bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate Classification of Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wang Yifan , Jia Hao , Song Jiangping 
Published: September 2023

Abstractt
Purpose of Review
This article aims to review the accurate classification of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, including the methods, basis, subtype characteristics, and prognosis, especially the similarities and differences between different classifications.

Recent Findings
Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy refers to a myocardial disease that excludes coronary artery disease or ischemic injury and has a variety of etiologies and high incidence. Recent studies suggest that traditional classification methods based on primary/mixed/acquired or genetic/non-genetic cannot meet the precise needs of contemporary clinical management. This article systematically describes the history of classifications of cardiomyopathy and presents etiological and genetic differences between cardiomyopathies. The accurate classification is described from the perspective of morphology, function, and genomics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, left ventricular noncompaction, and partially acquired cardiomyopathy. The different clinical characteristics and treatment needs of these cardiomyopathies are elaborated. Some single-gene mutant cardiomyopathies have unique phenotypes, and some cardiomyopathies have mixed phenotypes. These special classifications require personalized precision treatment, which is worthy of independent research.

Summary
This article describes recent advances in the accurate classification of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy from clinical phenotypes and causative genes, discusses the advantages and usage scenarios of each classification, compares the differences in prognosis and patient management needs of different subtypes, and summarizes common methods and new exploration directions for accurate classification.
Sleep in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: Current Findings, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: O’Hora Kathleen P. , Schleifer Charles H. , Bearden Carrie E. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To summarize current literature available on sleep in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS; Velocardiofacial or DiGeorge Syndrome), a neurogenetic disorder caused by a hemizygous deletion in a genomic region critical for neurodevelopment. Due to the greatly increased risk of developmental psychiatric disorders (e.g., autism and schizophrenia) in 22q11.2DS, this review focuses on clinical correlates of sleep disturbances and potential neurobiological underpinnings of these relationships.

Recent Findings
Sleep disturbances are widely prevalent in 22q11.2DS and are associated with worse behavioral, psychiatric, and physical health outcomes. There are reports of sleep architecture and sleep neurophysiology differences, but the literature is limited by logistical challenges posed by objective sleep measures, resulting in small study samples to date.

Summary
Sleep disturbances in 22q11.2DS are prevalent and have a substantial impact on well-being. Further investigation of sleep in 22q11.2DS utilizing multimodal sleep assessments has the potential to provide new insight into neurobiological mechanisms and a potential trans-diagnostic treatment target in 22q11.2DS.
Do Nanoparticles of Calcium Disodium EDTA Minimize the Toxic Effects of Cadmium in Female Rats?
Authors: Saleh Safa M. , El-Tawil Osama S. , Mahmoud Manal B. , Abd El-Rahman Sahar S. , El-Saied Eiman M. , Noshy Peter A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe present study aims to investigate the ability of CaNa2EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) macroparticles and nanoparticles to treat cadmium-induced toxicity in female rats and to compare their efficacies. Forty rats were divided into 4 equal groups: control, cadmium, cadmium + CaNa2EDTA macroparticles and Cd + CaNa2EDTA nanoparticles. Cadmium was added to the drinking water in a concentration of 30 ppm for 10 weeks. CaNa2EDTA macroparticles and nanoparticles (50 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected during the last 4 weeks of the exposure period. Every two weeks, blood and urine samples were collected for determination of urea, creatinine, metallothionein and cadmium concentrations. At the end of the experiment, the skeleton of rats was examined by X-ray and tissue samples from the kidney and femur bone were collected and subjected to histopathological examination. Exposure to cadmium increased the concentrations of urea and creatinine in the serum and the concentrations of metallothionein and cadmium in serum and urine of rats. A decrease in bone mineralization by X-ray examination in addition to various histopathological alterations in the kidney and femur bone of Cd-intoxicated rats were also observed. Treatment with both CaNa2EDTA macroparticles and nanoparticles ameliorated the toxic effects induced by cadmium on the kidney and bone. However, CaNa2EDTA nanoparticles showed a superior efficacy compared to the macroparticles and therefore can be used as an effective chelating antidote for treatment of cadmium toxicity.
Petrography and Geochemistry of Sullavai Sandstones of Kanpa-Tempa, Chandrapur District, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Murkute Y. A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The data on petrography and geochemical behaviour of Neoproterozoic siliciclastic sandstones of Kanpa-Tempa area from Chandrapur District are presented here to determine the provenance, source rock weathering and tectonic setting. The major elemental composition reveals that the Neoproterozoic sandstones are mainly as litharenite. The interrelationship of Zr vs. TiO2, Y/ Ni vs. Cr/V, TiO2 vs. Al2O3, high LREE/HREE ratios (8.97 to 12.46) and negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*= 0.52 to 0.79) suggest that the sandstones were mainly derived from the parent felsic igneous rocks. The higher values of paleo-weathering indices such as Plagioclase Index of Alteration (PIA), grading from 66.42 to 80.82 and Chemical Index of Weathering (CIW), ranging from 70.58 to 82.39 clearly point out that the sediments and their source rocks experienced moderate to intense weathering. The Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) values (ranging from 62.79 to 76.16) coupled with average content of K2O (1.66) is indicative of K-addition during diagenetic processes. Similarly lower values of K2O/Na2O ratio (0.52) suggest limited chemical maturity and SiO2-K2O/Na2O discrimination plot exhibits the active continental marginal tectonic settings.
Archaeometallurgy of Iron in and around Manpur, Salumber-Manpur-Ghatol Sector, Udaipur District, Rajasthan
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Chander Suresh , Bhattacharjee Santanu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Palaeoproterozoic Aravalli Fold Belt and Mesoproterozoic Delhi Fold Belt, altogether make the Aravalli mountain range (AMR), which extends from Delhi in the north to Jhabua district of Madhya Pradesh in the south, thus, it divides the state territory of Rajasthan into two distinctive regions-Thar Desert in the west and Vindhyan Plateau in the east. The AMR not only provided shelter to early human beings but also its valuable minerals gave them the opportunity to enhance their mining and metallurgical skills, which paved the path for the development of metal-based cultures in and around the AMR. More than one hundred and forty metallurgical sites alongwith old workings have been spotted so far, in the different mineralized zones of AMR. The study area of Salumber-Manpur-Ghatol sector in Udaipur district of Rajasthan, bears the similar features of ancient mining and metallurgical activities, especially for iron, the most common metal in pre-medieval. Occurrence of ferruginous capping, deep underground ancient workings with vertical opening and presence of slag heaps with tuyères and cylindrical blast furnaces indicate ancient mining activity in the area. The presence of tuyères, considered as a part of the bellows system, indicates that metallurgical activities took place in the medieval period. It is an endeavour to record the traditional scientific knowledge, acquired by early people in the field of mining and metallurgy, on the basis of irrefutable evidence, yielded in the form of old workings and slag in the study area.
Geochemical Survey: A Tool for Subsurface Geological Mapping in Alluvial Terrain
Authors: Sarkar Amrita , Dubey Jyoti , Bagchi Joyesh , Kumar Gautam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The regional geochemical mapping was carried out in the Indo-Gangetic alluvial plain of the Western and Central India which was previously classified as Varanasi alluvium, a polycyclic sequence of large alluvial fans transported by perennial Himalayan Rivers. The results based on the geochemical dispersion pattern of major and minor oxides as well as trace elements conclude that there are four major factors determining the dispersion patterns of the variables which are: (1) the underlying lithology with a strike of NE-SW, (2) transport of sediments along the general slope of the study area towards south and south-west as reflected in the Digital Elevation Model, (3) formation of Reh and (4) anthro-pogenic influence. The present study focusing on the effect of the underlying geology on the geochemical signature of the study area infers that the geochemical distribution pattern of certain variables clearly follows the trend of the Delhi fold belt. It can be interpreted that the subsurface lithology belonging to Delhi Supergroup is present at a depth of 500m which is considerably shallower, imprinting its geochemical signature on the sediments. The presence of minor outcrops of quartzite belonging to the Delhi Supergroup with the NE-SW strike is also documented in the study area. Based on this study we propose to reclassify the Varanasi Alluvium sediments as equivalent to Banda Alluvium. The study also demonstrates the utility of geochemical mapping as a tool to map the subsurface geology of an alluvial terrain. The results of this study are also corroborated by the regional scale gravity survey.
Geochemical and Sedimentological Signatures of Ariyankuppam and Chunnambar Estuarine Sediments, Pondicherry, India: Implications on Weathering and Provenance
Authors: Kirubakaran N. , Sridharan M. , Nathan D. Senthil , Rajamanickam M. , Harikrishnan S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Thirty surface sediment samples collected from Ariyankuppam (N = 12) and Chunnambar estuaries (N = 18) located along the coast of Pondicherry, India, are analyzed to understand the nature of weathering and provenance. The granulometric study reveals that sediments are poorly sorted, positively skewed and platykurtic to leptokurtic in nature. The abundance and inverse relationship of SiO2 with other major oxides signify the detention of silica within quartz. The Index of Chemical Variability (ICV) suggests that sediments are compositionally immature and are derived from less weathered source rock. The weathering indices such as the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA); Chemical Index of Weathering (CIW); Plagioclase Index of Alteration (PIA), and A-CN-K diagram also suggest less intense weathering of parent rocks. The major and trace element ratios viz. Al2O3/TiO2, TiO2/Zr, Cr/V and Y/Ni and discrimination diagrams indicate that estuarine sediment is derived from felsic and intermediate provenance.
Stability Criteria for Coarse Sediment in Natural Streams
Authors: Bhat Aamer Majid , Ahanger Manzoor Ahmad , Mohapatra Pranab Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Shields dimensionless shear stress has been widely used in the field of fluvial hydraulics for the stability of mobile bed channels. Some researchers have suggested an alternative, the Movability Number, which includes more hydrodynamic information. This study evaluates the two quantities in the determination of stability for channel beds containing coarse sediment. Data obtained in natural channels from previous studies are analyzed for their stability. Three criteria are obtained from existing formulae: (i) Shields parameter, (ii) settling velocity, and (iii) stream power. Second and third criteria are based on Movability Number. The first two are comparable whereas the third one provides smaller critical sediment size considerably as compared to the first two. The settling velocity criterion based on Movability Number can be thought as the potential replacement of the Shields approach, however further study with larger data set can lead to more breakthroughs.
Investigating the Tectonic and Structural Controls on the Geomorphic Evolution of Shiriya River Basin, Southern India
Authors: Vidya K. M. , Manoharan A. N. , Deepchand V. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Morphotectonic analysis of a river basin using geomorphic indices helps to identify tectonic deformation. The aim of the present work is to determine geomorphic indices from the digital elevation model and to examine the extent to which structural characteristics of the Shiriya River Basin (SRB) have influenced its drainage morphology. GIS techniques are used to calculate geomorphic indices of the SRB. Morphotectonic and geomorphic analyses were carried out, which included evaluating various geomorphic indices. Hypsometric curve and hypsometric integral (0.46) indicate youth stage of the basin, asymmetry factor (43.23) and transverse topographic symmetry factor (0.37) indicate asymmetry of the basin, basin shape index (2.05) depicts the basin as elongated, sinuosity index (1.47) indicate the sinuous nature of the basin, valley floor width to height ratio is 10.21 and stream length gradient index is 113.75. The entire basin is divided into 18 fourth-order sub-basins for detailed analysis of morphotectonics. Relative active tectonic indices are calculated to identify the subbasin that had undergone pronounced structural disturbance. Out of 18 subbasins 13 subbasin belongs to moderate tectonic active category (class-2) and 5 subbasin belongs to active category (class 2). From the morpho structural analysis following results were arrived, all of which point towards significant structural control: Lower-order streams have an orientation in accordance with significant structural elements of the basin, such as foliations and lineations (E-W). Similarly, the alignment of higher-order streams follows the direction of the major lineaments of the basin (NW-SE). Eight waterfalls/cascades are positioned within the basin, all directed in accordance with the lineament (NW-SE), earthquake recorded near the basin, asymmetry of the basin, acute bending of streams, entrenched meanders, changes in the sinuous river path in several locations where lineament intersect the stream and shrinkage of estuary area indicate neotectonics and structural control over the development of drainage system in the SRB. These findings are essential for understanding the development of river drainage and landform evolution.
Enhanced but Indeterminate? How Attention Colors our World
Authors: Lopez Azenet L. , Simsova Eliska 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Attention makes things look brighter and more colorful. In light of these effects, representationalist philosophers propose that attentive experiences represent more determinate color properties than inattentive experiences. Although this claim is appealing, we argue that it does not hold for one of our best conceptualizations of content determinacy, according to which an experience has more determinate contents if it represents a narrower range of values within the relevant dimension. We argue that our current empirical evidence fails to show that attention has this kind of effect on color perception. We then offer an alternative, representationalist-friendly account of the attentional effects, as changes in vividness.
The Psychometric Properties of the Psychological Work Immersion Scale: An ESEM vs ICM-CFA Approach
Authors: van Zyl Llewellyn E. , Veldsman Dieter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Psychological Work Immersion Scale (PWIS) scale within global organisational contexts. Data were gathered from 19134 working adults in the US, the UK, the Middle East, Africa, and Australia. To determine the best-fitting factorial model, a series of traditional ICM-CFA and less restrictive ESEM models were estimated and systematically compared. The results showed that a bifactor ESEM model, with one general factor of overall psychological work immersion and nine specific factors (strategic connection, manager credibility, appreciative feedback, enabling environment, team relations, strength use, employee voice, recognition and rewards, personal development) fitted the data best, was reliable and showed strong measurement invariance across genders and levels of education. The results show that psychological work immersion is a multidimensional construct that is both a function of yet separate from a dynamic interaction between the nine performance-enhancing conditions or enablers. Therefore, The PWIS can be used to measure psychological work immersion validly and reliably and could be used to make meaningful latent mean comparisons between genders and different levels of education.
Exploring temporal community evolution: algorithmic approaches and parallel optimization for dynamic community detection
Authors: Sattar Naw Safrin , Buluc Aydin , Ibrahim Khaled Z. , Arifuzzaman Shaikh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDynamic (temporal) graphs are a convenient mathematical abstraction for many practical complex systems including social contacts, business transactions, and computer communications. Community discovery is an extensively used graph analysis kernel with rich literature for static graphs. However, community discovery in a dynamic setting is challenging for two specific reasons. Firstly, the notion of temporal community lacks a widely accepted formalization, and only limited work exists on understanding how communities emerge over time. Secondly, the added temporal dimension along with the sheer size of modern graph data necessitates new scalable algorithms. In this paper, we investigate how communities evolve over time based on several graph metrics under a temporal formalization. We compare six different algorithmic approaches for dynamic community detection for their quality and runtime. We identify that a vertex-centric (local) optimization method works as efficiently as the classical modularity-based methods. To its advantage, such local computation allows for the efficient design of parallel algorithms without incurring a significant parallel overhead. Based on this insight, we design a shared-memory parallel algorithmDyComPar, which demonstrates between 4 and 18 fold speed-up on a multi-core machine with 20 threads, for several real-world and synthetic graphs from different domains.
Rethinking curriculum implementation in time of COVID-19 and beyond: lessons learnt from rural science teachers
Authors: Doh Nubia W. , Blignaut Sylvan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the way teaching and learning is carried out in South African schools. Policy decisions to curb the spread of the virus were superficially conceived as a health problem as opposed to an understanding of the interconnectedness of education in society. For teaching and learning to continue, schools were compelled to either rotate their learners or embrace remote teaching. Irrespective of the numerous curriculum reforms, curriculum implementation in South Africa has been in a moribund state with little attention given to rural science teachers. In this article, we explore how science teachers in rural areas implemented the curriculum during the COVID-19 pandemic and what lessons could be learnt from their experience to foster the curriculum implementation discussion in South Africa. We used a qualitative research approach and phenomenology as our research methodology. Nine rural science teachers were purposively selected for a semi-structured interview. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyse the data. Our findings revealed that the government’s response to the pandemic appeared to have overlooked already existing fundamental problems associated with curriculum implementation in rural areas. We learnt in this study that curriculum implementation is narrowly conceived as a classroom pedagogic exercise. As an implication, there is a need for curriculum implementation reforms in South Africa, one that would consider contextual curriculum theorising and the experiences of rural science teachers.
Natural Language Processing to Classify Caregiver Strategies Supporting Participation Among Children and Youth with Craniofacial Microsomia and Other Childhood-Onset Disabilities
Authors: Kaelin Vera C. , Boyd Andrew D. , Werler Martha M. , Parde Natalie , Khetani Mary A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCustomizing participation-focused pediatric rehabilitation interventions is an important but also complex and potentially resource intensive process, which may benefit from automated and simplified steps. This research aimed at applying natural language processing to develop and identify a best performing predictive model that classifies caregiver strategies into participation-related constructs, while filtering out non-strategies. We created a dataset including 1,576 caregiver strategies obtained from 236 families of children and youth (11–17 years) with craniofacial microsomia or other childhood-onset disabilities. These strategies were annotated to four participation-related constructs and a non-strategy class. We experimented with manually created features (i.e., speech and dependency tags, predefined likely sets of words, dense lexicon features (i.e., Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) concepts)) and three classical methods (i.e., logistic regression, naïve Bayes, support vector machines (SVM)). We tested a series of binary and multinomial classification tasks applying 10-fold cross-validation on the training set (80%) to test the best performing model on the held-out test set (20%). SVM using term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) was the best performing model for all four classification tasks, with accuracy ranging from 78.10 to 94.92% and a macro-averaged F1-score ranging from 0.58 to 0.83. Manually created features only increased model performance when filtering out non-strategies. Results suggest pipelined classification tasks (i.e., filtering out non-strategies; classification into intrinsic and extrinsic strategies; classification into participation-related constructs) for implementation into participation-focused pediatric rehabilitation interventions like Participation and Environment Measure Plus (PEM+) among caregivers who complete the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY).
A hybrid technique based on Lucas polynomials for solving fractional diffusion partial differential equation
Authors: Kawala A. M. , Abdelaziz H. K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a new numerical technique to approximate solutions of diffusion partial differential equations with Caputo fractional derivatives. We use a spectral collocation method based on Lucas polynomials for time fractional derivatives and a finite difference scheme in space. Stability and error analyses of the proposed technique are established. To demonstrate the reliability and efficiency of our new technique, we applied the method to a number of examples. The new technique is simply applicable, and the results show high efficiency in calculation and approximation precision.