bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two Lensed Star Candidates at z ≃ 4.8 behind the Galaxy Cluster MACS J0647.7+7015
Authors: Meena Ashish Kumar , Zitrin Adi , Jiménez-Teja Yolanda , Zackrisson Erik , Chen Wenlei , Coe Dan , Diego Jose M. , Dimauro Paola , Furtak Lukas J. , Kelly Patrick L. , Oguri Masamune , Welch Brian , Andrade-Santos Felipe , Adamo Angela , Bhatawdekar Rachana , Bradač Maruša , Bradley Larry D. , Broadhurst Tom , Conselice Christopher J. , Dayal Pratika , Donahue Megan , Frye Brenda L. , Fujimoto Seiji , Hsiao Tiger Yu-Yang , Kokorev Vasily , Mahler Guillaume , Vanzella Eros , Windhorst Rogier A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We report the discovery of two extremely magnified lensed star candidates behind the galaxy cluster MACS J0647.7+015 using recent multiband James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NIRCam observations. The star candidates are seen in a previously known, z
phot ≃ 4.8 dropout giant arc that straddles the critical curve. The candidates lie near the expected critical curve position, but lack clear counter-images on the other side of it, suggesting these are possibly stars undergoing caustic crossings. We present revised lensing models for the cluster, including multiply imaged galaxies newly identified in the JWST data, and use them to estimate background macro-magnifications of at least ≳90 and ≳50 at the positions of the two candidates, respectively. With these values, we expect effective, caustic-crossing magnifications of ∼[103–105] for the two star candidates. The spectral energy distributions of the two candidates match well the spectra of B-type stars with best-fit surface temperatures of ∼10,000 K, and ∼12,000 K, respectively, and we show that such stars with masses ≳20 M
⊙ and ≳50 M
⊙, respectively, can become sufficiently magnified to be observable. We briefly discuss other alternative explanations and conclude that these objects are likely lensed stars, but also acknowledge that the less-magnified candidate may alternatively reside in a star cluster. These star candidates constitute the second highest-redshift examples to date after Earendel at z
phot ≃ 6.2, establishing further the potential of studying extremely magnified stars at high redshifts with JWST. Planned future observations, including with NIRSpec, will enable a more detailed view of these candidates in the near future.
Y a-t-il un bon usage du malentendu ?
Authors: Rosier Laurence 
Published: February 2023

Le malentendu fait partie intégrante de la communication et a été théorisé dans de multiples domaines. La polémique, après avoir eu longtemps mauvaise presse, est aujourd’hui revue à l’aune des échanges numériques, comme une modalité rhétorique fondamentale. Que se passe-t-il dès lors qu’on observe des faits sociaux convoquant ces deux mécanismes de discours à la fois ? Le malentendu peut-il être une façon de déjouer des interactions violentes ?
Un référent islamique illégitime. La disqualification des jeunes musulmans au sein de l’espace associatif des héritiers de l’immigration
Authors: Nasri Foued 
Published: February 2023

Cet article propose une sociogenèse des registres de disqualification des associations musulmanes au sein de l'espace associatif « jeune immigré » de l'agglomération lyonnaise durant les années 1990. Il s'appuie sur une enquête par entretiens, le dépouillement d'archives publiques et privées, et l'analyse de la presse associative, locale et nationale. Dans la continuité d'une approche en termes d'espace des mouvements sociaux, l'article situe la disqualification des engagements musulmans au sein des concurrences qui régissent l'espace associatif des héritiers de l'immigration entre les pôles « jeune immigré » et « jeune musulman », incarnés respectivement par les Jeunes Arabes de Lyon et banlieue (JALB) et l'Union des jeunes musulmans (UJM). Il décrit d'abord les usages des référents « arabe » et « musulman » en comparant les trajectoires biographiques et les carrières militantes des membres des JALB et de l'UJM et revient sur la réception contrastée de ces référents par le secteur pro-immigré et les institutions locales. Il explore ensuite les discours critiques vis-à-vis des usages militants du référentiel islamique et montre la façon dont les JALB se font progressivement les relais d'un discours discréditant à l'égard des acteurs musulmans, dans un contexte d'exacerbation des concurrences associatives et de paniques morales autour de l'islam. Ce faisant, il met en lumière la façon dont la disqualification des engagements musulmans se déploie comme un processus relationnel, évolutif et multisitué.
The effects of exclusive breastfeeding booklets on mothers’ knowledge in providing exclusive breastfeeding in Mataram City, Indonesia
Authors: Katmawanti Septa , Paramita Farah , Kurniawan Agung , Sharoni Siti Khuzaimah A , Fauzi Rosuzeita , Pratiwi Intan Gumilang , Samah Dea Aflah , Audina Yassinda Thasia , Wahyuni Oktavia Sri , Adisa Meyralda Dara , Rahmani Alinda 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding is the simplest and healthiest infant feeding method that, directly or by extraction, uses only breast milk with the exception to drops or syrups containing vitamins, mineral supplements or medicines. This practice helpprevents malnutrition among toddlers and provide essential dietary values for subsequent growth and development, especially in the first 6 months. However, Mataram has the lowest coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in West Nusa Tenggara province in 2018. This exposure increased by 70.30% from 2017-2018, but has not achieved the 80% national target. The low coverage was caused by mothers’ inadequate knowledge. Therefore, the present research aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of booklets as a promotional medium for exclusive breastfeeding towards increasing the knowledge of breastfeeding mothers.
Design and Methods: The research method involved the conduction of pre- and post tests (before and after the booklet was distributed) on 50 respondents by voluntary sampling. This sampling refers to a probability technique that provides equal opportunities for each population element selected as a member of the sample, while the participants were chosen using consecutive sampling technique
Results: The results showed the average values of the pre- and post- tests at 72 and 77, respectively.
Conclusions: Therefore, it is concluded that the booklet is effective in increasing mothers' knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding.
The implementation of code blue by nurses as first responders in outpatient and inpatient rooms at Malang Indonesia Hospital
Authors: Suharsono Tony , Sunarmi Sunarmi , Ida Nur , Khirria Bella Nove , Asrin Nazla , Ulya Ikhda 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (IHCA) is a frequent occurrence that necessitates prompt and appropriate assistance to improve survival rates. Nurses in public care rooms and outpatients are expected to be first responders to IHCA until an activated hospital code blue team arrives. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the implementation of code blue response by nurses in outpatient and hospital inpatient rooms in Malang.
Design and Methods: This is a quantitative study that uses observational methods with a cross-sectional approach comprising of 109 inpatient and outpatient care room nurses from 9 hospitals in Malang. The implementation of code blue was measured by a simulated case of adult cardiac arrest in a hospital inpatient room.
Results: The nurses involved were 67.0% female, where the majority have a D3 education qualification (57.7%), with more than ten years working experience (45%). Furthermore, 83.5% of nurses work in regular care rooms and 16.5% come from outpatient rooms. The results showed that the implementation of code blue by nurses in regular care and inpatient rooms was 66.7% and 65.9%, respectively in the insufficient categories. In addition, the Mann-Whitney U test obtained a p-value of 0.929.
Conclusions: In conclusion, there was no significant difference in the implementation of code blue that occurred in the inpatient and outpatient rooms. Further studies were recommended to observe code blue events directly and take samples with balanced proportions.
Applicability of Tanaka–Johnston, Moyers, and Bernabé and Flores–Mir Mixed Dentition Analyses in School-going Children of Sri Ganganagar City, Rajasthan (India)
Authors: Kakkar Ashish , Verma Kanika Gupta , Jusuja Purshottam , Juneja Suruchi , Arora Nishtha , Singh Shobhit 
Published: February 2023

Background:The orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning are the fundamental goals during the mixed dentition period. Numerous methods have been proposed till date such as Nance method, Moyer's method, Staley–Kerber and Tanaka–Johnston's method, and Bernabé and Flores–Mir method.Aim:The aim of the study is to determine the mesiodistal widths of the lower permanent canines and premolars from Tanaka–Johnston, Moyers, and Bernabé E and Flores–Mir C mixed dentition analysis and to determine the correlation coefficients and the new prediction equation for Sri Ganganagar population.Setting and Design:A total of 3572 children were clinically examined from the contemporary population of Sri Ganganagar city and Outpatient Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry in Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan. A total of 150 individuals were randomly selected for the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were designated as “study samples.Materials and Methods:A total of 150 children aged 11–16 years of Sri Ganganagar city were randomly selected. The mesiodistal width of permanent incisors, canines, premolars, and molars was measured with the help of digital vernier caliper with an accuracy of ±0.01 mm. The measurements of canines and premolars were summed up and compared with those derived from Tanaka and Johnston equations, Moyers probability tables, and Bernabé and Flores-Mir equations.Statistical Analysis:The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics Windows version “20.0” using Student'st-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Kruskal–Wallis test.Results:All the three methods overestimated the actual sum of permanent canine and premolars in both the arches in our population. The correlation coefficients and the new regression equations were derived for both maxilla and mandible in males and females for Sri Ganganagar population.Conclusion:The predicted values obtained from all the three methods overestimated the actual values.
Clinical and Radiographic Success of Three Adhesive Restorative Materials in Primary Molar Proximal Lesions
Authors: Inthihas S. K. , G. Nirmala S. V. S. , Rudhravarm Venkata Ratnakumar 
Published: February 2023

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic success of primary molar proximal lesions in 4–8 years children restored with three adhesive restorative materials followed up for 12 months.

Materials and Methods:
This study was carried out on 102 primary molars of 51 children in the age range of 4–8 years. In all the participants, Class II lesions were restored and randomly allocated into three material groups as giomer group, nano-ionomer group, and light-cured glass-ionomer cement (LC-GIC) group based on the restorative material used. All the restorations were evaluated and scored according to federation dentaire internationale (FDI) criteria for clinical and radiographic success rate at 3, 6, and 12 months' interval. Data were formulated in a predesigned format and were subjected to statistical analysis using the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test.

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference observed among the restorative material groups to all the properties of FDI criteria. The overall success rates of restorative materials at 3, 6, and 12 months' interval were as follows: giomer – 100%, 100%, and 94.1%; nano-ionomer – 97%, 94%, and 85.3%; and LC-GIC – 100%, 94%, and 88.2%.

Conclusion:
The highest clinical success rate was found for the giomer group followed by LC-GIC group and the least for the nano-ionomer group, whereas the highest radiographic success rate was found for giomer as well as LC-GIC group and the least for nano-ionomer group.
Caries Risk Factors among Children Aged 3–5 Years Old in Indonesia
Authors: Laksmiastuti Sri Ratna , Astoeti Tri Erri , Sutadi Heriandi , Budiardjo Sarworini B. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Dental caries is the most common oral disease in children. Dental caries is a multifactorial disease both etiologic factor and risk factor. Other factors that could not find in clinical examination or radiograph, but contribute to the disease are assumed as risk factor. A child as an un independent individual will be influenced by external risk factor, especially from the mother. Mother is an important figure for children character building. Risk factor detection is an essential effort to decrease the prevalence of dental caries.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to identify caries risk factor in children aged 3–5 years old in Indonesia.

Setting and Design:
A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using a universal sampling protocol.

Methods:
Subject is 248 pairs of mother and children. Clinical examination and questionnaire interview are applied on the subject.

Statistical Analysis:
The association between caries risk factors and caries cases on children were tested using bivariate analysis, followed by identifying the most dominant factors using logistic regression multivariate analysis.

Results:
Each caries risk factor has a significance level which could distinct to children's caries case. After multivariate logistic regression, maternal attitude and how to drink milk bottle were the most risk factors to childhood caries (odds ratio: 3.61; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–11.01 and 7.69; 95% CI: 1.84–32.13 respecting).

Conclusions:
Many risk factors contribute to childhood caries, originated from both children themselves and mothers. Caries risk factor identification is an important role in preventing childhood caries.
A Prospective Observational Study on Short-term Functional Outcomes of Primary Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty in the Indian Population
Authors: Chitten Jojin Jose , Arora Manit , Bathla Gaurav 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is becoming more popular for specific indications globally with good functional outcomes reported. There is no study, to the authors’ knowledge, on the outcomes of RSA in the Indian population. The present study aimed to fill the void.

Methodology:
A prospective observational study on the functional outcomes using University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and Constant scores in the first 27 consecutive patients who underwent RSA in a tertiary care hospital between 2019 and 2020 were assessed in periodic intervals up to a maximum of 1-year follow-up.

Results:
Twenty-seven patients underwent unilateral primary RSA and were included with a median age of 71 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 66–76). There was a statistically significant improvement in both the functional scores over the study duration. At a follow-up time of 6 months (n = 27 patients), the median improvement in UCLA score was 17 points (IQR: 12–19) and Constant shoulder score of 52 points (IQR: 47–60). Thirteen of these patients were followed up further up to 1 year, with a median improvement in UCLA score of 13 points (IQR: 21–25) and Constant shoulder score of 56 points (IQR: 49.50–66.50) from the preoperative scores. All 27 implants were radiographically stable. There was 7.4% complication rate; one scapular notching was noticed at the end of 1-year follow-up and one glenosphere dissociation in the immediate postoperative period.

Conclusion:
RSA provides consistent improvements in functional outcome measures in the Indian population with a low complication rate. Further studies with larger patient cohorts and longer follow-ups are needed to validate these findings.
Does Subscapularis Insufficiency in Patients with Subacromial Impingement Syndrome Correlate with Proximal Migration of Humerus? A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Dhanjani Bharat , Jain Gunjar , Tank Shekhar , Krishna Anant , Kumar Manoj , Kumar Vinod 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate the correlation between subscapularis insufficiency and functional subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS).

Patients and Methods:
Twenty patients with nonstructural subacromial impingement with at least one positive clinical test including Neer’s, Hawkins Kennedy, and Codman drop arm test, were recruited for this observational study. Subscapularis weakness was evaluated clinically via Gerber lift-off test, Bear Hug test and by Belly Press test, and by dynamometer, and its insufficiency was confirmed by evaluating changes in muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Subscapularis weakness was then matched with radiological parameters of proximal migration of shoulder, namely upward migration index (UMI) and Acromiohumeral interval (AHI) on X-ray and MRI, respectively.

Results:
A significant association (P < 0.05) was seen between subscapularis insufficiency and radiological parameters of SAIS, namely UMI and AHI.

Conclusion:
There exists a significant positive correlation between subscapularis insufficiency and proximal migration of humerus. Patients with clinical and radiological signs of subacromial impingement and without any evidence of structural abnormality should be investigated for an underlying subscapularis insufficiency.
Is Posterior Tibial Slope and Mechanism of Failure Crucial for an Anatomically Reconstructed Primary Hamstring Graft Anterior Cruciate Ligament?
Authors: Supreeth Sam , Al Barwani Aliya , Al Manei Khalid , Al Ghanami Suwailim , Shanmugasundaram Saseendar , Kotnoor Vijay Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
Native anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) failure is multifactorial with tibial slope identified as a crucial risk factor. The aim was to examine relation between lateral posterior tibial slope (LTPS) and failed ACL primary reconstruction by negating the associated risk factors such as tunnel position, gender, and graft types based on the mechanism of failure.

Materials and Methods
Our retrospective study included 102 patients, diagnosed as failed primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The LPTS was measured on lateral radiographs and the tunnel position assessed by magnetic resonance imaging on both femoral, tibial side by two musculoskeletal radiologists. We compared the slopes in patients based on their mechanism of failure.

Results
The mean LPTS in patients with anatomically placed tunnel (9.28° ± 3.5°; range, 4°–18°) was significantly higher than the rest (7.7° ± 2.9°; range, 3°–15°; P = 0.01). There was a significant association of higher tibial slope in graft rupture due to contact mechanism of failure (P = 0.02). LPTS was not significantly associated with noncontact mechanism of failure.

Conclusion
LTPS is a significant risk factor for failure in hamstring graft reconstructed ACL patients with optimally placed tunnels. LPTS ≥10° increases the risk of hamstring graft failure due to contact mechanism.
Differences in Hospital Length of Stay and Cost of Hospitalization Between Income Levels in Patients Hospitalized for Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Sleiman Anthony G. , Milto Anthony J. , Beason Austin M. , Scaife Steven L. , Bitar Youssef El 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
There has been an increase in volume and cost of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Performing procedures in high-volume inpatient centers and outpatient centers can help limit costs while preserving quality. This study aims to identify whether a difference in length of stay (LOS) and cost exists between income levels in patients hospitalized for TSA and reverse TSA (R-TSA) to identify potential disparities.

Methodology
NIS data defined by ICD-10 codes for patients diagnosed with primary shoulder osteoarthritis undergoing TSA or R-TSA between 2016 and 2019 were collected. Demographic, social, and comorbidity data were collected and stratified by income quartile.

Results
Patients had R-TSA (n = 173,695) more frequently than TSA (n = 149,075). The mean age was greater for R-TSA (71.8) than TSA (67.0) and increased by income quartile (P < 0.0001). Among TSA, LOS (days) decreased Q1 (1.50) to Q2 (1.40) and then remained consistent Q2–Q4. Among R-TSA, LOS decreased Q1 (1.67) to Q2 (1.64) to Q3 (1.62) and then increased in Q4 (1.65) (P = 0.03). The lowest income quartile had the highest cost in R-TSA and the second highest in TSA (P < 0.0001). By location, the percentage of urban teaching hospitals increased by income quartile, while the percentage of rural hospitals decreased by quartile (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion
Low-income shoulder arthroplasty patients had the longest LOS, high costs, and account for vast majority of rural cases. R-TSA had higher costs and LOS across income quartiles than TSA. Continued attention needs to be placed on the disparities in resource utilization for upper extremity arthroplasty among patients of different socioeconomic status.
Corporate Governance and Firm Performance: Evidence from Microfinance Institutions in Tanzania
Authors: Solomon Saimon , Makuya Victoria 
Published: February 2023

This study examined the impact of corporate governance on the performance of a firm. Two elements of corporate governance were involved namely the board of directors composition and audit committee composition which were assessed to find out their relations to Microfinance Institutions' (MFIs) financial performance. This study was done to contribute specific insights to the relationship and influence of corporate governance on firm performance especially due to limited literature in Tanzania. The study used a cross-sectional design, in which data were collected at a single point in time. Quantitative data were collected from 80 CEOs/Managers of MFIs under study. The study found that most of the respondents, which is equivalent to 66.2%, had the title of managers or supervisors and 17.4% were the CEOs/Directors. Moreover, MFIs agreed to have boards with independence (M=4.48, SD=0.49) and gender diversity (M=4.67, SD=0.41). Moreover, MFIs agreed to have an audit committee with members who had accounting/auditing/finance expertise. The findings from regression results further show that the relationship was significant between board composition (board independence and gender and geographical diversity) and audit committee composition (educational background and experience in microfinance issues) with the firm’s performance. The study concludes that corporate governance influences the financial performance of MFIs in Tanzania. The study recommends that MFIs and policymakers should ensure that the board of directors is characterised by independence and gender and geographic diversity. Also, the audit committee should comprise members who are experts in microfinance to enhance performance.