bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remeshing and data transfer in the finite cell method for problems with large deformations
Authors: Sartorti Roman , Düster Alexander 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe simulation of complex structures using standard finite element discretization techniques can be challenging because the creation of the boundary conforming meshes for such structures can be time‐consuming. Therefore, fictitious domain methods are attractive alternatives because the underlying mesh does not have to conform to the boundary. One fictitious domain method is the finite cell method where a structured non‐geometry conforming Cartesian grid is created and the geometry is then described by a simple indicator function. When solving non‐linear problems, for example, if large deformations are taken into account, broken cells are typically heavily distorted and may lead to failure of the overall solution procedure. To tackle this issue remeshing is applied to proceed with the simulation. In previous publications, radial basis functions (RBFs) were applied to map the deformation gradient between the different meshes. However, it is not clear whether this is the best way to transfer data during the remeshing procedure. Therefore, we investigate whether there are alternative methods that can be used instead. This is then compared to the RBF interpolation and applied to different numerical examples with hyperelastic materials.
The impact of binding energies on the necessary conditions in aerosol deposition
Authors: Daneshian Bahman , Gärtner Frank , Weber Wolfgang E. , Assadi Hamid , Klassen Thomas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAerosol deposition (AD) enables the formation of dense ceramic coatings by high velocity impact of submicron‐sized particles. However, up to now, it is still not clear how the material properties of the ceramic powder particles influence their impact behavior and possible success in layer build‐up in AD. Therefore, in order to provide a broader understanding, this study utilizes molecular dynamic (MD) simulations to investigate the impacts of single‐crystalline particles while manipulating binding energies, particle sizes, and impact velocities, addressing a rather wide range of different materials and process conditions. The findings reveal that increasing binding energies from 0.22 to 0.96 eV necessitates up to three times higher velocities to reach thresholds for bonding and fragmentation, which are linked to potential layer formation. For conditions above the velocity thresholds given by individual binding energies, similarities in the deformation and fragmentation patterns are derived. Consequently, rough estimations regarding the required particle impact velocities for AD of different materials can be inferred.
Visual outcomes after bevacizumab‐based therapy for optic pathway glioma
Authors: Siegel Benjamin I. , Nelson Daniel , Peragallo Jason H. , MacDonald Tobey J. , Wolf David S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn optic pathway glioma (OPG), bevacizumab‐based therapy (BBT) has promising effects on radiographic tumor burden, but the impact on vision is less clear. This single‐institution study characterized visual acuity (VA) and visual field (VF) outcomes in 17 pediatric OPG patients treated with BBT. VA was stable or improved in 14 patients. Nine patients had evaluable VF data, six of whom experienced stability or improvement. Among six patients with vision deterioration as a treatment indication, stable or improved was observed for both VA and VF in five patients. In summary, BBT was associated with favorable visual outcomes in this cohort of patients with OPG.
Two unrelated fetuses with ITPR1 missense variants and fetal hydrops
Authors: Harris Sarah , Putra Manesha , Gilmore Kelly L. , Vora Neeta L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe describe two fetuses from unrelated families with likely pathogenic variants in ITPR1 that presented with nonimmune fetal hydrops. Trio exome sequencing revealed a de novo heterozygous likely pathogenic missense variant c.7636G > A (p.Val2531Met) in ITPR1 (NM_001378452.1) in proband 1 and a de novo heterozygous likely pathogenic missense variant c.34G > A [p.Gly12Arg] in proband 2. Variants in ITPR1 have been associated with several genetic conditions, including spinocerebellar ataxia 15, spinocerebellar ataxia 29, and Gillespie syndrome. Our report on two patients details a previously undescribed severe fetal presentation of nonimmune hydrops fetalis associated with missense variants in the ITPR1 gene.
Towards a graphene transparent conducting electrode for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells
Authors: O'Sullivan John , Wright Matthew , Niu Xinya , Miller Poppy , Wilshaw Peter R. , Bonilla Ruy S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIndium‐based transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) are a major limiting factor in perovskite/silicon tandem cell scalability, while also limiting maximum cell efficiencies. In this work, we propose a novel TCE based on electrostatically doped graphene monolayers to circumvent these challenges. The electrode is enabled by a thin film dielectric that is charged and interfaced to a graphene film, optimally exploiting electrostatic doping. The field effect mechanism allows the modulation of charge carriers in monolayer graphene as a function of charge concentration in the dielectric thin film. Electrostatic charge was deposited on SiO2 membranes, and graphene transferred onto them exhibited a reduction in sheet resistance because of the induced charge carriers. We show a reduction in sheet resistance of graphene by 60% in just 3 min of dielectric charging, without impacting the transmission of light through the film stack. Hall effect measurements indicated that the mobility of the films was not significantly degraded. The deposition of negative electrostatic charge reversed this effect, allowing for precise tunability of charge concentration from n‐ to p‐type. We develop a model to determine the required sheet resistance of a graphene TCE with 97% transmittance in a perovskite/silicon tandem cell. As the technique here reported does not impact transmittance, a graphene TCE with a sheet resistance below 50 Ω/□ could enable efficiencies up to 44%, presenting a promising alternative to indium‐based TCEs.
Exploring the utility of community‐based participatory research to investigate mindfulness‐based interventions in schools
Authors: Mathur Grunewald Nikki , Foley‐Nicpon Megan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMindfulness‐based programs have become popular, empirically supported treatment modalities for increasing positive psychological outcomes for children and adolescents, with an overall effect size of 0.4. We argue for implementing community‐based participatory research (CBPR) methodology to investigate the specific effects of mindfulness‐based intervention (MBI) programs within schools. While interest in MBIs in schools has resulted in their increased application, research based on CBPR methodology can fill several gaps in the existing literature by collaborating with school personnel and viewing teachers, students, and staff members as equal research partners. A CBPR approach could help recognize individual differences and contextual factors that often inhibit MBI success, as well as address implementation issues, interventionist factors, and fill the science‐to‐practice gap. We end by providing practical information to help translate CBPR approaches into the school setting.
“At Some Point We're Going to Reach Our Limit”: Understanding COVID‐19's impact on teacher burnout and subjective mental health
Authors: Marshall David T. , Smith Natalie E. , Love Savanna M. , Neugebauer Natalie M. , Shannon David M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTeachers have faced a variety of challenges since the onset of COVID‐19 in the spring of 2020, including increased workloads, a range of modalities, and COVID‐19 protocols. The challenges associated with teaching during the COVID‐19 pandemic have led to increased burnout and stress, as well as diminished well‐being and mental health in teachers. This study seeks to explore teacher burnout and subjective mental health from the start of the pandemic to the end of the 2020–21 school year. To better understand teachers' experiences during this time, we conducted a nationwide survey (n = 302) with teachers between May and June 2021, as well as four focus groups and four one‐on‐one interviews in the fall of 2021. Results suggest that teachers' subjective mental health, morale, and work‐life balance have significantly declined since the beginning of the pandemic. Teachers reported feeling anxious and burned out from teaching due to greater workloads and decreased support from administrators and parents. We conclude by discussing the implications of teacher subjective mental health and burnout and offer suggestions for better supporting teachers, practitioners, and their mental well‐being.
Registration of HA‐R20 and HA‐R21 confection sunflower germplasms resistant to rust and downy mildew
Authors: Ma G. J. , Li X. H. , Seiler G. J. , Qi L. L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRust and downy mildew (DM) are detrimental diseases in global sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) production. Disease often results in yield loss and reduced seed quality. Host resistance to DM and rust is mediated by single dominant genes in sunflower. To better utilize genetic resistance, gene pyramiding is a common practice in crop breeding to extend the durability and longevity of resistance. Two confection sunflower germplasm lines, HA‐R20 (Reg. no. GP‐387, PI 702361) and HA‐R21 (Reg. no. GP‐388, PI 702362), were developed using the pedigree breeding method and DNA marker‐assisted selection and released by the USDA‐ARS Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit in collaboration with the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station in September 2022. HA‐R20 is an F3‐derived F4 confection restorer selection from the cross of HA‐DM2 and HA‐R8, carrying rust resistance genes R12 and R15 and DM resistance gene PlArg. HA‐R21 is an F3‐derived F4 confection maintainer selection from the cross of HA‐DM3 and HA‐R8, carrying rust resistance genes R13a and R15 and DM resistance gene Pl17. Disease reaction and marker testing for DM and rust confirmed that both germplasms harbor DM and rust R genes in the homozygous condition and are resistant to all DM and rust races identified in North America to date. These multiple disease‐resistant lines will provide the sunflower industry with durable disease‐resistant sources for the continued improvement of the crop.
Temporal and species‐specific resistance of sugar beet to green peach aphid and black bean aphid: mechanisms and implications for breeding
Authors: Zhu Yunsheng , Stahl Andreas , Rostás Michael , Will Torsten 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSugar beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris), a key crop for sugar production, faces significant yield losses caused by the black bean aphid Aphis fabae (Scop.) and the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer), which also transmits viruses. The restriction on neonicotinoid usage in Europe has intensified this problem, emphasizing the urgent need for breeding resistant crop varieties. This study evaluated 26 sugar beet germplasms for resistance against both aphid species by using performance and feeding behavior assays. Additionally, whole plant bioassays and semi‐field experiments were carried out with Myzus persicae.RESULTSOur findings demonstrate the presence of temporal resistance against both aphid species in the primary sugar beet gene pool. Beet yellows virus (BYV) carrying aphids showed enhanced performance. Different levels of plant defense mechanisms were involved including resistance against Myzus persicae before reaching the phloem, particularly in sugar beet line G3. In contrast, resistance against Aphis fabae turned out to be predominately phloem‐located. Furthermore, a high incidence of black inclusion bodies inside the stomach of Myzus persicae was observed for approximately 85% of the plant genotypes tested, indicating a general and strong incompatibility between sugar beet and Myzus persicae in an initial phase of interaction.CONCLUSIONSugar beet resistance against aphids involved different mechanisms and is species‐specific. The identification of these mechanisms and interactions represents a crucial milestone in advancing the breeding of sugar beet varieties with improved resistance. © 2023 Julius Kühn‐Institut and The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Uracil hydrazones: design, synthesis, antimicrobial activities, and putative mode of action
Authors: Zhou Huan , Li Qing X , Zeng Lei , Cao Congwang , Zhang Tuotuo , Zhou Yuan , He Hongwu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCrop diseases caused by plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria have led to substantial losses in global food production. Chemical pesticides have been widely used as a primary means to mitigate these issues. Nevertheless, the persistent and excessive use of pesticides has resulted in the emergence of microbial resistance. Moreover, the improper application and excessive utilization of pesticides can contribute to environmental pollution and the persistence of pesticide residues. Consequently, the development of novel and highly effective bactericides and fungicides to combat plant pathogens holds immense practical importance.RESULTSA series of uracil hydrazones IV‐B was deliberately designed and evaluated for their antimicrobial efficacy. The results of bioassays indicated that most IV‐B exhibited >80% inhibition against the fungal species Monilia fructigena and Sclerotium rolfsii, as well as the bacterial species Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, and Ralstonia solanacearum, at 50 μg/mL in vitro. In vivo, IV‐B20 showed 89.9% of curative and 71.8% of protective activities against C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis at 100 μg/mL superior to thiodiazole copper and copper hydroxide. IV‐B20 also showed excellent protective activity against M. fructigena (96.3% at 200 μg/mL) and S. rolfsii (80.4% at 1000 μg/mL), which were greater than chlorothalonil and equivalent to thifluzamide. Mechanistic studies revealed that IV‐B20 induced oxidative damage in pathogenic bacteria and promoted the leakage of cellular contents.CONCLUSIONThis study suggests that IV‐B20 with uracil hydrazone skeleton has great potential as an antimicrobial candidate. These findings lay a foundation for practical application in agriculture. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy using hugo RAS system: The pioneer experience in Taiwan and Northeast Asia
Authors: Ou Yen‐Chuan , Ou Hsien‐Che , Juan Yung‐Shun , Narasimhan Ragavan , Mottrie Alex , Weng Wei‐Chun , Huang Li‐Hua , Lin Yi‐Sheng , Hsu Chao‐Yu , Yang Che‐Hsueh , Tung Min‐Che 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmong the novel robotic platforms, the Hugo RAS system is the second most studied platform, next to the da Vinci system, and we aim to address our experiences in radical prostatectomy (RP) with the Hugo RAS system.MethodsWe recorded our first 12 cases of prostate cancer undergoing RP with the Hugo RAS system. The median console time was 145 min and median hospital stay was 7 days. Hedge’ g was applied to search for the cut‐off case in four parameters in surgeries.ResultsPre‐console preparation was significantly improved after the first seven cases, and the console time was remarkably shortened after the first two cases. The intraoperative pause for trouble shooting was remarkably shortened after the first three cases.ConclusionsWe found that RP with the Hugo RAS system was feasible, and the learning curve was short as surgeons may benefit from the previous experience with the da Vinci system.
Assessing the effects of non‐stationarity on reservoir yield estimations: A case study of the Southern Okavango Integrated Water Development system in Botswana
Authors: Mazvimavi Dominic , Kapangaziwiri Evison , Gumbo Anesu Dion 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStreamflow data used for water resources planning should ideally be stationary, and any non‐stationary behaviour is taken into account. However, with limited time series data, the influence of non‐stationarity is often hidden and can result in unreliable estimates. This paper examines the impact of non‐stationarity on the Southern Okavango Integrated Water Development (SOIWD) project that was carried out with streamflow collected between 1969 and 1989 against an extended time series from 1990 to 2019. To achieve this, (a) the statistics of these inflows and (b) the reliability of satisfying water demands from the proposed reservoirs were tested based on the two periods (1969–1989 and 1990–2019). The results show that average monthly flows for July, August and September significantly change when peak outflows from the delta occur. Given the expected variability of the flow regime, an uncertainty approach utilising flow perturbation from ±5% to ±90% was also used to investigate the system's response to changes in the driving flow conditions. The increasing availability of flow data from 1990 to 2019 has shown that the SOIWD system would not have satisfied the water demand as it would not be operationally viable. This confirms the importance of accounting for non‐stationarity in reservoir yield estimation and reemphasises its importance in hydrological studies.
The impact of reduced worry on general functioning: A mediation analysis from a randomized trial
Authors: Andersson Erik , Mataix‐Cols David , Lauri Klara Olofsdotter , de Schipper Elles , Ljótsson Brjánn , Aspvall Kristina , Wahlund Tove 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrevious lab findings have indicated that excessive worry may impair cognitive performance and problem solving capabilities but it is unclear if excessive worry also leads to broader impairments in general functioning. We report a secondary process data analysis of a large randomized waitlist‐controlled trial (N = 670) of a self‐guided online psychological intervention for dysfunctional worry related to the Covid‐19 pandemic. Specific aims were to investigate (1) if improvements in general functioning were mediated by reductions in worry related to Covid‐19 during the acute intervention phase, and (2) if reduced worry related to Covid‐19 during acute intervention phase had a positive long‐term impact on general functioning up to 1 year after the end of the intervention. To address aim 1, we used a mediation analysis framework where outcome (general functioning measured with an adapted version of the Work and Social Adjustment Scale) and the hypothesized mediator (worry measured with an adapted version of the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7‐Item Scale) were administered weekly during the controlled phase of the trial of 3 weeks. To address aim 2, we investigated if reductions in worry during the 3‐week treatment period predicted improved general functioning at 1‐ and 12 months after treatment completion. Results showed that improvements in general functioning at week 3 were mediated by reductions in worry during the first 2 weeks of treatment (indirect effect estimate −0.08; 95% CI −0.15, −0.02). A sensitivity analysis indicated that the mediation effects dropped significantly when the residual correlation values between the mediator and the outcome exceeded r = 0. A reversed causation model was not significant. Additionally, reductions in worry during treatment predicted subsequent improvements in general functioning at both 1‐ and 12‐month follow‐ups (p < .05, −.001). Altogether, these results provide further support of the importance of targeting worry as a way to improve functioning among the large population of individuals with high levels of worry.
Mitigation of Anti‐Drug Antibody Production for Augmenting Anticancer Efficacy of Therapeutic Protein via Co‐Injection of Nano‐Rapamycin
Authors: Chang Ya , Xiong Wei , Zou Chenming , Zeng Ping , Hou Jiazhen , Muhitdinov Bahtiyor , Shen Yuanyuan , Huang Yongzhuo , Guo Shengrong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe induction of anti‐drug antibody (ADA) is a formidable challenge for protein‐based therapy. Trichosanthin (TCS) as a class of ribosome‐inactivating proteins is widely studied in tumor treatment. However, the immunogenicity can induce the formation of ADA, which can cause hypersensitivity reactions and neutralize the efficacy of TCS, thus limiting its clinical application in cancer therapy. Here, a promising solution to this issue is presented by co‐administration of the rapamycin nanoparticles and TCS. PEGylated rapamycin amphiphilic molecule is designed and synthesized as a prodrug and a delivery carrier, which can self‐assemble into a nanoparticle system with encapsulation of free rapamycin, a hydrophobic drug. It is found that co‐injection of the PEGylated rapamycin nanoparticles and TCS could mitigate the formation of anti‐TCS antibody via inducing durable immunological tolerance. Importantly, the combination of TCS and the rapamycin nanoparticles has an enhanced effect on inhibit the growth of breast cancer. This work provides a promising approach for protein toxin‐based anticancer therapy and for promoting the clinical translation.
The neddylation inhibitor MLN4924 inhibits proliferation and triggers apoptosis of oral cancer cells but not for normal cells
Authors: Chen Yan‐Ning , Chan Yu‐Hsuan , Shiau Jun‐Ping , Farooqi Ammad Ahmad , Tang Jen‐Yang , Chen Kuan‐Liang , Yen Ching‐Yu , Chang Hsueh‐Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIncreased neddylation benefits the survival of several types of cancer cells. The inhibition of neddylation has the potential to exert anticancer effects but is rarely assessed in oral cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate the antiproliferation potential of a neddylation inhibitor MLN4924 (pevonedistat) for oral cancer cells. MLN4924 inhibited the cell viability of oral cancer cells more than that of normal oral cells (HGF‐1) with 100% viability, that is, IC50 values of oral cancer cells (CAL 27, OC‐2, and Ca9‐22) are 1.8, 1.4, and 1.9 μM. MLN4924 caused apoptotic changes such as the subG1 accumulation, activation of annexin V, pancaspase, and caspases 3/8/9 of oral cancer cells at a greater rate than in normal oral cells. MLN4924 induced greater oxidative stress in oral cancer cells compared to normal cells by upregulating reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide and depleting the mitochondrial membrane potential and glutathione. In oral cancer cells, preferential inductions also occurred for DNA damage (γH2AX and 8‐oxo‐2′‐deoxyguanosine). Therefore, this investigation demonstrates that MLN4924 is a potential anti‐oral‐cancer agent showing preferential inhibition of apoptosis and promotion of DNA damage with fewer cytotoxic effects on normal cells.