bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Modular Hardware Design of an Intelligent Distributed Feeder Terminal Unit
Authors: Gao Yuan , Hu Yuanyuan , Wang Yonggui , Xing Yulong , Huang Luchao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The development of a new power system is proposing new requirements for the function of the feeder terminal unit (FTU), which is the core equipment of the distribution automation system. At the same time, the improvement of FTU intelligence brings a new solution to the problem of line loss calculation. Aiming at the problems of complex structure and low measurement accuracy of current FTU, a hardware scheme combining ADC sampling chip and high-performance MCU is proposed in this paper to realize the integrated application of energy measurement function. Moreover, it is equipped with a line loss calculation module to achieve high precision line loss calculation when the metering chip cannot meet the precision requirements. At the same time, the modular design effectively improves the operation reliability and function expansion of the terminal.
Wave Energy Output Power Design Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Shen Yi , Wu Yihang , Zhi Weimei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In recent years, with the excessive use of non-renewable energy sources, energy shortage has become a major problem for countries around the world, and the development of marine renewable energy has become urgent. As an important renewable energy source in the future, wave energy is one of our important research objects. This paper completes the design of the maximum wave energy output power and establishes the motion model of the float and the oscillator and the optimization model of the maximum average output power in the wave energy devices. This work helps people use wave energy reasonably and provides theoretical support for designing a new generation of wave energy equipment. In this paper, the motions of the float and oscillator in this wave energy device are modeled by Newton’s theorem and Lagrange’s equation, and then the displacement and velocity of the float and oscillator under the pendulum motion at different moments are solved by using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The maximum average output power of the PTO system is solved by building an optimization model with a constant damping coefficient and a non-damping coefficient, followed by the traversal method and genetic algorithm.
Conditional GAN Empowered Channel Estimation and Pilot Design for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces assisted Symbiotic Radio System
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Cao Kaitian , Cai Lianning , Feng Yu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) has been proven to be a promising technology to improve the performance of symbiotic radio (SR) systems. To take full advantage of RIS-assisted communications, it is crucial to obtain accurate channel state information for high-gain beamforming. However, the statistical distribution of the cascaded channels in a RIS-assisted SR system is complex, which gives rise to a huge challenge for channel estimation tasks. To address this issue, we propose a joint optimization method of channel estimation for the RIS-assisted SR system with pilot design based on deep learning (JPCGAN) in this paper. The proposed scheme uses a fully connected network for pilot design and develops a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) to predict the true channels. cGAN is especially helpful in trainning the network model properly and enhance the system’s robustness with an adaptive loss function. It can be obtained by simulation that compared with current methods, the JPCGAN scheme proposed in this paper can significantly improve the accuracy of channel estimation under low signal-to-noise radios.
Signal recognition of a Fiber Bragg grating-based orbit monitoring system based on the convolutional neural network
Authors: Pan Jinjun , Hu Linfeng , Xiong Yihao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In order to adapt to the diversification of train and railway technology by combining the needs of rail transit and the advantages of a grating array fiber sensing system, this paper discusses an intelligent rail transit safety monitoring system based on grating array fiber. The vibration signal sensing system based on grating array fiber can accurately locate the time and place of vibration occurrence in real time by analyzing the train vibration signal obtained by the sensing system. The possible abnormal conditions and safety risks of the train or track can be judged. At the same time, in view of the problems of low processing efficiency, low accuracy, and high possibility of omission caused by resolving and processing vibration signals only by human resources or a single feature extraction technology, this paper introduces a data analysis and processing method in a deep learning framework to analyze the collected signal directly. Deep learning is conducted through the convolutional neural network to distinguish the normal vehicle crossing data from the abnormal data, and then the abnormal data are analyzed separately. The exception category is used according to the exception data upper opportunity.
Intelligent identification of radar active jamming type based on multi-domain information fusion
Authors: Cao Fei , Gao Zejun , He Chuan , Feng Xiaowei , Xu Jianfeng , Xue Chunling , Qin Jianqiang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Feature fusion is beneficial to improving the recognition rate of radar active jamming types, which usually costs a lot of computation and network complexity, however. Contrapose the disadvantage of low computational power and resource allocation of missile-borne radar, this paper introduces data enhancement theory into the feature fusion method and proposes an intelligent identification model of radar active jamming type based on multi-domain information fusion. The model first analyzes the time-frequency domain features of the signal and one-dimensional features such as its real part, imaginary part, frequency spectrum, and power spectrum, and then uses the Cutout&Patchup algorithm to fuse the one-dimensional and two-dimensional features into a new multi-domain information fusion matrix as the input of the recognition network. The simulation results show that this method greatly improves the recognition accuracy of active jamming types. Under the WideResNet28_2 classifier, the classification accuracy of active interference type reaches 88.06%, which is 0.79% higher than that before fusion.
Relay Protection Setting Calculation of Power Transformer Based on ETAP
Authors: Wei Jinguo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The conventional relay protection setting calculation method considers the internal interference of the transformer and obtains the setting value quickly, which leads to large harmonic interference of the transformer and affects the secondary setting calculation results. Therefore, the setting calculation method of the power transformer relay protection based on the Electrical Transient Analysis Program (ETAP) is designed. The harmonic transfer characteristics of the power transformer are extracted, and the harmonic interference of the power transformer is proposed. Then the ETAP software is adopted to establish the calculation principle of the power transformer relay protection setting and improve the calculation accuracy of the secondary setting. Through comparative experiments, it is verified that the second fixed value of the algorithm is close to the actual fixed value and can be applied to real life.
Economics and optics influence funding for ecological restoration in a nation-wide program
Authors: Engert Jayden E , Laurance Susan G W 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Australia is a world leader in habitat loss and species extinction, and for many species, ecological restoration will be necessary for continued persistence. Between 2014 and 2018, the Australian federal government allocated a substantial portion of funding for threatened species recovery to a nation-wide ecological restoration program called ‘20 Million Trees Land-care Program’, which included a competitive grant round. By comparing successful and unsuccessful grant applications, we were able to identify factors associated with restoration funding allocation. We then assessed the Program’s ability to provide benefits to threatened species by analyzing the overlap between restoration projects and threatened species habitat. We found that funding allocation under the 20 Million Trees Program was primarily driven by ‘value for money’ factors, specifically ‘cost per tree’ and number of trees planted. Additionally, projects were more likely to be funded if they mentioned threatened species in the description, but less likely to be funded if they actually overlapped with areas of high threatened species richness. Of the 1960 threatened species assessed, we found that only 9 received funding for restoration projects covering more than 1% of their range. Conversely, we found that utilizing alternative project selection schemes, such as alternative ‘value for money’ metrics or spatial planning methods, could have delivered better outcomes for some of the threatened species most impacted by habitat loss. Our results show that inopportune selection criteria for awarding of funding for ecological restoration can significantly reduce the benefits delivered by programs.
Ag, Au and ZrO2@reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites; Pd free catalysis of suzuki-miyaura coupling reactions
Authors: Ameen Iqra , Iqbal Sadia , Hussain Murid , Alothman Asma A , Algahtani Huda A , Mushab Mohammed Sheikh Saleh , Iqbal Amjad , Perveen Shehla , Musaddiq Sara 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Suzuki coupling is a widely used, well-studied and versatile method in synthetic chemistry for development of C–C bonds where palladium-based catalysts have been used extensively in the reaction to date. We report a Suzuki-cross-coupling reaction for C–C bonds formation between aryl halides and phenylboronic acid by using Metal/metal oxide@Reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites being efficient, simple and cost-effective. In this work, plant mediated synthesis of silver, gold and zirconia nanoparticles doped Reduced Graphene Oxide nanocomposites is reported where 30 mg of each of the catalysts resulted in C-C bond formation achieving percentage yield comparable to palladium-based catalyst used as standard in series of reactions, attaining highest yield with silver based catalyst. The catalysts demonstrated high catalytic activity over three cycles of recycling with no loss. Bromoaryl and phenylboronic acid are coupled together by the increased surface area of the reduced graphene oxide substrate, which also exhibits enhanced reactivity toward other chemical reactions. XRD, FTIR and UV–vis analyses were used to describe the synthesized catalyst. Using the devised technique, various substituted aryl halides have been used successfully with modest to high yields of the desired biphenyls.
177Lu SPECT imaging in the presence of 90Y: does 90Y degrade image quantification? a simulation study
Authors: Miller Cassandra , Uribe Carlos , Hou Xinchi , Rahmim Arman , Celler Anna 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This work aims to investigate the accuracy of quantitative SPECT imaging of 177Lu in the presence of 90Y, which occurs in dual-isotope radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) involving both isotopes. We used the GATE Monte Carlo simulation toolkit to conduct a phantom study, simulating spheres filled with 177Lu and 90Y placed in a cylindrical water phantom that was also filled with activity of both radionuclides. We simulated multiple phantom configurations and activity combinations by varying the location of the spheres, the concentrations of 177Lu and 90Y in the spheres, and the amount of background activity. We investigated two different scatter window widths to be used with triple energy window (TEW) scatter correction. We also created multiple realizations of each configuration to improve our assessment, leading to a total of 540 simulations. Each configuration was imaged using a simulated Siemens SPECT camera. The projections were reconstructed using the standard 3D OSEM algorithm, and errors associated with 177Lu activity quantification and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) were determined. In all configurations, the quantification error was within ± 6% of the no-90Y case, and we found that quantitative accuracy may slightly improve when 90Y is present because of reduction of errors associated with TEW scatter correction. The CNRs were not significantly impacted by the presence of 90Y, but they were increased when a wider scatter window width was used for TEW scatter correction. The width of the scatter windows made a small but statistically significant difference of 1%–2% on the recovered 177Lu activity. Based on these results, we can conclude that activity quantification of 177Lu and lesion detectability is not degraded by the presence of 90Y.
One-dimensional pseudoharmonic oscillator: classical remarks and quantum-information theory
Authors: Olendski O 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Motion along semi-infinite straight line in a potential that is a combination of positive quadratic and inverse quadratic functions of the position is considered with the emphasis on the analysis of its quantum-information properties. Classical measure of symmetry of the potential is proposed and its dependence on the particle energy and the factor

a

describing a relative strength of its constituents is described; in particular, it is shown that a variation of the parameter

a

alters the shape from the half-harmonic oscillator (HHO) at

a
=
0

to the perfectly symmetric one of the double frequency oscillator (DFO) in the limit of huge

a

. Quantum consideration focuses on the analysis of information-theoretical measures, such as standard deviations, Shannon, Rényi and Tsallis entropies together with Fisher information, Onicescu energy and non–Gaussianity. For doing this, among others, a method of calculating momentum waveforms is proposed that results in their analytic expressions in form of the confluent hypergeometric functions. Increasing parameter

a

modifies the measures in such a way that they gradually transform into those corresponding to the DFO what, in particular, means that the lowest orbital saturates Heisenberg, Shannon, Rényi and Tsallis uncertainty relations with the corresponding position and momentum non–Gaussianities turning to zero. A simple expression is derived of the orbital-independent lower threshold of the semi-infinite range of the dimensionless Rényi/Tsallis coefficient where momentum components of these one-parameter entropies exist which shows that it varies between 1/4 at HHO and zero when

a

tends to infinity. Physical interpretation of obtained mathematical results is provided.
Electrodes with metal-based electrocatalysts for redox flow batteries in a wide pH range
Authors: Huang Yingjia , Li Liangyu , Xiong Lihui , Cao Jinchao , Zhong Fangfang , Wang Xiaoqi , Ding Mei , Jia Chuankun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) with decoupling energy and power, high safety, long durability and easy scalability have been considered as giant promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems. As a key component of RFBs, the electrodes provide active sites for the conversion between electrical and chemical energies. Thus, the electrochemical properties of both the positive and negative electrodes are significantly important to the performance of batteries, especially the energy efficiency and the power. Therefore, improving the electrochemical performance of electrodes by effective modifications is essential for the advancements of RFBs. With high conductivity, high activity and stability, metal-based electrocatalysts have been widely used to modify and increase the electrochemical activities of electrodes in RFBs. This review summarizes and discusses the applications of metal-based electrocatalysts modified carbon-based electrodes of RFBs in a wide pH range (the acidic, alkaline and neutral electrolytes), including the characterizations of physicochemical and electrochemical properties of electrodes, the cell performance, the merits, and limitations.
Towards automatic setup of 18 MeV electron beamline using machine learning
Authors: Velotti Francesco Maria , Goddard Brennan , Kain Verena , Ramjiawan Rebecca , Zevi Della Porta Giovanni , Hirlaender Simon 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
To improve the performance-critical stability and brightness of the electron bunch at injection into the proton-driven plasma wakefield at the AWAKE CERN experiment, automation approaches based on unsupervised machine learning (ML) were developed and deployed. Numerical optimisers were tested together with different model-free reinforcement learning (RL) agents. In order to avoid any bias, RL agents have been trained also using a completely unsupervised state encoding using auto-encoders. To aid hyper-parameter selection, a full synthetic model of the beamline was constructed using a variational auto-encoder trained to generate surrogate data from equipment settings. This paper describes the novel approaches based on deep learning and RL to aid the automatic setup of a low energy line, as the one used to deliver beam to the AWAKE facility. The results obtained with the different ML approaches, including automatic unsupervised feature extraction from images using computer vision are presented. The prospects for operational deployment and wider applicability are discussed.
Solid-state electrolytes for safe rechargeable lithium metal batteries: a strategic view
Authors: Meabe Leire , Aldalur Itziar , Lindberg Simon , Arrese-Igor Mikel , Armand Michel , Martinez-Ibañez Maria , Zhang Heng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Despite the efforts devoted to the identification of new electrode materials with higher specific capacities and electrolyte additives to mitigate the well-known limitations of current lithium-ion batteries, this technology is believed to have almost reached its energy density limit. It suffers also of a severe safety concern ascribed to the use of flammable liquid-based electrolytes. In this regard, solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) enabling the use of lithium metal as anode in the so-called solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) are considered as the most desirable solution to tackle the aforementioned limitations. This emerging technology has rapidly evolved in recent years thanks to the striking advances gained in the domain of electrolyte materials, where SSEs can be classified according to their core chemistry as organic, inorganic, and hybrid/composite electrolytes. This strategic review presents a critical analysis of the design strategies reported in the field of SSEs, summarizing their main advantages and disadvantages, and providing a future perspective toward the rapid development of SSLMB technology.
Cost-effectiveness of replacing versus discarding the nail in children with nail bed injury
Authors: Dakin Helen A , Nguyen Thi Thu An , Dritsaki Melina , Greig Aina V H , Stokes Jamie R , Cook Jonathan A , Beard David J , Davies Loretta , Gardiner Matthew D , Jain Abhilash ,   NINJA Collaborative, Png M E , Jones A , Cooper C , Sierakowski A , Mertic A , Gerrish H , Cranmer K , Fox N , Dutta P , Vissers G , Costa P , Irri R , McArthur G , Horwitz M , Sleiwah A , Jephson H , Deeley M , Nicholas R , Vinnicombe Z , Nicola A , Chuo C Bing , Milner C , Heaney J , Totty J , Fleet M , Faheem Khadim M , Williams P , Bibawy S , Round A , Pinder R , Plonczak A , Lawton G , Kennedy D , Bennett A , Fadulelmola A , James J , Reay E , Beadon K , Cameron T , Oliver Z , Wensley K , Dupré S , Rodriguez J , Furniss D , Gale M , Knight A , Tulip J , Turner L , Wellings L , Allen M , Wade R , Itte V , Bourke G , Kumar N , O'Sullivan S , Jones J WM , Young K , Taylor K , Dawood O , Booth S , Giwa L , Pearl R , Coutts A , Hawkins R , Mostafa A , Nisbett T , Riddlestone P , Selby A , Uzoho C , Chasiouras D , Bainbridge LC , Buick T , Lam W , Baker B , Walsh K , Keating K , Dalan R , Shah M , Mead D , Diment S , Nicolau M , Smeeton B , Thomson D , Senior N , Moledina J , Colville J , Manso K , Song M , Manley O , Drury P , Kerstein R , Cobb W , Wormald J , Shirley R , Tan A , Arnaout A , Cruz C , Brice N , Segaren N , Joji N , Chawla R , Hassanin S , Adami R , Ridha H , Cook A , Symington L , Long R , Dustagheer S , Jarvis H , Larsen M , Williams M , Trickett R , Miles D , Pai A , Honeywell C , Brady C , Madhavan S , Manou V , Phillips G , Baker R 
Published: April 2023

Lay Summary
Every year in the UK, around 10 000 children need to have operations to mend injuries to the bed of their fingernails. Currently, most children have their fingernail placed back on the injured nail bed after the operation. The NINJA trial found that children were slightly less likely to have an infection if the nail was thrown away rather than being put back, but the difference between groups was small and could have be due to chance. This study looked at whether replacing the nail is cost-effective compared with throwing it away. Using data from the NINJA trial, we compared costs, healthcare use, and quality of life and assessed the cost-effectiveness of replacing the nail. It was found that throwing the nail away after surgery would save the National Health Service (NHS) £75 (€85) per operation compared with placing the nail back on the nail bed. Changing clinical practice could save the NHS in England £720 000 (€819 000) per year.
Promyelinating drugs promote functional recovery in an autism spectrum disorder mouse model of Pitt–Hopkins syndrome
Authors: Bohlen Joseph F , Cleary Colin M , Das Debamitra , Sripathy Srinidhi Rao , Sadowski Norah , Shim Gina , Kenney Rakaia F , Buchler Ingrid P , Banerji Tapasree , Scanlan Thomas S , Mulkey Daniel K , Maher Brady J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Pitt–Hopkins syndrome is an autism spectrum disorder caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the human transcription factor 4 gene (TCF4). One pathobiological process caused by murine Tcf4 mutation is a cell autonomous reduction in oligodendrocytes and myelination. In this study, we show that the promyelinating compounds, clemastine, sobetirome and Sob-AM2 are effective at restoring myelination defects in a Pitt–Hopkins syndrome mouse model. In vitro, clemastine treatment reduced excess oligodendrocyte precursor cells and normalized oligodendrocyte density. In vivo, 2-week intraperitoneal administration of clemastine also normalized oligodendrocyte precursor cell and oligodendrocyte density in the cortex of Tcf4 mutant mice and appeared to increase the number of axons undergoing myelination, as EM imaging of the corpus callosum showed a significant increase in the proportion of uncompacted myelin and an overall reduction in the g-ratio. Importantly, this treatment paradigm resulted in functional rescue by improving electrophysiology and behaviour. To confirm behavioural rescue was achieved via enhancing myelination, we show that treatment with the thyroid hormone receptor agonist sobetirome or its brain penetrating prodrug Sob-AM2, was also effective at normalizing oligodendrocyte precursor cell and oligodendrocyte densities and behaviour in the Pitt–Hopkins syndrome mouse model. Together, these results provide preclinical evidence that promyelinating therapies may be beneficial in Pitt–Hopkins syndrome and potentially other neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by dysmyelination.