bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation in garments optimized for compliance
Authors: Juthberg R. , Flodin J. , Guo L. , Rodriguez S. , Persson N. K. , Ackermann P. W. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Physical inactivity is associated with muscle atrophy and venous thromboembolism, which may be prevented by neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). This study aimed to investigate the effect on discomfort, current amplitude and energy consumption when varying the frequency and phase duration of low-intensity NMES (LI-NMES) via a sock with knitting-integrated transverse textile electrodes (TTE).

Methods
On eleven healthy participants (four females), calf-NMES via a TTE sock was applied with increasing intensity (mA) until ankle-plantar flexion at which point outcomes were compared when testing frequencies 1, 3, 10 and 36 Hz and phase durations 75, 150, 200, 300 and 400 µs. Discomfort was assessed with a numerical rating scale (NRS, 0–10) and energy consumption was calculated and expressed in milli-Joule (mJ). Significance set to p ﻿≤ 0.05.

Results
1 Hz yielded a median (inter-quartile range) NRS of 2.4 (1.0–3.4), significantly lower than both 3 Hz with NRS 2.8 (1.8–4.2), and 10 Hz with NRS 3.4 (1.4–5.4) (both p ≤ .014). Each increase in tested frequency resulted in significantly higher energy consumption, e.g. 0.6 mJ (0.5–0.8) for 1 Hz vs 14.9 mJ (12.3–21.2) for 36 Hz (p = .003). Longer phase durations had no significant effect on discomfort despite generally requiring significantly lower current amplitudes. Phase durations 150, 200 and 400 µs required significantly lower energy consumption compared to 75 µs (all p ≤ .037).

Conclusion
LI-NMES applied via a TTE sock produces a relevant plantar flexion of the ankle with the best comfort and lowest energy consumption using 1 Hz and phase durations 150, 200 or 400 µs.
Single-centre experience with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for neuroendocrine tumours (NETs): results using a theranostic molecular imaging-guided approach
Authors: Gordon S. , Chan D. L. H. , Bernard E. J. , Eslick M. E. , Willowson K. P. , Roach P. J. , Engel A. F. , Maher R. , Clarke S. J. , Agarwal V. , Yasmin L. , De Silva M. , Mascall S. , Conner A. , Nevell D. , Pavlakis N. , Bailey D. L. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aim
To summarise our centre’s experience managing patients with neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) in the first 5 years after the introduction of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-octreotate (LUTATE). The report emphasises aspects of the patient management related to functional imaging and use of radionuclide therapy.

Methods
We describe the criteria for treatment with LUTATE at our centre, the methodology for patient selection, and the results of an audit of clinical measures, imaging results and patient-reported outcomes. Subjects are treated initially with four cycles of ~ 8 GBq of LUTATE administered as an outpatient every 8 weeks.

Results
In the first 5 years offering LUTATE, we treated 143 individuals with a variety of NETs of which approx. 70% were gastroentero-pancreatic in origin (small bowel: 42%, pancreas: 28%). Males and females were equally represented. Mean age at first treatment with LUTATE was 61 ± 13 years with range 28–87 years. The radiation dose to the organs considered most at risk, the kidneys, averaged 10.6 ± 4.0 Gy in total. Median overall survival (OS) from first receiving LUTATE was 72.5 months with a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 32.3 months. No evidence of renal toxicity was seen. The major long-term complication seen was myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with a 5% incidence.

Conclusions
LUTATE treatment for NETs is a safe and effective treatment. Our approach relies heavily on functional and morphological imaging informing the multidisciplinary team of NET specialists to guide appropriate therapy, which we suggest has contributed to the favourable outcomes seen.
Spondyloenchondrodysplasia in five new patients: identification of three novel ACP5 variants with variable neurological presentations
Authors: Elhossini Rasha M. , Elbendary Hasnaa M. , Rafat Karima , Ghorab Raghda M. , Abdel-Hamid Mohamed S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSpondyloenchondrodysplasia (SPENCD) is an immune-osseous disorder caused by biallelic variants in ACP5 gene and is less commonly associated with neurological abnormalities such as global developmental delay, spasticity and seizures. Herein, we describe five new patients from four unrelated Egyptian families with complex clinical presentations including predominant neurological presentations masking the skeletal and immunological manifestations. All our patients had spasticity with variable associations of motor and mental delay or epilepsy. All except for one patient had bilateral calcification in the basal ganglia. One patient had an associated growth hormone deficiency with fair response to growth hormone therapy (GH) where the height improved from −3.0 SD before GH therapy to −2.35 SD at presentation. Patients had different forms of immune dysregulation. All patients except for one had either cellular immunodeficiency (3 patients) or combined immunodeficiency (1 patient). Whole exome sequencing was performed and revealed four ACP5 variants: c.629C > T (p.Ser210Phe), c.526C > T (p.Arg176Ter), c.742dupC (p.Gln248ProfsTer3) and c.775G > A (p.Gly259Arg). Of them, three variants were not described before. Our study reinforces the striking phenotypic variability associated with SPENCD and expands the mutational spectrum of this rare disorder. Further, it documents the positive response to growth hormone therapy in the studied patient.
Transcriptomic reprogramming for neuronal age reversal
Authors: Plesa Alexandru M. , Shadpour Michael , Boyden Ed , Church George M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAging is a progressive multifaceted functional decline of a biological system. Chronic age-related conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases are leading causes of death worldwide, and they are becoming a pressing problem for our society. To address this global challenge, there is a need for novel, safe, and effective rejuvenation therapies aimed at reversing age-related phenotypes and improving human health. With gene expression being a key determinant of cell identity and function, and in light of recent studies reporting rejuvenation effects through genetic perturbations, we propose an age reversal strategy focused on reprogramming the cell transcriptome to a youthful state. To this end, we suggest using transcriptomic data from primary human cells to predict rejuvenation targets and develop high-throughput aging assays, which can be used in large perturbation screens. We propose neural cells as particularly relevant targets for rejuvenation due to substantial impact of neurodegeneration on human frailty. Of all cell types in the brain, we argue that glutamatergic neurons, neuronal stem cells, and oligodendrocytes represent the most impactful and tractable targets. Lastly, we provide experimental designs for anti-aging reprogramming screens that will likely enable the development of neuronal age reversal therapies, which hold promise for dramatically improving human health.
Comparing direct anterior approach versus posterior approach or lateral approach in total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ang James Jia Ming , Onggo James Randolph , Stokes Christopher Michael , Ambikaipalan Anuruban 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
There are several approaches to THA, and each has their respective advantages and disadvantages. Previous meta-analysis included non-randomised studies that introduce further heterogeneity and bias to the evidence presented. This meta-analysis aims to present level I evidence by comparing functional outcomes, peri-operative parameters and complications of direct anterior approach (DAA) versus posterior approach (PA) or lateral approach (LA) in THA.

Patients and methods
A comprehensive multi-database search (PubMed, OVID Medline, EMBASE) was conducted from date of database inception to 1st December 2020. Data from randomised controlled trials comparing outcomes of DAA versus PA or LA in THA were extracted and analysed.

Results
Twenty-four studies comprising 2010 patients were included in this meta-analysis. DAA has a longer operative time (MD = 17.38 min, 95%CI: 12.28, 22.47 min, P < 0.001) but a shorter length of stay compared to PA (MD = − 0.33 days, 95%CI: − 0.55, − 0.11 days, P = 0.003). There was no difference in operative time or length of stay when comparing DAA versus LA. DAA also had significantly better HHS than PA at 6 weeks (MD = 8.00, 95%CI: 5.85, 10.15, P < 0.001) and LA at 12 weeks (MD = 2.23, 95%CI: 0.31, 4.15, P = 0.02). There was no significant difference in risk of neurapraxia for DAA versus LA or in risk of dislocations, periprosthetic fractures or VTE between DAA and PA or DAA and LA.

Conclusion
The DAA has better early functional outcomes with shorter mean length of stay but was associated with a longer operative time than PA. There was no difference in risk of dislocations, neurapraxias, periprosthetic fractures or VTE between approaches. Based on our results, choice of THA approach should ultimately be guided by surgeon experience, surgeon preference and patient factors.

Level of evidence I
Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Localization and expression profiles of gingival monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-induced protein-1 (MCPIP-1) and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT-1)
Authors: Yu Lili , Firatli Yigit , Elmanfi Samira , Gürsoy Mervi , Özdemir Kabalak Meltem , Kasnak Gökhan , Pussinen Pirkko , Bikker Floris J. , Caglayan Feriha , Firatli Erhan , Gürsoy Ulvi Kahraman 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The purposes of this study were to localize monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-induced protein-1 (MCPIP-1) and its suppressor mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT-1) in gingival tissues and to profile their protein expression levels in relation to the clinical inflammation, Porphyromonas gingivalis colonization, and interleukin (IL)-8 levels.

Materials and methods
Study samples were collected from two independent study populations: (1) Gingival tissues were collected from eight periodontally healthy individuals and eight periodontitis patients to localize MCPIP-1 and MALT-1 immunohistochemically, and (2) forty-one gingival tissue samples with marginal, mild, or moderate to severe inflammation were collected from 20 periodontitis patients to determine MCPIP-1 and MALT-1 levels using immunoblots, P. gingivalis levels with qPCR, P. gingivalis gingipain activities with fluorogenic substrates, and IL-8 levels with multiplex technique.

Results
MCPIP-1 was detectable in the epithelium and in connective tissue, being especially prominent around the blood vessel walls in healthy periodontal tissues. MALT-1 was observed at all layers of gingival epithelium and especially around the accumulated inflammatory cells in connective tissue. No difference in gingival tissue MCPIP-1 and MALT-1 levels was observed in relation to the severity of gingival inflammation. MALT-1 levels were elevated (p = 0.023) with the increase in tissue P. gingivalis levels, and there was an association between MALT-1 and IL-8 levels (β = 0.054, p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Interactions of MALT-1 levels with gingival tissue P. gingivalis counts and IL-8 levels suggest that activation of MALT-1 can take part in P. gingivalis-regulated host immune responses.

Clinical relevance
Pharmacological targeting the crosstalk between immune response and MCPIP-1/MALT-1 may have benefits in periodontal treatment.
Effects of flow dimension in faulted or fractured rock on natural reductions of inflow during excavation: a case study of the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory site, Japan
Authors: Ishii Eiichi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMajor inflows of groundwater can occur during excavation in faulted or fractured rock masses, even if pre-excavation grouting is applied; postexcavation grouting may then be required to reduce these inflows. However, the diffusion equation for fluid pressure suggests that inflows may reduce naturally by 50–90% or more within days or weeks when the dimension of the flow in faults or fractures that feed the inflow (flow dimension) is close to 1, but inflow reduction is minimal when the flow dimension is close to 3. Therefore, if the flow dimension is close to 1, the natural reduction in inflow may obviate countermeasures. Nevertheless, this natural reduction being dependent on flow dimension is seldom considered explicitly when planning excavations or countermeasures. To verify the applicability of the relationship between natural changes of inflow and the flow dimension, this study measured changes in inflow at six locations at the Horonobe site, Japan, where major inflows occurred during excavations of tunnels or shafts in faulted or fractured siliceous rocks. The flow dimension at each location was assessed using pre-excavation packer tests in surface-based boreholes. The results confirm that changes in the inflows during the days and weeks immediately after their commencement depended consistently on the assessed flow dimension. Natural reductions in inflow during excavation are predictable based on the flow dimension, which can be estimated using pre-excavation borehole investigations or from the initial changes in inflow during the first several days. This approach may be helpful for improving the efficiency of excavations.
When are puppies receptive to emotion-induced human chemosignals? The cases of fear and happiness
Authors: D’Aniello Biagio , Pinelli Claudia , Scandurra Anna , Di Lucrezia Alfredo , Aria Massimo , Semin Gün R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe report an observational, double-blind, experimental study that examines the effects of human emotional odors on puppies between 3 and 6 months and adult dogs (one year and upwards). Both groups were exposed to control, human fear, and happiness odors in a between subjects’ design. The duration of all behaviors directed to the apparatus, the door, the owner, a stranger, and stress behaviors was recorded. A discriminant analysis showed that the fear odor activates consistent behavior patterns for both puppies and adult dogs. However, no behavioral differences between the control and happiness odor conditions were found in the case of puppies. In contrast, adult dogs reveal distinctive patterns for all three odor conditions. We argue that responses to human fear chemosignals systematically influence the behaviors displayed by puppies and adult dogs, whichcouldbe genetically prefigured. In contrast, the effects of happiness odors constitute cues that require learning during early socialization processes, which yield consistent patterns only in adulthood.
On an elastic flow for parametrized curves in $$\mathbb {R}^{n}$$ suitable for numerical purposes
Authors: Pozzi Paola 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn Pozzi and Stinner (ESAIM: M2AN 57:445–466, 2023) a variant of the classical elastic flow for closed curves in $$\mathbb {R}^{n}$$

R

n

was introduced, that is more suitable for numerical purposes. Here we investigate the long-time properties of such evolution demonstrating that the flow exists globally in time.
Using sentiment analysis to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on Italy’s country reputation and stock market performance
Authors: Zammarchi Gianpaolo , Mola Francesco , Conversano Claudio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDuring the recent Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, the microblogging service Twitter has been widely used to share opinions and reactions to events. Italy was one of the first European countries to be severely affected by the outbreak and to establish lockdown and stay-at-home orders, potentially leading to country reputation damage. We resort to sentiment analysis to investigate changes in opinions about Italy reported on Twitter before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. Using different lexicons-based methods, we find a breakpoint corresponding to the date of the first established case of COVID-19 in Italy that causes a relevant change in sentiment scores used as a proxy of the country’s reputation. Next, we demonstrate that sentiment scores about Italy are associated with the values of the FTSE-MIB index, the Italian Stock Exchange main index, as they serve as early detection signals of changes in the values of FTSE-MIB. Lastly, we evaluate whether different machine learning classifiers were able to determine the polarity of tweets posted before and after the outbreak with a different level of accuracy.
Identification of Bone Metastatic and Prognostic Alternative Splicing Signatures in Prostate Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhu Jiwen , Zhang Jiayao , Hu Peng , Fan Mingxiang , Song Dianwen , Yin Huabin , Yan Penghui , Xian Shuyuan , Li Zhenyu , Guo Juanru , Long Chunling , Xu Runping , Huang Runzhi , Meng Tong , Zhang Jie , Huang Zongqiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs the most common nonepithelial malignancy, prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is the fifth chief cause of cancer mortality in men. Distant metastasis often occurs in advanced PRAD and most patients are dying from it. However, the mechanism of PRAD progression and metastasis is still unclear. It’s widely reported that more than 94% of genes are selectively splicing in humans and many isoforms are particularly related with cancer progression and metastasis. Spliceosome mutations occur in a mutually exclusive manner in breast cancer, and different components of spliceosomes are targets of somatic mutations in different types of breast cancer. Existing evidence strongly supports the key role of alternative splicing in breast cancer biology, and innovative tools are being developed to use splicing events for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In order to identify if the PRAD metastasis is associated with alternative splicing events (ASEs), the RNA sequencing data and ASEs data of 500 PRAD patients were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and TCGASpliceSeq databases. By Lasso regression, five genes were screened to construct the prediction model, with a good reliability by ROC curve. Additionally, results in both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed the well prognosis efficacy of the prediction model (both P < 0.001). Moreover, a potential splicing regulatory network was established and after multiple-database validation, we supposed that the signaling axis of HSPB1 up-regulating the PIP5K1C − 46,721 − AT (P < 0.001) might mediate the tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis of PRAD via the key members of Alzheimer’s disease pathway (SRC, EGFR, MAPT, APP and PRKCA) (P < 0.001).
Product integration rules by the constrained mock-Chebyshev least squares operator
Authors: Dell’Accio Francesco , Mezzanotte Domenico , Nudo Federico , Occorsio Donatella 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper we consider the problem of the approximation of definite integrals on finite intervals for integrand functions showing some kind of “pathological” behavior, e.g. “nearly” singular functions, highly oscillating functions, weakly singular functions, etc. In particular, we introduce and study a product rule based on equally spaced nodes and on the constrained mock-Chebyshev least squares operator. Like other polynomial or rational approximation methods, this operator was recently introduced in order to defeat the Runge phenomenon that occurs when using polynomial interpolation on large sets of equally spaced points. Unlike methods based on piecewise approximation functions, mainly used in the case of equally spaced nodes, our product rule offers a high efficiency, with performances slightly lower than those of global methods based on orthogonal polynomials in the same spaces of functions. We study the convergence of the product rule and provide error estimates in subspaces of continuous functions. We test the effectiveness of the formula by means of several examples, which confirm the theoretical estimates.
Aesthetic Injustice
Authors: Hofmann Bjørn 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn business as elsewhere, “ugly people” are treated worse than ”pretty people.” Why is this so? This article investigates the ethics of aesthetic injustice by addressing four questions: 1. What is aesthetic injustice? 2. How does aesthetic injustice play out? 3. What are the characteristics that make people being treated unjustly? 4. Why is unattractiveness (considered to be) bad? Aesthetic injustice is defined as unfair treatment of persons due to their appearance as perceived or assessed by others. It is plays out in a variety of harms, ranging from killing (genocide), torture, violence, exclusion (social or physical), discrimination, stigmatization, epistemic injustice, harassment, pay inequity, bullying, alienation, misrecognition, stereotyping, and to prejudice. The characteristics that make people treated unjustly are (lack of) attractiveness, averageness, proportion, and homogeneity. Furthermore, prejudice, psychological biases, logical fallacies, and unwarranted fear of disease are some reasons why unattractiveness is (considered to be) bad. In sum, this study synthesizes insights from a wide range of research and draws attention to aesthetic injustice as a generic term for a form of injustice that deserves more systematic attention. Having a definition, description, and explanation of the concept makes it easier to target the problems with aesthetic injustice. As the business world is an arena of ubiquitous aesthetic injustice business ethics can take the lead in identifying, explaining, and addressing the problem.
Point-missing s-resolvable t-designs: infinite series of 4-designs with constant index
Authors: Trung Tran van 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe paper deals with t-designs that can be partitioned into s-designs, each missing a point of the underlying set, called point-missing s-resolvable t-designs, with emphasis on their applications in constructing t-designs. The problem considered may be viewed as a generalization of overlarge sets which are defined as a partition of all the $$\left( {\begin{array}{c}v +1\\ k\end{array}}\right) $$

v
+
1

k

k-sets chosen from a $$(v+1)$$

(
v
+
1
)

-set X into $$(v+1)$$

(
v
+
1
)

mutually disjoint s-$$(v,k,\delta )$$

(
v
,
k
,
δ
)

designs, each missing a different point of X. Among others, it is shown that the existence of a point-missing $$(t-1)$$

(
t
-
1
)

-resolvable t-$$(v,k,\lambda )$$

(
v
,
k
,
λ
)

design leads to the existence of a t-$$(v,k+1,\lambda ')$$

(
v
,
k
+
1
,

λ
′

)

design. As a result, we derive various infinite series of 4-designs with constant index using overlarge sets of disjoint Steiner quadruple systems. These have parameters 4-$$(3^n,5,5)$$

(

3
n

,
5
,
5
)

, 4-$$(3^n+2,5,5)$$

(

3
n

+
2
,
5
,
5
)

and 4-$$(2^n+1,5,5)$$

(

2
n

+
1
,
5
,
5
)

, for $$n \ge 2$$

n
≥
2

, and were unknown until now. We also include a recursive construction of point-missing s-resolvable t-designs and its application.