bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Dispensation of Prenatal Supplements With Iron and Anemia Among Pregnant People
Authors: Thiele Lisa R. , Duryea Elaine L. , Ragsdale Alexandra S. , Berge Carrie A. , McIntire Donald D. , Nelson David B. , Spong Catherine Y. 
Published: September 2023

ImportancePostpartum transfusion is the most common indicator of severe maternal morbidity in the US. Higher rates of anemia are associated with a higher blood transfusion rate.ObjectiveTo determine if providing, rather than recommending, supplements with iron at prenatal visits in a medically underserved community is associated with improved hematologic indices and reduced blood transfusion.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this quality improvement study, patients who delivered between May 13 and December 13, 2020, and thus were provided a prenatal supplement with iron throughout pregnancy were compared with those who delivered between January 1 and August 1, 2019, before supplements were dispensed. The study was conducted at Parkland Health, a safety net hospital in Dallas, Texas, with a 95% Medicaid-funded or self-pay population and included all patients who delivered at our institution during the study period with available hematologic data.ExposuresIn the earlier cohort, all patients were recommended to obtain and take iron supplements. In the later cohort, prenatal supplements with iron were dispensed via clinic pharmacy to all patients during prenatal visits.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMaternal hematocrit levels (28-32 weeks, delivery admission, and discharge), rates of anemia (hematocrit &amp;lt;30%), and postpartum transfusion for acute blood loss anemia were compared using χ2 and analysis of variance methods with P &amp;lt; .05 considered significant. The analysis took place in July of 2022.ResultsOverall, 13 910 patients (98%) met inclusion criteria (mean age [SD], 27.9 [6.5] and 27.6 [6.5] years, mean [SD] body mass index at first visit, 29.2 [6.6] and 29.3 [6.6]). Mosty of the patients in both cohorts were of Hispanic ethnicity (76%). Providing iron-containing prenatal supplements was associated with higher average hematocrit levels at all time points including a mean difference of 1.27% (95% CI, 1.13%-1.42%) on admission for delivery, when compared with those who were not directly dispensed iron. Among patients prior to providing supplements, 18% had anemia on admission compared with 11% with iron-containing supplements dispensed (risk ratio [RR], 0.61; 95% CI, 0.56-0.66). Postpartum transfusion for acute blood loss anemia was reduced by one-third in patients after program implementation from 10 per 1000 to 6.6 per 1000 (RR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.43-0.91).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this quality improvement study, providing supplements with iron to patients at prenatal visits was associated with improved hematocrit levels, rates of anemia, and reduced transfusions unrelated to obstetric catastrophes among a predominantly Medicaid population.
Development of an Interactive Tool to Support Shared Decision‐Making in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Treatment Attribute Preference
Authors: Curtis Jeffrey R. , Ford Kerri , Fiore Stefano , Mikuls Ted R. , Shaney Kevin , Sethi Vaneet 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveAn interactive tool identifying treatment attributes important to patients can enhance shared decision‐making (SDM) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A formative survey was conducted to identify the most important treatment attributes from patients’ perspective, which can be used to develop an interactive SDM tool.MethodsThe survey was performed in two phases: qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys. The qualitative interviews were conducted to inform the design of the quantitative survey. In qualitative interviews, patients with RA (n = 10) and rheumatologists (n = 10) were introduced to the SDM tool concept. Feedback on the design and scope of the SDM tool was used to develop a quantitative survey, conducted in a large sample size of patients. Patient preferences for treatment attributes (route of administration and dosing frequency, serious side effects, out‐of‐pocket costs, efficacy, and monitoring requirement) were assessed via adaptive conjoint exercise involving ranking of hypothetical RA treatment configurations.ResultsA total of 944 patients (males: 43%, females: 57%) with RA participated in the quantitative survey. Route of administration and dosing frequency (38%) followed by serious side effects (33%) were the two most important treatment attributes for individual patients. The recontact survey (n = 172/944) estimated tool stability of 72% (n = 124/172) in terms of the relative importance of treatment attributes.ConclusionThe findings of this survey could be used in the development of an SDM tool that can potentially provide insights into patient preferences and is generally well received by patients and rheumatologists with good agreement and reliability.
The Use of Remote Consultations and Associated Factors in Rheumatology: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study of Follow‐Up Consultations Before, During, and After COVID‐19
Authors: van der Ven Jeffrey , van den Bemt Bart J. F. , Wielsma Sabien , Flendrie Marcel , Verhoef Lise M. 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the use of remote consultations (RCs) and the influence of consultation, health care provider (HCP), and patient characteristics on the choice for remote or face‐to‐face consultation.MethodsA monocenter retrospective cohort study was conducted on follow‐up consultations of patients with rheumatic diseases from January 1, 2019 to January 16, 2023, using data from electronic health records. Trends in the proportion of RCs before, during, and after COVID‐19 were studied. Cross–classified multilevel logistic regression models were built to account for clustering of consultations (level 1) within both patients and HCPs (level 2). The influence of consultation, patient, and HCP characteristics on the type of consultation was assessed.Results157,028 consultations of 30,215 unique patients seen by 64 HCPs were included in the data set. After an initial sharp increase in RC use at the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the proportion of RCs decreased toward a seemingly steady state at around 30%. 90% of the variance in the use of RCs can be attributed to the consultation level, whereas 4% and 6% can be attributed to the patient and HCP level. Longer consultation durations and time since last consultation decreased the odds for a RC, as did higher patient age, shared care, and longer disease duration. Higher travel distance, consultation density, and patient digital access increased the odds for a RC.ConclusionThe COVID pandemic resulted in a structural increase in the use of RCs. Although several patient characteristics are associated with the type of consultation, most variance resulted from consultation characteristics compared with patients and HCPs.
Supramolecular Nano‐Assembly of Caffeate‐Strengthened Phenylboronic Ester with Multistep ROS Scavenging Ability for Targeted Therapy of Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Jia Fan , Yu Bo , Li Jian , Cai Fanghao , Fu Guosheng , Jin Qiao , Ji Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a life‐threatening complication with a considerable occurrence among patients. AKI is typically accompanied by an elevation in reactive oxidative species (ROS) in renal tissues, which is the main contributor to kidney damage. Herein, a supramolecular nano‐assembly (Ser‐HPEC) containing an ethyl caffeate‐strengthened phenylboronic ester with ROS‐triggered antioxidative ability is proposed for AKI‐targeted therapy. Nano‐assemblies can rapidly accumulate in the ischemia‐reperfusion‐injured kidney via kidney injury molecule‐1 (Kim‐1)‐mediated homing ability of l‐serine. By consuming pathological levels of ROS, two different antioxidants, ethyl caffeate and 4‐hydroxybenzyl alcohol, are spontaneously released from a single module to relieve oxidative stress and diminish acute inflammation in injured renal tissue. The multistep ROS scavenging strategy combined with a precise targeting capability endows the aforementioned nano‐assembly with effectiveness in preserving the integrity and functions of the injured kidney, providing new inspiration for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including AKI.
Direct 3D‐Bioprinting of hiPSC‐Derived Cardiomyocytes to Generate Functional Cardiac Tissues
Authors: Esser Tilman U. , Anspach Annalise , Muenzebrock Katrin A. , Kah Delf , Schrüfer Stefan , Schenk Joachim , Heinze Katrin G. , Schubert Dirk W. , Fabry Ben , Engel Felix B. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract3D‐bioprinting is a promising technology to produce human tissues as drug screening tool or for organ repair. However, direct printing of living cells has proven difficult. Here, a method is presented to directly 3D‐bioprint human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐derived cardiomyocytes embedded in a collagen–hyaluronic acid ink, generating centimeter‐sized functional ring‐ and ventricle‐shaped cardiac tissues in an accurate and reproducible manner. The printed tissues contain hiPSC‐derived cardiomyocytes with well‐organized sarcomeres and exhibit spontaneous and regular contractions, which persist for several months and are able to contract against passive resistance. Importantly, beating frequencies of the printed cardiac tissues can be modulated by pharmacological stimulation. This approach opens up new possibilities for generating complex functional cardiac tissues as models for advanced drug screening or as tissue grafts for organ repair or replacement.
Surfactant‐Free Ultrasonication‐Assisted Synthesis of 2d Tellurium Based on Metastable 1T'‐MoTe2
Authors: Qi Junlei , Dai Yongping , Ma Chen , Ke Chengxuan , Wang Wenbin , Wu Zongxiao , Wang Xiang , Bao Kai , Xu Yue , Huang Haoxin , Wang Lingzhi , Wu Jingkun , Luo Guangfu , Chen Ye , Lin Zhaoyang , He Qiyuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElemental 2D materials (E2DMs) have been attracting considerable attention owing to their chemical simplicity and excellent/exotic properties. However, the lack of robust chemical synthetic methods seriously limits their potential. Here, a surfactant‐free liquid‐phase synthesis of high‐quality 2D tellurium is reported based on ultrasonication‐assisted exfoliation of metastable 1T'‐MoTe2. The as‐grown 2D tellurium nanosheets exhibit excellent single crystallinity, ideal 2D morphology, surfactant‐free surface, and negligible 1D by‐products. Furthermore, a unique growth mechanism based on the atomic escape of Te atoms from metastable transition metal dichalcogenides and guided 2D growth in the liquid phase is proposed and verified. 2D tellurium‐based field‐effect transistors show ultrahigh hole mobility exceeding 1000 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature attributing to the high crystallinity and surfactant‐free surface, and exceptional chemical and operational stability using both solid‐state dielectric and liquid‐state electrical double layer. The facile ultrasonication‐assisted synthesis of high‐quality 2D tellurium paves the way for further exploration of E2DMs and expands the scope of liquid‐phase exfoliation (LPE) methodology toward the controlled wet‐chemical synthesis of functional nanomaterials.
Machine Learning Assisted Monte Carlo Simulation: Efficient Overlap Determination for Nonspherical Hard Bodies
Authors: Bag Saientan , Jha Ayush , Müller‐Plathe Florian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStandard molecular dynamics (MD) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations deal with spherical particles. Extending the standard simulation methodologies to the nonspherical objects is non‐trivial. To circumvent this problem, nonspherical bodies are often treated as a collection of constituent spherical objects. As the number of these constituent objects becomes large, the computational burden to simulate the system also increases. Here, an alternative way is proposed to simulate nonspherical rigid bodies having pairwise repulsive interactions. This approach is based on a machine learning (ML)‐based model, which predicts the overlap between two nonspherical bodies. The ML model is easy to train and the computation cost of its implementation remains independent of the number of constituent spheres used to represent a nonspherical rigid body. When used in MC simulation, this method is faster than the standard implementation, where overlap determination is based on calculating the distance between constituent spheres. This proposed ML‐based MC method produces similar structural features (in comparison to the standard implementation) in both two and three dimensions, and can qualitatively capture the isotropic to nematic transition of rigid rods in three dimensions. It is believed that this work is a step toward a time‐efficient simulation of non‐spherical rigid bodies.
Electrochemical Reversible Reforming between Ethylamine and Acetonitrile on Heterostructured Pd‐Ni(OH)2 Nanosheets
Authors: Ao Weidong , Ren Huijun , Cheng Changgen , Fan Zhishuai , Qin Qing , Yin Peiqun , Zhang Qi , Dai Lei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRational design of electrocatalysts is essential to achieve desirable performance of electrochemical synthesis process. Heterostructured catalysts have thus attracted widespread attention due to their multifunctional intrinsic properties, and diverse catalytic applications with corresponding outstanding activities. Here, we report an in situ restoration strategy for the synthesis of ultrathin Pd‐Ni(OH)2 nanosheets. Such Pd‐Ni(OH)2 nanosheets exhibit excellent activity and selectivity towards reversible electrochemical reforming of ethylamine and acetonitrile. In the acetonitrile reduction process, Pd acts as reaction center, while Ni(OH)2 provide proton hydrogen through promoting the dissociation of water. Also ethylamine oxidation process can be achieved on the surface of the heterostructured nanosheets with abundant Ni(II) defects. More importantly, an electrolytic cell driven by solar cells was successfully constructed to realize ethylamine‐acetonitrile reversible reforming. This work demonstrates the importance of heterostructure engineering in the rational synthesis of multifunctional catalysts towards electrochemical synthesis of fine chemicals.
Self‐Accelerating Effect in a Covalent–Organic Framework with Imidazole Groups Boosts Electroreduction of CO2 to CO
Authors: Zhang Meng‐Di , Huang Jia‐Run , Shi Wen , Liao Pei‐Qin , Chen Xiao‐Ming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSolvent effect plays an important role in catalytic reaction, but there is little research and attention on it in electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR). Herein, we report a stable covalent‐organic framework (denoted as PcNi‐im) with imidazole groups as a new electrocatalyst for eCO2RR to CO. Interestingly, compared with neutral conditions, PcNi‐im not only showed high Faraday efficiency of CO product (≈100 %) under acidic conditions (pH ≈ 1), but also the partial current density was increased from 258 to 320 mA cm−2. No obvious degradation was observed over 10 hours of continuous operation at the current density of 250 mA cm−2. The mechanism study shows that the imidazole group on the framework can be protonated to form an imidazole cation in acidic media, hence reducing the surface work function and charge density of the active metal center. As a result, CO poisoning effect is weakened and the key intermediate *COOH is also stabilized, thus accelerating the catalytic reaction rate.
Three‐Electron Transfer‐Based High‐Capacity Organic Lithium‐Iodine (Chlorine) Batteries
Authors: Li Xinliang , Wang Yanlei , Lu Junfeng , Li Shimei , Li Pei , Huang Zhaodong , Liang Guojin , He Hongyan , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConversion‐type batteries apply the principle that more charge transfer is preferable. The underutilized electron transfer mode within two undermines the electrochemical performance of halogen batteries. Here, we realised a three‐electron transfer lithium‐halogen battery based on I−/I+ and Cl−/Cl0 couples by using a common commercial electrolyte saturated with Cl− anions. The resulting Li||tetrabutylammonium triiodide (TBAI3) cell exhibits three distinct discharging plateaus at 2.97, 3.40, and 3.85 V. Moreover, it has a high capacity of 631 mAh g−1I (265 mAh g−1electrode, based on entire mass loading) and record‐high energy density of up to 2013 Wh kg−1I (845 Wh kg−1electrode). To support these findings, experimental characterisations and density functional theory calculations were conducted to elucidate the redox chemistry involved in this novel interhalogen strategy. We believe our paradigm presented here has a foreseeable inspiring effect on other halogen batteries for high‐energy‐density pursuit.
Mass mortality of the Critically Endangered naked characin (Gymnocharacinus bergii): Possible causes and impact
Authors: Quiroga Sofía , Povedano Hernán E. , Solimano Patricio J. , Velasco Melina A. , Martorelli Sergio R. , Montes Martín M. , Barneche Jorge A. , Catrin Laura , Cartes Víctor Fernández , Maggioni Matías , Soricetti Mariano , Kacoliris Federico 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The naked characin (Gymnocharacinus bergii) is the only endemic fish of the arid Patagonia of Argentina, living only in the thermal headwaters of the Valcheta Stream in the Somuncura Plateau. This species is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List.
In April 2018, a massive mortality event was observed in the species. Parasitological studies identified the cause as an epidemic of white spot disease, caused by the parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich).
Ich is a common disease in aquaculture settings, but it has also been reported as an epizootic in wild fish populations across tropical and temperate regions worldwide. This occurrence is associated with the introduction of fish into non‐native environments.
This article presents the first recorded instance of a mass mortality event and Ich outbreak in the naked characin. It includes a mapping of the disease in the headwaters of the stream, an estimation of the impact on the species' population size, and an analysis of potential causes associated with this epidemic.
The results indicate that the epizootic produced mortality of 82% of the global population of the naked characin and was linked to the presence and high abundances of the invasive fish species Uruguay tetra (Cheirodon interruptus). The disease occurred in stream sectors where both characid species coexist, particularly in areas with the highest water temperatures.
The Ich outbreak represents the most recent and severe threat recorded for the Critically Endangered naked characin. Implementing control measures against the invasive Uruguay tetra is imperative to prevent future outbreaks that could push the species to the brink of extinction in the near future.
This study provides crucial information for assessing current management interventions and developing new strategies within the framework of the action plan for naked characin conservation.
Bemessungsansätze für regenerative Versorgungskonzepte von Bestandsbauten am Beispiel Geothermie und Photovoltaik
Authors: Freudenberg Peggy , Jüttner Anne , Weiss Dirk 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFür eine Integration regenerativer Energiequellen in das Versorgungskonzept von Bestands‐ und Neubauten sollten bereits frühzeitig Überlegungen zu den erforderlichen Flächen auf dem Grundstück und am Gebäude angestellt werden, weil zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch viele Entscheidungsfreiheiten vorhanden sind. Bislang gibt es für die Bemessung dieser Flächen keine geeigneten Ansätze. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz über Bemessungsdiagramme verfolgt, welche wesentliche Verhältniskennwerte abbilden. Sie wurden beispielhaft für ein Quartier in Freiberg mit typischen Kennwerten für ein Mehrfamilienhaus, mit den Standort‐Bodeneigenschaften, Strahlungseinträgen etc. erstellt. Zu den für die Bemessung von Erdwärmekollektoren verwendeten Kennwerten zählt neben der Geometrie (Verhältnis Umfang zu Fläche des Kollektors) auch der nutzflächenbezogene Heizenergiebedarf. Die Ermittlung des Optimums erfolgt über eine Wirtschaftlichkeitsbetrachtung. Eine Übertragung auf andere Standorte und Bauwerkstypen ist möglich. Ebenso ist eine Erweiterung auf zusätzliche Bemessungskennwerte sinnvoll. Das Anwendungspotenzial dieses Diagrammansatzes zur ersten Abschätzung und Flächenbemessung ist groß und es kann durch seinen geringen Anwendungsaufwand wesentlich dazu beitragen, die Hürden für den Einsatz regenerativer Energien abzubauen und ihre wirtschaftlich‐sinnvolle Anwendung zu stärken.
Entwicklungen in der numerischen Modellierung geotechnischer Randwertprobleme
Authors: Machaček Jan , Staubach Patrick 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn diesem Aufsatz werden neue Entwicklungen im Rahmen des Finite‐Elemente‐Programms numgeo vorgestellt und deren Anwendbarkeit und Robustheit durch Simulation eines erdbebenbeanspruchten wassergesättigten Damms und das Herausziehen von (Verpress‐)Ankern gezeigt. Die Simulation von seismisch belasteten wassergesättigten Böschungen stellt hohe Anforderungen an die verfügbaren Elementformulierungen und Stoffmodelle, für welche numgeo speziell entwickelt wurde. Die Robustheit und Anwendbarkeit der Letztgenannten wird durch die automatische Kalibrierungssoftware numgeo‐ACT erheblich verbessert. Für die Simulation des Ausziehwiderstands von Ankern spielt das Kontaktverhalten zwischen Verpressgut und umliegendem Boden eine entscheidende Rolle. In diesem Beitrag wird durch die Nachrechnung von Modellversuchen demonstriert, dass ein einfaches Coulombsches Reibmodell für die Beschreibung des Kontaktverhaltens nicht ausreicht, um den Ausziehwiderstand adäquat zu bestimmen. Mithilfe des in numgeo implementierten hypoplastischen Reibmodells können wesentlich bessere Prognosen erzielt werden.
Vergleichende Untersuchung von Software zur Erstellung des Fachmodells Baugrund
Authors: Bauer Jörg , Beck Johannes , Clostermann Dennis , Henke Sascha , Schwabe Kevin , Tilger Klaus 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBei Building Information Modeling (BIM) findet der Baugrund eine zunehmende Beachtung. Der Sachverständige für Geotechnik hat das Fachmodell Baugrund zu erstellen, welches neben der geometrischen Abbildung der Baugrundschichten auch die Informationen aus dem Geotechnischen Bericht enthalten muss. Neben der Schwierigkeit, dass der Auftraggeber derzeit häufig keine klaren Vorgaben zu den Informationsinhalten und Strukturierungen des Fachmodells Baugrund macht, sind Einschränkungen bei der Modellierung auch von der verwendeten Softwareapplikation gegeben. Der vorliegende Beitrag vergleicht die Erstellung des Fachmodells Baugrund mit vier auf dem Markt verbreiteten Softwareapplikationen anhand eines fiktiven Testprojekts. Die dabei festgestellten Unterschiede hinsichtlich des Modellierungsaufwands, der für die Modellierung nutzbaren Funktionalitäten und der anschließenden sinnvollen Nutzbarkeit des Modells in einem BIM‐Gesamtmodell sowie weitere allgemeinere Aspekte wie Serviceangebote, Einarbeitungshilfen und Interaktionsmöglichkeiten mit anderen Softwareapplikationen sind gegenübergestellt und beschrieben. Anhand eines Baugrundschnitts werden die prinzipiellen Unterschiede der geometrischen Modellierungsergebnisse gezeigt. Basierend auf den gewonnenen Erfahrungen werden zuletzt einige erforderliche Entwicklungsschritte der Softwareapplikationen aufgeführt.