bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community-based hematological reference intervals among apparently healthy adult Eritrean population in Asmara
Authors: Noury Ahmed O , Musa Omer A. , Gasmalbari Elmuiz , Bakhit Barakat M , Tesfamariam Eyasu H , Abraha Daniel M , Ghebre Zekarias B 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most beneficial biological tests used in routine medical practice. The reference intervals (RIs) of the hematological parameters are of major importance for clinical orientations and therapeutic decisions and it is necessary to establish RIs that are population specific. The objective of this study was to establish population-specific reference intervals for hematological parameters among healthy adult Eritreans.MethodUsing a DXH500 analyzer, CBC values were evaluated in samples taken from 401 healthy Eritreans in Asmara city, ranging in age from 18 to 60. For the blood tests, a sample of venous blood was drawn into a tube containing the anticoagulant EDTA. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25, and a P value of 0.05 or above was deemed significant. The upper (97.5th percentile) and lower (2.5th percentile) reference interval boundaries with 95% CI were determined using a non-parametric test. The necessity for gender-based reference interval partitioning was determined using the Harris and Boyd Rule.ResultsThe established 95% reference intervals combined median (2.5th–97.5th percentile) were: that represent both males and females as per the suggestion of Harris and Boyd WBCs, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, MCV, RDW, RDW-SD and MPV (fl) were 6.3(3.62-11.56×103/μL), 39.53(22.10-60.55 %), 8.67(5.70-13.61 %), 49.32(27.09-69.25 %), 1.19(0.22-7.13%), 0.17(0.02-0.61%), 88.10(79.32-96.07fl), 13.50(12.50-15.90 %), 37.25(33.00-43.29%), and 9.29(7.76-11.51fl) respectively. RBCs, Hb, HCT, MCH, MCHC, and platelets were the parameters that required separate RI. Their respective median (2.5th– 97.5thpercentile) for males versus females were 5.40 (4.57-6.21 ×106/μL) versus 4.88 (4.25-5.61×106/μL), 15.66 (13.56-18.13 g/dl) versus 13.50 (11.95-15.68 g/dl, 48 (42.02-53.93%) versus 42.60 (36.40-48.52%), 29.10 (26.02-34.74 pg) versus 28.30 (24.79-31.02 pg), 32.55 (31.60-36.14 g/dl) versus 32.20 (31.10-33.50 14 g/dl) and 273.15 (155.67-399.34) versus 314.35 (113.96-499.55 103/μL).ConclusionThe reference intervals established in this study differ from currently used RIs and thus should be used for the interpretation of laboratory results in diagnosis and safety monitoring in clinical trials in Asmara
Assessment of three-dimensional RNA structure prediction in CASP15
Authors: Das Rhiju , Kretsch Rachael C. , Simpkin Adam J. , Mulvaney Thomas , Pham Phillip , Rangan Ramya , Bu Fan , Keegan Ronan M. , Topf Maya , Rigden Daniel J. , Miao Zhichao , Westhof Eric 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe prediction of RNA three-dimensional structures remains an unsolved problem. Here, we report assessments of RNA structure predictions in CASP15, the first CASP exercise that involved RNA structure modeling. Forty two predictor groups submitted models for at least one of twelve RNA-containing targets. These models were evaluated by the RNA-Puzzles organizers and, separately, by a CASP-recruited team using metrics (GDT, lDDT) and approaches (Z-score rankings) initially developed for assessment of proteins and generalized here for RNA assessment. The two assessments independently ranked the same predictor groups as first (AIchemy_RNA2), second (Chen), and third (RNAPolis and GeneSilico, tied); predictions from deep learning approaches were significantly worse than these top ranked groups, which did not use deep learning. Further analyses based on direct comparison of predicted models to cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) maps and X-ray diffraction data support these rankings. With the exception of two RNA-protein complexes, models submitted by CASP15 groups correctly predicted the global fold of the RNA targets. Comparisons of CASP15 submissions to designed RNA nanostructures as well as molecular replacement trials highlight the potential utility of current RNA modeling approaches for RNA nanotechnology and structural biology, respectively. Nevertheless, challenges remain in modeling fine details such as non- canonical pairs, in ranking among submitted models, and in prediction of multiple structures resolved by cryo-EM or crystallography.
Evidence for microbially-mediated tradeoffs between growth and defense throughout coral evolution
Authors: Epstein Hannah E. , Brown Tanya , Akinrinade Ayomikun O. , McMinds Ryan , Pollock F. Joseph , Sonett Dylan , Smith Styles , Bourne David G. , Carpenter Carolina S. , Knight Rob , Willis Bette L. , Medina Mónica , Lamb Joleah B. , Thurber Rebecca Vega , Zaneveld Jesse R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEvolutionary tradeoffs between life-history strategies are central to animal evolution. However, because microbes can influence aspects of host physiology, behavior, and resistance to stress or disease, changes in animal-microbial symbioses have the potential to mediate life-history tradeoffs. Scleractinian corals provide a highly biodiverse and data-rich host system to test this idea, made more relevant by increases in coral disease outbreaks as a result of anthropogenic changes to climate and reef ecosystems. Identifying factors that determine coral disease susceptibility has therefore become a focus for reef conservation efforts. Using a comparative approach, we tested if coral microbiomes correlate with disease susceptibility across 425 million years of coral evolution by combining a cross-species coral microbiome survey (the “Global Coral Microbiome Project”) with long-term disease prevalence data at multiple sites. Interpreting these data in their phylogenetic context, we show that microbial dominance and composition predict disease susceptibility. We trace this dominance-disease association to a single putatively beneficial bacterial symbiont,Endozoicomonas, whose relative abundance in coral tissue explained 30% of variation in disease susceptibility and 60% of variation in microbiome dominance across 40 coral genera. Conversely,Endozoicomonasabundances in coral tissue strongly correlated with high growth rates. These results demonstrate that the evolution of microbial symbiosis in corals correlates with both disease prevalence and growth rate. Exploration of the mechanistic basis for these findings will be important for our understanding of how microbial symbiosis influences animal life-history tradeoffs, and in efforts to use microbes to increase coral growth or disease resistancein-situ.Significance StatementThe evolution of tropical corals, like that of many organisms, involves tradeoffs in life-history strategy. We sought to test whether microbes influence coral life-history traits. Comparative data from a census of modern coral microbes, combined with long term disease surveys in three regions, provide evidence for a correlation between microbiome structure, growth rate, and disease susceptibility during coral evolution. These trends were driven primarily by changes in the relative abundance ofEndozoicomonasin coral tissue microbiomes, suggesting the novel hypothesis thatEndozoicomonasmay allow corals to grow more quickly at the cost of greater vulnerability to disease. Thus, symbiosis with microbes may be an important aspect of animal life-history strategy.
Genomic epidemiology and multilevel genome typing ofBordetella pertussis
Authors: Payne Michael , Xu Zheng , Hu Dalong , Kaur Sandeep , Octavia Sophie , Sintchenko Vitali , Lan Ruiting 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBordetella pertussisis responsible for the respiratory infectious disease pertussis (or whooping cough), which causes one of the most severe diseases in infants, although it can be prevented by whole cell and acellular vaccines. The recent resurgence of pertussis is partially due to pathogen adaptation to vaccines as well as resistance to antimicrobials. Surveillance of current circulating and emerging strains is therefore vital to understand the risks they pose to public health. Although there is increased genomics based typing, a genomic nomenclature for this pathogen has not been well established. Here, we implemented the Multilevel Genome Typing (MGT) system forB. pertussiswith five levels of resolution, which provide targeted typing of relevant lineages as well as discrimination of closely related strains at the finest scale. The low resolution levels can describe the distribution of alleles of major vaccine antigen genes such asptxP, fim3, fhaBandprnas well as temporal and spatial trends within theB. pertussisglobal population. Mid-resolution levels enables typing of antibiotic resistant lineages and Prn deficient lineages within theptxP3clade. High resolution levels can capture small-scale epidemiology such as local transmission events and has comparable resolution to existing genomic methods of strain relatedness assessment. The scheme offers stable MGT type assignments aiding harmonisation of typing and communication between laboratories. The scheme is available atwww.mgtdb.unsw.edu.au/pertussis/is regularly updated from global data repositories and accepts public data submissions. The MGT scheme provides a comprehensive, robust, and scalable system for global surveillance ofB. pertussis.
Bacterial Pathogen Infection Triggers Magic Spot Nucleotide Signaling inArabidopsis thalianaChloroplasts Through Specific RelA/SpoT Homologs
Authors: Qiu Danye , Riemer Esther , Haas Thomas M. , Prucker Isabel , Masuda Shinji , Wang Yan L. , Felix Georg , Schaaf Gabriel , Jessen Henning J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMagic spot nucleotides (p)ppGpp are important signaling molecules in bacteria and plants. In the latter, RSH enzymes are responsible for (p)ppGpp turnover. Profiling of (p)ppGpp is more difficult in plants than in bacteria due to lower concentrations and more severe matrix effects. Here, we report that capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry (CE-MS) can be deployed to study (p)ppGpp abundance and identity inArabidopsis thaliana. This goal is achieved by combining a titanium dioxide extraction protocol and pre-spiking with chemically synthesized stable isotope labeled internal reference compounds. The high sensitivity and separation efficiency of CE-MS enables monitoring of changes in (p)ppGpp levels inA. thalianaupon infection with the pathogenPseudomonas syringaepv.tomato (PstDC3000). We observed a significant increase of ppGpp post infection that is also stimulated by the flagellin peptide flg22 only. This increase depends on functional flg22 receptor FLS2 and its interacting kinase BAK1 indicating that pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) receptor-mediated signaling controls ppGpp levels. Transcript analyses showed an upregulation ofRSH2upon flg22 treatment and bothRSH2andRSH3afterPstDC3000infection.A. thalianamutants deficient in RSH2 and RSH3 activity display no ppGpp accumulation upon infection and flg22 treatment, supporting involvement of these synthases in PAMP-triggered innate immunity responses to pathogens within the chloroplast.
Domain Acquisition by Class I Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Urzymes Coordinated the Catalytic Functions of HVGH and KMSKS Motifs
Authors: Tang Guo Qing , Hobson Elder Jessica J. , Douglas Jordan , Carter Charles W. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTLeucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) is a Class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS) that catalyzes synthesis of leucyl-tRNAleufor codon-directed protein synthesis on the ribosome. Class I aaRS, which were key to the evolution of genetic coding, contain two discrete signature sequences, HIGH and KMSKS, that participate in transition-state stabilization by the entire eleven-enzyme Class I aaRS superfamily. Combinatorial mutagenesis and thermodynamic cycle analyses of these catalytic signatures in full-lengthPyrococcus horikoshiiLeuRS and the 129-residue urzyme ancestral model generated from it (LeuAC) provide quantitative insight into the evolutionary gain of function induced by acquisition of the anticodon-binding (ABD) and multiple insertion modules in the catalytic domain. The free energy coupling terms, Δ(ΔG‡), are small and unfavorable for LeuAC, but large and favorable for LeuRS. Thus, the ABD and other insertion modules induce strong cooperativity between the two signature sequences, which are uncoupled in LeuAC. These results further substantiate the authenticity of LeuAC urzyme catalysis and implicate domain motion in catalysis by the full-length LeuRS. Most importantly, the implication that backbone elements of secondary structures achieve a major portion of the overall transition-state stabilization by LeuAC is also consistent with coevolution of the genetic code and metabolic pathways necessary to produce histidine and lysine sidechains.Bullet PointsThe LeuRS HVGH and KMSKS signature motifs are energetically coupled by −1.6 kcal/mole.The same motifs are anti-coupled by +0.8 kcal/mole in the 129 residue urzyme, LeuAC.Ancestral Class I aaRS did not require either histidine or lysine for catalysis.
Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Selected Indonesian Phytogenic Blends to Nitric Oxide Synthase – Inducible Protein in Mojosari Ducks (Anas javanica): In-silico Study
Authors: Yudha Harahap Muhammad Andika , Damayanti Cindy Audina , Wibowo Syahputra , Natsir M. Halim , Sjofjan Osfar 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTInflammation is a defensive response to tissue damage, infectious agents, and injury. Necrotic enteritis is an inflammatory response induced by pathogenic bacteria invading the intestines of Mojosari ducks (Anas javanica). In contrast, excessive nitric oxide production by inducible nitric oxide synthase during inflammatory processes can cause significant intestinal tissue damage and cellular toxicity. Oxyresveratrol is an active compound ofMorus albathat has been known to have antioxidant activity and can suppress the inflammatory process, inhibiting the increased expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). However, unfortunately, this plant is not endemic to Indonesia, so using native Indonesian spices that can be a substitute for oxyresveratrol is necessary. The docking results from nine Indonesian phytogenic blends interacting with NOS revealed that cynaroside from thePiper betleL. plant might be utilized instead of oxyresveratrol as an anti-inflammatory drug via the inhibitory pathway of nitric oxide synthase protein. The docking results showed that from the nine compounds tested, it can be concluded that three compounds were found that are better than the control compound (oxyresveratrol) in terms of binding affinity (energy) and the type of hydrogen bonds bond in amino acid proteins that are equal to the amount more than all compounds tested. The three compounds are cynaroside compounds fromPiper betleL. with a binding energy of -9.4 kcal / mol and a Conventional Hydrogen bond type GLU(B):761, GLU(A):761, curcumin compounds fromCurcuma longaL. with a binding energy of -8.6 kcal/mol and Conventional Hydrogen bond type GLN(A):760, GLN(B):760 and compound 14-deoxy-11, 12-didehydroandrographolide fromAndrographis paniculatawith binding energy -8.8 kcal/mol and Conventional Hydrogen bond type GLU(B):761 can be used instead of oxyresveratrol as an anti-inflammatory agent through the inhibition pathway of Nitric Oxide Synthase protein (NOS)
Evidence of the simultaneous replications of active viruses in specimens positive for multiple respiratory viruses
Authors: Kawase Miyuki , Suwa Reiko , Sugimoto Satoko , Kakizaki Masatoshi , Kume Yohei , Chishiki Mina , Ono Takashi , Okabe Hisao , Norito Sakurako , Ujike Makoto , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Hashimoto Koichi , Shirato Kazuya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGenetic diagnostic assays for the detection of respiratory viruses sometimes show simultaneous multiple infections with low copy numbers. In such cases, the disease is considered caused by a single etiologic agent and others are nonspecific reactions and/or contaminations. Interferon-dependent interference is seen in dual infections of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus, which are the main causes of respiratory infections. Virus isolation is one of the solutions in detecting other active viruses present in specimens, and the air–liquid interface culture of human bronchial/tracheal epithelial cells (HBTEC-ALI) is optimal for the isolation of respiratory viruses owing to its wide range of susceptibility. In this study, we successfully confirmed the replications of various viruses from specimens with low copy numbers and passed 2–3 viruses simultaneously using HBTEC-ALI cultures, mainly including human bocavirus 1 and/or human rhinovirus.
CRISPRi-based screens in iAssembloids to elucidate neuron-glia interactions
Authors: Li Emmy , Benitez Camila , Boggess Steven C. , Koontz Mark , Rose Indigo V.L. , Martinez Delsy , Draeger Nina , Teter Olivia M. , Samelson Avi J. , Pierce Na’im , Ullian Erik M. , Kampmann Martin 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThe sheer complexity of the brain has complicated our ability to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying its function in health and disease. Genome-wide association studies have uncovered genetic variants associated with specific neurological phenotypes and diseases. In addition, single-cell transcriptomics have provided molecular descriptions of specific brain cell types and the changes they undergo during disease. Although these approaches provide a giant leap forward towards understanding how genetic variation can lead to functional changes in the brain, they do not establish molecular mechanisms. To address this need, we developed a 3D co-culture system termed iAssembloids (induced multi-lineage assembloids) that enables the rapid generation of homogenous neuron-glia spheroids. We characterize these iAssembloids with immunohistochemistry and single-cell transcriptomics and combine them with large-scale CRISPRi-based screens. In our first application, we ask how glial and neuronal cells interact to control neuronal death and survival. Our CRISPRi-based screens identified that GSK3β inhibits the protective NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response in the presence of reactive oxygen species elicited by high neuronal activity, which was not previously found in 2D monoculture neuron screens. We also apply the platform to investigate the role of APOE- 4, a risk variant for Alzheimer’s Disease, in its effect on neuronal survival. We find that APOE- 4-expressing astrocytes may promote more neuronal activity as compared to APOE- 3- expressing astrocytes. This platform expands the toolbox for the unbiased identification of mechanisms of cell-cell interactions in brain health and disease.
Why do Chinese people prefer domestic products: the role of consumer ethnocentrism, social norms and national identity
Authors: Jia Qifan , Chen Rui , Zuo Yihan , Liu Run , Gong Roushan , Huang Linnan , Chen Chen , Xue Bangyi 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis research aims to find out the reasons why Chinese people prefer domestic products. The authors examine the effect of consumer ethnocentrism (CE), social norms (SNs) and national identity (NI) on willingness to buy (WTB) domestic products in two time points and test the product category differences and age group differences.Design/methodology/approachTwo survey studies (n1 = 314; n2 = 346) were conducted in China in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The authors measured CE, SNs, NI and WTB domestic products in both studies and WTB four categories of products in study 2. Multiple hierarchical linear regression was conducted to test the hypotheses.FindingsIn study 1, the authors found that SNs and NI significantly predicted WTB domestic products, but CE did not. In study 2, the authors found that all three indicators significantly predicted WTB domestic products. CE played a significant and consistent role in different product categories, while SNs and NI had inconsistent effects. NI predicted WTB domestic products for younger people but not for older people.Originality/valueThis research is the first to examine CE, SNs and NI in the same study and the first to explore the role of SNs and NI in WTB domestic products in China. It promotes the understanding of CE and other related factors, increases the knowledge of Chinese consumers’ purchasing behavior and indicates the power of the situation. Practical implications are also discussed.
Backer behaviors – changing investment dynamics in equity crowdfunding markets
Authors: Olsson Ola 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis study aims to establish the shape of investment dynamics in equity crowdfunding to better understand backer behavior.Design/methodology/approachThis study provides insights into when backers invest in successful funding campaigns. It uses t-tests to compare differences in means between observation windows during successful funding campaigns. It is based on 4,938 transactions from 61 campaigns, focusing on the first and last tail ends.FindingsIn contrast to previous findings, the current investment dynamics seem more U-shaped than L-shaped. This supports previous findings about a strong start but also suggests a late collective attention effect. The strength is higher at the first tail end. However, differences in the later tail ends are statistically significant and emphasize the presence of late investment activities, especially in crowded or less complex campaigns.Practical implicationsThese findings emphasize the importance of signaling during the entire funding window. This encourages platforms to invest in user-friendly functionalities that guide entrepreneurs and help backers when investing in successful campaigns.Originality/valueThis study improves the understanding of backer behavior and suggests changing investment dynamics in equity crowdfunding. In addition, this pattern contrasts with previous findings on dynamic collective attention effects in rich digitally informative markets, implying two attention effects when uncertainty is high.
Consumption coping to deal with pandemic stress: impact on subjective well-being and shifts in consumer behavior
Authors: Jain Avinash , Dash Satyabhusan , Malhotra Naresh K. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the role of consumption coping in managing collective tragedy stress and stress outcomes using the COVID-19 pandemic context.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed-method study with a sample size of 931 was conducted to develop the questionnaire, followed by a quantitative study with 1,215 respondents to test the hypotheses.

Findings
The results of this study empirically validated the use of consumption coping and found it effective in managing collective tragedy stress and its outcomes (subjective well-being and continuance intention).

Research limitations/implications
This study advances the literature on stress coping in a collective tragedy context, with a specific focus on consumption coping.

Practical implications
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all elements of the marketing mix. Understanding pandemic-induced stress and the role of consumption coping can help managers to proactively formulate strategic responses suitable for changing consumer habits.

Social implications
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all elements of the marketing mix. Understanding pandemic-induced stress and the role of consumption coping can help managers to proactively formulate strategic responses suitable for changing consumer habits. This should lead to better social outcomes.

Originality/value
This study developed a scale for pandemic-induced stress that integrates various well-established theories to identify the role of consumption coping in managing collective tragedy stress and the psychological mechanism behind the shift in consumer behavior after a collective tragedy.