bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Eccentric Training on Hamstring Flexibility and Strength in Young Dance Students
Authors: Liang Feng , Hongfeng Huo , Ying Zhu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this research is to examine the impact of eccentric training on hamstring flexibility and strength in young dancers during the concluding stages of their foundational dance training program.
Methods: A total of 24 female, second-year dance students from Hebei Normal University were selected as participants. They were divided into three distinct groups: Nordic hamstring exercise and single-leg deadlift group (NHE&SLD), forward bending exercises and standing leg lift group (FBE&SLL), and a control group (CG). The study was designed around a 6-week training regimen. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure seated knee flexor-extensor strength, while electronic goniometry was employed to measure hamstring flexibility in the supine position. Paired sample t-tests were conducted within each group, and one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was utilized for comparisons between groups.
Results: In the NHE&SLD group, significant disparities were observed in both concentric (T=-5.687, P=0.001) and eccentric (T=-3.626, P=0.008) hamstring strength pre and post-intervention. The pre-intervention dominant leg concentric strength test values significantly influenced the post-intervention outcomes (F=5.313, P=0.001, η²=0.840). Similarly, the pre-intervention dominant leg eccentric strength test values impacted the post-intervention results (F=4.689, P=0.043, η²=0.190). Following the intervention, the NHE&SLD group displayed marked changes in the active straight leg raising angle on both left (T=-4.171, P=0.004) and right (T=-6.328, P=0.001) sides. The FBE&SLL group also revealed significant changes in the active straight leg raising angle on both left (T=-4.506, P=0.003) and right (T=-4.633, P=0.002) sides following the intervention. The pre-intervention left leg concentric strength test value significantly influenced the post-intervention outcomes (F=25.067, P=0.001, η²=0.556). Likewise, the pre-intervention right leg eccentric strength test value significantly influenced the post-intervention results (F=85.338, P=0.01, η²=0.810).
Conclusion: Eccentric training can effectively enhance hamstring flexibility and strength in dance students. Traditional stretching exercises mildly affect hamstring flexibility but do not create a significant impact on strength. Compared to pure stretching exercises, eccentric training provides more comprehensive training benefits. It is recommended for dance students to employ eccentric training into their habitually exercise routine.
Discriminant analysis reveals differences in breed structure in River Buffaloes of Maharashtra (India)
Authors: Ali S Sajid , Kuralkar S V , Kanadkhedkar H L , Bankar P S , Kataria R S , Vohra Vikas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Buffaloes are a major milch species of India and owning a true-to-breed buffalo herd is a reverie for livestock keepers, as it substantiates their incomes. Multivariate discriminate analysis is an efficient methodology to classify different farm animal populations based on canonical discriminant function. The present study was conducted on 392 adult buffaloes using 18 body biometric traits. Except for body height and body length, all the body characters revealed significant differences amongst the four buffalo populations. Unlike cattle, distance between horns and rump width were more discriminating factors, compared to body height, leg length, chest girth, and body length. We report the most suitable discriminate function which can discriminate with maximum between-group variation in four studied populations. Mahalanobis distances were calculated between populations and they ranged from 0.786 to 1.227. Purnathadi has revealed a distinct phenotypic structure and these buffaloes have a distinct native breeding region comprising of Akola, Amravati, and Buldhana districts of Maharashtra State. On the other hand, Elachpuri animals failed to depict physical and biometric discrimination from Nagpuri, Marathwadi, and Purnathadi buffalo populations and Elachpuri can be considered as a strain of Nagpuri buffalo.
Unveiling Intrinsic Charge Transfer Dynamics in Bone-Joint S-Scheme Heterostructures for Promoting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Generation
Authors: Chen Peng , Liu Yuhui , Deng Xiaoxu , Song Meiyang , Song Henghui , Wang Yi , Yin Shuang-Feng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Constructing compact direct Z- and S-scheme heterostructures is an efficient strategy for realizing highly efficient charge separation and photocatalytic performance. However, the driving charge source of the built-in electric field (BEF) for internal electron-hole complexation sites remains unknown, which is a barrier to rationally design heterojunctions. Here, experimental results and theoretical research unveiled that complicated internal charges can be directly transferred to an intermediate co-crystal plane for electron–hole complexation in compact S-scheme heterostructures, called “bone-joint” heterostructures. It acted as an inner source of BEF that compels charge directed migration and exciton dissociation. Moreover, those bone joint structures adjust the inherent chemical and energetic interactions that manipulate the reactant adsorption mode and surface reaction energy. As a result, a synthesized catalyst displayed remarkable hydrogen peroxide production performance and stability. This offers a new paradigm for intrinsic charge transfer dynamics in heterostructures and a guiding philosophy for designing efficient heterostructures.
An Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Zero Cement Concrete
Authors: Madhumitha P. , Bhargavi K. Santhosh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The cement industry promotes global warming and energy consumption. Sustainable waste can be used as a green binder providing a unique approach to sustainability. This paper aims to study on physical and mechanical properties of zero cement mortar cubes and zero cement concrete cubes of 7 different Mix Proportions using 1:1 and 1:2 ratios of sodium hydroxide of 8Molarity & sodium silicate alkaline solution. The binder is made out of fly ash, GGBS, metakaolin, lime, and gypsum. The results of the consistency, setting time, and compression strength tests were used to calculate the percentage of the chemical constituents in the zero cement mortars. By employing the Dry Density Method to remove voids and dense the concrete mix, an approach for determining mix proportions for a desired compression strength of 60 MPa was presented based on the performance of binders. The data reveal that zero cement concrete demonstrates higher strength in compressive testing compared to standard OPC Moreover, as the percentage of GGBS increases the maximum compressive strength rises at 28 days.
Synthesis of IONPs@β-CD by co-precipitation method at different ultrasound frequencies
Authors: Díaz-Castañon Sergio , Rivero Yuniel Rodríguez , Insausti Maite , Zabala Izaskun Gil de Muro , Lezama Luis , Rojo Teofilo , Díaz-García A.M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the last few decades, the use of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) with magnetic properties, especially in biomedicine, has gained a great attention due to the wide range of applications of those systems in various fields. In the present work, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as capping agent were synthesized by normal co-precipitation and reverse co-precipitation methods. Syntheses were made at 25 kHz y 45 kHz and without ultrasound for both methods. As-synthetized IONPs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and electrophoretic light scattering (z potentials). The analyses of vibration sample magnetometer confirmed that the nanoparticles have magnetic properties. Differences in particle size, organic coating degrees, and magnetization values for normal and reverse co-precipitation methods for obtained IONPs were observed. The particle size determined by Scherrer equation, SEM, TEM and DLS was increased at 45 kHz for both methodologies. The z potentials nearby ˗30 mV suggest that nanoparticles dispersion are moderately stable from aggregation. Potential use a platform for magnetic separation of IONPs modified with β-CD obtained by normal co-precipitation method in this work, are analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy, using as a model IBF, taking in account the formation of inclusion complex between this molecule and the β-CD on the surface of IONPs.
A phase 1 dose-escalation study of low-dose lenalidomide maintenance post-allogeneic stem cell transplantation for high-risk acute myeloid leukaemia or myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Ritchie David , Koo Ray Mun , Wong Eric , Davis Joanne , Perera Travis , Lim Andrew Boon Ming , Koldej Rachel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Immunomodulatory strategies to promote the graft-versus-leukaemia (GVL) effect following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) may precipitate graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD). We hypothesise that low-dose lenalidomide may be tolerable whilst still being able to augment GVL. We conducted a phase 1 study of post-alloSCT low-dose lenalidomide maintenance for patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukaemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. The primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Secondary objectives were treatment efficacy and assessment of immune reconstitution. Lenalidomide was commenced from day 40–45 post-alloSCT for up to 12 months. Fifteen patients were recruited. The highest lenalidomide dose was 5mg alternate daily, however the MTD was not reached due to early study termination from poor recruitment. Four dose-limiting toxicities were encountered, of which 3 were grade III acute GVHD. Of the 6 patients who died, 5 were due to relapsed disease. The incidence of acute GVHD was 33% and chronic GVHD at 1-year was 19%. One-year relapse-free survival and overall survival were 60%. Despite the low dose of lenalidomide, NK and T cell immune reconstitution was improved at day 100 post-alloSCT. Low-dose lenalidomide maintenance post-alloSCT resulted in acceptable GVHD risks with demonstrable impacts on immune reconstitution, meriting further investigation as a relapse-prevention strategy.
Object Detection In Low-Light Environment Using YOLOv7
Authors: Al-refai Ghaith , Elmoaqet Hisham , Ryalat Mutaz , Al-refai Mohammed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Object detection in low-light conditions is very essential in many applications such as autonomous driving, surveillance and security systems. Deep learning and neural networks are widely used in object detection applications, many algorithms were modified to improve the detection in low-light environments. You Only Look Once (YOLO) is one of the latest computer vision algorithms that provides accurate object detection and optimized algorithm run-time. In this work, the latest YOLO algorithm (version 7) is trained and validated using Exclusively Dark Image Dataset (ExDark) to detect twelve classes in dark environments. Results are displayed and compared with the latest related research work in this field. The detection precision and recall are 0.7153 and 0.6556 respectively. YOLOv7 showed a major improvement in the mean average precision (mAP) over a previous recent work who used the same dataset.
Tandem Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Improve Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma Patients with high risk factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Haifei , Qin SiBer , Zhou Lingyun , Liu Yusi , Zhang Peng , Zhou Qionglin , Xu Xiayan , Liu Danbo , Du Fang , Chen Jiao , Cao Weiling 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the differential effects of tandem or single autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT/ASCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients.
Methods
A systematic literature searched was performed on Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase. RCTs comparing single HDT/ASCT with or without consolidation therapy and tandem transplantation were included into network meta-analysis.
Results
A total of 8 RCTs was included into meta-analysis. The combined HR was 0.58 (95% CI: 0.43 to 0.80, P = 0.001) and 0.70 (95%CI: 0.54 to 0.90, P = 0.006) indicating tandem HDT/ASCT might significantly PFS and OS benefit for patients with at least one adverse factor. Results of network meta-analysis indicated there was no significant effect between tandem HDT/ASCT and single HDT/ASCT with consolidation therapy for PFS and OS. Tandem HDT/ASCT could reach a statistically significant VGPR or better response benefit compared with single HDT/ASCT (RR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.32, P = 0.006). No significant difference in the risk of TRM between tandem HDT/ASCT and single HDT/ASCT group.
Conclusions
The results of meta-analysis showed a superior PFS and OS with similar safety among tandem HDT/ASCT and single HDT/ASCT in high risk patients. Tandem HDT/ASCT might be considered as an alternative for high risk patients.
Glans Hypermobility Scale (GHS) Score: a Simple and Reliable Grading Scale for Glanular Hypermobility.
Authors: Kohler Tobias , Ziegelmann Matthew , Mian Abrar , Dodge Nicole , Mian Raza , Helo Sevann , Suarez-Sarmiento Alfredo , Brennan Matthew , Perito Paul 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Glans hypermobility (GH) is a well-described clinical entity that can have significant implications for cosmesis and function, resulting in sexual dissatisfaction, penile pain, and early device erosion, with an estimated incidence of 0.04–10%. We developed a novel grading scale to assess GH severity intraoperatively during primary inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) placement and describe a modified glanspexy technique to correct GH when encountered during IPP placement. A total of 530 patients underwent primary device implantation. Of these, 139 (26%) had hypermobility. Employing our new scaling system, grade 1, 2, and 3 GH was seen in 86 (16%), 29 (5.5%), and 24 (4.5%) cases, respectively. Increased implant size correlated with decreased likelihood of GH incidence. Each increase in implant size by 1 cm decreased the incidence of detecting GH by 11% (OR = 0.89; p = 0.015). 11 patients underwent primary GH repair using our described technique. At one-year follow-up, one patient required repeat glanspexy for recurrent bothersome GH and a second patient developed a suture granuloma at the glanspexy incision requiring unilateral cylinder explant. Our modified glanspexy technique can be used to correct GH in any direction and is a useful tool for the prosthetic surgeon’s armamentarium.
How do we treat psoriatic arthritis in the era of GRAPPA recommendations: predictive factors for bDMARDs usage in PsA patients in a real life setting
Authors: Ferraioli Mario , Conigliaro Paola , Fatica Mauro , D'Antonio Arianna , Ferrigno Sara , Scriffignano Silvia , Triggianese Paola , Perrotta Fabio Massimo , Greco Elisabetta , Bergamini Alberto , Lubrano Ennio , Chimenti Maria Sole 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis’s therapeutic approach has recently improved, as indicated by the recent GRAPPA recommendations, since the introduction of bDMARDs with different targets. Purpose of this study was to evaluate usage of PsA recommendations for bDMARDs selection based on baseline predictive factors. A retrospective study was conducted on bDMARD-naïve patients, in stable condition. Study population was divided in two groups based on the period they started treatment: between January 2006-December 2013 and between January 2014-December 2022. Then, impact of clinical PsA features and comorbidities was evaluated as an influencing factor in bDMARD selection. 146 patients were included in the 1st period (all receiving TNFi) and 250 in the 2nd (175 received TNFi and 75 ILi). Comparing only TNFi treated patients, subjects treated in the 2nd period presented less frequently PsO, enthesitis, poly-arthritis, bone erosions, CV risk factors, while those presenting PsO familiarity, oligo-arthritis and axial involvement resulted more frequently treated. Comparisons of patients treated in 2nd period with TNFi and ILi resulted that those presenting PsO, nail PsO, axial involvement and CV risk factors were more frequently treated with ILi while those presenting bone erosions with TNFi. Therefore, it is possible to speculate that PsA clinical features/comorbidities may influence treatment choices.
How important is natural selection respect to environment change in driving financial markets?
Authors: Fort Hugo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

A central challenge in evolutionary economics stems from the fact that fitness values are not static quantities but typically fluctuate over time. Based on the longstanding tradition of rigorous mathematical description of evolution in population genetics, we propose a quantitative implementation of fluctuating selection to explain the dynamics of firms’ market capitalizations. We thus estimate the Malthusian fitness of a company from a time series of its market cap. Next, the Fisher/Price theorem allows us to decompose the time variation of mean fitness into a “selection” term and an “environment change” term. The latter encompasses all time changes of fitnesses (due to innovation of firms, changes in economic policy, etc.)
We apply this Fluctuating Selection from Market Caps (FSMC) approach to daily market capitalizations of public-owned Fortune 100 companies across 2000-2021. The main findings are: Firstly, most of the change in mean fitness is explained by the environment change. Secondly, the smaller effect of selection has been mainly circumscribed to the three recessions that occurred between 2000 and 2021. Thirdly, recessions were characterized by drops in mean fitness. We conclude by deriving an equation for the evolution of market concentration that explains the observed trend towards greater concentration.
JEL codes: B52, C51, C52, C53, C63, G17
Temporary and Spatial Analysis of Lightning Density in Türki̇ye
Authors: ÇİÇEK İhsan , TÜRKOĞLU Necla , DEMİRÖRS Zerrin , GÖZET Edanur , YILMAZ Batuhan Ateş , ALAN İlker 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The electrical discharge occurring due to ascending and descending air movements between the ground and the atmosphere is called lightning. Lightning from cumulonimbus (Cb) clouds occurs as intercloud (IC), cloud-to-cloud (CC), or cloud-to-ground (CG). In the present study, both meteorological parameters (ground temperature, moisture content due to sea effect) and geographical features (latitude-longitude and altitude) were addressed in the spatial analysis of lightning density in Türkiye. The temporal analysis of lightning density was performed hourly, monthly, seasonally, and annually. The lightning data used in the study were obtained from the Türkiye State Meteorological Service (TSMS). ArcGIS version 10.4.1 was used as GIS software. When the annual lightning density was evaluated by regions, the highest values were observed in the Inner Aegean, Marmara, Muğla-Antalya, Western Black Sea, and Eastern Anatolia Regions. The Central Anatolia Region is the region with the lowest lightning density. Lightning density is also highest in late spring-early summer when the ground temperature and, thus, instability are highest. May and June were determined to be the months with the highest lightning density, whereas December, January, and February were the months with the lowest lightning density. Considering lightning activity hourly, the highest number of lightning strikes occurred at noon, and the lowest number occurred at night and morning hours. Upon examining the relationship of lightning with latitude and longitude values, it was concluded that the relationship with latitude values was more significant and positive. Lightning increases as a function of altitude between 30-150 m and 500-1000 m altitude, while it decreases as a function of altitude between 150-500 m and above 1000 m altitude.
Effect of basket depth and stocking density on production of the sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla: insights and recommendations
Authors: Vos Bas C. , Cyrus Mark D. , Bolton John J. , Macey Brett M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Basket depth and stocking density are crucial and related factors for successful commercial sea urchin aquaculture, but these factors have not been definitively determined for production of Tripneustes gratilla. This study investigates the effects of varying basket depths (deep 35cm vs. shallow 10cm) and stocking densities (4, 6 and 8kgs.m− 2 or 13, 19 and 24% coverage of available basket surface area) on urchin production. Contrary to previous suggestions, reduced consumption was identified as the cause of decreased production in deeper baskets. Consumption was significantly higher in shallow baskets than deep baskets for both the fresh seaweed, Ulva lacinulata, (W = 38, p = 0.026) and formulated feed (W = 76.5, p = 0.007). Consequently, baskets of approximately 10cm deep are recommended to enhance production of T. gratilla and possibly other urchin species. Two subsequent trials assessed T. gratilla production at different stocking densities. Trial 1 aimed to maximize urchin size over a three-month grow-out period using fresh U. lacinulata, while trial 2 focused on enhancing gonad production over two months using formulated feed. Although greater stocking density significantly reduced the specific growth rates of individual urchin mass in both trials (p < 0.044), there was no significant impact on mortality, net production or gonad size and quality. The variations in growth rates were attributed to spine loss resulting from negative behavioural interactions (F2, 9= 9.551; p = 0.005). Based on the objectives of both grow-out and gonad-enhancement phases, we recommend a stocking density of approximately 20% coverage.
Transient Hydromagnetic Maxwell Fluid Flow over Inclined Stretching Surface with Thermal Radiation, Viscous Dissipation and Ohmic Heating Effects
Authors: Opanuga Abiodun A. , Agboola Olasunmbo O. , Okagbue Hilary I. , Olajide Ibikunle 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Analysis of an electrically conducting two-dimensional Maxwell fluid flowing through an inclined stretching sheet is considered in this work. Incorporating the viscous dissipation and Ohmic heating effects on the time-dependent optically dense fluid, and using the required similarity transformation variables, the equations governing the flow are deduced and converted into a coupled system of ordinary differential equations. Runge-Kutta fourth order scheme with shooting technique is applied to solve the derived equations. Plots and tables are employed to explain the flow parameters for fluid velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles as well as the skin friction, local Nusselt number, and local Sherwood number. Increase in the angle of inclination parameter, Hartmann number, Prandtl number and Schmidt number reduce the magnitude of the fluid velocity, while radiation parameter, Grashof and Eckert numbers increase it. However, fluid temperature is significantly moderated by Grashof and Prandtl numbers.