bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of conventional and cooled radiofrequency treatment of the genicular nerves versus sham procedure for patients with chronic knee pain: protocol for a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial (COGENIUS)
Authors: Vanneste Thibaut , Belba Amy , van Kuijk Sander , Kimman Merel , Bellemans Johan , Bonhomme Vincent , Sommer Micha , Emans Pieter , Vankrunkelsven Patrik , Tartaglia Katrien , Van Zundert Jan 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe prevalence of chronic knee pain is increasing. Osteoarthritis (OA) and persistent postsurgical pain (PPSP) are two important causes of knee pain. Chronic knee pain is primarily treated with medications, physiotherapy, life-style changes and intra-articular infiltrations. A radiofrequency treatment (RF) of the genicular nerves is a therapeutical option for refractory knee pain. This study investigates the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of conventional and cooled RF in patients suffering from chronic, therapy resistant, moderate to severe knee pain due to OA and PPSP.Methods and analysisThe COGENIUS trial is a double-blinded, randomised controlled trial with 2-year follow-up. Patients and outcome assessors are blinded. Patients will be recruited and treated in Belgium and the Netherlands. All PPSP after a total knee prothesis and OA patients (grades 2–4) will undergo a run-in period of 1–3 months where conservative treatment will be optimised. After the run-in period, 200 patient per group will be randomised to conventional RF, cooled RF or a sham procedure following a 2:2:1 ratio. The analysis will include a comparison of the effectiveness of each RF treatment with the sham procedure and secondarily between conventional and cooled RF. All comparisons will be made for each indication separately. The primary outcome is the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score at 6 months. Other outcomes include knee pain, physical functionality, health-related quality of life, emotional health, medication use, healthcare and societal cost and adverse events up to 24 months postintervention.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the University of Antwerp (Number Project ID 3069-Edge 002190-BUN B3002022000025), the Ethics committee of Maastricht University (Number NL80503.068.22-METC22-023) and the Ethics committee of all participating hospitals. Results of the study will be published in international peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT05407610.
Racial disparities in functional outcomes following mechanical thrombectomy in a cohort of patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Srinivas Tara , Ran Kathleen , Nair Sumil K , Hung Alice , Young Christopher C , Tamargo Rafael J , Huang Judy , Marsh Elizabeth , Hillis Argye , Yedavalli Vivek , Urrutia Victor , Gailloud Philippe , Caplan Justin M , Gonzalez L Fernando , Xu Risheng 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundNon-Hispanic Black (NHB) patients experience increased prevalence of stroke risk factors and stroke incidence compared with non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients. However, little is known about >90-day post-stroke functional outcomes following mechanical thrombectomy.ObjectiveTo describe patient characteristics, evaluate stroke risk factors, and analyze the adjusted impact of race on long-term functional outcomes to better identify and limit sources of disparity in post-stroke care.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 326 patients with ischemic stroke who underwent thrombectomy at two centers between 2019 and 2022. Race was self-reported as NHB, NHW, or non-Hispanic Other. Stroke risk factors, insurance status, procedural parameters, and post-stroke functional outcomes were collected. Good outcomes were defined as modified Rankin Scale score ≤2 and/or discharge disposition to home/self-care. To assess the impact of race on outcomes at 3-, 6-, and 12-months’ follow-up, we performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsPatients self-identified as NHB (42%), NHW (53%), or Other (5%). 177 (54.3%) patients were female; the median (IQR) age was 67.5 (59–77) years. The median (IQR) National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 15 (10–20). On univariate analysis, NHB patients were more likely to have poor short- and long-term functional outcomes, which persisted on multivariate analysis as significant at 3 and 6 months but not at 12 months (3 months: OR=2.115, P=0.04; 6 months: OR=2.423, P=0.048; 12 months: OR=2.187, P=0.15). NHB patients were also more likely to be discharged to rehabilitation or hospice/death than NHW patients after adjusting for confounders (OR=1.940, P=0.04).ConclusionsNHB patients undergoing thrombectomy for ischemic stroke experience worse 3- and 6-month functional outcomes than NHW patients after adjusting for confounders. Interestingly, this disparity was not detected at 12 months. Future research should focus on identifying social determinants in the short-term post-stroke recovery period to improve parity in stroke care.
The 2018 Eruption of Kīlauea: Insights, Puzzles, and Opportunities for Volcano Science
Authors: Anderson Kyle R. , Shea Thomas , Lynn Kendra J. , Montgomery-Brown Emily K. , Swanson Donald A. , Patrick Matthew R. , Shiro Brian R. , Neal Christina A. 
Published: August 2023

The science of volcanology advances disproportionately during exceptionally large or well-observed eruptions. The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano (Hawai‘i) was its most impactful in centuries, involving an outpouring of more than one cubic kilometer of basalt, a magnitude 7 flank earthquake, and the volcano's largest summit collapse since at least the nineteenth century. Eruptive activity was documented in detail, yielding new insights into large caldera-rift eruptions; the geometry of a shallow magma storage-transport system and its interaction with rift zone tectonics; mechanisms of basaltic tephra-producing explosions; caldera collapse mechanics; and the dynamics of fissure eruptions and high-volume lava flows. Insights are broadly applicable to a range of volcanic systems and should reduce risk from future eruptions. Multidisciplinary collaboration will be required to fully leverage the diversity of monitoring data to address many of the most important outstanding questions.
▪Unprecedented observations of a caldera collapse and coupled rift zone eruption yield new opportunities for advancing volcano science.▪Magma flow to a low-elevation rift zone vent triggered quasi-periodic step-like collapse of a summit caldera, which pressurized the magma system and sustained the eruption.▪Kīlauea's magmatic-tectonic system is tightly interconnected over tens of kilometers, with complex feedback mechanisms and interrelated hazards over widely varying timescales.▪The eruption revealed magma stored in diverse locations, volumes, and compositions, not only beneath the summit but also within the volcano's most active rift zone.
Harnessing Natural Killer Cells for Lung Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ma Shoubao , Caligiuri Michael A. , Yu Jianhua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Although natural killer (NK) cells are garnering interest as a potential anticancer therapy because they selectively recognize and eliminate cancer cells, their use in treating solid tumors, including lung cancer, has been limited due to impediments to their efficacy, such as their limited ability to reach tumor tissues, the reduced antitumor activity of tumor-infiltrating NK cells, and the suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). This comprehensive review provides an in-depth analysis of the cross-talk between the lung cancer TME and NK cells. We highlight the various mechanisms used by the TME to modulate NK-cell phenotypes and limit infiltration, explore the role of the TME in limiting the antitumor activity of NK cells, and discuss the current challenges and obstacles that hinder the success of NK-cell–based immunotherapy for lung cancer. Potential opportunities and promising strategies to address these challenges have been implemented or are being developed to optimize NK-cell–based immunotherapy for lung cancer. Through critical evaluation of existing literature and emerging trends, this review provides a comprehensive outlook on the future of NK-cell–based immunotherapy for treating lung cancer.
Medium and large sized mammals and the effect of habitat heterogeneity from a Caatinga shrubby forest at Serra de Santa Catarina, Paraíba, Brazil
Authors: Beltrão-Mendes Raone , Canassa Nathália Fernandes , Fernandes-Ferreira Hugo , Campos Bruno Augusto Torres Parahyba 
Published: August 2023

In xeric environments, such as Caatinga Biome, habitat characteristics such as phytophysiognomy type and presence of water bodies can represent higher resource availability. In this context, the present study investigated the effect of phytophysiognomies and presence of water bodies in the abundance and community structure of medium and large mammal species (MLM) in the Serra de Santa Catarina, Paraíba, Brazil. To evaluate these variables we conduct an effort of 373 camera-trap days, between August 2012 and November 2014. We recorded 12 MLM species, distributed in six orders and 11 families. From those, Kerodon rupestris is the only one listed in the Brazilian List of Threatened Fauna. Regarding the habitat, the Mann-Whitney showed a significant higher frequency to the Shrubby habitat and the ANOSIM showed no shifts in the community structure between Arboreal and Shrubby. Concerning the presence of water bodies, both the Mann-Whitney and the ANOSIM showed significant higher frequency to the habitat with water presence. We observed that both phytophysiognomy and water bodies are important variables which affect mainly the abundance of mammalian species from semiarid environments. Nonetheless, whereas the forest remnants get smaller the existence of water bodies becomes a preponderant factor to the MLM species and its community structure.
Large, Wide‐Neck, Side‐Wall Aneurysm Treatment in Canines Using NeuroCURE: A Novel Liquid Embolic
Authors: Merritt William C. , Norris Nicholas , Robertson Sophia , Preul Mark C. , Ducruet Andrew F. , Becker Timothy A. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Untreated intracranial aneurysms can rupture and result in high rates of morbidity and mortality. Although there are numerous approved endovascular aneurysm treatment devices, most require dual anti‐platelet therapy, are minimally biocompatible, or are prone to recanalization. Neurovascular Controlled Uniform Rapid Embolic (NeuroCURE) is an innovative polymer gel material with long‐term stability, biocompatibility, and hemocompatibility developed for the treatment of large, wide‐neck aneurysms.

Methods
Sidewall aneurysms were surgically created in 10 canines and NeuroCURE was injected through a 0.025 microcatheter under a single balloon inflation period. Aneurysm treatment was angiographically assessed post‐embolization and pre‐term with Raymond–Roy occlusion classification and a qualitative flow grade scale. Aneurysm neck stability and biocompatibility was histologically assessed to grade platelet/fibrin thrombus, percent endothelialization, and neointimal formation. Aneurysm sac stability was assessed by NeuroCURE sac content, inflammation, and neo‐angiogenesis scales.

Results
Explanted aneurysms exhibited a smooth surface at the aneurysm neck with nearly complete neointimal coverage at 3‐months. By 6‐months, neck endothelialization was 100% in all animals (average Raymond–Roy occlusion classification of 1.2), with no instances of aneurysm recanalization or parent vessel flow compromise. Biocompatibility assessments verified a lack of inflammatory response, neo‐angiogenesis, and platelet/fibrin thrombus formation.

Conclusion
The NeuroCURE material promotes progressive occlusion of wide‐necked side wall aneurysms over time without the need for dual antiplatelet agents. NeuroCURE also promotes neointimal tissue infill without dependence on thrombus formation and thus resists aneurysm recanalization. NeuroCURE remains a compelling investigational device for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms.
Luminous skins: Costume as a Central Element of a Swarm-Based Scenography
Authors: Hrga Iztok 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Luminous skins are interactive, light-costume hybrids that reimagine the boundaries of the performers’ physical bodies, broadcast their feelings, and alter their environment. The costumes are the central element of a performance that requires no stage space, no fixed lighting, no wall outlets, and no lighting technicians. The performers manage to dance through the darkness with the light they wear. The costumes are equipped with sensors and actuators that communicate wirelessly in real time with other scenographic elements. Together, they form a swarm-based scenography that involves close coordination between the performers and responsive technology to create visually dynamic and immersive atmospheres.
Evidence for Overlapping Visual Processing Difficulties in Adult ADHD and Visual Stress
Authors: BarNir Aviva , Shaked Haya , Elad Shulamit , Tosta Sandra 
Published: August 2023

We investigated the viability of spectral filters as an adjunctive treatment for adults with both ADHD and visual processing difficulties. Fifty-nine adults (age 18-50), diagnosed with both ADHD and visual stress received either spectral filters ( n = 39) or no intervention ( n = 20) to address visual processing difficulties. We administered the MOXO d-CPT, a computer based continuous performance test, before the intervention and one hour after the intervention to assess any short-term change in the participants’ attention profile. We used the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) before and 3–6 months after the intervention to assess any long-term intervention impact after 3–6 months. The intervention group had significant short- and long-term improvements in overall attention compared to the control group (X2(1, N = 59) = 20.10, p < .001). On the DSM-5, 49% of participants with short term and 64% with long-term intervention no longer met criteria for an ADHD diagnosis. Findings suggest that spectral filters may be an adjunctive treatment for many adults suffering from perceptually-based attention issues common to visual stress and ADHD.
Intensive Care Admissions and Outcome of Cardiac Arrests; A National Cohort Study From the United States
Authors: Mir Tanveer , Shafi Obeid , Balla Sudarshan , Munir Muhammad Bilal , Qurehi Waqas T , Kakouros Nikolaos , Bhat Zeenat , Koul Parvaiz , Rab Tanveer 
Published: August 2023

Objective Outcomes of cardiac arrest among patients who had cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in intensive care units (ICU) has limited data on the national level basis in the United States. We aimed to study the outcomes of ICU CPRs. Methods Data from the national readmissions database (NRD) sample that constitutes 49.1% of the stratified sample of all hospitals in the United States were analyzed for ICU-related hospitalizations for the years 2016 to 2019. ICU CPR was defined by procedure codes. Results A total of 4,610,154 ICU encounters were reported for the years 2016 to 2019 in the NRD. Of these patients, 426,729 (9.26%) had CPR procedure recorded during the hospital encounter (mean age 65 ± 17.81; female 42.4%). And 167,597 (39.29%) patients had CPR on the day of admission, of which 63.16% died; while 64,752 (15.18%) patients had CPR on the day of ICU admission, of which 72.85% died. And 36,002 (8.44%) had CPR among patients with length of stay 2 days, of which 73.34% died. A total of 1,222,799 (26.5%) admitted to ICU died, and patients who had ICU CPR had higher mortality, 291,391(68.3%). Higher complication rates were observed among ICU CPR patients, especially who died. Over the years from 2016 to 2019, ICU CPR rates increased from 8.18% (2016) to 8.66% (2019); p-trend = 0.001. The mortality rates among patients admitted to ICU increased from 22.1% (2016) to 24.1% (2019); p-trend = 0.005. Conclusion The majority of ICU CPRs were done on the first day of ICU admission. The trend for ICU CPR was increasing. The mortality trend for overall ICU admissions has increased, which is concerning and would suggest further research to improve the high mortality rates in the CPR group.
Stakeholder Perspectives of Experiential Education in Tertiary Institutions and Learning From COVID-19
Authors: Chidwick Hanna , Kapiriri Lydia , Chen En Chi 
Published: August 2023

Background Many universities in Canada offer experiential education (EE) opportunities for students that are both field-based and on-campus. Despite a commitment to EE, there is a paucity of information about various stakeholder perspectives of EE and the equity implications of the different approaches to EE. Furthermore, it is unclear how EE programs at universities changed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions. Purpose This study aims to explore stakeholder perspectives of EE experiences and understand the shifts to EE, perhaps towards more equitable and accessible EE opportunities, prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology/Approach We used an exploratory case study approach involving a survey with university students, interviews with university instructors and community organizations, and a document review, to understand stakeholder perspectives and shifts to EE due to COVID-19. Findings/Conclusions Findings suggest that there are consistent benefits of EE, and barriers to EE, across student, instructor, and organization perspectives, where learning from changes prompted by the pandemic could be beneficial to increase equity in EE. Implications We recommend that instructors and institutions continue to work in partnership with students and community organizations to build virtual, on-campus, and local field-based EE (FBEE) opportunities that aim to increase equitable access and impact.
Retrograde Drilling and Bone Graft for Hepple Stage V Subchondral Bone Lesion of Talus Using 3D Image–Based Navigation-Assisted Endoscopic Technique
Authors: Wu Xinchen , Zhong Yanjun , Wei Shijun , Wu Helin , Zheng Boyu , Xu Feng 
Published: August 2023

Background: Retrograde drilling remains technically challenging, because of the difficulty of identifying the accurate location of cysts during surgery. This study’s aim was to evaluate the 3-dimensional (3D) image–based surgical navigation-assisted endoscopic retrograde drilling technique for subchondral bone lesions of the talus. Methods: From March 2017 to June 2020, a total of 21 cases with Hepple stage V subchondral bone lesions of the talus were treated with 3D image–based surgical navigation-assisted endoscopic retrograde drilling and bone graft technique. Arthroscopic views were categorized per Pritsch classifications. The correlation between the drilled tunnel with preoperative cystic lesions were assessed under postoperative computer tomographic (CT) scans. The American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) sports scales were evaluated at the preoperative and final consultation. All complications were recorded. Results: On postoperative CT scans, in 20 cases (95.2%), the drilled tunnel was judged to have been in the center of previous cysts. Only 9 cases (42.9%) showed intact normal cartilage (grade 0, group A); 12 cases (57.1%) had intact, but soft, cartilage (grade I, group B). The median follow-up time was 24 (24, 30) months, and at final follow-up, there were no significant differences between the mean AOFAS and VAS scores in both groups (89.0 ± 6.4 vs 88.3 ± 7.0 and 1 vs 0.5) or postoperative FAAM sports scales (28.2 ± 2.2 vs 26.6 ± 4.9, P = .363). Two patients had revision surgery in group B. Conclusion: The 3D image–based surgical navigation-assisted endoscopic retrograde drilling and bone graft technique for the subchondral bone lesions of the talus in this small case series showed encouraging results. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Late-onset cardiotoxicity in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer receiving trastuzumab-based therapy
Authors: Alowais Shuroug A. , Luk Samantha O. , Kim E. Bridget , Alsuhebany Nada , Zangardi Mark 
Published: August 2023

Introduction Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) typically receive long-term trastuzumab treatment for several years. The aim of our study is to identify the incidence and characterize late-onset cardiotoxicity in patients with HER2-positive MBC receiving trastuzumab-based therapy. Methods We retrospectively reviewed charts of HER2-positive MBC patients who received >1 year of trastuzumab-based therapy at the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center over three-year period. The primary endpoint was development of trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity (TIC). Secondary endpoints included time to TIC development, incidence/duration of trastuzumab interruption due to TIC, incidence of permanent discontinuation of trastuzumab due to TIC, clinic visit, or hospitalization due to TIC. Results Thirty-seven patients were included. Mean age was 56 years (range: 33–78 years, SD 9.5). Seven patients received prior doxorubicin and 14 patients received previous or concurrent breast irradiation. Mean duration of trastuzumab-based therapy was 57 months (range: 14–140 months, SD 39.3). Seven patients (18.9%) experienced TIC resulting in treatment interruption for two patients (28 and 78 days). The median time from starting trastuzumab therapy to TIC was 14 months (interquartile range: 11–29.5 months). The mean number of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) assessment completed per year was 2.7 (range: 1.2–6.6, SD 1.1). Conclusion Cardiotoxicity occurred in a minority of patients with HER2-positive MBC receiving trastuzumab-based therapy for more than one year. LVEF reductions to below the institutional lower limit of normal and therapy modifications were uncommon.
Evaluation of factors associated with bleeding following haemodialysis catheter-related procedures and the risk with anti-platelet agents
Authors: Koduri Sreekanth , Keng Chionh Gareth Yeow , Khaw Jien-Yi , Foong Shaohui ,   CREMERE Group, Chionh Chang Yin 
Published: August 2023

Background: Bleeding is a potential complication following haemodialysis catheter-related procedures. Besides uraemia, bleeding risk is perceived to be even higher in patients receiving antiplatelets. This study aims to evaluate the risk factors for bleeding following dialysis catheter-related procedures. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a single-centre, prospective cohort study between March 2019 and June 2020. Potential risk factors for bleeding were collected, including use of antiplatelets and anticoagulants, serum urea and haematological results. Patients were observed closely for external bleeding following haemodialysis catheter-related procedures. Results: From 413 patients screened, 250 were recruited. Of these, 177 underwent dialysis catheter insertion (157 tunnelled and 20 non-tunnelled) while 73 had dialysis catheter removed (35 tunnelled and 38 non-tunnelled). One hundred and four patients (41.6%) were on a single anti-platelet agent, of whom 75 (30.0%) were on aspirin and 29 (11.6%) had clopidogrel alone. Twenty-nine patients (11.6%) were on both aspirin and clopidogrel. There were 36 episodes (14.4%) of bleeding. The risk of bleeding was not significantly higher with the use of aspirin alone (odds ratio = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.36–2.02, p = 0.709), clopidogrel alone (odds ratio = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.31–3.49, p = 0.953) and both aspirin and clopidogrel (odds ratio = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.28–3.25, p = 0.938). In a multivariate analysis, none of the known bleeding risk factors had a statistically significant association with bleeding. Conclusions: Overall, the use of antiplatelet agents was not associated with an increased risk of bleeding.