bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intellectual Rights in the Light of the Qurʾan and Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Authors: Abu Alhaj Thabet Ahmad Abdallah 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Human Intellectual Rights in the Qurʾan is a necessary extension of its respect for the value of human beings. It is regarded as an instrument with the primary purpose to guide one to happiness in this world and the Hereafter. Based on the belief that Islam is a religion applicable to all in every circumstance, we selected Sample of Qurʾanic verses to illustrate how Islam perceives and defends intellectual Rights. The study aims to clarify the types of intellectual rights that Qurʾan granted to humans and to be a direct response to those who perceive Islam as a religion of repression, inertia, and hyperbole. The author notes that the freedoms admitted in the Qurʾan are not absolute, but constrained by methodological and moral principles, taking into consideration the interests of the individual and the community while also avoiding extremism and negligence. The study’s comparison between the freedoms granted by the Qurʾan to Intellectual Rights and such as exist in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, is based on rational standards, and not only on religious texts. This is achieved by identifying the theoretical and practical applications of the freedom of Intellectual Rights in the Qurʾan and Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and their implications. The study found that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights failed to achieve human dignity and preserve communities’ rights and freedoms due to its insistence of the absolute freedom of thought, belief, and expression. Such freedoms were not subject to controls and were not provided with direction. The theoretical grounds upon which these freedoms were articulated were flawed leading to gross abuses in practical reality.
Social Ethics on Sūra Yāsīn (Q. 36): A Structural Semiotic Analysis
Authors: Muttaqin Ahmad , Alimin  
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Qurʾanic interpretations tend to identify the main idea of sūra Yāsīn (Q. 36) as a resurrection at the doomsday. There is a lack of understanding of its cultural symbols. Meanwhile, the structures of the surah contain some symbolic signs that need to be decoded. This study aims to examine the symbolic meanings of Q. 36 and its relevance to the social life. Employing the structural semiotic theory, the study concludes that Q. 36, in connotative level, consists of the positive characters of humans. The surah gives a warning of the negative characters of humans in the theological and social relationship. In other words, Q. 36 fundamentally contains the symbolic meanings of social ethics. The study shows that the Qurʾanic text is a representative part of the larger context. It is a symbolic medium that represents a cultural meaning. Therefore, not only the structural meaning but also the cultural symbolic meaning are worth of further scrutiny.
Chinese Buddhist Narratives in Light of Indian Sources: A Case Study of the Sudāna/Vessantara Jātaka’s Reception in Early Medieval China
Authors: Zhao Jinchao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Vessantara jātaka (also called the Sudāna jātaka in its Chinese versions) is one of the most highly renowned and widely circulated jātakas, or birth stories of the Buddha, in the Buddhist world. During the fifth and sixth centuries CE, the story was frequently depicted in Chinese murals and reliefs. Among a few sixth-century reliefs, scenes showing Prince Sudāna in exile appear to have been selected to crystallise the whole story, replacing the focus on Sudāna’s gifting of his children in the previous tradition. This study integrates early Indian sources with other relevant scholarship to explore the reason why Sudāna’s exile was selected. I argue that the choice of depicting Sudāna’s exile was shaped by two historical contexts. The first relates to a specific rhetorical strategy of integrating indigenous Chinese accounts of immortals into the story’s textual tradition in the third century. The second refers to the underlying religious mentality that focused on the quest for transcendence in the mountains, an idea that grew more popular during the flourishing of Buddhist meditation practice in the early sixth century. This article provides further methodological reflections on the study of Chinese Buddhist art, focusing on how important it is to incorporate more Indian sources and scholarship. It therefore engages with ongoing methodological reflections on China-India studies.
Memories, Morals, and Motives: An Inquiry into China-India Interactions at the World Trade Organization
Authors: Pandit Priyanka , Chattaraj Saheli 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As China and India have begun to rapidly integrate into the world economy, they have generated scholarly interest in the processes of their economic transformations and consequences of their international economic engagements across a range of domains such as trade, finance, development, global economic governance, etc. However, research in these areas is primarily comparative, exploring the apparent variations with little focus on how they relate to each other in their response to “circulatory global forces”. This article discusses the challenges of understanding China-India interactions in the field of global economic governance in general and in the context of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in particular, and examines how they have responded, adapted, or innovated, both individually and as part of a collective or coalition, at similar points in time. In contrast to the other international economic institutions, the WTO has emerged as a site of struggle between ideas, actors, and norms, replete with instances of solidarity, failed solidarity, etc.
A Matter of Taste: Tea, Opium, and Trade Monopolies in Tibet
Authors: Mukherjee Sayantani 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article chronicles the British Indian state’s attempt, and eventual failure, to break the Chinese monopoly on trading tea in Tibet at the very time Britain replaced Qing China as the largest exporter of tea on the global stage. I explore this short history by analysing the trade marts established in Tibet and the eastern Himalayas between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, not simply as centres of imperial trade between two powerful empires, but as occupied territories meant to form key nodes on land networks throughout the Tibetan plateau and highlands. Following its failure to push Indian tea into Tibetan markets, the British government in India experimented with the sale of opium in British-controlled marts in Tibet, thus marking important continuities in commodity trade competition with China across market spheres. The competition between Chinese and Indian tea has been richly documented as a narrative of ascendancy and industrial modernisation that rapidly reshaped global imperial hierarchies as well as local socio-cultural relationships (including those of labour accumulation). By contrast, the British failure in Tibet highlights how militarised frontier-making alone advanced market capitalism throughout the trans-Himalayan theatre. This article demonstrates how the exigencies of war propaganda and imperial frontier-making shaped not only the spatial and cultural frames of tea consumption in Tibet, but the territorial entities of the Himalayan “borderlands”, and indeed, “Tibet” itself.
The Medicine Monopoly Contract in Manila: A Perspective on Medical Provision and the Circulation of Medicine in the Early Eighteenth Century
Authors: González Balderas Juan Carlos 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article outlines the establishment of a monopoly contract for medicines in Manila. Although colonial medicine has gained prominence in current historiography, little is known about New Spain’s role in providing remedies to the Spanish population in the Philippines. This article maps the factors that motivated the Spanish Crown to modify a two-centuries-old medicine provision system led by New Spanish merchandisers and establish a monopoly contract (asiento) to administer and prepare all necessary medical treatments. Examining the causes, this study argues that this monopoly contract represents a unique royal strategy in the Philippines, in concordance with the Bourbon dynasty’s ambition to improve the medical care of Spaniards in the eighteenth century. Furthermore, this new agreement signified a period of improvement in the conditions of the Royal Hospital for Spaniards in Manila and a new era in the manufacture of medicines in the Philippines that would last throughout the first half of the eighteenth century.
GRWP-PBLH: Global Radar Wind Profiler Planetary Boundary Layer Height Data
Authors: Salmun Haydee , Josephs Holly , Molod Andrea 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The planetary boundary layer (PBL) is central to the exchange of heat and moisture between Earth’s surface and the atmosphere, to the turbulent transport of aerosol and chemical pollutants affecting air quality, and to near- and long-term climate prediction. Consequently, the PBL has become a major focus of atmospheric and climate science, particularly after its designation as a “targeted observable” by the 2018 National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine Earth Science Decadal Survey. Information about the height of the PBL that is global in scope allows for wide geographical analysis of connections to seasonality, to latitude, proximity to oceans, and synoptic variability. Information about the PBL height at hourly resolution allows for the analysis of diurnal cycles and PBL height growth rates, both of which are critical to the study of near-surface transport processes. This manuscript describes the release of a new global dataset of PBL height estimates retrieved from radar wind profilers (RWPs), called Global Radar Wind Profiler Planetary Boundary Layer Height (GRWP-PBLH). Hourly PBL height estimates are retrieved using an existing algorithm applied to archived signal-to-noise ratio data from a series of networks located around the globe, specifically in Australia, Europe, and Japan. Information about the source data, details of data processing, and production of PBL height estimates are discussed here along with a description of supplementary data and the available software. The GRWP-PBLH dataset is now accessible to the community for ongoing and future research.
Weakened Relationship between the Tibetan Plateau Heat Source and the Western North Pacific Anomalous Anticyclone in Recent Summers
Authors: Luo Haolin , Wang Ziqian , Wu Huan , Zeng Zhuoyu , Yu Wei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Numerous studies have indicated that the atmospheric heat source (AHS) over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is highly correlated with the western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone (WNPAC) in summer. However, such an interannual relationship has been weakened since the late 1990s. The present work shows that the TP AHS was significantly and positively correlated with the WNPAC during the period 1979–99 (P1), while this relationship became insignificant hereafter [2000–20 (P2)]. From an atmospheric perspective, we identify that the long-term change in the upper-level atmospheric circulation over the TP is an important cause for weakening the relationship. An obvious upper-level anticyclonic trend occurred over the northeastern TP in the past four decades, with an easterly trend on the anticyclone’s southern flank, with anomalous westerlies during P1 but anomalous easterlies during P2 over the main portion of the TP. With the anomalous upper-level westerlies in P1, abnormal high pressure induced by the TP heating (i.e., AHS) extended downstream in the upper troposphere. Subsequently, anomalous descending motions formed over the northwestern Pacific due to the eastward-extended high pressure, together with the vertical transport of negative relative vorticity, favorable for the enhancement of the WNPAC. In P2, the TP heating-induced abnormal high pressure was confined over the southern TP due to the anomalous easterlies, suppressing its downstream influence and finally breaking the connection between the TP AHS and the WNPAC. Modeling results from both linear baroclinic model (LBM) sensitivity experiments and the CESM Large Ensemble dataset further confirm the important role of the change in background circulation in weakening the relationship.

Significance Statement
The atmospheric heat source (AHS) over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is generally believed to closely connect with the western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone (WNPAC) during boreal summer. Previous studies have revealed that a significant interannual correlation exists between the TP AHS and the WNPAC; however, such a relationship was weakened recently, but the causes are unknown. This study highlights the important contribution from the change in background circulation to the weakened relationship. An upper-level easterly trend occurred over the TP in recent summers, under which the TP heating-induced abnormal atmospheric response was confined in the TP area, limiting the downstream influence of the TP heating and finally destroying the connection between the TP AHS and the downstream WNPAC.
A fast dynamic model of a two-sided permanent magnet electrodynamic suspension system in a maglev train
Authors: Wang Bo , Luo Shihui , Ma Weihua , Li Guanchun , Wang Zhiyu , Xu Jie , Zhang Xiaoxu 
Published: April 2023

In vehicle dynamics research, a dynamics model is essential, as it provides the basis for the demonstration of early system design of vehicle as well as the verification and optimization of the dynamics performance of the final product. To promote the development of a permanent magnet (PM) Electrodynamic Suspension (EDS) in a maglev train, research was carried out in order to explore a fast dynamics modeling, with suspension system based on two-sided PM. First of all, a halbach array was taken as the object of study, with the analytical solution of its magnetic force obtained by theoretical derivation according to magnet filed and 2D analytical method; then, the magnetic force was discretized into a data matrix of displacement, force, and speed; thirdly, the data matrix was introduced in SIMPACK to establish a magnet-track relationship in scalar form, and a dynamics model of the two-sided PM EDS maglev system was finished by the theory of multi-body dynamics modeling; finally, the proposed modeling was validated by the agreement between theoretical derivation and dynamics model calculation of the heaving frequency and pitching frequency of the frame; at the same time, it was also validated by the agreement of dynamic responses between the modeling by vehicle-track coupled dynamics theory and the dynamic model calculation of the levitation gap and force. According to the established dynamics model, dynamic response of the system at the speed of 600 km/h was calculated, and the feasibility of the two-sided PM EDS maglev train was verified. The simulation speed of model which was established before is 50 times that of the mathematical model by the vehicle-track coupled dynamics, thus providing reference for the future research in this regard.
Paradoxical autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy-like phenotypes shown in an autosomal dominant pedigree
Authors: Hu Feng , Li Qian , Shi Jie , Wang Ru , Zhang Yongpeng , Cao Xinyang , Zhang Xin , Ma Ya , Wang Ge , Peng Xiaoyan 
Published: April 2023

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and genetic characteristics of eight members from a Chinese Han family who displayed autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB)-like retinal changes in autosomal dominant (AD) inheritance pattern. Methods Clinical investigations included slit-lamp, tonometry, fundus photography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence, electrooculography, and ultrasound biomicroscopy. Ocular axial length measurements were collected retrospectively. The targeted exome sequencing (TES) was applied for the genetic analysis of the proband. PCR-based Sanger sequencing was performed on the family for validation and co-segregation analysis. Results Eight members in the three-generation pedigree complained about vision loss and seven of them had detailed clinical assessments, demonstrating ocular phenotypes including extramacular and vascular arcades subretinal deposits and Arden ratio decline on electrooculography that resembled ARB. Bilateral anterior chamber structure abnormalities were observed in seven cases and three patients were diagnosed with angle-closure glaucoma. Despite clinical phenotypes supporting ARB, there was only a single heterozygous mutation of c.227T > C (p.Ile76Thr) in the BEST1 gene detected in all eight patients, which showcased AD inheritance. Conclusions An ARB-like phenotype could be caused by a heterozygous mutation of the BEST1 gene and inherited in an AD fashion.
Phytochemical Analysis of the Essential Oils From the Rhizomes of Three Vietnamese Curcuma Species and Their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Tran-Trung Hieu , Dau Xuan Duc , Nguyen Thi Chung , Nguyen-Thi-Thu Hien , Nguyen-Ngoc Hieu , Nguyen Thi Giang An , Hoang Van Trung , Nguyen Dang-Khoa , Nguyen Danh Duc , Tran Van Chen , Duc Giang Le 
Published: April 2023

Objective/Background The essential oils (EOs) of Curcuma species contain various volatile compounds with bioactivity. However, the phytochemical profile of Curcuma thorelii and the antimicrobial activities of Curcuma rhabdota, and Curcuma petiolata have received limited attention. This study aims to characterize and compare the major compounds and the antimicrobial activities of EOs extracted from the rhizomes of C. rhabdota, C. thorelii, and C. petiolata collected in Vietnam . Methods EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation of the rhizomes of three Curcuma species. The chemical profiles were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antimicrobial activities against bacteria and a pathogenic fungus were determined through the broth dilution method. Results The volatile profiles of C. rhabdota, C. thorelii, and C. petiolata EOs included 63 (97.1%), 47 (98.0%), and 50 (95.6%) compounds, respectively. The major compound in the EO of C. rhabdota rhizomes was 3-carene (16.6%), followed by camphene (9.8%), α-copaene (7.4%), γ-terpinene (7.3%), camphor (5.9%), and β-curcumene (5.7%). The predominant compounds of the EO extracted from C. thorelii rhizome were xanthorrhizol (40.7%), β-curcumene (20.7%), and α-curcumene (8.9%), while camphene (17.0%), ( E)- β-elemenone (16.8%), (E)-β-farnesene (13.6%), germacrone (8.9%), 1,8-cineole (7.2%), and camphor (6.0%) were the most abundant components in C. petiolata rhizomes. Except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was less susceptible to the EOs with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 128 μg/mL, the three oil samples exhibited potent antimicrobial activities against all investigated strains with MIC values in the range of 2-32 μg/mL. Especially, the EO of C. thorelii rhizomes showed intense activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans with a MIC value of 2 µg/mL. Conclusion The results showed the chemical variability of EOs from three Curcuma species and the prepared EO samples showed potent antimicrobial activities against several microbial strains, indicating a high potential application as a food preservative and in the pharmaceutical industry.
Preserved T cell but attenuated antibody response in MS patients on fingolimod and ocrelizumab following 2nd and 3rd SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
Authors: Conway Sarah , Saxena Shrishti , Baecher-Allan Clare , Krishnan Rajesh , Houtchens Maria , Glanz Bonnie , Saraceno Taylor J , Polgar-Turcsanyi Mariann , Bose Gauruv , Bakshi Rohit , Bhattacharyya Shamik , Galetta Kristin , Kaplan Tamara , Severson Christopher , Singhal Tarun , Stazzone Lynn , Zurawski Jonathan , Paul Anu , Weiner Howard L , Healy Brian C , Chitnis Tanuja 
Published: April 2023

Background There is limited knowledge about T cell responses in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) after 3 doses of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccine. Objectives Assess the SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody and T cell responses in MS patients and healthy controls (HCs) after 2 doses (2-vax) and 3 doses (3-vax) of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Methods We studied seroconversion rates and T cell responses by flow cytometry in HC and MS patients on fingolimod or ocrelizumab. Results After 2-vax, 8/33 (24.2%) patients in ocrelizumab group, 5/7 (71.4%) in fingolimod group, and 29/29 (100%) in HC group ( P = 5.7 × 10−11) seroconverted. After 3-vax, 9/22 (40.9%) patients in ocrelizumab group, 19/21 (90.5%) in fingolimod group, and 7/7 (100%) in HC group seroconverted ( P = 0.0003). The percentage of SARS-CoV-2 peptide reactive total CD4+ T cells increased in HC and ocrelizumab group but not in fingolimod group after 2-vax and 3-vax ( P < 0.0001). The percentage of IFNγ and TNFα producing total CD4+ and CD8+ T cells increased in fingolimod group as compared to HC and ocrelizumab group after 2-vax and 3-vax ( P < 0.0001). Conclusions MS patients on ocrelizumab and fingolimod had attenuated humoral responses, but preserved cytokine producing T cell responses compared to HCs after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Clinical Trials Registration NCT05060354.
Efficacy of Intra-articular Versus Extra-articular Bupivacaine Injection in Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Lindner Dror , Gilat Ron , Smorgick Yossi , Avisar Erez , Agar Gabriel , Beer Yiftah 
Published: April 2023

Background: Immediate postoperative pain relief following arthroscopic partial meniscectomy remains a critical contributor to improved patient experience, early recovery of range of motion, and enhanced rehabilitation. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of intra-articular versus extra-articular bupivacaine on pain intensity and analgesic intake after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: This was a prospective double-blind, randomized clinical trial. All patients included underwent arthroscopic partial meniscectomy under general anesthesia. Patients were randomized into 2 groups, with 20 patients in each group. At the conclusion of the arthroscopic procedure, the intra-articular group received 10 mL 0.5% bupivacaine introduced intra-articularly and 10 mL isotonic saline 0.9% infiltrated subcutaneously around the portals. The extra-articular group received the isotonic saline intra-articularly and the bupivacaine around the portals. The primary outcome was the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Assessments were performed 0 to 0.5, 1 to 2, 2 to 4, and at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively. In addition, analgesic and narcotic consumption was monitored. Results: There were no differences between the groups in terms of patient demographics. VAS scores for the intra-articular group were 6, 8, 3.25, 4.3, and 4.5 at 0 to 0.5, 1 to 2, 2 to 4, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively, respectively. VAS scores for the extra-articular group were 3.8, 5, 2.9, 5.2, and 5.25, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed between the 2 groups regarding pain intensity at all time points. There was also no statistically significant difference in analgesic consumption. Dipyrone was the preferred drug by patients from the intra-articular group, while the extra-articular group preferred to use opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Conclusion: There were no differences in pain severity and analgesic intake between intra- or extra-articular bupivacaine administration after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy.