bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA methylation profile in the whole blood of acute coronary syndrome patients with aspirin resistance
Authors: Yu Qinglin , Yang Jin , Wang Jiang , Yu Ruoyan , Li Jiyi , Cheng Ji , Hu Yingchu , Li Zhenwei , Zheng Nan , Zhang Zhaoxia , Li Xiaojing , Wang Yong , Du Weiping , Zhu Keqi , Chen Xiaomin , Su Jia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAspirin resistance (AR) results in major adverse cardiovascular events, and DNA methylation might participate in the regulation of this pathological process.MethodsIn present study, a sum of 35 patients with AR and 35 non‐AR (NAR) controls were enrolled. Samples from 5 AR and 5 NAR were evaluated in an 850 BeadChip DNA methylation assay, and another 30 AR versus 30 NAR were evaluated to validate the differentially methylated CpG loci (DML). Then, qRT‐PCR was used to investigate the target mRNA expression of genes at CpG loci. Finally, Gene Ontology (GO) as well as Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to reveal the enriched pathways.ResultsThe AR and NAR groups displayed significant differences in DNA methylation at 7707 positions, with 270 hypermethylated sites (e.g., cg09555818 located in APOC2) and 7437 sites hypomethylated sites (e.g., cg26828689 located in SLC12A5). Six DML were validated by pyrosequencing, and it was confirmed that DNA methylation (cg16391727, cg21008208, cg21293749, and cg13945576) was related to the increasing risk of AR. The relative mRNA expression of the ROR1 gene was also associated with AR (p = 0.007), suggesting that the change of cg21293749 in DNA methylation might lead to differential ROR1 mRNA expression, ultimately resulting in AR. Furthermore, the identified differentially methylated sites were associated with the molecular pathways such as circadian rhythms and insulin secretion.ConclusionHence, the distinct DNA methylation might play a vital role in the biological regulation of AR through the pathways such as circadian rhythms.
Using eye gaze to reveal cognitive processes and strategies of engineering students when solving spatial rotation and mental cutting tasks
Authors: Hsing Hsiang‐Wen , Bairaktarova Diana , Lau Nathan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSpatial problem‐solving is an essential skill for success in many engineering disciplines; thus, understanding the cognitive processes involved could help inform the design of training interventions for students trying to improve this skill. Prior research has yet to investigate the differences in cognitive processes between spatial tasks in problem‐solving to offer learners timely feedback.Purpose/HypothesisIn this study, we investigated how different spatial tasks change the cognitive processes and problem‐solving strategies used by engineering students with low spatial ability.Design/MethodStudy participants completed mental rotation and mental cutting tasks of high and low difficulty. Eye‐tracking data were collected and categorized as encoding, transformation, and confirmation cognitive processes. The adoption of either a holistic or piecemeal strategy and response accuracy were also measured.ResultsMental rotation was found to have a higher number of fixations for each cognitive process than the mental cutting task. The holistic strategy was used in both difficulty levels of the mental cutting task, while the piecemeal strategy was adopted for the mental rotation task at a high difficulty level. Only encoding fixations were significantly correlated with accuracy and most strongly correlated with strategy.ConclusionEncoding is an important cognitive process that could affect subsequent cognitive processes and strategies and could, thus, play an important role in performance. Future development in spatial training should consider how to enhance encoding to aid students with low spatial ability. Educators can utilize gaze metrics and empirical research to provide tailored and timely feedback to learners.
The Raman Deuterium Isotope Probing method as a new assay for evaluating the cytotoxicity level of the GSK2334470 to the MCF‐7 cells
Authors: Huang Xia , Li Chengjian , Li Lei , Lu Zhiliang , Zhang Lihao , Huang Wei E. , Zhao Liang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Raman Deuterium Isotope Probing (Raman‐DIP) method was applied to study the response of human breast adenocarcinoma cells (the MCF‐7 cells) to the GSK2334470 drug in vitro. The cytotoxicity level of the GSK2334470 to the MCF‐7 cell evaluated by the Raman‐DIP method and CCK‐8 assay was highly matched, as both methods suggested that 10 μM was the cytotoxic concentration for inhibition of cell regeneration. In additional, the relationship between drug dose and the cell response (RSI) were fitted, showing that our experimental data were consistent with the dose–response relationship, and the Raman‐DIP could be applied for sensitivity testing of targeted anti‐cancer drugs. The variation of the bio‐macromolecules reflected by the Raman signal in the fingerprint range was closely related to the GSK2334470 concentration. The Raman‐DIP method can monitor the inhibition of the GSK2334470 to the MCF‐7 cell proliferation with high accuracy as the CCK‐8 assay. The combination of Raman‐DIP results and fingerprint range information can effectively improve the evaluation, serving as a supplement for the existing anti‐cancer drug sensibility assay. This method is valuable to reveal the intracellular macromolecules changes related to the drug treatment.
Method for trace determination of N‐nitrosamines impurities in metronidazole benzoate using high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with atmospheric‐pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yin Mingxing , Hu Yinuo , Fan Huajun , Wang Qiulan , Wang Mengdie , Wang Wenqing , Shi Chunyang 
Published: December 2022

Genotoxic impurity control has been a great concern in the pharmaceutical industry since the recall of the large round of sartans worldwide in 2018. In these sartans, N‐nitrosamines were the main contaminants in active pharmaceutical ingredients and formulations. Numerous analytical methods have been developed to detect N‐nitrosamines in food, drugs, and environmental samples. In this study, a sensitive method is developed for the trace determination of N‐nitrosamine impurities in metronidazole benzoate pharmaceuticals using high‐performance liquid chromatography/atmospheric‐pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was validated regarding system suitability, selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, solution stability, and robustness. The method showed good linearity with R2 ≥ 0.999 and FMandel < Ftab(95%) ranging from 0.33 to 8.00 ng/ml. The low limits of detection of N‐nitrosamines were in the range of 0.22–0.80 ng/ml (0.0014–0.0050 ppm). The low limits of quantification were in the range of 0.33–1.20 ng/ml (0.0021–0.0075 ppm), which were lower than the acceptable limits in metronidazole benzoate pharmaceuticals and indicated the high sensitivity of the method. The recoveries of N‐nitrosamines ranged from 84% to 97%. Thus, this method exhibits good selectivity, sensitivity, and accuracy. Moreover, it is a simple, convenient, and scientific strategy for detecting N‐nitrosamine impurities in pharmaceuticals to support the development of the pharmaceutical industry.
Saline soil organic matter characteristics of aggregate size fractions after amelioration through straw and nitrogen addition
Authors: Xie Wenjun , Shao Pengshuai , Zhang Yanpeng , Wei Shoucai , Li Jianan , Sun Yingjie , Zhang Huawei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSaline soil organic matter (SOM) composition and distribution are largely unknown. A coastal field experiment was designed to investigate the effects of straw and nitrogen addition on SOM characteristics by diffuse reflectance Fourier‐transform mid‐infrared (FTIR) spectral and amino sugar analysis. In each growing season, maize/wheat straw was applied at rates of 5.0 × 103 kg ha−1 (S5) and 1.0 × 104 kg ha−1 (S10), and inorganic nitrogen was applied at rates of 75 kg ha−1 (N75), 150 kg ha−1 (N150), and 300 kg ha−1 (N300). N150 without straw addition was the control treatment (CK). Dry‐sieving technique was used to fractionate soils into macroaggregates (>0.25 mm, MA), microaggregates (0.053–0.25 mm, MI), and silt‐plus‐clay particles (<0.053 mm, SC). Results showed that SOM and amino sugar contents were efficiently increased in the S5 and S10 treatments compared with CK, which were significantly higher in MA and MI than in SC (p < 0.05). In straw‐addition treatments, SOM and amino sugar contents were significantly higher in S5N300 and S10N300 (p < 0.05). The contribution of microbial necromass C to soil organic C (SOC) was 8.9–17.1%, and the fungal residue was dominant in bulk and aggregate soils. The amount of recalcitrant form of organic C decreased with SOM content increase, and the abundance of aromatic C groups increased under higher salt stress. Therefore, we suggested that microbial necromass accumulation could not be the main pathway of SOC sequestration, and enriching recalcitrant organic C probably led to SOM stability in saline soils.
Breaking the Action‐Reaction Principle of Light Interactions Under a Stroboscopic Nonlinearity
Authors: Ma Wenjin , Zhuang Yuhui , Wang Zhaoyuan , Jia Pengbo , Zhang Ping , Hu Yi , Chen Zhigang , Xu Jingjun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe action–reaction principle is proven violated in multitudes of physical systems under certain circumstances, but such a violation is rarely reported in the interplay (via nonlinearity) of optical fields, particularly in experiment. Here a realistic optical platform is demonstrated for realizing light interactions that break the law of action–reaction. Under a stroboscopic nonlinearity where self‐focusing and ‐defocusing effects come to play the role periodically, two optical beams are judiciously trimmed temporally to experience the two inverted nonlinear effects. During their interaction, they show deflections toward the same direction. The underlying physics is in sharp contrast to that in the attraction/repulsion or diametric drive behavior commonly seen in all previous experiments. In addition, the wave dynamics introduce an extra feature that has no counterpart in particle interactions breaking the action–reaction principle. The counterintuitive interplay realized here in optics may bring about new ways for light manipulation.
Polymer Brushes by Grafting to Reaction in Melt: New Insights into the Mechanism
Authors: Chiarcos Riccardo , Perego Michele , Laus Michele 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUltrathin films of end‐tethered polymers, generally indicated as polymer brushes, have gained great interest for their ability to modify the surface interaction with the surrounding environment. One of the most common strategies to obtain polymer brushes is based on the reaction of end‐functional polymers with the substrate surface, in a process defined as grafting to. The two advantages of grafting to reactions are i) the functional polymer is prepared before the grafting reaction and therefore can be fully characterized and ii) the reaction has a self‐limiting nature, meaning that the number of grafted chains converges to a plateau value after a sufficiently long reaction time. The limit value of grafted chains is governed by the molecular weight of the employed polymer, thus allowing a fine control of the brush thickness. In this work, the origin of the self‐limiting nature of the grafting to reaction is discussed comparing theoretical models with experimental data. Furthermore, the kinetics of the process is discussed, considering both polymer diffusion and end‐group reactivity as the main drivers of the grafting to process. Finally, the effect of molecular weight dispersity on the brush characteristics is highlighted.
Reversible Dynamic Behavior of Condensation‐Cured Silicone Elastomers Caused by a Catalyst
Authors: Jurásková Alena , Olsen Stefan Møller , Skov Anne Ladegaard 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study demonstrates that dibutyltin‐dilaurate (DBTL), commonly used to catalyze condensation‐cured silicone elastomers, causes dynamic behavior in the silicone network, which is attributed to the catalyst finding a way to become part of the elastomer network. Furthermore, it establishes that by choosing an appropriate silanol‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane (HO‐PDMS‐OH) chain length, the catalyst causes the gelation of the system without a cross‐linker. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first time that the DBTL catalyst is shown, apart from the catalytic effect, to have the ability to act as a cross‐linker.
Azide‐Modified Poly(diethyl vinylphosphonate) for Straightforward Graft‐to Carbon Nanotube Functionalization
Authors: Kränzlein Moritz , Pehl Thomas M. , Halama Kerstin , Großmann Paula F. , Kratky Tim , Mühlbach Amelie M. , Rieger Bernhard 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRare‐earth metal‐mediated group‐transfer polymerization (REM‐GTP) offers distinctive features over common polymerization techniques, such as living character, a broad scope of functional monomers, high activity, excellent control of the polymeric parameters as well as inherent chain‐end functionalization. Through the latter, polymers with reactive end‐groups become feasible, opening the pathway for further post‐polymerization functionalization. In this study, a straightforward graft‐to immobilization of the Michael‐type polymer poly(diethyl vinylphosphonate) (PDEVP) on multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) is reported. Hence, a customized azide initiator is synthesized and studied in the CH bond activation with various lanthanide‐based catalysts and the subsequent polymerization of diethyl vinylphosphonate (DEVP). The successful attachment of the azide end‐group is demonstrated via electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) and the synthesized polymers are subjected to immobilization on multi‐walled carbon nanotubes in a graft‐to approach. The prepared MWCNT:PDEVP composites are analyzed via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental analysis (EA), Raman spectroscopy, X‐Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the versatility of this approach is shown via the stabilization of MWCNT dispersions in water.
Ultra‐High Loading of Coal‐Derived Flash Graphene Additives in Epoxy Composites
Authors: Advincula Paul A. , Meng Wei , Eddy Lucas J. , Beckham Jacob L. , Siqueira Ivan R. , Luong Duy Xuan , Chen Weiyin , Pasquali Matteo , Nagarajaiah Satish , Tour James M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGraphene has proved to be an exceptional reinforcing additive for composites, but the high cost of its synthesis has largely prevented its addition on industrial scales. Flash Joule heating provides a rapid, bulk‐scale method for graphene synthesis from coal materials, such as metallurgical coke (MC), into metallurgical coke‐derived flash graphene (MCFG). Here, this work investigates the properties of graphene‐epoxy composites in a higher nanofiller content regime than has previously been reported in literature. Composites with 20 to 50 wt% loading of MCFG are prepared by combining MCFG with diglycidyl ether bisphenol A epoxy precursor (DGEBA) and 1,5‐diamino‐2‐methylpentane. With a 1:2 ratio of MCFG:DGEBA, the Young's modulus increases by 92% and with a 1:3 ratio, hardness increases by 140%. At a 1:4 ratio of MCFG:DGEBA, compressive strength and maximum strain increase by 145% and 61%, respectively. At a 1:3 ratio of MCFG:DGEBA, toughness increases by 496%. Finally, at a 1:1 ratio of MCFG:DGEBA, GHG emissions, water consumption, and energy consumption are reduced by 33%, 47%, and 34%, respectively. As the cost of FG plummets, since it can be produced from very low cost materials like MC, in milliseconds with no solvent or water, the prospects are promising for its high‐loading use in composites.
Residential mobility boosts new product adoption
Authors: Zeng Fue , He Qiong , Li Shaobo (Kevin) , Luo Aowei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA major challenge in new product development is how to increase consumers' adoption of new offerings. Using the socio‐ecological perspective, we reveal a largely ignored but important social factor that alters consumers' new product adoption. Specifically, we propose that residential mobility—the frequency with which individuals change their residence—acts as an antecedent of new product adoption. Six studies—using different operationalizations of residential mobility—provide convergent evidence that residential mobility (vs. stability) augments new product adoption in both laboratory settings and real business settings. This effect is driven by openness to new experiences and moderated by the voluntariness of moving. Our findings add to the literature on new product adoption and residential mobility. Moreover, marketers should take residential mobility into full consideration when designing marketing strategies for new products and presenting contextual cues to activate consumers' residential mobility mindset to enhance their acceptance of new products.
Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation–Induced Local Field Potential Changes in Dystonia
Authors: Wiest Christoph , Morgante Francesca , Torrecillos Flavie , Pogosyan Alek , He Shenghong , Baig Fahd , Bertaina Ilaria , Hart Michael G. , Edwards Mark J. , Pereira Erlick A. , Tan Huiling 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSubthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation is an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease and induced local field potential (LFP) changes that have been linked with clinical improvement. STN stimulation has also been used in dystonia although the internal globus pallidus is the standard target where theta power has been suggested as a physiomarker for adaptive stimulation.ObjectiveWe aimed to explore if enhanced theta power was also present in STN and if stimulation‐induced spectral changes that were previously reported for Parkinson's disease would occur in dystonia.MethodsWe recorded LFPs from 7 patients (12 hemispheres) with isolated craniocervical dystonia whose electrodes were placed such that inferior, middle, and superior contacts covered STN, zona incerta, and thalamus.ResultsWe did not observe prominent theta power in STN at rest. STN stimulation induced similar spectral changes in dystonia as in Parkinson's disease, such as broadband power suppression, evoked resonant neural activity (ERNA), finely‐tuned gamma oscillations, and an increase in aperiodic exponents in STN‐LFPs. Both power suppression and ERNA localize to STN. Based on this, single‐pulse STN stimulation elicits evoked neural activities with largest amplitudes in STN, which are relayed to the zona incerta and thalamus with changing characteristics as the distance from STN increases.ConclusionsOur results show that STN stimulation–induced spectral changes are a nondisease‐specific response to high‐frequency stimulation, which can serve as placement markers for STN. This broadens the scope of STN stimulation and makes it an option for other disorders with excessive oscillatory peaks in STN. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Design of long‐reach symmetric 1.6 Tbps bidirectional NG‐PON2 using 2D spectral/spatial SWZCC code
Authors: Kumari Meet 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a bidirectional symmetric 16 × 10 Gbps next generation passive optical network stage 2 (NG‐PON2) based time and wavelength division multiplexing PON (TWDM‐PON) has been designed. To satisfy the requirement for ever‐increasing demands for high‐security, high speed and long‐reach with high system capacity to handle the large number of users, two‐dimensional spectral/spatial single weight zero‐cross correlation code has been employed in TWDM‐PON. The results show that the proposed design can handle simultaneous users of 240 in downstream and 250 in upstream channels over 10 km transmission distance at symmetric 1.6 Tbps data rate. The transmission distance can be extended upto downlink 110 km and uplink 170 km, delivering receiver sensitivity of −45 and −46 dBm, respectively. Also, high optical signal to noise ratio of 62 dB in downlink and 72 dB in uplink is successfully achieved. Meanwhile, the proposed work is superior to the recent work.
Predicting N2 lymph node metastasis in presurgical stage I‐II non‐small cell lung cancer using multiview radiomics and deep learning method
Authors: Zhang Hanfei , Liao Meiyan , Guo Qun , Chen Jun , Wang Shan , Liu Songmei , Xiao Feng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAccurate diagnosis of N2 lymph node status of the resectable stage I‐II non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before surgery is crucial, while there is lack of corresponding method clinically.PurposeTo develop and validate a model to quantitively predict the N2 lymph node metastasis in presurgical clinical stage I‐II NSCLC using multiview radiomics and deep learning method.MethodsIn this study, 140 NSCLC patients were enrolled and randomly divided into training and test sets. Univariate and multiple analysis method were used step by step to establish the clinical model; Then a multiview radiomics modeling scheme was designed, in which the optimal input feature set was determined by subcategorizing radiomics features (C1: original; C2: LoG and C3: wavelet) and comparison of corresponding radiomics model. The minimum‐redundancy maximum‐relevance (mRMR) selection and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were used for the feature selection and construction of each radiomics model (Rad). Next, an end‐to‐end ResNet18 architecture and transfer learning techniques were designed to construct a deep learning model (DL). Subsequently, the screened clinical risk factors and constructed Rad and DL models were combined and compared and a nomogram was constructed. Finally, the diagnostic performance of all constructed models were evaluated and compared using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, Delong test, Calibration analysis, Hosmer–Lemeshow test, and decision curves, respectively.ResultsCarcinoma embryonic antigen (CEA) level and spiculation were screened to make up the Clinical model, while seven radiomics features in the optimal input feature set C2 + C3 were selected to construct the Rad. DL was constructed by training on 1.8 million natural images and small sample data of our N2 lymph node volume of interest (VOI) images. Except for the Clinical model, all other models showed good predictive accuracy and consistency in both training set and test set. DL (area under curve (AUC): 0.83) was better than Rad (AUC: 0.76) in predictive accuracy, but their difference was not significant (p = 0.45). The combined models showed better diagnostic performance than the model only clinical or image risk factors were used (AUC for Clinical, Rad + DL, Rad + Clinical, DL + Clinical, and Rad + DL + Clinical were respectively 0.66, 0.86, 0.82, 0.86, and 0.88). Finally, the Rad + DL + Clinical model with the best diagnostic performance was selected to draw the final nomogram for clinical use.ConclusionThis study proposes a nomogram based on multiview radiomics, deep learning, and clinical features that can be efficiently used to quantitively predict presurgical N2 diseases in patients with clinical stage I‐II NSCLC.