bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of intra-articular oxamate on anterior cruciate ligament transection-induced experimental osteoarthritic rats
Authors: Wen Zhi-Hong , Sung Chun-Sung , Lin Sung-Chun , Yao Zhi-Kang , Lai Yu-Cheng , Liu Yu-Wei , Wu Yu-Yan , Liu Hsin-Tzu , Chen Wu-Fu , Jean Yen-Hsuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of joint disorder and arthritis worldwide. Joint pain and dysfunction are associated with this multifactorial disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of articular cartilage. The metabolic reprogramming of osteoarthritic chondrocytes to glycolysis instead of oxidative phosphorylation results in reduced ATP and lactate accumulation. When the glycolytic metabolite pyruvate is converted into lactate by lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), cartilage degeneration occurs. In the present study, we examined the chondroprotective effects of the LDHA inhibitor, oxamate on experimental OA rats.
Methods: Anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced ACLT-rats received an intraarticular (IA) injection of oxamate once a week for 5 weeks from the 10th to 14th after surgery. Animals were divided into four groups as follows: Sham, ACLT, ACLT + oxamate (0.25mg/kg), and ACLT + oxamate (2.5mg/kg). The results showed that an IA injection of oxamate significantly reduced weight-bearing defects and knee swelling in ACLT-rats.
Results: Histopathological analyses showed that oxamate caused significantly less cartilage degeneration than ACLT alone. Moreover, IA oxamate exerts hypertrophic effects in the chondrocyte of articular cartilage by inhibiting glucose-transporter 1, glucose-transporter 3, pyruvate kinase, LDHA, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling revealed that oxamate significantly reduced chondrocyte apoptosis in articular cartilage.
Conclusions: We propose that oxamate is beneficial for patients with OA and is associated with regulating glycolysis-related protein expression. In future clinical applications, our findings will provide new insights of LHDA inhibitor, oxamate into delaying strategies for OA progression.
N-methyl pyridinium tosylate (NMPyTs) and Ultrasound Promoted One-Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Highly Functionalized of Tetrahydropyridine Derivatives
Authors: Sapkal Amol V. , Dinore Jaysing M. , Yelwande Ajeet A. , Palve Manoj P. , Madje Balaji R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The N-methyl pyridinium tosylate (NMPyTs) ionic liquid is used as an efficient, homogeneous, and recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of tetrahydropyridine derivatives via one-pot multi-component condensation of aromatic aldehyde, anilines and β-ketoesters under ultrasonic irradiations and solvent-free conditions. This protocol was successfully pertinent to a wide range of structurally diverse aromatic aldehydes, substituted anilines, and β-ketoesters. The major characteristics of this technique include operational simplicity, short reaction times, mild reaction conditions, and high yield. Importantly, NMPyTs can undergo up to three recycle runs without any noticeable loss of catalytic activity.
A Spectral Learning Based Model to Evaluate Semantic Textual Similarity
Authors: Mehndiratta Akanksha , Asawa Krishna 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) is a task in NLP that compares two sentences in a sentence-pair and scores the relationship between them using the degree of semantic equivalence. It has wide applicability in various fields. Consequently, the research around the task is constantly evolving. The demand for new as well as improved methods is endless. Numerous methods have been proposed that largely belong to either unsupervised or supervised learning approaches. The model proposed here is fairly simple and provides a fresh take on this classification problem using spectral learning. The model does not engage a large labeled corpus or lexical database like most STS supervised and unsupervised methods. Although, supervised STS methods achieve an accuracy that outperforms humans in some cases, but are often held back due to a lack of interpretation of the features instrumental in molding the decision-making process. The proposed model on the other hand generates features (latent knowledge) that are easy to ascertain and have a mathematical foundation. Given a sentence pair, the work focuses on finding latent states and variables from each sentence and performs classification by generating a similarity score. The latent variables are a result of projections learned by performing Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) amongst the sentence pair. To perform matching and determine the similarity score, Cosine similarity and Word Mover’s Distance (WMD) are employed. The performance of the proposed model does exhibit an improvement over various sophisticated supervised techniques such as LSTM and BiLSTM.
Mechanism of Zn2+ regulating cellulase production in Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30
Authors: Li Ni , Li Jing , Chen Yumeng , Shen Yaling , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30 is a hypercellulolytic mutant strain that degrades abundant sources of lignocellulosic plant biomass into renewable biofuels. Zn2+ is an activator of enzymes in almost all organisms; however, its effect on cellulase activity has not been reported in T. reesei.
Results
Although high concentrations of Zn2+ severely hampered the extension of T. reesei mycelia, adding 1–4 mM Zn2+ improved cellulase production in T. reesei high-yielding cellulase-producing strain Rut-C30. The expression levels of the major cellulase genes and two critical transcription activators (xyr1 and ace3) increased significantly on Zn2+ addition. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the mRNA level of plc-e encoding phospholipase C, which is involved in the calcium signaling pathway, was enhanced by Zn2+ addition. The disruption of plc-e abolished the cellulase-positive influence of Zn2+ in the early phase, indicating that plc-e is involved in Zn2+-induced cellulase production; furthermore, supplementation with LaCl3 (a plasma membrane Ca2+ channel blocker) and deletion of crz1 (calcineurin-responsive zinc finger transcription factor 1) demonstrated that calcium signaling is partly involved in this process. Moreover, we identified the zinc-responsive transcription factor zafA; the transcriptional level of zafA decreased significantly with Zn2+ stress, and its deletion indicated that zafA mainly mediates Zn2+-induced cellulase production.
Conclusions
For the first time, we have demonstrated that Zn2+ was toxic to T. reesei and it remarkably promoted cellulase production. This positive influence of Zn2+ was facilitated by the gene plc-e and the transcription factor zafA. These findings provide insights into the role of Zn2+ in T. reesei and a mechanistic study of signal transduction in cellulase synthesis.
Skincare Potential of a Sustainable Postbiotic Extract Produced Through Sugarcane Straw Fermentation by Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Authors: Duarte Marco , Carvalho Maria João , Carvalho Nelson Mota , Silva João Azevedo , Mendes Adélia , Ribeiro Inês Pinto , Fernandes João Carlos , Oliveira Ana Lucia , Oliveira Carla , Pintado Manuela , Amaro Ana , Madureira Ana Raquel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPostbiotics, a new class of molecules derived from microorganism’s metabolism, are defined as a “preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host”. They can be produced by fermentation, using culture media with glucose as the carbon source, and lactic acid bacteria of the genusLactobacillus, and/or yeast, mainlySaccharomyces cerevisiaeas fermentative microorganisms. Postbiotics comprise different metabolites, and have important biological properties (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, etc), which is why their use in cosmetics should be considered. During this work, the production of postbiotics was carried out by fermentation with sugarcane straw, as a source of carbon and other active compounds, and as a more sustainable and promising process to obtain more bioactive extracts at the end. For this, its saccharification process was carried out with cellulase at 55 ºC for 24 h. Fermentation was performed sequentially after saccharification at 30 ºC, for 72h, usingS. cerevisiae. The cells-free extract was characterized regarding its composition, antioxidant activity, and skincare potential. Its use was safe at concentrations below ~ 20 mg.mL− 1for keratinocytes and ~ 7.5 mg.mL− 1for fibroblasts. It showed antioxidant activity, with ABTS IC50of 1.88 mg.mL− 1, and inhibited elastase and tyrosinase activities by 83.4% and 42.4%, respectively, at the maximum concentration tested (20 mg.mL− 1). In addition, it promoted the production of cytokeratin 14, and demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity at a concentration of 10 mg.mL− 1. Finally, in the skin microbiota of human volunteers, the extract inhibited theCutibacterium acnesbacterium and theMalasseziafungal genus. In short, postbiotics were successfully produced using straw as substrate, and as source of carbon and phenolic compounds. These postbiotics showed bioactive properties that potentiate their use in the development of cosmetic and skincare products, such as the treatment of acne or other skin diseases, due to their anti-inflammatory and inhibitory effect on the bacteria responsible for acne, as well as on potentially colonizing fungi.
Time pattern variation of alien plant introductions in an insular biodiversity hotspot: The Balearic Islands as a case study for the Mediterranean region
Authors: Cerrato Marcello Dante , Cortés-Fernández Iván , Ribas-Serra Arnau , Mir-Rosselló Pere Miquel , Ametller Carles Cardona , Gil-Vives Lorenzo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Allochthonous plant species are considered among the main environmental issues worldwide, being especially accused in the Mediterranean basin. The present study aims to update Balearic Alien Flora and discuss its time and spatial variation and invasiveness. Information regarding allochthonous plant records of the Balearic Islands were gathered and analysed based on published checklists and online databases. For each species several general traits were assigned based on previous references to characterise the alien Balearic Flora. Records of allochthonous species between 1827–2023 indicate that Alien Balearic Flora is composed of 602 taxa recorded unevenly among islands with lower records in smaller islands. Alien flora is mainly composed of therophytes and phanerophytes being held mainly in human related habitats. Introduction pathway is mainly ornamental, with over 50% of taxa entering through gardening and horticultural practices. Main biogeographical origins are American, Mediterranean, Euroasiatic and Cape origins. Invasive status of Balearic alien flora shows that 46% of all taxa can be regarded as casual, while 36% are naturalised, and 18% can be considered invasive, being the latter increased in smaller islands. Time variations trends starting mainly in the 70s and predictive models show that alien species increase exponentially, being the most represented taxa from synanthropic habitats, introduced as ornamentals, lianes, phanerophytes and therophytes from Cactaceae, Asteraceae and Leguminosae families. The results of the present study can serve as a model to facilitate the scientifically informed decision making and management of plant invasions both in the Balearic Islands and other continental insular systems and Mediterranean regions.
Prescribing pattern and associated factors in community pharmacies: A cross-sectional study using AWaRe classification and WHO antibiotic prescribing indicators at Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
Authors: Dereje Beyene , Workneh Alemseged , Megersa Alemayehu , Yibabie Shegaye 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Antibiotics are more likely to trigger the development of antimicrobial resistance than other medications. Thus, they need to be prescribed, dispensed, and administered with greater caution. Timely evidence on medicine use, prescribing patterns, and the factors affecting the prescribing of an antibiotic would help decision-makers draft guidelines that would enable a more rational use of medicines.
Methods: Prospective and cross-sectional study was conducted in seven community pharmacies in Dire Dawa to assess current prescribing practices, including antibiotic use and associated factors. Using stratified random sampling techniques, 1200 encounters were reviewed between October 1 and October 31, 2022 and SPSS version 27 was used for descriptive statistics and logistic regression.
Results: The average medications per prescription was 1.96 and antibiotics were included in 47.83% of encounters while 43.03% were prescribed from Watch group. In 13.5% of the encounters, injections were administered. In multivariate models, patient age, gender, and the number of medications prescribed were all substantially related to the prescription of antibiotics. Antibiotics were about 2.5 times more likely to be prescribed to patients under the age of 18 than to subjects 65 and older (AOR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.62-2.52; P <.001). Men were also more likely than women to receive an antibiotic prescription (AOR: 1.74, 95%CI: 1.18–2.33; P = 0.011). Subjects who those who received more than two drugs were 2.96 times more likely to receive an antibiotic (AOR: 2.96, 95%CI: 1.77–6.55; P = 0.003). The probabilities of prescribing antibiotics increased by 2.57 units for every unit increase in the number of medications (COR: 2.57; 95%CI: 2.16-3.47; P = 0.002).
Conclusions: According to this study, the amount of prescriptions with antibiotics at community pharmacies much higher than the WHO standard (20–26.2%). Additionally, 13.5% of encounters involved an injection, which is comparable to the World Health Organization standard of 13.4-24.1%. The prescribing of antibiotics was significantly correlated with the patient's age, gender, and number of medications.
A mathematical useful proof about the cardinality and the intersection of P problems and NP-Complete problems
Authors: Louiz Akram 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Thanks to my short studies about informatics, I present to you this mathematical proof that deals with the sets of P problems, NP-Complete problems and NP-Hard problems in order to prove new formulas about the cardinality of each group of problems and about the intersection of each one of these sets. This work ends with a strange contradiction about the cardinality of the intersection of the sets of P problems and NP-Complete problems. And thus, some probable causes about the followed method are proposed in order to inform the readers and invite them to reply by there own logical remarks.
CERCA (Cascading Effects in Risk Consequences Assessment): An operational tool for geo-hydrological scenario risk assessment and cascading effects evaluation
Authors: Biondi Daniela , Scarcella Graziella Emanuela , Versace Pasquale 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Building multiple, complex risk scenarios is a priority for the improvement of the effectiveness of early warning systems and technical countermeasure designs to detect phenomena associated with severe weather events, such as floods and landslides. This study presents CERCA (Cascading Effects in Risk Consequences Assessment), a methodology for the characterisation of event scenarios that is consistent with the current Italian Civil Protection Guidelines on the national warning system for weather-related geo-hydrological and hydraulic risks. The aim is to propose a simple, effective, multi-scale operational tool that can be adapted to multiple purposes. CERCA is structured as a tool for a typical ‘scenario analysis’ in a multi-hazard context through the qualitative assessment of cascading effects and consequences for different categories of elements at risk, particularly in terms of human losses. The framework is assessed on a case study concerning a local event in Rossano (Calabria, Italy) and on a number of damaging events that occurred in Italy during the period 2004–2021. The proposed approach can be effective in processing post-disaster information, monitoring the real-time evolution of critical situations, creating priority lists for decision-making, and providing general dependency matrices to be used for ‘ex-ante’ definitions of scenarios.
Influence of the AMO and its modulation of the ENSO effects on summer precipitation in Mexican coastal regions
Authors: Rodríguez Morales Uxmal , Corona Vásquez Benito , Prieto González Ricardo , Martínez Austria Polioptro 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Due to its geographical location and interaction with the two largest oceans, Mexico's climate is strongly influenced by various climatic oscillations. Therefore, association studies between climatic indices and Mexico's climate have scientific and practical importance. Teleconnection patterns have been reported between summer precipitation and various climate oscillations. For the AMO, results are not totally coincident, and modulation of ENSO effects has not been explored. Correlation analyses between AMO and ONI 3.4 with summer precipitation (June–September) at individual 203 weather stations in Mexican coastal zones were carried out, and average precipitation was compared according to AMO phases and their combinations with ENSO events. With AMO + , it tends to rain more in northern Yucatan Peninsula, from Chiapas to Jalisco, and in the southern California Peninsula; with AMO− in Tamaulipas, Sonora and northern California Peninsula. AMO modulates ENSO effects; ONI correlations pattern strengthens with AMO+. El Niño summers are less dry with AMO− on Atlantic coast, Sonora and northern California Peninsula; on Pacific coast, alternating bands are observed. With AMO − , La Niña summers tend to be wetter toward south with AMO+ and toward north with AMO−. These changes can be related to variations in the surface and low-level wind regimes previously reported in literature.
Spatial and temporal variabilities of suspended sediment and dissolved nutrients in the Ca River basin, North Central Vietnam
Authors: Phuong Ho Thi , Kim Thanh Ha Thi , Huu Le Tien , Saito Mitsuyo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Ca River basin has an area of 27,200 km2 distributed across the territories of two countries: Vietnam (65.2%) and Lao (34.8%). Spatial and temporal variations in suspended sediment (SS) and dissolved nutrients (PO43-, NO3-, SiO2) were determined in two hydrological stations located along the Ca River 4–6 times per month in the rainy season and 1–4 times per month in the dry season, between the months of August 2017 and July 2018. A loading–discharge (L–Q) curve was used to analyze the correlation among water physicochemical parameters with seasonal river discharge. The results indicate that SS was higher in upstream flows compared to downstream flows, which is primarily due to erosion. Seasonal SS and dissolved phosphate have an inverse correlation trend to that of dissolved silica. Results revealed that the concentration of phosphate and SS was higher in the rainy season than in the dry season. This finding proves that rain washes particulate matter from the surface runoff into the Ca River. Significant correlations between discharge and dissolved nutrient load were observed. This study provides useful information regarding variations of SS and water physicochemical parameters with seasonal water discharge in the Ca River.
Is BMI Associated with COVID-19 Severity? A Retrospective Observational
Study
Authors: Candelli Marcello , Pignataro Giulia , Saviano Angela , Ojetti Veronica , Gabrielli Maurizio , Piccioni Andrea , Gullì Antonio , Antonelli Massimo , Gasbarrini Antonio , Franceschi Francesco 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) is an infection with high
morbidity and mortality. Obesity and low body mass index (BMI) have both been linked
to severe COVID-19, but recent studies have failed to confirm these associations.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between BMI and disease
progression in hospitalised patients with COVID-19.

Methods:
We performed a monocentric, retrospective observational study at the Fondazione
Policlinico Gemelli in Rome. We enrolled 1544 (977 men) patients who presented
to the emergency department with a positive COVID-19 test between January and December
2021. We divided patients into five classes based on BMI. Demographic, clinical,
laboratory, and radiological data were collected for all patients.

Results:
Of the 1544 patients, 1297 recovered after hospitalization, whereas 247 (16%)
died. Of those who died, 16/247 (6.5%) had a BMI below18.5 kg/m2, 72/247 (29%) had a
BMI between 18.5 and 24.99 kg/m2, 103/247 (42%) had a BMI between 25 and 29.99
kg/m2, 36/247 (15%) had a BMI between 30 and 35 kg/m2, and 20/247 (8%) had a BMI
above 35 kg/m2. After adjusting the results for age, sex, and concomitant diseases using
multivariate logistic regression, we found a significantly increased risk of intensive care
unit (ICU) admission in severely obese patients (BMI > 35) compared to normal weight
patients (BMI: 18.5-24.99) (p > 0.001). Mortality was not associated with BMI.

Conclusion:
We confirm that severe obesity is a risk factor for ICU admission in patients
with COVID-19. No association was found between BMI and mortality.
One-Step, Low-Cost, Operator-Friendly, and Scalable Procedure to Synthetize Novel
Tetrazolopyrimidinylbenzopyran-2-ones by Benign Protocol
Authors: Ahmed Eman A. , Khodairy Ahmed , Abd El Aleem Ali Ali El-Remaily Mahmoud , Ahmed Abdelraheem M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
New coumarin chalcones 3j–p were conveniently obtained in high yields via Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction, when acetyl coumarin 1 reacted with 3-aryl-1-phenyl pyrazole-4-carbaldehydes 2j–p in boiling ethanol in the presence of triethyl amine as a catalyst. Also, two synthetic pathways were afforded for the synthesis of novel tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidinyl-2H-chromen-2-ones 5a-p. The first pathway is a multistep process including formation and separation of chalcones, which then were allowed to react with 5-aminotetrazole 4. While, the second pathway is a highly efficient one-pot three-component condensation reaction of 3-acetyl coumarin 1, aromatic aldehydes 2a-p and 5-aminotetrazole 4 under green and mild reaction conditions by using acetic acid (AcOH) as a catalyst and solvent. The molecular structure of products was established on the basis of their NMRs, IR and elemental analysis data. Solvent optimization was carried out in the reaction producing 3-(5-Phenyl-4,5-dihydrotetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one (5a). The advantages to using environmental-friendly acetic acid are simple operation, short reaction time, high efficient (97%), operationally facile and wide tolerance of starting materials.

objective:
The advantages of using environmental-friendly AcOH are simple operation, short reaction time, high efficient (97%), operationally facile and wide tolerance of starting materials.