bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical immunology: processes, models and data assimilation
Authors: Grebennikov Dmitry S. , Zheltkova Valeriya V. , Savinkov Rostislav S. , Bocharov Gennady A. 
Published: July 2023

The immune system is a complex multiscale multiphysical object. Understanding its functioning in the frame of systemic analysis implies the use of mathematical modelling, formulation of data consistency criterion, estimation of parameters, uncertainty analysis, and optimal model selection. In this work, we present some promising approaches to modelling the multi-physics immune processes, i.e., cell migration in lymph nodes (LN), lymph flow, homeostatic regulation of immune responses in chronic infections.
To describe the spatial-temporal dynamics of immune responses in lymph LN, we propose a model of lymphocyte migration, based on the second Newtons law and considering three kinds of forces. The empirical distributions of three lymphocytes motility characteristics were used for model calibration using the KolmogorovSmirnov metric.
Prediction of lymph flow in a lymph node requires costly computations, due to diversity of sizes, forms, inner structure of LNs and boundary conditions. We proposed an approach to lymph flow modelling based on replacing the full-fledged computational physics-based model with an artificial neural network (ANN), trained on the set of pre-formed results computed using an initial mechanistic model. The ANN-based model reduces the computational time for some lymph flow characteristics by four orders of magnitude.
Calibration of MarchukPetrov model of antiviral immune response for SARS-CoV-2 infection was performed. To this end, we used previously published data on the viral load kinetics in nasopharynx of volunteers, and data on the observed ranges of interferon, antibodies and CTLs in the blood. The parameters, which have the most significant impact at different stages of infection process, were identified.
Inhibition of immune mechanisms, e.g., T cell exhaustion, is a distinctive feature of chronic viral infections and malignant diseases. We propose a mathematical model for the studies of regulation parameters of four exhausted T cell subsets in order to examine the balance of their proliferation and differentiation determined by interaction with SIRPa+ PD-L1+ and XCR+1 dendritic cells. The model parameters are evaluated, in order to study the reinvigoration effect of aPD-L1 therapy on the homeostasis of exhausted cells.
Immunoregulatory effects of local and systemic use of melatonin in experimental thermal trauma
Authors: Osikov Michael V. , Ageeva Anna A. , Boyko Margarita S. , Ageev Yuriy I. 
Published: July 2023

High incidence of thermal trauma (TT), increased risk of infectious and non-infectious short- and long-term complications, and limited effectiveness of the therapeutic approaches are the main pre-requisites for searching and pathogenetic justification of new therapies. E.g., melatonin, an endogenous homeostatic regulator with pleiotropic properties, deserves special attention. The aim of the work was to study the effect of local application (as an original dermal film) and systemic usage of melatonin upon concentrations of circulating TNF and IL-4 in the course of experimental thermal trauma.
The rates of wound epithelization were expressed as per cent values. The plasma concentrations of IL-4, TNF were determined with automatic enzyme immunoassay analyzer Personal LAB (Italy).
In the series with TT, the rate of wound epithelization increased from the 5th to the 20th day of experiment. When using dermal films with MT in experimental TT on days +5, +10 and +20, an increase in the rate of wound epithelization was registered. Under the conditions of intraperitoneal MT injection in experimental TT, the rate of wound epithelization increased on days +10 and +20. A correlation analysis revealed stronger interrelations observed when applying dermal films with MT in thermal trauma, rather than in series with intraperitoneal usage of MT thus suggesting faster repair processes in the first case, along with diminished area of alterations and decreased amounts of cytokines in serum.
In experimental TT, the concentrations of TNF and IL-4 increase in blood serum on days +5, +10 and +20. On days +10 and +20, moderate positive associations were recorded between the rate of wound epithelialization and the concentration of serum cytokines. Upon intraperitoneal use of MT in experimental TT, on days +5, +10 and +20, the rate of epithelization increases, along with decrease of TNF concentration on days +10 and +20. On days +5, +10 and +20, moderate negative associations were recorded between the rate of wound epithelization and the concentration of TNF. Under the conditions of using DP with MT with TT, the rate of wound epithelization increases on days 5, 10 and 20, the concentration of TNF decreases in serum, the concentration of IL-4 decreases on day +10. On days +5, +10 and +20, the negative correlations were recorded between the rate of wound epithelization and serum concentrations of TNF and IL-4. A comparative efficiency analysis of MT-containing dermal films versus intraperitoneal use of MT in experimental thermal trauma revealed a more accelerated epithelization of the wound along with earlier decrease in TNF, a greater number and strength of relationships between the rate of the wound epithelization and concentrations of cytokines in blood serum.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN ACTIVE LEARNING POSTER COMMENT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA KURIKULUM MERDEKA
Authors: Nisa Mufroda Alfiatun , Tirtoni Feri 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study to determine the effect of active learning poster comment learning outcomes of students in Grade IV-A on the independent curriculum contained in one of the primary schools in the District Krembung, to the subject matter of Pancasila “attitudes and actions according to the precepts of pancasila” to determine how much influence active learning poster comment learning outcomes of students. The population of this study was all students totaling 20 students, consisting of 9 male students and 11 female students. In this study using saturated samples, where all members of the population sampled. The research method is a quantitative method of Preexperiment and data processing using SPSS program. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that the application of active learning poster comment has an influence on the learning outcomes of Pancasila students in the merdeka curriculum. From the results of filling the objective test shows that student learning outcomes improved after applying active learning poster comment compared to before applying active learning poster comment. From the results of the T-test hypothesis test shows that the mean Pretest is worth 55.10 and Posttest is worth 84.75 and the significance value is 0.00 < 0.05 which means the influence of active learning poster comment learning on the learning outcomes of Pancasila students in the independent curriculum.
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran active learning poster comment terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas IV pada kurikulum merdeka yang terdapat pada salah satu sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Prambon, terhadap materi pelajaran Pancasila yang digunakan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh pembelajaran active learning poster comment terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa yang berjumlah 14 siswa, terdiri dari 12 siswa laki-laki dan 2 siswa perempuan. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sampel jenuh, dimana semua anggota populasi dijadikan sampel. Adapun metode penelitian ini adalah metode Kuantitatif PreEksperimen dan pengolahan data menggunakan program SPSS. Berdasarkan pada hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran aktif poster comment terdapat pengaruh pada hasil belajar Pancasila siswa di kurikulum merdeka. Dari hasil pengisian tes obyektif menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa lebih meningkat setelah menerapkan active learning poster comment dibandingkan dengan sebelum menerapkan active learning poster comment. Dari hasil hipotesis Uji T-test menunjukkan bahwa mean Pretest bernilai 70,29 dan Posttest bernilai 88,29 dan pada nilai signifikansi 0,00 < 0,05 yang artinya adanya pengaruh pembelajaran active learning poster comment terhadap hasil belajar mata pelajaran Pancasila siswa pada kurikulum merdeka.
LEARNERS MOTIVATION OF PPA TUNAS KASIH ID0811 AND NON-PPA STUDENTS AT SDN 02 MAKALE UTARA
Authors: Santopar Enas Tavia , Tangkearung Sefrin S. , Panggalo Iindarda S. 
Published: July 2023

This research was conducted based on the phenomenon at SDN 02 Makale Utara which showed a diversity of learning motivation between Non-PPA students and Child Development Center (PPA) students. This study aims to determine the difference in learning motivation between Non-PPA students and Child Development Center (PPA) students. The benefits of this research enrich the study of the learning motivation of Non-PPA students and Child Development Center (PPA) students in the world of Education. This type of research is comparative research. The study population was students of SDN 02 Makale Utara class IV, V, VI, and as a sample was the total number of 6 classes, then only 3 classes were taken with 10 children each class consisted of 5 Non-PPA students AND 5 PPA students classes IV, V and VI. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique. Data collection methods and tools using learning motivation scales. The data analysis technique used is percentage descriptive analysis. The results showed a difference in learning motivation between Non-PPA students and Child Development Center (PPA) students. The percentage difference in learning motivation of Non-PPA students with PPA students based on indicators shows that the percentage value of PPA students is higher than Non-PPA students. Thus, there is a significant difference in learning motivation between Non-PPA students and Child Development Center (PPA) students, namely higher learning motivation of Child Development Center (PPA) students compared to Non-PPA students
Lead Time Management Strategies and Performance of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Firms in Kenya
Authors: Mwandotto Priscilla , Muli Samuel 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of lead-time strategies on performance in pharmaceutical manufacturing firms in Kenya.
Methodology: The study employed a cross sectional survey approach and concentrated on 30 Kenyan registered pharmaceutical companies. Officials working in production, distribution, logistics, and warehouse functions in all pharmaceutical registered enterprises in Kenya would be the unit of observation. The study employed census and purposive sampling methods. The data was obtained through the use of a questionnaire. The pilot data was validated for completeness, consistency, and reliability. The collected data was sorted, coded, and then put into the Statistical Package For social sciences (SPSS version 28). Tables were used to present the study's findings.
Results: The findings revealed that lead time management strategies namely customer integration, supplier rationalization, product standardization, and inventory optimization had a positive significant influence on performance of pharmaceutical manufacturing firms. The study concluded that Pharmaceutical Manufacturing firms in Kenya had implemented the aforementioned lead-time strategies with the aim of improving their firm performance.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Supply chain management theory is advanced by studying lead-time methods and pharmaceutical manufacturing performance. It adds to current understanding by providing Kenyan-specific theoretical and empirical insights. The research also advances operations management theory by studying how lead-time strategies affect pharmaceutical manufacturing organizations. It fills a literature gap by providing insights into Kenya's pharmaceutical sector's operations and results. Kenyan pharmaceutical manufacturers may consider the study's lead-time strategy. With the research's insights, managers can improve supply chain operations, lead times, and operational performance. The study's findings can inform government plans to enhance Kenya's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. By examining lead-time plans and performance, policymakers can target actions to improve the sector's competitiveness, efficiency, and public health. The report underlines the importance of industry standards for pharmaceutical lead time management. The study's findings can help industry groups and regulators set lead-time standards and best practices, improving performance and competitiveness. Scholars, legislators, and businesspeople share knowledge through the project. By spreading research findings through conferences, workshops, and publications, it encourages stakeholders to work together to tackle pharmaceutical production lead-time strategy difficulties and possibilities.
ESTUDO AVALIATIVO DO SISTEMA WOOD FRAME EM COMPARAÇÃO AO SISTEMA DE ALVENARIA CONVENCIONAL PARA RESIDÊNCIAS POPULARES
Authors: Roza Érico Clévio da , Favretto Julia 
Published: July 2023

A construção civil é um dos setores que mais geram emprego no Brasil, sendo de grande relevância para a economia do país. Em contrapartida, é um setor que causa grandes impactos ambientais. Na tentativa de novas possibilidades que buscam a redução na utilização de recursos naturais, os sistemas industrializados se destacam. O presente trabalho tem como propósito comparar o sistema construtivo alvenaria convencional com o método Wood frame. O Wood frame é composto por sistema estrutural em madeira reflorestada, revestido com painéis. Deste modo, este trabalho busca analisar as vantagens e desvantagens do sistema Wood frame em relação ao tradicional, através de uma análise comparativa, desenvolvida a partir de estudos bibliográficos, avaliando pontos como custo de construção, conforto termoacústico, sustentabilidade e aspectos ambientais, resistência ao fogo e manutenção. Para cada um dos pontos foram atribuídos pesos e notas, sendo calculado o valor de viabilidade, concedido por uma equação matemática, servindo assim como parâmetro geral para a avaliação. Portanto, foi possível constatar que o método Wood frame apresentou vantagens nos resultados obtidos, principalmente nos pontos sustentabilidade, conforto termoacústico e facilidade de manutenção. Com isso, este sistema tem potencial para ser aplicado em projetos para residências populares.
Frequency of Missing Dose of Anti-Diabetic Medications and its Impact on Blood Glucose Levels Among Patients of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Shafat Khatoon  , Sadia Batool  , Shajee Ahmed Siddique  , Rubina Ahmed  , Akhter Ali Bandesha  , Muhammad Aqeel  
Published: July 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of missed medications and its association with glycemic control among patients of diabetes mellitus.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Outpatient Department of Medicine, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, from January 2022 to June 2022. Patients with type-1 or type-2 diabetes mellitus who visited the outpatient department and had a disease duration of at least six months were included in the study. Participants might be either gender and ranged in age from 18 to 70. Along with sociodemographic information, characteristics of diabetes mellitus were recorded including fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, kinds of DM, drugs used, and family history of DM. All patients' frequency of missing diabetic mellitus prescription doses was also assessed.
Results: In a total of 230 patients of DM, 148 (64.3%) were male. The mean age was a 45.00Â±12.48 year. Family history of diabetes was present in 113 (49.1%) patients. There were 215 (93.5%) patients who had type 2 DM while remaining 15 (6.5%) were type-1 DM. Mean duration of DM was 7.63Â±7.6 years. It was found that 105 (45.7%) patients were using both oral and insulin. It was noted that 30 (13.0%) patients were missing their DM medications daily, 43 (18.7%) most frequently, 21 (9.1%) frequently and 54 (23.5%) missed their DM medications/dosages occasionally. It was observed that statistically significant differences existed for blood glucose parameters and frequency of missed medications (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: Vast majority of diabetes mellitus patients were found to miss their anti-diabetic medications. Missed medication frequency was significantly linked with higher blood glucose levels.
Facial Analysis Technology for Pain Detection: A Potentially Useful Tool for People Living With Dementia
Authors: Brett Kendra , Severn Melissa 
Published: July 2023

Pain is a common symptom for people living with dementia; however, older adults with cognitive impairments or dementia are less likely to be diagnosed with pain or receive appropriate pain management, which may lead to misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatments.
PainChek is a point-of-care app that aims to support care providers with the detection of pain for those who cannot reliably communicate their pain, including adults living with dementia.
This Horizon Scan summarizes information regarding effectiveness, cost, availability, and some of the issues to consider should PainChek or other artificial intelligence–enabled pain detection apps be widely implemented.
Treatment of Adult Patients With Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenia After Failure of First-Line Therapies
Authors: CADTH  
Published: July 2023

What is the issue?

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by low platelets and an increase in bleeding risk. It has an incidence rate of 3.3 per 100,000 adults per year.
After first-line corticosteroid treatment, there is limited evidence on the best subsequent-line therapies based on evidence of low certainty. Subsequent therapies after failure of corticosteroid use include several treatments, such as rituximab, eltrombopag, romiplostim, fostamatinib, avatrombopag, and splenectomy.
The goal of treatment is to reduce bleeding and prolong life. Increases in platelet count are considered a surrogate to these treatment goals.

What did we do?

We conducted a narrative review of 15 publications (10 randomized controlled trials) found through a systematic literature search.
The review addressed the following policy questions:

What treatment(s) should be used in adult patients with ITP who have failed first-line treatments?
What is the place in therapy of splenectomy in adult patients with ITP?

What did we find?

We found that eltrombopag and romiplostim increased platelet count response and improved ITP symptoms and health-related quality of life compared to placebo.
Interpretation of the effectiveness of avatrombopag, rituximab, and fostamatinib was inconclusive due to the limited availability of evidence and varying risks of bias in the trials.
There was a lack of evidence in specific subgroups of patients and on the role of splenectomy in the sequency of subsequent-line therapies.
Further research is needed to compensate for clinical data gaps to inform an appropriate and relevant economic evaluation.

What does this mean?

CADTH suggests that jurisdictions may consider requesting that an implementation advice panel be conducted to bring together clinical experts to suggest measures (e.g., discontinuation criteria) to manage the clinical and economic uncertainty identified in this report.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Diskusi melalui Metode Diskusi The Power of Five Peserta Didik Kelas IX MTsN 4 Blitar
Authors: Sulistiani Nanik - 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAK
Rumusan masalah dari karya tulis ilmiah ini apakah metode diskusi The Power of Five dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks diskusi peserta didik kelas IX MTsN 4 Blitar? Bagaimanakah cara meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks diskusi melalui metode diskusi The Power of Five peserta didik kelas IX MTsN 4 Blitar? Penulis berharap dapat mendeskripsikan bahwa metode diskusi The Power of Five dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks diskusi peserta didik kelas IX MTsN 4 Blitar
Manfaat yang dapat diperoleh dari karya tulis ilmiah bagi madrasah adalah kreativitas guru dalam mengajar yang tentunya berdampak pada hasil belajar peserta didik yang maksimal. Kreativitas mengunakan metode mengajar membuat suasana belajar tidak monoton. Bagi guru guru terus mengadakan inovasi pembelajaran. Selain menghilangkan kejenuhan karena rutinitas mengajar juga menyumbangkan pemikiran bahwasanya mengajar tidak hanya mentransfer ilmu melainkan menyampaikan amanat kemanusiaan lewat metode mengajar yang beragam. Materi pelajaran penting tetapi yang lebih utama adalah metode penyampaian materi tersebut.
Didapat bukti bahwa metode diskusi The Power of Five dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks diskusi peserta didik kelas IX MTsN 4 Blitar.
Kata kunci: teks diskusi, the power of five, metode diskusi
PERAN DALIHAN NA TOLU DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDIDIKAN IPA PADA ETNOSAINS: PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT
Authors: Siagian Gunaria , Wulandari Titis , Lufri Lufri , Asrizai Asrizai , Hardeli Hardeli 
Published: July 2023

Konsep yang mendasar dalam organisasi adat Batak Toba adalah marga. Marga adalah sekelompok orang yang berasal dari kakek yang sama dan mengikuti garis keturunan dari sang ayah yang disebut patrilineal. Adat Batak Toba, terjalin erat hubungan kekerabatan dengan“Dalihan na tolu”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tentang pendidikan IPA multidimensional pada etnosains Dalihan na tolu dalam perpektif ontologi, epistemologi, dan aksiologi. Studi ini merupakan studi literatur (library reseach) dengan sumber data berupa artikel penelitian terdahulu yang memiliki topik terkait pendidikan IPA, konsep IPA, etnosains, dan Dalihan na tolu dengan menggunakan metode literature review artikel tahun terbit 2017-2022, menggunakan keyword atau kata kunci Dalihan na tolu. Dengan tahapan yaitu: (1) Pencarian dan penyajian literatur, (2) Proses analisis, (3) Penyusunan artikel. Hasil penelitian bahwa (1) hakikat pembelajaran IPA dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga dimensi yaitu IPA sebagai produk, IPA sebagai Proses, dan IPA sebagai sikap; (2) Dalihan na tolu merupakan falsafah yang menjadi bagian tak terpisahkan dari kehidupan masyarakat Batak Toba (3) etnosains dalihan na tolu unsur konsep kekeluargaan dan dapat diintegrasikan dalam konsep IPA seperti mata pelajaran Biologi, Matematika, dan Fisika (4) beberapa model pembelajaran dengan pendekatan etnosains dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep, keterampilan proses sains, sikap konservasi, dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik.
PENGEMBANGAN E-JOBSHEET DENGAN LIVEWORKSHEET UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS PRAKTIK SISWA SMK
Authors: Alfia Amriansyah , Siahaan Sardianto Markos , Wiyono Ketang , Raharjo Makmum , Safitri Erna Retna 
Published: July 2023

This study uses the Research and Development method which is applied to product assembly skills. This research targets the students of class XII TKR SMKN 1 Sungai Lilin. The research model used was Alessi & Trollip, while the validators came from experts in their respective fields related to this research: material, media, and language experts. This research has produced a valid, practical, and effective product on the product assembly skills e-job sheet to increase the effectiveness of Vocational High School students practice. Material professional validation acquired a rating of 87.2, media professional 87.1, and linguist 88.3 in order that the product evolved became a totally valid category, with a practicality degree of 83.4 labeled as very practical, and an e-job sheet with a powerful live worksheet for growing the meeting of items merchandise with a cost of tcount > ttabel, specifically 16.491 > 2.015 or sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05.