bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of non-invasive point of care blood content analysis using the TensorTip™ MTX device: a method comparison study
Authors: Servaas Sjoerd , de Vreede Silke , Smeets Ruben L. , Stroobants An , van Eijk Lucas T. , Malagon Ignacio , Slagt Cornelis 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The TensorTip™ MTX is a non-invasive device designed to determine several physiological parameters with additional analysis of haemoglobin, haematocrit and blood gas analysis by interpreting blood diffusion colour of the finger skin based on spectral analysis. The aim of our study was to investigate the accuracy and precision of the TensorTip MTX in a clinical setting in comparison with routine analysis of blood samples.

Methods
Forty-six patients, scheduled for elective surgery, were enrolled in this study. Placement of an arterial catheter had to be part of the standard of care. Measurements were performed during the perioperative period. The measurements obtained with the TensorTip MTX were compared with the results of routine analysis of the blood samples as a reference using correlation, Bland-Altman analysis and mountain plots.

Results
No significant correlation was present in the measurements. Measurement of haemoglobin with the TensorTip MTX had a mean bias of 0.4 mmol/L, haematocrit’s bias was 3.0 %. Bias of partial pressure of carbon dioxide and oxygen was 3.6 and 66.6 mmHg, respectively. Calculated percentage errors were 48.2 , 48.9, 39.9 and 109.0 %. Proportional bias was present in all Bland-Altman analyses. Less than 95 % of the differences fell within the pre-set limits of allowable error.

Conclusions
Non-invasive blood content analysis with the TensorTip MTX device is not equivalent to and did not correlate sufficiently with conventional laboratory analysis. None of the parameters measured showed results within the limits of allowable error. Therefore, the use of the TensorTip MTX is not recommended for perioperative care.
Cognitio populi – Vox populi: Implications of science-related populism for communication behavior
Authors: Mede Niels G. , Schäfer Mike S. , Metag Julia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In many countries, science is challenged by science-related populism, which deems the common sense of “ordinary people” superior to the knowledge of “academic elites”. Individual support for science-related populism can be associated with people’s communication behavior: On the one hand, people who hold science-related populist attitudes may inform themselves differently about science; they may even be disconnected from societal discourse around science. On the other hand, they may communicate more actively on social media and in interpersonal conversations. We test this using nationally representative survey data from Switzerland. Results show that science-related populists use TV and social networking sites more often to get information about science. They are also more likely to communicate about science in social media comments. However, science-related populist attitudes are not associated with a general preference for social media over journalistic media. Science-related populism has thus not (yet) fueled a “science-related public disconnection”. We also run multiverse analyses, which show further nuances of our results, and discuss implications for science communication.
The ISDA Master Agreement and the Recognition of a Latent Contractual Network
Authors: Armitage Matthew 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
It is argued that contract law has yet to develop a coherent approach for recognising networks. This article uses the International Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreement, along with the systems which have been developed around it, as a case study for contractual networks which exist at the peripheries of current conceptions, partially recognised by law but also developing private technological solutions to augment their connectivity.
Language shift: gender differences in Chaouia use in Algeria
Authors: Rouabah Siham 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The paper explored the shift away from Chaouia, a variety of Tamazight, to the use of Algerian Arabic in Batna (northeast Algeria). The Chaouia-speaking community had recently witnessed a large rural exodus and significant social changes and mobility due to economic opportunities, education and ethnic contact. The paper focused on gender differences in language use and considered how socialisation and cultural ideologies regarding men’s and women’s relationship to language shape linguistic decisions and choices. Building upon representations of masculinity and femininity, we investigated the ways in which these gendered practices constrain or restrict Chaouia use among working-class Chaouias. We used a qualitative approach with an embedded quantitative element to analyse interviews and surveys across the domestic setting as well as schools and social networks in Batna to examine the interplay between gender identities and language socialisation at home, language choices at school and among friends. The increase in cross-ethnic contact with the larger Arabic-speaking community had introduced significant re-considerations of social and linguistic priorities in the community. The findings showed a clear impact of parents on the acquisition of a gendered pattern of language choice, with boys being socialised in Chaouia and girls in Algerian Arabic. This pattern was further reinforced at school and among peers through teachers and social networks. Females’ networks were ethnolinguistically heterogeneous whereas males’ networks were Amazigh-oriented. Hence, the traditional link of Tamazight to femininity was re-negotiated to generate a discourse of blame for the ongoing language shift and identity loss.
Sound language policies must be consistent with natural language evolution
Authors: Mufwene Salikoko S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSocietal multilingualism and multilectalism have been among the leading justifications for language policies, especially in the Global South, where many of these have failed. I associate the failures with poor choices of official languages and media of education, which are not consistent with the linguistic behaviors of the majority of the citizenry and the socioeconomic structures of the relevant polities. I review some cases of adequate and inadequate policies around the world and explain ecologically some reasons for either their successes or their failures. In a subset of the cases, I assess the results as mixed. My recommendation is of course not to follow the policy of a particular polity simply because it has succeeded there but to also check whether the ecology of its success is similar to that of the new polity. The relevant ecology includes the socioeconomic structure/system and the linguistic practices of the citizenry for whom the policy is intended. Among the issues to address is, for instance, whether the language adopted as the official language and medium of education is easy for the majority of the citizenry to learn successfully. Another is whether the language policy will make the economic development of the nation more inclusive and empower the majority economically and politically.
Numerical investigation of pressure drop within isothermal capillary rheometry for viscous and viscoelastic fluids
Authors: Tseng Huan-Chang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In capillary rheometry of a polymer melt, the total pressure drop consists of three primary components: shear viscosity, extensional viscosity, and normal stress differences. Traditionally, viscoelastic constitutive equations have been used to produce accurate predictions regarding the pressure drop. It is difficult to investigate the primary components in past experimental measurements and numerical computations. The useful improvement of the classic White-Metzner viscoelastic constitutive equation coupled with the weighted shear/extension viscosity is performed in isothermal capillary flow simulations. It is significant to analyze the extension-induced pressure drop for a short die and the shear-induced pressure drop for a long die, along with a small contribution of normal stress differences.
Between Nottin’ Ill Gite and Bleckfriars – the enregisterment of Cockney in the 19th century
Authors: Gerwin Johanna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the 19th century, Cockney, the traditional working-class accent of London, underwent a significant change in how it was perceived and described. At the beginning of the 19th century the public discourse on the Cockney accent was restricted to a few linguistic shibboleths such as the interchange of /w/ and /v/ (represented in spellings such asweal,winegar, orvell) and h-dropping, and mentioned by orthoepists and orthographically reproduced by some novelists. By the end of the 19th century, detailed Cockney descriptions and depictions had emerged, leading to the social and cultural construction – theenregisterment – of the Cockney dialect. This paper documents this process by systematically analysing various types of published meta-discourse for both the linguistic forms (shibboleths) mentioned and the social meanings associated with them, especially in the form of so-called ‘characterological figures of personhood’. It further analyses conflicting language ideologies that Cockney was subject to in the 19th century, and which influenced its enregisterment process.
Analysing bilingualism and biscriptality in medieval Scandinavian epigraphic sources: a sociolinguistic approach
Authors: Palumbo Alessandro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWritten culture in high and late medieval Scandinavia is characterized by a long and complex relationship between the Latin written tradition and the older native runic one. One product of the intersection of these traditions are several epigraphs where Latin, vernacular, Latin alphabet, and runes are combined. The aim of this paper is to propose a framework for analysing such bilingual and biscriptal inscriptions which takes into account two fundamental aspects of language and script choice: (1) the literacy of those involved in the production and reception of the texts, and (2) the role of the indexicality of languages and scripts in the shaping and representation of identities. The paper draws on epigraphic analyses and modern sociolinguistic approaches to written multilingualism and shows that an interdisciplinary method can further our understanding of the relationship between the Latin and vernacular written cultures, their status relative to each other, and their social functions in medieval Scandinavia.
Associations of clinical personnel characteristics and controlled substance prescribing practices
Authors: Millhollon Robert , Elenwo Covenant , Lundberg Alex , Roberts Will , Beaman Jason , Bray Natasha , Hartwell Micah 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Context
Over 68,000 deaths were attributed to opioid-related overdose in 2020. Evaluative studies have shown that states that utilized Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) systems have decreased opioid-related deaths. With the growing use of PDMPs and an ongoing opioid epidemic, determining the demographics of physicians at risk of overprescribing can elucidate prescribing practices and inform recommendations to change prescribing behaviors.

Objectives
This study aims to assess prescribing behaviors by physicians in 2021 based on four demographics utilizing the National Electronic Health Record System (NEHRS): physician’s age, sex, specialty, and degree (MD or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine [DO]).

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study of the 2021 NEHRS to determine the relationship between physician characteristics and PDMP use on opioid-prescribing behaviors. Differences between groups were measured via design-based chi-square tests. We constructed multivariable logistic regression models to assess the relationships, via adjusted odds ratios (AOR), between physician characteristics and alternate prescribing patterns.

Results
Compared to female physicians, male physicians were more likely to alter their original prescription to reduce morphine milligram equivalents (MMWs) prescribed for a patient (AOR: 1.60; CI: 1.06–2.39; p=0.02), to change to a nonopioid/nonpharmacologic option (AOR: 1.91; 95 % CI: 1.28–2.86; p=0.002), to prescribe naloxone (AOR=2.06; p=0.039), or to refer for additional treatment (AOR=2.07; CI: 1.36–3.16; p<0.001). Compared to younger physicians, those over the age of 50 were less likely to change their prescription to a nonopioid/nonpharmacologic option (AOR=0.63; CI: 0.44–0.90; p=0.01) or prescribe naloxone (AOR=0.56, CI: 0.33–0.92; p=0.02).

Conclusions
Our results showed a statistically significant difference between specialty category and frequency of prescribing controlled substances. After checking the PDMP, male physicians were more likely to alter their original prescription to include harm-reduction strategies. Optimizing the use of PDMP systems may serve to improve prescribing among US physicians.
The impact of trimester of COVID-19 infection on pregnancy outcomes after recovery
Authors: Seif Karl E. , Tadbiri Hooman , Mangione Mary , Wolfe Alexa , Whitaker Kiara , Desai Andrea , Turan Sifa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Many physiological adaptations occur during pregnancy. It is not currently known how timing of COVID-19 infection impacts pregnancy. We hypothesize that maternal and neonatal outcomes are different if COVID-19 infection occurs in different trimesters of pregnancy.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study was conducted from 3/2020 to 6/2022. Pregnant patients with a positive COVID-19 infection more than 10 days before delivery (COVID-recovered) were identified and grouped by trimester of infection. Demographics and maternal, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes were analyzed. ANOVA, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Pearson’s chi-squared test, and Fisher’s exact test were used to compare continuous and categorical data.

Results
A total of 298 COVID-recovered pregnant patients were identified. Of those, 48 (16 %) were infected in the 1st trimester, 123 (41 %) in the 2nd, and 127 (43 %) in the 3rd. There were no significant demographic differences between the study groups. Vaccination status was similar. Hospital admission rate and the need for oxygen therapy while infected were significantly higher in patients with 2nd or 3rd trimester infection (18 % & 20 % vs. 2 % and 13 % & 14 % vs. 0 %, respectively). Rates of preterm birth (PTB) and extreme PTB were higher in the 1st trimester infection group. Infants born to mothers infected in the 2nd trimester had more neonatal sepsis workups (22 % vs. 12 % & 7 %). Other outcomes were similar between groups.

Conclusions
First trimester COVID-recovered patients were more likely to have a preterm birth despite having lower rates of hospital admission and oxygen supplementation while infected than patients who recovered from a 2nd or 3rd trimester infection.
Acoustic emission wavelet time-frequency characteristics of fiber reinforced mortar failure process under axial compression
Authors: Wang Yan , Wang Na , Yan Chao , Zhao Haitao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In order to investigate the wavelet time-frequency characteristics of fiber reinforced mortar under axial compression, acoustic emission signals associated with steel fiber reinforced mortar and polypropylene fiber reinforced mortar with five different fiber contents (0 to 2.0 vol%) under axial compression were recorded. A new method of multivariate statistical analysis of wavelet time-frequency maps based on Morlet wavelet transform is proposed to make signal processing more accurate. Results show in the 15% to 85% loading stage, Type 3 and Type 4 signals are abundant in fiber reinforced mortar than plain mortar, while Type 7 and Type 9 signals are abundant in the 85% to 100% loading stage. According to the temporal localization characteristics of signal frequency quantified by each type of signals, it can be inferred that the fibers improve the toughness of concrete materials. It is also found the strengthening and toughening effect of steel fiber is more sensitive to fiber contents than that of polypropylene fiber. The ratio of Type 1 signals can be used as a warning against the final failure of materials while that of Type 5 signals can be used to evaluate the anti-cracking effect of fibers.
Path-dependent multiaxial fatigue behavior of A319 aluminum alloy under non-proportional loading conditions
Authors: Liao Yiping , Liu Xiaoshan , He Guoqiu , Zhou Zhiqiang , Liu Yinfu , Wang Qigui , He Qiao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the multiaxial low fatigue test study, four multiaxial non-proportional fatigue loading paths were used including rectangular, square, rhombic and circular. The effect of loading condition changes on the fatigue behavior and cyclic damage characteristics of A319 aluminum alloy was investigated by means of stress response curves, stress–strain hysteresis lines, fatigue fracture morphology, and dislocation substructure morphology in combination with material microstructure. The non-proportional hardening behavior exhibits strong loading path dependence, and the fatigue plastic deformation in the torsional direction is greater in the circular and rhombic paths, and the fatigue damage is more severe, resulting in a shorter fatigue life of A319 aluminum alloy. The axial directions under non-proportional multiaxial loading all have tensile and compressive asymmetric behavior. The differences in loading paths result in different fatigue crack expansion modes. The non-proportional additional hardening behavior under different loading paths is closely related to the dislocation substructure. In the rhombic and circular paths, the alloys have higher dislocation density and strong interaction between dislocations and precipitation phases, which is macroscopically expressed as stronger non-proportional hardening ability in the rhombic and circular loading paths.
Accelerated test device and method for critical chloride concentration initiating steel depassivation in cement-based materials
Authors: Lu Jinma , Huang Junming , Yu Bo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In order to overcome the disadvantages of traditional test devices and methods, new accelerated test device and efficient test method for critical chloride concentration (Ccrit) initiating steel depassivation in cement-based materials were developed. Based on the theory of electromigration, a new accelerated test device for Ccrit was invented first by combining with the chloride electromigration system and electrochemical test system. Then the influences of applied voltage and continuous power-on time on electrochemical parameters including open-circuit potential, polarization resistance, and corrosion current density during the steel depassivation process were investigated. Moreover, an efficient test method for Ccrit was proposed based on the quantitative criterion in terms of corrosion current density. Analysis results show that Ccrit can be measured quickly and accurately based on the accelerated test device and method by selecting appropriate applied voltage (e.g., 3–6 V) and continuous power-on time (e.g., 48–72 h).
How to get deeper insights into the optical properties of lanthanide systems: a computational protocol from ligand to complexes
Authors: Carlotto Silvia , Babetto Luca , Rancan Marzio , Bottaro Gregorio , Casarin Maurizio , Armelao Lidia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Theoretical calculations are proving as an essential tool to understand luminescence processes even for systems including lanthanide (Ln3+) ions. As such, the aim of this study is that of presenting a general and comprehensive theoretical protocol based on DFT calculations to rationalize and possibly drive the design of new luminescent Ln3+ complexes through the ab initio determination of the electronic properties of a ligand and two Eu3+ complexes. Different theoretical methodologies have been combined to look into the excited state energies, the luminescence quantum yield, and the energy transfer processes. The protocol has been validated for a β-diketone ligand and two Eu3+ complexes, which contain, in addition to the main ligand, ethanol or triphenylphosphine oxide. Moreover, by starting from the geometry optimization up to the estimation of the ligands’ singlet and triplet lowest energy states, theoretical results quantitatively agree with luminescence experimental parameters, providing at the same time insights into the different energy transfer processes. The different quantum yields of the two complexes have been correctly reproduced.
Anticancer activity and DNA interaction of bis(pyridyl)allene-derived metal complexes
Authors: Maliszewska Hanna K. , Abdelhamid Mahmoud A. S. , Marín María J. , Waller Zoë A. E. , Muñoz María Paz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe constant need for novel drugs has prompted the scientific community to explore alternative structures to natural products and small and medium size organic compounds used in classic medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry. Since the discovery of cisplatin, organometallic compounds have revealed great potential as metallodrugs and their development has exponentially grown in recent years. In this manuscript, we describe our efforts towards the synthesis of new metallodrugs by reaction of bis(pyridyl)allenes and metal complexes. Two classes of compounds are presented: one in which the allene structure is intact and the metal (Pd(II), Pt(IV) or Au(III)) coordinates to the pyridine-nitrogens; and another, in which one of the pyridines cyclises into a gold-activated allene to form β-N-stabilised gold carbenes. Both classes of compounds are active catalysts in important organic reactions, and are also promising antimicrobial, antifungal and anticancer agents. In this work, we describe the promising anticancer activity, against breast cancer cells, of the gold carbene complexes, and preliminary studies of their interaction with DNA, including non-canonical DNA structures. Our results have revealed an unusual selective stabilisation of hTeloC i-motif by one of the Au(III) carbene complexes, that opens up exciting opportunities for further development of novel DNA-binding metallodrugs.