bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to avoid concerns with the interpretation of two primary endpoints if significant superiority in one is sufficient for formal proof of efficacy
Authors: Großhennig Anika , Thomas Nele Henrike , Brannath Werner , Koch Armin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFormal proof of efficacy of a drug requires that in a prospective experiment, superiority over placebo, or either superiority or at least non‐inferiority to an established standard, is demonstrated. Traditionally one primary endpoint is specified, but various diseases exist where treatment success needs to be based on the assessment of two primary endpoints. With co‐primary endpoints, both need to be “significant” as a prerequisite to claim study success. Here, no adjustment of the study‐wise type‐1‐error is needed, but sample size is often increased to maintain the pre‐defined power. Studies that use an at‐least‐one concept have been proposed where study success is claimed if superiority for at least one of the endpoints is demonstrated. This is sometimes also called the dual primary endpoint concept, and an appropriate adjustment of the study‐wise type‐1‐error is required. This concept is not covered in the European Guideline on multiplicity because study success can be claimed if one endpoint shows significant superiority, despite a possible deterioration in the other. In line with Röhmel's strategy, we discuss an alternative approach including non‐inferiority hypotheses testing that avoids obvious contradictions to proper decision‐making. This approach leads back to the co‐primary endpoint assessment, and has the advantage that minimum requirements for endpoints can be modeled flexibly for several practical needs. Our simulations show that, if planning assumptions are correct, the proposed additional requirements improve interpretation with only a limited impact on power, that is, on sample size.
Navigating Critical Language Education at the Crossroads of Neonationalism and Neoliberalism: The Role of Border Talk
Authors: Windle Joel Austin , de Araujo Rosa Jennifer 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the pressures placed upon English teaching by neo‐nationalist politics, particularly as it overlays existing neoliberal constraints. We focus on the experiences and perspectives of Brazilian teachers who are committed to critical language education even as it carries increasing risks to themselves. Interviews with five teachers are used to illustrate the ways in which their work is regulated through a form of power working through fear and threat of violence that has been termed (in)securitization (Rampton et al., 2022). By identifying the metapragmatic strategies adopted by teachers faced with hostile neo‐nationalist (in)securitization, including through what we are terming border talk, teachers and other agents in other settings are in a better position to strengthen critical language teaching and, as a consequence, fight for a more democratic future.
Decolonizing Academic Writing Pedagogies for Multilingual Students
Authors: Canagarajah Suresh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article discusses how academic writing pedagogies for multilingual students can be transformed by the literacy traditions that these students bring to North American classrooms. This is an embodied and personal rendition, situated in the author's South Asian literacies as illustrative of Global South traditions, and draws from his own empirical research and teaching practices for writing instructors in TESOL. Informed by developments in decolonization, the article highlights the principles of embodiment and relationality as significant for Indigenous and Southern communities, and contrasts them with texts being treated as autonomous and instrumental in the European tradition. It reviews the different pedagogical models in the disciplinary field of “L1 composition,” which also influence academic programs labeled as “L2 composition,” to demonstrate how recent revisions to accommodate social and material influences are still influenced by Eurocentric epistemological values of logocentrism, cognitivism, and individualism. After reporting from the author's study of scientific research writing to illustrate how its entextualization demonstrates the distributed practice of diverse social networks, material resources, and semiotic repertoires across expansive space and time, the article recommends an ecological writing pedagogy that draws from situated learning and embodied apprenticeship as practiced by Southern communities. (Translations of abstract inhttps://www.iris‐database.org/details/rV5zj‐95Z8L).
Calf health veterinary services: Making them work for calves, farmers and veterinarians
Authors: Aplin Kath , Morgans Lisa , Palczynski Laura , Main David , Debbaut Charlotte , Hepworth Lucy , Reed Jemma 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite an appetite among UK veterinarians (vets) and farmers to improve calf health, vets face challenges in delivering and sustaining proactive calf health services.MethodsForty‐six vets and 10 veterinary technicians (techs) participated in a project to determine what makes calf health services successful while improving their own services. In four facilitated workshops and two seminars, carried out between August 2021 and April 2022, participants described their approaches to calf work, discussed measures of success, identified challenges and success factors, and addressed knowledge gaps.ResultsMany approaches to calf health services were described, and these could be categorised into three overlapping models. Success involved enthusiastic, knowledgeable vets/techs, supported by their practice team, fostering positive attitudes among farmers by providing the services they need, creating a tangible return on investment for farmers and the practice. Lack of time was identified as the most prominent challenge to achieving success.LimitationsParticipants were self‐selected from one nationwide group of practices.ConclusionSuccessful calf health services depend on identifying the needs of calves, farmers and veterinary practices, and delivering measurable benefits to each. More calf health services embedded as a core part of farm veterinary practice could bring wide ranging benefits to calves, farmers and vets.
Applying DATEMATS Methods and Tools to Nanomaterials: A Design Challenge by the Company Antolin
Authors: Casas Robert D. Thompson 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA current area of R&D focuses on developing optimal workshop methodologies which are based on didact-creative programmes specifically tailored to stimulate creative insight within participants, through the delivery of perfected techniques in both knowledge transfer and creative development sessions. The overarching goal of these methods is to develop and deliver new and useful projected applications of material properties and technologies which, when combined, can progress into new and previously unforeseen advancements in innovation across diverse fields of applicability. Here, contending technologies, whichever they may be, are presented to a select public of participants, followed by various collaborative creativity techniques whereby the assimilated information is collected, categorized and then reassimilated into new forms of innovative ordering, structuring and integrated storytelling. Although a number of creativity and technology building workshops exist, this particular study relates to the methods for developing new art applications from distinct physio-chemical traits found among a diverse collection of nanotech materials, including and in particular, carbon-based ones. An object of this paper is to disclose the specific didactic and creativity techniques used in a workshop setting which was performed in collaboration with the Antolin group who is a manufacturer and provider of helical carbon nanofibers. A further objective of this paper is to derive conclusive evaluations and insights regarding the successes and failures encountered during the knowledge transfer phases and their conversion into creative insights and market potential. Various creativity fostering strategies are presented as they were adopted through third-party mediated practices in similarity-finding, inductive and deductive reasoning, exercises in free-association/abstraction and visual Imagineering of scientifically supported product outcomes.
Contextualising COVID-19: Domestic and Family Violence During Times of Crisis
Authors: Pfitzner Naomi , Fitz-Gibbon Kate , Walklate Sandra , Meyer Silke , Segrave Marie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis first chapter sets the scene for the chapters that follow by examining the ways that times of crisis (natural disaster, war, global health emergencies, financial crises) have impacted experiences of, and responses to, violence against women. This research is drawn together to focus on what was already known about the impact of such crises and the extent to which further knowledge on such impacts unfolded during the COVID-19 pandemic. The chapter goes on to consider why the ‘stay home, stay safe’ government-imposed restrictions, introduced at various times and in diverse ways worldwide, have increased the risk for women and children experiencing domestic and family violence. This chapter considers these issues and their variable impact and interconnections with social inequalities more generally through the lens of social precarity.
The Pandemic Pivot: DFV Service Innovation and Remote Delivery During COVID-19 Restrictions
Authors: Pfitzner Naomi , Fitz-Gibbon Kate , Walklate Sandra , Meyer Silke , Segrave Marie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGovernment-imposed restrictions introduced through the COVID-19 pandemic raised challenges for services providing support to victims of domestic and family violence. The lack of face-to-face services and the constant presence of perpetrators in victim-survivors’ homes during periods of stay-at-home restrictions limited specialist practitioners’ abilities to respond to DFV, to assess victim risk and to engage in effective safety planning. To counter these service system barriers, frontline and specialist DFV practitioners in many countries developed service innovations and pivoted to deliver support for victim-survivors remotely during periods of restrictions. This chapter considers some case studies of service innovation during the pandemic and reflects on the degree to which these offer lessons for practice beyond the pandemic.
Effects of Web Stiffeners Locations on Flexural Capacities of SupaCee Sections About the Weak Axis
Authors: Pham Ngoc Hieu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe paper investigates the influence of variation of web stiffener locations on the sectional capacities of SupaCee sections under bending about the weak axis. The SupaCee is the new section made on the basis of the traditional channel section by adding several stiffeners in the web of the channel section to increase stability. The variation of stiffener locations has specific impacts on the flexural capacities of SupaCee sections about the weak axis. With the asymmetrical character of the SupaCee section about the weak axis, the behaviour of this section is analysed when the moment direction is changed. The flexural capacities of cold-formed steel SupaCee sections are determined according to the Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 4600:2018. Based on the investigated results, it is found that the behaviour of SupaCee sections depends on the moment directions. Also, the web stiffeners should be kept far from the flanges which will be more beneficial for the flexural capacities of SupaCee sections about the weak-axis.
Numerical Analysis of Bearing Capacity of Basic Stress Unit Frame of Socket-Type Wheel Buckle Formwork Support Frame Body
Authors: Liu Heng , Xu Weiwen , Xu Hongtao , Xiang Xuemiao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSocket-and-socket wheel-buckle steel pipe formwork support frame is a new formwork support system, with fixed component specifications and fast erection speed, which can significantly improve the construction efficiency. Its application performance is different from that of fastener-type, bowl-buckle-type and plate-buckle-type, and there are not enough experimental and numerical analysis results to consult. Therefore, based on the bearing capacity test of the basic bearing units of socket-type wheel-buckle steel pipe formwork support, the finite element software ANSYS is used to conduct numerical analysis of 12 groups of basic bearing units, and the influence degree of vertical bearing capacity of different specifications of unit supports is studied by stud spacing and wedge tightness of cross bar plug. It is pointed out that the stiffness of formwork support in the vertical and horizontal directions should not be too different in the construction process.
Study on Performance of Pervious Concrete Modified by Nano-Silicon + Polypropylene Fiber Composite
Authors: Shan Jingsong , Song Chengfa , Zhou Shengbo , Duan TongJun , Zheng Shuai , Zhang Bo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to improve the comprehensive performance of pervious concrete, nano-silicon and polypropylene fiber were added to pervious concrete to study the change of performance of pervious concrete. Firstly, the effect of single doped nano-silicon on the properties of cement slurry and pervious concrete was studied, and the optimal water-binder ratio and nano-silicon content were determined. Based on this, mixed polypropylene fiber with different proportions of length of 18 mm to determine the reasonable amount of polypropylene fiber. The results showed that the compressive strength of pervious concrete was the highest when the nano-silicon content was 0.5% and the water-binder ratio was 0.32. Based on this ratio, the maximum compressive strength can be obtained by adding 1.0 kg/m3 polypropylene fiber, and the compressive strength of 7d and 28d increased by 29.9% and 42.2%, respectively. Adding 1.5 kg/m3 polypropylene fiber was the most beneficial to improve the freezing resistance of pervious concrete. For example, after 300 freeze–thaw cycles, the compressive strength residual rate was 62%. That's much higher than the 40 percent that was found when nano silicon was mixed alone.
Finite Element Analysis of Steel Tube Bundle Composite Shear Wall with Different Constructions
Authors: Wan Shengwu , Cheng Xueyuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to study the seismic performance of the steel tube bundle composite shear wall with different constructions. Based on the failure tests of three composite shear wall specimens without steel tube bundle end, with studs and stiffener, a feasible numerical model is established by ABAQUS. The hysteresis curve and energy dissipation coefficient, skeleton curve and ductility of the shear wall were further analyses by varying the axial compression ratio and the spacing of the internal diaphragm. The results show that the stud group and the stiffener group can effectively improve the horizontal bearing capacity, energy dissipation capacity, bearing capacity and ductility of the shear wall. Under the condition of low axial compression ratio, the horizontal bearing capacity of the member with stud is increased by 6.3%; Under the condition of high axial compression ratio, the horizontal bearing capacity of members with stiffeners is increased by 4.5%; The change of axial compression ratio and the spacing between inner diaphragms of shear walls with stiffeners has little effect on their energy dissipation capacity and ductility.
An Experimental Study on Intelligent Bearing System for Bridge Health Monitoring
Authors: Teng Gaofei , Cao Xinning , Gai Weiming , Jiang Ruijuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBridge Bearings are important devices for transferring loads between the upper and lower structures of bridges. They can ensure the safety of bridges and regulate deformation. They can also prevent bridge displacement caused by temperature changes, seismic forces, and other factors in various structural types. The status of bridge bearings can effectively reflect the healthy status of the bridge. Monitoring of stresses on bridge bearings can be used to evaluate the healthy status of the bridge structure. However, bridge bearings are installed in invisible locations, and traditional manual inspection methods cannot accurately determine their damage and degree of destruction. In this paper, an intelligent bearing pair is designed to resolve this problem. The designed intelligent bearing status assessment system with multi-level threshold values can trigger a warning when the threshold is exceeded. Experiments have been conducted to verify the accuracy of its signal processing.
Research on the Pore Characteristics of Dredger Fill By Preloading
Authors: Tian Jinfeng , Yan Huan , Zhao Guijie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the characteristics of dredger fill after preloading at the DaLian. Granulometric composition test and X-ray diffraction were employed to determine the composition of dredger fill. Mercury intrusion porosimetry was combined to determine the related features of the pore. This paper also discussed the changes in porosity, pore diameter distribution, and morphological characteristics of the pore. Preloading influence depth was established based on pore changes. The results show that: the dredger fill contained numerous clay minerals, mainly illite and illite–smectite mixed layer; and the influence depth established based on pore changes of the area was almost 11 m. Within the influence depth, porosity decreased rapidly as the depth increased, and the main scope of pore volume fraction changes from the scope of 0.06–10 μm to the scope of 0.1–1 μm. When depth was greater than the influence depth, porosity slowly changed, pores with diameters greater than 1 μm show an increasing trend. Thus, the soil was compacted.
Seismic Interferometry by Multi-Dimensional Deconvolution Free from Point-Spread Function
Authors: Bin Lu , Ji Wang , Huan Niu , Bo Li , Guangzhong Ji 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSeismic interferometry (SI) can be used to reconstruct a pseudo-acquisition from response of a passive source, while the reconstructed data can be used to recover a portion of the model space that is different from that recovered by the inversion of original measurements. The SI by crosscorrelation requiring the seismic wave field to be evenly distributed, which limits the scope of application of this method. SI by multi-dimensional deconvolution (MDD) broken through the limitation that the wave field must be evenly distributed, but there are still some limitations in some special practices. Interferometric point-spread function (PSF), like the correlation function, is a necessary condition of the MDD method, but in some practices it cannot be derived from the field data. A new MDD method is proposed in this paper that free from PSF, and theoretically proved that it is equivalent to usual MDD. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method with two numerical examples of one-sided illumination, and the source blurring phenomenon in the results of SI by crosscorrelation is effectively eliminated. The first numerical example is far-field one-side illumination, which can also be treated with the usual MDD, and the comparison of the results shows that the two MDD methods are equally effective. The second example is the near-field one-side illumination, and only the MDD method proposed in this paper can be used because the PSF cannot be obtained.
Water Environment Simulation and Ecological Restoration in Sanhekou Reservoir Basin
Authors: Zheng Yuqiang , Wang Ying , Gao Feng , Zhang Xin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSanhekou Reservoir is an important water source for the Han Wei River Diversion Project, which plays a very important role in supplying water to Guanzhong area. Taking Sanhekou reservoir basin as the research object, MIKE21 model is used to simulate the water environment of the reservoir basin. MIKE21 hydrodynamic module is used to analyze the flow field characteristics of the reservoir study area in high flow year, normal flow year and low flow year. MIKE21 water quality module is used to simulate the water pollution of the reservoir, and analyze the maximum concentration value of pollutant migration in 6, 12 and 24 h under four working conditions, as well as the pollution peak value of 5 and 20 km sections. The results show that the overall velocity variation range of the study area in the wet, normal and dry years is 0–0.139 m/s, 0–0.102 m/s and 0–0.096 m/s respectively. In the four working conditions, the maximum pollutant concentration of working condition 1 is 4.76 mg/L under 6 h of pollution leakage, and the peak value of pollutants under the four working conditions of 5 km section is larger than that of 20 km section. In view of the ecological environment problems in Sanhekou basin, reasonable ecological restoration suggestions and measures are proposed.
The Variation of Hydrological Regime According to the Daily Operation of a Complementary Hydro-Photovoltaic Reservoir and Its Impact
Authors: Wang Chonglin , Liang Sizhen , Feng Jingjie , Li Ran , Zhao Gaolei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDaily operation of a hydropower station is conducted to meet the energy requirement. The hydraulic parameters of the downstream are significantly affected by the dam operation, which has a negative impact on the aquatic system. When the multi energy complementary method is used, such as hydro-photovoltaic (hydro-PV) combined power generation, the problem will worsen. Hydropower station A (HSA) on River X was selected to investigate the impact of daily operation. HSA is a part of hydro-PV complementary power generation. The spawning and breeding period of typical fish, April to July, was selected as the study period. According to various scheduling, the changes of hydrological regime were analyzed. The results show that the maximum flow variation was 334 m3/s, and the variations in water surface width and velocity during reservoir operation were between natural conditions. The maximum daily water level variations under the two operating scenarios were 1.6 m and 3.5 m respectively. The remarkable change of water level may have a negative impact on aquatic organisms. Considering the daily variation limit of 1.2 m under natural condition, the relationship between the allowable daily variation of reservoir outflow and the reference base flow was proposed. The results in this paper serve as a technical reference for studying changes in the hydrological regime and lessening their impacts on aquatic organisms in hydro-photovoltaic complementary development.