bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Precise Genome Editing in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells through Dual Inhibition of DNA Damage Response and Repair Pathways
Authors: Park Ju-Chan , Kim Yun-Jeon , Kang Chan Young , Bae Sangsu , Cha Hyuk-Jin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Precise genome editing is crucial for establishing isogenic human disease models and ex vivo stem cell therapy from the patient-derived human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Unlike Cas9-mediated knock-in, cytosine base editor (CBE) and prime editor (PE) achieve the desirable gene correction without inducing DNA double strand breaks. However, hPSCs possess highly active DNA repair systems and are particularly susceptible to p53-dependent cell death. These unique characteristics impede the efficiency of gene editing in hPSCs. Here, we demonstrate that dual inhibition of p53-mediated cell death and distinct activation of the DNA damage repair system upon DNA damage by CBE or PE additively enhanced editing efficiency in hPSCs. The BE4stem system comprised of dominant negative p53 (p53DD) and three UNG inhibitor (UGI), engineered to specifically diminish base excision repair (BER), improved CBE efficiency in hPSCs. Addition of dominant negative MLH1 to inhibit mismatch repair activity and p53DD in the conventional PE system also significantly enhanced PE efficiency in hPSCs. Thus, combined inhibition of the unique cellular cascades engaged in hPSCs upon gene editing could significantly enhance precise genome editing in these cells.
Reciprocal Regulation of T Follicular Helper Cells and Dendritic Cells Drives Chronic Colitis Development
Authors: Bai Xue , Chen Sijie , Chi Xinxin , Xie Bowen , Guo Xinyi , Feng Han , Wei Peng , Zhang Di , Xie Shan , Gou Mengting , Qiao Qin , Liu Xinwei , Jin Wei , Xu Wei , Wang Xiaohu , Zhang Xuegong , Dong Chen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The immunological mechanisms underlying chronic colitis are poorly understood. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are critical in helping B cells during germinal center reactions. In a T cell transfer colitis model, a lymphoid structure composed of mature type 2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2s) and Tfh cells were found within T cell zones of colonic lymphoid follicles. Tfh cells were required for mature cDC2 accumulation, the formation of DC-T cell clusters and colitis development. Moreover, cDC2s promoted Tfh cell differentiation, contributing to colitis development. Importantly, a lineage-tracing analysis showed that, following migration to lamina propria, Tfh cells trans-differentiated into long-lived pathogenic Th1 cells. Our findings have therefore demonstrated the reciprocal regulation of Tfh cells and DCs in colonic lymphoid follicles, which is critical in chronic colitis pathogenesis.
Rationally engineered high-entropy oxides using finely tunable combustion synthesis for Li-ion battery anodes
Authors: Shin Dongjoon , Chae Seunghoon , Park Seonghyun , Seo Byungseok , Choi Wonjoon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
High-entropy oxides (HEOs) are promising conversion-type anode materials for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their excellent cycling stability and rate capability. However, their conventional synthesis and screening comprise time-consuming and complex processes involving phase and interface segregation of individual elements. Herein, we report a rational screening strategy for LIB anodes using precisely tunable HEOs fabricated by one-step combustion synthesis with different fuel-to-oxidizer ratios (φ). The slight fuel-lean condition (φ-0.95) facilitates a suitable temperature and anti-reductive atmosphere for the optimal HEO synthesis. This enables high crystallinity, perfectly homogeneous elemental distribution, and adequate porous structures without selective precipitation, whereas lower or higher fuel-to-oxidizer ratios result in forming an excessively porous morphology or the element segregation. HEO-based anodes with φ-0.95 exhibit outstanding specific capacity (1165 mAh∙g-1, 80.9% retention at 0.1 A∙g-1, and 791 mAh∙g-1 even at 3 A∙g-1), an excellent rate capability, and stable cycling life (1252 mAh∙g-1, 80.9% retention after 100 cycles at 0.2 A∙g-1). This design strategy will inspire fascinating HEO electrodes that cannot be achieved through conventional fabrication methods.
A stress-charged non-Newtonian-fluid persistent luminescent material
Authors: Zhou Jinyu , Wang Wenxiang , Wang Shanwen , Wang Jia , Gu Yan , Jin Xianfeng , Tian Birong , Wang Yuhua , Zhang Jiachi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
It presents a BaSi2O2N2:Eu2+/PVA persistent luminescence (PersL) gel material that traps can be charged by stress instead of irradiation. It can emit green PersL without preirradiation at room temperature, and even after initial PersL disappears, stored PersL traces can be stimulated again at high temperature. The gel material is demonstrated to be a typical non-Newtonian fluid showing shear thinning characteristics and variable mechanical behaviors. It is viscous at low frequencies, but exhibits elastic behaviors at high frequencies. Typically, the gel material can be made into fixed shapes or pulled into strips. Also, it can be hard enough to bore holes on apples, elastic enough to bounce and even melt. Furthermore, the gel material shows good stability, self-healing, water resistance and biocompatibility. Some typical intelligent light-emitting devices based on the BaSi2O2N2:Eu2+/PVA gel material are designed to show potential applications in safety signage, emergency lighting, anticounterfeiting and tooth occlusion analysis.
Contrasting Negative Effects of Multipollutant Exposure on Femoral and Spinal Bone Mineral Density: Findings from a Population-based Study in US Adults
Authors: Zheng Zitian , Luo Huanhuan , Xu Wennan , Shi Lei , Wang Fei , Qiu Yudian , Wang Lin , Xu Yanan , Sun Chao , Xue Qingyun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Summary
Multipollutant exposures negatively impact femoral and spinal bone mineral density (BMD) in US adults. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are detrimental to femoral BMD, while phthalates are associated with decreased spinal BMD. Urgent actions are required to mitigate these environmental exposures and preserve bone health.
Purpose:
The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between environmental exposures and osteoporosis. The study aimed to assess the impact of four categories of environmental chemicals, namely heavy metals, phthalates, PAHs, and phenols, on BMD.
Methods:
A population-based sample of 3029 participants from the United States was utilized for this investigation. Various statistical methods including generalized linear regression, generalized additive models (GAMs), quantile g-computation (Qgcomp) approach, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were employed to analyze the relationship between environmental chemicals and BMD.
Results:
The study findings demonstrate a negative association between blood and urine levels of environmental chemicals and BMD in the US adult population. Notably, the association between chemical exposure and BMD varied significantly between the spine and femur regions. The analysis further revealed distinct negative correlations between chemical mixtures and BMD in these two regions.
Conclusion:
This study provides compelling evidence of the detrimental effects of multipollutant exposures to heavy metals, phthalates, PAHs, and phenols on BMD in the US population. Moreover, the study highlights the divergent negative associations observed between the spine and femur regions, with PAHs exerting a more pronounced adverse effect on BMD in the femoral region and phthalates exhibiting a stronger negative association with BMD in the total spine. These findings underscore the importance of minimizing exposure to these specific pollutants, particularly in individuals experiencing disparities in BMD between the spine and femur.
DMKT: Dynamic Mining for Proof of Working Based on KNN Trust Model
Authors: Wang Hui , Hu Yanlan , Zhang Xiaowei , Yang Zhenyu , Hu Donghui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Blockchain as a technological foundation for achieving secure data transmission between peers is a very promising platform in various fields. PoW is a widely used consensus algorithm in blockchain systems, but it still faces issues such as low throughput and resource waste. In order to address these issues, we have proposed a new consensus protocol called DMKT, which aims to improve the system's throughput and reduce resource waste. The DMKT model dynamically adjusts the mining difficulty of nodes based on their trust values. In this paper, we use machine learning to classify transactions generated by nodes and calculate the classification results, which are used as parameters to calculate node trust values. We also incorporate the inherent properties of nodes in the blockchain system and the evaluation attributes of neighbors into the system calculation of trust values. Additionally, in this model, the trust values of the nodes are recalculated after each cycle, thus avoiding the problem of power concentration caused by always selecting a single node to maintain the accounting.Through this dynamic adjustment of node mining difficulty, the trust value increases, the mining difficulty decreases, and the trust value decreases, the mining difficulty increases, thus improving system performance.
Bergenin suppresses the changes in gut microbiota and colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium in KM mice
Authors: Wang Yisheng , Yu Lixia , Li Xueyuan , Chen Huan , Ren Peng , Li Na , Jiang Lei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Gut dysbiosis is associated with various health conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract that has no cure. One potential approach for managing IBD is the use of natural products that have anti-inflammatory and gut microbiota-regulating effects. Bergenin is a bioactive compound obtained from plants, and its therapeutic potential in IBD has not been extensively studied.Objective This study aimed to investigate the potential of bergenin in regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by colitis in a mouse model.Methods and Results In this study, a colitis mouse model was established by exposing mice to 2.5% DSS for 7 days. The clinical symptoms were assessed, and the composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results revealed that the treatment with bergenin (50 mg/Kg/d) significantly improved clinical symptoms compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The degree of histological damage was also lower in the bergenin-treated group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The dysbiosis of the gut microbiota caused by DSS was significantly attenuated by bergenin treatment compared to the control group (P < 0.01). The treatment with bergenin led to increased species diversity and relative abundance of the genus Barnesiella.Conclusion The study findings suggest that bergenin has the potential to maintain gut health by suppressing dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and ameliorating clinical symptoms caused by DSS. Bergenin may be considered a potential therapeutic agent for managing IBD in the future. However, further studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of bergenin on gut microbiota and its safety before clinical use.
Viscoelastic–plastic rheological model and its application to tunnels
Authors: Li Hao , Yan Qixiang , Zhang Hong , Wu Lizhou , Zhou Jianting 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Tunnels exhibit obvious continuous deformation during excavation and operation. This behavior is closely associated with the time-dependent behavior of rocks, which is induced by groundwater level fluctuation. This paper proposes a rheological model consisting of a Hooke elastomer, Kelvin body, and novel plastic element in series (called the HKP model) to describe the creep response of rocks with consideration to groundwater change characterized by dry–wet cycles. First, dry–wet cycle creep tests were carried out to investigate the time-dependent behavior, that is, the creep behavior of sandstone. Then, the creep equation of the viscoelastic–plastic model was derived, and the damage coefficients under the effect of dry–wet cycles and time were obtained. Finally, the HKP model was established to investigate the continuous deformation during tunnel excavation. The results reveal that dry–wet cycles have obvious effects on the physical properties and creep behavior of sandstone. The creep behavior of sandstone undergoes three stages, namely, the decaying, steady, and accelerated stages, which can be reasonably described by the proposed HKP model. Tunnels exhibit obvious creep behavior owing to excavation. The proposed model can accurately predict tunnel deformation in practice. Thus, the HKP model can help in establishing tunnel maintenance strategies to ensure long–term safety.
Multi-phase-field approach to fracture demonstrating the role of solid-solid interface energy on crack propagation
Authors: Jafarzadeh Hossein , Shchyglo Oleg , Steinbach Ingo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A multi-phase-field approach for crack propagation considering the contribution of the interface energy is presented. The interface energy is either the grain boundary energy or the energy between a pair of solid phases and is directly incorporated into to the Ginzburg-Landau equation for fracture. The finite difference method is utilized to solve the crack phase field evolution equation and fast Fourier method is used to solve the mechanical equilibrium equation in three dimensions for a polycrystalline material. The importance of the interface (grain boundary) energy is analyzed numerically for various model problems. The results show how the interface energy variations change the crack trajectory between the intergranular and transgranular fracture.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) MSC code1 · MSC code2 · more
Trace Elements in the Meat and Internal Organs of the Mountain Hare (Lepus timidus L., 1758) in the North of the Krasnoyarsk Region
Authors: Kochkarev Pavel , Koshurnikova Maria , Sergeyev Alexey , Shiryaev Valery 
Published: June 2023

Relevant data on trace elements and toxic metals in game meat make it possible to monitor chemical pollution, as well as to detect risks to human and animal health.
The authors used atomic absorption spectrometry to study iron, copper, zinc, lead, and cadmium in the skeletal muscles, liver, and kidneys of mountain hares (Lepus timidus L.) (n = 107). The animals were caught during two seasons on reference sites and technogenic territories in the northern Krasnoyarsk Region.
The samples obtained from the hares that lived on the reference sites had a much lower content of toxic metals. The tissues that belonged to the hares from the polluted habitats contained more lead and cadmium while the samples from the reference sites demonstrated traces of such biogenic elements as copper, zinc, and iron. The differences may be associated with the antagonism of biogenic elements and toxic metals in the body. The correlations between various metals probably meant that they came from one and the same pollution source.
The levels of cadmium and lead in the samples from the technogenic areas were not hazardous to animal health. However, their meat and liver were unfit to eat. Therefore, hunting in the areas of technogenic pollution can pose a toxic hazard to indigenous hunters and their families.
Cold Atmospheric Gas Plasma Processing of Apple Slices
Authors: Sosnin Maxim , Shorstkii Ivan 
Published: June 2023

The food industry needs more effective drying procedures that would maintain the quality of the original fruit or vegetable. Infrared drying combined with advanced electrophysical technologies may be a perfect solution. The present research objective was to study the effect of low-temperature atmospheric gas plasma treatment on the drying efficiency of apple slices.
The research featured apples of the Idared variety (Russia) sliced into pieces of 5, 7, and 10 mm. The experiment involved the parameters of drying kinetics and moisture diffusion. The quality of the apple slices was assessed by the total content of phenols and flavonoids, generalized antiradical activity, color characteristics, and the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum.
The electropores induced by the cold atmospheric gas plasma processing had a tree-like structure. The pre-treatment reduced the drying time by 18.0, 13.0 and 10.5% for the samples with a thickness of 5, 7, and 10 mm, respectively. The specific energy consumption decreased by 15–18%, depending on the slice thickness. The pre-treatment also increased the total content of phenols, flavonoids, and antiradical activity by 2.5–14.3, 19.1–25.9, and 8.3–35.4%, respectively.
Therefore, the pre-treatment with cold atmospheric gas plasma reduced the drying time and preserved the original biologically active compounds in dried apple slices.
A comprehensive field investigation of the dynamic break-up processes on the Chaudière River, Quebec, Canada
Authors: Ghobrial Tadros , Pelchat Gabriel , Morse Brian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Chaudière River in Quebec, Canada, is well known for its frequent ice jam flooding events. As part of a larger watershed research program, an extensive field campaign has been carried out during the 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 winter seasons to quantify the spatiotemporal characteristics of the break-up processes along the Chaudière River. The results showed that mid-winter ice jams have formed in the Intermediate Chaudière and persisted until spring break-up. Spring break-ups were initiated in the Upper Chaudière, and then, almost simultaneously, in the Intermediate and Lower Chaudière reaches. The break-up in the Intermediate Chaudière usually lasts longer than the rest of the river since the slope is much milder, and the occurrence of mid-winter ice jams has been seen to delay the ice clearing. A reach-by-reach characterization of the cumulative degree day of thawing and discharge thresholds for the onset of break-up has been identified. During the field campaign, 51 ice jams were documented together with their location, length, date of formation, and the morphological feature triggering jam formation. Break-up patterns, hydrometeorological thresholds of ice mobilization, and ice jam sites identified in this study can serve as a basis for the implementation of an early warning system.
A H2O2-free heterogeneous Fenton process for the degradation of lincomycin using natural structural iron-containing clay mineral and dimethoxyhydroquinone with in situ generated hydroxyl radicals
Authors: Huang Jian , Zhang Yifan , Gao Zhicheng , Wang Yi , Wei Jiayi , Zhang Zhiyuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The heterogeneous Fenton process is a strategy for overcoming the greatest shortcomings of traditional homogeneous Fenton, i.e. the high generation of ferric hydroxide sludge and effectivity in a limited pH range. In this study, we constructed a heterogeneous Fenton system with natural iron-bearing clay mineral (nontronite) and dimethoxyhydroquinone (DMHQ) to degrade lincomycin (LCM) without the addition of H2O2. The degradation mechanism was derived from the hydroxyl radicals (•OH) produced from the oxygenation of Fe(II) in nontronites, which was reduced by DMHQ. Acidic conditions and low concentrations of LCM were favourable for LCM degradation. When the solution pH increased from 3 to 7, the final LCM removal ratio decreased from 95 to 46%. However, LCM can still be degraded by 46% under neutral conditions and 20% at the LCM concentration of 500 μmol/L. The nontronite has good reusability, and the LCM degradation efficiency in the fourth cycle still exceeded 90% of the original efficiency. The degradation sites of LCM mainly occurred in the methyl thioether moiety and the aliphatic amine group on the pyrrolidine ring, with the final product of CO2. This research presents a new eco-friendly and cost-effective method for the heterogenous Fenton process without external H2O2.
Novel Perspectives on Nanotechnological and Biomedical Implications of
Monotherapy or Combination Regimen of Lactoferrin
Authors: Chen Kuo , Zhang Jin , Beeraka Narasimha M. , Li Jialing , Sinelnikov Mikhail Y. , Zhang Xinliang , Cao Yu , Zakharova Darya K. , Nikolenko Vladimir N. , Reshetov Igor V. , Lu Pengwei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
Lactoferrin (LF) is a protein molecule with a wide variety of physiological properties. LF has broadspectrum
antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, and antitumor, and possesses immunomodulatory properties to regulate
immunity and gastrointestinal function. The main aim of this review is to explore the recent investigations
on the functional role of LF against several human disorders and diseases through monotherapy or combinatorial
regimens with other biological/chemotherapeutic agents through novel nanoformulations. We significantly
searched public databases such as Pubmed, National Library of Medicine, relemed, Scopus and collected published
reports pertaining to these recent reports on lactoferrin as a monotherapy or combination therapy, and its
nanoformulations. We have discussed vividly the role of LF as a growth factor with substantial potential that
can promote cell growth and regeneration potential for repairing tissues such as bone, skin, mucosa, and tendons.
In addition, we have discussed novel perspectives on the role of LF as an inductive factor for the proliferation
of stem cells in tissue recovery and discussed its novel modulating effects in ameliorating cancer and microbial
growth through several signaling cascades via monotherapy or combinatorial regimens. Furthermore, the regeneration
potential of this protein is reviewed to explore the efficacy and prospects of new treatment methods.
This review benefits various microbiologists, stem cell therapists, and oncologists to explore the efficacy of LF
in several segments of medicine by examining its ability as a stem cell differentiation factor, and anticancer
agent or antimicrobial agent through novel formulations in preclinical or clinical study.
Improved Antitumor Efficacy of a Dextran-based Docetaxel-coupled
Conjugate against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Lv Hongshuai , Jia Weiping , Dong Peng , Liu Jiaojiao , Wang Si , Li Xiaohai , Hu Jinghua , Zhao Ling , Shi Yikang 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Most chemotherapeutic agents are characterized by poor water solubility and
non-specific distribution. Polymer-based conjugates are promising strategies for overcoming these limitations.

Objective:
This study aims to fabricate a polysaccharide, dextran-based, dual-drug conjugate by covalently
grafting docetaxel (DTX) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) onto the bifunctionalized dextran
through a long linker, and to investigate the antitumor efficacy of this conjugate against breast cancer.

Methods:
DTX was firstly coupled with DHA and covalently bounded with the bifunctionalized dextran
(100 kDa) through a long linker to produce a conjugate dextran-DHA-DTX (termed C-DDD). Cytotoxicity
and cellular uptake of this conjugate were measured in vitro. Drug biodistribution and pharmacokinetics
were investigated through liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. The inhibitory
effects on tumor growth were evaluated in MCF-7- and 4T1-tumor-bearing mice.

Results:
The loading capacity of the C-DDD for DTX was 15.90 (weight/weight). The C-DDD
possessed good water solubility and was able to self-assemble into nanoparticles measuring 76.8 ± 5.5
nm. The maximum plasma concentration and area under the curve (0-∞) for the released DTX and total
DTX from the C-DDD were significantly enhanced compared with the conventional DTX formulation.
The C-DDD selectively accumulated in the tumor, with limited distribution was observed in normal
tissues. The C-DDD exhibited greater antitumor activity than the conventional DTX in the triplenegative
breast cancer model. Furthermore, the C-DDD nearly eliminated all MCF-7 tumors in nude
mice without leading to systemic adverse effects.

Conclusion:
This dual-drug C-DDD has the potential to become a candidate for clinical application
through the optimization of the linker.