bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extremal Structure of Projective Tensor Products
Authors: García-Lirola Luis C. , Grelier Guillaume , Martínez-Cervantes Gonzalo , Rueda Zoca Abraham 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe prove that, given two Banach spaces X and Y and bounded, closed convex sets $$C\subseteq X$$

C
⊆
X

and $$D\subseteq Y$$

D
⊆
Y

, if a nonzero element $$z\in {\overline{{{\,\textrm{co}\,}}}}(C\otimes D)\subseteq X\widehat{\otimes }_\pi Y$$

z
∈

co

¯

(
C
⊗
D
)

⊆
X

⊗
^

π

Y

is a preserved extreme point then $$z=x_0\otimes y_0$$

z
=

x
0

⊗

y
0

for some preserved extreme points $$x_0\in C$$

x
0

∈
C

and $$y_0\in D$$

y
0

∈
D

, whenever $$K(X,Y^*)$$

K
(
X
,

Y
∗

)

separates points of $$X \widehat{\otimes }_\pi Y$$

X

⊗
^

π

Y

(in particular, whenever X or Y has the compact approximation property). Moreover, we prove that if $$x_0\in C$$

x
0

∈
C

and $$y_0\in D$$

y
0

∈
D

are weak-strongly exposed points then $$x_0\otimes y_0$$

x
0

⊗

y
0

is weak-strongly exposed in $${\overline{{{\,\textrm{co}\,}}}}(C\otimes D)$$

co

¯

(
C
⊗
D
)

whenever $$x_0\otimes y_0$$

x
0

⊗

y
0

has a neighbourhood system for the weak topology defined by compact operators. Furthermore, we find a Banach space X isomorphic to $$\ell _2$$

ℓ
2

with a weak-strongly exposed point $$x_0\in B_X$$

x
0

∈

B
X

such that $$x_0\otimes x_0$$

x
0

⊗

x
0

is not a weak-strongly exposed point of the unit ball of $$X\widehat{\otimes }_\pi X$$

X

⊗
^

π

X

.
Dynamic Crack Growth in Viscoelastic Materials with Memory
Authors: Cianci Federico 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper we introduce a model of dynamic crack growth in viscoelastic materials, where the damping term depends on the history of the deformation. The model is based on a dynamic energy dissipation balance and on a maximal dissipation condition. Our main result is an existence theorem in dimension two under some a priori regularity constraints on the cracks.
High degree of consensus on diagnosis and management of rotator cuff tears: a Delphi approach
Authors: Saccomanno Maristella F. , Lisai Andrea , Romano Alfonso Maria , Vitullo Andrea , Pannone Antonello , Spoliti Marco , Di Giunta Angelo C. C. , Castricini Roberto , Giordano Matthew C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo develop a consensus on diagnosis and treatment of rotator cuff tears. The study focused on selected areas: imaging, prognostic factors, treatment options, surgical techniques.MethodsPanel was composed of all members of the shoulder committee of the Italian Society of Arthroscopy, Knee, Upper arm, Sport, Cartilage and Orthopedic techniques (SIAGASCOT). Four rounds were performed. The first round consisted of gathering questions which were then divided into seven blocks referring to: imaging, patient‐related prognostic factors, treatment options, surgical steps, reparative techniques, surgical predictive factors, advanced techniques. Subsequent rounds consisted of condensation by means of online questionnaire and debates. Consensus was defined as two‐thirds agreement on one answer. Descriptive statistic was used to summarize the data.ResultsForty‐one shoulder experts were involved. Fifty‐six statements were finally formulated. A consensus could be achieved on 51. Experts agreed that preoperative magnetic resonance imaging is strongly recommended because it allows a careful evaluation of tear characteristics, while the role of US remains debatable. Controversial patient‐related factors such as age, comorbidities, smoking and stiffness do not contraindicate the repair. From a surgical standpoint, the experts highlighted that pseudo‐paralysis is not a contraindication to rotator cuff repair. Consensus on specific surgical steps was also achieved: capsular release should be performed only in stiff shoulders; footprint preparation is mandatory, while debridement of tendon edges is not essential. If necessary, a rotator interval release could be performed without interrupting the continuity between subscapularis and supraspinatus tendon; posterior delamination should be always included in the repair. Advanced techniques such as tendon transfers should be selected based on the main clinical deficit, while the superior capsule reconstruction plays a role only in combination with a functional repair.ConclusionA consensus was achieved almost on every topic of controversy explored. Particularly, MRI was deemed necessary to determine tear characteristics, while radiographs remain important for differential diagnosis; age should not be considered a contraindication to surgery; pseudo‐paralysis does not represent a contraindication to arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, but superior capsule reconstruction plays a role only in combination with a functional repair. Latissimus dorsi transfer plays a role when the main functional deficit is in elevation, while the lower trapezius transfer plays a role when the main functional deficit is the external‐rotation.Level of evidenceV.
Computational study of the adamantane cation: simulations of spectroscopy, fragmentation dynamics, and internal conversion
Authors: Roy Bonasree , Titov Evgenii , Saalfrank Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDiamondoids, of which adamantane (C$$_{10}$$

10

H$$_{16}$$

16

) is the simplest representative, constitute an intriguing class of carbon based nanomaterials with interesting chemical, mechanical and opto-electronic properties. While neutral diamondoids have been extensively studied for decades, their cationic counterparts were a subject of recent experimental investigations motivated by their potential role in astrochemistry. Here, we perform a computational study of the adamantane cation (C$$_{10}$$

10

H$$_{16}^+$$

16

+

) complementing the recent experimental findings. Specifically, we extend earlier theoretical work on vibrationally resolved electronic spectroscopy by accounting for the higher lying electronically excited states of the cation in the absorption and photoelectron spectra. We also perform adiabatic and nonadiabatic (surface hopping) molecular dynamics simulations to study (fast) fragmentation processes and electronic relaxation of C$$_{10}$$

10

H$$_{16}^+$$

16

+

. Our simulations reveal that after excitation with near-infrared–ultraviolet photons, the adamantane cation undergoes an ultrafast internal conversion to the ground (doublet) state (on a time scale of 10–100 fs depending on initial excitation energy) which can be followed by a fast fragmentation, predominantly H loss. The yield of the ultrafast hydrogen dissociation as a function of excitation energy is reported.
Clinical outcome following magnetic resonance imaging as first-line imaging in low-impact pediatric spine trauma: a single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Sirén Aapo , Nyman Mikko , Syvänen Johanna , Mattila Kimmo , Hirvonen Jussi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Pediatric spinal trauma is rare, but the consequences of a missed injury can be devastating. Medical imaging is often needed in addition to physical examination. Conventional radiographs are widely recommended, but their negative predictive value is limited. Computed tomography (CT) is more sensitive but has a higher radiation dose. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has superior soft tissue contrast and lacks ionizing radiation, but it is more expensive and time-consuming. Thus, the debate regarding the most suitable imaging method is still ongoing.

Objective
This study examined the ability of MRI to exclude injuries requiring surgical treatment as a first-line imaging method in low-impact pediatric spine trauma.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and imaging data of children (under 18 years old) who had suspected spinal trauma and were scanned using MRI in our emergency radiology department over a period of 8 years. We assessed the ability of MRI to detect unstable injuries by searching for later occurrences of primarily missed injuries requiring surgery.

Results
Of 396 patients (median age 12 years, range 0–17), 114 (29%) had MRI findings suggesting an acute injury. Bony injuries were detected in 78 patients (20%) and ligamentous or other soft tissue injuries in 82 patients (21%). In the subgroup of 376 patients (median age 12 years, range 0–17) with at least 6 months of clinical follow-up, no missed injuries demanding surgical intervention or immobilization occurred after spinal MRI as first-line imaging. No adverse events related to MRI or anesthesia occurred.

Conclusion
MRI can detect injuries requiring surgical treatment as a first-line imaging method in suspected low-impact pediatric spinal trauma and is safe to use in this selected population.

Graphical abstract
Left fourth and sixth costovertebral dislocation abutting the aorta
Authors: Gorelik Natalia , Croteau Dany , Gorelik Valérie , Casullo Joseph 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile rib fractures are common in blunt thoracic trauma, dislocations of the costovertebral joints (CVJs) are extremely rare and typically involve the first, eleventh, or twelfth rib. We report a rare case of dislocation of the left fourth and sixth CVJs in a 36-year-old man who was run over by a car. The rib heads were displaced anteriorly, abutting the aorta. Additional injuries included bilateral hemopneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, pulmonary contusions, grade 3 splenic injury, left adrenal hematoma, retroperitoneal hematoma, Morel-Lavallée lesions at bilateral hips, and multiple fractures, including at the ribs and pelvis. There was also a fracture of the fourth thoracic vertebral body, which was occult on initial CT, but seen on subsequent CTs. The CVJ dislocations were managed conservatively, without short-term complications. Prompt surgical intervention has been recommended in cases where sharp rib fracture fragments are displaced close to the aorta to prevent fatal aortic injuries. However, there is a literature gap on the management of rib heads that are dislocated against the aorta. Our experience suggests that conservative management may be acceptable in some of these cases. This case report aims to increase radiologists’ awareness of CVJ injuries, which are important for thoracic spine stability, and highlights the association between CVJ dislocations and spinal injuries.
Melanoma-derived soluble mediators modulate neutrophil biological properties and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps
Authors: Modestino Luca , Cristinziano Leonardo , Trocchia Marialuisa , Ventrici Annagioia , Capone Mariaelena , Madonna Gabriele , Loffredo Stefania , Ferrara Anne Lise , Romanelli Marilena , Simeone Ester , Varricchi Gilda , Rossi Francesca Wanda , de Paulis Amato , Marone Gianni , Ascierto Paolo Antonio , Galdiero Maria Rosaria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPolymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are the main effector cells in the inflammatory response. The significance of PMN infiltration in the tumor microenvironment remains unclear. Metastatic melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer with an increasing incidence over the last few decades. This study aimed to investigate the role of PMNs and their related mediators in human melanoma. Highly purified human PMNs from healthy donors were stimulated in vitro with conditioned media (CM) derived from the melanoma cell lines SKMEL28 and A375 (melanoma CM), and primary melanocytes as controls. PMN biological properties (chemotaxis, survival, activation, cell tracking, morphology and NET release) were evaluated. We found that the A375 cell line produced soluble factors that promoted PMN chemotaxis, survival, activation and modification of morphological changes and kinetic properties. Furthermore, in both melanoma cell lines CM induced chemotaxis, activation and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) from PMNs. In contrast, the primary melanocyte CM did not modify the biological behavior of PMNs. In addition, serum levels of myeloperoxidase, matrix metalloprotease-9, CXCL8/IL-8, granulocyte and monocyte colony-stimulating factor and NETs were significantly increased in patients with advanced melanoma compared to healthy controls. Melanoma cell lines produce soluble factors able to “educate” PMNs toward an activated functional state. Patients with metastatic melanoma display increased circulating levels of neutrophil-related mediators and NETs. Further investigations are needed to better understand the role of these “tumor-educated neutrophils” in modifying melanoma cell behavior.
Neurosurgical management of non-spastic movement disorders
Authors: McEvoy Sean D. , Limbrick David D. , Raskin Jeffrey Steven 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Non-spastic movement disorders in children are common, although true epidemiologic data is difficult to ascertain. Children are more likely than adults to have hyperkinetic movement disorders defined as tics, dystonia, chorea/athetosis, or tremor. These conditions manifest from acquired or heredodegenerative etiologies and often severely limit function despite medical and surgical management paradigms. Neurosurgical management for these conditions is highlighted.

Methods
We performed a focused review of the literature by searching PubMed on 16 May 2023 using key terms related to our review. No temporal filter was applied, but only English articles were considered. We searched for the terms ((“Pallidotomy”[Mesh]) OR “Rhizotomy”[Mesh]) OR “Deep Brain Stimulation”[Mesh], dystonia, children, adolescent, pediatric, globus pallidus, in combination. All articles were reviewed for inclusion in the final reference list.

Results
Our search terms returned 37 articles from 2004 to 2023. Articles covering deep brain stimulation were the most common (n = 34) followed by pallidotomy (n = 3); there were no articles on rhizotomy.

Discussion
Non-spastic movement disorders are common in children and difficult to treat. Most of these patients are referred to neurosurgery for the management of dystonia, with modern neurosurgical management including pallidotomy, rhizotomy, and deep brain stimulation. Historically, pallidotomy has been effective and may still be preferred in subpopulations presenting either in status dystonicus or with high risk for hardware complications. Superiority of DBS over pallidotomy for secondary dystonia has not been determined. Rhizotomy is an underutilized surgical tool and more study characterizing efficacy and risk profile is indicated.
Optical coherence tomography-guided versus angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in acute coronary syndrome: a meta-analysis
Authors: Macherey-Meyer S. , Meertens M. M. , Heyne S. , Braumann S. , Tichelbäcker T. , Wienemann H. , Mauri V. , Baldus S. , Adler C. , Lee S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is standard of care in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) suitable for interventional revascularization. Intracoronary imaging by optical coherence tomography (OCT) expanded treatment approaches adding diagnostic information and contributing to stent optimization.

Objectives
This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of OCT-guided vs. angiography-guided PCI in treatment of ACS.

Methods
A structured literature search was performed. All controlled trials evaluating OCT-guided vs. angiography-guided PCI in patients with ACS were eligible. The primary end point was major adverse cardiac events (MACE).

Results
Eight studies enrolling 2612 patients with ACS were eligible. 1263 patients underwent OCT-guided and 1,349 patients angiography-guided PCI. OCT guidance was associated with a 30% lower likelihood of MACE (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.53–0.93, p = 0.01, I2 = 1%). OCT-guided PCI was also associated with significantly decreased cardiac mortality (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25–0.96, p = 0.04, I2 = 0%). There was no detectable difference in all-cause mortality (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.51–2.31, p = 0.83, I2 = 0). Patients in OCT-guided group less frequently required target lesion revascularization (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.07–0.95, p = 0.04, I2 = 0%). Analysis of myocardial infarction did not result in significant treatment differences. In subgroup or sensitivity analysis the observed advantages of OCT-guided PCI were not replicable.

Conclusion
The evidence suggests that PCI guidance with OCT in ACS decreases MACE, cardiac death and target lesion revascularization compared to angiography. On individual study level, in subgroup or sensitivity analyses these advantages were not thoroughly replicable.
Feasibility and outcome of third-generation transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with extra-large aortic annulus
Authors: Hof Alexander , Wienemann Hendrik , Veulemans Verena , Ludwig Sebastian , Rudolph Tanja Katharina , Geißen Simon , Kuhn Elmar , Eghbalzadeh Kaveh , Bleiziffer Sabine , Zeus Tobias , Sedaghat Alexander , Schofer Niklas , Baldus Stephan , Adam Matti , Mauri Victor 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Many patients in need for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) present with an aortic annulus size larger than recommended by the manufacturer’s instructions for use (IFU).

Aims
To investigate procedural and short-term safety and efficacy of TAVI in patients with extra-large annuli (ELA).

Methods
30-day clinical outcome and valve performance as defined by VARC 3 of 144 patients with an aortic annulus size exceeding the permitted range were compared to a propensity-score matched control cohort of patients with an aortic annulus size consistent with the IFU.

Results
Area and perimeter was 730.4 ± 53.9 mm2 and 96.7 ± 6.5 mm in the ELA group. Technical (96.5% vs. 94.4%) and device success (82.3% vs. 84.5%) were comparable in patients with ELA (annulus area 730.4 ± 53.9 mm2) and matched controls (annulus area 586.0 ± 48.2 mm2). There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality rate, major intraprocedural complications, type 3 or 4 bleedings, major vascular complications, or stroke. Moderate paravalvular leakage (PVL) occurred more frequent in the ELA group (8.9% vs 2.2%; p = 0.02). The rate of new pacemaker implantation was 7.0% in the ELA cohort and 15.0% in the control cohort, respectively (p = 0.05).

Conclusion
Treatment of ELA patients with third-generation TAVI prostheses is feasible and safe, providing similar device success and complication rates as in matched controls with regular-sized aortic annulus. Post-interventional pacemaker implantation rates were low compared to the control group, yet incidence of moderate PVL remains problematic in ELA patients.
Spina bifida, the normal, the pathological and the in-between: first evidence from a forensic osteological collection
Authors: Manso Maria Torres , Matos Vitor M. J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Spina bifida (SB), a rare congenital disorder, is often mentioned as an individualizing factor in Forensic Anthropology. A lack of empirical data regarding SB is noticed in the scientific literature. Moreover, within the scope of anthropological research on SB disparities in terminology, classification systems, and methodological approaches result in incomparable results. The wide range (1,2%-50%) of “spina bifida occulta” reported prevalences is a good example. This research aims to analyze and debate the standard diagnostic criteria of SB on human skeletal remains, and attempts to elaborate on an universal system, premised on the distinction between SB as a pathology, and cleft neural arch (CNA) as an anatomical variant, according to Barnes (1994, p. 360 [1). A study-base of 209 individuals (88 males; 121 females; 44–99 years old) from the 21st Century Identified Skeletal Collection from the University of Coimbra (CEI/XXI) was macroscopically analyzed, focusing on the sacrum and remaining vertebrae. Four individuals presented complete posterior opening of the sacral canal (2,6%[4/156]). The observed bone changes, combined with the analysis of the entire skeleton, indicate that CNA, rather than SB linked to a neural tube defect, is the most reliable explanation for these cases. Overall, CNA was observed on 11 skeletons (7.05% of 156). The viability and applicability of the developed methodology for the identification of SB/CNA in forensic and/or osteological contexts are discussed, as well as the possibility of a lower prevalence of SB occulta, in the general population, than speculated before.

Highlights
• Spina bifida has been studied so far under different methodologies, classification systems and nomenclature, leading to unstandardized and incomparable data.
• Spina bifida as a pathological manifestation of a neural tube defect, as opposed to cleft neural arch as a simple form of skeletal variation.
• Both spina bifida and complete sacral cleft fit the criteria of an individualizing trait in Forensic Anthropology.
Acquired bilateral facial palsy: a systematic review on aetiologies and management
Authors: Molinari Giulia , Lucidi Daniela , Fernandez Ignacio Javier , Barbazza Alice , Vanelli Elena , Lami Federico , Federici Gaia , Botti Cecilia , Presutti Livio , D’Angelo Roberto , Rinaldi Rita , Alicandri-Ciufelli Matteo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
To systematically review the published cases of bilateral facial palsy (BFP) to gather evidence on the clinical assessment and management of this pathology.

Methods
Following PRISMA statement recommendations, 338 abstracts were screened independently by two authors. Inclusion criteria were research articles of human patients affected by BFP, either central or peripheral; English, Italian, French or Spanish language; availability of the abstract, while exclusion criteria were topics unrelated to FP, and mention of unilateral or congenital FP. Only full-text articles reporting the diagnostic work-up, the management, and the prognosis of the BFP considered for further specific data analysis.

Results
A total of 143 articles were included, resulting a total of 326 patients with a mean age of 36 years. The most common type of the paralysis was peripheral (91.7%), and the autoimmune disease was the most frequent aetiology (31.3%). The mean time of onset after first symptoms was 12 days and most patients presented with a grade higher than III. Associated symptoms in idiopathic BFP were mostly non-specific. The most frequently positive laboratory exams were cerebrospinal fluid analysis, autoimmune screening and peripheral blood smear, and the most performed imaging was MRI. Most patients (74%) underwent exclusive medical treatment, while a minority were selected for a surgical or combined approach. Finally, in more than half of cases a complete bilateral recovery (60.3%) was achieved.

Conclusions
BFP is a disabling condition. If a correct diagnosis is formulated, possibilities to recover are elevated and directly correlated to the administration of an adequate treatment.