bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tibetan tea reduces obesity brought on by a high‐fat diet and modulates gut flora in mice
Authors: He Gang , Chen Tangcong , Huang Lifen , Zhang Yiyuan , Feng Yanjiao , Liu Qijun , Yin Xiaojing , Qu Shaokui , Yang Chen , Wan Jianghong , Liang Li , Yan Jun , Liu Wei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt has been shown that Tibetan tea (TT) inhibits obesity and controls lipid metabolism. The fundamental processes by which TT prevents obesity are yet entirely unknown. Consequently, this research aimed to ascertain if TT may prevent obesity by modifying the gut flora. Our research demonstrated that TT prevented mice from gaining weight and accumulating fat due to the high‐fat diet (HFD), decreased levels of blood total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and raised levels of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C). Adipogenesis‐related genes such as acetyl‐Coenzyme A carboxylase 1 (ACC1, LOC107476), fatty acid synthase (Fas, LOC14104), sterol regulatory element‐binding protein‐1c (SREBP‐1c, LOC20787), CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α (C/EBPα, LOC12606), stearoyl‐CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1, LOC20249), and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ, LOC19016) had their expression downregulated by lowering the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and controlling the number of certain gut bacteria. TT also alleviated HFD‐induced abnormalities of the gut microbiota. The Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136_group, Alistipes, and Odoribacter families were identified as the major beneficial gut microorganisms using Spearman's correlation analysis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) demonstrated that TT's anti‐obesity and gut microbiota‐modulating benefits might be transmitted to mice on an HFD, demonstrating that one of TT's targets for preventing obesity is the gut microbiota. TT also increased the amount of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces, including acetic, propionic, and butyric acids. These results indicate the possible development of TT as a prebiotic to combat obesity and associated disorders. These results suggest that TT may act as a prebiotic against obesity and its associated diseases.
An image dataset of fusulinid foraminifera generated with the aid of deep learning
Authors: Huang Hanhui , Shi Yukun , Chen Qin , Xu Huiqing , Song Sicong , Shi Yujie , Shen Furao , Fan Junxuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFusulinid foraminifera are among the most common microfossils of the Late Palaeozoic and act as key fossils for stratigraphic correlation, paleogeographic and paleoenvironmental indication, and evolutionary studies of marine life. Accurate and efficient identification forms the basis of such research involving fusulinids but is limited by the lack of digitized image datasets. This article presents the first large image dataset of fusulinids containing 2,400 images of individual samples subjected to 16 genera of all six fusulinid families and labelled to species level. These images were collected from the literature and our unpublished samples through an automatic segmentation procedure implementing BlendMask, a deep learning model. The dataset shows promise for the efficient accumulation of fossil images through automated procedures and will facilitate taxonomists in future morphologic and systematic studies.
Indications for sentinel lymph node biopsy in node‐negative oral cancers
Authors: Ozawa Taijiro , Oze Isao , Matsuzuka Takashi , Sasaki Eiichi , Yokoyama Junkichi , Sano Yoshie , Tomifuji Masayuki , Araki Koji , Kogashiwa Yasunao , Tateya Ichiro , Agena Shinya , Sakashita Tomohiro , Tsuzuki Hidenori , Terada Hoshino , Suzuki Hidenori , Nishikawa Daisuke , Beppu Shintarou , Matoba Takuma , Mukoyama Nobuaki , Oguri Keisuke , Hasegawa Yasuhisa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to define the indications for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), the third option for cervical treatment in oral cancer with negative cervical lymph nodes.MethodsThe greatest depth of invasion (DOI) and long diameter (LD) of the primary site were used as exposures. SLN metastasis was considered the outcome.ResultsIn three trials conducted between 2009 and 2016, 158 patients were eligible and reassigned to this study group. The scatterplot based on the respective values of DOI and LD would eventually be divided into three sections. In cases of sections T1, T2, and T3, the proportions of SLN metastasis positivity were 21.3%, 35.3%, and 51.2%, respectively. In certain cases of T1 with 2 mm < DOI ≤ 5 mm and 8 mm < LD ≤ 20 mm, the proportion of SLN metastasis positivity was 40.9%.ConclusionsSLNB‐navigated or assisted neck dissection can be added as an effective procedure for N0 neck control.
Vaccination is the most effective and best way to avoid the disease of COVID‐19
Authors: Lotfi Hadi , Mazar Mina G. , Ei Negar M. H. , Fahim Mostafa , Yazdi Nafiseh S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMost of the vaccines that are effective against SARS‐CoV‐2 have used the following functional strategies: inactivated viruses, live attenuated viruses, viral vector‐based vaccines, subunit vaccines, recombinant proteins, and DNA/RNA vaccines. Among the vaccines that stimulate the host's immune system with the help of DNA are: undergoing Phase 2/3 trials including INO‐4800 (International Vaccine Institute; Inovio Pharmaceuticals), Symvivo, Canada‐COVID19 (AnGes, Inc.); GX‐19 (Genexine, Inc.). BNT162b2 and mRNA‐1273 vaccines were made by BioNTech/Pfizer/Fosun Pharma group and Moderna/NIAID group, respectively, which are considered as types of RNA vaccines. Vaccines that are based on the viral vector are AstraZeneca, Sputonium, and Johnson‐Jensen. Among the inactive viral vaccines, the following can be mentioned: CoronaVac (Sinovac) WIBP vaccine (Wuhan Institute of Biological Products, Sinopharm), BBIBPCorV (Beijing Institute of Biological Products, Sinopharm), BBV152/Covaxin (Bharat Biotech, ICMR, National Institute of Virology) And among the protein‐based/subunit vaccines, the following can be counted: NVX‐CoV2373: (Novavax); SCB‐2019 vaccine (Clover Biopharmaceuticals AUS Pty Ltd.); Covax‐19 (GeneCure Biotechnologies; Vaxine Pty Ltd.) mRNA vaccines, viral vector vaccines, and protein subunit vaccines cannot cause disease because these vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against virus proteins instead of the virus itself (or its antigen). MRNA vaccines increase SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins and ultimately stimulate the production of T and B lymphocytes. The epidemic of HCoVs and their destructive and harmful effects on life has caused the scientific community to seek the production of an effective and efficient vaccine before its catastrophic release. We all need to know that none of us will be healed until the other is healed. The purpose of this review article is to present a selection of existing knowledge in the field of fighting and preventing the coronavirus.
Osteocyte RANKL Drives Bone Resorption in Mouse Ligature-Induced Periodontitis
Authors: Kittaka Mizuho , Yoshimoto Tetsuya , Levitan Marcus E , Urata Rina , Choi Roy B , Teno Yayoi , Xie Yixia , Kitase Yukiko , Prideaux Matthew , Dallas Sarah L , Robling Alexander G , Ueki Yasuyoshi 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Mouse ligature-induced periodontitis (LIP) has been used to study bone loss in periodontitis. However, the role of osteocytes in LIP remains unclear. Furthermore, there is no consensus on the choice of alveolar bone parameters and time points to evaluate LIP. Here, we investigated the dynamics of changes in osteoclastogenesis and bone volume (BV) loss in LIP over 14 days. Time-course analysis revealed that osteoclast induction peaked on days 3 and 5, followed by the peak of BV loss on day 7. Notably, BV was restored by day 14. The bone formation phase after the bone resorption phase was suggested to be responsible for the recovery of bone loss. Electron microscopy identified bacteria in the osteocyte lacunar space beyond the periodontal ligament (PDL) tissue. We investigated how osteocytes affect bone resorption of LIP and found that mice lacking receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), predominantly in osteocytes, protected against bone loss in LIP, whereas recombination activating 1 (RAG1)-deficient mice failed to resist it. These results indicate that T/B cells are dispensable for osteoclast induction in LIP and that RANKL from osteocytes and mature osteoblasts regulates bone resorption by LIP. Remarkably, mice lacking the myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MYD88) did not show protection against LIP-induced bone loss. Instead, osteocytic cells expressed nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 (NOD1), and primary osteocytes induced significantly higher Rankl than primary osteoblasts when stimulated with a NOD1 agonist. Taken together, LIP induced both bone resorption and bone formation in a stage-dependent manner, suggesting that the selection of time points is critical for quantifying bone loss in mouse LIP. Pathogenetically, the current study suggests that bacterial activation of osteocytes via NOD1 is involved in the mechanism of osteoclastogenesis in LIP. The NOD1-RANKL axis in osteocytes may be a therapeutic target for bone resorption in periodontitis. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Detection of Cladosporium spinulosum on an engraving by Rembrandt and susceptibility profile to eco‐friendly antifungal treatments
Authors: Boniek Douglas , Batista dos Santos Antônio Fernando , de Resende Stoianoff Maria Aparecida 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInterdisciplinary studies on cultural heritage artworks provide efficient solutions to control fungal growth and the negative effects of biodeterioration. In this study, we aimed to identify the population of filamentous fungi colonizing an engraving by the Dutch painter Rembrandt, whose conservation status was compromised and showed visible stains of biodeterioration. Microbiological techniques, such as cultivation‐dependent approaches and molecular biology, have been used to identify fungal populations. In addition, the anaerobic atmosphere technique and eco‐friendly antifungal agents, such as essential oils (EOs) of Curcuma longa, Thymus vulgaris, and Melaleuca alternifolia, were tested against the metabolically active fungal population Cladoposporium spinulosum. Furthermore, in vitro assays revealed that the interaction between the fungal strains and EO was positive, inhibiting the growth of these fungi, and the EOs from T. vulgaris and M. alternifolia showed low minimum inhibitory concentration values. Exposure to anaerobic conditions for 35 days was effective in the total elimination of isolated fungal strains. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the effectiveness of a nondestructive technique for artwork on engraving colonized by fungal strains and using EO as an alternative to toxic antifungals used in conventional treatments in artworks. Thus, this interdisciplinary study involving applied microbiology and botanical and preventive conservation presents a tool to control microbial growth while maintaining artwork integrity.
Antarctic sea ice variability linked to three dipole modes of subtropical sea surface temperature in the Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Yu Lejiang , Zhong Shiyuan , Sun Bo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBased on statistical analyses of gridded data over the past four decades (1979–2020), we examined the teleconnection between the variability of the Antarctic sea ice and the leading modes of subtropical sea surface temperature (SST) variability known as the Indian Ocean subtropical dipole (IOSD), the South Atlantic subtropical dipole (SASD) and the South Pacific subtropical dipole (SPSD). We show that the pattern and strength of the teleconnection differ with the SST modes. For each mode, while the regional distributions of significant Antarctic sea ice anomalies are broadly similar throughout the year, the areal extent and the magnitudes of the anomalies display a strong seasonality. Larger areas and magnitudes of significant sea ice anomalies occur in austral winter for the SASD, autumn and spring for the SPSD and non‐summer seasons for the IOSD. We demonstrate that the spatial and seasonal variations of the sea ice anomalies associated with each of the three subtropical SST variability modes are largely consistent with the patterns of the anomalous temperature advection and sea ice transport by the anomalous atmospheric circulations induced by planetary wavetrains that are triggered by anomalous convective activities over different regions of subtropical oceans. These relationships between subtropical SST modes and Antarctic sea ice may serve as a valuable reference for predicting seasonal to interannual scale variations of Antarctic sea ice concentrations across each austral season.
Role and impact of surfactants in carbon nanotube dispersions and sorting
Authors: Yang HeeBong , Neal Luke , Flores Elijah Earl , Adronov Alex , Kim Na Young 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) are proving to be versatile nanomaterials that exhibit superior and attractive electrical, optical, chemical, physical, and mechanical properties. Different kinds of CNTs exist, and their associated properties have been actively explored and widely exploited from fundamental studies to practical applications. Obtaining high‐quality CNTs in large volumes is desirable, especially for scalable electronic, photonic, chemical, and mechanical systems. At present, abundant but random CNTs are synthesized by various growth methods including arc discharge, chemical vapor deposition, and molecular beam epitaxy. An economical way to secure pristine CNTs is to disperse the raw soot of CNTs in solutions, from which purified CNTs are collected via sorting methods. Individual CNTs are generally hydrophobic, not readily soluble, requiring an agent, known as a surfactant to facilitate effective dispersions. Furthermore, the combination of surfactants, polymers, DNA, and other additives can enhance the purity of specific types of CNTs in confidence dispersions. With highly‐pure CNTs, designated functional devices are built to demonstrate improved performance. This review surveys and highlights the essential roles and significant impacts of surfactants in dispersing and sorting CNTs.
Rapeseed plant: biostimulation effects of plant growth‐promoting Actinobacteria on metabolites and antioxidant defense system under elevated CO2 conditions
Authors: Hagagy Nashwa , AbdElgawad Hamada 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study set out to evaluate the potential of plant growth‐promoting Actinobacteria (PGPB) in improving some physiological and molecular parameters of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plants under ambient and elevated CO2 conditions by assessing some nitrogen‐ and sulfur‐containing metabolites, antioxidant defense system and antimicrobial activity. With this aim, a pot experiment was conducted where the rapeseed plants were treated with Actinobacterium sp. strain NCO2 (OQ451136) and were grown under two levels of air CO2 concentrations: ambient CO2 (aCO2, 410 μmol CO2 mol−1); and elevated CO2 (eCO2, 710 μmol CO2 mol−1).RESULTSThere was an increase in the photosynthetic pigments (+35–80%) and photosynthesis rate (+20–34%) in PGPB‐treated plants under eCO2 compared to control plants, resulting in further growth and biomass production (+53–294%). These results were associated with an enhancement in the content of total antioxidant capacity (+15–128%), polyphenols (+21–126%) and α‐tocopherols (+20–138%) under both eCO2 and PGPB application (in combination or individual application), while only the combined treatment (eCO2 + PGPB) led to a significantly higher accumulation of antioxidant enzymes (+88–197%), β‐tocopherols (+177%) and flavonoids (+155%). Moreover, nitrogen‐ and sulfur‐containing metabolites (glucosinolates and amino acids) were improved by PGPB treatment and/or CO2 levels, in which PGPB increased the amino acid‐derived glucosinolate induction by eCO2 with low levels of effective sulforaphane.CONCLUSIONSTherefore, the interaction effects of beneficial Actinobacteria and eCO2 are expected to boost the level of antioxidant molecules and to have a helpful role in improving plant biomass and adaptability to complicated climate changes in the future. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Developmental Process and Symmetry of Fetal Sulci in the Mesial Area Assessed by Ultrasound
Authors: Zhu Rong , Chen Junya , Huang Ruina , Jing Baihua , Fan Lixin , Wei Shuli , Feng Chunli , Zhou Yanxia , Hou Xinlin 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the progression of cortical development in Chinese population and to determine the rate of isolated asymmetric cortical development. We also explored the outcomes of these fetuses and determined whether cortical asymmetry represents normal individual physiological variation.MethodsOur observational cohort study included 456 healthy singleton pregnant women who visited Peking University First Hospital between September 2020 and December 2021. We evaluated the progression and symmetry of the parieto‐occipital sulcus, calcarine sulcus, and cingulate sulcus using a scoring system during routine fetal ultrasound examinations. The outcomes of the included fetuses after birth were assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition (ASQ‐3).ResultsThe median gestational ages at which the parieto‐occipital, calcarine, and cingulate sulci reached grade 1 were 22, 22, and 26 weeks, respectively. Among 456 included fetuses, 426 showed symmetric cortical development and 30 showed asymmetric cortical development during ultrasound examination. Fetuses with asymmetric cortical development underwent ‘catch‐up growth’ and developed to the same grade in 2–6 weeks. All fetuses with symmetric or asymmetric cortical development had normal neurodevelopment after birth according to ASQ‐3 assessment.ConclusionThe gestational age at which the parieto‐occipital, calcarine, and cingulate sulci can be detected using ultrasound varies in different studies. Racial differences may be present in cortical development. Normal fetuses may physiologically have mildly asymmetric cortical development in the mesial area.
Preparation of Multi‐Functional Quaternary Ammonium Chitosan/Surfactin Hydrogel and its Application in Wound Management
Authors: Song Yanbing , Xing Jin , Ren Li , Xu Xia , Han Donghua , Xu Hao , Zhao Liang , Yu Yang , Wang Shige , Liu Chaobo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHydrogel with a 3D network structure can cover the wound to stop the bleeding and support the host tissue infiltration and integration. In this study, an antibacterial hydrogel with hemostasis and the ability to promote wound healing is proposed. This hydrogel comprised surfactin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and methacrylic anhydride (MA) grafted quaternary ammonium chitosan (CS‐MA). The hydrogel formation is triggered by the ultraviolet‐initiated polymerization of CS‐MA, while the surfactin is complexed with the hydrogel through hydrogen bonding interaction. The results showed that this hydrogel is an adhesive hydrogel with shape adaptability, which can cover the wound surface and promote contact between the hydrogel and the wound surface. More importantly, this hydrogel can simulate the microenvironment of the primary extracellular matrix and increase collagen deposition, and inflammatory factor transformation. The designing of such a multi‐functional hydrogel is expected to provide a novel approach to promoting the healing of wounds.
Local government competition, decision‐making behavior, and green land use total factor productivity: Evidence from cities in China
Authors: Ding Tao , Zhang Yueqi , Zhou Peng , Zhao Xin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLand is a finite and non‐renewable natural resource. The competitive decisions of local governments will have a profound impact on the green and efficient use of land resources. This paper examines the nonlinear effect of local government competition on green land use total factor productivity (GLTFP) using data from 171 Chinese cities from 2006 to 2019. The results show that (1) there is an inverted U‐shaped relationship between the local government competition and GLTFP, and this conclusion holds after addressing a series of endogeneity concerns. (2) Local government competition can affect the inverted U‐shaped relationship between GLTFP through the misallocation of land resources. (3) The impact of local government competition on GLTFP is more prominent in first‐tier and new first‐tier cities in China and cities in western China.
DNA Methylation Age Acceleration Is Not Associated with Age of Onset in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Gaare Johannes J. , Brügger Kim , Nido Gonzalo S. , Tzoulis Charalampos 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundEpigenetic clocks using DNA methylation (DNAm) to estimate biological age have become popular tools in the study of neurodegenerative diseases. Notably, several recent reports have shown a strikingly similar inverse relationship between accelerated biological aging, as measured by DNAm, and the age of onset of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Common to all of these studies is that they were performed without control subjects and using the exact same measure of accelerated aging: DNAm age minus chronological age.ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the validity of these findings in PD, using the same dataset as in the original study, blood DNAm data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative cohort, but also including control samples in the analyses.MethodsWe replicated the analyses and findings of the previous study and then reanalyzed the dataset incorporating control samples to account for underlying age‐related biases.ResultsOur reanalysis shows that there is no correlation between age of onset and DNAm age acceleration. Conversely, there is a pattern of overestimating DNAm age in younger and underestimating DNAm age in older individuals in the dataset that entirely explains the previously reported association.ConclusionsOur findings refute the previously reported inverse relationship between DNAm age acceleration and age of onset in PD. We show that these findings are fully accounted for by an expected over/underestimation of DNAm age in younger/older individuals. Furthermore, this effect is likely to be responsible for nearly identical findings reported in other neurodegenerative diseases. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.