bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N6‐methyladenosine methylation regulatory pattern of pulmonary lymphoepithelioma‐like carcinoma based on exosomal transcriptome analysis
Authors: Yu Mengge , Pan Yiyun , Li Huahua , Liu Xiaomei , Chen Zhengcong , Chen Hailong , Ma Shudong , Zeng Wen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPulmonary lymphoepithelioma‐like carcinoma (pLELC) is a rare malignancy that lacks specific biomarkers. N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is the most widespread internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA), and its dysregulation is involved in the development of many cancers. However, the expression of m6A genes in pLELC and their roles are unknown.We obtained an exosomal transcriptome data set of patients diagnosed with pLELC and healthy controls using RNA sequencing and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the two groups using R software. The differential expression of the 37 m6A genes in the two sets of samples was further analyzed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for each gene to identify their grouping ability. The STRING database was used to construct a protein–protein interaction network for m6A genes. An mRNA–miRNA regulatory network of m6A‐related DEGs was constructed using the miRNet database, and a prediction score formula was established. A nomogram was constructed based on the candidate m6A genes and prediction scores. The expression of key genes was determined through the immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of clinical tissue sections.Using ROC curves, nine m6A genes were revealed to have classification efficacy in both groups of samples. We screened seven m6A‐related DEGs (MAN2C1, HNRNPCL1, FUS, EIF6, DIP2A, COA3, and BUD13) that were beneficial for grouping and constructed nomogram models. Through IHC, we identified FUS and EIF6 as being possibly involved in the occurrence and development of pLELC.The m6A gene expression patterns in pLELC‐derived exosomes were significantly different from those in healthy controls. We screened several key genes to facilitate the development of diagnostic markers for pulmonary lymphoepithelioma.
Genomic testing in voluntary workplace wellness programs in the US: Evidence and challenges
Authors: Cohn Betty , Ryan Kerry A. , Hendy Katherine , Callahan Katherine , Roberts J. Scott , Spector‐Bagdady Kayte , Mathews Debra J. H. ,   the INSIGHT @ Work Consortium
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundWorkplace genetic and/or genomic testing (wGT) is one of many options that employers can offer within the scope of voluntary workplace wellness programs, though we know little about how many employers are offering this benefit, or what kinds of testing are included.MethodsOur landscaping review sought to discover the prevalence and distribution of wGT within voluntary wellness programs among U.S. companies using three approaches: (1) analysis of publicly available information; (2) national surveys; and (3) interviews with company representatives.ResultsIn total, 50/420 (11.9%) companies we investigated had publicly available data suggesting that they offer wGT to their employees. Survey data weighted to be representative of the type and distribution of U.S. companies suggest that ~1% of U.S. companies offer wGT to their employees.ConclusionOur research found little evidence of broad uptake of wGT among U.S. companies, though information gathering was challenging.
Multiscale population demographics and growth responses of trout in the upper Snoqualmie River watershed, Washington
Authors: Thompson Jamie Nicholas , Overman Nathanael Christian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
Population demographics of trout were analyzed across multiple spatial scales to evaluate fishery resources in the three forks and main stem of the upper Snoqualmie River, Washington. Physical habitat and trout species compositions, relative abundances, and sizes were assessed through spatially continuous sampling of the watershed. Fish were also sampled at the segment scale (5–20 km) for more detailed but spatially intermediate assessments of species and genetic origin, size at age, and seasonal diet. To evaluate growth conditions during summer months, bioenergetics simulations of consumption by trout were run using summer water temperatures, and growth and diets were sampled at two life stages.

Result
We found high variability in longitudinal species compositions, genetic origins, relative abundances, and densities within and among forks. While annual growth generally decreased with distance upstream, summer growth efficiency consistently increased. Areal density estimates of age-0 recruits in the North and Middle forks generally increased with segment elevation, whereas density of recruits was relatively low in upper elevations of the South Fork, where nonnative Westslope Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi were most abundant. Abundance of trout varied widely among the forks, and a native metapopulation of Coastal Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii was the most abundantly distributed species across interconnected main-stem habitats.

Conclusion
Factors affecting population demographics of trout at the riverscape scale included geologic barriers, habitat diversity, and stocking practices, while summer growth was primarily affected by water temperature. Merging riverscape- and intermediate-scale sampling enhanced watershed-scale inferences made from intermediate sampling while accounting for continuous variability. This design provided a holistic assessment of the trout resources that would not have been possible using either site-specific sampling or continuous longitudinal surveys and provided a baseline assessment of trout resources in the upper Snoqualmie River watershed for continued management and conservation of the fishery.
An investigation into the impact resistance of bio‐inspired laminates with interlayer hybrid unidirectional/woven carbon fibers
Authors: Zhao Shicai , Yin Xiaoming , Zhang Deyuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the rapid mandible strike behavior of trap‐jaw ants (Odontomachus monticola), a highly aggressive species of terrestrial social organisms. An impact‐resistant gradient waviness structure is discovered in the mandibles of trap‐jaw ants. The gradient waviness structure is incorporated into the fiber laminates to enhance their impact resistance and damage tolerance. Bioinspired interlayer hybrid laminates with both unidirectional and woven arrangements were fabricated using the mold press forming technique. The impact resistance and damage tolerance of the bionic laminates are investigated through low‐velocity impact, ultrasonic C‐scanning, and compression after impact tests. The results indicate that hybrid laminates play a key role in limiting damage propagation and improving energy dissipation capacity. The hybrid configuration effectively mitigates crack propagation, enhances load‐bearing capacity, and improves residual compressive strength. Bionic laminates offer an efficient solution for enhancing damage tolerance against through‐the‐thickness loads.Highlights
An impact‐resistant gradient waviness structure is discovered in trap‐jaw ants.
Bioinspired interlayer hybrid laminate is fabricated by mold pressing.
The hybrid laminate restrict damage propagation and improve residual strength.
Bionic laminate offer an efficient solution for enhancing damage tolerance.
Influence of moisture absorption on the compressive behavior of halloysite nanotube reinforced buoyant nanocomposite foams for maritime applications
Authors: Bakshi Mohammed Sohail , Kattimani Subhaschandra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCurrent research focuses on the development of buoyant nanocomposite foams comprising naturally available nanofiller‐halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). Cenosphere, a waste byproduct of thermal power plants, is used to impart lightweight properties to syntactic foam composites at 0, 20, and 40 vol% in an epoxy matrix. HNTs are added to the cenosphere epoxy syntactic foam (CESF) composites at a constant 1 vol% to improve the favorable mechanical and water absorption properties of the composites. To evaluate the mechanical response of the CESF and HNTs reinforced syntactic foam (HRSF) composites, compression tests are conducted on samples immersed in water. The results of the water absorption analysis on the CESF and HRSF composites conclude that HNTs inhibit the entry of water into the epoxy matrix, resulting in lower absorption values in HRSF samples than in CESF. Outcomes from the compression tests and FTIR study support this conclusion. The modulus value of the water‐immersed HRSF sample with 40% cenospheres (NSF40 W) is reduced by 26.35%, and a 48.52% reduction in the modulus is registered for CESF with a similar concentration without HNTs. Structure–property correlations are established using the crack‐pinning phenomenon and planar dispersion of HNTs depicted by transmission electron microscopy. The HNTs reinforcement shows great promise as a structural, buoyant, and lightweight syntactic nanocomposite foam for maritime applications.
Long‐term factors associated with positive mental health outcomes for early adolescents during COVID‐19‐related school closures
Authors: Molloy‐Vickers Danielle , Chopra Jennifer , Saini Pooja , Ashworth Emma 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic had an immediate negative impact on young people worldwide. However, there is a paucity of research examining the factors associated with good mental health, and specifically the factors that contributed to longer‐term positive outcomes. This study aimed to identify the protective factors among early adolescents in the United Kingdom that were associated with better mental health outcomes (internalizing and externalizing difficulties, and well‐being) during the second national lockdown, and any differences in protective factors between the first and second lockdowns. Between September and December 2020 (T1; N = 290), and March and May 2021 (T2; N = 72), 11 to 14‐year‐olds across North‐West England completed an online survey pertaining to their experiences of lockdown, and mental health and wellbeing. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyse the data. Results indicated that peer support was protective across all three mental health outcomes at T2. While optimism was protective across all three outcomes at T1, it was not significant at T2. School support and community and family connection were also significant predictors at T1 only. While support from multiple different sources may have been more important in the early days of the pandemic, support from peers was key in maintaining long‐term mental health.
Access to symptom screening and severe symptom risk among cancer patients with major mental illness
Authors: Davis Laura E. , Sutradhar Rinku , Bourque Michaela A. , Eskander Antoine , Noel Christopher W. , Isenberg‐Grzeda Elie , Vigod Simone N. , Coburn Natalie , Deleemans Julie , Bolton James M. , Chan Wing C. , Hallet Julie , Mahar Alyson L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionCancer symptom screening has the potential to improve cancer outcomes, including reducing symptom burden among patients with major mental illness (MMI). We determined rates of symptom screening with the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS‐r) and risk of severe symptoms in cancer patients with MMI.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used linked administrative health databases of adults diagnosed with cancer between 2007 and 2020. An MMI was measured in the 5 years prior to cancer diagnosis and categorized as inpatient, outpatient, or no MMI. Outcomes were defined as time to first ESAS‐r screening and time to first moderate‐to‐severe symptom score. Cause‐specific and Fine and Gray competing events models were used for both outcomes, controlling for age, sex, rural residence, year of diagnosis and cancer site.ResultsOf 389,870 cancer patients, 4049 (1.0%) had an inpatient MMI and 9775 (2.5%) had an outpatient MMI. Individuals with inpatient MMI were least likely to complete an ESAS‐r (67.5%) compared to those with outpatient MMI (72.3%) and without MMI (74.8%). Compared to those without MMI, individuals with an inpatient or outpatient MMI had a lower incidence of symptom screening records after accounting for the competing risk of death (subdistribution Hazard Ratio 0.77 (95% CI 0.74–0.80) and 0.88 (95% CI 0.86–0.90) respectively). Individuals with inpatient and outpatient MMI status consistently had a significantly higher risk of reporting high symptom scores across all symptoms.ConclusionsUnderstanding the disparity in ESAS‐r screening and management for cancer patients with MMI is a vital step toward providing equitable cancer care.
Refined read‐out: The hUHRF1 Tandem‐Tudor domain prefers binding to histone H3 tails containing K4me1 in the context of H3K9me2/3
Authors: Choudalakis Michel , Kungulovski Goran , Mauser Rebekka , Bashtrykov Pavel , Jeltsch Albert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUHRF1 is an essential chromatin protein required for DNA methylation maintenance, mammalian development, and gene regulation. We investigated the Tandem‐Tudor domain (TTD) of human UHRF1 that is known to bind H3K9me2/3 histones and is a major driver of UHRF1 localization in cells. We verified binding to H3K9me2/3 but unexpectedly discovered stronger binding to H3 peptides and mononucleosomes containing K9me2/3 with additional K4me1. We investigated the combined binding of TTD to H3K4me1‐K9me2/3 versus H3K9me2/3 alone, engineered mutants with specific and differential changes of binding, and discovered a novel read‐out mechanism for H3K4me1 in an H3K9me2/3 context that is based on the interaction of R207 with the H3K4me1 methyl group and on counting the H‐bond capacity of H3K4. Individual TTD mutants showed up to a 10,000‐fold preference for the double‐modified peptides, suggesting that after a conformational change, WT TTD could exhibit similar effects. The frequent appearance of H3K4me1‐K9me2 regions in human chromatin demonstrated in our TTD chromatin pull‐down and ChIP‐western blot data suggests that it has specific biological roles. Chromatin pull‐down of TTD from HepG2 cells and full‐length murine UHRF1 ChIP‐seq data correlate with H3K4me1 profiles indicating that the H3K4me1‐K9me2/3 interaction of TTD influences chromatin binding of full‐length UHRF1. We demonstrate the H3K4me1‐K9me2/3 specific binding of UHRF1‐TTD to enhancers and promoters of cell‐type‐specific genes at the flanks of cell‐type‐specific transcription factor binding sites, and provided evidence supporting an H3K4me1‐K9me2/3 dependent and TTD mediated downregulation of these genes by UHRF1. All these findings illustrate the important physiological function of UHRF1‐TTD binding to H3K4me1‐K9me2/3 double marks in a cellular context.
Does alkyl chain unsaturation affect tunability of the aryl alkyl imidazolium‐based ion pairs?
Authors: Khalili Behzad , Sheykhan Mehdi , Pour Marziye Ali Jan , Ghauri Khatereh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThree series of functionalized ion pairs composed of ethyl phenyl imidazolium [PhIM(C2H5)]+, (vinyl) ethenyl phenyl imidazolium [PhIM(C2H3)]+and ethynyl phenyl imidazolium [PhIM(C2H)]+cations and acetate ([Y1]−), nitrate ([Y2]−), tetrafluoroborate ([Y3]−) and perchlorate ([Y4]−) anions were designed and their physical and chemical properties were analyzed at M06‐2X‐GD3/AUG‐cc‐pVDZ level of theory. The effect of alkyl chain unsaturation on structural characteristics, energetic parameters, electronic and topological properties, and the global reactivity parameters and also on some physical and chemical properties such as dipole moment, melting point, and electrochemical window of the introduced IPs was discussed. Based on electrochemical window values, the studied IPs including alkyl chain unsaturation in the cation and [Y1‐2]−anions have no suitable electrochemical stability for use in electrochemical devices.
Global disparity of camera trap research allocation and defaunation risk of terrestrial mammals
Authors: Mugerwa Badru , Niedballa Jürgen , Planillo Aimara , Sheil Douglas , Kramer‐Schadt Stephanie , Wilting Andreas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractQuantifying and monitoring the risk of defaunation and extinction require assessing and monitoring biodiversity in impacted regions. Camera traps that photograph animals as they pass sensors have revolutionized wildlife assessment and monitoring globally. We conducted a global review of camera trap research on terrestrial mammals over the last two decades. We assessed if the spatial distribution of 3395 camera trap research locations from 2324 studies overlapped areas with high defaunation risk. We used a geospatial distribution modeling approach to predict the spatial allocation of camera trap research on terrestrial mammals and to identify its key correlates. We show that camera trap research over the past two decades has not targeted areas where defaunation risk is highest and that 76.8% of the global research allocation can be attributed to country income, biome, terrestrial mammal richness, and accessibility. The lowest probabilities of camera trap research allocation occurred in low‐income countries. The Amazon and Congo Forest basins – two highly biodiverse ecosystems facing unprecedented anthropogenic alteration – received inadequate camera trap research attention. Even within the best covered regions, most of the research (64.2%) was located outside the top 20% areas where defaunation risk was greatest. To monitor terrestrial mammal populations and assess the risk of extinction, more research should be extended to regions with high defaunation risk but have received low camera trap research allocation.
Quantifying wetness variability in aapa mires with Sentinel‐2: towards improved monitoring of an EU priority habitat
Authors: Jussila Tytti , Heikkinen Risto K. , Anttila Saku , Aapala Kaisu , Kervinen Mikko , Aalto Juha , Vihervaara Petteri 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAapa mires are waterlogged northern peatland ecosystems characterized by a patterned surface structure where water‐filled depressions (‘flarks’) alternate with drier hummock strings. As one of the EU Habitat Directive priority habitats, aapa mires are important for biodiversity and carbon cycling, harbouring several red‐listed species and supporting unique species communities. Due to their sensitivity to hydrological disturbances, reliable, up‐to‐date and systematic information on the hydrological condition and responses of mires is crucial and required for multiple purposes ranging from carbon exchange modelling to EU Habitats Directive reporting and conservation and ecosystem restoration planning. Here, we demonstrate the usability of Sentinel‐2 satellite data in a semi‐automatic cloud‐based approach to retrieve large‐scale information on aapa mire hydrological variability. Two satellite‐derived metrics, soil moisture index and the extent of water‐saturated surfaces based on pixel‐wise classification, are used to quantify monthly and interannual wetness variation between 2017 and 2020 across Natura 2000 aapa mires in Finland, including responses to the extreme drought of 2018. The results revealed high temporal variability in wetness, particularly in the southern parts of the aapa mire zone and generally in the late summer months interannually. Observations from the drought summer showed that one third of usually year‐round wet flark surfaces may be exposed to drying during climatic extremes. Responses varied between sites and regions, implicating the significance of environmental factors for drought resistance: some sites maintained high levels of moisture, whereas others lost wet surfaces completely. Our study provides the first comprehensive national‐level representation of seasonal and interannual wetness variability and drought‐sensitivity of pristine aapa mire sites. The approach and methods used here can be directly upscaled outside protected areas and to other EU countries. Thus, they provide a means for harmonized, systematic large‐scale monitoring of this priority habitat, as well as valuable information for other applications supporting peatland conservation and research.
Combining environmental DNA with remote sensing variables to map fish species distributions along a large river
Authors: Zong Shuo , Brantschen Jeanine , Zhang Xiaowei , Albouy Camille , Valentini Alice , Zhang Heng , Altermatt Florian , Pellissier Loïc 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiodiversity loss in river ecosystems is much faster and more severe than in terrestrial systems, and spatial conservation and restoration plans are needed to halt this erosion. Reliable and highly resolved data on the state of and change in biodiversity and species distributions are critical for effective measures. However, high‐resolution maps of fish distribution remain limited for large riverine systems. Coupling data from global satellite sensors with broad‐scale environmental DNA (eDNA) and machine learning could enable rapid and precise mapping of the distribution of river organisms. Here, we investigated the potential for combining these methods using a fish eDNA dataset from 110 sites sampled along the full length of the Rhone River in Switzerland and France. Using Sentinel 2 and Landsat 8 images, we generated a set of ecological variables describing both the aquatic and the terrestrial habitats surrounding the river corridor. We combined these variables with eDNA‐based presence and absence data on 29 fish species and used three machine‐learning models to assess environmental suitability for these species. Most models showed good performance, indicating that ecological variables derived from remote sensing can approximate the ecological determinants of fish species distributions, but water‐derived variables had stronger associations than the terrestrial variables surrounding the river. The species range mapping indicated a significant transition in the species occupancy along the Rhone, from its source in the Swiss Alps to outlet into the Mediterranean Sea in southern France. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of combining remote sensing and eDNA to map species distributions in a large river. This method can be expanded to any large river to support conservation schemes.