bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stretchable Enzymatic Biofuel Cells Based on Microfluidic Structured Elastomeric Polydimethylsiloxane with Wrinkled Gold Electrodes
Authors: Lee Joonyoung , Kim Ki‐Yoon , Kwon Yongchai , Khang Dahl‐Young 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVarious sensors and electronic devices are recently developed to monitor human health in mechanically flexible or even stretchable forms for intimate contact with non‐flat curvilinear surfaces of the human body. For successful operation of these devices, finding a proper way to electrically power them is very important. In this work, glucose/oxygen fueled enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) based on microfluidic structured elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane substrate with wrinkled gold (Au) electrodes are suggested for power supply. For doing that, firstly, bottom surface of microfluidic channel is covered with buckled Au electrodes for stretchability. By microfluidic design showing capillary imbibition through fluidic channels, loading of catalyts is promoted. Interestingly, buckled Au electrodes induce much better anodic and cathodic reaction rates than those of non‐buckled Au electrodes by 25% and 33%, respectively. This is because surface area and the amount of catalyst loading in electrodes increase by Au wrinkling. In evaluations of EBFCs using the buckled Au electrodes, maximum power density reaches 7.1 ± 0.64 µW cm−2, while they show decent performance of 5.4 ± 0.49 µW cm−2 even under external stretching. Taken together, it is corroborated that such proposed stretchable EBFCs are alternative for providing electrical power in wearable or implantable devices.
Imaging Light‐Induced Migration of Dislocations in Halide Perovskites with 3D Nanoscale Strain Mapping
Authors: Orr Kieran W. P. , Diao Jiecheng , Lintangpradipto Muhammad Naufal , Batey Darren J. , Iqbal Affan N. , Kahmann Simon , Frohna Kyle , Dubajic Milos , Zelewski Szymon J. , Dearle Alice E. , Selby Thomas A. , Li Peng , Doherty Tiarnan A. S. , Hofmann Stephan , Bakr Osman M. , Robinson Ian K. , Stranks Samuel D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, halide perovskite materials have been used to make high‐performance solar cells and light‐emitting devices. However, material defects still limit device performance and stability. Here, synchrotron‐based Bragg coherent diffraction imaging is used to visualize nanoscale strain fields, such as those local to defects, in halide perovskite microcrystals. Significant strain heterogeneity within MAPbBr3 (MA = CH3NH3+) crystals is found in spite of their high optoelectronic quality, and both 〈100〉 and 〈110〉 edge dislocations are identified through analysis of their local strain fields. By imaging these defects and strain fields in situ under continuous illumination, dramatic light‐induced dislocation migration across hundreds of nanometers is uncovered. Further, by selectively studying crystals that are damaged by the X‐ray beam, large dislocation densities and increased nanoscale strains are correlated with material degradation and substantially altered optoelectronic properties assessed using photoluminescence microscopy measurements. These results demonstrate the dynamic nature of extended defects and strain in halide perovskites, which will have important consequences for device performance and operational stability.
Rational Design of a 3D Crown‐Based Material for the Selective Recovery of Silver Ions from Seawater and e‐Waste
Authors: Abdulazeez Ismail , Al‐Hamouz Othman Charles S. , Salhi Billel , Baig Nadeem , Aljundi Isam , Abu‐Zahra Nidal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSilver recovery from sustainable sources such as seawater and e‐waste is critical for the conservation of land‐based resources and the reduction of the environmental impacts of e‐waste disposal. However, the abundance of competing metal ions in seawater and in e‐waste makes the recovery extremely challenging. Thus, to effectively capture silver ions under these conditions, the designing of materials with high selectivity, sufficient binding sites, and low affinity to competing metal ions is vital. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a 3D‐like Schiff‐bridging crown‐based material named AC5, for the selective recovery of Ag+ ions. Through this design, a significant enhancement in the silver ion recovery was achieved with an excellent removal efficiency of up to 99.9%, and a tremendous increase in selectivity of 400 000 – 900 000% when compared to the metal ions (Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+) found in seawater, and the heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, and Pb2+) found in electronic wastes. Density functional theory and molceular dynamics simulations revealed that the structural geometry of AC5 favors high charge transfer, lowered global hardness, and enhanced ion‐dipole attractions toward Ag+ ions, making the material an excellent candidate for the efficient recovery of silver from desalination brine and spent silver resources.
Reusability, Long‐Life Storage and Highly Sensitive Zirconium Nitride (ZrN) Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Substrate Fabricated by Reactive Gas‐Timing Rf Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Sucheewa Nguentra , Wongwiriyapan Winadda , Rattanawarinchai Prapakorn , Wuttikhun Tuksadon , Sinthiptharakoon Kittiphat , Youngjan Saran , Khemthong Pongtanawat , Tumcharern Gamolwan , Lertvanithphol Tossaporn , Limsuwan Nutthamon , Pankiew Apirak , Horprathum Mati , Porntheeraphat Supanit , Yordsri Visittapong , Khemasiri Narathon , Obata Michiko , Fujishige Masatsugu , Takeuchi Kenji , Endo Morinobu , Klamchuen Annop , Nukeaw Jiti 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTransition metal nitrides (TMN) are promising material alternative to replace noble metals in the field of plasmonic applications, especially surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Here we demonstrate a practical surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate using zirconium nitride (ZrN) thin films grown by reactive gas‐timing (RGT) rf magnetron sputtering. The tailored properties of ZrN thin film exploited for SERS activity could be achieved to obtain a highly sensitive ZrN thin film SERS substrate with the enhancement factor (EF) of 1.24 × 106 and 4.8 %RSD at 1626 cm‐1 toward methylene blue (MB) analyte which are comparable to the optimized Au sputtered thin films (EF=1.18 × 106 and with 5.1%RSD). We find that the spatial plasmonic hotspots on the surface of ZrN SERS substrate controlled by the turn‐on timing of Ar:N2 sputtered gas sequence, leading to the discrete conductive surface profile, strongly relates to non‐stoichiometric composition and the degree of (200)‐oriented texture at the surface of ZrN thin film. Furthermore, ZrN thin film SERS substrates exhibit an excellent recyclability more than 30 cycles with simple cleaning process and a storage time longer than 6 months. The detection and reusability of ZrN SERS substrate on the low concentration of trinitrotoluene (TNT) for homeland security are also performed.
Synthesis of 2‐Aminopyridines via Cobalt‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Diynes with N‐Substituted and N‐Unsubstituted Cyanamides
Authors: Sugiyama Yu‐ki , Amo Masaki , Ibe Kouta , Okamoto Sentaro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReactivity of nitriles in a CoCl2−6H2O/dppe/Zn‐catalyzed diyne‐nitrile cycloaddition was explored through the competitive reactions of a diyne with two different nitriles, and it was found that cyanamides are good substrates, and the reaction yielded 2‐aminopyridines. Notably, N‐unsubstituted cyanamide (H2N−CN) could be used for the reaction with 1,6‐diynes to afford the corresponding N‐unsubstituted 2‐aminopyridines, which cannot be prepared via other catalytic reactions and are versatile intermediates for further transformations such as the synthesis of 2‐substituted pyridines and 6,7‐annulated imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines.
Visible‐Light‐Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Annulation‐Aromatization of Amidines with Isoquinolinium N‐Ylides: Access to Imidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines
Authors: Zheng Lvyin , Zou Xiaoying , Yang Xiaojuan , Deng Lei , Guo Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA visible‐light‐catalyzed formal [3+2] annulation‐aromatization reaction for the synthesis of various substituted imidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines from amidines with stabilized isoquinolinium N‐ylides in the presence of bases is developed. The procedure reported here involves a direct C−H activation and the formation of C−C/C−N bonds in one‐pot. The reaction mechanism is probed by radical‐trapping experiment, fluorescence quenching, and light on/off experiments. The late‐stage modification experiments provide the potential applications in the field of organic and medicinal chemistry for chemists.
Construction of Thiadiazole‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks via Facile Linkage Conversion with Superior Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Yang Shuailong , Chen Ziao , Zou Lei , Cao Rong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe establishment of facile synthetic routes to engineer covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with fully conjugated structure and excellent stability is highly desired for practical applications in optoelectronics and photocatalysis. Herein, a novel linkage conversion strategy is reported to prepare crystalline thiadiazole‐linked COFs via thionation, cyclization, and oxidation ofN‐acylhydrazole bonds with Lawesson's reagent (LR). The as‐prepared thiadiazole‐linked COFs not only remain porosity and crystallinity, but enhance its chemical stability. Furthermore, thiadiazole‐linked COFs are more favorable to lower exciton binding energy and promote π‐electron delocalization over the whole reticular framework thanN‐acylhydrazone‐linked COFs. Notably, the extended π‐conjugation structure and decent crystallinity of the resulting TDA‐COF are reflected by its higher photocatalytic H2evolution rate (61.3 mmol g−1in 5 h) in comparison with that (7.5 mmol g−1) of NAH‐COF.
Biomass‐based materials for advanced supercapacitor: principles, progress, and perspectives
Authors: Wang Yaxuan , Xu Ting , Liu Kun , Zhang Meng , Cai Xu‐Min , Si Chuanling 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSupercapacitors exhibit considerable potential as energy storage devices due to their high power density, fast charging and discharging abilities, long cycle life, and eco‐friendliness. With the increasing environmental concerns associated with synthetic compounds, the use of environment friendly biopolymers to replace conventional petroleum‐based materials has been widely studied. Biomass‐based materials are biodegradable, renewable, environment friendly and non‐toxic. The unique hierarchical nanostructure, excellent mechanical properties and hydrophilicity allow them to be used to create functional conductive materials with precisely controlled structures and different properties. In this review, the latest development of biomass‐based supercapacitor materials is reviewed and discussed. This paper describes the physical and chemical properties of various biopolymers and their impact on supercapacitors, as well as the classification and basic principles of supercapacitors. Then, a comprehensive discussion is presented on the utilization of biomass‐based materials in supercapacitors and their recent applications across a range of supercapacitor devices. Finally, an overview of the future prospects and challenges pertaining to the utilization of biomass‐based materials in supercapacitors is provided.
Liquid‐phase selective adsorption of xylene isomers in ultramicroporous carbon spheres
Authors: Chen Shibin , Yang Cuiting , Zhou Xiaoying , Miao Guang , Yu Hao , Xiao Jing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe objective of this work is to investigate adsorption separation of liquid‐phase xylene isomers using ultramicroporous carbon spheres. The synthesized glucose‐based adsorbent (UMC‐xyl) enabled the challenging separation of liquid‐phase p‐xylene/m‐xylene with an adsorption selectivity of 53 as well as p‐xylene uptake of 91mg/g, outperforming a series of commercial adsorbents including the industrial benchmark KBaX. The micropore diffusion model was used to give the best fit to the adsorption kinetics of UMC‐xyl with a rate achieved higher than KBaX. The xylene isomer separation was facilitated by the narrow ultramicropore size distributed at 5.8–6.8 Å in UMC‐xyl via a synergistic kinetic and size‐sieving separation mechanism. Breakthrough experiments confirmed the effectiveness of UMC‐xyl in the dynamic selective separation of p‐xylene from xylene isomers, together with superior multiple‐cycle eluent regenerability under the synergistic effects of the “like‐dissolve‐like” principle and π–π interaction. The work opens a new direction of using porous carbon adsorbents for continuous liquid‐phase separation of challenging hydrocarbon isomers.
Multi‐impeller mixing performance prediction in stirred tanks using mean age theory approach
Authors: Wu Mei , Jurtz Nico , Hohl Lena , Kraume Matthias 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe mixing performance and power consumption for four dual‐impeller configurations in a stirred tank are studied using the mean age theory (MAT) approach, the fully transient techniques (FTT), and experiments. A novel method is developed based on the scaled mean age probability distribution curve, allowing the MAT method to be applied to multi‐impeller systems for the first time. The MAT approach provides three‐dimensional tracer distribution within the vessel, which is confirmed by FTT and experiments. Compared to the experimental data, the predicted mixing time from the MAT approach shows a deviation within 20%. This is a good degree of accuracy compared to FTT and correlations. For steady‐state predicted power numbers, a 20% deviation from the experimental data is observed, while the transient approach exhibits a lower deviation at 10%. However, the computational time can be reduced significantly using the steady‐state MAT approach.
A Quantum Perspective on Oscillation Frequencies in Axion Dark Matter Experiments
Authors: Jaeckel Joerg , Montoya Valentina , Quint Cedric 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the time evolution of signals in axion dark matter experiments is considered from a quantum perspective. The aim is to illuminate the specific case of axion experiments and not to contribute new results to the general discussion of the quantum/classical connection. Classically, one expects a signal oscillating with a frequency equal to the axion mass whose amplitude is slowly rising due to the tiny interaction of the axions with ordinary matter. Quantum mechanically the latter time‐scale arises from the small splitting in the energy levels induced by the interaction between the axions and the experiment. It is always present in suitable, sensitive experiments. Signals that oscillate with the axion mass arise from processes changing the axion number. For certain observables such oscillations are absent for special initial quantum states of the axions. Examples are shown where these special states can be affected by the experiment such that a signal oscillating with the axion mass re‐appears. Suitable correlators that feature an oscillation with the axion mass are discussed, and comments on the connection to the classical treatment are provided. Explicitly, the Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment (CASPEr) is studied, but these findings are expected to be adaptable to other axion dark matter searches.
Solvation‐Mediated Self‐Assembly from Crystals to Helices of Protic Acyclic Carbene AuI‐Enantiomers with Chirality Amplification
Authors: Liu Ying‐Jie , Liu Yu , Zang Shuang‐Quan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConstructing chiral supramolecular assembly and exploring the underlying mechanism are of great significance in promoting the development of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)‐active materials. Herein, we report a solvation‐mediated self‐assembly from single‐crystals to helical nanofibers based on the first protic acyclic (methoxy)(amino)carbenes (pAMACs) AuI‐enantiomers driven by a synergetic aurophilic interactions and H‐bonds. Their aggregation‐dependent thermally activated delayed fluorescence properties with high quantum yields (ΦFL) up to 95 % were proved to be attributed to packing modes of Au⋅⋅⋅Au dimers with π‐stacking or one‐dimensional extended Au⋅⋅⋅Au chains. Via drop‐casting method, supramolecular P‐ or M‐helices were prepared. Detailed studies on the helices demonstrate that formations of extended helical Au⋅⋅⋅Au molecular chains amplify supramolecular chirality, leading to strong CPL with high dissymmetry factor (|glum|=0.030, ΦFL=67 %) and high CPL brightness (BCPL) of 4.87×10−3. Our findings bring new insights into the fabrication of helical structures to improve CPL performance by modifying aurophilic interactions.
Green Approach for the Synthesis of Chalcogenyl‐ 2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran Derivatives Through Allyl‐phenols/ Naphthols and Their Potential as MAO‐B Inhibitors
Authors: Azevedo Amanda R. , Cordeiro Pâmella , Strelow Dianer N. , de Andrade Karine N. , Neto Marcos R. S. , Goetze Fiorot Rodolfo , Brüning César A. , Braga Antonio L. , Lião Luciano M. , Bortolatto Cristiani F. , Neto José S. S. , Nascimento Vanessa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis work presents the design, synthesis, and MAO‐B inhibitor activity of a series of chalcogenyl‐2,3‐dihydrobenzofurans derivatives. Using solvent‐ and metal‐free methodology, a series of chalcogen‐containing dihydrobenzofurans 7–9 was obtained with yields ranging from 40% to 99%, using an I2/DMSO catalytic system. All compounds were fully structurally characterized using 1H and 13C NMR analysis, and the unprecedented compounds were additionally analyzed using high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). In addition, the mechanistic proposal that iodide is the most likely species to act in the transfer of protons along the reaction path was studied through theoretical calculations. Finally, the compounds 7b–e, 8a–e, and 9a showed great promise as inhibitors against MAO‐B activity.
The dynamic role of cohesin in maintaining human genome architecture
Authors: Agarwal Abhishek , Korsak Sevastianos , Choudhury Ashutosh , Plewczynski Dariusz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecent advances in genomic and imaging techniques have revealed the complex manner of organizing billions of base pairs of DNA necessary for maintaining their functionality and ensuring the proper expression of genetic information. The SMC proteins and cohesin complex primarily contribute to forming higher‐order chromatin structures, such as chromosomal territories, compartments, topologically associating domains (TADs) and chromatin loops anchored by CCCTC‐binding factor (CTCF) protein or other genome organizers. Cohesin plays a fundamental role in chromatin organization, gene expression and regulation. This review aims to describe the current understanding of the dynamic nature of the cohesin‐DNA complex and its dependence on cohesin for genome maintenance. We discuss the current 3C technique and numerous bioinformatics pipelines used to comprehend structural genomics and epigenetics focusing on the analysis of Cohesin‐centred interactions. We also incorporate our present comprehension of Loop Extrusion (LE) and insights from stochastic modelling.
Dick van Velzen and the Burnside warehouse organ scandal in Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Wright James R. , Hibbitts William A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDick van Velzen practiced as a pediatric pathologist at Alder Hey Children's Hospital in Liverpool, England from September 1988 until December 1995; he then relocated to the IWK‐Grace Health Centre, a children's and maternity hospital in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, where he practiced until he was fired for cause in January 1998. About a year and a half later, his practice in Liverpool came under increasing scrutiny, with the initial focus on the massive collection of post‐mortem pediatric organs he had accumulated for planned future research on sudden infant death syndrome. Soon, a Parliamentary Inquiry began investigating the full scope of his Liverpool practice. During the Inquiry, another organ‐hoarding scandal erupted; van Velzen, when leaving Halifax after his dismissal, had put his family's personal belongings into a storage facility at Burnside Industrial Park and then did not pay bills. As his belongings were being prepared for auction, formalin‐fixed organs were found, and a Canada‐wide arrest warrant for disrespect for human remains was issued by the Halifax Police. While the Alder Hey scandal resulted in a 535‐page‐long Parliamentary Report and the Human Tissue Act, van Velzen was never charged criminally in the UK. The largely unknown story of his second organ scandal in Halifax, is related here. Although he had obtained the body parts with the consent of the parents of the child to which they had belonged, his failure to properly identify and store them traumatized parents already impacted by his organ‐hoarding in the UK, traumatized additional parents in Halifax, and resulted in significant waste of public resources in investigating the case. He pled guilty to “indignity to a human body” in Canada and was fined and placed on 12 months' probation.
Single Atom Catalysts for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Jun Sang Eon , Lee Jae Kwan , Ryu Sangwoo , Jang Ho Won 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSingle atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted increasing attention in electrocatalysis due to their unprecedented catalytic activity with excellent atomic utilization efficiency derived from unique electronic states and coordination environments. In photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, atomically dispersed metal catalysts anchored to photoelectrodes offer the breakthrough to outperform the conventional thin‐film PEC catalysts by enlarging the catalytic sites and facilitating photogenerated charge carrier kinetics. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of SAC‐incorporated photoelectrodes for efficient PEC water splitting. Firstly, the representative characterization techniques for the identification of SACs and investigations in respect of photogenerated charge carrier kinetics and photon‐to‐current efficiency will be discussed. Then, we will introduce the state‐of‐the‐art PEC‐SACs classified into noble metal, non‐noble metal, and dual metal SACs. Finally, critical outlooks to realize the full potential of SACs in photoelectrocatalysis will be highlighted.
Recent Progress in Polymer Waste‐Derived Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Song , Dou Jiali , Holze Rudolf , Zhang Tingting , Ye Lin , Duan Lin , Xue Jia , Li Sanxi , Chen Xuecheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDue to the high power density, fast charging speed, and long cycling stability, supercapacitors have been developed rapidly in the area of electrical energy storage devices in the past decades. During the application of supercapacitors, it was found that the properties of the electrode material can greatly affect the supercapacitor performance. Recently, electrode materials based on polymer waste‐derived carbon materials (PWCM) have attracted much attention because of the low preparation cost, good electrode performance, and great benefits for environmental protection. This review aims to describe the recent research development and summarize the investigation state in the field of the PWCM electrodes prepared from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, etc. The preparation method and the electrode performance of the PWCM electrodes are compared. The relationship among the preparation methods, material structure, and electrochemical performance of the PWCM electrodes was explored. Furthermore, the prospects for the application of the PWCMs were provided.