bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single Axillary Incision Versus Triple Lateral Chest Wall Incisions in Endoscopic Mastectomy for Gynecomastia: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis with Propensity Score Matching
Authors: Xu Chenhui , Diao Yirui , Chen Ruifu , Chen Meilan , Lai Baoyong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Endoscopic mastectomy has gradually become an important surgical modality for the treatment of breast diseases, and is the preferred procedure for gynecomastia. However, endoscopic mastectomy presents challenges such as a steep learning curve, prolonged surgical duration, increased hospitalization costs, and high technical difficulty. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and patient satisfaction of endoscopic mastectomy using a single axillary incision versus a triple lateral chest wall incision for gynecomastia.

Methods
Patients were stratified into a single-port group and a three-port group based on the surgical approach. Propensity score matching was used for the nearest neighbor matching, adjusting baseline data differences at a 1:1 ratio, with a caliper value set at 0.2 to ensure comparability between the two groups. Clinical efficacy and patient satisfaction were compared after propensity score matching.

Results
A total of 36 pairs of patients were successfully matched after propensity score matching, with no differences in baseline characteristics (P > 0.05). Notably, the three-port group experienced longer surgical durations compared to the single-port group, alongside higher hospitalization costs (P < 0.05). There were no differences in surgical bleeding volume, postoperative drainage volume, extubation time, postoperative hospitalization time , surgical complications, visual analog scale pain scores, and recurrence rate (P > 0.05). After a 6-month follow-up, the vancouver scar scale assessment showed no differences in scar color, thickness, vascularity, softness, and total score (P > 0.05). Based on the BODY-Q questionnaire chest module scores, the single-port group showed better overall satisfaction in appearance (P = 0.038), especially in the smoothness of the chest wall, with significantly higher scores than the three-port group (P = 0.001). No differences were found in nipple symmetry, nipple sensation, and skin redundancy (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
The single axillary incision endoscopic mastectomy demonstrated advantages in shorter surgical duration and lower hospitalization costs, while providing a smoother chest wall appearance, thereby enhancing overall patient satisfaction. Consequently, this surgical approach may arise as one of the preferred procedures for gynecomastia.

Level of Evidence II
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Clinical Swallow Examination Following Laryngectomy: An International e-Delphi Consensus Process
Authors: Wilson Sarah E. , Brown Bena , Burns Clare L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Clinical swallow examination (CSE) following laryngectomy (± pharyngeal resection) remains a critical step in dysphagia evaluation. Whilst the core components of a standard CSE service a broad spectrum of patient populations, no evidence exists examining the essential assessment items specific to CSE in the laryngectomy population. The aim of this study was to identify the tasks, measures and observations considered necessary to include in a CSE post laryngectomy. Using an e-Delphi approach, a 4-round online survey series was undertaken with 34 speech pathologists experienced in laryngectomy swallowing management from 6 countries. In the first round (item generation) participants were provided with the questions from the swallowing outcomes after laryngectomy (SOAL) as stimulus, to generate a list of tasks, measures and observations as well as clarifying questions they would ask the patient during a CSE. In the subsequent e-Delphi rounds the participants rated the importance of the compiled assessment items. A total of 34 items were rated of critical importance for inclusion in a laryngectomy CSE by ≥ 75% of participants. Two thirds of the consensus items (23 items) were patient history and interview questions incorporating medical and swallowing history (4 items) and patient interview (19 items). The remaining 11 items related to swallow tasks and observations (9 items) and onward referral (2 items). These 34 consensus items can be considered as a draft framework for laryngectomy CSE to guide clinical practice and research.
Development of an artificial intelligence system to indicate intraoperative findings of scarring in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholecystitis
Authors: Orimoto Hiroki , Hirashita Teijiro , Ikeda Subaru , Amano Shota , Kawamura Masahiro , Kawano Yoko , Takayama Hiroomi , Masuda Takashi , Endo Yuichi , Matsunobu Yusuke , Shinozuka Ken’ichi , Tokuyasu Tatsushi , Inomata Masafumi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The surgical difficulty of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) for acute cholecystitis (AC) and the risk of bile duct injury (BDI) depend on the degree of fibrosis and scarring caused by inflammation; therefore, understanding these intraoperative findings is crucial to preventing BDI. Scarring makes it particularly difficult to perform safely and increases the BDI risk. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system to indicate intraoperative findings of scarring in LC for AC.

Materials and methods
An AI system was developed to detect scarred areas using an algorithm for semantic segmentation based on deep learning. The training dataset consisted of 2025 images extracted from LC videos of 21 cases with AC. External evaluation committees (EEC) evaluated the AI system on 20 cases of untrained data from other centers. EECs evaluated the accuracy in identifying the scarred area and the usefulness of the AI system, which were assessed based on annotation and a 5-point Likert-scale questionnaire.

Results
The average DICE coefficient for scarred areas between AI detection and EEC annotation was 0.612. The EEC’s average detection accuracy on the Likert scale was 3.98 ± 0.76. AI systems were rated as relatively useful for both clinical and educational applications.

Conclusion
We developed an AI system to detect scarred areas in LC for AC. Since scarring increases the surgical difficulty, this AI system has the potential to reduce BDI.
How does an intervention work?—English Version
Authors: Kaiser Ulrike , Schouten Leonie , Hoffmann Greta , Preißler Anke , Adler Franziska , Zinndorf Louise , Kästner Anne , Metz-Oster Beatrice , Höffner Enya , Lindena Gabriele ,   PAIN 2.0-Team, Isenberg Thomas , Möller André , Rottke Felix , Waidner Anja , Seitz Jakob , Kaiser Ulrike , Gärtner Anne , Preißler Anke , Hoffmann Greta , Pritzke Michael Julia , Petzke Frank , Schouten Leonie , Adler Franziska , Geber Christian , Metz-Oster Beatrice , Milch Lena , Zinndorf Louise , Höffner Enya , Ruff Julia , Kohlmann Thomas , Meyer-Moock Sandra , Szczotkowski Daniel , Marschall Ursula , Schumacher Catharina , Kohlmann Thomas , Meyer-Moock Sandra , Szczotkowski Daniel , Geber Christian , Petzke Frank , Milch Lena , Gärtner Anne 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In addition to the usual evaluation approach (usually a clinical randomized trial in the sense of the question: does an intervention work), complex interventions require further systematic investigations to prove their effectiveness. The role of the context in which the intervention is delivered is essential here, as is consideration of the question of why an intervention works (or does not work). Detailed recommendations exist for the planning and implementation of effectiveness studies on complex interventions, to which interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy undoubtedly belongs. In an effectiveness model, concrete, verifiable assumptions are formulated as to how an intervention produces changes that are reflected in the endpoint. This article provides a brief introduction to methodological approaches to effectiveness research on complex interventions and uses the PAIN 2.0 project (01NVF20023) to describe in concrete terms what an effectiveness model for interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy for the prevention of chronic pain in an outpatient setting might look like.
Abflusstrends in Österreichs Fließgewässern 1977–2020
Authors: Laaha Gregor , Laimighofer Johannes , Parajka Juraj , Bertola Miriam , Blöschl Günter 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag werden die Abflusstrends in Österreich für 250 Pegel (Niederwasser und Mittelwasser) bzw. 331 Pegel (Hochwasser) im Zeitraum 1977–2020 analysiert. Während sich im Mittel über Österreich der Mittelwasserabfluss wenig verändert hat, sind regionale Verschiebungen des Wasserdargebots zu verzeichnen, mit signifikant abnehmenden Trends im Westen, Nordwesten (Innviertel, Mühlviertel) und Südosten (etwa 20 % in 43 Jahren), und leicht zunehmenden Trends im Alpenraum. Beim Hochwasser haben sich die steigenden Trends in den letzten Jahren verstärkt. Vor allem im südlichen Niederösterreich und in der Obersteiermark sowie in Gebieten entlang des Alpenhauptkamms ist eine deutliche Zunahme von bis zu über +20 % (+5 % pro Dekade) zu verzeichnen. Der Anstieg ist in kleineren Einzugsgebieten ausgeprägter als in größeren Gebieten. Im Osten Österreichs zeigt sich auch eine saisonale Verschiebung der Jahreshochwasser vom Winter und Frühjahr in den Sommer. Beim Niederwasser sind unterhalb von 900 m ü. A. fallende Trends in etwa 16 % der Einzugsgebiete zu beobachten, die mit Abflussrückgängen im Sommer von über −20 % in 43 Jahren (etwa −5 % pro Dekade) im Südosten sowie im Innviertel besonders stark ausgeprägt sind. In diesen Regionen zeichnet sich eine Verschärfung der Niederwassersituation ab, die bei der wasserwirtschaftlichen Planung berücksichtigt werden sollte.
Novel technique and outcomes of umbilical reconstruction during cytoreductive surgery; a multi-centre study
Authors: Cheng E. , Yang P. F. , Khor S. , Mui J. , Sarofim M. , Wijayawardana R. , Ansari N. , Koh C. E. , Morris D. L. , Ahmadi N. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The goal of cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal malignancy is to remove all macroscopic disease, which occasionally requires the excision of the umbilicus. While the absence of the umbilicus can be aesthetically undesirable for patients, umbilical reconstruction is rarely performed due to the perceived complexity and increased risk of wound infections (Sakata et al. in Colorectal Dis 23:1153–1157, 2021). This study aims to evaluate the outcomes, cosmetic results and patient satisfaction of umbilical reconstruction during cytoreductive surgery.

Methods
Consecutive patients from a prospectively maintained database who underwent cytoreductive surgery with umbilical excision and reconstruction were evaluated. Our technique for umbilical reconstruction involved recreating the subcutaneous fat space and fashioning umbilical skin flaps that anchor to the anterior fascia. Outcomes assessed included post-operative infection rate, wound dehiscence, seroma formation, wound appearance and patient satisfaction.

Results
Umbilical reconstruction was performed on 50 patients, with 12 (24%) experiencing wound-related complications. Of these, eight patients (16%) had superficial wound infections, while one patient (2%) developed a deep wound infection; three patients (6%) required local wound drainage, though none needed surgical revision. There were no reports of wound seromas, skin necrosis, wound widening nor umbilical stenosis. All patients reported satisfaction with the outcome of their reconstruction.

Conclusions
Our novel technique for umbilical reconstruction during cytoreductive surgery did not negatively impact wound healing outcomes. Recreating the umbilicus improved cosmetic results and patient satisfaction, enhancing body image for those undergoing major abdominal surgery. This approach should be considered for patients undergoing major laparotomies that necessitates umbilical excision.
Impact of lesion preparation-induced calcified plaque defects in vascular intervention for atherosclerotic disease: in silico assessment
Authors: Sogbadji Jonas , Kadry Karim , Poletti Gianluca , Berti Francesca , Edelman Elazer R. , Nezami Farhad R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Percutaneous coronary interventions in highly calcified atherosclerotic lesions are challenging due to the high mechanical stiffness that significantly restricts stent expansion. Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) is a novel vessel preparation technique with the potential to improve interventional outcomes by inducing microscopic and macroscopic cracks to enhance stent expansion. However, the exact mechanism of action for IVL is poorly understood, and it remains unclear whether the improvement in-stent expansion is caused by either the macro-cracks allowing the vessel to open or the micro-cracks altering the bulk material properties. In silico models offer a robust means to examine (a) diverse lesion morphologies, (b) a range of lesion modifications to address these deficiencies, and (c) the correlation between calcium morphology alteration and improved stenting outcomes. These models also help identify which lesions would benefit the most from IVL. In this study, we develop an in silico model of stent expansion to study the effect of macro-crack morphology on interventional outcomes in clinically inspired geometries. Larger IVL-induced defects promote more post-stent lumen gain. IVL seems to induce better stenting outcomes for large calcified lesions. IVL defects that split calcified plaque in two parts are the most beneficial for stenting angioplasty, regardless of the calcified plaque size. Location of the IVL defect does not seem to matter with respect to lumen gain. These findings underscore the potential of IVL to enhance lesion compliance and improve clinical outcomes in PCI. The macroscopic defects induced by IVL seem to have a substantial impact on post-stent outcomes.
The Role of Banks’ Business Models in their FinTech Acquisitions
Authors: Alfhaili Faisal Abdulmohsen , Bakoush Mohamed , Wolfe Simon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we examine the role of banks’ business models on their decisions to acquire FinTech firms and how they do so. We find that banks with diverse assets, funds, and income structures are more inclined to engage in FinTech acquisitions. Investment banks display selectivity in FinTech acquisitions while wholesale and traditional banks appear more wary, possibly because of the limited need for FinTech in their business models or the externalities in their existing business models.
Effect of hot isostatic pressing on the low-cycle fatigue behavior of laser powder bed fusion manufactured 21-6-9 austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Ujiie Ryosuke , Neikter Magnus , Pederson Robert , Hansson Thomas , Miyashita Yukio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
21-6-9 stainless steel manufactured by powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) is expected to be used for aerospace parts due to its high strength and elevated temperature durability, coupled with the possibility to manufacture complex shapes. Defects, such as pores and lack of fusion (LoF), can be formed in PBF-LB/M manufactured material, which can be detrimental to important dynamic mechanical properties like fatigue strength. However, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) has shown great potential in closing and healing such defects. In this study, an investigation of the effects of HIP treatment on the low-cycle fatigue (LCF) properties and microstructure of PBF-LB/M manufactured 21-6-9 material was performed. It was found that the effects of HIP treatment are similar to that of solution heat treatment regarding grain coarsening and grain sensitization. In addition, HIP successfully closed the pores, reducing the defect density. The stress relief heat-treated (SR) specimens exhibited lower LCF strength than wrought material, but after HIP treatment, LCF strength was equal to wrought material. The HIP treatment consequently improved the strain-controlled LCF strength but decreased the tensile strength and hardness around 30%.
Fluorescent CdTe/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots for Sensitive Metabolite Detection in Real Samples
Authors: Ağbulut Melahat Sevgül Bakay , Elibol Erdem , Çadırcı Musa , Demirci Tuna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study highlights the aqueous synthesis of CdTe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) and their application as fluorescence sensors for detecting critical metabolites, including folic acid, glucose, and vitamin C, in real biological samples. The synthesized QDs exhibit excellent quantum efficiency, stability, and biocompatibility, enhanced by mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) ligands, enabling eco-friendly and accurate sensing. Detection limits of 0.84 µg/mL for folic acid, 0.33 mM for glucose, and 1.15 µg/mL for vitamin C were achieved with high linearity (R2 > 0.97). These results underscore the potential of CdTe/ZnS QDs in advanced biosensing technologies, offering sensitive and selective metabolite detection through a robust FRET-based mechanism. The versatility and aqueous solubility of these QDs pave the way for their integration into multiplex diagnostic systems for enhanced biomedical applications.
The Complexity of Human Space: Multi-layered Networks and the Relativity of Distance
Authors: Cardinale Ivano , Scazzieri Roberto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article characterizes the human space as reflecting the architecture of interdependencies within it, which may generate alternative identifications of external boundaries and internal divisions. After introducing how human actors and activities are arranged according to relative positions belonging to different dimensions and leading to multi-layered networks, the article illustrates the multi-dimensionality and multi-layeredness of the human space by considering the production space as a network of interdependencies in which division of labour and the mutual fitting of activities take place along plural dimensions (here identified with tasks and productive functions, capacities, and materials-in-process) and give rise to hierarchical patterns of interdependence along each dimension. The article shows that it is possible to visualize relative positions in different ways depending on the actors’ or the analyst’s point of view, which may draw attention to a particular dimension of interdependence rather than others. Such open-endedness leads to the relativity of distance. At the same time, the actors’ (or the analyst’s) point of view, by fixing the focus of attention on specific dimensions and layers, may lead to closure, in the sense that relative distances become associated with the dimension and layer of interdependence that are central to a given context. The article goes on to propose a theoretical framework to study distance and proximity in the human space, and applies it to the problem of how to identify possible definitions of collective interest in a space of interdependent actors.
Ultrasound-guided minimally invasive thread release of carpal tunnel: a cadaveric study
Authors: Jengojan Suren , Sorgo Philipp , Piacentini Alessio , Streicher Johannes , Albano Domenico , Kasprian Gregor , Moser Veith , Bodner Gerd 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Thread release of the carpal tunnel is the most recent of several minimally invasive ultrasound-guided carpal tunnel release techniques. The purpose of this article is to provide a step-by-step guide for minimally invasive, ultrasound-guided thread release of the carpal tunnel focused on transecting the transverse carpal ligament with minimal damage to the palmar aponeurosis on anatomical specimens.

Methods
Fifteen ultrasound-guided carpal tunnel thread releases were performed on the wrists of soft-embalmed anatomical specimens, which were dissected immediately after the intervention. The procedures were performed by two musculoskeletal radiologists with 25 and 8 years of experience, respectively, in interventional radiology. Ultrasound visibility, completeness of transection, and damage to surrounding structures were evaluated on a score from 1 to 3.

Results
We achieved a complete transection of the transverse carpal ligament in 11 of 15 interventions (73%) and an incomplete transection in the remaining four (27%). No neural or vascular structures were harmed. In two cases (13%), there was irrelevant damage to flexor tendons. The ultrasound visibility was rough in five specimens (33.3%), moderate in five (33.3%), and optimal in five (33.3%). Essential structures were delineated in all cases.

Conclusion
Thread release of the carpal tunnel leads to only minimal damage to skin, as well as structures within the carpal tunnel and the palmar aponeurosis, promising a low amount of postinterventional complications.

Relevance statement
Our study showed that minimally invasive ultrasound-guided thread release of the carpal tunnel is a feasible approach in the anatomical model. The results may provide a basis for further research and refinement of this technique.

Graphical abstract
Affect lability scale (ALS-18) and ADHD: incremental validity of depression, depression/anxiety and anger in the predictions of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity in adults
Authors: Gomez Rapson , Zarate Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Affect lability, or difficulties in emotional regulation, has been suggested to be a defining factor in ADHD presentations, with previous studies identifying a relationship between affect lability and ADHD. However, the relationship between different dimensions of lability and ADHD dimensions has not been explored. This study aims to examine whether the three affect lability dimensions– depression/elation (D), depression/anxiety (D/A), and anger (A)– have incremental validity in predicting ADHD symptoms of inattention (IA) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (HI). A total of 558 adults aged 18–65 (Mage = 32.75; 18.8% men) from the general community completed the ALS-18 and the Current Symptom Scale (CSS). A structural equation model (SEM) approach was used to evaluate incremental validity. For a comprehensive evaluation, three different SEM models corresponding to different orders of entry of the predictors were computed to assess the incremental validity of the three ADHD dimensions. Overall, the findings showed that both D/A and D provided comparable incremental validity in the predictions of IA and HI, whereas A did not predict IA and HI. Therefore, D/A and D are important affect lability dimensions for the prediction of ADHD. These results suggest that not all components of affect lability were equally important in explaining ADHD symptoms, indicating the need to consider specific dimensions of affect lability for a more accurate understanding and treatment outcomes. Future research should further explore these relationships, incorporating broader affect lability dimensions and larger samples to generalize findings more effectively.