bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composite lipid emulsion use and essential fatty acid deficiency in pediatric patients with intestinal failure with high parenteral nutrition dependence: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Belza Christina , Courtney‐Martin Glenda , Wong‐Sterling Sylvia , Garofalo Elizabeth , Silva Carina , Yanchis Dianna , Avitzur Yaron , Wales Paul W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundReports of essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) in patients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) and a composite lipid (mixed oil intravenous lipid emulsion [MO ILE]) are predominantly when managed by lipid restriction. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of EFAD in patients with intestinal failure (IF) who are PN dependent without lipid restriction.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated patients, ages 0–17 years, followed by our intestinal rehabilitation program between November 2020 and June 2021 with PN dependency index (PNDI) of >80% on a MO ILE. Demographic data, PN composition, PN days, growth, and plasma fatty acid profile were collected. A plasma triene‐tetraene (T:T) ratio >0.2 indicated EFAD. Summary statistics and Wilcoxon rank sum test evaluated to compare between PNDI category and ILE administration (grams/kilograms/day). P < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsTwenty‐six patients (median age, 4.1 years [interquartile range (IQR) = 2.4–9.6]) were included. The median duration of PN was 1367 days (IQR = 824–3195). Sixteen patients had a PNDI of 80%–120% (61.5%). Fat intake for the group was 1.7 g/kg/day (IQR = 1.3–2.0). The median T:T ratio was 0.1 (IQR = 0.1–0.2) with no values >0.2. Linoleic and arachidonic acid were low in 85% and 19% of patients, respectively; however, Mead acid was normal in all patients.ConclusionThis report is the largest to date on the EFA status of patients with IF on PN. These results suggest that, in the absence of lipid restriction, EFAD is not a concern when using MO ILEs in children receiving PN for IF.
Integrating ecosystem organization, quality and services indicators in the ecological security assessment
Authors: Tang Butian , Wang Hao , Peng Lixian , Wang Zhuangzhuang , Liu Jiamin , Liwei Zhang , Jiao Lei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEcological security is a vital component of regional security and significantly influences regional sustainable development. The assessment of ecological security is the cornerstone of relative research to coordinate ecological protection and economic developments. However, a framework that enables systematic assessment of the ecological security still needs further exploration. A framework that includes ecosystem organization (O), quality (Q), and services (S) was proposed to evaluate the ecological security in southeast Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP) in this study. Results showed that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, ecosystem organization in the study area showed an improving trend, with 61.33% of counties experiencing an increase in O value; (2) The ecosystem quality showed an increasing trend, with the proportion of increased areas amounting to 54.46%, and the significantly increased area occupied 3.38% of the study area; (3) The total trend of ecosystem services decreased, among them, habitat provision and soil conservation both presented an increasing trend, while water yield performed a decreased trend; (4) The ecological security in the southeast of QTP has been improved, which increased in north of the study area and decreased in south part. Overall, our study provided a novel view to characterize the physical status of the natural environment and enriched the methodology of ecological security assessment. More attention should be received by the different roles of ecosystem organization, quality, and services in ecological security in future studies, which is helpful to reflect the current situation and changing trends of regional ecological security more reasonably and comprehensively.
A comparative study of the conference papers of mainland China's double first‐class universities
Authors: Zhang Guijie , Wei Fangfang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper analyses the conference papers published by double first‐class universities from mainland China between 2006 and 2019. The main findings are as follows: first, the number of conference papers from different double first‐class universities varied greatly, with the annual numbers of papers in the China Proceedings of Conferences Full‐text Database (CPCD) and in the Conference Proceedings Citation Index (CPCI) fluctuating during this period. Second, most of the top 10 disciplines of the papers in the CPCD and CPCI were in the natural sciences, with only two in the social sciences. The CPCD papers and CPCI papers had some overlap in their disciplinary distributions. Third, the CPCD and CPCI papers differed little in total number, with the number of CPCI papers being slightly higher than the number of CPCD papers. With the introduction of new regulations from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MST), there will likely be an increase in the number of Chinese‐language conference papers in the future.
Physiological response of an Antarctic cryptophyte to increasing temperature, CO2, and irradiance
Authors: Camoying Marianne G. , Trimborn Scarlett 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Southern Ocean, a globally important CO2 sink, is one of the most susceptible regions in the world to climate change. Phytoplankton of the coastal shelf waters around the Western Antarctic Peninsula have been experiencing rapid warming over the past decades and current ongoing climatic changes will expose them to ocean acidification and high light intensities due to increasing stratification. We conducted a multiple‐stressor experiment to evaluate the response of the still poorly studied key Antarctic cryptophyte species Geminigera cryophila to warming in combination with ocean acidification and high irradiance. Based on the thermal growth response of G. cryophila, we grew the cryptophyte at suboptimal (2°C) and optimal (4°C) temperatures in combination with two light intensities (medium light: 100 μmol photons m−2 s−1 and high light [HL]: 500 μmol photons m−2 s−1) under ambient (400 μatm pCO2) and high pCO2 (1000 μatm pCO2) conditions. Our results reveal that G. cryophila was not susceptible to high pCO2, but was strongly affected by HL at 2°C, as both growth and carbon fixation were significantly reduced. In comparison, warming up to 4°C stimulated the growth of the cryptophyte and even alleviated the previously observed negative effects of HL at 2°C. When grown, however, at temperatures above 4°C, the cryptophyte already reached its maximal thermal limit at 8°C, pointing out its vulnerability toward even higher temperatures. Hence, our results clearly indicate that warming and high light and not pCO2 control the growth of G. cryophila.
Solution‐Processable Three‐Dimensional Metamaterials with Ultrahigh Broadband Absorption for Photothermal Electronic Conversion
Authors: Tsao Shao Hsuan , Sun Aileen Y. , Lee Yang‐Chun , Hwang Ching‐Wen , Lin Keng‐Te , Lai Yu‐Sheng , Yang Ling‐Chu , Chen Hsuen‐Li , Wan Dehui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMetamaterials are promising candidates for broadband light absorbers, but complex manufacturing procedures with expensive instruments have limited their practical applications. Herein, this work develops an all‐solution‐processed three‐dimensional (3D) metamaterial—based on a gold nanocage (GNC)/silk fibroin (SF) nanocomposite thin film—that achieves near‐unity (>94%) and broadband (350–2000 nm) light absorption. At a low particle density, the film exhibits a typical signal for localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption at 856 nm, originating from its hollow geometrical shape of GNCs. In contrast, at high particle densities the films display ultrahigh broadband absorption, even in the non‐LSPR regions. This work attributes this behavior to the highly dense GNCs dispersed uniformly in the SF matrix acting optically as extremely fragmented metallic films, thereby retaining the highly absorptive nature of the metal while strongly suppressing its highly reflective properties. Moreover, the metamaterial absorber displays a desirable broadband‐light‐induced photothermal effect when illuminated with a halogen lamp. Finally, investigations into the photothermal electronic properties of this metamaterial combined with an Al/Si Schottky diode reveal an excellent photoresponse and photostability. The as‐designed systems can function at telecommunication wavelengths longer than the typical operation wavelengths of Si‐based devices. Such 3D metamaterial absorbers can be efficient platforms for various photothermal applications.
When to present an extended warranty: Pre‐ vs. post‐purchasing a product
Authors: Kim Dongeun , Nayakankuppam Dhananjay 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research examines a temporal factor's influence—showing an extended warranty before versus after consumers purchase a product—on consumers' likelihood of purchasing the warranties. Our results show that consumers are more likely to purchase a warranty before committing to a product rather than after doing so. These results appear to result from differing mental construals. Before committing to purchase, mental construals conditioned on product failures are more accessible; accordingly, consumers are more likely to consider buying a warranty. However, consumers who have already committed to purchase the product have mental construals that over‐represent positive features of the product; thus, these consumers are not compelled to buy a warranty. Four studies provide converging evidence via scenarios and behavioral measures. Our research suggests that offering extended warranties before the product purchase decision can be an effective strategy to increase warranty sales.
The length of brand names influences the expectation of healthiness in foods and preference for healthy foods
Authors: Motoki Kosuke , Pathak Abhishek 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAcross five studies (including one supplementary study), we demonstrate that the length of brand names influences the expectations of healthiness in foods and preference for healthy foods. Specifically, foods with shorter (vs. longer) brand names are perceived as healthier, and consumers prefer such foods. The perceived potency of names and expectations of healthfulness partially mediate the effect. Shorter (vs. longer) names are perceived as less potent; therefore, foods with such names are expected to be healthier, leading to a greater preference. Furthermore, the boundary condition (perceived potency of the brand names) is identified, where a positive effect of name length is not observed when the name includes more potent phonemes. Our findings contribute to the literature on healthy food branding and provide managerial implications for practitioners who are interested in promoting healthy foods.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study on Thermal Transport in Graphyne/Polyaniline Composite System
Authors: Qiao Yalan , Luo Min , Yin Qinjian , Wang Yihan , Zhou Ge 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGraphyne (GY) is a new carbon material with excellent electrical conductivity and low thermal conductivity (TC). The doping of GY into polymers to improve the thermoelectric properties of the material has become a hot research trend. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) and nonequilibrium MD are used to study the effect of the number of oxidation units of polyaniline (PANI) on TC and heat transfer of PANI and GY/PANI systems. The geometric structure of polymer, interaction energy, and heat transport of all systems are studied and analyzed. It is found that (1) as the number of oxidation units of PANI increases, the interchain and intrachain heat transfers of PANI are decreased thereby decreasing the heat transfer of the PANI chains; (2) the weak interaction energy at the interface hinders the heat flux transfer, and the phonon vibration of GY and PANI mismatch at the interfaces; eventually the above reasons lead to low interface TC; (3) the doping of GY can effectively reduce the TC of the system. This study provides some research ideas and theoretical exploration for the application of polymer doped with GY composites in the field of thermoelectricity.
Evolutionary game analysis of rent seeking in inventory financing based on blockchain technology
Authors: Li Jingwei , Li Shouwei , Zhang Yonghong , Tang Xiaoyu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model composed of a small and medium‐sized enterprise (SME), a supervisory enterprise, and a bank for the inventory financing model. The effects of blockchain technology on rent seeking in supply chain finance are calculated with focuses on its mechanism and advantages in inventory financing from the theoretical perspective. The influence of the parameters on the evolutions is likewise determined. Results show that for high‐value financing business, compared with the traditional model, the bank's application of blockchain can accelerate the system to the stable state, in which the SME complies with the contract, the supervisor does not seek collusion, and the bank thoroughly investigates the relationships of enterprises, and the enhancement of blockchain's automatic monitoring capability does not lead to the bank's inaction on regulation. For low‐value financing business, in response to the problem of collusion between the SME and the supervisor for additional benefits in the traditional model, the bank can monitor fund transfers within enterprises and unauthorized pledge release through smart contracts embedded in the blockchain system to automatically detect joint defaults, and effectively avoid the negative stable state of the bank indulging in inter‐enterprise relations which triggers collusion to embezzle financing. In addition, the bank can enhance the robustness of inventory financing service and curb rent‐seeking behavior in the blockchain inventory financing through strict penalties on the supervisor for its violations, monitoring abnormal capital flows of the SME, confirming appropriate credit rate gap, and moderately raising the service value threshold.
Design and development of a novel flexible ultra‐short echo time (FUSE) sequence
Authors: Cui Lumeng , McWalter Emily J. , Moran Gerald , Venugopal Niranjan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo present the validation of a new Flexible Ultra‐Short Echo time (FUSE) pulse sequence using a short‐T2 phantom.MethodsFUSE was developed to include a range of RF excitation pulses, trajectories, dimensionalities, and long‐T2 suppression techniques, enabling real‐time interchangeability of acquisition parameters. Additionally, we developed an improved 3D deblurring algorithm to correct for off‐resonance artifacts. Several experiments were conducted to validate the efficacy of FUSE, by comparing different approaches for off‐resonance artifact correction, variations in RF pulse and trajectory combinations, and long‐T2 suppression techniques. All scans were performed on a 3 T system using an in‐house short‐T2 phantom. The evaluation of results included qualitative comparisons and quantitative assessments of the SNR and contrast‐to‐noise ratio.ResultsUsing the capabilities of FUSE, we demonstrated that we could combine a shorter readout duration with our improved deblurring algorithm to effectively reduce off‐resonance artifacts. Among the different RF and trajectory combinations, the spiral trajectory with the regular half‐inc pulse achieves the highest SNRs. The dual‐echo subtraction technique delivers better short‐T2 contrast and superior suppression of water and agar signals, whereas the off‐resonance saturation method successfully suppresses water and lipid signals simultaneously.ConclusionIn this work, we have validated the use of our new FUSE sequence using a short T2 phantom, demonstrating that multiple UTE acquisitions can be achieved within a single sequence. This new sequence may be useful for acquiring improved UTE images and the development of UTE imaging protocols.
Gene transfer therapy in children with spinal muscular atrophy: A single‐center experience with a cohort of 25 children
Authors: Chencheri Nidheesh , Alexander Gail , Nugud Ahmed , Majadas Eurose , Salim Haneen , Prudhomme Katy , DeJager Noleen , Janardhanan Vaishnavi Shetty , Elbashir Haitham 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsNew therapeutic strategies to increase survival motor neuron protein levels in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) have focused on replacing the SMN1 gene. Onasemnogene abeparvovec was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2019 for treatment of children with SMA less than 2 years of age. Postmarketing studies are limited, especially outside of Europe and the United States. Herein we describe a single‐center experience with onasemnogene abeparvovec from the Middle East.MethodsBetween November 17, 2020 and January 31, 2022, 25 children with SMA received onasemnogene abeparvovec at our center in the United Arab Emirates. Data were collected on patients’ demographics, age at diagnosis, SMA type, genetic information, relevant medical history, laboratory investigations, and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (CHOP‐INTEND) functional assessment scores at baseline and 1 and 3 months after gene therapy.ResultsOnasemnogene abeparvovec was well tolerated. Significant improvements in CHOP‐INTEND scores were observed after the therapy. Elevation of liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia were the most common adverse events, but were transient and managed with high‐dose corticosteroids. There were no life‐threatening adverse events or deaths reported during the 3‐month follow‐up period.DiscussionThe study findings concurred with those of previously published studies. Side effects of gene transfer therapy are well tolerated, although serious complications can arise. In such cases, persistent transaminitis for example, steroid dose escalation is warranted with close observation of the patient's clinical status and lab values. Combination therapy should be explored as an alternative to gene transfer therapy only.
Psychosocial needs of pediatric cancer patients and their caregivers at end of treatment: Why psychosocial screening remains important
Authors: Perez Megan N. , Madden Rebecca E. , Zukin Heather N. , Velazquez‐Martin Blanca , Barakat Lamia P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe pediatric cancer Psychosocial Standards of Care calls for psychosocial screening across the cancer trajectory. The current study aims to describe pediatric cancer family needs at the end of treatment (EOT) and summarize feedback on a clinical EOT screening and education program.MethodsDuring a clinic visit, families attended an education session regarding general EOT considerations and caregivers and youth aged 11+ years completed questionnaires. Scores were coded for clinical significance based on cutoff scores per questionnaire, and clinical significance frequencies were calculated. Caregivers provided qualitative feedback on the EOT program via an open‐ended prompt.ResultsScreening was completed by 151 families. Ninety‐four patients (67.1%) endorsed risk by self‐ or proxy‐report in at least one domain. Across all patient age groups, a symptom of neurocognitive functioning was the most frequently endorsed risk, including executive functioning, sustained focused, and thinking slower than others. For caregivers, 106 (74.1%) endorsed risk in at least one domain, with concerns for ability to manage their child's medical condition as the most frequent endorsement. Families were agreeable to an EOT program with many caregivers advocating for receiving this program earlier.ConclusionsBoth patients and caregivers experienced clinically significant needs that require intervention at EOT. While patients are experiencing neurocognitive effects and distress, their caregivers are balancing management of their own distress with management of their child's needs during a transition to decreased support from the medical team. The findings affirm the need for systematic screening at EOT and anticipatory guidance for off treatment expectations.
Preparation of PP/PC light‐diffusing materials with UV‐shielding property
Authors: Zhu Huihao , Wang Wenhui , Wang Yu , Lin Zhenbin , Ji Huajian , Chen Xin , Li Guo , Ma Yulu , Xie Linsheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, we presented a one‐step melt‐blending method to fabricate polypropylene (PP)/polycarbonate (PC) light‐diffusing materials. A promising balance between haze and transmittance was obtained by the addition of small amount of PC to the matrix. On the basis of Mie scattering theory and morphology analysis, the correlation between processing conditions and light‐diffusing properties was built. Low rotor speed and high viscosity ratio were beneficial to optical properties of PP/PC composites. To extend the advanced application, two general anti‐ultraviolet additives nanoscale titanium dioxide (Nano‐TiO2) and 2‐(2‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenyl) benzotriazole (UV‐P) were added to impart UV‐shielding property to the composites. Their specific influences on the morphology and comprehensive properties of PP/PC composites were studied. It was found that the introduction of Rayleigh scattering raised by Nano‐TiO2 could strengthen the scattering effect and cause a significant reduction in light transmittance, while UV‐P had little effect on the optical properties of the light‐diffusing composites. In summary, this study prepared the PP/PC composites with high‐performance light scattering and UV‐shielding properties applying a facile blending method, which showed a potential application in flexible lightings and LCD displays.
Thermal oxygen aging mechanism and assessment of aramid chopped fibers/polyphenylene sulfide composite paper
Authors: Xia Tiantian , Wu Mengyun , Yan Junbao , Yang Feihua , Wang Xuyi , Jia Yingbin , Wang Hua , Xiong Siwei , Wang Luoxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAramid chopped fibers/polyphenylene sulfide (ACFs/PPS) composite paper exhibits great potential for application in several cutting‐edge areas because of their excellent comprehensive properties. However, the mechanism underlying thermal aging and the role it plays in the performance of ACF/PPS composite paper remain poorly characterized. Herein, we studied the change in the chemical structure of ACFs/PPS composite paper during thermal oxidative aging and investigated the correlation between the evolution of chromophore/auxochrome groups and the development of color appearance in the ACFs/PPS composite paper. Using the color space theory, we established a correlation model among the degrees of thermal aging, the evolution of color appearance, and the changes in the mechanical properties of ACFs/PPS composite paper. On the basis of this model, the degree of aging and the corresponding mechanical strength of ACFs/PPS composite paper under different conditions could be rapidly received by estimating the change in color factor only. This study sheds new light on elucidates and provides a method for the study of polymer thermal oxidative aging.