bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of populations of hemp varieties with different composition of cannabinoid compounds
Authors: Laiko I. M. , Mishchenko S. V. , Kyrychenko H. I. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. To study the biological features of populations of hemp varieties with the absence of narcotic activity – tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) not higher than 0.08 %, but with the presence of non-psychoactive components of cannabinoids: cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabichromene (CBC); cannabigerol (CBG); CBG and CBD. To identify breeding prospects for increasing the content of cannabinoids that have therapeutic properties. Methods. Samples of elite plants were analyzed for cannabinoid content by gas-liquid chromatography (GC Agilent Technologies HP 6890, Series Hewlett Packard). Results. The limits of variation of the population variability of the sign of CBD content of the Medana variety are from 0.0253 to 3.3469 %, 75 % of the plants of which contain CBD in the range of 1.0-2.2 %. Studies of the Vik 2020 hybrid population confirmed a high correlation between CBD and THC and the absence of a relationship between CBD and CBG, THC and CBG. More than 11 % of plants in the population contain CBG from 3.5849 to 4.6207 %. There are no correlations between CBD and CBG, CBD and THC in these plants. The presence of such plants indicates the possibility of further increasing the content of СBG to 8 % and above, without exceeding the THC limit in our country (0.08 %). Conclusions. Conducted research has proven that with the current permissible level of THC, the content of CBD can be increased only to 2.5-3.0 % (Medana variety) through purposeful selection. The hybrid Vik 2020 is especially valuable, because in its population unique plants with the presence of several cannabinoid compounds with a THC content of no more than 0.08 % were found. The obtained valuable breeding material of the Medana variety and the Vik 2020 hybrid is a donor for its inclusion in hybridization and further multi-vector selection in the direction of increasing of the content of CBD, CBC and CBG with the absence of THC.
Sensitivity of Taraxacum officinalis (L.) Weber ex F. H. Wigg Pollen to aerogenic pollution in the conditions of a mega city
Authors: Mazura M. Yu. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. To determine the consequences of the impact of automobile emissions on the environment of the city of Kyiv using the palynological method. Methods. The quality of Taraxacum officinalis (L.) Weber ex F. H. Wigg pollen was determined by the iodine method (Gram staining). All pollen grains without typical signs of morphological structure (that is, all but normally developed) were considered teratomorphic. Results. The effect of aerogenous load on the viability of Taraxacum officinalis plant pollen was studied at test sites of park ecosystems of the city of Kyiv with different traffic intensities and proximity to city highways. It was established that in the conditions of the metropolis under various effects of air pollution, the quality indicators of the pollen of the bioindicator remain high, within 77.79 % (test site No. 1, which is located closest to the highways, where Nox is 2.11 g/s, CH – 2,86 g/s) to 81.77 % (test site No. 2 in Mariinsky Park, which has the best environmental conditions: the mixture of nitrogen oxides is 0.41, which is almost five times less than at test site No. 1 in Peremohy Park). The largest share of teratomorphic pollen (34.98 %) was recorded in T. officinalis plants in Peremogy Park test site No. 1, the smallest (26.86 %) was found in plants growing in Mariinsky Park at test site No. 2. When analyzing the data, it was determined that a high level of inverse correlation has an indicator of the fertility of pollen grains with all investigated components of air pollution (r = from -0.57 – Pb compounds to -0.73 – soot). Conclusions. Therefore, the qualitative indicators of the pollen of the phytoindicator T. officinalis can be recommended for use in the system of ecological monitoring of the environment with different degrees of aerogenic load.
Study of variability alpha-amylase isozymes in wheat varieties of Ukrainian breeding
Authors: Sandetska N. V. , Radchenko O. M. , Sheheda I. N. , Dykun M. O. , Sirant L. V. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. To investigate the variability of alpha-amylase isoenzymes in soft wheat varieties of Ukrainian selection, created by breeding institutions located in different climatic zones (Forest Steppe and Steppe). Methods. Isoenzymes of alpha-amylase were detected by electrophoretic protein separation in a polyacrylamide gel. The fall number on the «Falling Number 1700» was determined. Results. For a representative assessment of the distribution of alpha-amylase isoenzymes, we studied the zoned varieties of common wheat from two breeding centers located in different climatic zones: the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv (Forest-steppe) and the Breeding and Genetics Institute of the National Academy of Sciences, Odessa (Steppe). The variability of wheat grain alpha-amylase was revealed. A search for associations between alpha-amylase variants and resistance to pre-harvest grain germination was conducted. Conclusions. The prevalence of alpha-amylase isoenzyme variants in Ukrainian common wheat varieties was estimated. Among Odessa varieties, the AbCd alpha-amylase variant predominates with a frequency of 50.0 %. AbCd and AbCD phenotypes with a frequency of 38.8 % predominate in the selection varieties of the IFRG of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. It was shown that the genotypes containing the AbCD and ABсD isoenzyme variant are more resistant to pre-harvest germination, and the ABCd and AbcD variants are less resistant to pre-harvest grain germination.
Influence of sodium chloride on morphophysiological characteristics of wheat and maize plants
Authors: Khanishova M. A. , Tagieva K. R. , Azizov I. V. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. The effect of sodium chloride on the physiological and biochemical parameters of wheat and maize genotypes, the identification of salinity-resistant varieties was studied. Wheat and maize plants were grown in pots in the soil with the addition of 0.5 % sodium chloride. To create new salt-tolerant varieties of wheat and maize, a comparative analysis of the morphophysiological parameters plants was carried out. Methods. Morphophysiological parameters such as growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid content, photochemical activty of chloroplasts and PSII activity have been studied in wheat and maize plant. Results. The effect of salt on the amount of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids, which are the main physiological indicators, is manifested in different ways in both plants. When studying salt-tolerance of plants, differences were detected in the relative amounts of chlorophyll (a+b), carotenoids, as well as the photochemical activity of chloroplasts and efficiency of PS 2. Conclusions. Among the varieties, according to all morphophysiological parameters, the most tolerant to the action of salt was the soft wheat variety Mirbashir-128, and the corn hybrid Belaya x Gurur.
Cytogenetic studies in reproductive function disorders: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Huleyuk N. L. , Bezkorovaina H. M. , Zastavna D. V. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. Fertility disorders are one of the most common problems of reproductive medicine. Chromosomal abnormalities play a crucial role in reproductive failure. The main purpose of our study was to determine the types and frequency of chromosomal aberrations in couples with history of infertility. Methods. Karyotyping was performed in 652 couples with reproductive failure between 2004 and 2022, including 203 couples with primary infertility (PI), 240 couples with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and 209 – with sporadic pregnancy loss (SPL). Results. Numerical and structural karyotype abnormalities were detected in 37 (2.84 %) of 1304 individuals with infertility, most frequently in group with PI – 3.4 % and RPL – 3.3 %. Chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 3.1 % woman and 2.6 % men. The most common cytogenetic abnormalities (26 cases of 37; 2 %) are translocations, reciprocal – 18 cases (1.4 %) and Robertsonian – 8 cases (0.6 %). Numerical and structural gonosomal abnormalities were detected in 9 individuals (0.7 %), supernumerary marker chromosome – in 2 (0.14 %). Conclusions. Karyotype abnormalities are most common in individuals with PI and RPL and a occur with the same frequency among women and men. Numerical gonosomal abnormalities were detected only as mosaic form.
Prevalence of PAI-1 675 4G/5G and ACE I/D polymorphic variants in women with recurrent pregnancy losses
Authors: Chorna L. B. , Zastavna D. V. , Makukh H. V. , Kolodiy O. I. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. The present study aimed to assess the distribution of inherited risk factors of thrombophilia among women with RPL. To determine the frequency and distribution of alleles and genotypes of polymorphic loci PAI-1 6754G/5G and ACE I/D among women with RPL. Methods. The study was carried out in a group of 97 women (57 controls and 40 women with RPL). Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were used to identify the polymorphisms. Results. The frequency of 4G allele of PAI-1 675 5G/4G locus was more frequent in the group of women with RPL – 67 %, compared to 54 % in the control group. It was established that the presence of the 4G allele increases the risk of RPL by almost 2 times (Р = 0.01). In the group of women with RPL the frequency of carriers of DD genotype and D allele of ACE gene was higher than in the control group (31 % vs. 19 %), but no significant differences were found. The frequency of women with a combination of 4G4G and DD genotypes of the two studied loci was 16.6 % in the group with RPL versus 2.3 % in the control group. It was shown that the presence of homozygotes for two alleles 4G of the PAI-1 gene and D of the ACE gene leads to an 8-fold increased risk of RPL (OR = 8.6, CI: 0.9841-75.154, P = 0.04). Conclusions. Significance of PAI-1 675 4G/5G and ACE I/D polymorphic variants, especially in combination, in the predisposition to RPL was established.
Obtaining genetically modified winter wheat plants with partial suppression of the prolin dehydrogenase gene
Authors: Dubrovna O. V. , Slyvka L. V. , Velikozhon L. G. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. Production of genetically modified plants of new promising winter wheat genotypes with partial suppression of the proline dehydrogenase gene in in vitro culture and determination of proline content in transgenic and control plants. Methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in culture in vitro, molecular genetic analysis; biochemical determination of proline content; of mathematical statistics. Results. Using the method of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of callus cultures of new promising genotypes of winter wheat, transgenic plants carrying a double-stranded RNA suppressor of the proline dehydrogenase gene were obtained. The frequency of transformation with the use of the LBA 4404 strain in the studied genotypes was 1.7-2.0 %, and with the use of the AGL0 strain, it was 2.0-2.3 %. It was established that plants with reduced activity of proline dehydrogenase are characterized by a significantly higher content of free L-proline compared to the control. Conclusions. The relatively greater efficiency of using the AGL0 strain for obtaining transgenic plants of winter wheat genotypes with partial suppression of the proline dehydrogenase gene in in vitro culture is shown. The presence of a double-stranded RNA suppressor of the ProDH gene in transgenic plants leads to an increase in the level of free L-proline accumulation.
Editorial. Conference proceedings of the 2nd Biennial International Conference for the Craft Sciences—BICCS 2023
Authors: Almevik Gunnar , Brun Géraldine , Palmsköld Anneli , Saltzman Katarina 
Published: September 2023

The papers in this issue comprise the proceedings of the 2nd Biennial International Conference for the Craft Sciences, held 20–22 September 2023 in Mariestad at the Craft Laboratory, affiliated with the Department of Conservation, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. Craft is an integral aspect of daily life and work, activated in all the knowledgeable processes of making and transforming ideas into artefacts and services. Craft is commonly anticipated as a form of production, but it may also be practiced as a social and political activity and as a way of knowing and being in the world. Craft is omnipresent and multi-folded. Consequently, craft research is diverse, conducted across and within different disciplines and academic contexts, and operates with distinct perspectives and approaches.
Influence of engaging female caregivers in households with adolescent girls on adopting equitable family eating practices: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Gulema Hanna , Demissie Meaza , Worku Alemayehu , Assebe Yadeta Tesfaye , Berhane Yemane 
Published: September 2023

Background
In patriarchal societies, female caregivers decide on food allocation within a family based on prevailing gender and age norms, which may lead to inequality that does not favor young adolescent girls. This study evaluated the effect of a community-based social norm intervention involving female caregivers in West Hararghe, Ethiopia. The intervention was engaging female caregivers along with other adult influential community members to deliberate and act on food allocation social norms in a process referred to as Social Analysis and Action (SAA).

Method
We used data from a large quasi-experimental study to compare family eating practices between those who participated in the Social Analyses and Action intervention and those who did not. The respondents were female caregivers in households with young adolescent girls (ages 13 and 14 years). The study’s outcome was the practice of family eating together from the same dish. The difference in difference (DID) analysis with the mixed effect logistic regression model was used to examine the effect of the intervention.

Result
The results showed improved family eating practices in both groups, but the improvement was greater in the intervention group. The DID analysis showed an 11.99 percentage points greater improvement in the intervention arm than in the control arm. The mixed-effect regression produced an adjusted odds ratio of 2.08 (95% CI [1.06–4.09]) after controlling selected covariates, p-value 0.033.

Conclusions
The involvement of influential adult community members significantly improves the family practice of eating together in households where adolescent girls are present in our study. The intervention has great potential to minimize household food allocation inequalities and thus improve the nutritional status of young adolescents. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention in different social norm contexts to formulate policy and guidelines for scale-up.
Agroecosystem Sustainability in Forest Dependent Tribal Villages in Odisha, Eastern India
Authors: Nayak B. K. , Mishra M. K. , Upadhyay V. P. 
Published: September 2023

The present study was carried out in Niyamgiri hills inhabited by primitive Dongaria tribes in Odisha to assess present state of socioeconomic components of village and efficiency and viability of production systems at the current level of natural resource dependency and to find out the linkage between human community and forest ecosystem. The study area comprises of eight villages where human population varies from 83 to 312 in uphill villages and 76 to 150 in foothill villages. The cultivated area ranges from 3.37% to 18.85% of the total village geographical area with per capita cultivated area 0.117 to 0.329 ha.. The quality of forest has been affected due to absolute dependency on resources which calls for taking appropriate step to enhance forest productivity. All villages depend on rain fed agriculture, natural stream water is used to cultivate paddy in valleys, shifting (Podu) cultivation practiced in uphill areas, mid hill orchards below the Podu area and home garden adjoining habitation. Cereals, pulses and oil seeds are grown together in Podu areas. Maize is a major cereal as staple food grown in uphill villages. The village productivity of Millets, legumes and paddy is much lower than other settled agriculture areas of the state. The home garden areas are grown with vegetables and cereals especially for domestic use. However, vegetables like Tomato, Brinjal, Bin, Sweet Potato, Chilly from foothill villages are marketed. Home garden provides variety of requirements to the tribal community round the year. The production of agriculture sub-system is not sufficient to meet the food requirement of villages and rice distributed to villagers meet this gap. However, crops grown as horticulture products (Jackfruit, Pine apple, Banana, Orange, Mango) and a few Millet crops in the uphill villages like minor Millets, are exported to markets for earning money as these are only assets recorded as high energy valued products. Odisha Millet Mission (OMM) may need to provide interventions to these villages with modern approach to increase Millet productivity including improvements in seed quality and health condition of the tribal community. To ensure sustainability of the traditional cultivation and livelihood system, involving the people of these villages in forest-based activities other than agriculture will lead to protecting the indigenous biodiversity of this region.
Effect of Bio-Agents and Elicitors on Alternaria brassicae of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Barath B.  , Ann Rose J.  , Zacharia Sunil 
Published: September 2023

Rapeseed-mustard is one of the major oilseed crops cultivated in India. Alternaria brassicae is the most destructive pathogen of oilseeds. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of bio-agents and elicitors on Alternaria brassicae of mustard in vitro using dual culture technique and poison food technique in completely randomized design (CRD). The study was conducted at the Department of Plant Pathology Laboratory, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj. The results revealed that among bio-agents, Trichoderma viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (87.70mm) recorded the maximum per cent inhibition of mycelial growth of Alternaria brassicae, followed by Trichoderma viride (82.60mm). Among elicitors, the maximum per cent inhibition of the pathogen was recorded by salicylic acid at 150 ppm (75.33%), followed by salicylic acid at 100 ppm (58.69%).
Effect of Spacing and Biofertilizer on Growth and Yield of Greengram (Vigna radiata)
Authors: Chandekar Shrishti Mahima , Umesha C.  
Published: September 2023

The present investigation entitled “Effect of spacing and biofertilizer on growth and yield of greengram (Vigna radiata)”, was conducted during the Kharif season of 2022 at the Crop Research Farm of the Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. The experiment with nine treatments and three replications was laid down in factorial randomized block design. The results showed that pre harvest observations like plant height (42.04cm), dry weight (6.79 g), number of branches (6.18) of plant were higher in T3 i.e. Application of Rhizobium and PSB along with the spacing of 30x10 cm, Number of nodules per plant (6.62) was higher in treatment 2 i.e. Application of PSB along with the spacing of 30x10 cm and the value of the treatment. Post-harvest data indicated that the number of pods/plant (23.74), number of seeds/pod (7.72), test weight (41.30 g), seed yield (1.69 t/ha), biological yield (5.61 t/ha), stover yield (3.83 t/ha) and harvest index (33.37%) were higher in treatment 3 i.e. Application of Rhizobium and PSB along with the spacing of 30x10 cm. The maximum cost of production and gross return was recorded higher under treatment 3 i.e. Application of Rhizobium and PSB along with the spacing of 30x10 cm is INR. 36500/ha and INR. 88500/ha, respectively. The net return (INR. 12500/ha) and B:C Ratio (2:4) was recorded higher under treatment 3 i.e. Application of Rhizobium and PSB along with the spacing of 30x10 cm.
Elevating Sustainable Agriculture: Eco-Friendly Seed Treatments for Enhanced Plant Growth and Yield in Mungbean
Authors: Singh Shreya , Jatav A. L. , Yadav Gaurav , Gupta Harshit 
Published: September 2023

Aims: To study the effect of chemicals, bioagents, botanical and domestically available material on plant growth, yield and yield attributing traits in mungbean var. Sweta.
Study Design: The field experiment was conducted in Randomised Block Design.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Student Instruction Farm, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur U.P during Zaid 2021 and Zaid 2022.
Methodology: The seeds of mungbean var. Sweta were treated with Rhizobium @25 g/kg (T1), Trichoderma @10 g/kg (T2), Cypermethrin @3 g/kg (T3), Bavistin @3 g/kg (T4), Neem oil @5 ml/kg (T5) and Camphor @4 g/kg (T6) before sowing them in the field. At maturity, observations were recorded for plant height (cm), number of root nodules per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight (g) and total seed yield in q/ha, to know the effect of chemicals, bioagents, botanical and domestically available material on growth and seed yield in mungbean var. Sweta.
Results: The treatment T5: Neem oil @ 5 ml/kg seed outperformed all the other treatments in terms of plant height (cm), number of root nodules per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight (g) and total seed yield in q/ha. However, treatment T1: Rhizobium @25 g/kg seed, exhibited superior performance in terms of the number of root nodules per plant when compared to all other treatments.
Conclusion: The transitioning from chemical to natural seed treatment is essential, given its manifold advantages for agriculture, the environment, and human health. Neem oil has eco-friendly pest control and growth-enhancing properties which can fuel this promising shift toward a more sustainable future.
Incidence of Dental Caries in Permanent Mandibular First Molar among North Indian Population
Authors: Handa Aashish , Sandhu Komaldeep Kaur , Bhullar Kanwalpreet Kaur , Goyal Smiley 
Published: September 2023

Dental caries is a multifactorial condition that is influenced by a number of factors, including nutrition, bacteria, saliva, tooth shape, environment, sex, geography, dietary patterns, and genetics. Only a small number of research in India have examined the prevalence of dental caries, particularly in adults.
Aim: The purpose of the current study was to ascertain the incidence of dental caries in left and right mandibular first molars in adults attending the Out Patient Department.
Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional research was done among the 1287 patients. Clinical oral examinations consisted of visual examination and no radiograph was taken for the study. Chi-square test was used to statistically analyse the results. p value of <0.005 was employed throughout the study.
Results: The current study found that the youngest age group (16 to 30 years old) had the significant caries levels, followed by middle-aged and older age groups. In comparison to the right mandibular molar, the left first molar showed a higher prevalence of caries, with males showing a higher rate than females. It also demonstrated that the dental caries prevalence remains high among rural population in comparison to urban population.
Conclusion: Permanent first molar in early age group presented higher caries incidence.This finding can help in formulation of various preventive strategies.