bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Going over the wall: insights into the illegal production of jaguar products in a Bolivian prison
Authors: Elwin Angie , Asfaw Eyob , Vieto Roberto , D'Cruze Neil 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs the largest felid in the Americas, the jaguar Panthera onca has both ecological and cultural significance in Bolivia. Yet jaguar populations are declining because of multiple pervasive anthropogenic pressures, including domestic and international demand for their body parts. Since 2013, Bolivia has become a centre of the illegal trade of jaguar body parts, driven by demand from Chinese markets. From 2021, there have been anecdotal reports of jaguar body parts being sold to prisons in north-western Bolivia, where inmates use them to make crafts to be sold at local markets. Here we provide further insights into this illegal wildlife trade activity. Specifically, we show that inmates at Mocovi prison in Trinidad purchase skins of jaguars and other wild animals directly from hunters and from vendors at local markets. Goods (wallets, hats and purses) produced from the skins are sold back to vendors by the inmates to provide income for their daily sustenance. Testimony from an inmate also stated that large bulk orders for wildlife products had been received from a non-Bolivian client base. The San Borja municipality in Beni was indicated as a key location where jaguars are being targeted for their skins to supply the illegal production of wildlife products in Mocovi prison. Further studies are required to determine the extent of this illegal activity in Mocovi prison and other prisons in Bolivia, and in other Latin American countries.
Overcoming Narcissism
Authors: Cleary Skye C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNarcissistic personality disorder describes people who demonstrate an exaggerated sense of entitlement, lack empathy and crave admiration. But philosopher Simone de Beauvoir argued that, even if a person isn't a pathological narcissist, narcissism can be a strategy that some people use to help them cope with being undervalued. Through examples such as singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, I show how Beauvoir's philosophy gives us a framework to understand some narcissistic behaviour and possibilities for more authentic ways of being in the world.
Nothing to Speak Of
Authors: Finn Suki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article is about nothing. Does that mean it is about something, namely, ‘nothing’? Or is there quite literally no thing that this article is about? Follow the dialogue between characters discussing the nature of non-existence and absences to find out! Along the way there will be tongue twisters, contradictions, paradoxes and riddles, ready to challenge our preconceptions of reality as we embark into the mysterious realm of nothingness.
Corona-Angst. Ein Problem unter Lehramtsstudierenden?
Authors: Böttger Tobias , Zierer Klaus 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung: Die Coronavirus-Pandemie birgt nicht nur Gefahren, die mit einer möglichen Infektion mit COVID einhergehen können. Auch die psychischen Belastungen, die aus der Pandemie und den damit verbundenen Maßnahmen resultieren, sollten im Auge behalten werden. Im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojektes am Lehrstuhl für Schulpädagogik an der Universität Augsburg wurden Lehramtsstudierende ( N = 396) mithilfe der Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) nach Lee (2020 ) befragt. Ziel war es zum einen herauszufinden, ob Studierende den der CAS zugrundeliegenden Kriterien zufolge an einer pandemiebedingten Angststörung leiden. Zum anderen sollte die Qualität des ins Deutsche übersetzten Messinstrumentes überprüft werden. Insgesamt leiden etwa 14 % der Befragten an entsprechenden Angststörungen. Die von Lee (2020 ) etablierte Modellstruktur konnte nicht identisch repliziert werden. Erst durch Modifikation der Modellstruktur wurde eine für die vorliegenden Daten exzellente Passung erzielt.
Mixing Models With Multiple, Overlapping, or Incomplete End‐Members, Quantified Using Time Series of a Single Tracer
Authors: Kirchner James W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMixing models are used throughout earth and environmental science to quantify the relative contributions of sources to mixtures, based on chemical or isotopic tracers. Often, however, some end‐members are missing or their tracer distributions overlap, precluding the use of conventional mixing models. Here I show how these constraints can be overcome by exploiting the information contained in tracer time‐series fluctuations. This approach, ensemble end‐member mixing analysis (EEMMA), can potentially quantify many sources using a single tracer, even if their mean concentrations are indistinguishable. EEMMA can also quantify source contributions when some sources are unknown, and even infer the tracer time series of a missing source. Benchmark tests with synthetic data verify the reliability of this approach, thus expanding the range of mixing models that can be quantified using tracer time series. An R script is provided for the necessary calculations, including error propagation.
The genetic epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Blanco-Vieira Thiago , Radua Joaquim , Marcelino Lívia , Bloch Michael , Mataix-Cols David , do Rosário Maria Conceição 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe first systematic review and meta-analysis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) genetic epidemiology was published approximately 20 years ago. Considering the relevance of all the studies published since 2001, the current study aimed to update the state-of-art knowledge on the field. All published data concerning the genetic epidemiology of OCD from the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, BVS, and OpenGrey databases were searched by two independent researchers until September 30, 2021. To be included, the articles had to fulfill the following criteria: OCD diagnosis provided by standardized and validated instruments; or medical records; inclusion of a control group for comparison and case-control, cohort or twin study designs. The analysis units were the first-degree relatives (FDRs) of OCD or control probands and the co-twins in twin pairs. The outcomes of interest were the familial recurrence rates of OCD and the correlations of OCS in monozygotic compared with dizygotic twins. Nineteen family, twenty-nine twin, and six population-based studies were included. The main findings were that OCD is a prevalent and highly familial disorder, especially among the relatives of children and adolescent probands, that OCD has a phenotypic heritability of around 50%; and that the higher OCS correlations between MZ twins were mainly due to additive genetic or to non-shared environmental components.
Increased glucose availability sensitizes pancreatic cancer to chemotherapy
Authors: Vaziri-Gohar Ali , Hue Jonathan J. , Abbas Ata , Graor Hallie J. , Hajihassani Omid , Zarei Mehrdad , Titomihelakis George , Feczko John , Rathore Moeez , Chelstowska Sylwia , Loftus Alexander W. , Wang Rui , Zarei Mahsa , Goudarzi Maryam , Zhang Renliang , Willard Belinda , Zhang Li , Kresak Adam , Willis Joseph E. , Wang Gi-Ming , Tatsuoka Curtis , Salvino Joseph M. , Bederman Ilya , Brunengraber Henri , Lyssiotis Costas A. , Brody Jonathan R. , Winter Jordan M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly resistant to chemotherapy. Effective alternative therapies have yet to emerge, as chemotherapy remains the best available systemic treatment. However, the discovery of safe and available adjuncts to enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy can still improve survival outcomes. We show that a hyperglycemic state substantially enhances the efficacy of conventional single- and multi-agent chemotherapy regimens against PDAC. Molecular analyses of tumors exposed to high glucose levels reveal that the expression of GCLC (glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit), a key component of glutathione biosynthesis, is diminished, which in turn augments oxidative anti-tumor damage by chemotherapy. Inhibition of GCLC phenocopies the suppressive effect of forced hyperglycemia in mouse models of PDAC, while rescuing this pathway mitigates anti-tumor effects observed with chemotherapy and high glucose.
Fundamental investigations on the ionic transport and thermodynamic properties of non-aqueous potassium-ion electrolytes
Authors: Dhir Shobhan , Jagger Ben , Maguire Alen , Pasta Mauro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNon-aqueous potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) represent a promising complementary technology to lithium-ion batteries due to the availability and low cost of potassium. Moreover, the lower charge density of K+ compared to Li+ favours the ion-transport properties in liquid electrolyte solutions, thus, making KIBs potentially capable of improved rate capability and low-temperature performance. However, a comprehensive study of the ionic transport and thermodynamic properties of non-aqueous K-ion electrolyte solutions is not available. Here we report the full characterisation of the ionic transport and thermodynamic properties of a model non-aqueous K-ion electrolyte solution system comprising potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) salt and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) solvent and compare it with its Li-ion equivalent (i.e., LiFSI:DME), over the concentration range 0.25–2 molal. Using tailored K metal electrodes, we demonstrate that KFSI:DME electrolyte solutions show higher salt diffusion coefficients and cation transference numbers than LiFSI:DME solutions. Finally, via Doyle-Fuller-Newman (DFN) simulations, we investigate the K-ion and Li-ion storage properties for K∣∣graphite and Li∣∣graphite cells.
Incorporating clinicopathological and molecular risk prediction tools to improve outcomes in early HR+/HER2– breast cancer
Authors: Curigliano Giuseppe , Dent Rebecca , Llombart-Cussac Antonio , Pegram Mark , Pusztai Lajos , Turner Nicholas , Viale Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStratification of recurrence risk is a cornerstone of early breast cancer diagnosis that informs a patient’s optimal treatment pathway. Several tools exist that combine clinicopathological and molecular information, including multigene assays, which can estimate risk of recurrence and quantify the potential benefit of different adjuvant treatment modalities. While the tools endorsed by treatment guidelines are supported by level I and II evidence and provide similar prognostic accuracy at the population level, they can yield discordant risk prediction at the individual patient level. This review examines the evidence for these tools in clinical practice and offers a perspective of potential future risk stratification strategies. Experience from clinical trials with cyclin D kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors in the setting of hormone receptor–positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) early breast cancer is provided as an illustrative example of risk stratification.
Modeling electrochemical oxide film growth—passive and transpassive behavior of iron electrodes in halide-free solution
Authors: Bösing Ingmar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe phenomenon of passivity is crucial for many areas of our technological and metal-based civilization. Nevertheless, the mechanisms leading to passivity are still under investigation and not fully understood. Modeling passive film growth can bring insights into these processes, which are experimentally hard or impossible to access. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive model which can describe oxide film growth and dissolution under an external potential for various metal oxides. The simulation gives insights into the defect concentrations and electric field during passive film growth and film dissolution and delivers an anodic transpassive dissolution mechanism. The simulation is compared to experiments derived from the oxidation of iron electrodes and shows very good agreement. The addition of a transpassive dissolution mechanism to oxide film models is the next step toward model-based corrosion prediction.
Monitoring pollution pathways in river water by predictive path modelling using untargeted GC-MS measurements
Authors: Cairoli Maria , van den Doel André , Postma Berber , Offermans Tim , Zemmelink Henk , Stroomberg Gerard , Buydens Lutgarde , van Kollenburg Geert , Jansen Jeroen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo safeguard the quality of river water, a comprehensive approach is required within the European Water Framework Directive. It is vital to conduct non-target screening of the complete chemical fingerprint of the aquatic ecosystem, as this will help to identify chemicals of emerging concern and uncover their unusual dynamic patterns in river water. Achieving this goal calls for an advanced combination of two measurement paradigms: tracing the potential pollution path through the river network and detecting the numerous compounds that constitute the chemical composition, both known and unknown. To address this challenge, we propose an integrated approach that combines the preprocessing of ongoing Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) measurements at nine sites along the Rhine using PARAllel FActor Analysis2 (PARAFAC2) for non-target screening, with spatiotemporal modelling of these sites within the river network using a statistical path modelling algorithm called Process Partial Least Squares (Process PLS). With an average explained variance of 97.0%, PARAFAC2 extracted mass spectra, elution, and concentration profiles of known and unknown chemicals. On average, 76.8% of the chemical variability captured by the PARAFAC2 concentration profiles was extracted by Process PLS. The integrated approach enabled us to track chemicals through the Rhine catchment, and tentatively identify known and as-yet unknown potential pollutants, including methyl tert-butyl ether and 1,3-cyclopentadiene, based on non-target screening and spatiotemporal behaviour.
Endoscopic resection for local residual or recurrent cancer after definitive chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tani Yasuhiro , Ishihara Ryu , Matsuura Noriko , Okubo Yuki , Kawakami Yushi , Sakurai Hirohisa , Nakamura Takahiko , Matsueda Katsunori , Miyake Muneaki , Shichijo Satoki , Maekawa Akira , Kanesaka Takashi , Yamamoto Sachiko , Takeuchi Yoji , Higashino Koji , Uedo Noriya , Michida Tomoki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChemoradiotherapy (CRT) and radiotherapy (RT) are treatment options for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but local residual/recurrent cancer after CRT/RT is a major problem. Endoscopic resection (ER) is an effective treatment option for local residual/recurrent cancer. To ensure the efficacy of ER, complete removal of endoscopically visible lesions with cancer-free vertical margins is desired. This study aimed to identify the endoscopic parameters associated with the complete endoscopic removal of local residual/recurrent cancer. In this single-center, retrospective study, we used a prospectively maintained database to identify esophageal lesions that were diagnosed as local residual/recurrent cancer after CRT/RT and treated by ER between January 2012 and December 2019. We evaluated the associations of endoscopic R0 resection with findings on conventional endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). In total, 98 lesions (83 cases) were identified from our database. The rate of endoscopic R0 resection was higher for flat lesions (100% versus 77%, P = 0.00014). EUS was performed for 24 non-flat lesions, and endoscopic R0 resection was achieved for 94% of lesions with an uninterrupted fifth layer. Flat lesions on conventional endoscopy and lesions with an uninterrupted fifth layer on EUS are good candidates for ER.
United States politicians’ tone became more negative with 2016 primary campaigns
Authors: Külz Jonathan , Spitz Andreas , Abu-Akel Ahmad , Günnemann Stephan , West Robert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is a widespread belief that the tone of political debate in the US has become more negative recently, in particular when Donald Trump entered politics. At the same time, there is disagreement as to whether Trump changed or merely continued previous trends. To date, data-driven evidence regarding these questions is scarce, partly due to the difficulty of obtaining a comprehensive, longitudinal record of politicians’ utterances. Here we apply psycholinguistic tools to a novel, comprehensive corpus of 24 million quotes from online news attributed to 18,627 US politicians in order to analyze how the tone of US politicians’ language as reported in online media evolved between 2008 and 2020. We show that, whereas the frequency of negative emotion words had decreased continuously during Obama’s tenure, it suddenly and lastingly increased with the 2016 primary campaigns, by 1.6 pre-campaign standard deviations, or 8% of the pre-campaign mean, in a pattern that emerges across parties. The effect size drops by 40% when omitting Trump’s quotes, and by 50% when averaging over speakers rather than quotes, implying that prominent speakers, and Trump in particular, have disproportionately, though not exclusively, contributed to the rise in negative language. This work provides the first large-scale data-driven evidence of a drastic shift toward a more negative political tone following Trump’s campaign start as a catalyst. The findings have important implications for the debate about the state of US politics.
The significance of decompressive craniectomy for older patients with traumatic brain injury: a propensity score matching analysis from large multi-center data
Authors: Kim Jang Hun , Park Kyung-Jae , Kang Shin-Hyuk , Park Dong-Hyuk , Kim Jong Hyun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe efficacy of decompressive craniectomy (DC) for traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been investigated in two recent randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and DC is recommended as an optional treatment for improving overall survival compared to medical treatment. However, the two RCTs enrolled extremely young adults, and the efficacy of DC in older adults remains questionable. Therefore, to identify the efficacy of DC in older adults, we compared patients who received medical care with those who underwent DC after propensity score matching (PSM). From the Korea Multi-center Traumatic Brain Injury Database, 443 patients identified as having intracranial hypertension and a necessity of DC were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were classified into the DC (n = 375) and non-DC (n = 68) groups according to operation records. The PSM was conducted to match the patients in the DC group with those receiving medical care (non-DC). After PSM, the newly matched group (DC, n = 126) was compared with patients without DC (non-DC, n = 63). The mean difference in the logit of the propensity scores (LPS) was 0.00391 and the mean age of enrolled patients were 65 years. The results of the comparative analyses after PSM showed that the 6-month mortality rate of the non-DC group was higher than that of the DC group (61.9% vs. 51.6%, p = 0.179). In terms of favorable outcomes (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score < 4), the DC group showed a lower rate of favorable mRS scores (11.9% vs. 17.5%, p = 0.296) than the non-DC group.
Developing home cleaning intervention through community engagement to reduce infections and antimicrobial resistance in Ghanaian homes
Authors: Tsekleves Emmanuel , de Souza Dziedzom , Pickup Roger , Ahorlu Collins , Darby Andy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGlobally Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) constitutes a health crisis, particularly in developing countries, where infectious disease are commonly fatal. There is clear evidence for microbial exposure and infection transmission within the home. Personal and environmental hygiene are the best ways of reducing household infections thus decreasing the need for antibiotics and consequently diminishing AMR. Despite this being an obvious step, research efforts to understand the home environment and its impact on AMR, cleaning and possible interventions on household cleaning are limited. We combined design and microbiology methods in an innovative mixed-method approach. A traditional survey design (n = 240), a design ethnography (n = 12), a co-design workshop and a pre-intervention microbiological dust sample analysis was undertaken to provide insights for codesign workshops in which new cleaning practices might be developed to minimise any AMR bacteria present in the household environments located in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Microbiological analysis of household dust showed that 36.6% of bacterial isolates detected were found to carry at least one resistance to the panel of antibiotics tested. Four scenarios were generated from an economic segmentation of the survey data. 50 ethnographic insights were ‘presented’ and descriptions of 12 bacteria species that showed resistance to one or more antibiotics (representing 176 bacterial isolates that showed resistance to one or more antibiotics found in the dust samples) were presented to the participants in a codesign workshop. An intervention, a new regime of cleaning practices agreed through the co-design workshop and practiced for thirty days, was made in (n = 7) households. The high prevalence of multidrug resistance observed in this study indicate the need for antibiotics surveillance program, not only in hospital settings but also in the household environment. There is, thus, an urgent need for targeting of interventions at the household level. Activating knowledge through community engagement in the research helps in increasing public perception and breaking down the scientist-public barrier.
A novel approach based on neutrosophic Bonferroni mean operator of trapezoidal and triangular neutrosophic interval environments in multi-attribute group decision making
Authors: Nagarajan D. , Kanchana A. , Jacob Kavikumar , Kausar Nasreen , Edalatpanah Seyyed Ahmad , Shah Mohd Asif 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNeutrosophic multicriteria is a method of decision-making that uses indeterminacy to combine several criteria or elements, frequently with incomplete or ambiguous information, to find a solution. The neutrosophic multicriteria analysis enables the assessment of qualitative and subjective aspects and can assist in resolving conflicting goals and preferences. In the Neutrosophic Multi-Attribute Group Decision Making (NMAGDM) problems, all the information provided by the decision makers (DMs) is expressed as single value neutrosophic triangular and trapezoidal numbers examined in this study which can provide more flexibility and accuracy in capturing uncertainty and aggregating preferences. We offer a novel approach for determining the neutrosophic possibility degree of two and three trapezoidal and triangular neutrosophic sets and the concepts of neutrosophic possibility mean value. The trapezoidal and triangular neutrosophic Bonferroni mean (TITRNBM) operator and the trapezoidal and triangular neutrosophic weighted Bonferroni mean (TITRNWBM) operator are two aggregation methods we then create. Further, we examine the TITRNBM and TITRNWBM attributes and their uniqueness. The NMAGDM approach with trapezoidal and triangular information is suggested based on the TITRNWBM operator and possibility degree. Finally, a concrete example of manufacturing companies searching for the best supplier for assembling the critical parts is provided to validate the established strategies and show their practical applicability and efficacy.