bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micro-RNA: A potential screening marker for latent tuberculosis
Authors: Sharma Anuradha , Srivastava Priyanshu , Sharma Aditi , Sharma Madhu , Vashisht Pushkar , Sawhney Manisha 
Published: April 2023

An ancient disease, Tuberculosis is one of the most challenging infectious disease contributing to mortality and morbidity worldwide. Tuberculosis elimination globally, by 2050, is a mammoth task as Mycobacterial infections have wide range of presentation, from the clinical to the subclinical or latent and pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The virulence as well as evading property of Mycobacterium tuberculosisMtb) from the host's immune system confers upon it the ability to remain latent in the host cells. This forms the basis of classification of tuberculosis patient as having latent-TBI or active TB. This review focuses on the role of miRNA as biomarkers of LTBI. The aim is to have an overview of the current knowledge about miRNA, its involvement in TB pathogenesis and its role as a reliable tool for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis.miRNA are non-encoding endogenous RNAs which regulate gene expression by directing their target RNA for degradation or translational repression. Degraded RNA are released in the extracellular milieu, are present in various body fluids, such as blood, saliva, and urine, and are biomarkers for a number of diseases including cancer, Parkinsons’ disease, CAD, liver diseases, TB and other infectious diseases. miRNAs are differentially expressed during active TB and LTBI, and therefore can be used as biomarkers of disease progression and response to anti-TB therapy. This will further permit more specific therapeutic interventions in TB management. A thorough search of available literature resources was performed on online databases such as Google Scholar, NCBI, Nature, Research gate, PubMed, Science Direct. It was found that miRNA are promising biomarkers to identify healthy latent TB individuals for further course of action and can be reliable tools for routine use in current clinical practice for specific therapeutic interventions to limit active TB population. They meet the criteria of ideal biomarkers, such as minimally invasive, accessibility, high specificity, and sensitivity.
ESG policy of Russia in the context of social and public transformations
Authors: Yakutseny S. P. 
Published: April 2023

Aim. The purpose of the study is to summarize open materials on the formation of the global ESG policy, as well as to analyze these materials and develop proposals for changing the Russian ESG policy under conditions formed from outside socio-political risks.Methodology. Legal documents on the organizational design of the ESG agenda of world politics are analyzed in detail. Market capitalizations of the world’s leading companies are compared and existing procedures for determining their success are evaluated. Applicability and usefulness of ESG management in the Russian Federation are determined.Results. State ESG management is optimal for the Russian Federation. ESG management is implemented through an objective calculation of the utility and cost of each natural resource of a region and a country; through determining the feasibility of the natural resource use in the current time or in the planned future; through a comparison with the efficiency of using other natural resources; through ensuring the preservation or restoration of an environment favorable for Russian citizens; and through constant open explanation to the citizens of the Russian Federation of the decisions made in the field of nature management.Research implications. The paper shows the feasibility of using a well-developed international ESG management mechanism after necessary changes are introduced to the system of public administration of the Russian Federation.
Assessment of Permissible Phosphorus Loads on Lake Basins
Authors: Frumin G. T. , Kulinkovich A. V. , Malikov U. M. 
Published: April 2023

Aim. The purpose is to assess allowable phosphorus loads on lake basins.Methodology. For 18 large lakes located in Russia, Sweden, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Norway, and Estonia, we estimate values of allowable phosphorus loads, allowing them to remain in an oligotrophic status. The considered lakes significantly differ in water surface areas (by 121.2 times), volume (by 1197.4 times) and average depth (by 63 times). For calculations, the method of P. A. Lozovik, the distinctive feature of which, compared with the traditionally used methods of Follenweider and Follenweider and Dillon, is that it comprehensively takes into account not only the morphometric (average depth, surface area) and hydrological (time of complete water exchange) characteristics of a water body, but also its assimilation (self-cleaning) ability in relation to phosphorus compounds. For the convenience of calculations, we used our program “Program for calculating the allowable phosphorus loads on freshwater lakes”1.Results. In a number of cases, the lack of initial hydrological data, especially on water runoff from lakes, does not allow the wide use of P. A. Lozovik’s method. Taking into account that the lake and its watershed are a single natural system, a hypothesis is formulated about the possible existence of a quantitative relationship between the values of permissible phosphorus loads on lakes and the areas of their watersheds. On the example of 18 large lakes, a statistically significant relationship was established between the natural logarithms of the allowable phosphorus loads on these lakes and their catchment areas. The revealed relationship is adequate, characterized by a high closeness of the relationship between the variables on the Chaddock scale and is suitable for predicting the allowable phosphorus loads on lakes and reservoirs. Approximate values of permissible phosphorus loads on three large lakes of the Vologda region and eight large lakes of the Murmansk region were calculated.Research implications. The revealed quantitative ratios allow environmental authorities and specialists to improve the efficiency and reliability of decisions made on the required level of deeutrophication of the lakes under consideration by reducing the anthropogenic phosphorus load with runoff from point and diffuse sources.
Land use of post-mining sites: Japan’s experience and lessons for Russia
Authors: Litvinenko T. V. , Wada Yoshihiko 
Published: April 2023

Aim. The purpose of this study is to identify local features and differences in the usage of mining heritage in Japan and their determining factors.Methodology. Use is made of the implication of comparative geographical and expeditionary research methods to identify and compare the usage of former mining sites in Kamaishi and Asio. Results. Uses of former resource extraction sites such as establishment of mine museums, tourism development, and organization of ecological and educational activities are revealed in Kamaishi (Iwate Prefecture) and Ashio (Tochigi Prefecture). The location of the object and its history as well as the interests of the company and local communities determine the specifics of options in using and preserving the mining heritage. The conclusion is made about possibilities of the Japanese experience application in densely populated territories of Russia with good transport accessibility. But there are usage limitations of such an experience in poorly developed and remote areas in the north and east of the country.Research implications. The research results deepen the understanding of the diversity of mining heritage usage in all over the world and clarify the factors affecting local specifics. The practical significance lies in the application of Japan’s experience for organization of tourist and museum activities in the areas of former mining sites in Russia and other countries.
The External, Internal Factor and Ecosystem Services to Support Mangrove Rehabilitation Planning in North Coast of Jakarta
Authors: Hilmi Endang , Usman Uus , Iqbal Achmad 
Published: April 2023

The mangrove ecosystem on North Coast of Jakarta has many services and function both of ecology, social and economic function and services, including the tidal flooding reduction, land subsidence reduction, pollution reduction, ecotourism and others. However, the mangrove ecosystem in North Coast of Jakarta Mangroves are being badly damaged, so require effort and activity to rehabilitate. This research aimed to develop rehabilitation strategy of mangrove ecosystem in North Coast of Jakarta to reduce coastal disaster and to support ecosystem services. The methods of this research used IFAS, EFAS analysis and Buchard analysis. The results showed that the ecosystem services of mangrove ecosystem were are ecotourism, conservation, wildlife reserves, reduction of tidal flooding, abrasion and accretion, reduction of intrusion, reduction of land subsidence, economic income, fishing and fishpond activities, pond activities, and social benefits. The strategy of mangrove rehabilitation was weakness-opportunity strategy (minimalizing weakness, taking advantage of opportunities, and avoid threats. The strategies of mangrove rehabilitation plaaning were mangrove rehabilitation, mangrove revitalization, support creative economy, developing greenbelt, increasing human resources and developing blue carbon
Cultured Meat Safety Research Priorities: Regulatory and Governmental Perspectives
Authors: Ong Kimberly J. , Tejeda-Saldana Yadira , Duffy Breanna , Holmes Dwayne , Kukk Kora , Shatkin Jo Anne 
Published: April 2023

As with every new technology, safety demonstration is a critical component of bringing products to market and gaining public acceptance for cultured meat and seafood. This manuscript develops research priorities from the findings from a series of interviews and workshops with governmental scientists and regulators from food safety agencies in fifteen jurisdictions globally. The interviews and workshops aimed to identify the key safety questions and priority areas of research. Participants raised questions about which aspects of cultured meat and seafood production are novel, and the implications of the paucity of public information on the topic. Novel parameters and targets may require the development of new analytical methods or adaptation and validation of existing ones, including for a diversity of product types and processes. Participants emphasized that data sharing of these efforts would be valuable, similar to those already developed and used in the food and pharmaceutical fields. Contributions to such databases from the private and public sectors would speed general understanding as well as efforts to make evaluations more efficient. In turn, these resources, combined with transparent risk assessment, will be critical elements of building consumer trust in cultured meat and seafood products.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF ACTIVE SHIELDING OF THE EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD OF BUILT-IN TRANSFORMER SUBSTATIONS WITH A POWER UP TO 1260 kVA
Authors: Kundius Kateryna 
Published: April 2023

In the article, based on the developed methods of calculating the magnetic field and synthesis active screening system of the magnetic field of transformer substations, the possibility of mitigation the induction of the magnetic field to the level of sanitary standards in a living space located near a transformer substation with a power of up to 100 kVA using the active loop. The substantiation was performed theoretically on a computer model and experimentally on a laboratory model of a transformer substation and an active shielding system. The synthesis of active screening system of the magnetic field of a transformer substation with a power of 1260 kVA was carried out, and the possibility of mitigation the induction of the magnetic field in a living space to the reference levels by means of an active screening system with four active loops. A comparison of the efficiency of the developed systems of active screening of the magnetic field of transformer substations with known methods of passive shielding and methods of improving the design of transformer substations was carried out. For the first time, the sufficiency of using passive shielding methods for the power of transformer substations up to 300 kVA, methods for improving the design for the power of transformer substations up to 600 kVA and the method of active shielding for the power of transformer substations up to 1260 kVA are substantiated. The method of active shielding is universal and allows you to mitigate the magnetic field without interfering with the design of the transformer substation. Recommendations for the use of magnetic field mitigation methods in living spaces from built-in standard transformer substations with a power of 100–1260 kVA have been developed.
Formação da Agenda do Orçamento Participativo Híbrido de Volta Redonda-RJ à luz do Modelo de Múltiplos Fluxos
Authors: Pedrosa de Oliveira Ana Claudia , Delgado Barbosa Julia , Kronemberger Thais Soares 
Published: April 2023

Objetivo da pesquisa: analisar a inserção do Orçamento Participativo Híbrido (OPH) do município de Volta Redonda-RJ na agenda governamental pelo modelo de Múltiplos Fluxos, a fim de identificar os fatores que levaram essa questão à agenda de governo, os atores envolvidos no processo e o contexto político que viabilizou a política pública.
Enquadramento teórico: adota-se o referencial teórico sobre agenda de políticas públicas, especialmente, o modelo de Múltiplos Fluxos. Discute-se também, o Orçamento Participativo, suas potencialidades e entraves, assim como a interface com a gestão social.
Metodologia: estudo de caso único com coleta de dados pelas técnicas bibliográfica, documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas. O tratamento de dados foi realizado de forma qualitativa pela aplicação do modelo de Múltiplos Fluxos em três dimensões de análise.
Resultados: o OPH foi uma tentativa de ampliar a participação e diversificar a representação para além das associações de bairro. A vitória eleitoral de um candidato outsider em 2016 e a nomeação do Secretário de Planejamento, identificado como o empreendedor da política responsável pela defesa e reformulação do OP, são os principais fatores que explicam a formação da agenda.
Originalidade: adoção de um modelo teórico que considera aspectos da dinâmica política e dos atores na análise da agenda governamental, a partir da escolha de um objeto de estudo característico da gestão social.
Contribuições teóricas e práticas: compreensão sobre os fluxos de problemas, soluções e políticos incluindo sua convergência na formação da agenda em uma política participativa.

Palavras-chave:Orçamento participativo, Modelo de múltiplos fluxos, Formação da agenda.
Design and Mathematical Analysis of Hexagonal 16QAM Green Structure Using Silicon Micro-ring Modulator
Authors: Sinha Nitish , Singha Satyabrata , Bhowmik Bishanka Brata , Ghosh Manthan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We propose a hexagonal 16QAM modulator based on compact microring resonators and validated through simulation and theoretical analysis. We have also analyzed the constellation points and calculated the mathematical equation for each of the constellation points. Equidistant symbols of hexagonal architecture have the advantage of a higher symbol detection margin compared to the classical 16QAM modulation format. A bit error rate (BER) of 10−3 is achieved at 16.5 dB optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR).
Fuzzy C-Means Clustering for Tennis Multivariate Time-Series
Authors: Skublewska-Paszkowska Maria , Karczmarek Paweł , Powroznik Pawel , Lukasik Edyta , Smolka Jakub 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Creating the proper player profile in training is crucial for athlete development. Although there is a great number of studies concerning this subject, there is no solution that would allow to model it in a convenient way. Applying fuzzy modelling clustering can be useful in this field. Moreover, the application of sophisticated acquisition techniques, like motion capture systems, allow ones to obtain accurate data corresponding to athlete’s movement in the form of a multivariate time series. In this study, the authors undertook the task of clustering the most important at the stage of training tennis strokes such as: Forehand, backhand, and volley. They were represented as trajectories of the tennis racket based on four retro-reflective markers attached to it. The FuzzyC-Means algorithm, which utilizes the dynamic time warping-based distance to cluster analysis of tennis strokes, has been applied with success to group various kinds of movement of tennis players. The comprehensive analysis included numerous separate tennis moves and their groups. Various analyses depending on their number have been thoroughly carried out. The obtained results allowed creation of the reference stroke model,which can be used for further examination of the tennis players’performance.
A health-system-embedded deprescribing intervention targeting patients and providers to prevent falls in older adults (STOP-FALLS trial): Study protocol for a pragmatic cluster-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Balderson Benjamin H. , Gray Shelly L. , Fujii Monica M. , Nakata Kanichi G. , Williamson Brian , Cook Andrea J. , Wellman Robert , Theis Mary Kay , Lewis Cara C. , Key Dustin , Phelan Elizabeth A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Central nervous system (CNS) active medications have been consistently linked to falls in older people. However, few randomized trials have evaluated whether CNS-active medication reduction reduces falls and fall-related injuries. The objective of the Reducing CNS-active Medications to Prevent Falls and Injuries in Older Adults (STOP-FALLS) trial is to test the effectiveness of a health-system-embedded deprescribing intervention focused on CNS-active medications on the incidence of medically treated falls among community-dwelling older adults.Methods We will conduct a pragmatic, cluster-randomized, parallel-group, controlled clinical trial within Kaiser Permanente Washington to test the effectiveness of a 12-month deprescribing intervention consisting of: 1) an educational brochure and self-care handouts mailed to older adults prescribed one or more CNS-active medications (aged 60+: opioids, benzodiazepines and Z-drugs; aged 65+: skeletal muscle relaxants, tricyclic antidepressants, and antihistamines) and 2) decision support for their primary health care providers. Outcomes are examined over 18–26 months post-intervention. The primary outcome is first incident (post-baseline) medically treated fall as determined from health plan data. Our sample size calculations ensure at least 80% power to detect a 20% reduction in the rate of medically treated falls for participants receiving care within the intervention (n = 9) versus usual care clinics (n = 9) assuming 18 months of follow-up. Secondary outcomes include medication discontinuation or dose reduction of any target medications. Safety outcomes include serious adverse drug withdrawal events, unintentional overdose, and death. We will also examine medication signetur fields for attempts to decrease medications. We will report factors affecting implementation of the intervention.Discussion The STOP-FALLS trial will provide new information about whether a health-system-embedded deprescribing intervention that targets older participants and their primary care providers reduces medically treated falls and CNS-active medication use. Insights into factors affecting implementation will inform future research and healthcare organizations that may be interested in replicating the intervention.Trial registration: clinicaltrial.gov: NCT05689554, registered 18 January 2023, retrospectively registered.
Statistical Analysis Plan for the Replacing Protein via Enteral Nutrition in a Stepwise Approach in Critically Ill Patients (REPLENISH): A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Arabi Yaseen , Al-Dorzi Hasan M , Aldibaasi Omar , Sadat Musharaf , Jose Jesna , Muharib Dina , Algethamy Haifa , Al-Fares Abdulrahman A , Al-Hameed Fahad , Mady Ahmed , Kharaba Ayman , Bshabshe Ali Al , Maghrabi Khalid , Ghamdi Khalid Al , Rasool Ghulam , AlGhamdi Adnan , Mekhlafi Ghaleb A Al , Chalabi Jamal , AlHumedi Haifa , Sakkijha Maram Hasan , Alamrey Norah Khaled , Askar Amjad Al , Alhutail Rabeah Hamad , Sifaoui Kaouthar , Alqahtani Rakan , Qureshi Ahmed , Hejazi Mohammed Moneer , Arishi Hatim , Qahtani Samah Al , Ghazi Amro Mohammed , Baaziz Saleh T , Azhar Abeer Othman , Azhar Sara Fahad , AlAqeely Mohammed , AlOrabi Ohoud , Al-Muatawa Alia , AlOtaibi Maha , AlGhannem Madiha , Almaani Mohammed , Buabbas Sarah Fadel , Al-Filfil Wadiah Alawi M , AlShahrani Mohammed S , Starkopf Joel , Preiser Jean - Charles , Perner Anders , AlMubarak Jumana Hani , Hazem Wafa Mansoor , Ibrahim Talal , Al-Dawood Abdulaziz 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
The optimal amount and timing of protein intake in critically ill patients are unknown. REPLENISH (Replacing Protein via Enteral Nutrition in a Stepwise Approach in Critically Ill Patients) trial evaluates whether supplemental enteral protein added to standard enteral nutrition to achieve a high amount of enteral protein given from ICU day five until ICU discharge or ICU day 90 as compared to no supplemental enteral protein to achieve a moderate amount of enteral protein would reduce all-cause 90-day mortality in adult critically ill mechanically ventilated patients.
Methods
In this multicenter randomized trial, critically ill patients will be randomized to receive supplemental enteral protein (1.2 g/kg/day) added to standard enteral nutrition to achieve a high amount of enteral protein (range of 2-2.4 g/kg/day) or no supplemental enteral protein to achieve a moderate amount of enteral protein (0.8–1.2 g/kg/day). The primary outcome is 90-day all-cause mortality, and other outcomes include functional and health-related quality-of-life assessments at 90 days. The study sample size of 2502 patients will have 80% power to detect a 5% absolute risk reduction in 90-day mortality from 30–25%. Consistent with international guidelines, this statistical analysis plan specifies the methods for evaluating primary and secondary outcomes and subgroups. Applying this statistical analysis plan to the REPLENISH trial will facilitate unbiased analyses of clinical data.
Conclusion
Ethics approval was obtained from the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (RC19/414/R ). Approvals were also obtained from the institutional review boards of each participating institution. Our findings will be disseminated in an international peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences and meetings
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04475666. Registered on July 17, 2020
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04475666