bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of indicators of systemic inflammatory response in patients with brain death
Authors: Lipnitsky A. L. , Marochka A. V. 
Published: January 2025

Objective. To study the dynamics of levels of complete blood cell count (CBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in donors with brain death.Materials and methods. The prospective study included 106 organ and/or tissue donors with brain death, who received intensive care in the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Department of Mogilev Region from January 1, 2020 to November 1, 2023.Results. In deceased donors, from days 1 to 4 of intensive therapy, there was a statistically significant increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein. The level of CRP in the 1st day was equal to 13.3 (3.86; 29.1) mg/l, 2nd day – 85 (45.4; 140.6) mg/l (p < 0.0001 vs 1d), 3rd day – 135 .3 (73.6; 238.2) mg/l (p < 0.0001 vs 2d),4th day – 219.7 (112.7; 326.4) mg/l (p < 0.0001 vs 3d). At 5-7 days the level of CRP did not change statistically significantly. Donors with pneumonia had a statistically significant increase in band neutrophils, ESR and temperature compared to patients without this infection. At the same time, the level of CRP did not differ in these groups of donors without and with pneumonia: 134.5 (56; 261.5) mg/l and 145.6 (95.4; 268) mg/l, respectively (p = 0.4).Conclusion. C-reactive protein in brain-dead donors can be used as an additional quantitative measure of the extent of brain damage and the severity of the systemic inflammatory response.
Level of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -3 in patients with chronic kidney disease in stage C5 and in patients with anterior abdominal wall hernias
Authors: Bereshchenko V. V. , Nikolaevich L. A. 
Published: January 2025

Objectives. To determine the level of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) in the plasma of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in stage C5, and in patients with anterior abdominal wall hernias.Materials and methods. The object of the study were patients in the terminal stage of chronic kidney disease and patients with primary anterior abdominal wall hernias. MMP-3, TIMP-1 and TIMP-3 concentrations were determined in plasma by enzyme immunoassay.Results. There was a statistically significant increase in the level of MMP-3, the median of which was 185,77 ng/ml, with the ratio with patients of other analysed groups – 45,09 ng/ml and 41,05 ng/ml (p˂0,001) in plasma of patients with CKD on dialysis replacement therapy. The plasma TIMP-1 level (158,85 ng/ml) was statistically significantly higher in patients with C5 stage CKD than in patients with anterior abdominal wall hernia – 33,16 ng/ml and comparison group – 73,46 ng/ml (p˂0.001). At the same time, the level of TIMP-1 was also statistically significantly higher in the comparison group than in patients with anterior abdominal wall hernias (p˂0,001). The median value of TIMP-3 – 35726,43 pg/ml in patients with anterior abdominal wall hernias and in patients with C5 stage CKD – 35313,70 pg/ml was statistically significantly higher in comparison with the control group – 17974,80 pg/ml (p˂0,001).Conclusion. The obtained patterns may indicate pronounced inflammatory processes and connective tissue degradation in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing dialysis replacement therapy.
Integrated interrelations of connective tissue parameters during the rats’ body response to local irradiation
Authors: Nadyrov E. A. , Kravtsova I. L. , Shkliarava N. M. , Starodubtseva M. N. 
Published: January 2025

Objective. To establish histological changes in lung tissue and the interrelationship of these changes with the properties of nanoscale blood particles in laboratory animals caused by local irradiation of their upper torso with X-rays.Materials and methods. Local irradiation of Wistar rats was carried out using a X-RAD 320 Biological Irradiator (Precision X-Ray, USA) in doses of 0.1, 1, and 15 Gy. After a 3-week post-irradiation period, the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, sizes and zeta-potential of nanoparticles were measured in blood; a histological analysis of the lungs was carried out for rats non-irradiated and irradiated by various X-rays doses.Results. A semi-quantitative assessment of the pulmonary fibrosis progression showed an increase in the fibrosis grade depending on the irradiation dose (rs = 0.5531, p˂0.0001). In the blood of irradiated animals, the size and zeta potential of nanoscale particles increased significantly after irradiation of rats with a dose of 0.1 Gy (p < 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the irradiated rat’s blood changed non-monotonically depending on the dose.Conclusion. In the experimental animal model, significant changes in the body state were found after irradiation with a low dose (0.1 Gy) at different hierarchical levels. The changes are more pronounced in the blood antioxidant system and the system of nanoparticles of blood, less — at the level of composition and structure of the organ (lung). Further study of radiation and induced changes of blood nanoparticles is advisable not only to deepen the understanding of mechanisms of development of post-radiation pathological conditions but also to evaluate the efficacy of new radioprotective drugs in an experiment with a view to their subsequent introduction into clinical practice.
An Exploration of Teachers' Perspectives Regarding Global Citizenship Education: Case of Selected Rwandan Secondary Schools
Authors: Habumugisha Jeremie , Bazina Martin , Mvunabandi Dominique 
Published: January 2025

This study examined teachers' perceptions of Global Citizenship Education (GCED) in selected Rwandan Secondary Schools. It took a qualitative approach and was guided by two theories: Bourdieu's theory of practice (1972) and Mezirow's theory of transformative learning (1978). A case study research design was adopted. The target population included all teachers from ten selected Rwandan secondary schools. Purposive sampling was employed to choose ten teachers (one from each school) to complete an open-ended questionnaire, five of whom participated in semi-structured interviews. Primary data was collected using open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that teachers have positive perceptions towards GCED. Teachers learned about GCED through self-documentation, which led to differing understandings and interpretations. Respondents also acknowledged GCED as an important thing that should be taken into consideration in the journey of implementing global sustainable development through educating students to be good global citizens and having an appropriate understanding of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The challenge highlighted by respondents is the lack of appropriate common documents and techniques to be used for integrating GCED into teaching and learning practices in line with the Rwandan Competence-Based Curriculum. This study concludes that teachers’ positive perceptions of GCED are found to be good and helpful when it goes hand in hand with the National Curriculum Framework explicitly, to facilitate its integration into teaching practices. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education (MINEDUC) through The Rwanda Basic Education Board (REB) and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) in charge of education should provide training and teachers’ guides to harmonize their understanding of GCED and techniques of integration into teaching practices. It is also recommended that during the incoming curriculum revision, GCED should be integrated into the Curriculum explicitly, either as a course or as a crosscutting issue. Future studies should expand the scope of the study and highlight the interdependence of GCED and the implementation of global sustainable development.
<span><strong>Nghiên cứu một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến quy trình&nbsp;chế biến nước ép quả vải (</strong><i><strong>Litchi chinensis</strong></i><strong> S.) bổ sung đài hoa bụp giấm (</strong><i><strong>Hibiscus sabdariffa</strong></i><strong> L.)</strong></span>
Authors: Đoàn Phương Linh , Nguyễn Xuân Hồng , Phan Đào Thảo Vy , Nguyễn Thị Hồng Xuyên 
Published: January 2025

Nghiên cứu được tiến hành nhằm xác định các thông số kỹ thuật tối ưu cho quy trình chế biến nước ép quả vải (Litchi chinensis S.) bổ sung đài hoa bụp giấm (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Các yếu tố được khảo sát bao gồm: (i) tỷ lệ phối trộn giữa dịch quả vải và dịch đài hoa bụp giấm (9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, v/v), (ii) tỷ lệ bổ sung đường (12%, 14%, 16%, w/v) và acid citric (0,15%, 0,2%, 0,25%, w/v), (iii) nhiệt độ thanh trùng (80°C, 85°C, 90°C) và thời gian giữ nhiệt (1 phút, 3 phút, 5 phút). Kết quả cho thấy tỷ lệ phối trộn 8:2 giữa dịch quả vải và dịch đài hoa bụp giấm, kết hợp 14% đường và 0,2% acid citric, cùng chế độ thanh trùng ở 85°C trong 3 phút, mang lại sản phẩm có giá trị thanh trùng PU 6,99 phút, đảm bảo tiêu diệt vi sinh vật, duy trì chất lượng cảm quan và hạn chế tổn thất dinh dưỡng.
Cooling Load Calculation of A Room with Different Design Temperature by Analytical Method and Analysed by ANSYS (Fluent)
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering , Chouksey Engineering College ,Bilaspur ,C.G., DHIWAR AARTI 
Published: January 2025

Load calculations are used to determine the accurate size of the heat pump and air conditioner required to heat and cool a building. A right-sized unit is energy-efficient, operates quietly, and regulates both temperature and humidity. The more exact the information (Data Collection) the more accurate will be the load calculated. The amount of heat generated in a specific room depends on many factors such as the position of the room, electric Equipment, wall materials, and number of people occupied in the room. The method of cooling load calculation by using analytical method. The case study of the present work is only focused on one room specifically One room in Bilaspur CG located at 82.1409° E longitude and 22.0797° N latitude. From the calculation, we can say that for high design temperature, we need low cooling capacity and for low design temperature we need high cooling load capacity. After calculating the analytical, it was analysed using ANSYS (Fluent) software.

Key Words: Cooling load, Air conditioning, Energy efficient, ANSYS (Fluent)
Harnessing The Power of Collective Threat
Authors:   Presidency School of Computer Science (, G Nikhitha 
Published: January 2025

The escalating complexity and frequency of cyberattacks necessitate cutting-edge strategies to safeguard digital ecosystems. Traditional security mechanisms often fall short in countering sophisticated threats, creating a critical need for innovative solutions.This study introduces a groundbreaking collective threat intelligence framework that synthesizes machine learning,deep learning and graph-based models with advanced anomaly detection techniques.The framework employees multifaceted approach to identify , categorize and respond to diverse cybersecurity threats, including malware intrusion, phishing schemes, and irregular network activities. By fusing the predictive power of machine intelligence with adaptive analytical tools, it delivers a resilient and scalable defence mechanisms capable of addressing both established and emerging cyber threats. This research underscores the importance of dynamic threat intelligence in fortifying digital infrastructures against an increasingly hostile cyber landscape.

Keywords cybersecurity , collective threat intelligence framework, machine learning, deep learning, graph-based analysis, anomaly detection, malware detection, phishing prevention, scalable security solutions, adaptive defence mechanisms
Medical Emergency Handling
Authors:    Student of Presidency University  Bengaluru, India, Sagar Sagar 
Published: January 2025

A user cantered solution for critical situations as to provide the necessary medical services is the Medical Emergency Handling App. The app has got lots of features, most prominent amongst them is the detailed primary aid instruction that will help users manage the emergencies until professional help arrives. Delivering real time ambulance and hospital location services and making use of google maps and Google Maps API, it lets the users access the nearest healthcare facility with the least possible time delay. One of the features that enhanced the app’s utility in cases of urgent need is a dedicated helpline support feature that automatically connects an app user to emergency services. The app also integrates a WebView of Flipkart Health+, so that during an emergency users can browse for, and buy, essential medicines without compromising on the procurement process. The app is designed to be simple with easy access; users can navigate th

interface with ease ensuring that it’s a comfortable tool to use in case of a medical emergency. App addresses such problematics as delayed responses, scarce healthcare access, etc., being a truly comprehensive platform, while giving the users the tools needed to make a prompt decision in such critical situations. This application is a move to improve the accessibility of healthcare and emergency preparedness through an effective bridge between users and basic medical services.

Keywords: Medical Emergency, Ambulance Locator, Hospital Finder, Primary Aid Instructions, Helpline Support, Medicine Shopping Integration
Medical Emergency Handling
Authors:   dept. CST (spec: AI and ML), Rahul Mungara 
Published: January 2025

Medical emergencies account for a significant num- ber of preventable deaths annually, especially in countries like India, where delays in treatment and lack of coordination among entities exacerbate the problem. This paper presents a novel, technology-driven approach to streamline medical emergency handling through an integrated system. Leveraging advance- ments in mobile applications, cloud computing, and real-time communication, the proposed solution addresses critical gaps in ambulance dispatch, hospital selection, blood bank notifications.The architecture employs a Client-Server Architecture with a frontend built using HTML,CSS, and JavaScript for user interaction.A backend powered by Node.js, Express, and Socket.IO for API handling and realtime updates,

and a database json files for persistent storage.The system’s efficiency in reducing response times and improving outcomes demonstrates its potential to transform emergency medical

services and contribute to achieving SDG 3: Good Health and
Distressing symptoms and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Abdalrahim Maysoon , Al-Sutari Manal 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an incapacitating illness associated with distressing symptoms (DS) that have negative impact on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQOL).
AIM
To assess the severity of DS and their relationships with HRQOL among patients with CKD in Jordan.
METHODS
A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sampling approach was used to recruit the participants. Patients with CKD (n = 140) who visited the outpatient clinics in four hospitals in Amman between November 2021 and December 2021 were included.
RESULTS
The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System was used to measure the severity of the DS while the Short Form-36 tool was used to measure the HRQOL. Participants’ mean age was 50.9 (SD = 15.14). Most of them were males (n = 92, 65.7%), married (n = 95, 67.9%), and unemployed (n = 93, 66.4%). The highest DS were tiredness (mean = 4.68, SD = 2.98) and worse well-being (mean = 3.69, SD = 2.43). The highest HRQOL mean score was for the bodily pain scale with a mean score of 68.50 out of 100 (SD = 32.02) followed by the emotional well-being scale with mean score of 67.60 (SD = 18.57).
CONCLUSION
Patients with CKD had suboptimal HRQOL, physically and mentally. They suffer from multiple DS that have a strong association with diminished HRQOL such as tiredness and depression. Therefore, healthcare providers should be equipped with the essential knowledge and skills to promote individualized strategies that focusing on symptom management.
COMPARISON OF DOPPLER INDICES BETWEEN OBSTRUCTED AND NON-OBSTRUCTED KIDNEY
Authors: Ilyas Saira , Fiza Waseem  , Aun Bin Tariq  , Sara Shaukat  , Afzaal Mehmood  
Published: January 2025

Background: Acute renal colic is a common acute urologic conditions often caused by urolithiasis. However, diagnosis of obstruction due to urolithiasis sometimes becomes difficult especially when there is an insufficient dilation of urinary tract proximal to obstruction. In these situations, intra renal artery doppler assessment may be utilized as a diagnostic modality. The aim of this study to evaluate intra-renal arterial Doppler parameters in patients presenting with unilateral acute renal colic, comparing obstructed and non-obstructed kidneys. Methods: This case controled study was done at Azeem Ultrasound and Xray Center and was completed in 6 months [12-12-2023 till 11-06-2024]. 60 individuals were included in the study. Pelvicalyceal system dilatation was examined in each kidney using USG images. For the evaluation of inter-lobar arteries, a minimum of 3 doppler spectra were taken, and their mean was calculated. Resistiv index (RI) was measured using the standard formula, and the mean RI value was determined for each kidney. Results: The resistive index was elevated in the obstructed group (0.72 ± 0.10) versus the unobstructed group (0.63 ± 0.07; p < 0.001). The predictive accuracy showed a sensitivity of 70.0%, a specificity of 86.67%, a postive pridictive value (PPV) of 78.97%, and an negatieve predictiev value (NPV) of 80.15%. Conclusion: The comparison of Doppler indices between obstructed and unobstructed kidneys in patients with urolithiasis reveals significant differences. Elevated RI and PI values, along with increased PSV, highlight that hemodynamics is altered in the presence of renal obstruction. These findings support the use of Doppler ultrasound as a valuable diagnostic tool, helping in the timely identification and management of obstructive uropathy.
A prehospital protocol for geriatric agitation
Authors: Haussner William , Benton Emily , Isaacs Douglas , Lancet Elizabeth , Lai Pamela , Barghout Rana , Lachs Joshua , Hancock David , Rosen Anthony 
Published: January 2025

Approximately 10% of geriatric patients (adults over the age of 65) transported via ambulance will have a mental status altered from baseline, otherwise known as delirium. Many of these patients will be agitated, posing a management challenge for EMS practitioners. Existing protocols for delirium in the pre-hospital setting were designed for younger adults, who have different etiologies and different levels of tolerance for medications than most older adults.

ED-based protocols have already been created to aid in the treatment of patients with this condition. Yet, their applicability is limited, as many involve elaborate diagnostics not available in the prehospital environment. Furthermore, many protocols recommend using medications that are not recommended for older adults. Thus, we created an evidence-based protocol for the prehospital evaluation and treatment of agitated geriatric patients. Our protocol puts specific emphasis on safely avoiding unnecessary administration of and/or high dosages of psychotropic medications. We also emphasize practical management, including non-pharmacologic treatment of this condition in older adults.
EFFECTS OF TRANS-BORDER CRIMES ON NIGERIA’S SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Ende Donald Tarfa , Paul Agba Paschal 
Published: January 2025

Trans-border crime is a scourge whose harm is equivalent to that of Covid-19 and other related pandemics that require a national emergency response. Trans-border crimes fuel insecurity, endanger the social and mental health of the people, stunt businesses and hinder economic growth, create political instability as well as enhance the production and distribution of counterfeit goods. This paper examined the patterns and causes of trans-border crimes in Nigeria and their implications on the country’s socio-economic development. Data for the study, which were collected through such secondary sources as journal articles, textbooks, research reports, conference proceedings and the internet, were analyzed qualitatively. The routine activity theory was adopted for the study. The findings of the study revealed that smuggling of illegal goods, trafficking in persons, trafficking of illicit small arms and light weapons (SLAW) and smuggling of contrabands by business men and women, rebels, combatants and criminal gangs constituted the patterns through which trans-border crimes flourish. Border porosity, poverty, corruption, price inflation, unemployment, uneven opportunities and Nigeria’s geographical location, were the predisposing causes of trans-border crimes. The study recommends punitive sanctions including long term imprisonment for corrupt border patrol personnel and smugglers while the government should provide employment opportunities for the teeming population of unemployed Nigerian youths who may be lured into engaging in trans-border crimes. Technology-enabled devices such as drones, CCTV Cameras and scanners should be deployed to effectively man the country’s porous land borders to stem the tide of trans-border criminality.
STATE POLICING: A VIABLE ALTERNATIVE TO UNITARY POLICING SYSTEM AND CRIME CONTROL IN CONTEMPORARY NIGERIA
Authors: ONOJA Anthony , ODUMU Abraham Sunday , Olufunke MOSES-OJO A. , Ejeh Adoyi William 
Published: January 2025

The upsurge in criminal activities such as terrorism, armed banditry, robbery, kidnapping, farmer- herder clashes has posed great challenge to the efforts of the Nigerian police to mitigate crime and criminality in the country, thereby necessitating calls for alternative policing in Nigeria. The calls were further reinforced by the public outcry and protest against acts of police brutality culminating in the nationwide #EndSARs campaigns in 2020.This paper examined state policing as an antidote to crime prevention and control in contemporary Nigeria. Despite the potential challenge of state policing being political interference, violation of human rights, inadequate resources, poor communication gaps, coordination and abused of best standard practices across states, the innovation has its inherent merits, principal among which is the localization of crime control as the operators of the system are people who are familiar with the culture and tradition of the communities to which they are deployed to control crimes. The major objective of the study; to examine the role of State police in preventing and controlling crimes in Nigeria. The paper adopted Structural Functionalism theory as theoretical framework. The study utilized documentary secondary data. Major findings of the study is that state policing enables more effective and efficient crime prevention and control, as local police forces would have better understanding of the unique security challenges facing their respective states. The study recommends that the federal government should put in place robust legal frameworks, adequate resources, and oversight mechanisms to mitigate the challenges that may work against the effectiveness of the state policing regime in Nigeria. The study also recommends clear delineation of the roles, responsibilities, and jurisdiction of state police to ensure synergy of operation between operatives of federal and state police.