bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mixed-Methods Study of the Experiences of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color MSW Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Maglalang Dale Dagar , Harris Abril N , Tucker Ty B , Parchment Tyrone M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Few studies have explored the experiences of Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) MSW students during the pandemic. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to examine the experiences of BIPOC MSW students in a predominantly white institution in the Northeast during the pandemic and how it affected their mental health. Findings presented were drawn from 29 students who participated in online surveys and focus groups. About 69% of our sample experienced psychological distress, with higher proportions among those who identified as Latine/Latinx, womxn, straight, first-generation, full-time and part-time students, and clinical students. Qualitative findings highlighted three main themes: (1) the experiences and needs of white MSW students were prioritized, (2) inconsistencies in the response to the pandemic forced students to advocate for themselves in their classes and field placements, and (3) virtual learning provided a reprieve for students from experiencing racism that helped improve their perceived well-being. Findings indicate that MSW programs need to commit to acknowledging how systemic racism affects the learning experiences of BIPOC MSW students, work toward dismantling these oppressive structures, and allocate resources that center the health and well-being of BIPOC students and their lived experiences.
Recovery Capital Correlates With Less Methamphetamine Use and Crime in the Community
Authors: Bormann Nicholas L. , Weber Andrea N. , Miskle Benjamin , Arndt Stephan , Lynch Alison C. 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
Reentry postcorrectional involvement is a high-risk time for patients with a history of addiction. We investigated whether participation in an addiction medicine clinic with active case management led to improvements in patients' recovery capital and whether there were associated changes in criminal activity and co-occurring methamphetamine or alcohol use.

Methods
Participants (n = 136) were patients with an opioid or stimulant use disorder who had Department of Corrections involvement in the preceding year, who completed the Assessment of Recovery Capital (ARC) and reported criminal activity and days of methamphetamine or alcohol use twice over a 6-month study. Three logistic regression models were used to assess changes in total ARC with criminal activity, alcohol use, and methamphetamine use over the previous 30 days.

Results
Baseline mean (SD) ARC scores were 34.1 (11.1) and increased to a mean (SD) score of 40.3 (9.4) at study end. A 1-SD shift in ARC was significantly protective across outcomes, with adjusted odds ratios of 0.32, 0.18, and 0.34 for any past 30-day criminal activity, alcohol use, or methamphetamine use. There was no significant difference in baseline ARC, crimes committed, days of alcohol use, or days of methamphetamine use for study completers versus noncompleters; however, unmeasured confounders may have had a differential impact on retention.

Conclusions
Recovery capital provides an additional framework to help address patients' substance use and criminal activity in a multifaceted way, which is especially important in the postincarceration community. Recovery capital is dynamic and has multiple areas to target psychosocial interventions.
Dorsal Impaction Injuries of the Distal Radius: Operative Technique Through Dorsal Approach to the Wrist
Authors: Labrum Joseph T. , Moreno Diaz Andres F. , Davis Max E. , Yong Taylor M. , Obremskey William T. 
Published: July 2023

Summary:
Distal radius fractures vary widely in fracture pattern and displacement. Impaction injuries involving the dorsal articular surface of the distal radius can present challenges when anatomic reduction and fixation is attempted through a standard volar approach. Dorsal approach to the distal radius can provide direct visualization of these fracture patterns, greatly facilitating anatomic reduction and stabilization. In this technique video, surgical approach, fracture reduction, and operative fixation of a dorsally impacted, intra-articular distal radius fracture through a dorsal approach is presented. Low-profile dorsal plating can be a safe and effective technique in treating amenable distal radius fractures, with satisfactory radiographic and clinical outcomes. Although this technique provides excellent exposure and facilitates anatomic reduction, surgeons should be aware of associated risks of wrist stiffness and extensor tendon irritation and select low-profile constructs to mitigate these risks.
Acute Total Hip Replacement for Geriatric Acetabular Fracture: Anterior Intrapelvic Approach + Posterolateral Approach
Authors: Solasz Sara , Ganta Abhishek , Egol Kenneth A. , Konda Sanjit R. 
Published: July 2023

Summary:
This review describes the indications and technique for acute total hip arthroplasty in an incomplete both-column acetabular fracture in a geriatric patient.
Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis Using Hybrid Plate–Nail Constructs: A Novel Technique for Treatment of Unstable Ankle and Hindfoot Deformities
Authors: Smith Carson J. , Skinner William C. , Bettin Clayton C. 
Published: July 2023

Summary:
Tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) arthrodesis is a treatment option for several pathologies of the ankle and hindfoot, including acute trauma, posttraumatic arthritis, and Charcot neuroarthropathy. Traditional fixation options for TTC arthrodesis include intramedullary hindfoot nailing or internal fixation with plates and/or screws. In certain patients, either due to poor bone quality, impaired sensation, or concern for noncompliance, more robust fixation may be desired. In such patients, we have used a hybrid plate–nail construct with promising results. This article and the accompanying video demonstrate our technique for TTC arthrodesis using a plate–nail construct and review treatment decisions involved with management of these complex cases.
Prognostic Factors of Function in Nonoperatively Treated Radial Head Fractures – A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Pelet Stéphane , Hardy Alexandre , Tremblay Félix , Lechasseur Benoît , Rivard-Cloutier Maude 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To identify patient-related factors and fracture characteristics influencing the functional outcomes of non-operatively treated radial head fractures and to determine function at one year.

Design:
Prospective cohort study

Setting:
Academic level 1 trauma center

Patients/Participants:
Consecutive isolated radial head fractures fitting the inclusion criteria between May 2013 and July 2016.

Intervention:
Nonoperative treatment of isolated radial head fractures.

Outcome measurements:
Logistic regressions between potential prognostic factors and function assessed with the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score and Range of Motion (ROM) at 1.5-3-6-12 months.

Results:
114 patients were included (78% Mason I [OTA/AO 2R1B1], 20% Mason II [OTA/AO 2R1B3] and 2% Mason III [OTA/AO 2R1C3]). Mean MEPS and DASH score at the last follow-up were excellent [96.4 ± 7.6 and 3.7 ± 8.6] with respectively 79.8% and 92.7% of satisfactory results. Depressive symptoms at injury baseline (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology > 5) are a constant predictor of unsatisfactory function (MEPS <90 or DASH >17]). Older age and female sex were all linked to worse function at the first follow-ups (p <0.05), whereas lower socioeconomic class and receiving financial compensations were associated to unsatisfactory function at 1-year (p <0.05).

Conclusions:
While most non-operatively treated radial head fractures heal with excellent function, some patients still exhibit unsatisfactory results at 1-year. Symptoms of depression at injury baseline are a constant and significant predictor of unsatisfactory function. Early detection of depressive symptoms would allow interventions that may optimize function.
Navigated Hybrid Open/Muscle-sparing Approach to 2-level Cement Augmentation of the UIV and UIV+1 for Prevention of Proximal Junctional Failure
Authors: Goodarzi Amir , Arora Ayush , Burch Shane , Clark Aaron J. , Theologis Alekos A. 
Published: July 2023

Study Design:
Operative video and supplemental manuscript.

Objective:
To present a cement augmentation technique of the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) and UIV+1 for prevention of proximal junctional fractures (PJFs) in multi-level thoracolumbar posterior instrumented fusions.

Summary of Background Data:
PJFs are unfortunately a common occurrence after multi-level thoracolumbar instrumented fusions to the pelvis for adult spinal deformity that can result in significant functional disability and often require costly revision operations. As such, their prevention is key.

Methods:
A surgical video illustrates the nuances of a 2-level cement augmentation technique, consisting of an open vertebroplasty of the UIV through fenestrated screws and a muscle-sparing kyphoplasty of the UIV+1.

Results:
Utility of performing an open vertebroplasty of the UIV through fenestrated screws and muscle-sparing kyphoplasty of the UIV+1 lies in its ability to minimize soft-tissue disruption at the adjacent segment while providing additional structural support to the anterior column at this high-risk zone.

Conclusions:
Cement augmentation of the UIV and UIV+1 consisting of a hybrid open vertebroplasty and muscle-sparing kyphoplasty can be an effective strategy to decrease the incidence of PJF after multi-level posterior thoracolumbar instrumented fusions to the pelvis for adult spinal deformity.
Scoliosis in Adolescent Patients With Down Syndrome
Authors: Egea-Gámez Rosa M. , Galán-Olleros María , Martínez-Caballero Ignacio , Ramírez-Barragán Ana , Serrano Jose I. , Palazón-Quevedo Ángel , González-Díaz Rafael 
Published: July 2023

Study Design:
This is a retrospective, observational comparative study.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to determine whether a relationship exists between the functional level and spinal deformity in patients with Down syndrome (DS).

Summary of Background Data:
Patients with DS have a higher incidence of scoliosis than the general population; however, it is unknown whether functional level influences the characteristics and severity of the deformity.

Materials and Methods:
Of 649 patients with DS included in a pediatric referral center database, we identified 59 with a diagnosis of scoliosis (59.32% female; mean age, 14.19±1.82 y); the 46 patients who met the inclusion criteria comprised the study cohort. According to their functional gait skills and gross motor skills, they were classified into 2 levels. Different coronal and sagittal parameters were measured using full-spine standing radiographs. The need for surgical treatment and history of thoracotomy were recorded as well. Finally, a multivariate association analysis was performed between radiologic parameters and functional level.

Results:
Twenty-two patients had a functional level consistent with level I and 24 with level II. Twelve curves were thoracic, 10 thoracolumbar, and 24 lumbar. A statistically significant relationship was found between functional level I and II and curve magnitude: 18.9 degrees (6.8) versus 36.9 degrees (20.3) (P=0.001) with a cutoff point at 22.3 degrees (area under the curve=0.919, P<0.005, sensitivity=0.917 and specificity=0.818). The relationship between patients who required surgery and level II was also significant (P=0.016). No relationship was found between functional level and coronal and sagittal balance, nor with other radiologic parameters or with curve location, or between the history of thoracotomy and thoracic curves.

Conclusions:
DS adolescents with poorer functional level were associated with larger curves and greater risk for surgery. These findings may provide valuable guidance for the follow-up of scoliosis in patients with DS based on their functional level.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective comparative study.
Causes of Death Among Medical ICU Patients With Pneumonia Due to COVID-19 in a Safety-Net Hospital
Authors: Cannizzo Joseph P. , Chai Audrey L. , Do Christopher T. , Wilson Melissa L. , Liebler Janice M. , Huerta Luis E. 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVES:
We sought to identify the primary causes of death of adult patients admitted to the medical ICU with symptomatic COVID-19 who ultimately suffered in-hospital mortality over the span of three major waves of COVID-19: Wild-type, alpha/epsilon, and delta.

DESIGN:
Retrospective single-center cohort study from March 2020 to December 2021.

SETTING:
One medical ICU in a 600-bed Tertiary Care Hospital in Los Angeles, CA.

PATIENTS:
Adult (n = 306) ICU patients admitted with symptomatic COVID-19 who suffered in-hospital mortality.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MAIN RESULTS:
Of the 306 patients with COVID-19 who died in the hospital, 86.3% were Hispanic/Latino. The leading cause of death was respiratory failure, occurring in 57.8% of patients. There was no significant change in the rate of pulmonary deaths across the three waves of COVID-19 in our study period. The mean time from symptom onset to admission was 6.5 days, with an average hospital length of stay of 18 days. This did not differ between pulmonary and other causes of death. Sepsis was the second most common cause of death at 23.9% with a significant decrease from the wild-type wave to the delta wave. Among patients with sepsis as the cause of death, 22% (n = 16) were associated with fungemia. There was no significant association between steroid administration and cause of death. Lastly, the alpha/epsilon wave from December 2020 to May 2021 had the highest mortality rate when compared with wild-type or delta waves.

CONCLUSIONS:
We found the primary cause of death in ICU patients with COVID-19 was acute respiratory failure, without significant changes over the span of three waves of COVID-19. This finding contrasts with reported causes of death for patients with non-COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome, in which respiratory failure is an uncommon cause of death. In addition, we identified a subset of patients (5%) who died primarily due to fungemia, providing an area for further investigation.
Tumor immune microenvironment-modulated nanostrategy for the treatment of lung cancer metastasis
Authors: Zhu Lingling , Wu Juan , Gao Honglin , Wang Ting , Xiao Guixiu , Hu Chenggong , Lin Qing , Zhou Qinghua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
As one of the most malignant tumors worldwide, lung cancer, fueled by metastasis, has shown rising mortality rates. However, effective clinical strategies aimed at preventing metastasis are lacking owing to its dynamic multi-step, complicated, and progressive nature. Immunotherapy has shown promise in treating cancer metastasis by reversing the immunosuppressive network of the tumor microenvironment. However, drug resistance inevitably develops due to inadequate delivery of immunostimulants and an uncontrolled immune response. Consequently, adverse effects occur, such as autoimmunity, from the non-specific immune activation and non-specific inflammation in off-target organs. Nanocarriers that improve drug solubility, permeability, stability, bioavailability, as well as sustained, controlled, and targeted delivery can effectively overcome drug resistance and enhance the therapeutic effect while reducing adverse effects. In particular, nanomedicine-based immunotherapy can be utilized to target tumor metastasis, presenting a promising therapeutic strategy for lung cancer. Nanotechnology strategies that boost the immunotherapy effect are classified based on the metastatic cascade related to the tumor immune microenvironment; the breaking away of primary tumors, circulating tumor cell dissemination, and premetastatic niche formation cause distant secondary site colonization. In this review, we focus on the opportunities and challenges of integrating immunotherapy with nanoparticle formulation to establish nanotechnology-based immunotherapy by modulating the tumor microenvironment for preclinical and clinical applications in the management of patients with metastatic lung cancer. We also discuss prospects for the emerging field and the clinical translation potential of these techniques.
Non-coding RNAs: a promising target for early metastasis intervention
Authors: Xiao Yi , Hu Yijun , Liu Shanrong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Metastases account for the overwhelming majority of cancer-associated deaths. The dissemination of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant organs involves a complex process known as the invasion–metastasis cascade. The underlying biological mechanisms of metastasis, however, remain largely elusive. Recently, the discovery and characterization of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have revealed the diversity of their regulatory roles, especially as key contributors throughout the metastatic cascade. Here, we review recent progress in how three major types of ncRNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs) are involved in the multistep procedure of metastasis. We further examine interactions among the three ncRNAs as well as current progress in their regulatory mechanisms. We also propose the prevention of metastasis in the early stages of cancer progression and discuss current translational studies using ncRNAs as targets for metastasis diagnosis and treatments. These studies provide insights into developing more effective strategies to target metastatic relapse.
The role of insurance status in the association between short-term temperature exposure and myocardial infarction hospitalizations in New York State
Authors: Flores Nina M. , Do Vivian , Rowland Sebastian T. , Casey Joan A. , Kioumourtzoglou Marianthi A. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and its risk increases with extreme temperatures. Climate change causes variability in weather patterns, including extreme temperature events that disproportionately affect socioeconomically disadvantaged communities. Many studies on the health effects of extreme temperatures have considered community-level socioeconomic disadvantage.

Objectives:
To evaluate effect modification of the relationship between short-term ambient temperature and MI, by individual-level insurance status (insured vs. uninsured).

Methods:
We identified MI hospitalizations and insurance status across New York State (NYS) hospitals from 1995 to 2015 in the New York Department of Health Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database, using International Classification of Diseases codes. We linked short-term ambient temperature (averaging the 6 hours preceding the event [MI hospitalization]) or nonevent control period in patient residential zip codes. We employed a time-stratified case-crossover study design for both insured and uninsured strata, and then compared the group-specific rate ratios.

Results:
Over the study period, there were 1,095,051 primary MI admissions, 966,475 (88%) among insured patients. During extremely cold temperatures (<5.8 °C) insured patients experienced reduced rates of MI; this was not observed among the uninsured counterparts. At warmer temperatures starting at the 65th percentile (15.7 °C), uninsured patients had higher rates than insured patients (e.g., for a 6-hour pre-event average temperature increase from the median to the 75th percentile, the rate of MI increased was 2.0% [0.0%–4.0%] higher in uninsured group).

Conclusions:
Uninsured individuals may face disproportionate rates of MI hospitalization during extreme temperatures.
Pharmacological interactions and menopausal hormone therapy: a review
Authors: Fasero Maria , Quereda Francisco , Andraca Leire , Coronado Pluvio J. ,   HT Eligibility Criteria Group
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Importance and Objective
Menopausal hormone therapy (HT) is widely used, and there are several statements of international scientific societies to guide prescribers; however, a summary of existing literature about possible drug interactions with HT does not exist, although many midlife women take medications for other conditions. Therefore, our objective was to create a document that presents and synthesizes the most relevant interactions. The impact of the interaction itself and the number of candidates for HT who are likely to use other treatments are considered based on the best available evidence.

Methods
A systematic review was performed to determine the best evidence of interaction effects on relevant outcomes of interest for decision making. A working framework was developed to formulate explicit and reasoned recommendations according to four predefined categories for coadministration: (1) can be used without expected risks, (2) acceptable use (no evidence of negative interaction), (3) alternative treatment should be considered, and (4) nonuse without express justification. The project protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework platform (doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/J6WBC) and in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020166658).

Results
Studies targeting our objective are scarce, but 23 pharmacological groups were assigned to one of the predefined categories of recommendation for concomitant use of HT. Vaginal HT was assigned to category 1 for 21 of the analyzed pharmacological groups. For oral and transdermal HT (estrogen-only or combined) and tibolone, there were 12 pharmacological groups assigned to category 1, 12 to category 2, 5 to category 3, and 4 to category 4. Results are shown in crossed-tables that are useful for counseling and prescription.

Discussion and conclusions
Available evidence of HT interactions with other drugs is scarce and mainly indirect. It comes from biological plausibility, knowledge of extensive concomitant use without reported incidents, and/or extrapolation from hormonal contraception, but there are pharmacological groups in all categories showing that information is useful. These eligibility criteria summarize it and can help in the decision process of HT coadministration with other drugs. Decisions should be taken based on these recommendations but also individualized risk/benefit evaluation, according to underlying pathology, patient's clinical requirements, and the existence or nonexistence of alternatives.
RETINAL DIALYSIS AND ASSOCIATED RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT IN PATIENTS WITH NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE 1: A CASE SERIES
Authors: Shah Ronak M. , Vora Robin A. , Patel Amar P. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
Although ophthalmic manifestations of neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), including iris Lisch nodules and optic gliomas, have been well described, retinal involvement in these patients has yet to be established. Characterizing the relationship between NF1 and the retina is necessary to optimize outcomes for these patients.

Methods:
Independent chart review of NF1 patients was conducted.

Results:
Chart review yielded four patients, with a history of NF1, with subsequent retinal dialysis and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. These four patients presented to our institution with a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment secondary to a retinal dialysis with no history of trauma. These patients also demonstrated hyperreflective choroidal abnormalities on near-infrared reflectance imaging and optical coherence tomography.

Conclusion:
Seeing that patients diagnosed with NF1 are susceptible to various ocular manifestations and pathological abnormalities, routine ophthalmic examinations are essential in maintaining their ocular health and minimizing morbidity.