bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Argentinian landscape of mycological diagnostic capacity and treatment accessibility
Authors: Riera Fernando , Caeiro Juan Pablo , Cornely Oliver A , Salmanton-García Jon ,   Argentinian IFI diagnostic and treatment capacity group, Reyes Nahir Daniela Anahí , Morales Adria , Oyola María Carolina , Messina Fernando A , Atorri Silvia , Bertone Juan Manuel , Lambert Sanra , Costantini Patricia , Cuello Alejandra , Stefanini Lucas , Arce Veronica , Alaniz Valeria , Cikman Fernando , Garzón María Isabel , Marianelli Leonardo , Bernachea Paula , Angélica Miriam , Castellano Farias , Lerman Damian , Bangher María , Frola María Soledad , Méndez Gustavo A , Morera Graciana , Raimondo Mariana Rodríguez , Lipari Flavio , Guerci Marcia , Maillard Diego Varela 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Immunosuppressed patients, transplant recipients, and those with acute or chronic respiratory disease are at increased risk for invasive fungal infections in Argentina. Although the national public system guarantees universal access to health care for all citizens, little is known about the quality of available diagnostic and treatment armamentaria for invasive fungal infections in the country. Between June and August 2022, infectious disease clinicians from each of the 23 provinces and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires were contacted to describe local access to fungal diagnostic tools and antifungal agents. The information collected included different aspects such as hospital characteristics, patients admitted and wards, access to diagnostic tools, estimated infection incidence, and treatment capacity. Thirty responses were collected from facilities throughout Argentina. Most institutions were governmental (77%). A mycology department was available in 83% of them. Histopathology was available in almost 93% of the sites, while automated methods and galactomannan tests were available in 57%, each; 53% of the sites had access to MALDI-TOF-MS through regional reference laboratories, and PCR was present in 20% of the sites. Susceptibility testing was available in 63% of the laboratories. Candida spp. (24%), Cryptococcus spp. (20%), Aspergillus spp. (18%), and Histoplasma spp. (16%) were described as the main pathogens. Fluconazole was the only antifungal agent available in all institutions. This was followed by amphotericin B deoxycholate (83%) and itraconazole (80%). If an antifungal agent was not available onsite, then 60% of the patients could receive adequate antifungal treatment within the first 48 h upon request. Although there are no significant differences in access to diagnostic and clinical management of invasive fungal infections among the Argentinean centres studied, national awareness-raising initiatives led by policymakers could help to improve their general availability.
Accreting neutron stars: composition of the upper layers of the inner crust
Authors: Shchechilin N N , Gusakov M E , Chugunov A I 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We model the nuclear evolution of an accreted matter as it sinks toward the stellar center, in order to find its composition and equation of state. To this aim, we developed a simplified reaction network that allows for redistribution of free neutrons in the inner crust to satisfy the recently suggested neutron hydrostatic and diffusion equilibrium condition. We analyse the main reaction pathways for the three representative thermonuclear ash compositions: Superburst, Kepler, and Extreme rp. In contrast to the previous results, which neglect redistribution of free (unbound) neutrons in the inner crust, the most significant reactions in our calculations are neutron captures and electron emissions. The pycnonuclear fusion plays some role only for Kepler ashes. For the direct application of our results in astrophysical codes we present profiles of the average charge, 〈Z〉, impurity parameter, Qimp and equation of state for a set of models, parametrized by the pressure at the outer-inner crust interface. Typically, for Superburst ashes Qimp ≈ 1 − 4, while for Kepler ashes Qimp decreases from ≈23 at the outer-inner crust interface to ≈5 at the end of our simulation (the corresponding density equals ρdc ≈ 2 × 1012 g cm−3). At the same time, for Extreme rp ashes Qimp remains large ≈30 − 35 in the considered inner crust region. Our results are important for modeling the thermal relaxation of transiently accreting neutron stars after the end of the outburst.
Recent astrophysical observations reproduced by a short-range correlated van der Waals-type model?
Authors: Rodrigues E H , Dutra M , Lourenço O 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
We perform an improvement in a van der Waals-type model by including its effects of short-range correlations (SRCs). Attractive and repulsive parts of the nucleon–nucleon interaction are assumed to be density-dependent functions, more specifically, we adopt the Carnahan–Starling (CS) method for the latter, and a suitable expression for the former in order to reproduce the structure of the Clausius (C) real gas model. The parametrizations of the resulting model, named as Clausius-–Carnahan–Starling (CCS)-SRC model, are shown to be capable of reproducing the flow constraint at the high-density regime of symmetric nuclear matter for incompressibility values inside the range of K0 = (240 ± 20) MeV. In the context of stellar matter, our findings point out a good agreement of the CCS-SRC model with recent astrophysical observational data, namely, mass–radius contours and dimensionless tidal deformability regions and values, coming from gravitational waves data related to the GW170817 and GW190425 events, and from the NASA’s Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer mission. Furthermore, the values for the symmetry energy slope of the model (L0) are in agreement with a recent range found for this quantity, claimed to be consistent with results reported by the updated lead radius experiment (PREX-2) collaboration. In this case, higher values of L0 are favoured, while the opposite scenario does not allow simultaneous compatibility between the model and the astrophysical data.
3D Global climate model of an exo-Venus: a modern Venus-like atmosphere for the nearby super-Earth LP 890-9 c
Authors: Quirino Diogo , Gilli Gabriella , Kaltenegger Lisa , Navarro Thomas , Fauchez Thomas J , Turbet Martin , Leconte Jérémy , Lebonnois Sébastien , González-Galindo Francisco 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The recently discovered super-Earth LP 890-9 c is an intriguing target for atmospheric studies as it transits a nearby, low-activity late-type M-dwarf star at the inner edge of the Habitable Zone. Its position at the runaway greenhouse limit makes it a natural laboratory to study the climate evolution of hot rocky planets. We present the first 3D-Global Climate Model exo-Venus model for a modern Venus-like atmosphere (92 bar surface pressure, realistic composition, and H2SO4 radiatively-active clouds), applied to the tidally-locked LP 890-9 c to inform observations by JWST and future instruments. If LP 890-9 c has developed into a modern exo-Venus, then the modelled temperatures suggest that H2SO4 clouds are possible even in the substellar region. Like on modern Venus, clouds on LP 890-9 c would create a flat spectrum. The strongest CO2 bands in transmission predicted by our model for LP 890-9 c are about 10 ppm, challenging detection, given JWST estimated noise floor. Estimated phase curve amplitudes are 0.9 and 2.4 ppm for continuum and CO2 bands, respectively. While pointing out the challenge to characterise modern exo-Venus analogues, these results provide new insights for JWST proposals and highlight the influence of clouds in the spectrum of hot rocky exoplanet spectra.
#4181 THE AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE PROTEIN, FPC, RELEASES MITOCHONDRIA LOCALISING FRAGMENTS INVOLVED IN PREVENTING CYSTOGENESIS
Authors: Walker Rebecca , Xu Hangxue , Maranto Anthony , Outeda Patricia , Watnick Terry , Qian Feng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease is caused by mutations in PKHD1 encoding FPC, and is characterized by severe renal cystogenesis in neonates, yet mouse models do not fully recapitulate the human phenotype. Indeed, even the Pkhd1 null allele does not cause renal cystogenesis in the mouse. Several cleavage products of FPC are reported yet their function remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the function of the FPC cleavage products and their effects on cyst development in ARPKD.

Method
Three Pkhd1 mutant mouse lines and the cystic Pkd1V mouse were crossed to produce digenic mice with which to study renal cystogenesis. Biochemical analysis was used to investigate FPC cleavage patterns using a panel of new antibodies. Cell models and electron microscopy revealed underlying mitochondrial defects in Pkhd1 Knockout mice.

Results
Pkhd1 mutation modifies a Pkd1 uncleavable mutant (Pkd1V), enhancing the cystic phenotype in both the kidney and pancreas. The hypomorphic Pkhd1 mutant and Pkhd1 KO both enhance the Pkd1V kidney phenotype, making distal tubule cysts more severe and initiating cystogenesis in the proximal tubules. FPC displays differential cleavage to produce fragments of unknown function. New antibodies were generated to interrogate FPC cleavage products. Three small C terminal cleavage fragments were identified which contain a mitochondrial targeting sequence and are recruited to mitochondria. Mitochondrial ultrastructural changes were evident after deletion of Pkhd1 including mitochondrial fragmentation and dilated cristae, suggesting disrupted mitochondrial function. Deletion of just the C-terminal fragment of FPC (ΔCT), the portion that directly corresponds to the portion that cleaves and localises to the mitochondria, is sufficient to enhance the renal cystic phenotype of the PC1 cleavage mutant. Unlike the other Pkhd1 mutants however, FPC (ΔCT) does not result in the pancreatic cystogenesis when combined with Pkd1V, suggesting that the FPC C terminus in not required to prevent pancreatic cyst development.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that the C-terminus of FPC plays an important role in preventing renal cystogenesis via a newly discovered mitochondria specific function. Our work reveal some aspects of FPC's function, in particular a previously unrecognised mitochondria function that is mediated through FPC cleavage products and is essential in the kidney to prevent the enhancement of cystogenesis in the digenic model.
#6225 MICROPLASTICS: FIRST EXTENDED PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS ON KIDNEY TUBULAR CELLS
Authors: Cervello Carla , Bruschi Maurizio , Candiano Giovanni , Kajana Xhuliana , Garbarino Andrea , Rumeo Noemi , Petretto Andrea , Cravedi Paolo , Gentile Micaela , Angeletti Andrea , Lugani Francesca , Ghiggeri Gian Marco , Verrina Enrico Eugenio , Bigatti Carolina , Giordano Paolo , Esposito Pasquale , Viazzi Francesca , Verzola Daniela , La Porta Edoardo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Several studies have shown the ubiquitous presence of microplastics (plastic fragments between 5 mm and 1 μm in diameter) and nanoplastics (&lt;1 μm) in the environment and their toxicity. Furthermore, microplastics (MPs) absorb a lot of environmental pollutants, such as bisphenol A (BPA), and release them into tissues increasing their toxicity; this is the so called “Trojan Horse” effect. Recent studies have also proved their presence in human blood and human tissues of healthy people, such as placenta and lung, and in cirrhotic liver. Most frequent biological effects of MPs are inflammation, oxidative stress and alteration of metabolic pathways. In this study proteomic analysis was performed to evaluate the toxicity of polyethylene (PE) and bisphenol-A (BPA) MPs on renal tubular cells (HK2) in vitro. This is the first extended proteomic study on human cells.

Method
HK-2 cultures were exposed for 5-24-48 hours to BPA, PE Microspheres (PE-MP) and MP combined with BPA. Then it was performed a proteomic analysis by mass spectrometry (MS). MS data were obtain by Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid mass spectrometer (ThermoScientific). Analysis of data were performed using unsupervised hierarchical clustering using multidimensional scaling, non-linear support vector machine (SVM) learning, and partial least squares discriminant analysis. In SVM learning, a fourfold cross-validation approach was applied to estimate the prediction and classification accuracy.

Results
The proteomic analysis showed a clear differentiation of the HK2 proteome based on conditioning and identified a “core” of proteins, significant at ANOVA and above the 95th percentile for “fold increase” and significant at T-test compared with controls, highly discriminatory between groups. Finally, among these, a final set of 6 proteins was selected to be validated for distinguishing features: Nephronectin, GDF15, Vasorin, IGFBP7, Midkine, Tissue factor-F3. Nephronectin is a structural membrane's protein involved in cellular adhesion. GDF15, tissue factor F3 and midkine are markers of stress conditions, including inflammation and oxidative stress. IGFBP7 is a biomarker of acute kidney damage. Vasorin is a transmembrane glycoprotein that protects against apoptosis and fibrosis.

Conclusion
MP and BPA significantly modify the protein expression in renal tubular cells. These findings highlight the urgent need for additional research into the toxic effects of plastic debris on human kidneys and the eventual link to kidney diseases.
#2561 URINE PROTEOMICS FOR PREDICTION OF DISEASE PROGRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH IGA NEPHROPATHY
Authors: Peters Björn , Beige Joachim , Siwy Justyna , Rudnicki Michael , Wendt Ralph , Ortiz Alberto , Sanz Ana Belen , Mischak Harald , Reich Heather , Nasic Salmir , Mahmood Dana , Persson Anders , Fernström Anders , Weiner Maria , Stegmayr Bernd 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) may lead to kidney failure. The urinary proteomics biomarker-based classifier (IgAN237) may predict progression at the time of kidney biopsy [1]. We now studied whether IgAN237 predicts disease progression not only at the time of biopsy but also later in the course of IgAN.

Method
Urine samples from 103 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry at baseline (IgAN237 score-1) and 89 also at follow-up (IgAN237 score-2). Patients were grouped into ‘non-progressors’ (IgAN237 score ≤0.38 Units) and ‘progressors’ (IgAN237 score &gt;0.38 Units). Historical and follow-up data included, e.g., estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)-slopes, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR)-slopes and medication. Multiple logistic regression analysis, using a stepwise model, was done with progressors and non-progressors as dependent factors including explanatory variables age, sex, eGFR- and UACR-slopes.

Results
Median age at biopsy was 44 years (range 11-92); 63% were male. Median interval between biopsy and IgAN237 score-1 was 65 months (0-606), and between IgAN237 score-1 and score-2 was 258 days (71-531). IgAN237 score-1 and score-2 values did not differ significantly and were correlated (rho = 0.44, p&lt;0.001). Twenty-eight and 26% of patients were classified as progressors based on IgAN237 score-1 and score-2, respectively. The IgAN237 score inversely correlated with the chronic eGFR slopes (rho = -0.278, p = 0.02 for score-1; rho = -0.409, p = 0.002 for score-2) and with ±180days eGFR slopes (rho = -0.31, p = 0.009 and rho = -0.439, p = 0.001, respectively) (Figure 1). The ±180days eGFR-slopes were more reduced for progressors than non-progressors (median -5.98 versus -1.22 mL/min/1.73m2 per year for score-1, p&lt;0.001; -3.02 vs 1.08 mL/min/1.73m2 per year for score-2, p = 0.047) (Figure 2). The only significant variable maintained in a multiple logistic regression analysis for IgAN237 score-1 (progressor vs non-progressor) was ±180days eGFR slope (p&lt;0.001) and for IgAN237 score-2 the UACR (p = 0.002) and age at baseline (p = 0.016).

Conclusion
The urinary IgAN237 classifier represents a risk stratification tool in IgAN not only at the time of biopsy but also later in the course of the disease. It may guide physicians in management and follow-up strategies in an individualized manner.
#3895 COMPARABLE RENO-CARDIAC PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF SGLT2 INHIBITION VERSUS DPP-4 INHIBITION IN DIABETIC KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS: KUWAIT EXPERIENCE
Authors: Alotaibi Torki , Gheith Osama Ashry Ahmed , Elsayed Zakaria , Yahya Ahmed , Shaker Mohamed , Khalid Mahmoud , Emam Mohamed , Hammad Muhammad , Nagib Ayman Maher , Mostafa Mohamed , Denewar Ahmed , Zahab Mohamed Ahmed Abdulkhalek , Nair Prasad , Elserwy Nashwa , Elserwy Nabil 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Diabetes is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) globally. The renal and cardio-vascular benefits of the new anti-diabetic agents are not assessed comprehensively. We aimed to evaluate the short term renal and cardio-protective effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibition (SGLT2i) Vs. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 Inhibition (DPP4i) among diabetic kidney transplant recipients.

Method
In this observational trial, 222 diabetic kidney transplants recipients (NODAT or type 2 diabetes) were enrolled and were categorized into two groups. Group 1 (n = 99) received SGLT2i while group 2(n = 123) received DPP4i as an add on antidiabetic medications. All patients in the two groups were followed up for 12 months.

Results
Most patients in the two groups (1&2) were men (59.6 vs. 61.7%, p = 0.73) in their middle age (58.5±11.9 vs. 54.4±12.9, p = 0.016) years respectively. The two groups were matched regarding their demographics especially the type of donor, type of immunosuppression (induction or maintenance), number of cardiovascular events before enrollment in the study and the number of patients who were maintained on ACEi or ARB(p&gt;0.05). The minority of patients were smokers (12.9 vs.8.7%), and chronic glomerulonephritis was the original disease in 36.4 vs. 35.4% in the two groups, respectively. Most of the enrolled patients (72.8 vs. 78.6%) underwent hemodialysis pre-transplant. During follow up period, patients in both groups were comparable regarding mean blood pressure, body weight, HbA1C, 24-hour urine protein, and graft function (represented by the mean serum creatinine) at different time intervals and compared to base line values(p&gt;0.05). However, the mean HbA1C was significantly higher in group 1 during the whole follow up period of the study (p&lt;0.05) but it did not drop significantly compared to baseline values (p&gt;0.05). We did not report any macroangiopathic events (cerebral stroke, acute myocardial infection, or peripheral arterial disease) in the two groups during the study.

Conclusion
Both GLT2i and DPP-4 I are comparable regarding renal and cardio-vascular protection among diabetic kidney transplant recipients.
#4499 MATCHING-ADJUSTED INDIRECT COMPARISON OF SPARSENTAN VS DELAYED-RELEASE FORMULATION BUDESONIDE FOR PROTEINURIA REDUCTION IN ADULTS WITH IGA NEPHROPATHY
Authors: Chai Xinglei , Bensink Mark , Gao Sophie , Gong Wu , Diva Ulysses , Hendry Bruce , Mercer Alex , Zhou Jenny 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is a rare kidney disorder characterized by deposition of IgA in the glomeruli and associated with a reduction in renal function and increased risk of kidney failure [1,2]. In the absence of head-to-head trials, this study used matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC)[3] of randomized control trial data to compare 9-month efficacy outcomes between potential treatment options for IgA nephropathy, sparsentan and recently FDA and EMA approved delayed-release formulation budesonide [4,5].

Method
An unanchored MAIC was conducted using individual patient level data from the PROTECT trial for sparsentan and aggregate data from the NefIgArd trial for delayed-release formulation budesonide. Patients in the sparsentan arm of PROTECT were weighted to match the key baseline characteristics of patients in the budesonide delayed-release formulation arm of NefIgArd. After matching, the percentage reduction of urine protein-creatinine ratio (UPCR) at Month 9 relative to baseline were compared between sparsentan and delayed-release formulation budesonide. A two-tailed z-test was performed to estimate the p-value.

Results
Assessment of cross-trial heterogeneities suggested that PROTECT and NefIgArd trials were sufficiently similar in terms of patient population, key inclusion and exclusion criteria, and outcome definitions; however, due to differences in control arms (renin-angiotensin system blocker [RASB] optimization), an unanchored MAIC (comparing treatment arms directly) was selected. After matching, all matched baseline patient characteristics were well-balanced between corresponding treatment arms of the two trials. The comparative results showed that patients treated with sparsentan achieved a greater mean percentage reduction in UPCR at 9 months from baseline compared to budesonide-treated patients (p-value withheld pending FDA approval of sparsentan due to regulatory requirements).

Conclusion
The MAIC results showed that sparsentan was associated with a significantly larger percentage reduction in UPCR, a recognized surrogate of long-term kidney outcomes, from baseline to month 9 compared with delayed-release formulation budesonide.