bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Titania‐Supported Cu‐Single‐Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical Reduction of Acetylene to Ethylene at Low‐Concentrations with Suppressed Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Wang Zeping , Shang Lu , Yang Hongzhou , Zhao Yunxuan , Waterhouse Geoffrey I.N. , Li Dong , Shi Run , Zhang Tierui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractElectrochemical acetylene reduction (EAR) is a promising strategy for removing acetylene from ethylene‐rich gas streams. However, suppressing the undesirable hydrogen evolution is vital for practical applications in acetylene‐insufficient conditions. Herein, Cu single atoms are immobilized on anatase TiO2 nanoplates (Cu‐SA/TiO2) for electrochemical acetylene reduction, achieving an ethylene selectivity of ≈97% with a 5 vol% acetylene gas feed (Ar balance). At the optimal Cu‐single‐atom loading, Cu‐SA/TiO2 is able to effectively suppress HER and ethylene over‐hydrogenation even when using dilute acetylene (0.5 vol%) or ethylene‐rich gas feeds, delivering a 99.8% acetylene conversion, providing a turnover frequency of 8.9 × 10−2 s−1, which is superior to other EAR catalysts reported to date. Theoretical calculations show that the Cu single atoms and the TiO2 support acted cooperatively to promote charge transfer to adsorbed acetylene molecules, whilst also inhibiting hydrogen generation in alkali environments, thus allowing selective ethylene production with negligible hydrogen evolution at low acetylene concentrations.
4D Printing of Reprogrammable Liquid Crystal Elastomers with Synergistic Photochromism and Photoactuation
Authors: Chen Mei , Hou Yanbei , An Ran , Qi H. Jerry , Zhou Kun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract4D printing of liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) via direct ink writing has opened up great opportunities to create stimuli‐responsive actuations for applications such as soft robotics. However, most 4D‐printed LCEs are limited to thermal actuation and fixed shape morphing, posing a challenge for achieving multiple programmable functionalities and reprogrammability. Here, a 4D‐printable photochromic titanium‐based nanocrystal (TiNC)/LCE composite ink is developed, which enables the reprogrammable photochromism and photoactuation of a single 4D‐printed architecture. The printed TiNC/LCE composite exhibits reversible color‐switching between white and black in response to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and oxygen exposure. Upon near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation, the UV‐irradiated region can undergo photothermal actuation, allowing for robust grasping and weightlifting. By precisely controlling the structural design and the light irradiation, the single 4D‐printed TiNC/LCE object can be globally or locally programmed, erased, and reprogrammed to achieve desirable photocontrollable color patterns and 3D structure constructions, such as barcode patterns and origami‐ and kirigami‐inspired structures. This work provides a novel concept for designing and engineering adaptive structures with unique and tunable multifunctionalities, which have potential applications in biomimetic soft robotics, smart construction engineering, camouflage, multilevel information storage, etc.
Lattice Strain Engineering of Ni2P Enables Efficient Catalytic Hydrazine Oxidation‐Assisted Hydrogen Production
Authors: Feng Chao , Lv Miaoyuan , Shao Jiaxin , Wu Hanyang , Zhou Weiliang , Qi Shuai , Deng Chen , Chai Xiaoyan , Yang Hengpan , Hu Qi , He Chuanxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHydrazine‐assisted water electrolysis provides new opportunities to enable energy‐saving hydrogen production while solving the issue of hydrazine pollution. Here, the synthesis of compressively strained Ni2P as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for boosting both the anodic hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) and cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is reported. Different from a multistep synthetic method that induces lattice strain by creating core–shell structures, a facile strategy is developed to tune the strain of Ni2P via dual‐cation co‐doping. The obtained Ni2P with a compressive strain of −3.62% exhibits significantly enhanced activity for both the HzOR and HER than counterparts with tensile strain and without strain. Consequently, the optimized Ni2P delivers current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2 at small cell voltages of 0.16 and 0.39 V for hydrazine‐assisted water electrolysis, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the compressive strain promotes water dissociation and concurrently tunes the adsorption strength of hydrogen intermediates, thereby facilitating the HER process on Ni2P. As for the HzOR, the compressive strain reduces the energy barrier of the potential‐determining step for the dehydrogenation of *N2H4 to *N2H3. Clearly, this work paves a facile pathway to the synthesis of lattice‐strained electrocatalysts via the dual‐cation co‐doping.
Poly(l‐Histidine)‐Mediated On‐Demand Therapeutic Delivery of Roughened Ceria Nanocages for Treatment of Chemical Eye Injury
Authors: Yang Chia‐Jung , Nguyen Duc Dung , Lai Jui‐Yang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDevelopment of topical bioactive formulations capable of overcoming the low bioavailability of conventional eye drops is critically important for efficient management of ocular chemical burns. Herein, a nanomedicine strategy is presented to harness the surface roughness‐controlled ceria nanocages (SRCNs) and poly(l‐histidine) surface coatings for triggering multiple bioactive roles of intrinsically therapeutic nanocarriers and promoting transport across corneal epithelial barriers as well as achieving on‐demand release of dual drugs [acetylcholine chloride (ACh) and SB431542] at the lesion site. Specifically, the high surface roughness helps improve cellular uptake and therapeutic activity of SRCNs while exerting a negligible impact on good ocular biocompatibility of the nanomaterials. Moreover, the high poly(l‐histidine) coating amount can endow the SRCNs with an ≈24‐fold enhancement in corneal penetration and an effective smart release of ACh and SB431542 in response to endogenous pH changes caused by tissue injury/inflammation. In a rat model of alkali burn, topical single‐dose nanoformulation can efficaciously reduce corneal wound areas (19‐fold improvement as compared to a marketed eye drops), attenuate ≈93% abnormal blood vessels, and restore corneal transparency to almost normal at 4 days post‐administration, suggesting great promise for designing multifunctional metallic nanotherapeutics for ocular pharmacology and tissue regenerative medicine.
Aldolase A Accelerates Cancer Progression by Modulating mRNA Translation and Protein Biosynthesis via Noncanonical Mechanisms
Authors: Song Junjiao , Li Hongquan , Liu Yanfang , Li Xinrong , Shi Qili , Lei Qun‐Ying , Hu Weiguo , Huang Shenglin , Chen Zhiao , He Xianghuo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAldolase A (ALDOA), a crucial glycolytic enzyme, is often aberrantly expressed in various types of cancer. Although ALDOA has been reported to play additional roles beyond its conventional enzymatic role, its nonmetabolic function and underlying mechanism in cancer progression remain elusive. Here, it is shown that ALDOA promotes liver cancer growth and metastasis by accelerating mRNA translation independent of its catalytic activity. Mechanistically, ALDOA interacted with insulin‐ like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) to facilitate its binding to m6A‐modified eIF4G mRNA, thereby increasing eIF4G protein levels and subsequently enhancing overall protein biosynthesis in cells. Importantly, administration of GalNAc‐conjugated siRNA targeting ALDOA effectively slows the tumor growth of orthotopic xenografts. Collectively, these findings uncover a previously unappreciated nonmetabolic function of ALDOA in modulating mRNA translation and highlight the potential of specifically targeting ALDOA as a prospective therapeutic strategy in liver cancer.
Asymmetric N, P‐Coordinated Single‐Atomic Fe Sites with Fe2P Nanoclusters/Nanoparticles on Porous Carbon Nanosheets for Highly Efficient Oxygen Electroreduction
Authors: Liu Heng , Jiang Luozhen , Sun Yanyan , Khan Javid , Feng Bin , Xiao Jiamin , Zhang Handong , Xie Haijiao , Li Lina , Wang Shuangyin , Han Lei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDisrupting the symmetrical electron distribution of single‐atomic Fe sites is proposed as an effective strategy for improving the intrinsic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein asymmetric N, P‐coordinated single‐atomic Fe sites with Fe2P nanoclusters/nanoparticles on porous carbon nanosheets (FePNC) are constructed by a soft‐template self‐sacrificing pyrolysis. The synchrotron X‐ray absorption spectroscopy confirms the coexistence of FeN3P1 moieties by the coordination of Fe atom with three nitrogen atoms and one phosphorus atom, and a small amount of Fe2P nanoclusters/nanoparticles. Benefiting from the unique asymmetric electronic and geometric configurations, the resultant FePNC catalyst exhibits excellent ORR activity with half‐wave potential of 0.76 V (0.5 m H2SO4) and 0.90 V (0.1 m KOH), and good Zn–air battery performance. Theoretical analysis reveals that the synergistic effect of P coordination and Fe2P nanoclusters induces asymmetrical electron redistribution of single‐atomic Fe sites and thus optimize the absorption strength toward the ORR intermediates, which contribute to the improved ORR activity.
Using international migration links for early detection of COVID‐19 risk exposure in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Khan Mahreen , Ahsan Reshad , Iqbal Kazi , Mobarak Ahmed Mushfiq , Shonchoy Abu S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractReliable testing data for new infectious diseases like COVID‐19 is scarce in developing countries making it difficult to rapidly diagnose spatial disease transmission and identify at‐risk areas. We propose a method that uses readily available data on bi‐lateral migration channels combined with COVID‐19 cases at respective migrant destinations to construct a spatially oriented risk index. We find significant and consistent association between our measure and various types of outcomes including actual COVID‐19 cases and deaths, indices of government policy responses, and community mobility patterns. Results suggest that future pandemic models should incorporate migration‐linkages to predict regional socio‐economic and health risk exposure.
Distributionally robust chance‐constrained optimization with Sinkhorn ambiguity set
Authors: Yang Shu‐Bo , Li Zukui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel distributionally robust chance‐constrained optimization (DRCCP) method is proposed in this work based on the Sinkhorn ambiguity set. The Sinkhorn ambiguity set is constructed based on the Sinkhorn distance, which is a variant of the Wasserstein distance with the entropic regularization. The proposed method can hedge against more general families of uncertainty distributions than the Wasserstein ambiguity set‐based methods. The presented approach is formulated as a tractable conic model based on the Conditional value‐at‐risk (CVaR) approximation and the discretized kernel distribution relaxation. This model is compatible with more general constraints that are subject to uncertainty than the Wasserstein‐based methods. Accordingly, the presented Sinkhorn DRCCP is a more practical approach that overcomes the limitations of the traditional Wasserstein DRCCP approaches. A numerical example and a nonlinear chemical process optimization case are studied to demonstrate the efficacy of the Sinkhorn DRCCP and its advantages over the Wasserstein DRCCP.
Calculation of the solid fat content of vegetable fats using the Hildebrand equation
Authors: Schaink Hermanus Martinus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVegetable fats are complex multi‐component mixtures of triglycerides. Here, the solidification behavior of a few vegetable fats is calculated using the Hildebrand equation. This calculation assumes, in the liquid phase, ideal mixing of the different components, in combination with literature data about the temperatures and enthalpies of fusion of the individual triglycerides. It further assumes a decomposition of the triglyceride blend into binary blends dissolved in an inert solvent. The solid fat content is calculated as function of the temperature, for only all α and only β and only β' crystal modifications. The minor triglyceride components are explicitly included in the calculation. The calculated solid fat contents for cocoa butter, palm oil, inter‐esterified palm oil and palm kernel olein oil are compared to pNMR data, reported in the literature. The standard deviations between calculated and experimental solid fat content lie between 4% and 14%. Temperature ranges are found, in which specific crystal modifications match to the pNMR data for the solid fat content. These temperature ranges are found to be consistent with literature data obtained using x‐ray diffraction. As a by‐product, the calculation presented here, enables the construction of scenarios that describe which triglyceride solidifies in which temperature interval.
Effect of treatment type of natural fibers on the rheological and micromechanical behavior of polyvinyl alcohol composites
Authors: Sifuentes‐Nieves Israel , Hernandez‐Gamez Jose F. , Flores‐Silva Pamela C. , Gudiño‐Rivera Javier , Rivera‐Salinas Jorge E. , Saucedo‐Salazar Esmeralda , Hernández‐Hernández Ernesto 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe viscoelastic and mechanical performance of sustainable raw materials on biodegradable matrices provide insights into how to develop and improve materials that contribute to the circular economy. Thus, we aim to evaluate the effect of conventional (acid or alkali) and dual (alkali/acid‐ultrasound) treatment on Agave fibers, as well as their rheological and micromechanical performance on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)‐based composites. TGA results indicate that the treatments promote the removal of moisture, waxes, pectin, hemicellulose, and lignin from the fibers to different extents. PVA matrix containing modified fibers exhibits low viscosity, flux index, and critical shear values, indicating a high interaction and dispersion of the filler in the matrix. Furthermore, tensile tests and theoretical predictions of micromechanics‐based finite element analysis show evidence that the modified fiber type provides a different stress transfer ratio () than in the matrix, which changes Young's modulus values. The results indicate that Agave fibers modified by dual treatment are a useful filler to produce soft or stiff PVA composites when looking for potential applications in the mobility industry or other fields like the packaging.
Input‐constrained optimal output synchronization of heterogeneous multiagent systems via observer‐based model‐free reinforcement learning
Authors: Zhang Tengfei , Jia Yingmin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a new formulation of input‐constrained optimal output synchronization problem and proposes an observer‐based distributed optimal control protocol for discrete‐time heterogeneous multiagent systems with input constraints via model‐free reinforcement learning. First, distributed adaptive observers are designed for all agents to estimate the leader's trajectory without requiring its dynamics knowledge. Subsequently, the optimal control input associated with the optimal value function is derived based on the solution to the tracking Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Bellman equation, which is always difficult to solve analytically. To this end, motivated by reinforcement learning technique, a model‐free Q‐learning policy iteration algorithm is proposed, and the actor‐critic neural network structure is implemented to iteratively find the optimal tracking control input without knowing system dynamics. Moreover, inputs of all agents are constrained in the permitted bounds by inserting a nonquadratic function into the performance function, where input constraints are encoded into the optimization problem. Finally, a numerical simulation example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results.
CSOs working for peace through education in conflict‐affected areas: The case of Cyprus
Authors: Hajisoteriou Christina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article discusses the results of a qualitative study examining the ways civil society organisations (CSOs) may better support grass‐roots initiatives for everyday peacebuilding via education in conflict‐affected societies, where official state processes have failed. Our research is set in the Cyprus context, where the conflict between the Greek‐Cypriot and Turkish‐Cypriot communities that has led to the division of the island seems rather ‘intractable’ and ‘frozen’. From the process of the analysis, three thematic categories emerged: (a) cultivating citizen empowerment and civil initiatives; (b) enhancing children's and youth's voices; and (c) launching partnerships with state and societal actors. We discuss our findings under the framework of intercultural education and change. It is argued that for peacebuilding to flourish, CSOs should use education to cultivate social and sympathetic imagination by enabling people from both communities to imagine other, more socially just, but also socio‐economically better, alternatives to the current status quo, through everyday peace and education initiatives.
Effects of anesthetic adjunctive agents on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: A Bayesian network meta‐analysis
Authors: Xu Lichi , Xu Shuxiang , Zhang Yuelun , Huang Yuguang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundElderly patients are prone to postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The comparison of the effects of anesthetic adjuvant drugs on POCD in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery remains controversial.MethodsThe final search took place on June 10, 2023. Randomized controlled trials including ketamine, ulinastatin, dexmedetomidine, parecoxib, and midazolam on the prevention and treatment of POCD in elderly undergoing noncardiac surgery were collected. A Bayesian network meta‐analysis was performed to quantitatively combine the evidence.ResultsA total of 35 randomized trials were finally included in this systematic review, and the overall risk of bias is Allocation concealment. These anesthetic adjuvant drugs did not show significant differences in preventing POCD on postoperative days 1 and 7 compared with each other, but ulinastatin may be more effective in preventing POCD than dexmedetomidine [odds ratio (OR) = 0.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (0.10, 0.71)] and parecoxib [OR = 0.3, 95% CI = (0.10, 0.82 on postoperative day 3. The efficiency ranking results also find that ulinastatin and ketamine might provide better effects regarding POCD prevention.ConclusionsKetamine and ulinastatin might have better effects in preventing POCD in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Our meta‐analysis provided evidence for the use of ulinastatin and ketamine in the prevention of POCD in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some Bromophenols and Their Derivatives Including Natural Products
Authors: Bayrak Cetin , Taslimi Parham , Kilinc Namik , Gulcin Ilhami , Menzek Abdullah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn addition to the first synthesis of the natural bromophenol butyl 2‐(3,5‐dibromo‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)acetate (1), indene derivatives 34 and 35 were synthesized from 3‐phenylpropenal derivatives in BBr3 medium. Five known natural bromophenols and some derivatives were synthesized by known methods. Cholinesterase (ChEs) inhibitors reduce the breakdown of acetylcholine and are used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia symptoms. The inhibition effects of all obtained compounds were examined towards acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and α‐glycosidase enzymes. All synthesized compounds demonstrated the strong inhibition effects against both cholinergic enzymes. For determination of Ki values of novel bromophenols Lineweaver‐Burk graphs were obtained. Ki values were found in the ranging of 0.13–14.74 nM for AChE, 5.11–23.95 nM for BChE, and 63.96–206.78 nM for α‐glycosidase, respectively. All bromophenols and their derivatives exhibit effective inhibition profile when compared to positive controls.
Photocatalytic Performance of Zinc Oxide and Metal‐Doped Zinc Oxide for Various Organic Pollutants
Authors: Hasanah Andi Uswatun , Gareso Paulus Lobo , Rauf Nurlaela , Tahir Dahlang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) has a high photocatalytic potential to decompose volatile organic pollutants into CO2 and H2O which depend on their physical properties, such as particle shape and size, band gap, type of dopant, and optical and structural properties. Using 93 references listed in this review, the relationship between metal dopant and synthesis methods to the efficiency of ZnO and composite ZnO‐metal in degrading pollutants for photocatalyst applications is studied. The basic principles of the photocatalyst process is described when the electrons at the valence band of ZnO get the energy from solar spectrum, generate the charge (electron and hole), and then continue to react with superoxide and water, resulting in radical atoms which break the bonds of organic pollutants. Rare earth dopants have the highest efficiency up to 100 % at 15 min irradiation. Conclusions and future prospects of ZnO and metal‐doped ZnO are also discussed. Perspectives and challenges of the future development of ZnO‐based photocatalysts are evaluated.
Robust Biosensor Based on Carbon Nanotubes/Protein Hybrid Electrolyte Gated Transistors
Authors: Paradisi Alessandro , Berto Marcello , Di Giosia Matteo , Mazzali Sara , Borsari Marco , Marforio Tainah Dorina , Zerbetto Francesco , Calvaresi Matteo , Orieshyna Anna , Amdursky Nadav , Bortolotti Carlo Augusto , Biscarini Fabio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSemiconducting single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are promising materials for biosensing applications with electrolyte‐gated transistors (EGT). However, to be employed in EGT devices, SWCNTs often require lengthy solution‐processing fabrication techniques. Here, we introduce a simple solution‐based method that allows fabricating EGT devices from stable dispersions of SWCNTs/bovine serum albumin (BSA) hybrids in water. The dispersion is then deposited on a substrate allowing the formation of a SWCNTs random network as the semiconducting channel. We demonstrate that this methodology allows the fabrication of EGT devices with electric performances that allow their use in biosensing applications. We demonstrate their application for the detection of cortisol in solution, upon gate electrode functionalization with anti‐cortisol antibodies. This is a robust and cost‐effective methodology that sets the ground for a SWCNT/BSA‐based biosensing platform that allows overcoming many limitations of standard SWCNTs biosensor fabrications.
Organocatalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of 1,5‐Disubstituted 1,2,3‐Triazolyl Glycoconjugates
Authors: Jaiswal Manoj K. , Gupta Abhishek , Yadav Mangal S. , Pandey Vinay K. , Tiwari Vinod K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel organocatalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of nitroolefins with glycosyl azides as well as organic azides has been developed for successful construction of 1,5‐disubstituted triazolyl glycoconjugates. This metal‐free and acid‐free, regioselective synthetic protocol proceeds in the presence of only Schreiner thiourea organocatalysts, which enable the required activation of nitroolefins through double hydrogen bonding. The straightforward, operationally simple, and regioselectivity of this methodology, complementing to the classical RuAAC catalyzed synthesis of 1,5‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles. In the presence of catalytic amount of Schreiner thiourea organocatalyst, organic azides react with a broad array of nitroolefins producing a series of diverse 1,5‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐ triazoles in good yields with excellent regioselectivity.