bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wolves in sheep’s clothing? Rhetorical strategies in the response narratives of Big Oil to IPCC evidence of climate change
Authors: Mitchell Andrew , Bhattacharyya Subhes 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Despite long-standing evidence linking fossil fuel combustion to the greenhouse house and climate change effects, and the growing advocacy for reductions and regulatory limits on their use, fossil fuel corporations remain hugely profitable and influential. While corporations might employ a number of strategies to maintain their successes, when scientific evidence links corporate activities directly to concomitant damages, a response strategy favoured by Big Tobacco to evidence of medical harms appears to have been similarly adopted by Big Oil to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) findings of global atmospheric harms. To examine some of these strategies in detail, a corpus is compiled from samples of strategy documents of three Big Oil corporations for the period corresponding to the third, fourth and fifth IPCC Assessment Reports. This corpus is statistically and linguistically analysed for representations and accounts by Big Oil for its activities and how, if at all, the scientific evidence is addressed linking fossil fuel extraction and use to the findings of the IPCC on climatic change and ecosystemic disruptions at global scale. By highlighting corporate response narratives to IPCC evidence, policy and decision-makers might develop more effective counter-narratives to facilitate scientific communications in this critical policy space.
Mpox emergence in Japan: risks of establishment in Asia and the global resurgence
Authors: Endo Akira , Jung Sung-mok , Miura Fuminari 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

In late January 2023, mpox cases without a travel history started to be frequently reported in Japan. As of 14 March 2023, the total number of cases reached 45 with an apparent sign of sustained local transmission. Compared with many of the previously affected countries, Japan is more closely connected with other Asian countries. In the current global mpox outbreak, Asia has been the least affected region so far with limited or no vaccine rollout. As a result, many countries in this region (including low- and middle-income countries) are left with a large susceptible population to mpox. If local transmission is established in these countries, the global spread of mpox may reemerge.
The Prevalence of Abnormally Increasing Proportion of INF-γ/IL-4 in Peripheral Blood Among Patients with Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion
Authors: Jin Xin , Yao Xinyi , Zhai Xinyu , Chen Fu , Guo Yiming , Shang Wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Problem: To retrospectively observe the abnormally elevated proportion of INF-γ / IL-4 in peripheral blood among patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion, and to evaluate the application value of flow cytometry in detecting peripheral blood INF-γ / IL-4 in early etiological screening of patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion.
Method of Study: A total of 77 patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion who were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army of China from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected. All patients were women who had experienced two or more consecutive spontaneous abortions before 28 weeks of gestation but had not achieved clinical pregnancy; The peripheral blood of 58 women without recurrent spontaneous abortion history was selected as the control group. The levels of CD3 + CD8-INF-γ and IL-4 in peripheral blood lymphocytes were measured, and the ratio of INF-γ / IL-4 was calculated.
Results: The ratio of INF-γ / IL-4 in peripheral blood of patients with rrecurrent spontaneous abortion was significantly higher compared to the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.000, < 0.001). The difference in the ratio between the two groups was caused by abnormally high INF-γ levels in the recurrent spontaneous abortion group (P=0.000, < 0.001), there was no statistical difference in IL-4 level between the two groups. The cutoff value of INF-γ / IL-4 in peripheral blood was 6.86, and the reference range was 1.28-8.49. The AUC of the detection method was 0.75 (P=0.000, < 0.001), has high clinical diagnostic value. According to the reference range, 33.77% of patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion had abnormally elevated INF-γ / IL-4 ratio.
Conclusions: Compared with the control group, INF-γ / IL-4 ratio of peripheral blood in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion was abnormally higher, and the carrier rate was 33.77%. Flow cytometry has high clinical value in detecting INF-γ / IL-4 ratio in peripheral blood.
Assessment of stable carbon isotopes 13С/12С ratio in phthalates from surface waters using HPLC-HRMS-TOF approach
Authors: Kuzmin Anton , Grigorieva Tatiana , Gorshkov Alexander 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

A method for estimating of the ratio of stable carbon isotopes 13С/12С in the composition of phthalates from surface water at a trace concentration level is proposed. It is based on the concentration of hydrophobic components of water using an analytical reversed phase HPLC column followed by their gradient separation and detection of eluted phthalates using a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HRMS-TOF) in the form of molecular ions. The ratio of stable carbon isotopes 13С/12C in phthalates is calculated as a ratio of the peak areas of the monoisotopic masses [M + 1 + H]+ and [M + H]+. Commercial phthalates, di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), were used as standards. The minimal concentration of DnBP and DEHP in water required for a reliable determination of δ13C value is estimated by the level of ca. 0.2 µg L− 1. The technique has been verified during the monitoring of priority phthalates in the waters of Lake Baikal.
Untreated Wastewater Impact and Environmental Risk Assessment of Artificial Sweeteners in River Water and Sediments of the Danube River Basin in Serbia
Authors: Gvozdić Eleonora , Bujagić Ivana Matić , Đurkić Tatjana , Grujić Svetlana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Artificial sweeteners are receiving increasing attention as newly recognized emerging contaminants that mainly reach the aquatic environment through the discharge of municipal wastewater containing large amount of these compounds. In this study, the impact of raw untreated wastewater discharges on the levels and the water/sediment distribution of artificial sweeteners in the Danube River and its largest tributaries in Serbia was evaluated, and a comprehensive assessment of environmental risks for freshwater and benthic organisms was performed. Acesulfame and sucralose were detected in all river water samples, while saccharin and cyclamate were less frequently found, indicating long-term continuous sewage-derived pollution. Aspartame and neotame were the only artificial sweeteners recorded in the sediment samples due to their preference to sorb to particulate matter in the water/sediment system. In terms of ecotoxicological risk, a low risk for aquatic organisms was determined at the detected levels of saccharin in river water, while a high to medium risk was found for benthic biota at the concentrations of neotame and aspartame detected in sediments. The largest contribution to the pollution of the Danube River Basin with artificial sweeteners, and consequently the highest environmental risk, was determined in the two largest cities, the capital Belgrade and Novi Sad, which raises the issue of transboundary pollution.
The mitigation of microbial carbon and nitrogen limitations by shrub encroachment: extracellular enzyme stoichiometry of the alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Ting , Tian Yu , ma wenming , Bai Song , Dengzheng Zuoma , Zhang Dong , Ma Xiangli , Mu Xianrun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Shrub encroachment changes the patterns of nutrition allocation in the belowground and aboveground grassland ecosystem. However, influence of shrub encroachment on microbial carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) limitations remains unclear. Using the extracellular enzyme stoichiometry model, microbial nutrition limitations in bulk and rhizosphere soils at various soil layers were investigated at non-shrub alpine grasslands (GL) and shrub-encroached alpine grasslands including Spiraea alpina lands (SA), Caragana microphylla lands (CM), Potentilla fruticosa lands (PF) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. We determined C-acquisition (β-1,4-glucosidase (BG); β-D-fibrinosidase (CBH)), N-acquisition (β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG); leucine aminopeptidase (LAP)) and phosphorus (P)-acquisition (acid phosphatase (AP)) enzyme activities.. Soil organic carbon (SOC) content in both topsoil and subsoil significantly increased under shrub encroachment. Interestingly, (LAP+NAG) activities increased in subsoil after shrub encroachment. EC:N in subsoil decreased after shrub encroachment. Microbial C and N limitations were found in both encroached and non-encroached alpine grasslands. The limitations were gradually mitigated following shrub encroachment, reducing the decomposition rate of SOC by microorganisms, indicating that shrub encroachment might potentially contribute to SOC storage. Furthermore, microbial C and N limitations of bulk in topsoil decreased after shrub encroachment. microbial N limitations in subsoil decreased after shrub encroachment. This result indicates that shrub encroachment mitigated microbial C and N limitations. In addition, the structural equation modeling (SEM) shows that the increasing content of SOC and NH4+-N were key factors in the mitigation of microbial C and N limitations after shrub encroachment. This study provides available information on the environmental variables affecting the stoichiometry of extracellular enzymes under shrub encroachment, and the theoretical basis for the study of C and N cycling in alpine grasslands.
Deep learning algorithms and mechanisms in navigation for vehicular crowd managementsystems in real-time for smart transportation
Authors: Kaswan Kuldeep Singh , Balu Vincent , Ojha Ananta , SHARMA ANU , Vekariya Daxa , Marandi Arun Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Accurate predictions of vehicle mobility and density are necessary for a wide range of mobile applications, including VANETs, crowdsourcing, participatory sensing, network provisioning, and shared transportation. The difficulty of forecasting is exacerbated by the scarcity and scale of vehicular mobility data. Crowd management and navigation analysis of vehicular networks that make use of deep learning techniques are the focus of this study. Multihop path based edge computing is used to analyze vehicular network navigation, and a markov spatio reinforcement neural network is used to manage vehicular crowds. The number of vehicles in the network and its navigation analysis are the basis for the experimental analysis. Throughput, data transmission rate, latency, network traffic analysis, and scalability are the parameters analyzed.proposed technique attained data transmission rate of 94%, latency of 62%, throughput of 61%, network traffic analysis of 59%, scalability of 63%.
Drying process optimization and kinetic study of sugarcane filter cake using a pilot-scale rotary dryer
Authors: Srina Polasak , Laloon Kittipong , Wongwuttasatien Tanakorn , Patra Santanu , Padungthon Surapol 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study, a pilot-scale countercurrent hot air rotary dryer was used to reduce the moisture content of the sugarcane filter cake. Rotary dryers allow the use of bulk feedstock at high temperatures with short drying times. The response surface methodology was used to optimize and evaluate the effect of hot air temperature and rotational speed on drying efficiency, based on the central composite design. Various temperatures (70, 100 and 130 ℃) and rotation speeds (1, 3 and 5 RPM) were investigated. High drying efficiency was achieved by using high hot air temperatures and low rotational speeds. The error between the model and the experiment was less than 5%. Additionally, seven mathematical drying kinetic models were investigated to describe the drying characteristics of sugarcane filter cake samples. The best-fitted model for the three temperatures considered was the Page model, as assessed by the coefficient of determination (R2), average relative error percentage (P), reduced chi-square (ꭓ2), and root mean square error (RMSE) (R2 = 0.978-1.00). The results demonstrate that the optimization models may be considered for application in an industrial rotary dryer at 70–130 ℃, using the exhausted gas from a power plant stack.
Challenges of Home Care: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Shahriari Mohsen , Nia Donya Hafezi , Cleage Fatemeh , Hashemi Maryam Sadat 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction

Despite countless benefits of home care, unfortunately, the variety and quality of services provided by homecare centers in Isfahan, Iran, are uncertain. This study was conducted to explore of home care challenges.

Method

The present qualitative study used the conventional content analysis approach. A total of 17 participants, including nurses, managers of home care centers, and patients, were enrolled through purposive sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed through Granheim’s qualitative content analysis method.

Findings

In order to explain the challenges of home care, after analyzing the data, 700 primary codes, 15 sub-subcategories, six subcategories, and two main categories, including ‘infrastructural challenges’ and ‘challenges related to the process of home care services provision’ emerged. The main category, infrastructural challenges, consisted of 4 subcategories (the challenge of acculturalization of home care services, economic challenges of providing services, challenges related to human resources, and the challenge of policymaking and setting regulations and rules for home care). The second main category, challenges related to the process of home care services provision, consisted of 2 subcategories: challenges of improving the quality of home care services (the challenge of empowering the human resource and the challenge of monitoring the performance of home care centers) and the challenge of facilities for service provision (the challenge of providing medical equipment and the challenge of ignoring technology in providing services).

Conclusion

In order to promote and improve the quality of home care services, in addition to providing insurance coverage for the services, acculturalization and revising the bylaws, empowering the human resource, enhancing the monitoring of the performance of home care centers, and employing modern technology need to be taken into account.
Impact of depression on the perception of fatigue and information processing speed in a cohort of Multiple Sclerosis patients
Authors: Biasi Madia Marika , Manni Alessia , Pepe Ilaria , Abbatantuono Chiara , Gasparre Daphne , Iaffaldano Pietro , Simone Marta , De Caro Maria Fara , Trojano Maria , Taurisano Paolo , Paolicelli Damiano 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:Information processing speed is commonly impaired in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). However, depression and fatigue can affect the cognitive profile of patients: fatigue has a negative impact from the disease’s earliest stage and a reduced information processing speed is often associated with higher levels of depression. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlations between information processing speed and physical fatigue in a cohort of Italian PwMS from a single center, considering the effect of depression.Methods:Two hundred (W=128; mean age=39.83 years; SD=11.86) PwMS, from the Bari University Hospital, underwent testing for processing speed (Symbol Digit Modalities Test [SDMT]), fatigue level (Fatigue Severity Scale [FSS]), and depression (Beck's Depression Inventory [BDI]).Results:Statistically significant correlations emerged between SDMT and FSS, SDMT and BDI, FSS and BDI. Mediation analyses revealed that while physical fatigue had no significant direct negative effect on information processing speed (z=-0.891; p>0.05), depression predicted the relationship between fatigue and information processing speed (z=-2.181; p<0.05).Conclusion:Our findings showed that cognitive performance at SDMT was not affected by patients' perceived level of physical fatigue, but by depression. The presence of a high BDI score mediates the physical fatigue on cognitive performance impact.
Global-Local combined features to detect pain intensity from facial expression images with attention mechanism
Authors: Wu Jiang , Shi Yi , Tang Ying , Ren Wei , Yan Hongmei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: The estimation of pain intensity is critical for medical diagnosis and treatment of patients. However, the current clinical pain assessment methods mainly rely on patients’ self-report and doctors’ assessment, and the assessment results obtained by these two methods are relatively subjective. Recently, with the development of the image monitoring technology and artificial intelligence, automatic pain assessment based on facial expression and behavioral analysis shows potential values in clinical applications. We proposed a convolutional neural network with global and local attention mechanism (GLA-CNN) framework for the effective detection of pain intensity at four level thresholds using facial expression images.
Methods: We proposed a convolutional neural network with global and local attention mechanism (GLA-CNN) framework for the effective detection of pain intensity at four level thresholds using facial expression images. The GLA-CNN includes two modules, namely global attention network (GANet) and local attention network (LANet), and the attention mechanism is applied to GANet and LANet respectively. The LANet is responsible for extracting representative local patch features of the face. The GANet extracts pain features from the whole face to compensate for the ignored correlative features between patches in LANet. In the end, the global correlative features and local subtle features are fused for final estimation of pain intensity. Our data were derived from a publicly available UNBC-McMaster dataset.
Results: The objective evaluation of pain can be realized effectively by extracting the facial expression features of patients. Our proposed GLA-CNN model achieved 56.45% accuracy in four-level pain assessment, significantly higher than the chance level (25%).
Conclusion: Compared with other models, the proposed GLA-CNN model has higher accuracy. This model could assist clinicians to evaluate patients' pain status and give them analgesic programs in time.
Impact of a circular powered stapler on preventing anastomotic leakage in patients with left-sided colorectal cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Shibutani Masatsune , Fukuoka Tatsunari , Iseki Yasuhito , Kasashima Hiroaki , Kitayama Kishu , Maeda Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The powered circular stapler, which was developed with the aim of providing reliable and reproducible anastomosis, provides complete anastomosis, resulting in a reduced risk of anastomotic leakage. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of anastomotic leakage between a conventional manual circular stapler (MCS) and the ECHELON CIRCULAR™ Powered Stapler (ECPS) in patients with left-sided colorectal cancer who underwent anastomosis with the double stapling technique.
Methods
A total of 187 patients with left-sided colorectal cancer who underwent anastomosis with the double stapling technique with a conventional MCS or the ECPS during surgery at Osaka City University Hospital between January 2016 and July 2022 were enrolled in this study.
Results
The incidence of anastomotic leakage in the ECPS group was significantly lower than that in the MCS group (4.4% versus 14.3%, p = 0.048).
Conclusion
The ECPS contributes to the reduction of the rate of anastomotic leakage in left-sided colorectal surgery.
Health professionals’ perspectives on female genital cosmetic surgery: An interview study
Authors: Kirkman Maggie , Dobson Amy , McDonald Karalyn , Webster Amy , Wijaya Pramasari , Fisher Jane 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Female genital cosmetic surgery (FGCS) changes the structure and appearance of healthy external genitalia. We aimed to identify discourses that help explain and rationalise FGCS and to derive from them possibilities for informing clinical education.
Methods
We interviewed 16 health professionals and 5 non-health professionals who deal with women’s bodies using a study-specific semi-structured interview guide. We analysed transcripts using a three-step iterative process: identifying themes relevant to indications for FGCS, identifying the discourses within which they were positioned, and categorising and theorising discourses.
Results
We identified discourses that we categorised within four themes: Diversity and the Normal Vulva (diversity was both acknowledged and rejected); Indications for FGCS (Functional, Psychological, Appearance); Ethical Perspectives; and Reasons Women Seek FGCS (Pubic Depilation, Media Representation, Pornography, Advertising Regulations, Social Pressure, Genital Unfamiliarity).
Conclusions
Vulvar aesthetics are a social construct to which medical practice and opinion contribute and by which they are influenced; education and reform need to occur on all fronts. Resources that not only establish genital diversity but also challenge limited vulvar aesthetics could be developed in consultation with women, healthcare practitioners, mental health specialists, and others with knowledge of social constructs of women’ bodies.
Correlation Study Between Core Stability and Landing Kinetics of Freestyle Skiing Aerials Elite Athletes
Authors: Wei^ Ming , Fan Yongzhao , Ren Haiying , Li Ke , Niu Xuesong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Core stability can improve athletic performance and reduce the risk of injury, and is one of the most important elements of athletic training. However, the effect of core stability on the Landing kinetics is still unclear. Therefore, the analysis and discussion of the effects of core stability on landing is an urgent problem to be solved at present. In order to improve the core stability training method and landing performance of aerials athletes, this paper proposes a correlation analysis method to study the effect of core stability on Landing kinetics. Previous studies on aerials have neglected landings and lacked correlation analysis, resulting in unsatisfactory analysis results. The correlation analysis method can be combined with core stability training indices to analyze the effect on vertical and 360°jumping landing. Therefore, the correlation analysis method constructed in this paper can provide guidance for core stability training and athletic performance of aerials.