bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic and immune microenvironment characterization of HER2‐positive gastric cancer: Their association with response to trastuzumab‐based treatment
Authors: Kwon Hyun Jung , Park Yujun , Nam Soo Kyung , Kang Enoch , Kim Ka‐Kyung , Jeong Inhae , Kwak Yoonjin , Yoon Jeesun , Kim Tae‐Yong , Lee Keun‐Wook , Oh Do‐Youn , Im Seock‐Ah , Kong Seong‐Ho , Park Do Joong , Lee Hyuk‐Joon , Kim Hyung‐Ho , Yang Han‐Kwang , Lee Hye Seung 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to determine the molecular and immune microenvironment characteristics of HER2‐positive gastric cancer (GC) related to the patient's response to first‐line trastuzumab‐based treatment.MethodsEighty‐three cases of HER2‐positive advanced gastric adenocarcinoma patients treated with trastuzumab were enrolled. Targeted deep sequencing and transcriptome analysis were performed on selected 21 cases (exploration cohort) along with two post‐treatment samples. The results were compared between patients progressed before 6 months (Group 2) and others (Group 1), and were validated by FISH and immunohistochemistry in total cohort. Tumor‐infiltrating immune cells were evaluated using RNA sequencing data and multiplex immunohistochemistry. Progression‐free survival (PFS) analysis was performed.ResultsGroup 1 showed frequent amplification of G1/S cell cycle checkpoint‐related genes and upregulated KEGG pathways related to cell proliferation. In contrast, Group 2 had more frequent EGFR, HER3, and MET amplification and higher RNA expression in immune‐related KEGG pathways than Group 1. In total cohort, significant predictors of better PFS were cell cycle‐related including CCNE1 amplification, Cyclin A and PLK1 overexpression, and decreased Cyclin D3 and HER3 expression (p < 0.05), or immune‐related including high density of CD3−CD57+ NK cells and PD‐L1 combined positive score ≥5 (p < 0.05). The best prognostic predictors were a combination of Cyclin A, Cyclin E, p21, and HER3 (p < 0.001).ConclusionHER2‐positive GC with favorable response to trastuzumab were characterized by cell cycle‐related gene alterations and increased CD3−CD57+ NK cell infiltration. These findings would be helpful to the fine modulation of therapeutic strategies for patients with HER2‐positive GC.
Discovery of New D‐Ring Modified Isosteviol Derivatives as Potent Cardioprotective Agents against Oxidative Stress‐Trigged Damage
Authors: Chen Zhenyu , Xu Ruilong , Jia Qi , Xu Xiaojia , Li Dehuai , Li Zhiyin , Luo Liping , Zhao Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major global health concern, and oxidative stress is known to play a central role in their pathogenesis. The identification of new agents capable of inhibiting oxidative stress presents a promising strategy for preventing and treating CVDs. Natural products and their derivatives offer a valuable source for drug discovery, and isosteviol, a readily available natural product, is known to exhibit cardioprotective effects. In this study, 22 new D‐ring modified isosteviol derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their cardioprotective effect in vivo using the zebrafish cardiomyopathy model. The findings revealed that derivative 4e exhibited the most potent cardioprotective effect, surpassing its parent compound isosteviol and the positive drug levosimendan. At 1 μM, derivative 4e significantly protected the cardiomyocytes from injury, while at 10 μM it effectively maintained normal heart phenotypes, preventing cardiac dysfunction in zebrafish. Further investigation demonstrated that 4e protected cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress‐induced damage by inhibiting reactive oxygen species overaccumulation, activating superoxide dismutase 2 expression, and enhancing the endogenous antioxidant defense system. These results suggest that isosteviol derivatives, particularly 4e, have the potential to serve as a novel class of cardioprotective agents for the prevention and treatment of CVDs.
Characterization of commercial cricket protein powder and impact of cricket protein powder replacement on wheat dough protein composition
Authors: Perez‐Fajardo Mayra , Bean Scott R. , Ioerger Brian , Tilley Michael , Dogan Hulya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSupplementation of foods with insect flours has been shown to be promising for improving the nutritional profile of food products. The objective of this study was to characterize two commercially available cricket protein powders and investigate their impact on molecular weight distribution when incorporated into wheat dough.FindingsCharacterization of commercial cricket protein powders, GrioPro® (G) and Entomo Farms (E) was carried out by size exclusion high‐performance liquid chromatography (SEC‐HPLC), and sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE). The functionality of the cricket protein powders was examined by measuring water holding capacity (WHC) and protein solubility across a range of pH. To see the interactions between the cricket proteins in a food‐based system wheat dough samples containing 10% or 20% replacement levels of the cricket powders were collected at peak torque development and analyzed to SEC‐HPLC to quantify the change in soluble polymeric proteins (SPP) and insoluble polymeric proteins (IPP) and provide information on changes to protein molecular weight distribution. SDS‐PAGE analysis showed bands ranging from 40 kDa to 160 kDa for sample E while sample G had no visible bands either due to poor solubility in SDS‐PAGE sample buffer and/or the presence of very high molecular proteins that did not enter the gel. Sample E absorbed approximately 2.5 times its weight in water, which was significantly lower than G (~3.0 times its weight) while sample G was significantly lower in solubility than E across all pH levels.ConclusionsBoth cricket protein powders increased in WHC and solubility as the pH increased. Wheat dough samples containing sample E had lower peak areas of IPP and no significant difference in SPP peak areas compared to the control. On the other hand, doughs containing sample G had a significant increase in IPP peak areas at the 20% replacement level.Significance and NoveltyThis study shows how the difference in processing changed the functionality of G and E which impacted their interactions when added to a wheat dough‐based system.
Stereoselective Synthesis and Characterization of Indenone Azine‐Based Electron‐Accepting π‐Conjugated Systems
Authors: Takagi Shu I. , Hayakawa Masahiro , Fukazawa Aiko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIndenone azines, in which the exocyclic C=C bond in dibenzopentafulvalene is replaced by an azine moiety (C=N−N=C), have been synthesized as novel electron‐accepting π‐conjugated scaffolds. Structural modulation at the 7,7′‐positions of indenone azines enabled stereoselective syntheses of diastereomers in which the configurations of the two C=N bonds are E,E or Z,Z. X‐ray crystallographic analyses revealed that all the indenone azines exhibit high coplanarity in contrast to the twisted frameworks of dibenzopentafulvalene derivatives, resulting in the formation of densely π‐stacked structures. Electrochemical measurements and quantum chemical calculations revealed the electron‐accepting character of indenone azines comparable to isoindigo dyes. In particular, the intramolecular hydrogen bonds of 7,7′‐dihydroxy‐substituted derivatives impart enhanced electron‐accepting character and significantly red‐shifted photoabsorption. This study demonstrates that indenone azines represent a promising candidate as electron‐accepting building blocks for optoelectronic materials.
Oxidation State Tuning of Room Temperature Phosphorescence and Delayed Fluorescence in Phenothiazine and Phenothiazine‐5,5‐dioxide Dimers
Authors: Wright Iain A. , Etherington Marc K. , Batsanov Andrei S. , Monkman Andrew P. , Bryce Martin R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHeterocyclic dimers consisting of combinations of butterfly‐shaped phenothiazine (PTZ) and its chemically oxidized form phenothiazine‐5,5‐dioxide (PTZ(SO2)) have been synthesized. A twist is imposed across the dimers by ortho‐substituents including methyl ethers, sulfides and sulfones. X‐ray crystallography, cyclic voltammetry and optical spectroscopy, underpinned by computational studies, have been employed to study the interplay between the oxidation state, conformational restriction, and emission mechanisms including thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and room temperature phosphorescence (RTP). While the PTZ(SO2) dimers are simple fluorophores, the presence of PTZ induces triplet‐mediated emission with a mixed PTZ‐PTZ(SO2) dimer displaying concentration dependent hallmarks of both TADF and RTP.
Triboelectric Nanogenerators Assembled by Cobalt(II) Coordination Polymer Incorporated Composite Films and their Application for Self‐Powered Anticorrosion
Authors: Huang Chao , Zhang Sheng , Liu Saiwei , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Ying‐Ying , Mi Liwei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA friction layer with stability and durability is important to promote the practical application of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). In this work, a two‐dimensional cobalt coordination polymer (Co‐CP) was successfully synthesized using cobalt nitrate, 4,4′,4′′‐tricarboxyltriphenylamine and 2,2′‐bipyridine. To clearly clarify the effect of the doping proportions of Co‐CP and the types of composite polymers on the output performance of the TENG, Co‐CP was combined with two organic polymers having different polarities (polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and ethyl cellulose (EC)) to form a series of composite films, which were used as the friction electrode materials to fabricate TENGs. Electrical characterizations indicated that a high output current and voltage were obtained from the TENG based on 15 wt.% Co‐CP incorporated in PVDF (Co‐CP@PVDF), which could be further improved by the Co‐CP@EC composite film at the same doping ratio. Furthermore, the optimally fabricated TENG was demonstrated to prevent electrochemical corrosion of carbon steel.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Enantioselective Ring Opening of 3,4‐Epoxy Amides and Esters with Aromatic Amines
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Tang Wei , Wang Chuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHerein we present a nickel‐catalyzed regio‐ and enantioselective ring opening reaction of 3,4‐epoxy amides and esters with aromatic amines as nucleophiles. This method features high regiocontrol, diastereospecific SN2 reaction pathway, broad substrate scope, and mild reaction conditions, furnishing a wide range of γ‐amino acid derivatives in a highly enantioselective manner. Notably, the selective nucleophilic attack to the C‐4 position of epoxides is controlled by the directing effect of the pendant carbonyl group.
Electrically Heated Oxide Ceramic Tubes for High Temperature Reactions
Authors: Matthies Jörn , Schall Thomas , Pritzkow Walter , Tuttlies Ute , Nieken Ulrich 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEndothermic high temperature reactions are usually carried out in metal tubes heated by gas burners. Electrical heating allows substantial reduction of CO2 emissions. We propose the usage of a composite tube, where a thin metallic layer is embedded between an inner and outer ceramic layer. While monolithic ceramics suffer from brittleness and low tolerance to thermal stress, only the inner layer is made from monolithic ceramics, while the outer layer is made of fiber reinforced oxide ceramics. In first tests the hybrid ceramic tube was electrically heated to 1250 °C with a maximum heat release of 85 kW m−2.
Born global in 1847: International entrepreneurship at Siemens
Authors: Schmidt Heiko M. , Santamaria‐Alvarez Sandra Milena 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe early internationalization of new ventures has been described as a contemporary phenomenon enabled by globalization and digital technologies. However, today's multinational enterprise Siemens, founded in 1847, fits extant definitions of born globals. Based on this historical case, this study seeks to answer the question: What are enduring and contextually invariant aspects of early internationalization processes? An abductive analysis of the company's first 3 decades finds six relevant and emergent themes. We contribute to international entrepreneurship research by presenting evidence that early internationalization is not a new phenomenon, showing support for multiple extant findings, and providing new insights for otherwise underexplored themes. We also provide future research directions regarding personal‐level processes in international new ventures based on the analyzed 30 years.
Impact of turbulence modeling on the simulation of blood flow in aortic coarctation
Authors: Katz Sarah , Caiazzo Alfonso , Moreau Baptiste , Wilbrandt Ulrich , Brüning Jan , Goubergrits Leonid , John Volker 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNumerical simulations of pulsatile blood flow in an aortic coarctation require the use of turbulence modeling. This paper considers three models from the class of large eddy simulation (LES) models (Smagorinsky, Vreman, ‐model) and one model from the class of variational multiscale models (residual‐based) within a finite element framework. The influence of these models on the estimation of clinically relevant biomarkers used to assess the degree of severity of the pathological condition (pressure difference, secondary flow degree, normalized flow displacement, wall shear stress) is investigated in detail. The simulations show that most methods are consistent in terms of severity indicators such as pressure difference and stenotic velocity. Moreover, using second‐order velocity finite elements, different turbulence models might lead to considerably different results concerning other clinically relevant quantities such as wall shear stresses. These differences may be attributed to differences in numerical dissipation introduced by the turbulence models.
Cluster based energy efficient routing protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
Authors: Prashanth G. S. , Manjunatha P. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryWith the advancement in recent technologies, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged to become one of the key research areas. Sensor nodes in WSN are deployed randomly to sense the events that occur in an area. Clustering of sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network will result in better energy efficiency and topology management. In many scenarios, wireless sensor networks are deployed in remote areas and in hostile environments where batteries cannot be recharged or replaceable. In real world applications, heterogeneous sensor nodes with different initial energies in a WSN are more preferable to prolong stability period, network lifetime, and throughput. The main objective of this article is to design and develop a cluster‐based energy efficient routing protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (CEER). The proposed CEER routing protocol is based on the residual energy of all the sensor nodes in each round, distance of each sensor node from the base station, weighted election probabilities and reliability of a sensor node and the network. It is found from the results that, the proposed CEER routing protocol provides better stability, network lifetime, and throughput as compared with the existing routing protocols of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks.
Acetylene‐Mediated Borophosphene Dirac Materials as Efficient Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Esackraj Karthikraja , Nulakani Naga Venkateswara Rao , Choutipalli Venkata Surya Kumar , Chowdhury Chandra , Murugan Palanichamy , Vaidyanathan V. G. , Subramanian Venkatesan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGenerally, graphynes have been generated by the insertion of acetylenic content (−C≡C−) in the graphene network in different ratios. Also, several aesthetically pleasing architectures of two‐dimensional (2D) flatlands have been reported with the incorporation of acetylenic linkers between the heteroatomic constituents. Prompted by the experimental realization of boron phosphide, which has provided new insights on the boron‐pnictogen family, we have modelled novel forms of acetylene‐mediated borophosphene nanosheets by joining the orthorhombic borophosphene stripes with different widths and with different atomic constituents using acetylenic linkers. Structural stabilities and properties of these novel forms have been assessed using first‐principles calculations. Investigation of electronic band structure elucidates that all the novel forms show the linear band crossing closer to the Fermi level at Dirac point with distorted Dirac cones. The linearity in the hole and electronic bands impose the high Fermi velocity to the charge carriers close to that of graphene. Finally, we have also unravelled the propitious features of acetylene‐mediated borophosphene nanosheets as anodes in Li‐ion batteries.
A Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Material Consisting of Two π‐Conjugated Groups
Authors: Li Minjuan , Wang Ziyi , Ahmed Belal , Li Yanqiang , Wang Han , Song Yipeng , Song Xianyu , Kuang Xiaojun , Luo Junhua , Zhao Sangen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work reports a new second‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) material [C(NH2)3]3C3N3S3 (GU3TMT), consisting of π‐conjugated planar (C3N3S3)3− and triangular [C(NH2)3]+ groups. Interestingly, GU3TMT exhibits a large NLO response (2.0×KH2PO4) and moderate birefringence 0.067 at wavelength 550 nm, even though (C3N3S3)3− and [C(NH2)3]+ do not exhibit the most favorable arrangement in the structure of GU3TMT. First‐principles calculations suggest that NLO properties mainly originate from the highly π‐conjugated (C3N3S3)3− rings, and the π‐conjugated [C(NH2)3]+ triangles contribute much less to the overall NLO response. This work will inspire new thoughts with in‐depth on the role of π‐conjugated groups in NLO crystals.
Corporate environmental responsibility in polluting firms: Does digital transformation matter?
Authors: Lin Boqiang , Zhang Qianxiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe motivations for firms to undertake corporate environmental responsibility (CER) have been a hot topic in academia. However, with the rise of the digital economy, it is still been determined whether digital transformation will become a driving force for firms to assume CER. Based on panel data of Chinese listed firms in polluting industries, this article empirically tests whether and how digital transformation affects CER. The results show that digital transformation significantly motivates firms to assume more CER, especially for state‐owned and large‐scale firms and those located in the western region and ordinary‐level cities. The influence mechanism behind the relationship reveals that digital transformation improves financing ability and further encourages firms to assume CER. However, the effect is only short‐term and has no significant influence on the long‐term financing ability. Further research shows that regional differences in environmental governance pressure can strengthen the effect of digital transformation on CER. Our empirical findings provide policy implications for firms' digital transformation and sustainable development.
An efficient wideband cascode class FF−1 Doherty power amplifier with control harmonic impedance inverter for X‐band applications
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Sachin , Kanaujia Binod Kumar 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThis paper presents an efficient Doherty power amplifier (DPA) with optimized harmonic impedance inverter. The proposed design consists of carrier and peaking power amplifiers designed for class F‐ and class F−1‐based operations. Also, multiharmonic non‐uniform stepped‐impedance transmission line‐based input–output matching network is designed for the proposed circuit. The new design maximizes the operating bandwidth by optimizing the control harmonic impedance inverter. The DPA circuit is implemented using the advanced design system simulator, and the chip is made of GaAs 0.25‐μm PHEMT on silicon nitride monolithic microwave integrated circuit die. The fabricated chip exhibits drain efficiency (DE) of 41%–51.5%, power added efficiency of 36.4%–41%, gain of 10.9 dB, and adjacent power leakage ratio of −34.6‐dBc at 30‐dBm peak power. The size of the chip is 2.8 × 1.9 mm2, and it occupies less die area as compared to the existing DPAs.
Electrolytic capacitor‐less reduced power processing single‐phase LED driver with power decoupling using split capacitor
Authors: Pallapati Ramesh Babu , Chinthamalla Ramulu 
Published: March 2023

SummaryLight emitting diode (LED) driver systems are now moving toward reduced processing power to improve conversion efficiency in indoor and outdoor applications. LED drivers connected to a single‐phase supply must meet the requirements for power factor correction with lower input current harmonics to maintain the alternating current (AC) power grid's quality and maintain a constant current through the LED load to eliminate the flickering effect in the light output. An LED driver is required to fulfill these requirements. In this paper, a new reduced processing power LED driver is proposed. By splitting the output capacitor into two capacitors and with the help of hardware design, the processing power can be reduced by using fewer semiconductors than in earlier designs. The proposed driver employs a simple ripple cancellation control approach to eliminate the 100 Hz ripple in the LED load current. Using this principle, an LED driver was designed and tested. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed LED driver achieved an input power factor close to unity with lower input current harmonics and 92.5% of peak efficiency when operating at full power.
A metamaterial‐incorporated wireless power transmission system for efficiency enhancement
Authors: Wang Meng , Guo Jingjing , Shi Yanyan , Wang Mengmeng , Song Guangcheng , Yin Renliang 
Published: March 2023

SummaryIn this paper, an efficient wireless power transmission (WPT) system that incorporates a new negative permeability metamaterial is presented. The operating principle of the metamaterial with negative permeability is first analyzed. To improve transmission efficiency of the WPT system at the operating frequency of 13.56 MHz, a new metamaterial with three open rings is designed. By respectively placing a single metamaterial slab and double metamaterial slabs at different positions between transmitting coil and receiving coil, the performance of the proposed WPT system is evaluated by simulation work. The corresponding magnetic field distribution is also analyzed. Besides, comparison is made with the conventional WPT system without metamaterial. It is found that transmission efficiency of the proposed WPT system is obviously improved when incorporating the metamaterial since the designed metamaterial effectively focuses magnetic field towards the receiving coil. Comparing with the conventional system, the results also show that the proposed WPT system is more robust to lateral and angular misalignment of the receiving coil. With the designed metamaterial, it is found that the proposed system with double metamaterial slabs performs better than that with a single metamaterial slab.