bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-sensitivity Observations of the H2O Megamasers of NGC 1068: Precise Astrometry and Detailed Kinematics
Authors: Gallimore Jack F. , Impellizzeri C. M. Violette 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We present High Sensitivity Array observations of the H2O megamasers of NGC 1068. We obtain absolute astrometry with 0.3 mas precision that confirms the association of the disk masers with the nuclear radio continuum source S1. The new observations reveal two new blueshifted groups of disk masers. We also detect the 22 GHz continuum on short interferometric baselines. The position–velocity diagram of the disk masers shows a curve consistent with a nonaxisymmetric distribution of maser spots. This curve is probably the result of spiral arms with a constant pitch angle ∼5°. The disk kinematics are consistent with Keplerian rotation and low turbulent speeds. The inferred central mass is 17 × 106
M
☉. On the basis of disk stability arguments, the mass of the molecular disk is ≈110 × 103
M
☉. The disk masers further resolve into filamentary structures suggesting an ordered magnetic field threading the maser disk. The magnetic field strengths must be ≳2 mG to withstand turbulent motions in the partially ionized molecular gas. We note apparent asymmetries in the molecular disk that might be explained by anisotropic heating by a misaligned inner accretion disk. The new observations also detect the fainter jet masers north of the disk masers. The distribution and kinematics of the jet masers are consistent with an expanding ring of molecular gas.
A High-resolution Spectroscopic Analysis of Aminoacrylonitrile and an Interstellar Search toward G+0.693
Authors: Alberton D. , Lattanzi V. , Endres C. , Rivilla V. M. , Guillemin J. C. , Caselli P. , Jiménez-Serra I. , Martín-Pintado J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cyanides, ranging from three carbon atoms to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and alkenyl compounds are abundant in the interstellar medium. Aminoacrylonitrile (3-Amino-2-propenenitrile, H2N–CH=CH–C≡N), an alkenyl cyanide, thus represents a promising candidate for new interstellar detection. A comprehensive spectroscopic laboratory investigation of aminoacrylonitrile in its rotational ground vibrational state has been herein performed. The measurements carried out up to the THz regime made it possible to generate a precise set of reliable rest frequencies for its search in space up to submillimeter wavelengths. The Z-aminoacrylonitrile (Z-apn) isomer spectrum has been recorded employing a source-modulated submillimeter spectrometer, from 80 GHz to 1 THz. A combination of Doppler and sub-Doppler measurement regimes allowed one to record 600 new lines. The collected data have enabled the characterization of a set of spectroscopic parameters up to decic centrifugal distortion constants. The catalog generated from the improved spectral data has been used for the search of Z-apn in the spectral survey of the G+0.693-0.027 molecular cloud located in the central molecular zone, in the proximity of the Galactic center.
New Imaging Technology for Simultaneous Multiwavelength-UWF Fundus Fluorescein Angiography and Indocyanine Green Angiography With Navigated Central and Peripheral SS-OCT
Authors: Bravo Francisco Javier Valentin , Ayliffe William , Stanga Sebastian Francis Eduardo , Reinstein Ursula Inge , Moxham Rob , Tariq Zeb , Downes Susan M. , Stanga Paulo Eduardo 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
Our aim was to assess central and peripheral retinal and choroidal diseases using novel simultaneous multiwavelength-ultra-widefield (MW-UWF) fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA)/indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) with navigated central and peripheral swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) technology.

Methods:
Retrospective evaluation was carried out of 30 consecutive patients (60 eyes) who underwent UWF red/green (RG), infrared (IR), FFA and ICGA with simultaneous navigated SS-OCT using Optos Silverstone (Optos PLC). Angiographic retinal and choroidal findings in vascular pathologies and their relationship with the vitreoretinal interface (VRI) were assessed.

Results:
Simultaneous FFA with navigated SSOCT was performed in all patients and simultaneous FFA-ICGA with SS-OCT in 18 eyes (30%). Cross-sectional central and peripheral changes in the retina, choroid, and VRI corresponding with angiographic findings in several diseases were imaged.

Conclusion:
First-in-human study of a new technology providing UWF RG/FFA/ICGA with simultaneous navigated central and peripheral SS-OCT can guide clinical management and provide new insights and understanding of central and peripheral retinal and choroidal disease.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2023;54:401–410.]
„Fiber der Gegenwart“. Walter Benjamins Frankreich
Authors: Cumming Sofia 
Published: July 2023

Cet article étudie le rapport de Walter Benjamin à la langue, à la littérature et à la culture françaises, en se demandant dans quelle mesure ce rapport a marqué sa carrière de critique et de traducteur. Il s’agit de mettre en évidence ce que Benjamin qualifie de « fil du présent », une notion qu’il inscrit au cœur du paysage littéraire et intellectuel français, et de montrer comment cette idée a contribué à définir son rôle de médiateur entre l’Allemagne et la France dans les années 1920 et 1930. Cet intérêt de Benjamin pour les évolutions contemporaines de l’intelligentsia française lui a permis de développer une critique de l’écrivain européen « engagé » de l’entre-deux-guerres.
Work-Family Conflict and Family Role Performance Among Collegiate Athletic Trainers
Authors: Singe Stephanie M. , Rodriguez Melanie , Cairns Alexandrya , Eason Christianne M. , Rynkiewicz Kelsey 
Published: July 2023

Context
Work-life balance continues to be a focal point of athletic training research, particularly due to the job challenges and demands of health care providers. Despite a large body of literature, much is still unexplored, especially in the area of family role performance (FRP).

Objective
To examine the relationships between work-family conflict (WFC), FRP, and various demographic variables among athletic trainers employed in the collegiate setting.

Design
Cross-sectional online survey.

Setting
Collegiate setting.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 586 collegiate athletic trainers (females = 374, males = 210, sex variant or nonconforming = 1, preferred not to answer = 1).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Data were collected through an online survey (Qualtrics) in which participants responded to demographic questions and previously validated WFC and FRP scales. Demographic data were reported and analyzed for descriptive information and frequencies. Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to identify differences among groups.

Results
Participants’ mean scores were 28.19 ± 6.01 and 45.86 ± 11.55 for the FRP and WFC scales, respectively. Mann-Whitney U tests revealed differences between men and women for WFC scores (U = 344 667, P = .021). The FRP score was moderately negatively correlated with the WFC total score (rs[584] = −0.497, P &lt; .001) and predicted the WFC score (b = 72.02, t582 = −13.30, P = .001). The Mann-Whitney U test demonstrated that married athletic trainers (47.20 ± 11.92) had higher WFC scores than those who were not married (43.48 ± 11.78; U = 19847.00, P = .003). Mann-Whitney U analysis (U = 32 096.00, P = .001) also revealed a difference between collegiate athletic trainers with children (48.16 ± 12.44) and those without children (44.68 ± 10.90).

Conclusions
Collegiate athletic trainers experienced more WFC with marriage and having children. We propose that the time required to raise a family and build relationships may cause WFC due to time incongruencies. Athletic trainers want to be able to spend time with their families; however, when such time is highly limited, then WFC increases.
Impact of Sepsis in Patients Admitted with COVID-19 Infection in a Tertiary Care Center in Delhi. A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nath Smita , Sharma Hemant , Chilumula Shankar , Rajkumar Panjala , Dutta Sukanya , Jain Shally 
Published: July 2023

Background:
COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as one of the worst humanitarian crises in human history. Viral sepsis is implicated as a major source of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 infection. The study provides an insight into impact of COVID-19 associated sepsis on the patient's clinical course and mortality.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted on 112 participants admitted with symptomatic COVID-19 infection in a COVID-19 designated center in New Delhi, India between July and October 2020.

Result:
41.1% (n=46) of the participants had critical disease which includes sepsis. Out of 46 Critical patients 19 (41.3%) had sepsis, 21(45.7%) had septic shock and 6 (18.8%) had Sepsis with ARDS. Sepsis and septic shock at time of presentation was associated with higher mortality.

Conclusion:
Severe and critical illness was marked by advance age, comorbidities like Diabetes mellitus, high total leucocyte count and deranged renal and hepatic function in the study. Thus COVID-19 induced sepsis is an important determinant of disease severity precipitating multiorgan dysfunction and adverse outcome in patients.
Predictors of Burden Perceived by Informal Caregivers of Patients Registered in the Home Health-Care Unit
Authors: Alhawsawi Ebtisam M. F. , Hariri Ghufran A. , Alfakeh Sulhi A. , Alkhatieb Maram T. 
Published: July 2023

Context:
Studies have reported multiple variables that can affect the level of burden on informal caregivers. The need for informal caregivers is expected to increase in the upcoming years. Informal caregivers are an important extension of the formal health-care system.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to discover the characteristics of informal caregivers of adult patients, to determine the socioeconomic, psychological, and physical consequences facing informal caregivers, and to measure caregivers' burdens and needs.

Settings and Design:
An analytical cross-sectional study that was carried out in Saudi Arabia, in the home health-care unit of King Abdelaziz University Hospital in the city of Jeddah.

Subjects and Methods:
A validated self-administered questionnaire in Arabic and English was used. The required sample size was 122 participants. Ethical approval was obtained.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Descriptive statistics consisted of means, standard deviations, frequency tables, cross-tabulation, and charts. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test to determine significant relationships between variables.

Results:
A total of 124 participants responded to a request to participate in the study. The majority of the caregivers (92) were family members. There was a significant relationship between the nature of the connection between the caregiver and the recipient in association with the burden scale (P = 0.001). No significant relationship was found between caregivers' gender, marital status, or income level and the burden score.

Conclusions:
Most of the caregivers reported no burden to minimal burden. The relationship with the care recipient has a negative impact on the burden scale.
Effect of Carbetocin on Uterine Tone during Cesarean Section
Authors: Fyneface-Ogan Sotonye , Fiebai Preye O. , Orazulike Ngozi Clare 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Postpartum hemorrhage remains a challenge in obstetric practice in developing climes and contributes immensely to the horrendous figures of maternal mortality worldwide.

Aim:
The aim was to compare the effect of intravenous (IV) carbetocin on uterine tone under different anesthetic techniques for elective cesarean section.

Methods:
Four hundred and seventy-eight consecutive women scheduled for elective cesarean section were recruited into two groups by convenience. While 445 parturients received subarachnoid block (SAB), 33 had general anesthesia (GA). At delivery, IV carbetocin was administered. The uterine tone was assessed manually and blood loss from intraoperative period to the 24th h was determined. Other variables such as hemodynamic profiles and Apgar scores were determined and recorded.

Results:
The bio-characteristics between the two groups were essentially the same in terms of age, weight, height, body mass index, preoperative hemoglobin, and gestational age. While the response to the administered carbetocin was slower in the GA group, there was no need for additional dose. The mean estimated intraoperative blood loss under SAB was 250.44 ± 50.59 ml and that under GA was 470.89 ± 35.70 ml, P = 0.000000. The ephedrine consumption was 6.25 ± 2.05 mg in the SAB group while it was 11.25 ± 2.49 mg, P = 0.000000. There was no further maternal blood loss observed after the intraoperative period until the end of 24-h period. The hemodynamic profiles were significantly different in terms of mean systolic blood pressure, mean diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure, P = 0.006, P = 0.002, and P = 0.003, respectively. However, the difference in the mean heart rate was not statistically significant, P = 0.304. While the Apgar scores between groups were not statistically significant, the mean umbilical pH was 7.34 ± 0.09 in the SAB group, it was 7.35 ± 0.02 in the GA group, P = 0.071.

Conclusion:
Intraoperative maternal blood loss was more among the parturients who received GA than subarachnoid blood. This could probably be due to the effect of the halogenated vapor used for the GA on the uterine tone. There was no further blood loss after the intraoperative period. The hemodynamic profile was better under SAB as evidenced by the total ephedrine consumption.
Association between Maternal Selenium Levels and Pregnancy Outcome among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive and Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Negative Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Health-Care Center in Owerri, Nigeria
Authors: Okonkwo Rasmus Izuchukwu , Onyeabochukwu Augustine Duke , Izuka Emmanuel Obiora , Duke-Onyeabo Chukwunonyerem Precious , Obiora-Izuka Chinelo Elizabeth , Ejelonu Uchenna Terry , Nwagha Uchenna Ifeanyi 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection constitutes a major medical complication of pregnancy and is associated with adverse feto-maternal outcomes. However, the relationship between maternal serum selenium levels and pregnancy outcomes has been inconsistent.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal serum selenium status and pregnancy outcome in HIV-positive and HIV-negative women in a tertiary health facility.

Methodology:
A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out among HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women at a tertiary health-care facility in Owerri. Participants were recruited from the labor ward and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. One hundred and ten HIV-positive pregnant women were compared with an equal number of HIV-negative pregnant women. They were matched for age, parity and gestational age. Selenium level was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Maternal packed cell volume (PCV) was also assessed at recruitment. At delivery, the birth weight was measured using a standard weighing scale and documented. Cases of preterm births, perinatal deaths, major congenital abnormalities, and neonatal admission were noted and also documented. Statistical analysis was performed using means and standard deviation. Chi-square test, Student's t-test, logistic regression, and Pearson correlation were also employed. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05.

Results:
HIV-positive pregnant women had significantly lower mean serum selenium concentration compared with HIV-negative pregnant women (64.3 ± 19.6 μg/L vs. 100.1 ± 30.9 μg/L; P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant association between serum selenium concentration and birth weight among both HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women (P < 0.001). Similarly, a statistically significant association was seen between serum selenium and maternal PCV in HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women (P = 0.024 and P < 0.001, respectively). However, there was no association found between serum selenium and other pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusion:
HIV-positive pregnant women had a lower mean serum selenium level compared to HIV-negative pregnant women. There was a significant association between low maternal serum selenium level and maternal anemia, as well as low birth weight, especially in HIV-positive pregnant women.
Oral Manifestation in Postmenopausal Women of Maharashtra, Western Region
Authors: Muneshwar Shrutika Sanjay , Ashwinirani S. R. , Gole Abhishek Anilrao , Suragimath Girish 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Menopause in women is a physiological state that gives rise to adaptive changes at both the systemic and oral levels. The oral manifestations of postmenopausal women may vary for each patient. It occurs in the form of burning mouth syndrome, xerostomia, periodontitis, etc., We aimed to assess the prevalence of oral manifestations in the postmenopausal population, to know the nature and severity of oral manifestations occurring in postmenopausal women, and to assess the systemic conditions of these postmenopausal women with oral manifestations. The study was designed to assess the oral manifestation in postmenopausal women of Maharashtra, Western region.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted in the department of oral medicine and radiology. A total of 90 patients were included. A detailed clinical examination was done using a mouth mirror and probe. The clinical pro forma recorded demographic data, including the duration of menopause and different oral manifestations like xerostomia, periodontitis, lichen planus, oral candidiasis, etc., Collected data were entered into MS Excel and subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:
In the study, there were a total of 90 patients. These patients were distributed into three groups based on their age groups. The majority of the oral manifestations were reported in patients belonging to Group 2 (60–70 years age group).

Conclusion:
Overall, 76.6% of patients reported oral mucosal changes; of which 20.2% of patients reported xerostomia, 15.9% reported periodontitis, 13% showed altered taste, 8.6% of patients had lichen planus, and 7.2% patients reported oral candidiasis and space infections.
Prevalence of Oral Cancer in Western Population of Maharashtra for 3 Years: A Prospective Study
Authors: Gole Abhishek Anilrao , Ashwinirani S. R. , Kadashetti Vidya , Suragimath Girish , Muneshwar Shrutika , Godse Priti 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
In developing countries, oral cancer (OC) is estimated to be the third most common malignancy after cancer of the cervix and stomach. The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of OC for 3 years and its association with age, gender, type, and duration of habits along with the site of OC.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology from January 2019 to December 2021. All the patients were examined after recording their demographic data using a mouth mirror and probe. The diagnosis of OC was arrived based on the clinical features of the lesions. The type and duration of habits and site were recorded in clinical pro forma. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21.0 was used for the statistical analysis, the Chi-square test was applied, and the significance level was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
The prevalence of OC was 0.22% in our study. Of 317 cases, the majority of the patients were males (n = 204), and females (n = 113) accounted for a male: female ratio of 2:1. The most common age affected was 51–70 years with a history of tobacco chewing, followed by patients with multiple habits (smokers, tobacco chewers, and alcoholic). The buccal mucosa was the most common site followed by malignancies of multiple sites.

Conclusion:
Regular camps regarding tobacco cessation and counseling should be taken care of by dentists. Male patients aged above 40 years are routinely recommended for dental visits.
Studies of immune parameters in adolescents over the period of 2020-2021
Authors: Kostarev Sergey N. , Sereda Tatyana G. 
Published: July 2023

Changes of immune system in adolescents during the 2020-2021 pandemic have not been sufficiently studied. The paper concerns features of flow cytometric indexes among the children of different age groups and their immunoglobulin status. The cohort was classified into 12 categories (3 age subgroups, and 4 categories relative to immunoglobulin status). The aim of this work was to investigate changes in the immunograms among children and adolescents during the COVID pandemic evaluated by means of flow cytometry. The methodology of the present work was based on evaluation of immunograms including biochemical studies and flow cytometric analysis.
The results of immunological studies of the patients were classified into three age categories. Laboratory diagnostics of human immune system was performed by means of serological and flow cytometric analyses. A total of 250 samples were analyzed in the course of the study. Primary classification of immunograms was performed by immunoglobulin A, M and G status into four categories as follows: absence of disease (R1); immunoglobulin A, M, G values within the reference ranges and active disease (R2); immunoglobulin A and M beyond the reference ranges and passive disease stage (R3); immunoglobulin G and M status and patient recovery process (R4). Eight parameters of immune cells detectable by flow cytometry were chosen for evaluation: total leukocytes, lymphocytes, T lymphocytes (CD3+), B lymphocytes (CD19+), NK cells (CD16+CD56+), T helper cells (CD3+CD4+), NKT cells, and immunoregulation index (CD4+/CD8+). Quantitative assessment of deviations for these indices from the reference values was performed in three distinct age groups under 18 years of age living in the Perm region of the Russian Federation during the pandemic of 2020-2021.
The results showed that, in the R1 category, exceeding of reference values was observed for T cells and B cells in the older and younger groups. For T helper cells and immunoregulation index, the reference thresholds were exceeded in the younger groups. The R2 patients had higher leukocyte levels in the older group along with lower immunoglobulin levels. The immunoregulation index in the younger group was accompanied by higher immunoglobulin levels. T cell levels were decreased in the middle group, along with reduced immunoglobulin levels. B lymphocyte values were elevated in the middle group with decreased immunoglobulin levels. In R3 children, a decrease was observed in the immunoregulation index for the older group, with decreased immunoglobulin levels. In the R4 category, the decreased overall deviation of the main immunogram indexes was revealed.