bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acculturation and Children's dental service utilization in the United States
Authors: Okunseri Christopher , Zheng Cheng , Zhang Yiwen , Okunseri Elaye , Garcia Raul , Szabo Aniko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe study examined changes in acculturation level, socio‐economic status, and their association with preventive dental service use, receipt of restorative, or surgical care, and unmet dental needs.MethodsData from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) for children aged 1 to 17 years from 2007 to 2015 were analysed. Firstly, a cross‐sectional structural equation model (SEM) that included both a measurement model and a structural model was fitted simultaneously to obtain predicted latent variables for acculturation, socio‐economic status (SES), dental service utilization, and unmet dental needs. Secondly, the change in acculturation, SES, dental service utilization, and unmet dental needs were calculated over two consecutive years within the same child. Finally, the structural model in these changes was fitted, and the indirect and direct pathways between acculturation and SES were tested with dental insurance as a mediator.ResultsData for 33 507 children in both panel years were analysed. An increase in family acculturation resulted in lower utilization of preventive dental service and more unmet dental need, with socio‐economic status and dental insurance kept constant between the panel years, and after adjusting for race/ethnicity, gender, and age. In addition, increased acculturation was associated with higher SES, and a higher probability of having obtained dental insurance, both of which resulted in increased preventive dental service utilization and less unmet dental need. The positive direct effect and negative indirect effect of acculturation on unmet dental need cancelled each other out and resulted to almost zero total effect between acculturation and unmet dental need. Similarly, the negative direct effect and positive indirect effect of acculturation on preventive dental service cancelled each other out leading to a small increase in preventive dental service utilization.ConclusionChildren of immigrant families are at risk of inadequate access to dental care as their families becomes more acculturated, without increase in SES and access to dental insurance. This study supports policies that promote immigrant family's adequate access to dental insurance and employment to improve their socio‐economic status.
Identification of bi‐allelic LFNG variants in three patients and further clinical and molecular refinement of spondylocostal dysostosis 3
Authors: Lecca Mauro , Bedeschi Maria Francesca , Izzi Claudia , Dordoni Chiara , Rinaldi Berardo , Peluso Francesca , Caraffi Stefano Giuseppe , Prefumo Federico , Signorelli Marino , Zanzucchi Matteo , Bione Silvia , Ghigna Claudia , Sassi Silvia , Novelli Antonio , Valente Enza Maria , Superti‐Furga Andrea , Garavelli Livia , Errichiello Edoardo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSpondylocostal dysostosis (SCD), a condition characterized by multiple segmentation defects of the vertebrae and rib malformations, is caused by bi‐allelic variants in one of the genes involved in the Notch signaling pathway that tunes the “segmentation clock” of somitogenesis: DLL3, HES7, LFNG, MESP2, RIPPLY2, and TBX6. To date, seven individuals with LFNG variants have been reported in the literature. In this study we describe two newborns and one fetus with SCD, who were found by trio‐based exome sequencing (trio‐ES) to carry homozygous (c.822‐5C>T) or compound heterozygous (c.[863dup];[1063G>A]) and (c.[521G>T];[890T>G]) variants in LFNG. Notably, the c.822‐5C>T change, affecting the polypyrimidine tract of intron 5, is the first non‐coding variant reported in LFNG. This study further refines the clinical and molecular features of spondylocostal dysostosis 3 and adds to the numerous investigations supporting the usefulness of trio‐ES approach in prenatal and neonatal settings.
Pericapitalist world‐making: Kitchens, gardens, and care in Wisconsin dairies
Authors: D'Anieri Sophie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article illustrates how Mexican farmworkers in Wisconsin dairies negotiate forces of capitalist oppression through the production, preparation, sharing, and consumption of food. Engaging Anna Tsing's “pericapitalism,” I argue that farmworkers create spaces within and beside capitalism that enable strategies of care, relationships of solidarity, and the remaking of worlds. These practices facilitate not just farmworkers' survival within exploitative systems but also their ability to flourish. Critically examining the notions of agency, victimhood, oppression, and resistance that dominate narratives of Mexican migrant labor, this article draws from feminist ethnography to illuminate the various ways that farmworkers in Wisconsin dairies negotiate relationships to food, gardening, and cooking in order to create durable and livable worlds.
Neural synchrony reflects closure of jabberwocky noun phrases but not predictable pseudoword sequences
Authors: Rafferty M. Blake , Saltuklaroglu Tim , Reilly Kevin , Paek Eun Jin , Casenhiser Devin M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSuccessful language comprehension requires the combination of individual words into larger linguistic units. In the present minimal‐phrase study, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate whether syntactic combination is indexed by changes in neural synchrony, while testing for both token‐based and type‐based effects. To do this, we analysed intertrial phase coherence (ITPC) elicited by reading two item (words or pseudowords) phrases that were either unifiable or nonunifiable. Results indicated that type‐based unifiable phrases elicited increased ITPC relative to all other conditions in the frequency band corresponding to the rate of phrases (0.5 Hz) but not the rate of words (1 Hz). Conversely, we observed a complementary pattern for the N400, which was more sensitive to token‐based effects. These findings provide evidence that the combination of single words into larger syntactic structures may be indexed by the synchronous firing of assemblies of neurons oscillating at the rate of phrases during reading.
Nietzsche on the good of cultural change
Authors: Cristy Rachel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper attributes to Nietzsche a theory of cultural development according to which pyramid societies—steeply hierarchical societies following a unified morality—systematically alternate with motley societies, which emerge when pyramid societies encounter other cultures or allow their strict mores to relax. Motley societies contain multiple value systems due to individual innovation or intercultural contact, and are less stringent in dictating individuals' roles. Consequently, many people are torn between incompatible values and lack direction, so they are drawn to a morality of mediocrity, which offers the modest goals of comfort and conformity. However, the need to mediate between conflicting values also tends to yield exceptional individuals who create new values, and can reshape the society into a new pyramid society governed by those values. I argue that Nietzsche favors neither type of society at the expense of the other, but believes the alternation itself is valuable: a pyramid society develops a value system to its full potential; then, when it encounters alternative values, the extraordinary individuals in the resulting motley society synthesize the competing systems into a fuller vision of human flourishing.
High‐risk carotid plaques and incident ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation in the Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Noubiap Jean Jacques , Thomas Gijo , Kamtchum‐Tatuene Joseph , Middeldorp Melissa E. , Sanders Prashanthan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeWhether carotid artery disease could improve stroke risk stratification tools in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains uncertain. This study was undertaken to investigate the risk of ischemic stroke associated with occlusive and nonocclusive carotid atherosclerotic disease in patients with AF in the prospective population‐based Cardiovascular Health Study.MethodsWe included participants aged ≥65 years with AF. We used multivariable Cox regression analysis to explore the risk of ischemic stroke associated with the percentage of carotid stenosis, plaque irregularity, echogenicity, and vulnerability (markedly irregular, ulcerated, or hypoechoic plaques).ResultsA total of 1398 participants were included (55.2% female, 61.7% aged 65–74 years). The maximum carotid stenosis was <50%, 50%–99%, and 100% in 94.5%, 5%, and 0.5% of participants, respectively. High‐risk plaques based on echogenicity and plaque irregularity were found in 25.6% and 8.9% of participants, respectively. After a median follow‐up of 10.9 years (interquartile range = 7.5–15.6), 298 ischemic strokes were recorded. There was no difference in the incidence of ischemic stroke according to the degree of carotid artery stenosis (p = 0.44), plaque echogenicity (low vs. high risk, p = 0.68), plaque irregularity (low vs. high risk, p = 0.55), and plaque vulnerability (p = 0.86). The CHA₂DS₂‐VASc score was associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.28, 95% confidence interval = 1.18–1.40, p < 0.001). Both maximum grade of stenosis and plaque vulnerability were not associated with incident ischemic stroke (all p > 0.05).ConclusionsNeither the degree of carotid stenosis nor the presence of vulnerable plaques was associated with incident ischemic stroke in this cohort of individuals with AF. This suggests that carotid disease was probably not a significant contributor to ischemic stroke in this population.
Leveraging genetic predictors of factor XI levels to anticipate results from clinical trials
Authors: Daghlas Iyas , Gill Dipender 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundFactor XI (FXI) is a promising therapeutic target for the prevention of thrombotic disease without increasing bleeding risk.MethodsWe performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate the association of genetically predicted reductions in FXI levels with risk of venous thromboembolism, ischemic stroke, bleeding outcomes, and lifespan.ResultsGenetically predicted reductions in FXI levels were associated with lower risk of ischemic stroke (odds ratio per 1 standard deviation (SD) lower serum FXI 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.87–0.93, p = 1.59 × 10−11), and venous thromboembolism (0.54, 0.49–0.59, p = 2.13 × 10−39) but did not associate with increased bleeding risk (p > 0.16). Genetically predicted reductions in serum FXI levels associated with longer lifespan (0.37 years per 1 SD lower serum FXI, 0.13–0.61, p = 0.003).ConclusionsThese genetic data support FXI as a potentially efficacious and safe therapeutic target and anticipate positive results from ongoing phase 3 clinical trials.
Recognition and epileptology of protracted CLN3 disease
Authors: Cameron Jillian M. , Damiano John A. , Grinton Bronwyn , Carney Patrick W. , McKelvie Penny , Silbert Peter , Lawn Nicholas , Scheffer Ingrid E. , Oliver Karen L. , Hildebrand Michael S. , Berkovic Samuel F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to analyze phenotypic features of a cohort of patients with protracted CLN3 disease to improve recognition of the disorder.MethodsWe analyzed phenotypic data of 10 patients from six families with protracted CLN3 disease. Haplotype analysis was performed in three reportedly unrelated families.ResultsVisual impairment was the initial symptom, with onset at 5–9 years, similar to classic CLN3 disease. Mean time from onset of visual impairment to seizures was 12 years (range = 6–41 years). Various seizure types were reported, most commonly generalized tonic–clonic seizures; focal seizures were present in four patients. Progressive myoclonus epilepsy was not seen. Interictal electroencephalogram revealed mild background slowing and 2.5–3.5‐Hz spontaneous generalized spike–wave discharges. Additional interictal focal epileptiform discharges were noted in some patients. Age at death for the three deceased patients was 31, 31, and 52 years. Molecular testing revealed five individuals were homozygous for c.461‐280_677 + 382del966, the "common 1‐kb" CLN3 deletion. The remaining individuals were compound heterozygous for various combinations of recurrent pathogenic CLN3 variants. Haplotype analysis demonstrated evidence of a common founder for the common 1‐kb deletion. Dating analysis suggested the deletion arose approximately 1500 years ago and thus did not represent cryptic familial relationship in this Australian cohort.SignificanceWe highlight the protracted phenotype of a disease generally associated with death in adolescence, which is a combined focal and generalized epilepsy syndrome with progressive neurological deterioration. The disorder should be suspected in an adolescent or adult patient presenting with generalized or focal seizures preceded by progressive visual loss. The common 1‐kb deletion has been typically associated with classic CLN3 disease, and the protracted phenotype has not previously been reported with this genotype. This suggests that modifying genetic factors may be important in determining this somewhat milder phenotype and identification of these factors should be the subject of future research.
Economic strain and quality of life among families with emerging adult children: The contributions of family rituals and family problem‐solving communication
Authors: Fonseca Gabriela , de Sousa Bruno , Crespo Carla , Relvas Ana Paula 
Published: April 2023

AbstractYoung people and their families around the world are especially vulnerable to macroeconomic hard times. This study sought to provide a more comprehensive view on how families with emerging adult children can successfully overcome economic distress. Specifically, we examined the links between economic strain—that is, the subjective perceptions of one's current and future financial situation—family ritual meaning, family problem‐solving communication, and quality of life, as reported by emerging adults and their parents. Data were collected from 1017 individuals nested in 334 families living in Portugal in 2016/2017. Results from multilevel modeling provided evidence for a negative impact of economic strain on family members' quality of life (β = −0.30, p < 0.001); and for the role of family ritual meaning (β = 0.01, p = 0.022), but not family problem‐solving communication, as a buffer against the negative effect of economic strain on quality of life. Findings also suggested that the subjective evaluations that family members formulated about their financial situations played a greater role than objective economic conditions (e.g., income) in establishing a deeper understanding on the impact of economic demands on individuals and families' lives in today's complex financial world. This study provides a significant contribution to family economic stress research, advancing family ritual meaning as a key family dynamic contributing to positive adaptation to economic distress. The implications of these findings for clinical interventions include the potential benefits of symbolic forms of family communication in the work carried out with economically stressed family members.
Restricted connectivity for cobia Rachycentron canadum (Perciformes: Rachycentridae) in the Western Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Coimbra Maria Raquel M. , Benevides Emilly , Farias Renata da Silva , da Silva Bruno C. N. R. , Cloux Sara , Pérez‐Muñuzuri Vicente , Vera Manuel , Torres Rodrigo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCobia (Rachycentron canadum) is a coastal pelagic migratory fish species of tropical and subtropical waters, where it is an important game fish and it has been commercially expanded in offshore aquaculture systems. Understanding population connectivity is of utmost importance to the sustainable use and conservation of aquatic resources, and information on genetic diversity and structure is key element in unraveling differentiation when no clear physical barriers exist. In the present study, cobia genetic diversity and structure were depicted using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b sequencing and microsatellite genotyping in samples from the Southwestern Atlantic and showed that a major single population inhabits the southern hemisphere. Cytochrome b sequencing also suggested that the Indian Ocean is the center of origin for this species' diversification. A hierarchical analysis of AMOVA compared sampling locations from the Northwestern Atlantic (from a previous study) with the Southwestern ones using nine shared microsatellite markers. Differentiation among groups (FCT = 0.41), Bayesian clustering analysis, and complementary ordination analyses (by discriminant analysis of principal components [DAPC] and factorial correspondence analysis [3D‐FCA]) presented a clear separation between the two hemispheres, supported by a Lagrangian model that explained the ocean dynamics over larval retention on the Western Atlantic. Another genetic subgroup intermingled with the main Southwestern group may also exist further south, probably associated with the Vitória‐Trindade Ridge and the local current systems. The distribution of this species in metapopulations is of extreme relevance for fisheries and fish hatcheries management in the Atlantic Ocean.
Spatiotemporal variation in aboveground biomass in a tropical grass pasture over a 22‐year period
Authors: Hirata Masahiko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study monitored spatiotemporal variation in aboveground biomass of a paddock (1.1 ha) in a sown tropical grass pasture under cattle grazing over a 22‐year period (1995–2016) by nondestructively estimating biomasses of 182 fixed locations (0.5 × 0.5 m each) in the paddock at about monthly intervals during the annual stocking season (May to October or November). The mean aboveground biomass of the paddock varied seasonally and interannually between 33 and 605 g DM/m2 and was explained by a regression model including positive effects of mean air temperature, N fertilizer rate and total precipitation during the preceding 60 days (R2 = 0.311, P < 0.001). The coefficient of variation of aboveground biomass, as an indicator of spatial (within‐paddock) variability, varied seasonally and interannually between 0.16 and 0.94, and was described by a model incorporating a positive effect of cumulative stocking density during the preceding 40 days and negative effects of mean air temperature, total precipitation during the preceding 20 days and N fertilizer rate during the preceding 60 days (R2 = 0.277, P < 0.001). The spatial distribution pattern of aboveground biomass in the paddock was persistent (P < 0.05) or not persistent over the study period, almost without being reversed. In detail, patterns in the mid stocking season tended to maintain mutual similarity in the entire range of the intervals between the measurements (364–7,694 days), whereas those at the beginning and near end of the stocking season lost mutual similarity as the interval increased. There was no indubitable evidence that the changes in botanical composition destabilized the spatial distribution pattern of aboveground biomass. The results indicate the need for assessing how the long‐term stability of the within‐paddock distribution pattern of aboveground biomass affects agronomic and ecological performance of the grazing system.
High mesothelin expression by immunohistochemistry predicts improved survival in pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Chu Gerard J , Linton Anthony , Kao Steven , Klebe Sonja , Adelstein Stephen , Yeo Dannel , Rasko John E J , Cooper Wendy A 
Published: April 2023

AimsMesothelin (MSLN) is a cancer‐associated antigen that is overexpressed in malignancies such as mesothelioma, pancreatic and ovarian cancer. It is also a target for novel personalised therapies, including antibodies, antibody–drug conjugates and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. Immunohistochemistry may predict those who would best respond to anti‐mesothelin therapies and guide decisions in therapeutic strategy. This study aimed to assess the intensity and distribution of MSLN immunostaining in mesothelioma, and to determine the prognostic value of MSLN expression by histochemical‐score (H‐score).Methods and resultsThe MN1 anti‐MSLN antibody was used to stain a formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue microarray of histologically confirmed mesothelioma from 75 consecutive patients who had undergone pleurectomy with or without decortication. MSLN positivity, the staining intensity, distribution of staining and H‐score were evaluated. The correlation of H‐score with prognosis was investigated. Sixty‐six per cent of epithelioid tumours were MSLN‐positive (with expression in > 5% tumour cells). Of MSLN‐expressing epithelioid tumours, 70.4% had moderate (2+) or strong (3+) intensity MSLN immunostaining, although only 37% of samples had staining in ≥ 50% of tumour cells. In multivariate analysis, MSLN H‐score as a continuous variable and an H‐score ≥ 33 were independent predictors of improved survival (P = 0.04 and P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsMSLN expression was more heterogenous in epithelioid mesothelioma than reported previously. Therefore, it would be appropriate to perform an immunohistochemical assessment of MSLN expression to stratify and assess patient suitability for mesothelin‐targeted personalised therapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor T cells.
Research progress of B subfamily of leucocyte immunoglobulin‐like receptors in inflammation
Authors: Zhang Mengting , Yang Jun , Zhang Jing , Huang Cuiyuan , Liu Haiyin , Zhang Peiyue , Zhai Yuhong , Liu Li , Yang Jian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLeucocyte immunoglobulin‐like receptors subfamily B (LILRB) belongs to the type I transmembrane glycoproteins, which is the immunosuppressive receptor. LILRBs are widely expressed in bone marrow cells, hematopoietic stem cells, nerve cells and other body cells. Studies have found that LILRBs receptor can bind to a variety of ligands and has a variety of biological functions such as regulating inflammatory response, immune tolerance and cell differentiation. Inflammatory reaction plays a vital role in resisting microorganisms. The function of inhibitory immune receptors can recognize the signs of infection and promote the function of anti‐microbial effect. The inflammatory response must be strictly regulated to prevent excessive inflammation and tissue damage. Therefore, it is of general interest to understand the role of LILRBs in the inflammatory response. Because they can inhibit the anti‐microbial response of neutrophils, some human pathogens use these receptors to escape immunity. This article reviews the biological role of LILRBs in the inflammatory response. We focus on the known ligands of LILRBs, their different roles after binding with ligands, and how these receptors help to form neutrophil responses during infection. Recent studies have shown that LILRBs recruit phosphatases through intracellular tyrosine‐based immunoreceptor inhibitory motifs to negatively regulate immune activation, thereby transmitting inflammation‐related signals, suggesting that LILRBs may be an ideal target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Here, we describe in detail the regulation of LILRBs on the inflammatory response, its signal transduction mode in inflammation, and the progress in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, providing a reference for further research.