bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paracetamol use and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: A nationwide nested case–control study
Authors: Zheng Guoqiao , Faber Mette Tuxen , Baandrup Louise , Kjær Susanne K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether paracetamol use is associated with a reduced risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).DesignA nationwide nested case–control study.SettingDanish female population.PopulationA total of 9589 EOC cases diagnosed from 2000 to 2019 were age‐matched with 383 549 randomly selected female controls using risk set sampling.MethodsParacetamol use, reproductive history, history of medication and history of surgery were retrieved from Danish national registers. Paracetamol use was defined as at least two prescriptions for up to 1 year before the index date, and was further classified according to recency, duration, cumulative dose and intensity of dose.Main outcome measuresConditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between paracetamol and EOC risk, overall and by histological subtypes.Results‘Ever’ use of paracetamol was associated with a reduced EOC risk after adjusting for potential confounding factors (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.87–0.97). The association was only significant among recent users (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.84–0.95). The risk declined further with the increasing level of cumulative dose and intensity; women from the group with a high cumulative dose and a high intensity had a 13% (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.80–0.94) and 14% (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.79–0.93) reduced risk, respectively. In the histological subtype analysis, reduced risk with ‘ever’ use was most pronounced for serous and clear cell tumours.ConclusionsParacetamol use was associated with a decreased risk of EOC in a dose–response manner. Future studies are needed to validate the findings and investigate the mechanisms behind the association.
Ethnic Minority Analysts’ Participation in Public Earnings Conference Calls
Authors: FLAM RACHEL W. , GREEN JEREMIAH , LEE JOSHUA A. , SHARP NATHAN Y. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTWe investigate ethnic minority and nonminority sell‐side analysts’ participation in public earnings conference calls. We find that minority analysts are underrepresented in conference call Q&A sessions, and minority analysts who do participate on the calls experience lower levels of prioritization than do nonminority analysts. Minority analysts’ lower participation rates are partially but not fully mediated by characteristics such as experience, work environment, and stock rating favorability. Additionally, firm and conference call fixed effects mediate approximately half the magnitude of lower minority participation rates. Extroverted minority analysts participate at higher rates, but the negative association between minority status and conference call participation is exacerbated when calls are more time constrained, when executive teams are less diverse, and when analysts are from less prestigious brokerage houses. Overall, we document the underrepresentation of minority analysts on earnings conference calls and provide evidence suggesting both analysts’ and managers’ choices influence minority analysts’ participation rates.
Clinical characteristics of moderate or severe COVID‐19 infection in patients with rheumatic diseases and analysis of risk factors leading to severe disease
Authors: Wang Wen , Sun Xiang , Fan Ran , Xu Ling‐xiao , Tang Jian‐ping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the clinical characteristics of rheumatic disease (RD) patients who suffered from moderate or severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection and to evaluate risk factors of COVID‐19 infection in RD patients.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 148 moderate or severe COVID‐19 patients admitted to the First People's Hospital of Suqian Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, including 74 RD patients and 74 non‐RD patients. Clinical data were collected including clinical characteristics and laboratory tests.ResultsThe RD group showed a higher proportion of females with a higher incidence of interstitial lung disease and kidney disease than the non‐RD group. Also, the incidence of fatigue, olfactory dysfunction and musculoskeletal pain was higher in the RD group, but the incidence of cough, wheezing, and fever was lower compared with non‐RD patients. The hospitalized course of the RD group (12.7 days ± 6.55) was significantly longer than that in the non‐RD group (8.07 days ± 3.40). Also, patients in the RD group had higher levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, interleukin (IL)‐2, and IL‐4 than the non‐RD group. The logistic regression analysis showed that dizziness and headache, C‐reactive protein (CRP) > 8 mg/L and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > 248 μ/L were independent risk factors for severe COVID‐19 infections of RD patients.ConclusionRD patients who suffered from moderate or severe COVID‐19 infections have a higher risk of comorbidities, higher levels of inflammation, and longer hospitalized course. Dizziness and headache, CRP > 8 mg/L and LDH > 248 μ/L are risk factors for severe COVID‐19 infections in RD patients.
Spotlighting the imbalance: Gender disparities among speakers and awardees at pediatric emergency medicine conferences
Authors: Reichard Kathleen G. , Levine Deborah A. , Reed Jennifer , Barrick‐Groskopf Lindsey , Bechtel Kirsten , Cooper Gena , Hall Jeannine E. , White Marjorie L. , Langhan Melissa L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are wide variations in the gender makeup of speakers at national pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) conferences with no significant change in recent years.ObjectiveGender disparities exist among national speakers and award recipients. PEM represents the intersection of pediatrics, a female‐dominated specialty with approximately 58% women, and emergency medicine, a male‐dominated specialty. We describe the proportion of women speakers and award recipients at two national PEM conferences, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Section on Emergency Medicine (SOEM) and the Advanced PEM Assembly (APEMA), to the AAP National Conference & Exhibition (NCE), a national pediatric conference.MethodsData from SOEM and APEMA, obtained from 2016 to 2021 were compared to the 2021 NCE. Invited speakers, abstract presenters, and award recipients were identified. Gender was determined by searching each individual's name for self‐identification. Gender proportions were compared across conferences, speaker type, and year.ResultsCompared to the NCE, a significantly smaller proportion of women were invited speakers at APEMA (NCE 59.9% vs. APEMA 38.8%, p < 0.001), but similar proportions of women were invited speakers (53.9%, p = 0.178) and awardees at SOEM (50% vs. 50%, p = 1.0). A larger number of women were SOEM abstract presenters than invited speakers (63.3% vs. 53.9%, p = 0.041). Between 2016 and 2021, the proportion of women invited speakers (SOEM, p = 0.744; APEMA, p = 0.947) or abstract presenters (SOEM, p = 0.632) did not significantly change.ConclusionsCompared to NCE, women are underrepresented as speakers at APEMA, but not at SOEM. Abstract presenters are more likely to be women compared to invited speakers. While awards appear equally distributed, recipients do not mirror the proportion of women in PEM. Conference organizers and leaders in PEM should ensure gender equity in national recognition.
Meta‐ and subpopulation estimation with disparate data: coconut crabs in the Western Indian Ocean
Authors: Caro T. , Rashid R. S. , Zeltman J. , Gierse L.‐M. , Sollmann R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWidely dispersed fragmented populations are a challenge to monitor because subpopulation sizes may be very small, difficult to access and time consuming to sample regularly. We use the coconut crab (Birgus latro) on Pemba, United Republic of Zanzibar as a case study for estimating highly fragmented populations and metapopulation sizes. The species is a very large terrestrial decapod threatened by exploitation and habitat alteration and now classified as vulnerable. We developed an integrated model to analyse capture‐mark‐recapture (CMR) data from five sites jointly with count data from 24 sites to estimate site‐level densities and population sizes, predicted total population size across the Pemba archipelago, and investigated the effect of six predictors of human influence on density. We fitted separate models to test the effect of the same predictors on raw counts and individual body mass. We estimate the total population of coconut crabs on the Pemba archipelago to bec. 6700 terrestrial individuals. We show that government protection generally affects crabs positively, whereas presence of agriculture negatively affects their densities. This study highlights that time‐consuming CMR data can be leveraged to estimate densities on less visited sites, and that fully protected islands are critical for maintaining relatively high population densities. Our overall population estimate suggests that Pemba still hosts a viable coconut crab population in a part of its range where the species is otherwise in steep decline.
“Dancing with Spirits”—Spirit art and spirit‐guided experiential ethnographic techniques
Authors: Moody Gary 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSpiritualist mediums are sought out from a variety of cultures for their advanced spirit communication healing techniques. Otherworldly spirits use mediums to create spirit art, which guides an individual to discover their authentic self and work through self‐limiting beliefs. To serve as a bridge for the spirit world, the medium develops an ability to enter an altered state of consciousness and use a multisensory embodied language to communicate with spirits. I describe this language as “dancing with spirits.” To investigate this language, I use my own spirit art as an innovative experiential ethnographic tool that blends auto‐ethnographic perceptions of spirits with sensory and artistic ethnography, and cultural healing techniques. I provide three case studies of how my spirit art provides unique insights into the less explored experiential dimensions of spirit communication. I layer my experimental ethnographic approach with Deleuze and Guattari's “rhizome” to show that spirit communication overcomes limitations of normal linguistic models. The spirit language serves as a rupture for unconscious forces to offer individually tailored healing and insight to a recipient through heightened sensory and physiological phenomena. Art, altered states of consciousness, and anomalous sensory experiences may offer insights to address a pressing global challenge, mental ill‐health.
Impact of a family‐centred clinical care programme on short‐term outcomes of very low‐birth weight infants
Authors: Pricoco Rafael , Mayer‐Huber Sandra , Paulick Johannes , Benstetter Franz , Zeller Michael , Keller Matthias 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimWe evaluated the effects of a family‐centred clinical care pathway and case management programme on short‐term clinical outcome in a cohort of very low‐birth weight (VLBW) infants.MethodsThe programme, named NeoPAss, was developed at the Department of Neonatology Children's hospital Passau in 2013. Short‐term outcomes of infants were compared to matched controls from the Bavarian neonatology surveillance database before (n = 111; 2008–2012) and after implementation (n = 170; 2014–2017).ResultsAfter implementation the rate of late‐onset sepsis was significantly lower (2.5% vs. 10.7%, p = 0.005) and the length of stay was significantly shorter (VLBW 28 to 31 weeks' gestational age (GA) 47.5 vs. 53.1 days, p = 0.047; <28 weeks' GA 79.4 vs. 91.9 days, p = 0.007) in the intervention group compared to controls. Infants were discharged with significantly lower weight (mean 2351 vs. 2539 g, p = 0.013). There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of intraventricular haemorrhage (3.7% vs. 8.2%), necrotizing enterocolitis (0.6% vs. 1.9%) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (0% vs. 6.9%).ConclusionOur data confirm that of other studies demonstrating a beneficial effect of family‐centred care programmes and provides evidence that structured parental involvement is not associated with increased risk of infection in a VLBW cohort.
Carbon dioxide embolism during transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yap Ralph Victor , Buenafe Alfred Allen , Tankiatsy James , Bejasa Monica Maria , Mahani Ismael Naghizadeh , Calayag Glenford 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe creation of the surgical space in transoral endoscopic thyroid surgery may put the anterior jugular vein at risk for injury and possibly lead to carbon dioxide (CO2) embolism. Although rare, CO2 embolism is potentially fatal. We report a case of a 67‐year‐old female who underwent transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) for a benign thyroid disease. Intraoperatively, the anterior jugular vein was inadvertently lacerated. The end‐tidal (Et)CO2, O2 saturation, heart rate, and blood pressure suddenly decreased. The patient eventually became asystole. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed with a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). We successfully ligated the injured vessel and terminated the procedure. A literature review of CO2 embolism during transoral thyroid surgery is presented, focusing on presentation, management, and prevention. Since TOETVA is still in preliminary clinical application, especially in developing countries, CO2 embolism may not be uncommon during the initial phase of the learning curve. Surgeons and anesthesiologist should be aware of this possibility.
Peripheral macrophages drive CNS disease in the Ndufs4(−/−) model of Leigh syndrome
Authors: Hanaford Allison R. , Khanna Asheema , Truong Vivian , James Katerina , Chen Yihan , Mulholland Michael , Kayser Bernhard , Liao Ryan W. , Sedensky Margaret , Morgan Phil , Baertsch Nathan Andrew , Kalia Vandana , Sarkar Surojit , Johnson Simon C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSubacute necrotizing encephalopathy, or Leigh syndrome (LS), is the most common pediatric presentation of genetic mitochondrial disease. LS is a multi‐system disorder with severe neurologic, metabolic, and musculoskeletal symptoms. The presence of progressive, symmetric, and necrotizing lesions in the brainstem are a defining feature of the disease, and the major cause of morbidity and mortality, but the mechanisms underlying their pathogenesis have been elusive. Recently, we demonstrated that high‐dose pexidartinib, a CSF1R inhibitor, prevents LS CNS lesions and systemic disease in the Ndufs4(−/−) mouse model of LS. While the dose–response in this study implicated peripheral immune cells, the immune populations involved have not yet been elucidated. Here, we used a targeted genetic tool, deletion of the colony‐stimulating Factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) macrophage super‐enhancer FIRE (Csf1rΔFIRE), to specifically deplete microglia and define the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of LS. Homozygosity for the Csf1rΔFIRE allele ablates microglia in both control and Ndufs4(−/−) animals, but onset of CNS lesions and sequalae in the Ndufs4(−/−), including mortality, are only marginally impacted by microglia depletion. The overall development of necrotizing CNS lesions is not altered, though microglia remain absent. Finally, histologic analysis of brainstem lesions provides direct evidence of a causal role for peripheral macrophages in the characteristic CNS lesions. These data demonstrate that peripheral macrophages play a key role in the pathogenesis of disease in the Ndufs4(−/−) model.
‘If my parents find out, I will not see my phone anymore’: Who do children choose to disclose online sexual solicitation to?
Authors: Gemara Netanel , Mishna Faye , Katz Carmit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChild online sexual solicitation has become a significant form of child sexual abuse. Disclosure of online sexual solicitation is a multifaceted and complex process. The role of the disclosure recipient is crucial in the disclosure process, with respect to the initiation of the disclosure, how much children disclose, recantations and the children's well‐being. The current study aimed to explore children's experiences, perceptions, challenges and obstacles regarding disclosing online sexual solicitation as revealed in their forensic interviews. The sample, obtained from the Service of Forensic Interviews with Children in Israel, included 32 Israeli children who were sexually solicited online and participated in forensic interviews. A thematic qualitative methodology was used to analyse the children's narratives. The findings demonstrated that children tend to disclose online sexual solicitation to their peers and not to their parents. The children provided three main reasons for this tendency: sexuality, technology and the recipient's response. The current study's findings highlight the important role of peers in the disclosure process of online sexual solicitation. Moreover, the findings reveal children's difficulties disclosing online sexual solicitation to their parents. Practical implications of children's online sexual solicitation disclosure, future recommendations and study limitations are discussed.
What criteria do foster care workers take into account when recommending foster children's visiting arrangements with their birth parents
Authors: Van Holen Frank , Moens Jordy , Van Hove Lisa , Verheyden Camille , Vanderfaeillie Johan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConcept mapping was used to identify criteria foster care workers in Flanders use to regulate visiting arrangements for birth parents of foster children. A sample of 43 foster care workers were asked to answer in writing the question: ‘What criteria do you take into account when you have to regulate visiting arrangements?’ Fifty unique answers were identified by three researchers. In a second phase, 32 foster care workers individually grouped together the statements that according to them covered the same topic. Furthermore, they were asked to indicate the degree of importance and the difficulty to assess each response on a 7‐point scale. Multidimensional scaling and hierarchic cluster analyses identified five clusters of criteria: child related criteria, attitudes of birth parent(s), criteria related to placement conditions, interaction with birth parents and criteria related to foster parents. Although sometimes differently grouped or named, the criteria mentioned by foster care workers were almost entirely in line with findings from other research. Foster care workers considered most criteria rather easy to assess. However, the more important criteria were (child related criteria and attitudes of birth parent[s]), the more difficult they were considered to assess. Identification of these criteria can help to improve and systemize the decision‐making process.
Toward more equitable ecosystem investment programs—Adaptation and equity are central to the design and functioning of successful water funds
Authors: Bremer Leah L. , Brauman Kate A. , Echavarría Marta 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProjects designed to incentivize ecosystem management for societal benefits are becoming increasingly popular and are often touted as win–win solutions for social and environmental challenges. Yet, there are important concerns about the equity and justice implications of these programs, and there is strong evidence that a lack of attention to justice can exacerbate or create inequities. We focus on water funds, a subset of watershed ecosystem investment programs that are being scaled globally. We specifically discuss how three long‐standing Andean programs have shifted through time toward a greater focus on equity and justice. We argue that these shifts, while imperfect, have been critical to their durability and that, more generally, continued alignment of nature‐based investment programs with broader equity and justice concerns is essential for long‐term durability and success.
Motor training for young children with cerebral palsy: A single‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Prosser Laura A. , Pierce Samuel R. , Skorup Julie A. , Paremski Athylia C. , Alcott Morgan , Bochnak Meghan , Ruwaih Noor , Jawad Abbas F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimTo compare the effect of iMOVE (Intensive Mobility training with Variability and Error) therapy with dose‐matched conventional therapy on gross motor development and secondary outcomes in young children with cerebral palsy.MethodThis single‐blind, randomized controlled trial included repeated assessments of gross motor function (using the Gross Motor Function Measure) and secondary outcomes during a 12‐ to 24‐week intervention phase and at three follow‐up points after treatment. Treatment was delivered three times per week in both groups. Forty‐two children aged 12 to 36 months were stratified by age and motor function to ensure equivalence between groups at baseline.ResultsThirty‐six children completed treatment and follow‐up phases. Treatment fidelity was high and adherence was equivalent between groups (77.3% conventional therapy, 76.2% iMOVE). There were no group differences on the primary (gross motor function after 12 weeks p = 0.18; after 24 weeks p = 0.94) or any secondary (postural control p = 0.88, caregiver satisfaction p = 0.52, child engagement p = 0.98) measure after treatment or at the follow‐up points. However, one‐third of total participants exceeded predicted change after 12 weeks and 77% exceeded predicted change after 24 weeks of treatment.InterpretationOur observations indicate a potential dose–response effect of rehabilitation therapy. We further demonstrated that individual therapeutic ingredients can be manipulated. When delivered consistently, both iMOVE and conventional therapy interventions might both be more effective than standard care.What this paper adds

Those receiving iMOVE therapy demonstrated more independent practice time, error, and child‐initiation than those receiving the dose‐matched control.
iMOVE therapy was not superior to the control (conventional physical) therapy.
Most participants exceeded predicted change after 24 weeks of treatment.
The importance of glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor activation for the effects of tirzepatide
Authors: Gasbjerg Lærke S. , Rosenkilde Mette M. , Meier Juris J. , Holst Jens J. , Knop Filip K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTirzepatide is a unimolecular co‐agonist of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) and glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptors recently approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicine Agency. Tirzepatide treatment results in an unprecedented improvement of glycaemic control and lowering of body weight, but the contribution of the GIP receptor‐activating component of tirzepatide to these effects is uncertain. In this review, we present the current knowledge about the physiological roles of the incretin hormones GLP‐1 and GIP, their receptors, and previous results of co‐targeting the two incretin hormone receptors in humans. We also analyse the molecular pharmacological, preclinical and clinical effects of tirzepatide to discuss the role of GIP receptor activation for the clinical effects of tirzepatide. Based on the available literature on the combination of GLP‐1 and GIP receptor activation, tirzepatide does not seem to have a classical co‐activating mode of action in humans. Rather, in vitro studies of the human GLP‐1 and GIP receptors reveal a biased GLP‐1 receptor activation profile and GIP receptor downregulation. Therefore, we propose three hypotheses for the mode of action of tirzepatide, which can be addressed in future, elaborate clinical trials.