bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Within, Between, Beyond—A Multi-dimensional Approach to the Study of Professionalism and Social Change
Authors: Bellini Andrea , Maestripieri Lara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver the last fifty years, professions have been subject to a radical transformation triggered by large-scale processes of change such as the post-industrial transition, globalisation, and digitalisation. In this changing context, knowledge has become a strategic factor in production, and those who have control over it now play an increasingly important role. Accordingly, the number of people that define themselves as “professionals” has grown at a steady pace. However, they have undergone processes of differentiation that have led to increasing heterogeneity. This introductory chapter addresses the above issues by introducing an analytical framework that identifies three dimensions along which this differentiation may be developed—within, between, and beyond (WBB)—also referred to as the WBB model. Each dimension focuses on a specific set of phenomena either occurring inside a profession, across professional groups, or regarding professionals’ relationship with society at large. Combined, the three dimensions provide a detailed picture of the changes that are taking place worldwide in the field of professions. After defining the fundamental concepts used and highlighting the impact of the above processes of change on professionalism, the chapter gives operative definitions of the three dimensions and then provides an outline of the chapters collected in the book.
Determinants in self-dual $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM and twistor space
Authors: Caron-Huot Simon , Coronado Frank , Mühlmann Beatrix 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We consider correlation functions of supersymmetrized determinant operators in self-dual super Yang-Mills (SYM). These provide a generating function for correlators of arbitrary single-trace half-BPS operators, including, for appropriate Grassmann components, the so-called loop integrand of the non-self-dual theory. We introduce a novel twistor space representation for determinant operators which makes contact with the recently studied m = 2 amplituhedron. By using matrix duality we rewrite the n-point determinant correlator as a n × n matrix integral where the gauge group rank Nc is turned into a coupling. The correlators are rational functions whose denominators, in the planar limit, contain only ten-dimensional distances. Using this formulation, we verify a recent conjecture regarding the ten-dimensional symmetry of the components with maximal Grassmann degree and we obtain new formulas for correlators of Grassmann degree four.
The Veneziano amplitude in AdS5×S3 from an 8-dimensional effective action
Authors: Glew R. , Santagata M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study four-point functions of arbitrary half-BPS operators in a 4-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFT with flavour group SO(8) at genus-zero and strong ’t Hooft coupling, corresponding — via AdS/CFT — to the (α′ expansion of the) Veneziano amplitude on an AdS5×S3 background. We adapt a procedure first proposed by Abl, Heslop and Lipstein in the context of AdS5×S5, and postulate the existence of an effective action in terms of an 8-dimensional scalar field valued in the adjoint of the flavour group. The various Kaluza-Klein correlators can then be computed by uplifting the standard AdS/CFT prescription to the full product geometry with AdS bulk-to-boundary propagators and Witten diagrams replaced by suitable AdS5×S3 versions. After elucidating the main features of the procedure, valid at all orders in α′, we show explicit results up to order α′5. The results provide further evidence of a novel relation between AdS×S and flat amplitudes — which made its first appearance in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM — that is perhaps the most natural extension of the well known flat-space limit proposed by Penedones to cases where AdS and S have the same radius.
Multipoint lightcone bootstrap from differential equations
Authors: Kaviraj Apratim , Mann Jeremy A. , Quintavalle Lorenzo , Schomerus Volker 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
One of the most striking successes of the lightcone bootstrap has been the perturbative computation of the anomalous dimensions and OPE coefficients of double-twist operators with large spin. It is expected that similar results for multiple-twist families can be obtained by extending the lightcone bootstrap to multipoint correlators. However, very little was known about multipoint lightcone blocks until now, in particular for OPE channels of comb topology. Here, we develop a systematic theory of lightcone blocks for arbitrary OPE channels based on the analysis of Casimir and vertex differential equations. Most of the novel technology is developed in the context of five- and six-point functions. Equipped with new expressions for lightcone blocks, we analyze crossing symmetry equations and compute OPE coefficients involving two double-twist operators that were not known before. In particular, for the first time, we are able to resolve a discrete dependence on tensor structures at large spin. The computation of anomalous dimensions for triple-twist families from six-point crossing equations will be addressed in a sequel to this work.
Study of gapped phases of 4d gauge theories using temporal gauging of the ℤN 1-form symmetry
Authors: Nguyen Mendel , Tanizaki Yuya , Ünsal Mithat 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To study gapped phases of 4d gauge theories, we introduce the temporal gauging of ℤN 1-form symmetry in 4d quantum field theories (QFTs), thereby defining effective 3d QFTs with $$ \overset{\sim }{\mathbb{Z}} $$

ℤ
~

N × ℤN 1-form symmetry. In this way, spatial fundamental Wilson and ’t Hooft loops are simultaneously genuine line operators. Assuming a mass gap and Lorentz invariant vacuum of the 4d QFT, the $$ \overset{\sim }{\mathbb{Z}} $$

ℤ
~

N × ℤN symmetry must be spontaneously broken to an order-N subgroup H, and we can classify the 4d gapped phases by specifying H. This establishes the 1-to-1 correspondence between the two classification schemes for gapped phases of 4d gauge theories: one is the conventional Wilson-’t Hooft classification, and the other is the modern classification using the spontaneous breaking of 4d 1-form symmetry enriched with symmetry-protected topological states.
Global Regular Axially-Symmetric Solutions to the Navier–Stokes Equations with Small Swirl
Authors: Nowakowski Bernard , Zajaczkowski Wojciech M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAxially symmetric solutions to the Navier–Stokes equations in a bounded cylinder are considered. On the boundary the normal component of the velocity and the angular components of the velocity and vorticity are assumed to vanish. If the norm of the initial swirl is sufficiently small, then the regularity of axially symmetric, weak solutions is shown. The key tool is a new estimate for the stream function in certain weighted Sobolev spaces.
Strong unique continuation and global regularity estimates for nanoplates
Authors: Morassi Antonino , Rosset Edi , Sincich Eva , Vessella Sergio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze some properties of a sixth-order elliptic operator arising in the framework of the strain gradient linear elasticity theory for nanoplates in flexural deformation. We first rigorously deduce the weak formulation of the underlying Neumann problem as well as its well posedness. Under some suitable smoothness assumptions on the coefficients and on the geometry, we derive interior and boundary regularity estimates for the solution of the Neumann problem. Finally, for the case of isotropic materials, we obtain new Strong Unique Continuation results in the interior, in the form of doubling inequality and three spheres inequality by a Carleman estimates approach.
The dangerous link between coal dust exposure and DNA damage: unraveling the role of some of the chemical agents and oxidative stress
Authors: Miranda-Guevara Alvaro , Muñoz-Acevedo Amner , Fiorillo-Moreno Ornella , Acosta-Hoyos Antonio , Pacheco-Londoño Leonardo , Quintana-Sosa Milton , De Moya Yurina , Dias Johnny , de Souza Guilherme Soares , Martinez-Lopez Wilner , Garcia Ana Letícia Hilário , da Silva Juliana , Borges Malu Siqueira , Henriques João Antonio Pêgas , León-Mejía Grethel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExposure to coal mining dust poses a substantial health hazard to individuals due to the complex mixture of components released during the extraction process. This study aimed to assess the oxidative potential of residual coal mining dust on human lymphocyte DNA and telomeres and to perform a chemical characterization of coal dust and urine samples. The study included 150 individuals exposed to coal dust for over ten years, along with 120 control individuals. The results revealed significantly higher levels of DNA damage in the exposed group, as indicated by the standard comet assay, and oxidative damage, as determined by the FPG-modified comet assay. Moreover, the exposed individuals exhibited significantly shorter telomeres compared to the control group, and a significant correlation was found between telomere length and oxidative DNA damage. Using the PIXE method on urine samples, significantly higher concentrations of sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), chlorine (Cl), potassium (K), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and bromine (Br) were observed in the exposed group compared to the control group. Furthermore, men showed shorter telomeres, greater DNA damage, and higher concentrations of nickel (Ni), calcium (Ca), and chromium (Cr) compared to exposed women. Additionally, the study characterized the particles released into the environment through GC–MS analysis, identifying several compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as fluoranthene, naphthalene, anthracene, 7H-benzo[c]fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, and some alkyl derivatives. These findings underscore the significant health risks associated with exposure to coal mining dust, emphasizing the importance of further research and the implementation of regulatory measures to safeguard the health of individuals in affected populations.
Graphic abstract
ELABELA/APJ Axis Prevents Diabetic Glomerular Endothelial Injury by Regulating AMPK/NLRP3 Pathway
Authors: Chen Zhida , Wang Zhe , Hu Yepeng , Lin Huangbo , Yin Li , Kong Jing , Zhang Yikai , Hu Bibi , Li Tiekun , Zheng Xianan , Yang Qiongying , Ye Shu , Wang Shengyao , Zhou Qiao , Zheng Chao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractELABELA (ELA), a recently discovered peptide, is highly expressed in adult kidneys and the endothelium system. It has been identified as a novel endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APJ). This study aims to investigate the role of ELA in diabetic glomerular endothelial pyroptosis and its underlying mechanism. Initially, a significant decrease in ELA mRNA levels was observed in the renal cortex of db/db mice and high glucose–treated glomerular endothelial cells (GECs). It was also found that ELA deficiency in ELA+/− mice significantly accelerated diabetic glomerular injury, as shown by exacerbated glomerular morphological damage, increased serum creatine and blood urea nitrogen, and elevated 24-h urinary albumin excretion. In addition, in vivo overexpression of ELA prevented diabetic glomerular injury, reduced von Willebrand factor expression, restored endothelial marker CD31 expression, and attenuated the production of adhesive molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Furthermore, in vitro studies confirmed that treatment with ELA inhibited GEC injury by regulating the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, as indicated by blocking NLRP3 inflammasome formation, decreasing cleaved Caspase-1 production, and inhibiting interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 production. Moreover, in vitro experiments demonstrated that the protective effects of ELA in GECs during hyperglycemia were diminished by inhibiting adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase (AMPK) using Compound C or by APJ deficiency. Taken together, this study provides the first evidence that ELA treatment could prevent diabetic glomerular endothelial injury, which is partly mediated by the regulation of the AMPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Therefore, pharmacologically targeting ELA may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic kidney disease.
An Arabidopsis Pentatricopeptide Repeat Is a Moonlighting Protein with Cross-talking In Vitro Adenylyl Cyclase and Kinase Activities
Authors: Dikobe Tshegofatso , Sehlabane Katlego , Bobo Enetia , Sibanda-Makuvise Angela , Chatukuta Patience , Kawadza David , Ruzvidzo Oziniel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDownstream signalling involving adenylyl cyclases (ACs) and kinases is a key component of several processes in plants including cell division, growth, and response to stress. ACs are enzymes that generate the second messenger molecule, 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) from 5′-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) while kinases are enzymes that catalyze the addition of a phosphate group to other molecules (trans-phosphorylation) or themselves (auto-phosphorylation). Apparently, while there has been an expanded record of various ACs and kinases identified in plants, no plant molecule to date has been shown to possess both the AC and kinase activities/functions and with such activities/functions having the characteristic of cross-talking interactions. Therefore, in an endeavor to find such a molecule, we searched the amino acid sequence of a known Arabidopsis AC, pentatricopeptide repeat (AtPPR) protein, and found a kinase-specific sequence signature (KSSS), which we speculated to be working in synergy with the AC center in this protein during downstream signalling. So, in order to test if this additional center is catalytically active and perhaps also having some cross-talking interactions with the AC center, we cloned, expressed, and affinity purified a truncated version of AtPPR, harboring both the AC and KSSS centers (AtPPR-AC/K). When tested in vitro, the recombinant AtPPR-AC/K showed a Mn2+-dependent AC activity that is positively enhanced by Ca2+ and HCO3− and a trans-/auto-phosphorylation kinase activity capable of utilizing both ATP and GTP as substrates and specific to the serine, threonine, and tyrosine amino acids as target residues. In addition, the kinase activity of AtPPR-AC/K was found to be reduced by cAMP while at the same time, it was totally shut down by Ca2+. This thus qualified both cAMP and Ca2+ as molecular switches or modulators, capable of regulating AtPPR functions through cross-talking interactions between the activities of its two domains. Our work, therefore, has essentially established AtPPR as the first member of a new class of moonlighting proteins with AC and kinase activities that have cross-talking interactions between themselves, conceivably presenting this protein as an ideal candidate for further explorations to improve plants, particularly agricultural crops.
One App to Assess Them All
Authors: Toth Roland 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSmartphones have become popular tools for data collection in the social sciences due to their high prevalence and mobility. Surveys, experience sampling (ESM) and tracking/logging are among the most used smartphone data-collection methods. However, existing apps are either commercial solutions, require programming skills, collect sensitive data, or do not handle all three methods simultaneously. When two or more data collection methods are used simultaneously, it further burdens both researchers and participants. This paper introduces the app MART (Mobile Assessment Research Tool) that solves these problems and is available for Android and iOS devices. Content and data collection settings can be customized dynamically via a web interface without the need to compile a new version of the app when changes are made. While the logging functionality is only supported on Android devices, data donation via the app Screen Time is requested on iOS devices. MART is already functional, and the source code is open-source and available on GitHub. The necessary long-term revisions for its use in custom projects without reprogramming are currently under development.
Measuring the reliability of proxy respondents in behavioural assessments: an open question
Authors: Lopez Antonella , Tinella Luigi , Caffò Alessandro , Bosco Andrea 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
In behavioural assessment, information can be gathered from internally referenced self-reports or from proxy informants.

Aims
This study aimed to fine-tune a brief but reliable method for evaluating the proxy accuracy in cases where responses obtained from adult and older adults’ patient cannot be considered reliable.

Methods
We generated a set of items reflecting both overt and covert behaviours related to the basic instrumental activities of daily living. The psychometric properties of the content, factorial, and criterium validity of these items were then checked. The Proxy Reliability Questionnaire—ProRe was created. We tested the frequency of “I don’t know” responses as a measure of proxy reliability in a sample of healthy older adults and their proxies, and in a second sample of proxy respondents who answered questions about their parents.

Results
As expected, response precision was lower for items characterizing covert behaviours; items about covert compared to overt behaviours generated more “I don’t know” answers. Proxies provided less “I don’t know” responses when evaluating the parent, they claimed they knew better. Moreover, we tried to validate our approach using response confidence. Encouragingly, these results also showed differences in the expected direction in confidence between overt and covert behaviours.

Conclusions
The present study encourages clinicians/researchers to how well the proxy the patient know each other, the tendency of proxies to exhibit, for example, response bias when responding to questions about patients’ covert behaviours, and more importantly, the reliability of informants in providing a clinical assessment of neurocognitive diseases associated with aging.
A new dynamic DNA-coding model for gray-scale image encryption
Authors: Afify Yasmine M. , Sharkawy Nada H. , Gad Walaa , Badr Nagwa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo protect the images and provide a more secure cipher image, DNA encoding is crucial in image encryption. Applying a single, easily detectable coding rule to the image during DNA encoding has no impact on the encryption model's security level. Therefore, using various coding rules while applying encryption to the image, dynamic DNA-coding techniques have emerged to strengthen and improve the encryption of the image and its security. This study integrates a dynamic DNA-coding method with an encryption model. The model is applied to gray-scale images, where using a predetermined coding rule, every two bits are DNA-encoded in the image. The proposed model generates the key by sending the image and its metadata to hash functions. Following that, the hyperchaotic system constructs three chaotic sequences using the key, and the Lorenz–Liu chaotic system generates a sequence of coding rules. Then, the image is passed to Arnold Transform, where the resulted image is diffused by applying five chaotic maps. Last, using the coding rules, it is DNA-encoded, provided with the chaotic sequences to DNA, and DNA-decoded. Twelve metrics were used to assess the proposed model on ten widely used images. Results show a promising improvement in performance, since it enhanced the security of the model.
Characteristics and Production Technologies of Byzantine Building Bricks from the Anaia Church in Western Anatolia
Authors: Çam Elif , Uğurlu Sağın Elif 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFired bricks were valued as essential building materials in the central tradition of Byzantine architecture in Constantinople (İstanbul), Anatolia, and the Balkans. In this study, Byzantine bricks from three construction periods, covering nearly nine centuries (fifth–fourteenth centuries), of Anaia Church (Kadıkalesi) in Western Anatolia were investigated to determine their characteristics, raw material properties, and production technologies. The characteristics of the bricks were evaluated and compared in order to identify similarities and differences between the periods and to investigate the continuity of the tradition of brick production over centuries. Basic physical and colorimetric properties, chemical and mineralogical compositions, thermal behavior, and microstructural and mechanical properties of bricks were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and mechanical tests. The results indicated that all the bricks in the Anaia Church were brown-beige colored, highly porous, low-density materials with low mechanical strength. They were produced from Ca-rich clays, probably obtained from two different sources used during all construction periods. The mineralogical composition and thermal properties revealed that the bricks from the first and second periods were fired at between 800 and 900°C and the bricks from the third period were fired at < 850°C. Greater calcium content and firing temperatures were found to reduce the total porosity and the number of small pores (< 10 μm) and increase the mechanical strength of the bricks. The results of the study revealed no significant differences in the production of bricks, including raw material sources and kiln conditions, for the different construction periods of the church.
Changes in expression of mesothelial BBS genes in 2D and 3D after lithium chloride and ammonium sulphate induction of primary cilium disturbance: a pilot study
Authors: Rouka Erasmia , Jagirdar Rajesh M. , Sarrigeorgiou Ioannis , Pitaraki Eleanna , Sinis Sotirios I. , Varsamas Charalambos , Papazoglou Eleftherios D. , Kotsiou Ourania S. , Lymberi Peggy , Giannou Anastasios , Hatzoglou Chrissi , Gourgoulianis Konstantinos I. , Zarogiannis Sotirios G. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), a rare and aggressive pleural tumor, has significant histological and molecular heterogeneity. Primary Cilium (PC), an organelle of emerging importance in malignancies, has been scarcely investigated in MPM. A critical molecular complex for the PC function is the BBSome and here we aimed at assessing its expression patterns in ordinary 2D and spheroid 3D cell cultures.

Methods
A human benign mesothelial cell line (MeT-5A), MPM cell lines (M14K, epithelioid MPM; MSTO, biphasic MPM), and primary MPM cells (pMPM) were used. Primers specific for the human BBS1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 18 transcripts were designed, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was done with β-actin as the gene of reference. The relative gene expression across 2D and 3D cultures was analyzed by the expression factor (mean of 1/ΔCt values). With the 2–∆∆Ct method the gene expression fold changes were assessed from qRT-PCR data. Molecular changes using the PC-modulating drugs ammonium sulfate (AS) and lithium chloride (LC) were also determined.

Results
PC was present in all cells used in the study at approximately 15% of the observed area. BBSome transcripts were differentially expressed in different dimensions of cell culture (2D vs. 3D) in all cell lines and pMPM. Treatment with AS and LC affected the expression of the ciliary BBS2 and BBS18 genes in the benign as well as in the MPM cells.

Conclusions
These data indicate distinct BBSome molecular profiles in human benign and MPM cells cultured in 2D and 3D dimensions and support the notion that PC genes should be investigated as potential MPM therapeutic targets.