bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptom-specific effects of counselling for depression compared to cognitive–behavioural therapy
Authors: O'Driscoll Ciarán , Buckman Joshua E J , Saunders Rob , Ellard Sarah , Naqvi Syed Ali , Singh Satwant , Wheatley Jon , Pilling Stephen 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundCognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) and counselling for depression (CfD) are recommended first-line treatments for depression. While they approach change differently, there is little understanding of the impact those approaches have on change during treatment.ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify whether CBT and CfD target different symptoms and explore the implications of modelling choices when quantifying change during treatment.MethodsSymptom-specific effects of treatment were identified using moderated network modelling. This was a retrospective cohort study of 12 756 individuals who received CBT or CfD for depression in primary/community care psychological therapy services in England. Change was modelled several ways within the whole sample and a propensity score matched sample (n=3446).FindingsCBT for depression directly affected excessive worry, trouble relaxing and apprehensive expectation and had a stronger influence on changes between suicidal ideation and concentration. CfD had a stronger direct influence on thoughts of being a failure and on the associated change between being an easily annoyed and apprehensive of expectation. There were inconsistencies when modelling change using the first and second appointments as the baseline. Residual score models produced more conservative findings than models using difference scores.ConclusionsCfD and CBT for depression have differential effects on symptoms demonstrating specific mechanisms of change.Clinical implicationsCBT was uniquely associated with changes in symptoms associated with anxiety and may be better suited to those with anxiety symptoms comorbid to their depression. When assessing change, the baseline should be the first therapy session, not the pretreatment assessment. Residual change scores should be preferred over difference score methods.
Association between socioeconomic status and Parkinson’s disease: findings from a large incident case–control study
Authors: Najafi Fereshteh , Mansournia Mohammad Ali , Abdollahpour Ibrahim , Rohani Mohammad , Vahid Farhad , Nedjat Saharnaz 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe association between socioeconomic status (SES) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been investigated in few studies. To our knowledge, SES measurement based on wealth index and perceived SES in PD patients has not been investigated in any study. Also, the simultaneous measurement of objective and perceived SES and their association with PD has not been conducted yet. This study aimed to determine the association between various SES indicators and PD.MethodsThis incident case–control study was conducted on 508 patients with PD and 1015 controls randomly selected from the general population in Iran in 2021–2022. A telephone interviewing method was used for data collection. The wealth index and educational level were used to measure objective SES. Perceived SES was also recorded. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted OR (AOR).ResultsA significant association based on the wealth index was found, where the intermediate category had lower odds of developing PD than the deprived category (AOR 0.75 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.99)). The odds of PD was significantly higher in the people with academic education compared with illiterate and primary-level education (AOR 2.17 (95% CI 1.58 to 2.99). Additionally, the odds of PD were significantly lower in the intermediate (AOR 0.26 (95% CI 0.13 to 0.52)) and affluent (AOR 0.21 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.40)), compared with the deprived categories based on perceived SES. Similar results were obtained in the analysis by sex.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that lower wealth index, a lower perceived SES and academic education are associated with increased the odds of PD.
Acute pain service reduces barriers to buprenorphine/naloxone initiation by using regional anesthesia techniques
Authors: Seol Alice , Chan John , Micham Brittni , Ye Ying , Mariano Edward R , Harrison T Kyle , Hunter Oluwatobi O 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundMedications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are a life-saving intervention; thus, it is important to address barriers to successful initiation. Spasticity affects many patients with spinal cord injury and can be painful and physically debilitating. Chronic painful conditions can lead to the illicit use of non-prescribed opioids, but fear of pain is a barrier to the initiation of MOUD. In this case report, we describe the novel use of botulinum toxin A injections to treat abdominal spasticity and facilitate Acute Pain Service-led buprenorphine/naloxone initiation in a patient with opioid use disorder and severe abdominal spasticity due to spinal cord injury.Case presentationA patient with C4 incomplete tetraplegia and opioid use disorder complicated by abdominal spasticity refractory to oral antispasmodics and self-treating with intravenous heroin was referred to the Acute Pain Service for inpatient buprenorphine/naloxone initiation. The patient began to fail initiation of buprenorphine/naloxone secondary to increased pain from abdominal spasms. The patient was offered ultrasound-guided abdominal muscle chemodenervation with botulinum toxin A, which resulted in the resolution of abdominal spasticity and facilitated successful buprenorphine/naloxone initiation. At 6 months post-initiation, the patient remained abstinent from non-prescribed opioids and compliant with buprenorphine/naloxone 8 mg/2 mg three times a day.ConclusionsThis case report demonstrates that inpatient buprenorphine/naloxone initiation by an Acute Pain Service can improve the success of treatment by addressing barriers to initiation. Acute Pain Service clinicians possess unique skills and knowledge, including ultrasound-guided interventions, that enable them to provide innovative and personalized approaches to care in the complex opioid use disorder population.
Dicarbon defect in hexagonal boron nitride monolayer—a theoretical study
Authors: Korona Tatiana , Jankowska Joanna , Masoumifeshani Emran 
Published: February 2023

A comprehensive theoretical study of the lowest electronic vertical excitations of the CBCN defect in the monolayer of hexagonal boron nitride has been performed. Both the periodic boundary conditions approach and the finite-cluster simulation of the defect have been utilized at the density-functional theory (DFT) level. Clusters of increasing sizes have been used in order to estimate artefacts resulting from edge effects. The stability of the results with respect to several density functionals and various basis sets has been also examined. High-level ab initio calculations with methods like equation-of-motion coupled cluster method with single and double excitations (EOM-CCSD), algebraic-diagrammatic construction to the second order (ADC(2)), and time-dependent approximate coupled cluster theory to the second order (TD-CC2) were performed for the smallest clusters. It turns out that TD-DFT with the CAM-B3LYP functional gives similar lowest excitation energies as EOM-CCSD, ADC(2), and TD-CC2. The lowest excitation energies resulting from the periodic-boundary calculation utilizing the Bethe–Salpeter equation are in agreement with the results for finite clusters. The analysis of important configurations and transition densities shows that for all studied methods, the lowest excited state is localized on two carbon atoms and their closest neighbours and has a large dipole transition moment. The optimized geometries for the lowest two excited states indicate that in both cases, the carbon–carbon bond becomes a single bond, while for the second excited state, additionally one from boron–nitrogen bonds loses its partially double character. The calculation of the excitation energies at the respective optimal geometry reveals that these two energies become about 0.5 eV lower than vertical excitations from the ground-state geometry.
Tectonic geomorphology of the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben, Eastern Canada: implications for regional uplift and intraplate seismicity
Authors: Gusti Ugi K. , Peace Alexander L. , Rimando Jeremy 
Published: February 2023

In intraplate areas where regional tectonic strain is accommodated by the reactivation of pre-existing structures, the level of seismic hazard associated with faults may be underestimated due to the poor surface expression of faults, scattered earthquake distribution, and long earthquake recurrence intervals. The cause(s) of seismicity in eastern Canada remains unresolved. This is partially because surface expressions of faults have been eroded during glacial and deglacial periods and in the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben (OBG) are undetectable until a seismic event. Morphotectonic analysis has been widely applied to assess relative tectonic activity in various geological settings. To establish whether active uplift is occurring and to investigate the spatial distribution of relative uplift rates, 131 bedrock drainage basins in OBG were analysed. The aim of this was to (1) test the applicability of geomorphic indices for quantifying active deformation, (2) quantify the spatiotemporal distribution of relative uplift rates, and (3) explore the implications for faulting mechanisms, deformation styles, and ultimately regional seismic hazard. We measured valley floor width-to-height ratio ( Vf), basin elongation ratio ( Re), basin hypsometric integral, and normalized channel steepness index ( ksn). The results show that high relative uplift rates exist in all the six bedrock escarpment sections investigated, suggesting that they are presumably related with regional broad wavelength uplift (epeirogeny) caused by a complex interaction between far-field tectonic stress and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA). Our analysis showed that Vf, Re, and ksn reveals no considerable spatial differences in high relative uplift rates, consistent with the Canadian Base Network GPS uplift rates. Highlights Geomorphic indices are applied in a low relief and low-medium seismicity area. Geomorphic indices reveal a broad wavelength regional uplift and show relative tectonic activity in the OBG. Relatively high geomorphic indices values provide longer term deformation history compared to global positioning system (GPS) records. Landscape formation and river incision is driven by a complex interaction between GIA and far-field tectonic stresses. Relative uplift rate results show similar patterns to published GPS uplift rates. Possible link between relative tectonic activity and current seismicity.
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation by Causal Learning for Biometric Signal-based HCI
Authors: Dai Qingfeng , Wong Yongkang , Sun Guofei , Wang Yanwei , Zhou Zhou , Kankanhalli Mohan S. , Li Xiangdong , Geng Weidong 
Published: February 2023

Biometric signal based human-computer interface (HCI) has attracted increasing attention due to its wide application in healthcare, entertainment, neurocomputing, and so on. In recent years, deep learning-based approaches have made great progress on biometric signal processing. However, the state-of-the-art (SOTA) approaches still suffer from model degradation across subjects or sessions. In this work, we propose a novel unsupervised domain adaptation approach for biometric signal-based HCI via causal representation learning. Specifically, three kinds of interventions on biometric signals (i.e., subjects, sessions, and trials) can be selected to generalize deep models across the selected intervention. In the proposed approach, a generative model is trained for producing intervened features that are subsequently used for learning transferable and causal relations with three modes. Experiments on the EEG-based emotion recognition task and sEMG-based gesture recognition task are conducted to confirm the superiority of our approach. An improvement of +0.21% on the task of inter-subject EEG-based emotion recognition is achieved using our approach. Besides, on the task of inter-session sEMG-based gesture recognition, our approach achieves improvements of +1.47%, +3.36%, +1.71%, and +1.01% on sEMG datasets including CSL-HDEMG, CapgMyo DB-b, 3DC, and Ninapro DB6, respectively. The proposed approach also works on the task of inter-trial sEMG-based gesture recognition and an average improvement of +0.66% on Ninapro databases is achieved. These experimental results show the superiority of the proposed approach compared with the SOTA unsupervised domain adaptation methods on HCIs based on biometric signal.
Microfibril Aramid-Nanocellulose Fiber-Based Hybrid Separator for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Runjie , Wu Zegang , Lu Tingting , Yu Guoqing , Liu Fengqin , Hu Tao , Zhao Hongliang 
Published: February 2023

The poor thermal stability and wettability of commercial polyolefin separators are safety hazards that limit the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this work, a novel aramid-nanocellulose fiber-based hybrid separator (Aramid-NCF separator) was fabricated by an industrial one-step paper-making process. The separator showed excellent heat stability, suitable pore structure, and outstanding electrolyte wettability, with a contact angle close to 0°. The Aramid-NCF separator showed superior ionic conductivity of 5.491 × 10−4 S·cm−1 compared with an alumina-coated PE separator (PE-Al2O3 separator) (3.260 × 10−4 S·cm−1). LIBs with the Aramid-NCF separator also showed better C-rate performance, better cycling performance, and a higher capacity retention rate than batteries prepared with the PE-Al2O3 separator. A pouch battery with the Aramid-NCF showed a higher capacity retention rate (89.17% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C) than a pouch battery with the PE-Al2O3 separator (86.01% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C). Therefore, the Aramid-NCF separator is a promising candidate for next-generation LIBs.
Single-Crystalline LiNiO2 as High-Capacity Cathode Active Material for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Ruess Raffael , Gomboso Davide , Ulherr Mark A. , Trevisanello Enrico , Ma Yuan , Kondrakov Aleksandr , Brezesinski Torsten , Janek Jürgen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
To increase the specific capacity of LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 (NCM) cathode active materials, academia and industry are aiming at a higher nickel content. The end member of this family, LiNiO2 (LNO), offers the highest practical specific capacity, but suffers from morphological and structural instabilities during electrochemical cycling. Especially for the successful implementation in solid-state batteries, coarse-grain powders of single-crystalline LNO need to be synthesized to achieve high-performance cells. While NCM-type solid solutions with Co and Mn show sufficient structural stability during synthesis, LNO rapidly decomposes under the conventional conditions for the preparation of single crystals. We address this issue by presenting an alternative route towards single-crystalline LNO based on a flux-assisted synthesis. First, LNO is prepared from NiO and LiOH precursors, which yields agglomerated crystals of LNO with notable Li deficiency. Second, this raw LNO is transferred into a Li2CO3 melt, which induces crystal growth and particle separation, and further offers a high chemical potential of Li2O for defect healing. With this method, well-separated and near-stoichiometric, large-grain LNO single crystals are obtained. When tested in solid-state battery cells, this material yields specific discharge capacities q
dis > 200 mAh g-1 at room temperature and clearly outperforms the state-of-the-art polycrystalline LNO.
Genetic Factors Associated with Absolute and Relative Plasma Concentrations of Calcitriol
Authors: Wilson Robin Taylor , Safford Susan E. , Ostrom Quinn T. , Wang Ming , McDonald Alicia C. , Salzberg Anna C. , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Richie John P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground:Little is known regarding factors associated with calcitriol and a relative measure of calcitriol, the calcitriol-24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-calcifediol proportion ratio (C24CPR).Methods:Using a cross-sectional study design, healthy young adults of African and European descent, matched (1:1) on age (±5 years) provided a blood sample in non-summer months (N = 376). Vitamin D metabolites were measured in plasma with HPLC/MS-MS. West African genetic ancestry proportion (WGA) was estimated using STRUCTURE modeling of genetic ancestry-informative markers. Multivariable regression models were used to estimate the association of WGA and vitamin D–pathway gene variants with calcitriol and C24CPR, controlling for days from summer solstice, age, sex, blood pressure, body mass index, dietary vitamin D intake, oral contraceptive/medroxyprogesterone acetate use, smoking, tanning bed use, and time of day.Results:Calcitriol and C24CPR were not highly correlated (rho = 0.14), although both were significantly, positively, and monotonically associated with WGA (Ptrend 0.025 and &lt;0.001, respectively). In fully adjusted models, genetic factors explained a greater proportion of variability in C24CPR (R2 = 0.121 and 0.310, respectively). Variants in genes with associated with calcitriol (CALB1, CYP27B1, GC, and PPARGC1A) differed from those associated with C24CPR (CYP3A43, FGF23, KL, and VDR).Conclusions:Both absolute and relative measures of calcitriol were significantly higher among African Americans. Otherwise, these biomarkers appear to be genetically distinct.Impact:C24CPR may be better suited to personalized medicine, due to a higher proportion of population variability explained by genetic variation and a less skewed distribution.
Epidemiology and Psychiatric Correlates of Cancer among Homeless and Unstably Housed Veterans in the VA Health Care System
Authors: Tsai Jack , Szymkowiak Dorota , Zullig Leah L. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
This study examined the incidence and correlates of cancer among homeless and unstably housed (HUH) veterans as compared with stably housed (SH) veterans.

Methods:
Using Veterans Affairs (VA) administrative data from 564,563 HUH and 5,213,820 SH veterans in 2013 and 2014, we examined the types and stages of 69 different types of cancer diagnosed among HUH and SH veterans. Sociodemographic and psychiatric characteristics associated with cancer were also examined.

Results:
The 1-year incidence rate of cancer was 21.5% lower among HUH veterans than SH veterans (0.68% and 0.86%, respectively). There was no difference in the most common stages and types of cancer among HUH and SH veterans. The most common primary sites of cancer were in the prostate, lung, and bronchus. HUH veterans were more likely than SH veterans to have cancer of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts (∆4.79%). Among HUH veterans, older age and alcohol use disorder were associated with greater risk for any incident cancer while suicidal ideation/behaviors were associated with lower risk. Psychiatric conditions were often diagnosed before cancer diagnosis for SH and HUH veterans; rates of substance use disorders and suicidal ideation/behaviors decreased in HUH veterans after cancer diagnosis.

Conclusions:
The VA health care system serves many HUH veterans with cancer. Mental health and substance use disorders are important to treat in veterans at risk of cancer and as potential sequalae of cancer.

Impact:
The high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in HUH populations is important to consider in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer in these populations.
Five-Year Clinical Outcomes after Neoadjuvant Nivolumab in Resectable Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Rosner Samuel , Reuss Joshua E. , Zahurak Marianna , Zhang Jiajia , Zeng Zhen , Taube Janis , Anagnostou Valsamo , Smith Kellie N. , Riemer Joanne , Illei Peter B. , Broderick Stephen R. , Jones David R. , Topalian Suzanne L. , Pardoll Drew M. , Brahmer Julie R. , Chaft Jamie E. , Forde Patrick M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurpose:Neoadjuvant anti–PD-1 therapy has shown promise for resectable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We reported the first phase I/II trial of neoadjuvant nivolumab in resectable NSCLC, finding it to be safe and feasible with encouraging major pathological responses (MPR). We now present 5-year clinical outcomes from this trial, representing to our knowledge, the longest follow-up data for neoadjuvant anti–PD-1 in any cancer type.Patients and Methods:Two doses of nivolumab (3 mg/kg) were administered for 4 weeks before surgery to 21 patients with Stage I–IIIA NSCLC. 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and associations with MPR and PD-L1, were evaluated.Results:With a median follow-up of 63 months, 5-year RFS and OS rates were 60% and 80%, respectively. The presence of MPR and pre-treatment tumor PD-L1 positivity (TPS ≥1%) each trended toward favorable RFS; HR, 0.61 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.15–2.44] and HR, 0.36 (95% CI, 0.07–1.85), respectively. At 5-year follow-up, 8 of 9 (89%) patients with MPR were alive and disease-free. There were no cancer-related deaths among patients with MPR. In contrast, 6/11 patients without MPR experienced tumor relapse, and 3 died.Conclusions:Five-year clinical outcomes for neoadjuvant nivolumab in resectable NSCLC compare favorably with historical outcomes. MPR and PD-L1 positivity trended toward improved RFS, though definitive conclusions are limited by cohort size.
Scaffolding Protein Connector Enhancer of Kinase Suppressor of Ras 1 (CNKSR1) Regulates MAPK Inhibition Responsiveness in Pancreas Cancer via Crosstalk with AKT Signaling
Authors: Li Dandan , Miermont Anne M. , Sable Rushikesh , Quadri Humair S. , Mathews Griner Lesley A. , Martin Scott E. , Odzorig Taivan , De Soumita , Ferrer Marc , Powers Astin S. , Hewitt Stephen M. , Rudloff Udo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCombinatorial molecular therapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has yielded largely disappointing results in clinical testing to-date as a multitude of adaptive resistance mechanisms is making selection of patients via molecular markers that capture essential, intersecting signaling routes challenging. Here, we report the scaffolding protein connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 1 (CNKSR1) as mediator of resistance to MAPK (MEK) inhibition. MEK inhibition in CNKSR1high cancer cells induces translocation of CNKSR1 to the plasma membrane where the scaffolding protein interacts with and stabilizes the phosphorylated form of AKT. CNKSR1-mediated AKT activation following MEK inhibition was associated with increased cellular p-PRAS40 levels and reduced nuclear translocation and cellular levels of FoxO1, a negative regulator of AKT signaling. In clinical PDAC specimens, high cytoplasmatic CNKSR1 levels correlated with increased cellular phospho-AKT and mTOR levels. Pharmacological co-blockade of AKT and MEK ranked top in induced synergies with MEK inhibition in CNKSR1high pancreas cancer cells among other inhibitor combinations targeting known CNKSR1 signaling. In vivo, CNKSR1high pancreatic tumors treated with AKT and MEK inhibitors showed improved outcome in the combination arm compared with single-agent treatment, an effect not observed in CNKSR1low models.Our results identify CNKSR1 as regulator of adaptive resistance to MEK inhibition by promoting crosstalk to AKT signaling via a scaffolding function for the phosphorylated form of AKT. CNSKR1 expression might be a possible molecular marker to enrich patients for future AKT–MEK inhibitor precision medicine studies.Implications:The CNKSR1 scaffold, identified within an RNAi screen as a novel mediator of resistance to MEK inhibition in pancreas cancer, connects the MAPK pathway and AKT signaling and may be adopted as a biomarker to select patients for combined MEK AKT blockade.