bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A FEM‐PD coupling based on Arlequin approach to impose boundary conditions in peridynamics
Authors: Pernatii Anna , Gabbert Ulrich , Hesse Jan‐Timo , Willberg Christian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe peridynamic approach (PD) is a continuous theory that is well suited for solving damage problems. Because of the nonlocal formulation, PD can predict the response of a material and fracture patterns with high probability in high dynamic processes. In PD, some parameters differ from the continuum formulation and have some deviation in discretized PD systems, such as a horizon. A material constant becomes a parameter dependent on the mesh size. A sticking point, which has to be considered, is that an incomplete horizon at the boundaries results in an unphysical variation of the material's stiffness in these regions. Material points at the boundaries do not have an entire nonlocal neighborhood, meaning the points have fewer bonds and are softer than points within the domain. This leads to the so‐called surface effect. The difficulties in applying the classical local initial and boundary conditions happen because of the nonlocal character of the PD. To overcome this problem, several correction techniques have been developed. Nevertheless, a standard method to describe them is not available yet. An alternative approach is the application of the earlier proposed FEM‐PD coupling, which can be seen as a local‐nonlocal coupling method. The damage‐free zones are analyzed by the FEM as classical local theory, while the domain where the fracture is expected is modeled with the PD as a nonlocal theory. Consequently, the reduction of the computational effort as well as the imposing of the conventional local boundary conditions, is achieved. The coupling method is based on the Arlequin method—an energy‐based procedure where the energy of a system is found as a weighted average of both systems. The mechanical compatibility in the overlapping zone of both domains is reached by implementing constraints with the help of the penalty method. In the paper at hand, the focus is on imposing BCs. The proposed method is applied to both static and dynamic applications. The accuracy and convergence behavior is evaluated by analyzing test examples.
Multigrid multilevel Monte Carlo for a lattice with a displacement
Authors: Ramirez‐Hidalgo Gustavo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Hutchinson method can be used to estimate the trace of a function of a matrix A, that is, , stochastically. With the variance of the Hutchinson estimator decreasing as , techniques to reduce the variance of this estimator become necessary due to the high accuracy required by some calculations in scientific computing. In lattice QCD, where A is the Dirac operator D stemming from a discretization of the Dirac equation, the accuracy of some calculations involving renders them practically unfeasible if one uses the Hutchinson estimator to approximate the trace. One such variance reduction technique, known as multigrid multilevel Monte Carlo, has been introduced recently to deal with for the Laplace 2D, Gauge Laplacian, and Schwinger problems. We use it here in the context of lattice QCD, and moreover, we analyze its impact when dealing with , where is the matrix that emerges when a displacement in one of the four spacetime dimensions of the lattice is introduced. This latter trace is of importance when computing generalized parton distributions in lattice QCD.
Feasibility of pevonedistat combined with azacitidine, fludarabine, cytarabine in pediatric relapsed/refractory AML: Results from COG ADVL1712
Authors: Tarlock Katherine , Liu Xiaowei , Minard Charles G. , Isikwei Emasenyie A. , Reid Joel M. , Horton Terzah M. , Fox Elizabeth , Weigel Brenda J. , Cooper Todd 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundOutcomes for children with relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are poor, and new therapies are needed. Pevonedistat is an inhibitor of the NEDD‐8 activating enzyme, a key regulator of the ubiquitin proteasome system that is responsible for protein turnover, with protein degradation regulating cell growth and survival.ProcedureWe evaluated the feasibility, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of pevonedistat (20 mg/m2 days 1, 3, 5) in combination with azacitidine, fludarabine, cytarabine (aza‐FLA) in children with R/R AML and MDS (NCT03813147). Twelve patients were enrolled, median age was 13 years (range 1–21). Median number of prior chemotherapeutic regimens was two (range one to five), and two (25%) patients had prior hematopoietic cell transplantation. Diagnoses were AML NOS (n = 10, 83%), acute monocytic leukemia (n = 1), and therapy‐related AML (n = 1).ResultsOverall, three of 12 (25%) patients experienced DLTs. The day 1 mean ± SD (n = 12) Cmax, VSS, T1/2, and CL were 223 ± 91 ng/mL, 104 ± 53.8 L/m2, 4.3 ± 1.2 hours, and 23.2 ± 6.9 L/h/m2, respectively. T1/2, VSS, and Cmax, but not CL, were significantly different between age groups. The overall response rate was 25%, with n = 3 patients achieving a complete remission with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi).ConclusionsPevonedistat 20 mg/m2 combined with Aza‐FLA was tolerable in children with R/R AML with similar toxicity profile to other intensive AML regimens. However, within the confines of a phase 1 study, we did not observe that the pevonedistat + Aza‐FLA combination demonstrated significant anti‐leukemic activity.
MetaLAB‐HOI: Template standardization of health outcomes enable massive and accurate detection of adverse drug reactions from electronic health records
Authors: Lee Suehyun , Shin Hyunah , Choe Seon , Kang Min‐Gyu , Kim Sae‐Hoon , Kang Dong Yoon , Kim Ju Han 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to advance the MetaLAB algorithm and verify its performance with multicenter data to effectively detect major adverse drug reactions (ADRs), including drug‐induced liver injury.MethodsBased on MetaLAB, we created an optimal scenario for detecting ADRs by considering demographic and clinical records. MetaLAB‐HOI was developed to identify ADR signals using common model‐based multicenter electronic health record (EHR) data from the clinical health outcomes of interest (HOI) template and design for drug‐exposed and nonexposed groups. In this study, we calculated the odds ratio of 101 drugs for HOI in Konyang University Hospital, Seoul National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University Hospital, and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital.ResultsThe overlapping drugs in four medical centers are amlodipine, aspirin, bisoprolol, carvedilol, clopidogrel, clozapine, digoxin, diltiazem, methotrexate, and rosuvastatin. We developed MetaLAB‐HOI, an algorithm that can detect ADRs more efficiently using EHR. We compared the detection results of four medical centers, with drug‐induced liver injuries as representative ADRs.ConclusionsMetaLAB‐HOI's strength lies in fully utilizing the patient's clinical information, such as prescription, procedure, and laboratory results, to detect ADR signals. Considering changes in the patient's condition over time, we created an algorithm based on a scenario that accounted for each drug exposure and onset period supervised by specialists for HOI. We determined that when a template capable of detecting ADR based on clinical evidence is developed and manualized, it can be applied in medical centers for new drugs with insufficient data.
A rapid fabrication of flexible fluoropolymer with porous structure based on a high internal phase emulsion template
Authors: Xia Xianger , Li Xiaoshuang , Ma Kunkai , Chen Yezhen , Luan Zhenchao , Chu Hongyue , Geng Bing , Yan Mei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlthough fluorinated porous materials are considered promising candidates due to their high porosity, low density and acid and alkali resistance, they still face several challenges, such as complex preparation methods, heat‐induced polymerization of fluorinated emulsion taking too long and material brittleness. In this study, we avoided the difficult problem of stability of fluorine‐containing emulsions. We prepared functional hydrophobic hyperelastomers with morphological control, excellent oil absorption and recyclability by thiol–ene click photopolymerization using a water‐in‐oil high internal phase emulsion as template. The oil absorption capacity of the B4‐30%Si sample did not change after 10 recycles. By combining the advantages of organic fluorine and inorganic silicon, the prepared foam retains hydrophobicity and excellent chemical resistance, and has excellent structural and mechanical properties and can be compressed up to a 90% strain without rupture. Finally, the composite porous material B4‐30%Si has greater thermal stability (up to 280 °C) than commercially available polypropylene separators, due to the introduction of fluorine and silicon, and better flexibility and mechanical strength than glass fiber separators. Therefore, these materials are promising for use in lithium–sulfur batteries and wearable electronic components after further modification. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Hyperspectral Imaging as a Facile and Non‐Destructive Method for Size Analysis of Gold Nanoparticles Deposited on Porous Materials
Authors: Ciemięga Agnieszka , Maresz Katarzyna , Romaszewski Michał , Głomb Przemysław , Krupska‐Wolas Paulina , Prusik Krystian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHerein, the feasibility of using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) for fast and non‐destructive size estimation of supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is demonstrated. NPs of different sizes in the range of 2–12 nm in diameter are deposited onto silica supports with various pore structure. The NPs sizes are determined on the basis of TEM images. Data from HSI and UV–vis spectra, i.e., the location of the reflectance minimum and absorption maximum, respectively, are compared, and good agreement is obtained. Thus, it is shown that the hyperspectral camera can be an effective tool to characterize the size of gold NPs deposited on a porous supports.
Real‐life experience with a generic formulation of lumacaftor‐ivacaftor in patients with cystic fibrosis homozygous for the Phe508del CFTR mutation
Authors: Teper Alejandro , Lubovich Silvina , Rodríguez Viviana , Zaragoza Silvina , Rodríguez Ezequiel , Bournissen Facundo García 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionCystic fibrosis (CF) is the most frequent recessive autosomal disorder in the Caucasian population. It is caused by mutations that result in a deficient or dysfunctional cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity. Among CFTR modulators, potentiator compounds increase channel opening, whereas corrector compounds increase CFTR quantity in the cell surface.ObjectiveTo report real‐life effects of a generic formulation of lumacaftor‐ivacaftor use in patients with CF homozygous for the Phe508del CFTR mutation.Patients and MethodsClinical variables (body mass index [BMI], pulmonary exacerbations, sweat test, and pulmonary function) were analyzed in 30 CF patients homozygous for the Phe508del CFTR mutation, treated with lumacaftor‐ivacaftor for 12 months, at the Respiratory Center of Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez. These clinical variables were compared with those before the use of modulators.ResultsA total of 30 patients with CF homozygous for the Phe508del CFTR mutation receiving lumacaftor‐ivacaftor therapy were included in this study. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age at the start of treatment was 10.79 (7.08–14.05) years. Nineteen patients were male. Before treatment, median (IQR) sweat chloride concentration was 80 (72–92) mEq/L, and it had decreased to 74 (68–78) mEq/L (p = .05) 12 months after treatment. Median (IQR) BMI z‐score improved from −0.33 (−0.86 to 0.21) to −0.13 (−0.66 to 0.54) (p = .003). A spirometry was performed in 28 of 30 patients. Median (IQR) ppFEV1 was 83.5 (71–91) before treatment and 86.5 (67–103) after treatment (p = .38), 73.3% of patients referred decreased sputum production and 40% reported improvement in their dyspnea at 12 months. Severe pulmonary exacerbations significantly decreased from 60% in the year before treatment, to 30% at 12 months after treatment (p = .037); 13 patients showed an improvement in their exacerbation rates, 2 showed an increased rate, and 15 showed no change.ConclusionsThe use of a generic formulation of lumacaftor‐ivacaftor in patients homozygous for the Phe508del CFTR mutation was associated with improvement in nutritional status and respiratory symptoms, and a significant reduction in severe pulmonary exacerbations.
AdS/BCFT Correspondence and Horndeski Gravity in the Presence of Gauge Fields: Holographic Paramagnetism/Ferromagnetism Phase Transition
Authors: Santos Fabiano F. , Bravo‐Gaete Moisés , Sokoliuk Oleksii , Baransky Alexander 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a dual gravity model for a (2+1)‐dimensional system with a limit on finite charge density and temperature, which will be used to study the properties of the holographic phase transition to paramagnetism‐ferromagnetism in the presence of Horndeski gravity terms. In our model, the non‐zero charge density is supported by a magnetic field. As a result, the radius indicates a localized condensate, as the Horndeski gravity parameter is increased, that is represented by γ. Furthermore, such condensate shows quantum Hall‐type behavior. This radius is also inversely related to the total action coefficients of our model. It is observed that increasing the Horndeski parameter decreases the critical temperature of the holographic model and leads to the harder formation of the magnetic moment at the bottom of the black hole. However, when removing the magnetic field, the ferromagnetic material presents a disorder of its magnetic moments, which is observed through the entropy of the system. The authors also found that at low temperatures, spontaneous magnetization and ferromagnetic phase transition.
How does the neighbourhood environment influence migrants' subjective well‐being in urban China?
Authors: Cheng Hanbei , Su Lingling , Li Zhigang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the role of sense of place (SoP) in the relationship between the neighbourhood environment (NE) and subjective well‐being (SWB), focusing on Chinese migrants who face spatial and cultural displacement. Beyond previous research, we further consider the influence of residential length. Surveying 716 migrants in Wuhan in 2018, we explore the dynamic place mechanisms underlying the association between the NE and SWB. Our findings reveal that the physical and social aspects of the NE, particularly walkability and social integration, significantly impact migrants' SWB. Moreover, SoP mediates the relationship between the NE and SWB, highlighting the social production function of people and places in communities. Long‐term residence does not directly affect migrants' SWB, yet just indirectly influence SWB through SoP. This underscores the ongoing pertinence and significance of SoP, connecting residential stability to positive social implications. This study concludes that the place mechanism underlying the association between the NE and migrants' SWB operates both through migrants' emotional connections to a specific place (SoP) and the reinforcement of place experience resulting from a longer duration of residence. To establish inclusive communities, we propose planning and governance measures that enhance space quality, empower neighbourhoods to foster SoP, strengthen residential stability, and improve migrants' SWB.
Study on the thermal oxidation of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids by synchrotron radiation photoionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Qian Bing , Hu Yonghua , Xu Minggao , Yang Jiuzhong , Liu Chengyuan , Pan Yang 
Published: September 2023

RationaleCooking oil fumes contain numerous hazardous and carcinogenic chemicals, posing potential threats to human health. However, the sources of these species remain ambiguous, impeding health risk assessment, pollution control and mechanism research.MethodsTo address this issue, the thermal oxidation of three common unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), namely oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids, present in vegetable oils was investigated. The volatile and semi‐volatile products were comprehensively characterized by online synchrotron radiation photoionization mass spectrometry (SR‐PIMS) with two modes, which were validated and complemented using offline gas chromatography (GC)/MS methods. Tunable SR‐PIMS combined with photoionization efficiency curve simulation enabled the recognition of isomers/isobars in gaseous fumes.ResultsSR‐PIMS revealed over 100 products, including aldehydes, alkenes, furans, aromatic hydrocarbons, etc., such as small molecules of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, ethylene and furan, which are not readily detected by conventional GC/MS; and some unreported fractions, e.g. ketene, 4‐ethylcyclohexene and cycloundecene(E), were also observed. Furthermore, real‐time monitoring of product emissions during the thermal oxidation of the three UFAs via SR‐PIMS revealed that linolenic acid may be the major source of acrolein.ConclusionSR‐PIMS has been demonstrated as a powerful technique for online investigation of cooking oil fumes. This study achieved comprehensive characterization of volatile and semi‐volatile products from the thermal oxidation of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids, facilitating the traceability of species in cooking fumes and aiding in exploring the thermal reactions of different vegetable oils.
Geography of firms and propagation of local economic conditions
Authors: Bernile Gennaro , Delikouras Stefanos , Korniotis George M. , Kumar Alok 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study shows that the geographic network of public firms facilitates the propagation of local economic conditions across the United States. We identify economic connections among U.S. states based on the 10‐K listings of public firms and show that the returns and liquidity of firms headquartered in connected states exhibit excess comovement. The economic connections also generate spillover effects where the economy of a state affects its connected states and amplifies the impact of local economic conditions on the U.S. economy. In particular, a 1% production increase in a large state like California is associated with a 6.71% change in annual U.S. GDP growth, relative to average GDP growth.
Saturated exponential super‐twisting sliding mode control for bottom‐following of biomimetic underwater vehicles with unmeasured velocities
Authors: Gao Liyang , Qin Hongde , Li Peng , Si Jinshuai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article addresses the bottom‐following problem for biomimetic underwater vehicles without translational velocity measurements in the presence of complex uncertainties and actuator saturation. A novel saturated exponential super‐twisting algorithm based integral terminal sliding mode control (SESTA‐ITSMC) scheme is created to ensure fast convergence and strong robustness as well as attenuate the chattering of actuators. Salient features are as follows. Instead of discontinuous term in the conventional super‐twisting algorithm, a novel SESTA is developed by incorporating a fractional power term, which ensures that the system achieves a faster transient response, effectively eliminating the chattering phenomenon. Then, to deal with the unknown states and further improve the anti‐interference ability of the system, the finite‐time dual estimator is devised to fast and precisely estimate the translational velocities and lumped uncertainties. Finally, a finite‐time anti‐windup auxiliary system is proposed to compensate for the saturation constraints on actuators in real time. Finite‐time convergence of estimation errors and bottom following errors is guaranteed by the Lyapunov stability theory. Comparative simulation results fully demonstrate the excellence of the proposed SESTA‐ITSMC scheme.
COVID‐19 pandemic effects on trajectories of college students' stress, coping, and sleep quality: A four‐year longitudinal analysis
Authors: Brown Joshua K. , Papp Lauren M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCollege students' stress levels, coping strategies, and sleep quality are important indicators of functioning and further predict their health and well‐being. The current study utilises data repeatedly collected over more than 4 years from students enroled at a large public research university in the Midwestern US. Our data collection period coincided with the COVID‐19 pandemic's onset, facilitating systematic examination of whether and how college students' trajectories (i.e., level and slopes) of stress, coping, and sleep quality changed as the pandemic progressed. Across five waves, surveys assessed multiple outcome and predictor domains every 6 months. Analyses revealed differential courses of change for the outcomes. Stress levels were overall lower immediately after the onset but trended upwards as the pandemic continued. Reported coping reduced significantly after the onset and showed a steeper decline as the pandemic wore on. Sleep quality showed no significant pandemic changes over time, though sleep duration and timing showed initial onset effects. College students' stress, coping, and sleep changed in complex and nuanced ways after the pandemic's onset and findings from our longitudinal analyses expand upon those from previous limited repeated measure and cross‐sectional studies. Altogether, findings demonstrate multifaceted changes that may have ongoing effects to affect well‐being during key developmental stages.
Hollow Plasmonic P‐Metal‐N S‐Scheme Heterojunction Photoreactor with Spatially Separated Dual Cocatalysts toward Artificial Photosynthesis
Authors: Zhang Yan , Shi Hulin , Zhao Shuyi , Chen Zhulei , Zheng Yiyi , Tu Gaomei , Zhong Shuxian , Zhao Yuling , Bai Song 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSemiconductor‐based step‐scheme (S‐scheme) heterojunctions possess many merits toward mimicking natural photosynthesis. However, their applications for solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion are hindered by inefficient charge utilization and unsatisfactory surface reactivity. Herein, two synergistic protocols are demonstrated to overcome these limitations based on the construction of a hollow plasmonic p‐metal‐n S‐scheme heterojunction photoreactor with spatially separated dual noble‐metal‐free cocatalysts. On one side, plasmonic Au, inserted into the heterointerfaces of CuS@ZnIn2S4 core–shell nanoboxes, not only accelerates the transfer and recombination of useless charges, enabling a more thorough separation of useful ones for CO2 reduction and H2O oxidation but also generates hot electrons and holes, respectively injects them into ZnIn2S4 and CuS, further increasing the number of active carriers participating in redox reactions. On the other side, Fe(OH)x and Ti3C2 cocatalysts, separately located on the CuS and ZnIn2S4 surface, enrich the redox sites, adjust the reduction potential and pathway for selective CO2‐to‐CH4 transformation, and balance the transfer and consumption of photocarriers. As expected, significantly enhanced activity and selectivity in CH4 production are achieved by the smart design along with nearly stoichiometric ratios of reduction and oxidation products. This study paves the way for optimizing artificial photosynthetic systems via rational interfacial channel introduction and surface cocatalyst modification.