bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Parenting Practices for Early Child Development: Experimental Evidence from Rwanda
Authors: Justino Patricia , Leone Marinella , Rolla Pierfrancesco , Abimpaye Monique , Dusabe Caroline , Uwamahoro Marie D , Germond Richard 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the short- and medium-term impact of a randomized group-based early child development program targeting parents of children aged 6–24 months in a poor, rural district of Rwanda. This low-intensity, short-duration, and low-cost program engaged parents through sessions that included a novel radio show and facilitated discussions during 17 weekly village-level meetings. The intervention included two treatment arms, with different components. Twelve months after baseline, children’s communication, problem-solving, and personal social skills improved in treated groups and persisted almost 3 years later in the full treatment arm. Positive effects on maternal time investments, attitudes, and beliefs, as well as investments in play resources, also persisted over time. A mediation analysis shows that the positive impact observed in child development can be attributed to positive changes in parental and home environment inputs, particularly in the longer term. This study offers important insights for the design and delivery at scale of early child development interventions among some of the most disadvantaged communities in the world.
Environmental Legal Research is Changing: Alternating Tenor/Terror of Scholarship, Despair and Self-Care
Authors: French Duncan , Dawson David L , Golijani-Moghaddam Nima 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
No one can tell us—as individuals—how we should feel about environmental harm, be it upset at individual species loss, distress at systemic level change, or deeper existential angst. That universal truism applies as much to us, as scholars, as it does to us as world-citizens. Recognising that environmental harm is increasingly impacting lived experiences, this commentary both argues that we should not only reflect consciously on how this might affect our scholarship, but that we should proactively take steps to improve our mental health and self-care. Written collaboratively by an environmental lawyer and research clinical psychologists, the commentary concludes that acceptance of the challenges confronting us, and that it is all right to be anxious about them in our own lives, will not necessarily make our scholarship any better but it might allow us to avoid unhelpful, artificial, and potentially painful deep-seated, divisions within ourselves.
Augmenting the bioavailability of iron in rice grains from field soils through the application of iron-solubilizing bacteria
Authors: Kartik Vinodbhai Patel , Chandwani Sapna , Amaresan Natarajan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The biofortification approach has been widely used to enhance mineral nutrients in staple foods such as rice (Oryza sativa). In the present study, iron-solubilizing plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) were evaluated for iron fortification of rice grains and NPK via field experiments. Inoculation of iron-solubilizing bacteria showed significant improvements in growth parameters, such as plant height, root and shoot dry weight, panicle length, grain yield, and nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, and iron uptake. The mobilization of iron was ranged from 53.88% to 89.05% in rice grains compared to the uninoculated plants. The present study results revealed that application of PGPB strains is vital approach to combat the problem of iron deficiency in rice and subsequently in humans.
Lactobacillus fermentum 1.2133 display probiotic potential in vitro and protect against Salmonella pullorum in chicken of infection
Authors: Wang Min , Hu Jie , Yu Han , Li Wenhui , He Guangyu , Dong Jinsheng , Liu Yannan , Shi Shuiqin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The efficacy of Lactobacillus as an antibiotic substitute has been investigated as one of the potential strategies to prevent Salmonella infection in poultry. The purpose of this study was to explore the antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus fermentum 1.2133 (Lact. fermentum 1.2133) against Salmonella pullorum CVCC533 (Salm. pullorum CVCC533) and its effect on chickens infected with Salm. pullorum CVCC533. Results showed that Lact. fermentans 1.2133 has antibacterial activity against Salm. pullorum CVCC533 and the cell-free fermentation supernatant of Lact. fermentum 1.2133 had a bactericidal effect on the bacteria in the Salm. pullorum CVCC533 biofilm by significantly reducing the number of Salmonella and aerobic bacteria in the chicken duodenum, ileum, and cecum, including Escherichia shigella (P &lt; 0.05), improved the species abundance of Lactobacilli (P &lt; 0.05). The damage to the chicken intestine by Salm. pullorum CVCC533 was reduced as the expression of avian beta-defensin 2 (AvBD2) mRNA in chicken small intestine was increased (P &lt; 0.05). The results showed that Lact. fermentum 1.2133 had the potential to be a probiotic for poultry due to its regulation of intestinal AvBD2 mRNA as well as its intestinal flora.
Characterisation of ESBL/AmpC-Producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from poultry farms in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Tan Hui-Shee , Yan Pan , Agustie Hollysia Alda , Loh Hwei-San , Rayamajhi Nabin , Fang Chee-Mun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC beta-lactamases (AmpCs)-producing Enterobacteriaceae have been increasingly reported and imposing significant threat to public. Livestock production industry might be the important source for clinically important ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. This study aims to investigate the resistance profile, phenotypic ESBL production, beta-lactamase genes, virulence factors, and plasmid replicon types among 59 Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from poultry faecal samples in Malaysia’s commercial poultry farm. There were 38.7% and 32.3% of Escherichia coli resistant to cefotaxime and cefoxitin, respectively, while Klebsiellaspp. demonstrated resistance rate of 52.6% to both mentioned antimicrobials. Majority of the E. coli isolates carried blaTEM and blaCMY-2 group. blaSHV was the most prevalent gene detected in Klebsiellaspp., followed by blaDHA and blaTEM. Resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporin in our isolates was primarily mediated by plasmid mediated AmpC beta-lactamase such as CMY-2 group and DHA enzyme. The CTX-M genes were found in two ESBL-producing E. coli. IncF, IncI1, and IncN plasmids were most frequently detected in E. coli and Klebsiellaspp. The virulence factor, including EAST1 and pAA were identified at low frequency. This study highlights the poultry as a reservoir of resistance and virulence determinants and prevalence of plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae might drive their dissemination.
In vitro antiviral activity of persimmon-derived tannin against avian influenza viruses
Authors: Fujimoto Yoshikazu , Ijiri Moe , Matsuo Tomohide , Kawaguchi Hiroaki 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Tannins derived from natural plant sources are known to provide many health benefits to humans and animals. Among the various tannins, those derived from persimmon (Diospyros kaki) have exhibited strong inactivating effects against pathogens that induce diseases in humans. However, few studies have focused on the antiviral effects of persimmon tannin against pathogen-induced diseases in animals. In this study, we investigated the antiviral effects of persimmon tannin against various avian influenza viruses revealing that tannin at a concentration of 1.0 mg ml−1 reduced viral infectivity in &gt;6.0-log scale against all tested avian influenza viruses. In addition, this persimmon tannin concentration effectively inhibited the receptor binding and membrane fusion abilities of viral hemagglutinin (HA), which play important roles in avian influenza virus infection. These results suggest that persimmon tannin inactivates the HA of avian influenza viruses and reduces their infectivity. Persimmon tannin is a safer natural substance than the currently used chemical compound related to antiviral substance. When inactivation of the viruses which are present in environmental water such as roosting water of wild birds will be needed, persimmon tannin is expected to become an antiviral resource that may prevent the spread of several avian influenza virus subtypes.
The Faraday Rotation Measure Grid of the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: Data Release 2
Authors: O’Sullivan S P , Shimwell T W , Hardcastle M J , Tasse C , Heald G , Carretti E , Brüggen M , Vacca V , Sobey C , Van Eck C L , Horellou C , Beck R , Bilicki M , Bourke S , Botteon A , Croston J H , Drabent A , Duncan K , Heesen V , Ideguchi S , Kirwan M , Lawlor L , Mingo B , Nikiel-Wroczyński B , Piotrowska J , Scaife A M M , van Weeren R J 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
A Faraday rotation measure (RM) catalogue, or RM Grid, is a valuable resource for the study of cosmic magnetism. Using the second data release (DR2) from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS), we have produced a catalogue of 2461 extragalactic high-precision RM values across 5720 deg2 of sky (corresponding to a polarized source areal number density of ∼0.43 deg−2). The linear polarization and RM properties were derived using RM synthesis from the Stokes Q and U channel images at an angular resolution of 20 arcsec across a frequency range of 120 to 168 MHz with a channel bandwidth of 97.6 kHz. The fraction of total intensity sources (&gt;1 mJy beam−1) found to be polarized was ∼0.2 per cent. The median detection threshold was 0.6 mJy beam−1 (8σQU), with a median RM uncertainty of 0.06 rad m−2 (although a systematic uncertainty of up to 0.3 rad m−2 is possible, after the ionosphere RM correction). The median degree of polarization of the detected sources is 1.8 per cent, with a range of 0.05 per cent to 31 per cent. Comparisons with cm-wavelength RMs indicate minimal amounts of Faraday complexity in the LoTSS detections, making them ideal sources for RM Grid studies. Host galaxy identifications were obtained for 88 per cent of the sources, along with redshifts for 79 per cent (both photometric and spectroscopic), with the median redshift being 0.6. The focus of the current catalogue was on reliability rather than completeness, and we expect future versions of the LoTSS RM Grid to have a higher areal number density. In addition, 25 pulsars were identified, mainly through their high degrees of linear polarization.
Targeted DNA methylation from cell-free DNA using hybridization probe capture
Authors: Buckley David N , Gooden Gerald , Feng Kuan , Enk Jacob , Salhia Bodour 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cell-free (cf)DNA signatures are quickly becoming the target of choice for non-invasive screening, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of human tumors. DNA methylation changes occur early in tumorigenesis and are widespread, making cfDNA methylation an attractive cancer biomarker. Already a proven technology for targeted genome sequencing, hybridization probe capture is emerging as a method for high-throughput targeted methylation profiling suitable to liquid biopsy samples. However, to date there are no reports describing the performance of this approach in terms of reproducibility, scalability, and accuracy. In the current study we performed hybridization probe capture using the myBaits® Custom Methyl-seq kit on 172 plasma samples and standards to evaluate its performance on cfDNA methylation analysis. The myBaits® assay showed high target recovery (&gt;90%), demonstrated excellent reproducibility between captures (R2 = 0.92 on average), and was unaffected by increasing the number of targets in a capture. Finally, myBaits® accurately replicated ‘gold standard’ beta values from WGBS (average R2 = 0.79). The results of this study show that custom targeted methylation sequencing with myBaits® offers a cost-effective, reliable platform to profile DNA methylation at a set of discrete custom regions, with potential applicability to liquid biopsies for cancer monitoring.
Cellular polyploidy in organ homeostasis and regeneration
Authors: Fang Juntao , de Bruin Alain , Villunger Andreas , Schiffelers Raymond , Lei Zhiyong , Sluijter Joost P G 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Polyploid cells, which contain more than one set of chromosome pairs, are very common in nature. Polyploidy can provide cells with several potential benefits over their diploid counterparts, including an increase in cell size, contributing to organ growth and tissue homeostasis and improving cellular robustness via increased tolerance to genomic stress and apoptotic signals. Here, we focus on why polyploidy in the cell occurs and which stress responses and molecular signals trigger cells to become polyploid. Moreover, we discuss its crucial roles in cell growth and tissue regeneration in the heart, liver and other tissues.
Does antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation affect the mode or timing of delivery? Post hoc analyses of the MAVIDOS randomized controlled trial
Authors: Moon Rebecca J , D’Angelo Stefania , Crozier Sarah R , Curtis Elizabeth M , Fernandes Michelle , Kermack Alexandra J , Davies Justin H , Godfrey Keith M , Bishop Nicholas J , Kennedy Stephen H , Prentice Ann , Schoenmakers Inez , Fraser Robert , Gandhi Saurabh V , Inskip Hazel M , Javaid Muhammad Kassim , Papageorghiou Aris T , Cooper Cyrus , Harvey Nicholas C 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Observational studies relating maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D status to timing and mode of delivery have reported inconsistent results. We assessed the effect of antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation on the incidence of preterm birth, delivery mode and post-partum haemorrhage (PPH).

Methods
MAVIDOS was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 1000 IU/day cholecalciferol from 14 weeks’ gestation until delivery. Gestational age, mode of delivery [categorized as spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD), instrumental (including forceps and vacuum extraction) or Caesarean section] and PPH (&gt;500 ml estimated blood loss) were determined from medical records.

Results
A total of 965 women participated in the study until delivery. Gestation at birth and incidence of preterm birth (cholecalciferol 5.7%, placebo 4.5%, P = 0.43) were similar between the two treatment groups. SVD (versus instrumental or Caesarean delivery) was more likely in women randomized to cholecalciferol [Relative Risk (RR) 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02,1.25] due to lower instrumental (RR 0.68, 95%CI 0.51,0.91) but similar risk of Caesarean delivery (RR 0.94, 95%CI 0.74,1.19). PPH was less common in women randomized to cholecalciferol [32.1% compared with placebo (38.1%, P = 0.054) overall], but similar when stratified by delivery mode.

Conclusions
Antenatal cholecalciferol supplementation did not alter timing of birth or prevalence of preterm birth but demonstrated a possible effect on the likelihood of SVD.
Advanced algebraic thinking processes in students’ modelling activities
Authors: Lopes Aldo Peres Campos e 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper presents results of a study aimed at describing and discussing evidence/features of advanced algebraic thinking processes. To achieve these objectives, we analysed the written production of students enrolled in engineering courses working on mathematical modelling tasks related to differential equations. Our guiding question was as follows: how are students’ advanced algebraic thinking processes expressed (or not) in modelling activities that involve differential equations? Additionally, we presented the concept of advanced algebraic thinking as an extension of the (elementary) algebraic thinking notion and as a relevant part of advanced mathematical thinking. We included written records of two models that were produced and used in two classes and concluded that practically all groups showed processes of symbolic representation and representation translation. We also observed that around half of the groups presented suitable algebraic synthetization and development processes to solve the model equation. Another finding was that none of the groups applied generalization processes. Therefore, not all processes involved in advanced algebraic thinking were developed.
Safety and Effectiveness of SA58 Nasal Spray against COVID-19 Infection in Medical Personnel:An Open-label, Blank-controlled Study
Authors: Si Shujie , Jin Canrui , Li Jianping , Cao Yunlong , Kan Biao , Xue Feng , Xie Xiaoliang Sunney , Fang Liang , Zeng Gang , Zhang Shuo , Hu Yaling , Dong Xiaoping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractApproved COVID-19 vaccines to date have limited effectiveness in protecting infection and blocking transmission. A nasal spray of broad-spectrum antibody against COVID-19 (SA58 Nasal Spray) has recently been developed by Sinovac Life Sciences Co., Ltd.. From October 31 to November 30, 2022, an open-label, blank controlled study on the SA58 Nasal Spray against COVID-19 infection was conducted with the medical personnel working in the designated COVID-19 hospitals and Fangcang shelter hospitals (alternate care sites) of COVID-19 cases in Hohhot city, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. A total of 6662 medical personnel were involved in this study: 3368 used SA58 Nasal Spray from the drug group, and 3294 not used from blank control group. The medication was self-administered intranasally 1∼2 times per day with an interval of 6 hours for 30 days.. The safety results indicated that the SA58 Nasal Spray was well tolerant. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was 28.6% (497/1736), and the majority of the AEs were mild and from administrative site. 135 COVID-19 cases were identified for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR during the 30-day observation. The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in the drug group and the control group were 0.026% and 0.116%, respectively. The effectiveness of the SA58 Nasal Spray for preventing COVID-19 infection among medical personnel was evaluated as 77.7% (95% CI: 52.2% - 89.6%). In conclusion, the SA58 Nasal Spray is well-tolerant and highly effective against COVID-19 infection.
Multinational Patterns of Second-line Anti-hyperglycemic Drug Initiation Across Cardiovascular Risk Groups: A Federated Pharmacoepidemiologic Evaluation in LEGEND-T2DM
Authors: Khera Rohan , Dhingra Lovedeep Singh , Aminorroaya Arya , Li Kelly , Zhou Jin J , Arshad Faaizah , Blacketer Clair , Bowring Mary G , Bu Fan , Cook Michael , Dorr David A , Duarte-Salles Talita , DuVall Scott L , Falconer Thomas , French Tina E , Hanchrow Elizabeth E , Horban Scott , Lau Wallis CY , Li Jing , Liu Yuntian , Lu Yuan , Man Kenneth KC , Matheny Michael E , Mathioudakis Nestoras , McLemore Michael F , Minty Evan , Morales Daniel R , Nagy Paul , Nishimura Akihiko , Ostropolets Anna , Pistillo Andrea , Posada Jose D , Pratt Nicole , Reyes Carlen , Ross Joseph , Seager Sarah L , Shah Nigam H , Simon Katherine R , Wan Eric YF , Yang Jianxiao , Yin Can , You Seng Chan , Schuemie Martijn J , Ryan Patrick B , Hripcsak George , Krumholz Harlan M , Suchard Marc A 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo assess the uptake of second-line antihyperglycemic agents among patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving metformin.DesignSerial cross-sectional study (2011-2021).SettingTen US and seven non-US electronic health record and administrative claims databases in the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics network.Participants4.8 million patients with T2DM receiving metformin.Main Outcomes MeasuresCalendar-year trends in the proportional initiation of second-line antihyperglycemic agents, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, and sulfonylureas, for each database. We also evaluated the relative drug class-level uptake across cardiovascular risk groups.ResultsWe identified 4.6 million patients with T2DM in US databases, 61,382 from Spain, 32,442 from Germany, 25,173 from the UK, 13,270 from France, 5,580 from Scotland, 4,614 from Hong Kong, and 2,322 from Australia. During 2011-2021, the combined proportional initiation of cardioprotective antihyperglycemic agents, GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is, increased across all data sources, with the combined initiation of these drugs as second-line agents in 2021 ranging from 35.2% to 68.2% in the US databases, 15.4% in France, 34.7% in Spain, 50.1% in Germany, and 54.8% in Scotland. From 2016 to 2021, in some US and non-US databases, uptake of GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is increased more significantly among populations without cardiovascular disease compared to those with established cardiovascular disease, without any data source providing evidence of a greater increase in their uptake in the populations with cardiovascular disease.ConclusionsDespite the increase in overall uptake of cardioprotective antihyperglycemic agents as second-line treatment for T2DM, their uptake was lower in patients with cardiovascular disease over the last decade. A strategy to ensure medication use concordant with guideline recommendations is essential to improve outcomes of patients with T2DM.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns in Adult Patients Hospitalized for Community-acquired Urinary Tract Infection in Tertiary Hospitals in Chile
Authors: Rojas Luis , Ceron Inés , Araos-Baeriswyl Esteban , Viviani Paola , Olivares Rodrigo , Valenzuela Andrés , Aizman Andrés 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe constant increase of factors associated with the presence of resistant strains makes empirical antibiotic selection a challenge in patients hospitalized for community-acquired urinary tract infection. We characterized the type of bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in cultures obtained from adult patients that needed hospitalization for this disease in two tertiary hospitals in Chile.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in adults hospitalized for community-acquired urinary tract infection between 2017 and 2022. A total of 830 patients were included. All patients with positive cultures were included in the analysis.ResultsEscherichia coli was the most frequent infectious agent (68.1%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (17.7%) and Enterococcus faecalis (6.7%). Among Enterobacteriaceae strains, 35.2%, 19.7% and 27.2% were resistant to first, second and third-generation cephalosporin, respectively. 36.9% were resistant to ciprofloxacin and 1.8% to amikacin. Gram-positive bacteria were resistant to oxacillin and ampicillin in 25% and 18%, respectively.ConclusionWe detected a high prevalence of community-acquired urinary tract infections caused by bacteria resistant to commonly used antibiotics in adult patients that need to be hospitalized. In view of this, we believe that current medical guidelines should be reviewed and updated.