bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of systemic immune-inflammatory index with in-stent restenosis in patients with and without diabetes mellitus
Authors: Deng Xunwei , Deng Qiaoting , Zhang Qunji , Hou Jingyuan 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundSystemic inflammation plays a vital role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CAD). The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has been developed as a cost-effective and practical predictor for CAD outcomes. This study aimed to determine the association between the SII and the risk of ISR among ACS patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, a total of 1,652 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from February 2015 to December 2020 and were finally enrolled after follow-up with coronary angiography. The SII was calculated based on neutrophil, platelet and lymphocyte counts. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to assess the associations between SII and ISR prevalence. Additionally, the interaction test and subgroup analysis were performed to evaluate the robustness of our findings. Furthermore, restricted cubic splines analysis was applied to visualize the relationship between the SII and the risk of ISR. Employing Spearman's rank correlation analysis to investigate the relationship between SII levels and the time to ISR occurrence.ResultsIn the whole cohort enrolled in this study, 128 (7.7%) participants developed angiographic evidence of ISR. The results demonstrated that the SII level significantly increased in patients with ISR compared to those with non-ISR, and these findings were similar in patients with and without DM. After adjusting for confounders, the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that participants with higher SII levels had a significantly increased risk of ISR for diabetics (all P &lt; 0.05), and this significant association was observed in patients with more severe ISR (triple-coronary artery lesions). Additionally, RCS analysis reveals that there is a J-shaped nonlinear correlation between SII and ISR in the entire study cohort with (P for overall &lt;0.001, and P for nonlinearity = 0.0058, respectively). Moreover, a threshold effect can be observed in the entire cohort, with an inflection point at the log2-SII value of 9.276 (SII = 620). Specifically, increased SII was linearly associated with ISR in diabetics (P for overall = 0.0007 and P for nonlinearity = 0.4316, respectively), indicating that the correlation between SII and ISR is stronger in diabetic patients than in those without diabetes. Spearman's rank correlation analysis demonstrated that elevated SII levels are related to earlier ISR onset in diabetics (r = −0.272, P = 0.049).ConclusionOur study suggests that SII may be an affordable and convenient marker that could be applied to predict the risk of ISR among ACS patients. Moreover, the study emphasized that high SII is an independent predictor of more severe and earlier ISR and may be helpful for patients' risk stratification, especially those with comorbid DM.
Integrating multi-source monitoring data and deep convolutional autoencoder technology for slope failure pattern recognition
Authors: Han Nana , Miao Wending , Li Mingzhi , Mohamad Ismail Mohd Ashraf , Hu Qiang , Duan Liyuan , Tang Jintao 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionOver the past few decades, China has vigorously advanced its strategy to build a powerful transportation network, constructing and maintaining numerous slope engineering projects. However, frequent major safety incidents caused by slope failures highlight the urgent need for automated identification of failure events during the operational phase of slopes.MethodsThis study integrates rainfall, surface displacement, and vertical displacement monitoring data, and proposes an automatic failure mode identification method based on deep convolutional autoencoder technology. The model is trained on monitoring data collected during the normal operational phase of slopes, extracting features from normal data to reconstruct the original data. The trained model is then utilized for structural anomaly detection by leveraging the characteristic that reconstruction errors for failure mode samples are significantly higher than for normal samples.ResultsA case study was conducted on a specific slope where, on 24 May 2024, the displacement development rate in some areas increased significantly, ultimately leading to collapse. The proposed model accurately identified the time and evolution of the landslide, demonstrating its capability to detect failure events effectively.DiscussionValidation results confirm that the model can effectively distinguish previously unseen abnormal modes, offering significant practical value for identifying similar structural anomalies. This approach provides a reliable tool for slope monitoring and anomaly detection, enhancing safety in slope engineering projects.
Therapeutic target genes and regulatory networks of gallic acid in cervical cancer
Authors: You Zhixi , Lei Ye , Yang Yongkang , Zhou Zhihui , Chao Xu , Ju Keyi , Wang Songyi , Li Yuanyuan 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThis study aims to identify the therapeutic targets and regulatory mechanisms of the antitumor drug gallic acid (GA) in cervical cancer (CC).MethodsHeLa cells were treated with GA and subjected to RNA-sequencing using the DNBSEQ platform. By combining the results of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analysis and RNA-seq, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including those upregulated and downregulated genes in CC compared with the normal cervix in the GEO and TCGA database, while expressed reversed after treatment with GA, were identified. Subsequently, the function enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction of the DEGs were conducted. The candidate genes were identified using the Cytoscape software Gentiscape2.2 and MCODE plug-ins. Furthermore, the upstream microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) of the candidate genes were predicted using the online tools of MirDIP, TarBase, and ENCORI. Finally, the regulatory network was constructed using Cytoscape software.ResultsCC cells are significantly inhibited by GA. Combining the GEO and TCGA databases and RNA-seq analyses, 127 DEGs were obtained and subjected to functional enrichment analysis. This analysis revealed that 221 biological processes, 82 cellular components, 63 molecular functions, and 36 KEGG pathways were employed to identify three therapeutic candidate genes, including CDC20, DLGAP5, and KIF20A. The upstream 13 miRNAs, 4 lncRNA, and 42 circRNAs were detected and used to construct a lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA-pathway regulatory network.ConclusionThis study identified candidate genes and the regulatory networks underlying the therapeutic effects of GA on CC using GA data mining methods, thus establishing a theoretical basis for targeted therapy of CC.
Serological cross-reactivity between Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus and Nairobi sheep disease virus glycoprotein C
Authors: Maze Emmanuel A. , Booth George , Limon Georgina , Belij-Rammerstorfer Sandra , Tchakarova Simona R. , Alexandrov Tsviatko , Browning Clare , Wilsden Ginette , Ludi Anna B. , Charleston Bryan , Lambe Teresa 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionCrimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV) are orthonairoviruses of concern, able to cause haemorragic fever disease in humans and sheep, respectively. CCHFV and NSDV cocirculating in small ruminant populations across South Asia and East Africa. Cross-reactivity to viruses of the Orthonairovirus genus can potentially interfere with serological assays when employed for serosurveillance in regions where two or more genus members overlap in their distribution.MethodsIn this study, sheep sera sampled from a region of confirmed CCHFV circulation and NSDV absence were utilized, thereby eliminating the possibility of co-exposure. Field sera were tested against in-house anti-NSDV ELISAs specific to the nucleoprotein (NSDV NP) and glycoprotein C (NSDV Gc) antigens as well as an in-house NSDV 80% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT80). We assessed whether there is a correlation between CCHFV- and NSDV-specific ELISAs. Furthermore, epitopes-derived from CCHFV antigens for sheep antibody that were available from the literature were analyzed.ResultsWhen comparing NSDV antigen-specific antibody responses against previously tested CCHFV antigen-specific antibody responses, a strong positive correlation was observed between the Gc-specific responses, while a weak positive correlation was observed between the NP-specific responses. Consequently, NP-specific ELISAs have a higher assay specificity compared to Gc-specific ELISAs, making them more suitable for serosurveillance in regions where multiple orthonairoviruses co-circulate. Crucially, only one seropositive sample to NSDV Gc-specific out of a set of 224 (0.4%) showed a neutralizing capacity at the lowest serum dilution (1:8), suggesting these field sera have not been exposed to NSDV. Based on an analysis of known epitopes in NP targeted by antibodies in sheep serum, we propose that NP is less cross-reactive because dominant epitopes are highly dissimilar between CCHFV and NSDV.DiscussionGc exhibited a strong cross-reaction while the NP was weakly cross-reactive due to dominant epitopes being highly dissimilar between CCHFV and NSDV. Our in-house PRNT80 assay can could be used as a confirmatory test in regions where CCHFV and NSDV circulate.
Annotation and characterization of immunoglobulin loci and CDR3 polymorphism in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Deng Yunlan , Wu Fengli , Li Qianqian , Yao Lidie , Yang Chengzhi , Ma Long , Yao Xinsheng , Li Jun 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionImmunoglobulin (Ig) refers to the nomenclature for all antibody proteins produced by B lymphocytes. The genetic locus encoding Ig is critical for vertebrate humoral immune responses and diverse antibody repertoires. Despite the critical role of buffaloes as livestock and their significance in disease transmission, the Ig loci of this species have not been thoroughly annotated. This study aimed to systematically characterize the Ig loci in buffaloes and their unique features, providing a foundation for understanding buffalo immune function.MethodsThe genomic assembly of Murrah buffalo (NDDB_SH_1) was analyzed to annotate Ig loci. Annotation criteria included functional motifs, RSS sequences, and structural features of V, D, J, and C genes. The CDR3 repertoires were constructed using genomic DNA extracted from spleen samples of five healthy buffaloes. High-throughput sequencing of multiplex PCR products enabled repertoire analysis, and MiXCR software was used for alignment and CDR3 extraction. Repertoire diversity, gene usage, and clonal frequencies were analyzed using the Immunarch R package.ResultsThe IgH locus spans approximately 667 kb on chromosome 20, containing two D-J-C clusters, 54 VH genes, 10 DH genes, 8 JH genes, and 9 CH genes. The Igκ locus, located on chromosome 12, encompasses 24 Vκ genes, 5 Jκ genes, and 1 Cκ gene, while the Igλ locus on chromosome 17 includes 71 Vλ genes, 3 Jλ genes, and 3 Cλ genes. We also conducted a detailed examination of the buffalo IgH CDR3 repertoire, revealing the presence of ultra-long CDR3 sequences, a biased usage of certain V genes, and a high-frequency usage of IgHJ1-4 genes. Furthermore, we identified a set of shared clonotypes across the samples, highlighting commonalities in the buffalo antibody repertoire.ConclusionThese findings contribute to the understanding of buffalo immune function and provide insights into the evolution and diversity of ruminant immunoglobulin genes.
Transcriptomics analysis reveals potential mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction and T cell exhaustion in astronauts’ blood cells in space
Authors: Moreno-Villanueva Maria , Jimenez-Chavez Luis E. , Krieger Stephanie , Ding Liang-Hao , Zhang Ye , Babiak-Vazquez Adriana , Berres Mark , Splinter Sandra , Pauken Kristen E. , Schaefer Brian C. , Crucian Brian E. , Wu Honglu 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe impact of spaceflight on the immune system and mitochondria has been investigated for decades. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying spaceflight-induced immune dysregulations are still unclear.MethodsIn this study, blood from eleven crewmembers was collected before and during International Space Station (ISS) missions. Transcriptomic analysis was performed in isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using RNA-sequencing. Differentially expresses genes (DEG) in space were determined by comparing of the inflight to the preflight samples. Pathways and statistical analyses of these DEG were performed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) tool.ResultsIn comparison to pre-flight, a total of 2030 genes were differentially expressed in PBMC collected between 135 and 210 days in orbit, which included a significant number of surface receptors. The dysregulated genes and pathways were mostly involved in energy and oxygen metabolism, immune responses, cell adhesion/migration and cell death/survival.DiscussionBased on the DEG and the associated pathways and functions, we propose that mitochondria dysfunction was caused by constant modulation of mechano-sensing receptors in microgravity, which triggered a signaling cascade that led to calcium overloading in mitochondria. The response of PBMC in space shares T-cell exhaustion features, likely initiated by microgravity than by infection. Consequences of mitochondria dysfunction include immune dysregulation and prolonged cell survival which potentially explains the reported findings of inhibition of T cell activation and telomere lengthening in astronauts.ConclusionOur study potentially identifies the upstream cause of mitochondria dysfunction and the downstream consequences in immune cells.
Inflammatory biomarkers and therapeutic potential of milk exosome-mediated CCL7 siRNA in murine intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Chen WenDong , Xu WenPing , Ma Li , Bi Chun , Yang MeiXu , Yang Wei 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundIntestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IIRI) is a severe clinical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in understanding the pathophysiology of IIRI, effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies remain limited.MethodsUsing transcriptome sequencing in a mouse model of IIRI, we identified potential biomarkers that were significantly upregulated in the IIRI group compared to the sham group. Based on these findings, we developed and evaluated a therapeutic strategy using milk-derived exosomes loaded with siRNA targeting CCL7 (M-Exo/siCCL7).ResultsFocusing on Ccl7 as a hub gene, we explored the therapeutic efficacy of milk-derived exosomes loaded with siRNA targeting Ccl7 (M-Exo/siCCL7) in the IIRI model. M-Exo/siCCL7 treatment effectively attenuated intestinal inflammation and injury, as evidenced by reduced histological damage, decreased serum markers of intestinal barrier dysfunction, and attenuated systemic inflammation.ConclusionOur findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying IIRI, identify potential diagnostic biomarkers, and highlight the promise of exosome-based siRNA delivery as a novel therapeutic approach for IIRI.
Iron deposition is associated with motor and non-motor network breakdown in parkinsonism
Authors: Leng Fangda , Gao Yue , Li Fan , Wei Luhua , Sun Yunchuang , Liu Fang , Zhu Ying , Qiu Jianxing , Wang Zhaoxia , Zhang Yiwei 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundIron deposition has been observed in Parkinsonism and is emerging as a diagnostic marker for movement disorders. Brain functional network disruption has also been detected in parkinsonism, and is believed to be accountable for specific symptoms in parkinsonism. However, how iron deposition influences brain network remains to be elucidated.MethodsWe recruited 16 Parkinson’s disease (PD), 8 multiple system atrophy (MSA) and 7 progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients. T1-weighted, susceptibility weighted images and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) were acquired. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) analysis was performed to quantify iron deposition in substantia nigra, putamen and dentate nucleus. Cerebellar network, sensorimotor network, default mode network and language networks were segregated using independent analysis. Network and iron deposition status were evaluated in relation to diagnostic groups, motor and non-motor symptoms. The relationship between quantitative iron deposition and brain network status was further interrogated. To further validate the findings, 13 healthy controls and 37 PD patients who had available T1 and rs-fMRI scans were selected from Parkinson’s progression markers initiative (PPMI) database, and network analysis was performed.ResultsIn local cohort, compared to PD, MSA patients showed greater iron deposition in putamen, while PSP patients had greater iron deposition in caudate nucleus and thalamus. Cerebellar and language networks showed significant difference across diagnostic groups, while default mode network and sensorimotor network did not. MSA patients had significantly impaired cerebellar network and language networks compared to PD patients. Cerebellar network was positively associated with motor symptom scores while language network was positively associated with MoCA scores in the patients. Iron deposition was negatively associated with both networks’ activity in the patients. In PPMI cohort, impairment was found in both cerebellar and language networks in PD. Cerebellar and language networks correlated with motor and cognitive impairment, respectively.ConclusionCerebellar network and language networks are differently influenced in MSA, PD and PSP, which can serve as potential diagnostic marker. Impairment of cerebellar network and language network are associated with motor symptoms and cognitive impairment, respectively. Moreover, dysfunction of the networks is associated with iron deposition in deep nuclei (SN, DN, Putamen).
Correlations among fatigue, respiratory function, balance and core muscle morphology in multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive observational study
Authors: De La Plaza San Frutos Marta , Sanz-Esteban Ismael , Salniccia Federico , Bermejo-Franco Alberto , García-Corona Ameyalli , Palma-Baquedano María Cristina , Castel-Sánchez Marina , Estrada-Barranco Cecilia 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundRecent scientific interest has focused on exploring the potential relationships between fatigue, respiratory function and balance in multiple sclerosis (MS) subjects. While some studies suggest that fatigue may impact respiratory function and postural stability, the exact nature of these associations remains under investigation. Ultrasound imaging is increasingly being used to examine the structural and functional characteristics of core muscles, aiming to better understand how these variables might be interconnected. Understanding these associations is crucial for developing targeted interventions to enhance overall physical performance in this population. This study examines the relationship between fatigue, respiratory function, balance, and ultrasound variables of abdominal musculature in MS.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 27 subjects diagnosed with MS, comprising 17 females and 10 males. Study variables were: fatigue (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale—MFIS); respiratory function (Forced Vital Capacity—FVC and Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second—FEV1); balance (Berg Balance Scale—BBS and Trunk Impairment Scale Dynamic—TIS DYN); and ultrasound measurements of abdominal and diaphragmatic musculature. Correlations were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation, with a statistical significance level of p &lt; 0.05.ResultsSignificant correlations were found between respiratory function and balance scores. FVC showed a moderate correlation with BBS (r = 0.443), while FEV1 had a high correlation with BBS (r = 0.500) and a moderate correlation with TIS DYN (r = 0.427). MFIS showed a moderate negative correlation with BBS (r = −0.402). The strength and function of the central abdominal musculature, particularly the internal oblique, were crucial for trunk stability and postural control.ConclusionThese findings highlight the interplay between respiratory function, balance, fatigue, and abdominal muscle morphology in MS, emphasizing the potential benefits of interventions targeting respiratory function to improve balance and reduce fatigue, ultimately enhancing quality of life in this population.
Your brain on art, nature, and meditation: a pilot neuroimaging study
Authors: Krause-Sorio Beatrix , Becerra Sergio , Siddarth Prabha , Simmons Stacey , Kuhn Taylor , Lavretsky Helen 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesExposure to art, nature, or meditation, all transcending human experiences, has beneficial effects on health and wellbeing. Focusing inward or watching art and nature videos elicits positive emotions that can help heal stress-related conditions. In a pilot functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) study, we explored the effect of watching digital art or nature videos compared to contemplating the universal connectedness (also known as transcendental meditation). The instructions were to meditate on the connection to a Universal Soul linked to a sense of expansion and universal connectedness (“one with everything”), which was prompted by a video of the galactic nebula that also controlled for the visual stimuli of the two other conditions.MethodsNine healthy adults (mean age = 29; range = 19–42; 5 women) underwent a block design fMRI scan using a Siemens 3T Prisma scanner. The blocks included (1) nature videos, (2) AI-generated digital art (“machine hallucinations” by Refik Anadol), and (3) videos of NASA Webb-produced images of galactic nebulas. Brain oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) images were processed using FSL Version 6.0 and a general linear model (GLM) tested the contrasts between art, nature, and meditation blocks, using a cluster-corrected p-value of 0.05.ResultsCompared to rest, meditation led to BOLD increases in bilateral lateral occipital and fusiform gyri, as well as right postcentral gyrus and hippocampus. Compared to viewing AI-generated digital art, increased BOLD responses during meditation were observed in left parietal and central operculum, and right pre- and postcentral gyri, and compared to nature, in the left parietal operculum, bilateral postcentral and supramarginal gyri, and bilateral lateral occipital cortices.ConclusionMeditation compared to rest showed brain activation in regions associated with object, sensory, and memory processing. Meditation compared to nature videos led to activity in bilateral sensory and object processing areas, as well as a left sensory integration region (error monitoring), while meditation compared to art showed activity in left sensory integration and right sensorimotor regions. Further studies are needed to delineate the distinct neural signature and therapeutic effects of inner contemplation using human connection to art, nature, or meditative transcendent practices, in the brain and its potential in clinical applications.