bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel damage evaluation method for ultra‐high‐performance fiber reinforced concrete under multiple impact loads
Authors: Shi Dandan , Chen Xudong , Ning Yingjie , Ji Tao , Wang Luyao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, repeated compression tests were conducted for ultra‐high‐performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) under three different impact pressures. Results showed that as the impact number increased, the strain rate approximately showed a proportional increase, and the plateau region of the dynamic stress–strain curve became more prominent. Besides, when the repeated impacts increased, the maximum strain and dynamic toughness both exhibited upward trends, while the peak stress decreased. The average toughness was positively correlated with the strain rate. Additionally, under high repeated impact loads, a single crack propagated rapidly within the UHPFRC specimen after single impact. Conversely, cracks propagated from the center to the periphery on the surface of the specimen when repeated loads were low. Furthermore, a quantitative evaluation method for the damage of UHPFRC under repeated impact loads was proposed based on the characteristic parameters of the gray‐level co‐occurrence matrix (GLCM).
Mudding the playing field. Fiscal contributions to municipalities as a political construction
Authors: Clerici Paula , Demeco Lucía , Galeano Franco , Negri Juan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn federal presidential democracies, discretionary transfers are often mentioned as a tool used by the national executive to build and strengthen subnational support, typically governors. Funds to local mayors, however, have been much less studied. With original data, in this study we analyze the distribution of a particular discretionary transfer (ATN) to the Argentine municipalities during two periods: 1997–2000 and 2016–2019. We show that the main driver for transfers is the mayor's political alignment. Indeed, the president is more likely to reward loyal mayors, but especially when both the latter and the President oppose the provincial governor. By this token, we highlight a nested political game, in which the President considers the loyalty of both mayors and governors combined to decide when to reward (or when not to reward) municipalities. Furthermore, we find that the Executive provides aid to smaller municipalities to circumvent the possibility of funding mayors from larger cities who may pose a threat as political rivals in the future. Since this pattern is more evident in localities with aligned mayors, we can infer that the President's strategy is aimed at preventing future challengers from within their own coalition.
UNEMPLOYMENT DURATION UNDER FLEXIBLE INFORMATION ACQUISITION
Authors: Kim Jeong Ho (John) , Kim Kyungmin , Pease Marilyn 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe consider a worker's job search problem in which firms arrive sequentially, observe the worker's unemployment duration, and conduct an interview to learn about her unobservable productivity. Firms engage in fully flexible information acquisition subject to a uniformly posterior‐separable cost function. We provide a closed‐form characterization of equilibrium job search dynamics and demonstrate that endogenous information amplifies the “stigma” effect of long unemployment duration relative to exogenous information. We also show that lowering firms' information‐acquisition costs has ambiguous implications for a worker's unemployment duration.
Processing and characterization of 2D woven ZrB2‐based ultrahigh‐temperature ceramic matrix composites
Authors: Patel Manish , Kumar Kurapati Pavan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCf‐ZrB2 and Cf‐ZrB2–SiC ultrahigh‐temperature ceramic matrix composites were produced using slurry infiltration in the 2D woven carbon fabric and hot pressing at 2000°C. The mixing time and amount of solid loading of the ZrB2–SiC slurry were found to have a significant effect on both microstructure and mechanical properties and were optimized to obtain an agglomerate‐free composite. The ZrB2–SiC slurry with a solid loading of 20%–30% was found to be effective for infiltration within the intra‐pore in carbon tows. The composites have a nearly completely dense matrix layer with a porous matrix within the fiber layers. The fabricated 2D woven Cf‐ZrB2 and Cf‐ZrB2–SiC composites were non‐brittle.
The effect of web‐based and face‐to‐face training given to office workers on health beliefs and physical activity levels regarding obesity
Authors: Yıldız Metin , Baysal Hasret Yalçinöz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThis study compared the effects of web‐based and face‐to‐face education given to office workers on health beliefs and physical activity levels towards obesity.MethodsThe research was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study. The study population consisted of 768 office workers between February 2020 and April 2021, and the sample of the research consisted of 90 individuals selected from the population using the nonprobability sampling method. Clinical trial number of the study is NCT05591846.ResultsA total of 90 people, including 30 people in each group, were included in the study. According to the obesity health belief model, a positive change was achieved in the beliefs of individuals about obesity; it was determined that there was a significant increase in the subdimensions of the importance of health, sensitivity, seriousness and perception of benefit and a decrease in the perception of obstacles (p < 0.05). After both education methods were given according to the health belief model, a positive change was achieved in the physical activity level of the individuals; it was determined that the physical activity level score increased significantly (p < 0.05).ConclusionIt was determined that web‐based and face‐to‐face education given to individuals had a positive effect on the obesity health belief model components and the levels of physical activity level.
The meaning that people with severe mental illnesses ascribe to e‐health in encounters with healthcare professionals – A repeat interview study
Authors: Jørgensen Sally Wulff , Petersen Esben Nedenskov , Harnow Søren , Lee Kim , Nørgaard Birgitte 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study sought to explore the meaning that people with severe mental illnesses attribute to e‐health solutions regarding user involvement and encounters with healthcare professionals. A qualitative design with a social phenomenological approach was applied, and data were collected via repeat interviews. Using a purposive sampling strategy, eight people with severe mental illness were interviewed two times between August 2021 to May 2022, at three different treatment sites in southern Denmark. To be included, participants needed to be 18–65 years of age, diagnosed with severe mental illness (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or depression), and using an e‐health solution in collaboration with a health professional. The interviews lasted between 20 and 70 min and were audio recorded and then transcribed. The data were analysed with Braun and Clarke's 6‐step thematic analysis. Participants experienced the use of an e‐health solution as helpful for structuring their everyday lives, and e‐health used together with healthcare professionals was considered to have a positive impact on the collaboration. The participants experienced feeling involved and in control when e‐health solutions were used, which engaged them in their treatment. Furthermore, the participants found it important to have had some in‐person meetings with healthcare professionals to build trust before the e‐health solutions could be implemented successfully. E‐health solutions used in collaboration with a trusted healthcare professional whom the participants had met in person tended to affect treatment engagement positively.
Synthesis and sintering of MAX phases in the Zr–Al–C system
Authors: Perevislov Sergey Nikolaevich , Arlashkin Ilya Evgenievich , Stolyarova Valentina Leonidovna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, synthesis and sintering of MAX phases in the Zr–Al–C system is described. Different mixtures of initial Zr/Al/C and Zr/Al/ZrC powders were used to synthesize the MAX phases of Zr2AlC and Zr3AlC2 compositions by a combined method (high‐temperature sintering followed by spark plasma sintering [SPS]). The highest content of the Zr3AlC2 MAX‐phase was obtained using initial Zr/Al/ZrC powders in a component ratio of 1:1.5:2—51.1 vol.%. The optimal temperature for the synthesis of a material based on the Zr2AlC MAX phase is 1525°C, and a material based on Zr3AlC2 is 1575°C. During subsequent SPS at a temperature of 1500°C, a pressure of 50 MPa, within 5 min, it was obtained a material containing up to 71.1 vol.% Zr3AlC2. The relative density of the samples synthesized and consolidated by the SPS method reaches 98.9%. The structure of the obtained synthesized MAX materials includes elongated grains of the composition Zr2AlC and Zr3AlC2, which determines their high strength. The influence of the sintering time and temperature on the formation of the MAX phase of Zr3AlC2 from the initial powders of Zr/Al/ZrC is shown. Zirconium carbide, as an intermediate phase, is always present in the final products. Due to the large evaporation of aluminum, the ZrAl2 phase is also present in the synthesis products. An excess of aluminum contributes to the greatest formation of the Zr2AlC and Zr3AlC2 phases during the combined synthesis.
Violence against nurses by patients and visitors in the emergency department: An integrative review
Authors: Hou Yongchao , Corbally Melissa , Timmins Fiona 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThis integrative review explored violence against emergency nurses by patients/visitors, examining its nature, contributing factors and consequences.DesignIntegrative review.Data SourcesArticles were obtained from PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science and PsycInfo databases, up until December 2021.Review Methods26 articles were reviewed, evaluating study quality with the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool and synthesizing conclusions through theme development and coding.ResultsThis review delves into the issue of violence perpetrated against emergency nurses by patients and visitors. It elucidates three overarching themes: the nature of violence, the contributing factors and the consequences of such acts.ConclusionThe findings inform healthcare policy for the development of prevention approaches while identifying research gaps and emphasizing the need for alternative study designs and methodologies.ImpactThis review has implications for nursing practice, policymaking and research, emphasizing the need for stakeholder engagement and tailored interventions for at‐risk emergency nurses.No Patient or Public ContributionThis project was an integrative review of the literature therefore no patient or public contribution was necessary.What Already is KnownViolence by patients and visitors in healthcare settings, especially in emergency departments, has garnered considerable attention.What this Paper AddsThis review specifically examines violence‐targeting emergency department nurses from patients and visitors, assessing its characteristics, contributing factors and consequences.Implications for Practice/PolicyThe findings will guide stakeholder engagement in developing interventions to support vulnerable emergency nurses.
Evaluation of the implementation of advanced practice nursing roles in France: A multiple case study
Authors: Schwingrouber Jocelyn , Bryant‐Lukosius Denise , Kilpatrick Kelley , Mayen Sandrine , Colson Sébastien 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsThe aims of the study were to describe the processes used to introduce advanced practice nursing roles and factors that facilitated or hindered role implementation, examine the time advanced practice nurses (APNs) spend in role activities and how these activities relate to domains of advanced practice nursing and examine how implementation processes influenced APN integration within healthcare teams.DesignA multiple case study was conducted.MethodsFive cases were included, representing the four population areas approved for advanced practice nursing in France. Data were collected from January to March 2021 using observation, interview and document analysis methods. Data were examined using thematic analysis.ResultsParticipants included APNs (n = 5), nurses/allied health providers (n = 5), physicians (n = 5), managers (n = 4) and decision‐makers (n = 4). Stakeholder engagement and leadership provided by decision‐makers, managers, physicians and APNs facilitated role implementation. Poor stakeholder role understanding, uncertain role funding, and the COVID‐19 pandemic hindered role implementation. APNs spent the most time in clinical activities. Participants perceived the integration of APNs within the healthcare team and their impact on patient care to be positive.ConclusionStakeholder engagement and organizational and APN leadership facilitated the implementation of the roles, especially related to team‐based patient care. Further efforts are needed to strengthen APN involvement in non‐clinical activities and address role barriers.Implications for nursing and patient careSystematic and system‐wide approaches are needed to improve role clarity, role autonomy and health systems integration of APNs. Research should examine patient perspectives about APNs in France.ImpactThe results highlight how policies can create favourable conditions for advanced practice nursing role implementation in France. Internationally, this study serves as a reminder to APNs and nurse leaders about the strategies for and importance of implementation evaluation to support the optimal development of advanced practice nursing roles.Reporting MethodThe study reporting followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Periodontitis is associated with multimorbidity in a large dental school population
Authors: Beukers Nicky G. F. M. , Su Naichuan , van der Heijden Geert J. M. G. , Loos Bruno G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate whether and which diseases co‐occur with periodontitis (PD) to assess the prevalence of comorbidities and multimorbidity and to identify patterns and profiles of comorbidity and multimorbidity and the influence of demographic and lifestyle factors to identify distinct groups of multimorbid patients.Materials and MethodsA database from the Academic Centre of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) with 37,801 adult individuals containing information about demographic (age, sex, socio‐economic position [SEP]) and lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol use and addictive substance use) and PD and systemic diseases was constructed. PD assessment was based on clinical information by the use of claim codes and systemic diseases data were derived from self‐reported medical history. For analyses, univariable and multivariable (adjusted for age, sex, SEP, smoking, alcohol use and addictive substance use) logistic regression analyses and cluster analysis were used.ResultsIndividuals with PD more often had one or multiple diseases. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for PD patients having up to four systemic diseases ranged from 1.46 to 1.20. Co‐occurrence of PD with several systemic diseases and a higher prevalence of multimorbidity was found (adjusted OR comorbidity = 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30–1.43; multimorbidity = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.11–1.25). Four clusters existed: cluster 1 was defined as a periodontal and systemically healthy group and cluster 4 as burdened with PD but not containing any systemic diseases. Individuals in cluster 1 were of the lowest age (44.9 [SD: 15.5]) and had the lowest prevalence of the lifestyle factors of smoking (13.6%) and alcohol use (3.9%). Clusters 2 and 3 contained both PD and had several systemic diseases but were different from each other. Cluster 2 contained 34.5% of PD individuals and had mainly respiratory tract, immune system and digestive system diseases. Cluster 3 contained 45.9% of PD individuals and had mainly cardiometabolic diseases. Cluster 2 had the highest prevalence of females (63.1%) and the highest prevalence of smokers (23.8%) and addictive substance users (8.9%). Cluster 3 included individuals of the highest age (63.5 [SD: 11.9]), and had highest prevalence of alcohol users (17.7%) and lowest prevalence of addictive substance users (3.8%).ConclusionsThis study shows that individuals with PD are more often burdened with comorbidity and multimorbidity. Presence of distinct clusters suggests overlap in pathophysiology between certain types of PD and specific systemic diseases. Therefore, PD can be considered as part of multimorbidity, as one of the systemic diseases co‐occurring in certain groups of individuals.
Division of BlastocystisST10 into three new subtypes: ST42‐ST44
Authors: Santin Monica , Figueiredo Ana , Molokin Aleksey , George Nadja S , Köster Pamela C. , Dashti Alejandro , González‐Barrio David , Carmena David , Maloney Jenny G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Blastocystis subtype ST10 has been recognized to contain a great deal of diversity at the sequence level, potentially indicating the presence of multiple new STs within the clade. However, the data needed to validate these new STs were not available. To help resolve this diversity, full‐length small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene reference sequences were generated using Oxford Nanopore MinION long‐read sequencing from 21 samples representing multiple domestic and wild hosts and geographic regions and covering the sequence diversity previously described using fragments of the SSU rRNA gene. Phylogenetic and pairwise distance analyses were used to compare full‐length sequences of the SSU rRNA gene generated in this study with all other valid STs of Blastocystis. We present data supporting the division of ST10/ST23 cluster into five subtypes, ST10, ST23, and three new subtypes with the proposed ST designations of ST42, ST43, and ST44. As the host range of Blastocystis continues to expand with new subtypes and new hosts being frequently identified, the reference sequences provided in this study will assist in accurate sequence classification and help to clarify the epidemiology of this common intestinal microeukaryote.
Genome‐wide characterization of microsatellites in cobia Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766): Survey and analysis of their abundance and diversity
Authors: Tseng Mei‐Chen , Lee Yen‐Hung , Yen Tsair‐Bor , Li Shu‐Ming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe cobia Rachycentron canadum, mainly distributed in the warm waters of tropical and subtropical regions around the world, remains a fish of considerable economic importance. Detailed diversity and the number of microsatellite sequences in the cobia genome are still unintelligible. The primary aim of this work was to identify and quantify the miscellaneous SSR sequences in the cobia genome. More than 280,000 sequences were sequenced and screened using next‐generation sequencing technology and microsatellite identification. Perfect mononucleotide repeats, dinucleotide microsatellites, and trinucleotide microsatellites contain (A)10/(T)10, (AC)6/(TG)6, and (AAT)5–32 as the largest number of motifs in each type of microsatellite, respectively. The tetranucleotide and pentanucleotide microsatellites (TTM and PTM) consist of the largest number of motifs of both (ATCT)5–32 and (TCAT)5–31 in TTMs, and (CTCTC)5–9 in PTMs, whereas the hexanucleotide microsatellites are rarely observed in the cobia genome. All c. 38000 sequences of composite microsatellites are extremely diverse, including compound (11.71%), interrupted compound (71.77%), complex (0.45%), and interrupted complex (16.07%). In this study, we developed a convenient and useful recording system for writing down and categorizing diverse composite microsatellite types. This system will provide great support for exploring repeat origins, evolutionary mechanisms, and the application of polymorphic microsatellites.
Utilisation of probiotics for disease management in giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii): Administration methods, antagonistic effects and immune response
Authors: Ahmmed Mirja Kaizer , Bhowmik Shuva , Ahmmed Fatema , Giteru Stephen G. , Islam Shikder Saiful , Hachem Mayssa , Hussain Md. Ashraf , Kanwugu Osman N. , Agyei Dominic , Defoirdt Tom 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) is a high‐yielding prawn variety well‐received worldwide due to its ability to adapt to freshwater culture systems. Macrobrachium rosenbergii is an alternative to shrimp typically obtained from marine and brackish aquaculture systems. However, the use of intensive culture systems can lead to disease outbreaks, particularly in larval and post‐larval stages, caused by pathogenic agents such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, yeasts and protozoans. White tail disease (viral), white spot syndrome (viral) and bacterial necrosis are examples of economically significant diseases. Given the increasing antibiotic resistance of disease‐causing microorganisms, probiotics have emerged as promising alternatives for disease control. Probiotics are live active microbes that are introduced into a target host in an adequate number or dose to promote its health. In the present paper, we first discuss the diseases that occur in M. rosenbergii production, followed by an in‐depth discussion on probiotics. We elaborate on the common methods of probiotics administration and explain the beneficial health effects of probiotics as immunity enhancers. Moreover, we discuss the antagonistic effects of probiotics on pathogenic microorganisms. Altogether, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of disease control in M. rosenbergii aquaculture through the use of probiotics, which could enhance the sustainability of prawn culture.
Older people's connectedness with people in the community in contemporary contexts: A concept analysis
Authors: Kikuchi Mami , Hirano Michiyo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to clarify the concept of older people's connectedness with people in the community within the literature.MethodsThis study was based on Walker and Avant's concept analysis method. We used PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases and included peer‐reviewed articles that were published in English between January 2010 and April 2023. After assessing eligibility and applying exclusion criteria, 25 articles were analyzed.ResultsAttributes included sense of belonging to the community achieved through interactions and feeling of togetherness through interrelationships, which consequently led to the maintenance of healthy physical and mental states and independent living, the acquisition of the ability to overcome difficulties, and the creation of a sense of meaning in life through coexistence.ConclusionWe identified the concept of older people's connectedness with people in the community in a contemporary context. Connectedness is a useful concept to consider in nursing care because it seems to evolve into comprehensive health, including the physical and psychosocial health of older adults.
Viral evolution of SIV chimpanzee toward HIV‐1 using humanized mice
Authors: Curlin James Z. , Schmitt Kimberly , Remling‐Mulder Leila , Tibbitts Corina Valencia , O'Connor Shelby , Marx Preston , Akkina Ramesh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHIV‐1 emerged from SIVcpz evolving in humans. Humanized mice are an effective tool for assessing viral evolution via measuring viral loads, CD4+ T cell decline, and analyzing genetic changes. Four serial passages showed many non‐synonymous mutations important for the adaptation and evolution of SIVcpz to human immune cells.