bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial experience with ultrafine choledochoscopy combined with low-dose atropine for the treatment of Oddi intersphincter stones
Authors: Hu Xiao-Si , Wang Yong , Pan Hong-Tao , Zhu Chao , Zhou Shuai , Chen Shi-Lei , Liu Hui-Chun , Pang Qing , Jin Hao 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
In recent years, the use of ultrafine choledochoscopy has gradually increased in the treatment of cholelithiasis. However, stone incarceration and residual spasm of the sphincter of Oddi may be inevitable when an ultrafine choledochoscope is used alone.
AIM
To investigate the safety and feasibility of ultrafine choledochoscopy combined with low-dose atropine in the treatment of Oddi intersphincter stones.
METHODS
Seventeen patients with Oddi intersphincter stones were retrospectively analyzed. The perioperative clinical data and follow-up information were collected.
RESULTS
Among the 17 patients, 3 were male and 14 were female. The mean age was 40.6 ± 13.9 years, and the mean diameter of the common bile duct was 7.8 ± 1.3 mm. All patients successfully underwent Oddi intersphincter stone removal using a combination of ultrafine choledochoscopy and low-dose atropine. No serious complications, such as postoperative hemorrhage, pancreatitis or bile leakage occurred in the 17 patients. During the one-year follow-up, none of the patients experienced stone recurrence.
CONCLUSION
Ultrafine choledochoscopy combined with low-dose atropine is safe and feasible for the treatment of Oddi intersphincter stones.
Correlations of three scoring systems with the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with sepsis syndrome
Authors: Liu Li-Nan , Chang Yu-Fei , Wang Hui 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Severe symptoms associated with sepsis syndrome (SS) are considered a severe threat, which not only increases therapeutic difficulty but also causes a prognostic mortality rate. However, at present, few related studies focused on the application of different score scales for disease and prognosis assessment in liver cirrhosis (LC) complicated with SS.
AIM
To determine the correlations of the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), and modified early warning score (MEWS) points with the prognosis of patients with LC complicated with SS.
METHODS
This retrospective analysis included 426 LC cases from February 2019 to April 2022. Of them, 225 cases that were complicated with SS were assigned to the LC + SS group, and 201 simple LC cases were included in the LC group. Intergroup differences in MELD, SOFA, and MEWS scores were compared, as well as their diagnostic value for LC + SS. The correlations of the three scores with the prognosis of patients with LC + SS were further analyzed, as well as the related risk factors affecting patients’ outcomes, after the follow-up investigation.
RESULTS
MELD, SOFA, and MEWS scores were all higher in the LC + SS group vs the LC group, and their combined assessment for LC + SS revealed a diagnostic sensitivity and a specificity of 89.66% and 90.84%, respectively (P < 0.05). The LC + SS group reported 58 deaths, with an overall mortality rate of 25.78%. Deceased patients presented higher MELD, SOFA, and MEWS points than those who survived (P < 0.05). MELD, SOFA, and MEWS scores were determined by COX analysis as factors independently affecting the prognosis of patients with LC + SS (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
MELD, SOFA, and MEWS effectively diagnosed LC in patients complicated with SS, and they demonstrated great significance in assessing prognosis, which provides a reliable prognosis guarantee for patients with LC + SS. However, their assessment effects remain limited, which is worthy of further investigation by more in-depth and rigorous experimental analysis.
Effect of adipose-derived stem cells exosomes cross-linked chitosan-αβ-glycerophosphate thermosensitive hydrogel on deep burn wounds
Authors: Xu Lei , Liu Dan , Yun Hai-Long , Zhang Wei , Ren Li , Li Wen-Wen , Han Chuan 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Burn wound management is challenging, and while mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes show therapeutic potential, optimal delivery methods are unclear.
AIM
To study chitosan (CS)-αβ-glycerophosphate (CS-αβ-GP) hydrogel crosslinked with adipose-derived stem cell exosomes (ASC-Exos) for healing deep burn injuries.
METHODS
Rats with deep burn injuries were divided into the CS + ASCs-Exos group, the ASCs-Exos group, the CS group, and the control group. The healing rates on days 4, 7, and 14 after treatment were analyzed using ImageJ software. On day 14, the tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson’s trichrome staining, and immunohistochemical analysis to evaluate tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1α, IL-10, transforming growth factor β, and epidermal growth factor. The mRNA levels of IL-1α, CD86, C-C motif chemokine ligand 22, and CD163 were evaluated through quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS
The CS + ASC-Exos group exhibited enhanced healing, reduced lymphocyte infiltration, blood vessels, and muscle fiber distribution. Increased IL-10, transforming growth factor β, and epidermal growth factor and decreased tumor necrosis factor α, IL-1α, and IL-6 expression were observed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed reduced IL-1α and CD86 and increased C-C motif chemokine ligand 22 and CD163 expression. Protein analysis showed downregulation of phosphorylated inhibitor of kappa Balpha and P65 in the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway. ASC-Exos crosslinked with CS-αβ-GP hydrogel demonstrates superior effects in anti-inflammation, wound healing promotion, and promotion of M1 macrophage transformation to M2 macrophage by blocking the NF-κB pathway compared to ASC-Exos alone.
CONCLUSION
Our research demonstrates that the ASC-Exos cross-linked CS-αβ-GP hydrogel represents an advanced therapeutic approach for treating deep burn wounds. It has anti-inflammatory effects, promotes wound healing, and facilitates the transition of M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages by blocking the NF-κB pathway.
A construction of the polylogarithm motive
Authors: Dupont Clément , Fresán Javier 
Published: February 2025

Classical polylogarithms give rise to a variation of mixed Hodge-Tate structures on the punctured projective line $S=\mathbb{P}^1\setminus \{0, 1, \infty\}$, which is an extension of the symmetric power of the Kummer variation by a trivial variation. By results of Beilinson-Deligne, Huber-Wildeshaus, and Ayoub, this polylogarithm variation has a lift to the category of mixed Tate motives over $S$, whose existence is proved by computing the corresponding space of extensions in both the motivic and the Hodge settings. In this paper, we construct the polylogarithm motive as an explicit relative cohomology motive, namely that of the complement of the hypersurface $\{1-zt_1\cdots t_n=0\}$ in affine space $\mathbb{A}^n_S$ relative to the union of the hyperplanes $\{t_i=0\}$ and $\{t_i=1\}$.Comment: 32 pages
EFFECT OF ANDALIMAN (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium) NANOHERBAL EXTRACT ADMINISTRATION ON LIVER FUNCTION AND LIVER HISTOPATHOLOGY OF STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC MALE WISTAR RATS
Authors: Permata Khaira Azzuhra , Ginting Chrismis Novalinda , Chiuman Linda , Chiuman Veranyca , Sihombing Bungaran 
Published: February 2025

Abstract : Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a systemic disease with hyperglycemia, and can cause Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Nanoherbal of andaliman has an antioxidant effect on the body. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of nanoherbal of andaliman on liver function and liver histopathology. Method: This study used an experimental method with a post-test-only control group design of 30 male wistar rats induced with streptozosin, divided into 6 groups with nano herbal of andaliman as the testing material. Results: There is no difference in the liver function (SGOT and SGPT) between the groups that are given andaliman and the ones that do not with the p values of 0,183 and 0,449 (p>0,05). There is a difference in liver histopathology between the groups with the p-value of 0,03 (p<0,05), it also shows that the groups that are given andaliman experienced liver degeneration. Conclusion: Nanoherbal of andaliman has the antioxidant effect that acts as hepatoprotection, but also includes some substances that can cause damage to the liver cells. The writer suggested adding more samples, doing the pre-test and post-test examinations, and also analyzing the effect of the steroid and terpenoid in andaliman on the liver cells.
Legal Construction of Land Rights as a Result of the Village Cash Land Exchange Process Conducted by the Village Government
Authors: Pratama M. Yulis , Ngesti dwi Prasetyo  , Handiyantina Shinta 
Published: February 2025

The focus of this legal research is to discuss the legal construction in the process of exchanging village treasury land carried out by the village government together with the village community based on statutory regulations and several scientific references in order to support the validity of the research conducted. On the island of Java, village treasury land or what is usually known as bengkok land should be productive land so that it can provide added value and become a source of income for the village head and his apparatus, but in reality, not all village-owned land is productive land so that it makes the village government experience a decrease in production due to less productive land. The problem also arises when the village treasury land in the form of a yard is occupied by the village community, because it has been settled for a long time, the community wants legal status to the land they occupy by buying the village treasury land through the exchange process, the sale-purchase agreement occurs between the surrounding community and the village government As a form of follow-up to the sale-purchase process that has been carried out between the village government and the community, there is a release of the status of land rights. in this case there is legal uncertainty where people who have paid off the land have not been able to get a certificate for the land they have paid for. The research method used is Normative Juridical research based on laws and regulations which are then reviewed using applicable legal theories, concepts and principles so that it is expected to know and find the facts and data needed. Then briefly the research results show that 1. The status of land rights on village treasury land is included in the status of the right of use, this refers to the definition of the right of use stipulated in Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles Article 41 which states that the right of use is the right to use and/or collect products from land directly controlled by the State or land owned by others, which gives the authority and obligations specified in the decision to grant it by the official authorized to grant it or in the agreement with the owner of the land, which is not a lease agreement or land processing agreement, everything as long as it does not conflict with the spirit and provisions of this Law.
EFFECT OF Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC EXTRACT ON THE INCREASE OF BRAIN CELLS IN THE SUBSTANTIA NIGRA OF WISTAR RATS THAT ARE ROTENONE-INDUCED
Authors: Hafizha Shalli , Halim Binarwan , Chiuman Linda 
Published: February 2025

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder due to the decline of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, with motor and non-motor symptoms. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial damage play a role in its pathogenesis. andaliman fruit (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC), rich in alkaloids and flavonoids, has potential as an antioxidant with neuroprotective effects. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of andaliman fruit extract (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) on the increase of brain cells in the substantia nigra of rotenone-induced Wistar rats as a Parkinson's model. This research uses an experimental quantitative study with a post-test control group design. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that 70% ethanol extract of andaliman fruit (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) can reduce the number of necrosis cells in the brain. On the 29th day, the average number of necrosis cells in each group was 0.4±0.54 (K-), 4.8±0.83 (K+), 4.4±1.14 (P1), 3.4±0.54 (P2), and 1.2±0.44 (P3). The administration of extracts at doses of 150 mg/kgBB, 300 mg/kgBB, and 450 mg/kgBB can increase the regeneration of brain cells that experience necrosis. Histopathological observations showed that 70% ethanol extract of andaliman fruit improved the histological structure of brain cells in the substantia nigra area.
Building Bridges to Success: The Role of Teacher-Student Relationships in Academic Achievement
Authors: Tariq Ayesha , Mohyuddin Rabiah , Ismaeel Ghazala 
Published: February 2025

The current descriptive study focused on the effects of the student-teacher relationship on academic achievement at public secondary schools. This study used a descriptive design. The survey design was used in the investigation to collect the data. The 1200 pupils enrolled in the 10th grade five public sector schools located in Multan region South Punjab Pakistan served as the study's population. Convenient sampling was utilised to select 250 samples to meet the study's requirements A questionnaire was utilised on a five-point Likert scale to collect data from the sample in the current investigation for analysis, and the gathered data was imported into SPSS. The descriptive statistics mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as t-tests were utilised to analyse data. According to the results, teacher-student connections have a positive impact on a range of student outcomes. Moreover, there is a significant correlation between teacher-student relationship and students' academic success. These results may support bridging the education system to increase successful academic careers and offer them essential support services in educational institutions.
Сценарии церковной власти в неканонических православных юрисдикциях
Authors: Прилуцкий А.М. 
Published: February 2025

В статье анализируются особенности организации церковной власти, характерные для неканонических православных юрисдикций. Реализуемые сценарии церковной власти, в той степени, в которой они не затрагивают вопросы, регулируемые канонами, достаточно вариативны, часто они связаны с конкретными юрисдикциями. Как правило, реализуемые неканоническими обществами сценарии церковной власти определяются социальными и культурными условиями, в которых они существуют, прагматическими и конъюнктурными задачами. В статье рассмотрены следующие сценарии церковной власти: подражание церковной традиции канонического православия, апелляция к каноническому строю дореволюционной, т. н. синодальной Церкви, референции к эсхатологическим ожиданиям. Проведенное исследование позволяет сделать вывод о том, что реализуемые сценарии церковной власти в маргинальных православных юрисдикциях выполняют ряд прагматических функций, как в области апологетики, так и, в некоторых весьма ограниченных ситуациях, — рекламы соответствующей юрисдикции. Выбор конкретных стратегий задается как индивидуальными предпочтениями лидеров, так и теми условиями, в которых действует та или иная «альтернативная церковь».
The article analyzes peculiarities of the church authority structure, which are characteristic of non-canonical Orthodox jurisdictions. The church authority scenarios implemented — to the extent that they do not affect issues regulated by the canons — are quite variable, and are often associated with specific jurisdictions. As a rule, scenarios of ecclesiastic authority implemented by non-canonical so-cieties are determined by the social and cultural conditions in which they exist, by pragmatic and opportunistic tasks. The article considers the following scenarios of ecclesiastic authority: imitation of the church tradition of canonical Orthodoxy, an appeal to the canonical order of the pre-revolutionary, so-called “Synodal Church”, references to eschatological expectations. The study makes it possible to conclude that the scenarios of ecclesiastical authority implemented in marginal-ized Orthodox jurisdictions perform a number of pragmatic functions both in the field of apologetics and, in some very limited situations, that of advertising of the jurisdiction concerned. The choice of specific strategies is determined by both individual preferences of the leaders and conditions in which this or that “alternative church” operates.
Норма в теологии
Authors: Польсков К.О. 
Published: February 2025

Идея «богословской симфонии», предложенная прот. Дж. Бэром как развитие неопатристического синтеза прот. Г. Флоровского, выводит автора статьи на проблему определения теологической нормы. Итогом практического поворота в философии науки в прошлом веке стало убеждение, что норма больше не должна пониматься как единое свойство предмета. Ее нужно рассматривать в различных срезах познавательной деятельности (онтологическом, методологическом, аксиологическом). Норму также можно представлять как нечто статичное, то есть описывающую сущее, или как нечто динамическое, то есть как указание на должное. В первом значении она близка к понятию «эталон», «правило для подражания». А во втором представляет собой ценность, к которой нужно стремиться. На основе этого представления в статье предлагается различать общую теологическую Норму и локальные нормы. Вводится их разграничение по принципу родо-видовой соотнесенности. Говорится об аксиологических принципах теологических норм и их инструментальном понимании.
The idea of “theological symphony”, advanced by Rev. Jh. Behr as a development of the concept of neopatristic synthesis of prot. G. Florovsky put forward a problem of determining theological normativity. One of the consequences of a “practical turn” in philosophy of science in the last century was the conviction that normativity is a multifaceted phenomenon and must not no longer be understood as a single phenomenon. Rather, it should be regarded from different points of view (ontological, methodological, axiological). A norm can also be represented as something static, i. e. describing what exists, or as a dynamic indication of what should be. In the first meaning, it is close to the concept of a standard, a rule to follow. And in the second, it represents a certain value for which one should strive. The paper analyzes what it means for theology to be normative. Distinguishing between the general theological Norm and local norms gives rise to a nuanced view of how the concept of normativity can be applied in theological research. The axiological principles of theological normativity and their instrumental understanding are also discussed in the paper.
«Наука церковного права неизбежно будет иметь дело с правосознанием в Церкви…»: обзор круглого стола Барсовского общества «Церковное правосознание: состояние, проблемы и подходы»
Authors: Хохлов А.А. 
Published: February 2025

В статье приводятся данные о работе круглого стола «Церковное правосознание: состояние, проблемы и подходы», который был организован Обществом изучения церковного права им. Т. В. Барсова (Барсовским обществом) Санкт-Петербургской Духовной Академии Русской Православной Церкви. Полностью представлен установочный доклад А. А. Хохлова, затем — отдельные положения дискуссии участников круглого стола, по итогам которой был сформулирован ряд предварительных выводов: 1) в настоящее время ключевое значение приобретает правосознание епископата; 2) роль государства в процессе формирования и развития церковного правосознания является предметом длящейся дискуссии; 3) следует говорить не о церковном правосознании, а о церковных правосознаниях; 4) при изучении церковного правосознания важно учитывать состояние культуры общества; 5) в Церкви прописные правовые нормы уступают место примату морали над канонами и церковными законами; 6) санкции в церковной традиции предстают в морально-нравственных (духовных) категориях, определяющих фон всей правовой культуры Церкви. В заключении отмечается, что в перспективе наука церковного права неизбежно будет иметь дело с правосознанием в Церкви.
The article presents data on the work of the round table “Church legal consciousness: status, problems and approaches’, which was organized by the Society for the Study of Canon Law named after T. V. Barsov (Barsov Society) of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy of the Russian Orthodox Church. The introductory report of A. A. Khokhlov is presented in full, followed by individual provisions of the discussion of the round table participants, based on the results of which a number of preliminary conclusions were formulated: 1) at present, legal consciousness of the episcopate is of key importance; 2) the role of the state in the process of formation and development of church legal consciousness is the subject of an ongoing discussion; 3) we should talk not about church legal consciousness, but about church legal consciousnesses; 4) when studying church legal consciousness, it is important to take into account the state of culture of society; 5) in the Church, statutory legal norms give way to the primacy of morality over canons and church laws; 6) sanctions in the church tradition appear in moral and ethical (spiritual) categories that determine the background of the entire legal culture of the Church. In conclusion, it is noted that in the future, the science of church law will inevitably deal with legal consciousness in the Church.