bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Techniques for Evaluation of Thermal Shock Durability of Thermal Barrier Coating
Authors: Takeno Kazuma , Okajima Yoshifumi , Torigoe Taiji , Kuroda Seiji , Ito Kaita 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Although increasing the thickness of thermal barrier coating (TBC) enhances its thermal protection capability, it generally decreases its thermal shock durability. This is caused by an increase of thermal stress due to the increase of the temperature differential between the TBC surface and the metal surface. In order to realize the optimum TBC thickness, the thermal shock durability of TBC should be evaluated precisely and quantitatively. This study focused on two advanced techniques to evaluate the durability of TBC that were developed through joint research with the National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS). The first technique utilizes a new acoustic emission (AE) measurement system called continuous wave memory (CWM), which can analyze AE events more precisely than conventional AE systems. The second technique is a noncontact strain measurement method using laser speckles, which can measure the strain on the TBC surface at high temperature. These techniques were combined with a laser thermal cycle test to establish the “𝜖H-N diagram”, which shows the relationships between the hot shock strain 𝜖H in the laser thermal cycle test and the cycle number N to failure for different TBC thicknesses. In these experiments, CWM was used to determine the TBC failure more precisely, while the laser speckle method was used to measure the thermal shock strain 𝜖H. The obtained 𝜖H-N diagram revealed the durability of TBC for various thicknesses and was transformed to an evaluation map to predict the TBC thickness limitation. For real parts, this evaluation map is useful to estimate if a thicker TBC will fail or not by comparing the maximum strain it is predicted to undergo by numerical analysis.
Comparative Study of Mo and W Bonding Layers on Graphite during Plasma Spraying
Authors: Kwon Sik-Chol , Kang Neo , Hyun S-K , Kim J-K , Kim I-S , Park T-H , Bong H-M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Graphite is useful in high-temperature applications in many engineering fields, such as heat-treating, brazing, and sintering industries. As the operation becomes severe, carbon experiences degradation leading to failure. In this study, a protective coating of W and Mo as the intermediate layer by air plasma spraying on graphite substrate was investigated to find a better intermediate layer. Their performance was explored as a bonding layer in a protective alumina-YSZ ceramic topcoat. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope were used to observe the cross-section of coatings and the difference in the bonding characteristics between W and Mo, respectively. W was found inferior to Mo as a bonding performance over 1450 °C in view of carbide formation against the thermodynamic data. It seems to be related to the formation of a barrier layer as oxide during air plasma spraying.
Electrochemical Investigations and Corrosion Behavior of HVOF WC-12Co Coatings Obtained from Powder and Aqueous Suspension
Authors: Langklotz Ulrike , Toma Filofteia-Laura , Meyer Anja , Stallmann Milena 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In our previous work, the potential of the suspension-HVOF spraying (S-HVOF) to produce dense-structured WC-12Co coatings has been shown. This contribution proposes a comparative study of the corrosion properties of the S-HVOF WC-12Co coatings and conventional sprayed HVOF coatings. The corrosion properties were evaluated at room temperature in NaCl electrolytes with different pH values and in a pH neutral 0.5 M Na2SO4 solution. By varying the pH value, the corrosion mechanism of the cemented carbide coatings should be assessed more precisely, since the two components, WC and Co, show strongly different pH dependencies. The electrochemical properties of the sprayed coatings were investigated using open circuit potential measurements, linear sweep voltammetry and potentiodynamic polarization methods. Before and after corrosion tests, microstructural evaluations of the coatings were performed. Moreover, element analyses of the eluates have been performed to determine soluble corrosion products. The S-HVOF coatings show a similarly good corrosion resistance as the conventional HVOF WC-Co coatings. Generally, the coating properties, i.e. microstructure and phase compositions, as well as the electrolyte significantly influence the corrosion performance of the sprayed coatings.
Development of a Wear-Resistant Self-Fluxing Thermal Spray Coating by Solid Lubricant Incorporation
Authors: Preuß Bianca , Lindner Thomas , Lampke Thomas , Wietheger Wolfgang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Self-fluxing alloys are an established thermal spray system in case of superimposed tribological and corrosive loads. A dense coating with high bonding strength can be formed by fusing. Such coating system represent the state of the art in valve technology. Diamond-like carbon (DLC) top coatings are used for friction-reduction. As an alternative approach, this study focuses on the possibility of incorporating solid lubricants in self-fluxing alloy coatings. This allows for higher local stress and failure tolerance as well as a reduced process chain. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was studied as solid lubricant in the self-fluxing alloy NiCrBSiFe. In this preliminary study, the optimization of the MoS2 content with up to 10.0 wt% was performed in spark plasma sintered (SPS) bulk materials. The wear behavior under oscillating wear conditions was investigated. Besides the decrease in coefficient of friction (COF), the wear resistance was increased by incorporating MoS2. Furthermore, the distribution of the solid lubricants within the SPS bulk material and the influence of the production route were analyzed.
Examining the Drivers of Natural Gas Price in Europe - Focus on the Role of Speculators
Authors: Obadi Saleh Mothana , Korcek Matej 
Published: May 2023

This paper examines the role of fundamentals and speculators for the price of natural gas market in Europe expressed in TTF front month index. The Granger causality test is used to investigate the relationship between variables determining supply and demand factors as well as activities of speculators expressed in futures TTF contracts held on ICE exchange, data reported by the European Securities and Markets Authority - ESMA. Existence of unidirectional granger causality was revealed running from prices of oil, temperatures towards prices of natural gas, bidirectional causality was found with prices of coal and emission allowance. No Granger causality was found between storages, PMI, positioning of speculators and natural gas price. Granger causality running from storages to speculators was identified. We concluded this indicates the market positioning of speculators is driven by fundamental factors and it is not the main factor driving the price of natural gas.
Growth and Financial Performance Governance by the Total Resources: A Case of Indian Downstream Oil and Gas Firms
Authors: Ali Anis , Fatima Nadeem 
Published: May 2023

The total resources of the business organizations define the size of the operational activities and provide the base for the revenue and availability of the working capital for the business activities. The oil and gas industry provides a base for the manufacturing and processing sector in India. Downstream oil and gas firms play a vital role in processing crude oil and gas and procuring it for final consumers. The study is intended to get the degree and direction of governance of the financial performance of the downstream Indian oil and gas firms. The study is based on secondary data while financial ratios, index numbers, post hoc homogeneity, and correlation are calculated to get the financial performance, movement trend, sensitivity of movement, and governance of the financial performance measures by the total resources in downstream Indian oil and gas firms. The study found that the growth of the total resources affects the profit-earning capacity and return on total resources in downstream Indian oil and gas firms positively but negligibly. There is moderate sensitivity between the growth of total resources and short-term paying ability while no relationship between the total resources and solvency of firms in downstream Indian oil and gas firms. The finding of the study concludes that investment in the total resources can be increased to get the benefits of profitability and profits, ultimately. But, the investment in the smaller downstream Indian oil and gas firms is more profitable than the investment in the larger downstream Indian oil and gas firms.
Biologi Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) di laboratorium
Authors: Hutagalung Rade Putra Satrio , Sitepu Suzanna Fitriany , Marheni  
Published: May 2023

Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) merupakan hama invasif baru yang menyebabkan kerusakan parah pada pertanaman jagung di beberapa daerah di Indonesia. S. frugiperda juga telah menyerang pertanaman jagung di Sumatera Utara berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Balai Perlindungan Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura (BPTPH) Sumatera Utara dan pengamatan di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari beberapa aspek biologi Fall Armyworm (S. frugiperda) pada tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai bulan Januari 2020 sampai Maret 2020 di Laboratorium Hama Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siklus hidup S. frugiperda berkisar antara 38-45 (41,4±1,73) hari: telur menetas setelah 2 hari, larva instar pertama 2-3 (2,75±0,44) hari, larva instar kedua 3-4 (3,80±0,41) hari, larva instar ketiga 3-4 (3,80±0,41) hari, larva instar keempat 3-4 (3,70±0,47) hari, larva instar kelima 2-3 (2,70±0,47) hari, larva instar keenam 2-3 (2,30±0,47) hari dan pupa 8-10 (8,90±0,64) hari. Umur Imago betina 9-11 (10,20±0,92) hari sedangkan umur imago jantan 9-10 (9,20±0,42) hari. Imago betina selama hidupnya dapat menghasilkan telur 1063-1902 (1468,2±255,70) butir. Perbandingan nisbah kelamin S. frugiperda jantan : betina adalah 1 : 1,25.

Kata kunci : biologi, jagung, Spodoptera frugiperda
Collective Trauma as a Personal/Social Concern for Persons within Marginalized Communities
Authors: Moffatt Ken , Carranza Mirna E. , Lee Bill , McGrath Susan , George Usha 
Published: May 2023

<p>Much of the literature about trauma has conceptualized trauma only as a personal and psychological issue (Herman, 1992). This paper is a departure from this as it attempts to shed light on trauma as a community process such as the complex community responses to the experience of pervasive and ongoing injurious acts. The authors, with assistance from a Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council standard research grant, interviewed participants who are involved in community practice in three marginalized communities within two Canadian urban centers: 1) gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgendered, transsexual, and queer people; 2) Aboriginal people; and 3) Salvadorian refugees to understand social disruption that results from marginalization based on identity. In this paper, we argue that such a disruption, trauma, is shared across communities even if experienced differentially. We found that the participants’ experiences of trauma were expressed as both a personal and as a shared experience. Because of shared community identity, one did not have to experience the traumatic event personally to share in it. The participants of the research understood trauma to be deleterious and harmful but also allowed for an openness and affinity to others within their communities. Thus, trauma, while having serious negative impacts from its origins in social prejudice and mistreatment from outside the community, can also be seen as a basis for organization and resistance within marginalized diverse communities.</p>
STUDENTS’ ABILITY ON WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT USING PICTURE MEDIA IN CLASS X HOSPITALITY 3 AT VOCATION HIGH SCHOOL 4 JAMBI CITY
Authors: Kristina Irma , Wennnyta Wennnyta , Munawwaroh Khidayatul 
Published: May 2023

This research design uses quantitative research methods with data collection techniques through tests. Where the population in this study was 293 students with samples taken were students of class X Hospitality 3 with a random sampling technique consisting of 26 students. This research consists of problems, research objectives, research methods, research findings and conclusions. The background of this research doing this research was the writing of students' descriptive texts using picture media. The components analyzed in this study were organization, grammar, vocabulary. In collecting data, this research used a written test instrument. This research analyzed students' writing based on five categories, namely: very good, good, average, fair, poor. The results of this study concluded that 26 students of class X 3 at vocation high school 4 Jambi City at the level of writing descriptive texts got an average score of 31.40 from the results of the tests carried out and according to Harris (1969) the average value was included in the fair category. Meanwhile, the average score for each aspect obtained by students, namely, in the organizational aspect was 2.3, this was included in the fair category, and the grammatical aspect was 1.73 which was included in the poor category and the vocabulary aspect was 1.42 including the poor category.
Students’ Problems in Using English Pronouns at Junior High School Number 15 Jambi
Authors: Fitriana Fitriana , Wennyta Wennyta , Aisyah Siti 
Published: May 2023

This study aims to find out what are the students' problems in using English pronouns in using personal and possessive pronouns at SMP Negeri 15 Jambi. In this study, this research used qualitative research. The subjects of this study were class VIIG students of SMP Negeri 15 Jambi in the academic year 2021/2022. All problems in the use of pronouns have been categorized and identified, namely subject, object, possessive adjective, and possessive pronoun. In simple terms, the students face more problems in using object pronouns. This can be seen from the percentage results where the problem of using object pronouns is 35.2%, questions are answered incorrectly. Meanwhile, at least students face problems in using possessive pronouns by 14.4%. The result of this research found that the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 15 Jambi mostly face the problem of using object pronouns, which is the most difficult thing for students because they do not really understand how to use object pronouns.
An Analysis of Some Causal Factor Difficulties in Speaking English Ability at the Member Destorel English Club of Senior High School 8 Kota Jambi
Authors: Hendri Zahir Sebrina , Suyadi Suyadi , Dewi Kartika 
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine analyze some students' ability about learning English in Destorel English Club of senior high school 8 in the city of Jambi. This research is a mix method research. The data collection technique was obtained through interview and recorded. The results showed that according to students learning English is very easy to understand if students want to learn to understand it, the interest of students of senior high school 8 Jambi city in receiving learning is also supported by learning support facilities such as books, English dictionaries, and other online English dictionary sites. In addition, the assignment given by the teacher also raises student ability. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that according to students speaking ability in speaking English is very easy. Students' difficulties in receiving learning is also supported by supporting facilities for learning English such as books and dictionaries. Teachers always use two languages to interact with their students in learning English, namely by mixing Indonesian. Students always actively ask teachers and friends about learning English that students do not know, and students do not apply English in their daily life due to lack of vocabulary and lack confidence in interacting with other people in using English.
Perjanjian Elektronik Yang Dibuat Oleh Anak Dibawah Umur
Authors: Hanifah Ida , Koto Ismail 
Published: May 2023

Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata terkandung asas kebebasan berkontrak, yang menyatakan bahwa “asas Kebebasan berkontrak memberikan hak pada setiap orang untuk dapat mengadakan berbagai kesepakatan sesuai dengan kehendak dan persyaratan yang disepakati kedua belah pihak, dengan syarat-syarat subjektif dan objektif tentang sahnya suatu perjanjian tetap dipenuhi (pasal 1320 KUH Perdata”. Terpenuhinya syarat sah dalam perjanjian seperti yang diatur dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata. Merupakan syarat mutlak untuk terjadinya suatu perjanjian, keempat syarat di atas merupakan ketentuan yang bersifat memaksa. Akibat hukum dari transaksi oleh seseorang dibawah umur dalam e-commerce yang jelas-jelas tidak memenuhi salah satu syarat subjektif di atas ialah lemahnya kekuatan hukum terhadap kontrak tersebut. Suatu kontrak yang diadakan oleh orang yang tidak cakap dapat dibatalkan atas dasar kehendak pihak lainnya yang merasa dirugikan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh keabsahan kontrak elektronik yang melibatkan anak di bawah umur sebagai salah satu atau kedua pihak telah menyalahi ketentuan keabsahan perjanjian menurut hukum. Akan tetapi, kontrak akan tetap berlaku dan para pihak tetap terikat untuk memenuhinya selama tidak ada yang keberatan atas salah satu syarat sah perjanjian yang tidak dipenuhi. Kontrak elektronik tersebut pun harus tetap berlanjut dan dilaksanakan sesuai kesepakatan. Walaupun begitu, pemenuhan syarat usia kedewasaan tetap dipandang perlu untuk menjamin kepastian hukum dalam melakukan transaksi dalam e-commerce
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Terhadap Orang Tua Yang Tidak Melaporkan Anaknya Sebagai Pecandu Narkotika
Authors: Ginting Devi , Fauzi Ahmad , Nadirah Ida 
Published: May 2023

Perlindungan anak harus telah dimulai sedini mungkin. Dalam kehidupan masyarakat, anak yang melakukan penyalahgunaan narkoba sebagai pengguna dan kemudian diproses melalui proses peradilan anak, keseluruhannya dijatuhi pidana penjara. Sementara pidana penjara adalah pidana yang paling dihindari sebagai reaksi kenakalan anak karena dampak yang ditimbulkan akan mengganggu perkembangan fisik, mental, dan sosial anak. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menjawab : peraturan hukum kewajiban orangtua untuk melaporkan anaknya sebagai pecandu narkotika , pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap orang tua yang tidak melaporkan anaknya sebagai pecandu narkotika dan Pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan hukuman terhadap anak pecandu narkotikan studi putusan nomor 55/Pid.Sus-Anak/2021/PN Mdn. Supaya hakim lebih mengedepankan putusan yang bersifat mengobati (rehabilitasi) dibanding dengan pidana penjara. Metode penelitian ini yaitu Yuridis normative dan menggunakan bahan-bahan hukum sebagai sumber datan sekunder. Hasil penelitian Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika pasal 128 ayat (1), orang tua wajib melaporkan anaknya yang menjadi pecandu narkotika kepada instansi terkait untuk mendapat perawatan sesuai dengan kondisi pecandu tersebut. Sementara orang tua memiliki cara masing-masing untuk melindungi anaknya sebagamana diatur dalam Prinsip-prinsip perlindungan anak yang berdasarkan Undang – Undang Nomor. 23 tahun 2002 terdiri dari 4 prinsip. Orang tua yang melakukan rehabilitasi tanpa melapor seharusnya tidak dapat dipidana karena adanya alasan penghapusan pidana yang sebab-sebab tidak dapat dipertanggungjawabkannya perbuatan tersebut berasal dari diri si pelaku berupa adanya daya paksa relative yang disebut keadaan darurat (noodtoestand). Noodtoestand dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu perbenturan antara dua kewajiban hukum, perbenturan antara dua Kepentingan hukum dan perbenturan antara kewajiban hukum dan kepentingan hukum. Seharusnya pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan nomor putusan nomor 55/Pid.Sus-Anak/2021/PN Mdn. yang menyangkut faktor yang memberatkan yang menyatakan bahwa seusia anak telah mengetahu dan mengkonsumsi Narkoba, dan rumusan Pasal jangan tolak ukur utama dalam anak tersebut dijatuhkan pidana penjara
Perjanjian Peralihan Hak Atas Saham Perseroan Terbatas Yang Dilakukan Suami Tanpa Persetujuan Istri (Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung RI Nomor : 3104 K/Pdt/2016)
Authors: Sembiring Hendry Abbas , Perdana Surya , Suprayitno Suprayitno 
Published: May 2023

Perseroan Terbatas merupakan suatu badan hukum yang saat ini banyak diminati oleh masyarakat. Hal ini karena tanggung jawab yang harus dibebankan kepada perseroan tersebut hanya sebatas modal yang ada pada perseroan. Pengalihan saham perseroan terbatas kepada pihak ketiga melalui beberapa tahap yang harus dilalui salah satunya ialah dilakukannya dengan akta Pemindahan Hak. Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan menyatakan bahwa perkawinan ialah ikatan lahir dan bathin antara seorang pria dan seorang wanita dengan membentuk keluarga yang bahagia. Menjalani kehidupan rumah tangga tidak terlepas dari adanya perolehan harta yang menjadi harta bersama. Hasil pembahasan bahwa jual-beli atas saham perseroan terbatas diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas juga berkaitan dengan Anggaran dasar dari Perseroan Terbatas. Terhadap pengalihan saham dari Perseroan Terbatas yang merupakan harta bersama dari pasangan suami isteri jika dialihkan maka harus mendapat persetujuan dari pasangan. Namun ketika hal tersebut tidak dilakukan akan terjadi konflik hukum, sebagaimana Pasal 31 Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan mengatur bahwa hak dan kedudukan isteri adalah seimbang dengan hak dan kedudukan suami dalam kehidupan rumah tangga dan pergaulan hidup bersama dalam masyarakat sehingga harta yang diperoleh selama perkawinan merupakan harta bersama selama tidak dibuatkan perjanjian perkawinan yang mengaturnya. Berdasarkan atas fakta-fakta hukum yang ada dan juga berdasarkan atas ketentuan pasal 1338 KUH Perdata dan pasal 1320 KUH Perdata. Dan analisis mengenai putusan Mahkamah Agung RI No. 3104 K/Pdt/2016 menolak dan menghukum pemohon karena perjanjian Agremeent yang dimaksud dalam gugatan merupakan perjanjian awal dan bukan perjanjian pelaksanaan
DESCRIPTION OF BLOOD HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS IN VAPE USERS IN THE HEXOHM COMMUNITY BENGKULU CITY IN 2021
Authors: Febriyanto Tedy , Baruara Guntur , Ardhiana Rezu 
Published: May 2023

E-cigarettes are a new trend in Indonesian society, especially young people, not only men but also women who are fans of this electric cigarette which can be called a vape or vapor, this electric cigarette uses liquid (liquid) as a substitute for tobacco . Then this liquid turns into thick smoke. It is known that in the liquid vape content there is diacetyl which is an additive that is usually used in the production of foods such as popcorn, caramel and butter that can cause addiction. Diacetyl which is added to the liquid causes serious inflammation, which results in the lungs not having a place to exchange oxygen with CO, causing shortness of breath and difficulty breathing deeply, thus making hemoglobin levels increase because the body cannot supply enough oxygen. This happens because when smoking hemoglobin instead of taking the oxygen the body needs but instead binds to carbon monoxide .The type of research used in this study is descriptive research, namely research conducted to describe blood hemoglobin levels in electronic cigarette users in the Hexohm community of Bengkulu city in 2021. It is known that from the 40 respondents studied, almost most of them have normal hemoglobin levels and most have abnormal hemoglobin levels. Normal hemoglobin level is 12-15 g/dl. Based on the results of the examination of Hemoglobin in vape users in the Hexohm community levels in Bengkulu City, it showed that the respondents in the higher category were 22 respondents, and in the almost normal category 18 respondents. Suggestions for other researchers so that it can be used as a reference that will later be useful for further research. And it is hoped that further research will be better.