bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients With Decompensated Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Islamova M. R. , Safarova A. F. , Kobalava Zh. D. , Efimova V. P. 
Published: April 2023

Aim To determine the incidence rate and the practical significance of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) in the development of cardiovascular complications in patients with decompensated chronic heart failure (DCHF).Material and methods This prospective, single-site observational study included 171 patients older than 18 years with NYHA functional class (FC) II-IV chronic heart failure (CHF) who were hospitalized for DCHF. Standard and extended 2D and 3D echocardiography (EchoCG) was performed for all patients on admission. Additionally, functional characteristics of the right ventricle (RV) were evaluated in the 3D mode followed by autonomic 3D processing with a EchoPac station (USA). RVD was taken as a disorder of two or more RV functional parameters according to results of 2D EchoCG, or a reduced RV free wall strain according to results of 2D speckle-tracking EchoCG, or a reduced RV ejection fraction (EF) according to results of 3D EchoCG. Statistical analysis was performed with a SPSS Statistics v. 26.0 software.Results The incidence rate of RVD in general population of patients with DCHF was 75.4 % (n=129). A higher prevalence of RVD was observed in patients with CHF with a low left ventricular (LV) EF (90.1 %). Patients with RVD had a more severe clinical status (significantly higher FC and higher Clinical Condition Scale (CCS) scores), more frequent atrial fibrillation (AF), and higher concentrations of uric acid and total bilirubin. RVD significantly correlated with male sex (odds ratio (OR), 2.05; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.01–4.19; р=0.046) and AF (OR, 3.52; 95 % CI, 1.71–7.26; р<0.001). Patients with RVD had lower values of both LV and RV function. Lower LV EF and AF increased the probability of RVD by 1.06 times (95 % CI, 0.90–0.98; р=0.001) and by 2.63 times (95 % CI, 1.08–6.40; р=0.001), respectively. Evaluation of the predictive significance of RV parameters measured by 2D and 3D EchoCG showed only effects of RV EF (2D) and RV global longitudinal strain (GLS) (3D) on all-cause hospitalization. RVD as evaluated by accepted criteria did not influence adverse outcomes.Conclusion The determined incidence, correlations, and the predictive value of RVD in patients with DCHF indicated the appropriateness of assessing the RV function to optimize the management of patients regardless of the CHF phenotype.
Micro Injection Molding of Drug-Loaded Round Window Niche Implants for an Animal Model using 3D Printed Molds
Authors: Mau Robert , Eickner Thomas , Jüttner Gabór , Gao Ziwen , Wei Chunjiang , Fiedler Nicklas , Senz Volkmar , Lenarz Thomas , Grabow Niels , Scheper Verena , Seitz Hermann 
Published: April 2023

A novel approach for the long-term medical treatment of the inner ear is the diffusion of drugs through the round window membrane from a patient-individualized, drug-eluting implant, which is inserted in the middle ear. In this study, drug-loaded (10 wt% Dexamethasone) guinea pig round window niche implants (GP-RNIs, ~1.30 mm x 0.95 mm x 0.60 mm) were manufactured with high precision via micro injection molding (µIM, Tmold = 160 °C, crosslinking time of 120 s). The medical grade silicone elastomer MED-4244 (NuSil Technology LLC, Radnor, PA, USA) was used. Molds for µIM were 3D printed from a commercially available resin PlasGRAY V2 (Asiga, Alexandria, Australia, TG = 84 °C) via a high-resolution DLP process (xy-resolution of 32 µm, z-resolution of 10 µm, 3D printing time of about 6 h). Drug release, biocompatibility, and bio-efficacy of the GP-RNIs were investigated in vitro. GP-RNIs could be successfully produced. Wear of the molds due to thermal stress was observed. However, the molds are suitable for single use in the µIM process. About 10% of the drug load (8.2 ± 0.6 µg) was released after 6 weeks (medium: isotonic saline). The implants showed high biocompatibility over a time of 28 days (lowest cell viability ~80%). Moreover, we found anti-inflammatory effects over a time of 28 days in a TNF-α-reduction test. These results are promising for the development of long-term drug-releasing implants for human inner ear therapy.
Intimate Partner Violence in the Orthopaedic Patient Population
Authors: Kunes Jennifer A. , Ulrich Marisa N. , Orr Charlotte E. , Cannada Lisa K. , Russo Christen M. 
Published: April 2023

» Intimate partner violence (IPV) is under-reported and pervasive in the orthopaedic surgical setting.» Screening programs that could increase reporting and assist in treatment and prevention are commonly underutilized.» There is little formalized education during orthopaedic surgery training for IPV.» The incidence of IPV continues to increase in the setting of recent stressors, such as COVID-19, and the orthopaedic surgeon should play a role in the screening and identification of patients presenting with IPV injuries and provide resources and referral.
Roles for wildlife in the development of place meanings ascribed to a protected area
Authors: Salcido Evan L. , Riper Carena J. van , Stewart William P. , Leitschuh Benjamin A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Wildlife play prominent roles in popular images of America’s outdoor landscapes, yet our understanding of their contribution to place meanings is not fully developed. Although environmental management agencies have a long history of stewarding wildlife for hunting and fishing, they have been less inclined to prioritize non-consumptive uses such as the contribution of wildlife to sense of place. Given that agencies are increasingly challenged to implement policies that align with citizen priorities, connecting wildlife to sense of place could lead to more effective decisions. Our research explored the plurality of connections that residents made with wildlife in multiple protected areas across the USA region of Interior Alaska. Residents of nine communities were engaged over a five-year period, followed by a thematic analysis of interview data, which resulted in the identification of seven place meaning themes. These themes reflected qualities of the local environment that were appreciated by residents, including: 1) desirable travel destination, 2) distinct sense of community, 3) landscape of subsistence and tradition, 4) landscape of wildlife habitat, 5) natural resources in need of harvesting, 6) rural Alaskan lifestyle, and 7) wildland areas tied to recreation. Native wildlife species – from traditionally charismatic species like moose (Alces alces) to less iconic species such as snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) – were discussed in the context of all seven place meaning themes. Wildlife provided a basis for study participants to interpret landscapes and ascribe meanings to places, thus supporting our argument that shared influences of wildlife and place meanings should be prioritized in environmental planning and management.
Hospital factors associated with survival of infants born at periviable gestation: The USA National Database
Authors: Qattea Ibrahim , Farghaly Mohsen A.A. , Quatei Amani , Abdalla Alshimaa , Mohamed Mohamed A. , Aly Hany 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Reports on survival of infants born at periviable gestation (GA ≤ 24 weeks and birth weight < 500gm) vary significantly. We aimed to determine hospital factors associated with their survival and to assess the trend for the timing of postnatal mortality in these periviable infants.Methods We utilized the de-identified National Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). National data were analyzed for the years 2010–2018. Hospitals were categorized according to delivery volume, USA regions, and teaching status.Results We identified 33,998,014 infants born during the study period; 76,231 infants were ≤ 24 weeks. Survival was greatest in urban teaching hospitals in infants < 24 weeks and completed 24 weeks, respectively. The Northeast region has the lowest survival rate. There was a significant delay in the postnatal day of mortality in periviable infants.Conclusions Hospital factors are associated with increased survival rates. Improved survival in large teaching hospitals supports the need for regionalization of care in infants born at the limits of viability. There was a significant delay in the postnatal mortality day.
A Randomized Control Trial to support smoke-free policy compliance in public housing
Authors: Hernández Diana , Khan Farzana Yasmin , Albert DDS MPH David , Giovenco Daniel , Branas Charles , Valeri Linda , Navas-Acien  
Published: April 2023

Abstract
• Background
Smoke-free housing policies in multiunit housing are increasingly widespread interventions to reduce smoking and secondhand smoke exposure. Little research has identified factors that impede compliance with smoke-free housing policies in low-income multiunit housing and test corresponding solutions.
• Methods
We are using an experimental design to test two compliance support interventions: (A) a “compliance through reduction (via relocation and reduction in personal smoking) and cessation” intervention targets households with smokers and involves support to shift smoking practices to designated areas, reduce personal smoking, and deliver in-residence smoking cessation support services via trained peer educators and (B) a “compliance through resident endorsement” intervention involving voluntary adoption of smoke-free living environments through personal pledges, visible door markers and/or via social media. We will compare randomly sampled participants in buildings that receive A or B or A plus B to the NYCHA standard approach,
• Discussion
This RCT addresses key gaps in knowledge and capitalizes on key scientific opportunities by: 1) leveraging the federal mandate to ban smoking in a public housing system of more than sufficient size to conduct an adequately powered RCT; 2) expanding our understanding of smoke-free policy compliance beyond policy implementation by testing two novel treatments: a) in-residence smoking cessation and b) resident endorsement, while 3) addressing population and location-specific tobacco-related disparities. At the conclusion of the study, this RCT will have leveraged a monumental policy shift affecting nearly half a million NYC public housing residents, many of whom disproportionately experience chronic illness and are more likely to smoke and be exposed to secondhand smoke than other city residents. This first-ever RCT will test the effects of much-needed compliance strategies on resident smoking behavior and secondhand smoke exposure in multiunit housing.
Trial registration:
Clinical Trials Registered, NCT05016505
Registered: August 23, 2021
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05016505
Overcrowding induces fast colloidal solitons in a slowly rotating potential landscape
Authors: Tierno Pietro , Cereceda-López Eric , Antonov Alexander , Ryabov Artem , Maass Philipp 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Collective particle transport across periodic
energy landscapes is ubiquitously present
in many condensed matter systems spanning from
vortices in high-temperature superconductors, frictional atomic sliding, driven skyrmions to biological and active matter.
Here we report the emergence of fast solitons propagating against a rotating optical landscape. These experimentally observed solitons are stable cluster waves that originate from a coordinated particle exchange process which occurs when the number of trapped microparticles exceeds the number of potential wells. The size and speed of individual solitons rapidly increase with the particle diameter as predicted by theory and confirmed by numerical simulations. We show that when several solitons coexist, an effective repulsive interaction can stabilize their propagation along the periodic potential.
Our experiments demonstrate a generic mechanism for cluster-mediated transport with potential applications to condensed matter systems on different length scales.
Coagulation Status in Women with a History of Missed Abortion
Authors: Chen Dandan , Wang JunXiong , Liu Hongchao , Xu Tong , Qiao Jiao , Liu Qi , Tan Yuan , Li ZiJing , Cui Liyan , Yang Shuo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the status of coagulation function in a large series of reproductive-age women with a history of missed abortion in China. Likewise, we want to explore the association between coagulation and missed abortions, in order to evaluate whether they could be used as early predictive factors for missed abortions.
A total of 11182 women who suffered from missed abortion from Peking University Third Hospital and 5298 healthy age-matched reproductive-age women were enrolled in our study. Coagulation function tests (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time), fibrinolysis status detection (fibrinogen, D-Dimer), anticoagulation function tests (protein C, protein S and antithrombin III) and lupus anticoagulants (LAC) were examined. In addition, platelet counts were detected by automated hematology analyzer. Platelet aggregation (PAgT) were tested by light transmission aggregometry (LTA).Compared with healthy reproductive-age women, the level of D-Dimer, dRVVT-R, PC, PAgT and platelet count were higher, and the antithrombin III (AT-III) activity was lower in women with a history of missed abortion. (P<0.05). 13.1% patients with a history of missed abortion were positive for LAC, and platelet aggregation rates were increased in 47.4% patients. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that D-Dimer, dRVVT-R, AT-III, PC and PAgT had significant predictive value for missed abortion. In addition, a model based on coagulation function tests for predicting missed abortion was developed. These findings provide evidence of hypercoagulability in patients with a history of missed abortion. Lupus anticoagulant, PAgT and D-Dimer were the strongest predictors of missed abortion.
Persistence is driven by a prefrontal motor circuit
Authors: Sun Qianquan , Wang Yihan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Persistence provides a long-lasting effect on actions, including avoiding predators and storing energy, and hence is crucial for the survival (Adolphs and Anderson, 2018). However, how the brain loads persistence on movements is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that being persistent is determined at the initial phase of movement, and this persistency will be sustained until the terminal signaling. The neural coding of persistent movement phases (initial or terminal) is independent from the judgement (i.e. valence) (Li et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2018) upon the external stimuli. Next, we identify a group of dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) motor cortex projecting (MP) neurons (Wang and Sun, 2021), which encodes the initial phase of a persistent movement rather than the valence. Inactivation of dmPFC MP neurons impairs the initiation of persistency and reduce the neural activity in the insular and motor cortex. Finally, a MP network-based computational model suggests that an intact, successive sensory stimulus acts as a triggering signal to direct the initiation of persistent movements. These findings reveal a neural mechanism that transforms the brain state from neutral to persistent during a movement.
General population normative data from seven European countries for the K10 and K6 scales for psychological distress
Authors: Lehmann Jens , Pilz Micha Johannes , Holzner Bernhard , Kemmler Georg , Giesinger Johannes M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress scale (K10) and its 6-item short-form version (K6) measure psychological distress, particularly anxiety or depressive symptoms. While these questionnaire scales are widely used in various settings and populations, general population normative data are rarely available. To facilitate the interpretation of K10 and K6 scores, we provide normative general population data from seven European countries.
Methods
We used an online survey to collect K10 data from general population samples in Austria, Italy, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Poland and Spain. We calculated the age- and sex-specific normative values separately for each country. For more specific estimates of K10 and K6 scores for individuals or groups, we also established a multivariable regression model based on socio-demographic and health data.
Results
In total, N=7,087 adults participated in our study (51.6% women; mean age, 49.6 years). The mean K10 score in the total sample was 8.5 points (standard deviation, 7.3) on 0-40 points metric, with mean scores in individual countries ranging from 6.9 (the Netherlands) to 9.9 (Spain). Women showed higher scores then men and younger participants scored higher than older participants.
Conclusions
Our study is the first to present normative K10 data from several European countries using a consistent sampling approach. These reference values will facilitate the interpretation of K10 and K6 scores in clinical research and practice and also highlight the variation in psychological distress levels across countries and groups according to their socio-demographic and health characteristics.
A New Approach for Simulating Inhomogeneous Chemical Kinetics
Authors: Bradshaw Georgia , O'Leary Mel , Purser Arthur , Villagomez-Bernabe Balder , Wyett Cyrus , Currell Frederick , Webb Marcus 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper, inhomogeneous chemical kinetics are simulated by describing the concentrations of interacting chemical species by a linear expansion of basis functions in such a manner that the coupled reaction and diffusion processes are propagated through time efficiently by tailor-made numerical methods. The approach is illustrated through modelling α− and γ−radiolysis in thin layers of water and at their solid interfaces from the start of the chemical phase until equilibrium was established. The method’s efficiency is such that hundreds of such systems can be modelled in a few hours using a single core of a typical laptop, allowing the investigation of the effects of the underlying parameter space. Illustrative calculations showing the effects of changing dose-rate and water-layer thickness are presented. Other simulations are presented which show the approach’s capability to solve problems with spherical symmetry (an approximation to an isolated radiolytic spur), where the hollowing out of an initial Gaussian distribution is observed, in line with previous calculations. These illustrative simulations show the generality and the computational efficiency of this approach to solving reaction-diffusion problems. Furthermore, these example simulations illustrate the method’s suitability for simulating solid-fluid interfaces, which have received a lot of experimental attention in contrast to the lack of computational studies.
The Cryo-EM structure of renal amyloid fibril suggests structurally homogeneous multiorgan aggregation in AL amyloidosis
Authors: Ricagno Stefano , Puri Sarita , Schulte Tim , Chaves-Sanjuan Antonio , Mazzini Giulia , Caminito Serena , Pappone Carlo , Anastasia Luigi , Milani Paolo , merlini Giampaolo , Bolognesi Martino , Nuvolone Mario , Palladini Giovanni 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) is caused by the aberrant production of amyloidogenic light chains (LC) that accumulate as amyloid deposits in vital organs. Distinct LC sequences in each patient yield distinct amyloid structures. However different tissue microenvironments may also cause identical protein precursors to adopt distinct amyloid structures. To address the impact of the tissue environment on structural polymorphism of amyloids, we extracted fibrils from the kidney of an AL patient (AL55) whose cardiac amyloid structure was previously determined by our group. Here we show that the 4.0 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of the renal fibril is virtually identical to that reported for the cardiac fibril. These results provide the first structural evidence that LC amyloids independently deposited in different organs of the same AL patient share a common fold.
Mounting Nutritional and Environmental Pressures of the Global Food Loss and Waste Call for Urgent Policy Action
Authors: Gatto Alessandro , Chepeliev Maksym 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Food losses and waste (FLW) are at the core of secure and sustainable food systems. A consistent quantification of the FLW across food supply chains at the global level, however, remains a major challenge. In this study, we compile a comprehensive database that assesses FLW across global value chains and quantifies the nutritional and environmental impact of lost and discarded food for 121 countries and 20 composite regions using a multi-region input-output framework. Our findings reveal a substantial increase in FLW across global regions between 2004 and 2014, with plant-based FLW being primarily concentrated in regions with poor recycling facilities. Nutritional losses have principally increased in low-income countries, with the global south accounting for over 70% of global land use, 82% of water use, and 76% of greenhouse-gas emissions embedded in FLW. Policies should focus on reducing domestic waste at the final consumption stage in high-income regions and on decreasing large farm-level losses in middle- and low-income countries. Here, while promoting the profitable reuse of unavoidable FLW, policies should increase agricultural production efficiency to enhance water and nutritional security.
A Muti-band Polarizataion Convertor With Dual Functionalities Based on a Asymmetric Cruciform Shaped Metasurface at Terahertz Frequency
Authors: Devi Mrs B. Rama , Sai K. Jyothir , Keerthi B. , Raviteja S. , Vamsi M. Surya 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a terahertz wave polarization converter is proposed as the metasurface. Resonators in a cross form make up the unit cell. The suggested metasurface performs as a linear to cross polarization converter with a polarization conversion ratio more than 95% and ellipticity zero for the reflected wave at the frequency bands 0.8726 ~ 0.8924 THz, 1.1075 ~ 1.1147 THz, and 1.2614 ~ 1.2731 THz. It also demonstrates the traits of a linear to circular polarization converter over frequency ranges of 0.516 ~ 0.862 THz, 0.947 ~ 0.986 THz, and 1.986 ~ 1.203 THz. For these three frequency ranges, the reflected wave's ellipticity is between − 1 and + 1. Up to 500 degrees of oblique incidence, the suggested metasurface is angularly stable. Surface current distribution and multiple interference theory are used to investigate the fundamental mechanism of polarization conversion. The converter has potential uses in terahertz detection, assessing the absorption spectrum of complex biological samples, and satellite communication due to its straightforward structure, angular stability, and dual functionality.