bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Men with and without Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Nedungottil Chandana , Agrawal Jyotsna , Sharma Mahendra Prakash , Murthy Pratima 
Published: January 2023

Context:Indian models of personality are seldom explored in relation to alcohol dependence.Trigunais an Indian model of personality originating from theSankhyaphilosophy, whereby threegunas,Sattva,RajasandTamasdescribe personality features. Additionally, the trait of Non attachment which is a concept discussed extensively inBhagavad Gitais also studied along withTriguna. Aims: The current study discusses these concepts and attempts to explore their relationship with personality and subjective well-being, among men with and without alcohol dependence.Subjects and Methods:A cross-sectional survey method was adopted, with a sample of 84 men from the community without alcohol dependence, screened through alcohol use disorders identification test and 30 men diagnosed with alcohol dependence. Informed consent was obtained from all the participants.Statistical Analysis Used:The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samplet-test, and Mann–WhitneyU-test.Results:Men without alcohol dependence scored significantly higher on variables such asSattva, extraversion and conscientiousness, positive affect, and life satisfaction, than men in the clinical group. Men who were diagnosed with alcohol dependence, scored significantly higher onTamas, neuroticism, and negative affect.Conclusions:This novel understanding of the personality structure of patients with alcohol dependence from theTrigunaperspective may be helpful in the development of indigenous psychological interventions for alcohol dependence.
Immediate Effect of Pranava Pranayama on Fetal and Maternal Cardiovascular Parameters
Authors: Vasundhara Vasudevan Rajalakshmi , Ramanathan Meena , Ghose Seteesh , Bhavanani Ananda Balayogi 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Maternal stress responses play an important role in the etiology of fetal and maternal disorders other than biomedical risks. The surge of emergency evidence that yoga as adjuvant therapy can have significant beneficial effects in the prenatal period and in the fetus.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of Pranava Pranayama on maternal and fetal cardiovascular parameters.

Materials and Methods:
Three-way cross-over study was done on 3 consecutive days in 60 pregnant women (3rd trimester) with 10 min of breath awareness, listening to OM, and performing Pranava Pranayama. Maternal heart rate (MHR) and systolic and diastolic pressures were measured before and after each session, and cardiovascular indices were derived with formulae. Fetal heart rate (FHR) was obtained from nonstress test tracing. Data were assessed using GraphPad InStat version 3.06. Student's t-test was used for intragroup comparisons while repeated measured ANOVA with Tukey–Kramer multiple comparison tests were done for intergroup comparison.

Results:
Significant changes (P < 0.001) were found in MHR and FHR immediately after all three interventions. Delta% changes showed the greatest fall in MHR (P = 0.03) after Pranava as compared to the other two while in FHR, both OM group and Pranava were significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
There were significant changes found in MHR, FHR, and cardiovascular responses rate-pressure product and double product after a single session of intervention. Yogic breathing techniques Pranava may enhance cardiovascular hemodynamics of the maternal–fetal unit. Reduction in maternal and fetal cardiovascular parameters attributed to reduced sympathetic activity coupled with enhanced vagal parasympathetic tone. Such changes in cardiac autonomic status may enhance placental circulation and lead to healthier fetal development.
Metformin use and Occurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lingaraj Achal Ganiga , Havangi Shisheer , Satheesha Anish Bandalore , Naidu Arjun , Garg Ketan , Garg Bhawna 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:
There is not much clarity on the metformin's preventive effect in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to determine the association between metformin use and HCC.

Materials and Methods:
An electronic search was carried on Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed/MEDLINE, from January 2010 to January 2022, for 12 years. Case–control and cohort studies were part of the eligible studies. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers. The Newcastle–Ottawa scale was used to check the quality of studies.

Results:
A total of 928 (872 + 56) studies were identified in our search, among which a total of 623 articles were analyzed after removing the duplicates. After the retrieved papers were analyzed for their titles and abstracts, a total of 575 articles were excluded on the basis of inclusion criteria, respectively. Forty-eight full-text articles were assessed for final data extraction, of which 11 articles were selected. The pooled analysis of included studies showed a combined odds ratio of 0.87; 95% confidence interval 0.86–0.89 for the association between HCC and the use of metformin. It was noticed that all the studies found nonmetformin therapy to entail a higher risk of HCC in comparison to therapy with metformin with the funnel plot showing asymmetric distribution, with Egger's test showing P < 0001.

Conclusions:
Metformin use reduces the HCC development risk, and therefore, it may be used in diabetics for the prevention of HCC.
Does the COVID-19 XBB Omicron subvariant signal the beginning of the end of the pandemic?
Authors: Ngiam Jinghao Nicholas , Al-Mubaarak Abdurrahmaan , Maurer-Stroh Sebastian , Tambyah Paul Anantharajah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
All pandemic viruses have eventually adapted to human hosts so that they become more transmissible and less virulent. The XBB Omicron subvariant is rapidly becoming the dominant strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Singapore from October 2022 and is one of several variants circulating globally with the potential to dominate autumn/winter waves in different countries. The XBB Omicron subvariant has demonstrated increased transmissibility through an apparent propensity for immune evasion. This is to be expected in the natural evolution of a virus in a population highly vaccinated with a vaccine targeting the spike protein of the original Wuhan strain of the virus. This review explores the important implications of the rising prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant for public health in Singapore and beyond.
Case Report: Chagas Disease in a Traveler Who Developed Esophageal Involvement Decades after Acute Infection
Authors: Beatty Norman L. , Alcala Rodrigo F. , Luque Nelson A. , Radetic Mark , Joshi-Guske Priti , Alakrad Eyad , Forsyth Colin J. , Hamer Davidson H. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT.
Travelers to Chagas disease endemic regions of Latin America may be at risk for Trypanosoma cruzi infection. We report a 67-year-old woman who screened positive for T. cruzi infection while donating blood. The patient had a history of an unusual febrile illness and marked swelling of the face sustained at age 10 after camping in northern Mexico that led to a 3-week hospitalization without a diagnosis. More than 4 decades later, rapid diagnostic tests and commercial and confirmatory serology for Chagas disease were all positive for T. cruzi infection. On evaluation, the patient described a progressive chronic cough, gastroesophageal reflux, and dysphagia for > 10 years. There was no evidence of any cardiac complications. However, esophageal manometry demonstrated significant dysmotility, with 90% of swallows being ineffective with evidence of esophageal pressurization and retrograde peristalsis in several swallows, suggesting early autonomic disruption due to Chagas disease esophagopathy. In this report, we highlight the importance of travel-related Chagas disease among travelers to endemic regions and the need to further identify potential risks of transmission among this at-risk population.
Foreword
Authors: Petrovčič Mateja 
Published: January 2023

The linguistic clumsiness of tourists and students might be the price we pay for the linguistic genius we displayed as babies, just as the decrepitude of age in the price we pay for the vigor of youth.
(Steven Pinker)

…, however, from the viewpoint of a linguist, it is definitely worth having it all.
The articles for the summer 2022 issue mainly involve topics either on second language learning and acquisition or historical language changes and the motives for them. They were carefully picked up from numerous proposals, and we are very grateful to every single contributor and also to the reviewers.
This issue opens with the article “Examples of Corpus Data Visualization: Collocations in Chinese” in which Ľuboš GAJDOŠ and Elena GAJDOŠOVÁ lightheartedly share a highly beneficial practical procedure that can be used in the visualization of language data, especially in language pedagogy.
In a very similar manner to the visualization, DENG Qi presents a tangible example from Japanese in the article “Choice Between the Synonymous Pairs of Sutoppu and Teishi: A Case Study on Synonyms of Western Loanwords and Sino-Japanese in Modern Japanese Based on Corpus”, discussing their usage and functions.
Yet another article “The Roman Alphabet Within the Japanese Writing System: Patterns of Usages and Their Significance” by Hironori NISHI explores the usages of the Roman alphabet within the present writing system of Japanese, which is, as the author suggests, induced by more and more frequent horizontal writing and the ever-increasing international interaction.
The following article was written by GUO Qingli and CHEW Fong Peng and is entitled “Liushu-based Instruction and Its Effects on the Motivation and Intended Learning Efforts: The Case of Laos Learners of Standard Chinese”. It introduces the Liushu-based instruction and examines its effects on the students' motivation and intended learning efforts.
LIU Sha wrote the article “Exceptions vs. Non-exceptions in Sound Changes: Morphological Condition and Frequency”, in which the author tries a unique approach to locate factors that explain exceptions in the diphthongization of [i] to [ei] in Mandarin.
Last but not least, Nina GOLOB in her article “Word-Prosodic Typology: The Traps of Seemingly Similar Japanese and Slovene” offers a brief review of research trends on prosody, and by introducing the phonetic properties of the two languages and acquisition difficulties by Slovene speakers of Japanese questions the typological similarity between Japanese and Slovene.

Editors and Editorial board wish the regular and new readers of the ALA journal a pleasant read full of inspiration, and a rise of new research ideas inspired by these papers.
Formação Inicial do Professor de Matemática: Aspectos, Problemas e Visões de Ensino
Authors: Aires Jose Maria de Queiroz 
Published: January 2023

Este artigo faz parte de uma pesquisa de mestrado e objetiva analisar e entender o que pensam os docentes de um curso de licenciatura em matemática de uma universidade pública sobre como está ocorrendo a formação inicial de futuros professores nesse curso. O aporte de dados foi obtido através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com sete docentes efetivos do curso de graduação. A análise dos dados ocorreu por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa. Entre as questões apontadas pelos sujeitos da pesquisa que dificultam o bom andamento do curso de graduação em matemática, estão a dissociação de ação entre os professores da área de matemática pura e os de educação matemática, os problemas relacionados à estrutura física que dá suporte às aulas, o déficit de conhecimentos dos alunos procedentes da educação básica e a precarização da mão de obra docente na instituição. Os depoimentos também sugerem que as práticas pedagógicas e os estágios comecem desde o início do curso.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Formação Inicial de Professores. Licenciatura em Matemática. Dificuldades.
Making Copper: Processing in Early Bronze Age Arslantepe (VI B2)
Authors: Hauptmann Andreas , Heil Nikolas , Di Nocera Gian Maria , Stöllner Thomas 
Published: January 2023

This paper presents results of archaeometallurgical finds from Arslantepe VI B2 and observations and geoscientific analyses of ores and ore deposits in East Anatolia which are connected with this site. Function and technology of Early Bronze Age crucible smelting in a small scale domestic mode of production are discussed. Ore and rock inclusions in slag and lead isotope analyses are consistent with the origins of various copper sources on the Black Sea coast in the north (Artvin/Murgul, Trabzon) and in the south (Ergani Maden, Upper Mesopotamia) and broadens the Early Bronze Age trade of the Kura Araxes cultural network. The petrology of slags also from Çayönü Tepesi and Nevali Çori shows their formation by partial (eutectic) smelting processes and the non-liquation of refractory materials. The model of deliberate fluxing in smelting copper is proven to be disputable. Smelting of copper was performed in portable crucibles of surprisingly large size with air supply from below.
The Dawn of Metallurgy at Chalcolithic Arslantepe: Metal Finds and Other Metallurgical Remains from Level VII
Authors: Heil Nikolas , Hauptmann Andreas , Di Nocera Gian Maria , Stöllner Thomas 
Published: January 2023

This paper deals with archaeometallurgical remains from period VII (Late Chalcolithic 3-4, 3900-3400 BC) of the settlement of Arslantepe (Malatya, Turkey). It aims at compiling early metallurgy (metallurgical artefacts, slags) by means of interdisciplinary scientific analysis. In contrast to later periods, the metallurgy of the Late Chalcolithic has as yet only been investigated to a limited degree. Trace elements and lead isotope analysis of metal artefacts and slags allowed for a reconstruction of provenances of raw materials in order to deal with trade networks. Lead and copper slags were analysed for texture and phase content to reconstruct metallurgical operations. Late Chalcolithic activities from Arslantepe level VII are compared with the metallurgy of the previous level, VIII, as well as of later periods (levels VI A, VI B). Various metal groups could be identified at Arslantepe VII, most notably copper, arsenic copper and arsenic-nickel copper. The slag samples show the smelting and processing of copper and lead within the settlement, while the lead slags may also indicate the extraction of silver. The differing compositions indicate the use of differentraw material sources, which is also supported by the lead isotope analysis data.
UPAYA KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM PENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU DAN PARTISIPASI ORANGTUA TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN AKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN ANAK PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI TK SWASTA TUNAS BANGSA MEDAN TIMUR
Authors: Dina Khairunnisya siregar, Ade Irma Suryani Pane Nurul Zahriani JF, Neny Sri Wahyuni, 
Published: January 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan upaya kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru dan bagaimana kepala sekolah berkoordinasi dengan orang tua siswa berpartisipasi dalam proses pembelajaran jarak jauh. Hasil penelitian ini adanya upaya dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru pada masa pendemi covid-19 di Sekolah Taman Kanak-kanak Tunas Bangsa terbilang sangat baik, dari sisi perencanaan, mobilisasi guru untuk mengikuti bimbingan teknis, koordinasi dengan orang tua siswa sebagai “pelaksana harian” di rumah yang menggantikan guru untuk sementara dalam hal pengawasan, bimbingan dan terlaksanakanya pembelajaran jarak jauh. Kepala sekolah selalu memonitoring, mengawasi, mengontrol, mengarahkan, membimbing dan mengevaluasi program pembelajaran jarak jauh. Kemudian partisipasi orang tua siswa sangat kooperatif dan mendukung kegiatan pembelajaran jarak jauh sehingga pembelajaran terlaksana dengan baik. Pembelajran jarak jauh sangat efektif dalam evaluasi pemberian tugas, siswa mendapatkan nilai yang sangat baik, namun untuk proses pemahaman konsep, materi sedikit menurun dari proses pembelajaran luar jaringan.
PROBLEMATIKA PEMBELAJARAN DARING (Kesulitan Yang Dihadapi Guru Dan Siswa SMP Swasta Nur Ihsan)
Authors: Mahrani Abdul Muthalib, Azhar Lubis,  Indah permata Sari Sinaga, 
Published: January 2023

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the difficulties facing teachers and private junior high school students Nur Ihsan, with two focus research studies that are problematic use of online learning media for teachers and students, printing a sanctions of online learning material for teachers and students. This research is implemented in private junior high school nur Ihsan on Febuari-October 2021. This research uses a qualitative method based on case studies. Data collection using observation, interview and documentation techniques. Then in the analysis with the data reduction stages, data sanctions, and concludes. The results showed that (1) Problematic Media's use of online learning for teachers and students at private junior high school Nur Ihsan in the COVID-19 period: The teacher is only bias using the WhatsApp app for teaching and learning processes, not utilizing other learning applications, not all students have a mobile phone, unstable network due to the conditions of residence from teachers or students who have unexed internet connection and purchase of expensive internet quotas. (2) Problematics in the Energy Learning Materials for Master and Private SMP Students Nur Ihsan in the Cove "-the 19th of the Creative Master In the Self-Speaking Learning Memorials only gives the textbooks to the students. Teacher feels limited in delaying materials and rapid changes from face-to-face learning switch to learning online making teachers less prepared in carrying out learning processes online.

Keyword: Education, Daring, Covid-19
Analisis Stakeholders Mapping dalam Penanganan COVID-19 di Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Yogopriyatno Jatmiko , Hakim Kahar 
Published: January 2023

Keterlibatan stakeholder merupakan salah satu kunci keberhasilan penanganan COVID-19. Artikel ini merupakan hasil pengamatan empiris penanganan COVID-19 dengan menggunakan teknik stakeholder mapping. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan para pihak yang terlibat dalam penanganan COVID-19 di Kota Bengkulu. Tidak lupa, peneliti juga melakukan dokumentasi data sekunder yang berhubungan dnegan penanganan COVID-19. Peneliti menemukan bahwa tenaga kesehatan, kepolisian, TNI, dan relawan merupakan pemain utama (kuadran 1). BPBD, Dinas Kesehatan, Dinas Sosial, dan Pasien Covid merupakan subyek (kuadran 2). Walikota, Kodim 0407, dan Kapolresta, dan Media berada dalam kuadran 3 sebagai context. NGOs, Bisnis, dan Masyarakat berada pada kuadran 4 sebagai crowd. Pola kerjasama stakeholders dalam penanganan Covid-19 di Kota Bengkulu berbasis pentaholicx karena melibatkan lima unsur (pemerintah, swasta, organisasi keagamaan, perguruan tinggi, dan media). Dua faktor yang menghambat para stakeholder dalam penanggulangan COVID-19 di Kota Bengkulu adalah rendahnya pengetahuan warga tentang bahaya COVID-19 dan Tindakan warga memenuhi kebutuhan subsistensi. Dua faktor ini menyebabkan warga mengabaikan perintah physical atau social distancing
.
POWER: an open, single-arm, post-market clinical trial using the TENA SmartCare Change Indicator in a home environment
Authors: Agholme Fredrik , Lamparski Artur , Radziszewski Piotr 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThis clinical trial test the use of the TENA SmartCare Change Indicator in a homecare environment.Material and methodsThe trial included 35 elderly subjects with urinary incontinence. The trial lasted for 3 weeks. The primary outcome was the reduction in manual absorbing product checks between baseline (first) and investigational (third) week.ResultsThe number of checks and leakages were significantly reduced by 16% (p = 0.001) and 40% (p = 0.0051).ConclusionsUse of the device lead to a reduction in numbers of manual checks and leakages. The device appears to be safe, well-tolerated and easy to use.
ATRIBUIÇÃO DO CANAL CFTR NA FIBROSE CÍSTICA
Authors: Silva Amanda Lorraine Pereira , Azevedo Cintia Graziely Miranda , Leal Maria Carolina Bezerra Di Medeiros 
Published: January 2023

Introdução: fibrose cística (FC) é uma doença autossômica recessiva ligada à mutação no gene CFTR (regulador de condutância transmembrana da fibrose cística), que determina a expressão proteica constituidora do canal regulador de cloro (Proteína CFTR). No mundo aproximadamente 90 (mil) pessoas são afetadas pela doença, com diagnóstico em torno de 1000 casos por ano e destes, 90% com severidade e mortalidade. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica na base de dados PUBMED entre os anos de 2016 e 2021 com a seleção de 20 artigos em inglês que abordavam a temática. Foram usados os descritores: “cystic fibrosis”, “channel” e “gene”, além do operador booleano “and” entre as palavras-chave. Objetivo: analisar a importância do canal iônico (proteína-CFTR), no desenvolvimento da FC, bem como entender a suas complicações no sistema respiratório. Resultados e discussão: o canal (proteína-CFTR) possui 5 domínios distintos, tal estrutura ao ser ativada promove o efluxo do íon cloro. Nessa perspectiva, mutações que levam a disfunção nesse canal afetam o transporte do cloro e intensificam a absorção de sódio. Esses fatores prejudicam a homeostase de vários sistemas orgânicos, como o pulmão e o pâncreas, em função do processo obstrutivo decorrente do muco espesso e da desidratação na superfície epitelial. Conclusão: As mutações nos genes CFTR, possuem direta relação na FC, dado que o mau funcionamento dos canais proteicos expressos por esses genes, implicam na desregulação iônica, espessamento e desidratação do muco, acarretando complicações clínicas.
Pemberian Asimilasi Rumah Kepada Anak Binaan di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak Kelas II Bandung Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Jamaludin Ahmad 
Published: January 2023

In the context of preventing and controlling the spread of Covid-19 in Correctional Institutions, the Minister of Law and Human Rights has stipulated Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights Number 32 of 2020 concerning Terms and Procedures for Granting Assimilation, Conditional Release, Leave Before Release, and Conditional Leave for Prisoners and Children. This study aims to determine and analyze the implementation process and the effectiveness of the implementation of home assimilation for foster children at the Class II Special Child Development Institute Bandung. The results of the research and discussion, it can be said that the assimilation of homes for foster children at the Bandung Class II Special Guidance Institute during the Covid 19 pandemic had a positive impact on the decline in inmates and foster children in Special Class II Bandung. Child Development Institutions through Assimilation and Integration to prevent COVID-19 for and foster children, reduce population density in Indonesia, save a lot of state money, and increase the productivity of foster children.
Dalam rangka pencegahan dan pengendalian penyebaran Covid-19 di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan, Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia telah menetapkan Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Nomor 32 Tahun 2020 tentang Syarat dan Tata Cara Pemberian Asimilasi, Pembebasan Bersyarat, Cuti Sebelum Pembebasan, dan Cuti Bersyarat bagi Narapidana dan Anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis proses pelaksanaan dan efektivitas pelaksanaan asimilasi rumah bagi anak asuh di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak Kelas II Bandung. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan asimilasi rumah bagi anak asuh di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Kelas II Bandung selama Pandemi Covid 19 berdampak positif terhadap penurunan warga binaan dan anak asuh di Kelas Khusus II Bandung. Lembaga Pembinaan Anak melalui Asimilasi dan Integrasi pencegahan COVID-19 bagi narapidana dan anak asuh, berhasil mengurangi kepadatan penduduk di Indonesia, menghemat banyak uang negara, dan meningkatkan produktivitas anak asuh.