bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated SpectroPhotometric Image REDuction (ASPIRED)
Authors: Lam Marco C. , Smith Robert J. , Arcavi Iair , Steele Iain A. , Veitch-Michaelis Josh , Wyrzykowski Lukasz 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We provide a suite of public open-source spectral data-reduction software to rapidly obtain scientific products from all forms of long-slit-like spectroscopic observations. Automated SpectroPhotometric REDuction (ASPIRED) is a Python-based spectral data-reduction toolkit. It is designed to be a general toolkit with high flexibility for users to refine and optimize their data-reduction routines for the individual characteristics of their instruments. The default configuration is suitable for low-resolution long-slit spectrometers and provides a quick-look quality output. However, for repeatable science-ready reduced spectral data, some moderate one-time effort is necessary to modify the configuration. Fine-tuning and additional (pre)processing may be required to extend the reduction to systems with more complex setups. It is important to emphasize that although only a few parameters need updating, ensuring their correctness and suitability for generalization to the instrument can take time due to factors such as instrument stability. We compare some example spectra reduced with ASPIRED to published data processed with iraf-based and STARLINK-based pipelines, and find no loss in the quality of the final product. The Python-based, iraf-free ASPIRED can significantly ease the effort of an astronomer in constructing their own data-reduction workflow, enabling simpler solutions to data-reduction automation. This availability of near-real-time, science-ready data will allow adaptive observing strategies, particularly important in, but not limited to, time-domain astronomy.
High-energy (>40 MeV) Proton Intensity Enhancements Associated with the Passage of Interplanetary Shocks at 1 au
Authors: Lario D. , Richardson I. G. , Aran A. , Wijsen N. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We analyze periods with elevated >40 MeV proton intensities observed near Earth over a time span of 43 yr (1973–2016) that coincide with the passage of interplanetary (IP) shocks. Typically, elevated proton intensities result from large solar energetic particle (SEP) events. The IP shocks observed during these elevated-intensity periods may or may not be related to the origin of the SEP events. By choosing those cases when the shocks can be confidently associated with the solar eruption that generated the SEP event, we analyze the components of these SEP events that are localized in the vicinity of the shock (so-called “energetic storm particles”, ESPs), focusing on those events where the ESP component exceeds 40 MeV. We examine the interdependence of these high-energy ESPs with (i) the properties of the solar eruptions that generated the shocks and the SEP events, and (ii) the parameters of the shocks at their arrival at 1 au. The solar eruptions at the origin of the shocks producing >40 MeV proton ESP intensity enhancements are within ±50° longitude of central meridian and are associated with fast coronal mass ejections (plane-of-sky speeds ≳1000 km s−1). The ESP events with the largest >40 MeV proton intensity increases tend to occur when there are structures such as intervening IP coronal mass ejections and other unrelated shocks present in the solar wind through which the shock is propagating. Among the various local shock parameters considered, only the shock speed shows a certain degree of correlation with the observed ESP intensity increase.
La contribution du juge constitutionnel au développement de recours effectifs protégeant les libertés
Authors: Bonnet Julien 
Published: June 2023

Solidement ancré parmi les normes de références du contrôle de constitutionnalité et régulièrement invoqué devant le Conseil constitutionnel, le droit à un recours juridictionnel effectif bénéficie d’une réelle protection. Le contrôle opéré sur son fondement est contextualisé en ce qu’il tient compte de manière interactive de différents éléments normatifs qui gravitent autour de la norme contrôlée, et intègre en vertu d’une démarche conséquentialiste les conséquences substantielles du régime procédural sur d’autres droits et libertés. En dépit d’une force normative et d’un dynamisme interprétatif indéniables, le droit au recours est l’objet d’une certaine ambivalence dès lors qu’il risque de se transformer en caution constitutionnelle permettant de réduire l’effectivité des droits et libertés. Sans compter l’abstraction traditionnelle de l’office du Conseil constitutionnel qui, bien que compensée par des éléments de concrétisation, contribue à offrir un bilan contrasté de l’effectivité du droit constitutionnel à un « recours juridictionnel effectif ».
La responsabilité de l’ordre social régulé : sur quelques interrogations suscitées par la Théorie de la justice de Rawls
Authors: Picavet Emmanuel 
Published: June 2023

La théorie de la justice proposée par Rawls, indissociablement politique et morale, constitue notamment une théorie de l’ordre organisé dans une société. À partir de la contribution de Rawls dans sa Théorie de la justice , cet article examine les rapports entre sa conception de la justice sociale et ses hypothèses concernant les fonctions qui permettent d’organiser une société dans le sens voulu. Cette problématique est abordée plus particulièrement en rapport avec la multiplication des formes d’institutionnalisation partielle des engagements et des prises de responsabilité collectives, dans un univers institutionnel désormais marqué par la figure prédominante d’un État « régulateur ».
Le conflit russo-ukrainien : une opportunité pour la Turquie
Authors: Schmid Dorothée 
Published: June 2023

Face au conflit ukrainien, Ankara, qui avait auparavant développé avec chacun des belligérants une relation spéciale basée à la fois sur l’histoire et sur l’intérêt économique, adopte une stratégie de neutralité active, d’équilibre. Puissance opportuniste au plein sens du terme, la Turquie saisit toute occasion de défendre ses intérêts propres, de proposer sa médiation et d’affirmer, face aux adversaires et aux alliés – en particulier dans l’OTAN –, son poids de puissance régionale.
Stratégies mémorielles et géopolitique de la conquête
Authors: Mink Georges 
Published: June 2023

L’utilisation par Vladimir Poutine d’une mémoire historique travestie pour justifier son agression contre l’Ukraine nous rappelle l’importance des sédiments mémoriels dans la construction des perceptions populaires et des stratégies politiques. Ces interprétations mémorielles évoluent avec les chocs historiques, comme en témoigne l’histoire européenne depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale et après la chute du mur de Berlin. Elle montre la nécessité de conceptualiser plus finement les études mémorielles.
Géopolitique des petites puissances
Authors: Dabila Antony , Fouillet Thibault , Tellenne Cédric 
Published: June 2023

L’ordre mondial post-guerre froide se désorganise et la puissance se diffuse vers des États moyens ou petits, les dotant de nouveaux espaces de jeu. La puissance elle-même s’analyse différemment, privilégiant les ressources plus que les capacités. Il faut repenser tant la surface stratégique des « petites puissances » que leurs moyens d’agir, dans une logique de hard power ou de soft power , ce dernier étant souvent privilégié. Ceci, en gardant à l’esprit le poids de la force, toujours dominant.
Entretien avec Tessa West : détrôner les tyrans de bureau
Authors: Barlow Julie 
Published: June 2023

Le mot « toxique » est devenu si prépondérant que le dictionnaire Oxford l’a élu mot de l’année en 2018. Cinq ans plus tard, ce mot est toujours d’actualité, comme le fait remarquer Tessa West , professeure de psychologie sociale à l’Université de New York.
Cet isolement qui nous guette…
Authors: Auger Claudine 
Published: June 2023

L’humain est un être de relation. Dans la nouvelle organisation du travail, où la présence au bureau se conjugue avec les rencontres en virtuel, comment créer une véritable connexion avec ses collègues ? Comment déjouer l’isolement ? Les spécialistes sont catégoriques : dans un contexte de travail hybride, il y a bel et bien moyen de nouer des liens sains.
Un leadership nouveau genre
Authors: Auger Claudine 
Published: June 2023

Si les spécialistes qui s’intéressent à la féminisation du leadership constatent des avancées, encore trop peu de femmes œuvrent dans les hautes sphères des organisations. Quels sont les principaux obstacles ? Le mouvement de la féminisation représente-t-il la bonne manière d’ouvrir les organisations à un modèle plus inclusif ? Au fond, quel est le leadership que l’on désire voir éclore ?
Gender and Research Productivity of Vitreoretinal Surgery Fellowship Program Directors
Authors: Lin John C. , Lokhande Anagha , Scott Ingrid U. , Greenberg Paul B. 
Published: June 2023

Background and Objective:
Characteristics of vitreoretinal surgery fellowship program directors (PDs) in North America are not well described. This study reports on the gender and research productivity of vitreoretinal surgery PDs in the United States and Canada.

Materials and Methods:

We reviewed demographics, total number of Scopus-indexed publications, h-index, and m-quotient for vitreoretinal surgery fellowship PDs in 2022. Descriptive statistics, student
t
-tests, χ
2
tests, and logistic regression analyses were performed.

Results:
Information was obtained on 83/89 (93%) PDs; 86% were male, and 84% did not have an additional graduate degree. The mean publication count was 81.54 (SD: 90.33) and mean h-index was 20.61 (SD: 16.49). There were no significant differences between female and male fellowship PDs with respect to number of publications, h-indices, and m-quotients.

Conclusion:
Women were underrepresented among vitreoretinal fellowship PDs although they had similar research productivity as their male colleagues.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2023;54:384–386.]
Varicocele Embolisation Effects on Improving Fertility: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Bhuta Maunil Ajay , Gupta Deepanshu , Gogoi Sanjit , Prudhvinath K , Kar Chandrakanta , Khurana Sushant 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Varicocele is characterised by abnormal dilation and enlargement of scrotal venous pampiniform plexus which drains blood from testicles. It is a commonly identified cause of male infertility where twisted and enlarged veins are observed in the spermatic cord. The present meta-analysis aimed at evaluating effects of varicocele embolisation (VE) on improving fertility in infertile or sub-fertile men by analysing sperm parameters.

Materials and Methods:
A systematic search of existing English literature was conducted to identify studies on changes in sperm concentration, sperm motility, sperm morphology, sperm vitality, total motile sperm count, and FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone) outcomes in patients undergoing VE procedures for the treatment of varicocele. These studies included Randomised Control Trials (RCTs), non-randomised clinical trials, comparative studies, and retrospective and prospective reviews. RevMan (Review Manager v5.4.1) software was used for statistical analysis with a random effects model to determine the standard mean difference. Quality assessment of all studies was performed using risk of bias assessment with RevMan software.

Results:
A total of 14 relevant studies describing effects of varicocele embolisation on sperm parameters were identified. Statistical analyses for sperm morphology, sperm vitality, and FSH level were insignificant. The effect of VE on sperm concentration, sperm motility, and total motile sperm count was found to be insignificant as per the pooled results of analysis.

Conclusion:
Present meta-analysis shows effectiveness of VE in improving sperm parameters considered in this study. However, high-quality RCTs with larger sample size are necessary to reach statistically significant and definitive conclusions about varicocele embolisation in improving fertility.
An analytical study to establish the role of Calendula Q as a topical wound dressing in partial-thickness burn wound
Authors: Sharma Harish Kumar , Dev Dharm , Rajpal  , Lamba Chetna Deep , Thayal Piyush K. , Heema  , Mohan Anuj 
Published: June 2023

Objectives:
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Calendula officinalis in the wound healing of burn wound in comparison with standard povidone-iodine solution.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective randomized controlled study with 3 weeks of intervention and follow-up was conducted at the Department of Burns, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Safdarjung Hospital and VMMC, New Delhi, in collaboration with Homeopathic Treatment Centre, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2018. The patients between 15 and 60 years of age reporting to the burns outpatient department with burn wounds due to thermal bums having the involvement of 5%–20% of total body surface area within 24 h of injury were randomized to either the Calendula (n = 20) or Betadine (n = 20) group.

Results:
There was no significant difference between the Calendula and Betadine groups, however, by day 14, 75% of cases in theCalendula group showed 80% and above epithelization as compared to 45.0% of cases in the Betadine group. Similarly, there was no significant difference between the wound discharges between the two groups but 95% had no discharge by the 14th day in the Calendula group as compared with 65% in the Betadine group. The Calendula group had a reduced incidence of wound infection when compared with Betadine.

Conclusion:
Therefore, Calendula dressing had a positive influence in early epithelization, better control of wound discharge, and lesser infections but these need to be evaluated on adequate sample size for a definite outcome.
Study of central venous catheter-related complications in major burn patients
Authors: Agrawal Itisha , Bhatnagar Arun 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Routinely changing central venous catheters (CVCs) as a prevention strategy of bbloodstreaminfections in burns patients has been controversial due to the paucity of evidence for appropriate timings of line changes. This study aims to ascertain the risk factors associated with central line-associated sepsis and thrombosis and to evaluate the role of heparin lock, routine line changes, and thromboprophylaxis in reducing the risk of complications associated with central venous catheterization.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective observational hospital-based study on 50 patients admitted with major burns (involving 40% or more total body surface area [TBSA] in burn intensive care unit/ward at Gandhi Medical College and Associated Hamidia Hospital from May 2021 to June 2022. Nontunneled, triple-lumen central lines were inserted usingthe Seldinger technique preferentially on healthy skin and secured with Tegaderm™ CHG Chlorhexidine Gluconate transparent dressing. The removal of central lines was done sepsis (persistent rise of fever unresponsive to antipyretics or empirical antibiotics) or when distal limb swelling edema) developed. Routine removal of the central line was also done when resuscitation was over and parenteral nutritional supplementation was no longer needed (after 12–15 days) or before shifting from HDU or on discharge. Data collection included: Demographics, co-morbidities, type and cause of burn, %TBSA, route (subclavian, femoral, and jugular line), access (healthy/burned) of line, duration of line in situ, complications (cellulitis, edema, venous thrombosis, and persistent high-grade fever), culture/sensitivity (c/s) reports, duration of hospital stay, heparin prophylaxis, or treatment. The data were processed with Chi-square test. The primary outcome of this observational study was a measure of catheter-related bloodstream infections and symptomatic deep vein thrombosis and their correlation with demographics and various comorbidities.

Result:
Central line duration and age were identified as independent risk factors for central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), with central line duration the most significant predictor (P < 0.05). CLABSI occurred at 12.81 ± 2.967 days' postline insertion. Further research is needed to assess the role of routine line changes (every 12–15 days' postinsertion) in preventing CLABSI and heparin lock in reducing the incidence of venous thrombosis. Hospital stay was prolonged in the patients developing CVC-associated complications independently increasing morbidity in patients with severe burns, but was not found to be significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Jugular venous route should be preferred as the site of CVC insertion (easier and associated with a lower complication rate) and the duration of line kept in situ should be reduced. The blood c/s (preferably central line tip c/s) should be sent routinely after 10 days or on the first suspicion of complications to reduce the incidence and severity of CLABSI in major burn patients.
A case report: Secondary cancers due to oncological treatment modalities
Authors: Gulmez Ahmet 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. In recent years, numerous non-chemotherapy agents have been developed for BC treatment, including targeted agents, new hormonal therapies, and immunotherapies. However, despite the widespread use of these agents, chemotherapies are still an important cornerstone in BC treatment. Similarly, serious de-escalation studies in radiotherapy use have been conducted in recent years. These two treatment modalities, which we frequently use in the treatment of BC due to their effectiveness, may also have serious side effects.

Case Presentation:
In this article, I will present a case of multiple myeloma (MM) and myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) that occurred many years later in a patient who completed adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy for BC. MM has developed due to previous chemotherapy and MFS has developed due to previous radiotherapy.

Conclusion:
We usually treat our cancer patients with chemotherapy or radiotherapy to prolong their lives. In addition to the benefits we provide, may negatively affect the lifetime and quality of life by causing the development of metachronous secondary cancers in some patients. In this case report, I will present the “ironic” side of oncology science and treatment.
A dose escalated fiducial marker-based image guided radical radiotherapy in locally advanced prostate cancers: A single institute experience from India
Authors: Gupta Pramod K. , Rastogi Neeraj , Das Koilpillai Joseph Maria , Kumar Shaleen 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
Image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) is one of the most commonly used treatment in LAPC. Dose escalation >74 Gy has shown to improve the biochemical control and freedom from failure rate in LAPC.We started treating LAPC patients with dose escalated IGRT in our institute since 2008. We did a retrospective analysis to see the biochemical relapse-free survival, cancer-specific survival, and bladder and rectal toxicity.

Methods:
A total of 50 consecutive prostate cancer patients were treated with dose escalated IGRT between January 2008 to Dec 2013. Out of these, 37 patients of LAPC were analyzed and their medical records were retrieved. All were biopsy proven adenocarcinoma of prostate with D’Amico high risk category (PSA >20 ng/mL or Gleason score (GS) >7 or T2c-T4). Three gold fiducial markers were placed in the prostate. Patients were immobilized in supine position with either ankle or knee rest. Partial bladder filling and rectum emptying protocol was followed. Clinical target volume (CTV) segmentation was done according to EORTC recommendation. Population based PTV expansion from CTV of 10 mm (cranio-caudal), 10 mm (medio-lateral), 10 mm (anterior) and 5 mm (posterior) was given. In patients with radiologically enlarged pelvic lymph node, whole pelvis intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) to a dose of 50.4 Gy/28# followed by prostatic boost 26Gy/13# by IMRT using image guidance. Rest of the patients received prostate only RT to a dose of 76Gy/38# by IGRT. Daily On board KV images were taken and 2D-2D fiducial marker matching was done and shifts were applied on machine before treatment. Biochemical relapse was defined as per Phoenix definition (nadir + 2 ng/mL). Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) toxicity grading system was used to document acute and late toxicity.

Results:
Median age of patients was 66 years. Median pre-treatment PSA was 22 ng/mL. Thirty patients (81%) had T3/T4 lesions and nodal metastasis was seen in 11 (30%). Median GS was 8. Median radiotherapy dose was 76 Gy. Imaging before radiation delivery was done in 19(51%) patients and 100% in 14 (38%) patients. With a median follow up of 6.5 years, 5-year biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was 66% and 79% respectively. Mean bRFS and CSS were 71 months and 83 months however Median bRFS and CSS were not reached. Distant metastasis was seen in 8 (22%). RTOG grade III bladder and rectal toxicity was seen in 2 (6%) and 2 (6%) patients respectively.

Conclusion:
Dose escalated IGRT with fiducial marker positional verification for LAPC is doable in Indian setup provided more emphasis given on daily on-board imaging with rigorous bladder filling and rectal emptying protocol. Long term follow up is needed to assess the effect on distant disease-free survival and CSS.
The effect of the ATM inhibitor AZD0156 on the radiosensitivity of human breast cancer and lung fibroblast cells
Authors: Yilmaz Ugur , Kamer Deniz , Asik Aycan , Kara Hale G. , Gündüz Cumhur , Kamer Serra 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Aims:
To evaluate the effect of the combination of irradiation and AZD0156 on apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and clonogenic survival in human breast cancer and fibroblast cells.

Methods and Material:
Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and healthy lung fibroblast cell line WI-38 were obtained. Following employing proliferation analysis, cytotoxicity analysis was done to calculate the IC50 values of AZD0156 in MCF-7 and WI-38 cell lines. Following the application of AZD0156 and irradiation, flow cytometry analysis was performed for evaluating cell cycle distribution and the extent of apoptosis. Plating efficiency and surviving fraction were calculated for the clonogenic assay.

Statistical Analysis Used:
SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 17.0. (SPSS Inc. Chicago) and GraphPad Prism Version 6.0 for Windows (GraphPad Software, San Diego, California USA) softwares were used to analyze data.

Results:
AZD0156 and irradiation dose of 2–10 Gy had no effect on apoptosis on MCF-7 cells. The combination treatment of AZD0156 and 2 Gy, 4 Gy, 6 Gy, 8 Gy, and 10 Gy irradiation induced G0/G1 phase arrest by 1.79, 1.79, 1.50, 1.25, and 1.52-fold compared to the control group, respectively on MCF-7 cell lines. Combination treatment of AZD0156 and each different irradiation dose affected clonogenic survival owing to increased radiosensitivity (p: 0.02). AZD0156 and irradiation dose of 2 Gy, 4 Gy, 6 Gy, 8 Gy, and 10 Gy decreased the cell viability rate of WI-38 cells by 1.05, 1.18, 1.22, 1.04, and 1.05-fold compared to the control group, respectively. No efficacy was detected on cell cycle analysis, and clonogenic survival was not significantly decreased in WI-38 cells.

Conclusion:
The combination use of irradiation and AZD0156 has improved efficacy of tumor cell-specific cell cycle arrest and decreasing clonogenic survival.