bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A clinical and histopathological study comparing the efficacy and safety of carboxytherapy, platelet-rich plasma, and fractional carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of striae distensae
Authors: Eldawla Reham Ezz , El-Deen Yassin Fatma El-Zahraa Salah , Al-Shandawely Aya A. , Aboeldahab Soha 
Published: August 2023

Background
Striae distensae (SD) are linear scars that develop in the areas of dermal damage owing to overstretching of the skin. No gold standard line of treatment has been determined.

Objectives
To compare the efficacy and safety of carboxytherapy, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser in the treatment of SD clinically and histopathologically.

Patients and methods
The study included 37 female patients with SD, aged 18–50 years. Complete history taking and general and dermatological examinations were performed. The study population was randomly divided into three groups: group A was treated with carboxytherapy, group B was treated with PRP, and group C was treated with fractional CO2 laser. The groups were treated each for six sessions with 3-week intervals and followed up after a month from the last treatment session. The session showing the beginning of improvement and the overall improvement were recorded in each group. Adverse effects, as well as the satisfaction of patient and dermatologist, were also evaluated and graded. The pretreatment and posttreatment histopathological changes in each group were evaluated and recorded according to a modified scoring system. Masson’s Trichrome staining was performed to evaluate the collagen content.

Results
In the present study, the highest ratio of the overall improvement was observed in group C followed by group B and group A. Histopathological improvement was observed in the three groups with different mechanisms according to the applied treatment. Fractional CO2 laser showed more histopathological improvement than the other treatment modalities.

Conclusions
The present study concluded that carboxytherapy, PRP, and fractional CO2 laser were clinically and histopathologically effective and safe treatment options for mild to severe SD. Fractional CO2 laser was more effective especially in cases of moderate to severe striae albae. Although it is an expensive treatment method, it resulted in a higher satisfaction rate between the patient and dermatologist with a good safety profile and tolerability.
Skin and soft tissue disorders in patients with substance-use disorders
Authors: Tabari Sudabeh T. , Motahari Maryam , Ranaee Mohammad , Gholinia Hemmat , Moudi Sussan 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Skin and soft tissue disorders are common problems in patients with substance use. This research was conducted to assess the different types of skin and soft tissue problems in patients with substance use disorders.

Patients and methods
This observational research was conducted as a cross-sectional study among patients with substance use disorders, who were referred to governmental methadone maintenance treatment centers affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences, North of Iran. The patients were assessed by the research dermatologist and a psychiatrist. During a complete physical examination of the skin, hair, and nails and, if necessary, a biopsy of suspected lesions, various skin and soft tissue disorders were identified and classified.

Results
In total, 197 patients (188 men and nine women) with a mean age of 43.74±12.94 years were included in the research. Following complete examination, 10 (5.1%) patients with skin and soft tissue disorders were identified, of which three (30%) had pruritic eczema, two (20%) had psoriasis, one (10%) patient vitiligo, one (10%) had eczema with vasculitis, one (10%) had scarring and seborrheic keratosis, and two (20%) patients had inflammatory lesions. No significant association was found between skin disorders and age (P=0.14), sex (P=0.99), marital status (P=0.32), level of education (P=0.81), occupation (P=0.70), and living condition (P=0.23). Patients with heroin use had a significant difference with other substance users on the occurrence of skin disorders (P<0.001).

Conclusions
Dermatologic disorders should be considered in individuals with substance use disorders. Periodic skin examination of these patients is recommended.
Paederus Dermatitis’ Outbreak in Residential Hostels – A Retrospective Clinical Study
Authors: Chintagunta Sudha Rani , Jaju Priyanka , Kotagiri Sagar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Paederus dermatitis is an acute irritant dermatitis caused by accidental crushing of an insect belonging to the genus Paederus, releasing the vesicant pederin. It is commonly seen in the rainy season, especially in tropical regions.

Methods:
The aim of this study is to analyze the epidemiological and clinical findings of paederus dermatitis and factors associated with this condition in patients attending the dermatology, venereology and leprosy (DVL) department at a tertiary care hospital. This is a 3-year retrospective study from November 2016 to December 2019. This study was undertaken as a large number of cases with similar complaints attended D.V.L outpatient department during the same period (November–January) in 3 consecutive years. A total of 120 girls clinically diagnosed with paederus dermatitis residing in residential girls’ hostels were included in the study. All the cases were evaluated using a standard pro forma which included a detailed history and clinical examination. All the patients were treated appropriately and control measures were advised to prevent further attacks. Patients were followed up until the lesions healed for 2 weeks.

Results:
Age of the children ranged from 10 to 16 years. The mean age of patients was 13.4 years. The majority of the cases were reported in November (57) and December (42) for 3 consecutive years and the remaining cases were observed randomly during the study period. Most of the patients presented within 48–96 h of lesion onset. The chief complaints were redness of the skin with itching and burning. The most common presentation was widespread erythema, edema, erosions, and desquamation involving larger areas, not localized which is uncommon with paederus dermatitis. Facial involvement is significant and observed in 99 (82.5%) cases. In addition to the face, other sites affected were the neck in 82 (68.3%), forearms in 41 (34.16%), and upper trunk in 30 (25%) patients. Constitutional symptoms although mild were reported in 3% of patients.

Conclusion:
An atypical variant of paederus dermatitis was observed in the majority of the cases with diffuse erythematous and desquamative lesions predominantly involving the face and neck. A careful history and awareness about varied clinical features will help in early diagnosis and to undertake preventive measures.
Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Childhood Leprosy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North Karnataka
Authors: Parsam Suman Babu , Kadi Ramesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:
Childhood leprosy is an indicator of ongoing transmission of the disease. The prevalence rate of pediatric leprosy is considered an important epidemiological index for determining the level of transmission of the disease. Our aim was to estimate the proportion of leprosy cases among children aged 0–14 years in our tertiary care hospital.

Methods:
A retrospective study was carried out for a period of 4 years from January 2017 to December 2020. Secondary data were collected from leprosy records pertaining to childhood leprosy (aged between 0 and 14 years). Only new cases presented during the period were included. Details of the patients such as age, sex, family history, number and site of lesions, nerve involvement, reactions, and deformities were noted. Slit-skin smear and biopsy findings were tabulated and descriptive analysis was done.

Results:
Fifty-five cases (9.54%) of childhood leprosy were diagnosed. Majority of the cases were in the age group of 10–14 years. The most common leprosy type was borderline tuberculoid found in 42 patients (76.36%). Forty-nine patients (89.09%) had paucibacillary (PB) and 6 (10.91%) had a multibacillary type. The most common presenting symptom was patch (61.8%). Eleven patients had a family history. Clinicopathological correlation was observed in 50 (90%) patients. Lepra reactions were seen in six (10.9%) patients and two deformities in three patients.

Conclusion:
The proportion of pediatric leprosy cases was 11.61% in 2017 and decreased to 6.45% in 2020. PB type is the most common type. To achieve zero childhood leprosy cases, thorough follow-up and contact tracing of adult leprosy patients, early diagnosis of childhood leprosy to prevent disabilities is the need of the hour.
CLOVES Syndrome: An Unusual Presentation of a Rare Entity
Authors: Hegde Pallavi , Choubey Vikrant , Sahoo Bijaylaxmi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
CLOVES syndrome is a rare disorder that falls under the spectrum of clinically and etiologically heterogenous “vascular malformation with limb overgrowth syndromes.” An 8-year-old male child presented with overgrowth of limbs, multiple vascular malformations, epidermal nevus, skeletal anomalies, and undescended testis, based on which a diagnosis of CLOVES syndrome was made. This publication serves to discuss the classical features of this rare syndrome and to report undescended testis, which is an unusual feature. Identifying this variable constellation of features is essential to differentiate the condition from other similar disorders for purposes of academics, research, and patient care.
Pharmacokinetic Assessment of Pyrazinamide and Pyrazinoic Acid in Carbon tetrachloride-induced Liver Injury Model in Wistar Rats
Authors: Sharma Swati , Sharma Vishal , Taneja Sunil , Bhatia Alka , Anand Aishwarya , Banerjee Dibyajyoti , Patil Amol N. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
We investigated the pharmacokinetic behavior of pyrazinamide (PZA) and pyrazinoic acid (PA) in the presence of carbon-tetrachloride (CCl4) plus antitubercular treatment (ATT) drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in rats.

Methods:
Thirty rats utilized in the experiment were separated equally into five groups. Each rat was injected with 0.5 ml/kg CCl4 intra-peritoneal injection on day zero. Group, I rats did receive only CCl4 (single i.p. injection, 0.5 ml/Kg in olive oil in a 1:1 ratio). Groups II, III, IV, and V did receive daily oral PZA, PZA plus isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP) plus pyrazinamide (PZA), and three drugs together, respectively, for 21-days. Pharmacokinetic sampling was performed at 0, 0.5,1,3,6,12 and 24 hours post-dosing on day-20. Liver function test (LFT) was assessed at days 0,1,7, and 21 days after CCl4 and ATT administration, and rats were sacrificed on the last experiment day.

Results:
ATT treatment maintained the liver function changes initiated by CCl4 administration. An evidential LFT rise was observed in groups administered with pyrazinamide. Co-administration of Isoniazid caused a 2.02 and 1.78 times increase in Area-under-the-curve (AUC) values of PZA and PA, respectively (p < 0.05). Histological and oxidative-stress changes supported the biochemical and pharmacokinetic observations.

Conclusion:
The enzyme inhibitory capacity of isoniazid is well-preservd in CCl4-induced liver injury.
Knowledge, Attitude, and the Practice of Community Pharmacists to Dispense Opioid-Related and Opioid-Containing Medication in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ali Mohammad D. , Al Mubarak Fatimah E. , Ghosn Sherihan A. , Ahmad Ayaz , Alhussini Sara H. , Almozien Sara F. , Alowaywi Ghadeer A. , Albeladi Banin H. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This study was done to evaluate the knowledge of community pharmacists—working in Saudi Arabia—regarding over-the-counter opioid-related and opioid-containing medications.

Materials and Methods:
A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire that was distributed through social media and taken to the community pharmacists in person. A total of 101 responders were reached in a period of around 3 weeks.

Results:
Most of the pharmacists working in community pharmacies in Saudi Arabia are non-Saudi (85.15%), males (88.12%), and the majority are holders of bachelor’s degrees (85.15%). More than half of the participants spend a considerably sufficient time with the patient 6–10 minutes (60.4%). The availability of a private counseling room in community pharmacies is significantly low (21.78%). Only (69.41%) of participants always counsel the patient before dispensing opioid-related medications. Most of the participants (84.76%) believe that all over-the-counter opioid-related and opioid-containing medications should be restricted to avoid drug abuse.

Conclusion:
A little neglect from pharmacists’ side regarding dispensing such medications was observed; thus, there is a significant need to raise their awareness regarding over-the-counter opioid abuse.
Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes as a Prognostic Indicator of Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Reddy N. Apoorva , Joshna B. M. , George Abhijith , Indu V. P. , Thakur Shalini , Subash Anand , Kudpaje Akshay , Rao Vishal US 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
The incidence of Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCC) is on the rise in our country and worldwide, with a worsening prognosis. The abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is evolving to be a novel prognostic indicator in assessing treatment response of HNSCC. TILs mainly comprise T lymphocytes, which migrate from blood into the tumor as part of the body's immune response. In this context, targeting the tumor microenvironment with the help of immunotherapy may present a potential approach for better cure of head-and-neck cancers. In the present study, we evaluated the potential TILs parameters which can be used in clinical practice to predict treatment outcomes in HNSCC.

Materials and Methods:
This is a prospective observational study of 41 patients conducted at a tertiary cancer center between September 2019 and September 2020. All patients with biopsy proven, primary/recurrent HNSCC, without distant metastasis, and complete clinicopathological data were included in the study. Patients with a nonsquamous cell carcinoma, patients who underwent upfront chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy were excluded from the study. Patients who had follow-up of <1 year or lost to follow-up were excluded from the study. Parameters analyzed include mean age; percentage of cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) cells; CD4, CD8, and FOXP3cell counts; distribution of CD57 and CD3/FOXP3 ratio.

Results:
A total number of 19 patients were grouped under the nonrecurrence TILs and 22 patients under recurrent TILs category. Majority of the patients (90.2%) had oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. 68.42% of nonrecurrent cases and 36.36% of recurrent cases were found to be harboring Hot tumors. Using odds ratio, it was noted that the odds of having Hot tumor is 3.79 times (95% confidence interval: [1.03,13.91]) higher in nonrecurrent TILs than in recurrent TILs group. CD3 cell count was higher in nonrecurrent cases (54.74 ± 18.37) than in recurrent cases (42.73 ± 16.09) with P = 0.0157. Using two tailed t-test, it was noted that the mean of CD4, CD8, and FOXP3 is not significantly different between nonrecurrent and recurrent tumor TILs groups.

Conclusion:
To summarize, we have shown that the CD3/FOXP3 cell ratio, rather than the individual proportion of TILs, is a significant prognostic indicator in HNSCC. It's also been shown that people with Cold tumors have a higher risk of recurrence than those with Hot tumors. Our findings confirm the importance of host immunity in prognosis and suggest that the degree of immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment is a major independent prognostic factor that merits further investigation as a potentially valuable biomarker in HNSCC patients.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND JOB ENVIRONMENT ON EMPLOYEE IN PT. ASTRA INTERNATIONAL TBK. AUTO 2000 BRANCH OF AMPLAS MEDAN
Authors: Prayoga Diki , Firah Al 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effect of organizational culture and work environment on employee performance. PT. Astra International Tbk. Auto 2000 is a Toyota car dealer. The population of this study is 61 employees with a sample according to the slovin formula of 30 employees. The data used is quantitative data derived from primary sources. The data collection technique uses a Likert scale with a regressive line analysis method to provide information to respondents (questionnaire). Based on the statistical results obtained tcount 10.886 > ttable 1.697 it can be concluded that there is a positive influence between organizational variables and work environment variables on employee performance at PT. Astra International Tbk Auto 2000 Sandpaper Branch. Based on the results of the coefficient of determination, the R-Square in the regression is 0.911 (91.1%). In this case, the most significant benefit provided by the organization and the workplace is 91.1%, with the remaining 8.9% coming from other variables that were not considered in the study. PT. Astra Internasional Tbk Auto 2000 Amplas Branch must increase and expand the number of courses aligned with job specifications in order to improve organizational health and workforce productivity. Keywords: Organizational Culture, job Environment, Employee Performance
Pengajaran Firman Secara Sehat menurut 1 Timotius 1:3-11 dan Implementasinya bagi Pengajar GKI “Galet” Niufmuti Kupang NTT
Authors: Rahardjo Victor Immanuel , Santoso Dwi Setio Budiono , Tana Yandri 
Published: August 2023

This research exposes Paul's letter to his spiritual children in 1 Timothy 1:3-11. The method used is field qualitative. There is advice that is relevant for every teacher of God's word at GKI "Galet" Niufmuti Kupang NTT. This study shows if the problem in the context of the Philippians is significant to the problems that occur in the church today. The importance of teaching healthy teachings is still being discussed today. By exposing this passage, we hoped that an awareness will be formed to be able to prepare higher quality teaching for the spiritual life of the congregation. In the sense that following the teachings of the apostles and their successors properly. In addition, even though evangelical preachers work in other professions, as God's servants it is important to prioritize activities that support the spiritual growth of the congregation. This is to avoid the inclusion of unhealthy teachings in the congregation which can be fatal. Penelitian ini mengeksposisi surat Paulus kepada anak rohaninya dalam 1 Timotius 1:3-11. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif lapangan. Terdapat nasehat yang relevan bagi setiap pengajar firman Tuhan di GKI “Galet” Niufmuti Kupang NTT. Kajian ini menunjukkan jika masalah dalam konteks di jemaat Filipi signifikan dengan masalah yang terjadi di jemaat zaman sekarang. Pentingnya mengajar ajaran sehat masih menjadi diskusi sampai saat ini. Dengan menelaah ulang perikop ini diharapkan akan terbentuk kesadaran untuk dapat mempersiapkan pengajaran lebih bermutu demi kehidupan spiritual jemaatnya. Dalam arti bahwa mengikuti ajaran rasuli dan penerusnya dengan baik. Di samping itu, sekalipun pemberita Injili mengerjakan profesi lain tetapi sebagai hamba Tuhan penting untuk mengutamakan aktivitas yang menunjang pertumbuhan spiritual jemaat. Hal ini untuk menghindari masuknya ajaran yang tidak sehat di tengah jemaat yang bisa berakibat fatal.
La Lecture De La Sequence Narrative Dans L’enfant Sans Nom De Florence Trystram
Authors: TSHIFUMBE MUTAU Martin Luther 
Published: August 2023

But : Cet article se veut une démonstration à l’humanité tout entière des hommes dont la capacité de nuisance est indicible. Pourquoi ces hommes en viennent-ils à s’entre-nuire au point de rendre la terre irrespirable ? Le rêve commun est pourtant celui de restaurer le paradis terrestre où l’homme serait logiquement humanisé.
Méthode : Nous nous sommes proposé de recourir à l’analyse structurale qui permet de rendre compte de son unité interne et de la relation entre l’ensemble et les parties. On aboutit ainsi à la notion d’actant dépouillé de ses qualifications humaines, et à la définition des fonctions comme éléments invariants, constitutifs de la structure narrative.
Résultat : Cette œuvre romanesque est tissée en deux grandes parties : la situation du pays avant la famine aigüe et celle du pays qui voit naitre L’Enfant Sans Nom victime dudit fléau naturel qu’est la boulimie contre laquelle ce brave enfant sera contraint de mener une guerre sans merci. Donc l’existence de tout homme responsable est une lutte incessante pour sa dignité humaine et la sauvegarde de sa valeur sociale.
Contribution à la vie sociale et politique : Nous retenons que tout acte posé au sein de la communauté humaine équivaut à un investissement qui lui reviendrait, à coup sûr, avec des intérêts. Il en va de même du pouvoir qui ne se donne généralement pas, mais s’arrache. Tel alors est l’idéal poursuivi par le héros de cet univers romanesque.
Interventions to Support Participation in Sleep for Autistic Children and Adolescents (2013–2021)
Authors: Tomchek Scott D. , Baker Alissa , Little Lauren M. , Wallisch Anna , Dean Evan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Systematic Review Briefs provide a summary of the findings from systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Program. Each systematic review brief summarizes the evidence on a theme related to a systematic review topic. This systematic review brief presents findings from the systematic review on interventions to support participation in sleep for autistic1 children and adolescents (birth to 18 yr).