bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CdS with tunable crystalline phase structures: controllable preparation and enhanced photocatalytic properties
Authors: Qin Na , Li Linqiang , Zheng Haoran , Cui Qingxue 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The crystal structure of CdS influences the energy band gap; therefore, its suitability as a semiconductor photocatalyst for solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion. By simply adjusting the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction, CdS samples with different crystal phases were prepared, and their photocatalytic hydrogen production performance was tested. XRD confirmed the successful preparation of the two catalysts. TEM results revealed that the (111) and (100) crystal planes corresponded to the cubic and hexagonal CdS structures of the two catalysts. The band gap values of cubic phase and hexagonal phase CdS were 2.24 eV and 2.17 eV, respectively. Cubic CdS exhibited excellent activity, which was considerably higher than that of hexagonal CdS, for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results showed that cubic CdS exhibits a smaller arc radius and lower resistance. The conduction potential of the two CdS phases was further calculated based on the Mott–Schottky plots, revealing that the conduction potential of cubic CdS is more negative than that of hexagonal CdS. Therefore, cubic CdS exhibits higher carrier migration rate and charge separation efficiency than hexagonal CdS, resulting in higher photocatalytic activity.
Multidimensional Regularity Processing in Music: An Examination Using Redundant Signals Effect
Authors: Ishida Kai , Nittono Hiroshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Regularities in music are the basis of predictive music listening. Dynamic expectations are based on short-term representations of acoustic regularities specific to the current musical context, whereas schematic expectations are based on knowledge of tonal regularities. The present study focuses on the redundant signals effect (RSE) as a novel approach to untangling the relationship between these regularities in music. The RSE refers to the occurrence of a shorter reaction time (RT) when two or three signals are presented simultaneously than when only one of these signals is presented, and provides evidence that these signals are processed concurrently. In two experiments, chords that deviated from tonal (harmonic) and acoustic (intensity and timbre) regularities were presented occasionally in the final position of short chord sequences. The participants were asked to detect all deviant chords while withholding their responses to non-deviant chords (i.e., the Go/NoGo task). RSEs were observed in all double- and triple-deviant combinations, reflecting concurrent processing of multidimensional regularities. Further analyses suggested evidence of coactivation by separate perceptual modules in the combination of tonal and acoustic deviants, but not in the combination of two acoustic deviants. These results imply that tonal and acoustic regularities are different enough to be processed as two discrete pieces of information. Examining the underlying process of RSE may elucidate the relationship between multidimensional regularity processing in music.
Identification of key genes associated with alcohol addiction and DNA replication aberrant in Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma using an integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Li Hui , Zeng Tian , Xu Li-li , Liu Dan , Zou Juan , Zhang Juan , Gao An-bo , Li Yu-kun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background Multiple evidence indicates a significant correlation between alcohol and DNA replication aberrant in cancer, but the role of this correlation in Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OSC) remains insufficient. This research evaluated correlation between DNA replication related genes (DRRGs) and alcohol addiction related genes (AARGs) in OSC via bioinformatics Methods Multiple bioinformatics approaches were used to confirm the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment significance of DRRGs in OSC. The effect of MCM3 on OSC proliferation and DNA replication were confirmed by MTT and EdU analysis. Results the level of ORC2/4, LIG1, RNASEH2B/C, RFC1, POLE4 and POLD4 was significantly decreased in OSC, but other DRRGs was obviously increased in OSC samples compared to normal samples. PCA analysis indicated that these DRRGs could be biomarkers for early diagnosis in OSC. PRIM2, ORC3, POLD1, POLD2, MCM3, RPA2, GMNN and RAD52 were identified as prognostic signatures. High-risk group has a poor prognosis. MCM3 was a key gene in the DRRG and AARGs in the development of OSC, which was enhanced in OSC patients EVs, and promoted the DNA replication and proliferation. Conclusion The hub gene MCM3 represent a significant gene involved in alcohol addiction and DNA replication aberrant for OSC progression.
Single-vector particle swarm optimization based on a competition mechanism and adaptive random adjustment strategy
Authors: Wu Qilong , Gao Ziran , Zhang Xinxin , Zhou Tong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Many variants of particle swarm optimization (PSO) have been proposed to improve convergence accuracy in applications to complex multimodal or real-world optimization problems, but this is at the price of an increase in the number of function evaluations. To deal with this problem, this paper proposes a single-vector PSO (SVPSO) based on a competition mechanism and an adaptive random adjustment strategy. First, to reduce the probability of particles falling into local optima, a collision random adjustment mechanism is employed to maintain the density of the population. Second, a leadership competition mechanism is used to balance exploitation and exploration in the search process by enlarging the search area dynamically. Third, a population-adaptive migration strategy is used to dispatch some particles to a new area when the population as a whole cannot achieve better fitness, which provides a powerful way to avoid premature convergence. Together with these methods, a single-vector structure for particles is adopted. The proposed SVPSO is evaluated on 16 benchmark functions and 12 real-world engineering problems in comparison with five state-of-the-art PSO variants. Experimental results and statistical analysis show that the proposed SVPSO performs better than the other algorithms in the majority of cases, especially with regard to accuracy and efficiency when applied to complex multimodal functions and real-world constrained optimization problems.
Relationships management as a key to the equilibrium and survival in complex systems
Authors: Tejero Alberto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe live in a connected world, where relationships are a fundamental part of our existence. Regardless of the ecosystem in which we find ourselves, relationships, both positive and negative, are part of our lives, and it is necessary not only to know them, but also to interpret and manage them. The main objective of this article focuses on demonstrating the importance of managing relationships in the life cycle of actors and ecosystems, whether these are complex systems of type: business, digital or natural ecosystems. In particular, the paper contributes very directly to the management and decision-making for the survival of actors and ecosystems, through a quantitative analysis framework, provided with a new approach and set of equilibrium measures, designed for monitoring and analysis of the relationships of actors in ecosystems. From the observation of the behavior of actors, groups of actors and ecosystems, and the analysis of the results obtained from the case study used, it is concluded that the management of our relationships allows us to determine our equilibrium in the ecosystem, detect opportunities and anticipate changes, something necessary to preserve our survival and contribute to the equilibrium and survival of the ecosystem or ecosystems to which we belong.
Study of PRESAGE® dosimeter for end-to-end 3D radiotherapy verification using an anthropomorphic phantom with bespoke dosimeter insert.
Authors: Zin Hafiz , Mohyedin Muhammad Zamir , Abubakar Auwal , Rahman Ahmad Taufek Abdul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Modern radiotherapy techniques have advanced and become more sophisticated. End-to-end 3D verification of the complex radiotherapy dose distribution in an anthropomorphic phantom is important to ensure the accuracy of the treatment delivery. The phantoms typically used are homogenous water-equivalent phantoms and lack of capability to measure the dose in 3D. Therefore, we developed an end-to-end 3D radiotherapy dose verification system based on MAX-HD anthropomorphic phantom (IMT, Troy, New York) with bespoke intracranial insert for PRESAGE® dosimeter. In this study, several radiotherapy treatment techniques of various levels of complexity, 3D-CRT, IMRT and SRS treatment, were planned for a 20 mm diameter of a spherical target in the brain region and delivered to the phantom. The dosimeters were read out using an in-house optical computed tomography (OCT) imaging system known as 3DmicroHD-OCT. It was found that the measured dose distribution of the PRESAGE® shows good agreement with the measured dose distribution of EBT film and Monaco TPS with a maximum difference of less than 3% from 3D-CRT, IMRT and SRS treatment planning. The gamma analysis results of PRESAGE® in comparison to EBT film and Monaco TPS show pass rates of more than 95% for the criteria of 3% dose difference and 3 mm distance-to-agreement. This study proves the capability of PRESAGE® and bespoke MAX-HD phantom in conjunction with the 3DmicroHD-OCT system to measure 3D dose distribution for end-to-end dosimetry verification.
Futuristic Streamflow Prediction Based on Cmip6 Scenarios Using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Ullah Basir , Fawad Muhammad , Khan Afed Ullah , Mohmand Sikhandar Khan , Iqbal Muhammad Junaid , khan Jehanzeb , Khan Mehran 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Accurate streamflow estimation is vital for effective water resources management, including flood mitigation, drought warning, and reservoir operation. This research assesses the predictive performance of popular machine learning algorithms (LSTM, Regression Tree, AdaBoost, and Gradient Boosting) for daily streamflow forecasting in the Swat River basin. Three key predictor variables (maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and precipitation) are utilized. The study evaluates and compares the effectiveness of ML models (Gradient Boosting, Regression Tree, AdaBoost, and LSTM) during two timeframes (2021–2050 and 2051–2100). Bias-corrected data from ten general circulation models, considering greenhouse gas trajectories (SSP245 and SSP585), are used. Statistical metrics like Coefficient of determination (R2), Mean square Error (MSE), Mean Absolute error (MAE), and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are employed for evaluation. Regression Tree exhibits exceptional performance (R2: 0.88 during training, 0.78 during testing). Ensembling Regression Tree, AdaBoost, and Gradient Boosting, future daily streamflow projections are made for SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios. Bias correction enhances reliability, with the ensemble mean indicating an increase in mean annual streamflow between the 2050s and 2080s (3.26–7.52% for SSP245, 3.77–13.55% for SSP585).
Radioecological, physicochemical, and mineralogical investigations of soil samples from neutral and vegetation land in Ropar, Punjab (India)
Authors: Kaintura Sanjeet S. , Thakur Swati , Kaur Sarabjot , Devi Soni , Tiwari Katyayni , Raizada Priyanka , Sharma Arzoo , Singh Pushpendra P. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The present work aims to compare and contrast radiological, mineralogical, and morphological attributes of soil samples from a neutral and agricultural site in Rupnagar, Punjab, to study the influence of land use patterns. The mean activity concentration of 238U, 232Th, 40K, 235U, and 137Cs determined using a p-type HPGe detector in neutral land was observed as 38.45, 58.50, 305.37, 2.02, and 0.78 Bq kg-1, respectively, while in vegetation land, it was 26.57, 45.11, 409.54, 1.60 and 1.28 Bq kg-1 respectively. Radium equivalent (Raeq) for all investigated specimens was below the safe limit of 370Bq kg-1 prescribed by OECD. Further, dosimetric investigations revealed that for neutral land, the outdoor absorbed gamma dose rate (65.83nGy h-1) and resulting annual effective dose rate (0.08mSv y-1) slightly exceeded the world average. The surface morphology of neutral land favored more compactness, while agricultural land favored high porosity. Various heavy metals of health concern, namely As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Se, and Zn, were also evaluated in all soil specimens using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Ecological Risk Index (RI) revealed that vegetation land was more anthropogenically contaminated in comparison to neutral land, with maximum contamination from Hg and As.
Previously undetected small-scale greenhouses are an unknown environmental threat
Authors: Tong Xiaoye , Zhang Xiaoxin , Fensholt Rasmus , Jensen Peter , Li Sizuo , Larsen Marianne , Reiner Florian , Tian Feng , Brandt Martin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Greenhouse cultivation has been expanding rapidly in recent years, being crucial for food security but raising environmental concerns. Yet, currently little knowledge exists on its global extent and possible drivers of the expansion. Here, we present a global assessment of greenhouse cultivation and map 1.3 million hectares of greenhouse infrastructures in 2019 using commercial satellite data at 3 m resolution, including both large and small scale greenhouse infrastructure. We show that only 61% are concentrated in large greenhouse clusters, and that the remaining 39% are small-scale greenhouse cultivation, which are challenging to detect with public satellite data. By studying the temporal development of the 65 largest clusters (> 1500 ha), we show a surge in greenhouse cultivation in the Global South since the early 2000s, including a dramatic increase in China, which accounts for 60% of the global coverage. Our assessment raises awareness that the true extent of areas polluted by greenhouse plastic is much larger than previously thought, with wide-ranging implications on environmental and socioeconomic conditions.
Valuing the ocean carbon sink at the country level
Authors: Rickels Wilfried , Karstensen Johannes , Meier Felix , Peterson Sonja , Ruehland Sina , Thube Sneha , Grasse Patricia , Quaas Martin , Posern Conny , Vafeidis Athanasios , Wolff Claudia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The ocean carbon sink annually removes about a third of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, reducing climate change damage and CO2 abatement costs. While land sinks have been integrated into climate policies, the ocean sink has not—for good reason, since the former stores carbon within the boundaries of a given country, while the latter removes carbon from the atmosphere as global commons. However, the question of the value of the oceanic carbon sink remains, and how it should be attributed when comparing a coastal country with a large exclusive economic zone (EEZ) to a landlocked country. Here, we demonstrate different approaches to valuing the ocean carbon sink, comparing a climate-change-damage-based approach with an abatement-based and market-based approach. We use a high-resolution carbon flux dataset (0.25x0.25 degrees) to estimate the oceanic carbon sinks and sources in coastal areas. We assign a net sink of 1.72 GtC proportional to countries with negative carbon fluxes in their EEZs. In our calculation, the annual value of the global ocean sink ranges from 66 B USD to 1432 B USD.
Enhancing debris removal in curved canals: a comparative evaluation of XP-endo Finisher and Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation
Authors: Silva Warley Oliveira , Amoroso-Silva Pablo , Olivares Patrícia , Alcade Murilo Priori , Alves Flávio Rodrigues Ferreira , Marceliano-Alves Marília Fagury 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The study aimed to compare the efficacy of XP-endo Finisher and Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation (PUI) in removing hard tissue debris from curved canals.
Materials and methods
Thirty-four mandibular molars with Vertucci’s type II mesial canals were scanned in microcomputed tomography before and after preparation with HyFlex EDM, and accumulated hard tissue debris was quantified. Subsequently, the teeth were randomly divided into two groups according to the supplementary procedure: PUI with the Ultra-X insert or XP-endo Finisher. After the intervention, the specimens underwent another scanning. Two separate analyses were conducted, one for the total canal and another for the isthmus area. Unpaired and paired T-tests were used for inter- and intergroup comparisons, with a significance level set at 5%.
Results
Both supplementary methods reduced the amount of debris compared to the initial volume. Remarkably, the XP-endo Finisher achieved a significantly higher percentage of debris removal (71% for the total canal and 74% for the isthmus areas) compared to PUI (41% for the total canal and 52% for the isthmus area) (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Both supplementary approaches reduced the amount of hard tissue debris from canal preparation, still XP-endo Finisher showed a higher reduction compared to PUI (p < 0.05).
Clinical relevance:
None of the supplementary methods rendered canals completely free of hard tissue debris. However, the supplementary approach with XP-endo Finisher resulted in lower levels of hard tissue debris than PUI in curved canals with isthmuses.
Mathematical knowledge for teaching in Pre-Service teachers from the Complementary Training Program of the Escuela Normal Superior Cristo Rey from Barrancabermeja.
Authors: Ascanio Luis Fernando Ávila , Pinto Elgar Gualdron 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This study analyzes the state of mathematical competencies of pre-service teachers of the Complementary Training Program (CTP) of the Escuela Normal Superior Cristo Rey, from Barrancabermeja, Colombia and compares it with the results obtained in a private and an official university. The research has a quantitative, non-experimental, longitudinal approach, having as variable the mathematical knowledge of the students of the sample, from a comparative analysis of the levels of Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching (MKT) at the beginning -first semester- and at the end -fourth semester- of the educational process. The test measures three mathematical competencies: reasoning, communication and problem solving. The results show that in all samples there is low performance in the communicative competence and that students in the first semester of the public university show better competencies than those in the Complementary Training Program (CTP) and private university, in that order. However, at the end of the course, it is the CTP students who show better performance than their public and private university counterparts. This could be due to the emphasis on science and mathematics didactics, as well as the constant exposure to class planning and professional practices. In conclusion, students, future teachers, both in their first and last semesters, need to reinforce their communicative competence in mathematics and their exposure to professional practices should be privileged throughout their careers.
Wafer Contour Curve Linearization Algorithm Research Based on Image for Detecting Minute Edge Defects
Authors: Zhao Jiali , Teng Xuesong , Liu Maijie , Shen Bobo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing wafer defect detection algorithms and the problem of low accuracy of wafer defect detection in the case of insufficient training samples, a wafer contour curve refinement extraction and linearization processing algorithm were developed for detecting minute edge defects. A new adaptive wafer image contrast enhancement algorithm was used to filter background noise, and the angle division method was used to rotate a wafer with any inclination to make it vertical. The target lines were extracted by using a single-pixel wide morphological convolution kernel, and then the wafer outline skeletal filling algorithm was proposed to make all the pixels of the extracted independent lines lie in the same rectangle when the lines meet the requirements. Finally, the length of the wafer contour straight lines was calculated based on the average value of two lines. Experiments show that the wafer contour straight lines extracted by this method can achieve a more precise coincidence with the original image. In this paper, an alternative algorithm, based on the image edge, especially when turning the contour curve into a straight line, is proposed for detecting the minute edge defects.
Nurses substance use and resilience patterns
Authors: Jarrad Reem , Mahmoud Naser , Hourani Eman AL , Malkawi Adeeb , AL-Fayoumi Dua’ Jum'a 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims: Some nurses may turn to non-adaptive behaviors including patterns of substance use during their daily pressured routines and in crisis times. This study aimed to assess nurses’ substance use and resilience patterns during the past three months.
Design and Analysis: Descriptive data was collected from nurses using convenient sampling from public, educational and private sector hospitals. Chi-square analysis was used to test the association between substance use and nurses’ gender and type of health care sector. Student t-test examined the impact of resilience level on substance use.
Setting: Amman-Jordan.
Participants: 1000 hospital based nurses.
Measurements: The outcome variable was substance use differentiated by category. Related variables such as gender, age, type of hospital and other socio-demographic variables were assessed by self-reported questionnaire. Resilience as an independent variable was measured by Connor-Davidson resilience Scale (10-items) (1).
Findings: The highest prevalence of substance use among nurses was found in caffeinated drinks followed by smoking then hypnotics and the lowest prevalence was for cocaine. Significant associations were found between substance use and gender in favor of males in smoking ( p< .001), alcohol use, cannabis and hypnotics. Significant association was found between nurses in private hospitals and substance use over their partners in educational and public hospitals, in favor of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, stimulants, inhaled substances, hypnotics, hallucinating agents and opioids. Significant differences in resilience score between users and none-users were found in alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, stimulants, hypnotics, hallucinating agents and opioids. Non-users scored higher in resilience mean scores for all substance types.
Conclusions: Traumatic psychological experiences, work and life pressures induce some protective mechanisms to help nurses endure emotional pain. Some of those mechanisms include patterns of smoking, alcohol and other forms of substance use. Remarkably, nurses who use substances show less resilient patterns.