bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ABCB5+ mesenchymal stromal cells therapy protects from hypoxia by restoring Ca2+ homeostasis in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Yan Kaixuan , Zheng Jiaxing , Kluth Mark Andreas , Li Lin , Ganss Christoph , Yard Benito , Magdeburg Richard , Frank Markus H. , Pallavi Prama , Keese Michael 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Hypoxia in ischemic disease impairs Ca2+ homeostasis and may promote angiogenesis. The therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in peripheral arterial occlusive disease is well established, yet its influence on cellular Ca2+ homeostasis remains to be elucidated. We addressed the influence of ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 5 positive mesenchymal stromal cells (ABCB5+ MSCs) on Ca2+ homeostasis in hypoxic human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro and in vivo.

Methods
Hypoxia was induced in HUVECs by Cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl2) or Deferoxamine (DFO). Dynamic changes in the cytosolic- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ and changes in reactive oxygen species were assessed by appropriate fluorescence-based sensors. Metabolic activity, cell migration, and tube formation were assessed by standard assays. Acute-on-chronic ischemia in Apolipoprotein E knock-out (ApoE−/−) mice was performed by double ligation of the right femoral artery (DFLA). ABCB5+ MSC cells were injected into the ischemic limb. Functional recovery after DFLA and histology of gastrocnemius and aorta were assessed.

Results
Hypoxia-induced impairment of cytosolic and ER Ca2+ were restored by ABCB5+ MSCs or their conditioned medium. Similar was found for changes in intracellular ROS production, metabolic activity, migratory ability and tube formation. The restoration was paralleled by an increased expression of the Ca2+ transporter Sarco-/endoplasmic reticulum ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) and the phosphorylation of Phospholamban (PLN). In acute-on-chronic ischemia, ABCB5+ MSCs treated mice showed a higher microvascular density, increased SERCA2a expression and PLN phosphorylation relative to untreated controls.

Conclusions
ABCB5+ MSCs therapy can restore cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, which may beneficially affect the angiogenic function of endothelial cells under hypoxia in vitro and in vivo.
Safety and efficacy outcomes after intranasal administration of neural stem cells in cerebral palsy: a randomized phase 1/2 controlled trial
Authors: Lv Zhongyue , Li Ying , Wang Yachen , Cong Fengyu , Li Xiaoyan , Cui Wanming , Han Chao , Wei Yushan , Hong Xiaojun , Liu Yong , Ma Luyi , Jiao Yang , Zhang Chi , Li Huanjie , Jin Mingyan , Wang Liang , Ni Shiwei , Liu Jing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are believed to have the most therapeutic potential for neurological disorders because they can differentiate into various neurons and glial cells. This research evaluated the safety and efficacy of intranasal administration of NSCs in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The functional brain network (FBN) analysis based on electroencephalogram (EEG) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis based on T1-weighted images were performed to evaluate functional and structural changes in the brain.

Methods
A total of 25 CP patients aged 3–12 years were randomly assigned to the treatment group (n = 15), which received an intranasal infusion of NSCs loaded with nasal patches and rehabilitation therapy, or the control group (n = 10) received rehabilitation therapy only. The primary endpoints were the safety (assessed by the incidence of adverse events (AEs), laboratory and imaging examinations) and the changes in the Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88), the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), and some adapted scales. The secondary endpoints were the FBN and VBM analysis.

Results
There were only four AEs happened during the 24-month follow-up period. There was no significant difference in the laboratory examinations before and after treatment, and the magnetic resonance imaging showed no abnormal nasal and intracranial masses. Compared to the control group, patients in the treatment group showed apparent improvements in GMFM-88 and ADL 24 months after treatment. Compared with the baseline, the scale scores of the Fine Motor Function, Sociability, Life Adaptability, Expressive Ability, GMFM-88, and ADL increased significantly in the treatment group 24 months after treatment, while the SDSC score decreased considerably. Compared with baseline, the FBN analysis showed a substantial decrease in brain network energy, and the VBM analysis showed a significant increase in gray matter volume in the treatment group after NSCs treatment.

Conclusions
Our results showed that intranasal administration of NSCs was well-tolerated and potentially beneficial in children with CP.
Trial registration: The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03005249, registered 29 December 2016, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03005249) and the Medical Research Registration Information System (CMR-20161129-1003).
Mutation-class dependent signatures outweigh disease-associated processes in cystic fibrosis cells
Authors: Santos Lúcia , Nascimento Rui , Duarte Aires , Railean Violeta , Amaral Margarida D. , Harrison Patrick T. , Gama-Carvalho Margarida , Farinha Carlos M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe phenotypic heterogeneity observed in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients suggests the involvement of other genes, besidesCFTR. Here, we combined transcriptome and proteome analysis to understand the global gene expression patterns associated with five prototypicalCFTRmutations.ResultsEvaluation of differentially expressed genes and proteins unveiled common and mutation-specific changes revealing functional signatures that are much more associated with the specific molecular defects associated with each mutation than to the CFTR loss-of-function phenotype. The combination of both datasets revealed that mutation-specific detected translated-transcripts (Dtt) have a high level of consistency.ConclusionsThis is the first combined transcriptomic and proteomic study focusing on prototypicalCFTRmutations. Analysis of Dtt provides novel insight into the pathophysiology of CF, and the mechanisms through which each mutation class causes disease and will likely contribute to the identification of new therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers for CF.
An analysis of net farm income to guide agricultural policies in the Ethiopian highlands
Authors: Okoth P. F. , Stoorvogel J. J. , Heesmans H. I. M. , Besufkad Amha , Tolla Mekonnen , Mamuye Melkamu , Gebremeskel Yemane , Elias Eyasu , van Beek C. L. , Smaling E. M. A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
As part of a larger food security project under Ethiopia’s Agricultural Growth Program (CASCAPE), 928 farms in the Ethiopian Highlands were surveyed between 2012 and 2017. The aim was to determine whether the Net Farm Income (NFI) is a relevant indicator that drives food security at the household and the farm level, and to determine its drivers across six study regions of Ethiopia (i.e., Addis Ababa, Hawassa, Haramaya, Bahir Dar, Jimma, and Mekelle). The effect of different socio-economic and environmental drivers on NFI was determined using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, k-means clustering and comparison of high and low NFI quartiles per region.

Results
The average annual NFI in Ethiopia was just below 1000 US$ per farm household, with Addis Ababa region leading. Jimma and Bahir Dar were just above average, and the others were at the lower end. In the correlation analysis, NFI was best explained by farm size, net cash flow and the use of nitrogen fertilizer. Male-headed households earned considerably more than female-headed households. The k-means clustering yielded two major farm types on the basis of significant differences in rainfall, farm size, education level, crop diversity, cash flow and N fertilizer use. An analysis of richest 25% versus poorest 25% per region showed Addis Ababa, Bahir Dar, Jimma and Mekelle regions all had significant differences between the two quartiles in farm size, crop diversity and N fertilizer use, whereas Hawassa and Haramaya regions seem more homogeneous.

Conclusions
The survey results present new entry points for informed decision making through targeted, area-specific food security policies in the Ethiopian Highlands by virtue of insight in the regional spread of NFI and its driving forces. Important deductions from the results are policy actions that are obtainable from the results. For example, the farm-size variable provides an indicator on the type of policy action that is required to determine the farm sizes that generate sufficient returns on the overall farming investment. Next, cash-flow is a variable that speaks to the idea on the amount of hard-cash needed by a household to enable it get meaningful returns on cash invested on farming, or a guaranteed minimum return on any specific crop(s) or animal production. Nitrogen fertilizer as an analysis variable is predominantly a crop productivity indicator. In order for the farming to be sustainable, there is need for policy articulation on the amount of nitrogen required for specific yields and crops. Finally, location and rainfall parameters require recommendations on location specific crop management policies that correspond to the rainfall amount, soil types, ecological zones and distance from the markets as maybe gleaned from the results.
Road accessibility and agricultural extension services in Malawi
Authors: Lee Han Bum , McNamara Paul E. , Ho Hitomi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
In recognition of the potential importance of road access in the provision of and request for agricultural extension services, this study investigates whether and to what extent access to paved roads would influence farmers’ access to extension services, using a nationally representative sample of households and communities in Malawi. Our study proposes an extension access measure that reflects the diversity of agricultural topics and extension service providers available in the village where farmers resided, which commonly is captured in a binary fashion of “contact” with extension agents.

Method
The level of extension access is measured in the form of count data, and we employ a hurdle negative binomial regression model to account for unobserved farmer heterogeneity and excessive zeros that represent a group of farmers who received no extension services due to a lack of supply of extension opportunities in the village or a lack of demand.

Results
We find a negative and non-linear relationship between access to paved roads and extension services, showing that, on average, the extent of access to extension services decreased by 14.1 percent as a farmer’s residence was one log of distance away from the nearest paved road. Women farmers had considerably lower extension access scores by 24.3 percent than men, indicating the prevalence of the country’s deeply rooted cultural and gender barriers. Furthermore, serving as lead farmers, human capital and economic characteristics, and extension resources available in the village—such as the number of extension agents and demonstration and farm trials—are identified as factors having a sizable contribution to determining the extent of extension access.

Conclusion
Our study findings will provide empirical evidence that answers questions raised by past studies concerning the relationship among roads, agricultural extension, productivity, and other economic outcomes. Also, it will inform future research about the access to agricultural extension and agricultural development nexus.
Emergency room presentations of people with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Mehler Philip S. , Anderson Kristin , Bauschka Maryrose , Cost Jeana , Farooq Asma 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPeople with anorexia nervosa (AN) tend to shy away from engaging in typical primary care provider relationships in order to avoid detection. Therefore, they may seek care for their medical concerns through a local emergency department (ED). Inherently, AN is associated with a litany of medical complications, which become more prevalent as the severity of their eating disorder increases. Notwithstanding the typical young age at the onset of AN, no body system is immune to these medical complications. Thus, ED providers may need to pursue a medical diagnosis in order to explain presenting symptoms in people with AN. In addition to the medical issues, AN is also a serious mental illness with high mortality rates, including deaths by suicide. Therefore, ED providers also need to be familiar with relevant mental health issues for these people.
Zinc oxide calcium silicate composite attenuates acute tramadol toxicity in mice
Authors: ElShebiney Shaimaa A. , Elgohary Rania , Kenawy Sayed H. , El-Bassyouni Gehan T. , Hamzawy Esmat M. A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Seizures are considered to be the most common symptom encountered in emergency- rushed tramadol-poisoned patients; accounting for 8% of the drug-induced seizure cases. Although, diazepam clears these seizures, the risk of central respiratory depression cannot be overlooked. Henceforth, three adsorbing composites were examined in a tramadol acute intoxication mouse model.

Methods
Calcium Silicate (Wollastonite) either non-doped or wet doped with iron oxide (3%Fe2O3) or zinc oxide (30% ZnO) were prepared. The composites’ adsorption capacity for tramadol was determined in vitro. Tramadol intoxication was induced in Swiss albino mice by a parenteral dose of 120 mg/kg. Proposed treatments were administered within 1 min at 5 increasing doses, i.p. The next 30 min, seizures were monitored as an intoxication symptom. Plasma tramadol concentration was recorded after two hours of administration.

Results
The 3% Fe2O3-containing composite (CSFe3), was found to be composed of mainly wollastonite with very little alpha–hematite. On the other hand, hardystonite and wellimite were developed in the 30%ZnO-containing composite (CSZn3). Micro-round and irregular nano-sized microstructures were established (The particle size of CS was 56 nm, CSFe3 was 49 nm, and CSZn3 was 42 nm). The CSZn3 adsorption capacity reached 1497 mg of tramadol for each gram. Tramadol concentration was reduced in plasma and seizures were inhibited after its administration to mice at three doses.

Conclusion
The calcium silicate composite doped with ZnO presented a good resolution of tramadol-induced seizures accompanied by detoxification of blood, indicating its potential for application in such cases. Further studies are required.
In orbit calibration of the non-orthogonality of the two fluxgate sensors onboard CSES
Authors: Tong Yuqi , Zhou Bin , Li Lei , Cheng Bingjun , Zhang Yiteng , Magnes Werner , Lammegger Roland , Pollinger Andreas , Yang Yanyan , Zeren Zhima , Shen Xuhui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the accumulation of data, it is possible to study the long-term variation of Fluxgate Magnetometers (FGM) of High Precision Magnetometer (HPM) onboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES). The calibration method of HPM depends on an assumption that the linear parameters of FGM, including the gain factors, the offsets, and non-orthogonal angles are stable. However, HPM exhibits some unexpected trends in the scalar residuals when processed according to the assumption. Study on the residual finds out that under changing space thermal conditions, the non-orthogonal angles of FGM change periodically, suggesting that the data calibration method we used before should be modified. A multi-dimensional polynomial model is established for defining the change of non-orthogonal angles of FGM as a function of the sun incidence angles, geographic latitude and sensor temperature. Apply the polynomial model to data from August 2018 to May 2021, the standard deviation of the scalar residuals is reduced to around 0.5 nT and tends to be more random and in line with the normal distribution. Meanwhile, the variation trend in gain factors and offset factors are eliminated. Results show that the model can correctly reflect the period variation of the non-orthogonal angles of FGM with the space thermal conditions.
Graphical Abstract
Predicting prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on deep learning: peritumoral region should be valued
Authors: Li Song , Wan Xia , Deng Yu-Qin , Hua Hong-Li , Li Sheng-Lan , Chen Xi-Xiang , Zeng Man-Li , Zha Yunfei , Tao Ze-Zhang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to explore whether incorporating the peritumoral region to train deep neural networks could improve the performance of the models for predicting the prognosis of NPC.

Methods
A total of 381 NPC patients who were divided into high- and low-risk groups according to progression-free survival were retrospectively included. Deeplab v3 and U-Net were trained to build segmentation models for the automatic segmentation of the tumor and suspicious lymph nodes. Five datasets were constructed by expanding 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 pixels outward from the edge of the automatically segmented region. Inception-Resnet-V2, ECA-ResNet50t, EfficientNet-B3, and EfficientNet-B0 were trained with the original, segmented, and the five new constructed datasets to establish the classification models. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the performance of each model.

Results
The Dice coefficients of Deeplab v3 and U-Net were 0.741(95%CI:0.722–0.760) and 0.737(95%CI:0.720–0.754), respectively. The average areas under the curve (aAUCs) of deep learning models for classification trained with the original and segmented images and with images expanded by 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 pixels were 0.717 ± 0.043, 0.739 ± 0.016, 0.760 ± 0.010, 0.768 ± 0.018, 0.802 ± 0.013, 0.782 ± 0.039, and 0.753 ± 0.014, respectively. The models trained with the images expanded by 20 pixels obtained the best performance.

Conclusions
The peritumoral region NPC contains information related to prognosis, and the incorporation of this region could improve the performance of deep learning models for prognosis prediction.
Efficacy of an aid (gastric tube insertion guide) for oral insertion of a gastric tube: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Saima Shunsuke , Tsurumachi Naoi , Asai Takashi , Okuda Yasuhisa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Insertion of a gastric tube orally may be more difficult than its insertion nasally, and thus, any aid to facilitate its insertion may be useful. Gastric tube insertion guide (Fuji Medical Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) has recently become commercially available. We felt that this device might be useful in facilitating oral insertion of a gastric tube, but there has been no formal study assessing its efficacy. The main aim of this study was to assess whether or not this “tube guide” would facilitate insertion of an orogastric tube.

Methods
As a randomized controlled clinical study, we planned to study 40 patients, to assess the hypothesis that the success rate of insertion of an orogastric tube would be higher with the use of the “tube guide” than without. Patients were recruited when they were 20 years old, or older, and allocated randomly to one of two groups (20 people each group). In one group, the conventional “blind” insertion method was used and in the other group the “tube guide” insertion method.

Results
The success rate was significantly higher for the “tube guide” method than the “blind” insertion method (P = 0.0012, 95% CI for difference: 23–67%).

Conclusion
We have shown that the use of the gastric tube insertion guide® facilitates insertion of an orogastric tube.
Hulthén potential under the Lorentz symmetry violation effects due to the coupling between the vector field f
μ

γ
5and the derivative of the fermionic field
Authors: Bakke K. , Belich H. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We search for Lorentz symmetry violation effects caused by the coupling between a fixed vector field

and the derivative of the fermionic field in the nonrelativistic regime. By working with

dimensions, we study nonrelativistic effects of the Lorentz symmetry violation on the energy eigenvalues of the Hulthén potential and the deformed Hulthén potential.
The New Age of Andeans: Chronological Age, Indigenous Labor, and the Making of Spanish Colonial Rule
Authors: Escudero Alfredo Luis 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the Andes from the beginning of the Spanish conquest, colonial administrators sought to develop efficient methods of labor extraction. The study of chronological age, Indigenous tribute, and censuses reveals an uncharted chapter of this process. This article explores how chronological age mediated the relationship between the colonial state and Andeans by creating the administrative status of tributary. Andeans adjusted their precolonial notions of aging to the concept of chronological age, which they associated with the tribute regime. During the government of Francisco de Toledo, ordinances and law relied on chronological age to standardize the time frame for tribute obligations among male Andeans as between 18 and 50 years old, and this standardization shaped Andeans' life experiences. By the late sixteenth century, previous censuses and baptism records helped to make the administrative registration of age increasingly precise. Chronological age thus emerges as a key category to study the rise of Spanish colonial rule. In doing so, this study also challenges the association between the bureaucratic use of chronological age for population control and contemporary forms of state making.
“Maria Simoa, Who Birthed Twenty-Four Children”: Slavery, Motherhood, and Freedom on the Benedictine Estates, Pernambuco, Brazil, 1866–1871
Authors: Roth Cassia , Costa Robson Pedrosa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This article explores gradual manumission policies on the Order of Saint Benedict's slaveholdings in the Northeastern province of Pernambuco, Brazil, between 1866 and 1871. Relying on private religious records from the Monastery of Saint Benedict of Olinda (in Pernambuco) and parliamentary debates, we contend that the Benedictine order was the first corporate enslaver to implement institutionalized strategies of gradual manumission in Brazil. To do so, they relied both on enslaved women's reproductive capabilities and on their adherence to church-sanctioned gender roles. We further argue that the order's decisions and actions were ahead of national developments in several important ways, and that, to some degree, these projects were a test case for future national abolitionist policies. Although the congregation did not involve itself in political debates, its actions created a working example of gradual abolition based on enslaved women's bodies that abolitionists used to make their case nationally.
“Improve Their Condition While Making Them Useful”: Colonia General Conesa and the Dynamics of Settler Colonialism in Nineteenth-Century Argentina
Authors: Greenwald Hannah 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn 1879, as the Argentine army prepared a military campaign against Indigenous groups in the Pampas and Patagonia, the national government created an Indigenous colony called Colonia General Conesa. Conesa's inhabitants were expected to build homes and cultivate crops under military watch and become “useful” Argentine citizens in the process. This short-lived assimilationist project, which the government abandoned three years later, illuminates the rapidly shifting dynamics of Argentine settler colonial ideology. Although Argentine officials initially saw Conesa as an expedient resolution to the nation's so-called “Indian question,” the dissolution of the southern frontier line in the early 1880s necessitated a shift toward new strategies that emphasized the complete physical and discursive erasure of the region's Indigenous peoples. Conesa's history, situated within the broader context of interethnic relations in Argentina's southern borderlands, sheds light on the development of Argentine settler colonialism and exemplifies how Indigenous people were written out of the nation's history.