bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Counselor educators’ views on cognitively complex trainees: A Q method study
Authors: Gantt‐Howrey Alexandra , Kemer Gülşah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOur Q method exploration of counselor educators’ perspectives of minimally acceptable cognitive complexity (CC) in trainees at the end of internship yielded two factors: Trainee's Conceptual Integration Ability and Trainee's Ability to Apply Integrated Knowledge. Implications for teaching, supervision, and research pertinent to assessment of and enhancement of CC conclude.
Plastic Extrusion Process Optimization by Inversion of Stacked Autoencoder Classification Machines
Authors: Burr Julia , Sarishvili Alex , Just Daniel , Katsaouni Nikoletta , Moser Kevin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the face of climate change and rising energy prices, lowering energy usage of industrial machines is gaining widespread attention. Αpropriate machine settings could lead to reduced production costs and lower environmental impact, while simultaneously maintaining products' quality. However, defining the complex, nonlinear dependencies between these settings and energy usage or quality in manufacturing is often a challenging task. In the presented work, a method for optimized machine settings recommendation is proposed using inverse classification via autoencoders. The algorithm can suggest operation parameters, based on predefined intervals of energy consumption and product properties. The performance is evaluated on data generated by a digital twin of an extrusion process.
Derivation of Benzothiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxide Scaffolds via Transition Metal‐Catalyzed C—H Activation/Annulation
Authors: Lai Ruizhi , Xu Shuran , Zhang Qingyao , Zhou Hui , Luo Cankun , Wang Yuerong , Hai Li , Wu Yong 
Published: April 2023

Comprehensive SummaryBenzothiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxide scaffold is bioactive framework with wild utility and applications. Synthesis of benzothiadiazine‐fused isoquinoline derivatives and spiro benzothiadiazine derivatives through transition metal‐catalyzed C—H activation/annulation was reported. 3‐Phenyl‐2H‐benzothiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxide was used as the reaction substrate, and vinylene carbonate and 4‐diazopyrazolone were used as the coupling reagents, respectively. This strategy provides straightforward access to complex N‐heterocycles in a highly efficient and simple manner.
Thianthrene Radical Cation as a TransientSETMediator: Photoinduced Thiocyanation and Selenocyanation of Arylthianthrenium Salts†
Authors: Chen Xiao‐Yue , Kuang Xin , Wu Yichen , Zhou Jian , Wang Peng 
Published: April 2023

Comprehensive SummaryA novel transient SET mediator approach has been developed for the photoinduced radical‐radical cross coupling reaction. Using thein‐situgenerated thianthrene radical cation as the transient SET mediator, the thiocyanation and selenocyanation of aryl thianthrenium salts have been realized under the mild conditions without the need for photocatalyst or single electron donor. In comparison with the photocatalyst enabled process, the protocol features mild conditions, simple manipulation, a broad substrate scope, excellent functional group and heterocycle tolerance. Due to the feasible accessibility of aryl thianthrenium salts, this method has also been applied in the efficient synthesis of a bioactive molecule, and the late‐stage functionalization of complex arenes.
Association between urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio within normal range and hypertension among adults in the United States: Data from the NHANES 2009–2018
Authors: Ming Li , Wang Duan , Zhu Yong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecently it was suggested that urine albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (uACR), even within the normal range, can be associated with hypertension, but only a few studies have examined. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between normal range uACR and the prevalence of hypertension.MethodsThe research used data from the 2009 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which included 14,919 participants. We defined the uACR as the amount of albumin (mg/dL) divided by creatinine (g/dL) in randomly voided urine. Hypertension was defined as mean systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg, or diastolic ≥80 mmHg, or were taking hypertension medication or were informed of a hypertension diagnosis by a physician/health professional.ResultsIn multivariable‐adjusted models, per 5 mg/g uACR increment, the hypertension prevalence increased 1.31‐fold (OR, 1.31; 95% CI 1.23–1.40), the odds [95% confidence interval (CI)] for hypertension prevalence were 2.25 (1.86–2.72) for those in the highest quartile compared to those in the lowest quartile. The nonlinear relationship between hypertension prevalence and uACR was found by visually assessing images (p for nonlinearity<.001). In addition, in the subgroup analysis stratified by body mass index, the lower the BMI, the stronger the association between uACR and hypertension prevalence.ConclusionsEven within the normal range, subtly elevated uACR was associated with an increased prevalence of hypertension in the USA general population, and this association may be enhanced in individuals with low BMI. Further research is needed to assess the clinical applicability of these findings.
The association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and corrected QT interval prolongation among generally healthy Iranian population: Fasa Cohort Study (FACS)
Authors: Naderi Alireza , Farjam Mojtaba , Mojarrad Sani Maryam , Abdollahi Ashkan , Alkamel Abdulhakim , Keshavarzian Omid , Tabrizi Reza 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are limited studies about the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation worldwide.HypothesisTherefore, we designed the current study to determine this association in a large cohort of a generally healthy population.MethodsWe analyzed the data of 4603 individuals aged 35–70 who participated in the Fasa Cohort Study (FACS). Based on 12‐lead electrocardiograms, QT intervals were calculated and corrected by Bazzet's formula. A QTc interval of more than 430 ms in men and 450 ms in women was considered prolonged. The Fatty Liver Index was used to identify the participants with NAFLD.ResultsOf all participants, 1550 (33.6%) met the NAFLD criteria. In subjects of both genders with NAFLD, the mean values of the QTc interval were considerably higher than in those without NAFLD (p < .001). After adjusting for a wide range of confounders, including age, gender, smoking status, physical activity, total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol levels, diabetes, and hypertension status, in linear regression analysis, the standardized β coefficient of QTc interval among participants with NAFLD was 2.56 ms (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.49–4.64). After controlling the same confounders, the odds ratio of NAFLD for a prolonged QTc interval in men was 1.47 (95% CI: 1.18–1.84; p < .001) and in women was 1.39 (95% CI: 1.15–1.68; p < .001) using logistic regression analysis.ConclusionsNAFLD was a risk factor for QTc interval prolongation. Awareness about the risk of NAFLD in increasing the potential cardiac arrhythmias should be raised to lower cardiac mortality.
Structure‐Activity Relationships of Metal‐Based Inhibitors of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter
Authors: Huang Zhouyang , Wilson Justin J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) is a transmembrane protein that is responsible for mediating mitochondrial calcium (mCa2+) uptake. Given this critical function, the MCU has been implicated as an important target for addressing various human diseases. As such, there has a been growing interest in developing small molecules that can inhibit this protein. To date, metal coordination complexes, particularly multinuclear ruthenium complexes, are the most widely investigated MCU inhibitors due to both their potent inhibitory activities as well as their longstanding use for this application. Recent efforts have expanded the metal‐based toolkit for MCU inhibition. This concept paper summarizes the development of new metal‐based inhibitors of the MCU and their structure‐activity relationships in the context of improving their potential for therapeutic use in managing human diseases related tomCa2+dysregulation.
NiS/MoS2 Anchored Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Generation and Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Biswas Rathindranath , Iqbal Muzahir , Roy Ayan , Haldar Krishna Kanta 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough sulfide‐based materials are known to be efficient catalysts for oxygen evolution reactions (OER), hydrogen evolution reactions (HER), and supercapacitor applications, improving the catalytic activity of sulfide materials for both electrochemical water splitting and supercapacitors remains a challenging problem. Here, an easy and one‐step integrated methodology is implemented to develop NiS/MoS2 anchored multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT/NiS/MoS2) catalysts that can effectively and robustly catalyze both the HER and OER. The MWCNT/NiS/MoS2 hybrid composite offers the lowest overpotential of 201 mV and 193 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA/cm2 and −10 mA/cm2 with a small Tafel slope of 58 mV/dec 41 mV/dec for OER and HER, respectively, in alkaline and acidic conditions. The obtained multi‐walled carbon nanotubes anchored with intertwined NiS/MoS2 have a significant number of active sites and defects throughout the structure. The hybrid composite electrode delivered a specific capacitance of >371.45 F/g at 2 A/g in a two‐electrode system, along with high energy density of 51.63 Wh/kg (ED) along with the power density (PD) of 953.63 W/kg, and good capacitance retention ∼82% after 2000 cycles. Therefore, a tandem electron transfer mechanism between NiS and MoS2 (MoS2→NiS) is believed to have an electrical synergistic effect that promotes both HER and OER activity. This research opens a new path for the construction of multi‐component, cheap electrocatalysts that are highly effective for overall water splitting and energy storage applications.
MPKin‐YSTR: Interpretation of Y chromosome STR haplotypes for missing persons cases
Authors: Ge Jianye , Crysup Benjamin , Peters Dixie , Franco Romy , Liu Muyi , Wang Xuewen , Huang Meng , Budowle Bruce 
Published: April 2023

AbstractY chromosome Short Tandem Repeat (STR) haplotypes have been used in assisting forensic investigations primarily for identification and male lineage determination. The current SWGDAM interpretation guidelines for Y‐STR typing provide helpful guidance on those purposes but do not address the issue of kinship analysis with Y‐STR haplotypes. Because of the high mutation rate of Y‐STRs, there are complex missing person cases in which inconsistent Y‐STR haplotypes between true paternal lineage relatives will arise and cases with two or more male references in the same lineage and yet differ in their haplotypes. Therefore, more useful methods are needed for interpreting the Y‐STR haplotype data. Computational methods and interpretation guidelines have been developed specifically addressing this issue, either using a mismatch‐based counting method or a pedigree likelihood ratio method. In this study, a software program, MPKin‐YSTR, was developed by implementing those more sophisticated methods. This software should be able to improve the interpretation of complex cases with Y‐STR haplotype evidence. Thus, more biological evidence will be interpreted, which in turn will result in more investigation leads to help solve crimes.
Investigating the energy security performance, productivity, and economic growth for the EU
Authors: Gökgöz Fazıl , Yalçın Engin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEnergy is one of the key elements of economies. The maintenance of daily economic activities would not be possible without assurance of energy security, which is also a critical contributor to sustainable energy. The European Union (EU) strives to protect the energy security of its members in order to prevent supply problems or crises. The main purpose of our analysis is to evaluate the energy security of EU countries by analyzing their performance, productivity, and relationship with economic growth. Using hybrid and comparative MCDM and Malmquist productivity approaches, we assess the static and dynamic energy security performance of the EU countries in the period from 2014 to 2018. We use IDOCRIW‐weighted SAW, MARCOS, and CODAS techniques for static performance measurement and the Malmquist productivity approach for dynamic performance evaluation. Considering both static and dynamic performance among developed EU countries, Denmark is found to be superior. Further, the Malmquist productivity index results indicate a slight improvement for developed countries and deterioration for developing countries. According to the panel data analysis, energy security is a factor that leads to economic growth. Consequently, energy efficiency initiatives such as efficiency action plans, hybrid and electric vehicles, and energy storage advancements play crucial roles in enhancing the EU's energy security.
Unraveling mitochondria‐targeting reactive oxygen species modulation and their implementations in cancer therapy by nanomaterials
Authors: Peng Haibao , Yao Feibai , Zhao Jiaxu , Zhang Wei , Chen Lingchao , Wang Xin , Yang Peng , Tang Jing , Chi Yudan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFunctional subcellular organelle mitochondria are emerging as a crucial player and driver of cancer. For maintaining the sites of cellular respiration, mitochondria experience production, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) underlying oxidative damage in electron transport chain carriers. Precision medicine targeting mitochondria can change nutrient availability and redox homeostasis in cancer cells, which might represent a promising strategy for suppressing tumor growth. Herein, this review highlights how the modification capable of manipulating nanomaterials for ROS generation strategies can influence or compensate the state of mitochondrial redox homeostasis. We propose foresight to guide research and innovation with an overview of seminal work and discuss future challenges and our perspective on the commercialization of novel mitochondria‐targeting agents.
Probing multiple algorithms to calculate brain age: Examining reliability, relations with demographics, and predictive power
Authors: Bacas Eva , Kahhalé Isabella , Raamana Pradeep R. , Pablo Julian B. , Anand Apurvaa S. , Hanson Jamie L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe calculation of so‐called “brain age” from structural MRIs has been an emerging biomarker in aging research. Data suggests that discrepancies between chronological age and the predicted age of the brain may be predictive of mortality and morbidity (for review, see Cole, Marioni, Harris, & Deary, 2019). However, with these promising results come technical complexities of how to calculate brain age. Various groups have deployed methods leveraging different statistical approaches, often crafting novel algorithms for assessing this biomarker derived from structural MRIs. There remain many open questions about the reliability, collinearity, and predictive power of different algorithms. Here, we complete a rigorous systematic comparison of three commonly used, previously published brain age algorithms (XGBoost, brainageR, and DeepBrainNet) to serve as a foundation for future applied research. First, using multiple datasets with repeated structural MRI scans, we calculated two metrics of reliability (intraclass correlations and Bland–Altman bias). We then considered correlations between brain age variables, chronological age, biological sex, and image quality. We also calculated the magnitude of collinearity between approaches. Finally, we used machine learning approaches to identify significant predictors across brain age algorithms related to clinical diagnoses of cognitive impairment. Using a large sample (N = 2557), we find all three commonly used brain age algorithms demonstrate excellent reliability (r > .9). We also note that brainageR and DeepBrainNet are reasonably correlated with one another, and that the XGBoost brain age is strongly related to image quality. Finally, and notably, we find that XGBoost brain age calculations were more sensitive to the detection of clinical diagnoses of cognitive impairment. We close this work with recommendations for future research studies focused on brain age.
Does digital financial inclusion reduce the risk of returning to poverty? Evidence from China
Authors: Xu Fang , Zhang Xiaoru , Zhou Di 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDigital financial inclusion has become an important way to reduce poverty and prevent poverty return; however, few studies examine the relationship between digital financial inclusion measurement with poverty return governance. Based on data from the 2017 China Household Financial Survey, we construct a digital financial inclusion indicator for micro‐households, and explore its impact on the risk of households returning to poverty and its mechanisms. Our findings suggest that digital financial inclusion can reduce the risk of Chinese families returning to poverty, and that it has heterogeneous effects on families and regions with different characteristics. The main function is to improve household income level by promoting entrepreneurship and employment, and to improve risk resistance by enhancing household financial market participation and household asset allocation. Further analysis shows that digital financial inclusion has structural effects, nonlinear effects, and substitution effects with private lending in poverty governance. This paper has implications for understanding and improving the poverty governance effectiveness of digital financial inclusion.
High visceral fat attenuation and long‐term mortality in a health check‐up population
Authors: Lee Jong Hyuk , Choi Seung Ho , Jung Keum Ji , Goo Jin Mo , Yoon Soon Ho 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic role of increased visceral fat attenuation (VFA) remains underexplored. We investigated the long‐term prognostic implications of computed tomography (CT)‐derived VFA in a health check‐up population.MethodsThis study included consecutive individuals who had positron‐emission tomography/CT scans for health check‐ups between January 2004 and December 2010. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS), and the secondary outcomes were cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and non‐cancer‐specific survival (NCS). Commercially available body composition analysis software was used to obtain abdominal waist VFA, visceral fat volume index (VFI) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the L3 level. Sarcopenia was determined using sex‐specific SMI references. VFA and VFI were dichotomized using the thresholds for the highest quartiles. The relationship between CT‐derived body composition parameters and body mass index (BMI) was evaluated with Pearson correlation coefficients. The prognostic implications of VFA and sarcopenic obesity (SO) defined by VFA were assessed by multivariable Cox regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier plots with log‐rank tests.ResultsA total of 2720 individuals (1530 men [56.3%] and 1190 women [43.7%]; median age: 53 years, inter‐quartile range: 47–60 years) were included. During the median follow‐up of 138 months, 128 individuals (5%) died (cancer mortality: 2%; non‐cancer mortality: 3%), with 0.2% (5 of 2720) and 1.1% (30 of 2720) of 1‐ and 5‐year mortality rates. VFA was negatively correlated with BMI (r = −0.62; P < 0.001) and VFI (r = −0.69; P < 0.001). After adjusting for clinical variables, sarcopenia and VFI, high VFA was a negative prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.05 per Hounsfield unit; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02, 1.08; P = 0.001), CSS (HR: 1.07 per Hounsfield unit; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.12; P = 0.006) and NCS (HR: 1.03 per Hounsfield unit; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.06; P = 0.009). Individuals with high VFA had higher high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels than those with low VFA (0.11 vs. 0.03 mg/dL; P < 0.001). Individuals with SO defined by VFA had worse OS (9% vs. 4%; P < 0.001), CSS (3% vs. 2%; P = 0.02) and NCS (6% vs. 3%; P < 0.001) than those without SO, even in the same BMI (underweight‐to‐normal BMI, OS: 8% vs. 4%; overweight‐to‐obese BMI, OS: 38% vs. 4%; P < 0.001 in both) or VFI category (high VFI, OS: 43% vs. 6%; low VFI, OS: 8% vs. 3%; P < 0.001 in both).ConclusionsHigh VFA was associated with long‐term mortality and low‐grade inflammation. VFA can further stratify the current SO by BMI or VFI, and SO defined by VFA can identify individuals who are most vulnerable to long‐term mortality.
Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Lin , Yao Honghui , Zhang Le , Garcia‐Argibay Miguel , Du Rietz Ebba , Brikell Isabell , Solmi Marco , Cortese Samuele , Ramos‐Quiroga J. Antoni , Ribasés Marta , Chang Zheng , Larsson Henrik 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAttention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co‐occurs with other psychiatric and physical diseases. However, available evidence on associations between ADHD and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is mixed. To systematically review, quantitatively synthesize, and appraise available evidence on the link between ADHD with CVDs, we searched relevant articles in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from inception to May 1, 2022. Study quality was assessed by using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale, and random‐effects model meta‐analyses were performed. A total of 18,391,169 (ADHD: n = 421,224) individuals from 11 studies were included in our systematic review and 8,196,648 (ADHD = 332,619) individuals from five studies were included in the main meta‐analysis of adjusted estimates. Pooled estimates showed that ADHD was significantly associated with an increased risk of CVDs in analyses based on adjusted effect size (odds ratio (OR) = 1.96; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.19–2.23, Q = 140.74, PQ < 0.001, I2 = 97.2%). When restricted among adults, the heterogeneity declined to null (OR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.14–2.62, Q = 6.28, PQ = 0.10, I2 = 6.28%), suggesting age might be the main source of heterogeneity. In subgroup analyses, we found increased risk of CVDs associated with ADHD across age groups, type of CVDs, and data sources. This systematic review and meta‐analyses indicate that ADHD is associated with increased risk for CVDs, but further studies with various study designs are warranted to advance the understanding of the underlying mechanisms for the observed association between ADHD and CVDs. Additional research is also needed to resolve the role of ADHD medications which remains unclear due to the limited number of primary studies exploring this issue.