bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vegetações amazônicas e terras indígenas ameaçadas pelas próximas mudanças climáticas: Previsão de impacto nos biomas brasileiros
Authors: Arruda Daniel M. , Schaefer Carlos E. G. R. , Fonseca Rúbia S. , Fernandes‐Filho Elpídio I. , Veloso Gustavo V. , Gomes Lucas C. , Oliveira Fábio S. , Corrêa Guilherme R. , Espírito‐Santo Mário M. , Oliveira Guilherme C. , Solar Ricardo R. C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChanges in vegetation cover due to increasing frequencies of extreme climate events and anthropogenic pressure are already underway; so, predicting the impacts of the near‐future climate will be essential for developing mitigation strategies. We modelled the responses of Brazilian biomes to a future scenario (2070) of steady increases in atmospheric CO levels, adding soil data to better represent the multidimensional space of the environmental suitability of each biome. We also assessed the effects of changes in environmental suitability on the Brazilian network of protected areas and projected those effects on 1 km resolution maps. The area predicted to be affected by future climate change in Brazil and the consequent loss of suitable habitat surface is 2.59 Mkm2– larger than the combined areas of Central America and Mexico – leading the current vegetation to a progressive replacement. We project major changes in the vegetation of the Amazon basin, with the replacement of rainforest by dryer vegetation in the southern and eastern regions of that basin, and the opening of a dry corridor in Pará State. We also project an expansion of 41% of the current caatinga cover in the Brazilian semiarid region, with large losses of suitable habitat surface of the current deciduous forest. Approximately, 37% of the coverage of protected areas in Brazil will be affected – with greater damage to indigenous lands. The speed of current environmental change is now unprecedented for the post‐glacial era, and will almost certainly lead to increased rates of extinction and the collapse of transition ecosystems. We propose the urgent creation of protected areas in regions designed without significant impacts, but contiguous to those that will be more seriously affected by climate change. Those areas will act as refugia preserving biodiversity, ecosystem services, and the cultural heritages of traditional populations.
An investigation of politicians' responses to urban diversity and disadvantage: The case of the Danish ‘parallel societies’
Authors: Madsen Thomas , Morton Thomas , Power Séamus A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe examine how Danish politicians articulate views on the ‘parallel society agreement’ (aka, the ‘ghetto‐laws’), a controversial legislative intervention aiming to manage urban migration‐related diversity. Through nationwide urban redevelopment aimed at facilitating residential ‘mixing’, the goal of the legislation is to eliminate so‐called ‘parallel societies’—socio‐economically deprived neighbourhoods characterized by high concentrations of ethnic minorities. In‐depth interviews with Danish politicians (n = 11) explored how this proposal was supported, contested or rejected in situated discourse. Following social representations theory, we focus on how ‘parallel societies’ were constructed in relation to differing ideas about ‘mainstream society’ and value‐laden oppositional meaning‐categories (i.e. themata). In particular, we highlight processes of socio‐ethical reasoning that occurred through thematization of a shared oppositional meaning‐category: ‘freedom‐constraint’. Views on the intervention were articulated around this oppositional meaning‐category. Moreover, a connection was observed between the views articulated by individual politicians and sets of congruent ideas and images mobilized to represent ‘parallel societies’. We discuss the theoretical value of taking a social representations approach to urban policy debates, and the practical limitations of dominant representations for successfully promoting intercultural dialogue and engagement—the stated goal of this intervention.
Geometric morphometric assessment of the fossil bears of Namur, Belgium: Allometry and ecomorphology
Authors: van Heteren Anneke H. , Germonpré Mietje 
Published: July 2023

The Namur area in Belgium is useful to study brown (Ursus arctos) and cave bears (Ursus spelaeus) as the assemblage contains little temporal and no geographical variation. Here, we aim to assess ontogenetic allometry within cave bears, as well as ecomorphological differences between adult brown bears (n = 9), adult cave bears (n = 5) and juvenile cave bears (n = 3). Landmarks for 3D digitization of the mandible were chosen based on the taphonomical damage of the specimens. Extant brown bears and extinct Pleistocene brown and cave bears were digitized with a Microscribe G2. Generalized Procrustes superimposition was performed on the coordinates. Allometry was studied using regression analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to assess ecomorphological differences between the groups. 61% of the shape variance within juvenile and adult cave bears was predicted by size (n = 8,p < 0.01). The juvenile cave bears have relatively deep horizontal rami. In adult cave bears, the horizontal ramus is much narrower dorsoventrally. Juvenile cave bears have a small masseteric fossa and a short coronoid process, whereas both are larger, relative to mandible size, in adult cave bears. This made juvenile cave bears likely less effective masticators than fully grown cave bears. In the PCA, principal component (PC) 1 accounts for 45.0% of the total variance and PC2 accounts for 27.6%. FossilU. arctosfrom Namur fall within the 95% confidence interval of modern North AmericanU. arctoson both PCs, but are more similar to cave bears than the average extant brown bear. From the similarity of fossil and modern brown bears, it can be deduced that the diet of fossil brown bears was probably also within the range of their modern North American conspecifics, although they might have been more efficient at masticating plant matter.
CONSUMPTION TAX CUTS IN A RECESSION
Authors: Parodi Francesca 
Published: July 2023

AbstractI study the effectiveness of temporary cuts to consumption tax rates as fiscal stimulus instruments during recessions using a structural life‐cycle model with multiple consumption categories. I find tax elasticities of 0.4 for nondurable luxuries and of 10.5 for durables. I show that the tax cut on nondurables has an intratemporal substitution effect, whereas the tax cut on durables acts through an intertemporal substitution mechanism that is stronger for high‐income, liquidity‐unconstrained, and younger households. This mechanism is amplified in less persistent recessions and dampened in absence of recessions due to durables' partial irreversibility and precautionary saving motives.
A flavour perspective of Tiepishihu (Dendrobium officinale) – an emerging food ingredient from popular traditional Chinese medicinal plants: a review
Authors: Kirkwood Aidan , Fisk Ian , Ayed Charfedinne , Xu Yingjian , Yang Ni 
Published: July 2023

SummaryMany Dendrobium orchid stems are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The most popular and premium species is Dendrobium officinale, and its stem in TCM is called Tiepishihu. Tiepishihu has a sweet flavour and is an ingredient in Chinese tea and desserts. There is no comprehensive understanding of its flavour compounds. It is, therefore, essential to understand compounds responsible for its flavour, and how they are formed. This review assesses twelve diverse studies in Tiepishihu flavour (2013–2022). Thirty aroma compounds were compared – furfural and nonanal were identified as common compounds. Four of seven essential amino acids were taste‐active, with lysine being the most potent. Pre‐harvest factors such as environment impact specific aroma compounds. Post‐harvest processing methods, including drying and grinding, can control Tiepishihu's flavour. Methodological consistency is a challenge, but controlling Tiepishihu's flavour could increase its commercial value as a food ingredient.
Impact of robotic and open surgery on patient wound complications in gastric cancer surgery: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Ye Lu , Yang Qian , Xue Yuyu , Jia Rong , Yang Li , Zhong Lili , Zou Liqun , Xie Yao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis meta‐analysis is intended to evaluate the effect of both robotic and open‐cut operations on postoperative complications of stomach carcinoma. From the earliest date until June 2023, a full and systemic search has been carried out on four main databases with keywords extracted from ‘Robot’, ‘Gastr’ and ‘Opene’. The ROBINS‐I instrument has been applied to evaluate the risk of bias in nonrandomized controlled trials. In these 11 trials, a total of 16 095 patients had received surgical treatment for stomach cancer and all 11 trials were nonrandomized, controlled trials. Abdominal abscesses were reported in 5 trials, wound infections in 8 trials, haemorrhage in 7 trials, wound dehiscence in 2 trials and total postoperative complications in 4 trials. Meta‐analyses revealed no statistically significantly different rates of postoperative abdominal abscesses among patients who had received robotic operations than in those who had received open surgical procedures (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.25, 3.36; p = 0.89). The incidence of bleeding after surgery was not significantly different from that in both groups (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 0.69, 2.75; p = 0.37). Similarly, there was no significant difference between the two groups (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.52, 1.18; p = 0.24). No significant difference was found between the two groups (OR, 1. 28; 95% CI, 0.75, 2.21; p = 0.36). No significant difference was found between the two groups of patients who had received the robotic operation and those who had received the surgery after the operation (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.78, 1.66; p = 0.49). Generally speaking, this meta‐analysis suggests that the use of robotics does not result in a reduction in certain postsurgical complications, including wound infections and abdominal abscesses. Thus, the use of a microinvasive robot for stomach carcinoma operation might not be better than that performed on the surgical site after the operation. This is a valuable guide for the surgeon to select the operative method.
Environmental variance in male mating success modulates the positive versus negative impacts of sexual selection on genetic load
Authors: Tschol Maximilian , Reid Jane M. , Bocedi Greta 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Sexual selection on males is predicted to increase population fitness, and delay population extinction, when mating success negatively covaries with genetic load across individuals. However, such benefits of sexual selection could be counteracted by simultaneous increases in genome-wide drift resulting from reduced effective population size caused by increased variance in fitness. Resulting fixation of deleterious mutations could be greatest in small populations, and when environmental variation in mating traits partially decouples sexual selection from underlying genetic variation. The net consequences of sexual selection for genetic load and population persistence are therefore likely to be context dependent, but such variation has not been examined. We use a genetically explicit individual-based model to show that weak sexual selection can increase population persistence time compared to random mating. However, for stronger sexual selection such positive effects can be overturned by the detrimental effects of increased genome-wide drift. Furthermore, the relative strengths of mutation-purging and drift critically depend on the environmental variance in the male mating trait. Specifically, increasing environmental variance caused stronger sexual selection to elevate deleterious mutation fixation rate and mean selection coefficient, driving rapid accumulation of drift load and decreasing population persistence times. These results highlight an intricate balance between conflicting positive and negative consequences of sexual selection on genetic load, even in the absence of sexually antagonistic selection. They imply that environmental variances in key mating traits, and intrinsic genetic drift, should be properly factored into future theoretical and empirical studies of the evolution of population fitness under sexual selection.
Abstract
Is sexual selection beneficial for small populations when it also increases genetic drift? We show that environmental variance in key mating traits modulates the net consequences of sexual selection for genetic load and the persistence of small populations.
A dietitian‐led coeliac service helps to identify and reduce involuntary gluten ingestion with subsequent reduction in the frequency of repeat endoscopies
Authors: Costas‐Batlle Cristian , Trott Nick , Jeanes Yvonne , Seamark Leah , Gardiner Claire 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDietitian‐led coeliac clinics have the potential to be a cost‐effective way of monitoring patients living with coeliac disease (CD). The aim of this service evaluation was to explore the impact of a dietitian‐led coeliac clinic on gluten‐free diet (GFD) adherence and the frequency of endoscopies with repeat duodenal biopsies.MethodsAdults with biopsy‐proven CD were transferred to a new dietitian‐led coeliac clinic where data were collected from medical records and analysed using SPSS. GFD adherence was assessed by a specialist dietitian, specialist nurse, consultant gastroenterologists and a validated GFD adherence questionnaire. Repeat duodenal biopsy findings were compared with the most recent dietitian GFD adherence assessment. Project and ethics approval was granted by the hospital trust and affiliated university.ResultsData from 170 patients (White: 51%, South Asian: 45%) are presented, with most being 35–64 years old (61%). Specialist dietitian assessments identified 67 (39%) of patients were adhering to the GFD, whereas prior gastroenterologist or coeliac nurse assessments identified 122 (72%) (p < 0.001) and the validated GFD adherence questionnaire identified 97 (57%) (p < 0.001). Dietitian assessments identified involuntary gluten consumption in 39/104 (38%) of those who self‐reported GFD adherence, consequently avoiding the need for nine endoscopies with repeat duodenal biopsies once patients had received dietary education from the dietitian. On follow‐up, within the dietitian‐led coeliac clinic, significantly fewer patients consumed gluten involuntarily (14%, p < 0.001). In addition, a reduction in voluntary gluten consumption was observed from three to five to one to two times per month (p < 0.001) in 66 patients.ConclusionsThe dietitian‐led coeliac clinic helped to identify involuntary gluten ingestion, avoid repeat endoscopies with duodenal biopsies and was associated with significantly improved GFD adherence.
Ethnoveterinary uses of forage plants for domesticated ruminants in Malakand agency, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Raees , Nedelcheva Anely , Abidin Sheikh Zain Ul , Bhatti Muhammad Zeeshan , Khan Shujaul Mulk , Ullah Asad , Saeed Rida Fatima , Aziz Abida , Gul Hadia , Dogan Yunus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPlant ethnoveterinary uses are evident in various studies around the world, but the ethnoveterinary practices of forage species are not widely reported. Traditional knowledge is rapidly disappearing because of urbanization and commercial activities. The purpose of this study was to document plant species used by the local communities in Malakand Agency, Pakistan for foraging and ethnoveterinary purposes. Twenty different localities in the study area were surveyed for documentation of forage species and related traditional ethnoveterinary knowledge used for livestock. Semistructured questionnaires and field walks were used to conduct 67 interviews with local farmers and herdsmen. A total of 91 forage species from 26 families were documented, as well as their ethnoveterinary applications. Poaceae and Fabaceae were dominant families with 45% and 15% of species respectively. Among the forage species documented, 62 were highly palatable, 26 were moderately palatable and 12 were less palatable. The region's major veterinary diseases are flu, ringworms, inflammations, low milk production, constipation, bloat, mastitis, pneumonia and wounds. The 62 forage species were reported for the first time for various veterinary uses. This study revealed that local communities commonly use a diverse range of forage species in conjunction with indigenous knowledge of ethnoveterinary uses. These forage species have the potential to overcome the recent fodder shortage. Such studies will be beneficial to the commercial production of such forage species.
Influence of medications on thyroid function in dogs: An update
Authors: Bolton Timothy A. , Panciera David L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractErroneous thyroid function test results can occur because of drugs that alter thyroid hormone physiology in one or more aspects, including synthesis, secretion, distribution, and metabolism. Research since publication of the last review in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine (JVIM) 20 years ago has evaluated the effects of amiodarone, zonisamide, inhalant anesthetics, clomipramine, trilostane, and toceranib on thyroid function tests in the dog. In addition, recent work on the effects of glucocorticoids, sulfonamides, phenobarbital, and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs will be reviewed. Awareness of these effects is necessary to avoid misdiagnosis of hypothyroidism and unnecessary treatment.
Complexities of care in insect‐human relations
Authors: Yee Kenzi , Sharp Emma L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhat ethico‐politics are we complicit in when we eat insects? Or produce them for feed? In this article we think through underexplored ideas of human‐insect response‐abilities, or ‘care’ in the acts of ‘producing’ insects that are to be: eaten by humans or non‐humans; or, enrolled in eating other species for environmental ‘management’. Rather than merely passive recipients of human care, we think through insect agency to highlight the affective capacities of insects in acts of human to more‐than‐human reciprocal care. Drawing on a qualitative study of diverse insect‐work in Aotearoa New Zealand, we demonstrate how insects are recognised as active in their caregiving processes, and what this might mean for our right relations with insects.
Preferences of clinical pathologists for probability‐modifying terms describing cytologic sample evaluations: A survey study
Authors: Rishniw Mark , Freeman Kathleen P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundA recent study identified 7 probability ranges used by clinical pathologists and associated qualitative terms used in cytology reports. Clinicians and clinical pathologists agreed that limiting the number of terms could help enhance communication between clinical pathologists and clinicians. However, the preferred terms for each range remain undetermined.ObjectiveWe sought to determine a single term for each probability range that could be adopted by the global veterinary clinical pathology community.MethodClinical pathologists responded to a survey invitation distributed via the specialty listserv. Clinical pathologists were asked to rank previously identified terms for each probability range from “most preferred” to “least preferred.” An alternative term could be proposed if they preferred a term not included in the question. The preferences were summed by rank. Where first choice ranks were within 20% of each other, the 1st and 2nd choices were added. The term with the highest counts was chosen to represent the probability range.ResultsThe highest‐ranking terms corresponding to the probability ranges of 0%–20%, 20%–50%, 50%–65%, 65%–75%, 75%–85%, 85%–95%, and 95%–100% were “no evidence for,” “cannot rule out,” “possible,” “suspicious for,” “most likely,” “most consistent with,” and no modifier, respectively.ConclusionsWe have sampled clinical pathologists across the globe to rank terms in cytology reports associated with previously identified probability ranges to identify single qualitative terms for which there was the most agreement between clinicians and clinical pathologists. Our study provides the foundation for standardizing and limiting probability‐modifying terms to improve communication with clinicians.
Nonlinearities due to Joint Friction and Clearance in a Structural Dynamic Test Fixture
Authors: Tinker Michael L. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Modal survey testing of the Space Station Common Module Prototype in a test fixture designed to simulate Shuttle Orbiter constraints revealed a number of sources of nonlinearities in the measured frequency response functions. First, the test fixture original design, which utilized spherical bearing joints and an airbag suspension system for offloading the test article weight, is described in detail in order to provide a basis for understanding the test data. Several experimental and analytical lowest-frequency mode shapes are compared, and differences are pointed out. One of the basic modes predicted by the finite element model was not observed at all in the experimental data. Then the measured acceleration/force frequency response functions are examined for different shaker force amplitudes and air pressure levels in the airbag offload system. It is shown that the character of the response functions, and the mode shapes and frequencies of the Common Module, varied depending on the test parameters. Static stiffness and stick-slip measurements for the fixture-to-test-article interfaces were made to provide insight into the behavior of the bearing mechanisms.
Careful examination of the experimental mode shapes, frequency responses, static stiffness curves, and bearing stick-slip data led to a determination that the spherical joint interfaces between the Common Module test article and the test fixture were not functioning as designed. Friction in some interface joints prevented relative motion between the test article and fixture that was essential for simulating Shuttle Orbiter constraints of the Common Module in its flight configuration. In other instances, clearances between the spherical bearings and the surfaces of the test article interface structures caused highly nonlinear response as a function of load at the interface. The severity of the unintended joint friction and clearances and the resulting nonlinearities made necessary a redesign of the modal test fixture in the interface regions before the flight constraints of the test article could be adequately simulated.
Interaction Dynamics Between a Flexible Rotor and an Auxiliary Clearance Bearing
Authors: Lawen James L. , Flowers George T. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the application of synchronous interaction dynamics methodology to the design of auxiliary bearing systems. The technique is applied to a flexible rotor system and comparisons are made between the behavior predicted by this analysis method and the observed simulation response characteristics. Of particular interest is the influence of coupled shaft/bearing vibration modes on rotordynamical behavior. Experimental studies are also performed to validate the simulation results and provide insight into the expected behavior of such a system.