bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Effects of Online Hemodiafiltration versus High Flux Hemodialysis on Serum Levels of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA), and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-Alpha
Authors: Elsayed Hesham M , Said Heba W El , Beshary Waleed A , Rahman Fatma Abdel , Helmy Ahmad A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
In ESRD patients, chronic inflammation is a common feature and results in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Aim of the Work
to identify a superior merit for convective dialysis over high flux dialysis in decreasing the serum level of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF α) and Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in ESRD adult population.

Patients and Methods
This study was conducted on 20 patients from the ESRD patients attending the dialysis unit of nephrology department in Ain Shams specialized hospital, the selected subjects were being treated by dialytic support in the form of two sessions of high flux standard haemodialysis and one session of hemodiafiltration each week. All the selected patients were clinically stable, aged ≥18 years, receiving dialysis for≥ 3 months, with wellfunctioning AV fistulas, not on anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs for 3 months earlier and during the study.

Results
there was a highly statistically significant increase in Percent of change (drop) in TNFα post HDF session versus high flux HD session. Similarly, the Percent of change (drop) in ADMA was higher post HDF session versus high flux HD session which represented a highly statistically significant difference. The results of our study showed superiority of HDF over HF HD in TNF α and ADMA clearance.

Conclusion
Convective clearance plays a crucial role in improving the biomarker profile. Using online hemodiafiltration technique that combines the use of high-flux synthetic membrane with low bio reactive profile and the use of ultrapure dialysis fluid showed a significant reduction of ADMA and TNF alpha in adult with ESRD.
Relation of Serum Homocysteine Levels and Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Elbaky Mohamed Salah Eldin Abd , Ali Adel Mahmoud , Habeeb Reem Abd El-Moneem , El-Rhaman Maryam Ahmed Abd , Ali Ahmed Abdulkhabeer 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
SLE is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies to components of the cell nucleus in association with diverse clinical manifestations affecting almost all organ systems. It is a complex disease with variable presentations, course, and prognosis characterized by remissions and flares. The etiology of SLE remains unknown and is clearly multifactorial. Many observations suggest a role for genetic, hormonal, immunologic, and environmental factors.

Objective
To evaluate the relation between serum homocysteine levels and occurrence of chronic renal disease, renal functions, severity of proteinuria and progression to end stage renal disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Patients and Methods
This study include 70 SLE patients with biopsy proven lupus nephritis who fulfill four or more of 2012 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for SLE. They were recruited from Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic and Rheumatology Inpatient Department of Ain Shams University Hospitals. Twenty healthy individuals were included as controls. Written consents were obtained from all patients participating in the study.

Results
In this study there was highly statistically significant difference between patients and controls as regards serum homocysteine levels, 17 patients had mild, 8 moderate and 5 severe hyperhomocysteinaemia, with (p- &lt;0.001). Hypertension was recorded in 32 SLE patients (45.7%) and no one of controls was hypertensive. Carotid examination showed an overall increased intimal thickness (CIMT) in the 8 (11.4 %) SLE patients (3 of them have hypertension). There was highly statistically significant relation between levels of homocysteine with carotid intimal thickness imaging in patients group p-value &lt;0.001. The current study proved that there statistically a significant correlation between serum homocysteine levels and class of CKD, 40 had normal and 30 had subnormal HC levels, mild HHC was observed in 17, moderate HHC in 8 cases, while sever HHC was 5 of cases with p- &lt;0.001.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that homocysteine is modifiable marker in SLE patients; hyperhomocysteinemia was significantly correlated with renal function and progression to end stage renal disease. The current study shows statistically significant relation between serum homocysteine levels and patients age, disease duration, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. There were significant positive correlation between homocysteine levels and both blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and 24 hr urinary protein. Also, there statistically significant relation between homocysteine and CKD classes in SLE patients, 40% of patients with class IV LN had hyperhomocysteinamia.
Evaluation of Serum Cathelicidin in Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria
Authors: El Nour Melek Nermine Abd , El Latif Osama Mohamed Abd , Mahdi Amira Ramadan El , El Gamal Ahmed Mohammed El Nogoly 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has long been recognized as a major clinical problem with unknown cause, and it is well known that part of it is autoimmune. Cathelicidin as antimicrobial peptides was linked to autoimmune diseases. So, this study will be conducted as a step forward for better understanding of (CSU) pathophysiology.

Aim of the Work
Assessment of Serum Cathelicidin levels in patients with chronic spontaneous urticarial and correlate Serum Cathelicidin with Urticaria Activity Score.

Patients and Methods
This was a case control study conducted on 40 patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria attending the outpatient allergy and immunology clinic at Ain Shams University hospitals between October 2020 and August 2021 with 40 controls with matched age and sex were also included to evaluate serum Cathelicidin in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria.

Results
The mean age of our CSU patients was 36.88 years; 67.5% were female. These demographic data are consistent with those of the literature. Our results showed that the distribution of the studied cases regarding demographic data, family history and duration of urticaria was no statistically significant difference between studied groups regarding sex, age. While for the family history there were 36 negative cases and only 4 had positive history. Regarding lab tests, we found that there was statistically significant difference between the studied Groups as regard the following WBC: (p value 0.023) being higher in group of patients than group of control, while for Total IgE: (p value &lt;0.001) was being higher in group of patients than group of control. Also showed that there is no statistically significant difference between studied Groups regarding Hemoglobin, Plts, Eosinophils, with p value (0.056,0.989,0.411) respectively. The distribution of the studied cases according to Urticaria activity score (UAS7) in patients group was demonstrated as 12.5 % in Score 1, 50 % in score 2, 37.5 % in score 3.

Conclusion
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has long been recognized as a major clinical problem with unknown cause, and it is well known that part of it is autoimmune. Cathelicidin as antimicrobial peptides was linked to autoimmune diseases. So, this study was conducted as a step forward for better understanding of (CSU) pathophysiology.
Salivary Pepsin versus Oesophageal PH Metry as a Diagnostic Test for Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease
Authors: Yousif Tarek Mohamed , Mohammed Manal Sabry , Geogre Tary Magdy Aziz , Mostafa Ahmed Mohammed Mahmoud 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is the retrograde movement of gastric contents (acid and enzymes such as pepsin) into the laryngopharynx leading to symptoms referable to the larynx/hypopharynx.

Objective
To evaluation of salivary pepsin as a non-invasive rapid test for diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux versus oesophageal ph metry.

Patients and Methods
This was a prospective comparative study conducted on 50 subjects; to evaluate the salivary pepsin as a non-invasive rapid test for diagnosis of laryngo-pharyngeal reflux (LPR) versus oesophageal pH metry.

Results
The increase in age, laryngoscopic abnormality, and pH metry; had an independent effect on increasing salivary Pepsin; with significant statistical difference (p &lt; 0.05 respectively). The increase in laryngoscopic abnormality; had an independent effect on increasing pH metry (% Time pH &lt; 4); with significant statistical difference (p = 0.00002). The increase in pH metry (% Time pH &lt; 4); had an independent effect on increasing the probability of LPR occurrence; with significant statistical difference (p &lt; 0.005). Salivary Pepsin at a cutoff point (&gt;5) predicted patients with LPR, with fair (77.9%) accuracy, sensitivity= 100% and specificity= 56% (p = 0.0001). PH metry (% Time pH &lt; 4) at a cutoff point (&gt;14) predicted patients with LPR, with good (87%) accuracy, sensitivity= 80% and specificity= 100% (p &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusion
In this study we have shown that pepsin in saliva of patients with LPR is significantly higher than normal individuals, this may help as a diagnostic tool without using invasive methods for diagnosis of LPR.
Clinicopathological and Prognostic Value of Plasma CD24 Level in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Awad Emad , Safwat Eslam , Rasmy Hany Samir , Samy Amal 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common form of cancer worldwide and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. HCC often occurs in the background of a cirrhotic liver. there is an increased incidence of HCC due to the rise of Hepatitis B Virus, HCV infections and chronic alcohol use. Western’s HCC usually developed in cirrhotic liver while over 50% of Asian countries developed in noncirrhotic liver. More recent studies suggest metabolic syndrome, such as type II diabetes and obesity, is an additional risk factor for development of HCC.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this work is to determine the clinicopathological and prognostic value of plasma CD24 Level in hepatocellular carcinoma to help in choose best treatment, recurrence rate and metastasis.

Patients and Methods
This case control study was carried out in Ain Shams University on 60 patients divided into two groups, Group (A) that included 20 patients liver cirrhosis without hepatocellular carcinoma and Group (B) that included 40 patients liver cirrhosis with HCC.

Results
The current study demonstrated that CD24 protein expression was detectable in plasma of HCC patients and the controls, and plasma CD24 level was significantly higher in HCC patients over the controls. Furthermore, plasma CD24 level was associated with tumor differentiation however, it wasnot correlated with other clinic- pathologic parameters including gender, age, tumor size, tumor number, capsulation status, TNM stage, HBsAg status, ALT, AFP and GGT level. The present study showed that plasma CD24 level is higher in HCC patients and it is a valuable biomarker for prognosis of HCC patients. Therefore, CD24 might be used as a potential biomarker for evaluation of postoperative survival.

Conclusion
It is concluded that plasma CD24 level is higher in HCC patients and it is a valuable biomarker for prognosis of HCC patients. Therefore, CD24 might be used as a potential biomarker for evaluation of postoperative survival of HCC patients.
High Flux versus Hemodiafiltration in Removal of Indoxyl Sulphate
Authors: Sarhan Iman Ibrahim , Gharib Mohamed Sary , el samea Marwa Shaban Abd , Mahmoud Amira Mohamed , Hassan Mohamed Saeed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
protein-bound compounds such as the p-cresol conjugates p-cresyl sulphate (p-CS) and Indoxyl sulphate (IS) have attracted most interest in recent years due to their poor clearance by conventional dialysis and their potential toxicity.

Aim of the Study
To compare removal of indoxyl sulphate toxin during single session between low flux, high flux hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration.

Methods
Cross sectional study was concluded upon 60 randomly selected ESRD patients on regular hemodialysis from nephrology Department in Ain Shams University Hospitals. Serum indoxyl sulphate was measured (pre dialysis and post dialysis) using low flux, high flux hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration.

Results
60 test subjects were randomly selected had mean age 43.95 (±11.91 years) in low flux HD group, 48.35 (±13.25 years) in high flux HD group and 45.10 (±18.56 years) in HDF group, were males 66.67 % (n = 40) and females 33.33% (n = 20). The mean indoxyl sulphate reduction ratio using low flux filter was 13.5% (±9.52), using high flux 19.7% (±14.31) and in hemodiafiltration 24.2% (±10.73). There was a statistically significant difference between low flux HD group and HDF group as regard indoxyl sulphate reduction ratio (P value 0.015). There was no statistically significant difference between high flux HD group and HDF group as regard indoxyl sulphate reduction ratio.

Conclusion
Removal of indoxyl sulphate by hemodiafiltration is higher than hemodialysis using low flux membrane and there is no difference between hemodiafiltration and high flux hemodialysis.
Serum Clusterin Level as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Mohammed Hatem Abdellatif , Mohammed Eslam Safwat , Rasmy Hany Samir , Ahmed Aml Salah Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third deadliest and fifth most common cancer worldwide, despite the widespread use of surveillance programs in at risk populations, more than half of HCC cases are diagnosed late, and curative therapies such as surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or TACE are possible in less than 30% of patients.

Objective
To assess the diagnostic and prognostic role of detection of serum Clusterin as a biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma among the Egyptian patients before and after interventional treatment.

Patients and Methods
This study has been carried out in the department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology in Ain Shams University Hospitals and Hepatology department in Manshiyet El Bakry General Hospital in the period between July to December 2020.

Results
There was significant positive correlation between Clusterin and the mRecist score with pvalue (&lt;0.001) where it increases with advancing in stages.

Conclusion
AFP is significantly elevated in HCC groups than in cirrhotic (control) and with better sensitivity and specificity than Clusterin. Clusterin has significant positive correlation with Mrecist score of HCC patients which means it acts better as a prognostic tool for following HCC patients. Patients who had recurrence in both HCC groups (RF and TACE) showed less decrease in Clusterine level than those with non-recurrence among both groups. Serum clusterin level was significantly higher among patients with progressive disease (PD) than those with partial response (PR) than those with complete response (CR). Also follow up serum clusterin level after intervention was statistically significant higher among patients with progressive disease (PD) than those with partial response (PR) than those with complete response (CR).
Prevalence of Selective Immunoglobulin A Deficiency in Egyptian Asthmatic Patients
Authors: Sayed Amr Y EL , Ali Fawzia H Abo , Mahmoud Nehal E , Fouad Shaimaa H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Asthma is the most common chronic illness in childhood and a major cause of morbidity in adults, affecting 9.6-13% of children, 7.7-10.1% of adults in the US, and 300 million people globally.

Aim of the Work
to assess prevalence of selective immunoglobulin A (sIgA) deficiency in Egyptian Asthmatic patients.

Patients and Methods
This case control study conducted on patients 60 with bronchial asthma according to GINA2011 attending allergy and clinical immunology outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University hospital. They were divided into three groups: the first group includes 20 Asthmatic patients with recurrent chest infections. The second group includes 20 Asthmatic patients without recurrent chest infections and the third group includes 20 healthy controls. All participants were subjected to the following: full history, full clinical examination in addition to the following investigations, complete blood count (CBC) with differential, spirometery, chest X-ray, serum IgG, serum Ig A, serum Ig E, serum IgM and CRP.

Conclusions
Asthma is one of the most common diseases in the world that can be triggered with SIgAD. Asthmatic patient is more prone to the risk of infections. It may be due to impaired innate and adaptive immune system that predisposes individuals to microbial infections or may be related to the presence of one type of primary immune deficiency such as; SIgAD.
Effectiveness of Muscle Stretching Exercise on Quality of Life of Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Sarhan Iman Ibrahim , Shawky Sahar Mahmoud , El-deeb Manal Mohamed , Teama Nahla Mohamed , Salah Azza Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease affecting both kidneys in which progressive irreversible destruction of the renal tissues occurs. This leads to alteration of the metabolic function of the kidneys due to destruction of the nephrons. Kidney dysfunction is considered to occur when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) falls below 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, for longer than three months.

Aim of the Work
To determine the effectiveness of structured muscles stretching exercise program on Quality of Life among patients undergoing haemodialysis

Methodology
We recruited 60 patients with hemodialysis from dialysis unit within Misr University for science and technology (MUST), faculty of medicine. Patients with mean age between 30 and 60 years old undergoing hemodialysis for at least 6 months in a regular form for at least 2 times a week were included. Patients with a history of orthopedic or psychological problems were excluded. Patients who were critically ill or have a prior history of dopamine receptor antagonist, benzodiazepines, opioids, anticonvulsants were also excluded. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrollment into the study. All methods correspond to the STROBE statement for cross sectional study.

Results
In our study, we applied the regular exercises programs for 6 months after each session and then administrated the KDQOL questionnaire again after completion of the exercises. We found that there was a slight increase in the quality of life with all domains. This increase was more evident especially in BKD domain in which the median increased from 0 (0 – 12.5) to 6.25 (0 – 12.5), and PCS in which the mean increased from 6.25 ± 5.8 to 8.13 ± 5.1 post exercise. However, none of those changes was statistically significant (p = 0.236, p = 0.510) respectively.

Conclusion
End stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a chronic disease that forms a great burden on the societies and governments. Regular monitoring and follow up of those patients and trying to improve their quality of life is extremely important. Regular physical exercises are considered the most useful nonpharmacological alternative that helps improves their QOL and prevents the dialysis induced complications as impaired muscle catabolism and sensation of chronic fatigue.
Anti-IFI16 Antibodies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Their Variation with Infliximab Therapy in Comparison to Other Modalities of Treatment
Authors: Awad Emad Ahmed , Mohamed Wessam Ahmed Ibrahim , George Tari Magdy Aziz , Elshennawy Ebtesam Alaa Mohamed Awad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Amatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are remittent or progressive conditions that may affect the entire gastrointestinal tract and the colonic mucosa and are associated with an increased risk for colon cancer. Patients with mucosal lesions may not have clinical symptoms, or only present with mild symptoms. Objective measurements are required to assess and monitor IBD disease activity. Moreover responses to treatments must be closely monitored to determine effectiveness and avoid disease complications.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to assess the utility of IFI16 antibodies as a predictor of infliximab-induced remission in IBD patients in comparison to other modalities of treatment.

Patients and Methods
A Comparative cross sectional study in internal medicine and gastroenterology outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University Hospital. With 60 IBD patients are included in this study divided into three groups.

Results
Patients with low levels of IgG antibodies against IFI16 at baseline had a higher probability of a clinical response or remission at the end of induction therapy with IFX (OR 1/4 0.143; 95% CI 0.027–0.761). The only statistically significant association found in patients with UC was that between anti-IFI16 IgG and extensive colitis (E3) (OR 1/4 7.255; 95% CI 2.452–21.463; P 1/4 0.0001) (data not shown).

Conclusion
Overall, the findings presented in this study deserve more investigation to verify the possibility of exploiting a patient’s reac- tivity against the IFI16 autoantigen as a predictive marker of response to IFX therapy. Anti-IFI16 IgG titers may be of great clinical relevance and provide guidance when tailoring therapeutic choices to individual patients.
Prevalence of Latex Sensitization among a Sample of Healthcare Workers at a Tertiary Hospital in Cairo 2020
Authors: kader Fatema Elzahraa Abd El , Sheha Dina Sayed , Mostafa Nayera Samy , Elkady Hossam Moustafa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Rubber (polyisoprene) is a vital natural resource that is used in the synthesis of a wide variety of commercial products ranging from airplane tires to protective medical gloves. Ninety-nine percent of natural rubber comes from one source: the sap-like fluid (latex) from the commercial rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis (Hev b), found in Africa and Southeast Asia, Hundreds of allergens have been identified from natural rubber latex (NRL) and almost 15 official ones given numbers (Hev b1 to Hev b15) and Latex allergy is a well-known problem among healthcare workers (HCWs) (clinicians, nurses, dentists, laboratory worker, emergency medical technicians and patient transporters) while utilizing gloves or inhaling aerosolized particles.

Patients and Methods
To identify the prevalence of latex allergy among tertiary hospital HCWs as Ain shams university hospital. 45 nurses participated in our study after applying exclusion criteria (use of beta-blockers, pregnancy or breast feeding). They were subjected to completion of Questionnaire then underwent skin prick test (SPT).

Results
The prevalence of latex allergy was 22 % among HCWs; several factors are associated with symptoms of latex allergy including female gender, history of atopy. The most common allergic symptoms reported were skin allergy and the second most common symptoms were symptoms of allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis followed by symptoms of bronchial asthma and systemic reactions.

Conclusion
The prevalence of latex allergy in HCWs at Ain Shams University Hospitals is high, and represents a serious occupational disease. It is important to strive for a latex-free working environment for HCWs, it is important to increase awareness of the sensitizing and disease-causing effect of latex gloves in HCWs. Powdered latex gloves can be a hazard not only to the wearer but also to other people in the workstation. In an ideal situation latex-free gloves should be used, especially in highexposure areas.