bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping the implementation and challenges of clinical services for psychosis prevention in England
Authors: Estradé Andrés , Spencer Tom John , De Micheli Andrea , Murguia-Asensio Silvia , Provenzani Umberto , McGuire Philip , Fusar-Poli Paolo 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionIndicated primary prevention of psychosis is recommended by NICE clinical guidelines, but implementation research on Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) services is limited.MethodsElectronic audit of CHR-P services in England, conducted between June and September 2021, addressing core implementation domains: service configuration, detection of at-risk individuals, prognostic assessment, clinical care, clinical research, and implementation challenges, complemented by comparative analyses across service model. Descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney U-tests were employed.ResultsTwenty-four CHR-P clinical services (19 cities) were included. Most (83.3%) services were integrated within other mental health services; only 16.7% were standalone. Across 21 services, total yearly caseload of CHR-P individuals was 693 (average: 33; range: 4–115). Most services (56.5%) accepted individuals aged 14–35; the majority (95.7%) utilized the Comprehensive Assessment of At Risk Mental States (CAARMS). About 65% of services reported some provision of NICE-compliant interventions encompassing monitoring of mental state, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and family interventions. However, only 66.5 and 4.9% of CHR-P individuals actually received CBT and family interventions, respectively. Core implementation challenges included: recruitment of specialized professionals, lack of dedicated budget, and unmet training needs. Standalone services reported fewer implementation challenges, had larger caseloads (p = 0.047) and were more likely to engage with clinical research (p = 0.037) than integrated services.DiscussionWhile implementation of CHR-P services is observed in several parts of England, only standalone teams appear successful at detection of at-risk individuals. Compliance with NICE-prescribed interventions is limited across CHR-P services and unmet needs emerge for national training and investments.
Atractylodin Ameliorates Colitis via PPARα Agonism
Authors: Heo Gwangbeom , Kim Yuju , Kim Eun-La , Park Soyeong , Rhee Sang Hoon , Jung Jee H. , Im Eunok 
Published: January 2023

Atractylodin is a major compound in the rhizome of Atractylodes lancea, an oriental herbal medicine used for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, including dyspepsia, nausea, and diarrhea. Recent studies have shown that atractylodin exerts anti-inflammatory effects in various inflammatory diseases. Herein, we investigated the anti-colitis effects of atractylodin and its molecular targets. We determined the non-cytotoxic concentration of atractylodin (50 μM) using a cell proliferation assay in colonic epithelial cells. We found that pretreatment with atractylodin significantly inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α-induced phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B in HCT116 cells. Through docking simulation analysis, luciferase assays, and in vitro binding assays, we found that atractylodin has an affinity for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). Daily administration of atractylodin (40 mg/kg) increased the survival rate of mice in a dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis mouse model. Thus, atractylodin can be a good strategy for colitis therapy through inducing PPARα-dependent pathways.
Revisión conceptual y normativa de las nociones asociadas a la redistribución equitativa de frecuencias establecida en la Ley Orgánica de Comunicación de Ecuador desde 2013 a 2019
Authors: Jurado Vargas Romel Gustavo 
Published: January 2023

Este artículo explora el alcance y la interrelación de las nociones conceptuales y normativas de concentración de las frecuencias, democratización de la comunicación, medios de alcance nacional y redistribución equitativa de frecuencias que usaron actores sociales, académicos y políticos en la fundamentación y formulación de la Ley Orgánica de Comunicación (LOC). Con la metodología empleada se recogieron, organizaron y analizaron artículos científicos, leyes y proyectos de ley, así como notas de prensa que documentan las posiciones e ideas sobre el tema.

Entre los principales resultados tenemos que, para los actores sociales y políticos que promovieron la democratización de la comunicación, estas nociones conceptuales y normativas se articularon para impedir la concentración de la propiedad de los medios de comunicación que operan con frecuencias del espectro radioeléctrico; establecer severas restricciones a la inversión de entidades financieras y comerciales en medios de comunicación de alcance nacional; limitar drásticamente que personas extranjeras residentes en el exterior sean propietarios de medios de comunicación social de alcance nacional; hacer accesible a los actores comunitarios y públicos un conjunto de frecuencias de similar magnitud a la que tienen derecho a operar los actores privados de la comunicación; establecer principios y mecanismos eficaces de participación y acceso a los medios de comunicación para los ciudadanos; y, establecer medidas afirmativas para la creación y funcionamiento de medios comunitarios.
The Four Types of Varunathar Culture in Sangam Literature
Authors: S.P Induja 
Published: January 2023

The Sangam literature clearly captures the way of life and cultural characteristics of the ancient Tamils. It is the Sangam literature that reveals the antiquity and venerability of the Tamil people even today. Literature is composed of beautiful songs that are rich in ideas and imagination. It is through these verses that the backgrounds of the Brahmins, Kings, Vellalas, and Merchants who existed at that time can be understood. The occupations, customs, rituals, etc., of the people who lived in ancient society can be traced back to the Sangam literature. The Tamil language is the classical language of the world's languages. Literature in this language has innumerable details about culture. But in today's environment, culture is only found in the books we read. The purpose of this article is to reveal that the only truth is the idea that everyone, from the common man to the educated, is changing according to the times and the environment.
Formulasi Krim Tabir Surya Ekstrak Daun Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa A.N. Duch) Asal Malino, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Daud Nur Saadah , Musdalipah Musdalipah , Karmilah Karmilah , Hikma Eny Nur , Tee Selfyana Austin , Rusli Nirwati , Fauziah Yulianti , Sari Evi Nur Indah 
Published: January 2023

Daun stroberi (Fragaria x anannasa A.N. Duch) adalah salah satu bagian tanaman stroberi yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai produk tabir surya. Kandungan senyawa fenolik daun stroberi memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan aktivitas tabir surya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat krim tabir surya yang memenuhi syarat evaluasi fisik sediaan dan penentuan Sun Protecting Factor (SPF) krim. Daun stroberi diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Ekstrak daun stroberi dibuat dalam tiga formula pada konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15%. Uji evaluasi fisik terhadap sediaan dilakukan dengan beberapa parameter pengujian yaitu uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji homogenitas, uji tipe krim dan uji daya sebar. Penentuan aktivitas tabir surya menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 290 nm - 320 nm. Parameter yang digunakan berdasarkan transmisi eritema (Te), transmisi pigmentasi (Tp) dan Sun Protecting Factor (SPF) pada krim tabir surya. Hasil penelitian menujukkan krim tabir surya (F1, F2, F3) berbentuk krim, berwarna hijau kecoklatan, dan aroma khas ekstrak. Sediaan homogen, tipe krim berupa sediaan minyak dalam air, nilai pH 6,0. Nilai SPF pada konsentrasi ekstrak 5, 10 dan 15% secara berturut-turut 5,94, 10,58 dan 14,65. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak, nilai SPF yang dihasilkan semakin besar. Formula 3 (15%) merupakan krim yang terbaik dengan nilai SPF tertinggi dengan kategori proteksi maksimal.
Potensi Bajakah Tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) Sebagai Antibakteri dan Antijamur Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Candida albicans
Authors: Mochtar Chaerul Fadly , Saleh Lysa Oktaviani , Hamzah Hasyrul , Ilyas Nita Magfirah 
Published: January 2023

Bajakah Tampala merupakan tanaman asli Kalimantan Timur yang mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri, tetapi hingga saat ini aktivitas antibakteri dan antijamurnya terhadap S. aureus dan C. albicans belum ada yang melaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bajakah tampala sebagai antibakteri terhadap S. aureus dan antijamur C. albicans. Efektivitas antibakteri bajakah tampala terhadap S. aureus dan antijamur C. albicans dilakukan menggunakan metode microbroth dilution dengan melihat nilai minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC50). Ekstrak etanol kulit bajakah tampala mempunyai senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid dan terpenoid. Ekstrak etanol bajakah tampala mempunyai aktivitas terhadap antibakteri S. aureus serta antijamur C. albicans. Oleh karena itu, etanol kulit bajakah tampala dapat dikembangkan menjadi kandidat agen antibakteri dan atijamur terhadap S. aureus dan C. albicans.
Potensi Ekstrak Kulit Buah Terong Belanda (Solanum betaceum Cav.) Dalam Sediaan Sirup Sebagai Imunomodulator Pencegah Covid-19
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah , Duppa Muhahammad Taufiq 
Published: January 2023

Kulit buah Terong Belanda diketahui mengandung senyawa golongan fenol, flavonoid dan saponin yang merupakan metabolit sekunder yang paling banyak terdapat dalam tanaman dan tumbuhan yang berperan sebagai antioksidan, membantu metabolisme seperti meningkatkan imunitas dan kesegaran tubuh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek imunomodulator ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda yang dibuat dalam bentuk sirup sebagai pencegah Covid-19. Pembuatan ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda dengan cara Maserasi menggunakan Etanol 96%. Ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda di buat dalam sediaan Sirup dengan tiga formula yaitu formula I (ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda 5 %), formula II (ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda 10 %) dan formula III (ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda15 %). Hewan uji Mencit sebanyak 15 ekor terbagi dalam 5 kelompok. Kelompok I (kontrol negative Na-CMC 1 % b/v), kelompok II kontrol positif (Ekstrak Echinacea, Elderberry, Zn Picolinate), kelompok III (sirup ekstrak 5 %), kelompok IV (sirup ekstrak 10 %) dan kelompok V (sirup ekstrak 15 %). Perlakuan diberikan selama tujuh hari berturut-turut secara per oral dan pada hari ke delapan diinfeksikan Staphylococcus aureus 0,5 mL secara intraperitonial setiap kelompok. Apusan cairan peritoneum digunakan untuk menentukan aktivitas fagositosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji stabilitas dipercepat terhadap Sirup stabil setelah penyimpanan. Sirup ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda memiliki efek imunomodulator yaitu kelompok V (sirup ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda konsentrasi 15 %) dengan rata-rata persentase nilai aktivitas fagositosisnya adalah 95,22 %. Dan kontrol positif (Imboost force®) 97,33%. Hasil analisis uji one way ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna dengan nilai sig. 0,036 < 0,05 yang berarti kontrol positif (Imboost Force®) memiliki efek imunomodulator yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan sirup ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda.
Factores sociodemográficos asociados al Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales de enfermería
Authors: Salcedo-Vite David Antonio , Morales-Fonseca Cristhian Fabricio , Jurado-Mendoza Diana Elizabeth , Romero-Vega Jimena Verónica 
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Analizar los factores sociodemográficos asociados al Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales de enfermería. Método: Es de tipo cuantitativa documental-bibliográfica que consistió en la revisión sistemática de artículos científicos indexados en bases de datos científicos ampliamente reconocidas, con el propósito de obtener los resultados de esta revisión de literatura científica, seleccionando varios artículos que dan soporte al tema de investigación. Resultados y conclusiones: El estado civil se ha asociado a este Síndrome con las personas que no tienen pareja estable, las personas solteras poseen mayor cansancio emocional. Se puedo observar que los factores sociodemográficos asociados al síndrome de Burnout influyen en el ejercicio de la profesión de enfermería sobre todos los relacionados a la edad y cantidad de hijos que existan en el hogar, el primer caso de manera negativa para los que inician las labores y el segundo caso de forma positiva ya que ayuda a afrontar las exigencias.
Awareness of Radiation Protection and Common Radiation Dose Levels Among Healthcare Workers
Authors: Alyousef Khalid , Assiri Amjad , Almutairi Samiah , Aldalham Thekra , Felimban Ghadah 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTIntroductionAccess to ionizing radiation has become widely available for diagnosis and treatment. The increased use of ionizing radiation has been associated with radiation exposure hazards for patients and radiation workers. Raising the level of radiation protection awareness is important to maintain the safety of healthcare settings.MethodsOnline questionnaires were distributed to 755 healthcare workers and students at King Abdulaziz Medical City and King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire consisted of 14 multiple-choice questions divided into two sections (questions related to radiation protection and common radiologic examination doses).ResultsIn total, 443 participants completed the questionnaire, including 142 (32%) medical students, 107 (24%) radiology technologists, 105 (24%) radiography students, and 89 (20%) physicians. Of the participants, 245 (55%) were men. A total of 74 (84%) physicians and 51 (47%) radiology technologists had more than 5 years of experience. Eleven (12%) physicians and 44 (41%) radiology technologists had 1–4 years of experience, whereas the rest had less than 1 year of experience. Only 16% of participants attended training courses on a regular basis. However, 15% of the participants thought that they had excellent knowledge of radiation protection, whereas 18% admitted that they did not have sufficient knowledge. Sixty-two percent of the questions related to radiation protection awareness were answered correctly. Forty-five percent of the participants correctly answered questions related to doses from common radiologic examinations. Only 23% and 16% of participants were aware of the noncontrast chest CT and lumbar x-ray doses, respectively. Moreover, 35% and 24% of participants did not know that pelvic MRI and abdominal ultrasound do not contribute any radiation dose, respectively.ConclusionThe results showed a knowledge gap regarding radiation protection and dose levels; therefore, periodic refresher courses are recommended for healthcare workers in order to increase the level of awareness.
ФІНАНСОВІ ІНСТРУМЕНТИ СТИМУЛЮВАННЯ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Мишко О.А. 
Published: January 2023

В статті досліджено сучасний стан та перспективи розвитку підприємництва в Україні. Розглянуті основні види суб’єктів підприємництва та виділені їх характерні особливості. Виявлено основні проблеми, що стримують розвиток підприємництва в Україні, а саме: недосконалість законодавчого забезпечення, корупція, податкове навантаження, дефіцит фінансових ресурсів, низька купівельна спроможність покупців та ін.
Визначено, що для забезпечення розвитку підприємництва в країні необхідно впроваджувати ефективні фінансові інструменти на всіх рівнях господарювання. Розглянуто механізм застосування прямих та непрямих заходів державної підтримки підприємництва. Окреслено потребу вдосконалення нормативно-правової бази з метою забезпечення стійкості суб’єктів підприємництва до кризових явищ в сучасній економіці
Pelatihan Keterampilan Make Up Karnaval Untuk Meningkatkan Life Skill Siswa MAN 2 Madiun
Authors: Kusstianti Nia , Dindy Sinta Megasari  , Sri Usodoningtyas  , Dewi Lutfiati  , Arita Puspitorini  
Published: January 2023

MAN 2 Madiun merupakan jenjang sekolah formal dimana diberikan pendidikan umum dan pendidikan agama. Selain pendidikan formal disekolah, siswa MAN 2 Madiun membutuhkan keterampilan yang dapat digunakan untuk menghadapi berbagai tantangan hidup. Salah satu keterampilan yang dibutuhkan adalah keterampilan make up karnaval. Tujuan dari pelatihan make up karnaval adalah meningkatkan keterampilan, menumbuhkan jiwa berwirausaha dan meningkatkan lifeskill siswa. Pelaksanaan pelatihan menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung dengan metode demonstrasi. Hasil pelatihan dinilai dengan teknik observasi untuk melihat keberhasilan dari pelatihan. Hasil dari pelatihan didapatkan 25% peserta melakukan make up dengan sangat rapi dan 65% rapi, 40% peserta menggunakan kombinasi warna yang sangat baik dan 60% baik, 60% peserta membuat gambar diwajah sangat sesuai dengan desain dan 25% sesuai desain, serta 25% peserta hasil make up keseluruhan sangat baik dan 75% baik. Tanggapan peserta terhadap kegiatan pelatihan make up karnaval diperoleh hampir 100% memberikan respon yang positif.
Selection within working memory impairs perceptual detection
Authors: Macedo-Pascual Joaquín , Capilla Almudena , Campo Pablo , Hinojosa José Antonio , Poch Claudia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere is broad consensus supporting the reciprocal influence of working memory (WM) and attention. Top-down mechanisms operate to cope with either environmental or internal demands. In that sense, it is possible to select an item within the contents of WM to endow it with prioritized access. Although evidence supports that maintaining an item in this privileged state does not rely on sustained visual attention, it is unknown whether selection within WM depends on perceptual attention. To answer this question, we recorded electrophysiological neural activity while participants performed a retro-cue task in which we inserted a detection task in the delay period after retro-cue presentation. Critically, the onset of to-be-detected near threshold stimuli was unpredictable, and thus, sustained perceptual spatial attention was needed to accomplish the detection task from the offset of the retro-cue. At a behavioral level, we found decreased visual detection when a WM representation was retro-cued. At a neural level, alpha oscillatory activity confirmed a spatial shift of attention to the retro-cued representation. We interpret the convergence of neural oscillations and behavioral data to point towards the theory that selection within WM could be accomplished through a perceptual attentional mechanism.
The Valley of Death of Start-ups: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Zapata-Molina Cesar , Montes-Hincapié Juan Manuel , Londoño-Arias José , Baier-Fuentes Hugo 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The main factor that contributes to the socioeconomic development of a local territory is entrepreneurship; unfortunately, start-ups in Latin America have high failure rates during the first 5 years of operation, failing to overcome the so-called valley of death. This article aims to determine how literature explains this phenomenon, mapping current knowledge and identifying gaps in the relevant literature.Design/methodology/approach: A bibliometric analysis was carried out in order to build a state of the art starting from a search equation elaborated with the Citation Pearl Growing technique, which was entered into the SCOPUS and Web of Science (WOS) indexers, then the study of keywords co-occurrence was carried out with the VOSviewer® software, and as a result, the content analysis of 91 articles was performed with ATLAS.ti®.Findings: The review allowed to classify three clusters: valley of death, causes of the valley of death, and how to overcome the valley of death. This article identifies and reflects on the perception of various authors.There are still gaps in the literature and this work will allow researchers, legislators, and entrepreneurs to have an approach to information and updated scientific knowledge and to continue with its development, to identify the causes and possible ways to face this phenomenon.Originality/value: This document offers a mapping of information and scientific knowledge related to the valley of death, referring to the early stage in which enterprises are more vulnerable and tend to fail.
Evidence for Enrichment of Niobium-92 in the Outer Protosolar Disk
Authors: Hibiya Yuki , Iizuka Tsuyoshi , Enomoto Hatsuki , Hayakawa Takehito 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The short-lived radionuclide, niobium-92 (92Nb), has been used to estimate the site of nucleosynthesis for p-nuclei and the timing of planetary differentiation, assuming that it was uniformly distributed in the early solar system. Here, we present the internal niobium–zirconium (Nb–Zr) isochron dating of Northwest Africa (NWA) 6704, an achondrite thought to form in the outer protosolar disk due to nucleosynthetic isotope similarities with carbonaceous chondrites. The isochron defines an initial 92Nb/93Nb ratio of (2.72 ± 0.25) × 10−5 at the NWA 6704 formation, 4562.76 ± 0.30 million years ago. This corresponds to a 92Nb/93Nb ratio of (2.96 ± 0.27) × 10−5 at the time of solar system formation, which is ∼80% higher than the values obtained from meteorites formed in the inner disk. The results suggest that a significant proportion of the solar 92Nb was produced by a nearby core-collapse supernova (CCSN) and that the outer disk was more enriched in CCSN ejecta, which could account for the heterogeneity of short-lived 26Al and nucleosynthetic stable-isotope anomalies across the disk. We propose that NWA 6704 serves as the best anchor for mapping relative Nb–Zr ages of objects in the outer solar system onto the absolute timescale.
Trace Elements in Blood of Sea Ducks from Dutch Harbor and Izembek Lagoon, Alaska
Authors: Franson J. Christian , Hollmén Tuula E. , Flint Paul L. , Matz Angela C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn 2001, we collected whole blood from sea ducks—Steller's eider Polysticta stelleri, harlequin duck Histrionicus histrionicus, black scoter Melanitta nigra, and long-tailed duck Clangula hyemalis—wintering at Dutch Harbor, Alaska, and from Steller's eiders molting at Izembek Lagoon on the Alaska Peninsula. Analysis of blood samples was done for 19 trace elements, of which 17 were detected in one or more samples. In Steller's eiders, mean concentrations of six trace elements (As, B, Fe, Hg, Se, and Mo) were greater at Dutch Harbor and mean concentrations of four trace elements (Cr, Cu, Mg, and Zn) were greater at Izembek Lagoon. Among sea ducks at Dutch Harbor, mean concentrations of five trace elements (Cu, Hg, Se, Zn, and V) differed by species: Steller's eiders had greater concentrations of Cu, Zn, and V in their blood; black scoters had the highest concentration of Se; and harlequin ducks had the highest Hg level, with a mean concentration slightly above a threshold effect level. One Steller's eider and one harlequin duck from Dutch Harbor had blood Pb levels above background concentrations. We have no observations to indicate that concentrations of these trace elements were associated with adverse effects.