bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of admission neutrophil serine proteinases levels with the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Li Lingzhi , Han Ziping , Wang Rongliang , Fan Junfen , Zheng Yangmin , Huang Yuyou , Yang Zhenhong , Yan Feng , Liu Ping , Zhao Haiping , Ma Qingfeng , Luo Yumin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Neutrophil serine proteinases (NSPs), released by activated neutrophils, are key proteins involved in the pathophysiologic processes of stroke. NSPs are also implicated in the process and response of thrombolysis. This study aimed to analyze three NSPs (neutrophil elastase, cathepsin G, and proteinase 3) in relation to acute ischemic stroke (AIS) outcomes and in relation to the outcomes of patients treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV-rtPA).

Methods
Among 736 patients prospectively recruited at the stroke center from 2018 to 2019, 342 patients diagnosed with confirmed AIS were included. Plasma neutrophil elastase (NE), cathepsin G (CTSG), and proteinase 3 (PR3) concentrations were measured on admission. The primary endpoint was unfavorable outcome defined as modified Rankin Scale score 3–6 at 3 months, and the secondary endpoints were symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) within 48 h, and mortality within 3 months. In the subgroup of patients who received IV-rtPA, post-thrombolysis early neurological improvement (ENI) (defined as National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score = 0 or decrease of ≥ 4 within 24 h after thrombolysis) was also included as the secondary endpoint. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between NSPs levels and AIS outcomes.

Results
Higher NE and PR3 plasma levels were associated with the 3-month mortality and 3-month unfavorable outcome. Higher NE plasma levels were also associated with the risk of sICH after AIS. After adjusting for potential confounders, plasma NE level > 229.56 ng/mL (odds ratio [OR] = 4.478 [2.344–8.554]) and PR3 > 388.77 ng/mL (OR = 2.805 [1.504–5.231]) independently predicted the 3-month unfavorable outcome. Regarding rtPA treatment, patients with NE plasma concentration > 177.22 ng/mL (OR = 8.931 [2.330–34.238]) or PR3 > 388.77 ng/mL (OR = 4.275 [1.045–17.491]) were over 4 times more likely to suffer unfavorable outcomes after rtPA treatment. The addition of NE and PR3 to clinical predictors of unfavorable functional outcome after AIS and the outcome after rtPA treatment improved discrimination as well as reclassification (integrated discrimination improvement = 8.2% and 18.1%, continuous net reclassification improvement = 100.0% and 91.8%, respectively).

Conclusions
Plasma NE and PR3 are novel and independent predictors of 3-month functional outcomes after AIS. Plasma NE and PR3 also possess predictive value to identify patients with unfavorable outcomes after rtPA treatment. NE is probably an important mediator of the effects of neutrophils on stroke outcomes, which worth further investigation.
Experiences and challenges of using community health worker-led mechanism in supporting HIV disclosure among adults living with HIV in heterosexual relationships in the rural Uganda
Authors: Lukyamuzi Zubair , Ssuna Bashir , Mirembe Ruth Nabisere , Mawanda Denis , Kinkumu Paul , Nalugo Christine , Adikin Esther , Namisango Faridah , Nakalega Rita , Atuhaire Patience , Musoke Philippa , Butler Lisa M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
HIV status disclosure among sexual partners is vital in HIV management. Community health workers (CHW) support HIV disclosure among adults living with HIV (ALHIV) in sexual relationships with disclosure difficulties. However, experiences and challenges of using CHW-led disclosure support mechanism were not documented. This study explored experiences and challenges involved in using CHW-led disclosure support mechanism among ALHIV in heterosexual relationships in the rural Uganda.

Methods
This was a phenomenological qualitative study involving in-depth interviews among CHWs and ALHIV with HIV disclosure difficulties to sexual partners in greater Luwero region, Uganda. We conducted 27 interviews among purposively selected CHWs and participants who had participated in the CHW-led disclosure support mechanism. Interviews were conducted until saturation was reached; and analysis was done using inductive and deductive content analysis in Atlas.

Results
All respondents viewed HIV disclosure as an important strategy in HIV management. Provision of adequate counseling and support to those intending to disclose was instrumental for successful disclosure. However, fear of the negative disclosure outcomes was viewed as a barrier to disclosure. The CHWs were viewed as having an added advantage in supporting disclosure as opposed to the routine disclosure counseling. However, HIV disclosure using CHW-led support mechanism would be limited by possible bleach of client’s confidentiality. Therefore, respondents thought that appropriate selection of CHWs would improve their trust in the community. Additionally, providing CHWs with adequate training and facilitation during the disclosure support mechanism was viewed to improve their work.

Conclusion
Community health workers were viewed as being more supportive in HIV disclosure among ALHIV with disclosure difficulties to sexual partners compared to routine facility based disclosure counseling. Therefore, near location CHW-led disclosure mechanism was acceptable and useful in supporting HIV disclosure among HIV-affected sexual partners in rural settings.
Anemonin reduces hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation in nucleus pulposus cells by regulating NOX4/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Ma Zhijia , Yu Pengfei , Li Xiaochun , Dai Feng , Jiang Hong , Liu Jintao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Excessive oxidative stress plays a critical role in the progression of various diseases, including intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD). Recent studies have found that anemonin (ANE) possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the role of ANE in IVDD is still unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the effect and mechanism of ANE on H2O2 induced degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs).

Methods
NPCs were pretreated with ANE, and then treated with H2O2. NOX4 was upregulated by transfection of pcDNA-NOX4 into NPCs. Cytotoxicity was detected by MTT, oxidative stress-related indicators and inflammatory factors were measured by ELISA, mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR, and protein expression was tested by western blot.

Results
ANE attenuated H2O2-induced inhibition of NPCs activity. H2O2 enhanced oxidative stress, namely, increased ROS and MDA levels and decreased SOD level. However, these were suppressed and pretreated by ANE. ANE treatment repressed the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) in H2O2-induced NPCs. ANE treatment also prevented the degradation of extracellular matrix induced by H2O2, showing the downregulation of MMP-3, 13 and ADAMTS-4, 5 and the upregulation of collagen II. NOX4 is a key factor regulating oxidative stress. Our study confirmed that ANE could restrain NOX4 and p-NF-κB. In addition, overexpression of NOX4 counteracted the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of ANE in H2O2-induced NPCs, and the inhibition of the degradation of extracellular matrix induced by ANE was also reversed by overexpression of NOX4.

Conclusion
ANE repressed oxidative stress, inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation in H2O2-induced NPCs by inhibiting NOX4/NF-κB pathway. Our study indicated that ANE might be a candidate drug for the treatment of IVDD.
Therapy of traumatic brain injury by modern agents and traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Wei Chunzhu , Wang Jingbo , Yu Jintao , Tang Qing , Liu Xinjie , Zhang Yanlong , Cui Dandan , Zhu Yanqiong , Mei Yanli , Wang Yanjun , Wang Wenzhu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of disability and death, and the social burden of mortality and morbidity caused by TBI is significant. Under the influence of comprehensive factors, such as social environment, lifestyle, and employment type, the incidence of TBI continues to increase annually. Current pharmacotherapy of TBI mainly focuses on symptomatic supportive treatment, aiming to reduce intracranial pressure, ease pain, alleviate irritability, and fight infection. In this study, we summarized numerous studies covering the use of neuroprotective agents in different animal models and clinical trials after TBI. However, we found that no drug has been approved as specifically effective for the treatment of TBI. Effective therapeutic strategies for TBI remain an urgent need, and attention is turning toward traditional Chinese medicine. We analyzed the reasons why existing high-profile drugs had failed to show clinical benefits and offered our views on the research of traditional herbal medicine for treating TBI.
Evaluating the efficacy of an online, family-based intervention to promote adolescent sexual health: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Guilamo-Ramos Vincent , Benzekri Adam , Thimm-Kaiser Marco 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Adolescents in the U.S. experience significant negative sexual health outcomes, representing a public health priority in the U.S. Research shows that while parents play an influential role in shaping adolescent sexual behavior, surprisingly few programs engage parents in existing programming. Moreover, most efficacious parent-based programs focus on young adolescents, and few utilize delivery mechanisms that facilitate broad reach and scale-up. To address these gaps, we propose to test the efficacy of an online-delivered, parent-based intervention adapted to address both younger and older adolescent sexual risk behavior.

Methods
In this parallel, two-arm, superiority randomized controlled trial (RCT), we propose to evaluate Families Talking Together Plus (FTT+), an adaptation of an existing and efficacious FTT parent-based intervention, in shaping sexual risk behavior among adolescents aged 12–17 and delivered via a teleconferencing application (e.g., Zoom). The study population will include n=750 parent–adolescent dyads recruited from public housing developments in the Bronx, New York. Adolescents will be eligible if they are between the ages of 12 and 17 years of age, self-report as Latino and/or Black, have a parent or primary caregiver, and are South Bronx residents. Parent–adolescent dyads will complete a baseline survey, after which they will be assigned to either the FTT+ intervention condition (n=375) or the passive control condition (n=375) in a 1:1 allocation ratio. Parents and adolescents in each condition will complete follow-up assessments 3 and 9 months post-baseline. The primary outcomes will include sexual debut and ever sex, and the secondary outcomes will include the frequency of sex acts, number of lifetime sexual partners, number of unprotected sex acts, and linkage to health and educational/vocational services in the community. We will utilize intent-to-treat analyses of 9-month outcomes and single degree of freedom contrasts comparing the intervention to the control group for primary and secondary outcomes.

Discussion
The proposed evaluation and analysis of the FTT+ intervention will address gaps in the current cadre of parent-based programs. If efficacious, FTT+ would represent a model for scale-up and adoption of parent-based approaches designed to address adolescent sexual health in the U.S.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04731649. Registered on February 1, 2021.
Proteomics of high-density lipoprotein subfractions and subclinical atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a case–control study
Authors: Toyoshima Marcos Tadashi K. , Santana Monique F. M. , Silva Amanda R. M. , Mello Gabriela B. , Santos-Bezerra Daniele P. , Goes Marisa F. S. , Bosco Adriana A. , Caramelli Bruno , Ronsein Graziella E. , Correa-Giannella Maria Lucia , Passarelli Marisa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Subclinical atherosclerosis is frequently observed in type 1 diabetes (T1D) although the mechanisms and markers involved in the evolution to established cardiovascular disease are not well known. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol in T1D is normal or even high, and changes in its functionality and proteomics are considered. Our aim was to evaluate the proteomics of HDL subfractions in T1D and control subjects and its association with clinical variables, subclinical atherosclerosis markers and HDL functionality.

Methods
A total of 50 individuals with T1D and 30 matched controls were included. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), and ten-year cardiovascular risk (ASCVDR) were determined. Proteomics (parallel reaction monitoring) was determined in isolated HDL2 and HDL3 that were also utilized to measure cholesterol efflux from macrophages.

Results
Among 45 quantified proteins, 13 in HDL2 and 33 in HDL3 were differentially expressed in T1D and control subjects. Six proteins related to lipid metabolism, one to inflammatory acute phase, one to complement system and one to antioxidant response were more abundant in HDL2, while 14 lipid metabolism, three acute-phase, three antioxidants and one transport in HDL3 of T1D subjects. Three proteins (lipid metabolism, transport, and unknown function) were more abundant in HDL2; and ten (lipid metabolism, transport, protease inhibition), more abundant in HDL3 of controls. Individuals with T1D had higher PWV and ten-year ASCVDR, and lower FMD, Cholesterol efflux from macrophages was similar between T1D and controls. Proteins in HDL2 and HDL3, especially related to lipid metabolism, correlated with PWV, CAN, cholesterol efflux, HDLc, hypertension, glycemic control, ten-year ASCVDR, and statins use.

Conclusion
HDL proteomics can be predictive of subclinical atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes. Proteins that are not involved in reverse cholesterol transport may be associated with the protective role of HDL.
Insights from using an outcomes measurement properties search filter and conducting citation searches to locate psychometric articles of tools used to measure context attributes
Authors: Santos Wilmer J. , Hutchinson Alison M. , Rader Tamara , Graham Ian D. , Watkins Vanessa , Candido Ligyana Korki de , Greenough Megan , Squires Janet E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To describe our experience with using a methodological outcomes measurement search filter (precise and sensitive versions of a filter designed to locate articles that report on psychometric properties of measurement tools) and citation searches to locate psychometric articles for tools that can be used to measure context attributes. To compare the precise filter when used alone and with reference list checking to citation searching according to number of records found, precision, and sensitivity.

Results
Using the precise filter, we located 130 of 150 (86.6%) psychometric articles related to 22 of 31 (71.0%) tools that potentially measured an attribute of context. In a subset of six tools, the precise filter alone was more precise than searching with the precise filter combined with reference list searching, or citation searching alone. The precise filter combined with reference list checking was the most sensitive search method examined. Overall, we found the precise filter helpful for our project as it decreased record screening time. For non-patient reported outcomes tools, we had less success with locating psychometric articles using the precise filter because some psychometric articles were not indexed in PubMed. More research that systematically evaluates database searching methods is needed to validate our findings.
Unapparent systemic effects of regional anticoagulation with citrate in continuous renal replacement therapy: a narrative review
Authors: Boer Willem , Verbrugghe Walter , Hoste Eric , Jacobs Rita , Jorens Philippe G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe use of citrate, through reversible binding of calcium, has become the preferred choice for anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy in the critically ill patient. Though generally considered as very efficacious in acute kidney injury, this type of anticoagulation can cause acid–base disorders as well as citrate accumulation and overload, phenomena which have been well described. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide an overview of some other, non-anticoagulation effects of citrate chelation during its use as anticoagulant. We highlight the effects seen on the calcium balance and hormonal status, phosphate and magnesium balance, as well as oxidative stress resulting from these unapparent effects. As most of these data on these non-anticoagulation effects have been obtained in small observational studies, new and larger studies documenting both short- and long-term effects should be undertaken. Subsequent future guidelines for citrate-based continuous renal replacement therapy should take not only the metabolic but also these unapparent effects into account.
Chloride and Potassium Assessment Is a Helpful Tool for Differential Diagnosis of Thiazide-Associated Hyponatremia
Authors: Potasso Laura , Monnerat Sophie , Refardt Julie , Lindner Gregor , Burst Volker , Winzeler Bettina , Christ-Crain Mirjam 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Context
Differential diagnosis of thiazide-associated hyponatremia (TAH) is challenging. Patients can either have volume depletion or a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD)-like presentation.

Objective
To evaluate the impact of the simplified apparent strong ion difference in serum (aSID; sodium + potassium − chloride) as well as the urine chloride and potassium score (ChU; chloride − potassium in urine) in the differential diagnosis of TAH, in addition to assessment of fractional uric acid excretion (FUA).

Methods
Post hoc analysis of prospectively collected data from June 2011 to August 2013 from 98 hospitalized patients with TAH &lt; 125 mmol/L enrolled at University Hospital Basel and University Medical Clinic Aarau, Switzerland. Patients were categorized according to treatment response in volume-depleted TAH requiring volume substitution or SIAD-like TAH requiring fluid restriction. We computed sensitivity analyses with ROC curves for positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of aSID, ChU, and FUA in differential diagnosis of TAH.

Results
An aSID &gt; 42 mmol/L had a PPV of 79.1% in identifying patients with volume-depleted TAH, whereas a value &lt; 39 mmol/L excluded it with a NPV of 76.5%. In patients for whom aSID was inconclusive, a ChU &lt; 15 mmol/L had a PPV of 100% and a NPV of 83.3%, whereas FUA &lt; 12% had a PPV of 85.7% and a NPV of 64.3% in identifying patients with volume-depleted TAH.

Conclusion
In patients with TAH, assessment of aSID, potassium, and chloride in urine can help identifying patients with volume-depleted TAH requiring fluid substitution vs patients with SIAD-like TAH requiring fluid restriction.
Thyroid Cancer, Neuroendocrine Tumor, Adrenal Adenoma, and Other Tumors in a Patient With a Germline PMS1 Mutation
Authors: Alghamdi Balgees , Al-Hindi Hindi , Murugan Avaniyapuram Kannan , Alzahrani Ali S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Context
Multiple tumors in the same patient suggest a genetic predisposition. Here, we report a patient who presented with several unusual types of malignant and benign tumors, presumably due to a pathogenic germline PMS1 mutation.

Case
A 69-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of abdominal pain and diarrhea. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed a gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumor (GiNET) with liver metastases and a nonfunctional benign adrenal adenoma. Bilateral large lung nodules were thought to be also metastases from the GiNET but turned out to be differentiated thyroid cancer metastases, which later progressed to anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) and led to the patient's demise. A right sphenoid wing meningioma causing partial hypopituitarism was diagnosed during her evaluation. A mammogram and a breast ultrasound revealed a 0.3-cm left breast nodule. Due to the multiplicity of her tumors, whole exome sequencing was performed. This revealed a previously described PMS1 deletion mutation causing a frameshift and truncation (NM_000534c.1258delC, p.His420Ilefs*22) but no other pathogenic variant in other cancer genes. DNA isolated from the ATC tumor tissue showed loss of heterozygosity of the same mutation, highly suggestive of its pathogenic role in thyroid cancer and presumably other tumors.

Conclusion
This case reports several tumors including thyroid cancer, GiNET, adrenal adenoma, meningioma, and breast nodule, likely due to the PMS1 mutation found in this patient.
Pengamatan Morfologi Bagian Tanaman Lima Kultivar Kedelai [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]
Authors: Sumarmi S , Triyono Kharis 
Published: March 2023

Written descriptions of soybean plants often have different results after planting. Not much has been done to observe the morphology of the anthers of various soybean cultivars. Not much has been done to observe the morphology of the anthers of various soybean cultivars. This study aims to observe the morphological characteristics of five soybean cultivars. The research was conducted in the research field and plant laboratory at the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Slamet Riyadi, Surakarta, using a completely randomized design. Five soybean cultivars were planted namely Argomulyo, Grobogan, Wilis, Anjasmoro and Hitam Malika. Observations on the seeds used, plant height growth, leaf morphology, flower morphology and anther conditions. Argomulyo, Grobogan and Anjasmoro cultivars have large seeds, weighing 100 seeds between 15-18 grams. Plant height growth occurs until the plant is 5 weeks old. The color and shape of the leaves of five one-month-old soybean cultivars are almost the same. At the beginning of the 2nd month, the leaves of the soybean plants turned dark green, which was evident in Grobogan and Hitam Malika cultivars. The crown color of the Black Malika soybean flower is dark purple, different from the other 4 cultivars with purple flowers. Cultivar Anjasmoro, 5 weeks old, reached 63 cm, the highest among the five cultivars planted. Each soybean cultivar has morphological characteristics in terms of plant height, shape, leaf color, flowers, pods, seeds and or anthers.