bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current status and molecular epidemiology of rabies virus from different hosts and regions in Malawi
Authors: Kainga Henson , Chatanga Elisha , Phonera Marvin Collen , Kothowa John Pilate , Dzimbiri Precious , Kamwendo Gladson , Mulavu Malala , Khumalo Cynthia Sipho , Changula Katendi , Chambaro Herman , Harima Hayato , Kajihara Masahiro , Mkandawire Kholiwe , Chikungwa Patrick , Chulu Julius , Njunga Gilson , Chitanga Simbarashe , Mubemba Benjamin , Sasaki Michihito , Orba Yasuko , Qiu Yongjin , Yamagishi Junya , Simulundu Edgar , Takada Ayato , Namangala Boniface , Sawa Hirofumi , Muleya Walter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlthough rabies is endemic in Malawi, there have been no studies in which rabies virus was systematically investigated and characterized in multiple animal hosts in that country. In order to provide molecular epidemiological data on rabies virus in Malawi, 683 suspected rabies case reports from 2008 to 2021 were examined, and 46 (dog = 40, cow = 5, and cat = 1) viable rabies-positive brain samples archived at the Central Veterinary Laboratory (CVL), Lilongwe, Malawi, were analyzed genetically. The results showed an increase in the submission of brain samples from 2008 to 2010, with the highest number of submissions observed in 2020. Of the 683 case reports analyzed for the period under review, 38.1% (260/683) (CI: 34.44 – 41.84) were confirmed by direct fluorescent antibody test. Among the confirmed cases, 65.4% (170/260) (CI: 59.23 – 71.09) were canine rabies. Further, phylogenetic analysis revealed that sequences from different animal hosts clustered together within the Africa 1b lineage, suggesting that the strains circulating in livestock are similar to those in domestic dogs. This finding supports the hypothesis that canine rabies is spilling over to livestock and emphasizes the need for further studies to provide data for effective control of rabies in Malawi.
Endorsement of a single-item measure of sleep disturbance during pregnancy and risk for postpartum depression: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Felder Jennifer N. , Roubinov Danielle , Zhang Li , Gray Mark , Beck Arne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPoor prenatal sleep quality is associated with increased risk for depressive symptoms but may go undetected in brief, busy prenatal care visits. Among non-depressed pregnant participants, we evaluated whether 1) the endorsement of sleep disturbance on a depression questionnaire predicted postpartum depressive symptoms, 2) the strength of these associations was higher than other somatic symptoms of pregnancy and depression (i.e., fatigue, appetite disturbance), and 3) the endorsement of prenatal sleep disturbance varied by participant characteristics. In this retrospective cohort study, participants had a live birth and completed Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) during pregnancy and within 8 weeks postpartum between 2012 and 2017. Participants who were non-depressed during pregnancy (PHQ-9 < 10) were included (n = 3619). We operationalized sleep disturbance, fatigue, and appetite disturbance as endorsement of item 3, 4, and 5 on the PHQ-9, respectively, and postpartum depressive symptoms as PHQ-9 total score ≥ 10. Participant characteristic variables included age, race, ethnicity, parity, gestational age at delivery, and preterm birth. Prenatal sleep disturbance was associated with higher odds of postpartum depressive symptoms (aORs 1.9, 95% CI 1.2–3.1 for first trimester; 3.7, 95% CI 1.5–11.5 for second trimester; 3.4, 95% CI 1.9–6.8 for third trimester). Fatigue and appetite disturbance in the first and third trimesters were associated with higher odds of postpartum depressive symptoms. Sleep disturbance varied by race during the first and second trimesters (p < 0.05) and was highest among Black or African American participants (61.8–65.1%). A routinely administered single-item measure of sleep disturbance could identify otherwise lower-risk pregnant individuals who may benefit from depression prevention efforts.
Photobiomodulation for Alzheimer’s disease: photoelectric coupling effect on attenuating Aβ neurotoxicity
Authors: Tian Zixi , Wang Panpan , Huang Kai , Yu Jie , Zhang Mange , Liu Yanming , Zhao Hang , Zhu Beilei , Huang Xuerong , Tong Zhiqian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia are the most worrying health problems faced by people globally today. Although the pathological features of AD consisting of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques in the extracellular space (ECS) and intracellular tau tangles are well established, the developed medicines targeting these two proteins have not obtained the expected clinical effects. Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the therapeutic use of red light (RL) or near-infrared light (NIR) to serve as a noninvasive neuroprotective strategy for brain diseases. The present review discusses the mechanisms of the photoelectric coupling effect (light energy-induced special electronic transition-related alterations in protein structure) of PBM on reducing Aβ toxicity. On the one hand, RL or NIR can directly disassemble Aβ in vitro and in vivo. On the other hand, formaldehyde (FA)-inhibited catalase (CAT) and H2O2-inactived formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH) are formed a vicious circle in AD; however, light energy not only activates FDH to degrade excessive FA (which crosslinks Aβ monomer to form Aβ oligomers and senile plaques) but also sensitizes CAT to reduce hydrogen peroxide levels (H2O2, which can facilitate Aβ aggregation and enhance FA generation). In addition, it also activates mitochondrial cytochrome-c to produce ATP in the neurons. Clinical trials of phototherapeutics or oral coenzyme Q10 have shown positive effects in AD patients. Hence, a promising strategy combined PBM with nanopacked Q10 has been proposed to apply for treating AD.
Assessing feral swine damage in the western gulf region of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas
Authors: Tian Nana , Gan Jianbang , Holley Gordon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFeral swine (Sus scrofa) as an invasive species in the U.S. have caused severe damage to natural resources through competing for food resources with domestic livestock and destroying habitat by rooting and wallowing. Given their increased population and wide distribution in the southern U.S., feral swine control is becoming an urgent issue for both natural resource managers and landowners. We conducted a three-state mail survey to examine feral swine damage in Arkansas, Louisiana, and East Texas in the western gulf region in 2021. Our results reveal that feral swine activities like rooting and wallowing can cause severe and widespread damage to agriculture and forestry. Among the most reported and concerned damage by feral swine were crops, pastures, livestock, and loss of land value. Soybean damage was the most important agricultural crop damage in both Arkansas and Louisiana while it was hay, silage, and forage crops in East Texas. In terms of livestock damage, beef cattle and calves were the most common and severe damage in all three states. Average economic loss due to feral swine damage was estimated at $67.13/ha, $42.96/ha, $27.31/ha, and $57.54/ha for landowners in the region who owned cropland, forestland, pastureland, and multiple land types, respectively. Those findings could help both landowners and wildlife management personnel understand the negative societal impact of feral swine, and they could also facilitate the comparison between expected benefits and costs of control programs/options for feral swine in the southern states.
An Asymptotic Theory for the Flow over Heterogeneous Roughness
Authors: Segalini Antonio , Janzon Erik 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe flow over arbitrary roughness changes is investigated, revisiting the analysis of Belcher et al. (Q J R Meteorol Soc 116:611–635, 1990) regarding surface-roughness heterogeneity. The proposed theory is restricted to steady neutral boundary layers over flat regions with changes of roughness sufficiently slow and mild to inhibit the growth of nonlinear terms. The approach is based on a triple-deck decomposition of the flow above the roughness, although only the first two layers are interactive at leading order. Two experimental datasets (one with a smooth-to-rough and the other with a rough-to-smooth transition) are used to validate the theory. The latter is further compared against two large-eddy simulations featuring chessboard patterns of alternating surface roughness with relatively short and long length scales, respectively. All the comparisons show that the proposed theory is able to reasonably assess the wind-field perturbation due to the roughness heterogeneity, supporting the use of the model to quickly assess the effect of roughness changes in the flow field.
Outcomes for the first four lines of therapy in patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer: results from the SONABRE registry
Authors: Ibragimova Khava I. E. , Geurts Sandra M. E. , Meegdes Marissa , Erdkamp Frans , Heijns Joan B. , Tol Jolien , Vriens Birgit E. P. J. , Dercksen Marcus W. , Aaldering Kirsten N. A. , Pepels Manon J. A. E. , van de Winkel Linda , Peters Natascha A. J. B. , Teeuwen-Dedroog Nathalie J. A. , Vriens Ingeborg J. H. , Tjan-Heijnen Vivianne C. G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We assessed the systemic treatment choices and outcomes in patients diagnosed with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive (HER2 +) advanced breast cancer (ABC), for the first four lines of systemic therapy and by hormone receptor (HR) status.

Methods
We identified 330 patients diagnosed with HER2 + ABC in 2013–2018 in the Southeast of The Netherlands, of whom 64% with HR + /HER2 + and 36% with HR-/HER2 + disease. Overall survival (OS) from start of therapy was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results
In real world, 95% of patients with HR + /HER2 + and 74% of patients with HR-/HER2 + disease received systemic therapy. In HR + /HER2 + disease, use of endocrine, chemo- and HER2-targeted therapy was , respectively, 64%, 46% and 60% in first line, and 39%, 64% and 75% in fourth line. In HR-/HER2 + disease, 91–96% of patients received chemotherapy and 77–91% HER2-targeted therapy, irrespective of line of therapy. In patients with HR + /HER2 + disease, median OS was 34.9 months (95%CI:25.8–44.0) for the first line and 12.8 months (95%CI:10.7–14.9) for the fourth line. In HR-/HER2 + disease, median OS was 39.9 months (95%CI:23.9–55.8) for the first line and 15.2 months (95%CI:10.9–19.5) for the fourth line. For patients treated with first-line pertuzumab, trastuzumab plus chemotherapy, median OS was not reached at 56.0 months in HR + /HER2 + disease and 48.4 months (95%CI:32.6–64.3) in HR-/HER2 + disease.

Conclusion
Survival times for later lines of therapy are surprisingly long and justify the use of multiple lines of systemic therapy in well-selected patients with HER2 + ABC. Our real-world evidence adds valuable observations to the accumulating evidence that within HER2 + ABC, the HR status defines two distinct disease subtypes.
Variation of compounds in leaves of susceptible and resistant alternate hosts of Cronartium pini and C. ribicola
Authors: Piispanen Juha , Bergmann Ulrich , Karhu Jouni , Kauppila Tuomas , Kaitera Juha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLeaf compounds may contribute to plant defense againstCronartiumrusts. Secondary compounds are either natural or induced in leaves. We studied the variation of compounds in leaves of six alternate hosts ofCronartium piniand two ofC. ribicolathat represented either susceptible or resistant species to these rusts. Extracts from the plant leaves were analyzed using LC-MSMS (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) and compounds were compared between susceptible and resistant species of the same plant genera to identify significant differences between resistant and susceptible species. Also, LC–MS (liquid chromatography mass spectrometry) with external calibration was used to quantify 12 candidate compounds known from the literature. Among these compounds, the most abundant significant ones inC. pini-resistantMelampyrum pratensewere chlorogenic acid and quercitrin, inVeronica chamaedrysferulic acid, quercitrin and luteolin and inImpatiens glanduliferaquercitrin, ferulic acid, kaempferol, rutin and hyperoside. InC. ribicola-resistantRibes rubrumthe most abundant significant compounds were caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and quercitrin. Among all extracted leaf compounds, concentrations of three compounds were over 1000 times greater in rust-resistantM. pratense, three compounds inV. chamaedrys, eight compounds inI. glandulifera, and one compound inR. rubrumthan in rust-susceptible species. Among the compounds, the most promising possibly linked to rust resistance were chlorogenic acid and quercitrin.
Far Transfer Effects of Trainings on Executive Functions in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis
Authors: Bombonato Clara , Del Lucchese Benedetta , Ruffini Costanza , Di Lieto Maria Chiara , Brovedani Paola , Sgandurra Giuseppina , Cioni Giovanni , Pecini Chiara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExecutive Functions are a set of interrelated, top-down processes essential for adaptive goal-directed behaviour, frequently impaired across different neurodevelopmental disorders with variable degrees of severity. Many executive-function-training studies in children with neurodevelopmental disorders have focused on near effects, investigating post-treatment improvements on directly trained processes, while enhancements of skills not directly trained, defined as far effects, are less considered, albeit these could be extremely relevant for reducing the negative impact of a disorder’s core symptomatology. This systematic review and metanalysis aims to investigate the far effect outcomes after EF training in children with different types of neurodevelopmental disorders. 17 studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review, while 15 studies were selected in the metanalysis. An overall statistically significant effect size was found in the majority of far effect outcome measures considered in the studies. In particular, trainings on executive functions determine significant far effects on daily life functioning (0.46, 95% CI: [0.05–0.87]) and clinical symptoms (0.33, 95% CI: [0.15–0.51]). Despite a high variability of the results, intensity, frequency and the laboratory/life contexts dimension seem to be the most influential variables in determining far effects. This systematic review and metanalysis highlights the need to measure far effects of executive function training in neurodevelopmental disorders, selecting treatments not only on directly targeted processes, but also according to far impacts on the functional weakness of the disorder.
Differentiation in Protest Politics: Participation by Political Insiders and Outsiders
Authors: Borbáth Endre 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe political participation literature has documented a long-term trend of the normalization of noninstitutional participation that is often equated with the conventionalization of engagement in protest politics. Less is known on the extent to which noninstitutional forms are differentiated by their mobilization context. Population surveys find it difficult to contextualize individual engagement, and on-site surveys point to effects that are hard to generalize. This study fills this gap by emphasizing differentiation and distinguishing participation according to the issue of engagement. It introduces a conceptual distinction between political insiders and outsiders, defined based on the extent to which they are embedded in the organizational landscape of the dominant cleavage dimension. Using an original survey conducted in Germany during the Covid-19 crisis, the analysis demonstrates that general-population surveys are fit to examine issue-specific participation patterns. The results expose an insider and outsider divide, captured by the effect of attitudinal and behavioral indicators, and demonstrates that the two groups are equally likely to participate in noninstitutional forms. However, insiders engage on the established issues of climate and anti-racism, whereas outsiders engage on the new issues of Covid-19 related economic assistance and civil liberties restrictions. In addition, dynamic models reveal that noninstitutional participation is rooted in volatile issue preferences. Overall, the paper argues that participation during the Covid-19 crisis has furthered the trend towards a differentiated protest arena.
Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concern from a Wastewater Effluent by Solar-Driven Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: A Case Study of Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Pérez-Lucas Gabriel , Aatik Abderrazak El , Aliste Marina , Navarro Ginés , Fenoll José , Navarro Simón 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The occurrence of emerging micropollutants (pharmaceuticals, pesticides, personal care products, industrial compounds, etc.) in the environment is considered a major threat to human health and aquatic ecosystems. These micropollutants enter the environment through anthropogenic actions and have been identified in surface, ground, waste, and even in drinking water, in quantities ranging from ng L−1 to µg L−1. Currently, the pollution of the global water cycle with persistent organic pollutants remains one of the major challenges of the twenty-first century. Most of these organic substances are only partially removed by conventional wastewater treatment plants. Particularly, considerable amounts of pharmaceuticals are used in human and veterinary medicine, which are not efficiently removed during conventional wastewater treatments and subsequently continuously enter freshwater systems and even agricultural crops. Accordingly, we have evaluated the effectivity of TiO2 as a photocatalyst in tandem with Na2S2O8 as an oxidant for the treatment of a wastewater effluent polluted with pharmaceutical (atenolol, carbamazepine, clarithromycin, erythromycin, irbesartan, and ketoprofen) residues. Results show that the use of solar heterogeneous photocatalysis by means of band-gap semiconductor materials, especially TiO2 in combination with a strong oxidant such as Na2S2O8, significantly enhances their disappearance from the wastewater effluent. However, the selected pharmaceuticals show a slow degradation in wastewater effluent compared to pure water indicating that the occurrence of dissolved salts and organic carbon in wastewater effluent noticeably slows down the efficiency of the treatment. A single first-order model satisfactorily explains the photocatalytic degradation of the compounds studied for both, pure and wastewater. In the case of wastewater effluent, the highest DT50 values were observed for macrolides (13 and 16 min for erythromycin and clarithromycin, respectively), while the other compounds studied showed DT50 values below 10 min. This methodology has a notorious interest in some areas of the Mediterranean basin with water shortage, such as SE of Spain, where more than 3000 h of sunlight per year are recovered.
Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in a medium size oncological center holds adequate oncological and functional outcomes
Authors: Fonseca Jorge , Moraes-Fontes Maria Francisca , Rebola Jorge , Lúcio Rui , Almeida Miguel , Muresan Ciprian , Palmas Artur , Gaivão Ana , Matos Celso , Santos Tiago , Dias Daniela , Sousa Inês , Oliveira Francisco , Ribeiro Ricardo , Lopez-Beltran Antonio , Fraga Avelino 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRetzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RS-RARP) has emerged as a surgical option for patients with prostatic cancer in high-volume centers. The objective is to assess oncological and functional outcomes when implementing RS-RARP in a medium-volume center without previous experience of robotic surgery. This is a prospective observational single-center study. Patients operated between July 2017 and April 2020 were divided into two consecutive groups, A and B, each with 104 patients. The surgeons had prior experience in laparoscopic surgery and underwent robotic training. Positive surgical margin (PSM) status, urinary continence, and erectile function projected by Kaplan–Meier curves, together with patient reported quality of life outcomes at 12 months post-surgery were documented. Median patient age was 63 years (IQR = 59–67), overall PSM rate were 33%, 28% for pT2 disease. Pre-operative values showed no significant difference between both groups. The rate of urinary continence dropped from 81 to 78% (SE = 5.7) (Group A) and from 90 to 72% (SE = 6.3) (Group B) using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. Baseline sexual function was regained in 41% (Group A) and 47% (Group B) of patients. The median Expanded Prostate Index Composite-26 total score decreased from 86 to 82. These outcomes relate favorably to prior reports. There was a clinically significant decrease in median operative time in the successive groups with post-operative complications occurring in less than 2% of surgical procedures overall. A 12-month follow-up suggests that RS-RARP may be safely introduced in a medium-volume center without previous experience of robotic surgery.
Can Robots have Personal Identity?
Authors: Alonso Marcos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article attempts to answer the question of whether robots can have personal identity. In recent years, and due to the numerous and rapid technological advances, the discussion around the ethical implications of Artificial Intelligence, Artificial Agents or simply Robots, has gained great importance. However, this reflection has almost always focused on problems such as the moral status of these robots, their rights, their capabilities or the qualities that these robots should have to support such status or rights. In this paper I want to address a question that has been much less analyzed but which I consider crucial to this discussion on robot ethics: the possibility, or not, that robots have or will one day have personal identity. The importance of this question has to do with the role we normally assign to personal identity as central to morality. After posing the problem and exposing this relationship between identity and morality, I will engage in a discussion with the recent literature on personal identity by showing in what sense one could speak of personal identity in beings such as robots. This is followed by a discussion of some key texts in robot ethics that have touched on this problem, finally addressing some implications and possible objections. I finally give the tentative answer that robots could potentially have personal identity, given other cases and what we empirically know about robots and their foreseeable future.