bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed Matrix Membranes with Surface Functionalized Metal–Organic Framework Sieves for Efficient Propylene/Propane Separation
Authors: Cheng Youdong , Joarder Biplab , Datta Shuvo Jit , Alsadun Norah , Poloneeva Daria , Fan Dong , Khairova Rushana , Bavykina Anastasiya , Jia Jiangtao , Shekhah Osama , Shkurenko Aleksander , Maurin Guillaume , Gascon Jorge , Eddaoudi Mohamed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMembrane technology, regarded as an environmentally friendly and sustainable approach, offers great potential to address the large energy penalty associated with the energy‐intensive propylene/propane separation. Quest for molecular sieving membranes for this important separation is of tremendous interest. Here, a fluorinated metal–organic framework (MOF) material, known as KAUST‐7 (KAUST: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology) with well‐defined narrow 1D channels that can effectively discriminate propylene from propane based on a size‐sieving mechanism, is successfully incorporated into a polyimide matrix to fabricate molecular sieving mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). Markedly, the surface functionalization of KAUST‐7 nanoparticles with carbene moieties affords the requisite interfacial compatibility, with minimal nonselective defects at polymer–filler interfaces, for the fabrication of a molecular sieving MMM. The optimal membrane with a high MOF loading (up to 45 wt.%) displays a propylene permeability of ≈95 barrer and a mixed propylene/propane selectivity of ≈20, far exceeding the state‐of‐the‐art upper bound limits. Moreover, the resultant membrane exhibits robust structural stability under practical conditions, including high pressures (up to 8 bar) and temperatures (up to 100 °C). The observed outstanding performance attests to the importance of surface engineering for the preparation and plausible deployment of high‐performance MMMs for industrial applications.
Large‐Scale Formation of Uniform Porous Ge Nanostructures with Tunable Physical Properties
Authors: Hanuš Tadeáš , Arias‐Zapata Javier , Ilahi Bouraoui , Provost Philippe‐Olivier , Cho Jinyoun , Dessein Kristof , Boucherif Abderraouf 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPorous germanium (PGe) nanostructures attract a lot of attention for various emerging applications due to their unique properties. Consequently, there is an increasing need for the development of low‐cost synthesis routes that are compatible with large‐scale production. Bipolar electrochemical etching (BEE) is a widely used solution for producing porous Ge layers. However, the lack of controllable production of large‐scale uniform PGe layers is the limiting factor for mainstream applications. Large‐scale homogeneous PGe layers formation is demonstrated by improving the BEE process. The PGe structures demonstrate excellent homogeneity in thickness and porosity, with a relative variation of below 2% across the 100 mm wafer. Furthermore, this process enables accurate tuning of the PGe's physical properties through variation of the etching parameters. PGe structures with porosity ranging from 40% to 80% and an adjustable thickness, while preserving low surface roughness are demonstrated, giving access to a large variety of PGe nanostructures for a wide range of applications. Ellipsometry and X‐ray reflectivity are employed to measure the porosity and thickness of PGe layers, providing fast and non‐destructive methods of characterization. These findings lay the groundwork for the large‐scale production of high‐quality PGe layers with on‐demand characteristics.
Subwavelength Broadband Perfect Absorption for Unidimensional Open‐Duct Problems
Authors: Meng Yang , Romero‐García Vicente , Gabard Gwénaël , Groby Jean‐Philippe , Bricault Charlie , Goudé Sébastien 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPassive metamaterials provide efficient solutions for sound absorption in the low‐frequency regime with deep subwavelength dimensions. They have been extensively applied in unidimensional reciprocal problems considering that an incident wave is either reflected or transmitted at the outlet boundary. However, the generalized problem with impedance boundary condition is not well understood yet. This work presents a general design methodology of metamaterial absorbers for open‐duct problems, which is a special case of impedance outlet boundary encountered in broad practical applications, for example, noise‐attenuation problems in heat ventilation and air conditioning systems. By properly using monopolar point scatterers made of arrays of Helmholtz resonators, the design process is significantly simplified; the transfer matrix modeling is sufficiently accurate to describe the acoustic response of the system. A single monopolar point scatterer is insufficient to attenuate both the reflected and radiated waves; a frequency‐dependent maximum absorption exists and is derived analytically. To go beyond this absorption bound and achieve perfect absorption, at least two point scatterers are necessary. Specific designs are provided and validated experimentally for maximum or perfect absorption, either at single frequencies or over specific frequency bands.
Giant Enhancement of Electron–Phonon Coupling in Dimensionality‐Controlled SrRuO3 Heterostructures
Authors: Choi In Hyeok , Jeong Seung Gyo , Min Taewon , Lee Jaekwang , Choi Woo Seok , Lee Jong Seok 
Published: April 2023

AbstractElectrons in crystals interact closely with quantized lattice degree of freedom, determining fundamental electrodynamic behaviors and versatile correlated functionalities. However, the strength of the electron–phonon interaction is so far determined as an intrinsic value of a given material, restricting the development of potential electronic and phononic applications employing the tunable coupling strength. Here, it is demonstrated that the electron–phonon coupling in SrRuO3 can be largely controlled by multiple intuitive tuning knobs available in synthetic crystals. The coupling strength of quasi‐2D SrRuO3 is enhanced by ≈300‐fold compared with that of bulk SrRuO3. This enormous enhancement is attributed to the non‐local nature of the electron–phonon coupling within the well‐defined synthetic atomic network, which becomes dominant in the limit of the 2D electronic state. These results provide valuable opportunities for engineering the electron–phonon coupling, leading to a deeper understanding of the strongly coupled charge and lattice dynamics in quantum materials.
Congeneric temperate orchids recruit similar—yet differentially abundant—endophytic bacterial communities that are uncoupled from soil, but linked to host phenology and population size
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Harder Christoffer B. , Sharma Jyotsna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPremiseBesides the beneficial plant‐fungus symbiosis in mycorrhizal plants, bacteria also enhance plant fitness via tripartite interactions. While bacterial associations are presumably just as important for the obligate mycorrhizal family Orchidaceae, little is known about orchid associating bacteria (OAB).MethodsWe examined the OAB communities of two, congeneric, terrestrial orchids, Platanthera cooperi and Platanthera praeclara, which represent widely disparate North American ecosystems. We tested whether they recruit distinct OAB communities, and whether variability in OAB communities can be linked to phenology, population size, or habitat soil. Genomic DNAs from roots of seedling, vegetative, and reproductive plants and from soil were subjected to Illumina sequencing of V4 and V5 regions of the 16S rRNA gene.ResultsWe obtained 809 OAB Zero‐radius Operational Taxonomic Units (ZOTUs). Despite an overlap of 209 ZOTUs that accounted for >75% relative abundances of their respective OAB communities, the overall community structures of the two orchids were distinct. Within each orchid, distinctions were detected in the OAB communities of large and small populations and the three phenological stages. The OAB ZOTUs were either absent or present with low abundances in soil associated with both orchids.ConclusionsThe two orchids exhibited preferential recruitment of known growth‐promoting OAB communities from soil. Their OAB communities also showed considerable overlap despite the large environmental and geographical separation of the two host taxa. Our results lend further support to the emerging evidence that not only the fungi, but root‐associated bacteria also have functional importance for orchid ecology.
Utilizing Graphene Oxide (GO) Catalysed Cascade in the Synthesis of Tetracyclic Pyrano[3,4‐b]indole Derivatives
Authors: Myrsing Efficiency , Vinod Adithya , Mouli H. M. Chandra , Ravichandiran V. , Jana Anupam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA simple, highly effective synthesis of tetracyclic pyrano[3,4‐b]indoles derivatives from simple 2‐indolylmethanols and trione alkenes has been accomplished through oxa‐Michael addition‐Friedel–Crafts reaction‐cyclization cascade promoted by a cheap and green graphene oxide catalyst. Under mild conditions, the reaction afforded a range of pyrano[3,4‐b]indole scaffolds, which are an important structural unit of different bioactive molecules, in excellent yields. Most importantly, in the cascade reaction of 2‐indolylmethanols with trione alkenes, the nanocatalyst not only activates trione alkene substrates by forming hydrogen‐bonding, but also promotes the following intramolecular ring formation and dehydration. Moreover, graphene oxide showed high recyclability in this reaction and could be used in gram scale synthesis. To the best of our knowledge, graphene oxide is used for the first time in the synthesis of functionalized tetracyclic dihydropyranoindole derivatives.
Photocatalysis as an Effective Tool for Upcycling Polymers into Value‐Added Molecules
Authors: Eisenreich Fabian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractShaping a sustainable future is closely tied to the development of advanced plastic recycling technologies. As global recycling rates remain low, the lion's share of post‐consumer plastics is either incinerated or disposed of in landfills. This unbalanced plastic waste management not only poses severe environmental risks, but also entails an irrevocable loss of chemical resources that are embedded in synthetic polymers. To give plastic waste a new life, a series of photocatalytic methods has recently been reported that convert polymers directly into value‐added organic molecules. These approaches operate at ambient temperature, show high reactivity/selectivity, and provide alternative reaction pathways as compared to thermal depolymerizations. This Minireview highlights the scientific breakthroughs in upcycling polymers through state‐of‐the‐art photocatalysis under environmentally benign conditions.
Carbon Deposit Analysis in Catalyst Deactivation, Regeneration, and Rejuvenation
Authors: Vogt Eelco T. C. , Fu Donglong , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHydrocarbon conversion catalysts suffer from deactivation by deposition or formation of carbon deposits. Carbon deposit formation is thermodynamically favored above 350 °C, even in some hydrogen‐rich environments. We discuss four basic mechanisms: a carbenium‐ion based mechanism taking place on acid sites of zeolites or bifunctional catalysts, a metal‐induced formation of soft coke (i.e., oligomers of small olefins) on bifunctional catalysts, a radical‐mediated mechanism in higher‐temperature processes, and fast‐growing carbon filament formation. Catalysts deactivate because carbon deposits block pores at different length scales, or directly block active sites. Some deactivated catalysts can be re‐used, others can be regenerated or have to be discarded. Catalyst and process design can mitigate the effects of deactivation. New analytical tools allow for the direct observation (in some cases even under in situ or operando conditions) of the 3D‐distribution of coke‐type species as a function of catalyst structure and lifetime.
Electrode Materials for Desalination of Water via Capacitive Deionization
Authors: Kumar Sushil , Aldaqqa Najat Maher , Alhseinat Emad , Shetty Dinesh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent years have seen the emergence of capacitive deionization (CDI) as a promising desalination technique for converting sea and wastewater into potable water, due to its energy efficiency and eco‐friendly nature. However, its low salt removal capacity and parasitic reactions have limited its effectiveness. As a result, the development of porous carbon nanomaterials as electrode materials have been explored, while taking into account of material characteristics such as morphology, wettability, high conductivity, chemical robustness, cyclic stability, specific surface area, and ease of production. To tackle the parasitic reaction issue, membrane capacitive deionization (mCDI) was proposed which utilizes ion‐exchange membranes coupled to the electrode. Fabrication techniques along with the experimental parameters used to evaluate the desalination performance of different materials are discussed in this review to provide an overview of improvements made for CDI and mCDI desalination purposes
Near‐Infrared Photodynamic Chemiluminescent Probes for Cancer Therapy and Metastasis Detection
Authors: Huang Jingsheng , Zhang Chi , Wang Xinzhu , Wei Xin , Pu Kanyi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere is growing interest in the development of chemiluminescence (CL) probes for phototheranostics because of their minimized tissue autofluorescence. However, due to a lack of near‐infrared (NIR)‐absorbing chemiluminophores, current probes for NIR CL‐guided phototherapy are based on nanoparticles made up of multiple components. We report bright unimolecular chemiluminophores with NIR absorptions and emissions, long CL half‐lives and ideal photodynamic efficiency. One luminophore is modified into an activatable probe, DBPOL, with a turn‐on CL signal and photodynamic activity that are specific to a cancer biomarker. The highly sensitive DBPOL allows CL‐guided photodynamic therapy which completely inhibits tumor growth and lung metastasis in mouse models, and can be applied for noninvasive monitoring of lung metastasis. We provide molecular guidelines for NIR‐absorbing CL probes for imaging‐guided phototherapy.
Performance study of self‐excited oscillatory cyclone drainage tool to improve the efficiency of natural gas well drainage and gas recovery
Authors: Liang Huizhen , Jiang Xiukun , Li Chengzhen , Ma Jian , Mu Lin , Han Wenbo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe accumulation of fluid in the wellbore of a natural gas well can seriously affect the production of the well and can even lead to the well flooding and stopping production. The conventional cyclone tool has low kinetic energy, serious energy loss and short effective distance of spiral flow in the process of gas well drainage and gas recovery, thus affecting the efficiency of gas well drainage and gas recovery. In response to the above problems, this paper proposes a new cyclonic drainage solution combining self‐excited oscillating pulse jet and cyclonic flow. The liquid‐carrying air flow through the oscillating chamber forms a large vortex ring and the flow pattern squeezes the central air flow inwards, allowing the return vortex at the wall to develop effectively, increasing the return vortex velocity and increasing the velocity at the centre of the squeezed pulsating flow. In this paper, based on theoretical analysis and experimental research, the numerical simulation results are compared with the various drainage performance of conventional cyclone tools. The results show that the pressure drop and critical fluid‐carrying velocity of the cyclone section are significantly reduced, and the average tangential velocity of the cyclone section and the effective action distance of the cyclone tool are significantly increased, indicating that the new cyclone tool can improve the fluid‐carrying capacity of gas wells by changing the flow pattern of the gas–liquid medium without increasing energy consumption.
The synergistic improvement in mechanical strength and toughness obtained in epoxy‐based composites incorporating with carbon nanotubes‐polymer hybrid construction
Authors: Ding Xiaoyu , He Delong , Yin Lei , Zhang Na , Zhao Hang , Bai Jinbo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn order to meet the ever‐increasing demands of complex engineering applications, it is necessary to design the polymer‐based composites with the synergistic improvements in strength and toughness. Herein, the novel carbon nanotubes (CNT)‐bismaleimide (BMI) hybrid construction (CBH) was prepared through mechanical blending and pulverizing. The as‐prepared CBH with a stable structure and well‐regulated morphological construction was employed as a special functional filler to endow the epoxy‐based composites with a significantly enhanced overall mechanical property. Due to CBH can provide a multiscaled interfacial interaction with matrix, the composite loaded with 1 wt% CBH exhibited the synchronously improved both tensile modulus (1.31 GPa) and toughness (1.89 MJ m−3), which are 27.18% and 209.83% higher than those of pure epoxy, respectively. Moreover, good interfacial compatibility between CBH and matrix allows the composite loaded with 1 wt% CBH to exhibit the thermal conductivity of 0.18 W m−1 K−1, which was 28.57% higher than pure epoxy (0.14 W m−1 K−1). Be different from many other CNTs‐loaded counterparts, the aligned‐CNTs loaded composite showed a well‐maintained insulating feature. The novel carbon nanotubes‐polymer hybrid construction expands the application range of epoxy‐based insulating composites by optimizing their mechanical and thermal properties.
Driving adoption of new technologies in biopharmaceutical manufacturing
Authors: Schaefer Gene , Balchunas John , Charlebois Timothy , Erickson John , Hart Roger , Kedia Sandeep B. , Lee Kelvin H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe challenge of introducing new technologies into established industries is not a problem unique to the biopharmaceutical industry. However, it may be critical to the long‐term competitiveness of individual manufacturers and, more importantly, the ability to deliver therapies to patients. This is especially true for new treatment modalities including cell and gene therapies. We review several barriers to technology adoption which have been identified in various public forums including business, regulatory, technology, and people‐driven concerns. We also summarize suitable enablers addressing one or more of these barriers along with suggestions for developing synergies or connections between innovation in product discovery and manufacturing or across the supplier, discovery, manufacturing, and regulatory arms of the holistic innovation engine.
Point‐of‐care detection of Japanese encephalitis virus biomarker in clinical samples using a portable smartphone‐enabled electrochemical “Sensit” device
Authors: Roberts Akanksha , Dhanze Himani , Sharma G. Taru , Gandhi Sonu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractJapanese encephalitis (JE), a neglected tropical zoonotic disease prevalent in south‐east Asian and western pacific countries, caused by the flavivirus JE virus (JEV), has a dearth of electrochemical point‐of‐care (PoC) diagnostic tools available to manage endemic breakouts. To overcome this, we have developed a screen‐printed carbon electrode (SPCE) immunosensor for rapid PoC detection of JEV nonstructural 1 (NS1) antigen (Ag), found circulating in serum of infected individuals using a smartphone based portable “Sensit” device. The modification of SPCE surface with JEV NS1 antibody (Ab) was confirmed via observation of globular protein structures via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), increase in electrode surface hydrophilicity via contact angle measurement and decrease in current via differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The fabrication and testing parameters were optimized based on highest current output obtained using DPV. The SPCE was tested for detection limit of target JEV NS1 Ag ranging from 1 fM to 1 μM, which was determined as 0.45 fM in spiked serum. The disposable immunosensor was also found to be highly specific in detecting JEV NS1 Ag over other flaviviral NS1 Ag. Finally, the modified SPCE was clinically validated by testing 62 clinical JEV samples using both a portable miniaturized electrochemical “Sensit” device coupled with a smartphone and a laboratory‐based potentiostat. The results were corroborated with gold‐standard RT‐PCR and showed 96.77% accuracy, 96.15% sensitivity, and 97.22% specificity. Hence, this technique may further be developed into a one‐step rapid diagnostic tool for JEV, especially in rural areas.
Efficient Chemical and Enzymatic Syntheses of FAD Nucleobase Analogues and Their Analysis as Enzyme Cofactors**
Authors: Shah Ateek , Kumar Yashwant , Rohan S. , Hazra Amrita B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFlavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is an essential redox cofactor in cellular metabolism. The organic synthesis of FAD typically involves coupling flavin mononucleotide (FMN) with adenosine monophosphate, however, existing synthesis routes present limitations such as multiple steps, low yields, and/or difficult‐to‐obtain starting materials. In this study, we report the synthesis of FAD nucleobase analogues with guanine/cytosine/uracil in place of adenine and deoxyadenosine in place of adenosine using chemical and enzymatic approaches with readily available starting materials, achieved in 1–3 steps with moderate yields (10–57 %). We find that the enzymatic route using Methanocaldococcus jannaschii FMN adenylyltransferase (MjFMNAT) is versatile and can produce these FAD analogues in high yields. Further, we demonstrate that Escherichia coli glutathione reductase is capable of binding and using these analogues as cofactors. Finally, we show that FAD nucleobase analogues can be synthesized inside a cell from cellular substrates FMN and nucleoside triphosphates by the heterologous expression of MjFMNAT. This lays the foundation for their use in studying the molecular role of FAD in cellular metabolism and as biorthogonal reagents in biotechnology and synthetic biology.
Type 3 of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC‐3): Case report
Authors: Almoshantaf Mohammad Badr , Alasaad Suja , Alzabibi Mhd Amin , Shibani Mosa , Ezzdean Weaam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGenetic testing should always be advised in both parents and children of families with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis as early detection will provide more options to a better qualitative life.
Dorsal intradural spinal arteriovenous fistula associated with giant intradural spinal aneurysm, a case report
Authors: Mohammad Hosseini Ehsan , Rasekhi Alireza , Vahdat Noushin , Eghbal Keyvan , Jamali Mohammad , Rahmanian Abdolkarim , Sourani Arman , Foroughi Mina , Baradaran Mahdavi Sadegh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractArteriovenous fistula and spinal aneurysms like other vascular malformations can mimic radiculopathy and low back pain. Precise imaging work combined with a hybrid endovascular‐microsurgical approach is the key element for the best clinical outcome.