bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventions to reduce cancer screening inequities: the perspective and role of patients, advocacy groups, and empowerment organizations
Authors: Richardson-Parry Afua , Baas Carole , Donde Shaantanu , Ferraiolo Bianca , Karmo Maimah , Maravic Zorana , Münter Lars , Ricci-Cabello Ignacio , Silva Mitchell , Tinianov Stacey , Valderas Jose M. , Woodruff Seth , van Vugt Joris 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHealth inequities lead to low rates of cancer screening in certain populations, such as low-income and ethnic minority groups. Different interventions to address this have been developed with mixed results. However, interventions are not always developed in collaboration with the people they target. The aim of our article is to present the viewpoint of patients, survivors, advocates, and lay persons on interventions to increase cancer screening from a health inequity perspective.MethodsWe prepared talking points to guide discussions between coauthors, who included representatives from nine patient and survivor advocacy groups, organizations working for citizen/patient empowerment, and health equity experts. Perspectives and opinions were first collected through video conferencing meetings and a first draft of the paper was prepared. All authors, read through, revised, and discussed the contents to reach an agreement on the final perspectives to be presented.ResultsSeveral themes were identified: it is important to not view screening as a discrete event; barriers underlying an individual’s access and willingness to undergo screening span across a continuum; individually tailored interventions are likely to be more effective than a one-size fits-all approach because they may better accommodate the person’s personal beliefs, knowledge, behaviors, and preferences; targeting people who are unknown to medical services and largely unreachable is a major challenge; including professional patient advocacy groups and relevant lay persons in the cocreation of interventions at all stages of design, implementation, and evaluation is essential along with relevant stakeholders (healthcare professionals, researchers, local government and community organizations etc).ConclusionsInterventions to address cancer screening inequity currently do not adequately solve the issue, especially from the viewpoint of patients, survivors, and lay persons. Several core pathways should be focused on when designing and implementing interventions: advancing individually tailored interventions; digital tools and social media; peer-based approaches; empowerment; addressing policy and system barriers; better design of interventions; and collaboration, including the involvement of patients and patient advocacy organizations.
Supplementation with sesame oil suppresses genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and enterotoxicity induced by sodium arsenite in rats
Authors: Akinrinde Akinleye Stephen , Oyewole Stephen Oluwasemilore , Ola-Davies Olufunke Eunice 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundSesame oil, an edible essential oil, is known to be rich in unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and lignans with several reported health-promoting benefits. Acute arsenic poisoning produces toxic hepatitis, bone marrow depression and adverse gastrointestinal responses. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of sesame seed oil (SSO) against genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and colonic toxicity induced by sodium arsenite (SA) in Wistar rats.MethodsTwenty-eight male Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated into four groups: control, SA only (2.5 mg/kg), SA + SSO (4 ml/kg) and SSO alone for eight consecutive days. Liver function and morphology, bone marrow micronuclei induction, colonic histopathology, mucus production and immune expression of Bcl-2, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MUC1 and cytokeratins AE1/AE3 were evaluated.ResultsSA provoked increased serum activities of liver enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and caused severely altered morphology of hepatic and colonic tissues with increased frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs/1000PCE) in the bone marrow. In addition, SA triggered increased expression of colonic CEA and MUC1 but weak Bcl-2 immunoexpression. However, cotreatment with SSO demonstrated protective activities against SA-induced damage, as indicated by significantly reduced serum ALT and AST, fewer micronucleated bone marrow erythrocytes and well-preserved hepatic and colonic morphologies compared to the SA-treated rats. Furthermore, SSO protected the colonic mucosa by boosting mucus production, elevating anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression and reducing CEA expression. GC–MS analysis of SSO revealed that it was predominated by linoleic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid, and tocopherols.ConclusionsOur data indicated that SSO protected the liver, colon and bone marrow potentially via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. The data suggest that sesame oil has potential therapeutic applications against chemical toxicities induced by arsenic.
Identification and validation of pyroptosis-related gene landscape in prognosis and immunotherapy of ovarian cancer
Authors: Gao Lingling , Ying Feiquan , Cai Jing , Peng Minggang , Xiao Man , Sun Si , Zeng Ya , Xiong Zhoufang , Cai Liqiong , Gao Rui , Wang Zehua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Emerging evidence has highlighted the biological significance of pyroptosis in tumor tumorigenesis and progression. Nonetheless, the potential roles of pyroptosis in tumor immune microenvironment and target therapy of ovarian cancer (OC) remain unknown.

Methods
In this study, with a series of bioinformatic and machine learning approaches, we comprehensively evaluated genetic alterations and transcriptome profiles of pyroptosis-associated genes (PYAGs) with TCGA-OV datasets. Consensus molecular clustering was performed to determine pyroptosis-associated clusters (PACs) and gene clusters in OC. Subsequently, component analysis algorithm (PCA) was employed to construct Pyrsig score and a highly accurate nomogram was established to evaluate its efficacy. Meanwhile, we systematically performed association analysis for these groups with prognosis, clinical features, TME cell-infiltrating characteristics, drug response and immunotherapeutic efficacy. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to verify molecular expression with clinical samples.

Results
The somatic mutations and copy number variation (CNV) of 51 PYRGs in OC samples were clarified. Two distinct PACs (PAC1/2) and three gene clusters (A/B/C) were identified based on 1332 OC samples, PAC1 and gene cluster A were significantly associated with favorable overall survival (OS), clinicopathological features and TME cell-infiltrating characteristics. Subsequently, Pyrsig score was successfully established to demonstrate the prognostic value and immune characteristics of pyroptosis in OC, low Pyrsig score, characterized by activated immune cell infiltration, indicated prolonged OS, increased sensitivity of some chemotherapeutic drugs and enhanced efficacy of anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy, Consequently, a nomogram was successfully established to improve the clinical applicability and stability of Pyrsig score. With clinical OC samples, GSDMD and GZMB proteins were validated highly expressed in OC and associated with immune infiltration and Pyrsig score, GZMB and CD8 proteins were regarded as independent prognostic factors of OC.

Conclusion
This work revealed pyroptosis played a non-negligible role in prognosis value, clinicopathological characteristics and tumor immune infiltration microenvironment in OC, which provided novel insights into identifying and characterizing landscape of tumor immune microenvironment, thereby guiding more effective prognostic evaluation and tailored immunotherapy strategies of OC.
LH level on ovulation trigger day has a different impact on the outcomes of agonist and antagonist regimens during in vitro fertilization
Authors: Luo Xi , Deng Bo , Li Lei , Ma Rui , Mai Xuancheng , Wu Ze 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To assess the impact of the luteinizing hormone level on ovulation trigger day (LHOTD) on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist and antagonist regimens during fresh embryo transfer cycles.

Methods
A stepwise, progressive multivariate regression model was introduced to assess the effect of the LHOTD on clinical pregnancy and live birth rates. Mantel‒Haenszel stratification analysis was used to examine the association between the LHOTD and clinical outcomes with the antagonist regimen.

Results
The LHOTD had different distributions in the agonist and antagonist regimens. The cycles were assigned into three LHOTD tertile groups. In the agonist regimen, compared with the 1st tertile (T1), in the 2nd (T2) and 3rd (T3) tertiles, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs], P value) were 1.187 (1.047–1.345, 0.007) and 1.420 (1.252–1.610, < 0.001) for clinical pregnancy, respectively, and 1.149 (1.009–1.309, 0.036) and 1.476 (1.296–1.681, < 0.001) for live birth. In the antagonist regimen, there was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy and live birth rates among the tertiles. However, in the stratified group of patients aged less than 35 years, the ORs (95% CIs, P value) of T2 and T3 were 1.316 (1.051–1.648, 0.017) and 1.354 (1.077–1.703, 0.009) for clinical pregnancy, respectively, and 1.275 (1.008–1.611, 0.043) and1.269 (0.999–1.611, 0.051) for live birth. Moreover, there was a discrepancy in the results among the subdivided LHOTD T1 groups adopting the antagonist regimen. Compared with that of the < 1.06 mIU/mL subgroup, the ORs (95% CIs, P value) of the > 1.5 mIU/mL subgroup were 1.693 (1.194–2.400, 0.003) for clinical pregnancy and 1.532 (1.057–2.220, 0.024) for live birth after eliminating potential confounders.

Conclusions
The LHOTD was profoundly suppressed in the agonist regimen, and its level was positively correlated with clinical pregnancy and live birth rates. In contrast, in the flexible antagonist regimen, the LHOTD was significantly higher than that in the agonist regimen and did not correlate with the outcome, except for women in the nonadvanced age group and those with an excessively suppressed LHOTD. Further investigation is required to determine the rationale for these findings.
Invasion of intestinal cells by Staphylococcus warneri, a member of the human gut microbiota
Authors: Louail Robin , Florin Franklin , Bernard Sophie , Michaud Jean-Baptiste , Breton Jonathan , Achamrah Najate , Tavolacci Marie-Pierre , Coëffier Moïse , Ribet David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCoagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) are a heterogeneous group of bacteria that colonize different types of human epithelia. These bacteria have a highly variable pathogenic potential ranging from avirulent species to major nosocomial pathogens. Staphylococcus warneri is a CoNS species considered to be nonpathogenic. Here, we identify that S. warneri is a natural member of both human and mouse gut microbiota. In addition, we demonstrate that this bacterium is able to get internalized into human cells. We show that S. warneri efficiently invades several human cell types and, more specifically, intestinal epithelial cells, using actin-dependent mechanisms. In contrast to bona fide pathogens, S. warneri does not actively replicate within intestinal cells or resist killing by macrophages. Together, our results highlight that bacteria from the human gut microbiota that are not associated with a high pathogenic potential, can actively invade intestinal cells and may, in this way, impact intestinal physiology.
Clinical and financial impacts of abnormal liver biochemistry after liver transplantation
Authors: Lim Dee Zhen , Low Nicholas , Jackett Louise , Ma Ronald , Jones Robert , Testro Adam , Weinberg Laurence , Vijayaragavan Muralidharan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
After liver transplant (LT), many investigations are needed to evaluate abnormal liver function test (LFT), which has poor specificity for graft function and complication. A single center retrospective audit of all adult single organ LT from 1/1/2015 to 31/12/2017 was performed. Demographic, clinical and investigation data from the LT database and electronic medical records and cost data from the hospital’s Business Intelligence Unit were analyzed. Patients were classified into uncomplicated or complicated LFT by 2 independent investigators and the number, type, and cost of investigations in the first 30 post-operative days were analyzed. Investigations prior to liver biopsy was sub-analyzed.

Results
There was 170 LT with 87 cases of uncomplicated LFT (51.2%) and 83 cases of complicated LFT (48.8%). Most patients with complicated LFT had additional investigations (97.6%), most commonly cholangiogram (55.4%) and liver biopsy (LBx) (50.6%). The additional investigations cost was $1863.3 (95% CI 1289.0–2437.6). Although most LBx (73.8%) showed evidence of rejection, LBx was often not the initial investigation of choice. Current LFT based post-transplant monitoring is inefficient. It remains difficult to determine which patient will benefit from an early invasive procedure like LBx, using LFT alone without further imaging investigations.
How does apolipoprotein E genotype influence the relationship between physical activity and Alzheimer’s disease risk? A novel integrative model
Authors: de Frutos Lucas Jaisalmer , Sewell Kelsey R. , García-Colomo Alejandra , Markovic Shaun , Erickson Kirk I. , Brown Belinda M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Wide evidence suggests that physical activity (PA) confers protection against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). On the other hand, the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) ε4 allele represents the greatest genetic risk factor for developing AD. Extensive research has been conducted to determine whether frequent PA can mitigate the increased AD risk associated with APOE ε4. However, thus far, these attempts have produced inconclusive results. In this context, one possible explanation could be that the influence of the combined effect of PA and APOE ε4 carriage might be dependent on the specific outcome measure utilised.
Main body.
In order to bridge these discrepancies, the aim of this theoretical article is to propose a novel model on the interactive effects of PA and APOE ε4 carriage on well-established mechanisms underlying AD. Available literature was searched to investigate how PA and APOE ε4 carriage, independently and in combination, may alter several molecular pathways involved in AD pathogenesis. The reviewed mechanisms include amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau deposition and clearance, neuronal resilience and neurogenesis, lipid function and cerebrovascular alterations, brain immune response and glucose metabolism. Finally, combining all this information, we have built an integrative model, which includes evidence-based and theoretical synergistic interactions across mechanisms. Moreover, we have identified key knowledge gaps in the literature, providing a list of testable hypotheses that future studies need to address.

Conclusions
We conclude that PA influences a wide array of molecular targets involved in AD neuropathology. A deeper understanding of where, when and, most importantly, how PA decreases AD risk even in the presence of the APOE ε4 allele will enable the creation of new protocols using exercise along pharmaceuticals in combined therapeutic approaches.
Heparanase is the possible link between monkeypox and Covid-19: robust candidature in the mystic and present perspective
Authors: Al-Kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Hetta ‏Helal F. , Alexiou Athanasios , Papadakis Marios , Batiha Gaber El-Saber 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHeparanase (HPSE) is an endoglycosidase cleaves heparan sulfate (HS) and this contributes to the degradation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. HS cleaved by HPSE induces activation of autophagy and formation of autophagosommes which facilitate binding of HPSE to the HS and subsequent release of growth factors. The interaction between HPSE and HS triggers releases of chemokines and cytokines which affect inflammatory response and cell signaling pathways with development of hyperinflammation, cytokine storm (CS) and coagulopathy. HPSE expression is induced by both SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox virus (MPXV) leading to induction release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, endothelial dysfunction and thrombotic events. Co-infection of MPX with SARS-CoV-2 may occur as we facing many outbreaks of MPX cases during Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, targeting of HPSE by specific inhibitors may reduce the risk of complications in both SARS-CoV-2 and MPXV infections. Taken together, HPSE could be a potential link between MPX with SARS-CoV-2 in Covid-19 era.
Current advances in noninvasive methods for the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a review
Authors: Wang Shan , Yang Mao , Li Ruiying , Bai Jie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), one of the most common types of cancers worldwide, is diagnosed mainly through tissue biopsy. However, owing to the tumor heterogeneity and other drawbacks, such as the invasiveness of the biopsy procedure and high cost and limited usefulness of longitudinal surveillance, there has been a focus on adopting more rapid, economical, and noninvasive screening methods. Examples of these include liquid biopsy, optical detection systems, oral brush cytology, microfluidic detection, and artificial intelligence auxiliary diagnosis, which have their own strengths and weaknesses. Extensive research is being performed on various liquid biopsy biomarkers, including novel microbiome components, noncoding RNAs, extracellular vesicles, and circulating tumor DNA. The majority of these elements have demonstrated encouraging clinical outcomes in early OSCC detection. This review summarizes the screening methods for OSCC with a focus on providing new guiding strategies for the diagnosis of the disease.
Comparison of the effect of oral and vaginal misoprostol on labor induction: updating a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies
Authors: Rahimi Maryam , Haghighi Ladan , Baradaran Hamid Reza , Azami Mobin , Larijani Samaneh Saghafian , Kazemzadeh Paniz , Moradi Yousef 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study is aimed to compare the effect of oral misoprostol with vaginal misoprostol to induce labor as a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods
Electronic databases including PubMed [Medline], Scopus, Web of science, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched using the relevant keywords. All RCTs comparing the effect of oral vs vaginal misoprostol on labor induction were considered. The Cochrane Risk of Bias checklist was used for assessing quality of included RCTs. All statistical analyses were completed using STATA (Version 16) and Revman (Version 5).

Results
Thirty-three RCTs with 5162 patients (1560 in oral and 2602 in vaginal groups) were included in this meta-analysis. Labor induction length did differ significantly between the two routes of misoprostol administration [Standardized Mean Difference: 0.40 h, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34, 0.46; I2: 66.35%; P = 0.04]. In addition, the risk of neonatal death, tachysystole, uterine hyperstimulation, preeclampsia, non-FHR and abortion was lower in the oral misoprostol group and the risk of hypertonus, PROM, oxytocin need and cesarean fever was higher in this group than the vaginal misoprostol group.

Conclusions
Based on results of this meta-analysis, it can be inferred that currently, clinical specialists can decide to use this drug orally or vaginally on a case-by-case basis, depending on the condition of the pregnant mother and the baby.
Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs)-based cell therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) therapy
Authors: Saadh Mohamed J. , Mikhailova Maria V. , Rasoolzadegan Soheil , Falaki Mojgan , Akhavanfar Roozbeh , Gonzáles José Luis Arias , Rigi Amir , Kiasari Bahman Abedi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecently, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) therapy has become an emerging therapeutic modality for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), given their immunoregulatory and pro-survival attributes. MSCs alleviate dysregulated inflammatory responses through the secretion of a myriad of anti-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin 10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6), etc. Indeed, MSC treatment of IBD is largely carried out through local microcirculation construction, colonization and repair, and immunomodulation, thus alleviating diseases severity. The clinical therapeutic efficacy relies on to the marked secretion of various secretory molecules from viable MSCs via paracrine mechanisms that are required for gut immuno-microbiota regulation and the proliferation and differentiation of surrounding cells like intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and intestinal stem cells (ISCs). For example, MSCs can induce IECs proliferation and upregulate the expression of tight junction (TJs)-associated protein, ensuring intestinal barrier integrity. Concerning the encouraging results derived from animal studies, various clinical trials are conducted or ongoing to address the safety and efficacy of MSCs administration in IBD patients. Although the safety and short-term efficacy of MSCs administration have been evinced, the long-term efficacy of MSCs transplantation has not yet been verified. Herein, we have emphasized the illumination of the therapeutic capacity of MSCs therapy, including naïve MSCs, preconditioned MSCs, and also MSCs-derived exosomes, to alleviate IBD severity in experimental models. Also, a brief overview of published clinical trials in IBD patients has been delivered.
How temperatures derived from fluid flow and heat transport models impact predictions of deep geothermal potentials: the “heat in place” method applied to Hesse (Germany)
Authors: Koltzer Nora , Bott Judith , Bär Kristian , Scheck-Wenderoth Magdalena 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOne key aspect in the energy transition is to use the deep geothermal energy stored in sedimentary basins as well as in igneous and metamorphic basement rocks. To estimate the variability of deep geothermal potentials across different geological domains as encountered in the Federal State of Hesse (Germany), it is necessary to understand the driving processes of fluid flow and heat transport affecting subsurface temperature variations. In this study, we quantify the stored energy in a set of geological units in the subsurface of Hesse with the method of “heat in place” (HIP, sensu Muffler and Cataldi in Geothermics 7:53–89, 1978)—HIP is one proxy for the geothermal potential of these units controlled by their temperature configuration as derived from a series of coupled 3D thermo-hydraulic numerical models. We show how conductive, advective and convective heat transport mechanisms influence the thermal field and thereby the HIP calculations. The heterogeneous geology of the subsurface of Hesse ranges from locally outcropping Paleozoic basement rocks to up to 3.8 km thick Cenozoic, porous sedimentary deposits in the tectonically active northern Upper Rhine Graben. The HIP was quantified for five sedimentary layers (Cenozoic, Muschelkalk, Buntsandstein, Zechstein, Rotliegend) as well as for the underlying basement. We present a set of maps allowing to identify geothermally prospective subregions of Hesse based on the laterally varying thermal energy stored within the units. HIP is predicted to be highest in the area of the northern Upper Rhine Graben in the Cenozoic unit with up to 700 GJ $$\text {m}^{-2}$$

m

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2

and in the Rotliegend with up to 617 GJ $$\text {m}^{-2}$$

m

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2

. The calculations account for the variable thicknesses and temperatures of the layers, density and heat capacity of the solid and fluid parts of the rocks as well as porosity.