bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects and safety of vagus nerve stimulation on upper limb function in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abdullahi Auwal , Wong Thomson W. L. , Ng Shamay S. M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is used to deliver electric current to stimulate the vagus nerve. The aim of this study is to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine its effects on motor function in patients with stroke. PubMED, Embase, Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus were searched. Data on time since stroke, and mean scores and standard deviation on outcomes such as level of impairment and motor function were extracted. The results showed that invasive (MD 2.66, 95% CI 1.19–4.13, P = 0.0004) and non-invasive (MD 24.16, 95% CI 23.56–24.75, P = 0.00001) VNS are superior at improving level of motor impairment than the control post intervention and at follow-up respectively. Similarly, VNS improved motor function post intervention (MD 0.28, 95% CI 0.15–0.41, P < 0.0001); and there was no significant difference in adverse events between invasive VNS and control (OR 2.15, 95% CI 0.97–4.74, P = 0.06), and between non-invasive VNS and control (OR 4.54, 95% CI 0.48–42.97, P = 0.19). VNS can be used to improve motor function in patients with stroke.
Xpert bladder cancer monitor to predict the need for a second TURB (MoniTURB trial)
Authors: Breyer Johannes , Eckstein Markus , Sikic Danijel , Wezel Felix , Roghmann Florian , Brehmer Mirco , Wirtz Ralph M. , Jarczyk Jonas , Erben Philipp , Bahlinger Veronika , Goldschmidt Franziska , Fechner Guido , Chen Jack , Paxinos Ellen , Bates Michael , Haas Maximilian , Zengerling Friedemann , Bolenz Christian , Burger Maximilian , Hartmann Arndt , Kriegmair Maximilian C. ,   BRIDGE Consortium e.V., Breyer Johannes , Eckstein Markus , Sikic Danijel , Wezel Felix , Roghmann Florian , Wirtz Ralph M. , Jarczyk Jonas , Erben Philipp , Bahlinger Veronika , Goldschmidt Franziska , Fechner Guido , Haas Maximilian , Zengerling Friedemann , Bolenz Christian , Burger Maximilian , Hartmann Arndt , Kriegmair Maximilian C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo determine whether Xpert bladder cancer monitor, a noninvasive PCR-based biomarker test, can predict the need for 2nd transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) better than clinical assessment. Patients scheduled for TURB were prospectively screened. After initial TURB, patients were assigned to 2nd TURB or follow-up cystoscopy at 3 months (FU) by clinicians’ discretion. Central urine cytology and Xpert monitor tests were performed prior to the 1st TURB and 2nd TURB or FU, respectively. Statistical analysis to compare clinical assessment and Xpert monitor comprised sensitivity (SENS), specificity (SPEC), NPV and PPV. Of 756 screened patients, 171 were included (114 with 2nd TURB, 57 with FU). Residual tumors were detected in 34 patients who underwent 2nd TURB, and recurrent tumors were detected in 2 patients with FU. SENS and SPEC of Xpert monitor were 83.3% and 53.0%, respectively, PPV was 32.6% and NPV was 92.1%. Clinical risk assessment outperformed Xpert monitor. In patients with pTa disease at initial TURB, Xpert monitor revealed a NPV of 96%. Xpert monitor was not superior than clinical assessment in predicting the need for 2nd TURB. It might be an option to omit 2nd TURB for selected patients with pTa disease.
Woody plant encroachment modifies carbonate bedrock: field evidence for enhanced weathering and permeability
Authors: Leite Pedro A. M. , Schmidt Logan M. , Rempe Daniella M. , Olariu Horia G. , Walker John W. , McInnes Kevin J. , Wilcox Bradford P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLittle is known about the effects of woody plant encroachment—a recent but pervasive phenomenon—on the hydraulic properties of bedrock substrates. Recent work using stream solute concentrations paired with weathering models suggests that woody plant encroachment accelerates limestone weathering. In this field study, we evaluate this hypothesis by examining bedrock in the Edwards Plateau, an extensive karst landscape in Central Texas. We compared a site that has been heavily encroached by woody plants (mainlyQuercus fusiformisandJuniperus ashei), with an adjacent site that has been maintained free of encroachment for the past eight decades. Both sites share the same bedrock, as confirmed by trenching, and originally had very few trees, which enabled us to evaluate how encroachment impacted the evolution of hydraulic properties over a period of no more than 80 years. Using in situ permeability tests in boreholes drilled into the weathered bedrock, we found that the mean saturated hydraulic conductivity of the bedrock was higher—by an order of magnitude—beneath woody plants than in the areas where woody plants have been continuously suppressed. Additionally, woody plant encroachment was associated with greater regolith thickness, greater plant rooting depths, significantly lower rock hardness, and a 24–44% increase in limestone matrix porosity. These findings are strong indicators that woody plant encroachment enhances bedrock weathering, thereby amplifying its permeability—a cycle of mutual reinforcement with the potential for substantial changes within a few decades. Given the importance of shallow bedrock for ecohydrological and biogeochemical processes, the broader impacts of woody plant encroachment on weathering rates and permeability warrant further investigation.
Analysis of spatial-temporal pattern, dynamic evolution and influencing factors of health tourism development in China
Authors: Wang Huadi , Feng Yue , Xu Shaogui , Xu Xiaomei , Jiang Kefeng , Nie Xinyu , Zhou Nianxing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe evaluation index system is constructed based on the connotation and characteristics of health tourism. Using the entropy method, Thiel index, exploratory spatial data analysis method, spatial Markov chain and spatial econometric model, research is carried out around the development index, difference status, spatial-temporal pattern, dynamic evolution and influencing factors of health tourism. The following results were drawn: (1) The development index of health tourism in China is low, but the development speed is fast. The inter-regional development index shows an eastern China > central China > western China pattern, and the development speed exhibits a western China > central China > eastern China situation. (2) In the overall difference in China’s health tourism development, the intra-regional difference is consistently higher than the inter-regional difference. Among the three major regions, the overall difference between eastern China and western China is always higher than that of central China. (3) The development of health tourism in China is positively correlated in the global space, with some local spatial clustering. (4) The dynamic evolution of health tourism development in China shows part of the “Matthew effect” characteristics, with an obvious spatial spillover effect. (5) Various influencing factors produced widely varying direct, indirect and total effects on health tourism development in China, eastern China, central China and western China. Finally, based on the results of the above empirical analysis, policy recommendations to promote the development of health tourism in China are proposed.
Modelling the significance of organizational conditions on quiet quitting intention among Gen Z workforce in an emerging economy
Authors: Xueyun Zhong , Al Mamun Abdullah , Masukujjaman Mohammad , Rahman Muhammad Khalilur , Gao Jingzu , Yang Qing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe phenomenon of “quiet quitting” has gained significant attention globally through various platforms, raising concerns about the impact of workplace stress on individuals’ personal lives and sparking social movements and investigations. As the number of Generation Z individuals is projected to surpass millennials by 2050, understanding and addressing the quiet quitting behaviour of this generation becomes crucial, considering their negative experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and their preference for a work-life balance, which has led to a rejection of intense competition and a desire for a more relaxed lifestyle. Thus, this study investigated the factors (work conditions, job security, perceived career development opportunities, affective organizational commitment, and perceived organizational support on job burnout and employee well-being) determining the quiet quitting intention among Chinese Gen Z employees. It used an online survey to obtain cross-sectional data from 683 respondents, which were then tested using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The results showed that work conditions, job security, perceived career progression opportunities, affective organizational commitment, and perceived organizational support had a significant positive effect on employee well-being and that job burnout had a major negative effect. Furthermore, employee well-being had a significant negative impact on China’s Gen Z employees’ quit quiting decision and job burnout had a significant positive influence on China’s Gen Z employees’ quit quiting decision. The findings provide valuable insights for organizations and practitioners, enabling them to address these factors and effectively reduce quiet quitting intentions. Moreover, this study aligns with the Social Exchange Theory (SET), which explains how the interactions between employees and their organizations influence expectations and outcomes. By considering the SET framework, organizations can understand the motivations behind employees’ behaviours and make informed decisions to foster a positive work environment and enhance employee well-being.
Examining the association between social media fatigue, cognitive ability, narcissism and misinformation sharing: cross-national evidence from eight countries
Authors: Ahmed Saifuddin , Rasul Muhammad Ehab 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSeveral studies have explored the causes and consequences of public engagement with misinformation and, more recently, COVID-19 misinformation. However, there is still a need to understand the mechanisms that cause misinformation propagation on social media. In addition, evidence from non-Western societies remains rare. This study reports on survey evidence from eight countries to examine whether social media fatigue can influence users to believe misinformation, influencing their sharing intentions. Our insights also build on prior cognitive and personality literature by exploring how this mechanism is conditional upon users’ cognitive ability and narcissism traits. The results suggest that social media fatigue can influence false beliefs of misinformation which translates into sharing on social media. We also find that those with high levels of cognitive ability are less likely to believe and share misinformation. However, those with low cognitive ability and high levels of narcissism are most likely to share misinformation on social media due to social media fatigue. This study is one of the first to provide cross-national comparative evidence highlighting the adverse effects of social media fatigue on misinformation propagation and establishing that the relationship is not universal but dependent on both cognitive and dark personality traits of individuals.
Implementation of Esophageal Screening in an Outpatient Hospital-Based Setting: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Gregor Jessica W. , Watts Stephanie A. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
Despite evidence supporting interconnectivity of oropharyngeal and esophageal swallowing, evaluation and treatment are dichotomized. When the videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) only considers oropharyngeal swallowing, the full scope of swallowing impairment may be missed. A lower rate of esophageal screening in an outpatient hospital setting may result from lack of speech-language pathologist (SLP) training and understanding of screening feasibility. This project was an internal quality improvement project (QIP) at Mayo Clinic in Arizona to (a) educate and train SLPs on conducting the Robust Esophageal Screening Test (REST) and (b) determine the feasibility of REST protocol implementation in a multidisciplinary swallow clinic.

Method:
Fishbone analysis was used to identify potential causes of the gap in quality. Six Sigma methodology was used to outline the QIP. SLPs were trained in the REST protocol. To ensure adequate training, reliability ratings were assessed with the Cohen's kappa statistic. Esophageal screening via REST was implemented as an adjunct to the standard protocol during VFSS over a 3-month period for referred patients with dysphagia. Clinical findings were recorded.

Results:
All clinical rater SLPs reached the threshold of κ = .8 to ensure adequate rater reliability. Among 136 outpatients who underwent esophageal screening via REST, 100 patients completed the full REST screening and 36 completed a partial REST screening. Of the 100 full screenings, 80 patients had a failed screening, which indicated a potential esophageal swallowing impairment. Findings were discussed by members of the multidisciplinary dysphagia care team.

Conclusions:
The results of this QIP show that focusing on assessment of dysfunction and interplay across the swallowing continuum can substantially improve patient care by expediting and specifying next steps of the multidisciplinary dysphagia care team.
The galactic acceleration scale is imprinted on globular cluster systems of early-type galaxies of most masses and on red and blue globular cluster subpopulations
Authors: Bílek Michal , Hilker Michael , Renaud Florent , Richtler Tom , Chaturvedi Avinash , Samurović Srdjan 
Published: September 2023

Context. Globular clusters (GCs) carry information about the formation histories and gravitational fields of their host galaxies. It was found before that the radial profiles of the volume number density of GCs in GC systems (GCSs) follow broken power laws, while the breaks occur approximately at the a0 radii. These are the radii at which the gravitational fields of the galaxies equal the galactic acceleration scale a0 = 1.2 × 10−10 m s−2 known from the radial acceleration relation or the MOND theory of modified dynamics.
Aims. Our main goals here are to explore whether the above results hold true for galaxies of a wider mass range and for the red and blue GC subpopulations.
Methods. We exploited catalogs of photometric GC candidates in the Fornax galaxy cluster based on ground and space observations and a new catalog of spectroscopic GCs of NGC 1399, the central galaxy of the cluster. For every galaxy, we obtained the parameters of the broken power-law density by fitting the on-sky distribution of the GC candidates, while allowing for a constant density of contaminants. The logarithmic stellar masses of our galaxy sample span 8.0 − 11.4 M⊙.
Results. All investigated GCSs with a sufficient number of members show broken power-law density profiles. This holds true for the total GC population and the blue and red subpopulations. The inner and outer slopes and the break radii agree well for the different GC populations. The break radii agree with the a0 radii typically within a factor of two for all GC color subpopulations. The outer slopes correlate better with the a0 radii than with the galactic stellar masses. The break radii of NGC 1399 vary in azimuth, such that they are greater toward and against the direction to NGC 1404, which tidally interacts with NGC 1399.
In Line Oxygen Saturation Monitor
Authors: Riley Jeffrey B. , Young Melinda R. , Kauffman Jeffrey N. , Rigatti Richard L. , Facer Donna L. , Daly William L. , Walker Charles T. , Williams Marsha K. 
Published: September 2023

The first year, 800 cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (infant to adult) case experience with the Bentley Laboratories Oxy-Sat Meter (O-SM) demonstrated numerous patient management advantages to monitoring the percent saturation of hemoglobin (O2 SAT). The O-SM exhibited accuracy equal to present 0 2 SAT monitoring. Patient management advantages fall into two categories: (1) Respiratory, from measuring the adequacy of arterial O2 SAT to documenting oxygen transfer, and (2) Metabolic, judging the adequacy of extracorporeal circuit (ECC) blood flow.
The O-SM was found to have acceptable agreement with Instrumentation Laboratories 282, American Optical Unistat and Oximetrix catheter oximeters or the Severinghaus formula and Coming blood gas machine analog O2 SAT estimators. Forty-three intermittant O-SM readings were compared to Lexington Instrument Corporation Lex-O2-Con hemoglobin content and capacity measurements. The agreement standard deviation is equal to 1.4% 0 2 SAT for pH from 7.27 to 7.47, Base Excess from -8. to 4. mEq/L, temperature from 26 to 36 oC and hematocrit from 18 to 33%. Monitoring O2 SAT during CPB is useful and reliable with the Oxy-Sat Meter.
The Effect of Temperature on the Pressure Drops Across 25 and 40 Micron Arterial Line Filters
Authors: Kopp Michael E. ,   Biomedical Design/Safety Consultants
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this in vitro study was to quantitate the effect of temperature on the pressure drop, ΔP, across 25 and 40 micron arterial line filters. The pressure drop for each micron size filter was found to significantly increase (P < .01) with decreasing blood temperature when measured at a constant blood flow (Q = 5 LPM) and a hematocrit of 35%. Protein electropheresis, hematology analysis, and testing for cryoglobulins indicated that blood clot formation or cryoprecipitates did not contribute to the measured pressure drop. During the conduct of extracorporeal circulation knowledge of pressure drop versus blood temperature is useful to the perfusionist in accounting for temperature effects when reading the pressure at the arterial filter inlet.
Before deciding to bypass an arterial filter because of a high inlet pressure reading the perfusionist should consider the effect of temperature.
Electromagnetic Determination of Blood Flow Through IMPRA (Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene) Graft
Authors: Michalik Richard E. , Seipp Harry W. 
Published: September 2023

The use of perivascular electromagnetic flow determination is an accepted diagnostic tool in reconstructive vascular surgery and like techniques are in widespread use in the laboratory. As yet, no prosthetic graft material has been available through which blood flow could be accurately determined in the acute setting. IMPRA® an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene in the form of a vascular prosthesis does permit such determination when pretreated with minute amounts of absolute ethanol.
Graphic data is presented to show the quality of flow signal that may be obtained through IMPRA® as well as the accuracy of the signal with reference to flow determinations made through a fresh arterial segment under carefully controlled conditions.
The power influence of executives and corporate investment efficiency: empirical evidence from Chinese state-owned enterprises
Authors: Huang Yewei , Qiu Junqin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrevious literature has explored investment efficiency in terms of executive incentives, supervisory mechanisms, information disclosure, agency conflicts, and managerial capabilities. This study focuses on analysing the power influence of executives in the context of Chinese State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) from the two hypotheses of “economic man” and “social man”, aiming to improve the research between the power influence of executives and investment efficiency. This study adopts principal component analysis to comprehensively evaluate the power influence of executives in Chinese SOEs from four dimensions, namely, organisational position influence, personal competence influence, industry influence, and prestige influence. Using the analytical tool STATA15 to establish a regression model, the mechanism of executive power influence on investment efficiency is explored from the logic of “financing constraints” and “diversification”. It then explores the moderating effects of equity concentration and independent director oversight. The empirical results show that the greater the power influence of the executive, the lower the investment efficiency. The intermediary mechanisms of this study find that executives of Chinese SOEs can use their power influence to reduce financing constraints, obtain more resources, and make diversified investments, thus generating inefficient investments. This study also finds that equity concentration and oversight by independent directors have a positive moderating effect on executive power and investment efficiency. The results of this study are robust due to the use of the instrumental variables approach. The innovation of this study integrates the measurement of executive power influence in the particular context of SOEs and analyzes its impact on investment efficiency. It enriches the study of factors influencing executive power and corporate investment efficiency.
A triple band local oscillator coupling system based on a phase grating for five-meter Dome-A terahertz explorer telescope
Authors: Xie GuoAo , Luo ZhengHeng , Zhou KangMin , Liu Dong , Miao Wei , Zhang Wen , Ren Yuan , Shi ShengCai 
Published: September 2023

For heterodyne receivers, broadband and integrated local oscillator (LO) coupling schemes are crucial. In this paper, we present a novel terahertz broadband receiver system based on a one-pixel phase grating. We designed a phase grating that can simultaneously couple the LO signals at 690, 850, and 1300 GHz to a superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer at the incident angles of 25.7°, 20.6°, and 13.3°, respectively. At these three frequencies, the measured diffraction efficiencies of the phase grating are as high as 70%, 73%, and 65%, and the total power coupling efficiencies of the LO coupling system are 22%, 23%, and 23%, in good agreement with the simulated results. This efficient and highly integrated multiband receiver system has potential applications in the proposed Five-meter Dome-A Terahertz Explorer telescope.
“永字八法”在海外汉字书法教学中的认知和应用
Authors: Li Huiwen 
Published: September 2023

抽象的
永字八法是中国书法的重要概念，经过古代书法家的研究、发展，理论逐渐丰富和成熟。本文以海外汉字书法教学为背景，对永字八法的有关概念、功用、技法、应用进行了梳理，讨论了教学中需要关注的八笔画的写法、四笔画组合的写法、笔断意联、一般结字法、笔锋特征以及外形轮廓特征，同时也包括汉字演变、六书说、笔画笔顺、汉字结构等汉字知识。针对永字八法用于教学，本文也作了总体分析并提供了一份简化的教学设计作参考，涵盖教学目标、教训内容和方法、学习测评。对永字八法进行上述思考旨在客观地认识永字八法在汉字书法教学中的地位，然后据此对相关教学内容进行挖掘。希望这些努力有助于教师看到中国书法在历史文化、字体书体、语言内涵、美学艺术等方面的博大精深。总之，本文认为，永字八法可以作为海外书法教学的重要切入点，帮助学习者逐步了解、领略中国汉字书法之法、之美，建立对中国文化的认知、基本技能和跨文化能力。
Building trust in the transport sector during the pandemic
Authors: Bondi Marina , Nocella Jessica Jane 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper looks at cross-cultural variation in corporate communication over the pandemic, focusing on the
language adopted by rail companies in the UK and Italy to enhance trust in safety and highlighting how they engage in
communicative action with potential passengers and other online users. The analysis shows that UK companies generally prefer
personal forms of self-mention and avoid technicisms, while Italian companies adopt more formal language and more impersonal forms
of self-representation. Common elements seem to be related to repeated communicative functions, and the semantic elements they
involve, thus highlighting the close link between pragmatic units and lexico-grammatical patterns (with their semantics), as well
as the interplay between meaning, dialogic action and context in communication.