bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise therapy facilitates neural remodeling and functional recovery post-spinal cord injury via PKA/CREB signaling pathway modulation in rats
Authors: Ying Xinwang , Xie Qingfeng , Zhao Yanfang , Shen Jiamen , Huang Junqing , Feng Zhiyi , Chu Liuxi , Xu Junpeng , Jiang Dawei , Wu Ping , Zuo Yanming , Li Shengcun , Jiang Chang , Li Xiaokun , Wang Zhouguang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Neuronal structure is disrupted after spinal cord injury (SCI), causing functional impairment. The effectiveness of exercise therapy (ET) in clinical settings for nerve remodeling post-SCI and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to explore the effects and related mechanisms of ET on nerve remodeling in SCI rats.

Methods
We randomly assigned rats to various groups: sham-operated group, sham-operated + ET, SCI alone, SCI + H89, SCI + ET, and SCI + ET + H89. Techniques including motor-evoked potential (MEP), video capture and analysis, the Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan (BBB) scale, western blotting, transmission electron microscopy, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Nissl staining, glycine silver staining, immunofluorescence, and Golgi staining were utilized to assess signal conduction capabilities, neurological deficits, hindlimb performance, protein expression levels, neuron ultrastructure, and tissue morphology. H89—an inhibitor that targets the protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response element-binding (CREB) signaling pathway—was employed to investigate molecular mechanisms.

Results
This study found that ET can reduce neuronal damage in rats with SCI, protect residual tissue, promote the remodeling of motor neurons, neurofilaments, dendrites/axons, synapses, and myelin sheaths, reorganize neural circuits, and promote motor function recovery. In terms of mechanism, ET mainly works by mediating the PKA/CREB signaling pathway in neurons.

Conclusions
Our findings indicated that: (1) ET counteracted the H89-induced suppression of the PKA/CREB signaling pathway following SCI; (2) ET significantly alleviated neuronal injury and improved motor dysfunction; (3) ET facilitated neuronal regeneration by mediating the PKA/CREB signaling pathway; (4) ET enhanced synaptic and dendritic spine plasticity, as well as myelin sheath remodeling, post-SCI through the PKA/CREB signaling pathway.
Elucidating the dual roles of apoptosis and necroptosis in diabetic wound healing: implications for therapeutic intervention
Authors: Wu Xingqian , Gu Rifang , Tang Ming , Mu Xingrui , He Wenjie , Nie Xuqiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and multistep biological process that involves the cooperation of various cell types. Programmed cell death, including apoptosis and necrotizing apoptosis, plays a crucial role in this process. Apoptosis, a controlled and orderly programmed cell death regulated by genes, helps eliminate unnecessary or abnormal cells and maintain internal environmental stability. It also regulates various cell functions and contributes to the development of many diseases. In wound healing, programmed cell death is essential for removing inflammatory cells and forming scars. On the other hand, necroptosis, another form of programmed cell death, has not been thoroughly investigated regarding its role in wound healing. This review explores the changes and apoptosis of specific cell groups during wound healing after an injury and delves into the potential underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, it briefly discusses the possible mechanisms linking wound inflammation and fibrosis to apoptosis in wound healing. By understanding the relationship between apoptosis and wound healing and investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in apoptosis regulation, new strategies for the clinical treatment of wound healing may be discovered.
Digital whiteboards: engaging with active learning
Authors: Valenzuela Jared 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Student boredom presents a significant challenge for educators, particularly in light of today’s rapid technological advancements, where maintaining engagement can be challenging. Although many teachers have adapted their strategies to foster more active involvement, some continue to struggle with integrating innovative educational approaches. Feedback from students often reports that lessons are perceived as uninteresting and not engaging. To address this issue, this article proposes a potential solution by advocating the use of digital whiteboards combined with active learning principles to promote a more dynamic and interactive social learning climate which boosts learner engagement.
Live-imaging sonar use in Texas crappie fisheries: Examining population-level responses due to potential increases in exploitation
Authors: Smith David R , Bennett Daniel L , Norman Jacob D , Allen Micheal S 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
The use of live-imaging sonar (LIS) has surged in popularity among anglers in recent years, especially those targeting crappie Pomoxis spp. With LIS, anglers have perceived an increase in catchability of crappie and concerns have been raised about the resilience of crappie populations. As an attempt to provide information in response to these concerns, our study addressed the potential for LIS to increase angler catch rates and exploitation rates, with implications for potential overfishing. Using creel survey data collected on three regionally significant crappie fisheries, we subset creel estimations by LIS use (i.e., users and nonusers) for anglers targeting crappie. Users caught and harvested crappie at significantly higher rates than nonusers. Results suggest that LIS use has the potential to increase overall exploitation rates among the study reservoirs. Although exploitation may increase, we found that the potential for overfishing was minimal, given fishing mortality estimates as high as 79% and a 254-mm minimum length limit. Our study provides a baseline evaluation of current LIS use within popular crappie fisheries while showcasing how increasing fishing mortality could affect the sustainability of crappie populations across a range of growth and exploitation scenarios.
Lack of sex bias in the referral letters for patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a mixed methods evaluation
Authors: Samnani Sunil , Nasser Yasmin , Girn Gurprit , Nadeem Huneza , Targownik Laura , Ruzycki Shannon M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience greater delays and misdiagnosis than men. Data from other conditions suggest that sex and/or gender bias in the process of referral to speciality care may contribute.

Methods
We undertook a mixed methods analysis of 120 referral letters to gastroenterology for people ultimately diagnosed with IBD in Calgary, Alberta. Letters were masked for patient sex and gender prior to analysis. Gastroenterologists who were masked to the objective of the study rated the quality of referral letters and triaged letters for urgency. Two study team members performed a Framework analysis to identify agentic (masculine) and commensal (feminine) adjectives, mentions of caregiving and work roles, and psychosocial history. After analysis, letters were unmasked and findings were compared by patient sex.

Results
There were 116 referral letters included in the analysis (n = 59, 50.9% for male patients). There were no differences in letter quality or triage urgency between male and female patients (median quality 4 [IQR 4-7] and 5 out of 10 [IQR 4-6], respectively, higher scores represent better quality; P = .37, and P = .44 for triage category). There was no difference in the use of adjectives and mention of caregiving or work roles, psychiatric history, or social history between letters for female and male patients.

Conclusions
This mixed methods analysis identified no difference in referral letter language, contents, or quality for female and male patients with IBD. Masked letters were triaged similarly to unmasked letters, suggesting an absence of sex and/or gender bias in the gastroenterology triaging process in our setting.
Filarial parasite infection prevalence in field-caught mosquitoes from Connecticut, United States
Authors: Bagger Meredith S , Hagadorn Kelly A , Misencik Michael J , Arent Skylar , Povelones Michael , McMillan Joseph R , Gloria-Soria Andrea 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Filarial nematodes are parasitic roundworms transmitted by mosquitoes that can cause morbidity and mortality for their human and animal hosts. The filariae community, specifically infection prevalence of heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) (Leidy), and its primary mosquito vector species, has not been described in Connecticut since 1977. In light of the recent invasion and establishment of an important filariasis vector, Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) (Skuse), we used molecular-based sequencing methods to identify filarial species infecting field-caught mosquitoes in Connecticut, United States. The filarial parasites identified include D. immitis, Aproctella sp., and Setaria sp. (Filarioidea: Setariidae). The total minimum infection rate for D. immitis for all mosquito species tested in 2020 was 0.97 [0.56 to 1.56] and in 2021 was 1.48 [0.93 to 2.24]. Aedes albopictus had the highest infection prevalence compared to other species during both years. We determined a low but persistent mosquito infection prevalence for D. immitis and suggest that Ae. albopictus is likely to be the primary vector in the region. Aproctella sp. and Setaria sp. had lower burdens compared to D. immitis. Persistent mosquito infection with filarial parasites, particularly in invasive species, poses a risk to veterinary and public health.
Unusual presentation of a giant recurrent inguinal hernia: a case report
Authors: Tahir Senol , Jovanovska Frosina , Abdiu Suad , Glavinov Maja Sofronievska 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The recurrence rate of inguinal hernia is 1–10%, most often in the inguinal region, and seldom in different locations. A 72-year-old man with a large soft swelling in the right ventrolateral abdominal region without swelling in the scrotum, operated on right inguinal hernia at pediatric age. Clinical findings revealed a giant right ventrolateral hernia and abdominal CT showed weakness of the abdominal wall with a 25 cm long hernial sac with an apex under the right costal arch and a base at the deep inguinal opening, that was diagnosed as a recurrent inguinal hernia with unusual presentation. Hernioplasty without opening the hernial sac was performed in an atypical manner. The patient was discharged from the hospital without pain or discomfort at the follow-up. The common presentation of recurrent inguinal hernia is inguinal-scrotal but an unusual presentation should be reconsidered with a proper diagnosis and adequate surgical treatment.
Risk factors associated with pain and pain relief in patients with chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Li Bingqing , Chu Yuning , Wang Xiaowei , Meng Pin , Fang Liang , Tian Zi-Bin , Li Xiaoyu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Abdominal pain is one of the most prominent symptoms in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and can manifest intermittently or persistently. The mechanism of pain is not yet clear, and no effective treatment is currently available. This study aimed to explore the risk factors for pain in patients with CP, which may provide new insights for developing effective pain control modalities.

Methods
This clinical study was based on a single-centre research database that included 570 patients with CP. We compared the differences in baseline data, clinical characteristics, and psychophysiology traits between patients with and without pain. Subsequently, patients will be followed up to assess changes in their risk factors and explore their relationship with pain.

Results
In the final risk factor model, young age (P = .031; odds ratio [OR] = 0.986 [0.973, 0.999]), prolonged disease duration (P &lt; .001; OR = 1.307 [1.127, 1.516]), heavy smoking (P = .014; OR = 1.331 [1.060, 1.617]), alcohol consumption (P = .003; OR = 1.419 [1.127, 1.788]), low body mass index (P &lt; .001; OR = 0.786 [0.703, 0.879]), pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (P = .040; OR = 1.683 [1.024, 2.767]), acute pancreatitis attacks (P = .027; OR = 1.759 [1.067, 2.902]), anxiety, and depression (P = .016; OR = 1.047 [1.009, 1.088]; P = .014; OR = 1.068 [1.013, 1.126]) were associated with CP pain. Reducing tobacco and alcohol intake (P = .001; OR = 2.367 [1.525, 4.637]; P = .024; OR = 2.011 [1.085, 3.199]), increasing the body mass index (P = .005; OR = 1.968 [1.265, 3.805]), and improving anxiety (P = .001; OR = 1.164 [1.081, 1.340]) were identified to be beneficial for pain relief. Compared to the effects on persistent pain, pancreatic enzyme supplementation (P = .004; OR = 1.794 [1.186, 2.502]) had a clear effect on intermittent pain in patients with CP.

Conclusion
We identified a multifactorial model of pain risk factors for CP and confirmed that modifying these risk factors could influence patient pain symptoms.
Robert Lee and his Undisciplined Medical Self: Life Writing, Character and ‘Technologies of Self’ in the Victorian Medical Profession
Authors: Bradley James 
Published: January 2025

Summary
Robert Lee was a divisive figure who, for much of his professional life, mismanaged his reputation. In this article, I use a diary written between 1837 and 1873 to explore the part character played in Lee’s fraught relationship with the medical profession. Special attention is paid to Lee’s dual use of life writing. On the one hand, he was an avid reader of biographies, memoirs and obituaries, which he then recorded in his diary. On the other, his diary writing was designed to audit his behaviour and then transform his self, making him a disciplined medical professional. Presented like this, his diary bears the hallmarks of a Foucauldian ‘technology of self’. However, Lee’s dual engagement with life writing revealed the character flaws that did much to damage his professional standing, and despite the diary’s use as a tool for self-fashioning, an unruly professional subject emerged from its pages.
Two-Year Outcomes of Umbilical Cord Milking in Nonvigorous Infants: A Secondary Analysis of the MINVI Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Katheria Anup C. , El Ghormli Laure , Clark Erin , Yoder Bradley , Schmölzer Georg M. , Law Brenda H.Y. , El-Naggar Walid , Rittenberg David , Sheth Sheetal , Martin Courtney , Vora Farha , Lakshminrusimha Satyan , Underwood Mark , Mazela Jan , Kaempf Joseph , Tomlinson Mark , Gollin Yvonne , Rich Wade , Morales Ana , Varner Michael , Poeltler Debra , Vaucher Yvonne , Mercer Judith , Finer Neil , Rice Madeline Murguia 
Published: January 2025

(Abstracted from JAMA Network Open 2024;7:e2416870)
Delaying umbilical cord clamping at least 30 to 60 seconds at birth has been shown to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in full-term infants and survival in preterm infants. However, in nonvigorous infants who may need resuscitation, the optimal umbilical cord management is unclear.
Risk of Stillbirth After a Previous Caesarean Delivery: A Swedish Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Al Khalaf Sukainah Y. , Heazell Alexander E.P. , Kublickas Marius , Kublickiene Karolina , Khashan Ali S. 
Published: January 2025

(Abstracted from BJOG 2024;131:1054–1061)
The rate of cesarean delivery (CD) rose from 12% in 2000 to 21% in 2015. There may be as many as 6.2 million CDs performed each year without a specific medical indication.
Virtual Compared With In-Office Postoperative Visits After Urogynecologic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lua-Mailland Lannah L. , Nowacki Amy S. , Paraiso Marie Fidela R. , Park Amy J. , Wallace Shannon L. , Ferrando Cecile A. 
Published: January 2025

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2024;144:562–572
Since the pandemic, telehealth visits have been widely adopted in a variety of healthcare systems and medical specialties. Previous studies have suggested that in general, telehealth visits increase patient satisfaction as well as engagement and adherence to care.
Incidence Rates and Risks for Reoperations for Nonunion and Adjacent Level Disease
Authors: Guppy Kern H. , Chang Richard , Fennessy Jacob , Prentice Heather A. , Harris Jessica E. , Ho Allen L. , Babhadi Amir Goodarzi , Brara Harsimran S. , Kuo Calvin 
Published: January 2025

Study Design.
A retrospective cohort study.

Objective.
To determine if there is a difference in reoperations for adjacent segment disease (operative ASD) and nonunion (operative nonunion) in lumbar fusions that stop at T10/T11/T12 versus L1.

Summary of Background Data.
Current lumbar spine surgery is based on the belief that ASD occurs if fusions are stopped at L1 although there is varying evidence to support this assumption.

Methods.
We conducted a cohort study using data from a US-based integrated healthcare system’s Spine Registry of adult patients ≥18 years old with degenerative disc disease/adult lumbar deformity who underwent primary lumbar fusions. The exposure of interest was lumbar fusions stopping at L1 versus T10/T11/T12. Propensity score-weighted Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to evaluate reoperation risk for ASD and for nonunion.

Results.
The study cohort included 227 lumbar fusions that stop at L1 and 228 stop at T10/T11/12. Mean age for the cohort was 68.4 years with mean follow-up time of 6.3 years. For caudal level at L5 and S1, we found no statistical differences between operative ASD stopping at L1 versus T10/11/12 (HR=1.03, 95% CI=0.53-2.02, P=0.93 and HR=0.67, 95% CI=0.27-1.67, P=0.39, respectively). For the Short-segment fusions (caudal level: L3,4,5) and Long-segment fusions (L5, S1. S1+ilium) we also found no statistical difference in operative ASD (HR=1.44, 95% CI=0.68-3.09, P=0.34 and HR=0.83, 95% CI=0.52-1.30, P=0.41, respectively). For Long-segment fusions we also found no statistical difference in operative nonunion (HR=0.65, 95% CI=0.20-2.11, P=0.47).

Conclusion.
Our study provides some evidence against crossing the thoracolumbar junction (TLJ) for individual constructs terminating at S1, as well as for Long-segment fusions, based on comparisons of operative ASD and operative nonunion. However, further research is needed to determine whether this finding holds true for individual constructs with caudal levels at L2, L3, L4, and S1+ilium.
Effects and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Injection in Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Cheng Fengrui , Cai Xingrui , Zhang Ying , Wu Jingping , Yin Sisi 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a prevalent condition that significantly affects the psychosocial well-being of many individuals, and its treatment remains a clinical challenge. Botulinum toxin (BTX) injections have been reported to have a therapeutic effect on AGA. Although several studies have explored the efficacy and safety of this novel treatment, most are clinical studies with small sample sizes.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of BTX injections in the treatment of AGA through a meta-analysis and systematic review.

METHODS
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Web of Science to identify studies investigating the use of BTX in the treatment of AGA. The primary outcome was hair count.

RESULTS
Eight studies were included in the systematic review. The pooled data demonstrated a statistically significant increase in hair count in patients treated with BTX compared with the control group (standardized mean difference = 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.30–1.74, p < .05).

CONCLUSION
Injectable BTX seems to be a promising treatment for AGA, showing significant efficacy and good safety.
A diagnostic conundrum: a patient with only complaints of palpitations and dyspnea was diagnosed with thyroid storm: a rare case report
Authors: Sajjad Waseem , Ur Rehman Ubaid , Maha  , Maqbool Maham , Fatima Arooj , Memon Zauha Fawad , Nasrallah Jamil 
Published: January 2025

Introduction and background:
The life-threatening side effect of hyperthyroidism, the thyrotoxic storm, can be difficult to diagnose because of its wide range of vague clinical symptoms. Patient survival depends on early diagnosis and treatment.

Case presentation:
This report presents the case of a male patient, age 58, who had no previous history of hyperthyroidism and initially complained of palpitations and dyspnea. He had supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and thyrotoxicosis upon evaluation. His Burch-Wartofsky Point Scale (BWPS) score of 50 indicated a high probability of thyroid storm. Propranolol and propylthiouracil were started on time, stabilizing the patient’s vital signs and converting SVT to atrial fibrillation. With further care, the thyrotoxicosis resolved.

Clinical discussion:
This example emphasizes how critical it is to identify thyroid storm and treat it quickly in order to maximize patient outcomes, especially when it is exacerbated by SVT. It also emphasizes how helpful the BWPS is in helping diagnose and treat patients in such cases.

Conclusion:
It is important for clinicians to evaluate each patient presented with cardiac symptoms of thyroid function abnormality. In order to manage thyroid storm, early intervention with beta-blockers and antithyroid drugs is essential. Better patient outcomes result from early diagnosis and treatment, which is made possible by the BWPS, particularly in cases with unexplained new-onset atrial fibrillation.
Drusen volume as clincial outcome measure in subjects with malattia leventinese
Authors: Ehrenzeller Clara , Cancian Giuseppe , Paris Arianna , Grimaldi Gabriela , Pfau Maximilian , Menghini Moreno 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To assess if drusen volume can serve as structural clinical outcome marker in Malattia Leventinese (ML), and to evaluate whether cones or rods are more affected by its progression, using multimodal imaging and mesopic and two-color scotopic microperimetry.

Methods:
This was a prospective monocentric cross-sectional cohort study of participants with genetically confirmed ML. Participants were classified according to morphology. Mean drusen volume, calculated from SD-OCT, was compared to microperimetry parameters (mesopic retinal sensitivity, scotopic red and cyan function, difference between scotopic cyan-red function).

Results:
Fourteen participants (28 eyes) were enrolled. Mean drusen volume increased (bilaterally P=0.028) and mesopic retinal sensitivity decreased with later stage (OD: P=0.028; OS: P=0.050). Scotopic microperimetry showed that scotopic cyan function was lower than scotopic red function in moderate stage. Scotopic red function decreased in severe stage. Mean drusen volume correlated to mesopic retinal sensitivity (OD: P<0.001; OS: P=0.007).

Conclusion:
Retinal sensitivity diminishes with ML progression. Rod function declines prior to cone function, while at late stages, cone loss predominates. Drusen accumulation, initially speckled around the macula and optic disc and confluent with disease progression, correlates well with visual function loss and impaired quality of life. Thus, therapeutically reducing drusen accumulation could be efficacious.