bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the short-period eclipsing Am binary V404 Aur and GWGem
Authors: Tian Xiao-Man , Wang Zhi-Hua , Zhu Li-Ying , Wang Jing-Jing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The multi-colour complete light curves and low-resolution spectra of two short period eclipsing Am binaries V404 Aur and GW Gem are presented. The stellar atmospheric parameters of the primary stars were derived through the spectra fitting. The observed and TESS-based light curves of them were analysed by using the Wilson-Devinney code. The photometric solutions suggest that both V404 Aur and GW Gem are semi-detached systems with the secondary component filling its critical Roche Lobe, while the former should be a marginal contact binary. The

$O-C$

analysis found that the period of V404 Aur is decreasing at a rate of

$dP/dt=-1.06(\pm0.01)\times 10^{-7}\,\mathrm{d}\,\mathrm{ yr}^{-1}$

, while the period of GW Gem is increasing at

$dP/dt=+2.41(\pm0.01)\times 10^{-8} \mathrm{d}\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$

. The period decrease of V404 Aur may mainly be caused by the combined effects of the angular momentum loss (AML) via an enhanced stellar wind of the more evolved secondary star and mass transfer between two components. The period increase of GW Gem supports the mass transfer from the secondary to the primary. Both targets may be in the broken contact stage predicted by the thermal relaxation oscillations theory and will eventually evolve to the contact stage. We have collected about 54 well-known eclipsing Am binaries with absolute parameters from the literature. The relations of these parameters are summarised. There are some components that have a higher degree of evolution. The majority of their hydrogen shell may have been stripped away and the stellar internal layer exposed. The accretion processes from such evolved components may be very important for the formation of Am peculiarity in binaries.
Echocardiographic predictors of surgical outcomes in pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and development of a discriminatory calculator: an Australian tertiary institution experience
Authors: Justo Edward , Tarca Adrian , McKinnon Elizabeth , Bruce Diane , Maslin Katie , MacDonald Bradley , Saundankar Jelena , Andrews David , Shipton Stephen , Yim Deane 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroduction:Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum is a rare congenital cardiac lesion with significant anatomical heterogeneity. Surgical planning of borderline cases remains challenging and is primarily based on echocardiography. The aim was to identify echocardiographic parameters that correlate with surgical outcome and to develop a discriminatory calculator.Methods:Retrospective review of all pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum cases at a statewide tertiary paediatric cardiac centre was performed between 2004 and 2020. Demographic, clinical, and echocardiographic data were collected. Logistic regression was used to develop a discriminatory tool for prediction of biventricular repair.Results:Forty patients were included. Overall mortality was 27.5% (n = 11) and confined to patients managed as univentricular (11 vs 0, p = 0.027). Patients who underwent univentricular palliation were more likely to have an associated coronary artery abnormality (17 vs 3, p = 0.001). Fifteen surviving patients (51.7%) achieved biventricular circulation while 14 (48.3%) required one-and-a-half or univentricular palliation. Nineteen patients (47.5%) underwent percutaneous pulmonary valve perforation. No patients without tricuspid regurgitation achieved biventricular repair. The combination of tricuspid valve/mitral valve annulus dimension ratio and right ventricle/left ventricle length ratio identified biventricular management with a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 96%. An online calculator has been made available.Conclusion:Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum is a challenging condition with significant early and interstage morbidity and mortality risk. Patient outcomes were comparable to internationally reported data. Right ventricle/left ventricle length and tricuspid valve/mitral valve annulus dimension ratios identified a biventricular pathway with a high level of sensitivity and specificity. Absent tricuspid regurgitation was associated with a univentricular outcome.
Removal of a circumferentially torn stuck balloon from a calcified right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit
Authors: Aziz Omeir Ali , Khan Mohammad Asim , Sadiq Masood 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe report a case of right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit angioplasty in which a valvuloplasty balloon ruptured circumferentially and was retained within the conduit. A high-pressure balloon was used to relieve the obstruction and free the ruptured balloon. The procedure was further complicated when the distal part of the balloon broke away from the proximal part during an attempt to retrieve it back into the femoral sheath. This report highlights the inappropriate use of a soft balloon in a calcified xenograft conduit, which led to a series of complications, and discusses potential strategies for managing these complications.
The prevalence of obesity in children with CHD: what has changed over the past decade in Southwestern Ontario?
Authors: Frewen Nathan , Sharma Ajaya , Subasri Mathushan , Miller Michael R. , Mansukhani Gitanjali , Filler Guido , Norozi Kambiz 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjective:To assess the prevalence of obesity and investigate any changes in body mass index in children with CHD compared to age-matched healthy controls, in Southwestern Ontario.Methods:The body mass index z-scores of 1259 children (aged 2–18) with CHD were compared with 2037 healthy controls. The body mass index z-scores of children who presented to our paediatric cardiology outpatient clinic from 2018 to 2021 were compared with previously collected data from 2008 to 2010. A longitudinal analysis of patients with data in both cohorts was also completed.Results:In total, 21.4% of patients with CHD and 26.6% of healthy controls were found to be overweight or obese (p < 0.001). The 2018–2021 cohort of CHD patients and controls had significantly higher body mass index z-scores compared to the 2008–2010 cohort (p < 0.001). Longitudinal analysis showed that body mass index z-scores significantly increased over time for CHD patients with data in both cohorts (2018–2021: M = 0.59, SD = 1.26; 2008–2010: M = −0.04, SD = 1.05; p < 0.001).Conclusion:The prevalence of obesity in all children, irrespective of CHD, is rising. The coexistence of obesity and CHD may pose additional cardiovascular risks and complications.
Mechanisms of exercise-related neurocardiogenic syncope and the relationship between resting and dynamic cardiac testing
Authors: Conant Bradley J. , Becker Kristian C. , Hill Garick D. , Hebson Camden L. , Anderson Jeffrey B. , Statile Christopher J. , Lang Sean M. , Schneider Kristin , Thomas Cameron , Willis Martha W. , Powell Adam W. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjective:Syncope is common among pediatric patients and is rarely pathologic. The mechanisms for symptoms during exercise are less well understood than the resting mechanisms. Additionally, inert gas rebreathing analysis, a non-invasive examination of haemodynamics including cardiac output, has not previously been studied in youth with neurocardiogenic syncope.Methods:This was a retrospective (2017–2023), single-center cohort study in pediatric patients ≤ 21 years with prior peri-exertional syncope evaluated with echocardiography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing with inert gas rebreathing analysis performed on the same day. Patients with and without symptoms during or immediately following exercise were noted.Results:Of the 101 patients (15.2 ± 2.3 years; 31% male), there were 22 patients with symptoms during exercise testing or recovery. Resting echocardiography stroke volume correlated with resting (r = 0.53, p < 0.0001) and peak stroke volume (r = 0.32, p = 0.009) by inert gas rebreathing and with peak oxygen pulse (r = 0.61, p < 0.0001). Patients with syncopal symptoms peri-exercise had lower left ventricular end-diastolic volume (Z-score –1.2 ± 1.3 vs. –0.36 ± 1.3, p = 0.01) and end-systolic volume (Z-score –1.0 ± 1.4 vs. −0.1 ± 1.1, p = 0.001) by echocardiography, lower percent predicted peak oxygen pulse during exercise (95.5 ± 14.0 vs. 104.6 ± 18.5%, p = 0.04), and slower post-exercise heart rate recovery (31.0 ± 12.7 vs. 37.8 ± 13.2 bpm, p = 0.03).Discussion:Among youth with a history of peri-exertional syncope, those who become syncopal with exercise testing have lower left ventricular volumes at rest, decreased peak oxygen pulse, and slower heart rate recovery after exercise than those who remain asymptomatic. Peak oxygen pulse and resting stroke volume on inert gas rebreathing are associated with stroke volume on echocardiogram.
Nourishing change in Houston, Texas: exploring grocery shopping behaviours and fruit and vegetable consumption among low-income families in the Brighter Bites program
Authors: Kwentua Victoria , Marshall Allison , Chuang Ru-Jye , Chen Jessica , Markham Christine , Mathur Mallika , Pomeroy Mike , Hall Megan , Sharma Shreela 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
We qualitatively examine the grocery shopping behaviours and fruit and vegetable consumption of low-income families participating in the Brighter Bites program in Houston, Texas.

Design:
We used a single-group observational study design. We used (1) purposive sampling of schools and (2) convenience sampling of parents/caregivers to recruit participants. Research staff conducted three face-to-face qualitative focus groups in Spanish and English. Transcripts were coded using deductive and inductive reasoning.

Setting:
Three elementary schools serving low-income families in Houston, Texas, in February-May of 2022.

Participants:
Brighter Bites parents/caregivers from the 2021–2022 school year.

Results:
Three primary themes emerged: (1) child involvement in grocery shopping – most parents/caregivers shop with their children. Children sometimes bring their own grocery lists, select their produce or help by counting produce; (2) the importance of balancing quality and affordability of fruits and vegetables purchased – both when selecting stores and choosing produce; (3) exposure to new varieties and higher quality of fruits and vegetables through Brighter Bites programming – parents/caregivers reported purchasing new fruits and vegetables as a result of participating in Brighter Bites.

Conclusion:
Findings can inform nutrition education programming and policies targeting fruit and vegetable consumption for low-income families. Child involvement may be a good target for nutrition-based behaviour change programs. Nutrition programs and policies should consider both produce affordability and quality. Exposure and opportunities to try new fruits and vegetables can lead to future purchases of new produce. Findings can also inform grocery stores’ efforts to understand low-income families’ purchasing habits, preferences and priorities.
Evaluating the implementation of online research training and mentorship among early-career family physicians in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Schouw Darcelle , Mash Robert , Ameh Pius , Fatusin Bolatito B. , Engmann Stephen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Research is needed to improve the performance of primary health care. In Africa, few family physicians conduct research, and therefore an online research training and mentorship programme was developed to build research capacity amongst novice and early career researchers.

Aim:
To evaluate the implementation of the AfriWon Research Collaborative (ARC) training and e-mentorship programme in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods:
A 10-module online curriculum was supported by peer and faculty e-mentorship, to mentor participants in writing a research protocol. A convergent mixed methods study combined quantitative and qualitative data to evaluate nine implementation outcomes.

Findings:
Fifty-three participants (20 mentees, 19 peer mentors, and 14 faculty mentors), mostly male (70%), participated in the ARC online programme. The programme was seen as an acceptable and appropriate initiative. Mentees were mostly postgraduate students from African countries. Faculty mentors were mostly experienced researchers from outside of Africa. There were issues with team selection, orientation, communication, and role clarification. Only 35% of the mentees completed the programme. Alignment of mentoring in teams and engagement with the online learning materials was an issue. Costs were relatively modest and dependent on donor funds.

Conclusion:
Despite many challenges, the majority of participants supported the sustainability of the programme. The evaluation highlights the strengths and weaknesses of the ARC programme and e-mentoring. The ARC working group needed to ensure better organization and leadership of the teams. Going forward the programme should focus more on developing peer mentors and local supervisory capacity as well as the mentees.
Human Health, Ecosystem Quality, and Resource Scarcity Burdens Inflicted by Livestock Production Across Chinese Regions
Authors: Shao Yixuan , Cao Qilin , Song Junnian , Xing Jiahao , Wu You , Sun Cheng , He Pan , Yang Wei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSurge in global population and shift toward animal‐based diets have accelerated expansion of livestock production, posing various environmental challenges. It requires inventorying localized, activity‐specific, and indicator‐extended multidimensional eco‐environmental burdens and revealing their transfers within interregional trade to inform holistic livestock production management from both production and consumption sides. Herein, we construct a life cycle framework covering multiple livestock species, feeding regimes, and activities to evaluate nine environmental impacts ending up as human health, ecosystem quality and resource scarcity burdens in Chinese provincial regions. Multi‐regional input‐output analysis is then conducted to trace transfers of these burdens embedded within trade associated with livestock production. Results indicate that fine particulate matter formation (mainly by livestock housing) and climate change (mainly by enteric fermentation) contribute greater than 60% and 30% to health burdens. Besides for health burdens, for ecosystem burdens primarily caused by housing, and resource burdens mainly aggravated by high on‐farm energy use, poultry results in the highest level. The main production regions Shandong, Henan and Sichuan lead from perspectives of both production and consumption‐based burdens. Whereas regions with the largest export (Inner Mongolia, 3.87 × 104 DALY for health burdens) or import (Guangdong, 3.92 × 104 DALY for health burdens) do not necessarily bear greatest burdens. This work provides policy instructions in mitigating various eco‐environmental burdens imposed by livestock production and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
Experimental Analyses of Pore‐Size Dependent Biomineralization in Porous Media Under Various Flow Rate and Bacterial Density Scenarios
Authors: Yang Ze , Dou Zhi , Guadagnini Alberto , Li Xiaoteng , Wang Chaoqi , Wang Jinguo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe document results of a set of laboratory experiments aimed at exploring impacts of injection rate and bacterial density on biomineralization across water‐saturated porous media. The study relies on a Low‐Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance technology and the ensuing transverse spin‐spin relaxation time distributions. The latter is documented to provide a robust quantification of temporal histories of pore size distributions during biomineralization. As such, our work explores and quantifies pore‐size dependent biomineralization across the three‐dimensional pore space. The study also provides a quantitative analysis of alterations in porosity and permeability induced by biomineralization, together with a quantification of (time‐averaged) rates of pore volume change. A plugging ratio efficiency index is introduced to quantify the strength of pore‐size‐related biomineralization. Our results reveal that biomineralization induces significant alterations in the pore size distribution within a porous medium, these changes being modulated by bacterial density and injection rate. We find that CaCO3 mainly precipitates in macropores, consistent with the presence of favorable local hydrodynamic conditions and large surface areas therein. Precipitated CaCO3 volume is found to increase with bacterial density. High bacterial densities amplify rate of pore volume change within macropores and adequate plugging ratio of biomineralization and contribute to a significant permeability reduction. Otherwise, a diminished strength of biomineralization in mesopores and micropores is documented for the highest injection rates considered.
Quantifying Dynamic Linkages Between Precipitation, Groundwater Recharge, and Streamflow Using Ensemble Rainfall‐Runoff Analysis
Authors: Gao Huibin , Ju Qin , Zhang Dawei , Wang Zhenlong , Hao Zhenchun , Kirchner James W. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnderstanding streamflow generation at the catchment scale requires quantifying how different components of the system are linked, and how they respond to meteorological forcing. Here we present a proof‐of‐concept study characterizing and quantifying dynamic linkages between precipitation, groundwater recharge, and streamflow using a data‐driven nonlinear deconvolution and demixing approach, Ensemble Rainfall‐Runoff Analysis (ERRA). Streamflow in our mesoscale, intensively farmed test catchment is flashy, but occurs at time lags that are too long to be plausibly attributed to overland flow. Instead, ERRA's estimates of the impulse responses of groundwater recharge to precipitation, and of streamflow to groundwater recharge, imply that this intermittent streamflow is primarily driven by precipitation infiltrating to recharge groundwater, followed by discharge of groundwater to streamflow. ERRA reveals that streamflow increases nonlinearly with increasing precipitation intensity or groundwater recharge, and exhibits almost no response to precipitation or recharge rates of less than 10 mm d−1. Groundwater recharge is both nonlinear, increasing more‐than‐proportionally with precipitation intensity, and nonstationary, increasing with antecedent wetness. Simulations with the infiltration model Hydrus‐1D can reproduce the observed water table time series reasonably well (NSE = 0.70). However, ERRA shows that the model's impulse response is inconsistent with the real‐world impulse response estimated from measured precipitation and groundwater recharge, illustrating that conventional goodness‐of‐fit statistics can be weak tests of model realism. Thus, our proof‐of‐concept study demonstrates how impulse responses estimated by ERRA can help clarify linkages between precipitation and streamflow at the catchment scale, quantify nonlinearity and nonstationarity in hydrologic processes, and critically evaluate simulation models.
Machine learning assisted plasmonic metascreen for enhanced broadband absorption in ultra-thin silicon films
Authors: Ahmed Waqas W. , Cao Haicheng , Xu Changqing , Farhat Mohamed , Amin Muhammad , Li Xiaohang , Zhang Xiangliang , Wu Ying 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe propose and demonstrate a data-driven plasmonic metascreen that efficiently absorbs incident light over a wide spectral range in an ultra-thin silicon film. By embedding a double-nanoring silver array within a 20 nm ultrathin amorphous silicon (a-Si) layer, we achieve a significant enhancement of light absorption. This enhancement arises from the interaction between the resonant cavity modes and localized plasmonic modes, requiring precise tuning of plasmon resonances to match the absorption region of the silicon active layer. To facilitate the device design and improve light absorption without increasing the thickness of the active layer, we develop a deep learning framework, which learns to map from the absorption spectra to the design space. This inverse design strategy helps to tune the absorption for selective spectral functionalities. Our optimized design surpasses the bare silicon planar device, exhibiting a remarkable enhancement of over 100%. Experimental validation confirms the broadband enhancement of light absorption in the proposed configuration. The proposed metascreen absorber holds great potential for light harvesting applications and may be leveraged to improve the light conversion efficiency of ultra-thin silicon solar cells, photodetectors, and optical filters.
Re-encountering the phobic cue within days after a reconsolidation intervention is crucial to observe a lasting fear reduction in spider phobia
Authors: Peters Jacqueline , Filmer Anna I. , van Doorn Johnny B. , Metselaar Vivian N. , Visser Renée M. , Kindt Merel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMemory reconsolidation interventions offer an exciting alternative to exposure treatment because they may target fear memories directly, thereby preventing relapse. A previous reconsolidation intervention for spider fear abruptly reduced avoidance behaviour, whereas changes in self-reported fear followed later. In this pre-registered placebo-controlled study, we first aimed to conceptually replicate these effects in spider phobia. Second, we investigated whether re-encountering the phobic cue after the reconsolidation intervention is necessary for changes in self-reported fear to occur. Third, we tested whether the window to trigger such changes is time limited. Individuals with spider phobia (N = 69) were randomized into three groups and underwent a memory reactivation procedure with a tarantula, followed immediately by propranolol (reconsolidation intervention) or placebo. One reconsolidation intervention group and the placebo group re-encountered spiders two days after treatment in behavioural approach tasks, whereas another reconsolidation intervention group re-encountered spiders after four weeks. Changes in spider avoidance behaviour and self-reported fear were followed for one year. In the short term, the reconsolidation intervention was not more effective than placebo: both conditions benefited from the intervention. In the long term, the reconsolidation intervention was more effective than placebo, but only when the phobic stimulus was re-encountered within days after treatment. Specifically, we found less tarantula avoidance behaviour and self-reported fear over the course of one year when spiders were re-encountered two days after the reconsolidation intervention, but not when the behavioural test was conducted four weeks after the intervention. These findings challenge the idea that a reconsolidation-inspired intervention alone is sufficient to treat clinical fears: Experiencing the behavioural change during the re-encounter within days after the reconsolidation window has closed seems crucial to observe a lasting fear reduction.