bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endovascular stenting for malignant superior vena cava syndrome - Case series and review of literature
Authors: Arshad Abdul Majeed , Pandiyan Arun Pandiyan Somasundara , Ayub Irfan Ismail , Chockalingam Chandrasekar , Thangaswamy Dhanasekar 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The treatment of malignant superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) revolves around radiotherapy and chemotherapy to relieve symptoms with surgery being ruled out due to the advanced stage of malignancy. Primary placement of endovascular stent for palliation of malignant SVCS is not commonly reported in the literature. Here, we present two cases of malignant superior vena cava syndrome with successful relief of symptoms after the placement of endo vascular stent.
Impact of Resilience and Environmental Stress on Burnout of Students in Public and Private Dental Schools in Western Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsharif M , Almadani N , Mahmoud RY , Alsharif A , Al-Maweri SA , Kassim S 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Dental students’ burnout has been repeatedly reported in the literature; however, there is little information about the contributing factors in different contexts and settings.

Aims:
This study aimed to investigate the correlation between burnout among undergraduate dental students and sociodemographic (specifically gender), psychological (resilience), and structural factors (dental environment stress).

Subjects and Methods:
An online cross-sectional survey questionnaire was distributed among a convenience sample of 500 undergraduate Saudi dental students. The survey included questions about sociodemographic factors (gender, level of education, academic achievement, type of school [public or private], and living arrangements). The study also included items that allowed assessment of students’ burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and assessment of student environmental stress and resilience using the Dental Environment Stress Scale (DESS) and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Descriptive statistics, univariate, and linear regression analyses were performed.

Results:
The response rate was 67% (male = 119, female = 216). Univariable analysis showed that gender, level of education, and DESS and BRS scores correlated significantly (P <.05) with MBI scores. Adjusted multiple linear regression lends further support to that the MBI scores negatively correlated with the BRS score but positively correlated with the DESS score (β = -0.29, P <.001; β = 0.44, P <.001, respectively).

Conclusions:
Within the limitations of this study, the findings demonstrated that increases in resilience correlated significantly with decreases in burnout and increases in environmental stress correlated significantly with increases in burnout among dental students. However, gender had no influence on burnout.
Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment on Individual Perception and Self-Care Practice of Refractive Error in a Rural Community in Enugu, South East Nigeria
Authors: Nwachukwu NZ , Adeniyi DB , Amu NB , Nwachukwu DC , Chuka-Okosa CM 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Globally, uncorrected refractive errors have been identified as the most common cause of visual impairment and the second leading cause of treatable blindness.

Aim:
This study quantitatively and qualitatively assessed individual perception and self-care practice of refractive error (RE) in a rural community in Enugu State.

Subjects and Methods:
A descriptive, cross-sectional, population-based survey was done in Amorji community, Enugu State. A pretested, researcher-administered questionnaire was used to interview the respondents on knowledge of causes, features and treatment of RE, their self-care practices, and attitudes toward RE. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) were also carried out to qualitatively assess these parameters. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.

Results:
A total of 522 adults, 307 (58.8%) males, and 215 (41.2%) females aged 43 ± 31.6 (range 18–83) years participated in the study. Of the participants, 235 (45.0%) had good knowledge of RE; 272 (52.1%) had positive attitude toward RE, while only 51 (9.8%) had good self-care practice. Educational status was significantly (p = 0.02) associated with participants’ knowledge, attitude, and self-care practices. Good knowledge significantly (p = 0.001) influenced attitude and self-care practices among the participants. Results from FGDs and IDIs were in agreement with those obtained from the questionnaire-based part of the study.

Conclusion:
The participants from Amorji community had good knowledge of the features of RE but poor knowledge of its causes and treatment. They also exhibited positive attitude, but poor self-care practices toward refractive errors.
Functional and Morphological Study of the Effects of Carvacrol on Smooth Muscle of the Thoracic Aorta in the Rat
Authors: Shatarat AT , Halaiqah SH , Altarawneh IA , Smadi ZS , Badran DH , Al-Essa Mohamed K. , Mohammed FI 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The leaves of Origanum are widely used in herbal medicine hence of having many beneficial ingredients, one of these important compounds is Carvacrol. The inhibitory effect of Carvacrol was the core of this study by applying different kinds of stimulants to smooth muscles in the wall of thoracic aorta in rats.

Aim:
To investigate the pharmacological effects of Carvacrol, the main active ingredient present in the medicinal plant Origanum, on the contractile activity and morphology of the smooth muscle of the rat thoracic aorta.

Materials and Methods:
After the thoracic aorta arteries were isolated and prepared for the experiments, each thoracic aorta was cut into 5-mm ring segments; different stimulants were used (Potassium Chloride, Norepinephrine, U46619, and α,β-methylene ATP) in the presence and absence of Carvacrol on four groups of rats. The isolated rings were placed and connected to a force transducer which in turn linked to a data acquisition system via an amplifier to record the effect of each stimulant. GraphPad Prism version 5.02 for Windows, one-way analysis of variance followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test.

Results:
It was found out that Carvacrol obstructs the contractile responses elicited by exogenous NA, KCl, U46619, and α,β-methylene ATP in a concentration dependent manner.

Conclusion:
The addition of Carvacrol in the experimental rats showed an increase in the thickness of tunica media as evident by the number of smooth muscle layers and laminae of elastic fibers. It was found that Carvacrol reduced the vascular smooth muscle contractility in the rat thoracic aorta. The mechanism of action is presumed to be achieved through interfering with the mobilization of both intracellular and extracellular Ca2+ through different receptors. Furthermore, it might be suggested that Carvacrol in high doses stimulates smooth muscles in the wall of aorta leading to an increase in the thickness of tunica media layer.
Assessment of Left Ventricular Geometry in Normotensive Type II Diabetic Patients
Authors: Udora NC , Ejim EC , Young EE , Onwubere BJC 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Abnormalities of glucose metabolism are associated with abnormal left ventricular geometry (LV) independent of atherosclerosis. Abnormal LV geometry, a predictor of premature cardiovascular events, indicates presence of subclinical target organ damages. Screening for abnormal LV geometry in diseases of abnormal glucose metabolism is desirable as part of their management protocol.

Aim:
To assess the left ventricular geometry in normotensive type II diabetic patients. Cross-sectional, descriptive, hospital-based study. One hundred normotensive type II diabetic patients drawn from the Endocrinology and Family Medicine Clinics of a tertiary hospital were age- and gender-matched with 100 apparently healthy controls. Participants meeting the criteria and informed consent proceeded for clinical evaluation, biochemical assessment, electrocardiography, and echocardiography using the American Society of Echocardiography guideline.

Materials and Methods:
Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] version 25.0 (Chicago Illinois, USA).

Results:
Mean age of study and control groups was (55.56 ± 9.89 versus 55.47 ± 10.7) years (χ2 = 0.062, P = 0.951). The mean duration of diabetes illness was 6.57 ± 6.26 years. Prevalence of abnormal LV geometry was 51% (study) versus 18% (control) FT, P < 0.001). Concentric remodeling was the predominant geometry in 36% of study versus 11% of controls, followed by eccentric hypertrophy in 11% (study) versus 4% (control) and concentric hypertrophy in 4% (study) versus 3% (control). Geometry was normal in 49% of study against 82% in the controls (FT, P < 0.001). Significant association existed between LV geometry and duration of diabetes (χ2 = 10.793, P = 0.005).

Conclusion:
Abnormal LV geometry is highly prevalent in normotensive diabetic patients.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Proton Pump Inhibitors among Community Pharmacists and Pharmacy Students
Authors: Hamurtekin E , Boşnak AS , Azarbad A , Moghaddamshahabi R , Hamurtekin Y , Naser RB 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
There are concerns about inappropriate use and insufficient knowledge of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) use among medical staff.

Aims:
This study was designed to examine pharmacy students’ and community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitude, and practices toward PPIs and their relationship with specific sociodemographic characteristics.

Subjects and Methods:
This descriptive study was conducted on the pharmacy students (first and last year) at Eastern Mediterranean University and community pharmacists in North Cyprus Data were collected by a validated questionnaire, which assessed knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding PPI use. Students were included without sampling in a volunteer-based manner. Registered community pharmacists were selected randomly.

Results:
First-year pharmacy students (n = 77) showed significantly lower knowledge levels than last-year students (12.00 vs. 13.65; P < 0.001); however, there was no significant difference between last-year students (n = 111) and community pharmacists (n = 59). First-year pharmacy students were significantly less aware of PPIs’ “dosage and administration” than the other two groups. Last-year students and community pharmacists exhibited significantly higher attitude scores regarding PPI use (24.7 and 24.6 vs. 22.7; P < 0.001). Omeprazole was found to be the most preferred PPI among the three studied populations. Community pharmacists used PPIs mainly to treat acid reflux. Gender, nationality, and pharmacy education program type did not influence pharmacy students’ knowledge, attitude, or practices.

Conclusions:
There was not a significant difference regarding knowledge and attitude between the last-year pharmacy students and community pharmacists. The practices of community pharmacists were significantly different from the pharmacy students. It was concluded that certain essential topics regarding PPI use should be emphasized in pharmacy education and during pharmacy practice. Further, it is essentially important for community pharmacists to continue their education through training programs after graduation to enhance their knowledge of PPI use.
Notas de Jurisprudencia.- Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Escribano López Francisco 
Published: March 2023

Sumario:
- Sentencia 20/2022, de 9 de febrero de 2022 (BOE de 10 de marzo de 2022). Ponente: Ricardo Enríquez Sancho.- Otras SSTC de interés publicadas en el BOE entre el 23 de febrero de 2022 y el 30 de abril.
Impacto de la innovación y las ventajas competitivas sobre la dirección en las micro y pequeñas empresas locales e internacionalizadas
Authors: Ramos Arévalo Sindri , Aguilar Rascón Oscar Cuauhtémoc 
Published: March 2023

Este artículo evalúa las diferencias en las micro y pequeñas empresas (mypes) internacionalizadas y no internacionalizadas. Se desarrolla y prueba un modelo cuantitativo con el que se aplicaron 40 509 encuestas a las personas que toman la mayor parte de las decisiones en las micro y pequeñas empresas; esto se llevó a cabo en cuatro países —México, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú—. El objetivo es determinar si existen diferencias en la forma de la dirección entre las mypes internacionalizadas y no internacionalizadas, y relacionarlas con la innovación y las ventajas competitivas. Se puede observar que sí existen diferencias, las empresas internacionalizadas tienen un mayor desarrollo en sus procesos de innovación y desarrollan ventajas competitivas frente a las que no están en procesos internacionales.
Abstract
This article evaluates differences between internationalized and non-internationalized micro and small enterprises (MSEs). A quantitative model developed and tested with which was applied to 40 509 people that make most of the decisions related to micro and small enterprises, was carried out in four countries – Mexico, Colombia Ecuador, and Peru. The objective is to determine if differences exist in the manner by which internationalized and non-internationalized MSEs are directed and link them with innovation and competitive advantages. We observed that there does exist a difference among internationalized enterprises having greater development in terms of their innovative processes and competitive advantages in comparison to those that are non-internationalized.
Pengaruh Penempatan Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan RS XXX Serang
Authors: Pancasasti Ranthy Pancasasti 
Published: March 2023

Kinerja karyawan berkontribusi sangat penting untuk keberlangsungan suatu organisasi dalam menghadapi persaingan yang semakin ketat dalam dunia kerja di era globalisasi saat ini. Maka dari itu diperlukan sebuah upaya untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan dalam suatu organisasi sebagai bentuk respon terhadap persaingan. Penempatan Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja dalam penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya dapat meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis model yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan dengan melibatkan Penempatan Kerja dan Disiplin Karyawan. Keterbaharuan (novelty) dalam penelitian ini adalah belum diketemukan penelitian sebelumnya yang membahas mengenai Penempatan Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Rumah Sakit XXX di Serang. Batasan dalam penelitian ini hanya untuk melakukan analisis besarnya pengaruh Penempatan Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Rumah Sakit XXX di Serang. Metode penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan alat bantuan kuesioner dengan skala ordinal 10 poin dan teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara simple random sampling. Jumlah sampel yang dipergunakan sebanyak 30 karyawan dari populasi 352 Karyawan untuk menguji tiga (3) hipotesis yang telah ditetapkan. Model Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) dipergunakan untuk menguji signifikansi statistik koefisien jalur. Temuan hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa Penempatan Kerja mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Disiplin Kerja tidak berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Penempatan Kerja mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Disiplin Kerja.
Инвестиция фондлари: SICAV ёки акциядорлик жамияти
Authors: Жумағулов Алишер 
Published: March 2023

Мақолада Ўзбекистонда инвестиция фондлари фаолиятини ташкил этиш бўйича норматив-ҳуқуқий база имкониятлари ва бу борадаги ҳуқуқий ёндашувлар таҳлил қилинади. Ўзбекистонда инвестиция фондлари имкониятларидан фойдаланиш лозимлиги ҳақида қарашлар анчадан буён мавжуд бўлса-да, қонун ижодкорлиги борасида олдинга силжиш кузатилмади. Қонунчиликда деярли ўзгаришлар бўлмаётган бир пайтда аҳоли ўртасида инвестиция фондларига қизиқиш ортиб бормоқда. Муаллифнинг фикрича, амалдаги миллий қонунчилик инвестиция фондларини ташкил этиш ва уларнинг самарали фаолият юритиши учун имконият бермайди. Ўзбекистон Республикасининг “Инвестиция ва пай фондлари тўғрисида”ги Қонуни инвестиция фондларининг умумий жиҳатларигагина тўхталади. Бироқ мазкур Қонун инвестиция фондлари учун муҳим масалаларни эса тартибга сола олмади. Қонун инвестиция фондининг ташкилий-ҳуқуқий шакли борасида барча масалаларни Ўзбекистон Республикасининг “Акциядорлик жамияти ва акциядорларнинг ҳуқуқларини ҳимоя қилиш тўғрисида”ги Қонунига ҳавола қилади. “Акциядорлик жамияти ва акциядорларнинг ҳуқуқларини ҳимоя қилиш тўғрисида”ги Қонун эса инвестиция фондларининг ўзига хосликларини инобатга олмаган. Айниқса, “Акциядорлик жамиятлари тўғрисида”ги Қонун акцияларни қайтариб сотиб олишнинг қийин тартиб-таомилларини ўрнатади. Мақоланинг хулоса қисмида эса муаллиф томонидан ривожланган ҳуқуқий тизимларда акциядорлик жамиятинининг инвестиция фондлари учун ихтисослашган турлари мавжуд эканлигини, улар инвестиция фондларининг ўзига хосликларини акс эттириши ҳамда инвесторлар учун жуда қулай эканлиги қайд этилган ва миллий қонунчиликни такомиллаштириш бўйича таклифлар илгари сурилган.
AGROECOLOGIA E A PRODUÇÃO DE TERRITÓRIOS: LIMITES E POSSIBILIDADES DE PRÁTICAS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS ALTERNATIVAS NA REGIÃO DA GRANDE DOURADOS\MS
Authors: Campos Bruno , Moretti Silvana Aparecida Lucato 
Published: March 2023

Neste artigo buscou-se tecer uma discussão acerca da Agroecologia e sua interface com a produção dos territórios, tendo como objeto de análise as práticas socioambientais alternativas da agroecologia no Território da Grande Dourados. Tal esforço se justifica pela evidente dimensão territorial que cerca as práticas agroecológicas, que, por vezes, tem se apresentado como matriz disciplinar e também pela tendência desta prática vir a consolidar como uma alternativa paradigmática. Diante de tais considerações, procurou-se realizar um debate acerca da lógica do Estado-Nação e os conflitos territoriais em evidência na sociedade. Para tal, a questão da pobreza/riqueza foi trazida para o campo de discussão, questionando se seria mesmo um desafio alimentar as pessoas do mundo. A Agroecologia foi tratada como alternativa de resistência e refundação dos territórios, no sentido de seu potencial para solucionar problemas da falta de oferta de alimento saudável, de saúde pública e de caráter ambiental de um modo geral. Tomando como objeto de análise as práticas socioambientais alternativas da agroecologia no Território da Grande Dourados, na porção austral do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, viu-se que, mesmo considerando as diferenças existentes entre os agricultores, a produção de orgânicos por famílias proprietárias de pequenas porções de terras é uma resistência ao processo de homogeneização do território pelas formas capitalistas de produção mais rentáveis economicamente, marcadamente representada pela produção agropecuária destinada ao mercado internacional.
Homoeopathic Treatment of Lichen Simplex Chronicus: A Case Report
Authors: Jaiswal Prastuti , Yadav Komal , Bhinda Aditi , Thakur Isha 
Published: March 2023

Lichen simplex chronicus (LSC) or neurodermatitis is a chronic type of skin disease which features itself as chronic localized and lichenified form of atopic dermatitis. Conventional treatment only keeps the symptoms in abeyance and eruptions reappear again and again. Here a case of LSC, of 60 year old male with a history of one and half year old dry, papular lesions presented. On the basis of the totality of symptoms, Homoeopathic medicine Sepia succus 200C was prescribed and gradually the patient showed stable improvement in signs and symptoms and reached remission by the end of 4 months. There was no recurrence over the next 8 months. Causal attribution of changes in his condition to the Homoeopathic treatment was depicted by modified Naranjo criteria (MONARCH). This case report evidently suggests that Homoeopathy can serve as a possible treatment option for the management of neurodermatitis cases.
La importancia de los libros en el proceso inquisitorial contra Gaspar de Grajal
Authors: Vivas González Vicente 
Published: March 2023

El trabajo que a continuación presentamos consiste en un análisis de la biblioteca del maestro Gaspar de Grajal (1530-1575), catedrático de Biblia en la Universidad de Salamanca y amigo de fray Luis de León. El motivo que nos impulsa a realizar esta investigación no solo radica en la importancia que estos libros tuvieron en el pensamiento del autor, sino también en el desarrollo del proceso inquisitorial contra los hebraístas salmantinos, pleito en el que fue acusado —entre otras cosas— de ser “amigo de novedades”. Como consecuencia, en las siguientes páginas trataremos de reconstruir su biblioteca personal con el objetivo de conocer los textos que poseía y, de esta manera, adentrarnos en la doctrina del maestro Grajal y comprender la influencia de las lecturas que realizó en las denuncias que le llevaron a morir en prisión. Para llevar a cabo esta labor, nos apoyaremos principalmente en las obras completas del autor, editadas y traducidas por Crescencio Miguélez Baños[1].

[1] Grajar, Gaspar de, Obras Completas, Vol. 1 y 2, edición y traducción de Crescencio Miguélez Baños, León, Universidad de León, 2002-2004. El editor se refiere al autor como “Grajar”, a diferencia de nosotros, que preferimos la denominación de “Grajal”.

[1] Grajar, Gaspar de, Obras Completas, Vol. 1 y 2, edición y traducción de Crescencio Miguélez Baños, León, Universidad de León, 2002-2004. El editor se refiere al autor como “Grajar”, a diferencia de nosotros, que preferimos la denominación de “Grajal”.
Crítica de Ibn Daud a la definición de materia prima de Ibn Gabirol y puntos de vista de Dominicus Gundissalinus
Authors: Eran Amira 
Published: March 2023

Abraham Ibn Daud critica duramente a Ibn Gabirol en su Fe Exaltada. En este artículo, tengo la intención de demostrar que el objeto genuino de esta crítica es Dominicus Gundissalinus, coautor, junto a Ibn Daud de la traducción de la Shifa’ de Avicena del árabe al latín. Además de su trabajo como traductores, Gundissalinus e Ibn Daud también escribieron obras propias. En este artículo, discuto la definición de materia prima utilizada por Avicena e Ibn Gabirol, adoptada por Ibn Daud y Gundissalinus. Aporto pruebas textuales para demostrar que en la mayoría de los casos en que Ibn Daud critica a Ibn Gabirol, en realidad se está refiriendo a los casos en que Gundissalinus abandona los puntos de vista de Avicena y en su lugar adopta los puntos de vista de Ibn Gabirol.
CONSTRUCTION OF COFFER DAMS FOR FIGHTING FEROCIOUS KOSI
Authors: Kumar Satish , Khosla Mona , Kumar Dr Anil 
Published: March 2023

Kosi River is an alluvial stream flows through Shivalih hill in Nepal & Tibet (China).It comes on the plane at Chatra about 45km North of Indo –Nepal border. There is a barrage on Indo-Nepal border at Bhim Nagar, Birpur in Supaul District of Bihar, Inia.Kosi River was devastating before it was tamed.In eighteen century it was flowing near Purnea town and shifted westward, now flowing near Supaul. It shifted about 120 km westward in 275 years. This river is formed by the confluence of seven small streams flowing through Tibet a Nepal. These seven streams are – Indravati, Tamar Kosi, likhu Kosi, Doodh Kosi, Arun Kosi and Tama Kosi. It travels about 729 kms from source to confluence with Ganga in Kurshela. Some hydraulic particulars of the rivers were:- Design Discharge of Barrage -9, 50, 000 cusec Max Discharge observed on 5th Oct 1968- 9,13,000 cusec( after construction of barrage) Total No .of Gate- 46On 16th Aug, 2008 there was a breach in eastern Kosi Afflux Bund of river Kosi In Nepal. The location of breach point was 13 m upstream from barrage. The river was flowing in three streams. Technical experts decided to construct three coffer dams to retrain the three streams into one and bring back the river river in main channel. it was on 24th Janurary,2008 on which the main flow of Kosi was stopped through bridge and diverted towards barrage through pilot channel. The barrage again stated functioning.