bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipidomic analysis reveals differences in the extent of remyelination in the brain and spinal cord
Authors: Mohotti Nishama De Silva , Kobayashi Hiroko , Williams Jenna M. , Binjawadagi Rashmi , Evertsen Michel P. , Christ Ethan G. , Hartley Meredith D. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTDuring demyelination, lipid-rich myelin debris is released in the central nervous system (CNS) and must be phagocytosed and processed before new myelin can form. Although myelin comprises over 70% lipids, relatively little is known about how the CNS lipidome changes during demyelination and remyelination. In this study, we obtained a longitudinal lipidomic profile of the brain, spinal cord, and serum using a genetic mouse model of demyelination, known asPlp1-iCKO-Myrfmice. This model has distinct phases of demyelination and remyelination over the course of 24 weeks, in which loss of motor function peaks during demyelination. Using principal component analysis (PCA) and volcano plots, we have demonstrated that the brain and spinal cord have different remyelination capabilities and that this is reflected in different lipidomic profiles over time. We observed that plasmalogens (ether-linked phosphatidylserine and ether-linked phosphatidylcholine) were elevated specifically during the early stages of active demyelination. In addition, we identified lipids in the brain that were altered when mice were treated with a remyelinating drug, which may be CNS biomarkers of remyelination. The results of this study provide new insights into how the lipidome changes in response to demyelination, which will enable future studies to elucidate mechanisms of lipid regulation during demyelination and remyelination.
Redox-dependent condensation and cytoplasmic granulation by human ssDNA binding protein 1 delineate roles in oxidative stress response
Authors: Harami Gábor M. , Pálinkás János , Kovács Zoltán J. , Jezsó Bálint , Tárnok Krisztián , Harami-Papp Hajnalka , Hegedüs József , Mahmudova Lamiya , Kucsma Nóra , Tóth Szilárd , Szakács Gergely , Kovács Mihály 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTHuman single-stranded DNA binding protein 1 (hSSB1/NABP2/OBFC2B) plays central roles in the repair of DNA breaks and oxidized DNA lesions. Here we show that hSSB1 undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) that is redox-dependent and requires the presence of single-stranded DNA or RNA, features that are distinct from those of LLPS by bacterial SSB. hSSB1 nucleoprotein droplets form under physiological ionic conditions, in response to treatment resulting in cellular oxidative stress. hSSB1’s intrinsically disordered region (IDR) is indispensable for LLPS, whereas all three cysteine residues of the oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB) fold are necessary to maintain redox-sensitive droplet formation. Proteins interacting with hSSB1 show selective enrichment inside hSSB1 droplets, suggesting tight content control and recruitment functions for the condensates. While these features appear instrumental for genome repair, we also detected hSSB1 condensates in the cytoplasm in response to oxidative stress in various cell lines. hSSB1 condensates colocalize with stress granules, implying unexplored extranuclear roles in cellular stress response. Our results suggest novel, condensation-linked roles for hSSB1, linking genome repair and cytoplasmic defense.
Competitive Microarray Screening Reveals Functional Ligands for the DHX15 RNA G-quadruplex
Authors: Prestwood Peri R. , Yang Mo , Lewis Grace V. , Balaratnam Sumirtha , Yazdani Kamyar , Schneekloth John S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRNAs are increasingly considered valuable therapeutic targets, and in turn the development of methods to identify and validate both RNA targets and RNA-binding compounds is more important than ever. In this study, we utilized a bioinformatic approach to identify a hairpin-containing RNA G-quadruplex (rG4) in the 5′UTR ofDHX15mRNA. By using a competitive small molecule microarray (SMM) approach, we identified a compound that specifically binds to theDHX15rG4 with a KDof 12.6 ± 1 µM. This rG4 directly impacts translation of aDHX15reporter mRNAin vitro, and binding of our compound (F1) to the structure inhibits translation up to 57% with an IC50of 22.9 ± 3.8 µM. The DHX15 protein is an “undruggable” helicase associated with several types of cancer progression, and our data represent the first published effort to target the rG4 inDHX15mRNA to inhibit its translation. Overall, our work is informative for the development of novel small molecule cancer therapeutics for RNA targets starting from target identification.Graphical Abstract
Systematic analysis of the sphingomyelin synthase family inC. elegans
Authors: Guzman Gaelen G. , Farley Scotland , Kyle Jennifer E. , Bramer Lisa M. , Hoeltzl Sandra , van den Dikkenberg Joep , Holthuis Joost C. M. , Tafesse Fikadu G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSphingomyelin (SM) is a major component of mammalian cell membranes and particularly abundant in the myelin sheath that surrounds nerve fibers. Its production is catalyzed by SM synthases SMS1 and SMS2, which interconvert phosphatidylcholine and ceramide to diacylglycerol and SM in the Golgi and at the plasma membrane, respectively. As the lipids participating in this reaction fulfill both structural and signaling functions, SMS enzymes have considerable potential to influence diverse important cellular processes. The nematodeCaenorhabditis elegansis an attractive model for studying both animal development and human disease. The organism contains five SMS homologues but none of these have been characterized in any detail. Here, we carried out the first systematic analysis of SMS family members inC. elegans. Using heterologous expression systems, genetic ablation, metabolic labeling and lipidome analyses, we show thatC. elegansharbors at least three distinct SM synthases and one ceramide phosphoethanolamine (CPE) synthase. Moreover,C. elegansSMS family members have partially overlapping but also unique subcellular distributions and together occupy all principal compartments of the secretory pathway. Our findings shed light on crucial aspects of sphingolipid metabolism in a valuable animal model and opens avenues for exploring the role of SM and its metabolic intermediates in organismal development.
To boldly go where no one has gone before: a critical realist approach to space accounting
Authors: Modell Sven 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how critical realism can be mobilised as a meta-theory, or philosophical under-labourer, for research on space accounting and how this may further inquiries into the known as well as the unknown implications of space exploration and commercialisation.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper that applies critical realism to the field of space accounting using cost management in space contracts as an illustrative example.FindingsAdopting a naturalised version of critical realism that recognises the complex interplay between natural and social realities, the author nuances the distinction between intransitive and transitive objects of knowledge and advances a framework that may be used as a starting point for a transfactual mode of reasoning. The author then applies this mode of reasoning to the topic of cost management in the space sector and illustrates how it may enhance our insights into what causes cost overruns in space contracts.Research limitations/implicationsBy adopting a naturalised version of critical realism, the author establishes a philosophical framework that can support the broadly based, inter-disciplinary research agenda that has been envisaged for research on space accounting and possibly inform policy development.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to apply a critical realist perspective to space accounting and lays a philosophical foundation for future research on the topic.
Surface characteristic of corroded cold-formed thin-walled steel in industrial environments
Authors: Fan Li , Nie Biao 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the evolution law of surface characteristic of corroded cold-formed thin-walled steel in industrial environments.

Design/methodology/approach
Five test specimens sourced from cold-formed thin-walled C-shaped steel that have been in service for three years in actual industrial environments were subjected to surface characteristic test. The surface characteristic of corroded hot-rolled steel and cold-formed steel were compared and analyzed. The relationship between the surface morphology parameters and the average corrosion depth was established.

Findings
The evolution law of the surface morphology of corroded cold-formed thin-walled steel and corroded hot-rolled steel was similar. The frequency histogram of corrosion depth was mainly single peak with high values on the middle and low values on both sides. The corrosion depth conformed to the normal distribution. The roughness average height and the root mean square of surface height gradually increased linearly with increasing the average corrosion depth.

Originality/value
The reduction in the standard deviation of corrosion depth, the maximum corrosion depth, the roughness average height and the root mean square of surface height of the cold-formed thin-walled steel was smaller than those of the hot-rolled steel.
A scheduling model of civil aircraft maintenance stand based on spatiotemporal constraints
Authors: Liu Guihang , Guo Runxia , Chen Jiusheng 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Maintenance stands are the most valuable maintenance resources and provide the necessary maintenance space and maintenance facilities for aircraft maintenance. To expand the maintenance market, maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) urgently need to achieve a reasonable schedule between aircraft maintenance requirements and maintenance stand capability to improve aircraft maintenance continuity and reduce the risk of scratching due to aircraft movement. This study aims to design a maintenance stand scheduling (MSS) model based on spatiotemporal constraints to solve the problem of maintenance stand schedules.

Design/methodology/approach
To address the problem of maintenance stand schedules, this study introduces mixed-integer programming algorithm to design the MSS model on the basis of classical hybrid flow shop structure. When designing the optimization objective function of MSS modeling, the spatiotemporal constraints are mainly considered. Specifically, first, the spatial constraints between maintenance stands are fully considered so that more aircraft can be parked in the workshop. Second, the optimization objective is designed to minimize the number of aircraft movements by defining multiple maintenance capabilities of the stand. Finally, a solution based on spatiotemporal constraints is proposed in the solving process.

Findings
A set of MRO production data from Guangzhou is used as a test data set to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MSS model.

Originality/value
The types of maintenance stands are defined and divided into four categories: fixed stand, temporary stand, half-body stand and engine ground test stand, which facilitates optimal modeling; a new scheduling model is designed considering both temporal constraints and spatial constraints, which can improve both the utilization of maintenance stand and safety (reduce the risk of scratching between aircraft).
Breaking the glass ceiling: gender equality practices in a Japanese bank
Authors: Hosoda Masahiro , Nagano Shima 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore the mechanism of the relationships between financial and non-financial outcomes and gender equality through a case study of a Japanese bank that has consistently pursued gender equality.

Design/methodology/approach
A single case study was adopted to explore the outcomes of promoting gender equality. Primary data were collected from 12 semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed by rereading and coding the interview responses coded to generate themes.

Findings
Through governance reform in Company A, women have been placed in top management positions and the number of female managers has increased, allowing frontline intentions to be reflected in decision-making. The increased number of female managers has led to a decrease in female turnover, men taking parental leave, improved training of female managers and the recruitment of excellent new graduates. The appropriate allocation of jobs to female managers and employees also meets customer needs and has led to increased sales. Finally, involvement of female employees in product development in male-dominated workplaces brings women’s experiences and perspectives to product development, resulting in the development of products that are favoured by customers.

Originality/value
This study determined the mechanism behind the relationships between financial and non-financial outcomes and gender equality, based on agency, upper echelons, resource dependence, institutional and social role theories. It also contributes to gender equality research methodology by providing compelling qualitative stories of gender equality outcomes to increase a company’s commitment to promoting gender equality.
Resilient higher educational institutions in a world of digital transformation
Authors: Gull Maryam , Parveen Shazia , Sridadi Ahmad Rizki 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Resilient higher education institutions can endure, develop and compete in the face of ambiguous, challenging and pandemic situations. In a world of digital transformation, organizational resilience is crucial. Prior research has paid less attention to achieving organizational resilience. This study aims to use the digital capability theory to address this research gap and determine adaptive culture’s direct and indirect influence on organizational resilience. The impact of adaptive culture on organizational resilience is being investigated via the underlying mechanism of digital transformation.

Design/methodology/approach
The data was gathered using a cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire with convenience sampling techniques from higher educational institutions in South Asia’s context. The direct and indirect effects were analyzed using SEM from 294 teaching faculty members.

Findings
The findings show a significant positive association between the study’s constructs. The association between adaptive culture and organizational resilience was partially mediated by digital transformation. The findings provide important insights for policymakers, academics and higher education institutions in developing adaptable cultures to achieve organizational resilience, primarily through digital transformation.

Originality/value
Few research studies have investigated a direct relationship among the constructs of the study to the best of the authors’ knowledge. It is the first study to investigate the role of digital transformation as the underlying mechanism between adaptive culture and organizational resilience. Theoretical contributions, practical implications and future research directions have all been presented.
Network optimization for optimal product mix decisions in a graphite mining production process
Authors: Karunamuni Karunamunige Sandun Madhuranga , Ekanayake Ekanayake Mudiyanselage Kapila Bandara , Dharmapriya Subodha , Kulatunga Asela Kumudu 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop a novel general mathematical model to find the optimal product mix of commercial graphite products, which has a complex production process with alternative sub-processes in the graphite mining production process.Design/methodology/approachThe network optimization was adopted to model the complex graphite mining production process through the optimal allocation of raw graphite, byproducts, and saleable products with comparable sub-processes, which has different processing capacities and costs. The model was tested on a selected graphite manufacturing company, and the optimal graphite product mix was determined through the selection of the optimal production process. In addition, sensitivity and scenario analyses were carried out to accommodate uncertainties and to facilitate further managerial decisions.FindingsThe selected graphite mining company mines approximately 400 metric tons of raw graphite per month to produce ten types of graphite products. According to the optimum solution obtained, the company should produce only six graphite products to maximize its total profit. In addition, the study demonstrated how to reveal optimum managerial decisions based on optimum solutions.Originality/valueThis study has made a significant contribution to the graphite manufacturing industry by modeling the complex graphite mining production process with a network optimization technique that has yet to be addressed at this level of detail. The sensitivity and scenario analyses support for further managerial decisions.
Wage dispersion and firm performance: evidence from Kazakhstan
Authors: Yergabulova Aigerim , Alpysbayeva Dinara , Subramanian Venkat 
Published: July 2023

Purpose The aim of the paper is to explore within-firm vertical pay inequality and its relation to firm size and firm performance.Design/methodology/approach Using firm-level microdata for Kazakhstan, the authors measure within-firm pay inequality as the wage differential between the top- and the bottom-level job occupations. The authors carry out their analysis based on panel regression models.Findings The authors find that within-firm pay inequality increases as firms grow. Further, they identify that this trend is mainly driven by top-occupation workers receiving more significant wage increases compared to lower-level workers as firms expand. Once the authors address concerns about endogeneity, they find that pay inequality is negatively associated with firm performance.Practical implications Developing strategies and policies that prioritize fairness and transparency in compensation practices is crucial during the expansion process of firms. By actively discouraging rent-seeking behavior, firms can create a work environment that promotes productivity and sustainability, ultimately leading to improved firm performance. The research findings highlight the importance of implementing context-specific interventions, recognizing that different environments may require tailored approaches to address pay inequality effectively.Originality/value This study contributes to the study of within-firm pay inequality, firm size and performance in an emerging economy, an area that has been largely overlooked in previous empirical research. The contrasting findings show the importance of the structural and industrial characteristics of emerging markets that contribute to broader and deeper impact of pay inequality compared to developed economies.
Odd couples: reconciling academic and operational cultures for whole-institution sustainability governance at universities
Authors: Robinson John , Alhakim Andi Darell , Ma Grace , Alam Monisha , Brando Fernanda da Rocha , Braune Manfred , Brown Michelle , Côté Nicolas , Espinosa Denise Crocce Romano , Garza Ana Karen , Gorman David , Hajer Maarten , Madden John , Melnick Rob , Metras John , Newman Julie , Patel Rutu , Raven Rob , Sergienko Kenneth , Smith Victoria , Tariq Hoor , van der Lem Lysanne , Wong Christina Nga Jing , Wiek Arnim 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore barriers and pathways to a whole-institution governance of sustainability within the working structures of universities.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper draws on multi-year interviews and hierarchical structure analysis of ten universities in Canada, the USA, Australia, Hong Kong, South Africa, Brazil, the UK and The Netherlands. The paper addresses existing literature that championed further integration between the two organizational sides of universities (academic and operations) and suggests approaches for better embedding sustainability into four primary domains of activity (education, research, campus operations and community engagement).

Findings
This research found that effective sustainability governance needs to recognise and reconcile distinct cultures, diverging accountability structures and contrasting manifestations of central-coordination and distributed-agency approaches characteristic of the university’s operational and academic activities. The positionality of actors appointed to lead institution-wide embedding influenced which domain received most attention. The paper concludes that a whole-institution approach would require significant tailoring and adjustments on both the operational and academic sides to be successful.

Originality/value
Based on a review of sustainability activities at ten universities around the world, this paper provides a detailed analysis of the governance implications of integrating sustainability into the four domains of university activity. It discusses how best to work across the operational/academic divide and suggests principles for adopting a whole institution approach to sustainability.
Islamic economics and finance instructional leadership and curriculum practices: a case study of selected public universities in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed Abdeltawab , Abdullah Arnida , Ismail Ismi Arif , Asimiran Soaib 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore the instructional leadership practices implemented by academic professionals and leaders to enhance the curriculum of Islamic economics and finance (IEF) in two public universities in Saudi Arabia.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a qualitative approach, using a case study methodology that focused on two meticulously chosen universities in Saudi Arabia. A total of 21 academics from two public universities in Saudi Arabia who worked in IEF schools were selected for semi-structured interviews.

Findings
The findings showed that two universities in Saudi Arabia that offer degrees in IEF exhibited limited instructional leadership. The findings indicate four apparent barriers that may explain the lack of involvement in instructional leadership and fair practices in the IEF curriculum at Saudi Arabian universities. According to this study, a positive collegial climate in Saudi universities’ IEF promotes shared instructional leadership.

Research limitations/implications
The use of a limited qualitative method and small sample of respondents in this study may not provide enough evidence to generalise the findings to all universities and higher education schools in Saudi Arabia. Although a case study was used to describe IEF curriculum management and implementation at the two universities, caution should be exercised when applying these findings to other institutions.

Practical implications
IEF schools in Saudi universities need to leverage their positive, collaborative and relationship-building environments to develop activities that promote shared instructional leadership.

Originality/value
The research findings can offer valuable insights and examples for school leaders to develop instructional activities and promote the concept of “shared instructional leadership”. This approach involves delegating responsibilities and actions to others to enhance the IEF curriculum’s quality. Policymakers and university officials can use these findings to enhance strategic policies.