bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potency levels of regulated cannabis products in Michigan 2021–2022
Authors: Glinn Michele A. , Michaud Gregoire P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEvaluation of cannabinoid concentrations in products from the legal cannabis market has been fraught with uncertainty. The lack of standardized testing methodology and the susceptibility of cannabinoids to degradation under certain storage conditions complicates the efforts to assess total tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) levels across wide geographic areas. There are few peer‐reviewed surveys of cannabinoid concentrations in regulated products. Those that have been done have not characterized the effects of differences in analytical methodology, sample population, and storage conditions. Viridis Laboratories, which operates two cannabis safety compliance facilities in Michigan, has analyzed over 34,000 cannabis products throughout 2021 and 2022 before the sale in the regulated market. Fifteen cannabinoids in cannabis flower, concentrates, and infused products were tested using methanolic extraction and analysis by high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode‐array detection. Methods were validated before use, and the flower analysis procedure was certified by the Association of Analytical Collaboration. All the samples were tested before submission for sale and therefore had not undergone prolonged storage. The results are compared with those seen in other states as well as in the illicit market. Total THC levels in cannabis flower from the regulated market are significantly higher than those seen in illicit products. The distribution of cannabinoid levels is similar in flowers intended for either the medicinal or adult‐use markets, with an average potency of 18%–23% of total THC. Total THC in concentrates averages up to 82%. Other cannabinoids are observed at significant levels, mostly in products specifically formulated to contain them. These results may act as a benchmark for potency levels in the regulated market.
A Palaeo‐Arabic inscription from the Ḥismā Desert (Tabūk region)
Authors: Alhatlani Abdullah Saad , Al‐Otibi Ajab Mohammad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe current study discusses a Palaeo‐Arabic inscription found in the Ḥismā desert and engraved by a man named ʿAbd Šams, son of al‐Muġīrah, who likely belonged to the Qurayš tribe. This inscription is particularly important as it is an addition to the Palaeo‐Arabic corpus, as well as the first one in which an attested Palaeo‐Arabic opening invocation with the deity's nameAllāhummais mentioned. It is also the second Palaeo‐Arabic inscription that refers to the Lord by the Arabic termRabband the first inscription in which the personal name ʿAbd Šams is written in Arabic script. The inscription was documented by its finder, Muhammed Abdul Nayeem, and it was recently redocumented by the Saudi citizen Saleh al‐Hwaiti. This essay discusses the text in terms of meaning, authorship and religious implications.
New bottle or new label? Distinguishing impact investing from responsible and ethical investing
Authors: Dordi Truzaar , Stephens Phoebe , Geobey Sean , Weber Olaf 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA common topic of debate in academic scholarship on impact, ethical, and responsible investing is definitional clarity around the motivations and applications of each form of investment strategy. We ask, how does the subfield of impact investing differentiate itself from more established ethical and responsible investing – and do these differences necessitate yet another field of study? Adopting a combination of bibliometric and content analyses, we identify four distinct features of impact investing – positive impact targeting, novelty of governance structures, long time horizons, and the importance of philanthropy.
Sleep disturbance mediates the link between both self‐compassion and self‐criticism and psychological distress during prolonged periods of stress
Authors: Norton David W. , Modesto Oscar , Bennett Joanne M. , Fraser Madeleine I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPoor sleep and subsequent decline in mental health often occur during times of prolonged stress, such as a pandemic. Self‐compassion is linked with improved sleep and better mental health, while self‐criticism is linked with poorer sleep and psychological distress. Given there is little evidence of the interrelationships of these constructs, we examined whether higher self‐compassion or lower levels of self‐criticism can reduce psychological distress directly and indirectly via sleep during times of prolonged stress. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse two samples (N = 722, Study 1, and N = 622, Replication Study) of university students during different stages of the pandemic. An aggregate psychological distress construct was calculated using depression, anxiety and stress measures. We created models that showed insomnia symptoms mediated the relationship between self‐compassion/self‐criticism and psychological distress. Sleep partially mediated both relationships, and this was the strongest effect in both samples. This suggests that improving self‐compassion and reducing self‐criticism will improve sleep, leading to reduced psychological distress. As our findings are robust and held at two time points, future research should investigate broader demographics and differing stress responses.
Towards a general modeling framework of resource competition in cognitive development
Authors: de Ron Jill , Deserno Marie , Robinaugh Donald , Borsboom Denny , van der Maas Han L. J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe current paper presents an integrated formal model of typical and atypical development based on the mechanisms of mutualism and resource competition. The mutualistic network model is extended with the dynamics of competition for limited resources, such as time and environmental factors. The proposed model generates patterns that resemble established phenomena in cognitive development: the positive manifold, developmental phases, developmental delays and lack of early indicators in atypical development, developmental regression, and “quasi‐autism” caused by extreme environmental deprivation. The presented modeling framework fits a general movement towards formal theory construction in psychology. The model is easy to replicate and develop further, and we offer several avenues for future work.
Charting the longitudinal trajectories and interplay of critical consciousness among youth activists
Authors: Pinedo Andres , Frisby Michael , Kubi Gabrielle , Vezaldenos Victoria , Diemer Matthew A. , McAlister Sara , Harris Elise 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCritical consciousness (CC) is associated with beneficial developmental outcomes among youth contending with oppression, yet we know little about how CC develops and how the three dimensions of CC (i.e., critical action, critical motivation, and critical reflection) interrelate over time. Therefore, this study employed second‐order latent growth modeling to illuminate the longitudinal interplay between the three dimensions of CC among 518 youth activists (Mage = 16; girls = 53%; 11% Asian, 20% Black, 39% Latinx, 8% Multiracial, and 6% White). Youth demonstrated significant growth in critical reflection and action over time, but not in critical motivation. Participation in community‐based activism was positively associated with CC development. Altogether, these findings illuminate channels for fostering youth CC and increase our understanding of CC's dynamic development.
An ethnographic study of a community dentistry network serving Latine migrant farmworkers in Vermont: Barriers and access to care during the COVID‐19 pandemic and beyond
Authors: Bright Kristin L. , Lichtman Kayla 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPrimary dental healthcare services are not accessible for a majority of Latino/a/e migrant farmworkers in the United States. Unmet dental health needs are well documented in larger states like California, Florida and New York, but the dental healthcare picture in smaller states is not well understood. The goal of this qualitative ethnographic study was to understand the delivery model of a free dentistry network serving Latine farmworkers in rural Vermont and specific barriers experienced at the network during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsSemi‐structured ethnographic interviews were carried out with clinicians and transcripts were analysed using the constant comparison method to identify salient concerns and recommendations about barriers and delivery of care.ResultsClinicians highlighted structural issues including farmworkers' lack of time off work and absence of transportation to attend appointments, concerns about COVID‐19 safety, concerns about immigration surveillance and language barriers. Providers outlined steps for improved service delivery including mobile care at local farms, enhanced intercultural training for providers, recognizing dentistry as essential healthcare at the state level and the leverage of existing appointments for preventive health. Drawing on anthropological frameworks of place‐based care and deservingness of healthcare, our ethnographic findings emphasize the role of community dentistry in bridging gaps in migrant healthcare during and beyond the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Presenilin‐2 knock‐In mice show severe depressive behavior via DVL3 downregulation
Authors: Yoo Seung Sik , Lee Dong Won , Ham Hyeon Joo , Yeo In Jun , Chang Ju Young , Yun Jaesuk , Son Dong Ju , Han Sang‐Bae , Hong Jin Tae 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Depression is one of the most critical psychiatric complications of AD, and 20%–30% of patients with AD experience symptoms of depression. Phospho‐glycogen synthase kinase‐3 beta (GSK3β) is known to be associated with AD and depression. Furthermore, the role of disheveled (DVL) is known to regulate GSK3β. Moreover, presenilin‐2 (PS2) and DVL have cross‐talk with each other. Also, it is widely hypothesized that stress leads to hypersecretion of cortisol and is thus associated with depression. Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor‐1 (DKK‐1) is a crucial factor regulating depression and both amyloid beta (Aβ) and phosphorylation of tau are widely known as a biomarker of AD.MethodsTo investigate the relationship between AD and depression, and possible pathways connecting the two diseases, we examined memory function and depression‐related behavior test results in PS2 knock‐in AD mice (PS2 MT). Next, we confirmed that there are relationships between DVL, depression, and cognitive disease through the comparative toxicogenomics database (https://ctdbase.org) and STRING (https://string‐db.org) database.ResultsPS2 knock‐in mice showed much more severe memory impairment and depression than PS2 wild‐type mice (PS2 WT). In AD‐related behavioral experiments, PS2 MT mice showed more memory dysfunction compared with PS2 WT group mice. Moreover, Aβ and phosphorylation of tau showed higher expression in PS2 MT mice than in PS2 WT mice. Depression‐related behavioral tests showed that PS2 MT mice exhibited more depressive behaviors than PS2 WT mice. Furthermore, both higher cortisol levels and higher expression of DKK‐1 were found in PS2 MT mice relative to PS2 WT mice. The results indicated that there is a relationship between DVL and the release of AD‐related mediators and expression of the depression‐related glucocorticoid receptor and DKK‐1. In the PS2 knock‐in group, DVL was significantly decreased compared with the PS2 WT group.ConclusionDepression increases the risk of developing AD and other forms of dementia. Recent evidence indicates that depression symptoms could trigger changes in memory and thinking over time. However, it is recognized that there are no drugs to facilitate a full recovery for both AD and depression. However, our results suggest that AD and depression could be associated, and DVL could be a significant target for the association between AD and depression.
An online educational and supportive care application for rectal cancer survivors with low anterior resection syndrome: A mixed methods pilot study
Authors: Olivia Monton , Allister Smith , Jeongyoon Moon , Marie Demian , Richard Garfinkle , Carol‐Ann Vasilevsky , Fateme Rajabiyazdi , Marylise Boutros 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimRestorative proctectomy is commonly associated with significant bowel dysfunction, known as low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), which has a negative impact on patients' quality of life. We developed an online patient‐centred application on LARS (eLARS) for rectal cancer survivors. The primary objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of eLARS for rectal cancer survivors with LARS following restorative proctectomy. The secondary objective was to explore participants' experiences with LARS and the eLARS application.MethodsThis was a mixed methods study, which included a feasibility and qualitative analysis. Participants were rectal cancer survivors who underwent restorative proctectomy for rectal cancer within 3 years, completed all adjuvant treatment, and suffered from bowel dysfunction postoperatively. Participants were given access to the application over a 2‐month study period. Feasibility was defined as 75% of study participants using the application ≥4 times per month. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with participants after the study period and were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsOur sample included eight rectal cancer survivors, five women and three men. The median age was 58.5 years (56.5–64.5). Most participants (75%) were >1‐year post‐restorative proctectomy. 75% of study participants used the application ≥4 times per month for 2 months. Our thematic analysis revealed that participants felt that they lacked access to credible information and emotional support around the time of ileostomy closure, and found that eLARS addressed these challenges.ConclusioneLARS is a feasible educational and supportive care intervention for patients with LARS and has the potential to improve patients' quality of life.
Phenotype–genotype relationships in Xenopus sox9 crispants provide insights into campomelic dysplasia and vertebrate jaw evolution
Authors: Hossain Nusrat , Igawa Takeshi , Suzuki Makoto , Tazawa Ichiro , Nakao Yuta , Hayashi Toshinori , Suzuki Nanoka , Ogino Hajime 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSince CRISPR‐based genome editing technology works effectively in the diploid frog Xenopus tropicalis, a growing number of studies have successfully modeled human genetic diseases in this species. However, most of their targets were limited to non‐syndromic diseases that exhibit abnormalities in a small fraction of tissues or organs in the body. This is likely because of the complexity of interpreting the phenotypic variations resulting from somatic mosaic mutations generated in the founder animals (crispants). In this study, we attempted to model the syndromic disease campomelic dysplasia (CD) by generating sox9 crispants in X. tropicalis. The resulting crispants failed to form neural crest cells at neurula stages and exhibited various combinations of jaw, gill, ear, heart, and gut defects at tadpole stages, recapitulating part of the syndromic phenotype of CD patients. Genotyping of the crispants with a variety of allelic series of mutations suggested that the heart and gut defects depend primarily on frame‐shift mutations expected to be null, whereas the jaw, gill, and ear defects could be induced not only by such mutations but also by in‐frame deletion mutations expected to delete part of the jawed vertebrate‐specific domain from the encoded Sox9 protein. These results demonstrate that Xenopus crispants are useful for investigating the phenotype–genotype relationships behind syndromic diseases and examining the tissue‐specific role of each functional domain within a single protein, providing novel insights into vertebrate jaw evolution.
Long‐term outcomes of paediatric Guillain–Barré syndrome
Authors: Estublier Bastien , Colineaux Hélène , Arnaud Catherine , Cintas Pascal , Baudou Eloise , Chaix Yves , Rivier François , Biotteau Maelle , Meyer Pierre , Cheuret Emmanuel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo study long‐term sequelae in children with Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS).MethodThis was a prospective observational study with children from two French tertiary centres. Data were from clinical and several standardized scales or questionnaires.ResultsFifty‐one patients were included with a median follow‐up of 6 years 4 months (range 3–20 years) after the acute phase. The sequelae rate was 67% (95% confidence interval [CI] 53–78) and did not vary with time. Most children had minor sequelae (Guillain–Barré Syndrome Disability Score [GBSDS] = 1); only one was unable to run (GBSDS = 2). The most frequent complaints were paraesthesia (43%), pain (35%), and fatigue (31%). The neurological examination was abnormal in 18% of children, autonomy was compromised in 14%, and symptoms of depression occurred in 34%. The factors associated with late‐onset sequelae were correlated with severity during the initial phase (i.e. initial GBSDS >4, odds ratio 6.6, 95% CI 1.8–33; p = 0.009). The predictive factors of more severe late‐onset conditions were initial severity (p = 0.002) and sex (female patients; p = 0.01).InterpretationTwo‐thirds of children with GBS had late‐onset sequelae following an episode, often minor, but sometimes with continuing effects on their everyday lives. Particularly affected were those who had severe GBS during the acute phase and who lost the ability to walk.What this paper adds

Two‐thirds of children with Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) had persistent sequelae.
Sequelae were often minor, but daily repercussions of them were sometimes serious.
Sequelae were significantly associated with severe GBS during the acute phase.
Despite warnings, co‐medication with proton pump inhibitors and dasatinib is common in chronic myeloid leukemia, but XS004, a novel oral dasatinib formulation, provides reduced pH‐dependence, minimizing undesirable drug–drug interactions
Authors: Larfors Gunnar , Andersson Per , Jesson Gérald , Liljebris Charlotta , Brisander Magnus , Lennernäs Hans , Stenke Leif 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDasatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have revolutionized the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, as a lipophilic weak base, crystalline monohydrate, dasatinib (Sprycel®) is poorly soluble, rendering a pH‐dependent absorption and a highly variable bioavailability. Thus, co‐medication with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) profoundly impairs dasatinib uptake and is clearly recommended against.XS004 is a novel oral immediate release and amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) formulation of dasatinib and is bioequivalent to the original crystalline dasatinib at 30% lower dosages. XS004 is designed to mitigate gastric pH dependency, thus optimizing absorption and bioavailability.MethodsWe investigated the prevalence of dasatinib and PPI co‐medication among chronic‐phase CML patients in a real‐world setting and assessed the plasma pharmacokinetics (PK) of XS004 with and without PPI co‐medication (omeprazole) in healthy volunteers.ResultsUsing the Swedish CML and Prescribed Drug Registers, we identified 676 TKI‐treated CML patients; 320 (47%) had been prescribed PPI at some point after CML diagnosis. Among dasatinib‐treated patients, the 2‐year cumulative PPI co‐medication was 24%. Interestingly, the 5‐year overall survival was significantly lower for TKI‐treated CML patients with versus without PPI co‐medication (79% vs. 94%; hazard ratio 3.5; 95% confidence interval, 2.1–5.3; p < .0001).When assessing PK of XS004, neither Cmax nor area under the plasma concentration curve levels in plasma were significantly altered by the PPI co‐medication.ConclusionIn conclusion, despite warnings, PPI co‐medication is common among dasatinib‐treated CML patients in a real‐world setting. The new XS004 ASD formulation of dasatinib provided, in contrast to original crystalline dasatinib, superior pH independence with stable bioavailability, thereby minimizing drug–drug interactions. This may improve the long‐term efficacy and tolerability of dasatinib in CML.
Idelalisib (PI3Kδ inhibitor) therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A Swedish nation‐wide real‐world report on consecutively identified patients
Authors: Mattsson Agnes , Sylvan Sandra Eketorp , Axelsson Per , Ellin Fredrik , Kjellander Christian , Larsson Karin , Lauri Birgitta , Lewerin Catharina , Scharenberg Christian , Tätting Love , Johansson Hemming , Österborg Anders , Hansson Lotta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe examined the efficacy and toxicity of the PI3Kδ inhibitor idelalisib in combination with rituximab salvage therapy in consecutively identified Swedish patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).Methods and ResultsThirty‐seven patients with relapsed/refractory disease were included. The median number of prior lines of therapy was 3 (range 1–11); the median age was 69 years (range 50–89); 22% had Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) >6 and 51% had del(17p)/TP53 mutation. The overall response rate was 65% (all but one was partial response [PR]). The median duration of therapy was 9.8 months (range 0.9–44.8). The median progression‐free survival was 16.4 months (95% CI: 10.4–26.3) and median overall survival had not been reached (75% remained alive at 24 months of follow‐up). The most common reason for cessation of therapy was colitis (n = 8, of which seven patients experienced grade ≥3 colitis). The most common serious adverse event was grade ≥3 infection, which occurred in 24 patients (65%).ConclusionsOur real‐world results suggest that idelalisib is an effective and relatively safe treatment for patients with advanced‐stage CLL when no other therapies exist. Alternative dosing regimens and new PI3K inhibitors should be explored, particularly in patients who are double‐refractory to inhibitors of BTK and Bcl‐2.
White matter hyperintensities in cognitive impairment with Lewy body disease: a multicentre study
Authors: Gan Jinghuan , Shi Zhihong , Liu Shuai , Li Xudong , Liu Yiming , Zhu Hongcan , Shen Lu , Zhang Guili , Lu Hao , Gang Baozhi , Chen Zhichao , Ji Yong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeWhite matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are associated with cognitive deficits and worse clinical outcomes in dementia, but rare studies have been carried out of cognitive impairment in Lewy body disease (CI‐LB) patients. The objective was to investigate the associations between WMHs and clinical manifestations in patients with CI‐LB.MethodsIn this retrospective multicentre cohort study, 929 patients (486 with dementia with Lewy bodies [DLB], 262 with Parkinson's disease dementia [PDD], 74 with mild cognitive impairment [MCI] with Lewy bodies [MCI‐LB] and 107 with Parkinson's disease with MCI [PD‐MCI]) were analysed from 22 memory clinics between January 2018 and June 2022. Demographic and clinical data were collected by reviewing medical records. WMHs were semi‐quantified according to the Fazekas method. Associations between WMHs and clinical manifestations were investigated by multivariate linear or logistic regression models.ResultsDementia with Lewy bodies patients had the highest Fazekas scores compared with PDD, MCI‐LB and PD‐MCI. Multivariable regressions showed the Fazekas score was positively associated with the scores of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (p = 0.001), Hoehn−Yahn stage (p = 0.004) and total Neuropsychiatric Inventory (p = 0.001) in MCI‐LB and PD‐MCI patients. In patients with DLB and PDD, Fazekas scores were associated with the absence of rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (p = 0.041) and scores of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (p < 0.001), Hoehn−Yahn stage (p < 0.001) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (p = 0.014).ConclusionWhite matter hyperintensity burden of DLB was higher than for PDD, MCI‐LB and PD‐MCI. The greater WMH burden was significantly associated with poorer cognitive performance, worse motor function and more severe neuropsychiatric symptoms in CI‐LB.