bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between isometric strength and cognitive function in adults with cerebral palsy
Authors: Heyn Patricia C. , Tagawa Alex , Pan Zhaoxing , Reistetter Timothy , Ng Ted Kheng Siang , Lewis Meredith , Carollo James J. 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe literature supports quantifying the maximum force/tension generated by one’s forearm muscles such as the hand grip strength (HGS) to screen for physical and cognitive frailty in older adults. Thus, we postulate that individuals with cerebral palsy (CP), who are at higher risk for premature aging, could benefit from tools that objectively measure muscle strength as a functional biomarker to detect frailty and cognitive decline. This study assesses the clinical relevancy of the former and quantifies isometric muscle strength to determine its association with cognitive function in adults with CP.MethodsAmbulatory adults with CP were identified from a patient registry and were enrolled into this study. Peak rate of force development (RFD) and maximum voluntary isometric contraction of the quadriceps were measured using a commercial isokinetic machine, while HGS was collected with a clinical dynamometer. Dominant and non-dominant side were identified. Standardized cognitive assessments, including the Wechsler Memory and Adult Intelligence Scales IV, Short Test of Mental Status, and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) were used to evaluate cognitive function.ResultsA total of 57 participants (32 females; mean age 24.3 [SD 5.3]; GMFCS levels I–IV) were included in the analysis. Although dominant and non-dominant RFD and HGS measures were associated with cognitive function, non-dominant peak RFD showed the strongest associations with cognitive function.ConclusionRFD capacity may reflect age-related neural and physical health and could be a better health indicator than HGS in the CP population.
Cancer-related fatigue classification based on heart rate variability signals from wearables
Authors: Shih Chi-Huang , Chou Pai-Chien , Chen Jin-Hua , Chou Ting-Ling , Lai Jun-Hung , Lu Chi-Yu , Huang Tsai-Wei 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundCancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most distressing side effect in cancer patients and affects the survival rate. However, most patients do not report their fatigue level. This study is aimed to develop an objective CRF assessment method based on heart rate variability (HRV).MethodsIn this study, patients with lung cancer who received chemotherapy or target therapy were enrolled. Patients wore wearable devices with photoplethysmography that regularly recorded HRV parameters for seven consecutive days and completed the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) questionnaire. The collected parameters were divided into the active and sleep phase parameters to allow tracking of fatigue variation. Statistical analysis was used to identify correlations between fatigue scores and HRV parameters.FindingsIn this study, 60 patients with lung cancer were enrolled. The HRV parameters including the low-frequency/high-frequency (LF/HF) ratio and the LF/HF disorder ratio in the active phase and the sleep phase were extracted. A linear classifier with HRV-based cutoff points achieved correct classification rates of 73 and 88% for mild and moderate fatigue levels, respectively.ConclusionFatigue was effectively identified, and the data were effectively classified using a 24-h HRV device. This objective fatigue monitoring method may enable clinicians to effectively handle fatigue problems.
Dendritic cell proliferation by primary cilium in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Toriyama Manami , Rizaldy Defri , Nakamura Motoki , Atsumi Yukiko , Toriyama Michinori , Fujita Fumitaka , Okada Fumihiro , Morita Akimichi , Itoh Hiroshi , Ishii Ken J. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common allergic eczema that affects up to 10% of adults in developed countries. Immune cells in the epidermis, namely, Langerhans cells (LCs), contribute to the pathogenesis of AD, although their exact role(s) in disease remain unclear.Methods: We performed immunostaining on human skin and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and visualized primary cilium.Result and discussion: We show that human dendritic cells (DCs) and LCs have a previously unknown primary cilium-like structure. The primary cilium was assembled during DC proliferation in response to the Th2 cytokine GM-CSF, and its formation was halted by DC maturation agents. This suggests that the role of primary cilium is to transduce proliferation signaling. The platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) pathway, which is known for transducing proliferation signals in the primary cilium, promoted DC proliferation in a manner dependent on the intraflagellar transport (IFT) system. We also examined the epidermal samples from AD patients, and observed aberrantly ciliated LCs and keratinocytes in immature and proliferating states. Our results identify a potential relationship between the primary cilium and allergic skin barrier disorders, and suggest that targeting the primary cilium may contribute to treating AD.
Gout and risk of dementia, Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia: a meta-epidemiology study
Authors: Li Xuanlin , Huang Lin , Tang Yujun , Hu Xuanming , Wen Chengping 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesThe association between gout and dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), or vascular dementia (VD) is not fully understood. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the risk of all-cause dementia, AD, and VD in gout patients with or without medication.MethodsData sources were PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and reference lists of included studies. This meta-analysis included cohort studies assessing whether the risk of all-cause dementia, AD, and VD was associated with gout. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used to access the overall certainty of evidence. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using a random-effects model, and publication bias was assessed with funnel plots and Egger's test.ResultsA total of six cohort studies involving 2,349,605 individuals were included in this meta-analysis, which were published between 2015 and 2022. The pooling analysis shows that the risk of all-cause dementia was decreased in gout patients [RR = 0.67, 95% CI (0.51, 0.89), I2 = 99%, P = 0.005, very low quality], especially in gout patients with medication [RR = 0.50, 95% CI (0.31, 0.79), I2 = 93%, P = 0.003, low quality]. The risk of AD [RR = 0.70, 95% CI (0.63, 0.79), I2 = 57.2%, P = 0.000, very low quality] and VD [RR = 0.68, 95% CI (0.49, 0.95), I2 = 91.2%, P = 0.025, very low quality] was also decreased in gout patients. Despite the large heterogeneity, the sensitivity analysis indicated that the results were robust, and there was little evidence of publication bias.ConclusionThe risk of all-cause dementia, AD, and VD is decreased in gout patients, but the quality of evidence is generally low. More studies are still needed to validate and explore the mechanisms of this association.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails, identifier: CRD42022353312.
Impact of cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury on 1-year major adverse kidney events
Authors: Molina Andújar Alícia , Escudero Victor Joaquin , Piñeiro Gaston J. , Lucas Alvaro , Rovira Irene , Matute Purificación , Ibañez Cristina , Blasco Miquel , Quintana Luis F. , Sandoval Elena , Sánchez Marina Chorda , Quintana Eduard , Poch Esteban 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe incidence of acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery (CSA-AKI) is up to 30%, and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been found to be higher in these patients compared to the AKI-free population. The aim of our study was to assess the risk of major adverse kidney events (MAKE) [25% or greater decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), new hemodialysis, and death] after cardiac surgery in a Spanish cohort and to evaluate the utility of the score developed by Legouis D et al. (CSA-CKD score) in predicting the occurrence of MAKE.MethodsThis was a single-center retrospective study of patients who required cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during 2015, with a 1-year follow-up after the intervention. The inclusion criteria were patients over 18 years old who had undergone cardiac surgery [i.e., valve substitution (VS), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), or a combination of both procedures].ResultsThe number of patients with CKD (eGFR &lt; 60 mL/min) increased from 74 (18.3%) to 97 (24%) within 1 year after surgery. The median eGFR declined from 85 to 82 mL/min in the non-CSA-AKI patient group and from 73 to 65 mL/min in those with CSA-AKI (p = 0.024). Fifty-eight patients (1.4%) presented with MAKE at the 1-year follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the only variable associated with MAKE was CSA-AKI [odds ratio (OR) 2.386 (1.31–4.35), p = 0.004]. The median CSA-CKD score was higher in the MAKE cohort [3 (2–4) vs. 2 (1–3), p &lt; 0.001], but discrimination was poor, with a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value of 0.682 (0.611–0.754).ConclusionAny-stage CSA-AKI is associated with a risk of MAKE after 1 year. Further research into new measures that identify at-risk patients is needed so that appropriate patient follow-up can be carried out.
Genetic alterations in peritoneal metastatic tumors predicted the outcomes for hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Authors: Nguyen Quynh-Anh , Chou Wan-Hsuan , Hsieh Mao-Chih , Chang Che-Mai , Luo Wei-Tzu , Tai Yu-Ting , Chang Wei-Chiao 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionCytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are considered for patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM). However, patients selection that relies on conventional prognostic factors is not yet optimal. In this study, we performed whole exome sequencing (WES) to establish tumor molecular characteristics and expect to identify prognosis profiles for PM management. MethodsIn this study, blood and tumor samples were collected from patients with PM before HIPEC. Tumor molecular signatures were determined using WES. Patient cohort was divided into responders and non-responders according to 12-month progression-free survival (PFS). Genomic characteristics between the two cohorts were compared to study potential targets. ResultsIn total, 15 patients with PM were enrolled in this study. Driver genes and enriched pathways were identified from WES results. AGAP5 mutation was found in all responders. This mutation was significantly associated with better OS (p = 0.00652). ConclusionsWe identified prognostic markers that might be useful to facilitate decision-making before CRS/HIPEC.
Optimizing the structure of interdisciplinary tumor boards for effective cancer care
Authors: Braulke Friederike , Kober Kathrin , Arndt Andreas , Papendick Maximilian , Strauss Arne , Kramm Christof Maria , Thoms Kai-Martin , König Alexander , Gaedcke Jochen , Gallwas Julia , Wulf Svenja , Szuszies Christoph , Wulf Gerald , Rödel Ralph , Wolfer Susanne , Malinova Vesna , Overbeck Tobias R. , Hinterthaner Marc , Lotz Joachim , Nauck Friedemann , Ernst Marielle , Stadelmann Christine , Ströbel Philipp , Ellenrieder Volker , Asendorf Thomas , Rieken Stefan 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionMulti-professional interdisciplinary tumor boards (ITB) are essential institutions to discuss all newly diagnosed, relapsed or complex cancer patients in a team of specialists to find an optimal cancer care plan for each individual patient with regard to national and international clinical practice guidelines, patient´s preference and comorbidities. In a high-volume cancer center, entity-specific ITBs take place at least once a week discussing a large number of patients. To a high level of expertise and dedication, this also requires an enormous amount of time for physicians, cancer specialists and administrative support colleagues, especially for radiologists, pathologists, medical oncologists and radiation oncologists, who must attend all cancer-specific boards according to certification requirements.MethodsIn this 15-month prospective German single-center analysis, we examined the established structures of 12 different cancer-specific ITBs at the certified Oncology Center and demonstrate tools helping to optimize processes before, during and after the boards for optimal, time-saving procedures.ResultsBy changing pathways, introducing revised registration protocols and new digital supports we could show that the workload of preparation by radiologists and pathologists could be reduced significantly by 22.9% (p=&lt;0.0001) and 52.7% (p=&lt;0.0001), respectively. Furthermore, two questions were added to all registration forms about the patient´s need for specialized palliative care support that should lead to more awareness and early integration of specialized help.DiscussionThere are several ways to reduce the workload of all ITB team members while maintaining high quality recommendations and adherence to national and international guidelines.
Multi-b-value diffusion stretched-exponential model parameters correlate with MIB-1 and CD34 expression in Glioma patients, an intraoperative MR-navigated, biopsy-based histopathologic study
Authors: Wang Junlong , Zhang Hua , Dang Xuefei , Rui Wenting , Cheng Haixia , Wang Jing , Zhang Yong , Qiu Tianming , Yao Zhenwei , Liu Hanqiu , Pang Haopeng , Ren Yan 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundTo understand the pathological correlations of multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (MDWI) stretched-exponential model (SEM) parameters of α and diffusion distribution index (DDC) in patients with glioma. SEM parameters, as promising biomarkers, played an important role in histologically grading gliomas.MethodsBiopsy specimens were grouped as high-grade glioma (HGG) or low-grade glioma (LGG). MDWI-SEM parametric mapping of DDC1500, α1500 fitted by 15 b-values (0-1,500 sec/mm2)and DDC5000 and α5000 fitted by 22 b-values (0-5,000 sec/mm2) were matched with pathological samples (stained by MIB-1 and CD34) by coregistered localized biopsies, and all SEM parameters were correlated with these pathological indices pMIB-1(percentage of MIB-1 expression positive rate) and CD34-MVD (CD34 expression positive microvascular density for each specimen). The two-tailed Spearman’s correlation was calculated for pathological indexes and SEM parameters, as well as WHO grades and SEM parameters.ResultsMDWI-derived α1500 negatively correlated with CD34-MVD in both LGG (6 specimens) and HGG (26 specimens) (r=-0.437, P =0.012). MDWI-derived DDC1500 and DDC5000 negatively correlated with MIB-1 expression in all glioma patients (P&lt;0.05). WHO grades negatively correlated with α1500(r=-0.485; P=0.005) and α5000(r=-0.395; P=0.025).ConclusionsSEM-derived DDC and α are significant in histologically grading gliomas, DDC may indicate the proliferative ability, and CD34 stained microvascular perfusion may be an important determinant of water diffusion inhomogeneity α in glioma.
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue and risk of breast cancer: Mendelian randomization study in European and East Asian populations
Authors: Xu Yue-chen , Wang Jian-xiong , Chu Yi-ran , Qian Han , Wang Hong-yan , Wang Fan 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveAssociations between diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (MSCTD) and breast cancer (BC) have not been elucidated completely. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of MSCTD, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjogren syndrome (SS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), osteoarthritis (OA) of hip or knee, and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with BC in European populations and East Asian populations using Mendelian randomized (MR) analysis.MethodsThe genetic instruments linked to MSCTD, RA, SS, SLE, SSc, DM, PM, OA, and AS were chosen from the EBI database of complete genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data and the FinnGen consortium. The associations of genetic variants with BC were extracted from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). Two Sample MR was performed using summary data from GWAS, principally using the inverse variant weighted (IVW) method. Heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the results by weighted median, MR Egger, simple mode, weighted mode, and leave-one-out analysis.ResultsIn the European population, causal relationships between RA and BC (OR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.01-1.07, P=0.023), AS and BC (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.06-1.36, P=0.013) were confirmed. IVW analysis showed DM (OR=0.98, 95%CI: 0.96-0.99, P=0.026) and PM (OR=0.98, 95%CI: 0.97-0.99, P=0.002) were associated with slightly decreased risks of estrogen receptor (ER)+ BC, and MSCTD was associated with an increased risk of ER- BC (OR=1.85, 95%CI: 1.27-2.44, P=0.039). There was no causal relationship between SLE, SS, SSc, OA, and BC, neither ER+ BC nor ER- BC. However, in the East Asian population, IVW analysis showed that RA (OR=0.94, 95%CI: 0.89-0.99, P=0.0096) and SLE (OR=0.95, 95%CI: 0.92-0.99, P=0.0058) was associated with decreased risks of BC.ConclusionsThis study suggests that causal relationships between patients with MSCTD and BC in the European population are different from those in the East Asian population, patients with RA and AS in the European population have an increased risk of BC, patients with MSCTD have increased risk of ER- BC in the European population, while patients with RA and SLE in the East Asian population have decreased risk of BC.
A super-voxel-based method for generating surrogate lung ventilation images from CT
Authors: Chen Zhi , Huang Yu-Hua , Kong Feng-Ming , Ho Wai Yin , Ren Ge , Cai Jing 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and evaluate CTVISVD, a super-voxel-based method for surrogate computed tomography ventilation imaging (CTVI).Methods and Materials: The study used four-dimensional CT (4DCT) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images and corresponding lung masks from 21 patients with lung cancer obtained from the Ventilation And Medical Pulmonary Image Registration Evaluation dataset. The lung volume of the exhale CT for each patient was segmented into hundreds of super-voxels using the Simple Linear Iterative Clustering (SLIC) method. These super-voxel segments were applied to the CT and SPECT images to calculate the mean density values (Dmean) and mean ventilation values (Ventmean), respectively. The final CT-derived ventilation images were generated by interpolation from the Dmean values to yield CTVISVD. For the performance evaluation, the voxel- and region-wise differences between CTVISVD and SPECT were compared using Spearman’s correlation and the Dice similarity coefficient index. Additionally, images were generated using two deformable image registration (DIR)-based methods, CTVIHU and CTVIJac, and compared with the SPECT images.Results: The correlation between the Dmean and Ventmean of the super-voxel was 0.59 ± 0.09, representing a moderate-to-high correlation at the super-voxel level. In the voxel-wise evaluation, the CTVISVD method achieved a stronger average correlation (0.62 ± 0.10) with SPECT, which was significantly better than the correlations achieved with the CTVIHU (0.33 ± 0.14, p &lt; 0.05) and CTVIJac (0.23 ± 0.11, p &lt; 0.05) methods. For the region-wise evaluation, the Dice similarity coefficient of the high functional region for CTVISVD (0.63 ± 0.07) was significantly higher than the corresponding values for the CTVIHU (0.43 ± 0.08, p &lt; 0.05) and CTVIJac (0.42 ± 0.05, p &lt; 0.05) methods.Conclusion: The strong correlation between CTVISVD and SPECT demonstrates the potential usefulness of this novel method of ventilation estimation for surrogate ventilation imaging.
Metabolic cost of osmoregulation by the gastro-intestinal tract in marine teleost fish
Authors: Little A. , Pasparakis C. , Stieglitz J. , Grosell M. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Although dozens of studies have attempted to determine the metabolic cost of osmoregulation, mainly by comparing standard metabolic rates (SMR) in fish acclimated to different salinities, consensus is still lacking. Methods: In the present study, using the Gulf toadfish, Opsanus beta, we aimed to determine the metabolic cost of esophageal and intestinal osmoregulatory processes by estimating ATP consumption from known ion transport rates and pathways and comparing these estimates with measurements on isolated tissues. Further, we performed whole animal respirometry on fish acclimated to 9, 34 and 60 ppt.Results and Discussion: Our theoretical estimates of esophageal and intestinal osmoregulatory costs were in close agreement with direct measurements on isolated tissues and suggest that osmoregulation by these tissues amounts to ∼2.5% of SMR. This value agrees well with an earlier attempt to estimate osmoregulation cost from ion transport rates and combined with published measurements of gill osmoregulatory costs suggests that whole animal costs of osmoregulation in marine teleosts is ∼7.5% of SMR. As in many previous studies, our whole animal measurements were variable between fish and did not seem suited to determine osmoregulatory costs. While the esophagus showed constant metabolic rate regardless of acclimation salinity, the intestine of fish acclimated to higher salinities showed elevated metabolic rates. The esophagus and the intestine had 2.1 and 3.2-fold higher metabolic rates than corresponding whole animal mass specific rates, respectively. The intestinal tissue displays at least four different Cl− uptake pathways of which the Na+:Cl−:2 K+ (NKCC) pathway accounts for 95% of the Cl− uptake and is the most energy efficient. The remaining pathways are via apical anion exchange and seem to primarily serve luminal alkalinization and the formation of intestinal CaCO3 which is essential for water absorption.
Happiness and mental health of older adults: multiple mediation analysis
Authors: Sun Yujin 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThis study aims to explore the influence mechanism of older adult mental health. As the aging population grows, the mental health of older adults becomes a significant public health and social issue, with happiness serving as a key dimension of mental health.MethodsThis study utilizes public data from CGSS to investigate the relationship between happiness and mental health, with Process V4.1 used for mediating effects analysis.ResultsThe findings suggest a positive predictive effect of happiness on mental health, with three mediating paths identified: independent mediating effect paths of income satisfaction and health, as well as a multiple mediating effects path through income satisfaction and health.DiscussionThe study suggests that improving the multi-subject mental health support service system for older adults and creating public values for mental health risk coping mechanisms. This helps to understand the complex relationship between aging on individual and social levels. These results provide empirical support for healthy aging among older adults and future policymaking.