bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive study of oxidative stress‐related effects on the prognosis and drug therapy of cervical cancer
Authors: Sheng Nan , He Chenyun , Jin Xiaoxia , Meng Qi , Gu Panyun , Ding Shu , Liu Hong , Xu Yunzhao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCervical cancer (CC) is a serious global disease with poor prognoses and a significant recurrence rate in patients with advanced disease. Oxidative stress (OS) greatly influences many types of human cancers, making it crucial to understand the functional mechanisms of OS‐related genes in CC.MethodsThe transcriptome and clinical data of three normal samples and 306 patients with CC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. The GSE44001 dataset was acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. OS‐related subtypes in the cohort with CC were identified using unsupervised hierarchical clustering, univariate Cox analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis. Additionally, molecular pathways that differ across subtypes were determined and OS‐related genes linked to the prognosis of patients of CC were determined. Finally, a clinical prognostic gene signature was developed and validated. The relative infiltration level of immune cell subpopulations in different risk groups and subtypes was evaluated using the cell‐type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERPORT) algorithm and single‐sample GSEA (ssGSEA) techniques.ResultsThe present study established two distinct OS subtypes (OS clusters A and B). Analysis using ssGSEA and CIBERSPORT revealed that OS cluster B exhibited a significant level of immune infiltration. A clinical prognostic gene signature was established using OS‐related characteristic genes identified by examining the differentially expressed genes across both subtypes. Furthermore, patients with CC were grouped into high‐ and low‐risk groups, with the low‐risk group showing higher survival rates. Additionally, these individuals exhibited significant advantages in terms of survival and immunotherapy. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated the higher predictive value of the clinical prognostic gene signature. The outcomes of the validation group depicted congruence with those recorded in the training group.ConclusionsA new model was constructed based on eight OS‐related characteristic genes to aid the prediction of the survival rates of individuals with CC. The present study contributes to the existing literature on the mechanisms of OS genes in CC and offers a fresh perspective for future advancements in immunotherapy for such individuals.
Inequitable representation of Black boys in gifted and talented education, Advanced Placement, and special education
Authors: Ford Donna Y. , Hines Erik M. , Middleton Tanya J. , Moore James L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBlack boys are overrepresented in special education (SPED) and underrepresented in gifted and talented education, Advanced Placement, and other opportunities for advanced learners. Conversely, they are overrepresented in SPED. In this article, we address the vicious cycle of deficit thinking and intelligence test inequities—the consequences and impact on Black males. The impact of high‐stakes testing and racial prejudice and discrimination is stark. We present an equity formula to guide readers in all roles in setting quantifiable equity goals. Recommendations are provided.
Gray Matter Changes Following Mild COVID‐19: An MR Morphometric Study in Healthy Young People
Authors: Perlaki Gábor , Darnai Gergely , Arató Ákos , Alhour Husamalddin Ali , Szente Anna , Áfra Eszter , Nagy Szilvia Anett , Horváth Réka , Kovács Norbert , Dóczi Tamás , Orsi Gergely , Janszky József 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundAlthough COVID‐19 is primarily an acute respiratory infection, 5%–40% of patients develop late and prolonged symptoms with frequent neurological complaints, known as long COVID syndrome. The presentation of the disease suggests that COVID infection may cause functional and/or morphological central nervous system alterations, but studies published in the literature report contradictory findings.PurposeTo investigate the chronic effects of COVID‐19 on cerebral grey matter in a group of young patients without comorbidities, with mild course of COVID infection and no medical complaints at the time of examination.Study TypeProspective.PopulationThirty‐eight young (age = 26.6 ± 5.0 years; male/female = 14/24), adult participants who recovered from mild COVID infection without a history of clinical long COVID and 37 healthy control subjects (age = 25.9 ± 2.8 years; male/female = 14/23).Field Strength/SequenceThree Tesla, 3D T1‐weighted magnetization‐prepared rapid gradient‐echo, 2D T2‐weighted turbo spin‐echo.AssessmentMRI‐based morphometry and volumetry along with neuropsychological testing and self‐assessed questionnaire.Statistical TestsFisher's exact test, Mann–Whitney U‐test, and multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess differences between COVID and healthy control groups. P < 0.05 was used as cutoff for significance.ResultsIn the COVID group, significantly lower bilateral mean cortical thickness (left/right‐hemisphere: 2.51 ± 0.06 mm vs. 2.56 ± 0.07 mm, η2p = 0.102/2.50 ± 0.06 mm vs. 2.54 ± 0.07 mm, η2p = 0.101), lower subcortical gray matter (57881 ± 3998 mm3 vs. 60470 ± 5211 mm3, η2p = 0.100) and lower right olfactory bulb volume (52.28 ± 13.55 mm3 vs. 60.98 ± 15.8 mm3, η2p = 0.078) were found. In patients with moderate to severe anosmia, cortical thickness was significantly lower bilaterally, as compared to patients without olfactory function loss (left/right‐hemisphere: 2.50 ± 0.06 mm vs. 2.56 ± 0.05 mm, η2 = 0.173/2.49 ± 0.06 mm vs. 2.55 ± 0.05 mm, η2 = 0.189). Using further exploratory analysis, significantly reduced cortical thickness was detected locally in the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex in the COVID group (2.53 ± 0.10 mm vs. 2.60 ± 0.09 mm, η2p = 0.112).Data ConclusionEven without any subjective or objective neurological complaints at the time of the MR scan, subjects in the COVID group showed gray matter alterations in cortical thickness and subcortical gray matter volume.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 3
Soil health restoration in degraded lands: A microbiological perspective
Authors: Kumar Adarsh , Das Abinash , Singh Dikchha , Das Malay Kumar , Srivastava Gyan Prakash , Singh Jyoti Prakash , Tilgam Jyotsana , Thapa Shobit , Das Sudipta , Chakdar Hillol 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLand degradation is one of the most pressing environmental problems of the 21st century particularly due to its impact on global food security and environmental quality through the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Land degradation happens at an accelerated rate and affects regions inhabited by more than one‐third population of the world. This phenomenon resulted in a dramatic reduction in the productivity of cropland and rangeland of world thus threatening the environmental quality and food security. It manifests in various forms such as desertification, soil erosion, sodicity, salinity, heavy metal contamination, pesticide contamination, declining soil fertility, and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The world now has a real chance for the next generation to grow sustainably and eliminate acute food scarcity. Microbes, as vital elements of soil, play an important role in maintaining soil biological properties and fertility. Due to their multifarious biological functions and metabolic uniqueness, microorganisms can fix or solubilize nutrients, add organic matters to the soil to improve its quality. Many of the microorganisms can produce biological compounds or enzymes, which can degrade or scavenge toxic substances from the soils. In this review, we have discussed in detail how diverse microorganisms can help to restore different types of degraded lands. The limitations in application of microorganisms in restoration of soil health and possible scopes to improve the applicability have also been discussed here.
The response of glaciers and glacial lakes to climate change in the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau over the past three decades
Authors: Dou Xiangyang , Fan Xuanmei , Wang Xin , Fang Chengyong , Lovati Marco , Zou Chengbin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith global warming, changes in glaciers and glacial lakes on the Tibetan Plateau call for a serious inspection. The Southeastern Tibetan Plateau (SETP) is a typical monsoonal marine glacier area that is extremely vulnerable to climate change. It is affected by both humid and warm Indian Ocean currents. Outlines of glaciers and glacial lakes in SETP have been extracted from Landsat satellite images with an automatic extraction method based on image compositing with Google Earth Engine and Random Forest algorithm. Alongside the outlines, meteorological data have been collected from 1990 to 2021. The results show that since 1990 the glacier area of SETP has retreated by about 2165.33 km2 (~25.28%), the glacial lake area has increased by about 36.41 km2 (~21.45%), and their number has increased by 477 (~27.32%). The reliability and scientific validity of this study is proven by comparison with existing glacier inventories. By analyzing the meteorological data, the inverse correlation between the glacier area and temperature has been found. Despite decreases in cumulative precipitation, the glacial lake level rise and consequent area expansion have been observed. A fitting equation for the response pattern of glacier changes to temperature and precipitation change is presented and will provide a basis for future studies.
Survival after induction chemotherapy in locoregional advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Meng Yiyu , Huang Chao , Huang Wu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundInduction chemotherapy (ICT) augmentation is a common strategy for standard concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) of locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The survival condition is a crucial issue for patients with locoregionally advanced NPC. The survival of ICT patients with CCRT treatment versus standard CCRT alone should be elucidated via a systemic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials.MethodsWe compared ICT with CCRT and CCRT alone treatment to determine if ICT with CCRT can be associated with a significant benefit of survival conditions versus CCRT. Different survival indicators were analyzed for the ICT with CCRT. Twelve studies with a total of 3711 patients with locoregionally advanced NPC were enrolled. The focused outcome was the overall survival, progression‐free survival, distant metastasis‐free survival, and locoregional recurrence‐free survival.ResultsOur results showed that ICT with CCRT is associated with a significant benefit for the overall survival status versus CCRT treatment. Similar significant benefits in the survival condition were seen in progression‐free survival, distant metastasis‐free survival, and locoregional recurrence‐free survival.ConclusionsThe updated meta‐analysis results suggest that the ICT with CCRT might be associated with significant benefits of survival in overall, progression‐free, distant metastasis‐free, as well as locoregional recurrence‐free dimensions versus CCRT treatment. However, the bias of different kinds, doses, and regimens of chemotherapy agents and radiotherapy should not be ignored.
Association between depression and tinnitus in US adults: A nationally representative sample
Authors: Lin Xing , Liu Yang , Chen Zhen , Wei Yihan , Lin Jianwei , Chen Chenyu , Lin Wei , Xu Yuanteng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) has not been previously utilized to study the prevalence of tinnitus and depression among adults over 20 years old, nor the impact of tinnitus on depression.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between tinnitus and depression among adults in the United States.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study drew upon data from the 2005–2018 NHANES, incorporating adults aged 20 and older who had completed the tinnitus and depression questionnaire. Depression was assessed using the PHQ‐9 questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression models, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the association between tinnitus and depression.ResultsThis nationally representative study included 10,409 participants, of whom 17.69% reported experiencing tinnitus. The prevalence of depression was 6.2% among those without tinnitus and 15.1% among those with tinnitus (p < .0001). Accounting for potential confounders such as demographic and socioeconomic variables, participants who experienced tinnitus were more likely to exhibit depression symptoms (adjusted odds ratio = 2.0, 95% confidence interval = 1.61–2.48). Subgroup analyses further suggested that tinnitus was associated with an increased prevalence of depression across all subgroups. Sensitivity analysis affirmed these findings.ConclusionsThis study suggests that there is a significant association between tinnitus and the risk of depression in the adult population of the United States, emphasizing the importance of psychological factors in the clinical management of tinnitus.Level of Evidence2b.
Methanogens limited to lower rhizosphere and to an atypical salt marsh niche along a pristine intertidal mangrove continuum
Authors: Euler Sebastian , Jeffrey Luke C. , Maher Damien T. , Johnston Scott G. , Sugimoto Ryo , Tait Douglas R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMangroves are valuable ecosystems that facilitate primary production, carbon sequestration, and regulation of greenhouse gas (GHG) cycles in coastal sediments, with microorganisms playing key roles. Specialized bacteria and archaea compete for energy and resources in mangrove sediments to inhabit optimal ecological niches and can produce or consume methane (CH4)—a potent GHG—in the process. CH4 cycling in mangroves has gained growing attention, yet uncertainties regarding functional and spatial distributions of microorganisms remain. Here, we demonstrate that in a pristine mangrove forest, CH4 concentrations and methanogen communities are concentrated within lower or below rhizosphere depths. We also reveal atypical niches for methanogens in the upper tidal salt marsh zone where vegetation is sparse and highest methanogens abundances were detected at deepest depths (4715 reads g−1) despite relatively high redox potentials (> 250 mV). Pore water CH4 concentrations were highest at the deepest depth within the mangrove forest (max. 3.40 ± 0.21 μM) and coincided with the highest sediment CH4 fluxes (276.4 ± 54.2 μmol m−2d−1) and methanotroph abundances at the surface (1309 reads g−1). Sediment CH4 oxidation fractions between the deepest (60 cm) and shallowest (5 cm) depths were estimated between 18.8% and 64.9%. Positive correlation between crab burrows and CH4 fluxes suggests that CH4 from deeper sediment and salt marsh niches can be transported via conduits to the atmosphere. The spatial data from this study highlights the importance of investigating CH4 dynamics across estuarine ecosystem gradients to better understand the complex roles of vital coastal vegetation zones in the face of a changing climate.
Transforming the untransformable with knockout minicircles: High‐efficiency transformation and vector‐free allelic exchange knockout in the fish pathogen Photobacterium damselae
Authors: Rudenko Oleksandra , Baseggio Laura , McGuigan Fynn , Barnes Andrew C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGene inactivation studies are critical in pathogenic bacteria, where insights into species biology can guide the development of vaccines and treatments. Allelic exchange via homologous recombination is a generic method of targeted gene editing in bacteria. However, generally applicable protocols are lacking, and suboptimal approaches are often used for nonstandard but epidemiologically important species. Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Pdp) is a primary pathogen of fish in aquaculture and has been considered hard to transform since the mid‐1990s. Consequently, conjugative transfer of RK2/RP4 suicide vectors from Escherichia coli S17‐1/SM10 donor strains, a system prone to off‐target mutagenesis, was used to deliver the allelic exchange DNA in previous studies. Here we have achieved efficient electrotransformation in Pdp using a salt‐free highly concentrated sucrose solution, which performs as a hypertonic wash buffer, cryoprotectant, and electroporation buffer. High‐efficiency transformation has enabled vector‐free mutagenesis for which we have employed circular minimalistic constructs (knockout minicircles) containing only allelic exchange essentials that were generated by Gibson assembly. Preparation of competent cells using sucrose and electroporation/integration of minicircles had virtually no detectable off‐target promutagenic effect. In contrast, a downstream sacB selection apparently induced several large deletions via mobilization of transposable elements. Electroporation of minicircles into sucrose‐treated cells is a versatile broadly applicable approach that may facilitate allelic exchange in a wide range of microbial species. The method permitted inactivation of a primary virulence factor unique to Pdp, apoptogenic toxin AIP56, demonstrating the efficacy of minicircles for difficult KO targets located on the high copy number of small plasmids.
Protumorigenic role of the atypical cadherin FAT1 by the suppression of PDCD10 via RelA/miR221‐3p/222‐3p axis in glioblastoma
Authors: Malik Nargis , Kundu Archismita , Gupta Yakhlesh , Irshad Khushboo , Arora Manvi , Goswami Sanjeev , Mahajan Swati , Sarkar Chitra , Suri Vaishali , Suri Ashish , Chattopadhyay Parthaprasad , Sinha Subrata , Chosdol Kunzang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe atypical cadherin FAT1 function either as a pro or antitumorigenic in tumors of different tissue origins. Our group previously demonstrated the protumorigenic nature of FAT1 signaling in glioblastoma (GBM). In this study, we investigated how FAT1 influences the expression of clustered oncomiRs (miR‐221‐3p/miR‐222‐3p) and their downstream effects in GBM. Through several experiments involving the measurement of specific gene/microRNA expression, gene knockdowns, protein and cellular assays, we have demonstrated a novel oncogenic signaling pathway mediated by FAT1 in glioma. These results have been verified using antimiRs and miR‐mimic assays. Initially, in glioma‐derived cell lines (U87MG and LN229), we observed FAT1 as a novel up‐regulator of the transcription factor NFκB‐RelA. RelA then promotes the expression of the clustered‐oncomiRs, miR‐221‐3p/miR‐222‐3p, which in turn suppresses the expression of the tumor suppressor gene (TSG), PDCD10 (Programmed cell death protein10). The suppression of PDCD10, and other known TSG targets (PTEN/PUMA), by miR‐221‐3p/miR‐222‐3p, leads to increased clonogenicity, migration, and invasion of glioma cells. Consistent with our in‐vitro findings, we observed a positive expression correlation of FAT1 and miR‐221‐3p, and an inverse correlation of FAT1 and the miR‐targets (PDCD10/PTEN/PUMA), in GBM tissue‐samples. These findings were also supported by publicly available GBM databases (The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA] and The Repository of Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data [Rembrandt]). Patients with tumors displaying high levels of FAT1 and miR‐221‐3p expression (50% and 65% respectively) experienced shorter overall survival. Similar results were observed in the TCGA‐GBM database. Thus, our findings show a novel FAT1/RelA/miR‐221/miR‐222 oncogenic‐effector pathway that downregulates the TSG, PDCD10, in GBM, which could be targeted therapeutically in a specific manner.
Identifying Ferroptosis‐Related Genes Associated with Weight Loss Outcomes and Regulation of Adipocyte Microenvironment
Authors: Li Wanyang , Xu Hanyuan , Li Yao , Shi Xiaodong , Ma Zhaotian , Yang Fan , Chen Wei 
Published: August 2023

ScopeThe study is about the influence of ferroptosis‐related genes combined with the immune microenvironment exerted on weight control outcomes and systematic analysis.Methods and resultsSubcutaneous adipose tissue (sWAT) samples from 11 subjects with good outcome and 10 subjects with poor outcome in weight management are obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The results are validated in vivo in animal models with different weight loss outcomes. The CIBERSORT algorithm is used to evaluate the differences in immune cell infiltration in each sample. Patients with poor outcome have higher levels of ferroptosis in the adipose tissue. Remarkable differences in cytokine production, nuclear factor kappa‐B(NF‐κB) transcription factor activity, leukocyte migration involved in the inflammatory response, and other biological processes are also observed compared to that in the well‐controlled group. Aldo‐keto reductase family 1‐member C1(AKR1C1), nuclear receptor coactivator 4(NCOA4), and glutamate‐cysteine ligase catalytic subunit(GCLC) are identified as core predictive markers and their expression patterns are confirmed in animal models.ConclusionsFerroptosis and its mediated inflammation play an important role in long‐term weight control, and analyses of the role of ferroptosis‐related genes(FRGs) in weight control may provide new potential therapeutic targets for long‐term weight control. Anti‐inflammatory diets that mitigate inflammatory responses and affect ferroptosis may be considered in the future to improve weight control.
A novel large‐signal GaN HEMT modeling based on harmonic mean
Authors: Fang Heng , Chen Yang , Liang Yan , Zhang Yong , Xu Yuehang , Xu Ruimin , Yan Bo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA novel large signal compact modeling for GaN HEMT has been proposed in this paper, and the harmonic mean is used to simulate the I‐V curves, combining the saturation and the linear region. The traditional compact modelings has two typical forms, the empirical modeling and the physical modeling. The empirical modeling is accurate and fast, but lacking the physical meaning. On the contrary, the physical modeling derived from the physical equation, is more complex, with the low speed and the poor convergence. This novel modeling inherently has both advantages, the fast speed, and so forth, and the physical meaning. The saturation region covers the most states of the power amplifiers, and Chih‐Tang Sah equation with clear physical meanings is adopted in this region. In linear region, on the contrary, the current varies more steeply with the voltage, and thus the empirical formula is used.