bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The acceptability and utility of Indigenous youth health assessments: a narrative systematic review
Authors: Fraser Jed , Askew Deborah , Mahoney Ray , Spurling Geoffrey 
Published: February 2023

Background Indigenous youth are navigating the transition from childhood to adulthood while contending with challenges of ongoing colonisation and everyday lived experiences of racism. A comprehensive assessment of Indigenous youth’s health could enable early diagnosis and respond to health concerns. This narrative systematic review synthesises evidence about the acceptability and utility of primary health care-based health assessments for improving the health and wellbeing of Indigenous youth. Methods A systematic search strategy was conducted using 20 electronic databases. Studies were included if they reported on health assessments conducted in primary health care with youth aged 12–24 years who were Indigenous to Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the USA, Taiwan, and the arctic regions of Scandinavia and Russia. A narrative synthesis was undertaken. Results Of 3061 unique studies identified, seven met the eligibility criteria. Included studies showed that youth health assessments were useful for making new diagnoses, detecting social and emotional wellbeing concerns, and biomedical parameters. Co-created health assessments with Indigenous youth conducted by clinicians familiar to the community were well accepted. Digital health assessments administered using an electronic tablet provide advantages. No health outcomes were reported. Additionally, no health assessments addressed the impacts of colonisation and racism. Conclusion There is insufficient evidence to make firm conclusions about the benefits of health assessments; however, health assessments can be useful for detecting new diagnoses and concerns regarding social determinants of health, and social and emotional wellbeing. Future development of Indigenous youth health assessments needs to involve Indigenous youth’s perspectives and interpretations of health.
Vertical autofocus for the phase screen in a turbulent ionosphere
Authors: Gilman Mikhail , Tsynkov Semyon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The performance of spaceborne synthetic aperture radars (SARs) is affected by the Earth’s ionosphere. In particular, the ionospheric turbulence causes phase perturbations of the SAR signals, which may lead to image distortions. A convenient way to model those phase perturbations is by means of a phase screen. The latter is an infinitesimally thin layer positioned at a certain elevation above the Earth’s surface. The radar signal acquires an instant perturbation once its trajectory intersects the screen. The trajectory is a ray between the antenna and the target, and the magnitude of the perturbation is equal to the screen density at the intersection point. The density is a bivariate function of the coordinates along the screen. The coordinates of a specific intersection point are determined by the ray itself, as well as the screen elevation. Thus, the magnitude of the phase perturbation explicitly depends on the screen elevation. Accordingly, to compensate for the resulting image distortions one should be able to determine the elevation of the screen. In the paper, we develop an algorithm of vertical autofocus that derives this elevation from the received SAR data, given a pair of point scatterers in the target area. The proposed algorithm exploits a modification of the coherent interferometric imaging that was previously employed to reduce the effect of phase errors due to the trajectory uncertainty. In our analysis, we highlight the differences between this case and transionospheric propagation.
An ultra-high figure of merit refractive index sensor with Mie lattice resonance of a toroidal dipole in an all-dielectric metasurface array in the near-infrared
Authors: Tu Shijuan , Liu Xinxin , Liang Kunlin , Fu Qin , Wang Yuanli , Du Qingguo , Li Zhengying 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Recently, improvement of the sensing performance of refractive index sensors using the weak far-field radiation and strong local field enhancement properties of toroidal dipole resonances has been intensively studied. Transmission/reflection spectra with significant narrow linewidth resonance have a vital effect in improving the sensing performance. However, a narrower linewidth always leads to smaller modulation depth of the resonance, which hinders the sensing performance to be improved for experiments. In this paper, we design an ultrathin all-dielectric asymmetric X-type metasurface array, where an extremely narrow linewidth and high modulation depth of transmission resonance in the near-infrared have been demonstrated with Mie lattice resonance formed by the coupling of the toroidal dipole with Rayleigh anomalous diffraction. With optimized structure parameters, a transmission dip with a full width at half-maximum as narrow as 0.061 nm and a modulation depth as high as 99.24% are achieved at a wavelength of 943.33 nm with a corresponding Q factor of 15464. According to the analysis of the displacement current distributions and the scattered powers in the far field at the resonant and nonresonant wavelengths, it is confirmed that the narrow linewidth resonance originates from the coupling of the toroidal dipole with Rayleigh anomalous diffraction. A sensitivity and a figure of merit of 321 nm RIU−1 and 5262 RIU−1 are numerically demonstrated respectively for a refractive index sensor based on the all-dielectric asymmetric X-type metasurface array.
Evaluation of the frequency characteristics of cntTSP measurement for unsteady low-speed flow
Authors: Ikami Tsubasa , Konishi Yasufumi , Nagai Hiroki 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Carbon nanotube temperature-sensitive paint (cntTSP) is a fluid measurement technology that utilizes temperature-sensitive paint (TSP). It works as an optical temperature sensor, with a thin layer of carbon nanotubes to heat the TSP layer. This study investigated the frequency characteristics of cntTSP measurements in low-speed flow. The flow field on the flat plate was periodically changed by introducing intermittent local disturbances to the flat plate in a low-speed wind tunnel test. cntTSP measurement was conducted behind the local disturbance to evaluate changes in the temperature associated with periodic changes in the flow. The amplitude of the temperature change decreased approximately linearly with the frequency in a double-logarithmic graph. Moreover, the temperature amplitude at 25 Hz was 0.008 K, and it was necessary to detect a very small temperature change to evaluate high-frequency phenomena.
Multiple scale asymptotics of map enumeration
Authors: Ercolani Nicholas , Lega Joceline , Tippings Brandon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We introduce a systematic approach to express generating functions for the enumeration of maps on surfaces of high genus in terms of a single generating function relevant to planar surfaces. Central to this work is the comparison of two asymptotic expansions obtained from two different fields of mathematics: the Riemann–Hilbert analysis of orthogonal polynomials and the theory of discrete dynamical systems. By equating the coefficients of these expansions in a common region of uniform validity in their parameters, we recover known results and provide new expressions for generating functions associated with graphical enumeration on surfaces of genera 0 through 7. Although the body of the article focuses on 4-valent maps, the methodology presented here extends to regular maps of arbitrary even valence and to some cases of odd valence, as detailed in the appendices.
Improved Parkinsonian tremor quantification based on automatic label modification and SVM with RBF kernel
Authors: Li Yumin , Wang Zengwei , Dai Houde 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective. The quantitative assessment of Parkinsonian tremor, e.g. (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) according to the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, is crucial for treating Parkinson’s disease. However, the tremor amplitude constantly fluctuates due to environmental and psychological effects on the patient. In clinical practice, clinicians assess the tremor severity for a short duration, whereas manual tremor labeling relies on the clinician’s physician experience. Therefore, automatic tremor quantification based on wearable inertial sensors and machine learning algorithms is affected by the manual labels of clinicians. In this study, an automatic modification method for the labels judged by clinicians is presented to improve Parkinsonian tremor quantitation. Approach. For the severe overlapping of dynamic feature range between different severities, an outlier modification algorithm (PCA-IQR) based on the combination of principal component analysis and interquartile range statistic rule is proposed to learn the blurred borders between different severity scores, thereby optimizing the labels. Afterward, according to the modified feature vectors, a support vector machine (SVM) with a radial basis function (RBF) kernel is proposed to classify the tremor severity. The classifier models of SVM with RBF kernel, k-nearest neighbors, and SVM with the linear kernel are compared. Main results. Experimental results show that the proposed method has high classification performance and excellent model generalization ability for tremor quantitation (accuracy: 97.93%, precision: 97.96%, sensitivity: 97.93%, F1-score: 97.94%). Significance. The proposed method may not only provide valuable assistance for clinicians to assess the tremor severity accurately, but also provides self-monitoring for patients at home and improve the assessment skills of clinicians.
Microstructure and electrical properties of green electrospun PVDF-HFP nanofibers
Authors: Khao-iam J , Salea A , Chaipo S , Putson C 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Currently, with the recent increase of concern on the environmental hazards, toxicity, chemical and toxic waste, there has been growing interest in “green solvents” as alternative solvents instead of toxicity solvents. Most of the research reported on the preparation of Poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) by using N, N- dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent which is considered a cancerogenic substance. Alternatively, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) will be selectively decided as a low toxicity solvent and not hazardous. In this research, the mixture solvents of acetone/DMSO which was used as a co-solvent for the excellent fabricated PVDF-HFP nanofibers by using the electrospinning technique. The PVDF-HFP nanofiber membranes with various solvent ratios of 60:40, 70:30 and 80:20, denoted as A6D4, A7D3, and A8D2, respectively. All nanofiber films were investigated and characterized on the morphology, dielectric properties, and percentage of crystallinity. As a result, the dielectric constant of nanofiber membranes increased with the acetone contents. The maximum dielectric constant is devoted to A6D4 at 10 Hz. The copolymers structure with a different solvent ratio was modified β-phase which significantly affected the bandwidth dielectric properties. These fabricated PVDF-HFP nanofibers with the difference in the solution mixture can tune the electrical properties and phase orientation, and those fabricated nanofibers can be promoted in terms of energy storage, energy conversion, sensors, and electrocaloric application.
UV germicidal rays working with timer and motion sensors
Authors: Kobkam C , Dangudom K 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As a result of coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic, the public has become actively involved in bodily sanitation. The “New Normal” lifestyle now focuses on cleanliness and disinfection to prevent the spread of germs. This research designed and programmed a microcontroller for a UVC disinfection system using an Arduino board as an open-source electronic platform operated with a motion sensor (PIR) and timer control module (RTC). The optical properties of an 8 Watt (W) UVC source were measured. The four UVC sources investigated had wavelengths ranging from 251 to 577 nm. A UVC wavelength of 251 nm eradicates germs but also destroys tissues and is harmful to humans. Experimental result showed that UVC intensity decreased with distance from the source according to the exponential decay function. A control system, installed inside a building to kill germs when there are no humans or pets, can control UVC light source operation with a maximum power of 2kW. Operational time can be adjusted by setting on the control case, while as an additional level of safety, the system can be turned off if a motion sensor detects movement. Movement detection distance at an angle of -90 to 90 degrees was recorded. Result gave 11 m detection distance at an angle of 0 degrees, with more than 3 m detection distance at -45 to 45 degrees, as suitable for installation above a door. This timer and motion sensor-operated UV germicidal ray system can be safely deployed to keep rooms germs free.
Assessment of annual effective dose due to inhalation and ingestion of radon from groundwater at Kantharawichai District, Maha Sarakham Province
Authors: Atyotha V , Boonkhuang A , Sola P , Somtua J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Assessment of annual effective dose due to inhalation (Dinh) and ingestion (Ding) of radon from 43 groundwater samples at Kantharawichai District, Maha Sarakham Province using Radon Gas Monitor ATMOS 12 DPX. The results were as follows: 1. radon concentrations ranged from 1.04 – 21.87 Bq/L with a mean of 8.26±3.77 Bq/L, 2. The Dinh ranged from 2.60 – 54.69 μSv/y with a mean of 20.70±9.40 μSv/y. The Ding ranged from 0.19 – 3.94 μSv/y with a mean of 1.50±0.70 μSv/y, 3. The annual effective dose on organs, namely the dose on lungs (Dlung) ranged from 6.26 – 131.24 μSv/y with a mean of 49.60±22.70 μSv/y, and the dose for stomach (Dstomach) is 0.45 – 9.45 μSv/y with a mean of 3.60±1.60 μSv/y, and 4. The mean of excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR×10-4) in males was 0.90±0.40 and in females, it was 0.96±0.44. The results will be compared with the action levels of various organizations, including. The maximum allowable radon concentration in water is 11.1 Bq/L, according to US EPA, and the allowable annual effective dose is 100 μSv/y, in accordance with WHO. Analysis of results can signify the health safety of radon inhalation and ingestion of groundwater from the study area.
Colorimetric sensor for formaldehyde detection using thiol-functionalized polydiacetylene and zinc oxide nanocomposites
Authors: Siribunbandal P , Pudwat S , Osotchan T , Jaisutti R 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Formaldehyde is a toxic pollutant that harmful effect on human health. This work focus on the development of a colorimetric sensor to detect formaldehyde solution using composites of polydiacetylene (PDA), thiol-functionalized polydiacetylene (PDA-SH) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanosheets. The as-prepared PDA/PDA-SH/ZnO vesicles exhibit a blue color, and change to a red color in the presence of formaldehyde solution. With increasing formaldehyde concentrations, the optical absorption spectra show the decreasing of absorption intensity at 640 nm wavelength, and new absorption peak occurred at 540 nm wavelength with increasing its intensity. Additionally, the PDA/PDA-SH/ZnO sensor exhibit high selective to formaldehyde and its color transition is easily observed by the naked-eye. These results indicate a possibility to use PDA/PDA-SH/ZnO sensor for on-site monitoring formaldehyde in an environment.
The effects of hair-cell polarity on the dynamics of two coupled hair-cell bundles of the inner ear
Authors: Ngampattrapan T , Roongthumskul Y 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory and vestibular systems. A bundle of cilia situated atop each hair cell, termed the hair-cell bundle, is deflected upon an impinging of a mechanical force. This modulates the open probability of mechanically gated ion channels and subsequently alters the hair cell’s membrane potential. Owing to the asymmetry in the hair bundle’s geometry, individual hair cells are polarized and display the maximal response to a force applied toward a direction that opens the ion channels. The auditory organs of most vertebrates comprise primarily of hair cells with identical polarity, whereas hair cells of the vestibular organs are organized in two opposing polarities. To understand the advantages of the bi-polarity arrangement of vestibular hair cells, we employed the theoretical framework that describes each hair-cell bundle as an active nonlinear oscillator displaying a Hopf bifurcation. Our results from numerical simulations revealed that coupling of two hair-cell bundles with opposite polarities significantly altered the value of the critical control parameter at a Hopf bifurcation. When driven by a step force, coupled hair-cell bundles with identical polarities displayed a maximal displacement in the direction which closed the ion channels. On the other hand, reversing the polarity of a hair-cell bundle rendered the system sensitive to bi-directional step forces. Lastly, we showed that coupling hair-cell bundles with opposite polarities did not significantly alter the response to sinusoidal forces.
Flow dependence of handheld breath analyzer for body fuel utilization monitoring
Authors: Sricharoen C , Waritananta T , Wattanavicheana N , Jaisuthi R , Osotchan T 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Home healthcare medical technologies have been gaining popularity and are more affordable in recent years. Exhaled breath analysis has potential in this field. The development of gas sensor technology has enabled us to build a small affable breath analysis device with the electronic nose concept. In this work, a handheld breath analyzer was developed for monitoring body fuel utilization. A hybrid gas sensor array, including electrochemical and photoacoustic gas sensors, was used to accurately measure oxygen and carbon dioxide in exhaled breath. The bypass configuration volume flow measurement method was developed to fit a small portable device. The experiment shows that both oxygen and carbon dioxide sensors are flow-dependent due to the slow response time of each sensor type. The response of the photoacoustic sensor is relatively slower than those of other sensor types. Thus, a mathematical model was developed to correct the individual sensor value to get a more accurate value of body fuel utilization. The comparison protocol of known concentrations of the oxygen and carbon gases with various flow conditions was conducted, and the mathematical model for reconstructing the original gas concentration was proposed. The result shows that the device is able to detect the RER change of humans after having a high carbohydrate content meal and after exercise
The effects of mechanically gated ion channels of the inner ear on thermal sensitivity of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions
Authors: Sawangwareesakul K , Ngampatrapan T , Roongthumskul Y 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In quiet environments, the inner ears of vertebrates can produce low intensity sounds that are detectable in the ear canal, termed spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs). This background activity of the inner ear has been regarded as an epiphenomenon of the active processes performed by hair cells – the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Experimental measurements of SOAEs from the ears of tokay geckos reveal a linear increase of SOAE frequency with body temperature, with the emission at higher frequencies displaying greater thermal sensitivity. In this work, we elucidated the cellular mechanism underlying the thermal sensitivity of SOAE frequency using a mathematical model of hair cell’s transduction process performed by mechanically gated ion channels. We employed the previously proposed gating-spring model which described an individual ion channel by a two-state system, whose activation energy associated with channel gating depended on the level of temperature. Our results from numerical simulations revealed that a rise in temperature elicited an increase in the frequency of spontaneous oscillations displayed by a single hair cell. The magnitude of the frequency shift increased with the oscillation frequency following a quadratic polynomial, a characteristic observed in the physiological recordings of SOAEs from tokay geckos. The model further suggested that the intrinsic energy difference between the open and closed state of the ion channels greatly controlled the temperature sensitivity of a hair bundle.
Coordinates transformation method for pointer gauge reading by machine vision
Authors: Jinuntuya P , Sudatham W , Jinuntuya N 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this report we present a machine vision algorithm for pointer gauge reading based on coordinates transformation. Since a pointer gauge is a polar representation of a linear scale, it is possible to transform its polar reading to the original linear counterpart. Once the picture of a pointer gauge is captured digitally, we can assign the polar positions to each pixel of the image. Those polar coordinates can be plotted on a rectangular frame to form a transformed image. The scale lines and the pointer are transformed to point vertically (or horizontally). Locations of the scale lines and pointer can be obtained from their pixel histograms maxima. The main advantage of our algorithm is its simplicity. We can read the pointer orientation and scale lines position of a pointer gauge directly from its geometrical structure. The complication of feature extraction process from the conventional algorithm, e.g., Hough transformation, can be avoided. We have tested the algorithm with the ideal and real image of pointer gauges. In the latter case, even though there are some noises on the transformed image, the locations of pointer and scale lines can still be easily found. Due to its simplicity, our algorithm is fast. We expect that our method can be useful in practice as an alternative machine vision algorithm when the real time pointer gauge reading system, e.g., the automatic dial gauge tester, is needed.
An estimation of net radiation from global solar radiation in the main regions of Thailand
Authors: Tohsing K , Phoemwong C , Uearsri C , Saiplang P 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Net radiation can be used for different purposes, especially for studying the energy or radiation balance, which can be further analysed to investigate a global warming. In order to utilize these applications, it is necessary to know the amount of net radiation in that area. This can be done by installing a net radiometer for measuring the net radiation. However, there are few monitoring stations of net radiation compared to a global solar radiation in Thailand. Therefore, this research aims to analyse a statistical characteristic of the measured net radiation and to develop a model for estimating the net radiation from the global solar radiation at four solar monitoring stations in the main regions of Thailand, namely Chiang Mai, Ubon Ratchathani, Songkhla and Nakhon Pathom during the year of 2017 to 2021. The results showed that the most net radiation of these stations had a range of 8 to 14 MJ/m2. The relationship between daily and monthly average daily net radiation and global solar radiation was found to be a linear. After that, the developed model was validated by comparing the estimated and measured net radiation. The discrepancy between the calculated net radiation and that obtained from the measurements was presented in terms of root mean square difference (RMSD) and mean bias difference (MBD) ranged from 6.98% to 16.03% and -1.82% to 7.09%, respectively.