bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodic solutions of second‐order degenerate differential equations with infinite delay in Banach spaces
Authors: Bu Shangquan , Cai Gang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe consider the well‐posedness of the second‐order degenerate differential equations
with infinite delay on [0, 2π] in Lebesgue–Bochner spaces and periodic Besov spaces , where , and M are closed linear operators in a Banach space X satisfying and the kernels . Using known operator‐valued Fourier multiplier theorems, we are able to give necessary and sufficient conditions for the well‐posedness of (P) in and . These results are applied to examine some concrete examples.
Study on corrosion resistance of aluminium coating deposited on magnesium‐zinc‐yttrium‐calcium alloy by cold spray
Authors: Wang M. , Yu B. , Chang D. , Zheng L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPure aluminium coatings were prepared on magnesium‐zinc‐yttrium‐calcium alloy substrate via cold spraying technology with different scanning speeds and working gas temperature. The correlation between the corrosion resistance of the coatings and the different spraying process was studied. While the working gas temperature is 600 °C and the scanning speed is 1 mm/s, aluminium coating has less porosity and the coating was well combined with the substrate. Higher temperature of working gas increases the plastic deformation of particles, which lead to a dense aluminium coating. The relationship of corrosion resistance on working gas temperature and scanning speed of aluminium coatings has also been investigated by immersion corrosion test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic techniques. The results show that the cold sprayed aluminium coatings revealed a lower porosity and higher corrosion resistance with the decreasing scanning speed and the increasing temperature of working gas. The porosity and corrosion current densities were 0.938 vol.% and 2.427 ⋅ 10−6 A/cm2. The experimental results show that the aluminium coating prepared by cold spraying has a good protective effect on magnesium alloy.
Development of micro‐form‐fitted amorphous thermoplast/light metal hybrid components
Authors: Wurzbacher S. , Mascher M. , Wagner P. , van der Straeten K. , Jüptner U. , Hopmann C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn order to meet the high demands on tolerances and surface qualities, for example in automotive lighting applications, a hybrid part composed of a light metal (aluminium) and an amorphous thermoplastic (polycarbonate) could be an alternative to the established mono‐materials used today. Due to the lack of adhesion promoter systems for joining this specific material combination, a micro‐form‐fitted connection by creating undercut microstructures by laser ablation is used to achieve a full‐surface bond. First investigations are carried out to ensure the filling of these microstructures with different polycarbonate moulding compounds by over moulding in the injection moulding process. Subsequently, the influence of the moulding compound, the structure arrangement and the influence of a pickling treatment on the bond strength are analysed by tensile shear testing.
A novel equal channel angular pressing design to eliminate punch deflection and to reduce the pressing force
Authors: Abbaszadeh B. , Sheikhi M. M. , Fallah M. M. , Eskandarzade M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the present study a new design of the equal channel angular pressing die and punch is introduced. The new design eliminates the deflection of the punch and at the same time lowers the frictional forces by reducing the contact area. In order to show the capability of the new design, the Al‐7075 alloy samples were processed in two equal channel angular pressing dies. The measured data for the novel and conventional equal channel angular pressing processes were compared. The microstructure of the processed samples was examined with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results of the experimental study revealed that the novel die can fully eliminate the risk of the punch deflection and simultaneously reduce the maximum required pressing force by about 3.1 % to 9.8 % for 16 % to 40 % reduction in frictional contact surfaces. The analysis of experimental results showed that there is non‐linear relation between the frictional contact area and the pressing load. In addition, it is shown that despites high contact pressures and high temperatures the use of graphite as a lubricant between sliding surfaces can considerably reduce the pressing load.
Formation of the carbonated hydroxyapatite film on Ti‐30Zr‐5Al‐3V bio‐alloy
Authors: Liu K. Y. , Cui J. F. , Liang S. X. , Zhou Y. X. , Yin L. X. , Huang G. W. , Shi Y. D. , Liu X. Y. , Zheng L. Y. , Xing Z. G. , Wang W. J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Ti‐30Zr‐5Al‐3V titanium alloy has an ultra‐low Young's modulus. So, it promises great application potential as a hard‐tissue implanted biomaterial. However, its surface performances need to be improved before clinical applications. In this work, a carbonated hydroxyapatite film is deposited on the surface of Ti‐30Zr‐5Al‐3V bio‐alloy using electrochemical methods. Microstructure, film‐substrate adhesion, and electrochemical corrosion behavior of carbonated hydroxyapatite deposited specimens in Ringer's solution are investigated. A homogeneous, dense, and fully covered carbonated hydroxyapatite film forms on the surface after depositing at 3 V, 90 °C for 120 minutes. The formation mechanism of the carbonated hydroxyapatite film on the micro‐nano structure surface is revealed. The corrosion performance of carbonated hydroxyapatite deposited specimens in Ringer's solution is evaluated by using potentiodynamic polarization curves. The carbonated hydroxyapatite deposition obviously enhanced the corrosion resistance of the Ti‐30Zr‐5Al‐3V bio‐alloy.
Quantified Striatal Dopaminergic Denervation as Predictor for Motor Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Trinh Ilene , Muralidhar Angeni , Yang Justin , Phielipp Nicolás 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundA hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is progressive loss of dopamine terminals in the basal ganglia, with clinical symptoms including motor and non‐motor manifestations such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and cognitive impairment. Dopamine transporter single‐photon emission computed tomography (DaT‐SPECT) can be used to assess dopaminergic denervation by detecting loss of striatal dopamine transporters (DaT).ObjectiveWe examined DaT binding scores’ (DaTbs) association with motor outcomes in PD and explored its usefulness as a predictor of disease progression. Faster dopaminergic denervation in the basal ganglia was hypothesized to have stronger correlation and predictive value for poor motor outcomes.MethodsData was analyzed from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative. DaTbs in the putamen and caudate nucleus were correlated with Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS) scores for walking and balance difficulties, gait difficulties, and presence of dyskinesias. A predictive model using baseline speed of drop in DaT binding score was performed for each motor outcome.ResultsAll motor outcomes had mild, significantly negative correlation with DaTbs in the putamen and caudate nucleus, with similar degree of correlation per region. Speed of drop was predictive of only substantial gait difficulties when evaluated in the putamen but not the caudate.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that analyzing speed of drop in DaTbs, which occurs early in the motor phase of the disease, may be helpful for predicting clinical outcomes in PD. Longer observation of this cohort may provide further data to investigate DaTbs as a prognostic marker in PD.
Scoping Review of Multidisciplinary Care in Tourette Syndrome
Authors: Willford Samantha , Deeb Wissam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo review current multidisciplinary care practices in patients with Tourette syndrome (TS).BackgroundIndividuals with TS can have multiple symptoms and comorbidities and require treatment to encompass all of their needs. A multidisciplinary research or care model approaches the situation/problem from all sides and uses multiple perspectives.MethodsA database search of Medline (using Pubmed), PsychINFO, and Scopus was performed using keywords related to multidisciplinary care and TS. The authors then screened the results for relevant information using a standardized extraction form to collect data. Next, relevant codes from text analysis were extracted with a final list agreed on with author consensus. Finally, we inferred common themes.ResultsThe search revealed 2304 citations, and 87 were selected for full‐text analysis. One additional article was identified by manual search. Thirty‐one citations were deemed relevant. Multidisciplinary team members typically included a psychiatrist or child psychiatrist, a neurologist or child neurologist, and a psychologist or therapist at the core. Four primary benefits were associated with multidisciplinary care: establishing the diagnosis, managing the complexity of TS and its associated comorbidities, averting complications, and evaluating advanced therapies. Limitations include possible poor team dynamics and rigidity in the approach leading to an algorithmic treatment plan.ConclusionsA multidisciplinary care model for TS is the preferred model advocated by patients, physicians, and organizations. This scoping review reveals that the impetus for multidisciplinary care rests on four primary benefits, but there is a lack of empirical evidence for defining and evaluating its use.
Association of Ultra‐Processed Food Intake with Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disease Multimorbidity: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Li Huiping , Li Shu , Yang Hongxi , Zhang Yuan , Ma Yue , Hou Yabing , Zhang Xinyu , Sun Li , Borné Yan , Wang Yaogang 
Published: March 2023

ScopeEvidence suggests a positive association between ultra‐processed food (UPF) consumption and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The study aims to investigate associations between UPF intake and respiratory disease, CVD, and their multimorbidity in a large prospective cohort.Methods and resultsWithin the UK Biobank, participants who are free from respiratory disease or CVD at baseline and completed at least two times 24‐h dietary records are included in this study. After adjusting for socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for each 10% increase in UPF are 1.06 (1.04, 1.09) for CVD, 1.04 (1.02, 1.06) for respiratory disease, 1.15 (1.08, 1.22) for CVD mortality, and 1.06 (1.01, 1.12) for their multimorbidity, respectively. In addition, replacing 20% of UPF weight in diet with an equivalent proportion of unprocessed or minimally processed foods is estimated to be associated with 11% lower risk of CVD, 7% lower risk of respiratory disease, 25% lower risk of CVD mortality, and 11% lower risk of CVD and respiratory disease multimorbidity.ConclusionIn this prospective cohort study, higher consumption of UPF is associated with higher risks of CVD and respiratory disease multimorbidity. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Feasibility study of hybrid inverse planning with transmission beams and single‐energy spread‐out Bragg peaks for proton FLASH radiotherapy
Authors: Ma Chaoqiong , Yang Xiaofeng , Chang Chih‐Wei , Liu Ruirui , Bohannon Duncan , Lin Liyong , Liu Tian , Tian Sibo , Zhou Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundUltra‐high dose rate (FLASH) proton planning with only transmission beams (TBs) has limitations in normal tissue sparing. The single‐energy spread‐out Bragg peaks (SESOBPs) of the FLASH dose rate have been demonstrated feasible for proton FLASH planning.PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of combining TBs and SESOBPs for proton FLASH treatment.MethodsA hybrid inverse optimization method was developed to combine the TBs and SESOBPs (TB‐SESOBP) for FLASH planning. The SESOBPs were generated field‐by‐field from spreading out the BPs by pre‐designed general bar ridge filters (RFs) and placed at the central target by range shifters (RSs) to obtain a uniform dose within the target. The SESOBPs and TBs were fully placed field‐by‐field allowing automatic spot selection and weighting in the optimization process. A spot reduction strategy was conducted in the optimization process to push up the minimum MU/spot assuring the plan deliverability at beam current of 165 nA. The TB‐SESOBP plans were validated in comparison with the TB only (TB‐only) plans and the plans with the combination of TBs and BPs (TB‐BP plans) regarding 3D dose and dose rate (dose‐averaged dose rate) distributions for five lung cases. The FLASH dose rate coverage (V40Gy/s) was evaluated in the structure volume receiving > 10% of the prescription dose.ResultsCompared to the TB‐only plans, the mean spinal cord D1.2cc drastically reduced by 41% (P < 0.05), the mean lung V7Gy and V7.4 Gy moderately reduced by up to 17% (P < 0.05), and the target dose homogeneity slightly increased in the TB‐SESOBP plans. Comparable dose homogeneity was achieved in both TB‐SESOBP and TB‐BP plans. Besides, prominent improvements were achieved in lung sparing for the cases of relatively large targets by the TB‐SESOBP plans compared to the TB‐BP plans. The targets and the skin were fully covered with the FLASH dose rate in all three plans. For the OARs, V40Gy/s = 100% was achieved by the TB‐only plans while V40Gy/s > 85% was obtained by the other two plans.ConclusionWe have demonstrated that the hybrid TB‐SESOBP planning was feasible to achieve FLASH dose rate for proton therapy. With pre‐designed general bar RFs, the hybrid TB‐SESOBP planning could be implemented for proton adaptive FLASH radiotherapy. As an alternative FLASH planning approach to TB‐only planning, the hybrid TB‐SESOBP planning has great potential in dosimetrically improving OAR sparing while maintaining high target dose homogeneity.
Multi‐readout DWI with a reduced FOV for studying the coupling between diffusion and T2* relaxation in the prostate
Authors: Sun Kaibao , Dan Guangyu , Zhong Zheng , Zhou Xiaohong Joe 
Published: March 2023

PurposeTo develop a DWI sequence with multiple readout echo‐trains in a single shot (multi‐readout DWI) over a reduced FOV, and to demonstrate its ability to achieve high data acquisition efficiency in the study of coupling between diffusion and relaxation in the human prostate.MethodsThe proposed multi‐readout DWI sequence plays out multiple EPI readout echo‐trains after a Stejskal‐Tanner diffusion preparation module. Each EPI readout echo‐train corresponded to a distinct effective TE. To maintain a high spatial resolution with a relatively short echo‐train for each readout, a 2D RF pulse was used to limit the FOV. Experiments were performed on the prostate of six healthy subjects to acquire a set of images with three b values (0, 500, and 1000 s/mm2) and three TEs (63.0, 78.8, and 94.6 ms), producing three ADC maps at different TEs and three maps at different b values.ResultsMulti‐readout DWI enabled a threefold acceleration without compromising the spatial resolution when compared with a conventional single‐readout sequence. Images with three b values and three TEs were obtained in 3 min 40 s with an adequate SNR (≥ 26.9). The ADC values (1.45 ± 0.13, 1.52 ± 0.14, and 1.58 ± 0.15 ; P < 0.01) exhibited an increasing trend as TEs increased (63.0 ms, 78.8 ms, and 94.6 ms), whereas values (74.78 ± 13.21, 63.21 ± 7.84, and 56.61 ± 5.05 ms; P < 0.01) decreases as the b values increased (0, 500, and 1000 s/mm2).ConclusionThe multi‐readout DWI sequence over a reduced FOV provides a time‐efficient technique to study the coupling between diffusion and relaxation times.
Bilateral transshipment between competing retailers
Authors: Fu Qi , Liu Liming , Shang Weixin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article investigates whether and how competing retailers should transship to each other in overlapping markets where customers encountering stock‐out at one retailer may switch to another. A two‐stage game model is used to examine the inventory and end‐of‐season transshipment decisions. We show that, instead of unconditional full‐transshipment for the case of non‐competing retailers, the stage‐2 optimal transshipment policy consists of no‐transshipment, partial‐transshipment, and full‐transshipment, determined by the interplay of switching probability, transshipment price, and remaining inventory. We find that transshipment dampens (respectively, intensifies) the inventory competition when the transshipment price is viable and below (respectively, above) a threshold. In addition to its inventory pooling effect, transshipment under competition also has a competition effect which is positive when transshipment dampens inventory competition but not too strongly. The option of bilateral transshipment leads to a Pareto improvement for competing retailers, when the competition effect is positive; but even when it is negative, Pareto improvement is still achievable for a wider transshipment price range in which the combined pooling and competition effect is positive. We identify explicitly the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a unique pair of coordinating transshipment prices and provide formulas to compute them.
Model‐based reconstructions for intravoxel incoherent motion and diffusion tensor imaging parameter map estimations
Authors: Rauh Susanne S. , Maier Oliver , Gurney‐Champion Oliver J. , Hooijmans Melissa T. , Stollberger Rudolf , Nederveen Aart J. , Strijkers Gustav J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) facilitate noninvasive quantification of tissue perfusion and diffusion. Both are promising biomarkers in various diseases and a combined acquisition is therefore desirable. This comes with challenges, including noisy parameter maps and long scan times, especially for the perfusion fraction f and pseudo‐diffusion coefficient D*. A model‐based reconstruction has the potential to overcome these challenges. As a first step, our goal was to develop a model‐based reconstruction framework for IVIM and combined IVIM‐DTI parameter estimation. The IVIM and IVIM‐DTI models were implemented in the PyQMRI model‐based reconstruction framework and validated with simulations and in vivo data. Commonly used voxel‐wise nonlinear least‐squares fitting was used as the reference. Simulations with the IVIM and IVIM‐DTI models were performed with 100 noise realizations to assess accuracy and precision. Diffusion‐weighted data were acquired for IVIM reconstruction in the liver (n = 5), as well as for IVIM‐DTI in the kidneys (n = 5) and lower‐leg muscles (n = 6) of healthy volunteers. The median and interquartile range (IQR) values of the IVIM and IVIM‐DTI parameters were compared to assess bias and precision. With model‐based reconstruction, the parameter maps exhibited less noise, which was most pronounced in the f and D* maps, both in the simulations and in vivo. The bias values in the simulations were comparable between model‐based reconstruction and the reference method. The IQR was lower with model‐based reconstruction compared with the reference for all parameters. In conclusion, model‐based reconstruction is feasible for IVIM and IVIM‐DTI and improves the precision of the parameter estimates, particularly for f and D* maps.
Report of Haemophilus Influenzae serotype a intracranial infections in older children
Authors: Probst Varvara , Shahoud Fadi , Osborne Aaron Fletcher , Alvarez Ana , Maraqa Nizar , Mirza Ayesha 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTIntroductionHaemophilus influenzae (Hi) is subdivided into typeable (a–f) and non‐typeable groups. Hi serotype b (Hib) has historically been one of the important pathogens responsible for invasive infection. However, after widespread Hib vaccination, the emergence of other Hi serotypes, specifically Hi serotype a (Hia), was noted during the last few decades, mostly in children younger than 5 years of age.Case presentationWe present two cases of severe intracranial infections with detected Hia in patients > 5 years of age within a short time frame and within the same geographic area.ConclusionEpidemiological studies and surveillance on Hia‐related illnesses in all age groups worldwide are needed to better understand the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Hia. This can establish a platform to develop a candidate vaccine against Hia that might protect children of all ages.
Synthesis and applications of polymer cubosomes and hexosomes
Authors: Grandes Reyes Carlos Fitzgerald , Ha Sungmin , Kim Kyoung Taek 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe synthesis and use of polymer cubosomes have received significant attention in recent years. Polymer cubosomes are highly stable colloidal particles with triply periodic minimal surface. Inherently, polymer cubosomes have several advantages over other nanostructures like micelles and vesicles as they are quite uniform and porous structures. Due to the large specific surface area of the interior and bicontinuous nature, they have the capacity to load significant amounts of hydrophobic and hydrophilic substances. Additionally, their properties make them suitable for use as nanotemplates, catalyst supports, and nanovehicles for the separation and regulated release of biomolecules. Regarding their synthesis, block copolymers that may form cubosomes are still few in number, in part because different block copolymers require various self‐assembly conditions. In order to create polymer cubosomes, five different self‐assembly techniques have been reported, including the co‐solvent method, flash nanoprecipitation, evaporation‐induced self‐assembly, solvent‐diffusion‐evaporation‐mediated self‐assembly, and polymerization‐induced self‐assembly. This review article describes various synthetic techniques for creating polymer cubosomes and goes into further depth on recent uses for polymer cubosomes. It is anticipated that this article may offer some helpful guidance to researchers interested in the different applications of polymer cubosomes.
Enhancement of the drug sensitization of cancer cells by plasma‐activated saline
Authors: Xu Han , Wei Zipeng , Huang Yihong , Xu Hancheng , Li Bo , Zhang Hao , Xie Kai , Shao Mingxu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPlasma‐activated solutions have promising applications in the biomedical field. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of plasma‐activated saline (PAS) for enhancing drug sensitivity in drug‐resistant cancer cells. Our data illustrated that He + air plasma jet irradiation can generate a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species in saline. In vitro studies found that the addition of PAS to cell culture medium effectively enhanced the sensitivity of drug‐resistant cancer cells, thereby inducing complete inactivation of cancer cells by significantly increasing intracellular ROS levels in response to treatment with anticancer drugs. The results indicate that the synergistic effects of PAS and drugs could highlight a promising option for the future treatment of drug‐resistant cancer cells.