bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manganese‐Catalyzed Redox‐Neutral Thiolation of Alkyl Halides with Thioformates
Authors: Pei Pan , Zhao Min , Lin Dengkai , Dong Zhan , Song Liangliang , Chen Liang‐An 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed C−S cross‐coupling has emerged as an important strategy to furnish thioethers; however, the dominant utilization of noble metal catalysts as well as the construction of challenging C(sp3)−S bonds by transition metal‐catalysis remain highly problematic. Earth‐abundant manganese has gathered increasing interest as an attractive catalyst for new reaction development; nevertheless, C(sp3)−S cross‐coupling reaction by manganese catalysis has not been reported. Herein, we disclose a highly efficient manganese‐catalyzed redox‐neutral thiolation of a broad range of alkyl halides with thioformates as practical sulfuration agents. Strategically, employing easily synthesized thioformates as thiyl radical precursors allows access to various aryl and alkyl thioethers in good to excellent yields. Notably, this redox‐neutral method avoids the utilization of strong bases, external ligands, forcing reaction conditions, and stoichiometric manganese, thus presenting apparent advantages, such as broad substrate scope, excellent functional group compatibility, and mild reaction conditions. Finally, the utilities of this method are also illustrated by downstream transformations and late‐stage thiolation of structurally complex natural products and pharmaceuticals.
Toward a Formyl‐to‐Phenyl Conversion: An Unexpected Photochemical Fulvene Rearrangement
Authors: Lindner Monika M. , Alachraf M. Wasim , Mitschke Benjamin , Schulze Philipp , Leutzsch Markus , List Benjamin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractToward a conversion of aldehydes into arenes, we designed a sequence involving the initial reaction of an aldehyde to give a fulvene, followed by photochemical and platinum‐catalyzed rearrangements into a Dewar benzene derivative, which finally isomerizes into the targeted arene. While computational studies support the plausibility of this route, we found that fulvene irradiation resulted in an unexpected isomerization into a spiro[2.4]heptadiene. This unusual photorearrangement has been investigated mechanistically and provides access to a variety of spiro[2.4]heptadienes with different substituents.
Comparison of properties of carbon reinforced plastic obtained on the basis of semicrystalline polyimideR‐BAPBand other high‐temperature‐resistant thermoplastic matrices
Authors: Vaganov Gleb , Ivan'kova Elena , Didenko Andrey , Popova Elena , Smirnova Valentina , Elokhovskiy Vladimir , Yudin Vladimir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHeat resistant thermoplastic matrices offer potential advantages over thermoset polymers and represent a promising alternative in advanced composite applications. In the present work, the properties of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) based on the developed semicrystalline polyimide R‐BAPB were studied and compared with those of highly heat‐resistant thermoplastic polymers such as amorphous polyetherimide Ultem‐1000 and semicrystalline polyetherketone PEEK. To obtain CFRP, an approach was used basing on the uniform distribution of polymer powders on continuous carbon fibers by electrostatic spraying followed by their impregnation in heated calenders and hot pressing. The thermal and thermomechanical properties of CFRPs based on mentioned above polymers were studied. The effect of temperature on the mechanical behavior of CFRPs, including flexural properties and interlaminar fracture toughnessG1C, was investigated as well. CFRPs based on PEEK and R‐BAPB are found to have the highest thermal stability and heat resistance. The maximum flexural strength, which practically does not change in a wide temperature range from −50 to 180°C, is observed for CFRP based on R‐BAPB polyimide. Among the investigated CFRPs, the highest value of interlaminar fracture toughness is shown by CFRPs based on semicrystalline R‐BAPB.
Anatomical study of the sacrotuberous ligament and the hamstring muscles: A histomorphological analysis
Authors: Kim Miri , Yang Hun‐Mu , Yeo In‐Seung 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe sacrotuberous ligament (STL) and the hamstrings are important structures that are mutually connected and influenced by the pelvis. However, the anatomical connectivity and histological characteristics of these structures remain unclear. The present study aimed to comprehensively investigate the relationship between the STL and the proximal hamstrings through histological analysis. Sixteen specimens were obtained from eight fresh cadavers (mean age at death, 73.4 years). Verhoeff Van Gieson, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze the connectivity between the STL and the hamstrings and to verify the ratios of collagen and elastic fibers. Dense connective tissue that overlapped tightly between the STL and hamstrings was observed. The relative ratios of collagen and elastic fibers between the STL and hamstrings characteristically identified regional differences. The ratio of elastic fibers to collagen in the biceps femoris (BF) was ~38.6 ± 4.7%, and the lowest ratio was 5.9 ± 2.6% observed in the semimembranosus (SM). In the case of the BF, contractibility is well‐regulated due to a high content of elastic fibers; however, the muscular structure of the BF is relatively fragile due to the low content of collagen. In the SM, collagen content is higher than that in the STL. This ratio of elastic fibers in the collagen analysis could provide crucial information for understanding the differences in hamstring contractility and maintaining the morphology of these structures.
The genetic polymorphisms of immune‐related genes contribute to the susceptibility and survival of lymphoma
Authors: Gu Chaoyang , Can Can , Liu Jinting , Wei Yihong , Yang Xinyu , Guo Xiaodong , Wang Ruiqing , Jia Wenbo , Liu Wancheng , Ma Daoxin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThough immunological abnormalities have been proven involved in the pathogenesis of lymphoma, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.MethodsWe investigated 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 21 immune‐related genes and explored their roles in lymphoma. The genotyping assay of the selected SNPs was used by the Massarray platform. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the associations of SNPs and the susceptibility of lymphoma or clinical characteristics of lymphoma patients. In addition, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression was used to further analyze the relationships with the survival of lymphoma patients and candidate SNPs, and the significant difference between genotypes was verified by the expression of RNA.ResultsBy comparing 245 lymphoma patients with 213 healthy controls, we found eight important SNPs related to the susceptibility of lymphoma, which were involved in JAK–STAT, NF‐κB and other functional pathways. We further analyzed the relationships between SNPs and clinical characteristics. Our results showed that both IL6R (rs2228145) and STAT5B (rs6503691) significantly contributed to the Ann Arbor stages of lymphoma. And the STAT3 (rs744166), IL2 (rs2069762), IL10 (rs1800871), and PARP1 (rs907187) manifested a significant relationship with the peripheral blood counts in lymphoma patients. More importantly, the IFNG (rs2069718) and IL12A (rs6887695) were associated with the overall survival (OS) of lymphoma patients remarkably, and the adverse effects of GC genotypes could not be offset by Bonferroni correction for multiple comparison in rs6887695 especially. Moreover, we determined that the mRNA expression levels of IFNG and IL12A were significantly decreased in patients with shorter‐OS genotypes.ConclusionsWe used multiple methods of analysis to predict the correlations between lymphoma susceptibility, clinical characteristics or OS with SNPs. Our findings reveal that immune‐related genetic polymorphisms contribute to the prognosis and treatment of lymphoma, which may serve as promising predictive targets.
Predictors of nonadherence to breast cancer screening guidelines in a United States urban comprehensive cancer center
Authors: Wehbe Alexandra , Gonte Madeleine R. , O'Neill Suzanne C. , Amit‐Yousif Alit , Purrington Kristen , Manning Mark , Simon Michael S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to identify predictors of nonadherence to breast cancer screening guidelines in an urban screening clinic among high‐ and average‐risk women in the United States.MethodsWe reviewed records of 6090 women who received ≥2 screening mammograms over 2 years at the Karmanos Cancer Institute to examine how breast cancer risk and breast density were associated with guideline‐concordant screening. Incongruent screening was defined as receiving supplemental imaging between screening mammograms for average‐risk women, and as not receiving recommended supplemental imaging for high‐risk women. We used t‐tests and chi‐square tests to examine bivariate associations with guideline‐congruent screening, and probit regression to regress guideline‐congruence unto breast cancer risk, breast density, and their interaction, controlling for age and race.ResultsIncongruent screening was more likely among high‐ versus average‐risk women (97.7% vs. 0.9%, p < 0.01). Among average‐risk women, incongruent screening was more likely among those with dense versus nondense breasts (2.0% vs. 0.1%, p < 0.01). Among high‐risk women, incongruent screening was more likely among those with nondense versus dense breasts (99.5% vs. 95.2%, p < 0.01). The significant main effects of density and high‐risk on increased incongruent screening were qualified by a density by high‐risk interaction, showing a weaker association between risk and incongruent screening among women with dense breasts (simple slope = 3.71, p < 0.01) versus nondense breasts (simple slope = 5.79, p < 0.01). Age and race were not associated with incongruent screening.ConclusionsLack of adherence to evidence‐based screening guidelines has led to underutilization of supplementary imaging for high‐risk women and potential overutilization for women with dense breasts without other risk factors.
Insights into the Role of Erythrina corallodendron L. in Alzheimer's Disease: in Vitro and in Silico Approach
Authors: Salem Ahmed M. , Mostafa Nada M. , Al‐Sayed Eman , Fawzy Iten M. , Singab Abdel Nasser B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a major health problem. Cholinergic transmission is greatly affected in AD. Phytochemical investigation of the alkaloid rich fraction (AF) of Erythrina corallodendron L leaves resulted in isolation of five known alkaloids: erysodine, erythrinine, 8‐oxoerythrinine, erysovine N‐oxide and erythrinine N‐oxide. In this study, eysovine N‐oxide was reported for the second time in nature. AF was assayed for cholinesterase inhibition at the concentration of 100 μg mL−1. AF showed a higher percent inhibition for butyrylcholinesterase enzyme (BuChE) (83.28 %) compared to acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) (64.64 %). The isolated alkaloids were also assayed for their anti‐BuChE effect. In‐silico docking study was done for the isolated compounds at the binding sites of AChE and BuChE to determine their binding pattern and interactions, also molecular dynamics were estimated for the compound displaying the best fit for AChE and BuChE. In addition, ADME parameters and toxicity were predicted for the isolated alkaloids compared to donepezil.
Cuticular Wax Variability of Abies alba, A.×borisii‐regis and A. cephalonica from the Balkans: Chemophenetic and Ecological Aspects
Authors: Mitić Zorica S. , Nikolić Jelena S. , Dimitrijević Ivana S. , Jevtović Snežana Č. , Nikolić Biljana M. , Zlatković Bojan K. , Stojanović Gordana S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis is the first study on cuticular wax variability of Abies alba, A.×borisii‐regis and A. cephalonica, using 18 native populations from the assumed hybrid zone in the Balkan Peninsula. Presence of 13 n‐alkanes with chain‐lengths ranging from C21 to C33, one primary alcohol, two diterpenes, one triterpene and one sterol was determined in hexane extracts of 269 needle samples. The multivariate statistical analyses at the population level entirely failed in supporting circumscription of Balkan Abies taxa and therefore, in identifying hybrid populations. However, performed at the species level, these analyses revealed a certain tendency of differentiation between A. alba and A. cephalonica, while individuals of A.×borisii‐regis were largely overlapped by the clouds of both parent species. Finally, the correlation analysis suggested that the observed variation of wax compounds was probably genetically conditioned and that it does not represent an adaptive response to various environmental factors.
Feline restrictive orbital myofibroblastic sarcoma treated with toceranib phosphate (Palladia) as adjuvant chemotherapy: A case study of one cat
Authors: Komatsu Hiroyuki , Ueshima Asuka , Kobayashi Yoshitaka , Shimoyama Yumiko , Takiyama Naoaki , Rimpo Kenji 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageThis is the first case report of treatment with toceranib phosphate as postsurgical adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced FROMS. This reported case highlights the need for further studies on the efficacy of toceranib phosphate as adjuvant chemotherapy for FROMS.AbstractFeline restrictive orbital myofibroblastic sarcoma (FROMS) is a rare aggressive tumor in cats. We explored the effectiveness of using toceranib phosphate as postsurgical adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced FROMS in a 7‐year‐old cat. Despite treatment, the cat died 4 months after surgery. This report highlights the need for further studies on the efficacy of toceranib phosphate as adjuvant chemotherapy for FROMS.
Molecular Editing Enhances Oxidation Resistance of Menaquinone‐Targeting Antibiotics Lysocin E and WAP‐8294A2
Authors: Fu Junhao , Nakata Yosuke , Itoh Hiroaki , Panthee Suresh , Hamamoto Hiroshi , Sekimizu Kazuhisa , Inoue Masayuki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLysocin E (1 a) and WAP‐8294A2 (2 a) are peptidic natural products with 37‐ and 40‐membered macrocycles, respectively. Compounds 1 a and 2 a have potent antibacterial activities against Gram‐positive bacteria and share a unique mode of action. The electron‐rich indole ring of d‐Trp‐10 of 1 a and 2 a interacts with the electron‐deficient benzoquinone ring of menaquinone, which is a co‐enzyme in the bacterial respiratory chain. Formation of the electron‐donor‐acceptor complex causes membrane disruption, leading to cell death. Despite the promising activities of 1 a and 2 a, the susceptibility of Trp‐10 to oxidative degradation potentially deters the development of these compounds as antibacterial drugs. To address this issue, we replaced the indole ring with more oxidation‐resistant aromatics having a similar shape and electron‐rich character. Specifically, analogues with benzofuran (1 b/2 b), benzothiophene (1 c/2 c), and 1‐naphthalene (1 d/2 d) rings were designed, and chemically prepared by full solid‐phase total syntheses. Antibacterial assays of the six analogues revealed similar activities of 1 d/2 d and markedly reduced activities of 1 b/2 b and 1 c/2 c compared with 1 a/2 a. Equipotent 1 d and 2 d both showed high resistance to oxidation by peroxyl radicals. Hence, the present study demonstrates a new molecular editing strategy for conferring oxidation stability on natural products with pharmacologically useful functions.
Birth order, sibship size, and risk of atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and atopy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lisik Daniil , Ermis Saliha Selin Özuygur , Ioannidou Athina , Milani Gregorio Paolo , Nyassi Sungkutu , Spolidoro Giulia Carla Immacolata , Kankaanranta Hannu , Goksör Emma , Wennergren Göran , Nwaru Bright Ibeabughichi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis and food allergy are two frequently concomitant manifestations of the presence of atopy. A substantial number of studies have been published on the association of birth order and sibship size (number of siblings) with atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and atopy. The present work is the first systematic synthesis of the existing literature on this topic.MethodsFifteen databases were searched. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by independent pairs. Comparable numerical data were statistically synthesized using random‐effects robust variance estimation.ResultsIn total, 114 studies were included out of 8819 papers obtained from database searches. Birth order ≥2 versus 1 was associated with lower risk of ever atopic dermatitis (pooled risk ratio [RR] 0.91, 95% CI 0.84–0.98), current food allergy (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.66–0.90), and positive skin prick test (SPT) to common aeroallergens (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.77–0.97). Sibship size ≥2 versus 1 was associated with decreased risk of current atopic dermatitis (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83–0.98), ever atopic dermatitis (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.86–0.97), and positive SPT to common aeroallergens (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83–0.92). No putative associations were seen regarding atopy assessed through allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E with common allergens.ConclusionThe presence of siblings and being second‐born or later may decrease the lifetime risk of atopic dermatitis and food allergy, albeit marginally. Similar association was seen with SPT sensitization. However, significant protection was not found for IgE sensitization.
Social cognition and adjustment in adult survivors of pediatric central nervous system tumors
Authors: Papini Chiara , Willard Victoria W. , Gajjar Amar , Merchant Thomas E. , Srivastava Deokumar , Armstrong Gregory T. , Hudson Melissa M. , Krull Kevin R. , Brinkman Tara M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSurvivors of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors are at risk for neurocognitive and social difficulties throughout childhood. This study characterized social cognition (perception and reasoning from social cues) and adjustment in adulthood.MethodsA total of 81 adult survivors of pediatric CNS tumors (51% female; mean [SD] age, 28.0 [5.8] years), were recruited across four groups: (1) no radiation therapy (RT) [n = 21], (2) infratentorial (IT) tumors + focal RT [n = 20], (3) IT tumors + craniospinal irradiation [n = 20], and (4) supratentorial tumors + focal RT [n = 20]. Prevalence of social cognitive and adjustment impairments was compared to test norms. Multivariable models examined clinical and neurocognitive predictors of social cognition and its impact on functional outcomes.ResultsSurvivors demonstrated elevated risk of severe social cognitive impairments (social perception Morbidity Ratio [95% CI] 5.70 [3.46–9.20]), but self‐reported few social adjustment problems. Survivors of IT tumors treated with craniospinal irradiation performed nearly 1 SD worse than survivors treated without RT on multiple measures of social cognition (e.g., social perception: β = −0.89, p = .004). Impaired executive functioning and nonverbal reasoning were associated with worse social cognitive performance (e.g., social perception: β = −0.75, p < .001; β = –0.84, p < .001, respectively). Better social perception was associated with higher odds of attaining full‐time employment (odds ratio, 1.52 [1.17–1.97]) and at least some college education (odds ratio, 1.39 [1.11–1.74]).ConclusionsAdult survivors of CNS tumors are at elevated risk of severely impaired social cognition, but do not perceive social adjustment difficulties. Better understanding of potential mechanisms underlying social cognitive deficits may inform intervention targets to promote better functional outcomes for at‐risk survivors.
Influence of Titanium Dioxide Grain Size on Phasic Composition and Lysozyme Adsorption of Hydroxyapatite and Titanium Dioxide Composite Powders—A Thermal Decomposition Study by XRD and SEM Analysis
Authors: Said Sana , Moseke Claus , Elter Patrick 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBiomedical applications make high demands on the development of novel bioactive materials, which are often based on functionalized calcium phosphates (CaPs). In this study, pure nanoscaled hydroxyapatite (HAp) and modified HAp with titanium dioxide (TiO2) with both nano‐ and microparticles are successfully synthesized from the reactants calcium hydroxide and orthophosphoric acid in a wet chemistry reaction. The obtained powders are sintered in a temperature range of 750 °C–1400 °C to study their thermal decomposition behavior. The phase composition and the surface morphology are characterized using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy with element mapping. Lysozyme adsorption experiments reveal significantly higher adsorption on the samples modified with nanoparticles. Sintered samples modified with both TiO2particle sizes show HAp decomposition to β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) as well as the formation of perovskite (CaTiO3) in different portions depending on the TiO2particle size. TiO2nanoparticles support anatase to rutile transformation at lower temperatures than TiO2microparticles. The results show that the examined HAp/TiO2composites may serve as a starter material for tailormade biomaterials with specific composition by variation of the sintering temperature and the TiO2particle size.
Assessing the influence of social capital and innovations on environmental performance of manufacturing SMEs
Authors: Ooi Say Keat , Lee Chan Hua , Amran Azlan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPursuing sustainable development has become a necessity for all types of businesses, including small medium enterprises (SMEs). Owing to the increasing stakeholder pressures towards environmental conservation, innovations may be required given SMEs' limited resources. Drawing upon the resource‐based view, this study aims to shed light on how social capital helps small manufacturing firms to innovate, and how innovations, in turn, enhance their environmental performance. Based on data gathered from 203 small Malaysian manufacturers and analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS‐SEM), the findings emphasised the crucial role of social capital, process innovation and digital innovation in enhancing a small firm's environmental performance. Both process innovation and digital innovation mediate the relationship between social capital and environmental performance, of which digital innovation held a stronger effect. Additionally, findings from the Importance Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) specified that digital innovation has a high importance for environmental performance but showed a low performance. Overall, the model exhibits medium predictive power, and provides theoretical and practical implications for guiding future directions in enhancing the environmental performance of manufacturing SMEs.
Hardware implementation of proposed and conventional PV array reconfiguration techniques to extract maximum power under various shading conditions
Authors: Chavan Vinaya , Mikkili Suresh 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThe unpredictability of partial shadowing impacts the solar photovoltaic system's performance. This results in mismatch losses, reducing the healthy PV module's power output. This paper proposes a new reconfiguration method to increase the power generation of an array by lowering the power losses. A new physical relocation technique named the magic matrix shifting (MMS) method has been introduced in this paper. This work uses MATLAB/Simulink to model a 36, 213w, 6 × 6 PV array construction. Under six different partial shading situations, the performance has been examined based on P‐V, I‐V characteristics, maximum power extraction, power loss, and percentage. For comparison purposes, conventional total‐cross‐tide (TCT) and six other reconfigurations, including sudoku (SK), optimum sudoku (OSK), zig‐zag (ZZ), magic square (MS), sky‐scraper (SS), and novel shade dispersion (NSD) have been considered.