bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Oral and Prenatal Healthcare Providers in the Promotion of Oral Health for Pregnant Women
Authors: Agili Dania E. Al , Khalaf Zeinab I. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Hormonal alterations and lowered immunity during pregnancy aggravated by poor oral hygiene increase the risk of pregnant women developing oral diseases. We conducted this study to examine the role of oral and prenatal health providers in promoting dental care for pregnant women attending primary healthcare centers (PHCs) in Saudi Arabia.
Methods
We conducted an analysis of women (n=515) who visited a dentist before pregnancy from a population of women who attended prenatal care at PHCs. We examined associations between oral practices of dental and prenatal health providers (exposures) and women’s utilization of dental care during pregnancy (outcome). Covariates included age, education, family income, health insurance, nationality, and presence of dental problems.
Results
Only 30.0% of women were informed by a dentist before pregnancy about the importance of visiting a dentist during pregnancy. Approximately 37.0% of women were asked about oral health, 34.4% were informed about the importance of dental care during pregnancy, and 33.2% had their mouths inspected by prenatal health providers. Women informed by dentists about the importance of dental visits during pregnancy were twice as likely (odds ratio [OR]: 2.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.63-3.60) to visit a dentist during pregnancy. Women who were referred to dentists, had their mouth inspected, or were advised to visit a dentist during pregnancy by prenatal providers were 4.29 (95% CI: 2.67-6.88), 3.79 (95% CI: 2.47-5.82), and 3.37 (95% CI: 2.16-5.27) times as likely to visit a dentist during pregnancy.
Conclusion
The participation of oral and prenatal healthcare providers in evidence-based oral health promotion practices, antenatal-dental collaboration and closing the referral loop increase pregnant women’s access to and utilization of preventive and treatment dental services.
Lung Cancer Risk and Exposure to Air Pollution: A Multicenter North China Case-Control Study Involving 14604 Subjects
Authors: Li Daojuan , Shi Jin , Liang Di , Ren Meng , He Yutong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background:For North Chinese lung cancer patients, there is limited study on the distribution of air pollution and smoking related features based on analyses of large-scale, high-quality population datasets. The aim of the study was to fully analyze risk factors for 14604 Subjects.
Methods: Participants and controls were recruited in 11 cities of North China. Participants’ basic information (sex, age, marital status, occupation, height, and weight), blood type, smoking history, alcohol consumption, history of lung-related diseases and family history of cancer were collected. PM2.5 concentration data for each year in each city of the study area from 2005 to 2018 were extracted based on geocoding of each person's residential address at the time of diagnosis. Demographic variables and risk factors were compared between cases and matched controls using a univariate conditional logistic regression model. Multivariate conditional logistic regression models were applied to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for risk factors in univariate analysis. The nomogram model and the calibration curve were developed to predict lung cancer probability for the probability of lung cancer.
Results: There was a total of 14604 subjects, comprising 7124 lung cancer cases and 7480 healthy controls included in the study. Marital status of unmarried persons, people with a history of lung-related disease, corporate personnel and production /service personnel were protective factors for lung cancer. People younger than 50 years old, people who were smoking and quit smoking, people who had been drinking consistently, people with family history of cancer and PM2.5 exposure were proven to be a risk factor for lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer varied with sex, smoking status and air pollution. Consistent alcohol consumption, persistent smoking and smoking quit were risk factors for lung cancer in men. By smoking status, male was risk factor for lung cancer in never smokers. Consistent alcohol consumption added risk for lung cancer in never smokers. The combined effects of PM2.5 pollution exposure and ever smoking aggravated the incidence of lung cancer. According to air pollution, lung cancer risk factors are completely different in lightly and heavily polluted areas. In lightly polluted areas, a history of lung-related disease was a risk factor for lung cancer. In heavily polluted areas, male, consistent alcohol consumption, a family history of cancer, ever smokers and smoking quit were all risk factors for lung cancer. A nomogram was plotted and the results showed that PM2.5 was the main factor affecting the occurrence of lung cancer.
Conclusions:The large-scale accurate analysis of multiple risk factors in different air quality environments and various populations, provide clear directions and guidance for lung cancer prevention and precise treatment.
Ischemia prediction score (IsPS) in patients with strangulated small bowel obstruction: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Murao Shuhei , Fujino Shiki , Danno Katsuki , Takeda Takashi , Yamamoto Kei , Higashiguchi Mayasya , Noguchi Kozo , Hirao Takafumi , Oka Yoshio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds: Intestinal ischemia of strangulated small bowel obstruction (SSBO) requires prompt identification and early intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors and develop a prediction model of intestinal ischemia requiring bowel resection in SSBO.
Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients underwent emergency surgery for SSBO from April 2007 to December 2021. Univariate analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for bowel resection in these patients. Two clinical scores (with contrasted computed tomography [CT] and without contrasted CT) were developed to predict intestinal ischemia. The scores were validated in an independent cohort.
Results: A total of 127 patients were included, 100 in the development cohort (DC) and 27 in the validation cohort (VC). Univariate analysis showed that high white blood cell count (WBC), low base excess (BE), ascites and reduced bowel enhancement were significantly associated with bowel resection. The ischemia prediction score (IsPS) comprised 1 point each for WBC ≥ 10000/L, BE ≤ -1.0 mmol/L, ascites, and 2 points for reduced bowel enhancement. The simple IsPS (s-IsPS, without contrasted CT) of 2 or more had a sensitivity of 69.4%, specificity of 65.4%. The modified IsPS (m-IsPS, with contrasted CT) of 3 or more had a sensitivity of 86.7%, specificity of 76.0%. AUC of s-IsPS was 0.716 in DC and 0.812 in VC, and AUC of m-IsPS was 0.838 and 0.814.
Conclusion: IsPS predicted possibility of ischemic intestinal resection with high accuracy and can help in the early identification of intestinal ischemia in SSBO.
Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Networks for Volumetric Computed Tomography Surviews from Single- and Dual-View Topograms
Authors: Shapira Nadav , Bharthulwar Siddharth , Noël Peter B. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Computed tomography (CT) is an extensively used imaging modality capable of generating detailed images of a patient’s internal anatomy for diagnostic and interventional procedures. High-resolution volumes are created by measuring and combining information along many radiographic projection angles. In current medical practice, single and dual-view two-dimensional (2D) topograms are utilized for planning the proceeding diagnostic scans and for selecting favorable acquisition parameters, either manually or automatically, as well as for dose modulation calculations. In this study, we develop modified 2D to three-dimensional (3D) encoder-decoder neural network architectures to generate CT-like volumes from single and dual-view topograms. We validate the developed neural networks on synthesized topograms from publicly available thoracic CT datasets. Finally, we assess the viability of the proposed transformational encoder-decoder architecture on both common image similarity metrics and quantitative clinical use case metrics, a first for 2D-to-3D CT reconstruction research. According to our findings, both single-input and dual-input neural networks are able to provide accurate volumetric anatomical estimates. The proposed technology will allow for improved (i) planning of diagnostic CT acquisitions, (ii) input for various dose modulation techniques, and (iii) recommendations for acquisition parameters and/or automatic parameter selection. It may also provide for an accurate attenuation correction map for positron emission tomography (PET) with only a small fraction of the radiation dose utilized.
Improving the efficiency of household insecticide testing against mosquitoes
Authors: Martins Walter Fabricio Silva , Reid Emma , Tomlinson Sean , Evans George , Gibson Jennie , Guy Amy , Donnelly Martin , Weetman David 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Developing robust, standardized approaches for testing mosquito populations against insecticides is a vital step for understanding the effectiveness of new active ingredients or formulations. Methods for testing mosquito susceptibility against contact insecticides or products, such as those delivered through public health programmes are well-established and standardized. Nevertheless, approaches for testing volatile or aerosolized insecticides used in household products can be challenging to standardize and implement efficiently.
Methods
We adapted WHO guidelines for household insecticides to develop a standardized and higher-throughput methodology for testing aerosolized products in Peet Grady test chamber (PG-chamber) using caged mosquitoes and an efficient decontamination method. The new approach was validated using insecticide resistant and susceptible Aedes and Anopheles mosquito colonies. An added feature is the inclusion of cage-facing cameras to allow real-time quantification of knockdown following insecticide exposure.
Results
The wipe-based decontamination method was highly effective for removing pyrethroids’ aerosolized oil-based residues from chamber surfaces, with < 2% of recorded mortality for susceptible mosquitoes tested directly on the surfaces. There was no spatial heterogeneity for knockdown or mortality of caged mosquitoes within the PG chamber, and the dual-cage approach applied effectively discriminate susceptible and resistant mosquito colonies tested side-by-side.
Conclusions
The dual-cage based assay that we implement yields eight-times the throughput compared to a free-flight protocol and allows simultaneous testing of different mosquito strains.
SARS-CoV-2 virion, debacle humane: An Analytical approach
Authors: Boddu Raja Sarath Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus diseases COVID-19 is pandemic, as the virus SARS-CoV2, which causes coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) and it variants has spread all over the world. This pandemic disease, COVID-19 is primarily described as an infectious disease-causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Later it transforms into severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virion variant. These virion variants have emerged across the globe with deceptively higher transmissibility and with immunity deteriorate capabilities. In this research paper, it is proposed to compare several ML algorithms to predict the COVID-19 mortality using the various countries data and choose the best performing algorithm as a predictive tool for decision-making. This study aimed to develop a mortality risk prediction for COVID-19 based on ML algorithms that utilize data.
Routing and Congestion Control in Wireless Sensor Networks using the Ant Colony Optimization algorithm and the Tabu search algorithm
Authors: Sefati Seyed Salar , Farkhady Roya Zareh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWireless sensor networks (WSN) are a new generation of networks that consist of a enormous number of sensor nodes. These nodes are usually inexpensive and have the ability to communicate wirelessly, compute, and sensing. The main purpose of these networks is to collect information about the environment. These networks' function is that the nodes collect the information, and then this data is sent to the base station. Therefore, data transfer, routing, congestion control are important and challenging issues in this network type. Various protocols have been proposed in this field, considering energy utilization and increasing the network's lifetime are important problems. Our goal in this study is to consider the energy consumption and increase the network lifetime and some of the Quality of Service (QoS) parameters, such as increasing the number of alive nodes and throughput. In this paper, we use an Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm to try the routing send data from a source node to the Cluster Head (CH). Then the routing analysis performed with the Tabu search (TS) algorithm is to found the route that has congestion. If the path has more than a 70% threshold, the path putting up on the congestion route, and the ACO algorithm must find the new path to send data from source to CH. In this research, the proposed method's performance with the Adaptive Cuckoo Search Based Optimal Rate Adjustment (ACSRO) algorithm, Fuzzy based Cross-layer mechanism using Oppositional Artificial Bee Colony (FCOABC) algorithm, and the Flock-based Congestion Control (Flock-CC) algorithm in the same data set has been investigated in the NS3 simulator.
Endophytic colonization of tomato by Beauveria bassiana decreased fitness and altered feeding behavior of whitefly Bemisia tabaci
Authors: Wang Xian , Yuan Qian , Yan Ganwei , Qin Yang , Wang Ziying , Li Guangyun , Liu Huai 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a polyphagous super pest, which causes serious threat to agricultural production globally. Beauveria bassiana, as entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), can not only directly kill a variety of pests, but also inhibit the occurrence of pests as fungal endophytes within plants. In this study, we explored how the introduction of B. bassiana as endophytes into tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) affected the fitness and feeding behavior of whitefly. The result showed that there was significant difference in the fertility of B. tabaci on tomatoes treated with B. bassiana by root irrigation, B. bassiana by local leaf spray, and 0.05% Tween 80 solution, among which the number of eggs laid was the lowest on tomatoes treated with B. bassiana by root irrigation. Furthermore, B. tabaci fed on tomatoes treated with EPF by root irrigation showed significantly higher mortality rate in each stage than control plants with 0.05% Tween 80, by constructing the age-stage, two-sex life table. In addition, the intrinsic rate of increase (r), the finite rate of increase (λ) and the net reproductive rate (R0) of B. tabaci population on tomatoes treated with EPF by root irrigation were all significantly lower than control. Moreover, tomatoes treated by root irrigation had a significant negative effect on the feeding behavior of B. tabaci, by shortening the watery salivation and phloem ingestion. Our results indicated that B. bassiana effectively inhibited the occurrence of whitefly as endophytes. These findings enhanced our understanding about the inhibition of endophytic EPF on pests.
Higher Toxicity Rates Following Hypofractionated Radiotherapy in Early Glottic Cancer Patients
Authors: Zavdy Ofir , Yosefof Eyal , Shoffel-Havakuk Hagit , Icht Oded , Shilo Dafna Yaacobi , Bachar Gideon , Hamzany Yaniv , Kurman Noga 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Context: Toxicity from radiation therapy for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma includes dysphagia, mucositis, laryngeal edema, weight loss and pain. Hypofractionation (HF) regimens shorten the overall treatment time to lower the risk for accelerated repopulation of tumor cells following initiation of radiotherapy (RT) demonstrated improved overall survival and locoregional control.
Objective: To examine the early toxicity of HF to the larynx, compared with standard fractionated (SF) RT.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 127 laryngeal SCC patients who were treated with RT; Early glottic cancer (50%) received hypofractionation (2.25Gy/fr, 63Gy) only to the glottis while advanced stage disease (50%) received standard fractionation (2Gy/fr, 70Gy) to the glottis and to bilateral neck, with or without concurrent chemotherapy (CRT).
Results: Patients in HF group consumed significantly higher dosages of both Fentanyl (15 mg versus 8 mg) and Oxycodone (2.9 mg versus 2.1) due to increased pain and discomfort (P<0.05). Patients in HF group who were treated with Dexamethasone boluses demonstrated a significantly lower weight loss compared to HF patients not treated with steroids, and even promoted weight gain in some (p<0.005). Patients with advanced-stage cancer who were treated with CRT suffered from greater toxicity, compared to RT alone, leading to higher rates of dehydration events and weight loss.
Conclusions: HF-treated patients tend to consume significantly higher doses of opioids than patients treated with SF, representing higher levels of pain. Treatment regimens for patients undergoing HF should include proper pain management, and when possible, steroids.
Integrative multi-Omics analysis depicts the methylome and hydroxymethylome of recurrent bladder cancers and identifies biomarkers for predicting PD-L1 expression
Authors: Shi Zhen-Duo , Han Xiao-Xiao , Dong Yang , Pang Kun , Dong Bing-zhe , Hao Lin , Liang Qing , Han Cong-hui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background:
Urinary bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the urinary tract; however, the mechanism of its high recurrence and responses to immunotherapy remains unclear, resulting in difficulties in clinical outcome prediction. Epigenetic alterations, especially DNA methylation, play important roles in bladder cancer development and are increasingly investigated as biomarkers for diagnostic or prognostic predictions. However, little is known regarding hydroxymethylation since previous studies based on bisulfite-sequencing approaches could not differentiate between 5mC and 5hmC signals, resulting in entangled methylation results.
Methods:
Here, we used a multi-omics approach to provide the genome, transcriptome, methylome, and hydroxymethylome landscape of both primary and recurrent bladder cancers.
Results:
By whole exome sequencing, we identified driver mutations that are involved in the UBC development, such as FGFR3, KDMTA and KDMT2C. However, few of these driver mutations are associated with the recurrence or the PD-L1 down-regulation in UBC. By integrating RRBS and oxRRBS-seq data, we identified fatty acid oxidation-related genes significantly enriched in 5hmC-associated transcription alterations in recurrent bladder cancers. We also observed a serial of 5mC hypomethylation DMRs in the gene body of NFATC1, a gene that is highly involved in the T-cell immune response, in bladder cancer samples with high expression of PD-L1. And since 5mC and 5hmC alternations are globally anti-correlated, RRBS-seq based markers which combine the 5mC and 5hmC signals, attenuate the cancer-related signals and therefore are not optimal to be used as clinical biomarkers.
Conclusions:
By multi-omics profiling of UBC samples, we showed that epigenetic alternations are more involved than genetic mutations in the recurrence and PD-L1 regulation of UBC. In addition, as a proof of principle, we demonstrated that the combined measurement of 5mC and 5hmC level by bisulfite-based method will compromise the prediction accuracy of epigenetic biomarkers.
An effective model for the detection of pneumonia from chest X-ray images using inner residual inception
Authors: Nasef Mohammed M. , Shehata Aya El-Sayed , Sauber Amr M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Pneumonia is a serious disease that can lead to death if it is not diagnosed in an accurate manner. This paper presents three models for diagnosing pneumonia based on Chest X-Ray images. The first proposed model depends on the combination of inception, residual, and dropout. The second model is based on adding a batch normalization layer to the first model. The third model adds inner residual inception. The inner residual inception block has four branches, each of which has a significantly deeper root than any other known inception block, necessitating the use of residual connections between each branch. Inner residual inception blocks eventually consist of 4 distinct ResNet architectures. Each branch has a building block that is repeated three times with residuals, and then a dropout layer is added on top of that. These models used logistic regression and the Adam optimizer. The metrics used to evaluate the models are accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, AUC, and balanced accuracy. From the results, the third proposed model has achieved the highest accuracy of 96.76%, and the best balance accuracy of 95.08%.
Long-term efficacy and safety of piggyback jejunal interposition reconstruction single-tract reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy for Siewert II/III adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction: A retrospective case series study
Authors: Zhang Wanhong , Ma Yuchao , Ren Baoqing , Lei Liqiang , Li Linjie , Dong Jianhong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of this study is to introduce the protocol of piggyback jejunal interposition reconstruction single-tract reconstruction (PJIRSTR) for Siewert II/III adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) in detail, and assess its feasibility and safety, moreover, evaluate the efficacy of preventing postoperative reflux symptoms as well as the clinical outcome of surgical treatment in long term.
Methods
Between July 2013 and October 2017, Patients with Siewert II/III AEG who underwent PJIRSTR in Shanxi Cancer Hospital were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criterias. The retrospectively collected data including clinical characters, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, and follow-up were collected. Clinical indicators were determined by the paired-samples t-test. Overall survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier curve.
Results
A total of 33 patients with SiewertII/III AEG were enrolled according to inclusion and exclusion, including 29 male and 4 female patients, with a mean age of 60.9 years. 23 patients were Siewert II AEG and 10 were Siewert III. All of 33 patients underwent open surgery via the abdominal approach and no intraoperative death. The mean operation and reconstruction times were 136.7 and 46.9 min, respectively. The mean estimated blood loss was 87.6 mL; the mean number of dissected lymph nodes was 14.7, and the mean duration of postoperative hospitalization was 13.9 days. The early complication rate was 9.1% (n = 3), including one case each of anastomotic bleeding, incision infection, and ileus. The late complication rate also was 9.1% (n = 3): 1 patient had gastrojejunal anastomosis stenosis, which was successfully treated under the fluoroscopic balloon dilatations. 2 had Visick grade II reflux symptoms, no manifestations of reflux esophagitis was found in all patients by postoperative gastroscopy. The mean follow-up time was 73 months, with the median follow-up of 82 months. The 3- and 5-year cumulative overall survival rates were 90.9% and 78.8%, respectively.
Conclusion
PJIRSTR is a safe and feasible, and innovative reconstruction method after proximal gastrectomy (PG) for patients with Siewert II/III AEG. Furthermore, it has excellent efficiency in terms of preventing postoperative reflux symptoms.