bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.): GC/MS profiling, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of stem essential oil
Authors: Ibok Michael G. , Odeja Oluwakayode O. , Okpala Ejike O. , Eghwubare Juliet E. , Anifalaje Eniola O. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod. (Acanthaceae) is a renowned medicinal plant used to ease menstrual cramps and treat female infertility, anaemia, dysentery, urinary tract infection and haemorrhoids. Essential oils and their constituents from herbs have also been utilised in the management of a good number of ailments in ethno-medicine. The chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the stem essential oil are investigated in this study. The essential oil was obtained by hydro-distillation using an all-glass Clevenger apparatus. Identification and characterisation were done using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry, while antioxidant activity was evaluated with 2, 2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH*) method. The antimicrobial property was assessed by the broth dilution method.

Results
The essential oil contained forty-three compounds constituting 62.87% of the total oil composition. It was dominated by non-terpene derivatives, of which (14β)-Pregnane (17.58%) is the most abundant compound. Other significant compounds identified in the essential oil include n-decane (2.3%), norbornane (2.2%), (−)-α-Copaene (1.5%), 10-epizonarene (1.5%), thymol (1.25) and (−)-α-phellandrene (1.12%). The essential oil exhibited significant antioxidant activity (IC50 0.7296 μg/mL), which is more active than the standards; vitamin C (IC50 0.8728 μg/mL) and butylated hydroxy anisole (IC50 0.8729 μg/mL) used for the assay. Also, the oil inhibited significant bacterial and fungal strains at concentrations ranging from 100 to 3.125 μg/mL with a minimum inhibitory concentration between 3.5 and 6.5 μg/mL.

Conclusion
The chemical composition of the stem essential oil of E. speciosa could be responsible for the pharmacological applications of the plant in ethno-medicine and the chemical constituent of the stem essential oil of E. speciosa is reported for the first time.

Graphical Abstract
Trends of research topics related to Halal meat as a commodity between Scopus and Web of Science: A systematic review
Authors: Nafik Hadi Ryandono Muhammad , Mawardi Imron , Nugraha Rani Lina , Widiastuti Tika , Tri Ratnasari Ririn , Kusuma Wardhana Akhmad 
Published: June 2023

Background: People are more aware of halal products in commodity markets. Halal meat is an essential commodity for society in the Islamic commodity market in particular. The objective of this study was to analyze differences in research trends related to halal meat in published papers indexed by Scopus and Web of Science. The objective is to observe how was halal meat as commodity become the trend of research written by Indonesian authors, as well as what was the novelty of the research trend related to such tiopic. Methods: This study used purposive sampling with a bibliometric approach in collecting the samples. The samples were published papers from the Scopus and Web of Science (SCI) databases from 2006 to 25th October 2021. The were 154 samples found from cSopus and 50 samples in Web of Science (SCI). Analysis was performed by VOSviewer and biblioshiny. Results: Overall, 154 papers from Scopus and 50 from SCI were analyzed. Scopus and SCI exhibited different research trends. Moreover, papers from Scopus were dominated by Indonesian authors; those from SCI were not. The source growth of published papers in SCI was more dynamic than that in Scopus. The research trends in papers from SCI were more focused on the types of meat and the source itself. This was different to papers in Scopus, which placed greater emphasis on the supply chain. Conclusions: This paper can act as a reference for continued research into halal meat in commodity markets, especially in Islamic countries. This paper is the first to compare the research trends in halal meat in the commodity market by comparing the differences in two major indexes, Scopus and SCI.
Association of PD-L1 immunoexpression with the clinicopathological characteristics and its prognostic significance in OPMD and OSCC: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Durge Shelley Rajendra , Hande Alka , Khan Samiha , Gawande Madhuri Nitin , Patil Swati K , Sonone Archana , Pakhale Aayushi 
Published: June 2023

Background: Head and neck cancers stands on eighth most prevalent tumor in Oral and Maxillofacial region among which the most frequent malignant tumor is Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Worldwide 880,000 patients suffer with head and neck cancer each year, and around 440,000 die due to it. Every day the number of clinical trials is increasing and many research focuses on improved surgery, radiotherapy and also chemotherapy. The immune system, under normal conditions, functions for the protection of the host against various infectious diseases and tumours. Cell surface proteins known as "programmed cell death 1" (PD-1) and "programmed cell death ligand 1" (PD-L1) are essential for the proper functioning of immunological checkpoints. The expression of “PD-L1” positive cells has a direct correlation with poorer prognostic outcome and its correlation is inversed with CD8+T cells infiltrating tumor. This study focuses on association of “PD-L1" immunoexpression to clinicopathological characteristics and its prognostic importance in Oral Premalignant Disorder (OPMD) and OSCC. Methods: The study included surgical tissue samples from individuals who underwent surgery for OSCC. Cases altogether, including OPMD and OSCC were chosen. Examination of sections stained with “PD-L1” antibody was done under Leica DMLB2 (Leica microscope). Results: The present study showed significant correlation between PD-L1 immunoexpression with the clinicopathological characteristics of OPMD and OSCC cases. Conclusions: The premalignant lesions show the intermediate “PD-L1” expression which lie between the normal or hyperplastic lesions to the OSCC. This shows a condition where there are biological adaptations has been confirmed already which directed towards malignant transformation. So, there is a crucial role of “PD-L1’ in the progression of tumor.
Comparative evaluation of the forces produced by tongue on circummaxillary sutures in skeletal Class III malocclusion with maxillary hypoplasia using tongue crib with that of facemask therapy - A FEM study
Authors: Mathew Jeni Ann , Kamble Ranjit H , Shrivastav Sunita , Daigavane Pallavi S 
Published: June 2023

Background: Class III malocclusion has the lowest incidence when compared to other malocclusions. Class III malocclusion can be present in retrognathic maxilla, prognathic mandible or a combination. Various modalities have been used in treatment. Facemask with expansion is an effective appliance used for protraction in case of retrognathic mandible; although it is effective, dentists have to deal with patient compliance. Efforts have been directed to simplify the design of appliance to redirect growth. The finite element method can be used to simulate conditions to check various hypothesis. Methods: A finite element method (FEM) study was performed in two important steps: generation of model and model analysis. A tongue force of 4-6 pounds was applied to cribs (Group I) based on the frequency of swallowing per day (minimum to maximum). In facemask therapy (Group II), a downward force at 30 degrees along with transverse expansion of 1N was applied. Mean values of both sides were considered. Results: Von-Mises stresses in Group I and Group II showed a non-significant difference (p=0.535). Displacement in Group I and Group II showed a significant difference (p=0.0001). Maximum amount of displacement was seen in maxillary dentition on canines and incisors, and minimum stress was seen on posterior teeth in both interventional therapies, even though the Von-Mises stresses generated were different in both groups. Overall displacement in both Group I and Group II was similar. Conclusions: Both modalities were effective in the treatment of Class III malocclusion. The force transmission varied and overall displacement was similar in both modalities, which implies both modalities are effective in treating Class III malocclusion.
Socio-Cultural Design in the Preparation of Bachelors of Socio-Cultural Activities: the Experience of Branding the Kemerovo Region (Kuzbass)
Authors: Lazareva L. , Vasil'kovskaya Margarita 
Published: June 2023

In the article, the authors consider the vectors of professional training of bachelors of socio-cultural activities, focused on solving the problems of consolidating the state and civil society. Socio-cultural design is the most effective technology to solve this problem.
It is noted that the curricula of universities that train bachelors of social and cultural activities include disciplines whose main educational goal is to attract student youth to socially significant activities aimed at improving living conditions, developing social activity of various population groups, as well as mastering and the preservation of national cultural values and traditions.
In the process of formation of knowledge about the history and culture of Russia and the native land among bachelors of socio-cultural activities, as well as practical participation in the development and implementation of relevant socio-cultural projects, the territory is branded. The brand of the region is defined as a territorial identity, systematically expressed in bright and attractive ideas, symbols, values, images, well-known brands of the territories of Kuzbass are also presented, which influence the quality of life and regional identity of the population of the region.
Scalable Computation of Dynamic Flow Problems via Multimarginal Graph-Structured Optimal Transport
Authors: Haasler Isabel , Ringh Axel , Chen Yongxin , Karlsson Johan 
Published: June 2023

In this work, we develop a new framework for dynamic network flow problems based on optimal transport theory. We show that the dynamic multicommodity minimum-cost network flow problem can be formulated as a multimarginal optimal transport problem, where the cost function and the constraints on the marginals are associated with a graph structure. By exploiting these structures and building on recent advances in optimal transport theory, we develop an efficient method for such entropy-regularized optimal transport problems. In particular, the graph structure is utilized to efficiently compute the projections needed in the corresponding Sinkhorn iterations, and we arrive at a scheme that is both highly computationally efficient and easy to implement. To illustrate the performance of our algorithm, we compare it with a state-of-the-art linear programming (LP) solver. We achieve good approximations to the solution at least one order of magnitude faster than the LP solver. Finally, we showcase the methodology on a traffic routing problem with a large number of commodities. Funding: This work was supported by KTH Digital Futures, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse [Grants KAW 2018.0349, KAW 2021.0274, the Wallenberg AI, Autonomous Systems and Software Program (WASP) funded by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation], Vetenskapsrådet [Grant 2020-03454], and the National Science Foundation [Grants 1942523 and 2206576].
Setting Gendered Expectations? Recruiter Outreach Bias in Online Tech Training Programs
Authors: Lane Jacqueline N. , Lakhani Karim R. , Fernandez Roberto M. 
Published: June 2023

Competence development in digital technologies, analytics, and artificial intelligence is increasingly important to all types of organizations and their workforce. Universities and corporations are investing heavily in developing training programs, at all tenure levels, to meet the new skills needs. However, there is a risk that the new set of lucrative opportunities for employees in these tech-heavy fields will be biased against diverse demographic groups like women. Although much research has examined the experiences of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields and occupations, less understood is the extent to which gender stereotypes influence recruiters’ perceptions and evaluations of individuals who are deciding whether to apply to STEM training programs. These behaviors are typically unobserved because they occur prior to the application interface. We address this question by investigating recruiters’ initial outreach decisions to more than 166,000 prospective students who have expressed interest in applying to a midcareer level online tech training program in business analytics. Using data on the recruiters’ communications, our results indicate that recruiters are less likely to initiate contact with female than male prospects and search for additional signals of quality from female prospects before contacting them. We also find evidence that recruiters are more likely to base initial outreach activities on prospect gender when they have higher workloads and limited attention. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of this research for our understanding of how screening and selection decisions prior to the application interface may undermine organizational efforts to achieve gender equality and diversity as well as the potential for demand-side interventions to mitigate these gender disparities. Funding: We gratefully acknowledge Harvard Business School and MIT Sloan School of Management for generously funding this work. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.16499 .
Super-resolved total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy using random illuminations
Authors: Affannoukoué Kévin , Labouesse Simon , Maire Guillaume , Gallais Laurent , Savatier Julien , Allain Marc , Rasedujjaman Md , Legoff Loic , Idier Jérôme , Poincloux Renaud , Pelletier Florence , Leterrier Christophe , Mangeat Thomas , Sentenac Anne 
Published: June 2023

A benefit of random illumination microscopy (RIM) is that it improves the resolution and linearity of the brightness of structured illumination microscopy using minimally controlled speckled illumination. Here, we implemented RIM in the total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) configuration for imaging biological processes close to the coverslip surface. Using standard TIRF objectives, we separated fluorescent lines 60 nm apart and achieved high contrast 86 nm resolution on fixed biological samples. Applied to live macrophages, TIRF-RIM provided two-color dynamic images of paxillin nanoclusters with remarkable spatial (96–120 nm) and temporal (1–8 Hz) resolutions, respectively. The simple experimental setup and imaging protocol together with the robustness of the data processing to leaks and aberrations make TIRF-RIM a method of choice for super-resolution TIRF imaging.
The Implications of Child Trafficking on Society, A Case Study of Westland Sub-County Kenya
Authors: Njama Daniel Kamau , Bor Erick , Mwaeke Panuel 
Published: June 2023

This paper uses data collected for an MA Thesis on the implications of child trafficking on society, a case study of Westland Sub-County, Kenya. The study has been motivated by increased cases of child trafficking in Kenya, especially within Kitsuru, though with little research activity in this area. The study was guided by the following research objectives; to determine the prevalence of child trafficking cases, to establish factors responsible for child trafficking to examine the effects of child trafficking on victims and finally to assess impact of child trafficking in Westland-Sub-County, Kenya. This study was grounded by Bronfenbrenner’s (1994) Ecological Systems Theory. The study used mixed method design and a purposive sampling design model. The main method of data collection was the interview. In addition, FGDs were used to collect data from the victim respondents. The sample size comprised of 50 respondents that included; DCI Officers, Employees from; HAART Kenya, Kabete Remand Home, Children Department and Parents of Trafficked children. Data was coded and analyzed using NVIVO software, computer software for managing qualitative and quantitative data. The first objective established prevalence average, of about 11 children that are trafficked every month in Westland’s Sub County. The study further established frequent information tips of 10s of children being clandestinely trafficked outside the country though without arrests, indication a possibility of very intricate web of organized informers for child traffickers. The second objective established the factors responsible for child trafficking in Westland Sub-County, Kenya. These included; high demand for women in sex trafficking (60%), economic hardship (90%), demand for cheap domestic and agricultural labour (80%) poverty(100%), and demand from human organ harvesting sector(50%).In all this the underlying factor is the temptation of poverty. The third objective established the effects of child trafficking on Victims in Westland Sub-County, Kenya from both the perspectives of adult respondents and from the victim respondents. These include; Low self-esteem and self-worth, inability to trust and build meaningful relationships in later life, substance misuse, and post-traumatic stress disorder all rated at 90%, fear, anger and hostility, sexualized behaviour, pseudo maturity and self-harm all rated at 80 percent. The fourth objective established the impact of child trafficking in Westland’s Sub-County, Kenya; educational impacts, economic impacts, health impacts, societal impacts and national security impacts that are likely to ground the country’s economy, trap families and communities into cycles of poverty amongst other impacts. Amongst other major recommendations, the government should first treat as a national disaster and hand it as such.
Semi-automatic assessment of lack of control code documentation in automated production systems
Authors: Dong Quang Huan , Vogel-Heuser Birgit , Neumann Eva-Maria 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper first examines the current state of industrial practice of documentation in automated production systems based on a large-scale survey in machine and plant manufacturing proving that companies still face major challenges in documentation. However, insufficient documentation creates friction since it may increase the risk of malfunction and high costs, and impede system development due to lack of traceability, especially for control software being one of the main functionality carriers. Therefore, secondly, a risk priority indicator RPI4DD is proposed to systematically capture the lack of control code documentation to avoid undesired costs due to inadequate documentation.
Salinity and temperature affect growth rate of Alphamyces chaetifer and Gorgonomyces haynaldii (Chytridiomycota) isolated from coastal habitats of Taiwan
Authors: Guo Sheng-Yu , Jones E.B. Gareth , Chiang Michael W.L. , Pang Ka-Lai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Salinity and temperature are two of the key environmental variables influencing the distribution of fungi. Results from the limited research available on the effects of salinity and temperature on growth and reproduction of chytrids were inconclusive. This study investigated the combined effects of salinity (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32) and temperature (17, 24, 30 °C) on the growth rate of Alphamyces chaetifer (isolates IMB230, IMB231, IMB232) and Gorgonomyces haynaldii (IMB233, IMB237, IMB239) cultured from low-salinity water samples collected from coastal wetlands/ponds of eastern Taiwan. All isolates grew well at salinity 4 or below, irrespective of the incubation temperatures, although some grew significantly faster at 30 °C. No growth was observed at salinity 16 or 32. At or below 4, A. chaetifer IMB230 and IMB231, isolated from the same collection site where salinity was 2, produced the fastest growth rate at these salinities while G. haynaldii IMB237 and IMB239, isolated from water samples of zero salinity, had the slowest growth rate. These results agree with previous research that chytrids are sensitive to salinity, and may explain why only 27 culturable Chytridiomycota species and allied taxa have been documented from the marine environment.
Mineral composition, principal polyphenolic components, and evaluation of the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant properties of Cytisus villosus Pourr leaf extracts
Authors: Zouhri Aziz , El Menyiy Naoual , El-mernissi Yahya , Bouddine Toufik , El-mernissi Rafik , Amhamdi Hassan , Elharrak Abdelhay , Salamatullah Ahmad Mohammad , Nafidi Hiba-Allah , Khallouki Farid , Bourhia Mohammed , Hajji Lhoussain 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Cytisus villosus Pourr. (C. villosus) is a medicinal plant belonging to the Fabaceae family, which grows in the Mediterranean area. It is used in traditional medicine against diseases related to inflammation. The objective of the present study was to identify the mineral and polyphenolic composition as well as to evaluate some biological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities of C. villosus leaf aqueous extract. The chemical constituents were identified and quantified using ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) methods. The antioxidant properties of C. villosus leaves were tested using reducing power (RP), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. The anti-inflammatory potency was evaluated in vitro and in vivo using the albumin denaturation test and the carrageenan test, respectively. Furthermore, the analgesic effect was performed in vivo using tail flick, acetic acid-induced contortion, and plantar tests. Mineralogical analysis revealed that potassium and calcium were the most abundant minerals. The analysis and quantification of the phytochemical composition using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS showed that quinic acid (57.478 ± 1.72 mg/kg) was the major compound of the aqueous extract, followed by salicylic acid (17.38 ± 0.2 mg/kg), isoquercetin (16.895 ± 1.01 mg/kg), and gallic acid (15.914 ± 1.51 mg/kg). The extracts showed potent antioxidant activity for all tests used. The highest antioxidant activity was recorded for the DPPH, ABTS and RP methods, with an IC50 of 3.94 ± 0.09, 2.88 ± 0.07, and 1.94 ± 0.10 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, using the most frequent analgesic assays, the aqueous extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg exhibited a potent analgesic activity. Notably, an interesting inhibition of albumin denaturation was recorded with an IC50 of 383.94 μg/mL, corroborating the in vivo test. Overall, the results presented here may represent a scientific basis for the traditional use of C. villosus in the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.
Determination of the contents of bioactive compounds in St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum): Comparison of commercial and wild samples
Authors: Rychlewski Paweł , Kamgar Elham , Mildner-Szkudlarz Sylwia , Kowalczewski Przemysław Łukasz , Zembrzuska Joanna 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) is a medicinal plant with a rich history of traditional use. It has been shown to possess a range of beneficial health properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the content of flavonoids and the antioxidant activity of commercially available dried and wild-grown samples were analyzed using the LC–MS/MS method. In addition, these samples were evaluated for their functional constituents, such as phenolic acids (ferulic, caffeic, chlorogenic, and gallic acids), quercetin, rutin, pseudohypericin, and hypericin using the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. The most important antioxidant constituents in the samples analyzed were polyphenols with chlorogenic acid as the predominant compound. The content of the most important biocomponents with antidepressant activity was also analyzed. The results suggest that wild plants exposed to more stress factors have higher amount of compounds with antidepressant effects than plants grown in controlled conditions.