bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4. The Organisation of Digitisation
Authors: Cöster Mathias , Danielson Mats , Ekenberg Love , Gullberg Cecilia , Titlestad Gard , Westelius Alf , Wettergren Gunnar 
Published: August 2023

Whilst digitisation is far from a new concept, many assume that simply introducing automation and information systems in various forms will be enough to make their organisation’s operations more efficient. This misconception can often lead to disarray and costly mistakes. Digital Transformation: Understanding Business Goals, Risks, Processes, and Decisions shows how to avoid such issues via careful consideration of what an enterprise really needs.
Unlike many other books on digital transformation, the authors do not dwell on database design or the details of implementing information systems. Instead, they emphasise the importance of a clear understanding of all aspects of an organisation in order to effectively implement and manage digital systems, from business goals and strategies to structuring information and making decisions, risk assessments, project management, organising, and procuring services and products.
Organised in eleven chapters, and drawing on examples from all over the world, this book will be of interest to university students of business administration, management, information systems, and computer science, as well as practitioners seeking to better understand how to handle digital transformation in their own organisation.
7. Probability and Risk Management
Authors: Cöster Mathias , Danielson Mats , Ekenberg Love , Gullberg Cecilia , Titlestad Gard , Westelius Alf , Wettergren Gunnar 
Published: August 2023

Whilst digitisation is far from a new concept, many assume that simply introducing automation and information systems in various forms will be enough to make their organisation’s operations more efficient. This misconception can often lead to disarray and costly mistakes. Digital Transformation: Understanding Business Goals, Risks, Processes, and Decisions shows how to avoid such issues via careful consideration of what an enterprise really needs.
Unlike many other books on digital transformation, the authors do not dwell on database design or the details of implementing information systems. Instead, they emphasise the importance of a clear understanding of all aspects of an organisation in order to effectively implement and manage digital systems, from business goals and strategies to structuring information and making decisions, risk assessments, project management, organising, and procuring services and products.
Organised in eleven chapters, and drawing on examples from all over the world, this book will be of interest to university students of business administration, management, information systems, and computer science, as well as practitioners seeking to better understand how to handle digital transformation in their own organisation.
The Cyber Intimate Partner Violence: Prevalence, Context, and Relationship With In-Person Intimate Violence Victimization
Authors: Damra Jalal Kayed. , Abujilban Sanaa , Akour Mutasem Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to examine the extent and characteristics of cyber intimate partner violence (IPV) and in-person IPV (IP-IPV) in a sample of 214 women aged 18–60 years in Jordan. A cross-sectional, correlational design was implemented, using the Cyber Aggression in Relationships and Revised Conflict Tactics Scales to evaluate both in-person and cyber IPV. The findings revealed that 65.4% of participants reported experiencing some form of cyber IPV, while 98.7% reported experiencing IP-IPV within the previous six months. Some demographic factors were linked to the prevalence of two cyber IPV types (cyber-stalking and cyber psychological aggression). Psychological and physical abuse were the most prevalent forms of IP-IPV. Exposure to cyber IPV was a predictor of psychological, physical, and injury types of IP-IPV. Overall, this study highlights the alarming prevalence of both IP-IPV and cyber IPV against women in Jordan and their interrelatedness
Comparison of the blink reflex in classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Bjerring Bettina , Maarbjerg Stine , Heinskou Tone , Bendtsen Lars , Nikolic Miki , Grillo Valentina , De Icco Roberto , Schytz Henrik Winther 
Published: August 2023

Background Previous findings indicate that the blink reflex is useful to distinguish between primary (classical/idiopathic) and secondary trigeminal neuralgia. No prior studies have investigated whether the blink reflex could identify differences in electrophysiological responses between classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. With this in mind, we investigated the blink reflex in a cohort of classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia patients. Methods Participants were consecutively enrolled in the study. According to magnetic resonance imaging findings, the patients were subgrouped into either classical or idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. Assessors were blinded to the subgroup and pain side, and the blink reflex was examined to assess R1 and R2 latencies, as well as the area under the curve. Results The study group constituted of 55 patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia: 25 patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia and 30 patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. None of the blink reflex latencies (R1 and R2) or the area under the curve significantly differed between the two subgroups when adjusted for age and sex ( p > 0.05). Conclusions Our findings suggest that the blink reflex cannot be used to differentiate classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia patients, and that both subgroups may share common pathophysiological mechanisms. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05328661.
Association of Grit With Postoperative Knee Outcomes and Physical Function After ACL Reconstruction in Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Armento Aubrey , Keeter Carson , Gagliardi Alexia , Rossing Hannah , Giachino Claire , VandenBerg Curtis , Howell David , Albright Jay 
Published: August 2023

Background: Grit is the disposition to strive for long-term goals despite setbacks and challenges. Given the lengthy, arduous process of rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), an athlete's grit may predict postoperative outcomes across time. Purpose/Hypothesis: The primary aim of the study was to evaluate the relationships between baseline (preoperative) grit and postoperative knee outcomes across the year after ACLR among adolescents. We hypothesized that athletes with more grit would achieve better postoperative outcomes over time than less gritty athletes. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: All participants completed the Short Grit Scale, the Pediatric International Knee Documentation Committee (Pedi-IKDC) Scale, the Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) pediatric scale for pain interference and mobility, the Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (HSS Pedi-FABS), and the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (NeuroQoL) Lower Extremity Function Short Form at a preoperative appointment and then again at approximately 3, 6, and 12 months after ACLR. We constructed linear mixed models to assess the relationships between baseline grit, time, age, sex, and postoperative outcome measures (statistical significance of α = .05). Results: We included 137 participants (mean age 15.8 ± 2.74 years, 70% female) from a prospective registry of athletes undergoing ACLR by 1 surgeon at a single institution. There were no statistically significant changes in grit over time or differences in grit between age and sex. Higher baseline grit was significantly associated with greater postoperative HSS Pedi-FABS scores (β = 3.72 ± 1.46; P = .01; 95% CI, 0.85-6.59) and NeuroQoL scores across time (β = 3.37 ± 0.93; P < .001; 95% CI, 1.55-5.20). There were no significant associations between baseline grit and Pedi-IKDC, Lysholm, and PROMIS pain interference or mobility scores. Conclusion: Athletes with higher baseline grit reported superior postoperative physical function and activity level over the course of 1 year after ACLR compared with less gritty athletes. Grit may be a useful measure in predicting success in regaining physical function across time after ACLR in adolescent athletes.
How has Covid-19 impacted the training of Urology trainees in South Wales?
Authors: Rashid Mustafa , Steggall Martin , Brown Gareth 
Published: August 2023

Objectives: To determine whether Covid19 had a tangible effect on urology training in Wales. There has been no Welsh data available concerning how training has changed during the covid pandemic. This survey evaluated the overall impact on training, with the primary aims to identify changes in clinical and academic activities and evaluate a trainees’ wellbeing during the crisis. Materials and methods: Online questionnaires were sent to all Urology Trainees; n = 20 (83% response) working in the Welsh deanery in the United Kingdom, asking about changes in training particularly within operating list, out-patient clinics, diagnostic activities, educational courses, teaching sessions and examinations. Results: Across Wales trainees experienced a reduction in operating procedures, clinics and teaching courses. Due to a redesign of services, there was only a minimal impact on training for cancer diagnostics and Multi-Disciplinary Team (MDT) meetings. The majority of trainees felt their index procedures and ability to complete training will be affected. Conclusion: Cancer work, including cancer related theatre lists, diagnostics and MDT were maintained. Trainees lacked confidence that they would reach their operative competencies and struggle to successfully complete training. Following BAPIO discussion, we suggest that training programmes readjust to focus on areas where exposure has been lacking.
Effect of plasma treatment of wood fiber on the wettability, dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene composite panels
Authors: Poudineh Moadab Saeed , Dahmardeh Ghalehno Mohammad , Kord Behzad , Shamsian Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

This work evaluates the effect of plasma treatment on the wettability, dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of compression-molded composite panels produced from wood fiber (WF) and polypropylene (PP). Initially, WF was treated with different plasma durations (60, 120, and 180 s radiation). Afterward, the contact angle, moisture uptake, storage modulus, loss modulus, damping loss, and weight loss of the specimens prepared from untreated and plasma-treated were evaluated. Results revealed that the plasma treatment facilitates the interactions between WF and PP, and increases the adhesion properties. Compared with the lowest contact angle of 74.8° for the untreated specimens, the highest contact angle was found in the treated specimens around 79.06°, 81.29°, and 82.7°, using 60 and 15 using 180 s plasma radiations. Furthermore, the water absorption of the specimens reduced as a result of plasma treatment. The plasma-treated specimens demonstrated better molecular restriction and larger dynamic modulus than the unmodified ones. The tan δ peak signifying the glass transition temperature of composites shifted to a higher temperature, in the presence of plasma treatment. It was noted that the thermal stability of the composite panels produced from plasma-treated wood was remarkably improved.
Partial replacement of d-glucose with d-allose ameliorates peritoneal injury and hyperglycaemia induced by peritoneal dialysis fluid in rats
Authors: Ozaki Taro , Fu Hai Ying , Onishi Keisuke , Yokoyama Shota , Fujita Takuro , Tobiume Atsushi , Sofue Tadashi , Akimitsu Kazuya , Minamino Tetsuo 
Published: August 2023

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a crucial dialysis method for treating end-stage kidney disease. However, its use is restricted due to high glucose-induced peritoneal injury and hyperglycaemia, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus. In this study, we investigated whether partially replacing d-glucose with the rare sugar d-allose could ameliorate peritoneal injury and hyperglycaemia induced by peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF). Methods: Rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) were exposed to a medium containing d-glucose or d-glucose partially replaced with different concentrations of d-allose. Cell viability, oxidative stress and cytokine production were evaluated. Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were administrated saline, a PDF containing 4% d-glucose (PDF-G4.0%) or a PDF containing 3.6% d-glucose and 0.4% d-allose (PDF-G3.6%/A0.4%) once a day for 4 weeks. Peritoneal injury and PD efficiency were assessed using immuno-histological staining and peritoneal equilibration test, respectively. Blood glucose levels were measured over 120 min following a single injection of saline or PDFs to 24-h fasted SD rats. Results: In RPMCs, the partial replacement of d-glucose with d-allose increased cell viability and decreased oxidative stress and cytokine production compared to d-glucose alone. Despite the PDF-G3.6%/A0.4% having a lower d-glucose concentration compared to PDF-G4.0%, there were no significant changes in osmolality. When administered to SD rats, the PDF-G3.6%/A0.4% suppressed the elevation of peritoneal thickness and blood d-glucose levels induced by PDF-G4.0%, without impacting PD efficiency. Conclusions: Partial replacement of d-glucose with d-allose ameliorated peritoneal injury and hyperglycaemia induced by high concentration of d-glucose in PDF, indicating that d-allose could be a potential treatment option in PD.
Echocardiographic Predictors of Hospital Outcomes in Preterm Neonates with Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Clinical Suspicion of Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Graff Kirsten , Ross Julie R. , Morella Kristen , Chowdhury Shahryar M. 
Published: August 2023

Background Preterm neonates often have an echocardiogram performed in the first few days of life for suspicion of pulmonary hypertension and patent ductus arteriosus. The usefulness of this echocardiogram in predicting outcomes in this population are unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between initial echocardiographic assessment and hospital outcomes in preterm neonates with patent ductus arteriosus and clinical suspicion of pulmonary hypertension. Methods Premature neonates (<37 weeks gestational age) with patent ductus arteriosus and clinical suspicion of pulmonary hypertension born at our institution or transferred within 48 hours of life were included in this single center retrospective study. The primary outcome was in-hospital extracorporeal membrane oxygenation utilization or mortality. Results 86 patients were included. Median age at echocardiogram was 2 days (interquartile range 1,7), gestational age was 27 weeks (interquartile range 25,32), and birth weight was 878 grams (interquartile range 650,1818). 15 patients (17%) met the primary outcome. Larger patent ductus arteriosus size ( p = .03), patent foramen ovale flow that was bidirectional or right to left ( p = .047), and right atrial volume ( p = .04) were independently associated with the primary outcome. Conclusion Larger patent ductus arteriosus size, bidirectional or right to left flow at the patent foramen ovale, and lower right atrial volume are independently associated with in-hospital mortality. These findings on the initial echocardiogram of a preterm neonate can be used to risk stratify these patients for elevated risk for in-hospital extracorporeal membrane oxygenation utilization or mortality.
Evaluating Prenatal Diagnostic Imaging for Micrognathia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fields Caroline M. , Poupore Nicolas S. , Taniguchi April N. , Smaily Hussein , Nguyen Shaun A. , Cuff Ryan D. , Pecha Phayvanh P. , Carroll William W. 
Published: August 2023

Objective Studies evaluating the ability to diagnose and accurately predict the severity of micrognathia prenatally have yielded inconsistent results. This review aimed to evaluate reliability of prenatal diagnostic imaging in the diagnosis and characterization of micrognathia. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting Studies with a prenatal diagnosis of micrognathia via ultrasound with a confirmatory postnatal examination were included. Prenatal severity was defined with and without mandibular measurements. Extent of airway obstruction at birth was defined by level of intervention required. Meta-analyses of proportions and relative risk were performed. Patients A total of 16 studies with 2753 neonates were included. Main Outcome Measures Primary outcome was the efficacy of characterizing the degree of micrognathia on prenatal imaging as it relates to respiratory obstruction at birth. Secondary outcome was the accuracy of prenatal diagnosis with the utilization of mandibular measurements versus without. Results Performing meta-analysis of proportions, the proportion of missed prenatal diagnoses of micrognathia made without mandibular measurements was 11.62% (95%CI 2.58-25.94). Utilizing mandibular measurements, the proportion of cases missed were statistically lower (0.20% [95%CI 0.00-0.70]). Patients determined to have severe micrognathia by prenatal imaging did not have a statistically significant increase in risk for more severe respiratory obstruction at birth (RR 3.13 [95%CI 0.59-16.55], P = .180). Conclusion The proportion micrognathia cases missed when prenatal diagnosis was made without mandibular measurements was over 1 in 10, with mandibular measures improving accuracy. This study highlights the need for a uniform objective criterion to improve prenatal diagnosis and planning for postnatal care.
A Systematic Review: Early Simultaneous Vomer Flap with Primary Cleft Lip Repair, Does it Bring More Benefits?
Authors: Putri Indri Lakhsmi , Widiono Evan Savero , Liana Stephanie , Ruberto Sandro , Dyah Kencono Wungu Citrawati 
Published: August 2023

Introduction Vomer flap is a technique to close cleft lip and palate. This technique is a simple procedure that has many benefits. However, the vomer flap's application together with primary lip closure is still questionable. Objective To find out whether the vomer flap's application in primary cleft lip repair can provide significant benefits Design A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA methodology has been licensed in PROSPERO databases (CRD42023399487). Setting A comprehensive search was set out, utilizing eight data sources up to March 2023. Participants Both cohort studies and randomized control trials regarding the use of vomer flaps performed concurrently with cleft lip repair in children up to six months old. Results This article involved 8 studies involving 542 patients who met the inclusion criteria, consisting of 6 retrospective cohort studies, 1 RCT study, and 1 prospective cohort study. Vomer flaps provide a reduction in palatal cleft distance of 3–5 mm, a relatively small number of fistulas (0–4%), improvement of velopharyngeal function (nasal tone and nasal emission), maximal development of the maxilla although it is still controversial. Conclusion The vomer flap's application in primary cleft lip repair provides many advantages, such as reduced palatal and alveolar clefts, decreased risk of oronasal fistula, increased velopharyngeal function, and increased maxillary growth. It is reliable for the management of cleft lip and palate.
Modified extremum seeking controller for hydraulic turbine speed control
Authors: Rizwan Mohsin , Mushtaq Ahmad Haseeb 
Published: August 2023

In the past, researchers have done various attempts to improve hydraulic turbine precise speed control and use synchronization time between turbine/generator to grid as a test bench. These attempts were either based on improving the instant when phase difference between two systems becomes zero or to control speed precisely using mathematical model-based techniques. Due to highly nonlinear nature of the hydro turbines, the models presented in the past were never perfect. In this research work, a model free approach is adopted to improve the precise speed control of hydraulic turbines. The developed model free system outperformed old model-based techniques in both stable as well as unstable grids. As per results obtained, grid instability had negligible effect on the speed control and synchronization time. The developed system is able control the hydro turbine speed during synchronization up to a 5 mHz level.
Study on the influence of wheel inertia and longitudinal/lateral creep force on the corrugated wear on the metro curved track
Authors: Wu Bowen , Wang Wenjing , Tang Tiancheng , Pan Jiabao , Zhang Rongyun , Ye Dongdong , Xu Rui 
Published: August 2023

Corrugated wear on the metro curved track was studied. Dynamic analysis was implemented to analyze the effects of the vehicle speed and the curve radius on the wheel-rail creep forces. A mixed Lagrangian/Eulerian description-based finite element model of a wheel/rail system was set up. The wheel inertia can be considered in this model. Moreover, the steady rolling of the wheel under different creepage for braking or traction can be simulated. The complex eigenvalue analysis is used to investigate the frequency-domain characteristics of the friction-induced vibration of the wheel/rail system under the steady-state curving of the wheel. The initiation of the corrugation under the friction-induced vibration of the wheel/rail system was studied. The effects of the creep forces in the longitudinal and lateral directions on the friction-induced vibration of the wheel/rail system were revealed. The results show the dominant cause of the corrugation on the low rail surface is the friction-induced vibration of the wheel/rail system at about 320 Hz. The friction-induced vibration on the side of the high rail is not easy to occur. Therefore, the corrugated wear hardly happens to the high rail. The corrugated wear caused by the friction-induced vibration is frequency-fixed. It is necessary to consider the wheel inertia in the study of the friction-induced vibration of the wheel/rail system. Without considering wheel inertia, missing prediction of the friction-induced vibration and overestimation of the occurrence probability and development speed of the corrugation may occur. The lateral creep force plays a leading role in the friction-induced vibration of the wheel/rail system, while the longitudinal creep force has little effect on the friction-induced vibration. The corrugated wear will become more serious as the curve radius becomes smaller.