bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching Physics and Mathematics in Schools: Cognitive Skills and Abilities
Authors: Боброва Л.Н. , Никулова Г.А. 
Published: March 2023

В статье рассмотрены проблемы формирования предметно-когнитивных компетенций, востребованных при изучении дисциплин ядра физико-математического профиля, и мнения двух сторон образовательного процесса (обучающихся и преподавателей) о значимости когнитивных способностей и навыков для успеха учебных действий. Когнитивно-ориентированный подход к обучению является одним из действенных факторов успеха подготовки школьников к дальнейшему освоению физики и математики — наиболее сложных в школе и востребованных технологизированным обществом предметов. Анализ отечественных и зарубежных публикаций позволил выделить базовые когнитивные компетенции при изучении этих дисциплин. Целью исследования являлось определение характера когнитивных затруднений при освоении учебных дисциплин физико-математического профиля в школе и выявление наиболее значимых когнитивных компетенций (когнитивные способности и навыки) при осуществлении конкретных учебных действий. В статье приводятся результаты анализа данных интернет-опроса, которые позволяют установить виды учебной деятельности при изучении физики и математики, вызывающие у школьников наибольшие затруднения. По мнению педагогов, таковыми являются когнитивно насыщенные действия, что дает основания определить направления совершенствования технологий обучения дисциплинам физико-математического профиля. Сделан вывод о необходимости и путях формирования когнитивных навыков, способствующих успешному освоению дисциплин указанного профиля в школе.
The article treats the development of cognitive competencies that enable students to study mathematics and physics. The article also investigates students’ and teachers’ perception of the importance of cognitive skills and abilities. The article maintains that a cognitive approach to teaching and learning mathematics and physics, which are the most difficult subjects and are in high demand in modern technological society, is a necessary prerequisite for academic success. The analysis of Russian and foreign research enables the authors of the article to single out basic cognitive competencies required to learn the subjects. The aim of the research is to explore the nature of cognitive difficulties experienced by students when learning physics and mathematics in schools and to single out cognitive competencies which facilitate the learning process. The article describes the results of the analysis of an internet survey aimed at investigating difficulties experienced by students during the learning process. According to teachers, such difficulties are associated with underdeveloped cognitive skills. The authors underline the importance of developing cognitive skills which facilitate the learning process in physics and mathematics classes.
An Ionized Outflow in Orion-KL Source I?
Authors: Wright Melvyn , Hirota Tomoya , Forbrich Jan , Plambeck Richard , Bally John , Goddi Ciriaco , Ginsburg Adam , McGuire Brett 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We present images at 6 and 14 GHz of Source I (SrcI) in the Kleinmann–Low Nebula in Orion. At higher frequencies, from 43 to 340 GHz, images of this source are dominated by thermal emission from dust in a 100 au diameter circumstellar disk, but at 6 and 14 GHz the emission is elongated along the minor axis of the disk, aligned with the SiO bipolar outflow from the central object. Gaussian fits to the 6, 14, 43, and 99 GHz images find a component along the disk minor axis whose flux and length vary with frequency consistent with free–free emission from an ionized outflow. The data favor a broad outflow from a disk wind, rather than a narrow ionized jet. SrcI was undetected in higher-resolution 5 GHz e-MERLIN observations obtained in 2021. The 5–6 GHz structure of SrcI may be resolved out by the high sidelobe structure of the e-MERLIN synthesized beam, or be time variable.
UOCS-IX. AstroSat/UVIT Study of the Open Cluster NGC 2818: Blue Stragglers, Yellow Stragglers, Planetary Nebula, and their Membership
Authors: Rani Sharmila , Pandey Gajendra , Subramaniam Annapurni , Rao N. Kameswara 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We present the first far-UV (FUV) imaging results of the intermediate-age Galactic open cluster NGC 2818 that has a planetary nebula (PN) within the field using images taken from the Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) aboard AstroSat. We identify cluster members by combining UVIT-detected sources with Gaia EDR3 data. We detect four bright and hot blue straggler stars (BSSs) and two yellow straggler stars (YSSs) based on their location in optical and FUV–optical color–magnitude diagrams. Based on the parameters estimated using spectral energy distributions, we infer that BSSs are either collisional products or might have undetectable white dwarf (WD) companions. Our photometric analysis of YSSs confirms their binarity, consistent with the spectroscopic results. We find YSSs to be formed through a mass-transfer scenario and the hot components are likely to be A-type subdwarfs. A comparison of the radial velocity, Gaia EDR3 proper motion of the PN with the cluster, and reddening toward the PN and the cluster does not rule out the membership of the PN. Comparing the central star’s position with theoretical post‐AGB (pAGB) models suggest that it has already entered the WD cooling phase, and its mass is deduced to be ∼0.66 M
⊙. The corresponding progenitor mass turns out to be ∼2.1 M
⊙, comparable to the turn-off mass of the cluster, implying that the progenitor could have formed in the cluster. We suggest that the NGC 2818 might be one of the few known clusters to host a PN, providing a unique opportunity to test stellar evolution models.
Self-similarities and Power Laws in the Time-resolved Spectra of GRB 190114C, GRB 130427A, GRB 160509A, and GRB 160625B
Authors: Li Liang , Rueda J. A. , Moradi R. , Wang Y. , Xue S. S. , Ruffini R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Binary-driven hypernova (BdHN) models have been adopted to explain the observed properties of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Here, we perform a comprehensive data analysis (temporal and spectral analysis, GeV emission, and afterglow) on GRB 130427A, GRB 160509A, and GRB 160625B. We identify three specific episodes characterized by different observational signatures and show that these episodes can be explained and predicted to occur within the framework of the BdHNe I model, as first observed in GRB 190114C and reported in an accompanying paper. Episode 1 includes the “SN-rise” with the characteristic cutoff power-law spectrum; Episode 2 is initiated by the moment of formation of the black hole, coincident with the onset of the GeV emission and the ultrarelativistic prompt emission phase, and is characterized by a cutoff power law and blackbody spectra; Episode 3 is the “cavity,” with its characteristic featureless spectrum.
CO Excitation in High-z Main-sequence Analogues: Resolved CO(4−3)/CO(3−2) Line Ratios in DYNAMO Galaxies
Authors: Lenkić Laura , Bolatto Alberto D. , Fisher Deanne B. , Abraham Roberto , Glazebrook Karl , Herrera-Camus Rodrigo , Levy Rebecca C. , Obreschkow Danail , Volpert Carolyn G. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The spectral line energy distribution of carbon monoxide contains information about the physical conditions of the star-forming molecular hydrogen gas; however, the relation to local radiation field properties is poorly constrained. Using ∼1–2 kpc scale Atacama Large Millimeter Array observations of CO(3−2) and CO(4−3), we characterize the CO(4−3)/CO(3−2) line ratios of local analogues of main-sequence galaxies at z ∼ 1–2, drawn from the DYnamics of Newly Assembled Massive Objects (DYNAMO) sample. We measure CO(4−3)/CO(3−2) across the disk of each galaxy and find a median line ratio of R
43 = 0.54

−
0.15

+
0.16

for the sample. This is higher than literature estimates of local star-forming galaxies and is consistent with multiple lines of evidence that indicate DYNAMO galaxies, despite residing in the local universe, resemble main-sequence galaxies at z ∼ 1–2. Comparing with existing lower-resolution CO(1−0) observations, we find R
41 and R
31 values in the range ∼0.2–0.3 and ∼0.4–0.8, respectively. We combine our kiloparsec-scale resolved line ratio measurements with Hubble Space Telescope observations of Hα to investigate the relation to the star formation rate surface density and compare this relation to expectations from models. We find increasing CO(4−3)/CO(3−2) with increasing star formation rate surface density; however, models overpredict the line ratios across the range of star formation rate surface densities we probe, in particular at the lower range. Finally, Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy observations with the High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera Plus and Field-Imaging Far-Infrared Line Spectrometer reveal low dust temperatures and no deficit of [Cii] emission with respect to the total infrared luminosity.
Criteria for Dynamical Timescale Mass Transfer of Metal-poor Intermediate-mass Stars
Authors: Ge Hongwei , Tout Christopher A , Chen Xuefei , Sarkar Arnab , Walton Dominic J , Han Zhanwen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The stability criteria of rapid mass transfer and common-envelope evolution are fundamental in binary star evolution. They determine the mass, mass ratio, and orbital distribution of many important systems, such as X-ray binaries, type Ia supernovae, and merging gravitational-wave sources. We use our adiabatic mass-loss model to systematically survey intermediate-mass (IM) stars’ thresholds for dynamical timescale mass transfer. The impact of metallicity on the stellar responses and critical mass ratios is explored. Both tables (Z = 0.001) and fitting formulae (Z = 0.001 and Z = 0.02) of the critical mass ratios of IM stars are provided. An application of our results to intermediate-mass X-ray binaries (IMXBs) is discussed. We find that the predicted upper limit to mass ratios, as a function of orbital period, is consistent with the observed IMXBs that undergo thermal or nuclear timescale mass transfer. According to the observed peak X-ray luminosity, L
X, we predict the range of L
X for IMXBs as a function of the donor mass and the mass-transfer timescale.
The Supersonic Project: The Eccentricity and Rotational Support of SIGOs and DM GHOSts
Authors: Williams Claire E. , Naoz Smadar , Lake William , Chiou Yeou S. , Burkhart Blakesley , Marinacci Federico , Vogelsberger Mark , Chiaki Gen , Nakazato Yurina , Yoshida Naoki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A supersonic relative velocity between dark matter (DM) and baryons (the stream velocity) at the time of recombination induces the formation of low-mass objects with anomalous properties in the early universe. We widen the scope of the “Supersonic Project” paper series to include objects we term Dark Matter + Gas Halos Offset by Streaming (DM GHOSts)—diffuse, DM-enriched structures formed because of a physical offset between the centers of mass of DM and baryonic overdensities. We present an updated numerical investigation of DM GHOSts and Supersonically Induced Gas Objects (SIGOs), including the effects of molecular cooling, in high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations using the AREPO code. Supplemented by an analytical understanding of their ellipsoidal gravitational potentials, we study the population-level properties of these objects, characterizing their morphology, spin, radial mass, and velocity distributions in comparison to classical structures in non-streaming regions. The stream velocity causes deviations from sphericity in both the gas and DM components and lends greater rotational support to the gas. Low-mass (≲105.5
M
⊙) objects in regions of streaming demonstrate core-like rotation and mass profiles. Anomalies in the rotation and morphology of DM GHOSts could represent an early universe analog to observed ultra-faint dwarf galaxies with variations in DM content and unusual rotation curves.
Galaxy Rotation Curves and Universal Scaling Relations: Comparison between Phenomenological and Fermionic Dark Matter Profiles
Authors: Krut A. , Argüelles C. R. , Chavanis P.-H. , Rueda J. A. , Ruffini R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Galaxies show different halo scaling relations such as the radial acceleration relation, the mass discrepancy acceleration relation (MDAR), or the dark matter (DM) surface density relation. At difference with traditional studies using phenomenological ΛCDM halos, we analyze the above relations assuming that DM halos are formed through a maximum entropy principle (MEP) in which the fermionic (quantum) nature of the DM particles is dully accounted for. For the first time, a competitive DM model based on first physical principles, such as (quantum) statistical-mechanics and thermodynamics, is tested against a large data set of galactic observables. In particular, we compare the fermionic DM model with empirical DM profiles: the Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) model, a generalized NFW model accounting for baryonic feedback, the Einasto model, and the Burkert model. For this task, we use a large sample of 120 galaxies taken from the Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves data set, from which we infer the DM content to compare with the models. We find that the radial acceleration relation and MDAR are well explained by all the models with comparable accuracy, while the fits to the individual rotation curves, in contrast, show that cored DM halos are statistically preferred with respect to the cuspy NFW profile. However, very different physical principles justify the flat inner-halo slope in the most-favored DM profiles: while generalized NFW or Einasto models rely on complex baryonic feedback processes, the MEP scenario involves a quasi-thermodynamic equilibrium of the DM particles.
Magnetic Inclination Evolution of Accreting Neutron Stars in Intermediate/Low-mass X-Ray Binaries
Authors: Yang Hao-ran , Li Xiang-dong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The magnetic inclination angle χ, namely the angle between the spin and magnetic axes of a neutron star, plays a vital role in its observational characteristics. However, there are few systematic investigations of its long-term evolution, especially for accreting NSs in binary systems. Applying the model of Biryukov & Abolmasov and the binary evolution code MESA, we simultaneously simulate the evolution of the accretion rate, spin period, magnetic field, and magnetic inclination angle of accreting NSs in intermediate/low X-ray binaries. We show that the evolution of χ depends not only on the initial parameters of the binary systems, but also on the mass transfer history and the efficiency of pulsar loss. Based on the calculated results we present the characteristic distribution of χ for various types of systems including ultracompact X-ray binaries, binary millisecond pulsars, and ultraluminous X-ray sources, and discuss their possible observational implications.
Défendre les revendications nationales ukrainiennes dans la revue dissidente Kontinent
Authors: Cador Johanna 
Published: March 2023

Cet article propose une analyse du discours sur l’Ukraine dans la revue Kontinent , fondée à Paris en 1974 par des dissidents russes et est-européens. Première publication émigrée de langue russe à défendre explicitement l’indépendance de l’Ukraine, elle fut l’une des plateformes de dialogue de l’émigration russe et ukrainienne et a permis d’initier, au sein de l’émigration russe et en Union soviétique, un changement d’état d’esprit quant à la question ukrainienne.
Le moulin hydraulique fortifié de Canet (Aude) : un château/usine des archevêques de Narbonne (XIIIe-début XXe siècle)
Authors: Durand Sylvain , Loppe Frédéric , Lombardi-Peissel Françoise , Boisse Henri de la , Guibal Frédéric 
Published: March 2023

Propriété privée, le moulin de Canet conserve de spectaculaires vestiges médiévaux et des adjonctions postérieures témoignant de son intense utilisation durant sept siècles. Ces dernières années, des recherches bénévoles (histoire, archéologie du bâti, dendrochronologie…) ont abouti à une approche globale de ce véritable château-usine sur l’eau édifié sur la rive droite de l’Aude (commune de Canet (Aude)). La documentation a mis en exergue plusieurs documents inédits, comme la copie d’un procès de 1236 illustrant les toutes premières décennies du moulin ou la comptabilité de la baylie de Canet pour les années 1334-1335 et 1346-1347. On y lit la trajectoire d’un édifice servant à la fois de grand grenier et d’usine à l’archevêque, particulièrement rentable durant tout le Moyen Âge, avant qu’un lent déclin ne s’amorce durant la période moderne en raison des nombreuses et coûteuses réparations apportées à la chaussée. Après la Révolution, plusieurs décennies de quasi-désaffection du site précèdent une vaste modernisation en minoterie, avant l’abandon de l’activité en 1928, après un incendie. L’étude du bâti a révélé plusieurs phases de construction témoignant d’un chantier planifié du XIIIe siècle sur l’usine nord, mais aussi de reconstructions fréquentes de l’usine sud (bas Moyen Âge, époques moderne et contemporaine), en raison de crues ou pour prolonger son activité. Enfin, la présence de pieux et traverses immergés de la chaussée a permis de réaliser des prélèvements dendrochronologiques, dont un a livré une datation du XVe siècle.
Les formes d’attachement au culte de Notre-Dame La Daurade à Toulouse : entre dévotion, patrimoine et tradition
Authors: Rigou-Chemin Bénédicte 
Published: March 2023

La dévotion populaire consacrée à Notre-Dame La Noire à Toulouse s’inscrit dans une tradition séculaire. Si certains aspects de cette dévotion relèvent de pratiques abandonnées, la tradition continue d’opérer pour les nombreux dévots qui au contact de la Vierge, mobilisent de nouvelles formes d’action. À travers l’identification de trois d’entre-elles : la médiation culturelle, la donation et la transmission orale, l’article étudie le rapport des dévots à la tradition contemporaine. Ces formes d’action constituent autant d’attachements qui relient les dévots à une tradition et par ces biais continuent de la rendre vivante.
La solidarité écologique de la science à l’(in)action publique
Authors: Mazé Camille , Ragueneau Olivier 
Published: March 2023

Cet article est destiné à discuter des conditions de possibilité et d’impossibilité de faire du concept juridique (et donc normatif) de solidarité écologique, un instrument efficace pour renforcer l’entrée des politiques publiques dans la transformation vers la soutenabilité. Pour ce faire, il propose de décrypter de manière épistémologique et théorique, les dichotomies socialement construites telles que nature/culture, science/décision ou encore humains/non-humains, et qui structurent aujourd’hui encore les formes de gouvernabilité de nos environnements et des ressources naturelles dont nous dépendons. Nous soutenons que, dans le contexte du changement global, les régimes de gouvernement des relations humains/milieu doivent être réinventés, adaptés à la complexité, au changement et aux incertitudes, défragmentés et désectorisés afin de mieux intégrer les interdépendances comme substrat même de la soutenabilité. Le concept de gouvernance des socio-écosystèmes, fondamentalement basé sur la reconnaissance du principe de solidarité écologique au fort pouvoir transformateur, a selon nous la capacité de rendre ce principe opérationnel pour les politiques publiques. Mais pour ce faire, il est nécessaire de procéder à une introspection anthropologique et à une analyse combinée entre sciences sociales et sciences de la nature, seule capable de mettre au jour les conditions de possibilité et d’impossibilité du transfert de ce concept de la science juridique et de l’écologie elle-même, à l’action publique environnementale. C’est tout l’enjeu de cet article que d’expliciter ce qu’il ressort de cette analyse critique : au-delà des incitations, des injonctions normatives et des initiatives éparses, l’institutionnalisation de la transformation vers la soutenabilité continue d’être freinée à cause de trois types d’asymétries (gaps), étroitement imbriquées : la connaissance, l’implémentation et le pouvoir.
NATION-WIDE SURVEY ON THE USE OF THROMBOPOIETIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS (TPO-RA) FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF IMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN CURRENT CLINICAL PRACTICE IN ITALY
Authors: Rodeghiero Francesco , Napolitano Mariasanta 
Published: March 2023

Background: Two thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA), romiplostim and eltrombopag, are currently widely adopted as second-line ITP therapy even in absence of robust evidence on their comparative advantages over rituximab or splenectomy or their preferential use in some specific clinical contexts.
Methods: An on-line survey was distributed between May 2021 and June 2021 to collect standardized information on the use of TPO-RA in Italy.
Results: Eighty-eight hematologists from 79 centers completed the survey. Eighty-four percent would use TPO-RA earlier than formally indicated, without a preference for young or elderly in 82% of respondents. No clear preference for either romiplostim or eltrombopag was indicated. Seventy-two percent would use TPO-RA in young patients aiming at a complete response followed by tapering, a strategy considered by only 16% in the elderly. Switching between the two agents was considered appropriate in case of insufficient response or intolerance. Tapering schedule by reducing the dosage and prolonging the intervals between administrations was preferred by 73% of respondents. TPO-RA was considered a risk factor for thrombosis by only 35% and 94% would administer TPO-RA in elderly patients also in presence of other thrombotic risk factors. Thirty-three percent of respondents would withdraw TPO-RA in case of thrombosis. TPO-RA administration has been reported as being preferred over anti-CD20 or splenectomy by about half of participants due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusions: Significant discrepancies in the use of TPO-RA emerged from the survey and participants would appreciate a consensus-based specific guidance on the practical use of TPO-RA.
ITPA POLYMORPHISMS AND THE INCIDENCE OF TOXICITIES IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA
Authors: Svasdisant Patpetra , Glomglao Waraporn , Siraprapapat Preeyanun , Inthararujikul Wiyakan , Tachavanich Kalaya , Boonthimat Chetsada , Ardsiri Sakkarin , Chansing Kochpinchon , Sriprach Suwimon , Tongsai Sasima , Sinlapamongkolkul Phakatip , Sanpakit Kleebsabai , Buaboonnam Jassada 
Published: March 2023

Background: 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP), a thiopurine agent, is an indispensable medication for treating pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, its side effects of neutropenia and hepatotoxicity might interrupt treatment, resulting in poor outcomes. Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPA), an enzyme in the thiopurine pathway, may prevent the accumulation of toxic thiopurine metabolites. Studies on ITPA and thiopurine-associated toxicities are scarce.
Methods: This study retrospectively investigated 1- to 15-year-old children with ALL who received 6-MP during the maintenance phase of treatment between 2000 and 2020. Toxicity during the first year of maintenance therapy and the mean dose of 6-MP were analyzed.
Results: The 209 patients had a median age of 4.8 (0.3-14.8) years. Of these, 124 patients (59.3%) had wildtype ITPA, 73 patients (34.9%) had heterozygous ITPA 94C>A (hetITPA), and 12 patients (5.7%) had homozygous ITPA 94C>A (homITPA), with an allele frequency of 0.23. The incidence of neutropenia among ITPA polymorphisms did not significantly differ (P = 0.813). In patients harboring homITPA, transaminitis was more frequent than other polymorphisms but without a significant difference (P = 0.063). The mean dose of 6-MP for patients with homITPA was significantly lower than that for patients with hetITPA or wildtype ITPA (P = 0.016).
Conclusions: HomITPA had a higher incidence of transaminitis and required a significantly larger dose reduction of 6-MP than wildtype ITPA. Further study is warranted to elucidate the effects of ITPA polymorphisms on toxicity in patients with ALL treated with 6-MP.