bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The benefits of traditional birth attendants on maternal and fetal outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ateudjieu Jerome , Fodjo Joseph Nelson Siewe , Ambomatei Calson , Tchio-Nighie Ketina Hirma , Ebongo Zacheus Nanje , Kouanfack Charles , Bissek Anne-Cecile Zoung-Kanyi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background The role of traditional birth attendants (TBA) in improving outcomes related to maternal and child health remains controversial. We performed an up-to-date systematic review to pool together available data on the impact of TBA interventions on materno-fetal outcomes. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and 3ie databases (search date: 22nd August 2022) to identify original research articles which studied health outcomes in populations of pregnant women and children following TBA-related interventions. Data on the frequency of the outcome (expressed as proportions) occurring in study populations with and without the intervention were extracted. The data were synthesized and used for meta-analysis, with the creation of sub-groups as appropriate for comparisons. The Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel method was used to generate Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for data analysis. Results Of the 744 studies found during the initial database search, data was extracted from 45 eligible studies representing observations from 194,699 women and 199,779 children. We found that the involvement and/or training of TBAs in maternal and child healthcare does not significantly contribute to reducing maternal mortality (pooled OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.42–1.98) or infant morbidity (pooled OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.57–1.27). However, TBA-related interventions proved useful in curbing both neonatal mortality (pooled OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.71–0.84) and maternal morbidity (pooled OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.43–0.93). Overall, TBA involvement was associated with increased uptake of some health interventions including antenatal consultations, delivery by a skilled birth attendant, early breastfeeding, and immunization (pooled OR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.75–3.35). Conclusions Based on studies conducted in the past, it appears that proper training and supervision could render TBAs useful in addressing shortages in maternal and child health actors. This finding is particularly relevant for remote communities with few trained healthcare workers and even fewer health facilities. Large community-based prospective studies may be required to investigate the materno-fetal benefits and cost-effectiveness of integrating TBAs within present-day health systems in SSA. Registration: This systematic review was not registered.
Strong Product of Pythagorean Fuzzy Incidence Graphs With Application
Authors: NAZEER IRFAN , Hussain Muhammad Tanveer , RASHID TABASAM 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Graph operations give rise to the latest classification of graphs from the first ones, which may be beneficial for the modeling and identification of computer network designs. This research article proposed the definition of Pythagorean fuzzy incidence graph (PyFIG) by initiating prolific consequences and concepts associated with an operation on PyFIGs named the strong product. Together with completeness, regularity, and partial regularity of strong product PyFIGs, various ideas are obtained. The definition of full regular PyFIG along with some significant results is also acquired. In the end, an application of a strong product of two PyFIGs to choose the best Corona vaccination center among different centers is provided.
Altered dynamic network interactions in children with ASD during face recognition revealed by time-varying EEG networks
Authors: Chen Baodan , Jiang Lin , Lu Guoqing , Li Yuqin , Zhang Shu , Huang Xunan , Xu Peng , Li Fali , Yao Dezhong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Although the electrophysiological event-related potential (ERP) in face processing (e.g., N170) is widely accepted as a face-sensitivity biomarker that is deficient in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the time-varying brain networks during face recognition are still awaiting further investigation.Methods: To explore the social deficits in ASD, especially the time-varying brain networks during face recognition, the current study analyzed the N170, cortical activity, and time-varying networks under three tasks (face-upright, face-inverted, and house-upright) in ASD and typically developing (TD) children.Results: The results revealed a smaller N170 amplitude in ASD compared with TD, along with decreased cortical activity mainly in occipitotemporal areas. Concerning the time-varying networks, the atypically stronger information flow and brain network connections across frontal, parietal, and temporal regions in ASD were reported, which reveals greater effort was exerted by ASD to obtain comparable performance to the TD children, although the amplitude of N170 was still smaller than that of the TD children.Conclusion: Different brain activation states and interaction patterns of brain regions during face-processing were discovered between ASD and TD. These findings shed light on the face-processing mechanisms in children with ASD and provide new insight for understanding the social dysfunction of ASD.
Gaming in Pandemic Times: An International Survey Assessing the Effects of Covid-19 Lockdowns on Video Gamer's Health
Authors: DiFrancisco-Donoghue Joanne , Heras Bernat DE Las , Li Orville , Middleton Jake , Jung Min-Kyung 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: The onset of COVID-19 coincided with the peak growth of video game usage with 2.7 billion gamers in 2020. During the pandemic, gaming and streaming platforms offered an entertaining, social, and safe alternative to recreation during severe lockdowns and social isolations.
This study aimed to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-related outcomes in self-proclaimed video gamers based on the type of lockdown experienced, and to discuss the potential role of video games during times of preventive lockdown measures.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional international survey constructed by two academic institutions NYIT (NY; USA); McGill University, (Montreal, Canada) and Adamas Esports (BC, Canada). The survey consisted of questions including demographics, multiple-choice, rating, and Likert scales relating to prior and during the COVID-19 lockdowns. Respondents included 897 replies from North America (72.7%), Europe (10.9%), Asia (4.9%) and other countries (11.5%) mean age 22 years.
Results: Significant increases in game time were reported in casual and competitive gamers during the first months of the pandemic. Level of gaming, type of lockdown, and physical activity level prior to the pandemic were examined as potential moderating factors. Significant increases in sedentary behaviors (video game time and sitting time) were observed, while physical activity levels remained unchanged in most participants regardless of the type of lockdown. Sleep time, but not sleep quality, increased, while mental health exhibited opposing effects, influenced by the type of lockdown and gaming competition levels.
Conclusions:Video games, when played moderately, could offer a cost-effective, safe strategy to promote socialization, mental health, and improve the overall well-being of the non-gaming and gaming population during pandemic times when strict lockdowns are in place.
Morphological and Genetic Characterization of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) in Kayunga and Luwero districts of Uganda
Authors: Gwokyalya Racheal , Nanteza Ann , Wagaba Henry , Kayondo Siraj Ismail , Kazigaba Dan , Nakabonge Grace 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), is an economically valuable fruit tree. Despite its potential, the production of jackfruit in Uganda is currently low, and may face further reduction due to deforestation. As a result, genetic erosion of the tree resource is predicted, before its documentation and exploitation for possible crop improvement and sustainable conservation. As a prerequisite for crop improvement and conservation, 100 A. heterophyllus tree isolates from Kayunga and Luwero districts in Uganda were characterized using 16 morphological and 10 microsatellite markers.
Results
The results from the morphological analysis showed variation in the tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and crown diameter traits, with coefficients of variation (CV) values of 20%, 41%, and 33% respectively. Except for taste, various forms of the 13 assessed qualitative traits were observed. Genotyping showed that the number of alleles amplified per microsatellite locus ranged from 2 to 5, with an average of 2.90, and totalling to 29. The mean observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity were 0.71 and 0.57 respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 81% of the variation occurred within individual trees, 19% among trees within populations and 0% between the two populations. The gene flow (Nm) in the two populations was 88.72. The results from further analysis using ‘Partitioning Around Medoids’ (PAM), Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) and genetic cluster analysis further revealed no differentiation of the A. heterophyllus populations. In addition, the Mantel test revealed no significant correlation between the genetic and geographic distances, and the morphological and geographic distances, and a negligible correlation between the morphological and genetic distances.
Discussion
Diversity was observed in the assessed A. heterophyllus because the crop is crossly pollinated. However, there was no differentiation of the jackfruit populations probably because of continuous gene flow in the adjacently located districts. Morphological resemblance did not imply genetic similarity probably because morphology is influenced by the environment.
Conclusions
Both morphological and genetic analyses revealed variation of jackfruit within a single interbreeding population. The observed diversity can be exploited to establish breeding and conservation strategies to increase production of jackfruit. However, selecting germplasm depending on morphological assessment alone may be misleading.
Pulmonary actinomycosis with polymicrobial co-infection presenting as pulmonary abscess：a case report
Authors: Song Shuangshuang , He Yi , Xiong Wei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary actinomycosis is very rare. It is often misdiagnosed as lung cancer, tuberculosis, pulmonary aspergillosis or pulmonary abscess. Predisposing factors are immunosuppressive conditions, poor oral hygiene and chronic lung disease. Co-infection with different strains of actinomycetes, aspergillus and bacteria is rarely reported, which is a major cause of treatment failure.
Case presentation：We reported a case of 63-year old woman with 3-month history of cough, expectoration and occasional hemoptysis. Pulmonary actinomycosis with polymicrobial co-infection including actinomyces mucous, actinomyces graevenitzii, aspergillus, klebsiella pneumoniae and streptococcus constellations in left inferior lobe was confirmed by etiological culture. Combined antibiotic therapy and bronchoalveolar lavage were administrated successfully. The clinical symptoms and radiologic abnormalities had improved significantly.
Conclusions:Pulmonary actinomycosis is often misdiagnosed because of the nonspecific clinical manifestations and laboratory tests.Bronchoscopy plays a key role in the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways. Co-infection make the treatment more difficult. This case improves our understanding of the diagnosis and comprehensive therapeutic strategies for pulmonary actinomycosis with polymicrobial co-infection in the elderly.
Novel strategy for in-vitro validation of Babesia orientalis heat shock proteins chaperone activity and thermostability
Authors: Hu Jinfang , Fan Lizhe , Huang Yuan , He Pei , He Lan , Zhao Junlong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Babesia orientalis, an intracellular protozoan, which infects red blood cells and causes water buffalo babesiosis. The genome of B. orientalis has been reported and various genes have been accurately annotated, including heat shock proteins (HSP). Three B. orientalis HSPs (HSP90, HSP70 and HSP20) have been previously identified as potential antigenic targets. Here, a new validation strategy for the chaperone activities and cell protection characteristics of the three B. orientalis HSPs was developed in vitro.
Methods: BoHSP20, BoHSP70 and BoHSP90B were amplified from cDNA, followed by cloning them into the pEGFP-N1 vector and transfecting the vector plasmid separately into 293T and Hela mammalian cells. Their expression and localization were determined by fluorescence microscopy. The biological functions and protein stability were testified through an analysis of the fluorescence intensity duration. Their role in the protection of cell viability from heat-shock treatments was examined by MTT assay.
Results: Fusion proteins pEGFP-N1-BoHSP20, pEGFP-N1-BoHSP70, and pEGFP-N1-BoHSP90B (pBoHSPs: pBoHSP20; pBoHSP70 and pBoHSP90B) were identified as 47 kDa/97 kDa/118 kDa with a 27 kDa GFP tag, respectively. Prolonged fluorescent protein half-time was observed specifically in pBoHSPs under heat shock treatment at 55 ℃, and BoHSP20 showed relatively better thermotolerance than BoHSP70 and BoHSP90B. Significant difference was found between pBoHSPs and controls in the cell survival curve after 2 h of 45 ℃ heat shock.
Conclusion: Significant biological properties of heat stress-associated genes of B. orientalis were identified in eukaryote by a new strategy. Fusion proteins pBoHSP20, pBoHSP70 and pBoHSP90B showed good chaperone activity and thermo-stability in this study, implying that BoHSPs played a key role in protecting B. orientalis against heat-stress environment during parasite life cycle. In a word, the in-vitro model explored in this study provides a new way to investigate the biological functions of B. orientalis proteins during the host -parasite interaction.
Estimating the renewables pull in future global green value chains
Authors: Verpoort Philipp C. , Gast Lukas , Hofmann Anke , Ueckerdt Falko 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

On the path to climate neutrality, global patterns of industrial production and trade might change due to the heterogeneous distribution of renewable energy resources. Here we estimate the “renewables pull”, i.e. the cost savings when relocating low-carbon production from a renewable-scarce region and instead importing energy-intensive basic materials from renewable-rich regions. For an electricity-price difference of 50 EUR/MWh, these relocation savings are roughly -20 % for imported steel and -50 % for urea and ethylene. Conserving production patterns by importing green hydrogen via ship is substantially costlier. A middle way could be a relocation of only the most energy-intensive parts of industrial production, while keeping substantial value creation in importing regions. Despite inhibiting factors such as benefits of short and integrated supply chains, the renewables pull is likely to incentivise green relocation without policy interventions. A societal debate on macroeconomic, industrial and geopolitical implications is needed, potentially resulting in selective policies of green-relocation protection.
A new detection of flexible Weibull model with application
Authors: Alomani Ghadah , Emam Walid 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The new family of distributions may provide a better fit to the data than existing families of distributions. This can lead to more accurate modeling and prediction. The new family of distributions may provide insights into the underlying mechanisms that generate the data. This can lead to improved understanding of the phenomenon being studied. The new family of distributions may generalize existing families, allowing for more flexible modeling and analysis. The new family of distributions may have applications in areas where existing families are not suitable or have not been explored. Overall, a new family of distributions can expand the toolkit available to researchers and practitioners, leading to improved modeling, analysis, and understanding in a variety of fields. In this paper, we introduce a new family of distributions, which we call the generalized Weibull exponential family. This family includes several well-known distributions as special cases. One advantage of the generalized Weibull exponential family is its flexibility in modeling a wide range of shapes and scales. It can handle both increasing and decreasing hazard rates, which are important in reliability analysis. Moreover, it can capture heavy-tailed or light-tailed behavior depending on the choice of parameters. In conclusion, we believe that the generalized Weibull exponential family is a useful addition to the existing families of distributions. Its flexibility and tractability make it a promising candidate for modeling data in various applications. Based on the proposed family, we introduce a new model with five parameters, named the generalized Weibull exponential distribution. Some mathematical properties were obtained. Maximum likelihood estimates for the model parameters were derived. A Monte Carlo simulation study was derived to assess the performance of the maximum likelihood estimates. A simulation study based on the parameters of the proposed model was performed. Finally, an application to real data set was performed.
Prognosis of patients with septic shock predicted by bioinformatics analysis based on gene expression profiling
Authors: Li Yang , Chen Whenhao , Guo Wentao , Wang Chenglin , Li Shilin , Chen Muhu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to perform bioinformatic analysis of gene expression profiles in septic shock in order to explore potential characteristic genes in patients with septic shock and thus to predict prognosis of septic shock. Methods: Peripheral blood specimens from patients with septic shock (n=11) and normal human volunteers (n=10) were sequenced for RNA, and the R-language based integrated differential expression and pathway analysis (iDEP) (http://bioinformatics.sdstate.edu/idep/) web tool was used to perform gene high and low expression groups Screening analysis ultimately yielded differentially expressed genes (DEGs, log2FC ≥ 4, q-value ≤ 0.01). DEGs were analysed by gene ontology enrichment and screened for potential core genes using protein-protein interactions (PPI). In addition, survival data in GSE95233 were used to observe the correlation between core genes and prognosis.
Results: The analysis resulted in the screening of four differential genes that are indicative of the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and prognosis of septic shock disease, namely: CD6, CD247, LCK and CD3E.
Conclusion: This study identified five signalling pathways and four core genes through bioinformatic analysis of gene expression profiles that may represent molecular mechanisms for the onset, progression and risk prediction of septic shock.
Diurnal naps and sleep interruption as precipitating factors of sleep paralysis in elite Japanese athletes
Authors: Hoshikawa Masako , Fukuda Kazuhiko , Kogure Takamasa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations are observed during sleep-onset rapid eye movement (REM) periods (SOREMPs). SOREMPs are associated with sleep pattern disruption. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of sleep paralysis and several sleep parameters in elite athletes and control groups to determine the relationship between sleep paralysis and specific sleep characteristics.Methods Eighty-four (47 male) elite and 116 (49 male) non-athletes (controls) were recruited. A questionnaire regarding the occurrence of sleep paralysis and several sleep parameters was administered.Results A relationship between sleep paralysis and long diurnal nap frequency was revealed. A small proportion (6.5%) of participants with sleep paralysis did not routinely take long naps, while 24.3% of those without sleep paralysis did not routinely take long naps. This proportion was rather striking in athletes compared with that in non-athletes. Participants with sleep paralysis experienced more frequent sleep interruptions than those without sleep paralysis, a difference that was more pronounced in athletes than in non-athletes.Conclusion The prevalence of sleep paralysis was reported to be high among elite Japanese athletes and non-athletes, a finding that is in accordance with previous reports. Long nap routines and sleep interruptions are closely associated with sleep paralysis, especially in elite athletes. A lengthy nap routine is sometimes recommended for sleep loss compensation, especially among elite athletes; however, since the occurrence of sleep paralysis may be a sign of sleep-wake rhythm disruption, caution is suggested when recommending long nap routines, even to athletes.
An Enhanced Privacy Preservation Method Using Data Anonymization with Oppositional Fruit Fly Technique
Authors: Kiran Ajmeera , Khan Mudassir , Babu J. Chinna , Kumar B. P. Santosh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, information is critical in every organization's decision-making process, especially in the business world. We are currently living in an information-processing civilization. Any organization or corporation relies on information about its most essential source of revenue. Every day, a large amount of sensitive information is generated by various corporate organizations such as banking, health care, and other similar organizations. This type of information is disseminated among numerous sources via various communication channels. As a result, safeguarding such sensitive information is critical in any data mining application. The data anonymization using the opposition fruitfly technique is described in detail in this article, including an upgraded privacy protection technique. For clustering, the suggested method uses an updated Fuzzy C-Means algorithm. The oppositional fruitfly algorithm, the proposed approach's privacy, has been validated for effectiveness. Comparing the suggested article with two existing methodologies demonstrates that the submitted article increased accuracy and privacy level. The suggested privacy preservation employing data anonymization methodology outperforms the existing method by 94.17% while the existing method outperforms it by 82.17%.