bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the demographics of teachers who experience secondary traumatic stress
Authors: Castro Schepers Ofelia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Over the last decade, the prevalence of childhood and adolescent trauma has continued to gain public notice, forcing educational systems to explore the impact of these traumas on students, teachers, and schools. Some have implemented trauma-informed practices that are purported to be effective for supporting students in classrooms. Researchers have explored the possibility of its adverse effect on teachers as secondary traumatic stress. This study aimed to explore Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) in classroom teachers in one small urban school district. STS is said to capture how professionals working closely with traumatized populations are impacted by witnessing their clients' experiences. This phenomenon has adversely affected attrition in other helping professions yet is only recently the focus of educational research.

Methods
The author administered an attitudinal survey to measure levels of STS in one small, urban school district in the U.S. The population sample in this study mirrored that of the district's population and that of national demographics of teachers in the U.S. Descriptive statistics were used to run regression analysis against the STS data.

Results
The findings showed that most teachers experience STS levels within the normal range. White, working-class elementary school teachers experienced higher levels of STS than their K-12 classroom teacher peers.

Implications
The results support a need to continue research on the impact of STS on teachers. Further investigations could inform teacher preparation programs and professional development to identify practices that can help mitigate STS in teachers.
The impact of intravenous dodecafluoropentane on a murine model of acute lung injury
Authors: Mosier Jarrod M. , Sammani Saad , Kempf Carrie , Unger Evan , Garcia Joe G. N. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Intravenous oxygen therapeutics present an appealing option for improving arterial oxygenation in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, while limiting iatrogenic injury from conventional respiratory management.

Methods
We used an established two-hit murine model of acute lung injury (ARDS/VILI) to evaluate the effect of intravenous dodecafluoropentane (DDFPe) on oxygen saturation and bronchoalveolar lavage cell counts and protein levels. Twenty hours after challenge with intratracheal lipopolysaccharide, mice were intubated and ventilated with high tidal volumes (4 h) to produce acute lung injury. DDFPe (0.6 mL/kg) or saline was administered by IV bolus injection at the initiation of mechanical ventilation and again at 2 h. Oxygen saturation was measured every 15 min. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed at the conclusion of the experiment.

Results
The two-hit ARDS/VILI model produced substantial inflammatory acute lung injury reflected by markedly increased bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell counts compared to BAL cell counts in spontaneous breathing controls (5.29 ± 1.50 × 10–6 vs 0.74 ± 0.014 × 10–6 cells/mL) Similarly, BAL protein levels were markedly elevated in ARDS/VILI-challenged mice compared with spontaneous breathing controls (1109.27 ± 223.80 vs 129.6 ± 9.75 ng/mL). We fit a linear mixed effects model that showed a significant difference in oxygen saturation over time between DDFPe-treated mice and saline-treated mice, with separation starting after the 2-h injection. DDFPe-treated ARDS/VILI-challenged mice also exhibited significant reductions in BAL cell counts but not in BAL protein.

Conclusion
DDFPe improves oxygen saturation in a murine model of ARDS/VILI injury with the potential for serving as an intravenous oxygen therapeutic.
Cytomegalovirus enteritis resistant to antiviral drugs improved following total colectomy
Authors: Kawata Sae , Takamatsu Jumpei , Yasue Yuichi , Fukuhara Aya , Kang Jinkoo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, often subclinical in childhood, is reactivated during a state of cell-mediated immunodeficiency. In cases of organ damage, patients can require medical treatment for an infectious disease, generally through the use of antiviral drugs. There are no reports of surgical treatment in cases, where infection was found, and medical treatment was difficult. We encountered a case of CMV enteritis that was difficult to treat because of resistance to antivirals but improved after total colectomy.

Case presentation
A previously healthy, 74-year-old woman visited a doctor with a chief complaint of watery diarrhea persisting for 2 weeks; she was transferred to our hospital because of hypoxemia and hypovolemic shock. Computed tomography scan indicated wall thickening over the entire colon and the patient was diagnosed with infectious colitis. Conservative and antibacterial therapies were started with fasting fluid replacement. Subsequently, bloody stools were observed 11 days after admission. Colonoscopy was then performed, which showed mucosal edema and longitudinal ulcer, while a histopathological examination of the colon mucosa revealed C7HRP positive on 22 days after admission. CMV enteritis was diagnosed, and the antiviral medication, ganciclovir, was started. Diseases causing immunosuppression and other possible causes of enteritis were also closely examined; however, all were negative. Furthermore, the patient’s symptoms and her endoscopic findings did not improve with ganciclovir administration; therefore, the antiviral drug was changed to foscarnet. Unfortunately, the patient did not improve despite the additional administration of gamma globulin and methylprednisolone, and she was determined to have enteritis resistant to medical therapy. A total colon resection was performed 88 days after the admission. Her condition gradually stabilized postoperatively, and oral intake was initiated and tolerated. The patient was transferred to another hospital for rehabilitation for home discharge. She is now at home and has had no recurrences.

Conclusions
In previous reports of surgical treatment for CMV enteritis, many cases were initially undiagnosed, emergency surgery was performed after perforation or stenosis was recognized, and then CMV was diagnosed and treated. In CMV enteritis without immunodeficiency, surgical treatment may be an option if medical treatment is ineffective.
Tracheal bifurcation repair for blunt thoracic trauma in a patient with COVID-19
Authors: Kuriyama Shoji , Imai Kazuhiro , Tozawa Kasumi , Takashima Shinogu , Demura Ryo , Suzuki Haruka , Harata Yuzu , Fujibayashi Tatsuki , Shibano Sumire , Minamiya Yoshihiro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Tracheobronchial injury (TBI) is a rare but potentially life-threatening trauma that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. We present a case in which a patient with COVID-19 infection was successfully treated for a TBI through surgical repair and intensive care with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support.

Case presentation
This is the case of a 31-year-old man transported to a peripheral hospital following a car crash. Tracheal intubation was performed for severe hypoxia and subcutaneous emphysema. Chest computed tomography showed bilateral lung contusion, hemopneumothorax, and penetration of the endotracheal tube beyond the tracheal bifurcation. A TBI was suspected; moreover, his COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction screening test was positive. Requiring emergency surgery, the patient was transferred to a private negative pressure room in our intensive care unit. Due to persistent hypoxia and in preparation for repair, the patient was started on veno-venous ECMO. With ECMO support, tracheobronchial injury repair was performed without intraoperative ventilation. In accordance with the surgery manual for COVID-19 patients in our hospital, all medical staff who treated this patient used personal protective equipment. Partial transection of the tracheal bifurcation membranous wall was detected and repaired using 4-0 monofilament absorbable sutures. The patient was discharged on the 29th postoperative day without postoperative complications.

Conclusions
ECMO support for traumatic TBI in this patient with COVID-19 reduced mortality risk while preventing aerosol exposure to the virus.
Women’s and midwives’ views on the optimum process for informed consent for research in a feasibility study involving an intrapartum intervention: a qualitative study
Authors: Alvarez Mary , Hotton Emily J. , Harding Sam , Ives Jonathan , Crofts Joanna F. , Wade Julia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Recruitment to intrapartum research is complex. Women are expected to understand unfamiliar terminology and assess potential harm versus benefit to their baby and themselves, often when an urgent intervention is required. Time pressures of intrapartum interventions are a major challenge for recruitment discussions taking place during labour, with research midwives expected to present, discuss and answer questions whilst maintaining equipoise. However, little is known about these interactions. An integrated qualitative study (IQS) was used to investigate information provision for women invited to participate in the Assist II feasibility study investigating the OdonAssist™—a novel device for use in assisted vaginal birth with an aim to generate a framework of good practice for information provision.

Methods
Transcripts of in-depth interviews with women participants (n = 25), with recruiting midwives (n = 6) and recruitment discussions between midwives and women (n = 21), accepting or declining participation, were coded and interpreted using thematic analysis and content analysis to investigate what was helpful to women and what could be improved.

Results
Recruiting women to intrapartum research is complicated by factors that impact on women’s understanding and decision-making. Three key themes were derived from the data: (i) a woman-centred recruitment process, (ii) optimising the recruitment discussion and (iii) making a decision for two.

Conclusion
Despite evidence from the literature that women would like information provision and the research discussion to take place in the antenatal period, intrapartum studies still vary in the recruitment processes they offer women. Particularly concerning is that some women are given information for the first time whilst in labour, when they are known to feel particularly vulnerable, and contextual factors may influence decision-making; therefore, we propose a framework for good practice for information provision for research involving interventions initiated in the intrapartum period as a woman centred, and acceptable model of recruitment, which addresses the concerns of women and midwives and facilitates fair inclusion into intrapartum trials.

Trial registration
ISRCTN. This qualitative research was undertaken as part of the ASSIST II Trial (trial registration number: ISRCTN38829082. Prospectively registered on 26/06/2019).
Nano X Image Guidance in radiation therapy: feasibility study protocol for cone beam computed tomography imaging with gravity-induced motion
Authors: Debrot Emily , Liu Paul , Gardner Mark , Heng Soo Min , Chan Chin Hwa , Corde Stephanie , Downes Simon , Jackson Michael , Keall Paul 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
This paper describes the protocol for the Nano X Image Guidance (Nano X IG) trial, a single-institution, clinical imaging study. The Nano X is a prototype fixed-beam radiotherapy system developed to investigate the feasibility of a low-cost, compact radiotherapy system to increase global access to radiation therapy. This study aims to assess the feasibility of volumetric image guidance with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquired during horizontal patient rotation on the Nano X radiotherapy system.

Methods
In the Nano X IG study, we will determine whether radiotherapy image guidance can be performed with the Nano X radiotherapy system where the patient is horizontally rotated while scan projections are acquired. We will acquire both conventional CBCT scans and Nano X CBCT scans for 30 patients aged 18 and above and receiving radiotherapy for head/neck or upper abdomen cancers. For each patient, a panel of experts will assess the image quality of Nano X CBCT scans against conventional CBCT scans. Each patient will receive two Nano X CBCT scans to determine the image quality reproducibility, the extent and reproducibility of patient motion and assess patient tolerance.

Discussion
Fixed-beam radiotherapy systems have the potential to help ease the current shortfall and increase global access to radiotherapy treatment. Advances in image guidance could facilitate fixed-beam radiotherapy using horizontal patient rotation. The efficacy of this radiotherapy approach is dependent on our ability to image and adapt to motion due to rotation and for patients to tolerate rotation during treatment.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04488224. Registered on 27 July 2020.
Effect of propofol versus sevoflurane on auditory and cognitive functions: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hussein Mona , Fathy Wael , Koura Rabab Ahmed , Elmoutaz Hatem , Rashwan Doaa Abou El Kassim , Abdelhamed Hyam Abdelwahab , Elshebawy Haidy 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Hearing loss and cognitive impairment are postoperative complications which need more awareness by anaesthesiologists. We set out to investigate whether sevoflurane or propofol would have a negative impact on auditory function, attention, or auditory memory. This is a prospective randomized controlled study which was conducted on patients who were candidates for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia with either the sevoflurane or the propofol. All included participants were subjected to cognitive and auditory evaluation preoperative and 1 week after the operation. Cognitive assessment included: Paired Associate Learning test (PALT) and Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT). Audiological assessment was done by measuring the auditory brainstem response (ABR).

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between both groups in either age (p value = 0.537) or sex (p value = 0.175). In the propofol group, the postoperative values of LT ABR-I and III were significantly higher than the preoperative ones (p value < 0.001, 0.003), all the postoperative RT ABR waves were significantly higher than the preoperative ones (P < 0.05). In the sevoflurane group, the postoperative values for LTABR-I, III, III–V were significantly higher than the preoperative ones with p value (0.012, 0.008 and 0.009) and the postoperative values for RTABR-III, V, I–III, and III–V were significantly higher than preoperative values (P = 0.041, 0.029, 0.005 and < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between the propofol and sevoflurane groups in all waves of ABR on both sides (P > 0.05). There was a significant worsening between pre- and postoperative PASAT scores in the propofol and sevoflurane groups, respectively, with p value (< 0.001) with no statistically significant difference between both groups (p value = 0.906). In addition, there was a significant worsening between pre- and postoperative PALT scores in the propofol group only (p value = 0.01) with a statistically significant difference between both groups (p value = 0.038).

Conclusions
There was a statistically significant postoperative impairment in auditory function and attention following both the propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia with no significant difference between the two drugs. Whereas, the auditory memory was significantly impaired following the propofol only.
Acne vulgaris: prevalence, severity, and impact on quality of life and self-esteem among Egyptian adolescents
Authors: Tayel Kholoud , Attia Medhat , Agamia Naglaa , Fadl Noha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAcne vulgaris is the most common dermatoses affecting adolescents with significant impact on their quality of life (QoL). The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of acne, severity, and its impact on QoL and self-esteem among Egyptian adolescents.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 787 students were selected using multistage stratified random sampling from 12 secondary schools in Alexandria, Egypt. Data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire, and clinical examination was performed. Severity of acne and its impact on QoL and self-esteem were assessed using the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS), Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI), and Coopersmith self-esteem scale, respectively.ResultsPrevalence of self-reported acne was 34.7%. Females significantly reported acne more frequently than males (39.1% vs. 30.3%,p= 0.009). Prevalence of clinically confirmed acne was 24.4%, with higher rates among females (28.6%) than males (20.2%,p= 0.006). The majority of students had mild acne (75.5%). CADI showed that 11.4% had severe disability. A significant medium positive correlation between GAGS and CADI was found (r= 0.338,p < 0.01). Among acne group, low self-esteem was more prevalent among females (67.0%) than males (45.0%,p= 0.004).ConclusionsAcne is a common problem among Egyptian school-aged adolescents with higher prevalence and impact in females. Our findings should alert health professionals and school authorities to timely identify, manage, and educate adolescents with acne.
Low-cost fuzzy logic-controlled home energy management system
Authors: Acun Furkan , Çunkaş Mehmet 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a low-cost method for real-time energy management in residences. Light, motion, temperature, and sound sensors are system inputs. Lighting, heating, and cooling output powers are set according to sensor data and consumer conditions. The system is controlled by using three different fuzzy logic inference engines together with a microcontroller, sensors, and Nextion HMI display. The lighting, cooling, and heating can be precisely controlled according to the conditions of the house. This ensures that energy consumption is minimized while maintaining an appropriate level of comfort for the users. This shows that the system is designed as user-friendly and can be operated easily by the consumer. Thus, whether the consumers are at home or not, the consumption of electricity, water, and natural gas is controlled, and unnecessary consumption is prevented. The results show that such systems can effectively reduce energy consumption while maintaining user comfort, and this system could be an essential component of home energy management systems.
Deep learning enables parallel camera with enhanced- resolution and computational zoom imaging
Authors: Liu Shu-Bin , Xie Bing-Kun , Yuan Rong-Ying , Zhang Meng-Xuan , Xu Jian-Cheng , Li Lei , Wang Qiong-Hua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh performance imaging in parallel cameras is a worldwide challenge in computational optics studies. However, the existing solutions are suffering from a fundamental contradiction between the field of view (FOV), resolution and bandwidth, in which system speed and FOV decrease as system scale increases. Inspired by the compound eyes of mantis shrimp and zoom cameras, here we break these bottlenecks by proposing a deep learning-based parallel (DLBP) camera, with an 8-μrad instantaneous FOV and 4 × computational zoom at 30 frames per second. Using the DLBP camera, the snapshot of 30-MPs images is captured at 30 fps, leading to orders-of-magnitude reductions in system complexity and costs. Instead of directly capturing photography with large scale, our interactive-zoom platform operates to enhance resolution using deep learning. The proposed end-to-end model mainly consists of multiple convolution layers, attention layers and deconvolution layer, which preserves more detailed information that the image reconstructs in real time compared with the famous super-resolution methods, and it can be applied to any similar system without any modification. Benefiting from computational zoom without any additional drive and optical component, the DLBP camera provides unprecedented-competitive advantages in improving zoom response time (~ 100 ×) over the comparison systems. Herein, with the experimental system described in this work, the DLBP camera provides a novel strategy to solve the inherent contradiction among FOV, resolution and bandwidth.
Bridging community and clinic through digital health: Community-based adaptation of a mobile phone-based heart failure program for remote communities in Uganda
Authors: Wali Sahr , Ssinabulya Isaac , Muhangi Cinderella Ngonzi , Kamarembo Jenipher , Atala Jenifer , Nabadda Martha , Odong Franklin , Akiteng Ann R. , Ross Heather , Mashford-Pringle Angela , Cafazzo Joseph A. , Schwartz Jeremy I. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
In Uganda, limited healthcare access has created a significant burden for patients living with heart failure. With the increasing use of mobile phones, digital health tools could offer an accessible platform for individualized care support. In 2016, our multi-national team adapted a mobile phone-based program for heart failure self-care to the Ugandan context and found that patients using the system showed improvements in their symptoms and quality of life. With approximately 84% of Ugandans residing in rural communities, the Medly Uganda program can provide greater benefit for communities in rural areas with limited access to care. To support the implementation of this program within rural communities, this study worked in partnership with two remote clinics in Northern Uganda to identify the cultural and service level requirements for the program.

Methods
Using the principles from community-based research and user-centered design, we conducted a mixed-methods study composed of 4 participatory consensus cycles, 60 semi-structured interviews (SSI) and 8 iterative co-design meetings at two remote cardiac clinics. Patient surveys were also completed during each SSI to collect data related to cell phone access, community support, and geographic barriers. Qualitative data was analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. The Indigenous method of two-eyed seeing was also embedded within the analysis to help promote local perspectives regarding community care.

Results
Five themes were identified. The burden of travel was recognized as the largest barrier for care, as patients were travelling up to 19 km by motorbike for clinic visits. Despite mixed views on traditional medicine, patients often turned to healers due to the cost of medication and transport. With most patients owning a non-smartphone (n = 29), all participants valued the use of a digital tool to improve equitable access to care. However, to sustain program usage, integrating the role of village health teams (VHTs) to support in-community follow-ups and medication delivery was recognized as pivotal.

Conclusion
The use of a mobile phone-based digital health program can help to reduce the barrier of geography, while empowering remote HF self-care. By leveraging the trusted role of VHTs within the delivery of the program, this will help enable more culturally informed care closer to home.