bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Markovian control of quantum entanglement
Authors: Daeichian Abolghasem , Mirzaee Mehdi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Expanding utilization of entangled states in quantum technologies, such as quantum information, is a motivating force of developing new methods for enhancement and stabilization of quantum entanglement. This study focuses on using asymmetric lawsto control the entangled states of a quantum systemconsistingof two atoms, each confined in a cavity.The effect of asymmetry laws has been explored in three different scenarios. First, the effect of an asymmetric drive Hamiltonian on a closed quantum system, in which neither the cavity nor the atoms exhibit losses, is studied. Here, the eigenvalues and eigenstates of the total system Hamiltonian have been obtained and the time evolution of the system state has been derived. Also, the fidelity of the system in terms of the asymmetric drive Hamiltonian has been derived analytically. In the second scenario, the stationary solution of an open quantum system, which includes losses in a master equation approach, is derived and the concurrence is studied in terms of the asymmetric drive Hamiltonian and coupling constant. The last scenario is devoted to applying feedback rulesto an open quantum system where some heuristic feedback control laws have been proposed. The simulation results show the concurrence boosting in a larger range of driving field and feedback strength when applying the introduced feedback rules.
Certain Volterra-type integral equations involving some special functions
Authors: Samar Chander Prakash , Saxena Hemlata 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the solution of certain Volterra-Type integral equations including S-function, Mittag-Leffler function with six parameters and generalized Mittag-Leffler function

E

∝
,
β
,
v
,
σ
,
ɤ
,
p

μ
,
δ
,
b
,
q

(
z
)

respectively. The solutions of these Volterra-Type integral equations are obtained by the method of Laplace transform. Also obtained the Laplace transform of S-function, Mittag-Leffler function of six parameters and generalized Mittag-Leffler function. Some known and new results are also obtained in special cases. A number of results involving special functions can be obtained by giving particular values for parameters in S-function. The results obtained are useful in applied science, engineering and technology.
Dark energy from a geometrical gauge scalar-tensor theory of gravity
Authors: Madriz Aguilar José Edgar , Montes M , Bernal A 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper we obtain some cosmological solutions that describe the present period of accelerating expansion of the Universe in the framework of a geometrical gauge scalar-tensor theory of gravity. The background geometry in the model is the Weyl integrable and we found a class of power law solutions for the Weyl scalar field when an invariant metric is employed in a power law expanding universe. We obtain a deceleration and an equation of state parameters (EoS) in agreement with PLANCK 2018 observational data for some specific parameters of the model. The deceleration parameter tends asymptotically to −1/2 and the phantom divide line can be crossed by the EoS parameter in this model.
Link stability analysis of temporal international fertilizer trade networks
Authors: Li Mu-Yao , Wang Li , Xie Wen-Jie , Zhou Wei-Xing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fertilizer availability is crucial for global food security, and international fertilizer trade plays a vital role in reallocating fertilizers across multiple economies. However, the stability of international fertilizer trade relationships between economies has not been studied. Using 29 year records of the global fertilizer trade from 1990 to 2018, we construct three temporal networks linked to three primary nutrients (nitrogen N, phosphorus P2O5, and potash K2O). After introducing the link stability indicator to the international fertilizer trade system, which shows a very strong positive correlation with whether the trade will continue in the future, we analyze the factors influencing the stability of the fertilizer trade and provide advice for trading participants to establish highly stable transactions. The supply side has a greater impact on the stability of the fertilizer trade than the demand side. For exporting economies, stable exports need to focus on the counterparty’s real demand rather than its economic situation. For importing economies, intermediaries and producers with good economic conditions are stable trading partners, and trade that is geographically closer is always more stable. The methodology used for link stability analysis in this work can be applied to analyzing other directed temporal networks.
Diel, seasonal, and inter-annual variation in carbon dioxide effluxes from lakes and reservoirs
Authors: Golub Malgorzata , Koupaei-Abyazani Nikaan , Vesala Timo , Mammarella Ivan , Ojala Anne , Bohrer Gil , Weyhenmeyer Gesa A , Blanken Peter D , Eugster Werner , Koebsch Franziska , Chen Jiquan , Czajkowski Kevin , Deshmukh Chandrashekhar , Guérin Frederic , Heiskanen Jouni , Humphreys Elyn , Jonsson Anders , Karlsson Jan , Kling George , Lee Xuhui , Liu Heping , Lohila Annalea , Lundin Erik , Morin Tim , Podgrajsek Eva , Provenzale Maria , Rutgersson Anna , Sachs Torsten , Sahlée Erik , Serça Dominique , Shao Changliang , Spence Christopher , Strachan Ian B , Xiao Wei , Desai Ankur R 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Accounting for temporal changes in carbon dioxide (CO2) effluxes from freshwaters remains a challenge for global and regional carbon budgets. Here, we synthesize 171 site-months of flux measurements of CO2 based on the eddy covariance method from 13 lakes and reservoirs in the Northern Hemisphere, and quantify dynamics at multiple temporal scales. We found pronounced sub-annual variability in CO2 flux at all sites. By accounting for diel variation, only 11% of site-months were net daily sinks of CO2. Annual CO2 emissions had an average of 25% (range 3%–58%) interannual variation. Similar to studies on streams, nighttime emissions regularly exceeded daytime emissions. Biophysical regulations of CO2 flux variability were delineated through mutual information analysis. Sample analysis of CO2 fluxes indicate the importance of continuous measurements. Better characterization of short- and long-term variability is necessary to understand and improve detection of temporal changes of CO2 fluxes in response to natural and anthropogenic drivers. Our results indicate that existing global lake carbon budgets relying primarily on daytime measurements yield underestimates of net emissions.
Building a bridge: characterizing major anthropogenic point sources in the South African Highveld region using OCO-3 carbon dioxide snapshot area maps and Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI nitrogen dioxide columns
Authors: Hakkarainen Janne , Ialongo Iolanda , Oda Tomohiro , Szeląg Monika E , O’Dell Christopher W , Eldering Annmarie , Crisp David 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we characterize major anthropogenic point sources in the South African Highveld region using Orbiting Carbon Observatory-3 (OCO-3) Snapshot Area Map (SAM) carbon dioxide (CO2) and Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) nitrogen dioxide (NO2) observations. Altogether we analyze six OCO-3 SAMs. We estimate the emissions of six power stations (Kendal, Kriel, Matla, Majuba, Tutuka and Grootvlei) and the largest single emitter of greenhouse gas (GHG) in the world, Secunda CTL synthetic fuel plant. We apply the cross-sectional flux method for the emission estimation and we extend the method to fit several plumes at the same time. Overall, the satellite-based emission estimates are in good agreement (within the uncertainties) as compared to emission inventories, even for the cases where several plumes are mixed. We also discuss the advantages and challenges of the current measurement systems for GHG emission monitoring and reporting, and the applicability of different emission estimation approaches to future satellite missions such as the Copernicus CO2 Monitoring Mission (CO2M) and the Global Observing SATellite for GHGs and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW), including the joint analysis of CO2 and NO2 observations.
Dimensional reduction of the Dirac theory
Authors: Angelone Giuliano , Ercolessi Elisa , Facchi Paolo , Lonigro Davide , Maggi Rocco , Marmo Giuseppe , Pascazio Saverio , Pepe Francesco V 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We perform a reduction from three to two spatial dimensions of the physics of a spin-

1
2

fermion coupled to the electromagnetic (EM) field, by applying Hadamard’s method of descent. We consider first the free case, in which motion is determined by the Dirac equation, and then the coupling with a dynamical EM field, governed by the Dirac–Maxwell equations. We find that invariance along one spatial direction splits the free Dirac equation in two decoupled theories. On the other hand, a dimensional reduction in the presence of an EM field provides a more complicated theory in

2
+
1

dimensions, in which the method of decent is extended by using the covariant derivative. Equations simplify, but decoupling between different physical sectors occurs only if specific classes of solutions are considered.
On signed multiplicities of Schur expansions surrounding Petrie symmetric functions
Authors: Cheng Yen-Jen , Chou Meng-Chien , Eu Sen-Peng , Fu Tung-Shan , Yao Jyun-Cheng 
Published: February 2023

For

k
≥
1

k\ge 1

, the homogeneous symmetric functions

G
(
k
,
m
)

G(k,m)

of degree

m
m

defined by

∑

m
≥
0

G
(
k
,
m
)

z
m

=

∏

i
≥
1

(

1
+

x
i

z
+

x
i
2

z
2

+
⋯
+

x
i

k
−
1

z

k
−
1

)

\sum _{m\ge 0} G(k,m) z^m=\prod _{i\ge 1} \big (1+x_iz+x^2_iz^2+\cdots +x^{k-1}_iz^{k-1}\big )

are called Petrie symmetric functions. As derived by Grinberg and Fu–Mei independently, the expansion of

G
(
k
,
m
)

G(k,m)

in the basis of Schur functions

s

λ

s_{\lambda }

turns out to be signed multiplicity free, i.e., the coefficients are

−
1

-1

,

0
0

and

1
1

. In this paper we give a combinatorial interpretation of the coefficient of

s

λ

s_{\lambda }

in terms of the

k
k

-core of

λ
\lambda

and a sequence of rim hooks of size

k
k

removed from

λ
\lambda

. We further study the product of

G
(
k
,
m
)

G(k,m)

with a power sum symmetric function

p
n

p_n

. For all

n
≥
1

n\ge 1

, we give necessary and sufficient conditions on the parameters

k
k

and

m
m

in order for the expansion of

G
(
k
,
m
)
⋅

p
n

G(k,m)\cdot p_n

in the basis of Schur functions to be signed multiplicity free. This settles affirmatively a conjecture of Alexandersson as the special case

n
=
2

n=2

.
Towards an Aesthetics of Archery
Authors: Bianchi Enea 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This article discusses the relationship between archery and aesthetics, developing two central claims. First, in order to deliver successful results, the archer should attend not only to efficiency, technique and equipment tuning but also to the aesthetic experience; second, archery shooting methods embody and express ‘life-issue’ statements and desires concerning our relationship with the world. Depending on the archer’s shooting style, i.e., depending on the way in which a shot is executed and performed, the archer’s ‘sportive philosophy’ is, so to speak, unfolded and made apparent. Specifically, I will argue that instinctive archery strives for flexibility and versatility toward the environment and with respect to one’s own body, whereas non-instinctive approaches sharpen effectuality and results by flattening the surroundings and limiting one’s own performative freedom. Exploring this idea, I will discuss the aesthetic underpinnings of archery, also showing in which ways different shooting methods lay the ground for irreducible aesthetic experiences of self-expression.
Reading Finnis and Aquinas on Justice as the Evaluative Standard for Positive Law
Authors: Popović Petar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Justice is known to be an emblematic legal-philosophical criterion that forms part of the evaluative point of law for several prominent authors (such as Robert Alexy and Gustav Radbruch) who advocate that the nature of law is dual, namely, that law has at the same time an evaluative and descriptive nature. John Finnis, a proponent of a contemporary natural-law theory of law who supports a maximalist or full-range approach regarding the aspects of human good, acknowledges the legal importance of the requirement for justice. However, Finnis seems to conceptualize justice as a subset of what he deems the main evaluative standard within the nature of law—practical reasonableness. In this article, I argue that Finnis’s account of law and justice may be fruitfully upgraded by an emphasis on Thomas Aquinas’s texts that highlight the virtue of justice and its object, the juridical phenomenon (ius), as the central evaluative standard and the ideal end of positive law. I also show how a greater emphasis on justice is ultimately compatible with the role of practical reasonableness in explaining the nature of law.
Comparison of living-donor lobar lung transplantation and cadaveric lung transplantation for pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Kayawake Hidenao , Tanaka Satona , Yamada Yoshito , Baba Shiro , Kinoshita Hideyuki , Yamazaki Kazuhiro , Ikeda Tadashi , Minatoya Kenji , Yutaka Yojiro , Hamaji Masatsugu , Ohsumi Akihiro , Nakajima Daisuke , Date Hiroshi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOBJECTIVESLiving-donor lobar lung transplantation (LDLLT) is a life-saving procedure for critically ill patients with various lung diseases, including pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, there are concerns regarding the development of heart failure with pulmonary oedema after LDLLT in which only 1 or 2 lobes are implanted. This study aimed to compare the preoperative conditions and postoperative outcomes of LDLLT with those of cadaveric lung transplantation (CLT) in PH patients.METHODSBetween 2008 and 2021, 34 lung transplants for PH, including 12 LDLLTs (5 single and 7 bilateral) and 22 bilateral CLTs, were performed. Preoperative variables and postoperative outcomes were retrospectively compared between the 2 procedures.RESULTSBased on the preoperative variables of less ambulatory ability (41.7% vs 100%, P &lt; 0.001), a higher proportion of World Health Organization class 4 (83.3% vs 18.2%, P &lt; 0.001) and higher mean pulmonary artery pressure (74.4 vs 57.3 mmHg, P = 0.040), LDLLT patients were more debilitated than CLT patients. Nevertheless, hospital death was similar between the 2 groups (8.3% vs 9.1%, P &gt; 0.99, respectively). Furthermore, the 5-year overall survival rate was similar between the 2 groups (90.0% vs 76.3%, P = 0.489).CONCLUSIONSAlthough LDLLT patients with PH had worse preoperative conditions and received smaller grafts than CLT patients, LDLLT patients demonstrated similar perioperative outcomes and prognoses as CLT patients. LDLLT is a viable treatment option for patients with PH.
Trends in and relations between children’s health-related behaviors pre-, mid- and post-Covid
Authors: de Bruijn Anne G M , te Wierike Sanne Cornelia Maria , Mombarg Remo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundCovid-19 has had a major negative impact on children’s engagement in health-related behaviors. This study examines trends in children’s screen time, outdoor play and sports club membership in pre- (2016–19), mid- (2020–21) and post- (2021–22) Covid years. Also, predicting factors (gender, age and active commuting) of these health-related behaviors are examined.MethodsData were collected via yearly self-report questionnaires among pupils in Grades 3–6 (mean age 10.14 ± 1.25 years; total n over the five cohorts = 6351, 50.8% girls). Multilevel path models were constructed in Mplus to examine whether children’s screen time, outdoor play and sports club membership differed between pre-, mid- and post-Covid years; and which factors predicted engagement in these health-related behaviors (using data of all cohorts).ResultsDuring and after Covid-19, children’s screen time was higher, while they engaged less in outdoor play and were less often member of a sports club than before. Although these negative trends peaked during Covid-19, they slowly seem to be returning to pre-Covid levels in recent year. Younger children, girls and active commuters had less minutes screen time per day and played outdoors more days per week; boys and active commuters were more often sports club member.ConclusionsAlthough in the first year post-Covid children seem to be engaging more in health-related behaviors than during Covid-19, we still found lower levels of engagement than in the years before Covid-19, underlining the importance of early intervention to ensure an appropriate amount of engagement in health-related behaviors for all children.
HIV treatment, antiretroviral adherence and AIDS mortality in people who inject drugs: a scoping review
Authors: Uusküla Anneli , Feelemyer Jonathan , Des Jarlais Don C 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
People who inject drugs (PWID) are a key population for the prevention and care of HIV infection.

Methods
This scoping review covers recent (post-2010) systematic reviews on engagement of PWID in sequential stages of HIV care from uptake, to achieving viral suppression, and to avoiding AIDS-related mortality.

Results
We found that data on engagement of PWID into antiretroviral therapy (ART) were particularly scarce, but generally indicated very low engagement in ART. Studies of adherence and achieving viral suppression showed varying results, with PWID sometimes doing as well as other patient groups. The severity of social, medical and psychiatric disability in this population poses significant treatment challenges and leads to a marked gap in AIDS mortality between PWID and other population groups.

Conclusions
Given the multi-level barriers, it will be difficult to reach current targets (UNAIDS fast-track targets of 95–95–95) for ART for PWID in many locations. We suggest giving priority to reducing the likelihood that HIV seropositive PWID will transmit HIV to others and reducing morbidity and mortality from HIV infection and from other comorbidities.
Importance and mechanisms ofS-adenosylmethionine and folate accumulation in sake yeast
Authors: Kanai Muneyoshi , Mizunuma Masaki , Fujii Tsutomu , Iefuji Haruyuki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSake yeasts have a range of brewing characteristics that are particularly beneficial for sake making including high ethanol fermentability, high proliferative capacity at low temperatures, lactic acid tolerance, and high ester productivity. On the other hand, sake yeasts also accumulate a diverse range of functional components. For example, significantly greater accumulation of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a compound that plays important regulatory roles in a range of biological processes as a major donor of methyl groups, occurs in sake yeasts compared to other microorganisms. Significantly greater accumulation of folate, a bioactive water-soluble vitamin (vitamin B9), also occurs in sake yeasts compared to laboratory yeasts, and the methyl group on SAM is supplied by folate. Accordingly, fully characterizing ‘sake yeast identity’ requires detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying both the nutritional characteristics (functional components) and the brewing characteristics in sake yeasts. Therefore, this mini-review focuses on the accumulation of SAM and folate in sake yeast including descriptions of the genes known to contribute to SAM and folate accumulation and the underlying mechanisms.
CRISPR/Cas9 editing of the polygalacturonaseFaPG1gene improves strawberry fruit firmness
Authors: López-Casado Gloria , Sánchez-Raya Cristina , Ric-Varas Pablo D , Paniagua Candelas , Blanco-Portales Rosario , Muñoz-Blanco Juan , Pose Sara , Matas Antonio J , Mercado Jose A 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFirmness is one of the most important fruit quality traits in strawberries. The postharvest shelf life of this soft fruit is highly limited by the loss of firmness, where cell wall disassembly plays an important role. Previous studies demonstrated that the polygalacturonase FaPG1 has a key role in remodelling pectins during strawberry softening. In this study, FaPG1 knockout strawberry plants have been generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system delivered via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Ten independent lines, cv. “Chandler”, were obtained, and all of them were successfully edited as determined by PCR amplification and T7 endonuclease assay. The targeted mutagenesis insertion and deletion rates were analyzed using targeted deep sequencing. The percentage of edited sequences varied from 47% up to almost 100%, being higher than 95% for seven of the selected lines. Phenotypic analyses showed that 7 out of the eight lines analyzed produced fruits significantly firmer than the control, ranging from 33 to 70% increase in firmness. There was a positive relationship between the degree of FaPG1 editing and the rise in fruit firmness. Minor changes were observed in other fruit quality traits, such as colour, soluble solids, titratable acidity or anthocyanin content. Edited fruits showed a reduced softening rate during postharvest, displayed a reduced transpirational water loss, and were less damaged by Botrytis cinerea inoculation. The analysis of four potential off-target sites revealed no mutation events. In conclusion, editing the FaPG1 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system is an efficient method for improving strawberry fruit firmness and shelf life.
‘I Did Digital Tidying up for a More Adult Stage of Life’: Ritualistic Technology Appropriations During Life Transitions
Authors: Wolf Sara , Mörike Frauke , Löffler Diana , Hurtienne Jörn 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLife transitions, such as the transition from childhood to adulthood, are often accompanied by meaning-making actions such as rituals. Rituals increasingly involve the use of interactive technology. While previous research has focused on specific contexts or technologies, a bird’s eye view of the many appropriation styles during life transitions is missing. To identify the range of technology’s appropriations, we analysed stories from 84 participants and compared these across different life transitions and technologies. We identified three roles interactive technology can play during life transitions: the role of (i) a facilitator easing the accomplishment of tasks within life transitions, (ii) an enabler creating opportunities for new transition rituals and (iii) a social actor that itself is the trigger or the content of transition rituals. We propose the three roles as a classification scheme to structure existing and future research and reflect on the design challenges and evaluation approaches.