bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Activity Interventions for Cardiopulmonary Fitness in Obese Children and Adolescents:A Systematic Review
Authors: Wang Chaochao , Tian Zuguo , Hu Yuting , Luo Qiaoyou 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose:This study aims to systematically analyze the effects of physical activity on the cardiorespiratory health of children and adolescents who are obese. Additionally, it aims to review the factors that influence the effects of the intervention.
Methods: A systematic review of literature on physical activity interventions for improving cardiopulmonary fitness in obese adolescents from January 1, 2011 to March 1, 2023 was conducted. The search was performed on the Web of Science and PubMed databases, and the selected literature is first screened and then assessed for quality, and finally a systematic review is conducted.
Results:Twenty-three papers were eventually included, from 11 countries, containing 20 randomised controlled trials and 3 non-randomised controlled trials. 2737 study subjects, aged 5-18 years, were involved, with literature publication dates mainly between 2011 and 2022. The types of physical activity included mainly physical education classroom and extracurricular physical education activities, mainly of moderate to high intensity, with a single intervention of 40-60 min. physical activity was effective in improving maximal oxygen uptake, peak oxygen uptake, heart rate and resting heart rate. The measurement protocol is mainly is based on running and walking, with a modified protocol chosen according to the experiment.
Conclusions:Physical activity can improve the cardiorespiratory health of children and adolescents who are obese. The type of physical activity directly affects the interest of obese children and adolescents in participating, with moderate to high intensity physical activity having the most significant effect on intervention effectiveness, and high frequency, long-term interventions being more effective than short-term ones. The three pathways to improve cardiopulmonary fitness in obese children and adolescents are physical activity, improving cardiovascular fitness, reducing autoimmune inflammation, and enhancing fat metabolism. The effects of the intervention are mainly in terms of maximum and peak oxygen uptake, heart rate and resting heart rate, as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Other factors that can influence the cardiopulmonary fitness of obese children and adolescents include genetic predisposition, living environment, dietary patterns, and sleep.
A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization reveals the association between the abundance of Gut Microbiota and multiple subtypes of Lung Cancer
Authors: Chen Zhe , Wang Xuanye , Gao Ning , Chen XiangMing , Zeng YaQi , Wang YuLin , Wang Shuhui , Guan Haitao , Wang Xiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Using Mendelian randomization research, several specialists are now curious to learn more about the association between gut bacteria and lung cancer and its subtypes. However, their GWAS summary statistics and statistical methodologies are outdated and constrained.
Methods: A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study was performed using the summary statistics of gut microbiota from the largest genome-wide meta-analysis conducted by the MiBioGen. The summary statistics of lung cancer were extracted from the largest lung cancer GWAS meta-analysis.Inverse variance weighted (multiplicative random effects), MR-Egger regression, weighted median, weighted model and MR-PRESSO were used to examine the causal relationship. Reverse MR analysis was also performed on the lung cancer and its subtypes and microbiota.
Result:Inverse variance weighted(IVW) estimates suggested that we identified 2 bacterial taxon that were causally associated with lung cancer, 1 bacterial taxon with Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD), 3 bacterial taxon with Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (SCLC),1 bacterial taxon with Lung cancer in never smokers (LCNS) and 3 bacterial taxon with Lung cancer in ever smokers (LCES).Also in the reverse MR analysis,we identified 1 bacterial taxon that were causally associated with lung cancer, 5 bacterial taxon with Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma (LUSC), 1 bacterial taxon with LCNS and 5 bacterial taxon with LCES.
Conclusion: In summary, this two-sample MR study found that several gut microbiota taxon was causally associated with lung cancer and its subtypes. Further studies are needed to clarify the effect of gut microbiota on them, including their specific mechanism.
Spectroscopic, Structure, and Thermodynamic Properties of the Lithium Cation Emerged in the Small Neon Clusters Li+-Nen (n=1-20).
Authors: Mabrouk Nesrine , Dhiflaoui Jamila , Bejaoui Mohamed , Saidi Samah , Berriche Hamid 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The geometric structures and the relative stability of the Li+−Nen clusters, with n = 1–20, have been computed using pairwise model potential and density functional theory (DFT) method. The potential energy surface employed in these calculations is based on the Li+-Ne, Ne-Ne and many body interactions V3B. A series of methods and basis sets have been tested by reproduce correctly the experimental Li+-Ne and Ne-Ne potential energies. In addition, both Li+-Ne and Ne-Ne numerical potentials have been fitted by several analytical expressions as Tang and Toennies (TT), Extended Lennard Jones (ELJ) and Lennard-Jones (LJ) formula. The most stable structures of Li+-Nen clusters up to n = 20 have been optimized at Basin Hopping Monte Carlo (BHMC) method. The accuracy of our pairwise potential model has been confirmed by re-optimization at the DFT level of theory. The relative stabilities of Li+-Nen clusters are discussed by calculating the energy per neon atom, the first derivative, the fragmentation energy and the second derivative as well as the Highest Occupied Molecular orbital (HOMO)–Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital(LUMO) energy gap with the size of the clusters. It was shown that n=6, 8, 12, 14, 16 and 17 correspond to the magic numbers. Finally, thermodynamic properties are calculated and showed that the formation process of Li+-Nen clusters is endothermic and non-spontaneous.
Analysis and prediction of the efficacy and influencing factors of camrelizumab combined with TACE and sorafenib in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Pan songsong , Zheng jiaxi , Shi changsheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

BackgroundTACE combined with targeted therapy is a method for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. After adding Camrelizumab, some patients had gained benefits, but some patients have produced serious adverse reactions. Therefore, more studies are needed to prove the efficacy and adverse reactions, and prediction models are needed to help with decision-making.MethodsWith ethics committee approval, a bi-center retrospective study was finished. A total of 235 patients were enrolled and divided into the treatment group of camrelizumab combined with TACE and sorafenib and the treatment group of TACE and sorafenib. The survival rate, short-term efficacy and adverse reactions were compared, and the efficacy prediction model was established.ResultsThe 2-year survival time and objective response rate of the treatment group of camrelizumab combined with TACE plus sorafenib were higher than those of TACE plus sorafenib. Camrelizumab increased the proportion of reactive capillary proliferation, but had no effect on other adverse reactions. The established nomogram can accurately predict the response to the treatment.ConclusionsCamrelizumab combined with TACE and sorafenib can improve the survival rate of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and it is an effective treatment. The Nomogram model can predict the efficacy, which is beneficial for patients.
Enhancement of the Biological activity for Esterified polyethylene glycols by blending them with Sr –Co Nanoferrites
Authors: Adawy Ahmed , Ghoneim Amina , Abdeen Zizi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The poly (ethylene glycols) (PEG) were esterified with lauric acid or myristic acid, and their biological activities were improved by blending them with Sr0.25Co0.75Fe2O4 nanoparticles. The Sr0.25Co0.75Fe2O4 nanoparticles were prepared by the chemical co-precipitation method. These prepared polymeric surfactants were investigated using Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and diffraction of Xray (XRD). Also, the surface tension was characterized at diverse temperatures for these compounds. In addition, the surface parameters as well as concentration of critical micelle (CMC), excess of maximum surface (Γmax), area of minimum surface (Amin), efficiency (Pc20) and effectiveness (πCMC) were measured and computed. It was assessed and assigned the biological activity of these designed surfactants through length of the field of the hindrance against different microorganisms. It was found as of the results, that these compounds have good surface properties and good biological activity by blending these prepared polymeric surfactants with Sr0.25Co0.75Fe2O4 to obtain polymeric surfactants nanocomposites for enhancing their biological activity.
Dynamic blood flow imaging with 99mTc-HDP as a therapeutic response marker in patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon
Authors: Yoo Jang , Cheon Miju 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
We evaluated the predictive value of dynamic blood flow scintigraphy with 99mTc-HDP (hydroxymethylene diphosphonate) for therapeutic response in patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP).
Methods
Eighty patients who underwent dynamic blood flow scintigraphy using the one-hand chilling method were enrolled. We analyzed the quantitative variables as the ratio of chilled fingers to ambient fingers (CAfinger), that of the chilled hand to ambient hand (CAhand), and that of chilled fingers to ambient palm (FPR) (CAFPR) at 15 and 30 s after 99mTc-HDP bolus injection. Total cumulative radioactivity counts for 180 s were obtained. We evaluated the clinical utility of these quantitative parameters with other clinical variables including RP severity, therapeutic compliance, types of RP, and scintigraphic interpretation of findings in patients with RP.
Results
Fifty-two patients showed poor therapeutic response. There were significant differences between good- and poor-therapeutic responder groups in RP intensity (p = 0.003), CAfinger15s (p = 0.008), CAfinger30s (p = 0.002), CAfinger180s (p = 0.011), CAhand15s (p = 0.008), CAhand30s (p = 0.007), CAhand180s (p = 0.017), CAFPR30s (p = 0.004), and CAFPR180s (p = 0.002). After multivariate logistic regression analysis, only CAfinger30s (p = 0.002) had an independent predictive value of therapeutic response.
Conclusion
99mTc-HDP dynamic blood flow scintigraphy could be useful in predicting the therapeutic response in patients with RP.
Recycled sand for sustainable 3D-printed sand mold processes.
Authors: Yen-Ting Li , Cheng Yih-Lin , Tang Kea-Tiong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Traditional casting industries are losing their appeal due to poor working conditions. Combining casting with additive manufacturing is a popular solution, with binder jetting being the best option for sand mold printing. However, waste management and environmental concerns in binder jetting need to be addressed. This study shows that recycled sand can produce mechanical properties comparable to new sand, while reducing waste and environmental impact. Recycled sand used less binder and hardener, resulting in cost savings and environmental benefits. This study highlights the importance of waste management and sustainability in 3D-printed sand mold processes and offers a promising solution for recycled sand powders in binder jetting.
Preparation and characterization of novel zwitterionic lignin/Nafion composite membranes
Authors: Heo Ji Won , An Liangliang , Kim Min Soo , Youn Duck Hyun , Kim Yong Sik 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, a novel zwitterion-decorated lignin (ZL) containing amine and sulfonic acid groups was synthesized and ZL/Nafion composite membranes were fabricated as proton exchange membranes. Kraft lignin was modified using amino-silane and 1,3-propane sultone via a continuous grafting reaction to provide zwitterionic moieties. Chemical structural analyses confirmed the successful introduction of the zwitterion moiety into lignin. In particular, the surface charge of ZL was positive in an acidic medium and negative in a basic medium, suggesting that ZL is a zwitterionic material. ZL was incorporated into Nafion membrane to enhance its ion exchange capacity, thermal stability, and hydrophilicity. ZL/Nafion 0.5% with a proton conductivity of 151.0 mS/cm was found to be 55.3% higher than unmodified ML (methanol soluble lignin)/Nafion 0.5% (97.2 mS/cm), indicating that the zwitterion moiety of ZL can enhance the proton transport ability. In addition, the evaluation of oxidative stability confirmed that ZL/Nafion 2% was chemically more durable than pure Nafion. This confirmed that the use of lignin as an additive in the membrane can yielded positive results in terms of chemical durability and oxidation stability in Nafion. Therefore, ZL is expected to be utilized as a multifunctional additive and has the potential for fuel cell applications.
Multi-quality prediction of injection molding parts using a hybrid machine learning model
Authors: Ke Kun Cheng , Wu Po Wei , Huang Ming-Shyan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the advantages of high efficiency and low manufacturing cost, injection molding is a primary method of polymer processing. However, comprehensive inspection of part quality is limited due to high costs of time, labor, and equipment, often hindering quality control. There is an urgent need to develop a rapid and low-cost inspection method that can perform various quality inspections on injection-molded parts. Accordingly, this study proposes a virtual measurement technique based on a multi-quality prediction neural network that combines with an autoencoder network (AE) and a multilayer perceptron network (MLP). The research focused primarily on extracting and reducing the dimension of captured data using machine perception, quality index, and automatic feature extraction technologies to aid the rapid training of a hybrid AE/MLP model. Experimental case studies demonstrated that the method instantly predicted the residual stress distribution, weight, and geometric dimensions of plastic parts, and the model prediction error (root mean squared error) was less than 5% of the total tolerance. In particular, the predicted residual stress distribution was highly similar to the actual image, providing a substitute for the actual measurement of the residual stress within the molded part.
A computer vision sensor for the parallelization of actively regulated capillary slug flow microreactors
Authors: Gladius Anoj Winston , Mylenbusch Jonas A. , Agar David William 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this work, a computer vision sensor for the extraction of slug length, slug velocity and phase ratio from capillary liquid-liquid slug flows from video feeds in real-time, including the necessary post-processing algorithms, is developed. The developed sensor is shown to be capable of simultaneously monitoring multiple capillaries and provides reasonable accuracy at less than 3.5% mean relative error. Subsequently, the sensor is used for the control of a parallelized and actively regulated dual-channel slug flow capillary microreactor setup. As a model reaction, the solvent-free epoxidation of methyl oleate with hydrogen peroxide and a phase-transfer catalyst based on tungstophosphoric acid and a quaternary ammonium salt to yield the product 9,10-epoxystearic acid methyl ester is conducted. A space-time yield of 0.679 kg L-1 h-1 is achieved.
The effectiveness of problem-based learning in orthopedics education: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials
Authors: Li Ting , Song Ruohong , Zhong Wenjie , Liao Wenao , Hu Jiang , Liu Xilin , Wang Fei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background Currently, problem-based learning (PBL) has been widely used in many disciplines, but there is no systematic review exploring the advantages and disadvantages of PBL in orthopedic education. Objective We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of PBL teaching for orthopedics education. Methods We searched PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Chongqing VIP Database (VIP), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan Fang Database up to April 2023 for relevant studies. Relevant studies were identified by using specific eligibility criteria and data was extracted. Results A total of 51 randomized controlled trials with 4268 patients were included. Compared with traditional education, PBL teaching had higher theoretical score (SMD = 1.10, 95%Cl: 0.78 ~ 1.41,P < 0.00001), and the operational score and case analysis score in PBL teaching were significantly higher than traditional teaching (SMD = 2.07, 95%Cl: 1.61 ~ 2.53,P < 0.00001;SMD = 1.20, 95%Cl: 0.88 ~ 1.52,P < 0.00001). What’s more, the total score in PBL teaching was higher than that traditional teaching (MD = 5.69, 95%Cl: 5.11 ~ 6.26,P < 0.00001). And PBL teaching had higher teaching interest and teaching satisfaction than that traditional teaching (OR = 4.70, 95%Cl: 3.20 ~ 6.93,P < 0.00001;OR = 5.43, 95%Cl: 3.83 ~ 7.69,P < 0.00001). However, the learning time was less and learning pressure was higher in PBL teaching (OR = 0.12, 95%Cl: 0.06 ~ 0.24,P < 0.00001;OR = 5.95, 95%Cl: 3.16 ~ 11.23,P < 0.00001). Conclusion Current evidence indicated that PBL teaching can enhance the theoretical score, operational score, and case analysis score. And students had higher teaching interest and teaching satisfaction. But students can feel the higher study pressure and less study time. However, these findings needed to be verified in further by multi-center, double-blind and large sample RCTs.
Aprepitant versus a single dose fosaprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children: A randomized, parallel-group, phase III trial
Authors: yu liting , Han Ya-Li , Wang Zhuo , Zhou Fen , Li Zhi-Ling , Gao Yi-Jin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: For the recent prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in children aged 6 months and older, neurokinin-1(NK-1) receptor antagonists were suggested. However, there is little information available on how to select NK-1 receptor antagonists for pediatric patients, such as aprepitant and fosaprepitant.
METHODS: Children between the ages of 2 and 12 who were scheduled to undergo chemotherapy that was either mildly or strongly emetic were randomly randomized to receive fosaprepitant (arm-A) or aprepitant (arm-B). For the children in arm-A, ondansetron and dexamethasone were administered intravenously, followed by a fosaprepitant infusion. The identical medications were administered to children selected for arm-B, with the exception that aprepitant was used instead of fosaprepitant. Dexamethasone and ondansetron were continuously administered for 48 hours following the conclusion of treatment. The proportion of patients who experienced a complete response (CR), which is defined as no vomiting, no retching, and no need for rescue medication, during the acute phase (0-24 hours after the last dose of chemotherapy) was administered, was the study's main end point. The percentage of patients who achieved a CR overall and within the delayed period (24-120 hours) following the last chemotherapy treatment were considered secondary end goals.
RESULTS : A total of 108 patients were examined (55 in the fosaprepitant arm and 53 in the aprepitant arm). In the acute phase (95% vs 79%, P =0.018, P<0.05), delayed phase (71% vs 66%, P =0.586), and overall phase (69% vs 57%, P =0.179), CR rates were greater in the fosaprepitant arm than in the aprepitant arm. Additionally, there is no difference between the aprepitant arm (11%) and the fosaprepitant arm (7%) in terms of the desire for rescue anti-emetics. CONCLUSIONS: Adding fosaprepitant to ondansetron and dexamethasone is more beneficial than adding aprepitant for preventing CINV in the acute phase. Fosaprepitant and aprepitant, however, do not significantly differ from one another for prevention throughout the delayed and overall phases.
This study was approved by IRB of Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (No. SCMCIRB-K2020120-2), and it was prospectively registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov on April 22, 2021 (reference number: NCT04873284 ).
Comparing Motivations, Learning Interests, and Barriers to Expansion Among Non-commercial and Commercial Maple Syrup Producers in Wisconsin
Authors: Hershberger Scott , Shaw Bret , Gorby Tricia , Solin Jeremy , Robinson Patrick , Tiles Kris , Cook Chad , Chang Chen-Ting 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Maple syrup production can provide significant value to rural economies and contribute to the long-term sustainability of forest ecosystems. Producers’ experiences vary based on their type of sugaring operation, so foresters, Extension educators, and equipment suppliers can more effectively support the expansion of maple syrup production if they tailor their outreach to the needs of each type of producer. Drawing on a survey of Wisconsin maple syrup producers (n = 657), this study compares the motivations, confidence in forest management knowledge, interests in learning, interests in new behaviors, desire to expand, and barriers to expansion among three groups of maple syrup producers: non-commercial, small commercial, and large commercial producers. Most producers were motivated by spending time in nature, and as might be expected, commercial producers were more motivated by finances than non-commercial producers. All three groups expressed interest in forest health management. The producers most interested in expansion were those who already sell for income, who are motivated by finances, who have fewer seasons of experience, and are newer woodland owners. Key barriers to expansion included efficient sap collection and a lack of time for non-commercial and small commercial producers, while workforce availability and a lack of capital were key barriers to expansion for both groups of commercial producers. Based on these results, we provide recommendations for audience segmentation strategies to support maple syrup producers through education, marketing, and research.
Forecasting the groundwater scenario in Punjab: An ARIMA modelling
Authors: Singh Taptej , Singh Narinder Deep 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper assessed the extent of groundwater exploitation and predict its future scenario in Punjab using the ARIMA modelling technique. The district-wise estimates of the groundwater table of Punjab state were derived from the block-wise information on net annual groundwater availability, net annual draft, groundwater table and stage of groundwater development. Furthermore, the forecasting had been done primarily based on an Expert Modeller of the ARIMA modelling technique. The results concluded that based on the trends of groundwater depletion in the past five decades, the over-exploited groundwater region of the Punjab state has doubled. This scenario of groundwater over-exploitation is due to increased demand for irrigation water in concern of increase in crop intensity and rice-wheat monoculture, as the surface water resources were limited and have deteriorated over time. Further, the ARIMA modelling of the groundwater table had forecasted a major decline in the groundwater table in Sangrur, Patiala, Moga, Fatehgarh Sahib, Ludhiana and Kapurthala districts of Punjab with the increase in time.