bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood Pressure and Cerebral Oxygenation with Physiologically-based Cord Clamping: A Sub-Study of the BabyDUCC Trial
Authors: Badurdeen Shiraz , Blank Douglas A , Hoq Monsurul , Wong Flora Y , Roberts Calum T , Hooper Stuart B , Polglase Graeme R , Davis Peter G 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCord-clamping strategies may modify blood pressure (BP) and cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (rStO2) immediately after birth.MethodsWe conducted a sub-study nested within the Baby-Directed Umbilical Cord-Clamping trial. Infants ≥32+0weeks’ gestation assessed as requiring resuscitation were randomly allocated to either physiologically-based cord clamping (PBCC), where resuscitation commenced prior to umbilical cord clamping, or standard care where cord clamping occurred early (ECC). In this single-site sub-study, we obtained additional measurements of pre-ductal BP and rStO2. In a separate observational arm, non-randomised vigorous infants received 2 minutes of deferred cord clamping (DCC) and contributed data for reference percentiles.ResultsAmong 161 included infants, n=55 were randomly allocated to PBCC (n= 30) or ECC (n= 25). The mean (SD) BP at 3-4 minutes after birth (primary outcome) in the PBCC group was 64 (10) mmHg compared to 62 (10) mmHg in the ECC group, mean difference 2 mmHg (95% confidence interval −3 – 8 mmHg, p= 0.42). BP and rStO2were similar across both randomised arms and the observational arm (n=106).ConclusionWe found no difference in BP or rStO2with the different cord clamping strategies. We report reference ranges for BP and rStO2for late-preterm and full-term infants receiving DCC.ImpactAmong late-preterm and full-term infants receiving resuscitation at birth, blood pressure (BP, at 3-4 minutes and 6-7 minutes) and cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (rStO2) are not influenced by timing of cord clamping in relation to establishment of ventilation.Infants in this study did not require advanced resuscitation, where different cord clamping strategies may yet influence BP and rStO2.The reference ranges for BP and rStO2represent the first, to our knowledge, for vigorous late-preterm and full-term infants receiving deferred cord clamping.rStO2>90% (∼90thpercentile) may be used to define cerebral hyperoxia, for instance when studying oxygen supplementation after birth.
Social risk factors for pediatric asthma exacerbations: A systematic review
Authors: Vinjimoor Shriya , Vieira Caroline , Rogerson Colin , Owora Arthur , Mendonca Eneida A 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review aims to identify social risk factors that influence pediatric asthma exacerbations.MethodsCohort studies published between 2010 and 2020 were systematically searched on the OVID Medline, Embase, and PsycInfo databases. Using our established phased inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies that did not address a pediatric population, social risk factors, and asthma exacerbations were excluded. Out of a total of 707 initially retrieved articles, 3 prospective cohort and 6 retrospective cohort studies were included.ResultsUpon analysis of our retrieved studies, two overarching domains of social determinants, as defined by Healthy People 2030, were identified as major risk factors for pediatric asthma exacerbations: Social/Community Context and Neighborhood/Built Environment. Social/Community factors including African American race and inadequate caregiver perceptions were associated with increased risk for asthma exacerbations. Patients in high-risk neighborhoods, defined by lower levels of education, housing, and employment, had higher rates of emergency department readmissions and extended duration of stay. Additionally, a synergistic interaction between the two domains was found such that patients with public or no health insurance and residence in high-risk neighborhoods were associated with excess hospital utilization attributable to pediatric asthma exacerbations.ConclusionSocial risk factors play a significant role in influencing the frequency and severity of pediatric asthma exacerbations.3-Question Summary Box:1. What is the current understanding of this subject?The individual impact of social factors such as insurance, neighborhood, and ethnicity on pediatric asthma exacerbations has previously been explored.2. What does this report add to the literature?This review systematically identifies the relative importance of individual sociodemographic factors and interactions between them. Race, neighborhood risk, insurance status, caregiver perceptions, and a synergistic interaction between health insurance status and neighborhood risk were found to be contributary.3. What are the implications for public health practice?It is important for providers to educate patients on how their surroundings impact their respiratory health and advocate for increased healthcare access for at-risk populations.
Systematic functional analysis of the Com pilus inStreptococcus sanguinis: a minimalistic type 4 filament dedicated to DNA uptake in monoderm bacteria
Authors: Mom Jeremy , Chouikha Iman , Valette Odile , Pieulle Laetitia , Pelicic Vladimir 
Published: September 2023

AbstractType 4 filaments (T4F) are a superfamily of functionally versatile nanomachines, ubiquitous in prokaryotes, which use similar multi-protein machineries to assemble and operate filamentous polymers of type 4 pilins. The best studied T4F use very complex machineries, which has posed challenges to understanding the mechanisms of both filament assembly and the roles they facilitate. Here, we report the systematic functional analysis of the Com pilus, a widespread T4F mediating DNA uptake during natural transformation in monoderm bacteria. UsingStreptococcus sanguinisas a model, we show that Com pili arebona fidetype 4 pili (T4P), which represent a new pilus sub-type. We show that with only eight components necessary for their assembly and functioning – all “core” poteins universally conserved across this superfamily – the Com pilus epitomises a minimalistic T4F. We demonstrate that core T4F components are sufficient for filament assembly. Intriguingly, akin to more elaborate T4F, the Com pilus contains four minor pilins forming a complex likely to be situated at the apex of the filaments. Our results have global implications for T4F and make Com pili a model for elucidating the fundamental processes underpinning filament assembly.
Fluence-dependent degradation of fibrillar type I collagen by 222 nm far-UVC radiation
Authors: Kowalewski Antonia , Forde Nancy R 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFor more than 100 years, germicidal lamps emitting 254 nm ultraviolet (UV) radiation have been used for drinking-water disinfection and surface sterilization. However, due to the carcinogenic nature of 254 nm UV, these lamps have been unable to be used for clinical procedures such as wound or surgical site sterilization. Recently, technical advances have facilitated a new generation of germicidal lamp whose emissions centre at 222 nm. These novel 222 nm lamps have commensurate antimicrobial properties to 254 nm lamps while producing few short- or long-term health effects in humans upon external skin exposure. However, to realize the full clinical potential of 222 nm UV, its safety upon internal tissue exposure must also be considered. Type I collagen is the most abundant structural protein in the body, where it self-assembles into fibrils which play a crucial role in connective tissue structure and function. In this work, we investigate the effect of 222 nm UV radiation on type I collagen fibrilsin vitro. We show that collagen’s response to irradiation with 222 nm UV is fluence-dependent, ranging from no detectable fibril damage at low fluences to complete fibril degradation and polypeptide chain scission at high fluences. However, we also show that fibril degradation is significantly attenuated by increasing collagen sample thickness. Given the low fluence threshold for bacterial inactivation and the macroscopic thickness of collagenous tissuesin vivo, our results suggest a range of 222 nm UV fluences which may inactivate pathogenic bacteria without causing significant damage to fibrillar collagen. This presents an initial step toward the validation of 222 nm UV radiation for internal tissue disinfection.
Commensal microbiome dysbiosis elicits IL-8 signaling to drive fibrotic skin disease
Authors: Zhang Wenyu , Peng Qili , Huang Xian , Huang Qing , Zhang Zhiliang , Li Fuli , Zheng Naisheng , Shi Binsheng , Fan Zhihong , Maj Tomasz , Chen Rui 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARYCommensal bacteria are core players in wound healing whose function in the opposite pathophysiological process-scarring is presently unclear. Here, we document the association between bacteria and a specific skin fibrotic disease-keloid, which might offer a promising avenue for translational practice.ABSTRACTWound healing is an intensely studied topic involved in many relevant pathophysiological processes, including fibrosis. Despite the large interest in fibrosis, the network that related to commensal microbiota and skin fibrosis remain mysterious. Here, we pay attention to keloid, a classical yet intractable skin fibrotic disease to establish the association between commensal microbiota to scaring tissue. Our histological data reveal the presence of microbiota in the keloids. 16S rRNA sequencing characterize microbial composition and divergence between the pathological and normal skin tissue. Moreover, the data show elevation of interleukin-8 both in the circulation and keloid tissue, which elicited the collagen accumulation and migratory program of dermal fibroblasts via CXCR1/2 receptor. Our research provides insights into the pathology of human fibrotic diseases, advocating commensal bacteria and IL-8 signaling as useful targets in future interventions of recurrent keloid disease.
Identification of Begomovirus Genomic Components and Stress-specific Metabolic Markers in Mungbean Leaf Apoplast
Authors: Dhobale Kiran Vilas , Sahoo Lingaraj 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTPlant viruses exert control over the host metabolism to enhance their survival, but the specific sites where altered metabolites take effect remain enigmatic. This study focuses on the apoplastic region of symptomatic mungbean leaves infected with mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) to gain new insights into metabolite changes during infection. Leveraging NMR-based metabolome fingerprinting, we identified several stress-associated metabolites. Notably, proline and 2-Hydroxybutyrate were found to be up-regulated in the apoplast region, while down-regulated in the cytosol. Additionally, aspartate was found to be upregulated in the cytosolic region but absent in the apoplast. Importantly, our molecular analysis of the apoplast suggests the presence of MYMIV genomic components. Moreover, we characterized two distinct populations of extracellular vesicles (EVs) using ultracentrifugation, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and fluorometric assays. The data revealed alterations in the size and count of EVs, suggesting their potential role in facilitating the transport of viral components for long-distance cell-to-cell movement during infection. These findings provide valuable insights into the apoplast’s role and the significance of EVs in MYMIV infection, contributing to a better understanding of virus-host interactions and potentially informing new virus defense strategies.
Dreaming of profit: case of Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Limited
Authors: Mamillapalli Raja Sekhar , Pusarla Hanumantha Rao 
Published: September 2023

Learning outcomes
The learning outcomes of this study are to examine the financial performance of Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (BMRCL) during past five years, to compare the financial performance with the initial projections, to identify the causes of deviations in the performance, to recommend the measures to improve financial performance and to apply the learning from the BMRCL project to other similar upcoming projects in India.

Case overview/synopsis
BMRCL has been struggling to perform as per projections made in the initial detailed project report. The situation has further worsened because of the COVID-19 pandemic and its post-impact on the overall economic level of activity. Ramana Rao, the consultant for infrastructure projects, was worried after reading a news article which deemed the project a white elephant. Various articles published in the newspaper also reported that BMRCL was incurring a loss of Rs 45 lakhs every day. The consultant worried about the sustainability of the project. He wanted new ideas and plans which could turn around these losses and convert them into profitable ones. He, however, does not have any immediate plans to execute and is therefore in a dilemma about how a project that was launched with so much fanfare could be made profitable. Because of COVID-19 pandemic, BMRCL’s financial situation, which although improving, had taken a significant hit. It looked like the corporation might need government assistance to cover its losses. The transport utility suffered a loss of Rs 170 crore, as a result of a decline in ridership as well as other revenue sources including parking fees and leasing revenues. This amounted to a daily loss of Rs 1 crore. The pressure on revenues was putting the officials in a tight spot about meeting the company’s debt obligations and market borrowings.

Complexity academic level
The case study aims to enable participants to understand financial performance and viability of large-scale projects such as metro rail in India.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 1: Accounting and Finance
Suraj Kumar: balancing career, family, and self
Authors: Mishra Pavitra , Gupta Amit 
Published: September 2023

Learning outcomes
This case study is best suited for courses in career management, stress management, work–life management or science of well-being in organization behavior (OB) or human resources management (HRM). This case study is targeted at the MBA or executive development programs. The learning outcomes of this case study are as follows: to analyze the challenges in balancing Suraj Kumar’s (the protagonist) work–life balance situation and identifying the main causes of such a conflict. What are some strategies that could be used to address these issues? To develop a plan to balance work responsibilities with family and personal life. What specific actions could he take to achieve this balance? To design a training program for employees that addresses work–life balance issues. What topics would you cover in the training, and what methods would you use to deliver the content? To create a proposal for a flexible work arrangement program that an organization could offer to its employees. What would be the benefits of this program, and how would it be implemented and managed? To develop a business case for why an organization should prioritize work–life balance for its employees. What are the potential benefits of doing so, and how can the organization measure the impact of its efforts?

Case overview/synopsis
This case study discusses conflicts due to competitive priorities that people face in balancing the pressures, roles and responsibilities between their professional life (careers) and their personal life, and the trade-offs that they make across these multiple aspects of their lives. This case study revolves around Suraj Kumar, a successful consultant, who was offered a promotion as the executive director for the social sector. This promotion would require extensive travel and time away from his family. Kumar was struggling to balance his work responsibilities with his family life and his involvement with the Smile and Shine Foundation, which supports the education of children from economically weaker sections of society. He was reflecting on his past and present and trying to figure out how to prioritize his commitments while also achieving his personal and professional goals.

Complexity academic level
This research has shown that a case discussion and role-play can be effective for a less experienced audience. Instructors can provide multiple perspectives to stimulate reflection and debate. For executive MBA or executive development programs, a self-reflection exercise is recommended. Participants in these programs may have personal experience dealing with or may know others who have dealt with work–life balance issues, making self-reflection a valuable tool.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 6: Human resource management.
Can monetary poverty measurement detect multidimensionally deprived? Evidence from Egypt
Authors: Omar Noha , El-Laithy Heba Farida 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the mismatch between multidimensional deprivation and monetary poverty in identifying the poor in Egypt and investigates their determinants empirically.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses the Alkire-Foster multidimensional poverty measurement method using data from Egypt’s 2017/2018 Household Income, Expenditure and Consumption Survey (HIECS 2017/2018). Using a logistic regression model, the paper assesses the empirical relationship between multidimensional and monetary poverty and their determinants at the aggregate level and by dimension.

Findings
The paper demonstrates a significant mismatch between multidimensional and monetary poverty measures, underscoring their complementary nature. Statistics indicate that both measures overlap in classifying 35.81% of Egyptians, whereas monetary poverty ignores 63.12% of multidimensionally poor in at least one dimension. Regression estimates show a significant moderate negative association between expenditure per capita and multidimensional poverty and its dimensions. Moreover, they show that household head’s gender, age, education attainment, marital status, job proficiency, household size and location affect poverty mismatch and match in Egypt.

Practical implications
This paper offers Egyptian policymakers the multidimensional poverty index that enables more efficient designing and targeting of poverty alleviation programs and assessing current poverty alleviation programs to modify them if needed.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to examine the mismatch between both poverty measures in Egypt, using the recent full data set of HIECS 2017/2018. This paper confirms that depending only on monetary measures can send inaccurate insights for crafting effective social policies. Also, it offers policymakers a comprehensive insight into the country’s poverty landscape, which enable more efficient design, targeting of poverty alleviation programs and monitoring their effectiveness.
Macro-economic indicators and housing price index in Spain: fresh evidence from FMOLS and DOLS
Authors: Raza Ali , Asif Laiba , Türsoy Turgut , Seraj Mehdi , Erkol Bayram Gül 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This study aims to determine how changes in macroeconomic indicators and the housing prices index (HPI) are related. These factors can cause short-term and long-term changes in the housing market in Spain.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used cointegrating regression, fully modified ordinary least squares and dynamic ordinary least squares methodologies. The models are trained using quarterly time series data for these parameters from 2010 to 2022. A comprehensive examination is conducted to explore the relationship between macroeconomic issues and fluctuations in the HPI.

Findings
The results indicate statistically significant short-run effects (p < 0.05) of economic growth, inflation, Spanish stock indices, foreign trade and the interest rate on HPI. The inflation variables, Spain’s stock indices, interest rate and monetary rate, have statistically significant long-run effects (p < 0.05) on HPI. The exchange rate, unemployment and money supply have no substantial impact on HPI in Spain.

Originality/value
The study’s findings significantly contribute to increased information concerning the level of investing activity in the Spanish housing sector. After conducting an in-depth study of both the long-run and short-run connections with HPI, the study proved to be highly effective in formulating appropriate policies.
Instant messaging, interruptions, stress and work performance
Authors: Hurbean Luminita , Wong Louie H.M. , Ou Carol XJ , Davison Robert M. , Dospinescu Octavian 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThe authors investigate the relationship between instant messenger (IM) use and work performance, mediated by interruptions and two key indicators of the stress associated with technology use: overload and complexity.Design/methodology/approachThe authors validate this research model using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with data collected through a survey of 416 working professionals.FindingsThe data reveal that while IM use contributes minimally to work interruptions and to a greater extent to technological complexity, these two constructs fully mediate the direct influence of IM use at work on technology overload, and meanwhile significantly and directly contribute to work performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis research provides theoretical insights into the deployment of IM and its actual impacts in the workplace. To improve the generalisation of the findings, the authors call for more IM-related research in other countries, with more native theories and various methodologies in this domain.Practical implicationsThe level of stress generated through IM use is moderate, considering IM is not a significant contributor to work interruptions. Thus, despite the potential negative effects of IM communication, the positive effects of using IM at work prevail. As a result, the technology can be promoted as long as employees, their managers and the organisation as a whole are well prepared. Employees can transfer skills and behaviour from the personal setting to their work environment and thus may find an intrinsic motivation to make better use of the IM technology at work.Originality/valueThe authors argue that this research model is novel for its perspective on evaluating the actual impacts of IM use at work instead of the reasons of using it. The authors conceptualise the process to explain how IM contributes to interruptions and other technostress indicators in the working context, and the impact on performance. Contrary to some prior research, the authors find that overall IM applications do not have a negative impact on work performance, and instead may enhance it.