bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retroflexed catheter course reduces the risk of right free wall accessory pathway recurrence
Authors: Przybylski Robert , DeWitt Elizabeth S. , Meziab Omar , Gauvreau Kimberlee , Dionne Audrey , O'Leary Edward T. , Alexander Mark E. , Walsh Edward P. , Mah Douglas Y. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionAccessory atrioventricular pathways (APs) may mediate atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia and, in some cases, have the potential to conduct atrial tachycardia rapidly, which can be life threatening. While catheter ablation can be curative, ablation of right free wall APs is associated with a high rate of recurrence, likely secondary to reduced catheter stability along the right free wall atrioventricular groove. We sought to identify characteristics associated with a lower rate of recurrence and hypothesized ablation lesions placed on the ventricular side of the atrioventricular groove using a retroflexed catheter approach would decrease rates of recurrence.Methods and ResultsRetrospective chart review of patients who underwent catheter ablation of a right free wall AP from January 1, 2008 through June 1, 2021 with >2 months follow up. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify relationships between predictor variables and AP recurrence. We identified 95 patients who underwent ablation of 98 right free wall APs. Median age was 13.1 years and median weight at ablation was 52.3 kg. Overall, 23/98 (23%) APs recurred. Use of a retroflexed catheter course approaching the atrioventricular groove from the ventricular aspect was associated with reduced risk of AP recurrence with (univariable hazard ratio of 0.10 [95% confidence interval: 0.01–0.78]), which remained significant in multiple two variable Cox proportional hazards models.ConclusionUse of a retroflexed catheter course is associated with a reduced likelihood of AP recurrence. This approach results in improved catheter stability and should be considered for ablation of right free wall APs.
Novel algorithms improve arrhythmia detection accuracy in insertable cardiac monitors
Authors: Gopinathannair Rakesh , Shehata Michael M. , Afzal Muhammad R. , Manyam Harish , Qu Fujian , Badie Nima , Dawoud Fady , Ryu Kyungmoo , Katcher Michael S. , Lakkireddy Dhanunjaya 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionInsertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are commonly used to diagnose cardiac arrhythmias. False detections in the latest ICM systems remain an issue, primarily due to inaccurate R‐wave sensing. New discrimination algorithms were developed and tested to reduce false detections of atrial fibrillation (AF), pause, and tachycardia episodes in ICMs.MethodsStored electrograms (EGMs) of AF, pause, and tachycardia episodes detected by Abbott Confirm Rx™ ICMs were extracted from the Merlin.net™ Patient Care Network, and manually adjudicated to establish independent training and testing datasets. New discrimination algorithms were developed to reject false episodes due to inaccurate R‐wave sensing, P‐wave identification, and R–R interval patterns. The performance of these new algorithms was quantified by false positive reduction (FPR) and true positive maintenance (TPM), relative to the existing algorithms.ResultsThe new AF detection algorithm was trained on 5911 EGMs from 744 devices, resulting in 66.9% FPR and 97.8% TPM. In the testing data set of 1354 EGMs from 119 devices, this algorithm achieved 45.8% FPR and 97.0% TPM. The new pause algorithm was trained on 7178 EGMs from 1490 devices, resulting in 70.9% FPR and 98.7% TPM. In the testing data set of 1442 EGMs from 340 devices, this algorithm achieved 74.4% FPR and 99.3% TPM. The new tachycardia algorithm was trained on 520 EGMs from 204 devices, resulting in 57.0% FPR and 96.6% TPM. In the testing data set of 459 EGMs from 237 devices, this algorithm achieved 57.9% FPR and 96.5% TPM.ConclusionThe new algorithms substantially reduced false AF, pause, and tachycardia episodes while maintaining the majority of true arrhythmia episodes detected by the Abbott ICM algorithms that exist today. Implementing these algorithms in the next‐generation ICM systems may lead to improved detection accuracy, in‐clinic efficiency, and device battery longevity.
GNG4, as a potential predictor of prognosis, is correlated with immune infiltrates in colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Juan , Wang Yanshuang , Zhou Jiaming , Cai Mengmeng , Guo Peng , Du Tongde , Zhang Hui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe tumour microenvironment (TME) and immunosuppression play an important role in colon cancer (CC) metastasis, which seriously affects the prognosis of CC. G protein subunit gamma 4 (GNG4) has been shown to participate in tumour progression and the tumour mutation burden (TMB) in colorectal cancer. However, the effect of GNG4 on the CC TME and immunology remains elusive. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was employed for screening aberrantly expressed genes associated with the immune score, and GNG4 was then selected through prognostic and immune correlation analysis. Based on RNA sequencing data obtained from the TCGA and GEO databases, the expression pattern and immune characteristics of GNG4 were comprehensively examined using a pan‐cancer analysis. Upregulation of GNG4 was linked to an adverse prognosis and immune inhibitory phenotype in CC. Pan‐cancer analysis demonstrated higher GNG4 expression in tumours than in paired normal tissue in human cancers. GNG4 expression was closely related to prognosis, TMB, immune checkpoints (ICPs), microsatellite instability (MSI) and neoantigens. GNG4 promoted CC cell proliferation, migration and invasion and participated in immune regulation in the TME. Significantly, GNG4 expression was found to negatively correlate with tumour‐infiltrating immune cells, ICP, TMB and MSI in CC. GNG4 expression predicted the immunotherapy response in the IMvigor210 cohort, suggesting that GNG4 could be used as a potential biomarker in CC for prognostication and immunology. Moreover, the expression of GNG4 predicted the immunotherapy response of ICB in CC.
Quantifying disparate questioning of Black and White jurors in capital jury selection
Authors: Effenberger Anna , Blume John H. , Wells Martin T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNumerous studies have demonstrated that female and Black jurors are under‐represented on juries in criminal cases, especially so when the prosecution seeks the death penalty. The primary, but not exclusive, way in which this happens is that prosecutors remove them from the jury pool through the exercise of peremptory challenges. The practice remains widespread despite the Supreme Court's decision more than 30 years ago holding that using such challenges in a racially (or gender based) discriminatory manner violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. In the years since, enforcement by the Supreme Court and state and federal courts has been uneven. However, in several recent cases, in finding that prosecutors struck Black venire persons because of their race, the Supreme Court relied in part on evidence that the prosecution questioned Black and White venire persons differently. The legal term of art for this practice is “disparate questioning.”
Distinguishing digitization and digitalization: A systematic review and conceptual framework
Authors: Gradillas Maria , Thomas Llewellyn D. W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith increasing interest in how digital technology impacts innovation, the constructs “digitization” and “digitalization” have become popular. However, different conceptualizations have emerged resulting in conceptual overlap and little definitional consensus. To understand how these two constructs have been used within innovation management, we systematically review both constructs and identify 26 different definitions used for both, underscoring the need for greater precision. Building from our systematic review, we synthesize and integrate these findings to derive clear and parsimonious definitions of digitization and digitalization and propose a conceptual framework that systematically links both constructs with existing innovation scholarship. We then discuss the implications of our framework on theories of the process of innovation and digital transformation. We recommend future research into digital design principles, digital product life cycle, knowledge accumulation, generativity, and the feedback dynamics within our framework. We also provide practitioner implications and limitations.
Relationship Between Self‐Compassion and Turnover Intention Among Early Career Nurses in Japan1
Authors: Sugawara Daichi , Mizuno Masashi , Tani Shujiro , Fukiya Kazuyo , Sato Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between self‐compassion and turnover intention among early career nurses in Japan, as well as the mediating effects of nursing job stress, burnout, and work engagement. A total of 326 nurses, with over 5 years of experience, participated in a web‐based survey. Structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the relationship between self‐compassion and other factors related to turnover. Self‐compassion, job stress, burnout, work engagement, and turnover intention were assessed using the Japanese Burnout Scale, Nursing Job Stressor Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Self‐Compassion Scale. The model fit indices showed acceptable estimates. Self‐compassion was negatively associated with nursing job stress and burnout and positively associated with work engagement. Moreover, conflict with other nursing staff and quantitative work were positively associated with burnout, whereas qualitative work was negatively associated with work engagement. However, nursing role conflict was negatively associated with burnout and positively associated with work engagement. Burnout predicted turnover intention, whereas work engagement did not. Thus, increasing self‐compassion may reduce stress among early career nurses and reduce turnover intention.
Perioperative management of infant inguinal hernia surgery; a review of the recent literature
Authors: Taverner Fiona , Krishnan Prakash , Baird Robert , von Ungern‐Sternberg Britta S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInguinal hernia surgery is one of the most common electively performed surgeries in infants. The common nature of inguinal hernia combined with the high‐risk population involving a predominance of preterm infants makes this a particular area of interest for those concerned with their perioperative care. Despite a large volume of literature in the area of infant inguinal hernia surgery, there remains much debate amongst anesthetists, surgeons and neonatologists regarding the optimal perioperative management of these patients. The questions asked by clinicians include; when should the surgery occur, how should the surgery be performed (open or laparoscopic), how should the anesthesia be conducted, including regional versus general anesthesia and airway devices used, and what impact does anesthesia choice have on the developing brain? There is a paucity of evidence in the literature on the concerns, priorities or goals of the parents or caregivers but clearly their opinions do and should matter. In this article we review the current clinical surgical and anesthesia practice and evidence for infants undergoing inguinal hernia surgery to help clinicians answer these questions.
The tomato calcium‐permeable channel 4.1 (SlOSCA4.1) is a susceptibility factor for pepino mosaic virus
Authors: Ruiz‐Ramón Fabiola , Rodríguez‐Sepúlveda Pascual , Bretó Pau , Donaire Livia , Hernando Yolanda , Aranda Miguel A. 
Published: July 2023

SummaryThe hyperosmolality‐gated calcium permeable channel 4.1 (OSCA4.1) belongs to an evolutionarily conserved small family of mechano‐sensitive channels. OSCA members may represent key players in plant resistance to drought and to pathogen infection but are scarcely studied. After screening for resistance to pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) a collection of 1000 mutagenized tomato families, we identified a mutant showing no symptoms and reduced virus accumulation. Resistance was mapped to chromosome 2 between positions 46 309 531 to 47 044 163, where a missense mutation caused the putative truncation of the OSCA4.1 protein. A CRISPR/Cas9 slosca4.1 mutant was resistant to PepMV, but not to tobacco mosaic virus or potato virus X. Inoculation of mutant and wild type tomato protoplasts showed that resistance was expressed in single cells, suggesting a role for SlOSCA4.1 in early viral function(s); congruently, SlOSCA4.1 re‐localized to structures reminiscent of viral replication complexes. We propose that SlOSCA4.1 contributes to the correct regulation of the Ca2+ homeostasis necessary for optimal PepMV infection. PepMV is a pandemic virus that causes significant losses in tomato crops worldwide. In spite of its importance, no tomato‐resistant varieties have been deployed yet; the mutant identified here has great potential to breed tomato varieties resistant to PepMV.
Comparative genomics of the medicinal plants Lonicera macranthoides and L. japonica provides insight into genus genome evolution and hederagenin‐based saponin biosynthesis
Authors: Yin Xiaojian , Xiang Yaping , Huang Feng‐Qing , Chen Yahui , Ding Hengwu , Du Jinfa , Chen Xiaojie , Wang Xiaoxiao , Wei Xinru , Cai Yuan‐Yuan , Gao Wen , Guo Dongshu , Alolga Raphael N. , Kan Xianzhao , Zhang Baolong , Alejo‐Jacuinde Gerardo , Li Ping , Tran Lam‐Son Phan , Herrera‐Estrella Luis , Lu Xu , Qi Lian‐Wen 
Published: July 2023

SummaryLonicera macranthoides (LM) and L. japonica (LJ) are medicinal plants widely used in treating viral diseases, such as COVID‐19. Although the two species are morphologically similar, their secondary metabolite profiles are significantly different. Here, metabolomics analysis showed that LM contained ~86.01 mg/g hederagenin‐based saponins, 2000‐fold higher than LJ. To gain molecular insights into its secondary metabolite production, a chromosome‐level genome of LM was constructed, comprising 9 pseudo‐chromosomes with 40 097 protein‐encoding genes. Genome evolution analysis showed that LM and LJ were diverged 1.30–2.27 million years ago (MYA). The two plant species experienced a common whole‐genome duplication event that occurred ∼53.9–55.2 MYA before speciation. Genes involved in hederagenin‐based saponin biosynthesis were arranged in clusters on the chromosomes of LM and they were more highly expressed in LM than in LJ. Among them, oleanolic acid synthase (OAS) and UDP‐glycosyltransferase 73 (UGT73) families were much more highly expressed in LM than in LJ. Specifically, LmOAS1 was identified to effectively catalyse the C‐28 oxidation of β‐Amyrin to form oleanolic acid, the precursor of hederagenin‐based saponin. LmUGT73P1 was identified to catalyse cauloside A to produce α‐hederin. We further identified the key amino acid residues of LmOAS1 and LmUGT73P1 for their enzymatic activities. Additionally, comparing with collinear genes in LJ, LmOAS1 and LmUGT73P1 had an interesting phenomenon of ‘neighbourhood replication’ in LM genome. Collectively, the genomic resource and candidate genes reported here set the foundation to fully reveal the genome evolution of the Lonicera genus and hederagenin‐based saponin biosynthetic pathway.
Quality of athlete screening for high‐risk cardiovascular conditions—A systematic review
Authors: Panhuyzen‐Goedkoop Nicole M. , Verbeek André L. M. , Goedkoop René J. , Malekzadeh Arjan , Wilde Arthur A. M. , Peters Ron J. G. , Jørstad Harald T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSudden cardiac death (SCD) is the leading medical cause of death in athletes. To prevent SCD, screening for high‐risk cardiovascular conditions (HRCC) is recommended. Screening strategies are based on a limited number of studies and expert consensus. However, evidence and efficacy of athlete HRCC screening is unclear.ObjectiveTo determine methodological quality and quality of evidence of athlete screening, and screening efficacy to detect HRCC in a systematic review.MethodsWe performed a systematic search of Medline, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library up to June 2021. We included articles containing original data of athlete cardiovascular screening, providing details of screening strategies, test results and HRCC detection. We assessed methodological quality of the included articles by QUADAS‐2, quality of evidence of athlete HRCC screening by GRADE, and athlete HRCC screening efficacy by SWiM.ResultsOf 2720 citations, we included 33 articles (1991–2018), comprising 82 417 athletes (26.7% elite, 73.4% competitive, 21.7% women, 75.2% aged ≤35). Methodological quality was ‘very low’ (33 articles), caused by absence of data blinding and inappropriate statistical analysis. Quality of evidence was ‘very low’ (33 articles), due to observational designs and population heterogeneity. Screening efficacy could not be reliably established. The prevalence of HRCC was 0.43% with false positive rate (FPR) 13.0%.ConclusionsMethodological quality and quality of evidence on athlete screening are suboptimal. Efficacy could not be reliably established. The prevalence of screen detected HRCC was very low and FPR high. Given the limitations of the evidence, individual recommendations need to be prudent.
Does online social support uniquely buffer effects of stress during the COVID‐19 pandemic?: A natural experiment
Authors: Eamiello Madison L. , Reid Allecia E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn‐person sources of social support buffer effects of stress on mental health. However, online social support inconsistently demonstrates stress‐buffering effects. Highly stressful circumstances, such as the first month of COVID‐19 lockdown, may be necessary to benefit from support received from online networks. We investigated whether online support demonstrated an increased stress‐buffering effect on depressive symptoms during the first month of COVID‐19 lockdown. We collected cross‐sectional data on three distinct groups of participants from February to April 2020—preceding lockdown (pre‐COVID; n = 53), up to four weeks following university closures (initial lockdown; n = 136), and the final weeks of the semester (later lockdown; n = 127). Initial lockdown participants reported significantly more stress than pre‐COVID but not later lockdown participants. The online social support by stress by COVID phase interaction was only significant for the initial versus later lockdown comparison. Online support buffered stress during initial lockdown but not later lockdown. Stress‐buffering effects of offline support were observed and did not depend on COVID phase. Online support may only buffer stress when stress is heightened and offline support is less available.
Comparative optimism and well‐being during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Hua Jacqueline , Howell Jennifer L. , Johnson Angela E. , Meese William B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPast research suggests that being comparatively optimistic about one's risk for disease is associated with benefits to mental health, such as lowered stress and anxiety. However, few studies have longitudinally examined whether comparative optimism has the same protective benefits during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The current study examined levels of comparative optimism, changes in comparative optimism over time, and the association between comparative optimism and COVID‐related mental and physical health outcomes among a US adult sample during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Participants completed online surveys at four timepoints, over the course of four weeks in May and June of 2020. Results from paired‐samples t‐tests revealed that comparative optimism was present, such that participants estimated their risk for COVID‐19 as being significantly lower than that of others their age and sex. Results from linear mixed models suggested that people who were more comparatively optimistic reported lower anxiety, depression, and stress. However, at times when people were more comparatively optimistic, they also reported greater depression and poorer sleep quality. Together, the findings suggest that the relationship between comparative optimism and health may be more complex than previously anticipated and further research is needed to examine the potential pathways through which comparative optimism affects health.
Understanding digital services in GVCs: An extended gravity model through the lens of network analysis
Authors: Blázquez Leticia , Díaz‐Mora Carmen , González‐Díaz Belén 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCountries are increasingly incorporating foreign digital services in their exports, creating new and complex interdependencies between economies, which suggests a new channel for the expansion of global value chains (GVCs). To better understand how these new and complex interdependencies are evolving, we apply a novel methodological framework. First, using social network analysis methodology, we calculate several indicators that capture these complex network interdependencies. Second, we include these indicators in the second stage of a two‐step gravity model that explains (in the first step) dyadic trade flows of embodied digital services. Our motivation for this two‐stage approach is to avoid difficulties that traditional gravity models have in incorporating complex network interdependencies. Our empirical results suggest statistically significant effects of such interdependencies in the embodied digital services trade flows.
Intralesional amphotericin B in a cat with cutaneous protothecosis
Authors: Roldán Villalobos Wendie , Ferreira Tássia , Gmyterco Vanessa , Bastos Renata , Bacher Louise , Jagielski Tomasz , Ribeiro Márcio , Farias Marconi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA domestic cat was presented with nodular lesions on the nose/muzzle and pinnae. Protothecosis was diagnosed through cytological and histopathological examination, and culture. Molecular identification confirmed Prototheca wickerhamii infection. Intralesional application of amphotericin B in conjunction with oral terbinafine resulted in a significant reduction of the nasal lesion and complete resolution of the pinnal lesion, without adverse effects.