bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Evaluation of Starch Phosphate-Based Cream Derived from Manihot esculentus
Authors: Achor Mohammed , Abdullahi Buhari Muntaqa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStarch is an important excipient employed in the pharmaceutical industry but irrespective of its source, the native starch is undesirable for many applications because of its inability to withstand processing conditions and hence needs its modification to achieve the desired properties. This study aimed to synthesize starch phosphate through the modification of starch obtained from Manihot esculentus, and then explore its potential in the preparation of cream formulations. In the present study, the starch was extracted from M. esculentus (cassava), then phosphorylated by reacting with varied concentrations of disodium hydrogen phosphate, anhydrous (Na2HPO4, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mol/dm3) under pH 6. A standard wet chemistry method was used for the determination of the degree of substitution by phosphate (DSp) of modified starch, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were used for structure identification. The starch phosphate obtained was employed to develop a cream formulation. The physicochemical properties of the formulation were further evaluated. Calamine cream BP was utilized as a control. Our result indicated that a higher concentration of Na2HPO4 favors a higher DSp (0.047). FTIR spectra of the modified starch suggested a new peak at 1,090 cm−1 (P-OR). The cream formulated with a high DSp of starch phosphate demonstrated good physicochemical properties with spreadability (7.84–8.65 gcm/s), pH (6.5–7.0), viscosity (267–296 cp), extrudability (2.05–2.62%) and physical stability, and were smooth, opaque, greasy, homogeneous, and easily removed on washing with water. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the starch phosphate-based cream and the control, but a significant difference between the starch phosphate-based cream and a native starch-based cream. Given the above, starch phosphate with a high DSp can be prepared from M. esculentus starch and utilized as a promising emulsifying agent in cream formulation due to its being more widely available, more stable, and cost-effective.
Quantitative Risk Evaluation of Adventitious Agents in Heparin
Authors: Raedts John , Kellenbach Edwin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHeparin is typically extracted from domestic pigs, which may carry zoonotic adventitious agents. Prion and viral safety cannot be assured by testing the active pharmaceutical ingredient itself; instead for the evaluation of the adventitious agent (i.e., viruses/prions) safety of heparin and heparinoid (e.g., Orgaran or Sulodexide) therapeutics, a risk assessment is required. An approach is presented which provides a quantitative estimation of the worst-case potential residual adventitious agent (i.e., GC/mL or ID50) present in a maximum daily dose of heparin. This estimation is based on the input (determined by prevalence, titer, and amount of starting material to prepare a maximum daily dose) and validated reduction by the manufacturing process, resulting in an estimation of the worst-case potential level of adventitious agent present in a maximum daily dose. The merits of this quantitative, worst-case approach are evaluated. The approach described in this review provides a tool for a quantitative risk evaluation of the viral and prion safety of heparin.
Psychiatric Symptoms in Women with High-risk Pregnancy in the Postpartum Period: A Case-control Study
Authors: Basirat Zahra , Ramaezani Fatemeh , Sepidarkish Mahdi , Kashifard Mahdi , Faramarzi Mahbobeh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective: Psychiatric symptoms are common mental issues in pregnancy and the postpartum period. There is limited information regarding the psychiatric symptoms of women with high-risk pregnancy in the postpartum period. This study aimed to compare the severity of psychiatric symptoms and psychological distress in women with high-risk and low-risk pregnancies in the postpartum period.
Methods: This case-control study examined 250 women in the postpartum period in two groups with low-risk (n = 112) and high-risk (n = 138) pregnancies. Women completed the Brief Symptom Inventory-53 (BSI-53) and the Risk Postnatal Psychosocial Depression Risk Questionnaire (PPDRQ).
Results: The mean severity of psychiatric symptoms in women with high-risk pregnancies was significantly higher than that in women with low-risk pregnancies (39.34 ± 17.51 vs. 30.26 ± 17.08). Additionally, the frequency of psychological distress in women with high-risk pregnancies was approximately twice higher than that in women with low-risk pregnancies (30.3% vs. 15.2%). Furthermore, the risk factors for depression in women with high-risk pregnancies were almost 1.5 times (59.8% vs. 39.8%) higher than the factors in women with low-risk pregnancies. The results of the logistic analysis indicated that high-risk pregnancies could be twice the odds ratio of developing postpartum psychological distress (ß = 2.14, 95% CI 1.4-6.3, p= 0.036).
Conclusion: Psychiatric symptoms and the psychological distress index are higher in postpartum women with high-risk pregnancies than in postpartum women with low-risk pregnancies. The study suggests that obstetricians and pregnant women's health care providers should strongly consider screening of psychiatric symptoms in women with high-risk pregnancies both during pregnancy and after delivery as the women's routine care priorities.
Development of a Mobile Health Application Based on a Mixed Prenatal Care in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Novoa Rommy Helena , Meza-Santibañez Luis , Rodríguez-Hilario Noe , Torres-Osorio Juan , Jáuregui-Canchari Vladimir , Huang-Yang Xin , Melgarejo Wilder Eduardo , Bazo-Alvarez Juan Carlos , Ventura Walter 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective We describe the development and structure of a novel mobile application in a mixed model of prenatal care, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, we assess the acceptability of this mobile app in a cohort of patients.
Methods First, we introduced a mixed model of prenatal care; second, we developed a comprehensive, computer-based clinical record to support our system. Lastly, we built a novel mobile app as a tool for prenatal care. We used Flutter Software version 2.2 to build the app for Android and iOS smartphones. A cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the acceptability of the app.
Results A mobile app was also built with the main attribute of being connected in real-time with the computer-based clinical records. The app screens detail information about activities programmed and developed in the prenatal care according to gestational age. A downloadable maternity book is available and some screens show warning signs and symptoms of pregnancy. The acceptability assessment was mostly rated positively regarding the characteristics of the mobile app, by 50 patients.
Conclusion This novel mobile app was developed as a tool among pregnant patients to increase the information available about their pregnancies in the provision of a mixed model of prenatal care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was fully customized to the needs of our users following the local protocols. The introduction of this novel mobile app was highly accepted by the patients.
“Did You See What Happened?” How Scandals are Shared via Social Media
Authors: Soltani Mona , Veer Ekant , de Vries Huibert Peter , A. Kemper Joya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSocial media has brought complexity and unpredictability to scandal situations, making it complex for brands to protect their reputations. In a scandal, the involvement of influential social media users in information dissemination often amplifies the attack on an organisation. This research sheds light on the role of influential users in the spread of scandals via social media. This study analyses multiple cases of for-profit and not-for-profit organisations impacted by value-based vs. performance-based scandals. We collected data from the discussions on Twitter to analyse fourteen scandals. Across all cases, 455 influential users’ tweets were analysed. The findings suggest that while in a performance-based scandal, the role of news outlets in the spread of information is significant, in a value-based scandal, individual influential users have more influence. The research introduces three main categories for influential users’ engagement approach; attacking, defending, and neutral, arguing that influential users’ engagement approaches towards a scandal, represented in the valence of their tweets, influence online users’ participation in online scandal discussion. The research finds that influential users are more likely to tweet about a value-based scandal and these tweets subsequently often receive more retweets compared to tweets on performance-based scandals. In addition, for-profit (vs not-for-profit) organisations typically do not have influential users' advocacy in the time of scandals.
Cyclogram: an effective method for selecting frequency bands for fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings
Authors: Li Bo , Xu Xuefang , Tan Hang , Shi Peiming , Qiao Zijian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFrequency band selection for repetitive transient extraction using the kurtogram and its variants plays a vital role in fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings. However, cyclostationarity, one of the most typical symptoms of faulty bearings, is always neglected in these methods, leading to failure of the extraction of the weak fault features. To address this shortcoming, a novel method for selecting frequency bands, called Cyclogram, is here proposed based on kurtosis and cyclostationarity. In the proposed method, a signal is decomposed into several signals in different frequency bands by a wavelet packet transform, and squared envelopes (SEs) are calculated for these decomposed signals. Then, a robust indicator of SEs for evaluating repetitive transients is constructed based on cyclic spectral coherence and kurtosis, which helps to select useful frequency bands. Afterwards, the envelope spectrum of these selected frequency bands are averaged rather than only selecting one frequency band to enhance fault features. Compared with traditional fault-diagnosis methods for rolling element bearings, the proposed method is able to identify faults from signals corrupted seriously with Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise. The effectiveness of Cyclogram is validated based on simulation and three real-world vibration signals from faulty bearings.
Structural and optical properties of rare earth doped Zn2SnO4 nano-composites prepared via Sol-gel synthesis
Authors: Kadari Ahmed , Aissaoui Khaled , El-Mesady Intesar A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Doped with different rare earth elements (Dy3+, Sm3+, Yb2+, Eu3+ and Gd2+), Zn2SnO4 nano-structures were synthesized using sol-gel method. Dopants were introduced in the prepared samples at concentrations 2 mol%. X-Rays Diffraction (XRD) results checked the crystallographic nature of the prepared materials. Using Scherrer’s equation, the particles sizes were calculated and found to be almost 24 nm. The chemical bond types were identified through the Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The dopants effect on the absorbance spectra was explored via the UV-Visible spectroscopy. The energy band gap (E
opt) of Zn2SnO4 decreased (from 3.89 eV to 2.80 eV) with dopants addition for direct transitions and was in the range of 3.93 to 2.25 eV for indirect transitions. Similarly, Urbach energies (EU) were found within the range 0.70–0.42 eV. The effect results of the suggested dopants at those concentrations on the structure and optical properties of Zn2SnO4 could be considered to be utilized in the correct form in the industrial applications.
Caputo-Hadamard fractional chaotic maps
Authors: Liu Zeyu , Chen Jiaxin , Zhou Wenquan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we proposed a new fractional two dimensional trigonometric combined discrete chaotic mapping (2D-TCDCM) and a fractional 2-D Kawakami map within Caputo-Hadamard fractional difference. We observed the dynamic behaviours of the proposed Caputo-Hadamard fractional maps, including fractal graph, maximum lyapunov exponent, phase trajectory and randomness test. We illustrate the advantage of using Caputo-Hadamard fractional difference. As a conclusion, we get the condition of the proposed fractional map to behave chaotically with physics background.
Polar gravitational waves in f(R, T

ϕ
) framework
Authors: Siddiqa Aisha , Manzoor Rubab , Kamal Arsal 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This work analyzes the propagation of polar gravitational waves for flat FRW cosmic background and in view of f(R, T

ϕ
) theory. In what follows, we opt for the Regge-Wheeler polar perturbation scheme in flat geometry of background spacetime and corresponding scalar, field source is also perturbed. The two sets of field equations for flat and perturbed geometry are constructed and furthermore used to evaluate perturbation parameters. The obtained expressions suggest that polar fluctuations affect both geometry and scalar field. The radial and temporal parts of perturbation parameters χ and σ are plotted explicitly while the behavior of ψ is observed via a numerical solution plotted as a 3D graph. The change in these fluctuations for different values of model parameter λ is noticed through these plots.
Alkaline earth based antiperovskite AsPX3 (X = Mg, Ca, and Sr) materials for energy conversion efficient and thermoelectric applications
Authors: Rani Upasana , Kamlesh Peeyush Kumar , Joshi Tarun Kumar , Sharma Sheetal , Gupta Rajeev , Al-Qaisi Samah , Verma Ajay Singh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Antiperovskite were created by swapping ionic positions in the perovskite ABX3 crystal composition. These have great potential for renewable energy devices owing to their low band gap, low cost, and high absorption with Pm-3m space group. Herein, the authors have investigated inherent properties such as bulk modulus and its pressure derivatives, lattice constant, the density of states, band gap, effective mass, refractive index, dielectric constant, extinction coefficient, and absorption coefficient, thermoelectric parameters etc of antiperovskite materials by using density functional theory-based first-principles calculations. These materials exhibit high absorption in the Visible, Ultraviolet region and also in the Near Infrared region which is the most admirable property acquired by various Optoelectronic devices. The proposed compounds have been found mechanically and thermodynamically stable. Their high figure of merit makes them a potential candidate for thermoelectric devices. The proposed material AsPCa3 with a theoretical efficiency of 34% is expected to be a good photovoltaic absorber material.
Astrometric microlensing of primordial black holes with Gaia
Authors: Verma Himanshu , Rentala Vikram 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Gaia space telescope allows for unprecedented accuracy for astrometric measurements of stars in the Galaxy. In this work, we explore the sensitivity of Gaia to detect primordial black hole (PBH) dark matter through the distortions that PBHs would create in the apparent trajectories of background stars, an effect known as astrometric microlensing (AML). We present a novel calculation of the lensing probability, and we combine this with the existing publicly released Gaia eDR3 stellar catalog to predict the expected rate of AML events that Gaia will see. We also compute the expected distribution of a few event observables, which will be useful for reducing backgrounds.
Assuming that the astrophysical background rate of AML like events due to other sources is negligible, we then compute the potential exclusion that could be set on the parameter space of PBHs with a monochromatic mass function. We find that Gaia is sensitive to PBHs in the range of 0.4 M
⊙–5 × 107 M
⊙, and has peak sensitivity to PBHs of ∼ 10 M
⊙ for which it can rule out as little as a fraction 3 × 10-4 of dark matter composed of PBHs. With this exquisite sensitivity, Gaia has the potential to rule out a PBH origin for the gravitational wave signals seen at LIGO/Virgo. Our novel calculation of the lensing probability includes for the first time, the effect of intermediate duration lensing events, where the lensing event lasts for a few years, but for a period which is still shorter than the Gaia mission lifetime. The lower end of our predicted mass exclusion is especially sensitive to this class of lensing events. As and when time-series data for Gaia is released, and once we have a better understanding of the astrophysical background rate to AML signals, our prediction of the lensing rate and event observable distributions will be useful to estimate the true exclusion/discovery of the PBH parameter space utilizing this data.
Fractal dimension to characterize interactions between blood and lymphatic endothelial cells
Authors: Jeong Donghyun Paul , Montes Daniel , Chang Hsueh-Chia , Hanjaya-Putra Donny 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Spatial patterning of different cell types is crucial for tissue engineering and is characterized by the formation of sharp boundary between segregated groups of cells of different lineages. The cell−cell boundary layers, depending on the relative adhesion forces, can result in kinks in the border, similar to fingering patterns between two viscous partially miscible fluids which can be characterized by its fractal dimension. This suggests that mathematical models used to analyze the fingering patterns can be applied to cell migration data as a metric for intercellular adhesion forces. In this study, we develop a novel computational analysis method to characterize the interactions between blood endothelial cells (BECs) and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), which form segregated vasculature by recognizing each other through podoplanin. We observed indiscriminate mixing with LEC−LEC and BEC−BEC pairs and a sharp boundary between LEC−BEC pair, and fingering-like patterns with pseudo-LEC−BEC pairs. We found that the box counting method yields fractal dimension between 1 for sharp boundaries and 1.3 for indiscriminate mixing, and intermediate values for fingering-like boundaries. We further verify that these results are due to differential affinity by performing random walk simulations with differential attraction to nearby cells and generate similar migration pattern, confirming that higher differential attraction between different cell types result in lower fractal dimensions. We estimate the characteristic velocity and interfacial tension for our simulated and experimental data to show that the fractal dimension negatively correlates with capillary number (Ca), further indicating that the mathematical models used to study viscous fingering pattern can be used to characterize cell−cell mixing. Taken together, these results indicate that the fractal analysis of segregation boundaries can be used as a simple metric to estimate relative cell−cell adhesion forces between different cell types.
Electron Bernstein wave aided Hermite cosh-Gaussian laser beam absorption in collisional plasma
Authors: Varma Ashish , Mishra S P , Kumar Arvind , Kumar Asheel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we theoretically study the electron Bernstein wave aided Hermite-Cosh-Gaussian laser beam absorption in collisional plasma with a static magnetic field. This laser beam may have the potential to couple the pre-existing electron Bernstein wave with the coupled wave frequency

ω
1

=
ω
+

ω
0

and wave number

k
1

=
k
+

k
0

where

ω

and

ω
0

are the electron Bernstein wave and laser beam frequencies, respectively, and

k

and

k
0

are the electron Bernstein wave and laser beam wave numbers, respectively. The plasma electron oscillatory velocities associated with the coupled wave mode produce the linear and nonlinear current density. An expression for the nonlinear absorption coefficient of an electron Bernstein wave aided Hermite cosh-Gaussian laser beam is analytically derived and more concisely discussed via different relative graphs. The graphical results promise that the absorption coefficient is strongly dependent on Hermite mode index m, beam decentered parameter d associated with the cosh term, laser beam width, laser beam frequency, electron Bernstein wave frequency, electron cyclotron frequency, electron thermal velocity and collisional frequency. Nonlinear coupling, collision phenomena and laser beam decentered parameter (very sensitive parameter) play an important role in absorption processes. The association of a very small electron Bernstein wave frequency with the laser beam causes too much of an increase in the absorption coefficient compared to only the laser beam. This efficient nonlinear absorption process may be applicable to plasma electron heating and the harmonic generation process.
Physical mechanisms of emerging neuromodulation modalities
Authors: Karatum Onuralp , Han Mertcan , Erdogan Ezgi Tuna , Karamursel Sacit , Nizamoglu Sedat 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
One of the ultimate goals of neurostimulation field is to design materials, devices and systems that can simultaneously achieve safe, effective and tether-free operation. For that, understanding the working mechanisms and potential applicability of neurostimulation techniques is important to develop noninvasive, enhanced, and multi-modal control of neural activity. Here, we review direct and transduction-based neurostimulation techniques by discussing their interaction mechanisms with neurons via electrical, mechanical, and thermal means. We show how each technique targets modulation of specific ion channels (e.g. voltage-gated, mechanosensitive, heat-sensitive) by exploiting fundamental wave properties (e.g. interference) or engineering nanomaterial-based systems for efficient energy transduction. Overall, our review provides a detailed mechanistic understanding of neurostimulation techniques together with their applications to in vitro, in vivo, and translational studies to guide the researchers toward developing more advanced systems in terms of noninvasiveness, spatiotemporal resolution, and clinical applicability.
Development of a series of miniaturization device for insulation wrapping of distribution lines
Authors: Wang Haosen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the continuous expansion of the scale of power grid in China, the traditional line inspection method has been difficult to meet the requirements of the future power system, the research and application of line inspection robot has become inevitable.Line inspection robot instead of manual line inspection, not only can avoid unnecessary dangers, but also can complete insulation repair work, inspection inspection efficiency is high [1-2]. This project by 10 kv overhead insulated package unit as the research object, according to the insulation repair the actual situation of the construction site, developed a device used for 10 kv overhead line insulation package, the robot by the ground staff through tablet computer remote control operation, to walk to the on-line control insulation package device to fix position, to repair the cable package on the wire. The whole operation process does not need power outage, so that the robot can replace the manual work to complete the insulation repair of the line [3-4].