bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reckoning with comparison in the quest for a “better life”: Insights from Cuban and Ecuadorian migration
Authors: Simoni Valerio , Voirol Jérémie , Hjalmarson Elise 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Looking at the trajectories, experiences, and aspirations of Cuban and Ecuadorian migrants living in Spain or who returned to their homeland following the 2008 economic crisis, this article focuses on the quandaries of comparison involved in the appraisal of different places, values, and visions of a “better life”. Our study leads us to move beyond comparison as a method and heuristic commonly based on the juxtaposition of community-based case studies, toward an analysis of how migrants with different backgrounds and trajectories themselves deploy comparison, which helps shed new light on the motives, stakes, and effects of their endeavors. The approach we propose contributes to advancing our understanding of how migrants cope with the dominant comparative scripts and hierarchies that migration activates, notably by either conforming, subverting, or unravelling them. It also draws attention to comparison’s entanglements with issues of choice, belonging, and its experiential and emotional effects, including the suffering it may elicit. A multi-dimensional exploration of the different ways in which comparison plays out among migrant populations opens promising research avenues to understand the ways it informs transnational living and shapes daily experiences and pursuits of a “better life”, while also raising ethical and epistemological questions for comparative field research on migration.
Genetic Variations in Spike Protein and Linking SARS-CoV-2 Variants to Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Rashid Peshnyar M.A. , Salih Gaza F. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has witnessed the emergence of diverse variants of SARS-CoV-2, with spike proteins playing a pivotal role in mutation due to their extracellular projection and exposure to immune system pressures. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 have shown significant variation, ranging from severe symptoms requiring ICU admission or resulting in fatality to asymptomatic cases. This study aims to investigate genetic variations in the spike protein among two distinct groups of SARS-CoV-2 sequences: asymptomatic and ICU/deceased patients. The objective is to explore the viral genetic factors associated with these two clinical outcomes. Our analysis reveals that four spike protein mutations (P26S, D253G, K417N, and D614G) may be partially linked to the ICU/deceased outcome. Additionally, the Omicron and Delta variants exhibit the highest proportions of overall asymptomatic and ICU/deceased patients, respectively. Further evaluation of the ratio of asymptomatic cases to ICU/deceased within a singular variant demonstrates that the Beta and Gamma variants elicit the greatest proportion of asymptomatic and ICU/deceased cases, respectively. In conclusion, our findings suggest a possible association between four spike protein mutations and the outcome of ICU admission or death. The Gamma variants demonstrate greater lethality, while the Delta variants are associated with higher mortality rates.
A study of chronic suppurative otitis media among patients in Damascus Hospital
Authors: Mansour Lyan Mhd Walid , boutros Paula Ehad , Nahas Louei Darjazini 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Otitis media is one of the most common causes of fever in children. The Eustachian tube plays an important role in this disease, and a defect in this tube is found in about 70% of patients who undergo middle ear surgery. The etiology is usually multifactorial. The most common pathogen found in this disease is Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Children most at risk are those with low incomes. Chronic suppurative otitis media presents most of the time with pain and discharge of pus from the ear, although the ear can also be dry. Symptoms that can be found but are not essential for making the diagnosis are hearing impairment, tinnitus, and auditory fullness.
Materials and methods
An observational study of the type of cross-sectional study. This study targeted the patients of Damascus Hospital. Where the sample was randomly selected, about (81) patients were selected who meet specific acceptance criteria, the most important of which is the presence of adequate information in the file, while all patients were excluded according to specific exclusion criteria. Data related to this study were collected using paper questionnaires. The information necessary to fill out these forms was collected by returning to the files of the Auriculares Department in the archives of Damascus Hospital.
Results
In this study, we initially evaluated the distribution of a sample of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media according to sex, and we found that the percentage of females was significantly higher compared to males. We also found a higher incidence of chronic suppurative otitis media in the left ear compared to the right, with a close distribution to a large extent. Persistent otorrhea was the most common symptom. As for the degree of hearing loss among the sample, most of them were suffering from mild hearing loss. We found that central tympanic membrane perforation was more common than marginal perforation
Conclusion and Recommendations
Our study found a high incidence of mixed and conductive hearing loss compared to sensorineural in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media. Hearing loss in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media is often mild to moderate in severity. Surgical management is the ideal and most effective option for chronic suppurative otitis media. Therefore, we recommend working on providing effective treatment options that are commensurate with the degree and pattern of chronic suppurative otitis media, so that they are directed to each individual. And work to reduce the development of risk factors for chronic suppurative otitis media in order to prevent its occurrence.
The space-time architecture variation of the shallow magmatic plumbing systems feeding the Campi Flegrei and Ischia volcanoes (Southern Italy) from halogen constraints
Authors: Balcone-Boissard Hélène , Boudon Georges , Zdanowicz Géraldine , Orsi Giovanni , Webster James D. , Civetta Lucia , D’Antonio Massimo , Arienzo Ilenia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
For active volcanoes, knowledge of the architecture of the plumbing system and the conditions of magma storage prior to an eruption are highly important, given their influence on the eruptive style and, thus, the management of future volcanic crises. Here, chlorine is used as a geobarometer for potassic alkaline magmas at the Campi Flegrei volcanic complex, revealing the shallowest depth of fluid-melt equilibration with respect to Cl. The results for representative fallout deposits of selected explosive eruptions show the existence of a multi-depth equilibration zone through time, including shallow magma storage. We describe evidence for the shallowest zone located at a depth equivalent to 65 MPa for the Agnano Monte Spina eruption (4482–4625 cal. yrs BP), at ~100 MPa for the Pomici Principali (11 915–12 158 cal. yrs BP), and the Astroni 6 (4098–4297 cal. yrs BP) eruptions, and close to 115 MPa for the last explosive eruption of Monte Nuovo (AD 1538). For comparison, the pressure estimated for a possible reservoir feeding the Cretaio eruption of Ischia island (AD 430), the only studied eruption on Ischia, is ~140 MPa. The pressure estimates for the two largest magnitude eruptions, the Campanian Ignimbrite (40 ka) and the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (14.9 ka), are also discussed with respect to available magma withdrawal models. The pressures estimated using the Cl geobarometer for the magma leading to the fallout phases of these two eruptions provide evidence for a low-volume, shallow domain (~40 MPa) for the Plinian phase of the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption and a main, deeper reservoir (~130–165 MPa) for the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff eruption. The inferred shallowest equilibration pressures are interpreted here as corresponding to transitory, short-lived magma apophyses, whose eruption may have been facilitated by optimum tectonic stresses, rheological behavior of the crust, and efficiency of volatile exsolution. Alternatively, these magma apophyses may represent an evolved, crystal-rich ponded magma into which a volatile-rich magma ascending from depth was injected. The transient nature of such very shallow reservoirs is suggested by the short timescales inferred from diffusion modeling on crystals available in the literature for the studied Campi Flegrei eruptions.
The influence of sulfur (S) on Cl solubility is assessed through Cl solubility modeling and applied to different eruptions. In addition, the pressure at which magmatic fluids and melts equilibrated with respect to Cl is shallower for the Campi Flegrei volcanic complex than the Somma-Vesuvio volcanic complex, erupting more homogeneous differentiated magma, of trachytic or phonolitic composition. This approach of using Cl to investigate the architecture of the plumbing system can be extended to all alkali-rich magma systems.
Exploratory Study of Differentially Expressed Genes of Peripheral Blood
Monocytes in Patients with Carotid Atherosclerosis
Authors: Chen Juhai , Xu Fengyan , Mo Xiangang , Cheng Yiju , Wang Lan , Yang Hui , Li Jiajing , Zhang Shiyue , Zhang Shuping , Li Nannan , Cao Yang 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The abundance of circulating monocytes is closely associated with the
development of atherosclerosis in humans.

Objective:
This study aimed to further research into diagnostic biomarkers and targeted treatment
of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS).

Methods:
We performed transcriptomics analysis through weighted gene co-expression network
analysis (WGCNA) of monocytes from patients in public databases with and without CAS. Differentially
expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by R package limma. Diagnostic molecules were
derived by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machine
recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithms. NetworkAnalyst, miRWalk, and Star-
Base databases assisted in the construction of diagnostic molecule regulatory networks. The Drug-
Bank database predicted drugs targeting the diagnostic molecules. RT-PCR tested expression profiles.

Results:
From 14,369 hub genes and 61 DEGs, six differentially expressed monocyte-related hub
genes were significantly associated with immune cells, immune responses, monocytes, and lipid
metabolism. LASSO and SVM-RFE yielded five genes for CAS prediction. RT-PCR of these
genes showed HMGB1 was upregulated, and CCL3, CCL3L1, CCL4, and DUSP1 were downregulated
in CAS versus controls. Then, we constructed and visualized the regulatory networks of
9 transcription factors (TFs), which significantly related to 5 diagnostic molecules. About 11
miRNAs, 19 lncRNAs, and 39 edges centered on four diagnostic molecules (CCL3, CCL4,
DUSP1, and HMGB1) were constructed and displayed. Eleven potential drugs were identified, including
ibrutinib, CTI-01, roflumilast etc.

Conclusion:
A set of five biomarkers were identified for the diagnosis of CAS and for the study of
potential therapeutic targets.
Unlocking New Approaches to Urolithiasis Management Via
Nutraceuticals
Authors: Singh Ravindra Pal , Mishra Anurag , Chandel Shailendra Singh , Agarwal Mohit , Chawra Himmat Singh , Singh Mithilesh , Dubey Gaurav 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Urolithiasis, commonly known as kidney stones, is characterized by the formation of
hard deposits in the urinary tract. These stones can cause severe pain and discomfort, and their
management typically involves a combination of medical interventions and lifestyle modifications.
According to the literature, 30% and 50% of urolithiasis cases recur. Between 9 and 12% of persons
in industrialised countries are predicted to have urolithiasis at some time. Due to the high
frequency of stone formation, recurrent nature, and prevalence in adults, it has a significant impact
on society, the person, and the health care system. Adopting the best prophylactic measures is
crucial in light of these developments to decrease the impact of urolithiasis on individuals and
society. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the potential role of nutraceuticals in
the management of urolithiasis. Nutraceuticals, such as herbal extracts, vitamins, minerals, and
probiotics, have gained recognition for their potential in promoting urinary health and reducing the
risk of urolithiasis. These compounds can aid in various ways, including inhibiting crystal formation,
enhancing urine pH balance, reducing urinary calcium excretion, and supporting kidney
function. Additionally, nutraceuticals can help alleviate symptoms associated with urolithiasis,
such as pain and inflammation. While medical interventions remain crucial, incorporating
nutraceuticals into a comprehensive management plan can offer a holistic approach to urolithiasis,
improving patient outcomes and quality of life. Therefore, nutraceuticals may be a desirable
choice for treating and avoiding recurring urolithiasis for patients and medical professionals.
Therefore, the present study has focused on nutraceuticals' role in preventing urolithiasis.
Natural Polyphenols in Cancer Management: Promising Role,
Mechanisms, and Chemistry
Authors: Upadhyay Prabhat Kumar , Singh Sonia , Vishwakarma Vishal Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Although cancers emerge rapidly and cancer cells divide aggressively,
which affects our vital organ systems. Recently, cancer treatments are targeted immune systems
mediating intrinsic cellular mechanisms. Natural efficacious polyphenols have been exhibited to
help prevent most cancers and reverse the progression of cancers.

Methods:
Many resources have been used to know the promising role of polyphenols in preventing
and treating cancers. The electronic databases include Science Direct, Google, Google
Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. The search was limited to the English language only.

Results:
Polyphenols have been reported as anti-metastatic agents that explore the promising
role of these compounds in cancer prevention. Such agents act through many signaling pathways,
including PI3K/Akt and TNF-induced signaling pathways. The chemical modifications of
polyphenols and the structure-activity relationships (SARs) between polyphenols and anticancer
activities have also been discussed.

Conclusion:
Many research papers were reported to explain the anti-cancer potential of Polyphenols,
The SARs between polyphenols and anti-cancer activities, which correlate structures
of polyphenols with significant chemotherapeutic action. The mechanism of anti-cancer potential
is to be added for searching for new anti-cancer natural products.
Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Cyperus conglomeratus Root
Extract Inhibit Osteogenic Differentiation of Immortalized Mesenchymal
Stromal Cells
Authors: Alshamsi Mohamed A. H. , Mosa Kareem A. , Khan Amir Ali , Mousa Muath , Ali Muna A. , Soliman Sameh S.M. , Semreen Mohammad H. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a focus of huge interest in biological
research, including stem cell research. AgNPs synthesized using Cyperus conglomeratus root extract
have been previously reported but their effects on mesenchymal stromal cells have yet to be
investigated.

Objectives:
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of C. conglomeratus-derived AgNPs
on adipogenesis and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stromal cells.

Methods:
AgNPs were synthesized using C. conglomeratus root extract, and the phytochemicals
involved in AgNPs synthesis were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS).
The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs was tested on telomerase-transformed immortalized human
bone marrow-derived MSCs-hTERT (iMSC3) and human osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63) using
MTT and apoptosis assays. The uptake of AgNPs by both cells was confirmed using inductively
coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Furthermore, the effect of AgNPs on
iMSC3 adipogenesis and osteogenesis was analyzed using stain quantification and reverse transcription-
quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results:
The phytochemicals predominately identified in both the AgNPs and C. conglomeratus
root extract were carbohydrates. The AgNP concentrations tested using MTT and apoptosis assays
(0.5-64 µg/ml and 1,4 and 32 µg/ml, respectively) showed no significant cytotoxicity on iMSC3
and MG-63. The AgNPs were internalized in a concentration-dependent manner in both cell types.
Additionally, the AgNPs exhibited a significant negative effect on osteogenesis but not on adipogenesis.

Conclusion:
C. conglomeratus-derived AgNPs had an impact on the differentiation capacity of
iMSC3. Our results indicated that C. conglomeratus AgNPs and the associated phytochemicals
could exhibit potential medical applications.
Unfolded Protein Response Signaling in Hepatic Stem Cell Activation in
Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Salimi Zohreh , Rostami Mehdi , Milasi Yaser Eshaghi , Mafi Alireza , Raoufinia Ramin , Kiani Amirhossein , Sakhaei Fariba , Ghezelbash Behrooz , Butler Alexandra E. , Mohammad-Sadeghipour Maryam , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Frequent exposure to various external and internal adverse forces (stresses) disrupts cell
protein homeostasis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) capacity saturation. This process leads to
the unfolded protein response (UPR), which aims to re-establish/maintain optimal cellular equilibrium.
This complex mechanism is involved in the pathogenesis of various disorders, such as
metabolic syndrome, fibrotic diseases, neurodegeneration, and cancer, by altering cellular
metabolic changes integral to activating the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). The development of hepatic
fibrosis is one of the consequences of UPR activation. Therefore, novel therapies that target
the UPR pathway effectively and specifically are being studied. This article covers the involvement
of the UPR signaling pathway in cellular damage in liver fibrosis. Investigating the pathogenic
pathways related to the ER/UPR stress axis that contribute to liver fibrosis can help to guide future
drug therapy approaches.
Advanced Oral Drug Delivery Systems for Combating and Preventing Paediatric Periodontal Disease
Authors: Frank Amanda , Singh Preet Amol , Singh Komal , Arora Saahil , Sharma Rajiv , Bajwa Neha 
Published: August 2023

:
The oral route is the most common route of administration of drugs. Over 90% of all the available
marketed pharmaceutical products are oral formulations. Oral drugs are used in different courses of
treatment including the prevention of tooth decay. Tooth decay is the permanent damage of the enamel
which leads to the formation of cavities. It can be prevented with good oral hygiene and enough fluorides
in the body. Fluorides can be administered both topically (toothpastes) and systemically (supplements).
Fluoride supplements fall under oral drug delivery systems. They come in the form of tablets, lozenges,
and liquids. However, challenges are faced when it comes to oral drug delivery in children. The development
of paediatric drugs is a difficult undertaking since many pharmaceutically active compounds have
low water solubility, instability, or an unpleasant taste. Children are unable to tolerate bitter or unpleasant-
tasting formulations, as well as huge pills and capsules. Due to various biological, biochemical, and
physical barriers faced by oral drug delivery systems, new approaches have been developed to address
these challenges such as the application of nanotechnology in drug development. Jellies for oral administration
on the other hand are a new approach for the delivery of drugs with bitter tastes as well as for age
groups such as children and elders. They are clear, translucent, or non-greasy semisolid products that can
be used both externally and internally. In-depth, aspects of these factors will be discussed in this review
paper including oral dosage forms for paediatrics, tooth decay and its pathogenesis, preventive measures
and setbacks of each measure as well as the future perspectives.
Dietary Factors Associated with Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Zakarneh Sara , Khial Yasmin , Tayyem Reema 
Published: August 2023

:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that results from the au-toimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. It is a common chronic disease in childhood, with a prevalence of 1 in 300 children in the United States and an increasing incidence of 2-5% annually, worldwide. Managing T1DM requires regular insulin administration, adjustment of food intake and exercise, and a comprehensive understanding of nutri-tion. This review aims to explore the relationship between dietary factors, physical activity, obesity, genetics, and glycemic control in children and adolescents with T1DM. To conduct this review, we conducted a thorough search of publications from December 2004 through April 2022 using Pub-Med, ScienceDirect, and Embase databases. Key topics included obesity, children, adolescents, nu-trients, carbohydrates, proteins, fat, water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins, dietary patterns, fruits and vegetables, physical activity, genetics, food habits, carbohydrate count and environmental factors.
The Effect of Shared Decision-making on Decision Self-efficacy and
Decisional Conflict of Women with Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial
Lesion in Cervical Cytology: An Experimental Study
Authors: Baharvand Saba , Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohammad , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Jahdi Niloufar Sattarzadeh , Mehrabi Esmat , Shamsdanesh Shiva 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Women often face decisional challenges and hesitation while choosing the appropriate method to follow up on their abnormal results of cervix cytology.

Objective:
The present study aimed to determine the effect of shared decision-making (SDM) on decision self-efficacy (DSE) and decisional conflict (DC) about follow-up methods among women with abnormal cervix cytology results.

Methods:
This interventional study was performed on 54 women referred to the subspecialty clinic of gynecologic oncology. The women were assigned into intervention and control groups using a randomized block design with block sizes of 4 and 6 and an allocation ratio of 1:1. The intervention group received counseling based on the SDM and a decision aid (DA) booklet. The data collection tools included the questionnaires of the demographic and obstetrics characteristics, DC, DSE, and Decision Regret. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS24 software, and independent t-tests and ANCOVA were used.

Results:
After the intervention, the total mean score of the DC in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group [MD: -22.84 with 95% CI: -23.52 to -21.95, (P <0.001)]. The mean score of DSE in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group [MD: 14.56 with 95% CI: 21.47 to 7.65, (P <0.001)].

Conclusion:
The present study results indicated that counseling based on the SDM effectively promotes DSE and reduces DC among women with minor abnormal cervical cytology. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare providers use SDM for women with abnormal cervical cancer screening results.