bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health risk assessment of indoor air quality, sociodemographic and kitchen characteristics on respiratory health among women responsible for cooking in urban settings of Oromia region, Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Zewdie Asrat , Degefa Gutama Haile , Donacho Dereje Oljira 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesIn Ethiopia, where biomass fuel is used by the majority of the population, women who are primarily responsible for cooking are at a higher risk of having respiratory symptoms. However, there is limited information on the respiratory symptoms of exposed women. This study assessed the magnitude of respiratory disease symptoms and associated factors among women responsible for cooking in Mattu and Bedele towns, south-west Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 randomly selected women in urban settings in south-west Ethiopia. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a modified version of the American Thoracic Society Respiratory Questionnaire. The data were cleaned, coded and entered into EpiData V.3.1 and exported into SPSS V.22 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with respiratory symptoms at a value of p<0.05.ResultsIt is found that 34.9% of the study participants have respiratory symptoms (95% CI 30.6% to 39.4%). Unimproved floor (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.4 at 95% CI 1.42 to 4.15), presence of thick black soot in the ceiling (AOR=2.1 at 95% CI 1.2 to 3.6), using fuel wood (AOR=2.3 at 95% CI 1.1 to 4.7), using a traditional stove (AOR=3.37 at 95% CI 1.85 to 6.16), long duration of cooking (AOR=2.52 at 95% CI 1.4 to 4.5) and cooking room without a window (AOR=2.4 at 95% CI 1.5 to 3.9) were significantly associated with women’s respiratory symptoms.ConclusionMore than two in six women who cook had respiratory symptoms. Floor, fuel and stove type, soot deposits in the ceiling, duration of cooking and cooking in a room without a window were the identified factors. Appropriate ventilation, improved floor and stove design and the switch to high-efficiency, low-emission fuels could help to lessen the effects of wood smoke on women’s respiratory health.
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of clinically extremely vulnerable children and children living with clinically extremely vulnerable people in Wales: a data linkage study
Authors: Cowley Laura Elizabeth , Hodgson Karen , Song Jiao , Whiffen Tony , Tan Jacinta , John Ann , Bandyopadhyay Amrita , Davies Alisha R 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo determine whether clinically extremely vulnerable (CEV) children or children living with a CEV person in Wales were at greater risk of presenting with anxiety or depression in primary or secondary care during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with children in the general population and to compare patterns of anxiety and depression during the pandemic (23 March 2020–31 January 2021, referred to as 2020/2021) and before the pandemic (23 March 2019–31 January 2020, referred to as 2019/2020), between CEV children and the general population.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional cohort study using anonymised, linked, routinely collected health and administrative data held in the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank. CEV individuals were identified using the COVID-19 shielded patient list.SettingPrimary and secondary healthcare settings covering 80% of the population of Wales.ParticipantsChildren aged 2–17 in Wales: CEV (3769); living with a CEV person (20 033); or neither (415 009).Primary outcome measureFirst record of anxiety or depression in primary or secondary healthcare in 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, identified using Read and International Classification of Diseases V.10 codes.ResultsA Cox regression model adjusted for demographics and history of anxiety or depression revealed that only CEV children were at greater risk of presenting with anxiety or depression during the pandemic compared with the general population (HR=2.27, 95% CI=1.94 to 2.66, p<0.001). Compared with the general population, the risk among CEV children was higher in 2020/2021 (risk ratio 3.04) compared with 2019/2020 (risk ratio 1.90). In 2020/2021, the period prevalence of anxiety or depression increased slightly among CEV children, but declined among the general population.ConclusionsDifferences in the period prevalence of recorded anxiety or depression in healthcare between CEV children and the general population were largely driven by a reduction in presentations to healthcare services by children in the general population during the pandemic.
Photobiomodulation and glass ionomer sealant as complementary treatment for hypersensitivity in molar incisor hypomineralisation in children: protocol for a blinded randomised clinical trial
Authors: Fossati Ana Laura , Sobral Ana Paula Taboada , Hermida Bruno María Laura Laura , Viarengo Natalia Osorio , Sertaje María Roxana Ferreira , Santos Elaine Marcilio , Gonçalves Marcela Letícia Leal , Ferrari Raquel Agnelli Mesquita , Fernandes Kristianne Porta Santos , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini , Motta Lara Jansiski , Bussadori Sandra Kalil 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionPhotobiomodulation has been widely used as a complementary treatment for dentin hypersensitivity, with reports of clinical success. However, the literature offers only one study, in which photobiomodulation was used for the treatment of sensitivity in molars with molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH). The aim of the proposed study is to determine whether photobiomodulation enhances the results of treatment with glass ionomer sealant on molars with MIH that present sensitivity.Methods and analysisThe study involves 50 patients from 6 to 12 years of age that will be randomly allocated in two groups. Group 1 (control group) (n=25): toothpaste with a concentration of fluoride ≤1000 ppm two times a day, glass ionomer sealant and sham low-level laser (LLL) and group 2 (n=25): toothpaste with a concentration of fluoride ≤1000 ppm two times a day, glass ionomer sealant and active LLL. The evaluations will involve MIH record, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), Schiff Cold Air Sensitivity Scale (SCASS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) before the procedure. Immediately after the procedure, the hypersensitivity index (SCASS/VAS) will be registered. Records of OHI and SCASS/VAS will be registered after 48 hours as well as 1 month after the procedure. The persistence of the sealant will also be registered. It is expected that by the second consultation, a decrease in sensitivity will be observed due to the treatments received in the two groups.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been approved by the local medical ethical committee (certificate: CEUCU 220516). The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT05370417.
‘They could not see our eyes, they cannot see our faces, they do not know who we are and that is hard’: a qualitative interview study with staff caring for children and families in a UK specialist children’s hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Aldiss Susie , Gibson Faith , Vindrola-Padros Cecilia , Wray Jo , Kelly Paula 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesDespite lower rates of illness, morbidity and mortality associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children during the COVID-19 pandemic, their health and well-being has been significantly impacted. Emerging evidence indicates that this includes experiences of hospital-based care for them and their families. As part of a series of multisite research studies to undertake a rapid appraisal of perceptions of hospital staff, working during the pandemic, our study focused on clinical and non-clinical staff perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 on aspects of care delivery, preparedness and staffing specific to a specialist children’s hospital.DesignQualitative study using a qualitative rapid appraisal design. Hospital staff participated in a telephone interview. We used a semistructured interview guide, and recorded and transcribed all interviews. Rapid Research Evaluation and Appraisal Lab Rapid Assessment Procedure sheets were used to share data; team-based analysis was facilitated using a framework approach.SettingSpecialist children’s hospital in London, UK.ParticipantsThirty-six staff representing a range of roles within the hospital: 19 (53%) nurses, 7 (19%) medical staff and 10 (28%) other staff groups (including radiographers, managers, play staff, schoolteachers, domestic and portering staff and social workers).ResultsThree overarching themes relating to staff perceptions of the impact on children and families were identified, each containing subthemes: (1) same hospital but different for everyone, (2) families paid the price and (3) the digital world. They illustrated that providing care and treatment for children and families changed profoundly during the pandemic, particularly during lockdown periods. Adaptations to deliver clinical care, play, schooling and other therapies online were rapidly put into action; however, benefits were not universal or always inclusive.ConclusionsThe disruption to a central principle of children’s hospital care—the presence and involvement of families—was of critical concern to staff, suggesting a need for the specific impact of COVID-19 on children’s services to be accounted for.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for patients with fibromyalgia: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Han Xiaochai , He Yu , Yuan Xiangnan , Sun Nianyi , Liu Xueyong 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionFibromyalgia (FM) is an unexplained chronic condition characterised by generalised pain, sleep disturbances, autonomic disturbances, anxiety, fatigue and cognitive impairment. FM is a prevalent chronic disease worldwide that imposes a significant burden on individuals and society. Emerging evidence suggests that environmental interventions, such as exposure to hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), can relieve pain and improve the quality of life in patients with FM. This study will systematically and comprehensively assess the effectiveness and safety of HBOT in patients with FM and provide evidence to support its implementation. We hope that the final review will be helpful in supporting the decision-making processes related to treatment programmes.Methods and analysisThis protocol is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines. Ten key databases, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE (Excerpt Medica Database), PsycINFO, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), PEDro, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WANFANG and VIP (Chinese Scientific Journal Database), will be searched from inception through December 2022 to identify relevant randomised controlled trials examining the effectiveness of HBOT in patients with FM published in English or Chinese. Two reviewers will independently complete the study screening, selection, and data extraction and assess the risk of bias in the included studies using the 0–10 PEDro Scale. Narrative or quantitative syntheses will be performed and a systematic review and meta-analysis will be performed using Review Manager V.5.3 statistical software.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was not required for this protocol. The results of the final review will be disseminated in a peer-­reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022363672
Situation awareness of emergency response centre personnel during chemical incidents: an interview study in a Swedish context
Authors: Karlsson Sofia , Gyllencreutz Lina 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesIf a chemical incident occurs, the emergency response centre (ERC) personnel are the first that are notified. They need to quickly attain situation awareness, based on the information from the caller, in order to dispatch the correct emergency units. The aim of this study is to examine the situation awareness of the personnel working at ERCs—how they perceive, comprehend, project and act during chemical incidents.MethodsSemi-structured individual interviews with 12 participants from the Swedish ERCs were performed. The interviews were analysed with qualitative content analysis.ResultsThree categories of responses were identified. Responses focused on the complexity of identifying chemical incidents, the importance of ensuring the safety of citizens and personnel of emergency organisations and the situation-based dispatch of organisations.ConclusionsThe correct identification of the chemical incident and the involved chemical by the ERC personnel are necessary in order to notify, inform and dispatch the correct units, as well as to ensure the safety of citizens and emergency personnel. More research is needed about the dichotomies of the ERC personnel needing as much information as possible for everyone’s safety versus their responsibility for the safety of the caller as well as between using emergency dispatch index interview guides and trusting their gut feeling.
Observed intervention effects for mortality in randomised clinical trials: a methodological study protocol
Authors: Hansen Mathias Lühr , Jørgensen Caroline Kamp , Thabane Lehana , Rulli Eliana , Biagioli Elena , Chiaruttini Maria , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Mathiesen Ole , Gluud Christian , Jakobsen Janus Christian 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionIt is essential to choose a realistic anticipated intervention effect when calculating a sample size for a randomised clinical trial. Unfortunately, anticipated intervention effects are often inflated, when compared with the ‘true’ intervention effects. This is documented for mortality in critical care trials. A similar pattern might exist across different medical specialties. This study aims to estimate the range of observed intervention effects for all-cause mortality in trials included in Cochrane Reviews, within each Cochrane Review Group.Methods and analysisWe will include randomised clinical trials assessing all-cause mortality as an outcome. Trials will be identified from Cochrane Reviews published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Cochrane Reviews will be clustered according to the registered Cochrane Review Group (eg, Anaesthesia, Emergency and Critical Care) and the statistical analyses will be conducted for each Cochrane Review Group and overall. The median relative risk and IQR for all-cause mortality and the proportion of trials with a relative all-cause mortality risk within seven different ranges will be reported (relative risk below 0.70, 0.70–0.79, 0.80–0.89, 0.90–1.09, 1.10–1.19, 1.20–1.30 and above 1.30). Subgroup analyses will explore the effects of original design, sample size, risk of bias, disease, intervention type, follow-up length, participating centres, funding type, information size and outcome hierarchy.Ethics and disseminationSince we will use summary data from trials already approved by relevant ethical committees, this study does not require ethical approval. Regardless of our findings, the results will be published in an international peer-reviewed journal.
Incidence, prevalence and nature of injuries in padel: a systematic review
Authors: Dahmen Jari , Emanuel Kaj S , Fontanellas-Fes Albert , Verhagen Evert , Kerkhoffs Gino M M J , Pluim Babette M 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveIt is unclear what the incidence, prevalence and nature of injuries are that can occur during playing padel. This study aimed to systematically review the incidence, prevalence and nature of injuries in padel.MethodA literature search was performed up to December 2022 through MEDLINE Ovid, PubMed, Cochrane Library, SportsDiscus and CINAHL. Following database search, article retrieval and title and abstract screening, articles were assessed for eligibility against predefined criteria. Studies were assessed for methodological quality. Data on injuries’ prevalence, incidence and nature of injuries were extracted, analysed and described in a descriptive statistical manner which did not include a pooling strategy as part of a formal meta-analysis.ResultsEight studies with 2022 participants were included (range of mean age: 31–57). The incidence rate was 3 injuries per 1000 hours of padel training and 8 injuries per 1000 matches of padel practice. The overall prevalence range was 40%–95%. The elbow was the most common anatomical site of injury, followed by the knee, shoulder and lower back. Tendinous and muscular injuries were the most reported injury types.ConclusionInjuries are common among padel players, with an incidence rate of 3 per 1000 hours of padel training and 8 per 1000 matches of padel practice—as based on limited literature. The overall prevalence range was 40%–95%. The elbow was the most frequently reported anatomical region concerning location injury distribution, and injuries were mainly of tendinous or muscular origin.
Opioid use and associated factors in 1676 patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a multicentre quality improvement project
Authors: Baillie Samantha , Limdi Jimmy K , Bassi Ash , Fraser Aileen , Parkes Gareth , Scott Glyn , Raine Tim , Lamb Christopher A , Kennedy Nicholas A , Fumis Natalia , Smith Melissa A , Nicolaou Andrew , Emms Holly , Wye John , Lehmann Anouk , Carbery Isabel , Goodhand James , Lees Robert , Beshyah Waleed , Luthra Pavit , Pollok Richard , Selinger Christian 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveDespite its association with poorer outcomes, opioid use in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not well characterised in the UK. We aimed to examine the extent of opioid use, the associated factors and the use of mitigation techniques such as pain-service review and opioid weaning plans among individuals with IBD.MethodsData were collected from consecutive patients attending IBD outpatient appointments at 12 UK hospitals. A predefined questionnaire was used to collect data including patient demographics, IBD history, opioid use in the past year (>2 weeks) and opioid-use mitigation techniques. Additionally, consecutive IBD-related hospital stays leading up to July 2019 were reviewed with data collected regarding opioid use at admission, discharge and follow-up as well as details of the admission indication.ResultsIn 1352 outpatients, 12% had used opioids within the past 12 months. Over half of these individuals were taking opioids for non-IBD pain and less than half had undergone an attempted opioid wean.In 324 hospitalised patients, 27% were prescribed opioids at discharge from hospital. At 12 months postdischarge, 11% were using opioids. Factors associated with opioid use in both cohorts included female sex, Crohn’s disease and previous surgery.Conclusions1 in 10 patients with IBD attending outpatient appointments were opioid exposed in the past year while a quarter of inpatients were discharged with opioids, and 11% continued to use opioids 12 months after discharge. IBD services should aim to identify patients exposed to opioids, reduce exposure where possible and facilitate access to alternative pain management approaches.
Left ventricular ejection fraction and long-term outcomes in women presenting with signs and symptoms of ischaemia
Authors: Wu Stephanie , Wei Janet , Lauzon Marie , Suppogu Nissi , Kelsey Sheryl F , Reis Steven E , Shaw Leslee J , Sopko George , Handberg Eileen , Pepine Carl J , Bairey Merz C Noel 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAlthough women are known to have a relatively higher left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) compared with men, a sex-neutral LVEF threshold continues to be used for clinical management. We sought to investigate the relationship among high (>65%), normal (55%–65%) and low (<55%) LVEF and long-term all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in women presenting with suspected myocardial ischaemia.MethodsA total of 734 women from the Women’s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) were analysed. LVEF was calculated by invasive left ventriculography. The relationship between baseline characteristics, LVEF and outcomes was evaluated. A multivariable Cox regression model was used to assess the association of LVEF with outcomes, after adjusting for known risk factors.ResultsLow LVEF was associated with higher rates of mortality and MACE compared with normal and high LVEF (p<0.0001). Normal LVEF was associated with higher mortality (p=0.047) and rate of myocardial infarctions (MIs) compared with high LVEF (p=0.03). Low LVEF remained a significant predictor of mortality compared with high LVEF (p=0.013) in a multivariable regression model and normal compared with high LVEF trended towards higher mortality (p=0.16).ConclusionAmong women with suspected ischaemia, women with LVEF above the defined normal threshold (>65%) had lower rates of all-cause mortality and non-fatal MI. Further investigation is needed to determine the optimal LVEF in women.Trial registration numberNCT00000554.
Cost-effectiveness of a telemonitoring programme in patients with cardiovascular diseases compared with standard of care
Authors: Ziegler Andreas , Öner Alper , Quadflieg Gisela , Betschart Raphael O , Thiéry Alexandre , Babel Hugo , Mwambi Henry G , Neumeyer Henriette , Mackschin Steffen , Hintz Sissy , Mann Miriam , Dittrich Hermann , Schmidt Christian 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesThe main aim of this work was to analyse the cost-effectiveness of an integrated care concept (NICC) that combines telemonitoring with the support of a care centre in addition to guideline therapy for patients. Secondary aims were to compare health utility and health-related quality of life (QoL) between NICC and standard of care (SoC).MethodsThe randomised controlled CardioCare MV Trial compared NICC and SoC in patients from Mecklenburg-West Pomerania (Germany) with atrial fibrillation, heart failure or treatment-resistant hypertension. QoL was measured using the EQ-5D-5L at baseline, 6 months and 1 year follow-up. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), EQ5D utility scores, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Scores and VAS adjusted life years (VAS-AL) were calculated. Cost data were obtained from health insurance companies, and the payer perspective was taken in health economic analyses. Quantile regression was used with adjustments for stratification variables.ResultsThe net benefit of NICC (QALY) was 0.031 (95% CI 0.012 to 0.050; p=0.001) in this trial involving 957 patients. EQ5D Index values, VAS-ALs and VAS were larger for NICC compared with SoC at 1 year follow-up (all p≤0.004). Direct cost per patient and year were €323 (CI €157 to €489) lower in the NICC group. When 2000 patients are served by the care centre, NICC is cost-effective if one is willing to pay €10 652 per QALY per year.ConclusionNICC was associated with higher QoL and health utility. The programme is cost-effective if one is willing to pay approximately €11 000 per QALY per year.