bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of open windows on airborne contamination and its topographical distribution in the dental operatory
Authors: Collins James R. , Rodríguez Nathaly , Soto Silvia , Ionescu Andrei C. , Brambilla Eugenio , Garcia‐Godoy Franklin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAerosols produced by dental handpieces represent a permanent risk of disease transmission in the dental environment. The current study evaluated the effects of natural ventilation (open windows) on Streptococcus mutans airborne contamination by dental handpieces in simulated clinical conditions. A dental phantom was placed on a dental chair at a standard university dental clinic operatory. An S. mutans suspension was infused into the phantom's mouth while an operator performed standardized dental procedures using low (contra‐angle) and high speed (turbine) dental handpieces or an ultrasonic scaler, with windows open or closed. Selective medium Petri dishes were placed in 18 sites of the operatory environment to evaluate contamination topographically. Sites were clustered as: wall, floor, ceiling, dental chair, and cabinet. Contamination was expressed as log10CFU/cm2. A linear mixed model analysis was used, nesting the sites within each ventilation and handpiece combination. Open windows significantly reduced contamination. The high‐speed handpiece provided the highest contamination, followed by the ultrasonic scaler and the low‐speed handpiece. Contamination values were much smaller at the ceiling, and much larger at the chair. Opening windows produced more homogeneous contamination of the operatory compared to closed windows. Natural ventilation during dental procedures decreases contamination and affects its topographical distribution.
A novel de novo HCN2 loss‐of‐function variant causing developmental and epileptic encephalopathy treated with a ketogenic diet
Authors: DiFrancesco Jacopo C. , Ragona Francesca , Murano Carmen , Frosio Anthony , Melgari Dario , Binda Anna , Calamaio Serena , Prevostini Rachele , Mauri Mario , Canafoglia Laura , Castellotti Barbara , Messina Giuliana , Gellera Cinzia , Previtali Roberto , Veggiotti Pierangelo , Milanesi Raffaella , Barbuti Andrea , Solazzi Roberta , Freri Elena , Granata Tiziana , Rivolta Ilaria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMissense variants of hyperpolarization‐activated, cyclic nucleotide‐gated (HCN) ion channels cause variable phenotypes, ranging from mild generalized epilepsy to developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). Although variants of HCN1 are an established cause of DEE, those of HCN2 have been reported in generalized epilepsies. Here we describe the first case of DEE caused by the novel de novo heterozygous missense variant c.1379G>A (p.G460D) of HCN2. Functional characterization in transfected HEK293 cells and neonatal rat cortical neurons revealed that HCN2 p.G460D currents were strongly reduced compared to wild‐type, consistent with a dominant negative loss‐of‐function effect. Immunofluorescence staining showed that mutant channels are retained within the cell and do not reach the membrane. Moreover, mutant HCN2 also affect HCN1 channels, by reducing the Ih current expressed by the HCN1‐HCN2 heteromers. Due to the persistence of frequent seizures despite pharmacological polytherapy, the patient was treated with a ketogenic diet, with a significant and long‐lasting reduction of episodes. In vitro experiments conducted in a ketogenic environment demonstrated that the clinical improvement observed with this dietary regimen was not mediated by a direct action on HCN2 activity. These results expand the clinical spectrum related to HCN2 channelopathies, further broadening our understanding of the pathogenesis of DEE.
The Responsibility of the Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe for Society Today
Authors: Gangloff‐Parmentier Elisabeth 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article explores the potential of the 1973 Leuenberg Agreement – which resulted in the creation of the Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe (CPCE) – for the work and witness of churches in Europe today. Recalling its 50th anniversary not only celebrates the agreement, but also encourages the development of a European‐wide community. Until now, Reformation theology could rely on the fact that Christian influence still had a living role within European culture. Today, however, churches must shape the message of their public mission not only to be heard, but also to win over fellow human beings. Churches need to have a “prophetic” influence and thus engage in advocacy for justice and democracy. This article explores how the CPCE can place its Reformation potential at the service of the peoples of Europe, based on solidarity, commitment, unity, representation, and trust.
Cracking of a functionally graded coating due to sliding contact with heat generation
Authors: Balci Mehmet N. , Dag Serkan , Yildirim Bora 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, the thermal contact problem of a rigid flat punch sliding over functionally graded material (FGM) coating with a surface crack is investigated. The surface of a homogeneous isotropic substrate is ideally coated by FGM. The coefficient of friction on the contact surface is assumed to be constant, and dry Coulomb friction law is applied. The major purpose of this study is to compute the stress intensity factors at the tip of a surface crack under thermomechanical loading. In this perspective, the thermoelastic contact and the surface crack problems are modeled using finite element method. An iterative solution procedure based on finite elements is developed to solve the contact/crack problem until generated frictional heat reach the steady‐state condition. Obtained results are compared to those available in the open literature, and a good agreement is observed. Presented results involve stress intensity factors computed under various thermoelastic sliding conditions.
Delivery of gene therapy in haemophilia treatment centres in the United States: Practical aspects of preparedness and implementation
Authors: Pipe Steven , Douglas Kayla , Hwang Nina , Young Guy , Patel Priya , Fogarty Patrick 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionHaemophilia treatment centres (HTCs) and healthcare providers (HCPs) will need to adapt to a new treatment paradigm with the emergence of adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐based gene therapy for the treatment of haemophilia in adults.AimThis review examines the upcoming patient and institutional journeys, along with practical aspects of preparedness for clinical delivery of gene therapy by HTCs.MethodsBased on our clinical experience and examination of published literature, we explored the parallel journeys for patients and treatment centres to navigate before, during, and after administration of gene therapy.ResultsThe patient journey includes: information gathering; decision making; comprehensive patient assessment; preparation for the infusion itself; short‐ and long‐term monitoring; lifestyle modifications; and the possible need for immunosuppressive treatment. Informed decision‐making may require patient education with extensive discussions and an understanding that not all people with haemophilia will choose or be eligible for gene therapy, although eligibility criteria continue to evolve. The institutional journey includes: consideration of biosafety procedures; planning for product procurement, handling, storage, and administration; development of detailed protocols and guidance documents; contingency planning for immunosuppressive and haemostatic management; consideration of clinical capabilities and staff training needs; coordination of efforts by the full multidisciplinary team; and collaboration between referring, dosing, and follow‐up treatment centres. Documented protocols and guidance documents are pivotal for this complex therapy to ensure safe handling, optimal delivery, and post‐infusion management and follow‐up.ConclusionSuccessful implementation of this new treatment modality will require communication and collaboration among multiple stakeholders.
Caterpillar loss through grassland harvest differs between two related butterfly species of conservation concern
Authors: Scherer Gwydion , Fartmann Thomas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Temperate, semi‐natural grasslands emerged from traditional land use and are recognised for their outstanding biodiversity. However, these grasslands severely declined due to agricultural industrialisation. Accordingly, specialised species of nutrient‐poor grasslands like the closely related butterflies Nickerls Fritillary Melitaea aurelia Nickerl, 1850 and Marsh Fritillary Euphydyras aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) have experienced strong declines in the last century due to grassland loss and deterioration. Here, we studied for the first time the effects of the complete harvest process in grasslands from mowing until the removal of the cut vegetation on the survival of their caterpillars.
To assess survival rates, we sampled larvae of both species and environmental conditions before and after the harvest process and analysed the results using generalised linear mixed‐effects models.
Our study revealed that the harvest process in grasslands mown once by bar mowers resulted in substantial caterpillar loss influenced by (i) growth form of the host plants and (ii) timing of grassland harvest. Accordingly, the host plant of E. aurinia, Succisa prantensis, lost nearly half of its leaves during the harvest process, while late harvesting was especially harmful for caterpillars already commencing hibernation. Overall, E. aurinia had higher losses compared with M. aurelia, and these were most severe in late‐mown moist meadows.
To increase the survival rate of E. aurinia, we recommend mowing before the beginning of hibernation using bar mowers. Complementary, or if mowing is done later, at least 20% of the meadow should be left as an untouched refuge in a spatially rotating manner.
Simply Given: Self‐Gift and Consubstantiality in Aquinas and Social Trinitarianism
Authors: Higgins Michael Joseph 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSocial Trinitarians have long argued that a strong reading of consubstantiality rules out the possibility of anything interpersonal – including interpersonal self‐giving – in God. I argue that, for Aquinas, the claim that all three persons are identical to the same nature is no threat to interpersonal self‐giving. Nor is it merely compatible with interpersonal self‐giving. Instead, it is necessary for the fullest possible self‐giving: if the Father and the Son did not share a single nature, then the Father could not give everything he has to the Son.
Influence of side effect information on patient willingness to take medication: consequences for informed consent and medication adherence
Authors: Barker Jessica M. , Faasse Kate 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMedication side effect information can create negative patient expectations of side effects, but such information is considered crucial to informed consent. The current study investigated the effect of informing participants of different numbers of medication side effects. Willingness to take the medication was highest for those informed of one or four compared with none or 26 side effects, and memory of side effects was also more accurate. Findings suggest that informing patients of some, but not several, side effects may optimise both medication adherence and accuracy of informed consent.
Perceptions of community mental health services among culturally diverse adult Singaporeans with major depressive disorder: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Tan Ronel Xian Rong , Goh Yong Shian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPersons with major depressive disorder (PMDDs) often experience pernicious ramifications on the biopsychosocial aspects of their health. While community mental health services (CMHSs) in Singapore are increasingly leveraged to meet the escalating demand for mental healthcare, shortcomings such as a substantial treatment gap and the lack of holistic, culturally sensitive care have been highlighted. Of note, the perspectives of the service users, which have hardly been studied in the literature, are crucial to our understanding of their needs to continuously improve CMHSs. Accordingly, this qualitative descriptive study explored the perceptions and experiences of community‐dwelling adults with major depressive disorder in their use of CMHSs in Singapore. Seventeen adults with major depressive disorder purposefully sampled from a CMHS provider were interviewed through a semi‐structured guide between October and November 2021. Data analysis via Braun and Clarke's six‐step thematic framework yielded five themes corresponding to three different phases: pre‐CMHS encounter ((i) procrastination to seek help and (ii) factors influencing CMHS utilization); intra‐CMHS encounter ((iii) incongruous perceptions of the impacts on biopsychosocial health and (iv) differing perceptions and experiences of culturally sensitive care); and post‐CMHS encounter ((v) enhancing CMHSs for PMDDs based on end‐users' experiences). Our findings underscore the need to improve the delivery of personalized mental healthcare services, use of settings‐ and culturally‐specific anti‐stigma strategies, and nationwide mental health literacy in symptom recognition and awareness of help‐seeking resources.
Developing a Simple Strategy for Roadside Spring Water Disinfection in Central Appalachia
Authors: Patton Hannah , Krometis Leigh‐Anne , Faulkner Ben B. , Cohen Alasdair , Ling Erin , Sarver Emily 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSeveral studies have highlighted issues of unreliable access to safe drinking water in the Appalachian region. In some cases, residents turn to roadside springs as a practical, and culturally valuable, drinking water source. However, public reliance on roadside springs for potable use can present concerns, as bacterial contamination of spring water has been documented throughout Appalachia. This study aimed to 1) develop a simple, low‐cost protocol using household bleach to inactivate total coliform and E. coli in untreated roadside spring water; 2) provide educational materials at local roadside springs to inform users of this simple treatment strategy; and 3) assess spring user perceptions of the educational materials via a short survey. Laboratory scale trials emulating typical spring water collection and storage conditions investigated the use of household bleach (7.4‐7.5% sodium hypochlorite) for total coliform and E. coli bacteria inactivation and free chlorine residual maintenance in spring water over time. Results showed that 2 drops (approximately 0.10 mL) of household bleach from an eyedropper per 1 gallon of spring water provided adequate total coliform and E. coli disinfection, while maintaining free chlorine levels below typical taste thresholds and providing sufficient residual over a 1‐month trial period. An infographic communicating the disinfection protocol and a corresponding survey were created and distributed at roadside springs in rural regions of southwestern Virginia and southern West Virginia. The majority of spring user survey respondents (80%) reported that the infographic was generally helpful, and over half of respondents stated that they would use the bleach protocol.
Producer Perceptions on the Value and Availability of Water for Irrigation in the Mississippi Delta
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Ashwell Nicolas E. Quintana , Singh Gurbir , Gholson Drew , Locke Martin A. , Krutz L.J. , Cooke Trey 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe agricultural production in the Mississippi Delta is threatened by the water level declines in the Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer (MRVAA). This study assesses the growers’ perceptions of the value and availability of water for irrigation based on data collected in a survey in 2012 in the Delta region of Mississippi, USA. The total cooperation rate for this survey was 79.3%. The results showed that 97.39% (448 out of 460) of respondents believed that water is important for farming in the Delta region of the MRVAA. Fifty‐two percent of the survey respondents agreed that the major cause of groundwater depletion is agricultural irrigation water use. More than 50% of the survey respondents believed there is sufficient water in the Delta region, but it is not managed properly. The value of water for irrigation ranged from $463 to $690 per ha for corn (Zea maysL.), $399 to $615 per ha for soybean (Glycine maxL.), and $223 to $336 per ha for cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.). The majority of the respondents considered that there is a need for regulation of water use to protect the aquifer and ensure water availability in the future.
Phenomenography: An emerging qualitative research design for nursing
Authors: Bayuo Jonathan , Aziato Lydia , Wong Kwan Ching Arkers , Su Jingjing , Abu‐Odah Hammoda , Wong Frances Kam Yuet 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPhenomenography emerged from pedagogy to examine the qualitatively different ways that individuals experience and perceive the same phenomenon. Despite its uniqueness, the uptake of phenomenography in nursing research is still limited. Potentially, this may be related to confusion regarding what the design is about, its philosophical underpinnings and how distinct it is from other qualitative designs.ObjectivesTo offer a better understanding of phenomenography by comparing it with other established qualitative research designs, examining its theoretical foundations, highlighting some studies that have employed the approach in nursing and offering methodological guidance to improve its uptake in nursing.DesignDiscussion paper.FindingsCompared to the traditional qualitative designs employed in nursing, phenomenography has been utilized in fewer studies. The ontological, epistemological and methodological basis of phenomenography highlights it as a distinct design. The strength of phenomenography lies in its emphasis on understanding the collective variations between participants and presenting these holistically as an ‘outcome space’.DiscussionPhenomenography is a distinct qualitative research approach that presents a unique opportunity for nursing to further its use. Issues regarding bracketing, the inclusion of phenomenography studies in qualitative meta‐synthesis and employing a hermeneutic approach to phenomenography are avenues for further work in nursing.Patient and Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Economic demand for auditing services in the “registered” investment management industry
Authors: (Aloke) Ghosh Al , Liu Yang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe hypothesize that the demand for auditing in the registered investment management industry arises from the auditor's ability to act as a solvent indemnifier when outside parties incur losses because of financial misrepresentations. Consistent with this insurance demand, we find that, relative to financial companies, registered investment companies are more likely to retain Big 4 auditors. Restricting the sample to the registered investment management industry, we construct three direct tests of the insurance demand hypothesis. We find that (a) the market share of a Big 4 firm is positively associated with the firm's wealth, (b) changes in audit fees are positively associated with changes in the audit firms’ wealth, and (c) net fund flows increase when clients switch from non‐Big 4 to Big 4 auditors. Our results highlight an unusually high demand for Big 4 auditors in the registered investment industry, which we attribute to the insurance demand for auditing services.
Global patterns of the species richness and distribution of eriophyoid mites: a response to Li et al. 2023
Authors: Ozman‐Sullivan Sebahat K. , Sullivan Gregory T. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe global distribution and diversity of mites, including the species rich and highly host plant‐specific eriophyoid mites, are important questions in biogeography and biodiversity conservation. Here we critique the paper of Li et al. (2023) titled ‘Global patterns and drivers of herbivorous eriophyoid mite species diversity’.LocationGlobalTaxonEriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea)MethodsWe assert that the data set utilized (less than 4,500 eriophyoid species) consisted of only the described extant species, not all extant species. We then provide evidence that the utilised data set represents only a small proportion of the likely global total of eriophyoid species and therefore provides a far from complete representation of their global distribution.ResultsMost collections of extant eriophyoid mites have been conducted in temperate regions where most taxonomic specialists have been active, and not in the largely unstudied tropical regions which contain a very substantial majority of all plant diversity. Most undescribed eriophyoid diversity is therefore highly likely to be found in the tropics. This suggests that the global modelling analyses of Li et al. (2023) were very likely applied to a highly inaccurate data set.Main ConclusionsThe actual global distribution and total number of eriophyoid mite species can only be more reliably estimated by systematic taxonomic studies that cover the entire global distribution of plant diversity, which implies a strong focus on the tropical regions.
Evaluation of low‐energy x‐rays as an alternative to chlorine washing to control internalized foodborne pathogens in lettuce
Authors: Jee Da‐Young , Cha Seung‐Yeon , Ha Jae‐Won 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLow‐energy X‐rays can be used to reduce the number of pathogenic microorganisms in fresh produce, but the efficacy of this process against internalized bacteria in leafy greens has not yet been reported. The leaves of iceberg lettuce were cut into pieces and subjected to vacuum perfusion to force the foodborne pathogen cells into the intercellular spaces within the leaves. Sodium hypochlorite (200–400 ppm) washes were not effective in inactivating internalized bacterial cells from lettuce leaves. In contrast, treatment with 1.5 kGy low‐energy X‐rays reduced Escherichia coli O157: H7, Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes levels by 6.89, 4.48, and 3.22 log CFU/g, respectively. Additionally, the maximum dose of X‐rays did not adversely affect the color or texture of lettuce. These results suggest that low‐energy X‐ray treatment can be used to control internalized and surface‐adhering pathogens in leafy vegetables without affecting product quality.
Settling environmental citizenship: The presentation of self in conservation encounters
Authors: Garcia Rocío M. , Rasmussen Mattias Borg 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFar from a settled fact, environmental citizenship is always in the making. In this article, we analyze how the settlers of a protected area in Patagonia, Argentina, seek to legitimize their claims for natural resources and territory through strategic representations of themselves. The self‐presentation molds not only their own political subjects, but also the public authority of the governing offices. We argue that the legitimization of public institutions is partial and fragmented, allowing settlers to legitimize their claims and become active producers of environmental citizenship. The conservation encounters reproduce social practices, cultural symbols, and governmental artifacts. In this way, they contribute to the affirmation of state authority and the hegemony of the nation‐state through their reproduction of the Patagonian imaginaries, while also curbing the sphere of influence of any particular institution.