bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immediate versus delayed prompts, field dependence and independence cognitive style and L2 development
Authors: Rassaei Ehsan , Ravand Hamdollah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recent research has provided evidence that corrective feedback (CF) timing can play a significant role in feedback effectiveness. However, given that immediate and delayed feedback are differentially contextualized, little is known about the mediating role of learners’ field dependence/independence (FDI) cognitive style on the effectiveness of immediate and delayed prompts. To this end, the present study examined the effects of immediate and delayed prompts as well as the mediating role of learners’ FDI on the development of English articles by EFL learners. Fifty eight EFL learners were randomly assigned into two treatment conditions as well as a control group. The participants’ FDI orientation was measured through the group embedded figures test (GEFT). The treatment groups differed from each other in terms of whether the participants received prompts immediately after errors were made or at the end of the treatment task. The results obtained from post-tests and delayed post-tests showed that providing prompts immediately following learners’ errors is more effective than delaying them until the communicative activity is over. Furthermore, regression analysis revealed that the effectiveness of immediate prompts, and not delayed prompts, is significantly predicted by learners’ FDI cognitive style.
Impact of wavy porous layer on the hydrodynamic forces and heat transfer of hybrid nanofluid flow in a channel with cavity under the effect of partial magnetic field
Authors: Hussain Shafqat , Qureshi Muhammad Amer , Ahmed Sameh E. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This computational analysis focuses on the effects of porous layer on the flow dynamics, heat transfer and hydrodynamic forces of hybrid nanofluid in a channel having an open cavity fixed with bottom wall in the presence of partial magnetic field. The set of PDEs governing the dynamics has been transformed to dimensionless form and simulated using higher order finite element method. In particular,

P

3

/

P

2

${\mathbb{P}}_{3}/{\mathbb{P}}_{2}$

finite element pair is employed for the spatial discretization and Crank–Nicolson approach is utilized for the temporal discretization. The obtained equations has been linearized with adaptive Newtons method and linearized systems have been computed using the geometric multi-grid technique. The impact of parameters, for instance, Richardson number, thickness of porous layer and nanoparticle fraction is analyzed in the presence of partial magnetic field and porous layer on the hydrodynamic forces like lift and drag forces on the submerged bodies, being the important part of the fluid flow and heat transfer are also be analysed. It is noticed that the drag and lift coefficients are reduced as the nanoparticle fraction is altered while the local- and average-Nusselt number get higher values.
On modules related to McCoy modules
Authors: Baeck Jongwook 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we first investigate the relationships between the McCoy module and related modules based on their relationships in rings. After that, we improve some properties of McCoy modules and introduce ZPZC modules which extend the notion of McCoy modules. We observe the structure of ZPZC modules providing a number of examples of problems that arise naturally in the process. Finally, answers to some open questions related to the ZPZC condition are provided.
Reflecting on the differences between young offenders and their typically developing and low achieving peers: a comparative study
Authors: Al-Hilawani Yasser A. , Al-Subhi Asmaa S. M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study examined the differences among the typically developing, low-achieving, and young offender participants on indices of oral and silent reading, listening comprehension, the Raven and behavior scales, and parental status. A convenient sample of 81 males and females from the same geographical region in the Sultanate of Oman took part in this study. Analyses showed that the typically developing participants obtained a higher Raven score, achieved better on the behavior scale, and performed commensurately with their current grade placement in oral, silent, and listening skills when compared with both the young offenders and low-achieving participants. The academic skills of the young offenders were better than those of the low-achieving participants, a strong indication that the low-achieving group had more serious academic difficulties when compared with the young offenders. The young offenders living with married parents obtained a better score on the adjustment disorder domain than those who had divorced or deceased parents. The results suggested that the young offender and underachieving participants were not entirely identical in their profiles. Implications and limitations are discussed.
A novel hybrid flow direction optimizer-dynamic oppositional based learning algorithm for solving complex constrained mechanical design problems
Authors: Yildiz Betül S. , Pholdee Nantiwat , Mehta Pranav , Sait Sadiq M. , Kumar Sumit , Bureerat Sujin , Yildiz Ali Riza 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this present work, mechanical engineering optimization problems are solved by employing a novel optimizer (HFDO-DOBL) based on a physics-based flow direction optimizer (FDO) and dynamic oppositional-based learning. Five real-world engineering problems, viz. planetary gear train, hydrostatic thrust bearing, robot gripper, rolling bearing, and multiple disc clutch brake, are considered. The computational results obtained by HFDO-DOBL are compared with several newly proposed algorithms. The statistical analysis demonstrates the HFDO-DOBL dominance in finding optimal solutions relatively and competitiveness in solving constraint design optimization problems.
Tensile shear fracture load bearing capability, softening of HAZ and microstructural characteristics of resistance spot welded DP-1000 steel joints
Authors: Rajalingam Paluchamy , Rajakumar Selvarajan , Balasubramanian Visvalingam , Sonar Tushar , Kavitha Subramanian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The main objective of this investigation is to enhance the tensile shear fracture load (TSFL) bearing capability and minimize softening in heat affected zone (HAZ) of resistance spot welded DP-1000 steel spot joints for automotive applications. The lap tensile and cross tensile shear fracture load tests (LTSFL and CTSFL) were conducted. The process parameters were optimized using numerical and graphical optimization techniques to maximize the TSFL capability of spot joints. The microstructure of spot joints was studied using optical microscopy and correlated to TSFL and hardness of spot joints. Results showed that DP-1000 steel spot joints made using the welding power of 70 W, welding time of 1.0 s, electrode pressure of 4.25 MPa showed maximum LTSFL of 22 kN and CTSFL of 9.1 kN. The parametric optimization showed 46.66, 45.77, 22.33 and 9.87% increase in LTSFL, CTSFL, nugget zone hardness and HAZ hardness of DP-1000 steel spot joints. The higher TSFL and nugget hardness of spot joints is mainly attributed to the evolution of finer martensitic sandwiching ferrite phases in nugget zone and lower softening of HAZ than other joints. Welding power showed significant influence on TSFL of spot joints followed by welding time and electrode pressure.
High-speed tensile tests on high-manganese steel at low temperatures
Authors: Dieffenbach Tonja , Treutler Kai , Wesling Volker 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Particularly in the automotive industry and the sector of liquid–gas storage, austenitic steels with a high energy absorption capacity are used. The light metals frequently used do not meet all requirements. Therefore, especially for components involved in crash situations, the cost-effective alternative with outstanding properties is used. In this respect, the high-manganese TWIP steels are of great interest, specifically due to their strength and ductility. Also in other research areas, the high-strength steels are moving into the focus of attention. For example, the properties of welded high-manganese steels at low temperature applications, such as those encountered during storage and transport of liquefied gases, are to be investigated. For this purpose, high-speed tensile tests are used to experimentally determine how the material behaves at different low temperatures and high strain rates. The investigations carried out provide results that can be used to draw conclusions about the strain rate and temperature dependence of the mechanical characteristics. These dependencies are shown as well.
High-harmonic generation from artificially stacked 2D crystals
Authors: Heide Christian , Kobayashi Yuki , Johnson Amalya C. , Heinz Tony F. , Reis David A. , Liu Fang , Ghimire Shambhu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We report a coherent layer-by-layer build-up of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in artificially stacked transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) crystals in their various stacking configurations. In the experiments, millimeter-sized single crystalline monolayers are synthesized using the gold foil-exfoliation method, followed by artificially stacking on a transparent substrate. High-order harmonics up to the 19th order are generated by the interaction with a mid-infrared (MIR) driving laser. We find that the generation is sensitive to both the number of layers and their relative orientation. For AAAA stacking configuration, both odd- and even-orders exhibit a quadratic increase in intensity as a function of the number of layers, which is a signature of constructive interference of high-harmonic emission from successive layers. Particularly, we observe some deviations from this scaling at photon energies above the bandgap, which is explained by self-absorption effects. For AB and ABAB stacking, even-order harmonics remain below the detection level, consistent with the presence of inversion symmetry. Our study confirms our capability of producing nonperturbative high-order harmonics from stacked layered materials subjected to intense MIR fields without damaging samples. Our results have implications for optimizing solid-state HHG sources at the nanoscale and developing high-harmonics as an ultrafast probe of artificially stacked layered materials. Because the HHG process is a strong-field driven process, it has the potential to probe high-momentum and energy states in the bandstructure combined with atomic-scale sensitivity in real space, making it an attractive probe of novel material structures such as the Moiré pattern.
Brain and gut microbiota disorders in the psychopathology of anorexia nervosa
Authors: Garcia-Gil Mercedes , Ceccarini Maria Rachele , Stoppini Fabrizio , Cataldi Samuela , Mazzeschi Claudia , Delvecchio Elisa , Albi Elisabetta , Gizzi Giulia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Studies of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in eating disorders (EDs) have intensified over the past several years, revealing their unprecedented and unanticipated complexity. Results from many articles highlight critical aspects in each member of ED family. Notably, anorexia nervosa (AN) is a disorder due to undefined etiology, frequently associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsiveness, accompanied by endocrine alterations, altered immune response, increased inflammation, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Hence, an advanced knowledge of how and why a multisystem involvement exists is of paramount importance to understand the pathogenetic mechanisms of AN. In this review, we describe the change in the brain structure/function focusing on hypothalamic endocrine disorders and the disequilibrium of gut microbiota in AN that might be responsible for the psychopathological complication.
Cingulo-Opercular Subnetworks Motivate Frontoparietal Subnetworks during Distinct Cognitive Control Demands
Authors: Wood Jessica L. , Nee Derek Evan 
Published: January 2023

Cognitive control is the ability to flexibly adapt behavior in a goal-directed manner when habit will not suffice. Control can be separated into distinct forms based on the timescale (present–future) and/or medium (external–internal) over which it operates. Both the frontoparietal network (FPN) and cingulo-opercular network (CON) are engaged during control, but their respective functions and interactions remain unclear. Here, we examined activations in the FPN and CON with fMRI in humans (male and female) during a task that manipulated control across timescales/mediums. The findings show that the CON can be distinguished into the following two separable subnetworks mirroring the FPN: a rostral/ventral subnetwork sensitive to future-oriented control involving internal representations, and a caudal/dorsal subnetwork sensitive to present-oriented control involving external representations. Relative to the FPN, activation in the CON was particularly pronounced during transitions into and out of particular control demands. Moreover, the relationship of each CON subnetwork to behavior was mediated by a respective FPN subnetwork. Such data are consistent with the idea that the CON motivates the FPN, which, in turn, drives behavior. Within the CON, the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) mediated the relationship between the anterior insula and FPN, suggesting that the dmPFC acts as the crux that links the CON to the FPN. Collectively, these data indicate that parallel CON–FPN subnetworks mediate controlled behaviors at distinct timescales/mediums.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe cingulo-opercular network (CON) and frontoparietal network (FPN) are engaged in diverse, demanding tasks. A functional model describing how areas within these networks can be distinguished, and also interact, would facilitate understanding of how the brain adapts to demanding situations. During a comprehensive control task, fMRI data revealed that the FPN and CON can be fractionated into subnetworks based on control demands that are either externally oriented for use in the present, or control demands that operate internally to guide future behavior. Moreover, we found evidence for a chain of relationships from the CON to FPN to behavior consistent with the idea that the CON drives the FPN to adapt behavior.
Ventral Subiculum Inputs to Nucleus Accumbens Medial Shell Preferentially Innervate D2R Medium Spiny Neurons and Contain Calcium Permeable AMPARs
Authors: Boxer Emma E. , Kim JungMin , Dunn Brett , Aoto Jason 
Published: January 2023

Ventral subiculum (vSUB) is the major output region of ventral hippocampus (vHIPP) and sends major projections to nucleus accumbens medial shell (NAcMS). Hyperactivity of the vSUB-NAcMS circuit is associated with substance use disorders and the modulation of vSUB activity alters drug seeking and drug reinstatement behavior in rodents. However, to the best of our knowledge, the cell type-specific connectivity and synaptic transmission properties of the vSUB-NAcMS circuit have never been directly examined. Instead, previous functional studies have focused on total ventral hippocampal (vHIPP) output to NAcMS without distinguishing vSUB from other subregions of vHIPP, including ventral CA1 (vCA1). Usingex vivoelectrophysiology, we systematically characterized the vSUB-NAcMS circuit with cell type- and synapse-specific resolution in male and female mice and found that vSUB output to dopamine receptor type-1 (D1R) and type-2 (D2R) expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs) displays a functional connectivity bias for D2R MSNs. Furthermore, we found that vSUB-D1R and vSUB-D2R MSN synapses contain calcium-permeable AMPA receptors in drug-naive mice. Finally, we find that, distinct from other glutamatergic inputs, cocaine exposure selectively induces plasticity at vSUB-D2R synapses. Importantly, we directly compared vSUB and vCA1 output to NAcMS and found that vSUB synapses are functionally distinct and that vCA1 output recapitulated the synaptic properties previously ascribed to vHIPP. Our work highlights the need to consider the contributions of individual subregions of vHIPP to substance use disorders and represents an important first step toward understanding how the vSUB-NAcMS circuit contributes to the etiologies that underlie substance use disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTInputs to nucleus accumbens (NAc) dopamine receptor type 1 (D1R) and D2R medium spiny neurons (MSNs) are critically involved in reward seeking behavior. Ventral subiculum (vSUB) provides robust synaptic input to nucleus accumbens medial shell (NAcMS) and activity of this circuit is linked to substance use disorders. Despite the importance of the vSUB to nucleus accumbens circuit, the functional connectivity and synaptic transmission properties have not been tested. Here, we systematically interrogated these properties and found that basal connectivity and drug-induced plasticity are biased for D2R medium spiny neurons. Overall, we demonstrate that this circuit is distinct from synaptic inputs from other brain regions, which helps to explain how vSUB dysfunction contributes to the etiologies that underlie substance use disorders.
Sex hormone-dependent and -independent regulation of serum BAFF and TNF in cohorts of transgender and cisgender men and women
Authors: Tsatsanis Christos , Elenkov Angel , Leijonhufvud Irene , Vaporidi Katerina , Tivesten Åsa , Giwercman Aleksander 
Published: January 2023

Background
The risk of inflammatory diseases is sex-dependent, but it remains unknown whether this is due to the impact of sex hormones or sex chromosomes. Transgender individuals represent a unique cohort for studying the relative influence of endocrine and chromosomal factors. Here we compared serum levels of B-cell activating-factor (BAFF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in transgender men (TM), transgender women (TW), cisgender women (CW) and cisgender men (CM).

Methods
BAFF and TNF were measured in the serum of 26 CW, 30 CM, 27 TM and 16 TW individuals. To determine the responsiveness of immune cells, TNF was measured in bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated peripheral leukocytes.

Results
BAFF was higher in CF (998 pg/mL) and TW (973 pg/mL) compared to CM (551 pg/mL) (P < 0.0001) and TM (726 pg/mL) (P < 0.0001). No difference in BAFF levels was shown between subjects grouped according to the number of X chromosomes. TNF was higher in CM (174 pg/mL) than TW (2.3 pg/mL) (P = 0.027) and TM (27.4 pg/mL) (P = 0.028). LPS-induced TNF was higher in CM (2524 pg/mL) and TM (2078 pg/mL) than in CW (1332 pg/mL) (both P < 0.0001) and TW (1602 pg/mL) (both P = 0.009).

Discussion
Sex hormones and sex chromosomes have different impacts on cytokines involved in the sex-dependent inflammatory response. The concentration of BAFF and LPS-stimulated TNF secretion depended on sex hormone levels, whereas basal TNF was regulated by both sex hormone-dependent and -independent factors.
Surgical Intervention in Patients Receiving Pediatric Palliative Care Services
Authors: Ellis Danielle I. , Nye Russell T. , Wolfe Joanne , Feudtner Chris 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Many patients receiving pediatric palliative care (PPC) present with surgically treatable problems. The role of surgery in the care of these patients, however, has not yet been defined. We conducted a cohort study of children receiving PPC to assess the incidence, type, and likely purpose of surgical interventions performed after the initiation of PPC.

METHODS
We performed a cohort analysis of surgical interventions performed on children enrolled in an ongoing, multicenter, prospective cohort study. Patients aged &lt;30 years receiving PPC services were eligible for inclusion in the study. Analyses included descriptive and comparative statistics, as well as logistic regression models.

RESULTS
After initiation of PPC, 81.1% (n = 488) of patients had undergone at least 1 surgical intervention (range, 1–71) with a median of 4 interventions (interquartile range, 1–9). The most frequent surgical interventions were feeding tubes, endoscopic biopsy, tracheostomy, bone marrow biopsy, tunneled catheters, bronchoscopy, and chest tube placement, followed by sternum closure, abdominal closure, atrial and ventricular septal defect repairs, and heart transplantation. Children who underwent surgical interventions were statistically less likely to die while receiving PPC (29% vs 40%, P &lt; .03).

CONCLUSIONS
Most children receiving PPC services undergo at least 1 surgical intervention, and many undergo numerous interventions. Undergoing intervention is not futile because surgical intervention is associated with longer survival. Various patient populations that are more likely, as well as less likely, to undergo surgical intervention warrant specific focus.
limite da utopia
Authors: Falcão Thiago , Marques Daniel , Mussa Ivan , Macedo Tarcízio 
Published: January 2023

Este artigo parte da controvérsia sobre o Projeto de Lei do Senado n.º 383, que trata da regulamentação da atividade dos esports no Brasil. Analisamos as repercussões e a conversação acerca da hashtag #TodosContraPLS383, movimento de repúdio organizado no Twitter em novembro de 2019, com o intuito de compor um argumento que problematize: a) as relações entre a indústria de games e dimensões de governança; e b) de que forma o discurso neoliberal é assimilado por sujeitos dentro desta cultura. A partir de uma apropriação de inspirações etnográficas e utilizando o software ATLAS.ti para a coleta e compreensão dos dados, reconstruímos uma narrativa que discute a retórica antirregulação expondo a ideologia neoliberal que pode ser largamente identificada nos discursos a respeito da cultura gamer.
Normogonadotropic menstrual function disorders in reproductive period
Authors: Sandakova Е. А. , Zhukovskaya I. G. 
Published: January 2023

Objective. To analyze and summarize the available literature data regarding the normogonadotropic menstrual function disorders in the reproductive period for identification of pathogenetic approaches to treatment of menstrual function disorders, sterility, miscarriage and pathological processes associated with them. Most of menstrual function disorders (76 %) are caused by functional hypothalamic disorders, changes in the rhythm and gonadotropic hormone secretion amplitude, which are not accompanied by an altered level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) normogonadotropic menstrual function disorders (NMFD).
Materials and methods. Systematic review of native and foreign literature.
Results. The clinical lecture presents the current data on physiology of reproductive system regulation, characteristics of menstrual function in norm and pathology; it defines normogonadotropic disorders, demonstrates their clinical forms, hypothalamic dysfunction-forming mechanisms as well as predetermining, trigger, contributory factors, which form the normogonadotropic disorders; describes clinical features of patients with the above pathology as well as algorithms for therapeutic approaches in the form of step-type tactics: elimination of contributory factors, prevention of trigger mechanisms, basic adaptogenic and situational therapy that leads to restoration of ovulation, realization of reproductive plans and improvement of the quality of life among such patients in more than 90 % of cases.
Conclusions. It was stated, taking into account the variety of mechanisms forming normogonadotropic menstrual function disorders, that treatment of such patients is a complex goal, which requires a detailed studying of female health status, forming a proper clinical diagnosis, developing personified medical programs for a long period of time.