bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency aware task scheduling using DVFS for energy efficiency in Cloud data centre
Authors: Samual Joshua , Hussin Masnida , Hamid Nor Asilah Wati Abdul , Abdullah Azizol 
Published: April 2023

AbstractReliable processing capacity and flexible storage space make Cloud computing the most recent favourable technology. Many organizations have converted their conventional processing data centre to a Cloud data centre. Cloud computing provides promising execution and storage, which leads to massive growth in processing demand by Cloud users. It makes the Cloud data centre increase the number of virtual machines (VM) to execute the users tasks. Hence, it causes high frequency disbursed and has increased energy consumption. Many techniques were proposed, which focuses on Cloud energy saving. However, there is still a lack of trade‐off between energy‐efficient task allocation and frequency scaling for a given workload. In this work, we propose a task scheduling algorithm that aims to minimize energy consumption through the frequency scaling technique while improving task execution time. Specifically, our scheduler comprises two modules, which are the scaling frequency module and frequency‐aware task scheduling module. In our first module, we utilize Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling‐Optimal Frequency (DVFS) to determine the optimal frequency and selecting the best server for the incoming tasks. The number of VM is created upon the best server. As for the second module, the VM processing capacity is scaled to the required frequency of the task. We identify it as a required processing capacity for executing the tasks. The experiment result shows that our algorithm has outperformed and efficiently minimized the energy consumption in the Cloud data centre as compared with existing energy‐saving techniques. Meanwhile, the task allocation also has met the system's Quality of Service (QoS). Significantly, leveraging the resource processing frequency is able to gain better trade‐off between performance and energy consumption in the Cloud data centre.
Metabolic alterations in patients with Helicobacter pylori‐related gastritis: The H. pylori‐gut microbiota‐metabolism axis in progression of the chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa
Authors: Zang Hongmin , Wang Jin , Wang Huijie , Guo Jiaxuan , Li Yuchan , Zhao Yinuo , Song Jinzhong , Liu Fengshuang , Liu Xuzhao , Zhao Yubin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeTo characterize the serum metabolism in patients with Helicobacter pylori‐positive and H. pylori‐negative gastritis.MethodsClinical data and serum gastric function parameters, PGI (pepsinogen I), PGII, PGR (PGI/II), and G‐17 (gastrin‐17) of 117 patients with chronic gastritis were collected, including 57 H. pylori positive and 60 H. pylori negative subjects. Twenty cases in each group were randomly selected to collect intestinal mucosa specimens and serum samples. The gut microbiota profiles were generated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the serum metabolites were analyzed by a targeted metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) technology.ResultsAltered expression of 20 metabolites, including isovaleric acid, was detected in patients with HPAG. Some taxa of Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, and Prevotella in the gut microbiota showed significant correlations with differentially expressed metabolites between H. pylori positive and H. pylori negative individuals. As a result, an H. pylori‐gut microbiota‐metabolism (HGM) axis was proposed.ConclusionHelicobacter pylori infection may influence the progression of mucosal diseases and the emergence of other complications in the host by altering the gut microbiota, and thus affecting the host serum metabolism.
A scoping review of patient‐led teaching of health professions students
Authors: Stretton Brandon , Bacchi Stephen , Thomas Josephine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPatients with chronic health conditions may become experts in their own conditions. Thus, utilising patients as teachers, with autonomy over taught content, may better prepare students to deliver patient‐centred care. A scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley and Joanna Briggs Institute framework was performed. A total of 2162 articles were identified and 28 unique studies were included. Patient teacher programmes range from single, short 1‐ to 2‐h tutorials to longitudinal community‐based programmes. These programmes are mutually beneficial for students, improving awareness of all patient‐centred domains, and patients feel empowered by their roles in education.
Remote‐Sensing Method for Monitoring Suspended‐Sediment Concentration on the Middle‐Mississippi and Lower‐Missouri Rivers
Authors: Martinez Megan J. , Cox Amanda L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSediment transport, erosion, and deposition are primary drivers of river geomorphic processes and ecological services. Suspended‐sediment concentration (SSC) is an important parameter for evaluating these processes and is accordingly of significant interest to engineers, scientists, and water resource managers. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) previously operated nine daily SSC gauging stations along the Mississippi River, with operating dates ranging from 1974 to 2018. Currently, there are no USGS gauging stations reporting daily SSC values along the Mississippi River. For this study, regression models were developed to compute the SSC along the Middle‐Mississippi River (MMR) and Lower‐Missouri River (LMOR) using publicly and freely available Landsat imagery. Surface reflectance data from Landsat satellites were used with USGS‐measured SSC to develop regression models for three different Landsat sensors (Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS, Landsat 7 ETM+, and Landsat 4‐5 TM). Previous models published for predicting SSC in the MMR and LMOR from Landsat images have a linear‐regression form and have provided invalid negative values when extrapolated outside of the dataset used for development. The objectives of this study were to develop reflectance‐SSC regression models using a power‐function form and demonstrate their extrapolation performance using multiple novel applications in the MMR basin. The reflectance‐SSC regression models were applied to the following conditions: 1) mixing at the Mississippi and Missouri River confluence, 2) point‐source pollution, and 3) SSC changes along the entire MMR reach for a range of discharges. The regression models were also used to develop sediment rating curves for the four largest tributaries of the MMR.
Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Justice in Water Dialogues: A Review and Conceptualization
Authors: Williams Simone A. , Eden Susanna , Megdal Sharon B. , Joe‐Gaddy Valerisa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the United States, the lack of diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice (DEIJ) in water governance and management has been identified as a serious problem that affects the validity of decisions. Because water governance and management institutions, processes, and practices at all scales involve dialogue, it is important to understand DEIJ in water dialogues. This paper reports on the results of a systematic literature survey that was undertaken to guide efforts by The University of Arizona Water Resources Research Center to improve diversity and inclusion in its engagement practices and outreach strategies. Three questions are explored: 1) How is DEIJ defined, conceptualized, and measured in water dialogues?, 2) How does a lack of DEIJ in water dialogues affect water‐related outcomes and actors?, and 3) What are the approaches that can be used to increase DEIJ in water dialogues, especially with respect to underrepresented groups? The review synthesizes definitions of DEIJ and examines theories and methods from the literatures on discourse, diversity, social learning, and environmental justice. The lens of dialogue focused these disparate literatures on how people with diverse voices can be engaged and enabled to effectively participate in water dialogues. Despite the paucity of DEIJ literature relating to water resources in general, and to water dialogues more specifically, the review identified characteristics of DEIJ, factors that contribute to DEIJ issues, general lessons, and pathways that apply to increasing DEIJ in water dialogue participation. Further, this paper articulates a conceptual framework for understanding and addressing DEIJ failures in water dialogues. A concept of “just water dialogues” emerged that integrates insights from the literature reviewed with notions of environmental justice to help with identifying and resolving “water dialogue justice” (i.e., DEIJ failures). Review results suggest that DEIJ in water resources dialogues depends on the distribution of knowledge resources, and on broader issues that include cultural, political, and other often ignored contextual factors. Importantly, addressing DEIJ problems through the creation and maintenance of just water dialogues requires tackling power imbalances, enhancing individual and organizational capacity, and building bridges through effective engagement of diverse voices, especially those of underrepresented groups. Strategies that have demonstrated effectiveness in other contexts are highlighted, and future research needed to improve practices to enhance DEIJ in water dialogues is outlined.
Vitamin D may alleviate pre‐eclampsia by modulating the ferroptosis signalling pathway: A hypothesis based on recent literature
Authors: Li Cui‐Ping , Su Hua‐Qin , He Lian‐Ping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFerroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death typically characterized by non‐apoptotic, iron‐dependent, and reactive accumulation of oxygen species. Recent studies have found that ferroptosis plays an important role in the pathophysiology of pre‐eclampsia (PE). In order to find potential therapeutic targets for ferroptosis intervention and better prevent the occurrence and progression of PE, the signalling pathways that regulate ferroptosis need to be identified. In this article, we review the role of vitamin D in PE and the role of ferroptosis in PE. Based on recent literature, we propose the scientific hypothesis that vitamin D can alleviate preeclampsia by modulating the ferroptosis signalling pathway. The aim of this review is to understand the regulatory pathways of ferroptosis in PE and to identify potential therapeutic targets.
Early‐stage predictors of deterioration among 3145 nonsevere SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected people community‐isolated in Wuhan, China: A combination of machine learning algorithms and competing risk survival analyses
Authors: Min Kaiyuan , Cheng Zhenshun , Liu Jiangfeng , Fang Yanhong , Wang Weichen , Yang Yehong , Geldsetzer Pascal , Bärnighausen Till , Yang Juntao , Liu Depei , Chen Simiao , Wang Chen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine which early‐stage variables best predicted the deterioration of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) among community‐isolated people infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and to test the performance of prediction using only inexpensive‐to‐measure variables.MethodsMedical records of 3145 people isolated in two Fangcang shelter hospitals (large‐scale community isolation centers) from February to March 2020 were accessed. Two complementary methods—machine learning algorithms and competing risk survival analyses—were used to test potential predictors, including age, gender, severity upon admission, symptoms (general symptoms, respiratory symptoms, and gastrointestinal symptoms), computed tomography (CT) signs, and comorbid chronic diseases. All variables were measured upon (or shortly after) admission. The outcome was deterioration versus recovery of COVID‐19.ResultsMore than a quarter of the 3145 people did not present any symptoms, while one‐third ended isolation due to deterioration. Machine learning models identified moderate severity upon admission, old age, and CT ground‐glass opacity as the most important predictors of deterioration. Removing CT signs did not degrade the performance of models. Competing risk models identified age ≥ 35 years, male gender, moderate severity upon admission, cough, expectoration, CT patchy opacity, CT consolidation, comorbid diabetes, and comorbid cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases as significant predictors of deterioration, while a stuffy or runny nose as a predictor of recovery.ConclusionsEarly‐stage prediction of COVID‐19 deterioration can be made with inexpensive‐to‐measure variables, such as demographic characteristics, severity upon admission, observable symptoms, and self‐reported comorbid diseases, among asymptomatic people and mildly to moderately symptomatic patients.
The role of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 in the coagulation and fibrinolysis system
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Matsubara Sho , Imanaka Shogo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTissue factor (TF), the primary initiator of the extrinsic coagulation pathway, contributes to the generation of a hypercoagulable and prothrombotic state in cancer patients. TF pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a major inhibitor of TF‐mediated coagulation pathway. The two proteins, TFPI1 and TFPI2, are encoded by separate genes. Indeed, various cancer patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) had significantly lower TFPI1 levels than those without VTE. In contrast, serum TFPI2 level was found to increase in ovarian cancer patients with VTE. It remains unclear why TFPI2, unlike TFPI1, is elevated in ovarian cancer patients with VTE. The aim of this review is to explore the pathophysiological role of TFPI2 on the coagulation and fibrinolysis system.MethodsA literature search was performed from inception to April 30, 2022 in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases.ResultsTFPI1 and TFPI2 are homologs with different protease inhibitory activities in the coagulation and fibrinolysis system. TFPI1 inhibits TF/factor VIIa (FVIIa) catalyzed factor X (FX) activation. On the other hand, TFPI2 is unlikely to affect TF‐initiated thrombin generation, but it has strong inhibitory activity against plasmin. Plasmin is involved in fibrin degradation, clot lysis, and inactivation of several coagulation factors (such as FV, FVIII, FIX, and FX). TFPI2 may increase the risk of VTE by inhibiting plasmin‐dependent fibrinolysis.ConclusionTFPI1 and TFPI2 may have different key functions in regulating the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems.
Classification of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis on cone beam computed tomography images using artificial intelligence system
Authors: Eşer Gözde , Duman Şuayip Burak , Bayrakdar İbrahim Şevki , Çelik Özer 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of artificial intelligence has many advantages, especially in the field of oral and maxillofacial radiology. Early diagnosis of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis by artificial intelligence may improve prognosis.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to perform the classification of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis and TMJ segmentation on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) sagittal images with artificial intelligence.MethodsIn this study, the success of YOLOv5 architecture, an artificial intelligence model, in TMJ segmentation and osteoarthritis classification was evaluated on 2000 sagittal sections (500 healthy, 500 erosion, 500 osteophyte, 500 flattening images) obtained from CBCT DICOM images of 290 patients.ResultsThe sensitivity, precision and F1 scores of the model for TMJ osteoarthritis classification are 1, 0.7678 and 0.8686, respectively. The accuracy value for classification is 0.7678. The prediction values of the classification model are 88% for healthy joints, 70% for flattened joints, 95% for joints with erosion and 86% for joints with osteophytes. The sensitivity, precision and F1 score of the YOLOv5 model for TMJ segmentation are 1, 0.9953 and 0.9976, respectively. The AUC value of the model for TMJ segmentation is 0.9723. In addition, the accuracy value of the model for TMJ segmentation was found to be 0.9953.ConclusionArtificial intelligence model applied in this study can be a support method that will save time and convenience for physicians in the diagnosis of the disease with successful results in TMJ segmentation and osteoarthritis classification.
Etiology and effusion characteristics in 29 cats and 60 dogs with pyothorax (2010‐2020)
Authors: Johnson Lynelle R. , Epstein Steven E. , Reagan Krystle L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPyothorax, an accumulation of inflammatory fluid in the pleural space, is often caused by foreign body inhalation in dogs, whereas the etiology in cats can be more difficult to discern.ObjectiveCompare clinical, microbiologic findings, and etiology in cats and dogs with pyothorax.AnimalsTwenty‐nine cats and 60 dogs.MethodsMedical records of cats and dogs diagnosed with pyothorax from 2010 to 2020 were reviewed. Clinical findings, fluid analysis, and microbiologic results were retrieved.ResultsAntimicrobials had been administered to equal proportions of cats and dogs before fluid sampling (45% and 47%). Groups did not differ in age or total protein concentration or percentage neutrophils in pleural fluid, but effusion cell count was significantly higher in cats than in dogs (P = .01). Neutrophils containing intracellular bacteria were identified in more cats (27/29, 93%) than dogs (44/60, 73%; P = .05). Penetrating damage to the thorax was implicated as the cause of pyothorax in equal percentages of cats (76%) and dogs (75%). Etiology could not be determined in 2 cats and 1 dog. Cats had higher numbers of bacterial isolates per patient (median, 3) than dogs (median, 1; P = .01) and anaerobes were isolated more often in cats (23/29, 73%) than in dogs (27/60, 45%; P = .003).Conclusions and Clinical ImportancePyothorax had similar etiologies in cats and dogs. Cats had higher fluid cell counts, higher numbers of bacterial isolates identified per patient, and intracellular bacteria detected more commonly than did dogs.
Naming and gaming: The illicit taxonomic practice of ‘nomenclatural harvesting’ and how to avoid it
Authors: Denzer Wolfgang , Kaiser Hinrich 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe coin the term 'nomenclatural harvesting' to identify a distinct form of taxonomic vandalism, in which practitioners generate taxon names for operational taxonomic units (OTUs) identified in phylogenetic trees published by others, even when there is no scientifically useful or practical basis for doing so. This practice can destabilize the nomenclature of scientifically established groups by swamping them with questionable new names, and this may have broader impacts in the application of taxon names to clinical toxinology, studies of biodiversity and conservation, and it may contribute to further erode the trust placed by the public in science. A change to Article 73 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and the addition of suitable language in publications presenting taxonomic decisions to authenticate research effort and specimen work would alleviate the problem.
What nursing chooses not to know: Practices of epistemic silence/silencing
Authors: Dillard‐Wright Jessica , Valderama‐Wallace Claire , Canty Lucinda , Perron Amélie , De Sousa Ismalia , Gullick Janice 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDrawing from a keynote panel held at the hybrid 25th International Philosophy of Nursing Conference, this discussion paper examines the question of epistemic silence in nursing from five different perspectives. Contributors include US‐based scholar Claire Valderama‐Wallace, who meditated on ecosystems of settler colonial logics of nursing; American scholar Lucinda Canty discussed the epistemic silencing of nurses of colour; Canadian scholar Amelie Perron interrogated the use of disobedience and parrhesia in and for nursing; Canada‐based scholar Ismalia De Sousa considered what nursing protects in its silences; and Australian scholar Janice Gullick spoke to trans invisibility in nursing.
Clinical Characteristics, Mechanism, and Outcome of Humeral Shaft Fractures Sustained during Arm Wrestling in Young Men: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Shen Junjie , Yu Pei , Yang Renhao , Li Gen , Sun Qi , Cai Ming , Zheng Xianyou , Wang Lei 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveHumeral fractures are common in arm wrestling and other sports and military activities requiring similar movements; however, the precise mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we present an overview of the characteristics, possible mechanisms, and treatment of humeral shaft fractures sustained during arm wrestling.MethodsWe reviewed 8 years (January 2013 to January 2021) of medical records and retrospectively analyzed data from 27 patients with humeral shaft fractures sustained during arm wrestling. The clinical data included sex, age, affected arm, alcohol consumption, muscle warm‐up, history of competitive participation, opponents' characteristics, wrist position, and post‐fracture radial nerve injuries. The fracture configurations were radiographically assessed and analyzed. Surgical management included single or dual plating. Scores on the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH) were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at the last follow‐up visit.ResultsAll fractures sustained during arm wrestling were spiral fractures of the distal third of the humerus. Of these, 11 were 12‐A1 type and 16 were 12‐B2 type with a wedge fragment. The two subtypes differed in the total fracture line length (12‐A1: 0.18 ± 0.04; 12‐B2: 0.23 ± 0.04; P < 0.001). The radial nerve injury rate was 0/11 (0%) in patients with 12‐A1 type fractures and 7/16 (43.8%) in patients with 12‐B2 type fractures (P = 0.011). Most patients were young men (mean age, ~25 years) with a history of competitively participating in arm wrestling for >2 years. Cold seasonal temperatures and a lack of warm‐ups increased the risk of injury. All patients showed improved DASH scores at the last follow‐up (12‐A1:77.82 ± 5.14 to 10.25 [5.38]; 12‐B2:78.91 ± 7.46 to 8.95 [3.17]; P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed among the different surgical treatments.ConclusionsIndividuals who participated in arm wrestling were at risk of humeral shaft fractures (type 12‐A1 or 12‐B2). The 12‐B2 type occurs with a wedge fragment and is frequently accompanied by radial nerve injuries. The characteristics of arm‐wrestling fractures and the mechanism(s) underlying these fractures can help orthopedic surgeons understand the causes of these fractures and similar fractures sustained in traditional sports. This understanding will help surgeons choose more effective surgical treatments that will result in more desirable functional outcomes and a faster return to work.