bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control over the stability of banking activity during war in Ukraine
Authors: Nakonechna A. 
Published: September 2023

This article is devoted to control (supervision and regulation) in the field of banking activity and its condition in Ukraine during the deployment and spread of the military aggression of the Russian Federation in relation to Ukraine and in the current period (the large-scale Russian-Ukrainian war that began on February twenty-fourth, two thousand and twenty the second year and continues to this day).
The state in general, and especially during the period of martial law, is entrusted with strict control (supervision and regulation) in the field of banking activity, since this sector is very important due to the fact that it is the basis of the stable development of the economy of any state. However, well-known crises that occurred earlier and occur quite often these days testify to the imperfection of regulation and supervision in the field of banking activity. So, for example, one of the last most painful crises, which, unfortunately, is still ongoing, began back in the year 2014 during the deployment of the «hybrid war» of the Russian Federation against the integrity of Ukraine in the East of Ukraine and the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. The specified crisis is a vivid example of the imperfection of supervision and regulation of the economic sector, and especially of the regulation of the banking system, including the administrative regulation of banking activity.
In the light of the above, there is an urgent need to reform this institute, taking into account the experience of foreign countries that successfully exercise control in the field of banking during the period of martial law in the state.
The article highlights the issue of research into the main causes of economic decline, which are the result of military conflicts, and ways to overcome crises in the post-war period. Special attention is paid to the stability of the banking sector of the economy, which has a significant impact on the entire economy of the country, during protracted military conflicts. The reasons for the emergence, development and possible ways of avoiding the collapse of the economy have been studied. A significant part of the article is devoted to the study of possible ways of overcoming economic crises in the country and overcoming the decline of the banking sector during the war.
International practice and foreign experience of preventing criminal offenses committed by organized groups and criminal organizations in the field of illegal trafficking of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues
Authors: Solovey V. 
Published: September 2023

The article summarizes the international experience and foreign practice of preventing criminal offenses committed by organized groups and criminal organizations in the field of illegal drug trafficking.
The analysis of UN Congresses and Conventions showed that none of them addressed the issue of war and its impact on organized crime. However, in today’s conditions, organized forms of crime pose a real threat to the country’s national security. Criminal elements, having close interregional and international ties, increasingly direct their efforts to establish control over the sphere of circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues.
Two approaches to the prevention of criminal offenses committed by organized groups and criminal organizations in the sphere of illegal circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues in foreign practice are distinguished: autocratic - by creating an effective system of law enforcement agencies based on effective criminal legislation (strengthening of sanctions of Article 209, 307–309 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), criminal procedural legislation (granting broad powers of security agencies), as well as means and resources that allow effective implementation of prevention measures; liberal - «permissive» approach to people who use drugs, their legalization through controlled and registered sale and distribution; prosecution of organized forms of crime.
The analysis of entities that prevent criminal offenses committed by organized groups and criminal organizations in the field of illegal circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues made it possible to establish that today it is necessary to review the national prevention system in the direction of granting broader powers to information and analytical units of the National Police of Ukraine regarding the accumulation and processing of operational information, especially during criminal investigations.
International standards of supervision of the prosecutor on compliance with legality in criminal proceedings
Authors: Bilokin R. 
Published: September 2023

It is indicated that one of the forms of implementation of procedural management by the prosecutor within the framework of criminal proceedings is the supervision of compliance with the law by the bodies and officials who carry out such proceedings, and during the trial the support of the state prosecution. Today, in the light of the events taking place in our country, the process of reforming the prosecutor’s office, as a body that supervises the observance of laws in criminal proceedings, is of great importance. In particular, in the context of European integration processes, national legislation needs to be brought closer to international standards, in terms of changing the scope of prosecutorial supervision.
In the article, the author researched the international standards of the prosecutor’s supervision of legality in criminal proceedings. Based on the study of a number of scientific views regarding the definition of the concept of «international standards», it was established that international standards in the activities of prosecutor’s offices include the entire array of international legal acts that regulate issues in the specified area, as well as positive judicial practice, in particular the practice of the European Court of of human rights. International legal acts in the field of setting standards for prosecutor supervision over compliance with legality in criminal proceedings have been analyzed and summarized. They were divided into the following groups: international legal acts of general legal direction; specialized international acts. It was established that an important task is both the assimilation of the main international standards of the prosecutor’s supervision of legality in criminal proceedings, and the development of an effective mechanism for their implementation. It is emphasized that a significant number of international standards of the prosecutor’s activity are reflected in domestic legislation, but the need for further implementation into domestic legislation of the main provisions relating to the activities of the prosecutor in criminal proceedings does not lose its relevance.
Methods of involving minors in the illegal production, manufacture, acquisition, storage, transportation, forwarding or sale of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues
Authors: Kukos M. 
Published: September 2023

The article examines in detail the methods of involving minors in illegal production, manufacture, acquisition, storage, transportation, forwarding or sale of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues, as an element of the forensic characteristics of the specified criminal offense. The provisions of Article 2 were analyzed 307 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which provides for illegal production, manufacture, acquisition, storage, transportation or forwarding for the purpose of sale, as well as illegal sale of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues committed with the involvement of a minor.
Attention is drawn to the fact that all the variety of ways of involving a minor in illegal activities can be combined into two main groups: related and unrelated to the use of violence or the threat of its use. The most common non-violent methods of committing are revealed, which include: a promise, deception, clarification, offer, persuasion, a personal example of the contortionist, etc. The results of the study of the materials of criminal proceedings show that about 88 % of involvements were committed by offering, persuading, explaining, requesting and persuading to commit a criminal offense.
The most common non-violent way of involving minors in illegal activities is an offer to commit a criminal offense. However, attention is drawn to the fact that the establishment of only one proposal by an adult to commit a criminal offense is not always sufficient to recognize it as a method of entrapment.
Separate attention is paid to preparatory actions regarding the involvement of a minor in committing the actions provided for in Art. 307 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Such actions are diverse, but the following should be considered the most common: 1) search for children, before committing illegal actions, their selection, manifestation of friendly relations (70% of criminal proceedings); 2) creating a vested interest (ease of earning, raising authority) in a minor in illegal activities with drugs (67%); 3) facilitating the behavior of a minor in which he loses the ability to control his actions (drinking alcoholic beverages, using narcotics, psychotropic substances), which creates psychological and physical dependence (60%); 4) familiarization of minors with the methods of committing, distribution of roles between accomplices, planning to hide traces of a criminal offense (52%).
Finite element analysis predictions in the canine lumbar spine are useful and correlate with ex vivo biomechanical studies
Authors: Kikuchi Yuki , Shimada Masakazu , Yamaguchi Shinya , Hara Yasushi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To verify the validity of finite element analysis (FEA) predictions obtained from a canine lumbar segment model in comparison with experimental biomechanical testing results from the same subjects.

ANIMALS
6 healthy beagle dogs were euthanized for other purposes.

METHODS
The L1–2 and L5–6 segments were harvested from euthanized animals and subjected to rotation tests and compression tests, respectively, using both ex vivo mechanical testing and FEA. For each method, we recorded the maximum torque value and angle of vertebral body rotation at rupture observed in rotation tests, as well as the maximum stress value and displacement of the vertebral body endplate at rupture measured from compression tests. We then calculated Pearson’s correlation coefficient to determine correlations between the angle of gyration and displacement at rupture determined by mechanical testing and FEA. The study started on March 26, 2021, and ended on March 18, 2023.

RESULTS
For the rotation test, correlation coefficients for the maximum torque and rotation angle of the vertebral body at rupture were r = 0.92 and 0.96, respectively. For the compression test, correlation coefficients for the maximum stress and displacement of the vertebral body endplate at rupture were r = 0.73 and 0.94, respectively. All results showed strong correlations between the FEA predictions and ex vivo mechanical test results.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
These findings suggest that FEA predictions are sufficiently reliable for ex vivo mechanical test results for biomechanical studies of canine lumbar segment models.
Doppler ultrasonography can be used to evaluate the arterial blood supply of hip joints in skeletally immature cats
Authors: Ghasemi Elmira , Molazem Mohammad , Soroori Sarang , Masoudifard Majid , Pedram Mir Sepehr 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To investigate hemodynamics and morphology of hip joint vasculature in cats with the use of color and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography.

ANIMALS
30 client-owned healthy skeletally immature cats presented for routine examinations between September 7, 2022, and March 25, 2023.

METHODS
Cats between 3.5 to 18 months old with healthy hip joints and Hct within reference ranges (26% to 44.2%) were eligible for inclusion. Color and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography was performed without sedation. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), mean diastolic velocity (MDV), resistance index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) were measured for major arteries of the hip joints.

RESULTS
Intermediate pulsatility, resistance to flow, and pandiastolic anterograde flow were evident for all arteries evaluated for each joint except for the ligamentum capitis ossis femoris artery (LCOFA). Spectral waveforms for the LCOFA showed a low-resistance pattern with continuous forward diastolic flow. No significant differences were found in the mean PI or MDV between the left and right sides for the ascending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery or in the mean PI of the ascending branch of the medial circumflex femoral artery. Mean PSV of the LCOFA was lower (but nonsignificantly) for left hip joints vs right hip joints, whereas other values were often higher on cats’ left side vs their right.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This study provided insight into the morphology and hemodynamics of the femoral head vasculature in skeletally immature cats and showed Doppler ultrasound values to study the clinically normal blood supply to hip joints in cats.
Compressive and Tensile Strength of Nano-clay Stabilised Soil Subjected to Repeated Freeze–Thaw Cycles
Authors: Roustaei Mahya , Sabetraftar Mahdi , Taherabadi Ehsan , Bayat Meysam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Improvement of the mechanical properties of clayey soils by additional elements to enhance the strength under numerous freezing and thawing cycles has been considered as a serious concern for engineering applications in cold regions. The objective of the current study is to investigate the effect of nano-clay as a stabiliser on the mechanical properties of clay. To this end, the clay specimens were prepared by adding various percentages of nano-clay ranging from 0.5% to 3% by dry weight of soil and were experimentally tested under the uniaxial compression and tensile splitting tests under different curing times (0, 7 and 28 days) after experiencing various freeze–thaw cycles ranging from 0 to 11. It can be concluded from the results that nano-clay particles may be used as a stabiliser in geotechnical applications to improve soil property. The results indicate that the optimum moisture content (OMC) of specimens increases and the maximum dry density (MDD) decreases with the increasing nano-clay content. The specimens containing about 1% nano-clay recorded maximum values of unconfined compressive strength (UCS) as well as tensile strength. For example, the addition 1% nano-clay increased the UCS and tensile values of clay specimens under the curing time of 28 days by 34% and 247%, respectively. In addition, the long-term durability of specimens against freeze–thaw cycles increases further with the addition of nano-clay content ranging from 2% to 3%.
Effectiveness of Curcuma longa L on the growth Inhibition of Streptococcus sanguinis
Authors: Dohude Gostry Aldica , Rusdy Hendry , Hanafiah Olivia Avriyanti , Br Ginting Rachel Adinda Yule 
Published: September 2023

Background: A dry socket is a severe pain one to three days after tooth extraction. Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) is reported to inhibit the healing process of dry sockets. Curcuma longa L contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids which have the potential as antibacterials. Objective. This study evaluated the antibacterial properties of Curcuma longa L. on the S. sanguinis. Materials and Methods: This experimental study used a post-test-only control group design. Turmeric leaf extract is made by using the maceration extraction method. The method used in the inhibition test used Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion with five samples for each treatment. The sample consisted of five treatment groups: turmeric leaf extract with concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%, and positive control (clindamycin) and negative control (DMSO) groups. Data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc tests. Results. The results of data analysis using ANOVA showed a p-value of 0.00 on inhibition, which means that turmeric leaf extract can inhibit the growth of S. sanguinis. The average inhibition zone obtained was 9.52 mm at a concentration of 10%, at a concentration of 15% at 9.84 mm, and at a concentration of 20% at 10.18 mm. Conclusion: Curcuma longa L extract inhibited the growth of S sanguinis on a moderate scale. Higher concentrations showed the best inhibition values.
Research of ways to improve the effectiveness of remote sales in pharmacies
Authors: Bondarieva I. V. , Malyi V. V. , Rohulia O. Yu. , Chehrynets A. A. , Malinina N. G. , Бабічева Г. С. , Shuvanova O.V. 
Published: September 2023

Aim. To audit the websites of pharmacy chains to identify the main problems and directions for improving the effectiveness of the sale of medicines using information and communication systems remotely.
Materials and methods. The content analysis, desk research methods, logical summarization of results, and the graphic method were used to achieve the goal. Data from website analytics were used for the analysis.
Results. Six sites of pharmacy chains in Ukraine have been analyzed. It has been found that on average one user views three pages per session, the duration of the session is one minute on average, and the buyer on average collects a basket of four products in the amount of UAH 300. It has been determined that the main login pages are: product page, product list, and main page. It has been determined that search is a key feature of product selection and is used in 15 % of all sessions. It has been found that in 70 % of cases, mobile devices are used, desktops are used in on average in 26 % of cases, and tablets are used in 4 % of cases. It has been determined that, on average, twice as many conversions are made through the desktop than when using mobile devices and tablets. For the analysis, the most common scenarios of user behavior on the pharmacy chain sites have been selected. While implementing the most frequent errors on websites have been identified, when the interface does not respond to important requests of consumers, which affects their purchase decisions. The analysis and systematization of the main errors on the websites of pharmacy chains have been carried out; recommendations for their elimination have been formulated. This will make it possible to increase the effectiveness of information support for electronic sales of pharmacies in accordance with the requirements of proper pharmacy practice, will affect the customer loyalty and the economic indicators of the activity of pharmacies.
Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that usability errors and factors contributing to growth should not be underestimated since they can significantly affect conversion rates; even a slight rapid change can improve the site’s KPIs; it is necessary to make the interface equally user-friendly on different devices.
Pengaruh Penerapan Clinical Pathway pada Peresepan Antibiotik Pasien Tifoid Anak di Rumah Sakit Swasta X Kota Bogor
Authors: Safrini Oriza , Laksmitawati Dian Ratih , Ramadaniati Hesty Utami 
Published: September 2023

Berdasarkan data WHO (World Health Organisation) tifoid terjadi hampir di seluruh dunia. Untuk mengurangi variasi antibiotik di rumah sakit khususnya pada pasien rawat inapmaka dibuatlah Clinical pathway. Adapun tyjuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh implementasi clinical pathway terhadap peresepan antibiotik untuk pasien Tifoid anak di ruang rawat inap Rumah Sakit Swasta X di Bogor. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional comparative study membandingkan peresepan antibiotik sebelum penerapan clinical pathway dan setelah penerapan clinical pathway. Uji Chi square digunakan untuk membandingkan rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik, lama rawat dan kesesuaian pilihan antibiotik dengan pedoman. Diperoleh sampel sebanyak 81 orang sebelum penerapan clinical pathway dan 78 orang setelah penerapan clinical pathway. Sebelum penerapan clinical pathway penggunaan antibiotik rasional sebanyak 48.88% dan setelah penerapan clinical pathway meningkat menjadi 67.05%. (p = 0,016). Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik menujukkan pasien yang memiliki lama rawat ? 5 hari sebelum penerapan clinical pathway sebanyak 52 pasien (64.19%) dan sebelum penerapan clinical pathway sebanyak 68 pasien (87.17%) (p = 0,001). Sebanyak 68,89% pemilihan antibiotik sebelum penerapan clinical pathway telah sesuai dengan pedoman tata laksana dan setelah penerapan clinical pathway meningkat menjadi 88.64%. (p = 0,001). Adapun kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah implementasi clinical pathway di Rumah Sakit X di kota Bogor telah meningkatkan rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik.
ChemVirtual Lab: Gamified Learning Experience on Reaction Rate Topic to Improve Learning Outcomes
Authors: Rokhmawati Retno Indah , Sholihah Tuffahati , Sahasika Laksmana Kumara , Pramudita Rizky , Sambata Sarborn Ibrahim , Hendra Brata Adam 
Published: September 2023

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes through gamification of chemical learning media. As we know that chemical material, especially reaction rates, is abstract in nature, so it is quite difficult to convey this concept to students. Because the measured compounds vary greatly in terms of concentration, this material has complex features. However, in real conditions, students have limited access to chemical laboratory equipment, so learning media is needed that considers aspects of people, problems, and context to provide learning experiences like real laboratories. ChemVirtual Lab is a learning tool that combines immersive learning experiences with game elements to improve students' learning outcome by allowing them to direct their own learning and inspiring them to think creatively and innovatively. The primary model in this study is the ASSURE learning media development paradigm. Evaluation of the usage of educational media was conducted to ascertain factors of satisfaction and usefulness with 3 media experts and 3 material experts. According to the six experts' test results, it would be possible to implement the media. Then the media was implemented to 62 high school students who were studying Rate of Reaction material. The Paired Sample T-Test was used to examine the effectiveness of the media's implementation, and the results revealed significant differences in learning outcomes as well as a tendency for post-test scores to rise above pre-test results.