bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid detection of Ceftazidine/Avibactam sensitivity in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Huang Ya , Chen Huixin , Gong Chengfang , Yang Congzhu , Zhang Ting , Zheng Quan , Xie Ruiwen , Lv Fei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Currently, ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) is the primary antibiotic for treating carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections in KPC and OXA-48 families. However, due to rising CZA resistance, a fast, simple, and effective technique is needed to detect CRE sensitivity to CZA. The rapidCZA test proposed in this study only takes 4 hours to determine the CRE sensitivity to CZA. In the presence of sufficient CZA (low concentration: 8 mg/mL ceftazidime and 4 mg/mL avibactam, high concentration: 16 mg/mL ceftazidime and 4 mg/mL avibactam), glucose metabolism of CZA-resistant bacteria changes bromocresol purple from purple to yellow. After K-B testing of CZA, 83 of 241 CRE strains were resistant (< 21 mm), and 158 were susceptible to CZA (≥ 21 mm). Furthermore, eCIM testing revealed that all 83 CZA-resistant strains were NDM type, while 121 of the 158 CZA-sensitive strains were KPC type and 37 were non-enzyme producing. After the rapidCZA test, 83 CRE strains (NDM type) were resistant to CZA, and 158 CRE strains (including KPC and non-carbapenemase production) were sensitive. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values and negative predictive values of this test were all 100%. This assay is fast, accurate, and offers clinical feedback on CRE strains' CZA sensitivity in 4 hours.
Powdered green tea improved particulate matter (PM)2.5 exposure-induced cardiac cytotoxicity via TLR pathway in BALB/c mice
Authors: Kim Jong Min , Lee Hyo Lim , Go Min Ji , Kim Tae Yoon , Joo Seung Gyum , Kim Ju Hui , Lee Han Su , Heo Ho Jin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the protective effects of the aqueous green tea extract (GTE) against particulate matter (PM)2.5-induced cardiac dysfunction in BALB/c mice. The administration of GTE increased the body weight change and reduced the heart index. GTE suppressed the increase in creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CKMB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) contents in mice serum. GTE protected the antioxidant system damage by regulating the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, reduced glutathione (GSH) contents, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in heart tissues. In addition, GTE down regulated the inflammatory reaction by inhibiting the protein expression levels of Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, phosphoylated nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor alpha (p-IκB-α), caspase-1 (Cas-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), and internluekin-1beta (IL-1β). The consumption of GTE suppressed the cardiac cytotoxicity by regulating the protein expression levels of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl-2), and BCl-2 associated X (BAX). This study suggests that GTE might be a potential material to protect PM2.5-induced cardiac damage and inflammation via the TLR pathway.
Foliar application of Silicon and Salicylic acid improves growth, leaf pigments and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under nutrient deficient sandy soil
Authors: V Pruthvi Krishna , Kumar Vinai , Bisarya Dipti 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The individual benefits of Salicylic acid (SA) and Silicon (Si) on plant growth have been studied independently but there is limited research exploring the interactive effects of SA and Si on plant growth. Therefore, the objective of this current study is to evaluate the combined impact of SA and Si on the growth, chlorophyll content, and yield of maize.
Method
The effect of foliar application of Si and SA was estimated in maize in the year 2021–2022. Treatments were of two levels of varieties i.e., V1:PMH13 and V2:TA5084 and four levels of foliar application of Si and SA along with RDF i.e., T1:RDF (Control), T2:RDF + Salicylic acid (150ppm), T3:RDF + Silicon (40ppm) and T4:RDF + Salicylic acid (150ppm) + Silicon (40ppm) replicated thrice laying out in a randomized block design with a factorial arrangement (FRBD).
Results
T4recorded higher chlorophyll content (15.64 mg g− 1 FW) and growth in seedling tray experiment. It also had the highest plant height, leaf area index (LAI), total dry matter (TDM), and SPAD values in field trial. This resulted in a significant increase in grain yield (39.97%) compared to T1. Additionally, T3 and T4, which received silicon foliar application, had the least insect infestation during early crop stages compared to T1.
Conclusion
The results showed that application of Si would have increased synthesis of structural components in plant cells and enhanced resistance to environmental stresses and SA induced System Acquired Resistance (SAR) and promoted nutrient uptake. The results were further verified by principal component analysis (PCA).
Introduced honeybees (Apis mellifera) in orchid pollination: surrogate pollinators or pollen wasters?
Authors: Scaccabarozzi Daniela , Guzzetti Lorenzo , Pioltelli Emiliano , Brundrett Mark , Aromatisi Andrea , Polverino Giovanni , Vallejo-Marin Mario , Cozzolino Salvatore , Ren Zong-Xin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Biological invasion is one of the leading threats to global biodiversity. Invasive species can change the structure and dynamics of landscapes, communities, and ecosystems, and even alter mutualistic relationships across species such as pollination. Orchids are one of the most threatened plant families globally and known to have established specialised pollination mechanism to reproduce, yet the impact of invasive bees on orchid reproduction has not been comprehensively assessed. We conduct a literature survey to document global patterns of the impact of invasive honeybees on orchids’ pollination. We then present a study case from Australian orchids, testing the extent to which introduced honeybees can successfully pollinate orchids across different degrees of habitat alteration, using Diuris brumalis and D. magnifica (Orchidaceae). Globally, Apis mellifera is the principal alien bee potentially involved in orchid pollination. We show that pollinator efficiency and fruit set in D. brumalis is higher in wild habitats in which both native bees and invasive honeybees are present, relative to altered habitat with introduced honeybees only. Pollen removal and fruit set of D. magnifica rise with native bees’ abundance whilst pollinator efficiency decreases with honeybee abundance and increases with habitat size. Complementarily to our findings, our literature survey suggests that the presence of introduced honeybees adversely impacts orchid pollination, likely via inefficient pollen transfer. Given the worldwide occurrence of introduced honeybees, we warn that some orchids may be negatively impacted by these alien pollinators, especially in altered and highly fragmented habitats where natural pollination networks are compromised.
Risk factors and clinical course of hydronephrosis after flexible ureteroscopy
Authors: Takahashi Toshifumi , Koterazawa Shigeki , Soumiya Shinya , Haitani Takao , Ito Katsuhiro , Higashi Yoshihito , Yamada Hitoshi , Kanno Toru 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We wanted to assess the frequency of hydronephrosis after flexible ureteroscopy (fURS), its risk factors, and long-term outcomes. We retrospectively analyzed 865 patients who underwent fURS for renal or ureteral stones from October 2011 to December 2019 and were evaluated for hydronephrosis 3 months after surgery by ultrasonography or computed tomography. Patient demographics, preoperative ureteral stents, location and diameter of stones, operative times, use of ballistic or laser devices, intraoperative ureteral injuries, and duration of the postoperative ureteral stents were evaluated. The clinical outcome was further followed for patients identified with an abnormal 3-month follow-up. At 3 months postoperatively, 48 patients developed hydronephrosis. The median stone length was 11.6 mm in all patients, and preoperative ureteral stenting was performed in most (93.5%) patients. The operation time (77 vs. 60 minutes, p < .05) was significantly longer in the group with postoperative hydronephrosis. There was no significant difference with ureteral injury. Multiple regression analysis revealed that only the operation time significantly increased the risk for postoperative hydronephrosis. Almost all patients with mild postoperative hydronephrosis had resolution or no worsening of hydronephrosis. Only one of the three patients with moderate hydronephrosis improved, but the others did not. Only the operation time was significant as a risk factor for postoperative hydronephrosis, whereas ureteral injury and the ureteral access sheath diameter were not. Mild hydronephrosis resolved spontaneously in most patients, but those with more severe hydronephrosis might require follow-up or treatment for ureteral stricture.
Spatial-Temporal Evaluation of Satellite-Derived Rainfall Estimations for Water Resources Applications in the Upper Congo River Basin
Authors: Boluwade Alaba 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Satellite rainfall estimates are robust alternatives to gauge precipitation, especially in Africa, where several watersheds and regional water basins are poorly gauged or ungauged. In this study, six satellite precipitation products: the Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS); Tropical Applications of Meteorology Using Satellite and Ground-based Observations (TAMSAT); Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM); and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s new Integrated Multi-Satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) early run (IMERG-ER), late run (IMERG-LR) and final run (IMERG-FR) are used to force a gauge-calibrated Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model for the Congo River Basin, Central Africa. In this study, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction's Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) calibrated version of the SWAT was used as the benchmark/reference while scenario versions will be created as configurations using each satellite product identified above. CFSR was used as an independent sample, to prevent bias towards any of the satellite products. The calibrated CFSR model captured and reproduced the hydrology (timing, peak flow & seasonality) of this basin using the average monthly discharge from Jan,1984- Dec,1991. Furthermore, the results show that TRMM, IMERG-FR, and CHIRPS captured the peak flows and correctly reproduced the seasonality and timing of the monthly discharges (Jan 2007- Dec 2010). In contrast, TAMSAT, IMERG-ER, and IMERG-LR overestimated the peak flows. These results show that some of these precipitation products must be bias corrected before being used for practical applications. The results of this study will be significant in integrated water resources management in the Congo River Basin and other regional river basins in Africa. Most important, the results obtained from this study has been hosted in a repository for free access to all interested in hydrology and water resources management in Africa
Recognize and classify illnesses on tomato leaves using EfficientNet's Transfer Learning Approach with different size dataset
Authors: Buchke Pratik , Mayuri V R 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This study focuses on the remarkable progress made by the agricultural sector in utilizing image processing techniques for early detection and classification of leaf plant diseases. Timely identification of diseases is crucial, but it often poses a challenge for the human eye to discern subtle differences. To address this issue, the researchers propose a novel approach that employs EfficientNet, a deep learning model, to accurately recognize various diseases affecting tomato plant leaves. Transfer learning is applied to three different datasets comprising 3000, 8000, and 10,000 images of diseased tomato leaves. The experimental results demonstrate impressive overall accuracies of 97.3%, 99.2%, and 99.5% when using 3000, 8000, and 10,000 images, respectively, for the detection of common tomato plant diseases. This research underscores the effectiveness of image processing and deep learning techniques in achieving precise and efficient detection of tomato leaf diseases. It significantly contributes to the advancement of precision agriculture and enhanced crop management practices.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress–activated unfolding response induced by SVCV infection in epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells
Authors: Jiao Xue , Lu Yu ting , Liu Jia , Sun Jia , Wan Ji wu , Guo Zheng yao , Yang Yuan ru , Qian Ai dong , Li Yue hong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) is an efficient pathogen that causes high mortality in the common carp. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) play important roles in viral infection, replication, and in triggering host pathogenesis. However, the relationship between ERS and SVCV infection is unknown. Here, we reported that the SVCV is phosphorylated by cellular XBP1, in which specific splicing occurs and activates the IRE1-XBP1, PERK-eIF2α, and ATF6 signaling pathways. First, western blotting showed that the protein expression of GRP78 increased with the duration of infection, and eIF2ɑ protein expression also increased. Moreover, fluorescence-based quantitative PCR results showed that ERS marker GRP78 mRNA increased with time, and IRE1, XBP1, PERK, ATF4, and ATF6 mRNA levels also increased. Additionally, using tunicamycin (TM) as an ERS activator, the results showed that its optimal use concentration was 2.0 μg/mL, and the optimal use concentration of Tauroursodesoxycholic Acid (TUDCA) as an ERS inhibitor was 400 μM. In summary, SVCV virus replication could be promoted or inhibited using activation and inhibitors, and SVCV infection of EPC cells activated the IRE1-XBP1, PERK-eIF2ɑ, and ATF6 signaling pathways.
Analysis of N6-methyladenosine modification and immune infiltration characterization in thyroid associated ophthalmopathy
Authors: Yang Nan , Zhu Hui , Ma Junxin , Shao Qing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a potentially sight-threatening ocular disease that affects 50% of patients with Graves’ disease. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is post-transcriptional RNA modification in mammalian mRNA. Exploring the role of m6A regulators and the immune infiltration characterization in TAO is essential to understand its pathogenesis.
Methods
We excavated differentially expressed m6A regulators from the TAO microarray data set (GSE58331) in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Based on R software (v4.2.2), we performed bioinformatics analyses including differential expression analysis, training models construction such as support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and nomogram models for the evaluation of TAO occurrence, consensus clustering algorithm for the evaluation of clusters quantity, principal component analysis (PCA) for quantification of m6A modification level in individual patients, Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) for functional enrichment analysis, etc.
Results
Four significant m6A regulators (IGFBP2, IGFBP3, RBM15B, and FTO) were screened by differential expression analysis between the TAO group and the healthy group. RM identified that the four m6A regulators above were associated with the risk of TAO. Furthermore, a nomogram was conducted to provide benefits to patients. Based on filtered m6A regulators, we divided the TAO group into two m6A subtypes (cluster A/B) by consensus clustering. The PCA algorithm calculated the m6A score of each sample to quantify m6A patterns. GO functional annotation proved that m6A-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enriched in biological processes (BP), cellular components (CC), and molecular functions (MF). KEGG enrichment analysis showed m6A-related DEGs were particularly abundant in the endocytosis, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, and protein export. ssGSEA presented the difference in immune infiltration between m6Acluster A/B and gene cluster A/B. In addition, we also analyzed the relationship between m6Aclusters or gene clusters and cytokines.
Conclusions
This article analyzed the effect of m6A modification in the pathogenesis of TAO, focusing on immune infiltration. These findings may be able to guide the future strategy of immunotherapy.
“Assessing ChatGPT's Performance in Answering Cervical Cancer Screening Questions to ChatGPT-generated Clinical Vignettes: A Pilot Study”
Authors: Ghafoor Saadia , Yahya Abid 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
This research aims to determine the impact of ChatGPT-generated information on the clinical practice of preventive gynecology pertinent to cervical cancer screening in a primary care setting. Using prompt, ChatGPT (GPT-3.5 model) was explored for its ability to construct five different clinical vignettes on cervical cancer screening, each with a single relevant query and subsequent answer based on the current standard of care. All clinical responses were compared with the current standard of care to assess the accuracy.
Design
This was a qualitative research-based pilot study.
Setting
Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) model-3.5 was explored to achieve the objective of this study.
Participants
ChatGPT (model-3.5) was prompted to generate five different clinical vignettes about cervical cancer screening, each followed by a query and subsequent response to the respective query.
Results
ChatGPT (GPT-3.5 model) was able to provide five clinical vignettes on cervical cancer screening with relevant queries but with answers of variable accuracy. The answer was found to be unsatisfactory for one vignette, acceptable for two, and satisfactory for two when compared with the current standard of care. The model's ability to provide in-depth answers to cervical cancer screening queries in a primary care setting was found to be limited. When asked about citations to information sources, the model could not provide accurate citations initially and provided URL (Uniform Resource Locator) on the fifth attempt but most of them failed to open the relevant pages on their respective websites.
Conclusions
This study found ChatGPT’s answers with variable accuracy concerning clinical queries related to cervical cancer screening, thus depicting limited ChatGPT performance in this context. There are concerns about the lack of in-depth answers to various questions and accurate citations. ChatGPT can be a valuable tool to augment a physician's clinical judgment if it could provide information from updated evidence-based guidelines. Further research is required to explore its prospects in conjunction with medical informatics while taking measures for safeguarding health data.
Impact of historical and future Land Use Land Cover Changes on the hydrological response of the Fincha watershed, Ethiopia
Authors: Regasa Motuma Shiferaw , Nones Michael 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) is generally considered the main factor influencing the hydrological processes and sediment output of Ethiopian semi-arid watersheds. Focusing on the Fincha watershed, the current study applies the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to evaluate how LULC changes affect the watershed hydrological dynamics. Utilizing stream flow time series data acquired from 1986 to 2008, the model was calibrated and validated. Standard statistics such as coefficient of determination, Nash-Sutcliffe simulation effectiveness, and per cent bias were used to assess the model's performance. To investigate the effect of LULC changes on watershed hydrology, six LULC scenarios have been produced, representing three past (1989, 2004, 2019) and three future (2030, 2040, 2050) reference conditions. The results show an increase in surface runoff in the past, and a similar tendency is expected for the next three decades. On the contrary, lateral flow and groundwater flow are occasionally decreasing. At the sub-watershed scale, areas where surface runoff has dropped significantly point to an increase in groundwater, indicating an inverse relationship between surface runoff and groundwater. The present analysis shows that the ongoing expansion of agricultural land, urban areas, and intermittent logging of forest cover may be the reason for the rise in surface runoff, and the decline in groundwater and lateral flow.
Reinforcement of Natural Rubber/Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer (NR/EPDM) by Silane Functionalized Halloysite Nanotubes
Authors: M.S Ravi Theja , P Ganeshan , P Ramshankar , K Raja 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe describe a nanocomposite made of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs, a naturally occurring tube-like nanoparticle), natural rubber (NR), ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM), and ethylene-propylene-diene monomer grafted with maleic anhydride (EPDM-g-MA). Diethoxydimethyl silane (DMS), a silane coupling agent, was used to modify highly hydrophilic HNT nanotubes to ensure proper dispersion of these nanoparticles in the hydrophobic NR/EPDM rubber matrix. After the silane modification, the functional groups on the surface of the HNTs were characterised and the degree of modification was determined using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The maximal tensile strength, stress at 100% elongation (M100), and elongation at break are reached at 8 phr after the addition of DMS modified HNTs to NR/EPDM. Any additional growth causes the tensile strength, M100, and elongation at break to gradually decline.
Saccharides alleviate the heat aggregation behavior of egg yolk: Characterization of heat stability, rheological and structure changes
Authors: Yu Qian , Chi Yujie , Chi Yuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
To alleviate the quality deterioration of liquid egg yolk caused by increased sterilization temperature. This study investigated the effects of sucrose, glucose, trehalose, and arabinose on the heat aggregation behavior of egg yolk. The results showed that saccharides significantly increased the thermal denaturation temperature, effectively inhibited the heat-induced thickening effect, and slowed the decrease in the soluble protein content and emulsifying activity of liquid egg yolk after heat treatment. At the same time, the FT-IR and surface group indicated that saccharide could alleviate the change degree of structuration and the exposure of hydrophobic residues of protein molecules egg yolk protein. It was also found that the aggregation degree of egg yolk is relatively low by observing the microstructure. In summary, sucrose, glucose, trehalose, and arabinose could alleviate the heat aggregation behavior of egg yolk, which could be applied to produce liquid egg yolk with enhanced heat stability.