bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retinal vascular abnormalities in a patient with an overgrowth syndrome
Authors: Romero Miriam Montserrat Sancho , Maeso Alicia Traveset , Camps Anna Serret , Mier Felipe Costales , Carmona Fernando Paredes 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: To present a case report of unilateral vascular abnormalities on the retina of a patient with an overgrowth syndrome.Methods: A 26‐year‐old male who presents hemihypertrophy, hemimegaloencephaly, cutaneous haemangiomas and intellectual disability who underwent a complete ophthalmological examination. A detailed retinal imaging was performed as well as a fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT).Results: Fundus examination of the right eye revealed retinal vascular tortuosity while on the left eye there was fibrovascular proliferative tissue with new vessels from the optic nerve to retinal temporal vessel arcades and an area of chorioretinal atrophy in the superior‐temporal sector. FA illustrated diffuse retinal vascular leakage around temporal arcades which was more evident in late‐phase fluorescein angiograms, but no ischemic areas were found. An extrafoveal epiretinal membrane was seen by OCT on the left eye. As his visual acuity was adequate (20/20 vision in both eyes), initially a conservative management was considered, with visits every 6 months.Conclusions: Patients with an overgrowth syndrome can present different ocular abnormalities as optic nerve hypoplasia, strabismus, and high myopia but it is not frequent to find retinal vascular abnormalities. These patients would require a strict follow‐up by an ophthalmologist. This case also led us to think of the importance of a multidisciplinary work and how useful is to have a genetic testing and a differential diagnosis from all types of overgrowth disorders associated with ocular manifestations.
Incomitant strabismus as a form of presentation of neurolymphymatosis
Authors: Hernández Irene Gil , Nicolas Javier Garulo , Belda Raul Martinez , Del Rio Noemi Ruiz , Duch‐Samper Antonio M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: To report a case of Neurolymphomatosis to raise awareness of this condition. Neurolymphomatosis (NL) is the invasion of cranial nerves or roots by malignant cells from a non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).Methods: A 74 years old female, with known large B cell lymphoma treated 2 years prior with R‐CHOP chemotherapy, consulted our department for diplopia and blurred vision in left eye (OS). The clinical exploration evidenced a decrease of visual acuity (VA) on OS associated with hyporeactive pupil and signs of granulomatous panuveitis with inferior subretinal infiltrates. On her right eye (OD), she had a limitation of adduction, supraduction and underduction. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed, which found a mandibular mass. Its pathological study confirmed a recurrence of haematological disease and a new line of treatment with chemotherapy was established.Results: 2 weeks later, resolution of the strabismus and reabsorption of the retinal infiltrates were observed. The final VA of the patient was 0.8.Conclusions: Contrast MRI is the most specific and sensitive non‐invasive imaging technique, as the path of the infiltrated nerves will capture gadolinium. PET‐CT with FDG‐18 can help locate possible biopsy areas. The Gold Standard diagnostic technique is the biopsy of the affected nerves, but can only be performed in 50% of cases. Clinical information from the ophthalmological examination can be a support to guide the diagnosis.References.1. Baehring JM, Batchelor TT. Diagnosis and management on neurolymphomatosis. Cancer J. 2012;18(5):463–8.2. Sahin H, Mete A, Pehlivan M. Neurolynphomatosis in non‐Hodgkin lymphoma with cranial multineuritis. Medicine. 2018;97:15.
ATN grading system in a dome‐shaped macula and ridge shaped macula high lymyopic cohort
Authors: Garcia‐Zamora Maria , Flores‐Moreno Ignacio , Ruiz‐Medrano Jorge , Puertas Mariluz , Almazan‐Alonso Elena , Vega‐Gonzalez Rocio , Gonzalez‐Buendia Lucia , Ruiz‐Moreno Jose M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this study was to analyse the ATN grading in highly myopic patients with dome‐shaped macula (DSM) and ridge‐shaped macula (RSM).Methods: This was a cross‐sectional, noninterventional study. 57 eyes of 38 different patients were included. They were classified as DSM or RSM based on the number of radial scans affected on the swept‐source optical coherence tomography (SS‐OCT) (12 = DSM; 12 = RSM). All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination in addition to SS‐OCT. They were graded using the ATN system for myopic maculopathy by 2 masked retina specialists that assessed the atrophic (A), tractional (T), and neovascular (N) components. As complementary measurements, age, axial length (AL) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were collected. Height and orientation of the macular bulge and the presence of Bruch's membrane defects, scleral perforating vessels and staphyloma were recorded.Results: Out of total 57 eyes, 13 eyes (22.8%) were classified as DSM. Regarding the atrophic component (A), there were statistically significant differences between groups, with DSM group showing a greater stage of atrophy (predominantly stage A3 in 69.2% of the sample) compared to the RSM group (predominantly stage A2 in 61.3% of the sample) (p < 0.05). As for the tractional (T) and neovascular (N) components, there were no significant differences between groups. The presence of Bruch's membrane defects was more frequently seen in DSM (p < 0.05).Conclusions: DSM group showed more Bruch's membrane defects and a greater stage of the atrophy component, based on the ATN grading system, compared with RSM group. As Bruch's membrane may have biomechanical properties in terms of strength, the defects found around the macula, added to the major atrophic component, may be a cause of a local relaxation that induce a central bulge forming the dome.
Validation of postnatal growth and retinopathy of prematurity (G‐ROP) criteria for retinopathy of prematurity in a Spanish tertiary care hospital with an advanced neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Picazo Carlos Cauto , Camps Isabel Pascual , Pérez Lorena Azorín , Ruiz Marta Solaz , García Laura Fernández , Martínez Ester Torres , Seller Amparo Ortiz , Palacios Inmaculada Almor , Hernández Ana Rodrigo , González Honorio Barranco , Gregori Enrique España 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: Validation of the new Postnatal Growth and Retinopathy of Prematurity (G‐ROP) criteria for screening of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a Spanish tertiary care hospital with an advanced neonatal intensive care unit.Methods: Retrospective cohort study that includes premature infants with current ROP screening criteria (less than or equal to 32 weeks of gestational age and/or less than or equal to 1500 g of birth weight) born between January 2017 and December 2021 in a tertiary care hospital with an advanced neonatal intensive care unit. The compliance with the G‐ROP criteria was assessed for each patient, including: gestational age <28 weeks, birth weight <1051 g, weight gain <120 g during 10–19 days postnatal age, <180 g during 20–29 days, <170 g during 30–39 days or hydrocephalus. The objective was to determine specificity, sensitivity and reduction of patients examined with these new criteria.Results: Of 483 patients included (203 female and 280 male), the new G‐ROP criteria predicted 100% of cases of type 1 ROP (treatment‐requiring ROP) (15 of 15 cases) (Sensitivity 100%, Specificity 37.68%). Applying these criteria, there would be a reduction of 34.36% (166 patients) in infants requiring examination.Conclusions: This study observes that the new G‐ROP screening criteria may suppose an increase of sensitivity and specificity with a reduction of the number of infants requiring screening. However, other studies with a larger population would be necessary to verify the results.
Comparative study of lipid profile influence on foveal avascular central zone
Authors: Aoun Safa Ben , Sassi Hela , Fekih Khawla , Nouri Slim , Mzoughi Khadija , Cheour Monia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: To evaluate the influence of lipid profile on foveal avascular central zone (ACZ) using Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (SS‐OCT A).Methods: A cross‐sectional, comparative study including 30 eyes of 15 volunteers with no history of ocular disease or surgery was conducted in the department of ophthalmology of Habib Thameur University Hospital, Tunis. SS‐OCT A imaging was performed using the DRI‐OCT Triton (Topcon, Japan). The macula was imaged using 3 × 3 mm scans, and superficial retinal OCT angiograms were extracted and analysed. Foveal ACZ was characterized by its perimeter, its area, its circularity, the aspect ratio (AR), the roundness index (Round), the solidity and the Feret's diameter (Feret). Patients with dyslipemia were compared to a control group using the Mann–Whitney U‐test and the degree of correlation between two variables was expressed as the Spearman's correlation coefficient.Results: Eleven males and four females were included in the study. Sixteen eyes of eight patients (53.3%) with dyslipemia were compared to fourteen eyes of 7 healthy controls (46.7%). Mean age was 53.33 ± 9.73 years. Mean total ACZ measurements were: Perimeter (2.63 ± 0.53), Area (3.98 ± 1.49), Circularity (7.07 ± 0.97), AR (1.23 ± 0.23), Round (8.32 ± 1.18), Solidity (8.86 ± 0.41) and Feret (6.53 ± 3.24). Comparative study revealed that ACZ area was higher in the dyslipemia group than in the control group (4.64 vs. 3.31, p = 0.02). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the other measurements of ACZ.Conclusions: Dyslipemia causes enlargement of the foveal avascular central zone without affecting its form. These results suggest that dyslipemia may affect foveal vascular structure potentially through chronic ischemia mechanisms.
Topical sevoflurane ocular toxicity: in vivo study
Authors: Encalada Denisse Michelle Espinosa , Cejudo Raquel Maroto , Valenciano Carlos Cava , Sango Mónica Gómez‐Juarez , Vidal Victoria Adámoli , Pretel Fernando Andrés 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: To determine sevoflurane (SF) ocular toxicity in an animal model and compare the results with the changes induced by common ocular substances: Povidone Iodine 5% (PI) and salt solution (SS).Methods: Twelve rats (24 eyes) and 3 rabbits (6 eyes) where included. Eyes were randomized, receiving a single 0,1 ml dose of SF, PI or SS. After instillation, eyes were evaluated using Draize test at different time frames. A histopathological (HP) study was also performed.Results: Keratitis was the only finding identified in the animals. In rats, it was observed in 16/24 eyes (8 in SS, 4 in SF and 4 in PI group). Only the keratitis observed after SS and PI instillation showed statistically significant differences, with a higher incidence in PI group (p = 0.012). Similar results were observed in rabbits: keratitis was present in 5/6 eyes (3 in SF and 2 in BSS group), but no significant differences were observed in any group at any time of study. The risk ratio (=1) did not show a higher risk of keratitis with any substance. In HP study, only mild inflammatory changes were observed.Conclusions: Topical administration of SF has shown to be safe for the eye surface of animal model.ReferencesRecent findings suggest sevoflurane role as an analgesic, antiseptic and wound‐healing agent. Nevertheless, previous to study these effects on the eye, it is necessary to perform and toxicological test. This is the first study performed in vivo to evaluate sevoflurane ocular toxicity.
The use of preservative‐free hydrocortisone in the postoperative treatment regimen after trans‐PRK
Authors: Sakellaris Dimitris , Panagiotis Garitsis , Zachos Zachariadis , Balidis Miltos 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this study was to exhibit the advantages of preservative‐free hydrocortisone in the postoperative treatment regimen of transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (Trans‐PRK) for the promotion of epithelization and minimalization of early haze appearance.Methods: In this prospective, randomized controlled study, 40 patients who had undergone trans‐PRK were divided into two equal groups, the first group received hydrocortisone (Softacort®, Laboratoires Thea) 2 drops 4 times daily for 7 days and the control group received no complementary medication. Both groups were given: artificial tears 2 drops hourly for 7 days, then administered every 2 h for 21 days and tapered till 3 months post‐operation, antibiotic drops (quinolone) 4 times daily and autologous serum hourly for 7 days, and a bandage contact lens till complete epithelization of the surgical wound. Patients were monitored daily to determine the time of a complete epithelization and then on day 15 and 30 to assess any signs of early‐onset haze and visual acuity. Scheimpflug topography and anterior segment OCT were performed on day 15 and 30 as well as IOP tonometry.Results: The results showed a significant decrease in recovery days in patients treated with hydrocortisone compared to the control group (p < 0.0006) which was associated with a higher rate of early‐onset haze. Both groups had satisfactory visual acuity and no significant differences in their IOP were observed.Conclusions: In conclusion, the use of hydrocortisone sodium phosphate drops (Softacort®) has been shown to be efficient in corneal epithelization and haze management and safe in patients after trans‐PRK.
Autofluorescence imaging for diagnosis and follow‐up of serpiginous choroiditis
Authors: Abellán Maria Victoria Navarro , Perea Juan Antonio Sánchez , Menargues Manuel Almarcha , López Carmen Miquel , Moreno Elisa Foulquié , Molina Celia Gómez , Garcia‐Medina Jose Javier 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: To report by multimodality imaging the follow‐up of a patient with posterior uveitis presenting serpiginous choroiditis (SC). To highlight the importance of autofluorescence in the follow‐up of patients with atrophic scarring due to CS.Methods: We present an observational case of SC documented photographically. Clinical data were gathered retrospectively from several visits. The data included corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and autofluorescence (AF).Results: Periodic revision of a 49‐year‐old female being followed up for SC secondary to tuberculosis. Mantoux test was positive in 2010 and she was treated correctly. Twelve years later, BCVA was hand movements in the right eye and in the left eye 20/40. Fundus examination revealed no presence of vitritis and atrophic scars post choroiditis serpiginosa. OCT displayed disruption of outer retinal layers. AF revealed atrophy plaque with a new diffuse hypoautofluorescence halo surrounding hyperautofluorescent rim. Aqueous humour and vitreous sample results were negatives. Finally, the lesion was diagnosed as a serpiginous choroiditis. She was treated with corticosteroid and biological therapy to improve her visual acuity. It should suggest a reactivation of SC the appearance of a new atrophy plaque with ill‐defined creamy rim, early block and diffuse oozing at late times, choroidal hypoperfusion, diffuse hypoautofluorescence halo surrounding hyperautofluorescent rim and disruption of outer retinal layers with ellipsoid loss.Conclusions: A differential diagnosis should be made between SC and posterior uveitis secondary to tuberculosis. Multimodal imaging by autofluorescence is important for the diagnosis and follow‐up of patients with atrophic scarring due to SC. Differential diagnosis of cause posterior uveitis is essential for the monitoring and treatment. In inflammatory diseases always rule out infection prior to corticosteroid treatment or biological therapy.
Surgical management of exotropia‐hypotropia complex in high myopia
Authors: deRivas Marta Orejudo , Rivasés Guillermo Pérez , Moscarda Eva Núñez , Arias Pablo Cisneros , el Bakkali Ismael Bakkali , Claveria Julia Aramburu , Martinez Marta Suñer , Fernandez Miguel Castillo , García Diana Pérez 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: We present an atypical clinical case of high myopia associated with divergent and vertical strabismus in the left eye (LE).Methods: A 50‐year‐old woman with a history of high myopia and deep amblyopia in the left eye (LE) referred to our center for surgical evaluation of LE exotropia. The clinical examination shows visual acuity (VA) of 10/10 in the right eye (RE) and light perception (LP) in LE. The Cover Test found an exotropia and hypotropia of the LE. In the funduscopic exam of the LE an advanced myopic choroiditis can be seen. Biometry shows an axial length (AL) of 25.10 mm in the RE and 32.25 mm in the LE. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is performed where no pathological findings are evident. It was decided to intervene on the patient with divergent and vertical strabismus of the LE. Under general anaesthesia, a 7 mm shortening of the medial rectus muscle is performed with superior displacement of the insertion. In addition, a 9 mm retroinsertion of the lateral rectus muscle of the LE is performed with plication of the muscle to its anatomical position.Results: After surgery, the patient presented orthotropia without rectification.Conclusions: Exotropia‐hypotropia complex can be related with high myopia. The combination of resection and displacement of the insertion of the medial rectus together with recession and plication of the lateral rectus to its anatomical position was found to be effective in correcting the ocular deviation.References1. Monga S, Kekunnaya R, Sachdeva V. Exotropia‐hypotropia complex in high myopia. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2013;50(6):340–6. doi: 10.3928/01913913‐20 131 125‐01. PMID: 24669372.2. Ganesh SC DO DNB, Jayadev NA MS, Oguego N M Ophthal, Narendran K DO DNB, Rao SG MS. Nasal loop myopexy as a primary procedure to correct exotropia hypotropia complex in high myopia. Strabismus. 2019 Dec;27(4):223–229. doi: 10.1080/09273972.2019.1676794. Epub 2019 Oct 15. PMID: 31612771.
Content identification for the multifocal contact lens patient‐reported outcomes (MCL‐PRO) instrument item bank
Authors: Ros Elsa Albero , Lorente‐Velázquez Amalia , Gonzalez‐Perez Mariano 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: Patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) have become remarkably important in the optometric field and now, are essential for healthcare clinical trial end points. However, being presbyopia an important topic in this field and multifocal contact lenses an increasingly popular method for its correction, no comprehensive, patient‐relevant, and precise multifocal contact lens specific PRO is available. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify content for the new Multifocal Contact Lens Patient‐reported Outcomes (MCL‐PRO) item bank.Methods: Four phases were conducted to identify the content: (1) Qualitative review of the literature and existing PRO optometric instruments; (2) Focus groups with presbyopic patients and optometric experts; (3) Review of social media on the subject; (4) Classification and selection of items.Results: A total of 305 unique items (extant items from PRO instruments and literature review, 53; patient focus group 192; experts focus group 47; social media review 9) were identified. The items were classified in 9 domains: Activity limitation (34 items); Visual symptoms (99 items); General symptoms (7 items); Ocular surface symptoms (48 items); Convenience (45 items); Emotional well‐being (40 items); Economic issues (10 items); Social issues (12 items); Cognitive issues (6 items).Conclusions: After a rigorous systematic identification of the content of topics important to the presbyopic population, 9 main domains were found. Most of the selected elements were identified from patient focus groups in the hope of getting as close as possible to the evaluation from the patient's point of view.
Succesful systemic treatment of monoclonal gammopathy with corneal significance (MGCS) ‐ a case report
Authors: Kormányos Kitti , Németh Orsolya , Langenbucher Achim , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Varga Gergely , Gopcsa László , Mikala Gábor , Szentmáry Nóra 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: The most common ocular symptom of monoclonal gammopathy is the appearance of paraproteinaemic keratopathy. Our goal is to present a case with successful haematological treatment of monoclonal gammopathy with corneal significance (MGCS).Methods: Our 50 years‐old female patient had increasing predescemetal corneal opacification. Serum electrophoresis verified monoclonal gammopathy and no other organ involvement (MGCS). Following penetrating keratoplasty of the right eye, histological examination verified predescemetal kappa‐chains and confirmed our clinical diagnosis. Ten months after surgery, grey‐white corneal stromal opacities appeared again in the transplanted corneal tissue. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) verified 12 spindle‐like corneal stromal opacities in the right and 13 in the left side, per micrograph. As the size of the corneal opacities increased and visual acuity decreased on both eyes, a haematological treatment has been initiated.Results: Following 4 cycles of plasma‐cell directed bortezomib and dexamethasone treatment (1.3 mg/m2 bortezomib subcutaneously and 20 mg dexamethasone orally) most of the corneal opacities disappeared or decreased in size and best corrected visual acuity increased on both eyes. Following treatment, we could only verify 2 spindle‐like opacities in the right and 5 in the left corneal stroma per micrograph, using IVCM.Conclusion: In monoclonal gammopathy with corneal significance, bortezomib‐dexamethasone treatment may successfully decrease or diminish paraproteinaemic keratopathy/MGOS. Corneal stromal changes must be further analysed to obtain better insight into their pathophysiology and in corneal symptoms of monoclonal gammopathy.Keywords: monoclonal gammopathy, MGOS.
Intraocular pressure changes at high altitude
Authors: Mayhook‐Walker India , Westwood Jessica , Simpkins Ciaran , Normando Eduardo , Morris Daniel , Darby‐Smith Andrew 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: The effect of altitude on Intraocular Pressure has been debated for decades. The literature is unclear, encompassing exertional and non‐exertional ascents, as well as simulated ascents, with most finding a decrease in IOP, but some finding no change or an increase. Additionally, several papers have previously corrected IOP for Central Corneal Thickness, further confounding efforts to draw conclusions from the literature. The Imperial Remote Medicine BSc's Morocco expedition aimed to assess changes in IOP and CCT during an exertional winter ascent of Mount Toubkal (4167 m) which to our knowledge is the first exertional study conducted partially in sub‐zero temperatures.Methods: IOP, CCT, clinical parameters and Lake Louise Score (LLS) were recorded daily in 9 participants before, 1 month after and during the expedition. Participants flew into Marrakesh, ascended to Imlil (1886 m) by car, and ascended from there on foot, stayed at the Nelter refuge for 3 nights (3037 m). All measurements were taken in the evening. IOP was measured using an iCare ic200 tonometer. Total IOP and CCT per participant per day was used to assess more fully the overall change in IOP and CCT across the expedition. Differences between eyes were also assessed.Results: No significant change in IOP was seen. CCT increased significantly at altitude. IOP was significantly positively correlated with LLS and headache, and significantly negatively correlated with SpO2. In line with current clinical practice, IOP was not adjusted for CCT. There was no difference in IOP or CCT between contact users and non‐contact users.Conclusions: The increase in CCT is in line with the existing literature. The lack of significant change in IOP has precedence, and we propose that it is the interplay of physiological changes at altitude, alongside other factors such as exertion and temperature that alter IOP rather than IOP changes simply being a function of altitude.