bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-fat intake reshapes the circadian transcriptome profile and metabolism in murine meibomian glands
Authors: Zou Sen , Liu Jiangman , Si Hongli , Huang Duliurui , Qi Di , Pei Xiaoting , Lu Dingli , Huang Shenzhen , Li Zhijie 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundNutritional and food components reshape the peripheral clock and metabolism. However, whether food challenges affect the circadian clock and metabolism of meibomian glands (MGs) has not been fully explored. This study was designed to analyze alterations in the rhythmic transcriptome and metabolism of MGs of murine fed a balanced diet or a high-fat diet (HFD).MethodsMale C57BL/6J mice were maintained on a 12/12 h light/dark cycle and fed ad libitum on normal chow (NC) or HFD for 4 weeks. MGs were collected from sacrificed animals at 3-h intervals throughout a 24-h circadian cycle. The circadian transcriptome of MGs was analyzed via bioinformatics approaches using high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). In addition, circadian oscillations of lipid components in MGs were analyzed.ResultsMeibomian glands displayed robust transcriptome rhythmicity. HFD feeding significantly altered the circadian transcriptome profile of MGs—including composition and phase—and spatiotemporally affected the enriched signaling pathways. In addition, HFD feeding significantly altered the normal rhythmic oscillations of lipid components in MGs.ConclusionOur data show that HFD significantly affects MGs’ rhythmicity, which reveals a high sensitivity of MGs’ clocks to lipid composition in food.
Precise prediction of the sensitivity of platinum chemotherapy in SCLC: Establishing and verifying the feasibility of a CT-based radiomics nomogram
Authors: Su Yanping , Lu Chenying , Zheng Shenfei , Zou Hao , Shen Lin , Yu Junchao , Weng Qiaoyou , Wang Zufei , Chen Minjiang , Zhang Ran , Ji Jiansong , Wang Meihao 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesTo develop and validate a CT-based radiomics nomogram that can provide individualized pretreatment prediction of the response to platinum treatment in small cell lung cancer (SCLC).MaterialsA total of 134 SCLC patients who were treated with platinum as a first-line therapy were eligible for this study, including 51 patients with platinum resistance (PR) and 83 patients with platinum sensitivity (PS). The variance threshold, SelectKBest, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were applied for feature selection and model construction. The selected texture features were calculated to obtain the radiomics score (Rad-score), and the predictive nomogram model was composed of the Rad-score and the clinical features selected by multivariate analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curves were used to assess the performance of the nomogram.ResultsThe Rad-score was calculated using 10 radiomic features, and the resulting radiomics signature demonstrated good discrimination in both the training set (area under the curve [AUC], 0.727; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.627–0.809) and the validation set (AUC, 0.723; 95% CI, 0.562–0.799). To improve diagnostic effectiveness, the Rad-score created a novel prediction nomogram by combining CA125 and CA72-4. The radiomics nomogram showed good calibration and discrimination in the training set (AUC, 0.900; 95% CI, 0.844-0.947) and the validation set (AUC, 0.838; 95% CI, 0.534-0.735). The radiomics nomogram proved to be clinically beneficial based on decision curve analysis.ConclusionWe developed and validated a radiomics nomogram model for predicting the response to platinum in SCLC patients. The outcomes of this model can provide useful suggestions for the development of tailored and customized second-line chemotherapy regimens.
An MRI-based radiomics nomogram in predicting histologic grade of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Li Longchao , Zhang Jing , Zhe Xia , Chang Hongzhi , Tang Min , Lei Xiaoyan , Zhang Li , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundNon-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is categorized into high and low grades with different clinical treatments and prognoses. Thus, accurate preoperative evaluation of the histologic NMIBC grade through imaging techniques is essential.ObjectivesTo develop and validate an MRI-based radiomics nomogram for individualized prediction of NMIBC grading.MethodsThe study included 169 consecutive patients with NMIBC (training cohort: n = 118, validation cohort: n = 51). A total of 3148 radiomic features were extracted, and one-way analysis of variance and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used to select features for building the radiomics score(Rad-score). Three models to predict NMIBC grading were developed using logistic regression analysis: a clinical model, a radiomics model and a radiomics–clinical combined nomogram model. The discrimination and calibration power and clinical applicability of the models were evaluated. The diagnostic performance of each model was compared by determining the area under the curve (AUC) in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsA total of 24 features were used to build the Rad-score. A clinical model, a radiomics model, and a radiomics–clinical nomogram model that incorporated the Rad-score, age, and number of tumors were constructed. The radiomics model and nomogram showed AUCs of 0.910 and 0.931 in the validation set, which outperformed the clinical model (0.745). The decision curve analysis also showed that the radiomics model and combined nomogram model yielded higher net benefits than the clinical model.ConclusionA radiomics–clinical combined nomogram model has the potential to be used as a non-invasive tool for the differentiating low-from high-grade NMIBCs.
Getting Recovery Right After Neck Dissection (GRRAND-F): Mixed-methods feasibility study to design a pragmatic randomised controlled trial
Authors: Smith Toby O. , Garrett Angela , Liu Tianshu , Morris Alana , Gallyer Victoria , Fordham Bethany A. , Dutton Susan J. , Chester-Jones Mae , Lamb Sarah E. , Winter Stuart Charles 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial to estimate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a rehabilitation intervention following neck dissection (ND) after head and neck cancer (HNC).DesignTwo-arm, open, pragmatic, parallel, multicentre, randomised controlled feasibility trial.SettingTwo UK NHS hospitals.ParticipantsPeople who had HNC in whom a ND was part of their care. We excluded those with a life expectancy of six months or less, pre-existing, long-term neurological disease affecting the shoulder and cognitive impairment.InterventionUsual care (standard care supplemented with a booklet on postoperative self-management) was received by all participants. The GRRAND intervention programme consisted of usual care plus up to six individual physiotherapy sessions including neck and shoulder range of motion and progressive resistance exercises, advice and education. Between sessions, participants were advised to complete a home exercise programme.Randomisation1:1 randomisation. Allocation was based on minimisation, stratified by hospital site and spinal accessory nerve sacrifice. It was not possible to mask treatment received.Main outcome measuresPrimary: Participant recruitment, retention and fidelity to the study protocol and interventions from study participants and staff at six months post-randomisation (and 12 months for those reaching that time-point). Secondary: clinical measures of pain, function, physical performance, health-related quality of life, health utilisation and adverse events.Results36 participants were recruited and enrolled. The study achieved five of its six feasibility targets. These included consent - 70% of eligible participants were consented; intervention fidelity - 78% participants discharged completed the intervention sessions; contamination - none - no participants in the control arm received the GRRAND-F intervention and retention - 8% of participants were lost to follow-up. The only feasibility target that was not achieved was the recruitment target where only 36 of the planned 60 participants were recruited over 18 months. This was principally due to the COVID-19 pandemic which caused all research activity to be paused or reduced, with a subsequent reduction in.ConclusionsBased on the findings a full-trial can now be designed to better understand whether this proposed intervention is effective.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN1197999, identifier ISRCTN11979997.
Is it feasible and ethical to randomize patients between surgery and non-surgical treatments for gastrointestinal cancers?
Authors: Rebelo Artur , Klose Johannes , Kleeff Jörg , Ronellenfitsch Ulrich 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundIn several settings in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers, it is unclear if the addition of surgery to a multimodal treatment strategy, or in some circumstances its omission, lead to a better outcome for patients. In such situations of clinical equipoise, high-quality evidence from randomised-controlled trials is needed to decide which treatment approach is preferable.ObjectiveIn this article, we outline the importance of randomised trials comparing surgery with non-surgical therapies for specific scenarios in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers. We explain the difficulties and solutions of designing these trials and recruiting patients in this context.MethodsWe performed a selective review based on a not systematic literature search in core databases, supplemented by browsing health information journals and citation searching. Only articles in English were selected. Based on this search, we discuss the results and methodological characteristics of several trials which randomised patients with gastrointestinal cancers between surgery and non-surgical treatments, highlighting their differences, advantages, and limitations.Results and conclusionsInnovative and effective cancer treatment requires randomised trials, also comparing surgery and non-surgical treatments for defined scenarios in the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies. Nevertheless, potential obstacles to designing and carrying out these trials must be recognised ahead of time to avoid problems before or during the trial.
Access to advanced cancer care services in the West Bank-occupied Palestinian territory
Authors: Mitwalli Suzan , Hammoudeh Weeam , Giacaman Rita , Harding Richard 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionUniversal Health Coverage (UHC) identifies the provision of palliative care for people with advanced disease as an essential health service. Palliative care is also stipulated as a human right under existing covenants. Oncology services provided by the Palestinian Authority under Israeli military occupation are limited to surgery and chemotherapy treatment. Our study aimed to describe the experiences of patients with advanced-stage cancer in the West Bank in accessing oncology services and meeting their health care needs.MethodologyWe conducted a qualitative study among adult patients diagnosed with advanced lung, colon, or breast cancer in three Palestinian governmental hospitals, and with oncologists. Thematic analysis was conducted on the verbatim interview transcripts.ResultsThe sample consisted of 22 Palestinian patients (10 men and 12 women) and 3 practicing oncologists. The findings reveal that cancer care is fragmented, with limited access to the services needed. Patients face referral delays in accessing treatment which worsen their health condition in some cases. Some patients reported difficulties in getting Israeli permits to access radiotherapy treatment in East-Jerusalem, and others experienced interruptions of their chemotherapy treatment sessions due to the unavailability of chemotherapy medications caused by Israeli-side delays. Other reported problems were related to the Palestinian health system and service delivery and quality, including fragmentation of services, infrastructure issues, and unavailability of medications. Advanced diagnostic services and palliative care are almost absent at Palestinian governmental hospitals, and patients need to seek these services in the private sector.ConclusionThe data demonstrate specific access restrictions to cancer care in the West Bank due to Israeli military occupation of Palestinian land. This affects all stages of the care pathway, from restricted diagnosis services, to limited treatment and then poor availability of palliative care. Cancer patients will continue to suffer if the root causes of these structural constraints are not addressed.
Is MRI-Linac helpful in SABR treatments for liver cancer?
Authors: Tallet Agnès , Boher Jean-Marie , Tyran Marguerite , Mailleux Hugues , Piana Gilles , Benkreira Mohamed , Fau Pierre , Salem Naji , Gonzague Laurence , Petit Claire , Darréon Julien 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo determine the MRI-Linac added value over conventional image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) in liver tumors Stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR).Materials and methodsWe retrospectively compared the Planning Target Volumes (PTVs), the spared healthy liver parenchyma volumes, the Treatment Planning System (TPS) and machine performances, and the patients’ outcomes when using either a conventional accelerator (Versa HD®, Elekta, Utrecht, NL) with Cone Beam CT as the IGRT tool or an MR-Linac system (MRIdian®, ViewRay, CA).ResultsFrom November 2014 to February 2020, 59 patients received a SABR treatment (45 and 19 patients in the Linac and MR-Linac group, respectively) for 64 primary or secondary liver tumors. The mean tumor size was superior in the MR-Linac group (37,91cc vs. 20.86cc). PTV margins led to a median 74%- and 60% increase in target volume in Linac-based and MRI-Linac-based treatments, respectively. Liver tumor boundaries were visible in 0% and 72% of the cases when using CBCT and MRI as IGRT tools, respectively. The mean prescribed dose was similar in the two patient groups. Local tumor control was 76.6%, whereas 23.4% of patients experienced local progression (24.4% and 21.1% of patients treated on the conventional Linac and the MRIdian system, respectively). SABR was well tolerated in both groups, and margins reduction and the use of gating prevented ulcerous disease occurrence.ConclusionThe use of MRI as IGRT allows for the reduction of the amount of healthy liver parenchyma irradiated without any decrease of the tumor control rate, which would be helpful for dose escalation or subsequent liver tumor irradiation if needed.
Gestational weight gain in women with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity and anthropometry of infants at birth
Authors: Mogensen Christina Sonne , Zingenberg Helle , Svare Jens , Astrup Arne , Magkos Faidon , Geiker Nina Rica Wium 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo examine the association of gestational weight gain (GWG) among women with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity with infant weight and BMI z-score at birth.MethodsThis study is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial including data from 208 infants at birth born by mothers with pre-pregnancy BMI between 28 and 45 kg/m2 who completed the APPROACH study (randomized to a high-protein low-glycemic index diet or a moderate-protein moderate-glycemic index diet). This analysis pooled the two diet treatment groups together and data were analyzed using a linear mixed model.ResultsLimiting GWG by 1 kg was associated with lower birthweight (−16 g, P = 0.003), BMI z-score (−0.03SD, P = 0.019), weight z-score (−0.03SD, P = 0.004), and infant abdominal circumference (−0.06 cm, P = 0.039). Infants born by mothers whose GWG was ≤9 kg weighed less (122 g, 95% CI: 6–249, P = 0.040), had similar BMI z-score (0.2SD, 95% CI: −0.06 to 0.55, P = 0.120), and lower incidence of emergency cesarean deliveries (11.5% vs. 23.1%, P = 0.044) compared to infants born by mothers whose GWG was &gt;9 kg. When women were classified into GWG quartiles, women in Q1 (GWG range: −7.0 to 3.2 kg) gave birth to smaller infants (3,420 g, P = 0.015) with lower BMI z-score (−0.5SD, P = 0.041) than women in Q2 (3.3–7.1 kg), Q3 (7.2–10.9 kg) and Q4 (11.1–30.2 kg).ConclusionsLimiting GWG among women with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity was associated with lower infant weight, BMI z-score, weight z-score, and abdominal circumference at birth. Moreover, GWG below the Institute of Medicine guideline of a maximum of 9 kg was associated with lower birthweight and fewer emergency cesarean deliveries.
The protective effects of baicalin for respiratory diseases: an update and future perspectives
Authors: Song Siyu , Ding Lu , Liu Guangwen , Chen Tian , Zhao Meiru , Li Xueyan , Li Min , Qi Hongyu , Chen Jinjin , Wang Ziyuan , Wang Ying , Ma Jing , Wang Qi , Li Xiangyan , Wang Zeyu 
Published: March 2023

Background: Respiratory diseases are common and frequent diseases. Due to the high pathogenicity and side effects of respiratory diseases, the discovery of new strategies for drug treatment is a hot area of research. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG) has been used as a medicinal herb in China for over 2000 years. Baicalin (BA) is a flavonoid active ingredient extracted from SBG that BA has been found to exert various pharmacological effects against respiratory diseases. However, there is no comprehensive review of the mechanism of the effects of BA in treating respiratory diseases. This review aims to summarize the current pharmacokinetics of BA, baicalin-loaded nano-delivery system, and its molecular mechanisms and therapeutical effects for treating respiratory diseases.Method: This review reviewed databases such as PubMed, NCBI, and Web of Science from their inception to 13 December 2022, in which literature was related to “baicalin”, “Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi”, “COVID-19”, “acute lung injury”, “pulmonary arterial hypertension”, “asthma”, “chronic obstructive pulmonary disease”, “pulmonary fibrosis”, “lung cancer”, “pharmacokinetics”, “liposomes”, “nano-emulsions”, “micelles”, “phospholipid complexes”, “solid dispersions”, “inclusion complexes”, and other terms.Result: The pharmacokinetics of BA involves mainly gastrointestinal hydrolysis, the enteroglycoside cycle, multiple metabolic pathways, and excretion in bile and urine. Due to the poor bioavailability and solubility of BA, liposomes, nano-emulsions, micelles, phospholipid complexes, solid dispersions, and inclusion complexes of BA have been developed to improve its bioavailability, lung targeting, and solubility. BA exerts potent effects mainly by mediating upstream oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and immune response pathways. It regulates are the NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, TGF-β/Smad, Nrf2/HO-1, and ERK/GSK3β pathways.Conclusion: This review presents comprehensive information on BA about pharmacokinetics, baicalin-loaded nano-delivery system, and its therapeutic effects and potential pharmacological mechanisms in respiratory diseases. The available studies suggest that BA has excellent possible treatment of respiratory diseases and is worthy of further investigation and development.
Time-resolved infrared difference spectroscopy in cells: Response of the basic region leucine zipper of aureochrome
Authors: Goett-Zink Lukas , Baum Eileen , Kottke Tilman 
Published: March 2023

Aureochromes are light, oxygen, voltage (LOV) proteins and central blue-light receptors in algae acting as light-gated transcription factors. The C-terminal LOV domain mediates blue-light recognition and the basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) domain binds a specific DNA motif as effector. LOV domains from aureochromes have been successfully applied in optogenetic tools. The light-induced response of aureochromes has been studied by a variety of biophysical techniques, but the mechanism of signal progression from LOV to bZIP remains unclear. We studied the bZIP-LOV module of aureochrome1a from the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum using time-resolved rapid-scan FTIR difference spectroscopy. Time-resolved difference spectra of bZIP-LOV in vitro revealed a time constant of 5 s for the formation of a light state dimer of the LOV domains and the concomitant loss of α-helical elements in the bZIP domain. To verify these observations in a near-native environment, in-cell infrared difference spectroscopy (ICIRD) was extended from a steady state to a time-resolved technique using LOV domains in bacterial cells. We established a time-resolved in-cell method with a resolution of 7.6 ms after the laser pulse. Using this technique, the response of bZIP-LOV was followed in living bacterial cells and the light-induced partial unfolding of bZIP was confirmed to take place in cells in a similar time range as in vitro. These results provide structural and kinetic insights into the signaling mechanism of aureochromes. The slow response points to an association of LOV to bZIP in the dark state prior to activation.
From comfort zone to mortality: Sequence of physiological stress thresholds in Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings during progressive drought
Authors: Wang Xia , Fan Yanli , Zhang Congcong , Zhao Yihong , Du Guangyuan , Li Min , Si Bingcheng 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionParameterizing the process of trees from the comfort zone to mortality during progressive drought is important for, but is not well represented in, vegetation models, given the lack of appropriate indices to gauge the response of trees to droughts. The objective of this study was to determine reliable and readily available tree drought stressindices and the thresholds at which droughts activate important physiological responses.MethodsWe analyzed the changes in the transpiration (T), stomatal conductance, xylem conductance, and leaf health status due to a decrease in soil water availability (SWA), predawn xylem water potential (ψpd), and midday xylem water potential (ψmd) in Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings during progressive drought.ResultsThe results showed that ψmd was a better indicator of drought stress than SWA and ψpd, because ψmd was more closely related to the physiological response (defoliation and xylem embolization) during severe drought and could be measured more conveniently. We derived the following five stress levels from the observed responses to decreasing ψmd: comfort zone (ψmd &gt; -0.9 MPa), wherein transpiration and stomatal conductance are not limited by SWA; moderate drought stress (-0.9 to -1.75 MPa), wherein transpiration and stomatal conductance are limited by drought; high drought stress (-1.75 to -2.59 MPa), wherein transpiration decreases significantly (T&lt; 10%) and stomata closes completely; severe drought stress (-2.59 to -4.02 MPa), wherein transpiration ceases (T&lt; 0.1%) and leaf shedding orwilting is &gt; 50%; and extreme drought stress (&lt; -4.02 MPa), leading to tree mortality due to xylem hydraulic failure.DiscussionTo our knowledge, our scheme is the first to outline the quantitative thresholds for the downregulation of physiological processes in R. pseudoacacia during drought, therefore, can be used to synthesize valuable information for process-based vegetation models.