bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An eighteen-year longitudinal examination of school victimization and weapon use in California secondary schools
Authors: Benbenishty Rami , Astor Ron Avi , Roziner Ilan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSchool safety has been a major public health issue in the United States and internationally for more than three decades. Many policies and programs have been developed and implemented to prevent school violence, improve the school climate, and increase safety. There are only a few peer-reviewed studies of changes in school violence over time. The study examined changes over time in school victimization, weapon involvement and school climate, comparing change trajectories by gender and race and different change trajectories among schools.MethodsA longitudinal study of the biennial California Healthy Kids Survey in secondary schools from 2001 to 2019. The representative sample included 6,219,166 students in grades 7, 9, and 11 (48.8% male) from 3253 schools (66% high schools).ResultsAll victimization and weapon involvement items had significant and substantial linear reductions. The largest reduction involved being in a physical fight (from 25.4% to 11.0%). There were reductions in weapon involvement (d = 0.46) and victimization (d = 0.38). Biased-based victimization only declined slightly (d = −0.05). School belongingness and safety increased (d = 0.27), adult support increased a small amount (d = 0.05), and student participation declined (d = −0.10). Changes were smallest among White students. Ninety-five percent of the schools showed the same pattern of reductions.ConclusionsThe findings are in contrast to the public’s concerns that school violence is a growing problem. Reductions in school violence may result from social investment in school safety. A distinction should be made between school shootings and other forms of school violence.
Regional Comparative Analysis on the Determinants of the Spaniards’ Financial Knowledge
Authors: Oliver-Márquez Francisco J. , Guarnido-Rueda Almudena , Amate-Fortes Ignacio , Martínez-Navarro Diego 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAre there regional differences in the determinants of financial knowledge in the Spanish adult population? To answer this question, we use data from the Spanish Survey of Financial Competences to estimate qualitative response models in which each of the "big three" of financial knowledge (inflation, compound interest, and risk diversification) acts as a dependent variable on a set of explanatory variables concerning the particularities of individuals. We find that, while some factors determine financial knowledge in a generalized way in most regions and in the same direction (e.g., gender, education, self-confidence), others do so in different ways depending on the region analyzed. Among the latter are health status and financial fragility (where, in both, the different degree of social protection between regions may play an important role), as well as birthplace and age, among others. Rurality also stands out as having different implications in Navarra than in the rest of the regions. We conclude by proposing to use both longitudinal and aggregate indicators of financial knowledge in Spanish regions in order to analyze in the future related issues that are beyond the possibilities offered by microdata bases.
Effects of Bath Composition and Current Density on the Electrodeposition Behavior of Fe–Ni Invar Alloy
Authors: Kang Na-Young , Lee Jae-Ho 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFe–Ni invar alloy (Fe 64–Ni 36 wt%) has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) than any other metals. For this reason, it has been used as fine metal mask (FMM) in RGB patterning of OLED manufacture process. However, as the resolution of OLED display is getting higher, the thickness of FMM is getting thinner and then the conventional extruded invar sheet cannot be used directly. The electrodeposition of invar can be the alternative for fabrication of thin FMM. In this study, the Fe–Ni alloy were electrodeposited varying bath compositions and current density. Also, the effects of ferric ion (Fe3+), produced during electrodeposition on inert anode, on the behavior of deposition were investigated. Finally, the Fe–Ni alloy with 36–40 wt% Ni were obtained at 50 mA/cm2 in 0.30 M Fe2+ bath. The back side and front side composition of the deposits were analyzed to evaluate the composition uniformity of the Fe–Ni alloys. Generally, the Fe content of back side of the deposits were higher than that of front side.

Graphical Abstract
Power Aggregation Operators of Interval-Valued Atanassov-Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets Based on Aczel–Alsina t-Norm and t-Conorm and Their Applications in Decision Making
Authors: Shi Xinming , Ali Zeeshan , Mahmood Tahir , Liu Peide 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAczel–Alsina t-norm and t-conorm are important t-norm and t-conorm, and they are extended from algebraic t-norm and t-conorm. Obviously, Aczel–Alsina t-norm and t-conorm are more general than some existing t-norm and t-conorm. Furthermore, the power aggregation (PA) operator is also a very famous and valuable operator which can consider the power relation between any two input parameters. In addition, Interval-valued Atanassov-intuitionistic fuzzy set (IVA-IFS) can easily express uncertain information. In order to fully use their advantages, in this analysis, we extend the PA operators based on Aczel–Alsina t-norm and t-conorm to IVA-IFS and propose the interval-valued Atanassov-intuitionistic fuzzy Aczel–Alsina power averaging (IVA-IFAAPA), interval-valued Atanassov-intuitionistic fuzzy Aczel–Alsina power ordered averaging (IVA-IFAAPOA), interval-valued Atanassov-intuitionistic fuzzy Aczel–Alsina power geometric (IVA-IFAAPG) and interval-valued Atanassov-intuitionistic fuzzy Aczel–Alsina power ordered geometric (IVA-IFAAPOG) operators. Moreover, we discuss the properties of the presented operators such as idempotency, monotonicity, and boundedness. In addition, a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) procedure is proposed to process the IVA-IF information. Finally, a practical example is used to show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method by comparing it with some existing operators.
Asymptotic normality for -dependent and constrained -statistics, with applications to pattern matching in random strings and permutations
Authors: Janson Svante 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe study (asymmetric)
$U$
-statistics based on a stationary sequence of
$m$
-dependent variables; moreover, we consider constrained
$U$
-statistics, where the defining multiple sum only includes terms satisfying some restrictions on the gaps between indices. Results include a law of large numbers and a central limit theorem, together with results on rate of convergence, moment convergence, functional convergence, and a renewal theory version.Special attention is paid to degenerate cases where, after the standard normalization, the asymptotic variance vanishes; in these cases non-normal limits occur after a different normalization.The results are motivated by applications to pattern matching in random strings and permutations. We obtain both new results and new proofs of old results.
Mixing Writs with Rights: The Implications for Public Law in Sri Lanka
Authors: Gomez Mario 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBeginning around 1990, judicial interpretation transformed public law in Sri Lanka by blending writs with fundamental rights. On the one hand, the Supreme Court has defined and expanded the constitutional right ‘to equality and equal protection of the law’ by drawing on administrative law concepts of natural justice, reasonableness, legitimate expectation, the duty to provide reasons for decision-making, and proportionality. On the other hand, judges have relied on the Bill of Rights as a standard to assess the decisions of public authorities in writ matters. This relationship between the writs and the rights has had important implications for the growth of public law in Sri Lanka. There has also emerged an incipient ground of review, ‘rights-based review’, as part of the writ jurisdiction, and the ‘public trust doctrine’ in fundamental rights review. Public law has been strengthened by the growth of public interest litigation and the use of new judicial remedies. This article looks at how the writ jurisdiction and rights-based review have evolved in recent times and considers how the two remedies have been used and fused, in a country where the legal and constitutional history has taken a different trajectory to some other post-colonial societies. The article concludes by arguing that this fusion of constitutional and administrative law concepts, together with the expansion in the rules of standing and the emergence of the new concepts of public trust doctrine and fairness, have generated a more robust legal framework that can better protect constitutional rights and democratic freedoms.
A Note on the Timing and Nature of the Moho Geometry and Upper Mantle Structure Beneath Southern New England
Authors: van Staal C. R. , Zagorevski A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNew seismic imaging by Luo et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099013) revealed two important lithosphere‐scale structures beneath southern New England: a large offset of the Moho near the suture between Laurentia and accreted exotic terranes, and a remnant of west‐dipping slab rooted in easternmost New England. Formation of a crustal‐scale east‐dipping thrust ramp that offsets the Moho near the Taconic suture, appears to have formed during the Late Paleozoic and hence highlights the potential of reactivation of pre‐existing major structures. Formation of the west‐dipping slab beneath New England also probably is a late feature since there is no evidence it was affected by the late Devonian to Carboniferous collapse of the orogenic Acadian plateau and associated lithospheric thinning, and neither is there any sign that it was impacted by the formation and ascent of the tholeiitic CAMP magmatism in the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic Hartford basin.
Intermittent Generation of Internal Solitary‐Like Waves on the Northern Shelf of the South China Sea
Authors: Bai Xiaolin , Lamb Kevin G. , Liu Zhiyu , Hu Jianyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPredicting the occurrence of internal solitary‐like waves (ISWs) is important for parameterizing turbulent dissipation. ISWs in the northern South China Sea (SCS) are well understood to mainly originate from the Luzon Strait (LS). They are generally predictable due to their phase‐locked relation with tidal forcing in the LS. However, irregular occurrence of ISWs is noted from our 9‐day moored measurements on the SCS shelf. More energetic ISWs unexpectedly appeared during the neap tide than the spring tide. Their occurrence was related to subtidal shelf flows. The tidal and shelf flows had comparable magnitudes. We thus hypothesize that when the total flow meets critical conditions ISWs are generated locally over irregular seafloor. This hypothesis is supported by numerical experiments and validated by observations. Consequently, local generation of ISWs enhances both the intensity and complexity of internal wave field on the shelf, and thus the unpredictability of ISW occurrence.
Reduced Tropical Climate Land Area Under Global Warming
Authors: Adam Ori , Liberty‐Levi Noga , Byrne Michael , Birner Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRegions along the edges of the tropics host vast populations and ecosystems which are sensitive to climate change. Here we examine the extent of tropical land areas in the ERA5 and MERRA‐2 reanalyses and in high‐emission scenarios of 45 models participating in phases 5 and 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5/6). Based on the definition of tropical climate land areas as regions where the diurnal temperature range exceeds the seasonal temperature range, we find a net reduction of tropical land area with global warming. This change is primarily due to an increased seasonal temperature range driven by enhanced summer warming, which in turn is largely driven by reduced evaporative cooling. The reduction of tropical climate area is consistent with a narrowing of the tropical rain belt and with an equatorward and poleward expansion of the subtropical dry zones. Understanding the links between these trends requires further study.
Influence of the Initial Beach Profile on the Sediment Transport Processes During Post‐Storm Onshore Bar Migration
Authors: Grossmann Florian , Hurther David , Sánchez‐Arcilla Agustín , Alsina José M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOnshore bar migration is a characteristic bar behavior during post‐storm beach recovery. The present large‐scale experiments, feature bichromatic wave groups over an initially steep (1:15), fully‐evolving beach. The same accretive wave condition is applied on two different post‐storm beach profiles featuring outer and inner bars. They are characterized by a larger (smaller) shoreline erosion and a larger (smaller) outer breaker bar located farther away from (closer to) the shoreline depending on the larger (smaller) energy of the storm condition. After a considerable post‐storm recovery time, similar equilibrium profiles are obtained, stressing the link between wave condition and equilibrium beach configuration. However, the evolution toward the equilibrium is different and depends on the initial morphological condition (post‐storm beach profile). After the larger storm, the morphological evolution is termed accretive merging (AM) and characterized by merging of the two bars (outer bar dissipation). After the smaller storm, the morphological evolution denoted as accretive non‐merging (AN) is characterized by onshore migration of the two bars with constant distance between them (bar maintenance). This study focuses on processes around the outer bar. During AN it features wave breaking, causing large suspended net offshore transport. AM, in contrast, mainly features bedload related to short wave asymmetries and low decomposed net transport rate magnitudes. High suspended net offshore transport occurs solely onshore of the outer bar trough. This causes filling of the bar trough and bar dissipation during migration. Additionally, processes around the outer bars are linked to accretion onshore of the bars and at the shoreline.
New Insights Into Freezing Behavior of Saturated and Air‐Entrained Porous Media via a Micromechanics‐Based Thermo‐Hydro‐Mechanical Model
Authors: Guo Weiqi , Wang Fengjuan , Wu Yang , Jiang Jinyang , Xu Wenxiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA micromechanics‐based thermo‐hydro‐mechanical model for capturing the freezing behavior of porous media is devised, where a microstructure‐dependent constitutive relation, thermo‐hydro‐mechanical conditions, and the origin of freezing deformation are comprehensively considered. A micromechanical upscaling approach is proposed to improve the physical understanding of the freezing behavior of porous media. Comparisons against experimental and theoretical results suggest that the present model is a reliable means to predict the freezing deformation of saturated and air‐entrained porous media. The results show that the freezing deformation induced by the hydraulic pressure strongly depends on the boundary and air‐entrained conditions, and the undercooling phenomenon can be captured well. Moreover, the magnitude of surface energy (0–8 MPa) is in the ascending order of saturated undrained, drained, and air‐entrained conditions. The proposed model sheds light on the quantitative effects of freezing rate, liquid water transfer, and pore shape on the freezing deformation of porous media, which can provide insights into the freezing resistance mechanism of porous media.
Climate change-related warming reduces thermal sensitivity and modifies metabolic activity of coastal benthic bacterial communities
Authors: Seidel Laura , Broman Elias , Nilsson Emelie , Ståhle Magnus , Ketzer Marcelo , Pérez-Martínez Clara , Turner Stephanie , Hylander Samuel , Pinhassi Jarone , Forsman Anders , Dopson Mark 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBesides long-term average temperature increases, climate change is projected to result in a higher frequency of marine heatwaves. Coastal zones are some of the most productive and vulnerable ecosystems, with many stretches already under anthropogenic pressure. Microorganisms in coastal areas are central to marine energy and nutrient cycling and therefore, it is important to understand how climate change will alter these ecosystems. Using a long-term heated bay (warmed for 50 years) in comparison with an unaffected adjacent control bay and an experimental short-term thermal (9 days at 6–35 °C) incubation experiment, this study provides new insights into how coastal benthic water and surface sediment bacterial communities respond to temperature change. Benthic bacterial communities in the two bays reacted differently to temperature increases with productivity in the heated bay having a broader thermal tolerance compared with that in the control bay. Furthermore, the transcriptional analysis showed that the heated bay benthic bacteria had higher transcript numbers related to energy metabolism and stress compared to the control bay, while short-term elevated temperatures in the control bay incubation experiment induced a transcript response resembling that observed in the heated bay field conditions. In contrast, a reciprocal response was not observed for the heated bay community RNA transcripts exposed to lower temperatures indicating a potential tipping point in community response may have been reached. In summary, long-term warming modulates the performance, productivity, and resilience of bacterial communities in response to warming.
Transglutaminase 2 associated with PI3K and PTEN in a membrane-bound signalosome platform blunts cell death
Authors: Jambrovics Károly , Botó Pál , Pap Attila , Sarang Zsolt , Kolostyák Zsuzsanna , Czimmerer Zsolt , Szatmari Istvan , Fésüs László , Uray Iván P. , Balajthy Zoltán 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAtypically expressed transglutaminase 2 (TG2) has been identified as a poor prognostic factor in a variety of cancers. In this study, we evaluated the contribution of TG2 to the prolonged cell survival of differentiated acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) cells in response to the standard treatment with combined retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO). We report that one advantage of ATRA + ATO treatment compared to ATRA alone diminishes the amount of activated and non-activated CD11b/CD18 and CD11c/CD18 cell surface integrin receptors. These changes suppress ATRA-induced TG2 docking on the cytosolic part of CD18 β2-integrin subunits and reduce cell survival. In addition, TG2 overexpresses and hyperactivates the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), phospho-AKT S473, and phospho-mTOR S2481 signalling axis. mTORC2 acts as a functional switch between cell survival and death by promoting the full activation of AKT. We show that TG2 presumably triggers the formation of a signalosome platform, hyperactivates downstream mTORC2-AKT signalling, which in turn phosphorylates and inhibits the activity of FOXO3, a key pro-apoptotic transcription factor. In contrast, the absence of TG2 restores basic phospho-mTOR S2481, phospho-AKT S473, PI3K, and PTEN expression and activity, thereby sensitising APL cells to ATO-induced cell death. We conclude, that atypically expressed TG2 may serve as a hub, facilitating signal transduction via signalosome formation by the CD18 subunit with both PI3K hyperactivation and PTEN inactivation through the PI3K-PTEN cycle in ATRA-treated APL cells.
SARS-CoV2 billion-compound docking
Authors: Rogers David M. , Agarwal Rupesh , Vermaas Josh V. , Smith Micholas Dean , Rajeshwar Rajitha T. , Cooper Connor , Sedova Ada , Boehm Swen , Baker Matthew , Glaser Jens , Smith Jeremy C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis dataset contains ligand conformations and docking scores for 1.4 billion molecules docked against 6 structural targets from SARS-CoV2, representing 5 unique proteins: MPro, NSP15, PLPro, RDRP, and the Spike protein. Docking was carried out using the AutoDock-GPU platform on the Summit supercomputer and Google Cloud. The docking procedure employed the Solis Wets search method to generate 20 independent ligand binding poses per compound. Each compound geometry was scored using the AutoDock free energy estimate, and rescored using RFScore v3 and DUD-E machine-learned rescoring models. Input protein structures are included, suitable for use by AutoDock-GPU and other docking programs. As the result of an exceptionally large docking campaign, this dataset represents a valuable resource for discovering trends across small molecule and protein binding sites, training AI models, and comparing to inhibitor compounds targeting SARS-CoV-2. The work also gives an example of how to organize and process data from ultra-large docking screens.
Environmental remediation at vegetable marketplaces through production of biowaste catalysts for biofuel generation
Authors: Sathish T. , Saravanan R. , Depoures Melvin Victor , Palanikumar B. , Rajasimman M. , Rajkumar S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLarge quantities of vegetable biowaste are generated at marketplaces, usually in highly populated locations. On the other hand, nearby markets, hotels, and street shops generate much cooking oil waste and dispose of them in the sewage. Environmental remediation is mandatory at these places. Hence, this experimental work concentrated on preparing biodiesel using green plant wastes and cooking oil. Biowaste catalysts were produced from vegetable wastes and biofuel generated from waste cooking oil using biowaste catalysts to support diesel demand and Environmental remediation. Other organic plant wastes such as bagasse, papaya stem, banana peduncle and moringa oleifera are used as heterogeneous catalysts of this research work. Initially, the plant wastes are independently considered for the catalyst for biodiesel production; secondary, all plant wastes are mixed to form a single catalyst and used to prepare the biodiesel. In the maximum biodiesel yield analysis, the calcination temperature, reaction temperature, methanol/oil ratio, catalyst loading and mixing speed were considered to control the biodiesel production. The results reveal that the catalyst loading of 4.5 wt% with mixed plant waste catalyst offered a maximum biodiesel yield of 95%.
Unusual microwave heating of water in reverse micellar solution
Authors: Murakami Hiroshi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMicrowaves (MWs) are widely used for heating food, accelerating chemical reactions, drying materials, therapies, and so on. Water molecules absorb MWs and produce heat because of their substantial electric dipole moments. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to accelerating various catalytic reactions in water-containing porous materials using MW irradiation. Here, a critical question is whether water in nanoscale pores generates heat in the same way as liquid water. Is it valid that MW-heating behaviors of nanoconfined water are estimated solely by a dielectric constant of liquid water? There are almost no studies regarding this question. Here, we address it using reverse micellar (RM) solutions. Reverse micelles are water-containing nanoscale cages formed by self-assembled surfactant molecules in oil. We measured real-time temperature changes of liquid samples within a waveguide under MW irradiation at 2.45 GHz and at MW intensities of ~ 3 to ~ 12 W/cm2. We found that the heat production and its rate per unit volume of water in the RM solution are about one order of magnitude larger than those of liquid water at all the MW intensities examined. This indicates that water spots that are much hotter than liquid water under MW irradiation at the same intensity, are formed in the RM solution. Our findings will give fundamental information to develop effective and energy-saving chemical reactions in nanoscale reactors with water under MW irradiation, and to study MW effects on various aqueous mediums with nanoconfined water. Furthermore, the RM solution will serve as a platform to study the impact of nanoconfined water on MW-assisted reactions.