bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Functional Outcomes and Multidisciplinary Management after Ileorectal Duhamel Pull-Through for Total Colonic Aganglionosis—20-Year Experience in a Tertiary Surgical Center
Authors: Bhandarkar Kailas , De Coppi Paolo , Cross Kate , Blackburn Simon , Curry Joe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction Management of patients with total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) is challenging for pediatric surgeons. The purpose of this study was to review our institution's 20-year experience regarding long-term outcomes and multidisciplinary team management of these patients after an ileorectal Duhamel pull-through procedure.
Materials and Methods Retrospective review was conducted for all patients diagnosed with TCA in our tertiary institution. Data were collected on demographics, clinical presentation, complications, need for additional surgery, and long-term effects on bowel function.
Results Of a total of 202 patients with Hirschsprung's disease, 13 were diagnosed with TCA (6.4%). Clinical presentation was variable. Eleven presented in neonatal period with distal bowel obstruction and two presented with constipation in early infancy. Ileorectal Duhamel pull-through was performed in all patients. Median follow-up was 13 years. Eleven are toilet trained, of whom five are fully continent. Six continue to have problems with bowel continence or constipation. One developed recurrent episode of Hirschsprung's associated enterocolitis. Two patients had stoma re-established. Patients experiencing difficulties in bowel function are jointly managed by a multidisciplinary team consisting of surgeons, gastroenterologists, pediatric psychologists, and clinical nurse specialists.
Conclusion TCA can be associated with significant long-term morbidity. Nearly half of the patients in this series have ongoing problems with bowel continence requiring a permanent stoma in some. Diligent follow-up coupled with inputs of a multidisciplinary team has greatly helped manage these complex patients in our institution.
Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Clival Chordomas in Elderly Patients: Clinical Characteristics, Patient Outcome, and Recurrence Rate
Authors: Zoli Matteo , Carretta Alessandro , Rustici Arianna , Guaraldi Federica , Gori Davide , Cavicchi Riccardo , Sollini Giacomo , Asioli Sofia , Faustini-Fustini Marco , Pasquini Ernesto , Mazzatenta Diego 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction The endoscopic endonasal route has demonstrated to be the approach of choice for a large majority of clival chordomas (CCs). However, its results in elderly patients are under-evaluated in the literature. The aim of this study is to assess the surgical outcome for these patients, determining the factors associated with a larger tumor resection in this population.
Materials and Methods Our institutional database of CC has been retrospectively reviewed, to identify all cases over 65 years old, operated through an endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). Preoperative clinical and radiological features were considered, as well as surgical results, morbidity, and patients' outcome at follow-up.
Results Out of our series of 143 endoscopic surgical procedures for CC, 34 (23.8%) were in patients older than 65 and 10 in older than 75 (7.0%). Gross tumor removal was achieved in 22 cases (64.7%). Complications consisted of 2 (5.9%) postoperative cerebrospinal leaks, 1 (2.9%) meningitis, 1 (2.9%) permanent cranial nerve VI palsy, 1 (2.9%) pneumonia, and 2 (5.9%) urinary infections. In 39.1% of cases, the preoperative ophthalmoplegia improved or resolved. Twenty-seven patients (79.4%) underwent radiation therapy. At follow-up (37.7 ± 44.9 months), 13 patients (38.2%) showed a recurrence/progression and 13 (38.3%) deceased.
Conclusion EEA can be a useful approach in elderlies, balancing the large tumor removal with an acceptable morbidity rate, even if higher than that for general CC population. However, patient selection remains crucial. A multidisciplinary evaluation is important to assess not only their medical conditions, but also their social and familiar conditions.
Initial Evaluation of Focal Bone Lesions: How Do We Do It?
Authors: Gondim Teixeira Pedro Augusto , Lemore Astrée , Vogt Nora , Oster Julien , Hossu Gabriela , Gillet Romain , Blum Alain 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFocal bone lesions are frequent, and management greatly depends on the characteristics of their images. After briefly discussing the required work-up, we analyze the most relevant imaging signs for assessing potential aggressiveness. We also describe the imaging aspects of the various types of lesion matrices and their clinical implications.
Brittle Bone Imaging: Diagnostic Procedures in Adults
Authors: Cyteval Catherine , Szafors Paulina , Pastor Maxime 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article concentrates on generalized disorders causing bone fragility. The most frequent cause of brittle bone disease is osteoporosis, only diagnosed by elimination. First, malignant osteopathy must be ruled out: fracture on metastasis or multiple myeloma, which mimics osteoporosis when presenting as diffuse demineralization. Second, patients should be screened for signs of hyperparathyroidism or osteomalacia. Much more rarely, many other pathologies can lead to brittle bone by demineralization or associated increased bone density.The radiologist needs to know the clinical context and notably the patient's age (childhood or adulthood) at discovery, and known pathologies and ongoing or previous treatments: corticotherapy, bisphosphonates, denosumab, or prior radiotherapy in the affected region. Diagnostic hypotheses are guided by the type of demineralization and the presence of lytic, mixed, or densifying areas. Lastly, the aspect and location of fractures and association with other bone abnormalities refine the diagnosis.
Ventilation-Associated Pneumonia in Pediatric Intensive Care in Saudi Arabia: A Two-Year Retrospective Study of Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcome
Authors: Al-Sofyani Khouloud Abdulrhman 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective This article assesses the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients in western Saudi Arabia.
Methods A retrospective cohort study enrolled 375 children admitted to the PICU of King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The study data involves clinical assessment of pediatric patients admitted to the PICU who received mechanical ventilation for ≥ 48 hours to monitor the primary outcome of developing VAP. Statistical analysis with univariate and multivariate analysis, a chi-square test, and a logistic regression model were used to analyze the risk factors associated with VAP.
Results The VAP incidence among 375 enrolled patients was estimated to be 29.1% (95% class interval = 24.5–34.0%), accounting for 73.6 cases per 1,000 ventilator days. An approximately 1.4-fold increased mortality risk was observed in VAP cases with no statistical significance (p = 0.248). VAP incidence was independently associated with age groups 0 to 30 days (odds ratio [OR] = 6.88, p = 0.001), 1 to 12 months (OR = 4.55, p = 0.003), and > 6 years (OR = 3.45, p = 0.038), in addition to the nasogastric tube (OR = 2.23, p = 0.019), bronchoscopy (OR = 6.28, p = 0.001), and longer ICU stay including 4 to 7 days (OR = 4.08, p = 0.002) and > 7 days (OR = 4.96, p = 0.002).
Conclusion Given the observed high incidence of VAP, it is imperative to urgently enhance our preventive strategies and rigorously scrutinize VAP risk factors within the institution. Extra precautions and specific risk identification may be warranted in high-risk age groups. Our findings underscore the necessity for a comprehensive assessment of risk factors and etiological agents, aligning them with incidence rates. This proactive approach would facilitate the early implementation of strategic interventions and practices, potentially reducing VAP development.
A Prospective Longitudinal Quality Initiative toward Improved Enhanced Recovery after Cesarean Pathways
Authors: Cojocaru Liviu , Alton Suzanne , Pahlavan Autusa , Coghlan Martha , Seung Hyunuk , Trilling Ariel , Kodali Bhavani S. , Crimmins Sarah , Goetzinger Katherine R. 
Published: September 2023

Objective This study aimed to evaluate whether enhanced recovery after cesarean (ERAC) pathways reduces inpatient and outpatient opioid use, pain scores and improves the indicators of postoperative recovery.
Study Design This is a prospective, longitudinal, quality improvement study of all patients older than 18 undergoing an uncomplicated cesarean delivery (CD) at an academic medical center. We excluded complicated CD, patients with chronic pain disorders, chronic opioid use, acute postpartum depression, or mothers whose neonate demised before their discharge. Lastly, we excluded non-English- and non-Spanish-speaking patients. Our study compared patient outcomes before (pre-ERAC) and after (post-ERAC) implementation of ERAC pathways. Primary outcomes were inpatient morphine milligram equivalent (MME) use and the patient's delta pain scores. Secondary outcomes were outpatient MME prescriptions and indicators of postoperative recovery (time to feeding, ambulation, and hospital discharge).
Results Of 308 patients undergoing CD from October 2019 to September 2020, 196 were enrolled in the pre-ERAC cohort and 112 in the post-ERAC cohort. Patients in the pre-ERAC cohort were more likely to require opioids in the postoperative period compared with the post-ERAC cohort (81.6 vs. 64.3%, p < 0.001). Likewise, there was a higher use of MME per stay in the pre-ERAC cohort (30 [20–49] vs. 16.8 MME [11.2–33.9], p < 0.001). There was also a higher number of patients who required prescribed opioids at the time of discharge (98 vs. 86.6%, p < 0.001) as well as in the amount of MMEs prescribed (150 [150–225] vs. 150 MME [112–150], p < 0.001; different shape of distribution). Furthermore, the patients in the pre-ERAC cohort had higher delta pain scores (3.3 [2.3–4.7] vs. 2.2 [1.3–3.7], p < 0.001).
Conclusion Our study has illustrated that our ERAC pathways were associated with reduced inpatient opioid use, outpatient opioid use, patient-reported pain scores, and improved indicators of postoperative recovery.
Key Points
An Exploratory Study on the Utility of Patient-Generated Health Data as a Tool for Health Care Professionals in Multiple Sclerosis Care
Authors: Guardado Sharon , Mylonopoulou Vasiliki , Rivera-Romero Octavio , Patt Nadine , Bansi Jens , Giunti Guido 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Patient-generated health data (PGHD) are data collected through technologies such as mobile devices and health apps. The integration of PGHD into health care workflows can support the care of chronic conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Patients are often willing to share data with health care professionals (HCPs) in their care team; however, the benefits of PGHD can be limited if HCPs do not find it useful, leading patients to discontinue data tracking and sharing eventually. Therefore, understanding the usefulness of mobile health (mHealth) solutions, which provide PGHD and serve as enablers of the HCPs' involvement in participatory care, could motivate them to continue using these technologies.
Objective The objective of this study is to explore the perceived utility of different types of PGHD from mHealth solutions which could serve as tools for HCPs to support participatory care in MS.
Method A mixed-methods approach was used, combining qualitative research and participatory design. This study includes three sequential phases: data collection, assessment of PGHD utility, and design of data visualizations. In the first phase, 16 HCPs were interviewed. The second and third phases were carried out through participatory workshops, where PGHD types were conceptualized in terms of utility.
Results The study found that HCPs are optimistic about PGHD in MS care. The most useful types of PGHD for HCPs in MS care are patients' habits, lifestyles, and fatigue-inducing activities. Although these subjective data seem more useful for HCPs, it is more challenging to visualize them in a useful and actionable way.
Conclusion HCPs are optimistic about mHealth and PGHD as tools to further understand their patients' needs and support care in MS. HCPs from different disciplines have different perceptions of what types of PGHD are useful; however, subjective types of PGHD seem potentially more useful for MS care.
From intersection to interculture
Authors: Öztürk Sare Rabia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The present chapter explores some of the
pre-Ottoman cultural dynamics in the Middle East that led to the
meeting of Turkish, Arabic and Persian as densely intercrossing
languages in the formation of the classical Ottoman cultural sphere.
It aims to chart the movement of people, knowledge, customs,
practices and centers of power across the Middle East in a
historical survey that will offer a networked flow of such movements
and highlight the place of translation in the process. It roughly
covers the period from the 5th century to the 14th century, which is
about a hundred years into the start of the Ottoman empire in the
region.
The central premise is that the historical flows
between the three cultures associated with Arabic, Persian and
Turkish led to the classical Ottoman setting of
interculture (Paker 2002), whereby Ottoman translators
engaged with Persian and Arabic as both source languages and
language components of an Ottoman epistemic discourse. It highlights
the degree to which cultural input can be influenced by
intercultural transfers in several domains such as science,
literature, bureaucracy, education and religion.
The role of literary agents in the international flow of
texts
Authors: Tekgül-Akın Duygu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the role of international
literary agents in the flow of texts and the network of relations of
the global literary market. A major element of agents’ work is
interlingual translation, complemented by cultural and intersemiotic
translation, as they act as brokers between authors, translators and
publishers located in different national contexts. In the case of
literary agents promoting lesser-known national literatures abroad,
the role of cultural mediation also includes managing the image of
nations and cultures. The study explores the acts of translation
that international literary agents undertake and commission, as well
as acts of image building through such translation. The analysis is
based on a case study from Turkey: Kalem Agency, the largest
literary agency in the country. The discussion draws on content and
discourse analysis based on interviews with the co-founder, Nermin
Mollaoğlu, as well as published news items and promotional material
produced by Kalem.
Tablet interpreting
Authors: Goldsmith Joshua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Since the release of the first modern tablets in the
early 2010s, interpreters have explored ways to incorporate these devices
into their practice. This trend has grown as institutions issued tablets to
staff interpreters and universities and freelancers explored tablet
interpreting.
This article describes the first decade of tablet
interpreting, which is defined as “the use of a tablet to support one or more aspects of interpreting.” It begins by painting a picture of its history, discussing
pioneering explorations of tablet use and situating tablet interpreting
within the broader context of computer-assisted interpreting (CAI). Then,
it analyzes published research on tablet interpreting and considers how tablets can be used for preparation, different interpreting modes (consecutive, simultaneous, and hybrid modalities) business productivity, and the teaching of interpreting. After presenting this comprehensive snapshot of tablet interpreting
research to date, it considers the strengths and shortcomings of
tablets for interpreting and gaps in tablet interpreting research. It concludes by outlining six key
directions for future research on tablet interpreting.
Towards AI-enhanced computer-assisted interpreting
Authors: Fantinuoli Claudio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Over the last 20 years, digital tools for interpreters
have evolved from easy-to-use glossary creation and management solutions to
complex workstations that cover most stages of the interpreter workflow,
from assignment preparation to terminology lookup during interpretation.
Currently, computer-aided interpretation (CAI) tools are starting to offer
advanced features based on recent developments in artificial intelligence,
such as automatic speech recognition, machine translation, etc., sometimes
becoming part of integrated platforms, for example for the provision of
remote interpretation.
This chapter provides a historical overview of CAI tools
focusing on current technological developments in the artificial
intelligence (AI) space. It begins by discussing the rationale for creating
tailor-made interpreter support tools in the light of interpreters’ specific
needs. Against this background, the author offers a chronological overview
of the development of CAI technology and a comparison and categorization of
the available tools. Previous research on computer-assisted interpreting is
briefly presented. It follows a general introduction to key AI topics as
applied to the field of interpreting technology. The conclusions address
potential avenues for future developments and challenges.
Grammatical mapping in L3 acquisition
Authors: Fernández-Berkes Éva , Flynn Suzanne 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, we focus on the question of how
development may take place in multilingual (L3) acquisition and
the role of prior knowledge in this process. The theoretical paradigm
called Grammatical Mapping (GM) (Lust, 2012 for L1
acquisition) supposes an active, albeit unconscious, creative
involvement of the learner in the construction of the specific language
grammar constrained and guided by Universal Grammar
(UG). We propose that the GM paradigm provides a valid and
principled account of the process of multilingual acquisition as
well. By means of presenting concrete examples from our previous
experimental research, we will illustrate how the three essential
predictions deriving from this paradigm also bear out in the
multilingual scenario. Similar to L1 acquisition, UG’s structure-dependent and invariant principle(s) are
shown to be at work in multilingual
development. Moreover, based on error analyses of
multilingual learners’ errors and
reformations in elicited productions, we present
tangible indications that multilingual learners draw upon previously
known language grammars while engaged in linguistic computation –
analysis, dissociation and integration – of target language-specific
components. Our contribution to the GM paradigm is
the specification of the manner in which multilingual learners draw
upon previous knowledge in the construction of new target grammar,
thus extricating explicit from implicit linguistic knowledge. We
expect that the application of this paradigm onto multilingual
experimental data may shed light on the degree to which
domain-specific innate principles guide and constrain language
acquisition in general.
Dynamics in cross-linguistic influence
Authors: Zhang Linxi , Morales-Front Alfonso , Sanz Cristina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the aim of uncovering the dynamics
of cross-linguistic influence (CLI), the present
study investigates the production of word-initial stops by
L1 Mandarin-L2 English
bilinguals learning L3 Spanish over
the course of a semester. For this purpose, six Spanish
majors at a university in Beijing, China (two 2nd semester,
two 4th semester and two 6th semester) were recorded reading
word lists containing voiced and voiceless stop
consonants in Mandarin, English and Spanish. Stop tokens
were coded for voice onset
time (VOT). Individual plots revealed different
patterns for voiced and voiceless stops; they also detected
trends of both progressive
and regressive CLI in VOT
with variation among and within learners. Findings support
the hypothesis that CLI operates
property by property and is sensitive to the
learning of a phonological feature as
well as to a learner’s proficiency level. Results are
discussed within the Complex Dynamic System Theory (CDST)
framework.
Understanding interfacial conductance in non-stoichimetric Ca
x
Ta
y
O3−δ
/SrTiO3
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Nehra Simran , Shrivastava Shikha , Rathi A , Maurya K K , Ojha Sunil , Chhillar Sonu , Yadav C S , Chawla Vipin , Dogra Anjana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In search of novel conducting oxide heterointerfaces, we previously uncovered an distinctive quasi two-dimensional electron gas (q-2DEG) type behaviour in non-stoichimetric CaxTayO3-δ/SrTiO3 heterostructure. However, the underlying mechanism remained enigmatic. In this study, we delve into the intricate interplay of growth conditions, stoichiometry, and transport properties of these heterostructures. Using (Ca0.5TaO3)2 Target and the pulsed laser deposition technique, we grow the epitaxial thin films while systematically varying growth parameters, inculding laser energy density, oxygen pressures, and post-deposition annealing. Structural analysis unveiled a notable presence of oxygen vacancies in the as-grown films, while annealed samples exhibited an oxygen surplus. Building upon these findings, our comprehensive charge transport measurements revealed that while oxygen vacancies do contribute to conductivity, the polar catastrophe model takes precedence as the primary source of interfacial conductance in these heterostructures. This study provides valueable insights into the behavior of these innovative heterostructures, paving the way for future advancements in the field.
Ultra-thin 2D Fe3GaTe2 rare-earth free permanent magnet at finite temperatures
Authors: Marfoua Brahim , Khan Imran , Hong Jisang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Despite extensive studies on permanent magnets (PMs) in bulk-type materials, the possibility of PMs in two-dimensional (2D) materials is barely explored so far. In this work, we systematically investigate temperature dependent magnetic properties of 2D trilayer and four-layer Fe3GaTe2 systems based on the first principle calculations. The calculated Curie temperature (T
C) in both trilayer and four-layer structures are 340 K–352 K. Both systems have perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and the uniaxial anisotropy constant is monotonically decreased with increasing temperature. At 300 K, the 2D Fe3GaTe2 has a coercive field of 0.34 T in the trilayer and it becomes 0.44 T in the four-layer. Besides, both systems have a magnetic hardness parameter κ larger than 1 even at 300 K. We also obtain a maximum energy product (BH)max of 24 kJ m−3 in the trilayer, and it is further increased to 26 kJ m−3 in the four-layer at 300 K. Nonetheless, these (BH)max are decreased by more than two times with including the demagnetization factor. Overall, we obtain that 2D Fe3GaTe2 at 2–3 nm (trilayer and four-layer) thickness possesses the same scale of coercive field and maximum energy product of well-known bulk ferrite PM. Our findings may indicate that the atomically thin 2D system can be a potential rare-earth-free PM for small-scale device applications.