bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A threat‐intelligence driven methodology to incorporate uncertainty in cyber risk analysis and enhance decision‐making
Authors: Dekker Martijn , Alevizos Lampis 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe challenge of decision‐making under uncertainty in information security has become increasingly important, given the unpredictable probabilities and effects of events in the ever‐changing cyber threat landscape. Cyber threat intelligence provides decision‐makers with the necessary information and context to understand and anticipate potential threats, reducing uncertainty, and improving the accuracy of risk analysis. The latter is a principal element of evidence‐based decision‐making, and it is essential to recognize that addressing uncertainty requires a new, threat‐intelligence (TI) driven methodology, and risk analysis approach. We propose a solution to this challenge by introducing a TI‐based security assessment methodology and a decision‐making strategy that considers both known unknowns and unknown unknowns. The proposed methodology aims to enhance the quality of decision‐making by utilizing causal graphs, which offer an alternative to conventional methodologies that rely on attack trees, resulting in a reduction of uncertainty. Furthermore, we consider tactics, techniques, and procedures that are possible, probable, and plausible, improving the predictability of adversary behavior. Our proposed solution provides practical guidance for information security leaders to make informed decisions in uncertain situations. This paper offers a new perspective on addressing the challenge of decision‐making under uncertainty in information security by introducing a methodology that can help decision‐makers navigate the intricacies of the dynamic and continuously evolving landscape of cyber threats.
Monitoring and data‐informed approaches for the assessment of existing structures
Authors: Strauss Alfred , Bergmeister Konrad , Daró Paola , Mancini Giuseppe , Sattler Fabian , Bigaj‐van Vliet Agnieszka 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccurate information from monitoring of structures plays a critical role in making informed decisions regarding structural safety control and maintenance needs. Unfortunately, there are several gaps in the existing standards and the monitoring practices at local, national, and transnational (e.g., European) levels. The wide diversity of assets and their respective environments further complicates the development of standardized monitoring approaches. Despite the constantly increasing number of examples and intensive knowledge exchange on the use of information from inspection, testing, and monitoring to support the safety and risk assessment of existing structures, major challenges are being faced in establishing consensus on standardization in this domain. At the same time, the need for robust standardization that enables integrating structural monitoring with the assessment of existing structures is generally acknowledged by public authorities and industrial stakeholders. Extending the lifespan of structures to enhance sustainability is a critical imperative of our time and monitoring is expected to be key element of reliable service life extension of existing structures. However, development and adoption of new standards involve complex processes that require multi‐level dialogues, consensus, and commitment from political and industrial stakeholders to move forward from legacy procedures. The fib Model Code 2020 (MC2020) serves as a significant milestone in the development of new standards for monitoring and maintenance of concrete structures. It addresses the existing gaps in knowledge and seeks to close the gap between the practice and the standards with regard to the monitoring of structures. The important objectives of the MC2020 are to support the standardization bodies in formulating new standards in monitoring, maintenance, and safety of existing concrete structures. This paper presents the fundamental/basis for shaping the methodology of data‐driven assessment and the methodologies proposed in the ModelCode.
METTL3‐mediated m6A modification of pri‐miR‐148a‐3p affects prostate cancer progression by regulating TXNIP
Authors: Li Guoqiang , Liu Junwen , Wang Yinhuai , Liu Hanqi , Fu Jianhan , Zhao Yuanqiao , Huang Yanqing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveProstate cancer (PCa) severely affects men's health worldwide. The mechanism of methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) in affecting PCa development by regulating miR‐148a‐3p expression via N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification was investigated.MethodsMETTL3, miR‐148a‐3p, and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) levels were determined using RT‐qPCR and Western blotting. The m6A modification level of miR‐148a‐3p was observed by Me‐RIP assay. Bioinformatics website predicted miR‐148a‐3p and TXNIP levels in PCa and their correlation, and the binding site between them was verified by dual‐luciferase assay. The proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of PCa cells were examined by CCK‐8 assay, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry. A transplanted tumor model was established in nude mice to observe the tumor growth ability, followed by determination of TXNIP levels in tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry.ResultsMETTL3 interference restrained the proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted apoptosis of PCa cells. METTL3 up‐regulated miR‐148a‐3p by promoting the m6A modification of pri‐miR‐148a‐3p in PCa cells. miR‐148a‐3p overexpression nullified the inhibitory actions of silencing METTL3 on PCa cell growth. miR‐148a‐3p facilitated PCa cell growth by silencing TXNIP. METTL3 interference inhibited tumor growth by down‐regulating miR‐148a‐3p and up‐regulating TXNIP.ConclusionMETTL3 promoted miR‐148a‐3p by mediating the m6A modification of pri‐miR‐148a‐3p, thereby targeting TXNIP, interfering with METTL3 to inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells, promote apoptosis, and inhibit tumor growth in nude mice.
RETRACTED: Transcriptomic landscape of endothelial cells: Key tumor microenvironment components indicating variable clinical outcomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xie Peng , Tan Si‐Yuan , Li Hai‐Feng , Tang Hao‐Dong , Zhou Jia‐hua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEndothelial cells (ECs) present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibit significant diversity that may impact the efficacy of anti‐tumor treatments. Thus, our study sought to elucidate the various clusters of ECs present in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and explore their possible interactions and influence on clinical outcomes. We obtained single‐cell transcriptome data from 24 PDAC tumors and 11 normal pancreases, minimizing any batch effects between samples. Next, we compared the relative abundance of various ECs clusters across distinct sample types. Pseudo‐time analysis was employed to investigate the differentiation origin of ECs. A variety of bioinformatics methods were used to investigate potential communication between ECs and malignant cells, as well as assess metabolic changes, pathway alterations, and immune‐related markers expression within distinct EC clusters. Lastly, we investigated the impact of particular ECs clusters on patient prognosis in bulk transcriptome data. Our study identified seven distinct clusters of ECs, denoted as CA4+ ECs, MMP2+ ECs, SPP1+ ECs, MT1F+ ECs, CCL5+ ECs, RGS5+ ECs, and TYROBP+ ECs. Pseudo‐time analysis suggested that the loss of CA4+ ECs and MT1F+ ECs may promote malignant progression. Cell communication elucidated that MT1F+ ECs exhibited the strongest outgoing interaction strength, whereas RGS5+ ECs displayed the strongest incoming interaction strength. Furthermore, TYROBP+ ECs exhibited greater metabolic activity, and notably, CCL5+ ECs displayed increased expression of immune‐related molecules. Lastly, across cohorts of bulk transcriptome levels, CA4+ ECs, MT1F+ ECs, and RGS5+ ECs consistently demonstrated prognostic indicative effects. PDAC patients exhibit the presence of seven distinct EC clusters, each demonstrating significant metabolic and immunological heterogeneity. Targeted therapeutic approaches directed toward CA4+ ECs and MT1F+ ECs may prove advantageous in addressing challenges associated with PDAC treatment. Additionally, variations in the relative abundance of CA4+ ECs, MT1F+ ECs, and RGS5+ ECs were indicated as predictive of patient prognosis.
Circ_LRP6 facilitates osteosarcoma progression via the miR‐122‐5p/miR‐204‐5p/HMGB1 axis
Authors: Wang Guanghui , Wei Xiyuan , Gao Shan , Chen Wenheng , Geng Yang , Liu Jia , Guan Hongya 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCirc_LRP6 is participated in the occurrence and development of numerous tumors. Nevertheless, its roles and mechanism in osteosarcoma (OS) is unknown. This study aims to illustrate this point. With the use of qRT‐PCR, the level of circ_LRP6, miR‐122‐5p, miR‐204‐5p and HMGB1 was identified. To observe cell proliferation, migration and invasion, we adopted CCK‐8 and Transwell assays in the present study. Besides, to prove the existing interaction, bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase reporting assays were employed. The influence of circ_LRP6 on osteosarcoma in vivo was evaluated by subcutaneous tumor formation model in nude mice. In osteosarcoma tissues, circ_LRP6 and HMGB1 are strongly denoted, whereas miR‐122‐5p and miR‐204‐5p are under‐expressed. Circ_LRP6 knockdown could significantly hinder the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Circ_LRP6 hindered the proliferation of osteosarcoma in vivo. Bioinformatics predicted that miR‐122‐5p and miR‐204‐5p functioned as direct targets of circ_LRP6, and HMGB1 were possible target genes of miR‐122‐5p and miR‐204‐5p. The findings indicated that the low level of miR‐122‐5p and miR‐204‐5p and the overexpression of HMGB1 could partially restore and reduce the inhibitory impact of circ_LRP6 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Circ_LRP6 affects osteosarcoma progression via the miR‐122‐5p/miR‐204‐5p/HMGB1 axis, and is shown to be a molecular biomarker.
A new coupling of a GPU‐resident large‐eddy simulation code with a multiphysics wind turbine simulation tool
Authors: Taschner Emanuel , Folkersma Mikko , A Martínez‐Tossas Luis , Verzijlbergh Remco , van Wingerden Jan‐Willem 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe development of new wind farm control strategies can benefit from combined analysis of flow dynamics in the farm and the behavior of individual turbines within one simulation environment. In this work, we present such an environment by developing a new coupling between the large‐eddy simulation (LES) code GRASP and the multiphysics wind turbine simulation tool OpenFAST via an actuator line model (ALM). In addition, the implementation of the recently proposed filtered actuator line model (FALM) within the coupling is described. The new ALM implementation is cross‐verified with results from four other commonly used research LES codes. The results for the blade loads and the near wake obtained with the new coupling are consistent with the other codes. Deviations are observed in the far wake. The results further indicate that the FALM is able to reduce the lift and power overprediction from which the traditional ALM suffers on coarse LES grids. This new simulation environment paves the way for future wind farm simulations under realistic weather conditions by leveraging GRASP's ability to impose data from large‐scale meteorological models as boundary conditions.
Dewey, Existential Uncertainty and Non-affirmative Democratic Education
Authors: English Andrea R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, I show how John Dewey’s understanding of the educational meaning of existential uncertainty lies at the heart of his idea of democratic education. Specifically, I argue that Dewey’s theory of democratic education is grounded in a concept of transformative learning that necessarily involves experiences of existential uncertainty, and, in a concept of teaching that necessarily involves supporting learners’ opportunities to have educative experiences of existential uncertainty. In doing so, I aim to bring this democratic aspect of Dewey’s notion of teaching into sharper relief by showing how it offers a productive extension of the tradition ofnon-affirmativeeducational theory. In section one, “Uncertainty and the beginning of learning”, I discuss the notion of existential uncertainty and its relation to what Dewey called “the indeterminate situation” as a realm of learning that we find ourselves inprior tosearching for and finding a problem, and thus logically prior to solving it. In section two, “Existential uncertainty, teaching and democratic education”, I discuss Dewey’s notion of teaching within the context of his broader theory of democratic education, highlighting it as a form of teaching that is non-affirmative, by contrasting it to “traditional, transmissive” and, what I call, “reductive-progressive” forms of teaching. In the final section, “Listening and Relationality”, I build on and move beyond Dewey to formulate a notion of theteacher as a listener. I argue that this understanding of the teacher is vitally relevant for the theory and practice of democratic education as non-affirmative education, and yet is in danger of being lost in the current measurement culture in education.
Keeping matter in the loop in dS3 quantum gravity
Authors: Castro Alejandra , Coman Ioana , Fliss Jackson R. , Zukowski Claire 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We propose a mechanism that couples matter fields to three-dimensional de Sitter quantum gravity. Our construction is based on the Chern-Simons formulation of three-dimensional Euclidean gravity, and it centers on a collection of Wilson loops winding around Euclidean de Sitter space. We coin this object a Wilson spool. To construct the spool, we build novel representations of 𝔰𝔲(2). To evaluate the spool, we adapt and exploit several known exact results in Chern-Simons theory. Our proposal correctly reproduces the one-loop determinant of a free massive scalar field on S3 as GN → 0. Moreover, allowing for quantum metric fluctuations, it can be systematically evaluated to any order in perturbation theory.
Ensemble averaging in JT gravity from entanglement in Matrix Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Di Ubaldo Gabriele , Policastro Giuseppe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We consider the generalization of a matrix integral with arbitrary spectral curve ρ0(E) to a 0+1D theory of matrix quantum mechanics (MQM). Using recent techniques for 1D quantum systems at large-N, we formulate a hydrodynamical effective theory for the eigenvalues. The result is a simple 2D free boson BCFT on a curved background, describing the quantum fluctuations of the eigenvalues around ρ0(E), which is now the large-N limit of the quantum expectation value of the eigenvalue density operator $$ \hat{\rho}(E) $$

ρ
̂

E

.The average over the ensemble of random matrices becomes a quantum expectation value. Equal-time density correlations reproduce the results (including non-perturbative corrections) of random matrix theory. This suggests an interpretation of JT gravity as dual to a one-time-point reduction of MQM.As an application, we compute the Rényi entropy associated to a bipartition of the eigenvalues. We match a previous result by Hartnoll and Mazenc for the c = 1 matrix model dual to two-dimensional string theory and extend it to arbitrary ρ0(E). The hydrodynamical theory provides a clear picture of the emergence of spacetime in two dimensional string theory. The entropy is naturally finite and displays a large amount of short range entanglement, proportional to the microcanonical entropy. We also compute the reduced density matrix for a subset of n < N eigenvalues.
Moduli of relative stable maps to $$\mathbb {P}^1$$: cut-and-paste invariants
Authors: Kannan Siddarth 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study constructible invariants of the moduli space $$\hspace{0.83328pt}\overline{\hspace{-0.83328pt}\mathcal {M}\hspace{-0.83328pt}}\hspace{0.83328pt}(\varvec{x})$$

M

¯

(

x

)

of stable maps from genus zero curves to $$\mathbb {P}^1$$

P

1

, relative to 0 and $$\infty $$
∞
, with ramification profiles specified by $${\varvec{x}\in \mathbb {Z}^n}$$

x

∈

Z

n

. These spaces are central to the enumerative geometry of $$\mathbb {P}^1$$

P

1

, and provide a large family of birational models of the Deligne–Mumford–Knudsen moduli space $$\hspace{0.83328pt}\overline{\hspace{-0.83328pt}\mathcal {M}\hspace{-0.83328pt}}\hspace{0.83328pt}_{0,n}$$

M

¯

0
,
n

. For the sequence of vectors $$\varvec{x}$$

x

corresponding to maps which are maximally ramified over 0 and unramified over $$\infty $$
∞
, we prove that a generating function for the topological Euler characteristics of these spaces satisfies a differential equation which allows for its recursive calculation. We also show that the class $${[\hspace{0.83328pt}\overline{\hspace{-0.83328pt}\mathcal {M}\hspace{-0.83328pt}}\hspace{0.83328pt}(\varvec{x})] \in K_0(\textsf{Var}/\mathbb {C})}$$

[

M

¯

(

x

)

]

∈

K
0

(
Var
/
C
)

of the moduli space in the Grothendieck ring of varieties is constant as $$\varvec{x}$$

x

varies within a fixed chamber in the resonance decomposition of $$\mathbb {Z}^n$$

Z

n

. We conclude by suggesting several further directions in the study of these spaces, giving conjectures on (1) the asymptotic behavior of the Euler characteristic and (2) a potential chamber structure for the Chern numbers.
The evolving role of reduced-dose total skin electron beam therapy in skin malignancies: the renaissance of a rare indication
Authors: Elsayad Khaled , Eich Hans Theodor 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDefinitive radiation therapy is an effective local treatment for several cutaneous malignancies. Patients with diffuse or generalized skin manifestations might require total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) as an alternative treatment to the chasing technique. In this short communication, we highlight the evolving role of TSEBT and present its role in various forms of skin malignancies.
Genetics of diabetes-associated microvascular complications
Authors: Lyssenko Valeriya , Vaag Allan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDiabetes is associated with excess morbidity and mortality due to both micro- and macrovascular complications, as well as a range of non-classical comorbidities. Diabetes-associated microvascular complications are those considered most closely related to hyperglycaemia in a causal manner. However, some individuals with hyperglycaemia (even those with severe hyperglycaemia) do not develop microvascular diseases, which, together with evidence of co-occurrence of microvascular diseases in families, suggests a role for genetics. While genome-wide association studies (GWASs) produced firm evidence of multiple genetic variants underlying differential susceptibility to type 1 and type 2 diabetes, genetic determinants of microvascular complications are mostly suggestive. Identified susceptibility variants of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in type 2 diabetes mirror variants underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals without diabetes. As for retinopathy and neuropathy, reported risk variants currently lack large-scale replication. The reported associations between type 2 diabetes risk variants and microvascular complications may be explained by hyperglycaemia. More extensive phenotyping, along with adjustments for unmeasured confounding, including both early (fetal) and late-life (hyperglycaemia, hypertension, etc.) environmental factors, are urgently needed to understand the genetics of microvascular complications. Finally, genetic variants associated with reduced glycolysis, mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage and sustained cell regeneration may protect against microvascular complications, illustrating the utility of studies in individuals who have escaped these complications.
Graphical Abstract
Better post‐operative outcomes at 1‐year follow‐up are associated with lower levels of pre‐operative synovitis and higher levels of IL‐6 and VEGFA in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty patients
Authors: Tay Mei Lin , Bolam Scott M. , Monk A. Paul , McGlashan Sue R. , Young Simon W. , Matthews Brya G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeOsteoarthritis (OA) is associated with inflammation, and residual inflammation may influence outcomes following knee arthroplasty. This may be more relevant for patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) due to larger remaining areas of native tissue. This study aimed to: (1) characterise inflammatory profiles for medial UKA patients and (2) investigate whether inflammation markers are associated with post‐operative outcomes.MethodsThis prospective, observational study has national ethics approval. Bloods, synovial fluid, tibial plateaus and synovium were collected from medial UKA patients in between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2021. Cytokine and chemokine concentrations in serum and synovial fluid (SF) were measured with multiplexed assays. Disease severity of cartilage and synovium was assessed using validated histological scores. Post‐operative outcomes were measured with Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Forgotten Joint Score (FJS‐12) and pain scores.ResultsThe study included 35 patients. SF VEGFA was negatively correlated with pre‐operative pain at rest (r − 0.5, p = 0.007), and FJS‐12 at six‐week (r 0.44, p = 0.02), six‐month (r 0.61, p < 0.01) and one‐year follow‐up (r 0.63, p = 0.03). Serum and SF IL‐6 were positively correlated with OKS at early follow‐up (serum 6 weeks, r 0.39, p = 0.03; 6 months, r 0.48, p < 0.01; SF 6 weeks, r 0.35, p = 0.04). At six weeks, increased synovitis was negatively correlated with improvements in pain at rest (r − 0.41,p = 0.03) and with mobilisation (r − 0.37, p = 0.047).ConclusionLower levels of synovitis and higher levels of IL‐6 and VEGFA were associated with better post‐operative outcomes after UKA, which could be helpful for identifying UKA patients in clinical practice.Level of evidenceLevel IV case series.