bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust forecast superiority testing with an application to assessing pools of expert forecasters
Authors: Corradi Valentina , Jin Sainan , Swanson Norman R. 
Published: February 2023

SummaryWe develop forecast superiority tests that are robust to the choice of loss function by following Jin, Corradi and Swanson (JCS: 2017), and relying on a mapping between generic loss forecast evaluation and stochastic dominance principles. However, unlike JCS tests, which are not uniformly valid and are correctly sized only under the least favorable case, our tests are uniformly asymptotically valid and non‐conservative. To show this, we establish uniform convergence of HAC variance estimators. Monte Carlo experiments indicate good finite sample performance of our tests, and an empirical illustration suggests that prior forecast accuracy matters in the Survey of Professional Forecasters.
USP53 Regulates Bone Homeostasis by Controlling Rankl Expression in Osteoblasts and Bone Marrow Adipocytes
Authors: Hariri Hadla , Kose Orhun , Bezdjian Aren , Daniel Sam J. , St-Arnaud René 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTIn the skeleton, osteoblasts and osteoclasts synchronize their activities to maintain bone homeostasis and integrity. Investigating the molecular mechanisms governing bone remodeling is critical and helps understand the underlying biology of bone disorders. Initially, we have identified the ubiquitin-specific peptidase gene (Usp53) as a target of the parathyroid hormone in osteoblasts and a regulator of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Mutations in USP53 have been linked to a constellation of developmental pathologies. However, the role of Usp53 in bone has never been visited. Here we show that Usp53 null mice have a low bone mass phenotype in vivo. Usp53 null mice exhibit a pronounced decrease in trabecular bone indices including trabecular bone volume (36%) and trabecular number (26%) along with an increase in trabecular separation (13%). Cortical bone parameters are also impacted, showing a reduction in cortical bone volume (12%) and cortical bone thickness (15%). As a result, the strength and mechanical bone properties of Usp53 null mice have been compromised. At the cellular level, the ablation of Usp53 perturbs bone remodeling, augments osteoblast-dependent osteoclastogenesis, and increases osteoclast numbers. Bone marrow adipose tissue volume increased significantly with age in Usp53-deficient mice. Usp53 null mice displayed increased serum receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) levels, and Usp53-deficient osteoblasts and bone marrow adipocytes have increased expression of Rankl. Mechanistically, USP53 regulates Rankl expression by enhancing the interaction between VDR and SMAD3. This is the first report describing the function of Usp53 during skeletal development. Our results put Usp53 in display as a novel regulator of osteoblast–osteoclast coupling and open the door for investigating the involvement of USP53 in pathologies. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory effects of genistein in Staphylococcus aureus induced osteomyelitis in rats
Authors: Guo Xinyi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a highly infectious Gram‐positive pathogen known to cause severe diseases such as endocarditis, food poisoning, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, and septicemia. MRSA is a major public health issue. Among these, osteomyelitis is inflammation of the bone caused by the invasion of the bacterial pathogen in the bones. Its prominent symptoms include fever, pain, and redness of bones. In the case of children, it affects the long bones of arms and legs, whereas in the case of adults it affects the hip, feet, and spine. Bacterial osteomyelitis can trigger pathological remodeling of bones and hence causes substantial morbidity and mortality. The present study aims to evaluate the isoflavone genistein's (5,7‐dihydroxy‐3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)−4H‐1‐benzopyran‐4‐one,4′,5,7 trihydroxyisoflavone) antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory effects against osteomyelitis induced by MRSA in male Wistar rats. Classification of the animals was into the following: sham (Group I), osteomyelitis (Group II, control), genistein (25 mg/kg body weight, Group III), and genistein (50 mg/kg body weight, Group IV). The rats did not receive any treatment for 4 weeks after bacterial inoculation. Genistein was then administered twice daily for 2 weeks. Bacterial growth, mean body weight bone infection status, and side effects of genistein treatment were assessed. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione (GSH) peroxidase, catalase, reduced GSH, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and interleukin (IL)‐6 were also determined. Two days after treatment, it was found that genistein significantly suppressed bacterial growth and reduced serum pro‐inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and IL‐6. Therefore, the study suggests that genistein could be a promising lead against MRSA‐induced osteomyelitis.
Synthesis of zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 modified graphene oxide composite and its application for lead removal
Authors: Ahmad Siti Zu Nurain , Salleh Wan Norharyati Wan , Yusop Mohd Zamri Mohd , Hamdan Rafidah , Aziz Farhana , Awang Nor Asikin , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe removal of lead ions (Pb2+) from industrial wastewater can be achieved using adsorption technology. Composites of zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) and graphene oxide (GO) were prepared via room temperature synthesis (RTS) using RO water as the solvent and by mixing GO with separated parts of ZIF‐8 precursors before its combination. Three weight percentages of GO, 10wt%, 30wt% and 50wt%, were used to synthesize ZGH10, ZGH30 and ZGH50 to determine optimum preparation and application conditions.ResultsZGH30 showed the most outstanding performance as an adsorbent for Pb2+ removal from aqueous solution. As captured by field emission scanning electron microscopy image, ZGH30 showed an adequate amount of ZIF‐8 grown on all surfaces of thr GO sheet, with an appropriate exposure of GO sheet layers for further Pb2+ interaction. The Pb2+ adsorption test revealed that ZGH30 obtained the optimum operating values between pH 5 and 6, using 10 mg dosage and it could remove ≤97% of 100 mg L−1 Pb2+. Additionally, ZGH30 achieved the most rapid equilibrium time within 10 min, similar to ZGH50, as compared to their individual components, ZIF‐8 (240 min) and GO (300 min). The mechanism of Pb2+ adsorption fitted well with a Langmuir isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacities obtained through Langmuir isotherm were 200, 454.55, 476.19, 555.56 and 454.55 mg g−1, for GO, ZH, ZGH10, ZGH30 and ZGH50, respectively.ConclusionsTherefore, ZGH30 hybrid successfully unleashed its potential as the adsorbent for wastewater treatment technology with improved performance after modification. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
経カテーテル動脈塞栓術にて止血を得た後に胆嚢摘出術を施行した十二指腸潰瘍胆嚢動脈穿通の1例(A case of duodenal ulcer eroding into the cystic artery underwent cholecystectomy after treating with transcatheter artery embolization)
Authors: 太一朗 上田 , 一樹 益子 , 比呂志 安松 , 裕 船木 , 真梨子 山本 , 義明 原 , 將司 横堀 
Published: February 2023

要旨出血性十二指腸潰瘍の主たる責任動脈は，胃十二指腸動脈および上腸間膜動脈から分枝する膵十二指腸動脈系である。今回我々は，十二指腸潰瘍が胆嚢動脈へ穿通し，血管内治療を要した稀な1例を経験したため報告する。症例は70歳代の男性。遠位胆管癌による閉塞性黄疸のため前医入院中に，出血性十二指腸潰瘍と急性腎不全を併発し集中治療目的に当院へ紹介となった。前医で十二指腸球部の露出血管に内視鏡的クリッピング術が施行されていたが，完全な止血は得られていなかった。当院搬入後の緊急内視鏡でも多量の血餅の存在から視野が確保できず，血管造影を施行した。上腸間膜動脈，胃十二指腸動脈造影では血管外漏出像を認めず，胆嚢動脈造影で十二指腸内腔まで造影される血管外漏出像を認め，NBCAを用いて塞栓し止血を得た。凝固障害を呈しており，止血術と輸血により凝固能を改善させた後，第2病日に胆嚢摘出術および十二指腸潰瘍部穿孔に対する大網充填術を施行した。術後全身状態の安定化を得た後に，遠位胆管癌に対する加療目的に第19病日に消化器外科へ転科した。本症例の責任病変は十二指腸の栄養血管ではなく，隣接する胆嚢の栄養血管であった。胆嚢動脈が出血性十二指腸潰瘍の責任動脈であることは稀である。胆嚢動脈からの出血は内視鏡止血が困難であり，血管内治療と手術を前提とした治療戦略の構築が有用である。
ドクターヘリの機内環境でMRSAを認めるか？(Can methicillin–resistant Staphylococcus aureus be found in the environment of a physician–staffed helicopter emergency medical service?)
Authors: 治郎 高橋 , 紳語 世良 , 貴博 井上 , 聡美 宮本 , 太輔 上野 , 祐樹 稲吉 , 泰和 椎野 
Published: February 2023

要旨【目的】ドクターヘリは数多くの患者を搬送し，限られた空間に患者，資機材を載せるため接触感染の可能性が高い環境であるにも関わらず，機内での細菌学的環境調査の報告はない。今回，ドクターヘリ機内で院内感染の主要な原因菌かつ接触感染であるmethicillin–resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）を対象とした高頻度接触表面の環境調査を行った。【対象】2020年5月から2021年4月の間で，当施設で使用するドクターヘリ機内の高頻度接触箇所を中心に2回に分けて合計86か所の擦過検体を採取し，細菌培養を行った。【結果】ドクターヘリ機内からBacillus属，Arthrobacter属，Flavimonas属，Pantoea属，Pseudomonas属などの環境菌や土壌菌を中心とした菌を検出したがMRSAは検出されなかった。MRSAは医療スタッフの靴底1検体のみから検出した。【結語】現在行っている環境消毒の一定の効果が示唆された。ドクターヘリで搬送した患者の安全確保のためには，病院内と同様に接触感染予防に努める必要があると考えられる。
周産期の危機的病態にVA–ECMOを導入し良好な結果を得た3例(Three peripartum patients in critical condition successfully treated with extracorporeal circulation)
Authors: 広一 大西 , 恒 鹿野 , 千世佳 小齊平 , 薫 戸田 , 隆嗣 前田 , 正人 上塘 , 秀明 吉原 
Published: February 2023

要旨周産期において急激に循環虚脱へ陥った産科救急3例に対して体外循環を導入し良好な結果を得た。3例はそれぞれ肺血栓塞栓症による呼吸循環不全，羊水塞栓症による肺水腫，周産期心筋症による心不全であった。うち1例は帝王切開後の子宮出血が止まらないなかでvenoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation（VA–ECMO）を使用し，子宮摘出術を行った。もう1例はVA–ECMO導入後に緊急帝王切開を行った。3例とも危機的病態であったにもかかわらず神経学的異常はほとんどなく母児ともに良好な転帰を得ることができたが，うち2例の体外循環は標準的な妊産婦の蘇生治療ではないため今後の症例の集積が待たれる。急変した妊産婦の救命ならびに神経学的転帰の改善のためには，カンファレンスやシミュレーションによる母体救命システムについての意思統一が有効である。さらには，地域の産婦人科医，周産期センターと救命救急センターが日頃から産科救急に柔軟に協働し，必要に応じて循環虚脱や重症呼吸不全に対して迅速に体外循環を導入できる体制が重要である。
RSV‐CLASS —Clinical Assessment Severity Score: An easy‐to‐use clinical disease severity score for respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized children
Authors: Gsenger Julia , Bruckner Thomas , Ihling Clara Marlene , Rehbein Rebecca Marie , Schnee Sarah Valerie , Hoos Johannes , Manuel Britta , Pfeil Johannes , Schnitzler Paul , Tabatabai Julia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of acute respiratory tract infection in infants and young children often leading to severe disease requiring hospitalization. However, validated tools for systematic assessment of disease severity are lacking. This study aimed at creating and validating a standardized, simple‐to‐use disease severity score for RSV infection in children—the RSV‐CLASS (Clinical Assessment Severity Score). Therefore, data from over 700 RSV‐infected children over six winter seasons (2014–2020) was analyzed using univariate and multiple regression analyses for the prediction of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) as a proxy for a severe course of the disease. Testing a broad range of respiratory symptoms, they eventually yielded seven items. Performing stepwise selection, these were reduced to the final four items: cough, tachypnea, rales, and wheezing, each receiving one point in the proposed score named RSV‐CLASS. The score was calculated for children in two cohorts A and B, one for development and one for validation, with an area under the curve of 0.90 and 0.87, respectively. With a score value of 3 or 4, 97.8% and 100% of the children, respectively, were admitted with LRTI and classified correctly. The RSV‐CLASS is a disease severity score based on a neutral, analytical approach using prospective data from a large study cohort. It will contribute to systematically assessing the disease severity of RSV infection and can be used for evidence‐based clinical decision‐making as well as for research settings.
Social support and treatment utilization for posttraumatic stress disorder: Examining reciprocal relations among active duty service members
Authors: Jaffe Anna E. , Walton Thomas O. , Walker Denise D. , Kaysen Debra L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEvidence‐based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are underutilized by active duty service members in the United States. Social support may help service members overcome avoidance and facilitate treatment utilization. In turn, treatment utilization may improve social support. To evaluate these possibilities, the aim of the current study was to examine potential reciprocal associations between social support and treatment utilization among service members. Secondary analyses were conducted on a randomized controlled trial of 161 U.S. military service members with PTSD. Participants completed assessments of perceived social support and attendance at individual therapy sessions at baseline and 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐ups. To determine reciprocal relations between social support and treatment utilization, a Bayesian approach was used to estimate a random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel model with a two‐part variable for treatment utilization (i.e., any therapy, and if so, dose). There were no between‐person associations between average social support and treatment utilization. One prospective cross‐lagged within‐person association emerged as significant: social support at 3 months was negatively associated with any therapy use at 6 months; the model explained 26.1% of the variance in this observed variable. The findings revealed that low social support promoted subsequent treatment utilization, but such treatment did not lead to changes in social support. This suggests service members with PTSD may have been motivated to attend individual therapy in pursuit of social connection and support. Future research is needed to determine if reciprocal associations between various forms of social support and therapy utilization differ by treatment modality.
Response of heterotrophic respiration to vegetation restoration in a karst area of SW China
Authors: Li Dandan , Li Xingchun , Du Xianyuan , Zhang Xinyu , Wang Jing , Dungait Jennifer A. J. , Quine Timothy A. , Green Sophie M. , Wen Xuefa , Yang Yang , Guo Zhiming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Grain‐for‐Green Program in China aims to restore sloping karst cropland severely degraded by intensive agriculture to secondary forest. Heterotrophic respiration (Rh) is a major process of carbon release from soils and is associated with the sequestration of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, we still do not have a comprehensive understanding of Rh and what drives it along soil profile horizons during the natural vegetative recovery process in typical karst soils. We investigated the responses of Rh (C release per gram of soil) and specific Rh (C release per gram of SOC) in soil horizons from the soil surface to bedrock at the different vegetation recovery stages in a karst region. Coincident soil microbial properties (e.g., bacterial and fungal abundance, total microbial biomass, potential enzyme activities) and physicochemical properties were quantified. Vegetation restoration after cropland abandonment significantly increased Rh rates due to increased soil nutrients and microbial biomass, bacterial abundances, and hydrolase activities (all, p < 0.05). The rates of Rh enhanced in sloping cropland (SC) from the soil surface to bedrock but reduced in the recovering stages (ASC: abandoned sloping cropland and SF: secondary forest) and primary forest (PF). The specific Rh between SF (1.34 mg CO2‐C g−1 SOC d−1) and PF (1.32 mg CO2‐C g−1 SOC d−1) were not significantly different but both of them were greater than those in SC (0.79 mg CO2‐C g−1 SOC d−1) and ASC (0.8 mg CO2‐C g−1 SOC d−1). Soil physicochemical properties and microbial properties explained approximately 48% and 22% of the variations in Rh along vegetation recovery, respectively. Nitrogen to phosphorus stoichiometry exerted the most direct and positive effects on Rh, suggesting the importance of managing soil nutrient status to regulate carbon decomposition during vegetation recovery in karst soils. The increased microbial biomass was the most important microbial factor regulating Rh in later vegetation recovery phases. Our results provide scientific insight into the impact of vegetation restoration on Rh in degraded ecosystems, which is important for reducing carbon loss in karst soils.
Nonlinear trends of vegetation changes in different geomorphologic zones and land use types of the Yangtze River basin, China
Authors: Zhang Mingyang , Liu Huiyu , Wang Kelin , Chen Yu , Ren Yujia , Yue Yuemin , Deng Zhenhua , Zhang Chunhua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHow land use changes and geomorphologic zones impact on vegetation nonlinear trends remains unclear in economically developed areas with complicated terrain. This paper explores the nonlinear trends of vegetation changes with normalized vegetation index (NDVI) in the Yangtze River basin, China, and further analyzes the effect of geomorphologic zones and land use changes on the nonlinear trend. The results show that: (1) Although monotonic increasing is the main trend type of vegetation NDVI (32.46%), reversal trends from decreasing to increasing and from increasing to decreasing account for 11.87% and 24.95%, respectively. (2) The vegetation change is mainly monotonically increasing in low altitude and relief zones, while that is mainly a reversal trend in high altitude and relief zones, indicating an increased risk of vegetation degradation with altitude and relief increasing. (3) The trends in most land use types are mainly monotonically increasing, but those in urban, forest, and grassland are mainly from increasing to decreasing, with area percentages as high as 32.29%, 27.25%, and 35.97%, indicating degradation risk. (4) The conversion of cropland and wetland to forestland has greatly promoted the vegetation restoration. However, a risk of vegetation degradation exists in land conversions between grassland and other land use types, especially the afforestation of grassland. Over all, considering the effects of both geomorphic zones and land use changes can help us better explore the driving of the nonlinear trends of vegetation changes and understand the process of vegetation dynamics.
Thickness Determination of Ultrathin 2D Materials Empowered by Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Mao Yu , Wang Lei , Chen Chenduan , Yang Zhan , Wang Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe number of layers of 2D materials is of great significance for regulating the performance of nanoelectronic devices and optoelectronic devices, where the optimal thickness of the target sample should be determined before further physical research or device manufacturing steps. At present, a variety of different optical technologies have been proposed to determine the thickness of samples by using the relationship between the number of layers and optical properties, including optical contrast, optical imaging, Raman spectra, photoluminescence spectra, nonlinear spectra, near‐field optical imaging, ellipsometry spectra, and hyperspectral imaging. In the past decade, the rapidly growing number of 2D materials and their heterostructures has exceeded the capacity of traditional experimental and computational methods. In recent years, machine learning (ML) is emerging as a powerful tool to support such traditional methods, which brings new opportunities to tap the potential of optical technology in a more perspicacious way. The application of optical technology has greatly facilitated the acquisition of optical information of materials, while ML algorithms provide a fast, high‐throughput, and intelligent way to complete back‐end data processing and inference. A profound integration of conventional optical technologies and ML algorithms significantly helps 2D materials progress in basic studies and practical applications and further promotes industrial manufacturing.
Non‐Isocyanate Polyurethanes by Alcoholysis of Alkyl Bisurea with Li Salt‐Assisted Melting: Synthesis and Properties
Authors: Yang Yiyin , Xie Kangzhou , Tang Donglin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlcoholysis of bisureas (BUs) would be of great potential among the non‐isocyanate routes for preparing polyurethanes, if the issue of the high melting temperature and the poor solubility for BUs can be solved. In this study, it is proposed to introduce Li salt to assist the melting of BUs via a eutectic system. It is found that the melting point of BUs indeed can be reduced to 170 °C or even lower by adding 40 mol% of LiCl or LiBr. In the polymerizations of BUs with diols, it is found that ZnO nanoparticles (30 ± 10 nm) are the most efficient catalyst in the catalyst screening study. Four polyurethanes are successfully synthesized and the glass transition temperature of them is detected to be 34–45 °C. PU1010 is tougher than other polymers so that it is able to be molded. The Young's modulus of PU1010 is 195.1 MPa, while the strength and the elongation at break are 36.4 MPa and 280%, respectively. The toughness calculated is 67.3 J cm−3. This Li salt‐assisted melting strategy not only realizes the synthesis of polyurethanes through alcoholysis of BUs, but can also be extended to the synthesis of other high performance polymers.
Proline‐rich 11 (PRR11) promotes the progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by activating the EGFR signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Shengbang , Zhang Xiu , Lei Hao , Song Liumei , Huang Yingjian , Kang Tong , Zhang Mengdi , Wang Ning , Yang Pengju , Feng Shuo , Wang Jingping , Bai Ruimin , Wang Nan , Wang Wei , Zheng Yan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common skin malignancies, and its incidence rate is increasing worldwide. Proline‐rich 11 (PRR11) has been reported to be involved in the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, the role of PRR11 in cSCC remains unknown. In the present study, we observed upregulated expression of PRR11 in cSCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of PRR11 in the cSCC cell lines A431 and SCL‐1 inhibited cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest during the G1/S phase transition, promoted cell apoptosis, and reduced cell migration and invasion in vitro. Conversely, overexpression of PRR11 promoted cell proliferation, decreased cell apoptosis, and enhanced cell migration and invasion. PRR11 knockdown also inhibited cSCC tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. Mechanistic investigations by RNA sequencing revealed that 891 genes were differentially expressed genes between cells with PRR11 knockdown and control cells. Enrichment analysis of different genes showed that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway was the top enriched pathway. We further validated that PRR11 induced EGFR pathway activity, which contributed to cSCC progression. These data suggest that PRR11 may serve as a novel therapeutic target in cSCC.