bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pleistocene-Holocene sedaDNA reconstruction of Southern Doggerland reveals early colonization before inundation consistent with northern refugia.
Authors: Allaby Robin , Ware Roselyn , Cribdon Rebecca , Hansford Teri , Kinnaird Tim , Hamilton W , Kistler Logan , Murgatroyd Philip , Bates Richard , Fitch Simon , Gaffney Vincent 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Prior to the formation of the North Sea during the mid-Holocene, North-Western Europe was connected through the Doggerland landmass. Whilst it has been known for the past century that forests grew in Doggerland, it has not been clear how this environment compares to the surrounding European areas. Here, we reconstruct the palaeoecology of a river system from the Late Pleistocene to the late Holocene using sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) from 252 sediment samples from 36 cores spanning the length of the river system and headwater area. We determined that in low kinetic energy environments 95-98% of sedaDNA originates from local deposition and 2-5% is associated with influxed sediments, enabling the identification of secure deposits. High energy environments are insecure with 15-70% of sedaDNA associated with reworked and influxed sediment. Secure sediments reveal the presence of several tree species such as Alnus, Quercus, Ulmus and Corylus over 16000 years ago, and thermal indicator tree species like Tilia several thousand years earlier than has been recorded for surrounding European areas. In this area we also detect the presence of Pterocarya, previously unobserved since the Hoxnian. These observations are consistent with colonization from glacial refugia closer than the classic southern Europe refugia.
Integrated Network Pharmacology Reveals the Mechanism of Action of Xianlinggubao Prescription for inflammation in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhu Naiqiang , Hou Jingyi , Si Jingyuan , Ma Guiyun , Yang Ning , Chen Bin , Zhang Yu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background.Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic joint disease characterized by persistent inflammation. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms by which Xianlinggubao (XLGB) regulates OA inflammation via network pharmacology andin vitroexperiments.Methods.Data on the bioactive compounds and targets of XLGB were obtained from the TCMSP, ETCM, SymMap, and ChEMBL databases. The targets of XLGB associated with OA inflammation were analyzed using differential expression analysis and OMIM, GeneCards, and PubMed Gene databases. Network pharmacology and bioinformatic analyses were performed to construct compound target and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to predict significant targets. Functional enrichment of the targets was performed using the ClusterProfiler package in R. Molecular docking, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence assays were used to evaluate the ability of the compound to bind to anti-inflammatory targets during OA treatment.Results.Fifty-five bioactive compounds associated with 475 XLGB targets and 125 genes associated with OA inflammation were identified. The constructed PPI network revealed that XLGB may play therapeutic roles in OA inflammation by acting on the hub genes viz. monoclonal antibody to prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6, and matrix metallopeptidase-9. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that XLGB exerted its pharmacological effects against OA inflammation by modulating multiple biological pathways, such as the IL-17, TNF, and NF-κB. The results ofin vitroassays showed that XLGB can treat OA inflammation via hub genes, proteins, and signaling pathways.Conclusions: Using system pharmacology analysis, we systematically revealed the potential mechanisms of action of XLGB in OA inflammation, laying a foundation for its future clinical application.
Factors Affecting the Therapeutic Effects of Multiple Intra-articular Injections of Platelet-Rich-Plasma for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Kamada Kohei , Matsushita Takehiko , Yamashita Takahiro , Matsumoto Tomoyuki , Iwaguro Hideki , Kuroda Ryosuke , Sobajima Satoshi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) is rapidly spreading as a conservative treatment option for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), however, its therapeutic efficacy is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the therapeutic effect of intra-articular PRP therapy for KOA in patients who received multiple PRP injections (PRP-I).Methods This is a historical cohort study included 1057 knees of 701 patients who received PRP-I during KOA treatment from 2018 to 2020. The difference in visual analog scale (VAS) scores before and after PRP-I was defined as the amount of change in VAS (ΔVAS). Statistical analyses were performed using generalized linear mixed models with ΔVAS from the pre-treatment baseline as dependent variable and sex, age, number of PRP-I, and pre-treatment VAS as independent variables. Evaluations using the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) classification were added.Results Age and VAS score before treatment and after three, four, and five PRP-I were significantly associated with ΔVAS score. According to KL grade, age was significantly associated with ΔVAS score in the KL grade 4 group. VAS score before treatment was significantly associated with ΔVAS score, regardless of KL grade. Three-time PRP-I were significantly associated with ΔVAS in the KL-grade 1 and 2 groups. For KL grade 4, two or more PRP-I were significantly associated with the high efficacy.Conclusions Age, pain before treatment, and number of injections were associated with pain reduction after intra-articular PRP-I for KOA treatment. Pain reduction can be expected after PRP-I when patients are younger or experience severe pain before treatment. Three-time PRP-I are recommended to reduce pain in early-stage KOA and more than three times in advanced-stage OA.Trial Registration: Retrospectively registration
The Effectiveness of Forensic Outpatient Systemic Therapy in the Treatment of Juvenile Antisocial Behavior: A Study Protocol of a Multiple Case Experimental Design
Authors: Cappellen S. Marjolein van , Creemers Hanneke E. , Hoogsteder Larissa , Horn Joan van , Asscher Jessica J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Juvenile antisocial behavior can have long-lasting and devastating effects for juveniles themselves, victims, and society. Evidence-based treatment is vital. Forensic Outpatient Systemic Therapy (Forensische Ambulante Systeem Therapie; FAST) is a promising treatment for juveniles showing severe antisocial behavior including aggression, (domestic) violence, and delinquent behavior. FAST has a flexible intensity and length, addresses individual and systemic risk and protective factors, and is responsive to the abilities of the client (system), intervention characteristics all considered crucial for effective treatment. The current study will investigate whether FAST is effective in reducing aggression of the juvenile, reaching client formulated subgoals, and improving family functioning. Processes of change will be examined, as well as mediation by reaching client formulated subgoals and improved family functioning.
Methods
A Multiple Case Experimental Design (MCED) with an ABC design will be performed (A = baseline, B = intervention, and C = follow-up). Juveniles with primary aggression and/or anger problems (N = 15) and their caregiver(s) will be recruited. Data collection will consist of self-report questionnaires and case file analysis. Participants fill out frequent short self-report questionnaires (twice a week during phase A, every other week during phase B, and every week during phase C) and two main questionnaires at the start of the intervention and immediately after intervention end, thereby covering a period of 5 to 11 months. Both visual and statistical analyses will be performed.
Discussion
This study will generate robust knowledge and inform clinical practice on the effectiveness, processes of change, and mediating mechanisms of FAST, aiming to improve the treatment of future families within youth forensic care.
Trial registration:
This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 28/08/2023, protocol ID 60-63600-98-1138a.
MTGR1 is required to maintain small intestinal stem cell populations
Authors: Short Sarah P. , Brown Rachel E. , Blunt Koral M. , Pilat Jennifer M. , Chen Lucy , Jacobse Justin , Wang Jing , Simmons Alan J. , Xu Yanwen , Yang Yilin , Parang Bobak , Choksi Yash A. , Goettel Jeremy A. , Lau Ken S. , Hiebert Scott W. , Williams Christopher S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Undifferentiated intestinal stem cells (ISCs), particularly those marked by Lgr5, are crucial for maintaining homeostasis and resolving injury. Lgr5+ cells in the crypt base constantly divide, pushing daughter cells upward along the crypt axis, where they differentiate into a variety of specialized cell types. This process requires coordinated execution of complex transcriptional programs, which allow for the maintenance of undifferentiated stem cells while permitting differentiation of the wide array of intestinal cells necessary for homeostasis. Thus, disrupting these programs may negatively impact homeostasis and response to injury. Previously, members of the myeloid translocation gene (MTG) family have been identified as transcriptional co-repressors that regulate stem cell maintenance and differentiation programs in multiple organ systems, including the intestine. One MTG family member, myeloid translocation gene related 1 (MTGR1), has been recognized as a crucial regulator of secretory cell differentiation and response to injury. However, whether MTGR1 contributes to the function of ISCs has not yet been examined. Here, using Mtgr1-/- mice, we have assessed the effects of MTGR1 loss on ISC biology and differentiation programs. Interestingly, loss of MTGR1 increased the total number of cells expressing Lgr5, the canonical marker of cycling ISCs, suggesting higher overall stem cell numbers. However, expanded transcriptomic analyses revealed MTGR1 loss may instead promote stem cell differentiation into transit-amplifying cells at the expense of cycling ISC populations. Furthermore, ex vivo intestinal organoids established from Mtgr1 null were found nearly completely unable to survive and expand, likely due to aberrant ISC differentiation, suggesting that Mtgr1 null ISCs were functionally deficient as compared to WT ISCs. Together, these results identify a novel role for MTGR1 in ISC function and suggest that MTGR1 is required to maintain the undifferentiated state.
Disparities in pediatric obesity during COVID-19: The role of neighborhood social vulnerability and collective efficacy
Authors: Min Jungwon , Tam Vicky , Mayne Stephanie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Childhood obesity increased in the first year of Covid-19 with significant disparities across race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Social distancing led to fewer physical activity opportunities but increased screen time and high-calorie food consumption, all co-determined by neighborhood environments. This study aimed to test the moderation effects of neighborhood socioeconomic and built environments on racial/ethnic disparities in obesity change during Covid-19.
Methods
Using electronic health records from a large pediatric primary care network in 2018–2022, we cross-sectionally examined 163,042 well visits of 2–17 year-olds living in Philadelphia county in order to examine (1) the pandemic’s effect on obesity prevalence and (2) moderation by census-tract-level neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, crime, food and physical activity-related environments using interrupted-time-series analysis, Poisson regression, and logistic regression.
Results
Weekly obesity prevalence increased by 4.9 percent points (pp) during the pandemic (Jan 2021-Aug 2022) compared to pre-pandemic (Mar 2018- Mar 2020) levels. This increase was pronounced across all age groups, racially/ethnically-minoritized groups, and insurance types (ranging from 2.0 to 6.4 pp) except the Non-Hispanic-white group. The increase in obesity among children racially/ethnically-minoritized groups was significantly larger in the neighborhoods with high social vulnerability (3.3 pp difference between high and low groups), and low collective efficacy (2.0 pp difference between high and low groups) after adjusting for age, sex, and insurance type.
Conclusions
Racially/ethnically-minoritized children experienced larger obesity increases during the pandemic, especially those in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods. However, the buffering effect of community collective efficacy on the disparities underscores the importance of environments in pediatric health.
Preparation of Mo2@biomass-derived carbon electrocatalysts and performance study of electrocatalytic hydrogen precipitation and degradation of organic pollutants
Authors: Yang Hongxing , Chen Jin , Li Donggang , Zhang Sheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Water electrolysis is a common method for hydrogen production; a catalyst can lower the required voltage, known as electrocatalytic hydrogen production. Pt is an ideal catalyst due to high activity, but limited supply and cost impede use. Thus, we synthesized a novel composite electrocatalyst Mo2C@NC using versatile N-doped mesoporous carbon from camphor leaves, incorporating 7 to 12 nm Mo2C particles into nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon matrix. This innovative electrocatalyst has unique properties, particularly nitrogen incorporation, making Mo2C@NC highly active in electrocatalytic hydrogen production. Under alkaline conditions, Mo2C@NC needs a low 79 mV overpotential for 10 mA·cm− 2 current density, showing durability after 1000 cycles and remaining stable for 10 hours. Mo2C@NC also efficiently catalyzes the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol, requiring only 5 mg to complete the reaction in under 5 minutes. It also degrades methylene blue, a common organic dye, suggesting potential in large-scale H2 production and water purification.
Efficacy and safety of Fezolinetant in moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sabra Hamdy Khaled , Fayoud Aya M , Elsebaie Mai Alaaeldin Temraz , Hamad Mohammad , Siddiq Abdelmonem , Kereet Ibraheem M. , Elshnoudy Iman Abdelhady , Shalma Noran Magdy , Elewidi Mariam Mahmoud Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Fezolinetant has emerged as a potential treatment by targeting neurokinin B (NKB) signalling disruption and Kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin (KNDy) neuron activation in the hypothalamus. We aim to evaluate Fezolinetant's efficacy and safety in treating menopause-related VMS. We searched on PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and Cochrane till June 19th, 2023. All relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. Our review included all studies that evaluate the efficacy and safety of Fezolinetant. Data were extracted and pooled using Review Manager Software (RevMan version 5.3). The meta-analysis of six studies showed Fezolinetant's significant improvement in vasomotor symptoms (VMSs) compared to placebo in most of the outcomes. Fezolinetant reduces VMS frequency, with mean differences (MDs) of -2.66 (4 weeks) and − 2.46 (12 weeks). VMS severity becomes better, particularly with Fezolinetant 30 mg (MD -0.16, -0.20) and Fezolinetant 45 mg (MD -0.23, -0.29). Additionally, Fezolinetant enhances outcomes in GCS vasomotor symptoms score (MD -2.53, -3.65) and HFRDIS score (MD -1.85, -1.71). PROMIS SD SF 8b reveals favorable results with Fezolinetant 30 mg (MD -1.15, -0.61) and Fezolinetant 45 mg (MD -2.25, -1.55). Regarding the MENQoL total score, Fezolinetant 30 mg (MD -0.45, -0.33) and Fezolinetant 45 mg (MD -0.57, -0.48) show improvement. The favorable tolerability and safety of Fezolinetant make it a promising therapy option for post-menopausal women with VMSs.
Achieving extreme stiffness for beam-plate-shell-combined lattice metamaterial through a multilayer strategy and topology optimization
Authors: Du Jianbin , Liu Yang , Wang Yongzhen , Ren Hongyuan , Meng Zhiqiang , Chen Xueqian , Li Zuyu , Wang Liwei , Chen Wei , Wang Yifan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Metamaterials composed of different geometrical primitives have different properties. Corresponding to the fundamental geometrical forms of line, plane, and surface, beam-, plate-, and shell-based cellular lattice metamaterials enjoy many advantages in many aspects, respectively. To fully exploit the advantages of each structural archetype, we propose a multilayer strategy and topology optimization technique to design cellular lattice metamaterial in this study. Under the frame of the multilayer strategy, the design space is enlarged, and the design freedom is increased. Topology optimization is applied to explore better designs in the larger design space. Beam-plate-shell-combined metamaterials automatically emerge from the optimization to achieve extreme stiffness. Benefiting from high stiffness, energy absorption performances of optimized results also demonstrate substantial improvements under large geometrical deformation. The multilayer strategy and topology optimization can also bring a series of tunable dimensions for cellular lattice design, which helps achieve desired mechanical properties, such as isotropic elasticity and functionally grading material property, and superior performances in acoustic tuning, electrostatic shielding, and fluid field tuning. We envision that a broad array of novel synthetic and composite metamaterials with unprecedented performance can be designed with the multilayer strategy and topology optimization.
First report on floral morphology, pollen release dynamics and behavioral biology of Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) frontalis (Olivier, 1789) in Crotalaria juncea L. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae)
Authors: Polizelli-Ricci Nícolas Alberto , Agostini Kayna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Pollination is a clear example of an ecosystem service that provides benefits to people. Over 87.5% of the world flowering plants have been estimated to be pollinated by animals, and about one-third of global food volume produced depends on them. Our goals were to characterize for the first-time details about a) floral morphology, b) pollen release dynamics, c) behavioral biology in Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) frontalis(Olivier, 1789) bees and their influence on the reproduction of green manure Crotalaria juncea L. We used male and female floral reproductive structures for scanning electron microscope. We collected all pollen grains of different anther morphologies. The pollen viability was obtained by acetic carmine dye test at 2%. We used four controlled tests (spontaneous self-pollination, a single, two and three visits – n = 30 floral buds to all) to evaluate pollen limitation in the crop. Keel blossom morphology in C. juncea allowed their opening and exposing the reproductive structures during X. frontalisforaging. There was statistical difference in the number of pollen grains between anther morphologies, as well as pollen viability. The rates of fruit and seed set were significantly higher as the number of visits by X. frontalisincreased. Seed abortions occurred mainly in the basal position (n = 93), followed by the median (n = 58) and apical (n = 53). We concluded that pollinators can be useful for agricultural crops increasing fruit and seed production. Information about X. frontalis contribution to pollination will be useful to greenhouse and outdoor growers.
Investigating the efficiency of coagulation processes, chemical flocculation combined with aeration, multi-layer filter, and disinfection by UV to improve the quality and reuse of industrial wastewater
Authors: Esteki Razieh , Ehrampoush Mohammad Hassan , Nasab Habibeh , Ebrahimi Ali Asghar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Reuse of wastewater is one of the ways to develop water resources. In addition to the need for drinking water, many industries also need high-quality water in the production line. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to investigate the advanced treatment of the wastewater treatment plant of Morche Khort industrial town using the processes of coagulation, flocculation with aeration, multi-layer filter, and disinfection by ultraviolet radiation to increase the quality of wastewater and reuse it in industries.
Methods: In this study, to investigate the effect of coagulation and flocculation units along with aeration, filtration, and disinfection by ultraviolet rays (UV), on the quality of the secondary effluent from the wastewater treatment plant of Morche Khort industrial town, they were operated on a pilot scale. Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) was used as a coagulant. Layering of three layers of sand filter, from bottom to top including granulated silica at a height of 10 cm, sand at a height of 20 cm, and activated carbon at a height of 70 cm was used. The input and output sampling points of each unit were considered. By repeating twice in five stages of flow rates of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 (L/min), the samples were collected to measure COD, TSS, TDS, turbidity, PH, hardness, total coliform, and fecal coliform.
Results: Jartest test results showed that Alum coagulant works almost the same as poly aluminum chloride (PAC) in removing turbidity, but the efficiency of removing organic substances by PAC coagulant is higher than that of Alum at lower doses. The results of this study showed that the efficiency of the coagulation and flocculation process in removing turbidity, COD, TSS, TDS, and fat was 88.56%, 66.46%, 38%, 23.19%, 91.43%, and 97.23% respectively is. In the current study, the results of the wastewater entering the sand filter showed that the percentage of removal efficiency with a loading rate of one liter per minute was 93.16%, 56.84%, and 50% for turbidity, TSS, COD, TDS, heavy metals, and fat, respectively. , 5.67%, 55.45%, 33.44% were observed. The amount of TDS removal in the sand filter unit was observed to be 4%. In the UV disinfection unit, the removal efficiency percentage with a loading rate of 1 liter per minute for COD, TSS, turbidity, hardness, total coliform, and fecal coliform was 16%, 3.45%, 3.58%, 5.21%, 88% respectively. 99.98% and 98.37% were observed.
Conclusion: Coagulation and flocculation system - multi-layer filter and disinfection can remove chemical-physical and microbial parameters to an acceptable level for using water in advanced purification systems and also for irrigation.