bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are transgender people satisfied with their lives?
Authors: Grupp Katharina , Blessmann Marco , König Hans-Helmut , Hajek André 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Our goal was to examine the proportion of transgender people satisfied with their lives (i.e., cognitive evaluation of life as a whole) and the determinants of life satisfaction level among transgender individuals.

Methods
Data were taken from the HH-TPCHIGV study. Included were 104 transgender people who had joined self-help groups to get and share information about the gender-affirming surgeries performed at the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf. The established Satisfaction with Life Scale was used to quantify life satisfaction. Sociodemographic-, lifestyle-related and health-related determinants were included in multiple linear regressions. In regression analysis, life satisfaction served as outcome measure and in a robustness check ordered probit regressions were used.

Results
Among transgender people, 12.9% can be classified as “extremely dissatisfied”, 18.3% can be classified as “dissatisfied”, 12.9% can be classified as “slightly dissatisfied”, 7.5% as “neutral”, 30.1% as “slightly satisfied”, 17.2% as “satisfied” and 1.1% as “extremely satisfied”. Higher levels of life satisfaction were associated with higher age (β = .15, p < .05), higher school education (β = 5.54, p < .001), and favorable self-rated health (β = 2.20, p < .001).

Conclusions
Nearly half of the transgender people were at least “satisfied” with their lives. Knowledge about the correlates of life satisfaction may assist in addressing unsatisfied individuals.
ILC2 regulates hyperoxia-induced lung injury via an enhanced Th17 cell response in the BPD mouse model
Authors: Zhu Yue , Mi Lanlan , Lu Hongyan , Ju Huimin , Hao Xiaobo , Xu Suqing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Backgroud
Recent research has focused on the role of immune cells and immune responses in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but the exact mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Previously, the key roles of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) in the lung immune network of BPD were explored. Here, we investigated the role Th17 cell response in hyperoxia-induced lung injury of BPD, as well as the relationship between ILC2 and Th17 cell response.

Methods
A hyperoxia-induced BPD mouse model was constructed and the pathologic changes of lung tissues were evaluated by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Flow cytometry analysis was conducted to determine the levels of Th17 cell, ILC2 and IL-6+ILC2. The expression levels of IL-6, IL-17 A, IL-17 F, and IL-22 in the blood serum and lung tissues of BPD mice were measured by ELISA. To further confirm the relationship between ILC2 and Th17 cell differentiation, ILC2 depletion was performed in BPD mice. Furthermore, we used immunomagnetic beads to enrich ILC2 and then flow-sorted mouse lung CD45+Lin-CD90.2+Sca-1+ILC2. The sorted ILC2s were injected into BPD mice via tail vein. Following ILC2 adoptive transfusion, the changes of Th17 cell response and lung injury were detected in BPD mice.

Results
The expression levels of Th17 cells and Th17 cell-related cytokines, including IL-17 A, IL-17 F, and IL-22, were significantly increased in BPD mice. Concurrently, there was a significant increase in the amount of ILC2 and IL-6+ILC2 during hyperoxia-induced lung injury, which was consistent with the trend for Th17 cell response. Compared to the control BPD group, ILC2 depletion was found to partially abolish the Th17 cell response and had protective effects against lung injury after hyperoxia. Furthermore, the adoptive transfer of ILC2 enhanced the Th17 cell response and aggravated lung injury in BPD mice.

Conclusions
This study found that ILC2 regulates hyperoxia-induced lung injury by targeting the Th17 cell response in BPD, which shows a novel strategy for BPD immunotherapy.
Outcomes of radial head fractures treated with pre-curved metacarpal plate
Authors: Yang Xiang , Zhuang Jiang , Xiaosong Zhi , Huasong Wang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
To explore the clinical outcomes of MasonII/III radial head fractures without the neck involvement treated with pre-curved metacarpal plates.

Methods
Ninety cases of Mason typeII/III radial head fractures without the neck involvement were retrospectively collected from the department of orthopaedics of our hospital from September 2015 to May 2021. Group A (n = 44) underwent open reduction and internal fixation with pre-curved metacarpal plate, and Group B (n = 46) were fixed by traditional T-shaped plates. The operation time and the incision length were recorded during the operation. The Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, range of motion (ROM) and post-operative complications were evaluated at the last follow-up.

Results
All the patients were followed up for at least 12 months. There were no significant difference between two groups regarding operation time (54.2 ± 12.1 v.s 51.3 ± 7.2, mins), MEPS (88.9 ± 4.2 v.s 87.8 ± 4.4), DASH score (7.3 ± 4.6 v.s 9.0 ± 4.0), VAS (1.6 ± 0.8 v.s 1.7 ± 0.7), and ROM. However, the incision length was shorter in Group A (5.6 ± 0.5 v.s 6.6 ± 0.5, cm, P < 0.01). The postoperative complication rate was also lower in Group A (1/44 v.s 8/46, P = 0.02).

Conclusion
Masson II/III radial head fractures without the neck involvement treated with pre-curved metacarpal plates could achieve satisfactory outcomes comparable to traditional T-shaped plates. Moreover, the invasiveness and postoperative complications are less in patients with pre-curved metacarpal plates.

Level of evidence
III, retrospective comparison study.
A comparative study of the curriculum in master degree of medical education in Iran and some selected countries
Authors: Farmad Somayeh Akbari , Esfidani Ali , Shahbazi Sara 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background

When training efficient human resources for the health system, it is necessary to train appropriate student teaching and assessment methods and necessary skills for educational planning and evaluation. Therefore, studies and efforts to train human resources in the field of Iranian medical education have begun since 1994. The aim of the present study is a comparative study of the curriculum in master’s degree of medical education in Iran and some selected countries.

Methods
This is applied, descriptive and comparative research. Data were collected by electronic search on the website of the selected universities. Each of these selected educational curricula, the newest curriculum of the studied universities at the time of the present research, was translated into fluent Persian and studied in detail. The model used in the present study is the famous Polish Bereday model. A quota sampling method was used and universities were selected at a 1:10 ratio from each classified area. Institutions that offered master’s degrees in medical education were chosen in each region using the World Health Organization (WHO) classification based on QS World University Rankings (2020). The data collection instrument was a researcher-made checklist, which was used to extract the relevant data available on the website of selected universities. This checklist consisted of eight items, which included course title, course length, mission, vision, goals, admission process, teaching methods (online, In-person, and both), educational strategies, teaching methods, and student assessment. These eight items were compared at selected universities.

Results
The samples included seven selected universities including Kebangsaan University in Asia, the University of Toronto in Canada, the University of Michigan in America, the University of Bern and Imperial College in Europe, Monash University in Australia, and Iranian universities. Student admission in Iran is carried out through a centralized exam; therefore, most faculties do not have the option to select students and criteria for student selection. The course length in all universities is between 1–3 years (depending on part-time/full-time) and most of the studied universities offer this field as modular degree courses.

Conclusions
The characteristics of the curriculum for the master’s degree of medical education in Iran and selected countries showed the differences and similarities of this course among the top universities of different continents. Unlike other countries, the curriculum for a master’s degree in medical education in Iran is offered in a centralized manner in eight universities of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti, Iran, Isfahan, Shiraz, Tabriz, Kerman, and Mashhad.
Publication rates of congress abstracts is associated with abstract quality: Evaluation of Turkish National Medical Education Congresses and Symposia between 2010 and 2014 using MERSQI
Authors: Sarı Elif , Nteli Chatzioglou Gkionoul , Aydın Çiğdem Yılmaz , Sarı Ferhat , Tokat Taşkın , Gürses İlke Ali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere are many parameters that could be used to evaluate the quality of scientific meetings such as publication rates of meeting abstracts as full-text articles after the meeting or scoring with validated quality scales/tools that evaluate individual papers, project proposals, or submitted abstracts. This study aimed to determine the full-text publication rates for abstracts presented at Turkish National Medical Education Congresses and Symposia and to assess the quality of given abstracts. Abstracts presented at national medical education congresses and symposia between 2010 and 2014 in Türkiye were evaluated. Initially, the abstracts were evaluated if they were published as full-text articles in international and national peer-reviewed journals following the meeting. Secondly, the quality of presented abstracts was assessed with the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) scale. Overall publication rate for the abstracts was 11.3%. The publication rate of oral and poster presentations were 26.6% and 8.1%, respectively. Oral presentations had a statistically higher publication rate than poster presentations (p = .000). The mean MERSQI score for abstracts was 7.73 ± 2.59. The oral presentations had higher MERSQI mean scores than poster presentations (8.28 ± 2.46 vs. 7.61 ± 2.6; p = .032). Similarly, published abstracts had a significantly higher score compared to unpublished abstracts (10.07 ± 2.74 vs. 7.43 ± 2.41; p = .000). Interestingly, there was no statistical difference between the mean MERSQI scores of the published oral and poster presentations (9.33 ± 2.45 vs. 10.61 ± 2.72; p = .101). This study showed that the main factor for a meeting abstract to be published as a full-text article is the scientific quality of the study. The quality of presentations at annual medical education meetings in Türkiye were low compared with international meetings which did not improve over five years. An institutional policy that would set quality standards for medical education research and increase the awareness of researchers on the topic might help improve the design, execution, and reporting of such studies in Türkiye. The MERSQI could be a valuable tool to monitor the quality of submitted abstracts and to increase the awareness of novice researchers on high quality research.
MPC-n (IgG) improves long-term cognitive impairment in the mouse model of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Zhang Chaonan , Wei Cheng , Huang Xingqi , Hou Changxin , Liu Chuan , Zhang Shu , Zhao Zilong , Liu Yafan , Zhang Ruiguang , Zhou Lei , Li Ying , Yuan Xubo , Zhang Jianning 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Contact sports athletes and military personnel who suffered a repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) are at high risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as advanced dementia and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). However, due to the lack of specific biological indicators in clinical practice, the diagnosis and treatment of rmTBI are quite limited.

Methods
We used 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-nanocapsules to deliver immunoglobulins (IgG), which can increase the delivery efficiency and specific target of IgG while reducing the effective therapeutic dose of the drug.

Results
Our results demonstrated that MPC-capsuled immunoglobulins (MPC-n (IgG)) significantly alleviated cognitive impairment, hippocampal atrophy, p-Tau deposition, and myelin injury in rmTBI mice compared with free IgG. Furthermore, MPC-n (IgG) can also effectively inhibit the activation of microglia and the release of inflammatory factors.

Conclusions
In the present study, we put forward an efficient strategy for the treatment of rmTBI-related cognitive impairment and provide evidence for the administration of low-dose IgG.
A polo-like kinase inhibitor identified by computational repositioning attenuates pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Imakura Takeshi , Sato Seidai , Koyama Kazuya , Ogawa Hirohisa , Niimura Takahiro , Murakami Kojin , Yamashita Yuya , Haji Keiko , Naito Nobuhito , Kagawa Kozo , Kawano Hiroshi , Zamami Yoshito , Ishizawa Keisuke , Nishioka Yasuhiko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal fibrotic lung disease with few effective therapeutic options. Recently, drug repositioning, which involves identifying novel therapeutic potentials for existing drugs, has been popularized as a new approach for the development of novel therapeutic reagents. However, this approach has not yet been fully utilized in the field of pulmonary fibrosis.

Methods
The present study identified novel therapeutic options for pulmonary fibrosis using a systematic computational approach for drug repositioning based on integration of public gene expression signatures of drug and diseases (in silico screening approach).

Results
Among the top compounds predicted to be therapeutic for IPF by the in silico approach, we selected BI2536, a polo-like kinase (PLK) 1/2 inhibitor, as a candidate for treating pulmonary fibrosis using an in silico analysis. However, BI2536 accelerated mortality and weight loss rate in an experimental mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. Because immunofluorescence staining revealed that PLK1 expression was dominant in myofibroblasts while PLK2 expression was dominant in lung epithelial cells, we next focused on the anti-fibrotic effect of the selective PLK1 inhibitor GSK461364. Consequently, GSK461364 attenuated pulmonary fibrosis with acceptable mortality and weight loss in mice.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that targeting PLK1 may be a novel therapeutic approach for pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting lung fibroblast proliferation without affecting lung epithelial cells. In addition, while in silico screening is useful, it is essential to fully determine the biological activities of candidates by wet-lab validation studies.
A liposomal carbohydrate vaccine, adjuvanted with an NKT cell agonist, induces rapid and enhanced immune responses and antibody class switching
Authors: Jia Ji-Xiang , Peng Sen-Lin , Kalisa Ndayambaje Yvan , Chao Qiang , Zhou Zhifang , Gao Xiao-Dong , Wang Ning 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) are genetic diseases caused by gene defects in glycan biosynthesis pathways, and there is an increasing number of patients diagnosed with CDGs. Because CDGs show many different clinical symptoms, their accurate clinical diagnosis is challenging. Recently, we have shown that liposome nanoparticles bearing the ALG1-CDG and PMM2-CDG biomarkers (a tetrasaccharide: Neu5Ac-α2,6-Gal-β1,4-GlcNAc-β1,4-GlcNAc) stimulate a moderate immune response, while the generated antibodies show relatively weak affinity maturation. Thus, mature antibodies with class switching to IgG are desired to develop high-affinity antibodies that may be applied in medical applications.

Results
In the present study, a liposome-based vaccine platform carrying a chemoenzymatic synthesized phytanyl-linked tetrasaccharide biomarker was optimized. The liposome nanoparticles were constructed by dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) to improve the stability and immunogenicity of the vaccine, and adjuvanted with the NKT cell agonist PBS57 to generate high level of IgG antibodies. The results indicated that the reformulated liposomal vaccine stimulated a stronger immune response, and PBS57 successfully induce an antibody class switch to IgG. Further analyses of IgG antibodies elicited by liposome vaccines suggested their specific binding to tetrasaccharide biomarkers, which were mainly IgG2b isotypes.

Conclusions
Immunization with a liposome vaccine carrying a carbohydrate antigen and PBS57 stimulates high titers of CDG biomarker-specific IgG antibodies, thereby showing great potential as a platform to develop rapid diagnostic methods for ALG1-CDG and PMM2-CDG.

Graphical Abstract
The association between study conditions and hair cortisol in medical students in Germany – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Heming Meike , Angerer Peter , Apolinário-Hagen Jennifer , Nater Urs Markus , Skoluda Nadine , Weber Jeannette 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Medical students often experience high levels of stress due to adverse study conditions, which may have adverse health consequences. Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) has been described as a physiological marker for chronic stress and might thus help to identify students under stress and examine the study conditions being responsible for long-term physiological stress responses. This study therefore investigated the association between study conditions and HCC in a sample of medical students.

Methods
Fifty-five students from a medical school in Germany completed a paper-based questionnaire and had hair samples collected between July 2020 and July 2021. Study conditions were assessed with student versions of questionnaires based on the Job-Demand-Control-Support model (StrukStud, 25 items) and Effort-Reward Imbalance model (Student ERI, nine items). HCC of two centimeters closest to the scalp were determined by a cortisol luminescence immunoassay. Linear multiple regression analyses were performed to examine associations between study conditions and HCC.

Results
Demands (B = 0.23, p = 0.002), effort (B = 0.12, p = 0.029) and the effort-reward-ratio (B = 0.28, p = 0.007) were positively associated with HCC in separate regression analyses, adjusted for age and sex. Only the association between demands and HCC remained significant when all components of the respective questionnaire were considered in the same model (B = 0.22, p = 0.003).

Conclusion
The results suggest that adverse study conditions may be associated with activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis stress response as reflected by increased HCC. Longitudinal research is needed to confirm these cross-sectional results and examine effects of more prolonged stress due to adverse study conditions.
Non-destructive pre-symptomatic detection of gray mold infection in kiwifruit using hyperspectral data and chemometrics
Authors: Haghbin Najmeh , Bakhshipour Adel , Zareiforoush Hemad , Mousanejad Sedigheh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractApplication of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and data analysis algorithms was investigated for early and non-destructive detection of Botrytis cinerea infection. Hyperspectral images were collected from laboratory-based contaminated and non-contaminated fruits at different day intervals. The spectral wavelengths of 450 nm to 900 nm were pretreated by applying moving window smoothing (MWS), standard normal variates (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), Savitzky–Golay 1st derivative, and Savitzky–Golay 2nd derivative algorithms. In addition, three different wavelength selection algorithms, namely; competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), uninformative variable elimination (UVE), and successive projection algorithm (SPA), were executed on the spectra to invoke the most informative wavelengths. The linear discriminant analysis (LDA), developed with SNV-filtered spectral data, was the most accurate classifier to differentiate the contaminated and non-contaminated kiwifruits with accuracies of 96.67% and 96.00% in the cross-validation and evaluation stages, respectively. The system was able to detect infected samples before the appearance of disease symptoms. Results also showed that the gray-mold infection significantly influenced the kiwifruits’ firmness, soluble solid content (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA) attributes. Moreover, the Savitzky–Golay 1st derivative-CARS-PLSR model obtained the highest prediction rate for kiwifruit firmness, SSC, and TA with the determination coefficient (R2) values of 0.9879, 0.9644, 0.9797, respectively, in calibration stage. The corresponding cross-validation R2 values were equal to 0.9722, 0.9317, 0.9500 for firmness, SSC, and TA, respectively. HSI and chemometric analysis demonstrated a high potential for rapid and non-destructive assessments of fungal-infected kiwifruits during storage.
First clinical experience with posterior lumbar interbody fusion using a thermal-sprayed silver-containing hydroxyapatite-coated cage
Authors: Morimoto Tadatsugu , Tsukamoto Masatsugu , Aita Katsuhiro , Fujita Nobuyuki , Mawatari Masaaki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the possibility of silver (Ag)-induced adverse events and the degree of bone fusion in posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery using an Ag-containing hydroxyapatite (HA) lumbar interbody cage.

Methods
An Ag-HA cage consisting of highly osteoconductive HA interfused with Ag was developed, and we applied it clinically at three university-affiliated hospitals from April 2020 to December 2020. During the 12-month postoperative observation period, Ag-related adverse events, neuropathy, and postoperative complications were investigated as indicators of safety, while clinical improvement and the fusion status were investigated as indicators of efficacy. Clinical improvement was defined as improvement beyond the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in the numerical rating scale (NRS; 1.6) for low back and lower limb pain and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI; 12.8).

Results
We performed lumbar interbody fusion using an Ag-HA cage for 48 patients (female, n = 25; mean age, 67.5 years). The mean preoperative NRS was 6.4 (standard deviation, 1.9), while the mean preoperative ODI was 44 [12]. No adverse effects (i.e., argyria) were identified during the 12-month observation period. Surgical site infection occurred in one case, although the implant was preserved via immediate debridement. In total, 39 (81%) participants showed clinical improvement beyond MCID for both NRS and ODI. Bone fusion was achieved at 45 levels (88%) at 6 months and 48 levels (91%) at 12 months postoperatively.

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that Ag-HA cages can be safely used in spinal fusion procedures and have the potential to prevent postoperative infections, prevent deterioration of the quality of life, and result in favorable outcomes. Larger-scale and longer-term follow-up studies will be required to corroborate these conclusions.
Trial registration UMIN 000039964 (date: April 01, 2020).