bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BLOCK OF THE ANGIOTENSIN PATHWAYS EFFECTS FLOW-VOLUME SPIROMETRY IN PATIENTS WITH SARS-COV-2 INFECTION
Authors: Mancini Francesca , Marozzi Marialuisa Sveva , Loponte Luciana , Solimando Antonio Giovanni , Vacca Angelo , Cicco Sebastiano 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) pathways inhibitors have been first evaluated in COVID-19 patients for the risk of poor prognosis. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are the main diagnostic tools for most respiratory diseases. Few data are present in follow-up PFTs according to hypertension or treatment. We evaluated patients that are hypertensives and not and the role of ACE2i/ARB through flow-volume spirometry in follow-up after infection recovery.

Design and method:
We evaluated 112 Caucasian patients 3-6 months after Covid-19 disease, i.e. after the date of negative molecular/antigenic nasopharyngeal swab. The series of patients showed a great variability due to a wide spectrum of age, the severity of disease manifestations, hospitalization, invasive/non-invasive ventilation, comorbidities, the presence/absence of a previous pneumological diagnosis, and the variants of the virus. Patients were divided into those who were hypertensives (Group1, 18 females and 30 males, aged 63.47±14.24), and who were not (Group2, 32 females and 32 males, aged 53.03±16.66). Group1 was further analysed according to treatment: patients in ACEi/ARB treatment (Group1A, 23 females and 12 males, aged 63.63±10.40) and those who not (Group1B, 6 females and 7 males, aged 53.03±16.66). Distal airflow obstruction (DAO) was evaluate as forced expiratory flow (FEF) at 25%, 50% and 75% of total flow. PFTs values were related to age, sex and BMI before comparison.

Results:
Group1 presented lower peripheral oxygen saturation percentage (SpO2) vs Group2 (p<0.05). Spirometry data were worst in Group1: Forced expiratory volume at first minute (FEV1) (p<0.05), Forced vital capacity (FVC) (p<0.05), and Tiffenau Index (p<0.05). There was a DAO in Group1. In Group 1, we found also a reduction in FEF 25 (p<0.05), FEF 50 (p<0.05), and FEF 25-75 (p<0.05), and in FEF 75 (p<0.05). There was no difference in those parameters comparing Group1A vs Group1B.

Conclusions:
In hypertensives the indexes of respiratory function were shifted towards the lower limits (albeit within normal limits). These parameters were significantly reduced compared to controls. Treatment with ACEi/ARB didn’t affect PFTs at follow-up evaluation after recovery. Thus, COVID-19 is not only a pulmonary, but also a vascular disease worsening when a previous CV comorbidity.
DEMOGRAPHIC, CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOME OF HYPERTENSIVE COVID-19 POSITIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Kalimuddin Md , Malik Fazila-Tun-Nesa , Ishraquzzaman Mir , Ahmed Nazir , Badiuzzaman Mohammad , Ahmed Mir Nesaruddin , Dutta Ashok , Banik Dhiman , Laila Nazmun , Chowdhury Md. Shamim 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Less is known about the overall impact of hypertension on COVID-19 in Bangladeshi population. This study aimed to compare demographic and clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcome of hypertensive versus non-hypertensive COVID-19 positive patients.

Design and method:
All cardiac patients who became COVID-19 positive and healthcare personnel with COVID-19 infection were included in this prospective observational study. The study was conducted from April 2020 to November 2022 in the department of cardiology of National Heart Foundation Hospital & Research Institute which was COVID-non-dedicated tertiary care cardiac hospital. The patients were divided into two groups based on hypertension: hypertensive COVID-19 group and non-hypertensive COVID-19 group.

Results:
Among 2488 COVID-19 positive patients, 58.6% (1459) were hypertensive and 41.4% (1029) were non-hypertensive. Mean age of the COVID-19 positive hypertensive group was 56.38 ± 11.93 years and the non-hypertensive COVID-19 positive group was 41.65 ± 17.07 years (p = 0.001). In-hypertensive COVID-19 positive group, 71.8% patients were male and 28.2% were female & in non-hypertensive COVID-19 positive group, 60.1% patients were male and 39.9% were female (p = 0.001). In comparison to non-hypertensive COVID-19 positive patients, hypertensive COVID-19 positive patients were predominantly smoker (38.1% vs 19.8%; p = 0.001), diabetic (57.4% vs 15.1%; p = 0.001), dyslipidemic (31.9% vs 16.1%; p = 0.001), have positive family history of ischemic heart disease (IHD) (12.9% vs 7.8%; p = 0.001). Hypertensive COVID-19 positive patients had more symptomatic presentation (74.2% vs 66.6%; p = 0.001), more severe form of the disease (8.2% vs 3.6%; p = 0.001), higher in-hospital acute left ventricular failure-12.3% vs 5.5%; p = 0.001), in-hospital cardiogenic shock (3.8% vs 1.6%; p = 0.001) and in-hospital death (4.7% vs 2.9%; p = 0.02).

Conclusions:
Hypertensive COVID-19 positive patients were predominantly smoker, diabetic, dyslipidemic, have positive family history of IHD, had more symptomatic presentation, more severe form of disease, higher in-hospital complications & in-hospital death.
PRE-DISCHARGE SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE IN HOSPITALIZED COVID-19 PATIENTS IS AN INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR OF IMROVEMENT IN 6-MINUTE WALK TEST DURING 1-MONTH FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Honchar Oleksii , Ashcheulova Tetyana 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To study the relation of hypertensive status and systolic blood pressure (SBP) pre-discharge values to the dynamics of functional re-conditioning as assessed by 6-minute walk distance during the 1-month follow-up after hospitalization for COVID-19.

Design and method:
6-minute walk distance (6MWD) was assessed pre-discharge in 176 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 (40% hypertensive, 47% male, mean age 53,2 ± 13,5 years) using the 20 m walkway and an extended protocol that included monitoring of peripheral pulse and capillary blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) every 30 seconds via bluetooth-connected pulse oximeter. The repeated evaluation was performed after 1 month of follow-up.

Results:
Hypertensive participants were characterised by older age (57,8±11,8 vs 50,7±13,9, p < 0,001), higher weight and body mass index (31,7±5,3 vs 27,4±4,4 kg/m2, p < 0,001). As a result, 6MWD in them was shorter (378±57 vs 418±75 m, p = 0,001) but no difference in reached percent of predicted distance (6MWD%) was detected (63,0±8,5 vs 63,2±11,1 %, p = 0,939). The described relation persisted at 1 month, with no difference in absolute (72±43 vs 68±43 m, p = 0,324) and percentage gain of 6MWD (12,8±6,6 vs 11,2±7,5 %, p = 0,266) between groups.
Multiple regression analysis has allowed to build the model that accounted for 94% of variability in the 6MWD% gain between visits (85% for dedicated hypertensive cohort model). After adjustment for age, sex, height, weight, Remdesivir treatment, minimal SpO2 levels during acute COVID-19, changes of SpO2 and pulse rate throughout the 6MWT, SBP remained a potent independent predictor of 6MWD% gain, with 10 mmHg higher values at baseline evaluation being associated with 21,5% lesser 6MWD% gain in hypertensive subjects and 8,2% lesser – in normotensives.

Conclusions:
Hypertensive status did not have an impact on 6MWD% in pre-discharge COVID-19 patients. Moderate-to-high quality multiple regression models have demonstrated an independent role of SBP, demographic and anthropometric data, changes of SpO2 and pulse rate throughout the 6MWT in prediction of 6MWD% gain during 1 month after discharge, both in hypertensive and normotensive patients.
THE IMPACT OF HYPERTENSION AND OTHER COMORBIDITIES ON THE SEVERITY AND OUTCOME OF COVID-19 INFECTION IN SUDANESE HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS AT JABRA ISOLATION CENTRE 2021
Authors: Beheiry Hind , Elhassan Marwa , Almarrani Zakarya , Hazaa Shehab , Abdulsamad Gaafar , Ahmed Doaa , Moheieldin Mariam , Alhaj Waleed , Farhan Osman , Jaber Mohammed , Ali Zein , Elhadi Hussam , Daffalla Shima , Abdelwahab Omar , Ali Ibtisam , Shaheen Mahasin 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Covid-19 has rapidly spread throughout the globe ever since it was declared as a pandemic in March 2020, it was associated with increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Sudan, (3rd January 2020 - 27th January 2023) there had been 63,736 confirmed cases of COVID-19 with 5,001 deaths, reported by WHO.

Objective:
To measure the effects of Hypertension and other comorbidities on the severity and outcome of COVID 19 hospitalized patients at Jabra Isolation Centre.

Design and method:
A descriptive hospital-based study conducted in 2022 based on 2021 records at Jabra COVID-19 Isolation Centre/Sudan. The severity was assigned according to the hospital based categorized zones at Jabra Centre, and shown on admission sheets either to ICU red, HDU yellow, or floor green zones.

Results:
308 patients were enrolled, 197 (64%) were males; and 132 (42.9%) were hypertensive, 122 (39.6%) were diabetic, 25 (8.1%) had a cardiac disease, 23 (7.5%) had a kidney disease, 16 (5.2%) were asthmatic, 12 (3.9) had a thyroid disease, 11 (3.6%) had a cerebrovascular disease, and 7 (2.3%) had a history of a malignant disease. It was found that about 172 (55.8%) of the hospitalized patients were >60 years. All deaths were 177 (57.5%); of which 74 (41.8%) were hypertensive, 62 (35%) were diabetic, 17 (9.6%) of the death had cardiovascular disease, 16 (9%) had kidney disease, 9 asthmatic patients and 9 cerebrovascular disease patients died respectively. By age distribution, 105 (59.3%) of all deaths were >60 years; 80 (45.2%) of total deaths were ICU admitted patients. There was a significant association between the age and severity (P 0.017); and between the severity and the outcome (P 0.002).

Conclusions:
The presence of Hypertension and other comorbidities led to increased adverse outcomes in the hospitalized Covid-19 patients. The deaths were (57.5%) of which the hypertensive was (41.8%) and the diabetic were 35%. There was significant association between the severity the disease and the outcome, and the age and the severity.
COMORBIDITIES AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 AMONG AGED 18 YEARS AND OLDER IN DILCHORA HOSPITAL-DIRE DAWA, EASTERN ETHIOPIA, 2022
Authors: Ayele Dagmawi Abebe , Roba Hirbo Shore 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To describe the outcome and assess factors associated with mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 adult patients with chronic diseases in Dilchora hospital, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopian, 2022

Design and method:
A retrospective cohort study was used. Data was collected using a data extraction form by reviewing medical records of all hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients from May 3, 2021-January 26, 2022. The data extraction form consists of demographic and clinical information. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data, mean, frequency, and percentages were used. Multivariate binary logistic regression was applied to assess the factors associated with mortality. Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CIs were used. Variables with a p-value of <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 196 COVID-19 positive patients were included in the study. More than half, 107 (54.6%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 51 (SD = 17). 154 (78.6%) were urban residents. Of these, 46 (23.5%) patients died. Only 3 (1.5%) of them were fully vaccinated. Nearly half, 92 (47%) of patients had preexisting comorbidity. The most common comorbidities were diabetes 26 (28.3%), hypertension 23 (25%), and congestive heart failure 18 (19.6%). 33 (71.7%) of dead patients had comorbidity. Factors that were associated with higher odds of mortality were advanced age > = 60 years (AOR 5.3, 95% CI 1.63-17.38), urban residence (AOR 5.2, 95% CI 1.21-22.43), presence of comorbidities (AOR 2.66, 95% CI 1.02-6.99), and severity (AOR 12.93, 95% CI 4.26-39.30).

Conclusions:
COVID-19 patients with chronic non-communicable diseases faced a higher risk of in-hospital mortality. We recommend implementing aggressive preventive strategies including vaccination to combat COVID-19 targeting older adults, urban areas, and patients with chronic diseases comorbidity as a priority.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DYSGLYCEMIA AND ITS POST-SURGICAL RESOLUTION IN PATIENTS WITH PHEOCHROMOCYTOMAS AND PARAGANGLIOMAS
Authors: Zhao Lin , Zhang Ting , Fan Hua , Liu Yecheng , Zhou Xianliang , Zhu Huadong 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are a group of rare neuroendocrine tumors. Dysglycemia has been observed in patients with PPGLs in some small case series. However, few large studies, and none in China, have described the outcomes of dysglycemia after resection, and the factors associated with the development and resolution of dysglycemia in patients with PPGLs.

Design and method:
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of consecutive patients with PPGLs admitted between January 2018 and June 2020. Clinical characteristics were compared between patients with and without dysglycemia. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors and the receiver operating characteristic curves was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the variables.

Results:
Among 163 patients in this study, 47.9% had preoperative dysglycemia. Patients with dysglycemia were older at diagnosis and have a higher proportion of hypertension. The white blood cell count and 24-hour urinary epinephrine (24hU-E) concentration were higher in patients with dysglycemia. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age [odds ratio (OR), 1.040; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.011–1.070; p = 0.006], hypertension (OR, 3.318; 95% CI, 1.375 – 8.009; p = 0.008), and 24hU-E concentration (OR, 1.013; 95% CI, 1.005 –1.022; p = 0.016) were independent predictors of preoperative dysglycemia. Taking age, hypertension and 24hU-E into account in the same model, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model for predicting preoperative dysglycemia was 0.737. The proportion of patients with dysglycemia was significantly decreased after surgery (p < 0.001) and patients with postoperative dysglycemia in remission had larger preoperative tumor diameters (p = 0.005).

Conclusions:
Dysglycemia affects almost half of patients with PPGLs. Age, hypertension, and 24hU-E concentration are predictors of preoperative dysglycemia. Removal of PPGLs can improve dysglycemia in most patients, and the postoperative remission of dysglycemia is associated with the preoperative tumor diameter. These results are of great importance for risk assessment and selection of optimal therapy of dysglycemia in patients with PPGLs.
NET CLINICAL BENEFIT OF DIRECT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS WITH OR WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS: A META-ANALYSIS OF OUTCOME TRIALS
Authors: Drogkaris Sotirios , Thomopoulos Costas , Andrikou Ioannis , Liatakis Ioannis , Tatakis Fotis , Siafi Eirini , Grigoriou Kalliopi , Zammanis Ioannis , Kolokathis Konstantinos , Iliakis Panagiotis , Kariori Maria , Kouremeti Maria , Mantzouranis Manos , Kalos Theodoros , Tsoumpou Ioanna , Leontsinis Ioannis , Chalmoukou Konstantina , Konstantinidis Dimitrios , Tsioufis Konstantinos 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To evaluate the net clinical benefit following direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) vs. warfarin by diabetes status in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Design and method:
We searched 3 electronic databases through end-February 2021 to identify relevant outcome trials in patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). All-cause death, non-fatal stroke/systemic embolism, and major bleeding events defined net clinical benefit. In addition, outcome risk ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI), and absolute risk outcome reduction per 1000 treated patients were assessed.

Results:
Four trials of DOACs vs. warfarin compared 22,087 patients with DM to 49,592 patients without DM. CHADS2 and 10-year fatal cardiovascular risk were higher in patients with vs. those without DM (3.7 vs. 2.5 and 28.4% vs. 23.4%, respectively). DOACs were associated with more favorable net clinical benefit compared to warfarin in patients with and without DM (relative risk reduction, 0.85 [95% CI] and 0.87 [95% CI]; absolute risk reduction per 1000 patients treated, 33 [95% CI] and 24 [95% CI}. However, the interaction test was not significant by relative and absolute numbers (P = 0.68 and P = 0.44, respectively).

Conclusions:
The net clinical benefit following DOACs was not different between patients with and without DM over 2.2 years.
ASSOCIATION OF AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE PARAMETERS WITH CAROTID DAMAGE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE-2 DIABETES/PRE-DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION
Authors: Menti Ariadni , Kollias Anastasios , Kyriakoulis Konstantinos , Ntousopoulos Vasileios , Bountzona Ioanna , Theodosiadi Aikaterini , Stathopoulou Panagiota , Ntineri Angeliki , Stergiou George S. 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
This study investigated the association between ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) parameters and carotid damage in patients with type-2 diabetes/pre-diabetes and hypertension.

Design and method:
Adults with hypertension and type-2 diabetes/prediabetes were subjected to (i) 24-hour ABP monitoring (20 min intervals, Microlife WatchBPO3) and (ii) estimation of preclinical carotid damage (ultrasound carotid intima-media thickness [cIMT] and carotid plaque score [CPS]). BP variability was quantified using the standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV).

Results:
Seventy individuals were analyzed [age 65.2±9.7 years, 47 men, body mass index (BMI) 31.6±4.8 kg/m2, HbA1c 6.6±0.8%, 86% diabetics, average 24-hour ABP (systolic/diastolic) 123±12/69±7 mmHg, cIMT 0.8±0.2 mm, CPS 5.4±4.7 mm]. There was a significant correlation between 24-hour/daytime systolic ABP and cIMT (r = 0.34/0.34 respectively, p<0.01) and CPS (r = 0.26/0.25 respectively, p<0.05). 24-hour/daytime/nighttime pulse pressure was associated with cIMT (r = 0.39/0.41/0.28 respectively, p<0.05) and CPS (r = 0.26/0.28/0.23, p< = 0.05). No significant association was found between indices of carotid damage and SD or CV of systolic ABP. Stepwise multivariable regression analysis with age, sex, BMI, smoking and daytime pulse pressure as independent variables, revealed that cIMT was determined by the daytime pulse pressure and age (R2 = 0.27), whereas CPS was determined by daytime pulse pressure and smoking (R2 = 0.23).

Conclusions:
These preliminary data suggest that in patients with type-2 diabetes/pre-diabetes and hypertension ambulatory pulse pressure might have a critical role in the development of carotid damage.
RESTRICTED PROTEOLIS AND OXIDIZING MODIFICATION OF PROTEINS IN HEPATOCYATES OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES AND TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Semianiv Ihor , Todoriko Liliia , Semianiv Marianna , Sukholitky Yuriy 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
The objective of the work is to investigate the oxidative modification of proteins and limited proteolysis in hepatocytes in patients with diabetes and pulmonary tuberculosis.

Design and method:
A prospective pathomorphological study of 60 cases of death of patients who died of various causes, in which in the final clinical and pathologoanatomical diagnosis as the main disease appeared pulmonary tuberculosis. Depending on clinical forms and variants of tuberculosis, the main group was divided into three subgroups.

Results:
An important role in the pathogenesis of the formation of both diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis play an impairment of immune homeostasis, especially in patients with expressive symptoms of exacerbation of the disease and prolonged relapse. Oxidative stress leads to an increase in the production of active forms of oxygen and as a consequence - oxidation modification of proteins (OMB): their aggregation and fragmentation, which is accompanied by irreversible changes in the physical, chemical and biological properties of the protein molecule.
Taking into account the different functional activity of hepatocytes of different zones of the acinus (according to Rappoport) according to their own research, the R / B coefficient (specific coloration on acid and main proteins for Michel Calvo) and average values of relative units of optical density of a specific color on the free amino group of proteins for A. Yasuma and T. Ichikava were determined separately in the hepatocytes of the first, second and third zones and established the linear nature of the increase in the intensity of the oxidative modification of proteins and limited proteolysis from the 1st to the 3rd zone (from peripartal to centrolobular branches of acinus) in patients with resistant forms of tuberculosis.

Conclusions:
Diabetes mellitus in patients with lung tuberculosis leads to increased processes of free radical oxidation of proteins with characteristic effects - increased proteolysis and oxidation of amino groups of proteins – in hepatocytes of the liver.
SEPTAL AND LEFT ATRIAL VOLUME INDEX AS PREDICTORS FOR HFPEF AMONGST TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Authors: Radzi Ahmad Bakhtiar Md , Kasim Sazzli Shahlan 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and determination of risk factors of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) diagnosed based on the consensus recommendation from the Heart Failure Association (HFA) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 2019 in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Malaysia.

Design and method:
We conducted a cross sectional study on patients with T2DM of more than 18 years old that were under Hospital UiTM follow-up from December 2021 until May 2021 (6 month). The participants were chosen via simple random sampling. Data's on demographic data, comorbid profile, symptoms and clinical examination including vitals sign, chemical profile and proceed with echocardiography and NTproBNP test to diagnosed HFpEF.

Results:
201 diabetic patients were recruited and screened for HFpEF. 40 patients were confirmed with the diagnosis of HFpEF. Mean age was 61 ± 5.4 years. A significant difference in mean septal e’ was found between diabetic patients with HFpEF (5.5 ± 1.5 cm/s) and non-heart failure subjects (7.6 ± 1.0 cm/s)(p<0.001, 95% CI -2.40,-1.49). There was also significant difference in mean left atrial volume index (LAVI) between diabetic patients with HFpEF (35.5 ± 1.5 ml/m2) and non-heart failure subjects (28.6 ± 1.0 ml/m2)(p<0.001, 95% CI -2.50,-1.33). A stepwise increase in cortisol level corresponding to NTproBNP was observed(p<0.061). Basal septal hypertrophy was seen in 30% of HFpEF diabetic patients (p<0.081). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed septal e’ and LAVI as independent predictors of HFpEF in diabetic patients (r2 = 0.249, p<0.001).

Conclusions:
One fifth of diabetic population had HFpEF and specific echocardiography parameters including septal e’ and LAVI were predictors for HFpEF. Emerging early imaging and chemical biomarkers for HFpEF such as basal septal hypertrophy and cortisol should be further studied.