bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modification of microstructure and selected physicochemical properties of bacterial cellulose produced by bacterial isolate using hydrocolloid‐fortified Hestrin–Schramm medium
Authors: Nguyen Nhu‐Ngoc , Tran Thi Tuong Vi , Nguyen Quoc‐Duy , Nguyen Tran‐Phong , Lien Tuyet‐Ngan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBacterial cellulose (BC) is a biopolymer with applications in numerous industries such as food and pharmaceutical sectors. In this study, various hydrocolloids including modified starches (oxidized starch—1404 and hydroxypropyl starch—1440), locust bean gum, xanthan gum (XG), guar gum, and carboxymethyl cellulose were added to the Hestrin‐Schramm medium to improve the production performance and microstructure of BC by Gluconacetobacter entanii isolated from coconut water. After 14‐day fermentation, medium supplemented with 0.1% carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.1% XG resulted in the highest BC yield with dry BC content of 9.82 and 6.06 g/L, respectively. In addition, scanning electron microscopy showed that all modified films have the characteristic three‐dimensional network of cellulose nanofibers with dense structure and low porosity as well as larger fiber size compared to control. X‐ray diffraction indicated that BC fortified with carboxymethyl cellulose exhibited lower crystallinity while Fourier infrared spectroscopy showed characteristic peaks of both control and modified BC films.
Preparation of Artemisia Turcomanic Encapsulated Niosomal Nanocarriers and Evaluation of Anticancer Activities and Apoptosis Gene Expression Analysis in HeLa Cells
Authors: Eslamian Farnaz , Keshtmand Zahra , Hesampour Ardeshir 
Published: April 2023

AbstractArtemisia turcomanic as a natural antibacterial agent, exhibited significant antibacterial effect in the treatment against cancer. This study is the first to investigate size, encapsulation efficiencies, release behavior of Artemisia turcomanic loaded niosomal nanocarriers, and the anticancer effect of niosomal nanocarriers by MTT assay, flow cytometry, and real time (on HeLa cell lines). When the molar ratio of cholesterol: surfactant was 1 : 2 and the liquid content was 300 μmol, the highest percentage of entrapment efficiency was 83.25 %. Moreover, niosomal formulation showed a pH‐dependent release; a slow‐release profile in physiological pH (7.4), and a more significant release rate at acidic conditions (pH=5.4). In addition, The apoptotic rate of Artemisia loaded niosomes on HeLa cell lines was higher than free extract and pristine niosome. Also, reduction in the expression levels of Bcl2, caspase‐3, and p53 genes and increase in the expression level of BAX after treatment with Artemisia turcomanic‐loaded niosomes were more significant than those after treatment with free Artemisia turcomanic and blank niosome. The cytotoxicity results of samples presented that Artemisia turcomanic loaded niosomes are more beneficial in the death of HeLa cell lines.
Non‐Symmetrical Tetrafluoroalkadienes Synthesized by ROCM of 3,3,4,4‐Tetrafluorocyclobutene
Authors: Kučnirová Kateřina , Kvíčala Jaroslav , Svoboda Martin , Cvačka Josef , Čejka Jan , Rybáčková Markéta 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs the first known example of ring‐opening cross metathesis (ROCM) of polyfluorinated strained cyclobutenes, ROCM of 3,3,4,4‐tetrafluorocyclobutene with electronically rich alkenes, catalyzed by Grubbs or Hoveyda‐Grubbs 2nd generation precatalysts, gave a small library of non‐symmetrical isolated dienes bearing a tetrafluoroethylene spacer between the double bonds. 1‐Butoxy‐3,3,4,4‐tetrafluorohexa‐1,5‐diene thus formed underwent subsequent regioselective cross metathesis (CM) with a series of styrenes, catalyzed by Hoveyda‐Grubbs 2nd generation precatalyst, leading to non‐symmetrically substituted dienes. 6,6‐Dibutoxy‐3,3,4,4‐tetrafluorohex‐1‐ene, formed by regioselective butoxylation of 1‐butoxy‐3,3,4,4‐tetrafluorohexa‐1,5‐diene, was dihydroxylated and cyclized to the corresponding 3,3,4,4‐tetrafluorohexopyranose.
Optimization and Automation of Helical Aromatic Oligoamide Foldamer Solid‐Phase Synthesis
Authors: Corvaglia Valentina , Sanchez Florian , Menke Friedericke S. , Douat Céline , Huc Ivan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHelically folded oligoamides of 8‐amino‐2‐quinolinecarboxylic acid composed of up to 41 units were prepared using optimized manual solid‐phase synthesis (SPS). The high yield and purity of the final products places these SPS protocols among the most efficient known to date. Furthermore, analytical methods allowing for the clear identification and purity assessment of the products were validated, including 1H NMR, a seldom used method for such large molecules. Adaption of the SPS protocols, in particular using in situ acid chloride activation under Appel's conditions, made it possible to efficiently implement SPS on a commercial peptide synthesizer, leading to a dramatic reduction of the laboratory work required to produce long sequences. Automation constitutes a breakthrough for the development of helical aromatic oligoamide foldamers.
Light and colour – a must for chemistry education
Authors: Tausch Michael W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLicht und Farbe sind ein untrennbares Paar, das gleichermaßen zu unseren Alltagserfahrungen und zu den umstrittensten Begriffen naturphilosophischer Betrachtungen gehört. Im Chemieunterricht ist eine experimentbasierte Herangehensweise und eine pragmatische Deutung dieser Begriffe notwendig, die mit den „big five“ Basiskonzepten des Chemieunterrichts kompatibel ist. In diesem Sinnen präsentiert der Beitrag ein Panorama von Experimenten, didaktisch reduzierten Konzepten und Lehr‐/Lernmaterialien für den Chemieunterricht in den Sekundarstufe I und II.
Three‐dimensional lab‐on‐a‐foil device for dielectrophoretic separation of cancer cells
Authors: Wu Mengren , Gao Yuan , Luan Qiyue , Papautsky Ian , Chen Xiaolin , Xu Jie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA simple, low‐cost, three‐dimensional (3D) lab‐on‐a‐foil microfluidic device for dielectrophoretic separation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is designed and constructed. Disposable thin films are cut by xurography and microelectrode array are made with rapid inkjet printing. The multilayer device design allows the studying of spatial movements of CTCs and red blood cells (RBCs) under dielectrophoresis (DEP). A numerical simulation was performed to find the optimum driving frequency of RBCs and the crossover frequency for CTCs. At the optimum frequency, RBCs were lifted 120 µm in z‐axis direction by DEP force, and CTCs were not affected due to negligible DEP force. By utilizing the displacement difference, the separation of CTCs (modeled with A549 lung carcinoma cells) from RBCs in z‐axis direction was achieved. With the nonuniform electric field at optimized driving frequency, the RBCs were trapped in the cavities above the microchannel, whereas the A549 cells were separated with a high capture rate of 86.3% ± 0.2%. The device opens not only the possibility for 3D high‐throughput cell separation but also for future developments in 3D cell manipulation through rapid and low‐cost fabrication.
Edible film based on corn zein containing dill extract and essential oil/β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complex: Shelf life enhancement of common carp fillet
Authors: Zolfaghari Ali , Bazargani‐Gilani Behnaz , Aghajani Narjes 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the impacts of corn zein edible film (Z) fortified with dill leaves extract (DE) and encapsulated dill essential oil with β‐cyclodextrin (nDEO) on the quality of refrigerated common carp fillet. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis showed that the most frequent substances of DEO were apiol (35.1%) and carvone (31.4%), respectively. Designated treatments were as follows: (1) Control (C), (2) Z, (3) Z‐DE, (4) Z‐DEO, (5) Z‐nDEO, (6) Z‐DE‐DEO, and (7) Z‐DE‐nDEO. The physicochemical properties (thickness, moisture percent, tensile strength, elongation at break, Young's modulus, color, morphology, functional groups, and thermal resistance) of the activated films significantly improved (p ≤ .05). The total viable counts, lactic acid bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and psychrotrophic bacteria significantly decreased in all wrapped fillets compared to the unwrapped ones (p ≤ .05). Throughout storage period, the wrapped fillets exhibited lower changes in pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and total volatile‐based nitrogen values than the unwrapped fillets. According to the sensory findings, incorporating DE and nDEO in the zein films created significantly desirable aroma and flavor in the wrapped samples during storage time (p ≤ .05). Encapsulation of DEO with β‐cyclodextrin significantly fortified preservative effects of the films in fish fillets during storage period (p ≤ .05). In conclusion, the designated composite zein edible film containing DE and nDEO can be introduced as an active edible packaging in the shelf life improvement of common carp fillets during cold storage.
Planning and financing of RMNCH+A under National Health Mission: A case study of the Gurugram District of Haryana State
Authors: Gaylong Ruchi , Tiwari Vijay Kumar , Sherin Raj T. P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Health Planning Process under National Health Mission (NHM) is participatory in nature and the State Programme Implementation Plan (PIP) is an aggregation of District PIPs which is examined and approved by the National Programme Coordination Committee (NPCC), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. Many times there are delays in releasing of Record of Proceedings (ROPs)/approvals. This affects utilisation of NHM funds at district level and below and desired outcomes are not achieved. The present study aims to analyse the process of fund flow, disbursement and utilisation of funds on various components under Reproductive Maternal New born Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCH+A) in the district Gurugram.MethodologyThe study was conducted in the District Gurugram of Haryana State, India. One Community Health Centres (CHCs), two Primary Health Centres (PHCs) and four Sub Health Centres were randomly selected. Primary and secondary data were collected in the study. Medical Officer (I/C), Accounts Staff and Health Workers were interviewed using separate schedules regarding process of disbursement, delays in release and utilisation of funds. Separate checklists were prepared to collect data on availability and utilisation of funds at District, CHC and PHC levels under different components of programme.FindingsStudy found that PIP is prepared with inputs from Block level but community participation at (PHC) and below was not present. There was a delay in reaching funds to district due to delayed release of ROPs. Almost 30%–40% of the budget could not be utilised due to delay in receiving of budget. Utilisation of funds was less in some programme activities due to vacant positions project staff. Only 38% and 31% of the funds were utilised under the child health and family planning budget head for the district of Gurugram in the year 2016–17. Accounts staffs were overburdened which affected monitoring of funds utilisation. Budget release from State to District and below was through e‐Banking. Auxiliary Nurse Midwives (ANMs) at Sub centre used to get Untied Funds at the end of third quarter. The Government introduced new 18 broad budget heads in NHM Budget for improving utilisation of budget.ConclusionDelayed release of ROPs and erroneous estimation of budget under the programme, very rigid and large number of budget heads poses challenges of understanding and analysing expenditure and affects utilisation of funds under the NHM. Moreover, vacant positions in the programme, unrealistic planning, weak community participation in planning of expenditure and unexplained budget cut in ROPs were main challenges faced by the District.
Studying the effect of the force convection boundary condition and radius magnetic field on fluid flow and heat transfer between coaxial pipes
Authors: Mohammadi Javad , Javanmard Mohsen , Esfandooni Reza Najafi , Askari Nematollah , Ghamati Mehdi , Taheri Mohammad Hasan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn investigation of the heat transfer of Newtonian fluid flow through coaxial two pipes with variable radius ratio has been conducted with the boundary conditions of forced convection on the inner pipe walls and a radius magnetic field. This paper presents an exact analytical solution to the momentum equation and a novel semi‐analytic collocation method for solving the full‐term energy equation that takes Joule heating into account as well as viscous dissipation. Based on the results of the numerical fourth‐order Runge–Kutta method, it was found that increasing the magnetic parameter decreased the amount of friction on the surface of the pipe walls and the rate of heat transfer. As the radius ratio of the two pipes increases, so does the skin friction and heat transfer rate on the internal pipe walls. As Eckert (Ec) and Prandtl (Pr) numbers increase, the mean temperature as well as the dimensionless temperature between the two pipes increases. The increase in Biot number (Bi) has the opposite impact on the mean temperature. As Ec, Pr, and Bi increase, so does the rate of heat transfer on the inner wall of the pipe.
Bacterial biosynthesis of flavonoids: Overview, current biotechnology applications, challenges, and prospects
Authors: Okoye Charles O. , Jiang Huifang , Wu Yanfang , Li Xia , Gao Lu , Wang Yongli , Jiang Jianxiong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFlavonoids are secondary metabolites present in plant organs and tissues. These natural metabolites are the most prevalent and display a wide range of beneficial physiological effects, making them usually intriguing in several scientific fields. Due to their safety for use and protective attributes, including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial functions, flavonoids are broadly utilized in foods, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals. However, conventional methods for producing flavonoids, such as plant extraction and chemical synthesis, entailed dangerous substances, and laborious procedures, with low product yield. Recent studies have documented the ability of microorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria, to synthesize adequate amounts of flavonoids. Bacterial biosynthesis of flavonoids from plant biomass is a viable and environmentally friendly technique for producing flavonoids on a larger scale and has recently received much attention. Still, only a few bacteria species, particularly Escherichia coli, have been extensively studied. The most recent developments in bacterial biosynthesis of flavonoids are reviewed and discussed in this article, including their various applications as natural food biocontrol agents. In addition, the challenges currently faced in bacterial flavonoid biosynthesis and possible solutions, including the application of modern biotechnology approaches for developing bacterial strains that could successfully produce flavonoids on an industrial scale, were elucidated.
Gene therapy for urea cycle defects: An update from historical perspectives to future prospects
Authors: Duff Claire , Alexander Ian E. , Baruteau Julien 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUrea cycle defects (UCDs) are severe inherited metabolic diseases with high unmet needs which present a permanent risk of hyperammonaemic decompensation and subsequent acute death or neurological sequelae, when treated with conventional dietetic and medical therapies. Liver transplantation is currently the only curative option, but has the potential to be supplanted by highly effective gene therapy interventions without the attendant need for life‐long immunosuppression or limitations imposed by donor liver supply. Over the last three decades, pioneering genetic technologies have been explored to circumvent the consequences of UCDs, improve quality of life and long‐term outcomes: adenoviral vectors, adeno‐associated viral vectors, gene editing, genome integration and non‐viral technology with messenger RNA. In this review, we present a summarised view of this historical path, which includes some seminal milestones of the gene therapy's epic. We provide an update about the state of the art of gene therapy technologies for UCDs and the current advantages and pitfalls driving future directions for research and development.
Purified cellulase‐mediated simultaneous sugar utilization by Bacillus albus isolated from Similipal, Odisha, India
Authors: Paul Manish , Das Mohapatra Pradeep K. , Thatoi Hrudayanath 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAmong 24 isolated cellulolytic bacteria from Similipal Biosphere Reserve, the most efficient isolate was recognized as a strain of Bacillus albus. This strain of B. albus was evaluated for cellulase production and the cellulase activity was measured in submerged fermentation using substrate carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Different nutritional (carbon, nitrogen, and metal‐ion sources) and physical variables (pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and incubation time) during the growth of B. albus were optimized to obtain maximum cellulase activity. The highest cellulase activity of 5.79 U/mL for B. albus was observed at pH 6.75, temperature 37.5°C, CMC concentration 8.5 g/L, and 42 h incubation time. Further, supplementation of glucose as a subsidiary carbon source, yeast extract, peptone as nitrogen sources, and MgSO4 and MnSO4 as metal‐ion sources enhance the cellulase activity of B. albus. The purified enzyme was reported to have a molecular weight of ∼54 kDa as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A zymogram analysis evidenced the cellulase activity of the purified enzyme fractions obtained from diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatography. The purified cellulase was reported to have an optimum pH and temperature of 7.0°C and 50°C, respectively with a capacity of retaining its 60% residual activity within pH 6.0–8.0 and temperature 30–40°C, respectively. The metal ions, K+ and Na+ were the activators, while Pb2+ and Hg2+ were the inhibitors for the purified cellulase. The purified cellulase showed Km and Vmax values of 0.38 M and 8.19 U/mL, respectively, in presence of the substrate CMC and also simultaneous consumption of both hexose and pentose sugars.
Creativity and Flow: Not a Simple Relationship
Authors: Thomson Paula , Jaque S. Victoria 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTIn this study, flow, both dispositional and state, and movement‐based creative processing were investigated in a group of pre‐professional and professional dancers (N = 288) who were involved in the creation, rehearsal, and performance of a new dance work(s). Dance is both movement‐based and group‐based. The Experience of Creativity Questionnaire and Dispositional Flow Scale were administered 2 weeks prior to the performance of the new choreography. The state flow data were collected immediately after the completion of the final dress rehearsal and immediately following the opening night performance. The results of this quasi‐experimental study demonstrated that the association with creative processes and dispositional flow dimensions yielded weak significance. Many creative processing dimensions predicted state dress and performance flow conditions, although the predominant predictors were Clarity and Preparation, Creative Anxiety (negative predictor), and Beyond the Personal. The uniqueness of this study was that it focused on movement‐based creative processing and its relation with dispositional and state flow.
Dilute‐and‐shoot approach for determination of several biomarkers and pharmaceuticals in wastewater using nanoflow liquid chromatography – Orbitrap mass spectrometry
Authors: Fedorenko Deniss , Podjava Antons , Prikulis Arvis , Bartkevics Vadims 
Published: April 2023

A new method for quantitative analysis of several biomarkers and pharmaceutical compounds in wastewater has been developed employing nanoflow liquid chromatography with Orbitrap mass spectrometry. An easy dilute‐and‐shoot approach has been used for sample preparation with a dilution factor of 5. Improved retention of ionic and highly polar compounds has been achieved by the addition of tetrabutylammonium bromide as an ion pair reagent into the final diluted sample. The new nanoflow liquid chromatography method has demonstrated low matrix effects (70%–111%), high sensitivity in terms of limits of quantification (0.005 to 0.3 μg/L), low injection volume (70 nl) and solvent consumption, and the ability to analyze diverse polar and ionic analytes within one run using a single reversed‐phase nanoflow liquid chromatography column. Wastewater samples (n = 116) from the wastewater treatment plants of different cities in Latvia were analyzed using the developed method. The observed concentrations of biomarkers were in line with the literature data.
Size fractionated biogeochemical constituents across adjacent coastal systems informs approaches for integrating small catchment studies into regional models
Authors: Khoo Celyn L.L. , Sipler Rachel E. , Faulkner Sally J.M. , Boyd Sean G. , Foroutani Maryam Beheshti , McBride Colleen E. , Ziegler Susan E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObserved and predicted hydrological changes in C‐rich boreal ecosystems have the ability to change the transport trajectory of biogeochemical constituents from the land to ecologically, economically, and culturally important coastal systems. Yet, most of our current understanding of biogeochemical fluxes and cycling across salinity gradients stem from observations of large and urbanized riverine systems, which overlooks the numerically abundant smaller systems. In this study, we conducted a baseline assessment of the biogeochemical constituents across salinity gradients among two adjacent small systems in the boreal zone. Dissolved iron (DFe) and its ratio with dissolved organic carbon (DFe : DOC) were the most sensitive indicators for small catchment heterogeneity. These parameters were the best indicators of change among coastal systems across regional and seasonal scales. Our results also confirm consistencies in common optical measures (SUVA254 and S[275–295/350–400]) and DOC to nitrogen ratios that may adequately provide representation of biogeochemical composition on a regional scale. Simultaneous variation in biogeochemical parameters across particulate and dissolved pools during the summer‐to‐fall transition period indicate this as an important timeframe for targeted investigation of the linkages between biogeochemical parameters and coastal ecosystem functioning. By providing some key spatial and temporal constraints on biogeochemical fluxes among boreal river‐estuaries, our findings indicate that DFe and DFe : DOC ratios should be used to design research aimed at capturing regional and coastal ecosystem scale biogeochemical fluxes to inform Earth System Models.