bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase‐field modeling for failure behavior of reinforced ultra‐high performance concrete at low cycle fatigue
Authors: Pise Mangesh , Gebuhr Gregor , Brands Dominik , Schröder Jörg , Anders Steffen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe influence of different fiber contents and orientations on the overall material behavior of steel microfiber reinforced UHPC is studied. To analyze the failure behavior of UHPC, the three‐point bending beam tests at low cycle is investigated experimentally and simulated numerically. For that purpose, recently developed phenomenological material model, see our recent works [1] and [2], based on the combination of elasto‐plastic phase‐field model for fracture and transversal isotropic elasto‐plasticity is implemented. For the modeling of distinct behavior of UHPC in tension and in compression, two different continuous stepwise linearly approximated degradation functions are used, cf. [3]. The numerical calibration is done using the measured mechanical properties of UHPC and steel fibers in the experiments. To use the different fiber distributions and orientations of steel fibers, the orientation distribution functions (ODF) are constructed. The prediction capability of the presented numerical model in terms of accuracy of numerical results comparing to the experimental data is discussed.
One‐Step Photo‐Induced Self‐Assembly Syntheses of High‐Dispersion CuO‐Loaded Mesoporous Silica for Methylene Blue Catalytic Degradation
Authors: Wu Mei , Li Bowen , Zhao Xin , Xu Weichuan , Ding Jiahui , Wang Kuoteng , Chao Yitong , Jiang Jinlong , Han Haifeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, a novel one‐step photo‐induced self‐assembly method have been applied to fabricate high dispersion CuO nanoparticles loading on the mesoporous silica (CuONP/MS). This method can effectively control the size of CuO metallic particles, having advantages of time saving, easy operation, and environmentally friendly. CuONP/MS with different Si/Cu molar ratio were used as heterogeneous Fenton‐like catalysts to remove methylene blue (MB) from wastewater with the help of H2O2. CuONP/MS(15), having proper copper doping amount, uniform CuO distribution in nano range and suitable Cu2+/Cu+ ratio, exhibited a higher activity (96 % within 20 min) and stability (80 % after five cycles of use) in MB degradation. CuONP/MS(15) could work in a wide range pH with low metal leaching concentration. Fluorescence(FL) results proved that it is more easily to form oxygen defect, which generate more surface hydroxyl groups as reaction sites for MB removal. One‐step photo‐induced self‐assembly method were proved to be an attractive alternative method to prepare metal loading mesosilica catalysts. CuONP/MS catalysts were efficient heterogeneous Fenton‐like system exemplified by the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater.
MXene‐Layered Double Hydroxide Reinforced Epoxy Nanocomposite with Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption, Thermal Conductivity, and Flame Retardancy in Electronic Packaging
Authors: Wang Luyao , Li Xin , Qian Yongxin , Li Wang , Xiong Tianshun , Tao Yang , Li You , Li Junwei , Luo Yubo , Jiang Qinghui , Yang Junyou 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDue to the increased integration and miniaturization of electronic devices, traditional electronic packaging materials, such as epoxy resin (EP), cannot solve electromagnetic interference (EMI) in electronic devices. Thus, the development of multifunctional electronic packaging materials with superior electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA), high heat dissipation, and flame retardancy is critical for current demand. This study employs an in‐situ growth method to load layered double hydroxides (LDH) onto transition metal carbides (MXene), synthesizing a novel composite material (MXene@LDH). MXene@LDH possesses a sandwich structure and exhibits excellent EMA performance, thermal conductivity, and flame retardancy. By adjusting the load of LDH, under the synergistic effect of multiple factors, such as dielectric and polarization losses, this work achieves an EMA material with a remarkable minimum reflection loss (RL) of −52.064 dB and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.5 GHz. Furthermore, MXene@LDH emerges a bridging effect in EP, namely MXene@LDH/EP, leading to a 118.75% increase in thermal conductivity compared to EP. Simultaneously, MXene@LDH/EP contributes to the enhanced flame retardancy compared to EP, resulting in a 46.5% reduction in the total heat release (THR). In summary, this work provides a promising candidate advanced electronic packaging material for high‐power density electronic packaging.
Designing a collaborative faculty‐student mentoring model in a large, complex science curriculum development team project
Authors: Lukes Laura A. , Mazabel Silvia , Sherman Sarah Bean , Gilley Brett , Pete Shandin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractScientific research endeavors are increasingly collaborative in nature. As researchers work together in groups of increasing size to develop project goals and implement plans, traditional 1‐1 single faculty‐student mentor models are less relevant as students need input and guidance from the multiple faculty members contributing to the collaborative project. Instead, faculty‐student mentorship models would benefit from being re‐envisioned to facilitate faculty mentors advising multiple student team members and students seeking feedback from multiple faculty team members, while also facilitating complimentary student peer mentorship opportunities. In this article, we present a case study of how student mentorship support was initially designed and managed in a large, complex, and multidisciplinary collaborative science curriculum development effort: the Earth Science Experiential and Indigenous Learning (EaSEIL) project.
Introduction: Umami as a Taste Percept
Authors: Beauchamp Gary 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis introductory chapter first provides a brief overview of the human sense of taste and its historic division into four basic or primary qualities, sweet, sour, salty, and bitter, each with a different nutritional function. It then describes the identification of a potential fifth basic taste, umami, typically elicited by the sodium salt of glutamic acid (MSG). Umami taste has been posited as a way to identify and motivate consumption of amino acids and protein in a manner analogous to how sweet taste is thought to identify and motivate consumption of energy-rich foods. It then briefly discusses some special perceptual characteristics of human umami taste relative to the other four basic taste qualities. These include its more subtle nature, its strong apparent tactile component, its specificity to the single amino acid glutamate, and its high concentration in human milk. It concludes that although we have recently learned much about the mechanisms and functions of umami, more remains to be discovered.
Eine wissenssoziologische Diskursanalyse von New Public Management in der deutschen Hochschullandschaft
Authors: Lenk Alexander 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIm ersten Schritt der Diskursanalyse wird die Oberflächenstruktur des Managementdiskurses inhaltsanalytisch erschlossen. Mit dieser Vorgehensweise werden diskursive Ergebnisse entlang der Mikro-, Meso- und Makroebene analysiert, um Machtverhältnisse zwischen verschiedenen Akteur*innengruppen und Anrufungen von akademischen Subjekten zu rekonstruieren. Im zweiten Schritt werden mithilfe von Hypothesen zum diskursspezifischen Interpretationsrepertoire, die während des historischen Abrisses generiert worden sind, die Tiefenstruktur und die Subjektivierungsformen des Managementdiskurses in der deutschen Hochschullandschaft erschlossen.
Post‐Cancer Treatment Reflections by Patients Concerning the Provisions and Support Required for a Prehabilitation Programme
Authors: Jandu Amrita Kaur , Nitayamekin Arpanun , Stevenson Josh , Beed Martin , Vohra Ravinder S. , Wilson Vincent G. , Lobo Dileep N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvidence suggests that physical fitness interventions, mental health support and nutritional advice before surgery (prehabilitation) could reduce hospital stay and improve quality of life of patients with cancer. In this study we captured the opinions of a group of patients with cancer undergoing these interventions after treatment to discover what a prehabilitation programme should encompass.MethodsPatients from the Cancer and Rehabilitation Exercise (CARE) programme based in Nottingham took part in a 26‐point online questionnaire about the design of prehabilitation programmes.ResultsThe questionnaire was completed over a 2‐week period in December 2021 by 54 patients from the CARE programme. Their responses were as follows: 44 (81.5%) participants would have participated in prehabilitation had it been available to them and 28 (51.9%) ranked physical exercise as the most important component. Forty (74.1%) participants believed the counselling aspect of prehabilitation would have contributed to a successful outcome and 35 (64.8%) thought dietary advice would have benefitted them before surgery. Thirty‐one (57.4%) participants preferred the programme to take place in a fitness centre, rather than at home or hospital and 43 (79.6%) would have liked to have known about prehabilitation from their doctor at the time of diagnosis.ConclusionsPatients are interested in prehabilitation to become more physically fit and mentally prepared for surgery. They expressed the need for a focus on physical exercise, counselling to improve mental health and personalised nutritional advice. Tailoring a prehabilitation programme, with input from patients, could contribute to improving patient outcomes following cancer treatments.
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation improves survival outcomes in peripheral T-cell lymphomas: a multicenter retrospective real-world study
Authors: Wu Meng , Wang Fengrong , Zhao Shihua , Li Yajun , Huang Wenrong , Nie Bo , Liu Haisheng , Liu Xiaoqian , Li Wei , Yu Haifeng , Yi Kun , Dong Fei , Dong Yujun , Yuan Chenglu , Ran Xuehong , Xiao Xiubin , Liu Weiping , Zhu Jun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the survival benefit of consolidative autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL). In this retrospective study, the ASCT group underwent consolidative ASCT after first-line therapy at 14 transplantation centers in China between January 2001 and December 2019. Data were collected over the same time frame for the non-ASCT group from the database of lymphoma patient records at Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute. A total of 120 and 317 patients were enrolled in the ASCT and non-ASCT groups, respectively, and their median ages were 43 years and 51 years, respectively. In the ASCT group, 101 patients had achieved complete remission (CR) and 19 patients had achieved partial remission at the time of ASCT. The median follow-up time was 40.2 months and 68 months, and the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was 80.6% and 48.9% (p < 0.001) for the ASCT and non-ASCT groups, respectively. The beneficial effect of ASCT for OS remained even after propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis (81.6% vs 68.3%, p = 0.001). Among the 203 patients who were aged ≤ 65 years and achieved CR, ASCT conferred a significant survival benefit (3-year progression-free survival [PFS]: 67.4% vs 47.0%, p = 0.004; 3-year OS: 84.0% vs 74.1%, p = 0.010), and this was also maintained after PSM analysis (3-year PFS: 66.6% vs 48.4%, p = 0.042; 3-year OS: 84.8% vs 70.5%, p = 0.011). Consolidative ASCT improved the survival outcome of PTCL patients, even those who achieved CR after first-line therapy.
MRI abnormalities in Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and other rapidly progressive dementia
Authors: Manara Renzo , Fragiacomo Federica , Ladogana Anna , Vaianella Luana , Camporese Giulia , Zorzi Giovanni , Vicinanza Sabrina , Zanusso Gianluigi , Pocchiari Maurizio , Cagnin Annachiara 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate brain MRI abnormalities in a cohort of patients with rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) with and without a diagnosis of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD).

Methods
One hundred and seven patients with diagnosis of prion disease (60 with definite sCJD, 33 with probable sCJD and 14 with genetic prion disease) and 40 non-prion related RPD patients (npRPD) underwent brain MRI including DWI and FLAIR. MRIs were evaluated with a semiquantitative rating score, which separately considered abnormal signal extent and intensity in 22 brain regions. Clinical findings at onset, disease duration, cerebrospinal-fluid 14-3-3 and t-tau protein levels, and EEG data were recorded.

Results
Among patients with definite/probable diagnosis of CJD or genetic prion disease, 2/107 had normal DWI-MRI: in one patient a 2-months follow-up DWI-MRI showed CJD-related changes while the other had autopsy-proven CJD despite no DWI abnormalities 282 days after clinical onset. CJD-related cortical changes were detected in all lobes and involvement of thalamus was common. In the npRPD groups, 6/40 patients showed DWI alterations that clustered in three different patterns: (1) minimal/doubtful signal alterations (limbic encephalitis, dementia with Lewy bodies); (2) clearly suggestive of alternative diagnoses (status epilepticus, Wernicke or metabolic encephalopathy); (3) highly suggestive of CJD (mitochondrial disease), though cortical swelling let exclude CJD.

Conclusions
In the diagnostic work-up of RPD, negative/doubtful DWI makes CJD diagnosis rather unlikely, while specific DWI patterns help differentiating CJD from alternative diagnoses. The pulvinar sign is not exclusive of the variant form.
Multicenter phase II trial of transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: preliminary results
Authors: Sylla Patricia , Sands Dana , Ricardo Alison , Bonaccorso Antoinette , Polydorides Alexandros , Berho Mariana , Marks John , Maykel Justin , Alavi Karim , Zaghiyan Karen , Whiteford Mark , Mclemore Elisabeth , Chadi Sami , Shawki Sherief F. , Steele Scott , Pigazzi Alessio , Albert Matthew , DeBeche-Adams Teresa , Moshier Erin , Wexner Steven D. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Transanal TME (taTME) combines abdominal and transanal dissection to facilitate sphincter preservation in patients with low rectal tumors. Few phase II/III trials report long-term oncologic and functional results. We report early results from a North American prospective multicenter phase II trial of taTME (NCT03144765).

Methods
100 patients with stage I–III rectal adenocarcinoma located ≤ 10 cm from the anal verge (AV) were enrolled across 11 centers. Primary and secondary endpoints were TME quality, pathologic outcomes, 30-day and 90-day outcomes, and stoma closure rate. Univariable regression analysis was performed to assess risk factors for incomplete TME and anastomotic complications.

Results
Between September 2017 and April 2022, 70 males and 30 females with median age of 58 (IQR 49–62) years and BMI 27.8 (IQR 23.9–31.8) kg/m2 underwent 2-team taTME for tumors located a median 5.8 (IQR 4.5–7.0) cm from the AV. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy was completed in 69%. Intersphincteric resection was performed in 36% and all patients were diverted. Intraoperative complications occurred in 8% including 3 organ injuries, 2 abdominal and 1 transanal conversion. The 30-day and 90-day morbidity rates were 49% (Clavien–Dindo (CD) ≥ 3 in 28.6%) and 56% (CD ≥ 3 in 30.4% including 1 mortality), respectively. Anastomotic complications were reported in 18% including 10% diagnosed within 30 days. Higher anastomotic risk was noted among males (p = 0.05). At a median follow-up of 5 (IQR 3.1–7.4) months, 98% of stomas were closed. TME grade was complete or near complete in 90%, with positive margins in 2 cases (3%). Risk factors for incomplete TME were ASA ≥ 3 (p = 0.01), increased time between NRT and surgery (p = 0.03), and higher operative blood loss (p = 0.003).

Conclusion
When performed at expert centers, 2-team taTME in patients with low rectal tumors is safe with low conversion rates and high stoma closure rate. Mid-term results will further evaluate oncologic and functional outcomes.

Graphical abstract
Shared decision making, prospektive Lebensqualität und das beste Interesse des Kindes: ethische Herausforderungen im Kontext von Behandlungsentscheidungen bei Frühgeborenen an der Grenze der Lebensfähigkeit
Authors: Carvalho Diana , Primc Nadia 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungBehandlungsentscheidungen bei Frühgeburten an der Grenze der Lebensfähigkeit stellen eine große Herausforderung dar. In der Neonatologie hat sich das Konzept einer prognostischen Grauzone etabliert, die als ein Grenzbereich verstanden wird, in dem sich aus medizinischer Sicht die Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung aufgrund der unsicheren Prognose sehr schwierig gestaltet und sich aus ethischer Sicht sowohl eine kurative als auch eine palliative Versorgung prinzipiell rechtfertigen lassen. Innerhalb der Grauzone wird zumeist eine gemeinsame Entscheidungsfindung mit den Eltern in Form eines „shared-decision making“ (SDM) favorisiert, die sich an dem besten Interesse des Neugeborenen orientieren soll. Allerdings findet sich kein Konsens dazu, wie diese Anforderungen umzusetzen sind. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden unter Einbeziehung der empirischen Studienlage ethische Anforderungen an die Umsetzung des SDM formuliert. Es wird gezeigt, dass Eltern bzw. Schwangere unterschiedliche Präferenzen hinsichtlich der Art ihrer Einbindung haben. Hieraus ergibt sich aus ethischer Sicht die Anforderung, im Rahmen des SDM gemeinsam herauszuarbeiten, welche Rolle sie bei der Entscheidungsfindung einnehmen wollen und welche Präferenzen und Werte für sie bei der Therapieentscheidung von Relevanz sind. Zudem wird in unserer Untersuchung auf die Frage eingegangen, inwiefern die zu erwartende Lebensqualität der Kinder in die Bestimmung des besten Interesses der Neugeborenen einbezogen werden kann. Es wird gezeigt, dass in der prognostischen Grauzone neben den Präferenzen der Eltern bzw. Schwangeren gegenwärtig kaum Kriterien zur inhaltlichen Bestimmung des besten Interesses des Neugeborenen zur Verfügung stehen – ein wesentlicher Grund, der aus ethischer Sicht für die Implementierung des skizzierten Modells des SDM spricht.
Turbulence and Interface Waves in Stratified Oil–Water Channel Flow at Large Viscosity Ratio
Authors: Giamagas Georgios , Zonta Francesco , Roccon Alessio , Soldati Alfredo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe investigate the dynamics of turbulence and interfacial waves in an oil–water channel flow. We consider a stratified configuration, in which a thin layer of oil flows on top of a thick layer of water. The oil–water interface that separates the two layers mutually interacts with the surrounding flow field, and is characterized by the formation and propagation of interfacial waves. We perform direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations coupled with a phase field method to describe the interface dynamics. For a given shear Reynolds number, $$Re_\tau =300$$

R

e
τ

=
300

, and Weber number, $$We=0.5$$

W
e
=
0.5

, we consider three different types of oils, characterized by different viscosities, and thus different oil-to-water viscosity ratios $$\mu _r=\mu _o/\mu _w$$

μ
r

=

μ
o

/

μ
w

(being $$\mu _o$$

μ
o

and $$\mu _w$$

μ
w

oil and water viscosities). Starting from a matched viscosity case, $$\mu _r=1$$

μ
r

=
1

, we increase the oil-to-water viscosity ratio up to $$\mu _r=100$$

μ
r

=
100

. By increasing $$\mu _r$$

μ
r

, we observe significant changes both in turbulence and in the dynamics of the oil–water interface. In particular, the large viscosity of oil controls the flow regime in the thin oil layer, as well as the turbulence activity in the thick water layer, with direct consequences on the overall channel flow rate, which decreases when the oil viscosity is increased. Correspondingly, we observe remarkable changes in the dynamics of waves that propagate at the oil–water interface. In particular, increasing the viscosity ratio from $$\mu _r=1$$

μ
r

=
1

to $$\mu _r=100$$

μ
r

=
100

, waves change from a two-dimensional, nearly-isotropic pattern, to an almost monochromatic one.
Consolidating the theoretical foundations of digital human resource management acceptance and use research: a meta-analytic validation of UTAUT
Authors: Theres Christian , Strohmeier Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith rapid technological progress, the adoption of digital technology in human resource management (HRM) has become a crucial step towards the vision of digital organizations. Over the last four decades, a substantial body of empirical research has been dedicated towards explaining the phenomenon of digital HRM. Moreover, research has applied a wide array of theories, constructs, and measures to explain the adoption of digital HRM in organizations. The results are fragmented theoretical foundations and inconsistent empirical evaluations. We provide a comprehensive overview of theories applied in digital HRM adoption research and propose an adjusted version of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology as a consolidating theory to explain adoption across settings. We empirically validate this theory by combining evidence from 134 primary studies yielding 768 effect sizes via meta-analytic structural equation modelling. Moderator analyses assessing the influence of research setting and sample on effects show significant differences between private and public sector. Findings highlight research opportunities for future studies and implications for practitioners.
Bedingungen für Ältere in der Sicherungsverwahrung
Authors: Leuschner Fredericke , Rausch Elena 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungLebensältere Personen stellen einen beachtlichen Anteil der in Sicherungsverwahrung Untergebrachten. Zudem blicken Untergebrachte häufig auf Lebensläufe, die altersbedingte Einschränkungen begünstigen, zurück. Da Vollzugsgesetze keine besonderen Vorgaben für den Umgang mit älteren Untergebrachten vorsehen, obliegt es den einzelnen Einrichtungen, entsprechende Angebote zu schaffen. In vorliegendem Artikel wird die Alterszusammensetzung von Sicherungsverwahrten dargestellt und ein Überblick über die in den Einrichtungen bestehenden Maßnahmen und Angebote für ältere Untergebrachte gegeben. Die Daten stammen aus einer jährlichen Stichtagserhebung durch die Kriminologische Zentralstelle (KrimZ) und einer in diesem Rahmen durchgeführten Abfrage bei den Einrichtungen der Sicherungsverwahrung. Das Durchschnittsalter bei Antritt der Sicherungsverwahrung ist über 47 Jahre. Im Jahr 2022 waren die Untergebrachten im Durchschnitt etwa 55 Jahre; mehr als ein Viertel waren über 60 Jahre alt. Elf Einrichtungen haben Angaben gemacht. Es ist festzustellen, dass bisher kein einheitlicher Stand beim Umgang mit den besonderen Bedarfen von älteren Untergebrachten existiert. Mögliche Reaktionen auf die Bedürfnisse Älterer sind bestimmte bauliche Maßnahmen (n = 10) und Anpassungen in der Ausstattung (n = 10) sowie das Zurückgreifen auf spezielles Personal (n = 4) oder Schulungen für Mitarbeitende (n = 1). Außerdem können Maßnahmen der Gesundheitsversorgung (n = 8) und spezifische Behandlungsangebote für körperliche (n = 5) und geistige Fitness (n = 7) die Situation älterer Untergebrachter verbessern. Eine Schaffung systematischer Strukturen zum Umgang mit älteren Personen in Sicherungsverwahrung würde die Einrichtungen mit dieser Aufgabe nicht allein lassen und gleichzeitig eine menschenwürdige Unterbringung der Sicherungsverwahrten garantieren.
Complete moment convergence for ND random variables under the sub-linear expectations
Authors: Feng Feng-xiang , Wang Ding-cheng , Wu Qun-ying 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this article, we establish a general result on complete moment convergence for arrays of rowwise negatively dependent(ND) random variables under the sub-linear expectations. As applications, we can obtain a series of results on complete moment convergence for ND random variables under the sub-linear expectations.