bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approaches for automated wiring harness manufacturing: function integration with additive manufacturing
Authors: Lorenz Nico , Mayer Ralph 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the electrification of powertrains and the progressive implementation of assisted and automated driving functions, the vehicle wiring harness is becoming increasingly important in the automotive industry. The design of the wiring harness is gaining considerable variation and is becoming more and more complex. In order to master this complexity in the manufacturing processes in a reliable manner, new approaches are required for the progressive automation of the wiring harness production. Additive manufacturing processes have not yet been used in the production of vehicle wiring harnesses. The development of additive processing of conductive materials therefore creates a new basis for the development of automation solutions to produce vehicle wiring harnesses. With the approach of function-integrated multi-material application, the possibility of using electrically conductive polymers in the vehicle wiring harness is specified in detail. A fundamental study was carried out to determine the values of electrical conductivity that can be achieved in the field of plastics. Based on these findings, the research question being addressed is whether polymers can be made electrically conductive to an extent that is suitable for use in a vehicle’s wiring harness. The materials of electrically conductive components from conventional vehicle electrical systems serve as a reference. A specially developed test set-up for measuring the electrical conductivity of polymers provided the required measured values. The quantitative evaluation of the measurements clearly shows that the use of conductive polymers as a conductive material in the vehicle wiring harness is only possible to a limited extent. The major benefit of the study identified the use of electrically conductive polymers for the automatable production of electrical connections.
Individual participant data sharing intentions and practices during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic: A rapid review
Authors: Kamath Prashanthi , Gudi Nachiket , Staunton Ciara , Jacob Anil G. , John Oommen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to the irrational use of drugs in the absence of clinical management guidelines. Access to individual participant data (IPD) from clinical trials aids the evidence synthesis approaches. We undertook a rapid review to infer IPD sharing intentions based on data availability statements by the principal investigators (PIs) of drug and vaccine trials in the context of COVID-19.
Searches were conducted on PubMed (NCBI). We considered randomized controlled trial (RCT) publications from January 1, 2020, to October 31, 2021. IPD sharing intentions were inferred based on the data availability statements in the full-text manuscript publications. We included 180 articles. Of these, 81.7% (147/180) of the publications have arrived from the findings of the RCTs alone, 12.8% (23/180) of the publications were protocol publications alone, and 5.6% (10/180) of the RCTs had both published protocol and publication from the trial findings. We have reported IPD sharing intentions separately in RCT protocol publications (n = 23 + 10) and publications from RCT findings (n = 147 + 10). Among RCT protocol publications, one-third (11/33) of the PIs intended to share IPD. In fact, over half of the PIs (52.2%, 82/157) in their published RCT findings intended to share IPD. However, information to share about IPD was missing for 57.6% (19/33) of RCT protocols and 38.2% (60/157) of published RCT findings.
Stakeholders must work together to ensure that overarching factors, such as legislation that governs clinical trial practices, are streamlined to bolster IPD sharing mechanisms.
and empirical measures, the irregular set and entropy
Authors: USUKI SHUNSUKE 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor integers a and
$b\geq 2$
, let
$T_a$
and
$T_b$
be multiplication by a and b on
$\mathbb {T}=\mathbb {R}/\mathbb {Z}$
. The action on
$\mathbb {T}$
by
$T_a$
and
$T_b$
is called
$\times a,\times b$
action and it is known that, if a and b are multiplicatively independent, then the only
$\times a,\times b$
invariant and ergodic measure with positive entropy of
$T_a$
or
$T_b$
is the Lebesgue measure. However, it is not known whether there exists a non-trivial
$\times a,\times b$
invariant and ergodic measure. In this paper, we study the empirical measures of
$x\in \mathbb {T}$
with respect to the
$\times a,\times b$
action and show that the set of x such that the empirical measures of x do not converge to any measure has Hausdorff dimension one and the set of x such that the empirical measures can approach a non-trivial
$\times a,\times b$
invariant measure has Hausdorff dimension zero. Furthermore, we obtain some equidistribution result about the
$\times a,\times b$
orbit of x in the complement of a set of Hausdorff dimension zero.
The Relationship between Economic Populist Sovereignism, Globalization and Populist Radical Right Politics: Voter Attitudes in Western Europe and the United States
Authors: Mazzoleni Oscar , Ivaldi Gilles 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSovereignism is at the crux of the current wave of radical right-wing populism (RRP). While sovereignism may concern different dimensions, claims by RRP parties and leaders about regaining sovereignty are increasingly associated with socioeconomic issues such as welfare, redistribution and international trade. Adopting a demand-side perspective, this article draws from an original cross-national survey to investigate the intersection between economic sovereignism, economic populism and globalization attitudes, and how such attitudes may shape RRP voting in Western Europe and the United States. Our results confirm that economic populism and sovereignism form coherent sets of attitudes together with perceptions of globalization, and that such attitudes have a significant effect on support for RRP actors. We find different patterns of association, however, across our European cases and the United States, which suggests that the relationship between populism, sovereignism and economic globalization is partly dependent upon national context and historical legacies.
Event integration as a driving force of language change: evidence from Chinese 使-shǐ-make
Authors: Liu Na , Li Fuyin Thomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTalmy’s (1991; 2000a; 2000b) influential work on motion events provides a strong two-way typology that can examine and account for the typology of a language, but this framework is basically synchronic. It may not be equally valid to explain language change. In this paper, we apply the event integration theory and its latest development, The Macro-event Hypothesis (Li, 2020, 2023), to account for the development of the causative verb 使-shǐ-make (SHI for short) in Chinese. This study reveals that, firstly, the multi-functional behavior of SHI represents a typical case of grammaticalization, with a full verb acquiring the role of conjunction and expressing abstract meanings. Secondly, the semantic division of the causative and non-causative uses of SHI in Contemporary Chinese is the most clear-cut. Thirdly, causative SHI shows a greater level of semantic bleaching, and the construction profiles a single causal activity and has a higher degree of event integration when compared to its lexical verbal use. The constructional grammaticalization of SHI confirms that event integration is key to its development. This study verifies The Macro-event Hypothesis of a continuum of grammaticalization in language and uncovers the process of semantic gradation that takes place in Chinese.
RADIOCARBON DATING OF TREE RINGS FROM THE BEGINNING AND END OF THE YAYOI PERIOD, JAPAN
Authors: Sakamoto Minoru , Hakozaki Masataka , Nakatsuka Takeshi , Ozaki Hiromasa 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTWe have conducted radiocarbon (14C) dating of Japanese tree rings from 1053 to 921 BCE and 41 BCE to 130 CE. Dating was also performed using oxygen isotope dendrochronology to investigate subtle structures of the calibration curve corresponding to the beginning and the end of the Yayoi period in Japan. These two results followed IntCal20, which included the 14C ages of two Japan-sourced trees. The findings suggest that dating of specimens obtained from areas around the Japanese archipelago may be affected by periodic monsoons from the ocean, an effect that needs further examination.
Do France, Germany, and Italy agree on the added therapeutic value of medicines?
Authors: Casilli Giorgio , Lidonnici Dario , Jommi Claudio , De Nigris Marika , Genazzani Armando A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The Health Technology Assessment (HTA) of medicines is performed separately at the country level with some differences, but Italy, France, and Germany have implemented price and reimbursement systems strongly focused on the Added Therapeutic Value (ATV). This study investigates the level of agreement on ATV assessments by Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (AIFA), Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS), and Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss (G-BA).

Methods
A database was created collecting all information about drugs with innovativeness status requests in Italy from July 2017 to December 2022 and populated with the corresponding HAS and G-BA ATV assessments. The primary comparative analysis was conducted by grouping the ATV ratings into “higher added value” and “lower or no added value”, while a secondary analysis considered the Italian innovativeness status as a criterion to include the quality of evidence assessment. The concordance between ATV assessments was investigated through percentage agreement and unweighted Cohen k-value.

Results
189 medicines/indications were included. The greatest agreement was found when comparing G-BA versus HAS (82 percent; k = 0.61, substantial agreement). Lower levels of agreements were observed for AIFA versus HAS and AIFA versus G-BA (respectively 52 percent; k = 0.17 and 57 percent; k = 0.25). The secondary analysis led to a reconciliation to moderate agreement for AIFA versus HAS (72 percent; k = 0.45) and AIFA versus G-BA (74 percent; k = 0.47).

Conclusions
A high degree of concordance between HTA organizations is reached when considering jointly ATV and quality of evidence, suggesting that the system is extensively mature to make a Joint Clinical Assessment, avoiding duplications and reducing access inequalities.
On the Origins of Open Ocean Oxygen Minimum Zones
Authors: Davila Xabier , Olsen Are , Lauvset Siv K. , McDonagh Elaine L. , Brakstad Ailin , Gebbie Geoffrey 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecent work suggests that Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZs) are sustained by the supply of oxygen‐poor waters rather than the export of organic matter from the local surface layer and its subsequent remineralization inside OMZs. However, the mechanisms that form and maintain OMZs are not well constrained, such as the origin of the oxygen that oxygenates OMZs, and the locations where oxygen consumption occurs. Here we use an observation‐based transport matrix to determine the origins of open ocean OMZs in terms of (a) OMZ volume, (b) oxygen that survives remineralization and oxygenates OMZs, and (c) oxygen utilization in the interior ocean that contributes to the oxygen‐deficit of OMZs. We also determine where the utilization of oxygen occurs along the pathways that ventilate the OMZs. Our results show that about half of the volume of OMZ waters originate in high‐latitude regions, but most of their oxygen is utilized for remineralization before they reach OMZs. Instead, OMZs are mostly oxygenated by tropical, subtropical and intermediate waters formed in nearby regions. More than half of the utilization of oxygen occurs in the tropics and subtropics, while less than a third occurs within the OMZs themselves. We therefore suggest that, in steady‐state, OMZs are primarily set by ocean circulation pathways that high‐latitude deep and old water upwards, with relatively low oxygen content.
Oceanic Frontal Divergence Alters Phytoplankton Competition and Distribution
Authors: Plummer Abigail , Freilich Mara , Benzi Roberto , Choi Chang Jae , Sudek Lisa , Worden Alexandra Z. , Toschi Federico , Mahadevan Amala 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEcological interactions among phytoplankton occur in a moving fluid environment. Oceanic flows can modulate the competition and coexistence between phytoplankton populations, which in turn can affect ecosystem function and biogeochemical cycling. We explore the impact of submesoscale velocity gradients on phytoplankton ecology using observations, simulations, and theory. Observations reveal that the relative abundance of Synechoccocus oligotypes varies on 1–10 km scales at an ocean front with submesoscale velocity gradients at the same scale. Simulations in realistic flow fields demonstrate that regions of divergence in the horizontal flow field can substantially modify ecological competition and dispersal on timescales of hours to days. Regions of positive (negative) divergence provide an advantage (disadvantage) to local populations, resulting in up to ∼20% variation in community composition in our model. We propose that submesoscale divergence is a plausible contributor to observed taxonomic variability at oceanic fronts, and can lead to regional variability in community composition.
When and How Can the Stratosphere Modify the Midlatitude Cold Air Outbreaks in Northern Winter: An Isentropic Meridional Mass Circulation View
Authors: Yu Yueyue , Ren Rongcai , Liu Bowen , Wang Lin , Chen Haishan , Yang Yifan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCold air outbreaks (CAOs) in northern winter can be attributed to the variations in the lower‐tropospheric equatorward cold branch (CB) of the isentropic meridional mass circulation (IMMC) across the subpolar latitudes. Understanding when and how the variations of CB are related to the stratosphere is crucial for improving the extended‐range forecast skills of CAOs in winter. Investigation on the vertical coupling of the stratospheric and tropospheric branches of IMMC suggests that the CB (or CAOs) exhibits two major timescales: sub‐monthly (10–30 days) and monthly‐to‐seasonal (>30 days). The CB can be modified by the stratospheric variability that is represented by the stratospheric poleward warm branch (WB‐ST) of the IMMC at monthly‐to‐seasonal timescales via the two‐way stratosphere‐troposphere coupling. At sub‐monthly timescales, however, the upward one‐way coupling from the troposphere to the stratosphere dominates. While changes of the CB always precede those of the WB‐ST at both timescales, indicating the upward tropospheric wave forcing into the stratosphere, the downward impacts of the WB‐ST on the CB (particularly CAOs in North America) are observed only at monthly‐to‐seasonal timescales. Specifically, the accumulated effect of the monthly‐to‐seasonal mass transport by the poleward WB‐ST can be strong enough to dominate the Arctic total column airmass changes, producing not only a barotropic structure of the Northern Annular Mode but also direct changes to the low‐level ageostrophic zonal‐mean meridional flow. The anomalous low‐level ageostrophic flow, in turn, plays a greater role in intensifying (weakening) the equatorward CB following a stronger (weaker) WB‐ST than tropospheric wave activities.
High Productivity at High Latitudes? Photosynthesis and Leaf Ecophysiology in Arctic Forests of the Eocene
Authors: Konrad Wilfried , Roth‐Nebelsick Anita , Traiser Christopher 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Arctic forests of the Eocene, which thrived under elevated CO2, a temperate climate, high precipitation and annually extremely different daylengths, represent a quite spectacular no‐analogue habitat of Earth's greenhouse past. The aim of this study was to improve our understanding of the ecophysiology of Arctic broad‐leaved deciduous forests of the Eocene, by analyzing leaf photosynthesis and tree productivity based on gas exchange modeling for two fossil Eocene sites, Svalbard and Ellesmere Island. For this, a single‐leaf photosynthesis model that includes heat transfer and leaf senescence was derived. Environmental conditions were based on available palaeoclimate data and a CO2 level of 800 μmol/mol. Additionally, different light regimes (diffusivity and transmissivity) were considered. With this model, annual photosynthesis was calculated on the basis of annual temperature and day lengths (derived by celestial mechanics). To obtain productivity of a whole deciduous broad‐leaved tree, the single leaf data were then upscaled by a canopy model. The results indicate that productivity was enhanced at both high latitude sites by elevated CO2, temperature of the growing season and high maximum daylength (24 hr) during late spring and early summer. With productivity values about 30%–60% higher as for a mid‐latitude continental European forest, the results indicate a potential for high productivity at the Eocene polar sites which is in the range of extant tropical forests. In contrast to speculations, no evidence for a selective advantage of large leaf size—as shown by various fossil leaves from high latitude sites—could be found.
Temperature, Deformation, and Mass Transfer in a Hot Orogen: Insights From Thermokinematic Forward Models for Far Western Nepal
Authors: Braza M. , McQuarrie N. , Robinson D. M. , Webb L. E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExhumation and cooling pathways of mid‐crustal metamorphic rocks in the western Nepal Himalaya can be replicated by fold‐thrust belt structures with displacement localized along discrete décollements. New and published muscovite 40Ar/39Ar, zircon U‐Th/He, and apatite fission track cooling ages, peak temperature estimates, geologic mapping, and basin data are integrated with thermokinematic forward models to constrain the geometry, kinematics, and rates of shortening in far western Nepal. The best fit to peak temperatures, cooling ages, and basin accumulation data is achieved with a largely in‐sequence kinematic order, with out‐of‐sequence motion on the Ramgarh‐Munsiari thrust. Fast rates (∼20–40 mm/yr) are required during shortening on early, large displacement faults at ∼23–12 Ma and decrease to ∼10–15 mm/yr during formation of the Lesser Himalayan duplex until ∼1 Ma. Thermokinematic models highlight the relationship between peak temperature, geometry, and shortening on the large displacement Main Central and Ramgarh‐Munsiari thrusts. In the thermokinematic models, we observe a relationship between the location of frontal ramps for the faults that displace lower Lesser Himalayan units and the ∼375°C isotherm, immediately before the ramp becomes active. These correlations suggest that temperature exerts a first‐order control on thrust geometry in a hot orogen. Viable models highlight the position of active ramps, kinematic order of faults, timing of fault motion, and reduction in shortening rates that are required to reproduce the surface geology, basin accumulation, peak temperature conditions, and timing of exhumation. Cooling ages are far more sensitive to the age of fault motion than the rate of fault motion.
The interaction between the nervous system and the stomatognathic system: from development to diseases
Authors: Wu Yuzhu , Lan Yanhua , Mao Jiajie , Shen Jiahui , Kang Ting , Xie Zhijian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe crosstalk between the nerve and stomatognathic systems plays a more important role in organismal health than previously appreciated with the presence of emerging concept of the “brain-oral axis”. A deeper understanding of the intricate interaction between the nervous system and the stomatognathic system is warranted, considering their significant developmental homology and anatomical proximity, and the more complex innervation of the jawbone compared to other skeletons. In this review, we provide an in-depth look at studies concerning neurodevelopment, craniofacial development, and congenital anomalies that occur when the two systems develop abnormally. It summarizes the cross-regulation between nerves and jawbones and the effects of various states of the jawbone on intrabony nerve distribution. Diseases closely related to both the nervous system and the stomatognathic system are divided into craniofacial diseases caused by neurological illnesses, and neurological diseases caused by an aberrant stomatognathic system. The two-way relationships between common diseases, such as periodontitis and neurodegenerative disorders, and depression and oral diseases were also discussed. This review provides valuable insights into novel strategies for neuro-skeletal tissue engineering and early prevention and treatment of orofacial and neurological diseases.
Closing the loop between brain and electrical stimulation: towards precision neuromodulation treatments
Authors: Soleimani Ghazaleh , Nitsche Michael A. , Bergmann Til Ole , Towhidkhah Farzad , Violante Ines R. , Lorenz Romy , Kuplicki Rayus , Tsuchiyagaito Aki , Mulyana Beni , Mayeli Ahmad , Ghobadi-Azbari Peyman , Mosayebi-Samani Mohsen , Zilverstand Anna , Paulus Martin P. , Bikson Marom , Ekhtiari Hamed 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne of the most critical challenges in using noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques for the treatment of psychiatric and neurologic disorders is inter- and intra-individual variability in response to NIBS. Response variations in previous findings suggest that the one-size-fits-all approach does not seem the most appropriate option for enhancing stimulation outcomes. While there is a growing body of evidence for the feasibility and effectiveness of individualized NIBS approaches, the optimal way to achieve this is yet to be determined. Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is one of the NIBS techniques showing promising results in modulating treatment outcomes in several psychiatric and neurologic disorders, but it faces the same challenge for individual optimization. With new computational and methodological advances, tES can be integrated with real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI) to establish closed-loop tES-fMRI for individually optimized neuromodulation. Closed-loop tES-fMRI systems aim to optimize stimulation parameters based on minimizing differences between the model of the current brain state and the desired value to maximize the expected clinical outcome. The methodological space to optimize closed-loop tES fMRI for clinical applications includes (1) stimulation vs. data acquisition timing, (2) fMRI context (task-based or resting-state), (3) inherent brain oscillations, (4) dose-response function, (5) brain target trait and state and (6) optimization algorithm. Closed-loop tES-fMRI technology has several advantages over non-individualized or open-loop systems to reshape the future of neuromodulation with objective optimization in a clinically relevant context such as drug cue reactivity for substance use disorder considering both inter and intra-individual variations. Using multi-level brain and behavior measures as input and desired outcomes to individualize stimulation parameters provides a framework for designing personalized tES protocols in precision psychiatry.