bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ameliorative effect of Lactobacillus plantarumCCFM8661 on oleic acid‐induced acne: integrated gut microbiota link to acne pathogenesis
Authors: Ai Jian , Ma Weiwei , Pan Zhenghao , Mao Bingyong , Tang Xin , Zhang Qiuxiang , Zhao Jianxin , Chen Wei , Cui Shumao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAcne vulgaris is an inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit of the skin that has serious adverse effects on the physical and mental health of patients. Probiotics are extensively employed in dermatology and could be an alternative option for acne therapy. Here, we evaluated the effect of oral ingestion of live and inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 on oleic acid‐induced acne using a mouse model.RESULTSResults indicated that live L. plantarum CCFM8661 suppressed skin inflammation and serum hormone (insulin and testosterone) production in acne mice. Parallelly, live L. plantarum CCFM8661 effectively reduced the formation of skin lipids (triglycerides and non‐esterified free fatty acids), and normalized the expression of skin lipid metabolism‐related genes (PPAR‐γ, SREBP‐1c, ACCα, FASN, PPAR‐α, ACOX1, HSL and ATGL). In comparison, inactivated L. plantarum CCFM8661 had no effect on skin inflammation or serum hormone secretion, but decreased skin triglycerides and normalized the expression of skin lipid metabolism‐related genes (PPAR‐γ, SREBP‐1c, FASN and ATGL) in acne mice. Both live and inactivated L. plantarum CCFM8661 raised the richness of gut microbiota, reduced the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes and decreased the relative abundance of Staphylococcus in the feces of acne mice.CONCLUSIONOral ingestion of L. plantarum CCFM8661, particularly live cells, could alleviate acne by suppressing skin inflammation, normalizing the metabolism of hormones and skin lipids, which may be achieved by improving the gut microbial ecosystem. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Application of combined Box–Behnken design with response surface methodology and desirability function in optimizing pectin extraction from fruit peels
Authors: Haque SK Manirul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study aimed to extract pectin from various fruit peels, namely apple, orange, green citron, and pomegranate, and to evaluate the effects of various experimental conditions. The extraction was conducted at temperatures of 50–90 °C, with a solid‐liquid ratio of 0.03–0.08 g/mL, for 120–180 min. The Box–Behnken design was applied in a three‐level and four‐factor factorial approach, including 29 experiments for each extraction, with varying conditions. The interaction effects were investigated. Each experiment's conditions were optimized.RESULTSThe percentage yield varied (11.70–37.37%). The maximum yield was found in apples, whereas the lowest was in pomegranates.CONCLUSIONUnder optimized experimental conditions,high‐quality pectin was extracted from pomegranate, orange, green citron, and apple peel waste. The extract was considered to be high methyl ester pectin with a degree of esterification greater than 50% and with an Anhydrouronic acid (AUA) content greater than 65%. The peel pectin that was studied could therefore be a food additive with numerous uses. The procedure developed here reuses waste resources effectively and contributes to a novel concept for exploring natural assets for use in food and pharmaceutical applications. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Exploring Asymmetric Fine Motor Impairment Trends in Early Parkinson's Disease via Keystroke Typing
Authors: Holmes Ashley A. , Matarazzo Michele , Mondesire‐Crump Ijah , Katz Emily , Mahajan Rahul , Arroyo‐Gallego Teresa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe nQiMechPD algorithm transforms natural typing data into a numerical index that characterizes motor impairment in people with Parkinson's Disease (PwPD).ObjectivesUse nQiMechPD to compare asymmetrical progression of PD‐related impairment in dominant (D‐PD) versus non‐dominant side onset (ND‐PD) de‐novo patients.MethodsKeystroke data were collected from 53 right‐handed participants (15 D‐PD, 13 ND‐PD, 25 controls). We apply linear mixed effects modeling to evaluate participants’ right, left, and both hands nQiMechPD relative change by group.ResultsThe 6‐month nQiMechPD trajectories of right (**P = 0.002) and both (*P = 0.043) hands showed a significant difference in nQiMechPD trends between D‐PD and ND‐PD participants. Left side trends were not significantly different between these two groups (P = 0.328).ConclusionsSignificant differences between D‐PD and ND‐PD groups were observed, likely driven by contrasting dominant hand trends. Our findings suggest disease onset side may influence motor impairment progression, medication response, and functional outcomes in PwPD.
Educational quality of YouTube content on brachial plexus injury and treatment
Authors: Mendiratta Dhruv , Liggio Daniel F. , Levidy Michael F. , Mahajan Jasmine , Chu Alice , McGrath Aleksandra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionWhile surgical literature exists on birth‐related brachial plexus injury (BPI), there are not validated sources of information on BPI for patients, which can impact patient autonomy and decision‐making. With YouTube as a popular source for patients to research diagnoses, this study aims to evaluate the quality of information regarding BPI and its treatment available on the platform.Materials and MethodsBPI YouTube videos were screened independently by two reviewers. Videos were categorized by source: (1) academic, government, and non‐profit organizations; (2) private practices, companies, and for‐profit organizations; (3) independent users. Each video was evaluated for reliability, credibility, and quality using the modified DISCERN criteria (scale, 0–5), Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) criteria (scale, 0–4), and Global Quality Scale (GQS; scale, 1–5). Surgical treatment videos were analyzed by the senior author using a modified “treatment” DISCERN criteria (scale, 8–40). Non‐English videos were excluded from this study. Analysis of variance tests were used to compare means.ResultsOne hundred and fifteen videos were selected for final analysis. The mean modified DISCERN score was 3.26; JAMA was 2.31; GQS was 3.48. Videos were subdivided according to source. Group 1, 2, and 3 had 45, 24, and 46 videos, respectively. Modified DISCERN score was greater for Group 1 than Group 2 (3.58 vs. 3.04, p < .001) and Group 3 (3.58 vs. 3.07, p < .001). JAMA score was greater for Group 1 than Group 2 (2.63 vs 2.15, p = .041) and Group 3 (2.63 vs. 2.08, p = .002). GQS score was greater for Group 1 than Group 2 (3.93 vs. 3.31, p = .031) and Group 3 (3.93 vs. 3.13, p < .001). Of the 34 videos (44.7%) that mentioned treatment, the DISCERN score was 14.32.ConclusionThe videos analyzed were found to have moderate reliability, credibility, and quality. The reliability of information regarding treatments for BPI was poor. Healthcare providers should supply additional information on treatment of BPI.
Long‐term safety and functional outcomes of delandistrogene moxeparvovec gene therapy in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A phase 1/2a nonrandomized trial
Authors: Mendell Jerry R. , Sahenk Zarife , Lehman Kelly J. , Lowes Linda P. , Reash Natalie F. , Iammarino Megan A. , Alfano Lindsay N. , Lewis Sarah , Church Kathleen , Shell Richard , Potter Rachael A. , Griffin Danielle A. , Hogan Mark , Wang Shufang , Mason Stefanie , Darton Eddie , Rodino‐Klapac Louise R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsDelandistrogene moxeparvovec is indicated in the United States for the treatment of ambulatory pediatric patients aged 4 through 5 years with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with a confirmed mutation in the DMD gene. Long‐term delandistrogene moxeparvovec microdystrophin protein (a shortened dystrophin that retains key functional domains of the wild‐type protein) expression may positively alter disease progression in patients with DMD. We evaluated long‐term safety and functional outcomes of delandistrogene moxeparvovec in patients with DMD.MethodsAn open‐label, phase 1/2a, nonrandomized controlled trial (Study 101; NCT03375164) enrolled ambulatory males, ≥4 to <8 years old, with DMD. Patients received a single intravenous infusion (2.0 × 1014 vg/kg by supercoiled quantitative polymerase chain reaction) of delandistrogene moxeparvovec and prednisone (1 mg/kg/day) 1 day before to 30 days after treatment. The primary endpoint was safety. Functional outcomes were change from baseline in North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) and timed function tests.ResultsFour patients (mean age, 5.1 years) were enrolled. There were 18 treatment‐related adverse events; all occurred within 70 days posttreatment and resolved. Mean NSAA total score increased from 20.5 to 27.5, baseline to year 4, with a mean (standard deviation) change of +7.0 (2.9). Post hoc analysis demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful 9‐point difference in NSAA score, relative to a propensity‐score–weighted external control cohort (least‐squares mean [standard error] = 9.4 [3.4]; P = .0125).DiscussionGene transfer therapy with delandistrogene moxeparvovec treatment is well tolerated, with a favorable safety profile. Functional improvements are sustained through 4 years, suggesting delandistrogene moxeparvovec may positively alter disease progression.
Using otolith microchemistry to determine natal origin of Black Sea Bass off the coast of Maine
Authors: Koob Elise R. , Kerr Lisa A. , Mandelman John W. , Armstrong Michael P. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
A recent expansion of the northern stock of Black Sea Bass Centropristis striata into the northern Gulf of Maine raises questions about this species’ movement and population dynamics in this region. Determining the origin of these fish is essential, as dramatic changes in migration patterns or current population boundaries could have profound effects on stock assessment estimates and subsequent management regulations.

Methods
In this study, we measured otolith core concentrations of stable isotopes (δ18O, δ13C) and trace element:calcium ratios (Mg:Ca, Mn:Ca, Cu:Ca, Zn:Ca, Ba:Ca, Sr:Ca) to assess the natal origin of Black Sea Bass that were caught off the coast of Maine. Spawning condition adults from southern New England (SNE) and the mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB) were used to characterize the chemical fingerprint of these known spawning regions.

Result
Unique chemical fingerprints were identified for fish from SNE and the MAB, with high reclassification success using random forest analysis (16% error rate). The classification of Black Sea Bass of unknown origin that were caught in Maine waters indicated that 85% of the samples matched to SNE and 13% to the MAB, whereas one sample remained unclassified.

Conclusion
Results from this study support the current management population separation of the northern stock of Black Sea Bass between SNE and the MAB and lends additional information to the understanding of this species’ movement into the northern Gulf of Maine. As fish stocks around the world continue to shift into new regions due to climate change, knowledge of their natal origin will be critical to long-term sustainable management of this species.
Five‐year trend of antipsychotic prescription practices in a district Hospital in Ghana: A retrospective study
Authors: Daliri Dennis Bomansang , Afaya Agani , Laari Timothy Tienbia , Fredrick Adiak , Ankamah Ama Gaynor , Annan Susana , Abagye Nancy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionAntipsychotics are the mainstay treatment for psychotic conditions. Their prescription, however, should come with some caution since the consequences of their side effects can be dire for the patient receiving the prescription. Because of inadequate experts in low‐middle‐income countries, non‐experts are trained through the Mental Health Gap Action Program (MHGAP) to reduce the treatment gap. This retrospective study analyzed the trend of antipsychotic prescriptions in a district hospital where mental health services are delivered by non‐experts.MethodologyThis was a retrospective descriptive study that gathered data between 2015 and 2019 from the electronic database of the hospital. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20. We reported the descriptive statistics of our findings in the form of frequencies and percentages.ResultsThere was a year‐on‐year increase in antipsychotic prescriptions over the study period. Starting with 48.1% in 2015 to 56.4% in 2019. The main condition for which antipsychotics were prescribed was psychosis (58.6%), followed by substance use disorder (SUD) (26%). Patients with age ≥ 50 received the most prescription of antipsychotics. Starting from 2015, there was a high percentage of typical antipsychotic prescriptions (90.14%) with atypical antipsychotics being 9.86% and by 2019 atypical antipsychotic prescriptions had shot up to 74.8%. Polypharmacy prescription rate was 8.1% over the study period.ConclusionAntipsychotics are essential in the treatment of psychosis and other mental health conditions. Prescribers need to know more about these drugs to prescribe them appropriately and to minimize the likelihood of side effects among patients who use these drugs.
Geophysical surveys and satellite imaging for the evaluation of near‐surface terrain dynamic – A case study on Grand Portage, MN, USA
Authors: Lee Jeongki , Fratta Dante 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFlooding, erosion and increases in the water level in Lake Superior have contributed to changes in the stem location and width of the Grand Portage Creek. Those events threaten parts of the Grand Portage National Monument, a historically significant site on the North Shore of Lake Superior, Minnesota. We performed geophysical surveys to investigate these dynamic effects. We studied the near‐surface geological deposits, the mechanisms associated with creek stem dynamics and sediment transport, as well as deposition along the lakeshore in Grand Portage Bay. We deployed ground‐penetrating radar (GPR), sub‐bottom profiler, side scan sonar, Geoprobe coring and Van Veen grab samplers and evaluated time‐lapse satellite images to assess the interaction of the Grand Portage Creek with the Grand Portage Bay. The onshore GPR surveys next to the national monument, the creek and the shoreline showed the presence of a complex deposition with eroded ground surfaces and sediment layers across the creek valley. Results from the offshore geophysical campaigns and the interpretations of satellite images also document a heterogeneous deposition sequence environment with fine‐grained sediment deposits present south and southwest of the creek mouth. In addition, we documented an exposed boulder bed towards the east of the creek mouth that was exposed by the current and wave‐driven erosion process in the Grand Portage Bay. Time‐lapse satellite images and hydraulic current velocity simulations validate these observations and provide insight into how anthropogenic activities and natural events interact and might contribute to the long‐term stability of a site of historical and cultural importance.
Solving invex multitime control problems with first‐order PDE constraints via the absolute value exact penalty method
Authors: Antczak Tadeusz , Treanţă Savin 
Published: August 2023

SummaryIn this paper, a nonconvex multitime control problem with first‐order PDE constraints is considered. Then, we investigate the absolute value exact penalty function method which is used for solving the aforesaid control problem. Namely, in order to ensure the effective use of the absolute value exact penalty function method in the considered case, the most important property of any exact penalty function method, that is, exactness of the penalization, is analyzed in the case when the aforementioned method is applied for solving the considered multitime control problem with first‐order PDE constraints in which the functionals involved are nonconvex. Thus, the equivalence between an optimal solution of the aforementioned control problem and a minimizer of its associated unconstrained multitime control problem constructed in the used absolute value exact penalty function method is proved under appropriate invexity hypotheses.
Melt and solution processability of poly(butylene succinate‐dilinoleic succinate) copolymers modified with poly(ethylene glycol) using3Dprinting and electrospinning
Authors: Zarei Moein , Żwir Marek J. , Wiśniewska Ewa , Michalkiewicz Beata , El Fray Miroslawa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFabrication of complex structures usually requires a combination of different advanced manufacturing techniques at different length scales. In this work, we discuss the structure‐properties relationship of recently developed biodegradable poly(butylene succinate‐dilinoleic succinate) (PBS‐DLS) copolymers modified with hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) towards their processibility via 3D printing and electrospinning. Notably, filaments suitable for 3D printing with 1.75 mm diameter were fabricated directly from the reactor after the synthesis of copolymers through extruding polymer melt into a water bath thus overcoming the postprocessing. Two series of copolymers containing 60 wt% and 70 wt% of hard PBS content were synthesized using magnesium‐titanium butoxide as heterometallic catalyst. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated biphasic morphology with low‐glass transition temperature and high‐melting point, which were dependent from the PBS hard segments content. Crystallized copolymers exhibited distinct spherulitic morphology, but presence of crystallites has no adverse effect on warping or delamination of subsequent layers during 3D printing. Furthermore, these copolymers demonstrated also easy processability through electrospinning, yielding uniform nanofibers with diameters ranging from 400 to 600 nm. The addition of 5 wt% PEG to copolymers with higher hard segments content (70 wt%) increased the elasticity up to 830% and improved hydrophilicity of the copolymers. Overall, these findings together with the excellent cell viability of new materials highlight their potential for different applications, including the biomedical sector.
Polydicyclopentadiene toughened epoxy resin and its carbon fiber composites via sequential polymerization
Authors: Cheng Chao , Zhang Chenyu , Chen Zhengguo , Zhou Fei , Zhou Jinli , Sun Zeyu , Yu Muhuo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work, a dicyclopentadiene monomer/Grubbs 2 catalyst was added to a mixture of epoxy oligomers and methyl nadic anhydride to obtain a poly‐dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) modified epoxy cross‐linked network via sequential curing. The hybrid resin was used as a matrix for preparing carbon fiber composites. The results indicated that the addition of DCPD monomers significantly reduced the viscosity of the epoxy resin. The toughness and heat resistance of the co‐cured resin was improved without significant loss of strength, which was attributed to the high compatibility between epoxy and the modifier polymer. Regarding the composites, the flexural strength of the hybrid resin‐derived composite first increased and then diminished slightly. Meanwhile, the mode‐I interlaminar fracture toughness continued to increase with the increase of PDCPD content compared to the non‐modified composites. Generally, the change trend of the above properties in the composites was consistent with the change trend of the strength and toughness exhibited in the bulk resin with increasing PDCPD contents, while the change extent was inconsistent due to factors such as fiber volume content and interfacial bonding.Highlights
The epoxy/PDCPD hybrid resin system was obtained via sequential curing.
The PDCPD as modifier can reduce the viscosity of the epoxy curing system.
The toughness and heat resistance of the PDCPD modified epoxy resin was improved.
The loss in flexural strength of the hybrid resin system was insignificant.
The GIC of the epoxy composites modified with PDCPD improved appreciably.
A study on the crystallization and melting of PLA nanocomposites with cellulose nanocrystals by DSC
Authors: Kang Homin , Kim Dae Su 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPoly(lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) nanocomposites with 1 or 3 phr of CNC were prepared by melt mixing and compression molding then their % crystallinities as well as crystallization and melting behavior during the first heating/cooling/second heating process were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Isothermal crystallization at 80–130°C for 5 min was performed during the cooling process to see how the isothermal crystallization affects % crystallinity at 25°C. The % crystallinity at 25°C as well as the crystallization rate of the nanocomposite increased with CNC content and showed a maximum at the isothermal crystallization temperature of 105°C regardless of CNC content. The bimodal DSC melting peaks observed during the second heating process were considered due to the crystals with many defects (α′) and the crystals with more perfect structure (α), respectively. Isothermal crystallization kinetic analysis by Avrami equation showed that the Avrami exponents of the nanocomposites were about 1, meaning a rod‐ or disc‐shaped crystal growth mechanism. Improving the mechanical properties of the PLA/CNC nanocomposite would be possible because the % crystallinity at 25°C could be effectively increased by changing CNC content and cooling history.Highlights
PLA/CNC nanocomposites.
Crystallization and melting behavior analysis of the nanocomposites by DSC.
Isothermal crystallization at 80–130°C for 5 min during cooling by DSC.
Crystallization degree was maximum for the isothermal crystallization at 105°C.
Isothermal crystallization kinetic analysis by Avrami equation.