bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic reconstructions and dynamic-evolutionary pathways on a model polar surface of ionic crystal
Authors: Zhou Hua , Wang Xiaodan , Xu Mingchun , Wang Yilin , Hu Shujun , Bai Lihui , Yan Shishen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Preparation of atomic reconstructions and tracking its dynamic-evolutionary pathways for some polar surfaces of ionic crystals are essential in surface science but remain a formidable challenge. Mainly by scanning tunneling microscopy, we investigate various reconstructions as well as their dynamic-evolutionary pathways on ZnO(0001) surface as a prototypical ionic crystal, which have been successfully prepared by introducing Ga surface segregation. We observe three complex pathways from an initial disorder to finally well-ordered surface with (2×8) reconstruction undergoing complicated atom desorption, missing and moving dynamic processes, one of which is “disorder → [disorder + (√3 × √3)R30°] → [(2 × 2)] → zigzag arrangement → [(2 × 8)]”. The atomic reconstructions are proposed to originate from the modification of empty states of dangling bonds of the surface by surface segregation. Our findings provide a general model for preparing plentifully atomic reconstructions and revealing dynamic-evolutionary pathways on complex polar surfaces of ionic crystals.
The impact of wound pH on the antibacterial properties of Medical Grade Honey when applied to bacteria present in foot and ankle post-surgical wounds
Authors: McArdle Carla D , Coyle Shirley , Santos Derek 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) are amongst the most troublesome complications following foot and ankle surgery (FAS) and have significant psychosocial and financial burden for both patients and the healthcare system. FAS has been reported to have higher than average post-surgical infections when compared to other orthopaedic subspecialties. Evidence also indicates that patients with diabetes and other co morbidities undergoing FAS are at a much greater risk of developing SSIs. Patients with SSIs face additional exposure to bacteria circulating in hospitals, which are always charged with microbial pathogens. With the growing challenges of antibiotic resistance and the increasingly high numbers of resilient bacteria to said antibiotics, the need for alternative antimicrobial therapies has become critical.Aim:The aim of this study was to investigate the use of medical grade honey (MGH) when altered to environments typically present in wounds (pH6-8).Methods:MGH (Activon) was altered to pH 6, 7 and 8 and experimental inoculums ofPseudomonas aeruginosa(NCTC10782),Escherichia coli, (NCTC10418),Staphylococcus aureus(NCTC10655) andStaphylococcus epidermidis(NCTC 5955) were transferred into each pH adjusted MGH and TSB solution and the positive and negative controls.Results:MGH adjusted to various pH values had the ability to reduce bacteria cell survival in all pH variations for all bacteria tested, with the most bacterial reduction/elimination noted forStaphylococcus epidermidis. No correlations were noted among the pH environments investigated and the colony counts, for which there were small amounts of bacteria survived.Conclusion:Thisin vitroresearch would indicate that the antibacterial properties of honey remains the same regardless of the pH environment. MGH could therefore potentially be considered for use on non-infected post-surgical wounds to reduce the bacterial bioburden, the risk of SSIs and ultimately to improve healing outcomes.
Steady-state characteristics of DFIM : the potentialities ofintegration in electrical traction systems
Authors: Zerzeri Mouna , Khedher Adel , Jallali Faïçal 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This article discusses doubly-fed induction machines integration possibilities in variable speed traction systems. The steady-state characteristics, performances and energy balance of a Doubly-Fed Induction Motor (DFIM) are studied and investigated. The novelty in our design lies in investigating the mechanical characteristics and the electrical performance of the DFIM based on the d - q model as a function of the magnitude, the phase angle and the slip related to the rotor voltage frequency. From this point of view, the main contributions of this study are: (i) a wide operating speed range, covering sub-synchronous and super-synchronous, (ii) a low ratio of rotor and stator voltage magnitudes and (iii) maximum torque and high-efficiency corresponding to the vehicle mechanical request. The paper presents detailed analysis and simulation results of some DFIM performances as a function of the voltage applied in its rotor windings. To show and approve the effectiveness and merits of the proposed DFIM in VSTS, a comparative study with induction motor is discussed, and experimental tests are provided through a DSP.
Node Position Estimation based on Optimal Clustering and Detection of Coverage Hole in Wireless Sensor Network using Hybrid Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Chowdhuri Rajib , Barma Mrinal Kanti Deb 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Sensor nodes, generally small and low- power gadgets, are the main units of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Each node detects the changes that occur in its surroundings and sends all detected events to the sink node for analysis. However, there may be areas that aren't within the sensing range of any node since the nodes are deployed randomly. Random deployment of these sensor nodes and sometimes node failure results in coverage holes in WSNs. Time complexity increases with the size of coverage hole. Still the computational complexity is very high with various distributed methods proposed in recent times for solving coverage hole detection problem. In this paper, optimal cluster-based node position estimation and coverage hole detection in WSN using hybrid deep learning approach is proposed. First, a modified Lyapunov optimization (MLO) algorithm is used to compute the position of sensor node and it ensures edge nodes in the network. Next, we design optimal clustering using Improved Sand Cat Swarm optimization (ISCSO) algorithm to formulate effective balanced clusters which calculates coverage hole area in the network. Lastly, we developed a hybrid deep reinforcement learning (Hyb- DRL) for detecting hole shape and to estimate the hole size within clusters, among clusters and along edges. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated using NS2 simulation tool, in which node density, node mobility, and sensing range of node are simulated.
Comparison of the tidal volume of the recruitment maneuver followed by PEEP for mechanically ventilated children
Authors: Goto Maho , Tsukamoto Masanori , Hitosugi Takashi , Matsuo Kazuya , Yokoyama Takeshi , Eto Michi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground Atelectasis occurs in most children during the induction of general anesthesia. In clinical practice, the recruitment maneuver (RM) followed by positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) to prevent atelectasis have beneficial effects. It has been shown to improve oxygenation and restore lung volume and may reduce the heterogeneity of the distribution of tidal volume (VT). However, the change in VT due to RM followed by PEEP in pediatric patients during the induction of general anesthesia is unknown. Therefore, we assessed the effects of RM followed by PEEP on VT, respiratory function, and hemodynamics in pediatric patients. Methods Pediatric patients (ASA-PS: 1-2; aged 3 months to 10 years) who underwent general anesthesia for elective dental or oral surgery were divided into three groups: infants (<1 year), preschool children (1-6 years), and school children (6 > years). Following tracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation of the lungs was initiated with controlled ventilation of 15 cmH2O and a PEEP of 4 cmH2O. The RM followed by PEEP was increased progressively in steps of 5 cmH2O every three breaths up to the target level of 35 cmH2O. VT, heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and SpO2were monitored before and after RM followed by PEEP. The differences in these parameters were analyzed statistically using a paired t-test. Results Sixty patients were included (20 in each group). VTbefore vs. after RM followed by PEEP were 61.8 ± 9.7 vs 80.1 ± 13.9 mL (p < 0.05) in the infant group, 135.8 ± 28.5 vs 164.0 ± 36.9 mL (p < 0.05) in the preschool children group, 217.7 ± 49.7 vs 246.9 ± 50.1 mL (p < 0.05) in the school children group, respectively. HR and BP before and after RM followed by PEEP increased by 2-3% and decreased by 4-7% in all groups. None of the patients had clinically respiratory (desaturation, barotrauma) or hemodynamic (hypotension) complications. Conclusion RM combined with 4 cmH2O of PEEP resulted in a significant increase in VT(12-18%; 19-29 mL) without respiratory or hemodynamic complications. Therefore, this RM method might improve the lung function in pediatric patients. Trial registration This prospective observational study was conducted after receiving approval from the Ethics Review Board of Kyushu University Hospital (Approval No.30-446).
A Study on Network Structure and Influence Characteristics of the Landscape Elements of Tang Poetr
Authors: Huang Zongsheng , Yao Nan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
To further figure out the overall characteristics of gardens in Tang poetry, taking Tang poetry as the research object, the network construction and influence of Tang poetry landscape elements were studied by using the network text analysis method. As a result, the landscape elements in Tang poetry are rich and diverse, and there is a strong network structure relationship between the landscape elements, which is characterized by strong stability, balance, and weak vulnerability; there is a strong correlation between landscape elements, among which landscape elements such as mountains, roads, and water have a strong centrality; the agglomeration subgroup of landscape elements indicates that there is a potential correlation between landscape elements, which is embodied in the description of a certain type of landscape. Based on that, the organic connection of various landscape elements cannot be ignored in landscape construction; the characteristics of gardens in the Tang Dynasty and the results obtained from the research of network texts are smiliar, which are embodied in the K-kernel analysis results of landscape elements of various garden types; the analysis of network texts is also used to study classical garden landscapes, and domestic and foreign literary works can be used as research objects. Meanwhile, the results of this research have important theoretical and practical significance for the systematic protection and creative transformation and utilization of literati garden theoretical heritage, and the construction of modern landscapes.
Satisfaction with urban trees associates with tree canopy cover and tree visibility around the home
Authors: Barona Camilo Ordóñez , Labib S.M. , Chung Lincoln , Conway Tenley 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Many world cities want to expand the number of urban trees. How this expansion occurs should consider what people expect from trees based on how they experience and perceive these trees. Therefore, we need a better understanding of how people’s perceptions of urban trees may relate to the abundance of urban trees. This research examined whether people’s satisfaction with urban trees and satisfaction with the management of those trees were related to objective measures of greenery such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), percent tree canopy cover, and the Viewshed Greenness Visibility Index (VGVI) for trees. We used a demographic and geographically representative survey of 223 residents in Toronto, Canada, and calculated NDVI, canopy cover, and VGVI at three neighborhood sizes. We analyzed the data using generalized linear regression. We found that canopy cover and VGVI had a strong positive association with satisfaction with urban trees. The associations were stronger at larger neighborhood scales. There were no statistically significant associations with NDVI or satisfaction with the management of urban trees.
Analysis of the predictive value of Caprini score after colorectal cancer surgery and development of a new risk assessment model: A single-centre prospective cohort study in China
Authors: Wei Qi , Meng Cong , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Haoyu , Liu Yishan , Wei Pengyu , Sun Liting , Yao Hongwei , Zhang Zhongtao , Wu Guocong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to assess the Caprini score in predicting venous thromboembolism (VTE) events and develop a risk assessment model to predict the occurrence of short-term VTE after colorectal cancer surgery. Methods: The study included 181 patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery at Beijing Friendship Hospital, from October 2020 to May 2022. The results of the Caprini score 24 h after surgery were recorded to evaluate its predictive value. Multifactorial staging was used to determine independent risk factors for VTE, and nomogram models were constructed based on these factors. Sixty-one patients at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital were used for external validation. Results: The incidence of VTE after colorectal cancer was 17.6% in 32 patients. Age (odds ratio [OR] 1.106, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.049–1.167, P < 0.001), sex (female) (OR 2.981, 95% CI 1.176–7.557, P = 0.021), and cardiovascular disease [CVD] (OR 5.611, 95% CI 2.043–15.413, P = 0.001) were independent risk factors for postoperative VTE. The nomogram model showed good predictive performance (area under the curve [AUC], 0.837 [95% CI, 0.762–0.917]; Nagelkerke R2, 0.347; Brier score, 0.106) compared with the Caprini score (AUC, 0.760 [95% CI, 0.674–0.847]; Nagelkerke R2, 0.104; Brier score, 0.131). The decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram model had a better net clinical benefit. Conclusions: The Caprini score is moderately efficient in predicting the occurrence of VTE after colorectal cancer surgery, and the 3-item nomogram model can be used as a predictive tool in VTE prevention decisions after colorectal cancer surgery.
The effect of simulation education based on flipped learning on academic engagement, motivation, and performance of first-year nursing students
Authors: Beiranvand Shourangiz , Foladvandi Masoumeh , Mokhayeri Yaser , Khodaei Safoura , Hasanvand Shirin , Hoseinabadi Reza 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Nursing educators need to be prepared to adopt innovative, evidence-based approaches to education to improve student learning outcomes and prepare the workforce- to better practice within complex health care systems. The present study aimed to determine the effect of simulation education based on flipped learning on performance, motivation in learning, and academic engagement of first-year undergraduate nursing students.
Methods: This study was conducted with a quasi-experimental design. Forty first-year undergraduate nursing students registered for the spring semester were selected by whole enumeration sampling. For the intervention group (n=22), the fundamental nursing skills course was taught to them using simulation education based on flipped learning. The control group (n=18) was taught in the same class using simulation-based education. Outcomes, including performance, learning motivation, and academic engagement, were measured using the nursing skills observation checklists, the Instructional Materials Motivation Scale, and the academic engagement questionnaire at the middle and end of the semester. Data were analyzed using mean, paired t-test, and ANCOVA analysis with Stata-17 software.
Result: There was no significant difference between the mean score performance and the total mean score of subscales of learning motivation and academic engagement in the middle and end of the semester in the two groups. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed no significant difference between the two groups in performance (P>0.05), learning motivation (P>0.05), and academic involvement (P>0.05).
Conclusion: It is recommended to use this method as well as traditional approaches, particularly to teach psychomotor skills to senior students who have higher self-regulation skills. There is still a need for further research using this approach to teach psychomotor skills, practical lessons and various outcomes.
Land Use and Land Cover Change (LULC) Dynamics for Sustainable Land Resources Development: A Geospatial Study of Raiganj Sub-Division, West Bengal (India)
Authors: SARKAR BAPI 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Earth's natural resources are under constant pressure to keep up with demand from a growing population. A high food and energy production rate is needed to feed the growing population. Increased infrastructure development, more inhabited regions, and economic development are required to offer adequate civic facilities for a high quality of life. Using land resources effectively to meet the rising demand is necessary because they are limited. In order to understand the changing dynamics of land use/land cover (LU/LC), research and monitoring are needed. Geoinformation technologies such as remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are helpful. Using Landsat TM & OLI 30m resolution satellite imagery and image processing techniques were used to determine changes in land cover during the study period of 1991 and 2021. The changes were identified using QGIS 3.28, Arc GIS 10.8, and ERDAS IMAGINE 2014 software. In the classification, five land cover categories were used (agricultural, built-up area, waterbody, forest, and area not available for cultivation). The images classification, and the accuracy assessment were tested using the kappa coefficient. The results showed that overall accuracy in the Sub-Division was 87% and 89% and kappa coefficient of 0.83 and 0.86 for the years 1991 and 2021, respectively. Two satellite images were used to quantitatively analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of land use and land cover, classifying them using a supervised classification method and then using post-classification change detection. The positive change was shown in the agricultural area +22.92 and built-up area +3.5 from 1991 to 2021. On the other hand, negative change to fell waterbody-3.05%, forest-1.26%, and area not available for cultivation-22.12%. This information has been utilized to create a plan for the region's sustainable land resources development.
The combination of conventional EVD and Ommaya drainage for intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)
Authors: Zhu Tongming , Fu Junyan , Zang Di , Wu Xuehai , Hu Jin , Zhang Jun , Ye Xiangru 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: The effect of Ommaya reservoirs on the clinical outcomes of patients with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) remains unclear.
Objective: To determine the effect of combining the Ommaya reservoir and external ventricular drainage (EVD) therapy on IVH and to explore better clinical indicators for Ommaya implantation.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with IVH who received EVD-Ommaya drainage between January 2013 and March 2021. The patient population was divided into two groups: the Ommaya-used group, comprising of patients in whom the Ommaya drainage system was activated post-surgery, and the Ommaya-unused group, comprising of patients in whom the system was not activated. The study analyzed clinical, imaging, and outcome data of the patient population.
Results: A total of 123 patients with IVH were included: 75 patients in the Ommaya-used group and 48 patients in the Ommaya-unused group. The patients in the Ommaya-used group showed a lower 3-month GOS than those in the Ommaya-unused group (p<0.0001). The modified Graeb scale (mGS) in the Ommaya-unused group was significantly lower than that in the Ommaya-used group before the operation (p<0.01) but not after surgery (p>0.05). The GCS in the Ommaya-unused group was significantly lower than the other group, and there was a close correlation between the GCS and 3-month GOS (p<0.0001). The GCS score showed significance in predicting the use of Ommaya (p<0.001).
Conclusions: The study demonstrated that combining EVD and Ommaya drainage was an effective treatment for IVH. Additionally, preoperative GCS was found to predict the use of Ommaya drainage in subsequent treatment, providing valuable information for pre-surgery decision-making.
Efficient Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solution Using a New Biosorbent Derived from Enset (Ensete Ventricosum)
Authors: Gebeyehu Belete Tewabe , Tasew Temesgen Alehegne , Kabtamu Daniel Manaye 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, kocho powder, a possible low-cost biosorbent for the efficient removal of MB dye from wastewater is prepared from pseudostem and corm of Enset (Ensete ventricosum). Characteristics of kocho powder were examined by using SEM, TGA, XRD and FTIR to study the surface morphology, functional group and other physico-chemical properties of this newly developed biosorbent. Biosorption experiments were carried out in batch mode to investigate the effects of dosage (0.025–0.2g), pH (2–10), initial concentration of MB (10 to 100 mg/L) and contact time (10 to 120 min).The highest removal efficiency of methylene blue dye (94.2%) was recorded at optimum experimental conditions of biosorbent dosage 0.1g, MB concentration 50 mgL− 1, pH 8, contact time 50min and agitation rate of 200rpm at room. Following the removal study, it was determined that the pseudo-second order kinetics (R2 = 0.997) and Langmuir isothermal (R2 = 0.996) models may well describe the MB dye biosorption process. Furthermore, this newly developed biosorbent was fairly recyclable up to five cycles without significant loss of re-adsorption efficiency (around 9.6% loss) between 1st and 5th cycle. Thus, the findings of this study revealed that a new kocho biomass derived from Ensete Ventricosum can be used as a promising low-cost, environmentally friendly, and efficient biosorbent for the rapid removal of MB from aqueous solutions.
Case Study: The Application of metagenomics as a diagnostic tool for microbiologically influenced corrosion in an Egyptian oilfield
Authors: Kobisy Atef S. , Nassar Hussein N. , Tawfik Salah M. , Elshatoury Einas H. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is a major problem in the petroleum industry. Culture-based techniques such as most probable number (MPN) and isolation only reveal a very small data of the microorganisms present. By application of metagenomic analysis, the microbial community present in the sample has been identified, which helps in understanding what microorganisms are doing and even what they are capable of doing, by identifying their genomic and thus metabolic potential. For this reason, formation water samples were collected from an oil field production tank located in the North Bahrya Petroleum Company (NORPETCO) Egypt. The results revealed that the formation water sample has a high degree of microbial variation, where the phylum Proteobacteria was most dominant with 60% of total reads in the phylum level, and it was also overwhelmingly dominated by the family Desulfovibrionaceae and it was found to be about (53%) of total reads.
Childhood asthma, fur allergy, and consumption of antibiotics in adolescence
Authors: Gjessing Kristian , Ludvigsson Johnny , Faresjö Tomas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Antibiotics are supposed to be used against infections, not otherwise. Asthma or allergy symptoms may be confused with infections, and treated as such. Broad-spectrum antibiotics should be used only when necessary according to relevant guidelines.
Purpose: To analyse if children with asthma or allergies received more antibiotic prescriptions than other children, and suggest mechanisms why.
Methods: Population-based study from Sweden on children 5-14 years old based on questionnaires, medical records and merged pharmaceutical data from National registries, compared to national guidelines.
Results:Parent-reported infections and fur allergy at age 5 was associated with more antibiotic prescriptions in later childhood. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were rarely used.