bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bidirektionale Assoziationen zwischen Psoriasis und Migräne: Eine systematische Übersicht und Metaanalyse
Authors: Huang I‐Hsin , Hung Wei‐Kai , Chi Ching‐Chi 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZieleDie Assoziation zwischen Psoriasis und Migräne zu beurteilen.Patienten und MethodikMEDLINE, Embase und Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials wurden vom Zeitpunkt ihrer jeweiligen Gründung bis zum 1. Mai 2022 nach relevanten Beobachtungsstudien durchsucht. Die Risikoeinschätzung zur Quantifizierung der Assoziationen zwischen Psoriasis und Migräne wurde anhand einer Metaanalyse mit Zufallseffektmodell berechnet. Außerdem führten wir eine Sensitivitätsanalyse durch ausschließliche Berücksichtigung von Studien mit bereinigten Risikoschätzwerten sowie eine Subgruppenanalyse gemäß der Schwere der Psoriasis durch.ErgebnisseEs wurden 9 Studien mit 6 742 075 Teilnehmern eingeschlossen. Die Metaanalyse verdeutlichte die erhöhte Prävalenz der Migräne bei Patienten mit Psoriasis (gepoolte OR: 1,69, 95%‐KI: 1,26–2,28) sowie die erhöhte Prävalenz der Psoriasis bei Patienten mit Migräne (OR: 1,88, 95%‐KI: 1,32–3,67). Eine Subgruppenanalyse der Kohortenstudien ergab ein zunehmend höheres Risiko einer inzidenten Migräne bei Patienten mit leichter und schwerer Psoriasis (die IRR betrug 1,37 (95%‐KI 1,30–1,44) beziehungsweise 1,55 (95%‐KI 1,29–1,86)).SchlussfolgerungenDiese Metaanalyse ergab signifikante bidirektionale Assoziationen zwischen Migräne und Psoriasis. Ein höherer Schweregrad der Psoriasis ist anscheinend mit einem höheren Risiko assoziiert, eine Migräne zu entwickeln. Mediziner sollten die Symptome einer Migräne bei Patienten mit Psoriasis abklären und eine geeignete Behandlung anbieten.
Syphilis
Authors: Sadoghi Birgit , Stary Georg , Wolf Peter 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Syphilis ist eine heilbare systemische Infektionserkrankung, die in den vergangenen Jahren mit deutlich steigender Inzidenz diagnostiziert wird. Die Erkrankung weist eine große klinische Bandbreite auf und stellt aufgrund der langen Inkubationszeit und der teilweise komplexen Interpretation der serologischen Untersuchungsergebnisse Kliniker vor große Herausforderungen. Nach wie vor ist Penicillin G in allen Stadien der Syphilis die Therapie der Wahl.
Anti‐DFS70‐Antikörper sind mit atopischer Dermatitis assoziiert und können zur Fehldiagnose einer Kollagenose führen
Authors: Santler Bettina , Wimmer Louisa , Schlüter Bernhard , Ehrchen Jan 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund: Antinukleäre Antikörper (ANA) sind ein typischer Befund bei Patienten mit einer Kollagenose und können mittels Immunfluoreszenz auf HEp2‐Zellen nachgewiesen werden. Selbst hohe Titer sind jedoch nicht beweisend für das Vorliegen einer Kollagenose und können zu Fehldiagnosen führen. Anti‐DFS70‐Antikörper sind ANA, welche auch bei Menschen ohne Kollagenose in hohen Titern vorliegen können. Daher wollten wir evaluieren, ob sie zu einer Fehldiagnose beitragen können. Da in Japan beschrieben wurde, dass Anti‐DFS70‐Antikörper mit atopischer Dermatitis (AD) assoziiert sind, wollten wir diese Assoziation und ihre potenzielle diagnostische Relevanz auch in Deutschland untersuchen.Patienten und Methodik: Wir analysierten retrospektiv die Daten von 40 Patienten, welche zur Mitbeurteilung bei Kollagenose zu uns überwiesen wurden. Prospektiv erhoben wir die Prävalenz von Anti‐DFS70‐Antikörpern bei 110 AD‐Patienten und 89 Kontrollpatienten.Ergebnisse: Bei 75% der überwiesenen Patienten konnten wir keine Kollagenose nachweisen. 26% dieser Patienten erhielten im Vorfeld bereits systemische Therapien. Das DFS70‐typische Fluoreszenzmuster konnte bei 35%, Anti‐DFS70‐Antikörper bei 12,5% dieser Patienten nachgewiesen werden. Bei den AD‐Patienten trat in 22% der Fälle das DFS70‐typische Fluoreszenzmuster auf und in 10% der Fälle zeigten sich Anti‐DFS70‐Antikörper (im Vergleich zu 5,6% und 0% der Kontrollpatienten, P < 0,001).Schlussfolgerungen: Anti‐DFS70‐Antikörper sind signifikant mit AD assoziiert und könnten für die Fehldiagnose einer Kollagenose mitverantwortlich sein.
“Contemporary standard” English policy and pseudo‐diversity among inner and outer circle assistant language teachers in Japan
Authors: Yoko Kobayashi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAssistant language teachers (ALTs) in the Japan Exchange and Teaching (JET) program are composed of 90% of Inner Circle ALTs and 10% of rigorously screened Outer Circle JET ALTs, who are hired under the Education Ministry's “contemporary standard” (i.e., American) English policy. Although silent regarding the disproportion, the Ministry and affiliated entities have been celebrating the program's “multinational diversity.” Stimulated by this inconsistency and aiming to discover other cases, this study collects policy statements on the role of inner/outer circle JET ALTs and non‐JET ALTs. It examines the level of consistencies between policymakers’ explicit and implicit authorization (e.g., the Ministry's articulate demand for more non‐JET ALTs, relative to their unspoken acknowledgment of those ALTs’ deviation from the standard English policy). Factors behind the Ministry's double standards of JET ALT‐based standard English and unbranded English policies are discussed. Implications for Global Englishes research in light of Asia's Inner Circle‐oriented English education policy and its discrimination against Outer Circle teachers from/in Asian neighboring countries are also presented.
Incidence of anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated renal vasculitis: a retrospective study in rural and regional Victoria, Australia
Authors: Oakman Georgina , Bach Cindy‐Anne , Ong Cindy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe epidemiology of anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)‐associated vasculitis (AAV) varies worldwide. Previous Australian studies described a higher incidence of AAV in rural areas; however, this has not yet been investigated in Victoria.AimsTo calculate the incidence of AAV in rural and regional Victoria and characterise the demographics and clinical outcomes of this cohort.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of patients with newly diagnosed AAV confirmed on renal biopsy at Bendigo Health between 2013 and 2021. Cases were classified according to the 2022 American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology criteria. Local disease incidence was calculated using Estimated Resident Population data for our catchment, the Loddon Mallee region.ResultsTwenty‐eight cases of new AAV were identified; 17 were classified as microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and the remainder as granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). The median age at diagnosis was 68 years (interquartile range (IQR): 59–77). The incidence per million person‐years was 9.3 for AAV overall (95% CI: 6.2–13.5), 5.7 for MPA (95% CI: 3.3–9.1) and 3.7 for GPA (95% CI: 1.8–6.6). With a median follow‐up time of 3.3 years (IQR: 1.9–5.6), one‐quarter of patients relapsed (n = 7, 25%), and six required ongoing renal‐replacement therapy (21%).ConclusionsThe calculated incidence of AAV in rural and regional Victoria is not higher than the reported incidence in most urban Australian cohorts. This study may underestimate the true local disease incidence as only patients with renal vasculitis were included.
Epibiosis and parasitism of coquina clam Donax spp.: Location, location, location!
Authors: McElroy Eric J. , Hill‐Spanik Kristina M. , Connors Vincent A. , de Buron Isaure 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCryptic species of coquina clams Donax fossor and D. variabilis carry the hydroid epibiont Lovenella gracilis and are infected with metacercariae of the monorchiid parasites Lasiotocus trachinoti and L. choanura. The associations among this host–epibiont–parasite system were investigated. Fifty clams were collected at low tide over 3 days in June 2020 in South Carolina from each of three groups: clams with no hydroid from the upper intertidal zone and clams with and without hydroids from the swash zone. Clams were measured, identified using a newly developed PCR‐RFLP, and examined for infection by metacercariae. Parasites were identified based on cercarial morphology and on metacercariae habitat in the clams. D. fossor was most often found in the swash zone and D. variabilis in the upper intertidal zone. The hydroid was most often associated with D. fossor, which was more infected by both digeneans than D. variabilis. Mean abundance of metacercariae of L. choanura was higher than that of L. trachinoti in both clams and increased over time for both parasites, because higher infection was correlated with larger clams. Greater time spent in the water by individuals of D. fossor appears to best explain these results, with the presence of the hydroids also being associated with higher infection by metacercariae in this coquina. Integration of D. variabilis in both digenean life cycles appears to lead to a positive outcome for the parasites as prevalence and abundance of infection were high; however, because D. variabilis is most frequent in the upper intertidal, more emersed, zone, it is likely deleterious to the epibiont to establish on this clam.
Childhood atopic dermatitis is associated with cardiovascular risk factors in young adulthood—A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Lundin S. , Wahlgren C. F. , Johansson E. K. , Andersson N. , Mogensen I. , Ekstrom S. , Jonsson M. , Melen E. , Ljungman P. L. S. , Bergstrom A. , Kull I. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundStudies have indicated that atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, data are conflicting. Furthermore, the longitudinal effect of childhood AD on cardiovascular risk factors in young adulthood is less investigated.ObjectivesTo assess associations between AD in childhood and CVD risk factors in young adulthood.MethodsThe study encompasses longitudinal data from a population‐based birth cohort. Participants with data up to age 24 years were included (n = 2270). The primary outcomes were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat per cent (BF%) and blood pressure (BP) at 24 years. The secondary outcome was blood lipids. Severe AD was defined as AD in combination with sleep disturbance due to itching.ResultsIn total, 18.6% (n = 420) had AD at 24 years. Males with AD had higher BMI (βAdj. 0.81, 95% CI 0.15–1.47), BF% (βAdj. 1.19, 95% CI 0.09–2.29), systolic BP (βAdj. 1.92, 95% CI 0.02–3.82), total cholesterol (βAdj. 0.14, 95% CI 0.00–0.28) and LDL cholesterol (βAdj. 0.15, 95% CI 0.02–0.27) compared with males without AD. No associations were seen in females. Current AD with prepubertal onset was associated with increased BMI in both males (βAdj. 0.89, 95% CI 0.11–1.67) and females (βAdj. 0.72, 95% CI 0.11–1.33). At 24 years, 23.1% (n = 97) of all with AD, had severe disease, which was significantly associated with overweight in both sexes, with BMI (βAdj. 1.83, 95% CI 0.72–2.94), WC (βAdj. 4.03, 95% CI 1.54–6.52) and BF% (βAdj. 2.49, 95% CI 0.60–4.39) in females and with BF% (βAdj. 2.96, 95% CI 0.23–5.69) in males, compared with peers with mild to moderate AD.ConclusionAD in males appears to be associated with CVD risk factors in young adulthood. The duration and severity of AD seem to be of importance in both sexes.
A study on the seasonal cyclicity of ovarian development in adult Himalayan snow trout, Schizothorax plagiostomus
Authors: Sharma Partigya , Purohit Shriya , Bhatt Gaurav , Kothiyal Sachin , Singh Mahender , Nautiyal Prakash , Bhattacharya Indrashis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSchizothorax plagiostomus, commonly known as snow trout, is a popular food fish found in parts of Central Asia and the Indo‐Himalayan region. Despite such a broad range of distribution and potential financial value, it is a highly neglected cold‐water ichthyofauna. Furthermore, an alarming decline in Schizothoracine population has been reported in the recent past due to climate change and uncontrolled anthropogenic interference. In this study, the seasonal variations in ovarian architecture and development were examined in adult S. plagiostomus from Garhwal Himalayan region, Uttarakhand, India. Ovarian‐somatic index ranged from 16.86 ± 0.29 to 0.31 ± 0.56, with a maximal value in September and a minimal value in April. Ovarian histology revealed the abundance of primary growth oocytes in resting and preparatory stages; primary/secondary vitellogenic oocytes with numerous cortical alveoli were predominant in the developing stage of pre‐spawning ovaries; secondary/tertiary vitellogenic oocytes were conspicuous in actively spawning ovaries; and atretic follicles/oocytes were discernible during the regressing stage of spent ovaries. Scanning electron microscopy of mature ova (mean diameter 2.003 ± 0.01 mm) prominently showed the structure micropyle (mean diameter 12.93 ± 3.38 μm). Fecundity analyses suggested that September was the principal breeding season, whereas residual spawning occurred with fresh rain in late winter during February–March. Collectively, this is the first comprehensive qualitative and quantitative report of the seasonal variations in the ovarian development and function for S. plagiostomus. These data may provide valuable information towards the captive breeding programme as well as conservation and management for Schizothoracine fishes in normal and altered climatic conditions.
Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in subjects affected by Parkinson disease: A systematic review and metanalysis
Authors: Minervini Giuseppe , Franco Rocco , Marrapodi Maria Maddalena , Ronsivalle Vincenzo , Shapira Ira , Cicciù Marco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionWhile Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are not typically considered a primary symptom of Parkinson disease (PD), recent studies have documented a correlation between ageing and TMDs, a cluster of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint and surrounding musculature, thereby underscoring the potential for an increased frequency of TMDs in the ageing PD population.ObjectiveThe purpose of this review is to systematically evaluate the existing literature on the topic and provide a comprehensive overview of the prevalence of TMDs in patients with PD.MethodsTo determine eligibility, we utilised the Population (human subjects), Exposure (PD), Comparator (PD vs non‐PD subjects), and Outcomes (TMD) (PECO) model. To conduct this systematic review, we searched for articles published in PubMed, Web of Science and Lilacs from the beginning until April 15, 2023.ResultsThree studies were selected. All together they comprised a total of 55 828 subjects, out of which 12 629 were affected by PD or Parkinsonism, and the remaining 43 199 were non‐PD subjects matched for age and sex. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of TMDs in subjects affected by PD. The results showed that 193/12629 (1.53%) of PD individuals presented with TMD symptoms or were diagnosed with TMD, while 260/43199 (0.6%) of non‐PD subjects were diagnosed with the same. The meta‐analysis showed that there was a higher TMD prevalence in PD subjects compared to non‐PD subjects (RR 1.57; 95% CI: 1.30–1.89).ConclusionThe studies reviewed suggest a possible association between TMD and PD. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between TMD and PD and to identify possible mechanisms and treatment strategies.
Linear pooling of potentially related density forecasts in crop insurance
Authors: Ramsey A. Ford , Liu Yong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAccurate pricing of crop insurance policies relies on forecasts of probability densities of crop yields. Yield densities are dynamic, time series data on yields are often limited, and yield data are spatially correlated. We examine linear pooling of potentially related, but almost surely misspecified, crop yield density forecasts. The pooled forecasts combine densities from other spatial units based on out‐of‐sample forecast performance. The pooled densities result in more accurate premium rates which can reduce incentives for adverse selection. The approach is applicable to any insurance setting where the statistical model for the loss variable is likely to be misspecified and the underlying data‐generating processes are potentially related.
LINC00525 promotes tumour growth and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition as an oncogene in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Du Juan , Su Wenjing , Li Xiaoguang , Zu Tingjian , Bai Jinbo , Zhang Weidong , Zhou Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumour in the oral cavity. OSCC is aggressive and prone to metastasis; it is associated with high mortality and short survival. In this study, we investigated the function of the long non‐coding RNA LINC00525 in OSCC progression and the molecular mechanisms through in vitro and in vivo experiments.Materials and MethodsCCK8 assay was used to detect the effect of LINC00525 on cell viability; transwell migration and invasion assays and scratch assay were used to examine the role of LINC00525 in cell migration and invasion. Flow cytometry, RT‐PCR and western blot were used to detect apoptosis indexes. Tumorigenic effects were investigated using mouse xenograft tumour models.ResultsLINC00525 was associated with OSCC survival and prognosis. LINC00525 knockdown decreased cell viability and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) properties and increased apoptosis and also shortened the cell cycle of OSCC cells in vitro. The downregulation of LINC00525 reduced the growth of OSCC tumour in vivo. LINC00525 can regulate OSCC cells via the apoptotic signalling pathway.ConclusionOur results indicate that LINC00525 exhibits oncogenic functions in OSCC. LINC00525 may be a new promising and potential target for the treatment of OSCC.
Detection of Common Anatomical Landmarks and Vertical Trajectories for Freehand Pedicle Screw Placement
Authors: Wang Shunmin , Zhang Weihang , Sun Jingchuan , Wang Yuan , Fan Jianping , Yu Yaping , Zhao Feng , Gao Jie , Shi Jiangang , Guo Yongfei 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveIt is clinically important for pedicle screws to be placed quickly and accurately. Misplacement of pedicle screws results in various complications. However, the incidence of complications varies greatly due to the different professional titles of physicians and surgical experience. Therefore, physicians must minimize pedicle screw dislocation. This study aims to compare the three nail placement methods in this study, and explore which method is the best for determining the anatomical landmarks and vertical trajectories.MethodsThis study involved 70 patients with moderate idiopathic scoliosis who had undergone deformity correction surgery between 2018 and 2021. Two spine surgeons used three techniques (preoperative computed tomography scan [CTS], visual inspection‐X‐freehand [XFH], and intraoperative detection [ID] of anatomical landmarks) to locate pedicle screws. The techniques used include visual inspection for 287 screws in 21 patients, preoperative planning for 346 screws in 26 patients, and intraoperative probing for 309 screws in 23 patients. Observers assessed screw conditions based on intraoperative CT scans (Grade A, B, C, D).ResultsThere were no significant differences between the three groups in terms of age, sex, and degree of deformity. We found that 68.64% of screws in the XFH group, 67.63% in the CTS group, and 77.99% in the ID group were placed within the pedicle margins (grade A). On the other hand, 6.27% of screws in the XFH group, 4.33% in the CTS group, and 6.15% in the ID group were considered misplaced (grades C and D). The results show that the total amount of upper thoracic pedicle screws was fewer, meanwhile their placement accuracy was lower. The three methods used in this study had similar accuracy in intermediate physicians (P > 0.05). Compared with intermediate physicians, the placement accuracy of three techniques in senior physicians was higher. The intraoperative detection group was better than the other two groups in the good rate and accuracy of nail placement (P < 0.05).ConclusionIntraoperative common anatomical landmarks and vertical trajectories were beneficial to patients with moderate idiopathic scoliosis undergoing surgery. It is an optimal method for clinical application.
Leaf anatomy explains the strength of C4 activity within the grass species Alloteropsis semialata
Authors: Alenazi Ahmed S. , Bianconi Matheus E. , Middlemiss Ella , Milenkovic Vanja , Curran Emma V. , Sotelo Graciela , Lundgren Marjorie R. , Nyirenda Florence , Pereira Lara , Christin Pascal‐Antoine , Dunning Luke T. , Osborne Colin P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractC4 photosynthesis results from anatomical and biochemical characteristics that together concentrate CO2 around ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), increasing productivity in warm conditions. This complex trait evolved through the gradual accumulation of components, and particular species possess only some of these, resulting in weak C4 activity. The consequences of adding C4 components have been modelled and investigated through comparative approaches, but the intraspecific dynamics responsible for strengthening the C4 pathway remain largely unexplored. Here, we evaluate the link between anatomical variation and C4 activity, focusing on populations of the photosynthetically diverse grass Alloteropsis semialata that fix various proportions of carbon via the C4 cycle. The carbon isotope ratios in these populations range from values typical of C3 to those typical of C4 plants. This variation is statistically explained by a combination of leaf anatomical traits linked to the preponderance of bundle sheath tissue. We hypothesize that increased investment in bundle sheath boosts the strength of the intercellular C4 pump and shifts the balance of carbon acquisition towards the C4 cycle. Carbon isotope ratios indicating a stronger C4 pathway are associated with warmer, drier environments, suggesting that incremental anatomical alterations can lead to the emergence of C4 physiology during local adaptation within metapopulations.
Revisiting the policy implications of COVID‐19, asylum seekers, and migrants on the Mexico–U.S. border: Creating (and maintaining) states of exception in the Trump and Biden administrations
Authors: Garrett Terence M. , Sementelli Arthur J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPublic policy choices continue to bring dramatic changes to migration practices in the era of the coronavirus in the United States. In this article, we argue that the COVID‐19 pandemic facilitated the creation and maintenance of states of exception while continuing to destabilize practices at the Mexico–U.S. border through the politics of fear. Specifically, the Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP), Zero Tolerance Policy (ZTP), COVID‐19 CAPIO, Asylum Cooperative Agreements (ACA), and Title 42 used an arcane section of U.S. law to immediately expel asylum seekers and refugees. We show that these policies highlight the formation and maintenance of states of exception consistent with the work of Agamben. We further discuss how the politics of fear can reinforce hegemonic narratives targeting asylum seekers while shaping political agendas that lean toward a specific brand of nationalism using public health as a context. The U.S. government under the Trump administration—and the Biden administration to a lesser, yet continuous, extent—constructed these policies aimed primarily at refugees and asylum seekers from El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico thereby violating laws and international treaty obligations.Related ArticlesDuman, Yoav H. 2014. “Reducing the Fog? Immigrant Regularization and the State.” Politics & Policy 42(2): 187–220. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12065.Garrett, Terence Michael. 2020. “The Security Apparatus, Federal Magistrate Courts, and Detention Centers as Simulacra: The Effects of Trump's Zero Tolerance Policy on Migrants and Refugees in the Rio Grande Valley.” Politics & Policy 48(2): 372–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12348.Maggio, James. 2007. “The Presidential Rhetoric of Terror: The (Re)Creation of Reality Immediately after 9/11.” Politics & Policy 35(4): 819–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2007.00085.x.