bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Special features of the dynamic cutting process analysis in the machining of titanium alloys
Authors: She Xianning , Yevtushenko N 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe achievement of high accuracy parameters and the surface layer quality of the machined surface greatly depends on the dynamic stability of the system “Machine-Fixture-Tool-Workpiece”. It is especially important for machining titanium alloys because intensive tool vibrations are generated due to the adiabatic shear phenomenon. The causes and consequences of such effects are described in the article. The paper also describes a specific method for studying the dynamic state of the cutting system of titanium alloys, based on the system integration of the classical method of the analytical description of the vibration processes arising when machining and the method of rheological simulation of the cutting process. Two important problems are proposed to be solved for the effective analysis of the system modeling results: first, it is the filtering of the noise signal with preservation of the limiting values of modeling results and maximum sensitivity using the Savitsky-Golay mathematical apparatus; second, the problem of approximation and interpolation of the filtered function of cutting parameters by Fourier transform in time.
Analysis of exploration parameters of industrial car jack used in car services in Kazakhstan
Authors: Nurkusheva Saltanat , Bembenek Michał 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article deals with the problem of the effective use of car jacks for passenger cars. The aim of the study is to create a theoretical basis for improving the efficiency and safety of the application of car jacks in car service enterprises. Based on the analysis of the review of existing designs, which are used in the technological process of car service, the universal classification of the car jack is modernized. As a result of the study, a comparison of technical indicators of the types of car jacks used in car service centers in Kazakhstan has been carried out. We propose an optimal range of load capacity. The results of the work, when implemented in the practice of design, will provide a reasonable reduction in the present costs of equipping the lifting equipment in car service stations and the operation of car jacks at the expense of more advanced methods of calculation and design.
A handheld bioprinter for multi-material printing of complex constructs
Authors: Pagan Erik , Stefanek Evan , Seyfoori Amir , Razzaghi Mahmood , Chehri Behnad , Mousavi Ali , Arnaldi Pietro , Ajji Zineb , Dartora Daniela Ravizzoni , Dabiri Seyed Mohammad Hossein , Nuyt Anne Monique , Khademhosseini Ali , Savoji Houman , Akbari Mohsen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

In situ bioprinting—the process of depositing bioinks at a defected area, has recently emerged as a versatile technology for tissue repair and restoration via site-specific delivery of pro-healing constructs. The ability to print multiple materials in situ is an exciting approach that allows simultaneous or sequential dispensing of different materials and cells to achieve tissue biomimicry. Herein, we report a modular handheld bioprinter that deposits a variety of bioinks in situ with exquisite control over their physical and chemical properties. Combined stereolithography 3D printing and microfluidic technologies allowed us to develop a novel low-priced handheld bioprinter. The ergonomic design of the handheld bioprinter facilitate the shape-controlled biofabrication of multi-component fibers with different cross-sectional shapes and material compositions. Furthermore, the capabilities of the produced fibers in the local delivery of therapeutic agents was demonstrated by incorporating drug-loaded microcarriers, extending the application of the printed fibers to on-demand, temporal, and dosage-control drug delivery platforms. Also, the versatility of this platform to produce biosensors and wearable electronics was demonstrated via incorporating conductive materials and integrating pH-responsive dyes. The handheld printer’s efficacy in generating cell-laden fibers with high cell viability for site-specific cell delivery was shown by producing single-component and multi-component cell-laden fibers. In particular, the multi-component fibers were able to model the invasion of cancer cells into the adjacent tissue.
Comparative radiosensitization efficiency assessment of graphene oxide and Ti3C2 MXene as 2D carbon-based nanoparticles against breast cancer cells: characterization, toxicity and mechanisms
Authors: Joze-Majidi Hoomaan , Zabihi Erfan , Arab-Bafrani Zahra , Mir Seyed Mostafa , Reiter Russel J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The efficacy of two carbon-based nanomaterials, graphene oxide (GO) and Ti3C2 MXene (MX), on the radiosensitivity of the breast cancer cells (BCCs) was investigated using clinical x-ray irradiation. The prepared GO and MX nanoparticles (NPs) were firstly characterized utilizing Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet–visible, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy techniques and subsequently assessed in terms of their radiobiological properties. The results of the cell toxicity assay indicated that neither NPs exhibited significant cytotoxicity after 48 h incubation with BCC up to 50 µg ml−1 concentration without irradiation. The cell internalization results showed an approximately equivalent cellular uptake for both NPs after 6 h incubation with BCC. Our comparative studies with radiotherapy demonstrated that both NPs substantially increased cell proliferation inhibition and cell apoptosis of BCC under x-ray irradiation when compared to BCC treated with irradiation alone. Additionally, the 2ʹ,7ʹ-dichlorofluorescin diacetate flow cytometry results and fluorescent microscopy images revealed that both NPs remarkably increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in BCC under x-ray irradiation. The MX nanosheets exhibited superior radiosensitization efficiency than GO under x-ray irradiation due to its higher level of intracellular ROS generation (MX = 75.2% and GO = 65.2%). Clonogenic cell survival assay and extracted radiobiological parameters revealed that both NPs in combination with x-ray irradiation induced more lethal damage and less sublethal damage to BCC. Generally, the obtained results demonstrate that the MX NPs, as a stronger radiosensitizer than GO, could be a promising candidate for enhancing the effectiveness of radiotherapy in breast cancer treatment.
The motion and growth behaviors of nucleuses in Al melt solidified under supergravity condition—molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Gan Xianglai , Hu Wangyu , Huang Bowen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
That supergravity can refine grains is verified in many materials. However, the underlying mechanism is still an open question. Although some convincing theories have been proposed, including the ‘crystal rain’ theory and the dendrite fragmentation theory, there is a lack of solid evidence, especially from the atomic scale. Based on the presetting nucleuses method, this study investigates the motion and growth behaviors of nucleuses during the solidification process of Al melt under supergravity condition with molecular dynamics simulation. It is found that supergravity builds a gradient pressure in the samples along the direction of supergravity, and the gradient pressure results in the gradient distribution of sample density. The preset nucleuses move directionally along the direction of supergravity forming ‘crystal rain’, while their directional moving velocity decreases due to the increase of buoyancy, which is caused by the increase of melt density in the motion path of the nucleuses. The supergravity-induced pressure not only decreases the critical size of nucleuses but also increases the growth velocity of nucleuses. The research results also indicate that larger nucleuses grow much faster than smaller ones at the same pressure. Owing to the gradient distribution of pressure, the nucleuses grow much faster along the direction of supergravity than other directions and evolve into an ‘inverted cone’ shape. Therefore, these findings show that supergravity can change the nucleation, motion and growth of nucleuses by establishing a gradient pressure in the melt, thus affecting the microstructure of the casting. Our results provide solid support for the ‘crystal rain’ theory and the nucleation rate rising theory from atomic scale.
Accurate and efficient protein sequence design through learning concise local environment of residues
Authors: Huang Bin , Fan Tingwen , Wang Kaiyue , Zhang Haicang , Yu Chungong , Nie Shuyu , Qi Yangshuo , Zheng Wei-Mou , Han Jian , Fan Zheng , Sun Shiwei , Ye Sheng , Yang Huaiyi , Bu Dongbo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMotivationComputational protein sequence design has been widely applied in rational protein engineering and increasing the design accuracy and efficiency is highly desired.ResultsHere, we present ProDESIGN-LE, an accurate and efficient approach to protein sequence design. ProDESIGN-LE adopts a concise but informative representation of the residue’s local environment and trains a transformer to learn the correlation between local environment of residues and their amino acid types. For a target backbone structure, ProDESIGN-LE uses the transformer to assign an appropriate residue type for each position based on its local environment within this structure, eventually acquiring a designed sequence with all residues fitting well with their local environments. We applied ProDESIGN-LE to design sequences for 68 naturally occurring and 129 hallucinated proteins within 20 s per protein on average. The designed proteins have their predicted structures perfectly resembling the target structures with a state-of-the-art average TM-score exceeding 0.80. We further experimentally validated ProDESIGN-LE by designing five sequences for an enzyme, chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase type III (CAT III), and recombinantly expressing the proteins in Escherichia coli. Of these proteins, three exhibited excellent solubility, and one yielded monomeric species with circular dichroism spectra consistent with the natural CAT III protein.Availability and implementationThe source code of ProDESIGN-LE is available at https://github.com/bigict/ProDESIGN-LE.
High- vs. low-dose diclofenac and cardiovascular risks: a target trial emulation
Authors: Schmidt Morten , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Hauge Ellen-Margrethe , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Pedersen Lars 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
To examine the dose dependency of diclofenac's cardiovascular risks.

Methods and results
Using Danish health registries and the target trial emulation design, we conducted a series of 300 nationwide cohort studies during 1996–2020, each mimicking the strict design criteria of a clinical trial. Adults eligible for inclusion had no recent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug prescriptions, contraindications (gastrointestinal diseases, thrombocytopenia, or heart failure), or conditions with low adherence (dementia or psychiatric disease). Diclofenac initiators were compared to healthcare-seeking non-initiators and head-to-head using an approximated high dose of ≥150 mg/day vs. low dose of &lt;150 mg/day. Cox regression was used to compute the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within 30 days following initiation. We adjusted for age, sex, calendar period, comorbidity, comedication, and socioeconomic position. Compared with non-initiators (n = 3 789 617), diclofenac initiators (n = 1 894 834) had an approximately 50% increased rate of MACE (IRR 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43–1.63), reflecting IRRs of 1.54 (95% CI: 1.40–1.69) for myocardial infarction, 1.29 (1.14–1.45) for ischaemic stroke, and 1.92 (1.71–2.16) for cardiac death. The risk increase was observed for most conditions with chronic pain, in particular headache (IRR 5.10, 95% CI: 1.46–17.85). The risk increase was similar for initiators of high- (IRR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.40–1.71) and low-dose diclofenac (IRR 1.52, 1.41–1.63), which was confirmed in a head-to-head analysis (IRR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.90–1.12).

Conclusions
Initiators of high- and low-dose diclofenac had comparably increased cardiovascular risks. This finding provides evidence against the assumption that low-dose diclofenac is risk-neutral.
Adverse outcomes of atrial fibrillation ablation in heart failure patients with and without cardiac amyloidosis: a Nationwide Readmissions Database analysis (2015–2019)
Authors: Ullah Waqas , Ruge Max , Hajduczok Alexander G , Kochar Kirpal , Frisch Daniel R , Pavri Behzad B , Alvarez Rene , Rajapreyar Indranee N , Brailovsky Yevgeniy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
Atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA) has been linked with a worse prognosis. The current study aimed to determine the outcomes of AF catheter ablation in patients with CA.

Methods and results
The Nationwide Readmissions Database (2015–2019) was used to identify patients with AF and concomitant heart failure. Among these, patients who underwent catheter ablation were classified into two groups, patients with and without CA. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of index admission and 30-day readmission outcomes was calculated using a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. A total of 148 134 patients with AF undergoing catheter ablation were identified on crude analysis. Using PSM analysis, 616 patients (293 CA-AF, 323 non-CA-AF) were selected based on a balanced distribution of baseline comorbidities. At index admission, AF ablation in patients with CA was associated with significantly higher adjusted odds of net adverse clinical events (NACE) [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.21, 95% CI 1.7–5.20], in-hospital mortality (aOR 9.03, 95% CI 1.12–72.70), and pericardial effusion (aOR 3.30, 95% CI 1.57–6.93) compared with non-CA-AF. There was no significant difference in the odds of stroke, cardiac tamponade, and major bleeding between the two groups. At 30-day readmission, the incidence of NACE and mortality remained high in patients undergoing AF ablation in CA.

Conclusion
Compared with non-CA, AF ablation in CA patients is associated with relatively higher in-hospital all-cause mortality and net adverse events both at index admission and up to 30-day follow-up.
Pubertal development and hypogonadism in males with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy–candidiasis–ectodermal dystrophy: a retrospective study
Authors: Träskilä Emilia , Holopainen Elina , Mäyränpää Mikko I , Toppari Jorma , Mäkitie Outi , Laakso Saila 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the course of puberty and hypogonadism in males with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy–candidiasis–ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) in a Finnish APECED cohort followed up between 1970 and 2020. Anthropometry, testicular volumes and FSH, LH, and testosterone concentrations were analyzed retrospectively. Forty-three males were followed up until the median age of 42.5 years (range, 16.2-74.8). All subjects fulfilled the clinical criteria for APECED. The median age at the onset of spontaneous puberty was 13.3 years (10.8-14.8). Testosterone medication was used to promote pubertal development from the median age of 14.9 years (13.5-15.7), for 0.7-3.3 years in 8 patients. The median adult height was 173.0 cm and differed from the mid-parental target height on average −1.3 SDS (P &lt; .001). Hypogonadism was treated in 6 patients (14%). Azoospermia was found in 3 patients. Further studies are required to explore the role of the autoimmune regulator in sperm production and testicular insufficiency.
First record ofFusarium concentricum(Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae) isolated from the mothPolychrosis cunninhamiacola(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) as an entomopathogenic fungus
Authors: Qiu Hua-Long , Fox Eduardo G P , Qin Chang-Sheng , Yang Hua , Tian Long-Yan , Wang De-Sen , Xu Jin-Zhu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFusarium concentricum Nirenberg & O’ Donnell (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) is a fungal species known to infect plants, but never reported as entomopathogenic. Polychrosis cunninhamiacola Liu et Pei (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae) is a major and widespread insect pest causing economic losses to cultivated Chinese fir Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. It is routinely controlled by extensive use of chemical insecticides, which is perceived as environmentally unsustainable. During March and April of 2019–2020, muscardine cadavers of larvae and pupae of P. cunninhamiacola infected with growing fungus were collected in a fir forest in northern Guangdong Province, China. Conidia were isolated and cultured on PDA medium, from which the fungal strain was identified as F. concentricum FCPC-L01 by morphology and by sequence alignment match with Tef-1α gene. Pathogenicity bioassays at the conidial concentration 1 × 107 revealed P. cunninhamiacola adults and Danaus chrysippus (L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) larvae are sensitive to the fungal infection, but not the fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). We believe results indicate this fungal strain might be applicable against specific target insect pests. As this is the first record of a natural infection caused by F. concentricum in insects, we propose host specificity tests should be done to evaluate its potential as a biocontrol agent.
Burden of traumatic spinal cord injury in Africa: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Jesuyajolu Damilola , Ayantayo Temitayo , Oyesiji Emmanuel , Bakare Sofia , David Samuel Oreoluwa , Sule Rosola , Daniel Jeremiah , Madeleine Okere , Olukoya Tomiwa , Osunronbi Temidayo , Adewale Olaniyan , Morgan Eghosa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTrauma accounts for about 90% of spinal cord injuries worldwide. Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is recognized as a neurotrauma of global health priority due to the preventability of the injuries and the specialized and expensive medical and surgical care they necessitate. This study protocol guides the comprehensive and exhaustive review of the literature concerning the epidemiology, management and outcomes of TSCIs in Africa. This protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines. The search strategy was performed primarily on PubMed and OVID Embase. A secondary literature search was carried out on African Journal Online and Google Scholar. All observational studies on the prevalence/incidence, presentation, management and outcomes of TSCIs in African countries were included. The following study types were excluded: literature reviews, meta-analyses, case reports, abstract-only articles, conference proceedings, randomized control trials and letters to the editor. Our outcomes include incidence of TSCIs in Africa, mechanisms of injury, different imaging and treatment modalities offered (e.g. conservative vs. operative intervention), clinical outcomes following TSCIs in Africa and challenges regarding the management of TSCIs in African surgical centres. This study aims to provide region-specific data that will guide and inform local practices regarding TSCIs. It will also map out areas that need more research and areas amenable to intervention by global health stakeholders.
Relative alignment between magnetic fields and molecular gas structure in molecular clouds
Authors: Mazzei Renato , Li Zhi-Yun , Chen Che-Yu , Fissel Laura , Chen Mike , Park James 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
We compare the structure of synthetic dust polarization with synthetic molecular line emission from radiative transfer calculations using a three-dimensional, turbulent collapsing-cloud magnetohydrodynamics simulation. The histogram of relative orientation (HRO) technique and the projected Rayleigh statistic (PRS) are considered. In our trans-Alfvénic (more strongly magnetized) simulation, there is a transition to perpendicular alignment at densities above ∼4 × 103 cm−3. This transition is recovered in most of our synthetic observations of optically thin molecular tracers; however, for 12CO it does not occur and the PRS remains in parallel alignment across the whole observer space. We calculate the physical depth of the optical depth τ = 1 surface and find that for 12CO it is largely located in front of the cloud mid-plane, suggesting that 12CO is too optically thick and instead mainly probes low-volume density gas. In our super-Alfvénic simulation, the magnetic field becomes significantly more tangled, and all observed tracers tend towards no preference for perpendicular or parallel alignment. An observable difference in alignment between optically thin and optically thick tracers may indicate the presence of a dynamically important magnetic field, though there is some degeneracy with viewing angle. We convolve our data with a Gaussian beam and compare it with HRO results of the Vela C molecular cloud. We find good agreement between these results and our sub-Alfvénic simulations when viewed with the magnetic field in the plane of the sky (especially when sensitivity limitations are considered), though the observations are also consistent with an intermediately inclined magnetic field.
Advection-dominated accretion flow for the varied transition luminosities in black hole X-ray binaries
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Qiao Erlin 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTObservationally, two main spectral states, i.e. the low/hard state and the high/soft state, are identified in black hole X-ray binaries (BH-XRBs). Meanwhile, the transitions between the two states are often observed. In this paper, we re-investigate the transition luminosities in the framework of the self-similar solution of the advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF). Specifically, we search for the critical mass accretion rate $\dot{m}_{\rm crit}$ of ADAF for different radii r, respectively. It is found that $\dot{m}_{\rm crit}$ decreases with decreasing r. By testing the effects of BH mass m, the magnetic parameter β and the viscosity parameter α, it is found that only α has significant effects on $\dot{m}_{\rm crit}\text{--}r$ relation. We define the minimum $\dot{m}_{\rm crit}$ (roughly at the innermost stable circular orbit) as the hard-to-soft transition rate $\dot{m}_{\rm tr:H\text{--} S}$, above which BH will gradually transit from the low/hard state to the high/soft state, and $\dot{m}_{\rm crit}$ at 30 Schwarzschild radii as the soft-to-hard transition rate $\dot{m}_{\rm tr:S\rightarrow H}$, below which BH will gradually transit from the high/soft state to the low/hard state. We derive fitting formulae of $\dot{m}_{\rm tr:H\rightarrow S}$ and $\dot{m}_{\rm tr:S\rightarrow H}$ as functions of α, respectively. By comparing with observations, it is found that the mean value of α are α ∼ 0.85 and α ∼ 0.33 for the hard-to-soft transition and the soft-to-hard transition, respectively, which indicates that two classes of α are needed for explaining the hysteresis effect during the state transition. Finally, we argue that such a constrained α may provide valuable clues for further exploring the accretion physics in BH-XRBs.