bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FLLL12, a curcumin analog, activates the oxidative stress response pathway in head and neck cancer: implication for chemoprevention.
Authors: AMIN ARM , Lukmon Raji 
Published: June 2023

Carcinogenesis is initiated with irreversible genetic mutation due to endogenously derived or carcinogen-induced oxidative stress. Activation of the antioxidant pathways ameliorates oxidative stress, protects cells from carcinogenic insults, and plays a pivotal role in chemoprevention. We have previously reported that FLLL12 is a potent curcumin analog, possesses in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity, and has better pharmacokinetic profiles than curcumin. The current study aims to identify novel pathways activated by FLLL12. MDA686, a head and neck cancer cell line, was treated with FLLL12 for 24h. Total RNA was used for RNA-Seq analysis. 2-fold differentially expressed genes were used for Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to identify the most significantly affected pathways. Real-time qPCR and western blotting were used to confirm the expression of the genes and their protein products, respectively, in normal, premalignant, and malignant cell lines. RNASeq identified 641 genes. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified the ferroptosis, the tumor microenvironment, and the oxidative response pathway as the top three most significantly affected pathways. We confirmed the activation of HMOX-1, NQO1, SLC7A11, and GCLC mRNA and proteins in normal, premalignant, and malignant cells. Although these genes are common for ferroptosis and the oxidative response pathway, treatment of cells with ferroptosis inhibitors, ferrostatin-1, and deferoxamine, did not affect FLLL12-induced cell death, suggesting that these genes are associated with the oxidative stress response pathway. Our results indicate that FLLL12 activates the oxidative stress response pathway in normal, premalignant, and malignant head and neck cancer cell lines and has strong promise for chemoprevention.
Role of FTL_0445 in Francisella tularensis Susceptibility to Resazurin
Authors: Young Emily , Gibson Jordan , McGovern Siena , Beatty Emma , Kelly Claire , Souder Kendall , Rice Justin , Percifield Ryan J. , Primerano Donald A. , Garrison Nicole , Schmitt Deanna M. 
Published: June 2023

Tularemia is a potentially fatal disease caused by the Category A bioterrorism agent Francisella tularensis. Aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines can be used to treat tularemia; however, there is a high incidence of relapse and treatment failures when using these drugs. Furthermore, there is no tularemia vaccine licensed for use in the United States. Therefore, new antibiotics that target F. tularensis are being investigated. A novel family of resazurin-based antibiotics called resazomycins exhibit antimicrobial activity against F. tularensis and other Gram-negative pathogens including Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The mode of action of resazomycins has yet to be determined. To elucidate potential targets of resazurin (Rz), we screened for spontaneous Rz-resistant (Rzr) F. tularensis LVS mutants. Through the screen, 93% of all Rzr mutants sequenced contained mutations within the coding regions of FTL_0421, FTL_0895, and FTL_1504. In addition, 100% of all Rzr mutants sequenced contained a mutation approximately 50bp upstream of the gene FTL_0445. To understand the effect the mutation has on transcription of FTL_0445, RNA was isolated from wild-type LVS and an Rzr mutant (Rzr1). Quantitative reverse transcription PCR revealed FTL_0445 was upregulated in Rzr1 compared to wild-type LVS. To determine the role of FTL_0445 in Rz resistance, a FTL_0445 null deletion mutant is being generated in Rzr1 using standard molecular genetic techniques. Upon completion, the Rz sensitivity of the deletion mutant will be assessed using agar dilution assays. Understanding the role of FTL_0445 in Rz susceptibility would facilitate further development of these compounds as potential treatments for tularemia and gonorrhea.
An Examination of Gunshot Residue and Lead Exposure
Authors: Mullennex Linsee , Henson Kristy 
Published: June 2023

This study examines the longevity of gunshot residue (GSR) for lead-based and lead-free ammunition and verifies that lead-free ammunition is truly lead-free. While a GSR presumptive test is not a definitive answer to whether GSR is explicitly present, it gives law enforcement an idea of whether to consider if more expensive testing is needed. This research will also highlight whether different means of examination for GSR in a forensic setting are necessary due to the evolving variety of lead-free ammunition entering the market.
Switching to lead-free ammunition will significantly reduce lead exposure. Lead shows high toxicity for many organisms but continues to be dumped into the environment in large quantities. Lead poisoning can cause side effects such as anemia, infertility, and vitamin D deficiency.
Ward’s Gunshot Residue Presumptive Kit and Sherlock Instant Lead Test Kit were used in this research to indicate the presence of lead, barium, and antimony with color change using a specific sequence of chemicals. Ward’s Gunshot Residue Presumptive test was tested during three scenarios in which a firearm was discharged. The Sherlock Instant Lead Test Kit was used to swab all ammunition advertised as lead-free such as the primer, gunshot residue, casing, and bullet.
In conclusion, Ward’s Gunshot Residue Presumptive Kit was not sensitive enough to use in real-life scenarios and yielded no results. The Sherlock Instant Lead Test Kit confirmed that lead-free ammunition is truly lead-free, reducing lead exposure when firing a gun and potentially creating issues when examining GSR (lead specifically) in forensics settings.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ARIAS TERHADAP MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Yasin Fajar Nur , Nihayah Ummu 
Published: June 2023

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of using the ARIAS model on the motivation and learning outcomes of fourth grade elementary school students. The research conducted in this research is quantitative research. The method used in this study was a quasi-experimental research design with nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) control group design. The research sample consisted of 60 students consisting of 30 students in class IVB as the experimental class and 30 students in class IVC as the control class. Data was collected using a questionnaire sheet to determine learning motivation and a test sheet to determine student learning outcomes. The data analysis used was t-test analysis with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that: (1) there was an effectiveness of the ARIAS model on learning motivation by obtaining a sig 2 tailed value of 0.009<0.05 and tcount 2.822 > ttable 1.671, (2) there was an effectiveness of the ARIAS model on student learning outcomes by obtaining a sig 2 value tailed of 0.018<0.05 and tcount 2.508 > ttable 1.671. Thus, there is the effectiveness of using the ARIAS model on the motivation and learning outcomes of fourth grade elementary school students.
AZERBAYCAN HALK CUMHURİYETİ DÖNEMİNDEKİ ŞUŞA OLAYLARI: AZERBAYCAN GAZETESİNİN MALZEMELERİNE GÖRE
Authors: QULİYEVA Rüxsarə 
Published: June 2023

1917'de Rusya'da Şubat burjuva-demokratik devriminden sonra, Ermenilerin Azerbaycanlılara yönelik etnik temizlik politikasının ikinci aşaması başladı (1918-1920). Yine Şuşa dahil tüm Karabağ bölgesi hedef olarak seçilmiştir.
Böylesine karmaşık bir tarihsel dönemde, Mayıs 1918'de Güney Kafkasya'da üç bağımsız cumhuriyetin kurulmasıyla Şuşa'daki Ermeniler ve Azerbaycanlılar arasındaki ilişkiler daha da gerginleşti. Karabağ'ın dağlık kesiminde yaşayan Ermeniler, 22 Temmuz 1918'de "bağımsızlığını" ilan etmeye çalıştı. Tarihsel olarak Azerbaycan halkının yaşadığı Karabağ, Azerbaycan Halk Cumhuriyeti için bir ölüm kalım meselesiydi. Karabağ ve onun merkezi olan Şuşa'nın Ermenilere verilmesi veya Ermeniler lehine herhangi bir karar alınması hiçbir zaman tartışma konusu olmamıştır. Yeni kurulan devlet, diğer alanlarda olduğu gibi ülkenin toprak bütünlüğünün korunması alanında da ciddi zorluklarla karşı karşıya kalmış ve varlığını sürdürdüğü 23 ay boyunca Ermenistan'dan gelen sürekli tehditlere gereği gibi direnmiştir. Hükümetin resmi yayın organı olan Azerbaycan gazetesi bu konuda şunları yazdı: "Bakü ülkemizin vücudunu oluşturduğunda, Karabağ Azerbaycan'ın ruhunu, zevkini oluşturur. Bakü Azerbaycan'ı maddi olarak sağlıyorsa, Karabağ'ın onu manevi olarak desteklediği herkes tarafından bilinmektedir. Azerbaycan Türklerine ruhsal ve manevi zenginlik veren, onları entelektüel ve fikir sahibi yapan Karabağ ve Karabağ'dır dersem, sanırım hiçbir Azerbaycanlı bunu inkar etmez. Bu nedenle Karabağ'ı sımsıkı elimizde tutmak bizim için bir ölüm kalım meselesidir."
Parts of the Self, Schema Modes, Alters, and Narrative and Pre-Narrative Selves: Understanding and Working With Multiplicity
Authors: Edwards David J.A. 
Published: June 2023

The account of Kelly's therapy (Edwards, 2022b), and the commentaries by Singer (2022) and Margolin (2022), each, in different ways, highlight the significance of multiplicity, and the importance of understanding it, for the practice of psychotherapy. For several decades, many approaches to therapy have recognized and provided guidelines working with this multiplicity (Hermans & DiMaggio, 2004; Kellogg & Young, 2006; Lazarus & Rafaeli, in press; Rowan & Cooper, 1999; Schwartz, 1997; Stiles, 2011; Teasdale, 1999; Watkins & Johnson, 1982). Schema therapy is an integrative therapy that draws freely on these historical traditions, while offering its own distinctive framework for using multiplicity in case conceptualization for a wide variety of clinical phenomena (Edwards, 2022a). Examination of processes within cases treated within this framework provides the opportunity to further develop and synthesise clinically grounded theory, and, as Edwards (2022b) argued, it is increasingly possible for that practice to be grounded in a scientific understanding of the systems of memory and learning that underlie the client’s experience, drawing on the significant advances in our understanding of autobiographical memory systems. This article continues to explore this idea by responding to the commentaries on the case study of Kelly by Singer and Margolin.
Additional Perspectives on the Case of "Chris"
Authors: Yunusova Irada 
Published: June 2023

In this article, I respond to commentaries by Dr. Karen Skean (2023) and by Dr. Lauren Lipner (2023) on my case study of "Chris" (Yunusova, 2023), a 30-year-old man who presented to treatment with presenting problems related to depression and aspects of complex PTSD. First, I discuss the way in which Skean precisely captures the core processes in my therapy with Chris. This includes (a) how my use of Fosha's AEDP, which emphasizes the development of a close, warm, and open moment-to-moment relationship between therapist and client, incorporated the behavioral concept of exposure; (b) how this use of exposure must be tailored to the individual client in line with Vygotsky's "Zone of Proximal Development"; and (c) the role of memory reconsolidation in helping to revise traumatic memories. I also discuss the deep positive impact of the case of Chris, as supervised by Dr. Skean, on my subsequent development as a therapist. Second, I discuss how valuable I found Dr. Lipner's viewing of my description of the clinical process of therapy with Chris through a theoretical lens quite different from the one I used, including (a) Goldfried's "principles of change," and (b) Safran and Muran's model for identifying and repairing "ruptures in the therapeutic alliance." Finally, I also respond to Dr. Lipner's question about the way in which I handled the exchange of letters with Chris at the end of our therapy.
Optimización de procesos en la gestión pública ecuatoriana
Authors: Quintero-Cuero Gustavo Ricardo 
Published: June 2023

La optimización de los procesos de gestión pública es un tema de suma vigencia y relevancia para todas las naciones del mundo de cara al cumplimiento de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible 16 y 17 de la Agenda 2030 de la ONU. Los citados objetivos están vinculados a la construcción de instituciones sólidas con responsabilidad y eficacia en todos los niveles de gobiernos, como garantía de paz, justicia e inclusión. Las instituciones necesitadas para la óptima gestión pública deben estar orientadas de forma clara a adoptar medidas urgentes que fomenten la movilización, reorientación y aprovechamiento de los recursos privados a través de alianzas entre los gobiernos, el sector privado y la sociedad civil, basadas en principios y valores, con una visión compartida y objetivos comunes, que otorgan prioridad a las personas y al planeta en todos los niveles. La metodología empleada es la revisión documental y bibliográfica de tipo descriptiva, el análisis se sustenta en la normativa vigente y estudios afines al objeto de estudio realizados por diversos autores e indexados en reconocidas bases de datos. Ecuador se encuentra inmerso en el proceso de impulsar transformaciones e innovaciones en la gestión pública que respondan a sus compromisos internacionales y sean coherentes con el paradigma del Sumak Kawsay (Buen Vivir) como forma de vida del pueblo ecuatoriano adoptado por la Constitución de la República. Para ello ha encaminado acciones que alinean la administración pública nacional con las tendencias internacionales de optimización tanto a nivel estratégico como organizativo de la nueva gestión pública.
The Union of the Principalities with Foreign Prince From Strategy of Diplomacy to Romanian National Project
Authors: PLOSCARU Cristian 
Published: June 2023

In Romanian hisoriography, the beginnings of the modern idea of political unity, of the national state, are placed in the years of the rule of the native princes (1822-1828) and of the Russian occupation, when the first modern manifestations in this sense appeared, concerning the union of the Wallachia with Moldavia, as a Romanian state, a buffer state between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, based on the historical rights in relation with the Porte, a state with modern institutions, according to the understanding and interests of the elite of the time. An interesting conclusion, resulting from a contextual analysis of the transformations of the period, without benefiting from too many explicit documentary references. Nevertheless, previous proposals concerning the establishment of a principality or kingdom of Dacia have been intensively discussed by Romanian and foreign historians, but, in our opinion, insufficient clarification has been provided regarding the extent to which these proposals belong or not to the history of the modern Romanian national project. In order to be able to make some reasoned conclusions we propose to conduct a comparative study. On the one hand, the "Dacia project" promoted by Russia in the years following the Treaty of Kuciuk Kainardji and the Ainalî Kavak Convention, subsequently associated with some Russian plans for the reorganization of the Balkans promoted especially by Ioannis Kapodistrias, deserves special attention. On the other hand, after 1821, in a historical context influenced by the outbreak of the Greek revolution and the efforts of the Great Powers to find solutions for the organisation of a Greek Christian principality, the first Romanian proposals for the Union of Moldavia with Wallachia into a national state were to appear, the most important being the proposal of January-February 1830 to achieve the union with a foreign prince, in the person of Gustav of Vasa, former Crown Prince of Sweden.
A Fighter for the Union of the Principalities: Anastasie Panu
Authors: COJOCARIU M. 
Published: June 2023

Between 20 October 1858 and 5 January 1859 (according to the old calendar), Anastasie Panu was a member of the Three-Kaymakam rule, installed in Moldova under a provision of the Paris Convention on the definitive organization of the Romanian Principalities. He was, in that capacity and for that 77-day period, the most important Unionist politician, with a decisive role in the "course" of the Moldavian events that preceded the election of Alexandru I. Cuza as ruler. It is to him that we owe, to an overwhelming extent, the restoration of the freedom of the press (by reinstating Grigorie Al. Ghica's law of May 1856), the full affirmation of the country's autonomy through an effective exercise, ensuring a (relative) majority of the National Party in the Elective Assembly of Moldavia, the introduction of the letterhead of the United Principalities on all official documents; finally, through the so-called "Panu Plan", "paving" the road to the throne of Moldavia for Colonel Alexandru I. Cuza. Therefore, this Unionist leader should be given not only our modest presentation, but a monument more enduring than bronze - if we may paraphrase the ancient poet: and not (almost) the oblivion bequeathed by an unjust posterity.
AVRUPALI SEYYAHLARIN İZLENİMLERİYLE 19. YÜZYILDA BATI TÜRKİSTAN'DA "TÜRK MİSAFİRPERVERLİĞİ"
Authors: MEMİŞ Gülcan 
Published: June 2023

Gelenek ve görenekler, Türk kültürünü şekillendiren başlıca yapı unsurlarıdır. 19. yüzyılda Batı Türkistan’a yolculuk eden Avrupalı seyyahlar, bu yapı taşlarından biri olan misafirperverlik geleneğine tanık oldular. Misafir oldukları Kazak, Kırgız, Özbek, Türkmen gibi Türk toplumlarında misafirperverliğe özgü gelenek ve görenekleri kendi bakış açılarına göre seyahatnamelerine aktardılar. Genellikle Türk misafirperverliğine özgü karşılama biçimlerine, misafirlerini ağırlandıkları mekanlara, yemek ikramlarına ve bu geleneklerle bütünleşen geleneklere yer verdiler. Zira seyahatleri sırasında bu gelenek çerçevesinde yabancı olmalarına bakılmaksızın samimiyetle ve koşulsuz bir şekilde kabul edilmekteydiler. Çadır, ev veya köy evleri onların ağırlandıkları başlıca mekânlardı. Bu yerlerde misafirler için özel hazırlanan yemeklerin yanı sıra yemek kültürünü şekillendiren gelenekler ve sofra adabı kuralları seyyahların dikkatlerini çeken başlıca hususlardı. Seyyahların Türk misafirperverliğini oluşturan geleneklere dair bu canlı tasvirleri, Batı Türkistan’ın sosyo-kültürel yapısının aydınlanmasına katkı sunacaktır.
Bu makalede, pek çok Avrupalı seyyahın seyahatnamelerindeki misafirperverlik geleneğine özgü anlatımlarından yola çıkılarak 19. yüzyılda Batı Türkistan’daki Türk misafirperverliğinin uygulanmasına özgü gelenek, örf ve âdetlerin genel bir çerçevesinin çizilmesi sağlanacaktır. Bununla birlikte 19. yüzyılda Batı Türkistan’da misafir ağırlama geleneklerinin geçmişle olan kültürel bağı vurgulanacaktır. Özellikle de 19. yüzyılda Batı Türkistan’da giden Avrupalı seyyahların misafir olarak nasıl ağırlandığı sorusuna cevap bulunmaya çalışılacaktır.
TANGGAPAN TERHADAP RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG TENTANG HUKUM MATERIL PERADILAN AGAMA BIDANG PERKAWINAN
Authors: Fuadah Aah Tsamrotul 
Published: June 2023

Nikah sirri kembali menjadi isu hangat di Indonesia, hal ini mencuat ketika diajukannya Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) tentang Hukum Materil Peradilan Agama Bidang Perkawinan atau yang populer dengan sebutan RUU Nikah Siri, yang mengancam pelaku nikah siri dengan sanksi pidana yakni ancaman hukuman bervariasi, mulai dari 6 bulan sampai tiga tahun, dan denda mulai Rp. 6 juta sampai Rp. 12 juta. RUU ini mengundang pro dan kontra, pihak yang setuju menganggap bahwa hal ini adalah sebuah kemajuan karena menurut mereka penikaha sirri sering kali hanya merugikan pihak perempuan dan berdampak negative bagi anak keturunan hasil nikah sirri. Semantara pihak yang kontra berpendapat bahwa RUU ini justru akan mengarahkan orang untuk melegalkan perzinahan.
Dalam kajian fiqh klasik nikah sirri adalah pernikahan yang dilakukan tanpa adanya wali atau saksi, sementara pengertian nikah sirri saat ini lebih bermakna pernikahan yang dilakukan hanya sesuai dengan agama masing-masing tanpa dilakukan pencatatan di depan petugas Kantor Urusan Agama. Jika nikah sirri diartikan dengan pengertian yang pertama maka para ulama bersepakat tidak sahnya pernikahan tanpa adanya wali dan saksi. Adapun nikah sirri yang dilakukan secara Islam namun tidak dicatat oleh petuga KUA maka sebagian besar ulama memnaggapnya sah.
Dari sinilah muncul permasalahan tentang nikah sirri di Indonesia, jika RUU ini telah disahkan maka para pelaku nikah sirri akan dikenakan denda atau hukuman penjara. Melaksanakan perkawinan secara sah menurut hukum Islam sebagaimana diatur dalam pasal 2 ayat (1) Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 adalah perwujudan dari ketaatan kepada Allah dan RasulNya dalam hal perkawinan. Sedangkan melaksanakan pasal 2 ayat (2) nya yakni tentang pencatatan perkawinan adalah wujud ketaatan kepada pemimpin. Namun demikian meskipun aturan Allah dan Rasul-Nya serta manusia sudah sangat baik, tetap akan ada yang melanggar aturan-aturan tersebut. Buktinya masih banyak orang Islam yang nikah tanpa dicatat, padahal itu untuk kemaslahatan semua pihak, sedangkan kemaslahatan itu merupakan tujuan syara’ (maqashid al-syari’ah).
Maka dari sini sudah selayaknya bagi mereka yang melaksanakan pernikahan siri karena masalah biaya, harus dibantu untuk melakukan itsbat nikah ke Pengadilan Agama dengan berperkara secara prodeo (cuma-cuma). Sedangkan mereka yang melakukan nikah siri karena alasan lain, dianjurkan untuk melakukan itsbat nikah. Kalau tidak mau, maka sewajarnya diberi sanksi baik secara administratif maupun dengan sanksi pidana yang bisa membuat jera.
WASIAT WAJIBAH UNTUK ANAK ANGKAT MENURUT IMAM MADZHAB DAN HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA
Authors: Misno  
Published: June 2023

Hukum Islam adalah system hukum yang sempurna, ia mengatur seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia, dari masalah kenegaraan sampai masalah individu dan keluarga. Dalam masalah keluarga telah diatur secara rinci mengenai pembagian harta warisan, setiap anggota keluarga yang menjadi ahli waris telah ditetapkan bagian-bagiannya. Namun tidak semua keluarga dikaruniai anak, maka sebagian pasangan suami istri mengambil seorang anak untuk dijadikan anak angkat. Bagaimanakah kedudukan anak angkat dalam hukum Islam. Dan apakah ia mendapatkan warisan dari orang tua angkatnya. Secara nash syar’i yang bersumber dari Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunnah tidak ditemukan secara eksplisit mengenai harta warisan bagi anak angkat, namun secara implicit semangat Islam senantiasa melindungi setiap anak yang masih membutuhkan perlindungan dan pengasuhan. Oleh karena itu para ahli hukum Islam telah merumuskan adanya wasiat wajibah bagi anak angkat. Wasat wajibah adalah wasiat yang ditetapkan oleh seorang imam (kepala Negara) bagi harta warisan dari seseorang yang memiliki anak angkat yang masih memerlukan pengasuhan. Besarnya wasiat wajibah sebagaimana wasiat secara umum yaitu tidak boleh lebih dari 1/3 dari keseluruhan harta warisan. Beberapa syarat yang berkaitan dengan pelaksanakan wasiat wajibah adalah bahwa anak angkat tersebut masih membutuhkan biaya untuk kebutuhan sehari-harinya.