bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional terrain-based VS30 prediction models for China
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Ren Yefei , Wen Ruizhi , Wang Hongwei , Ji Kun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTime-averaged shear-wave velocity to 30 m (VS30) is commonly used in ground motion models as a parameter for evaluating site effects. This study used a collection of boreholes in Beijing, Tianjin, Guangxi, Guangdong, and three other municipalities and provinces, which were divided into three regions with reference to the seismic ground motion parameter zonation map of China, to establish VS30 prediction models based on terrain categories. Regional effects were verified by comparing morphometric parameter (topographic slope, surface texture, and local convexity) thresholds and terrain classification maps obtained from global digital elevation model (DEM) data and regional DEM data of the three regions. Additionally, VS30 prediction models for the three regions using both types of terrain classification maps were established and analyzed comparatively to provide credible regional VS30 models for China. Through analysis of the correlations between the measured VS30 values and the predicted VS30 values, calculation of the mean squared error and mean absolute percentage error in each region, and with consideration of the geological characteristics of the boreholes, the VS30 prediction models based on terrain classification maps from regional data were finally applied in developing regional VS30 models for China. Intercomparison of the VS30 prediction models for the three regions indicated that subregional consideration is necessary in terrain classification. Finally, a spatial analysis method adopting inverse distance weighting of the residuals was used to update the initial VS30 models. The developed VS30 models could be used both in developing regional ground motion models and in the construction of earthquake disaster scenarios.
Graphical Abstract
Genomics in animal breeding from the perspectives of matrices and molecules
Authors: Johnsson Martin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
This paper describes genomics from two perspectives that are in use in animal breeding and genetics: a statistical perspective concentrating on models for estimating breeding values, and a sequence perspective concentrating on the function of DNA molecules.

Main body
This paper reviews the development of genomics in animal breeding and speculates on its future from these two perspectives. From the statistical perspective, genomic data are large sets of markers of ancestry; animal breeding makes use of them while remaining agnostic about their function. From the sequence perspective, genomic data are a source of causative variants; what animal breeding needs is to identify and make use of them.

Conclusion
The statistical perspective, in the form of genomic selection, is the more applicable in contemporary breeding. Animal genomics researchers using from the sequence perspective are still working towards this the isolation of causative variants, equipped with new technologies but continuing a decades-long line of research.
Online Contingent Attention Training (OCAT): transfer effects to cognitive biases, rumination, and anxiety symptoms from two proof-of-principle studies
Authors: Blanco Ivan , Boemo Teresa , Martin-Garcia Oscar , Koster Ernst H. W. , De Raedt Rudi , Sanchez-Lopez Alvaro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of the present research was to develop and test the efficacy of a novel online contingent attention training (i.e., OCAT) to modify attention and interpretation biases, improve emotion regulation, and reduce emotional symptom levels in the face of major stressors. Two proof-of-principle studies were carried out. In study 1, 64 undergraduates who were about to start a major stressful period (i.e., final exams) were randomized to undergo 10 days of active OCAT or a sham-control training. Emotion regulation (habitual use of rumination and reappraisal) and symptom levels (depression and anxiety) were assessed before and after the intervention. In study 2, the same 2 × 2 mixed design was used with 58 individuals from the general population undergoing a major stressful situation (the lockdown period at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020). In both studies, the OCAT group showed significant improvements on attention towards negative information and interpretation biases in comparison to the sham-control group. Additionally, changes in cognitive biases transferred to reductions of participants’ use of rumination and anxiety symptom levels. These results show preliminary evidence regarding the efficacy of the OCAT to target attention and interpretation biases as well as to improve emotion regulation processes and to buffer against the effects of major stressors.
Radiographic assessment of third molar development and its relation to dental and chronological age in the Saudi Arabian population
Authors: Sindi Mohammed A , Al-Sebaei Maisa O , Bamashmous Mohamed S 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundRadiology plays a vital role in determining human age. Age estimation based on radiographic evaluation of human third molars can prove useful and accurate. The present study aimed to evaluate the reliability of age estimation of the third molar and to study the effects of gender, arch, and side of third molars using the modified Demirjian and Moorrees classifications.MethodsOrthopantomograms (OPG) of 6–24-year-old patients who attended our dental hospital were evaluated, and all eligible OPGs were analyzed for the test reliability based on the third molar modified Demirjian and Moorrees classifications. Statistical tests were performed to investigate the effect of gender, arch, and side.ResultsA total of 508 eligible OPGs were included in the study. Female subjects were 54.9%. The mean age was 14.69 ± 4.5 years. Based on each classification, each of the 3rd molars was significantly correlated with age (p < 0.001) with positive Pearson correlation values (r > 0.851).ConclusionsThe third molar modified Demirjian and Moorrees classifications were found to be highly accurate when used with our population. In addition, gender, arch, and side of third molars did not affect the estimated age.
Migraine among Egyptian medical students: prevalence, disability and psychological distress-cross sectional study
Authors: Ragab Salma , Zaitoun Nahla , Elrafie Ahmed , el-Ansarey Hussien , Srour Azza , Nabil Nada , Elshoura Yasmin , Elshafei Mohamed , Elgamal Shimaa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Migraine is one of the most prevalent and disabling primary headache disorders. Migraine has many triggers factors as stress and irregular sleep pattern. Medical study in Egypt is so stressful with great psychological and physical burden; hence medical students are vulnerable to migraine. This study aims to determine the prevalence, characteristics, degree of disability, and psychological stress associated with migraine among medical students at different Egyptian universities.

Results
The overall prevalence of migraine was 17.27%, more in female (76.86%) than male. Sleeping disturbance and stress were the most common triggering factors associated with migraine (94.4%, 81.4% respectively). The majority of students with migraine (89.65%) had high psychological distress as measured by Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) with moderate to severe disorder, while 76.8% had moderate to severe disability as assessed by Migraine Disability Assessment Score (MIDAS). Female gender was a potential predictor associated with higher psychological distress. There is negative correlation between degree of disability and academic performance.

Conclusion
Migraine is prevalent among medical students, with female predominance. It is associated with high level of psychological stress, moderate to severe disability, and negative impact on lifestyle and academic performance of the students.
Advancing collagen-based biomaterials for oral and craniofacial tissue regeneration
Authors: Zhang Bo , He Yunxiang , Liu Jialing , Shang Jiaojiao , Chen Chider , Wang Tianyi , Chen Mei , Li Yifei , Gong Guidong , Fang Jie , Zhao Zhihe , Guo Junling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe oral and craniofacial region consists of various types of hard and soft tissues with the intricate organization. With the high prevalence of tissue defects in this specific region, it is highly desirable to enhance tissue regeneration through the development and use of engineered biomaterials. Collagen, the major component of tissue extracellular matrix, has come into the limelight in regenerative medicine. Although collagen has been widely used as an essential component in biomaterial engineering owing to its low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility, and convenient extraction procedures, there is a limited number of reviews on this specific clinic sector. The need for mechanical enhancement and functional engineering drives intensive efforts in collagen-based biomaterials concentrating on therapeutical outcomes and clinical translation in oral and craniofacial tissue regeneration. Herein, we highlighted the status quo of the design and applications of collagen-based biomaterials in oral and craniofacial tissue reconstruction. The discussion expanded on the inspiration from the leather tanning process on modifications of collagen-based biomaterials and the prospects of multi-tissue reconstruction in this particular dynamic microenvironment. The existing findings will lay a new foundation for the optimization of current collagen-based biomaterials for rebuilding oral and craniofacial tissues in the future.
Graphical Abstract
Isolated variant of IgG4-sclerosing cholangitis masquerading as hilar cholangiocarcinoma — an enigmatic entity
Authors: Ravi Soundarya , Hanuman Srinivas Bheemanathi , Gnanasekhran Senthil , Pottakkat Biju 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
IgG4-mediated sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) is an autoimmune disease that generally occurs in association with type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). However, an isolated variant of IgG4-SC is a rare disease that can occur without concurrent AIP and closely mimics extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma both clinically and radiologically.

Case presentation
Here, we report a case of an isolated variant of IgG4-SC, which was pre-operatively diagnosed as hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Pathological and immunohistochemical examination revealed features suggestive of IgG4-SC, which was confirmed by elevated serum IgG4 levels measured postoperatively.

Conclusion
Therefore, IgG4-SC should be carefully ruled out in patients presenting with isolated bile duct obstruction, before performing morbid surgical procedures.
Clinical value of acoustic radiation force impulse elastography in the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C patients
Authors: Alem Shereen Abdel , omar Heba , Zayed Naglaa , Mabrouk Mahasen , Yosry Ayman 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background and purpose of the study
Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography (ARFI) represents an innovative non-invasive tool for the evaluation of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and early identification of neoplastic nodules during the follow-up of cirrhotic patients; however, its diagnostic accuracy in the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still controversial.

Purpose of the study
To assess the potential role of ARFI elastography as a non-invasive tool for the prediction of HCC development among chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis and liver cirrhosis.

Methods
The present study recruited 440 patients: 349 CHC patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis and 91 patients with HCC-related hepatitis C virus (HCV). ARFI-imaging of the liver and transient elastography (TE) was carried out in all patients. ARFI imaging indices include the mean shear wave velocity of HCC, peritumoral parenchyma, and hepatic parenchyma in non-HCC patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and optimal cutoff values were obtained using a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to assess the diagnostic performance of ARFI elastography in the predication of HCC.

Results
The mean hepatic shear wave velocities by ARFI elastography of peri-tumoral cirrhotic hepatic parenchyma were significantly higher than in hepatic parenchyma in non-HCC patients (3.09 vs. 2.26 m/s, p <0.001). The AUROC for the identification of HCC was 0.8, 0.76, 0.76, 0.66, 0.72, and 0.7 for hepatic ARFI elastography, TE, fibrosis-4 score (FIB-4), AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI), AST/ALT ratio (AAR), and Age platelets index (API), respectively. Moreover, univariate regression analysis revealed that hepatic ARFI has the highest odd ratio in the prediction of HCC.

Conclusion
ARFI elastography had a superior diagnostic performance in the prediction of HCC compared to TE and non-invasive markers in CHC patients with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis, thus putting such patients on the top of the HCC screening list.
A study of the reaction 55Mn(p,4n)52Fe: excitation function and medical applications
Authors: Nicolis Nikolaos George , Tsitsis George-Rafael 
Published: May 2023

The present study concerns the medical applications and production of 52Fe via the reaction 55Mn(p,4n)52Fe together with the reference reaction 27Al(p,x)22Na employed in cross section measurements. Experimental excitation functions from threshold up to 200 MeV are compared with the predictions of the TALYS 1.95 code and the semi-empirical formulas SPACS and Silberberg & Tsao. We obtained two TALYS parameter sets for the 55Mn(p,4n)52Fe and 27Al(p,x)22Na reactions which give a good description of the excitation functions for energies up to 85 MeV. Discrepancies observed at higher energies require further investigation. The semi-empirical formulas provide a good description of the excitation functions above 120 MeV.
Universal relations and finite temperature neutron stars
Authors: Laskos-Patkos Pavlos , Koliogiannis Polychronis , Kanakis-Pegios Alkiviadis , Moustakidis Charalampos 
Published: May 2023

In the past few years, a lot of studies devoted to the discovery of universal relations (equation of state independent relations). The significance of such expressions can be understood if we consider that they offer the opportunity for testing general relativity in a way that is independent of the nuclear equation of state and they also allow us to impose constraints on the structure of neutron stars. The aim of this work is twofold. Firstly, we wish to clarify if hot equations of state are able to reproduce established universal relations. Secondly, we investigate a possible universal connection between the binding energy and the dimensionless tidal deformability of a neutron star. These two bulk properties are associated with two very important candidates for multimessenger signals, binary neutron star mergers and supernova explosions. We find that the predictions of hot equations of state do not agree with the predictions from accepted universal relations. Subsequently, the use of universal relations, when thermal effects are present, may be erroneous. Additionally, we find that, for moderate neutron star masses, the binding energy and the dimensionless tidal deformability of a neutron star satisfy a universal relation. The latter allows us to impose constraints on the binding energy of 1.4 Msun neutron star, using information from the analysis of the GW170817 event. Finally, we are able to present a universal relation between the compactness, the binding energy and the dimensionless tidal deformability, which is independent of the employed equation of state for zero and finite temperature.
Baryons and antibaryons in compressed nuclear matter
Authors: Gaitanos Theodoros , Chorozidou Arsenia 
Published: May 2023

In this work we discuss the in-medium properties of baryons and antibaryons in nuclear matter at densities beyond saturation. We focus the attention on the in-medium optical potentials of heavy baryons with strangeness content. That is, the hyperons Λ, Σ with strangeness S=-1 and the cascade particle Ξ with S=-2 . The particular treatment of the hyperons inside compressed matter is crucial in order to understand the in-medium modifications of baryons in matter conditions that may occur in the interior of neutron stars. We dicsuss further the properties of their antiparticles, since there are experimental data for the nucleonic sector (S=0) while for the strangeness sector (S=-1,-2) experimental information will be available in the close future at the new facilities, for instance, at FAIR and J-PARC.
Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema following administration of the ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 Coronavirus vaccine
Authors: Muhammad Syed Aun , Coath Fiona , Jegard James 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: We describe a case of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema (RS3PE) syndrome following administration of the ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 [recombinant] vaccine, suggesting a possible causal link. Case Description: A 72-year-old man presented to his general practitioner with swollen, oedematous hands and legs 2 weeks after receiving a coronavirus vaccine. He had raised inflammatory markers but remained systemically well. He was initially presumed to have cellulitis, but his symptoms persisted despite several courses of antibiotics. Deep vein thromboses, cardiac failure, renal failure and hypoalbuminaemia were ruled out. Upon Rheumatology review, he was diagnosed as having RS3PE syndrome with the Covid vaccine suspected of being an immunogenic trigger. Following initiation of steroid therapy, his symptoms improved dramatically, as is characteristic of RS3PE syndrome. Discussion: The pathophysiology of RS3PE is unclear. It is known to have various triggers and associations including infections, certain vaccines and malignancy. This case highlights that a coronavirus vaccine (ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 [recombinant] vaccine) is also a possible trigger. Factors that make the diagnosis likely include an acute onset of symptoms including pitting oedema in a typical distribution, age above 50, and unremarkable autoimmune serology. Other learning points from this case include the importance of antibiotic stewardship and the need to explore non-infectious causes of illness when antibiotics do not improve symptoms. Conclusion: The ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 [recombinant] vaccine is a possible trigger of RS3PE. However, the benefits of vaccines against coronavirus outweigh the risks in the majority of patients.
Nurses' perceptions of patient safety culture: a local phenomenon?
Authors: Reyes Ramos Maria José , Ferrer Tarrés Joan M , Costa Abós Silvia 
Published: May 2023

Background/Aims Patient safety culture is the product of values, beliefs, attitudes, perceptions, competencies and individual and collective behaviour patterns. Nurses often have the most contact with patients, so their perceptions of patient safety are crucial. This study aimed to assess perceptions of patient safety culture among nurses at a hospital in Spain. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using an adapted version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire. All 244 nurses working in a hospital in Spain took part. Respondents reported their perceptions of patient safety culture in their department in 12 domains using a 5-point Likert scale, with additional questions measuring overall perceptions of patient safety culture, personal and professional characteristics, and the proportion of respondents who had reported a patient safety incident in the previous year. Univariate and bivariate data analysis was performed using Jamovi software to identify relationships between variables. Results None of the 12 domains had a positive response rate (over 75%), indicating a generally weak patient safety culture. Perceptions of patient safety culture varied between departments, and were also affected by respondents' professional characteristics, such as their years of experience and whether they held a managerial role. Conclusions Further research and intervention is needed to improve patient safety cultures. It may be useful to assess patient safety culture and tailor strategies for improvement according to the specific needs of individual departments.
The impact of poorly applied human resources policies on individuals and organisations
Authors: Neal Adrian , Cooper Andrew , Waites Benna , Bell Nick , Race Adam , Collinson Martin 
Published: May 2023

Background/Aims Recent incidents have raised awareness about how corporate decisions and behaviour can negatively affect the health and wellbeing of healthcare professionals. This article uses a case study to explore the harm that failing to follow human resources procedures can cause to individuals, organisational culture and effectiveness, and make recommendations to improve practice. Methods Seven experts from a range of professional backgrounds offered opinions on an individual case study involving the misapplication of a human resources policy, considering how it may have deviated from lawful practice and the potential impact this had on both the individual and the organisation. Thematic analysis was carried out on this qualitative feedback to identify superordinate and subordinate themes. Results The thematic analysis identified four superordinate themes: failure to follow organisational policies; impact on the individual; impact on the organisation; and failure to learn. Conclusions Poor application of human resources procedures can cause harm to individuals and organisations in a number of different ways. Human resources departments need to actively protect the health and wellbeing of the individual/s involved in investigative procedures, rather than focusing solely on executing the process.
Does Orthodontic Treatment Provide Long-term Improvements in Patients' Self-esteem and Oral Health-related Quality of Life? A Literature Review
Authors: Coffey Deirdre , Doody Katie 
Published: May 2023

Orthodontic treatment is often provided on the assumption that improvements of oral function and aesthetics will result in improved self-esteem (SE) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This article reviews the current available literature pertaining to the effect of orthodontic treatment on SE and OHRQoL, with a special focus on the longevity of any influence observed. Currently, there is no strong evidence to support that orthodontic treatment causes significant increases in SE and OHRQoL. Reports of treatment benefit in this regard remain equivocal, and the longevity of any effects on SE or OHRQoL remains unknown. This provides an insight into evidence-based treatment benefits and aids informed decision-making. CPD/Clinical Relevance: An awareness of the effect of orthodontic treatment on self-esteem and oral health-related quality of life is important to allow a greater understanding of treatment benefit and satisfaction