bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of New Pyrazoline and Isoxazoline Derivatives Based on Fluorene
Authors: Rafid Saad Dawood  , Khetam Tareq Ahmed  
Published: April 2023

The aim of the present work is a synthesis of new fluorene derivatives containing heterocyclic moieties. These compounds were synthesized in four groups, each group containing five compounds. The first group was made up of 2-(3-aryl-2-propenoyl) fluorene derivatives (1a-e) synthesized from the reaction of 2-acetyl fluorene with appropriate aromatic aldehyde in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The other three groups involved compounds produced from the reaction of (1a-e) with hydrazine hydrate (99%) in presence of acetic acid (96%) to give 1-acetyl-5-aryl-3-(fluoren-2-yl) pyrazoline derivatives (2a-e), and with phenyl hydrazine in presence of piperidine to produce 1-phenyl-5-aryl-3-(fluoren-2-yl) pyrazoline derivatives (3a-e), and with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in presence of pyridine to obtain the 5-aryl-3-(fluoren-2-yl) oxazoline derivatives (4a-e). All the compounds of the above three groups were substituted at position (5) in pyrazoline and isoxazoline ring with different aryl groups according to aromatic aldehyde used in the preparation of the first group series compounds. The synthesized compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods: FT-IR and 1H-NMR
Synthesis, Spectral Investigation and Biological Studies of New Transition Metal Complexes with Flouren Drived Schiff-base ligand
Authors: Hasan A. Hasan  , Khaola M. Sultan  , Riyadh M. Ahmed  , Enaam I. Yousif  
Published: April 2023

The new Schiff-base ligand [H2L] 1-(9H-flouren-9-ylidene)-4-phenylthiosemicarbazide and its metal complexes with Mn(II),Co(II),Zn(II)andCd(II) are reported. The ligand derived from the condensation reaction of (4a,9a-Dihydro-flouren-9-one) with (4-phenylthiosemicarbazide) in mole ratio of 1:1. Upon complex formation, the ligand behaves as a dianionic bidentate species forming monomeric complexes of general formula [M(L)2] and [M(L)2(H2O)2] , (M=Mn(II), Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II). The modes of bonding and overall geometry of the complexes were determined through (FTIR, UV-Vis, 1H.NMR) along with elemental analysis, metal content, and conductance. These studies revealed octahedral geometry for the Mn(II) complex and tetrahedral for the Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes. Biological activity of the ligand and its metal complexes against gram positive bacterial strain Bacillus (G+) and gram negative bacteria Pseudomonase (G-) revealed that the metal complexes become less resistive to the microbial activities as compared to the free ligand.
Fabrication of Parabolic-trough concentration for solar water heating
Authors: Yaseen. H. Mahmood  
Published: April 2023

This paper presents the design fabrication Parabolic-trough solar water heating is a well-proven technology that directly substitutes renewable energy for conventional energy in water heating. In Two meters parabolic solar concentration has been fabricated to produce boiled water up to 100oC for the purpose of central heating services. The concentration is toward the sun light during the day time; by using a control circuit, The amount of the portable water was much dependent on the accurate focusing of the system which increases according to preheating. This system could therefore be used for heating water at home via increasing the temperature in hot tank by covering the hot water and isolating the tank from the surroundings.
Estimation of Salivary Resistin, malondialdehyde and Lipid Profile levels in patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Entedhar  R. Sarhat  , Rajaa  S. Najim  , Emad H. Abdulla  
Published: April 2023

The present study is designed to verify the changes of resistin, malondialdehyde (MDA), glucose and lipid profile in type2 diabetes mellitus.
This study was carried out during the period from November 2013 till January 2014, on 96 subjects: 57 diabetic patients (11 males and 46 females, aged between 33 and 60 years, with a mean age of 40.32) and 39 healthy controls (24 males and 15 females, aged between 40 and 59 years, with a mean age of 47.43), who attended :outpatient, Health care center, and Emergency Department in Tikrit Teaching Hospital.
The results showed a significant increase in the salivary glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) resistin, and MDA level in diabetic patients compared to controls, while significant decrease in salivary HDL in diabetic patients compared to controls.
Study of the Optical properties for CdS before and after irradiated by CO2 laser for different exposure times
Authors: Najat A. Dahham  
Published: April 2023

Cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin films were deposited on glass substrates using thermal vacuum evaporation technique at pressure (10-6) Torr at room temperature then samples irradiated by CO2 laser of power (1 watt) and wave length (10.6) μm at distance 10 cm from the source during different exposure times (3, 5, 10, 15) sec. The absorbance spectra was recorded using UV-visible spectrophotometer .Optical properties such as transmission , reflection ,absorption coefficient (α), optical band gap (Eg), extinction coefficient (K), refractive index (n), and complex dielectric constants (er&ei) were evaluated from absorbance spectra. The results shows that the laser irradiation cause increased in reflectance R, absorption coefficient a, the extinction coefficient K, the refractive index n and the real part and imaginary part of dielectric constant while irradiation cause decrease in the transmittance T and the value of the energy gap Eg.
Prevalence of infection with Trichomonas vaginalis in Tikreet city, Salah Al-Deen province
Authors: Fatima Shihab Al-Nasiri  
Published: April 2023

During the period from November 2008 till the end of February 2009, the present study was carried on. A total of 105 vaginal and uterine specimens, of married females attended Tikreet teaching Hospital and private laboratories in Tikreet city, was collected and examined. The examination results revealed that 24 women were infected (22.86%). The highest prevalence of infection (35.00%) was in the age group 16-20, with absence of infection in the women aged more than 41 year. It has been observed that the highest prevalence of infection (13.33%) was recorded in the illiterate women, and recorded lower prevalence of infection (0.95%) in women with higher academic achievement. Also, recorded the highest prevalence of infection in rural women (15.24%) compared with women in urban (7.62%). Also, in the present study noted a relationship between the infection with pregnancy and the number of children, the results show that the highest prevalence of infection (7.62%) were in the women without children, whereas the lower prevalence of infection (3.80%) were among the women have six children. Also, the highest prevalence of infection (20.00%) were in the women has not use contraception, compared with women used contraceptive materials. It has been observed the irritation and inflammation in the sites of infection with thick, yellowish-green and foul smell secretions with red blood cells, pus and epithelial cells.
The usage of different fertilizer type in same soil character ization improvements in Tikrit
Authors: Halla Arshad Ali  
Published: April 2023

This study included the effected of using different types of organic fertilizer in some soil chemical characterization productivity of okra plant. The experiment were designed according (R.C.B.D), with three replicates by using fertilizers remnants of cows and poultry, sludge were used. Three levels(10,20,40) ton/hectare were used in comparison with different levels of mineral fertilizer (150+115+115), (230+230+300), (460+460+600) Kg/hectare .This treatment resulted in reduction of soil organic materials, which approached 2.53% as compared with organic fertilizers and increased, phosphorus and potassium levels. While the sludge treatment increased organic material ,phosphorus and potassium over 40 ton/hectare, as well as in an increase in the plant chlorophil contents. This increase was approximately 3.52mg/g. In overall comparison between the various fertilizers, the sludge produced equal effect with the different mineral fertilizers levels.
Biological effect of alcohol extracts for oils of Cypress Cupressus sempervirens L. in the life performance of southern cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae).
Authors: Adil. A.  Hayder  
Published: April 2023

The effect of alcohol extracts twigs and cones (male and female) Cypress lime oils on different phases of southern cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) was carried out. The results showed the efficiency of both oils with significant effects on immature stages and adult emergence.
The Cypress cones extract oil was more effective than twigs oil extracts in activity in all treatments numbers. The rates of productivity and first generation (F1) reduction reached 34.96% and 87.22% respectively at 1.5% concentration compare with Cypress twigs oil extracts which reached 66.22% and 81.58% respectively. The all oil concentrations that used in this study did not all effect on the germination rates ranged between 80.00- 90.00% The superiority of the alcoholic extract oil cones cypress lime to reduce the percentage of the damage amounted to 31.11% as compared to alcohol oil extracts of its twigs and control treatment, which amounted to 44.66% and 99.66 - 99.33%, respectively and found significant differences in the ratios in the attraction and repellency responses. The Cypress twigs oil in different concentrations showed a superior repellency effect on insect. The highest average of individuals repellency reached 7.00 and 8.00 rates 70.00 and 80.00% with attractant rates13.30 and 20.30 % as it balance rates reached -33.00 and -60.00% after 15 and 30 minutes of treating reached maximum at 1.5%, while Cypress cones oil showed significant attractant effect, the concentration 1.5% recorded highest rates of attractant, the average of individuals attractant reached 5.00 and 7.66% rates 50.00 and 76.60% and repellent rates 13.30 and 16.60% as it balance rates reached + 36.67 and + 60.00 % after 15 and 30 minutes of treating .
Effect of Nitrogen Supplementation additives at Casing on the Productivity and Quality of the mushroom Agaricus bisporus
Authors: Abdullah A. Hassan  , Karkaz M. Thalij  , Jamal J. Ahmad  
Published: April 2023

This study aims to assay the effect of the separate supplementation with 1, 3 and 5% of (Erbil Feed, WAFI HOLAND, Lysine, Methionine, Ammonium Chloride and Calcium Nitrate) at casing on the productivity and quality of the mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Results indicated a significant increase in total production and biological efficiency. with treatment of 1% Erbil Feed. When total production increased from 21.68 kg / m2 in the control to 23.20 kg / m2 with this supplement. While the biological efficiency was increased from 72.26% to 77.33% with the same supplement. Treatment 1% of Erbil Feed was also recorded earliest production reached at 16 days after casing than controls at 18 days. The qualitative traits of 3% Methionine has recorded higher of total antioxidants contents at 1975 µg/ g dry weight comparison with control, which was 1572 µg/ g dry weight, as well as recording the 3% of Erbil Feed gave a higher protein contents 36.85% compared to the control treatment 22.36 %.
A comparative Study of the effect of Vitamin E and Zinc sulfate on Some Physiological and biochemical Parameters in the albino Rabbits males - orally vaccinated with Tramadol
Authors: Muneef Saab Ahmed Sachit Aljanabi  
Published: April 2023

This research aims at investigating the therapeutic effect of Vitamin E and Zinc sulfate on some physiological and biochemical parameters in the albino rabbits males orally vaccinated with Tramadol (75 mg/kg). After being vaccinated, the rabbits were anesthetized and dissected to take autopsies from their livers and kidneys. Samples of blood were taken and serum was ready for the physiological and biochemical tests. The results how that Tramadol has obvious negative effects on the rabbits. That is, the concentrations of the protein for the total albumin have decreased (p≤ 0.01), whereas the concentrations of the Cryglobulinemia increased 9in the rabbits vaccinated with Tramadol) compared with the control group. As for those vaccinated with only vitamin E and Zinc sulfate, the study shows that there is an increase in the protein concentration for the albumin, whereas Urea and Uric Acid in those vaccinated with Tramadol very high (p≤ 0.01), unlike those vaccinated with only vitamin E and Zinc sulfate in comparison with the controlling group. As for the liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, AST), their effectiveness has increased significantly in the serum of those vaccinated with Tramado to those vaccinated with only vitamin E and Zinc sulfate. The lipid profile was negatively affected in the rabbits vaccinated with Tramadol, that is, it is increased significantly (p≤ 0.01), except the lipid proteins of high density (HDL-C) in comparison with the controlling group. It has been noticed that sex hormones in the serum of those vaccinated with Tramadol (p≤ 0.01), in comparison with the controlling group, unlike those vaccinated with only vitamin E and Zinc sulfate, that is, they increased significantly in the serum in comparison with the controlling group.
A comparison between microscopical and ELISA technique in diagnosis of Giardia lamblia infection with epidemiological and biochemical study among Children under ten years in Tikrit District
Authors: Sinai Najy Muhsin  , Ibrahim Sh. Daoud  
Published: April 2023

The current study includes 644 stool samples of patients infected with diarrhea less than ten years old who are attended Tikrit Teaching Hospital from 1/12/2008 to 30/6/2009. Three methods are used for the examination of stool, the first one is the direct microscopical test. The number of samples which are tested are 55 with the percentage of 8.54%. The second is the floatation method with three solution[ Zinc Sulphate solution, Sucrose solution, and Sodium chloride solution] The number of samples which are tested by floatation method are 64 with the percentage of 9.94%. The third is ELISA method to detect parasite antigen in stool. The number of samples which are tested by this methods are 80 with the percentage of 12.42%. The results show there are significant difference between infected patients with giardiasis and the healthy persons group and for significant level 0.05<p in the mentioned tests. The study points out a decrease in both Hb, PCV and an increase in the rate of WBCc and ESR . The study point out a decrease in the rate of Ca++, Mg++, Na+, Tp, Chol. And Tri. and an increase in the rate concentration of GOT, GPT.
Suitability of Injana Clays for filling Materials
Authors: Mohammad Rashid Abood  
Published: April 2023

The study aims to evaluate suitability of injana formation clays for filling material in Sharqad area / North of Iraq, The exposed rocks are Fat’ha & Injana Formations in addition to Quaternary deposits. Three stations are studied in southern west limb of Khanuqa anticline near the north western plunge of this anticline, Geotechnical properties show that the type of soil are low plasticity (CL)and low plasticity silt(ML).The specific gravity values ranges between (2.65-2.72), the chemical analysis show that the ratio of total dissolved salts ranges between (3.9-5.2)% ,while the ratio of gypsum content ranges(2.7-3.0)%, pH values ranges between (7.8-8.0).In last the most geotechnical properties of Injana clays are accepted as filling materials for earth fill dams when compare with Iraq specification (Sorb/rs) except the ratio of (TDS) for stations,1&3.
Hydraulic characteristics of the groundwater aquifer in Al-Dhibaei Area South Tikrit
Authors: Saad Maulood Saab  , Sabbar Abdullah Salih  , Raad Hoobi Rzoqi  
Published: April 2023

In this study the ground water recharge was estimated, with studying the hydrological conditions Al-Dhubaei region which located 5 km to the southwest of Tikrit city. Depending on the data of Tikrit meteorological station, the averages monthly climatic elements (rainfall, temperature and evaporation) were studied for a period of (1989-2013), the average annual rainfall reached 166.72 mm, as well as the evaporation-transpiration rates were calculated using Thornthwait method. The water balance of the area was calculated and the results show that the ratio of water surplus were reached to 38.87% of the total annual rainfall, and the groundwater recharge equal to 4.66×106 m3/year.
Also, the hydrogeological study of the region show that the main bearing formations of groundwater represented by Injana formation and Quaternary deposits, which are Confined Aquifers, the hydraulic properties were studied, and pumping test data show that the Transmissibility (T) ranged between (55.3 to 1140.48) m2/day, while the Hydraulic Conductivity (K) ranged between (0.58 to 43.38) m/day. The ground water table map and flow net were drawn, and show that the flow in northwest of the study area takes two trends, to the northeast and to the northwest, but in the middle and south of the area the flow was to the southeast.
Measurement of the radiation pollution of radon in selected locations from Saladin Governorate by using the nuclear track detector
Authors: Sabah Mahmoud Aman Allah  , Saif Amer Mahdi  , Yassen Hameed Mahmoud  
Published: April 2023

The aim of present paper to find the contamination selected area in Salahdin governorate where the radon gas concentration elevated and they are :Al-Qadasaia quarter ,Hamad Shahab village (communication center in past),Al-douloyea town –Youths center, Dijala town ,samara city (in house garden) and finally in Beji city (communication tower) .In this study ,we had employed the trace detector of CR-39, the obtained results shows the radon concentration exceeds the permissible limits which issues by ICRP which is about 200 – 800 Bq/m3 while the concentration in Salah din governorate is - which refers to the high ratio of depleted Uranium all over the gubernator
Study the effect of Pitch size When the number of rings of the second air gaps on the dispersion profile of Photonic Crystal Fibers
Authors: Basira Q. Sulaiman  , Esam Sameen Ali  , Nihad Ali Shafeek  
Published: April 2023

The need for a fibre optics working in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum has led to the development of new kind of fibre optics called photonic crystal fibre (PCF).In this paper we have investigate the effect of the pitch distance Λ as a function of the wavelength for a single mode PCF. The results has indicated that for (Nr=2 , MNr=1 , Λ=1.2 , d/Λ=0.5) this design has a dispersion of (-37ps/nm/km) at λ=0.8µm and a dispersion of (-30 ps /nm/km) at λ=1.31µm and a dispersion of( 1.10ps/nm/km) at λ= 1.55µm .This design has a flat dispersion for a wavelength range of (0.95 µm, in addition to that, this model has (3ZDW) in the dispersion curve. P
Study the Mechanical Properties of (Al-Cu-Mg) Matrix Composites Reinforced by Alumina Particles
Authors: Abdullah M. Ali  
Published: April 2023

The aim of the present research is studying the mechanical properties of composites matrix fabricated of aluminum (Al-4.5%Cu-1.5%Mg) by cast and to proceeding the heat treatment solution from different temperatures 500oC, 525oC and 550oC for different times 2hr and 4hr, and then proceeding the requil hardness (HBR), Therefore we conducted the optimum value from the alloy basic (A) at the temperature 550oC for 6hr time.
Also we prepared the matrix composite reinforced by alumina (Al2O3) with different percentage weight (1.5%-2.5%) and three different particles sizes (75µm≥63µm≥53µm≥0.1µm) which named as (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2) according to their weight and size percentages, and then proceeding the heat treatment solution and official ageing about them at the temperature degree 550oC for 2hr and4hr.
Mechanical tests like hardness and Tensile resistance were conducted all of them reached that the composite material (A2) in which there weight and size percentages are 2.5% and ≥0.1µm have upper values of these test's, accordingly we concluded that the reduce particles means increased its rigidity, toughness and solidity.
Finally the microstructures tests shows that the prepared composites materials have small size as compared with microstructure of the basic cast alloys and the distribution of alumina particles was fairly homogeneous in the basic allot, also we showed that the heat treatment solutions and official ageing are affected at these composite materials and alloys.
Study The effect of Annealing and Argon Laser Irradiation on the some optical properties of CuO Thin film
Authors: Zuheer Naji Majeed  
Published: April 2023

In this research the effect of annealing and Argon Laser Irradiation on some optical properties of CuO thin films have been done. Thin films were prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis technique . The thickness of films was 1000 A°. Optical properties such as Reflectance, Energy band gap and Absorption coefficient as a function of photon energy have been studied within the wavelength range of (300-900) nm, using UV-visible Spectrophotometer, before and after annealing and irradiation. It is found that the optical properties are changed.
DOPING EFFECT BY (Cu , Zn) ON SOME OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOSTRUCTURED (CdS) THIN FILM
Authors: ABDUL MAJEED E. IBRAHEEM  , RAID N.RZOKI  , MOHAMMED T. SABBAR  
Published: April 2023

In this paper thin films of CdS dopped with Cu and Zn and that mixed with (10, 20%) has been prepared using the Chemical spray pyrolysis Technique deposited on 350ºC glass substrates, The optical properties of these films have been measured in the rang(300-900)nm/wavelength, We Transmittance , Absorpttance, Energy gap , and Absorption coefficient, have been calculated
Study the Doping Effect of Lead(Pb) on the Optical Properties of Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) Thin Films.
Authors: Abdul-Majeed E.Ibrahim  , Raid A.Ismail  , Wattban N. Nada  
Published: April 2023

The optical properties of pure and doped Cadmium Sulfide thin films have been stadied in the present work. Cadimum Sulfide can be doped by the Lead of (5%,10%,15%,20%) which prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis technique were deposited on (350ºC) glass substrates. The optical properties– Trasmittance (T), Absorbtance (A), Energy band gap (Eg), Absorption coefficient(α) and Extinction Coefficient (ko) - within wave length range (330-1100)nm. The cadmium sulfide (pure) thin flims were found to exhibit hight trnsmittance abute (82-86)%, the transmittance decreases with the increasing the doped ratio by the lead(Pb).The direct band gap energy of films decreases from (2.40eV) for the pure thin films to (2.35,2.31,2.25,2.19 eV) for the doped by lead at (5%,10%,15%,20%).