bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High performance anion exchange chromatography purification of probiotic bacterial extracellular vesicles enhances purity and anti‐inflammatory efficacy
Authors: Pirolli Nicholas H. , Reus Laura Samantha C. , Mamczarz Zuzanna , Khan Sulayman , Bentley William E. , Jay Steven M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs), including outer membrane vesicles, have emerged as a promising new class of vaccines and therapeutics to treat cancer and inflammatory diseases, among other applications. However, clinical translation of BEVs is hindered by a current lack of scalable and efficient purification methods. Here, we address downstream BEV biomanufacturing limitations by developing a method for orthogonal size‐ and charge‐based BEV enrichment using tangential flow filtration (TFF) in tandem with high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC). The data show that size‐based separation coisolated protein contaminants, whereas size‐based TFF with charged‐based HPAEC dramatically improved purity of BEVs produced by probiotic Gram‐negative Escherichia coli and Gram‐positive lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Escherichia coli BEV purity was quantified using established biochemical markers while improved LAB BEV purity was assessed via observed potentiation of anti‐inflammatory bioactivity. Overall, this work establishes orthogonal TFF + HPAEC as a scalable and efficient method for BEV purification that holds promise for future large‐scale biomanufacturing of therapeutic BEV products.
Thermostability enhancement of polyethylene terephthalate degrading PETase using self‐ and nonself‐ligating protein scaffolding approaches
Authors: Sana Barindra , Ding Ke , Siau Jia Wei , Pasula Rupali Reddy , Chee Sharon , Kharel Sharad , Lena Jean‐Baptise Henri , Goh Eunice , Rajamani Lakshminarayanan , Lam Yeng Ming , Lim Sierin , Ghadessy John F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) hydrolase enzymes show promise for enzymatic PET degradation and green recycling of single‐use PET vessels representing a major source of global pollution. Their full potential can be unlocked with enzyme engineering to render activities on recalcitrant PET substrates commensurate with cost‐effective recycling at scale. Thermostability is a highly desirable property in industrial enzymes, often imparting increased robustness and significantly reducing quantities required. To date, most engineered PET hydrolases show improved thermostability over their parental enzymes. Here, we report engineered thermostable variants of Ideonella sakaiensis PET hydrolase enzyme (IsPETase) developed using two scaffolding strategies. The first employed SpyCatcher‐SpyTag technology to covalently cyclize IsPETase, resulting in increased thermostability that was concomitant with reduced turnover of PET substrates compared to native IsPETase. The second approach using a GFP‐nanobody fusion protein (vGFP) as a scaffold yielded a construct with a melting temperature of 80°C. This was further increased to 85°C when a thermostable PETase variant (FAST PETase) was scaffolded into vGFP, the highest reported so far for an engineered PET hydrolase derived from IsPETase. Thermostability enhancement using the vGFP scaffold did not compromise activity on PET compared to IsPETase. These contrasting results highlight potential topological and dynamic constraints imposed by scaffold choice as determinants of enzyme activity.
Industry 5.0 and the future of sustainable manufacturing: A systematic literature review
Authors: Narkhede Ganesh , Pasi Bhaveshkumar , Rajhans Neela , Kulkarni Atul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIndustry 5.0 (I5.0) is all set to come into the limelight when Industry 4.0 (I4.0) has not yet fully matured and still gaining ground in growing economies. The general notion of I5.0 is discussed in the existing literature on the subject domain, but there are no adequate studies in the literature that examine its implications. Therefore, systematic literature review method is adopted to: explore the understanding of I5.0; identify the opportunities for I5.0; highlight the challenges in I5.0 implementation; investigate the effects of I5.0 on economic, environmental, and social pillars of sustainability; and propose a framework for effective implementation of I5.0 concept in manufacturing enterprises. This article aims to stand on an unbiased assessment to ascertain the landscape occupied by I5.0 and the results of the comprehensive review offer insightful conclusions. I5.0 represents a paradigm shift that emphasizes the integration of advanced technologies with human‐centric approaches. This paper critically analyzes the key pillars and highlights the potential to enhance sustainability in manufacturing. Furthermore, the implications of I5.0 for sustainable manufacturing practices are explored. The paper also investigates its potential to address environmental concerns and promote eco‐friendly manufacturing practices. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, industry leaders, and technology providers in implementing sustainable manufacturing practices on their I5.0 journey. In addition, the proposed I5.0 framework will serve as a basis for further investigations on how to apply the concept of I5.0 in other sectors.
Conventional and assisted suicide in Switzerland: Insights into a divergent development based on cancer‐associated self‐initiated deaths
Authors: Güth Uwe , Junker Christoph , Elger Bernice Simone , Elfgen Constanze , Montagna Giacomo , Schneeberger Andres R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe tested the hypothesis of supporters of assisted dying that assisted suicide (AS) might be able to prevent cases of conventional suicide (CS).MethodsBy using data from the Federal Statistical Office, we analyzed the long‐term development of 30,756 self‐initiated deaths in Switzerland over a 20‐year period (1999–2018; CS: n = 22,018, AS: n = 8738), focusing on people suffering from cancer who died from AS or CS.ResultsWhile cancer was the most often listed principal disease for AS (n = 3580, 41.0% of AS cases), cancer was listed in only a small minority of CS cases (n = 832, 3.8% of CS cases). There was a significant increase in the absolute number of cancer‐associated AS cases: comparing four 5‐year periods, there was approximately a doubling of cases every 5 years (1999–2003: n = 228 vs.2004–2008: n = 474, +108% compared with the previous period; 2009–2013: n = 920, +94%; 2014–2018: n = 1958, +113%). The ratio of cancer‐associated AS in relationship with all cancer‐associated deaths increased over time to 2.3% in the last observation period (2014–2018). In parallel, the numbers of cancer‐associated CS showed a downward trend only at the beginning of the observation period (1999–2003, n = 240 vs. 2004–2008, n = 199, −17%). Thereafter, the number of cases remained stable in the subsequent 5‐year period (2009–2013, n = 187, −6%), and increased again toward the most recent period (2014–2018, n = 206, +10%).ConclusionThe assumption that, with the increasingly accessible option of AS for patients with cancer, CS suicide will become “superfluous” cannot be confirmed. There are strong reasons indicating that situations and circumstances of cancer‐associated CS are different from those for cancer‐associated AS.
Treatment stratification and prognosis assessment using circulating tumor DNA in locally advanced rectal cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mi Junjie , Wang Rong , Han Xiaofang , Ma Ruijun , Zhao Danyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is an emerging biomarker for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), giving hope for stratified treatment. As the completed studies have small sample sizes and different experimental methods, systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed to explore their role in predicting pathological complete response (pCR), tumor recurrence, and prognosis.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science were searched for potentially eligible studies published up to September 6, 2022. Pooled relative risk (RR) was calculated to predict pCR and tumor recurrence, and pooled hazard ratio (HR) was calculated to evaluate the prognosis of overall survival (OS), recurrence‐free survival (RFS), and metastasis‐free survival (MRS).ResultsTwelve studies published between 2018 and 2022 included 931 patients, and 2544 serum samples were eventually included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled revealed that ctDNA‐negative patients were more likely to have a pCR (RR = 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26–2.12). The pooled revealed that ctDNA‐positive patients were at high risk of recurrence (RR = 3.37, 95% CI: 2.34–4.85) and had a poorer prognosis for OS (HR = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.86–4.95), RFS (HR = 7.08, 95% CI: 4.12–12.14), and MRS (HR = 2.77, 95% CI: 2.01–3.83).ConclusionctDNA may be useful for stratifying treatment and assessing prognosis in patients with LARC, but its clinical application still needs to be confirmed in a prospective multicenter study with large samples.
Management and prognosis of a vital cracked tooth by occlusal veneer for 14 months: A case report
Authors: Wang Mengke , Hong Yingying , Hou Xiaomei , Pu Yinfei 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageAn occlusal veneer is an ultrathin restoration method and a minimally invasive approach that can preserve more dental tissue and provide better aesthetic outcomes, thus increasing patient satisfaction.AbstractAn occlusal veneer is an ultrathin restoration method and a minimally invasive approach that can preserve more dental tissue and provide better aesthetic outcomes, thus increasing patient satisfaction; however, no previous studies reported on treating cracked teeth using occlusal veneer. Accordingly, we described the diagnosis and treatment process of a cracked tooth using occlusal veneer in a single case. A 29‐year‐old male presented at our dental clinic complaining of biting pain in the mandibular molar on the right‐hand side. A routine oral examination with radiography was performed to evaluate the oral condition and treatment planning. The #16 tooth had a crack line surrounding the whole distal–lingual cusp from the occlusal surface. After discussing various therapeutic options with the patient, an occlusal veneer was performed. One week after treatment with occlusal veneer, the patient had no complaints. A 14‐month follow‐up showed promising clinical and radiographic outcomes. Occlusal veneer is an alternative treatment option for a cracked tooth, as it can preserve more dental tissue and potentially save pulp vitality.
Management of a giant pleomorphic adenoma of the soft palate: A case report
Authors: Nnko Kanankira A. , Rwakatema Deogratius S. , Mariki Jackson M. , Baraka Calvin J. , Pima Raphael T. , Damas Sosthenes , Mremi Alex 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageBenign mixed salivary gland tumor is comprised of epithelial and myoepithelial cells and represents up to 80% of tumors of the parotid gland. It is relatively rare in the soft palate and in other minor salivary glands. Surgery is the standard care.AbstractSalivary gland tumors are relatively rare and morphologically diverse group of lesions. Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common salivary gland tumor, accounting for approximately 80% of all major and minor salivary gland tumors. PA usually affects the parotid gland. Huge PA occurring in soft palate is extremely rare. Patients with these tumors are usually between at the age of 40 and 60 years. The tumors exhibit pleomorphic nature microscopically that may pose diagnostic challenges to pathologists as may confuse PA histopathologically with other salivary gland tumors. Surgery is the standard treatment. The purpose of writing this case study is to describe unusual case of a giant PA of the soft palate found in a 44‐year‐old male successfully managed at our facility.
Flow Pattern and Mixing Performance of a Dynamic Impinging Stream Reactor
Authors: Zhang Jianwei , Zhang Zhongchuang , Xu Rui , Feng Ying , Dong Xin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe mixing process of a dynamic impinging stream reactor was measured by planar laser induced fluorescence. The fluid flow pattern and mixing characteristics were studied under different conditions. The flow field was divided into the following regions by flow pattern: free jet region, impingement region, radial jet region, and radial vortex region. The mixing characteristics were analyzed under different operational conditions. The mixing time first decreased and then increased with increasing nozzle spacing. The mixing time decreased with increasing outlet velocity difference and outlet average velocity, and the optimal working conditions were nozzle spacing L = 4d, where d is nozzle diameter, outlet velocity difference vd = 1 m s−1, and outlet average velocity vp = 1.7 m s−1.
Elucidating the Influence of Intercalated Anions in NiFe LDH on the Electrocatalytic Behavior of OER: A Kinetic Study
Authors: Berger Maike , Popa Ioana M. , Negahdar Leila , Palkovits Stefan , Kaufmann Bastian , Pilaski Moritz , Hoster Harry , Palkovits Regina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe oxygen evolution reaction (OER) as one half‐cell reaction of electrochemical water splitting has a fundamental impact on water splitting efficiency and thus on the competitiveness of electrochemically generated hydrogen in the energy market. Nickel‐iron layered double hydroxides (NiFe LDH) are among the most promising electrocatalysts for efficient OER under alkaline conditions. Despite intensive research, correlations of the material properties and the resulting kinetically limiting surface processes are poorly investigated. This work focuses on the kinetic behavior of NiFe LDH catalysts containing different anions in the basal spacing in alkaline OER. Steady‐state Tafel plots, impedance measurements as well as reaction order plots were used to elucidate differences in the catalytic performance. All catalysts showed a dual Tafel behavior and fractional reaction orders. For kinetic modelling, the physisorbed hydrogen peroxide mechanism and Temkin adsorption model were adopted to fit experimental data. Our study showed that the intercalated anions affect the kinetics of rate determining steps. The hypophosphite intercalated LDH possessed the highest OER activity and the first step as rate determining. While for both carbonate and borate intercalated NiFe LDH, the second step proved to be rate determining in the low Tafel region, while the first step was found to be rate‐limiting in the high Tafel region.
What tool do undergraduate pharmacy students prefer when grading systematic review evidence: AMSTAR‐2 or ROBIS?
Authors: Lee Shaun W. H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionWhile systematic reviews (SRs) are considered the highest form of evidence in the hierarchy, the quality and standard of reviews varies. Two quality assessment tools have been developed to assess the variation in such standards. This study compared the preference, validity, reliability, and applicability of using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR‐2) and the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) for critically appraising evidence by pharmacy students.Materials and MethodsStudents attended eight lectures on evidence‐based medicine. Students independently assessed two SRs using AMSTAR‐2 and ROBIS. The agreement between both tools were calculated using Spearman's test while interrater reliability was calculated using Fleiss' κ statistics.ResultsStudents reported a preference for the AMSTAR‐2 tool due to its clear and distinct rating criteria as well as guidance provided by the tool's developer. In comparison, students found the items on the ROBIS tool difficult to judge as it was subjective. A moderate agreement between both tools on the overall domain ratings was noted (Spearman rs = 0.60). There was slight agreement in the overall confidence using AMSTAR‐2 (κ = 0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01–0.12) and the overall domain in ROBIS (κ = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.01–0.16).ConclusionThe AMSTAR‐2 tool had a low level of concordance in ratings of review among students. However, the AMSTAR‐2 tool was preferred by students due to the clear guidance and ease of use.
Smolyak Scheme for solving the Schrödinger equation: Application to Malonaldehyde in Full Dimensionality
Authors: Lauvergnat David , Nauts André 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn 1963 Smolyak introduced an approach to overcome the exponential scaling with respect to the number of variables of the direct product size [S. A. Smolyak Soviet Mathematics Doklady, 4, 240 (1963)]. The main idea is to replace a single large direct product by a sum of selected small direct products. It was first used in quantum dynamics in 2009 by Avila and Carrington [G. Avila and T. Carrington, J. Chem. Phys., 131, 174103 (2009)]. Since then, several calculations have been published by Avila and Carrington and by other groups. In the present study, and to push the limit to larger and more complex systems, this scheme is combined with the use of an on‐the‐fly calculation of the kinetic energy operator and a Block‐Davidson procedure to obtain eigenstates in our home‐made Fortran codes, ElVibRot and Tnum‐Tana. This was applied to compute the tunneling splitting of malonaldehyde in full dimensionality (21D) using the potential of Mizukami et al. [W. Mizukami, S. Habershon, and D.P. Tew, J. Chem. Phys. 141, 1443–10 (2014)]. Our tunneling splitting calculations, 21.7±0.3 cm−1 and 2.9±0.1 cm−1, show excellent agreement with the experimental values, 21.6 cm−1 and 2.9 cm−1 for the normal isotopologue and the mono‐deuterated one, respectively.
Applying Optical Tweezers with TIRF Microscopy to Quantify Physical Interactions Between Organelles in the Plant Endomembrane System
Authors: Fletcher Eleanor M. , Bateman Benji C. , Botchway Stanley W. , Ward Andrew D. , Sparkes Imogen A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlant organelles are associated with each other through tethering proteins at membrane contact sites (MCS). Methods such as total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) optical tweezers allow us to probe organelle interactions in live plant cells. Optical tweezers (focused infrared laser beams) can trap organelles that have a different refractive index to their surrounding medium (cytosol), whilst TIRF allows us to simultaneously image behaviors of organelles in the thin region of cortical cytoplasm. However, few MCS tethering proteins have so far been identified and tested in a quantitative manner. Automated routines (such as setting trapping laser power and controlling the stage speed and distance) mean we can quantify organelle interactions in a repeatable and reproducible manner. Here we outline a series of protocols which describe laser calibrations required to collect robust data sets, generation of fluorescent plant material (Nicotiana tabacum, tobacco), how to set up an automated organelle trapping routine, and how to quantify organelle interactions (particularly organelle interactions with the endoplasmic reticulum). TIRF‐optical tweezers enable quantitative testing of putative tethering proteins to reveal their role in plant organelle associations at MCS. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Microscope system set‐up and stabilityBasic Protocol 2: Generation of transiently expressed fluorescent tobacco tissue by Agrobacterium‐mediated infiltrationBasic Protocol 3: Setting up an automated organelle trapping routineBasic Protocol 4: Quantifying organelle interactions
Integrated bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes in the temporomandibular joint internal derangement
Authors: Yang Junda 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to identify significant mechanisms and potential treatments for temporomandibular joint internal derangement (TMJD) through integrated bioinformatics analysis.Materials and MethodsGene expression data sets (GSE66864) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were downloaded. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified both in the treatment groups and in controls by R packages. Network analysis of protein–protein interaction (PPI) and Human Protein Atlas was used to explore DEGs' potential function. DGIdb database was utilized to gain potential drug targets.ResultsIn conclusion, 126 DEGs were selected for TMJD through bioinformatics analysis. Both GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses combined showed the pathways involved in TMJD. A PPI network was constructed to select the top 10 hub genes, of which five hub genes were chosen for further investigation. Moreover, the microenvironment of immune cells related to hub genes was evaluated by R packages. Macrophages play an important role in inflammation and oral‐related tumors. The Human Protein Atlas analysis indicated that the five hub genes are highly related to head and neck cancer. Finally, eight potential drugs were selected for two genes using the DGIdb database.ConclusionOur integrated bioinformatics analysis identified DEGs in TMJD and provided potential ideas for further research and treatment approaches. However, experimental validation of the hub genes and potential drug targets is still needed. The key mechanisms of the identified genes and their potential roles as biomarkers or drug targets in TMJD require further investigation.
Implementation of a novel buck‐boost converter based on coupled inductor for renewable energy applications
Authors: Luo Peng , Chen Yongyan , Hong Junzhe , Zhou Lanyi , Jiang Haoyu 
Published: August 2023

SummaryA coupled inductor based on dual switches buck‐boost converter is proposed in the article, which can be used in renewable energy applications. A wide conversion ratio can be realized by regulating turns ratio of the coupled inductor and the duty cycle. The topology has a quadratic‐like voltage gain, and the low voltage stress and current stress. Combing the passive clamping circuit to recover leakage energy, the voltage spikes of power switches are suppressed, improving the efficiency. Moreover, it has the merits of continuous input current and common ground. To demonstrate the superior performances of the presented converter, the principle of operation and steady‐state analysis are presented in detail. At last, a 100‐W experimental prototype was designed to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis, with a maximum efficiency of 95.7% in step‐up mode and 96.8% in step‐down mode.
Shifting seasonality of annual growth through ontogeny for red deer at northern latitudes
Authors: Vindenes Yngvild , Langvatn Rolf , Mysterud Atle 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLarge mammals at northern latitudes show annual cycles of body mass gain in summer and body mass loss in winter. The amplitude and seasonal timing of these cycles may vary through ontogeny depending on trade‐offs toward investments in structural growth versus fat storage, reproduction, and future survival. Despite this knowledge, there is no detailed model of how the seasonality of body mass develops through ontogeny. Here, we define a new seasonal growth model that accounts for shifting seasonality through two sine components: one included in the growth coefficient and the other on the asymptotic size. We fitted 12 candidate models to longitudinal data on body mass of captive male and female red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Norway, with different baseline growth structures (von Bertalanffy, Gompertz, and Brody) and including zero, one, or both of the seasonal components. The best fitting model was the Brody model with both seasonal components included, allowing the annual peak to shift through ontogeny: The annual peak occurred in December for calves, shifting to November in yearlings, and October in 2‐ and 3‐year‐olds, ending with September for adults. All age classes showed an annual minimum at the end of winter around March. Males and females showed similar seasonal peaks through ontogeny, although males grow bigger and have larger seasonal amplitudes. Our new growth model provides a flexible framework to model seasonal growth changing through ontogeny, applicable to different species.