bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual and reproductive health services utilization and its predictors among students in Ethiopian: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Adella Getachew Asmare , Assefa Yibeltal , Kassie Gizachew Ambaw , Gesese Molalegn Mesele , Abebe Endeshaw Chekol , Anley Denekew Tenaw , Dejenie Tadesse Asmamaw , Gebeyehu Natnael Atnafu 
Published: August 2023

Background & Aim: Students are the most vulnerable group for reproductive health problems due to their inclination to be engaged in risky sexual behavior. The present study sought to determine the pooled prevalence of sexual and reproductive health service utilization and its determinant factors among students in Ethiopia.
Methods & Materials: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and the Ethiopian University online library were searched. The review took place between November 15, 2022, and December 15, 2022. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using STATA statistical software version 14. The pooled prevalence of sexual and reproductive health service utilization was computed with 95% CI, whereas a log odds ratio was used to declare the statistical significance between associated factors and sexual and reproductive health service utilization.
Results: There were 1520 research articles retrieved, but 18 articles with 12,338 participants were met the inclusion criteria and included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled estimates of sexual and reproductive health service utilization among students was 42.606% (95% CI: 32.917%–52.295%; I2 = 88.3%). Discussion with families/friends (OR=3.033, 95% CI=2.217-4.150, P-value<0.001, I2=75%) and knowledge (OR=2.215, 95%CI=1.105-4.515, P-value=0.025, I2= 85%) were predictors of sexual and reproductive health service utilization among students.
Conclusion: In relation to the data from the studies under analysis, below half percent of students in Ethiopia utilized sexual and reproductive health services. Further health education and communication are crucial to improving knowledge about sexual and reproductive health services among students in Ethiopia.
Occupational stress and coping strategies of the nursing staff of a Public University Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dimitriadou Zacharenia , Kostagiolas Petros , Kritsotakis Georgios , Rikos Nikos , Stavropoulou Areti , Rovithis Michael 
Published: August 2023

Background & Aim: Nursing staff are exposed to high-stress levels daily due to the demanding work environment. This study examined nursing staff occupational stress and coping mechanisms during the COVID-19 pandemic.‎
Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional study with a sample of 108 nursing staff was carried out. The Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS), the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief COPE) Scale, and constructed questions were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using chi-square (χ2), Pearson methods, and Multiple linear regression analysis. Statistical significance was determined at p-value ≤ 0.05.
Results: Overall Occupational stress was assessed with a mean score of 146.8 (SD±35.3). In Brief COPE Scale, a higher mean was assessed for “social support - information seeking” and lower for “substance use” or “withdrawal” (p<0.001). A significant difference in response distributions was observed regarding their degree of concern or fear about COVID-19 (p<0.01). Increased levels of Overall Occupational Stress (ENSS) were associated with higher levels of BCOPE. Emotional Focus and Venting and Diffusion of Emotions (β=5.15, p=0.026), younger age of the participants (β=-5.78, p=0.033), years of working in the healthcare sector (β=14.46, p=0.004) or the highest fear/concern about being infected and infecting their patients (β=6.22, p=0.032).
Conclusion: Nursing staff experienced moderate levels of occupational stress, while challenges raised by the pandemic were handled through seeking social support, positive reframing and acceptance, taking protective measures, and turning to religion. Developing meaningful administrative and educational strategies for staff empowerment and resilience may reduce anxiety and occupational stress for nurses.
Attitudes toward COVID-19 disease and vaccination in Hungary: A comparison of nurses and health workers against non-health workers
Authors: Pakai Annamária , Ali Amira Mohammed , ALBashtawy Mohammed , Zrínyi Miklós , Karácsony Ilona , Ayasreh Ibrahim , Al Awamleh Rana Abdelfattah , Khatatbeh Haitham 
Published: August 2023

Background & Aim: Hungary started to administer several COVID-19 vaccines; however, attitudes toward COVID-19 and vaccination are still poorly understood. This study aimed to explore how the attitudes toward COVID-19 disease are associated with the attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination in Hungary and compare the attitudes of health and non-health workers toward COVID-19 disease and vaccination in Hungary.
Methods & Materials: Using a descriptive, cross-sectional design, we recruited a sample of 1820 persons through an electronic survey. In addition to the sociodemographic questions, the attitudes towards COVID-19 disease and vaccination were assessed through self-developed, literature-based questionnaires. Principal component analysis, Spearman's correlation, linear regression, and the Mann-Whitney test were used in the data analysis.
Results: The mean age for the study participants (n=1735) was 43.8 ± 6.2 years, and females were the majority (84.6%). Overall, participants showed good attitudes toward COVID-19 disease (mean score= 3.48, SD= 0.43) as compared to their attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination (Mean score= 2.67, SD= 0.44). A positive correlation was found between the attitudes toward COVID-19 disease and attitudes toward vaccination in Hungary (r= 0.247, p< 0.01). Nurses and other health workers showed more positive attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination than non-health workers.
Conclusion: Hungarian decision-makers should intervene to improve the public's willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 or future pandemics. Health workers' knowledge and positive attitudes should be utilized in the media to encourage the general population to be vaccinated. The suggested questionnaires need to be validated for future pandemics' use.
Improving Reproductive and Maternal Healthcare Uptake in India: An Evaluation of Project Ujjwal Public-Private Partnership Program
Authors: Lokhande Anagha 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objective: Project Ujjwall was a public private partnership established to improve maternal and child health (MCH) outcomes in Bihar and Odisha in India. This paper examines whether Project Ujjwal meaningfully increased the usage of family planning methods and maternal health services to determine whether the Ujjwall program model should be expanded in India. This is the first attempt to establish the causal impact of Project Ujjwal on access to reproductive healthcare in India.
Methods: Data were obtained from the National Family Health Survey of India. A difference-in-differences strategy and linear probability models were used to estimate the likelihood of ever having encountered family planning information or ever having used contraceptives, antenatal care, etc.
Results: The sample size for Odisha was 4,540; the sample size for Bihar was 3,818; the total sample size for all states in the control group was 24,922. Within Odisha and Bihar, Project Ujjwal increased the likelihood of ever having used any contraceptive by 8.9%, increased the likelihood of having ever accessed antenatal care from a licensed doctor or nurse by 2.5% and increased the likelihood of having ever encountered family planning media by 5.1%. However, most results seem differentially driven by the success of the program in either Odisha or Bihar: among all results, only the odds that a woman received delivery assistance (2.8%) and the odds that a woman will have used oral contraceptives by (9.3%) increased statistically significant in both states.
Conclusion and Implications for Translation: These results are promising and show Project Ujjwal may have been more effective than existing government programs. Limitations of this analysis include a lack of information about the demand generation tactics and an inability to include state-level fixed effects due to over-specification concerns. Disparities in the impact of Project Ujjwal on Bihar and Odisha and the lack of specific information about latent demand both suggest the need for further investigation.

Copyright © 2023 Lokhande. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Ultrastrong Magnon-Magnon Coupling and Chiral Symmetry Breaking in a 3D Magnonic Metamaterial
Authors: Dion Troy , Stenning Killian , Vanstone Alex , Holder Holly , Sultana Rawnak , Alatteili Ghanem , Martinez Victoria , Kaffash Mojtaba , Kimura Takashi , Kurebayashi Hidekazu , Branford Will , Iacocca Ezio , Jungfleisch M. Benjamin , Gartside Jack 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Strongly-interacting nanomagnetic arrays are ideal systems for exploring the frontiers of magnonic control. They provide functional reconfigurable platforms and attractive technological solutions across storage, GHz communications and neuromorphic computing. Typically, these systems are primarily constrained by their range of accessible states and the strength of magnon coupling phenomena.
Increasingly, magnetic nanostructures have explored the benefits of expanding into three dimensions. This has broadened the horizons of magnetic microstate spaces and functional behaviours, but precise control of 3D states and dynamics remains challenging.
Here, we introduce a 3D magnonic metamaterial, compatible with widely-available fabrication and characterisation techniques. By combining independently-programmable artificial spin-systems strongly coupled in the $\hat{z}$-plane, we construct a reconfigurable 3D metamaterial with an exceptionally high $16^N$ microstate space and intense static and dynamic magnetic coupling.
The system exhibits a broad range of emergent phenomena driven by high-intensity inter-layer dipolar interaction, including ultrastrong magnon-magnon coupling with normalised coupling rates of $\frac{\Delta \omega}{\gamma} = 0.57$ and magnon-magnon cooperativity up to $C = 126.4$, GHz mode shifts in zero applied field and chirality-selective magneto-toroidal microstate programming and corresponding magnonic spectral control.
Extreme “Catapult” ruptures of the Çardak Fault in the 6 February 2023 Mw 7.6 earthquake in Türkiye
Authors: YALTIRAK CENK , TARI UFUK , DİKBAŞ AYNUR , ÖZCAN ORKAN , ELİTEZ İREM 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

During a Mw 7.6 magnitude earthquake on the Çardak Fault, extreme sinistral displacements occurred along 10 segments representing a 98 km-long surface rupture. The length of the segments ranges between 3.5 and 23.0 km. The surface rupture of the earthquake extends along a narrow deformation zone that is at least 10 cm-wide in places. In the step-over zones of the segments, the coseismic slip is distributed on numerous echelon ruptures where ≥0.5 m of left-lateral displacement is measured in a 1.3 km-wide zone and occasionally becomes completely undetectable. The most important feature of this earthquake is the measured maximum left-lateral displacement along the 98 km-long surface rupture, making it one of the seven earthquakes in the literature with the most extreme displacement (10.0-12.6 m), considering the earthquake magnitudes and fault lengths observed during the instrumental period.
SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein peptides displayed in the Pyrococcus furiosus RAD system preserve epitopes antigenicity, immunogenicity, and virus-neutralizing activity of antibodies
Authors: Cioffi Victor Bolsanelli , Castro-Amarante Maria Fernanda , Lulla Aleksei , Andreata-Santos Robert , Cruz Mario Costa , Moreno Ana Carolina Ramos , Silva Mariangela de Oliveira , Peres Bianca Miranda , Freitas-Junior Lucio Holanda Gondim , Moraes Carolina Borsoi , Durigon Edison Luiz , Gordon Nicola Coker , Hyvonen Marko , Ferreira Luís Carlos Souza , Balan Andrea 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Concerning the potential contribution of protein or peptide-display systems to study epitopes with relevant immunological features, the archaeal RAD display system stands out as a highly stable scaffold protein that allows the presentation of constrained target peptides. Here, we employed the RAD display system to present peptides derived from the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S) as a tool to detect specific serum antibodies and to generate polyclonal antibodies capable of inhibit the virus infectivity in vitro. Initially, 44 selected linear S-derived peptides were genetically fused with the RAD scaffold (RAD-SCoV-epitopes), which were subsequently screened for antigenicity with sera collected from COVID-19-infected patients. In a second step, selected RAD-SCoV-epitopes were employed to immunize mice and generate antibodies. Based on phenotypic screening techniques, some of these antibodies were able to recognize replicating viral particles in VERO CCL-81. Notably, seven selected RAD-SCoV-epitopes induced antibodies capable of neutralizing viral infection. Our findings highlight the RAD display system as an useful platform for the immunological characterization of peptides and might be a valuable strategy for the design of antigens aiming peptide-based vaccines, epitope-specific antibody mapping, and development of antibodies for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
c-Myc Knockout as a Model for Gene Editing for Training Healthcare Professional Students
Authors: Rao Prema S. , Rao U. Subrahmanyeswara 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Correction of genetic errors, commonly known as gene editing, holds promise to treat diseases with unmet medical needs. However, several gene therapy trials have encountered unwanted outcomes, because of the incomplete understanding of the disease states and gene therapy processes. This situation encourages a concept that healthcare professionals receiving laboratory research will not only identify inadequacies in basic biomedical knowledge in gene therapy but also provide tangible refinements. We thus have undertaken the PharmD student-training program in gene editing in a basic research laboratory setting. As a model, MYC gene was chosen for knockout using CRISPR-Cas9 method in HT29 and OVCAR8 cells. Students were involved in the design of MYC-specific gRNAs, subcloning into Cas9-carrying plasmid, and selection of knockout clones from the transfected cells. Students were involved in the genomic DNA isolation, analysis of DNA sequences from the clones using online bioinformatics tools, western blotting, cell proliferation and cell division cycle, to characterize the knockout clones. Observations made during this training are presented. In this process, students have gained a better understanding of the disease mechanisms, gene therapy protocols, limitations of gene therapies, abilities to evaluate the literature and transfer laboratory training to the practice of gene therapies in clinic.
Visible Light-Enabled Switching of Soft Material Properties Based on Thioindigo Photoswitches
Authors: Truong Vinh , Walden Sarah , Nguyen Phuong , Le Minh , Loh Xian Jun , Barner-Kowollik Christopher 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Thioindigos are visible light responsive photoswitches with excellent spatial control over the conformational change between their trans- and cis- isomers. However, they possess extremely limited solubility in all conventional organic solvents and polymers, hindering their application in soft matter materials. Herein, we introduce a strategy for the covalent insertion of thioindigo units into polymer main chains, enabling thioindigos to function within crosslinked polymeric hydrogels. We overcome their solubility issues by developing a thioindigo bismethacrylate linker able to undergo radical initiated thiol-ene reaction for step-growth polymerization, generating indigo-containing polymers. The optimal wavelength for the reversible trans-/cis- isomerisation of thioindigo was elucidated by constructing a detailed photochemical action plot of their switching efficiencies at a wide range of monochromatic wavelengths. Critically, indigo-containing polymers display significant photoswitching of the materials’ optical and physical properties in organic solvents and water. Furthermore, the photoswitching of thioindigo within crosslinked structures enables visible light induced modulation of the hydrogel stiffness. Both the thioindigo-containing hydrogels and photoswitching processes are non-toxic to cells, thus offering opportunities for new and advanced applications in soft matter materials and biology-related research.
Enhancing Salient Product Detection: A HybridApproach Incorporating Salient Object Mask and Visual Explanations Heatmap
Authors: Saraçlar Beyzanur , Delil Selman , Kuyumcu Birol 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

In online marketplaces, managing product images can be challenging due to the large volume of images and products available. To capture customers’ attention and promote sales, it is essential to effectively highlight and position the selling product in the ad image. In this paper, we propose a hybrid method for detecting salient product regions in images, which combines salient object detection with visual explanation techniques. Our approach leverages the strengths of two state-of-the-art models: U2-Net for generating high-quality salient object masks, and Ablation-CAM for generating visual explanation heatmaps that highlight the most discriminative regions for classification. According to the experimental results, the hybrid model reduces the number of images that require manual evaluation for determining the suitability between product categories and ad images from 5500 to 250. Furthermore, we demonstrate the interpretability of our method by visualizing the salient regions and explanation heatmaps, which can provide insights into the model’s decision-making process and help users understand why certain regions are important for classification. Overall, our approach offers an effective solution for automating the process of identifying and highlighting the most relevant product regions in ad images, thereby saving time and effort for online marketplace sellers.
Sustainable Land Use Planning in Developing Countries Using GIS and Multi-criteria Analysis: A Case Study of Lalitpur District, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Narayan , Pant Pragya , Prasai Ritika , Mahata Aayush , Dulal Sujan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rapid urbanization in Nepal is leading to unplanned land development and use. This study conducted a comprehensive land use suitability analysis for urban development in Lalitpur District, Nepal, using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi-criteria Analysis (MCA) techniques. By studying factors such as existing infrastructure which include land cover, population density, flood sensitivity, slope, digital elevation model (DEM), road network, education and health facility, distance to brick factory and land fill site, the study identified suitable areas for urban development in Lalitpur District. The study identified four suitability classes for urban development: highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable, and not suitable. Highly suitable areas are typically flat, have low population densities, and are close to infrastructure, far away from landfill site, flood region and brick factory. Moderately suitable areas are typically hilly, have higher population densities, and are farther from infrastructure. Marginal suitable areas are in floodplains, have steep slopes, and are near to industrial areas. Not suitable areas are too steep, highly prone to flood, too close to industrial areas, and have high population density.
The study found that 0.0234 sq.km of the study area is highly suitable for urban development, 146.0344 sq.km is moderately suitable, 214.7742 sq.km is marginally suitable, and 36.0680 sq.km is not suitable. Central and western parts of the district are the most suitable for urban development and northern and southern corner being the least suitable. The findings of the analysis emphasize the importance of considering environmental factors in land use planning and urban development. It highlights the need to preserve green spaces, protect water bodies, and ensure the long-term well-being of residents. The results provide valuable insights for decision-makers and urban planners, enabling them to make informed decisions and allocate resources effectively.
Trends in polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy: a retrospective national database analysis (2012-2021)
Authors: Linden Lorenz Roger Van der , Tournoy Jos 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Polypharmacy is a growing concern in healthcare systems worldwide, impacting patient safety and healthcare costs. Monitoring its prevalence and trends is essential for effective healthcare management.
Aim
This study aimed to assess the prevalence and trends of polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy in Belgium over a decade.
Methods
Utilizing the Belgian Intermutualistic agency database, reimbursed medication data were analyzed from 2012 to 2021. Polypharmacy (≥ 5 medications) and excessive polypharmacy (≥ 10 medications) were evaluated, with prevalence calculated per 1000 inhabitants. Linear regression was employed to examine temporal trends.
Results
In 2021, polypharmacy affected 135/1000 and excessive polypharmacy 31/1000 Belgians. Both entities exhibited a notable increasing trend over the 10-year period, with excessive polypharmacy rising more prominently. Prevalence was significantly higher in older adults (≥ 65 years), reaching 434/1000 for polypharmacy and 106/1000 for excessive polypharmacy. Regional variations were observed, with prevalence highest in the Walloons region. Age and time were identified as independent predictors for both polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
This comprehensive analysis highlights concerning increases in polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy over a decade in Belgium, particularly among older adults. Efforts to monitor, manage, and optimize medication use are imperative to ensure safe and effective healthcare delivery.
Long-term survival and development of chronic graft dysfunction after donor lung perfusion repair in isolated lungs-a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Zihan , Zhang Jin , Yu Qiduo , Chen Fangjun , Xiao Fei , Liang Chaoyang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
EVLP is deemed successful in enhancing the pool of candidates for lung transplantation subject to a reevaluation of the donor lung’s physiological and biological performance, in addition to an increased preservation period, and aids in healing damaged lung. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of EVLP on long-term patient outcomes compared to conventional lung transplantation.
Methods
The data about conventional lung transplantation without ELVP and lung transplantation with EVLP repair were collected. The data were subjected to analysis like receptor baseline values and surgical outcomes, while OR, MD, and HR were employed as effect sizes.
Results
Among the collected literature, ten publications were deemed qualified for incorporation into the study, comprising one prospective cohort and nine retrospective cohort studies, with 5471 donors and 5464 receivers. Those subjects with marginal donor lungs examined and treated with EVLP exhibited equivalent overall and CLAD-free survival compared to those with conventional donor lungs. Moreover, donors in the EVLP group had higher chest X-ray abnormalities and lower P/F. The two groups had no significant difference in developing grade 3 PGD3 post 72 hours of surgery, but the EVLP group required a more extended ICU stay. Other postoperative results for the two groups were comparable.
Conclusions
The donor lung’s quality was lower in the ELVP group; however, those with donor lung EVLP screening and therapy had comparable overall and CLAD-free survival to those who underwent conventional donor lung.