bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of general dental practitioners in Northern Ireland on the clinical management of patients taking direct oral anticoagulants
Authors: Kelly Niamh , Hill Stuart , O’Carolan Donncha , Nic Iomhair Aoife , McKenna Gerry , Cleary Gerry , Burnett Kathryn 
Published: February 2023

##Statement of the problem Despite guidance advocating the management of patients taking direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in primary dental care settings, evidence from clinical audit in Northern Ireland suggested that a high proportion of patients were being referred to secondary and tertiary care settings for dental procedures with a bleeding risk. ##Purpose of the study The aim of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of general dental practitioners (GDPs) working in the health service in Northern Ireland on the clinical management of patients taking DOACs in primary dental care. ##Materials and methods: A questionnaire was distributed to the 1,167 registered GDPs in Northern Ireland, assessing perceptions of the clinical management of DOAC patients in primary dental care. The data obtained was analysed using SPSS statistical software. Qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. ##Results A total of 344 questionnaires were analysed. Some 83% (285) of responding GDPs were aware of the Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme (SDCEP) guidance. Some 98% (337) believed that patients taking DOAC medication could potentially be managed in primary care but that additional training was required. Some 80% (275) of GDPs had referred patients to secondary care. Procedures presenting a low risk of postoperative bleeding complications accounted for 12% (41) of referrals. ##Conclusions A lack of GDP confidence and experience in the management of DOAC patients are motivating factors in referral to secondary care settings for treatment. Some 12% of the referrals analysed were potentially inappropriate, given the low risk of associated postoperative bleeding complications. Additional training and support for GDPs, as well as enhanced awareness of the SDCEP guidance, is essential.
Dentists’ attitudes towards the phase-down of dental amalgam in Ireland
Authors: Callanan Aileen , Harding Máiréad , Lynch Christopher D. , Burke Francis M. , Hayes Martina 
Published: February 2023

##Aim This study aimed to explore the attitudes of dentists in Ireland towards the phase-down of dental amalgam in relation to the Minamata Convention on Mercury. ##Methods A cross-sectional survey design was adopted using a quantitative 53-question survey piloted and distributed to dentists working in general dental practice. ##Results The study had a response rate of 11.8% (n=285). The study found a high level of awareness regarding recommended guidelines concerning the Minamata Convention on Mercury, with 96% of participants reporting that they were aware of the recommendations. Over half of the participants (61%) reported that they felt the phase-down was a good idea. ##Conclusions Training and remuneration were identified as the main barriers to a total phase-out of dental amalgam in Ireland in the future.
The Impact of Parents' Role on the Motivation and Achievement of Gifted Children with Special Needs: A Review
Authors: Marwan Alatawi 
Published: February 2023

Background: Some unusual children experience prolonged distracted stress or risk factors that prevent them from maximizing their potential without specific treatment or support. Therefore, it appears that studying parental motivation and its impact on gifted children is very important.
Objectives: The primary goal of this paper is to determine the impact of parental involvement on the development and motivation—of gifted children with special needs education (double exceptional). The paper also indicates the impact of parental involvement on children's educational outcomes.
Results: The findings of this paper indicate that parental involvement significantly influences the motivation of children with special needs in terms of their achievement in the arts and how much they affect the academic achievement of double-exceptional students related to various aspects of science and life.
Conclusion: As we found that parents are the initiators of double-differentiation in their children, future studies could explore knowledge and awareness of double-differentiation in parents. But our study reading how parents came to know their children twice unusually is essential as a first step in assessing parental thinking.
A Digital Diagnosis Tool for Children with Dyslexia against Similar Criteria DSM-5
Authors: Bazuhair Narjees Abdulghaffar , Bazuhair Naseem Abdulghaffar 
Published: February 2023

Background: we stand on the fact that what makes diagnosing dyslexia difficult is that students with dyslexia are of very normal or even extraordinary intelligence. It is important to prepare a tool that enables the initial diagnosis of this disorder, and in the light of its results, a report is formulated on the degree of injury of the person being tested.
Aims: The aim is to develop a reliable and validated tool for children with dyslexia.
Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select children aged 4-8 years as the study population. Inclusion criteria were (1) age between 4 and 8 years; (2) be able to speak; and (3) Keep attending kindergarten and school. Children's parents and teachers were given full information about the study, and all signed an informed written consent form. Ninety children were included in this study. Word spelling Test, Letter rapid automatized naming Test, Recognition of a first sound test, Deletion of a first sound test, Blending test, and Segmentation test was developed and used.
Findings: The content validity of all tests was measured. The correlation coefficients between each subscale and the total scale ranged from 0.54 to 0.58.
Conclusion: This tool is expected to assist teachers in identifying, accurately assessing, and formulating a learning program that fits the abilities and needs of the children.
Meta-analytic evidence that allelopathy may increase the success and impact of invasive grasses
Authors: Singh Manya , Daehler Curtis C. 
Published: February 2023

Background
In the grass family, a disproportionate number of species have been designated as being invasive. Various growth traits have been proposed to explain the invasiveness of grasses; however, the possibility that allelopathy gives invasive grasses a competitive advantage has attracted relatively little attention. Recent research has isolated plant allelochemicals that are mostly specific to the grass family that can breakdown into relatively stable, toxic byproducts.

Methods
We conducted a meta-analysis of studies on grass allelopathy to test three prominent hypotheses from invasion biology and competition theory: (1) on native recipients, non-native grasses will have a significantly more negative effect compared to native grasses (Novel Weapons Hypothesis); (2) among native grasses, their effect on non-native recipients will be significantly more negative compared to their effect on native recipients (Biotic Resistance Hypothesis); and (3) allelopathic impacts will increase with phylogenetic distance (Phylogenetic Distance Hypothesis). From 23 studies, we gathered a dataset of 524 observed effect sizes (delta log response ratios) measuring the allelopathic impact of grasses on growth and germination of recipient species, and we used non-linear mixed-effects Bayesian modeling to test the hypotheses.

Results
We found support for the Novel Weapons Hypothesis: on native recipients, non-native grasses were twice as suppressive as native grasses (22% vs 11%, respectively). The Phylogenetic Distance Hypothesis was supported by our finding of a significant correlation between phylogenetic distance and allelopathic impact. The Biotic Resistance Hypothesis was not supported. Overall, this meta-analysis adds to the evidence that allelochemicals may commonly contribute to successful or high impact invasions in the grass family. Increased awareness of the role of allelopathy in soil legacy effects associated with grass invasions may improve restoration outcomes through implementation of allelopathy-informed restoration practices. Examples of allelopathy-informed practices, and the knowledge needed to utilize them effectively, are discussed, including the use of activated carbon to neutralize allelochemicals and modify the soil microbial community.
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Carbone Michele , Gomez Daniel R. , Tsao Anne S. , Yang Haining , Pass Harvey I. 
Published: February 2023

OverviewMalignant pleural mesothelioma is an aggressive malignancy with an incidence that may be peaking worldwide. While the majority of patients do ultimately die of this disease, there have been substantial treatment and diagnostic shifts over the past decade that may improve long‐term outcomes. These changes include worldwide interest in defining early detection biomarkers for the disease, a debate as to the optimal surgical approach (extrapleural pneumonectomy vs lung‐sparing methods such as pleurectomy/decortication), further refinement of radiation techniques that allow for conformal treatment fields and the delivery of radiation with the involved lung intact, and the emergence of systemic therapies that are targeted in nature and allow for the increased individualization of care. Indeed, prospective clinical trials assessing the safety and efficacy of novel treatment approaches will be essential to the standardization of paradigms that improve outcomes. It is hoped that the maturation of these efforts will lead to an optimal approach in which earlier stage patients will benefit from multiple modalities that will provide synergistic control while limiting toxicity, thereby increasing the number of long‐term survivors over the next one to two decades.
Role of Platelet‐Bound C4d (PC4d) in Predicting Risk of Future Thrombotic Events in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Gartshteyn Yevgeniya , Conklin John , Petri Michelle A. , Kyttaris Vasileios C. , Goldman Daniel W. , Kammesheidt Anja , Askanase Anca D. , Alexander Roberta Vezza 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivePlatelet‐bound complement activation product C4d (PC4d) levels correlate with history of thrombosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The present study evaluated whether PC4d levels could assess risk of future thrombosis events.MethodsPC4d level was measured by flow cytometry. Thromboses were confirmed by electronic medical record data review.ResultsThe study included 418 patients. Nineteen events (13 arterial and 6 venous) occurred in 15 subjects in the 3 years post‐PC4d level measurement. PC4d levels above the optimum cutoff of 13 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) predicted future arterial thrombosis with a hazard ratio of 4.34 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.03–18.3) (P = 0.046) and a diagnostic odds ratio (OR) of 4.30 (95% CI 1.19–15.54). Negative predictive value of PC4d level of ≤13 MFI for arterial thrombosis was 99% (95% CI 97–100%). Although a PC4d level of >13 MFI did not reach statistical significance for prediction of total thrombosis (arterial and venous) (diagnostics OR 2.50 [95% CI 0.88–7.06]; P = 0.08), it was associated with all thrombosis (n = 70 historic and future arterial and venous events in the 5 years pre‐ to 3 years post‐PC4d level measurement) with an OR of 2.45 (95% CI 1.37–4.32; P = 0.0016). In addition, the negative predictive value of PC4d level of ≤13 MFI for all future thrombosis events was 97% (95% CI 95–99%).ConclusionsA PC4d level of >13 MFI predicted future arterial thrombosis and was associated with all thrombosis. Patients with SLE presenting with a PC4d level of ≤13 MFI had high probability of not experiencing arterial or any thrombosis in the 3 years afterwards. Taken together, these findings indicate that PC4d levels may help predict the risk of future thrombosis events in SLE.
Zwitterionic Gradient Double‐Network Hydrogel Membranes with Superior Biofouling Resistance for Sustainable Osmotic Energy Harvesting
Authors: Huang Kang‐Ting , Hung Wen‐Hsin , Su Yu‐Chun , Tang Fu‐Cheng , Linh Lam Dieu , Huang Chun‐Jen , Yeh Li‐Hsien 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeveloping ion‐selective membranes with anti‐biofouling property and biocompatibility is highly crucial in harvesting osmotic energy in natural environments and for future biomimetic applications. However, the exploration of membranes with these properties in osmotic energy conversion remain largely unaddressed. Herein, a tough zwitterionic gradient double‐network hydrogel membrane (ZGDHM) with excellent biofouling resistance and cytocompatibility for sustainable osmotic energy harvesting is demonstrated. The ZGDHM, composed of negatively charged 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) as the first scaffold network and zwitterionic sulfobetaine acrylamide (SBAA) as the second network, is prepared by a two‐step photopolymerization, thus creating continuous gradient double‐network nanoarchitecture and then remarkably enhanced mechanical properties. As verified by the experiments and simulations, the gradient nanoarchitecture endows the hydrogel membrane with apparent ionic diode effect and space‐charge‐governed transport property, thus facilitating directional ion transport. Consequently, the ZGDHM can achieve a power density of 5.44 W m−2 by mixing artificial seawater and river water, surpassing the commercial benchmark. Most importantly, the output power can be promoted to an unprecedented value of 49.6 W m−2 at the mixing of salt‐lake water and river water, nearly doubling up most of the existing nanofluidic membranes. This study paves a new avenue toward developing ultrahigh‐performance osmotic energy harvesters for biomimetic applications.
Ion‐Bolometric Effect in Grain Boundaries Enabled High Photovoltage Response for NIR to Terahertz Photodetection
Authors: Li Mengyao , Xu Hang , Wang Silei , Song Chunyu , Li Jitao , Liu Yanyan , Zhang Haijian , Zheng Chenglong , Zhang Yating , Yao Jianquan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe excellent performance of bolometers in the infrared and terahertz regions has attracted great attention. Understanding the transport process of charged particles is an efficient approach to determine detector performance. However, the lack of studies on the fine‐scale spatial motion of microscopic particles in bolometers has prevented a full understanding of the physical process. Herein, using micro‐nano‐scale optoelectronic performance correlation measurements, it is described how prevalent defect states at the grain boundaries (GBs) decrease current responses. Ions at the GBs of the polycrystalline perovskite bolometer contribute to the photocurrent via thermal excitons. In addition, the built‐in electric field established by ion migration fluctuates periodically with the strength of the light‐heating process due to the interaction between the bolometric effect and the Coulomb force. Additionally, the first ion‐bolometric detector is demonstrated with a significant photovoltage response to infrared and THz waves (75.3 kV W−1 at 1064 nm and 2.3 kV W−1 at 0.22 THz). An examination of the THz images shows the potential for large‐area THz imaging applications. The ion‐bolometric effect combines the broad spectral characteristics of the bolometer effect with the temperature sensitivity due to ion migration and provides a unique perspective on detector technology.
Resonant Coherent Acoustic Oscillation in Nanoscale Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Films
Authors: Zhang Zhen Yu , Wang Guo Ping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTime‐domain study of coherent acoustic phonons in nanomaterials provides dynamic and unparalleled insight into their mechanical and structural features. Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskite shows excellent acoustic behaviors due to the large impedance mismatch between its hard perovskite frameworks and soft organic chains. However, the optical probe‐independent acoustic nano‐mechanical resonance and its real application in this important class of semiconductors have not yet been achieved. Herein, the acoustic breathing mode of resonant coherent phonons (RCP) in nanoscale RP perovskite films is reported. In contrast to the previously reported Brillouin mode in thick materials, such resonant breathing mode is no longer interfered by the optical probe, but as a self‐sustained acoustic oscillation source whose features are directly related to material geometry along the direction of phonon propagation. As a nano‐mechanical resonance, RCP oscillation is applied as a novel and non‐destructive approach for quantitatively evaluating the decomposition of moisture‐exposed RP perovskite. These results reveal the decisive effect of structural geometry on acoustic performances in perovskite nanomaterials. The nanoscale counterparts show evident advantages in acoustic mode modulation and structure detection.
Engineering the Pore Structure and Functionality of Ionic Porous Polymers for Separating Acetylene over Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Pan Hanqian , Suo Xian , Yang Zhenglu , Yang Lifeng , Cui Xili , Xing Huabin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrecise engineering of organic porous polymers to realize the selective separation of structurally similar gases presents a great challenge. In this study, a new class of ionic porous polymers P(Ph3Im‐Br‐nDVB) with a high ionic density and microporous surface area are constructed through a facile copolymerization strategy, providing an efficient path to rational control over pore structure and functionality. The first example of ionic porous organic polymers is reported to address the challenge of discriminating the subtle difference of C2H2 and CO2, which have almost identical molecular sizes and similar physicochemical properties, which achieve the highest C2H2/CO2 selectivity (17.9) among porous organic polymers. These ionic porous polymers exhibit high stability and excellent dynamic breakthrough performance for binary C2H2/CO2 mixtures, indicating their practical feasibility. Modeling studies reveal that anions are the specific binding sites for preferential C2H2 capture because of Br−···HCCH interactions. This study not only demonstrates an efficient strategy to build novel ionic porous polymers integrating abundant micropores and ionic sites but also sheds some light on the development of functionalized materials for the separation of structurally similar gas molecules.
Solid‐State Electrochemical Thermal Transistors
Authors: Yang Qian , Cho Hai Jun , Bian Zhiping , Yoshimura Mitsuki , Lee Joonhyuk , Jeen Hyoungjeen , Lin Jinghuang , Wei Jiake , Feng Bin , Ikuhara Yuichi , Ohta Hiromichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThermal transistors that electrically control heat flow have attracted growing attention as thermal management devices and phonon logic circuits. Although several thermal transistors are demonstrated, the use of liquid electrolytes may limit the application from the viewpoint of reliability or liquid leakage. Herein, a solid‐state thermal transistor that can electrochemically control the heat flow with an on‐to‐off ratio of the thermal conductivity (κ) of ≈4 without using any liquid is demonstrated. The thermal transistor is a multilayer film composed of an upper electrode, strontium cobaltite (SrCoOx), solid electrolyte, and bottom electrode. An electrochemical redox treatment at 280 °C in air repeatedly modulates the crystal structure and κ of the SrCoOx layer. The fully oxidized perovskite‐structured SrCoO3 layer shows a high κ ≈3 .8 W m−1 K−1, whereas the fully reduced defect perovskite‐structured SrCoO2 layer shows a low κ ≈ 0.95 W m−1 K−1. The present solid‐state electrochemical thermal transistor may become next‐generation devices toward future thermal management technology.
Reconfiguring Hard Carbons with Emerging Sodium‐Ion Batteries: A Perspective
Authors: Chu Yue , Zhang Jun , Zhang Yibo , Li Qi , Jia Yiran , Dong Ximan , Xiao Jing , Tao Ying , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHard carbons, an important category of amorphous carbons, are non‐graphitizable and are widely accepted as the most promising anode materials for emerging sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs)， because of their changeable low‐potential charge/discharge plateaus. However, their microstructures are not fixed and are difficult to accurately demonstrate as graphites do. The successful use of hard carbons in SIBs revives the interest to clearly picture their complicated microstructures that are in close relevance to sodium storage. In this review, the past definitions and structural models of hard carbons are revisited first, and a renewed understanding of their sodium storage is presented. Three critical structural features are highlighted for hard carbons, namely crystallites, defects, and nanopores, which are directly responsible for the presence of the low‐potential plateaus and their reversible extension. The impact of these structural features upon the sodium storage is then deeply discussed and sieving carbons is finally proposed as an ideal configuration of carbon anode for superhigh sodium storage. This review is expected to offer a clear picture of hard carbons, and help realize a truly rational design of high‐capacity carbon anodes, driving the industrialization of SIBs, and more promisingly open up a window for exploring their possible new uses.
Inverted Y‐shaped technique for complex superior mesenteric / portal vein reconstruction in pancreatoduodenectomy for locally advanced pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kaluba Benson , Kuriyama Naohisa , Ito Takahiro , Tanemura Akihiro , Mizuno Shugo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMost pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) procedures for locally advanced pancreatic head adenocarcinoma (PDAC) require superior mesenteric/portal vein (SMV/PV) axis resection and reconstruction. Here we describe the inverted Y‐shaped as a new technique for complex SMV/PV reconstruction and aimed at evaluating its safety and effectiveness. Among 287 patients who underwent PD for locally advanced PDAC from April, 2007 to December, 2020 at our hospital, 11 patients (3.8%) who underwent PV/SMV reconstruction with this technique were enrolled. Briefly, two distal veins were slit‐wedged, sutured, resulting in one orifice, then reconstruction was completed with (n = 6) or without (n = 5) interposed autologous right external iliac vein (REIV) grafts, respectively. Operation time and blood loss were 649 (502–822) min and 1782 (475–6680) mL, respectively. The median length of resected SMV/PV was 40 (20–70) mm, 50 (50–70) mm for REIV grafts, and the splenic vein was resected in eight patients. No patient developed pancreatic fistula; mild leg edema was observed in the six graft patients and the median hospital stay was 36.0 d. PV patency rate at 2 mo after PD was 91% (10/11) and no 90‐d mortality was recorded. R0 resection rate was 91% (10/11). It is feasible to safely reconstruct the SMV/PV using the inverted Y‐shaped technique in appropriately selected PDAC patients.