bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An updated review of synthesis and characterization of some new thiazolidinones containing coumarin moiety and their antimicrobial study.
Authors: Kushwaha Shekhar Prakash 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The main purposes of this study were to investigate the therapeutic qualities of small ring heterocycles containing nitrogen and sulfur, with a focus on thiazoles, and their potential as pharmaceutically significant compounds. The research aimed to explore the biological actions of substances with thiazole nuclei, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal characteristics.
Methods: First, coumarin Schiff bases were reacted with iodoacetic acid to create a new class of thiazolidinones. The synthesis of 4-Chloro coumarin 2 and 4-Chloro-3, 4', 3', 4"-tercoumarin 2a was carried out by combining 4-hydroxy coumarin and phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5). Moreover, the combination of toluenediamine sulfate and compound 2 led to the formation of 4-[(4-aminophenyl) amino]-2H-chromen-2-one. To create various Schiff bases of coumarin, 4-[(4-aminophenyl) amino]-2H-chromen-2-one was condensed with different aldehydes. The synthesized compounds' structures were verified using techniques such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analyses (C, H, N).
Results: This investigation suggests the potential of the compound like synthesis of 4-Chloro coumarin 2, 4-Chloro-3, 4', 3', 4"-tercoumarin 2a, and 4-[(4-aminophenyl) amino]-2H-chromen-2-one demonstrated the successful creation of novel compounds through specific reactions. The condensation of 4-[(4-aminophenyl) amino]-2H-chromen-2-one with various aldehydes led to the generation of distinct Schiff bases of coumarin.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the study highlighted the significance of small ring heterocycles containing nitrogen and sulfur, particularly thiazoles, in the development of important pharmaceutical compounds. The successful synthesis of novel compounds through specific reactions underscores the versatility of the methods employed. The structural verification of the newly synthesized compounds further supports the validity of the study's findings.
Voluntary participation with outside individual options facilitates group collaboration via improved optimism
Authors: Mori Ryutaro , Hanaki Nobuyuki , Kameda Tatsuya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Whether in business ventures or research projects, voluntary participation is at the heart of collaboration. Previous studies concerning collaboration have primarily focused on the free-riding problem, largely overlooking this mundane but critical aspect. We address this gap by modeling collaborative situations as people’s voluntary choices between joining an uncertain public goods provisioning in groups and pursuing a certain but less profitable individual option. Theoretically and experimentally, we show that this voluntariness increases the likelihood of group success by filtering out otherwise pessimistic defectors or encouraging them toward cooperation. We further discuss how our findings can be synthesized with the larger body of literature about collective versus individual options: We show that whether individual options aid or hinder collaboration hinges on the degree of the “externality” of loners (who pursue the individual option) to the group. As long as the externality is small, the existence of individual options robustly aids collaborative success by fostering cooperation through improved optimism within groups.
Food and health security impact of climate change in Bangladesh: a review
Authors: Moon Monira Parvin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
There are major threats to Bangladesh's food and health security posed by climate change, including a higher risk of food shortage, hunger, and waterborne illnesses. The country's coastline regions, which are most susceptible to the effects of climate change, are where these problems are most severe. The influence of climate change on Bangladesh's food and health security is examined in this research study. The report analyzes the existing level of understanding on this subject, identifies knowledge gaps, and proposes future research possibilities. Based on the literature review, the study found a number of issues, such as crop failure and lower health status, that worsen the effects of climate change on food and health security. The evaluation emphasizes the serious threats that climate change poses to Bangladesh's food and health security, such as a higher risk of food shortage, hunger, and waterborne illnesses. The harshest effects of climate change are on people's health. The report makes a number of suggestions for academics and politicians to address these issues and how policymakers and scholars may approach these problems.
Stormwater runoff pollution control performance of permeable concrete pavement and constructed wetland combined system: toward on-site reuse
Authors: Zhao Jinhui , Shu Lisha , Wu Mengke , Han Jiabi , Luo Shuyu , Tang Jixian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Urban waterlogging and the deterioration of receiving water quality caused by stormwater runoff have become increasingly significant problems. Based on the concept of combining grey and green infrastructure, a combined permeable concrete pavement (PCP) and constructed wetland (CW) system has been developed to treat stormwater runoff and enable on-site reuse. The results showed that the removal rate of suspended solids (SS) by PCP ranged from 96.61 to 99.20%; however, the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in the effluent did not meet the standards required for rainwater reuse. For the combined PCP-CW system, the removal rates of COD, TN and TP by the CW were 48.45–75.12%, 47.26–53.05%, and 59.04–75.28%, respectively, under different hydraulic loading (HL) rates; thus, the effluent TN concentrations did not consistently meet the reuse standards. Further optimization of aeration in different parts of the CW revealed that aeration in the middle and front sections of the wetland had the most significant effect on pollutant removal, under which the TN concentrations in the effluent met the standard required for reuse. The effluent from the combined PCP-CW system was able to fully meet the stormwater reuse standards under these optimized conditions, and the reuse of urban stormwater runoff can therefore be realized.
Comparison of Different Treatment Regimens for Long-term Improvement
of Renal Function in Patients with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura: A
Systematic Review
Authors: Reicy Razieh , Jari Mohsen 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (IgA vasculitis) is the most common childhood
vasculitis, one of its complications is renal involvement. However, several treatment regimens
have been proposed to improve renal function in the long term, but which drug regimen can
be most effective is still controversial.

Methods:
This study was a systematic review. In order to find evidence related to the purpose of
this study, databases including Google Scholar, Web of Science, ProQuest and Medline via
PubMed, and Scopus were searched with the appropriate keywords. QUADAS-2 (a Quality Assessment
tools for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) checklist was also used to evaluate the quality of
studies. Based on the keywords used in reviewing the information sources of scientific articles, in
the first stage, 86 studies were included in the review. Taking into account characteristics such as
lack of homogeneity with the objectives of the present study, finally, 11 studies were selected for
analysis and final evaluation.

Results:
A total of 11 studies, including 722 patients in the age range of 5.5 to 9.9 years with HSP
were included in the study. The follow-up period of the patients varied from 6 months to 16 years
in terms of examining the treatment process. In terms of study type, 7 studies were conducted as
prospective or retrospective (non-interventional) cohorts and 4 studies as randomized clinical trials.
The treatment regimen of injectable methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisolone resulted in
a long-term recovery of 79.2% (95% confidence interval between 0.66% and 88.2%); however, the
need for additional immunosuppressive in two studies was mentioned as 38% and 46.1%, respectively.
In the therapeutic regimen of oral methylprednisolone alone, a significant improvement in
long-term renal function was achieved in comparison with placebo. Administration of injectable
methylprednisolone followed by cyclosporine A had the highest effectiveness in terms of improving
renal function in the long term.

Conclusion:
Regimes based on the administration of prednisolone (either oral or injectable, either
as a single drug or as a combination) lead to long-term improvement of renal function in patients
with HSP, but the use of other immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine A, of course, with
optimizing the drug dose can lead to a significant improvement in the clinical performance.
SINERGI BUMN DALAM PENGADAAN BARANG DAN/ATAU JASA DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERSAINGAN USAHA
Authors: Anggraini Anna Maria Tri 
Published: August 2023

From the Competition Law perspective, the basic principles of procurement among others are transparency, non-discrimination and efficiency. For that purpose some regulations were established such as Law No. 5 of 1999 and Presidential Regulation regarding bid rigging prohibition. However, still there is a ministerial regulation regarding the synergy of State-Owned Enterprises that contravene with fair competition principles that enable to appoint a subsidiary of a State-Owned Enterprises directly without bidding. Such practice is violation to Article 22 and Article 19 d of Law No. 5 Year 1999 concerning Prohibitionof Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition. Prinsip dasar sistem pengadaan barang/jasa dari perspektif Hukum Persaingan Usaha diantaranya transparansi, non diskriminasi, dan efisiensi. Untuk itu, dibentuk beberapa regulasi berupa undang-undang dan peraturan perundang-undangan seperti UU Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 dan Peraturan Presiden yang melarang persekongkolan tender. Namun demikian, terdapat peraturan yang bertentangan dengan prinsip persaingan yakni Peraturan Menteri tentang Sinergi BUMN, yang memberi peluang dilakukannyapenunjukan langsung kepada anak perusahaannya, untuk melaksanakan proyek pengadaan barang/jasa. Hal ini merupakan pengingkaran terhadap prinsip-prinsip persaingan usaha yang sehat, khususnya Pasal22 dan Pasal 19 huruf d UU Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktik Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat.
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN PERIZINAN PEMBANGUNAN PERUMAHAN BAGI PENGEMBANG TERKAIT ASPEK PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN DI DIY
Authors: Nurhayati Irna , Haryati Dwi 
Published: August 2023

This article seeks to examine the reasons behind why real estate developers continue to erect housing districts without proper Building Construction Permits. It will also explore the Local Government’s efforts to regulate construction of housing districts and the consumer’s responses in cases where suchdistricts were built without Building Construction Permits. Findings indicate that such practice byreal estate developers occur due to poor oversight and coordination from licensing agencies, complexpermit requirements which frustrates small scale developers, and low legal awareness from developers and consumers. Local Government efforts include oversight by the Integrated Team, requiring lot-based Building Construction Permits, warnings, and sanctions and socializing licensing regulations. Consumersmeanwhile have increasingly become more proactive in demanding their rights from developers andseeking legal advocacy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab dari pengembang perumahan membangun perumahan meskipun belum memiliki IMB, upaya Pemda dalam rangka penertiban pembangunanperumahan, dan upaya konsumen dalam kasus ketiadaan IMB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapembangunan perumahan tanpa IMB dilakukan oleh pengembang karena faktor lemahnya pengawasaninstansi perizinan, kurangnya koordinasi antar instansi perizinan terkait, persyaratan yang kompleksdan menyulitkan pengembang berskala kecil, serta kesadaran hukum pengembang dan konsumenmasih rendah. Upaya Pemda berupa pengawasan oleh Tim Terpadu, persyaratan pengajuan IMBperkapling, teguran dan sanksi, serta sosialisasi peraturan perizinan. Konsumen dalam perkembangannyasemakin proaktif memperjuangkan hak-haknya kepada pengembang dan meminta advokasi hukum.
HAK CIPTA SEBAGAI JAMINAN KEBENDAAN BERGERAK DIKAITKAN DENGAN PENGEMBANGAN OBYEK FIDUSIA
Authors: Sudjana Mr. 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine whether copyright can be encumbered by fiduciary security under Act Number 42 of 1999 on Fiduciary Transfer. We employed legal normative approach, with specification to descriptive analysis. The study was conducted as a literature study and the data were analysed using normative-qualitative method. Our study finds that copyright may be encumbered by fiduciary guarantee provided that the encumbrance be put not over the copyrighted work, but on its economic value. In order to be secured under fiduciary claim, copyright must be registered with the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights. The registration is imperative as a proof that the fiduciary grantor is the holder of the copyright. However, several provisions in the 2009 Fiduciary Transfer Act seem to be not readily imposable to copyright. Kajian ini dilaksanakan untuk menentukan hak cipta sebagai jaminan fidusia sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-undang Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analisis. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan melalui tahap studi kepustakaan, dan analisis data dilakukan secara normatif kualitatif. Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa hak cipta dapat dibebani fidusia selama pembebanan fidusia bukan dilakukan kepada bendanya, tetapi kepada nilai ekonominya. Hak cipta harus didaftarkan ke Direktorat Jenderal Hak Kekayaan Intelektual agar dapat dijaminkan. Pendaftaran ini penting sebagai bukti bahwa pemberi fidusia adalah pemegang hak. Namun, terdapat beberapa ketentuan di dalam Undang-undang Jaminan Fidusia yang tidak dapat diberlakukan terhadap hak cipta.
TANGGUNG JAWAB KEPERDATAAN BIDAN DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Turingsih R.A. Antari Inaka 
Published: August 2023

In carrying out their health services obligations, midwifes need to comply with professional standards because failure to observe careful and diligent practice may be a ground for holding the midwife accountable. Injured patient reserves the right to file a lawsuit against the midwifes by invoking breach of contract or wrongful acts as the basis of liability. Therefore, in carrying out his/her profession, a midwife must comply with professional standards, standard operating procedures, and regulated code of conduct. This article will analyse matters pertinent to profession, malpractice, and their efforts to heal. Bidan dalam melaksanakan kewajiban pelayanan kesehatan harus berdasarkan pada standar profesi. Jika dalam melaksanakan kewajibannya bidan melakukan kesalahan, maka ia dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban. Pasien sebagai pihak yang dirugikan dapat mengajukan pertanggungjawaban bidan melalui gugat berdasarkan wanprestasi atau perbuatan melawan hukum. Oleh karena itu, dalam melaksanakan profesinya, seorang bidan harus memenuhi ketentuan standar profesi, standar prosedur operasional dan kode etik yang telah diatur. Dalam tulisan ini akan dicoba untuk dikaji hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan profesi, malpraktik, dan pertanggungjawaban dalam upaya penyembuhan.
Hambatan Eksekusi Hak Tanggungan di Kantor Pelayanan Kekayaan Negara dan Lelang Yogyakarta
Authors: Windajani Imma Indra Dewi 
Published: August 2023

Many obstacles to execute mortgages by auctions on the Office of State Property and Auction Services (KPKNL) Yogyakarta. The problem is how the constraints are solved by KPKNL Yogyakarta. This research finds two classifications of obstacles: legal and sociological. Banyak hambatan yang dialami ketika ingin melaksanakan eksekusi hak tanggungan melalui lelang pada Kantor Pelayanan Kekayaan Negara Lelang (KPKNL) Yogyakarta. Masalahnya adalah bagaimana hambatan tersebut diselesaikan oleh KPKNL Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 2 klasifikasi hambatan, yaitu hambatan yuridis dan hambatan sosiologis.
PRINSIP HUKUM KONTRAK DALAM LISENSI MEREK
Authors: Sujatmiko Agung 
Published: August 2023

Trademark rights is an exclusive right. This exclusive right covers two things that are right to use the trademark and right to give license to other people to use trademark. Therefore, one method to use other peoples trademark securely and legally is by concluding a license agreement. A license agreement is a contract which is concluded by licensor and licensee, followed by the payment of royalty, which has to be paid by licensee to the licensor. The licensee agreement regulates rights and duties of the parties. This agreement has to be registered to the Directorat General Intellectual Property Rights (DG IPR) Department of Law and Human Rights. If it is not registered, this agreement has no legal effects. As a contract, this agreement has to based on contract principles, such as : freedom of contract; consensualism; pacta sunt servanda; equity; profit of contract and good faith.
PERJANJIAN PENGELOLAAN HAK GUNA USAHA (STUDI KASUS KERJASAMA ANTARA KOPERASI TUAH SEKATO DENGAN PT ARARA ABADI)
Authors: Parwati Ni Ketut Sri , Sudjito Mr. 
Published: August 2023

Management of forest plant with partnership pattern was not fair and did not provide welfare to community. Low education, lack of legal knowledge and less support from government have deprived sense of justice of local community. This research used literary study as main supporting material and field study to collect secondary material to complete this research. Data obtained from literary and field study was analyzed qualitatively and its result was described to get objective description.
Trajectories of land and ocean primary productivity across the Arctic coastal margin and sensitivity to coastal sea ice decline
Authors: Garcia Cynthia , Berkelhammer Max , Stock Larry 
Published: August 2023

The rapidly warming Arctic and its effects on sea ice extent, hydrology,
and nutrient availability influence terrestrial and marine carbon cycles
in a number of interrelated ways. While these changes likely have shared
effect on adjacent land and ocean systems, we often study them in
isolation, making it difficult to understand response patterns and
trajectories in these carbon cycle hotspots. Using almost two decades of
remotely-sensed Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) in Arctic coastal
margins, we test how the magnitude and direction of change in
productivity covary. We observed that coastal marine productivity is
four times that of coastal tundra productivity in the pan-Arctic. From
2003-2020, GPP in both the coastal land and ocean increased by
approximately 12%. This common trajectory seems to be a product of
increasing open water conditions, increased terrestrial water balance,
and nutrient availability as driven by the regional warming. On a
sectoral scale, we proposed a Coastal Synchrony Index (CSI) to compare
the rate of change of ocean productivity relative to land productivity
and show that ocean productivity is increasing faster than land
in inflow margins of Barents, Bering, and Okhotsk, outflow
margins of Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) and Greenland/Iceland, and
in interior margin of Eurasia. Additionally, we see strong
coherence between land and ocean GPP on 4–5-year cycles illustrating
that coastal synchrony observed over decadal timescales is mirrored over
interannual timescales. These cycles align with variations in open water
duration, emphasizing the pivotal role of reducing shorefast ice on
terrestrial and marine productivity trajectories.
Tax Indemnification and Unrecognized Tax Benefits in Mergers and Acquisitions
Authors: Hopkins Patrick L. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Tax indemnification transfers the risk of potential tax settlements from a taxpayer to an external party. Current accounting standards require firms to reflect unrecognized tax benefits (UTBs) even when the underlying tax position has indemnification. Practitioners suggest that financial statement disclosures regarding tax indemnification are necessary to allow users to assess tax risk adequately. However, acquirers rarely disclose tax indemnification arrangements from merger and acquisition (M&A) contracts. Evidence suggests that tax indemnification attenuates the positive association between UTBs and future tax cash outflows. Moreover, results are consistent with indemnification agreements resulting in minimal settlements. Because of the effect that removing accounts associated with lapsed indemnification agreements has on effective tax rates and the attenuating effect that indemnification has on UTB’s association with future tax cash outflows, the findings could be of interest to the Financial Accounting Standards Board regarding their income tax disclosure project.
JEL Classifications: M48; M41; G34.
Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Pharmacogenomic Variants Associated With Metformin Glycemic Response in African American Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Wu Baojun , Yee Sook Wah , Xiao Shujie , Xu Fei , Sridhar Sneha B. , Yang Mao , Hochstadt Samantha , Cabral Whitney , Lanfear David E. , Hedderson Monique M. , Giacomini Kathleen M. , Williams L. Keoki 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVE
Metformin is the most common treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, there have been no pharmacogenomic studies for T2D in which a population of color was used in the discovery analysis. This study sought to identify genomic variants associated with metformin response in African American patients with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Patients in the discovery set were adult, African American participants from the Diabetes Multi-omic Investigation of Drug Response (DIAMOND), a cohort study of patients with T2D from a health system serving southeast Michigan. DIAMOND participants had genome-wide genotype data and longitudinal electronic records of laboratory results and medication fills. The genome-wide discovery analysis identified polymorphisms correlated to changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels among individuals on metformin monotherapy. Lead associations were assessed for replication in an independent cohort of African American participants from Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) and in European American participants from DIAMOND.

RESULTS
The discovery set consisted of 447 African American participants, whereas the replication sets included 353 African American KPNC participants and 466 European American DIAMOND participants. The primary analysis identified a variant, rs143276236, in the gene ARFGEF3, which met the threshold for genome-wide significance, replicated in KPNC African Americans, and was still significant in the meta-analysis (P = 1.17 × 10−9). None of the significant discovery variants replicated in European Americans DIAMOND participants.

CONCLUSIONS
We identified a novel and biologically plausible genetic variant associated with a change in HbA1c levels among African American patients on metformin monotherapy. These results highlight the importance of diversity in pharmacogenomic studies.