bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of immune regulation and differentiation dysfunction of mesenchymal stem cells on the disease process in ankylosing spondylitis and prospective analysis of stem cell transplantation therapy
Authors: Feng Xinzhe , Qiao Junjie , Xu Weidong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a rheumatic bone and joint disease caused by inflammation, erosion, and pathological bone formation. The pathological features of chronic inflammation, bone destruction, and pathological ossification occur due to the disruption of the body’s immune regulation and altered bone remodeling balance. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have multidirectional differentiation potential and immunomodulatory functions and play an important role in immune regulation and bone formation. The immune regulation and osteogenic capacity of MSCs in AS are altered by factors such as genetic background, internal environment, infection, and mechanical forces that drive disease development. This review further evaluates the role of MSCs dysfunction in inflammation and pathological bone formation by analyzing the effects of the above-mentioned factors on MSCs function and also looks forward to the prospects of MSCs in treating AS, providing some ideas for an in-depth study of inflammation and ectopic ossification.

Key messages
Theory of Perturbation of Electrostatic Field By A Coated Anisotropic Dielectric Sphere
Authors: Tsitsas Nikolaos L , Alkhoori Hamad M , Lakhtakia Akhlesh 
Published: September 2023

Summary
A boundary-value problem was formulated for perturbation of an electrostatic field by a coated dielectric sphere made of two distinct linear anisotropic dielectric (LAD) materials. Specific affine transformations were employed to represent the electric potential inside the core and the coating in terms of the solutions of the Laplace equation. A transition matrix was found to relate the source potential and the perturbation potential in the exterior region. The formulation can be straightforwardly extended to concentrically multilayered spheres made of several homogeneous LAD materials.
The art of (self)legitimization: how private museums help their founders claim legitimacy as elite actors
Authors: Kolbe Kristina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article explores private art museums’ role for elite legitimization processes. Based on interviews with founders, directors, and curators of Germany-based private museums, I explore the discourses participants invoke to legitimize museum founders as actors in the artworld and as elites generally. I draw out a two-pronged legitimation strategy. First, respondents posit private museums’ increasingly important role for today’s art ecosystem, implying logics of discursive innovation and organizational flexibility vis-à-vis public museums. Second, interviewees construct intra-group status hierarchies via notions of the autonomous and ethical collector-founder versus other ostentatious private collectors and unethical wealth elites more widely. Together, these narratives effectively conflate seemingly opposite discourses of private entrepreneurialism and authenticity, allowing interviewees to signal legitimacy for founders over both public and other private actors. This elite legitimation work is performed by both founders and those institutionally connected to them, showing how legitimization can be a complex and institutionally mediated process.
Perspectives internationales de la réforme du droit français des sûretés
Authors: Laval Sarah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A recent French reform, dated 15 September 2021, which entered into force on 1 January 2022, largely modifies the law of guarantees and security interests. It clarifies a certain number of rules, suppresses several security interests that appeared to be obsolete, and reinforces the protection of warrantors without neglecting the interests of creditors. Adopted to promote security, flexibility, and accessibility to French Law, and to enhance the efficiency of secured transactions, the reform has generally been perceived as successful. The purpose of this paper is to present the reform in an international perspective and to try to understand whether it fits the purpose it was assigned: to strengthen the attractiveness of French Law in the comparative landscape. We will demonstrate that, regarding a certain number of international instruments and foreign laws, the answer tends to be affirmative. The French Government might also seize this opportunity to include France in several international projects that it has, so far, stayed away from, such as the ratification of the Cape Town Convention.
Cranial osteology of the Brazilian dinocephalian Pampaphoneus biccai (Anteosauridae: Syodontinae)
Authors: Costa Santos Mateus A , Paes Neto Voltaire D , Schultz Cesar L , Cisneros Juan , Pierce Stephanie E , Pinheiro Felipe L 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Anteosauridae (Dinocephalia) were the largest predators of Guadalupian (Middle Permian) land communities. The, thus far, only known South American anteosaurid is the medium-sized syodontine Pampaphoneus biccai. This taxon was, until now, known only by its holotype, recovered from an outcrop of the Rio do Rasto Formation, Southern Brazil. Here we describe in detail an almost complete Pampaphoneus biccai skull associated with a few postcranial remains (UNIPAMPA 759) recently recovered from the type locality. The novel morphological information provided by this novel, better-preserved, specimen revealed that most characters previously proposed to distinguish Pampaphoneus biccai from Syodon biarmicum are probably ontogenetically constrained. We identify, however, new features that clearly distinguish these two taxa, and provide an updated diagnosis for Pampaphoneus biccai. Our phylogenetic reassessment of the taxon echoes previous propositions in which Pampaphoneus biccai was recovered as an early-divergent Syodontinae. Additionally, we tentatively indicate that a larger fragmentary specimen (UFRGS-PV-0249-P) may represent the mature size of the species, with the similar-sized holotype and UNIPAMPA 759 probably representing subadult individuals.
MiR-574-5p activates human TLR8 to promote autoimmune signaling and lupus
Authors: Wang Tao , Song Dan , Li Xuejuan , Luo Yu , Yang Dianqiang , Liu Xiaoyan , Kong Xiaodan , Xing Yida , Bi Shulin , Zhang Yan , Hu Tao , Zhang Yunyun , Dai Shuang , Shao Zhiqiang , Chen Dahan , Hou Jinpao , Ballestar Esteban , Cai Jianchun , Zheng Feng , Yang James Y. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTEndosomal single-stranded RNA-sensing Toll-like receptor-7/8 (TLR7/8) plays a pivotal role in inflammation and immune responses and autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying the initiation of the TLR7/8-mediated autoimmune signaling remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that miR-574-5p is aberrantly upregulated in tissues of lupus prone mice and in the plasma of lupus patients, with its expression levels correlating with the disease activity. miR-574-5p binds to and activates human hTLR8 or its murine ortholog mTlr7 to elicit a series of MyD88-dependent immune and inflammatory responses. These responses include the overproduction of cytokines and interferons, the activation of STAT1 signaling and B lymphocytes, and the production of autoantigens. In a transgenic mouse model, the induction of miR-574-5p overexpression is associated with increased secretion of antinuclear and anti-dsDNA antibodies, increased IgG and C3 deposit in the kidney, elevated expression of inflammatory genes in the spleen. In lupus-prone mice, lentivirus-mediated silencing of miR-574-5p significantly ameliorates major symptoms associated with lupus and lupus nephritis. Collectively, these results suggest that the miR-574-5p-hTLR8/mTlr7 signaling is an important axis of immune and inflammatory responses, contributing significantly to the development of lupus and lupus nephritis.
QInfoMating: Sexual Selection and Assortative Mating Estimation Software
Authors: Carvajal-Rodríguez A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundSexual selection theory is a multifaceted area of evolutionary research that has profound implications across various disciplines, including population genetics, evolutionary ecology, animal behavior, sociology, and psychology. It explores the mechanisms by which certain traits and behaviors evolve due to mate choice and competition within a species. In the context of this theory, the Jeffreys divergence measure, also known as population stability index, plays a key role in quantifying the information obtained when a deviation from random mating occurs for both discrete and continuous data. Despite the critical importance of understanding mating patterns in the context of sexual selection, there is currently no software available that can perform model selection and multimodel inference with quantitative mating data. Recognizing this gap, I have developed QInfoMating which provides a comprehensive solution for analyzing and interpreting mating data within the framework of sexual selection theory.ResultsThe program QInfoMating incorporates a user-friendly interface for performing statistical tests, best-fit model selection, and parameter estimation using multimodel inference for both discrete and continuous data. A use case is presented with real data of the species Echinolittorina malaccana.ConclusionsThe application of information theory, model selection, and parameter estimation using multimodel inference are presented as powerful tools for the analysis of mating data, whether quantitative or categorical. The QInfoMating program is one of the few (if not the only) tools designed to perform this type of analysis.Contactacraaj@uvigo.es
AtDREB2G is a novel regulator of riboflavin biosynthesis under low-temperature stress and abscisic acid treatment inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Namba Junya , Harada Miho , Toda Yuina , Maruta Takanori , Ishikawa Takahiro , Shigeoka Shigeru , Yoshimura Kazuya , Ogawa Takahisa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRiboflavin (RF) serves as a precursor to FMN and FAD, crucial cofactors in various metabolic processes. Strict regulation of cellular flavin homeostasis is imperative, yet information regarding the factors governing this regulation remains largely elusive. In this study, we first examined the impact of external flavin treatment on theArabidopsistranscriptome to identify novel regulators of cellular flavin levels. Our analysis revealed alterations in the expression of 49 putative transcription factors. Subsequent reverse genetic screening highlighted a member of the Dehydration-Responsive Element Binding (DREB) family, AtDREB2G, as a potential regulator of cellular flavin levels. Knockout mutants ofAtDREB2G(dreb2g) exhibited reduced flavin levels and decreased expression of RF biosynthetic genes compared to wild-type plants. Conversely, conditional overexpression ofAtDREB2Gled to an increase in the expression of RF biosynthetic genes and elevated flavin levels. In wild-type plants, exposure to low temperatures and abscisic acid treatment stimulated enhanced flavin levels and upregulated the expression of RF biosynthetic genes, concomitant with the induction ofAtDREB2G. Notably, these responses were significantly attenuated indreb2gmutants. Our findings establish AtDREB2G as a novel positive regulator of flavin biosynthesis inArabidopsis, particularly under conditions of low temperature and abscisic acid treatment.
Haplotype independence contributes to evolvability in the long-term absence of sex in a mite
Authors: Öztoprak Hüsna , Gao Shan , Guiglielmoni Nadège , Brandt Alexander , Zheng Yichen , Becker Christian , Becker Kerstin , Bednarski Viktoria , Borgschulte Lea , Burak Katharina Atsuko , Dion-Côté Anne-Marie , Leonov Vladislav , Opherden Linda , Shimano Satoshi , Bast Jens 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSome unique asexual species persist over time and contradict the consensus that sex is a prerequisite for long-term evolutionary survival. How they escape the dead-end fate remains enigmatic. Here, we generated a haplotype-resolved genome assembly based on a single individual and collected genomic data from worldwide populations of the parthenogenetic diploid oribatid mitePlatynothrus peltiferto identify signatures of persistence without sex. We found that haplotypes diverge independently since the transition to asexuality at least 20 my ago. Multiple lines of evidence indicate disparate evolutionary trajectories between haplotypic blocks. Our findings imply that such haplotypic independence can lead to non-canonical routes of evolvability, helping some species to adapt, diversify and persist for millions of years in the absence of sex.One-Sentence SummaryFunctionally different chromosome sets in an asexual mite species showcase a survival strategy spanning millions of years.
NbPTR1confers resistance againstPseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiaein kiwifruit
Authors: Yeh Shin-Mei , Yoon Minsoo , Scott Sidney , Chatterjee Abhishek , Hemara Lauren M. , Chen Ronan K.Y. , Wang Tianchi , Templeton Kerry , Rikkerink Erik H.A. , Jayaraman Jay , Brendolise Cyril 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiaebiovar 3 (Psa3) causes a devastating canker disease in yellow-fleshed kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis). The effector HopZ5, which is present in all isolates of Psa3 causing global outbreaks of pandemic kiwifruit canker disease, triggers immunity inNicotiana benthamianaand is not recognised in susceptibleA. chinensiscultivars. In a search forN. benthamiananon-host resistance genes against HopZ5, we found that the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor NbPTR1 recognised HopZ5. RPM1-interacting protein 4 (RIN4) orthologues from multiple plants, including kiwifruit, were associated with NbPTR1-mediated autoimmunity suppression and recognition of HopZ5. No functional orthologues of NbPTR1were found inA. chinensis. NbPTR1transformed into Psa3-susceptibleA. chinensisvar.chinensis‘Hort16A’ plants introduced HopZ5-specific resistance against Psa3. Altogether, this study suggested that expressing NbPTR1 in Psa3-susceptible kiwifruit is a viable approach to acquiring resistance to Psa3 and it provides valuable information for engineering resistance in otherwise susceptible kiwifruit genotypes.
Seasonal dynamics and environmental drivers of tissue and mucus microbiomes in the staghorn coralAcropora pulchra
Authors: Miller Therese C , Bentlage Bastian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundRainfall-induced coastal runoff represents an important environmental impact in near-shore coral reefs that may affect coral-associated bacterial microbiomes. Shifts in microbiome community composition and function can stress corals and ultimately cause mortality and reef declines. Impacts of environmental stress may be site specific and differ between coral microbiome compartments (e.g., tissueversusmucus). Coastal runoff and associated water pollution represent a major stressor for near-shore reef-ecosystems in Guam, Micronesia.MethodsAcropora pulchracolonies growing on the West Hagåtña reef flat in Guam were sampled over a period of eight months spanning the 2021 wet and dry seasons. To examine bacterial microbiome diversity and composition, samples ofA. pulchratissue and mucus were collected during late April, early July, late September, and at the end of December. Samples were collected from populations in two different habitat zones, near the reef crest (farshore) and close to shore (nearshore). Seawater samples were collected during the same time period to evaluate microbiome dynamics of the waters surrounding coral colonies. Tissue, mucus, and seawater microbiomes were determined using 16S DNA metabarcoding using Illumina sequencing. In addition, water samples were collected to determine fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) concentrations, as an indicator of water pollution. Water temperatures were recorded using data loggers and precipitation data obtained from a nearby rain gauge. The correlation structure of environmental parameters (temperature and rainfall), FIB concentrations, andA. pulchramicrobiome diversity was evaluated using a struictural equation model. Beta diversity analyses were used to investigate spatio-temporal trends of microbiome composition.ResultsA. pulchramicrobiome diversity differed between tissues and mucus, with mucus microbiome diversity being similar to the surrounding seawater. Rainfall and associated fluctuations of FIB concentrations were correlated with changes in tissue and mucus microbiomes, indicating their role as drivers ofA. pulchramicrobiome diversity.A. pulchratiussue microbiome composition remained relatively stable throughout dry and wet seasons and were dominated by Endozoicomonadaceae, coral endosymbionts and putative indicators of coral health. In nearshoreA. pulchratissue microbiomes, Simkaniaceae, putative obligate coral endosymbionts, were more abundant than inA. pulchracolonies growing near the reef crest (farshore).A. pulchramucus microbiomes were more diverse during the wet season than the dry season, a distinction that was also associated with drastic shifts in microbiome composition. This study highlights the seasonal dynamics of coral microbiomes and demonstrates that microbiome diversity and composition may differ between coral tissues and the surface mucus layer.
Evolutionary dynamics of pigmentary grey and non-iridescent structural blue colouration in Tanagers (family: Thraupidae)
Authors: Babarovic Frane , Cooney Christopher R , Guillerme Thomas , Nadeau Nicola J , Thomas Gavin Huw 
Published: September 2023

3.1AbstractBirds are one of the most colourful animal groups in the world and there are multiple ways by which they achieve this feature. Mechanisms of colour production range from pigmentary (pigment deposition) to structural (nanostructural arrangements), or the combination of both. Despite the hugebreadthof colour gamut, the basic components of feathers are shared across all of them (keratin, air and presence of pigments in accordance with the colour produced). It has been shown that in some instances, colour evolution between pigmentary and structural colours can proceed by rearrangement of the nano-structural elements of feathers. Here, we investigated evolutionary transitions between pigmentary grey and non-iridescent structural blue. We focus on the Thraupidae (tanagers and allies) that display a variety of blues and greys including a potential transition state that we refer to as slate. We used digitally calibrated images of birds to quantify colour and determine the distinctiveness of slate colour in colourspace. Following, we identify the most likely pathway for the evolution of the colour blue: from grey via slate colour. Our research reveals a new pathway in the evolution of blue colour.
Local field potentials in human motor and non-motor brain areas encode the direction of upcoming movements: An intracerebral EEG classification study
Authors: Combrisson Etienne , Di Rienzo Franck , Saive Anne-Lise , Perrone-Bertolotti Marcela , Soto Juan LP , Kahane Philippe , Lachaux Jean-Philippe , Guillot Aymeric , Jerbi Karim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLimb movement direction can be inferred from motor cortex activity. In humans, such decoding has been predominantly demonstrated using the spectral power of electrophysiological signals recorded in sensorimotor areas during movement execution. Yet, it remains unclear to what extent intended hand movement direction can be predicted from brain signals recorded during movement planning. Furthermore, whether other oscillatory features beyond power are also involved in direction encoding is not fully understood. Here, we set out to probe the directional-tuning of oscillatory phase, amplitude and Phase-Amplitude Coupling (PAC) during motor planning and execution, using a machine learning framework on multi-site local field potentials (LFPs) in humans. To this end, we recorded intracranial EEG data from implanted epilepsy patients as they performed a four-direction delayed center-out motor task. We found that LFP power significantly predicted hand-movement direction at execution but also during planning. While successful classification during planning primarily involved low-frequency power in a fronto-parietal circuit, decoding during execution was largely mediated by higher frequency activity in motor and premotor areas. Interestingly, LFP phase at very low frequencies (<1.5 Hz) led to significant decoding in premotor brain regions during execution. The machine learning framework also showed PAC to be uniformly modulated across directions through the task. Cross-temporal generalization analyses revealed that several stable brain patterns in prefrontal and premotor brain regions encode directions across both planning and execution. Finally, multivariate classification led to an increase in overall decoding accuracy (>80%) during both planning and execution. The novel insights revealed here extend our understanding of the role of neural oscillations in encoding motor plans.
A model for the dynamics of expanded CAG repeat alleles:ATXN2andATXN3as prototypes
Authors: Sena Lucas Schenatto , Lemes Renan , Furtado Gabriel Vasata , Saraiva-Pereira Maria Luiza , Jardim Laura Bannach 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSpinocerebellar ataxia types 2 (SCA2) and 3 (SCA3/MJD) are diseases due to dominant unstable expansions of CAG repeats (CAGexp). Age of onset of symptoms (AO) correlates with the CAGexp length. Repeat instability leads to new expansions, to important AO anticipations and to the eventual extinction of lineages. Because of that, compensatory forces are expected to act on the maintenance of expanded alleles, but they are poorly understood. Here, we described the CAGexp dynamics, adapting a classical equation and aiming to estimate for how many generations will the descendants of ade novoexpansion last. A mathematical model was adapted to encompass anticipation, fitness, and allelic segregation; and empirical data fed the model. The arbitrated ancestral mutations included in the model had the lowest CAGexp and the highest AO described in the literature. One thousand generations were simulated until the alleles were eliminated, fixed, or 650 generations had passed. All SCA2 lineages were eliminated in a median of 10 generations. In SCA3/MJD lineages, 593 were eliminated in a median of 29 generations. The other ones were eliminated due to anticipation after the 650th generation or remained indefinitely with CAG repeats transitioning between expanded and unexpanded ranges. Therefore, the model predicted outcomes compatible with empirical data - the very old ancestral SCA3/MJD haplotype, and thede novoSCA2 expansions -, which previously seemed to be contradictory. This model accommodates these data into understandable dynamics and might be useful for other CAGexp disorders.