bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Hollerbach Teresa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAt the turn of the seventeenth century, the Venetian physician Sanctorius Sanctorius (1561–1636) developed instruments to measure and to quantify physiological change. As trivial as quantitative assessment with regard to health issues might seem to us today – in times of fitness trackers and smart watches – it was a highly innovative step at the time. With his instruments, Sanctorius introduced quantitative research into physiology and thus represents an early case of today’s self-tracking, or self-quantifying, technology. Until now, no systematic research has been undertaken to investigate Sanctorius and his work from the broader perspective of processes of knowledge transformation in early modern medicine while including the entire range of his activities—intellectual and practical—rather than just a selection. This work aspires to fill that gap. As an introduction to the entire book, this chapter gives an overview of the aims, sources, methodologies and contents of the book.
Sanctorius Revisited
Authors: Hollerbach Teresa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter reflects on the epistemic processes that made the use of quantification and measurements in medicine conceivable to Sanctorius, and which might explain how these methods made sense to him in ways that they had not before. To this end, I bring into focus the relation between the categories of innovation and tradition as well as the interplay of the realms of theory and practice in Sanctorius’s works, unifying the main results of my study. Then, based on my analysis of the measuring instruments in Chap. 7, I reflect on what quantifying health meant to Sanctorius. Finally, I briefly sketch out how his measuring instruments were received. Building upon the historical analyses of the previous chapters, I present a new and revised view of the Venetian physician Sanctorius, which hopefully will contribute not only to a better understanding of his work, but also, more generally, of how knowledge was transformed in the early modern period.
Causality constraints on corrections to Einstein gravity
Authors: Caron-Huot Simon , Li Yue-Zhou , Parra-Martinez Julio , Simmons-Duffin David 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study constraints from causality and unitarity on 2 → 2 graviton scattering in four-dimensional weakly-coupled effective field theories. Together, causality and unitarity imply dispersion relations that connect low-energy observables to high-energy data. Using such dispersion relations, we derive two-sided bounds on gravitational Wilson coefficients in terms of the mass M of new higher-spin states. Our bounds imply that gravitational interactions must shut off uniformly in the limit G → 0, and prove the scaling with M expected from dimensional analysis (up to an infrared logarithm). We speculate that causality, together with the non-observation of gravitationally-coupled higher spin states at colliders, severely restricts modifications to Einstein gravity that could be probed by experiments in the near future.
S-duality in $$ T\overline{T} $$-deformed CFT
Authors: Benjamin Nathan , Collier Scott , Kruthoff Jorrit , Verlinde Herman , Zhang Mengyang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
$$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

deformed conformal field theories can be reformulated as worldsheet theories of non-critical strings. We use this correspondence to compute and study the $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

deformed partition sum of a symmetric product CFT. We find that it takes the form of a partition sum of a second quantized string theory with a worldsheet given by the product of the seed CFT and a gaussian sigma model with the two-torus as target space. We show that deformed symmetric product theory admits a natural UV completion that exhibits a strong weak coupling ℤ2 duality that interchanges the momentum and winding numbers and maps the $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

-coupling λ to its inverse 1/λ. The ℤ2 duality is part of a full O(2, 2, ℤ)-duality group that includes a PSL(2, ℤ) acting on the complexified $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

coupling. The duality symmetry eliminates the appearance of complex energies at strong coupling for all seed CFTs with central charge c ≤ 6.
Worldsheet traversable wormholes
Authors: de Boer Jan , Jahnke Viktor , Kim Keun-Young , Pedraza Juan F. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We construct worldsheet traversable wormholes by considering the effects of a double-trace deformation, $$ \delta \mathcal{L}\sim h\partial {\phi}_L\partial {\phi}_R $$
δ
L
∼
h
∂

ϕ
L

∂

ϕ
R

, coupling the endpoints of an open string in AdS space. The operator deforming the theory is irrelevant and makes the boundaries bend inward toward the IR. This effect, reminiscent of two-dimensional dilaton gravities, renders the teleportation protocol more efficient and facilitates the transfer of information between the members of the dual Bell pair. We compare our results with those obtained with the standard double-trace deformation, $$ \delta \mathcal{L}\sim h{\phi}_L{\phi}_R $$
δ
L
∼
h

ϕ
L

ϕ
R

, introduced by Gao, Jafferis and Wall.
Cosmic bounce and phantom-like equation of state from tunnelling
Authors: Alexandre Jean , Pla Silvia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We allow a scalar field on a flat FLRW background metric to tunnel between two degenerate vacua. The resulting true vacuum state then violates the Null Energy Condition, and the corresponding homogeneous fluid induces a bounce, after which it has a phantom-like equation of state and asymptotically leads to a de Sitter phase. The mechanism presented here requires no exotic matter or modified gravity, it is purely generated by quantum fluctuations and is valid for a generic double well potential.
Isotopic ecology of Hawaiian green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) and reliability of δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S analyses of unprocessed bone samples for dietary studies
Authors: Velasquez-Vacca Adriana , Seminoff Jeffrey A. , Jones T. Todd , Balazs George H. , Cardona Luis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study conducted stable isotope analysis (δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S) on the epidermis and two skeletal elements (rib and squamosal bones) of Hawaiian green turtles (Chelonia mydas) and putative diet items obtained from two neritic sites: the Kona/Kohala coast and Oahu. Turtle tissues were collected in 2018–2020 and diet samples in 2018, 2019, and 2021. The effect of body size and sampling locality on individual bulk tissue isotope values was evaluated, and stable isotope mixing models based on δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S values from those tissues and four groups of food sources were used to reconstruct diet histories of the turtles. Mixing models indicated that green turtles along the Kona/Kohala coast consumed an omnivorous diet, whereas those from Oahu had an herbivorous diet. These diet make-ups are consistent with published gut content analyses. However, mixing models using the stable isotope ratios in rib and squamosal bone failed to yield reasonable diet histories, probably due to inadequacies of the applied trophic discrimination factor (TDF), a key model parameter. These results further establish that stable isotope ratios in the epidermis can be used effectively to study green turtle diet, but also reveal that more validation—and establishment of appropriate TDFs—is needed before bone can be used reliably to assess green turtle diet.
Joint predictability of physical frailty/pre-frailty and subjective memory complaints on mortality risk among cognitively unimpaired older adults
Authors: Li Chia-Lin , Stanaway Fiona F. , Chang Hsing-Yi , Chen Min-Chi , Tsai Yu-Hsuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate how frailty/pre-frailty in combination with subjective memory complaints predicts all-cause mortality in community dwelling cognitively unimpaired older adults. There were 1904 community-dwelling cognitively unimpaired persons aged 65 years or older who participated in the 2013 Taiwan National Health Interview Survey with a 5-year follow-up. Frailty was determined based on the fatigue, resistance, ambulation, illness, and loss of weight (FRAIL) scale. Two questions (“Do you have difficulties with your memory or attention?” and “Do you have difficulties with your memory only or attention only or both?”) were used to screen for subjective memory complaints (SMC). In this study, 11.9% of participants had both frailty/pre-frailty and SMC. A total of 239 deaths were recorded after 9009.5 person-years of follow-up. After adjustment for other factors, compared with participants who were physically robust with no SMC, participants who reported either SMC alone (HR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.60–1.27) or were frail/pre-frail alone (HR = 1.32, 95% CI = 0.90–1.92) had no significantly increased mortality risk. However, coexisting frailty/pre-frailty and SMC was associated with a significantly increased hazard ratio for mortality of 1.48 (95% CI = [1.02–2.16]). Our results highlight the high prevalence of co-occurring frailty/pre-frailty and SMC and that this co-occurrence is associated with an increased risk of mortality among cognitively unimpaired older adults.
Healthcare Access for a Diverse Population with Schizophrenia Following the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Horvitz-Lennon Marcela , Leckman-Westin Emily , Finnerty Molly , Jeong Junghye , Tsuei Jeannette , Zelevinsky Katya , Chen Qingxian , Normand Sharon-Lise T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCOVID-19 has had a disproportionate impact on the most disadvantaged members of society, including minorities and those with disabling chronic illnesses such as schizophrenia. We examined the pandemic’s impacts among New York State’s Medicaid beneficiaries with schizophrenia in the immediate post-pandemic surge period, with a focus on equity of access to critical healthcare. We compared changes in utilization of key behavioral health outpatient services and inpatient services for life-threatening conditions between the pre-pandemic and surge periods for White and non-White beneficiaries. We found racial and ethnic differences across all outcomes, with most differences stable over time. The exception was pneumonia admissions—while no differences existed in the pre-pandemic period, Black and Latinx beneficiaries were less likely than Whites to be hospitalized in the surge period despite minorities’ heavier COVID-19 disease burden. The emergence of racial and ethnic differences in access to scarce life-preserving healthcare may hold lessons for future crises.
Gendered Differences in Experiences of Bullying and Mental Health Among Transgender and Cisgender Youth
Authors: Sares-Jäske Laura , Czimbalmos Mercedesz , Majlander Satu , Siukola Reetta , Klemetti Reija , Luopa Pauliina , Lehtonen Jukka 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEven though previous studies have shown that transgender youth have poorer mental health and more experiences of being bullied than their cisgender counterparts, and that bullying associates with poorer mental health, knowledge on such associations in different gender identity groups is scarce. This study investigated how mental health problems and experiences of being bullied appear across different gender identity groups, and how bullying is associated with mental health among the groups in question. Data from the Finnish School Health Promotion 2021 study (n = 152,880, mean age 16.2 years (standard deviation 1.22)) was used and categorized into four gender identity groups: cisgender girls (n = 76,521), cisgender boys (n = 69,735), transfeminine youth (n = 1317), and transmasculine youth (n = 5307). Transgender youth experienced more bullying and reported poorer mental health than cisgender youth. While transfeminine youth faced the most bullying, transmasculine youth had the most mental health symptoms. In each group, bullying associated with poorer mental health. Compared to cisgender boys without bullying experiences, odds of poorer mental health were dozens-fold among transmasculine youth with weekly bullying experiences. In addition, compared to cisgender boys with bullying experiences, odds of poorer mental health were greater among all other gender identity groups with bullying experiences, and among transmasculine youth in particular (e.g., odds ratio of generalized anxiety = 8.36 (95% confidence interval, 6.59–10.6)). Bullying is associated with poorer mental health in all youth, but transgender youth, and especially transmasculine youth, may be in an even more vulnerable position for its implications. This suggests that there is a need for improving effective measures to decrease bullying in schools and to improve wellbeing of transgender youth.
Evaluation of Administrative Data for Identifying Maternal Opioid Use at Delivery in Florida
Authors: Elmore Amanda L. , Salemi Jason L. , Kirby Russell S. , Sappenfield William M. , Lowry Joseph , Dixon Ashley , Lake-Burger Heather , Tanner Jean Paul 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Studies have shown significant increases in the prevalence of maternal opioid use. Most prevalence estimates are based on unverified ICD-10-CM diagnoses. This study determined the accuracy of ICD-10-CM opioid-related diagnosis codes documented during delivery and examined potential associations between maternal/hospital characteristics and diagnosis with an opioid-related code.

Methods
To identify people with prenatal opioid use, we identified a sample of infants born during 2017–2018 in Florida with a NAS related diagnosis code (P96.1) and confirmatory NAS characteristics (N = 460). Delivery records were scanned for opioid-related diagnoses and prenatal opioid use was confirmed through record review. The accuracy of each opioid-related code was measured using positive predictive value (PPV) and sensitivity. Modified Poisson regression was used to calculate adjusted relative risks (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
We found the PPV was nearly 100% for all ICD-10-CM opioid-related codes (98.5–100%) and the sensitivity was 65.9%. Non-Hispanic Black mothers were 1.8 times more likely than non-Hispanic white mothers to have a missed opioid-related diagnosis at delivery (aRR:1.80, CI 1.14–2.84). Mothers who delivered at a teaching status hospital were less likely to have a missed opioid-related diagnosis (p < 0.05).

Conclusions for Practice
We observed high accuracy of maternal opioid-related diagnosis codes at delivery. However, our findings suggest that over 30% of mothers with opioid use may not be diagnosed with an opioid-related code at delivery, although their infant had a confirmed NAS diagnosis. This study provides information on the utility and accuracy of ICD-10-CM opioid-related codes at delivery among mothers of infants with NAS.
Physico-chemical and Textural Properties of 3D Printed Plant-based and Hybrid Soft Meat Analogs
Authors: Wang Tianxiao , Kaur Lovedeep , Beniwal Akashdeep Singh , Furuhata Yasufumi , Aoyama Hiroaki , Singh Jaspreet 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the physico-chemical and textural properties of 3D-printed pea protein-only and pea protein-chicken-based hybrid meat analogs. Both pea protein isolate (PPI)-only and hybrid cooked meat analogs had a similar moisture content of approximately 70%, which was similar to that of chicken mince. However, the protein content increased significantly with the amount of chicken in the hybrid paste undergoing 3D printing and cooking. Significant differences were observed in the hardness values of the non-printed cooked pastes and the 3D printed cooked counterparts, suggesting that the 3D printing process reduces the hardness of the samples and is a suitable method to produce a soft meal, and has significant potential in elderly health care. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that adding chicken to the plant protein matrix led to better fiber formation. PPI itself was not able to form any fibers merely by 3D printing and cooking in boiling water. Protein-protein interactions were also studied through the protein solubility test, which indicated that hydrogen bonding was the major bonding that contributed to the structure formation in cooked printed meat analogs. In addition, disulfide bonding was correlated with improved fibrous structures, as observed through SEM.
John Mearsheimer’s academic roots: a reference publication year spectroscopy of a political scientist’s oeuvre
Authors: Gruber Anton , Tekles Alexander , Bornmann Lutz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractJohn J. Mearsheimer is one of the most renowned theorists of International Relations and is often regarded as one of the primary representatives of the theoretical school of neorealism. To be able to understand and classify his positions, it is necessary to investigate his (theoretical) backgrounds and academic roots. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to analyze the roots of this political scientist with the help of the method Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy (RPYS)—a specific kind of cited reference analysis—using the program CitedReferenceExplorer (CRExplorer). In the statistical analyses, we compiled a list of the most cited works by Mearsheimer and conducted an analysis of temporal peaks in these works. The dataset used for the analyses was taken from the Web of Science database (WoS, Clarivate): 59 publications with 2061 non-distinct cited references. The list of the 16 most frequently cited references in the publication set shows various texts and authors that seem to be important for Mearsheimer’s academic work. Thematic focuses of cited publications as well as the type of publication indicate that the scientist’s respective works and texts are embedded in the corresponding publication periods. The analysis of the peaks in the referenced publication years illustrates the following: On the one hand, the publication years in which Mearsheimer derived his fundamental theory of International Relations can be inferred. On the other hand, later years show his subsequent thematic focuses and his preoccupation with current events and conflicts.
Portraying the life cycle of ideas in social psychology through functional (textual) data analysis: a toolkit for digital history
Authors: Rizzoli Valentina , Trevisani Matilde , Tuzzi Arjuna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a method for the digital history of a discipline (social psychology in this application) through the analysis of scientific publications. The titles of a comprehensive set of papers published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (1965–2021) were collected, yielding a total of 10,222 items. The corpus thus constructed underwent several stages of preprocessing until the final conversion into a terms x time-points matrix, where terms are stemmed words and multi-words. After normalizing frequencies via a chi square-like transformation, clusters of words portraying similar temporal patterns were identified by functional (textual) data analysis and distance-based curve clustering. Among the best candidates in terms of the number of clusters, the solutions with six, nine and thirteen clusters (from lower to higher resolution) have been chosen and the nesting relationship demonstrated. They reveal—at different levels of granularity—increasing, decreasing, and stable keywords trends, highlighting methods, theories, and application domains that have become more popular in recent years, lost popularity, or have remained in common use. Moreover, this method allows to highlight historical issues (such as crises in the discipline or debates over the use of terms). The results highlight the core topics of social psychology in the past and today, underlying the crucial contribution of this method for the digital history of a discipline.
A fast look-up method for Bayesian mean-parameterised Conway–Maxwell–Poisson regression models
Authors: Philipson Pete , Huang Alan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCount data that are subject to both under and overdispersion at some hierarchical level cannot be readily accommodated by classic models such as Poisson or negative binomial regression models. The mean-parameterised Conway–Maxwell–Poisson distribution allows for both types of dispersion within the same model, but is doubly intractable with an embedded normalising constant. We propose a look-up method where pre-computing values of the rate parameter dramatically reduces computing times and renders the proposed model a practicable alternative when faced with such bidispersed data. The approach is demonstrated and verified using a simulation study and applied to three datasets: an underdispersed small dataset on takeover bids, a medium dataset on yellow cards issued by referees in the English Premier League prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic, and a large Test match cricket bowling dataset, the latter two of which each exhibit over and underdispersion at the individual level.
Interactive mold design for paediatric lower airway manikin manufacturing: a feasibility study
Authors: Puggelli Luca , Furferi Rocco , Volpe Yary 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAccording to previous research, shore 40 A casting silicone is currently one of the more suitable materials for simulating the physical behavior of the airways in medicine simulation. This is essential to attain high-fidelity manikins that can perfectly mimic the simulated anatomic region, not just geometrically, but also in terms of haptic feedback. Due to the geometrical complexity of the tracheo-bronchial tree, mold design is a difficult and time-consuming process. An interactive modeling procedure for modeling mold parts for tracheo-bronchial tree casting is proposed in this paper, with the purpose of reducing modeling time without compromising quality. Following the definition of a standard modeling procedure, this was implemented in the Matlab language by using an IGES and STL editing toolbox. By using the interactive procedure it is possible to reduce the time required for virtual modeling from several hours to less than 1 min. Given this preliminary result, the proposed procedure will be further tested and developed in the near future, with the possibility of automating other lower airway modeling steps, such as vent generation and mounting holes/pins.
The eigenvalue problem for Kirchhoff-type operators in Musielak–Orlicz spaces
Authors: Méndez Osvaldo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGiven a Musielak–Orlicz function$$\varphi (x,s):\Omega \times [0,\infty )\rightarrow {\mathbb R}$$φ(x,s):Ω×[0,∞)→Ron a bounded regular domain$$\Omega \subset {\mathbb R}^n$$Ω⊂Rnand a continuous function$$M:[0,\infty )\rightarrow (0,\infty )$$M:[0,∞)→(0,∞), we show that the eigenvalue problem for the elliptic Kirchhoff’s equation$$-M\left( \int \limits _{\Omega }\varphi (x,|\nabla u(x)|)\textrm{d}x\right) \text {div}\left( \frac{\partial \varphi }{\partial s}(x,|\nabla u(x)|)\frac{\nabla u(x)}{|\nabla u(x)|}\right) =\lambda \frac{\partial \varphi }{\partial s}(x,|u(x)|)\frac{u(x)}{|u(x)|} $$-M∫Ωφ(x,|∇u(x)|)dxdiv∂φ∂s(x,|∇u(x)|)∇u(x)|∇u(x)|=λ∂φ∂s(x,|u(x)|)u(x)|u(x)|has infinitely many solutions in the Sobolev space$$W_0^{1,\varphi }(\Omega )$$W01,φ(Ω). No conditions on$$\varphi $$φare required beyond those that guarantee the compactness of the Sobolev embedding theorem.
Rights Talk and Constitutional Emotivism
Authors: Loehndorf Alexander 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper builds on the work of several exceptional scholars from the disciplines of philosophy, law, and history. My central aim is to introduce and explicate an idea closely related to (and derivative of) the concept of rights talk, a concept I call ‘constitutional emotivism’. By drawing upon scholars including Mary Ann Glendon, Jamal Greene, A.J. Ayer, and Alasdair MacIntyre, I aim to gather the conceptual threads that I trace through their work which together form the idea of constitutional emotivism. In a sentence, constitutional emotivism is the conflation of moral disagreements with constitutional rights grievances. When this conflation occurs, rights conflicts that never needed to occur in the first place reinforce rights talk and its uncompromising nature.