bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Different Thromboprophylaxis Regimens in Elderly Patients Following Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Zhang Qi , Sun Xuan , Pan Jingbo , Liu Dan 
Published: January 2025

Aims/Background Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) represents a significant postoperative complication after artificial femoral head replacement, with the incidence increasing proportionally with patient age. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of early postoperative use of intermittent pneumatic compression devices (IPC), followed by the combined use of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) after 48 hours, for the prevention of postoperative lower limb DVT in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. Methods The retrospective study included 100 elderly patients who underwent unilateral femoral head replacement. The control group (n = 55) received combined LMWH initiated 12 hours postoperatively, while the observation group (n = 45) started combined LMWH 48 hours postoperatively. Changes in coagulation parameters, perioperative complications, and the incidence of postoperative lower limb DVT were compared between the two groups. Results Coagulation parameters showed significant changes post-intervention in both groups, with no statistically significant inter-group differences observed post-intervention (p > 0.05). The incidence of postoperative lower limb DVT did not differ significantly between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, the observation group demonstrated significantly lower postoperative blood loss, incidence of periwound hematoma, and transfusion rates compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The sequential application of IPC in the early postoperative period, followed by combined LMWH administration after 48 hours, demonstrates comparable efficacy in preventing lower limb DVT formation in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty when compared to the initiation of combined LMWH starting 12 hours postoperatively. In addition, this approach significantly reduces the risk of postoperative bleeding and exhibits a high safety profile.
Respectful maternity care and mistreatment: Women’s experiences during induction of labor and childbirth in Ghana
Authors: Adu-Bonsaffoh Kwame , Newman Grace T. , Atobrah-Apraku Kenneth , Opuni-Frimpong Yaw , Seffah Joseph D. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Most studies on respectful maternity care (RMC) and mistreatment of women have focused on intrapartum care with limited information on how women are treated during induction of labor (IOL), pre-labor phase of the maternity care continuum. Emerging multi-country evidence indicates that nearly 30% of women who undergo IOL do not consent to the procedure and constitutes a violation of their rights to optimal maternal health. This study explored women’s lived experiences of respectful care and mistreatment during IOL in a tertiary setting in Ghana.

Methods
This was a qualitative phenomenological study conducted between September 2021 to October 2021 in Ghana. The eligibility criteria comprised women, aged ≥ 18 years who underwent IOL with singleton gestations. Purposive sampling was employed in recruiting the study participants (n = 17). Data analysis was performed based on thematic content using the inductive qualitative analytic framework approach.

Results
Nearly all the participants (94.1%) were first-timers to IOL. In general, we determined mixed findings relating to the experiences of RMC (respectful versus disrespectful care). Some women experienced respectful care including effective communication, optimal counseling and appropriate professionalism resulting in adequate client satisfaction with care. Conversely, we determined that some mothers experienced mistreatment of different types during labor induction and birth including verbal abuse, lack of privacy, neglect, ineffective communication, inadequate pain relief, non-consented care and inadequate professional standards. There were no reports of physical abuse. Mixed responses (positive and negative) were heartily described concerning future utilization of the health facility considering the quality of care they received. Personalized recommendations to improve the quality of care during IOL were provided by the affected women and these summed up to RMC (e.g. effective communication, adequate analgesia, shared-decision making).

Conclusion
Our study indicates that women experience varied forms of mistreatment during induction of labor and childbirth, and can be potentially traumatic psychologically considering their prolonged exposure to health facilities. Context specific strategies to expedite integration and adherence to RMC guidelines in maternity care are recommended to improve the quality of care during induction of labor and birth.
Nutritional assessment of adolescents: A cross-sectional study from public schools of North India
Authors: Kaur Sandeep , Kumar Rajesh , Kaur Manmeet 
Published: January 2025

Background
Technological advancements and globalization have shifted dietary behaviours, contributing to increased chronic disease prevalence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) like India. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable due to these changes, which can impact their lifelong health. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of adolescents in public schools in Chandigarh, India.

Methodology
Conducted as part of a cluster randomized control trial, the study used two-stage random sampling to select 12 schools and eighth-grade classes, recruiting 453 adolescents aged 10–16 years. Nutritional status was evaluated through dietary behaviour assessments, anthropometric measurements, and 24-hour urinary salt-level analysis. Dietary patterns were recorded using two 24-hour recalls, and analyzed with PURE study software based on 2010 Indian dietary data from ICMR-NIN. Anthropometric measures followed standardized protocols, and salt levels were assessed in laboratories.

Results
The mean age of the adolescents was 13.06 years, with 55% being boys. Among them, 32% had high salt intake, and 55% had high sugar intake. Additionally, 90% had low fruit intake, and 83% had low vegetable intake. The adolescents were deficient in several macro and micronutrients, including energy, fats, fibre, iron, zinc, iodine, riboflavin, and vitamins B-6 and B-12. A higher proportion of boys (10%) were classified as thin compared to girls (2%), while a greater proportion of girls (36%) had abdominal obesity. In contrast, a larger proportion of boys (23%) were severely acutely malnourished. Nearly all adolescents exhibited high urinary excretory salt levels.

Conclusion
Most adolescents exhibited dietary risk factors, including high salt and sugar intake, along with low consumption of fruits and vegetables. Many were deficient in various macro and micronutrients, with the coexistence of both thinness and obesity. Regular nutritional assessments in schools are essential to address the dual burden of undernutrition and overnutrition. Furthermore, health-promoting interventions should be developed within school settings to encourage healthy dietary practices.
A prospective observational study on persistent postoperative pediatric pain, 4P: The study protocol
Authors: Broman Johanna , Nielsen Niklas , Persson Anna K. M. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Access to adequate pain treatment is a fundamental right, yet international data suggest that a considerable number of children experience acute and persistent pain. Little is known about the occurrence of both acute and persistent pain in children. The incidence of persistent postoperative pain in children is an unexplored area but international studies suggest that many children experience long-term pain after surgery, with a major impact on daily life. In 4P, Persistent Postoperative Pediatric Pain, we want to estimate the incidence of acute and persistent postoperative pediatric pain. The European Society for Paediatric Anaesthesiology has developed guidelines for perioperative pain management. We aim to examine how well these guidelines are followed and whether adherence to guidelines influences the pain experienced after surgery.

Method
4P is a prospective observational study of children aged 1–17, planned for surgery in southern Sweden 2023–2024. After agreement from all caregivers, data concerning preoperative pain, pre-emptive analgesia, perioperative management and postoperative pain will be collected. Via an electronic management software, pain will be evaluated at home (or in hospital) at 24h, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. We will include 1000 patients.

Discussion
4P will prospectively follow a large number of children after general pediatric surgeries and evaluate the occurrence of postoperative pain, both acute (APOP) and persistent (PPOP). The study will assess pain treatment regimens and identify risk factors associated with the development of acute and persistent pediatric postoperative pain.

Trial registration
Prospectively posted at ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT06035042.
A scoping review protocol on brain PaCO2 levels at altitude
Authors: Tang Hanna , Charlesworth Laurel , Lalu Manoj , Dewar Brian , Shorr Risa , Dowlatshahi Dariush 
Published: January 2025

Background
Aeromedical transfer of patients with ischemic stroke to access hyperacute stroke treatment is becoming increasingly common. Little is known about how rapid changes of altitude and atmospheric pressure can impact cerebral perfusion and ischemic burden. In patients with ischemic stroke, there is a theoretical possibility that this physiologic response of hypoxia-driven hyperventilation at higher altitude can lead to a relative drop in PaCO2. This would ultimately result in cerebral vasoconstriction, and therefore worsening of the ischemic burden in patients with ischemic stroke. Currently, there are no specific recommendations in stroke guidelines for optimizing altitude of aeromedical transportation to minimize the rate of ischemic burden. In this scoping review, we aim to map the available literature that addressed whether PaCO2 changes with altitude. This would be the steppingstone for more in-depth analyses into the cerebral autoregulatory consequences of high altitude on cerebral ischemia to form future guidelines.

Methods and analysis
We will follow scoping review methods recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Systematic will be systematically searched to identify articles that report on the acute response of PaCO2 on acute change in altitude. Two independent investigators will perform duplicate title and abstract screening and full-text review, followed by duplicate data extraction. We will present quantitative data using descriptive statistics. Key textual information will be synthesized in a tabular format Simple statistics on the frequency of papers, data will be presented via histogram.

Ethics and dissemination
This scoping review does not require ethical approval. The results of our scoping review will be published in academic medical journals and presented at medical conferences. The findings will highlight the current availability of literature on PaCO2 changes with altitude.

Registration
This scoping review protocol has been registered in Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/UVK83).
Association of blood urea nitrogen with 28-day mortality in critically ill patients: A multi-center retrospective study based on the eICU collaborative research database
Authors: Deng Ting , Wu Die , Liu Shan-shan , Chen Xing-lin , Zhao Zhen-wei , Zhang Lan-lang 
Published: January 2025

Objective
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a commonly used biomarker for assessing kidney function and neuroendocrine activity. Previous studies have indicated that elevated BUN levels are associated with increased mortality in various critically ill patient populations. The focus of this study was to investigate the relationship between BUN and 28-day mortality in intensive care patients.

Methods
This was a multi-centre retrospective cohort study that made use of data from the eICU Collaborative Research Database. The primary exposure variable was BUN, and the outcome was 28-day mortality. The following variables were included as covariates: age, gender, BMI, white blood cell count, creatinine, GCS score, APACHE IV score, and diabetes. The statistical analyses included univariate and multivariate logistic regression, as well as generalized additive modelling, which was employed to assess the non-linear relationship between BUN and mortality.

Results
A total of 63,757 elderly patients were included in the study, with a 28-day mortality of 6.5%. The univariate analysis indicated that elevated BUN quartiles were associated with an increased risk of mortality. The results of the multivariate analysis further confirmed the non-linear relationship between BUN and mortality. When BUN was less than 32 mg/dL, there was a significant positive association, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.230 (95% CI: 1.154–1.311, p<0.0001) for every 10 mg/dL increase in BUN. However, when BUN was greater than or equal to 32 mg/dL, BUN level had no significant effect on mortality.

Conclusion
BUN showed a nonlinear, threshold correlation with 28-day mortality in critically ill patients. The higher the BUN, the greater the risk of death if the BUN is below the threshold.
Pedagogies of Possibility: The Integration of Asset-Based Equity Pedagogies and Project-Based Learning
Authors: Hinnant-Crawford Brandi , Virtue Emily , Bergeron Liz 
Published: January 2025

While project-based learning (PBL) and asset-based equity pedagogies (ABEPs) have traditionally been studied separately, there is reason to believe that the combination of the two strategies can produce unimaginable. This study examines the relationships between students’ perception of both PBL and ABEPs as it relates to non-academic outcomes such as problem-solving abilities, likelihood to persist, and civic consciousness and engagement. Bivariate regression was used to determine the degree to which exposure to PBL and ABEPs explains the variance in student outcomes. Student focus group data confirms and expands our quantitative findings.
BLACK COMPANY AS SOCIAL PROBLEM IN JAPANESE FILM: A SOCIO-LITERARY AND READER RESPONSE ANALYSIS
Authors: Mulyadi, S.Pd.,M.Hum. Budi , Rahwati Wawat , Angela Bella 
Published: January 2025

This study examines the issue of black companies (buraku geisha) in two Japanese films: Burakku Gaisha ni Tsutometerundaga, Mou Ore wa Genkai Kamoshirenai (2009), and Chotto Ima Kara Shigoto wo Yamete Kuru (2017). Black companies are a social problem in Japanese society, where many companies exploit their employees by forcing them to work excessive hours for low wages. This has become a serious issue, leading to the phenomenon of karoshi, or death because of overwork. The research analyzes how the two films portray the black company issue and the perspectives of the characters in these films towards it. This research also examines how Japanese society responds to the problem as depicted in the films. This qualitative research employs a combined approach of sociological literary and reader-response perspectives, focusing on the societal aspects of the film by examining the discourses related to social problems and the social itself. The result based on that analysis of the films and the application of the two perspectives shows that the characters’ views provide a reflective portrayal of the social issues currently faced by Japanese society
Przywyknąć do konformizmu. O postawach czeskich uczonych wobec reżimu totalitarnego (w reprezentacjach literackich)
Authors: Gawarecka Anna 
Published: January 2025

Problematyka destrukcji idei wolności uniwersyteckiej oraz „zdrady intelektualistów” czyli całkowite zawłaszczenie oraz ideologizacja przestrzeni akademickiej przez polityczne mechanizmy kontrolne do dziś stanowi przedmiot zainteresowania historyków, etyków i publicystów.Dla dziejów nauki czeskiej mniej istotne wydają się osobiste pobudki, jakimi kierowali się zmuszani do odwoływania własnych przeświadczeń uczeni, większą wagę przywiązywać należy bowiem do ogromu spustoszeń wywołanych w sferze rozwoju, a spowodowanych zredukowaniem przestrzeni metodologicznej i teoretycznej do teorii i metody jednej – w uproszczony sposób wywodzonej z filozofii marksistowskiej. Pobudki takie nabierają ciężaru gatunkowego w literackichreprezentacjach środowiska naukowego. W rzeczywistości reżimowych represji, w której przemoc obejmowała wszystkie obszary życia i nie omijała żadnej grupy społecznej, środowisko uczonych mieściło się co prawda na marginesie głównego nurtu tematyki poruszanej przez odwilżowych, dysydenckich czy emigracyjnych pisarzy, ale pojawiało się w ich tekstach, zwłaszcza, choć nie wyłącznie, w dziełach twórców dysponujących profesjonalnym doświadczeniem w pracy akademickiej, i –prowadzących przewrotną i często skomplikowaną grę zarówno z elementami autobiografizmu, jak i z konwencjami roman à clef.
Stretch-Shortening Cycle Utilization in Female and Male Soccer Players: A Systematic Review
Authors: Santos Sarah C. R. , Oliveira Augusto R. , Costa Rogerio A. , Nascimento Kananda S. B. , Alvares Poliane D. , Medeiros Fabíola B. , Assumpção Cláudio O. , Ramos Guilherme P. , Banja Túlio , Veneroso Christiano E. , Claudino João G. , Cabido Christian E. T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Santos, SCR, Oliveira, AR, Costa, RA, Nascimento, KSB, Alvares, PD, Medeiros, FB, Assumpção, CO, Ramos, GP, Banja, T, Veneroso, CE, Claudino, JGO, and Cabido, CET. Stretch-shortening cycle utilization in female and male soccer players: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 38(10): e600–e625, 2024—The stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) enhances strength and power in soccer players. However, little consistent information is found on expected SSC utilization in soccer players. The aim of the present study was to provide information on SSC utilization in soccer players of different sexes, ages, and competitive levels through the calculation of the percent of prestretch augmentation (PPA ((CMJ − SJ)/SJ × 100)). A systematic review was performed of studies involving soccer players. After screening 3,921 studies, 214 assessing a total of 11,941 players were considered eligible. Twenty studies involved females (747 subjects), 16 of which involved professionals (380 players), and 7 of which involved nonprofessionals (367 players). One hundred ninety-seven studies involved males (11,194 subjects), 56 of which involved professionals (2,508 players), 16 involved semiprofessionals (698 players), and 135 involved young athletes [67 involved postpubertal youths (2,439 players) and 85 involved youths (5,549 players)]. Prestretch augmentation was 9.35% (95% CI: 6.33–12.38%) for professional and 5.73% (95% CI: 3.06–8.40%) for nonprofessional female players. For males, PPA was 6.16% (95% CI: 5.03–7.29%) for professional players, 8.55% (95% CI: 5.76–11.33%) for semiprofessionals, 6.64% (95% CI: 5.76–7.53%) for postpubertal youths, and 7.00% (95% CI: 6.11–7.90%) for youths. Stretch-shortening cycle utilization measured based on PPA in the sample studied ranged from 3.06 to 12.38%. These values could serve as reference to indicate the appropriate use of SSC among soccer players according to competitive level and sex, which could help coaches and physical trainers develop appropriate training programs.
Absolute number of three populations of interneurons and all GABAergic synapses in the human hippocampus
Authors: Takács Virág , Papp Péter , Orosz Áron , Bardóczi Zsuzsanna , Zsoldos Tamás , Zichó Krisztián , Watanabe Masahiko , Maglóczky Zsófia , Gombás Péter , Freund Tamás F. , Nyiri Gábor 
Published: January 2025

The human hippocampus, essential for learning and memory, is implicated in numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders, each linked to specific neuronal subpopulations. Advancing our understanding of hippocampal function requires computational models grounded in precise quantitative neuronal data. While extensive data exist on the neuronal composition and synaptic architecture of the rodent hippocampus, analogous quantitative data for the human hippocampus remain very limited. Given the critical role of local GABAergic interneurons in modulating hippocampal functions, we employed unbiased stereological techniques to estimate the density and total number of three major GABAergic cell types in the male and female human hippocampus: parvalbumin (PV)-expressing, somatostatin (SOM)-positive, and calretinin (CR)-positive interneurons. Our findings reveal an estimated 49,400 PV-positive, 141,500 SOM-positive, and 250,600 CR-positive interneurons per hippocampal hemisphere. Notably, CR-positive interneurons, which are primarily interneuron-selective in rodents, were present in humans at a higher proportion. Additionally, using 3-dimensional electron microscopy, we estimated approximately 25 billion GABAergic synapses per hippocampal hemisphere, with PV-positive boutons comprising around 3.5 billion synapses, or 14% of the total GABAergic synapses. These findings contribute crucial quantitative insights for modeling human hippocampal circuits and understanding its complex regulatory dynamics.Significance StatementUnderstanding the operating principles of cortical networks is a major goal in neuroscience, requiring a detailed description of cortical neurons, including their proportions, densities, and, most critically, their absolute numbers. Such precise quantification is essential for constructing predictive computational models of neuronal circuits. In this study, we present the density and total number of three major, non-overlapping GABAergic cell groups across each layer of the human hippocampus. Additionally, we quantify the total number of all GABAergic boutons and synapses, as well as separately quantifying those originating from parvalbumin (PV)-positive cells within each of the 15 hippocampal layers. This dataset provides a foundational framework for accurately modeling hippocampal inhibition at the cellular level.
Person-centered support for patients with a pituitary tumor following surgery
Authors: Jakobsson Sofie , Ragnarsson Oskar , Hallén Tobias , Krabbe David , Olofsson Ann-Charlotte , Olsson Daniel S , Trimpou Penelope , Skoglund Thomas , Johannsson Gudmundur 
Published: January 2025

Objectives
To evaluate whether a person-centered care practice following surgery for pituitary tumors increased psychological well-being. Secondary aims were to study whether person-centered care would lead to better health status, less fatigue and better self-efficacy.

Design and methods
This study is a prospective, single-center study using a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effect of a 12-month person-centered practice by means of a name-given nurse care manager, an interdisciplinary team and peer support against usual care. All patients (≥18 years) with a benign pituitary tumor and planned for endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery were consecutively invited to participate. Psychological well-being, self-reported health, fatigue and self-efficacy were assessed before surgery, at discharge and 3–6 and 12 months after surgery.

Results
In total, 86 patients in the intervention group and 68 patients in the control group were included. Psychological well-being improved 12 months following surgery in both groups to comparable levels. The intervention group had a greater improvement in anxiety compared to the control group (P = 0.02). No differences were seen between groups in self-reported health status, fatigue or self-efficacy. Patients in the intervention group with other types of pituitary tumors than non-functioning pituitary adenomas showed a greater improvement in psychological well-being than in the control group.

Conclusion
Our intervention did not result in major advantages in terms of health or psychological well-being. The study does, however, suggest that the intervention may reduce anxiety 12 months after surgery and that certain subgroups of patients may benefit more from a structured person-centered practice following pituitary surgery.