bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementação de grupos multiprofissionais de aprendizagem em um hospital de ensino: Protocolo de um estudo
Authors: Costa Josiane Moreira da , Silva Kênia Lara da , Costa Mônica Aparecida , Barbuto Rafael Calvão , Souza Gustavo Chaves de , Teixeira Leandro Amorim , Machado Carla Jorge , Jorge Alzira Oliveira 
Published: August 2023

Práticas de Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) podem ser vistas como estratégias de fortalecimento do aprendizado na forma de oferecer cuidado em saúde a partir da valorização das vivências profissionais. Este artigo objetiva descrever o protocolo de um estudo de implementação de uma prática de EPS em um hospital de ensino. Trata-se de um estudo quase experimental, que propõe o oferecimento de uma prática de fortalecimento da EPS denominada grupos multiprofissionais de aprendizagem (GMA). Serão ofertados seis GMA por participante, em intervalos mensais. Cada GMA será constituído pelos momentos: aquecimento, estímulo ao pensar crítico/problematização e conscientização. Discussões reflexivas e informações assíncronas (IA) acontecerão nos intervalos entre os encontros. As IA consistem em vídeos com informações técnicas, pautadas em relatos e vivências dos profissionais, com as temáticas discutidas nos GMA, para fixação do aprendizado. Para a implementação, ocorrerá a elaboração do plano de execução, que será submetido ao método de avaliação de juízes, seguido do oferecimento da intervenção. A avaliação da implementação do GMA ocorrerá por meio de mensuração de indicadores institucionais, relacionados à gestão clínica, nos períodos pré e pós implementação. Também, ocorrerão entrevistas com os participantes, com finalidade de avaliar as contribuições da participação nos grupos para as práticas profissionais. Espera-se que a implementação dos GMA contribua para a troca de vivências, translação do conhecimento técnico científico e qualificação do cuidado oferecido, além do fortalecimento da prática de EPS na instituição, aplicável em outros locais.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LIKUIDITAS, DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS
Authors: Estuti Eni Puji , Sari Putri Sendang 
Published: August 2023

Pada awal tahun 2020 pandemi covid-19 mulai masuk ke Indonesia yang berdampak hampir pada berbagai bidang dalam kehidupan. Salah satunya dalam bidang ekonomi, dalam bidang ekonomi banyak perusahaan dalam berbagai sektor yang terdampak dan mengalami kesulitan keuangan. Sehingga tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk manganalisis pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas, dan leverage terhadap financial distress. Populasi dalam penelitian ini merupakan perusahaan manufaktur sub sektor industri bahan konnsumsi yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia. Teknik yang digunakan merupakan tenik purposive sampling dengan sampel 28 perusahaan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan Uji t yang didapat profitabillitas tidak berpengaruh pada financial distress dengan hasil uji nilai signifikansi 0.318 > 0.05 dan nilai t 1.009<2.007. Likuiditas berpengaruh pada financial distress dengan hasil uji nilai signifikansi 0.001 < 0.05 dan nilai t 3.492 >2.007. Dan Leverage tidak berpengaruh pada financial distress dengan hasil pengujian nilai niliai signifikansi 0.781 > 0.05 dan nilai t-0.279 < 2.007. Pada Uji Koefisien Determinasi didapakan hasil nilai R-Square sebesar 0.059, yang berarti bahwa pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas, dan leverage terhadap financial distress adalah sebesar 19.1%.
Changing Molecular Profiles of Human Cryptosporidiosis Cases in Scotland as a Result of the Coronavirus Disease, COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bacchetti Ross , Connelly Lisa , Browning Lynda , Alexander Claire L. 
Published: August 2023

Cryptosporidium, the most frequently reported parasite in Scotland, causes gastrointestinal illness resulting in diarrhoea, nausea and cramps. Two species are responsible for most cases: Cryptosporidium hominis (C. hominis) and Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum). Transmission occurs faecal-orally, through ingestion of contaminated food and water, or direct contact with faeces. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic led to global restrictions, including national lockdowns to limit viral transmission. Such interventions led to decreased social mixing, and reduced/no local and international travel, which are factors associated with transmission of multiple communicable diseases, including cryptosporidiosis. This report assessed the impact of the pandemic on Scottish cryptosporidiosis cases, and identified changes in circulating molecular variants of Cryptosporidium species. Molecular data generated using real time PCR and GP60 nested-PCR assays on laboratory-confirmed cryptosporidiosis cases reported during 2018–22 were analysed. The Scottish Microbiology Reference Laboratories (SMiRL), Glasgow, received 774 Cryptosporidium-positive faeces during 2018–22, of which 486 samples were successfully subtyped. During this time period, C. hominis (n = 155; 21%) and C. parvum (n = 572; 77%) were the most commonly detected species. The total number of cases during 2020, which was greatly affected by the pandemic, was markedly lower in comparison to case numbers in the 2 years before and after 2020. The most predominant C. hominis family detected prior to 2020 was the Ib family which shifted to the Ie family during 2022. The most common C. parvum variant during 2018–22 was the IIa family, however a rise in the IId family was observed (n = 6 in 2018 to n = 25 in 2022). The dominant C. hominis subtype IbA10G2, which accounted for 71% of C. hominis subtypes in 2018–19 was superseded by three rare subtypes: IeA11G3T3 (n = 15), IdA16 (n = 8) and IbA9G3 (n = 3) by 2022. Frequently reported C. parvum subtypes in 2018–19 were IIaA15G2R1 and IIaA17G1R1, accounting for 59% of total C. parvum subtypes. By 2022, IIaA15G2R1 remained the most common (n = 28), however three unusual subtypes in Scotland emerged: IIdA24G1 (n = 7), IIaA16G3R1 (n = 7) and IIaA15G1R2 (n = 7). Continuous monitoring of Cryptosporidium variants following the pandemic will be essential to explore further changes and emergence of strains with altered virulence.
Assessment of three triage systems by medical undergraduate students using simulated disaster patients: a comparative study
Authors: Zhang Jieqiong , Liu Kui , Chen Ruilin , Ren Jie , Wang Rui , Li Linyi , Jiang Jun , Hua Yan , Wan Yi 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundTriage is an initial important step in emergency medical rescues for mass casualty incidents, and different triage systems are used in practice. However, quantitative analysis-based evidence comparing these triage systems in mass casualty incidents is limited.ObjectiveTo compare the performance of three triage systems, simple triage and rapid treatment (START), abbreviated scoring method for combat casualty (ASMcc), and sort assess lifesaving interventions treatment/transport (SALT) system, for simulated disaster patients, as assessed by medical undergraduate students.MethodsMedical undergraduates were recruited and randomly divided into three groups to evaluate the performance of the three triage systems by using simulated disaster patient cards. The triage time, accuracy, and overtriage and undertriage rates were analyzed among groups. Furthermore, a questionnaire survey was used to investigate the responses of the participants regarding learning, practice, and satisfaction among the three triage systems.ResultsA total of 30 participants were included in the study. The participants were male medical undergraduate students with a mean age of 20.73 ± 0.45 years. ASMcc had the highest accuracy of 75% with the lowest over-triage rate of 20%, SALT had the lowest undertriage rate of 19%, and START had the shortest triage time of 12.68 ± 4.96 min (all P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the results of the questionnaire survey showed that START was easy to learn and recall with high efficiency and, among the three systems, had the highest satisfaction ratings from the participants.ConclusionThe results of the study showed that the three triage systems had their own characteristics and advantages, and they are all suitable for use in mass casualty incidents. Further studies involving more triage systems with data based on real conditions are recommended.
Identification and validation of key biomarkers based on RNA methylation genes in sepsis
Authors: Zhang Qianqian , Bao Xiaowei , Cui Mintian , Wang Chunxue , Ji Jinlu , Jing Jiongjie , Zhou Xiaohui , Chen Kun , Tang Lunxian 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundRNA methylation is closely involved in immune regulation, but its role in sepsis remains unknown. Here, we aim to investigate the role of RNA methylation-associated genes (RMGs) in classifying and diagnosing of sepsis.MethodsFive types of RMGs (m1A, m5C, m6Am, m7G and Ψ) were used to identify sepsis subgroups based on gene expression profile data obtained from the GEO database (GSE57065, GSE65682, and GSE95233). Unsupervised clustering analysis was used to identify distinct RNA modification subtypes. The CIBERSORT, WGCNA, GO and KEGG analysis were performed to explore immune infiltration pattern and biological function of each cluster. RF, SVM, XGB, and GLM algorithm were applied to identify the diagnostic RMGs in sepsis. Finally, the expression levels of the five key RMGs were verified by collecting PBMCs from septic patients using qRT-PCR, and their diagnostic efficacy for sepsis was verified in combination with clinical data using ROC analysis.ResultsSepsis was divided into three subtypes (cluster 1 to 3). Cluster 1 highly expressed NSUN7 and TRMT6, with the characteristic of neutrophil activation and upregulation of MAPK signaling pathways. Cluster 2 highly expressed NSUN3, and was featured by the regulation of mRNA stability and amino acid metabolism. NSUN5 and NSUN6 were upregulated in cluster 3 which was involved in ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis and carbohydrate metabolism pathways. In addition, we identified that five RMGs (NSUN7, NOP2, PUS1, PUS3 and FTO) could function as biomarkers for clinic diagnose of sepsis. For validation, we determined that the relative expressions of NSUN7, NOP2, PUS1 and PUS3 were upregulated, while FTO was downregulated in septic patients. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of NSUN7, NOP2, PUS1, PUS3 and FTO was 0.828, 0.707, 0.846, 0.834 and 0.976, respectively.ConclusionsOur study uncovered that dysregulation of RNA methylation genes (m1A, m5C, m6Am, m7G and Ψ) was closely involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis, providing new insights into the classification of sepsis endotypes. We also revealed that five hub RMGs could function as novel diagnostic biomarkers and potential targets for treatment.
Membrane-bound Interleukin-1α mediates leukocyte adhesion during atherogenesis
Authors: Maeder Christina , Speer Thimoteus , Wirth Angela , Boeckel Jes-Niels , Fatima Sameen , Shahzad Khurrum , Freichel Marc , Laufs Ulrich , Gaul Susanne 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe interleukin-1 (IL-1) family and the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome contribute to atherogenesis but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Unlike IL-1β, IL-1α is not dependent on the NLRP3 inflammasome to exert its pro-inflammatory effects. Here, a non-genetic model was applied to characterize the role of IL-1α, IL-1β, and NLRP3 for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.MethodsAtherogenesis was induced by gain-of-function PCSK9-AAV8 mutant viruses and feeding of a high-fat western diet (WTD) for 12 weeks in C57Bl6/J wildtype mice (WT) and in Il1a-/-, Nlrp3-/-, and Il1b-/- mice.ResultsPCSK9-Il1a-/- mice showed reduced atherosclerotic plaque area in the aortic root with lower lipid accumulation, while no difference was observed between PCSK9-WT, PCSK9-Nlrp3-/- and PCSK9-Il1b-/- mice. Serum proteomic analysis showed a reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6) in PCSK9-Il1a-/- as well as in PCSK9-Nlrp3-/- and PCSK9-Il1b-/- mice. Bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDC) of PCSK9-WT, PCSK9-Nlrp3-/-, and PCSK9-Il1b-/- mice and primary human monocytes showed translocation of IL-1α to the plasma membrane (csIL-1α) upon stimulation with LPS. The translocation of IL-1α to the cell surface was regulated by myristoylation and increased in mice with hypercholesterolemia. CsIL-1α and IL1R1 protein-protein interaction on endothelial cells induced VCAM1 expression and monocyte adhesion, which was abrogated by the administration of neutralizing antibodies against IL-1α and IL1R1.ConclusionThe results highlight the importance of IL-1α on the cell surface of circulating leucocytes for the development of atherosclerosis. PCSK9-Il1a-/- mice, but not PCSK9-Nlrp3-/- or PCSK9-Il1b-/- mice, are protected from atherosclerosis after induction of hypercholesterolemia independent of circulating cytokines. Myristoylation and translocation of IL-1α to the cell surface in myeloid cells facilitates leukocyte adhesion and contributes to the development of atherosclerosis.
Relationship between paramacular thinning, cerebral vasculopathy, and hematological risk factors in sickle cell disease
Authors: Orssaud Christophe , Flamarion Edouard , Michon Adrien , Ranque Brigitte , Arlet Jean Benoit 
Published: August 2023

PurposeTo identify risk factors for sickle cell maculopathy due to hematological parameters (especially anemia and hemolysis) or cerebral vasculopathy.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted at a Referral Center. The follow-up included optical coherent tomography/optical coherent tomography angiography, neuro-radiological imaging, and a hematological assessment (hemoglobin, hemoglobin S level, reticulocytes, mean corpuscular volume, bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase).ResultsHundred and thirty-two sickle cell patients were included. Maculopathy was observed in 127 eyes of SS patients and 10 eyes of SC patients (p &lt; 0.001), unrelated to peripheral retinopathy. Cerebral vasculopathy was more frequent in SS patients (p &lt; 0.001) and was also associated with the presence of maculopathy (p = 0.049), and it was related to peripheral retinopathy (p &lt; 0.001). All biological parameters significantly differed according to the genotype (p &lt; 0.001) but not according to the presence of cerebral vasculopathy or maculopathy. In the multivariate analysis, reticulocytes and bilirubin were associated with the presence of cerebral vasculopathy and maculopathy.ConclusionThe data obtained were consistent with the role of anemia or hemolysis markers in cerebral vasculopathy and macular involvement. As a trend of hemolysis appears to be a risk factor for these complications, this validates the use of preventive plasmapheresis in these patients.
Association between choline supplementation and Alzheimer’s disease risk: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Aguree Sixtus , Zolnoori Maryam , Atwood Thea Patricia , Owora Arthur 
Published: August 2023

Background and aimsThere is growing evidence suggesting choline intake might have beneficial effects on cognitive function in the elderly. However, some studies report no relationship between choline intake and cognitive function or improvement in Alzheimer’s disease patients. This protocol is for a systematic review of choline intake and Alzheimer’s disease that aims to assess the comparative clinical effectiveness of choline supplementation on Alzheimer’s disease risk.Methods and analysisliterature search will be performed in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane, and the Web of Science electronic databases from inception until October 2023. We will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies will be included if they compared two different time points of choline biomarkers measures in men or women (65+) with Alzheimer’s Disease. The risk of bias in the included studies will be assessed within the Covidence data-management software.ResultsThis review will summarize the clinical trial and quasi-experimental evidence of choline intake on Alzheimer’s disease risk for adults aged 65+. The results from all eligible studies included in the analysis will be presented in tables, text, and figures. A descriptive synthesis will present the characteristics of included studies (e.g., age, sex of participants, type, length of intervention and comparator, and outcome measures), critical appraisal results, and descriptions of the main findings.DiscussionThis systematic review will summarize the existing evidence on the association between Choline intake and AD and to make recommendations if appropriate. The results of this review will be considered with respect to whether there is enough evidence of benefit to merit a more definitive randomized controlled trial. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals population.ConclusionThis protocol outlines the methodology for a systematic review of choline intake and AD. The resulting systematic review from this protocol will form an evidence-based foundation to advance nutrition care for individuals with AD or poor cognitive function.Systematic review registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023395004.
Perceived antidepressant efficacy associated with reduced negative and enhanced neutral mnemonic discrimination
Authors: Phillips Taylor O. , Castro Madelyn , Vas Rishi K. , Ferguson Lorena A. , Harikumar Amritha , Leal Stephanie L. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionWhile antidepressants are one of the first-line treatments for depression, the mechanisms underlying antidepressant action are unclear. Furthermore, the extent to which antidepressants impact emotional and cognitive dysfunction in depression requires more fine-grained approaches toward measuring these impacts in humans. Depression is associated with emotion and mood dysregulation in addition to cognitive deficits. Depressed individuals experience general memory impairment as well as a negativity bias in episodic memory, where negative events are better remembered than positive or neutral events. One potential mechanism hypothesized to underlie the negativity bias in memory is dysfunctional hippocampal pattern separation, in which depressed individuals tend to show impaired general pattern separation but enhanced negative pattern separation. Mnemonic discrimination tasks have been designed to tax hippocampal pattern separation in humans and provide a powerful approach to develop a mechanistic account for cognitive dysfunction in depression. While antidepressants have been examined primarily in rodent models in the context of hippocampal pattern separation, this has yet to be examined in humans.MethodsHere, we investigated how antidepressant usage and their perceived efficacy was associated with emotional mnemonic discrimination, given our prior work indicating a negativity bias for mnemonic discrimination in individuals with greater depressive symptoms.ResultsWe found that individuals who reported a greater improvement in their depressive symptoms after taking antidepressants (responders) showed reduced negative and enhanced neutral mnemonic discrimination compared to those with little to no improvement (non-responders). Perceived antidepressant efficacy was the strongest predictor of a reduction in the negativity bias for mnemonic discrimination, even when controlling for current depressive symptoms, antidepressant type, and other relevant factors.DiscussionThese results suggest that antidepressants, when effective, can shift memory dynamics toward healthy function.
Development and validation of a nomogram to predict the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with dynamic changes in AFP undergoing locoregional treatments
Authors: Sun Yu , Xiong Yiqi , Wang Qi , Qiao Wenying , Zhang Honghai , Zhang Yonghong 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundSerum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an important clinical indicator for screening, diagnosis, and prognosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our team’s previous study showed that patients with negative AFP at baseline and positive AFP at relapse had a worse prognosis (N-P). Therefore, the aim of our study was to develop and validate a nomogram for this group of patients.MethodsA total of 513 patients with HCC who received locoregional treatments at Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2012 to December 2019 were prospectively enrolled. Patients admitted from 2012 to 2015 were assigned to the training cohort (n = 335), while 2016 to 2019 were in the validation cohort (n =183). The clinical and pathological features of patients were collected, and independent risk factors were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis as a basis for developing a nomogram. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by C-index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves in the training and validation cohorts.ResultsThe content of the nomogram includes gender, tumor number, tumor size, lymphocyte, direct bilirubin (DBIL), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and prealbumin. The C-index (0.717 and 0.752) and 1-, 3-, and 5-year AUCs (0.721, 0.825, 0.845, and 0.740, 0.868, 0.837) of the training and validation cohorts proved the good predictive performance of the nomogram. Calibration curves and DCA curves suggested accuracy and net clinical benefit rates. The nomogram enabled to classify of patients with dynamic changes in AFP into three groups according to the risk of recurrence: low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk. There was a statistically significant difference in RFS between the three groups in the training and validation cohorts (P&lt;0.001).ConclusionThe nomogram developed and validated in this study had good predictive power for patients with dynamic changes in AFP.