bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal analysis of parts produced by L-PBF and correlation with dimensional accuracy
Authors: Fournet-Fayard Lucas , Cayron Charles , Koutiri Imade , Lapouge Pierre , Guy Jason , Dupuy Corinne , Obaton Anne-Françoise 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLaser-Power Bed Fusion (L-PBF) is continuing to grow in use among the industrial field. This process allows the manufacturing of parts with complex geometry, good dimensional accuracy, and few post-processing steps. However, deviations can still be observed on the final parts. It is known in the literature that all of these deviations can be imputed to some extent to thermal phenomena such as overheating or thermal gradient through residual stress relaxation. The objective of this study is to reach a better understanding of the influence of the thermal properties on the dimensional accuracy of parts produced by L-PBF. To do so, an infrared camera has been instrumented inside the machine, allowing the determination of the temperature of parts during the process. Thin walls with different process parameters (laser power, scanning speed…) and nominal dimensions were manufactured and measured afterwards with a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). Thermal acquisitions were performed at different moments during the fabrication and give access to the cooling rate of the observed parts. Least square fitting has been used to approximate the cooling rate function and returns characteristic times that are used to compare the different manufacturing configurations. In the end, a correlation has been established between the process parameters, the thermal parameters, and the dimensional accuracy of the parts. Form deviations, possibly due to residual stress, have only been observed on the thinnest wall, which is also the part with the highest measured thermal gradients. Other form deviations were due to roughness.
Intersectional Approaches to Minority Aging Research
Authors: Thomas Tobin Courtney S. , Gutiérrez Ángela , Farmer Heather R. , Erving Christy L. , Hargrove Taylor W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Growing racial/ethnic diversity among America’s older adults necessitates additional research specifically focused on health and well-being among aging minoritized populations. Although Black and Latinx adults in the USA tend to face worse health outcomes as they age, substantial evidence points to unexpected health patterns (e.g., the race paradox in mental health, the Latino health paradox) that challenge our understanding of health and aging among these populations. In this review, we demonstrate the value of intersectionality theory for clarifying these health patterns and highlight the ways that intersectionality has been applied to minority aging research. To advance the field, we also make several recommendations for incorporating intersectional approaches in future scholarship on minority aging.

Recent Findings
Scholars have applied intersectional approaches to health and aging to unravel how social statuses and social conditions, such as race, ethnicity, gender, nativity, incarceration history, geographic region, and age, produce distinct shared experiences that shape health trajectories through multiple mechanisms.

Summary
We highlight common intersectional approaches used in minority aging research and underscore the value of this perspective for elucidating the complex, and often unexpected, health patterns of aging minoritized populations. We identify several key lessons and propose recommendations to advance scholarship on minority aging.
Studies on Geometrical Features of Tool Wear and Other Important Machining Characteristics in Sustainable Turning of Aluminium Alloys
Authors: Gupta Munish Kumar , Niesłony P. , Sarikaya Murat , Korkmaz Mehmet Erdi , Kuntoğlu Mustafa , Królczyk G. M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aerospace and automotive industries make extensive use of aluminium and its alloys. Contrarily, machining of aluminium (Al) alloys presents a number of difficulties, including, but not limited to, poor surface finishing, excessive tool wear, decreased productivity etc. Therefore, it’s very important to measure the machining characteristics during machining of aluminium alloy with sustainable cooling strategies. In this work, a new approach of measurement was adopted to measure the critical geometrical aspects of tool wear, surface roughness, power consumption and microhardness while machining AA2024-T351 alloy under dry, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), liquid nitrogen (LN2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) cooling conditions. Initially, the various aspects of tool wear were studied with the help of Sensofar Confocal Microscope integrated with Mountains map software and then, the other results such as surface roughness, power consumption and microhardness were measured as per the ISO standards. The outcome of these measurement studies confirms that LN2 and CO2 cooling is helpful in improving the machining characteristics of AA2024-T351 alloy. When compared to dry conditions, the surface roughness values of MQL, LN2, and CO2 all have values that are lowered by 11.90%, 30.95%, and 39.28% respectively, and also power consumption values were lowered by 3.11%, 6.46% and 11.5% for MQL, CO2 and LN2 conditions, respectively.
Export and variability in the innovative status
Authors: Tomàs-Porres Josep , Segarra-Blasco Agustí , Teruel Mercedes 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe nature of innovation persistence is still open to debate. In this paper, we attempt to shed some light to the topic by providing a novel analysis of the impact of exporting strategies on changes in innovative status. We derive exhaustive information regarding the innovative behavior of firms using a large sample extracted from the Spanish Technological Innovation Panel. Applying both a multinomial and a random-effects probabilistic approach, we observe that exporting experience is relevant to guarantee stability in innovation activities. However, firms exporting only to the EU are comparatively less persistent than those with a broader geographical range, as nearer and safer markets provide less incentives to innovation activities than engaging in broader commercial ventures.
Sustainable Recovery of Cobalt from Aqueous Solutions Using an Optimized Mesoporous Carbon
Authors: Conte Naby , Díez Eduardo , Almendras Brigitte , Gómez José María , Rodríguez Araceli 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to employ a factorial design to optimize the activation step in the synthesis process of a mesoporous-activated carbon to be used as adsorbent for removing and recovering cobalt ions from aqueous solutions. This activation has been carried out in a tubular furnace in the presence of an air stream, following a 23 factorial design. According to the obtained results, the best activation conditions to reach a maximum cobalt removal are mild conditions, low activation temperatures and large times, while the air flow seems to be positive influence working in a low level. This is due to the enhancement of superficial oxygenated groups formation in these conditions, responsible of the adsorption process. The kinetic curve obtained for the adsorbent prepared at the most favorable conditions showed that the adsorption process was very fast and efficient, reaching equilibrium in 15 min, and was properly described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic, typical of the processes in which there are no diffusion limitations. Additionally, with the aim of studying the potential of metal recovery, desorption studies were performed. Sulfuric acid as stripping agent led to twofold Co preconcentration ratio, by reducing the desorption volume to the quarter.
Graphical Abstract
Some Appell–Dunkl Sequences
Authors: Mínguez Ceniceros Judit 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSome examples of Appell–Dunkl sequences are shown using determined operators. Specifically, Appell–Dunkl sequences whose generating functions are of the form $$E_{\alpha }(xt)/(1\pm t^m)$$

E
α

(
x
t
)

/

(
1
±

t
m

)

, where the function $$E_{\alpha }(xt)$$

E
α

(
x
t
)

is given in terms of Bessel functions. Particular cases of these examples are also generated by means of the inverse of the Dunkl operator.
Navigating complexity: globalization narratives in China and the West
Authors: Roberts Anthea , Lamp Nicolas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRelations between China and the West appear to be caught in a downward spiral. In the West, there is a widespread perception that China has unduly benefited from economic globalization, while in China, there appears to be increasing concern that the West is seeking to contain China’s rise. In this essay, we argue that the picture is more complex. We first discuss the highly varied ways in which China appears in Western narratives about economic globalization. We then sketch our understanding of how different narratives about globalization are playing out in China. Our approach highlights the diversity of perspectives within and between the West and China. How countries, companies, and individuals navigate this complexity depends not just on the rise and fall of narratives within the West and China, but also on how these narratives intersect and interact with each other.
Arrested Cells/Cellular Debris Expelled from Blastocysts Is Self-Correction Phenomenon During Early Embryonic Development
Authors: Wang Xiaoxia , Zhao Jing , Yao Zhongyuan , Xia Qiuping , Chang Tianli , Zeng Jun , Liu Jiaqi , Li Yanping , Zhu Huimin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Arrested cells/
cellular debris is component left in the zona pellucida after blastocyst hatching. To identify whether expelling arrested cells/cellular debris from blastocysts is a process of human embryo self-correction by eliminating abnormal cells, 21 pairs of trophectoderm (TE) biopsies and the corresponding arrested cells/cellular debris expelled from the blastocysts from July to December 2020 were collected and analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Then, the NGS results of TE biopsies and the corresponding arrested cells/cellular debris were compared. We identified that 47.6% of blastocysts (10/21) were aneuploidies and mosaicism. A total of 18 groups of arrested cells/cellular debris (85.7%) expelled from blastocysts were abnormal, including nine aneuploid embryos and nine euploid embryos. In the arrested cells/cellular debris, all the chromosomes were affected. In conclusion, mosaicism and aneuploidies are common features of early embryonic development, and the arrested cells/cellular debris expelled from blastocysts provides evidence of early embryonic self-correction.
Uncertainty in Child Custody Cases After Parental Separation: Context and Decision-Making Process
Authors: de Alcântara Mendes Josimar Antônio , Ormerod Thomas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Context factors (e.g. a family’s developmental crisis) can affect the child custody decision-making process and the child’s best interests after parental separation. But what are these context factors, and how can they vary across different cultures and legal systems? This paper reports a cross-cultural qualitative study funded by the Brazilian Ministry of Education and was carried out under a Naturalistic Decision-making approach. This study addresses context factors that impact the decision-making of experienced legal actors working in child custody cases. Interviews were conducted with 73 legal actors (judges, prosecutors, lawyers, psychologists, and social workers) in Brazil and England. The data gathered were analysed employing a reflexive thematic analysis that generated seven themes addressing how uncertainty is structured by context factors in child custody cases after parental separation. The themes generated encompassed three domains (‘family’, ‘family court’, and ‘legal-psychosocial’) that draw attention to the sources of uncertainty in child custody cases, especially to the role of contextual players (family and children) in the child custody decision-making process.
Simple rules outperform machine learning for personnel selection: insights from the 3rd annual SIOP machine learning competition
Authors: Harman Jason L. , Scheuerman Jaelle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMachine learning (ML) algorithms are often assumed to be the most accurate way of producing predictive models despite problems with explainability and adverse impact. The 3rd annual Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Machine Learning Competition sought to find ML models for personnel selection that could balance the best of ML prediction with the constraint of minimizing selection bias based on race and gender. To test the possible advantages of simple rules over ML algorithms, we entered a simple and explainable rule-based model inspired by recent advances in model comparison. This simple model outperformed most ML models entered and was comparable to the top performers while retaining positive qualities such as explainability and transparency.
Leveraging machine learning and blockchain in E-commerce and beyond: benefits, models, and application
Authors: Jebamikyous Hrag , Li Menglu , Suhas Yoga , Kashef Rasha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBlockchain technology (BT) allows market participants to keep track of digital transactions without central recordkeeping. The features of blockchain, including decentralization, persistency, and attack resistance, allow data security and privacy. Machine learning (ML) involves the analytical platform on a massive amount of data to provide precise decisions. Since data reliability, integration, and data security are crucial in machine learning, the emergence of blockchain technology and machine learning has become a unique, most disruptive, and trending research in the last few years, achieving comparable and precise performance. The combination of blockchain and machine learning (BT–ML) has been applied across different applications to assist decision-makers in retrieving valuable data insights while preserving privacy and integration. This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art research in combing BT and ML in e-commerce and other various applications, including healthcare, smart transportation, and the Internet of Things (IoT). The challenges and benefits of integrating machine learning and blockchain technologies are outlined in the paper. We also discuss the advantages and limitations of current algorithms in the BT–ML integration. This paper provides a roadmap for researchers to pave the way for current and future research directions in combing the BT and ML research areas.
We vote for the person, not the policies: a systematic review on how personality traits influence voting behaviour
Authors: Falcão Filipe , Sousa Bárbara , Pereira Daniela S. M. , Andrade Renato , Moreira Pedro , Quialheiro Anna , Jalali Carlos , Costa Patrício 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWestern democracies’ voting practices have altered recently, most notably with candidates now taking center stage at the expense of the institutions. These events are the result of a phenomenon called the personalisation of politics. The present review aims to synthesize evidence regarding the impact of voters’ evaluation of candidates’ traits on political outcomes and the effects of voters’ traits on voting. Included studies were identified via electronic databases (up to July 2019). Reviewers extracted data respecting inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed independently by two reviewers. Data synthesis was executed through narrative processes. 288 studies were identified, 12 of which were selected for review. Four main outcomes were found: (i) Personality traits and voting behaviour; (ii) Implicit/explicit trait associations and political outcomes; (iii) Party identification and personality traits; and (iv) Ideology and personality traits. Data obtained suggests that political outcomes are heavily influenced by voters’ personality traits and how they perceive the personality traits of the candidates. This review advances the theory of personality trait matching and establishes a connection between traits and the personalization of politics.
Transformation from Urban and Rural Planning to Territory Spatial Planning
Authors: Sun Shiwen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThrough reviewed the development process of urban and rural planning in China and other countries, the paper discusses the necessity and inevitability of territory spatial planning and the major changes in the territory spatial plan-preparing comparing to the urban and rural plan-preparing. Urban planners want to do the work of territory spatial plan-preparing must shift thinking pattern and change working method. The paper further reveals the differences between the two planning systems, and the features of territory spatial planning: the system based on the “one map” institution which bands various plans together; the plans covers all elements in a domain and all kinds of space-use activities which need epistemology and values based on the ecological civilization idea; the comprehensive application of transmission mechanism and varied management and control modes which combines the multiple means of governance and public intervention. The planners must learn to adjust the relationship between various space-uses in the real situation to improve and promote its quality and achieve planning goals.
Brain Stress Test for Assessing Risk for Hemodynamic Stroke
Authors: Venkatraghavan Lashmi , Rosen Casey , McKetton Larissa , Poublanc Julien , Sobczyk Olivia , Duffin James , Tymianski Michael , Fisher Joseph A. , Mikulis David J. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT:Background:In patients with intracranial steno-occlusive disease (SOD), the risk of hemodynamic stroke depends on the poststenotic vasodilatory reserve. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is a test for vasodilatory reserve. We tested for vasodilatory reserve by using PETCO2 as the stressor, and Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) MRI as a surrogate of blood flow. We correlate the CVR to the incidence of stroke after a 1-year follow-up in patients with symptomatic intracranial SOD.Methods:In this retrospective study, 100 consecutive patients with symptomatic intracranial SOD that had undergone CVR testing were identified. CVR was measured as % BOLD MR signal intensity/mmHg PETCO2. All patients with normal CVR were treated with optimal medical therapy; those with abnormal CVR were offered revascularization where feasible. We determined the incidence of stroke at 1 year.Results:83 patients were included in the study. CVR was normal in 14 patients and impaired in 69 patients ipsilateral to the lesion. Of these, 53 underwent surgical revascularization. CVR and symptoms improved in 86% of the latter. The overall incidence of stroke was 4.8 % (4/83). All strokes occurred in patients with impaired CVR (4/69; 2/53 in the surgical group, all in the nonrevascularized hemisphere), and none in patients with normal CVR (0/14).Conclusion:Our study confirms that CO2-BOLD MRI CVR can be used as a brain stress test for the assessment of cerebrovascular reserve. Impaired CVR is associated with a higher incidence of stroke and normal CVR despite significant stenosis is associated with a low risk for stroke.
Baseline stool toxin concentration is associated with risk of recurrence in children with Clostridioides difficile infection
Authors: Sandora Thomas J. , Kociolek Larry K. , Williams David N. , Daugherty Kaitlyn , Geer Christine , Cuddemi Christine , Chen Xinhua , Xu Hua , Savage Timothy J. , Banz Alice , Garey Kevin W. , Gonzales-Luna Anne J. , Kelly Ciarán P. , Pollock Nira R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground:In adults with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), higher stool concentrations of toxins A and B are associated with severe baseline disease, CDI-attributable severe outcomes, and recurrence. We evaluated whether toxin concentration predicts these presentations in children with CDI.Methods:We conducted a prospective cohort study of inpatients aged 2–17 years with CDI who received treatment. Patients were followed for 40 days after diagnosis for severe outcomes (intensive care unit admission, colectomy, or death, categorized as CDI primarily attributable, CDI contributed, or CDI not contributing) and recurrence. Baseline stool toxin A and B concentrations were measured using ultrasensitive single-molecule array assay, and 12 plasma cytokines were measured when blood was available.Results:We enrolled 187 pediatric patients (median age, 9.6 years). Patients with severe baseline disease by IDSA-SHEA criteria (n = 34) had nonsignificantly higher median stool toxin A+B concentration than those without severe disease (n = 122; 3,217.2 vs 473.3 pg/mL; P = .08). Median toxin A+B concentration was nonsignificantly higher in children with a primarily attributed severe outcome (n = 4) versus no severe outcome (n = 148; 19,472.6 vs 429.1 pg/mL; P = .301). Recurrence occurred in 17 (9.4%) of 180 patients. Baseline toxin A+B concentration was significantly higher in patients with versus without recurrence: 4,398.8 versus 280.8 pg/mL (P = .024). Plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor concentration was significantly higher in CDI patients versus non-CDI diarrhea controls: 165.5 versus 28.5 pg/mL (P < .001).Conclusions:Higher baseline stool toxin concentrations are present in children with CDI recurrence. Toxin quantification should be included in CDI treatment trials to evaluate its use in severity assessment and outcome prediction.
MAXIMALITY OF LOGIC WITHOUT IDENTITY
Authors: BADIA GUILLERMO , CAICEDO XAVIER , NOGUERA CARLES 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLindström’s theorem obviously fails as a characterization of first-order logic without identity (
$\mathcal {L}_{\omega \omega }^{-} $
). In this note, we provide a fix: we show that
$\mathcal {L}_{\omega \omega }^{-} $
is a maximal abstract logic satisfying a weak form of the isomorphism property (suitable for identity-free languages and studied in [11]), the Löwenheim–Skolem property, and compactness. Furthermore, we show that compactness can be replaced by being recursively enumerable for validity under certain conditions. In the proofs, we use a form of strong upwards Löwenheim–Skolem theorem not available in the framework with identity.
Professional identity, legitimacy and managerialism at the Crown Prosecution Service
Authors: Soubise Laurène 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTasked with enforcing criminal law, public prosecutors worldwide enjoy broad discretion. Existing literature on prosecutorial discretion and accountability tends to discuss the regulation of prosecutorial discretion or analyse the influence of the procedural environment in which public prosecutors operate. This paper focuses on occupational culture as an important factor affecting prosecutorial decisions. It draws particular attention to an understudied aspect of prosecutors’ professional identity: legitimacy and, specifically, self-legitimacy, ie the belief public prosecutors have in their own legitimacy to make decisions in individual cases. The paper presents research findings from direct observations and interviews which reveal a sense of a loss of self-legitimacy amongst Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) staff due to the constant monitoring of their decisions by colleagues and managers. This all-pervasive managerialism, paradoxically, undermines the very legitimacy (and, relatedly, transparency) which the CPS has had to work so hard to develop since its inception.