bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global Mapping of Fragmented Rocks on the Moon with a Neural Network: Implications for the Failure Mode of Rocks on Airless Surfaces
Authors: Rüsch Ottaviano , Bickel Valentin T. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Failure modes of lunar boulders depend both on rheology and the erosion agents acting in the lunar surface environment. Here, we address the failure modes of lunar boulders and their variations at a quasi-global scale (60°N to S). We deploy a neural network and map a total of ∼130,000 fragmented boulders (width > ∼10 m) scattered across the lunar surface and visually identify a dozen different disintegration morphologies corresponding to different failure modes. Our findings suggest that before a boulder is catastrophically shattered by an impact, there is an internal weakening period with minor morphological evidence of damage at the rock scale at the resolution of the used imagery. We find that some of the rare pre-shattering morphologies (e.g., fractures) are equivalent to morphologies observed on asteroid Bennu, suggesting that these morphologies on the Moon and on asteroids are likely not diagnostic of their formation mechanism (e.g., meteoroid impact, thermal stresses). In addition, we identify new morphologies such as breccia boulders with an advection-like erosion style. We publicly release the produced fractured boulder catalog along with this paper.
Integrating T Cell Activation Signals to Regulate Gene Expression through Cyclosporin-Sensitive NFAT
Authors: Kaye Jonathan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This Pillars of Immunology article is a commentary on three pivotal articles: “Nuclear factor of activated T cells contains Fos and Jun,” an article written by J. Jain, P. G. McCaffrey, V. E. Valge-Archer, and A. Rao, and published in Nature, in 1992, https://www.nature.com/articles/356801a0; “The T-cell transcription factor NFATp is a substrate for calcineurin and interacts with Fos and Jun,” written by J. Jain, P. G. McCaffrey, Z. Miner, T. K. Kerppola, J. N. Lambert, G. L. Verdine, T. Curran, and A. Rao, and published in Nature, in 1993, https://www.nature.com/articles/365352a0; and “Isolation of the cyclosporin-sensitive T cell transcription factor NFATp,” written by P. G. McCaffrey, C. Luo, T. K. Kerppola, J. Jain, T. M. Badalian, A. M. Ho, E. Burgeon, W. S. Lane, J. N. Lambert, T. Curran, et al., and published in Science, in 1993, https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.8235597.
Validation and Clinical Utility of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale as Depression Screening Tools in Collegiate Student-Athletes
Authors: Keenan Lindsey , Ingram Yvette , Green Branden , Daltry Rachel , Harenberg Sebastian 
Published: July 2023

ContextThe National Athletic Trainers’ Association recommends including mental health screening measures as part of the preparticipation examination for all student-athletes (SAs). Despite this recommendation, most mental health screening tools have not been validated in the SA population.ObjectiveTo validate and examine the clinical utility of 2 depression screening tools in the collegiate SA population.DesignCross-sectional mixed-methods study.SettingTwo Northeastern United States university athletics programs.Patients or Other ParticipantsA total of 881 (men = 426, 48.4%; women = 455, 51.6%; mean age = 19.7 ± 1.4 years) National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II collegiate SAs completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); 290 SAs participated in a Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview.Main Outcome Measure(s)Depression symptoms were measured using 2 self-report depression screening tools, the PHQ-9 and CES-D, during the fall preparticipation examination. The SAs were selected using a random stratified sampling technique to participate in a Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview as the reference standard comparison for the receiver operating characteristic analysis.ResultsA cutoff score of 6 on the PHQ-9 corresponded to 78% sensitivity, 75% specificity, 17.3% positive predictive value, 98.1% negative predictive value (NPV), 3.2 positive likelihood ratio (+LR), and 0.3 negative likelihood ratio (−LR). A cutoff score of 15 on the CES-D corresponded to 83% sensitivity, 78% specificity, 19.7% positive predictive value, 98.6% NPV, 3.7 +LR, and 0.22 −LR.ConclusionsThis was the first study to validate depression screening tools in the collegiate SA population. The results suggest cutoff scores on the PHQ-9 and CES-D in SA may need to be lower than those recommended for the general population and provide strong evidence for use as screeners to rule out depression. Referral and confirmatory testing should be implemented to confirm the presence of depression for SAs scoring at or above the cutoff thresholds. Given its brevity, inclusion of a suicidality or self-harm question and evidence of −LR and NPV strength, the PHQ-9 is a practical and effective screener for the SA population.
The clinical efficiency and safety of 60W superpulse thulium fiber laser in retrograde intrarenal surgery
Authors: Vaddi Chandra Mohan , Ramakrishna Paidakula , Ganeshan Soundarya , Swamy Siddalinga , Anandan Hemnath , Babu Manas , Panda Rakesh 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Our aim is to evaluate the clinical efficiency and safety of 60W Thulium fiber laser (TFL) during retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). The performance of the TFL across different ranges of stone volumes and stone densities is assessed.

Materials and Methods:
Between October 2019 and August 2020, a prospective study was done on 135 patients with < 20 mm renal stones, who underwent RIRS using TFL. Stone parameters, total laser time, total energy delivered (kJ), and fiber burn-back were recorded. Laser efficacy (J/mm3) and ablation speed (mm3/s) were calculated.

Results:
Data of 126 of 135 patients included in the study were analyzed. The mean patient age was 45.04 ± 12.30 years. Mean stone size was 15.19 ± 4.52 mm, and mean stone volume was 1061.85 ± 806.81 mm3. Mean laser time was 19.78 ± 12.32 min. At higher stone volume (>1000 mm3), J/mm3 decreased significantly from 16.18 ± 5.90 to 10.92 ± 3.21 (P < 0.001) and the ablation speed increased significantly (0.77 ± 0.28–1.04 ± 0.28 mm3/s [P < 0.001]). Stone density did not have a significant influence on the laser efficacy [B = -0.31 (-2.45 to 1.82, p=0.771)] or on the ablation speed [B = -0.06 (-0.17 to 0.05, p=0.278)]. Overall SFR was 93.6%. The complication rate was 16.6% (21/126). Out of the 21, 12 patients had hematuria and 9 had fever, which were of Clavien grades 1–2.

Conclusion:
Superpulse TFL is efficient and safe. The work efficiency increases for larger volume stones. The work efficiency remains the same across different stone densities. No complication more than Clavien grade 2 was encountered.
Epidemiology of C2 fractures in the United States: A National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database study
Authors: Berkay Fehmi , Minhas Arjun , Lyons Joseph G. , Fonte Elizabeth , Foster Norah 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
C2 fractures are one of the most common traumatic injuries of the cervical spine, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Current literature on the incidence of C2 fractures is limited to populations outside of the United States (US), prior to 2014, or specific age cohorts. The purpose of this study is to report the incidence rate (IR) of C2 fractures and associated patient demographics in the US between 2002 and 2021 using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database.

Methods:
This study analyzed the NEISS database to identify cases of C2 fractures presenting to US Emergency Departments (EDs) from 2002 to 2021. Annual and overall numbers of fractures, IR, and patient demographics were analyzed. IR is expressed as the number of fractures per 100,000 person-years at risk (PYR). Patients were split into three different age groups for comparison (children and young adults, 0–64 years; older adults, 65–79 years; elderly individuals, 80 + years).

Results:
A national estimate of n = 72,764 patients (95% confidence interval [CI] = 54,371–91,156) presented to US EDs with a C2 fracture (IR was 1.17/PYR; 95% CI = 0.87–1.46), and elderly individuals had the highest IR overall (IR = 15.9; P < 0.05). The IR of C2 fractures between 2002 and 2021, reported as average annual percent change (AAPC), increased significantly, regardless of age or sex (AAPC = 10.9; 95% CI = 6.3–15.6; P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
C2 fractures occur at higher rates than previous years, with especially high IR in elderly individuals. Emphasis of public health efforts toward osteoporosis and coordination difficulties in elderly individuals would likely significantly reduce the overall IR of these injuries.
Technical-financial analysis of conventional and alternative technologies for the treatment of sewage in small to large cities
Authors: Gomides Clécio Eustáquio , Oliveira Felipe Maia , Soares Jaqueline dos Santos , Matos Mateus Pimentel de , Souza Aline dos Reis 
Published: July 2023

In Brazil, there is low coverage of sewage collection and treatment, a condition that is even more critical in smaller cities. One reason for this is the lack of resources for investment in conventional reactors. The present study therefore compared the costs of different treatment alternatives based on the average values of construction and operation present in the literature, the values of the price per square meter for land acquisition, electricity tariffs, and final sludge disposal by considering different operating times of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This allowed inferences about the costs associated with the choice of the configuration of a municipal WWTP. Based on the scenarios studied, it was observed that the conventional systems evaluated are, in general, more costly, especially after several years of operation. However, the choice of these treatment units may be more interesting in scenarios with high cost per square metre and lower electricity rates or where there is no area availability. For smaller cities and with lower real estate pressure, the natural systems evaluated are more indicated due to the low total costs (construction and operation) and adequate pollutant-removal efficiencies.
Keywords: choice of wwtp, methodology of choice sewage treatment, natural systems, treatment costs.
Comparing spacings of Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg stand: response in biomass and carbon stock above and below ground
Authors: Souza Paulo Henrique de , Caldeira Marcos Vinicius Winckler , Delarmelina William Macedo , Trazzi Paulo André , Paula Ranieri Ribeiro , Momolli Dione Richer , Moreau Julia Siqueira , Gomes Gabriel Soares Lopes , Gomes Robert , Sanquetta Carlos Roberto 
Published: July 2023

Forests play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. Among the factors that can affect carbon stocks in forest stands, planting spacing stands out. This study verified the effect of spacing on biomass and carbon stock in a stand of Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg at 56 months of age. They were planted with 3 x 2 m, 3 x 3 m, 4 x 3 m, 4 x 4 m and 5 x 5 m spacings. The biomass of the above-ground compartments (stem, branches, leaves and bark) and root biomass was quantified, totalling 16.42 and 6.68 Mg ha-1, respectively. The largest amount of biomass and carbon stock occurred in the denser spacings. Total biomass was twice as large at 3 x 2 m spacing compared to 5 x 5 m spacing. The root biomass represented 40.93% of the total biomass. The order of participation of the components in the total aboveground biomass was branches (44.99%), stem (40.77%), leaves (13.99%) and bark (4.90%). The denser spacings (3 x 2 m and 3 x 3 m) showed higher values of biomass and carbon stock than the wide spacings (4 x 3 m, 4 x 4 m and 5 x 5 m). There was no effect of planting spacing on carbon stock in necromass and soil.
Keywords: biomass, carbon sequestration, silviculture.
SỬ DỤNG KIỂM ĐỊNH GIẢ THUYẾT BAYES VÀ NEYMAN-PEARSON CHO BỘ TỰ MÃ HÓA ĐỂ PHÁT HIỆN BẤT THƯỜNG TRONG AN NINH MẠNG
Authors: NGUYỄN VĂN ANH TUẤN  , ĐINH HOÀNG HẢI ĐĂNG  , TRẦN NAM BÁ  , NGUYỄN THỊ THANH HÒA  , TRỊNH THỊ BẢO BẢO  , PHAN LÊ HOÀNG VIỆT  , NGUYỄN CHÍ KIÊN  , NGUYỄN HỮU TÌNH  
Published: July 2023

Bộ tự mã hóa là một mô hình học không giám sát trong đó các tham số được điều chỉnh để vector đầu ra gần giống nhất với vector đầu vào. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi sử dụng bộ tự mã hóa để phát hiện các kết nối bất thường trong mạng Internet. Mức lỗi tái tạo khi sử dụng bộ tự mã hoá sẽ được sử dụng để phân lớp kết nối thành kết nối bình thường và kết nối bất thường. Chúng tôi trình bày ba phương pháp phân lớp độ lỗi tái tạo: phân lớp sử dụng một ngưỡng cho trước, phân lớp theo kiểm định giả thuyết Bayes và phân lớp theo kiểm định giả thuyết Neyman-Pearson. Độ chính xác trung bình đạt được trên ba phương pháp là trên bộ dữ liệu NSL KDD.
XÂY DỰNG ỨNG DỤNG TÌM KIẾM SÁCH ĐIỆN TỬ BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP TÌM KIẾM NGỮ NGHĨA TRÊN ONTOLOGY
Authors: NGUYỄN PHÚC HƯNG  , ĐẶNG THỊ PHÚC  , ĐINH CÔNG THẮNG  
Published: July 2023

Tìm kiếm dựa trên ngữ nghĩa thông qua thông tin truy vấn là một bước quan trọng giúp nâng cao hiệu quả truy xuất thông tin. Trong bài báo, chúng tôi đề xuất mô hình ngữ nghĩa ontology và các phương pháp tiếp cận để cải thiện mức độ liên quan trong việc truy xuất thông tin. Chúng tôi xây dựng hệ thống tìm kiếm sách điện tử cho phép người dùng tìm kiếm theo ngữ nghĩa với khoảng 360 đầu sách được lưu trữ trong ontology. Hệ thống được triển khai với sự hỗ trợ của các công nghệ Resource Description Framework (RDF) ngôn ngữ ontology cho web (OWL – Ontology Web Language). Để thực hiện truy vấn, chúng tôi đã sử dụng ngôn ngữ truy vấn SPARQL ở định dạng RDF được sử dụng để truy xuất dữ liệu đang được lưu trữ. Ứng dụng cung cấp một hệ thống mã hóa đơn giản và nhất quán hỗ trợ người sử dụng tìm kiếm và truy hồi thông tin một cách hiệu quả, tiết kiệm thời gian tìm kiếm.
The Effects of Interest (Riba) on Economy: A Related Review
Authors: Islam Sayed Md. Tauhidul , Kutubi Mohammad Shafiullah 
Published: July 2023

The article "Effects of Interest on Economy" discussed elaborately about interest from the angle of socio-economic outlook. Here the characteristics of interest and its negative effects have been discussed logically and beautifully. By reading this article one can get a clear picture of how interest creates economic and social instability as well as the harmful effects of interest on investment and production. The holy Quran prohibited interest and all forms of interest-based transaction 1400 years ago. From this article one can know that the prohibition of interest is applicable for Muslims and non-Muslims alike. So, in order to free our economy from the cruel clutch of interest, Muslims and non-Muslims all have to come forward to remove interest from the society.
Beside creating public awareness against interest, we have to find out a proper alternative to interest-based economy. For this, the brilliant minds of our country should employ their skill, intelligence and sincerity. Not only Bangladesh, the whole world must be shown an effective Islamic economic system by following which mankind can free themselves from financial crisis.
Tipe dan Penyebaran Ekosistem Hutan di Pulau Mansinam Kabupaten Manokwari
Authors: Nicholas M. Sorondanya  , Hans F. Z. Peday  , Yubelince Y. Runtuboi  
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tipe dan penyebaran ekosistem hutan di Pulau Mansinam, Kabupaten Manokwari. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik teknik observasi langsung di lapangan. Untuk pendugaan potensi tegakan dilakukan dengan penentuan transek yang didasarkan pada karakteristik habitat, dimana penentuannya dilakukan secara sengaja dengan menggunakan metode acak sederhana dan masing-masing transek didasarkan pada tipe ekosistem dan tingkat pertumbuhan vegetasi yang dilakukan menggunakan metode berstrata sesuai dengan kondisi masing-masing habitat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat 6 (enam) tipe ekosistem yaitu ekosistem hutan mangrove, ekosistem hutan rawa, ekosistem hutan pantai berpasir, ekosistem hutan pantai berkarang, ekosistem hutan dataran rendah sekunder dan ekosistem hutan dataran rendah primer. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan bahwa potensi vegetasi pada fase pohon sebanyak 42 jenis, fase tiang sebanyak 43 jenis, fase pancang sebanyak 54 jenis dan fase semai sebanyak 60 jenis. Indeks kesamaan jenis pada ekosistem hutan di Pulau Mansinam pada fase pohon adalah heterogen.
Uji Keefektifan Inokulum Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi pada Pertumbuhan Tiga Jenis Tanaman Di Tailing ModADA Timika
Authors: Irnanda Aiko Fifi Djuuna  , Rima H Siburian  
Published: July 2023

Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular (FMA) berasosiasi dengan sebagian besar tanaman dan mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas inokulum FMA terhadap pertumbuhan 2 jenis tanaman kehutanan (Samanea saman dan Calliandra surinamensis) dan 1 jenis tanaman pertanian (Zea mays) di tanah tailing. Percobaan pot dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dilakukan di screen house Mile Point 21 PT Freeport Indonesia di Timika. Tailing digunakan sebagai media pertumbuhan dengan lima perlakuan inokulum yaitu Inokulum 1 (dari ModADA bawah), Inokulum 2 (dari ModADA tengah), Inokulum 3 (dari ModADA atas), Inokulum 4 (dari MP 21), dan Inokulum 5 (Mycofer) dengan 3 ulangan. Tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang, dan jumlah daun diamati pada 28, 56 dan 84 hari setelah tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian inokulum FMA memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang Samanea saman dan Calliandra surinamensis dibandingkan dengan tanpa pemberian inokulum, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun pada tanaman jagung. Kemampuan inokulum FMA pada tanah tailing menunjukkan bahwa sumber inokulum ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif sumber pupuk biologi dalam program reklamasi lahan tailing.
Criatividade, desenho e práticas educativas
Authors: Nunes Hikaro Kayo de Brito , Ferreira Edenilson Andrade , Silva Ivamauro Ailton de Sousa 
Published: July 2023

A utilização de metodologias diversificadas nas aulas de Geografia favorece, para além da potencialização do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, o estímulo à criatividade, sensibilidade, subjetividade, pensamento crítico, coletividade e cidadania, tanto dentro da sala de aula quanto fora. Diante disso, um dos recursos mais utilizados em diferentes níveis de ensino são os desenhos, que, face ao planejamento do(a) professor(a) carece de uma constante ressignificação. O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender e refletir a inserção do desenho em atividades e práticas educativas que possibilitam o estímulo a criatividade e a construção do conhecimento geográfico. Metodologicamente este estudo é caracterizado como estudo de caso fundamentado nas experiências e vivências a partir da prática professoral dos autores do estudo no âmbito do ensino de Geografia, tanto na educação básica quanto no ensino superior (cursos de Licenciatura em Geografia) que contribuíram para a confirmação da materialização da criatividade por meio de desenhos na interpretação de fatos geográficos (principalmente processos físico-naturais e inter-relação sociedade-natureza) a partir de experiências sensoriais, narrativas e memórias.
Palavras-chave
Criatividade, Subjetividade, Desenho, Geografia.

Creativity, drawing and educational practices: reflections, experiences and other expressions beyond the geography classroom
Abstract
The use of diverse methodologies in Geography classes favors, in addition to enhancing the teaching and learning process, the stimulation of creativity, sensitivity, subjectivity, critical thinking, collectivity and citizenship, both inside and outside the classroom. In view of this, one of the most used resources at different levels of education are drawings, which, in view of the teacher's planning, require constant re-signification. The objective of this work is to understand and reflect on the insertion of drawing in educational activities and practices that enable the stimulation of creativity and the construction of geographic knowledge. Methodologically, this study is characterized as a case study based on the experiences from the teaching practice of the authors of the study in the context of teaching Geography, both in basic education and in higher education (in Geography courses) that contributed to confirm from the materialization of creativity through drawings in the interpretation of geographic facts (mainly physical-natural processes and society-nature interrelationship) from sensorial experiences, narratives and memories.
Keywords
Creativity, Subjectivity, Drawing, Geography.
A high sense of coherence can mitigate suicidal ideation associated with insomnia
Authors: Muroi Kei , Ishitsuka Mami , Hori Daisuke , Doki Shotaro , Ikeda Tomohiko , Takahashi Tsukasa , Sasahara Shinichiro , Matsuzaki Ichiyo 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThe present study aimed to investigate whether insomnia is associated with suicidal ideation (SI) among Japanese workers by conducting a multi-level analysis with sense of coherence (SOC) as a random effect.Participants and procedureA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 19,481 workers in Tsukuba, Japan. Data from 7,175 participants aged 20-65 years were included in the analysis. The Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) was used as the independent variable, and SI over the past year was used as the dependent variable. SOC was measured using the five-point SOC-13 scale, and socioeconomic and health factors were investigated as covariates. Participants were divided into three groups (low, medium, and high) based on their SOC scores. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% con-fidence intervals (95% CI).ResultsIn the high-SOC group, only one person had SI. In a multi-level logistic analysis that excluded the high SOC group, insom-nia was found to be associated with SI (OR = 2.26, 95% CI [1.75, 2.93]). Furthermore, the AIS sub-items “Final awakening earlier than desired” (OR = 1.26, 95% CI [1.05, 1.50]) and “Sense of well-being during the day” (OR = 1.63, 95% CI [1.34, 1.99]) were associated with SI. 8.95% or 11% of the variation in the presence or absence of SI was found to be explained by differences between SOC groups.ConclusionsThe study highlights that insomnia is associated with SI, and that high SOC may reduce SI even under insomnia. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm whether high SOC reduces SI due to insomnia.
This is My Instrument: An Approach Towards Performance Practice for Integrated Concerts
Authors: Moore Thomas R. 
Published: July 2023

The Belgium-based Nadar Ensemble is a new music ensemble that specializes in performing curated and integrated concerts. In this case ‘integrated’ infers that all aspects of the concert are taken into consideration. Questioning, developing, and instrumentalizing video, light and sound design (including live electronics), costuming, decor, and even personnel such as a conductor and other roles typically inherent to an ensembles’ tradition, have become an integral part of Nadar’s and other similar ensembles’ concert programming. In this paper I will specifically lay out the manners in which the musicians of Nadar Ensemble approach what they have grown to see as their broadened instruments, including the use of live electronics, game controllers and newly made instruments. I will also discuss ideas surrounding the so-called ‘attacca concert’ and post-instrumental practice by delving into two cases, the event Dead Serious (2014) and the concert program Extensions (2015).