bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Investigations on Existing Approaches to Marketing Effectiveness Evaluation
Authors: Skačkauskienė Ilona , Nekrošienė Julija 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Marketing effectiveness evaluation is an important issue for companies due to its significant impact on overall business performance and goals. Discussions on marketing effectiveness evaluation in academic and business societies are extensive. However, a unified and clear classification of marketing effectiveness evaluation approaches is missing. The purpose of this article is to conduct theoretical investigations about the existing approaches to marketing effectiveness evaluation. The review of academic literature was performed by selecting and reviewing the most relevant publications from two leading databases, Web of Science and Scopus. The most meaningful articles for the research area were chosen using a bibliometric analysis, and reviewed. The article discusses the evaluation of marketing effectiveness for different marketing initiatives, its impact on business, and challenges for organizations, and provides valuable insights into revealing trends in marketing effectiveness evaluation approaches. The presented classification of marketing effectiveness approaches is expected to contribute to a broader understanding of the research area.
From Socialism to Capitalism: Low-Skill-Biased Change in the Baltics during the Transition and Beyond
Authors: Christenko Aleksandr , Martinaitis Žilvinas , Krūminas Pijus 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
How did technological upgrading in the Baltics during the transition from planned to market economy affect labour? Existing academic literature would imply a skill-biased or polarising effect. However, we find that the opposite is likely true—technological upgrading predominantly benefited lower skilled workers. This is explained by an abundance of lower skilled labour, which fostered the usage of less advanced technologies that such workers could utilise. This article contributes to the discussion on the relationship between technology and labour by highlighting that technological upgrading may lead to low-skill-biased change.
Correlation of apelin with microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Shaik Johnbasha , Mahendran Kanumuru Balu , Sheela Durairajan , Murthy Vudaga Krishna , Santhi Tadi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the root cause of diabetic nephropathy, a condition affecting the kidneys (T2DM). The number of people who have type 2 diabetes is growing.

Aim. To evaluate the differences in Apelin 13 levels between patients with T2DM who had normal or microalbuminuria and those who had microalbuminuria, as well as between these patients and healthy controls. The intent is to better understand its link to microalbumin, haemoglobin A1c, insulin resistance (IR), and other standard measures.

Materials and methods. Sixty individuals with type 2 diabetes, aged 35 to 45, were selected, and their microalbuminuria and normoalbuminuria were compared. Thirty age-matched healthy volunteers were selected to serve as controls. The concentrations of Apelin 13 and insulin in the plasma were measured with ELISA kits. The Turbilatex assay was used to calculate microalbumin concentrations. Measurements of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) were made via high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had higher levels of the protein Apelin 13 in their plasma than did healthy controls. T2DM patients with microalbuminuria were different from normoalbuminuric patients in another important way. Correlations between plasma Apelin 13 and albuminuria, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR were all positive.

Conclusion. Considering that plasma Apelin 13 is a critical risk factor in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and frequently arises in the early stages of nephropathy, it may be useful for the assessment of vascular issues in type 2 diabetic patients.
Utilizing the Stability of Yield Parameters as a Technique to Select Salinity-Tolerant Wheat Genotypes
Authors: Stojšin Mirela Matković , Petrović Sofija , Jocković Bojan , Banjac Borislav , Zečević Veselinka , Stefanović Violeta Mickovski , Perišić Vladimir 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Considering that agricultural production needs to be adjusted to global climate changes, it is of particular importance to develop bread wheat germplasm with improved tolerance to abiotic stress conditions. Therefore, the aim of this research was to identify stable wheat genotypes with increased salinity stress tolerance. The experiment was conducted with 27 wheat genotypes, at two localities: Kumane (solonetz soil type) and Rimski Šančevi (chernozem soil type) during two growing seasons. A significant influence of genotype and environment, as well as G × E interaction, on the phenotypic expression of yield components was found. The factor of genotype had the largest effect on the variation in plant height (38.7%) and the smallest effect on the variation in the number of grains per spike (8.24%). The greatest influence of the environment (64.7%) and G × E interaction (17.44%) was found in the variation in the number of grains per spike. Salinity conditions contributed the most to the decrease in the number of grains per spike (30%), which is considered the best indicator of the impact of stress on the plant. The smallest decrease in the number of grains per spike was recorded in the genotypes Šumadija (16.0%) and Harmonija (18.8%). However, AMMI and PCA analyses showed that the genotype Harmonija is characterized by a higher value of the number of grains per spike and greater stability. The genotypes Renesansa, Jugoslavija, Bankut 1205, and Harmonija were characterized by the smallest reduction in plant height under salinity conditions, among which Jugoslavija and Renesansa exhibited high stability and lower trait values. The smallest reduction in spike length was found in the genotypes Jugoslavija and Šumadija, which exhibited the specific adaptability to salinity stress. In terms of salinity tolerance, the genotypes Šumadija, Harmonija, and Renesansa are considered valuable genetic resources in breeding programs.
Aristolochia baetica L. (Aristolochiaceae): New Records of Rare Medicinal Species from Northwestern Algeria
Authors: Mansouri Lahouaria Mounia , Kheloufi Abdenour , Boukhecha Mohamed 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Based on vegetation surveys made in 2020 and 2021, the present paper reports the first records of Andalusian pipevine - Aristolochia baetica L. (Aristolochiaceae) in Oran (northwestern Algeria). This species has been previously recorded only in Sidi Bel Abbès and Tlemcen (Algeria). Therefore, this statement can be considered as an addition to the flora of Algeria. The species was found in 10 out of 26 municipalities from the city of Oran. A distribution map of these new records is included. The paper describes its reproduction, ecology, and phenology. Photographs of different plant organs at different seasons of the year are also provided for this poorly known species. The recorded populations were very small in size (<3 populations per municipality) and in the number of individuals (<5 ind.). Conservation efforts may be necessary to protect and increase the population size of this species.
Research on the Low Carbon of GFD: From the Perspective of GL Based on Environmental Protection
Authors: Niu Min , Xu Dan-Dan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Enhancing the low-carbon effect of green finance development (GFD) is an effective way for China to accelerate the comprehensive deepening of supply side structural reform, better realise the high-quality development of green economy and better protect the environment. Therefore, based on the green technology innovation theory and endogenous growth theory, from the four dimensions of green innovation (GI) in the GLOBIO model, the unbalanced panel data of 8976 manufacturing listed companies from 2009 to 2021 were used. This paper deeply explores the low-carbon effect of GI on the development of green finance (GF) in China’s manufacturing industry. The results show that: on the whole, GI based on environmental protection has a significant incentive effect on the low-carbon effect of GFD. Compared with green material innovation and green process innovation, green product design innovation and green equipment innovation have more incentive effect. Further analysis shows that green product design innovation and green equipment innovation can produce incremental effect on the low-carbon effect of green financial development through green material innovation. The conclusion not only provides empirical support for green technology innovation theory and endogenous growth theory, but also provides effective evidence for the path of GF to achieve low-carbon development.
Research on the Influence of External Search Strategy on Enterprise Innovation
Authors: Li Zhengrui , Zhang Kaiyun , Dang Jian , Zheng Siqi , Wang Rui , Wang Zerui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Based on the matching perspective, an analytical framework including external search strategy, organisational improvisation and structural flexibility is established. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of external search strategy on firm innovation. The results show that, first, market information search has a positive impact on innovation quality and innovation speed. Secondly, the influence of technical knowledge search on innovation quality is moderated by organisational improvisation and structural flexibility. Thirdly, technical knowledge search has a positive impact on the innovation quality of enterprises. Fourthly, technical knowledge search has a positive impact on the innovation speed of enterprises.
SSD-Based Carton Packaging Quality Defect Detection System for the Logistics Supply Chain
Authors: Song Bing , Wang Yan , Lou Li-Ping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the deepening of green and sustainable development and the rapid development of the social economy, the modern logistics industry has also developed to an unprecedented level. In the logistics supply chain, due to the high value of the items inside the arrival carton, appearance inspection must be carried out before warehousing. However, manual inspection is slow and ineffective, resulting in the waste of manpower and packaging carton resources, which is not conducive to sustainable development. To address the above problems, this paper designs a logistics supply chain carton packaging quality defect detection system based on improved Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) in the context of green sustainable development. The Implicit Feature Pyramid Network (IFPN) is introduced into SSD to improve the feature extraction ability of the model; the multiscale attention mechanism is introduced to collect more feature information. The experiment shows that the mAP and FPS of the system on the self-built data set reach 0.9662 and 36 respectively, which can realise the detection of the appearance defects of logistics cartons and help promote green sustainable development.
Perception, Engagement and Satisfaction of English Language Learners with Online Learning During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Salihagic Selma , Akay Ceylani 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Schools around the world have always been striving to modernize and digitalize the educational process. This is especially true for English language classes where English teachers tend to incorporate online assignments, activities, and games, depending on the topic of the lesson. However, many would still rely heavily on traditional teaching methods and paper based tests and feedback. Covid-19 pandemic enforced the digitalization process practically overnight, forcing learners and educators to utilize exclusively online learning platforms and tools as studying in person was impossible. Learners around the world had to adjust to new learning conditions and learn in a way that is different from what they were used to. Thus, this paper attempts to provide a general insight into the perception of students in two international schools towards this transition to online learning, their participation and engagement, as well as satisfaction with the learning outcomes in English language.
Myth or Reality: Digital Literacy Programme Implementation in Primary Special Schools in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Omboto Charles Magwari , Kanga Anne , Njageh Ann Rita K. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Information Communication Technology (ICT) enhances accessibility, efficiency, and quality of education. This study aimed to examine the status of ICT resources in teaching and learning in public primary special schools in Nairobi County, Kenya. Questionnaires, interviews, observation schedules, and manuals for document analysis were used to collect data from respondents. Research shows that most special schools have regular ICT resources provided by digital literacy programs (DLP), such as laptops and tablets. However, there is limited investment in specialized ICT resources to support the teaching and learning of children with disabilities and special educational needs. Research also shows that ICT resources are limited because most of the devices are kept by school administrators or teachers who do not know how to use them. The study concludes that limited investment in assistive and/or adaptive digital technologies and devices will harm the attainment of ICT skills as a fundamental skill by children with disabilities in special schools and special needs units. The study recommends the establishment of a technical committee on design innovation and equipment technology. This will complement DLP's efforts in providing resources for special schools to make better use of ICT for students with disabilities and special educational needs.
Some Reflections on Reference in the Teaching of French as a Foreign Language Context
Authors: Tsaknaki Olympia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Grammatical and lexical cohesion are necessary conditions to guarantee a text’s coherence (Halliday and Hasan 1976). Grammatical cohesion is classified into four types of relation: reference, conjunction, substitution, and ellipsis. This study aims to investigate the use of the cohesive device of reference in written discourse produced by users/learners of French as a foreign language, to explore the kind of references they prefer and to highlight the difficulties they come across. Our study is based on a learner corpus composed of written productions of Greek-speaking users/learners of French who participated in National Foreign Language Exam System (Κρατικό Πιστοποιητικό Γλωσσομάθειας, ΚΠΓ). We used a sample of texts produced by candidates who participated in the examination willing to be certified at the levels B (Independent user) and C (Proficient user) of language proficiency according to the 6-level scale of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (Council of Europe 2001).
Could the Issuance of CBDC Reduce the Likelihood of Banking Panic?1
Authors: Souissi Soraya Ben , Nabi Mahmoud Sami 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper delves into the relationship between the issuance of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC) and the likelihood of banking panic. The issuance of CBDC acts as a disturbing shock that incentivizes depositors to withdraw all/part of their deposits from the commercial banks, to swap it for CBDC which are offered by the central bank. We determine a variety of tools that central banks can use in order for the issuance of CBDC to act as a stabilizing factor of the banking system (by reducing the likelihood of banking panic).
Can Credit Related Macroprudential Instruments Be Effective in Reducing the Correlation Between Economic and Credit Growth? Cross-Country Evidence
Authors: Ganić Mehmed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The study investigates effectiveness of selected credit related macro prudential instruments in reducing the correlation between economic and credit growth in European emerging countries between 2000 and 2017. Two GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) estimators are used to empirically investigate the validity of tightening policy actions. Although greater attention to MMPs is found in both European regions the study finds some differences as well. On the level of full sample, the findings confirm our expectation about effectiveness of the selected credit related macroprudential instruments in reducing credit growth.
More specifically, the European transition countries proved to be more successful in using macroprudential tools in curbing credit growth than European post-transition countries. It is confirmed that all three employed credit related macroprudential instruments play a key role in curbing credit growth in the expansive stage of business cycle in the European transition countries. It means that a lower economic growth leads to lower effects of credit related macroprudential instruments on credit growth. However, empirical evidence from European post-transition countries shows mixed results followed by the lack of robustness of economic results, but with expected theoretical sign. In fact, introduction of CG limits and FC limits reduce the correlation between GDP growth and credit growth only in one step S-GMM estimator, while a variable of caps on debt-to-income ratio (DTI) not.
Modeling which Factors Impact Interest Rates
Authors: Wang Guizhou , Hausken Kjell 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Taylor (1993) rule for determining interest rates is generalized to account for three additional variables: The money supply, money velocity, and the unemployment rate. Thus, five parameters, i.e. weights assigned to the deviation in the inflation rate, the deviation in real GDP (Gross Domestic Product), the deviation in money supply, the deviation in the money velocity, and the deviation in unemployment rate, are introduced and estimated. The article explores and tests various combinations of the Taylor rule, the Quantity Equation (Friedman, 1970), and the Phillips (1958) curve. The monthly US January 1, 1959 to March 31, 2022 data are adopted to test the optimal parameter values. Estimating the parameters with the least squares method gives better results than the Taylor rule. The optimal parameter values involve a relatively high weight to the deviation in unemployment rate, and moderate weights are assigned to the deviation in the inflation rate, the deviation in real GDP, the deviation in money supply, and the deviation in the money velocity. The corresponding sum of squares decreases by 42.95% when compared with the Taylor rule.
Graduate Employability: An Update on Behaviours Prized by Employers
Authors: Biggs David 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
There is a strong need for MSc occupational psychology courses to produce employable graduates. However, many universities and students want to know what are the skills and behaviours needed by employers? To answer this question, two job analyses were completed in a multinational management consultancy and in a boutique firm specialising in assessment and development centres (Biggs, 2010). This research highlighted eight competencies that could be developed by students making them more employable. Many students have used this competency framework, not only in our successful evening-based MSc in Occupational Psychology at Gloucestershire, but at other universities and on other degrees. As such there was a call by others to ensure that the research completed over a decade ago still had currency today and that the eight consultancy competency framework was still valid. This paper sets out an update to that original research demonstrating that the framework is still relevant today.
The Use of Marketing Indicators in Poland — Towards Evidence-Based Management
Authors: Kozielski Robert , Wilczewska Donata 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The growing trend of evidence-based management (EBM) in recent years is rooted in praxeology, but also in the concept of evidence-based practice (EBP). This concept is based on the belief that all decisions and actions should be based on the most current and best available knowledge, including knowledge and information derived from research. This is particularly true for marketing decisions. The primary medium of information in marketing is marketing metrics. Their extensive use enables making effective decisions. The purpose of the article is to identify the scope of usage of marketing metrics on the Polish market as part of an EBM approach. The paper is based on the survey conducted on a sample of 89 marketing managers in November 2022 among participants and graduates of The Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) programmes. The findings indicate a fairly wide range of indicators used and their balanced nature, with a slight predominance of strategic and financial indicators and an increase in the importance of online metrics at the same time.
The Effect of Information Communication Technology Readiness and Knowledge Management on Entrepreneurial Strategic Orientation and its Implications on Firm Performance
Authors: Jayanagara Oscar , Chen Kelly Azaryas 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
This research aims to investigate the effect of the information communication technology readiness and knowledge management on entrepreneurial strategic orientation and their implication to firm performance. The methodology of this research was explanatory research with hypothesis testing for examining seven hypotheses. The study populations were small medium enterprises located in DKI Jakarta, with a sample size of 392 SMEs. Data for this study were collected using questionnaires, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed for data analysis. The results of this research were as follows: (1) Information communication technology readiness positively and significantly influenced entrepreneurial strategic orientation; (2) knowledge management positively and significantly influenced entrepreneurial strategic orientation; (3) information communication technology readiness and knowledge management positively and significantly influenced entrepreneurial strategic orientation; (4) information communication technology readiness positively and significantly influenced firm performance; (5) knowledge management positively and significantly influenced firm performance; (6) entrepreneurial strategic orientation positively and significantly influenced firm performance; and (7) information communication technology readiness, knowledge management, and entrepreneurial strategic orientation positively and significantly influenced firm performance. The mediating effect of entrepreneurial strategic orientation increased the effects of information communication technology readiness and knowledge management on firm performance. The results of this research indicate that the effect of information communication technology readiness and knowledge management on entrepreneurial strategic orientation, information communication technology readiness, and knowledge management on entrepreneurial strategic orientation on firm performance of SMEs of Jakarta. All of seven hypotheses that are proposed in this research can be accepted. Information communication technology readiness as an independent variable was the strongest influence on entrepreneurial strategic orientation, and entrepreneurial strategic orientation was the strongest influence on firm performance. This dissertation also discusses the findings and limitations, theoretical and practical contribution, theoretical and managerial implications of the study, and suggestions for future research.