bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Escape Reinforcement Learning for Complex Decision Making
Authors: Wu Qihui , Zhao Shijin , Zhou Fuhui , Zhang Hao , Huang Yang , Ma Kai-Kuang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Reinforcement learning is one of the most important methodologies in artificial intelligence and has achieved unprecedented success for addressing the fundamental decision-making tasks in various fields, including financial decisions, navigation, and robotic control tasks. However, the current reinforcement learning faces two well-recognized challenging problems, namely, trapping in the local optima and weak generalization, limiting its ability and performance to tackle complex and dynamic decision making tasks. Here, inspired by human intelligence, we present a new framework, called the \emph{cognitive escape reinforcement learning} (CERL), that has the cognition escape module and the semantic cognition module, for avoiding local optima and achieving strong generalization. Moreover, we elaborate on CERL in a classical and complex decision-making task, namely, visual navigation. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed CERL framework. Its navigation performance is also remarkably superior to those of the state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, it can achieve the highest navigation success rate, which is more than 6\% higher than that of the best agent among the existing ones. The required path length is shortened by more than 29\% and delivers real-time performance. Our presented reinforcement learning-based framework opens up a new direction for tackling future complex decision-making tasks rapidly and with high performance.
A Clustering Algorithm Based on Topological Anomalies Applied to Wireless Body Area Networks
Authors: Ferreira Creyton B. de M. , Reis Thiago B. F. , Tcheou Michel Pompeu , Guedes Raphael Melo , Henriques Felipe da Rocha , de Assis Laura Silva 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are formed by autonomous devices that collect biometric data from the human body. Such devices (sensors) commonly use low transmitting power. Thus, even small postural variations can cause disconnections. Based on this problem, we propose an algorithm for cluster topology generation, based on anomalous topologies. The proposed algorithm determines metrics for the quality and stability of the clusters, based on a recent history of previous clusters. In order to perform a more realistic evaluation of the proposed algorithm, we consider a real-life typical movement pattern. The Omnet++ was considered, and simulation results showed that the proposed algorithm outperformed the LEACH protocol concerning both: i) energy conservation, and ii) packet delivery ratio in a WBAN with mobility.
Effects of soil nutrients and nitrogen application rate of grain fertilizer on yield and grain quality of hybrid medium rice in high temperature and drought area of southern Sichuan, China
Authors: Xu Fuxian , Yuan Chi , Han Dong , Chen Kun , Zeng Shiqing , Zhou Xingbin , Zhang Lin , Jiang Peng , Guo Xiaoyi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To provide scientific basis for formulating high-quality and high-yield fertilization techniques for large-scale production of hybrid medium rice in high temperature and drought area of southern Sichuan, China. The effects of basic fertility and grain fertilizer level on Yield and quality of rice were studied by setting grain fertilizer application rates in three years and seven sites. The results showed that: (1) head rice rate, chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree were greatly affected by environment (CV was 28.31% ～58.45%), while length width ratio, gel consistency and amylose content were slightly affected by environment (CV was 2.75% ～6.53%); (2)The differences of yield, head rice rate, length width ratio, chalkiness rate, chalkiness, gel consistency and amylose content among three years and seven sites were extremely significant (F = 3.46 ** ～602.82 **); There was a significant negative correlation between amylose content and nitrogen application rate (r = - 0.3610 ** ～- 0.6065 * *, n = 56).(3) the yield and quality of rice had very significant relationship with location and soil nutrient background (F value 13.98 * ～ 14155.2 **) , the degree of determination was as high as 89.48% ～ 99.99% .(4) the correlation between yield and quality traits was different in different years, and the correlation analysis from 2018 to 2020 showed that yield was negatively correlated with aspect ratio, gel consistency and amylose (r =-0.1898 **～-0.3192 * , n = 210) , and significantly positively correlated with chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree (r = 0.1516 * ～ 0.1661 *). The yield and quality of rice are affected by the interaction of ecological conditions, soil nutrient background values and variety characteristics. Increasing soil available N, K content and controlling P content are beneficial to improving rice quality, with the increase of yield, the quality of rice decreased, and the cultivation way of high-quality and high-yield of hybrid medium rice was put forward.
Use of Antibiotics and Cognitive Function in Older US Adults
Authors: Tesema Naomi , Wroblewski Kristen , McClintock Martha , Pinto Jayant 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the relationship between antibiotic use and subsequent cognitive function in older adults. Older adults who use antibiotics will have lower cognitive function over time.
Methods
In this longitudinal study of a representative sample of older U.S. adults (N = 2,939, National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project), we directly recorded antibiotic use during a home interview at baseline. Five years later, cognition and dementia were assessed (modified Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA-SA] and reported physician diagnosis of dementia). Associations were tested using logistic regression, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, comorbidities, other medication use, and baseline cognition (Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire).
Results
Older US adults who used antibiotics were less likely to score at or above the 85th percentile of MoCA-SA scores 5 years later (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.13–0.58). There was no statistically significant association between antibiotic use and interval diagnosis of dementia, which was rare in this relatively healthy sample of older adults living at home.
Conclusion
Antibiotic use is associated with worse cognitive function five years later. This epidemiologic evidence is consistent with the effects of a disrupted gut microbiome on brain function or direct effects on the central nervous system.
Lateralized dominance of the nasal cycle is not reflected in the Olfactory Bulb volumes and cerebral activations
Authors: Thaploo Divesh , Joshi Akshita , Thomas Marie , Hummel Thomas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background- Nasal cycle (NC) is a rhythmic change of lateralized nasal airflow mediated by the autonomous nervous system. Previous studies reported the dependence of NC dominance on handedness and hemispheric cerebral activity.
Objective- We aimed to investigate firstly, the possible lateralized effect of NC dominance on olfactory bulb volume: the first cerebral region processing olfactory information, and secondly, the association of NC dominance with the lateralized cerebral dominance in terms of olfactory processing.
Methods- Thirty- five subjects (22 women, mean age 26 ± 3 years) participated in the study. NC dominance was ascertained using a portable rhino-flowmeter, the “Nasal Holter” for a duration of 24 h, out of which 22 subjects had right-dominant NC and 13 subjects had left-sided dominance. Structural and functional brain measurements were assessed using a 3T MR scanner (Siemens). Vanillin odor was presented during functional scans using a computer-controlled olfactometer.
Results and Conclusions- NC dominance was found to be independent of the lateralization of olfactory bulb volumes. Also, cerebral activations were found independent of the NC during odor perception. NC dominance is not associated with lateralized structural or functional differences in the cerebral olfactory system.
Personalized additive manufacturing of devices for the management of enteroatmospheric fistulas
Authors: Castro Francisco José Calero , Eguía Andrés Padillo , Muñoz-Cruzado Virginia Durán , Aguilar Luis Tallón , González José Tinoco , Laga Imán , de Juan Fernando de la Portilla , Ciuró Felipe Pareja , Ruiz Javier Padillo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Additive manufacturing techniques allow the customized design of medical devices according to the patient’s requirements. Enteroatmospheric fistula is a pathology that benefits from this personalization due to its extensive clinical variability since the size and morphology of the wound differ extensively among patients. Standard prosthetics do not achieve proper isolation of the wound, leading to a higher risk of infections. Currently, no effective personalized technique to isolate it has been described. In this work, we present the workflow for the design and manufacture of customized devices adapted to the fistula characteristics. For each case, a device was designed with dimensions and morphology depending on each patient’s requirements using white light scanning, CAD design, and additive manufacturing. The design and manufacture of the devices were performed in 230.50 min [184.00, 304.75]. After the placement of the device, the wound was successfully isolated from the intestinal content for 48-72h. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) was applied for 27.71 ± 13.74 days, and the device was redesigned to adapt to the wound when geometrical evolutionary changes occur during the therapy. It was observed a decrease in weekly cures from 23.63 ± 10.54 to 2.69 ± 0.65 (p = 0.001). The fistulose size was reduced longitudinal and transversally by 3.25 ± 2.56 cm and 6.06 ± 3.14 cm respectively. The wound depth also decreased by 1.94 ± 1.08 cm. In conclusion, customization through additive manufacturing is feasible and offers promising results in the generation of personalized devices for the treatment of enteroatmospheric fistula.
A worldwide systematic review of blunt abdominal aortic injury and analysis of predictors for death
Authors: Li Mingxuan , Wang Chaonan , Tu Haixia , Zhu Haitao , Guo Zhen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background Blunt abdominal aortic injury (BAAI) is characterized by diverse clinical manifestations, evaluations, and treatment criteria, while very high mortality. At present, there are few studies on BAAI, and most of them are case reports. Methods By including available case reports world widely, a systematic review regarding the data of BAAI patients in characteristics, treatments, and outcomes was performed. And regression analysis of predictors for death after BAAI was conducted. Results The systematic search of Excerpta Medica Database, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library resulted in 2,099 hits. There were 102 case reports and 1 conference abstract met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for analysis. After assessment using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist, no low-quality studies were found. Then the data of 133 BAAI patients were concluded and analyzed. The median age of these patients was 34, and there were 98 (73.7%) males. Their most common clinical manifestation was pain (65.6%). The most common severity of aortic lesion was grade A (intimal tear or intramural hematoma) (46.9%), and the most common location of aortic lesion was zone III (infrarenal aorta) (88.3%). The overall mortality after BAAI was 15.3%. On multivariable regression analysis, the risk of death after BAAI was increased in patients with lower limb ischemia [relative risk (RR), 7.137; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.154–44.161], cardiopulmonary arrest (RR, 10.250; 95% CI, 1.452–72.344), and injuries to other parts (other than abdomen and lumbar spine) of body (RR, 2.593; 95% CI, 1.189–5.655). Then on subgroup analysis, patients with BAAI in the presence of lower limb ischemia or injuries to other parts of body, whether undergoing primary or secondary operation, had lower mortality than those who underwent conservative observation (P < 0.05), but the mortality of BAAI patients who presented with cardiopulmonary arrest would not be affected by different treatment modalities (P = 1.000). Conclusions BAAI is a fatal disease. The above three variables are risk factors for death after BAAI. Operation (in any form) to BAAI patients who have these risk factors may reduce their mortality risks.
Association of urinary phthalate metabolites with estrogen receptor related cancers in American adults: A Nationwide Study 2003-2006
Authors: Li Yifan , Zhou Xianghong , Yang Qiuxiang , Jiang Zhongyuan , Hu Dan , Wang Mingda , Wang Sheng , Wei Qiang , Qiu Shi , Yang Lu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Phthalates are chemical substances widely used in human consumer goods. Studies have shown that phthalates exposure can affect the physiological function of estrogen receptor (ER). However, there is no comprehensive discussion on the association between phthalates exposure and ER-related cancer risk.
Objective: We conducted a cross-sectional study of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and self-reported ER-related cancers among 3,015 participants from two cycles of the national health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2003-2006.
Methods: Seven compounds of phthalate metabolites were examined as expoure biomarkers. We used multivariate logistic regression to estimate odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for potential confounding factors. The concentration of phthalate metabolites is non-normal distribution, so quantile and log-transformation are used for analysis. Account for urine dilution, the creatinine corrected phthalate concentration was applied in our analysis. In addition, we also conducted sensitivity analysis by gender stratification and trend test to explore whether there is a concentration increase effect, so as to explore the relationship between these seven phthalate metabolites and the risk of ER-related cancers.
Results: We observed a higher prevalence of ER-related cancers in the maximal quantile of MCNP (OR=2.37; 95%Cl=1.01-5.55) in adjusted model. Meanwhile, trend test also confirmed that MCNP had a positive trend with the risk of ER-related cancer (P=0.036). In subgroup analysis, the higher concentration of MCNP, the higher the risk of breast cancer. At the same time, the trend test verified our results: the results are positive (OR=3.68;95%Cl=1.15-11.74) (P=0.014).
Conclusion: We provide the main evidence that urinary phthalate metabolites concentrations are positively correlated with ER-related cancers. The positive relationship between MCNP exposure and breast cancer risk is more obvious in women. Further causal studies are needed to confirm the findings in our analysis and clarify the underlying mechanisms.
Temperature Range of Heating Rate Dependent Reactions Leading to Spinel Formation on a Ni-based Superalloy
Authors: Taylor Mary , Calderwood Daniel , Reynolds Thomas , Warnken Nils , Mignanelli Paul , Hardy Mark , Collins David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Improved oxidation kinetics for a polycrystalline Ni-based superalloy used in turbine disc applications has been shown to be possible by controlling the heating rate of the first thermal exposure to 5°C min− 1. The beneficial effect arises from the formation of a protective layer of NiCr2O4, instead of the more usually formed doped Cr2O3. This study shows that it was possible to form the NiCr2O4 at temperatures up to 725°C, within the operational conditions for this alloy, and that at higher temperatures Cr2O3 formed. The improvements in alloy performance extended to the internal oxidation processes where reduced depths of degradation were observed. It is demonstrated here that Al2O3 formation is less thermodynamically stable when the highly protective NiCr2O4 oxide is present at the alloy surface compared to the doped Cr2O3. Synchrotron XRD was performed on samples removed during the heating stage and provided evidence of the oxidation sequence occurring, enabling refinement in the thermodynamic calculations and suggesting an additional route to the formation of the NiCr2O4.
Effect of digestible protein on intermediate metabolism, hepatic enzyme activities, energy reserves and growth performance of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) in the finishing growth phase
Authors: Oshiro Amanda Miyuki , Khan Kifayat Ullah , Carli Gabriela Castellani , Pahor-Filho Eduardo , Sakomura Nilva Kazue , Fernandes João Batista Kochenborger , Takahashi Leonardo Susumu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

This research aimed to determine the effect of digestible protein (DP) on blood metabolites, hepatic enzyme activities, energy reserves and production characteristics of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) in the finishing growth phase. For this purpose, six semi-purified and isoenergetic diets containing graded levels (16.3, 20.1, 23.8, 27.2, 31.5 and 34.8%) of DP were fed to finishing pacu (1,100.0 ± 10.3 g, initial weight) three times daily for seven weeks. The experiment consisted of six treatments with three randomly arranged replicates (tanks) per treatment. At the end of the experimental period, the data obtained were analyzed through the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the significant difference (p < 0.05) among treatments was determined by the Tukey’s test. The blood metabolites including glucose, triglycerides, total protein and total cholesterol were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by DP while the serum ammonia concentration did not show any significant (p > 0.05) difference among the treatments. The hepatic enzyme activities including glucokinase, pyruvate kinase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, with the exception of hexokinase, as well as the energy reserves including hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic fat index, except the hepatic total lipid content, were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with DP. The growth performance parameteres including food intake, feeding rate and weight gain were significantly (p < 0.05) increased by DP. This study show that overall the pacu in the finishing growth phase fed on the relatively intermediate level of DP (23.8%) with digestible energy of 17.95 MJ kg− 1 promoted better physio-biochemical health status and production characteristics.
Craving among patients seeking treatment for substance use disorder
Authors: Cless Mallory M. , Courchesne-Krak Natasia S. , Bhatt Kush V. , Mittal Maria Luisa , Marienfeld Carla 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Craving has been implicated as a central feature of addiction and a predictor of relapse. However, a complete understanding of how craving varies across patient populations is lacking. This study aimed to better inform the effective and accurate use of craving as a clinical prognostic tool for patients with substance use disorders (SUD).
Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized information gathered on patients (n=112) entering specialty treatment for a SUD. Craving in the prior 30 days was assessed with a single item with other intake questionnaires.
Results: Patients who reported substance use in the last 30 days were more likely to report craving compared to patients who did not report substance use in the last 30 days (AOR = 6.86 [95% CI, 2.17-21.7], p-value = 0.001). Patients who reported Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity were less likely to report craving compared to patients who did not report Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity (AOR = 0.28 [95% CI, 0.08-0.95], p-value = 0.04). There was no association between craving and Adverse Childhood Events (OR = 1.03 [95% CI, 0.84-1.25], p-value = 0.81).
Conclusion: The association between recent substance use and craving supports previous findings. The observed variation in craving among patients who report Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity is novel and suggests socio-cultural influences and possibly genetic factors influencing reported craving amongst patients. Additional research is needed to further understand the underlying factors leading to this finding, in order for better utilization of craving as a clinical indicator across patient populations.
Screening of Methylmercury-Resistance in Bacterial Culture Strains Isolated from Soil of Oak Ridge Reservation Site, USA
Authors: Marechal Walker , Stewart Whitley , Badisa Veera LD , Mwashote Benjamin , Jagoe Charles , Ibeanusi Victor 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a highly toxic heavy metal that severely threatens biota worldwide and causes neurotoxicity in humans. The seriousness of toxicity of this neurotoxin is characterized by its ability to augment food chains. The general population is primarily exposed to MeHg by consuming contaminated fish and other marine food. In this study, Pseudomonas sp. strains SM-1, SM-2, SM-3, SM-4, SM-5, SM-6, SM-8, and SM-11 previously isolated from contaminated soil at the Oak Ridge Reservation site, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facility, were screened for methylmercury (MeHg) tolerance level through the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using Bioscreen C Pro automated microbiology growth curve analysis system. The results showed that these bacterial strains exhibited the MeHg MIC, which ranged from 1250 to 2000 µg/L. Overall, data indicated that the Pseudomonas strains could grow at high methylmercury concentrations and could be tested for remediation of MeHg in polluted environmental samples.
Did Labour Migration Programs and Policies Perform or Reform?
Circular Migration in India during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wasdani Kishinchand Poornima , Priya Devi S , Sailesh Savita 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The Government of India through its programs and policies intended to help migrant workers with work, food, travel, and shelter needs that were attenuated by virtue of their informal nature of work and lockdown situations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The shortfalls in the programs and policies for migrants during the lockdown could not help migrant workers meet even the basic needs in their migrated Indian state (for work), as observed from personal accounts of migrant workers and news reports, leading to their decision to return to their home States. It was initially assumed that these workers would not return back to their work State* once they reach their homes. But the authors were intrigued by the decision of the migrants to return back in spite of the grave difficulties they faced in the work State during the pandemic and the struggles they underwent in going back to their home States**, leading to an exodus of circular migration. Using the grounded theory approach, this phenomenon of circular migration was analyzed through the lens of performance and reformation of policies (and programs) as an institutional representation of the Indian government. Using the snowball sampling technique, 27 migrant workers employed in Tamil Nadu (an Indian State) but hailing from different Indian States were interviewed to capture the first-hand experience of these workers during the first episode of the pandemic-imposed lockdown between April 2020 and December 2020. It was inferred from the analysis that when both new and amended policies failed to meet the needs of migrants in their work State, the ‘need to belong’ to their familial structures was held superior and hence the workers went back to their home States. Nevertheless, even the policies in their home States did not perform any differently. Hence, within a few months, to meet their ‘economic needs’, the migrants again returned or planned to return to their work State leading to circular migration amidst the concerns for their own health, survival anxieties, and livelihood challenges.
*Work State-An Indian State where the individuals migrated for work
**Home State-An Indian State where the individuals were born and raised