bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Role of Therapy that Targets Immune Checkpoint Proteins for the Treatment of Melanoma Brain Metastasis, Liver, Breast, Pancreatic Cancer and Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Mohammed Smaa Elsayed , Youssef Basma Aml , Ghonai Doaa Alaa , Ahmed Eman Fares , Mohammed Esraa Gharieb , Abdo Mai Ashraf , Mohammed Mai Essam , Hassan Rana Gharieb , Mohammed Reem  Mohammed , Abd Al-Azeem Rofida Ahmed , Swelem Sarah Adel , Salman Sarah Ouda , Al-aiyq Sarah Mohammed , Taha Toka Taha , Moawad Zainab Khalid 
Published: December 2022

Checkpoint inhibitors are a type of immune therapy used to treat different types of cancers. These drugs block different checkpoint proteins, for example, CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 inhibitors.
They block proteins that stop the immune system from attacking the cancer cells. Checkpoints are also described as a type of monoclonal antibody that antagonizes binding between B7 to CTLA-4 and PD-L1 to PD-1.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are used to treat BARCA mutated triple-negative breast cancer (TNBCS) in patients who do not respond to chemotherapy, and also in the treatment of highly mutated and solid tumors such as brain tumors, liver, and pancreatic cancers.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors exhibit an effect on solid tumors by suppressing CTLA-4, PD-1, and PDL-1. Anti-PD-1 is less toxic than anti-CTLA-4.
For melanoma Brain metastasis immune checkpoint therapy is more effective and Combination therapy has great efficacy and less toxicity which improves overall survival rather than individual therapy
liver cancer as hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma used treatment with Genetics based therapy while using alternative immune checkpoint ligands, co-inhibitory (eg. LAG-3) or decreased t-cell infiltration causing therapy failure.
Clinical studies for pancreatic cancer have not been completed yet and treating PDA needs more research as immune checkpoint inhibitors is a new treatment against PDA. A new potent class of nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and ipilimumab have been FDA approved.
For mutated tumors, Combination therapy between checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy has great efficacy and improves the city of life and overall survival, rather than individual therapy when using radiation or chemotherapy alone.
Assessment of Severity of Pancreatitis by Computerized Tomography Using Revised Atlanta Classification and Comparison with BISAP Clinical Scoring System
Authors: Sagi Srikanth , Bharati Keerthi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background: Untreated acute pancreatitis can have high morbidity and mortality. It is a serious gastrointestinal emergency. Its incidence is approximately 51.0 % and it can cause both local and systemic problems. The diagnosis usually involves laboratory tests like amylase and lipase as well as an ultrasound exam. The ideal imaging test is a contrast-enhanced CT scan. This study used scoring systems based on laboratory and radiological investigations to determine the clinical progression and outcome.

Methods
: Patients who were diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and in whom computed tomography was done were included. From the imaging findings, the category and subcategory of acute pancreatitis and types of fluid collections were described in these patients using the revised Atlanta classification. BISAP score was calculated in all these patients. The clinical outcome assessed in these patients is the duration of stay in the hospital, mortality, presence of persistent organ failure, the occurrence of infection and need for intervention. Finally, the correlation between the Revised Atlanta classification and BISAP score was analyzed and compared with clinical outcomes.

Results: The analysis of the correlation between Revised Atlanta classification severity grade and BISAP score, among the n=57 patients with mild acute pancreatitis n=56, had BISAP score less than 3 and only one had BISAP score greater or equal to three. Among the n=25 patients graded as moderately severe acute pancreatitis, n=20 cases had a BISAP score of less than 3 and n=5 had BISAP score greater than or equal to three. Among the n=08 patients graded as severe acute pancreatitis, n=3 had a BISAP score of less than 3 and n=5 had BISAP score greater than or equal to three.

Conclusion: Standardizing nomenclature and facilitating proper documentation of a variety of imaging abnormalities in acute pancreatitis is made possible by incorporating the new Atlanta categorization system into daily practice. We can triage, predict, and treat patients with acute pancreatitis with greater precision by integrating the new Atlanta classification with BISAP clinical grading, significantly improving medical care.
Mid Shaft Clavicle Fractures- Plate vs Titanium Elastic Nail System
Authors: Kalluraya Suryakanth , Hosangadi A. A. , I Sandeep , M Nagendra Prasad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It was believed that “all clavicle fractures heal well” is no longer valid. Recent trend is towards operative management, consists of Pre-contoured plate or Titanium Elastic Nail System(TENS) application. Plate fixation remains the mainstay of treatment but Titanium Elastic Nail System application has gained attention in recent years. This study highlights the comparison between two most common modalities available for treatment of mid-shaft clavicle fractures.

Objectives:Compare the functional outcome using Neer’s scoring system, radiological outcome and secondary outcomes between two treatment groups.

Methods:Patients satisfying inclusion criteria were included in our study and randomized into Group A-operated with plate fixation and Group B-operated with TENS. Routine postoperative protocol and physiotherapy followed. Regular follow up carried out and assessed as per protocol.

Results: We had 15 patients in each group by end of our study. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographics, time to surgery, fracture types. Duration of hospital stay, mean fracture union time were significantly shorter and cosmetically more satisfied in TENS group. Operative time, length of incision, peri-operative blood loss was significantly higher in plate group and length of clavicle better restored. Functional outcome was excellent with no significant difference between two groups.

Conclusion:Both methods return the patients to their pre-injury functional levels without significant complications with excellent functional outcome. Titanium Elastic Nail System application has a shorter operative time, lesser duration of hospital stay, lower infection rate and better cosmetic outcome suggesting this is the preferred method with no comminution whereas plate fixation is superior in comminuted fractures.
Efecto del Abonamiento en el carbono orgánico del suelo y rendimiento de brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) bajo riego tecnificado
Authors: Rivera - Cano Lorgio Miguel 
Published: December 2022

Se evaluó el efecto del abonamiento orgánico en el rendimiento de brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) cv. Paraíso y carbono orgánico del suelo (COS), en la localidad de Cayhuayna, Huánuco (09°58´12” Lat. Sur; 76°15´08” Long. Oeste; 1943 msnm), de noviembre del 2018 a febrero del 2019. Los abonos orgánicos fueron: T1 (kimelgran: 470,63 kg/ha), T2 (Biot-313,75 kg/ha) y T0 (200-120-60). Se empleó el Diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar (DBCA), con tres tratamientos y 3 repeticiones. No se presentaron diferencias significativas en el peso fresco de pella entre los tratamientos T1 (452,2 g) y T2 (375,2 g), del mismo modo con respecto al diámetro de pellas, para el T1 (13,66 cm) y T2 (12,81 cm). El mayor valor alcanzado en rendimiento correspondió al tratamiento T1 con 14,22 t/ha. En el contenido de carbono orgánico del suelo (COS) de 0 a 30 cm de profundidad hubo diferencias significativas para T1 y T2, donde el mayor incremento se obtuvo con el tratamiento T1, representado por 14,22 t/ha. No se halló diferencias estadísticas entre profundidades. No obstante, se determinó que la mayor acumulación de carbono se encontró para el T1 en los primeros estratos, 0-10 y 10-20 cm con 16,32 t/ha y 16,46 t/ha, respectivamente.
Palabras clave: COS, Materia orgánica, abonos, riego por goteo.
The acoustic and daylighting effects of external façade sun shading systems
Authors: Secchi Simone , Fausti Patrizio , Cellai Gianfranco , Parente Martina , Santoni Andrea , Zuccherini Martello Nicolò 
Published: December 2022

External sun shading devices are increasingly used in sustainable buildings to reduce the greenhouse effect in the summer and the glare effect due to direct solar irradiation through transparent surfaces. The acoustic effects of these devices have been investigated in recent studies that suggest the possibility of optimising these elements to improve acoustic comfort in indoor environments, even with open windows. Nevertheless, there are few studies that analyse the combined effect of these devices on acoustic attenuation and improved daylighting.
In this paper, the results of acoustics and daylighting simulations are reported, considering different dimensions, distances of the louvres and orientations of the façade. The main results of previous works concerning the effect of lining the bottom side of each louvre with sound-absorbing material are also briefly summarised. The acoustic effects of different configurations of the louvres are evaluated in terms of Insertion Loss in the façade plane. For the lighting simulations (daylight factor, daylighting uniformity and daylight glare probability), the variation of the shielding effect is studied considering the spacing between the louvres and the orientation of the façade for different times and seasons for latitude in the South of Europe.
Semiótica: a narratividade como dimensão orgânica do cinema
Authors: Sousa queiroz Filipe Artur 
Published: December 2022

O objetivo central deste trabalho é delinear a dimensão da narratividade na atividade fílmica. Para tanto, trabalha-se, com a análise fílmica da obra de Quentin Tarantino em uma estratégia de localizá-lo na teorização do filósofo brasileiro André Parente. A partir do procedimento de significação e de compreensão do cinema como produtor de signos, sua localização dentro da semiótica deleuziana faz-se como legítima e a narratividade no cinematográfico surge, então, como algo orgânico, o que acaba por viabilizar futuras aproximações entre história e cinema.
Palavras-chave: narratividade; Tarantino; semiótica; cinematográfico.
UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE OS PRINCIPAIS DESAFIOS PEDAGÓGICOS E EMOCIONAIS ENFRENTADOS POR PROFESSORES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL II DE DUAS ESCOLAS PARTICULARES DE BELO HORIZONTE E UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA DE SANTA LUZIA COM O RETORNO DAS AULAS PRESENCIAIS
Authors: Alves Maria Alessandra Lima , Bueno Simone da Fonseca , Oliveira Viviane Batista , Nonato Gleides Ander 
Published: December 2022

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar os principais desafios emocionais e pedagógicos enfrentados por professores do Ensino Fundamental II de duas escolas da rede privada Belo Horizonte e de uma escola pública de Santa Luzia com o retorno das aulas presenciais. A metodologia utilizada foi descritiva com uma abordagem qualitativa, sendo realizado um trabalho de campo. Os resultados mostraram que, para a maior parte dos professores entrevistados, a ansiedade e a depressão foram os problemas emocionais mais recorrentes e que a busca por ajuda profissional nem sempre foi uma alternativa. Já os alunos, apresentaram dificuldades de socialização com o retorno das aulas presenciais. O uso da tecnologia foi um agravante, pois boa parte dos professores não conhecia as ferramentas que foram utilizadas no período das aulas on-line e nem sempre a escola ofereceu um suporte. A unanimidade entre os professores tanto da escola pública, quanto das escolas privadas, foi a percepção do déficit de aprendizagem que os alunos apresentaram no retorno das aulas presenciais e uma elevada porcentagem desses profissionais associa esse fato à falta de interesse dos alunos e também à ausência do contato direto docente-discente, fato que prejudicou a compreensão do conteúdo aplicado. Outro ponto em comum é a ciência de que se faz necessário um trabalho em conjunto, uma parceria entre todos os atores da área pedagógica, para que os rumos da educação sejam melhores do que o cenário apresentado atualmente.
GERENCIAMENTO NA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL: CONTROLE DE CUSTOS APLICADO A OBRAS RESIDENCIAIS
Authors: Marcos Simon Soares , Lúcio Matheus Gomes 
Published: December 2022

O presente estudo considera a importância do gerenciamento na construção civil e o controle de custos para garantir que o planejado ocorra com regularidade e que se possa minimizar o efeito do grande número de variáveis capazes de impactar os resultados das obras. Buscou-se questionar, se a metodologia de gerenciamento com aplicabilidade de técnicas e ferramentas de controle de custos pode orientar gestores e empreendedores no gerenciamento de uma obra de construção. O objetivo do estudo foi demonstrar a importância das ferramentas e técnicas de controle de custos utilizando um empreendimento realizado pela empresa Beta no município de Betim/ MG, além de avaliar as razões para o surgimento de eventuais prejuízos no seguimento. Foi constatado que as etapas de identificação do material empregado e desenvolvimento da obra, apresentavam os maiores desvios de custos, acarretando prejuízos significativos e no empreendimento em questão, o ônus existente está relacionado a um equívoco nas informações de metragem/volume das estacas de fundação. Concluiu-se que o controle de custos pode de fato lançar mão de ferramentas que se baseiam em metodologias fundamentadas de estimativas de custos, no entanto estas estabelecem critérios para os serviços de construção, suas atividades e tarefas. O resultado de um adequado gerenciamento e controle de custos pode identificar uma falha (desvio) entre o que foi planejado e orçado, e o que se apresenta na execução da obra, possibilitando e fundamentando a tomada de decisão para sanar os problemas identificados.
IMPORTÂNCIA DO ENFERMEIRO FRENTE A UMA RESSUSCITAÇÃO CARDIOPULMONAR EM AMBIENTE INTRA-HOSPITALAR
Authors: Facundo Denise Adriane de Farias 
Published: December 2022

A participação do enfermeiro em uma ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (RCP) é de extrema importância é indispensável que esteja devidamente capacitado em lidar com as situações mais extremas, como é o caso da parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR), e desenvolvendo ações que prestadas permitam melhora na qualidade e no prognóstico do paciente. Considerando a gravidade do problema a pesquisa delimitou se em colher informações sobre a participação do enfermeiro neste evento. O artigo tem como objetivo descrever a importância do enfermeiro identificando suas atribuições em uma PCR em ambiente intra-hospitalar. Foi utilizado consulta eletrônica nas bases de dados, BVS (Biblioteca virtual em Saúde), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO).Incluíram estudos em língua portuguesa e inglesa , protocolo selecionado e os demais documentos que estão com critérios de atualizações como segue American Heart Association, a pesquisa está entre os anos de 2012 à 2021. Foram excluídos estudos fora do recorte temporal e fora da temática. Considerou-se 22 publicações, dentre as 42 analisadas, entre eles: protocolos, artigos, revistas e monografias, que estavam em conformidade com o assunto proposto. O enfermeiro exerce uma influência nessas ações, sendo um fator crítico para determinar o sucesso do atendimento, este estudo possibilitou relevância do seu trabalho durante uma parada cardiorrespratória (PCR) , fazendo se necessario mais pesquisas, para melhor abordagem do tema. O enfermeiro também atuando como líder nesse evento, faz com que lhe seja atribuído responsabilidades, o que o faz se destacar nesse atendimento.
Implementasi Sistem Cuti Menjelang Bebas Narapidana pada Rumah Tahanan Negara Kelas I Kota Makassar
Authors: Nurdin Abd Rahman , Jusman  , Syamel Sitti Sahara 
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi sistem cuti menjelang bebas narapidana pada rumah tahanan negara kelas satu kota Makassar, pendekatan penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah sepuluh orang yang dipilih secara purposive. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model interaktif miles. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi sistem cuti menjelang bebas narapidana pada rumah tahanan negara kelas satu kota Makassar melalui tahap syarat substansial jangka waktu CMB yaitu narapidana yang telah memenuhi syarat antara lain telah menjalani masa pidana sekurang-kurangnya (dua pertiga) tahun. Syarat Administratif yaitu proses pengumpulan berkas seperti fotokopi Kartu Keluarga (KK), fotokopi Kartu Tanda Penduduk (KTP) dan Kartu Keluarga Penjamin (KKP) dan meterai sepuluh ribu, Proses kebijakan Pembinaan membimbing terpidana agar bertobat, mendidik supaya ia menjadi seorang anggota masyarakat sosialis Indonesia yang berguna. Tujuan kebijakan yaitu memberikan pendidikan secara holistik yang menghubungkan dimensi moral dengan ranah sosial dalam kehidupan peserta didik sebagai fondasi bagi terbentuknya generasi yang berkualitas yang mampu hidup mandiri dan memiliki prinsip suatu kebenaran yang dapat dipertanggung jawabkan.
Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung di Kecamatan Sukamakmur Kabupaten Bogor Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Fajri Muhammad Nur , Kurnia Insan 
Published: December 2022

Burung adalah komponen unik ekosistem yang dapat dijumpai di berbagai lanskap termasuk lanskap pedesaan. Dominasi kegiatan pertanian menjadi ciri lanskap ini. Kecamatan Sukmakmur Kabupaten Bogor merupakan lanskap pedesaan yang belum pernah terdapat publikasi berkaitan dengan ornitologi di wilayah ini. Peran penting burung serta manfaatnya bagi lingkungan, menjadikannya alasan penting untuk melakukan penelitian yang terkait dengan keanekaragaman jenis burung di suatu wilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman jenis burung di Kecamatan Sukamakmur Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan pada Bulan Maret sampai Mei 2021 di delapan tipe habitat yaitu hutan sengon, hutan akasia, kebun campuran, semak belukar, padang rumput, sawah, danau, dan sungai. Data burung diambil dengan metode IPA berukuran diameter 40 meter selama 10 menit. Data habitat diambil dengan mendeskripsikan kondisi vegetasi yang dominan. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk status jenis burung, sementara data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan chi-square, indeks keanekaragaman jenis, dan indeks kemerataan. Keanekaragaman jenis burung yang dijumpai sebanyak 35 jenis dari 22 suku dan 10 ordo tersebar di seluruh tipe habitat. Seluruh jenis burung merupakan catatan baru ornitologi untuk Kecamatan Sukamakmur. Enam jenis burung termasuk dilindungi perundangan Indonesia dan dua jenis termasuk dalam Daftar Apendiks CITES. Satu jenis burung yaitu Ayamhutan hijau (Gallus varius) termasuk jenis unik yang tidak dijumpai pada wilayah lain yang berdekatan sehingga menjadi ciri jenis burung di lanskap pedesaan Kecamatan Sukamakmur. Jenis burung paling banyak ditemukan di habitat kebun campuran dan padang rumput (25 jenis burung), sementara yang paling sedikit adalah habitat sawah (tujuh jenis burung). Tiga jenis burung dapat ditemukan di seluruh tipe habitat. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman jenis burung tertinggi di habitat sungai (H’=2,71) dan terendah di habitat hutan sengon (H’=1,67). Nilai indeks kemerataan jenis burung tertinggi di habitat hutan akasia (E=0,97) dan terendah di habitat sawah (E=0,70).
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUASAN KONSUMEN DIDALAM PEMBAYARAN PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI KOTA PEMATANG SIANTAR (Studi Kasus Pembayaran Pajak Kendaraan Bemotor di Gerai Samsat Pematang Siantar)
Authors: Simatupang Lamsinar , Saragih Liharman , Tarigan Vitryani 
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan konsumen didalam pembayaran pajak kendaran bermotor di kota Pematangsiantar. Sampel yang diteliti sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis faktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa telah terbentuk menjadi 5 faktor yaitu faktor Kualitas Pelayanan, faktor Kualitas Produk, faktor Kemudahan, Faktor Emosional dan faktor Harga. Dalam analisis faktor menunjukkan nilai KMO measure of adequancy sebesar 0,865 > 0,5 dan anti-image terlihat MSA > 0,5. Dari hasil total variance explained menunjukkan faktor yang paling dominan dalam penelitian ini total initial eingenvalues Kualitas Pelayanan 10,483 > 1, total initial eingenvalues Kualitas produk 2,072 > 1, total initial eingenvalues kemudahan 1,537 > 1, total initial eingenvalues emosional 1,172 > 1 dan faktor Harga 1,005> 1 .Kata Kunci:Kualitas pelayanan, Kualitas Produk , Kemudahan, Faktor Emosional dan Harga
Protocolo VExUS como predictor de lesión renal aguda en paciente en estado de choque séptico, Hospital Clínico Viedma, Cochabamba, Bolivia
Authors: Villalta Fernandez Roxana , Espinoza Arnez Alejandra Natalia , Vargas Salazar Dubeyza Lineth , Ortega Martinez Rommer Alex 
Published: December 2022

Determinar que método es el más adecuado para evaluar la congestión venosa, continúa siendo un enigma sin resolver; esta aumenta la presión venosa y la contrapresión, llegando a disminuir el flujo sanguíneo renal, la alteración de flujo venoso intrarenal y hepático. El cual se ha asociado a la lesión renal aguda (LRA) en pacientes con choque séptico.
Es un estudio de tipo observacional, analítico, prospectivo y longitudinal, que incluyo pacientes con diagnóstico de choque séptico, se les realizaron mediciones de ecografía, utilizando el protocolo VExUS, donde se mide la vena cava inferior, el doppler de la vena hepática, porta y renal, durante las primeras 48 horas del ingreso. Se aplicaron parámetros KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) para diagnóstico de LRA.
En cuanto a los resultados, treinta y seis pacientes fueron reclutados para el estudio. La edad media fue de 48 ± 12, con 58 % del sexo masculino. El análisis de asociación y puntuación VExUS con grado de LRA, en los tres días de valoración con índice de Pearson fue de (0.636; 0.551; 0.779 con P= <0.05), respaldando al protocolo VExUS como predictor de LRA, con riesgo relativo de RR=3.87 (IC de 95 %, 0.664-22.575) al tercer día. Los signos de sobrecarga de líquidos no se correlacionaron con LRA.
En conclusión, el estudio muestra que el protocolo VExUS, demostrar la congestión venosa en paciente con choque séptico, sería de gran utilidad como predictor de LRA, importante en la toma de decisión, para una intervención oportuna.
Analisis Faktor Penghambat Pencapaian Pajak Bumi Dan Bangunan (PBB)
Authors: Nurbudiwati  , Purnawan Ade , Achmad Fauzi Helmi 
Published: December 2022

Pencapaian target penerimaan pajak bumi dan bangunan tidak dapat dijadikan acuan atau ukuran untuk menentukkan tingkat kesadaran masyarakat. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh petugas desa untuk dapat mengajak wajib pajak serta masyarakat dalam pemberian penyuluhan, peningkatan pelayanan serta dalam pemberian penghargaan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk membayar PBB karena kesadaran membayar pajak bumi dan bangunan itu timbul dari diri pribadi wajib pajak sendiri, maka pada hakikatnya membayar PBB merupakan salah satu perwujudan kegotong-royongan nasional dalam membantu pembangunan nasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. lokasi penelitian di Desa Tarogong, Kecamatan Tarogong Kidul. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan wajib pajak, petugas kecamatan serta petugas desa. Selain itu digunakan pula beberapa data dan dokumen untuk menunjang kelengkapan dan kedalaman informasi yang dibutuhkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada 4 faktor yang mempengaruhi rendahnya kesadaran wajib pajak dalam membayar PBB yaitu: (1) kurangnya informasi dari pihak pemerintah kepada rakyat/wajib pajak, (2) adanya kebocoran didalam penarikan pajak, (3) adanya penyebab kultural antara lain kondisi wajib pajak belum memiliki uang, dan (4),faktor ekonomi yaitu kondisi wajib pajak yang miskin sehingga sulit membayar pajak bumi dan bangunan.