bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation into tensile behavior of 3D printed nylon-based low and high-volume fraction carbon fiber composite
Authors: Kumar Mishra Pradeep , T. Jagadesh 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
The tensile behavior of additively manufactured nylon-based carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRP) is an important criterion in aerospace and automobile structural design. So, this study aims to evaluate and validate the tensile stiffness of printed CFRP composites (low- and high-volume fraction fiber) using the volume average stiffness (VAS) model in consonance with experimental results. In specific, the tensile characterization of printed laminate composites is studied under the influence of raster orientations and process-induced defects.

Design/methodology/approach
CFRP composite laminates of low- and high-volume fraction carbon fiber of different raster orientations (0°, ± 45° and 0/90°) were fabricated using the continuous fiber 3D printing technique, and tensile characteristics of laminates were done on a universal testing machine with the crosshead speed of 2 mm/min. The induced fracture surface of laminates due to tensile load was examined using the scanning electron microscopy technique.

Findings
The VAS model can predict the tensile stiffness of printed CFRP composites with different raster orientations at an average prediction error of 5.94% and 10.58% for low- and high-volume fiber fractions, respectively. The unidirectional CFRP laminate composite with a high-volume fraction (50%) of carbon fiber showed 50.79% more tensile stiffness and 63.12% more tensile strength than the low-volume fraction (26%) unidirectional composite. Fiber pullout, fiber fracture and ply delamination are the major failure appearances observed in fracture surfaces of laminates under tensile load using scanning electron microscopy.

Originality/value
This investigation demonstrates the novel methodology to study specific tensile characteristics of low- and high-volume fraction 3D printed CFRP composite.
Mycenaspecies can be opportunist‐generalist plant root invaders
Authors: Harder Christoffer Bugge , Hesling Emily , Botnen Synnøve S. , Lorberau Kelsey E. , Dima Bálint , von Bonsdorff‐Salminen Tea , Niskanen Tuula , Jarvis Susan G. , Ouimette Andrew , Hester Alison , Hobbie Erik A. , Taylor Andy F. S. , Kauserud Håvard 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTraditional strict separation of fungi into ecological niches as mutualist, parasite or saprotroph is increasingly called into question. Sequences of assumed saprotrophs have been amplified from plant root interiors, and several saprotrophic genera can invade and interact with host plants in laboratory growth experiments. However, it is uncertain if root invasion by saprotrophic fungi is a widespread phenomenon and if laboratory interactions mirror field conditions. Here, we focused on the widespread and speciose saprotrophic genusMycenaand performed (1) a systematic survey of their occurrences (in ITS1/ITS2 datasets) in mycorrhizal roots of 10 plant species, and (2) an analysis of natural abundances of13C/15N stable isotope signatures ofMycenabasidiocarps from five field locations to examine their trophic status. We found thatMycenawas the only saprotrophic genus consistently found in 9 out of 10 plant host roots, with no indication that the host roots were senescent or otherwise vulnerable. Furthermore,Mycenabasidiocarps displayed isotopic signatures consistent with published13C/15N profiles of both saprotrophic and mutualistic lifestyles, supporting earlier laboratory‐based studies. We argue thatMycenaare widespread latent invaders of healthy plant roots and thatMycenaspecies may form a spectrum of interactions besides saprotrophy also in the field.
Host switching by an ambrosia beetle fungal mutualist: Mycangial colonization of indigenous beetles by the invasive laurel wilt fungal pathogen
Authors: Joseph Ross , Bansal Kamaldeep , Keyhani Nemat O. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAmbrosia beetles require their fungal symbiotic partner as their cultivated (farmed) food source in tree galleries. While most fungal‐beetle partners do not kill the host trees they inhabit, since their introduction (invasion) into the United states around ~2002, the invasive beetle Xyleborus glabratus has vectored its mutualist partner (but plant pathogenic) fungus, Harringtonia lauricola, resulting in the deaths of over 300 million trees. Concerningly, indigenous beetles have been caught bearing H. lauricola. Here, we show colonization of the mycangia of the indigenous X. affinis ambrosia beetle by H. lauricola. Mycangial colonization occurred within 1 h of feeding, with similar levels seen for H. lauricola as found for the native X. affinis‐R. arxii fungal partner. Fungal mycangial occupancy was stable over time and after removal of the fungal source, but showed rapid turnover when additional fungal cells were available. Microscopic visualization revealed two pre‐oral mycangial pouches of ~100–200 × 25–50 μm/each, with narrow entry channels of 25–50 × 3–10 μm. Fungi within the mycangia underwent a dimorphic transition from filamentous/blastospore growth to yeast‐like budding with alterations to membrane structures. These data identify the characteristics of ambrosia beetle mycangial colonization, implicating turnover as a mechanism for host switching of H. lauricola to other ambrosia beetle species.
Implicit States of Connectivity in the Clinical Practice of Jungian Psychoanalysis and Andean Shamanism
Authors: Bryon Deborah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper will describe the spiritual states of “oneness” experienced by Andean shamans in relation to oceanic states in early infancy and working with trauma in Jungian analysis. The author’s work exploring implicit energetic experience with Andean shamans will be referenced with comparisons made to depth psychology, in both theory and in practice. Definitions of Q’echua terms describing different psychic meditative states that Andean shamans enter into will be provided as Andean medicine people have a much more developed language for conceptualizing these experiences. A clinical vignette will be presented that demonstrates how the spaces of implicit connection that occur between an analyst and analysand in the analytic setting can be a catalyst for healing.
Duration‐dependent transaction tax effects on sellers and their behaviors
Authors: Zhang Yanjiang , Tu Yong , Deng Yongheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe identify three interrelated behavioral outcomes of the duration‐dependent seller's stamp duty (SSD) implemented in the Singaporean private housing market and examine how it reduces market liquidity. An SSD lowers lock‐in home sellers’ opportunity cost of holding their properties through the lock‐in period thresholds. Consequently, their selling prices are higher than non–lock‐in home sellers. An SSD lowers their probability of home sales; the magnitude of this effect depends on the SSD's tax rate and tax rate deduction across a threshold. Moreover, an SSD drives some lock‐in home sellers to lease out the properties at lowerents.
Effect of controlled blood pressure increase on cerebral blood flow velocity and oxygenation in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage
Authors: Olsen Markus Harboe , Capion Tenna , Riberholt Christian Gunge , Bache Søren , Ebdrup Søren Røddik , Rasmussen Rune , Mathiesen Tiit , Berg Ronan M. G. , Møller Kirsten 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) might have impaired cerebral autoregulation, that is, CBF – and thereby oxygen delivery – passively increase with an increase in CPP. This physiological study aimed to investigate the cerebral haemodynamic effects of controlled blood pressure increase in the early phase after SAH before any signs of delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI) occurred.MethodsThe study was carried out within 5 days after ictus. Data were recorded at baseline and after 20 min of noradrenaline infusion to increase mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) by a maximum of 30 mmHg and to an absolute level of no more than 130 mmHg. The primary outcome was the difference in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (MCAv) measured by transcranial Doppler (TCD), while differences in intracranial pressure (ICP), brain tissue oxygen tension (PbtO2), and microdialysis markers of cerebral oxidative metabolism and cell injury were assessed as exploratory outcomes. Data were analysed using Wilcoxon signed‐rank test with correction for multiplicity for the exploratory outcomes using the Benjamini‐Hochberg correction.ResultsThirty‐six participants underwent the intervention 4 (median, IQR: 3–4.75) days after ictus. MAP was increased from 82 (IQR: 76–85) to 95 (IQR: 88–98) mmHg (p‐value: <.001). MCAv remained stable (baseline, median 57, IQR: 46–70 cm/s; controlled blood pressure increase, median: 55, IQR: 48–71 cm/s;p‐value: .054), whereas PbtO2increased significantly (baseline, median: 24, 95%CI: 19–31 mmHg; controlled blood pressure increase, median: 27, 95%CI: 24–33 mmHg;p‐value <.001). The remaining exploratory outcomes were unchanged.ConclusionIn this study of patients with SAH, MCAv was not significantly affected by a brief course of controlled blood pressure increase; despite this, PbtO2increased. This suggests that autoregulation might not be impaired in these patients or other mechanisms could mediate the increase in brain oxygenation. Alternatively, a CBF increase did occur that, in turn, increased cerebral oxygenation, but was not detected by TCD.Trial registration:clinicaltrials.gov(NCT03987139; 14 June 2019).
Trends in aetiology‐based hospitalisation for cirrhosis before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the United States
Authors: Kim Donghee , Perumpail Brandon J. , Wijarnpreecha Karn , Manikat Richie , Cholankeril George , Ahmed Aijaz 
Published: May 2023

SummaryBackgroundPatients with pre‐existing cirrhosis and COVID‐19 may have a poor prognosis.AimTo evaluate the temporal trends in aetiology‐based hospitalisations and potential predictors of in‐hospital mortality during hospitalisation with cirrhosis before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsBased on the US National Inpatient Sample 2019–2020, we determined quarterly trends in aetiology‐based hospitalisations with cirrhosis and decompensated cirrhosis, and identified predictors of in‐hospital mortality during hospitalisation with cirrhosis.ResultsWe analysed 316,418 hospitalisations, representing 1,582,090 hospitalisations with cirrhosis. Hospitalisations for cirrhosis increased at a relatively higher rate during the COVID‐19 era. Hospitalisation rates for alcohol‐related liver disease (ALD)‐related cirrhosis increased significantly (quarterly percentage change [QPC]: 3.6%, 95% CI: 2.2%–5.1%), with a notably higher rate during the COVID‐19 era. In contrast, hospitalisation rates for hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐related cirrhosis decreased steadily with a trend of −1.4% of QPC (95% CI: −2.5% to −0.1%). Quarterly trends in the proportion of ALD‐ (QPC: 1.7%, 95% CI: 0.9%–2.6%) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease‐related (QPC: 0.7%, 95% CI: 0.1%–1.2%) hospitalisations with cirrhosis increased significantly but declined steadily for viral hepatitis. The COVID‐19 era and COVID‐19 infection were independent predictors of in‐hospital mortality during hospitalisation with cirrhosis and decompensated cirrhosis. Compared with HCV‐related cirrhosis, ALD‐related cirrhosis was associated with a 40% higher risk of in‐hospital mortality.ConclusionIn‐hospital mortality in cirrhosis was higher in the COVID‐19 era than in the pre‐COVID‐19 era. ALD is the leading aetiology‐specific cause of in‐hospital mortality in cirrhosis with an independent detrimental impact of COVID‐19 infection.
Cost‐effectiveness of polatuzumab vedotin in combination with chemoimmunotherapy (pola‐R‐CHP) in previously untreated diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in Germany
Authors: Thiruvengadam Swetha Kambhampati , Shumilov Evgenii , Saumoy Monica , Herrera Alex F. , Tilly Hervé , Lenz Georg , Thiruvengadam Nikhil R. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryWe evaluated the cost‐effectiveness of frontline polatuzumab vedotin‐R‐CHP (pola‐R‐CHP) treatment for patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in Germany by using a Markov model (lifetime horizon). Progression rates and survival outcomes were extrapolated from the POLARIX trial. Outcomes were measured in incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICERS) with a willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) threshold of €80 000/quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALY). Assuming, 69.6% 5‐year PFS with pola‐R‐CHP and 62.6% 5‐year PFS with R‐CHOP, the addition of polatuzumab vedotin resulted in an additional 0.52 life‐years and an incremental 0.65 QALYs but €31 988 additional cost. Based on this, pola‐R‐CHP was cost‐effective (€49 238/QALY) at a WTP of €80 000/QALY. The cost‐effectiveness of pola‐R‐CHP is highly dependent on its long‐term outcomes and cost. Our analysis is limited by the fact that the long‐term outcomes of pola‐R‐CHP are unknown at this time.
Plasma miR‐1254 as a predictive biomarker of chemosensitivity and a target of nucleic acid therapy in esophageal cancer
Authors: Takashima Yusuke , Komatsu Shuhei , Ohashi Takuma , Kiuchi Jun , Nishibeppu Keiji , Kamiya Hajime , Arakawa Hiroshi , Ishida Ryo , Shimizu Hiroki , Arita Tomohiro , Konishi Hirotaka , Shiozaki Atsushi , Kubota Takeshi , Fujiwara Hitoshi , Otsuji Eigo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study investigated novel tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs) that decrease in plasma and predict chemosensitivity to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and revealed their usefulness as novel therapeutic agents. We selected four miRNA candidates (miR‐323, 345, 409, and 1254) based on the microRNA microarray comparing pre‐treatment plasma levels in ESCC patients with high and low histopathological responses to NAC and an NCBI database review. Among these miRNA candidates, miR‐1254 was more highly elevated in pre‐treatment plasma of ESCC patients with a high histopathological response than in those with a low histopathological response (P = 0.0021, area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve 0.7621). High plasma miR‐1254 levels tended to correlate with the absence of venous invasion (P = 0.0710) and were an independent factor predicting a higher response to chemotherapy (P = 0.0022, odds ratio 7.86) and better prognosis (P = 0.0235, hazard ratio 0.23). Overexpressing miR‐1254 in ESCC cells significantly enhanced chemosensitivity to cisplatin through the transcriptional regulation of ABCC1 in vitro. Moreover, increased plasma miR‐1254 levels by subcutaneous injection significantly improved responses to cisplatin in mice. Plasma miR‐1254 might be a useful biomarker for predicting responses to NAC, and the restoration of plasma miR‐1254 levels might improve chemosensitivity in ESCC.
A founder PPIL1 variant underlies a recognizable form of microlissencephaly with pontocerebellar hypoplasia
Authors: Abdel‐Salam Ghada M. H. , Abdel‐Hamid Mohamed S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiallelic variants in PPIL1 have been recently found to cause a very rare type of pontocerebellar hypoplasia and congenital microcephaly in which simplified gyral pattern was not observed in all of the patients. Here, we describe a series of nine patients from eight unrelated Egyptian families in whom whole exome sequencing detected a previously reported homozygous missense variant (c.295G>A, p.Ala99Thr) in PPIL1. Haplotype analysis confirmed that this variant has a founder effect in our population. All our patients displayed early onset drug‐resistant epilepsy, profound developmental delay, and visual impairment. Remarkably, they presented with recognizable imaging findings showing profound microcephaly, hypoplastic frontal lobe and posteriorly predominant pachygyria, agenesis of corpus callosum with colpocephaly, and pontocerebellar hypoplasia. In addition, Dandy–Walker malformation was evident in three patients. Interestingly, four of our patients exhibited hematopoietic disorder (44% of cases). We compared the phenotype of our patients with other previously reported PPIL1 patients. Our results reinforce the hypothesis that the alterative splicing of PPIL1 causes a heterogeneous phenotype. Further, we affirm that hematopoietic disorder is a common feature of the condition and underscore the role of major spliceosomes in brain development.
Home visits to identify the roles lifestyle and stress play in families of children with obesity
Authors: Gmeinder Ricarda , Heldt Katrin , Velde Anneco Dintheer‐ter , Büchter Dirk , Brogle Björn , Schmid Hanna , Laimbacher Josef , l'Allemand Dagmar 
Published: May 2023

SummaryOne‐sixth of Swiss children are affected by overweight, and despite the implementation of an evidence‐based multiprofessional approach, there has only been moderate therapeutic success. An unfavourable home environment and psychosocial stresses on the family may impede lifestyle changes. This longitudinal observational study included children with obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥97th percentile [P.]) or overweight (BMI ≥ 90th P.) with a comorbidity, and who were participating in a regional 12‐month multiprofessional group programme (MGP). Two health professionals routinely visited the family home at baseline (T0) to identify obesogenic environmental factors and psychosocial stress using an observation and question checklist and the Heidelberger stress scale (HSS). At T0 and after an 8‐month intensive intervention phase (T1), the BMI standard deviation score (BMI‐SDS) and its associations with the environmental and psychosocial factors were assessed. Twenty‐eight children (17 male) met the criteria for participation in the MGP. At T0, age was 11.2 ± 1.71 years, BMI 28.1 ± 4.7 kg/m2 and BMI‐SDS 2.9 ± 0.8, means ±SD. By T1, the mean BMI‐SDS had decreased significantly, by −0.11 (p < .05). The stress scores (30.46 ± 17.8) were elevated and the subcategories of financial and social stress showed a trend towards predicting BMI or BMI‐SDS at T0 and T1, but none of the other supposed obesogenic risk factors significantly predicted weight status. Conducting home visits allowed health professionals to identify obesity‐promoting home conditions and, more importantly, otherwise undisclosed high psychosocial stress and resource limitations in families that impacted the children's obesity before and after the MGP intervention.
Reproducibility of the pupillary light reflex over short intervals in psychiatric patients and community volunteers
Authors: McCall William V. , Dinsmore Jessica T. , Brown Alicia , Ribbens Lucas T. , Rosenquist Peter B. , McCloud Laryssa , Miller Brian J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe pupillary light reflex (PLR) is a method for measuring dynamic responses within the autonomic nervous system, and would have potential value as a point‐of‐care test in a psychiatry clinic if reproducible results could be obtained in a short period of time. We collected PLR from adult community volunteers and depressed outpatients with the purpose of demonstrating (1) that valid data could be obtained >90% of the time from both the community volunteers and the patients, and (2) that reproducible results could be obtained with repeated measurement over short periods of time. Valid data were captured for 90.3% of 76 participants, allowing for two attempts of the PLR per participant. Success rates were similar for depressed patients and community volunteers. Eighteen of these 76 participants provided repeated paired measurements after 5 and 10 min of dark adaptation, producing high correlations for maximum constriction velocity (MCV) between assay 1 and 2 (Pearson's r = 0.71, p < 0.001), but there was a significant 8% increase in velocity for MCV between assay 1 and 2 (∆ = 0.34 ± 0.59 mm/s, p < 0.05). In contrast, PLR measurements were stable when tested in a separate cohort of 21 additional participants at 10 and 15 min of dark adaptation with an MCV Pearson's correlation of r = 0.84, p < 0.001, with a nonsignificant 1% difference between the two time points. These findings indicate an acceptable rate of collecting valid and reproducible PLR data when contrasting two measurements of PLR after 10 or 15 min of dark adaptation in depressed and suicidal patients.
Using network analysis to validate domains of the modified telephone interview for cognitive status
Authors: Truong Quoc Cuong , Cervin Matti , Choo Carol C. , Numbers Katya , Bentvelzen Adam C. , Merkin Alexander G. , Sachdev Perminder S. , Feigin Valery L. , Brodaty Henry , Kochan Nicole A. , Medvedev Oleg N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS‐M) is a widely used tool for assessing global cognitive functions and screening for cognitive impairments. The tool was conceptualised to capture various cognitive domains, but the validity of such domains has not been investigated against comprehensive neuropsychological assessments tools. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the associations between the TICS‐M domains and neuropsychological domains to evaluate the validity of the TICS‐M domains using network analysis.Materials and MethodsA longitudinal research design was used with a large sample of older adults (aged above 70 years; n = 1037 at the baseline assessment) who completed the TICS‐M and comprehensive neuropsychological assessments biennially. We applied network analysis to identify unique links between the TICS‐M domains and neuropsychological test scores.ResultsAt baseline, there were weak internal links between the TICS‐M domains. The TICS‐M memory and language domains were significantly related to their corresponding neuropsychological domains. The TICS‐M attention domain had significant associations with executive function and visuospatial abilities. The TICS‐M orientation domain was not significantly associated with any of the five neuropsychological domains. Despite an attrition of almost 50% at wave four, weak internal links between the TICS‐M domains and most associations between TICS‐M and neuropsychological domains that were found initially, remained stable at least over two waves within the 6‐year period.ConclusionsThis study supports the overall structural validity of the TICS‐M screener in assessing enduring global cognitive function. However, separate TICS‐M cognitive domains should not be considered equivalent to the analogous neuropsychological domains.
Finance research: What are the new frontiers?
Authors: Thakor Anjan V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper provides a prospective look at the most exciting open research questions for future finance research in three important areas: (1) banking stability; (2) the intersection of medicine, healthcare, and finance; and (3) organizational higher purpose. In each case, a brief discussion of the existing literature is followed by a list of open research questions for future research to explore.