bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of vitamin D insufficiency on sepsis severity and risk of hospitalisation in emergency department patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Vanichkulbodee Alissara , Romposra Muditha , Inboriboon Pholaphat Charles , Trongtrakul Konlawij 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level on sepsis severity and risk of hospitalisation in emergency department (ED) septic patients when categorised as vitamin D insufficiency according to the level of 25(OH)D<30 ng/mL.DesignCross-sectional observational study.SettingA 900-bed academic tertiary hospital with an ED residency training programme in Bangkok, Thailand.ParticipantsAn observational study of 101 ED septic patients aged ≥18 years was conducted between March 2015 and September 2015.Outcome measuresThe level of 25(OH)D was analysed and correlated with sepsis severity assessed by Acute Physiology Age Chronic Health Evaluation-II (APACHE-II) and Mortality in ED Sepsis (MEDS) scores, and the risk of hospitalisation.ResultsOne hundred and one patients were enrolled, with an average age of 68±18 years, 56% female, APACHE-II score of 14±6, MEDS score of 8±5 and 25(OH)D level was 19±11 ng/mL. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in our ED septic patients was 87% and the admission rate was 88%. A significant association between 25(OH)D level and sepsis severity scores was found, which was measured by APACHE-II and MEDS scores (−0.29; 95% CI −0.41 to −0.17, p<0.001 and −0.15; 95% CI −0.25 to −0.06, p=0.002, respectively). However, vitamin D insufficiency could not determine hospitalisation (OR=1.42; 95% CI 0.27 to 7.34; p=0.68 and OR=1.65; 95% CI 0.07 to 41.7; p=0.76 when adjusted by baseline covariates).ConclusionsThe vitamin D insufficiency of septic patients in our ED was high and had a significant negative association with sepsis severity. However, vitamin D insufficiency status cannot predict the hospitalisation of septic patients who were admitted to the ED. Further research is needed to investigate the role of vitamin D supplementation in the ED in affecting sepsis severity.Trial registration numberTCTR20151127001.
Implementation evaluation of an evidence-based emergency nursing framework (HIRAID): study protocol for a step-wedge randomised control trial
Authors: Curtis Kate , Fry Margaret , Kourouche Sarah , Kennedy Belinda , Considine Julie , Alkhouri Hatem , Lam Mary , McPhail Steven M , Aggar Christina , Hughes James , Murphy M , Dinh Michael , Shaban Ramon 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionPoor patient assessment results in undetected clinical deterioration. Yet, there is no standardised assessment framework for >29 000 Australian emergency nurses. To reduce clinical variation and increase safety and quality of initial emergency nursing care, the evidence-based emergency nursing framework HIRAID (History, Identify Red flags, Assessment, Interventions, Diagnostics, communication and reassessment) was developed and piloted. This paper presents the rationale and protocol for a multicentre clinical trial of HIRAID.Methods and analysisUsing an effectiveness-implementation hybrid design, the study incorporates a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial of HIRAID at 31 emergency departments (EDs) in New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland. The primary outcomes are incidence of inpatient deterioration related to ED care, time to analgesia, patient satisfaction and medical satisfaction with nursing clinical handover (effectiveness). Strategies that optimise HIRAID uptake (implementation) and implementation fidelity will be determined to assess if HIRAID was implemented as intended at all sites.Ethics and disseminationEthics has been approved for NSW sites through Greater Western Human Research Ethics Committee (2020/ETH02164), and for Victoria and Queensland sites through Royal Brisbane & Woman’s Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee (2021/QRBW/80026). The final phase of the study will integrate the findings in a toolkit for national rollout. A dissemination, communications (variety of platforms) and upscaling strategy will be designed and actioned with the organisations that influence state and national level health policy and emergency nurse education, including the Australian Commission for Quality and Safety in Health Care. Scaling up of findings could be achieved by embedding HIRAID into national transition to nursing programmes, ‘business as usual’ ED training schedules and university curricula.Trial registration numberACTRN12621001456842.
Examining the benefit of graduated compression stockings in the prevention of hospital-associated venous thromboembolism in low-risk surgical patients: a multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial (PETS trial)
Authors: Machin Matthew , Peerbux Sarrah , Whittley Sarah , Hunt Beverley J , Everington Tamara , Gohel Manjit , Norrie John , Epstein David , Warwick David J , Baker Christopher , Hamady Zaed , Smith Sasha , Bolton Layla , Stephens-Boal Annya , Gray Beverley , Shalhoub Joseph , Davies Alun Huw 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionHospital-acquired thrombosis (HAT) is defined as any venous thromboembolism (VTE)-related event during a hospital admission or occurring up to 90 days post discharge, and is associated with significant morbidity, mortality and healthcare-associated costs. Although surgery is an established risk factor for VTE, operations with a short hospital stay (<48 hours) and that permit early ambulation are associated with a low risk of VTE. Many patients undergoing short-stay surgical procedures and who are at low risk of VTE are treated with graduated compression stockings (GCS). However, evidence for the use of GCS in VTE prevention for this cohort is poor.Methods and analysisA multicentre, cluster randomised controlled trial which aims to determine whether GCS are superior in comparison to no GCS in the prevention of VTE for surgical patients undergoing short-stay procedures assessed to be at low risk of VTE. A total of 50 sites (21 472 participants) will be randomised to either intervention (GCS) or control (no GCS). Adult participants (18–59 years) who undergo short-stay surgical procedures and are assessed as low risk of VTE will be included in the study. Participants will provide consent to be contacted for follow-up at 7-days and 90-days postsurgical procedure. The primary outcome is the rate of symptomatic VTE, that is, deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism during admission or within 90 days. Secondary outcomes include healthcare costs and changes in quality of life. The main analysis will be according to the intention-to-treat principle and will compare the rates of VTE at 90 days, measured at an individual level, using hierarchical (multilevel) logistic regression.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was granted by the Camden and Kings Cross Research Ethics Committee (22/LO/0390). Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberISRCTN13908683.
Methods to assess validity of positioning systems in team sports: can we do better?
Authors: Luteberget Live Steinnes , Jølstad Petter A H , Gilgien Matthias 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThere is previously reported a large variety of criterion measures and reference systems applied to validate position tracking systems in sports. This study aims to investigate the effect of different criterion measures and reference systems on the outcome of accuracy assessments of tracking systems in sports.MethodsData from a commercially available standalone global navigation satellite system (GNSS) were compared with two different reference systems: a high-end differential GNSS and a tape measure. Differences in accuracy outcomes of position (static and dynamic), distance and speed (mean and instantaneous) were investigated in team sport imitation courses.ResultsThe mean horizontal position error was larger when athletes were in motion (dynamic position; 1.53±0.82 m) compared with static measurements (1.10±0.60 m). Measured distances of the courses were markedly different (+6% to −17%) between the two reference systems, causing differences in error. Differences in error were also found between mean speed and instantaneous speed (0.10 vs 0.28 m). Errors in mean speed were highly affected by the time over which speed was averaged.ConclusionChoice of criterion measure and reference system has a substantial impact on the accuracy assessments of tracking systems. Specifically, assessing static position is not a substitute for dynamic position, and mean speed is not a substitute for instantaneous speed. Therefore, the outcomes of validation studies should always be interpreted in light of the reference methods that were used.
Satellite liver transplant centres significantly improve transplant assessment outcomes for patients with chronic liver disease but not hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tavabie Oliver D , Kronsten Victoria T , Przemioslo Robert , McDougall Neil , Ramos Katie , Joshi Deepak , Prachalias Andreas , Menon Krish , Agarwal Kosh , Heneghan Michael A , Valliani Talal , Cash Johnny , Cramp Matthew E , Aluvihare Varuna 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionLiver transplantation (LT) remains integral to the management of end-stage chronic liver disease (CLD). However, referral thresholds and assessment pathways remain poorly defined. Distance from LT centre has been demonstrated to impact negatively on patient outcomes resulting in the development of satellite LT centres (SLTCs). We aimed to evaluate the impact of SLTCs on LT assessment in patients with CLD and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsA retrospective cohort study was undertaken including all patients with CLD or HCC assessed for LT at King’s College Hospital (KCH) between October 2014 and October 2019. Referral location, social, demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected. Univariable and multivariable analyses (MVA) were performed to assess the impact of SLTCs on patients being accepted as LT candidates and contraindications being identified.Results1102 and 240 LT assessments were included for patients with CLD and HCC, respectively. MVA demonstrated significant associations with; patients living greater than 60 min from KCH/SLTCs and LT candidacy acceptance in CLD, and less deprived patients and LT candidacy acceptance in HCC. However, neither variable was associated with identification of LT contraindications. MVA demonstrated that referrals from SLTCs were more likely to result in acceptance of LT candidacy and less likely to result in a contraindication being identified in CLD. However, such associations were not demonstrated in HCC.ConclusionSLTCs improve LT assessment outcomes in CLD but not HCC reflecting the standardised HCC referral pathway. Developing a formal regional LT assessment pathway across the UK would improve equity of access to transplantation.
Durable responders in advanced NSCLC with elevated TMB and treated with 1L immune checkpoint inhibitor: a real-world outcomes analysis
Authors: Huang Richard S P , Carbone David P , Li Gerald , Schrock Alexa , Graf Ryon P , Zhang Liangliang , Murugesan Karthikeyan , Ross Jeffrey S , Tolba Khaled , Sands Jacob , Oxnard Geoffrey R , Spigel David 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundFor patients with advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) and chemotherapy (chemo) ICPI represent two distinct first-line standard-of-care regimens without clear and established biomarkers to inform the optimal choice for individual patients. Here, we examined the complementary roles of tumor mutational burden (TMB) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry (IHC) to inform first-line therapy using a large real-world (rw) data set.Materials and methodsThe study included patients with NSCLC from an rw de-identified clinico-genomic database. All patients underwent genomic testing using Foundation Medicine’s tissue comprehensive genomic profiling assay and PD-L1 IHC assay scored for tumor cell staining (TS).ResultsOf 2165 patients included in the analysis, 150 exhibited durable benefit from first-line ICPI regimens (these patients were enriched for PD-L1 TS ≥50, non-squamous histology, and TMB ≥20 mutations/megabase (muts/Mb)). Comparing low TMB (<10 muts/Mb), high TMB (10–19 muts/Mb), and very high TMB (≥20 muts/Mb) receiving ICPI alone, we observed a stepwise increase in median rwPFS (real world-progression free survival) (6.5, 7.5, 17.2 months) and rwOS (real world-overall survival) (10.1, 11.8, 26.9 months) as TMB increased. In the low PD-L1 (TS <50%) cohort, TMB <20 muts/Mb showed a more favorable rwPFS (HR: 0.56 (95% CI: 0.40 to 0.79)) and rwOS (HR 0.74 (95% CI: 0.58 to 0.96)) on chemoICPI when compared with ICPI alone while the point estimate in rwPFS favored monoICPI in the TMB ≥20 muts/Mb cohort, the CI is wide and does not reach statistical significance (HR: 1.68 (95% CI: 0.52 to 5.48)).ConclusionThis study provides evidence that higher TMB cut-offs, such as 20 muts/Mb, can identify patients with prolonged benefit from ICPI. TMB ≥20 muts/Mb is a potential biomarker that may identify patients in whom an ICPI without chemo could be considered, even in the setting of lower PD-L1 levels. Prospective validation of these findings could increase access to chemo-sparing regimens for the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC.
Acute palliative care units: characteristics, activities and outcomes – scoping review
Authors: Mercadante Sebastiano , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: January 2023

Acute palliative care units (APCUs) are lacking in most cancer hospitals and even when palliative care units are present, they are predominantly based on a traditional hospice-like model for patients with short life expectancy. This scoping review examined the papers assessing the activities of APCU. Data from literature regarding APCU characteristics, activities and outcomes have shown important differences among different countries.In comparison with existing data on traditional hospices, APCU provided a whole range of palliative care interventions, from an early treatment of pain and symptoms at time diagnosis and during the oncological treatment, up to the advanced stage of disease when they may favour the transition to the best supportive care or palliative care only, also indicating the best palliative care service that may fits the clinical and social condition of individuals. Large differences in the characteristics of such units, including hospital stay and mortality, have been evidenced, in some cases resembling those of a traditional hospice. It likely that in some countries such units supply the lack of other palliative care services.Further studies on APCUs are needed, even on other outcome processes, to provide a more precise identification among the palliative care settings, which should not interchangeable, but complimentary to offer the full range of activities to be activated according to the different needs of the patients.
Exploring the feasibility of the charged lepton flavor violating decay μ → e + γ in inverse and linear seesaw mechanisms with A4 flavor symmetry
Authors: Devi Maibam Ricky , Bora Kalpana 
Published: January 2023

One of the possible ways to explain the observed flavor structure of fundamental particles is to include flavor symmetries in the theories. In this work, we investigate the rare charged lepton flavor violating (cLFV) decay process [Formula: see text] in two of the low-scale ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV) seesaw models: (i) the Inverse seesaw (ISS) and (ii) Linear seesaw (LSS) models within the framework of [Formula: see text] flavor symmetry. Apart from the [Formula: see text] flavor symmetry, some other symmetries like [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are included to construct the Lagrangian. We use results from our previous work [M. R. Devi and K. Bora, A comparative study of type-II, inverse and linear seesaw mechanisms with [Formula: see text] flavor symmetry, presented at DAE HEP Symp., 2020, Jatni, Odisha; M. R. Devi and K. Bora, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 37, 2250073] where we computed unknown neutrino oscillation parameters within [Formula: see text] limits of their global best fit values, and apply those results to compute the branching ratio (BR) of the muon decay for both the seesaw models. Next we compare our results with the current experimental bounds and sensitivity limits of BR[Formula: see text] as projected by various experiments, and present a comparative analysis that which of the two models is more likely to be tested by which current/future experiment. This is done for various values of currently allowed non-unitarity parameter. This comparative study will help us to pinpoint that which of the low-scale seesaw models and triplet flavon VEV alignments will be more viable and favorable for testing under a common flavor symmetry ([Formula: see text] here), and hence can help discriminate between the two models.
Checking Just Pairs of Threads for Efficient and Scalable Incremental Verification of Multithreaded Programs
Authors: Parízek Pavel , Kliber Filip 
Published: January 2023

Many techniques of automated verification target multithreaded programs, because subtle interactions between threads may trigger concurrency errors such as deadlocks and data races. However, techniques and tools involving systematic exploration of the whole space of possible thread interleavings do not scale to large software systems, despite various clever algorithmic optimizations. A viable approach is to use incremental verification techniques that, in each run, focus just on the recently modified code and the relatively small number of affected execution traces, and therefore can provide results (bug reports) very quickly.
In this paper we present a new algorithm for incremental verification of multithreaded programs based on the pairwise approach, whose key idea is systematic exploration of all possible thread interleavings just for specific relevant pairs of threads.
We implemented the algorithm with Java Pathfinder as the backend verification tool, and evaluated it on several multithreaded Java programs. Results show that our incremental algorithm (1) can find errors very fast, (2) greatly reduces time needed for complete safety verification, and (3) it can find the same errors as full verification of the whole state space.
Games and Software Engineering
Authors: Bucchiarone Antonio , Cooper Kendra M. L. , Lin Dayi , Melcer Edward F. , Sung Kelvin 
Published: January 2023

Games are a popular form of entertainment and, due to their nature (i.e., interactive, immersive, etc.), strongly lend themselves for use beyond this original intent. Serious games, or games with a purpose, have been introduced to integrate the entertainment value games with domain specific objectives on important topics within education, health, and the environment to mention a few. In addition, gamification has been used to enhance nonentertainment applications with game elements; it aspires to foster behavioral changes, engagement, motivation, and participation in activities. In this context, the actions performed have meaning/value in the game experience in order to improve workplace performance or learn something in real life.
The growing adoption of gameful experiences in all of the previous contexts make their design and development increasingly complex due to, for example, the number and variety of users, and their potential mission criticality. This complexity is nurtured, among the other factors, by a lack of theoretical grounding and adequate frameworks to engineer the intended solutions. In this paper, we report the outcomes of the 6th International Workshop on Games and Software Engineering: Engineering fun, inspiration, and motivation (GAS 2023 ) 1, which was held as part of the 44th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2022) in Pittsburgh, PA, USA on May 20, 2022.
The workshop program includes two exciting keynotes discussing topics related to training and learning, and fulfilling the promise and potential of gamification. The two paper sessions examined gamification from the perspectives of software project, testing, and, design. The conclusion of the workshop is anchored by a panel of four highly qualified researchers and practitioners discussing lessons learned and the future of gamification.
Neuroblastoma Differentiation: The Untapped Potential of Mitochondrial Uncouplers
Authors: Byrne F.L. , Bell J.L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
While the goal of most anticancer treatments is to kill cancer cells, some therapies halt cancer progression by inducing cancer cell differentiation. For example, retinoic acid induces neuroblastoma cell differentiation in vitro and is used as maintenance therapy for children with high-risk neuroblastoma. A new study by Jiang and colleagues has revealed the mitochondrial uncoupler niclosamide ethanolamine (NEN) induces neuroblastoma cell differentiation in vitro and slows neuroblastoma tumor growth in vivo. Mitochondrial uncoupler molecules alter cell metabolism by forcing cells to “burn” more nutrients, resulting in a switch from anabolic to catabolic metabolism. NEN-induced neuroblastoma cell differentiation was associated with disruption of Warburg metabolism, epigenetic remodeling, and downregulation of key oncogenic drivers of neuroblastoma development, including MYCN. NEN is currently used as an antiparasitic worm treatment and is safe to use in children but has poor pharmacokinetic properties. However, derivatives of NEN and structurally distinct uncouplers that have improved pharmacokinetic properties are in development. Results of this study ignite the idea that mitochondrial uncouplers could be used as differentiating agents and expand the pharmacotherapy toolkit to treat cancer, including neuroblastoma.
See related article by Jiang et al., p. 181
Abstract A002: Physical and metabolic aspects of therapy induced senescence and polyploidy in an evolving tumor microenvironment
Authors: Dawson Michelle R. , Ghosh Deepraj 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is available in the Short Talks from Proffered Abstracts section (PR007) of the Conference Proceedings.
Citation Format: Michelle R. Dawson, Deepraj Ghosh. Physical and metabolic aspects of therapy induced senescence and polyploidy in an evolving tumor microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Aging and Cancer; 2022 Nov 17-20; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;83(2 Suppl_1):Abstract nr A002.