bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective evaluation of functional outcomes in 395 patients with an ileal neobladder 1 year after radical cystectomy
Authors: Bahlburg Henning , Schuster Fabian , Tully Karl Heinrich , Butea-Bocu Marius Cristian , Reike Moritz , Roghmann Florian , Noldus Joachim , Mueller Guido 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to report on functional outcomes in a large cohort of patients who underwent inpatient rehabilitation (IR) in a highly specialized, high-volume German urologic rehabilitation center after radical cystectomy (RC) and creation of an ileal neobladder (INB).

Methods
Data for 842 patients, who underwent three weeks of IR after RC and urinary diversion between April 2018 and December 2019 were prospectively collected. INB patients were surveyed on continence and sexual function. Data were collected at 4 weeks (T1), 6 months (T2), and 12 months (T3) after RC. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify predictors of better functional outcomes.

Results
INB was chosen as urinary diversion in 395 patients (357 male, 38 female). Social continence (maximum of one safety pad/24 h) was reported by 78.3% of men and 64.0% of women at T3. Severe incontinence was reported by 27.3% of men and 44.0% of women. Male sex was identified as an independent predictor for the use of no pads at T3 (OR 4.110; 95% CI 1.153–14.655; p = 0.029). Nerve-sparing surgery was identified as an independent predictor both for the use of only a safety pad (OR 1.918; 95% CI 1.031–3.569; p = 0.040) and good erectile function at T3 (OR 4.377; 95% CI 1.582–12.110; p = 0.004).

Conclusion
Urologists should aspire for nerve-sparing surgery. When advising patients before RC, functional outcomes (continence, sexual function) should be given special attention. Women should be counseled on potentially prolonged urinary incontinence.
Independent, neutral, and monotonic collective choice: the role of Suzumura consistency
Authors: Bossert Walter , Cato Susumu , Kamaga Kohei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe examine the impact of Suzumura’s (Economica 43:381–390, 1976) consistency property when applied in the context of collective choice rules that are independent of irrelevant alternatives, neutral, and monotonic. An earlier contribution by Blau and Deb (Econometrica 45:871–879, 1977) establishes the existence of a vetoer if the collective relation is required to be complete and acyclical. The purpose of this paper is to explore the possibilities that result if completeness and acyclicity are dropped and Suzumura consistency is imposed instead. A conceptually similar but logically independent version of the combined axiom that requires the collective decision mechanism to be independent, neutral, and monotonic is employed. In the case of a finite population, we obtain an alternative impossibility theorem if a collective choice rule is assumed to be non-degenerate and a modified no veto requirement is imposed instead of Blau and Deb’s (1977) condition. If the population is countably infinite, the impossibility can be avoided but it resurfaces if our new no veto property is extended to a coalitional variant.
Reduced order model approaches for predicting the magnetic polarizability tensor for multiple parameters of interest
Authors: Elgy James , Ledger Paul D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe magnetic polarizability tensor (MPT) is an economical characterisation of a conducting magnetic object, which can assist with identifying hidden targets in metal detection. The MPT’s coefficients depend on multiple parameters of interest including the object shape, size, electrical conductivity, magnetic permeability, and the frequency of excitation. The computation of the coefficients follow from post-processing an eddy current transmission problem solved numerically using high-order finite elements. To reduce the computational cost of constructing these characterisations for multiple different parameters, we compare three methods by which the MPT can be efficiently calculated for two-dimensional parameter sets, with different levels of code invasiveness. We compare, with numerical examples, a neural network regression of MPT eigenvalues with a projection-based reduced order model (ROM) and a neural network enhanced ROM (POD–NN) for predicting MPT coefficients.
Efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture for secondary constipation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jie Liu , Shiping Liu , Yue Xing , Fuli Zhang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
Secondary constipation refers to constipation that occurs after certain diseases or medications, such as acute stroke or opioids, and the efficacy of electroacupuncture for secondary constipation is controversial. So, this study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture for secondary constipation through a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Method
We retrieved articles from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases up to 28 February 2023. The study was screened strictly according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Revman5.4 was used for quality evaluation; grade rating was used for index evaluation, and stata15.0 was used for data consolidation analysis.

Result
Thirteen randomized controlled studies, involving a total of 1437 people (722 electroacupuncture and 715 control groups), were included in this review. Meta-analysis results indicated that electroacupuncture significantly improved constipation overall response (RR = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.11, 1.55, P < 0.001), reduced defecation straining score (MD =  − 0.46, 95%CI: − 0.67, − 0.251, P < 0.001), increased weekly complete spontaneous bowel movements (MD = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.20, 0.63, P = 0.002), and increased in the weekly spontaneous bowel movements (MD = 0.80, 95%CI (0.49, 01.11), P < 0.001), and electroacupuncture had no effect on change stool consistency score compared (MD =  − 0.03, 95%CI (− 0.38, 0.33), P = 0.88) and did not increase adverse events (RR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.18, 1.44, P = 0.20).

Conclusion
According to the current studies, the overall relief rate of patients with secondary constipation after electroacupuncture treatment was improved, the defecation pressure score was reduced, the weekly natural defecation was more complete, and adverse reactions were not increased. Electroacupuncture therefore shows potential for treating constipation, but more high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Vagus nerve inflammation contributes to dysautonomia in COVID-19
Authors: Woo Marcel S. , Shafiq Mohsin , Fitzek Antonia , Dottermusch Matthias , Altmeppen Hermann , Mohammadi Behnam , Mayer Christina , Bal Lukas C. , Raich Lukas , Matschke Jakob , Krasemann Susanne , Pfefferle Susanne , Brehm Thomas Theo , Lütgehetmann Marc , Schädler Julia , Addo Marylyn M. , Schulze zur Wiesch Julian , Ondruschka Benjamin , Friese Manuel A. , Glatzel Markus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDysautonomia has substantially impacted acute COVID-19 severity as well as symptom burden after recovery from COVID-19 (long COVID), yet the underlying causes remain unknown. Here, we hypothesized that vagus nerves are affected in COVID-19 which might contribute to autonomic dysfunction. We performed a histopathological characterization of postmortem vagus nerves from COVID-19 patients and controls, and detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA together with inflammatory cell infiltration composed primarily of monocytes. Furthermore, we performed RNA sequencing which revealed a strong inflammatory response of neurons, endothelial cells, and Schwann cells which correlated with SARS-CoV-2 RNA load. Lastly, we screened a clinical cohort of 323 patients to detect a clinical phenotype of vagus nerve affection and found a decreased respiratory rate in non-survivors of critical COVID-19. Our data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 induces vagus nerve inflammation followed by autonomic dysfunction which contributes to critical disease courses and might contribute to dysautonomia observed in long COVID.
Elucidation of the mechanism of amyloid A and transthyretin formation using mass spectrometry-based absolute quantification
Authors: Shintani-Domoto Yukako , Ode Koji L. , Nomura Seitaro , Abe Hiroyuki , Ueda Hiroki R. , Sakatani Takashi , Ohashi Ryuji 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAmyloidosis is triggered by the truncation of amyloid precursor proteins, causing organ damages. While previous studies found the truncation of amyloid A (AA) and amyloid transthyretin (ATTR) occurs in C- and N-terminal, respectively, the detailed mechanism of the fibril formation remains unclear. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry is usually applied for a qualitative purpose, and thus quantification of tryptic peptide residue is difficult. We therefore employed a mass spectrometry-based quantification by isotope-labeled cell-free (MS-QBIC) to analyze the truncation processes in amyloid fibrillogenesis of AA and ATTR using the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of autopsy cases. In this study, the process of transthyretin from an 'early fibril state' consisting of full-length ATTR to a 'mature ATTR amyloid fibril' with a truncated low-amyloidogenic segment has been mathematically revealed. The amount of full-length ATTR was nine times higher than in mature fibers. Large cohort studies using MS-QBIC may shed light on the clinical significance of amyloid fibrils.
Risk prediction of second primary malignancies after gynecological malignant neoplasms resection with and without radiation therapy: a population-based surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) analysis
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhang Chan , Xiang Yaoxian , Han Baojuan , Cheng Yurong , Tong Yingying , Yan Dong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The association between post-resection radiotherapy for primary gynecological malignant neoplasms (GMNs) and the development of secondary primary malignancies (SPMs) remains a subject of debate. This study represents the first population-based analysis employing a multivariate competitive risk model to assess risk factors for this relationship and to develop a comprehensive competing-risk nomogram for quantitatively predicting SPM probabilities.

Materials and methods
In our study, data on patients with primary GMNs were retrospectively collected from the Epidemiology, Surveillance and End Results (SEER) database from 1973 to 2015. The incidence of secondary malignant tumors diagnosed at least six months after GMN diagnosis was compared to determine potential risk factors for SPMs in GMN patients using the Fine and Gray proportional sub-distribution hazard model. A competing-risk nomogram was constructed to quantify SPM probabilities.

Results
A total of 109,537 patients with GMNs were included in the study, with 76,675 and 32,862 GMN patients in the training and verification sets, respectively. The competing-risk model analysis identified age, primary tumor location, tumor grade, disease stage, chemotherapy, and radiation as risk factors for SPMs in GMN patients. Calibration curves and ROC curves in both training and verification cohorts demonstrated the predictive accuracy of the established nomogram, which exhibited a good ability to predict SPM occurrence.

Conclusions
This study presents the nomogram developed for quantitatively predicting SPM probabilities in GMN patients for the first time. The constructed nomogram can assist clinicians in designing personalized treatment strategies and facilitate clinical decision-making processes.
Implementation and update of guideline-derived quality indicators for cervical cancer in gynecological cancer centers certified by the German Cancer Society (DKG)
Authors: Stuebs Frederik A. , Beckmann Matthias W. , Fehm Tanja , Dannecker Christian , Follmann Markus , Langer Thomas , Wesselmann Simone 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In 2008, the first gynecological cancer centres were certified by the German Cancer Society (DKG). Guideline-based quality Indicators (QIs) are a core element of the certification process. These QI are defined to assess the quality of care within the centres and can serve to measure the implementation of guideline recommendation. This article aims to give an overview of the developing and updating process of guideline based-QIs for women with cervical cancer and presents the QI results from the certified gynaecological cancer centres.

Methods
The QIs are derived in a multiple step review process and then implemented in the certification data sheet of the certified centres. The first set of QIs created in 2014 was revised in the update process of the S3-Guideline in 2020. QIs are based on strong recommendations of the evidence-based “Guideline for patients with Cervical Carcinoma” (registry-number: 032/033OL).

Results
In total, there are nine guideline-based QIs for cervical cancer. Four QIs are part of the certification process. In the treatment year 2020, 3.522 cases of cervical cancer were treated in 169 centers. The target values for the four QIs were met in at least 95% of the certified centers. In the guideline update in 2020, a new QI was added to the set of QIs “Complete pathological report on conization findings” and the QI “Exenteration” was removed.

Conclusions
QIs derived from strong recommendations of a guideline are an important tool to make essential parts of patient’s care measurable and enable the centers to draw consequences in process optimization. Over the years, the number of certified centers has grown, and the quality was improved. The certification systems is under constant revision to further improve patient’s care in the future, based on the results of the QI re-evaluation.
Targeting cancer stem cells as a strategy for reducing chemotherapy resistance in head and neck cancers
Authors: Dorna Dawid , Paluszczak Jarosław 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the primary cause of a poor prognosis in oncological patients. Researchers identified many possible mechanisms involved in gaining a therapy-resistant phenotype by cancer cells, including alterations in intracellular drug accumulation, detoxification, and enhanced DNA damage repair. All these features are characteristic of stem cells, making them the major culprit of chemoresistance. This paper reviews the most recent evidence regarding the association between the stemness phenotype and chemoresistance in head and neck cancers. It also investigates the impact of pharmacologically targeting cancer stem cell populations in this subset of malignancies.

Methods
This narrative review was prepared based on the search of the PubMed database for relevant papers.

Results
Head and neck cancer cells belonging to the stem cell population are distinguished by the high expression of certain surface proteins (e.g., CD10, CD44, CD133), pluripotency-related transcription factors (SOX2, OCT4, NANOG), and increased activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Chemotherapy itself increases the percentage of stem-like cells. Importantly, the intratumor heterogeneity of stem cell subpopulations reflects cell plasticity which has great importance for chemoresistance induction.

Conclusions
Evidence points to the advantage of combining classical chemotherapeutics with stemness modulators thanks to the joint targeting of the bulk of proliferating tumor cells and chemoresistant cancer stem cells, which could cause recurrence.
The motivation of breast cancer patients to participate in a national randomized control trial
Authors: Wegge-Larsen C. , Mehlsen M. , Jensen A. B. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Clinical trials are essential for development of better cancer care. Therefore, patient willingness to participate in these trials is important. The aim of this study was to assess motivation and thoughts of breast cancer patients concerning participation in a clinical trial.

Methods
Twenty-one patients participated in two semi-structed interviews about participating in a clinical trial testing the efficacy of cryotherapy for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients treated with paclitaxel. The interviews took place before and after the intervention and were coded and categorized following the steps in Braun & Clarke’s thematic analysis to identify motivational factors and experiential themes.

Results
Four overarching themes were identified: (1) reasons to participate in the trial, (2) personal resources, (3) safety, and (4) experience of the randomization. The most frequent reason for participating in the trial was to support research and help others, but many also participated hoping to receive the intervention treatment. The study showed that a surplus of personal resources played an important role when the patients decided to participate in the trial. Differences were found between patients belonging to the intervention and the control group in relation to these themes. Finally, both groups experienced the extra examinations received during the trial as an additional source of safety.

Conclusion
This qualitative study found different factors influencing the experience of participating in a clinical trial, e.g., intervention-status, personal resources, and safety. This knowledge can be valuable when planning future clinical trials involving breast cancer patients.
Thomas Henry Huxley, a stone tablet, coccoliths, and deep-sea sediments in the high Alps
Authors: Bernoulli Daniel , Jenkyns Hugh C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the mid-1850s, Thomas Henry Huxley, who coined the term ‘coccolith’, described their presence in oceanic sediments dredged from the sea floor. Subsequent recognition of their occurrence in the Upper Cretaceous English Chalk, largely unconsolidated pelagic sediment, and similar, more lithified limestones in the Jurassic of the Alps, led to their being considered major rock-forming elements through much of geological time, although they are now known to be limited to the Late Triassic–Recent interval. Unlike Charles Darwin, who did not travel abroad following the voyage of the Beagle, Huxley made a number of trips to Italy and Switzerland and is recorded as a guest in the exclusive Hotel Kursaal Maloja in the Engadin in 1893. While staying there, he made a number of excursions on foot and his presence was thought significant enough that it is recorded in an inscribed granitic stone tablet, erected in 1896, describing him as’the illustrious writer and naturalist’. His rambles would have led him past outcrops of tectonically emplaced true oceanic calcareous sediment of Early Cretaceous age, here shown to have originally contained coccoliths that were largely destroyed under the imprint of Alpine metamorphism of sub-greenschist to greenschist facies. To this extent, Huxley could have come close to recognizing true oceanic sediments exposed on land, but the dissimilarity between these Swiss Alpine deposits and the friable English Chalk would not obviously have led to the investigation of the former for the organisms he had christened as ‘coccoliths’.
Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for cholelithiasis 2021
Authors: Fujita Naotaka , Yasuda Ichiro , Endo Itaru , Isayama Hiroyuki , Iwashita Takuji , Ueki Toshiharu , Uemura Kenichiro , Umezawa Akiko , Katanuma Akio , Katayose Yu , Suzuki Yutaka , Shoda Junichi , Tsuyuguchi Toshio , Wakai Toshifumi , Inui Kazuo , Unno Michiaki , Takeyama Yoshifumi , Itoi Takao , Koike Kazuhiko , Mochida Satoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Japanese Society of Gastroenterology first published evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for cholelithiasis in 2010, followed by a revision in 2016. Currently, the revised third edition was published to reflect recent evidence on the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cholelithiasis conforming to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Following this revision, the present English version of the guidelines was updated and published herein. The clinical questions (CQ) in the previous version were reviewed and rearranged into three newly divided categories: background questions (BQ) dealing with basic background knowledge, CQ, and future research questions (FRQ), which refer to issues that require further accumulation of evidence. Finally, 52 questions (29 BQs, 19 CQs, and 4 FRQs) were adopted to cover the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, complications, and prognosis. Based on a literature search using MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi databases for the period between 1983 and August 2019, along with a manual search of new information reported over the past 5 years, the level of evidence was evaluated for each CQ. The strengths of recommendations were determined using the Delphi method by the committee members considering the body of evidence, including benefits and harms, patient preference, and cost–benefit balance. A comprehensive flowchart was prepared for the diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder stones, common bile duct stones, and intrahepatic stones, respectively. The current revised guidelines are expected to be of great assistance to gastroenterologists and general physicians in making decisions on contemporary clinical management for cholelithiasis patients.
Single position L5-S1 lateral ALIF with simultaneous robotic posterior fixation is safe and improves regional alignment and lordosis distribution index
Authors: Hernandez Nicholas S. , Diaz-Aguilar L. Daniel , Pham Martin H. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Minimally invasive single position lateral ALIF at L5-S1 with simultaneous robot-assisted posterior fixation has technical and anatomic considerations that need further description.

Methods
This is a retrospective case series of single position lateral ALIF at L5-S1 with robotic assisted fixation. End points included radiographic parameters, lordosis distribution index (LDI), complications, pedicle screw accuracy, and inpatient metrics.

Results
There were 17 patients with mean age of 60.5 years. Eight patients underwent interbody fusion at L5-S1, five patients at L4-S1, two patients at L3-S1, and one patient at L2-S1 in single lateral position. Operative times for 1-level and 2-level cases were 193 min and 278 min, respectively. Mean EBL was 71 cc. Mean improvements in L5-S1 segmental lordosis were 11.7 ± 4.0°, L1-S1 lordosis of 4.8 ± 6.4°, sagittal vertical axis of − 0.1 ± 1.7 cm°, pelvic tilt of − 3.1 ± 5.9°, and pelvic incidence lumbar–lordosis mismatch of − 4.6 ± 6.4°. Six patients corrected into a normal LDI (50–80%) and no patients became imbalanced over a mean follow-up period of 14.4 months. Of 100 screws placed in lateral position with robotic assistance, there were three total breaches (two lateral grade 3, one medial grade 2) for a screw accuracy of 97.0%. There were no neurologic, vascular, bowel, or ureteral injuries, and no implant failure or reoperation.

Conclusion
Single position lateral ALIF at L5-S1 with simultaneous robotic placement of pedicle screws by a second surgeon is a safe and effective technique that improves global alignment and lordosis distribution index.