bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faceting the post-disaster built heritage reconstruction process within the digital twin framework for Notre-Dame de Paris
Authors: Gros Antoine , Guillem Anaïs , De Luca Livio , Baillieul Élise , Duvocelle Benoit , Malavergne Olivier , Leroux Lise , Zimmer Thierry 
Published: April 2023

AbstractApril 15th, 2019: Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris was burning, the spire collapsed on the nave, vaults crumbled and most of the timber roof was gone. In the post-disaster context, the authenticity and the monitoring of the archaeological remains are crucial for their potential reuse during reconstruction. This paper analyzes the collapsed transverse arch from the nave of Notre-Dame as a case study of reconstruction, using the digital twin framework. We propose four facets for the digital twin experiment—physical anastylosis, reverse engineering, spatio-temporal tracking of assets, and operational research—that are described in detail, while being assembled to support a hybrid reconstruction hypothesis. The digital twin can realize the parallel unfolding of physical-native and digital-native processes, while acquiring and storing heterogeneous information as semantically structured data. The results demonstrate that the proposed modeling method facilitates the formalization and validation of the reconstruction problem and increases solutions performances. As result, we present a digital twin framework application ranging from acquisition to data processing that informs a successful hybrid reconstruction hypothesis.
COPD awareness among the Syrian community: population-based study
Authors: Hadakie Rana , Kakaje Ameer , Al Kwatly Khalil , Haddad Shaden 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease and among the top causes of mortality worldwide but can be prevented and treated. This study aims to estimate the awareness of COPD among the Syrian population. A cross-sectional anonymous self-administered online survey was conducted by using Google Forms on Social Media platforms. The questionnaire included demographic, smoke-related and COPD-related questions. This study included 1607 participants with 930 (57.8%) females, 40% aging 21–25 years old, more than 90% being university students/graduates and 67.8% living in cities. Around half were either active smokers or had second-hand smoke exposure. After excluding participants in health-related fields who were 950 participants, only 25.4% of the remaining had ever heard of the term COPD. Knowing about COPD was not associated with reported smoking habits. No significant differences in awareness were seen between city and countryside dwellers, governate groups, genders, or age groups. Being in a health-related field was a major factor of being aware of COPD. COPD awareness in Syria is low, even amongst the well-educated group. Moreover, COPD risk factors of smoking and exposure to indoor and outdoor pollutants are common. Raising awareness is crucial in the Syrian community as COPD is highly prevalence.
Sonification as a reliable alternative to conventional visual surgical navigation
Authors: Matinfar Sasan , Salehi Mehrdad , Suter Daniel , Seibold Matthias , Dehghani Shervin , Navab Navid , Wanivenhaus Florian , Fürnstahl Philipp , Farshad Mazda , Navab Nassir 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDespite the undeniable advantages of image-guided surgical assistance systems in terms of accuracy, such systems have not yet fully met surgeons’ needs or expectations regarding usability, time efficiency, and their integration into the surgical workflow. On the other hand, perceptual studies have shown that presenting independent but causally correlated information via multimodal feedback involving different sensory modalities can improve task performance. This article investigates an alternative method for computer-assisted surgical navigation, introduces a novel four-DOF sonification methodology for navigated pedicle screw placement, and discusses advanced solutions based on multisensory feedback. The proposed method comprises a novel four-DOF sonification solution for alignment tasks in four degrees of freedom based on frequency modulation synthesis. We compared the resulting accuracy and execution time of the proposed sonification method with visual navigation, which is currently considered the state of the art. We conducted a phantom study in which 17 surgeons executed the pedicle screw placement task in the lumbar spine, guided by either the proposed sonification-based or the traditional visual navigation method. The results demonstrated that the proposed method is as accurate as the state of the art while decreasing the surgeon’s need to focus on visual navigation displays instead of the natural focus on surgical tools and targeted anatomy during task execution.
Periodontal disease does not increase the risk of subsequent psoriasis
Authors: Baek Yoo Sang , Kwak Eun-Jung , Kim Young Chan , Kim Ko Eun , Song Hae Jun , Jeon Jiehyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrevious studies suggested that chronic periodontitis may be a risk factor for psoriasis. However, no study has confirmed this relationship for all stages of periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis). This nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate whether periodontal disease is an independent risk factor for the development of subsequent psoriasis. Patients aged ≥ 20 years who underwent both medical and oral checkups from the National Health Screening Program between 2002 and 2007 were selected from a customized database provided by the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). Then, patients with periodontal disease (n = 3,682,468) and without periodontal disease (control, n = 3,637,128) according to oral examination results were identified. We tracked each patient for subsequent psoriasis diagnosis until the end of 2018 using NHIS database. The incidence rates of psoriasis per 1000 person-years were 0.36 and 0.34 in the periodontal disease group and control groups, respectively. After adjusting for potential cofactors, no significant increase in risk (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.994; 95% confidence interval, 0.974–1.015) was observed. Similar results were observed when analyzing the risk of psoriasis in patients who required scaling or periodontal surgery. In conclusion, periodontal disease is not an independent risk factor of psoriasis.
Differences in learning characteristics between support vector machine and random forest models for compound classification revealed by Shapley value analysis
Authors: Siemers Friederike Maite , Bajorath Jürgen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) methods are mainstays in molecular machine learning (ML) and compound property prediction. We have explored in detail how binary classification models derived using these algorithms arrive at their predictions. To these ends, approaches from explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) are applicable such as the Shapley value concept originating from game theory that we adapted and further extended for our analysis. In large-scale activity-based compound classification using models derived from training sets of increasing size, RF and SVM with the Tanimoto kernel produced very similar predictions that could hardly be distinguished. However, Shapley value analysis revealed that their learning characteristics systematically differed and that chemically intuitive explanations of accurate RF and SVM predictions had different origins.
Enhancement of absorption in a CH3NH3PbI3-based photonic crystal in the presence of the monolayer MoS2
Authors: Sattari Farhad , Mirershadi Soghra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUsing the transfer matrix approach, we investigate theoretically the absorbance, transmittance, and reflectance through one-dimensional CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite-based photonic crystal at room temperature. In our proposed structure, a monolayer MoS2 film is embedded between two CH3NH3PbI3 layers. We found that, the presence of monolayer MoS2 film increases the absorbance in longer wavelengths $$(\lambda > 600\begin{array}{*{20}c} \, \, {\rm nm} \\ \end{array} ).$$

(
λ
>
600

nm

)
.

With increasing the number of periods, absorbance increases in most wavelengths of the incident light. It was shown that, by controlling the number of periods, the absorbance coefficient can be tuned according to the wavelength and angle of incident light. Furthermore, for incident light with longer wavelength, the absorbance, transmittance as well as reflectance versus thickness of the perovskite layer have an oscillatory behavior, and with increasing the number of periods this oscillatory behavior becomes more obvious and prominent. For the incident light in the infrared region, by increasing the number of periods the absorbance as opposed to the transmittance increases for different incidence angles. While, the reflectance coefficient first shows oscillatory behavior by increasing the number of periods, then with a further increase in the number of periods it reaches a constant value. The proposed structure can be useful for optoelectronic and optical devices. Such as improving the efficiency of solar cells based on the hybrid inorganic–organic perovskites and infrared sensor system.
Assessment of quality of life, pain level and disability outcomes after lumbar discectomy
Authors: Staszkiewicz Rafał , Ulasavets Uladzislau , Dobosz Paweł , Drewniak Szymon , Niewiadomska Ewa , Grabarek Beniamin Oskar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the quality of life of 113 Caucasian patients with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration of the lumbosacral (L/S) spine who qualified for microdiscectomy during a 12-month period after surgery. Based on magnetic resonance imaging before the surgery, the degree of radiological advancement of the degenerative changes was determined according to the Pfirrmann grading scale from 1 to 5. To assess pain intensity, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used; the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) was used to evaluate quality of life; and to assess the degree of ability, the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (ODI) was employed. The level of pain, assessed using the VAS, significantly changed in the months following the surgery, with the highest values noted before surgery and the lowest a year after. In turn, the results of the SWLS questionnaire revealed a significant increase in satisfaction with life in the subsequent stages of the study. The conducted correlation analysis revealed significant dependencies in terms of quality of life in regard to pain as well as degree of disability. The level of pain and degree of disability were closely related to the degree of radiological advancement of degenerative changes according to the Pfirrmann grading scale.
Remnant cholesterol can identify individuals at higher risk of metabolic syndrome in the general population
Authors: Zou Yang , Kuang Maobin , Zhong Yanjia , Jiang Chunyuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRemnant cholesterol (RC) is a highly atherogenic lipid. Previous studies have shown that RC was closely associated with many metabolism-related diseases. However, the relationship of RC with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains unclear. This study’s objective is to investigate the relationship of RC with MetS. A total of 60,799 adults who received health assessments were included in this study. RC was calculated by subtracting the directly measured values for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) from total cholesterol (TC) and divided into 5 groups according to its quintile. MetS diagnosis according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) definitions. Application of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multivariate logistic regression to assess the association of RC with MetS. In RC quintile groups, the prevalence of MetS was 0.84, 1.10, 1.92, 3.87 and 37.71%, respectively. Multivariate logical regression analysis showed that RC and MetS maintained a stable independent positive correlation between both sexes. An interaction test further showed that the MetS risk associated with RC was significantly higher in women than in men. Moreover, ROC analysis results showed that RC had high accuracy in identifying MetS, especially among young and middle-aged men [(area under the curve: AUC) < 30 years: 0.9572, 30–39 years: 0.9306, 40–49 years: 0.9067]. The current study provided the first evidence of a positive association between RC and MetS, and that this correlation was stronger in women than in man, which may be due to the relative deficiency of estrogen in women.
Integrated strength of osmotic potential and phosphorus to achieve grain yield of rice under water deficit by arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi
Authors: Yooyongwech Suravoot , Tisarum Rujira , Samphumphuang Thapanee , Phisalaphong Muenduen , Cha-um Suriyan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal ecosystem provides sustainability to plant integrity under drought situations. However, host plants that survive in drought frequently lose yield. The potential of Funneliformis mosseae (F), Claroideoglomus etunicatum (C), and Acaulospora fovaeta (A) was assessed to evaluate in indica rice cv. Leum Pua during booting stage under 21-day water withholding. The effects of three inoculation types; (i) F, (ii) F + C (FC), and (iii) F + C + A (FCA), on physiological, biochemical, and yield traits were investigated. The three types showed an induced total chlorophyll content in the host as compared to uninoculated plants. Total soluble sugars and free proline were less regulated by FC and FCA inoculated plants than by F inoculated plants under water deficit conditions. However, the FC and FCA inoculations increased phosphorus content, particularly in the shoots of water-stressed plants. In the three inoculations, the FCA dramatically improved plant osmotic potential adaptability under water deficit stress. Furthermore, even when exposed to the water deficit condition, panicle weight, grain number, and grain maturity were maintained in FCA inoculated plants. According to the findings, the increased osmotic potential and phosphorus content of the FCA-inoculated rice plant provide a protection sign against drought stress and will benefit food security in the future.
Efficient segmentation algorithm for complex cellular image analysis system
Authors: Liu Yanyi , Wang Chen , Wen Yingyou , Huo Yixiang , Liu Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCellular image analysis system is a complex system that plays a critical role in disease diagnosis and pharmaceutical research. The analysis of image data is one of the most critical aspects of the system. However, there are differences in the distribution of cellular images, including cell morphology, cell density etc. This often requires careful algorithm customization, strict parameter tuning, or even inefficient manual processing, leading to low levels of automation. In this work, an efficient end‐to‐end cell segmentation algorithm, ECS‐Net, is proposed that can handle detection, segmentation, and counting tasks simultaneously. Two modules, proposal focus module (PFM) and enhance mask feature head (EMFH), are introduced to improve the segmentation accuracy. The proposed algorithm achieves better detection and segmentation accuracy with fewer parameters and computational cost, thus improving cellular image analysis systems. Furthermore, considering the medical IoT scenario, the scaled‐down model with only 5.8M parameters has only a small decrease in accuracy which has significant application value.
Full 360° beam steering millimetre‐wave leaky‐wave antennas coupled with bespoke 3D‐printed dielectric lenses for 5G base stations
Authors: Bansal Aakash , Panagamuwa Chinthana J , Whittow William G 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA fast beam‐steering capability has been demonstrated using an array of high‐gain corrugated substrate integrated waveguide (CSIW) slot antennas coupled with a bespoke dielectric lens. The proposed system prototype has been simulated, fabricated, and measured. The proposed system is shown to have a full 360° beam‐steer in azimuth plane with an angular sensitivity of 9°, half power beamwidth (HPBW) of 18° and a gain of < 20.5 dBi at n257 frequency band of 26 to 29 GHz. Further, the antenna is shown to have a fixed frequency beam steer of ±15° along with a frequency‐controlled beam‐scanning of ±45° in the elevation plane. The antenna setup is shown to be suitable for applications for 5G base‐stations.
Value of distribution system information for DER deployment
Authors: Khan Hafiz Anwar Ullah , Ünel Burçin , Dvorkin Yury 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntegration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) in power systems exacerbates the existing information problems between power utilities and regulators. DER policies oblivious to the trilemma of information asymmetry between power utilities, DER aggregators, and regulators result in distorted price signals to DER investors, and socially inefficient DER roll‐out. Therefore, in this paper, a game‐theoretic approach is proposed for modeling information asymmetry in distribution network information and consumer data between the DER aggregators and the power utilities. The proposed framework is based on Single Leader Single Follower (SLSF) games, reformulated as Mathematical Programs with Equilibrium Constraints (MPECs), and solved using the Scholtes's relaxation technique. The results, based on the 7‐bus Manhattan power network, show that unless the DER aggregators have complete information about the distribution network characteristics, the welfare along with the realized installed capacity of DERs in the system decreases. Moreover, progressively decreasing DER investment costs alleviate the effects of information asymmetry, suggesting that early adopters face disproportionately high welfare losses attributed to incomplete information between the DER stakeholders. Hence, policy interventions to alleviate the rampant information problems are imperative to ensure an optimal DER roll‐out.
Nanopillar arrays of mesoporous Bi2Se3 and CuInSe2 in layer‐based perovskite solar cells
Authors: Abdolhay Arezo , Kashaninia Alireza , Banihashemi Mehdi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe improvement of light trapping inside the active layer of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) was numerically investigated. The light absorption probability was improved by incorporating periodic arrays of mesoscopic electron‐transporting layer into the absorber layer (CH3NH3PbI3) of the PSCs. Accordingly, chalcopyrite (CuInSe2) and bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) were introduced in the form of hexagonal pillars with an optimum radius of 35 nm and a height of 292 nm. It was found that the proposed PSCs can significantly extend the broadband light absorption from the visible spectrum to the near‐infrared (NIR) region compared to planar PSCs that have an identical active layer thickness. After optimization, the PSCs based on MP‐CuInSe2 and MP‐Bi2Se3 showed the best performance with an enhancement of respectively 32% and 54 % in the photocurrent density, (with values of 29.94 and 34.93 mA.cm−2), as compared to the planar PSC (with a photocurrent density of 22.69 mA.cm−2). This enhancement resulted from a more effective carrier transport due to the mesoscopic structures.
An optimization method for reducing the voltage fluctuation of the floating‐capacitor in ANPC five‐level inverter
Authors: Liu Zhan , Li Peiyuan , Lu Kaier , Shen Xiao , Wu Xiang , Xia Zhenglong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe excessive fluctuation of the floating capacitance's (FCs) voltage affects the output performance and output power of the 3P‐5L‐ANPC converter. In order to minimize the fluctuation of the FCs voltage, an optimization control method based on zero‐sequence voltage (ZSV) injection is proposed. The method takes reducing the maximum amplitude of the voltage fluctuation of the three‐phase floating capacitor as the control target. Firstly, the mathematical equation between the modulation voltage and the voltage fluctuation of the FCs are established, and then the maximum fluctuation amplitude of the FCs voltage is obtained by using the established mathematical equations. Secondly, the range of ZSV injection is determined according to the conditions such as the control of neutral point voltage and the limitation of high‐phase voltage leaps. Finally, the equations of the maximum amplitude in the voltage fluctuation of the three‐phase FCs are established, and the ZSV with the minimum voltage amplitude fluctuation of the FCs is obtained within the effective range of the ZSV injection. Compared with the traditional shifted pulse width modulation (SPWM)/space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) method, the proposed method can effectively reduce the fluctuation of the FC voltage by 50%. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Total electron temperature derived from quasi-thermal noise spectroscopy in the pristine solar wind from Parker Solar Probe observations
Authors: Liu M. , Issautier K. , Moncuquet M. , Meyer-Vernet N. , Maksimovic M. , Huang J. , Martinovic M. M. , Griton L. , Chrysaphi N. , Jagarlamudi V. K. , Bale S. D. , Pulupa M. , Kasper J. C. , Stevens M. L. 
Published: April 2023

Aims.We applied the quasi-thermal noise (QTN) method to Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations to derive the total electron temperature (Te). We combined a set of encounters to make up a 12-day period of observations around each perihelion from encounter one (E01) to ten (E10), with E08 not included. Here, the heliocentric distance varies from about 13 to 60 solar radii (R⊙).Methods.The QTN technique is a reliable tool to yield accurate measurements of the electron parameters in the solar wind. We obtainedTefrom the linear fit of the high-frequency part of the QTN spectra acquired by the RFS/FIELDS instrument. Then, we provided the mean radial electron temperature profile, and examined the electron temperature gradients for different solar wind populations (i.e. classified by the proton bulk speed,Vp, and the solar wind mass flux).Results.We find that the total electron temperature decreases with the distance as ∼R−0.66, which is much slower than adiabatic. The extrapolatedTebased on PSP observations is consistent with the exospheric solar wind model prediction at ∼10R⊙, Helios observations at ∼0.3 AU, and Wind observations at 1 AU. Also,Te, extrapolated back to 10R⊙, is almost the same as the Strahl electron temperature,Ts(measured by SPAN-E), which is considered to be closely related to or even almost equal to the coronal electron temperature. Furthermore, the radialTeprofiles in the slower solar wind (or flux tube with larger mass flux) are steeper than those in the faster solar wind (or flux tube with smaller mass flux). The more pronounced anticorrelation ofVp–Teis observed when the solar wind is slower and located closer to the Sun.