bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análise comparativa da migração do componente tibial da artroplastia total do joelho cimentada versus não cimentada versus não cimentada com revestimento de hidroxapatita por dois, cinco e dez anos: uma metanálise
Authors: Machado Jean Klay dos Santos , Rodrigues Bárbara Gonçalves , Silva Laercio Dezinho da 
Published: August 2023

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar e comparar a migração obtida pelo componente tibial na Artroplastia Total de Joelho (ATJ) cimentada, não cimentada sem revestimento e não cimentada com revestimento de hidroxapatita aos 2, 5 e 10 anos pós operatório.
Métodos Esta metanálise foi conduzida de acordo com o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Foi realizada busca a partir das bases de dados PubMed e MeSH no período de junho a julho de 2022.
Resultados Oito ensaios clínicos randomizados foram incluídos. Um total de 668 joelhos submetidos a ATJ foram avaliados. Observou-se que a média de Maximun Total Point Motion (MTPM) nas ATJ cimentada foi maior em experimentos com cinco anos com média de 0,67 mm (IC95% - 0,52 a 0,87), as ATJ não cimentadas com revestimento de hidroxapatita também obtiveram maior média neste período (1mm; IC95% - 0,82 a 1,22). Em ATJ não cimentada sem revestimento o maior MTPM médio ocorreu no período de 10 anos (1,30mm; IC95% - 0,70 a 2,39). O MTPM foi estatisticamente semelhante no curto e longo prazo ao comparar as técnicas cimentada e não cimentada, com diferença média padronizada -0,65 (IC95%, -1,65 a 0,35).
Conclusão A migração obtida pelo componente tibial na artroplastia total de joelho (ATJ) foi estatisticamente semelhante em 2, 5 e 10 anos ao comparar as técnicas cimentada e não cimentada (com e sem revestimento). Entretanto, devido ao pequeno número de artigos existentes, são necessários mais estudos clínicos sobre tais técnicas e com maior tempo de acompanhamento.
A visually meaningful image encryption algorithm based on P-tensor product compressive sensing and newly-designed 2D memristive chaotic map
Authors: Yang Yu-Guang , Cheng Fei-Er , Jiang Dong-Hua , Zhou Yi-Hua , Shi Wei-Min , Liao Xin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The noise-like visual feature of cipher images produced by using the traditional image encryption technology explicitly reflects the presence of secret information. To overcome this issue, a visually meaningful image encryption algorithm is proposed based on a newly designed 2D memristive chaotic map, P-tensor product compressive sensing (PTP-CS) and discrete Hartley transform (DHT). For concreteness, a new two-dimensional discrete memristive chaotic map is first designed to provide highly unpredictable secret code streams while maintaining low time consumption. Second, the threshold processing and zigzag confusion operations are performed on the discrete wavelet coefficients of the plain image to meet the prerequisites for effective compression. Third, the intermediate secret information is obtained by utilizing PTP-CS in the compression layer. Information entropy and edge entropy are employed to adaptively identify the complex regions that are suitable for embedding due to inconspicuous visual degradation in the carrier image. Finally, the embedding of the secret information in the DHT domain of these regions is accomplished. Security test and performance analysis confirm that our algorithm has the advantage of a high balance between the encryption security and the decryption recovery, and exhibits excellent performance in important indicators such as visual quality, robustness and timeliness.
Composite electrode materials based on nickel cobalt sulfide/carbon nanotubes to enhance the Redox activity for high performance Asymmetric supercapacitor devices
Authors: Waris Muhammad Hamza , Khan Rizwan , Afzal Amir Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Imran Muhammad , Mumtaz Muhammad Azhar , Usman Muhammad , Ghfar Ayman A , Mumtaz Sohail , Hussain Zahid 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Asymmetric supercapacitor or supercapattery, is a unique device that combines the best features of both supercapacitors and batteries. Specifically, it offers improved cycle life and specific power, which are the strengths of supercapacitors, along with the high energy density that batteries are known for. This technology represents a significant advancement in energy storage and has the potential to revolutionize various industries. In this work, nickel cobalt sulfide (NiCoS) was synthesized through a hydrothermal process and then physically mixed with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The electrical characteristics of the material were analyzed using a three-electrode and a two-electrode setup. In a three-electrode system, NiCoS/CNTs composite showed a specific capacity of 1542.1 Cg−1 at 2.5 Ag−1. In an asymmetric device, the negative and positive electrode was activated carbon (AC) and NiCoS/CNTs, respectively. The composite of NiCoS/CNTs exhibited a specific capacity of 161.3 Cg−1, which is noteworthy. Additionally, the material demonstrated an exceptional energy density of 35.5 Whkg−1 and a power density of 1800 Wkg−1. The capacity retention of the composite material was 84.0% after 5000 cycles. The composite electrode materials of transition metal sulfide and CNT in a 90/10 wt. ratio provides an opportunity to develop high-performance energy storage devices.
Stochastic dynamics of a semiconductor laser with delayed optoelectronic feedback and noise
Authors: Hu Zhouyu , Wang Qiubao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Semiconductor lasers(SLs), versatile tools in communication, medicine, and scientific research, demand close examination of their dynamic behavior. With their unique geometric forms and diminutive sizes, these lasers possess a heightened sensitivity to noise. In this paper, we delve into time-delay semiconductor laser systems, noise included, honing in on time-delays’ effects on noisy laser equations. Carrier density (N) and laser intensity (I) constitute the core parameters that define the performance of these lasers, and we scrutinize their dynamic trajectories. A cutting-edge method fusing stochastic center manifold theory with the stochastic averaging method enables us to probe the stochastic dynamical attributes of semiconductor laser equations. We uncover that the time-delay parameter (τ
1) produces varied consequences on the laser system’s stability under both positive and negative optical feedback conditions. The negative feedback typically bolsters laser performance, fostering increased stability, whereas the positive counterpart could incite instability. By deftly managing the time-delay parameter, one can fine-tune the dynamic performance of semiconductor lasers, mitigating output power fluctuations and tightening linewidths, thereby augmenting stability and spectral purity. Moreover, in the realm of positive optical feedback scenarios, adroitly modifying the time-delay parameter can quell instability to a degree, paving the way for a novel regulatory approach to optimize laser performance. This lays the groundwork for further enhancement of semiconductor laser performance, as well as curbing the detrimental effects of noise on their operation.
Efficient modeling of double absorber layered structure in perovskite solar cells using machine learning techniques
Authors: Prasanna J Lakshmi , Goel Ekta , Kumar Amarjit 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research article investigates the perovskite solar cells double absorber layer structure with 13 different absorber layer combinations. Our primary objective is to explore the potential for achieving high efficiency in perovskite solar cells. We present a double-layer structure for high efficiency, leveraging double absorber layers in perovskite solar cells expands spectral absorption and reduces thermalization losses, thereby enhancing power conversion efficiency and stability. Double absorber layer perovskite solar cells adaptability and integration potential further promise efficiency and reliability advancements. Through a comprehensive examination of all possible combinations of absorber layers we have identified a double absorber layer structure that exhibits an impressive efficiency exceeding 35%. To further enhance our understanding of the underlying factors influencing efficiency, we generated a dataset of 3490 samples. These samples were characterized by 20 input features and four attributes, including the efficiency of the perovskite structure. Leveraging machine learning approach, we developed model using the Random Forest algorithm to predict the efficiency and classify the structures into four distinct classes. Our findings contribute valuable insights into the optimized design of perovskite solar cells, offering a pathway towards achieving higher efficiencies and advancing the field of renewable energy.
Doping impacts of La2O3 on physical, structural, optical and radiation shielding properties of (30-x)BaCO3–30TiO2–40SiO2-xLa2O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 6) glasses for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Mishra Rajat Kumar , Kumari Savita , Shweta  , Sen Prince , Avinashi Sarvesh Kumar , Fatima Zaireen , Thomas Harel , Ghosh Manasi , Dey Krishna Kishor , Gautam Chandkiram 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Herein, synthesis of novel barium silicate glasses doped with La2O3 in the system (30-x)BaCO3–30TiO2–40SiO2-xLa2O3, BTSL (0 ≤ x ≤ 6) via fast melt-quenching technique was carried out. Further, to confirm the amorphous behaviour of prepared glass samples, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were carried out. The density of all prepared glasses was determined using Archimedes’ principle and found to be in an increasing manner. To investigate the doping influence of La2O3 on the glasses, few more physical properties like molar volume (Vm), polaron radius (rp), and field strength (Fs) were also studied and found to be increased due to incorporation of La2O3 into BTSL glassy system. Moreover, to explore the structural, functional, and bonding mechanism of the glasses, FTIR, Raman and 29Si-MAS-ssNMR spectroscopies were performed. Further, to investigate the numerous optical parameters, UV–visible spectroscopy was executed, and energy band gaps were found in the decreasing manner as increasing the La2O3 concentrations. Additionally, to study the optoelectronic properties, refractive indices (η) and optical dielectric constant (ε) were determined and revealed the increasing behaviour and found suitable material for optoelectronic devices. Furthermore, the radiation shielding parameters, mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), etc were determined using Phy-X/PSD software and these parameters are increased owing to the doping of La2O3. Among all fabricated glasses, (30-x)BaCO3–30TiO2−40SiO2−6La2O3, BTS6L glass exhibited outstanding optical and radiation attenuation properties; can be tailored for the fabrication of optoelectronic and radiation protection devices.
Renormalizing one-point probability distribution function for cosmological counts in cells
Authors: Chudaykin Anton , Ivanov Mikhail M. , Sibiryakov Sergey 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study the one-point probability
distribution function (PDF) for matter density averaged over
spherical cells. The leading part to the PDF is defined by spherical collapse dynamics, whereas the next-to-leading
part
comes from the integration over fluctuations around the
saddle-point solution. The latter calculation receives sizable
contributions from short modes and must be
renormalized. We propose a new approach to renormalization by
modeling the effective
stress-energy tensor for short perturbations. The model
contains three free parameters. Two of them are related to the
counterterms in the one-loop matter power spectrum and
bispectrum, one more parameterizes their redshift dependence.
This relation can be used to impose priors in fitting the
model to the PDF
data.
We confront the model with
the results of high-resolution N-body
simulations and find excellent agreement for cell radii
r
* ≥ 10 Mpc/h at all redshifts down to z = 0. Discrepancies at a few
per cent level are detected at low redshifts for r
* ≤
10 Mpc/h and are associated with two-loop corrections to the
model.
Preliminary Study of Photometric Redshifts Based on the Wide Field Survey Telescope
Authors: Liu Yu , Lin Xiao-Zhi , Xue Yong-Quan , Le Huynh Anh N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST) is a dedicated time-domain multi-band (u,g,r,i, andz) photometric survey facility under construction. In this paper, we present a preliminary study that assesses the quality of photometric redshifts based on WFST by utilizing mock observations derived with the galaxy catalog in the COSMOS/UltraVISTA field. We apply the template fitting technique to estimate photometric redshifts by using the ZEBRA photometric-redshift code and adopting a modified set of adaptive templates. We evaluate the bias (median relative offset between the output photometric redshifts and input redshifts), normalized median absolute deviation (σNMAD) and outlier fraction (foutlier) of photometric redshifts in two typical WFST observational cases, the single 30 s exposure observations (hereafter shallow mode) and co-added 50 minutes exposure observations (hereafter deep mode). We find bias ≲0.006,σNMAD≲ 0.03, andfoutlier≲ 5% in the shallow mode and bias ≈0.005,σNMAD≈ 0.06, andfoutlier≈ 17%–27% in the deep mode, respectively, under various lunar phases. Combining the WFST mock observational data with that from the upcoming CSST and Euclid surveys, we demonstrate that thezphotresults can be significantly improved, withfoutlier≈ 1% andσNMAD≈ 0.02.
Subtype classification of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with hierarchical binary hypothesis testing framework
Authors: Gao Yuan , Ni Huaqing , Chen Ying , Tang Yibin , Liu Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective. The diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subtypes is important for the refined treatment of ADHD children. Although automated diagnosis methods based on machine learning are performed with structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI and fMRI) data which have full observation of brains, they are not satisfactory with the accuracy of less than

80
%

for the ADHD subtype diagnosis. Approach. To improve the accuracy and obtain the biomarker of ADHD subtypes, we proposed a hierarchical binary hypothesis testing (H-BHT) framework by using brain functional connectivity (FC) as input bio-signals. The framework includes a two-stage procedure with a decision tree strategy and thus becomes suitable for the subtype classification. Also, typical FC is extracted in both two stages of identifying ADHD subtypes. That means the important FC is found out for the subtype recognition. Main results. We apply the proposed H-BHT framework to resting state fMRI datasets from ADHD-200 consortium. The results are achieved with the average accuracy

97.1
%

and an average kappa score 0.947. Discriminative FC between ADHD subtypes is found by comparing the P-values of typical FC. Significance. The proposed framework not only is an effective structure for ADHD subtype classification, but also provides useful reference for multiclass classification of mental disease subtypes.
COVID Protection Behaviors, Mental Health, Risk Perceptions, and Control Beliefs: A Dynamic Temporal Network Analysis of Daily Diary Data
Authors: Jones Christopher M , O’Connor Daryl B , Ferguson Stuart G , Schüz Benjamin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
To control infections, behavioral non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as social distancing and hygiene measures (masking, hand hygiene) were implemented widely during the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, adherence to NPIs has also been implied in an increase in mental health problems. However, the designs of many existing studies are often poorly suited to disentangle complex relationships between NPI adherence, mental health symptoms, and health-related cognitions (risk perceptions, control beliefs).

Purpose
To separate between- and temporal within-person associations between mental health, health-related cognitions, and NPI adherence.

Methods
Six-month ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study with six 4-day assessment bouts in 397 German adults. Daily measurement of adherence, mental health symptoms, and cognitions during bouts. We used dynamic temporal network analysis to estimate between-person, as well as contemporaneous and lagged within-person effects for distancing and hygiene NPIs.

Results
Distinct network clusters of mental health, health cognitions, and adherence emerged. Participants with higher control beliefs and higher susceptibility were also more adherent (between-person perspective). Within-person, similar findings emerged, additionally, distancing and loneliness were associated. Lagged findings suggest that better adherence to NPIs was associated with better mental health on subsequent days, whereas higher loneliness was associated with better subsequent hygiene adherence.

Conclusions
Findings suggest no negative impact of NPI adherence on mental health or vice versa, but instead suggest that adherence might improve mental health symptoms. Control beliefs and risk perceptions are important covariates of adherence—both on between-person and within-person level.
55 Outcomes of FDG PET-CT in Surveillance of Residual Nodal Metastases Following Non-Surgical Management of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Arun S , Roy R , Doddi M , Davies H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim
Assessing the role of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) surveillance in detecting residual disease in nodal metastasis, following non-surgical treatment of Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), such as chemoradiotherapy or radical radiotherapy. To analyse differences in outcomes between HPV positive and HPV negative cancers.

Method
Retrospective analysis of 327 patients in South Wales, with histologically proven HNSCC was conducted. All patients were treated non-surgically and post-treatment PET-CT scans were obtained. Patients with PET-CT showing incomplete responses had further analysis of outcomes assessed via surgical histology of the nodes. Outcomes in patients with p16 positive disease were recorded to determine outcomes in HPV positive individuals.

Results
64 individuals had residual nodal tumours according to PET-CT. 18 out of 43 patients had a negative histology for malignancy, of which 12 showed p16 positive disease. PET-CT showed a false positive in 41.8% of patients, with a positive predictive value of 58%. 225 patients in total were p16 positive, and 38 out of the 64 residual patients had p16 positive disease. There was no significant difference in outcomes between p16 positive and negative patients.

Conclusions
Our study concurs with similar literature, that primary CRT in N2 and N3 nodal metastasis followed by PET-CT surveillance minimises unnecessary neck dissections and triple modality treatment. Further research needs to be conducted however, to determine the efficacy of PET-CT surveillance compared to planned neck dissections. Furthermore, outcomes in p16 positive patients requires additional ongoing research to best determine surveillance techniques and long-term health outcomes.
1093 Opioid Requirements and Predictive Factors for Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasties. a 7-Year Major Trauma Centre Study
Authors: Zhang J , Stevenson A , Lu V , Zhou A , Bradshaw F , Duchniewicz M , Krkovic M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim
Total knee and hip arthroplasties have prolonged and uncertain pain and rehabilitation timelines, which can be debilitating for patients. In our study, we compare opioid requirements and analyse predictive factors between the two procedures.

Method
All patients undergoing primary total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasties from 2015-2022 at a Major Trauma Centre were reviewed. Opioid prescriptions in the first post-operative year were calculated every month up to 6 months and then from the 7th-12th month. Overall prescribed Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MME) “strength” and days with at least one opioid prescription (“coverage”) were calculated. Demographic and comorbidity factors were also included in the multivariate model analysis.

Results
2908 THAs and 2235 TKAs were included. Patients undergoing THAs were younger (68.5 vs 70.2 years-old, p&lt;0.001) and more commonly female (61% vs 58%, p = 0.022) compared to TKA patients. TKAs (843 MME), compared to THAs (614 MME), had significantly higher postoperative opioid strength requirement (p&lt;0.001) and coverage requirement (p&lt;0.001).
On comorbidity analysis, TKAs had the stronger comorbidity predictive value, with strength in the post-operative year being positively associated with heart failure (p = 0.04), kidney disease (p&lt;0.001), connective-tissue disorders (p = 0.009), respiratory disease (p&lt;0.001) and diabetes (p = 0.014). THA strength was associated with rheumatological conditions and diabetes (p&lt;0.01). Both had numerous strong associations for first month opioid coverage requirements.

Conclusions
Our study enables a high-resolution breakdown of the rehabilitation and pain journey of patients undergoing THA and TKA and provides insight to patients and clinicians about factors predisposing to higher pain relief requirements.
1106 Epidemiology and Incidence of Upper Limb Fractures, a UK Level 1 Trauma Centre Perspective
Authors: Zhang J , Stevenson A , Lu V , Zhou A , Bradshaw F , Duchniewicz M , Krkovic M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aim
Understanding the incidence and epidemiology can inform clinicians and policymakers about the needs of the population. There is no recent, large UK-based study on the epidemiology of upper limb fractures. Our study reports on the upper limb fractures treated at a major trauma centre over a 7-year period

Method
We collected data on fracture locations, age, gender, Charlson Comorbidity index (CCI), and treatment options of all upper limb fractures treated at a Level I Trauma Centre from January 2015 to 2022. Humerus, radius, and ulna fractures were each classified as proximal, diaphyseal and distal.

Results
9915 patients sustained 12502 fractures, given an overall incidence of 313 fractures per 100,000 patients per year.
The incidence of fractures per 100,000 patients/year was: Scapula-16.5, clavicle-30.9, humerus-57.5, radius-84.2, ulna-57.0, carpal-9.5, metacarpal-17.2, phalanges-38.8. The mean age and CCI were 48.2 years and 1.72, respectively. 56.4% of patients were male.
All bone fractures distal to the elbow were associated with an age younger than the mean (all p&lt;0.001), with humerus fracture patients having the oldest mean age (54.6). Compared to the mean gender ratio, except for ulna (no association), humerus (55% female) and radius (51% female), all other locations showed significantly higher incidences of males (all p&lt;0.001).

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this represents the first study of this type in the UK since 2006. We sought to elucidate relative incidence and demographic associations with fractures to highlight changing population needs and allow guidelines and services at a regional and national level to operate with up-to-date information.