bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Managers' perceptions of masculinity and racialization in Swedish nursing homes
Authors: Storm Palle 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNursing homes for older people are an integral part in most postindustrial welfare states. The strong formalization and regulation of the Swedish care sector have contributed to a comparatively large share of frontline workers being native‐born Swedish women with a shorter educational background. Yet, an aging population in interplay with increased difficulties to recruit sufficient numbers of native‐born care workers has led to Sweden following an internationally observed trend with an increased reliance on not only migrant women but also migrant men as care workers in residential care facilities. However, little is known about migrant men's experiences of care work and the challenges and obstacles they might face because of their gender and skin color, not least when it comes to experiences of being exposed to gendered racism from the residents. The study builds on interviews with 21 managers employed at Swedish elder care facilities in the Stockholm area. The results suggest that both Black women and men to a greater extent than other ethnic minority workers risk being exposed to racism. At the same time, the results suggest that Black men, due to their gender and skin color, constitute the group of staff that most of all risks encountering racism in the everyday life of caregiving. Taken together, this points to the need of highlighting how stereotypes of gender and race as well as gendered racism are given and gain meaning in elder care. This points to the importance of not considering “migrant care workers” an undifferentiated category of workers when working on creating nondiscriminatory and inclusive working conditions for all visibly racialized care workers.
Perceived academic success of students during the third wave of COVID‐19
Authors: Ismail Akhlas , Schiff Miriam , Pat‐Horenczyk Ruth , Benbenishty Rami 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study examined the role of resource loss and gain in perceived academic success of higher education students during the COVID‐19 pandemic. A self‐administered questionnaire was distributed online to 10,830 students from six universities and four colleges in Israel between April 26 and July 5, 2021. We conducted descriptive analyses, correlations, and hierarchical regression to analyse the data. Consistent with the conservation of resources (COR) theory, the findings showed that loss of economic and personal resources correlated negatively with perceived academic success. But the findings were not consistent within the interpersonal domain: although loss of trust in the university correlated negatively with perceived academic success, both loss of trust in government and loss of close relationships correlated positively with perceived academic success. Additionally, gain in personal and interpersonal (perceived social support) resources were found to correlate positively with perceived academic success. The results suggest to address the needs of students in the areas of economic constraints, trust in the university, and personal resources. New programs that can help students mitigate their resource losses and enhance their positive resources should be implemented to enhance the perceived academic success and well‐being of higher education students.
Effects of glycation end‐products on the dental pulp in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Alsamahi Shaikhah , Milne Trudy J. , Mohd Hussaini Haizal Mohd , Rich Alison M. , Cooper Paul R. , Friedlander Lara T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimThis ex vivo study aimed to compare protein expression of advanced glycation end‐products (AGE) and receptor (RAGE), and the levels of selected genes associated with inflammation and collagen within dental pulp tissue from patients with type 2 (T2D) diabetes and non‐T2D.MethodologyNoncarious extracted permanent molar teeth from patients with well‐controlled T2D (n = 19) and non‐T2D (controls) (n = 19) were collected and compared. The coronal pulp was examined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) (n = 10 per group) for anti‐AGE and anti‐RAGE. Quantitative PCR (n = 9 per group) was used to analyse the gene expression levels of NFKB, S100A12 and COLIA1. Data analyses were performed between the groups using GraphPad Prism using Pearson correlation, Shapiro–Wilk and Mann–Whitney U‐tests, and multiple regression using SPSS.ResultsAGEs were distributed diffusely throughout the pulp extracellular matrix associated with collagen fibres and were present on several cell types. RAGE was expressed at the pulp–dentine interface and was observed on odontoblasts, immune cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Semi‐quantitative analysis of IHC samples showed significantly increased expression of AGE (p < .0001) and RAGE (p = .02) in T2D samples compared with controls. The expression of NFKB (p < .0001), S100A12 (p < .0001) and COLIA1 (p = .01) genes were significantly higher in the T2D pulp, and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that these findings were not affected by age.ConclusionT2D may exert a similar glycation response in the dental pulp to other body sites. This could occur through activation of NF‐κB pathways with a concomitant increase in genes associated with inflammation and collagen.
Bound form terpenes in sweet potatoes and their distribution in flesh and peel of different cultivars
Authors: Rodriguez Gabriela , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon , Aryana Kayanush J. , King Joan M. , Xu Zhimin 
Published: August 2023

SummarySix prevalent sweet potato cultivars, New Orleans, Beauregard, Japanese, Hannah, Garnet and Jewel, were selected to determine the distribution of terpenes in their flesh and peel. Free‐form terpenes were not detected in both flesh and peel in all the cultivars by using a solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC–MS) method. Major terpenes in the sweet potatoes were linalool and α‐terpineol and existed in bound form in flesh and peel. They were released as free‐form and determined after acid hydrolysis treatment. However, ultrasonication‐assisted acid hydrolysis decreased the levels of terpenes with increased treatment time because the broken‐down free‐form terpenes were volatile and rapidly evaporated or oxidised. For the selected cultivars, the Garnet, Jewel and Japanese cultivars had the greatest levels of linalool, while the Beauregard and New Orleans cultivars had the greatest level of α‐terpineol. Also, the concentration of linalool or α‐terpineol in the peel of each cultivar was approximately two times greater than in its flesh. This study revealed the bound form terpenes and their distribution in sweet potatoes. The results explored the potential utilisation of sweet potato peel as a natural source of terpenes.
Development of disaster nursing in Nepal: Opportunities and challenges for advanced practice
Authors: Paudel Sushila , Kanbara Sakiko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimThis article discusses the evolution of the field of disaster nursing in Nepal and its challenges and ways to protect the health and well‐being of the community during disasters. It also discusses the alignment of field activities with the International Council of Nurses' (ICN) competencies in disaster nursing.BackgroundDisaster nursing has become increasingly important due to the increasing frequency and impact of disasters on health. In Nepal, disaster nursing is a relatively new field, but it has grown over the years with nurses playing a vital role in providing holistic care during disasters, emergencies, and crises.Sources of evidenceLiterature review and experience from the field.DiscussionFollowing the Nepal earthquake, the concept of the “epidemiology nurse” evolved in Nepal which trained local nurses with disaster nursing knowledge and skills using the digital information, communication, and technology (ICT) toolkit for collecting real‐time information. Nurses monitored the environment, conducted physical and mental health assessments, identified the needs of vulnerable populations, provided basic aid, offered mental health support, and shared data with authorities. However, their competencies are not yet enough to fully align with those given by ICN nursing standards.ConclusionRecognizing the valuable contributions of Nepalese nurses in the field, their initiatives can serve as a foundation for advancing their roles in disaster nursing. It is essential to implement national disaster plans and invest in specialized university courses for disaster nursing training.Implications for nursing policyThe field experiences of disaster nursing reflected in this article can contribute to the development of policies and practices related to disaster management in adherence to the ICN' guidelines.
Pilot of asymptomatic swabbing of humans following exposures to confirmed avian influenza A(H5) in avian species in England, 2021/2022
Authors: Capelastegui Fernando , Smith Julianna , Kumbang Jharna , Humphreys Clare , Padfield Simon , Turner Jonathan , Mumford Andrew , Richardson Nick , Oliver Isabel , Dabrera Gavin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA programme of asymptomatic swabbing was piloted in 2021/2022 in England to further understand the risk of human infection with avian influenza in exposed individuals and to evaluate this surveillance approach as a public health measure. There were challenges in deploying this pilot that will need to be addressed for future seasons. However, there was one detection of avian influenza A(H5N1) in a human despite low uptake in eligible exposed persons. Future use of asymptomatic swabbing could help provide an evidence base to quantify asymptomatic infection, quickly identify signals of increased animal to human transmission and improve public health preparedness.
Family caregiver readiness to adopt smart home technology to monitor care—Dependent older adults: A qualitative exploratory study
Authors: Dermody Gordana , Fritz Roschelle , Glass Courtney , Dunham Melissa , Whitehead Lisa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to explore factors that influence family caregiver readiness to adopt health smart home technology for their care‐dependent older adult family member. Health smart homes are designed to remotely monitor the health and wellness of community‐dwelling older adults supporting independent living for as long as possible. Accordingly, if the health smart home is deployed into the home of a care‐depended older adult, it can potentially support family caregivers by facilitating workforce participation and give piece of mind to the family caregiver who may not live close to the older adult. However, wider adoption of health smart home technologies into the homes of community‐older adults is low, and little is known about the factors that influence the readiness of family caregivers to adopt smart home technologies for their care‐dependent older adults.DesignA qualitative Descriptive study design was utilized.MethodsQualitative data were collected between 2019 and 2020 via semi‐structured interviews. Thematic analysis of interviews was completed, and data were organized into themes.ResultsStudy findings show that caregiver readiness (N = 10) to adopt smart home technology to monitor older adult family members were influenced by five primary themes including a ‘big brother effect’, ‘framing for acceptance’, ‘data privacy’, ‘burden’ and ‘cost.’ConclusionFamily caregivers were open to adopting smart home technology to support the independent living of their older adult family members. However, the readiness of family caregivers was inextricably linked to the older adults' readiness for smart home adoption. The family caregiver's primary concern was on how they could frame the idea of the smart home to overcome what they viewed as hesitancy to adopt in the older adult. The findings suggest that family caregivers endeavour to balance the hesitancy in their older adult family members with the potential benefits of smart home technology.ImpactFamily caregivers could benefit if their care‐dependent older adults adopt smart home technology. Recognizing the role of caregivers and their perspectives on using smart home technologies with their care‐dependents is critical to the meaningful design, use and adoption.
Considerable gene flow in troglomorphic cockroach species across a vast subterranean landscape
Authors: Ewart Kyle M. , Kovacs Toby G. L. , Walker James , Tatarnic Nikolai J. , Clark Huon , Lo Nathan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimThere has been growing interest in non‐cave subterranean habitats and their influence on the evolution of troglomorphic (i.e. ‘subterranean adapted’) species. Studies on the diversification of aquatic subterranean organisms in these habitats generally support the ‘subterranean island’ hypothesis, whereby isolated subterranean refuges lead to patterns of short‐range endemism. However, their terrestrial counterparts have received less attention. We aimed to elucidate the applicability of the ‘subterranean island’ hypothesis to terrestrial subterranean fauna through genetic analyses of two widespread troglomorphic cockroach species. To investigate the influence of subterranean biogeography, we also analysed a closely related species that inhabits ‘classic’ cave environments to represent a contrasting biogeographic comparison.LocationPilbara region, Western Australia, and the Chillagoe‐Mungana Caves, Queensland (Australia).TaxaCave cockroach species:Nocticola cockingi,Nocticola quartermaineiandNocticola australiensis.MethodsWe used DArTseq to generate genome‐wide SNPs in 78 samples, and Sanger sequencing to generate 16S mtDNA data. We then applied various population genomic analyses to characterize the distribution of genetic diversity within the three study species.ResultsWe identified distinct genetic clusters within the two Pilbara species; however, there appeared to be a notable lack of discernible population differentiation across large parts of their range (>135 km), opposing the subterranean island hypothesis. The highest level of population differentiation in the three study species was between the two caves in Queensland, ~3 km apart.Main ConclusionsThe Pilbara subterranean habitat appeared to be conducive to gene flow across relatively large distances, contrasting high levels of endemism observed in other subterranean taxa within the region. The disparate patterns of gene flow among the Pilbara and Queensland study species emphasize the significance of differing subterranean habitats on patterns of dispersal and vicariance. These inferences will inform conservation genetic management of these species, and may help elucidate the evolutionary paradox of widespread subterranean fauna.
Institutional Inertia and Change: Explaining the Czech and Portuguese Engagement in European Defence Market Integration
Authors: Weiss Tomáš , Fernandes Sandra , Pisklová Miroslava 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Permanent Structured Cooperation in Defence (PESCO) and the European Defence Fund (EDF) constitute another attempt to consolidate the European defence market. In this article, we explain the different engagements of Czechia and Portugal in the two initiatives until 2021 through the evolution and reform of the domestic institutions governing their defence industrial policies. We trace how the institutions were established, how they contributed to the national position on PESCO and EDF and how the two countries' defence industries became involved. The article shows how the different institutionalisation of the defence sector allowed Portugal and its companies to participate more than their Czech counterparts. We contribute to historical institutionalist scholarship by evidencing the critical role of ideas in promoting and preventing policy change. We also offer an insight into the practice of European defence co‐operation and identify processes that challenge further integration.
A biologically oriented preparation technique (BOPT) for immediate posterior implant placement, immediate provisionalization, and definitive implant crown fabrication: A complete digital workflow
Authors: Laguna‐Martos Martín , Cascos Rocío , Agustín‐Panadero Rubén , Gómez‐Polo Miguel , Revilla‐León Marta 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveImmediate implants and immediate alveolar sealing have been a widely utilized treatment with high predictability and biological advantages. The improvement in technology has made it possible to simplify clinical processes. The aim of the present report was to describe the complete digital workflow of the Biologically oriented preparation technique for immediate posterior implant, immediate provisionalization and fabrication of definitive implant crowns.Clinical ConsiderationsThe surgical process and prosthetic management to preserve the gingival contours of the extracted natural tooth during immediate implant placement and provisionalization are described. Additionally, during the same clinical intervention, the definitive intraoral digital implant scans for capturing the implant position, peri‐implant tissue contours, adjacent and antagonist dentition, and profile emergence of the interim implant crown are captured for the fabrication of the definitive crown.ConclusionsBased on the technique described, the immediate implant placement and provisionalization in the posterior area provides biological and clinical advantages, reducing the number of abutment‐implant disconnections and the number of clinical appointments, as well as increases patient comfort.Clinical SignificanceThe present article describes a technique for an immediate implant placement and provisionalization in the posterior region for maintaining the gingival architecture of the extracted tooth. During the same appointment, the implant position, peri‐implant tissue contours, and adjacent and antagonist dentition, and profile emergence of the interim implant crown are captured by using an intraoral scanner and used for the fabrication of the definitive crown. This technique aims to reduce the number of abutment‐implant disconnections and clinical appointments.
Seven decades of plastic flows and stocks in the United States and pathways toward zero plastic pollution by 2050
Authors: Kan Mengqing , Wang Chunyan , Zhu Bing , Chen Wei‐Qiang , Liu Yi , Ren Yucheng , Xu Ming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe United States is the world's second‐largest producer and consumer of plastics and the largest producer of plastic waste. Understanding the sources, drivers, and destinations of plastic production, consumption, and waste is critical for the United States to develop strategies toward a zero‐plastic pollution future. Here, we characterize the dynamic material flows and stocks of plastics in the United States for nearly seven decades (1950–2018) and project the future trajectories until 2050 under various scenarios on the basis of reduce, reuse, and recycle to explore pathways toward zero plastic pollution. Our estimation shows that 1479 MMt plastics were produced in the United States from 1950 to 2018, 75 MMt waste plastics were domestically recycled, 139 MMt virgin polymers were exported, and 9 MMt recycled waste plastics were imported. Currently, about 326 MMt of plastics still remain in the society as in‐use stock, most of which (63%) are in the construction sector. Plastic pollution would almost double from 37 MMt in 2018 to 86 MMt in 2050 if current consumption pattern and waste management remain unchanged. Single strategies (i.e., plastic bag ban and extended lifespan) could only contribute limited reductions (2%–12%) of plastics pollution, and would not be able to reverse the increasing trajectory of plastic pollution until 2050. Additional measures are needed, such as improving recycling and avoiding landfilling of plastic waste. Our analysis can provide critical insights to help the United States develop long‐term strategies to mitigate and eliminate plastic pollution.
Quality of hematology and clinical chemistry results in laboratory and zoo nonhuman primates: Effects of the preanalytical phase. A review
Authors: Granat Fanny A. , Trumel Catherine , Braun Jean‐Pierre D. , Bourgès‐Abella Nathalie H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMost errors in clinical pathology originate in the preanalytical phase, which includes all steps from the preparation of animals and equipment to the collection of the specimen and its management until analyzed. Blood is the most common specimen collected in nonhuman primates. Other specimens collected include urine, saliva, feces, and hair. The primary concern is the variability of blood hematology and biochemistry results due to sampling conditions with the effects of capture, restraint, and/or anesthesia. Housing and diet have fewer effects, with the exception of food restriction to reduce obesity. There has been less investigation regarding the impact of sampling conditions of nonblood specimens.
Decision‐making trade‐offs: A classic grounded theory study of Chinese acute leukaemia patients and their family caregivers across the trajectory of illness
Authors: Wang Ying , Wu Yong , Hu Rong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAim and ObjectivesTo identify the main concern of patients with acute leukaemia and their family caregivers in the process of coping with the disease and to determine how patients and their family caregivers address these concerns on an ongoing basis.BackgroundAcute leukaemia is a progressive disease that may lead to physical problems and mental stress in patients. It also affects the psychological well‐being and quality of life of family caregivers. Nevertheless, few studies explore the behavioural pattern across the trajectories of illness in Chinese patients with acute leukaemia and their family caregivers.DesignGrounded theory.MethodsTheoretical sampling was performed to collect 14 sets of secondary data from Bilibili platform, literature, articles from WeChat official account, press releases and documentary. A total of 29 participants were selected to participate in semistructured interviews from the haematology department of a tertiary care hospital in Fuzhou, Fujian Province from January 2021 to November 2021. Data collection and analysis were conducted in a synchronous iterative manner until theoretical saturation was reached. Data analysis included open coding, selective coding and constant comparison, et al. The CCOREQ checklist was utilised.ResultsThis study discovered the main concern (i.e. seeking survival) and main behavioural pattern of how patients with acute leukaemia and their family caregivers addressed this issue. Three decision‐making strategies, ‘responding’ ‘accommodating’ and ‘resisting’ also emerged.ConclusionsThis study explored the behavioural pattern of patients with acute leukaemia and their family caregivers in the process of coping with disease. The study found that the main concern of patients with acute leukaemia and their family caregivers, and provided a theoretical basis for disease management and nursing interventions for them in the future.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe findings of this study contribute to nursing knowledge, practice in the field of patients' participation in decision‐making.Patient or Public ContributionDue to the characteristics of grounded theory (no presupposition of research questions), the interviews in this study mainly focus on theory generation. Participants were not asked to assess the burden of the intervention and the time required to participate in the study, as interviews were conducted for theory generation. This study may assist patients and family caregivers in obtaining better understand and adapt to changes across the trajectory of illness, as well as to promote public destigmatisation of acute leukaemia and reforms in family‐hospital‐community diversified care.