bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular complications in coronavirus disease-2019 patients
Authors: Parikh Nirav , Patel Hasmukh , Prajapti Deepal , Chauhan Ankit , Prajapati Mrugesh , Patel Ramesh , Pandya Himani , Arora Varun , Dhawalikar Deepti 
Published: May 2023

Background and Aims:
Cardiovascular (CV) complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are neither well-defined nor comprehensively characterized. Hence, long-term studies are required to monitor silent but progressive CV complications postrecovery in COVID-19 patients. Our aim of the study was to assess and determine the presence of CV morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted at our institute. All COVID-19-positive patients who were admitted in the intensive care unit during April 3, 2020–May 23, 2021, were recruited for the study. A total of 1460 patients were enrolled and monitored until discharge/death. Patients were evaluated based on demographics, clinical data, and laboratory values and 42 patients among them underwent coronary angiography for an adequate understanding of CV complications.

Results:
The total reported deaths among the study sample were 453 (31%). Common preexisting clinical conditions among them were hypertension 520 (35.6%), diabetes 211 (14.45%), CV disease 88 (6.02%), and hypothyroidism 61 (4.17%). A total of 149 patients displayed elevated creatine phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB) levels, while 141 patients displayed elevated hs-TnI levels. The absolute rise of cardiac troponin (hs-TnI) and CPK-MB displayed a technically positive correlation, but a weaker relationship (r: 0.2113, P < 0.01 for correlation). Twenty-two out of 42 patients showed the presence of single/multivessel disease and 31 patients displayed mild-to-severe left ventricular dysfunction.

Conclusions:
The results of the current study provide evidence for the risk and burden of CV complications among COVID-19 patients. Hence, attention to long-term CV health and disease among COVID-19 survivors is necessary.
Comparison of safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine, midazolam and propofol for elective fiberoptic bronchoscopy
Authors: Chouhan Priya , Gupta Shruti , Kohli Anita Vig , Kour Rajdeep 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Sedatives are used to improve the efficacy of fiberoptic bronchoscopy. This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine, midazolam, and propofol for elective fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and twenty patients of either gender aged between 18 and 80 years, belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists Grade I–III and requiring fiberoptic bronchoscopy, were randomly assigned in three groups of 40 patients each. Patients in Group D received intravenous dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg; in Group M, received IV midazolam 0.05 mg/kg; and in Group P, received IV propofol 1.5 mg/kg before the start of bronchoscopy. Parameters such as composite score, ease of bronchoscopy, and adverse effects during the procedure were assessed and analyzed statistically.

Results:
Patients receiving dexmedetomidine showed significantly better tolerance and cooperation with ideal mean composite score compared to those receiving propofol and midazolam (P < 0.001). Bronchoscopist scoring showed significantly better ease of bronchoscopy in patients receiving dexmedetomidine compared to other two groups (P < 0.001). Adverse effects during the procedure were least in dexmedetomidine group compared to other two groups.

Conclusion:
Dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg) provided a better sedation and comfort, better bronchoscopist satisfaction, and least adverse effect during elective fiberoptic bronchoscopy compared to midazolam (0.05 mg/kg) and propofol (1.5 mg/kg).
Alleviating hemodynamic response to tracheal extubation
Authors: Gaidhankar Neha T. , Mohan K. Chandra , Kumar R. Arun , Kumar Amar Nandha 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Tracheal extubation is a crucial step during general anesthesia involving the removal of artificial airway when the indication for its placement no longer exists. Airway and circulatory interferences could be due to diminished tolerance to the tracheal tube, catecholamine surge, surgical pain, and airway irritation on behalf of suctioning or change in posture of the tube. Complications are more common during extubation than that occurring during induction and intubation.

Aim:
The main aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of a single dose of dexmedetomidine and lignocaine in alleviating hemodynamic and stress responses during extubation and recovery.

Materials and Methodology:
Sixty patients of the age group between 20 and 65 years belonging to ASA 1 and 2 undergoing elective surgical procedures with a minimum anticipated duration of 60 min requiring endotracheal intubation were included in the study. The patients were assigned randomly into two groups with 30 participants in each group and were called as Group D receiving dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg and Group L receiving lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg.

Observation and Results:
Data were statistically analyzed with the SPSS version 20.0 software. Independent t-test analysis was used, and all the statistical test was examined with P ≤ 0.05 level of significance. Hemodynamic response was noted as more significant in Group D, whereas emergence and extubation time was noted sooner in Group L.

Conclusion:
We conclude that Dexmedetomidine 0.5 mcg/kg causes significant attenuation of hemodynamic stress response and deeper sedation when compared to lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg.
Comparative assessment of different doses of midazolam to prevent etomidate-induced myoclonus – A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Manish Lokman , Gulabani Michell , Mohta Medha , Chilkoti Geetanjali T 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Etomidate is a popular induction agent, due to its several advantages for example, an extremely stable hemodynamic profile with no effects on sympathetic nervous system and baroreceptors, minimal effect on respiration and also prevents histamine release in healthy patients or in those with reactive airway disease. It, however, may be associated with myoclonus whose incidence has been reported as 50%–80% in nonpremedicated patients. Ideally, a pretreatment drug for preventing myoclonic movements should be short acting, not have significant effects on respiration and hemodynamics, and not prolong recovery from anesthesia. Midazolam has been used as a pretreatment to attenuate myoclonus in different doses with varied results, but the optimal dose has not been established. The present study was planned to compare the effect of three doses of midazolam, i.e., 0.015 mg/kg, 0.03 mg/kg, and 0.05 mg/kg in preventing etomidate-induced myoclonus.

Materials and Methods:
This study comprised 164 American Society of Anesthesiologists I/II consenting patients between 18 and 60 years. They were randomly divided into four groups after which pretreatment with normal saline in group M0, midazolam 0.015 mg/kg in group M0.015, 0.03 mg/kg in group M0.03, and 0.05 mg/kg in group M0.05 was administered. The primary outcome was the incidence of myoclonus after etomidate. The secondary outcome measures included severity of myoclonus and changes in hemodynamic parameters. One-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni's correction was used to compare quantitative data. Chi-square test was applied for qualitative data. Further, as there were four groups with multiple comparisons, Bonferroni's correction was applied and P < 0.01 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
We observed a significant reduction in the incidence of myoclonus of group M0.015 as compared to group M0 (P < 0.001). A significant reduction in severity of myoclonus was observed in all the three midazolam groups compared to the control group (P < 0.001) without any significance among the patients receiving different doses of midazolam.

Conclusion:
We recommend using midazolam pretreatment in a dose of 0.015 mg/kg for prevention of etomidate-induced myoclonus.
Uniform bound on the number of partitions for optimal configurations of the Ohta–Kawasaki energy in 3D
Authors: Lu Xin Yang , Wei Jun-cheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe study a 3D ternary system which combines an interface energy with a long-range interaction term. Several such systems were derived as a sharp-interface limit of the Nakazawa–Ohta density functional theory of triblock copolymers. Both the binary case in 2D and 3D, and the ternary case in 2D, are quite well understood, whereas very little is known about the ternary case in 3D. In particular, it is even unclear whether minimizers are made of finitely many components. In this paper, we provide a positive answer to this, by proving that the number of components in a minimizer is bounded from above by a computable quantity depending only on the total masses and the interaction coefficients. There are two key difficulties, namely, the impossibility to decouple the long-range interaction from the perimeter term, and the absence of a quantitative isoperimetric inequality with two mass constraints in 3D. Therefore, the actual shape of minimizers is unknown, even for small masses, making the construction of suitable competing configurations significantly more delicate.
From Being Literate about Health to Becoming Capable of Achieving Health: Health literacy capabilities of Zimbabwean school youth
Authors: Micklesson Martin , Usai Tecklah , Chinofunga Dorothy , Oljans Emma 
Published: May 2023

Food security is an enduring sustainability challenge in the Southern African region. Food availability, accessibility and affordability have profound health impacts and affect the quality of life of a substantial proportion of the world’s population. This article aims to explore, together with students in educational settings, questions about the relationships between food and health, including the contextual conditions of food availability, accessibility and affordability. This provides opportunities to re-embody food by contextualising it as part of natural and built environments, thus engaging with how challenges of human health intersect with animal and environmental health. The research centres on co-creating knowledge with youth based on their valued beings and doings about health and considers how their health goals relate to food and the sustainability challenges of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). By considering how youths’ understandings, evaluations and decisions regarding health, including setting health goals, intersect with the determinants of food, we come to consider their health literacy capabilities to achieve nonpredetermined health goals that align with their valued beings and doings. As such, the implementation gap between knowing and doing is bridged through practices of health and well-being contextually grounded in the lives and experiences of the student youth.
Keywords: health literacy, health education, capabilities approach, antimicrobial resistance, knowledge co-creation
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) for primary spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK): a systematic review.
Authors: Saccone Luca , Franceschetti Edoardo , Campi Stefano , Za Pierangelo , Zampogna Biagio , Esposito Carlo , Papalia Giuseppe Francesco , Papapietro Nicola , Papalia Rocco 
Published: May 2023

Introduction The role of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK) is still controversial. Materials and methods We performed a systematic review to evaluate all available current literature on UKA in the setting of SONK. A comprehensive electronic research was performed using the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases with keywords related to SONK and knee arthroplasty. Studies were selected with predetermined inclusion criteria: 1) studies that specifically assessed SONK treated with UKA; 2) studies reporting implant survival rate and global clinical outcomes; 3) studies with a minimum follow up of 1 year. We excluded articles not written in English, articles that did not differentiate between primary and secondary osteonecrosis and articles published before 2000. Results The overall research process produced 19 studies. We extrapolated data of a total of 717 unicompartimental knee arthroplasty procedures (1,39% lateral UKA, 98,61% medial UKA). Extracted data include years of follow-up, patient demographics, laterality of lesion, radiological findings, unicompartimental knee arthroplasty implants, reason of revision, revision rate, maximum knee flexion, knee clinical outcomes score, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The data collected show that UKA had acceptable survival rates as well as revision rates and good clinical outcomes both in the short- and long-term. Conclusion UKA is an optimal treatment choice for primary SONK when correctly indicated in a carefully selected subset of patients, with no significant difference compared to osteoarthritis. Attention must be paid to distinguish the primary from secondary SONK, as the latter could lead to worse outcomes.
Mechanisms of bone loss in revision total knee arthroplasty and current treatment options
Authors: Jabbal Monu , Simpson A Hamish RW , Walmsley Phil 
Published: May 2023

Purpose Primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective treatment which is increasing in use for both elderly and younger patients. With the overall increasing life span of the general population, the rate of revision TKA is projected to increase significantly over the coming decades. Analyses from the national joint registry of England and Wales support this prediction with an increase in primary TKA of 117% and an increase in revision TKA of 332% being forecast by 2030. Bone loss presents a challenge in revision TKA so an understanding of the aetiology and principles behind this is essential for the surgeon undertaking revision. The purpose of this article is to review the causes of bone loss in revision TKA, discuss the mechanisms of each cause and discuss the possible treatment options. Methods The Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute (AORI) classification and zonal classification of bone loss are commonly used in assessing bone loss in pre-operative planning and will be used in this review. The recent literature was searched to find advantages and limitations of each commonly used method to address bone loss at revision TKA. Studies with the highest number or patients and longest follow-up period were selected as significant. Search terms were: “aetiology of bone loss”, “revision total knee arthroplasty”, “management of bone loss” Results Methods for managing bone loss have traditionally been cement augmentation, impaction bone grafting, bulk structural bone graft and stemmed implants with metal augments. No single technique was found to be superior. Megaprostheses have a role as a salvage procedure when the bone loss is deemed to be too significant for reconstruction. Metaphyseal cones and sleeves are a newer treatments with promising medium to long term outcomes. Conclusion Bone loss encountered at revision TKA presents a significant challenge. No single technique currently has clear superiority treatment should be based on a sound understanding of the underlying principles.
transhumanismo, un paradigma para el análisis de habitar y la vivienda post pandemia
Authors: Hernández Omaña Jonathan , De Hoyos Martínez Jesús Enrique , Arellano Vázquez Diego Armando 
Published: May 2023

En la actualidad, el paradigma del diseño y la construc­ción de la vivienda es abordado bajo esquemas de aná­lisis económicos y medio ambientales. Sin embargo, esta temática tiene riesgos fundamentales, tales como la identificación del origen de la problemática en aspectos esenciales como la concepción del habitar y la manera en la que esta acción conforma los espacios y los sistemas de intervención y apropiación del ambiente. La pandemia producto del brote covid-19 ha generado circunstancias en las que el confinamiento y las normativas de distanciamiento social han eviden­cia­do las limitantes del paradigma actual en muchos as­pec­tos, particularmente uno de los más importantes: el diseño de viviendas. El presente artículo pretende explorar y analizar el paradigma moderno de la vivienda, así como las problemáticas que han emergido durante la pandemia, y presentar un nuevo paradig­ma basado en la implantación de enfoques que buscan explorar opciones para redefinir la condición humana a través del conocimiento y la tecnología mediante el transhu­manismo, planteado aquí como una alternativa para superar las limitantes y perjuicios de la era moderna; así como evitar la búsqueda de absolutos utilitarios en el campo de la construcción del habitar humano.
bioconstrucción en Latinoamérica: una redención ante la crisis por pandemia
Authors: Solano Meneses Eska Elena , Moretti Testa Antonio Mariano 
Published: May 2023

La pandemia por covid-19 ha incrementado la crisis económica, social y ambiental que viven los países latinoamericanos. La bioconstrucción se propone como una manera de redimir o rescatar al planeta de su emi­nente devastación a través del impulso de materiales y técnicas naturales locales poco contaminantes. En con­traste, la construcción convencional de concreto arma­do o tabique cocido genera el 39% del efecto invernadero, consecuencia del traslado de los materiales, su cocción o por el uso de maquinaria, por lo que es importante reducirla.
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la bioconstruc­ción como una propuesta para promover hábitats dig­nos, así como para disminuir la emisión de gases contaminantes en países latinoamericanos. La metodología se apoya en el análisis de la bioconstrucción considerando indicadores como su impacto o alcance, la proyección o escalabilidad, la innovación y el presupuesto apoyados en experiencias empíricas en casos desarro­llados en países como Bolivia, Perú y Argentina.
Los resultados muestran ventajas en las obras reali­zadas con base en la bioconstrucción, resaltando los be­neficios en cuanto a duración, eficiencia, humedad y temperatura. Se concluye que la bioconstrucción representa una oportunidad en los países latinoamerica­nos para enfrentar la crisis que prevalecía antes de la aparición de la pandemia, pero que se ha acrecentado por la llegada del covid-19.
FACTORES RELACIONADOS A LA DURABILIDAD DEL ÁCIDO HIALURÓNICO RETICULADO
Authors: Orozco Peña Francis Victoria 
Published: May 2023

El ácido hialurónico reticulado es una de las principales moléculas utilizadas para la formulación de rellenos a nivel mundial debido a sus propiedades físicas, químicas, biocompatibilidad, versatilidad y óptimos resultados de voluminización. Uno de los objetivos primordiales en el uso de rellenos es lograr el aumento adecuado de volumen del tejido tratado durante el mayor tiempo posible. Existe una gran cantidad de factores que pueden modificar la durabilidad del ácido hialurónico reticulado en los tejidos, destacando aquellos relacionados a características químicas y reológicas de la molécula.
Los diferentes productos disponibles en el mercado varían en cuanto al grado de reticulación, concentración de ácido hialurónico, tamaño de partículas, peso molecular y tipo de gel. Mientras mayor sea el grado de reticulación, la concentración de AH, el peso molecular y el tamaño de las partículas, mayor será la longevidad. Estos parámetros juegan un papel importante en la persistencia de los rellenos en el tejido, pero no son los únicos. Otros factores relacionados al volumen inyectado, la miomodulación, la técnica y el sitio de inyección también pueden ser significativos para la duración de los resultados clínicos. Asimismo, los factores individuales del paciente, las formulaciones combinadas de ácido hialurónico reticulado con otras moléculas y la asociación a otros tratamientos estéticos pueden alterar la permanencia de los rellenos.
Se presenta una revisión de la literatura con la finalidad de conocer los distintos factores relacionados a la durabilidad del ácido hialurónico reticulado, con el propósito de que el médico sea capaz de escoger el tipo de relleno más apropiado para las necesidades del paciente, valorando la posibilidad de tratamientos simultáneos que actúen de forma sinérgica.
La inevitabilidad de las pandemias
Authors: Sayegh Kabbabe Razek , Barquero Gen Meylin Cecilia , Debbe Esquivel Andrés , Bitter Rosales Maressa 
Published: May 2023

Resumen
El presente articulo presenta un enfoque de la historia de las pandemias y su futuro de estas, enfocado en la importancia a sus causas. La historia nos ha demostrado que hay una serie de factores humanos y ambientales desencadenantes, como la alteración del medio ambiente. Las enfermedades infecciosas son la manifestación de la interacción entre los agentes patógenos y los seres humanos. Las epidemias se originan por los cambios en algunos factores ambientales.
Abstract
This article presents a general approach to the history of pandemics and their future, giving importance to the causes. History has shown us that there are several human and environmental triggers. Infectious diseases are the manifestation of the interaction between pathogens and humans. And epidemics originate from changes in some environmental factors.
Stable Plane-Gauss Maps on Closed Orientable Surfaces
Authors: De Jesus C. M. , Romero P. D. , Santos L. J. 
Published: May 2023

The aim of this paper is to study the couple of stable plane Gauss maps f = (f2, f3): M→ R^2×S^2 from a global point of view, where M is a smooth closed orientable surface, f2 is a projection and f3 is Gauss map. We associate this maps a pair of MF-graph. We will study their properties, giving conditions on the graphs that can be realized by pairs of maps with couples from pre-determined singular sets.
Associação de cultivares de mandioca reduz a incidência do ácaro verde
Authors: Pedro Rideiqui Jamison de Souza , Da Silva Vinicios Ferreira , Ribeiro Thyago Fernando Lisboa , Moura Orlando Francisco da Silva , De Freitas Johnnatan Duarte , Da Costa João Gomes 
Published: May 2023

A mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) é uma das principais fontes de carboidratos para milhões de pessoas nas regiões tropicais. Apesar da sua relativa rusticidade, a incidência de artrópodes, como ácaros, provoca grandes perdas na produção. Nesse sentido, o ácaro verde (Mononychellus tanajoa) vem se destacando principalmente na região Nordeste do Brasil. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da associação de diferentes cultivares de mandioca sobre o desenvolvimento do ácaro verde. Para comparar as três cultivares e suas associações em relação ao desenvolvimento do ácaro, foi instalado um experimento em delineamento em blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos (as três variedades e suas associações duas a duas). Foi realizada a contagem dos ácaros em três plantas de cada variedade e em seguida foi feita a triagem de todas as formas móveis de ácaro verde. A coleta e a identificação dos voláteis das variedades de mandioca foram realizadas visando uma possível associação com a resistência/suscetibilidade. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que: a) a cultivar Campinas mostrou-se mais suscetível ao ácaro em relação as cultivares Rosinha e Sergipana; b) a associação entre as cultivares proporcionou redução significativa na população do ácaro em relação aos monocultivos; c) os compostos orgânicos voláteis Hex-3-en-2-one, (E)-Cariofileno e Hexadecano, presentes somente nas cultivares Rosinha e Sergipana são os prováveis responsáveis pela não-preferência dos ácaros em relação a cultivar Campinas. Sendo assim, os resultados evidenciam o potencial do uso de misturas de variedades em cultivos de mandioca para a redução do ácaro verde.