bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DABCO Mediated Sulfur Activation‐Intramolecular De‐Nitration Strategy for the Synthesis of Novel Dihydrothiochromeno[4,3‐c]pyrazoles
Authors: Deepika  , Paul Avijit K. , Malakar Chandi C. , Bansal Ajay , Singh Virender 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA facile and highly efficient metal‐free approach has been unfolded for the synthesis of novel dihydrothiochromeno[4,3‐c]pyrazoles using elemental sulfur as a powerful sulfurating reagent. This method includes sp2 C−H functionalization followed by sp2 C−NO2 group displacement using elemental sulfur as an odourless sulfur source activated by DABCO in DMSO. Using the developed synthetic strategy, a library of 29 novel dihydrothiochromeno[4,3‐c]pyrazoles, incorporating two pharmacologically important scaffolds has been synthesized in 52–76% yield with a broad substrate scope. A sensible mechanistic proposal has been projected based on control experiments.
Effect of low‐temperature plasma modified pyrolysis carbon black on the properties of rubber composites prepared by wet process
Authors: Zhou Yukun , Zhang Jinshuo , Chen Yihui , Zheng Yihang , Qiu Jian , Bian Huiguang , Li Li , Tian Xiaolong , Wang Chuansheng , Li Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPyrolysis carbon black is the pyrolysis product of waste tires. The high‐value utilization of pyrolysis carbon black can reduce black pollution of the environment, achieve sustainable development, and solve the problem of energy supply and consumption in the world. This paper mainly studies the modification and excitation of low‐temperature plasma on pyrolysis carbon black. It proposes a micro flocculation wet process (DMLI process) for preparing master rubber by wet mixing. Combined with DMLI process, the vulcanization performance, physical and mechanical properties, Payne effect, and dynamic mechanical properties were also analyzed and characterized. The results showed that the properties of the rubber compound prepared by low‐temperature plasma modification of pyrolytic carbon black were significantly improved. The modified pyrolytic carbon black had the characteristics of less ash, higher activity, and stronger affinity with rubber, and the wettability was significantly improved. In wet mixing, the new DMLI process can effectively improve the degree of combination and dispersion of carbon black and natural rubber latex. Therefore, the modified pyrolytic carbon black can completely replace the industrial carbon black N330, thereby preparing high‐performance rubber composites, realizing the high‐value utilization of pyrolytic carbon black and sustainable green development.
Impact of cryogenic treatment on mechanical and electro active actuation properties of soft polymers
Authors: Mallick Partha Sarathi , Patra Karali 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe goal of this study is to investigate the change in stretchability property of soft polymers before and after cryogenic treatment. To achieve this, the influences of cryogenic treatment on the rate dependent tensile properties, hysteresis behavior, and stress‐relaxation of soft polymers are extensively analyzed. Results indicated that the effects of cryogenic treatment for both VHB and Ecoflex samples on mechanical responses were more prominent at low strain rate. It was also observed that VHB polymer could exhibit more strain rate sensitivity than Ecoflex sample after cryogenic treatment. For stress relaxation test, both cryo‐treated polymer samples were found to yield less overall stress and takes longer time to reach equilibrium stress in comparison to untreated polymer. Extensive experimental findings showed that the amount of energy dissipated while cooling below glass transition temperature (Tg), causes stress softening with lowering of viscoelastic property. On the other hand, there is a good enhancement of the electro‐active actuation strain for the cryo‐treated VHB 4910 and Ecoflex specimens. The results of this work could be used as a helpful guide for applying cryogenic treatment to improve electro‐mechanical properties of soft polymers, as the theory underlying this treatment has not been well explored
The 2022 EULAR/ACR Points to Consider at the Early Stages of Diagnosis and Management of Suspected Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis/Macrophage Activation Syndrome (HLH/MAS)
Authors: Shakoory Bita , Geerlinks Ashley , Wilejto Marta , Kernan Kate , Hines Melissa , Romano Micol , Piskin David , Ravelli Angelo , Sinha Rashmi , Aletaha Daniel , Allen Carl , Bassiri Hamid , Behrens Edward M. , Carcillo Joseph , Carl Linda , Chatham Winn , Cohen Jeffrey I. , Cron Randy Q. , Drewniak Erik , Grom Alexei A. , Henderson Lauren A. , Horne Annacarin , Jordan Michael B. , Nichols Kim E. , Schulert Grant , Vastert Sebastiaan , Demirkaya Erkan , Goldbach‐Mansky Raphaela , de Benedetti Fabrizio , Marsh Rebecca A. , Canna Scott W. 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveHaemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) are life‐threatening systemic hyperinflammatory syndromes that can develop in most inflammatory contexts. They can progress rapidly, and early identification and management are critical for preventing organ failure and mortality. This effort aimed to develop evidence‐based and consensus‐based points to consider to assist clinicians in optimising decision‐making in the early stages of diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of HLH/MAS.MethodsA multinational, multidisciplinary task force of physician experts, including adult and paediatric rheumatologists, haematologist/oncologists, immunologists, infectious disease specialists, intensivists, allied healthcare professionals and patients/parents, formulated relevant research questions and conducted a systematic literature review (SLR). Delphi methodology, informed by SLR results and questionnaires of experts, was used to generate statements aimed at assisting early decision‐making and optimising the initial care of patients with HLH/MAS.ResultsThe task force developed 6 overarching statements and 24 specific points to consider relevant to early recognition of HLH/MAS, diagnostic approaches, initial management and monitoring of HLH/MAS. Major themes included the simultaneous need for prompt syndrome recognition, systematic evaluation of underlying contributors, early intervention targeting both hyperinflammation and likely contributors, careful monitoring for progression/complications and expert multidisciplinary assistance.ConclusionThese 2022 EULAR/American College of Rheumatology points to consider provide up‐to‐date guidance, based on the best available published data and expert opinion. They are meant to help guide the initial evaluation, management and monitoring of patients with HLH/MAS in order to halt disease progression and prevent life‐threatening immunopathology.
Exploring the potential environmental impact of the recently established African continental free trade agreement on ECOWAS members' nations
Authors: Ibrahim Abubakar Sadiq , Wang Lanhui , Cudjoe Dan , KofarNaisa Farouk Umar , Ibrahim Abdul , Ibrahim Musa Saleh , Buba Zakariiyau 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research aims to comprehensively analyze the potential environmental impact of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) in Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) countries. To achieve this, a two‐model approach is employed, consisting of a fixed and random effects model covering the period of 1990 to 2021 and a difference‐in‐differences (DID) model focusing on the period of 2014 to 2021. The fixed and random effects model provides insights into long‐term trends and country‐specific effects, while the DID model assesses short‐term changes and estimates causal relationship effects of the AfCFTA by comparing changes in environmental indicators before and after the AfCFTA establishment. Our conclusion is based on the random effect, which was determined to be more appropriate following the Hausman diagnostic test and the DID results. The random effect model results show that GDP increases environmental degradation, whereas GDP squared improves environmental quality. Trade openness and energy consumption improve the region's environmental quality, while foreign direct investment inflows damage the environment. The DID results indicate that the treatment variable (establishment of AfCFTA) has the potential of worsening the environment while the control variable (ECOWAS member) has the potential of improving environmental quality. The interaction variable (treatment × control) enhances environmental quality. The study suggests that the trade agreement has the potential to contribute to sustainable development and environmental protection. Policymakers should seize this opportunity by implementing environmental safeguards, promoting sustainable trade practices, fostering regional collaboration, and ensuring effective monitoring and evaluation mechanisms.
Virtual campus environments: A comparison between interactive H5P and traditional online activities in master teaching
Authors: Gil‐García Isabel C. , Fernández‐Guillamón Ana , García‐Cascales M. Socorro , Molina‐García Ángel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTraditional face‐to‐face learning and teaching methodologies are currently being replaced or combined by virtual and digital campuses. In fact, a variety of online activities are available for virtual classrooms, becoming more interactive and creative teaching strategies. Among them, H5P is a free and open source platform that allows the creation of interactive content to be embedded in virtual campuses. This paper presents a comparison between traditional online and interactive H5P activities. The case study was carried out on the Wind Energy subject, within the MSc in Renewable Energies, assessing the impact on students and teachers through different indicators. The mean score of students who participated in the traditional online activity was 7.4/10, slightly lower than that of students who participated in the interactive H5P activity, which was 8.4/10. Actually, the statistical analysis showed that the proposed interactive H5P activity did not present a significant improvement on the average grade, in comparison to the traditional online activity. In terms of the students' perception, 75% found the interactive H5P activity easy to do, and 55% felt more motivated compared to traditional online activities. Moreover, teachers pointed out that the activity positively influenced students in terms of participation and motivation. These results confirm that the digital environment is here to stay, combined with other activities to fulfill all the skills and competences to be achieved.
Combination of UHPLC‐Q Exactive‐Orbitrap MS, Bioinformatics and Molecular Docking to Reveal the Mechanism of Huan‐Lian‐Jie‐Du Decoction in the Treatment of Diabetic Encephalopathy
Authors: Cao Dong‐min , Liang Qing‐feng , Zhang Zhi‐tong , He Wen‐jiao , Tang Dan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDiabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a serious complication of diabetes, which affects patients′ quality of life. We aimed to explore HLJDD in the treatment of DE by LC/MS and bioinformatics. UPLC‐Q Exactive‐Orbitrap MS was employed to clarify the compounds. The modules and hub targets of DE were gained from WGCNA. Subsequently, an Herb‐Compound‐Target network was constructed and enrichment analysis was used. In addition, a protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and molecular docking was used to verify the above analysis. As result, 138 compounds and 10 prototypes in brain were identified. In network pharmacology, 8 modules and 5692 hub targets were obtained from WGCNA. An Herb‐Compound‐Target network was constructed by 4 herbs, 10 compounds and 56 targets. The enrichment analysis showed that the treatment of DE with HLJDD involve oxidative stress and neuroprotection. Beside, SRC, JUN, STAT3, MAPK1 and PIK3R1 were identified and as hub targets of HLJDD in treating DE. Moreover, Molecular docking showed that five hub targets had strong affinity with the corresponding alkaloids. Therefore, we explored the underlying mechanisms of HLJDD in the treatment of DE and to provide the theoretical and scientific basis for subsequent experimental studies and clinical applications.
Species Differentiation and Quality Evaluation for Atractylodes Medicinal Plants by GC/MS Coupled with Chemometric Analysis
Authors: Ma Zicheng , Liu Guoqiang , Yang Zijie , Zhang Guoqin , Sun Lili , Wang Meng , Ren Xiaoliang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe utilization of rhizomes from the genus Atractylodes has been challenging due to their closely related origins. In this study, we developed an analytical strategy to differentiate Atractylodes lancea (A. lancea), Atractylodes chinensis (A. chinensis), Atractylodes japonica (A. japonica), and Atractylodes macrocephala (A. macrocephala), and compared their volatile compositions. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to analyze the volatile profiles of essential oils extracted from 59 batches of samples. Chemometric methods enabled a better understanding of the differences in volatile oils between the four species and identified significant components affecting their classification and quality. A total of 50 volatile components were identified from the essential oils by GC/MS. Unsupervised and supervised chemometric analyses accurately distinguished A. lancea, A. chinensis, A. japonica, and A. macrocephala. Furthermore, five characteristic chemical markers, namely hinesol, β‐eudesmol, atractylon, atractylodin and atractylenolide I, were obtained, and their respective percentage contents in individual species and samples were determined. This study provides a valuable reference for the quality evaluation of medicinal plants with essential oils and holds significance for species differentiation and the rational clinical application of Atractylodes herbs.
Imported taeniasis in the context of colon hydrotherapy
Authors: Gomila Bárbara , Pedrón‐García Verónica , Granizo‐Bermejo David , Esteban J. Guillermo 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of imported taeniasis, under the modality of “visiting friends and relatives”, in the context of colon hydrotherapy. This technique allows the detection of proglottids, diagnosed in this case as Taenia saginata based on the gravid proglottid that presented more than 13 uterine branches and showed active motility. Moreover, the patient did not consume pork for religious reasons. The treatment with paromomicin sulfate was effective. In this case, a trip to Ethiopia, together with the ingestion of raw beef, was the cause of parasitization. It is highly advisable to obtain detailed information from the patient on their background, especially their travel and dietary histories.
A rare extrapulmonary presentation of tuberculosis: Breast tuberculosis
Authors: Khanal Shambhu , Kafle Anil , Bhandari Sushmita , Kayastha Priyanka 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageBreast abscess of long duration can be tubercular origin in both developing and developed countries despite its rarity.AbstractA 34‐year‐old lady presented with painful lump on her breast for 2 months, which was diagnosed with mammary tuberculosis on basis of aspiration cytology and successfully treated with antitubercular drugs. Breast abscess of long duration may be tubercular etiology in both developing and developed nations.
Temporal Control of Fluorescent EuW10 Aggregates for Autonomous DNA Capture and Information Encryption
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Liu Ting , Li Yawen , Yu Yang , Ning Lin , Qiu Xuefan , Li Chencan , Wang Ling , Xu Wenlong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSelf‐assembly exploits noncovalent interaction to offer an effective method for the fabrication of materials. For Na9[EuW10O36] ⋅ 32H2O (EuW10), the negative charges and abundant oxygen atoms on its surface provide a handle for static self‐assembly. New properties are envisioned for EuW10 aggregates which are able to display such kinetics and time‐programming characteristics, in order to satisfy more complex and intelligent application scenarios, such as DNA binding and information encryption. In this work, EuW10 coupling with stimuli‐responsive dodecyl dimethylamine oxide (C12DMAO) can generate versatile aggregates with pH‐responsive properties. We demonstrated the temporal programming of the assembly and disassembly of EuW10 nanospheres using a pH clock reaction of acid/urease hydrolysis. The pH clock reaction endows EuW10 assemblies with dynamical properties, in which the charges and fluorescence changes are coded in this system. These fluorescent assemblies provide new application in time‐programmed DNA capture and information encryption.
Regeneration of Desiccants for Hydrogen by Dielectric Heating with Radio Waves
Authors: Holzer Frank , Kraus Markus , Roland Ulf 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDie Feintrocknung spielt eine Schlüsselrolle für den Einsatz und insbesondere die Einspeisung von Wasserstoff in die Erdgasinfrastruktur. Zur thermischen Regenerierung des Trockenmittels können Radiowellen für eine direkte dielektrische Erwärmung des Schüttbettes eingesetzt werden. In Abhängigkeit von den verwendeten Zeolithen, NaX oder NaY, sind dabei sowohl eine homogene Erwärmung als auch eine selektive Erwärmung der wasserbeladenen Trockenmittelschüttungen möglich. Nach entsprechenden Tests steht nunmehr ein einsatzfähiger druckfester Prototyp für die Wasserstofftrocknung zur Verfügung.
Eine nachhaltige Lösung für Kunststoffabfälle
Authors: Alwast Holger , Schu Reinhard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWas hat E‐Mobilität mit chemischem Recycling zu tun? Das verbindende Element ist Naphtha, das als Nebenprodukt bei der Herstellung von Automobilkraftstoffen aus Erdöl entsteht. Naphtha bildet die Grundlage für die im Steamckracker hergestellten Basismoleküle der Kunststoffproduktion. Solange keine Umstellung auf E‐Mobilität erfolgt, bleibt die Produktion von Kunststoffen aus Naphtha bestehen. Obwohl großtechnische chemische Recyclingverfahren bereit sind, besteht derzeit kein Bedarf an zusätzlichen Rohstoffen für die Kunststoffproduktion.
Mehr Service und Funktionen mit weniger Material und Energie
Authors: Sutthoff Rene 
Published: July 2023

AbstractKlaus Kümmerer spricht im Interview über die Bedeutung der nachhaltigen Chemie für die Kreislaufwirtschaft und wie beides dazu beitragen kann, die großen Herausforderungen jetzt und für die Zukunft zu lösen. Kümmerer ist Direktor des Instituts für Nachhaltige Chemie an der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg sowie Director des Research & Education Hub des International Sustainable Chemistry Collaborative Centre (ISC3) in Bonn. Er gilt als Begründer des “Benign by Design”‐Ansatzes. Für seine zukunftsweisenden Forschungsleistungen wird ihm am 6. September 2023 der Wöhler‐Preis für Nachhaltige Chemie von der GDCh verliehen. Kümmerer ist Mitglied des High Level Round Table der EU zu Safe and Sustainable by Design (SSbD).
Fixation and Laser Capture Microdissection of Plant Tissue for RNA Extraction and RNASeq Library Preparation
Authors: Chavan Suchitra , Schnabel Elise , Saski Christopher , Frugoli Julia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo study the transcriptome of individual plant cells at specific points in time, we developed protocols for fixation, embedding, and sectioning of plant tissue followed by laser capture microdissection (LCM) and processing for RNA recovery. LCM allows the isolation of individual cell types from heterogeneous tissue sections and is particularly suited to plant processing because it does not require the breakdown of cell walls. This approach allows accurate separation of a small volume of cells that can be used to study gene expression profiles in different tissues or cell layers. The technique requires neither separation of cells by enzymatic digestion of any kind nor cell‐specific reporter genes, and it allows storage of fixed and embedded tissue for months before capture. The methods for fixation, embedding, sectioning, and capturing of plant cells that we describe yield high‐quality RNA suitable for making libraries for RNASeq. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Tissue Preparation for Laser Capture MicrodissectionBasic Protocol 2: Tissue SectioningBasic Protocol 3: Laser Capture Microdissection of Embedded TissueBasic Protocol 4: RNA Extraction from Laser Capture Microdissection Samples
Individual variation in preference behavior in sailfin fish refines the neurotranscriptomic pathway for mate preference
Authors: Young Rebecca L. , Price Sarah M. , Schumer Molly , Wang Silu , Cummings Molly E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSocial interactions can drive distinct gene expression profiles which may vary by social context. Here we use female sailfin molly fish (Poecilia latipinna) to identify genomic profiles associated with preference behavior in distinct social contexts: male interactions (mate choice) versus female interactions (shoaling partner preference). We measured the behavior of 15 females interacting in a non‐contact environment with either two males or two females for 30 min followed by whole‐brain transcriptomic profiling by RNA sequencing. We profiled females that exhibited high levels of social affiliation and great variation in preference behavior to identify an order of magnitude more differentially expressed genes associated with behavioral variation than by differences in social context. Using a linear model (limma), we took advantage of the individual variation in preference behavior to identify unique gene sets that exhibited distinct correlational patterns of expression with preference behavior in each social context. By combining limma and weighted gene co‐expression network analyses (WGCNA) approaches we identified a refined set of 401 genes robustly associated with mate preference that is independent of shoaling partner preference or general social affiliation. While our refined gene set confirmed neural plasticity pathways involvement in moderating female preference behavior, we also identified a significant proportion of discovered that our preference‐associated genes were enriched for ‘immune system’ gene ontology categories. We hypothesize that the association between mate preference and transcriptomic immune function is driven by the less well‐known role of these genes in neural plasticity which is likely involved in higher‐order learning and processing during mate choice decisions.
Year‐round weather alters nest‐provisioning rates in a migratory owl
Authors: Stein Eliza D. , Midway Stephen R. , Linkhart Brian D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs global temperatures and precipitation become more extreme, habitat specialists are at particular risk of being pushed past their environmental tolerance limits. Flammulated Owls (Psiloscops flammeolus) are small migratory owls that breed in temperate conifer forests of western North America. Their highly specialized nesting and foraging requirements make them indicators of ecosystem health. Using 17 years of nest observations, we investigated how annual weather patterns affected Flammulated Owl nesting and foraging behaviors during the breeding season. We used generalized linear models with a changepoint parameter to evaluate nest provisioning and nestling growth rates in years of extreme temperature and precipitation. We also evaluated how adult mass, division of labor, and productivity varied based on precipitation and temperature. Compared to wet and warm years, adults made more frequent prey deliveries to nestlings in dry and cold years, particularly early in the night and early in the season, and they experienced earlier changepoints in these years. We found a significant effect of temperature on the number of fledglings in broods, but weather did not affect other variables including productivity, nestling growth rates, adult masses, and division of labor. Our findings suggest that extreme annual weather patterns influence insect prey availability during the Flammulated Owl breeding season, forcing adults to work harder to provision for nests during dry and cold years. While productivity and nestling growth did not vary between years, these may incur a long‐term tradeoff in adult survival.