bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MdMYB305–MdbHLH33–MdMYB10 regulates sugar and anthocyanin balance in red‐fleshed apple fruits
Authors: Zhang Shuhui , Wang Hui , Wang Tong , Liu Wenjun , Zhang Jing , Fang Hongcheng , Zhang Zongying , Peng Futian , Chen Xuesen , Wang Nan 
Published: January 2023

SUMMARYSugar and anthocyanin are important indicators of fruit quality, and understanding the mechanism underlying their accumulation is essential for breeding high‐quality fruit. We identified an R2R3‐MYB transcription factor MdMYB305 in the red‐fleshed apple progeny, which was positively correlated with fruit sugar content but negatively correlated with anthocyanin content. Transient injection, stable expression [overexpressing and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9)], and heterologous transformation of tomato confirmed that MdMYB305 promotes the accumulation of sugar and inhibits the synthesis of anthocyanin. A series of molecular experiments (such as electrophoretic mobility shift and luciferase assays) confirmed that MdMYB305 combines with sugar‐related genes (MdCWI1/MdVGT3/MdTMT2) and anthocyanin‐related genes (MdF3H/MdDFR/MdUFGT), promoting and inhibiting their activities, and finally regulating the sugar and anthocyanin content of fruits. In addition, the study also found that MdMYB305 competes with MdMYB10 for the MdbHLH33 binding site to balance sugar and anthocyanin accumulation in the fruits, which provides a reference value for exploring more functions of the MYB‐bHLH‐MYB complex and the balance relationship between sugar and anthocyanin in the future.
Validity of donor‐reported iron supplementation practices obtained at the time of donation
Authors: Crowder Lauren A. , Cable Ritchard G. , Spencer Bryan R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIron supplementation (IS) improves blood donors' iron stores and allows more frequent blood donation. Understanding the accuracy of self‐reported IS is helpful for potential application of IS practices to donor eligibility or donation intervals.MethodsSuccessful whole blood and red cell apheresis donors completed a survey at donation on the use of select dietary supplements. Respondents reporting use of either iron pills (IP) or multivitamins (MV) were invited by email to complete a similar follow‐up survey 6–8 weeks later and to provide the quantitative iron content of IS by referring the donor to the pill bottle label. Consistency between baseline and follow‐up responses was assessed overall and by pill type and demographic variables.ResultsOf 2444 donors answering the baseline survey, 40% (978) reported MV or IP at donation, 354 of whom completed the follow‐up survey. A majority of survey respondents (56%–61%) reported taking iron across the two surveys, and 21%–24% took MV but were uncertain if their pills contained iron. Of 215 reporting IS at baseline, overall concordance at follow‐up was 68% and was higher for donors who were female, ≥50‐years old, and taking iron as an iron pill rather than in a multivitamin.ConclusionConsistency of donor responses may be insufficient for use in guiding donor eligibility. Referring donors to their pill bottles was unsuccessful in improving the high frequency of uncertain responses. Incorporating IS into donor eligibility determinations is a complex endeavor that will benefit from careful planning and from post‐implementation monitoring.
Non‐invasive hemoglobin estimation for preoperative anemia screening
Authors: Hornedo‐González Kevin D. , Jacob Adam K. , Burt Jennifer M. , Higgins Andrew A. , Engel Elizabeth M. , Hanson Andrew C. , Belch Lisa , Kor Daryl J. , Warner Matthew A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative anemia is common and associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. Assessment of hemoglobin concentrations may facilitate optimization prior to surgery. However, phlebotomy‐based hemoglobin measurement may contribute to patient discomfort and iatrogenic blood loss, which makes non‐invasive hemoglobin estimation attractive in this setting.Study Design and MethodsThis is a prospective study of adult patients presenting for preoperative evaluation before elective surgery at a tertiary care medical center. The Masimo Pronto Pulse CO‐Oximeter was utilized to estimate blood hemoglobin concentrations (SpHb), which were then compared with hemoglobin concentrations obtained via complete blood count. Receiver operating curves were used to identify SpHb values maximizing specificity for anemia detection while meeting a minimum sensitivity of 80%.ResultsA total of 122 patients were recruited with a median (interquartile range) age of 66 (58, 72) years. SpHb measurements were obtained in 112 patients (92%). SpHb generally overestimated hemoglobin with a mean (± 1.96 × standard deviation) difference of 0.8 (−2.2, 3.9) g/dL. Preoperative anemia, defined by hemoglobin <12.0 g/dL in accordance with institutional protocol, was present in 22 patients (20%). The optimal SpHb cut‐point to identify anemia was 13.5 g/dL: sensitivity 86%, specificity 81%, negative predictive value 96%, and positive predictive value 53%. Utilizing this cut‐point, 60% (73/122) of patients could have avoided phlebotomy‐based hemoglobin assessment, while an anemia diagnosis would have been missed in <3% (3/122).ConclusionThe use of SpHb devices for anemia screening in surgical patients is feasible with the potential to reliably rule‐out anemia despite limited accuracy.
Effects of Panel Misalignment in a Deployable Origami-Based Optical Array
Authors: Roubicek Clark , Gao Guangjun , Li Hui , Stephen Mark , Magleby Spencer P. , Howell Larry L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Deployable origami-based arrays can offer many benefits for a wide variety of engineering applications. However, alignment in the deployed state is a primary challenge of these arrays; in optical systems, local (single panel) and global (entire array) misalignment can drastically reduce performance. The objective of this work is to compare the relative sensitivities of different degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) of misalignment in deployable origami-based optical arrays and specify which have the greatest effect on performance. To accomplish this, we suggest a practice for defining local and global misalignment in deployable origami-based arrays, we simulate misalignment perturbations and record the resulting power output, and we use compensation techniques to restore as much lost power as possible. We use a deployable LiDAR telescope based on the hexagonal twist origami pattern as a case study, though the conclusions could be extended to other origami-based systems. From simulation, we find that the DOFs which are the most sensitive to misalignment and for which compensation is not effective are the local decenter X (467% power loss per mm misalignment), local decenter Y (463% power loss per mm misalignment), local tilt (357% power loss per degree misalignment), and local tip (265% power loss per degree misalignment) misalignments. These results could help minimize the need for compensation or position sensing and help optical systems designers to know which DOFs should be carefully controlled to maximize energy output.
The Importance of Transparency in Regulation
Authors: Miranda Samuel , Caruso Ralph 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The annual audit plan of the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), which was issued in November 2020, included an audit of the NRC’s practice of allowing “drop-in” visits. These are closed meetings of senior executives of licensees and NRC management. NRC procedures assume that “drop-in” visits do not concern any matters that are related to pending regulatory decisions that could affect the interests of those licensees. The audit objective was to determine whether NRC policies and procedures for non-public interactions with industry stakeholders are adequate to prevent compromise of the independence of agency staff or the appearance of conflicts of interest. The results of this audit were issued in August 2022. In 2017, the OIG conducted another audit [USNRC, OIG-17-A-23, “Audit of NRC's 10 CFR 2.206 Petition Review Process,” August 22, 2017, ADAMS No. ML17234A561] that focused on the public’s trust and confidence in the NRC. That audit examined the procedure that the NRC staff used to evaluate 10 CFR §2.206 enforcement petitions. The OIG found that the NRC staff had not issued a single enforcement order, as the result of 38 enforcement petitions that it had received in the prior three fiscal years, ending in 2016. The OIG concluded that the lack of such actions could adversely affect the public’s perspective on the effectiveness of the agency’s 10 CFR 2.206 petition process. Both audits are discussed in context with examples that illustrate the NRC’s implementation of its policy of transparency, in theory and practice.
Manufacturing Strategies to Mitigate Deformation Twinning in Magnesium
Authors: Rustom Shelby , Paudel YubRaj , Mujahid Shiraz , Cagle Matthew , Anantwar Prathmesh , Hazeli Kavan , Moser Robert , Paliwal Bhasker , Rhee Hongjoo , El Kadiri Haitham , Barrett Christopher D. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) alloys exhibit poor room temperature ductility, which prohibits forming operations in cost-effective industrial settings and the use of these alloys in critical safety components. Profuse twinning in Mg alloys is widely associated with high strain path anisotropy and low material ductility. Twinning typically propagates across the grains through the autocatalysis phenomena in typical texture conditions. Twin–twin and twin–slip interactions often lead to high strain incompatibilities and eventually failure. One way to avoid such premature failure is to prevent the early nucleation of twins. This research tests a hypothesis that a strong yet ductile phase surrounding each individual grain in traditional polycrystals could inhibit twin accommodation effects and thus twin nucleation and autocatalysis mechanisms at grain boundaries. As a proof-of-concept for testing this hypothesis, sharply textured magnesium sheets plated with different materials were subjected to four-point bending to assess the potential of a surface/grain boundary barrier in limiting twinning extent. The results showed that Mg AZ31 alloy plated with zinc alleviated twin nucleation while improving the strength of the alloy.
Protocol for a modelling study to assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness of indefinite anticoagulant therapy for first unprovoked venous thromboembolism
Authors: Khan Faizan , Thavorn Kednapa , Coyle Doug , van Katwyk Sasha , Tritschler Tobias , Hutton Brian , Le Gal Gregoire , Rodger Marc , Fergusson Dean 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionDeciding whether to stop or extend anticoagulant therapy indefinitely after completing at least 3 months of initial treatment for a first unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a challenge for clinicians, patients and policy makers. Guidelines suggest an indefinite duration of anticoagulant therapy in these patients, yet its benefits, harms and costs have not been formally assessed. The aim of this proposed modelling study is to assess the differences in clinical benefits, harms and costs of stopping versus continuing anticoagulant therapy indefinitely for a first unprovoked VTE.Methods and analysisWe will develop a probabilistic Markov model, adopting a 1-month cycle length and a lifetime horizon, to estimate life-years, quality-adjusted life-years, costs and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for a simulated population of patients with a first unprovoked VTE who will receive indefinite duration of anticoagulant therapy versus a population who will not receive extended treatment after completing 3 months of initial anticoagulant therapy. The economic evaluation will adopt a third-party payer perspective relating to a Canadian publicly funded healthcare system. Estimates for the probability of relevant clinical events will be informed by systematic reviews and meta-analyses, while costs and utility values will be obtained from published Canadian sources. Stratified analyses based on sex, age and site of initial VTE will also be performed to identify subgroups of patients with a first unprovoked VTE in whom continuing anticoagulant therapy indefinitely might prove to be clinically beneficial and cost-effective over stopping treatment. We will also conduct sensitivity and scenario analyses to assess robustness of study findings to changes in individual or groups of key parameters.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not applicable for this study. The results will be disseminated through presentations at relevant conferences and in a manuscript that will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.
Are non-invasive or minimally invasive autopsy techniques for detecting cause of death in prenates, neonates and infants accurate? A systematic review of diagnostic test accuracy
Authors: O'Keefe Hannah , Shenfine Rebekka , Brown Melissa , Beyer Fiona , Rankin Judith 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive or minimally invasive autopsy techniques in deaths under 1 year of age.DesignThis is a systematic review of diagnostic test accuracy. The protocol is registered on PROSPERO.ParticipantsDeaths from conception to one adjusted year of age.Search methodsMEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), the Cochrane Library, Scopus and grey literature sources were searched from inception to November 2021.Diagnostic testsNon-invasive or minimally invasive diagnostic tests as an alternative to traditional autopsy.Data collection and analysisStudies were included if participants were under one adjusted year of age, with index tests conducted prior to the reference standard.Data were extracted from eligible studies using piloted forms. Risk of bias was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2. A narrative synthesis was conducted following the Synthesis without Meta-Analysis guidelines. Vote counting was used to assess the direction of effect.Main outcome measuresDirection of effect was expressed as percentage of patients per study.FindingsWe included 54 direct evidence studies (68 articles/trials), encompassing 3268 cases and eight index tests. The direction of effect was positive for postmortem ultrasound and antenatal echography, although with varying levels of success. Conversely, the direction of effect was against virtual autopsy. For the remaining tests, the direction of effect was inconclusive.A further 134 indirect evidence studies (135 articles/trials) were included, encompassing 6242 perinatal cases. The addition of these results had minimal impact on the direct findings yet did reveal other techniques, which may be favourable alternatives to autopsy.Seven trial registrations were included but yielded no results.ConclusionsCurrent evidence is insufficient to make firm conclusions about the generalised use of non-invasive or minimally invasive autopsy techniques in relation to all perinatal population groups.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021223254.
UK national trainee survey of hepatology training, research and the future workforce
Authors: Li Wenhao , Abbas Nadir , Brennan Paul N , Mcdowell Hannah , Navaratnam Janardhan , Phoolchund Anju , Scott Robert , Shearer Jessica , White Helen , Tavabie Oliver D 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThe increasing prevalence of liver disease in the UK means there is a pressing need to expand the hepatology workforce. This survey aims to evaluate current hepatology training provision, and trainee attitudes towards future careers in hepatology.MethodAn electronic survey was distributed to higher specialty gastroenterology and hepatology trainees in the UK between March and May 2022.Results138 trainees completed the survey covering all training grades and regions of the UK. 73.7% reported receiving adequate hepatology training currently, with 55.6% intending to become future hepatologists. Trainee preference for future hepatology consultant posts in specialist liver centres were almost threefold higher compared with district general hospitals (60.9% vs 22.6%). All trainees, irrespective of training grade reported high confidence in managing decompensated cirrhosis in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Senior trainees (grade ST6 and higher), without advanced training programme (ATP) experience reported significantly lower confidence in managing viral hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma and post-transplant patients compared with equivalent trainees with ATP experience. For junior trainees (IMT3–ST5), remaining in their current deanery was the most important factor when considering future hepatology training application.ConclusionsThere is a significant need to deliver widely available training on the management of complex liver disease to improve non-ATP trainee confidence. Innovative job planning strategies are required to encourage trainees to pursue careers outside of specialist liver centres. Expansion of hepatology training networks with wider geographical coverage are needed to address the growing need for more hepatologists around the UK.
LIQUID - Treatment of high-grade dural arteriovenous fistulas with Squid liquid embolic agent: a prospective, observational multicenter study
Authors: Vollherbst Dominik F , Boppel Tobias , Wallocha Marta , Berlis Ansgar , Maurer Christoph J , Weber Werner , Fischer Sebastian , Bock Alexander , Meckel Stephan , Bohner Georg , Liebig Thomas , Herweh Christian , Bendszus Martin , Chapot René , Möhlenbruch Markus A 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundEndovascular embolization is a feasible treatment for cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs). New embolic agents aim to improve the success of DAVF embolization.ObjectiveTo assess the safety, efficacy, and short-term outcome of the treatment of DAVFs using the new liquid embolic agent Squid.MethodsThe LIQUID study is a prospective, observational multicenter study on the treatment of high-grade (Cognard type ≥3) DAVFs with the embolic agent Squid. The primary outcome measures were safety (ie, morbidity and mortality), as well as the occlusion rate 90 to 180 days after treatment.ResultsIn eight centers, 53 patients (mean age 59.8 years, 22.6% female) were treated in 55 treatment sessions. Of the DAVFs, 56.6% were Cognard type III, 41.5% type IV, and 18.9% were ruptured. Squid 18 was used in 83.6% and Squid 12 in 32.7% of the treatments. The overall rate of intraprocedural or postprocedural adverse events (AEs) was 18.2%. Procedure-related AEs resulting in permanent morbidity were observed in 3.6%. One patient (1.8%) died unrelated to the procedure due to pulmonary embolism. The final complete occlusion rate at 90 to 180 days was 93.2%. After a mean follow-up of 5.5 months, the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was stable or improved in 93.0%. In one of the patients, worsening of the mRS score was related to the procedure (1.8%).ConclusionSquid is a safe and effective liquid embolic agent for the treatment of high-grade DAVFs.
Reflection-mode nanostructured GaAlAs photocathode with narrow-band response to 532 nm
Authors: Li Shiman , Zhang Yijun , Shi Feng , Jiao Gangcheng , Guo Xin , Wang Ziheng , Zhang Kaimin , Wang Qiming , Qian Yunsheng 
Published: January 2023

The underwater photoelectric detection equipment mainly uses 532 nm laser as the light source, but the corresponding photocathodes like Na2KSbCs, GaAs and GaAsP have a wide spectral response region and are easily affected by other signals. Thereby, GaAlAs are materials worth developing because of their adjustable band gap, which usually is used as a window layer of GaAs-based photocathode. In this paper, the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is used to carry out nanostructure design simulations. The results show that GaAlAs with Al component of 0.63 can obtain the cutoff wavelength near 532 nm, which is an excellent photocathode material to meet the requirement of narrow-band spectral response of 532 nm laser. Furthermore, the light absorptance can be improved effectively by the quadrangular prism or cylinder nanostructured array prepared on the Ga[Formula: see text]Al[Formula: see text]As emission layer surface, and the maximum light absorptance can reach 96.2% at 532 nm for the cylinder nanostructure array with a height of 900 nm and a base width of 100 nm. Nevertheless, the reflection-mode Ga[Formula: see text]Al[Formula: see text]As photocathode with the quadrangular prism nanostructured array can be slightly influenced with incident angle of light.
COMPARISON BETWEEN CORTICOSTEROID INJECTION AND PLATELET-RICH PLASMA (PRP) IN THE TREATMENT OF FROZEN SHOULDER
Authors: Mirzaee Fateme , Ahmadinejad Bahareh , Baradaran Amir Farahanchi , Zafarani Zohreh , Aslani Hamidreza 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) is a common musculoskeletal disease that appears with a number of symptoms such as pain and constrained active and passive motions of the shoulder. Frozen shoulder mainly affects middle-aged adults. Local corticosteroids injection, oral corticosteroid, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), NSAIDs, and physiotherapy may alleviate the symptoms. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacies of corticosteroid injection and PRP in treating frozen shoulder. Methods: A quasi-experimental research was performed on patients with frozen shoulder; to this end, 32 male and 109 female patients were enlisted in the study. The patients were divided randomly into two groups: those receiving (a) PRP and (b) corticosteroid injection. Results: No significant relation was noticed between the two groups after 12 weeks according to a range of motions in flexion ([Formula: see text] = 0.300), abduction ([Formula: see text] = 0.133), external rotation ([Formula: see text] = 0.100), and internal rotation ([Formula: see text] = 0.206). In addition, no significant difference between pain and function scores was detected ([Formula: see text] = 0.103, 0.100). Conclusion: Based on our investigation, both corticosteroid injection and PRP are effective in treating adhesive capsulitis, and there is no notable difference in the effectiveness of these two treatment modalities in patients with frozen shoulder.
A Low Virulence Infective Tenosynovitis Triggered by a Neisseria Species
Authors: KARAGERGOU Eleni , CHALIDIS Byron , SACHINIS Nikolaos Platon , GIVISSIS Panagiotis 
Published: January 2023

A persistent infective tenosynovitis, caused by a non-pathogenic Neisseria species and involving the little finger and the thumb of a middle-aged woman, forming a horseshoe-type infection is presented. An extensive volar approach was utilised for excision of the granulomatous synovium and drainage of turbid fluid. Neisseria spp was isolated by tissue microbiology and targeted antibiotic therapy for 6 weeks was required to eradicate infection. The presence of low virulence microorganisms which might act as true pathogens should always be considered as a causative factor leading to persistent infections that require open surgical debridement and washout. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Wide Local Excision with Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: GUO Eric W. , YOON Alfred P. , CHUNG Kevin C. 
Published: January 2023

Digital papillary adenocarcinoma (DPA) is a rare but locally aggressive eccrine tumour that has metastatic potential and most frequently found in the upper extremity. It usually presents as an unremarkable swelling of the skin, commonly misdiagnosed as a benign lesion. We present a 67-year-old male who presented with a slowly growing mass of the right middle finger that was biopsied and diagnosed with DPA. The patient was treated with wide local excision (WLE) and sentinel lymph node biopsy by us during the same operative encounter. This report highlights the need for increased clinical vigilance to diagnose DPAs, and that WLE and sentinel lymph node biopsies can be safe and effective treatments offered. Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)