bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of patient satisfaction following revision total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Quinn Jonathan , Jones Peter , Randle Ray 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatient satisfaction is becoming an increasingly important measure of healthcare quality. Satisfaction following RTKA is poorly described within the literature, resulting in difficulty for clinicians to manage patient expectations and obtain informed consent.MethodsWe investigated postoperative satisfaction of RTKA patients by a single surgeon, using a single prosthesis, at a single institution. Patient satisfaction was assessed using structured telephone assessment questionnaires and review of orthopaedic/hospital records. The effect of patient and surgical characteristics on satisfaction was assessed using correlation coefficients and binary logistic regression in SPSS.ResultsTwo hundred and two RTKAs were performed in 178 patients between 2004 and 2015 inclusive. One hundred and twenty‐four patients (143 RTKAs) were contactable to complete satisfaction assessment. Eighty‐five percent of patients were satisfied and would have the RTKA again, 8% were unsure, 7% would not. Mean reported satisfaction on a numerical scale (1–10) was 8.17 (range 1–10), with 74% of patients scoring 8 or above, and 35% of patients scoring 10. The Mahomed Satisfaction Scale outcomes demonstrated a mean score of 87.7. High positive correlation was found between assessment tools. Logistic regression analysis identified factors contributing to satisfaction included ROM, OKS, BMI, and surgical time.ConclusionThis cohort demonstrated high patient satisfaction rate following RTKA, utilizing simple and reliable outcome measurement tools. We found a high positive correlation between methods of assessment, and moderate positive correlation between satisfaction and functional outcomes. These results contribute to the understanding of satisfaction in RTKA patients, which may assist in informing patients of expected post‐operative outcomes.
The clinical features, management and outcomes of lymphoma in pregnancy: A multicentre study by the Australasian Lymphoma Alliance
Authors: Di Ciaccio Pietro R. , Mills Georgia , Shipton Michael J. , Campbell Belinda , Gregory Gareth , Langfield Jenna , Greenwood Matthew , McKeague Sean , Shanavas Mohammad , Eslick Renee , Kidson‐Gerber Giselle , Smallbone Portia , Tang Catherine , Morris Kirk , Bilmon Ian , Yannakou Costas K. , Badoux Xavier , Berkahn Leanne , Farina Sergio , Mason Kylie D. , Motum Penelope , Goss Kathryn , Hamad Nada 
Published: March 2023

SummaryLymphoma in pregnancy (LIP) presents unique clinical, social and ethical challenges; however, the evidence regarding this clinical scenario is limited. We conducted a multicentre retrospective observational study reporting on the features, management, and outcomes of LIP in patients diagnosed between January 2009 and December 2020 at 16 sites in Australia and New Zealand for the first time. We included diagnoses occurring either during pregnancy or within the first 12 months following delivery. A total of 73 patients were included, 41 diagnosed antenatally (AN cohort) and 32 postnatally (PN cohort). The most common diagnoses were Hodgkin lymphoma (HL; 40 patients), diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL; 11) and primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma (PMBCL; six). At a median follow up of 2.37 years, the 2‐ and 5‐year overall survival (OS) for patients with HL were 91% and 82%. For the combined DLBCL and PMBCL group, the 2‐year OS was 92%. Standard curative chemotherapy regimens were successfully delivered to 64% of women in the AN cohort; however, counselling regarding future fertility and termination of pregnancy were suboptimal, and a standardised approach to staging lacking. Neonatal outcomes were generally favourable. We present a large multicentre cohort of LIP reflecting contemporary practice and identify areas in need of ongoing research.
Why trust? A mixed‐method investigation of the origins and meaning of trust during the COVID‐19 lockdown in Denmark
Authors: Power Séamus A. , Schaeffer Merlin , Heisig Jan P. , Udsen Rebecca , Morton Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTrust is highlighted as central to effective disease management. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, Denmark seemed to embody this understanding. Characterizing the Danish response were high levels of public compliance with government regulations and restrictions coupled with high trust in the government and other members of society. In this article, we first revisit prior claims about the importance of trust in securing compliant citizen behaviour based on a weekly time‐use survey that we conducted during the first weeks of the COVID‐19 pandemic (2 April–18 May 2020). Analysis of activity episodes, rather than merely self‐reported compliance, both reconfirms the importance of institutional trust and nuances prior suggestions of detrimental effects of trust in other citizens. These survey‐based results are further augmented through thematic analysis of 21 in‐depth interviews with respondents sampled from the survey participants. The qualitative analysis reveals two themes, the first focusing on trust in others in Danish society and the second on the history of trust in Denmark. Both themes are based on narratives layered in cultural, institutional and inter‐personal levels and further underline that institutional and social trust are complementary and not countervailing. We conclude by discussing how our analysis suggests pathways towards an increased social contract between governments, institutions and individuals that might be of use during future global emergencies and to the overall functioning of democracies.
Forests are critically important to global pollinator diversity and enhance pollination in adjacent crops
Authors: Ulyshen Michael , Urban‐Mead Katherine R. , Dorey James B. , Rivers James W. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTAlthough the importance of natural habitats to pollinator diversity is widely recognized, the value of forests to pollinating insects has been largely overlooked in many parts of the world. In this review, we (i) establish the importance of forests to global pollinator diversity, (ii) explore the relationship between forest cover and pollinator diversity in mixed‐use landscapes, and (iii) highlight the contributions of forest‐associated pollinators to pollination in adjacent crops. The literature shows unambiguously that native forests support a large number of forest‐dependent species and are thus critically important to global pollinator diversity. Many pollinator taxa require or benefit greatly from resources that are restricted to forests, such as floral resources provided by forest plants (including wind‐pollinated trees), dead wood for nesting, tree resins, and various non‐floral sugar sources (e.g. honeydew). Although landscape‐scale studies generally support the conclusion that forests enhance pollinator diversity, findings are often complicated by spatial scale, focal taxa, landscape context, temporal context, forest type, disturbance history, and external stressors. While some forest loss can be beneficial to pollinators by enhancing habitat complementarity, too much can result in the near‐elimination of forest‐associated species. There is strong evidence from studies of multiple crop types that forest cover can substantially increase yields in adjacent habitats, at least within the foraging ranges of the pollinators involved. The literature also suggests that forests may have enhanced importance to pollinators in the future given their role in mitigating the negative effects of pesticides and climate change. Many questions remain about the amount and configuration of forest cover required to promote the diversity of forest‐associated pollinators and their services within forests and in neighbouring habitats. However, it is clear from the current body of knowledge that any effort to preserve native woody habitats, including the protection of individual trees, will benefit pollinating insects and help maintain the critical services they provide.
Appraising Canada's 1979 Indian Health Policy: Informing co‐development of distinctions‐based Indigenous health legislation
Authors: Mashford‐Pringle Angela , Webb Denise 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAiming to improve the health of First Nations in 1979, the federal government implemented the Indian Health Policy to strengthen community development and the relationship with First Nations peoples, and nurture a trilateral relationship in the healthcare landscape. The Indian Health Policy remains the foundation for First Nations health policy and program development today, even without ever having an implementation plan. We critically appraise the Indian Health Policy to identify gaps and evaluate its impact and progress on subsequent policy evaluations, developments, and recent events in light of the new distinctions‐based Indigenous health legislation underway. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations to inform the federal government's efforts to co‐develop distinctions‐based Indigenous health legislation.
Paths of disclosure – The process of sharing experiences of child sexual abuse
Authors: Landberg Åsa , Kaldal Anna , Eriksson Maria 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe objective was to explore how children and young people retrospectively described disclosure of child sexual abuse in relation to their own agency. Data consists of semi‐structured interviews with 14 participants that had disclosed sexual abuse during childhood. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed with thematical analysis. Participants' descriptions of their own agency in relation to disclosure of child sexual abuse, shows that both silence and disclosure can be active choices. By offering children choices trusting them to make decisions for themselves, their sense of control can be increased.
Xenopus: An in vivo model for studying skin response to ultraviolet B irradiation
Authors: El Mir Joudi , Fedou Sandrine , Thézé Nadine , Morice‐Picard Fanny , Cario Muriel , Fayyad‐Kazan Hussein , Thiébaud Pierre , Rezvani Hamid‐Reza 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUltraviolet B (UVB) in sunlight cause skin damage, ranging from wrinkles to photoaging and skin cancer. UVB can affect genomic DNA by creating cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and pyrimidine–pyrimidine (6–4) photoproducts (6–4PPs). These lesions are mainly repaired by the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system and by photolyase enzymes that are activated by blue light. Our main goal was to validate the use of Xenopus laevis as an in vivo model system for investigating the impact of UVB on skin physiology. The mRNA expression levels of xpc and six other genes of the NER system and CPD/6–4PP photolyases were found at all stages of embryonic development and in all adult tissues tested. When examining Xenopus embryos at different time points after UVB irradiation, we observed a gradual decrease in CPD levels and an increased number of apoptotic cells, together with an epidermal thickening and an increased dendricity of melanocytes. We observed a quick removal of CPDs when embryos are exposed to blue light versus in the dark, confirming the efficient activation of photolyases. A decrease in the number of apoptotic cells and an accelerated return to normal proliferation rate was noted in blue light‐exposed embryos compared with their control counterparts. Overall, a gradual decrease in CPD levels, detection of apoptotic cells, thickening of epidermis, and increased dendricity of melanocytes, emulate human skin responses to UVB and support Xenopus as an appropriate and alternative model for such studies.
Cortical oscillations and interareal synchronization as a preparatory activity for postural response
Authors: Fujio Kimiya , Obata Hiroki , Takeda Kenta , Kawashima Noritaka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNeural mechanisms of human standing are expected to be elucidated for preventing fallings. Postural response evoked by sudden external perturbation originates from various areas in the central nervous system. Recent studies have revealed that the corticospinal pathway is one of the key nodes for an appropriate postural response. The corticospinal pathway that mediates the early part of the electromyographic response is modulated with prediction before a perturbation occurs. Temporal prediction explicitly exhibiting an onset timing contributes to enhancing corticospinal excitability. However, how the cortical activities in the sensorimotor area with temporal prediction are processed before the corticospinal pathway enhancement remains unclear. In this study, using electroencephalography, we investigated how temporal prediction affects both neural oscillations and synchronization between sensorimotor and distal areas. Our results revealed that desynchronization of cortical oscillation at α‐ and β‐bands was observed in the sensorimotor and parietooccipital areas (Cz, CPz, Pz and POz), and those are nested in the phase at θ‐band frequency. Furthermore, a reduction in the interareal phase synchrony in the α‐band was induced after the timing cue for the perturbation onset. The phase synchrony at the low frequency can relay the temporal prediction among the distant areas and initiate the modulation of the local cortical activities. Such modulations contribute to the preparation for sensory processing and motor execution that are necessary for optimal responses.
The microbiome–gut–brain axis in epilepsy: pharmacotherapeutic target from bench evidence for potential bedside applications
Authors: Kundu Snehashis , Nayak Sudipta , Rakshit Debarati , Singh Tanveer , Shukla Rahul , Khatri Dharmendra Kumar , Mishra Awanish 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe gut–brain axis augments the bidirectional communication between the gut and brain and modulates gut homeostasis and the central nervous system through the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, enteroendocrine system, neuroendocrine system, inflammatory and immune pathways. Preclinical and clinical reports showed that gut dysbiosis might play a major regulatory role in neurological diseases such as epilepsy, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease that causes recurrent and unprovoked seizures, and numerous risk factors are implicated in developing epilepsy. Advanced consideration of the gut–microbiota–brain axis can reduce ambiguity about epilepsy pathology, antiepileptic drugs, and effective therapeutic targets. Gut microbiota sequencing analysis reported that the level of Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Fusobacteria, and Firmicutes was increased and the level of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes was decreased in epilepsy patients. Clinical and preclinical studies also indicated that probiotics, ketogenic diet, faecal microbiota transplantation, and antibiotics can improve gut dysbiosis and alleviate seizure by enhancing the abundance of healthy biota. This study aims to give an overview of the connection between gut microbiota, and epilepsy, how gut microbiome changes may cause epilepsy, and whether gut microbiome restoration could be used as a treatment for epilepsy.
Diagnosis and management of spermiostasis in a Shetland stallion
Authors: Frink Abigail R. , Podico Giorgia , Canisso Igor F. 
Published: March 2023

SummarySpermiostasis (or sperm accumulation) is an ejaculatory dysfunction of common occurrence in referral reproductive practice with stallions. The accumulation of sperm in the epididymides, ducti deferens, and ampullae results in ejaculates with a high concentration of degenerated sperm. It is estimated that 5% of light‐breed stallions present this condition; however, the incidence is unknown in ponies as this condition has not been reported in these breeds. The present report describes the diagnosis and management of spermiostasis in a 16‐year‐old Shetland stallion presented for semen collection, evaluation, and cooling test. Semen collection resulted in 73 billion total sperm with necrozoospermia and 67% detached heads. Ten serial semen collections gradually improved sperm motility and morphology. There was no evidence of ampullary plugs in the semen filter throughout the collections. An additional semen collection was procured 48 h after collection 10 for a cooling test. Sodium caseinate cholesterol‐loaded cyclodextrin extender resulted in superior sperm motility compared to the native phosphocaseinate extender up to 48 h post‐cooling in two semen containers. Sixty days after the initial visit, the stallion returned for a semen freezing test. The ejaculate was normozoospermic, and the owner reported that the stallion had satisfactory fertility for live cover after discharge from the hospital. The thermal longevity test of the frozen‐thawed resulted in excellent motility after 120 min of storage at 37°C. In conclusion, herein, we described, apparently for the first time, the occurrence of spermiostasis in a pony stallion. We foresee that other practitioners managing similar clinical cases could have comparable outcomes.
Standing surgical procedure for treatment of otitis media in a horse
Authors: Edgington Lily , Jocelyn Natasha , Davidson Sarah , Looijen Maty G. P. , Rubio‐Martínez Luis M. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryA 13‐year‐old Appaloosa gelding was referred for evaluation of a left‐sided facial nerve paralysis. On clinical examination, the gelding exhibited muzzle deviation to the right, dropped left ear and blepharospasm of the left eye. A Schirmer tear test revealed 66% reduction in tear production in the left eye and a focal corneal ulcer (0.7 cm by 0.7 cm) was present ventrally in the left eye. Endoscopic examination of the upper airways and guttural pouches showed no abnormalities. Computed tomographic examination revealed an accumulation of soft‐tissue attenuating material within the tympanic bulla, consistent with otitis media. Medical management with 30 mg/kg trimethoprim sulfadiazine and 2.2 mg/kg phenylbutazone orally twice a day for 6 weeks was unsuccessful. The non‐perforated tympanic bulla was fenestrated from the left guttural pouch using diode LASER transendoscopically, under standing sedation, to allow drainage of the inner ear. Mucopurulent fluid drained from the tympanic bulla cavity. Endoscopic examination 6 months post‐surgery showed that the fenestrated site had healed over, with no evidence of inflammation at the site. A very mild muzzle deviation to the right was still present 6 months' post surgery but the horse was able to prehend and masticate without difficulty. The procedure was successful, and the clinical signs improved significantly post‐surgery.
Skunk‐associated rabies case in equine from Northern Mexico
Authors: Navarro‐López Roberto , Pérez‐de la Rosa Juan Diego , Solís‐Hernández Mario , Cañez‐de la Fuente Jorge Francisco , Villarreal‐Silva Marcela , Gómez‐Romero Ninnet 
Published: March 2023

SummaryA case of equine skunk‐associated rabies was diagnosed in Northern Mexico. A 4‐year‐old mare with clinical signs of ataxia, self‐mutilation, circling, prostration, anorexia, and death 3 days after the onset of the symptoms was reported. History and clinical signs were consistent with a neurological disease. Brain tissue was collected and examined to confirm the diagnosis. The tissue sample was positive for rabies using immunofluorescence assay; whole genome sequencing and viral isolation in suckling mice were performed. Genetic characterisation based on a fragment of the nucleoprotein sequence revealed that a skunk‐associated rabies virus caused infection in the mare. This report is considered important due to it not being related to bat rabies; therefore, identifying the rabies source species has significant implications for public health as well as veterinary consequences. There is a need for greater awareness regarding zoonotic risks, diagnostic assays, prophylactic measures and the establishment of specific procedures to limit horse attacks from rabid wildlife.
A modified lightweight DNA‐based cryptography method for internet of things devices
Authors: AL‐Shargabi Bassam , Dar Assi Ahmad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe data generated by the applications of the internet of things (IoT) that transmit sensitive and secret information via wireless sensor networks (WSN) must be safeguarded as major components of any cyber physical system (CPS). Interconnected devices, such as IoT devices or objects are viewed as constrained because they lack adequate computational resources. These resources consist of energy, memory, and processing power, however, when attempting to encrypt transferred data using traditional encryption methods, these obstacles offered by IoT devices are viewed as a challenge because their limited resources may dramatically limit the potential and performance of CPS. Therefore, we introduced the modified DNA‐based lightweight encryption method, which relies on the DNA sequence, as a way to get around the fact that IoT devices have insufficient computing processing and storage resources. The randomized structure of the DNA sequence was leveraged in the modified lightweight encryption method to obtain an encryption secret key. The secret key is employed to encrypt and decrypt data generated by IoT devices in a manner that is consistent with the computing capabilities of IoT devices during encryption operations involving substitution, transposition, and circular shifting to increase the confusion level of encrypted data. We also studied the effects of changing the size of the data block along with the key space of the modified DNA‐based lightweight encryption method. Performance and experimental results in terms of key lengths, the amount of time it takes to encrypt, the degree of distortion, and the security level of the modified DNA‐based lightweight encryption method surpass those of currently employed encryption algorithms.
Credit ETFs in Mutual Funds and Corporate Bond Liquidity
Authors: Meli Jeffrey , Todorova Zornitsa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe show that high yield (HY) mutual funds own and trade ETFs to manage liquidity needs driven by fund flows, whereas investment grade (IG) funds do not. The use of ETFs by HY mutual funds to manage liquidity shifts some trading away from bonds and into ETFs, which reduces the liquidity of the underlying bonds. This substitution effect outweighs the better‐understood inclusion effect, whereby bond liquidity benefits from increased ETF ownership, such that the net effect of ETFs is to reduce HY liquidity. In IG, the substitution effect is not significant and ETFs result in increased bond liquidity.
Impacts of Subsurface Dam Construction on Downstream Groundwater Levels and Salinity in Coastal Aquifers
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Brunner Philip , Tokunaga Tomochika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSubsurface dam is a promising engineering technology for groundwater resources development. However, the possible impacts of these dams on the groundwater environment have been a major concern. Here, we used a three‐dimensional (3D), variable‐density, unsaturated‐saturated groundwater flow model to explore how a groundwater‐storage‐type subsurface dam, built in the freshwater domain of an unconfined coastal aquifer, affected groundwater levels and salinity in the downstream area. Model results suggested that, after subsurface dam construction, groundwater levels in the downstream area showed intensified fluctuations in terms of phase advances, greater amplitudes, and higher frequencies following heavy rainfall events. Numerical simulations with variable subsurface dam scenarios indicated that the groundwater level fluctuations were further intensified with a higher crest elevation or a shorter distance from the coast. Moreover, during the recharging period of the subsurface reservoir, sea water in the downstream area intruded landward from its initial location, which can at least temporarily threaten water quality near the coast. A higher dam crest elevation prolonged the duration of sea water intrusion, while a dam positioned closer to the coast induced sea water intrusion with a greater horizontal extent. General implications are discussed with respect to improving assessment methodologies and engineering designs of subsurface dams.