bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whistler Wave Observations by Parker Solar Probe During Encounter 1: Counter-propagating Whistlers Collocated with Magnetic Field Inhomogeneities and their Application to Electric Field Measurement Calibration
Authors: Karbashewski S. , Agapitov O. V. , Kim H. Y. , Mozer F. S. , Bonnell J. W. , Froment C. , de Wit T. Dudok , Bale Stuart D. , Malaspina D. , Raouafi N. E. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Observations of the young solar wind by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission reveal the existence of intense plasma wave bursts with frequencies between 0.05 and 0.20f
ce (tens of hertz up to ∼300 Hz) in the spacecraft frame. The wave bursts are often collocated with inhomogeneities in the solar wind magnetic field, such as local dips in magnitude or sudden directional changes. The observed waves are identified as electromagnetic whistler waves that propagate either sunward, anti-sunward, or in counter-propagating configurations during different burst events. Being generated in the solar wind flow, the waves experience significant Doppler downshift and upshift of wave frequency in the spacecraft frame for sunward and anti-sunward waves, respectively. Their peak amplitudes can be larger than 2 nT, where such values represent up to 10% of the background magnetic field during the interval of study. The amplitude is maximum for propagation parallel to the background magnetic field. We (i) evaluate the properties of these waves by reconstructing their parameters in the plasma frame, (ii) estimate the effective length of the PSP electric field antennas at whistler frequencies, and (iii) discuss the generation mechanism of these waves.
Value-added Catalog of M-giant Stars in LAMOST DR9
Authors: Li 李 Jing 静 , Long 龙 Lin 琳 , Zhong 钟 Jing 靖 , Tang 唐 Lin 琳 , Zhang 章 Bo 博 , Qin 秦松 Songmei 梅 , Chen 陈易 Yirong 容 , Yan 闫正 Zhengzhou 洲 , Chen 陈 Li 力 , Xue 薛香 Xiang-Xiang 香 , Hou 侯金 Jinliang 良 , Shi 施建荣 Jian-Rong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this work, we update the catalog of M-giant stars from the low-resolution spectra of the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) Data Release 9. There are 58,076 M giants identified from the classification pipeline with seven temperature subtypes from M0 to M6. The 2471 misclassified non–M-giant stars are white dwarf binaries, early types, and M dwarfs. And the contamination rate is 4.2% in the M-giants sample. A total of 372 carbon stars were identified by CaH spectral indices, and were further confirmed by the LAMOST spectra. We update the correlation between the (W1 – W2)0 color and [M/H] from APOGEE DR17. We calculate the radial velocities of all M giants by applying cross-correlation to the spectra between 8000 and 8950 Å with synthetic spectra from ATLAS9. Taking star distances less than 4 kpc from Gaia EDR3 as the standard, we refitted the photometric distance relation of M giants. And based on our M-giant stars, we select a group of Sagittarius stream members, whose sky and 3D velocity distributions are well consistent with K-giant Saggitarius stream members found in Yang et al. With our M giants, we find that the disk is asymmetric out to R = 25 kpc, which is 5 kpc further out than detected using K giants.
Correlation between immune system activity and the susceptibility to Long COVID symptoms
Authors: Nguyen Dylan 
Published: April 2023

With an alarmingly high rate of Long COVID, it is essential to address the lack of understanding of the pathogenesis and susceptibility to Long COVID. This study aims to investigate how symptoms and immunological markers of Long COVID are correlated in order to develop better biomarkers and inform strategies to accurately identify patients at high risk for developing Long COVID. It has been found that underlying health conditions increase the likelihood of developing Long COVID. Additionally, certain symptoms during COVID-19 infection have been linked to Long COVID. However, the immune system activity has not been well investigated for its correlation to the susceptibility and severity of Long COVID symptoms. In our study, human subjects from the United States and United Kingdom will be followed for a year, where they will be tested weekly for the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), draw blood for immune system activity analysis, and report symptoms bidaily. Reverse-transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) will be used to detect and quantify the presence of SARS-CoV-2. Qualitative information about participants will be collected via the ZOE Health Study app to enable the collection of clinical metadata such as symptoms. This study’s unique and sizeable prospective cohort will provide critical knowledge about the susceptibility of patients to Long COVID by pre-existing symptomatology and immune markers. Moreover, we will better understand the possible mechanisms and pathogenesis of the disease.
Entre inexpérience esthétique et expérience non esthétique
Authors: Trentini Bruno 
Published: April 2023

Profitant du double sens du mot expérience, de l’ordre de l’épreuve ou de l’acquisition, ce texte est l’occasion de réfléchir à ce qui serait accumulé lors d’expériences esthétiques aussi bien qu’à ce qui favoriserait l’expérience esthétique. Il en ressort que l’expérience esthétique est toujours plus ou moins liée à une inexpérience esthétique. Il n’est en effet pas possible de pondérer les expériences esthétiques pour décider en quoi les unes seraient meilleures que les autres ; même, certaines dispositions qui auraient pu favoriser l’expérience esthétique, comme une attention accrue à son corps sentant et percevant, auraient en fait tendance à inhiber l’expérience esthétique. Sont principalement abordés l’empirisme de David Hume et le pragmatisme de John Dewey.
Occurrence of Dry Eye Disease in Patients With Concomitant Strabismus: A Preliminary Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Li Dan , Dong Nana , Lin Shibin 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
To determine the effects of strabismus on dry eye parameters.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, the preliminary assessment of ocular parameters related to dry eye disease was performed in patients with untreated concomitant strabismus. In total, 204 patients with concomitant strabismus and 125 volunteers without strabismus (4 to 30 years old, 170 male and 159 female) were enrolled. The Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire (OSDI) was administered, and ocular surface was examined using the Oculus Keratograph 5M (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) to collect data on tear film break-up time (TBUT), ocular redness index (based on bulbar conjunctival blood vessel engorgement), and meibomian gland atrophy. Subgroup analysis was performed based on strabismus type (concomitant exotropia, concomitant esotropia, and non-strabismus); age (juvenile versus adults age > 18 years); and 5- to 10-year and 10- to 20-year strabismus course, according to an age of 12 years.

Results:

Concomitant exotropia and esotropia were reported in 134 and 70 patients, respectively. A total of 125 healthy volunteers were recruited. The three groups showed significant differences in the ocular redness index (right eye:
P
= .012, left eye:
P
= .018). In contrast, other parameters were not significantly different. Similarly, no statistical differences in ocular surface indicators were observed when patients were divided by age (
P
> .05 for all) and the 5- to 10-year and 10- to 20-year strabismus course. The meibomian gland showed varying degrees of atrophy in both the strabismus and non-strabismus groups.

Conclusions:
Strabismus does not affect tear film stability with age in this cohort with constant strabismus up to 30 years, indicating that strabismus may not increase the risk of dry eye disease.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(1):30–37.]
Ophthalmic Manifestations of Heimler Syndrome in Two Siblings With
PEX1
Variants
Authors: Miranda Vítor , Cortez Liliana , Rosmaninho-Salgado Joana , Ramos Fabiana , Paiva Catarina 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
To report two new cases with confirmed diagnosis of Heimler syndrome and describe their systemic and ophthalmic phenotype and visual rehabilitation.

Methods:
Retrospective review of medical records.

Results:

Both siblings were diagnosed as having sensori-neural hearing loss and retinal dystrophy with exuberant intraretinal cystoid spaces and cone–rod dysfunction. The older sibling also had amelogenesis imperfecta and neither had nail abnormalities. Genetic analysis identified homozygosity for the pathogenic variant c.2528G>A p.(Gly843Asp) in the
PEX1
gene in both siblings. The parents were heterozygous carriers of the variant.

Conclusions:

The authors report a familial case of Heimler syndrome due to biallelic
PEX1
pathogenic variants that manifested as macular dystrophy characterized by cone–rod dysfunction and complicated by intraretinal cystoid spaces. Review of the literature shows that ocular phenotype is variable in patients with Heimler syndrome.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(1):59–66.]
Topography-Guided Photorefractive Keratectomy After Intacs Corneal Implantation for Keratoconus and Ectasia
Authors: Yu Austin S. , Hersh Peter S. , Gelles John D. , Greenstein Steven A. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate outcomes of topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy (TG-PRK) after Intacs (Addition Technology) implantation for eyes with keratoconus or ectasia.

Methods:
Three eyes of 3 patients with keratoconus or ectasia after laser in situ keratomileusis were treated with TG-PRK 6 months after simultaneous Intacs implantation and standard corneal cross-linking (CXL) was performed.

Results:
After Intacs implantation/CXL, uncorrected distance visual acuity improved four lines in 1 eye and did not change significantly in the other eyes. At 1 year of follow-up after TG-PRK, uncorrected distance visual acuity further improved more than two lines in all eyes. After Intacs implantation/CXL, corrected distance visual acuity did not change significantly in all eyes. One year after TG-PRK, corrected distance visual acuity improved more than two lines in all eyes. After both procedures, the inferior-superior value decreased and maximum keratometry flattened significantly in all eyes. The change in thinnest pachymetry was less than 32 µm.

Conclusions:
TG-PRK appears promising as a treatment modality to improve visual acuity and corneal topography in patients with keratoconus and ectasia with prior Intacs placement who may have previously required segment explantation after poor refractive outcomes.

[
Journal of Refractive Surgery Case Reports.
2023;3(2):e10–e13.]
Species composition of the parasitoid genus Eurytoma (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) varies at a local scale in Diplolepis variabilis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) galls
Authors: Earley Nathan G. , Bannerman Jordan A. , Lalonde Robert G. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We evaluated the diversity and spatiotemporal emergence patterns of parasitoid wasp species in the genus Eurytoma Illiger (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) associated with leaf galls induced by Diplolepis variabilis Bassett (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) throughout the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada. We collected D. variabilis galls throughout the region, recorded adult Eurytoma emergence times, extracted mitochondria DNA from a subset of the emergents, and used cytochrome c oxidase 1 and cytochrome b amplificons to assign sampled individuals to species. We also assayed for the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia to evaluate the incidence of thelytoky in Eurytoma. Eurytoma showed an extended emergence period and a significant right skew in male emergence. We recorded six Eurytoma species, one of which appears to be previously undescribed. The greatest diversity of Eurytoma species occurs in the north of the sampled area. Five of the six species showed Wolbachia infection in at least some individuals, and the most abundant and widespread species, Eurytoma imminuta Bugbee, showed high Wolbachia infection levels and an all-female population, which strongly indicates endosymbiont-induced thelytoky. Our results demonstrate that gall communities are locally variable, and we suggest that future studies be undertaken to quantify variation in community composition at more local scales than has been past practice.
Energy expenditure affects the larval food preference in Propylea dissecta (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Authors: Verma Lata , Mishra Geetanjali , Omkar  
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Food preferences and choices are common among animals, including insects. Studies on food preferences have been done on coccinellids using eggs and aphids as diet, but information on the food choices of the aphidophagous ladybird, Propylea dissecta (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), under laboratory conditions, is scarce. This study examined the effect of physical activity (walking) on food choice. We reared P. dissecta larvae on aphids, Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae), until the fourth-instar stage, and then allowed the fourth-instar larvae to walk on a glass rod for different time intervals to illustrate the energetic costs of foraging. After walking, larvae were provided simultaneous food choices of equidistantly placed food, i.e., A. craccivora, conspecific eggs, and heterospecific eggs. As the walking time duration gradually increased, the level of larval activity increased, resulting in poorer food choices.
Managing High Differential Pressures in Fractured Carbonate Reservoir by Use of Wellbore Strengthening Material
Authors: Klungtvedt Karl Ronny , Vasshus Jan Kristian , Nesheim Gunvald , Scott Paul Daniel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The objective is to understand the impact of applying lost circulation materials preventatively to achieve strengthening of the wellbore when drilling fractured carbonate reservoirs. With a successful application, drilling with higher differential pressure can be enabled so that longer reservoir sections may be drilled, avoid splitting sections, and more remote parts of the reservoir may be reached.
Having conducted extensive laboratory tests to evaluate the sealing strength, ease of mixing and circulation, resistance towards degradation, and the abrasivity (erosivity) of selected lost circulation materials, a novel loss prevention material (LPM) product was selected for application into multiple wells. A simple model was developed to predict the wellbore strengthening effect for a given concentration of the product in the fluid system. The product was thereafter applied preventatively for drilling slim-hole reservoir sections in deviated wells on the Norwegian Continental Shelf, where differential pressures were expected to be challenging. An LPM recovery system was used to maintain desired concentrations of LPM in the active system. Data were collected from the operations to provide a robust understanding of the ease of application and the functionality of the selected LPM material.
Multiple fractured carbonate reservoirs were drilled under different pore-pressure conditions and with different drilling fluid densities. The results show that wells could be drilled without losses in conditions of around 2,400 psi overbalance, with product concentrations of less than half the maximum tested concentrations. Also, a field record of drilling a long horizontal reservoir section without tool failure was set, under conditions of unexpectedly high pore-pressures. The LPM recovery system proved to be successful with the novel materials, and very high rates of product retention was obtained, proving both the efficiency of the recovery plan and the material's resistance towards degradation.
The field application highlights the potential for preventative treatment of the drilling fluid to achieve a strengthening of the wellbore and to integrate this with a simple method for estimating the fracture pressure of the formation at various levels of product concentrations. With this information in hand, both producer and injector wells can be planned for more optimal placements in the reservoir to enhance oil recovery.
A New Load Rating Criterion Avoids Overdesigning Downhole Tools
Authors: Zhong Allan , Pirayeh Gar Shobeir 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The traditional approach to designing completion tools can result in the inefficient use of materials and/or inaccurate or overly conservative load rating for some applications. This paper presents a new load-rating criterion, the onset of global nonlinearity, which can more accurately represent the actual strength of downhole tools in those scenarios. Using the onset of global nonlinearity may allow for higher load and pressure ratings for a component than would be produced by traditional design approaches. This new load-rating criterion has been demonstrated through first principal analysis, lab experiments, and field results in applications such as hydraulic fracturing, sand control tools, subsurface safety valves, and injector-producer cycles. The increased load and pressure ratings are most striking in high-pressure and high-temperature applications.
The prevailing load rating criteria for metallic tools are based on material yield strength. The initial yield criterion using von-Mises stress, which dictates the load limit that a downhole tool can carry before exhibiting plastic deformation, is often used to design completion tools. However, for some applications of downhole tools, this load rating criterion can be overly conservative limiting the design options unnecessarily. Several load rating criteria are evaluated and discussed considering the fundamentals of engineering mechanics. Based on the investigation, a mechanics-based load rating criterion is proposed for applications where the number of peak load cycles is small and where small-scale yielding is allowed to occur in a localized area without causing major nonlinearity in the global scale. The load rating criterion is termed onset of global nonlinearity.
Engineering mechanics for several widely used load rating criterion are discussed and their application ranges and limitations, if any, are identified. The proposed onset of global nonlinearity for applications with low numbers of peak load cycles was validated through experimental tests under burst and collapse pressures as well as tensile and torque loads. The global onset of nonlinearity has been successfully applied for applicable downhole tools in real projects.
A new load rating criterion for applications with low cycles of peak loading helps to utilize the load-carrying capacity of the material fully and safely. Applying the onset of nonlinearity approach typically yields a higher load rating, which may be as much as 1.5 to 2 times more than that defined by the initial yield criterion.
SIIBED: Rapid High Impact Test Apparatus (RHITA) for Modelling Ice Keel Interaction
Authors: Macneill James Andrew , Thijssen Jan Willem , King Tony , Ralph Freeman 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper summarizes predesign considerations, the design, construction and commissioning activities in producing a novel testing facility at C-CORE.A large scale experimental apparatus was required to conduct impact testing between large ice samples and various impactor geometries. The equipment frame had to be self-reacting, mechanically rigid, fully instrumented to measure force and velocity, and capable of adaptation to different types of experimental setups. Design force testing capacities were set to 2 MN horizontally and 4 MN vertically. The moving horizontal test axis design velocity goal was set to 0.5 m/s.Actuation of the moving indenter system is with hydraulic cylinders having a piston diameter of 7". The rod diameter is 5". Hydraulic power for the test is supplied by two hydraulic accumulators, initially charged via a small, high pressure pump, and backed by gas bottles and a nitrogen skid.Various indenters can be attached to the test carriage indenter beam with adapter plates. Loads are transferred from indenter structures via high capacity bolted connections and precisely machined shear key features. The indenter beam is modular to facilitate changes and updates for future experimental test series, and fully instrumented with high capacity load cells. The reaction end of the instrumentation is mechanically isolated from the test carriage and its support track and roller system to eliminate friction forces in test measurements.The test carriage consists of two side plates joined by two beams, forming an open box structure into which the instrumentation and indenter beam assembly is situated. Height of the indenter beam relative to the test sample mounting area is infinitely adjustable via a set of 1" thick steel plates. Two bolt patterns are arranged in each of eight plates to allow any relative height difference to be set. The spacing of the bolt pattern on the instrumentation side is such that two settings are possible with each set of plates. If another height is required a new set of plates can be water-jetted with no further machining required.With the exception of the control system and hydraulic power skid, all design and FEA was carried out at C-CORE. Construction of the many components was carried out by one welding shop and six machine shops.When assembled, a process of tuning the hydraulics and control system commenced. After tuning had been completed the first test was conducted with success. This first test used an indenter that is 6" diameter and 63" (1600mm) long. The indentation depth was 1.5" (38.1 mm) and the test stroke was 80" (2032 mm). The load cells registered peak horizontal and vertical loads of 0.150 MN and 0.317 MN, respectively.
SIIBED: Numerical Modeling of Subsea Pipelines and Cables in Ice Prone Region
Authors: Barrett John , Chen Jin , Cooke Nathan , Phillips Ryan , Pike Kenton 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to incorporate the outcomes of laboratory and physical testing carried out under the SIIBED program in order to develop, calibrate and validate a design tool for assessment of risk to subsea infrastructure due to ice keel interaction with pipelines, flexible flowlines, and electrical cables. This tool could then also be used to investigate load transfer to other subsea structures and facilities.A numerical modeling procedure is developed using the finite element analysis software Abaqus where the large deformation process of iceberg-pipe-soil interaction can be accommodated using the Coupled Eulerian Lagrangian (CEL) technique. The complexity of the ice-pipe-soil interaction is captured by appropriate and varied contact strategies in different areas of the model. Details of the model are discussed, including advancements of soil behavior and flexible flowline mechanical response, where it is desirable for the design tool to be optimized for computational efficiency while retaining reliable predictions of response.Case studies are presented for thick walled pipeline, flexible flowlines and electrical cables. Typically, the ice is modeled as a rigid body with unlimited strength. Limiting ice interaction forces, via pressure, is shown to have an effect on the displaced shape of the pipeline and flexible. Including radial compliance of the electrical cable is also shown to have an effect. With mesh refinement and retaining sufficient complexity in key areas, the complex model can be analyzed with a reasonable amount of computational cost. Advancements in the modeling of the ice feature strength limits are highlighted as well as application of large deformation modeling of electrical cables, which is atypical.