bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variations in the archaeal community and associated methanogenesis in peat profiles of three typical peatland types in China
Authors: Chen Xuhui , Xue Dan , Wang Yue , Qiu Qing , Wu Lin , Wang Meng , Liu Jiawen , Chen Huai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Peatlands contain about 500 Pg of carbon worldwide and play a dual role as both a carbon sink and an important methane (CH4) source, thereby potentially influencing climate change. However, systematic studies on peat properties, microorganisms, methanogenesis, and their interrelations in peatlands remain limited, especially in China. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the physicochemical properties, archaeal community, and predominant methanogenesis pathways in three typical peatlands in China, namely Hani (H), Taishanmiao (T), and Ruokeba (R) peatlands, and quantitively determine their CH4 production potentials.

Results
These peatlands exhibited high water content (WC) and total carbon content (TC), as well as low pH values. In addition, R exhibited a lower dissolved organic carbon concentration (DOC), as well as higher total iron content (TFe) and pH values compared to those observed in T. There were also clear differences in the archaeal community between the three peatlands, especially in the deep peat layers. The average relative abundance of the total methanogens ranged from 10 to 12%, of which Methanosarcinales and Methanomicrobiales were the most abundant in peat samples (8%). In contrast, Methanobacteriales were mainly distributed in the upper peat layer (0–40 cm). Besides methanogens, Marine Benthic Group D/Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Euryarchaeotic Group 1 (MBG–D/DHVEG–1), Nitrosotaleales, and several other orders of Bathyarchaeota also exhibited high relative abundances, especially in T. This finding might be due to the unique geological conditions, suggesting high archaeal diversity in peatlands. In addition, the highest and lowest CH4 production potentials were 2.38 and 0.22 μg g−1 d−1 in H and R, respectively. The distributions of the dominant methanogens were consistent with the respective methanogenesis pathways in the three peatlands. The pH, DOC, and WC were strongly correlated with CH4 production potentials. However, no relationship was found between CH4 production potential and methanogens, suggesting that CH4 production in peatlands may not be controlled by the relative abundance of methanogens.

Conclusions
The results of the present study provide further insights into CH4 production in peatlands in China, highlighting the importance of the archaeal community and peat physicochemical properties for studies on methanogenesis in distinct types of peatlands.
Hyperhidrosis quality of life index (HidroQoL): further validation by applying classical test theory and item response theory using data from a phase III clinical trial
Authors: Donhauser Theresa , Apfelbacher Christian , Kann Gesina , Masur Clarissa , Kamudoni Paul , Salek Sam , Abels Christoph , Gabes Michaela 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The Hyperhidrosis Quality of Life Index (HidroQoL ©) is a well-developed and validated patient-reported outcome measure assessing the quality-of-life impacts in hyperhidrosis with 18 items. Our aim was to extend the already existing validity evidence for the HidroQoL, especially in relation to structural validity. Especially Rasch analysis has not been applied to the final 18-item HidroQoL before.

Methods
Data from a phase III clinical trial were used. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to confirm the two a priori HidroQoL scales within classical test theory. Furthermore, the assumptions of the Rasch model (model fit, monotonicity, unidimensionality, local independence) and Differential Item Functioning (DIF) were assessed using item response theory.

Results
The sample included 529 patients with severe primary axillary hyperhidrosis. The two-factor structure could be confirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis (SRMR = 0.058). The item characteristic curves showed mainly optimally functioning response categories, indicating monotonicity. The overall fit to the Rasch model was adequate and unidimensionality for the HidroQoL overall scale could be confirmed, since the first factor had an eigenvalue of 2.244 and accounted for 18.7%. Local independence was below assumed thresholds (residual correlations ≤ 0.26). DIF analysis, controlling for age or gender, was critical for four and three items, respectively. However, this DIF could be explained.

Conclusion
Using classical test theory and item response theory/Rasch analyses, this study provided further evidence for the structural validity of the HidroQoL. This study confirmed several specific (measurement) properties of the HidroQoL questionnaire in patients with physician-confirmed severe primary axillary hyperhidrosis: the HidroQoL is a unidimensional scale allowing the summation of scores to generate a single score, and simultaneously it has a dual structure, also allowing the calculation of separate domain scores for daily activities and psychosocial impacts. With this study, we provided new evidence of the structural validity of the HidroQoL in the context of a clinical trial.
Trial registration The study was registered (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03658616, 05 September 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03658616?term=NCT03658616&draw=2&rank=1).
Separation, speciation and quantification of both chromium (VI) and chromium (III) in tanned leather samples: a comparative study and validation of analytical methods
Authors: Arellano-Sánchez Mónica Gisel , Vievard Juliette , Moufarrej Lamia , Devouge-Boyer Christine , Hubert-Roux Marie , Afonso Carlos , Mignot Mélanie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the present work, a comparative study of analytical methods for the simultaneous and quantitative determination of trivalent and hexavalent chromium is presented. For the analysis by ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, two different columns were tested, as well as different mobile phases and different pH of the samples. The optimized analytical method permitted the separation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) using 75 mmol/L NH4NO3 pH 3 as chromatographic eluent. The method was validated and applied to real samples, allowing the determination of both species simultaneously, even when there is a huge difference of concentration between Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Limit of detection and limit of quantification for Cr(III) were found to be 0.016 and 0.054 $$\upmu$$
μ
g/L (0.3 and 1.1 $$\upmu$$
μ
g/kg), respectively, and for Cr(VI) 0.13 and 0.43 $$\upmu$$
μ
g/L (7 and 22 $$\upmu$$
μ
g/kg), respectively. Possible species interconversions were monitored through the use of chromium isotopic standards, which confirmed that the optimized methodology preserves chromium speciation during extraction and analysis. Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry permitted the structure elucidation of the complex formed during ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid extraction.
Graphical Abstract
Diagnostic value of whole -body diffusion weighted imaging added to bone scan in early diagnosis of bone metastases in breast cancer patients
Authors: Abd elsalam Sahar Mahmoud , ELbadawi Mohamed Ahmed , Diab Waleed Ahmed , Said Ahmad Hesham Mohamed , Gomaa Manal Ibraheim 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Metastases to the bones are a frequent location of metastasis in advanced breast cancer and are responsible for substantial morbidity and healthcare expenses. Imaging has been crucial in directing patient therapy for decades, contributing to the staging and response evaluation of the skeleton. This research aimed to assess the diagnostic value of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion-weighted imaging added to radionuclide bone scans for early diagnosis of bone metastases in breast cancer patients.

Results
The study was a prospective observational cohort study performed on 20 patients with breast cancer and suspected bone metastases. The patients were evaluated first by obtaining a detailed personal history. Laboratory tests, including CBC, liver, and kidney function tests were assessed. All patients were examined by diffusion-weighted whole-body MRI (DWIBS; diffusion-weighted imaging with background body signal suppression) images and bone scintigraphy after intravenous injection of 20 mci of technetium-99m (99mTc) methylene diphosphonate using a dual head gamma camera. The total number of lesions detected by bone scan was 74, and 75 lesions were seen by DWIBS. Twenty-four lesions were missed by bone scan and detected by DWIBS. Fourteen lesions were detected by bone scan and found free by DWIBS examination in the spine and pelvic bones.

Conclusions
Whole body DWIBS seems to be a promising method of imaging in detecting bone metastases from breast cancer that could be used complementary to the traditional bone scan for more accurate diagnosis and staging of the tumor, helping to determine the most appropriate protocol of management.
Thyroxine restores hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in a male rat model of carbimazole-induced hypothyroidism: a histological study
Authors: Farag Eman Abas , Filobbos Soheir Assaad , Afifi Noha Mohammed , Mahmoud Shimaa Tarek , Alghandour Sarah Mohammed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Adult-onset hypothyroidism has a deleterious effect on hippocampal cognitive and memory functions. This study was performed to evaluate the possible therapeutic effect of thyroxine on hippocampus degeneration in an adult male rat model of carbimazole-induced hypothyroidism and the potentiality of spontaneous recovery. Thirty-two adult male albino rats were divided equally into four groups, as follows: I (control group), II (hypothyroidism group) received carbimazole (20 mg/kg) orally once daily for 4 weeks; III (recovery group) rats were managed as in group II, then left untreated for an additional 4 weeks to assess spontaneous recovery; and IV (thyroxine-treated group): hypothyroidism was induced as in group II, then rats received levothyroxine (20 µg/kg/day) orally for 4 weeks. Rats and their corresponding controls were sacrificed after 4 weeks in group II and after 8 weeks in groups III and IV. The levels of T3, T4, and TSH were measured. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining of thyroid and hippocampal sections was performed. Additionally, toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemical staining for PCNA, GFAP, and synaptophysin were applied to hippocampus sections. Both morphometric measurements and statistical analysis were performed.

Results
Comparison of thyroxine-treated group with hypothyroidism and recovery groups revealed a significant reduction in TSH level and an increase in T3 and T4 levels, as well as improved histological architecture in both the thyroid and hippocampal sections. Hippocampal sections revealed a significant decrease in the mean area percent of GFAP, a significant increase in the mean number of PCNA-positive cells in the subgranular zone (SGZ); a niche for the adult neural stem cells (NSCs) in the hippocampus; and a significant increase in the mean area percent as well as the mean optical density of synaptophysin.

Conclusion
Hippocampal degeneration is induced by hypothyroidism and can be restored by thyroxine replacement therapy, probably through neuronal cell preservation, synaptogenesis, and stimulation of neurogenesis in SGZ. On the other hand, spontaneous recovery from this degeneration was inadequate.
Equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics of batch adsorption of Mn(II) ions on blast furnace slag (BFS) and kaolin (KGA)
Authors: Chouchane Toufik , Boukari Atmen. , Khireddine Ouahida , Chibani Sana , Chouchane Sabiha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article describes the discontinuous adsorption of Mn(II) on kaolin from Guelma, Algeria (KGA), and blast furnace slag from Sider, Algeria (BFS), under the effect of various parameters, namely the contact time, the stirring speed, the pH of the medium, the solution temperature, the adsorbent dosage, the solid particle size, and the initial concentration. Also studied were the models of adsorption, namely the isotherms of adsorption, the kinetics of adsorption, and the thermodynamic study of Mn on the examined adsorbents. Characterization tests have indicated that kaolin consists essentially of hydrated aluminum silicate. The BFS is mainly composed of silicates, aluminates, lime, and magnesium oxide. The specific surface areas of kaolin and BFS calculated using the BET were defined at 134.2 and 238.6m2/g. The adsorption rate of Mn(II) on KGA and BFS is better after 50 and 60 min of contact at Vag: 150 rpm; pH: 5.2; Øs: 100 μm; T: 20 °C; Ms: 1 g, respectively. Maximum adsorption capacities are 36.76 mg/g (KGA) and 59.88 mg/g (BFS). Examination of the adsorption isotherms revealed that the Langmuir model is more appropriate to the experimental data (R2 = 0.99). The values of the Freundlich (n), Langmuir (RL), and Temkin (bt) parameters indicate that the adsorption is favorable. The kinetic examination demonstrated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model is more adopted for the adsorption of Mn(II) on KGA and BFS (R2 = 0.99). Furthermore, the transfer of Mn(II) from the solution to the surfaces of the investigated adsorbents is controlled by external and internal diffusion. The thermodynamic study brought to light that the adsorption processes carried out were spontaneous, exothermic, and less entropic. This work showed that KGA and BFS can be used as low-cost adsorbents for the removal of Mn(II) ions in aqueous media, and BFS has higher affinities for manganese ion adsorption.
Evaluating Nurses' Time to Response by Severity and Cancer Stage in a Remote Symptom Monitoring Program for Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Caston Nicole E. , Franks Jeffrey A. , Balas Nora , Eltoum Noon , Thigpen Haley , Patterson Megan , Azuero Andres , Ojesina Akinyemi I. , Dent D'Ambra N. , Hildreth Keyonsis , Lalor Fallon R. , McGowen Chelsea , Huang Chao-Hui S. , Dionne-Odom J. Nicholas , Weiner Bryan J. , Jackson Bradford E. , Basch Ethan M. , Stover Angela M. , Howell Doris , Pierce Jennifer Y. , Rocque Gabrielle B. 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE Remote symptom monitoring (RSM) using electronic patient-reported outcomes enables patients with cancer to communicate symptoms between in-person visits. A better understanding of key RSM implementation outcomes is crucial to optimize efficiency and guide implementation efforts. This analysis evaluated the association between the severity of patient-reported symptom alerts and time to response by the health care team. METHODS This secondary analysis included women with stage I-IV breast cancer who received care at a large academic medical center in the Southeastern United States (October 2020-September 2022). Symptom surveys with at least one severe symptom alert were categorized as severe. Response time was categorized as optimal if the alert was closed by a health care team member within 48 hours. Odds ratios (ORs), predicted probabilities, and 95% CIs were estimated using a patient-nested logistic regression model. RESULTS Of 178 patients with breast cancer included in this analysis, 63% of patients identified as White and 85% of patients had a stage I-III or early-stage cancer. The median age at diagnosis was 55 years (IQR, 42-65). Of 1,087 surveys included, 36% reported at least one severe symptom alert and 77% had an optimal response time by the health care team. When compared with surveys that had no severe symptom alerts, surveys with at least one severe symptom alert had similar odds of having an optimal response time (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.68 to 1.38). The results were similar when stratified by cancer stage. CONCLUSION Response times to symptom alerts were similar for alerts with at least one severe symptom compared with alerts with no severe symptoms. This suggests that alert management is being incorporated into routine workflows and not prioritized based on disease or symptom alert severity.
Improving Access to Early Palliative Care Delivery for Patients With an Advanced Thoracic Malignancy Through an Embedded Oncopalliative Clinic Model
Authors: Agne Julia L. , Bertino Erin M. , Gast Kelly , Grogan Madison M. , Janse Sarah , Benedict Jason , Presley Carolyn J. 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE Early integration of palliative care (PC) with standard oncology care is driving the development of innovative PC delivery models. METHODS This was a single-institution retrospective study of outpatient PC before and after the opening of an embedded thoracic oncology-palliative clinic at The Ohio State University. Patients included in the preintervention (October 2017-July 2018) and postintervention (October 2018-July 2019) cohorts had a diagnosis of any non–small-cell lung cancer (stages I-IV) or small-cell lung cancer (limited or extensive stage) and were newly established in the thoracic medical oncology clinic during the study time periods. All patients in the preintervention cohort had access to outpatient PC through a freestanding clinic, while the postintervention cohort had access to both freestanding and embedded clinics. Using time-to-event analyses, we evaluated differences in time intervals from first medical oncology visit to PC referral and first PC visit between cohorts. RESULTS The majority of patients in both cohorts had metastatic disease at diagnosis. In the postintervention cohort, 20.9% of patients were referred to outpatient PC compared with 9.2% in the preintervention cohort ( P < .01). PC referrals for patients outside of Franklin and adjacent counties increased from 4.0% to 14.2% after opening the embedded clinic ( P < .01). Completion percentages of PC referrals increased from 57.6% to 76.0% in the preintervention versus postintervention cohorts ( P = .048). Median time from palliative referral order to first PC visit decreased from 29 to 20 days ( P = .047). Similarly, median time from the first oncology visit to PC referral completion decreased from 103 to 41 days ( P = .08). CONCLUSION Implementation of an embedded PC model was associated with increased access to early PC among patients with thoracic malignancies.
Introduction: Thirty Years after Cultural Capital
Authors: Emre Merve , Sider Justin A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This essay considers the status of John Guillory's Cultural Capital thirty years after its publication. Responding to an ongoing crisis in the humanities (which seems never to have passed) and to the “canon wars” of literary studies in the 1980s and 1990s, Cultural Capital refocused the debate about literary canons and aesthetic value away from contests of judgment in order to describe the social and institutional contexts of canon formation. What emerges from Guillory's Bourdieusian framework is a brilliant account not only of the process of canon formation but also of the professional anxieties that attend arguments about canonicity and representation. The essay explores the structure of Guillory's argument and considers why this work has been largely absent in recent debates about the state of the profession and the discipline of literary studies. The essay then introduces each contribution to this special issue, which seeks to bring Guillory's theory of canon formation back into contemporary debates about the future of literary studies, the politics of cultural representation, and the state of the humanities in crisis.
Elegizing Cultural Capital
Authors: During Simon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article considers the legacy and value of John Guillory's literary sociology in providing a rationale for literary studies today. Bringing the work of Pierre Bourdieu to bear on the canon wars of the 1980s and 1990s, Guillory laid bare the mechanisms of canon formation within the institution of the school. While the influence of his argument is still perceptible in scholarly treatments of literary institutions, though, his more affirmative case for the general extension of literary appreciation and aesthetic judgment has gone unheeded. This is because Cultural Capital is not really interested in literature itself but in literature and literary education's functions and effects. Turning to Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard,” this essay offers a literary and historical interpretation that contests Guillory's reading of the poem as an allegory of canon formation. It then finds in Stendhal's The Red and the Black an alternative allegory of the fate of the canon in a democratic society and argues finally for the continued value in teaching the canon to those engaged by it.
A protocol for cloning, expression, and purification of Lysine exporter (LysE) gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Upadhyay Shilpa , Dhok Archana , Agarkar Vinod , Kashikar Supriya , Quazi Zahiruddin Syed 
Published: June 2023

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is among the deadliest diseases and a significant cause of illness across the globe. Several studies on mycobacterial proteins, such as proteases and transporters that are essential for survival and pathogenesis have aimed to develop an efficient anti-tubercular agent. In mycobacterium, lysine exporter (LysE) is an amino acid transporter and a probable target for an anti-tubercular agent as it is responsible for bacterial growth inhibition and is also absent in the widely used Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Methods: Some studies have purified LysE using different protocols. This study describes a protocol for purifying different constructs of LysE, focusing on its hydrophobic region using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) after expressing LysE gene in a bacterial expression system. pET vector (pET28a) is used as an expression vector. Amplied LysE gene is ligated with the pET28a vector, and the resultant plasmid is then transformed into E. coli cells. The vector has a histidine tag that makes the purification process convenient. After IMAC, the samples will be subjected to size-exclusion chromatography for further purification. Results: Cloning and amplification findings will be analyzed using 1% agarose gel, and protein expression and purification outcomes will be examined using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Domain-specific constructs of LysE can be further analyzed as an anti-tubercular agent. Conclusions: Despite being a potential anti-tubercular target, research is quite limited on this protein. Therefore, we aim to purify LysE protein for further analysis. Similar protocols have already been implemented to purify several other bacterial proteins with >95% purity.