bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vanishing of higher order Alexander‐type invariants of plane curves
Authors: Cogolludo‐Agustín José I. , Elduque Eva 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe higher order degrees are Alexander‐type invariants of complements to an affine plane curve. In this paper, we characterize the vanishing of such invariants for a curve C given as a transversal union of plane curves and in terms of the finiteness and the vanishing properties of the invariants of and , and whether or not they are irreducible. As a consequence, we prove that the multivariable Alexander polynomial is a power of , and we characterize when in terms of the defining equations of and . Our results impose obstructions on the class of groups that can be realized as fundamental groups of complements of a transversal union of curves.
The customer is often wrong: Investigating the influence of customer failures and apologies on frontline service employee well‐being
Authors: Robertson Nichola , Rotman Jeffrey , McQuilken Lisa , Ringer Allison 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA well‐established research area is service failure and recovery. Nevertheless, the considerable service failures generated by customers, or customer failures, surprisingly remain relatively underexplored. Specifically, customer failures have a detrimental effect on frontline service employee well‐being, which has not been investigated. We advance that a customer apology can alleviate this by customers taking the blame for their failures. We present three studies that investigate this phenomenon. In Study 1, applying the critical incident technique, we develop a taxonomy of customer failures and find evidence of their negative influence on (frontline) service employee well‐being, which can be offset by customer apologies and perceived supervisor support. In Studies 2 and 3, using a scenario‐based experiment, we triangulate the Study 1 results by testing the relationship between customer apology (Study 2) and its interacting relationship with perceived supervisor support (Study 3) on service employee well‐being following a customer failure. While customer apologies have a positive impact on well‐being, interestingly, when perceived supervisor support is lacking, this washes out the positive effect of a customer apology and similarly, perceived supervisor support nullifies the negative effect of the customer not apologizing for their failure. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Gifting digital versus physical gift cards: How and why givers and recipients have different preferences for a gift card's mode of delivery
Authors: Reshadi Farnoush , Givi Julian , Das Gopal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe explore the psychology involved with giving and receiving gift cards by studying givers' and recipients' preferences for digital versus physical gift cards. Across five studies, we demonstrate that givers are less likely to choose digital (vs. physical) gift cards than recipients are to prefer to receive them. The data suggest that this asymmetry occurs, in part, because givers overestimate the extent to which recipients see digital (vs. physical) gift cards as violating the social norms of gift‐giving. Indeed, givers' aversion to digital gift cards attenuates when they are less likely to perceive digital (vs. physical) gift cards as violating gift‐giving norms and when they are less attentive to such norms. This research adds to the gift‐giving literature by offering an initial foray into the tradeoff between digital and physical gifts, demonstrating a new instance in which givers' and recipients' preferences diverge, and documenting an underlying cause and boundary conditions of this asymmetry.
Value‐added service decision and coordination under fresh produce e‐commerce considering order cancelation
Authors: Tan Yuyang , Guo Chunxiang , Cai Dong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes an analytic model under fresh produce e‐commerce considering value‐added service and order cancelation behavior. We first examine the optimal prices, value‐added service decisions, and profits in the centralized and decentralized channels. Then, the revenue‐cost‐sharing contract is designed to eliminate the double marginal effect in the decentralized channel. The main findings are threefold. First, with the improvement of product quality, the optimal value‐added service may increase and then decrease in both centralized and decentralized channels. Second, compared with the centralized channel, the decentralized channel prefers a lower retail price only when both salvage value coefficient and product quality are high. Besides, the proposed revenue‐cost‐sharing contract performs well in improving the value‐added service and profits in the decentralized channel.
Optimization of proton pencil beam positioning in collimated fields
Authors: Behrends Carina , Bäumer Christian , Verbeek Nico Gerd , Wulff Jörg , Timmermann Beate 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe addition of static or dynamic collimator systems to the pencil beam scanning delivery technique increases the number of options for lateral field shaping. The collimator shape needs to be optimized together with the intensity modulation of spots.PurposeTo minimize the proton field's lateral penumbra by investigating the fundamental relations between spot and collimating aperture edge position.MethodsAnalytical approaches describing the effect of spot position on the resulting spot profile are presented. The theoretical description is then compared with Monte Carlo simulations in TOPAS and in the RayStation treatment planning system, as well as with radiochromic film measurements at a clinical proton therapy facility. In the model, one single spot profile is analyzed for various spot positions in air. Further, irradiation setups in water with different energies, the combination with a range shifter, and two‐dimensional proton fields were investigated in silico.ResultsThe further the single spot is placed beyond the collimating aperture edge (‘overscanning'), the sharper the relative lateral dose fall‐off and thus the lateral penumbra. Overscanning up to reduced the lateral penumbra by about 20% on average after a propagation of in air. This benefit from overscanning is first predicted by the analytical proofs and later verified by simulations and measurements. Corresponding analyses in water confirm the benefit in lateral penumbra with spot position optimization as observed theoretically and in air. The combination of spot overscanning with fluence modulation facilitated an additional improvement.ConclusionsThe lateral penumbra of single spots in collimated scanned proton fields can be improved by the method of spot overscanning. This suggests a better sparing of proximal organs at risk in smaller water depths at higher energies, especially in the plateau of the depth dose distribution. All in all, spot overscanning in collimated scanned proton fields offers particular potential in combination with techniques such as fluence modulation or dynamic collimation for optimizing the lateral penumbra to spare normal tissue.
TrEnD: A transformer‐based encoder‐decoder model with adaptive patch embedding for mass segmentation in mammograms
Authors: Liu Dongdong , Wu Bo , Li Changbo , Sun Zheng , Zhang Nan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies diagnosed in women. Mammogram inspection in the search and delineation of breast tumors is an essential prerequisite for a reliable diagnosis. However, analyzing mammograms by radiologists is time‐consuming and prone to errors. Therefore, the development of computer‐aided diagnostic (CAD) systems to automate the mass segmentation procedure is greatly expected.PurposeAccurate breast mass segmentation in mammograms remains challenging in CAD systems due to the low contrast, various shapes, and fuzzy boundaries of masses. In this paper, we propose a fully automatic and effective mass segmentation model based on deep learning for improving segmentation performance.MethodsWe propose an effective transformer‐based encoder‐decoder model (TrEnD). Firstly, we introduce a lightweight method for adaptive patch embedding (APE) of the transformer, which utilizes superpixels to adaptively adjust the size and position of each patch. Secondly, we introduce a hierarchical transformer‐encoder and attention‐gated‐decoder structure, which is beneficial for progressively suppressing interference feature activations in irrelevant background areas. Thirdly, a dual‐branch design is employed to extract and fuse globally coarse and locally fine features in parallel, which could capture the global contextual information and ensure the relevance and integrity of local information. The model is evaluated on two public datasets CBIS‐DDSM and INbreast. To further demonstrate the robustness of TrEnD, different cropping strategies are applied to these datasets, termed tight, loose, maximal, and mix‐frame. Finally, ablation analysis is performed to assess the individual contribution of each module to the model performance.ResultsThe proposed segmentation model provides a high Dice coefficient and Intersection over Union (IoU) of 92.20% and 85.81% on the mix‐frame CBIS‐DDSM, while 91.83% and 85.29% for the mix‐frame INbreast, respectively. The segmentation performance outperforms the current state‐of‐the‐art approaches. By adding the APE and attention‐gated module, the Dice and IoU have improved by 6.54% and 10.07%.ConclusionAccording to extensive qualitative and quantitative assessments, the proposed network is effective for automatic breast mass segmentation, and has adequate potential to offer technical assistance for subsequent clinical diagnoses.
Facial synthesis of colloidal stable magnetic nanoparticles coated with high hydrophilic negative charged poly(4‐styrenesulfonic acid co‐maleic acid) sodium for water remediation
Authors: Lim Chuan Chuan , Ng Qi Hwa , Hoo Peng Yong , Enche Ab Rahim Siti Kartini , Jamalludin Mohd Riduan , Nasib Amira Mohd , Wicaksono Sigit Tri , Pramata Azzah Dyah , Zullaikah Siti 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe enhancement of the colloidal stability of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) for environmental‐related fields has greatly attracted researchers' attention. This study used a high hydrophilic negatively charged polyelectrolyte, poly(4‐styrenesulfonic acid co‐maleic acid) sodium (PSAAS), to enhance the colloidal stability of MNPs. Coating of the naked MNPs with PSAAS polyelectrolyte is a simple and rapid method to obtain colloidally stable MNPs while sustaining the chemical reactivity of MNPs in water purification. The prepared PSAAS‐coated MNPs were characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X‐ray, Fourier transform infrared, zeta potential analysis, transmission electron microscope and X‐ray diffraction. Moreover, the colloidal stability and adsorption performance tests of these naked MNPs and PSAAS‐coated MNPs (with different concentrations of PSAAS coated) were investigated and compared. PSAAS‐coated MNPs with 0.001 g/ml PSAAS coating possessed the best colloidal stability and the highest methylene blue (MB) dye removal efficiency (94.53 ± 0.69%). The adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies for the adsorption of MB onto PSAAS‐coated MNPs were well‐described by the Langmuir model and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. These magnetic adsorbents, with high separation efficiency, simple and low production cost and recyclable property, are promising as practicable adsorbents in water treatment.
A new landscape in illness uncertainty: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of the experience of uncertainty in patients with advanced cancer receiving immunotherapy or targeted therapy
Authors: Langmuir Tori , Chu Alanna , Sehabi Ghizlène , Giguère Lauriane , Lamarche Jani , Boudjatat Wassim , Lebel Sophie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveOver the past 20 years, immunotherapy and targeted therapy (TT) have been extending the life expectancy and providing hope for a growing number of patients with advanced and metastatic cancer. However, the efficacy, side effects, and overall prognosis of these treatments are highly unpredictable. Recent research suggests that these patients may be experiencing significant uncertainty which impacts their functioning. This study reviewed the literature on the experiences of uncertainty for individuals with advanced or metastatic cancer patients who are receiving immunotherapy or TT.MethodA systematic literature review was conducted. Data was extracted from studies by pairs of reviewers. Literature quality was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist. Following data extraction, thematic synthesis was used to summarize findings across studies and generate overarching themes.ResultsFifteen qualitative studies were included. Findings highlighted impacts of various sources of uncertainty (financial, emotional, social), unmet needs related to uncertainty (practical, informational, communication), and recommendations for the management of uncertainty. Clinical implications and study limitations were indicated.ConclusionsFindings were situated within Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Theory and the literature on supportive care for advanced cancer populations. Recommendations related to improving healthcare provider communication and balancing hope and expectations for treatment outcomes were highlighted. Further research is needed to investigate experiences of uncertainty in this population. Tailored interventions for uncertainty may be warranted.
Examining the effectiveness and implementation of patient treatment decision‐aid tools for men with localised prostate cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Todio Elizabeth , Sharp Jessica , Morrow April , Taylor Natalie , Schofield Penelope , Mazariego Carolyn 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveMen diagnosed with localised prostate cancer (LPC) often face a difficult process deciding on a treatment choice that suits their personal preferences. This systematic review examines the impact of patient treatment decision‐aids (DAs) on decisional outcomes and treatment choice for men diagnosed with LPC. Our secondary aim was to examine how DAs have been implemented into routine clinical practice.MethodsA systematic search was conducted up to June 2022 using the following databases: Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science. Articles were included if they evaluated the effectiveness of treatment DAs for LPC patients on various decisional outcomes and treatment choice. The Mixed‐Method Appraisal Tool was used to assess methodological quality and risk of bias. Data on implementation outcomes were also extracted if reported.ResultsTwenty‐four articles were included for the analysis (seven non‐randomised studies, 16 randomised control trials, and one qualitative study). Results showed DAs have the potential to improve patient knowledge but revealed no effects on decisional regret or preparedness in decision‐making. Due to the variability in methodology among studies, results varied widely for treatment choice, decision‐making involvement, decisional conflict, and treatment decision satisfaction. At least one implementation outcome was reported in 11 of the included studies, with the most commonly assessed outcomes being acceptability and appropriateness.ConclusionsWhile DAs appear to improve knowledge, further qualitative evaluations and standardised assessments are needed to better understand men's experiences using DAs and to determine advantages and optimal ways to implement DAs into the treatment decision‐making pathway.
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in a pediatric patient with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Hamrick Lucas , Deskins Seth J. , Al‐Qatarneh Saif 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA 15‐year‐old female patient was initially transferred due to symptomatic anemia following months of menorrhagia, fatigue, dyspnea, and weight loss. Early during her hospital course, pulmonary complications occurred with the development of respiratory failure secondary to bilateral pleural effusions. She was managed with bi‐level pressure support ventilation alternating with a high‐flow nasal cannula. An extensive workup resulted in a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus: C3 level was 9 mg/dl (81−157 mg/dl) and her C4 level was 2 mg/dl (12−39 mg/dl); ANA titer was 1:5120 in a homogenous pattern. Scl‐70 was qualitatively positive, quantitative anti‐dsDNA level was 1044 IU/ml (<150 IU/ml), hemoglobin at presentation was 6.3 g/dl (11.8−15.7 g/dl), and her albumin level was 2.8 g/dl (3.5−5.0 g/dl). The patient was started on prednisone 60 mg daily and then transitioned to cyclophosphamide. Her symptoms improved initially; however, several days into admission she developed acute respiratory decompensation with blood‐tinged sputum. Her hemoglobin levels, which had stabilized, began decreasing from 9.5 to 7.4 g/dl. Chest radiography showed new bilateral hazy infiltrates, and computerized tomography of the chest showed bilateral pleural effusions and parenchymal disease. A bronchoscopy confirmed a diagnosis of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. The patient was treated with plasma exchange therapy and her corticosteroids were restarted. She completed a course of steroids and at initial pulmonology follow‐up and showed stable pulmonary status with an improvement of her symptoms.
Clinical management of pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis and autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Pasley Kimberly , Krivchenia Katelyn , Dell Mary Lynn , McCoy Karen S. , Paul Grace R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCystic Fibrosis (CF) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are life‐long conditions with intense treatment burdens for patients and families. Patients with a concurrent diagnosis (CF‐ASD) experience unique obstacles to CF care. This study describes the experiences of our multidisciplinary CF team in caring for patients with CF‐ASD and provides insight into provider and parental perspectives on clinical management.MethodsThis is a three‐part qualitative study involving (1) retrospective chart review of patients with CF‐ASD, (2) surveys with multidisciplinary care team members, and (3) semistructured interviews with caregivers of patients with CF‐ASD. Challenges in clinical management of this specific cohort were compiled using data from chart review and care team surveys. Strategies to address these concerns were identified and rated by individual families based on relevance and practicality.ResultsWithin our CF center, 12 patients have an official diagnosis of ASD. Median age of patients with CF‐ASD was 8.5 years (range 3–20 years), 67% were male, and 83% were on highly effective modulator therapy. Clinical barriers included sensory processing issues, environmental overstimulation, intolerance to procedures and to disrupted routines. Potentially impactful strategies include patient‐specific coping plans, guided behavioral interventions, parental advocacy, and improved communication between the family and multidisciplinary team.ConclusionChildren with CF‐ASD face extraordinary challenges beyond the experience of neurotypical children with CF. Increased awareness of this complex dual diagnosis will help providers be sensitive to the unique needs of these patients, help build consistent and trustworthy relationships with their families and deliver effective clinical care despite limitations.
The Joule–Thomson and Joule–Thomson‐Like Effects of the Black Holes in a Cavity
Authors: Li Nan , Li Jin‐Yu , Su Bing‐Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhen a black hole is enclosed in a cavity in asymptotically flat space, an effective volume can be introduced, and an effective pressure can be further defined as its conjugate variable. By this means, an extended phase space is constructed in a cavity, which resembles that in the anti‐de Sitter (AdS) space in many aspects. However, there are still some notable dissimilarities simultaneously. In this work, the Joule–Thomson (JT) effect of the black holes, widely discussed in the AdS space as an isenthalpic (constant‐mass) process, is shown to only have cooling region in a cavity. On the contrary, in a constant‐thermal‐energy process (the JT‐like effect), there is only heating region in a cavity. Altogether, different from the AdS case, there is no inversion temperature or inversion curve in a cavity. Our work reveals the subtle discrepancy between the two different extended phase spaces that is sensitive to the specific boundary conditions.
Event‐triggered output feedback predictive control for Takagi‐Sugeno model with bounded disturbance and redundant channels
Authors: Wang Jun , Ding Baocang , Wang Ping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the problem of dynamic output feedback model predictive control (MPC) for the Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) model with bounded disturbance and redundant channels is investigated based on an event‐triggered scheme. The redundant channels, described by a set of mutually independent Bernoulli processes, are applied to improve the reliability of data transmission. The state immeasurable is considered, and an event‐triggered state estimator with a time‐varying threshold is designed to estimate the true system state. The estimator and controller gains are parameterized as a non‐convex optimization problem. In order to online solve the resulting optimization problem, the cone complementarity approach (CCA) with iteration optimization is adopted. The mean‐square quadratic boundedness (MSQB) is utilized to characterize the invariance of the system state and guarantee the closed‐loop stability, while the recursive feasibility is ensured via online refreshing the estimation error set. Finally, a numerical simulation example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical method.
Passivity‐based control of nonlinear active dynamic vibration absorber
Authors: Hao Sheng , Yamashita Yuh , Kobayashi Koichi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article, a nonlinear active dynamic vibration absorber based on passivity‐based energy shaping control is proposed. Using the proposed method, the vibrations that are excited by force and velocity disturbances simultaneously can be controlled. The control law only uses the relative displacement and velocity of the vibration system, which can be easily measured by sensors. The numerical solutions to the partial differential equations are not required in our proposed method. The main idea of the controller's parameters design is to convert a plant system with a nonlinear dynamic vibration absorber into a desired system with multiple virtual skyhook dampers. We also derive the parameters' selection guidelines for the proposed controller. The global asymptotical stability is guaranteed through passivity‐based control theory, although the parameter design is based on linearization. We verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller by some simulations on a cart‐pendulum system.