bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production of high-energy 6-Ah-level Li | |LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2 multi-layer pouch cells via negative electrode protective layer coating strategy
Authors: Feng Yangyang , Li Yong , Lin Jing , Wu Huyue , Zhu Lei , Zhang Xiang , Zhang Linlin , Sun Chuan-Fu , Wu Maoxiang , Wang Yaobing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStable lithium metal negative electrodes are desirable to produce high-energy batteries. However, when practical testing conditions are applied, lithium metal is unstable during battery cycling. Here, we propose poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate-co-sodium benzenesulfonate) (PHS) as negative electrode protective layer. The PHS contains soft poly (2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) and poly(sodium p-styrene sulfonate), which improve electrode flexibility, connection with the Cu current collector and transport of Li ions. Transmission electron cryomicroscopy measurements reveal that PHS induces the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase with a fluorinated rigid and crystalline internal structure. Furthermore, theoretical calculations suggest that the -SO3- group of poly(sodium p-styrene sulfonate) promotes Li-ion motion towards interchain migration through cation-dipole interaction, thus, enabling uniform Li-ion diffusion. Electrochemical measurements of Li | |PHS-coated-Cu coin cells demonstrate an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.46% at 1 mA/cm2, 6 mAh/cm2 and 25 °C. Moreover, when the PHS-coated Li metal negative electrode is paired with a high-areal-capacity LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2-based positive electrode in multi-layer pouch cell configuration, the battery delivers an initial capacity of 6.86 Ah (corresponding to a specific energy of 489.7 Wh/kg) and, a 91.1% discharge capacity retention after 150 cycles at 2.5 mA/cm2, 25 °C and 172 kPa.
The use of double-mode RR Lyrae stars as robust distance and metallicity indicators
Authors: Chen Xiaodian , Zhang Jianxing , Wang Shu , Deng Licai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRR Lyrae stars are one of the primary distance indicators for old stellar populations such as globular clusters, dwarf galaxies and galaxies. Typically, fundamental-mode RR Lyr stars are used for distance measurements, and their accuracy is strongly limited by the dependence of absolute magnitudes on metallicity, in both the optical and infrared bands. Here, we report the discovery of a period–(period ratio)–metallicity relation for double-mode RR Lyr stars, which can predict metallicity as accurately as the low-resolution spectra. With theoretical and observational evidence, we propose that the period–luminosity relation of double-mode RR Lyr stars is not affected by the metallicity. Combining the Large Magellanic Cloud distance and Gaia parallaxes, we calibrate the zero point of the period–luminosity relation to an error of 0.022 mag, which means that in the best case double-mode RR Lyr stars can anchor galaxy distances to an accuracy of 1.0%. For four globular clusters and two dwarf galaxies, we obtain distances using double-mode RR Lyr stars with a distance accuracy of 2–3% and 1–2%, respectively. With future telescopes such as the China Space Station Telescope and the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, double-mode RR Lyr stars will be established as an independent distance ladder in the near-field universe.
No thick carbon dioxide atmosphere on the rocky exoplanet TRAPPIST-1 c
Authors: Zieba Sebastian , Kreidberg Laura , Ducrot Elsa , Gillon Michaël , Morley Caroline , Schaefer Laura , Tamburo Patrick , Koll Daniel D. B. , Lyu Xintong , Acuña Lorena , Agol Eric , Iyer Aishwarya R. , Hu Renyu , Lincowski Andrew P. , Meadows Victoria S. , Selsis Franck , Bolmont Emeline , Mandell Avi M. , Suissa Gabrielle 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSeven rocky planets orbit the nearby dwarf star TRAPPIST-1, providing a unique opportunity to search for atmospheres on small planets outside the Solar System1. Thanks to the recent launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), possible atmospheric constituents such as carbon dioxide (CO2) are now detectable2,3. Recent JWST observations of the innermost planet TRAPPIST-1 b showed that it is most probably a bare rock without any CO2 in its atmosphere4. Here we report the detection of thermal emission from the dayside of TRAPPIST-1 c with the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) on JWST at 15 µm. We measure a planet-to-star flux ratio of fp/f⁎ = 421 ± 94 parts per million (ppm), which corresponds to an inferred dayside brightness temperature of 380 ± 31 K. This high dayside temperature disfavours a thick, CO2-rich atmosphere on the planet. The data rule out cloud-free O2/CO2 mixtures with surface pressures ranging from 10 bar (with 10 ppm CO2) to 0.1 bar (pure CO2). A Venus-analogue atmosphere with sulfuric acid clouds is also disfavoured at 2.6σ confidence. Thinner atmospheres or bare-rock surfaces are consistent with our measured planet-to-star flux ratio. The absence of a thick, CO2-rich atmosphere on TRAPPIST-1 c suggests a relatively volatile-poor formation history, with less than $${9.5}_{-2.3}^{+7.5}$$

9.5

−
2.3

+
7.5

Earth oceans of water. If all planets in the system formed in the same way, this would indicate a limited reservoir of volatiles for the potentially habitable planets in the system.
Control and coding of pupil size by hypothalamic orexin neurons
Authors: Grujic Nikola , Tesmer Alexander , Bracey Ed , Peleg-Raibstein Daria , Burdakov Denis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBrain orexin (hypocretin) neurons are implicated in sleep–wake switching and reward-seeking but their roles in rapid arousal dynamics and reward perception are unclear. Here, cell-specific stimulation, deletion and in vivo recordings revealed strong correlative and causal links between pupil dilation—a quantitative arousal marker—and orexin cell activity. Coding of arousal and reward was distributed across orexin cells, indicating that they specialize in rapid, multiplexed communication of momentary arousal and reward states.
Reappraising the evolutionary history of the largest known gecko, the presumably extinct Hoplodactylus delcourti, via high-throughput sequencing of archival DNA
Authors: Heinicke Matthew P. , Nielsen Stuart V. , Bauer Aaron M. , Kelly Ryan , Geneva Anthony J. , Daza Juan D. , Keating Shannon E. , Gamble Tony 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHoplodactylus delcourtiis a presumably extinct species of diplodactylid gecko known only from a single specimen of unknown provenance. It is by far the largest known gekkotan, approximately 50% longer than the next largest-known species. It has been considered a member of the New Zealand endemic genusHoplodactylusbased on external morphological features including shared toe pad structure. We obtained DNA from a bone sample of the only known specimen to generate high-throughput sequence data suitable for phylogenetic analysis of its evolutionary history. Complementary sequence data were obtained from a broad sample of diplodactylid geckos. Our results indicate that the species is not most closely related to extantHoplodactylusor any other New Zealand gecko. Instead, it is a member of a clade whose living species are endemic to New Caledonia. Phylogenetic comparative analyses indicate that the New Caledonian diplodactylid clade has evolved significantly more disparate body sizes than either the Australian or New Zealand clades. Toe pad structure has changed repeatedly across diplodactylids, including multiple times in the New Caledonia clade, partially explaining the convergence in form betweenH. delcourtiand New ZealandHoplodactylus. Based on the phylogenetic results, we placeH. delcourtiin a new genus.
Amelioration of CCl4-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity by Ganoderma lucidum in Long Evans rats
Authors: Johra Fatima Tuj , Hossain Sukria , Jain Preeti , Bristy Anika Tabassum , Emran Tushar , Ahmed Rezwana , Sharker Shazid Md , Bepari Asim Kumar , Reza Hasan Mahmud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLiver disease is a serious health problem affecting people worldwide at an alarming rate. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects ofGanoderma lucidumagainst CCl4-induced liver toxicity in rats. The experimental Long Evans rats were divided into five groups, of which four groups were treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Among the CCl4treated groups, one of the groups was treated with silymarin and two of them with ethanolic extract ofG. lucidumat 100 and 200 mg/Kg body weight. The oxidative stress parameters and endogenous antioxidant enzyme concentrations were assessed by biochemical tests. Liver enzymes ALT, AST, and ALP were determined spectrophotometrically. Histopathological examinations were carried out to assess hepatic tissue damage and fibrosis. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to determine the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and TGF-β genes. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC–MS) analysis revealed thatG. lucidumis rich in several phytochemicals including 6-Octadecanoic acid (55.81%), l-( +)-Ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate (18.72%), Cis-11-Eicosenamide (5.76%), and Octadecanoic acid (5.26%). Treatment with theG. lucidumextract reduced the elevated ALT, AST, ALP levels, and cellular oxidative stress markers and increased the endogenous antioxidant levels. Histopathology observations revealed that the inflammation, infiltration of immune cells, and aberration of collagen fibers in the hepatocytes were altered by theG. lucidumtreatment. The increased expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-1 β, and IL-6 were markedly suppressed byG. lucidumextract treatment.G. lucidumalso prevented the suppression of protective IL-10 expression by CCl4. This study strongly suggests thatG. lucidumextract possesses significant hepatoprotective activity as evidenced by reduced oxidative stress and inflammation mediated by suppression in inflammatory cytokine expression and increased protective IL-10 cytokine expression.
Meridional binocular rivalry reveals a trace of uncorrected oblique input during development in the adult brain
Authors: Serero Gad , Lev Maria , Polat Uri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBinocular rivalry (BR) is a visual perception phenomenon that occurs when each eye perceives different images and stimuli, causing alternating monocular dominance. To measure BR, many studies have used two monocular conflicting images to induce monocular alternations. Here we chose a group of participants with oblique astigmatism (OA) and who produced blur on the orthogonal oblique meridian in each eye, resulting in two conflicting images, which may enhance the stimulation of monocular alternations. Our results show that OA participants tend to have a high rate of BR when viewing natural images, whereas the control group does not have BR for the same images. We suggest that this low ability to fuse could indicate the presence of a trace due to uncorrected vision during the critical period, which could be retained in the adult brain.
Infants’ interoception is associated with eye contact in dyadic social interactions
Authors: Imafuku Masahiro , Yoshimoto Hiromasa , Hiraki Kazuo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInteroception, that is, the perception of visceral stimuli, is the basis of socio-emotional development. However, no studies have demonstrated the relationship between the two in infants. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between interoception and social behavior in infants and mothers. Visual preference for cardio-visual synchronous and asynchronous stimuli was assessed using a preferential-looking paradigm in 6-month infants and their mothers. The infant–mother interaction was also measured to assess social behavior, such as eye contact and positive facial expressions. The results showed that infants looked at asynchronous cardio-visual stimuli longer than synchronous cardio-visual stimuli, whereas mothers looked at synchronous cardio-visual stimuli longer than asynchronous cardio-visual stimuli. The proportion of looking time toward asynchronous cardio-visual stimuli in infants was positively correlated with infant–mother gaze and affect (positive facial expression) synchrony. Furthermore, mediation analyses showed that the relationship between infants’ interoception and eye contact behavior is attributable to mother’s positive facial expression. Our findings suggest that in infant–mother interactions, infants’ interoception may play a role in eye contact behavior through the mother's positive facial expression, highlighting the importance of infants’ interoception on social cognitive development.
Genomic analysis of plasma circulating tumor DNA in patients with heavily pretreated HER2 + metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Lee Kyoungmin , Lee Jongwon , Choi Jungmin , Sim Sung Hoon , Kim Jeong Eun , Kim Min Hwan , Park Yeon Hee , Kim Jee Hyun , Koh Su-Jin , Park Kyong Hwa , Kang Myoung Joo , Ahn Mi Sun , Lee Kyoung Eun , Kim Hee-Jun , Ahn Hee Kyung , Kim Han Jo , Park Keon Uk , Park In Hae 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe explored accumulated genomic alterations in patients with heavily treated HER2 + metastatic breast cancer enrolled in the KCSG BR18-14/KM10B trial. Targeted sequencing was performed with circulating tumor DNAs (ctDNAs) collected before the treatment of 92 patients. ctDNAs collected at the time of disease progression from seven patients who had a durable response for > 12 months were also analyzed. Sixty-five genes were identified as pathogenic alterations in 99 samples. The most frequently altered genes were TP53 (n = 48), PIKCA (n = 21) and ERBB3 (n = 19). TP53 and PIK3CA mutations were significantly related with shorter progression free survival (PFS), and patients with a higher ctDNA fraction showed a worse PFS. The frequency of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD)-related gene mutations was higher than that in matched tumor tissues, and these mutations tended to be associated with shorter PFS. New pathogenic variants were found at the end of treatment in all seven patients, including BRCA2, VHL, RAD50, RB1, BRIP1, ATM, FANCA, and PIK3CA mutations. In conclusion, TP53 and PIK3CA mutations, as well as a higher ctDNA fraction, were associated with worse PFS with trastuzumab and cytotoxic chemotherapy. The enrichment of HRD-related gene mutations and newly detected variants in ctDNA may be related to resistance to treatment.
Explainable sequence-to-sequence GRU neural network for pollution forecasting
Authors: Mirzavand Borujeni Sara , Arras Leila , Srinivasan Vignesh , Samek Wojciech 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe goal of pollution forecasting models is to allow the prediction and control of the air quality. Non-linear data-driven approaches based on deep neural networks have been increasingly used in such contexts showing significant improvements w.r.t. more conventional approaches like regression models and mechanistic approaches. While such deep learning models were deemed for a long time as black boxes, recent advances in eXplainable AI (XAI) allow to look through the model’s decision-making process, providing insights into decisive input features responsible for the model’s prediction. One XAI technique to explain the predictions of neural networks which was proven useful in various domains is Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP). In this work, we extend the LRP technique to a sequence-to-sequence neural network model with GRU layers. The explanation heatmaps provided by LRP allow us to identify important meteorological and temporal features responsible for the accumulation of four major pollutants in the air ($$\text {PM}_{10}$$

PM
10

, $$\text {NO}_{2}$$

NO
2

, $$\text {NO}$$
NO
, $$\text {O}_{3}$$

O
3

), and our findings can be backed up with prior knowledge in environmental and pollution research. This illustrates the appropriateness of XAI for understanding pollution forecastings and opens up new avenues for controlling and mitigating the pollutants’ load in the air.
Impact of heat stress, water stress, and their combined effects on the metabolism and transcriptome of grape berries
Authors: Hewitt Seanna , Hernández-Montes Esther , Dhingra Amit , Keller Markus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecurring heat and drought episodes present challenges to the sustainability of grape production worldwide. We investigated the impacts of heat and drought stress on transcriptomic and metabolic responses of berries from two wine grape varieties. Cabernet Sauvignon and Riesling grapevines were subjected to one of four treatments during early fruit ripening: (1) drought stress only, (2) heat stress only, (3) simultaneous drought and heat stress, (4) no drought or heat stress (control). Berry metabolites, especially organic acids, were analyzed, and time-course transcriptome analysis was performed on samples before, during, and after the stress episode. Both alone and in conjunction with water stress, heat stress had a much more significant impact on berry organic acid content, pH, and titratable acidity than water stress. This observation contrasts with previous reports for leaves, which responded more strongly to water stress, indicating that grape berries display a distinct, organ-specific response to environmental stresses. Consistent with the metabolic changes, the global transcriptomic analysis revealed that heat stress had a more significant impact on gene expression in grape berries than water stress in both varieties. The differentially expressed genes were those associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate cycle, mitochondrial electron transport and alternative respiration, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, carbohydrate allocation, ascorbate metabolism, and abiotic stress signaling pathways. Knowledge regarding how environmental stresses, alone and in combination, impact the berry metabolism of different grape varieties will form the basis for developing recommendations for climate change mitigation strategies and genetic improvement.
Placebo effects on nausea and motion sickness are resistant to experimentally-induced stress
Authors: Jacob Carmen , Olliges Elisabeth , Haile Anja , Hoffmann Verena , Jacobi Benjamin , Steinkopf Leander , Lanz Marina , Wittmann Marc , Tschöp Matthias H. , Meissner Karin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNausea often occurs in stressful situations, such as chemotherapy or surgery. Clinically relevant placebo effects in nausea have been demonstrated, but it remains unclear whether stress has an impact on these effects. The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the interplay between acute stress and placebo effects in nausea. 80 healthy female volunteers susceptible to motion sickness were randomly assigned to either the Maastricht Acute Stress Test or a non-stress control condition, and to either placebo treatment or no treatment. Nausea was induced by a virtual vection drum and behavioral, psychophysiological as well as humoral parameters were repeatedly assessed. Manipulation checks confirmed increased cortisol levels and negative emotions in the stressed groups. In the non-stressed groups, the placebo intervention improved nausea, symptoms of motion sickness, and gastric myoelectrical activity (normo-to-tachy (NTT) ratio). In the stressed groups, the beneficial effects of the placebo intervention on nausea and motion sickness remained unchanged, whereas no improvement of the gastric NTT ratio was observed. Results suggest that placebo effects on symptoms of nausea and motion sickness are resistant to experimentally-induced stress. Stress most likely interfered with the validity of the gastric NTT ratio to measure nausea and thus the gastric placebo effect.
Optical and rogue type soliton solutions of the (2+1) dimensional nonlinear Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chains equation
Authors: Islam Shariful , Halder Bishnupada , Refaie Ali Ahmed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, the uses of unified method for finding solutions of a nonlinear Schrödinger equation that describes the nonlinear spin dynamics of (2+1) dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chains equation. We successfully construct solutions to these equations. For each of the derived solutions, we provide the parametric requirements for the existence of a valid soliton. In order to visualize some of the discovered solutions, we plot the 2D and 3D graphics. The results of this investigation, which have been presented, might be useful in elucidating the model's physical significance. These are a highly useful tool for studying how electrical solitons, which travel as voltage waves in nonlinear dispersive media, spread out, as well as for doing various physical calculations. The study’s findings, which have been disclosed, might be useful in illuminating the models under consideration's physical significance and electrical field.
Comprehensive power quality performance assessment for electrical system of a nuclear research reactor
Authors: Elsotohy Asmaa M. , Soliman Ahmed Mohammed Attiya , Adail Ahmed S. , Eisa Ayman A. , Othman El-said A 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStudying the power quality (PQ) is an essential issue to ensure the safe and accurate operation of sensitive equipment particularly for nuclear installations. Assessment of PQ involves collecting and analysing data resources and then evaluating it with reference to PQ standards. There are many alternatives for PQ and it is difficult to make an appropriate selection among them in the existence of their multiple criteria which are usually conflicted. So this selection subject can be classified as a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problem. To do so, a reliable and scientific method for studying and evaluating the overall system PQ is required. This study aims to assess performance of PQ for the electrical power system at a Nuclear Research Reactor (NRR) during a certain period using multiple measures for the most decisive PQ phenomena. It focuses on a number of the most important PQ phenomena namely frequency fluctuation (deviation), unbalances of current and voltage, current and voltage harmonic distortion, flicker and power factor. After combining all results into six samples (alternatives), the criteria weights are determined based on an objective method for weighting which is called CRITIC method. Then, the alternatives are ranked using compromise MCDM method-VIKOR method. The obtained results are analyzed and discussed to evaluate performance of NRR electrical system from the PQ view. It showed that the compromise solution that obtained by CRITIC-VIKOR can be a guide to facilitate the PQ evaluation of nuclear installation electrical system. Also, it can empower the operators with the benefits of benchmarking and monitoring a single index instead of several indices. Moreover, it is very useful for helping stakeholders to understand how the PQ performance changes under a certain operating condition of the facility. Finally, it is can be considered as a good model to weight each PQ phenomena and identify the time intervals for best and worst total PQ in NRR.