bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do linguistically diverse migrants dominate advanced mathematics? Comparing Greater Sydney with the rest of New South Wales
Authors: Sikora Joanna , Roberts Philip 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study uses ethnic capital theory to explore access to secondary mathematics education among linguistically diverse (LD) migrants in metropolitan and regional New South Wales, Australia. Administrative data from over 50,000 students who completed their Higher School Certificate in 2017 were analysed using multilevel logit regressions and marginal effects. The results indicate that, in Greater Sydney, all linguistically diverse first-generation youth took mathematics courses at higher rates than their peers. So did second-generation migrants from Asian backgrounds. Furthermore, considerably larger proportions of students who spoke East Asian, Indo-Aryan, or Arabic languages studied advanced mathematics. Even when only parents spoke these languages at home, their Australian-born children took advanced mathematics more often. Yet, these second-generation students were less overrepresented than those fluent in parental languages. The paper discusses the potential consequences of LD migrant concentration in Greater Sydney, stressing the importance of equitable mathematics education in metropolitan and regional areas.
Adaptive nonlinear optimization of district heating networks based on model and discretization catalogs
Authors: Dänschel Hannes , Mehrmann Volker , Roland Marius , Schmidt Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe propose an adaptive optimization algorithm for operating district heating networks in a stationary regime. The behavior of hot water flow in the pipe network is modeled using the incompressible Euler equations and a suitably chosen energy equation. By applying different simplifications to these equations, we derive a catalog of models. Our algorithm is based on this catalog and adaptively controls where in the network which model is used. Moreover, the granularity of the applied discretization is controlled in a similar adaptive manner. By doing so, we are able to obtain optimal solutions at low computational costs that satisfy a prescribed tolerance w.r.t. the most accurate modeling level. To adaptively control the switching between different levels and the adaptation of the discretization grids, we derive error measure formulas and a posteriori error measure estimators. Under reasonable assumptions we prove that the adaptive algorithm terminates after finitely many iterations. Our numerical results show that the algorithm is able to produce solutions for problem instances that have not been solvable before.
Negative imaginary feedback control of satellite orbit dynamical model
Authors: Choudhary Santosh Kumar , Chokkadi Shreesha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article presents observer-based negative imaginary positive feedback control of satellite orbit dynamical model. In this article, satellite orbital model is transformed into a strongly strict negative imaginary system using observer-based transformation scheme, and then, negative imaginary control theory is applied to achieve stability and robustness in orbit control system in the presence of multiplicative uncertainty. The solutions of orbit control problem are investigated with two thrusters input as well as one thruster input. According to the numerical simulation findings reported in this study, the investigated control approach guarantees the robust stabilization of the satellite orbital system.
A Review on Providing Realistic Electric Grid Simulations for Academia and Industry
Authors: Birchfield Adam B. , Overbye Thomas J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Engineering analysis and design for large-scale electric power grids require advanced modeling and simulation capabilities for a variety of studies, with two of the key study types being steady-state power flow and time-domain stability. In order to promote innovation in this area, during a time of rapid change, much recent work has been done on enhancing the availability of grid models and simulation datasets for the benefit of both academia and industry. The purpose of this paper is to review these new developments.

Recent Findings
Over the last several years, there have been many different developments in electric grid power flow and stability analysis. In power flow, key new changes include (1) the inclusion of geographic coordinates, (2) the addition of geomagnetic disturbance analysis, (3) the direct inclusion of weather data, and (4) new optimal power flow (OPF) and security-constrained OPF algorithms, some of which utilize machine learning. Key developments in stability are (1) many new models particularly for inverter-based resources, (2) wider availability of interactive stability simulations, and (3) greater use of wide-area visualization in both power flow and stability.

Summary
The paper shows the range of software platforms available for large-scale electric grid for power flow and stability simulations, along with associated data formats. It also considers modeling enhancements, including the ability to capture more detailed dynamics and coupling to inter-related infrastructure. The paper also summarizes the availability of test case datasets, both real and synthetic.
Assessing Food Access, Exercise, and Dietary History among Older African American Parishioners During the COVID-19 Pandemic (C-FED Study): Design, Opportunities, Challenges, and Lessons Learned
Authors: Kibe Lucy W. , Bosah Adaobi , Schrode Katrina M. , Kuo Yufu , Shaheen Magda , Adinkra Edward , Sanchez Humberto , Bazargan Mohsen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Unhealthy diets and inadequate exercise are associated with chronic health conditions and excess mortality. Older African Americans do not meet dietary and exercise guidelines, and this may have worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic due to individual and environmental factors, including food insecurity. Studies evaluating these dynamics are essential for developing interventions. This narrative details a study protocol and data collection experiences during the pandemic.

Methods
Participants > 55 years African American old completed detailed food frequency, exercise, and food access questionnaires between October 2020 and July 2021. Observations of the study administrators (authors of this manuscript) for the duration of the study are presented. Details on the study design and reflections on the opportunities, challenges, and lessons learned are summarized. Future manuscripts will report data analysis of study findings.

Results
A total of 123 older African American adults participated in the study, and 118 (70% female) completed all three questionnaires. More than 50% of the participants had at least two primary chronic conditions. About 85% were fully vaccinated against COVID-19. Applying community-based participatory approaches, leveraging partnerships, and exercising flexibility approaches were pivotal to successfully implementing the study protocol.

Conclusions
Despite challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic, detailed data on older African American adults’ diet and exercise habits were obtained. Our study design and experiences will benefit future researchers. More importantly, results from our study will inform interventions and policies aimed at minimizing consequences associated with poor diet and exercise habits during the pandemic among this vulnerable population.
Patient Preferences and Osteoarthritis Care: What Do We Know About What Patients Want from Osteoarthritis Treatment?
Authors: Nicolson Philippa J A , Holden Melanie A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose of review
Patient-centred care for people with osteoarthritis requires shared decision making. Understanding and considering patients’ preferences for osteoarthritis treatments is central to this. In this narrative review, we present an overview of existing research exploring patient preferences for osteoarthritis care, discuss clinical and research implications of existing knowledge and future research directions.

Recent findings
Stated preference studies have identified that patients place more importance on reducing or eliminating negative side effects rather than reducing pain, other clinical benefits or cost. Patients’ treatment preferences are influenced by characteristics such as age, symptom severity and beliefs about their osteoarthritis. Preferences appear to be largely stable over time and are not easily altered by single-point interventions.

Summary
Research exploring patient preferences for osteoarthritis treatments has increased in recent years. Treatment preferences appear to be primarily driven by patients’ wish to avoid adverse side effects and by symptom severity. Individualised, evidence-based information about potential treatments, delivered over the course of disease, is required.
Homotopy types of $${{\textrm{Spin}}}^{{\textrm{c}}}(n)$$-gauge groups over $$S^4$$
Authors: Rea Simon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe gauge group of a principal G-bundle P over a space X is the group of G-equivariant homeomorphisms of P that cover the identity on X. We consider the gauge groups of bundles over $$S^4$$

S
4

with $${{\textrm{Spin}}}^{{\textrm{c}}}(n)$$

Spin

c

(
n
)

, the complex spin group, as structure group and show how the study of their homotopy types reduces to that of $${{\textrm{Spin}}}(n)$$

Spin
(
n
)

-gauge groups over $$S^4$$

S
4

. We then advance on what is known by providing a partial classification for $${{\textrm{Spin}}}(7)$$

Spin
(
7
)

- and $${{\textrm{Spin}}}(8)$$

Spin
(
8
)

-gauge groups over $$S^4$$

S
4

.
Detection of homophobia and transphobia in YouTube comments
Authors: Chakravarthi Bharathi Raja 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsers of online platforms have negative effects on their mental health as a direct result of the spread of abusive content across social media networks. Homophobia are terms that refer to the fear, hatred, discomfort, or suspicion of or toward those who identify as homosexual or bisexual. Transphobia is fear, hatred, discomfort toward those who are transgenders. Homophobia/transphobia speechs are a sort of offensive language that can be summed up as hate speech directed toward LGBTQ+ persons, and it has become an increasing concern in recent years. The homophobia and transphobia found online are a serious societal issue that can make online platforms toxic and unwelcoming to LGBTQ+ individuals and hinder the eradication of equality, diversity, and inclusion. We present a new dataset for online homophobia and transphobia detection that has been annotated by experts, which will enable homophobic and transphobic content to be automatically recognized. The dataset includes 15,141 annotated comments written in English, Tamil, and both Tamil and English. Additionally, we provide the outcomes of our benchmark system in a variety of machine learning models. For the purpose of developing benchmark systems, we conducted a number of experiments utilizing a variety of cutting-edge machine and deep learning models. Furthermore, we discuss our shared task conducted at LTEDI-ACL 2022 workshop to improve the research in homophobia and transphobia detection. It garnered 10 systems for the Tamil language, 13 systems for the English language, and 11 systems for the combination of Tamil and English languages. The best systems for Tamil, English, and Tamil–English each received an average macro F1 score of 0.570, 0.870, and 0.610, respectively.
Die Beckenbodenschwäche der Frau – klinische Bilder und Therapie
Authors: Adam Paul , Burkhard Fiona , Kuhn Annette 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungFrauen sind im Allgemeinen bis zu 4‑mal häufiger von Beckenbodendysfunktionen betroffen als Männer. Der Beckenboden ist während des Lebens der Frau grossen Belastungen wie Schwangerschaften, Geburten und hormonellen Veränderungen ausgesetzt und wird zusätzlich durch Adipositas, höheres Lebensalter und chronische Lungenerkrankungen beeinflusst. Das Diaphragma pelvis ist ein komplexes Konstrukt aus Muskeln und Bindegewebe, welches eine Vielzahl an Funktionen übernimmt: Haltefunktion der Becken- sowie Bauchorgane, Kontinenz sowie Sexualfunktion. Bei einer Beckenbodenschwäche können eine oder mehrere dieser Funktionen beeinträchtigt sein und zu dem klinischen Bild einer Urininkontinenz, Stuhlinkontinenz und/oder Descensus genitalis führen.Eine umfassende Anamnese mit Gewichtung der Symptome sowie eine detaillierte klinische Untersuchung sind wegweisend für die weitere Therapie. An erster Linie stehen meist Lebensstiländerungen und Beckenbodentraining. Bevor eine operative Therapie anvisiert wird, gibt es eine Vielfalt an medikamentösen Therapien zur Verbesserung der Beschwerden und Steigerung der meist initial deutlich eingeschränkten Lebensqualität. Verschiedenartige operative Massnahmen (vaginal, laparoskopisch, offen) stehen im Anschluss an die konservative Therapie zur Verfügung und zeigen meist auch bei minimal-invasiven Operationen eine deutliche Besserung der Beschwerden.Ziel dieses Artikels ist, eine Übersicht über die klinischen Bilder, Diagnostik und anschliessende Therapie zu vermitteln.
Real-Time Optimal Trajectory Planning for Autonomous Driving with Collision Avoidance Using Convex Optimization
Authors: Li Guoqiang , Zhang Xudong , Guo Hongliang , Lenzo Basilio , Guo Ningyuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn online trajectory planning method for collision avoidance is proposed to improve vehicle driving safety and comfort simultaneously. The collision-free trajectory for autonomous driving is formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem. A novel approximate convex optimization approach is developed for the online optimal trajectory in both longitudinal and lateral directions. First, a dual variable is used to model the non-convex collision-free constraint for driving safety and is calculated by solving a dual problem of the relative distance between vehicles. Second, the trajectory is further optimized in a model predictive control framework considering the safety. It realizes continuous-time and dynamic feasible motion with collision avoidance. The geometry of object vehicles is described by polygons instead of circles or ellipses in traditional methods. In order to avoid aggressive maneuver in the longitudinal and lateral directions for driving comfort, rates of the acceleration and the steering angle are restricted. The final formulated optimization problem is convex, which can be solved by using quadratic programming solvers and is computationally efficient for online application. Simulation results show that this approach can obtain similar driving performance compared to a state-of-the-art nonlinear optimization method. Furthermore, various driving scenarios are tested to evaluate the robustness and the ability for handling complex driving tasks.
Ecology and behavioral patterns of Luciola cruciate in a restored forest in a chemical plant
Authors: Sano Kazuhiko , Yokoyama Tadashi , Kato Jinichiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEfforts to restore firefly populations are ongoing; these populations have been declining due to the development of cities and industries. The first step in restoration is the development of a breeding system that can accommodate approximately 5000 hatched larvae of Luciola cruciate, an aquatic firefly species, until they reach the last instar larval stage. The bred larvae are released into a river in a restored forest in a chemical plant, where they can breed naturally. Firefly-viewing events are organized so that people can experience the pleasure of watching fireflies. Such events can be successful if the peak flight season of fireflies can be predicted accurately. There is scope to improve the methods used for flight season prediction, which have impaired prediction accuracy owing to the variability of regional characteristics. In this study, data on fireflies and meteorological data accumulated for the restored forest over 11 years were analyzed and the peak flight days of L. cruciate adults and climbing by L. cruciate larvae were discussed. The new regression equation-based method proposed in this study, which used the breeding temperature and minimum humidity, can estimate the peak flight date of adult fireflies better than the conventional method based on the effective cumulative temperature. As part of the ecology of fireflies, statistical analysis on climbing by larvae revealed that minimum air temperature and cumulative precipitation were significant predictors of climbing and that climbing occurred on a rainy night with a minimum air temperature of ≥ 10 °C.
Best Theory Diagrams for Laminated Composite Shells Based on Failure Indexes
Authors: Petrolo M. , Iannotti P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a novel approach to developing 2D structural theories for composite shells. The proposed approach uses the capabilities of the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF) in conjunction with the Axiomatic/Asymptotic Method (AAM) to obtain the best theories for given structural layouts. Different structural cases are considered to analyze the influence of factors such as boundary conditions, lamination, and thickness on the accuracy of a model. The parameter chosen to evaluate a model’s performance is based on the Failure Indexes (FI) defined by the Hashin Failure criteria for unidirectional fiber composites. The outcome of this procedure is the Best Theory Diagram (BTD), containing the graphical representation of the highest accuracy as a function of the number of adopted unknowns. The results show the importance of higher-order terms to capture stress fields and the influence of thickness on the definition of the best theories.
Global Trends in the Study of Smart Healthcare Systems for the Elderly: Artificial Intelligence Solutions
Authors: Zhu Yi , Yang Qian , Mao Xinfa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSmart healthcare systems have received increasing attention in recent years; however, a bibliometric analysis of the research on smart healthcare systems for the elderly is lacking. This study aimed to identify scientific results and emerging themes related to smart healthcare systems for older adults. Articles and reviews related to smart healthcare systems for older adults, published between 2013 and 2022, were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database using a keyword search. Data collected included the number of publications per year, country/region, institution, author, journal, reference, citation frequency, and keywords. Bibliometric analysis and visualization were performed using the scientometric software VOSviewer and CiteSpace, as well as the bibliometric online analysis platform. In total, 486 articles were retrieved. The number of papers in the field of smart healthcare systems research for older adults has increased every year since 2013. China and the US led in both the number of papers published and total citations. King Saud University was the most prolific institution, while Deen published the highest number of articles and had the highest number of citations. Papers related to smart healthcare systems for the elderly were mainly published in Sensors, IEEE Access, and Applied Sciences-Basel journals. The keyword co-occurrence analysis showed that keywords related to ‘smart home’ appeared most frequently. The top ten common keywords were system, health, smart home, smart homes, Internet of Things, care, older adults, technology, healthcare, and people. The most recent keyword to gather attention was ‘artificial intelligence’. The research on smart healthcare systems for the elderly continues to increase steadily. China and the US maintain a leading position in the world, and institutions such as King Saud University have contributed significantly to the field of smart healthcare for older people. The smart home is the current research hotspot in the field of smart healthcare for older people, and artificial intelligence is likely to be the focus of research in the coming years. There is a need for greater collaboration between countries and institutions to help older people benefit from smart healthcare.
Gender, Institutional Inequality, and Institutional Diversity in Archaeology Articles in Major Journals and Sapiens
Authors: Hutson Scott R. , Johnson James , Price Sophia , Record Dorian , Rodriguez Marcus , Snow Taylor , Stocking Tera 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStudies in the sociopolitics of archaeology have shown patterns of inequality in publishing. Because this inequality affects the richness of perspectives on the past, the extent of unevenness requires continual documentation. This article explores gendered and institutionally based patterns of authorship in prominent archaeology journals, archaeology papers in general science journals, and Sapiens, a public-facing web magazine, from 2016 to 2021. We find that the representation of women is similar across these two types of journals, for authors both in the United States and abroad. Men still publish significantly more than women though the gap is narrowing due to the publication activity of recent PhDs. Using a large database of PhDs as a baseline for comparison, we find that women publish less in these venues than expected, resulting in an imbalance. Some archaeology programs have a larger presence in journal publishing than others, but this imbalance is not as pervasive as what has been observed in hiring practices. Archaeology journals exhibit healthier measures of diversity, compared to Science, in terms of the institutional affiliation of authors.
Evaluating environmental behaviour and commitment of pre-service primary science teachers
Authors: Abramovich Anat , Miedijensky Shirley 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEducation for Sustainability (EfS) is crucial for changes in environmental behaviour (EB), and little is known about the EB of primary school teachers tasked with teaching EfS. This study sought to better understand the EB of pre-service primary science teachers. EB was qualitatively evaluated, characterising teachers’ personal environmental activism and commitment to implement EfS among pupils and their families. Data was collected via two open questionnaires based on the Johari Window (JW) and the Authentic Inner Compass (AIC) models. Both questionnaires referred to EB twice: after exposure to the JW model and via statements from the AIC model, and again after 3 months. Findings show that the JW can reveal EB, while the AIC allowed participants to enrich their descriptions of their values, needs and commitment to EB. All participants agreed it was their duty to address EfS in class, but less than half mentioned this when describing actual behaviour. This study enables in-depth understanding of participants’ EB, including their actions, barriers and concerns, which might precede planning programmes on EfS implementation. As tomorrow educators, PSTs should be the focus of such programmes, which should be part of teacher education curricula.
Inquiring Attitudes and Erotetic Logic: Norms of Restriction and Expansion
Authors: WHITCOMB DENNIS , MILLSON JARED 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA fascinating recent turn in epistemology focuses on inquiring attitudes like wondering and being curious. Many have argued that these attitudes are governed by norms similar to those that govern our doxastic attitudes. Yet, to date, this work has only considered norms that might prohibit having certain inquiring attitudes (“norms of restriction”), while ignoring those that might require having them (“norms of expansion”). We aim to address that omission by offering a framework that generates norms of expansion for inquiring attitudes. The framework draws on inferential erotetic logic, which we explain and augment with some theorems. We explore several of the norms that it yields—some sympathetically, others unsympathetically.