bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superficial‐layer versus deep‐layer lateral entorhinal cortex: Coding of allocentric space, egocentric space, speed, boundaries, and corners
Authors: Wang Cheng , Lee Heekyung , Rao Geeta , Doreswamy Yoganarasimha , Savelli Francesco , Knierim James J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEntorhinal cortex is the major gateway between the neocortex and the hippocampus and thus plays an essential role in subserving episodic memory and spatial navigation. It can be divided into the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) and the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC), which are commonly theorized to be critical for spatial (context) and non‐spatial (content) inputs, respectively. Consistent with this theory, LEC neurons are found to carry little information about allocentric self‐location, even in cue‐rich environments, but they exhibit egocentric spatial information about external items in the environment. The superficial and deep layers of LEC are believed to mediate the input to and output from the hippocampus, respectively. As earlier studies mainly examined the spatial firing properties of superficial‐layer LEC neurons, here we characterized the deep‐layer LEC neurons and made direct comparisons with their superficial counterparts in single unit recordings from behaving rats. Because deep‐layer LEC cells received inputs from hippocampal regions, which have strong selectivity for self‐location, we hypothesized that deep‐layer LEC neurons would be more informative about allocentric position than superficial‐layer LEC neurons. We found that deep‐layer LEC cells showed only slightly more allocentric spatial information and higher spatial consistency than superficial‐layer LEC cells. Egocentric coding properties were comparable between these two subregions. In addition, LEC neurons demonstrated preferential firing at lower speeds, as well as at the boundary or corners of the environment. These results suggest that allocentric spatial outputs from the hippocampus are transformed in deep‐layer LEC into the egocentric coding dimensions of LEC, rather than maintaining the allocentric spatial tuning of the CA1 place fields.
Emergency calls from migrants to an emergency call centre: A retrospective epidemiological study
Authors: Kalanlar Bilge , Öner Mücahide 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe study aims to evaluate migrants' inclination to call emergency call centres. Records of calls made to an emergency call centre by migrants of different age groups and nationalities were reviewed retrospectively.Materials and methodsA total of 4481 emergency call records from migrants of 33 different nationalities was evaluated between 2017 and 2021.ResultsMigrants called the emergency call centres mostly for medical reasons, and most of their calls resulted in referrals to hospitals. Pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting were among the most common medical reasons for emergency calls. The majority of the calls were in the green triage category, and the calls spread over the week.ConclusionThe results showed that migrants use emergency call services in non‐emergency situations. The study recommended enhancing migrants' knowledge of when and how to utilise emergency call centres and making health planning to meet their specific needs.
Molecular characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma with respect to patient age at diagnosis
Authors: Staaf Johan , Aine Mattias , Nacer Deborah F. , Planck Maria , Arbajian Elsa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLung cancer is primarily a disease of the elderly, with a median age at diagnosis around 70 years. In our study we sought to address the question of whether and how clinical characteristics, molecular alterations and molecular phenotypes differ between patient populations with early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma (AC) with respect to age at diagnosis. Patients were stratified based on age at diagnosis into five systematic age bins (<50, 50‐60, 60‐70, 70‐80 and ≥80 years). To assess clinicopathological variables on a population‐based level, we accessed data from the national quality registry for lung cancer in Sweden. In parallel, we used compiled datasets from public cohorts to investigate focal and genome‐wide DNA alterations, epigenetic alterations, immune composition and transcriptional patterns in relation to age at diagnosis. Gender, stage, WHO performance and likelihood of receiving chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment were linked to age at diagnosis. Associations between younger patient age and likelihood of harboring certain driver mutations (eg, in EGFR and ALK) were confirmed. We also found an association between age at diagnosis and certain mutational signatures. However, age did not seem to drive transcriptional, copy number, or epigenetic variation in the tumors. Based on our findings, age at diagnosis alone does not appear to provide an additional layer of biological complexity above that of proposed genetic and transcriptional phenotypes of AC.
Endometrial cancer risk with menopausal hormone therapy: Health Insurance Database in South Korea‐based cohort study
Authors: Yuk Jin‐Sung 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the risk of endometrial cancer according to the types of menopausal hormones used.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study recruited postmenopausal women older than 40 years from 2003 to 2011, utilizing data from the Korean national health insurance system from 2002 to 2019. The menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) group consisted of women who had been prescribed MHT for greater than 6 months between 2003 and 2011. The non‐MHT group consisted of women who had never used menopausal hormones between 2003 and 2011.ResultsA non‐MHT group of 1 000 550 women and a MHT group of 353 025 women were chosen. In comparison to never‐users, the risk of endometrial cancer was not higher in women who reported last using tibolone (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96–1.2), combined estrogen plus progestin by the manufacturer (aHR 0.83, 0.72–0.96), combined estrogen plus progestin by the physician (aHR 0.88, 0.7–1.12), and transdermal estrogen (aHR 1.13, 0.36–3.52).ConclusionsTibolone, combined estrogen plus progestin by the physician, and transdermal estrogen do not affect the risk of endometrial cancer. The combination of estrogen plus progestin by the manufacturer decreases the risk of endometrial cancer.
Clinical use of mixed reality for laparoscopic myomectomy
Authors: Ochi Yoshifumi , Yanai Shiori , Yoshino Yasunori , Sawada Mari , Sakate Shintaro , Kanno Kiyoshi , Andou Masaaki 
Published: March 2023

SynopsisMixed reality is useful for assessing the location of uterine fibroids during laparoscopic myomectomy, potentially reducing recurrence of fibroid remnants and improving quality of life.
Combining the guidelines and multiphoton imaging methods to improve the prognostic value of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer
Authors: He Jiajia , Kang Deyong , Xu Meifang , Han Zhonghua , Guo Wenhui , Fu Fangmeng , Qiu Lida , Zheng Liqin , Xi Gangqin , Wang Wei , Ren Wenjiao , Han Xiahui , Tu Haohua , Li Lianhuang , Wang Chuan , Chen Jianxin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMultiphoton microscopy (MPM) was introduced to label‐freely obtain tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) images from a total of 611 patients, and the prognostic value of TILs in breast cancer was assessed by the MPM method (TILs‐MPM) and guidelines method proposed by the International Immuno‐Oncology Biomarker Working Group (TILs‐WG), respectively. Moreover, the clinical (CLI) model, TILs‐WG + TILs‐MPM model, and full model (CLI + TILs‐WG + TILs‐MPM) were developed to investigate the prognostic value of TILs. The results show that TILs‐WG performs better in estrogen receptor (ER)‐negative subgroup, and TILs‐MPM is comparable with TILs‐WG in the ER‐negative subgroup, but has the best performance in the ER‐positive subgroup. Furthermore, the TILs‐WG + TILs‐MPM model can significantly improve the prognostic power compared with the TILs‐WG model, and the full model has excellent performance, with high area under the curve (AUC) and hazard ratio (HR) in both ER‐positive, ER‐negative subgroups, and the complete cohort. Our results suggest that the combination of TILs‐WG with TILs‐MPM model can greatly improve the prognostic value of TILs.
Crosslinkable fluorophenoxy‐substituted poly[bis(octafluoropentoxy) phosphazene] biomaterials with improved antimicrobial effect and hemocompatibility
Authors: Alwine Shelby , Chen Chen , Shen Lihui , Allcock Harry R. , Siedlecki Christopher A. , Xu Li‐Chong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBiomaterial‐associated microbial infection is one of the most frequent and severe complications associated with the use of biomaterials in medical devices. In previous studies, we developed new fluorinated polyphosphazenes, poly[bis(octafluoropentoxy) phosphazene] (OFP) and crosslinkable OFP (X‐OFP), and demonstrated the inhibition of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, thereby controlling microbial infection. In this study, two additional fluorinated polyphosphazenes (PPs, defined as LS02 and LS03) with fluorophenoxy‐substituted side groups, 4‐fluorophenoxy and 4‐(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy, respectively, based on X‐OFP general structure, were synthesized and applied as coatings on stainless steel. The linkage of fluorophenoxy groups to the P‐N backbone of PPs was found to increase the surface stiffness and significantly reduced Staphylococcus bacterial adhesion and inhibited biofilm formation. It also significantly reduced microbial infection compared to OFP, our prior X‐OFPs or poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy) phosphazene] (TFE). The biofilm experiments show that the newly synthesized PPs LS02 and LS03 are biofilm free up to 28 days. Plasma coagulation and platelet adhesion/activation experiments also demonstrated that new PPs containing fluorophenoxy side groups are hemocompatible. The development of new crosslinkable fluorinated PPs containing fluorophenoxy‐substituted side groups provides a new generation of polyphosphazene materials for medical devices with improved resistance to microbial infections and thrombosis formation.
Grieving in community: Accompanying bereaved parents
Authors: Venema Marnie , Klaassen Derrick , Kwee Janelle , Rossen Larissa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study explored relational grieving in community by examining how community members grieve with bereaved parents after the death of a child. Three bereaved parent couples and their community members were interviewed together using the qualitative action‐project method to examine their shared grieving actions. Data was analyzed through top‐down and bottom‐up processes to understand the shared intentions of their grieving actions together. The findings of this research elicited thick descriptions of relational grieving at a community level. Four main assertions of how communities grieve with bereaved parents emerged, and include: (a) selflessly offering emotional and practical support, (b) engaging in and honouring vulnerability, (c) holding the complexity of grieving, and (d) fostering remembrance of the deceased child together. The novel descriptions of relational grieving in community contributed to the growing area of relational bereavement research. The theoretical, empirical, and clinical implications of this study are discussed.
Multi‐assembled nanofiltration membranes with excellent separation and catalytic performance
Authors: Ma Mengxu , Yan Hongding , Hou Qian , Zhou Chenkai , Wang Yangyang , Xia Min , Jia Yanrong , Ni Huagang , Ye Peng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAccording to the characteristics of various nanomaterials, assembling these nanomaterials is an effective way to control the structure and properties of nanocomposites.RESULTSIn this work, nanofiltration membranes (NM) were prepared by assembling several nanomaterials that have excellent separation and catalytic properties. SiO2 nanoparticles were employed to optimize the water nanochannels between graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets to fabricate GO/SiO2 NM, whose water flux was 73.2 L m−2 h−1 and the rejection ratio was 99.1%. The combination of high‐conductivity hydroxylated graphene (G‐OH) with flake NiCo‐BDC (BDC refers to deprotonated terephthalic acid) ultra‐thin metal organic framework (UMOF) to obtain UMOF&G‐OH could improve the catalytic performance of the UMOF by about 23.5%. In order to realize the synchronous catalysis and separation performance of nanofiltration membrane, UMOF&G‐OH was reassembled with GO and SiO2. The pure water flux of (UMOF&G‐OH)/GO/SiO2 nanofiltration membrane was 95.8 L m−2 h−1 and the rejection ratio was 99.1%. TiO2 nanoparticles were added to the membrane to regulate the distance between the flake, and the selective permeation of the composite membrane was further improved to 99.9%; the pure water flux reached 92.6 L m−2 h−1.CONCLUSIONThe introduction of G‐OH would be beneficial in improving the migration and separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron holes, and effectively improve the catalytic performance of the semiconductor catalyst. Through the assembly of a variety of nanoparticles and lamellar materials, the water nanochannel could be accurately controlled and the catalytic performance of the membrane could be given, so as to obtain a nanofiltration membrane with high water flux and high rejection ratio. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Liver elastography can predict degree of advanced fibrosis for autoimmune hepatitis in biochemical remission
Authors: Paranaguá‐Vezozzo Denise Cerqueira , Benedita Terrabuio Débora Raquel , Reinoso‐Pereira Gleicy Luz , Moutinho Renata , Kioko Ono Suzane , Walwyn Salas Veronica , Dias França Joao Italo , Alves Venâncio Avancini Ferreira , Cançado Eduardo Luiz Rachid , Carrilho Flair José 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim was to analyze the concordance of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) either by transient elastography (TE) or ARFI with liver biopsy in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients with biochemical remission and to identify those with histological remission. Liver biopsy is still the golden standard for AIH diagnosis. However, it is an invasive procedure and these patients, most of the time, require many biopsies, so it would be valuable to search for noninvasive method that could select all these patients and keep under observation.MethodsThirty‐three patients with AIH were submitted for liver biopsy to evaluate histological remission after at least 18 months of normal aminotransferases. The efficiency of LSM and fibrosis stages was tested by a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (AUROC).ResultsOne patient (3%) was F0, 6 (18.2%) were F1, 8 (24.2%) were F2, 10 (30.3%) were F3, and 8 (24.2%) were F4, according to METAVIR. Thirteen of thirty‐three (39.4%) patients did not achieve histological remission. AUROC for F4 stage was 0.83 (IC: 0.76–0.99) for TE and 0.78 (IC: 0.65–0.95) for ARFI. Optimal LSM cutoff values were 12.3 kPa (Se = 87.5%, Sp = 88%) for TE and 1.65 m/s (Se = 87.5%, Sp = 76%) for ARFI. The tests were unable to differentiate patients with histological activity from those in histological remission (P < 0.05).ConclusionTE and ARFI accurately identify liver fibrosis by METAVIR score in AIH patients with biochemical remission. No cutoff value was detected to indicate whether the patient achieved histological remission.
Deep Learning With an Attention Mechanism for Differentiating the Origin of Brain Metastasis Using MR images
Authors: Jiao Tianyu , Li Fuyan , Cui Yi , Wang Xiao , Li Butuo , Shi Feng , Xia Yuwei , Zhou Qing , Zeng Qingshi 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundBrain metastasis (BM) is a serious neurological complication of cancer of different origins. The value of deep learning (DL) to identify multiple types of primary origins remains unclear.PurposeTo distinguish primary site of BM and identify the best DL models.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 449 BM derived from 214 patients (49.5% for female, mean age 58 years) (100 from small cell lung cancer [SCLC], 125 from non‐small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], 116 from breast cancer [BC], and 108 from gastrointestinal cancer [GIC]) were included.Field Strength/SequenceA 3‐T, T1 turbo spin echo (T1‐TSE), T2‐TSE, T2FLAIR‐TSE, DWI echo‐planar imaging (DWI‐EPI) and contrast‐enhanced T1‐TSE (CE T1‐TSE).AssessmentLesions were divided into training (n = 285, 153 patients), testing (n = 122, 93 patients), and independent testing cohorts (n = 42, 34 patients). Three‐dimensional residual network (3D‐ResNet), named 3D ResNet6 and 3D ResNet 18, was proposed for identifying the four origins based on single MRI and combined MRI (T1WI + T2‐FLAIR + DWI, CE‐T1WI + DWI, CE‐T1WI + T2WI + DWI). DL model was used to distinguish lung cancer from non‐lung cancer; then SCLC vs. NSCLC for lung cancer classification and BC vs. GIC for non‐lung cancer classification was performed. A subjective visual analysis was implemented and compared with DL models. Gradient‐weighted class activation mapping (Grad‐CAM) was used to visualize the model by heatmaps.Statistical TestsThe area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) assess each classification performance.Results3D ResNet18 with Grad‐CAM and AIC showed better performance than 3DResNet6, 3DResNet18 and the radiologist for distinguishing lung cancer from non‐lung cancer, SCLC from NSCLC, and BC from GIC. For single MRI sequence, T1WI, DWI, and CE‐T1WI performed best for lung cancer vs. non‐lung cancer, SCLC vs. NSCLC, and BC vs. GIC classifications. The AUC ranged from 0.675 to 0.876 and from 0.684 to 0.800 regarding the testing and independent testing datasets, respectively. For combined MRI sequences, the combination of CE‐T1WI + T2WI + DWI performed better for BC vs. GIC (AUCs of 0.788 and 0.848 on testing and independent testing datasets, respectively), while the combined MRI approach (T1WI + T2‐FLAIR + DWI, CE‐T1WI + DWI) could not achieve higher AUCs for lung cancer vs. non‐lung cancer, SCLC vs. NSCLC. Grad‐CAM helped for model visualization by heatmaps that focused on tumor regions.Data ConclusionDL models may help to distinguish the origins of BM based on MRI data.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2.
MRI Assessment of Renal Lipid Deposition and Abnormal Oxygen Metabolism of Type 2 diabetes Mellitus Based on mDixon‐Quant
Authors: Yang Chun , Wang Zhe , Zhang Jinliang , Wang Yuxin , Wang Zunsong , Wang HuanJun , Wang Yishi , Li Wei 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of end‐stage renal failure. Multiecho Dixon‐based imaging utilizes chemical shift for water–fat separation that may be valuable in detecting changes both fat and oxygen content of the kidney from a single dataset.PurposeTo investigate whether multiecho Dixon‐based imaging can assess fat and oxygen metabolism of the kidney in a single breath‐hold acquisition for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Study TypeProspective.SubjectsA total of 40 DM patients with laboratory examination of biochemical parameters and 20 age‐ and body mass index (BMI)‐matched healthy volunteers (controls).Field Strength/Sequence3D multiecho Dixon gradient‐echo sequence at 3.0 T.AssessmentThe DM patients were divided into two groups based on urine albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (ACR): type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM, 20 patients, ACR < 30 mg/g) and diabetic nephropathy (DN, 20 patients, ACR ≥ 30 mg/g). In all subjects, fat fraction (FF) and relaxation rate (R2*) maps were derived from the Dixon‐based imaging dataset, and mean values in manually drawn regions of interest in the cortex and medulla compared among groups. Associations between MRI and biochemical parameters, including β2‐microglobulin, were investigated.Statistical TestsKruskal–Wallis tests, Spearman correlation analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsFF and R2* values of the renal cortex and medulla were significantly different among the three groups with control group < DM < DN (FF: control, 1.11± 0.30, 1.10 ± 0.39; DM, 1.52 ± 0.32, 1.57 ± 0.35; DN, 1.99 ± 0.66, 2.21 ± 0.59. R2*: Control, 16.88 ± 0.77, 20.70 ± 0.86; DM, 17.94 ± 0.75, 22.10 ± 1.12; DN, 19.20 ± 1.24, 23.63 ± 1.33). The highest correlation between MRI and biochemical parameters was that between cortex R2* and β2‐microglobulin (r = 0.674). A medulla R2* cutoff of 21.41 seconds−1 resulted in a sensitivity of 80%, a specificity of 85% and achieved the largest area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.83 for discriminating DM from the controls. A cortex FF of 1.81% resulted in a sensitivity of 80%, a specificity of 100% and achieved the largest AUC of 0.83 for discriminating DM from DN.Data ConclusionMultiecho Dixon‐based imaging is feasible for noninvasively distinguishing DN, DM and healthy controls by measuring FF and R2* values.Evidence Level2.Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Response and duration of serum anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies induced by the third dose of an inactivated vaccine: A prospective longitudinal cohort study at 21 serial time points over 641 days
Authors: Zheng Xin‐Qi , Xu Qiu‐Yan , Xie Lin , He Yun , Wang Yong‐Jing , Liu Li‐Li , Lin Li‐Rong , Yang Tian‐Ci 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGiven the prevalence of low‐pathogenic but highly infectious Omicron variants, a cohort study was conducted to assess the response and duration of novel coronavirus‐inactivated vaccine‐induced antibodies 1 year after the third dose (Day 641). Blood samples were collected and anti‐spike neutralizing antibodies (neutralizing antibody), total antibodies against the receptor‐binding domain of the spike protein (total antibody), and immunoglobulin G antibodies against the spike protein (IgG antibody) were determined. Antibody kinetics and attenuation were evaluated. The results showed that the levels of neutralizing, total, and IgG antibodies on Day 641 were 98.05 IU/mL, 152.8 AU/mL, and 7.68 S/CO, respectively. Levels of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies were higher in the younger subgroup than in the older subgroup at several time points after the second and third doses. The seropositive rate of neutralizing antibodies providing protection from infection or severe infection was 46.87% and 87.5%, and the seropositive rates of total antibody and IgG antibody were maintained at 100% and 90.63%, respectively. The half‐lives of neutralizing, total, and IgG antibodies were 186.89, 363.04, and 417.50 days, respectively. Collectively, anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies may provide a certain degree of protection from infection 1 year after the third dose and high protection from severe infection.