bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poor Online Patient Ratings of Otolaryngologists in the United States: What are Patients Saying?
Authors: Spiro Grace M. , Sommerfeld Connor S. , Fung Kevin , Quimby Alexandra E. , Pulkki Kristina H. , Fortin Mélyssa , Nguyen Lily HP 
Published: January 2023

Objectives Online patient forums have become a platform for patient education and advocacy in many areas of medicine. The anonymity provided by such forums may encourage honest, candid responses. Using patient online reviews, this study sought to explore themes that arose from negatively perceived care interactions with American otolaryngologists using the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) competency framework. Study Design Qualitative thematic analysis. Methods Through an iterative multistep process, a qualitative thematic analysis was conducted on negative reviews (defined as ratings of two or less out of five) of all American otolaryngologists found on a popular online physician-rating website ( RateMDs.com ). Results A systematic search through the RateMDs website revealed 2950 separate comments of negative reviews. Of these negative reviews, 350 were randomly selected for thematic analysis. The predominant themes that emerged aligned closely with the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) competencies, in particularly with professionalism and interprofessional skills and communication. Conclusions The negative reviews of American otolaryngologists revealed a number of areas where improvements could be made to quality of care. Patients value evidence-based medicine delivered by compassionate and respectful physicians. Isolating and aligning predominant themes within the ACGME framework proved a productive method to collect and organize pertinent patient feedback and integrate teaching into the post-graduate training and continuing professional development in order to avoid such negatively perceived interactions in the future.
Context is All. A Holistic Reformulation of the Tonkin Gulf Incident
Authors: Bennett Simon A. 
Published: January 2023

Incidents and accidents are frequently ascribed to “operator” or “human error.” Until recently accident investigators have focused more on the immediate or proximate causes of incidents and accidents than on such underlying or contextual factors as production imperatives, conditioning, expectation, peer pressure, ergonomics or the quality and currency of rules, procedures and training. Some theorists, however, have attempted to sensitize accident investigators to the potential impact on human perception and behavior of contextual factors. As a consequence of the work of Job (1996), Reason (1995; 1997), Snook (2000) and others accident investigators now have the opportunity to apply a systems approach to accident investigation. The primary purpose of this paper is to illustrate and then test the systems or “context” approach with reference to a major incident with significant outcomes. To this end the work of Job, Reason, Snook and others is used to frame, analyze and draw conclusions from a major incident—the clash between US and North Vietnamese naval forces in the Gulf of Tonkin during the early stages of the Vietnam War. The paper's secondary purpose is to deconstruct, illuminate and explain the incident with a view to adding to (if not correcting a part of) the historical record of the Vietnam War. 2004 marks the 40th anniversary of the Tonkin Gulf incident, described by Wise (1968) as “The Pearl Harbor of the Vietnam War.” Following the alleged second attack on US naval forces by North Vietnamese warships President Johnson ordered a major escalation of the war against the Viet Cong. Today most analysts agree that the second attack never took place. Given the significance and outcomes of the “phantom attack” (for example the loss of 58,000 American and over three million Vietnamese lives) it is important that we understand how and why the attack came to be imagined—for at least two reasons. First because some blamed the escalation of the Vietnam War on the “incompetence” of the sailors of the USS Maddox and USS C. Turner Joy. This misunderstanding has persisted for four decades. Secondly, because consequential military errors still occur—as with the accidental shoot-down of an Iranian Airbus by an American warship in 1988 that some believe led to the Lockerbie bombing. Having applied the “context” approach to the Tonkin Gulf incident it is suggested that such factors as the sailors’ knowledge of the political and diplomatic background to their situation, their duty to protect their ship and very recent encounter with the North Vietnamese led them to “construct” (perceive) a second incident. It is concluded that, as in the 1988 Vincennes incident, knowledges, experiences and expectations bore down upon the sailors to create a threat that existed only in their collective consciousness. In short, the macro impacted the micro experience to the point where judgment was degraded.
Disaster Research in the Social Sciences: Lessons Learned, Challenges, and Future Trajectories
Authors: Rodríguez Havidán , Wachtendorf Tricia , Russell Carla 
Published: January 2023

The Disaster Research Center (DRC) at the University of Delaware, with the financial support of the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the College of Arts and Sciences, held a two-day conference titled “Disaster Research in the Social Sciences: Lessons Learned, Challenges, and Future Trajectories.” The conference highlighted the interdisciplinary and international nature of the disaster research field and focused on: 1) the growth and development of the field of disasters, from the perspective of the Social Sciences; 2) theoretical, methodological, and public policy contributions of the field; 3) lessons learned and best practices that have emerged from this area of research; and 4) future trajectories or opportunities for Social Science research in the study of disasters. Conference participants included leading scholars and researchers, practitioners, representatives from funding organizations, and graduate and undergraduate students. The conference allowed participants to discuss substantive, theoretical, and methodological issues and concerns relevant to the field as well as to generate new research initiatives that will contribute to our understanding and knowledge regarding the study of disasters. Substantive and critical issues discussed during this two-day conference included: the growth and development of disaster research in the Social Sciences; theoretical and methodological contributions and challenges in disaster research; impact of disaster research for practitioners; the role and importance of multi- and inter-disciplinary research in the disaster field; the development of an international research agenda; the role of research centers in training the new generation of researchers; funding disaster research and priorities for the future in a post-9/11 environment; major research areas and issues that need to be developed and explored over the next decade at both the national and international level; and efforts to establish collaborative research initiatives across disciplines and geographical boundaries. DRC was the first Social Science research center in the world devoted to the study of disasters, so it was appropriate and timely that a conference of such magnitude was held at the University of Delaware at a particularly historical moment for the DRC and the field of disaster studies. This conference not only provided a stimulating intellectual environment but it also presented an opportunity to celebrate DRC's 40 th anniversary and to examine the impact and contributions of the Center to the field of disaster research both nationally and internationally. Moreover, during the two-day event, conference participants had an opportunity to pay tribute to Enrico L. Quarantelli and Russell R. Dynes, two of the founding fathers of DRC and disaster research from a social science perspective.
Promotion of Disaster Education in Nepal: The Role of Teachers as Change Agents
Authors: Shiwaku Koichi , Shaw Rajib , Kandel Ram Chandra , Shrestha Surya Narayan , Dixit Amod Mani 
Published: January 2023

Disaster education allows community members to initiate pre-disaster measures at the individual level. The National Society for Earthquake Technology (NSET) has initiated a school safety program in selected government schools in Nepal, one of the most disaster prone countries. This study outlines the current condition of disaster education in Nepal, identifies teachers’ levels of awareness and evaluates the effect of NSET's work. A survey of 130 teachers was conducted in over 40 schools in which it was found that while a level of disaster education in Nepal is widespread, it has not been implemented systematically but depends on the awareness of individual teachers. More teachers in NSET project schools provided disaster education than in the typical government and private schools that were observed. However, the quality of education provided was found to be the same. The teaching focused particularly on the effects of disasters in which the teachers had personal experience. These topics were often covered even if they were not included in the textbooks. The majority of teachers surveyed reported a need for curriculum development in this area. However, considering the results listed above, it can be considered that teacher training is the most important step to improve disaster education in Nepal.
Human Response to Disasters
Authors: Mikami Shunji , Ikeda Ken'ichi 
Published: January 2023

We first discuss psychological response and coping behavior in disaster situations. We confirm earlier findings that people have a tendency to interpret the signs of danger within their daily context and to underestimate the possibility of a disaster. It is suggested that the repetitive and consistent information would help to induce adaptive responses. The typical coping patterns found were: (1) information gathering behavior, (2) activities closely related to one's family, (3) preventive or protective behaviors, and (4) self protection by moving. We found the following six psychological determinants of coping behavior: (1) recognizing the seriousness of the situation, (2) knowing appropriate behavior for the situation faced, (3) expecting the projected coping response to be feasible, (4) perceiving the cost and reward of acting, (5) feeling of imminence of danger and, (6) the state of emotion of those involved. In the last part of the article we examine evacuation behavior in particular, based on our surveys in four communities in Japan. The central factors which determine evacuation decisions were: (1) direct perception of threat, (2) exposure to the evacuation advice, (3) factors relating to family, (4) community preparedness, and (5) ’ demographic charactersties. We distinguish three basic phases in the evacuation process, that is, the timing of evacuation, the choice of transportation, and the sheltering activity. Threat conditions, exposure to evacuation advice, and one's location were found to relate to the timing of evacuation. Most people evacuated by car. No consistent pattern was found in the choice of shelters.
Efficacy of intra-arterial lidocaine administration on pain and inflammatory response after uterine artery embolization for symptomatic fibroids
Authors: Alqahtani Abdulrahman , Han Kichang , Kim So Yeon , Kim Man-Deuk , Kwon Joon Ho , Kim Gyoung Min , Moon Sungmo 
Published: January 2023

Background There have been conflicting outcomes regarding the use of lidocaine to reduce pain after uterine artery embolization (UAE). Purpose To investigate the efficacy of intra-arterial lidocaine injection for pain and inflammatory response control within 24 h of UAE for symptomatic uterine fibroids. Material and Methods Of 1530 patients who underwent UAE for uterine fibroids in 2007–2021, 5 mL of 1% lidocaine was injected into each uterine artery immediately after UAE in 23 patients. A disease-matched control group (n = 23) who did not receive intra-arterial lidocaine was generated from the same registry. The pain score, white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and fentanyl consumption were compared before and after UAE. Complete infarction of the dominant fibroid was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Results Significantly lower WBC count, CRP level, and NLR were noted 24 h after UAE in the lidocaine group. No statistically significant difference was noted in the pain score between groups at 0–24 h. The cumulative fentanyl dose administered during the first 24 h after UAE was not significantly different. After embolization, fibroid-related symptoms resolved in all patients. No significant difference was observed in the rate of complete infarction of the dominant fibroid. Conclusion Lidocaine administration immediately after UAE resulted in a significant reduction in the inflammatory response. However, such a difference in the inflammatory reaction did not contribute to significant reductions in pain scores or fentanyl consumption.
Establishment of acute liver failure model in Tibetan miniature pig and verified by dual plasma molecular adsorption system
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhou Chenjie , Fu Yu , Zhang Linya , Liu Shusong , Cai Lei , Jiang Zesheng , Xu Xiaoping , Feng Lei , Gao Yi 
Published: January 2023

Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a severe liver disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. Animal models are important for research on ALF. This study aimed to establish a reproducible, Tibetan miniature pig model of D-galactosamine-induced ALF and verify it using a dual plasma molecular adsorption system (DPMAS). Methods: Tibet miniature pigs were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C, D) after catheterization. D-galactosamine (D-gal) at 0.45, 0.40, 0.35, and 0.35 g/kg body weight, respectively, was injected through the catheter. Group D was treated with DPMAS 48 h after D-gal administration. Vital signs and blood index values were recorded every 12 h after D-gal administration. H&E, TUNEL, Ki67, and Masson staining tests were performed. Results: After D-gal administration, Tibetan miniature pigs developed different degrees of debilitation, loss of appetite, and jaundice. Survival times of groups A, B, C, and D were 39.7 ± 5.9, 53.0 ± 12.5,61.3 ± 8.1, and 61 ± 7 h, respectively. Blood levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, ammonia, PT, and inflammation factors significantly increased compared with baseline levels in the different groups ( Ps < 0.05). Pathological results revealed a clear liver cell necrosis positive correlation with D-gal dose. However, DPMAS did not increase the survival time in ALF, ammonia, or liver cell necrosis. Conclusion: We successfully established a reproducible Tibetan miniature pig model of d-galactosamine-induced ALF, and we believe that a dosage of 0.35 g/kg is optimal.
Comparison of bivalirudin versus heparin in adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation anticoagulant therapy: A retrospective case-control study
Authors: Tong Yaowei , Rouzhahong Julaiti , Zhou Wangtao , Wang Rui , Wang Yuqiang , Ren Yucheng , Guo Ju , Li Ying , Wang Zhengkai , Song Yunlin 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: There were controversial opinions on the use of bivalirudin versus heparin for anticoagulant therapy in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The aim of our present study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin versus heparin for the maintenance of systemic anticoagulation during adult veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO). Methods: Adult patients who received V-V ECMO support in our center between February 2018and February 2022 were retrospectively recruited. We analyzed their ECMO support time, platelet count, coagulation indicators, blood product infusion volume, the incidence of thrombosis and bleeding, probability of successful weaning of ECMO, and in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 58 patients received V-V ECMO support. Thirty-four patients were finally included according to the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 14 and 20 accepted bivalirudin and heparin for anticoagulant therapy, respectively. The Minimum platelet value (98.50 × 109/L (85.50, 123.75) vs 49.50 × 109/L (31.25, 83.00), p = 0.002) and mean platelet value (149.90 × 109/L (127.40, 164.80) vs 74.55 × 109/L (62.45, 131.60), p = 0.03) and the ratio of successful weaning of ECMO (92.8% vs 60.0%, p = 0.033) in bivalirudin group were significantly higher than those in heparin group. The red blood cell infusion volume (7.00 U (3.00, 13.25) vs 13.75 U (7.25, 22.63), p = 0.039), platelet infusion volume (0.00 mL (0.00, 75.00) vs 300 mL (0.00, 825.00), p = 0.027), and the incidence of major bleeding (0.00% vs 30%, p = 0.024) in bivalirudin group were significantly lower than those in heparin group. Conclusions: In V-V ECMO-supported adult patients, systemic anticoagulation with bivalirudin has achieved the same anticoagulation targets as heparin with less frequency of major bleeding events and lower requirement for blood products without significantly increased risk of thrombosis. Bivalirudin most likely is a safe and effective anticoagulation method for adult patients supported by V-V ECMO.
Exploitation of Labor or Exploitation of Commodities?
Authors: Basu Deepankar 
Published: January 2023

Attempts to use commodities to construct theories of value and use such value theory to claim that, in capitalism, commodities can be exploited, just like labor is, rest on two conceptual flaws: (a) failure to distinguish between labor and labor power and (b) failure to distinguish labor power and other commodities. One way to avoid these conceptual mistakes is to use the labor theory of value. JEL Classification: B51
Maa Hotels: Rebranding and Digital Transformation
Authors: Mishra Anubhav , Sahu Sambit Kumar , Kingaonkar Sayli 
Published: January 2023

The Sahu family has been running the hotel business for 20 years in Odisha, India. The Indian hotel and tourism industry has drastically changed in the last few years with the introduction of the internet, online aggregators and digitally savvy young consumers. Technology has changed consumer behaviour regarding how they search for information before making a purchase decision. Sahu brothers were facing a decline in revenues and rising competition. Mr Satish, a recent MBA graduate from a premier business school, was fully aware of the changing marketing dynamics and the importance of online presence. He shared his learnings about digital marketing with the family and convinced the family to start the digital transformation of their business. The Sahu family first decided to reunite all the different hotels under one umbrella brand of Maa Hotels (the word Maa in Hindi means mother, and the family decided to use the name in reference to the famous Goddess Maa Tarini in Odisha). The family used many components of the digital marketing strategy, including search engine marketing, website creation, social media marketing and content strategy. Satish had to analyse and evaluate the first phase of digital marketing and decide on the next course of action to continue with the transformation journey. Moreover, he had to convince the family to continue investing in digital marketing, and for that, he had to prove that his continuous efforts were needed to increase revenues in the short and long term.
Binge-Spectrum Eating Disorders, Mood, and Food Insecurity in Young Adults With Obesity
Authors: Gardizy Ariana , Lindenfeldar Gretchen , Paul Alexandra , Chao Ariana M. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Disordered eating is common but underrecognized in people with obesity and the relationship of food insecurity, mood, and binge-spectrum eating disorders has not been well addressed in samples with higher weight. Young adults are particularly vulnerable to developing disordered eating. Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of food insecurity, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and loneliness among young adults (aged 18–35 years) who screened positive for binge-spectrum eating disorders (i.e., binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa), those with subthreshold forms of these disorders, and individuals who did not screen positive for these conditions. Method: This was a cross-sectional study of young adults with a self-reported body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 from the United States who were recruited online. Participants ( N = 1,331; M ± SD age = 28.0 ± 3.4 years; body mass index [BMI] = 36.5 ± 6.2 kg/m2; 73.9% male; 56.3% White) completed surveys that evaluated disordered eating behaviors, food insecurity, mood, and lifestyle factors. Results: In the sample, 8.0% of participants screened positive for binge-spectrum eating disorder and 16.0% had probable subthreshold symptoms. Higher depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.03, 1.20], p = .01), perceived stress (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = [1.07, 1.19], p < .001), and food insecurity scores (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = [1.03, 1.21], p = .01) were associated with an increased likelihood of threshold binge-spectrum eating disorders. Conclusion: People with disordered eating should also be evaluated for mood disorders and food insecurity and vice versa. Further research is needed to evaluate interventions that address food insecurity and mood disorders, which may help to decrease disordered eating.
Profiles of the parenting experience in families of autistic children
Authors: Greenlee Jessica L , Hickey Emily , Stelter Claire R , Huynh Tuyen , Hartley Sigan L 
Published: January 2023

Parents of autistic children experience more parenting stress and are at increased risk for poor mental and physical health compared with parents of neurotypical children; however, not all parents are distressed. The present study used a person-centered analytic approach to identify profiles of the parenting experience in a sample of 183 mothers and fathers of an autistic child (5–12 years old) and to examine associations between profile membership and child outcomes. Results indicated three profiles for mothers: Adaptive (41.1%; high authoritative parenting, lowest stress, and highest competence), Average (42.1%; sample average of all parenting indicators), and Distressed (16.8%; high stress, low competence, maladaptive parenting strategies). Fathers were classified into four profiles: Adaptive (33.3%), Average (37.7%), Distressed—Permissive (15.3%; high stress, low competence, permissive parenting strategies), and Distressed—Authoritarian (13.6%; some stress, lowest competence, authoritarian parenting strategies). The profiles differed on child internalizing and externalizing symptoms and autism symptom severity. Comparative analysis also revealed that children did better when at least one parent was included in the Adaptive group. Implications of these findings are discussed and include fostering empowering messages to parents as well as providing useful new insight in the context of family-focused interventions. Lay abstract Research shows that parents of autistic children, on average, are stressed; however, there is likely an array of factors that characterize the parenting experience in the context of autism other than stress. Understanding the diversity in the parenting experiences of both mothers and fathers of autistic children is important in the development of family-based intervention. A total of 188 co-habiting couples with an autistic child described their parenting experiences using a series of questionnaires examining their feelings of stress, parenting competence, and parenting attitudes and behaviors. We then sorted responses into profiles—three for mothers and four for fathers. We found that children of parents who reported the least amount of stress, highest feeling of competence, and use of responsive and directive parenting strategies (the Adaptive profile) had children with the least severe behavioral problems and autism symptoms. It was not necessary for both parents to be in the Adaptive category for child emotional and behavioral problems to less severe. We found that children did just as well when one parent was Adaptive compared with when both parents fell into this category.