bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Heterotopic Ossification: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Markes Alexander R. , Venishetty Nikit , Gatto Andrew , Swarup Ishaan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of heterotopic ossification (HO) in pediatric patients, including an in-depth examination of the risk factors associated with this condition, current prophylactic measures, and available management strategies.

Recent Findings
HO is a medical disorder in which bone tissue inexplicably develops in soft tissues such as muscles and tendons. It involves the formation of mature, lamellar bone in extra-skeletal soft tissue, and its formation is influenced by oxygen tension, pH, the availability of micronutrients, and mechanical stimulation. HO has many cellular origins, with the most common theory being multipotent cells in local tissue. The diagnosis of HO is typically made based on exam, radiographs, and CT. Management includes both prophylactic nonsurgical options and surgical resection for severe or recalcitrant cases.

Summary
The review highlights the incidence, risk factors, and management strategies associated with HO in pediatric patients. HO is a rare condition in children, with severe neurologic injury being the most common cause. Pediatric patients most commonly develop HO following severe neurologic injury, followed by trauma and surgery. Current prophylactic measures, include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and radiation therapy though limited literature on their use in the pediatric population exists. For recalcitrant symptomatic cases, wide surgical resection can be considered but has a higher risk profile and associated morbidity. This review highlights the need for further pediatric specific research to inform guidelines and management strategies for this debilitating condition.
A Yolo-Based Model for Breast Cancer Detection in Mammograms
Authors: Prinzi Francesco , Insalaco Marco , Orlando Alessia , Gaglio Salvatore , Vitabile Salvatore 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work aims to implement an automated data-driven model for breast cancer detection in mammograms to support physicians’ decision process within a breast cancer screening or detection program. The public available CBIS-DDSM and the INbreast datasets were used as sources to implement the transfer learning technique on full-field digital mammography proprietary dataset. The proprietary dataset reflects a real heterogeneous case study, consisting of 190 masses, 46 asymmetries, and 71 distortions. Several Yolo architectures were compared, including YoloV3, YoloV5, and YoloV5-Transformer. In addition, Eigen-CAM was implemented for model introspection and outputs explanation by highlighting all the suspicious regions of interest within the mammogram. The small YoloV5 model resulted in the best developed solution obtaining an mAP of 0.621 on proprietary dataset. The saliency maps computed via Eigen-CAM have proven capable solution reporting all regions of interest also on incorrect prediction scenarios. In particular, Eigen-CAM produces a substantial reduction in the incidence of false negatives, although accompanied by an increase in false positives. Despite the presence of hard-to-recognize anomalies such as asymmetries and distortions on the proprietary dataset, the trained model showed encouraging detection capabilities. The combination of Yolo predictions and the generated saliency maps represent two complementary outputs for the reduction of false negatives. Nevertheless, it is imperative to regard these outputs as qualitative tools that invariably necessitate clinical radiologic evaluation. In this view, the model represents a trusted predictive system to support cognitive and decision-making, encouraging its integration into real clinical practice.
Assessing the Strength and Deformation Properties of Serpentinite Rocks in Dry and Saturated Conditions
Authors: Diamantis Konstantinos , Fereidooni Davood 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt is clear that the engineering properties of various rocks in dry and wet conditions are different. In general, the properties decrease with the presence of water. The present research investigates the effect of rock saturation on the strength and deformation properties of serpentinites collected from central Greece. A comprehensive laboratory test program was planned to evaluate unit weight, effective porosity, uniaxial compressive strength, elasticity modulus, and Brazilian tensile strength in saturated states. All the results of the above-mentioned saturated properties were compared with the respective properties measured in dry conditions taken from previous studies. Simple regression analyses were used to correlate the physical and mechanical properties of the two referred states. The obtained results revealed that the values of the considered physical and mechanical properties of the studied serpentinite rocks are deceased with the presence of water. There are good relations between different rock properties in dry and saturated states. Generally, the relations are better in dry state. All correlations between the same rock properties in dry and saturated states are as direct linear relations, whereas relationships between the mechanical and physical properties are mainly exponential. Some of them are logarithmic or power equations.
Navigating Uncertainty in Weapon System-of-Systems Planning: A Hybrid Multiobjective Network-Based Optimization and Fuzzy Set Approach
Authors: Hu Chongshuang , Wang Xingliang , Li Minghao , Jiang Jiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe evaluation of the capability of network-based systems of systems has replaced the simple method that considers return on investment, becoming a new paradigm for planning national defence capabilities. However, the dual uncertainty of the key system attributes of scenes and weapons has brought great challenges for decision-making. Based on this, we developed a multiobjective optimization model with multiple stages and scenarios under uncertainty to determine plans. In this study, we consider planning risk and planning cost as the two objectives. To solve this problem, we propose a hybrid solution for a network-based optimization method integrated with fuzzy set theory. The network-based optimization method combines the NSGA-II-DE and complex network theory. We use the characteristics of the network to evaluate the capabilities of the WSoS, and the NSGA-II-DE is used to generate a development plan and finally output a set of Pareto optimal solutions. We use fuzzy sets to determine the fuzzy membership of each plan on the Pareto front and determine a satisfactory solution. Finally, we conduct simulation experiments to verify the rationality of the methods proposed in this article. The results can provide a set of efficient solutions for military planners, helping generate a variety of planning solutions and trade-offs according to their preferences.
Graphical Abstract
Effects of carbon-sequestering coral aggregate on pore structures and compressive strength of concrete
Authors: Mi Renjie , Wang Yifei , Yu Tao , Li Wengui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCO2 sequestration/storage shows considerable impacts on the pore structures and compressive strength of concrete. This paper presents a study in which coral aggregates were presoaked in Ca(OH)2 slurries with different solid-to-liquid ratios (i.e. 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 g/mL) followed by accelerated carbonation. The effects of CO2 sequestration on the particle size distribution, cylinder compressive strength, water absorption, and apparent density of coral aggregate were investigated. The evolution of pore structures in coral aggregate concrete after CO2 sequestration was also studied. Additionally, the effect of CO2 sequestration on the development of compressive strength of coral aggregate concrete was explored. The results showed that CO2 sequestration affected the properties of coral aggregate. Moreover, the porosity of CaCO3 formed by CO2 sequestration was the highest in the concrete. With the increase of solid-to-liquid ratio, the porosity of cement pastes and the CaCO3 increased, and more big pores existed in the cement pastes and CaCO3. Furthermore, the compressive strength of coral aggregate concrete when the solid-to-liquid ratio was 0.2 g/mL increased compared with that before CO2 sequestration, but the compressive strength reduced when the ratio increased to 0.6 g/mL.
Aligning values to labels: A best-worst analysis of food labels
Authors: McLeod Alexandria , Yang Wei , Fang Di , Nayga Rodolfo M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConsumer misperception and misinterpretation of food labels can lead to consumers not buying a product or purchasing products that do not align with their environmental or sustainability interests. Consumer purchasing behavior can be explained by looking at consumer food values or food quality attributes. This study aimed to (a) determine the effect label information has on consumer preference shares for selected sustainability-related food labels and (b) if correlations exist between food labels and food values. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the comprehension of 12 different labels and identify how food labels relate to food value preferences. Responses from the best-worst scaling experiment of food value and environmental food label choice sets were analyzed using the random parameter logit model. Results reveal preference shares changed for each label as more information was provided to the respondents about the various labels included in the study. These findings should support food policy efforts requiring strict, clear label standards. Food labels should represent the food’s core food values to increase consumer preference for the product. These findings also further support the need for efforts to increase consumer knowledge and understanding of the labels on food packaging.
Illusions of Sovereignty: Understanding Populist Crowds with Hannah Arendt
Authors: Rensmann Lars 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article reconstructs Hannah Arendt's theoretical arguments in relation to current authoritarian-populist crowds, which can be understood as organized mobs of the twenty-first century. Drawn from all classes and originating in societal and political disenfranchisement, in Arendt's understanding they are rebellious nihilists who falsely believe they represent the people as a whole while they exclude any citizens who do not share their tribal nationalism and leader worshiping. Illuminating conditions of their emergence, Arendt also helps to elucidate what drives the populist crowds’ illusions about an uncompromising “sovereign will” they and their leaders claim to embody. Such illusions benefit from broader modern trends eroding differences between facts, opinion, truth, and lies. In public environments suffering from destabilized factual truths, organized lies can easily fill a political vacuum generated by crises of political modernity. Unpacking interrelated theoretical trajectories, it is argued that an Arendtian framework can significantly contribute to the study of present-day authoritarian populism.
Like a Meteorite: The Life of Mike Davis
Authors: Reifer Tom 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article surveys the lifetime work of scholar-activist Mike Davis, and his attentiveness to the wide-ranging synthesis of the global political economy and ecology of capitalism and militarism, focusing on labor and social history, and to inequalities of race, class, gender, and nation, and struggles for diversity and inclusion, marking his distinctive style. Covering themes ranging from American exceptionalism, working-class formation, struggles for the eight-hour workday, the political economy and ecology of the Third World, and the growth of today's informal proletariat, the article underlines the author's deepest commitments to a lifetime of scholarship. These include democratic control over the means of production, and the remaking of the global system on new and enlarged, more peaceful and just socioecological foundations, now essential if humanity and other sentient beings are to survive and thrive.
Beyond “Death Do Us Part”: Spousal Intestate Succession in Nineteenth-Century Hispanic America
Authors: Deere Carmen Diana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn colonial Hispanic America, widows and widowers were in an unfavorable position if their spouse died without a will, only inheriting from them if the deceased left no blood relatives to the 10th degree of kinship. This article examines the extent to which the intestate position of the surviving spouse improved in the new civil codes of the sixteen republics, and how their approaches were influenced by the circulation of ideas. It finds that in all except one the spouse came to be favored over the extended family. If the deceased left children, two approaches developed with respect to the inclusion of spouses: where they obtained an unconditional right to an inheritance share equal to a child, and where their inheriting depended on their relative poverty or need. These reforms took place in concert with the rise of the centrality of the conjugal unit as the focus of affection, loyalty, and responsibilities, and prior to such reforms in Europe. The countries that went furthest in elevating the position of spouses, Venezuela and Argentina, were those most deeply influenced by the ideas and changes fostered by liberalism.
Production as Criticism: Staging Wartime Rape in the Opera Canon
Authors: Cormier Margaret 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article explores contemporary representations of wartime sexual violence on the operatic stage. Rape and the threat of rape loom over many operas in the canon, but even those operas that do not thematise rape may have sexual violence introduced to them in performance. Through analysis of four twenty-first century productions, I consider how the idea of sexual violence works in these wartime stories. Staging the implicit or explicit sexual violence in canonic operas can, in the best cases, allow for nuanced commentary on the subject in our cultural moment. But putting sexual violence on stage is controversial and can pose real risks to audience members. Instead of dismissing the proliferation of depictions of rape in wartime opera productions as mere scandalmongering, I explore specific representations through a feminist ethical framework, and ask: What do we risk and what might we gain by putting rape on stage in these operas?
Why we need to look at decolonisation in the law library
Authors: Clarke Marilyn 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDecolonisation remains as a topical debate in academic libraries. Goldsmiths, University of London Library, led a decolonisation initiative which inspired many other academic libraries to engage in social justice. Here IALS librarian Marilyn Clarke, who was previously Director of Library Services at Goldsmiths, examines what's happening in law libraries when it comes to this matter, and asks whether legal knowledge and the law school can be decolonised.
Ground Surface‐Soil Thermal Inversion From In Situ Measurement
Authors: Yang Qian , Zhang Man , Zhou Jianjun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSoil heat flux at the ground surface (G) is an essential component of energy for the recirculation of water and other masses on the land surface. However, direct measurement is difficult and inaccurate, and available data are inadequate owing to the inconvenience of installing the heat sensor plate immediately beneath the true surface. Additionally, thermal properties such as the diffusivity, conductivity, and volumetric heat capacity are intricately influenced by water, vegetation, labile weather, and environmental conditions. Errors of estimation for them from indirect measurement of water content can be substantial and almost impossible without adequately and accurately determination of the soil parameters in situ. In this study, a more general parabolic heat equation is analytically solved for thermal diffusion of gradually varying state properties, and an inverse method is used to determine the parameters so that the properties and G can be simultaneously obtained at a site of measurement. Comparison and validation against data from a numerical model and experimental‐site measurements indicate well agreement and consistency. The retrieved G reveals relatively larger in scale that indicates a non‐negligible disparity from the under‐surface plate measured and the estimations by previous heat‐correction methods, suggesting that G should be regarded more significant in roles for the studies of near‐surface processes, particularly in rather dry conditions and in sub‐diurnal time scale. The present inversion provides some insights into the soil thermal physics of the land surface. Finally, a formula is suggested for the completion of the plate‐based heat flux measurements.
Revealing Their True Stripes: Mg/Ca Banding in the Paleogene Planktonic Foraminifera GenusMorozovellaand Implications for Paleothermometry
Authors: John Eleanor H. , Staudigel Philip T. , Buse Benjamin , Lear Caroline H. , Pearson Paul N. , Slater Sophie M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Mg/Ca ratio of foraminiferal calcite is a widely used empirical proxy for ocean temperature. Foraminiferal Mg/Ca‐temperature relationships are based on extant species and are species‐specific, introducing uncertainty when applying them to the fossil tests of extinct groups. Many modern species show remarkable heterogeneity in their intra‐test Mg distributions, typically due to the presence of high Mg bands, which have a biological origin. Importantly, banding patterns differ between species, which could affect Mg/Ca‐temperature relationships. Few studies have looked at intra‐test variability in Mg/Ca ratios in extinct species of foraminifera, despite the obvious implications for paleothermometry. We used electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) to investigate intra‐test Mg distributions in the fossil tests of two species of planktonic foraminifera from the extinct muricate mixed‐layer‐dwelling genusMorozovella, commonly used in Paleogene sea surface temperature reconstructions. BothM.aragonensisandM.cratershow striking Mg banding patterns with multiple high and low Mg/Ca band pairs throughout the test wall in all chambers. The intra‐test Mg variability inM.aragonensisandM.crateris similar to that in modern species widely used in paleoclimate reconstructions and banding patterns are consistent with published growth models for modern forms, albeit with subtle differences. The presence of Mg bands supports the application of Mg/Ca‐palaeothermometry in extinctMorozovellaspecies as well as the utility of EPMA for examining preservation of foraminifera tests in paleoclimatological studies. However, we emphasize the importance of rigorous assessments of inter‐ and intra‐test Mg variability when using microanalytical techniques for foraminiferal Mg/Ca paleothermometry.
Motility mediates satellite formation in confined biofilms
Authors: Cordero Mireia , Mitarai Namiko , Jauffred Liselotte 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Bacteria have spectacular survival capabilities and can spread in many, vastly different environments. For instance, when pathogenic bacteria infect a host, they expand by proliferation and squeezing through narrow pores and elastic matrices. However, the exact role of surface structures—important for biofilm formation and motility—and matrix density in colony expansion and morphogenesis is still largely unknown. Using confocal laser-scanning microscopy, we show how satellite colonies emerge around Escherichia coli colonies embedded in semi-dense hydrogel in controlled in vitro assays. Using knock-out mutants, we tested how extra-cellular structures, (e.g., exo-polysaccharides, flagella, and fimbria) control this morphology. Moreover, we identify the extra-cellular matrix’ density, where this morphology is possible. When paralleled with mathematical modelling, our results suggest that satellite formation allows bacterial communities to spread faster. We anticipate that this strategy is important to speed up expansion in various environments, while retaining the close interactions and protection provided by the community.
Extensive breaking of genetic code degeneracy with non-canonical amino acids
Authors: McFeely Clinton A. L. , Shakya Bipasana , Makovsky Chelsea A. , Haney Aidan K. , Ashton Cropp T. , Hartman Matthew C. T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGenetic code expansion (GCE) offers many exciting opportunities for the creation of synthetic organisms and for drug discovery methods that utilize in vitro translation. One type of GCE, sense codon reassignment (SCR), focuses on breaking the degeneracy of the 61 sense codons which encode for only 20 amino acids. SCR has great potential for genetic code expansion, but extensive SCR is limited by the post-transcriptional modifications on tRNAs and wobble reading of these tRNAs by the ribosome. To better understand codon-tRNA pairing, here we develop an assay to evaluate the ability of aminoacyl-tRNAs to compete with each other for a given codon. We then show that hyperaccurate ribosome mutants demonstrate reduced wobble reading, and when paired with unmodified tRNAs lead to extensive and predictable SCR. Together, we encode seven distinct amino acids across nine codons spanning just two codon boxes, thereby demonstrating that the genetic code hosts far more re-assignable space than previously expected, opening the door to extensive genetic code engineering.
Endothelial ERα promotes glucose tolerance by enhancing endothelial insulin transport to skeletal muscle
Authors: Sacharidou Anastasia , Chambliss Ken , Peng Jun , Barrera Jose , Tanigaki Keiji , Luby-Phelps Katherine , Özdemir İpek , Khan Sohaib , Sirsi Shashank R. , Kim Sung Hoon , Katzenellenbogen Benita S. , Katzenellenbogen John A. , Kanchwala Mohammed , Sathe Adwait A. , Lemoff Andrew , Xing Chao , Hoyt Kenneth , Mineo Chieko , Shaul Philip W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe estrogen receptor (ER) designated ERα has actions in many cell and tissue types that impact glucose homeostasis. It is unknown if these include mechanisms in endothelial cells, which have the potential to influence relative obesity, and processes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle that impact glucose control. Here we show that independent of impact on events in adipose tissue, endothelial ERα promotes glucose tolerance by enhancing endothelial insulin transport to skeletal muscle. Endothelial ERα-deficient male mice are glucose intolerant and insulin resistant, and in females the antidiabetogenic actions of estradiol (E2) are absent. The glucose dysregulation is due to impaired skeletal muscle glucose disposal that results from attenuated muscle insulin delivery. Endothelial ERα activation stimulates insulin transcytosis by skeletal muscle microvascular endothelial cells. Mechanistically this involves nuclear ERα-dependent upregulation of vesicular trafficking regulator sorting nexin 5 (SNX5) expression, and PI3 kinase activation that drives plasma membrane recruitment of SNX5. Thus, coupled nuclear and non-nuclear actions of ERα promote endothelial insulin transport to skeletal muscle to foster normal glucose homeostasis.