bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The value of webinars during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dev Preetham , Thyavihally B. Yuvaraja , Waigankar Santosh Subhash , Agarwal Varun , Pednekar Abhinav P. , Shah Akash 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
An opportunity for e-learning has been created by the ongoing pandemic and lockdown, along with the availability of efficient technology. Webinars have filled in the lacunae of the learning process. We conducted an online survey to evaluate the interest and opinion regarding webinars, which enables for standardization of future webinars and reap the maximum benefits.

Methods:
An online survey was conducted among practicing urologists and urology residents. The survey was formulated and edited by a group of urologists and uro-oncologists who had experience conducting several regional and international conferences and webinars. The survey comprised 39 questions divided into six parts.

Results:
A total of 328 urologists throughout the country participated in the survey, and 303 complete responses were obtained for the analysis. 67.3% subjects felt that live webinars are the preferred method of knowledge exchange during the coronavirus disease pandemic, and 58.1% felt that this concept of webinars had to be extended even after the pandemic was over. Few shortcomings in the webinars included lack of networking (41.3%), lack of personal connection (73.3%), and lack of practical skills (35%). About 85.5% felt that the duration should be <90 min, and 83.2% thought that speakers should be restricted to <5. They were comfortable attending the webinars on weekends (48.8%) or weekdays but after hospital hours (43.9%). Most of them felt (92.4%) that webinars should be focused, covering a single theme and including international and national speakers (84.2%).

Conclusions:
Webinars can be streamlined for the better and continued after the pandemic. A few issues in this novel learning process have to be adequately addressed to strengthen this modality of academic urology.
Comparison of two drainage parameters on diuretic renogram in predicting the fate of prenatally detected pelvi-ureteric junction-like obstruction
Authors: Sharma Gyanendra Ravindra , Sharma Anshu Gyanendra , Sharma Neha Gyanendra 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
In infants with suspected pelviureteric junction (PUJ) like obstruction, we compared the drainage patterns suggested by t 1/2 and normalized residual activity (NORA) to determine which parameter can differentiate obstructive from nonobstructive dilatation and thus predict the need for surgery.

Materials and Methods:
Infants presenting with prenatally detected PUJ-like obstruction from January 2014 to March 2020 were evaluated with ultrasonography. Diuretic renogram was performed using Tc99m ethylene dicysteine using the F0 protocol. Subjects with a differential renal function >40% were included in the study. The t ½ values were noted. NORA was calculated by dividing the tracer values at 60 min with the values at 2 min. The infants were followed using ultrasonography. Renogram was repeated if there was increase in hydronephrosis or after 6 months if hydronephrosis did not regress. The follow-up was continued till a decision for pyeloplasty was made or the hydronephrosis regressed. Pyeloplasty was advised if differential function dropped to below 40%.

Results:
34 patients met the inclusion criteria. NORA and t ½ had very poor concordance in defining the drainage pattern. t ½ values did not correlate with the need for surgery or conservative management (P ≥ 0.05). Good drainage pattern by NORA was associated with regression of hydronephrosis (P ≤ 0.001). NORA predicted obstruction more accurately.

Conclusion:
NORA can define good drainage in a much larger subset of patients with PUJ-like obstruction who eventually do not need surgery. However, further multicenter studies are needed to confirm this.
Development and internal validation of preoperative and postoperative nomograms predicting quadrifecta outcomes following robotic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Sharma Gopal , Darlington Danny , Ahluwalia Puneet , Gautam Gagan 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Literature on the factors predicting functional and oncological outcomes following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is sparse for the Indian population. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to develop preoperative and postoperative nomograms predicting these outcomes in patients with prostate cancer undergoing RARP.

Methods:
This retrospective analysis identified the predictors of quadrifecta outcomes, i.e., the patients who did not have complications, were continent, had negative surgical margins, and were biochemical recurrence free with at least 1 year of follow-up following RARP. We excluded the return of sexual potency as the majority of the patients in our series were sexually inactive preoperatively. We used the backward stepwise logistic regression analysis method to identify the predictors of quadrifecta. Preoperative and postoperative nomograms using these predictors were developed and validated with bootstrapping, goodness of fit, calibration plot, decision curve analysis (DCA), and theits receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Results:
Of the 688 patients who underwent RARP, 399 were included in this study, and 123 (30.8%) of these achieved the quadrifecta outcomes. Preoperative nomogram was developed using four variables, i.e., prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), biopsy Gleason score, and clinical stage. Postoperative nomogram included PSA, CCI, pathological tumor stage, tumor grade, and positive lymph node. Both the models were internally valid on bootstrapping, calibration plots, and goodness of fit. On the ROC analysis, preoperative and postoperative nomograms had an area under the curve of 0.71 and 0.79, respectively. On the DCA, at a threshold probability of 5%, both the models showed a net benefit.

Conclusions:
We developed and validated accurate nomograms for predicting quadrifecta outcomes following RARP for the Indian population.
Association of human papillomavirus in penile cancer
Authors: Sharma Prashant Kumar , Panaiyadiyan Sridhar , Kurra Santosh , Kumar Raman , Nayak Brusabhanu , Kaushal Seema , Sharma Alpana , Kumar Rajeev , Seth Amlesh , Singh Prabhjot 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a known risk factor of penile cancer (PeCa). However, studies evaluating its true association are limited. In this study, we aimed to estimate HPV prevalence and its true association with PeCa in terms of molecular biological activities.

Materials and Methods:
This single-institutional prospective observational study was conducted between June 2016 and August 2019. We included 40 men with PeCa as a study group and 20 age-matched uncircumcised men who underwent circumcision for phimosis as a control group. Both the groups underwent deoxyribonucleic acid isolation for HPV subtyping followed by evaluation of relative E6/E7 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression profile and relative telomerase activity in tissue samples. HPV-16 and -18 were categorized as high-risk, whereas HPV-6 and -11 were categorized as low-risk subtypes.

Results:
The mean (±standard deviation) age of PeCa was 51 ± 15.9 years. The majority of patients had stage II disease, and the most common procedure done was partial penectomy. The overall prevalence of HPV in PeCa was 42.5% (n = 17) as compared to 20% (n = 4) in controls. Among the subtypes, the most common subtype was HPV-16 noted in 33.3% (8/24) of cases, followed by HPV-18 in 29.2% (7/24) of cases. PeCa tissues had a significantly higher relative E7 mRNA expression for HPV-18 than the control group (P = 0.016). The mean relative telomerase activity was significantly higher in the PeCa tissues than the control group (138.66 vs. 14.46, P < 0.001). A significantly higher relative telomerase activity was noted in the PeCa tissues positive for high-risk HPV subtypes than controls (141.90 vs. 14.46, P = 0.0008), but not between high-risk HPV-positive and HPV-negative PeCa cases (141.90 vs. 137.03, P = 0.79). High-risk subtypes were not associated with tumor stage (P = 0.76) or lymph node metastasis (P = 0.816).

Conclusions:
HPV was associated in 42.5% of PeCa cases based on our experience from a single institution. PeCa tissues had a higher relative E7 mRNA expression for HPV-18 and relative telomerase activity as compared to controls suggesting their potential role as surrogate markers of virus-induced tumorigenesis.
Metastatic epithelioid trophoblastic tumor in retroperitoneal nodes in a case of regressed germ cell tumor of testis
Authors: Sakhadeo Uma , Menon Santosh , Prakash Gagan , Desai Sangeeta B. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor is an extremely rare tumor which occurs in women of the reproductive age group following a previous gestation. Its occurrence in male patients is remarkably rare, with only six cases reported in the English literature. Herein, we discuss the unusual occurrence of this tumor in a 31-years-old male patient as a component of non-seminomatous germ cell tumor. It presented as retroperitoneal metastasis with associated testicular microlithiasis (regressed germ cell tumor).
Etiology of Acute Infectious Meningitis and Meningoencephalitis in Karachi, Pakistan: Retrospective Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Shakoor Sadia , Fatima Tazeen , Mir Fatima , Shahid Asima , Shaheen Najma , Khan Erum , Jamil Bushra 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT.
Meningoencephalitis (ME) is potentially fatal and is caused by a wide array of pathogens. Diagnostic and health-care access gaps prevent accurate estimation of the pathogen-specific burden in low-resource settings. We present pathogen-specific etiologies among patients hospitalized with ME in Karachi, Pakistan. We performed a retrospective hospital database evaluation of pathogen etiology and outcomes of community-acquired infectious ME at a single tertiary care center in Karachi, Pakistan. Annual rates of hospitalization (ARH) were calculated by adjusting for missed cases and are reported per 100,000 population. From May 2017 to April 2020, 522 episodes of infectious ME were identified in 514 patients. The overall ARH from ME was 5.7/100,000 population (95% CI, 5.1–6.1). Among children younger than 5 years, the ARH was 9.8/100,000 population (95% CI, 8.1–11.8). Unknown causes of ME resulted in the greatest burden, with an ARH of 1.9/100,000 population (95% CI, 1.7–2.2). Among known causes, the greatest burden of hospitalizations resulted from tuberculous ME (0.8/100,000; 95% CI, 0.6–0.97), followed by pneumococcal and enteroviral ME (both 0.6/100,000 population; 95% CI, 0.5–0.8). The burden of ME caused by pathogens preventable through vaccination or public health measures outweighed that of ME from other causes (P = 0.0092, Fisher’s exact test). We report a broad range of pathogens causing ME in southern Pakistan and show a high burden of preventable illness. Synergistic actions to improve diagnostic strategies, increase vaccinations, and introduce measures to reduce water-borne and vector-borne diseases are required to reduce the ME burden in Pakistan and prevent future outbreaks.
Seroprevalence of Chagas Disease among People of Latin American Descent Living in Suffolk County, Long Island, New York
Authors: Saldivar Miguel A. , Michelen Yamil E. , Milla Lucia , Kalogeropoulos Andreas P. , Sin Eric , Hellman Harriet L. , Gilman Robert H. , Marcos Luis A. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT.
This cross-sectional study estimated a one-time point seroprevalence rate of Chagas disease among people of Latin American descent in Suffolk County, Long Island, New York. Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were screened using the Chagas Detect Plus Rapid Test (InBios, Seattle, WA) with confirmation via Trypanosoma cruzi enzyme immunoassay and T. cruzi immunoblot assay. Administration of a questionnaire regarding demographics and risk factors followed. A seroprevalence rate of 10.74% was found. Identified risk factors included prior residence in a palm leaf house (odds ratio [OR], 10.42; P = 0.003; 95% CI, 2.18–49.76), residence in a house with triatomines (OR, 9.03; P = 0.006; 95% CI, 1.90–42.88), and history of triatomine bite (OR, 9.52; P = 0.009; 95% CI, 1.75–51.77). Our findings emphasize the importance of this frequently underdiagnosed disease and help highlight the importance of early screening among high-risk populations.
Análise do perfil do uso de agrotóxicos no estado do Mato Grosso Do Sul, políticas públicas relacionadas e impactos na saúde da população.
Authors: Ferreira de Almeida Jéssica Thayssa , Amorim Rodrigues Kohl Lander Vanessa , Marcos de Souza Martins João , Araujo Carvalho Karoline , Bento Barbosa Alexandre , Kemp Chacarosque Gonçalves Isabela , Henrique Trindade Monteiro Pedro , Mauro Mariana , Rocha Moreira Dener 
Published: July 2023

O presente estudo buscou retratar o uso de agrotóxicos no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, assim como abordar as questões legislativas que dão o suporte para seu consumo e distribuição. Foram analisados diversos artigos com intuito de comparar como os agrotóxicos mais utilizados no contexto estadual poderiam influenciar na saúde da população. Observou-se que mesmo com as legislações vigentes ainda há uso exacerbado de agrotóxicos de alta toxidade que são proibidos em outros países. Nesse contexto, surge a importância deste estudo para a saúde da população, oferecendo subsídios epidemiológicos aos profissionais de saúde para o diagnóstico precoce das intoxicações agudas e das consequências crônicas, principalmente relacionadas à população rural que trabalha diretamente com estes produtos. Possibilita, também, o devido suporte aos profissionais ambientais, procurando motivá-los a buscar meios alternativos para garantir a continuidade do crescimento da produtividade da agricultura no Estado, setor que é estratégico da sua economia, com base em princípios da sustentabilidade ambiental e de prevenção e promoção da saúde coletiva. Diante deste cenário, cabe levantarmos o questionamento de como equilibrar produções agrícolas eficientes e a segurança da população, visto que Mato Grosso do Sul é o Estado que mais utiliza agrotóxicos na agricultura, num país que lidera os rankings mundiais.
Percepção dos estudantes de medicina sobre as repercussões do período pandêmico na sua formação acadêmica
Authors: Fernandes Oliveira Tirabasso Gabriel , Bueno Felicio Filipe , Silva Oliveira Hinnâe , Cristina Candida de Oliveira Isabella , Artur de Morais Thiago 
Published: July 2023

Em março de 2020, a Organização Mundial da Saúde declarou pandemia de coronavírus (Covid-19) e, com isso, as aulas dos cursos de medicina de todo o país se tornaram essencialmente online por um certo tempo. Este estudo tem como objetivo geral compreender os impactos da pandemia na formação acadêmica dos estudantes de medicina. Tratou-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, do tipo qualitativo. Participaram da pesquisa estudantes do curso de medicina. A seleção foi feita por critério de conveniência e o fechamento amostral por saturação teórica. Através deste estudo demonstrou quais foram os prejuízos da pandemia do Covid-19 na formação médica, segundo a visão dos acadêmicos.
Aperfeiçoamento do protocolo de atendimento às crianças e adolescentes vítimas de violência sexual no município de Araguari-MG
Authors: Alves Pereira da Costa Natasha Ayira , Resende David Mariane , Ingrid Messias Gonçalves Mariana , André Macêdo do Vale Silva Marcos , Ribeiro Souto Roberta 
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Analisar as notificações de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes da cidade de Araguari-MG e obter os dados sociodemográficos das vítimas. Metodologia: O estudo consiste em uma analise transversal do tipo quanti-qualitativo, através da verificação das fichas de notificação individual de violência armazenadas no Centro de Apoio Especializado (CAE) de Araguari dos últimos cinco anos. Resultados: Obteve-se um total de 26 vítimas, sendo 21 do sexo feminino e 4 do sexo masculino. Em relação aos meios de agressão 50% das ocorrências foram devido estupro, 3,84% foram descritas como “avô mexia com ela todas as noites” e (3,84%) como “vontade própria”. Outros meios informados foram abuso sexual (3,84%), força corporal/espancamento (19,23%), ameaça (15,38%), assédio sexual (23,07%), pornografia infantil (7,69%) e sexismo (3,84%). Quanto à data da ocorrência e da notificação, uma ficha (3,84%) não possuía nenhuma das datas, 23 fichas foram notificadas no mesmo ano em que ocorreu a violência (88,46%), uma foi notificada após 10 anos da violência (3,84%) e outra após 6 anos (3,84%). Conclusão: Após as análises das notificações, foi possível concluir que de fato há uma necessidade de um aperfeiçoamento do protocolo de atendimento a essas vítimas, uma vez que percebe-se a falta de informações indispensáveis para que se obtenha de fato uma eficiente rede de cuidado e de proteção social para a atenção integral às crianças, adolescentes e suas famílias em situação de violências no município de Araguari.
Impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 na saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde atuantes em uma instituição de longa permanência para idosos do município de Araguari-MG: um estudo fenomenológico.
Authors: Borges de Moraes Mak Alisson , Okada Yamagami Evelyn , Coimbra Mundim Gabrielle 
Published: July 2023

Introdução: A pandemia de COVID - 19 afetou a saúde mental da população. O contexto de enfrentamento da doença contribuiu para o surgimento de diversas demandas psicoemocionais. Os profissionais de saúde foram particularmente afetados, uma vez que atuaram na linha de frente nas ações de combate ao vírus. Diante desse panorama, as ILPI’s sofreram diversos impactos, o que acarretou prejuízos na saúde mental tanto dos residentes quanto dos profissionais de saúde atuantes. Objetivos: Nesse sentido, o objetivo central desta pesquisa foi investigar os possíveis impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 na saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde que atuam na atenção ao idoso institucionalizado. Metodologia: O estudo se delineou através de uma abordagem qualitativa e amparado no método fenomenológico de pesquisa proposto por Giorgi. A amostra foi formada pelos profissionais de saúde atuantes em uma ILPI, localizada no município de Araguari - MG. Resultados: Através da análise das entrevistas, foi possível identificar três núcleos de sentidos principais: os impactos psicológicos na vida pessoal; os efeitos das alterações no trabalho desencadeados pelo contexto pandêmico e os mecanismos de enfrentamento utilizados. Conclusão: A pesquisa demonstrou que a pandemia causou impactos negativos na saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde, pois suscitou diversas alterações emocionais tanto na esfera da vida pessoal quanto no campo das atividades profissionais. Evidenciou-se também o desenvolvimento de mecanismos de enfrentamento que auxiliaram os profissionais a lidarem com os desafios impostos. Contudo, ressalta-se a importância e a necessidade de se desenvolver ações de cuidado à saúde mental dos profissionais de saúde.
Muhasabah An-Nafs untuk Mengenali Potensi Diri Siswa di Madrasah Aliyah Swasta Miftahussalam Medan
Authors: Imelda Reza , Harahap Muhammad Yunan 
Published: July 2023

Abstrak: Agar potensi peserta didik dapat berkembang diperlukan adanya sebuah metode pembelajaran yang efektif. Karenanya penelitian ini mengurai tentang bagaimana impementasi Muhasabah An-Nafs dalam proses pembelajaran dan apakah metode tersebut dapat membantu siswa Madrasah Aliyah Swasta Miftahussalam Medan untuk mengenali dan menemukan potensi dirinya. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan jenis pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang memuat gambaran kompleks dan pandangan responden. Pengumpulan sumber data yang diambil oleh peneliti berdasarkan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, kemudian disimpulkan melalui model analisis dengan tahapan; reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil pertama yang di peroleh dari penelitian ini adalah dengan Muhasabah An-Nafs memberikam dampak yang baik bagi para siswa dan bagi pihak sekolah, sehingga guru dan para siswa memiliki kontrol diri yang baik serta dapat mengenali dirinya sendiri sehingga menjadi lulusan yang berkualitas. Hasil kedua penelitian dengan Muhasabah An-Nafs juga dapat membantu siswa mengenali potensi dirinya dengan membuka cakrawala berpikirnya menjadi lebih luas sehingga menuai prestasi dari potensi yang mereka miliki.
Analysis of Features of Investment Attractiveness of Agriculture in Kazakhstan
Authors: Alibekova Vilnara , Abildaev Sultan , Shaldarbekova Karlygash 
Published: July 2023

The article reveals the peculiarities of increasing investment attractiveness in agriculture in the Republic of Kazakhstan, that is, starting from the first years of independence, the country creates favorable conditions for attracting domestic and foreign investments to the country's economy. The possibilities of reviving real production depend on the level of their accumulation and efficiency of use, especially during a change in the geopolitical situation, against the background of which Kazakhstan may occupy one of the best positions in the world in this industry. But at the same time, investment processes in agro-industrial, and in particular agricultural production have their own characteristics due to its specifics. Attracting investment in the agro-industrial complex is a multifaceted task that covers the entire range of possible financial, economic, legal and organizational resources. Which, in turn, are aimed at developing and using optimal and effective mechanisms for investing in the agricultural sector.
The study of the chosen topic was carried out using the following methods of cognition: dialectical method, method of theoretical analysis and synthesis of various sources of domestic and foreign literature, structural and functional method, system method, comparative method, description method, statistical methods of information processing, method of summarizing the information and materials obtained in this work.
Having studied the works of foreign and domestic scientists on the topic of research, as well as analyzing the main socio-economic indicators of agriculture in the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union and the world as a whole, the need to use a comprehensive assessment to determine the effectiveness of investment attractiveness in the agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan has been proved.
Conclusion: Based on the study of this situation in the European and CIS countries, the main problems were identified and solutions were proposed to increase investment attractiveness in the agro-industrial complex, as well as methods for assessing them were systematized.