bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered Insulin Secretion Dynamics Relates to Oxidative Stress and Inflammasome Activation in Children with Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Authors: González-Domínguez Álvaro , Belmonte Thalía , Domínguez-Riscart Jesús , Ruiz-Ocaña Pablo , Muela-Zarzuela Inés , Saez-Benito Ana , Montañez-Martínez Raúl , Mateos Rosa M. , Lechuga-Sancho Alfonso M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Insulin resistance (IR) is considered the main driver of obesity related metabolic complications, and is related with oxidative stress and inflammation which in turn promote each other. However, there is still no specific definition of IR in children. Altered insulin secretion dynamics are also related with worse metabolic profiles and type 2 diabetes mellitus development, thus we aimed to test whether if insulin response relates with oxidative stress and inflammation.Methods We conducted a case-control study, including 132 children (33 controls; 42 with obesity but no IR; 25 with obesity and IR and an early insulin response to OGTT; 32 with obesity, IR, and a late insulin peak), and studied variables related with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation and inflammasome activationResults Children with obesity and IR with an early insulin response, behaved much like those without IR an almost every parameter. It was late responders who presented an impaired antioxidant system and elevated oxidative damage in erythrocytes and plasma, and inflammasome activation at their white blood cells, despite lower classical inflammation markers. Increased uric acid levels seems to be one of the underlying mechanisms for inflammasome activation.Conclusions It is insulin response to an OGTT what better identifies children with obesity suffering oxidative stress and inflammasome activation. Uric acid could be mediating this pathological inflammatory response by activating NLRP3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Difficulty Analysis of Question Sets Using Supervised Learning
Authors: Gupta Ashish , Adeem Mir , Mathias Saharsh Justin , S Ayyasamy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The Naive Bayes classifier is one of the most basic techniques to classification that may nevertheless provide good accuracy. Bayesian reasoning, of which the naive Bayes classifier is an example, is based on the Bayes rule, which relates probabilities that are conditional and marginal. The strategy that we utilized in this project was to implement such a Naive Bayes Algorithm to classify based on a decision attribute that is produced by mining the answer dataset from numerous participants and assigning a class based on this procedure. We successfully solved our problem statement of Difficulty Analysis of a Question Paper Using a Classification Algorithm and learned about Opinion Mining and Naive Bayes Classifiers along the way
Preoperative Prediction Model for Microvascular Invasion in HBV- related Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Yu Liang , Dai Mu-Gen , Lu Wen-Feng , Wang Dong-Dong , Ye Tai-Wei , Xu Fei-Qi , Liu Si-Yu , Liang Lei , Feng Du-Jin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims Preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) using a noninvasive method remain unresolved, especially in HBV-related in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). This study aimed to build and validate a preoperative prediction model for MVI in HBV-related ICC.Methods Patients with HBV-associated ICC undergoing curative surgical resection were identified. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the independent risk factors of MVI in the training cohort. Then, a prediction model was built by enrolling the independent risk factors. The predictive performance was validated by receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) and calibration in the validation cohort.Results Consecutive 626 patients were identified and randomly divided into the training (418, 67%) and validation (208, 33%) cohorts. Multivariate analysis showed that TBIL, CA19-9, tumor size, tumor number, and preoperative image lymph node metastasis were independently associated with MVI. Then, a model was built by enrolling former fiver risk factors. In the validation cohort, the performance of this model showed good calibration. The area under the curve was 0.874 (95% CI: 0.765–0.894) and 0.729 (95%CI: 0.706–0.751) in the training and validation cohort, respectively. Decision curve analysis showed an obvious net benefit from the model.Conclusion Based on clinical data, an easy model was built for the preoperative prediction of MVI, which can assist clinicians in surgical decision-making and adjuvant therapy.
Distribution of antibiotic resistant bacteria in different soil types following manure application
Authors: Song Tingting , Sardar Muhammad Fahad , Wang XueRong , Li Binxu , Zhang Zhuoyi , Wu Dimei , Zhu Changxiong , Li Hongna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Swine manure, commonly applied as organic composts in agricultural fields, is often considered as an important reservoir of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). We hypothesized that differences in soil types would affect the fate of ARB following manure application. Thus, the distribution of ARB after manure application was further investigated using black, fluvo-aquic and red soils. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of chlortetracycline (CTC)-resistant bacteria (CRB) was fluvo-aquic>red>black soils in control treatment. Additionally, it was affected by manure in black soil, and CTC-manure in both fluvo-aquic and red soils. For the CTC-manure treatment, a higher shift in the number of operational taxonomic units and the community composition of CRB was observed in fluvo-aquic soil than in black and red soils. Thus, it induced resistance development or an increase in soil indigenous microorganisms (Streptomyces, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Rhodococcus, Enterobacter), which was most evident in fluvo-aquic soil. Furthermore, LEfSe analysis specified the key different bacterial genera that changed significantly between treatments. They were Microbacteriaceaein black soil, Lactobacillus, unclassified_c__Bacilli and Paenibacillus in fluvo-aquic soil, and Dyella, Ralstonia and Bacillusin red soil. Moreover, great and negative influence of soil electric conductivity, total phosphorus and organic matter was observed on Ralstoniaand Bacillus. Streptomyces were significantly positively correlated with pH and organic matter. Overall, CTC-manure would pose a greater influence on soil’s CRB. Therefore, taking measures to control antibiotic residues in manure and to conduct proper return methods according to soil types are important ways to reduce the risk of soil resistant bacteria.
Large-scale Natural Disaster and Rising Costs Overtime—Heterogeneous Evolvement from Spatiotemporal Correlation Analysis on Tropical Cyclone Impacts in China during 2003-2018
Authors: Mao Yihua , Zhang Ruoxue , Hu Yuchen , Ma Jiayue , Zhang Zhao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Researchers discovered that the direct costs associated with meteorological hazards were on the rise across the nation, but there were few investigations into the internal mechanisms. On the basis of 16 years of data from 2003 to 2018, the patterns of tropical cyclone disasters in China were analyzed using a linear regression model, innovative trend, coupling degree, and geo-science analysis. Against the backdrop of rising direct economic losses over time, it has been discovered that large-scale disasters costing more than 30 billion yuan in recent years are the primary causes of the upward trend. Although tropical cyclones have moved northward since 2011, this phenomenon cannot explain the above pattern. Furthermore, this paper conducts a spatiotemporal correlation analysis of tropical cyclones and their impacts in an effort to reveal the evolvement of losses at smaller spatial units, as opposed to previous studies that conducted relatively independent analyses of space or time. It is found that the periodicity in disaster loss variables emerges at provincial level, whereas the national aggregation omits these specifics. Given that the association between frequency and losses lessens, particularly in provinces with medium/low levels of a predetermined disaster intensity index, this paper closes with recommendations for local risk preparation.
CCUS development in China and forecast its contribution to emission reduction
Authors: WANG Pengchen , SHI Beibei , LI Nan , KANG Rong , LI Yan , WANG Guiwen , YANG Long 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Nowadays environmental issues have been of great concern to the world, among which the problem of global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions is particularly prominent. All countries in the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement have committed to control greenhouse gas emissions, and China, as the largest carbon emitter, has assumed a heavier burden. China has been striving to develop low-carbon technologies such as hydrogen, nuclear, wind, and solar energy, but the most attention should be paid to CCUS, which many scholars have high expectations that CCUS can help China reduce emissions to some extent. Therefore, this paper presents a prediction that CCUS can reduce 3.8% of carbon emissions for China in 2040 when CCUS emission reductions increase at a rate of 30%. The power and chemical industries could reduce carbon emissions by 2.3% and 17.3%, respectively.
Femtosecond Optical Kerr Gates in Cancerous Breast Tissue for a New Optical Biopsy Method
Authors: Meyer Henry , Mamani Sandra , Li Zhi , Shi Lingyan , Alfano Robert 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Optical Kerr Effect was demonstrated for the first time as a new optical biopsy method to detect normal and grades of cancer of human breast tissues. The technique works by temporally tracking the various electronic and molecular processes that give rise to the nonlinear index of refraction (n2). The rate at which these processes populate and dissipate varies depending on the internal properties of the sample. It is shown here that in tissues, the variances in the ultrafast plasma Kerr responses that relates to the dielectric relaxation can be used as a biomarker for cancer. The relaxation of this response changes significantly between healthy and different grades of triple negative breast cancer tissues. This change can be attributed to a doubling or tripling of the tissue’s conductivity depending on the cancer grade.
Identification of Local Camel Populations in Turkiye Using Morphological, Genetic, and Breeding Info
Authors: Gültekin Aysun Koç , Özdemir Demir , Bener Leyla , Toparslan Emine , Yılmaz Murat , Çağlı Alkan , Çoğan Hasan , Ertürk Devrim 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic, morphological, and genetic characteristics of local camel populations reared in the Turkiye provinces of Aydin, Denizli, and Antalya, which have a long history of camel breeding. Although Turkiye has an old history of camel breeding in its historical process, the number of scientific studies aimed at identifying camel populations in Turkiye is almost negligible. In this study, local camel populations in Aydin, Denizli and Antalya cities of Turkiye were examined in three dimensions as demographic, morphological and genetic. A face-to-face survey of 117 breeders was used to determine demographic definitions. While the region where local camels were detected the most was determined as Antalya Region with 78.6%, it was determined that 82.6% of the breeders participating in the survey preferred to breed camels due to their docile temperament. Body measurements were made on 42 camels for morphological identification. Moreover, DNA were sampled with oral swabs from 57 camels (include 42 camels) for phylogenetic analyses using 16 SSR microsatellite loci to identify the genetic structure of local camel populations. The genetic analyses using SSR markers revealed that the camel populations in the Antalya region had a considerably more isolated genetic structure than the Aydin and Denizli populations, and consequently, these populations may be regarded the native camel population.
Costochondral Graft Rejection or Foreign Body Reaction 55 years after cleft lip revision: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Faisal Mohammad , Shrivastava Priyanshu Kumar , Narang Bindiya , Iftikhar Ifra , Sybil Deborah 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Management of cleft lip and palate is a complex procedure that requires multiple surgeries and placement of autogenous grafts for the closure of primary defects or to correct any secondary deformities. The use of dermal fillers, fat grafts, and alloplastic materials for lip augmentation have been well established in literature. However, there is no evidence of costochondral grafts being used to enhance lip fullness.
Case Presentation: This is a unique case report of a 68-year-old unilateral cleft lip patient who underwent secondary lip revision surgery at the age of 10 years, wherein a cartilaginous graft was obtained from her rib and placed in the upper lip. 55 years later, the patient presented with a tender upper lip swelling. Surgical resection revealed a pale whitish foreign body resembling cartilage. A review of literature was performed for previous reports of costochondral grafts in the oral and maxillofacial region and commonly used materials for secondary lip augmentation in cleft patients.
Conclusion: It is important to note here that the unusual placement of the costochondral graft invoked a delayed inflammatory response 55 years later, leading to failure, thus making this case rare and essential to report. This highlights the need for rigorous long-term follow-ups in patients with graft placement after a secondary cleft surgery.
Single PbS colloidal quantum dot transistor
Authors: Kenji Shibata , Yoshida Masaki , Hirakawa Kazuhiko , Otsuka Tomohiro , Bisri Satria , Iwasa Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Control and understanding of the carrier transport in colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) is crucial for device applications. However, due to the fluctuations in the size and morphology of CQD arrays, characterizing carrier transport has been challenging. In this work, we investigated the carrier transport through a single oleic acid-capped PbS CQD coupled to nanogap metal electrodes. We measured single electron tunneling through the CQDs and observed quantum dot size-dependent carrier transport, a large charging energy, orbital-dependent electron charging energy and conductance, electric field modulation of the electron confinement potential, and the Kondo effect, which provide nanoscopic insights into the carrier transport through CQDs at the single quantum dot level. These findings as well as the commercial availability and high stability make PbS CQDs promising for future development of optoelectronic and quantum information devices, particularly room-temperature single-electron transistors with excellent optical properties.
Full-scale field-free spin-orbit switching of the CoPt layer grown on vicinal substrates
Authors: Che Renchao , Luo Yongming , Liang Mengfan , Feng Zhongshu , Chen Haoran , Jiang Nan , Chen Jianhui , Yuan Mingyue , Zhang Jincang , Cheng Yifeng , Sun Lu , Bai Ru , Miao Xiaohe , Wang Ningning , Wu Yizheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A simple, reliable and field-free spin orbit torque (SOT)-induced magnetization switching is a key ingredient for the development of the electrical controllable spintronic devices. Recently, the SOT induced deterministic switching of the CoPt single layer has attracts a lot of interests, as it could simplifies the structure and add new flexibility in the design of SOT devices, compared with the Ferromagnet/Heavy metal bilayer counterparts. Unfortunately, under the field-free switching strategies used nowadays, the switching of the CoPt layer is often partial, which sets a major obstacle for the practical applications. In this study, by growing the CoPt on vicinal substrates, we could achieve the full-scale (100% switching ratio) field-free switching of the CoPt layer. We demonstrate that when grown on vicinal substrates, the magnetic easy axis of the CoPt could be tilted from the normal direction of the film plane; the strength of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) would be also be tuned as well. Micromagnetic simulation further reveal that the field-free switching stems from tilted magnetic anisotropy induced by the vicinal substrate, while the enhancement of DMI help reducing the critical switching current. In addition, we also found that the vicinal substrates could also enhance the SOT efficiency. With such simplestructure, full-scale switching, tunable DMI and SOT efficiency, our results provide a new knob for the design SOT-MRAM and future spintronic devices.
Photocatalytic Redox-Neutral Selective Single C(sp3)–F Bond Activation of Perfluoroalkyl Imines under Redox-Neutral Conditions
Authors: Liu Qiang , Wang Tao , Zong Yuan-Yuan , Huang Tao , Jin Xiao-Ling , Wu Li-Zhu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVisible-light-promoted site-selective and direct C − F bond functionalization of polyfluorinated iminosulfides were accomplished with alkenes and water under redox-neutral conditions, affording a diverse array of mutifluorinated γ-lactams. A variety of perfluoroalkyl units included C2F5, C3F7, C4F9and C5F11underwent site-selective defluorofunctionlization. This protocol allows high chemoselectivity control and shows excellent functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies reveal that the remarkable changes of the electron geometries during the defluorination widen the redox window between the substrates and the products and ensure the chemoselectivity of single C(sp3) − F bond cleavage.
Inferring individual evaluation criteria for reaching trajectories with obstacle avoidance from EEG signals
Authors: Iwane Fumiaki , Billard Aude , Millan Jose del R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
When we avoid obstacles while reaching out for an object, we make sure that our arm passes the obstacle with sufficient margin. This comfort margin varies across users and is displayed as challenging environmental constraints. When passing a fragile object, risk adverse individuals may adopt a larger margin than risk-prone people. The deviation from the traditional quasi straight line is less efficient, as it leads to a longer path to the target. This study investigates whether such individual preference results from differentiated weighting given to energy minimization versus comfort, and monitors brain error-related potentials (ErrP) evoked when subjects observe a robot moving dangerously close to a fragile object. Seventeen healthy participants monitored a robot performing safe, daring and unsafe trajectories around a wine glass. Each participant displayed distinct evaluation criteria. ErrPs were consistent with such individual specific evaluation. A subject specific linear classifier trained to predict subject’s individual response encapsulated with high predictability individual specific weighting across energy efficiency and comfort. This study suggests that ErrPs could be used in conjunction with an optimal control approach to identify cost used by one individual’s central nervous system. It further opens new avenues for the use of brain-evoked potential to train assistive robotic devices through the use of neuroprosthetic interfaces.
Palladium/Xu-Phos-Catalyzed Enantioselective Alkoxyalkenylation of γ-Hydroxyalkenes: Side Arm Effect and Mechanistic Study
Authors: Zhang Junliang , Zhu Shuai , Ye Zihao , Chen Ming-Jie , Wang Lei , Wang Yu-Zhuo , Zhang Ke-Nan , Li Wenbo , Ding Han-Ming , Li Zhiming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recently, the asymmetric bifunctionalization of alkenes has received much attention. However, the development of enantioselective alkoxyalkenylation has posed a considerable challenge and has lagged largely behind. Herein, we report a novel palladium-catalyzed enantioselective alkoxyalkenylation reaction, using a range of primary, secondary and tertiary γ-hydroxy-alkenes with alkenyl halides. By employing newly identified Xu-Phos (Xu8 and Xu9) with a suitable side-arm adjacent to the PCy2 motif, a series of allyl substituted tetrahydrofurans were obtained in good yields with up to 95% ee. Besides (E)-alkenyl halides, (Z)-alkenyl halide was also examined and provided the corresponding cis-product as a single diastereomer, supporting a stereospecific reductive elimination step. Moreover, deuterium labeling and VCD experiments were employed to determine a cis-oxypalladation mechanism, and DFT calculations helped us gain deeper insight into the side-arm effect on the chiral ligand. Finally, the practicability of this method is further demonstrated through a gram-scale synthesis and versatile transformation of the products.
Modeling and circuit design for three-terminal memristors
Authors: Kuang Xianyan , huan xianglan , xiao hongbiao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a three-terminal memristor model is developed in order to improve the anti-interference performance of the memristor and address the issue that the resistance value of the conventional two-terminal memristor is readily impacted by voltage. In order to simulate and validate the function of the three-terminal memristor, the logic circuit and multiplication circuit are developed using this model in this work using the cadence ic617 program. According to the findings, the three-terminal memristor multiplication circuit uses less energy than the typical conventional multiplier circuit, consuming only 0.335 uW. The memristor offers the benefits of low power consumption, compact size, and great integratability as a nanoscale device. The use of three-terminal memristors can dramatically reduce the number of chip components and improve chip integration when Moore's law approaches a limit.
The crowding-out effect of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) on household expenditure patterns in Bangladesh
Authors: Azad Abul Kalam , Huque Rumana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) or sugary drinks may reduce or even eliminate the household income allocation for other essential commodities. Reducing expenditure for consumption of other household commodities is known as the crowding-out effect of SSB. We aimed to determine the crowding-out effect of SSB expenditure on other household commodities. In addition, we also identified the factors influencing the household's decision to purchase of SSBs.Methods We used the logistic regression (logit and multinomial logit models) and the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) models. In order to find the probability of a given change in the socio-demographic variables, we also estimated the average marginal effects from the logistic regression. In addition, we regressed the SUR model by gender differences. We used Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2016 data to estimate our chosen econometric models. HIES is nationally representative data on the household level across the country and is conducted using a multistage random sampling method by covering 46075 households.Results The findings from the logit model describe that the greater proportion of male members, larger household size, household heads with higher education, profession, having a refrigerator, members living outside of the house, and households with higher income positively affect the decision of purchasing SSB. However, the determinants vary with the various types of SSB. The unadjusted crowding out effect shows that expenditure on SSB or sugar-added drinks crowds out the household expenditure on food, clothing, housing, and energy items. On the other hand, the adjusted crowding out effect crowds out the spending on housing, education, transportation, and social and state responsibilities.Conclusion Although the household expenditure on beverages and sugar-added drinks is still moderate (around 2% of monthly household expenditure), the increased spending on beverages and sugar-added drinks is concerning due to the displacement of household expenditure for basic commodities such as food, clothing, housing, education, and energy. Therefore, evidence-based policies to regulate the sale and consumption of SSB are required for a healthy nation.