bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Global Prevalence of Pulmonary Fibrosis Among Post–COVID-19 Follow-up Patients
Authors: Mulu Getaneh Baye , Atinafu Bantalem Tilaye , Tarekegn Fetene Nigussie , Adane Tigist Demssew , Kebede Worku Misganaw 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the virus that causes a massive pandemic of the decade and has brought more than 215 million infections and nearly 4.5 million deaths worldwide as of August 2021. In addition, survivors of COVID-19 patients suffer from acute, chronic, and persistent lung problems and pulmonary fibrosis, which is the sequel of future morbidity and mortality.

Method
Electronic databases searched were PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, HINARI, Web of Science, and direct Google search. For publication bias, a funnel plot and the Egger regression test were used. The I
2 statistic was used to check the heterogeneity between the studies. DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was applied to estimate the pooled effect size. Subgroup analysis was done by using publication year and mean sample size. For the effect of a single study on the overall estimation, sensitivity analysis was deployed. STATA version 14 software using the random-effects model was used to conduct all statistical analyses.

Result
The study included 9 studies with a total sample size of 1241. The overall pooled prevalence of pulmonary fibrosis among post–COVID follow-up patients was found to be 54.04% (95% confidence interval, 40.54%–67.54%).

Conclusions
The overall pooled prevalence of pulmonary fibrosis among post–COVID-19 follow-up patients was higher in magnitude and recognized as a potential sequela among survivors. Because of exaggerated viral and immune response, further searching for better diagnostic and efficacious treatment strategies is recommended.
Helmet noninvasive ventilation in acute hypoxic respiratory failure
Authors: Buell Kevin G. , Patel Bhakti K. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose of review
Invasive mechanical ventilation is a lifesaving intervention for patients with severe acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF), but it is associated with neuromuscular, cognitive, and infectious complications. Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) may provide sufficient respiratory support without these complications. The helmet interface for NIV could address concerns raised for the use of NIV as first-line therapy in AHRF. This review will summarize and appraise the current evidence for helmet NIV in AHRF.

Recent findings
There are only six randomized controlled trials comparing helmet NIV to standard nasal cannula, facemask NIV, or high-flow nasal oxygen in patients with AHRF. Lower rates of endotracheal intubations and fewer days of mechanical ventilation were reported, with inconsistent findings on patient survival. Facemask NIV may worsen preexisting lung injury, delay intubations, and be inferior at delivering lung protective ventilation strategies compared with mechanical ventilation. The helmet interface could circumvent some of these concerns through the delivery of higher positive end expiratory pressure and more uniform distribution of negative pleural pressure.

Summary
There is limited evidence to support or refute the use of helmet NIV in AHRF. Further studies investigating the interface of helmet in NIV as a separate clinical entity are needed.
Novel therapies for treatment of antibody-mediated rejection of the kidney
Authors: Sethi Supreet , Jordan Stanley C. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose of review
We aim to discuss current literature on novel therapies for antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in kidney transplantation with a focus on chronic AMR.

Recent findings
IL-6/IL-6 receptor blockers appear promising in the treatment of chronic AMR. Blocking this pathway was shown to reduce human leucocyte antigen-antibodies, improve histologic inflammation and increase T-regulatory cells. Based on experience in desensitization, IgG degrading endopeptidase, imlifidase, could be effective in AMR. There have been case reports describing the successful use of plasma cell/natural killer-cell-directed anti-CD38 antibody in the treatment of AMR. Off-target effects have been noted and strategies to mitigate these will be needed when using these agents. Complement inhibitors could be an effective add-on strategy to antibody-depleting therapies but their role in AMR needs to be better defined. Combining proteasome inhibitors and costimulation blockers has shown encouraging results in the prevention of AMR in animal models and is now being investigated in humans. Other novel strategies such as Fc neonatal receptor blockers which inhibit the recycling of pathogenic IgG and bispecific antibodies against B-cell maturation antigen/CD3+ T cells warrant further investigation.

Summary
There are now a number of emerging therapies with varied targets and mechanism(s) of action that hold promise in the management of AMR and improving allograft survival.
Recurrent EWSR1::COLCA2 Fusions Define a Novel Sarcoma With Spindle/Round Cell Morphology and Strong Predilection for the Sinonasal Tract
Authors: Agaimy Abbas , Baněčková Martina , De Almeida John , Dickson Brendan C. , Dimmler Arno , Hartmann Wolfgang , Laé Marick , Pablik Jessica , Schubart Christoph , Skálová Alena , Stoehr Robert , Trautmann Marcel , Wardelmann Eva , Wassef Michel , Weinreb Ilan 
Published: December 2022

The last 2 decades have attended a dynamic evolution in the nosology of poorly differentiated sinonasal tract malignancies, with several new molecularly defined entities having been described in addition to delineation of the genetic driver/s of some established older entities. These discoveries, however, mostly concerned epithelial-derived neoplasms (carcinomas). Adamantinoma-like Ewing sarcoma and biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma are the major representatives of the newly defined mesenchymal categories. The colorectal cancer associated 2 (COLCA2) has been discovered recently as a colorectal cancer risk gene locus, but fusions involving this gene have not been well characterized. We, herein, describe clinicopathologic and molecular features of a novel sinonasal sarcoma characterized by undifferentiated spindle/round cell morphology and defined by recurrent EWSR1::COLCA2 fusions. All patients (n=5) were adults (3 female and 2 male) with a median age of 46 years (range, 23 to 60 y). The tumors originated in different subsites of the sinonasal tract with frequent multisite involvement. Original diagnoses were undifferentiated or unclassified round cell/spindle cell neoplasm/sarcoma (n=4) and neuroendocrine carcinoma (n=1). Surgery with or without adjuvant chemoradiation was the treatment in all cases. At the last follow-up, 1 patient developed multiple local recurrences over 21 years and another developed local recurrence and distant metastasis to bone 27 months after diagnosis. A third patient developed local recurrence 11 months later. Two patients were disease-free at 23, and 24 months. Histology showed nondescript highly cellular neoplasms with an admixture of spindled and round cells disposed into solid sheets and fascicles with brisk mitotic activity. Immunohistochemistry was negative for all lineage-specific markers with only limited focal membranous CD99 (4 of 5 cases) and weak pankeratin (1 of 5 cases) expression. Targeted RNA sequencing revealed an EWSR1::COLCA2 fusion, verified by EWSR1 fluorescence in situ hybridization, in all cases. This series identifies a novel member in the undifferentiated spindle/round cell sarcoma category with strong predilection for the sinonasal tract. None of >10,000 epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasms tested at the authors’ centers during the same period showed this fusion, highlighting rarity of tumors carrying this gene fusion. Accordingly, molecular testing of unclassified sinonasal malignancies/sarcomas showing round and spindle cell morphology is recommended to enhance the identification and further characterization of this entity.
Testing the Acceptability and Usability of an AI-Enabled COVID-19 Diagnostic Tool Among Diverse Adult Populations in the United States
Authors: Schilling Josh , Moeller F. Gerard , Peterson Rachele , Beltz Brandon , Joshi Deepti , Gartner Danielle , Vang Jee , Jain Praduman 
Published: December 2022

Background and Objectives:
Although at-home coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) testing offers several benefits in a relatively cost-effective and less risky manner, evidence suggests that at-home COVID-19 test kits have a high rate of false negatives. One way to improve the accuracy and acceptance of COVID-19 screening is to combine existing at-home physical test kits with an easily accessible, electronic, self-diagnostic tool. The objective of the current study was to test the acceptability and usability of an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled COVID-19 testing tool that combines a web-based symptom diagnostic screening survey and a physical at-home test kit to test differences across adults from varying races, ages, genders, educational, and income levels in the United States.

Methods:
A total of 822 people from Richmond, Virginia, were included in the study. Data were collected from employees and patients of Virginia Commonwealth University Health Center as well as the surrounding community in June through October 2021. Data were weighted to reflect the demographic distribution of patients in United States. Descriptive statistics and repeated independent t tests were run to evaluate the differences in the acceptability and usability of an AI-enabled COVID-19 testing tool.

Results:
Across all participants, there was a reasonable degree of acceptability and usability of the AI-enabled COVID-19 testing tool that included a physical test kit and symptom screening website. The AI-enabled COVID-19 testing tool demonstrated overall good acceptability and usability across race, age, gender, and educational background. Notably, participants preferred both components of the AI-enabled COVID-19 testing tool to the in-clinic testing.

Conclusion:
Overall, these findings suggest that our AI-enabled COVID-19 testing approach has great potential to improve the quality of remote COVID testing at low cost and high accessibility for diverse demographic populations in the United States.
The Role of Symptom Clusters in Triage of COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Wojtusiak Janusz , Bagais Wejdan , Vang Jee , Guralnik Elina , Roess Amira , Alemi Farrokh 
Published: December 2022

Background and Objective:
COVID-19 manifests with a broad range of symptoms. This study investigates whether clusters of respiratory, gastrointestinal, or neurological symptoms can be used to diagnose COVID-19.

Methods:
We surveyed symptoms of 483 subjects who had completed COVID-19 laboratory tests in the last 30 days. The survey collected data on demographic characteristics, self-reported symptoms for different types of infections within 14 days of onset of illness, and self-reported COVID-19 test results. Robust LASSO regression was used to create 3 nested models. In all 3 models, the response variable was the COVID-19 test result. In the first model, referred to as the “main effect model,” the independent variables were demographic characteristics, history of chronic symptoms, and current symptoms. The second model, referred to as the “hierarchical clustering model,” added clusters of variables to the list of independent variables. These clusters were established through hierarchical clustering. The third model, referred to as the “interaction-terms model,” also added clusters of variables to the list of independent variables; this time clusters were established through pairwise and triple-way interaction terms. Models were constructed on a randomly selected 80% of the data and accuracy was cross-validated on the remaining 20% of the data. The process was bootstrapped 30 times. Accuracy of the 3 models was measured using the average of the cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs).

Results:
In 30 bootstrap samples, the main effect model had an AUROC of 0.78. The hierarchical clustering model had an AUROC of 0.80. The interaction-terms model had an AUROC of 0.81. Both the hierarchical cluster model and the interaction model were significantly different from the main effect model (α = .04). Patients with different races/ethnicities, genders, and ages presented with different symptom clusters.

Conclusions:
Using clusters of symptoms, it is possible to more accurately diagnose COVID-19 among symptomatic patients.
ESMOLOL PROTECTS AGAINST LPS-INDUCED CARDIAC INJURY VIA THE AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 PATHWAY IN RAT
Authors: Liu Mao-xia , Yang Jia , Qin Yan , Li Zheng-da , Jin Jun , Zhang Yan-bing , Yang Xin-jing 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of esmolol (ES) on LPS-induced cardiac injury and the possible mechanism. Methods: Sepsis was induced by i.p. injection of LPS (10 mg/kg) in male Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated with ES, 3-methyladenine or rapamycin. The severity of myocardial damage was analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and myocardial damage scores were calculated. The concentration of cardiac troponin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of autophagy-related proteins (beclin-1, LC3-II, p-AMPK, p-ULK1, p-mTOR) in myocardial tissue was detected by Western blotting. Autophagosome formation and the ultrastructural damage of mitochondria were assessed using transmission electron microscopy. Results: LPS induced an increase in myocardial damage score in a time-dependent manner, accompanied with an increase in autophagy at 3 h and decrease in autophagy at 6, 12, and 24 h. Pretreatment of LPS-treated rats with ES or rapamycin reduced myocardial injury (release of cardiac troponin, myocardial damage score) and increased autophagy (LC3-II, beclin-1, p-AMPK, and p-ULK1 levels and autophagosome numbers) at 12 and 24 h. In contrast, 3-methyladenine showed no effect. Conclusion: Esmolol alleviates LPS-induced myocardial damage through activating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signal pathway–regulated autophagy.
SDGs disclosure: evidence from cruise corporations’ sustainability reporting
Authors: Di Vaio Assunta , Varriale Luisa , Lekakou Maria , Pozzoli Matteo 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
This study investigates how cruise corporations, which have shown consistent and high growth rates in recent years, address the Sustainable Development Goal 17 (SDG17) “Partnership for the Goals” to meet the UN 2030 Agenda. This study aims to fill the existent gap in the literature, as also highlighted by practitioners in the First Research Conference on Tourism, through the lens of stakeholder theory.

Design/methodology/approach
This study focuses on the analysis of partnerships and collaborative governance of cruise corporations’ endeavours to meet the UN 2030 Agenda. This study is supported by the sustainability disclosure framework and stakeholder theory, based on the dependence of resources and descriptive and instrumental approaches to describe, analyse and map, through multi-stakeholder partnerships, the sustainability initiatives and practices adopted by cruise corporations. A systematic manual content analysis has been developed on sustainability reporting published by corporations.

Findings
According to the descriptive and instrumental approaches and the dependence resources construct of the stakeholder theory, this study highlights the typology and nature of partnerships with SDGs, and their strategic role in achieving them, although cruise corporations do not highlight in their sustainability reporting the measures of effectiveness regarding the relationship between single partnerships and targets reached for each SDG.

Practical implications
Recommendations at the managerial level are put forward to support cruise corporations’ initiatives and practices to meet UN 2030 Agenda. This study suggests to governors of corporations the cooperation between the cruise industry and institutions at the local, national and international levels for promoting institutional interventions at the infrastructure and economic level.

Originality/value
This study provides further insights into the under-researched topic of sustainability disclosure within the cruise industry, adopting the lens of stakeholder theory from the partnerships’ perspective. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to adopt the analysis of the SDG practices under the lens of the stakeholder theory, based on the dependence of resources and descriptive and instrumental approaches to identify, map and analyse the multi-stakeholder partnerships as an enabling key to meet UN 2030 Agenda in the cruise industry.
Optimal design of a yoke-less axial flux switching PM motor based on multi-objective PSO
Authors: Rahmani Fard Javad , Jamali Arand Saadat , Hemmati Siroos 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
In this paper, an improved multiobjective particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed to optimize a three-phase, 12-slot, 19-pole, yokeless axial-field flux-switching permanent magnet (YASA-AFFSPM) motor.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the structural characteristics of the YASA-AFFSPM, a mathematical model is established to calculate the main size of the YASA-AFFSPM motor. The split ratio, stator axial length, sandwiching pole angle, rotor pole angle, PM arc and number of conductors per slot are selected as optimization variables. Also, the efficiency, power factor, cogging torque and average torque are considered as the optimization objectives. The objectives are optimized by combining the improved multiobjective PSO algorithm with electromagnetic calculation.

Findings
Based on the proposed algorithm, the investigated motor is optimized. The on-load efficiency, power factor and average torque of the motor performance have increased by 0.87%, 3.13% and 10.39%, respectively. Moreover, the cogging torque and slot fill factor have undergone decreases of 8.57% and 3.34%, respectively. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified using experiment results.

Originality/value
So far, no comprehensive report has been observed on the optimization of the YASA-AFFSPM motor using evolutionary algorithms and the study of the effect of the motor parameters. Therefore, in this paper, the authors decided to investigate the effect of YASA-AFFSPM motor parameters and improve motor performance with the improved PSO method.
How librarians and firefighters built a special library in Champaign, Illinois, USA: a community informatics story
Authors: Grisales Bohorquez Claudia , Ruan Lian , Williams Kate 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to understand how a special library helped firefighters in Illinois navigate the digital revolution by evidencing the elements and forms of work that made its innovative services possible.Design/methodology/approachThe authors examine the history of a special library through a community informatics lens, drawing from sociomaterial perspectives to highlight forms of work often invisible in digital innovation. Data was collected through documentary revision, oral histories and semi-structured interviews. Deductive-inductive coding and constant comparative analysis was used in the analysis.FindingsA historical narrative of the library between 1990 and 2021 highlights three sociotechnical innovations that assisted firefighters through the digital revolution: the facilitated collection, the co-created collection and the inside-out library. To develop these innovations the library drew from institutional relations, personal relations, grants, labor, knowledge of firefighters and technology. Various forms of articulation work brought these elements together to create innovative services.Originality/valueThe role of special libraries in addressing the digital divide has not been sufficiently detailed so far; this paper is a contribution in that direction. It also has practical value for professionals working in specialized libraries and information centers.
The effects of transformational leadership and HRM practices on employee outcomes and productivity in the Greek hospitality industry during COVID-19
Authors: Kloutsiniotis Panagiotis V. , Mihail Dimitrios M. , Gounioti Silouani 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe present study investigates the role of “Transformational Leadership (TFL)” on employees' work engagement and its effect on their “Productivity” and “Extra-Role Customer Service” behaviors. In doing so, the present study examines the mediating role of two crucial variables, namely the creation of a “Service Climate” and the role of “Trust” that employees show toward their managers. Last but not least, this research examines the potential role of High Performance Work Systems (HPWS) as a moderator.Design/methodology/approachPartial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used on a sample of 459 customer-contact employees across thirteen 4- and 5-star Greek hotel organizations.FindingsThis study reveals the mechanism through which “TFL” impacts employees' productivity. Specifically, “TFL” first impacts employees' “Trust” toward their managers and helps toward creating a “Social Climate”. In turn, both “Trust” and “Social Climate” directly impact employees' “Work Engagement” who respond by showing increased “Productivity” and by exhibiting “Extra-Role Customer Service” behaviors. Nevertheless, the role of HPWS as a moderator was not confirmed.Practical implicationsThe present study underscores the need for hotels' management to pay the required attention on creating an employment relationship based on “Trust”, as well as on creating a “Service Climate” in order for their employees to become work engaged and highly productive.Originality/valueThis is among the first studies that examine the “TFL” effects on employee outcomes in the Tourism and Hospitality sector, during the COVID-19 era.