bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Look at Performance and Scalability of the GPU Accelerated Sparse Linear System Solver Spliss
Authors: Mohnke Jasmin , Wagner Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA significant part in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations is the solving of large sparse systems of linear equations resulting from implicit time integration of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. The sparse linear system solver Spliss aims to provide a linear solver library that, on the one hand, is tailored to these requirements of CFD applications but, on the other hand, independent of the particular CFD solver. Spliss allows leveraging a range of available HPC technologies such as hybrid CPU parallelization and the possibility to offload the computationally intensive linear solver to GPU accelerators, while at the same time hiding this complexity from the CFD solver.This work highlights the steps taken to establish multi-GPU capabilities for the Spliss solver allowing for efficient and scalable usage of large GPU systems. In addition, this work evaluates performance and scalability on CPU and GPU systems using a representative CODA test case as an example. CODA is the CFD software being developed as part of a collaboration between the French Aerospace Lab ONERA, the German Aerospace Center (DLR), Airbus, and their European research partners. CODA is jointly owned by ONERA, DLR and Airbus. The evaluation examines and compares performance and scalability in a strong scaling approach on Nvidia A100 GPUs and the AMD Rome architecture.
Legal Knowledge Representation Learning
Authors: Xiao Chaojun , Liu Zhiyuan , Lin Yankai , Sun Maosong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe law guarantees the regular functioning of the nation and society. In recent years, legal artificial intelligence (legal AI), which aims to apply artificial intelligence techniques to perform legal tasks, has received significant attention. Legal AI can provide a handy reference and convenient legal services for legal professionals and non-specialists, thus benefiting real-world legal practice. Different from general open-domain tasks, legal tasks have a high demand for understanding and applying expert knowledge. Therefore, enhancing models with various legal knowledge is a key issue of legal AI. In this chapter, we summarize the existing knowledge-intensive legal AI approaches regarding knowledge representation, acquisition, and application. Besides, future directions and ethical considerations are also discussed to promote the development of legal AI.
Cross-Modal Representation Learning
Authors: Yao Yuan , Liu Zhiyuan , Lin Yankai , Sun Maosong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCross-modal representation learning is an essential part of representation learning, which aims to learn semantic representations for different modalities including text, audio, image and video, etc., and their connections. In this chapter, we introduce the development of cross-modal representation learning from shallow to deep, and from respective to unified in terms of model architectures and learning mechanisms for different modalities and tasks. After that, we review how cross-modal capabilities can contribute to complex real-world applications.
Robust Representation Learning
Authors: Cui Ganqu , Liu Zhiyuan , Lin Yankai , Sun Maosong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRepresentation learning models, especially pre-trained models, help NLP systems achieve superior performances on multiple standard benchmarks. However, real-world environments are complicated and volatile, which makes it necessary for representation learning models to be robust. This chapter identifies different robustness needs and characterizes important robustness problems in NLP representation learning, including backdoor robustness, adversarial robustness, out-of-distribution robustness, and interpretability. We also discuss current solutions and future directions for each problem.
c-functions in higher-derivative flows across dimensions
Authors: Deddo Evan , Liu James T. , Pando Zayas Leopoldo A. , Saskowski Robert J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the context of gravitational theories describing renormalization group flows across dimensions via AdS/CFT, we study the role of higher-derivative corrections to Einstein gravity. We use the Null Energy Condition to derive monotonicity properties of candidate holographic central charges formed by combinations of metric functions. We also implement an entropic approach to the characterization of the four-derivative flows using the Jacobson-Myers functional and demonstrate, under reasonable conditions, monotonicity of certain terms in the entanglement entropy via the appropriate generalization of the Ryu-Takayanagi prescription. In particular, we show that any flow from a higher dimensional theory to a holographic CFT2 satisfies a type of monotonicity. We also uncover direct relations between NEC-motivated and entropic central charges.
Aktualität der grundlegenden und determinierenden Bedeutung der chronisch-kritischen Extremitätenischämie sowie ihrer sich reetablierenden Behandlung mittels kruraler/pedaler Bypässe in Deutschland und in Sachsen-Anhalt
Authors: Barth Udo , Lehmann M. , Meyer F. , Halloul Z. 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Aktuell ist eine Zunahme der schweren Stadien der peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit (pAVK) mit kritischer Ischämie zu verzeichnen. Dies scheint sowohl dem allgemeinen demographischen Wandel zu entsprechen als auch eine Folge der SARS-CoV-2(„severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2“)-Pandemie der letzten 3 Jahre zu sein. Das mittlerweile etablierte und akzeptierte interventionelle/endovaskuläre Vorgehen bei einer schweren Unterschenkel-pAVK in erfahrener Hand gilt nach wie vor als „First-line“-Therapie, jedoch erlebt aus eigener Sicht der krurale/pedale Venenbypass eine Renaissance.

Material und Methoden
Kompakte narrative Übersicht über den aktuellen Stand der kruralen/pedalen Bypasschirurgie in Deutschland und Sachsen-Anhalt (SA), kombiniert mit selektiven Referenzen der aktuellen wissenschaftlich-medizinischen Literatur und eigenen klinischen Erfahrungen.

Ergebnisse
Eine aktuelle Statistik der fallbezogenen DRG(„diagnosis related groups“)-Daten zeigt, dass insbesondere mit Auftreten der Corona-Pandemie ein Rückgang der stationären Fallzahlen von Patienten mit einem pAVK-Stadium IIB bundesweit und ebenfalls im Bundesland SA zu verzeichnen ist. Die schweren pAVK-Stadien blieben in den Fallzahlen annähernd gleich, in SA jedoch zunehmend. Die WIFI-Klassifikation bietet die Möglichkeit, über ein Punktesystem Aussagen über das Amputationsrisiko, Nutzen und Art der Revaskularisationsmaßnahme erstellen zu können. Verschlusslänge, Verschlusslokalisation der betroffenen Gefäße und Verkalkungsgrad finden Berücksichtigung im Global-Limb-Anatomic-Staging-System (GLASS) zur Beurteilung der Prognose. Die Auswertung der Fallpauschalenbezogenen Krankenhausstatistik von 2015 bis 2020 ergab eine konstante Anwendung der femorokruralen/-pedalen Bypasschirurgie in Deutschland sowie eine leichte Zunahme der Rekonstruktion mittels femorokruraler Bypässe in SA, die mit dem tendenziellen Fallzahlenanstieg der schweren pAVK zu korrelieren scheint.

Schlussfolgerung
Zur Indikationsstellung für die Anlage eines kruralen/pedalen Bypasses sollte die parameterbasierte Objektivierung des Schweregrades der kritischen Extremitätenischämie mit einbezogen werden. Dafür eignen sich die WIFI-Klassifikation und GLASS, da hier auch eine relative Erfolgsprognose möglich ist. Die Behandlung der kritischen Extremitätenischämie mittels kruraler/pedaler Bypasschirurgie findet in Deutschland und SA nach wie vor eine konstante Anwendung.
The ALR‐RSI score can be used to evaluate psychological readiness to return to sport after acute Achilles tendon tear
Authors: Shitrit E. , Valentin E. , Baudrier N. , Bohu Y. , Rauline G. , Lopes R. , Bauer T. , Hardy A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeThe return to sport is one of the main goals following Achilles tendon tear repair. Several psychological factors influence the return to sport after a sports injury. The traditional tools to assess the return to sport do not take into account psychological factors. The ankle ligament reconstruction‐return to sport injury (ALR‐RSI), validated for ankle instability, is a score to evaluate psychological readiness to return to sport. The goal of this study was to validate the ALR‐RSI score for the assessment of the readiness to return to sport after Achilles tendon repair.MethodsThe ALR‐RSI score, adapted from the anterior cruciate ligament‐return to sport injury (ACL‐RSI) score used following knee ligament reconstruction, was validated according to the international COSMIN methodology. Patients operated for Achilles tendon repair responded to the questionnaire during the rehabilitation period. The EFAS, FAAM and VISA‐A scores were used as reference questionnaires.ResultsA total of 50 patients were included. The ALR‐RSI score was strongly (r > 0.5) correlated to the EFAS score: r = 0.68 [0.50–0.80] the FAMM sport score: r = 0.7 [0.52–0.84] the FAAM AVQ score (r = 0.6 [0.35–0.78]), and the VISA‐A score (r = 0.54 [0.26–0.76]). The discriminant validity was good with the ALR‐RSI, which was significantly lower in the patients that did not return to sport: 60.7 (40–81.4) compared to those that did: 83.2 (64.3–100) p = 0.001. Reproducibility was excellent with an intra‐class correlation coefficient ρ of 0.99 [097–1.00]. The internal consistency was excellent (alpha coefficient = 0.95).ConclusionThe ALR‐RSI score provides a valid, reproducible assessment of the psychological readiness to return to sport in patients who undergo surgical Achilles tendon suture repair.Level of evidenceIII.
Pylorus ligation-induced hyperacidity: synergistic prophylactic effects of linagliptin and L-arginine via up-regulation of EP4 receptor subtype and improvement of vascular endothelial damage
Authors: Asaad Gihan F. , Saleh Dalia O. , Mostafa Rasha E. , Hassan Azza , Jaleel Gehad Abdel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGastric hyperacidity and ulceration are chronic diseases characterized by repeated healing followed by re-exacerbation. The study aims to protect against gastric hyperacidity without interfering with gastric acid secretion. Pylorus ligation–induced hyperacidity is commonly utilized in the induction of gastric ulcers.Forty-two rats were distributed into seven groups (n = 6). Group I comprised sham-operated group. Group II served as pylorus-ligation group. Groups III–VII were given oral Linagliptin (LN; 3 and 6 mg/kg), L-arginine (LA; 150 and 300 mg/kg) and their combination (LN 3 + LA 150 mg/kg), respectively for 7 days. On the 8th day, groups II–VII were subjected to pylorus-ligation.Treatment of pylorus-ligated rats with LN, LA and their combination improved the gastric hyperacidity as exhibited by a marked reduction in the gastric juice volume, total and free acidities and pepsin contents with a noticeable increase in pH. Pre-treatment with LN, LA and their combination showed a marked alleviation in the gastric inflammatory indicators evidenced by reduction in the gastric levels of MCP-1and Il-1β as well as elevation of eNOS levels versus the sham-operated group. A marked up-regulation in the gastric gene expression of PGE, EP4 and VEGF accompanied by an improvement of the histopathologic pictures/scores, and TNF-α and caspase-3 immuno-staining were also recorded.By estimating the combination-index, it can be concluded that combining LN with LA exhibited prophylactic synergistic effects in ameliorating pylorus ligated-induced hyperacidity, mainly via up-regulation of EP4 receptor and improvement of vascular endothelial damage through VEGF expression in gastric mucosa.
In-house validation of an LC–MS method for the multiplexed quantitative determination of total allergenic food in chocolate
Authors: Pilolli Rosa , Lamonaca Antonella , Nitride Chiara , De Angelis Elisabetta , van Poucke Christof , Gillard Nathalie , Huet Anne-Catherine , De Loose Marc , Henrottin Jean , Mills E. C. N. , Monaci Linda 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMass spectrometry has been widely accepted as a confirmatory tool for the sensitive detection of undeclared presence of allergenic ingredients. Multiple methods have been developed so far, achieving different levels of sensitivity and robustness, still lacking harmonization of the analytical validation and impairing comparability of results. In this investigation, a quantitative method has been validated in-house for the determination of six allergenic ingredients (cow’s milk, hen’s egg, peanut, soybean, hazelnut, and almond) in a chocolate-based matrix. The latter has been produced in a food pilot plant to provide a real and well-characterized matrix for proper assessment of method performance characteristics according to official guidelines. In particular, recent considerations issued by the European Committee for Standardization have been followed to guide a rigorous single-laboratory validation and to feature the main method performance, such as selectivity, linearity, and sensitivity. Synthetic surrogates of the peptide markers have been used both in native and labelled forms in matrix-matched calibration curves as external calibrants and internal standards, respectively. A two-order of magnitude range was investigated, focusing on the low concentration range for proper assessment of the detection and quantification limits (LOD and LOQ) by rigorous calibration approach. Conversion factors for all six allergenic ingredients have been determined for the first time to report the final quantitative information as fraction of total allergenic food protein (TAFP) per mass of food (µgTAFP/gfood), since such a reporting unit is exploitable in allergenic risk assessment plans. The method achieved good sensitivity with LOD values ranging between 0.08 and 0.2 µgTAFP/gfood, for all ingredients besides egg and soybean, whose quantitative markers reported a slightly higher limit (1.1 and 1.2 µgTAFP/gfood, respectively). Different samples of chocolate bar incurred at four defined concentration levels close to the currently available threshold doses have been analyzed to test the quantitative performance of the analytical method, with a proper estimate of the measurement uncertainty from different sources of variability. The sensitivity achieved resulted in compliance with the various threshold doses issued or recommended worldwide.
Treatment of retracted, postsurgical scars and reduction of locoregional edema using a combined three-dimensional approach of liposuction lipofilling, dissecting cannulas, and suspension sutures
Authors: Will P A , Berner J E , Hirche Christoph , Klevansky Donna , Ziegler Benjamin , Kneser Ulrich , Gazyakan Emre , Vidal Pedro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background

Post-surgical abdominal and inguinal scars are a frequent challenge in plastic surgery. There are limited non-invasive alternatives to address depressed and retracted scars. The associated retraction and fibrosis might cause lymphatic dysfunction with subsequent regional edema. The authors describe a combined surgical approach of liposuction, the use of dissecting cannulas, lipofilling, and Scarpa’s fascia suspension sutures in a prospective case series.

Methods
The proposed procedure was performed in 22 consecutive patients between November 2012 and May 2015. Complications were assessed according to the Clavien-Dindo scale. Postoperative psychosocial, edema reduction, and patient satisfaction outcomes were gathered and analyzed based on blinded questionaries (Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale and a Cosmetic Procedures Screening Questionnaire (COPS)).

Results
At 6 months, no major complications and 27.2% minor complications (Clavien-Dindo 1) were recorded. Four patients had superficial infections that settled with oral antibiotics and two patients developed a seroma. A significant improvement in self-esteem, aesthetic satisfaction, and social competence was found postoperatively in all patients. The novel technique reduced regional edema and scar-related self-consciousness. Patient satisfaction was rated very high, and all patients would recommend this surgery for abdominal or inguinal retracted scars.

Conclusions
This study shows that the proposed technique is a safe minimally invasive alternative for the treatment of abdominal and inguinal retracted scars. The relatively high rate of minor complications is mainly due to the strict definition of the scale used. The results showed an improvement of local edema and high patient satisfaction.
Level of evidence: Level IV, therapeutic
Higher frequency but similar recurrence rate of uveitis episodes in axial spondylarthritis compared to psoriatic arthritis. A multicentre retrospective study
Authors: Kougkas Nikolaos , Magiouf Konstantina , Gialouri Chrysoula G. , Evangelatos Gerasimos , Pappa Maria , Dimouli Aikaterini , Iliopoulos Alexios , Karmanakos Anastasios , Dimitroulas Theodoros , Tektonidou Maria G. , Sfikakis Petros P. , Fragoulis George E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background/Objective
Data on risk factors predicting uveitis development in spondyloarthritis (SpA) is scarce. Our aim was to examine associations between demographic, clinical and/or laboratory characteristics of SpA with the occurrence and the course of uveitis, including ocular damage and recurrence rate.

Methods
Characteristics (at disease diagnosis and ever-present) from axSpA and Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients followed in 3 tertiary rheumatology-clinics were retrospectively recorded. Comparisons were made between patients with and without uveitis, as well as between those with uveitis-rate [episodes/year] above the median uveitis-rate in the whole cohort (“recurrent”-uveitis) and the remaining uveitis patients (“non-recurrent uveitis”). In multivariable models, age, gender and variables significantly different in univariate analyses were included.

Results
264 axSpA and 369 PsA patients were enrolled. In axSpA, uveitis occurred in 11.7% and was associated with HLA-B27 (OR = 4.15, 95%CI 1.16–14.80, p = 0.028) and ever-present peripheral arthritis (OR = 3.05 (1.10–8.41, p = 0.031). In contrast, uveitis in PsA occurred only in 2.7% of patients and was associated with SpA family-history (OR = 6.35 (1.29–31.27), p = 0.023) axial disease at diagnosis (OR = 5.61 [1.01–28.69], p = 0.038) and disease duration (OR = 1.12 [1.04–1.21], p = 0.004). Median uveitis recurrence rate was comparable between axSpA and PsA (0.205 and 0.285 episodes/year, respectively). No associations were found between recurrent uveitis and demographic/clinical/laboratory characteristics. Ocular damage (e.g. synechiae) was seen in 16.1% of axSpA and 30% of PsA patients, all of them with recurrent uveitis.

Conclusion
Uveitis occurred more commonly in axSpA than in PsA patients, while uveitis recurrence rate was similar. Permanent ocular damage may occur more often in PsA than axSpA.
How often do awake craniotomies in children and adolescents lead to panic and worry?
Authors: O’Leary K. Daniel , Philippopoulos Anastasia J. , Koslofsky Alexis , Ahmed Yashna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Awake craniotomy (AC) is the treatment of choice for the resection of brain tumors within eloquent brain regions for adults, but not much is known about its psychological impact on children and adolescents. Patient immaturity and difficulty in cooperating during surgery could result in psychological sequelae postoperatively, such as anxiety, panic, and worry.

Methods
In this review, we examined eight studies assessing AC performed on patients under 18 years of age (N = 85), noting exclusion criteria, interventions used, and psychological assessments implemented.

Results
Initial assessments of cognitive functioning and maturity were conducted primarily to determine patient eligibility for AC instead of an age restriction. No standardized interventions were used to minimize anxiety associated with AC. Interventions ranged from almost nothing specified to exposure to videos of the operating room, hypnosis, repeated meetings with psychologists and speech therapists, extensive meetings with the surgery team, and thorough exposure to the operating room theater. With a few exceptions, there were no standardized pre- and post-AC assessments of psychological sequelae. Qualitative evaluations indicated that most children and adolescents tolerated AC well, but one study indicated detrimental effects on school attendance postoperatively.

Conclusion
Given that most AC teams have a psychologist, it seems desirable to have pre- and post-AC psychological assessments using standardized measures of anxiety, trauma, and worry, as well as measures tailored to AC, such as time to return to school, worry about MRIs following surgery, and self-assessment of post-surgery functioning. In short, comprehensive psychological assessment of AC patients is clearly needed.
Sensory neuropathy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review
Authors: Bombaci Alessandro , Lupica Antonino , Pozzi Federico Emanuele , Remoli Giulia , Manera Umberto , Di Stefano Vincenzo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motoneurons, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. Recent evidence suggests that ALS is indeed a multisystem disorder, associated with cognitive impairment, dysautonomia, pain and fatigue, excess of secretions, and sensory symptoms. To evaluate whether sensory neuropathy could broaden its spectrum, we systematically reviewed its presence and characteristics in ALS, extracting data on epidemiological, clinical, neurophysiological, neuropathological, and genetic features. Sensory neuropathy can be found in up to 20% of ALS patients, affecting both large and small fibers, although there is a great heterogeneity related to different techniques used for its detection (electromyography vs skin biopsy vs nerve biopsy). Moreover, the association between CIDP-like neuropathy and ALS needs to be better explored, although it could be interpreted as part of the neuroinflammatory process in the latter disease. Sensory neuropathy in ALS may be associated with a spinal onset and might be more frequent in SOD1 patients. Moreover, it seems mutually exclusive with cognitive impairment. No associations with sex and other genetic mutation were observed. All these data in the literature reveal the importance of actively looking for sensory neuropathy in ALS patients, and suggest including sensory neuropathy among ALS non-motor features, as it may explain sensory symptoms frequently reported throughout the course of the disease. Its early identification could help avoid diagnostic delays and improve patients’ treatment and quality of life.