bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting the financial wellbeing of autistic adults: Part I
Authors: Cai Ru Ying , Hall Gabrielle , Pellicano Elizabeth 
Published: September 2023

Many autistic adults are likely to experience poor financial wellbeing and hardship due to unemployment and under-employment. Research in the general population demonstrates that subjective financial wellbeing—how people perceive their financial situation—influences quality of life. There is no research, however, examining the subjective financial wellbeing of autistic people. This study therefore aimed to (1) understand the subjective financial wellbeing of a sample of autistic adults living in Australia compared to a general Australian population sample and (2) identify the predictors of subjective financial wellbeing in this sample of autistic adults. To this end, 191 autistic adults aged 18–83 years (mean = 39.28, standard deviation = 11.74) completed an online survey about their economic status, financial wellbeing, financial behaviors, confidence in money management skills, and anxiety and depression symptoms. Almost half of our sample felt it was a struggle to make ends meet, whereas only one-third of the general Australian population felt this way. Similar to the general population, autistic people’s income and their financial behaviors (specifically, saving and not borrowing for everyday expenses) predicted their sense of financial wellbeing. Our findings have implications for both research and practice. Lay abstract Researchers have found the way people feel about their financial situation is related to their quality of life. We know that many autistic people find it hard to find a job. And for those autistic people who have a job, they are often underpaid. Not having a job or being underpaid often means having low income. Having low income is likely to influence how autistic people feel about their financial situation. However, no research has looked at these issues for autistic people. This is the first study that helps us learn more about what autistic adults think about their financial situation. We looked at autistic people’s thoughts on this issue compared to people from the general Australian population. We also looked at what things might impact how autistic people feel about their financial situation—which might be how much money they earn, what they do with that money, and their mental health. Many autistic adults felt they were struggling with financial wellbeing and this was connected both to the level of their income and how they said they managed their money. Those who were able to save and not borrow for everyday expenses reported feeling a greater sense of financial wellbeing. Concrete changes might help to improve autistic people’s financial wellbeing. We need to investigate how we can help autistic people find and keep well-paying jobs. And we need to work out the best ways of equipping autistic people with the skills they need in financial matters.
Recurrence of cervical artery dissection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lounsbury Elizabeth , Niznick Naomi , Mallick Ranjeeta , Dewar Brian , Davis Alexandra , Fergusson Dean A , Dowlatshahi Dar , Shamy Michel 
Published: September 2023

Background and Purpose: Cervical artery dissection (CAD) involving the carotid or vertebral arteries is an important cause of stroke in younger patients. The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the risk of recurrent CAD. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on studies in which patients experienced radiographically confirmed dissections involving an extracranial segment of the carotid or vertebral artery and in whom CAD recurrence rates were reported. Results: Data were extracted from 29 eligible studies (n = 5898 patients). Analysis of outcomes was performed by pooling incidence rates with random effects models weighting by inverse of variance. The incidence of recurrent CAD was 4% overall (95% confidence interval (CI) = 3–7%), 2% at 1 month (95% CI = 1–5%), and 7% at 1 year in studies with sufficient follow-up (95% CI = 4–13%). The incidence of recurrence associated with ischemic events was 2% (95% CI = 1–3%). Conclusions: We found low rates of recurrent CAD and even lower rates of recurrence associated with ischemia. Further patient-level data and clinical subgroup analyses would improve the ability to provide patient-level risk stratification.
Self-Assessment of Patient Safety Reporting and Learning System in Private Hospitals in Indonesia
Authors: Rachmawati Emma , Umniyatun Yuyun , Imanda Rahmi , Listiowati Ekorini , Nurmansyah Mochamad Iqbal 
Published: September 2023

Introduction Hospitals are required to implement patients safety incident (PSI) reporting, analysis, and problem-solving. Self-assessment is important for exploring gaps and strengthening PSI reporting and learning system. Objectives This study examined PSI reporting and learning systems through self-assessment based on WHO guidance, analysis of section scores by hospital class, and analysis of section relationships. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted on 193 health workers from 47 Indonesian non-profit private hospitals selected using non-probability sampling. Samples in each hospital consisted of seven hospital staff, including quality and patients’ safety committee, infectious diseases control committee, manager/head of nursing, as well as functional staff comprising doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and nutritionists. Six aspects based on WHO guidance were measured in this study namely 1) environment for reporting, 2) reporting rules and content, 3) analysis and investigation, 4) governance, 5) action and learning, as well as 6) patients’ and family engagement. The data obtained were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis. Results The results showed that the total average score was 64.7 ± 3.3, and the average score on all components of PSI reporting and learning system was minimum 59.3 and maximum 69.6 of a total score of 100. The lowest average score was found in patients’ and family engagement component at 59.3 ± 8.4. Class B hospitals had higher average scores on each component than class C and D hospitals, except on the action and learning and patients’ and family engagement section. There was a significant positive linear correlation between each section of PSI reporting and learning system ( p-value < 0.01). Conclusion The PSI reporting and learning system in hospitals is in need of improvement across all aspects. One specific area that requires attention is the implementation of mechanisms for patient and family engagement, which can play an important role in promoting safety programs.
Developing a practice-driven research agenda in implementation science: Perspectives from experienced implementation support practitioners
Authors: Jensen Todd M. , Metz Allison J. , Disbennett Mackensie E. , Farley Amanda B. 
Published: September 2023

Background Attention is being placed on the “ironic gap” or “secondary” research-to-practice gap in the field of implementation science. Among several challenges posited to exacerbate this research-to-practice gap, we call attention to one challenge in particular—the relative dearth of implementation research that is tethered intimately to the lived experiences of implementation support practitioners (ISPs). The purpose of this study is to feature a qualitative approach to engaging with highly experienced ISPs to inform the development of a practice-driven research agenda in implementation science. In general, we aim to encourage ongoing empirical inquiry that foregrounds practice-driven implementation research questions. Method Our analytic sample was comprised of 17 professionals in different child and family service systems, each with long-term experience using implementation science frameworks to support change efforts. Data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Our analysis followed a qualitative content analysis approach. Our focal conceptual category centered on the desired areas of future research highlighted by respondents, with subcategories reflecting subsets of related research question ideas. Results Interviews yielded varying responses that could help shape a practice-driven research agenda for the field of implementation science. The following subcategories regarding desired areas for future research were identified in respondents’ answers: (a) stakeholder engagement and developing trusting relationships, (b) evidence use, (c) workforce development, and (d) cost-effective implementation. Conclusions There is significant promise in bringing implementation research and implementation practice together more closely and building a practice-informed research agenda to shape implementation science. Our findings point not only to valuable practice-informed gaps in the literature that could be filled by implementation researchers, but also topics for which dissemination and translation efforts may not have yielded optimal reach. We also highlight the value in ISPs bolstering their own capacity for engaging with the implementation science literature to the fullest extent possible.
Risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in women with malignancies undergoing treatment with long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for fertility preservation: a systematic review
Authors: Ingold Caroline , Navarro Paula Andrea , de Oliveira Renato , Barbosa Caio Parente , Bedoschi Giuliano 
Published: September 2023

Background: Fertility preservation is an important quality of life issue for women of reproductive age undergoing gonadotoxic treatment. The possibility of administering an adjuvant long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) with the aim of reducing the number of follicles susceptible to the effects of chemotherapy and thus reducing the risk of ovarian damage is considered in some international society guidelines, particularly in certain cancers such as breast cancer. Nowadays, the administration of long-acting GnRHa after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for fertility preservation by cryopreservation of oocytes or embryos is increasingly used. However, cases of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) have been reported following the use of long-acting GnRHa after COH for fertility preservation, indicating that the potential adverse effects of this treatment need to be further investigated. Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to comprehensively characterize patients who developed OHSS after treatment with long-acting GnRHa following COH for fertility preservation. Methods: A comprehensive search of major electronic databases through January 2023 was performed. Studies reporting the use of long-acting GnRHa after COH for fertility preservation and the development of OHSS were included. Risk of bias was assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results were synthesized qualitatively. Results: Three studies with five patients met the eligibility criteria. The majority of patients were diagnosed with breast cancer and all patients underwent COH for oocyte cryopreservation. OHSS occurred in all patients after administration of long-acting GnRHa. The interval between ovulation induction and administration of long-acting GnRHa thereafter ranged from 3 to 5 days. All patients were treated conservatively and recovered without complications. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that the use of long-acting GnRHa after COH for fertility preservation may be associated with OHSS. Healthcare providers should thoroughly discuss the benefits and risks of this intervention with their patients before making a decision. Further studies are needed to fully elucidate the causal relationship between long-acting GnRHa and OHSS in this population.
HMGB1 and Toll-like receptors: potential therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases
Authors: Ren Wenxuan , Zhao Lei , Sun Ying , Wang Xichang , Shi Xiaoguang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHMGB1, a nucleoprotein, is expressed in almost all eukaryotic cells. During cell activation and cell death, HMGB1 can function as an alarm protein (alarmin) or damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) and mediate early inflammatory and immune response when it is translocated to the extracellular space. The binding of extracellular HMGB1 to Toll-like receptors (TLRs), such as TLR2 and TLR4 transforms HMGB1 into a pro-inflammatory cytokine, contributing to the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases. TLRs, which are members of a family of pattern recognition receptors, can bind to endogenous DAMPs and activate the innate immune response. Additionally, TLRs are key signaling molecules mediating the immune response and play a critical role in the host defense against pathogens and the maintenance of immune balance. HMGB1 and TLRs are reported to be upregulated in several autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and autoimmune thyroid disease. The expression levels of HMGB1 and some TLRs are upregulated in tissues of patients with autoimmune diseases and animal models of autoimmune diseases. The suppression of HMGB1 and TLRs inhibits the progression of inflammation in animal models. Thus, HMGB1 and TLRs are indispensable biomarkers and important therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases. This review provides comprehensive strategies for treating or preventing autoimmune diseases discovered in recent years.
Exendin-4 ameliorates tau hyperphosphorylation and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes through acting on Wnt/β-catenin/NeuroD1 pathway
Authors: Kang Xiaonan , Wang Dan , Zhang Lu , Huang Teng , Liu Siyue , Feng Xiaohui , Guo Yaoyao , Zhang Ziyin , Wang Zhongjing , Ren Huihui , Yuan Gang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an independent risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Exendin-4 (Ex-4), a widely used glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist drug in the treatment of T2D, has been demonstrated the therapeutic effects on diabetic encephalopathy (DE). Especially, the Ex-4 ameliorates the tau hyperphosphorylation and cognitive impairment in DE. And these crucial alterations are also important bridge between T2D and AD. However, its unique mechanism is unclear.

Methods
The db/db mice, high-fat-diet (HFD) / streptozotocin (STZ)—induced diabetic (HF-diabetic) mice, and high-glucose-damaged (HGD) HT-22 hippocampal cells were enrolled to examine the effects of Ex-4 on AD-like changes in T2D. The Novel object recognition test (NORT) and Morris water maze test (MWMT) were conducted to evaluate the cognitive impairment. The Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) was employed to weaken the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to explore the mechanism of Ex-4 in protecting the brain functions. The JASPAR was based to predict the interaction between NeuroD1 and the promoter region of Ins2. Moreover, the chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) and luciferase reporter assays were performed.

Results
Ex-4 alleviated the tau hyperphosphorylation, increased the brain-derived insulin, and improved the PI3K/AKT/GSK3-β signalling in db/db mice, HF-diabetic mice, and HGD HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cells. The NORT and MWMT indicated that Ex-4 alleviated the learning and memory deficits in HF-diabetic mice. The inhibitor Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway significantly blocked the protective effects of Ex-4. Regarding further molecular mechanisms, NeuroD1 was affected by Ex-4 in vivo and in vitro, and the knockdown or overexpression of NeuroD1 suggested its crucial role in promoting the brain insulin by Ex-4. Meanwhile, the ChIP‒qPCR and luciferase reporter assays confirmed the combination between NeuroD1 and the promoter region of the insulin-encoding gene Ins2. And this interaction could be promoted by Ex-4.

Conclusions
Our study proposes that Ex-4 alleviates tau hyperphosphorylation and cognitive dysfunction by increasing Ins2-derived brain insulin through the Wnt/β-catenin/NeuroD1 signaling in T2D. And its also show new lights on part of the progress and mechanism on treatment targets for the DE in T2D.
Land use of energy supply for carbon neutral mobility: a well-to-wheel analysis
Authors: Bakker Stefan , Moorman Saeda , Knoope Marlinde , Terwindt Maurits 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The transition to carbon neutral mobility will require a lot of carbon neutral energy, but a lot of space
as well. In many countries, it will be a challenge to find this space or to import enough energy. Land use indicators related to sustainable mobility usually focus on space for transport infrastructure and parking, i.e. direct land use, and do not include energy supply. Existing literature on the emerging research field of ‘energy landscapes’ has not covered the transport sector.

Objective
The aim of this paper is to estimate the order of magnitude of land or sea area required for carbon neutral mobility.

Method
In a well-to-wheel analysis, we investigate the land use for the production, transport, storage, distribution, and charging/refuelling of carbon neutral energy carriers for various modes of transport. The analysis focuses on the Netherlands, but part of the results are expected to be broadly applicable to other countries as well.

Findings
The results show that electricity from wind or solar energy supplied to electric vehicles is the most space efficient. Use of hydrogen and synthetic fuels in vehicles takes 2–5 times more land, while use of biofuels from energy crops takes 100 times more land compared to the electricity route. We also conclude that the indirect land use for energy supply for carbon neutral road transport in the Netherlands is in the same order of magnitude as the current direct land use of road mobility.
Gene-based burden scores identify rare variant associations for 28 blood biomarkers
Authors: Aldisi Rana , Hassanin Emadeldin , Sivalingam Sugirthan , Buness Andreas , Klinkhammer Hannah , Mayr Andreas , Fröhlich Holger , Krawitz Peter , Maj Carlo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
A relevant part of the genetic architecture of complex traits is still unknown; despite the discovery of many disease-associated common variants. Polygenic risk score (PRS) models are based on the evaluation of the additive effects attributable to common variants and have been successfully implemented to assess the genetic susceptibility for many phenotypes. In contrast, burden tests are often used to identify an enrichment of rare deleterious variants in specific genes. Both kinds of genetic contributions are typically analyzed independently. Many studies suggest that complex phenotypes are influenced by both low effect common variants and high effect rare deleterious variants. The aim of this paper is to integrate the effect of both common and rare functional variants for a more comprehensive genetic risk modeling.

Methods
We developed a framework combining gene-based scores based on the enrichment of rare functionally relevant variants with genome-wide PRS based on common variants for association analysis and prediction models. We applied our framework on UK Biobank dataset with genotyping and exome data and considered 28 blood biomarkers levels as target phenotypes. For each biomarker, an association analysis was performed on full cohort using gene-based scores (GBS). The cohort was then split into 3 subsets for PRS construction and feature selection, predictive model training, and independent evaluation, respectively. Prediction models were generated including either PRS, GBS or both (combined).

Results
Association analyses of the cohort were able to detect significant genes that were previously known to be associated with different biomarkers. Interestingly, the analyses also revealed heterogeneous effect sizes and directionality highlighting the complexity of the blood biomarkers regulation. However, the combined models for many biomarkers show little or no improvement in prediction accuracy compared to the PRS models.

Conclusion
This study shows that rare variants play an important role in the genetic architecture of complex multifactorial traits such as blood biomarkers. However, while rare deleterious variants play a strong role at an individual level, our results indicate that classical common variant based PRS might be more informative to predict the genetic susceptibility at the population level.
A long-read sequencing and SNP haplotype-based novel preimplantation genetic testing method for female ADPKD patient with de novo PKD1 mutation
Authors: Peng Cuiting , Chen Han , Ren Jun , Zhou Fan , Li Yutong , Keqie Yuezhi , Ding Taoli , Ruan Jiangxing , Wang He , Chen Xinlian , Liu Shanling 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe autosomal dominant form of polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary disease that causes late-onset renal cyst development and end-stage renal disease. Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disease (PGT-M) has emerged as an effective strategy to prevent pathogenic mutation transmission rely on SNP linkage analysis between pedigree members. Yet, it remains challenging to establish reliable PGT-M methods for ADPKD cases or other monogenic diseases with de novo mutations or without a family history. Here we reported the application of long-read sequencing for direct haplotyping in a female patient with de novo PKD1 c.11,526 G > C mutation and successfully established the high-risk haplotype. Together with targeted short-read sequencing of SNPs for the couple and embryos, the carrier status for embryos was identified. A healthy baby was born without the PKD1 pathogenic mutation. Our PGT-M strategy based on long-read sequencing for direct haplotyping combined with targeted SNP haplotype can be widely applied to other monogenic disease carriers with de novo mutation.
Higher plasma interleukin − 6 levels are associated with lung cavitation in drug-resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Maseko Thando Glory , Ngubane Slindile , Letsoalo Marothi , Rambaran Santhuri , Archary Derseree , Samsunder Natasha , Perumal Rubeshan , Chinappa Surie , Padayatchi Nesri , Naidoo Kogieleum , Sivro Aida 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung cavitation is associated with heightened TB transmission and poor treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine the relationship between systemic inflammation and lung cavitation in drug-resistant TB patients with and without HIV co-infection.

Methods
Plasma samples were obtained from 128 participants from the CAPRISA 020 Individualized M(X)drug-resistant TB Treatment Strategy Study (InDEX) prior to treatment initiation. Lung cavitation was present in 61 of the 128 drug-resistant TB patients with 93 being co-infected with HIV. The plasma cytokine and chemokine levels were measured using the 27-Plex Human Cytokine immunoassay. Modified Poisson regression models were used to determine the association between plasma cytokine/chemokine expression and lung cavitation in individuals with drug-resistant TB.

Results
Higher Interleukin-6 plasma levels (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.405, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.079–1.829, p = 0.011) were associated with a higher risk of lung cavitation in the multivariable model adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, HIV status, smoking and previous history of TB. Smoking was associated with an increased risk of lung cavitation (aRR 1.784, 95% CI 1.167–2.729, p = 0.008). An HIV positive status and a higher body mass index, were associated with reduced risk of lung cavitation (aRR 0.537, 95% CI 0.371–0.775, p = 0.001 and aRR 0.927, 95% CI 0.874–0.983, p = 0.012 respectively).

Conclusion
High plasma interleukin-6 levels are associated with an increased risk of cavitary TB highlighting the role of interleukin-6 in the immunopathology of drug-resistant TB.