bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Team-family conflicts over end-of-life decisions in ICU: A survey of French physicians’ beliefs
Authors: Giabicani Mikhael , Arditty Laure , Mamzer Marie-France , Fournel Isabelle , Ecarnot Fiona , Meunier-Beillard Nicolas , Bruneel Fabrice , Weiss Emmanuel , Spranzi Marta , Rigaud Jean-Philippe , Quenot Jean-Pierre 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
Conflicts between relatives and physicians may arise when decisions are being made about limiting life-sustaining therapies (LST). The aim of this study was to describe the motives for, and management of team-family conflicts surrounding LST limitation decisions in French adult ICUs.

Methods
Between June and October 2021, French ICU physicians were invited to answer a questionnaire. The development of the questionnaire followed a validated methodology with the collaboration of consultants in clinical ethics, a sociologist, a statistician and ICU clinicians.

Results
Among 186 physicians contacted, 160 (86%) answered all the questions. Conflicts over LST limitation decisions were mainly related to requests by relatives to continue treatments considered to be unreasonably obstinate by ICU physicians. The absence of advance directives, a lack of communication, a multitude of relatives, and religious or cultural issues were frequently mentioned as factors contributing to conflicts. Iterative interviews with relatives and proposal of psychological support were the most widely used tools in attempting to resolve conflict, while the intervention of a palliative care team, a local ethics resource or the hospital mediator were rarely solicited. In most cases, the decision was suspended at least temporarily. Possible consequences include stress and psychological exhaustion among caregivers. Improving communication and anticipation by knowing the patient’s wishes would help avoid these conflicts.

Conclusion
Team-family conflicts during LST limitation decisions are mainly related to requests from relatives to continue treatments deemed unreasonable by physicians. Reflection on the role of relatives in the decision-making process seems essential for the future.
The big warp: Registration of disparate retinal imaging modalities and an example overlay of ultrawide-field photos and en-face OCTA images
Authors: Thuma Tobin B. T. , Bogovic John A. , Gunton Kammi B. , Jimenez Hiram , Negreiros Bernardo , Pulido Jose S. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
To develop an algorithm and scripts to combine disparate multimodal imaging modalities and show its use by overlaying en-face optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images and Optos ultra-widefield (UWF) retinal images using the Fiji (ImageJ) plugin BigWarp.

Methods
Optos UWF images and Heidelberg en-face OCTA images were collected from various patients as part of their routine care. En-face OCTA images were generated and ten (10) images at varying retinal depths were exported. The Fiji plugin BigWarp was used to transform the Optos UWF image onto the en-face OCTA image using matching reference points in the retinal vasculature surrounding the macula. The images were then overlayed and stacked to create a series of ten combined Optos UWF and en-face OCTA images of increasing retinal depths. The first algorithm was modified to include two scripts that automatically aligned all the en-face OCTA images.

Results
The Optos UWF image could easily be transformed to the en-face OCTA images using BigWarp with common vessel branch point landmarks in the vasculature. The resulting warped Optos image was then successfully superimposed onto the ten Optos UWF images. The scripts more easily allowed for automatic overlay of the images.

Conclusions
Optos UWF images can be successfully superimposed onto en-face OCTA images using freely available software that has been applied to ocular use. This synthesis of multimodal imaging may increase their potential diagnostic value. Script A is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16879591.v1 and Script B is available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17330048.
Shaped by the COVID-19 pandemic: Psychological responses from a subjective perspective–A longitudinal mixed-methods study across five European countries
Authors: Zrnić Novaković Irina , Ajduković Dean , Bakić Helena , Borges Camila , Figueiredo-Braga Margarida , Lotzin Annett , Anastassiou-Hadjicharalambous Xenia , Lioupi Chrysanthi , Javakhishvili Jana Darejan , Tsiskarishvili Lela , Lueger-Schuster Brigitte 
Published: April 2023

Background
Contextual factors are essential for understanding long-term adjustment to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the present study investigated changes in mental health outcomes and subjective pandemic-related experiences over time and across countries. The main objective was to explore how psychological responses vary in relation to individual and environmental factors.

Methods
The sample consisted of N = 1070 participants from the general population of Austria, Croatia, Georgia, Greece, and Portugal. We applied a longitudinal mixed-methods approach, with baseline assessment in summer and autumn 2020 (T1) and follow-up assessment 12 months later (T2). Qualitative content analysis by Mayring was used to analyse open-ended questions about stressful events, positive and negative aspects of the pandemic, and recommendations on how to cope. Mental health outcomes were assessed with the Adjustment Disorder–New Module 8 (ADNM-8), the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5), the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), and the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5). The analyses were performed with SPSS Statistics Version 26 and MAXQDA 2022.

Results
The mental health outcomes significantly differed over time and across countries, with e.g. Greek participants showing decrease in adjustment disorder symptoms (p = .007) between T1 and T2. Compared with other countries, we found better mental health outcomes in the Austrian and the Croatian sample at both timepoints (p < .05). Regarding qualitative data, some themes were equally represented at both timepoints (e.g. Restrictions and changes in daily life), while others were more prominent at T1 (e.g. Work and finances) or T2 (e.g. Vaccination issues).

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that people’s reactions to the pandemic are largely shaped by the shifting context of the pandemic, country-specific factors, and individual characteristics and circumstances. Resource-oriented interventions focusing on psychological flexibility might promote resilience and mental health amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and other global crises.
Dust and gas in star-forming complexes in NGC 3351, NGC 5055, and NGC 5457
Authors: Smirnova Ksenia Ildarovna , Wiebe Dmitri Siegfriedovich 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present a study of the interstellar medium parameters in star-forming complexes (SFCs) in NGC 3351, NGC 5055, and NGC 5457 galaxies. This study concludes our previous investigations of gas and dust in a number of spiral galaxies. The data for the three galaxies confirm the following. There is a tight correlation between near-infrared and far-infrared luminosities of the extragalactic SFCs. Emission at 8 μm also shows a strong correlation with the carbon monoxide emission. Atomic and molecular gas masses do not show any strong correlation with the corresponding velocity scatters; however, in NGC 5055, we see a hint of the SFC with the largest velocity scatter being located at the galaxy periphery.
Governing Platform Recommender Systems in Europe: Insights from China
Authors: Reviglio Urbano , Santoni Giulio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPlatform Recommender Systems (PRSs) are the algorithmic systems employed by online platforms to recommend content to users. These systems have been recently targeted by policy-makers in Europe, mainly in the Digital Services Act (DSA). While much is discussed on the merits and limitations of the DSA, the very first world regulation of PRSs has been implemented by the People’s Republic of China since March 1st 2022. The article elaborates a critical comparative analysis of the governance of PRSs between the Chinese and European regulations. By contextualizing the highly diverse media environments, the article bridges the gaps between legal, technical and social sciences disciplines to elaborate insights that aim to contribute to the development of the governance of PRS. The article is divided as follows; firstly, an introduction to the governance of platforms RSs is done. Then, a contextualization of European and the Chinese legal and media environment is provided. Secondly, a legal comparative analysis is developed by analyzing two main areas: algorithmic accountability and self-determination. Thirdly, a discussion on the challenges of PRS governance is elaborated and, eventually, conclusions are drawn. From the comparison we have identified fundamental challenges and opportunities for the development of PRSs governance: (1) the methodological validity of social media research and the possibility to run on-platform experiments for more sounding policies; (2) the inherent reductionism of profiling and the need to tackle the implicit “engagement optimization” paradigm; (3) the systemic vulnerability of users and the need to improve detection, prevention and legal codification of algorithmic and design manipulation; (4) the complex entanglement of PRS governance with interface design, content moderation and content visibility moderation; finally, (5) the promising role of users to provide a second-order accountability as well as strenghten individual self-determination through forms of participatory governance.
Green-synthesized nanoparticles and their therapeutic applications: A review
Authors: Mayegowda Shilpa Borehalli , Sarma Gitartha , Gadilingappa Manjula Nagalapur , Alghamdi Saad , Aslam Akhmed , Refaat Bassem , Almehmadi Mazen , Allahyani Mamdouh , Alsaiari Ahad Amer , Aljuaid Abdulelah , Al-Moraya Issa Saad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant microorganisms are a rising issue when it comes to human health. Microbial pathogens that cause harmful infections are quickly becoming resistant to the antimicrobial action of traditional antibiotics. Nanotechnology, an innovative sector being an indispensable part of healthcare and research, has in-depth and extensive applications. Nano-compounds have been promising antimicrobial agents, anti-cancerous mediators, vehicles for drug delivery, formulations for functional foods, identification of pathogens, food and drug packaging industry, and many more. However, the chemical synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has certain drawbacks such as causing toxicity and other adverse effects. For more than a decade, the use of NPs that are conjugated or green-synthesized has gained popularity due to the two-fold action of metallic NPs mixed with biological sources. In contrast, NPs synthesized using plant or microbial extracts, conjugated with biologically active components, appear to be a safe alternative approach as they are environmentally friendly and cost-effective. Such environmentally safe techniques are referred to as “green nanotechnology” or “clean technology” and are feasible alternatives to chemical methods. Furthermore, NPs conjugated with natural biomolecules have improved bioavailability and have minimal side effects, as they are smaller in size and have higher permeability in addition to being reducing and stabilizing agents possessing excellent antioxidant activity. NPs serve as potential antimicrobial agents due to their affinity towards sulphur-rich amino acids, adhere to microbial cell walls by means of electrostatic attraction, and disrupt the cytoplasmic membrane along with the nucleic acid of microbes. They possess anticancer activity owing to oxidative stress, damage to cellular DNA, and lipid peroxidation. The green-synthesized NPs are thus a promising and safe alternative for healthcare therapeutic applications.
Modeling and simulation of trickle bed reactors for the purification of 1-butene
Authors: Alves Javier A. , García Colli Germán , Martínez Osvaldo M. , Barreto Guillermo F. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this contribution, a mathematical model of an industrial trickle-bed reactor employed in the purification of a C4 cut by selective hydrogenation of acetylenic or dienes compounds to obtain high purity 1-butene is presented. A reaction network of ten reactions is included in the model, with kinetics expressions and parameter estimation obtained from previous experimental studies on a commercial catalyst. Internal mass transfer resistances in the catalyst particles are significant; therefore the reaction-diffusion equations must be solved. External mass transfer resistances in the liquid phase were retained, while those in the vapor phase were negligible. The model was employed to analyze the reactor behavior by varying the inlet molar flow rate of hydrogen, the operating pressure, inlet temperature and the level of activity of the catalyst, taking into account its deactivation. It was demonstrated that the mass transfer resistances, inside and outside the catalyst particles, have a significant impact on the selectivity, but a careful operation of the reactor can improve the selectivity and extent the catalyst life. On the other hand, an alternative system was proposed, with two beds and a distributed input of H2, which led to a significant improvement in the selectivity.
Power monitoring data access control system based on BP neural network
Authors: Zhang Guanyu , Duan Lin , Liu Haibin , Yan Ke 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of social economy, the demand for electric power engineering is gradually increasing. The power supply system is constantly developing in the direction of large space and automation, and various high and new technologies are also constantly improving. The power monitoring data access control system is used to monitor and control the power production and supply process and improve the power supply efficiency. The further development of the region also has a higher demand for power and energy supply. For the problem that the natural environment of transmission and distribution lines in various power grids is uncertain, which makes the line operation unsafe. This paper proposed a power monitoring data access control system based on BP (back propagation, abbreviated as BP) neural network. This paper described the related concepts of BP neural network and power monitoring system, and described the functions and construction methods of power monitoring data access control system. On this basis, relevant experiments were carried out to verify the performance of the proposed system. The experimental results showed that the fault detection accuracy of the traditional algorithm was about 93 %, while the fault detection accuracy of the algorithm in this paper was more than 98 %. The highest accuracy rate was 99.88 %, and the accuracy rate of fault detection was greatly improved.
Pandemic Produce: Impacts of COVID-19 on Florida’s Fruit and Vegetable Industries
Authors: Court Christa D. , Outerbridge David , Baker Lauri , Birou Laura , Campbell Catherine , DiGiacomo Gigi , Galindo Sebastian , Lai John , Magnier Alexandre , Miller Michelle , Oliveira Gustavo de L. T. , Orlando Eyrika , Peterson Hikaru Hanawa , Qiao Xiaohui , Roka Fritz , Ropicki Andrew , Saha Bijeta Bijen , Stevens Andrew W. , Zhang Li 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Florida has one of the most diverse agricultural economies in the United States, producing several dozen types of fruits and vegetables that are consumed within the state, across the country, and around the world. The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting policy responses occurred during the peak of spring harvest season for many crops in Florida, abruptly removing market demand from the food service industry and shifting consumer purchasing habits, which enabled insights into several aspects of the fruit and vegetable supply chain. This article examines how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted fruit and vegetable industries in Florida, how these industries responded to COVID-19 impacts, and how Florida’s experience compared to that of other states. Data are derived from several sources including a statewide survey that measured agricultural production losses in Florida resulting from COVID-19 in early 2020, interviews with Florida operations that provided insights into how the pandemic induced change across the food supply chain, and a survey of food supply chain operations in three regions of the United States conducted in 2021.
A corpus-based study of the acquisition of the English progressive by L1 Chinese learners: from prototypical activities to marked statives
Authors: Zeng Xiaoyan , Shirai Yasuhiro , Chen Xiaoxiang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article investigates how EFL learners’ progressive markings are influenced by the lexical aspect of verbs, mode of expression (spoken vs. written), and proficiency levels, focusing on the controversial issue of stative verbs in progressives in L2 acquisition. Spoken (SECCL) and written (WECCL) corpus data from two proficiency levels of Chinese EFL learners and comparison data from native English speakers (COCA) were analyzed. The results suggest that in both learner and native data the progressive -ing is strongly associated with activity verbs, stative verbs being least likely to be inflected with the progressive. this association strengthens with higher proficiency of the learners. Learners’ use of stative verbs in the progressive and the overextended use of stative progressives was also found to be related to spoken versus written mode of production and proficiency levels, with learners retreating from overextension as their proficiency increases. A usage-based account of the findings is proposed.
Multidimensional sampling-Kantorovich operators in BV-spaces
Authors: Angeloni Laura , Vinti Gianluca 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to prove a result of convergence in variation for a family of multidimensional sampling-Kantorovich operators in the case of averaged-type kernels. The setting in which we work is that one of BV-spaces in the sense of Tonelli.
Directive emission from polymeric fluorophore with epsilon-near-zero squaraine molecular film
Authors: Choi Kyu-Ri , Kim Minjae , Wu Jeong Weon , D’Aléo Anthony , Lee Yeon Ui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Enhanced directionality of photoluminescence emission has attracted attention due to its diverse application areas ranging from single-photon sources to fluorescence sensing and bio-imaging. Utilization of null phase advance in epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) medium is an important scheme to achieve the directive emission. Despite various designs proposed for ENZ-based directive emission, most of the ENZ mediums are restricted to subwavelength structures of metallic plasmonics or inorganic dielectrics. Here, we introduce an organic ENZ film placed on top of a polymeric fluorophore film to demonstrate a directive emission. By taking advantage of the structural coherence in the P3HT film and the ENZ response in the squaraine molecular film, 42 % increase in directive emission is achieved. Capability to control directive emission with organic ENZ films is highly useful in applications requiring bio-compatibility of a fluorophore-embedding medium.
Crosstalk prohibition at the deep-subwavelength scale by epsilon-near-zero claddings
Authors: Ji Wenjie , Luo Jie , Chu Hongchen , Zhou Xiaoxi , Meng Xiangdong , Peng Ruwen , Wang Mu , Lai Yun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
To prevent the crosstalk between adjacent waveguides in photonic integrated circuits, the minimum thickness of the cladding layers is around half a wavelength, which imposes a fundamental limitation to further integration and miniaturization of photonic circuits. Here, we reveal that epsilon-near-zero claddings, either isotropic or anisotropic, can break the above bottleneck by prohibiting the crosstalk for the modes with magnetic field polarized in the z direction at a deep-subwavelength thickness (e.g., λ
0/30, λ
0 is the free-space wavelength), therefore bestowing ultra-compact waveguide systems. The physical origin of this remarkable effect attributes to the divergent impedance of epsilon-near-zero materials far beyond those of dielectric or epsilon-negative claddings. Through full-wave simulations and microwave experiments, we have verified the effectiveness of the ultrathin epsilon-near-zero cladding in crosstalk prohibition. Our finding reveals the significant impact of impedance difference in waveguide designs and opens a promising route toward ultra-compact photonic chips.
Die Aktienrente der Bundesregierung: Zielsetzung, Konzept, Gestaltungsfragen und Würdigungen
Authors: Wagner Fred 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The statutory pension insurance in Germany is facing a massive financing problem. The background are demographic developments with a clearly aging population and the concept of „current income financing” – meaning that a decreasing number of people of working age have to pay the pension for an increasing number of people of retirement age with their social security premiums. Likewise the federal government set “stop bars” as political objectives, according to which premiums shall not rise above a certain level, pensions not fall below a certain level and the retirement age not be increased. With this in mind, in order to stabilize the statutory pension insurance, the government is planning to introduce partial capital cover. Hence, the federal government is to provide credit-financed “generational capital” of initially EUR 10 billion, which is to be gradually increased in the following years in order to invest it in the global stock market. The revenues and surplusses are intended to dampen future increases in premiums or to reduce the annual federal grants – currently in triple digit billions of Euros – to the statutory pension insurance.
The article briefly presents the background to the pension problem in Germany and the basic points of the new concept of “stock pension”. Subsequently, open design issues are addressed, and ultimately a critical appraisal of the government’s concept of pension support, based on so-called “generational capital”, is made.
Aufbau eines fondsbasierten „Generationenkapitals“ – staats- und unionsrechtliche Zulässigkeit der Rentenfinanzierung über einen Aktienfonds
Authors: Weck Thomas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The establishment of a sovereign wealth fund to build up “generational capital” is associated with legal imponderables. In principle, the German federal state can set up a foundation under public law to operate the fund with resources allocated to it as loans from the federal budget. However, if the federal state itself takes out loans to finance the foundation, this would be problematic from a constitutional point of view. As far as the protection of fair competition is concerned, it is unlikely that the fund will be systemically relevant and thus benefit from an implicit state guarantee. However, care must be taken to ensure that the fund receives its resources from the federal budget on market terms and that the resources supplied to the fund are also used on market terms. Otherwise, serious problems would arise under EU state aid law. The fact that the fund acts in the interests of the pension insurance scheme would not allow for an exception or justification.
Virtuelle Realitäten, ambivalente Narrative und fiktive Entscheidungssituationen. Konturen einer digitalen Didaktik der Multiperspektivität
Authors: Käbisch David , Pirker Viera 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Digitalisierung aller Lebensbereiche stellt die Bildungsarbeit in Schulen, Kirchgemeinden und in der Gedenkstättenpädagogik vor neue Herausforderungen. Der Artikel beschreibt vor diesem Hintergrund Digitalisierungsprojekte an der Goethe-Universität in Frankfurt am Main, die sich mit virtuellen Realitäten, ambivalenten Narrativen und fiktiven Entscheidungssituationen beschäftigen. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit erhalten dabei das Judentum und die bildungstheoretischen Anliegen einer Didaktik der Multiperspektivität.