bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measures of women's empowerment based on individual-level data: a literature review with a focus on the methodological approaches
Authors: Costa Janaína Calu , Saad Ghada E. , Hellwig Franciele , Maia Maria Fatima S. , Barros Aluísio J. D. 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundQuantifying women's empowerment has become the focus of attention of many international organizations and scholars. We aimed to describe quantitative indicators of women's empowerment that are based on individual-level data.MethodsIn this scoping review, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google, and Google Scholar for publications describing the operationalization of measures of women's empowerment.ResultsWe identified 36 studies published since 2004, half of them since 2019, and most from low- and middle-income countries. Twelve studies were based on data from the Demographic and Health Surveys and used 56 different variables from the questionnaires (ranging from one to 25 per study) to measure the overall empowerment of women 15–49 years. One study focused on rural women, two included married and unmarried women, and one analyzed the couple's responses. Factor analysis and principal component analysis were the most common approaches used. Among the 24 studies based on other surveys, ten analyzed overall empowerment, while the others addressed sexual and reproductive health (4 studies), agriculture (3) and livestock (1), water and sanitation (2), nutrition (2), agency (1), and psychological empowerment (1). These measures were mainly based on data from single countries and factor analysis was the most frequently analytical method used. We observed a diversity of indicator definitions and domains and a lack of consensus in terms of what the proposed indicators measure.ConclusionThe proposed women's empowerment indicators represent an advance in the field of gender and development monitoring. However, the empowerment definitions used vary widely in concept and in the domains/dimensions considered, which, in turn influence or are influenced by the adopted methodologies. It remains a challenge to find a balance between the need for a measure suitable for comparisons across populations and over time and the incorporation of country-specific elements.
Comparison of interfragmentary compression across simulated condylar fractures repaired using four techniques
Authors: Brabon Ashley , Hughes Kristopher James , Labens Raphael 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionEquine condylar fractures are commonly repaired using cortex screws applied in lag fashion. Inadequate interfragmentary compression can lead to post-operative complications.MethodsLateral condylar fractures were simulated in 21 cadaver limbs (8 third metatarsals, 13 third metacarpals). In each limb, pressure-sensitive film (Prescale®, Fuji Photo Film Co.) was placed in each osteotomy prior to repair with 4.5 mm diameter cortex screws placed in lag fashion. Screws were placed in linear (L), triangular (T), linear plus a washer (LW) and sequentially tightened triangular configurations (TD1). All screws were tightened to a torque of 4 Nm. Pressure prints obtained were scanned using dedicated software (Fuji FPD-8010E, Fuji Photo Film Co.). A Bayesian Network (BN) model was developed to investigate the impact and interrelationship of each factor on interfragmentary compression. Sixty-three repairs (20*L, 24* T, 11*TD1, and 8*LW) performed on 21 limbs were included in the analysis.ResultsThe BN predicted mean contact area (±s.d.) for pressures within the operating range of the prescale film [≥2.5 Megapascals (MPa) ≤ 10 MPa] by L, T, TD1 and LW repairs were 403mm2 ± (140), 411 mm2 ± (120), 403 mm2 ± (120), and 366mm2 ± (70). The mean contact area (± s.d.) created by L, T, TD1 and LW repairs at pressures &gt;10 MPa were 112 mm2 ± (48), 167 mm2 ± (67), 142 mm2 ± (50), and 100mm2 ± (27). When pressures ≥2.5 MPA to ≤10 MPa were considered, the construct (T or L), washer and screw tightening sequence variables had a very low effect on interfragmentary contact area. At pressures &gt;10 MPa BN sensitivity findings were 16.3, 5.03, and 0.133% for construct, washer and screw tightening sequence. The BN model indicated that triangular repair configuration had a weak influence in the ≥2.5 MPa ≤ 10 MPa range and a moderate influence in the &lt;10 MPa range, on interfragmentary compression. The addition of a washer and the screw tightening sequence had a weak influence on interfragmentary compression at all pressure ranges.DiscussionThe results show that triangular repairs create larger interfragmentary contact areas at greater interfragmentary pressure in simulated condylar fractures, however it is unknown if this results in improved repair stability in the clinical scenario.
Mechanical Power Density Predicts Prolonged Ventilation Following Double Lung Transplantation
Authors: Ghiani Alessandro , Kneidinger Nikolaus , Neurohr Claus , Frank Sandra , Hinske Ludwig Christian , Schneider Christian , Michel Sebastian , Irlbeck Michael 
Published: September 2023

Prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) after lung transplantation poses several risks, including higher tracheostomy rates and increased in-hospital mortality. Mechanical power (MP) of artificial ventilation unifies the ventilatory variables that determine gas exchange and may be related to allograft function following transplant, affecting ventilator weaning. We retrospectively analyzed consecutive double lung transplant recipients at a national transplant center, ventilated through endotracheal tubes upon ICU admission, excluding those receiving extracorporeal support. MP and derived indexes assessed up to 36 h after transplant were correlated with invasive ventilation duration using Spearman’s coefficient, and we conducted receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate the accuracy in predicting PMV (&gt;72 h), expressed as area under the ROC curve (AUROC). PMV occurred in 82 (35%) out of 237 cases. MP was significantly correlated with invasive ventilation duration (Spearman’s ρ = 0.252 [95% CI 0.129–0.369], p &lt; 0.01), with power density (MP normalized to lung-thorax compliance) demonstrating the strongest correlation (ρ = 0.452 [0.345–0.548], p &lt; 0.01) and enhancing PMV prediction (AUROC 0.78 [95% CI 0.72–0.83], p &lt; 0.01) compared to MP (AUROC 0.66 [0.60–0.72], p &lt; 0.01). Mechanical power density may help identify patients at risk for PMV after double lung transplantation.
Design and Performance Enhancement of a Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer Based on NBBT Lead-Free Piezoelectric Single-Crystal Thin Film
Authors: Liu Yaqi , Zhang Qiaozhen , Chen Mingzhu , Liu Xiaonan , Yang Jiye , Wang Feifei , Tang Yanxue , Miao Bin , Li Jiadong , Zhao Xiangyong 
Published: September 2023

Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs) have attracted widespread attention due to their high performance, miniaturization, and easy integration with semiconductor processes. In this paper, a PMUT device based on high-performance and lead-free Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 (NBBT) piezoelectric single-crystal thin films was designed for the application of medical high-frequency ultrasonics. Three-dimensional modeling and analysis of PMUT elements on the proposed structure were performed via the finite element method. The relationship between structure configuration in terms of the top electrode and the cavity shape of the bottom was studied. The PMUT properties and its device performance, including resonant frequency, effective electromechanical coupling factor (keff2), and the static sensitivity of different device structures, were analyzed. In addition, by rotating the Euler Angle γ of the NBBT piezoelectric single-crystal film, the static sensitivity and keff2 of the model are improved to 1.34 when γ is rotated to 45 ± 5°. It was shown that the PMUT using rotated NBBT demonstrated an enhanced relative pulse-echo sensitivity of −46 dB and a bandwidth of 35% when the reflective surface was 200 μm. We conclude that the PMUT in accordance with an NBBT piezoelectric single-crystal film designed by simulation offers a high frequency, larger keff2, and high sensitivity, which provides application prospects in high-resolution and high-frequency medical ultrasonic imaging.
Professionals' treatment goals for long-term benzodiazepine and Z-drugs management: a qualitative study
Authors: Van Ngoc Pauline , Ceuterick Melissa , Belche Jean-Luc , Scholtes Beatrice 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundBenzodiazepines and Z-drugs (BZD/Z) are frequently prescribed for longer than recommended. Through their interactions with patients taking BZD/Z, primary care and mental health professionals play a key role in the management of this medication.AimTo explore how primary care and mental health care professionals set treatment goals with users of long-term BZD/Z.Design & settingA qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with professionals from mental health, addiction care, and primary care practices in Belgium.MethodSemi-structured interviews were conducted, online and in person, with 24 professionals working in mental health and primary care. Inductive thematic content analysis was performed.ResultsSeven themes were identified from the analysis. Professionals tended not to use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) standard to diagnose a BZD/Z substance use disorder. They described criteria based on their experience. They identified diverse types of patients that influence their choice of treatment goals. Professionals appeared to position themselves according to their own treatment goals for their patients, either by promoting the goal of abstinence or harm reduction. Some of them reported feeling trapped into continuing to prescribe and considered BZD/Z withdrawal to be difficult. Some were afraid to engage in a conversation that might break the bond of trust with the patient. Few professionals mentioned patient participation in the treatment goal setting. They asked for targeted withdrawal recommendations, perceiving the current recommendations to be too broad.ConclusionWhether primary care or mental health care professionals are more in favour of a total abstinence or a harm reduction approach to BZD/Z, professionals should be guided towards greater patient participation in setting and evaluating goals with patients taking BZD/Z.
PENGARUH MANAJEMEN DIET BERBASIS KELUARGA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS CIBEUREUM KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Kurnia Anih 
Published: September 2023

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular (PTM) yang menjadi masalah kesehatan kronik di masyarakat. Manajemen diri memfasilitasi pasien dan anggota keluarganya dalam melakukan pengobatan dan pencegahan komplikasi, melakukan kerjasama dengan petugas kesehatan sehingga menimbulkan kemandirian pada pasien dan keluarga dalam mengelola kesehatannya secara mandiri. Modifikasi diet dianggap sebagai salah satu strategi modofikasi gaya hidup memiliki potensi yang sangat besar dalam mencegah hipertensi dengan biaya yang lebih rendah disbandingkan dengan intervensi secara farmakologis. Intervensi secara nonfarmalokologis tersebut meliputi penurunan berat badan, pengurangan asupan natrium, pengurnagan konsumsi alcohol, dan penurunan suplem kalium dalam pola makan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Program Manajemen diet terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi di empat kelurahan wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Cibeureum Kota Tasikmalaya. Metode penetian kuantitatif quasi experiment dengan rancangan pre- post-test control group design. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah cluster random sampling. Perhitungan besar sampel berdasarkan sampel size, dengan tingkat signifikan (CI) = 95% (α = 0,05), effect size (d) = 0,65 dan power test = 0,8 maka sampel yang digunakan adalah 88 responden. Berdasarkan tabel tersebut maka sampel pada masing-masing kelompok adalah 44 orang. Analisa data menggunakan uji Kolmogorov smirnov didapatkan hasil p-value> 0,05 sehingga uji bivariat menggunaka uji parametrik berpasangan (uji t berpasangan/uji paired t test). Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan antar program manajemen diet terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Cibeurum Kota Tasikmalaya dengan p-value < 0,05 baik tekanan darah sistolik maupun tekanan darah diastolik.
GEJALA COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME YANG DIALAMI OLEH KARYAWAN BUMN SEKTOR KEUANGAN KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Widia Chita , Colibri Clara Constantinoxa , Darmono Darmono 
Published: September 2023

Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) adalah suatu kumpulan gejala yang berhubungan dengan mata di sebabkan karena penggunaan komputer. Tujan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gejala Computer Vision Syndrome yang dialami oleh karyawan yang menggunakan komputer di salah satu kantor BUMN sektor keuangan di Kota Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan metode deskriptif, yaitu untuk mendapatkan gambaran data mengenai gejala CVS. Penelitian ini di lakukan pada bulan April-Mei 2019 di salah satu kantor BUMN sektor keuangan di Kota Tasikmalaya. Responden sebanyak 20 orang, penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian didapatkan data bahwa Gambaran gejala CVS yang sering terjadi adalah gejala ekstraokuler dialami oleh 20 responden ( 100%), gajala visual dialami oleh 20 responden (100%) dan gejala asthenopia dialami oleh 15 responden (75%). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa gejala CVS yang paling banyak dirasakan oleh karyawan salah satu kantor BUMN sektor keuangan di Kota Tasikmalaya adalah gejala astenopia, gejala permukaan okuler, gejala visual, gejala ekstra okuler.
GAMBARAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP LANSIA DALAM PEMANFAATAN POSBINDU DI KELURAHAN MUARA SANDING KABUPATEN GARUT
Authors: Alam Ismailah , Rosidin Udin , Sumarna Umar 
Published: September 2023

Peningkatan usia harapan hidup di Indonesia belum disertai dengan peningkatan kualitas kesehatan lansia. Posbindu bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan lansia. Namun pemanfaatan posbindu masih rendah, salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah dukungan keluarga. Tujuan penelitian menggambarkan dukungan keluarga terhadap lansia dalam pemanfaatan posbindu di Kelurahan Muara Sanding. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi adalah 135 keluarga yang tinggal bersama lansia > 60 tahun di RW 02, 09, 10 dan 11 Kelurahan Muara Sanding Garut. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu total populasi sebanyak 135 KK. Dukungan keluarga terdiri dari empat dimensi yaitu emosional atau penghargaan, informasi, instrumental dan persaudaraan. Instrumen yang digunakan menggunakan kuesioner Sarafino & Smith, instrumen valid dan reliabilibel dengan angka alpha cronbach 0,759. Analisa data yang dilakukan menggunakan analisa deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan 69 keluarga memberikan dukungan rendah terhadap lansia dalam pemanfaatan posbindu (51,1%). Dimensi dukungan keluarga rata-rata skor rendah yang terdiri dari 4 domain: 1) Emosional atau pengahargaan rendah (50,4%), 2) Informasi rendah (50,4%), 3) Instrumental rendah (52,6%), 4) Persaudaraan rendah (54,8%). Hal tersebut disebabkan karena faktor pendidikan, pengetahuan, usia, pekerjaan dan penghasilan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukan dukungan keluarga masih kurang kepada lansia untuk memanfaatkan posbindu. Penting bagi perawat komunitas untuk mengkaji beban keluarga dalam memberikan dukungan dan menyebarkan leaflet atau brosur ke setiap keluarga mengenai program posbindu lansia.
PERAN KADER PUSKESMAS TERHADAP KESEMBUHAN PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI PUSKESMAS SUKALAKSANA KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Hilmawan Rikky Gita , S Baharudin Lutfi 
Published: September 2023

Penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru adalah suatu penyakit infeksi kronik yang menyerang hampir semua organ tubuh manusia dan yang terbanyak adalah paru-paru. Tuberculosis Paru merupakan salah satu dari 10 penyebab utama kematian dari penyakit menular. Berdasarkan data WHO yang dikutip dari Global TB Report 2018 pada tahun 2017, jumlah penderita Tuberkulosis Paru mencapai 11,1 juta orang. Peran strategis kader TB komunitas diantaranya menemukan suspect, memotivasi suspect untuk melakukan pemeriksaan dahak ke fasilitas kesehatan tingkat pertama (FKTP) dalam hal ini puskesmas terdekat untuk memastikan apakah suspect tersebut menderita sakit TB atau tidak, kader juga berperan sebagai pengawas menelan obat (PMO) untuk memastikan pasien TB teratur berobat dan minum obat serta melakukan pengobatan dengan lengkap, serta memberikan pendidikan kesehatan terkait penyakit TB paru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran kader Puskesmas terhadap kesembuhan pasien Tuberkulosis Paru. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalalah dengan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua kader TB paru yaitu sebanyak 42 orang, adapun sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling, dimana semua populasi dijadikan sampel penelitian. Hasil uji statistic menggunakan chiesquare didapatkan hasil terdapat pengaruh peran kader puskesmas sebagai penemu suspek terhadap kesembuhan pasien tuberculosis paru dengan nilai p-value 0,0. Terdapat pengaruh peran kader puskesmas sebagai penyuluh terhadap kesembuhan pasien tuberculosis paru dengan nilai p-value 0,0. Terdapat pengaruh peran kader puskesmas sebagai pemberi motivasi terhadap kesembuhan pasien tuberculosis paru dengan nilai p-value 0,0. Terdapat pengaruh peran kader puskesmas sebagai PMO terhadap kesembuhan pasien tuberculosis paru dengan nilai p- value 0,0. Kesimpulan dari penelitin ini bahwa peran kader puskesmas sangat efektif dalam upaya penyembuhan pasien tuberculosis paru di Puskesmas Sukalaksana Kota Tasikmalaya.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF POMEGRANATE RIND EXTRACTS (Punica granatum L.) FROM DIFFERENT EXTRACTION METHOD
Authors: Wijanti Tantriska , Pahlani Eva , Lestari Rizky Kartika 
Published: September 2023

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a fruit that has many properties and benefits, including the rind. However, so far people have only consumed the seeds and discarded the rind. Pomegranate peel is efficacious as an antioxidant that can counteract free radicals. This study aims to compare the antioxidant activity of pomegranate peel extract from two different extraction methods with the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pikrilhidrazyl) method. Pomegranate rind simplicia was extracted by hot method using the soxhlet method and cold method by maceration method. The solvent used is 70% ethanol. The extract obtained was then concentrated with a rotary vacuum evaporator and compared to its profile. From the maceration method, extracts were obtained with a yield of 33.4615%; water content 13.79%; and specific gravity of 0.8591 g/mL (5%). Meanwhile, from the sokhlet method, extracts were obtained with a yield of 32.8087%; water content of 13.50% and specific gravity of 0.8574 g/mL (5%). Examination by thin layer chromatography showed that both extracts contained gallic acid as the identity compound. The results of the phytochemical screening showed that both extracts contained alkaloids, monoterpenoids/sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, and quinones. Meanwhile, saponin group compounds are only contained in macerated extracts. Antioxidant activity testing was carried out using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. The test results showed that the IC50 values of macerated and sokhlet extracts were 12.51 and 10.91 ppm, respectively. These results indicate that both extracts are classified as very strong antioxidants.
AKTIVITAS ANTIRADIKAL BEBAS SENYAWA β-KAROTEN PADA ALGA MERAH
Authors: Pratita Anindita Tri Kusuma , Pajriati Denis , Wardani Gatut Ari , Fathurohman Mochamad 
Published: September 2023

Mikroalga merah diketahui mengandung senyawa fenolat, karotenoid, fikobiliprotein, dan klorofil yang mampu mendonorkan atom hidrogennya pada radikal bebas. Warna merah pada alga dihasilkan oleh pigmen karotenoid dengan salah satu turunannya adalah β-karoten. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui aktivitas antiradikal bebas dari senyawa β-karoten yang terkandung dalam mikroalga merah. β-karoten diekstrasksi dengan cara maserasi kemudian dilakukan analisis kualitatif dengan menggunakan KLT dan FTIR, pengujian aktivitas antiradikal bebas dilakukan dengan pengujian dengan menggunakan DPPH. Hasil KLT menunjukan senyawa β-karoten yang dielusi dengan menggunakan pelarut aseton dan etil asetat (3:7) memiliki nilai Rf 0,8 dan pada FTIR menunjukkan senyawa β-karoten memiliki gugus hidroksil, karbonil, alkana, alkohol, dan aromatik. Aktivitas antiradikal bebas pada senyawa β-karoten memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 267,375 ppm yang dikategorikan lemah.
PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN HALUSINASI DENGAN PSIKORELIGIUS PADA KLIEN GANGGUAN PERSEPSI SENSORI: HALUSINASI
Authors: Amira Iceu , Hendrawati Hendrawati , Maulana Indra , Senjaya Sukma 
Published: September 2023

Abstrak Halusinasi termasuk gejala yang paling sering muncul pada pasien dengan gangguan jiwa. Seseorang dengan halusinasi sering kali menunjukkan perilaku agresif seperti marah, merasa tertekan, tidak dapat melakukan aktivitas dasar sehari-hari, menarik diri dari lingkungan bahkan resiko terjadinya bunuh diri. Intervensi keperawatan terhadap pasien tidak selalu mengandalkan secara farmakologi namun diberikan secara non- farmakologi yaitu melalui pendekatan religius atau keagamaan yang dikenal sebagai psikoreligius. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian tesebut yaitu untuk melihat jenis terapi psikoreligus yang diterapkan pada pasien halusinasi. Studi literatur ini menggunakan desain berupa narrative review dengan menggunakan databased PubMed dan search engine google schoolar proses seleksi artikel dengan menggunakan diagram PRISMA flowchart sehingga ditemukan 8 artikel yang relevan. Hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa terapi psikoreligius berpengaruh terhadap pasien dengan gangguan persepsi sensori: halusinasi. Terdapat berbagai cara dalam terapi psikoreligius yang digunakan dalam mengontrol gangguan persepsi sensori: halusinasi, yaitu dengan dzikir, dzikir dengan lima jari, membaca surat al-fatihah, dan membaca kitab suci Al-Qur’an. Kata Kunci:Pasien, Halusinasi, Terapi Psikoreligius