bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of tagged glycans with a protein nanopore
Authors: Li Minmin , Xiong Yuting , Cao Yuchen , Zhang Chen , Li Yuting , Ning Hanwen , Liu Fan , Zhou Han , Li Xiaonong , Ye Xianlong , Pang Yue , Zhang Jiaming , Liang Xinmiao , Qing Guangyan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStructural complexity of glycans derived from the diversities in composition, linage, configuration, and branching considerably complicates structural analysis. Nanopore-based single-molecule sensing offers the potential to elucidate glycan structure and even sequence glycan. However, the small molecular size and low charge density of glycans have restricted direct nanopore detection of glycan. Here we show that glycan sensing can be achieved using a wild-type aerolysin nanopore by introducing a facile glycan derivatization strategy. The glycan molecule can induce impressive current blockages when moving through the nanopore after being connected with an aromatic group-containing tag (plus a carrier group for the neutral glycan). The obtained nanopore data permit the identification of glycan regio- and stereoisomers, glycans with variable monosaccharide numbers, and distinct branched glycans, either independently or with the use of machine learning methods. The presented nanopore sensing strategy for glycans paves the way towards nanopore glycan profiling and potentially sequencing.
The built-in electric field across FeN/Fe3N interface for efficient electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO
Authors: Yin Jie , Jin Jing , Yin Zhouyang , Zhu Liu , Du Xin , Peng Yong , Xi Pinxian , Yan Chun-Hua , Sun Shouheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNanostructured metal-nitrides have attracted tremendous interest as a new generation of catalysts for electroreduction of CO2, but these structures have limited activity and stability in the reduction condition. Herein, we report a method of fabricating FeN/Fe3N nanoparticles with FeN/Fe3N interface exposed on the NP surface for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). The FeN/Fe3N interface is populated with Fe−N4 and Fe−N2 coordination sites respectively that show the desired catalysis synergy to enhance the reduction of CO2 to CO. The CO Faraday efficiency reaches 98% at −0.4 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode, and the FE stays stable from −0.4 to −0.9 V during the 100 h electrolysis time period. This FeN/Fe3N synergy arises from electron transfer from Fe3N to FeN and the preferred CO2 adsorption and reduction to *COOH on FeN. Our study demonstrates a reliable interface control strategy to improve catalytic efficiency of the Fe–N structure for CO2RR.
Epitaxially grown silicon-based single-atom catalyst for visible-light-driven syngas production
Authors: Chen Huai , Xiong Yangyang , Li Jun , Abed Jehad , Wang Da , Pedrazo-Tardajos Adrián , Cao Yueping , Zhang Yiting , Wang Ying , Shakouri Mohsen , Xiao Qunfeng , Hu Yongfeng , Bals Sara , Sargent Edward H. , Su Cheng-Yong , Yang Zhenyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractImproving the dispersion of active sites simultaneous with the efficient harvest of photons is a key priority for photocatalysis. Crystalline silicon is abundant on Earth and has a suitable bandgap. However, silicon-based photocatalysts combined with metal elements has proved challenging due to silicon’s rigid crystal structure and high formation energy. Here we report a solid-state chemistry that produces crystalline silicon with well-dispersed Co atoms. Isolated Co sites in silicon are obtained through the in-situ formation of CoSi2intermediate nanodomains that function as seeds, leading to the production of Co-incorporating silicon nanocrystals at the CoSi2/Si epitaxial interface. As a result, cobalt-on-silicon single-atom catalysts achieve an external quantum efficiency of 10% for CO2-to-syngas conversion, with CO and H2yields of 4.7 mol g(Co)−1and 4.4 mol g(Co)−1, respectively. Moreover, the H2/CO ratio is tunable between 0.8 and 2. This photocatalyst also achieves a corresponding turnover number of 2 × 104for visible-light-driven CO2reduction over 6 h, which is over ten times higher than previously reported single-atom photocatalysts.
In situ constructing atomic interface in ruthenium-based amorphous hybrid-structure towards solar hydrogen evolution
Authors: Liu Dong , Ding Tao , Wang Lifeng , Zhang Huijuan , Xu Li , Pang Beibei , Liu Xiaokang , Wang Huijuan , Wang Junhui , Wu Kaifeng , Yao Tao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe rational steering and construction of efficient and stable atomic interfaces is highly desirable but rather challenging in solar energy conversion. Here, we report an in-situ oxygen impregnation strategy to build abundant atomic interfaces composed of homogeneous Ru and RuOx amorphous hybrid-mixture with ultrafast charge transfer, for solar hydrogen evolution with sacrificial agent free. Via in-situ synchrotron X-ray absorption and photoelectron spectroscopies, we can precisely track and identify the gradual formation of atomic interfaces towards homogeneous Ru-RuOx hybrid-structure at the atomic level. Benefiting from the abundant interfaces, the amorphous RuOx sites can intrinsically trap the photoexcited hole within an ultrafast process (<100 fs), and the amorphous Ru sites enable subsequent electron transfer (~1.73 ps). Hence, this hybrid-structure triggers long-lived charge-separated states, and results in a high hydrogen evolution rate of 60.8 μmol·h−1. This design integrating the two sites fulfilled each half-reaction in a single hybrid-structure suggests potential guidelines towards efficient artificial photosynthesis.
Surpassing the repeaterless bound with a photon-number encoded measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution protocol
Authors: Erkılıç Özlem , Conlon Lorcán , Shajilal Biveen , Kish Sebastian , Tserkis Spyros , Kim Yong-Su , Lam Ping Koy , Assad Syed M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDecoherence is detrimental to quantum key distribution (QKD) over large distances. One of the proposed solutions is to use quantum repeaters, which divide the total distance between the users into smaller segments to minimise the effects of the losses in the channel. Here we introduce a measurement-device-independent protocol which uses high-dimensional states prepared by two distant trusted parties and a coherent total photon number detection for the entanglement swapping measurement at the repeater station. We present an experimentally feasible protocol that can be implemented with current technology as the required states reduce down to the single-photon level over large distances. This protocol outperforms the existing measurement-device-independent and twin-field QKD protocols by achieving better key rates in general and higher transmission distance in total when experimental imperfections are considered. It also surpasses the fundamental limit of the repeaterless bound at a much shorter transmission distance in comparison to the existing TF-QKD protocols.
Atomic scale interfacial magnetism and origin of metal-insulator transition in (LaNiO$$_3$$)$$_n$$/(CaMnO$$_3$$)$$_m$$ superlattices: a first principles study
Authors: Jilili J. , Tolbatov I. , Cossu F. , Rahaman A. , Fiser B. , Kahaly M. Upadhyay. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInterfacial magnetism and metal-insulator transition at LaNiO$$_3$$

3

-based oxide interfaces have triggered intense research efforts, because of the possible implications in future heterostructure device design and engineering. Experimental observation lack in some points a support from an atomistic view. In an effort to fill such gap, we hereby investigate the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of (LaNiO$$_3$$

3

)$$_n$$

n

/(CaMnO$$_3$$

3

)$$_m$$

m

superlattices with varying LaNiO$$_3$$

3

thickness (n) using density functional theory including a Hubbard-type effective on-site Coulomb term. We successfully capture and explain the metal-insulator transition and interfacial magnetic properties, such as magnetic alignments and induced Ni magnetic moments which were recently observed experimentally in nickelate-based heterostructures. In the superlattices modeled in our study, an insulating state is found for n=1 and a metallic character for n=2, 4, with major contribution from Ni and Mn 3d states. The insulating character originates from the disorder effect induced by sudden environment change for the octahedra at the interface, and associated to localized electronic states; on the other hand, for larger n, less localized interfacial states and increased polarity of the LaNiO$$_3$$

3

layers contribute to metallicity. We discuss how the interplay between double and super-exchange interaction via complex structural and charge redistributions results in interfacial magnetism. While (LaNiO$$_3$$

3

)$$_n$$

n

/(CaMnO$$_3$$

3

)$$_m$$

m

superlattices are chosen as prototype and for their experimental feasibility, our approach is generally applicable to understand the intricate roles of interfacial states and exchange mechanism between magnetic ions towards the overall response of a magnetic interface or superlattice.
Enhancing on/off ratio of a dielectric-loaded plasmonic logic gate with an amplitude modulator
Authors: Chang Kai-Hao , Lin Zhan-Hong , Lee Po-Tsung , Huang Jer-Shing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPlasmonic waveguides allow focusing, guiding, and manipulating light at the nanoscale and promise the miniaturization of functional optical nanocircuits. Dielectric-loaded plasmonic (DLP) waveguides and logic gates have drawn attention because of their relatively low loss, easy fabrication, and good compatibility with gain and active tunable materials. However, the rather low on/off ratio of DLP logic gates remains the main challenge. Here, we introduce an amplitude modulator and theoretically demonstrate an enhanced on/off ratio of a DLP logic gate for XNOR operation. Multimode interference (MMI) in DLP waveguide is precisely calculated for the design of the logic gate. Multiplexing and power splitting at arbitrary multimode numbers have been theoretically analyzed with respect to the size of the amplitude modulator. An enhanced on/off ratio of 11.26 dB has been achieved. The proposed amplitude modulator can also be used to optimize the performance of other logic gates or MMI-based plasmonic functional devices.
Water-sulfur-rich, oxidised adakite magmas are likely porphyry copper progenitors
Authors: Leong Timothy S. J. , Mavrogenes John A. , Arculus Richard J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe world’s largest current Cu resource is volcanic arc-hosted, porphyry copper deposits. Whether unusual parental magmas or fortuitous combinations of processes accompanying emplacement of common parental arc magmas (e.g., basalt) is required for ore deposit formation, remains unclear. Spatial and tectonic associations of adakite (andesite with high La/Yb, Sr/Y) with porphyries exist, but genetic links are debated. Delayed saturation with Cu-bearing sulfides consequent to elevated redox state seems essential for late-stage exsolution of Cu-bearing hydrothermal fluids. Partial melting of igneous layers of subducted, hydrothermally altered oceanic crust in the eclogite stability field are invoked to account for andesitic compositions, residual garnet signatures, and the putative oxidised character of adakites. Alternative petrogeneses include partial melting of lower crustal, garnet-bearing sources and extensive intra-crustal amphibole fractionation. Here we demonstrate mineral-hosted, adakite glass (formerly melt) inclusions in lavas erupted subaqueously in the New Hebrides arc are oxidised relative to island arc (and mid-ocean ridge) basalts, are H2O-S-Cl-rich, and moderately enriched in Cu. Polynomial fitting of chondrite-normalised, rare earth element abundance patterns shows the precursors of these erupted adakites were unequivocally derived from partial melting of subducted slab, and represent optimal porphyry copper progenitors.
Transcriptomics of CD29+/CD44+ cells isolated from hPSC retinal organoids reveals a single cell population with retinal progenitor and Müller glia characteristics
Authors: Eastlake Karen , Luis Joshua , Wang Weixin , Lamb William , Khaw Peng T. , Limb G. Astrid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMüller glia play very important and diverse roles in retinal homeostasis and disease. Although much is known of the physiological and morphological properties of mammalian Müller glia, there is still the need to further understand the profile of these cells during human retinal development. Using human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal organoids, we investigated the transcriptomic profiles of CD29+/CD44+ cells isolated from early and late stages of organoid development. Data showed that these cells express classic markers of retinal progenitors and Müller glia, including NFIX, RAX, PAX6, VSX2, HES1, WNT2B, SOX, NR2F1/2, ASCL1 and VIM, as early as days 10–20 after initiation of retinal differentiation. Expression of genes upregulated in CD29+/CD44+ cells isolated at later stages of organoid development (days 50–90), including NEUROG1, VSX2 and ASCL1 were gradually increased as retinal organoid maturation progressed. Based on the current observations that CD24+/CD44+ cells share the characteristics of early and late-stage retinal progenitors as well as of mature Müller glia, we propose that these cells constitute a single cell population that upon exposure to developmental cues regulates its gene expression to adapt to functions exerted by Müller glia in the postnatal and mature retina.
Iron response elements (IREs)-mRNA of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein binding to iron regulatory protein (IRP1): a combined molecular docking and spectroscopic approach
Authors: Khan Mateen A. , Mohammad Taj , Malik Ajamaluddin , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz , Domashevskiy Artem V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe interaction between the stem-loop structure of the Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein IRE mRNA and iron regulatory protein was examined by employing molecular docking and multi-spectroscopic techniques. A detailed molecular docking analysis of APP IRE mRNA∙IRP1 reveals that 11 residues are involved in hydrogen bonding as the main driving force for the interaction. Fluorescence binding results revealed a strong interaction between APP IRE mRNA and IRP1 with a binding affinity and an average binding sites of 31.3 × 106 M−1 and 1.0, respectively. Addition of Fe2+(anaerobic) showed a decreased (3.3-fold) binding affinity of APP mRNA∙IRP1. Further, thermodynamic parameters of APP mRNA∙IRP1 interactions were an enthalpy-driven and entropy-favored event, with a large negative ΔH (–25.7 ± 2.5 kJ/mol) and a positive ΔS (65.0 ± 3.7 J/mol·K). A negative ΔH value for the complex formation suggested the contribution of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. The addition of iron increased the enthalpic contribution by 38% and decreased the entropic influence by 97%. Furthermore, the stopped-flow kinetics of APP IRE mRNA∙IRP1 also confirmed the complex formation, having the rate of association (kon) and the rate of dissociation (koff) as 341 μM−1 s−1, and 11 s−1, respectively. The addition of Fe2+ has decreased the rate of association (kon) by ~ three-fold, whereas the rate of dissociation (koff) has increased by ~ two-fold. The activation energy for APP mRNA∙IRP1 complex was 52.5 ± 2.1 kJ/mol. The addition of Fe2+ changed appreciably the activation energy for the binding of APP mRNA with IRP1. Moreover, circular dichroism spectroscopy has confirmed further the APP mRNA∙IRP1 complex formation and IRP1 secondary structure change with the addition of APP mRNA. In the interaction between APP mRNA and IRP1, iron promotes structural changes in the APP IRE mRNA∙IRP1 complexes by changing the number of hydrogen bonds and promoting a conformational change in the IRP1 structure when it is bound to the APP IRE mRNA. It further illustrates how IRE stem-loop structure influences selectively the thermodynamics and kinetics of these protein-RNA interactions.
Serum cold-inducible RNA-binding protein levels as a potential biomarker for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Omori Issei , Sumida Hayakazu , Sugimori Ayaka , Sakakibara Moe , Urano-Takaoka Mariko , Iwasawa Okuto , Saito Hinako , Matsuno Ai , Sato Shinichi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by fibrotic, inflammatory, and vascular dysfunction. Danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)-mediated inflammasome activation has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of SSc. Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is newly identified as a DAMP. Here we examined the clinical significance of serum levels of CIRP in 60 patients with SSc and 20 healthy control patients (HCs) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum CIRP levels in diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) patients were significantly increased compared with limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) patients or HCs. When examining the relationship with SSc-specific parameters, serum CIRP levels with the presence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) were higher than those without ILD. In detail, serum CIRP levels correlated negatively with the percent predicted diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide and positively with levels of Krebs von den Lungen-6. In addition, elevated serum CIRP levels declined along with decreased SSc-ILD activity in patients who received immunosuppressive therapy. These results suggest that CIRP may play a role in the development of ILD in SSc. Moreover, CIRP could serve as a useful serological marker of SSc-ILD in terms of disease activity and therapeutic effects.
Prospecting movements link phenotypic traits to female annual potential fitness in a nocturnal predator
Authors: Becciu Paolo , Séchaud Robin , Schalcher Kim , Plancherel Céline , Roulin Alexandre 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent biologging technology reveals hidden life and breeding strategies of nocturnal animals. Combining animal movement patterns with individual characteristics and landscape features can uncover meaningful behaviours that directly influence fitness. Consequently, defining the proximate mechanisms and adaptive value of the identified behaviours is of paramount importance. Breeding female barn owls (Tyto alba), a colour-polymorphic species, recurrently visit other nest boxes at night. We described and quantified this behaviour for the first time, linking it with possible drivers, and individual fitness. We GPS-equipped 178 female barn owls and 122 male partners from 2016 to 2020 in western Switzerland during the chick rearing phase. We observed that 111 (65%) of the tracked breeding females were (re)visiting nest boxes while still carrying out their first brood. We modelled their prospecting parameters as a function of brood-, individual- and partner-related variables and found that female feather eumelanism predicted the emergence of prospecting behaviour (less melanic females are usually prospecting). More importantly we found that increasing male parental investment (e.g., feeding rate) increased female prospecting efforts. Ultimately, females would (re)visit a nest more often if they had used it in the past and were more likely to lay a second clutch afterwards, consequently having higher annual fecundity than non-prospecting females. Despite these apparent immediate benefits, they did not fledge more chicks. Through biologging and long-term field monitoring, we highlight how phenotypic traits (melanism and parental investment) can be related to movement patterns and the annual potential reproductive output (fecundity) of female barn owls.
Key factors for connecting silver-based icosahedral superatoms by vertex sharing
Authors: Miyajima Sayuri , Hossain Sakiat , Ikeda Ayaka , Kosaka Taiga , Kawawaki Tokuhisa , Niihori Yoshiki , Iwasa Takeshi , Taketsugu Tetsuya , Negishi Yuichi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMetal nanoclusters composed of noble elements such as gold (Au) or silver (Ag) are regarded as superatoms. In recent years, the understanding of the materials composed of superatoms, which are often called superatomic molecules, has gradually progressed for Au-based materials. However, there is still little information on Ag-based superatomic molecules. In the present study, we synthesise two di-superatomic molecules with Ag as the main constituent element and reveal the three essential conditions for the formation and isolation of a superatomic molecule comprising two Ag13−xMx structures (M = Ag or other metal; x = number of M) connected by vertex sharing. The effects of the central atom and the type of bridging halogen on the electronic structure of the resulting superatomic molecule are also clarified in detail. These findings are expected to provide clear design guidelines for the creation of superatomic molecules with various properties and functions.
Effective detection of Ag+, Hg2+ and dye adsorption properties studies of Ln-MOFs based on a benzimidazole carboxylic acid ligand
Authors: Cao Qing-Wei , Yue Tian-Cai , Dong Qing-Wei , Ma Qi-Chao , Xie Ze-Bei , Wang Duo-Zhi , Wang Lu-Lu 
Published: March 2023

Novel Ln-MOFs exhibited outstanding adsorption performance to Congo red, and one Ln-MOF can be considered as a promising multifunctional fluorescent sensor with good reusability and high sensitivity for Ag+ and Hg2+ ions.
A dual‐modal graph attention interaction network for person Re‐identification
Authors: Wang Wen , An Gaoyun , Ruan Qiuqi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPerson Re‐identification (Re‐ID) is a task of matching target pedestrians under cross‐camera surveillance. Learning discriminative feature representations is the main issue for person Re‐ID. A few recent methods introduce text descriptions as auxiliary information to enhance feature representations, as it offers richer semantic information and perspective consistency. However, these works usually process text and images separately, which leads to the absence of cross‐modal interactions. In this article, a Dual‐modal Graph Attention Interaction Network (Dual‐GAIN) is proposed to integrate visual features and textual features into a heterogeneous graph to model the relationship between them, simultaneously. The proposed Dual‐GAIN mainly consists of two components: a dual‐stream feature extractor and a Graph Attention Interaction Network (GAIN). Specifically, the two‐stream feature extractor is utilised to extract visual features and textual features respectively. Then, visual local features and textual features are treated as nodes to construct a multi‐modal graph. Cosine similarity constrained attention weights are introduced in GAIN, which is designed for cross‐modal interaction and feature fusion on this heterogeneous multi‐modal graph. Experiments on public large‐scale datasets, that is, Market‐1501, CUHK03 labelled, and CUHK03 detected, demonstrate our method achieves the state‐of‐the‐art performance.