bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decline in positive future orientations among adolescents during covid‐19: The role of socioeconomic status, parental support, and sense of control
Authors: Fakkel Matthijs , Peeters Margot , Branje Susan , Stevens Gonneke W. J. M. , Vollebergh Wilma A. M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionBefore coronavirus disease (covid‐19), adolescents from a lower socioeconomic status (SES) background tend to have less positive future orientations, receive less parental support, and have a weaker sense of control than adolescents from a higher SES background. The covid‐19 pandemic has potentially increased the socioeconomic gaps in positive future orientations, parental support, and sense of control among adolescents who are currently in vocational education. As societies are aiming to return back to precovid norms, certain groups of adolescents might require more attention for ensuring a stable future than others.MethodsTwo‐wave questionnaire data of 689 Dutch adolescents (Mage = 17.8; 56% female) from the Youth Got Talent project was analyzed. Latent Change Score models are a relatively novel approach that allows two‐wave data to estimate associations between precovid predictor variables and changes in outcome variables from before to during covid‐19 (e.g., SES, positive future orientations, parental support, and sense of control). Analyses were preregistered.ResultsThe precovid socioeconomic differences in adolescent's positive future orientations and sense of control remained stable during covid‐19, whereas the socioeconomic difference in parental support decreased during covid‐19. A decline in parental support, an increase in sense of control, and more covid‐19 hardships were associated with an increase in future orientations.ConclusionThe covid‐19 situation has not substantially increased socioeconomic differences in positive future orientations and sense of control, but did decrease socioeconomic differences in parental support among adolescents. Short‐term policies should aim to facilitate parental support and positive future orientations to all adolescents who experienced a decline, while also long‐term focusing on the more consistent socioeconomic difference in sense of control among adolescents.
Injectable pulverized electrospun poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) fibers improve human adipose tissue engraftment and volume retention
Authors: Das Devleena , Lawrence William R. , Diaz‐Starokozheva Ludmila , Salazar‐Puerta Ana I. , Ott Neil , Goebel Erin R. , Damughatla Abhishek , Vidal Pablo , Gallentine Summer , Moore Jordan T. , Kayuha Douglas , Mendonca Natalia C. , Albert Jared B. , Houser Robert , Johnson Jed , Powell Heather , Higuita‐Castro Natalia , Stanford Kristin I. , Gallego‐Perez Daniel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAutologous adipose tissue is commonly used for tissue engraftment for the purposes of soft tissue reconstruction due to its relative abundance in the human body and ease of acquisition using liposuction methods. This has led to the adoption of autologous adipose engraftment procedures that allow for the injection of adipose tissues to be used as a “filler” for correcting cosmetic defects and deformities in soft tissues. However, the clinical use of such methods has several limitations, including high resorption rates and poor cell survivability, which lead to low graft volume retention and inconsistent outcomes. Here, we describe a novel application of milled electrospun poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) fibers, which can be co‐injected with adipose tissue to improve engraftment outcomes. These PLGA fibers had no significant negative impact on the viability of adipocytes in vitro and did not elicit long‐term proinflammatory responses in vivo. Furthermore, co‐delivery of human adipose tissue with pulverized electrospun PLGA fibers led to significant improvements in reperfusion, vascularity, and retention of graft volume compared to injections of adipose tissue alone. Taken together, the use of milled electrospun fibers to enhance autologous adipose engraftment techniques represents a novel approach for improving upon the shortcomings of such methods.
Engineering a multicompartment in vitro model for dorsal root ganglia phenotypic assessment
Authors: Caparaso Sydney M. , Redwine Adan L. , Wachs Rebecca A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite the significant global prevalence of chronic pain, current methods to identify pain therapeutics often fail translation to the clinic. Phenotypic screening platforms rely on modeling and assessing key pathologies relevant to chronic pain, improving predictive capability. Patients with chronic pain often present with sensitization of primary sensory neurons (that extend from dorsal root ganglia [DRG]). During neuronal sensitization, painful nociceptors display lowered stimulation thresholds. To model neuronal excitability, it is necessary to maintain three key anatomical features of DRGs to have a physiologically relevant platform: (1) isolation between DRG cell bodies and neurons, (2) 3D platform to preserve cell–cell and cell‐matrix interactions, and (3) presence of native non‐neuronal support cells, including Schwann cells and satellite glial cells. Currently, no culture platforms maintain the three anatomical features of DRGs. Herein, we demonstrate an engineered 3D multicompartment device that isolates DRG cell bodies and neurites and maintains native support cells. We observed neurite growth into isolated compartments from the DRG using two formulations of collagen, hyaluronic acid, and laminin‐based hydrogels. Further, we characterized the rheological, gelation and diffusivity properties of the two hydrogel formulations and found the mechanical properties mimic native neuronal tissue. Importantly, we successfully limited fluidic diffusion between the DRG and neurite compartment for up to 72 h, suggesting physiological relevance. Lastly, we developed a platform with the capability of phenotypic assessment of neuronal excitability using calcium imaging. Ultimately, our culture platform can screen neuronal excitability, providing a more translational and predictive system to identify novel pain therapeutics to treat chronic pain.
Biochar‐C‐TETA as a superior adsorbent to acid yellow 17 dye from water: isothermal and kinetic studies
Authors: Eleryan Ahmed , Hassaan Mohamed A , Aigbe Uyiosa O , Ukhurebor Kingsley E , Onyancha Robert B , Kusuma Heri S , El‐Nemr Mohamed A , Ragab Safaa , El Nemr Ahmed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdsorbents from local materials with high adsorption capacity (Qm) are strongly needed. In this study, mandarin peels (MP) as a local waste material were refluxed in 80% sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to produce a novel biochar, which was oxidized by boiling in 50% hydrogen perioxide (H2O2) and then aminated via refluxing in tetraacetic acid (TETA) to produce mandarin biochar‐C‐TETA (MBCT). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermgravimetric analysis (TGA) studied various characterizations of MBCT. The optimal pH for AY17 dye absorption was discovered to be 1.5 using 0.75 g L−1 MBCT, the maximum absorption capacity predicted for the MBCT was 1250 mg g−1. The high new absorption peaks at 1439.89 and 1362.38 cm−1 in MBCT imply that amino groups were successfully generated onto the surface of MBCT due to TETA treatment. The experimental data were examined using the Langmuir (LNR) and Freundlich (FRH) isotherm models. The FRH best explained the experimental MBCT data. The pseudo‐first‐order (PFOM) and pseudo‐second‐order (PSOM) models, intraparticle diffusion (INDM) and film diffusion (FDM) models were applied to calculate the kinetic data. The PFOM rate model ideally defined the absorption of AY17 dye to MBCT with a linear regression coefficient (R2 > 0.99). The key mechanism for absorbing AY17 dye molecules to MBCT was chemisorption, which entails the distribution or exchange of electrons between the absorbent and the dye due to the valency force. According to the findings, the novel MBCT adsorbent had a remarkable adsorption capacity (Qm = 1250 mg g−1) and could be reused without losing its absorption effectiveness. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Epidemiological characteristics of norovirus infection in pediatric patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Li Jiabin , Wang Binghan , He Xinyu , Li Ziqiao , Sun Lidan , Li Wei , Bai Guannan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo assess the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus infection. We included 5564 patients under the age of 18 years who visited the hospital in which the study took place from December 2020 to November 2022 with a primary diagnosis of acute diarrhea. Clinical information was extracted from the electronic health record system. We calculated the prevalence of norovirus infection by age, gender, season, year, and type of patients. A nonlinear association between age and prevalence rates was assessed using a restricted cubic spline regression model. A total of 5564 patients completed the test for human norovirus, among whom 1442 (25.9%) tested positive. The prevalence of norovirus infection was significantly lower in 2022 than in 2021 (35.9% vs. 53.7%, p < 0.001), and the highest prevalence was observed in winter (35.1%) and then followed by autumn (27.5%). Regarding the age pattern, the highest rate was seen in children aged 1–3 years (37.5%). Children at age 1.5 years may have the highest risk of having norovirus infection (Pnonlinear < 0.001). The prevalence of norovirus infection of norovirus during the COVID‐19 pandemic was similar to that before the pandemic shown in literatures. A relatively high rate was observed in cool seasons and in younger children (i.e., 1–3 years).
Reliability assessment of the 2018 classification case definitions of peri‐implant health, peri‐implant mucositis, and peri‐implantitis
Authors: Marini Lorenzo , Tomasi Cristiano , Gianserra Rodolfo , Graziani Filippo , Landi Luca , Merli Mauro , Nibali Luigi , Roccuzzo Mario , Sforza Nicola M. , Tonetti Maurizio S. , Deli Federico , Papi Piero , Murro Bianca Di , Rojas Mariana A. , Pilloni Andrea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and accuracy in the assignment of the case definitions of peri‐implant health and diseases according to the 2018 Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐implant Diseases and Conditions.MethodsTen undergraduate students, 10 general dentists, and 10 experts in implant dentistry participated in this study. All examiners were provided with clinical and radiographic documentation of 25 dental implants. Eleven out the 25 cases were also accompanied by baseline readings. Examiners were asked to define all cases using the 2018 classification case definitions. Reliability among examiners was evaluated using the Fleiss kappa statistic. Accuracy was estimated using percentage of complete agreement and quadratic weighted kappa for pairwise comparisons between each rater and a gold standard diagnosis.ResultsThe Fleiss kappa was 0.50 (95% CI: 0.48 to 0.51) and the mean quadratic weighted kappa value was 0.544. Complete agreement with the gold standard diagnosis was achieved in 59.8% of the cases. Expertise in implantology affected accuracy positively (p < 0.001) while the absence of baseline readings affected it negatively (p < 0.001).ConclusionBoth reliability and accuracy in assigning case definitions to dental implants according to the 2018 classification were mostly moderate. Some difficulties arose in the presence of specific challenging scenarios.
Treatment of comorbid sleep disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder in U.S. active duty military personnel: A pilot randomized clinical trial
Authors: Taylor Daniel J. , Pruiksma Kristi E. , Mintz Jim , Slavish Danica C. , Wardle‐Pinkston Sophie , Dietch Jessica R. , Dondanville Katherine A. , Young‐McCaughan Stacey , Nicholson Karin L. , Litz Brett T. , Keane Terence M. , Peterson Alan L. , Resick Patricia A. ,   Consortium to Alleviate PTSD
Published: June 2023

AbstractInsomnia and nightmares are common in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They are associated with worse psychological and physical health and worse PTSD treatment outcomes. In addition, they are resistant to PTSD treatments, which do not typically address sleep disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and nightmares (CBT‐I&N) and cognitive processing therapy (CPT) for PTSD are first‐line treatments, but limited evidence exists guiding the treatment of individuals with all three disorders. The current study randomized U.S. military personnel (N = 93) to one of three conditions: CBT‐I&N delivered before CPT, CBT‐I&N delivered after CPT, or CPT alone; all groups received 18 sessions. Across groups, participants demonstrated significantly improved PTSD symptoms. Because the study was terminated prematurely due to challenges with recruitment and retention, it was underpowered to answer the initially intended research questions. Nonetheless, statistical findings and relevant clinically meaningful changes were observed. Compared to participants who received CPT alone, those who received CBT‐I&N and CPT, regardless of sequencing, demonstrated larger improvements in PTSD symptoms, d = −0.36; insomnia, d = −0.77; sleep efficiency, d = 0.62; and nightmares, d = −.53. Compared to participants who received CBT‐I&N delivered before CPT, those who received CBT‐I&N delivered after CPT demonstrated larger improvements in PTSD symptoms, d = 0.48, and sleep efficiency, d = −0.44. This pilot study suggests that treating comorbid insomnia, nightmares, and PTSD symptoms results in clinically meaningful advantages in improvement for all three concerns compared to treating PTSD alone.
Anticancer effects of thymoquinone in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A scoping review
Authors: Kwan Kera , Han Albert Y. , Mukdad Laith , Barragan Frida , Selim Omar , Alhiyari Yazeed , St. John Maie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThymoquinone (TQ), the active constituent of Nigella sativa, has been shown to have anticancer effects in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This review aims to outline the properties of TQ, the known drivers in HNSCC formation, and summarize the anticancer effects of TQ in SCC.Data SourcesThree databases (PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar) were queried for the key words “thymoquinone squamous cell carcinoma.”Review MethodsPublications that were not original research and publications that did not have full‐text available for review were excluded.ResultsSixteen research articles met the inclusion criteria. Our review demonstrates that TQ‐induced cytotoxicity is associated with increased expression and activity of the tumor suppressor p53, proapoptotic proteins Bax and caspases, as well as decreased expression and activity of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl‐2 and Mdm2. Additionally, TQ modulates cell‐survival pathways such as the PI3k/Akt pathway. TQ synergizes with therapeutics including cisplatin and radiation. Early TQ administration may prevent carcinogenesis via upregulation of antioxidant enzymes, and TQ administration in the presence of cancer can result in disease mitigation via induction of oxidative stress.ConclusionTQ acts as an upregulator of proapoptotic pathways and downregulator of antiapoptotic pathways, modulates the oxidative stress balance in tumor development, and works synergistically alongside other chemotherapeutics to increase cytotoxicity. TQ has the potential to prevent carcinogenesis in patients who are at high‐risk for SCC and adjuvant treatment for SCC patients undergoing conventional treatments. Future studies should aim to identify specific populations in which TQ's effects would be the most beneficial.Level of EvidenceNot available.
Phosphorus and Silicon‐Based Macromolecules as Degradable Biomedical Polymers
Authors: Haudum Stephan , Strasser Paul , Teasdale Ian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSynthetic polymers are indispensable in biomedical applications because they can be fabricated with consistent and reproducible properties, facile scalability, and customizable functionality to perform diverse tasks. However, currently available synthetic polymers have limitations, most notably when timely biodegradation is required. Despite there being, in principle, an entire periodic table to choose from, with the obvious exception of silicones, nearly all known synthetic polymers are combinations of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in the main chain. Expanding this to main‐group heteroatoms can open the way to novel material properties. Herein the authors report on research to incorporate the chemically versatile and abundant silicon and phosphorus into polymers to induce cleavability into the polymer main chain. Less stable polymers, which degrade in a timely manner in mild biological environments, have considerable potential in biomedical applications. Herein the basic chemistry behind these materials is described and some recent studies into their medical applications are highlighted.
Laboratory studies of fish entrainment sampling using a screw centrifugal impeller pump
Authors: White Michael S. , Patrick Paul H. , Mason Elaine , Wiemann Nichole , Tetreault Joe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Regulatory legislation in both the United States and Canada requires water users with medium to high intake volumes to monitor entrainment losses to determine effects and to assess potential mitigation strategies to reduce harm to fish. Recent studies have recommended the use of both increased sampling frequency and sampling volume to characterize fish entrainment for large power plants on the Great Lakes. There is little doubt that increasing the flow rate and volume of water collected for sampling reduces the uncertainty in estimates of annual entrainment. Depending on the type of pump and the pumping flow rate used for entrainment sampling, considerable damage to fish larvae can occur. A screw-type centrifugal pump has many qualities that make it ideal for entrainment sampling, but it has not yet been used as a sampling device for fish entrainment applications at power plants or other large industrial water users. The objective of this study was to determine mortality of entrainable fish eggs and larvae due to passage through a screw-type centrifugal pump.

Methods
In a laboratory setting, Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush eggs and larvae, Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis eggs, and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss juveniles were passed through a screw-type centrifugal pump at three treatment flow rates: 39.5, 47.3, and 59.1 m3/h. Fish and eggs were monitored for mortality posttreatment and again at 24 and 48 h.

Result
Across treatments, very few mortalities were observed. Species specific moralities were four larval Lake Trout, one Lake Whitefish egg, and one juvenile Rainbow Trout. No mortality was observed for Lake Trout eggs.

Conclusion
The present study identified high egg and larval survival (≥99%) after passage through a screw-type centrifugal pump. High survival reduces error associated with identification and counting of entrained organisms, which provides more accurate estimates of annual entrainment losses.
Topology optimization of thermo‐elastic structures with temperature‐dependent material properties under large temperature gradient
Authors: Tang Lei , Gao Tong , Zhang Weitao , Zeng Jun , Zhang Weihong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, high temperature and large temperature gradient are addressed for the first time in the topology optimization of thermo‐elastic structures. The conventional assumption of constant material properties (CMPs) is broken through with the full consideration of temperature‐dependent material properties (TDMPs) including thermal conductivity, elastic tensor, and coefficient of thermal expansion. Nonlinear heat conduction is thus implemented to give varying temperature fields in thermoelasticity. The maximum displacement of the specified region is taken as the objective function in the formulation of the optimization problem. The Kreisselmeier‐Steinhauser (KS) function is employed to approximate the regional maximum displacement/temperature. Corresponding sensitivity analyses, which are carried out using the adjoint method, theoretically reveal how TDMPs affect the thermo‐elastic optimization problem. Typical numerical examples are investigated to validate the proposed approach. The results show that the use of TDMPs produces optimized structures of high fidelity with displacements precisely predicted and temperature constraints rigorously satisfied under large temperature gradient, while thermo‐elastic analysis and optimization with CMPs lead to undesirable designs with significant inaccuracy.
Expanded use of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: Evidence beyond heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Schoenborn Erika Michelle , Skersick Preston Trudell , Thrasher Claire Maxine , Page Robert L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFollowing the results observed in the DAPA‐HF trial and subsequent FDA approval of dapagliflozin in patients living with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), numerous trials quickly began to assess the effects of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in a wide range of cardiovascular (CV) conditions. Since the publication of those findings, multiple SGLT2i have demonstrated benefit in patients regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)—allowing the drug class to establish itself within the first line of guideline‐directed medication therapy. Although the full mechanistic properties of SGLT2i in heart failure (HF) have yet to be fully understood, benefits in other disease states have continued to emerge over the past decade. This review summarizes the findings of 14 clinical trials investigating the use of SGLT2i in various CV disease states, with a special focus on HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and acute decompensated HF (ADHF). Additionally, studies assessing the CV‐related mechanisms, cost‐effectiveness, and exploratory effects of dual SGLT1/2 blockade are described. A review of select ongoing trials has also been incorporated to further characterize the research landscape with this medication class. The aim of this review is to serve as a comprehensive tool for healthcare providers to better understand how this class of diabetes medications established its place in the treatment of HF.
Plasma polymerization of biogenic precursors
Authors: Loesch‐Zhang Amelia , Geissler Andreas , Biesalski Markus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPlasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition is a highly promising tool for coating deposition due to its versatility, tunability, low chemical consumption, and cost‐effectiveness, with an increasing scope of deposition methods at both low and atmospheric pressure. Adhering to green chemistry principles, biobased precursors have recently shifted into the focus of research interests. This review gives an overview of the main biogenic substance classes that have been used for the deposition of plasma polymer coatings, including natural oils, terpenes, enzymes, and lactic acid‐based precursors. The common feature of these precursors is not only their biogenic origin, but additionally the manifold properties of the resulting plasma‐deposited thin films, ranging from antimicrobial properties to tunable surface‐wetting characteristics, electrical conductivity, or biodegradability. This combination of unique features makes plasma‐derived polymers based on natural precursors immensely attractive for manifold applications.