bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the acoustic adaptation hypothesis in frogs using large‐scale citizen science data
Authors: Gillard G. L. , Rowley J. J. L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcoustic communication is vital to the survival and fitness of many vertebrates. While successful communication is reliant on acoustic signals reaching an intended receiver and maintaining content fidelity, propagating signals are attenuated by environmental factors such as habitat type. The acoustic adaptation hypothesis (AAH) predicts that the acoustic properties of signals are selected for optimal transmission in the habitats in which they propagate. To date, consistent evidence to support the theory is lacking, but studies have typically been primarily based on localized datasets with small sample sizes. Citizen science is emerging as a potential means to overcome the challenges associated with broad‐scale sampling, allowing us to assess the validity of the AAH in frogs on a continental scale. We analysed the male advertisement calls of 674 individual banjo frogs (Limnodynastes dorsalis, L. dumerilii, L. interioris and L. terraereginae) from across their range, pairing these citizen science data with remotely sensed measures of habitat complexity. While we detected considerable variation in acoustic structure within and among banjo frog species, this was not strongly correlated with habitat complexity. Thus, we found no support for the AAH. However, with our study spanning an area of over 1.7 million km2, we conducted the largest‐scale test of the AAH in frogs to date, contributing to the global understanding of acoustic signal evolution.
Temporal dynamics of soil fungi in a pyrodiverse dry‐sclerophyll forest
Authors: Bowd Elle J. , Egidi Eleonora , Lindenmayer David B. , Wardle David A. , Kardol Paul , Foster Claire 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFire is a major evolutionary and ecological driver that shapes biodiversity in forests. While above‐ground community responses to fire have been well‐documented, those below‐ground are much less understood. However, below‐ground communities, including fungi, play key roles in forests and facilitate the recovery of other organisms after fire. Here, we used internal transcribed spacer (ITS) meta‐barcoding data from forests with three different times since fire [short (3 years), medium (13–19 years) and long (>26 years)] to characterize the temporal responses of soil fungal communities across functional groups, ectomycorrhizal exploration strategies and inter‐guild associations. Our findings indicate that fire effects on fungal communities are strongest in the short to medium term, with clear distinctions between communities in forests with a short time (3 years) since fire, a medium time (13–19 years) and a long time (>26 years) since fire. Ectomycorrhizal fungi were disproportionately impacted by fire relative to saprotrophs, but the direction of the response varied depending on morphological structures and exploration strategies. For instance, short‐distance ectomycorrhizal fungi increased with recent fire, while medium‐distance (fringe) ectomycorrhizal fungi decreased. Further, we detected strong, negative inter‐guild associations between ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi but only at medium and long times since fire. Given the functional significance of fungi, the temporal changes in fungal composition, inter‐guild associations and functional groups after fire demonstrated in our study may have functional implications that require adaptive management to curtail.
How do learners perceive task repetition? Distributed practice effects on engagement and metacognitive judgment
Authors: Hanzawa Keiko , Suzuki Yuichi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile task repetition is effective for improving oral fluency, some teachers are reluctant to use it in their classrooms due to the alleged negative perceptions of learners toward repetitive practice. To address this concern, the participants in the current study completed a posttask questionnaire probing their perceptions toward task repetition practice, focusing on metacognitive judgment (i.e., the number of task repetitions considered effective) and emotional engagement (i.e., enjoyment and concentration). Prior to taking the survey, 64 second language learners individually performed the same picture‐description task six times under one of the three repetition schedules (massed, short‐spaced, and long‐spaced condition). Their posttask questionnaire results indicated that task repetition was perceived as an effective and engaging activity (about four to five performances were deemed to be most optimal). Relative to massed task repetition, short‐ and long‐spaced schedules led to higher perceived effectiveness and emotional engagement. Moreover, while the short‐spaced group made accurate metacognitive judgment of their fluency gains, learners in the massed practice condition overestimated their fluency gains, possibly due to enjoyment and illusion of high competence. These findings indicate that spacing between task repetitions can influence learners’ engagement in the task, which can impact their fluency development.
The STRIPAK complex orchestrates cell wall integrity signalling to govern the fungal development and virulence of Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Chen Ahai , Liu Na , Xu Chenghui , Wu Siqi , Liu Chao , Qi Hao , Ren Yiyi , Han Xingmin , Yang Kunlong , Liu Xiao , Ma Zhonghua , Chen Yun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStriatin‐interacting phosphatases and kinases (STRIPAKs) are evolutionarily conserved supramolecular complexes that control various important cellular processes such as signal transduction and development. However, the role of the STRIPAK complex in pathogenic fungi remains elusive. In this study, the components and function of the STRIPAK complex were investigated in Fusarium graminearum, an important plant‐pathogenic fungus. The results obtained from bioinformatic analyses and the protein–protein interactome suggested that the fungal STRIPAK complex consisted of six proteins: Ham2, Ham3, Ham4, PP2Aa, Ppg1, and Mob3. Deletion mutations of individual components of the STRIPAK complex were created, and observed to cause a significant reduction in fungal vegetative growth and sexual development, and dramatically attenuae virulence, excluding the essential gene PP2Aa. Further results revealed that the STRIPAK complex interacted with the mitogen‐activated protein kinase Mgv1, a key component in the cell wall integrity pathway, subsequently regulating the phosphorylation level and nuclear accumulation of Mgv1 to control the fungal stress response and virulence. Our results also suggested that the STRIPAK complex was interconnected with the target of rapamycin pathway through Tap42‐PP2A cascade. Taken together, our findings revealed that the STRIPAK complex orchestrates cell wall integrity signalling to govern the fungal development and virulence of F. graminearum and highlighted the importance of the STRIPAK complex in fungal virulence.
Ineffective esophageal motility: The impact of change of criteria in Chicago Classification version 4.0 on predicting outcome after magnetic sphincter augmentation
Authors: Riccardi Margaret , Eriksson Sven E. , Tamesis Steven , Zheng Ping , Jobe Blair A. , Ayazi Shahin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe most recent update of the Chicago Classification (CCv4.0) attempts to provide a more clinically relevant definition for ineffective esophageal motility (IEM). The impact of this new definition on predicting outcome after antireflux surgery is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare utility of IEM diagnosis based on CCv4.0 to CCv3.0 in predicting surgical outcome after magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) and to assess any additional parameters that hold value in future definitions.MethodsRecords of 336 patients who underwent MSA at our institution between 2013 and 2020 were reviewed. Preoperative manometry files were re‐analyzed using both Chicago Classification version 3.0 (CCv3.0) and CCv4.0 definitions of IEM. The utility of each IEM definition in predicting surgical outcome was then compared. Individual manometric components and impedance data were also assessed.Key ResultsImmediate dysphagia was reported by 186 (55.4%) and persistent dysphagia by 42 (12.5%) patients. CCv3.0 IEM criteria were met by 37 (11%) and CCv4.0 IEM by 18 (5.4%) patients (p = 0.011). CCv3.0 and CCv4.0 IEM were equally poor predictors of immediate (AUC = 0.503 vs. 0.512, p = 0.7482) and persistent (AUC = 0.519 vs. 0.510, p = 0.7544) dysphagia. The predicted dysphagia probability of less than 70% bolus clearance (BC) was 17.4%, higher than CCv4.0 IEM at 16.7%. When BC was incorporated into CCv4.0 IEM criteria, the probability increased significantly to 30.0% (p = 0.0042).Conclusions & InferencesThe CCv3.0 and CCv4.0 of IEM are poor predictors of dysphagia after MSA. Adding BC to the new definition improves its predictive utility and should be considered in future definitions.
Ethylene controls cambium stem cell activity via promoting local auxin biosynthesis
Authors: Yu Qin , Cheng Chenxia , Zhou Xiaofeng , Li Yonghong , Hu Yingchun , Yang Chun , Zhou Yingying , Soliman Tarek M. A. , Zhang Hao , Wang Qigang , Wang Huichun , Jiang Cai‐Zhong , Gan Su‐Sheng , Gao Junping , Ma Nan 
Published: June 2023

Summary

The vascular cambium is the main secondary meristem in plants that produces secondary phloem (outside) and xylem (inside) on opposing sides of the cambium. The phytohormone ethylene has been implicated in vascular cambium activity, but the regulatory network underlying ethylene‐mediated cambial activity remains to be elucidated.

Here, we found that PETAL MOVEMENT‐RELATED PROTEIN1 (RhPMP1), an ethylene‐inducible HOMEODOMAIN‐LEUCINE ZIPPER I transcription factor in woody plant rose (Rosa hybrida), regulates local auxin biosynthesis and auxin transport to maintain cambial activity.

Knockdown of RhPMP1 resulted in smaller midveins and reduced auxin content, while RhPMP1 overexpression resulted in larger midveins and increased auxin levels compared with the wild‐type plants. Furthermore, we revealed that Indole‐3‐pyruvate monooxygenase YUCCA 10 (RhYUC10) and Auxin transporter‐like protein 2 (RhAUX2), encoding an auxin biosynthetic enzyme and an auxin influx carrier, respectively, are direct downstream targets of RhPMP1.

In summary, our results suggest that ethylene promotes an auxin maximum in the cambium adjacent to the xylem to maintain cambial activity.
Childhood experiences and undergraduate student interest in STEM disciplines: Attending to setting and activity type
Authors: Dou Remy , Cian Heidi , Hazari Zahra , Sonnert Gerhard , Sadler Philip M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInformal STEM learning experiences (ISLEs), such as participating in science, computing, and engineering clubs and camps, have been associated with the development of youth’s science, technology, engineering, and mathematics interests and career aspirations. However, research on ISLEs predominantly focuses on institutional settings such as museums and science centers, which are often discursively inaccessible to youth who identify with minoritized demographic groups. Using latent class analysis, we identify five general profiles (i.e., classes) of childhood participation in ISLEs from data reported by a nationally representative sample of college students (N = 15,579). Results show that childhood participation in specific typologies of ISLEs (i.e., setting and activity type) is associated with youth's disciplinary interests at the end of high school. Participation in outdoor activities that invite observation is more often reported by female respondents and is negatively associated with interest in computing and mathematics. Participation in indoor activities that invite object manipulation is more often reported by male respondents and is positively associated with interest in computing and engineering. However, frequent participation in multiple ISLEs is positively associated with interest in “science.” These results elucidate stereotypical discourses that reinforce the exclusion of minoritized students and expose critical areas needing reform.
Effects of rapid maxillary expansion on sleep disturbance scale for children: A longitudinal CASE‐series study
Authors: de Oliveira Chami Vitória , da Rocha Jéssica Gabriele , Knorst Jessica Klockner , Fensterseifer Caroline Kolling , Ferrazzo Vilmar Antônio , Serra‐Negra Junia Maria Cheib , Marquezan Mariana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) with maxillary atresia.Materials and MethodsThe sample consisted of 27 paediatric patients evaluated through a Brazilian version of the SDSC, answered by their guardians at the following experimental time points: T0 (before installing the Hyrax expander), T1 (on the day of expander stabilization), T2 (3 months after expander stabilization), T3 (immediately after expander removal, following 6 months of retention), and T4 (3 months post‐retention). Multilevel Poisson analysis adjusted for repeated measures was performed to compare outcomes across the assessment time points.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 9.1 years (SD = 1.46). The total SDSC scores decreased and were statistically significant from T2 onwards (P < .01), with a decrease of 24% at T4 compared with T1 (IRR 0.76; 95% CI 0.69–0.84). The mean scores at T4 were already lower than the cutoff point for risk of sleep disorders. Regarding the specific domains, there was a significant reduction in sleep breathing disorders, sleep–wake transition disorders, and disorders of excessive somnolence as of T2 (P < .01), T3 (P < .05) and T4 (P < .05), respectively.ConclusionRME in children with maxillary atresia had a positive effect on the reduction of total SDSC scores after 3 months of expander stabilization, sustained over 6 and 9 months and significant reduction in sleep breathing disorders domain, sleep–wake transition disorders domain, and disorders of excessive somnolence domain over time points.
Desensitization in children allergic to drugs: Indications, protocols, and limits
Authors: Cernadas Josefina , Vasconcelos Maria João , Carneiro‐Leão Leonor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAny drug can potentially induce a hypersensitivity reaction. If after the allergological work‐up the drug hypersensitivity reaction is confirmed, in most cases, the simple avoidance of the culprit drug and a suggestion of an unrelated alternative is enough. However, there are circumstances where the choice to stop the treatment affects the survival, the safety and/or the quality of life of the patient and the global outcome of the disease in question. When this occurs, drug desensitization can be the answer and should not be viewed as an extravagance, nor the pediatric age should be considered a contraindication. Drug desensitization in children can be safely and successfully performed, having a positive impact on the survival and overall prognosis. In general, the indications for DDS are the same in adults as in children. However, in this age group there are specificities that this paper aimed to describe, reviewing the mechanisms behind drug hypersensitivity and rapid drug desensitization, types of protocols, indications, and contraindications, as well as several technical aspects that are specific to the pediatric age.
Preputial lymphangioma in a stallion: First report
Authors: Gomes José Eduardo , Canadas‐Sousa Ana , Guimarães Tiago , Cunha Raquel , Dias‐Pereira Patrícia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis short communication describes a case of a 30‐year‐old stallion with a mass on the base of the penis causing paraphimosis. The patient was submitted to anti‐inflammatory and diuretic therapy with no signs of improvement, so 16 days after the lesion was detected, the animal was euthanized. Necropsy was performed, and histopathological assessment of the lesion was conducted. The mass was composed primarily of channels and cavernous structures, lined by elongated cells of vascular origin, located in the preputium. The lesion was diagnosed as a preputial lymphangioma. To the authors' best knowledge, the anatomical location of this neoplasm (which is rare in veterinary medicine) has not been previously reported.
Trade policy uncertainty and pollution emissions of export enterprises—The case of China‐ASEAN free trade area
Authors: Zhou Kexuan , Yu Linhui , Jiang Xinlin , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe propose a theoretical framework to illustrate the impact of trade policy uncertainty on pollution emissions of export enterprises and the underlying mechanism. The magnitudes of the effect and the proposed channels are empirically estimated using the case of the formal establishment of China‐ASEAN free trade area and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission intensity as a measure of pollution emission intensity. Our analysis relies on high‐precision micro enterprise‐level data and the difference‐in‐difference methodology. The results show that China‐ASEAN free trade area effectively reduced the trade policy uncertainty and the SO2 emission intensity of Chinese enterprises exporting to ASEAN. The study also shows that the export enterprises of different trade modes, ownership types, regions, factor intensity, and pollution intensity industries show significant heterogeneity in the extent of the reduction in the SO2 emission intensity. The mechanism test reveals that the trade policy uncertainty decline mainly reduces the emission intensity of SO2 by raising the competitive and learning effects. The contribution of the learning effect is higher and accounts for 32.54% of the total effect. In addition, through dynamic decomposition at the industry level, we found that the contribution rate of resource allocation effect among enterprises in reducing the total emission intensity of SO2 of enterprises exporting to ASEAN at the industry level is 52.22%. This effect is perhaps the most significant way trade policy uncertainty impacts the SO2 pollution emission intensity.
Electric regionalism: Path dependence, development, and the African power pools
Authors: Hancock Kathleen J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLow access, unreliable supply, and high‐cost electricity have hampered many African states' ability to grow their economies. Even high‐income states, like South Africa, are increasingly challenged to provide reliable electricity. To help address this shortfall, African states belong to five regional power pools: organizations that link together electricity grids of member states and create markets to buy and sell electricity across borders. Scholar have given scant attention to these power pools, and none have explored the politics behind their creation and maintenance. The path dependence framework reveals that the configuration of the power pools is directly related to the end of colonialism and the subsequent creation of regional organizations formed in the 1960's. Applying the comparative regionalism framework, I find the principal drivers for adding electricity to pre‐existing organizations fall into three categories: development interests (donor states and development banks), mining companies, and some African states, especially South Africa and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Using organizations designed for other means might be hampering the region's ability to improve energy security, standards of living, and climate change goals. Donors and power pool members should consider investing more heavily in bilateral rather than regional organizations and in decentralized or distributed electricity systems.
Redemptive processing of impactful COVID‐19 experiences predicts well‐being among older but not younger adults
Authors: Thro Amber , Weststrate Nic M. , Wells Miranda , Strickler Caleb , Mabe Emily , Cummings Shannon , Jayawickreme Eranda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPeople engage in autobiographical reasoning to make sense of major life events. This study examined whether younger and older adults utilized different autobiographical reasoning strategies to make sense of highly emotional and impactful experiences during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We hypothesized that older adults would show higher levels of redemptive processing, younger adults would show higher levels of exploratory processing, and that these respective processes would be associated with well‐being for each group. Two samples of younger (n = 245; ages 17–22) and older (n = 224; ages 55–83) adults provided written narratives about their most impactful positive and negative experiences from the COVID‐19 pandemic and responded to a questionnaire assessing well‐being. We found that younger and older adults did not differ in their use of exploratory and redemptive processing. Redemptive processing was uniquely predictive of well‐being among older adults, although this relationship disappeared when positive and negative events were considered independently. These results suggest that the ability to positively reframe COVID‐related events could be particularly important for the well‐being of older adults.
The combined application of bleomycin and triamcinolone for the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars: An effective therapy for treating refractory keloids and hypertrophic scars
Authors: Luo Quan‐Feng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundKeloids and hypertrophic scars frustrate patients by the deformity of appearance and organ dysfunction. Many modalities had been tried in clinic practice, but the results are unsatisfied.ObjectiveWe retrospectively analysed the combined application of bleomycin and triamcinolone for the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars.MethodsThe combination of bleomycin and triamcin acetonide was applied to the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars, 86 cases accepted the treatment. Follow‐up 2–5 years after treatment.Results(1) The pain of scars and itching symptoms have basically subsided through treatment. (2) After drug injection treatment, the keloid began to shrink, some of the keloids disappeared. (3) Small keloids did not recur after treatment. Large keloids had local recurrence after treatment. When further treatment was given, the recurrence disappeared.ConclusionThe combined application of bleomycin and triamcin acetonide can effectively cure keloids and hypertrophic scars.
Havana's Transnational Gentrification: Highest and Best Use from Elsewhere
Authors: Jolivet Violaine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article addresses the two processes of market making and transnationalization in Havana through the lens of gentrification theory. Using a case study situated between Global South and East, this article looks more closely at transnational families and migrants as agents of gentrification in Havana, analysing how they create and exploit the rent‐gap. Returning to the central ideas of ‘highest and best use’ and ‘circulations’ in N. Smith's rent‐gap theory, I analyse how increased transnational mobility has affected the commodification and potential use of housing in Havana. Based on interviews with transnational owners who purchased housing to upgrade and convert into an Airbnb, this article shows how the “highest and best use” of a property is evaluated from elsewhere. It also demonstrates the complexities of transnational gentrification in a southern socialist city and insists on the need to understand more broadly the gentrification–migration nexus.