bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting metformin therapy for the mitigation of diabetic foot ulcer in patients with diabetic kidney disease from real‐world evidence
Authors: Kwon Soie , Ha Jeong Hyun , Kim Dong Ki , Kim Yon Su , Lim Chun Soo , Chang Hak , Lee Jung Pyo , Park Ji‐Ung 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcer and diabetic kidney disease are diabetes‐related chronic vascular complications that strongly correlate with high morbidity and mortality. Although metformin potentially confers a wound‐healing advantage, no well‐established clinical evidence supports the benefit of metformin for diabetic foot ulcer. Thus, this study investigated the effect of metformin on diabetic foot ulcer from a large diabetic kidney disease cohort for the first time. This retrospective cohort study enrolled 10 832 patients who visited the nephrology department more than twice at two South Korean tertiary‐referral centers between 2001 and 2016. The primary outcome was diabetic foot ulcer events; secondary outcomes included hospitalization, amputation, a composite of amputation or vascular intervention, and Wagner Grade ≥ 3. Multivariate Cox analysis and propensity score matching (PSM) were used to balance baseline intergroup differences between metformin users and non‐users. In total, 4748 patients were metformin users, and 6084 patients were metformin non‐users. Over a follow‐up period of 117.5 ± 66.9 months, the diabetic foot ulcer incidence was 5.2%. After PSM, metformin users showed a lower incidence of diabetic foot ulcer events than metformin non‐users (adjusted hazard ratio 0.41; p < 0.001). In a sensitivity analysis of 563 patients with diabetic foot ulcer, metformin usage was associated with lower severity in all four secondary outcomes: hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio 0.33; p < 0.001); amputation (adjusted hazard ratio 0.44; p = 0.001); composite of amputation or vascular intervention (adjusted hazard ratio 0.47; p < 0.001); and Wagner Grade ≥ 3 (adjusted hazard ratio 0.39; p < 0.001). In conclusion, metformin therapy in patients with diabetic kidney disease can lower diabetic foot ulcer incidence and progression.
Effects of negative pressure wound therapy on surgical site wound infections after cardiac surgery: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Tao Yixi , Zhang Yusui , Liu Yang , Tang Songjiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe conducted a comprehensive analysis to evaluate the benefits of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) versus traditional dressings in preventing surgical site infections in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. We thoroughly examined several databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) and Wanfang, from inception until July 2023. Two independent researchers were responsible for the literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment; analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 software. Thirteen studies comprising 8495 patients were deemed relevant. A total of 2685 patients were treated with NPWT, whereas 5810 received conventional dressings. The findings revealed that NPWT was more effective in reducing surgical site infections after cardiac surgery than conventional dressings (4.88% vs. 5.87%, odds ratio [OR]: 0.50, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 0.40–0.63, p < 0.001). Additionally, NPWT was more effective in reducing deep wound infections (1.48% vs. 4.15%, OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.23–0.56, p < 0.001) and resulted in shorter hospital stays (SMD: ‐0.33, 95% CIs: −0.54 to −0.13, p = 0.001). However, the rate of superficial wound infections was not significantly affected by the method of wound care (3.72% vs. 5.51%, OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.32–1.23, p = 0.180). In conclusion, NPWT was shown to be advantageous in preventing postoperative infections and reducing hospital stay durations in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Nonetheless, given the limitations in the number and quality of the included studies, further research is recommended to validate these findings.
Inclusions and exclusions in treeline definitions
Authors: Malanson George P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKörner and Hoch's (2023) definition of “treeline” to include only forest edges that are arctic or alpine, globally distributed and thermally limited is reconsidered for the alpine, with attention to the alpine treeline ecotone. They characterize the alpine treeline and the ecotone as a single phenomenon at a single fundamental niche limit, with all other montane forest edges at realized niche limits. The framework restricts treeline and the treeline ecotone to narrow but interesting ecophysiological questions but leaves other fundamentally limited edges, those in disequilibrium with a changed temperature regime, and the extensive zone of krummholz and tree‐species seedlings now often referred to as the treeline ecotone, without terminology. Recognizing other fundamental niche limited edges as treelines, if not alpine, and defining “alpine treeline” as a zone or line within the broader “alpine treeline ecotone”, are proposed to promote synergies in research in these related systems.
Adaptive behaviour deficits in individuals with 3q29 deletion syndrome
Authors: Pollak R. M. , Burrell T. L. , Cubells J. F. , Klaiman C. , Murphy M. M. , Saulnier C. A. , Walker E. F. , White S. P. , Mulle J. G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground3q29 deletion syndrome (3q29del) is associated with a significantly increased risk for neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric phenotypes. Mild to moderate intellectual disability (ID) is common in this population, and previous work by our team identified substantial deficits in adaptive behaviour. However, the full profile of adaptive function in 3q29del has not been described nor has it been compared with other genomic syndromes associated with elevated risk for neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric phenotypes.MethodsIndividuals with 3q29del (n = 32, 62.5% male) were evaluated using the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales, Third Edition, Comprehensive Parent/Caregiver Form (Vineland‐3). We explored the relationship between adaptive behaviour and cognitive function, executive function, and neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric comorbidities in our 3q29del study sample, and we compared subjects with 3q29del with published data on fragile X syndrome, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and 16p11.2 deletion and duplication syndromes.ResultsIndividuals with 3q29del had global deficits in adaptive behaviour that were not driven by specific weaknesses in any given domain. Individual neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric diagnoses had a small effect on adaptive behaviour, and the cumulative number of comorbid diagnoses was significantly negatively associated with Vineland‐3 performance. Both cognitive ability and executive function were significantly associated with adaptive behaviour, and executive function was a better predictor of Vineland‐3 performance than cognitive ability. Finally, the severity of adaptive behaviour deficits in 3q29del was distinct from previously published data on comparable genomic disorders.ConclusionsIndividuals with 3q29del have significant deficits in adaptive behaviour, affecting all domains assessed by the Vineland‐3. Executive function is a better predictor of adaptive behaviour than cognitive ability in this population and suggests that interventions targeting executive function may be an effective therapeutic strategy.
Transposition, not translation: Recuperating attentionality on Pantelleria, Sicily
Authors: La Mattina Nicco A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article examines how elderly rural Sicilians recall the meanings of words rendered obsolete by infrastructural, technological, and economic changes that occurred in their lifetime. I examine conversations from my 2016 and 2019 fieldwork on Pantelleria, Sicily, characterized by what I term recuperated attentionality, speaking from erstwhile attentional circumstances. To unpack the meanings of words, elderly islanders employ transposition, contextualizing their attentional guidance from a moment of reference anchored in the remembered past, orienting to an obsolete way of being in the world. Socio‐biographical discontinuity means that acquaintance and familiarity with the denotata of these words is asymmetrical, once accessed by participating in island life, issuing and responding to directives, attending to tasks, and so on, but now accessed principally by memory. I examine conversational discourse in which transposition is used to unpack word meanings, which clashes with elicitation norms that request translational equivalents for words.
Adolescents' experiences with ambiguity in postdivorce stepfamilies
Authors: Fang Christian , Zartler Ulrike 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveInvestigating what contributes to perceptions of ambiguity in stepfamily relationships among adolescents, and which strategies adolescents use to deal with ambiguity.BackgroundRelational losses or acquisitions marked by ambiguity (i.e., ambiguous losses and gains) are taxing as they often evade resolution. The frequent assumption that family relationships in postdivorce stepfamilies are per se ambiguous has only received limited empirical foundation. Little is known about how adolescents experience ambiguity, how and why ambiguity emerges, and what strategies adolescents develop to deal with ambiguity.MethodSemi‐structured interviews with 30 Dutch adolescents (aged 16–20) living in diverse postdivorce stepfamilies were conducted. The data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding.ResultsRelationships with stepparents, stepsiblings, and biological parents were especially likely to be experienced as ambiguous. Two key categories of reasons emerged that helped to explain the emergence of ambiguity: information (i.e., incomplete or contradictory knowledge about family relationships), and relationality (i.e., the ways in which family relationships were assessed and compared to each other). Results point towards potential chains of ambiguity in stepfamilies, and show that respondents compared their relations with constructed archetypes of stepparents. Respondents used three strategies to deal with ambiguity: (a) improving relationships, (b) accepting ambiguity, and (c) creating distance.ConclusionAmbiguity was common in postdivorce stepfamilies, yet mostly confined to relationships between adolescents and stepparents, stepsiblings, and biological parents. This suggests that, in stepfamilies, ambiguous gain might occur more frequently than ambiguous loss. The negative feelings associated with ambiguity might explain why many adolescents perceive living in stepfamilies as burdensome.
The current state of spinal cord functional magnetic resonance imaging and its application in clinical research
Authors: Haynes Grace , Muhammad Fauziyya , Khan Ali F. , Mohammadi Esmaeil , Smith Zachary A. , Ding Lei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSince its development, spinal cord functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has utilized various methodologies and stimulation protocols to develop a deeper understanding of a healthy human spinal cord that lays a foundation for its use in clinical research and practice. In this review, we conducted a comprehensive literature search on spinal cord fMRI studies and summarized the recent advancements and resulting scientific achievements of spinal cord fMRI in the following three aspects: the current state of spinal cord fMRI methodologies and stimulation protocols, knowledge about the healthy spinal cord's functions obtained via spinal cord fMRI, and fMRI's exemplary usage in spinal cord diseases and injuries. We conclude with a discussion that, while technical challenges exist, novel fMRI technologies for and new knowledge about the healthy human spinal cord have been established. Empowered by these developments, investigations of pathological and injury states within the spinal cord have become the next important direction of spinal cord fMRI. Recent clinical investigations into spinal cord pathologies, for example, fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and cervical spondylotic myelopathy, have already provided deep insights into spinal cord impairments and the time course of impairment‐caused changes. We expect that future spinal cord fMRI advancement and research development will further enhance our understanding of various spinal cord diseases and provide the foundation for evaluating existing and developing new treatment plans.
Exploring the safe environment provided by nurses in inpatient psychiatric wards: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Maddineshat Maryam , Khodaveisi Masoud , Kamyari Naser , Razavi Mohammadreza , Pourmoradi Farnaz , Sadeghian Efat 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrevious research has indicated that community‐based mental health services in Iran are restricted, leading to overcrowding in psychiatric wards. This overcrowding has been linked to a range of problems, such as violence, suicide and medical errors. Despite the abundance of research on patient safety, there is still a lack of understanding regarding how mental health nurses (MHNs) create a secure environment within these wards.AimThis study focused on exploring a safe environment provided by MHNs in inpatient psychiatric wards at Farshchian (Sina) Hospital, Hamadan, Iran.MethodAn explanatory mixed‐methods study was conducted. Initially, the Safe Environment Scale was distributed to all MHNs (n = 48) working in three wards at Farshchian (Sina) Hospital to evaluate the current status. The scale measured two dimensions, and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the collected data. Subsequently, 20 MHNs were selected for semi‐structured interviews using purposeful sampling at the same hospital to interpret and fill gaps in the quantitative findings. The data collected from the interviews were analysed using conventional content analysis.ResultsThe perception and engagement of MHNs in creating a safe environment in the inpatient psychiatric wards were found to be at a medium level, according to the Safe Environment Scale (mean ± SD, 14.67 ± 4.18 and 85.27 ± 17.57, respectively). The qualitative study identified several categories in the results, including ‘Hyper‐vigilance to safety and security environment’, ‘Therapeutic communication gap’, ‘Nurse burnout’, ‘Staff safety and security need’ and ‘Environmental safety hazards’.DiscussionMHNs employ a hyper‐vigilant strategy to guarantee a secure atmosphere within psychiatric wards. However, this approach may inadvertently impede the establishment of a safe environment and even diminish MHNs' perception and involvement in its maintenance.Implications for mental health nursingAccording to our research, it appears that MHNs need to improve their education and training in order to successfully implement the vigilance strategy for establishing a secure environment. Additionally, it is essential for them to prioritize therapeutic communication with patients, as this plays a vital role in promoting a safe environment within inpatient psychiatric wards.
Evaluation of the relationship between ionized and total calcium concentrations in blood during the first week of lactation in dairy cows
Authors: Cohrs Imke , Wächter Sophia , Golbeck Lennart , Grünberg Walter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiagnosis of subclinical hypocalcemia in cattle is based on concentration of total Ca ([TCa]) in serum or plasma below the reference range, with [TCa] serving as proxy for the concentration of ionized Ca ([iCa]).Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo investigate the relation between [iCa] and [TCa] in periparturient cows over time, and its association with various metabolites.AnimalsThirty periparturient dairy cows.MethodsProspective observational study. Blood from periparturient cows was obtained between 4 days before and 7 days after calving. Samples underwent blood gas analysis and blood biochemical analysis. The ratio of [iCa] : [TCa] was computed. Repeated measures linear regression analyses, spearman correlation‐, Deming regression‐ and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted.ResultsCorrelations between [iCa] and [TCa] ranged from r = 0.55 to r = 0.84. The diagnostic value of [TCa] to identify cows with [iCa] below the arbitrary cut‐off of 1.1 mmol/L was weak in particular during the first 24 hours of lactation, but continuously improved toward the end of the study with areas under the ROC curve increasing from 0.64 at d 0 to 0.93 at d +4 after calving. Strongest association with [iCa] : [TCa] were found for albumin (r2 = 0.58, P < .0001), pCO2 (r2 = 0.45, P = .0003), the standard [HCO3] (r2 = 0.22, P = .01), lactate (r2 = 0.16, P = .04) and [NEFA] (r2 = 0.15, P = .05).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceThe [TCa] is of limited value to identify cows with subnormal [iCa] in the first hours and days of lactation, a finding apparently attributable to the increased variation of a number of metabolic variables that affect the ratio of [iCa] : [TCa].
Safety, tolerability and biological responses of Oreochromis niloticus juveniles upon oral oxolinic acid administration
Authors: Abraham Thangapalam Jawahar , Patel Jaykumar Bhagubhai , Bardhan Avishek , Rajisha Ravindran , Panda Satyen Kumar , Patil Prasanna Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn aquaculture, oxolinic acid (OA) is used as a second‐line treatment at 12 mg/kg biomass/day for seven consecutive days. The present study evaluated the biosafety of 21 days of dietary administration of OA at 0, 12, 36, 60 and 120 mg by assessing the growth, biochemical, erythrocytic morphological and histopathological alterations and residue levels in Oreochromis niloticus. A significant dose‐dependent reduction in feed intake and biomass and an increase in mortalities and erythrocytic cellular and nuclear changes were recorded. Significant elevations in plasma glucose, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase and a decline in calcium and chloride levels were documented. The kidney, liver and intestine histoarchitecture showed mild to marked alterations. The edible tissue OA residues peaked on day 21 and decreased upon cessation of administration in all the dosing groups. The residue levels in the muscle of the recommended dose group were well within the maximum residue limit set by the European Medicines Evaluation Agency. Although the current study hinted at the safety and tolerability of OA even during long‐term usage in O. niloticus in Indian conditions, care must be exercised for its aquacultural application because of its listing as a critically important medicine for humans.
Memory distrust and suggestibility: A registered report
Authors: Dudek Iwona , Polczyk Romuald 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThe study aimed to explore how memory distrust impacts two kinds of suggestibility: misinformation effect (Experiment 1) and interrogative suggestibility (Experiment 2). We verified whether recognizing discrepancies between personal memories and externally suggested information, along with certain individual differences, moderates the memory distrust‐suggestibility link.MethodsExperiment 1 (N = 306) followed a classic three‐step procedure with a discrepancy awareness test. In Experiment 2 (N = 316) a computerized version of the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale with a discrepancy awareness test was utilized. Both experiments manipulated the state of memory distrust and assessed participants' trait memory distrust, compliance, anxiety and self‐esteem.ResultsWhile the effect of memory deterioration due to misinformation and suggestions was replicated, the hypotheses regarding the relationship between memory distrust and suggestibility were not confirmed. However, for interrogative suggestibility, individuals induced to doubt their own memory were more susceptible to suggestions when recognizing inconsistencies between the story and suggestive questions.ConclusionsFrom the theoretical side, the concept of memory distrust appears to be useful to explain the reasons for succumbing to suggestions. However, our findings indicate that memory distrust toward committing omission errors and the experimentally induced state appear unrelated (misinformation effect paradigm) or marginally related (memory distrust state and interrogative suggestibility) to the tendency to yield to suggestions. This prompts further research using a different operationalisation of this construct.
Uncovering the genetic architecture of parallel evolution
Authors: James Maddie E. , Allsopp Robin N. , Groh Jeffrey S. , Kaur Avneet , Wilkinson Melanie J. , Ortiz‐Barrientos Daniel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIdentifying the genetic architecture underlying adaptive traits is exceptionally challenging in natural populations. This is because associations between traits not only mask the targets of selection but also create correlated patterns of genomic divergence that hinder our ability to isolate causal genetic effects. Here, we examine the repeated evolution of components of the auxin pathway that have contributed to the replicated loss of gravitropism (i.e. the ability of a plant to bend in response to gravity) in multiple populations of the Senecio lautus species complex in Australia. We use a powerful approach which combines parallel population genomics with association mapping in a Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter‐Cross (MAGIC) population to break down genetic and trait correlations to reveal how adaptive traits evolve during replicated evolution. We sequenced auxin and shoot gravitropism‐related gene regions in 80 individuals from six natural populations (three parallel divergence events) and 133 individuals from a MAGIC population derived from two of the recently diverged natural populations. We show that artificial tail selection on gravitropism in the MAGIC population recreates patterns of parallel divergence in the auxin pathway in the natural populations. We reveal a set of 55 auxin gene regions that have evolved repeatedly during the evolution of the species, of which 50 are directly associated with gravitropism divergence in the MAGIC population. Our work creates a strong link between patterns of genomic divergence and trait variation contributing to replicated evolution by natural selection, paving the way to understand the origin and maintenance of adaptations in natural populations.
Differences in the suitability of published honey bee (Apis mellifera) reference genes between the African subspecies Apis mellifera scutellata and European derived Apis mellifera
Authors: Buttstedt Anja , Pirk Christian W. W. , Yusuf Abdullahi A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractQuantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is a method widely used to determine changes and differences in gene expression. As target gene expression is most often quantified relative to the expression of reference genes, the validation of suitable reference genes is of critical importance. In practice, however, such validation might not be thoroughly conducted if the same species and the same tissue or body parts are used for qPCR experiments. Here we show, that qPCR reference genes published for workers of European honey bee (Apis mellifera) subspecies fail to be stably expressed in workers of the African subspecies Apis mellifera scutellata. This is the case even when the sampled workers are in the same life stage, the same organ was dissected and the same reagents were used. Thus, reference genes need to be thoroughly re‐tested before they can be used as suitable references even when the only thing that changes is the subspecies used.