bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Translatability of Pun in Audio-Visual Content: The Case of Shark Tale
Authors: Yassin Rozan , Jaradat Abdulazeez , Haider Ahmad S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Translating puns in audio-visual content is challenging, as they are often humorous, are paired with visual cues that restrict translators’ creativity, and do not last long on the screen. This research article investigates the translatability of puns in the animated movie Shark Tale from English into Arabic in both its subtitled and dubbed versions. The data are qualitatively analyzed according to Aleksandrova’s (2019. Audiovisual translation of puns in animated films. The European Journal of Humour Research, 7(4), 86–105) Taxonomy, and it is found that the translators generally tend to ignore or avoid translating puns in a way that preserves both or one of the pun signs or at least raises a sense of humor. This avoidance can take the shape of Literal Translation or No Translation (omission). Nonetheless, the alternative translations provided by the researchers confirm that puns can be translated by accepting the game of translation using two different strategies: (a) Quasi-Translation where the translator preserves one of the signs of the original pun and replaces the other with a suitable one from the target language and (b) Free Translation where the translator replaces the two signs of the source pun with new signs from the target language. Additionally, it is found in this study that the identity and complexity of puns are involved in their translatability. Specifically, visual puns and complex puns, which are culturally very local, are subject to being ignored by No Translation (i.e., omitting the linguistic host of a pun). Concerning the relation between translation of puns and modes of translation, no difference in the quality of pun translation in the subtitled and dubbed versions is found. These findings imply that humorous and figurative language is difficult to deal with while transferring them into another language; yet, they are translatable. Therefore, translators should have a positive attitude toward it, as translating this language, such as puns, can be obtained by more than one technique (i.e., Free and Quasi) that could preserve or raise a sense of humor.
Targeting mediating mechanisms of social disparities with an interventional effects framework, applied to the gender pay gap in Western Germany
Authors: Didden Christiane 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Oaxaca-Blinder (OB) decomposition is a widely used method to explain social disparities. However, assigning causal meaning to its estimated components requires strong assumptions that often lack explicit justification. This article emphasizes the importance of clearly defined estimands and their identification when targeting mediating mechanisms of social disparities. Three approaches are distinguished on the basis of their scientific questions and assumptions: a mediation approach and two interventional approaches. The OB decomposition and Monte Carlo simulation-based g-computation are discussed for estimation in relation to these approaches. The latter method is used in an interventional effects analysis of the observed gender pay gap in Western Germany, using data from the 2017 German Socio-Economic Panel. Ten mediators are considered, including indicators of human capital and job characteristics. Key findings indicate that the gender pay gap in log hourly wages could be reduced by up to 86% if these mediators were equally distributed between women and men. Substantial reductions could be achieved by aligning full-time employment and work experience.
A medius error analysis for the conforming discontinuous Galerkin finite element methods
Authors: Zeng Yuping , Zhang Shangyou 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we derive an improved error estimate of a conforming discontinuous Galerkin (CDG) method for both second and fourth order elliptic problems, assuming only minimal regularity on the exact solutions. The result we established is called a medius error estimate since it relies on both a priori and a posteriori analysis. Compared with the standard interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (IPDG) method, when choosing the standard DG norm, an additional term ‖∇u − ∇
w

v

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‖0 is incorporated in the CDG formulation for second order elliptic equation, while for the case of fourth order equation, this term becomes

‖
Δ
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−

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‖

0

${\Vert}{\Delta}\mathbb{u}-{{\Delta}}_{w}{\mathbb{v}}_{h}{{\Vert}}_{0}$

. These terms disappear if we directly analyze the nonstandard error formulations ‖∇u − ∇
w

u

h
‖0 and

‖
Δ
u
−

Δ

w

u

h

‖

0

${\Vert}{\Delta}\mathbb{u}-{{\Delta}}_{w}{\mathbb{u}}_{h}{{\Vert}}_{0}$

. Extensive numerical results are also carried out to validate our theoretical findings.
A comparative study of routing protocols, AI, and passive optical networks in the evolution of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETS)
Authors: Sharma Vikas , Sukhroop Pritibha , Kumar Sachin , Rani Rajni 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) have gained significant attention in wireless communication due to their decentralized nature, flexibility, and adaptability. However, MANETs face challenges such as dynamic topologies, limited resources, and unpredictable mobility patterns, necessitating intelligent routing protocols for optimal performance. This research presents a comparative study of traditional MANET routing protocols and recent advancements incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI). We analyze the improvements AI brings to routing efficiency by comparing AI-driven techniques with conventional methods. Additionally, the paper investigates the integration of Passive Optical Networks (PONs) with MANETs, focusing on how optical technologies can enhance network performance by providing high-capacity, low-latency backhaul links. These links could complement AI-based routing decisions, improving overall network stability and data transmission. The study highlights both the opportunities and challenges of merging AI with traditional routing protocols and PONs, offering insights into future research directions aimed at optimizing MANET performance. The synergy between AI and PONs may offer a promising solution to address the dynamic and resource-constrained nature of MANETs in real-world applications.
Treading carefully: a genre analysis of “accept with revision” peer reviews of linguistic journal submissions using the appraisal system
Authors: Kheradparvar Najmeh , Dreyfus Shoshana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Reviewing the work of other scholars is a critical part of being an academic. However, the practise of writing reviews is rarely made explicit nor taught. In order to make this practice visible in our own field of linguistics, this paper describes the structure and key language features of a small selection of “accept with revision” peer reviews. Unlike previous studies of peer reviews, the analysis draws on the system of appraisal to identify the key evaluative meanings that have enabled the mapping of the generic structure of these peer reviews. The analysis shows they comprise two stages: Overview and Recommendation for revisions, with each stage comprising a number of phases. The analysis also shows how in evaluative genres such as peer review texts, preserving the face of authors and engaging in many implicit evaluative resources is a key feature.
Fun with Images: An Analysis of the Role of Visual Literacy in Facilitating Easy and Enjoyable Learning with a Focus on Future Prospects
Authors: Dey Anindita , Munshi Shamim Aktar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of visual literacy in enhancing learning effectiveness and enjoyment among elementary school students in the Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal, India. Additionally, the study proposes a model for integrating visual literacy into the elementary school curriculum, offering educators and policymakers pathways to maximize its benefits for future generations. A quantitative survey method with a well-structured questionnaire was employed to gather the necessary data. After obtaining permission from the school authorities, the researchers co-ordinated with the instructors to establish a three-day data collection plan that accommodated their schedules. In total, 84 pupils were selected as a sample population. The study revealed that integrating visual literacy strategies with traditional curricula can significantly improve students’ learning experience and involvement. Tools such as flash cards, picture books, maps, charts, and ICT applications were found to enhance both engagement and vocabulary acquisition. The study found that students had a positive attitude toward using visual aids, which led to cognitive benefits such as improved problem-solving and critical thinking skills. The study also established that graphical tools were particularly effective in second language acquisition, helping students overcome the fear of acquiring a non-native language (English). Furthermore, the study recommends incorporating visual literacy techniques across classroom settings and suggests that these strategies can make elementary education more engaging, effective, and child-friendly.
Modelling the choice between PP+DE+N and PP+N possessive constructions in Mandarin Chinese: a mixed effects logistic regression approach
Authors: Chen Yue 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the choice between two near-synonymous Mandarin Chinese possessive constructions, namely, the PP+DE+N (e.g., wǒ de mama, ‘my mom’) and PP+N (e.g., wǒ mama, ‘my mom’). Deploying a mixed effects logistic regression model to evaluate the impact of linguistic (syntactic and semantic) and extralinguistic (register) factors, this study reveals a substantial relationship between the selection of possessive constructions and several fixed effects including the number of attributes before N, the syntactic component of PP+(DE)+N, the semantic connection between PP and N, the person and number of the PP, and the context or style of the texts. Furthermore, this study uncovers that the noun serves as an essential random effect that helps determine the conceptual distance between the PP and N. To conclude, this study unveils the patterns governing the use or omission of de in Mandarin Chinese possessive constructions, hence enhancing our comprehension of syntactic nuances in the language. It also offers a potent methodological approach for future investigations of the reasons underpinning the formal marking of possessive constructions.
Readiness of General Hospitals That Participate in Pediatric Quality Improvement Initiatives
Authors: Vaughan Jordan , Edwards Yeelen , Rodean Jonathan , McCulloch Charles , Gonzales Ralph , Kaiser Sunitha V. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
General hospitals care for more than 70% of hospitalized children nationally but face challenges in pediatric quality improvement (QI). Feasibility and organizational readiness to change assessments can help inform effective QI. Our objective was to assess readiness to implement pediatric QI interventions among a broad sample of general hospitals participating in the Simultaneously Implementing Pathways for Improving Asthma, Pneumonia, and Bronchiolitis Care for Hospitalized Children (SIP) study.

METHODS
We conducted a mixed-methods study. Data were collected via electronic surveys and qualitative interviews. Participants included multidisciplinary inpatient pediatric clinicians and QI leaders. Surveys used validated tools, including the Organizational Readiness to Implement Change (ORIC) and Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM). Interview guides developed using an implementation framework explored feasibility of implementing evidence-based practices. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.

RESULTS
A total of 424 participants from 15 hospitals were approached, and 186 (44%) completed the survey. ORIC and FIM scores were scaled 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating agreement. Response results did not differ based on clinician type or experience. Clinicians at community hospitals with pediatric beds reported greater readiness than nested children’s hospitals (median ORIC 4.4 vs 4.0, P = 0.02). Interviewees’ (n = 21) anticipated feasibility challenges included aligning practices across hospital care settings and obtaining information technology support for electronic medical record changes.

CONCLUSIONS
In this mixed-methods study, we found high but variable readiness for pediatric QI and identified specific threats to feasibility. We also illustrated how such assessments can be used to support pediatric QI efforts in general hospitals.
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Use for Newborns With Relatively Lower Illness Acuity
Authors: Schulman Joseph , Gould Jeffrey B. , Lee Henry C. , Profit Jochen , Govindaswami Balaji 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) aggregate service and outcome descriptions focus on high-illness-acuity neonates. We sought to describe the high-level landscape of lower-acuity inborn NICU admissions (LAINAs).

METHODS
This cross-sectional study of a nearly three-quarters population sample from 2022 describes 120 California hospitals with inborn NICU admissions. Binary illness acuity stratification was based on high-acuity criteria—admission within 28 days of birth and either birthweight of 1500 g or less, gestation of 31 weeks 6 days or less, or more than 1500 g with at least 1 of the following: death, assisted ventilation for 4 hours or more whether intubated or not, early bacterial sepsis, major surgery requiring anesthesia, acute transport in or out, suspected encephalopathy/perinatal asphyxia, active therapeutic hypothermia, or seizures. Exposure: inborn NICU admission; main outcomes: LAINA categorization, diagnostic categories, patient-days, length of stay.

RESULTS
Of 44 330 total NICU admissions, 26 257 (59.2%) were LAINAs and accounted for 31.2% of all NICU patient-days. Mean length of stay for all NICU admissions was 12.9 days, compared with 8.0 days for LAINAs. The most common LAINA diagnostic categories included respiratory distress (43.0%), suspected infection (39.6%), admission policy based only on birthweight/gestational age (30.7%), hyperbilirubinemia (28.9%), and feeding difficulty (25.6%). NICUs varied widely in the diagnostic categories represented.

CONCLUSIONS
LAINAs outnumbered high-illness-acuity admissions in most NICUs, accounting for almost a third of NICU patient-days. These findings merit reflection and research on data elements needed to describe service provision and clinical outcome and on preferable hospital settings for clinical management.
Comparing the quality of wheat flour produced by roller mill and Astrié stone mill
Authors: Kóczán-Manninger Katalin , Jakab Ivett , Illés Levente , Szedljak Ildikó , Lambert-Meretei Anikó , Badak-Kerti Katalin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAn alternative to roller mills, a French-designed stone mill, was evaluated and compared with traditional laboratory roller mills through grinding performance. Developed by the Astrié brothers in the 1950s, the stone mill's slow-rotating granite stones purportedly preserve the full nutritional value of the grain. This study, conducted in collaboration with the Csoroszlya farm, compared flour from the same wheat batch ground by both an Astrié stone mill and a laboratory roller mill. Evaluations included the Pekar test for bran content, sieve analysis, measuring wet gluten content, and gluten index to assess protein quality. Rheological properties of the doughs were analyzed using Farinograph and Mixolab equipment, which indirectly also measured amylase enzyme activity. Results indicated that the stone mill produced flour with finer grain size, higher protein content, and higher enzyme presence, although challenges remain in achieving optimal gluten index and dough stability.
Electrical characterization of the alleged bio-memristor Physarum polycephalum
Authors: Schmidt Markus , Seyfried Günter , Reutina Uliana , Seskir Zeki , Miranda Eduardo R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the potential of the slime mold Physarum polycephalum to function as a bio-memristor. In contrast to earlier reports, our experimental results did not show a significant memristive behavior. Instead, all tested slime molds exhibited elliptical I-V characteristics, attributed to their inherent capacitance. To model this behavior, we developed replacement circuits consisting solely of resistors and capacitors, which accurately reproduced the observed results. While these circuits lack memristive properties, they demonstrate potential utility as sub-circuits in analog applications, such as filters, timing circuits, and phase shift networks. Despite it not being a memristor, P. polycephalum may hold promise for alternative bio-electronic applications, including its use in microbial fuel cells. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the electrical properties of bio-inspired systems and suggest new avenues for integrating biological components into electronic circuits.

Graphical abstract
Edukacja i kultura ekologiczna w Drugiej Rzeczpospolitej
Authors: Sarzała Dariusz 
Published: February 2025

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie procesu kształtowania się systemu ochrony przyrody w Drugiej Rzeczpospolitej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem działań edukacyjnych dotyczących ochrony środowiska przyrodniczego i kształtowania kultury ekologicznej. Materiał źródłowy stanowią dzienniki urzędowe Ministerstwa Wyznań Religijnych i Oświecenia Publicznego za lata: 1918 – 1939, a także dzieła autorskie wybitych naukowców zajmujących się w tym okresie problematyką ochrony przyrody i edukacją ekologiczną oraz akty prawne dotyczące ochrony przyrody w II Rzeczpospolitej. Zgromadzony zbiór piśmiennictwa i akty prawne pochodzą zatem z lat dwudziestych i trzydziestych ubiegłego wieku. W celu pogłębienia analizy podjętej problematyki zwarto w nim także nowsze opracowania dotyczące ochrony środowiska przyrodniczego i edukacji ekologicznej. W artykule wykazano, że w okresie II Rzeczpospolitej wykształcone zostały pierwsze mechanizmy systemowe sprzyjające ochrony przyrody, a także zapoczątkowany został proces rozwoju edukacji i kultury ekologicznej społeczeństwa polskiego.
Jak teksty literackie o rodzinie mogą kształtować system wartości u dzieci?
Authors: Jabłońska Iwona 
Published: February 2025

Rodzina to nie tylko osoby, ale przede wszystkim relacje, jakie przez lata kształtują się między rodzicami i dziećmi, wspomnienia i przeżycia ich łączące. Ojciec i matka są pierwszymi osobami, od których dziecko uczy się jak postępować, jak zachowywać się w różnych sytuacjach, jak wyrażać swoje myśli, uczucia, co należy cenić, jakim warto być, co jest złe, co to jest miłość. Przejmuje ich poglądy i system wartości. Celem artykułu jest próba ukazania, jak interpretując teksty literackie o tematyce rodzinnej można kształtować system wartości i ukazywać wartość rodziny. Autorzy wybranych tekstów tak skonstruowali ich treści, by dziecko mogło je odnieść do własnych doświadczeń i osobistych przeżyć. Ponadto ma możliwość dowiedzieć się, co to jest miłość. Może przekonać się, że miłość to nie tyle słowa, co wzajemna troska o siebie, gotowość do pomocy, to wsparcie i okazywanie uczuć o każdej porze i każdego dnia. Analizując je możemy ukazać takie wartości jak: zaufanie, szczerość, poczucie bezpieczeństwa, opieka, pomoc, wspólne spędzanie czasu, miłość. Odwołując się do różnorodnych treści można nie tylko zachęcać dzieci do podobnych form zachowań, tłumaczyć i uczyć prawidłowych wzorców życia, przeciwdziałać niepoprawnym postępowaniom, ale także ukazywać znaczenie wartości. Dobór odpowiedniej literatury jest nieocenioną pomocą w pracy wychowawczej, ponieważ przez kontakt z nią można dostarczyć dziecku wiedzy z każdej dziedziny, kształtować postawy. Im częściej dziecko ma do czynienia z różnymi opowiadaniami, utworami lub historyjkami, w których ukazywane są wartości, tym więcej zrozumie i będzie naśladowało te zachowania. Nie należy ulegać presji czasów, a wręcz przeciwnie warto zadbać o dobrostan dziecka i skłaniać je do przemyśleń, ukazywać różne problemy, angażować w dyskusje, by zaczynało samodzielnie doceniać wartości.
People-centeredness in health system reform. Public perceptions of private and public hospitals in South Africa
Authors: Maseko Lebogang , Harris Bronwyn 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
This study explores perceptions of the South African public about the country's private and public hospitals in light of current health sector reforms aimed at achieving universal health coverage (UHC). A better understanding of perceptions can guide improvements in public sector services and strengthen confidence and trust in the health system.
Methods
Eight focus groups, delineated in terms of race ('black' and 'white' South Africans) and experience with public and private hospitals (recent or indirect), were run. The overarching research question focused on perceptions and experiences with public and private hospitals and which services participants would use in future. Key points of discussion included quality of care, cleanliness, patient satisfaction, staff attitudes, the extent to which views were shared and commonly held within the group, origins of perceptions, as well as recommendations for improving the state of public hospitals.
Findings/results
Transcripts were analysed thematically to reveal an almost-automatic perception that private hospitals are "better" than public hospitals but also, with further exploration, a much more nuanced set of perceptions around the expensiveness of private hospitals, the affordability of public sector care, and wider themes of Â trust and acceptability of health services.
Conclusion
Currently within the context of UHC through the introduction of a National Health Insurance (NHI) system in South Africa, trust, quality and acceptability of health services are crucial determinants how much the public will buy-in to the planned changes. As NHI policy grapples with financing and logistics, this research serves as a reminder that health systems are also human systems, with personal encounters at their heart. In order to acceptably serve people and society, policy emphasis is also needed to build culture of people-centred care.