bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domains of professional fulfillment for pediatric hospital medicine: A concept mapping study
Authors: Webber Sarah , Kloster Heidi , Shadman Kristin A. , Kelly Michelle , Sklansky Daniel , Coller Ryan J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe know little about how pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) physicians conceptualize their professional fulfillment (PF). The objective of this study was to determine how PHM physicians conceptualize PF.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine how PHM physicians conceptualize PF.MethodsWe performed a single‐site group concept mapping (GCM) study to create a stakeholder‐informed model of PHM PF. We followed established GCM steps. For brainstorming, PHM physicians responded to a prompt to generate ideas describing the concept of PHM PF. Next, PHM physicians sorted the ideas based on conceptual relatedness and ranked them on importance. Responses were analyzed to create point cluster maps where each idea represented one point, and point proximity illustrated how often ideas were sorted together. Using an iterative and consensus‐driven approach, we selected a cluster map best representing the ideas. Mean rating scores for all the items in each cluster were calculated.ResultsSixteen PHM physicians identified 90 unique ideas related to PHM PF. The final cluster map described nine domains for PHM PF: (1) work personal‐fit, (2) people‐centered climate, (3) divisional cohesion and collaboration, (4) supportive and growth‐oriented environment, (5) feeling valued and respected, (6) confidence, contribution, and credibility, (7) meaningful teaching and mentoring, (8) meaningful clinical work, and (9) structures to facilitate effective patient care. The domains with the highest and lowest importance ratings were divisional cohesion and collaboration and meaningful teaching and mentoring.ConclusionDomains of PF for PHM physicians extend beyond existing PF models, particularly the importance of teaching and mentoring.
Characterization of Mn3O4‐MnO2 nanocomposites biosynthesized by cell lysate of Haloferax alexandrinus GUSF‐1
Authors: Alvares Jyothi J. , Gaonkar Sanket K. , Naik Chandan C. , Asogekar Pratik , Furtado Irene J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractManganese oxide nanocomposites attract huge attention in various biotechnological fields due to their extensive catalytic properties. This study reports an easy, rapid, and cost‐effective method of using the cell lysate of haloarchaeon, Haloferax alexandrinus GUSF‐1 for the synthesis of manganese oxide nanoparticles. The reaction between the cell lysate and manganese sulfate resulted in the formation of a dark brown precipitate within 48 h at room temperature. The X‐ray diffraction pattern showed the existence of Mn3O4 and MnO2 phases consistent with the JCPDS card no. (01‐075‐1560 and 00‐050‐0866). The dark brown colloidal suspension of MnO3‐MnO2 in methanol showed maximum absorption between 220 and 260 nm. The EDX spectrum confirmed the presence of manganese and oxygen. The Transmission electron microscopy revealed the spherical morphology with an average particle size between 30 and 60 nm. The magnetic moment versus magnetic field (MH) curve, at room temperature (300 K) did not saturate even at a high magnetic field (±3T) indicating the paramagnetic nature of the prepared nanocomposite. The Atomic Emission Spectroscopic analysis showed a negligible amount of soluble manganese (0.03 ppm in 50 ppm) in the Mn3O4‐MnO2 suspension suggesting the maximum stability of the material in the solvent over time. Interstingly, Mn3O4‐MnO2 nanocomposites evidenced antimicrobial activity in the order of Pseudomonas aeruginosa > Salmonella typhi > Escherichia coli > Proteus vulgaris > Candida albicans > Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusively, this is the first report on the formation of Mn3O4‐MnO2 nanocomposites using cell lysate of salt pan haloarcheon Haloferax alexandrinus GUSF‐1 with antimicrobial potential.
Tropical cyclones position and intensity in the Southwest Indian Ocean as represented by CFS and ERA5 atmospheric reanalysis datasets
Authors: Bié Alberto José , de Camargo Ricardo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTropical cyclones are the most devastating meteorological systems that affect the Southwestern Indian Ocean (SWIO) bordering nations. The understanding of their track and intensity evolution is essential for the characterization of the systems. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction–Climate Forecast System (CFS) dataset and the ECWMF fifth‐generation reanalysis (ERA5) are evaluated against best‐track data from the International Best‐Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) from 1980 to 2019 cyclone seasons. The cyclones were tracked within the reanalyses using a tracking algorithm based on relative vorticity and identified using a spatiotemporal matching method. Climatology from IBTrACS showed significant negative (positive) trend in the total number (number of intense) of systems; however, the evaluation of trends has to be cautious because it may be limited due to uncertainties in the first decades of data. Results for reanalyses showed that both performed similarly although some peculiarities were noted. CFS presented a slightly higher probability of detection, related to its special treatment of tropical cyclone‐like vortex, being able to reproduce all systems between 2000 and 2019. For positions, the majority of the systems have average errors around 50–60 km and the errors generally decrease with the intensity of the systems in both reanalyses, with ERA5 being slightly better during the early stages, while CFS outperforms ERA5 for intensity beyond the IBTrACS's moderate tropical storm category. Intensity follows a reverse pattern of position, with reanalyses largely degrading systems' intensity as they intensify. CFS (ERA5) appeared to be slightly better in terms of maximum wind (minimum sea‐level pressure), representing stronger systems although both datasets were unable to reproduce wind intensities beyond the tropical cyclone category. All evaluated parameters showed improvements when the most recent data period (2000–2019) is considered, especially in ERA5, tailored to an improved quality of the observations that are used to generate best‐track data and also to nudge the reanalyses through data assimilation. Based on the reanalyses characteristics revealed here, the choice of the most suitable dataset to address a specific study within the SWIO region may be dependent on the desired parameters and period.
Minimizing Bond Angle Distortion to Improve Thermal Stability of Cr3+ Doped Near‐Infrared Phosphor
Authors: Zhang Liangliang , Wang Dandan , Liu Feng , Wu Hao , Pan Guohui , Wu Huajun , Hao Zhendong , Zhang Hong , Zhang Jiahua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBroadband near‐infrared (NIR) phosphor‐converted light‐emitting diodes are next‐generation smart NIR light sources. However, the NIR phosphor suffers from serious thermal quenching (TQ), resulting in efficiency reduction and spectral shift. Here, a novel strategy is realized to suppress TQ by minimizing bond angle distortion, completely different from the conventional TQ suppression approach through bond length variation. Li(Sr1−xCax)AlF6:Cr3+ NIR phosphor is taken as an example in which rotation between the two parallel fluorine planes perpendicular to the C3 axis in the [AlF6] octahedron is found to dominate TQ. Increasing x from 0 to 1 reduces the amplitude of the rotation from 16.17° to 5.06°, weakening the electron–phonon coupling and, consequently, raising the TQ temperature significantly from 320 to 570 K. This mechanism is elucidated from both theoretical calculations and spectroscopic studies. The findings open a new horizon for the exploration of thermally stable NIR phosphors.
Cyclic semiparallel Ricci tensor for harmonic curvature in the complex quadric
Authors: Suh Young Jin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe introduce the notion of harmonic curvature for real hypersurfaces in the complex quadric . First, we prove that the unit normal vector field N on real hypersurfaces in with harmonic curvature is singular, that is, ‐principal or ‐isotropic. Next by using a new notion of cyclic semiparallel Ricci tensor, we give a new result on real hypersurfaces with harmonic curvature and constant mean curvature in .
To ally or not to ally: Enterprises' preferences for technology alliance modes in transnational cooperation
Authors: Hu Xiaoqing , Zhou Qing , Cai Jianhu , Liu Shuchun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhen entering a foreign market, transnational enterprises often conduct research and development (R&D) activities to develop patent technologies and then produce products to meet the technology standard of the target market. Technology alliance is an efficient way to enhance the enterprise's capability of R&D. We assume that the R&D process is uncertain and then construct four models based on different alliance modes. We further study the impacts of different factors on enterprises' expected profits and then investigate enterprises' preferences for alliance modes. Our study can provide decision support for transnational enterprises going abroad and enterprises in foreign markets on their choices of technology alliance modes.
Mangiferin Protects DNase 2 Abundance via Nrf2 Activation to Prevent Cytosolic mtDNA Accumulation during Liver Injury
Authors: Li Lisi , Zhen Yifan , Chen Xi , Cao Lixue , Song Junna , Liu Xifu , Wang Meng 
Published: May 2023

ScopeMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) released into the cytosol serves as a member of damage‐associated molecular patterns to initiate inflammatory responses. Mangiferin is a xanthonoid derivative, usually isolated from plants including mangoes and iris unguicularis. This study aims to investigate whether mangiferin prevents mtDNA accumulation in the cytosol with a focus on deoxyribonuclease 2 (DNase 2) protection from oxidative damage.Methods and resultsMangiferin administration effectively protects against hepatotoxicity in mice subjected to CCl4 challenge or bile duct ligation (BDL) surgery. Moreover, mangiferin activates nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor (Nrf2)‐antioxidant signaling, reduces cytosolic mtDNA accumulation, and suppresses Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR‐9)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)‐dependent inflammation in the liver. The study prepares hepatic mtDNA to stimulate hepatocytes, and finds that mangiferin protects DNase 2 protein abundance. mtDNA induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production to promote DNase 2 protein degradation through oxidative modification, but mangiferin protects DNase 2 protein stability in a Nrf2‐dependent manner. In hepatic Nrf2 deficiency mice, the study further confirms that Nrf2 induction is required for mangiferin to clear cytosolic mtDNA and block mtDNA‐mediated TLR9/MyD88/nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) inflammatory signaling cascades.ConclusionThese findings provide new insights into the role of mangiferin as a liver protecting agent, and suggest protection of DNase 2 as a novel therapeutic strategy for pharmacological intervention to prevent liver damage.
Spawning Locations, Movements, and Potential for Stock Mixing of Walleye in Green Bay, Lake Michigan
Authors: Izzo Lisa K. , Dembkowski Daniel , Hayden Todd , Binder Tom , Vandergoot Christopher , Hogler Steven , Donofrio Michael , Zorn Troy , Krueger Charles C. , Isermann Daniel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Effective fishery management in large systems relies on understanding how individual stocks contribute to a fishery over spatial and temporal scales. The current conceptual model for management of Walleye Sander vitreus in Green Bay designates Walleye in the northern and southern parts of the bay as distinct stocks, with little mixing between the northern and southern fisheries, and assumes that Walleye in both northern and southern Green Bay primarily spawn in tributaries as opposed to shoreline or offshore reef areas. We used acoustic telemetry to test this conceptual model for Walleye management in Green Bay. Telemetry indicated that the majority of Green Bay Walleye use tributaries for spawning. However, many individuals were assigned to open-water spawning locations during consecutive years in both northern (26%) and southern (21%) Green Bay, suggesting that open-water spawners may represent a larger proportion of the Walleye stocks than previously thought. Differential movement was observed between northern and southern portions of Green Bay, with 56% of Walleye tagged in northern Green Bay crossing receiver lines to move south compared to only 19% of Walleye tagged in southern Green Bay crossing receiver lines to move north. Walleye typically transitioned across these boundaries in summer and fall, suggesting that stock contributions to the fishery in each zone may differ seasonally. Differential movements of northern Green Bay Walleye may be influenced by broad-scale differences in habitat and prey availability, which are likely related to the differential effects of dreissenid mussel invasion in Green Bay. Our results suggest that adjustment of monitoring efforts to account for open-water spawners may provide a more complete picture of stock status. Additionally, more research examining potential food web effects of northern Green Bay Walleye moving into southern Green Bay may be needed to determine how these movements might influence other important species.
How I approach B‐lymphoblastic lymphoma in children
Authors: Devine Kaitlin J. , Fries Carol , Hermiston Michelle , Wistinghausen Birte 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere are limited data pertaining to the prognostic features and optimal therapeutic approach for the 20%–25% of children with lymphoblastic lymphoma (LLy) who have the B‐lymphoblastic subtype. Outcomes are favorable following treatment modeled after acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) regimens, but prognosis is dismal after relapse, and there are no established features for predicting therapy response. Ongoing US and international trials will include the largest cohort of uniformly treated patients with B‐LLy to date, providing an opportunity to define clinical and molecular predictors of relapse and to establish a standard of care for treatment to improve outcomes for this rare pediatric cancer.
Brain cortical assessment by MRI in fetuses with left congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Fabietti Isabella , Grassini Giulia , Savelli Sara , Vicario Roberta , Romiti Anita , Viggiano Milena , Vassallo Chiara , Valfrè Laura , Giliberti Paola , Capolupo Irma , Bonito Marco , Bagolan Pietro , Morini Francesco , Caforio Leonardo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate fetal brain development using MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) in CDH (congenital diaphragmatic hernia).Methods52 isolated left CDH and 104 control fetuses were imaged using MRI. Brain morphometry (Biparietal diameter—BPD, brain fronto‐occipital diameter—BFOD, third ventricle, posterior ventricles, transcerebellar diameter—TCD, anteroposterior and craniocaudal cerebellar vermis diameter—AP and CC) and cortical structures (bilateral cingulate fissure—CF, insular fissure—IF, insular depth ‐ ID) were compared with controls using Mann–Whitney test.ResultsMedian gestational age at MRI (p = 0.95)and the median biparietal diameter (p = 0.737) were comparable. Among morphometric parameters, only the brain fronto‐occipital diameter was significantly smaller in CDH (p = 0.001) and the third ventricle was significantly greater in CDH (<0.0001). Among cortical structures, the cingulate and insular fissures were significantly deeper in CDH fetuses (p < 0.0001) as the insular depth ID was smaller in CDH (p < 0.03).ConclusionsCDH fetuses have a smaller fronto‐occipital diameter, reduced insular depth, deeper cingulate and insular fissure, and greater third ventricle width as compared to controls. These findings suggest that left CDH may have an impact on fetal brain development with an overall reduction in brain volume.
Protein model quality assessment using rotation‐equivariant transformations on point clouds
Authors: Eismann Stephan , Suriana Patricia , Jing Bowen , Townshend Raphael J. L. , Dror Ron O. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMachine learning research concerning protein structure has seen a surge in popularity over the last years with promising advances for basic science and drug discovery. Working with macromolecular structure in a machine learning context requires an adequate numerical representation, and researchers have extensively studied representations such as graphs, discretized 3D grids, and distance maps. As part of CASP14, we explored a new and conceptually simple representation in a blind experiment: atoms as points in 3D, each with associated features. These features—initially just the basic element type of each atom—are updated through a series of neural network layers featuring rotation‐equivariant convolutions. Starting from all atoms, we further aggregate information at the level of alpha carbons before making a prediction at the level of the entire protein structure. We find that this approach yields competitive results in protein model quality assessment despite its simplicity and despite the fact that it incorporates minimal prior information and is trained on relatively little data. Its performance and generality are particularly noteworthy in an era where highly complex, customized machine learning methods such as AlphaFold 2 have come to dominate protein structure prediction.
An optimally designed distribution‐free CUSUM procedure for tri‐aspect surveillance of continuous processes
Authors: Tang Anan , Mukherjee Amitava , Ma Yuanman 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the past few decades, research on nonparametric process monitoring schemes mainly dealt with the uni‐aspect or bi‐aspect schemes, focusing on monitoring process location or scale separately or jointly. Another critical process characteristic, namely, the process shape, is not explicitly dealt with in‐depth in most existing charting schemes. In classical hypothesis testing, some recent literature clearly showed that the multi‐aspect test statistics, although designed for very restrictive alternatives, often perform as well or better than many statistics for arbitrary distributional shifts. They are often better than Kolmogorov‐Smirnov or Cramér‐von Mises statistics and some empirical likelihood‐based test statistics. The current paper aims to use a tri‐aspect statistic to design a distribution‐free Phase‐II Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) charting scheme for monitoring any arbitrary process changes in the process. The proposal is nonparametric and is equivalent to an unknown standard case. It reflects, in addition, which parameters, among location, scale, or shape, are more responsible for a signal. The construction of the CUSUM scheme from an existing tri‐aspect Shewhart‐type chart is simple, so significant attention is devoted to determining a near‐optimal reference parameter of the chart in keeping an unknown shift type in mind. Comparisons of the optimal performance of various competitors are considered in terms of the median run length (MRL) metric. The proposed charting scheme designed with the tri‐aspect statistic compares highly favorably with many existing SPM schemes. The same is evident from our findings based on the Monte‐Carlo simulation. Finally, the proposed schemes are illustrated with a flow‐width measurement monitoring example.
Robotic system for magnetic resonance imaging‐guided focused ultrasound treatment of thyroid nodules
Authors: Filippou Antria , Evripidou Nikolas , Damianou Christakis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundHerein, a robotic system offering Magnetic Resonance‐guided Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS) therapy of thyroid nodules was developed.MethodsThe robotic system offers linear motion in 2 PC‐controlled axes that navigate a 3 MHz single‐element focused transducer. The system, through a C‐arm structure attaches to the table of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners and couples to the neck of patients lying in the supine position. The MRI compatibility of the developed system was assessed inside a 3 T scanner. Benchtop and MRI feasibility studies evaluating the heating performance of the system were executed on excised pork tissue and on homogeneous and thyroid model agar‐based phantoms.ResultsThe MRI compatibility of the system was successfully established. Grid sonications executed using robotic motion inflicted discrete and overlapping lesions on the excised tissue, while magnetic resonance (MR) thermometry successfully monitored thermal heating in agar‐based phantoms.ConclusionsThe developed system was found to be efficient with ex‐vivo evaluation. The system can perform clinical MRgFUS therapy of thyroid nodules and other shallow targets after further in‐vivo evaluation.
Forest edge structure from terrestrial laser scanning to explain bird biophony characteristics from acoustic indices
Authors: Verhelst Tom E. , Vangansbeke Pieter , De Frenne Pieter , D'hont Barbara , Ponette Quentin , Willems Luc , Verbeeck Hans , Calders Kim 
Published: May 2023

AbstractForest edges can be important strongholds for biodiversity and play a crucial role in the protection of forest interiors against edge effects. However, their potential to host biodiversity is dependent on the structure of the forest: Abrupt edges often fail to realise this potential. Yet, methods to accurately characterise and quantify forest edge abruptness are currently lacking. Here, we combine three‐dimensional forest structural data with biodiversity monitoring to assess the influence of forest edge structure on habitat suitability. We derived several structural metrics to determine forest edge abruptness using terrestrial laser scanning and applied these to six forest edge transects in Belgium. The local soundscapes were captured using audio recording devices (Audiomoths) and quantified using acoustic indices (AIs) (metrics on the soundscape characteristics). In each transect, the dawn choruses were recorded over a period of a week, both at the edge and the interior of the forest. No correlation between the AIs and bird species richness was found. There were clear differences between transects in the structural metrics and the recorded soundscapes. Some possible relations between both were found. In this proof of concept, we demonstrated innovative techniques to semi‐automatically classify forest structure and rapidly quantify soundscape characteristics and found a weak effect of forest edge structure on bird biophony.
From orthophosphate to phosphine‐based groups: The effects of argon ion sputtering on doped polyethersulfone films
Authors: Dias Frederico G. de A. , Souza Leonardo S. G. , Veiga Amanda G. , Andreopoulou Aikaterini K. , Kallitsis Joannis K. , Rocco Maria Luiza M. 
Published: May 2023

Pyridine‐containing polyethersulfone films are being studied extensively as they are considered promising types of polymer electrolyte membranes to be used in high‐temperature fuel cell (HT‐PEMFC) applications. In this study, modified polyethersulfone films doped with phosphoric acid were bombarded by a 3 keV argon ion beam resulting in a different chemical environment at the end of the sputtering process. X ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to analyze the changes that occurred due to the exposure to the beam, confirming that distinct species appeared and indicating that reactions between the acid and the film occurred. These changes cause the formation of new phosphine‐based structures and point out the impact of ions as a crucial factor in the degradation of doped polyethersulfone films.