bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Whole Spine MRI Based Study of the Prevalence, Associated Disc Degeneration and Anatomical Correlations of Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebra
Authors: Bhagchandani Chintan , Murugan Chandhan , Jakkepally Sridhar , Shetty Ajoy Prasad , Kanna Rishi Mugesh , Rajasekaran Shanmuganathan 
Published: March 2023

Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Objective Lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LSTV) results in numerical alterations of the lumbar and sacral segments. Literature concerning true prevalence, associated disc degeneration, and variation in numerous anatomical landmarks concerning LSTV is lacking. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study. The prevalence of LSTV was determined in whole spine MRIs of 2011 poly-trauma patients. LSTV was identified as sacralization (LSTV-S) or lumbarization (LSTV-L) and further sub-classified into Castellvi’s and O’Driscoll’s type respectively. Disc degeneration was evaluated using Pfirmann grading. Variation in important anatomical landmarks was also analysed. Results Prevalence of LSTV was 11.6% with 82% having LSTV-S. Castellvi’s type 2A and O’Driscoll type 4 were the commonest sub-types. LSTV patients demonstrated considerably advanced disc degeneration. The median termination level of conus medullaris (TLCM) in non- LSTV and LSTV-L groups was at middle L1 (48.1% and 40.2%) while in the LSTV-S group, it was at upper L1 (47.2%). The median level of right renal artery (RRA) in non- LSTV patients was at middle L1 in 40.0% of individuals while in the LSTV-L and LSTV-S groups, it was at upper L1 level in 35.2% and 56.2% respectively. The median level of abdominal aortic bifurcation (AA) in non-LSTV and LSTV-S patients was at middle L4 in 83.3% and 52.04% respectively. However, in the LSTV-L group, the most common level was middle L5 (53.6%). Conclusion The overall prevalence of LSTV was 11.6%, with sacralization accounting for more than 80%. LSTV is associated with disc degeneration and a variation in the levels of important anatomical landmarks.
Determinants of the Attitude to COVID-19 Vaccine in Lima-Peru: Path Analysis and Structural Regression
Authors: Hervias-Guerra Edmundo , Capa-Luque Walter , Bazán-Ramírez Aldo , Cossío-Reynaga Marina 
Published: March 2023

Introduction Research on the effects of COVID-19 has shown that a favorable attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine would help reduce the pandemic's sequelae and avoid lethal variants. Objective A theoretical model was tested through the strategy of path analysis and structural equation modeling, seeking to evaluate the direct effect of neuroticism and the indirect effects of risk-avoidance and rule-following behaviors, mediated by attitudes toward science. Methods A total of 459 adults, mostly women (61%), mean age 28.51 ( SD = 10.36), living in Lima (Peru), participated. The scales of neuroticism, risk avoidance behavior (RAB), norm following (NF), attitudes toward science, and attitudes toward vaccination were administered. Results The path analysis explained 36% of the variance in vaccine attitude, whereas the latent structural regression model achieved a 54% explanation; according to this model attitude toward science ( β=.70, p < .01) and neuroticism ( β=-.16, p < .01) are significant predictors of vaccine attitude. Likewise, risk avoidance behavior and rule-following have indirect effects on attitudes toward vaccination. Conclusion Low neuroticism and a positive attitude toward the science that mediates the effects of RAB and NF directly condition the possibility of vaccination against COVID-19 in the adult population.
Integrated analysis identifies oxidative stress-related lncRNAs associated with progression and prognosis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen Rui , Wei Jun-Min 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Oxidative stress reactions have been reportedly associated with oncogenesis and tumor progression. By analyzing mRNA expression data and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we aimed to construct an oxidative stress-related long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) risk model and identify oxidative stress-related biomarkers to improve the prognosis and treatment of CRC.

Results
Differentially expressed oxidative stress-related genes (DEOSGs) and oxidative stress-related lncRNAs were identified by using bioinformatics tools. An oxidative stress-related lncRNA risk model was constructed based on 9 lncRNAs (AC034213.1, AC008124.1, LINC01836, USP30-AS1, AP003555.1, AC083906.3, AC008494.3, AC009549.1, and AP006621.3) by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. The patients were then divided into high- and low-risk groups based on the median risk score. The high-risk group had a significantly worse overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves displayed the favorable predictive performance of the risk model. The nomogram successfully quantified the contribution of each metric to survival, and the concordance index and calibration plots demonstrated its excellent predictive capacity. Notably, different risk subgroups showed significant differences in terms of their metabolic activity, mutation landscape, immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity. Specifically, differences in the immune microenvironment implied that CRC patients in certain subgroups might be more responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Conclusions
Oxidative stress-related lncRNAs can predict the prognosis of CRC patients, which provides new insight for future immunotherapies based on potential oxidative stress targets.
RPL11 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell autophagy
Authors: Chen Jie , Lei Changda , Zhang Huahua , Huang Xiaoyong , Yang Yang , Liu Junli , Jia Yuna , Shi Haiyan , Zhang Yunqing , Zhang Jing , Du Juan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Abnormal biogenesis and ribosome free function of ribosomal proteins (RPs) is important for tumorgenesis and development. Ribosomal protein L11 (RPL11) is a component of ribosomal 60 S large subunit with different roles in different cancers. Here, we aimed to unravel the role of RPL11 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially those affecting cell proliferation.

Methods
RPL11 expression in NCI-H1650, NCI-H1299, A549 and HCC827 and normal lung bronchial epithelial cells HBE was detected using western blotting. The function of RPL11 in NSCLC cells were determined by investigating cell viablity, colony formation and cell migration. Mechanism expoloration of RPL11 effect on NSCLC cells proliferation was explored using flow cytometry, and the effect on autophagy was investigated by the additon of autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA).

Results
RPL11 was highly expressed in NSCLC cells. Extopic expression of RPL11 promoted NCI-H1299 and A549 cells proliferation, and migration, and promoted the transition from the G1 phase to the S phase of the cell cycle. Small RNA interference of RPL11 (siRNA) suppressed NCI-H1299 and A549 cells proliferation and migration and arrested the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase. Moreover, RPL11 promoted NSCLC cell proliferation by modulating autophagy and ERS. Expression levels of autophagy and ERS markers were induced by RPL11 overexpression and inhibited by siRPL11. CQ partially suppressed RPL11-induced A549 and NCI-H1299 proliferation: CQ addition reduced RPL11-induced cells viability and clone numbers and reversed the cell cycle process. ERS inhibitor (TUDCA) partially reversed RPL11-induced autophagy.

Conclusion
Taken together, RPL11 has a tumor-promoting role in NSCLC. It promotes the cell proliferation of NSCLC cells by regulating ERS and autophagy.
The effect of combining nutrient intake and physical activity levels on central obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity: a population-based cross-sectional study in South Korea
Authors: Park Jong Eun , Lee Seulgi , Kim Kirang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of combining nutritional and physical activity (PA) factors on four different categories, according to the presence or absence of sarcopenia and central obesity.MethodsFrom the 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2971 older adults aged ≥ 65 years were included and divided into four groups based on their sarcopenia and central obesity status: healthy control (39.3%), central obesity (28.9%), sarcopenia (27.4%), and sarcopenic obesity (4.4%). Central obesity was defined as a waist circumference of ≥ 90 cm in men and ≥ 85 cm in women. Sarcopenia was defined as an appendicular skeletal mass index of < 7.0 kg/m2in men and < 5.4 kg/m2in women, and sarcopenic obesity was defined as the coexistence of sarcopenia and central obesity.ResultsParticipants who consumed more energy and protein than the average requirement had a lower likelihood of having sarcopenia (odds ratio (OR): 0.601, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.444–0.814) than those who did not consume enough nutrients. The likelihood of central obesity and sarcopenic obesity decreased in groups with recommended PA levels, regardless of whether energy intake met or did not meet the average requirement. Whether PA met or did not meet the recommended level, the likelihood of sarcopenia decreased in groups with energy intake that met the average requirement. However, when PA and energy requirements were met, there was a greater reduction in the likelihood of sarcopenia (OR: 0.436, 95% CI: 0.290–0.655).ConclusionThese findings suggest that adequate energy intake that meets requirements is more likely to be effective as a major prevention and treatment goal for sarcopenia, whereas PA guidelines should be prioritized in the case of sarcopenic obesity.
Effects of 12-week Tai Chi program on physical function, depression, and quality of life among cognitively impaired older adults: a feasibility study
Authors: Oh Hyunkyoung , Song Rhayun , Kim Seon Joo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Older adults with cognitive decline need physical activity for maintaining brain health and mitigating cognitive decline. Tai Chi is a safe and gentle aerobic exercise and has been recommended for people with various health conditions to improve their physical functioning, well-being, and quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to determine the feasibility of a 12-week program of Tai Chi for memory (TCM) among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia; and to determine the pilot effects of TCM on physical functioning, depression, and health-related QoL.

Methods
A quasi-experimental design was used with two groups: MCI and dementia. The feasibility of the 12-week TCM program was assessed after it finished in terms of its acceptability, demand, implementation, practicality, adaptation, integration, expansion, and limited-efficacy testing. Other health-related outcomes, physical functioning, depression, and health-related QoL were measured before and after the TCM program. Outcome measures consist of a digital hand dynamometer for grip strength, the standard sit-and-reach test, the one-leg-standing balance test, timed up and go (TUG) test, the Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale, and the 12-item Short Form survey (SF-12). Paired and independent t-tests were used to compare the effects of TCM within and between groups.

Results
The TCM program was completed by 41 participants with MCI (n = 21) or dementia (n = 20), and its accepted feasibility was assessed. After TCM, the MCI group exhibited significant enhancements in right-hand grip strength (t = − 2.13, p = .04) and physical-health-related QoL (t = − 2.27, p = .03). TUG scores improved in both groups (MCI, t = 3.96 p = .001; dementia, t = 2.54 p = .02). The adopted form of the TCM program was effectively and safely applied to those with various levels of cognitive impairment. The program was well accepted by the participants with a mean attendance rate of 87%. No adverse events were reported during the program.

Conclusion
TCM has the potential to improve physical functioning and QoL. Since there was no comparison group to control for confounding factors and low statistical power in the present study, further studies are warranted with a stronger design that includes longer follow-up periods. This protocol was retrospectively registered on Dec 1, 2022 (NCT05629650) at ClinicalTrials.gov.
Differences in autonomic nervous system activity between long-acting injectable aripiprazole and oral aripiprazole in schizophrenia
Authors: Hattori Saki , Suda Akira , Kishida Ikuko , Miyauchi Masatoshi , Shiraishi Yohko , Noguchi Nobuhiko , Furuno Taku , Asami Takeshi , Fujibayashi Mami , Tsujita Natsuki , Ishii Chie , Ishii Norio , Saeki Takashi , Fukushima Tadashi , Moritani Toshio , Saigusa Yusuke , Hishimoto Akitoyo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Distinct oral atypical antipsychotics have different effects on autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity. Among them, oral aripiprazole has been linked to dysfunction of the ANS in schizophrenia. Long-acting injectable aripiprazole is a major treatment option for schizophrenia, but the effect of the aripiprazole formulation on ANS activity remains unclear. In this study, we compared ANS activity between oral aripiprazole and aripiprazole once-monthly (AOM) in schizophrenia.

Methods
Of the 122 patients with schizophrenia who participated in this study, 72 received oral aripiprazole and 50 received AOM as monotherapy. We used power spectral analysis of heart rate variability to assess ANS activity.

Results
Patients who received oral aripiprazole showed significantly diminished sympathetic nervous activity compared with those who received AOM. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the aripiprazole formulation significantly influenced sympathetic nervous activity.

Conclusion
Compared with oral aripiprazole, AOM appears to have fewer adverse effects, such as sympathetic nervous dysfunction.
Prevalence and risk factors of anxious and depressive symptoms in first-trimester females and their partners: a study during the pandemic era of COVID-19 in China
Authors: Qin Xuemei , Zhang Weiling , Xu Shuyin , Ma Mohan , Fan Xing , Nie Xueqing , Liu Jin , Ju Yumeng , Zhang Li , Li Lingjiang , Zhang Yan , Liu Bangshan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 lastingly affects public mental health. Many studies have described symptoms of anxiety and depression in pregnant women before the pandemic. However, the limited study focuses on the prevalence and risk factors of mood symptoms among first-trimester females and their partners during the pandemic in China, which was the aim of the study.

Methods
One hundred and sixty-nine first-trimester couples were enrolled. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item, Family Assessment Device-General Functioning (FAD-GF), and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire, Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) were applied. Data were mainly analyzed through logistic regression analysis.

Results
17.75% and 5.92% of first-trimester females had depressive and anxious symptoms, respectively. Among partners, 11.83% and 9.47% had depressive and anxious symptoms, respectively. In females, higher scores of FAD-GF (OR = 5.46 and 13.09; P < 0.05) and lower scores of Q-LES-Q-SF (OR = 0.83 and 0.70; P < 0.01) were related to the risk of depressive and anxious symptoms. Higher scores of FAD-GF were associated with the risk of depressive and anxious symptoms in partners (OR = 3.95 and 6.89; P < 0.05). A history of smoking was also related to males’ depressive symptoms (OR = 4.49; P < 0.05).

Conclusion
This study prompted prominent mood symptoms during the pandemic. Family functioning, quality of life, and smoking history increased risks of mood symptoms among early pregnant families, which facilitated the updating of medical intervention. However, the current study did not explore interventions based on these findings.
Spatial associations of long-term exposure to diesel particulate matter with seasonal and annual mortality due to COVID-19 in the contiguous United States
Authors: Mathieu Martine Elisabeth , Gray Joshua , Richmond-Bryant Jennifer 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
People with certain underlying respiratory and cardiovascular conditions might be at an increased risk for severe illness from COVID-19. Diesel Particulate Matter (DPM) exposure may affect the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems. The study aims to assess if DPM was spatially associated with COVID-19 mortality rates across three waves of the disease and throughout 2020.

Methods
We tested an ordinary least squares (OLS) model, then two global models, a spatial lag model (SLM) and a spatial error model (SEM) designed to explore spatial dependence, and a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model designed to explore local associations between COVID-19 mortality rates and DPM exposure, using data from the 2018 AirToxScreen database.

Results
The GWR model found that associations between COVID-19 mortality rate and DPM concentrations may increase up to 77 deaths per 100,000 people in some US counties for every interquartile range (0.21 μg/m3) increase in DPM concentration. Significant positive associations between mortality rate and DPM were observed in New York, New Jersey, eastern Pennsylvania, and western Connecticut for the wave from January to May, and in southern Florida and southern Texas for June to September. The period from October to December exhibited a negative association in most parts of the US, which seems to have influenced the year-long relationship due to the large number of deaths during that wave of the disease.

Conclusions
Our models provided a picture in which long-term DPM exposure may have influenced COVID-19 mortality during the early stages of the disease. That influence appears to have waned over time as transmission patterns evolved.
Insertion sites of the muscles attached to the clavicle: a cadaveric study of the clavicle
Authors: Imazato Hiroyuki , Takahashi Nobuyasu , Sawaguchi Akira , Hirakawa Yusuke , Yamaguchi Yoichiro , Hiyoshi Masaru , Tajima Takuya , Chosa Etsuo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Clavicle fractures are common injuries, especially in young, active individuals. Operative treatment is recommended for completely displaced clavicle shaft fractures, and plate fixation is stronger than the use of intramedullary nails. Few studies have reported on iatrogenic injuries to the muscle attached to the clavicle during fracture surgery. The aim of this study was to clarify the area of the insertion sites of muscles attached to the clavicle in Japanese cadavers using gross anatomy and three-dimensional (3D) analysis. We also aimed to compare the effects of anterior plate templating and superior plate templating on clavicle shaft fractures using 3D images.

Methods
Thirty-eight clavicles from Japanese cadavers were analyzed. We removed all clavicles to identify the insertion sites and measured the size of the insertion area of each muscle. Three-dimensional templating was performed on both the superior and anterior plates of the clavicle using data obtained from computed tomography. The areas covered by these plates on the muscles attached to the clavicle were compared. Histological examination was performed on four randomly selected specimens.

Results
The sternocleidomastoid muscle was attached proximally and superiorly; the trapezius muscle was attached posteriorly and partly superiorly; and the pectoralis major muscle and deltoid muscles were attached anteriorly and partially superiorly. The non-attachment area was located mainly in the posterosuperior part of the clavicle. It was difficult to distinguish the borders of the periosteum and pectoralis major muscles. The anterior plate covered a significantly broader area (mean 6.94 ± 1.36 cm2) of the muscles attached to the clavicle than did the superior plate (mean 4.11 ± 1.52 cm2) (p < 0.0001). On microscopy, these muscles were inserted directly into the periosteum.

Conclusion
Most of the pectoralis major and deltoid muscles were attached anteriorly. The non-attachment area was located mainly from the superior to posterior part of the clavicle midshaft. Both macroscopically and microscopically, the boundaries between the periosteum and these muscles were difficult to demarcate. The anterior plate covered a significantly broader area of the muscles attached to the clavicle than that by the superior plate.
Anxiety, attitudes, and education about fertility among medical students in the United States
Authors: Smith D. Grace , Ross Abigail , HogenEsch Elena , Okine Rachel , Bonus Marissa L. , Feinberg Eve C. , Bernardi Lia A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
As delayed family building is common among physicians, the goal of this study was to evaluate childbearing plans, anxiety related to future fertility, and interest in fertility education among medical students.

Methods
Using convenience and snowball sampling methods, an electronic REDCap survey was distributed via social media and group messaging applications to medical students enrolled in medical schools across the United States. Answers were collected, and analysis of the descriptive statistics was performed.

Results
The survey was completed by 175 participants, 72% of which were female (assigned at birth). The mean (± SD) age of participants was 24.9 ± 1.9 years. Of all participants, 78.3% desire to have children and 65.1% of these individuals plan to delay childbearing. On average, the planned age of first pregnancy is 31.0 ± 2.3 years. “Lack of time” was the greatest influence on decision regarding timing of childbearing.
Of all respondents, 58.9% reported at least some anxiety related to future fertility. When females and males were compared, significantly more females (73.8%) versus males (20.4%) reported worrying about future fertility (p < 0.001). Participants reported that greater knowledge about infertility and potential treatments would help ease fertility related anxiety, and 66.9% of respondents showed interest in learning about how things such as age and lifestyle can impact fertility, preferably through medical curricula, videos, and podcasts.

Conclusion
A majority of the medical students in this cohort intend to have children and most plan to delay childbearing. A large percentage of female medical students reported anxiety related to future fertility, but many students showed interest in receiving fertility education. This study highlights an opportunity for medical school educators to incorporate targeted fertility education into their curriculum with the intention of decreasing anxiety and improving future reproductive success.