bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflow Velocity and Rotational Effects on Revolving and Translating Wings
Authors: Paulson James , Jardin Thierry , Buchholz James 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
An aspect ratio 9.5 rectangular wing is articulated in revolving and translating motions at a 45-degree angle of incidence and Reynolds number Re = O(300). Four cases are considered while varying two salient aspects of rotational motion. Coriolis and centripetal accelerations are present in the rotating cases and absent in the translating cases, whereas uniform and linearly-varying inflow velocity profiles are imposed on instances of the rotating and translating cases. Each case exhibits distinct leading-edge vortex (LEV) growth and behavior. For the range of displacements studied (180 deg. rotation and corresponding translational displacement) a stably attached LEV is observed when rotational accelerations and/or a linearly-varying inflow velocity profile is present; however, the inflow velocity profile has a stronger effect on stability of the LEV. LEV vorticity magnitude and lift force are significantly augmented when both factors are included (i.e. the full revolving wing case). Vorticity transport analyses are conducted in a planar control region two chords from the axis of rotation, where three-dimensional vorticity transport is shown to be important in mitigating LEV growth, and at an equivalent distance from the wing root in the translating case. The revolving wing exhibits a substantially larger leading-edge shear-layer vorticity flux than the other cases. Inspection of the Coriolis tilting term demonstrates little relevance to LEV stability. In all cases, the surface diffusive flux and shear-layer vorticity flux contributions are found to be negatively correlated. Additionally, a correlation is found between the spanwise convective flux and tilting flux contributions in all cases. Decomposition of the spanwise convective flux reveals that the tilting flux is a constituent of it, demonstrating that the two phenomena are kinematically linked. Based on this result, a significantly simplified vorticity transport equation is developed in which all of the three-dimensional transport fluxes are consolidated into a single term, providing new physical interpretation of these terms.
On Establishing Empirical relationship between Global Crude oil Market and the Nigerian Stock Exchange using Vector Autoregressive Model
Authors: Arua Kalu Chukwuemeka , Nduka Uchenna 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

This research work is purposed to undercover the empirical relationship residing in-between the global crude oil market and Nigerian stock exchange from 1997 to 2019. Variables chosen for this study are crude oil price, crude oil export, crude oil production, all share index, consumer price index and exchange rate and were analyzed using the model. The results from our analyses show that firstly, the global crude oil market has a positive correlation with the Nigerian stock exchange. That implies that as the values of the global crude oil market rises (falls), the values of the Nigerian stock exchange also rises (falls). Secondly, the Granger Causality test confirmed that the consumer price index is helpful in forecasting the future values of exchange rate. Furthermore, the variance decomposition and impulse response revealed that to stabilize the value of all share index, we literally optimize the exchange rate by encouraging mechanized farming to boost the export of cash crops, encouraging and enhancing our local firms and diversification of the Nigerian economy.
Multi-Ligand Copper Complex with Fungicidal and Stimulating Effect for Increasing the Germination and Phytosafety of Plants
Authors: Kabdrakhmanova Sana , Kabdrakhmanova Ainur , Shaimardan Esbol , Akatan Kydyrmolla , Beisebekov Madiar , Nikolaeva Valentina , Selenova Bagadat S. , K.S Joshy , Thomas Sabu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

At present, when the whole world is intensively switching to organic farming, the refusal or minimization of the usage of chemical plant protection products and synthesized fertilizers is a very urgent issue of the agro-industrial complex (AIC). Accordingly, the solution to the problems of increasing yields and ensuring the fight against pathogenic components should be carried out in accordance with the principles of "green" chemistry. In this regard, usage of mixed-ligand complexes based on carboxylic and amino acids with biogenic metals is dictated not only by their availability, low cost, and the ability to increase crop yields, but also by fungicidal activity, less toxicity, easily biodegradability, which lists them among the "green" ones and cost-effective plant biostimulants. In the present work, mixed ligand complex based on succinic acid, glycine and copper with the formula [Cu(succ)(gly)]n, was developed for usage as a fungicidal biostimulant, which has the ability to significantly reduce the number of pathogens. We have found that this compound has a layered structure and can increase soybean germination up to 100%.
Differences of Escherichia coli isolated from different organs of the individual sheep: molecular typing, antibiotics resistance, and biofilm formation
Authors: Wu Zihao , Chi Haoming , Han Tingting , Li Guangxi , Wang Jixue , Chen Wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Despite numerous studies on Escherichia coli (E. coli) from sheep, there have been few reports on the characterization of E. coli isolates from various organs of individual sheep until now. The present study conducted molecular typing, antibiotics resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence genes on E. coli isolated from 57 freshly slaughtered apparently healthy sheep carcasses, gallbladders, fecal samples, and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). The results demonstrated that the detection rate of R1 LPS core type in E. coli isolated from fecal samples (70.83%) was higher than that from other organs, but the detection rate of antibiotic resistance genes was lower (P < 0.05). The predominant phylogenetic group of E. coli isolated from the carcasses was group B1 (93.33%), and the detection rate of multidrug-resistance phenotype (80%) and the resistance rate of E. coli was higher than that from other organs (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the intensity of biofilm formation of E. coli isolated from MLNs was higher than that from other organs (P < 0.05). However, except for ibeB, the detection rates of virulence genes did not differ in E.coli isolated from different organs. In conclusion, differences were noted in these parameters of E. coli isolated from different organs of individual sheep. Therefore, the data may contain considerable mistakes concerning the actual situation in the host if we only analyze the data of E. coli isolated from feces or carcasses.
A robust method for the rapid generation of nanobodies
Authors: Tao Zhiqing , Wang Huan , Zhao Xiaoling , Zhang Juan , Jiang Guosheng , Yu Bin , Chen Yihao , Zhu Mingjun , Long Junli , Yin Lei , Zhang Xu , Liu Maili , He Lichun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background：Nanobody refers to the variable domain of heavy-chain only antibodies. The distinctive advantages of nanobodies including small size, feasible expression in Escherichia coli (E. coli), and superior stability make them promising tools for applications in scientific research and therapies. So far, the screening and expression of nanobodies are mainly following similar methods used for conventional antibodies, suffering from amplification-caused losses of the diversity of libraries and requirements of subcloning of interests into the expression vector.
Results: Here, based on the unique properties of nanobodies, we developed a new high-throughput (>105) method to screen and express nanobodies simultaneously in the cell culture media, simplifying the production of specific nanobodies significantly. Nanobodies specifically binding with target proteins were enriched through cell splitting and regrown steps in a way following the Poisson distribution to ensure no positive clones were dismissed, while the population of positive clones increased by one order of magnitude upon each round of cell splitting. In the end, 5 different nanobodies against the death domain receptor 5 (DR5) and 5 different nanobodies against the Pyrococcus furiosus (Pfu) DNA polymerase were produced directly out of their immunized libraries respectively.
Conclusions: Our approach offers an integrated strategy for rapid, and low-cost nanobody screening and expression with no loss of the library diversity, demonstrating general applicability in the routine production of monoclonal nanobodies for diverse biomedical applications.
Primary cells from patients with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma depend on HTLV-1 Tax expression for NF-kB activation and survival
Authors: Hleihel Rita , Skayneh Hala , de The Hugues , Hermine Olivier , Bazarbachi Ali 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Adult T Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive malignancy secondary to chronic infection with human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The viral oncoprotein Tax initiates T cell transformation through activation of critical cellular pathways, including NF-κB. Unexpectedly; Tax protein is not detectable in most ATL cells, in contrast to the HTLV-1 HBZ protein which antagonizes Tax effects. Here, we demonstrate that primary ATL cells from patients with acute or chronic ATL express very low levels of Tax mRNA and protein. Critically, survival of these primary ATL cells is dependent on continued Tax expression. Mechanistically, Tax extinction results in reversal of NF-κB activation, P53/PML activation and apoptosis. Tax drives interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression and recombinant IL-10 rescues the survival of tax-depleted primary ATL cells. These results demonstrate the critical role of continued Tax and IL-10 expression for the survival of primary ATL cells, highlighting their relevance as therapeutic targets.
A confocal immunofluorescence study on the expression and localisation of zinc homeostasis- related proteins in breast and prostate cancer cells
Authors: Barman Shital K. , Malladi Chandra S. , Mahns David A. , Wu Ming J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Zinc transport proteins (ZIP/ZnT), metallothioneins and protein kinase CK2 are involved in maintaining intracellular zinc balance for the cell. Dysregulation of cellular zinc homeostasis is the key feature of breast and prostate cancer cells. Here, we attempted to follow up our previous finding that ZIP12, ZnT1 and metallothionein (MT2A) were differentially expressed at the gene level in breast and prostate cancer cells in response to extracellular zinc exposure. By immunofluorescence confocal microscopy, we determined the protein expression and subcellular localisation of ZIP12, ZnT1, MT2A, as well as the catalytic subunits CK2α/α' and the regulatory subunit CK2β of CK2 in breast and prostate cancer cells. The findings demonstrated that without extracellular zinc exposure, ZIP12 was up-regulated in normal breast epithelial cells but down-regulated in breast cancer cells, in contrast to its overexpression in prostate cancer cells but a reduction in normal prostate cells. Upon extracellular zinc exposure, ZIP12 was conspicuously localised in the plasma membrane of breast cancer cells but not in normal breast, nor in cancerous or noncancerous prostate cells. ZnT1 is only localised in the plasma membrane of breast cancer cells but not in the other cells. MT2A is distinctively seen close to the plasma membrane in breast cancer cells. Intriguingly, protein kinase CK2 was demonstrated to be an ecto-kinase by the localisation of its subunits CK2α/α' and CK2β in proximity to the plasma membrane of breast cancer cells. Taken together, these novel findings provide molecular details for our understanding of zinc homeostasis in breast and prostate cancer cells.
The rotation of Phallus impudicus benefits the soil microenvironment via improving the soil microbiome structure and soil properties
Authors: Yanhong Wang , Jiao Xu , Qingsong Yuan , Lanping Guo , Chenghong Xiao , Changgui Yang , Liangyuan Li , Weike Jiang , Tao Zhou 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Backgroud: Rhizosphere microbiome play vital roles in soil nutrient cylcling and plant growth, their diversity and composition are commonly influenced by soil management systems. Currently, however, the specific dynamic of microbial community in cultivation of Gastrodia elata and rotation of Phallus impudicus remains unknown. To narrow this knowledge gap, soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community in the rhizosphere soil of G. elatacultivation and rotation of P. impudicus management were analyzed and compared.
Results: The results revealed that the cultivation of G. elata and rotation of P. impudicus both increased the diversity, complexity, and stability of the soil microbiome structure and reshaped the soil microbiota composition. In addition, the cultivation of P. impudicus reversed the G. elata-induced decrease in soil pH and nutrient levels, increased soil humification and improved humus composition. The RDA result indicated that the soil microbial community strongly correlates with soil pH and exchangeable Ca/Mg ratio, indicating that soil nutrient levels play dominant roles in soil microbial community improvement in this rotation management system.
Conclusions: Our findings provide insights into microbiome assembly and soil physicochemical properties in cultivation of G. elata and rotation of P. impudicus, rotation affected soil microorganisms mainly through changes in soil nutrient profile and might have potential benefits in next growing season. In addition, our results highlight the importance of rotaion management during artificial cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine for sustainable development.
A method of knowledge tracing based on gating-controlled and attention mechanism
Authors: Dong Yumin , Zhang Yongjian , Li Feifei , Zhu Tingting 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Knowledge tracing (KT) task is designed to track the changes in students ’knowledge status according to the historical learning interaction of students, and predict students’ future learning effects. Most of the existing KT models only judge their knowledge status based on the performance of students in learning interaction. They didn’t fully notice the impact of students’ learning and forgetful behavior in the state of knowledge. The difficulty of practice difficulty on knowledge tracing. We proposed a framework called the attention knowledge tracing based on the gating-controlled mechanism (referred to as GMAKT). In GMAKT, two gating-controlled mechanisms are designed to clearly simulate the forgetting and learning behavior in the learning process of students. Through the design gating-controlled mechanism, the difficulty of interactive records and knowledge concepts is effectively combined to track the dynamic changes of students’ knowledge of knowledge concepts. The results of a large number of experiments show that the proposed framework is better than the most advanced model in the KT task. In addition, ablation research shows that the forgetting and learning mechanism of design significantly helps improve GMAKT’s performance.
Influence of S doping on cobalt hydroxide and nitrogen-doped carbon dots of supercapacitor electrode materials
Authors: Lin Fanyi , Hong Xiansheng , Chen Zihan , Zheng Yuying 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Recently, the supercapacitor has been used as a type of energy storage application. In this work, cobalt hydroxide adorned with nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NC) is synthesized by a hydrothermal approach. Then Co(OH)2/NC is modified by sodium sulfide to obtain S-Co(OH)2/NC, which shows an excellent specific capacitance of 730 F g− 1 at 1 A g− 1 (much higher than that of pristine Co(OH)2/NC (592 F g− 1 at 1 A g− 1)). An asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) is assembled by S-Co(OH)2/NC (as a positive electrode) and GA/NC (as a negative electrode), which presents a specific energy density as high as 39.59 Wh kg− 1 with a power density of 639 W kg− 1. Also, the ACS manifests extraordinary cycle stability (75% capacitance retention after 8500 cycles). According to the electrochemical performance, it can be inferred that S-Co(OH)2/NC has a great practical application value in supercapacitor devices.
A dispersion-corrected DFT calculations on encapsulation of Favipiravir drug used as antiviral against COVID-19 into carbon-, boron-, and aluminum-nitride nanotubes for optimal drug delivery systems combined with molecular docking simulations
Authors: Albarakati Roqaya , Al-Qurashi Ohoud , Safi Zaki , Wazzan Nuha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Favipiravir (FAV) (6-fluoro-3-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrazine-2-carboxamide) is one of the most effective antiviral drugs which is cited for action against RNA-viral infections of COVID-19. In this study, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were used to investigate three nanotubes (NTs) with FAV drug as delivery systems. The encapsulated systems (ESs) consisting of FAV drug inside carbon-carbon, aluminum nitride, and boron nitride. At B3LYP-D/6-31G(d,p) and CPCM/B3LYP-D/6-31G(d,p), the optimization of NTs, FAV and its tautomeric forms, and six ESs were investigated in gas and water environments. Five tautomeric forms of FAV were investigated, two keto forms (K1 and K2) and three enol forms ( (E1, E2, and E3). The results revealed that E3 and K2 isomeric forms represented the most stable structures in both media; thus, these two forms were encapsulated into the NTs. The stability and the synthesis feasibility of NTs have been proven by calculating their interaction energies. Noncovalent interactions (NCIs) were investigated in the ESs to show the type of NCI with the molecular voids. The binding energies, thermochemical parameters, and recovery times were investigated to understand the mechanism of FAV encapsulation and release. The encapsulated AlNNT systems are more favorable than those of BNNTs and CNTs in gas and aqueous environments with much higher binding energies. The quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and recovery time analysis revealed the easier releasing of E3 from AlNNT over K2 form. Based on molecular docking simulations, we found that E3 and K2 FAV forms showed a high level of resistance to SARS-CoV-6M3M/6LU7/6W9C proteases.
Oxidative stress-related markers as prognostic factors for patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis in Japan
Authors: Oyama Atsushi , Takaki Akinobu , Adachi Takuya , Wada Nozomu , Takeuchi Yasuto , Onishi Hideki , Shiraha Hidenori , Okada Hiroyuki , Otsuka Motoyuki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background/purpose:
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare chronic liver disease. The mechanisms and prediction of progression for PSC are unclear. Recent investigations have shown that general conditions, such as oxidative stress, affect the course of chronic diseases. We investigated the clinical course and oxidative stress-related condition of PSC to determine the prognostic factors.
Methods
We recruited 58 patients with PSC (median age; 34.5 years, median observation period; 33.5 months) who visited our department from 2003 to 2021. Clinical characteristics were investigated to define the prognostic factors. The oxidative stress status was evaluated using two types of markers: an oxidative stress marker (serum reactive oxygen metabolite; dROM) and an antioxidant marker (serum OXY adsorbent test; OXY).
Results
The revised Mayo risk and Child–Pugh scores or fibrosis-related FIB-4 index were able to significantly discriminate patients with poor overall survival. High intestinal immunoglobulin (Ig) A levels predicted poor survival. In patients with high or intermediate revised Mayo risk scores, those with high dROM levels showed better survival than those with lower dROM levels. The serum OXY showed no such correlations. In this population, dROM was negatively correlated with AST and IgA, which are both correlated with survival.
Conclusions
High or intermediate revised Mayo risk score predicted poor PSC clinical course. Additionally, the Child–Pugh score and FIB-4 index were significantly correlated with survival. In patients with high or intermediate revised Mayo risk scores, low oxidative stress status correlated with high IgA and exhibited poor prognosis.
Radiomics and outcome prediction to antiangiogenic treatment in advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours:findings from the phase II TALENT trial
Authors: Ligero Marta , Hernando Jorge , Delgado Eric , Garcia-Ruiz Alonso , Merino-Casabiel Xavier , Ibrahim Toni , Fazio Nicola , Lopez Carlos , Teulé Alexandre , Valle Juan W. , Tafuto Salvatore , Custodio Ana , Reed Nicholas , Raderer Markus , Grande Enrique , Garcia-Carbonero Rocio , Jimenez-Fonseca Paula , Garcia-Alvarez Alejandro , Escobar Manuel , Casanovas Oriol , Capdevila Jaume , Perez-Lopez Raquel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
More accurate predictive biomarkers in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP-NETs) are needed. This study aims to investigate radiomics-based tumour phenotypes as a surrogate biomarker of the tumour vasculature and response prediction to antiangiogenic targeted agents in patients with GEP-NETs.
Methods In this retrospective study, a radiomics signature was developed in patients with GEP-NETs and liver metastases receiving lenvatinib. Patients were selected from the multicentre phase II TALENT trial (NCT02678780) (development cohort). Radiomics variables were extracted from liver metastases in the pre-treatment CT-scans and selected using LASSO regression and minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR). Logistic regression and Cox proportional-hazards models for radiomics and combined radiomics with clinical data were explored. The performance of the models was tested in an external cohort (test cohort). Associations between the radiomics score and vascularization factors in plasma were studied using hierarchical clustering and Mann-Whitney U test.
Results
A total of 89 patients were included in the study, 408 liver metastases where analysed. The CT-based radiomics signature was associated with clinical benefit in the development (training and validation sets) and test cohorts (AUC 0.75 [0.66-0.90], 0.67 [0.49-0.92] and 0.67 [0.43-0.91], respectively). The combined radiomics-clinical signature (including the radiomics score, Ki-67 index and primary tumour site) improved on radiomics-only signature performance (AUC 0.79 [95% CI 0.64-0.93]; P<0.001). A higher radiomics score indicated longer progression-free survival (hazard ration of 0.11[0.03-0.45]; P=0.002) and was associated with vascularization factors (P=0.01).
Conclusions
Radiomics-based phenotypes can provide valuable information about tumour characteristics, including vasculature, that are associated with response to antiangiogenics.
Clinical Trial Registration
This is a study of the Lenvatinib Efficacy in Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumours (TALENT) phase II clinical trial (NCT02678780).