bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitor amb control strategies to reduce the impact of process variations in digital circuits
Authors:   , Mauricio Ferré Joan 
Published: August 2023

As CMOS technology scales down, Process, Voltage, Temperature and Ageing (PVTA) variations have an increasing impact on the performance and power consumption of electronic devices. These issues may hold back the continuous improvement of these devices in the near future. There are several ways to face the variability problem: to increase the operating margins of maximum clock frequency, the implementation of lithographic friendly layout styles, and the last one and the focus of this thesis, to adapt the circuit to its actual manufacturing and environment conditions by tuning some of the adjustable parameters once the circuit has been manufactured. The main challenge of this thesis is to develop a low-area variability compensation mechanism to automatically mitigate PVTA variations in run-time, i.e. while integrated circuit is running. This implies the development of a sensor to obtain the most accurate picture of variability, and the implementation of a control block to knob some of the electrical parameters of the circuit.
A mesura que la tecnologia CMOS escala, les variacions de Procés, Voltatge, Temperatura i Envelliment (PVTA) tenen un impacte creixent en el rendiment i el consum de potència dels dispositius electrònics. Aquesta problemàtica podria arribar a frenar la millora contínua d'aquests dispositius en un futur proper. Hi ha diverses maneres d'afrontar el problema de la variabilitat: relaxar el marge de la freqüència màxima d'operació, implementar dissenys físics de xips més fàcils de litografiar, i per últim i com a tema principal d'aquesta tesi, adaptar el xip a les condicions de fabricació i d'entorn mitjançant la modificació d'algun dels seus paràmetres ajustables una vegada el circuit ja ha estat fabricat. El principal repte d'aquesta tesi és desenvolupar un mecanisme de compensació de variabilitat per tal de mitigar les variacions PVTA de manera automàtica en temps d'execució, és a dir, mentre el xip està funcionant. Això implica el desenvolupament d'un sensor capaç de mesurar la variabilitat de la manera més acurada possible, i la implementació d'un bloc de control que permeti l'ajust d'alguns dels paràmetres elèctrics dels circuits.
ปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิกในผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวี
Authors:   , ทองพูล พนิต 
Published: August 2023

การวิจัยนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงวิเคราะห์ความสัมพันธ์แบบเก็บข้อมูลย้อนหลัง เพื่อหาปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิกในผู้ป่วยติดเชื้อเอชไอวีที่ได้รับการรักษาด้วยยาต้านไวรัส ณ โรงพยาบาลตำรวจ มีกลุ่มตัวอย่างเข้าร่วมการวิจัย 292 ราย โดยกลุ่มตัวอย่างส่วนใหญ่เป็นเพศชายร้อยละ 64 อายุเฉลี่ย 45.6 ± 8.5 ปี พบความชุกในการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิกร้อยละ 24.8 โดยมีปัจจัยที่เพิ่มความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิก ได้แก่ เพศชายมีความเสี่ยงสูงกว่าเพศหญิง 7.1 เท่า (p<0.001) อายุมากกว่าหรือเท่ากับ 45 ปี เพิ่มความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิก 2.2 เท่า (p=0.016) ระยะเวลาในการใช้ยาต้านไวรัสมากกว่า 84 เดือน เพิ่มความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิก 2.4 เท่า (p=0.006) เมื่อวิเคราะห์ความสัมพันธ์โดยควบคุมระยะเวลาในการได้รับยาต้านไวรัสนาน 5 ปี พบปัจจัยที่เพิ่มความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิก ได้แก่ เพศชายมีความเสี่ยงสูงกว่าเพศหญิง 5.3 เท่า (p=0.009) อายุมากกว่าหรือเท่ากับ 45 ปี เพิ่มความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิก 2.4 เท่า (p=0.035) ระดับคอเลสเตอรอลในเลือดที่มากกว่า 200 มิลลิกรัมต่อเดซิลิตร เพิ่มความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิก 2.8 เท่า (p=0.012) โดยกลุ่มตัวอย่างที่เกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิกมีความเสี่ยงต่อความเสี่ยงในการเกิดโรคหัวใจและหลอดเลือดสูงมากกว่าผู้ที่มีไม่เกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิก 9.6 เท่า (p=0.031) ผลการศึกษานี้แสดงในเห็นว่า นอกจากปัจจัยที่ใช้ในการวินิจฉัยการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิกตามเกณฑ์ของ NCEP ATP III 5 ปัจจัย ยังพบว่า เพศชาย อายุที่มากขึ้น ระดับคอเลสเตอรอลในเลือดที่สูงขึ้น และระยะเวลาในการใช้ยาต้านไวรัสที่นานขึ้น ทำให้ความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิกในผู้ป่วยติดเชื้อเอชไอวีที่ได้รับการรักษาด้วยยาต้านไวรัสเพิ่มขึ้น ดังนั้นควรมีการวางแผนเฝ้าระวังการเกิดกลุ่มอาการเมตาบอลิกในกลุ่มผู้ป่วยติดเชื้อเอชไอวีที่มีปัจจัยข้างต้นนี้ เพื่อเป็นวางแผนป้องกันการเกิดโรคหัวใจและหลอดเลือดต่อไป
LOCK IN ISOMORPHIC CHANGE? CAMEROON PATH DEPENDENCY TO ITS HISTORICAL THRESHOLDS.
Authors: NOBOLA Jean Emile 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper makes the case for the causal relation between national historical thresholds, isomorphic change, path dependency and the policy transfer of governance systems in a developing country emerging from a long ‘western domination.’ The study used the isomorphic change to trace back the trajectory of administrative reform in a developing country like Cameroon. The theory of path dependency has provided the needed tools to decipher the hidden dynamics of administrative models loosely adopted through the lenses of the multi-level account of policy transfer. Finally, the systematic analysis of the German protectorate from 1884 to 1916, the France and British mandate and trusteeship from 1916 to 1945 and from 1945 to 1956/57 respectively, laid out the policy transfer’s dynamics and the lock-in frame binding the Cameroonian administrative reform into an atypical furrow of largely ritualistic/ceremonial changes. The said changes are hiding long-lasting conformity to mores of neo-patrimonialism, strategic conformity to international standards and the increasing returns’ outcomes ascribing the country into a path dependent ‘trap’ since. By looking for causal assessment of historical sequences on today’s administrative outcomes in Cameroon, associated with a systematic and contextualised comparison of similar and contrasting cases, this research is conducted from the standpoint of comparative historical analysis. The core finding is that after several decades, Cameroon has adopted trajectories that remain fundamentally disconnected from domestic cultural and anthropological realities, producing hybrid, decoupled systems of governance. The study concludes that the historical cornerstones of Cameroon have promoted and served as fertile ground for the isomorphic reproduction and policy transfer of administrative models from former resident foreign countries (Germany, Great Britain and France).
The Influence of Danu Suci Gus Teja's Instrumental Music on Hypertension in the Elderly in Pucaksari Village | Pengaruh Musik Instrumental Danu Suci Gus Teja Terhadap Hipertensi Pada Lansia Di Desa Pucaksari
Authors: Dwani Anantara Ni Made Intan , Artana I Wayan , Dewi Si Putu Agung Ayu Pertiwi 
Published: August 2023

Hipertensi dapat menimbulkan dampak yang tidak baik bila ditangani dengan tidak tepat. Dampak tersebut antara lain stroke, penyakit jantung, epilepsi, dan glaukoma, sehingga penyakit ini perlu penanganan yang tepat. Penanganan dapat dilakukan dengan pengobatan farmakologi dan non farmakologi. Salah satu penanganan non farmakologi yaitu dengan mendengarkan musik instrumental. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh musik instrumental danu suci Gus Teja terhadap hipertensi pada lansia di Desa Pucaksari, Busungbiu, Buleleng. Penelitian tersebut menggunakan metode Eksperimental dengan Pretest-Postest. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu 40 lansia yang dipilih dengan cara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi, dan alat pengukur tekanan darah menggunakan Sphygmomanometer digital kemudian analisis menggunakan uji statistik Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa ada perbedaan rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik sebelum dan setelah diperdengarkan musik instrumental sebesar 11,78 sedangkan perbedaan rata-rata tekanan darah diastoliknya sebesar 7,75. Musik instrumental danu suci Gus Teja dapat menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik pada lansia di Desa Pucaksari secara bermaksa (p-value <0,05), begitu juga diastolik dengan p-value <0,05. Lansia di Desa Pucaksari sebaiknya mendengarkan musik instrumental danu suci Gus Teja untuk menurunkan tekanan darah systolik dan diastoliknya selain dengan obat-obatan medis.
Conocimientos, prácticas y actitudes del manejo programático de la tuberculosis en estudiantes de medicina de Colombia
Authors: Montes Tello Sofia Alexandra , Moreno Turriago Mabel Soraya , Tello Cajiao María Elena , Serrano Tejada Laura María , Rodas Morales Álvaro José , García Goez José Fernando 
Published: August 2023

Background: The tuberculosis is an infectious disease with high disease burden in Colombia, so medical education is expected to be standard in all regions and medical students have competencies in the operative management of tuberculosis. This study evaluated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices in tuberculosis in medical students in Colombia and related factors. Methods: Questionnaire for the evaluation of knowledge, attitudes, and practices in tuberculosis in medical students in Colombia, who were in clinical semesters and were registered at the 2020 annual meeting of the Asociación de Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina de Colombia (ASCEMCOL) to establish the level of knowledge in tuberculosis. Result: The study found that students from regions with a higher burden of disease, such as the Eje Cafetero had higher scores that those from other regions. On the other hand, it was observed that the student´s own experience in tuberculosis screening (tuberculin skin test PPD – Mantoux) and the clinical experience in care patients with tuberculosis are related to the knowledge of the programmatic management of tuberculosis. Conclusions: The study shows a low level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of programmatic management of tuberculosis in medical students in clinical semester in Colombia.
Introducción: La tuberculosis es una enfermedad infecciosa con alta carga de la enfermedad en Colombia, por lo que se espera que la educación médica sea estándar en todas las regiones y los estudiantes de medicina tengan competencias en el manejo operativo de la tuberculosis. Este estudio evaluó los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en tuberculosis en estudiantes de medicina de Colombia y los factores relacionados. Métodos: Cuestionario de evaluación de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en tuberculosis en estudiantes de medicina en Colombia, que cursaban semestre clínico y se encontraban inscritos en la reunión anual 2020 de la Asociación de Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina de Colombia (ASCEMCOL) para establecer el nivel de conocimientos en tuberculosis. Resultados: Se evidenció que los estudiantes de regiones con mayor carga de la enfermedad como el Eje Cafetero presenta puntajes más altos de forma diferencial a las otras regiones. Por otra parte, se observó que la experiencia propia del estudiante en el tamizaje para tuberculosis (prueba cutánea de la tuberculina PPD - Mantoux) y la experiencia en la atención de pacientes con tuberculosis en el entorno clínico están relacionadas a los conocimientos del manejo programático de la tuberculosis. Conclusión: El estudio demuestra bajo nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas del manejo programático de la tuberculosis en los estudiantes de medicina que cursaban semestres clínicos en Colombia.
APROXIMACIÓN AL TURISMO DE SALUD DESDE LA GEOGRAFÍA. DEFINICIÓN Y CAMPO DE ESTUDIO
Authors: Braçe Olta , Garrido-Cumbrera Marco , García-Marín Ramón 
Published: August 2023

Since ancient history, human beings have travelled to other places in search of remedies to improve their health or find a cure for their disease. In the last decades, the number of people traveling in search of medical and wellness treatments and interventions has grown significantly, making health tourism an important sector of the global economy. Therefore, health tourism, due to its potential, represents a great opportunity for business, wealth, and employment development. Spain, thanks to its geographical position and a series of environmental, climatic, cultural and lifestyle characteristics, has become the second most visited country by tourists. Its wide range of health services and its availability of resources have made it one of the main tourist destinations for medical and/or wellness reasons. Despite the innumerable benefits of international health tourism, the development of this tourism typology can also have adverse effects. These disadvantages must be overcome through healthcare strategies - by the responsible governments and institutions - to guarantee and accredit the veracity and quality of these services in the visited countries. This would give greater certainty and trust to health tourists without affecting access and health care for residents in the receiving country.
Desde la antigüedad, los seres humanos han viajado a otros lugares en busca de remedios para mejorar su salud o encontrar una cura a su enfermedad. En las últimas décadas, el número de personas que viajan en busca de tratamientos e intervenciones médicas y de bienestar ha crecido notablemente, convirtiendo al turismo de salud en un importante sector de la economía mundial. Por ello, el turismo de salud, debido a su potencial, representa una gran oportunidad de negocio, creación de riqueza y empleo. España, gracias a su posición geográfica y a una serie de características ambientales, climáticas, culturales y estilos de vida se ha convertido en el segundo país más visitado por los turistas. Su amplia oferta de servicios sanitarios y su disponibilidad de recursos la han convertido en uno de los principales destinos turísticos por motivos médicos y/o de bienestar. A pesar de los innumerables beneficios del turismo de salud internacional, el desarrollo de esta tipología también puede tener efectos adversos, tanto en el país receptor, como en el país emisor. Estos inconvenientes deben superarse mediante estrategias sanitarias - por parte de los gobiernos y las instituciones responsables - que permitan garantizar y acreditar la veracidad y calidad de estas prestaciones en los países receptores. De este modo, se daría mayor tranquilidad y confianza a los turistas de salud sin que ello repercuta en el acceso y la atención sanitaria por parte de los residentes en el país receptor.
Redaktionelt forord
Authors: Marcussen Martin 
Published: August 2023

Det er ikke ligefrem ordet »orden«, der falder én ind med tanke på europæisk og dansk sikkerhed. I allerbredeste forstand er det nærmest blevet normen at tale om, at vi befinder os i en permanent undtagelsestilstand – en permakrise. Et utal af sammenkædede udviklingstendenser – militærkrise, klimakrise, inflationskrise, sundhedskrise, identitetskrise og politisk krise – giver indtrykket af, at verden ikke bare er kompleks men også mere usikker og uforudsigelig end i mands minde.
I dette temanummer udvikles et begrebsapparat, der gør os i stand til at forstå denne »orden«. Vi får indblik i, hvilke relationer, der er opstået mellem øst og vest såvel som på det europæiske kontinent. Vi får også et bud på, hvordan vi bedst kan forstå dansk udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik inden for rammerne af den europæiske og globale sikkerhedsorden. På den måde er temanummeret selv med til at skabe orden – en konceptuel orden – i en ellers forvirret og foruroligende verden.
Musique pour une poésie de derrière les barreaux. John McLeod et la mise en musique du poème concentrationnaire
Authors: Stawiarski Marcin 
Published: August 2023

Cet article aborde la question de la mise en musique du poème concentrationnaire dans deux recueils de chants écrits par John McLeod : Chansons de la nuit et du brouillard et Three Poems of Irina Ratushinskaya. L’auteur retrace la genèse littéraire et historique de ces oeuvres et analyse les implications philosophiques découlant de la spécificité de la structuration du discours musical grâce à l’étude de la courbe mélodique dans les chansons de McLeod.
The accumulation of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells participates in abdominal infection‐induced tumor progression through the PD‐L1/PD‐1 axis
Authors: Wang Yiding , Guo Ting , Xing Xiaofang , Liu Xijuan , Gan Xuejun , Li Yingai , Liu Yan , Shan Fei , Wu Zhouqiao , Ji Jiafu , Li Ziyu 
Published: January 2025

Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide, with gastrectomy being the primary treatment option. Sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response to infection, may influence tumor growth by creating an immunosuppressive environment conducive to cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Here, the effect of abdominal infection on tumor growth and metastasis was investigated through the implementation of a peritoneal metastasis model and a subcutaneous tumor model. In a murine model induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to simulate the effects of sepsis, we observed significant immune dysregulation, including T‐cell exhaustion and the release of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This immune alteration was associated with increased programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) expression on T cells and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression on MDSCs within the tumor microenvironment, fostering an immune‐suppressive environment. Polymorphonuclear MDSCs (PMN‐MDSCs) expressing elevated PD‐L1 after sepsis demonstrated more substantial suppressive effects on T‐cell proliferation than controls. Treatment with anti‐PD‐1 monoclonal antibodies successfully restored T‐cell function, reduced mortality, and decreased metastasis in CLP mice. These findings emphasize the impact of sepsis on tumor progression and suggest targeting the PD‐1/PD‐L1 axis as a potential therapeutic strategy for managing immune dysfunction in patients with cancer.
The deconstruction of the psoriasis system based on the theory of state‐target differentiation and treatment
Authors: Ma Jie , Wang Lei , Zhou Dongmei , Zuo Xianbo , Jiang Wenbo , Qi Yiming , Sheng Yujun , Cui Yong , Bai Yanping 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by its recurrent nature, often accompanied by various systemic comorbidities. It may not fully satisfy the precise diagnostic and therapeutic demands for psoriasis by the theory of syndrome differentiation and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Guided by Academician Tong Xiaolin's “theory of state‐target differentiation and treatment,” psoriasis can be divided into “early stage, middle stage, and late stage,” and “constraint state, excess state, and deficiency state.” Defining the target prescription and targeted Chinese materia medcia of psoriasis in each stage and establishing the system of state‐target differentiation and treatment of psoriasis could provide a new model for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Guided Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography for 3D Imaging of the Murine Colon
Authors: Buehler Adrian , Brown Emma L. , Eckstein Markus , Thoma Oana‐Maria , Wachter Felix , Mandelbaum Henriette , Ludwig Petra , Claßen Merle , Oraiopoulou Mariam‐Eleni , Rother Ulrich , Neurath Markus F. , Woelfle Joachim , Waldner Maximilian J. , Friedrich Oliver , Knieling Ferdinand , Bohndiek Sarah E. , Regensburger Adrian P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMultispectral optoacoustic tomography is a promising medical imaging modality that combines light and sound to provide molecular imaging information at depths of several centimeters, based on the optical absorption of endogenous chromophores, such as hemoglobin. Assessment of inflammatory bowel disease has emerged as a promising clinical application of optoacoustic tomography. In this context, preclinical studies in animal models are essential to identify novel disease‐specific imaging biomarkers and understand findings from emerging clinical pilot studies, however to‐date, these studies have been limited by the precise identification of the bowel wall. Herein, a transrectal‐absorber guide is applied, serving as a high‐contrast landmark for 3D optoacoustic tomography of the colon. This study shows that guided multispectral optoacoustic tomography is able to measure changes in blood oxygenation status over the course of acute, chemically‐induced colitis in mice and correlates with standard disease activity scores. This novel approach depicts intestinal hemoglobin composition non‐invasively during murine inflammation. These results underscore the potential for optoacoustic imaging in translational inflammatory bowel disease research.
Economic value of dual‐purpose cowpea as affected by variety, fertilizer, and environment
Authors: Obour Augustine K. , Faye Aliou , Akplo Tobi Moriaque , Stewart Zachary P. , Min Doohong , Prasad P. V. Vara , Assefa Yared 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAcross the semiarid regions of West Africa, cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) varieties grown by farmers are either grain‐ or forage‐only, and often fields are not fertilized. Information regarding profitability of dual‐purpose over traditional varieties and fertilizer application in cowpea production system is limited. The main objective of this study was to quantify the economic value of newly released dual‐purpose and forage cowpea varieties and fertilizer inputs across the Senegalese peanut basin. This field study was conducted across three locations in Senegal (Bambey, Boulel, and Darou Mousty) in 2021 and 2022. Treatments were 20 cowpea varieties in the main plot and two levels of fertilizer (an unfertilized control and fertilized) in the subplot. Cowpea varieties E‐BC4STR1, E‐BC4STR5, E‐BC4STR11, Kelle, and Melakh had relatively greater grain yields (average 429–474 kg ha−1) in all environments. Forage varieties 66‐35F and 58‐74F produced the most forage (average 2353 and 1717 kg ha−1) yields across environments. Fertilizer‐NPK application increased grain yield by 22%–40% in most environments. Unlike grain yield, varietal effects on forage yields occurred only with fertilizer application. Dual‐purpose cowpea varieties E‐BC4STR1, E‐BC4STR2, E‐BC4STR5, and E‐BC4STR11 had a stable, significant economic value in our study compared with grain‐only variety Yacine (traditional variety) or forage variety 66‐35F. Fertilizer‐NPK increased net revenue in four out of six environments. We conclude that using dual‐purpose cowpea varieties provided significant economic advantage over traditional varieties, and application of fertilizer further increased the economic value. However, further studies are needed to determine the economically optimal fertilizer rate.