bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pleckstrin‐2‐promoted PPM1B degradation plays an important role in transforming growth factor‐β‐induced breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis
Authors: Du Liping , Li Junyan , Tian Yonglu , Feng Renqing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTransforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) is known to promote breast cancer cell migration, invasion, and dissemination; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet well characterized. Here, we report that TGF‐β induces pleckstrin‐2 (PLEK2) expression by Smad3 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activating PLEK2 promoter activity. Higher PLEK2 expression is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Overexpression and knockout experiments in MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7 breast cancer cells revealed that PLEK2 promotes cell migration, invasion, and dissemination in 2D and 3D cell culture. Moreover, PLEK2 promotes metastasis of breast cancer cells in vivo. Pleckstrin‐2 localizes to the cell membrane and cell protrusions following TGF‐β treatment. Furthermore, inhibition of PI3K phosphorylation abolishes TGF‐β‐ and PLEK2‐induced cell invasion. The carboxyl‐terminal PH domain of PLEK2 is critical for TGF‐β‐ and PLEK2‐induced Akt activation and plays an important role in cell invasion. Pleckstrin‐2 interacts with PPM1B and promotes its ubiquitin‐dependent degradation. The PLEK2‐PPM1B axis utilizes nuclear factor‐κB signaling to promote cell migration and invasion. Our data implicate the TGF‐β‐STAT3/Smad3‐PLEK2‐PPM1B signaling cascade in TGF‐β‐induced breast cancer cell migration and invasion. These findings suggest that PLEK2/PPM1B could represent novel targets for the intervention of breast cancer metastasis.
Sphingosine kinase‐2 silencing modulates sensitivity of HT‐29 human colorectal cancer cells to paclitaxel‐induced cell death through altering apoptosis‐related proteins
Authors: Mu Yagang , Wang Jian , Li Guang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe sphingosine kinase‐2 (SphK2), a main component of sphingolipid signal transduction, is reported as an innovative therapeutic candidate for cancer treatment. This study was conducted to investigate the suppression of SphK2 in increasing HT‐29 colorectal cancer cells sensitivity to paclitaxel via inducing apoptosis and targeting c‐FLIPS, MCL‐1, and survivin expressions. Cells were transfected with siRNA against SphK2, PTX, or SphK2 activator. Proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assay, and trypan blue staining and ELISA, respectively. SphK2, c‐FLIPS, MCL‐1, and survivin expression were determined by qRT‐PCR and Western blotting. SphK2 siRNA increased cell death induced PTX. SphK2 agonist abolished silencing impact on cell survival. We found down‐expression of C‐FLIPS, MCL‐1, and survivin by SphK2 siRNA transfection either alone or in paclitaxel treated cells, as well as elevation in cell apoptosis. Our results showed that SphK2 suppression may be an effective important modality to enhance cell sensitivity to paclitaxel via the induction of apoptosis in colorectal cancers.
Therapeutic efficacy of caffeic acid phenethyl ester in cancer therapy: An updated review
Authors: Pandey Pratibha , Khan Fahad , Upadhyay Tarun Kumar , Giri Pavan Prakash 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNowadays, there is a lot of public and scientific interest in using phytochemicals to treat human ailments. Existing cancer medicines still run across obstacles, despite significant advancements in the field. For instance, chemotherapy may result in severe adverse effects, increased drug resistance, and treatment failure. Natural substances that are phytochemically derived provide innovative approaches as potent therapeutic molecules for the treatment of cancer. Bioactive natural compounds may enhance chemotherapy for cancer by increasing the sensitivity of cancer cells to medicines. Propolis has been found to interfere with the viability of cancer cells, among other phytochemicals. Of all the components that make up propolis, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) (a flavonoid) has been the subject of the most research. It demonstrates a broad spectrum of therapeutic uses, including antitumor, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective effects. Studies conducted in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated that CAPE specifically targets genes involved in cell death, cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. By altering specific signaling cascades, such as the NF‐κB signaling pathway, CAPE can limit the proliferation of human cancer cells. This review highlights the research findings demonstrating the anticancer potential of CAPE with a focus on multitargeted molecular and biological implications in various cancer models.
Numerical Coarsening with Neural Shape Functions
Authors: Ni Ning , Xu Qingyu , Li Zhehao , Fu Xiao‐Ming , Liu Ligang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe propose to use nonlinear shape functions represented as neural networks in numerical coarsening to achieve generalization capability as well as good accuracy. To overcome the challenge of generalization to different simulation scenarios, especially nonlinear materials under large deformations, our key idea is to replace the linear mapping between coarse and fine meshes adopted in previous works with a nonlinear one represented by neural networks. However, directly applying an end‐to‐end neural representation leads to poor performance due to over‐huge parameter space as well as failing to capture some intrinsic geometry properties of shape functions. Our solution is to embed geometry constraints as the prior knowledge in learning, which greatly improves training efficiency and inference robustness. With the trained neural shape functions, we can easily adopt numerical coarsening in the simulation of various hyperelastic models without any other preprocessing step required. The experiment results demonstrate the efficiency and generalization capability of our method over previous works.
Parenting measurement, normativeness, and associations with child outcomes: Comparing evidence from four non‐Western cultures
Authors: Ren Huiguang , Hart Craig H. , Cheah Charissa S. L. , Porter Chris L. , Nelson David A. , Yavuz‐Müren H. Melis , Gao Wen , Haron Fatimah , Jiang Liuqing , Kawashima Akiko , Shibazaki‐Lau Ai , Nakazawa Jun , Nelson Larry J. , Robinson Clyde C. , Selçuk Ayşe Bilge , Evans‐Stout Cortney , Tan Jo‐Pei , Yang Chongming , Quek Ai‐Hwa , Zhou Nan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study compared parenting across four non‐Western cultures to test cross‐cultural commonality and specificity principles in three aspects: measurement properties, parenting normativeness, and their associations with child outcomes. Both mothers and fathers (N = 1509 dyads) with preschool‐aged children (M = 5.00 years; 48% girls) from urban areas of four countries (Malaysia, N = 372; China, N = 441; Turkey, N = 402; and Japan, N = 294) reported on four parenting constructs (authoritative, authoritarian, group harmony socialization, and intrusive control) and their sub‐dimensions using modified culturally relevant measures. Teachers reported on children's internalizing, externalizing, and prosocial behaviors. The commonality principle was supported by two sets of findings: (1) full measurement invariance was established for most parenting constructs and sub‐dimensions, except that intrusive control only reached partial scalar invariance, and (2) no variations were found in associations between parenting and any child outcomes across cultures or parent gender at the construct level for all four parenting constructs and at the sub‐dimensional level for authoritarian and intrusive control sub‐dimensions. The specificity principle was supported by the other two sets of findings: (1) cross‐cultural differences in parenting normativeness did not follow the pattern of economic development but yielded culture‐specific patterns, and (2) at the sub‐dimensional level, the authoritative parenting and group harmony socialization sub‐dimensions were differently associated with child outcomes across cultures and/or parent gender. The findings suggested that examining specific dimensions rather than broad parenting constructs is necessary to reflect cultural specificities and nuances. Our study provided a culturally‐invariant instrument and a three‐step guide for future parenting research to examine cross‐cultural commonalities/specificities.Research Highlights
This is the first study to use an instrument with measurement invariance across multiple non‐Western cultures to examine the commonality and specificity principles in parenting.
Measurement invariance was achieved across cultures for authoritative and authoritarian parenting, group harmony socialization, intrusive control, and their sub‐dimensions, supporting the commonality principle.
Cross‐cultural differences in parenting normativeness did not follow the pattern of economic development but yielded culture‐specific patterns, supporting the specificity principle.
Both commonalities and specificities were manifested in associations between parenting and child outcomes across cultures.
Use of continuous glucose monitors in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A scoping review
Authors: Bernabe‐Ortiz Antonio , Carrillo‐Larco Rodrigo M. , Safary Elvis , Vetter Beatrice , Lazo‐Porras María 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsThe use of continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) has been shown to have positive impact on diabetes management for people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and gestational diabetes (GDM) in high‐income countries. However, as useful as CGMs are, the experience in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) is limited and has not been summarized.MethodsA scoping review of the scientific literature was conducted. Medline, Embase, Global Health and Scopus were used to seek original research conducted in LMICs. The search results were screened by two reviewers independently. We included studies assessing health outcomes following the use of CGMs at the individual level (e.g. glycaemic control or complications) and at the health system level (e.g. barriers, facilitators and cost‐effectiveness) in English, Portuguese, Spanish and French. Results were summarized narratively.ResultsFrom 4772 records found in database search, 27 reports were included; most of them from China (n = 7), Colombia (n = 5) and India (n = 4). Thirteen reports studied T1DM, five T2DM, seven both T1DM and T2DM and two GDM. Seven reports presented results of experimental studies (five randomized trials and two quasi‐experimental); two on cost‐effective analysis and the remaining 18 were observational. Studies showed that CGMs improved surrogate glycaemic outcomes (HbA1c reduction), hard endpoints (lower hospitalization rates and diabetes complications) and patient‐oriented outcomes (quality of life). However, several caveats were identified: mostly observational studies, few participants in trials, short follow‐up and focused on surrogate outcomes.ConclusionsThe scoping review identified that studies about CGMs in LMICs have several limitations. Stronger study designs, appropriate sample sizes and the inclusion of patient‐important outcomes should be considered to inform the evidence about CGMs for the management of people with diabetes in LMICs.
Efficacy and safety of bexagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pasqualotto Eric , Figueiredo Watanabe Janine Midori , Gewehr Douglas Mesadri , da Silva Maintinguer Raphaela , van de Sande‐Lee Simone , de Araujo Gustavo Neves , Leal Fidel Silveira , Pinheiro Carlos Eduardo Andrade 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the efficacy of bexagliflozin in reducing glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and the occurrence of side effects in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical trials published up until 15 February 2023. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c. We computed weighted mean differences (WMDs) for continuous outcomes and odds ratios (ORs) for binary endpoints, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of six studies and 3111 patients were included, of whom 1951 were prescribed bexagliflozin. Compared with placebo, bexagliflozin significantly reduced HbA1c levels (WMD –0.53%; 95% CI –0.75, –0.31), fasting plasma glucose levels (WMD –1.45 mmol/L; 95% CI –2.32, –0.57), systolic blood pressure (WMD –4.66 mmHg; 95% CI –6.41, –2.92), diastolic blood pressure (WMD –2.12 mmHg; 95% CI –3.94, –0.30), body weight overall (WMD –1.61 kg; 95% CI –2.14, –1.07), and body weight in patients with a body mass index >25 kg/m2 (WMD –2.05 kg; 95% CI –2.78, –1.31). The proportion of patients who achieved HbA1c < 7% was higher in patients who received bexagliflozin as compared with placebo (OR 1.94; 95% CI 1.36‐2.78). There were no significant differences between groups regarding side effects such as hypoglycaemia, genital mycotic infection, urinary tract infection, diarrhoea, headache, nausea, polyuria, diabetic ketoacidosis, or all‐cause mortality.ConclusionsIn this meta‐analysis, the use of bexagliflozin was associated with improved clinical and laboratory measures in patients with T2DM compared with placebo, with a similar profile of side effects. These findings support the efficacy of bexagliflozin in the treatment of T2DM.
Does geopolitical risk matter for corporate investment decisions? Evidence from cross‐border acquisitions
Authors: Cao Chunfang , Li Xiaoyang , Liu Guilin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHeightened geopolitical risk has become the new normal. We study the effects of geopolitical risks on cross‐border acquisition activity. Using military alliance to proxy for the degree of geopolitical risks, we find that the formation of military alliance between two countries is associated with greater cross‐border acquisition flows. Using the recent North Atlantic Treaty Organization enlargements as identification strategy, we find stronger effects of military alliance, especially with defense pacts. One important channel is that military alliance can substitute for target countries’ institutional quality and minimize extreme geopolitical threats faced by acquirers. We find that countries with poor governance and weaker legal enforcement benefit more from military alliance, especially by receiving inbound acquisitions from major military powers. These findings highlight the role of military alliance in the global market for corporate control by reducing geopolitical risks.
On Deciding The Aims and Content of Public Schooling
Authors: Tillson John 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, John Tillson defends an approach to deciding the aims and content of public schooling from the critique of Public Reason Liberalism. The approach that he defends is an unrestricted pairing of the Epistemic Criterion and of the Momentousness Criterion. On the Epistemic Criterion, public schooling should align students' credence with credibility. On the Momentousness Criterion, public schooling ought to include content that it is costly for children to lack the correct view about, where they are otherwise unlikely to have it. Public Reason Liberals seek to restrict both the Epistemic and Momentousness Criteria to within a range that is acceptable to politically reasonable citizens. In response, Tillson argues, first, that the considerations that encourage Public Reason Liberalism instead motivate unrestricted versions of the Epistemic and Momentousness Criteria; and, second, that Public Reason Liberalism faces a dilemma, that it either entails absurd consequences or must undermine itself in addressing these.
Self‐reported restrictions in different life domains and associated factors among people with multiple sclerosis in Sweden
Authors: Teni Fitsum Sebsibe , Machado Alejandra , Murley Chantelle , Fink Katharina , Gyllensten Hanna , Dervish Jessica , Hillert Jan , Friberg Emilie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThe heterogeneous symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) can considerably impact the lives of people with MS (PwMS). The aim of this study was to describe the extent of restrictions in different life domains that PwMS experience in relation to their symptoms and level of disability.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among working‐age PwMS in Sweden. The 4052 participants who answered the questions on restrictions in work and private life domains (family, leisure activities, and contact with friends/acquaintances) were included. Predictors of restrictions in the four domains were determined through multinomial logistic regression.ResultsApproximately one‐third of the PwMS reported no restrictions in the domains of work (35.7%), family (38.7%), leisure activities (31.1%) or contact with friends/acquaintances (40.3%), the remaining participants reported moderate to severe restrictions. Tiredness/fatigue was the most commonly reported most‐limiting symptom (49.5%). PwMS with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores of zero reported restrictions in life domains ranging from 39.6% (friends/acquaintances) to 45.7% (leisure activities). Age, sex, education, type of living area, MS type, type of most‐limiting symptom, and EDSS score predicted restrictions in work and private life domains.ConclusionsMost PwMS reported similar levels of restrictions in both their work and private lives. Restrictions in these life domains were also reported by PwMS with low disability levels (EDSS = 0) and were often associated with invisible symptoms such as fatigue. Even in a contemporary MS cohort, close to 90% of PwMS report limitations due to MS.
Edge computing driven sustainable development: A case study on professional farmer cultivation mechanism
Authors: Yuan Hui , Nie Hong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNew‐type professional farmers are new‐type rural talents with scientific and cultural literacy and professional knowledge of agriculture under the background of rural revitalization. The new type of professional farmers is of great significance for accelerating agricultural modernization and promoting the construction of a powerful modern socialist country. In the process of cultivating new types of professional farmers in rural areas, it is necessary to break through the previous informatization constraints of poor information flow, and give full play to the role of advanced information technology to promote the sustainable economic development. This paper proposes a new type of professional farmer cultivation platform based on edge computing architecture to improve the cultivation efficiency of new type of professional farmers, so as to better promote the development of rural informatization. Aiming at the challenges of energy consumption under the edge platform architecture, this paper proposes a dynamic scheduling method for semi‐online tasks for edge computing platforms. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm, the method in this paper is compared with the classic scheduling algorithm, and simulated and verified on the CloudSim platform. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other algorithms in the task completion time metric. With the expansion of task scale, more energy consumption can be saved by using the algorithm proposed in this paper.
A hierarchical automatic phoneme recognition model forHindi‐Devanagariconsonants using machine learning technique
Authors: Malakar Mousumi , Keskar Ravindra B. , Zadgaonkar Ajit 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA phoneme is perceptually the smallest distinct sound unit distinguished among words in a particular language. Every language has its own set of phonemes, and all the words are ordered sequences of phonemes. Therefore, phoneme recognition is essential to automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. Phonemes of a language can be classified together using a single machine learning (ML) model through the direct classification (also known as thebaselineorflatclassification) approach. However, it is observed that the performance of such phoneme recognition degrades with the increase in the number of phoneme classes. The challenge is pronounced in languages with a larger number of phoneme classes, like Hindi, which has 48 phonemes. In this paper, we propose a speaker‐independent hierarchical classification approach for 33 Hindi‐Devanagari consonants/phonemes using cepstral features with ML techniques like support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and fully connected deep neural network (DNN). In this hierarchical approach, a given phoneme is classified into successive subgroups until the particular phoneme class is identified. To perform the classification task, a binary or multi‐class classifier is invoked for each internal (non‐leaf) node in the hierarchy tree. Our model identified pairs ofOptimal Feature Sets(based onmutual information) and thebest suitable ML classifierfor each internal decision node in the hierarchy using 10‐fold cross‐validation to help in efficient classification. Our proposed hierarchical model leads to better accuracy and 57% improved performance for phoneme recognition compared with the non‐hierarchical, that is, thedirect classificationapproach.
Satellite solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence tracks physiological drought stress development during 2020 southwest US drought
Authors: Zhang Yao , Fang Jianing , Smith William Kolby , Wang Xian , Gentine Pierre , Scott Russell L. , Migliavacca Mirco , Jeong Sujong , Litvak Marcy , Zhou Sha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMonitoring and estimating drought impact on plant physiological processes over large regions remains a major challenge for remote sensing and land surface modeling, with important implications for understanding plant mortality mechanisms and predicting the climate change impact on terrestrial carbon and water cycles. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory 3 (OCO‐3), with its unique diurnal observing capability, offers a new opportunity to track drought stress on plant physiology. Using radiative transfer and machine learning modeling, we derive a metric of afternoon photosynthetic depression from OCO‐3 solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) as an indicator of plant physiological drought stress. This unique diurnal signal enables a spatially explicit mapping of plants' physiological response to drought. Using OCO‐3 observations, we detect a widespread increasing drought stress during the 2020 southwest US drought. Although the physiological drought stress is largely related to the vapor pressure deficit (VPD), our results suggest that plants' sensitivity to VPD increases as the drought intensifies and VPD sensitivity develops differently for shrublands and grasslands. Our findings highlight the potential of using diurnal satellite SIF observations to advance the mechanistic understanding of drought impact on terrestrial ecosystems and to improve land surface modeling.