bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Turana drone system
Authors: Schaetzel S. S. 
Published: March 2023

While the development of the Turana drone forms a short and well defined programme, such programme would not have been possible without the preceding Australian activity on drones and guided weapons.It might be appropriate to outline briefly this activity, since the approach to various problems of Turana and the solution of certain difficulties depended on the experience gained with the Jindivik, Malkara and Ikara.
The changing shape of air transport in the 1970s
Authors: Thomson Adam 
Published: March 2023

The title of this paper may suggest that it sets out to bring the report of the Edwards Committee up-to-date. That would be an interesting and challenging task; but although some aspects of the Committee's conclusions will be considered in the light of more recent experience, I have no intention of attempting to perform, in the course of an evening, something which a number of well-qualified men, ably served by an experienced secretariat, required 18 months to complete. Nevertheless, because air transport is a dynamic industry in which change is commonplace, even the work of the Edwards Committee has to some extent been overtaken by events. Its principal recommendations have been implemented, wholly or in part, and in turn, this has set the scene for further change so far as British civil aviation is concerned. Despite this apparent emphasis on change, the industry needs stability. Sometimes stability is confused with stagnation—so let me make it clear that what is required is stability accompanied by sufficient flexibility not only to reflect change but to influence change when this is necessary.In many ways the scene for the 1970s was set by the events of the previous decade. If there were time it might be interesting to consider some of the more important factors which have influenced the past decade, but the Edwards Committee itself examined much of the evidence of the 1960s in reaching its conclusions.
Setting up a downtown heliport
Authors: Landi Philip J. 
Published: March 2023

The experience of the New York/New Jersey metropolitan area in the setting up of the “downtown” heliport will give some notion of the obstacles one encounters, and how the interested agency may surmount those obstacles—which it is possible to do when all goes well.If someone were to introduce a certain gracious lady as ”… that well-known Queen of England, Elizabeth II …” he would expect to meet with a slightly incredulous stare. We agree that it is a bit superfluous to say that the lady is well-known. Some propositions are so inherently true that it is better to say less rather than more, to make a point. I hope I have not gone excessively round-about to express my diffidence in setting out to prove the obvious, that the helicopter has a place in the modern, urban transport system. Equally obvious should be the fact that the down-town heliport is a natural and essential link in such a system. The proposition may require demonstration. It hardly needs proof.
World Developments and Activities in Agricultural Aviation
Authors: Maan W. J. 
Published: March 2023

When I accepted the invitation, to speak at this meeting on “Some Outstanding Developments and Activities” it was presumed that in preparing this paper, it would be possible for me to make a selective use of information presented at our IVth International Agricultural Aviation Congress held in August 1969 in Canada. Unfortunately this is not possible. Therefore, I am unable to pass on to you a comprehensive summary of the interesting technical details of various congress papers. So, I have to take the risk, when addressing you, of spoiling my reputation.These reservations being made, I would like to give you some facts regarding the IVth International Agricultural Aviation Congress of August 1969. The registered participation was 259 (35% of this number from the host country). It was therefore sufficiently international, although the participation from Asia and Africa was very small indeed.
Ground-to-Air Launch Weapons
Authors: Dunn S. C. 
Published: March 2023

Operational research is an attitude of mind and a collection of techniques. Although the people who make up the engineering strength of a guided weapons firm find that attitude of mind congenial and commonly approach their problems predisposed to use the techniques, it is uncommon to encounter an OR group in any great strength.This is perhaps because the grouping of people by techniques in such firms is more natural when those techniques bear a direct relation to the firm's products. Despite the fact that a substantial body of practitioners is not to be found in close association, practices which are recognisable as OR are to be found throughout the course of a project.
Correlation of Total Lift Data for Thin, Sharp-Edged, Low-Aspect-Ratio Delta Wings at Low Speeds
Authors: Alexander A. J. 
Published: March 2023

The amount of research carried out in the field of highly swept wings has reached massive proportions. No attempt is made to review the literature on this subject but it seems that despite all efforts, no method yet exists for calculating the lift of delta wings in subsonic flow where the trailing-edge condition makes true conical flow impossible. A recent paper by Nangia and Hancock, has attempted this very difficult problem but the method proposed is not yet suitable for general application. Greater success has been obtained in supersonic flow,see for example ref.2.Various formulae have been obtained for the lift coefficient of delta wings in conical flow and the lift can be divided into two parts; the linear part where the flow is fully attached in the region of zero incidence and the nonlinear part where extra lift is obtained from the leading edge vortices. One typical formula is derived from a relatively simple theory by Edwards.
The Future of Aeronautics—Dreams and Realities
Authors: Allen John E. 
Published: March 2023

From balloons to supersonic flight; from elementary theory to man powered flight; from Jules Verne to a foreseeable landing on the moon, all this in a hundred years. It would take a bold and powerful imagination to make an accurate forecast of the developments and achievements of the next hundred years.HRH THE DUKE OF EDINBURGH, KG, HonFRAeSForeword to the RAeS Centenary JournalJanuary 1966The first part of this title is the name of the Royal Aeronautical Society's own book with which I was concerned, as an exercise in long term studies, stimulated by the Centenary Year. The second part was added especially for the lecture as it seemed a concise way of relating long term speculations with some practical restraints which have to be circumvented too, if aeronautics is to progress.
Comparative effectiveness of evidence-based psychotherapies for PTSD delivered in VA residential PTSD treatment
Authors: Sippel Lauren M. , Gross Georgina M. , Spiller Tobias R. , Duek Or , Smith Noelle , Hoff Rani , Harpaz-Rotem Ilan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) and Prolonged Exposure (PE) are first-line treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There have been few direct comparisons of CPT and PE intended to determine their comparative effectiveness, none of which have examined outcomes among military veterans receiving these treatments in a residential setting such as the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) residential rehabilitation treatment programs (RRTPs). Such work is essential given that these veterans are among the most complex and severely symptomatic patients with PTSD treated in VA. In this study we compared changes in PTSD and depressive symptoms across admission, discharge, four months and 12 months following discharge among veterans who received CPT or PE within VA RRTPs.MethodsUsing linear mixed models conducted on program evaluation data derived from the electronic medical record and follow-up surveys, we compared self-reported PTSD and depressive symptom outcomes among 1130 veterans with PTSD who were treated with individual CPT (n = 832, 73.5%) or PE (n = 297, 26.5%) in VA PTSD RRTPs in fiscal years 2018–2020.ResultsPTSD and depressive symptom severity did not significantly differ at any time points. The CPT and PE groups both showed large-sized reductions in PTSD (CPT d = 1.41, PE d = 1.51) and depression (CPT d = 1.01, PE d = 1.09) from baseline to 12-month follow-up.ConclusionsOutcomes for PE and CPT do not differ among a highly complex population of veterans with severe PTSD and several comorbid conditions that can make it difficult to engage in treatment.
Language proficiency modulates listeners’ selective attention to a talker’s mouth: A conceptual replication of Birulés et al. (2020)
Authors: Grüter Theres , Kim Jieun , Nishizawa Hitoshi , Wang Jue , Alzahrani Raed , Chang Yu-Tzu , Nguyen Hoan , Nuesser Michaela , Ohba Akari , Roos Sachiko , Yusa Mayuko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study presents a conceptual replication of Birulés et al.’s (2020, Experiment 2) investigation of native and nonnative listeners’ selective attention to a talker’s mouth with the goal of better understanding the potentially modulating role of proficiency in listeners’ reliance on audiovisual speech cues. Listeners’ eye gaze was recorded while watching two short videos. Findings from one of the videos replicated results from the original study, showing greater attention to the talker’s mouth among L2 than L1 listeners. In both videos, L2 proficiency modulated attention, with more fixations on the mouth among lower proficiency listeners, an effect predicted but not observed in the original study. Collectively, these laboratory-based findings highlight the role of visual speech cues in L2 listening and present evidence that listeners with more limited proficiency may be especially reliant on such cues. These observations warrant future investigations of the benefits of visual speech cues in instructional and assessment contexts.
Qualitative assessment of nurse satisfaction in the paediatric cardiac ICU
Authors: Stark Julie E. , Steanson Kim , Cooperstein Emily R. , Harper Robert E. , Smith M. Lynne 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe objective of this qualitative assessment, utilising the constant comparative method, was to identify satisfiers and dissatisfiers that influence paediatric cardiac ICU nurse retention and recognise areas for improvement. Interviews for this study were performed in a single, large academic children’s hospital from March of 2020 through July of 2020. Each bedside paediatric cardiac ICU nurse underwent a single semi-structured interview. Among 12 interviews, four satisfiers were identified: paediatric cardiac ICU patient population, paediatric cardiac ICU care team, personal accomplishment, and respect. Four dissatisfiers were identified: moral distress, fear, poor team dynamics, and disrespect. Through this process of inquiry, grounded theory was developed regarding strategies to improve paediatric cardiac ICU nurse retention. Tactics outlined here should be used to support retention in the unique environment of the paediatric cardiac ICU.
From Research-Based Learning to Research Output: Lessons from an Undergraduate Course in Germany
Authors: Farag Mahmoud 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTResearch-based learning adopts a “learning-by-doing” approach toward teaching research. This article documents the experience of publishing a coauthored article with undergraduate students that grew out of a research-based–learning course at Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany. In particular, I reflect on the opportunities and challenges of engaging undergraduate students in research. The article demonstrates that research-based–learning courses must maintain a balance between the research process and research output. Too much focus on output overlooks students’ need to gain substantive knowledge, and the exclusive emphasis on the research process might reduce their motivation. Generally, students appreciate the autonomy and horizontality of relationships in research-based learning. Furthermore, the article shows that the knowledge and skills gained by students through research-based–learning courses facilitate their engagement in follow-up research projects, thereby paving the way for publishing research.
Short‐Term Effects of Carbon Monoxide on Morbidity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Comorbidities in Beijing
Authors: Li Zhiwei , Lu Feng , Liu Mengmeng , Guo Moning , Tao Lixin , Wang Tianqi , Liu Mengyang , Guo Xiuhua , Liu Xiangtong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe association between CO and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been widely reported; however, the association among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or hypertension has remained largely unknown in China. Over‐dispersed generalized additive model was adopted to quantity the associations between CO and COPD with T2DM or hypertension. Based on principal diagnosis, COPD cases were identified according to the International Classification of Diseases (J44), and a history of T2DM and hypertension was coded as E12 and I10‐15, O10‐15, P29, respectively. A total of 459,258 COPD cases were recorded from 2014 to 2019. Each interquartile range uptick in CO at lag 03 corresponded to 0.21% (95%CI: 0.08%–0.34%), 0.39% (95%CI: 0.13%–0.65%), 0.29% (95%CI: 0.13%–0.45%) and 0.27% (95%CI: 0.12%–0.43%) increment in admissions for COPD, COPD with T2DM, COPD with hypertension and COPD with both T2DM and hypertension, respectively. The effects of CO on COPD with T2DM (Z = 0.77, P = 0.444), COPD with hypertension (Z = 0.19, P = 0.234) and COPD with T2DM and hypertension (Z = 0.61, P = 0.543) were insignificantly higher than that on COPD. Stratification analysis showed that females were more vulnerable than males except for T2DM group (COPD: Z = 3.49, P < 0.001; COPD with T2DM: Z = 0.176, P = 0.079; COPD with hypertension: Z = 2.48, P = 0.013; COPD with both T2DM and hypertension: Z = 2.44, P = 0.014); No statistically significant difference could be found between age groups (COPD: Z = 1.63, P = 0.104; COPD with T2DM: Z = 0.23, P = 0.821; COPD with hypertension: Z = 0.53, P = 0.595; COPD with both T2DM and hypertension: Z = 0.71, P = 0.476); Higher effects appeared in cold seasons than warm seasons on COPD (Z = 0.320, P < 0.001). This study demonstrated an increased risk of COPD with comorbidities related to CO exposure in Beijing. We further provided important information on lag patterns, susceptible subgroups, and sensitive seasons, as well as the characteristics of the exposure‐response curves.
Assembly of the Variscan Orogenic Wedge in the Bohemian Massif: Monazite U‐Pb Geochronology of the Tectonic Events Recorded in Saxothuringian Metasediments
Authors: Jouvent Marine , Peřestý Vít , Jeřábek Petr , Lexa Ondrej , Kylander‐Clark Andrew R. C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe geochronology of metasediments incorporated to orogenic wedges provides an important key in understanding the early evolution of collisional systems. This study reveals the timing of Variscan processes in the Saxothuringian orogenic wedge, reflecting transition from oceanic to continental subduction and collision. In situ monazite U‐Pb geochronology and Rare Earth Elements (REE) geochemistry were performed in the Erzgebirge Crystalline Complex on phyllites and micaschists surrounding the ultra‐high‐pressure (UHP) core of the Erzgebirge dome. The resulting ages and REE patterns were linked to the individual tectonometamorphic events and revealed that the hanging‐wall phyllites experienced prograde metamorphism around ∼350 Ma, followed by exhumation at ∼345–340 Ma. The oldest age (∼339 Ma) recorded in garnet cores in the foot‐wall micaschists is considered as an upper age limit for their prograde metamorphism, while matrix monazite ages of ∼330 Ma reflect a significant resetting of the monazite age system. Spatial distribution of metamorphic isograds and ages indicates a phase of accretion of continental material resulting in an inverted metamorphic field gradient in the wedge between ∼360 and ∼340 Ma. This phase was followed by exhumation of a significant portion of buoyant subducted continental material leading to massive ductile thinning of the wedge around ∼335 Ma. Finally, a late Variscan intracontinental deformation was responsible for heterogeneous reactivation and final exhumation of the wedge at ∼330 Ma. It is newly shown that the Saxothuringian wedge can be divided into a younger inner part, formed by micaschists and UHP rocks, and an older outer part, formed by phyllites.
Magnetosheath Jet Formation Influenced by Parameters in Solar Wind Structures
Authors: Koller Florian , Plaschke Ferdinand , Temmer Manuela , Preisser Luis , Roberts Owen W. , Vörös Zoltan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMagnetosheath jets are dynamic pressure enhancements observed in the terrestrial magnetosheath. Their generation mechanisms are currently debated but the majority of jets can be linked to foreshock processes. Recent results showed that jets are less numerous when coronal mass ejections (CMEs) cross the magnetosheath and more numerous when stream interaction regions (SIRs) cross it. Here, we show for the first time how the pronounced substructures of CMEs and SIRs are related to jet production. We distinguish between compression and magnetic ejecta (ME) regions for the CME as well as compression region associated with the stream interface and high‐speed streams (HSSs) for the SIR. Based on THEMIS and OMNI data covering 2008–2021, we show the 2D probability distribution of jet occurrence using the cone angle and Alfvén Mach number. We compare this distribution with the values within each solar wind (SW) structure. We find that both high cone angles and low Alfvén Mach numbers within CME‐MEs are unfavorable for jet production as they may inhibit a well‐defined foreshock region. 1D histograms of all parameters show, which SW parameters govern jet occurrence in each SW structure. In terms of the considered parameters the most favorable conditions for jet generation are found for HSSs due to their associated low cone angles, low densities, and low magnetic field strengths.
An Empirical Relationship Between Coronal Density and Solar Wind Velocity in the Middle Corona With Applications to Space Weather
Authors: Bunting Kaine A. , Morgan Huw 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAccurate predictions of ambient solar wind conditions are a central component of space weather forecasting. A recent advancement is to use the distribution of electron density at a heliocentric distance of 8 R⊙, gained by applying coronal rotational tomography to coronagraph data, as an inner boundary condition for the time‐dependent Heliospheric Upwind eXtrapolation solar wind model. This approach requires conversion of densities into solar wind velocity at the inner boundary. Based on comparison of the distribution of in situ measurements of density and velocities, this work finds a scaled exponential equation relating the density and outflow velocity at 8 R⊙, with three key parameters found as a function of time between years 2007–2021. Based on this relationship, comparison of modeled and in situ measurements of velocities at Earth, STEREO A and STEREO B over the past solar cycle give a mean absolute error of 61.2, 69.0, and 66.1 km s−1 respectively. An analysis of thousands of events (defined as solar wind streams above 450 km s−1) gives an accuracy score of 76%. This agreement validates the density‐velocity relationship, and shows that an inner boundary based on coronagraph observations is a robust complement, or alternative, to commonly‐used magnetic model constraints for solar wind modeling and forecasting.
Iontophoresis-driven microneedle patch for the active transdermal delivery of vaccine macromolecules
Authors: Zheng Ying , Ye Rui , Gong Xia , Yang Jingbo , Liu Bin , Xu Yunsheng , Nie Gang , Xie Xi , Jiang Lelun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCOVID-19 has seriously threatened public health, and transdermal vaccination is an effective way to prevent pathogen infection. Microneedles (MNs) can damage the stratum corneum to allow passive diffusion of vaccine macromolecules, but the delivery efficiency is low, while iontophoresis can actively promote transdermal delivery but fails to transport vaccine macromolecules due to the barrier of the stratum corneum. Herein, we developed a wearable iontophoresis-driven MN patch and its iontophoresis-driven device for active and efficient transdermal vaccine macromolecule delivery. Polyacrylamide/chitosan hydrogels with good biocompatibility, excellent conductivity, high elasticity, and a large loading capacity were prepared as the key component for vaccine storage and active iontophoresis. The transdermal vaccine delivery strategy of the iontophoresis-driven MN patch is “press and poke, iontophoresis-driven delivery, and immune response”. We demonstrated that the synergistic effect of MN puncture and iontophoresis significantly promoted transdermal vaccine delivery efficiency. In vitro experiments showed that the amount of ovalbumin delivered transdermally using the iontophoresis-driven MN patch could be controlled by the iontophoresis current. In vivo immunization studies in BALB/c mice demonstrated that transdermal inoculation of ovalbumin using an iontophoresis-driven MN patch induced an effective immune response that was even stronger than that of traditional intramuscular injection. Moreover, there was little concern about the biosafety of the iontophoresis-driven MN patch. This delivery system has a low cost, is user-friendly, and displays active delivery, showing great potential for vaccine self-administration at home.
Human development and reproduction in space—a European perspective
Authors: Jain Varsha , Chuva de Sousa Lopes Susana M. , Benotmane Mohammed A. , Verratti Vittore , Mitchell Rod T. , Stukenborg Jan-Bernd 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis review summarises key aspects of the first reproductive and developmental systems Science Community White Paper, supported by the European Space Agency (ESA). Current knowledge regarding human development and reproduction in space is mapped to the roadmap. It acknowledges that sex and gender have implications on all physiological systems, however, gender identity falls outside the scope of the document included in the white paper collection supported by ESA. The ESA SciSpacE white papers on human developmental and reproductive functions in space aim to reflect on the implications of space travel on the male and female reproductive systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) reproductive hormone axis, and considerations for conception, gestation and birth. Finally, parallels are drawn as to how this may impact society as a whole on Earth.