bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Rates of Down Syndrome Diagnosis in States With vs Without 20-Week Abortion Bans From 2011 to 2018
Authors: Chaiken Sarina R. , Mandelbaum Ava D. , Garg Bharti , Doshi Uma , Packer Claire H. , Caughey Aaron B. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceMany states enacted 20-week abortion bans from 2011 to 2018. Such bans affect individuals who receive diagnoses of fetal anomalies and aneuploidy in the second trimester, preventing pregnant individuals from having the choice of whether or not to continue the pregnancy.ObjectivesTo examine the trends of neonatal Down syndrome rates and assess the association between enactment of 20-week abortion bans and rates of Down syndrome diagnosis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based, historical cohort study used National Vital Statistics System data on 31 157 506 births in the US from 2011 to 2018. Statistical analysis was performed from May 2021 to February 2023.ExposureStates were categorized as those with or without a 20-week abortion ban enacted during the study period.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDemographic characteristics between the ban and no-ban states were compared using χ2 tests and 2-sample t tests. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the adjusted odds of Down syndrome among births in states that enacted 20-week abortion bans after the abortion ban enactment, adjusting for state, year of birth, maternal race and ethnicity, age, educational level, insurance, and number of prenatal visits.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 31 157 506 births (mean [SD] maternal age, 28.4 [5.9] years) in the United States, of whom 15 951 neonates (0.05%) received a diagnosis of Down syndrome at birth. A total of 17 states enacted 20-week abortion bans during the study period, and 33 states did not enact bans. In both states with and states without bans, the birth prevalence of neonatal Down syndrome increased over time; in states with bans, rates increased from 48.0 to 58.4 per 100 000 births; in states without bans, rates increased from 47.4 to 53.3 per 100 000 births. In multivariable logistic regression assessing the interaction of time and presence of a 20-week abortion ban, the odds of Down syndrome were higher in states that enacted 20-week abortion bans after enactment of the law compared with the years prior to enactment of the ban (adjusted odds ratio, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.11-1.35).Conclusions and RelevanceIn the US from 2011 to 2018, neonatal Down syndrome diagnoses increased more in states that enacted 20-week abortion bans compared with states that did not enact bans. Because these abortion bans were enacted throughout the study period and are known to inhibit choice in patient decision-making, it is possible that the difference in the rates of diagnosis is associated with these policies.
Association Between Enteral Supplementation With High-Dose Docosahexaenoic Acid and Risk of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants
Authors: Marc Isabelle , Boutin Amélie , Pronovost Etienne , Perez Herrera Norma Maria , Guillot Mireille , Bergeron Frédéric , Moore Lynne , Sullivan Thomas R. , Lavoie Pascal M. , Makrides Maria 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceHigh-dose docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, may affect the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). However, high-level summative evidence supporting such clinical association in very preterm infants is lacking.ObjectiveTo examine the association between enteral supplementation with high-dose DHA during the neonatal period and the risk of BPD in preterm infants born at less than 29 weeks’ gestation.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, medRxiv, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to August 1, 2022, for eligible articles with no language restrictions.Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials (RCTs) were eligible for inclusion (1) if their interventions involved direct administration of a minimum DHA supplementation of 40 mg/kg/d or breast milk or formula feeding of at least 0.4% of total fatty acids, and (2) if they reported data on either BPD, death, BPD severity, or a combined outcome of BPD and death.Data Extraction and SynthesisTwo investigators completed independent review of titles and abstracts, full text screening, data extraction, and quality assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs were pooled using random-effect meta-analyses.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcome was BPD using trial-specific definitions, which was further stratified for RCTs that used a more stringent BPD definition based on systematic pulse oximetry assessment at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age. Other outcomes were BPD, death, BPD severity, or combined BPD and death.ResultsAmong the 2760 studies screened, 4 RCTs were included, which involved 2304 infants (1223 boys [53.1%]; mean [SD] gestational age, 26.5 [1.6] weeks). Enteral supplementation with high-dose DHA was associated with neither BPD (4 studies [n = 2186 infants]; RR, 1.07 [95% CI, 0.86-1.34]; P = .53; I2 = 72%) nor BPD or death (4 studies [n = 2299 infants]; RR, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.91-1.18]; P = .59; I2 = 61%). However, an inverse association with BPD was found in RCTs that used a more stringent BPD definition (2 studies [n = 1686 infants]; RR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.01-1.42]; P = .04; I2 = 48%). Additionally, DHA was inversely associated with moderate-to-severe BPD (3 studies [n = 1892 infants]; RR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.04-1.29]; P = .008; I2 = 0%).Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this study showed that enteral supplementation with high-dose DHA in the neonatal period was not associated overall with BPD, but an inverse association was found in the included RCTs that used a more stringent BPD definition. These findings suggest that high-dose DHA supplementation should not be recommended to prevent BPD in very preterm infants.
Assessment of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Primary Care Among Swiss University Students
Authors: Jäger Levy , Senn Oliver , Rosemann Thomas , Plate Andreas 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceHuman papillomavirus vaccination coverage rates lie below desired thresholds in Switzerland. Because general practitioners are the main contact for the relatively rare health issues of many Swiss young adults, primary care offers an important opportunity to provide catch-up human papillomavirus vaccination.ObjectiveTo examine the knowledge, experiences, and attitudes of Swiss university students in the context of receiving human papillomavirus vaccination during primary care visits.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis self-administered, cross-sectional, web-based survey study was conducted among students of 3 universities and 1 educational institution for health professions in the Swiss Canton of Zurich. Specific questions about human papillomavirus vaccination experience were directed to respondents who had received at least 1 dose administered by a general practitioner. Responses were collected during 12-week intervals between November 11, 2020, and April 7, 2021, and data were analyzed from August 3 to August 30, 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was whether human papillomavirus vaccination had been administered on the patient’s or the general practitioner’s initiative.ResultsThe responses of 5524 participants (median [IQR] age, 23 [21-25] years; 3878 women [70.2%]) were analyzed. The survey completion rate was 90.9% (5524 of 6076 students who consented to participate). A total of 2029 respondents (1792 women [46.2%] and 237 men [14.6%]) reported having received at least 1 human papillomavirus vaccination dose, of whom 740 (36.5%) had received at least 1 dose administered by a general practitioner. Among these, 190 respondents (25.7%) reported that vaccine administration had occurred on their request rather than on their general practitioner’s initiative. Among all respondents, 4778 (86.5%) wanted to obtain more information about human papillomavirus vaccination at a general practitioner’s office, and 2569 (55.3%) rated acute consultations in general practice as inappropriate for addressing human papillomavirus vaccination.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this survey study of Swiss university students suggest that primary care shows a high potential for increasing human papillomavirus vaccination coverage rates in Switzerland. However, there was room for improvement in the proactivity of general practitioners, especially with men, and in the attitudes of students toward the appropriateness of acute consultations in general practice for addressing human papillomavirus vaccination.
A Solar Responsive Battery Based on Charge Separation and Redox Coupled Covalent Organic Framework
Authors: Zhou Enbo , Zhang Xiang , Zhu Lei , Yuan Daqiang , Wang Yaobing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSolar‐responsive battery holds great promise in solar‐to‐electrochemical energy storage, but is impeded by the lack of efficient photoelectrochemical‐cathodes. Herein, a crystalline mesoporous (≈4.0 nm) covalent organic framework (TA‐PT COF) with repeating units consisting of covalently linked triphenylamine (TPA) and perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) is presented. The repeating unit functions as both a donor–acceptor pair and a dual‐redox site to realize a molecule‐level coupling of intramolecular charge separation (τCS = 136.2 ps, τCR = 949 ps) and reversible redox chemistry (C=O/CO−, TPA/TPA+). Equipped with this photoelectrochemical cathode, a reversible aqueous solar‐responsive battery delivered a reliable voltage‐response of 376 mV, an extra round‐trip efficiency of 35% and a good light durability (500 cycles). A photo‐coupled electron/mass transfer mechanism of photoelectrons for Zn2+ storage and holes for OTf− storage is further revealed, shedding light on a new photoelectrochemical cathode design based on charge separation and redox‐coupled COF for efficient solar‐responsive batteries.
A Phase Engineering Strategy of Perovskite‐Type ZnSnO3:Nd for Boosting the Sonodynamic Therapy Performance
Authors: Zhang Rui , Zang Pengyu , Yang Dan , Li Jiahao , Hu Narisu , Qu Songnan , Yang Piaoping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe sensitization performance of sonosensitizers plays a key role in the sonodynamic therapy (SDT) effect. Herein, ZnSnO3:Nd nanoparticles with R3c phase/amorphous heterogeneous structure are developed by phase engineering strategy and applied as an ideal sonosensitizer. In the crystalline perovskite‐type ZnSnO3:Nd, the substitution of the Zn2+ with Nd3+ causes the O 2p non‐bonded state to move toward the Fermi level, which optimizes the band structure for ultrasound sensitization by reducing bandgap. Meanwhile, the unequal charge substitution can also form electron traps and oxygen vacancies to shorten the electron migration distance, which accelerates the electron–hole separation and inhibits carrier recombination, thus improving the acoustic sensitivity. Moreover, the dangling bonds exposed on the surface of amorphous ZnSnO3:Nd provide more active sites, and the localized states of the amorphous phase may also promote carrier separation, resulting in synergistic SDT effect. In particular, the Zn2+ released from ZnSnO3:Nd in the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) reduces the adenosine triphosphate production by inhibiting the electron transport chain , which promotes the tumor cell apoptosis through destroying the redox balance of TME. Combining the inherent second near infrared and computed tomography imaging capabilities, this ZnSnO3:Nd nanoplatform shows a promising perspective in clinic SDT field.
Functionalized Rhodium Nanoparticles as Antimicrobial Agents for Treatment of Drug‐Resistant Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Authors: Tan Qingqin , Chen Zhenxing , Liu Lei , Huang Xi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSkin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections reported in outpatients. Drug‐resistant bacteria are the major cause of treatment failure and increased mortality rate in patients with SSTIs, posing significant challenges to human health. In this study, new‐generation rhodium nanoplates (RhNPs) and glycol chitosan‐ and polydopamine‐functionalized RhNPs (Rh@GCS) are developed for the treatment of drug‐resistant SSTIs. RhNPs exhibited favorable antibacterial activity against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Ag‐resistant MRSA. The modified Rh@GCS exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity and can directly kill various drug‐resistant bacteria by increasing the permeability of cell membranes, including gram‐positive MRSA and gram‐negative multidrug‐resistant Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). Moreover, Rh@GCS effectively inhibited bacterial growth and promoted the healing of skin lesions in MRSA‐induced SSTI mouse models. These results suggest that Rh@GCS is a promising nonantibiotic antimicrobial agent for the treatment of drug‐resistant SSTIs.
Molecular Locking with All‐Organic Surface Modifiers Enables Stable and Efficient Slot‐Die‐Coated Methyl‐Ammonium‐Free Perovskite Solar Modules
Authors: Rana Prem Jyoti Singh , Febriansyah Benny , Koh Teck Ming , Kanwat Anil , Xia Junmin , Salim Teddy , Hooper Thomas J. N. , Kovalev Mikhail , Giovanni David , Aw Yeow Chong , Chaudhary Bhumika , Cai Yongqing , Xing Guichuan , Sum Tze Chien , Ager Joel W. , Mhaisalkar Subodh G. , Mathews Nripan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the state‐of‐the‐art large‐area slot‐die‐coated perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is now over 19%, but issues with their stability persist owing to significant intrinsic point defects and a mass of surface imperfections introduced during the fabrication process. Herein, the utilization of a hydrophobic all‐organic salt is reported to modify the top surface of large‐area slot‐die‐coated methylammonium (MA)‐free halide perovskite layers. Bearing two molecules, each of which is endowed with anchoring groups capable of exhibiting secondary interactions with the perovskite surfaces, the organic salt acts as a molecular lock by effectively binding to both anion and cation vacancies, substantially enhancing the materials’ intrinsic stability against different stimuli. It not only reduces the ingression of external species such as oxygen and moisture, but also suppresses the egress of volatile organic components during the thermal stability testing. The treated PSCs demonstrate efficiency of 19.28% (active area of 58.5 cm2) and 17.62% (aperture area of 64 cm2) for the corresponding mini‐module. More importantly, unencapsulated slot‐die‐coated mini‐modules incorporating the all‐organic surface modifier show ≈80% efficiency retention after 7500 h (313 days) of storage under 30% relative humidity (RH). They also remarkably retain more than 90% of the initial efficiency for over 850 h while being measured continuously.
Entropy‐Mediated High‐Entropy MXenes Nanotherapeutics: NIR‐II‐Enhanced Intrinsic Oxidase Mimic Activity to Combat Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infection
Authors: He Xiaojun , Qian Yuna , Wu Chenglin , Feng Jiayao , Sun Xiaoshuai , Zheng Qinxiang , Li Xiaokun , Shen Jianliang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBacterial infections, such as bacterial keratitis (BK) and subcutaneous abscess, pose significant challenges to global healthcare. Innovative and new antibacterial agents and antibacterial strategies are in demand to control infections in this era of high drug resistance. Nanotechnology is gradually emerging as an economically feasible and effective anti‐infection treatment. High‐entropy MXenes (HE MXenes) are used to confer desirable properties with exposed active sites to high‐entropy atomic layers, whose potential application in the field of biomedicine remains to be explored. Herein, monolayer HE MXenes are fabricated by implementing transition metals with high entropy and low Gibbs free energy to fill the gap in the biocatalytic performance of non‐high‐entropy MXenes. HE MXenes are endowed with extremely strong oxidase mimic activity (Km = 0.227 mm) and photothermal conversion efficiency (65.8%) in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) biowindow as entropy increases. Subsequently, HE MXenes realize NIR‐II‐enhanced intrinsic oxidase mimic activity for killing methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and rapidly removing the biofilm. Furthermore, HE MXenes can effectively treat BK and subcutaneous abscess infection induced by methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus as nanotherapeutic agents with minuscule side effects. Overall, monolayer HE MXenes demonstrate promising clinical application potential in the treatment of drug‐resistant bacterial infections and promote the healing of infected tissues.
Ultrahigh‐Flux X‐ray Detection by a Solution‐Grown Perovskite CsPbBr3 Single‐Crystal Semiconductor Detector
Authors: Pan Lei , Liu Zhifu , Welton Claire , Klepov Vladislav V. , Peters John A. , De Siena Michael C. , Benadia Alessandro , Pandey Indra , Miceli Antonino , Chung Duck Young , Reddy G. N. Manjunatha , Wessels Bruce W. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSolution‐processed perovskites are promising for hard X‐ray and gamma‐ray detection, but there are limited reports on their performance under extremely intense X‐rays. Here, a solution‐grown all‐inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3 single‐crystal semiconductor detector capable of operating at ultrahigh X‐ray flux of 1010 photons s−1 mm−2 is reported. High‐quality solution‐grown CsPbBr3 single crystals are fabricated into detectors with a Schottky diode structure of eutectic gallium indium/CsPbBr3/Au. A high reverse‐bias voltage of 1000 V (435 V mm−1) can be applied with a small and stable dark current of ≈60–70 nA (≈9–10 nA mm−2), which enables a high sensitivity larger than 10 000 µC Gyair−1 cm−2 and a simultaneous low detection limit of 22 nGyair s−1. The CsPbBr3 semiconductor detector shows an excellent photocurrent linearity and reproducibility under 58.61 keV synchrotron X‐rays with flux from 106 to 1010 photons s−1 mm−2. Defect characterization by thermally stimulated current spectroscopy shows a similar low defect density of a synchrotron X‐ray and a lab X‐ray irradiated device. Solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy suggests that the excellent performance of the solution‐grown CsPbBr3 single crystal may be associated with its good short‐range order, comparable to the spectrometer‐grade melt‐grown CsPbBr3.
A Protophilic MOF Enables Ni‐Rich Lithium‐Battery Stable Cycling in a High Water/Acid Content
Authors: Sheng Li , Yang Kai , Chen Jia , Zhu Da , Wang Li , Wang Jianlong , Tang Yaping , Xu Hong , He Xiangming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTrace protic impurities, such as water and hydrofluoric acid (HF), can severely degrade the stable and long cycling of lithium batteries. Therefore, the costly water removal process is inevitably needed throughout production of lithium batteries, leaving the paradox that energy‐saving lithium‐battery technology consumes non‐negligible amounts of energy. Herein, a unique ionic metal–organic framework (MOF) is reported that enables highly destructive H2O/HF‐tolerant lithium batteries. The isolated ionic fluorine sites in the MOF exhibit unusual protophilicity and efficiently capture ppm‐levels H2O/HF from the highly polar electrolyte solvents. The resulting MOF‐based LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2│Li battery achieves over 300 cycles in the presence of 800 ppm H2O or 1107 ppm acidic impurity. This tenfold longer battery lifespan relative to those for batteries with conventional standard separators demonstrates its excellent electrochemical cycling performance. The results reveal that the rational use of unique nanoporous features of MOFs can provide new possibilities for long‐standing challenges in the lithium‐battery industry.
Visualizing the Atomic Configuration of Carbonate Groups in a (Cu,C)Ba2Ca3Cu4O11+δ Superconductor
Authors: Lin Renju , Wang Qing , Song Dongsheng , He Chengping , Hu Kejun , Liang Zhiyao , Du Haifeng , Hao Ning , Ge Binghui , Wen Hai‐Hu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCarbonates (CO32−) have always been known as impurities to degrade the superconductivity in cuprate high‐Tc superconductors. Herein, the atomic arrangement of carbonates is directly visualized in (Cu,C)Ba2Ca3Cu4O11+δ via integrated differential phase contrast (iDPC) combined with state‐of‐the‐art scanning transmission electron microscopy. The carbon atoms replace Cu atoms in the charge‐reservoir layers, contributing to the formation of carbonates through strong orbital hybridization with the surrounding oxygen atoms. Using first‐principles calculations, the spatial configuration of the carbonate groups is confirmed and their influence on the local crystal lattice and electronic states is further investigated. The carbonates not only accommodate distortions by improving the flatness of the outer CuO2 layers but also reduce the density of states at the Fermi level. These two factors play competitive roles to affect the superconductivity. This study provides direct evidence of the presence of CO32− groups and gains an insight into the underlying mechanism of superconductivity in oxycarbonate superconductors.
An Ultra‐Sensitive Flexible Resistive Sensor with Double Strain Layer and Crack Inspired by the Physical Structure of Human Epidermis: Design, Fabrication, and Cuffless Blood Pressure Monitoring Application
Authors: Li Junliang , Liu Ping , Hu Qiusheng , Tong Wei , Sun Yifan , Feng Han , Wu Shunge , Hu Ruohai , Liu Caixia , Wang Yubing , Tian Helei , Bu Yi , Zhang Yugang , Ma Yuanming , Teng Fei , Liu Jian , Guo Xinxin , Yang Austin , Song Aiguo , Yang Xiaoming , Huang Ying 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe cuffless blood pressure (BP) monitoring device has attracted much attention because of its comfortable and real‐time monitoring. Inspired by the physical structure of the human epidermis, an ultra‐sensitive flexible resistive sensor with a double strain layer and crack structure is prepared by screen printing in this study. The strain material of the sensor is mainly prepared by blending Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) :poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) with waterborne polyurethane and reduced graphene oxide. The sensor exhibits a high gauge factor (GF, ≈1682), fast response (≈48 ms), and long‐term stability (> 2000 cycles) at low strain (≈0–5%). The sensor is placed on the human radial artery and can accurately measure the pulse wave. The features of the pulse wave are automatically extracted using a convolutional neural network. Then the features are corrected using a long short‐term memory neural network, and the current BP value is predicted using a fully connected network layer. The BP result meets the A‐level standards of the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation and the British Hypertension Society. This study provides an efficient device and method for continuous and non‐invasive BP monitoring.