bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prestimulus oscillatory brain activity interacts with evoked recurrent processing to facilitate conscious visual perception
Authors: Krasich Kristina , Simmons Claire , O’Neill Kevin , Giattino Charles M. , De Brigard Felipe , Sinnott-Armstrong Walter , Mudrik Liad , Woldorff Marty G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe investigated whether prestimulus alpha-band oscillatory activity and stimulus-elicited recurrent processing interact to facilitate conscious visual perception. Participants tried to perceive a visual stimulus that was perceptually masked through object substitution masking (OSM). We showed that attenuated prestimulus alpha power was associated with greater negative-polarity stimulus-evoked ERP activity that resembled the visual awareness negativity (VAN), previously argued to reflect recurrent processing related to conscious perception. This effect, however, was not associated with better perception. Instead, when prestimulus alpha power was elevated, a preferred prestimulus alpha phase was associated with a greater VAN-like negativity, which was then associated with better cue perception. Cue perception was worse when prestimulus alpha power was elevated but the stimulus occurred at a nonoptimal prestimulus alpha phase and the VAN-like negativity was low. Our findings suggest that prestimulus alpha activity at a specific phase enables temporally selective recurrent processing that facilitates conscious perception in OSM.
Single-cell RNA sequencing of immune cells in patients with acute gout
Authors: Chang Jan-Gowth , Tu Siang-Jyun , Huang Chung-Ming , Chen Yu-Chia , Chiang Hui-Shan , Lee Ya-Ting , Yen Ju-Chen , Lin Chia-Li , Chung Chin-Chun , Liu Ta-Chih , Chang Ya-Sian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCell subpopulations in the blood and joint fluid of patients with gout are poorly understood. Single-cell RNA sequencing and bioinformatic tools were used to identify cell subsets and their gene signatures in blood and synovial fluid (SF) cells, determine their relationships, characterize the diversity, and evaluate interactions among specific cell types. We identified 34 subpopulations (5 types of B cells, 16 types of T and natural killer cells, 9 types of monocytes, and 4 other cell types) in the blood of five healthy subjects and seven patients with acute gouty, and the SF of three patients with acute gout. We found that naïve CD4 T cells and classical monocytes cell populations were enriched in patients with gout, whereas plasmacytoid dendritic cells and intermediate monocytes were more abundant in healthy subjects. SF was enriched in Th1/Th17 cells, effector memory CD8 T cells, mucosal-associated invariant T cells, and macrophages. Subclusters of these cell subpopulations showed different compositions between healthy subjects and those with acute gout, according to blood and SF samples. At the cellular level, the inflammation score of a subpopulation or subcluster was highest in SF, following by the blood of acute gout patients and healthy person, whereas energy score showed the opposite trend. We also detected specific cell–cell interactions for interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, and transforming growth factor-β1 expression in the cells of patients with acute gout. Our study reveals cellular and molecular insights on inflammatory responses to hyperuricemia or uric crystal and may provide therapeutic guidance to improve treatments for gout.
Hierarchical eco‐driving control strategy for hybrid electric vehicle platoon at signalized intersections under partially connected and automated vehicle environment
Authors: Chen Jian , Qian Li‐Jun , Xuan Liang , Chen Chen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn recent years, eco‐driving for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) has been studied with the emerging connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technologies to improve the mobility, fuel economy and safety of HEVs. This paper develops a hierarchical eco‐driving control strategy for HEV platoons consisting of CAVs and human‐driven vehicles (HDVs) to improve fuel economy at signalized intersections. For each platoon, the speed trajectories of CAVs are optimized in the upper layer controller using model predictive control (MPC) to minimize the total fuel consumption of the whole platoon. For each HEV, the optimal power split between the engine and the battery is obtained in the lower layer controller using adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (A‐ECMS). The time‐varying powertrain efficiencies of HEVs are explicitly considered in the speed trajectory optimization. At last, simulation studies are conducted using MATLAB and VISSIM to evaluate the performances of the strategy in mixed traffic scenarios and different CAV penetration rates. Simulation results indicate that compared with the single vehicle control strategy, the proposed strategy can improve the average fuel economy by up to 8.34% and considering the time‐varying powertrain efficiencies of HEVs in the optimization can further reduce the fuel consumption by up to 1.23%.
Photothermal effects of gold nanorods in aqueous solution and gel media: Influence of particle size and excitation wavelength
Authors: Mbalaha Zendesha S. , Birch David J. S. , Chen Yu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGold nanorods (GNRs) have emerged as the most efficient photothermal agent in cancer therapy and photocatalysis. Understanding the influence of the surrounding medium, particle size, and excitation wavelength is critical to optimising the photothermal conversion rate. Here, three pairs of large and small gold nanorods of different aspect ratios and their heat generation under laser radiation at on and off surface plasmon resonance wavelengths in aqueous solution and gel‐like media are investigated. In the aqueous solution, the temperature rise of the large gold nanorods is more than with small gold nanorods at resonance excitation. In contrast to the large gold nanorods (LGNRs), the small gold nanorods (SGNRs) were less sensitive to excitation wavelength. At off‐resonance excitation, the temperature rise of the SGNRs is larger than that of the LGNRs. In the agarose gel, the photothermal effect of the SGNRs is greater than LGNRs excited at the wavelength near their solution phase longitudinal surface plasmon resonance wavelength. The temperature increase of LGNRs in gel is significantly less than in aqueous solution. These findings suggest that SGNRs could be more beneficial than the LGNRs for photothermal applications in biological systems and provides further insight when selecting GNRs.
Probabilistic mass-mapping with neural score estimation
Authors: Remy B. , Lanusse F. , Jeffrey N. , Liu J. , Starck J.-L. , Osato K. , Schrabback T. 
Published: December 2022

Context.Weak lensing mass-mapping is a useful tool for accessing the full distribution of dark matter on the sky, but because of intrinsic galaxy ellipticies, finite fields, and missing data, the recovery of dark matter maps constitutes a challenging, ill-posed inverse problemAims.We introduce a novel methodology that enables the efficient sampling of the high-dimensional Bayesian posterior of the weak lensing mass-mapping problem, relying on simulations to define a fully non-Gaussian prior. We aim to demonstrate the accuracy of the method to simulated fields, and then proceed to apply it to the mass reconstruction of the HST/ACS COSMOS field.Methods.The proposed methodology combines elements of Bayesian statistics, analytic theory, and a recent class of deep generative models based on neural score matching. This approach allows us to make full use of analytic cosmological theory to constrain the 2pt statistics of the solution, to understand any differences between this analytic prior and full simulations from cosmological simulations, and to obtain samples from the full Bayesian posterior of the problem for robust uncertainty quantification.Results.We demonstrate the method in theκTNG simulations and find that the posterior mean significantly outperfoms previous methods (Kaiser–Squires, Wiener filter, Sparsity priors) both for the root-mean-square error and in terms of the Pearson correlation. We further illustrate the interpretability of the recovered posterior by establishing a close correlation between posterior convergence values and the S/N of the clusters artificially introduced into a field. Finally, we apply the method to the reconstruction of the HST/ACS COSMOS field, which yields the highest-quality convergence map of this field to date.Conclusions.We find the proposed approach to be superior to previous algorithms, scalable, providing uncertainties, and using a fully non-Gaussian prior.
Identifying the energy release site in a solar microflare with a jet
Authors: Battaglia Andrea Francesco , Wang Wen , Saqri Jonas , Podladchikova Tatiana , Veronig Astrid M. , Collier Hannah , Dickson Ewan C. M. , Podladchikova Olena , Monstein Christian , Warmuth Alexander , Schuller Frédéric , Harra Louise , Krucker Säm 
Published: December 2022

Context. One of the main science questions of the Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe missions deals with understanding how electrons in the lower solar corona are accelerated and how they subsequently access interplanetary space.
Aims. We aim to investigate the electron acceleration and energy release sites as well as the manner in which accelerated electrons access the interplanetary space in the case of the SOL2021-02-18T18:05 event, a GOES A8 class microflare associated with a coronal jet.
Methods. This study takes advantage of three different vantage points, Solar Orbiter, STEREO-A, and Earth, with observations drawn from eight different instruments, ranging from radio to X-ray. Multi-wavelength timing analysis combined with UV/EUV imagery and X-ray spectroscopy by Solar Orbiter/STIX (Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays) is used to investigate the origin of the observed emission during different flare phases.
Results. The event under investigation satisfies the classical picture of the onset time of the acceleration of electrons coinciding with the jet and the radio type III bursts. This microflare features prominent hard X-ray (HXR) nonthermal emission down to at least 10 keV and a spectrum that is much harder than usual for a microflare with γ = 2.9 ± 0.3. From Earth’s vantage point, the microflare is seen near the limb, revealing the coronal energy release site above the flare loop in EUV, which, from STIX spectroscopic analysis, turns out to be hot (i.e., at roughly the same temperature of the flare). Moreover, this region is moving toward higher altitudes over time (∼30 km s−1). During the flare, the same region spatially coincides with the origin of the coronal jet. Three-dimensional (3D) stereoscopic reconstructions of the propagating jet highlight that the ejected plasma moves along a curved trajectory.
Conclusions. Within the framework of the interchange reconnection model, we conclude that the energy release site observed above-the-loop corresponds to the electron acceleration site, corroborating that interchange reconnection is a viable candidate for particle acceleration in the low corona on field lines open to interplanetary space.
Global Coagulation Testing in Acute Care Medicine: Back to Bedside?
Authors: Caspers Michael , Holle Johannes Fabian , Limper Ulrich , Fröhlich Matthias , Bouillon Bertil 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives Detailed and decisive information about the patients' coagulation status is important in various emergency situations. Conventional global coagulation testing strategies are often used to provide a quick overview, but several limitations particularly in the trauma setting are well described. With the introduction of direct oral anticoagulations (DOACs), a milestone for several disease entities resulting in overall improved outcomes could be reached, but at the same time providing new diagnostic challenges for the emergency situation.
Design As an alternative to conventional coagulation tests, there is increasing clinical and scientific interest in the use of early whole blood strategies to provide goal-directed coagulation therapies (GDCT) and hemostatic control in critically ill patients. Viscoelastic hemostatic assays (VHAs) were therefore introduced to several clinical applications and may provide as a bedside point-of-care method for faster information on the underlying hemostatic deficiency.
Conclusion The use of VHA-based algorithms to guide hemostatic control in emergency situations now found its way to several international guidelines for patients at risk of bleeding. With this qualitative review, we would like to focus on VHA-based GDCT and review the current evidence for its use, advantages, and challenges in the two different clinical scenarios of trauma and intracerebral bleeding/stroke management.
Optimal 25-OH-Vitamin D Level in Children Derived From Biochemical
Parameters
Authors: Gillis David , Hefter Ari , Edri Shalom , Strich David 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the bone-optimal pediatric levels of
25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25OHD) by testing the level at which 25OHD optimally
effects calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone levels in a large
population-based dataset. This was an observational retrospective
“big-data” study. We analyzed 49 935 25OHD tests from children
sampled in Clalit Health Services, Jerusalem district between 2009 and 2019.
Associated data were available in the following number of samples: corrected
calcium; 18 869, phosphorus: 1241, and PTH: 449. We tested correlations between
each parameter and 25OHD, adjusting phosphorus levels by age using a
“phosphorus index”. Pearson’s and Spearman’s
correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the strength of the
correlation between 25OHD and each parameter. There was a significant
correlation between 25OHD levels and both PTH and calcium but not for the
phosphorus index. The level at which increase in 25OHD continued to cause
significant alteration was: for PTH up to 100 nmol/l
(40 ng/ml), for corrected calcium it increased beyond 100
nmol/l. Increasing levels of 25OHD levels up to at least 100
nmol/l are associated with improvement in parameters known to be
associated with increased bone mineralization. Therefore, one should aim for a
25OHD level of 100 nmo/l.
Design and Development of Halyos: A Patient-Facing Visual EHR Interface for Longitudinal Risk Awareness
Authors: Mataraso Samson , Socrates Vimig , Lekschas Fritz , Gehlenborg Nils 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives We have developed Halyos, a visual electronic health record (EHR) web application that complements existing patient portals. Halyos is designed to integrate with existing EHR systems to help patients interpret their health data.
Methods The Halyos application utilizes the Substitutable Medical Applications and Reusable Technologies on Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (SMART on FHIR) platform to create an interoperable interface that provides interactive visualizations of clinically validated risk scores and longitudinal data derived from a patient's clinical measurements.
Results These visualizations allow patients to investigate the relationships between clinical measurements and risk over time.
Discussion By enabling patients to set hypothetical future values for these clinical measurements, patients can see how changes in their health will impact their risks.
Conclusion Using Halyos, patients are provided with the opportunity to actively improve their health based on increased understanding of longitudinal information available in EHRs and to begin a dialogue with their providers.
Low-cost Colonoscopic Simulator and Colonoscope to Train Basic Skills in Colonoscopy during Undergraduate Studies
Authors: de Pinho João Henrique Sendrete , Riscado Lorrane Vieira Siqueira , Sales Marcos Paulo Moreira , de Souza Gabriel Seixa , de Castro Abner Ramos , Bechara Cristiane de Souza 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective To develop a low-cost simulator model and a colonoscope with materials that are easily accessible to offer training on colonoscopy skills during undergraduate studies. Since this is the procedure of choice for colorectal cancer screening, the general practitioner must be able to recognize its main indications, preparation, and complications.
Methods Using materials such as a mannequin, a vehicle inspection camera, a conduit, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe, acrylic, wood, and red paint, we built a simulator and a 150-cm long and 20-to-25-mm thick colonoscope. The colonoscope's handle and handhold were made of acrylic, the colonoscope's mobile end was made with articulated PVC rings, and the up and down movements were performed according to the traction of the steel cables. The camera attached to its distal end enables connection to a smartphone to view the image. In the simulator, the conduit was inserted into the mannequin to simulate the curvatures of the colon. Red spray paint was used to simulate the staining of the colonic mucosa in the inner region of the mannequin and the adventitial layer in the outer region.
Results We were able to build a simulator and a colonoscope with a total amount of R$ 182.82 (roughly US$ 36.50). Both were tested and proved to be useful in the acquisition of psychomotor and cognitive skills in colonoscopy.
Conclusion The simulator and colonoscope developed by us are cost-effective, useful in the acquisition of psychomotor and cognitive skills in colonoscopy, and can facilitate the structuring of a training program for undergraduate students.
India’s Afghanistan policy: a quest for strategic space post the US withdrawal
Authors: Ganaie Reyaz Ahmad , Ganaie Muzaffar Ahmad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper attempts to analyse India’s foreign policy towards Afghanistan in the post-9/11 era. While the 9/11 attacks marked the beginning of a new epoch in world politics, the ensuing US-led military intervention in Afghanistan offered India a much needed opportunity to re-establish diplomatic ties with Kabul. Since then, India has remained cautious in its approach toward Afghanistan by relying more on assistance-driven foreign policy measures rather than on engaging militarily in the war-torn country. However, the question remains as to what extent India has been able to create strategic space for itself in Afghanistan, given the fact that India had to shut down its embassy and consulates in Afghanistan in August 2021 when the Taliban regained control of the country? Or, has India’s policy been too reliant on soft power that India failed to capitalise on the opportunity created by the overthrow of the Taliban regime in late 2001?
Allied HealthWays – a clinical guidance website for allied health in an integrated health system
Authors: Eden Paula , McGeoch Graham 
Published: December 2022

Background and context The Canterbury health system adopted a whole-system approach towards integrated patient care. There was a need to optimise the use of allied health resources, across private and public settings. Assessment of the problem There was no common means for consensus and communication among allied health professions about consistent patient care, and barriers such as a lack of trust existed. This paper describes the implementation and monitoring of Allied Healthways, a website for allied health professionals, set up in 2017 using the HealthPathways approach. Results Over 100 pathways have been published on Allied Healthways, with >13 000 clinicians using the site in Canterbury. Targeted education sessions for allied health professionals, combined with newsletters, raised awareness of new pathways or changes in the system. A survey highlighted the usefulness of Allied Healthways, and the majority of respondents agreed that the site should be available nationwide. Strategies for improvement Development of pathways was found to be a useful mechanism for improving integration in the system. The workgroups and direct meetings engaged allied health professionals and helped achieve local consensus on pathways. They also enabled improvements to be designed and then communicated as a pathway. Lessons learnt Although the patient journey should be consistent, irrespective of their point of contact with the health system, guidance and processes need to be relevant to their target audience. It was essential to write pathways specifically for allied health professionals.
From modals to modal constructions
Authors: Leclercq Benoît 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to present the results of a corpus analysis aimed at identifying n-grams (i.e., lexical sequences) with the modalscan,couldandbe able to. While details about the functional profile of these verbs are still being discussed (e.g.,Leclercq & Depraetere 2022), it is surprising that relatively scarce attention is given to the lexico-grammatical patterns in which they are found and which come with their own semantic and pragmatic features. Using the methodology developed inCappelle and Depraetere (2016b), a total of 1,640 n-grams were extracted from COCA (Davies 2008-). A number of these patterns are discussed and, in keeping with the approach developed in Construction Grammar (Hilpert 2019), it is shown that an enhanced understanding of these verbs can be achieved when viewed as part of more complex networks of constructions.
Best-practice recommendations for cautery disbudding goat kids
Authors: Hempstead Melissa N. , Plummer Paul J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cautery disbudding is a painful husbandry practice routinely performed on goat kids using a hot cautery iron to destroy the horn buds and prevent horn growth. After a thorough review of the scientific literature on cautery disbudding of goat kids, it is apparent that there is considerable variation in disbudding practice in relation to training, kid-related factors (e.g. age, sex), iron-related factors (e.g. temperature, application time), procedure (e.g. horn bud removal), and pain mitigation, which all can impact the behaviour and welfare of goat kids. This case study provides best-practice recommendations for cautery disbudding goat kids. It is imperative that goat kid-specific training, with allowance for time and opportunities for practice, is provided to improve the technical ability of operators, and to reduce the potential for negative impacts on kid health and welfare. Procedural factors to be taken into consideration in preparation for disbudding include age of goat kid at disbudding, sex, temperature and application time of the iron, and whether the horn bud is removed. Goat kids typically are very vocal with rapid and intense movements during disbudding, and they perform head shaking and scratching following disbudding, which can be alleviated with appropriate pain management. Isoflurane or dexmedetomidine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as meloxicam can reduce pain, whereas lidocaine blocks have varying efficacy and cause pain to administer. Goat kid-focused best-practice recommendations for cautery disbudding can improve the health and welfare outcomes for goat kids.