bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manipulating Physicochemical Properties of Biosensor Platform with Polysuccinimide‐Silica Nanocomposite for Enhanced Protein Detection
Authors: Saleh Rabi Ibrahim , Kim Suntae , Lee Sang‐Hyeon , Kwon Hyukjoo , Jeong Hoon Eui , Cha Chaenyung 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs point‐of‐care testing (POCT) is becoming the new paradigm of medical diagnostics, there is a growing need to develop reliable POCT devices that can be conveniently operated in a minimally invasive manner. However, the clinical potential of POCT diagnostics is yet to be realized, mainly due to the limited and inconsistent amount of collected samples on these devices, undermining their accuracy. This study proposes a new biosensing platform modified with a functional polysuccinimide (PSI)‐silica nanoparticle (SNP) composite system that can substantially increase the protein conjugation efficiency by modulating physicochemical interaction with proteins by several hundred percent from an unmodified device. The efficacy of this PSI‐SNP system is further validated by applying it on the surface of a microneedle array (MN), which has emerged as a promising POCT device capable of accessing interstitial fluid through minimal penetration of the skin. This PSI‐SNP MN is demonstrated to detect a wide array of proteins with high sensitivity on par with conventional whole serum analysis, validated by in vivo animal testing, effectively displaying broad applicability in biomedical engineering.
Quantitative Mapping of Chemical Defects at Charged Grain Boundaries in a Ferroelectric Oxide
Authors: Hunnestad Kasper A. , Schultheiß Jan , Mathisen Anders C. , Ushakov Ivan N. , Hatzoglou Constantinos , van Helvoort Antonius T. J. , Meier Dennis 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPolar discontinuities, as well as compositional and structural changes at oxide interfaces can give rise to a large variety of electronic and ionic phenomena. In contrast to earlier work focused on domain walls and epitaxial systems, this work investigates the relation between polar discontinuities and the local chemistry at grain boundaries in polycrystalline ferroelectric ErMnO3. Using orientation mapping and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques, the polycrystalline material is demonstrated to develop charged grain boundaries with enhanced electronic conductance. By performing atom probe tomography (APT) measurements, an enrichment of erbium and a depletion of oxygen at all grain boundaries are found. The observed compositional changes translate into a charge that exceeds possible polarization‐driven effects, demonstrating that structural phenomena rather than electrostatics determine the local chemical composition and related changes in the electronic transport behavior. The study shows that the charged grain boundaries behave distinctly different from charged domain walls, giving additional opportunities for property engineering at polar oxide interfaces.
A Single‐Molecule Bioelectronic Portable Array for Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer Precursors
Authors: Genco Enrico , Modena Francesco , Sarcina Lucia , Björkström Kim , Brunetti Celestino , Caironi Mario , Caputo Mariapia , Demartis Virginia Maria , Di Franco Cinzia , Frusconi Giulia , Haeberle Lena , Larizza Piero , Mancini Maria Teresa , Österbacka Ronald , Reeves William , Scamarcio Gaetano , Scandurra Cecilia , Wheeler May , Cantatore Eugenio , Esposito Irene , Macchia Eleonora , Torricelli Fabrizio , Viola Fabrizio Antonio , Torsi Luisa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA cohort of 47 patients is screened for pancreatic cancer precursors with a portable 96‐well bioelectronic sensing‐array for single‐molecule assay in cysts fluid and blood plasma, deployable at point‐of‐care (POC). Pancreatic cancer precursors are mucinous cysts diagnosed with a sensitivity of at most 80% by state‐of‐the‐art cytopathological molecular analyses (e.g., KRASmut DNA). Adding the simultaneous assay of proteins related to malignant transformation (e.g., MUC1 and CD55) is deemed essential to enhance diagnostic accuracy. The bioelectronic array proposed here, based on single‐molecule‐with‐a‐large‐transistor (SiMoT) technology, can assay both nucleic acids and proteins at the single‐molecule limit‐of‐identification (LOI) (1% of false‐positives and false‐negatives). It comprises an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)‐like 8 × 12‐array organic‐electronics disposable cartridge with an electrolyte‐gated organic transistor sensor array, and a reusable reader, integrating a custom Si‐IC chip, operating via software installed on a USB‐connected smart device. The cartridge is complemented by a 3D‐printed sensing gate cover plate. KRASmut, MUC1, and CD55 biomarkers either in plasma or cysts‐fluid from 5 to 6 patients at a time, are multiplexed at single‐molecule LOI in 1.5 h. The pancreatic cancer precursors are classified via a machine‐learning analysis resulting in at least 96% diagnostic‐sensitivity and 100% diagnostic‐specificity. This preliminary study opens the way to POC liquid‐biopsy‐based early diagnosis of pancreatic‐cancer precursors in plasma.
Identifying a Universal Activity Descriptor and a Unifying Mechanism Concept on Perovskite Oxides for Green Hydrogen Production
Authors: Guan Daqin , Xu Hengyue , Zhang Qingwen , Huang Yu‐Cheng , Shi Chenliang , Chang Yu‐Chung , Xu Xiaomin , Tang Jiayi , Gu Yuxing , Pao Chih‐Wen , Haw Shu‐Chih , Chen Jin‐Ming , Hu Zhiwei , Ni Meng , Shao Zongping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProducing indispensable hydrogen and oxygen for social development via water electrolysis shows more prospects than other technologies. Although electrocatalysts have been explored for centuries, a universal activity descriptor for both hydrogen‐evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen‐evolution reaction (OER) is not yet developed. Moreover, a unifying concept is not yet established to simultaneously understand HER/OER mechanisms. Here, the relationships between HER/OER activities in three common electrolytes and over ten representative material properties on 12 3d‐metal‐based model oxides are rationally bridged through statistical methodologies. The orbital charge‐transfer energy (Δ) can serve as an ideal universal descriptor, where a neither too large nor too small Δ (≈1 eV) with optimal electron‐cloud density around Fermi level affords the best activities, fulfilling Sabatier's principle. Systematic experiments and computations unravel that pristine oxide with Δ ≈ 1 eV possesses metal‐like high‐valence configurations and active lattice‐oxygen sites to help adsorb key protons in HER and induce lattice‐oxygen participation in the OER, respectively. After reactions, partially generated metals in the HER and high‐valence hydroxides in the OER dominate proton adsorption and couple with pristine lattice‐oxygen activation, respectively. These can be successfully rationalized by the unifying orbital charge‐transfer theory. This work provides the foundation of rational material design and mechanism understanding for many potential applications.
Modulation of the Transient Magnetization of an EuO/Co Bilayer Tuned by Optical Excitation
Authors: Mönkebüscher David , Rosenberger Paul , Mertens Fabian , Adam Roman , Schneider Claus M. , Parlak Umut , Müller Martina , Cinchetti Mirko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe magnetic proximity effect provides a promising way to increase the low Curie temperature (TC) of europium monoxide (EuO) toward or even above room temperature, while keeping its stoichiometry and insulating properties. This work studies EuO/Co bilayers using static and time‐resolved magneto‐optical Kerr effect measurements, and explores the influence of magnetic proximity on TC and on the spin dynamics in EuO. Excitation above the EuO bandgap results in an ultrafast enhancement of the EuO magnetization followed by a demagnetization within nanoseconds. This behaviour is also visible upon selectively photoexciting Co in the EuO/Co bilayer placed in an out‐of‐plane magnetic field, which is attributed to propagation of a superdiffusive spin current from Co into EuO. As the spin dynamics of Co shows a transient thermal demagnetization, the bilayer provides a system where the transient magneto‐optical signal can be tuned in amplitude and sign by varying external parameters such as the sample temperature or pump fluence. Moreover, in a strong excitation regime it is possible to measure the magnetic hysteresis of the underlying EuO, which is present up to room temperature – giving experimental evidence for the presence of a tuneable magnetic proximity coupling between Co and EuO.
Morphology Control of Two dimensional (2D) Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets via 1 nm Thick Hexagonal Hydroxide Nanosheets through Variable Reaction Parameters
Authors: Pathak Agamoni , Hatakeyama Kazuto , Ida Shintaro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTwo different shaped Ni‐based metal–organic framework (MOF) nanosheets are prepared from hexagonal nickel hydroxide monolayer nanosheets under the variable reaction conditions. The hexagonal shaped MOF with similar lateral size to Ni(OH)2 nanosheet is obtained on flat Si substrate but the thickness increased from 1 to 2 nm. Another rectangular MOF nanosheet is obtained when a similar reaction is carried out in a solution in which Ni(OH)2 is dispersed. The difference in the shape of the Ni‐MOF nanosheets is related to the degree of dissolution of the Ni(OH)2 nanosheets during the reaction.
Investigations of Three‐Layer Systems Intended for Protective Clothing for Prematurely Born Babies
Authors: Wilgocka Karolina , Krucińska Izabella , Skrzetuska Ewa , Sujka Witold 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOne of the most significant problems occurring among premature babies is high transepidermal water loss and associated heat loss. To prevent this problem protective clothing for premature babies is developed which consists of a membrane that allows partial transmission of water vapor, combined with other textile materials. The purpose of this work is to characterize two pre‐selected three‐layer systems in terms of biophysical properties that fulfill their requirements for premature infants. Samples of materials are investigated to determine biophysical comfort (tests of thermal resistance, water vapor resistance and air permeability), mass per unit area and thickness. In order to visualize the structure and chemical composition of the tested materials, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were performed. The mechanical properties of the investigated materials and the evaluation of the total hand value were also characterized; the samples were tested on a Kawabata Evaluation System (KES) device. Protective garments designed for premature babies should be characterized by high thermal insulation and moisture barrier properties. In addition, it should have optimal air permeability properties and fairly low surface weight in order not to burden the baby's delicate skin.
Cellulose‐Assisted Formation of 2D Hybrid Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals with Enhanced Stability for Light‐Emitting Devices
Authors: Ramos‐Terrón Susana , Spitzer Lea , Martín Cristina , Solano Eduardo , Hermida‐Merino Daniel , Lecommandoux Sébastien , Jérôme François , Cramail Henri , Argudo Pablo G. , de Miguel Gustavo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA common approach to enhance the stability of metal halide perovskites (MHPs) implemented in optical and optoelectronic devices is to incorporate polymer additives into the perovskite layer. A β‐(1,4) cellulose oligosaccharide (COS) synthesized by mechanocatalytic depolymerization of cellulose has been incorporated to films of the BA2MA4Pb5I16 (BA = n‐butylammonium and MA = methylammonium) two‐dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden‐Popper (RP) hybrid perovskite. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images displayed a three‐fold reduction of the 2D RP perovskite grains (≈30–40 nm), close to the quantum confinement scale. The analysis of the dark J–V curves of single carrier devices by using the space charge limited current (SCLC) method resulted in a rise of the defect concentration. A notable 14‐fold increase in the photoluminescence (PL) signal at high COS content is detected. Moreover, the analysis of the temperature dependence PL measurements (80–300 K) resulted in a larger exciton binding energy, Eb = 180 to 370 meV, at high COS content. Light emitting diodes of the 2D RP perovskites (PeLEDs) are fabricated w/o the COS compound. The stability test performed under operation (5 V) displays 20 times higher operational lifetimes at high COS content while the luminance is also increased in the devices with the COS compound.
Efficient, Multicolored, and Stable Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence Doped Materials Based on a Lead Halide Matrix: A Coordination‐Driven Doping Strategy
Authors: Zhang Bo‐Lun , Zhang Pei‐Pei , Ni Ai‐Yun , Zhang Jian‐Jun , Wang Hui‐Yu , Feng Ke‐Xin , Liu Shuqin , Zhao Zongbin , Duan Chunying 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRoom temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have wide applications, and guest/host doping is an important method to achieve RTP. Although weak host–guest interactions (such as hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking) are considered to play a key role in inducing RTP in most doped systems (DSs), stronger and facile coordination bonds can achieve RTP more effectively and are believed to do so in DSs in related research. However, there is a lack of solid experimental evidence. Herein a new stable ligand‐modified lead halide (PCB) is synthesized and used as matrix to prepare RTP NA/PCB DSs with naphthalene derivatives (NA) as guests. Remarkably, a coordination bond between host and guest is experimentally demonstrated and revealed to play a decisive role in the generation of efficient RTP. On this basis, a coordination‐driven doping strategy is proposed to achieve efficient, multicolored, and long‐lived RTP of the DSs. In addition, NA/PCB shows excellent RTP stability and can be used in advanced security encryption, white light emitting diodes, and phosphorescent temperature sensors. This work not only proves the important role of coordination bonds in the RTP DSs, but also shows the potential of the ligand‐modified lead halide matrix as the host material of RTP.
Graphene Lithography Based on Laser Reduction and Plasma Oxidization for Rewritable Hologram Imaging
Authors: Wan Zhengfen , Zhang Keer , He Yu , Lin Dajun , Dong Hao , Dong Yibo , Zhang Qiwen , Fang Xinyuan , Chen Xi , Gu Min 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGraphene lithography is crucial for various graphene‐based devices, showing considerable potential in the fields of energy, environment, electronics, and optics. Recent reports show that graphene can be facilely fabricated and simultaneously patterned without masks via laser direct writing on a graphene oxide (GO) film. Thus, this laser‐reduced graphene oxide (LRGO) is successfully applied for graphene holograms with advantages of being ultra‐thin, wide‐angle viewing, and full‐color display. However, owing to the absence of an effective approach for oxidizing LRGO, the graphene holograms are only written once, not rewritable. This study demonstrates that LRGO can be oxidized with oxygen plasma treatment, enabling the development of rewritable graphene holograms through laser reduction and plasma oxidization. Laser irradiation can directly reduce GO and simultaneously achieve patterning. The oxygen plasma treatment gradually oxidizes and removes the as‐prepared LRGO. Using a computer‐calculated hologram pattern, the laser system can manufacture a thin graphene hologram in seconds. The fabricated graphene hologram image can be erased with oxygen plasma treatment, preparing the GO film for new hologram writing. This facile, low‐cost, erasable graphene lithography process paves the way for various graphene applications in metasurfaces, device fabrication, imaging, data storage, and displays.
Au(I)‐TADF Emitters for High Efficiency Full‐Color Vacuum‐Deposited OLEDs and TADF‐Sensitized Fluorescent OLEDs with Ultrahigh Brightness and Prolonged Operational Lifetime
Authors: Tang Rui , Xu Shuo , Du Lili , Hung Faan‐Fung , Lam Tsz‐Lung , Cheng Gang , Low Kam‐Hung , Wan Qingyun , Wu Siping , Chen Yong , Che Chi‐Ming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHerein a class of structurally simple and operationally stable Au(I)‐TADF (TADF = thermally activated delayed fluorescence) materials, based on a carbene–metal–amide (CMA) molecular scaffold comprised of sterically bulky N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands with N‐heterocyclic π‐annulation, are reported. These CMA(Au) emitters are thermally stable, adopt coplanar or orthogonal geometry between the carbene and amide ligands, and show strong blue to deep red TADF emissions (466–666 nm) from thermally equilibrated singlet ligand‐to‐ligand‐charge‐transfer excited states with emission quantum yields of 0.63–0.99 and radiative decay rate constants of 0.68–3.2 × 106 s−1 in thin film samples at room temperature. The effects of increasing π‐extension and orthogonal molecular geometry are similarly manifested in the reduction of both singlet–triplet energy gap and S1 transition dipole moment. The vacuum‐deposited Au(I) organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) display superior electroluminescence characterized by ultrahigh brightness up to 300 000 cd m−2 and external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) up to 26.2% with roll‐offs down to 2.6% at 1000 cd m−2 alongside record‐setting device lifetimes (LT95) up to 2082 h. Ultrapure‐green TADF‐sensitized fluorescent OLEDs employing the CMA(Au) emitter as sensitizer and a multiresonance terminal emitter achieve EQEs of up to 25.3%.
MgSiP2: An Infrared Nonlinear Optical Crystal with a Large Non‐Resonant Phase‐Matchable Second Harmonic Coefficient and High Laser Damage Threshold
Authors: He Jingyang , Guan Yingdong , Trinquet Victor , Brunin Guillaume , Wang Ke , Robinson Robert , Zu Rui , Yoshida Suguru , Lee Seng Huat , Wang Yu , Zhu Yanglin , Rignanese Gian‐Marco , Mao Zhiqiang , Gopalan Venkatraman 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSuperior infrared nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals are in urgent demand in the development of lasers and optical technologies for communications and computing. The critical challenge is to find a crystal with large non‐resonant phase‐matchable NLO coefficients and high laser damage threshold (LDTs) simultaneously, which however scale inversely. This work reports such a material, MgSiP2,that exhibits a large second harmonic generation (SHG) coefficient ofd14≈d36= 89 ± 5 pm V−1at 1550 nm fundamental wavelength, surpassing the commercial NLO crystals AgGaS2, AgGaSe2, and ZnGeP2. First principles theory reveals the polarizability and geometric arrangement of the [SiP4] tetrahedral units as the origin of this large nonlinear response. Remarkably, it also exhibits a high LDT value of 684 GW cm−2, which is six times larger than ZnGeP2and three times larger than CdSiP2. It has a wide transparency window of 0.53–10.35 µm, allowing broadband tunability. Further, it is Type I and Type II phase‐matchable with large effective SHG coefficients ofdeff,I≈80.2 pm V−1anddeff,II≈73.4 pm V−1. The outstanding properties of MgSiP2make it a highly attractive candidate for optical frequency conversion in the infrared.
The Etching Mechanisms of Diamond, Graphite, and Amorphous Carbon by Hydrogen Plasma: A Reactive Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Zhang Dongliang , Zhang Libin , Yang Bo , Gan Zhiyin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how hydrogen plasma etches various potential products during the diamond growth process can contribute to improving the knowledge of diamond growth. However, due to the absence of an in situ characterization technique during the etching process, the complex chemical reactions involved in the process obscure the atomic‐scale etching mechanisms. In this paper, the etching mechanisms of diamond (001), graphite (0001), and amorphous carbon substrates irradiated by hydrogen plasmas are investigated and compared using molecular dynamics simulations based on ReaxFF. When the incident energy of H atoms is 1 eV, the rate of carbon loss from graphite and amorphous carbon are far higher than that from diamond. As the incident energy of H atoms increases, the etching rate of diamond shows a slow increase, while the etching rates of amorphous carbon and graphite exhibit more significant increases. It can be concluded that the etching rate of diamond is significantly lower than that of graphite and amorphous carbon under H plasma. In the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) process of diamond growth, the generated graphite and amorphous carbon are rapidly etched, leaving only diamond. This offers a plausible explanation for the growth mechanism of diamond through CVD.
Melatonin Engineering M2 Macrophage‐Derived Exosomes Mediate Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Immune Reprogramming for Periodontitis Therapy
Authors: Cui Ya , Hong Shebin , Xia Yunhui , Li Xiaojing , He Xiaoya , Hu Xiangying , Li Yaxin , Wang Xudong , Lin Kaili , Mao Lixia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPeriodontitis is a chronic infectious disease caused by bacterial irritation. As an essential component of the host immunity, macrophages are highly plastic and play a crucial role in inflammatory response. An appropriate and timely transition from proinflammatory (M1) to anti‐inflammatory (M2) macrophages is indispensable for treating periodontitis. As M2 macrophage‐derived exosomes (M2‐exos) can actively target inflammatory sites and modulate immune microenvironments, M2‐exos can effectively treat periodontitis. Excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and unfolded protein response (UPR) are highly destructive pathological characteristics during inflammatory periodontal bone loss. Although melatonin has antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects, studies focusing on melatonin ER stress modulation remain limited. This study fabricates engineered M2‐exos loading with melatonin (Mel@M2‐exos) for treating periodontitis. As a result, M2‐exos drive an appropriate and timely macrophage reprogramming from M1 to M2 type, which resolves chronic inflammation and accelerated periodontal healing. Melatonin released from Mel@M2‐exos rescues the osteogenic and cementogenic differentiation capacity in inflammatory human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) by reducing excessive ER stress and UPR. Injectable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels with sustained‐release Mel@M2‐exos accelerate periodontal bone regeneration in rats with ligation‐induced periodontitis. Taken together, melatonin engineering M2 macrophage‐derived exosomes are promising candidates for inflammatory periodontal tissue regeneration.
Taming Metal–Solid Electrolyte Interface Instability via Metal Strain Hardening
Authors: Zhao Lihong , Li Wei , Wu Chaoshan , Ai Qing , Guo Liqun , Chen Zhaoyang , Zheng Jie , Anderson Matthew , Guo Hua , Lou Jun , Liang Yanliang , Fan Zheng , Zhu Juner , Yao Yan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSolid‐state lithium metal batteries have emerged as a promising technology for electric vehicles due to their high specific energy and safety potential. Obtaining intimate contact between Li and electrolyte during cell fabrication, however, remains challenging. Adequate fabrication pressure is required to promote close contact, but this pressure can cause Li deformation and penetration into the electrolyte, resulting in poor battery performance. Here, a strategy for addressing this problem is presented by incorporating 3 at% Mg into Li. Unlike pure Li which obeys the Voce hardening law and allows unconstrained deformation, Li─Mg alloy follows the Swift hardening law and strengthens with strain under compression stress. Because of the constrained deformation of Li─Mg, intimate contact with solid electrolytes is possible even at high fabrication pressure (50–65 MPa), resulting in high critical current densities. These findings underscore the importance of understanding Li metal deformation properties to improve solid‐state battery performance.