bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of a single aspheric beam homogenizer for accurate particle sizing application
Authors: Li Jingwen , Zhao Ruqiang , Bi Jiefang , Engarnevis Amin 
Published: April 2023

Understanding, detection, and accurate monitoring of particles are of
utmost importance in various industrial fields and environmental
science. Optical sensors allow for real-time monitoring of particles
at the single species level by analyzing the elastically scattered
light intensities. Nevertheless, since most laser diodes employed for
illuminating the particle generally follow a Gaussian-type intensity
distribution, the non-uniform energy distribution across the aerosol
channel causes considerable errors in the conversion of the scattered
light intensities into the actual particle sizes. In order to achieve
uniform illumination of particles across the aerosol channel and
improve the particle sizing and classification accuracy, we design and
customize a single aspheric lens, which efficiently converts the
divergent Gaussian beam profile of a TO packaged laser diode into a
one-dimensional flattop beam profile along the fast axis at the
desired working distance. A beam uniformity better than 5% has been
achieved. Furthermore, we demonstrate a practical sensing application
using the designed lens for accurate particle sizing, and an obvious
improvement in the accuracy has been achieved compared to that based
on off-the-shelf aspheric lenses. The singlet beam homogenizer
developed in this work has many appealing features (e.g., high
uniformity and energy efficiency, compactness, and low stray light),
which is especially relevant for building portable particle sensors in
order to address various industrial applications where on-site or
remote metrology and classification of particles are required.
Fiber-to-the-room: a key technology for F5G and beyond
Authors: Zhang Dechao , Zhu Jinglong , Liu Xiang , Wu Xuming , Li Junwei , Zeng Yan , Si Xiaoshu , Li Han 
Published: April 2023

Fiber-to-the-room (FTTR) has been proposed as a promising fifth-generation fixed network (F5G) technology for high-quality home networking. Recently, multiple global and regional standardization organizations, e.g., the International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute, and the China Communications Standards Association, have started projects on FTTR. The development of FTTR is in the early stages, and many innovative technologies have emerged. Two essential features of FTTR have been widely recognized. One is the further extension of the operations, administration, and maintenance capabilities of the passive optical network (PON) down to every room, which lays the foundation for collaborative networking of the PON and FTTR. The other is centralized fiber–Wi-Fi integrated networking, which provides telecom-quality Wi-Fi experience and premium home broadband connectivity. This paper reviews the current progress on FTTR. Several experiments that demonstrate FTTR’s two essential features for the first time are presented, providing critical references for future technical developments. Future trends and perspectives of FTTR are also discussed.
Adherence of health workers to guidelines for screening and management of cryptococcal meningitis in Uganda
Authors: Namuju Olivie C. , Namuwenge Proscovia M. , Kwizera Richard , Obuya Emmanuel , Kirumira Paul , Naluyima Rose , Ahimbisibwe Cynthia , Ndyetukira JaneFrancis , Nakato Hawa , Kirungi Robert , Gakuru Jane , Junju Samuel , Nuwagira Edwin , Rutakagirwa Morris , Nsibirwa Sara , Nabitaka Vennie , Nalintya Elizabeth , Mpoza Edward , Muzoora Conrad K. , Musubire Abdu K. , Boulware David R. , Meya David B. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
Health workers’ failure to adhere to guidelines for screening, diagnosis and management of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) remains a significant public health concern. We aimed to assess adherence to the standards of care and management of HIV patients at risk of CM per the MoH guidelines and assess stock management of CM supplies in the period of January to June 2021 at selected public health facilities (HFs) in Uganda.

Methods
The study employed an observational cross-sectional design to assess the level of adherence of health workers to standards of clinical care and management of HIV positive patients at risk of CM as per the clinical guidelines for Uganda, and stock management of CM supplies in the period of January to June 2021in selected public health facilities. The study team used a survey guide designed by MoH to assess and score the screening, diagnosis and management practices of Health Facilities towards CM. Scoring was categorized as red (< 80%), light green (80%-95%), and dark green (˃95%) in the order from worst to best adherence. The data was transcribed into a spread sheet and analysed using STATA–v15.

Results
The study team visited a total of 15 public health facilities including 5 general hospitals, 9 regional referral hospitals (RRHs) and 1 National Referral hospital (NRH). The mean score for adherence to screening and management of CM for all the combined facilities was 15 (64.7%) classified as red. 10 (66.7%) HFs had not performed a baseline CD4 test for eligible patients within 2 weeks of ART initiation. With regards to treatment, 9 (60%) of the HFs were scored as light green on knowledge of the procedure for reconstituting intravenous Liposomal Amphotericin B. None of the HFs visited had potassium chloride tablets in stock.

Conclusion
Major MoH guidelines are generally not being adhered to by health workers while managing cryptococcal meningitis. It is vital that government and implementing partners regularly support HFs with training, mentorship, and support supervision on CM management to improve adherence to CM screening and treatment guidelines.
The association between body image perception and metabolic syndrome in normal-weight adults
Authors: Shin Jieun , Kwak Sungjung 
Published: April 2023

Aim
This study analyzed the association between metabolic syndrome and its components according to body image perception in normal-weight adults.

Background
Management of chronic diseases that are the main cause of death in Korea is essential. The representative cause of the increase in these chronic diseases is metabolic syndrome, and preventing it is essential for chronic disease management.

Methods
For data analysis, this study used data from Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (KNHANES-VII), 2016–2019. A total of 6479 survey respondents with normal BMI, aged 19 to 64 years old, were finally selected for analysis. Analysis was performed separately for men and women because gender-dependent differences were observed in the self-perceived body image types (underestimation, congruence, and overestimation groups). The incidence and risk of metabolic syndrome-related indicators according to body image perception were analyzed.

Results
As a result, it was found that men tending toward underestimation had lower prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome and women tending toward overestimation had higher prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion
This suggests that even individuals with the same BMI can have effects on the prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome depending on their body image perception. This allows the conclusion that subjective body image perception can function as a supplementary predictor of metabolic syndrome.
Measuring for primary prevention: An online survey of local community perspectives on family and domestic violence in regional Australia
Authors: Woods John A. , Ward Andrew C. , Greville Heath S. , Moran Monica C. , Nattabi Barbara , Martin Karen E. , Thompson Sandra C. 
Published: April 2023

Background
Family and domestic violence, encompassing diverse behaviours including physical, sexual, emotional and financial abuse, is endemic worldwide and has multiple adverse health and social consequences. Principal drivers include traditional gender values that disempower women. Changing these is a key prevention strategy. In Australia, high-quality national surveys provide data on public perspectives concerning family and domestic violence but may not capture community-level diversity. As part of a project for primary prevention family and domestic violence in outer regional Australia, our aims were to develop and administer a questionnaire-based survey suitable for the local community encompassing knowledge about, attitudes towards, and personal experiences of family and domestic violence, to describe and to investigate the theoretical (factor) structure and local socio-demographic predictors of responses, and to determine the extent to which the survey findings are locally distinctive.

Methods
The online community survey for local residents (≥15 years), comprised items on respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics plus questions abridged from pre-existing national instruments on knowledge about, attitudes towards, and personal experiences of family and domestic violence. Responses were rake-weighted to correct census-ascertained sample imbalance and investigated using exploratory factor analysis, with sociodemographic predictors determined using multiple linear regression and dominance analysis.

Results
Among 914 respondents, males (27.0%), those from age-group extremes, and less-educated persons were underrepresented. Familiarity with diverse family and domestic violence behaviours was high among all subgroups. Poorer knowledge of the FDV behaviour continuum and attitudes supporting traditional gender roles and FDV were disproportionately evident among males, older respondents and those with lower education levels. Both the factor structure of extracted composite measures reflecting community perspectives and sociodemographic predictors of responses generally aligned with patterns evident in national data.

Conclusions
Local reinforcement of existing nationwide findings on community understanding of and attitudes towards family and domestic violence provides salience for targeted interventions.
Dianthus × belkinii (Caryophyllaceae), a new hybrid taxon from Altai
Authors: Smirnov Sergey V. , Skaptsov Michail V. , Uvarova Olga V. , Hoffmann Mathias , Kechaykin Aleksey A. , Shmakov Alexander I. 
Published: April 2023

Dianthus × belkinii is an intersectional hybrid newly described from the Republic of Altai (Talduair massif). This taxon was also noted in Mongolia (Bayan-Ulegei aimag). The article describes the morphological features of the new taxon and discusses its relationship with parental species. The described hybrid has intermediate morphological features between the parental species, most notable are the fringed corollas. The stems are sparsely branched, relatively tall and similar to those of D. superbus. The calyx lobes and bracts are transitional between D. superbus and D. versicolor. The limb of the corolla is cut for ⅓–¼ of its length into a few lobes. Cytometry data showed an identical ploidy level of the new taxon and its putative parent species. The average value of the relative DNA content is almost intermediate, however, somewhat closer to D. versicolor. The ITS sequences of D. × belkinii show characteristic double peaks, which may point to a hybridogeneous origin of the plants. Identical chloroplast DNA sequences with D. versicolor but differences to D. superbus suggests that D. versicolor may be the maternal parent of this hybrid. Based on these polymorphisms, it is possible to state that the ITS sequence and D. versicolor × superbus itself are of a hybrid nature, where D. versicolor and D. superbus are the parent forms.
“Not All That Fistulizes Is Crohn's Disease”: A Rare Case of Ischemic Jejunocolic Fistula
Authors: Gala Khushboo , Ghusn Wissam , Chedid Victor 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Enterocolic fistulae lead to abnormal diversion of gastrointestinal contents from the small intestine to the colon, causing diarrhea and protein energy malnutrition. We describe a rare case of a 40-year-old patient presenting with chronic diarrhea, unintentional weight loss, sitophobia, and severe abdominal pain in the setting of extensive thrombosis due to JAK2 V617F mutant disorder and associated tobacco use. Computed tomography enterography demonstrated an enterocolic fistula (jejunum to cecum), and a colonoscopy confirmed a 4 mm fistula in the cecum. The patient was nutritionally optimized with plans for a surgical fistula takedown in the future.
Feasibility for cage farming in Africa: The case of the Kenyan part of Lake Victoria
Authors: Shitote Zacharia , Munala Norman Osieko , Maremwa Julius S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFish catches in Lake Victoria have been on the decline, while demand for fish has been increasing because of rapid human population growth and awareness of the health benefits of fish. This decline is attributed to socioeconomic activities around the lake and climate change effects. To bridge the gap, cage culture has presented itself as a new socioeconomic frontier with good prospects for income in Lake Victoria, besides conserving declining wild fish stocks. However, these cages are greatly influencing the biodiversity of the lake both negative and positive. The study adopted a descriptive survey research where a total of 200 cage fish farmers were targeted. A sample of 60 fish farmers was selected using purposive and simple random sampling methods. Interview schedules and self-administered questionnaires were the main tools for data collection. Both primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The results were: the majority of cage fish farmers were male (87%) while the female was 13%, with a majority (75%) of the secondary and tertiary level of education. The beach management units and fish farmers were responsible for siting of cages. The fish farmers experienced several challenges including high cost of feeds leading to the use of poor quality feeds that sink and increase eutrophication, which enhances the growth of algae and water hyacinth in the lake. Overstocking leads to the emergence of diseases and fish kills, and fish theft resulting in economic loss. Most (80%) of respondents were not aware of policy guidelines on cage culture in Lake Victoria, while (75%) were not aware if cage culture was promoting climate change effects in Lake Victoria. This paper recommends the government to create awareness of policy guidelines on cage fish farming.
Challenges to the lake fisheries, and factors affecting the effectiveness of a co-management regime in African Great Lakes: A case study of Lake Victoria, Kenya
Authors: Odoli C.O. , Owiti H. , Mwamburi J. , Oduor-Odote P. , Nyaboke H. , Nyamweya C. , Aura C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere is a common agreement that establishment of co-management could be of benefit to fisher community and other stakeholders across the African Great Lakes. This could aid in promoting community livelihoods and sustainability of the fishery and lakes ecosystem. However, the effectiveness of established co-management regimes remains unknown. This study evaluated the effectiveness of established co-management units, specifically Beach Management Units, along Lake Victoria, Kenya. Data was collected through site observations, and questionnaire led interviews involving the key informants and Beach Management Units’ members. The study depicted presence of illegal gears (5.7%), pollution (10.2%), insecurity (3.4%) and targeting of undersized fish (1.1%) among others. The role of the management units in lessening aforesaid challenges was reported overall to be below 36%. Features donating to overall performance, enforcement, conflict resolution, welfare and awareness creation, were rated at 17.6%, 33.8%, 35.5% and 13.2% correspondingly. The low rating of such measurable attributes advocates lack of effectiveness of co-management in Lake Victoria, Kenya. Albeit key registers and records were known to most of the members, there were no signs of progressive growth in the management units. This was attributed mainly to lack of continuous awareness creation amid the changing lake environmental conditions and dynamics in the specific species fishery. There is need to sustain the achievements so far attained in promoting co-management and ecosystem sustainability, as enforcement of laws and regulations can be a challenging undertaking without government support. Governments should ensure financial and material provision in expanding capacity of co-management units in promoting community livelihoods and fishery sustainability.
Protection of fish breeding areas in Lake Baringo and the potential for sustainable resource management
Authors: Mugo James , Odoli Cyprian , Nyakeya Kobingi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLake Baringo (located in Kenya, East Africa) fishery is currently under perturbation with diverse annual fluctuations in the catch landings. In an attempt to remedy the declining fishery, Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Department and Beach Management Units, identified and demarcated three fish breeding areas for protection. To assess the effectiveness of these protected fish breeding areas, three fleets of multifilament gillnets (mesh sizes; 25.4 to 203.2 mm) were set between February and December 2018. One fleet was set inside the breeding area, whereas the other two fleets were set 200m and 400m outsides. Fish species abundance, size structure and maturity stages were analyzed from the catch. Fish species abundance was higher within fish breeding areas (67.8%) than outside (32.2%). Labeobarbus intermedius was the most abundant (55.3 %), followed by Oreochromis niloticus baringoensis (29.9%), Labeo cylindricus (13.2%) and Clarias gariepinus (1.7%). Even though larger fish sizes were recorded outside than inside fish breeding areas, they were not statistically different irrespective of seasons (P˃0.05). Majority of the fish (approx. 70%) both inside and outside the breeding areas were in gonad stages 1 and 2. The results indicate that the three areas have great potential to increase fish productivity through fish recruitment and subsequent spillover into fishing grounds. It is recommended that stakeholders, especially Beach Management Units and County Government Department of Fisheries, focus on actualizing the protection of fish breeding areas through enhanced monitoring and surveillance. Fishers should also be sensitized on protected areas concept, coupled with the need to use proper mesh sizes and fishing effort. Beach Management Units should be strengthened as co-management units to guarantee sustainable fisheries resource utilization in Lake Baringo.
Conferencia: Geografía en transición hacia el mundo que viene Federico Fernández Christlieb
Authors: Marcó del Pont Lalli Raúl 
Published: April 2023

Conferencia: Geografía en transición hacia el mundo que viene ederico Fernández Christlieb Fórum del Instituto de Geografía, UNAM Auditorio “Ing. Geog. Francisco Díaz Covarrubias” 04510 Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 12:00 horas, viernes, 3 de marzo de 2023
Accountability of village fund management during the covid-19 pandemic (Study on village government in Dayun District, Siak Regency)
Authors: Purba Sahala , Napitupulu Junika , Siregar Andro 
Published: April 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of the competence of village government officials, citizen participation, application of information technology, organizational commitment, transparency, and internal control systems on the accountability of village fund management in village government. This study is a quantitative study using primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires. The analysis method used is multiple linear regression. This study was conducted in 11 villages in Dayun District, Siak Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia.Â Each village was represented by 4 respondents consisting of the village head, village secretary, financial officer, and 1 member of the Village Consultative Agency (BPD). The research was conducted from April to May 2022. The results show that the competence of village officials, citizen participation, the application of information technology, and internal control systems have an effect on the accountability of village fund management, but organizational commitment and transparency have no effect on the accountability of village fund management. Adequate competence of village officials, high citizen participation, application of good information technology, and application of an appropriate internal control system can increase the accountability of village fund management during the COVID-19 pandemic.
New accounting ideology as the efforts of preventing the fraudulent financial reporting
Authors: Shonhadji Nanang 
Published: April 2023

This study aims to conceptualize Â a accounting ideology with a divinity ideology to prevent fraudulent financial reporting. This research is a non-mainstream research with a grounded theory method. Theorizing of new ideological is for building to prevent the fraudulent accounting and financial crime practices. The research site is the practice of financial accounting in Indonesia by utilizing primary data from selected informants. The results show that when accounting is born in a capitalistic environment, the information it conveys is profit-oriented. Then the economic decisions and actions taken are also money oriented. Finally, the reality that is created is the reality to gain profit or money which leads to fraudulent behavior. Therefore we need a concept of accounting ideology that is able to present universal spiritual values to prevent fraudulent financial reporting. This spiritual value were manifested in the reconstruction of the accounting ideology as monotheism, trustworthiness, mashlahah, sincerity, fairness, ihsan, istikhlaf, ukhuwwah, shiddiiq and qanaah which will be the basis for the mindset and behavior of accountants so as not to commit fraudulent financial reporting.
ANTI PARTAI POLITIK ISLAM DALAM PEMIKIRAN NURCHOLIS MADJID
Authors: Azizi Shohibul 
Published: April 2023

In 1970, Nurcholish Madjid stated "Islam yes, islamic parties no" within his speech in Menteng Raya Jakarta in the moment of night meeting among the organization of youths, leaners, students, and scholars of moslem coming form HMI (Himpunan Mahasiswa Islam), GPI (Gerakan Pemuda Islam), PII (Pelajar Islam Indonesia) and Persami (Persatuan Sarjana Muslim Indonesia). He is not interested in islamic parties, since the leaders of the islamic parties existing in that time did not became the transmitters ofmoslem community's aspiration any longer. Instead, they only struggled their parties and their own interests. Beside, they also were devided into different denominations who had no strong commitment to the struggle of moslem community. He asserts his standpoint that his commitment is merely to Islam, not to Islamic institution.