bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Şahin-Mencütek Zeynep , Gökalp-Aras N. Ela , Kaya Ayhan , Rottmann Susan Beth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractJust after the local elections in 2019, irregular migrants in Istanbul faced a months-long crackdown. The Ministry of Interior from the Justice and Development Party government (known asAK Party or AKP) gave Syrians until 20 August 2019 to return to the cities in which they were first registered. Although the time period was eventually extended, the internal controls for migrants became stricter. Migrants found themselves frequently stopped by police, and officers visited registration addresses to check if they were occupied. If irregularities were discovered, the official directive was that Syrians should be returned to the cities in which they were first registered. For non-Syrian migrants without registration, the result of police stops was often being confined to pre-detention centres. According to the Head of the Directorate General Management of Migration (DGMM) of the time, Abdullah Ayaz, “Operations in Istanbul target irregular migrants such as Afghans and Pakistanis. Even if Syrians are found without registration at all, they are not deported, unlike the claims in the media. It is not possible to issue deportation decisions legally about Syrians due to the conditions in Syria” (AA 2019).
Effect of Channel Slot Time on Performance of IEEE 802.15.6-Based Medical Body Area Network
Authors: Dadhich Khushboo , Kataria Devika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe IEEE 802.15.6 standard is an emerging technology that supports low data rate, short-range wireless communication. Medical Body Area Networks (MBAN) are a special type of wireless communication where multiple sensor nodes are deployed on the human body to measure vital parameters. The data is sent by the nodes to a coordinator, the latter aggregates the data and sends it to a central server using standard protocols. The coordinator allows the nodes to access the channel using different access modes-beacon mode with the super frame, non-beacon mode with super frame and non-beacon mode without super frame. The standard allows different user priorities to be assigned to the nodes. The nodes may access the channel using scheduling done by the coordinator (scheduled access) or may randomly access the channel using the CSMA/CA (for narrowband PHY) or Slotted Aloha for UltraWideBand (UWB PHY) protocols. In this work we have conducted an analytical study to understand the performance parameters of different user priority nodes using CSMA/CA protocol and operating in the Beacon access mode with super frame boundaries. Parameters like the probability of successful transmission (reliability) which in turn depend on the probability of packet drop due to channel access failure and the probability of failure due to insufficient time slot available have been studied. This study reveals that once a channel is assessed by a node, then the probability of sufficient time slot of 60% yields the best packet transmission probability. The successful delivery of the packet also depends on back off counter. Markov chain models for nodes with different priorities have been developed using backoff stage and backoff counter as parameters.
Einleitung: Leibliche Erfahrungen machen
Authors: Antony Alexander 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungIn welcher Hinsicht können körperlich-leibliche Erfahrungen als sozial hergestellt aufgefasst werden? Und wie kann man sie sozialwissenschaftlich untersuchen? Das sind die Fragen, die im Mittelpunkt dieser Studie stehen, die einen Beitrag zu einer Soziologie leiblicher Praxis leistet. Im einleitenden Kapitel wird die Relevanz des Pragmatismus und soziologischer Praxistheorien für eine Soziologie leiblicher Praxis dargestellt. Es folgt eine Hinführung zum empirischen Gegenstand, der Atemarbeit, einem "ganzheitlichen" Therapie- und Selbsterfahrungsangebot. Nach einer Explikation der zentralen Fragestellungen des Buches werden die Inhalte der einzelnen Kapitel erläutert.
Eine Soziologie leiblicher Praxis
Authors: Antony Alexander 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel entfaltet die sozialtheoretische Perspektive einer Soziologie leiblicher Praxis. In Kontrast zu Webers handlungsbegrifflicher Grundlegung der Soziologie werden in einem ersten Schritt die zentralen programmatischen Grundannahmen des hier verfolgten praxistheoretischen Zugriffs expliziert (2.1.). Diese bilden den analytischen Rahmen für die Ausarbeitung einer pragmatistisch fundierten Soziologie leiblicher Praxis (2.2 und 2.3). Der Pragmatismus erweist sich in seiner anti-intellektualistischen und das Handlungssubjekt dezentrierenden Grundhaltung nicht nur als kompatibel mit praxistheoretischen Ansätzen. Er ermöglicht es ebenso, manche analytische Schieflage praxistheoretischer Ansätze zu vermeiden. Das zentrale Argument des vorliegenden Kapitels lautet, dass der Pragmatismus bereits in seiner grundlegenden Theorieanlage zentrale Motive dessen, was heute mitunter als Gegensatz zwischen „Praxis“ und „Handeln“ diskutiert wird, miteinander vereint. Daraus lässt sich ein breiter und differenzierter(er) Praxisbegriff gewinnen, der es erlaubt, verschiedene Verhaltensdimensionen zu berücksichtigen. Abschließend folgt eine kurze Zusammenfassung der theoretischen Perspektive (2.4), eine Hinführung zum empirischen Gegenstand, der Atemarbeit, und zu guter Letzt die Spezifikation der zentralen Erkenntnisinteressen des Buches sowie eine Erläuterung des analytischen Zugriffs, der das empirische Vorgehen anleitet (2.5).
Green Supply Chains: A Comparative Efficiency Analysis in the Gulf and Beyond
Authors: Wollenberg Alexander , Lazarini José Guadalupe Octavio Cabrera , Lazarini Juan José Cabrera , Parra Luis Fernando Orta , Kakade Ameya Sathya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe compare the development of Sustainable (Green) Supply in three regions of the world, the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) in the Middle East, six countries in Europe, and six countries in Latin America, which were selected based on their Logistics Performance Index over a 10-year period. We based our empirical analysis on UN SDGs concerned with clean energy, innovation, sustainable communities, and climate action (SDGs 7, 9, 11, and 13, respectively). Using a modified RAM-DEA model, our results showed high logistics performance but significant divergence in green logistics performance among GCC countries. Countries in Western Europe led in terms of inputs that result in green outputs. Strong contenders in green supply chains include the UAE, Oman, México, Panamá, and Ecuador.
Unemployment Challenge and Labor Market Participation of Arab Gulf Youth: A Case Study of the UAE
Authors: Poplavskaya Anita , Karabchuk Tatiana , Shomotova Aizhan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe goal of the study is to explore the unemployment challenge for the United Arab Emirates (UAE) youth in comparison with other Gulf countries. The chapter uses multiple data sources to provide a complex analysis of recent dynamics and the current situation of school-to-work transition among Emirati youth. The empirical part of the analysis provides the rear information on actual career paths and challenges for youth to find their first job. Skills shortages and lack of professional qualities are among the frequently named reasons for not getting a job. For young women, such obstacles as family responsibilities and geographical restriction of job search are reported. Young men find jobs much faster than women. The main channels of job search for the Emiratis are personal liaisons and university contacts.
China in the Middle East: Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Transformation, and Regional Development
Authors: Lim Guanie , Yağcı Mustafa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper unpacks the uneven manners Chinese investment has taken shape in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). It takes 2013 as the watershed as it is the year when the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), China’s foremost diplomatic and economic strategy in engaging with the international community, was announced. The paper forwards three inter-related arguments. Firstly, Chinese firms have not usurped the traditional investors of the MENA (i.e. the US and key European states). Secondly, Chinese investment primarily favours MENA economies with large, young population and high endowment of natural resources. However, there seems to be a shift away to the other MENA economies in the post-BRI era. Thirdly, a significant portion of Chinese investment has financed energy-related activities during the pre-BRI era. The preference for energy-related investment has dropped somewhat after 2013 as Chinese TNCs participate in other activities such as tourism and real estate development.
Saudi Women Activism through Media
Authors: Mittal Priyanka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe article argues that despite the conservative nature of Saudi society, women in Saudi Arabia have been able to use media platforms for their rights-based activism. Women in these restricted and limited spaces have been articulating their self-expression within the limits and confines of the state. This article traces the changing position of women in Saudi society after the 9/11 attacks and Arab uprising. Further, it critically analyzes how Vision 2030 contributes to women’s relaxing laws and position inside the country. The chapter cites various instances to support the argument that Saudi women use media platforms to promote activism for rights, greater social freedom, and more inclusion.
Contests over Labour in British Central African Colonies: 1935–1953
Authors: McCulloch Jock , Miller Pavla 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEach of the parties involved in labour recruitment in Southern Africa had their own agendas. The mines’ recruiting agency wanted an expanded recruiting zone to guarantee a supply of labour. The British Colonial Office and its administrations wanted not only to collect the revenue that came from contracting labour to the mines but also to protect native interests. The Southern Rhodesian government wanted to give its mines and white farms access to cheap labour. The ILO was keen to promote labour rights and work safety. The South African government supported the mining houses; it also wanted to channel mine rejects onto farms in the Transvaal. During those contests for authority, the interests of the Nyasaland government and the mining houses often coincided. Those of Nyasaland and Southern Rhodesia rarely did. While there were constant references to returning miners suffering from tuberculosis in low-level correspondence, the risks to miners’ health from silicosis and tuberculosis were seldom mentioned in high-level meetings and documents. This chapter details some of the complex negotiations, with particular focus on the lifting of the ban on recruitment of tropical labour in 1938, and negotiations with the ILO and UN after the Second World War. Throughout, the superior negotiating power of the mining houses and their recruiting agency is highlighted.
Dissenting voices: 1902–1956
Authors: McCulloch Jock , Miller Pavla 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere were a number of medical experts who contested the Chamber’s claims about mine safety. The dissent began after 1910 and stretched well into the apartheid era. The dissenters included Drs John Mitchell, Eustace Cluver and Peter Allan, all at one time senior members of the South African Department of Public Health. There was also Dr A.H. Watt, the medical officer with Rand Insurance; Dr Basil Dormer, the Union’s Chief Tuberculosis Officer; Anthony Mavrogordato of the SAIMR; and Dr Gerrit Schepers, who served as a specialist with the Silicosis Bureau from 1944 until 1954. The dissenters pointed out that dust exposures in the mines and conditions in the compounds were unsafe; that infectious disease, most notably tuberculosis, was being spread from the mines to labour-sending areas; that the conduct of mine medicals was inadequate and was failing to pick up compensable disease; and that mine wages were so low that many families were malnourished. The lone dissenter to voice all of those concerns was Dr Neil Macvicar, who for almost forty years served as a medical missionary in the Eastern Cape. Macvicar, who worked initially in tuberculosis prevention programmes in Scotland, had first-hand knowledge of mine recruiting in Nyasaland. Macvicar’s views about prevention were conventional. He believed that tuberculosis could only be combatted by social change: governments must guarantee food security and promote the education of patients and their families on how to manage the disease.
The Career of A. J. Orenstein: 1914–1960
Authors: McCulloch Jock , Miller Pavla 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe career of Alexander J. Orenstein, widely regarded as the founder of South Africa’s occupational medicine, exemplifies the complex relationship between the gold industry and scientific research. As Superintendent of Sanitation for Rand Mines Ltd, Orenstein dominated mine medicine in the period from 1914 until the mid-1960s. According to the conventional wisdom, he saved the lives of thousands of black migrant workers by improving hygiene, nutrition, accommodation, medical care and access to compensation. This chapter supplements the conventional account by a darker story. During his long career, Orenstein worked tirelessly to erase from public debate the knowledge accumulated by South African scientists in the period before his appointment in 1914. In dealing with questions about the origins and management of tuberculosis, Orenstein racialised the science to a far greater degree than did any of his contemporaries. He did so by using notions of racial weakness to override the play of well-established environmental factors such as dust exposure, malnutrition and unhygienic compounds to explain the incidence of tuberculosis among migrant miners. While often challenged, Orenstein’s preferred approach to repatriations, the health education of black workers and their families and the provision of sanatoria in labour-sending regions remained largely unchanged until after the Leon Commission in 1994.
A Most Modern Industry: The Migrant Labour System and Crisis Management
Authors: McCulloch Jock , Miller Pavla 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter outlines the basic features of gold mining in South Africa. The structure, administration and economic significance of the mines, the key technical challenges posed by deep deposits and low-grade ore, the size and composition of the workforce, the chronic shortages of labour and oscillating migration are covered. Since mining was dangerous work, the chapter also deals with the companies’ management of risk, and in particular with their approach to occupational health and compensation for injury.
Government Responses to the Pandemic and Their Effects on Universities
Authors: Croucher Gwilym 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor universities and colleges around the world the COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruption, which has created new challenges and possibilities, as well as amplifying existing trends. This chapter focuses on several dimensions of the pandemic-related disruption that affected universities and their students in many countries and has had widespread impacts on operations and teaching. The chapter examines some dimensions of government policy that widely affected universities: focussing on two main dimensions of those policies that temporarily reduced student movement, and those that involved a direct reduction in investment in public university education. It explores some of what government responses have meant for university operations, and the delivery of their teaching, and implications for the scholarship of teaching and learning. Focussing on the case of Australia as example of government policy responses that did little to address the specific issues universities faced resulting from the pandemic, and instead the government response was guided by ideology and reflected an attachment to using competitive mechanisms and market dynamics. The actions of the Australian government appear extreme compared to many jurisdictions, such as in many countries in Europe and in the United States, yet they align with their recent approach and their adherence to the New Public Management. That the pandemic significantly affected higher education policies is unsurprising, nonetheless examining how this occurred is instructive.
Reconceptualizing Assessment in Initial Teacher Education from a Relational Lens
Authors: Janfada Mahtab , Tassone Martina , Mahat Marian , Crane Nadine 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter examines the challenges and possibilities of assessment practices in Initial Teacher Education (ITE) programs. Informed by Bakhtin (1986), speech genres, dialogic approaches and a democratic lens to assessment, the chapter questions the nature and purpose of assessment considering the COVID-19 pandemic. New understanding of the concept of ‘relationality’ through pandemic experience provides opportunities for ‘democratic’ assessment is perceived as a point of departure in the learning process for both students and teachers, and not a destination. This perspective incorporates students’ diverse voices and agency and encourages assessment practices to promote not only instrumental aspects of learning, but also the epistemological and ontological layers of learning and being. Though this conceptual interrogation can be applied to any educational context across programs locally and globally, the focus is on ITE in the Australian context, due to the important role of pre-service teachers in creating and designing assessment practices. The chapter provides case study a example that enabled pre-service teachers to play an active and influential role in the development of assessment artefacts and practices. It concludes by projecting opportunities and challenges to teaching and research practices, locally and globally.
Toward the Applications of Soft Crystals
Authors: Ishii Kazuyuki , Kato Masako 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, to design functions of soft crystals, the relationships between gentle stimuli and the corresponding responses are classified based on the photofunctions, and the key terms are linked and then systematized. Also, trials of functionalization based on soft crystal-related phenomena are introduced toward the functionalization of soft crystals.
Classification and Definition of “Soft Crystals”
Authors: Ishii Kazuyuki , Kato Masako 
Published: March 2023

Abstract“Soft crystals” typically undergo structural transformations in response to weak stimuli while maintaining the crystalline structural order. These transformations are often manifested as visible phenomena, such as changes in optical properties (color and/or luminescence color). In this chapter, the structural order, activation energy, and softness of “soft crystals” are compared with those of conventional hard crystals and soft materials, including liquid crystals and gels. Based on the results of this comparison, “soft crystals” are defined more precisely.
Theoretical Background of Photophysical Properties
Authors: Ishii Kazuyuki , Kato Masako 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we aim to explain the chromic phenomena observed in “soft crystals”. Accordingly, the basic principles for comprehending the fundamental photophysical properties of molecular monomers, such as electronic absorption spectra and luminescence properties, are introduced. Moreover, the photophysical properties of molecular dimers and molecular crystals are explained in terms of intermolecular interactions in excited states.
Combined constraints on dark photons and discovery prospects at the LHC and the Forward Physics Facility
Authors: Aboubrahim Amin , Altakach Mohammad Mahdi , Klasen Michael , Nath Pran , Wang Zhu-Yao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Hidden sectors are ubiquitous in supergravity theories, in strings and in branes. Well motivated models such as the Stueckelberg hidden sector model could provide a candidate for dark matter. In such models, the hidden sector communicates with the visible sector via the exchange of a dark photon (dark Z′) while dark matter is constituted of Dirac fermions in the hidden sector. Using data from collider searches and precision measurements of SM processes as well as the most recent limits from dark matter direct and indirect detection experiments, we perform a comprehensive scan over a wide range of the Z′ mass and set exclusion bounds on the parameter space from sub-GeV to several TeV. We then discuss the discovery potential of an $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(TeV) scale Z′ at HL-LHC and the ability of future forward detectors to probe very weakly interacting sub-GeV Z′ bosons. Our analysis shows that the parameter space in which a Z′ can decay to hidden sector dark matter is severely constrained whereas limits become much weaker for a Z′ with no dark decays. The analysis also favors a self-thermalized dark sector which is necessary to satisfy the dark matter relic density.
A comparative study of Z′ mediated charged lepton flavor violation at future lepton colliders
Authors: Li Jingshu , Wang Wanyue , Cai Xunye , Yang Chuxue , Lu Meng , You Zhengyun , Qian Sitian , Li Qiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Charged lepton flavor violation (CLFV) represents a transition between charged leptons of different generations that violates lepton flavor conservation, which is a clear signature of possible new physics beyond the standard model. By exploiting a typical example model of extra Z′ gauge boson, we perform a detailed comparative study on CLFV searches at several future lepton colliders, including a 240 GeV electron-positron collider and a TeV scale muon collider. Based on detailed signal and background Monte-Carlo studies with fast detector simulations, we derive the potentials in searching for Z′ mediated CLFV couplings with eμ, eτ and μτ of different future colliders. The results are compared with the current and prospect limits set by either low-energy experiments or the high-energy LHC experiments. The sensitivity of the τ related CLFV coupling strength at future lepton colliders will be significantly improved in comparison to the current best constraints and the prospect constraints for the μτ channel.
Bouncing cosmology in modified gravity with higher-order curvature terms
Authors: Singh J. K. , Balhara Harshna , Bamba Kazuharu , Jena J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A bouncing scenario of a flat homogeneous and isotropic universe is explored by using the reconstruction technique for the power-law parametrization of the Hubble parameter in a modified gravity theory with higher-order curvature and trace of the energy-momentum tensor terms. It is demonstrated that bouncing criteria are satisfied so that the cosmological initial singularity can be avoided. In addition, it is shown that the equation of state parameter crosses the line of the phantom divide. In the present scenario, the universe is filled with perfect fluid around the bouncing point, in which the universe becomes highly unstable and a big bounce can be realized. Furthermore, it is found that extremal acceleration occurs at the bouncing point.
Quantifying Urban Network Transitions with Evolution Degree
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Liu Zidong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a graph-based mathematical approach with a novel metric, the Structure Evolution Degree, to quantitatively analyze urban spatial structure transitions at cross scale and verifies its effectiveness through two cases studies, the San Bartolomeo Quarter of Venice and the Xiaoxihu Historical Block of Nanjing.