bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poisson Behavior for Chains of Small Quadratic Non-Residues
Authors: Basak Debmalya , Nath Kunjakanan , Zaharescu Alexandru 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
It is known that under the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, the smallest quadratic non-residue modulo a prime $p$ is less than or equal to $(\log p)^{2}$. In ranges slightly larger, of size $(\log p)^{A}$ with $A&gt;2$, we consider chains of $r$ consecutive quadratic non-residues. We prove unconditionally that for almost all primes $p$ in short intervals, these chains exhibit Poisson behavior.
Interpellation and the Politics of Belonging: A Psychoanalytical Framework
Authors: Mandelbaum Moran M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Interpellation, the production and hailing of subjectivities, is key to poststructuralist international relations (IR) theory and yet with some notable exceptions interpellation/hailing as an analytical concept remains somewhat undertheorized. This paper presents a Lacanian–Žižekian psychoanalytical theorization of interpellation in IR, while engaging with the ontology and epistemology of belonging. More specifically, this paper develops four major psychoanalytical concepts: void/lack, fantasy, jouissance, and desire, as it argues that void/lack at the subjective and objective levels renders interpellation possible and destabilises it, thus accounting for the im/possibility of belonging. This paper illustrates the psychoanalytical framework of interpellation by analyzing national-populism as manifested in the Brexit discourse in the UK as well as the interpellation in homonationalism.
The mutual regulation between γδ T cells and macrophages during wound healing
Authors: Hu Wengang , Zhang Xiaorong , Sheng Hao , Liu Zhongyang , Chen Yunxia , Huang Yong , He Weifeng , Luo Gaoxing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Macrophages are the main cells shaping the local microenvironment during wound healing. As the prime T cells in the skin, γδ T cells participate in regulating microenvironment construction, determining their mutual regulation helps to understand the mechanisms of wound healing, and explore innovative therapeutic options for wound repair. This review introduced their respective role in wound healing firstly, and then summarized the regulatory effect of γδ T cells on macrophages, including chemotaxis, polarization, apoptosis, and pyroptosis. Last, the retrograde regulation on γδ T cells by macrophages was also discussed. The main purpose is to excavate novel interventions for treating wound and provide new thought for further research.
Stationary-to-migratory transition in glioblastoma stem-like cells driven by a fatty acid-binding protein 7-RXRα neurogenic pathway
Authors: Liu Rong-Zong , Choi Won-Shik , Jain Saket , Xu Xia , Elsherbiny Marwa E , Glubrecht Darryl D , Tessier Anthony G , Easaw Jacob C , Fallone B Gino , Godbout Roseline 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) stem-like cells (GSCs) are crucial drivers of treatment resistance and tumor recurrence. While the concept of “migrating” cancer stem cells was proposed a decade ago, the roles and underlying mechanisms of the heterogeneous populations of GSCs remain poorly defined.

Methods
Cell migration using GBM cell lines and patient-derived GSCs was examined using Transwell inserts and the scratch assay. Single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis were used to map GSC drivers to specific GBM cell populations. Xenografted mice were used to model the role of brain-type fatty acid-binding protein 7 (FABP7) in GBM infiltration and expansion. The mechanism by which FABP7 and its fatty acid ligands promote GSC migration was examined by gel shift and luciferase gene reporter assays.

Results
A subpopulation of FABP7-expressing migratory GSCs was identified, with FABP7 upregulating SOX2, a key modulator for GBM stemness and plasticity, and ZEB1, a prominent factor in GBM epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasiveness. Our data indicate that GSC migration is driven by nuclear FABP7 through activation of RXRα, a nuclear receptor activated by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs).

Conclusion
Infiltrative progression in GBM is driven by migratory GSCs through activation of a PUFA-FABP7-RXRα neurogenic pathway.
Harm Reduction: A Missing Piece to the Holistic Care of Patients Who Inject Drugs
Authors: Nolan Nathanial S , Fracasso Francis Sarah M , Marks Laura R , Beekmann Susan E , Polgreen Philip M , Liang Stephen Y , Durkin Michael J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The rise in injection drug use (IDU) has led to an increase in drug-related infections. Harm reduction is an important strategy for preventing infections among people who inject drugs (PWID). We attempted to evaluate the harm reduction counseling that infectious diseases physicians provide to PWID presenting with infections.

Methods
An electronic survey was distributed to physician members of the Emerging Infections Network to inquire about practices used when caring for patients with IDU-related infections.

Results
In total, 534 ID physicians responded to the survey. Of those, 375 (70%) reported routinely caring for PWID. Most respondents report screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and viral hepatitis (98%) and discussing the risk of these infections (87%); 63% prescribe immunization against viral hepatitis, and 45% discuss HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). However, 55% of respondents (n = 205) reported not counseling patients on safer injection strategies. Common reasons for not counseling included limited time and a desire to emphasize antibiotic therapy/medical issues (62%), lack of training (55%), and believing that it would be better addressed by other services (47%). Among respondents who reported counseling PWID, most recommended abstinence from IDU (72%), handwashing and skin cleansing before injection (62%), and safe disposal of needles/drug equipment used before admission (54%).

Conclusions
Almost all ID physicians report screening PWID for HIV and viral hepatitis and discussing the risks of these infections. Despite frequently encountering PWID, fewer than half of ID physicians provide safer injection advice. Opportunities exist to standardize harm reduction education, emphasizing safer injection practices in conjunction with other strategies to prevent infections (eg, HIV PrEP or hepatitis A virus/hepatitis B virus vaccination).
Cosmic-ray-driven enhancement of the C0/CO abundance ratio in W 51 C
Authors: Yamagishi Mitsuyoshi , Furuya Kenji , Sano Hidetoshi , Izumi Natsuko , Takekoshi Tatsuya , Kaneda Hidehiro , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Shimonishi Takashi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We examine spatial variations of the C0$/$CO abundance ratio (XC/CO) in the vicinity of the γ-ray supernova remnant W 51 C, based on [C i] (3P1–3P0), 12CO(1–0), and 13CO(1–0) observations with the ASTE and Nobeyama 45 m telescopes. We find that XC/CO varies in a range of 0.02–0.16 (0.05 in median) inside the molecular clouds of AV &gt; 100 mag, where photodissociation of CO by the interstellar UV is negligible. Furthermore, XC/CO is locally enhanced by a factor of up to four near the W 51 C center, depending on the projected distance from the W 51 C center. In high-AV molecular clouds, XC/CO is determined by the ratio of the cosmic-ray (CR) ionization rate to the H2 density, and we find no clear spatial variation of the H2 density against the projected distance. Hence, the high CR ionization rate may locally enhance XC/CO near the W 51 C center. We also find that the observed spatial extent of the enhanced XC/CO (∼17 pc) is consistent with the diffusion distance of CRs with an energy of 100 MeV. This fact suggests that the low-energy CRs accelerated in W 51 C enhance XC/CO. The CR ionization rate in the XC/CO-enhanced cloud is estimated to be 3 × 10−16 s−1 on the basis of time-dependent photodissociation region simulations of XC/CO, the value of which is 30 times higher than that in the standard Galactic environment. These results demonstrate that [C i] is a powerful probe to investigate the interaction between CRs and the interstellar medium for a wide area in the vicinity of supernova remnants.
The Roles of Functional Amino Acids in Plant Growth and Development
Authors: Kawade Kensuke , Tabeta Hiromitsu , Ferjani Ali , Hirai Masami Yokota 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Plants incorporate acquired carbon and nitrogen into amino acid metabolism, whereby the building blocks of proteins and the precursors of various metabolites are produced. This fundamental demand requires tight amino acid metabolism to sustain physiological homeostasis. There is increasing evidence that amino acid metabolism undergoes plastic alteration to orchestrate specific growth and developmental events. Consequently, there has been a gradual exploration of the interface at which amino acid metabolism and plant morphogenesis are mutually affected. This research progress offers an opportunity to explore amino acid metabolism, with the goal to understand how it can be modulated to serve special cellular needs and regulate specific growth and developmental pathways. Continuous improvements in the sensitivity and coverage of metabolomics technology, along with the development of chemoinformatics, have allowed the investigation of these research questions. In this review, we summarize the roles of threonine, serine, arginine and γ-aminobutyric acid as representative examples of amino acids relevant to specific developmental processes in plants (‘functional amino acids’). Our objective is to expand perspectives regarding amino acid metabolism beyond the conventional view that it is merely life-supporting machinery.
Exosome-shuttled miR-126 mediates ethanol-induced disruption of neural crest cell-placode cell interaction by targeting SDF1
Authors: Li Yihong , Cai Ting , Liu Huina , Liu Jie , Chen Shao-Yu , Fan Huadong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
During embryonic development, 2 populations of multipotent stem cells, cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) and epibranchial placode cells (PCs), are anatomically adjacent to each other. The coordinated migration of NCCs and PCs plays a major role in the morphogenesis of craniofacial skeletons and cranial nerves. It is known that ethanol-induced dysfunction of NCCs and PCs is a key contributor to the defects of craniofacial skeletons and cranial nerves implicated in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). However, how ethanol disrupts the coordinated interaction between NCCs and PCs was not elucidated. To fill in this gap, we established a well-designed cell coculture system to investigate the reciprocal interaction between human NCCs (hNCCs) and human PCs (hPCs), and also monitored the migration behavior of NCCs and PCs in zebrafish embryos. We found that ethanol exposure resulted in a disruption of coordinated hNCCs-hPCs interaction, as well as in zebrafish embryos. Treating hNCCs-hPCs with exosomes derived from ethanol-exposed hNCCs (ExoEtOH) mimicked ethanol-induced impairment of hNCCs-hPCs interaction. We also observed that SDF1, a chemoattractant, was downregulated in ethanol-treated hPCs and zebrafish embryos. Meanwhile, miR-126 level in ExoEtOH was significantly higher than that in control exosomes (ExoCon). We further validated that ExoEtOH-encapsulated miR-126 from hNCCs can be transferred to hPCs to suppress SDF1 expression in hPCs. Knockdown of SDF1 replicated ethanol-induced abnormalities either in vitro or in zebrafish embryos. On the contrary, overexpression of SDF1 or inhibiting miR-126 strongly rescued ethanol-induced impairment of hNCCs-hPCs interaction and developmental defects.
Limb anatomy of the Triassic turtles: appendicular osteology of Proterochersis (Testudinata, Proterochersidae)
Authors: Szczygielski Tomasz , Piechowski Rafał 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The turtle locomotor system is heavily modified owing to the severe impact of development of the shell on the body plan of these reptiles. Although limb and girdle osteology of the earliest, Triassic turtles is relatively well understood in general, the exact impacts of variability, ontogeny and preservation (e.g. deformation) on the observed morphologies have rarely been considered in detail. Here, we describe in detail and document the osteology and intraspecific variability of the limbs and girdles of Proterochersis spp., the basalmost true turtles (Testudinata). We also provide a synthesis of currently available data and detailed comparisons with other Triassic stem turtles to gain a better understanding of the diagnostic value of the early turtle appendicular skeleton and to pave the way for future biomechanical and functional studies. Our data suggest that Proterochersis spp. could be at least partly aquatic and could change their preferred habitat during ontogeny, with larger (and, presumably, older) specimens presenting more characters suggestive of a more terrestrial environment.
Disrupted glucose homeostasis and glucagon and insulin secretion defects in Robo βKO mice
Authors: Adams Melissa T. , Waters Bayley J. , Nimkulrat Sutichot D. , Blum Barak 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe axon guidance proteins, Roundabout (Robo) receptors play a critical role in morphogenesis of the islets of Langerhans. Mice with a β cell‐selective deletion of Robo (Robo βKO), show severely disrupted spatial architecture of their islets, without defects in β cell differentiation or maturity. We have recently shown that Robo βKO mice have reduced synchronous glucose‐stimulated β cell calcium oscillations in their islets in vivo, likely disrupting their pulsatile insulin secretion. Here, we analyze whole‐body metabolic regulation in Robo βKO mice. We show that Robo βKO mice have mild defects in glucose homeostasis, and altered glucagon and insulin secretion. However, we did not observe any severe whole‐body glucoregulatory phenotype following the disruption of islet architecture in Robo βKO. Our data suggest that islet architecture plays only a mild role in overall glucoregulation.
Chromatin architectural factor CTCF is essential for progesterone‐dependent uterine maturation
Authors: Hewitt Sylvia C. , Gruzdev Artiom , Willson Cynthia J. , Wu San‐Pin , Lydon John P. , Galjart Niels , DeMayo Francesco J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractReceptors for estrogen and progesterone frequently interact, via Cohesin/CTCF loop extrusion, at enhancers distal from regulated genes. Loss‐of‐function CTCF mutation in >20% of human endometrial tumors indicates its importance in uterine homeostasis. To better understand how CTCF‐mediated enhancer‐gene interactions impact endometrial development and function, the Ctcf gene was selectively deleted in female reproductive tissues of mice. Prepubertal Ctcfd/d uterine tissue exhibited a marked reduction in the number of uterine glands compared to those without Ctcf deletion (Ctcff/f mice). Post‐pubertal Ctcfd/d uteri were hypoplastic with significant reduction in both the amount of the endometrial stroma and number of glands. Transcriptional profiling revealed increased expression of stem cell molecules Lif, EOMES, and Lgr5, and enhanced inflammation pathways following Ctcf deletion. Analysis of the response of the uterus to steroid hormone stimulation showed that CTCF deletion affects a subset of progesterone‐responsive genes. This finding indicates (1) Progesterone‐mediated signaling remains functional following Ctcf deletion and (2) certain progesterone‐regulated genes are sensitive to Ctcf deletion, suggesting they depend on gene‐enhancer interactions that require CTCF. The progesterone‐responsive genes altered by CTCF ablation included Ihh, Fst, and Errfi1. CTCF‐dependent progesterone‐responsive uterine genes enhance critical processes including anti‐tumorigenesis, which is relevant to the known effectiveness of progesterone in inhibiting progression of early‐stage endometrial tumors. Overall, our findings reveal that uterine Ctcf plays a key role in progesterone‐dependent expression of uterine genes underlying optimal post‐pubertal uterine development.
Pathogenesis of vasculopathy in systemic sclerosis and its contribution to fibrosis
Authors: Kawaguchi Yasushi , Kuwana Masataka 
Published: July 2023

Purpose of review
In patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), vascular manifestations precede skin and organ fibrosis. There is increasing evidence demonstrating a pathogenic link between early vascular injury and subsequent development of tissue fibrosis.

Recent findings
Our knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying a unique relationship between SSc-related vasculopathy and fibrosis has changed over the last few years. There is increasing evidence showing viral infection as a potential trigger elucidating vascular injury. Due to defective vascular repair machinery, this initial event results in endothelial cell activation and apoptosis as well as the recruitment of inflammatory/immune cells, leading to endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. This sequential process induces destructive vasculopathy in capillaries, fibroproliferative vascular lesions in arteries, and excessive fibrosis in the surrounding tissue. A variety of molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in vascular remodeling linked to subsequent excessive fibrosis have been identified and serve as attractive therapeutic targets for SSc.

Summary
Endothelial injury may play a central role in connecting three features that characterize SSc pathogenesis: vasculopathy, chronic inflammation, and fibrosis. Our understanding of the processes responsible for myofibroblast differentiation triggered by vascular injury will provide the rationale for novel targeted therapies for SSc.
Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination coverage and associated factors in patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations of COPD in China: Findings from real-world data
Authors: He Ruoxi , Ren Xiaoxia , Huang Ke , Lei Jieping , Niu Hongtao , Li Wei , Dong Fen , Li Baicun , Wang Ye , Yang Ting , Wang Chen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination are a priority in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, limited information is available on vaccination coverage among patients with acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) in China. This study aimed to determine the rates and associated factors of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in patients hospitalized with AECOPD.

Methods:
Baseline data from a national, multicenter, hospital-based study that included adult inpatients with AECOPD between 2017 and 2021 were analyzed. The outcomes of interest were the influenza vaccination in the past year and the pneumococcal vaccination in the past 5 years. To ensure national representativeness, rates were weighted according to the distribution of hospital levels and types enrolled in this study. Multivariable Poisson regression based on mixed-effects models were used to determine the associated factors. The independent variables included the region and hospital features where the participants were located, sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, rural/urban residence, education, etc.), and clinical indicators (COPD disease history, lung function parameters, comorbidities, etc.). The treatment profiles of the vaccinated and unvaccinated participants were compared.

Results:
Of 6949 eligible participants, the weighted rates of influenza/pneumococcal, influenza, and pneumococcal vaccination were 2.72% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.34%–3.10%), 2.09% (95% CI: 1.76%–2.43%), and 1.25% (95% CI: 0.99%–1.51%), respectively. In multivariable models, age ≥60 years (60–69 years, odds ratio [OR]: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.11–3.25; ≥80 years, OR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.06–3.78), geographical regions (Northern China relative to Eastern China, OR: 5.09, 95% CI: 1.96–13.21), urban residence (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.07–2.66), a higher education level (junior high school, OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.21–2.58; senior high school or above, OR: 2.61, 95% CI: 1.69–4.03), former smoking (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.15–2.79), and regular inhaled medication treatment (OR: 3.28, 95% CI: 2.29–4.70) were positively associated with vaccination. Patients who had experienced severe exacerbations in the past year were less likely to be vaccinated (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45–0.96). Compared with unvaccinated participants, vaccinated participants adhered better to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment.

Conclusions:
Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination coverage are extremely low. Urgent measures are necessary to increase vaccination coverage among inpatients with AECOPD in China.
Prognosis and outcome of intrauterine treatment of fetuses with critical congenital heart disease
Authors: Zhao Liqing , Wang Lei , Xia Hongping , Wu Yurong , Jiao Xianting , Zhu Hong , Chen Sun , Sun Kun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Intrauterine valvuloplasty is an innovative therapy, which promotes ventricular growth and function in some congenital heart diseases (CHDs). The technique remains challenging and can only be performed in a few centers. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and mid-term outcomes of fetal cardiac intervention (FCI) in fetuses with critical CHD in an experienced tertiary center.

Methods:
Five fetal aortic valvuloplasty (FAV) or fetal pulmonary valvuloplasty (FPV) procedures were performed in our fetal heart center between August 2018 and May 2022. Technical success was defined as crossing the aortic or pulmonary valve and balloon inflation, followed by evidence of increased blood flow across the valve and/or new regurgitation. Follow-up clinical records and echocardiography were obtained during the prenatal and postnatal periods.

Results:
Five fetuses received FAV or FPV, including critical aortic stenosis ( n = 2) and pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum ( n = 3). The mean maternal age was 33.0 ± 2.6 years. The median gestational age (GA) at diagnosis was 24 weeks (range, 22–26 weeks). The median GA at intervention was 29 weeks (range, 28–32 weeks). All five cases underwent successful or partially successful procedures. One patient had pulmonary valve perforation without balloon dilation. No procedure-related deaths or significant complications occurred. However, one neonatal death occurred due to heart and renal failure. The median follow-up period was 29.5 months (range, 8.0–48.0 months). The four surviving patients had achieved biventricular circulation, exhibited improved valve, and ventricular development at the last follow-up visit.

Conclusion:
Intrauterine FCI could be performed safely with good prognosis in critical CHD.