bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bicarbonate transporter SLC4A7 promotes EMT and metastasis of HNSCC by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Hu Junli , Li Guo , Liu Zhifeng , Ma Huiling , Yuan Wenhui , Lu Zhaoyi , Zhang Diekuo , Ling Hang , Zhang Fengyu , Liu Yong , Liu Chao , Qiu Yuanzheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Currently, therapeutic modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy are being used to treat HNSCC. However, the treatment outcomes of most patients are dismal because they are already in middle or advanced stage by the time of diagnosis and poorly responsive to treatments. It is therefore of great interest to clarify mechanisms that contribute to the metastasis of cells to identify possible targets for therapy. In this study, we identified the Na+‐coupled bicarbonate transporter, SLC4A7, play essential roles in the metastasis of HNSCC. Our results showed that the relative expression of SLC4A7 messenger RNA was highly expressed in HNSCCs samples from TCGA, and compared with precancerous cells of human oral mucosa (DOK), SLC4A7 was highly expressed in HNSCC cell lines. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that dysregulation of SLC4A7 had minor influence on the proliferation of HNSCC but impacted HNSCC's migration and invasion. Meanwhile, SLC4A7 could promote epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HNSCC. RNA‐seq, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and Western blot further revealed that downregulation of SLC4A7 in HNSCC cells inhibited the PI3K/AKT pathway. These findings were further validated via rescue experiments using a small molecule inhibitor of PI3K/mTOR (GDC‐0980). Our findings suggest that SLC4A7 promotes EMT and metastasis of HNSCC through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which may be a valuable predictive biomarker and potential therapeutic target in HNSCC.
The relationship between childhood leukaemia and childhood asthma: A pharmacoepidemiological study from the Netherlands
Authors: Atmaj Elias , Schuiling‐Veninga Catharina C. M. , van Tuinen Eline L. , Bos Jens H. J. , de Vries Tjalling W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt has been suggested that childhood asthma lowers the risk of childhood leukaemia. Studies have found an inverse association between these conditions. However, most studies on this relationship are based on questionnaires and telephone interviews, introducing recall bias. Therefore, we conducted a matched case–control study based on drug prescription data to assess the relationship between both conditions.MethodsIn a large database, covering more than one million individuals, we identified cases of children who had been prescribed 6‐mercaptopurine (6‐MP). This drug is used in the outpatient maintenance therapy of childhood leukaemia. We matched every child with leukaemia on sex and age (±6 months) to children without leukaemia (controls). The variable of having had asthma was defined as receiving at least two prescriptions for an inhaled corticosteroid within 12 months.ResultsWe identified 59 children aged 2–18 who had been prescribed 6‐MP (cases), and they were matched to 21,918 controls. Of the children with childhood leukaemia, three (5%) had childhood asthma, whereas in the control group 4889 (22%) had childhood asthma (odds ratio [OR] 0.19; 95% confidence interval 0.06–0.60).ConclusionIn this study on the relationship between childhood asthma and childhood leukaemia, we found a strong inverse association.
Perioperative risk factors of preterm delivery after fetoscopic laser photocoagulation for twin–twin transfusion syndrome
Authors: Yamamoto Rumiko , Yamada Takuma , Yamamoto Ryo , Wagata Maiko , Hayashi Shusaku , Ishii Keisuke 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify risk factors for preterm delivery (PTD) in patients who received fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) of placental anastomoses for twin–twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study prospectively analyzed and recorded perioperative data in a cohort of patients who had FLP for TTTS, identifying perioperative risk factors for PTD using a Cox proportional hazard regression model.ResultsOf 304 patients included, 26 (8.6%) delivered within 4 weeks of FLP. Independent predictors of delivery within 4 weeks of FLP were a history of PTD (hazard ratio [HR]: 5.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.21–28.82, p = 0.03), vaginal bleeding in the second trimester (HR: 6.62, 95% CI: 1.76–24.90, p < 0.01), and amnioreduction ≥1715 mL (HR: 3.16, 95% CI: 1.11–9.05, p < 0.03).ConclusionPatients with a history of PTD, preoperative vaginal bleeding, and amnioreduction ≥1715 mL were more likely to deliver prematurely.
Health inequalities and diabetes
Authors: Kilvert Anne , Fox Charles 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInequalities in health care exist in many countries in the world. In 2008 the then UK Secretary of State for Health commissioned the Marmot review, ‘Fair Society, Healthy Lives’, to propose strategies to address health inequalities in the UK. Most of Marmot's proposals were not acted upon and in 2020, 10 years after the initial recommendations were published, Marmot found that there had been no improvement and some things were worse.In diabetes care inequalities are widespread, impacting on prevention, treatment, access to technology, screening for complications, risk of complications, morbidity and mortality. Ethnicity is a major risk factor, starkly demonstrated by the increased COVID‐19 related mortality in people from minority ethnic groups with diabetes. Disadvantaged groups include, but are not limited to, those with social deprivation, intellectual and physical disabilities and severe mental illness.The decision to shelve the long‐awaited white paper on tackling health inequalities, taken recently by the last Secretary of State for Health amid protests from a coalition of medical organisations, makes it unlikely that the government will take the actions proposed by Marmot. In the absence of a national strategy, responsibility to recognise and address inequalities in diabetes care falls on health care professionals, in teams and as individuals. Copyright © 2023 John Wiley & Sons.
Pharmacokinetic parameters over time during sepsis and the association of target attainment and outcomes in critically ill children and young adults receiving ceftriaxone
Authors: Tang Girdwood Sonya , Tang Peter , Fenchel Matthew , Dong Min , Stoneman Erin , Jones Rhonda , Ostermeier Austin , Curry Calise , Forton Melissa , Hail Traci , Mullaney Randi , Diseroad Emily , Punt Nieko , Kaplan Jennifer , Vinks Alexander A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionEarly sepsis results in pharmacokinetic (PK) changes due to physiologic alterations. PK changes can lead to suboptimal drug target attainment, risking inadequate coverage from antibiotics like ceftriaxone. Little is known about how ceftriaxone PK and target attainment quantitatively change over time in patients with sepsis or the association between target attainment and outcomes in critically ill children and young adults.MethodsA retrospective analysis of a prospective study was conducted in a single‐center pediatric intensive care unit. Septic patients given at least one ceftriaxone dose (commonly as 50 mg/kg every 12 h) and who had blood obtained in both the first 48 h of therapy (early) and afterwards (late) were included. Normalized clearance and central volume were estimated and compared in both sepsis phases. We evaluated target attainment, defined as concentrations above 1× or 4× the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for 100% of dosing intervals, and investigated the association between target attainment and clinical outcomes.ResultsFifty‐five septic patients (median age: 7.5 years) were included. Normalized clearance and central volume were similar in both phases (6.18 ± 1.48 L/h/70 kg early vs. 6.10 ± 1.61 L/h/70 kg late, p = 0.60; 26.6 [IQR 22.3, 31.3] L/70 kg early vs. 24.5 [IQR 22.0, 29.4] L/70 kg late, p = 0.18). Individual percent differences in normalized clearance and central volume between sepsis phases ranged from −39% to 276% and −51% to 212% (reference, late sepsis), respectively. Fewer patients attained the 1× MIC target in late sepsis (82% late vs. 96% early, p = 0.013), which was associated with transition to once daily dosing, typically done due to transfer from the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) to a lower acuity unit. Failure to attain either target in late sepsis was associated with antibiotic broadening.ConclusionCeftriaxone PK parameters were similar between early and late sepsis, but there were large individual differences. Fewer patients attained MIC targets in late sepsis and all who did not attain the less stringent target received once daily dosing during this period. The failure to attain targets in late sepsis was associated with antibiotic broadening and could be an area for antibiotic stewardship intervention.
The global state of play: A study of the demographic characteristics of disability golfers
Authors: Guillaume Stanley , Bennett Tony , Allen Peter M. , Morrison Andrew , Hawkes Roger , Jayabalan Prakash 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundGolf is a moderate‐intensity physical activity that provides positive physical and mental health benefits. However, the inclusiveness of the sport for individuals with disabilities globally is unknown.ObjectiveTo characterize the demographics and disability characteristics of individuals engaging in disability golf globally. It was hypothesized that the majority of participants would be middle‐aged, male, and from countries with higher gross domestic product, similar to the nondisabled population.DesignDescriptive, cross‐sectional analysis using European Disability Golf Association (EDGA) database.SettingVarious international golf tournaments.ParticipantsGolfers (n = 1734) with disability from 44 countries registered with the EDGA (2017–2021).InterventionsNot applicable.Main OutcomesDescriptive analyses of frequencies, distributions, and means differences of demographic characteristics (age, gender, type of disability, level of handicap, golf cart use, and country of origin) of golfers with disability were performed. Data provided analysis of the association between number of participants and a country's gross domestic product (GDP).ResultsIndividuals had a mean age of 52.5 (±15.6) years: 1589 (91.6%) male and 145 (8.4%) female. Twenty‐three countries had female participation. The most commonly reported primary disability diagnoses were neurologic (24.8%), orthopedic (21.4%), and amputation below the knee (14.4%). Neurologic impairments (24.7%) were most common in men and orthopedic impairments (29.7%) were most common in women. Individuals with neurological impairments (27.4%) most frequently required golf carts to play. The GDP of a country had a positive correlation (r = 0.68) with the number of registered golfers with disability.ConclusionGolf is played by individuals with a variety of disabilities and provides numerous benefits. However, there is an underrepresentation of youth, women, and individuals with certain impairments and from lower‐income countries. These are the potential areas of opportunity to improve engagement and inclusiveness of golf.
Prehabilitation for spine surgery: A scoping review
Authors: Eubanks James E. , Carlesso Cristiane , Sundaram Meenakshi , Bejarano Geronimo , Smeets Rob J. E. M. , Skolasky Richard , Vanushkina Maria , Turner Rose , Schneider Michael J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe aimed to identify and describe the current interventions used in preoperative programs (“prehabilitation”) for spine surgery. Knowledge gaps in approaches, feasibility, timing, patient experience, clinical outcomes, and health care costs were explored while describing their potential benefits on physical and psychological outcomes. An electronic search was conducted from January 2004 to February 2022 in Ovid Medline, Embase, EBSCO CINAHL, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and PEDro to identify studies in English evaluating adults enrolled in prehabilitation before undergoing elective spine surgeries. Studies were uploaded into DistillerSR for systematic screening after removing duplicates. Four reviewers screened nested references for inclusion based on titles and abstracts, followed by their full‐text review. Two reviewers subsequently extracted data and summarized the results. The results were reported using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Studies were rated for quality using National Health and Medical Research Council criteria. Out of 18,879 potential studies, a total of 23 studies (0.12%) met the eligibility criteria and were included in this scoping review. The prehabilitation programs included general education (n = 6, 26%), exercise (n = 6, 26%), cognitive behavioral therapy (n = 3, 13%), pain neuroscience education (n = 3, 13%), health behavior counseling (n = 3, 13%), and mindfulness (n = 2, 9%). Additional studies are needed to identify optimal patient characteristics, intervention dosage, and whether multimodal approaches using a combination of physical and psychological strategies lead to more favorable outcomes. Although studies on prehabilitation for spine surgery are limited, they seem to demonstrate that prehabilitation programs are feasible, reduce medical expenditures, and improve patients' postoperative pain, disability, self‐efficacy, psychological behaviors, and satisfaction with surgical outcomes. The available literature suggests there is an opportunity to improve patient experience, clinical outcomes and reduce medical costs with the use of prehabilitation in spine surgery.
Overexpression of a beta‐1,6‐glucanase gene GluM in transgenic rice confers high resistance to rice blast, sheath blight and false smut
Authors: Shen Enlong , Wang Xingchao , Lu Zhaoxi , Zhou Fei , Ma Weihua , Cui Zhongli , Li Zhoukun , Li Changyan , Lin Yongjun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFrequent fungal diseases tend to lead to severe losses in rice production. As a main component of the fungal cell wall, glucan plays an important role in the growth and development of fungi. Glucanase can inhibit the growth of fungi by breaking glycosidic bonds, and may be a promising target for developing rice varieties with broad‐spectrum disease resistance.RESULTSWe transferred a codon‐optimized β‐1,6‐glucanase gene (GluM) from myxobacteria into the japonica rice variety Zhonghua11 (ZH11), and obtained a large number of individual transgenic plants with GluM overexpression. Based on molecular analysis, three single‐copy homozygous lines with GluM overexpression were selected for assessment of fungal disease resistance at the T3 generation. Compared with that of the recipient cultivar ZH11, the area of rice blast lesion in transgenic rice was reduced by 82.71%; that of sheath blight lesion was decreased by 35.76%–43.67%; the sheath blight resistance in the field was enhanced by an average of 0.75 grade over 3 years; and the incidence of diseased panicles due to rice false smut was decreased by 65.79%. More importantly, there was no obvious loss of yield (without a significant effect on agronomic traits). Furthermore, plants overexpressing a β‐1,6‐glucanase gene showed higher disease resistance than rice plants overexpressing a β‐1,3‐glucanase gene derived from tobacco.CONCLUSIONThe β‐1,6‐glucanase gene GluM can confer broad‐spectrum disease resistance to rice, providing an environmentally friendly alternative way to effectively manage fungal pathogens in rice production. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Combining visual cues and pheromone blends for monitoring and management of the tarnished plant bug Lygus lineolaris (Hemiptera: Miridae)
Authors: George Justin , Reddy Gadi V P , Little Nathan , Arnold Sarah E J , Hall David R 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe tarnished plant bug Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) is considered the most damaging pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in the mid‐southern United States. Previous studies have reported the role of different ratios of volatile metathoracic gland components such as hexyl butyrate, (E)‐2‐hexenyl butyrate and (E)‐4‐oxo‐2‐hexenal in eliciting low‐level attraction of L. lineolaris. In this study, we tested different visual cues (colored sticky cards) in combination with olfactory cues (pheromone blends) to optimize the attraction and capture of L. lineolaris in the field.RESULTSRed‐colored sticky cards were more attractive to L. lineolaris adults than white, blue or yellow cards. Red sticky cards combined with blends of three potential pheromone components attracted significantly more L. lineolaris adults than sticky cards without a blend added. Traps baited with a blend of hexyl butyrate, (E)‐2‐hexenyl butyrate and (E)‐4‐oxo‐2‐hexenal in 4:10:7 ratio, respectively, caught a significantly higher number of L. lineolaris than those baited with 10:4:2 or 7:10:4 blends or an unbaited control in the first week of the experiment.CONCLUSIONSCombining visual cues (red color) with olfactory cues (pheromone blends) significantly increased the capture of L. lineolaris in the field. This device or a future iteration could contribute towards sustainable and environmentally appropriate early‐season monitoring and management of L. lineolaris in the field. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Kaempferol has potential anti‐coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) targets based on bioinformatics analyses and pharmacological effects on endotoxin‐induced cytokine storm
Authors: Sun Yaoxiang , Tao Qing , Cao Yang , Yang Tingting , Zhang Ling , Luo Yifeng , Wang Lei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 has infected 272 million patients and caused 5.33 million deaths around the world, and it remains the main global threat. Previous studies revealed that Chinese traditional medicine is an effective treatment for COVID‐19 infection. This study aims to reveal the pharmacological effects of kaempferol, which is the active component of Radix Bupleuri and Tripterygii Radix, and potential mechanisms for the treatment of COVID‐19. Here, we employed the bioinformatics methods to filter the anti‐COVID‐19 candidate genes of kaempferol, which mainly enriched in inflammation (TNF, JUN, etc.) and virus infection (AKT1, JNK, etc.). The Transcription levels of AKT1, JNK and JUN were significantly reduced by kaempferol treatment in the LPS‐activated macrophages. In addition, kaempferol reduced the secretion of inflammatory factors by LPS‐stimulated macrophages, inhibited MAPK/NF‐κB signaling and regulated macrophage polarization to M2 type in vitro, and suppressed endotoxin‐induced cytokine storm and improved survival in mice. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that kaempferol was probable to bind the COVID‐19 protein 5R84 and formatted hydrogen bond with the residues, the free binding energy of which was lower than the original ligand. In summary, our current work indicates that kaempferol has anti‐COVID‐19 potential through the reduction of COVID‐19‐induced body dysfunction and molecule–protein interaction, and bioinformatics results clarify that some of these key target genes might serve as potential molecular markers for detecting COVID‐19.
Green tea extract ameliorates macrophage‐driven emphysematous lesions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease induced by cigarette smoke condensate
Authors: Kim Jin‐Hwa , Kim Jeong‐Won , Kim Chang‐Yeop , Jeong Ji‐Soo , Ko Je‐Won , Kim Tae‐Won 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important lung disease characterized by complicated symptoms including emphysema. We aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of green tea extract (GTE) on cigarette smoke condensate (CSC)‐induced emphysema by demonstrating the reduction of macrophage‐induced protease expression through GTE treatment in vivo and in vitro. Mice were intranasally administered 50 mg/kg CSC once a week for 4 weeks, and doses of 100 or 300 mg/kg GTE were administered orally once daily for 4 weeks. GTE significantly reduced macrophage counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and emphysematous lesions in lung tissues in CSC‐exposed mice. In addition, GTE suppressed CSC‐induced extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)/activator protein (AP)‐1 phosphorylation followed by matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)‐9 expression as revealed by western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and zymography in CSC‐instilled mice. These underlying mechanisms related to reduced protease expression were confirmed in NCI‐H292 cells stimulated by CSC. Taken together, GTE effectively inhibits macrophage‐driven emphysematous lesions induced by CSC treatment, and these protective effects of GTE are closely related to the ERK/AP‐1 signaling pathway, followed by a reduced protease/antiprotease imbalance. These results suggest that GTE can be used as a supplementary agent for the prevention of emphysema progression in COPD patients.
Multiphoton Resonance Band and Bloch–Siegert Shift in a Bichromatically Driven Qubit
Authors: Yan Yiying , Lü Zhiguo , Chen Lipeng , Zheng Hang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe resonance and dynamics of a qubit exposed to a strong aperiodic bichromatic field are studied by using a periodic counter‐rotating hybridized rotating wave (CHRW) Hamiltonian, which is derived from the original Hamiltonian with the unitary transformations under a reasonable approximation and enables the application of the Floquet theory. It is found that the consistency between the CHRW results and numerically exact generalized‐Floquet‐theory (GFT) results in the valid regime of the former while the widely used rotating‐wave approximation breaks down. It is illustrated that the resonance exhibits band structure and the Bloch–Siegert shifts induced by the counter‐rotating couplings of the bichromatic field become notable at the multiphoton resonance band. In addition, the CHRW method is found to have a great advantage of efficiency over the GFT approach particularly in the low beat‐frequency case where the latter converges very slowly. The present CHRW method provides a highly efficient way to calculate the resonance frequency incorporating the Bloch–Siegert shift and provides insights into the effects of the counter‐rotating couplings of the bichromatic field in the strong‐driving regimes.
Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema complicating a patient with a lung abscess
Authors: Chan Christopher , Ngai Jenny C. L. , Chan Ken K. P. , Ng Joyce K. C. , Hui David S. C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema are conditions that carry significant morbidity. They are uncommonly seen as complications of lung abscess formation and prompt recognition and treatment is necessary. We present a 59‐year‐old male patient who complained of shortness of breath and chest pain for 2 weeks. Computed tomography (CT) of the thorax showed a left lower lobe lung abscess. This was associated with leucocytosis and raised C‐reactive protein. Ultrasound‐guided drainage revealed viscous pus requiring manual aspiration for adequate drainage. The patient later developed extensive pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema involving the pretracheal space, without evidence of pneumothorax. Left lower lobectomy was performed to control sepsis. The patient achieved a complete recovery following his surgery and antibiotic treatment, with interval resolution of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. We present the radiological and clinical features leading to the diagnosis of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema.