bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life cycle assessment of MHP (Mobile Hydrogen Powersupply), an off-grid system to charge battery electric vehicles
Authors: Konrad Johannes , Bernt Axel-Oscar , Hofmann Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeThe paper introduces MHP (Mobile Hydrogen Powersupply), an off-grid fuel cell electric system to recharge (stranded) BEVs, and discusses MHP from the life cycle perspective. The LCA shows the effects of system architecture, charging efficiency, hydrogen supply routes, and the predicted electric vehicle recharging demand on global warming potential and energy consumption and further gives recommendations to optimize the assessed environmental impact.MethodsDemand scenarios of mobile recharging assistances due to BEVs, stranded with an uncharged battery, are predicted for Austria and the greater Vienna area. The introduction of MHP follows the discussion of system architecture, operation strategy, and energetic charging efficiency. The LCA follows the guidance of the ISO 14040 standard and applies the Circular Footprint Formula. The functional unit is 1 kWh of electrical energy, balanced at the charging interface. The system boundary includes raw material extraction, production, transport of resources and products, use, and end of life management. The hydrogen supply is modeled representatively for Austria. The selected impact categories are global warming potential and cumulated energy demand. The data originate, among others, from GEMIS Austria, GREET2, and ProBas.Results and discussionEnvironmental impacts vary between 0.40 and 1.58 kg CO2eq/kWh-el and 4.95 to 7.68 kWh/kWh-el in the life cycle. In production and end of life processes, the hydrogen storage system leads to the highest weight-specific GWP and CED of MHP sub-systems due to the large share of CFRP. The efficiency of the MHP system is directly reflected in the use phase’s environmental impacts. The impact of MHP cooling efficiency, charging efficiency, and operation strategy on GWP and CED is below 12%. The CED primarily originates from hydrogen production. If the hydrogen supply route is mostly renewable and generates minor GWP, the MHP efficiency has only a small impact on the life cycle’s GWP and the production and end of life processes gain importance.ConclusionsOptimized material selection and lightweight construction reduce the life cycle impact. Further, the paper demonstrates that hydrogen supply significantly affects MHP’s environmental impact. Therefore, besides optimizing the production and end of life processes, implementing a renewable hydrogen infrastructure and providing renewable energies and fuels must be strongly accelerated.
Sharp inequalities of Bienaymé–Chebyshev and Gauß type for possibly asymmetric intervals around the mean
Authors: Ion Roxana A. , Klaassen Chris A. J. , Heuvel Edwin R. van den 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSharp upper bounds are proved for the probability that a standardized random variable takes on a value outside apossibly asymmetricinterval around 0. Six classes of distributions for the random variable are considered, namely the general class of ‘distributions’, the class of ‘symmetric distributions’, of ‘concave distributions’, of ‘unimodal distributions’, of ‘unimodal distributions with coinciding mode and mean’, and of ‘symmetric unimodal distributions’. In this way, results by Gauß (Commentationes Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis Recentiores 5:1–58, 1823), Bienaymé (C R Hebd Séance Acad Sci Paris 37:309–24, 1853), Bienaymé (C R Hebd Séance Acad Sci Paris 37:309–24, 1853), Chebyshev (Journal de mathématiques pures et appliqués (2) 12:177–184, 1867), and Cantelli (Atti del Congresso Internazionale dei Matematici 6:47–59, 1928) are generalized. For some of the known inequalities, such as the Gauß inequality, an alternative proof is given.
Exome Sequencing in Monogenic Forms of Rickets
Authors: Jacob Prince , Bhavani Gandham SriLakshmi , Udupa Prajna , Wang Zheng , Hariharan Sankar V. , Delampady Kishan , Dalal Ashwin , Kamath Nutan , Ikegawa Shiro , Shenoy Rathika D. , Handattu Koushik , Shah Hitesh , Girisha Katta M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
To understand the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of genetic forms of rickets in 10 families.

Methods
Detailed clinical, radiographic, and biochemical evaluation of 10 families with phenotypes suggestive of a genetic cause of rickets was performed. Molecular testing using exome sequencing aided in the diagnosis of six different forms of known genetic causes.

Results
Eleven disease-causing variants including five previously reported variants (CYP27B1:c.1319_1325dup, p.(Phe443Profs*24), VDR:c.1171C>T, p.(Arg391Cys), PHEX: c.1586_1586+1del, PHEX: c.1482+5G>C, PHEX: c.58C>T, p.(Arg20*)) and six novel variants (CYP27B1:c.974C>T, p.(Thr325Met), CYP27B1: c.1376G>A, p.(Arg459His), CYP2R1: c.595C>T, p.(Arg199*), CYP2R1:c.1330G>C, p.(Gly444Arg),SLC34A3:c.1336-11_1336-1del, SLC2A2: c.589G>C, p.(Val197Leu)) in the genes known to cause monogenic rickets were identified.

Conclusion
The authors hereby report a case series of individuals from India with a molecular diagnosis of rickets and provide the literature review which would help in enhancing the clinical and molecular profile for rapid and differential diagnosis of rickets.
Development and evaluation of a sensory panel for collecting reliable player perceptions of third-generation synthetic turf football surfaces
Authors: Cole David , Forrester Steph , Fleming Paul , Bauer Max , James David , Benetti Mickael , Wistel Katharina , Billingham Johsan , Roberts Jon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPerceptions of synthetic surfaces used in football can vary considerably between players, and obtaining reliable feedback is challenging. The aim of this study was to develop a suitable process and evaluate the merits of establishing a sensory panel to assess the subjective attributes of third generation synthetic turf surfaces (3G turf) used in football. Focus groups with 12 male and 13 female footballers were conducted on an outdoor 3G turf pitch to develop a common language to describe sensory feedback related to player–surface interactions. Post-session analysis revealed two main themes related to player–surface interactions: hardness and grip. These themes were broken down further into five sensory attributes (Movement Speed, Slip, Movement Confidence, Leg Shock and Give) which were investigated further in an indoor test area containing ten 3G turf surfaces with controlled surface properties. A panel consisting of 18 University footballers (11 male and 7 female) undertook a screening and training session to refine the language associated with the sensory attributes and become familiar with the testing protocol. During a final evaluation session, players were asked to discriminate between surfaces using the paired comparison method for each of the sensory attributes. Player consistency remained similar between the screening and evaluation sessions whilst the panel’s ability to discriminate between surfaces improved during the evaluation session. Sensory training can therefore be a useful approach to aid players in differentiating between surfaces and lead to a greater understanding of athlete perceptions of surface attributes.
Body Form Modulates the Prediction of Human and Artificial Behaviour from Gaze Observation
Authors: Scandola Michele , Cross Emily S. , Caruana Nathan , Tidoni Emmanuele 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe future of human–robot collaboration relies on people’s ability to understand and predict robots' actions. The machine-like appearance of robots, as well as contextual information, may influence people’s ability to anticipate the behaviour of robots. We conducted six separate experiments to investigate how spatial cues and task instructions modulate people’s ability to understand what a robot is doing. Participants observed goal-directed and non-goal directed gaze shifts made by human and robot agents, as well as directional cues displayed by a triangle. We report that biasing an observer's attention, by showing just one object an agent can interact with, can improve people’s ability to understand what humanoid robots will do. Crucially, this cue had no impact on people’s ability to predict the upcoming behaviour of the triangle. Moreover, task instructions that focus on the visual and motor consequences of the observed gaze were found to influence mentalising abilities. We suggest that the human-like shape of an agent and its physical capabilities facilitate the prediction of an upcoming action. The reported findings expand current models of gaze perception and may have important implications for human–human and human–robot collaboration.
Non-traditional students’ preferences for learning technologies and impacts on academic self-efficacy
Authors: Sutherland Karen , Brock Ginna , de Villiers Scheepers Margarietha. J. , Millear Prudence M. , Norman Sherelle , Strohfeldt Tim , Downer Terri , Masters Nicole , Black Alison. L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBlended Learning (BL) as a pedagogical approach has increased in significance during the COVID-19 pandemic, with blended and online learning environments becoming the new digital norm for higher educational institutions around the globe. While BL has been discussed in the literature for thirty years, a common approach has been to categorise learner cohorts to support educators in better understanding students’ relationships with learning technologies. This approach, largely unsupported by empirical evidence, has failed to adequately address the challenges of integrating learning technologies to fit with non-traditional students’ preferences, their BL self-efficacy and the associated pedagogical implications. Focusing on student preference, our study presents findings from a pre-COVID survey of undergraduate students across four campuses of an Australian regional university where students shared their learning technology preferences and the self-regulated learning that influenced their academic self-efficacy in a BL context. Findings show students want consistency, relevance, and effectiveness with the use of BL tools, with a preference for lecture recordings and video resources to support their learning, while email and Facebook Messenger were preferred for communicating with peers and academic staff. Our study suggests a quality BL environment facilitates self-regulated learning using fit-for-purpose technological applications. Academic self-efficacy for BL can increase when students perceive the educational technologies used by their institution are sufficient for their learning needs.
ICT efficacy and response to different needs in university classrooms: effects on attitudes and active behaviour towards technology
Authors: Latorre-Cosculluela Cecilia , Sierra-Sánchez Verónica , Rivera-Torres Pilar , Liesa-Orús Marta 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDigital competence is considered to be a crucial learning outcome in education in the 21st century. In this context, research highlights the fact that the perceptions that instructors manifest about different aspects of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) condition these professionals’ behaviour towards these learning resources. In the same line, this study aims to analyse the effects that exist between a series of dimensions related to the perception of university teaching staff on the capacity of ICTs to respond to different needs of students, on perceived efficacy and attitudes towards these tools and, lastly, on active behaviour towards their use. To do so, 345 university instructors from the Spanish educational system filled in an online questionnaire. The application of a Structural Equation Model underscores the fact that the ability of ICTs to respond to the different needs of students in the university classroom and their perceived efficacy in the teaching–learning process both exert a positive effect on attitudes in favour of their incorporation into the classroom. In turn, these attitudes also have a significant effect on active behaviour with ICT resources. In addition, various mediating effects are seen to influence an active behaviour. All this gives rise to a discussion on the implications of these results to encourage the training of university teaching staff in the knowledge and management of ICTs. Increasing confidence in ICTs as effective tools to respond to different needs could significantly favour positive attitudes and behaviour so that these resources are actively integrated into the classroom.
Artificial intelligence for non-invasive glycaemic-events detection via ECG in a paediatric population: study protocol
Authors: Andellini Martina , Haleem Salman , Angelini Massimiliano , Ritrovato Matteo , Schiaffini Riccardo , Iadanza Ernesto , Pecchia Leandro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Paediatric Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) patients are at greater risk for developing severe hypo and hyperglycaemic events due to poor glycaemic control. To reduce the risk of adverse events, patients need to achieve the best possible glycaemic management through frequent blood glucose monitoring with finger prick or Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) systems. However, several non-invasive techniques have been proposed aiming at exploiting changes in physiological parameters based on glucose levels. The overall objective of this study is to validate an artificial intelligence (AI) based algorithm to detect glycaemic events using ECG signals collected through non-invasive device.

Methods
This study will enrol T1D paediatric participants who already use CGM. Participants will wear an additional non-invasive wearable device for recording physiological data and respiratory rate. Glycaemic measurements driven through ECG variables are the main outcomes. Data collected will be used to design, develop and validate the personalised and generalized classifiers based on a deep learning (DL) AI algorithm, able to automatically detect hypoglycaemic events by using few ECG heartbeats recorded with wearable devices.

Results
Data collection is expected to be completed approximately by June 2023. It is expected that sufficient data will be collected to develop and validate the AI algorithm.

Conclusion
This is a validation study that will perform additional tests on a larger diabetes sample population to validate the previous pilot results that were based on four healthy adults, providing evidence on the reliability of the AI algorithm in detecting glycaemic events in paediatric diabetic patients in free-living conditions.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03936634. Registered on 11 March 2022, retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05278143?titles=AI+for+Glycemic+Events+Detection+Via+ECG+in+a+Pediatric+Population&draw=2&rank=1.
Long-term stability of over-the-counter cuffless blood pressure monitors: a proposal
Authors: Tamura Toshiyo , Shimizu Shigeru , Nishimura Nobuhiro , Takeuchi Masachika 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBlood pressure is an important cardiovascular parameter. Currently, the cuff-based sphygmomanometer is a popular, reliable, measurement method, but blood pressure monitors without cuffs have become popular and are now available without a prescription. Blood pressure monitors must be approved by regulatory authorities. Current cuffless blood pressure (CL-BP) monitors are not suitable for at-home management and prevention of hypertension. This paper proposes simple criteria for over-the-counter CL-BP monitoring. First, the history of the sphygmomanometer and current standard blood pressure protocol are reviewed. The main components of CL-BP monitoring are accuracy during the resting condition, accuracy during dynamic blood pressure changes, and long-term stability. In this proposal we recommend intermittent measurement to ensure that active measurement accuracy mirrors resting condition accuracy. A new experimental protocol is proposed to maintain long-term stability. A medically approved automated sphygmomanometer was used as the standard device in this study. The long-term accuracy of the test device is based on the definition of propagation error, i.e., for an oscillometric automated sphygmomanometer (5 ± 8 mmHg) ± the error for the test device static accuracy (–0.12 ± 5.49 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and − 1.17 ± 5.06 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure). Thus, the long-term stabilities were − 3.38 ± 7.1 mmHg and − 1.38 ± 5.4 mmHg, which satisfied propagation error. Further research and discussion are necessary to create standards for use by manufacturers; such standards should be readily evaluated and ensure high-quality evidence.
Richard Semon (1859–1918): Expeditionen, Engramme und Epigenetik
Authors: Förstl Hans 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungRichard Semon (1859–1918) war Schüler von Ernst Haeckel und beschäftigte sich als Zoologe zunächst mit der Entwicklung von Seegurken, Seesternen, Hühnern und Lungenfischen, die er unter anderem am Mittelmeer und in Australien sammelte. Nach Deutschland zurückgekehrt musst er aus privaten Gründen Jena und sein universitäres Umfeld verlassen, liess sich in München nieder, wo er sich den philosophischen Aspekten der Biologie widmete, Werke über sein Gedächtniskonzept der „Mneme“ verfasste (1904) und über die Vererbung erworbener Eigenschaften nachdachte (1912). Seine Vorstellungen von Gedächtnis gingen weit über Gehirn und Individuum hinaus. Enttäuscht über eine zu geringe wissenschaftliche Anerkennung, verzweifelt nach dem Tod seiner Frau, verunsichert durch die politische Situation am Ende des ersten Weltkriegs und vor allem von einem befürchteten Gedächtnisverlust des Gedächtnisforschers, nahm er sich das Leben. Sein wichtigster Gewährsmann, der Wiener Experimentalbiologe Paul Kammerer (1880–1926), erschoss sich acht Jahre später als Zweifel an der Vererbung erworbener Eigenschaften seiner Salamander und Geburtshelferkröten auftauchten. Neuropsychiatrisch relevante Fragen nach Epigenetik, der Natur des Gedächtnisses, nach Depression und der Furcht dem Nachlassen seiner geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit, den Auswirkungen privater Umstände auf wissenschaftliche Karrieren, nach wissenschaftlichen Irrtümern und fraglichen Fälschungen, bis zum Suizid eines Wissenschaftlers finden sich verdichtet im Leben und Tod Richard Semons.
Democratizing corruption: a role structure analysis of Indonesia’s “Big Bang” decentralization
Authors: Silitonga Mala Sondang , Wittek Rafael , Snijders Tom A. B. , Heyse Liesbet 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe study investigates to what degree Indonesia’s large-scale decentralization and democratization changed corruption networks. A role structure approach is developed to move current analysis of dyad-level structures to the network level. This approach is empirically tested by comparing the relational content and third-party structures of 96 corruption networks operating in the first phase of decentralization (2001–2004), characterized by a powerful local council, with 94 corruption networks detected in the second phase (2005–2013), when direct local elections were introduced, and the power of the local council declined. Building on Fiske’s relational model theory, it is argued and found that the local executive’s reduced dependence on the local council provided the opportunity to initiate corrupt exchanges with a broader set of players both inside and outside the bureaucracy. Whereas deep dependence power relations (i.e. formal authority) remained important, an increasing proportion of corruption networks involved compound role structures characterized by both shallow (non-embedded profit and work relations) and deep interdependence (kin- and friendship). Furthermore, third party intermediaries became more important. Implications for the study of networks of corruption are discussed.
Performance evaluation of the Worms subsurface flow constructed wetland for treating black water using insitu and exsitu analytical methods
Authors: Bedu-Addo Kenneth , Gayh Ulrike , Waltenberg Dennis , De Regil Sánchez Irma Livier 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper evaluates the performance of a subsurface flow constructed wetland at Worms Germany used for the treatment of black and grey water from a non-residential facility. Snap black water samples from four wells made up of a clarifying unit, an activated carbon unit and an aeration unit were analysed insitu using the HACH HQ40d multimeter and exsitu using Sensafe water metals check strips for preliminary metal detection onsite. HACH bar code reagents, a HACH Digital Reactor Block 200 (DRB200) and a HACH DR 3900 Spectrophotometer were subsequently used for the analysis of lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen demand (COD), Ammonium (NH4-N) and Nitrate (NO3-N) in the lab. The removal efficiency for the constructed wetland was in the order BOD > Cr > COD > NH4-N > NO3-N > Pb. The 57.90% removal efficiency of COD for the constructed wetland was due to the higher fractions of inert COD which constitutes a part black water. This makes the use of the BOD/COD ratios of 0.69 and 0.5 for wells 1 and 4 an unreliable index for the determination of amenability of COD in black water with regards to microbial activity at the wetland at Worms. The pH range of 7.2–8.4 of the blackwater is conducive for the growth microbes necessary for the breakdown of organic matter in the black water. Further investigation including plant and sediment analysis over different seasons has to be undertaken if the efficiency of the constructed wetland for nutrients and metals removal is to be optimized.
Whistleblowers as Defenders of Human Rights: The Whistleblower Protection Act in Japan
Authors: Iwasaki Masaki 
Published: January 2023

In October 2020, the Government of Japan formulated a National Action Plan (NAP) on Business and Human Rights in response to the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) and ensuing greater international awareness of violations of human rights by corporations.1 In the NAP, the government of Japan stated that on the basis of the UNGPs, it expects companies to (i) formulate human rights policies, (ii) conduct due diligence with respect to human rights, and (iii) establish grievance mechanisms.2 In order to achieve these goals, businesses need to understand whether and how they are violating human rights and prepare appropriate solutions. Whistleblowers play a crucial role in this process.
“It would be a lot easier to hunt whales if they didn’t move.” Addressing marine baseline information challenges in Nunavut’s impact assessment process
Authors: Peletz Nicole , Hanna Kevin , Noble Bram 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Despite advances in impact assessment (IA) practice in Arctic regions, persistent challenges remain. This article examines how baseline information needs and associated uncertainties are presented and understood in the regulatory context of IA. The focus is on marine-related information needs in the Nunavut IA process. The method used a document review of operational IA reports and focus groups with the Nunavut Impact Review Board – the agency responsible for IA in the territory. The results show that information challenges are largely linked to the availability, suitability and accessibility of data; while challenges to addressing information needs are related to broad capacity constraints, as well as responsibility, and cooperation among parties to the process. Similar to other settings, in Nunavut, there is a need to develop better guidance for parties regarding information uncertainties in IA and how such may be addressed. To help address information needs, there is also a need to clarify the roles, responsibilities and expectations of all parties (e.g. Inuit organisations, proponent, government and communities), as well as improving coordination and advancing collaboration, while also addressing capacity constraints.