bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tagesschläfrigkeit bei Pflegepersonal
Authors: Koch Peter , Damerau Lukas , Kersten Jan Felix , Harth Volker , Augustin Matthias , Nienhaus Albert , Terschüren Claudia 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Aufgrund von Arbeitszeiten, die außerhalb der normalen Tagesarbeitszeit liegen, kann es bei Pflegepersonal zu Störungen der inneren Uhr kommen. Durch zusätzliche Verpflichtungen im familiären Bereich kann sich möglicherweise eine Normalisierung der zirkadianen Störung bei weiblichen Pflegenden erschweren, da sie zu Hause nicht genug Zeit für Schlaf und Erholung finden.

Fragestellung
In der vorliegenden Arbeit soll explorativ untersucht werden, ob Beschäftigte in der Pflege ein höheres Risiko für Tagesschläfrigkeit haben als andere Berufsgruppen, die nicht im Schichtdienst arbeiten. Darüber hinaus soll ebenfalls explorativ analysiert werden, inwiefern das Geschlecht in Verbindung mit der Beschäftigung im Schichtdienst eine Rolle hinsichtlich der Tagesschläfrigkeit spielt.

Material und Methoden
Aus der 10.000er Baselinestichprobe der Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS) wurden alle Proband:innen selektiert, die beruflich in der Pflege tätig waren. Anhand des Alters, des Geschlechts und des Chronotyps wurden aus dem HCHS-Datensatz aktiv Beschäftigte im Verhältnis 1:3 gezogen, die aus Branchen mit vorwiegend keiner Schichtarbeit stammen (Kontrollen). Die Tagesschläfrigkeit wurde anhand des Epworth-Sleepiness-Scale-Fragebogens (ESS) erhoben.

Ergebnisse
In der Gesamtstichprobe der HCHS waren 4646 Personen aktiv beschäftigt. Unter diesen befanden sich 134 Personen, die angaben, in der Pflege zu arbeiten. Anhand des Matchings von 1:3 wurde ein Datensatz von 536 Personen erzeugt. Insgesamt konnte für 19 % der Stichprobe eine exzessive Tagesschläfrigkeit beobachtet werden, davon betroffen waren 25 % der Pflegenden und 17 % der Beschäftigten anderer Branchen. Weibliche Beschäftigte in der Pflege hatten im Vergleich zu Männern aus anderen Branchen ein statistisch signifikant erhöhtes Risiko für exzessive Tagesschläfrigkeit (OR 3,5; 95 % KI 1,32–9,23).

Diskussion
Anhand der Ergebnisse der bevölkerungsbezogenen Untersuchung zeigt sich, dass Pflegepersonal im Vergleich zu Branchen ohne Schichtarbeit öfter von Tagesschläfrigkeit betroffen ist. Inwieweit Frauen, die in der Pflege arbeiten ein noch höheres Risiko für Tagesschläfrigkeit besitzen, sollte in weiteren Studien anhand zusätzlicher Merkmale präziser untersucht werden.
A Unique Metro Choice Behaviour of Suburban Rail Passengers in India
Authors: Selvakumar M. , Ramulu D. Siddi , Sankar K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study aims to analyse the inter-rail modal shift behaviour of suburban rail passengers to examine ridership for the proposed metro extension corridor in Chennai, India. This investigation was conducted in 2019 as part of a feasibility study for the extension of the metro line spanning between Chennai Airport and Kilambakkam, a southern suburb of Chennai. The same origin–destination pair is also served by the suburban rail system. It is an extension of the operating line from Washermenpet to the airport of the Phase I metro project. For this inter-rail competition study, a sample of 272 suburban rail passengers covering work, education and other trip purposes were interviewed using a stated preference questionnaire. Six stated scenarios were considered for analyses which included travel time saving by using the metro along with the fare difference between metro and bus. The study revealed that suburban rail passengers were less concerned about travel time saving and gave priority to fare difference irrespective of trip purpose. This shows the unique metro choice behaviour of suburban rail travellers in the Indian context.
Interaction of natural and hydraulic fractures: the impact on reservoir pressure buildup and risk of shear fault reactivation in the Upper Devonian Duvernay Formation, Fox Creek, Alberta
Authors: Li Qiuguo , Konstantinovskaya Elena , Zhmodik Alexey , Ibelegbu Charles 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The interaction of natural and hydraulic fractures may facilitate lateral fluid propagation in an unconventional reservoir resulting in fast fluid pressure transmission from treatment wells to a fault zone and potential fault shear slip reactivation and associated induced seismicity. Several induced earthquakes (up to 4.1 Mw) occurred since 2013 during hydraulic fracturing of the Upper Devonian Duvernay Formation in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. The mechanism of lateral fluid migration in the unconventional reservoir is not well understood. The current study aims to investigate the interaction of natural fractures and hydraulic fractures for the case study in the area south of Fox Creek, where a linear zone of induced earthquakes (up to 3.9 Mw) occurred along a fault in 2015 during hydraulic fracturing of horizontal wells. We analyze the growth of hydraulic fractures in presence of natural fractures, the impact of resulting complex fracture network on fluid transmission and fluid pressure buildup around the treatment wells. Hydraulic fracture modeling (HFM), reservoir simulations and 3D coupled reservoir-geomechanical modeling are applied to match the timing of hydraulic fracture propagation and transmitted fluid pressure increase in the fault zone versus induced earthquake occurrence. HFM results are verified by microseismic clouds distribution. Reservoir simulations are validated by a history matching of fluid injection volume and bottomhole pressure data. Additional HFM simulations are carried out to optimize the pumping schedule in the studied well pad that would help to prevent hydraulic fractures reaching the fault and minimize the risk of induced seismicity.

Article highlights

Stress anisotropy and simulated natural fractures impact lateral growth of complex hydraulic fractures and reservoir pressure buildup.

Predicted fluid pressure transmission to a fault zone results in fault dextral shear slip reactivation matching induced seismicity.

Optimized pumping schedule helps to minimize risks of fault reactivation and induced seismicity while preserving overall pad performance.
Experimental investigation of the fracture initiation and propagation for sandstone hydraulic fracturing under the effect of evenly distributed pore pressure
Authors: Zhao Xinglong , Huang Bingxiang , Cai Qingwang , Zhao Long , Chen Bin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPore pressure is disregarded in traditional laboratory rock hydraulic fracturing experiments, and the effect of pore pressure is not clear. An integrated experiment for seepage and hydrofracturing was established and used to perform sandstone hydraulic fracturing experiments under an initial evenly distributed pore pressure. The experimental results show that there is a positive correlation between the breakdown pressure and the pore pressure at the initiation stage. The data fitting results show that the breakdown pressure and pore pressure follow a linear growth trend. As the pore pressure increases, the acoustic emission energy at the moment of borehole wall fracturing correspondingly increases. After borehole wall fracturing, the reduced magnitude of the pumping pressure also increases, indicating that the initial rupture range is positively correlated with pore pressure. During fracturing propagation, the propagation range and opening of the fracture increase as the initial pore pressure increases within the same pumping time. During hydraulic fracturing, a pore pressure gradient is generated on both sides of the mineral particles. When the tensile stress or shear stress induced by the pore pressure gradient reaches the ultimate strength of the mineral particle bonding surface, the particle bonding surface breaks and opens. This experimental process is more similar to the actual hydraulic fracturing process of oil and gas reservoirs. These results provide a more comprehensive theoretical basis for resolving technical problems of unconventional oil and gas resource exploitation.
Effect of Different Organic Amendments on Actual and Achievable Yields in a Cereal-Based Cropping System
Authors: Albano Xavier , Whitmore Andrew P. , Sakrabani Ruben , Thomas Cathy L. , Sizmur Tom , Ritz Karl , Harris Jim , Pawlett Mark , Watts Chris , Haefele Stephan M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSoil fertility is at risk in intensive cropping systems when using an exclusive regime of inorganic fertilisers without returning sufficient organic matter to the soil. Our objective was to evaluate the long-term effects of commonly used organic amendments interacting with different rates of inorganic nitrogen fertiliser on crop yields of winter wheat. Yield data from winter wheat were collected for five seasons between 2013 and 2019 from a continuous field trial based at Rothamsted Research, SE England. Organic amendments (anaerobic digestate, compost, farmyard manure, and straw at a rate of 0 and 2.5 ton C per hectare) and five rates of inorganic nitrogen fertiliser (NH4NO3 at 0, 80, 150, 190, 220 kg N ha−1) were applied to winter wheat grown in an arable rotation. At the same inorganic N rate, grain yields for the different organic amendment treatments (excluding the straw treatment) were statistically similar but significantly greater than the unamended control treatment. The nitrogen rate required for optimum yields tended to be lower in plots receiving a combination of organic amendments and mineral fertiliser. Based on the observed and modelled response functions, organic amendments excluding straw increased maximum achievable yields compared to non-amended controls. The size of the effect varied between seasons and amendments (+4.6 to +19.0% of the control yield), increasing the mean maximum achievable yield by 8.8% across four seasons. We conclude that the application of organic amendments can increase the yield potential in winter wheat substantially over what is achievable with inorganic fertiliser only.
Modulation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response mitigates the behavioral effects of early-life stress
Authors: Solarz-Andrzejewska Anna , Majcher-Maślanka Iwona , Kryst Joanna , Chocyk Agnieszka 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Early-life stress (ELS) affects brain development and increases the risk of mental disorders associated with the dysfunction of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The mechanisms of ELS action are not well understood. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are cellular processes involved in brain maturation through the regulation of pro-survival or proapoptotic processes. We hypothesized that ER stress and the UPR in the mPFC are involved in the neurobiology of ELS.

Methods
We performed a maternal separation (MS) procedure from postnatal days 1 to 14 in rats. Before each MS, pups were injected with an inhibitor of ER stress, salubrinal or a vehicle. The mRNA and protein expression of UPR and apoptotic markers were evaluated in the mPFC using RT-qPCR and Western blot methods, respectively. We also estimated the numbers of neurons and glial cells using stereological methods. Additionally, we assessed behavioral phenotypes related to fear, anhedonia and response to psychostimulants.

Results
MS slightly enhanced the activation of the UPR in juveniles and modulated the expression of apoptotic markers in juveniles and preadolescents but not in adults. Additionally, MS did not affect the numbers of neurons and glial cells at any age. Both salubrinal and vehicle blunted the expression of UPR markers in juvenile and preadolescent MS rats, often in a treatment-specific manner. Moreover, salubrinal and vehicle generally alleviated the behavioral effects of MS in preadolescent and adult rats.

Conclusions
Modulation of ER stress and UPR processes may potentially underlie susceptibility or resilience to ELS.
Approach for improved development of advanced driver assistance systems for future smart mobility concepts
Authors: Weber Michael , Weiss Tobias , Gechter Franck , Kriesten Reiner 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo use the benefits of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)-Tests in simulation and reality a new approach for using Augmented Reality (AR) in an automotive vehicle for testing ADAS is presented in this paper. Our procedure provides a link between simulation and reality and should enable a faster development process for future increasingly complex ADAS tests and future mobility solutions. Test fields for ADAS offer a small number of orientation points. Furthermore, these must be detected and processed at high vehicle speeds. That requires high computational power both for developing our method and its subsequent use in testing. Using image segmentation (IS), artificial intelligence (AI) for object recognition, and visual simultaneous localization and mapping (vSLAM), we aim to create a three-dimensional model with accurate information about the test site. It is expected that using AI and IS will significantly improve performance as computational speed and accuracy for AR applications in automobiles.
More Than Meets the Eye
Authors: Schlanger Sarah H. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTCulturally significant landscapes, which evoke and promote strong feelings of attachment among their constituencies and advocates, pose a management challenge for federal agencies. Current cultural resources laws and policies focus largely on the physical characteristics of individual sites and features. I call here for a management approach that differs from current practice in several important ways. First, it recognizes the power of landscapes and landscape character. Drawing from both wilderness and park management, it calls for the identification and preservation of landscape characteristics, and the development of landscape-level inventories that can identify current landscape condition. Finally, it recognizes that how a landscape is experienced by its constituencies and advocates is a measure of management effectiveness. For management to succeed, management approaches must recognize and respect the core values and experiences that are at the heart of culturally significant landscapes.
Our Checkered Past
Authors: Leckman Phillip O. , Heilen Michael 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTDespite advocacy of landscape approaches in cultural resource management (CRM) and critiques of the site concept, CRM data collection methods in the western United States continue to focus on individual archaeological sites as units of observation, analysis, and management. The transect-recording unit (TRU) method strikes a balance between conventional site-based recording methods and site-less survey approaches by dividing survey space into a grid of uniformly sized cells for recording all cultural manifestations observed across a survey area. TRU survey generates site boundaries required by CRM regulations while retaining a fine-grained spatial framework for landscape-level research and management. This article discusses the technical requirements of the TRU system and its potential for improving landscape-level research and management. Advances in digital recording technologies and analysis techniques render the method efficient and effective in identifying cultural resource distributions and characteristics otherwise obscured by conventional approaches. The research and management potential of the TRU system is illustrated through identification and interpretation of precontact foot trails in New Mexico's Tularosa Basin. These trails are essentially invisible during pedestrian survey but are readily identifiable as linear patterns using aggregated landscape-scale TRU survey data from multiple survey projects, providing novel insight into precontact routes of movement and exchange.
Ta-Nehisi Coates'sBetween the World and Me: A Phenomenology of Racialized Conflict
Authors: RAUTENBERG NICLAS 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the structure of racialized conflict experience. Embarking from a conflict event in Ta-Nehisi Coates's autobiographyBetween the World and Meand contrasting the work of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Alfred Schutz with insights from Black phenomenology, I argue that Coates's experience discloses conflictual, but intertwined, modes of being-in-the-world. Further, it presents an instantiation of a particular kind of conflict, i.e., corporeal conflict. Corporeal conflict applies whenever the body is politicized, i.e., when it becomes the marker for traits representative of a rival political group. Understood this way, racialized conflict is always political. I conclude the article with some remarks on the shortcomings of two dominant conflict theories in political philosophy and the potential for an alternative, phenomenological approach that enables new ways of engaging the other in conflict. The analysis is preceded by a meditation on the role of the White researcher in critical philosophy of race.
Voluntariness and the bounds of cost–benefit analysis
Authors: Sugden Robert 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBehavioural economists often claim that their policy recommendations are justified by cost–benefit analysis (CBA), but without adequate explanation of the methodology they have in mind. I sketch the outlines of a CBA methodology that is compatible with the findings of behavioural economics and is in accord with my account in Sugden (2018) of a well-functioning market as a network of opportunities for mutually beneficial transactions. The key idea is that the CBA of a project is concerned only with effects that are not transmitted through voluntary interactions. I illustrate this proposal by considering the appraisal of fuel economy mandates.
Does E-learning Facilitate Medical Education in Pediatric Neurology?
Authors: Curry Brittany , Buttle Sarah , McMillan Hugh J. , Webster Richard , Reddy Deepti , Karir Aneesh , Spence Stewart , Mineyko Aleksandra , Writer Hilary , MacLean Heather , Pohl Daniela 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT:Background:E-learning has become commonplace in medical education. Incorporation of multimedia, clinical cases, and interactive elements has increased its attractiveness over textbooks. Although there has been an expansion of e-learning in medicine, the feasibility of e-learning in pediatric neurology is unclear. This study evaluates knowledge acquisition and satisfaction using pediatric neurology e-learning compared to conventional learning.Methods:Residents of Canadian pediatrics, neurology, and pediatric neurology programs and medical students from Queens University, Western University, and the University of Ottawa were invited to participate. Learners were randomly assigned two review papers and two ebrain modules in a four-topic crossover design. Participants completed pre-tests, experience surveys, and post-tests. We calculated the median change in score from pre-test to post-test and constructed a mixed-effects model to determine the effect of variables on post-test scores.Results:In total, 119 individuals participated (53 medical students; 66 residents). Ebrain had a larger positive change than review papers in post-test score from pre-test score for the pediatric stroke learning topic but a smaller positive change for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, childhood absence epilepsy, and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Learning topics showed statistical relationship to post-test scores (p = 0.04). Depending on topic, 57–92% (N = 59–66) of respondents favored e-learning over review article learning.Conclusions:Ebrain users scored higher on post-tests than review paper users. However, the effect is small and it is unclear if it is educationally meaningful. Although the difference in scores may not be substantially different, most learners preferred e-learning. Future projects should focus on improving the quality and efficacy of e-learning modules.
Expanding mental health services in low- and middle-income countries: A task-shifting framework for delivery of comprehensive, collaborative, and community-based care
Authors: Bolton Paul , West Joyce , Whitney Claire , Jordans Mark J.D. , Bass Judith , Thornicroft Graham , Murray Laura , Snider Leslie , Eaton Julian , Collins Pamela Y. , Ventevogel Peter , Smith Stephanie , Stein Dan J. , Petersen Inge , Silove Derrick , Ugo Victor , Mahoney John , el Chammay Rabih , Contreras Carmen , Eustache Eddy , Koyiet Phiona , Wondimu Esubalew Haile , Upadhaya Nawaraj , Raviola Giuseppe 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a framework for comprehensive, collaborative, and community-based care (C4) for accessible mental health services in low-resource settings. Because mental health conditions have many causes, this framework includes social, public health, wellness and clinical services. It accommodates integration of stand-alone mental health programs with health and non-health community-based services. It addresses gaps in previous models including lack of community-based psychotherapeutic and social services, difficulty in addressing comorbidity of mental and physical conditions, and how workers interact with respect to referral and coordination of care. The framework is based on task-shifting of services to non-specialized workers. While the framework draws on the World Health Organization’s Mental Health Gap Action Program and other global mental health models, there are important differences. The C4 Framework delineates types of workers based on their skills. Separate workers focus on: basic psychoeducation and information sharing; community-level, evidence-based psychotherapeutic counseling; and primary medical care and more advanced, specialized mental health services for more severe or complex cases. This paper is intended for individuals, organizations and governments interested in implementing mental health services. The primary aim is to provide a framework for the provision of widely accessible mental health care and services.
The shift towards an eco-welfare state: growing stronger together
Authors: Hasanaj Valon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPoverty, inequality and climate change are profoundly interconnected issues and represent grave threats to the future of our planet and civilization. Failure in one will result in failure in the other; thus, government responses to such threats must be meticulously coordinated, especially across environmental and welfare state programs. In recent years, a growing body of research has examined the links between these two domains, lauding the eco-welfare state as a viable path forward. As the literature on the eco-welfare state is at an early stage, this study proposes two essential theoretical and empirical contributions. First, it examines the most prominent theoretical interpretations of the concept of eco-welfare state and proposes a refined understanding. Second, using model-based cluster analysis for 42 countries, this study empirically unveils a global shift towards and the existence of an eco-welfare state.