bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ characterizations for aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries
Authors: Wu Buke , Mu Yongbiao , He Jiafeng , Li Ming , Li Zheng , Chu Youqi , Li Yiju , Zeng Lin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecently, aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries (ARZBs) have become a hot topic in secondary batteries. Constant attention has witnessed the development of ARZBs, such as active materials, reaction mechanisms, and mass transport, and huge successes have been achieved. However, as the fundamental basis of battery monitoring in real‐time and the theories of ARZBs, the in situ characterization techniques are equally worth discussing but the relevant review remains missing. Herein, this review focuses on the in situ characterization techniques of visualization and spectroscopy characterizations for ARZBs. Typical research of the in situ techniques is comprehensively discussed, including the setup of the in situ cells, the working principle of characterizations, the application, and the analysis applied in ARZBs. With the help of in situ characterizations, the reaction dynamics, transport kinetics, and thermodynamics in ARZBs can be thoroughly researched. Finally, the current primary challenges and future opportunities faced by in situ techniques toward ARZBs are also summarized.
Airway obstruction in respiratory viral infections due to impaired mucociliary clearance
Authors: Bessonov N. , Volpert V. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRespiratory viral infections, such as SARS‐CoV‐2 or influenza, can lead to impaired mucociliary clearance in the bronchial tree due to increased mucus viscosity and its hyper‐secretion. We develop in this work a mathematical model to study the interplay between viral infection and mucus motion. The results of numerical simulations show that infection progression can be characterized by three main stages. At the first stage, infection spreads through the most part of mucus producing airways (about 90% of the length) without significant changes in mucus velocity and thickness layer. During the second stage, when it passes through the remaining generations, mucus viscosity increases, its velocity drops down, and it forms a plug. At the last stage, the thickness of the mucus layer gradually increases because mucus is still produced but not removed by the flow. After some time, the thickness of the mucus layer in the small airways becomes comparable with their diameter leading to their complete obstruction.
Rimegepant 75 mg in Subjects With Hepatic Impairment: Results of a Phase 1, Open‐Label, Single‐Dose, Parallel‐Group Study
Authors: Bhardwaj Rajinder , Ivans Andrea , Stringfellow Joseph , Morris Beth , Coric Vladimir , Croop Robert , Bertz Richard 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRimegepant is a small‐molecule calcitonin gene–related peptide receptor antagonist (gepant) with demonstrated efficacy and safety in the acute and preventive treatment of migraine. Here, we report the pharmacokinetics and safety of a single 75‐mg oral dose of rimegepant in subjects with severe, moderate, or mild hepatic impairment and matched healthy subjects from an open‐label, single‐dose, 4‐group phase 1 study. Thirty‐six subjects aged 41‐71 years were enrolled, including 6 each with severe, moderate, or mild hepatic impairment and 18 healthy subjects. All subjects completed the study. A <20% increase in total and unbound pharmacokinetics was observed in subjects with mild hepatic impairment and ≤65% increase with moderate hepatic impairment versus matched healthy controls. Total and unbound systemic exposure increased 2.0‐ and 3.9‐fold in the severe hepatic impairment group. In subjects with severe hepatic impairment, geometric mean ratios (severe impairment/controls) for total concentrations were 202.2% for area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to the last quantifiable concentration, 202.2% for area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to infinity, and 189.1% for maximum observed plasma concentration. Corresponding geometric mean ratios using unbound concentrations were 388.8% and 388.7%, respectively. Three (8.3%) subjects reported 4 treatment‐emergent adverse events. Rimegepant is not recommended for use in adults with severe hepatic impairment.
Classification of stochastic processes with topological data analysis
Authors: Güzel İsmail , Kaygun Atabey 
Published: April 2023

SummaryIn this study, we demonstrate that engineered topological features can distinguish time series sampled from different stochastic processes with different noise characteristics, in both balanced and unbalanced sampling schemes. We compare our classification results against the results of the same classification on features coming from descriptive statistics and the wavelet transform. We conclude that machine learning models built on engineered topological features alone perform consistently better than those built on the standard statistical and wavelet features for time series classification tasks. We also apply dimension reduction techniques to our engineered features and compare the result of our classification models before and after dimensionality reduction. Finally, we also show that in our calculations of the engineered topological features, employing parallel computing methods does yield significant improvements in run time and memory footprint.
MANSOR: A module alignment method based on neighbor information for scientific workflow
Authors: Gu Yang , Cao Jian , Qian Shiyou , Zhu Nengjun , Guan Wei 
Published: April 2023

SummaryFinding similar scientific workflow modules that can substitute essential components of the privacy workflows from public repositories to create a personalized workflow is growing in popularity. This is a cost‐effective and error‐free strategy for the scientific community. Currently, module alignment approaches heavily depend on syntactic information such as modules' names and types. However, the contextual semantic information of modules, which encompasses inputs, outputs, and datalinks connecting modules, can also convey their functions. Unfortunately, this information is scarcely utilized during the module alignment process. In this work, we propose a module alignment method based on neighbor information for scientific workflow (MANSOR). Specifically, we present a rule‐based attribute similarity computation approach for calculating initial module‐pair similarity in two workflows. The relation similarity is then employed to iteratively fine‐tune the matching degree with uncertainty of module pairs by considering the contextual semantics until reaching a steady state. After pairwise comparison of workflows, the module alignment results are determined based on their module‐pair similarity. Experimental results on the human‐curated corpus of ratings indicate that MANSOR outperforms the existing state‐of‐the‐art approaches with statistical significance.
Longitudinal associations of chronic health stress and COVID‐19‐related anxiety among outpatients with anxiety and mood disorders
Authors: Yamin Nikka , Brown Timothy A. , Rosellini Anthony J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe 2019 coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic led to elevated levels of psychological distress on a global scale. Given that individuals with pre‐existing physical conditions are at risk for worse COVID‐19 outcomes, those dealing with the stress of physical health problems (including knowing someone with health problems) may experience more severe distress during the pandemic.MethodsPatients with emotional disorders who completed a diagnostic assessment in the 6 months prior to COVID‐19 were surveyed in May–June 2020 on their emotional reactions to COVID‐19 (N = 77).ResultsMultiple linear regression was used to test the hypothesis that chronic stress due to having and knowing others with physical health problems would predict COVID‐related worries and behaviours, holding pre‐COVID levels of depression, anxiety and worry about health constant. Chronic stress surrounding the health of others was significantly associated with experiencing more severe COVID‐related worry and behaviours. In comparison, chronic stress due to one's own health problems had weak and non‐significant associations with COVID‐related worries and behaviours.ConclusionsResults indicate that outpatients who report stress about surrounding loved one's health are at risk for experiencing more severe distress during a health pandemic and thus, may benefit from targeted outreach, assessment and intervention.
Nonrandom X Chromosome Inactivation Detection
Authors: Caylor Raymond C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractX chromosome inactivation patterns may be clinically useful in assessing tumor clonality, determining carrier status for certain X‐linked disorders, and evaluating the pathogenicity of a genetic variant identified in an X‐linked gene. The protocols in this article utilize the highly polymorphic trinucleotide repeat within the first exon of the human androgen receptor gene (AR) and the methylation‐sensitive restriction enzyme HpaII to distinguish between the maternal and paternal alleles and simultaneously determine their methylation status. The data obtained from these protocols can be used to calculate the ratio of inactivation between the two alleles that ultimately reflects whether a female has a random or nonrandom pattern of X chromosome inactivation. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: X chromosome inactivation assayBasic Protocol 2: PCR amplification and labeling of digested and undigested DNA templates
A random access channel resources allocation approach to control machine‐to‐machine communication congestion over LTE‐advanced networks
Authors: Aragão David , Rodrigues Christiano , Vieira Dario , de Castro Miguel Franklin 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThe Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming a reality, and one of the core elements to make this reality come true is machine‐to‐machine (M2M) communication. With the fast‐growing rate in which devices are being deployed, communication among them has become crucial to support the development of IoT applications. The Long‐Term Evolution‐Advanced (LTE‐A) is a potential access network for these M2M devices. However, the LTE‐A inherited characteristics from older cellular network standards, which were designed for human‐to‐human (H2H) and human‐to‐machine (H2M) communication. Accordingly, supporting M2M communication poses some challenges to LTE‐A, with a highlight of the congestion and overload problems in the radio access network (RAN) during the random access channel (RACH) procedure. Such a problem arises due to the large number of devices sending access‐request messages to the network and the limited number of resources to satisfy this new demand. In this paper, we introduce a solution to mitigate the impact of M2M communication in the LTE‐A network. Precisely, we model how to divide the random access resources into different types of devices as a bankruptcy problem. Then, we propose two solutions: (i) A game theory approach to formulate the bankruptcy problem as a transferable utility game, and (ii) an axiomatic method where some elements are considered for judging the amount of resources each class should receive. The simulation results show that our approaches present improvements in terms of energy efficiency, impact control of M2M over H2H accesses, and priority respect among the different classes of devices.
Performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing based M‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation in asymmetrical dual‐hop mixed RF‐FSO transmission system
Authors: Hemanth C. , Sangeetha R. G. , Jaiswal Ishu 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThis paper investigates the performance of a dual‐hop mixed relay system with radio frequency (RF) and free‐space optics (FSO) communication under the effect of pointing error (PE) and atmospheric turbulence (AT). This paper considers a system where RF and FSO links are cascaded. The RF link is modeled by Nakagami‐m fading, and the FSO link is modeled as gamma–gamma (G‐G) fading channel. Both the channel models use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with M‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The expressions for probability density function, cumulative distribution function, signal‐to‐noise ratio, and ergodic capacity are derived. The moment generating function (MGF) of fading and the bit error rate (BER) of the OFDM‐based M‐ary QAM scheme is derived in terms of Meijer's G‐function. It has been observed that, in fixed gain relay systems, the modulation scheme's BER is dominated by the SNR of the RF link. While in a variable gain relay system, the turbulence conditions of the FSO system affect the SNR and the BER of the modulation method. The feasibility of heterodyne detection and intensity modulation direct detection (IM/DD) is analyzed in terms of outage probability and ergodic capacity. The results can be used to choose the optimal modulation order and relay system for QAM‐OFDM‐based optical wireless systems.
Disease progression and costs at the 3‐year follow‐up of the GERAS‐US study
Authors: Chandler Julie M. , Rentz Dorene M. , Zagar Anthony , Kim Yongin , Schwartz Ronald L. , Fillit Howard 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionGERAS‐US prospectively characterized clinical and economic outcomes of early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Societal cost changes were examined in amyloid‐positive patients with mild cognitive impairment due to AD (MCI) and mild dementia due to AD (MILD).MethodsCognition, function, and caregiver burden were assessed using Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), Cognitive Function Index (CFI), and Zarit Burden Interview, respectively. Costs are presented as least square mean for the overall population and for MCI versus MILD using mixed model repeated measures.ResultsMMSE score and CFI worsened. Total societal costs (dollars/month) for MCI and MILD, respectively, were higher at baseline ($2430 and $4063) but steady from 6 ($1977 and $3032) to 36 months ($2007 and $3392). Direct non‐medical costs rose significantly for MILD. Caregiver burden was higher for MILD versus MCI at 12, 18, and 24 months.DiscussionFunction and cognition declined in MILD. Non‐medical costs reflect the increasing impact of AD even in its early stages.HIGHLIGHTS
In the GERAS‐US study, total societal costs for patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (MCI) and mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (MILD) were higher at baseline but steady from 6 to 36 months.
Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Cognitive Function Index (CFI) worsened; the rate of decline was significant for patients with MILD but not for those with MCI.
There was a rise in direct non‐medical costs at 36 months for patients with MILD.
Caregiver burden was higher for MILD versus MCI at 12, 18, and 24 months.
Slowing the rate of disease progression in this early symptomatic population may allow patients to maintain their ability to carry out everyday activities longer.
Restylane: What we know
Authors: Lateef Almeera , Snyder Alan , Schlesinger Todd 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRestylane is a hyaluronic acid‐based facial and hand dermal filler line used for cutaneous augmentation and fold‐crease reduction approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2003. It is sourced from nonanimal products which confers low immunogenicity and mitigates risk of hypersensitivity reactions and forgoes the need for allergy testing. Restylane has been observed to have excellent longevity secondary to its unique cross‐linking properties, lasting in the skin for up to 12 months. Despite its relatively low‐risk profile, case reports indicate injection site reactions being common, with more serious adverse events being very rare. In these cases, dissolution of Restylane is performed with hyaluronidase, while intralesional steroids can be utilized to manage unwanted inflammatory reactions. Overall, its low reaction potential, established safety profile, facial filler product‐line consistency as well as indication diversity, and prolonged mechanism of action have been leading factors in its continued popularity over the past two decades.
Self‐care behaviours of patients with left ventricular assist devices in Israel: changes during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Melnikov Semyon , Ben Avraham Binyamin , Itzhaki Ben Zadok Osnat , Shaul Aviv , Abuhazira Miri , Yaari Vicky , Jaarsma Tiny , Ben‐Gal Tuvia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsLeft ventricular assist devices (LVADs) support the hearts of patients with advanced heart failure. Following LVAD implantation, patients face a complex regimen of self‐care behaviours including self‐care maintenance, self‐care monitoring and self‐care management. However, during the COVID‐19 pandemic, symptoms of anxiety and depression may have interfered with their self‐care. Currently, little is known on how specific self‐care behaviours of LVAD‐implanted patients changed during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We aim to describe the changes in self‐care behaviours among patients with an implanted LVAD in Israel during the COVID‐19 pandemic and explore the factors related to self‐care behaviour change.MethodsA prospective observational cross‐sectional study design. A convenience sample of 27 Israeli LVAD‐implanted patients (mean age 62.4 ± 9, 86% male, 78.6% living with a partner) completed the LVAD Self‐Care Behaviour Scale (1 = never to 5 = always) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (0 = not at all to 3 = most of the time). Data were collected before and after the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Israel. Statistical analyses included paired t‐tests, Pearson's correlations, and one‐way repeated measures ANOVAs.ResultsDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, a significant decrease was found in patients' adherence to checking and recording their LVAD speed, flow, power and PI (Pulsatility Index) (P = 0.05), checking their INR (P = 0.01), and daily weighing (P < 0.01). The prevalence of some behaviours (e.g. regularly exercising) increased in some patients and decreased in others. Patients living without a partner worsened their adherence to some of the self‐care behaviours (e.g. taking medicines as prescribed), compared with those living with a partner (Mb = 5.0 ± 0 and Md = 5.0 ± 0, delta = 0 vs. Mb = 5.0 ± 0 and Md = 4.6 ± 0.9, delta = −0.4, respectively; F = 4.9, P = 0.04). Women, and not men, tended to improve their adherence to the self‐care behaviour such as avoiding kinking, pulling, or moving the LVAD driveline at the exit site (Mb = 4.0 ± 1.0 and Md = 5.0 ± 0, delta = 1.0 vs. Mb = 4.5 ± 0.9 and Md = 4.4 ± 1.2, delta = −0.1, F = 4.7, P = 0.04, respectively). In total, 41% (11) patients reported neither anxiety nor depression, 11% (3) reported anxiety, 15% (4) reported depression, and 44% (12) reported both anxiety and depression. No associations between anxiety and/or depression and self‐care behaviours were found.ConclusionsPriorities in self‐care behaviours among patients with implanted LVAD changed after the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Factors that assisted with adherence to self‐care behaviours included living with a partner and being female. The current results may guide further research on identifying behaviours that are at risk of not being maintained during a time of emergency.
Clinical characteristics, outcome, and therapeutic effect of tafamidis in wild‐type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy
Authors: Takashio Seiji , Morioka Mami , Ishii Masanobu , Morikawa Kei , Hirakawa Kyoko , Hanatani Shinsuke , Oike Fumi , Usuku Hiroki , Kidoh Masafumi , Oda Seitaro , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Matsushita Kenichi , Ueda Mitsuharu , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsTafamidis improves prognosis in patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR‐CM). However, real‐world data on the therapeutic effect of tafamidis are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical course, outcomes, and effectivity monitoring of the therapeutic effect of tafamidis in patients with ATTR‐CM.Methods and resultsThis is a single‐centre, retrospective observational study. We evaluated the clinical characteristics and outcomes in 125 consecutive patients with wild‐type ATTR‐CM (ATTRwt‐CM) treated with tafamidis (treatment group) and 55 untreated patients (treatment‐naïve group). We monitored the therapeutic effect of tafamidis for 12 months by evaluating serial cardiac biomarker and imaging findings. The treatment group had significantly more favourable outcome in all‐cause mortality and hospitalization due to heart failure than the treatment‐naïve group in both the entire cohort (P < 0.01) and the propensity score‐matched cohort (P < 0.05). Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that tafamidis treatment significantly reduced all‐cause mortality (P = 0.03, log‐rank test), with the curves diverging after approximately 18 months of treatment in the propensity score‐matched cohort. On inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis, tafamidis treatment showed a reduced all‐cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR), 0.31; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.11–0.93; P = 0.04]. High‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs‐cTnT) > 0.05 ng/mL, B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) > 250 pg/mL, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 scored 1 point each. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a high score (2–3 points) was a significantly poor prognostic factor of composite clinical outcomes, including all‐cause death and hospitalization for heart failure (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.22–1.98; P < 0.01) for patients in the treatment group. After 12 months of tafamidis treatment, hs‐cTnT levels decreased significantly [0.054 (0.036–0.082) vs. 0.044 (0.033–0.076); P = 0.002], with no significant changes in BNP levels, echocardiographic parameters, native T1 value, and extracellular volume fraction on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.ConclusionsThe prognosis of patients with ATTRwt‐CM treated with tafamidis was more favourable than that of untreated patients. Patient stratification combined with biomarkers (hs‐cTnT, BNP, and eGFR) predicted clinical outcomes. hs‐cTnT may be a useful biomarker for evaluating the therapeutic effect of tafamidis.