bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable facilities management in Malaysia: Adoption challenges and the way-forward for improvements
Authors: Moayedi Farzaneh , Klufallah Mustafa , Tanko Bruno , Hasmori Fikri , Khit Simon 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
One of the most important issues the world is currently facing is climate change. The sustainability agenda needs to be incorporated into the built environment in order to address this issue. Facilities management (FM) is regarded as having the greatest potential to drive and incorporate the sustainability agenda into the built environment. There can be a significant environmental impact from FM services provided in buildings. This resulted in the combination of FM activities and sustainability principles, giving rise to the idea of sustainable facilities management (SFM). In the context of Malaysia, this paper identifies the issues with SFM and potential solutions. The research used a quantitative approach to gather data through a questionnaire survey, and the Relative Importance Index (RII) was used for data analysis. The results show that, energy consumption reduction is the widely implemented practice, while legislation is the most important driver of SFM in Malaysia. Financial constraints and a lack of knowledge and understanding of SFM are the least significant barriers to SFM implementation. Participation in SFM workshops or training is the most crucial improvement that should be made, while investing in building information modelling or other pertinent technologies for FM purposes is the least crucial improvement. Overall, the results show that Malaysia’s rate of SFM adoption and implementation is still low.
Physical properties of Dolomite fines as partially replacement of cement
Authors: Rahim Mustaqqim Abdul , Ivin Chan , Ibrahim Norlia Mohamad , Shahidan Shahiron , Ayob Afizah , Bawadi Nor Faizah , Anudai@Anuar Shamilah , Zuki Sharifah Salwa Mohd , Salehuddin Shamshinar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Since the cost of cement increases and the pollution to environment due to greenhouse effect are becoming more serious year by year, thus, dolomite fines subjected to replace the cement in concrete mix as it has lower cost compared to cement and it is obtain directly from the Earth ground without any manufactured process. Dolomite fines also shows almost similar physical and chemical properties as cement. The various replacement of cement with dolomite fines carried out in this study is 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 25%. The grade of concrete sample designed to be 30. The properties of concrete sample in terms of physical characteristics; slump, density and water absorption for various percentage replacement are determined in this study. In this study, it shows the dolomite fines are lightweight aggregate compared to the cement and the water absorption of is lower compare to that of the control concrete.
Combination of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Sewage Sludge Ash (SSA) as sustainable replacement material for cement in concrete
Authors: Tutur Nuraini , Daud Nurhidayati Mat , Rosseli Siti Rahimah , Yunus Juzailah Nur , Abdullah Mohd Fazli 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Increase in the demand of conventional construction materials and the need for providing a sustainable growth in the construction field has prompted the designers and developers to opt for ‘alternative materials’ feasible for use in construction. For this objective, the use of industrial waste products and agricultural by products are very constructive. These industrial wastes and agricultural by products such as Rice Husk Ash and Sewage Sludge Ash can be replaced instead of cement because of their pozzolanic behaviour, which otherwise requires large tract of lands for dumping. In the present investigation, Rice Husk Ash has been used as an admixture to cement in concrete and its properties has been studied. An attempt was also done to examine the strength and workability parameters of concrete. Five different replacement levels namely 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% are selected and studied with respect to the replacement method. The samples had been tested with non-destructive test to compare with normal concrete (OPC). There was an increment in number of concretes at 10% amount replacement SSA and RHA, but the rebound number declined when the amount replacement SSA and RHA are developing more than 10%. In addition, the concrete also showed increasing of compressive strength within the additional curing period, which was 7 days and 28 days. The overall results indicated that the properties and performance of concrete with 10% of combination of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Sewage Sludge Ash (SSA) replacement had reached the most optimum values on the measured.
Development of Graphene Oxide/Polyethylene to enhance mechanical properties through melt mixing technique
Authors: Yusof M A , Nor Rahman N H , Izirwan I , Mat Desa M S Z , Ab Ghani N F 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Graphene Oxide (GO) was added to Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) to test the mechanical properties of the compound. Compared to other types of polyethylene, LDPE provides a good balance of mechanical properties and processability, which leads to its being chosen as the research’s matrix material. This experiment aims to prepare LDPE/GO through melt mixing technique and analyse mechanical properties of tensile strength/tensile elongation of LDPE/GO composite based on GO concentration (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt%). The compounding of LDPE/GO was blended using a five-stage twin-screw extruder under specific conditions before going through the moulding process at melting temperature. The composites were cut according to ASTM D638 specimen dimension. The tensile properties of LDPE composites were filled separately with different weight fractions of GO at a 50 mm/min rate. It was found that the values of Young’s modulus of the composites increased, but the values of the tensile elongation at break decreased with increasing the GO weight fraction. The relatively big interfacial area and excellent interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the GO may be responsible for the composites’ reinforcement. This study provided a basis for further development of GO-reinforced LDPE composites with desirable mechanical performance and good damage behaviour.
The contribution of green building in reducing the carbon footprint and attaining SDG 13
Authors: Ahram F H , Zakaria Sh A Syed 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
As a result of the construction industry’s rapid growth, several local and international environmental issues have developed in recent years. Thus, numerous new environmental programs have been formed worldwide with the goal of reducing CO2 emissions and attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Therefore, the built environment must play an important role in keeping up with this development. Based on in-depth interviews with 15 experts in the field of green buildings in Jordan, this study aims to examine the role of green building technology (GBT) in Jordan in lowering CO2 emissions and achieving SDG13, which calls for taking urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. The findings from this paper reveal that there is a strong relationship between the implementation of GBT and the lowering of CO2 emissions resulting from the construction industry in Jordan, which contributes to achieving SDG13. The significance of this paper is to develop the basis of understanding of the importance of GBT adoption for further explorations and studies as an important field for the built environment in achieving the SDGs, which serve as a crucial foundation in protecting our planet and preserving the environment for future generations.
Ranking the critical causes of accidents in construction projects of Sindh: Perspective of safety professionals
Authors: Memon M H , Abas N H , Sohu S 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConstruction projects are running very rapidly throughout the world and undergoing many challenges like delay, quality standards, cost overruns, and accidents. Accidents at workplace have been a very common issue nowadays particularly in construction projects. The objective of this paper is to identify and rank the critical causes of accidents in building construction projects. The area of work is in the province of Sindh in Pakistan. For this study, the quantitative research methodology was used, and a questionnaire survey was conducted among safety professionals working on construction projects in Sindh. The average index method was used to analyse the data collected from the questionnaire survey. This study has determined a total of seven main causes of accidents in building construction projects, such as no edge protection; no availability or poor quality of personal protective equipment; violations of safety rules and regulations; carelessness or negligence; extensive subcontracting and outsourcing; malfunctioning or collapsing equipment or machinery, and a compressed work program. This research highlighted the critical causes of accidents in building construction projects and assisted the stakeholders of the construction industry in narrowing down some of the critical causes. Moreover, the results of this study motivate construction stakeholders to concentrate on the problems of accidents in building projects in Sindh.
Application and development of Artificial Neural Networks to predict structural damage subjected to earthquake-A review
Authors: Hakim S J S , Panguot D , Kamarudin A F , Chik T N T , Ghafar N H A , Yusoff N A , Tong Y G 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The complexity of earthquake incidents supports efforts to use machine learning methods as an alternative to conventional methods because they can simply capture difficult relations between the input and output parameters without requiring a particular functional structure. Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence techniques that applies the capacity of machines to recreate intelligent human behavior and has been receiving increasing consideration as an effective solution for damage detection due to earthquakes. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are one of the most important machine techniques, inspired by the human brain. There hasn’t been a lot of published research on the use of ANNs for structural damage identification to predict earthquakes on various structures up until now. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent studies on the applications and development of ANNs to predict earthquakes and damage caused by earthquakes on different structures. ANNs can learn from their experience and have drawn significant consideration in damage detection due to their capability of pattern identification and error tolerance in forming a nonlinear modeling between the inputs and outputs. According to this research, the use of ANNs can prevent unpredictable failures and reduce maintenance costs, increasing the safety and functionality of structures. A brief introduction to the ANN algorithm is presented first. Following that, the benefits, and limitations of ANNs, as well as some new research trends, have been discussed.
The benefits and application of green concrete towards sustainable built environment: A case study within Kuala Selangor area
Authors: Yahya Nik Fatma Arisya Nik , Sunarti Noorhidayah , Hin Loh Ja , Mahdzir Mazura , Mohamed Nik Norzahariah Ashikin N. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Environmental issues have become a global concern as it is getting serious and worse which eventually brings unforeseeable destructive impacts. The construction industry is regarded as one of the main contributors to this issue. Concrete that is used in construction is known as one of the most widely used materials on the earth, which on the other hand, poses a significant environmental issue. About 8 – 10% of carbon dioxide emissions are generated by the cement industry. In addition, greenhouse gases are released to the environment when natural aggregates are crushed and heated at elevated temperatures, which directly intensifies environmental burdens. To tackle the issue from the fundamental aspect, green concrete is introduced into the Malaysian construction industry. With an aim to promote green concrete application in the construction industry, this paper will achieve two objectives which include (i) to identify the benefits of green concrete to the environment (ii) to discuss the application of green concrete in construction projects. The primary data collection involves 87 sets of questionnaire survey which is distributed to the contractor’s company. The research findings revealed the benefits of green concrete (i.e., reducing waste, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and conserving natural resources) and it was found only 24 respondents are having experience in green concrete application.
Rapid visual assessment of crack on residential building
Authors: Chik T N T , Jalil A. A. M. , Yusoff N A , Hakim S J S , Ghafar N H A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Crack is a form of defect that mainly seen in any types of building including residential buildings. Building crack-free is unrealistic as the crack cannot be fully prevented during the construction process. However, the crack cannot be simply taken only as visually unattractive, it is also having a major effect on structure safety. This is because the crack does not pose a direct threat to building safety but it does encourage certain behaviours that can lead to serious safety issues. Even though the crack presence cannot be nullified, the crack can be prevented before becoming wider and worst. Therefore, crack assessment is very important. This study is focusing on the evaluation of cracks in residential buildings at Ayer Hitam, Muar, Johor. The main objective of this study is to assess the visual cracks rapidly on residential buildings in terms of crack width and their direction either horizontal, vertical, diagonal, or stair-step. The second objective is to determine the severity and location of cracks on wall surfaces of residential buildings. As a results, Site 1 has the biggest crack width of 21mm located at the kitchen wall and is classified as a severe crack. Meanwhile at Site 2, the biggest crack width is 6mm and classified as a moderate crack. The crack was spotted on the right-side wall of the house. Apart from that, the types of cracks recorded at both sites are vertical, diagonal, and horizontal. As a conclusion, the causes of crack were investigated. Soil settlement is might be the main factor of cracks happened at both sites due to peat soil type at both locations.
Thermo-voltage and strength performance of catalysed biomass concrete with Phosphomolybdic Acid and Ferric Chloride as renewable energy source
Authors: Lee H P , Gan Z S , Tan K S , Yong Y K , Abdul Rahman N , Low W P , Awang A Z 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Catalyzed biomass concrete (CBC) is a cutting-edge technology that produces its own voltages when exposed to temperature changes. It is achieved by mixing catalyst and biomass in conventional concrete during fresh state, and the product generates electricity by oxidation. It helps in reducing cement consumption and minimizing environmental effect, yet to produce new renewable energy from concrete itself. Existing studies has proven the voltage effectiveness of CBC but still low in compressive strength, making it not suitable to serve as load carrying component. Hence in this study, a new chemical combination of catalyst in CBC is examined and reported in its voltage and compressive strength performance. Cubes and specimens with catalyst percentage ranging from 5% to 40% were prepared and tested its compressive strength up to 56 days and its voltage performance under three different exposing condition from 0°C to 100°C. The findings show that CBC specimens with such catalyst combination able to produce voltages, where specimens with 40% of catalyst had the highest voltage measurement of 0.443V. While for compressive strength, CBC cubes with 10% of catalyst performed higher than 40%, but the strength captured with new catalyst combination is better that existing study. It is evident that CBC with such catalyst suitable to serve as load bearing component, and at the same time, generating electricity with complete circuit, under temperature different.
Fresh properties and flexural strength of 3D printing sustainable concrete containing GGBS as partial cement replacement
Authors: Rahmat N F , Ali N , Abdullah S R , Abdul Hamid N A , Salleh N , Shahidan S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The most extensively used construction materials in the world are cement, mortar, and concrete. GGBS is an alternative to Portland cement that can reduce carbon dioxide emissions significantly and has been recognized as an environmental-friendly construction material. It can also be used as a substitute or as a supplementary to cement, which can help promote sustainable development globally. On the other hand, 3D printing concrete is a revolutionary concrete building process that is developed by many research institutes and companies across the world. Some of the benefits of 3D printing concrete are the use of materials is optimized, reduce labour cost, fast construction and able to construct customized buildings. However the study about 3D printing concrete materials needs more extensive works in order for the materials to fulfill the criteria of 3D printing concrete properties. Therefore, this study tends to explore some of the materials properties of 3D printing concrete. The objective of this study is to investigate the fresh properties and flexural strength of 3D printing concrete containing GGBS as partial cement replacement and to evaluate the optimum percentage of GGBS as partial cement replacement in 3D printing concrete. The percentage replacement of GGBS that was carried out in this study was 0%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% with a 0.5 w/c ratio. Extrudability, flowability, buildability, and flexural strength tests were performed. From the experimental results, it shows that 30% of GGBS replacement recorded the highest flexural strength. The mix also performs well in extrudability and buildability test.
Walking test on Glulam-concrete composite floor
Authors: Abd Ghafar N H , Mohd Ikhsan H , Abd Aziz NZ , Yeoh D , Koh HB , Tuan Chik T N 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Glulam-concrete composite floor (GCC) is a hybrid flooring system which adopted from timber-concrete (TCC) flooring system concrete by replacing the sawn timber joist to Glulam timber joist. The concrete topping was poured on the concrete topping with stiffness connectors were installed to prevent the slip behaviour. Glulam timber is engineered timber that has a bigger strength compared to swan timber. This study is aims to identify the vibration behaviour of 7.6 m × 4.05 m Glulam Concrete Composite (GCC) floor. The walking tests were performed to get the vibration excitation on the floor. The person was walked horizontal and diagonal from one edge to another edge of the floor. The vibration data was recorded by accelerometer and analysis using ARTeMIS software package. The first natural frequency that obtained from both walking tests, (horizontally and diagonally walking test) were 12.9 Hz and 12.39 Hz, respectively. The natural frequencies were higher that 8 Hz as recommended by Eurocode 5, as acceptable value of limitation of vibration serviceability on the flooring system. As conclusion, the vibration behaviour of GCC floor was acceptable and the floor is comfortable to be used.
Strength performance of reinforced concrete beam containing waste tire rubber and local waste material
Authors: Mokhatar S N , Mutalib N A N A , Zabiddin M Z I , Hadipramana J , Hakim S J S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The strength of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structure is one of the concerns for construction development. In this study, waste tire rubber has been used to replace fine aggregate and the local waste material, Rise Husk Ash (RHA) as a cement replacement. Three groups of specimens with the same percentage of RHA about 10% and different percentages of waste crumb rubber (CR), 0%, 6% and 10% have been produced. Cube specimen and cylinder specimen are tested under compressive strength test and splitting tensile test. Besides, RC beam is tested under four points bending test. It is observed that by replacing 10% of RHA as cement replacement in addition to 0%, 6% and 10% of CR into concrete specimen, it can produce the compressive strength of 52.3 MPa, 34.3MPa and 28.6MPa respectively. Meanwhile, splitting tensile test gives a result of 2.80 MPa, 2.17 MPa and 1.84 MPa, respectively, based on the different CR percentages. For four points bending test, 6% of CR with 10% RHA gain 81.3 kN maximum load with 4.98 mm deflection while 10% of CR with 10% of RHA generate 79.5 kN of maximum load with 5.86 mm deflection compared with control specimen. Overall, 6% of CR with 10% of RHA in the reinforced concrete beam manage to withstand maximum load compare with control specimen.
Use of silicon rubber as a viscoelastic material in dampers
Authors: Alhasan Abbas Ali , Vafaei Mohammadreza , Ali Sophia C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
One of the most extensively utilized structural control devices is the viscoelastic damper (VD), and significant study has gone into enhancing their efficiency in structures. The mechanical response of a VD supplied with silicone rubber as viscoelastic material (SRD) under various loading conditions is investigated in this research. A conventional VD is the SRD, which is made up of dual layers of rubber mounted between three steel plates. A total of two specimens were produced. To evaluate the influence of strain amplitude and excitation frequency on the mechanical characteristics of SRD, each damper was exposed to harmonic loading with different values. Hysteretic loops for each loading case were extracted, and the variations of several mechanical parameters with the variated loading conditions were inspected. The results indicate that SRD has a high energy dissipation capacity, and has stable performance under different working conditions. Finally, a proper simplified element model was created using SAP2000 software to evaluate the dissipation characteristics and control impact of the SRD in structures, and then a time history analysis was executed on multi storey structure. Due to the obvious dampers’ extra stiffness and efficient damping property, the control impact of the SRD dampers on structural displacement is preferred and reflected on reducing the excessive displacement due to structure movement, according to data obtained.