi Shinichi , Oe Souichi , Koike Taro , Seki‐Omura Ryohei , Nakano Yosuke , Hirahara Yukie , Tanaka Susumu , Ito Takeshi , Yasukochi Yoshiki , Higasa Koichiro , Kitada Masaaki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCells possess intrinsic features that are inheritable via epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation and histone modification. These inheritable features maintain a unique gene expression pattern, underlying cellular memory. Because of the degradation or displacement of mitotic chromosomes, most transcription factors do not contribute to cellular memory. However, accumulating in vitro evidence indicates that some transcription factors can be retained in mitotic chromosomes called as bookmarking. Such transcription factors may contribute to a novel third mechanism of cellular memory. Since most findings of transcription factor bookmarking have been reported in vitro, little is currently known in vivo. In the neural tube of mouse embryos, we discovered that OLIG2, a basic helix loop helix (bHLH) transcription factor that regulates proliferation of neural progenitors and the cell fate of motoneurons and oligodendrocytes, binds to chromatin through every cell cycle including M‐phase. OLIG2 chromosomal localization coincides with mitotic cell features such as the phosphorylation of histone H3, KI67, and nuclear membrane breakdown. Chromosomal localization of OLIG2 is regulated by an N‐terminus triple serine motif. Photobleaching analysis revealed slow OLIG2 mobility, suggesting a high affinity of OLIG2 to DNA. In Olig2 N‐terminal deletion mutant mice, motoneurons and oligodendrocyte progenitor numbers are reduced in the neural tube, suggesting that the bookmarking regulatory domain is important for OLIG2 function. We conclude that OLIG2 is a de novo in vivo bookmarking transcription factor. Our results demonstrate the presence of in vivo bookmarking in a living organism and illustrate a novel function of transcription factors.image
Artificial intelligence in Dermatopathology
Authors: Jartarkar Shishira R. , Cockerell Clay J. , Patil Anant , Kassir Martin , Babaei Mahsa , Weidenthaler‐Barth Beate , Grabbe Stephan , Goldust Mohamad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionEver evolving research in medical field has reached an exciting stage with advent of newer technologies. With the introduction of digital microscopy, pathology has transitioned to become more digitally oriented speciality. The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in dermatopathology is to aid the diagnosis, and it requires dermatopathologists' guidance for efficient functioning of artificial intelligence.MethodComprehensive literature search was performed using electronic online databases “PubMed” and “Google Scholar.” Articles published in English language were considered for the review.ResultsConvolutional neural network, a type of deep neural network, is considered as an ideal tool in image recognition, processing, classification, and segmentation. Implementation of AI in tumor pathology is involved in the diagnosis, grading, staging, and prognostic prediction as well as in identification of genetic or pathological features. In this review, we attempt to discuss the use of AI in dermatopathology, the attitude of patients and clinicians, its challenges, limitation, and potential opportunities in future implementation.
Adolescent Sexting, Violence, and Sexual Behaviors: An Analysis of 2014 and 2016 Pennsylvania Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data
Authors: Ruvalcaba Yanet , Mercer Kollar Laura M. , Everett Jones Sherry , Mercado Melissa C. , Leemis Ruth W. , Ma Zhen‐Qiang 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSexting is common among adolescents and is associated with numerous health risk behaviors and negative psychosocial constructs. This study examined the relationships between high school students' experiences with sexual violence victimization, dating violence victimization, and engagement in risky sexual behaviors with experiences of receiving sexts.METHODSCross‐sectional data from the 2014 to 2016 data from Pennsylvania Youth Risk Behavior. Participants were selected using an independent 2‐stage cluster sample design to produce a statewide population‐based sample. The pencil and paper surveys were conducted in school. Participants included 6734 Pennsylvania high school students in grades 9‐12.RESULTSOverall, 29.0% of Pennsylvania high school students had received a sext, which varied by sex, race/ethnicity, school grade, and sexual identity. Students who engaged in sexual risk behaviors, experienced dating violence, or experienced lifetime sexual violence outside of the dating context had a significantly higher prevalence of receiving a sext than students who did not engage in those behaviors or have those experiences.CONCLUSIONSEarly screening and prevention efforts that include discussions about sexting behaviors may help prevent other negative outcomes, such as risky sexual behaviors and interpersonal violence. Addressing sexting in the education and health sectors may help to prevent other related harmful health and violence experiences during adolescence.
GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CRUDE OILS FROM THE SHARARA‐C OIL FIELD, MURZUQ BASIN, SOUTHWESTERN LIBYA
Authors: Saheed Ramadan Musbah M. , Knudsen Tatjana Šolević , Faraj Musbah Abduljalil M. , Nytoft Hans Peter , Jovančićević Branimir 
Published: December 2022

Crude oil samples from the Sharara‐C oil field (Concession NC‐115, Murzuq Basin, SW Libya) were analysed by organic geochemical methods in order to infer the geochemical characteristics of their respective source rocks. Aromatic hydrocarbons were analysed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), and gas chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (GC‐MS‐MS) was used to analyse saturated biomarkers. The Sharara‐C oils are interpreted to have been generated by marine shales containing mixed terrigenous and marine organic materials deposited in an intermediate (suboxic) environment. Age‐specific biomarker ratios indicated that the oils are older than Cretaceous, and maturation‐related parameters pointed to their high thermal maturity. Consistent with previous studies, source rocks are inferred to be “hot” shales in the Lower Silurian Tanezzuft Formation.Almost all the parameter ratios calculated varied over a very narrow range, indicating that the investigated oils were compositionally similar. The only significant difference that was noted concerned the sterane/hopane ratios whose variation suggested that there was some variability in the composition of the source organic material.The organic geochemical parameters determined for the Sharara‐C crude oils were compared with published data on other crude oils from Concession NC‐115. Almost all the parameters agreed well with previously published data on oils from this part of the Murzuq Basin. The greatest deviation concerned the values of some of the maturity parameters. This tended to confirm the conclusions of previous studies concerning the presence of a number of distinct oil families and sub‐families in the Sharara oil field area which are genetically related but which have different maturities.
Possessive Processing in Bilingual Comprehension
Authors: Lago Sol , Stone Kate , Oltrogge Elise , Veríssimo João 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSecond language (L2) learners make gender errors with possessive pronouns. In production, these errors are modulated by the gender match between the possessor and possessee noun. We examined whether this so‐called match effect extends to L2 comprehension by attempting to replicate a recent study on gender predictions in first language (L1) German speakers (Stone, Veríssimo, et al., 2021). By comparing Spanish and English learners of L2 German whose languages have different possessive constraints, we were able to examine whether the match effect was modulated by the participants’ L1. A first experiment suggested that predictions and match effects were absent in setups with complex visual displays. A second experiment with simpler displays successfully elicited predictions and match effects, but their size was comparable in Spanish and English speakers, inconsistent with crosslinguistic influence. We interpret our results as evidence that processing difficulties with possessives result from memory interference that impacts both L1 and L2 comprehenders.
Repair mechanism of radiation‐induced salivary gland injury by hypoxia‐pretreated human urine‐derived stem cell exosomes
Authors: Xiao Xiang‐Yang , Zhang Ni‐Ni , Long Yuan‐Zhu , Huang Gui‐Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the protective effect of human urine‐derived stem cell exosomes (hUSC‐Exos) on radiation‐induced salivary gland (SG) injuries in Sprague Dawley rats.MethodsFresh adult urine was collected, and primary hUSCs were isolated and identified. The hUSCs were hypoxia‐pretreated with 1% oxygen for 24 h and then transferred to a normoxic culture environment for 24 h. The hUSC‐Exos were collected and identified for exosomes. A radiation‐induced injury model was established in the rats, and exosomes were introduced by local injection in the SG and tail vein. The submandibular gland was excised for morphological observation 1 week later. Immunohistochemical detection of the glandular tissue was conducted by α‐smooth muscle actin (a‐SMA), stem cell growth factor receptor (c‐Kit) staining, and periodic acid–Schiff staining. Qualitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were adopted to detect the gene and protein expression of Wnt3a, GSK3β, and Axin.ResultsIn both the normoxic and hypoxic hUSC‐Exo groups, microvesicular structures with bilayer membranes of approximately 80 nm in diameter were detected, and the expressions of CD9 and CD63 were detected by nanoflow cytometry. Compared with the control group, in the radiation‐induced injury model group, the expression of a‐SMA was significantly higher, the expression of c‐Kit was significantly lower, and the expressions of Wnt3a, GSK3β, and Axin were significantly upregulated; the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Compared with the model group, in the normoxic and hypoxic hUSC‐Exo groups, the expression of a‐SMA was significantly decreased, the expression of c‐Kit was significantly increased, and the expressions of Wnt3a, GSK3β, and Axin were significantly upregulated; the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05).ConclusionHypoxia‐pretreated hUSC‐Exos could repair radiation‐induced SG injuries by activating the Wnt3a/GSK3β pathway to suppress the expressions of a‐SMA and c‐Kit.
Allergic disease and sensitization disparity in urban and rural China: A EuroPrevall‐INCO study
Authors: Fu Wanyi , Zheng Zhenyu , Zhao Jiefeng , Feng Mulin , Xian Mo , Wei Nili , Qin Rundong , Xing Yuhan , Yang Zhaowei , Wong Gary W. K. , Li Jing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundStudies in comparison with allergic diseases and sensitization between rural and urban environments in westernized countries might be biased and not adequately reflect countries undergoing rapid transition.MethodsA total of 5542 schoolchildren from urban area and 5139 from rural area were recruited for the EuroPrevall‐INCO survey. A subsequent case–control sample with 196 children from urban area and 202 from rural area was recruited for a detailed face‐to‐face questionnaire and assessment of sensitization. Skin prick tests and serum‐specific IgE measurements were used to assess sensitizations against food and aeroallergens. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between risk/protective factors, food adverse reactions (FAR), allergic diseases, and sensitizations.ResultsPrevalence of self‐reported allergic diseases, including asthma (6.6% vs.2.5%), rhinitis (23.2% vs.5.3%), and eczema (34.1% vs.25.9%), was higher in urban than in rural children. Urban children had a significantly higher prevalence of FAR and related allergic diseases, and lower food/inhalation allergen sensitization rate, than those of rural children. In urban children, frequent changing places of residency (odds ratio 2.85, 95% confidence interval: 1.45–5.81) and antibiotic usage (3.54, 1.77–7.32) in early life were risk factors for sensitization, while sensitization and family history of allergy were risk factors for allergic diseases. In rural children, exposure to rural environments in early life was protective against both allergen sensitizations (0.46, 0.21–0.96) and allergic diseases (0.03, 0.002–0.19).ConclusionWe observed a disparity in rates of allergic diseases and allergen sensitization between rural and urban children. In addition to family history, the development of allergic diseases and allergen sensitization were associated with specific urban/rural environmental exposures in early life.