bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ray Tracer Simulation of Si-Based Solar Cells using Al2O3/ITO as Double Layers Anti Reflective Coating
Authors: Hamdan Nurul Aina Nabihah , Yusof Noorsyam , Yusoff Mohd Zaki Mohd 
Published: June 2023

The solar cell has become one of the options for a greener world. Various studies have been done to achieve a solar cell with high efficiency and reasonable price. This study’s objective is to investigate how the thickness and base angle of the front layer affect the optical and electrical characteristics of Si-Based Solar cells. To accomplish this study, heterojunction solar cells using Al2O3/ITO as the double layer anti-reflection coating are analyzed using the Wafer Ray Tracer simulation by the PV Lighthouse. Al2O3 and ITO layers are used as a double anti-reflection coating (DLARC) in the light trapping strategy to support the reflection, absorption, and transmission (R, A and T) of the silicon solar cell. It acts to minimize reflectance and improves the overall efficiency of the solar cell. DLARC variation focuses on increasing absorption while decreasing reflection and transmission. The high refractive index of the hydrogenated a-Si (a-Si: H) emitter layer generates excessive reflection losses in SHJ solar cells making the silicon wafer have a low absorption efficiency. The DLARC thickness and base angle are varied as part of the simulation using the Wafer Ray Tracer by PV Lighthouse. The surface morphology of upright pyramid texture, height is 3.536 µm, texture base angle 54.74 °, and width 5 µm are used for reference scheme. Four schemes will be analyzed throughout this study along with the reference scheme. The result of this study is that Scheme 3 gives the optimum result with 99 % absorption, 21 % reflection and 67 % transmission. The goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of ARC thickness on optical and electrical characteristics. The best outcome is produced by varying the thickness and base angle of Scheme 3. The highest Jmax value, 0.3842 mA/cm2, is found in Scheme 3.
HIGHLIGHTS

The high refractive index of the hydrogenated a-Si (a-Si: H) emitter layer causes significant reflection losses in SHJ solar cells, resulting in a low absorption efficiency for the silicon wafer
The double anti-reflection coating (DLARC) thickness and base angle are modified as part of the simulation using PV Lighthouse's Wafer Ray Tracer
The best results are obtained by adjusting the thickness and base angle of Scheme 3. Scheme 3 has the highest Jmax value of 0.3842 mA/cm2

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on circulating respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey
Authors: Kırca Füsun , Aydoğan Sibel , Gozalan Aysegul , Güler Ezgi , Uyan Erten Ayşegül Zehra , Özşen Uygur Ayşe Sena , Doğan Alper , Dinc Bedia 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) applied to limit the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic also affect the circulation and seasonal characteristics of other respiratory viruses.

OBJECTIVES:
Assess the impact of NPIs on the spread and seasonal characteristics of non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viruses and examine viral respiratory co-infections.

DESIGN:
Retrospective cohort

SETTING:
Single center in Turkey.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Syndromic multiplex viral polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) panel results of patients admitted to the Ankara Bilkent City Hospital with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection between April 1, 2020 and October 30, 2022 were evaluated. Two study periods before and after 1 July 2021, when the restrictions were discontinued, were statistically analyzed and compared to determine the effect of NPIs on circulating respiratory viruses.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Prevalence of respiratory viruses as determined by syndromic mPCR panel.

SAMPLE SIZE:
11300 patient samples were evaluated.

RESULTS:

At least one respiratory tract virus was detected in 6250 (55.3%) patients. Of these, at least one respiratory virus was detected in 5% in the first period (between April 1, 2020 and June 30, 2021, when NPIs were applied), and in 95% in the second period (between July 1, 2021 and October 30, 2022, when NPIs were relaxed). After the removal of NPIs, there was a statistically significant increase in hRV/EV, RSV-A/B, Flu A/H3, hBoV, hMPV, PIV-1, PIV-4, hCoV-OC43, PIV-2 and hCoV-NL63 (
P
<.05). In the 2020-2021 season, when strict NPIs were applied, all respiratory viruses evaluated did not have the usual seasonal peak and there were no seasonal influenza epidemics during this period.

CONCLUSIONS:
NPIs resulted in a dramatic decrease in the prevalence of respiratory viruses and notable disruption of seasonal characteristics.

LIMITATIONS:
Single-center study and retrospective.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
None.
Efficacy of endoscopic mucosal resection versus endoscopic submucosal dissection for rectal neuroendocrine tumors ≤10mm: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Ce , Zhang Furong , We Yinghua 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are surgical methods used for rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) with diameters of ≤ 10 mm. However, which method has a higher performance remains uncertain.

OBJECTIVES:
Evaluate which of the two methods shows a higher performance.

DESIGN:
Systematic review and meta-analysis

METHODS:
Data from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from inception to 12 April 2022. Outcomes, including complete resection, en bloc resection, recurrence, perforation, bleeding, and procedure time, were pooled by 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using a fixed- or random-effects model.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Complete resection, en bloc resection, and recurrence.

SAMPLE SIZE:
18 studies, including 1168 patients were included in the study.

RESULTS:

Eighteen retrospective cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis. There were no statistical differences in the rates of complete resection, en bloc resection, recurrence, perforation, and bleeding rates between EMR and ESD. However, a statistical difference was detected in the procedure time; EMR had a significantly shorter time (MD=−17.47, 95% CI=−22.31 – −12.62,
P
<.00001).

CONCLUSIONS:
EMR and ESD had similar efficacies and safety profiles in resectioning rectal NETs ≤ 10 mm. Even so, the advantages of EMR included a shorter operation time and expenditure. Thus, with respect to health economics, EMR outperformed ESD.

LIMITATION:
Most of these studies are retrospective cohort studies instead of RCTs.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
None.
VAGINAL BIRTH AFTER PREVIOUS ONE CAESAREAN SECTION IN A PRIVATE TEACHING HOSPSITAL
Authors: RUBINA YOUSAF  , ATTYIA RASHID  
Published: June 2023

Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the factors indicating success in vaginal delivery after previous one C-Section.
Material and Methods: The study was carried out to assess the factors indicating successful VBAC ( vaginal birth after caesarean section). Over a period of two years from Jan 2011 to Dec 2012 at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Al-khidmat Teaching Mansoorah Hospital, Lahore affiliated with University College of Medicine and Dentistry
Results: The frequency of normal vaginal delivery after previous 1 C-Section was 47.29% while 52.7% had repeat CSection. The only statistically significant factor which could favor successful vaginal delivery was history of previous vaginal delivery prior to previous C-Section. Patients who had previous C-section for bad obstetrical history were delivered by repeat caesarean section. Majority of the patients included in the study group were booked belonged to educated middle class families having awareness of the complications that may occur during trial of labor. Provision of adequate antenatal health care services, timely identification of high risk cases, use of electronic fetal monitoring, involvement of senior , skilled and experienced personnel in the management of obstetrical emergencies are responsible for successful trial of Labor i.e. almost 50% patients delivered vaginally after previous I C-Section. Thus in order to increase the rate of NVD frequency of trial of labor must be increased with the goal of vaginal delivery but without compromising maternal and fetal health.
Conclusion: Almost 50% of the patients with previous one C-Section can be delivered normally especially if they had delivered vaginally previously. The decision of VBAC is complex and ultimately resides with the women and her Obstetrician after counseling the patient regarding all the risk - benefit profile.
GROWING PROBLEM OF HEPATITIS C IN END STAGE RENAL DISEASE PATIENTS ON MAINTAINANCE HEMODIALYSIS
Authors: AURANGZEB AFZAL  , SANIA ASHRAF  , ABUBAKAR RAHEEL  , FATEH SHER CHATTAH  , FAIQA ZAFAR  , FAINAN AYUB  , ADNAN ZAFAR  , AMJAD LILLA  , ANJUM SHAHZAD  , MUHAMMAD SAJID IQBAL  
Published: June 2023

Background: Hepatitis C is an important health issue in chronic kidney disease patients especially those on regular hemodialysis. The cause of this high prevelance remains multi-factorial. Despite of various infection control measures adopted worldwide, hepatitis c high seroconversion rates among dialysis patients remain a major health concern.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of seroconversion of hepatitis C in patients on maintenance hemodialysis in our set-up and also to find the various risk factors attributing to it .
Methods: A retrospective study was performed on forty seven patients on routine hemodialysis who were initially sero negative for hepatitis C at the time of registration in Lahore general hospital dialysis centre and frequency of seroconversion to positive for anti HCV was calculated using spss 20. The various variables were analyzed on basis of p-value(significant <0.05)
Results: Out of total 47 patients , 6 patients(12.80%) were found to be sero converted to hepatitis C during the dialysis treatment in our centre. History of surgical procedure (major/minor) (83.3%, p value:0.006) and presence of hepatitis C in spouse(66.7%, p value :0.0001) were found to be statistically significant risk factors.
Conclusion: The current study indicates the high rates of hepatitis C seroconversion in hemodialysis patients and the various contributing risk factors for it . Because of the immunodeficiency in these patients, intense education to medical staff as well as patients themselves will be beneficial in controlling the spread
SONOGRAPHY OF CHEST IN DIAGNOSIS OF PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN IN COMPARISON WITH CHEST X-RAY
Authors: DOGAR IQBAL HUSSAIN  , NAWAZ RASHID  , GAUTUM MAHESH  , ABBAS FARNAZ  
Published: June 2023

Background: Pneumonia is one of the most common infectious disease in children. Chest x-ray is the most common investigation ordered in diagnosis of pneumonia. Ultrasound is non-ionizing and safe. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of Lung ultrasound with chest x-ray in diagnosis of pneumonia in children.
Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of Lung ultrasound with chest x-ray in diagnosis of pneumonia in children
Methods: 120 cases with clinical diagnosis of pneumonia and admitted in pediatric medical ward, mayo hospital from 2015 June to 2016 June were included in this study. chest x-ray and ultrasound were performed by two different radiologists in selected cases. Results: Out of 120 cases, chest x-ray was positive in 115 cases, and lung ultrasound was positive in 117 cases. Out of 5 cases negative in x-ray, 4 cases were positive in ultrasound and out of three negative casesin ultrasound, two were positive in x-ray. One case was not positive in x-ray as well as in ultrasound. The sensitivity and specificity of lung ultrasound was 98.2% and 20.0%. The positive rates of the air bronchograms, fluid bronchograms, pleural effusion, comet-tail sign and color flow within the consolidation were 107(91.4%), 79(67.5%), 57(66.9%), 42(35.8%)and 39(33.3%) respectively.
Conclusion: Lung ultrasound could be considered as an alternative to chest x-ray in diagnosis of pneumonia in children.
Efecto multiplicador del turismo en la comunidad manabita y en la economía nacional.
Authors: Suárez Mella Rogelio , Pelegrín Entensa Norberto , Cobeña Macias Eliana Carolina 
Published: June 2023

El desarrollo económico en Ecuador tiene como cimiento la exportación de productos primarios de la industria petrolera, por una parte, con poco peso en la producción de derivados y, por otro lado, el comercio internacional no petrolero se manifiesta con las exportaciones de banano, sardina, camarón, flores y pitahaya entre otras. Estos productos del mar y de la tierra tienen como principal destino Estados Unidos y Eurasia. Como se aprecia el sector terciario es muy pobre dentro del tejido empresarial dedicado a la captación de divisas. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo reflexionar en el efecto multiplicador del turismo en la comunidad manabita y en la economía nacional como elemento necesario para lograr una economía sostenible centrada en el desarrollo turístico. Para el logro del propósito se realiza una investigación cualicuantitativa con análisis documental y acciones de campo que permite identificar los principales renglones orientados a desarrollar a Ecuador como un destino turístico internacional, estableciendo pautas para impulsar la transformación de la matriz productiva, y centrar sus emprendimientos al desarrollo de un turismo sustentable basado en sus grandes atractivos como pequeño país biodiverso, que puede ofrecer servicios exclusivos, no solo en el paraíso de las Islas Galápagos, sino con el desarrollo del turismo integrado con la explotación de las modalidades de turismo de ciudad, turismo de naturaleza, turismo de sol y playa y turismo de salud entre otros, que sea generador de empleo partiendo del efecto multiplicador de la fábrica sin humo en el resto de la economía local y nacional.
Estrategias de sostenibilidad, resultados e impactos:
Authors: Alvarez Medina María Trinidad , Ramírez Barón María Concepción 
Published: June 2023

Hoy más que nunca las actividades realizadas por el ser humano y por las organizaciones deben ser sostenibles, de tal forma que contribuya a la solución de los problemas económicos, sociales y medioambientales. En ese sentido la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas en el mes de septiembre del año 2015, estableció la agenda para el desarrollo sostenible 2030, considerando 17 objetivos para el desarrollo sostenible (ODS) con la finalidad de mejorar las condiciones de vida de las personas y proteger nuestro planeta, en un ámbito de prosperidad, paz y justicia, contribuyendo a la erradicación de la pobreza y la preservación del medio ambiente, dentro de un marco de desarrollo sostenible, manteniendo equilibrio en los aspectos sociales, económicos y medioambientales. Es necesario que las organizaciones incluyan en su marco estratégico actividades que contribuyan a la sostenibilidad económica, social y ambiental, a través de la implementación de objetivos y estrategias, en donde las prácticas sostenibles se encuentren consideradas en su estrategia y por tanto en los procesos que lleva a cabo. Por ello es importante que estas prácticas estén presentes en cada una de las actividades que realiza la empresa, en el entorno interno y el externo. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar las estrategias de sostenibilidad de una empresa del sector industrial, que cotiza en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, mediante una revisión documental de los informes de sostenibilidad por el último año reportado e identificar los resultados e impacto de su implementación.
Türkiye’de hemşirelik alanında sağlık inanç modeline dayalı yapılan doktora tezlerinin incelenmesi: bibliyometrik bir analiz
Authors: DENİZ AKAN Dilan 
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Araştırmada, Türkiye’de hemşirelik alanında Sağlık İnanç Modeli’ne dayalı yapılan doktora tezlerinin bibliyometrik analiz yöntemiyle incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Retrospektif-tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırmada, tezlere ulaşabilmek amacıyla Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu Ulusal Tez Merkezi tarama motorunda “Sağlık İnanç Modeli” ve “hemşirelik” anahtar kelimeleriyle Türkçe ve İngilizce olarak tarama yapılmıştır. Yapılan taramalar sonucunda; hemşirelik alanında 2012-2022 yılları arasında Sağlık İnanç Modeli’ne dayalı olarak yapılan, erişime açık ve dahil etme kriterlerini karşılayan 30 doktora tez çalışması araştırma kapsamında incelenmiştir. Tezler, araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen “Veri Toplama Formu” aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler, IBM SPSS 25 paket programında analiz edilmiş olup verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamına alınan tezlerin; %30’unun Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi’nde, %90’ının sağlık bilimleri enstitüsünde, %43,3’ünün halk sağlığı hemşireliği anabilim dalında ve %69,3’ünün danışmanlığının profesörler tarafından yürütüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. Tezlerde en sık kullanılan araştırma tasarımlarının yarı deneysel (%46,2) ve deneysel (%46,2) araştırma tasarımı olduğu, en üretken yılların 2018 (n=6) ve 2020 (n=6) yılları olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, son yıllarda hemşirelik alanında Sağlık İnanç Modeli’ne dayalı yapılan çalışmaların giderek artmakta olduğu ancak halen istenilen düzeye ulaşmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bireylerin korucuyu/önleyici sağlık davranışlarını geliştirmek ve semptom yönetimini sağlayabilmek amacıyla daha fazla sayıda Sağlık İnanç Modeli’ne dayalı araştırmaların yapılmasına ihtiyaç olduğu söylenebilir. Yapılan bu çalışmanın, hemşirelik literatürüne katkı sağlayacağı ve ileride bu alanda çalışmayı düşünen bilim insanlarına ve lisansüstü öğrencilere yol gösterici olacağı tahmin edilmektedir.
X ve Y Kuşağındaki Hemşirelerin Bakım Davranışı Özellikleri ve Mesleğe Bağlılıklarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: LAFÇI Diğdem , CANLI Fatma 
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, X ve Y kuşağındaki hemşirelerin bakım davranışlarının ve mesleğe bağlılıklarının belirlenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı, kesitsel ve karşılaştırmalı tasarımda yapılan bu araştırma, Mersin’de bir devlet hastanesinde çalışan 400 hemşire ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu”, “Bakım Davranışları Ölçeği-24” ve “Hemşirelikte Mesleğe Bağlılık Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Independent-Samples T testi, OneAway ANOVA, Kruskall Wallis testi ve Sperman Brown Korelasyon kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: X ve Y kuşağındaki hemşirelerin bakım davranışları düzeylerinin yüksek ve mesleki bağlılıklarının orta düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır. Yoğun bakım ünitelerinde çalışanlarda, kurumdan ayrılma düşüncesi olmayanlarda ve verilen bakımı çok yeterli bulanlarda bakım davranışlarının yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur (p
ÖRGÜTSEL İLETİŞİM İKLİMİ ALGISI İLE İLİŞKİLİ BAZI DEĞİŞKENLER: BİR İLDEKİ İKİ KAMU KURUMU ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: BAŞ Kazım 
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Tanımlayıcı türden olan bu çalışma, bir ildeki kamu üniversitesi ile hastanelerinde çalışanların örgütsel iletişim iklimi algısıyla ilişkili bazı değişkenleri değerlendirmek amacıyla yürütüldü.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma örneklemini bir ildeki kamu üniversitesi ile hastanelerinde çalışan toplam 1143 çalışandan ulaşılan ve araştırmaya gönüllü katılan 446 kişi oluşturdu. Araştırma verileri 20 Haziran 2022-23 Aralık 2022 tarihlerinde, çalışanların işyerlerinde, yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak toplandı. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında “anket formu” ve “örgütsel iletişim iklimi ölçeği” kullanıldı. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde, sayı, yüzdelik, ortalama, standart sapma, bağımsız gruplarda t-testi, Kruskal Wallis ve Anova testleri kullanıldı.
Bulgular ve Sonuç: Çalışanların yaş ortalaması 36.84±8.13 olup, %52’sinin üniversite, %48’inin de hastanelerde çalıştığı belirlendi. Çalışanların örgütsel iletişim iklimi algılarının olumlu fakat yüksek olmadığı görüldü. Çalışanların örgütsel iletişim iklimi algıları öğrenim düzeyi, çalışılan kurum, çalışma deneyimi ve mesleklerine göre önemli fark olduğu ve bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p
Leadership skills in postgraduate medical residents
Authors: Kakar Iftikhar Ali , Khan Jibran Umar Ayub , Mahboob Usman 
Published: June 2023

Background of the Study: Safe patient care is the fundamental objective of every healthcare facility by the services provided by high performing healthcare providers with effective leadership skills. Leadership competencies are considered now as essential for all medical trainees, not only to face challenges at individual level but it also helps them solving certain institutional and interpersonal challenges. Aim: To assess the current leadership training needs of postgraduate medical resident undergoing training in different hospitals of the Pakistan. Methods: This was a cross-sectional online quantitative survey. A request link of online google survey form was sent to the residents through social media residents’ groups and through email addresses of residents to fill the form. Results: A total of 67 residents of all years completed the survey. Mean age of the residents was 30.63 ±3.87, with about 81% being male and 84% were getting done their residency training in specialty related to medicine and allied. On a Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 3 = neutral, 5 = strongly agree), residents rated the importance of leadership skills in the clinical setting as high (4.15 of 5).
Triple hélice un modelo de innovación abierta para la sostenibilidad de Latacunga, Cotopaxi- Ecuador.
Authors: Navas Olmedo Walter , Parrales Poveda María Leonor , Herrera Jimena , Calderon Acosta Brenda Josselyn 
Published: June 2023

Tomando como base el modelo de desarrollo económico de la Triple hélice de Etzkowitz y Leydesdorff, cooperación entre universidad, estado y gobierno, esta investigación busca caracterizar la triple hélice en el sector productivo del cantón Latacunga para la optimización estratégica de comunicación que contribuya al desarrollo socioeconómico de la región. Lo compara para explicar si esta triangulación incide en la sostenibilidad de la zona así como en su desarrollo, destacando el papel de la universidad como generador de soluciones innovadoras a los problemas junto a la empresa, siendo el estado catalizador del funcionamiento de este sistema a través de legislaciones e incentivos fiscales que forman parte de la política económica y política científica tecnológica. Con un enfoque mixto e investigación exploratoria, descriptiva y correlacional se pudo determinar la relación entre las variables las que fueron validadas por expertos con la técnica de Alpha de Cronbach y el programa SPSS 26. Se acepta la hipótesis alternativa en donde la Triple Hélice está integrada a la sostenibilidad de Latacunga. Esta articulación permitirá una reactivación paulatina, sentando las bases de un crecimiento sostenible y equilibrado gracias a las comunicaciones y negociaciones de los stakeholders quienes están decididos a realizar acuerdos de cooperación, proyectos, transferencia de tecnología e innovación empresarial para la sostenibilidad del sector.