bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different assembly mechanisms of leaf epiphytic and endophytic bacterial communities underlie their higher diversity in more diverse forests
Authors: Yang Xian , Wang Pandeng , Xiao Bowen , Xu Qianna , Guo Qiang , Li Shao‐peng , Guo Lulu , Deng Meifeng , Lu Jianbo , Liu Lingli , Ma Keping , Schmid Bernhard , Jiang Lin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Plant microbiomes are known to influence host fitness and ecosystem functioning, but mechanisms regulating their structure are poorly understood.

Here, we explored the assembly mechanisms of leaf epiphytic and endophytic bacterial communities using a subtropical forest biodiversity experiment.

Both epiphytic and endophytic bacterial diversity increased as host tree diversity increased. However, the increased epiphytic diversity in more diverse forests was driven by greater epiphytic diversity (i.e. greater α‐diversity) on individual trees, whereas the increased endophytic diversity in more diverse forests was driven by greater dissimilarity in endophytic composition (i.e. greater β‐diversity) among trees. Mechanistically, responses of epiphytes to changes in host diversity were consistent with mass effects, whereas responses of endophytes were consistent with species sorting.

Synthesis. These results provided novel experimental evidence that biodiversity declines of plant species will lead to biodiversity declines of plant‐associated microbiomes, but the underlying mechanism may differ between habitats on the plant host.
Biological Flora of Britain and Ireland: Liparis loeselii
Authors: Jacquemyn Hans , Pankhurst Tim , Jones Peter S. , Brys Rein , Hutchings Michael J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich. (Fen Orchid) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of Britain and Ireland: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, and history and conservation.

Liparis loeselii is a small terrestrial orchid that has a circumboreal distribution and is widespread in Europe and North America. Despite its wide distribution, the species is locally rare and has declined considerably in most of its range. In Britain, the species has a disjunct distribution and is now known to occur consistently at only six sites in eastern England and three in south Wales. It is absent from Ireland. Its most characteristic habitats in Britain are inland fens and coastal dune slacks, but outside Britain it can also be found in wet meadows, marshes, forested seep springs, at lake borders or on mats of floating peat.

Populations of Liparis loeselii in dune slacks tend to be short‐lived, and can rapidly increase in size or decrease and disappear as environmental conditions change. The species does not tolerate high nutrient concentrations or low pH. It is susceptible to drought, which reduces seed germination, seedling recruitment and adult survival. Heavy predation by rabbits and rodents has been observed under drought conditions.

Liparis loeselii reproduces both by sexual reproduction, and by vegetative propagation through the production of pseudobulbs. Although flowers are accessible to insects, entomophilous pollination is unusual, and most sexual reproduction is the result of selfing. Fruits ripen late in the growing season (mid‐October) and the dust‐like seeds are dispersed during winter by wind and water. Germination occurs during the following growing season and is supported by a wide variety of mycorrhizal fungi.

Since the late 19th century Liparis loeselii has declined considerably in Britain and elsewhere in Europe, primarily due to habitat destruction and loss, natural succession, and habitat desiccation due to drainage. As a result, the species has been listed as endangered in the Bern Convention and the European Habitat Directive (92/43/EEC) and is the focus of intensive conservation efforts in many countries. Restoration of habitat by mowing, extensive grazing and peat removal, and the creation of new habitat by dune slack formation in dune systems and peat removal in fens may prolong population persistence and promote establishment of new populations.
Bacterial and fungal microbiota of mould‐ripened cheese produced in Konya
Authors: Yurt Mediha Nur Zafer , Ersoy Omeroglu Esra , Tasbasi Behiye Busra , Acar Elif Esma , Altunbas Osman , Ozalp Veli Cengiz , Sudagidan Mert 
Published: March 2023

Bacterial and fungal diversities of 24 mould‐ripened cheeses originating from Konya‐Türkiye were examined by metagenomic analysis. Firmicutes phylum, Enterococcus, Clostridium sensu stricto and Lactobacillus (Levilactobacillus) genera were the dominant bacteria. Ascomycota phylum and Penicillium and Pichia genera and Penicillium roqueforti and Pichia membranifaciens species were dominant fungi. Enterococcus faecium (n = 30) and Enterococcus faecalis (n = 6) were identified, and all strains were susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, chloramphenicol and linezolid. The highest resistance (n = 14) was against rifampin. Tetracycline resistance was determined in two strains. Biofilm‐forming ability was found in nine E. faecium and 1 E. faecalis. E. faecium strains revealed 40–88.9%, and E. faecalis showed 59.2–100% homology by pulsed field gel electrophoresis.
Risk perception in housing markets: Evidence from a fighter jet crash
Authors: D'Lima Walter , Komarek Timothy , Lopez Luis A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the capitalization of flight accident risk in housing prices near military bases in Virginia from 2003 to 2016. We focus on a localized shock caused by a fighter jet crash into an apartment complex near the Naval Air Station Oceana in Virginia Beach. Although flight accident hazards were transparently disclosed by sellers and local governments years beforehand, the crash led to a temporary (approximately 3 years) decline in the prices of properties within accident potential zones (APZ) and by a lesser magnitude, properties slightly outside the APZ boundaries. This analysis sheds light on how market participants react after an extreme event, emphasizing the role of recency in the capitalization of risk.
The effect of therapeutic plasma exchange therapy on veno‐venous ECMO weaning success in severe COVID‐19 ARDS patients
Authors: Aslan Murat , Yılmaz Rabia , Doğan Murat , Çukurova Zafer 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrimarily, this study aimed to investigate the effect of TPE (therapeutic plasma exchange) treatment on successful ECMO weaning in severe COVID‐19 ARDS patients treated with V‐V ECMO.MethodsThe study was applied retrospectively on patients over the age of 18 who were hospitalized in the ICU between January 1, 2020 and March 1, 2022.ResultsThe study was performed on 33 patients, 36.3% (n: 12) of whom received TPE treatment. The rate of successful ECMO weaning was statistically higher in the TPE treatment group (without TPE: 14.3% [n: 3], with TPE: 50% [n: 6], p = 0.044). The 1‐month mortality was also statistically lower in the TPE treatment group (p = 0.044). In the logistic analysis, It was found that the risk of unsuccessful ECMO weaning increased 6 times in those who did not receive TPE treatment (OR; 6.0, 95% CI; 1.134–31.735, p = 0.035).ConclusionTPE treatment may increase the success rate of V‐V ECMO weaning in severe COVID‐19 ARDS patients treated with V‐V ECMO.
Rewiring the respiratory pathway of Lactococcus lactis to enhance extracellular electron transfer
Authors: Gu Liuyan , Xiao Xinxin , Zhao Ge , Kempen Paul , Zhao Shuangqing , Liu Jianming , Lee Sang Yup , Solem Christian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLactococcus lactis, a lactic acid bacterium with a typical fermentative metabolism, can also use oxygen as an extracellular electron acceptor. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, that L. lactis blocked in NAD+ regeneration can use the alternative electron acceptor ferricyanide to support growth. By electrochemical analysis and characterization of strains carrying mutations in the respiratory chain, we pinpoint the essential role of the NADH dehydrogenase and 2‐amino‐3‐carboxy‐1,4‐naphtoquinone in extracellular electron transfer (EET) and uncover the underlying pathway systematically. Ferricyanide respiration has unexpected effects on L. lactis, e.g., we find that morphology is altered from the normal coccoid to a more rod shaped appearance, and that acid resistance is increased. Using adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE), we successfully enhance the capacity for EET. Whole‐genome sequencing reveals the underlying reason for the observed enhanced EET capacity to be a late‐stage blocking of menaquinone biosynthesis. The perspectives of the study are numerous, especially within food fermentation and microbiome engineering, where EET can help relieve oxidative stress, promote growth of oxygen sensitive microorganisms and play critical roles in shaping microbial communities.
Effects of outliers on remote sensing‐assisted forest biomass estimation: A case study from the United States national forest inventory
Authors: Knott Jonathan A. , Liknes Greg C. , Giebink Courtney L. , Oh Sungchan , Domke Grant M. , McRoberts Ronald E. , Quirino Valquiria F. , Walters Brian F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Large‐scale ecological sampling networks, such as national forest inventories (NFIs), collect in situ data to support biodiversity monitoring, forest management and planning, and greenhouse gas reporting. Data harmonization aims to link auxiliary remotely sensed data to field‐collected data to expand beyond field sampling plots, but outliers that arise in data harmonization—questionable observations because their values differ substantially from the rest—are rarely addressed.

In this paper, we review the sources of commonly occurring outliers, including random chance (statistical outliers), definitions and protocols set by sampling networks, and temporal and spatial mismatch between field‐collected and remotely sensed data. We illustrate different types of outliers and the effects they have on estimates of above‐ground biomass population parameters using a case study of 292 NFI plots paired with airborne laser scanning (ALS) and Sentinel‐2 data from Sawyer County, Wisconsin, United States.

Depending on the criteria used to identify outliers (sampling year, plot location error, nonresponse, presence of zeros and model residuals), as many as 53 of the 292 Forest Inventory and Analysis plot observations (18%) were identified as potential outliers using a single criterion and 111 plot observations (38%) if all criteria were used. Inclusion or removal of potential outliers led to substantial differences in estimates of mean and standard error of the estimate of biomass per unit area. The simple expansion estimator, which does not rely on ALS or other auxiliary data, was more sensitive to outliers than model‐assisted approaches that incorporated ALS and Sentinel‐2 data. Including Sentinel‐2 predictors showed minimal increases to the precision of our estimates relative to models with ALS predictors alone.

Outliers arise from many causes and can be pervasive in data harmonization workflows. Our review and case study serve as a note of caution to researchers and practitioners that the inclusion or removal of potential outliers can have unintended consequences on population parameter estimates. When used to inform large‐scale biomass mapping, carbon markets, greenhouse gas reporting and environmental policy, it is necessary to ensure the proper use of NFI and remotely sensed data in geospatial data harmonization.
Predicting severe pain after major surgery: a secondary analysis of the Peri‐operative Quality Improvement Programme (PQIP) dataset
Authors: Armstrong R. A. , Fayaz A. , Manning G. L. P. , Moonesinghe S. R. ,   the Peri‐operative Quality Improvement Programme (PQIP) delivery team, Oliver C. M. ,   for the PQIP collaborative
Published: March 2023

SummaryAcute postoperative pain is common, distressing and associated with increased morbidity. Targeted interventions can prevent its development. We aimed to develop and internally validate a predictive tool to pre‐emptively identify patients at risk of severe pain following major surgery. We analysed data from the UK Peri‐operative Quality Improvement Programme to develop and validate a logistic regression model to predict severe pain on the first postoperative day using pre‐operative variables. Secondary analyses included the use of peri‐operative variables. Data from 17,079 patients undergoing major surgery were included. Severe pain was reported by 3140 (18.4%) patients; this was more prevalent in females, patients with cancer or insulin‐dependent diabetes, current smokers and in those taking baseline opioids. Our final model included 25 pre‐operative predictors with an optimism‐corrected c‐statistic of 0.66 and good calibration (mean absolute error 0.005, p = 0.35). Decision‐curve analysis suggested an optimal cut‐off value of 20–30% predicted risk to identify high‐risk individuals. Potentially modifiable risk factors included smoking status and patient‐reported measures of psychological well‐being. Non‐modifiable factors included demographic and surgical factors. Discrimination was improved by the addition of intra‐operative variables (likelihood ratio χ2 496.5, p < 0.001) but not by the addition of baseline opioid data. On internal validation, our pre‐operative prediction model was well calibrated but discrimination was moderate. Performance was improved with the inclusion of peri‐operative covariates suggesting pre‐operative variables alone are not sufficient to adequately predict postoperative pain.
Am I being dehumanized? Development and validation of the experience of dehumanization measurement
Authors: Golossenko Artyom , Palumbo Helena , Mathai Mariya , Tran Hai‐Anh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractScholarly interest in the experience of dehumanization, the perception that one is being dehumanized, has increased significantly in recent years, yet the construct lacks a validated measurement. The purpose of this research is therefore to develop and validate a theoretically grounded experience of dehumanization measurement (EDHM) using item response theory. Evidence from five studies using data collected from participants in the United Kingdom (N = 2082) and Spain (N = 1427), shows that (a) a unidimensional structure replicates and fits well; (b) the measurement demonstrates high precision and reliability across a broad range of the latent trait; (c) the measurement demonstrates evidence for nomological and discriminant validity with constructs in the experience of dehumanization nomological network; (d) the measurement is invariant across gender and cultures; (e) the measurement demonstrates incremental validity in the prediction of important outcomes over and above conceptually overlapping constructs and prior measurements. Overall, our findings suggest the EDHM is a psychometrically sound measurement that can advance research relating to the experience of dehumanization.
Sexual orientation and self‐employment: New evidence
Authors: Pajovic Vesna , Waite Sean , Denier Nicole 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEarly studies and theory suggest sexual minorities are drawn towards the relative independence of self‐employment to avoid discrimination in paid employment. However, recent evidence is mixed, suggesting that a higher propensity for self‐employment (relative to heterosexual people) is found only among lesbian women relative to heterosexual women. This study overcomes the data limitations of prior research by using data pooled from 2007–2017 cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) and multivariate logistic regression to provide new evidence on LGB self‐employment. The results show that self‐employment is particularly high for bisexual people, especially bisexual women—but not for gay men or lesbian women. Overall, this study examines the enduring but nuanced relationship between self‐employment and sexual orientation and discusses countervailing factors related to socio‐economic resources, gender, and family structure.
Rapid detection of the MYD88 L265P mutation for pre‐ and intra‐operative diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Yamaguchi Junya , Ohka Fumiharu , Kitano Yotaro , Maeda Sachi , Motomura Kazuya , Aoki Kosuke , Takeuchi Kazuhito , Nagata Yuichi , Hattori Hikaru , Tsujiuchi Takashi , Motomura Ayako , Nishikawa Tomohide , Kibe Yuji , Shinjo Keiko , Kondo Yutaka , Saito Ryuta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MYD88) L265P mutation is a disease‐specific mutation of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) among the central nervous system tumors. Accordingly, this mutation is considered a reliable diagnostic molecular marker of PCNSL. As the intra‐operative diagnosis of PCNSL is sometimes difficult to achieve using histological examinations alone, intra‐operative detection of the MYD88 L265P mutation could be effective for the accurate diagnosis of PCNSL. Herein, we aimed to develop a novel rapid genotyping system (GeneSoC) using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on microfluidic thermal cycling technology. This real‐time PCR system shortened the analysis time, which enabled the detection of the MYD88 L265P mutation within 15 min. Rapid detection of the MYD88 L265P mutation was performed intra‐operatively using GeneSoC in 24 consecutive cases with suspected malignant brain tumors, including 10 cases with suspected PCNSL before surgery. The MYD88 L265P mutation was detected in eight cases in which tumors were pathologically diagnosed as PCNSL after the operation, while wild‐type MYD88 was detected in 16 cases. Although two of the 16 cases with wild‐type MYD88 were pathologically diagnosed as PCNSL after the operation, MYD88 L265P could be detected in all eight PCNSL cases harboring MYD88 L265P. The MYD88 L265P mutation could also be detected using cell‐free DNA derived from the cerebrospinal fluid of two PCNSL cases. Detection of the MYD88 L265P mutation using GeneSoC might not only improve the accuracy of intra‐operative diagnosis of PCNSL but also help the future pre‐operative diagnosis through liquid biopsy of cerebrospinal fluid.
An FBN1 deep intronic variant is associated with pseudoexon formation and a variable Marfan phenotype in a five generation family
Authors: Guo Dong‐chuan , Duan Xueyan , Mimnagh Kathleen , Cecchi Alana C. , Marin Isabella C. , Yu Yang , Velasco Walter V. , Lee Kwanghyuk , Zhu Xue , Murdock David R. , Leal Suzanne M. , Wheeler Marsha M. , Smith Josh , Bamshad Michael J. , Milewicz Dianna M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExome sequencing of genes associated with heritable thoracic aortic disease (HTAD) failed to identify a pathogenic variant in a large family with Marfan syndrome (MFS). A genome‐wide linkage analysis for thoracic aortic disease identified a peak at 15q21.1, and genome sequencing identified a novel deep intronic FBN1 variant that segregated with thoracic aortic disease in the family (LOD score 2.7) and was predicted to alter splicing. RT‐PCR and bulk RNA sequencing of RNA harvested from fibroblasts explanted from the affected proband revealed an insertion of a pseudoexon between exons 13 and 14 of the FBN1 transcript, predicted to lead to nonsense mediated decay (NMD). Treating the fibroblasts with an NMD inhibitor, cycloheximide, greatly improved the detection of the pseudoexon‐containing transcript. Family members with the FBN1 variant had later onset aortic events and fewer MFS systemic features than typical for individuals with haploinsufficiency of FBN1. Variable penetrance of the phenotype and negative genetic testing in MFS families should raise the possibility of deep intronic FBN1 variants and the need for additional molecular studies.
Learning to pause: Fidelity of and biases in the developmental acquisition of gaps in the communicative signals of a songbird
Authors: James Logan S. , Wang Angela S. , Bertolo Mila , Sakata Jon T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe temporal organization of sounds used in social contexts can provide information about signal function and evoke varying responses in listeners (receivers). For example, music is a universal and learned human behavior that is characterized by different rhythms and tempos that can evoke disparate responses in listeners. Similarly, birdsong is a social behavior in songbirds that is learned during critical periods in development and used to evoke physiological and behavioral responses in receivers. Recent investigations have begun to reveal the breadth of universal patterns in birdsong and their similarities to common patterns in speech and music, but relatively little is known about the degree to which biological predispositions and developmental experiences interact to shape the temporal patterning of birdsong. Here, we investigated how biological predispositions modulate the acquisition and production of an important temporal feature of birdsong, namely the duration of silent pauses (“gaps”) between vocal elements (“syllables”). Through analyses of semi‐naturally raised and experimentally tutored zebra finches, we observed that juvenile zebra finches imitate the durations of the silent gaps in their tutor's song. Further, when juveniles were experimentally tutored with stimuli containing a wide range of gap durations, we observed biases in the prevalence and stereotypy of gap durations. Together, these studies demonstrate how biological predispositions and developmental experiences differently affect distinct temporal features of birdsong and highlight similarities in developmental plasticity across birdsong, speech, and music.Research HighlightsThe temporal organization of learned acoustic patterns can be similar across human cultures and across species, suggesting biological predispositions in acquisition.We studied how biological predispositions and developmental experiences affect an important temporal feature of birdsong, namely the duration of silent intervals between vocal elements (“gaps”).Semi‐naturally and experimentally tutored zebra finches imitated the durations of gaps in their tutor's song and displayed some biases in the learning and production of gap durations and in gap variability.These findings in the zebra finch provide parallels with the acquisition of temporal features of speech and music in humans.