bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studying The Knowledge and Awareness of Medical Students about Brain Death and Organ Donation
Authors: Alshuayb Haneen Jamal , Khoury Yazan Ayman , Fawares Maamoun Ayman AL- , Rekmani Najwa Fajr 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction and objective:
Organ donation is affected by brain death, where the time of death must be determined in an accurate way, and confirmed by important medical tests, and this allows organ donation without medical error and does not conflict with human ethics and values. This research aims to assess the knowledge of the concept of brain death, the attitude, and the level of awareness towards Organ donation and transplantation among medical students in Syrian Arab Republic.
Materials and methods
The research design is an observational and descriptive study of the cross-sectional study style. The required sample size was 200 that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples were collected in the period between 7/23/2023 and 8/11/2023.
Results
The total number of the sample was (200) male and female students from various medical colleges (56% males, 44% females), the largest number of whom were from the sixth year, as they numbered 95 male and female students at a rate of 47.5%, followed by fifth, fourth, third, and second year students. And the first (35%, 7, 4.5%, 4.5%, 1.5%, respectively), most of the students were from Spu University (89.5%), and most of the students were from the city (82%), most of the students had a very good economic situation (42.5%), EEG, lateral brain ultrasound, and radioisotope scintigraphy are the most common supportive tests used to diagnose brain death, with rates (23.8%, 20%, and 16.6%, respectively).
Conclusion
There is no previous study conducted in Syria about students' awareness of brain death and organ donation, as our study shows that knowledge was in an appropriate range, but despite this, it is necessary to raise the level of understanding and knowledge among Syrian students in order for it to improve, and this can be achieved through Exposure during clinical training and formal study to standards and techniques for brain death diagnosis and transplantation surgery and principles.
Pre-Job loss Grief Reactions and Work Attachment among Sick-Listed Employees: Introduction of the Imminent Job Loss Scale
Authors: Eersel Janske H. W. , Wickham Miriam I. , Smid Geert E. , Boelen Paul A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose
With this study, we aimed to explore the emotional experiences of sick-listed employees facing imminent job loss, as this emotional distress may hinder successful job search outcomes. The study had two objectives: (1) to develop and validate the Imminent Job Loss Scale (IJLS) for assessing pre-job loss grief reactions and (2) to examine its relationship to work attachment.
Method
Development of the IJLS was carried out using feedback from an expert panel. The psychometric properties of the IJLS were evaluated, and its association with work attachment was examined using data from 200 sick-listed employees facing imminent job loss.
Results
The IJLS demonstrated strong internal consistency and temporal stability, distinctiveness from depression and anxiety symptoms, and solid convergent validity. Work-centrality and organizational commitment were positively related to pre-job loss grief reactions, while work engagement and calling showed no significant associations.
Conclusion
This study provides valuable insights into pre-job loss grief reactions and shows the potential utility of the IJLS for screening and monitoring purposes. Understanding pre-job loss grief reactions can improve the re-integration and job prospects of sick-listed employees. In future research, explorations of these dynamics should continue to provide better support to sick-listed employees during this challenging period.
Hydrological responses to land use and land cover change and climate dynamics in the Rift Valley Lakes Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Ayalew Ayenew D. , Wagner Paul D. , Tigabu Tibebe B. , Sahlu Dejene , Fohrer Nicola 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Due to the rapid socio-economic development in the Ethiopian Rift Valley basin, the pressures on water resources are increasing. To understand the change of spatio-temporal water fluxes, the hydrologic model SWAT+ (Soil and Water Assessment Tool+) was applied to five selected watersheds within the basin. With regards to the objective functions, Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE: 0.68–0.84), the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE: 0.61–0.73), percent bias (PBIAS: −3.4 to 1.4), and RMSE-observations standard deviation ratio (RSR: 0.52–0.69), the SWAT+ model performed very well for daily streamflow in all watersheds. The change in water balance components indicated a considerable spatial variation of water fluxes in the watersheds. Precipitation, evapotranspiration, and infiltration have generally decreased, but surface runoff has increased in the interference period compared to the baseline period. The spatial distribution of rainfall (−40 to 10%), evapotranspiration (−20 to 5%), surface runoff (7.8–13.1%), lateral flow (4.47 to −16.5%), and percolation (−3.3 to −10.2%) varied. The changes in the hydrologic system within the basin are greatly attributed to the combination of land use and land cover change due to rapid population growth and climate variability.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO DE PAUL SINGER PARA A TEORIA SOCIAL CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Jacques Caroline , De Oliveira Estevam Dimas 
Published: August 2023

Paul Singer é um intelectual amplamente reconhecido no Brasil por obras que versam sobre o desenvolvimento, o socialismo e a economia solidária. Contudo, seus estudos são mais abrangentes incluindo temas como o solo urbano, o desenvolvimento capitalista, a política, o poder e a educação. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar de forma concisa a contribuição do pensamento de Paul Singer para a teoria social contemporânea brasileira. Com base em pesquisa bibliográfica em portais de periódicos com a indicação de autoria de Paul Singer, reuniu-se um conjunto de 8 artigos publicados pelo autor entre os anos de 1980 a 2009. Como resultado, evidenciou-se que a contribuição da carreira intelectual de Singer é significativa na medida em que se desdobra em temas complexos e profícuos para à compreensão da sociedade brasileira. Dentre os temas destacam-se a crítica à economia de mercado, a dinâmica da formação social capitalista, estudos críticos sobre a teoria da dependência, desenvolvimento solidário e ainda, educação, democracia, sociedade e Estado. Assim, conclui-se que a teoria social encontra nos escritos de Paul Singer uma vasta literatura científica capaz de lançar luz sobre o funcionamento e o desenvolvimento do sistema capitalista, mas também sobre os mecanismos de mudança institucional e social em direção a uma economia e uma sociedade centrada na dignidade humana.
SOLIDARY ECONOMY ON THE COUCH
Authors: De Almeida de Paula Patrícia , Luzio-dos-Santos Luís Miguel , Fabiano Amancio Vieira Saulo , Borinelli Benilson 
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo se propõe a fazer uma reflexão a partir do pensamento de Paul Singer, considerado o “pai” da Economia Solidaria no Brasil. Seu trabalho profícuo como pesquisador e intelectual engajado com as causas populares, fizeram-no referência na discussão dos principais problemas nacionais. Sua bibliografia é repleta de inquietudes e analises profundas sobre os principais dilemas brasileiros, mas isso não o impediu de ousar e propor soluções para um mundo mais justo e solidário. Inicia-se o texto com suas ideias a respeito da Economia Solidária, confrontando-as com a realidade histórica de quase quatro décadas de experiências práticas em território nacional. Procurou-se dar relevo aos dilemas e limites dessa trajetória, confrontando expectativas com a realidade vivida. A pesquisa pode ser classificada como qualitativa e descritiva, fez uso de fontes secundárias, como o Atlas da Economia Solidária de 2014, entre outras pesquisas acadêmicas que versam sobre o assunto. O pensamento complexo de Edgar Morin serviu de pano de fundo para o entendimento do fenômeno, procurando compreender a realidade numa perspectiva multifacetada, descolada de visões dogmáticas e maniqueístas, que tendem a mascarar os fatos concretos.
Alleviative Effects of Adipose Tissue-derived Stem Cells and α-NETA on
Metabolic, Biochemical, and Endocrine Parameters in a Letrozole-induced Rat
Model of PCOS
Authors: Nejabati Hamid Reza , Nikzad Sadeneh , Roshangar Leila 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most prevalent reproductive disorder, is accompanied
by hyperandrogenism (HA), ovulatory dysfunction (OD), and insulin resistance (IR). A number of
reports indicate that adipokines play a vital role in the pathophysiology of PCOS. One of these adipokines is
chemerin, which is engaged in metabolic disorders, especially obesity, diabetes, and PCOS. Based on the data,
the circulating levels of chemerin and the expression of chemokine-like receptor-1 (CMKLR1) in white adipose
tissue (WAT) of women with PCOS are significantly higher than in healthy ones. Currently, several scholars
have emphasized the therapeutic capacities of stem cells, notably mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), for the treatment
of PCOS.

Objective:
In this study, for the first time, the impacts of 2-(α-naphthoyl) ethyltrimethylammonium iodide (α-
NETA), an antagonist of CMKLR1, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and their combinations on metabolic
and endocrine aberrancies were assessed in the WAT and ovarian tissues of the letrozole (LET)-induced PCOS
rats.

Methods:
In the current study, 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control (n = 6), LET-induced
PCOS (1.5 mg/kg p.o., n = 6), LET + ADSCs (106 ADSCs i.v., n = 6), LET + α-NETA (10 mg/kg p.o., n
= 6), and LET + ADSCs + α-NETA (n = 6). The blood samples and adipose and ovarian tissues were obtained
to evaluate the effects of ADSCs and α-NETA on hormonal and metabolic parameters in the PCOS rats.

Results:
Our findings showed that the administration of α-NETA, ADSCs, and the combination of both favorably
restored the irregular estrus cycle and considerably modulated the endocrine parameters in PCOS rats. In addition,
these therapeutic factors remarkably regulated steroidogenic and adipogenic gene expressions, as well as
the genes related to glucose metabolism and brown adipose tissue (BAT) markers in these animals.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that the combination of ADSCs and α-NETA can successfully ameliorate
metabolic and endocrine dysfunction in LET-induced PCOS rats, and this strategy could be a new therapeutic
choice for patients with PCOS.
Pharmacological Activities of the Roots of Stemona tuberosa Medicinal
Plant: An Overview
Authors: Pathak Shilpi , Verma Riya , Sharma Richa 
Published: August 2023

:
Since childhood, plants and plant products have been used extensively as medicine. The
majority of rural residents still rely on natural resources and the old-fashioned medical system for
their daily needs. The biological richness of Arunachal Pradesh is renowned, as is its rich cultural
diversity. The native population uses a number of aromatic and medicinal plant species to cure a
wide range of illnesses. The current review deals with the biological activity of Stemona tuberosa, a
possible medicinal plant species of Arunachal Pradesh. Extract from tuberous roots has numerous
properties, including anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tobacco mosaic virus, antitussive,
wound healing, and anti-herpes. The roots' powder is employed as a preservation and insect deterrent.
Alkaloids, sugars and glycosides, phenolic compounds, trace amounts of proteins, saponin,
flavonoids, and gum mucilage, were all found during the phytochemical analysis, which shows that
the species has a significant potential for therapeutic use. As a result, it is possible to think of the
examined species as a potential source of beneficial medications.
Comparative Study of Manufacturing Process Differentiation of
Volatile Components in Kenya Purple Tea Variety TRFK 306/1
Authors: Zhou Zi-wei , Cai Lie-wei , Zheng Shi-zhong , Wu Qing-yang 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Purple tea variety tea is a kind of special tea germplasm resource,
which attracts attention due to its rich anthocyanins, unique leaf color and health care.

Methods:
This study clarified characteristic volatile components among different tea categories
made from Kenya's purple tea variety. As raw materials, one bud and two or three
leaves of Kenya purple tea variety (TRFK306/1) were utilized. Then, the fresh tea leaves
were processed into green tea (PG), white tea (PW) and black tea (PB) based on different
manufacturing processes. Volatile compounds in different categories of tea were detected
and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by Head Space-Solid Phase Micro Extractions-
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPEM-GC-MS), in combination with
principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares (PLS) analysis. Moreover, variance
verification and tea sensory evaluation analysis were also conducted to explore characteristic
metabolites.

Results:
The result showed that 45 kinds of volatile components were identified in green
and black tea, and 38 kinds were identified in white tea. The volatile components could be
divided into six categories, including alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, hydrocarbons
and nitrogen-containing compounds. The number of volatile components among teas is
5(PG_vs_PB), 6(PG_vs_PW), and 9 (PW_vs_PB), respectively. There was a significant
difference between PB and PW in the first principal component (R2X1=0.571), and PG
was in between. It was found by PLS model analysis that there were 12 potential characteristic
components with variable importance factor (VIP) greater than 1.0.

Conclusion:
The result showed that trans-β-Ocimene, nonanal and 6-Methyl-5-heptene-2-
one as characteristic volatile components in PG, and β-ionone and trans-geraniol were
characteristic aroma components of white tea and black tea, respectively.
Rapid Colorimetric Sensor Based on Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized 4-Amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole for Cortisol Detection in Saliva Sample
Authors: Badi'ah Hanim Istatik , Puspaningsih Ni Nyoman Tri , Supriyanto Ganden , Nasronudin Nasronudin 
Published: August 2023

The rapid, simple, and selective colorimetric sensing method of cortisol has been successfully developed using AuNPs modified with 4-amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (AuNPs-AHMT). The principle of this method is based on the color change from wine red to purple (redshift) when AuNPs-AHMT interacts with cortisol. The hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl group from cortisol and the amine group from AHMT induces the aggregation of AuNPs. The modification of the AuNPs surface with AHMT aims to increase its stability. The properties of AuNPs and AuNPs-AHMT were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometer. The interaction between AuNPs-AHMT and cortisol was studied by UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopies. The proposed method was optimized and validated. Au(III) was reduced to AuNPs at an optimum NaBH4 concentration of 1.0 mM. Validation of the proposed method showed good analytical performance with linearity from 1.0–50.0 nM, accuracy 91.07–102.77%, intra-day precision < 2.22% and inter-day precision < 2.17%, detection limit 0.76 nM, quantification limit 2.54 nM, and sensitivity 0.0112 nM/mL. The proposed method also showed good selectivity with the presence of some interferences in the sample. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of cortisol in the saliva by the standard addition method with acceptable recovery.
Activated Charcoal from Coffee Dregs Waste as an Alternative Biosorbent of Cu(II) and Ag(I)
Authors: Prabawati Susy Yunita , Widiakongko Priyagung Dhemi , Taqwim Mohammad Ahsani 
Published: August 2023

This study examines the use of coffee dregs waste as biosorbents of Cu(II) and Ag(I). Coffee dregs waste still contains a high level of carbon and cellulose for biosorbents production. The production process was started with charcoal activation using H3PO4. The batch method was applied by variations of contact time, the mass of the biosorbent, and the initial concentration of metal ions. The results showed that Cu(II) and Ag(I) were optimally adsorbed at pH 6 and 4, respectively. The amount of adsorbed metal ions increased with adsorption contact time. The adsorption process of both metal ions reaches stability within 60 min and the optimum biosorbent mass is 1 g. Isothermal adsorption studies show that Cu(II) adsorption tends to follow Langmuir isotherm with an adsorption energy of 31.42 kJ/mol and Ag(I) adsorption follows Freundlich isotherms with an adsorption energy of 27.74 kJ/mol. Based on the results, the interaction between metal ions and adsorbents is a chemical adsorption process and coffee dregs charcoal has the potential to adsorb Cu(II) and Ag(I) metal ions.
Eating Habits, Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Clinical and Laboratory Comparisons
Authors: Gaus O. V. , Livzan M. A. 
Published: August 2023

Aim: to assess the level of stress hormones (cortisol in saliva), neurotransmitters (serotonin in blood serum, dopamine in blood plasma) in relation to eating habits, anxiety and depression levels in patients with IBS.Materials and methods. An open cohort prospective study was conducted with the inclusion of 263 patients with an established diagnosis of IBS, among them 189 (71.9 %) women and 74 (28.1 %) men. The average age of patients with IBS was 29 [25; 35] years. The control group included 40 healthy volunteers. All individuals included in the study were assessed for diet and eating habits using the WHO CINDI program questionnaire, “Information on Nutrition and Eating Behavior”, the severity of anxiety and depression according to the HADS questionnaire, the level of specific anxiety in relation to gastrointestinal symptoms according to the VSI questionnaire, quality of life according to the IBS-QoL questionnaire. In addition, the enzyme immunoassay method was used to assess the levels of cortisol in the morning and evening portions of saliva, serotonin in the blood serum and dopamine in the blood plasma.Results. Among patients with IBS there is a statistically significantly higher level of cortisol in the morning and evening portions of saliva (U = 19.5, p < 0.001 and U = 111.5, p < 0.001, respectively), serotonin in blood serum (U = 269.0, p = 0.042) and lower plasma dopamine levels (U = 93.5, p = 0.0002) compared with controls. The mean salivary cortisol level among patients with IBS was 45.39 [29.86; 70.10] ng/ml in the morning and 19.21 [13.98; 23.50] ng/ml in the evening, while in the group of healthy individuals it was 19.0 [16.5; 21.7] and 9.7 [8.5; 10.5] ng/ml, respectively. The average content of serotonin in blood serum in patients with IBS was 188.78 [150.41; 230.32] ng/ml, among healthy individuals — 142.80 [130.52; 154.15] ng/ml. The average content of dopamine in blood plasma in patients with IBS was 28.83 [20.08; 41.54] ng/ml, in healthy individuals — 58.20 [48.15; 66.62] ng/ml.Conclusion. In patients with IBS the secretion of the stress hormone (cortisol) and neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine) is closely related to the nature of nutrition, the level of anxiety and depression, and is also associated with the clinical variant and severity of the course of the disease.
Risk Factors of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Different Child-Pugh Classes Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Nadinskaia M. Yu. , Kodzoeva Kh. B. , Gulyaeva K. A. , Khen M.-D. E. , Koroleva D. I. , Privalov M. A. , Tekaeva A. Kh. , Fedorov V. R. , Prokofev S. G. 
Published: August 2023

Aim: to evaluate the frequency of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and build predictive models of the development of PVT for patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) of A and B/C classes by Child-Pugh.Materials and methods. Research design is a case-control. The Case group included 130 patients with newly diagnosed PVT not caused by invasive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); 29 patients were assigned to class A, 101 patients were assigned to class B/C. From the database of cirrhotic patients without PVT 60 Controls for class A and 205 for B/C were selected using sratified randomization by sex, age and etiology of cirrhosis. The Mann-Whitney U-test and Pearson's chi-squared test were used to compare the groups. Odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were calculated. Logistic regression models are constructed with the separation of the sample into training and test (0.7; 0.3). The operational characteristics of the models were calculated on the test sample; ROC analysis was carried out, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated.Results. The overall frequency of PVT was 4.1 % (95 % CI 2.7-5.8 %) in class A and 10.4 % (95 % CI 8.5-12.5 %) class B/C. Patients with class A and B/C PVT differed from the corresponding controls by more severe portal hypertension: the frequency of bleeding / number of interventions on varices compared with the control were 41/45 % vs. 7/8 % (p < 0.001) for class A and 25.7/30.7 % vs. 16.1/16.1 % (p < 0.05) for class B/C, ascites frequency was 24 % vs. 8 % (p < 0.05) for class A and 89.1 % vs. 68.3 % (p < 0.001) for class B/C. The cutoff by the portal vein diameter was the same for both classes — 13.4 mm; the spleen length was similar and amounted 17.5 mm for class A, 17.1 mm for class B/C. Patients with PVT differed from the corresponding controls by neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio: class A 2.33 (1.82; 3.61) vs. 1.76 (1.37; 2.20), p < 0.01, class B/C 2.49 (1.93; 3.34) vs. 2.15 (1.49; 3.26), p < 0.05. Patients of class B/C had a higher incidence of newly diagnosed malignant tumors - 23.8% (primarily HCC that does not invade the portal vein), compared with control and cases of class A - 6.3 % and 3 % (p < 0.05), respectively. The best model for class A included variceal bleeding, ascites, portal vein diameter, absolute number of neutrophils, for class B — ascites, spleen length, portal vein diameter, malignant tumors / local factors; sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and AUC were 79.3 %, 90 %, 86.5 %, 0.897 and 73.3 %, 68.3 %, 69.9 %, 0.789, respectively.Conclusion. Independently of the Child-Pugh class of LC, the main risk factor for PVT is severe portal hypertension.
Intrahepatic Cholestasis in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Pathogenesis and Role of Ademetionine in Treatment
Authors: Shirokova Ye. N. 
Published: August 2023

Aim: to evaluate features of intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC) pathogenesis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as well as role of ademetionine in treatment of this condition.Key statements. NAFLD is the most frequent chronic diffuse liver disease. Increase in proportion of people with excess weight, obesity, and metabolic dysregulation leads to higher rates of NAFLD. Concomitant IHC is present in 30 % of NAFLD patients, while it is associated with more active disease course and possible worsening of prognosis. Impairment of adipocyte and hepatocyte metabolism, gut dysbiosis, and inherent factors are recognized as significant factors for NAFLD development. In NAFLD patients most of IHC cases are related to functional cholestasis. IHC in NAFLD is associated with increased risks of fibrosis and all-cause death. Ademetionine may restore transmethylation and improve rheologic properties of hepatocyte membranes in liver disease. In IHC patients treatment with ademetionine led to decreased serum bilirubin concentrations, as well as lowering of the liver transaminases' and alkaline phosphatase activities. At the same time improvement of symptoms severity, including itching, was noted. Taking into account the efficacy of ademetionine in IHC in NAFLD patients, its' use was included in the national clinical guidelines.Conclusion. Use of ademetionine in NAFLD with concomitant IHC is feasible from pathogenesis perspective and may be effective in clinical practice.