bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffusion-based structural connectivity patterns of multiple sclerosis phenotypes
Authors: Martinez-Heras Eloy , Solana Elisabeth , Vivó Francesc , Lopez-Soley Elisabet , Calvi Alberto , Alba-Arbalat Salut , Schoonheim Menno M , Strijbis Eva M , Vrenken Hugo , Barkhof Frederik , Rocca Maria A , Filippi Massimo , Pagani Elisabetta , Groppa Sergiu , Fleischer Vinzenz , Dineen Robert A , Bellenberg Barbara , Lukas Carsten , Pareto Deborah , Rovira Alex , Sastre-Garriga Jaume , Collorone Sara , Prados Ferran , Toosy Ahmed , Ciccarelli Olga , Saiz Albert , Blanco Yolanda , Llufriu Sara 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundWe aimed to describe the severity of the changes in brain diffusion-based connectivity as multiple sclerosis (MS) progresses and the microstructural characteristics of these networks that are associated with distinct MS phenotypes.MethodsClinical information and brain MRIs were collected from 221 healthy individuals and 823 people with MS at 8 MAGNIMS centres. The patients were divided into four clinical phenotypes: clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive and primary progressive. Advanced tractography methods were used to obtain connectivity matrices. Then, differences in whole-brain and nodal graph-derived measures, and in the fractional anisotropy of connections between groups were analysed. Support vector machine algorithms were used to classify groups.ResultsClinically isolated syndrome and relapsing-remitting patients shared similar network changes relative to controls. However, most global and local network properties differed in secondary progressive patients compared with the other groups, with lower fractional anisotropy in most connections. Primary progressive participants had fewer differences in global and local graph measures compared with clinically isolated syndrome and relapsing-remitting patients, and reductions in fractional anisotropy were only evident for a few connections. The accuracy of support vector machine to discriminate patients from healthy controls based on connection was 81%, and ranged between 64% and 74% in distinguishing among the clinical phenotypes.ConclusionsIn conclusion, brain connectivity is disrupted in MS and has differential patterns according to the phenotype. Secondary progressive is associated with more widespread changes in connectivity. Additionally, classification tasks can distinguish between MS types, with subcortical connections being the most important factor.
Analysis of serum proteomics data identifies a quantitative association between beta-defensin 2 at baseline and clinical response to IL-17 blockade in psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Cardner Mathias , Tuckwell Danny , Kostikova Anna , Forrer Pascal , Siegel Richard M , Marti Alain , Vandemeulebroecke Marc , Ferrero Enrico 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesDespite several effective targeted therapies, biomarkers that predict whether a patient with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) will respond to a particular treatment are currently lacking.MethodsWe analysed proteomics data from serum samples of nearly 2000 patients with PsA in placebo-controlled phase-III clinical trials of the interleukin-17 inhibitor secukinumab. To discover predictive biomarkers of clinical response, we used statistical learning with controlled feature selection. The top candidate was validated using an ELISA and was separately assessed in a trial of almost 800 patients with PsA treated with secukinumab or the tumour necrosis factor inhibitor adalimumab.ResultsSerum levels of beta-defensin 2 (BD-2) at baseline were found to be robustly associated with subsequent clinical response (eg, American College of Rheumatology definition of 20%, 50% and 70% improvement) to secukinumab, but not to placebo. This finding was validated in two independent clinical studies not used for discovery. Although BD-2 is known to be associated with psoriasis severity, the predictivity of BD-2 was independent of baseline Psoriasis Area and Severity Index. The association between BD-2 and response to secukinumab was observed as early as 4 weeks and maintained up to 52 weeks. BD-2 was also found to predict response to treatment with adalimumab. Unlike in PsA, BD-2 was not predictive of response to secukinumab in rheumatoid arthritis.ConclusionsIn PsA, BD-2 at baseline is quantitatively associated with clinical response to secukinumab. Patients with high levels of BD-2 at baseline reach and sustain higher rates of clinical response after treatment with secukinumab.
Investigation of the Effect of Axial Gap on the Mechanical Response of a Cartridge-Loaded CMDB Propellant Grain under Vibration Loads
Authors: Zhang Yiming , Wang Ningfei , Chen Xiaoxu , Wang Ran , Bai Long , Dang Jinfeng , Wu Yi 
Published: June 2023

In this study, the effect of the axial gap on the mechanical response of a cartridge-loaded propellant grain under vibration loads is investigated. The wide strain rate range of uniaxial compression tests (

1.7
×

10

−
3

~
4
×

10

3

s

−
1

) on the composite modified double base (CMDB) propellant was carried out by using a universal testing machine, a hydraulic testing machine, and a split Hopkinson pressure bar system, respectively. A linear viscoelastic constitutive model of the CMDB propellant was developed by using the experimental measurements. The results show the studied CMDB propellant has a strong strain rate dependence, exhibiting an initial linear elasticity followed by a strain hardening region. The dynamic process of collision between the propellant grain and the motor case in the axial direction induced by vibration loads was simulated with the developed constitutive model by using the finite element method. The effects of the gap size between the propellant grain and the case and the vibration frequency on the mechanical response of the grain were studied. This shows that with a constant vibration frequency, the stress of the grain increases first and then decreases with increasing gap size. Moreover, the stress increases with increasing vibration loads.
Cure Kinetics of a Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Prepreg by Dynamic Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Authors: Chen Kaihua , Zhu Xiaobao , Zhao Guozhen , Chen Jing , Guo Shenghui 
Published: June 2023

Investigating the curing kinetics of a fiber prepreg system is beneficial to the controlling of prepreg laminate curing process. In the present work, a dicyandiamide (DICY)-cured carbon fiber/epoxy prepreg system was investigated by non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at 2, 5, 10, and 20°C/min to attain the glass transition temperature for uncured prepreg and fully cured sample, which were estimated to be 7.6°C and 106.2°C, respectively. The activation energy (Ea) of the prepreg system was evaluated by Kissinger and Ozawa methods, and Friedman method was also employed to reveal the evolution of Ea as a function of curing degree. The kinetic parameters were determined by fitting the average Ea value obtained by Friedman method into Málek methodology, and the two parameters Šesták–Berggren model was found to best describe the curing kinetic of the prepreg system. The preexponential factor was calculated to be

6.0
×

10

8

min−1, with the overall reaction order at nearly 2.5. The prediction curves, based on Friedman method and autocatalytic model, were in good agreement with the experimental data.
Live Biotherapeutic Products as Cancer Treatments
Authors: Brevi Arianna , Zarrinpar Amir 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Almost every aspect of cancer can be influenced by microbiota including tumor onset, progression, and response to therapy. The increasing evidence of the role of microbiota in human health and disease has reinvigorated the interest in designing microbial products that can affect cancer outcomes. Researchers have made numerous attempts to develop safe, engineered biotherapeutic products for cancer treatment using synthetic biology tools. Despite the progress, only Bacillus Calmette-Guérin is approved for human use. Here, we highlight the recent advances and current challenges in using live bacteria as cancer therapeutics.
Unilaterally Selective Adrenal Vein Sampling for Identification of Surgically Curable Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Rossi Gian Paolo , Bagordo Domenico , Amar Laurence , Azizi Michel , Riester Anna , Reincke Martin , Degenhart Christoph , Widimský Jiří , Naruse Mitsuhide , Deinum Jaap , Kocjan Tomaz , Negro Aurelio , Rossi Ermanno , Kline Gregory , Tanabe Akiyo , Satoh Fumitoshi , Rump Lars Christian , Vonend Oliver , Willenberg Holger S. , Fuller Peter J. , Yang Jun , Chee Nicholas Yong Nian , Magill Steven B. , Shafigullina Zulfiya , Quinkler Marcus , Oliveras Anna , Lee Bo-Ching , Chang Chin-Chen , Wu Vin-Cent , Krátká Zuzana , Battistel Michele , Rossitto Giacomo , Seccia Teresa Maria 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Adrenal venous sampling is recommended for the identification of unilateral surgically curable primary aldosteronism but is often clinically useless, owing to failed bilateral adrenal vein cannulation.

OBJECTIVES:
To investigate if only unilaterally selective adrenal vein sampling studies can allow the identification of the responsible adrenal.

METHODS:
Among 1625 patients consecutively submitted to adrenal vein sampling in tertiary referral centers, we selected those with selective adrenal vein sampling results in at least one side; we used surgically cured unilateral primary aldosteronism as gold reference. The accuracy of different values of the relative aldosterone secretion index (RASI), which estimates the amount of aldosterone produced in each adrenal gland corrected for catheterization selectivity, was examined.

RESULTS:
We found prominent differences in RASI values distribution between patients with and without unilateral primary aldosteronism. The diagnostic accuracy of RASI values estimated by the area under receiver operating characteristic curves was 0.714 and 0.855, respectively, in the responsible and the contralateral side; RASI values >2.55 and ≤0.96 on the former and the latter side furnished the highest accuracy for detection of surgically cured unilateral primary aldosteronism. Moreover, in the patients without unilateral primary aldosteronism, only 20% and 16% had RASI values ≤0.96 and >2.55.

CONCLUSIONS:
With the strength of a large real-life data set and use of the gold reference entailing an unambiguous diagnosis of unilateral primary aldosteronism, these results indicate the feasibility of identifying unilateral primary aldosteronism using unilaterally selective adrenal vein sampling results.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01234220.
Longitudinal Aortic Root Dilatation in Collegiate American‐Style Football Athletes
Authors: Tso Jason V. , Turner Casey G. , Liu Chang , Prabakaran Ganesh , Jackson Mekensie , Galante Angelo , Gilson Carla R. , Clark Craig , Williams B. Robinson , Quyyumi Arshed A. , Baggish Aaron L. , Kim Jonathan H. 
Published: June 2023

Background
Clinically relevant aortic dilatation (>40 mm) and increased cardiovascular risk are common among retired professional American‐style football athletes. Among younger athletes, the effect of American‐style football participation on aortic size is incompletely understood. We sought to determine changes in aortic root (AR) size and associated cardiovascular phenotypes across the collegiate career.

Methods and Results

This was a multicenter, longitudinal repeated‐measures observational cohort study of athletes across 3 years of elite collegiate American‐style football participation. A total of 247 athletes (119 [48%] Black, 126 [51%] White, 2 [1%] Latino; 91 [37%] linemen, 156 [63%] non‐linemen) were enrolled as freshmen and studied at pre‐ and postseason year 1, postseason year 2 (N=140 athletes), and postseason year 3 (N=82 athletes). AR size was measured with transthoracic echocardiography. AR diameter increased over the study period from 31.7 (95% CI, 31.4–32.0) to 33.5 mm (95% CI, 33.1–33.8;
P
<0.001). No athlete developed an AR ≥40 mm. Athletes also demonstrated increased weight (cumulative mean Δ, 5.0 [95% CI, 4.1–6.0] kg,
P
<0.001), systolic blood pressure (cumulative mean Δ, 10.6 [95% CI, 8.0–13.2] mm Hg,
P
<0.001), pulse wave velocity (cumulative mean Δ, 0.43 [95% CI, 0.31–0.56] m/s,
P
<0.001), and left ventricular mass index (cumulative mean Δ, 21.2 [95% CI, 19.2–23.3] g/m
2
,
P
<0.001), and decreased
E
′ velocity (cumulative mean Δ, −2.4 [95%CI, −2.9 to −1.9] cm/s,
P
<0.001). Adjusting for height, player position, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure, higher weight (
β
=0.030,
P
=0.003), pulse wave velocity (
β
=0.215,
P
=0.02), and left ventricular mass index (
β
=0.032,
P
<0.001) and lower
E
′ (
β
=−0.082,
P
=0.001) were associated with increased AR diameter.

Conclusions
Over the collegiate American‐style football career, athletes demonstrate progressive AR dilatation associated with cardiac and vascular functional impairment. Future studies delineating aortic outcomes are necessary to determine whether AR dilation is indicative of maladaptive vascular remodeling in this population.
Oxytocin Improves Intracerebral Hemorrhage Outcomes by Suppressing Neuronal Pyroptosis and Mitochondrial Fission
Authors: Yang Miaoxian , Deng Shuixiang , Jiang Junliang , Tian Mi , Xiao Lei , Gong Ye 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes severe sensorimotor dysfunction and cognitive decline which are aggravated by secondary brain injury, yet there are no effective management to alleviate these outcomes. Pyroptosis is strongly related to neuroinflammation, which plays a crucial role in the pathophysiological processes of secondary brain injury after ICH. OXT (oxytocin), as a pleiotropic neuropeptide, has multiple functions including anti-inflammation and antioxidation. This study aims to investigate the role of OXT in improving ICH outcomes and the underlying mechanisms.

METHODS:
C57BL/6 mice were used to establish the ICH model by autologous blood injection. OXT was administered intranasally (0.2 μg/g) after ICH. Combing behavioral tests, Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, electron microscopy, and pharmacological approaches, we evaluated the effect of intranasal OXT application on neurological outcomes after ICH and explored the underlying mechanism.

RESULTS:
Endogenous OXT level was decreased, whereas OXTR (oxytocin receptor) expression was increased after ICH. OXT treatment improved the short-term and long-term neurological functions and alleviated neuronal pyroptosis and neuroinflammation. In addition, OXT reduced excessive mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial-derived oxidative stress 3 days after ICH. OXT decreased the expression of pyroptotic and proinflammatory factors including NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor protein 3), ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD), GSDMD (gasdermin D), caspase-1, IL (interleukin)-1β, and IL-18 and increased the expression of p-PKA (phospho-protein kinase A) and p-DRP1 (S637; DRP1 [dynamin-related protein 1] phosphorylation at Ser637). OXT-induced neuroprotective effects were blocked by either OXTR inhibitor or PKA inhibitor.

CONCLUSIONS:
Intranasal application of OXT can ameliorate neurological deficits and alleviate neural pyroptosis, inflammation, and excessive mitochondrial fission via OXTR/p-PKA/DRP1 signaling pathway after ICH. Thus, OXT administration may be a potential therapeutic strategy to improve the prognosis of ICH.
“Pillar-Biters” and Beyond
Authors: Jütte Daniel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A common motif in late medieval and early modern Northern European art is the “pillar-biter.” Usually, the pillar-biter is depicted as a man who clings to a column while biting into it, but there are also representations of men and women who embrace or kiss columns. In the iconographic literature, the motif is usually linked to religious hypocrisy and the dissimulation of piety. But why did premodern Europeans associate columns and pillars with religious hypocrisy? To answer this question, the essay explores the pillar-biter motif in four different contexts: visual and linguistic traditions; ecclesiastical discourses and theology; popular piety and material religion; and, lastly, the sea change brought about by the Reformation. The column may seem a mere architectural element to the modern eye, but premodern viewers associated it with a host of religious practices and controversies that have fallen into oblivion.
Speakers’ Gestures and Semantic Analysis
Authors: Cienki Alan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The fact that an increasing number of scholars are approaching linguistic analysis from a multimodal perspective raises theoretical and methodological questions for the study of semantics. Taking a usage-based perspective, and the position that semantics is based in conceptual structures and processes, we see that gesture use relates to some key notions in cognitive linguistics. Gesture provides cues of possible mental simulation of concepts, it inherently involves spatial imagery, and gestures frequently objectify abstract concepts (through metonymy and metaphor). Both spoken language and gesture are dynamic phenomena, but gesture use relates to the accompanying speech on several time scales at once—concerning the level of words, of phrases, and of larger discourse units. Taking gesture into consideration in semantic analysis calls for rethinking the theoretical models for cognitive semantics, the methods of analysis we use, and the means of presenting those analyses. Currently this rethinking is still in its infancy.
Basic Emotion Prototypes in English and in Polish
Authors: Bąk Halszka , Altarriba Jeanette 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper explores the conceptualization differences between the prototypical categories of six basic emotions (anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, surprise) in English and Polish lexicalizations of these concepts in noun, verb, and adjective forms. Measures of valence, arousal, and dominance were collected and analyzed across the six semantic categories, between parts of speech and depending on the gender of the study participants for both languages. The results indicate that the basic emotion prototypes in both languages have common characteristics hinging broadly on valence but have unique language-specific patterns of valence, arousal, and dominance across individual emotion categories. Conceptualizations of emotions were found to be different between men and women and across languages, while language-specific patterns were found in part-of-speech effects. These results have serious implications for future study designs and research methodology at the intersection of cognition, emotion, and language and in cross-linguistic contexts.
Glanes lexicales dans la littérature bio-hagiographique de Tunisie (seconde moitié du 7e/XIIIe-début du 10e/XVIe siècle) : présentation de quelques matériaux en arabe vernaculaire/semi-vernaculaire
Authors: Meouak Mohamed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This note offers some lexical data in vernacular/semi-vernacular Arabic collected in three texts written by the following North-African authors : Ibn al-Dabbāġ al-Qayrawānī (dead in 696/1296 or 699/1300), Ibn al-Ṣabbāġ al-Ḥimyarī (dead after 733/1333) and ʿAlī b. Maymūn al-Ġumārī (dead in 917/1511). It is intended to remind the historian and the linguist of the interest there would be in examining the material in dialectal Arabic from Tunisia between the second half of the 7th/13th century and the beginning of the 10th/16th century in order to contribute, among other questions, to the development of a social history of linguistic uses. The lexical material is presented in Arabic script.
Sur le traitement des fricatives interdentales dans les parlers arabes contemporains : entre conservation et disparition
Authors: Guerrero Jairo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The present paper aims at making an inventory of the different reflexes displayed by Classical Arabic interdental fricatives in present-day Arabic dialects. It attempts to classify and categorize a wide range of realizations in order to better apprehend the variation affecting this set of phonemes. The goal of our study is to identify the general tendencies that govern the dynamics of maintenance and loss of interdental fricatives in Arabic vernaculars.
šafʿala-Verbs in Jordanian and Standard Arabic: A Lexical and Etymological Study in Light of Semitic and Classical Arabic Philology
Authors: Ritter Oliver , Thawabih Haytham , Al Salman Salah 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The article discusses the etymological origin of verbs like šaqlaba, šaḥtafa and šaḥṭaṭa, which are relatively common in Jordanian and other Arabic dialects of the Levant. While Arabic grammarians and philologists have identified these verbs as quadriliteral and mostly colloquial, the article contends that they could often be regarded as augmented or linked (mulḥaq) triliteral verbs, which are also found in Classical Arabic, and that the letter šīn is not a root letter but a prefix, which is common in many Semitic languages.
Can We Estimate the Uncertainty Level of Satellite Long-Term Precipitation Records?
Authors: Petković Veljko , Brown Paula J. , Berg Wesley , Randel David L. , Jones Spencer R. , Kummerow Christian D. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Several decades of continuous improvements in satellite precipitation algorithms have resulted in fairly accurate level-2 precipitation products for local-scale applications. Numerous studies have been carried out to quantify random and systematic errors at individual validation sites and regional networks. Understanding uncertainties at larger scales, however, has remained a challenge. Temporal changes in precipitation regional biases, regime morphology, sampling, and observation-vector information content, all play important roles in defining the accuracy of satellite rainfall retrievals. This study considers these contributors to offer a quantitative estimate of uncertainty in recently produced global precipitation climate data record. Generated from intercalibrated observations collected by a constellation of passive microwave (PMW) radiometers over the course of 30 years, this data record relies on Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission enterprise PMW precipitation retrieval to offer a long-term global monthly precipitation estimates with corresponding uncertainty at 5° scales. To address changes in the information content across different constellation members the study develops synthetic datasets from GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) sensor, while sampling- and morphology-related uncertainties are quantified using GPM’s dual-frequency precipitation radar (DPR). Special attention is given to separating precipitation into self-similar states that appear to be consistent across environmental conditions. Results show that the variability of bias patterns can be explained by the relative occurrence of different precipitation states across the regions and used to calculate product’s uncertainty. It is found that at 5° spatial scale monthly mean precipitation uncertainties in tropics can exceed 10%.