bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
B4GALNT1 promotes carcinogenesis by regulating epithelial–mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma based on pan‐cancer analysis
Authors: Liu Wenli , Chen Yutong , Yang Jinqiang , Guo Mingliang , Wang Li 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundβ‐1,4‐N‐Acetyl galactosaminyltransferase1 (B4GALNT1) has been reported to play important roles in tumor progression and metastasis. Herein, we investigate the oncogenic roles of B4GALNT1 for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on immune microenvironment.MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas database and Genotype‐Tissue Expression, cBioportal, ImmuCellAI, TIMER2 and other databases were searched to analyze the expression and clinical applications of B4GALNT1 in liver cancer patients. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, Cox regression analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis were utilized. Moreover, western blot assay, immune histochemistry staining, Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay, invasion and migration assay were performed to evaluate the function of B4GALNT1 in HCC.ResultsB4GALNT1 is overexpressed in 14 tumors, and the mRNA expression levels of B4GALNT1 were remarkably elevated in most tumor types, including HCC. In addition, B4GALNT1 expression was an independent prognostic factor, and a low expression of B4GALNT1 showed a better overall survival and disease‐specific recurrence‐free survival in patients with HCC. Gene set variation analysis indicated that B4GALNT1 presented a positive correlation with the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway in HCC. B4GALNT1 expression was closely associated with immune activation genes in the HCC microenvironment. Moreover, B4GALNT1 expression was higher in HCC tissue than that in surrounding tissues. B4GALNT1 promoted the expression of apoptosis‐related or EMT‐related proteins and then decreased the expression of Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐xl in HCC cells, suggesting that B4GALNT1 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells.ConclusionsB4GALNT1 may promote HCC development through regulating the EMT pathway, which suggests that B4GALNT1 may serve as a promising predictive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
The characteristic of the key aroma‐active components in white tea using GC‐TOF‐MS and GC‐olfactometry combined with sensory‐directed flavor analysis
Authors: Ma Lijuan , Sun Yangyang , Wang Xuejiao , Zhang Heyun , Zhang Linqi , Yin Yage , Wu Yumeng , Du Liping , Du Ziping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhite tea has become more and more popular with consumers due to its health benefits and unique flavor. However, the key aroma‐active compounds of white tea during the aging process are still unclear. Thus, the key aroma‐active compounds of white tea during the aging process were investigated using gas chromatography‐time‐of‐flight‐mass spectrometry (GC‐TOF‐MS) and gas chromatography‐olfactometry (GC‐O) combined with sensory‐directed flavor analysis.ResultsA total of 127 volatile compounds were identified from white tea samples with different aging years by GC‐TOF‐MS. Fifty‐eight aroma‐active compounds were then determined by GC‐O, and 19 of them were further selected as the key aroma‐active compounds based on modified frequency (MF) and odor activity value (OAV).ConclusionAroma recombination and omission testing confirmed that 1‐octen‐3‐ol, linalool, phenethyl alcohol, geraniol, (E)‐β‐ionone, α‐ionone, hexanal, phenylacetaldehyde, nonanal, (E, Z)‐(2,6)‐nonadienal, safranal, γ‐nonalactone and 2‐amylfuran were the common key aroma‐active compounds to all samples. Cedrol, linalool oxide II and methyl salicylate were confirmed peculiar in new white tea, while β‐damascenone and jasmone were peculiar in aged white tea. This work will offer support for further studies on the material basis of flavor formation of white tea. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effect of different oil extraction methods on bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity and phytochemical profiles of raw flaxseeds (Linum usitatissimum) and after roasting at different temperatures
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Isam A , Değerli Zeliha , Özcan Mehmet Musa , Babiker Elfadil E 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFactors such as variety, genetics, soil structure and plant diseases affect the oil amount and properties of flaxseed. By applying heat and various extraction treatments to flaxseed, the storage ability of the seed is increased by the removal of moisture, and the stability of phytochemicals in the seed against heat can be determined.RESULTSTotal carotenoid and phenol of flaxseeds changed from 0.13 (control) and 0.61 mg g−1 (120 °C) to 202.64 (control and 90 °C) and 225.69 mg 100 g−1 (120 °C), respectively. While total flavonoid of flaxseed roasted at different temperatures varied between 636.0 (90 °C) and 786.00 mg 100 g−1 (120 °C), antioxidant activity values for raw and roasted flaxseeds between 59.32% (control) and 68.64% (120 °C) were recorded. Oil content of seeds changed between 34.07 and 42.57% (P < 0.05). Viscosity of flaxseed oil extracted using different systems was between 31.95 (cold‐pressed; control) and 36.00 mPa s (ultrasonic; 120 °C). The dominant phenolics of flaxseeds were identified as isorhamnetin, resveratrol, quercetin, catechin, apigenin‐7‐glucoside and campherol. The oils of flaxseeds contained 55.27–58.23 linolenic, 17.40–18.91 oleic, 14.03–14.84 linoleic and 4.97–5.37 palmitic acids, depending on extraction method and roasting temperature.CONCLUSIONRoasting and oil extraction methods did not have a significant effect on free acidity, but was found to affect peroxide value. The predominant phenolic constituents of flaxseed samples were isorhamnetin, resveratrol, quercetin, catechin, apigenin‐7‐glucoside and campherol, respectively. The major fatty acids of flaxseed oil were determined as linolenic, oleic, linoleic and palmitic. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Paraglacial transformation and ice‐dammed lake dynamics in a high Arctic glacier foreland, Gåsbreen, Svalbard
Authors: Dudek Justyna , Wieczorek Iwo , Suwiński Mateusz K. , Strzelecki Mateusz C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe structural change of the Svalbard landscape from glacially dominated to paraglacial, that has taken place since the termination of the Little Ice Age (ca. 1900) is expressed by the widespread retreat of glaciers and progressive exposure of glacial landforms. This study provides insights into the rate of post‐LIA deglaciation and associated paraglacial transformation in the foreland of Gåsbreen, one of the first ever investigated glacier systems in the Arctic. Glacier is situated in Sørkapp Land (Southern Spitsbergen), a region characterized by one of the fastest deglaciation rates in the entire Svalbard Archipelago. During the investigated period, 1938–2020, the Gåsbreen was in a recession that accelerated after 1990, leading to its foreland increasing from 2.2 to 5.8 km2. The dynamics of landscape change in the glacier foreland, exposed since the end of LIA, manifested in i.e. the formation of ice‐dammed lakes, degradation in the surface of ice‐cored moraines and the landforms that are underlain by dead‐ice. Mass movements and debris flow on ice‐cored moraines and fluvioglacial processes had a great influence on this transformation. Enhanced proglacial runoff intensified denudation, transport and accumulation of sediments, which resulted, in: an increase in the extent of sandurs and proglacial riverbeds, an increase in the area of glacial lakes, extending and changing of the course of rivers in the glacier foreland. At the same time, the major lake system in the area—Goësvatnet underwent several cycles of filling and draining, often through glacial outburst flooding events.
Attenuation of amyloid‐β‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction by active components of anthocyanins in HT22 neuronal cells
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Pan , Hou Ming‐Jie , Zhu Bao Ting 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a common form of neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Amyloid‐β (Aβ)‐associated neurotoxicity is an important component of the neurodegenerative change in AD. Recent studies have revealed a beneficial effect of anthocyanins in improving learning and memory in AD animal models. Using cultured HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells as an in vitro model, we examined in this study the protective effect of ten pure components of anthocyanins against Aβ42‐induced cytotoxicity and also investigated the mechanism of their protective effects. We found that treatment of HT22 cells with the pure components of anthocyanins dose‐dependently rescued Aβ42‐induced cytotoxicity, with slightly different potencies. Using petunidin as a representative compound, we found that it enhanced mitochondrial homeostasis and function in Aβ42‐treated HT22 cells. Mechanistically, petunidin facilitated β‐catenin nuclear translocation and enhanced the interaction between β‐catenin and TCF7, which subsequently upregulated mitochondrial homeostasis‐related protein Mfn2, thereby promoting restoration of mitochondrial homeostasis and function in Aβ42‐treated HT22 cells. Together, these results reveal that the pure components of anthocyanins have a strong protective effect in HT22 cells against Aβ42‐induced cytotoxicity by ameliorating mitochondrial homeostasis and function in a β‐catenin/TCF‐dependent manner.
Mutational spectrum in a Chinese cohort with congenital cataracts
Authors: Liu Hong‐Li , Zhang Dao‐Wei , Hu Fang‐Yuan , Xu Ping , Zhang Sheng‐Hai , Wu Ji‐Hong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo identify the mutational spectrum in a Chinese cohort with congenital cataracts.MethodsProbands (n = 164) with congenital cataracts and their affected or unaffected available family members were recruited for clinical examinations and panel‐based next‐generation sequencing, then classified into a cohort for further mutational analysis.ResultsAfter recruitment (n = 442; 228 males and 214 females), 49.32% (218/442) of subjects received a clinical diagnosis of congenital cataracts, and 56.88% (124/218) of patients received a molecular diagnosis. Eighty‐four distinct variants distributed among 43 different genes, including 42 previously reported variants and 42 novel variants, were detected, and 49 gene variants were causally associated with patient phenotypes; 27.37% of variants (23/84) were commonly detected in PAX6, GJA8 and CRYGD, and the three genes covered 33.06% of cases (41/124) with molecular diagnosis. The majority of genes were classified as genes involved in nonsyndromic congenital cataracts (19/43, 44.19%) and were responsible for 56.45% of cases (70/124). The majority of functional and nucleotide changes were missense variants (53/84, 63.10%) and substitution variants (74/84, 88.10%), respectively. Nine de novo variants were identified.ConclusionThis study provides a reference for individualized genetic counseling and further extends the mutational spectrum of congenital cataracts.
Delivering CAR‐T cells into solid tumors via hydrogels
Authors: Wu Shun‐Yu , Ji Feng , Xu Bin , Wu Fu‐Gen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cell therapy is a promising form of cancer immunotherapy that genetically modifies a patient's own T cells to express CARs for the specific recognition and eradication of cancer cells. Unfortunately, unlike the impressive advancements it achieves in hematologic cancer treatment, CAR‐T cell therapy has encountered obstacles in treating solid tumors such as high cost, inadequate tumor infiltration, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Recently, the regional administration of CAR‐T cells via hydrogel platforms has been investigated as a potential method to not only promote tumor infiltration, cell expansion, and anticancer efficacy of the CAR‐T cells but also provide a multifunctional platform to introduce additional therapeutic agents for achieving potentiated cancer therapy. In this perspective, different design strategies of CAR‐T cell delivery hydrogels are introduced. Besides, various types of therapeutic agents incorporated in the hydrogel platforms and diverse hydrogel formulations have been discussed. The current challenges and future research directions on CAR‐T cell delivery hydrogels are also proposed. It is hoped that this perspective can help future researchers develop new CAR‐T cell delivery hydrogels that can effectively fight against solid tumors.
Mammary‐analog secretory carcinoma in children: Surgery or TRK inhibitors first?
Authors: Moreddu Eric , André Nicolas , Appay Romain 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe report two cases of pediatric mammary‐analog secretory carcinoma (MASC), a male operated on at age 8 and a female operated on at 12, who are in remission 2 years after surgery. The diagnosis of MASC was challenging and established by identifying theETV6::NTRK3fusion transcript in both cases. Given the excellent results of TRK inhibitor treatments in adult MASC and pediatric tumors expressing anETV6::NTRK3fusion, they should probably be prescribed as first‐line treatment in cases requiring surgery with foreseeable serious sequelae or metastatic disease.
Phase separation patterned films of natural materials: Preparation of mixed monolayers of nanocellulose integrates and organo‐modified nanoclays
Authors: Sugita Shogo , Nakada Ryoma , Fujimori Atsuhiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMixed monolayers of cellulose acetate and organo‐modified montmorillonite were prepared on a water surface, and their morphologies and structures were evaluated. Cellulose acetate exhibited an integrated morphology of cellulose nanofibers. A mixed monolayer of nanocellulose and organo‐modified montmorillonite was found to be a phase‐separated system in the surface pressure‐area isotherm analysis. The surface morphology of the mixed film formed a patterned surface in which clay nanoparticles and nanofibers coexisted. As the cellulose acetate ratio in the mixed film increased, the size of the clay nanoparticles decreased. The surface free energy of the mixed film was intermediate between those of the two components; however, it showed the most hydrophilic characteristic by being wettable by water. The layered structure of the mixed films showed a longer spacing value than that of the organo‐modified nanoclay film, indicating a change in orientation. In contrast, the in‐plane order was amorphous, and no improvement in periodicity or crystallinity was observed even after annealing. In addition, the clay part of the phase‐separated film exhibited selective molecular adsorption ability, and it was possible to form adsorbent patterns.
Functions of lysine 2‐hydroxyisobutyrylation and future perspectives on plants
Authors: Zhang Ning , Wang Sisheng , Tian Hongyan , Li Songgang , Liu Lulu , Li Jiaqi , Chen Daiying , Zhao Simin , Yan Xiangning , Niaz Mohsin , Zhao Lei , Ren Yan , Chen Feng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLysine 2‐hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) is a novel protein post‐translational modifications (PTMs) observed in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Recent studies suggested that this novel PTM has the potential to regulate different proteins in various pathways. Khib is regulated by lysine acyltransferases and deacylases. This novel PTM reveals interesting connections between modifications and protein physiological functions, including gene transcription, glycolysis and cell growth, enzymic activity, sperm motility, and aging. Here, we review the discovery and the current understanding of this PTM. Then, we outline the networks of complexity of interactions among PTMs in plants, and raise possible directions of this novel PTM for future investigations in plants.
Clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic castrate‐resistant prostate cancer treated with abiraterone with or without ongoing androgen deprivation therapy: A retrospective case–control study
Authors: Arafa Ali T. , Blader Leah R. , Ramakrishna Karan , Engle Jeff , Ryan Charles J. , Zorko Nicholas A. , Jha Gautam , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionAbiraterone and concurrent androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) are used in the treatment of patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer. Recently, it has been suggested that the use of abiraterone alone (without ADT) may have comparable efficacy to abiraterone with ongoing ADT. Here, we sought to assess the impact of ADT cessation in patients beginning abiraterone for castration‐resistant prostate cancer.MethodsWe identified 39 patients at our institution who received abiraterone alone (with discontinuation of ADT) between 2011 and 2022. We then procured a comparable group of 39 patients (matched by age, Gleason score, and prostate‐specific antigen [PSA] level) who received abiraterone with ongoing ADT during the same period. We assessed and compared clinical outcomes in the two groups (abiraterone‐alone vs. abiraterone‐ADT) with respect to PSA response rates, PSA progression‐free survival, and overall survival. Results were adjusted using Cox proportional‐hazards multivariable models.ResultsThe median PSA before treatment initiation was 12.7 (range: 0.2–199) ng/mL in the abiraterone‐alone group and 15.5 (range: 0.6–212) ng/mL in the abiraterone‐ADT group. Use of abiraterone alone adequately suppressed testosterone levels in 35/37 (94.6%) patients. Patients receiving abiraterone alone had a median PSA reduction of 80.2% versus 79.5% in patients receiving abiraterone plus ADT. The median PSA progression‐free survival in patients receiving abiraterone alone was 27.4 versus 25.8 months in patients receiving abiraterone plus ADT (hazard ratio [HR] 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–1.71; p = 0.82). In addition, abiraterone alone was associated with an overall survival of 3.6 versus 3.1 years in patients receiving abiraterone plus ADT (HR 0.90; 95% CI 0.50–1.62; p = 0.72). There were no differences in PFS or OS between groups after performing Cox multivariable regression analyses.ConclusionUse of abiraterone alone was associated with comparable clinical outcomes to patients who received abiraterone together with ADT. Further prospective studies are warranted to evaluate the impact of abiraterone alone on treatment outcomes and cost savings.
Patient perspectives on pulmonary hypertension in the United States: Burdens, expectations, and goals
Authors: Braley Kirsten , Richardson Kathleen , Whitley Lenise , Werner Katie , Appleby Linda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life‐threatening, debilitating disease caused by increased blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries. As patients living in the United States, we have unique insights into the journey from diagnosis and treatment within the US healthcare system and the significant impact that PH has on our quality of life. While there have recently been advances in PH management, there are several areas of PH care which we feel should be reassessed and improved. Commonly, diagnosis is lengthy and convoluted due to the rarity of the disease and limited knowledge of PH in primary care. There are also barriers to obtaining the right treatment and we feel that a more holistic approach to care is needed. Mental health is commonly overlooked and should be an integral part of patient care, as should elements such as nutritional advice, cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, and sexual health. PH patient associations play a key role in providing social, educational, and financial support to patients and caregivers alongside PH research and advocacy. As patients, we feel that we need to advocate for correct diagnosis, timely referral, and optimal treatment, in addition to overcoming the financial and/or administrative hurdles to obtain these. We propose several future goals to help empower patients to play an active, central role in their care and to improve all aspects of PH management. We advocate for further use of the patient voice in research and clinical development programs, including the use of patient‐reported outcomes that have been developed with patient input.
What do we know so far about the research‐teaching nexus in Initial Teacher Training? Findings from a systematic review
Authors: Wang Yuqian , Newton Douglas , Moger Pauline , Ion Georgeta , Arnau‐Sabates Laura 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInitial Teacher Education (ITE) Programmes comprise campus‐based teaching sessions and school practice. This article carries out a systematic review from the context of Initial Teacher Education programmes in Higher Education, using the term ‘nexus’ to summarise the various ways research is integrated into campus‐based teaching, and the various forms of research‐informed teaching in school placement within ITE programmes. The review focused on empirical studies, written in either English or Spanish between 2015 to 2022, that report on this nexus—17 articles written in English met all the inclusion criteria, but none written in Spanish. The nexus is manifested on three levels: the intended level (related to courses), the implemented level (concerning campus‐based teaching), and the impact level (among pre‐service teachers). The nexus appears on the intended level through how courses and associated focal points for pedagogical practice are engineered and systematically designed to integrate research and teaching. On the implemented level, the nexus emerges in teacher educators' emphasis on epistemic connections between research and current school practice, and this highlights the identities of teacher educators and their professional development needs. On the impact level, the nexus means achieving harmony between, on the one hand, what pre‐service teachers have learnt from researching and, on the other, real social contexts—cognitively, affectively and self‐efficaciously. Discussion of these results provides a working definition of the research‐teaching nexus: for both teacher educators and pre‐service teachers to use the products and processes of research to enhance the effectiveness of teaching, either in campus‐teaching or school placement practice.
Learning from the Many, Teaching to the Many: Applying Ecojustice Principles to Undergraduate Pedagogy in Environmental Science, Ecology, and Sustainability Classrooms
Authors: Heskel Mary A. , Mergenthal Jennings G. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we introduce our perspectives and guidance for authentically integrating principles of EcoJustice – transparency of and access to information, diversity of cultural perspectives, and equity in decision-making - into undergraduate ecology and environmental science classrooms. As a professor of ecology and a recently graduated undergraduate student of biology and history, we found that EcoJustice can act as an inspiration and source of content and a framework to guide authentic, growth-focused pedagogy. Inclusion of diverse cultural perspectives on how science is performed may deepen connection to content in students representing marginalized communities and broaden discussions and understanding of what science is. We detail the benefits of broadening science pedagogy and pivoting from a practice where single actors and sources of knowledge are emphasized to one that emphasizes a more authentic, diverse, and democratic representation of science. We focus on the strengths of including multiple perspectives on pedagogy and sources of knowledge in the classroom. To promote inclusion, we suggest multiple assessments that emphasize individuality, creativity, application, and fun – often sorely missing from undergraduate classrooms. Finally, we offer guiding questions for faculty and student leaders to reflect on while developing courses and structuring learning environments that value and promote authenticity.
Panel Three: Environmental Justice, March 26, 2021
Authors: Cook Elizabeth M. , Karuka Manu , Simms Angela M. , Jurich Joscelyn , Dinoor Yuval , Elkis Rachel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this panel discussion, Elizabeth M. Cook (Environmental Science), Manu Karuka (American Studies), and Angela M. Simms (Sociology and Urban Studies) discuss environmental justice, urban ecology, racism, the politics of race, and stewardship and how they teach about these ideas in courses in their respective disciplines.