bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of X-Ray Rejected Films and Image Quality in Diagnostic Radiology Departments of Teaching Hospitals in Iraq
Authors: Ali Ronak Taher 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Patients undergo repeated X-ray examinations after their initial X-ray radiographs are rejected due to poor image quality. Reject analysis in digital radiography (CR) helps guide the education and training of staff, influences department workflow, reduces patient dose and improves department efficiency. The role of reject analysis in providing relevant information that would help achieve a sound reduction in radiation exposure.Aims To assess the reasons for x-ray film rejection & to analyze reasons for deletions to improve the radiological services.Methods The data were collected from about 200 rejected films from different hospitals in Iraq from January 2021- August 2021. The reject rate, reasons for rejection for individual radiographers, examination types, and projections used a structured format on which investigators recorded relevant data for rejection. The results were then collected and entered into a database for analysis.Results 200 radiographic images were acquired and included in the analysis. Reject rate and cause of rejection were measured across all plane x-ray examinations for the hospitals in Kirkuk general hospital at 8.1%, Mosul General Hospital at 13.9%, and Al-Jumhory Hospital at 6.4%. Study cases and (appointment) 16.1%, Mass & Kv with positioning error 3.7%. The examinations with the highest percentage of deleted images were the chest, lumber spine & knee joints, 13.2%, 3.2% & 1,7%, respectively.Conclusions Creating awareness among the student reduces the overall reject rate. The outcome of this study can be used to set up training programs to improve radiological services and reduce unnecessary radiation exposure to patients.
Psychometric evaluation of the MENQOL instrument in women experiencing vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause
Authors: Schultz Neil M. , Morga Antonia , Siddiqui Emad , Rhoten Stephanie E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:

Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) associated with menopause can negatively affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) questionnaire has been developed to assess QOL specific to menopause. The objective of the current study was to assess the psychometric properties, sensitivity to change, and clinically meaningful within-patient change of the MENQOL using data from the fezolinetant SKYLIGHT 1 and 2 studies in individuals with VMS.

Methods:

Individuals aged ≥40–≤65 years with moderate-to-severe VMS (≥seven hot flashes/day) were enrolled. In addition to MENQOL, eight patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures were used for the psychometric evaluation. All PRO assessments were completed at weeks 4 and 12 during the treatment period and most were completed at baseline. Psychometric analyses included factor analysis and reliability, construct validity, and sensitivity to change assessments. The within-patient threshold for a clinically meaningful change in MENQOL was derived.

Results:

In total, 1022 individuals were included from SKYLIGHT 1 and 2. Mean MENQOL total score at baseline was 4.30, improving to 2.93 at Week 12. The confirmatory factor analysis supported established MENQOL domain structure, including the overall score. The internal consistency of the MENQOL overall and domain scores was supported using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega, and MENQOL construct validity was supported for overall and domain scores. Item-to-item and item-total correlations were generally sufficient and moderate test-retest reliability was noted. The scales against which construct validity and responsiveness for MENQOL domains was examined were moderately related to the MENQOL domains in general, providing additional support for acceptable measurement properties of MENQOL in this population. A reduction in MENQOL overall score of ≥0.9 points was identified as responding to treatment (a clinically important threshold). Thresholds of 2.0 points for the Vasomotor domain and 0.9 for the Psychosocial domain were estimated, in addition to distribution-based threshold estimates of 0.8 and 1.2 for the Physical and Sexual domains, respectively.

Conclusions:

The psychometric properties of the MENQOL overall and domain scores support use of this instrument to capture experiences among individuals with moderate-to-severe VMS associated with menopause and to assess related endpoints in clinical trials.

Study registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov numbers: NCT04003155 and NCT04003142.
Optimization of Depth of Placement of Lateral for Sandy Loam Soil in Western Zone of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: - A Valliammai , - M manikandan , - M Nagarajan , - E Sujitha 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Soil moisture patterns from emitters are important for the design and management of drip irrigation systems. The soil moisture distribution pattern around a emitter depends on depth of lateral placement, emitter spacing, duration and frequency of water application, soil physical and hydraulic properties. These patterns can be obtained by direct measurements of wetting in the field, which is site specific, or by simulations using some models. Simulation of water movement in soil is very useful for optimum management of water use. Hence, the study was conducted to optimize the depth of placement of lateral in drip irrigation. Laterals were placed at 0, 15 and 30 cm below the ground level with constant lateral spacing of 1.50 m with the combination of emitter spacing of 30 and 60 cm with 2.2 and 4 LPH dripper discharge. Soil moisture distribution pattern was studied by using gravimetric method. The study revealed that wetting front in the horizontal direction started overlapping after 6 hours in lateral spaced at 15cm depth with 4 lph dripper @60 cm apart. So the layout 15 cm depth of lateral placement and60 cm @4 lph was found better than other layouts since the losses due to evaporation and percolation were minimized.
Analysis and prediction of the changes in groundwater resources under heavy precipitation and ecological water replenishment
Authors: Shi Bowen , Wan Chao , Hu Weiwu , Xu Congchao , Liu Di , Li Mingxiao , Li Rui , Feng Chuanping , Xi Beidou 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Identifying the influence of heavy precipitation and ecological water replenishment (EWR) on groundwater resources is essential for groundwater resources management and risk prevention. This study innovatively developed a groundwater resource analysis and prediction model integrated with the water level fluctuation method, correlation analysis, and machine learning method under the influence of heavy precipitation and EWR. Water level fluctuation method results showed that compared with January 1, 2021, the groundwater resources of the study area increased 4.46 × 108 m3 on August 28. Compared with small flow of EWR, heavy precipitation was the main contributor to the rise in the groundwater level. Correlation analysis found that elevation, specific yield, and permeability coefficient show positive correlations with groundwater resource recharge. Machine learning results showed that among the water level prediction models of 35 monitoring wells, extreme gradient boosting (XGB) and random forest (RF) performed best in 30 wells and five wells, respectively. The increase in groundwater storage predicted deviated from the actual value by only 0.6 × 107 m3 (prediction bias of 1.3%), indicating that the model prediction performance was good under the heavy precipitation condition. This study can help to better understand the change trend of groundwater resources under the conditions of heavy precipitation and EWR.
Water governance challenges at a local level: implementation of the OECD Water Governance Indicator Framework in the General Pueyrredon Municipality, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
Authors: Martín Velasco María José , Calderon Gabriela , Lima María Lourdes , Matencón Cecilia Lucía , Massone Héctor Enrique 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Considering that the current water crisis is largely a governance crisis, improving water governance will help to address current and future water challenges. Water governance is defined as the range of political, institutional and administrative rules, practices and processes through which decisions are taken and implemented, stakeholders can articulate their interests and have their concerns considered, and decision makers are held accountable for water management. The Water Governance Principles proposed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) contribute to the creation of tangible public policies oriented toward effectiveness, efficiency, reliability and participation. The aim of this research is to apply the OECD Water Governance Indicator Framework at a local level and to identify gaps and challenges for water governance in the General Pueyrredon Municipality (GPM), Buenos Aires Province (BAP), Argentina. This framework was used as a diagnostic tool to assess water governance policy frameworks (what), institutions (who) and instruments (how). In general terms, there is a robust legal framework, there are enforcement institutions regarding water management and there is a good connection with them. However, the main challenges identified were in the ‘how’, since most of the instruments are partly or not implemented.
Structure-property Relationships Reported for the New Drugs Approved
in 2022
Authors: Choi Kihang 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The structure–property relationship illustrates how modifying the chemical
structure of a pharmaceutical compound influences its absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion,
and other related properties. Understanding structure–property relationships of clinically approved
drugs could provide useful information for drug design and optimization strategies.

Method:
Among new drugs approved around the world in 2022, including 37 in the US, structure–
property relationships of seven drugs were compiled from medicinal chemistry literature, in which
detailed pharmacokinetic and/or physicochemical properties were disclosed not only for the final drug
but also for its key analogues generated during drug development.

Results:
The discovery campaigns for these seven drugs demonstrate extensive design and optimization
efforts to identify suitable candidates for clinical development. Several strategies have been successfully
employed, such as attaching a solubilizing group, bioisosteric replacement, and deuterium
incorporation, resulting in new compounds with enhanced physicochemical and pharmacokinetic
properties.

Conclusion:
The structure-property relationships hereby summarized illustrate how proper structural
modifications could successfully improve the overall drug-like properties. The structure–property relationships
of clinically approved drugs are expected to continue to provide valuable references and
guides for the development of future drugs.
Role of Dietary Phytochemicals in Targeting Human miRNAs for Cancer
Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Kesavan Yasodha , Srinivasan Shushrruth Sai , Pathak Surajit , Ramalingam Satish 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs - ~22 nucleotides) are a type of non-coding RNAs that are involved
in post-transcriptional gene silencing. They are known to regulate gene expression in diverse biological
processes, such as apoptosis, development, and differentiation. Several studies have demonstrated
that cancer initiation and progression are highly regulated by miRNA expression. The nutrients present
in the diet may regulate the different stages of carcinogenesis. Interestingly, plant-based foods,
like fruits and vegetables, have been shown to play a significant role in cancer prevention. Phytochemicals
are bioactive compounds derived from plant sources, and they have been shown to have antiinflammatory,
antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Recent findings suggest that dietary phytochemicals,
such as genistein, resveratrol, and curcumin, exert significant anticancer effects by regulating
various miRNAs. In this review, we focus on the role of dietary phytochemicals in cancer prevention
and treatment through the modulation of miRNA expression.
Targets and Mechanisms of Xuebijing in the Treatment of Acute Kidney
Injury Associated with Sepsis: A Network Pharmacology-based Study
Authors: Wang Jing , Luo Chengyu , Luo Mengling , Zhou Siwen , Kuang Guicheng 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Sepsis is a state of the systemic inflammatory response of the host induced
by infection, frequently affecting numerous organs and producing varied degrees of damage.
The most typical consequence of sepsis is sepsis-associated acute kidney injury(SA-AKI).
Xuebijing is developed based on XueFuZhuYu Decoction. Five Chinese herbal extracts, including
Carthami Flos, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Radix Salviae, and Angelicae
Sinensis Radix, make up the majority of the mixture. It has properties that are anti-inflammatory
and anti-oxidative stress. Xuebijing is an effective medication for the treatment of SA-AKI, according
to clinical research. But its pharmacological mechanism is still not completely understood.

Methods:
First, the composition and target information of Carthami Flos, Radix Paeoniae Rubra,
Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Radix Salviae, and Angelicae Sinensis Radix were collected from the
TCMSP database, while the therapeutic targets of SA-AKI were exported from the gene card database.
To do a GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, we first screened the key targets using a
Venn diagram and Cytoscape 3.9.1. To assess the binding activity between the active component
and the target, we lastly used molecular docking.

Results:
For Xuebijing, a total of 59 active components and 267 corresponding targets were discovered,
while for SA-AKI, a total of 1,276 targets were connected. There were 117 targets in all
that was shared by goals for active ingredients and objectives for diseases. The TNF signaling
pathway and the AGE-RAGE pathway were later found to be significant pathways for the therapeutic
effects of Xuebijing by GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis. Quercetin, luteolin, and
kaempferol were shown to target and modulate CXCL8, CASP3, and TNF, respectively, according
to molecular docking results.

Conclusion:
This study predicts the mechanism of action of the active ingredients of Xuebijing in
the treatment of SA-AKI, which provides a basis for future applications of Xuebijing and studies
targeting the mechanism.
Multi-channel Partial Graph Integration Learning of Partial Multi-omics
Data for Cancer Subtyping
Authors: Cao Qing-Qing , Zhao Jian-Ping , Zheng Chun-Hou 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The appearance of cancer subtypes with different clinical significance fully reflects
the high heterogeneity of cancer. At present, the method of multi-omics integration has become
more and more mature. However, in the practical application of the method, the omics of some samples
are missing.

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to establish a depth model that can effectively integrate and express
partial multi-omics data to accurately identify cancer subtypes.

Methods:
We proposed a novel partial multi-omics learning model for cancer subtypes, MPGIL (Multichannel
Partial Graph Integration Learning). MPGIL has two main components. Firstly, it obtains more
lateral adjacency information between samples within the omics through the multi-channel graph autoencoders
based on high-order proximity. To reduce the negative impact of missing samples, the
weighted fusion layer is introduced to replace the concatenate layer to learn the consensus representation
across multi-omics. Secondly, a classifier is introduced to ensure that the consensus representation
is representative of clustering. Finally, subtypes were identified by K-means.

Results:
This study compared MPGIL with other multi-omics integration methods on 16 datasets. The
clinical and survival results show that MPGIL can effectively identify subtypes. Three ablation experiments
are designed to highlight the importance of each component in MPGIL. A case study of AML
was conducted. The differentially expressed gene profiles among its subtypes fully reveal the high heterogeneity
of cancer.

Conclusion:
MPGIL can effectively learn the consistent expression of partial multi-omics datasets and
discover subtypes, and shows more significant performance than the state-of-the-art methods.
The Role of Non-coding RNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis,
Novel Biomarkers, and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Saleh Othman , Albakri Khaled , Altiti Abdalrahmn , Abutair Iser , Shalan Suhaib , Mohd Omar Bassam , Negida Ahmed , Mushtaq Gohar , Kamal Mohammad A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Long non-coding RNAs (IncRNAs) are regulatory RNA transcripts that have recently been
associated with the onset of many neurodegenerative illnesses, including Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Several IncRNAs have been found to be associated with AD pathophysiology, each with a distinct
mechanism. In this review, we focused on the role of IncRNAs in the pathogenesis of AD and their
potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Searching for relevant articles was done using
the PubMed and Cochrane library databases. Studies had to be published in full text in English in order
to be considered. Some IncRNAs were found to be upregulated, while others were downregulated.
Dysregulation of IncRNAs expression may contribute to AD pathogenesis. Their effects manifest as
the synthesis of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques increases, thereby altering neuronal plasticity, inducing inflammation,
and promoting apoptosis. Despite the need for more investigations, IncRNAs could potentially
increase the sensitivity of early detection of AD. Until now, there has been no effective treatment
for AD. Hence, InRNAs are promising molecules and may serve as potential therapeutic targets.
Although several dysregulated AD-associated lncRNAs have been discovered, the functional characterization
of most lncRNAs is still lacking.
ISOLASI SALMONELLA SP. DAN PREVALENSINYA PADA TEMBOLOK (INGLUVIENS) AYAM BURAS DAN AYAM RAS DI PASAR AYAM PEUNAYONG KOTA BANDA ACEH (Isolation of Salmonella sp. and Prevalence from Crops (Ingluviens) in Local Chicken and Broiler in Poultry Market Peunayong Banda Aceh)
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , . Erina , AK M. Daud , . Fakhrurrazi , Jalaluddin M. , Helmi Teuku Zahrial 
Published: May 2023

Abstract The crop is the part of the chicken's digestive tract that is more likely to break during processing. This research aimed to isolate Salmonella sp. from crop in local chickens and broiler from the Peunayong Chicken Market in Banda Aceh. Samples were swab contents of crop from 15 crops of local chickens and 15 crops of broiler. This research is a Cross sectional study with Carter method, starts with a swab of crop contents and then is inserted into the Selenite Cystine Broth (SCB) media, if the color of the media becomes orange, then followed by streaking bacteria on Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA) media. Then observed the morphology that grew on SSA media including size, shape, surface, elevation, edges, aspects and colony color, followed by Gram stain to observe bacterial morphology microscopically. The research data were analyzed descriptively, displayed in figures and tables. The results of the isolation showed that 7 from 15 samples (46%) of local chicken cropping and 15 from 15 samples (100%) of broiler were positive for Salmonella sp. Therefore, it can be concluded that Salmonella sp. can be isolated from local chicken and broiler, Salmonella sp. prevalence is higher in broiler than in local chicken.Keywords : Eviserasi; Food borne disease; Gram negatif; Zoonotic disease Abstrak Tembolok merupakan bagian saluran pencernaan ayam yang lebih mungkin pecah selama pemrosesan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi Salmonella sp. pada tembolok ayam buras dan ayam ras yang berasal dari Pasar Ayam Peunayong Kota Banda Aceh. Sampel berupa swab isi tembolok dari 15 tembolok ayam buras dan 15 tembolok ayam ras. Penelitian ini merupakan Cross sectional dengan metode Carter dimulai dari swab isi tembolok kemudian dimasukkan kedalam media Selenite Cystine Broth (SCB), apabila warna media menjadi orange dilanjutkan dengan penanaman bakteri pada media Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA). Kemudian diamati morfologi yang tumbuh pada media SSA meliputi ukuran, bentuk, permukaan, elevasi, tepi, aspek dan warna koloni, dilanjutkan dengan pewarnaan Gram untuk mengamati morfologi bakteri secara mikroskopis. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif, ditampilkan dalam bentuk gambar dan tabel. Hasil isolasi didapatkan bahwa pada 7 dari 15 (46%) sampel tembolok ayam buras dan 15 dari 15 sampel (100%) sampel tembolok ayam ras positif terdapat Salmonella sp. Oleh sebab itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Salmonella sp. dapat disolasi dari tembolok ayam buras dan ayam ras, prevalensi Salmonella sp. lebih tinggi pada ayam ras dibandingkan ayam buras.Kata kunci : Eviserasi; Food borne Disease; Gram negative; Zoonotic disease
Pengaruh Pemberian Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Spermatozoa Sapi Bali Pengaruh Pemberian Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Spermatozoa Sapi Bali
Authors: Sutriana Amalia , Siregar Tongku Nizwan , Sirait Feby Claudia , Melia Juli , . Hafizuddin 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) terhadap peningkatan kualitas spermatozoa sapi bali. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua ekor sapi bali berumur 2 dan 4 tahun dengan rancangan pola bujursangkar latin 2 perlakuan dan 2 periode perlakuan. Perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah P1 (NaCl fisiologis) dan P2 (GnRH 100 µg) dengan interval periode waktu perlakuan adalah satu minggu. Sampel semen dikoleksi menggunakan vagina buatan tiga hari setelah perlakuan. Data hasil pemeriksaan kualitas spermatozoa sapi bali dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Berdasarkan uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa pemberian GnRH 100 µg tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pemeriksaan warna, pH, konsistensi, volume, konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa sapi bali. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan bahwa warna semen pada kedua perlakuan adalah krem dan putih susu. Derajat keasaman (pH); konsistensi; volume semen (ml); konsentrasi (10⁶/ml); dan motilitas spermatozoa (%) sapi bali pada P1 vs P2 adalah 7,0±0,0 vs 7,0±0,0; 2,5±0,71 vs 3,0±0,0; 4,5±2,8 vs 4,8±2,8; 925±106,07 vs 1210±155,56; dan 69,0±1,41 vs 71,5±0,71 (P>0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian GnRH 100 µg tidak memengaruhi kualitas spermatozoa sapi bali.