bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved colloidal and oxidative stability of krill oil using natural biopolymers via spray drying microencapsulation
Authors: Li Xing , Wu Jiande , Liu Meiyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKrill oil possesses strong antioxidant activity but has limited applications in the food industry due to its poor aqueous solubility, strong off‐flavours and susceptibility to oxidative degradation. This study was aimed to improve the colloidal and oxidative stability of krill oil via microencapsulation using spray drying. Whey protein isolate (WPI), maltodextrin (MD), carboxymethyl starch (CMS) and n‐octenylsuccinate starch (OSAS) were used as the microcapsule wall materials. The results showed that WPI+MD microcapsules had the optimum characterised properties compared to WPI+CMS and WPI+OSAS microcapsules. WPI+MD microcapsules possessed the highest encapsulation efficiency of 76.59%. The optimal air inlet temperature was 165°C, providing a high krill oil encapsulation efficiency and reducing concaveness on the microcapsule surfaces. Krill oil was distributed homogeneously inside the capsules and presented a good colloidal stability during an extended storage time. The antioxidant capacity against heat was simultaneously increased owing to the improved oxidative stability by microencapsulation. Consequently, this study provides useful guidelines for improving the stability and application of krill oil in the food industry.
Coincidental occurrence of bilateral neonatal testicular torsion, with an extravaginal and a contralateral intravaginal testicular torsion
Authors: Kirihana Yusuke , Sato Yuichi , Hata Junya , Imai Hitomi , Yoshida Yuki , Matsuoka Kanako , Hoshi Seiji , Koguchi Tomoyuki , Ogawa Soichiro , Kojima Yoshiyuki 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionWe report a case of bilateral neonatal testicular torsion, with an extravaginal and a contralateral intravaginal testicular torsion.Case presentationA 5‐day‐old boy with bilateral scrotal swelling and palpable induration was diagnosed with bilateral neonatal testicular torsion by color Doppler ultrasonography. The right testis was black with 360‐degree extravaginal torsion of the spermatic cord, and the left testis was brown with 90‐degree intravaginal torsion. We repaired the torsion and incised the tunica albuginea to reduce intratesticular pressure. The left testis became pink in color, but the right testis remained unchanged. Based on the pathological findings of the intraoperative biopsy of tissue specimens from both testes, we performed a right orchiectomy and preserved the left testis.ConclusionsOur experience suggests that testicular color improvement after fasciotomy and pathological findings of intraoperative testicular biopsy may indicate testicular preservation.
Low operating voltage memtransistors based on ion bombarded p‐type GeSe nanosheets for artificial synapse applications
Authors: Wang Jing , He Dong , Chen Rui , Xu Hang , Wang Hongbo , Yang Menghua , Zhang Qi , Jiang Changzhong , Li Wenqing , Ouyang Xiaoping , Xiao Xiangheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) layered materials have many potential applications in memristors owing to their unique atomic structures and electronic properties. Memristors can overcome the in‐memory bottleneck for use in brain‐like neuromorphic computing. However, exploiting additional lateral memtransistors based on 2D layered materials remains challenging. There are few studies on p‐type semiconductors that have not been theoretically analyzed. In this study, a lateral memtransistor based on p‐type GeSe nanosheets is investigated. A three‐terminal GeSe memtransistor that modulated the interfacial barrier height was fabricated using low‐energy ion irradiation; the memtransistor exhibited a low operating voltage. The memtransistor successfully mimics biological synapse, including neuroplasticity functions, such as short‐term plasticity, long‐term plasticity, paired‐pulse facilitation, and spike‐timing‐dependent plasticity. The mechanism of interfacial modulation was verified by experimental results and theoretical calculations. The results show that it is feasible to modulate the interface of 2D GeSe nanosheets using low‐energy ion irradiation to realize a lateral memtransistor. This may provide promising opportunities for artificial neuromorphic system applications based on 2D layered materials.image
Evidence of precurrent responses expanding equivalence classes in a delayed matching‐to‐sample task
Authors: Ribeiro Giovan W. , de Souza Deisy G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDelayed matching to sample (DMTS) increases the probability of equivalence class formation. Precurrent responses can mediate the retention interval in DMTS trials and control the selection of comparisons. In human participants, precurrent responses usually consist of naming the experimental stimuli based on their similarities to meaningful stimuli with preexperimental history. We tested whether precurrents expand classes by serving as nodes between experimental and meaningful stimuli. A DMTS (2 s) was used throughout the entire experiment. Eleven undergraduates learned A1B1 and A2B2 relations and then were submitted to ArC trials that required them to answer math problems presented during the DMTS interval: when the sample was A1, the problems resulted in 12 and C1 was correct; when the sample was A2, they resulted in 9 and C2 was correct. Response‐as‐node tests assessed whether participants would relate B1 and C1 to the printed number 12 and B2 and C2 to the printed number 9. Ten participants responded accordingly to this pattern, showing that the responses to the problems expanded the classes. Parity tests using the words “even” and “odd” further confirmed this hypothesis. These results contribute to understanding why DMTS enhances equivalence performances. Implications of using this procedure in stimulus‐equivalence studies are discussed.
Territorial Post‐Revascularization Remodeling of Chronic Coronary Syndromes: Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking Study
Authors: Elzoghby Mohamed M. , Salama Mai M. A. , Elsetiha Mohamed A. , El_Ahwal Hanan M. , Romeih Soha A. , Shaaban Mahmoud N. , Elmozy Wesam E. 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundMRI feature‐tracking (MRI‐FT) can accurately assess ventricular myocardial deformation and regional function and may be a better predictor of mortality than ejection fraction and infarct extension. However, role of MRI‐FT in assessing coronary revascularization is unclear.PurposeTo assess coronary revascularization effect on territorial left ventricle (LV) function of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) patients by MRI‐FT.Study TypeProspective.Subjects50 CCS patients (age: 62.22 ± 8.70 years) scheduled for elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and 30 healthy controls (age: 35.33 ± 11.57 years).Field Strength/Sequence1.5T with balanced steady‐state free precession cine sequence.AssessmentGlobal and segmental peak systolic longitudinal, circumferential, and radial myocardial strains were quantified in both patient and healthy control groups by an experienced operator using dedicated software. Patients were studied both pre‐PCI and 6‐month post‐PCI and LV territorial myocardial strain values were calculated by averaging the segmental values of each revascularized territory.Statistical TestsStudent'st‐test, pairedt‐test, Mann Whitney test, and Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Significance was judged at the 5% level.ResultsTerritorial longitudinal strain showed significant 6‐month post‐PCI improvement in the left anterior descending (LAD) and right coronary artery (RCA) territories, but there was not in the left circumflex (LCX) territory (LAD: mean − 11.41% ± 3.45% pre, −13.01% ± 3.53% post; RCA: mean − 11.11% ± 2.65% pre, −13.25% ± 2.81% post; and LCX: mean − 15.43% ± 3.97% pre, −16.17% ± 4.38% post,P = 0.215). Territorial circumferential strain showed significant post‐PCI improvement in all revascularized territories (LAD: mean − 13.73% ± 6.56% pre, −16.98% ± 6.01% post; LCX: mean − 13.23% ± 4.23% pre, −16.34% ± 3.45% post; and RCA: mean − 11.24% ± 3.36% pre, −13.80% ± 3.51% post). Territorial radial strain showed no significant post‐PCI improvement (LAD: mean 22.73% ± 12.38% pre, 21.79% ± 11.55% post,P = 0.541; LCX: mean 27.73% ± 7.95% pre, 29.0% ± 7.25% post,P = 0.264; and RCA: mean 36.68% ± 11.10% pre, 31.75% ± 10.95% post,P = 0.208).Data ConclusionTerritorial LV systolic function was significantly improved by coronary revascularization in CCS patients.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 4
The A1762T/G1764A mutations enhance HBV replication by alternating viral transcriptome
Authors: Yang Danli , Zou Jun , Guan Guiwen , Feng Xiaoyu , Zhang Ting , Li Guixin , Liu Hui , Zheng Huiling , Xi Jingyuan , Yu Guangxin , Dai Lizhong , Lu Fengmin , Chen Xiangmei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe A1762T/G1764A mutations, one of the most common mutations in the hepatitis B virus basal core promoter, are associated with the progression of chronic HBV infection. However, effects of these mutations on HBV replication remains controversial. This study aimed to systematically investigate the effect of the mutations on HBV replication and its underlying mechanisms. Using the prcccDNA/pCMV‐Cre recombinant plasmid system, a prcccDNA‐A1762T/G1764A mutant plasmid was constructed. Compared with wild‐type HBV, A1762T/G1764A mutant HBV showed enhanced replication ability with higher secreted HBV DNA and RNA levels, while Southern and Northern blot indicated higher intracellular levels of relaxed circular DNA, single‐stranded DNA, and 3.5 kb RNA. Meanwhile, the mutations increased expression of intracellular core protein and decreased the production of HBeAg and HBsAg. In vitro infection based on HepG2‐NTCP cells and mice hydrodynamic injection experiment also proved that these mutations promote HBV replication. 5′‐RACE assays showed that these mutations upregulated transcription of pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) while downregulating that of preC RNA, which was further confirmed by full‐length transcriptome sequencing. Moreover, a proportion of sub‐pgRNAs with the potential to express polymerase were also upregulated by these mutations. The ChIP‐qPCR assay showed that A1762T/G1764A mutations created a functional HNF1α binding site in the BCP region, and its overexpression enhanced the effect of A1762T/G1764A mutations on HBV. Our findings revealed the mechanism and importance of A1762T/G1764A mutations as an indicator for management of CHB patients, and provided HNF1α as a new target for curing HBV‐infected patients.
Electromagnetic Spatiotemporal Differentiation Meta‐Devices
Authors: Zhou Yi , Zhan Junjie , Xu Ziyang , Shao Yifan , Wang Yubo , Dang Yongdi , Zhang Sen , Ma Yungui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSpatiotemporal optical computing devices that can perform mathematical operations in both spatial and temporal domains can provide unprecedented measures to build efficient and real‐time information processing systems. It is particularly important to realize the comprehensive functions in a compact design for better integration with electronic components. In this work, an analog spatiotemporal differentiator in microwaves based on an asymmetrical metasurface that has a phase singularity in the spatiotemporal domain is experimentally demonstrated. It is shown that this structure can give rise to a spatiotemporal transfer function required by an ideal first‐order differentiator in both spatial and temporal domains by tailoring the unidirectional excitation of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs). The spatial edge detection is performed utilizing a metallic slit, and the temporal differentiation capability of the device is examined by Gaussian‐like temporal pulses of different widths. It is further confirmed that the differentiator demonstrated here can detect sharp changes in spatiotemporal pulses even with intricate profiles and theoretically estimated the resolution limits of the spatial and temporal edge detection. It is also shown that the pulse input after passing the spatiotemporal differentiator implemented here could carry a transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM) with a fractal topology charge.
Blickpunkt Anorganik: Die Eisenzeit der Photochemie beginnt
Authors: Pannwitz Andrea , Sorsche Dieter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhotochemische Prozesse finden in Synthese, Oleds und katalytischen Prozessen statt. 3d‐Übergangsmetalle wie Eisen können die Farbstoffe und Photosensibilisatoren aus Schwermetallen ablösen.
Multiscale numerical investigation of ratchet growth damage effects in PBX 9502
Authors: Hagengruber Tyler , Bennett Kane C. , Boyce Samuel H. , Rougier Esteban , Yeager John D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents results of numerical experiments conducted on the high explosive PBX 9502 to investigate how recently observed grain‐scale damage mechanisms of ratchet growth [1] affect uniaxial compression measurements. Simulations are multiscale in the sense of directly resolving grains, pores, cracks, and grain‐interfaces based upon scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of damaged and undamaged samples. The combined finite‐discrete element method (FDEM) is utilized to resolve both grain‐scale microfracture and elastoplastic deformation of solid grains. Pristine (undamaged) and damaged microstructures are compared in simulation of unconfined compression tests of the same material from the literature. The simulation results show the observed microscale mechanisms of damage, specifically microfracture predominantly around and sometimes through grains and crack‐associated pore growth, can well‐explain the effective degradation of strength and stiffness observed in the laboratory measurements.
UCSF ChimeraX: Tools for structure building and analysis
Authors: Meng Elaine C. , Goddard Thomas D. , Pettersen Eric F. , Couch Greg S. , Pearson Zach J. , Morris John H. , Ferrin Thomas E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdvances in computational tools for atomic model building are leading to accurate models of large molecular assemblies seen in electron microscopy, often at challenging resolutions of 3–4 Å. We describe new methods in the UCSF ChimeraX molecular modeling package that take advantage of machine‐learning structure predictions, provide likelihood‐based fitting in maps, and compute per‐residue scores to identify modeling errors. Additional model‐building tools assist analysis of mutations, post‐translational modifications, and interactions with ligands. We present the latest ChimeraX model‐building capabilities, including several community‐developed extensions. ChimeraX is available free of charge for noncommercial use at https://www.rbvi.ucsf.edu/chimerax.
Data‐driven adaptive trajectory tracking control of unmanned marine vehicles under disturbances and DoS attacks
Authors: Liu Huiying , Hao Li‐Ying , Liu Yanli , Weng Yongpeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article researches the problem of trajectory tracking for unmanned marine vehicles (UMVs) under disturbances and denial‐of‐services (DoS) attacks in the wireless channel. An equivalent data‐driven model of UMVs with ocean disturbances is established by using partial form dynamic linearization algorithm. The disturbances and the input of UMVs have different pseudo partitioned Jacobean matrix, and the disturbances are estimated by using extended state observer, which improves the immunity of UMVs to disturbances in the environment. It is the first time that the DoS attacks are considered under the data‐driven model for UMVs, and a novel data‐driven adaptive trajectory tracking control framework is constructed. The article proposes an attack predictive compensation mechanism to mitigate their effects of DoS attacks, which follows the Bernoulli distribution. Based on it, the data‐driven adaptive trajectory tracking controller is designed such that the error of trajectory tracking is convergent under DoS attacks and external disturbances. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed data‐driven control scheme and the predictive compensation mechanism is validated through the simulations.
4D‐Printable Photocrosslinkable Polyurethane‐Based Inks for Tissue Scaffold and Actuator Applications
Authors: Goodarzi Hosseinabadi Hossein , Biswas Arpan , Bhusal Anant , Yousefinejad Ali , Lall Aastha , Zimmermann Wolfram‐Hubertus , Miri Amir K. , Ionov Leonid 
Published: September 2023

Abstract4D printing recently emerges as an exciting evolution of conventional 3D printing, where a printed construct can quickly transform in response to a specific stimulus to switch between a temporary variable state and an original state. In this work, a photocrosslinkable polyethylene–glycol polyurethane ink is synthesized for light‐assisted 4D printing of smart materials. The molecular weight distribution of the ink monomers is tunable by adjusting the copolymerization reaction time. Digital light processing (DLP) technique is used to program a differential swelling response in the printed constructs after humidity variation. Bioactive microparticles are embedded into the ink and the improvement of biocompatibility of the printed constructs is demonstrated for tissue engineering applications. Cell studies reveal above 90% viability in 1 week and ≈50% biodegradability after 4 weeks. Self‐folding capillary scaffolds, dynamic grippers, and film actuators are made and activated in a humid environment. The approach offers a versatile platform for the fabrication of complex constructs. The ink can be used in tissue engineering and actuator applications, making the ink a promising avenue for future research.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with Toxocara canis in dogs and humans in Egypt: A comparative approach
Authors: Mubarak Asmaa Gaber , Mohammed Eman Sayed , Elaadli Haitham , Alzaylaee Hind , Hamad Rabab S. , Elkholy Walaa A. , Youseef Asmaa Gahlan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground: Dogs are the most popular pet animals worldwide, and their frequent and close contact with humans poses an increased risk of zoonotic parasite transmission. Toxocara canis infection is a highly pervasive and economically significant zoonotic infection transmitted by dogs worldwide, commonly in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in developing countries.Objectives: This study evaluates the epidemiological profile and associated risk factors of T. canis exposure among humans and T. canis infection in domestic dogs in two climatically different governorates in Egypt.Methods: Faecal samples from 360 domiciled dogs were examined using the flotation technique to detect T. canis eggs. In addition, 276 human serum samples were evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay over a period of 10 months from May 2021 to February 2022 in the Alexandria and Qena Governorates, Egypt.Results: Shedding of T. canis was identified in 33.33% (120/360) of dogs and the overall seroprevalence in the human population was 20.65% (57/276). Lower Egypt, represented by the Alexandria Governorate, had higher canine infection (39.47%) and human seropositivity (29.87%) rates than those of Upper Egypt, represented by Qena Governorate (26.47% and 9.02% in dogs and humans, respectively). Statistical analysis of the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants revealed that handwashing, washing of vegetables and fruits and sex were associated with human T. canis exposure.Conclusion: The prevalence rates of confirmed T. canis infection in the Egyptian dogs population and the associated human seropositivity rates reflect its importance as a public health concern and support the call to increase public awareness of this issue. The risk factors identified in this study can contribute to the development of more effective control and prevention strategies.
Confinement in (1 + 1) dimensions: a holographic perspective from I-branes
Authors: Nunez Carlos , Oyarzo Marcelo , Stuardo Ricardo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper we holographically study the strongly coupled dynamics of the field theory on I-branes (D5 branes intersecting on a line). In this regime, the field theory becomes (2 + 1) dimensional with 16 supercharges. The dual background has an IR singularity. We resolve this singularity by compactifiying the theory on a circle, preserving 4 supercharges. We study various aspects: confinement, symmetry breaking, Entanglement Entropy, etc. We also discuss a black membrane solution and make some comments on the string σ-model on our backgrounds.
Co-morbid tics and stereotypies: a systematic literature review
Authors: Cavanna Andrea E. , Purpura Giulia , Riva Anna , Nacinovich Renata 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Tics and stereotypies are childhood-onset repetitive behaviours that can pose significant diagnostic challenges in clinical practice. Both tics and stereotypies are characterised by a complex co-morbidity profile, however little is known about the co-occurrence of these hyperkinetic disorders in the same patient population.

Objective
This review aimed to assess the relationship between tics and stereotypies when these conditions present in co-morbidity.

Methods
We conducted a systematic literature review of original studies on co-morbid tics and stereotypies, according to the standards outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Results
Our literature search identified six studies of suitable sample size (n ≥ 40) presenting data on the association between tics and stereotypies in otherwise typically developing patients. A considerable proportion (23%) of patients diagnosed with stereotypic movement disorder present with co-morbid tics (range 18–43%). Likewise, the prevalence of primary stereotypies is increased in patients with tic disorders such as Tourette syndrome (8%, range 6–12%).

Discussion
Tics and stereotypies can often develop in co-morbidity. The association of tics and stereotypies in the same patient has practical implications, in consideration of the different treatment approaches. Future research should focus on the assessment and management of both conditions, particularly in special populations (e.g. patients with pervasive developmental disorders).
Enhancing cluster analysis via topological manifold learning
Authors: Herrmann Moritz , Kazempour Daniyal , Scheipl Fabian , Kröger Peer 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe discuss topological aspects of cluster analysis and show that inferring the topological structure of a dataset before clustering it can considerably enhance cluster detection: we show that clustering embedding vectors representing the inherent structure of a dataset instead of the observed feature vectors themselves is highly beneficial. To demonstrate, we combine manifold learning method UMAP for inferring the topological structure with density-based clustering method DBSCAN. Synthetic and real data results show that this both simplifies and improves clustering in a diverse set of low- and high-dimensional problems including clusters of varying density and/or entangled shapes. Our approach simplifies clustering because topological pre-processing consistently reduces parameter sensitivity of DBSCAN. Clustering the resulting embeddings with DBSCAN can then even outperform complex methods such as SPECTACL and ClusterGAN. Finally, our investigation suggests that the crucial issue in clustering does not appear to be the nominal dimension of the data or how many irrelevant features it contains, but rather how separable the clusters are in the ambient observation space they are embedded in, which is usually the (high-dimensional) Euclidean space defined by the features of the data. The approach is successful because it performs the cluster analysis after projecting the data into a more suitable space that is optimized for separability, in some sense.