bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Warming, drought, and disturbances lead to shifts in functional composition: A millennial‐scale analysis for Amazonian and Andean sites
Authors: van der Sande Masha T. , Bush Mark B. , Åkesson Christine M. , Berrio Juan Carlos , Correia Metrio Alex , Flantua Suzette G. A. , Hooghiemstra Henry , Maezumi S. Yoshi , McMichael Crystal N. H. , Montoya Encarni , Mosblech Nicole A. S. , de Novaes Nascimento Majoi , Peña‐Claros Marielos , Poorter Lourens , Raczka Marco F. , Gosling William D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTropical forests are changing in composition and productivity, probably in response to changes in climate and disturbances. The responses to these multiple environmental drivers, and the mechanisms underlying the changes, remain largely unknown. Here, we use a functional trait approach on timescales of 10,000 years to assess how climate and disturbances influence the community‐mean adult height, leaf area, seed mass, and wood density for eight lowland and highland forest landscapes. To do so, we combine data of eight fossil pollen records with functional traits and proxies for climate (temperature, precipitation, and El Niño frequency) and disturbances (fire and general disturbances). We found that temperature and disturbances were the most important drivers of changes in functional composition. Increased water availability (high precipitation and low El Niño frequency) generally led to more acquisitive trait composition (large leaves and soft wood). In lowland forests, warmer climates decreased community‐mean height probably because of increased water stress, whereas in highland forests warmer climates increased height probably because of upslope migration of taller species. Disturbance increased the abundance of acquisitive, disturbance‐adapted taxa with small seeds for quick colonization of disturbed sites, large leaves for light capture, and soft wood to attain fast height growth. Fire had weak effects on lowland forests but led to more stress‐adapted taxa that are tall with fast life cycles and small seeds that can quickly colonize burned sites. Site‐specific analyses were largely in line with cross‐site analyses, except for varying site‐level effects of El Niño frequency and fire activity, possibly because regional patterns in El Niño are not a good predictor of local changes, and charcoal abundances do not reflect fire intensity or severity. With future global changes, tropical Amazonian and Andean forests may transition toward shorter, drought‐ and disturbance‐adapted forests in the lowlands but taller forests in the highlands.
In support of interoperability: A laboratory perspective
Authors: Rychert Jenna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHealthcare in the United States has become increasingly digital since the passage of the HITECH Act in 2009. As a result, there is a growing need to optimize healthcare IT to allow for the interoperable exchange of data. As a result, the Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT has implemented their Final Rule for the 21st Century Cures Act. This requires certified health IT systems to use modernized messaging standards for the safe and secure exchange of data within health information networks and also requires the use of terminology standards including LOINC, SNOMED CT, and UCUM for coding clinical and laboratory data. Given the critical importance of laboratory results in the delivery of healthcare, laboratorians must become familiar with these principles of interoperability. Their clinical laboratory expertise is needed to appropriately structure and code test results to safeguard against improper aggregation or misinterpretation by downstream users and systems.
Polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cells play a proinflammatory role via TNF‐α+ B cells through BAFF/BTK/NF‐κB signalling pathway in the pathogenesis of collagen‐induced arthritis mice
Authors: Li Mei , Tang Zhicheng , Shu Ruilu , Wu Haolin , Wang Yue , Chen Ziyan , Cheng Zixue , Yan Xinyi , Zhao Nan , Tang Xiaojun , Zhang Huayong , Sun Lingyun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough various studies have been performed on the function of polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (PMN‐MDSCs) in RA, the results were conflicting. Here we were trying to clarify the role of PMN‐MDSCs in the pathogenesis of RA and its specific mechanisms. We detected the frequencies and counts of PMN‐MDSCs, TNF‐α+ B cells and Ki67+ B cells in spleen and inflamed joints of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) mice using flow cytometry. The pathological role of PMN‐MDSCs was examined by anti‐Ly6G neutralizing antibodies against PMN‐MDSCs or adoptive transfer of PMN‐MDSCs. And the modulation of PMN‐MDSCs on B cells was conducted by coculture assays, RNA‐Seq, RT‐qPCR, and so on. The mechanism of BAFF regulating B cells was verified through western blot and flow cytometry. PMN‐MDSCs accumulated in the spleen and joints of CIA mice. PMN‐MDSCs depletion could alleviate the arthritis severity, which was accompanied by decreased TNF‐α secretion and proliferation of B cells. And its adoptive transfer also facilitated disease progress. Furthermore, PMN‐MDSCs from CIA mice had higher expression level of BAFF, which regulated TNF‐α expression, proliferation and apoptosis of B cells in vitro. What's more, BAFF promoted phosphorylation of BTK/NF‐κB signalling pathway. And Ibrutinib (BTK inhibitor) could reverse the effect of BAFF on TNF‐α expression of B cells. Our study suggested that PMN‐MDSCs enhanced disease severity of CIA and manipulated TNF‐α expression, proliferation and apoptosis of B cells via BAFF, furthermore, BAFF promoted TNF‐α expression through BTK/NF‐κB signalling pathway, which demonstrated a novel pathogenesis of PMN‐MDSCs in CIA.
Respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory virus infections in residents of homeless shelters – King County, Washington, 2019–2021
Authors: McCulloch Denise J. , Rogers Julia H. , Wang Yongzhe , Chow Eric J. , Link Amy C. , Wolf Caitlin R. , Uyeki Timothy M. , Rolfes Melissa A. , Mosites Emily , Sereewit Jaydee , Duchin Jeffrey S. , Sugg Nancy K. , Greninger Alexander L. , Boeckh Michael J. , Englund Janet A. , Shendure Jay , Hughes James P. , Starita Lea M. , Roychoudhury Pavitra , Chu Helen Y. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes disproportionate morbidity and mortality in vulnerable populations. We tested residents of homeless shelters in Seattle, Washington for RSV in a repeated cross‐sectional study as part of community surveillance for respiratory viruses. Of 15 364 specimens tested, 35 had RSV detected, compared to 77 with influenza. The most common symptoms for both RSV and influenza were cough and rhinorrhea. Many individuals with RSV (39%) and influenza (58%) reported that their illness significantly impacted their ability to perform their regular activities. RSV and influenza demonstrated similar clinical presentations and burden of illness in vulnerable populations living in congregate settings.
Dislocation‐tuned electrical conductivity in solid electrolytes (9YSZ): A micro‐mechanical approach
Authors: Muhammad Qaisar Khushi , Valderrama Marcela , Yue Mengkun , Opitz Alexander Karl , Taibl Stefanie , Siebenhofer Matthäus , Bruder Enrico , Fleig Jürgen , Fang Xufei , Frömling Till 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTailoring the electrical conductivity of functional ceramics by introducing dislocations is a comparatively recent research focus, and its merits were demonstrated through mechanical means. Especially bulk deformation at high temperatures is suggested to be a promising method to introduce a high dislocation density. So far, however, controlling dislocation generation and their annihilation remains difficult. Although deforming ceramics generate dislocations on multiple length scales, dislocation annihilation at the same time appears to be the bottleneck to use the full potential of dislocations‐tailoring the electrical conductivity. Here, we demonstrate the control over these aspects using a micromechanical approach on yttria‐stabilized zirconia ‐ YSZ. Targeted indentation well below the dislocation annihilation temperature resulted in extremely dense dislocation networks, visualized by chemical etching and electron channeling contrast imaging. Microcontact‐impedance measurements helped evaluate the electrical response of operating individual slip systems. A significant conductivity enhancement is revealed in dislocation‐rich regions compared to pristine ones in fully stabilized YSZ. This enhancement is mainly attributed to oxygen ionic conductivity. Thus, the possibility of increasing the conductivity is illustrated and provides a prospect to transfer the merits of dislocation‐tuned electrical conductivity to solid oxygen electrolytes.
Couple relationship experiences of siblings and siblings‐in‐law of persons with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Karni‐Vizer Nirit , Shamai Kaplan Michal , Snir Sharon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined how siblings and siblings‐in‐law of persons with intellectual disabilities experience the establishment of and processes within the couple relationship.MethodIn‐depth semi‐structured interviews with 12 siblings and 12 siblings‐in‐law of persons with intellectual disabilities were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe participants did not perceive their special siblinghood as detrimental to their couple relationships. Siblings‐in‐law's prior acquaintance with persons with disabilities and professional support provided to the family of origin emerged as contributing factors. The effect of the siblinghood on the couple relationship was both positive and negative.ConclusionsThe findings support the importance of the acceptance of others who are different, including in couple relationships when a sibling or sibling‐in‐law has intellectual disabilities, and underscore the role of professional therapists.
Efficacy of autologous platelet‐rich plasma combined with a non‐cross‐linked hyaluronic acid compound in the treatment of female androgenetic alopecia: A retrospective, case‐series study
Authors: Wang Shiwei , Li Dongmei , Zou Muyan , Wu Jiaxu , Wang Xuehan , Yang Yu , Li Xin , Yang Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundFemale androgenetic alopecia (FAGA) is a condition that affects women and involves the gradual loss of terminal hair in specific areas of the scalp. The limited treatment options for FAGA necessitate the development of new strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the potential benefit of using a combination therapy composed of autologous platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and a non‐cross‐linked hyaluronic acid (HA) compound in the treatment of FAGA.MethodsThis was a retrospective, case‐series study, which enrolled nine female patients with FAGA between September 2021 and December 2022. The non‐cross‐linked HA compound (Hearty®, Imeik Technology Development Co., Ltd.) and PRP were implanted into the areas of hair loss over four treatment sessions separated by 4‐week intervals. Patients were monitored for overall improvement in their hair loss, hair count, treatment satisfaction, and adverse events at 1, 3, and 6 months follow‐up.ResultsThe improvement rates, subjectively evaluated by the study physician, were 88.89% at the 1‐month and 100% at the 3‐month follow‐up, relative to baseline. Moreover, the quantitative evaluation results showed that the FAGA patients' hair density increased by 54.51% at the 1‐month and by 77.25% at the 3‐month follow‐up.ConclusionThe combination of PRP and non‐cross‐linked HA compound appeared to be a certain positive effective procedure for FAGA without serious adverse event. We envisage that this work will contribute to the development of new treatment options for women suffering from this condition.
Investors’ Reactions to Alliance‐Engendered Acquisition Ambiguity: Evidence from U.S. Technology Deals
Authors: Desyllas Panos , Goossen Martin C. , Phelps Corey C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study how, when target firms are engaged in strategic alliances, the ambiguity surrounding an acquisition's anticipated synergies influences investors’ reactions to announcements of acquisitions. Drawing on behavioural finance research and the resource redeployment literature, we predict that investors’ limited access to the information encoded in the target firms’ alliances and the uncertainty around the re‐deployability of their embedded resources generate a negative relationship between the number of target alliances and investors’ reactions. We also hypothesize that this negative effect is exacerbated when the alliances involve foreign alliance partners but is attenuated when acquirers are experienced in acquiring targets with alliances. Analysis of a large sample of US technology acquisitions supports all our hypotheses. We contribute to management research by offering a viable explanation of investors’ reactions to the announcement of major corporate events, such as acquisitions, whose structural characteristics deny investors material information about these events’ potential to create value.
Phenotypic and genomic dissection of colour pattern variation in a reef fish radiation
Authors: Coulmance Floriane , Akkaynak Derya , Le Poul Yann , Höppner Marc P. , McMillan W. Owen , Puebla Oscar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCoral reefs rank among the most diverse species assemblages on Earth. A particularly striking aspect of coral reef communities is the variety of colour patterns displayed by reef fishes. Colour pattern is known to play a central role in the ecology and evolution of reef fishes through, for example, signalling or camouflage. Nevertheless, colour pattern is a complex trait in reef fishes—actually a collection of traits—that is difficult to analyse in a quantitative and standardized way. This is the challenge that we address in this study using the hamlets (Hypoplectrus spp., Serranidae) as a model system. Our approach involves a custom underwater camera system to take orientation‐ and size‐standardized photographs in situ, colour correction, alignment of the fish images with a combination of landmarks and Bézier curves, and principal component analysis on the colour value of each pixel of each aligned fish. This approach identifies the major colour pattern elements that contribute to phenotypic variation in the group. Furthermore, we complement the image analysis with whole‐genome sequencing to run a multivariate genome‐wide association study for colour pattern variation. This second layer of analysis reveals sharp association peaks along the hamlet genome for each colour pattern element and allows to characterize the phenotypic effect of the single nucleotide polymorphisms that are most strongly associated with colour pattern variation at each association peak. Our results suggest that the diversity of colour patterns displayed by the hamlets is generated by a modular genomic and phenotypic architecture.
Evaluation of the mandibular condylar bone microarchitecture in people living with HIV
Authors: Wadhwa Sunil , Levit Michael , Matsumura Satoko , Hsieh Shin Jung , Kister Karolina , Silva Cleber , Shah Jayesh , Cantos Anyelina , Bohn Bruno , Demmer Ryan T. , Yin Michael T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesPeople living with HIV (PLWH) have been shown to have lower bone density at the spine, hip, and radius. However, whether a similar bone phenotype is seen in craniofacial bones is not known. The goal of this study was to evaluate the bone microarchitecture of the mandibular condyle in PLWH.MethodsWe recruited 212 participants, which included 88 HIV‐negative participants and 124 PLWH on combination antiretroviral therapy with virological suppression from a single academic center. Each participant filled out a validated temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain screening questionnaire and had cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of their mandibular condyles. Qualitative radiographic evidence of temporomandibular joint disorders‐osteoarthritis (TMJD‐OA) assessment and quantitative microarchitecture analysis of their mandibular condylar bones were conducted.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in either self‐reported TMD or in radiographic evidence of TMJD‐OA in PLWH compared with HIV‐negative controls. Linear regression analysis revealed that positive HIV status remained significantly associated with increased trabecular thickness, decreased cortical porosity, and increased cortical bone volume fraction after adjusting for race, diabetes, sex, and age.ConclusionPLWH have increased mandibular condylar trabecular bone thickness and cortical bone volume fraction compared with HIV‐negative controls.
The Expanding Search for Work: The Gender Gap in Livelihood Choices among the Rural Chinese, from 1989 to 2015☆
Authors: Tong Yuying , Gan Yiqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSimilar to the rest of developing countries around the world, rural China has experienced rapid growth in the diversification and space expansion of their livelihood choices. However, little is known about the gender gap in the process of expanding. In this study, using the China Health and Nutrition Survey data from 1989 to 2015 and multilevel age, period, and cohort models, we examine the gender gap in livelihood choices of farming, local nonfarm, and distant nonfarming among rural residents over the period. Our study showed that women are constantly behind in taking nonfarming jobs compared with men, and there is no evidence of a convergence trend over time. Further analysis suggests that the family status of being married is the main obstacle for women to close the gap with men, while the gap between unmarried women and men has closed. When comparing the local vs. nonlocal nonfarming work, we found that the gender gap was resistant to close and has even slightly enlarged between married men and women over time. Our study has revealed a concerning trend for rural married women to close the gender gap in pursuing nonfarming occupations and expanding their space in livelihood choice in China.
Sediment dynamics and geomorphology of a submarine carbonate platform canyon system situated in an arid climate setting
Authors: Petrovic Alexander , Reijmer John J. G. , Alsaihati Sayed Hassan Majed , Nommensen Dominik , Vahrenkamp Volker 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTChanges in neritic carbonate production and sediment transport off platforms are related to climate variations, sea‐level fluctuations and tectonic processes. Canyon systems marking the platform slopes represent critical source‐to‐sink pathways transporting shallow‐water sediments basinward. However, these export systems and related processes are primarily studied on platform slopes in humid to tropical climate settings. A newly discovered canyon system on the leeward margin of the Al Wajh platform (north‐east Red Sea) represents the ideal laboratory to investigate source‐to‐sink pathway dynamics in an arid climate that prevailed since the Late Pleistocene. A high‐resolution bathymetry map was established to characterize the slope morphology. The system displays a U‐shaped, 10 km long main channel dominantly sourced by the north‐west/south‐east running outer channel and two smaller 2 to 3 km long canyons. The latter are positioned perpendicular to the main canyon. A 4 km wide head scarp at the reef edge and dozens of amphitheatre‐shaped scarps along the mid to lower slope suggest significant slope failures over time. The analysis of four sediment cores collected on a profile down the canyon revealed sedimentation rates of 26 cm/ka at the mid‐slope to 9.4 cm/ka in the basin. Three main sediment‐export processes were identified: (i) sandy and neritic component‐poor turbidites; (ii) winnowing of strontium‐rich carbonate fines through surface currents; and (iii) remobilized carbonate fines on the upper slope. As of the Last Glacial, turbidites are predominantly deposited during times of significant sea‐level instability, both rises and falls, whereas their flat‐topped‐tropical counterparts show a higher turbidite frequency during highstands. Strontium‐rich carbonate fines are exported similarly through time in both climate settings. Overall, sediment export is controlled by: (i) the platform morphology (flat‐topped versus rimmed lagoon); (ii) variations in sediment production; (iii) sea‐level variations (exposure or flooding of sediment production areas); and (iv) the interaction between the sedimentary system and atmospheric changes (sediment production and delivery).
Identification of Elastic Response of Asphalt Pavements Layers Using Deflectometric Tests With Different Load Levels
Authors: Bueno Lucas Dotto , Pereira Deividi Da Silva , Specht Luciano Pivoto , Faccin Cleber , Back Ana Helena , Júnior Elemar Taff , Boeira Fernando Dekeper , Dos Santos Maurício Silveira 
Published: June 2023

It is a unusual practice in national new pavement designs and rehabilitations to consider the nonlinear elastic behavior of the materials that constitute or will constitute the pavement layers. However, the linear elastic response is a simplification of the actual pavement layers behavior, since the materials used in the structure have stiffness dependent on the stress state (granular layers and subgrade) or on the temperature and time of load application (asphalt concrete). In view of this, this paper aims to study the elastic behavior of the pavement structures of two monitored sites in the city of Santa Maria/RS, through tests with FWD equipment, applying four different levels of loading on the full extension of these two sites. In these structures, the pavements showed a tendency to stiffening with increasing load acting at initial measuring distances (near the FWD load application point), which represent the elastic compression of all layers that make up the pavement. The measuring distances farther from the load application point, referring to the elastic compression of the subgrade, indicated, in most cases, a tendency to linear behavior of the load-deflection relationship in both sites. The backcalculated resilience modulus confirmed the impressions drawn from the load-deflection relationships, indicating the nonlinear elastic behavior of the granular layers (base and sub-base) of the analyzed sites, with resilience modulus directly proportional to the increase of the confining stress. The subgrade of the experimental sites exhibited varied behavior, and could be simplified by linear elasticity, without considerable loss. The same fact happened for the asphalt concrete material used in the pavement of site 1. For site 2, the backcalculated modulus indicated asphalt concrete stiffness dependent on the vertical surface stress increment at the center of the load plate.