bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An automated method to discover true events and classification of intracellular Ca2+ profiles for endothelium in situ injury assay
Authors: Sánchez-Tecuatl Marcial , Moccia Francesco , Martínez-Carballido Jorge F. , Berra-Romani Roberto 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Endothelial cells (ECs), being located at the interface between flowing blood and vessel wall, maintain cardiovascular homeostasis by virtue of their ability to integrate chemical and physical cues through a spatio-temporally coordinated increase in their intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Endothelial heterogeneity suggests the existence of spatially distributed functional clusters of ECs that display different patterns of intracellular Ca2+ response to extracellular inputs. Characterizing the overall Ca2+ activity of the endothelial monolayer in situ requires the meticulous analysis of hundreds of ECs. This complex analysis consists in detecting and quantifying the true Ca2+ events associated to extracellular stimulation and classifying their intracellular Ca2+ profiles (ICPs). The injury assay technique allows exploring the Ca2+-dependent molecular mechanisms involved in angiogenesis and endothelial regeneration. However, there are true Ca2+ events of nearly undetectable magnitude that are almost comparable with inherent instrumental noise. Moreover, undesirable artifacts added to the signal by mechanical injury stimulation complicate the analysis of intracellular Ca2+ activity. In general, the study of ICPs lacks uniform criteria and reliable approaches for assessing these highly heterogeneous spatial and temporal events.Methods: Herein, we present an approach to classify ICPs that consists in three stages: 1) identification of Ca2+ candidate events through thresholding of a feature termed left-prominence; 2) identification of non-true events, known as artifacts; and 3) ICP classification based upon event temporal location.Results: The performance assessment of true-events identification showed competitive sensitivity = [0.9995, 0.9831], specificity = [0.9946, 0.7818] and accuracy = [0.9978, 0.9579] improvements of 2x and 14x, respectively, compared with other methods. The ICP classifier enhanced by artifact detection showed 0.9252 average accuracy with the ground-truth sets provided for validation.Discussion: Results indicate that our approach ensures sturdiness to experimental protocol maneuvers, besides it is effective, simple, and configurable for different studies that use unidimensional time dependent signals as data. Furthermore, our approach would also be effective to analyze the ICPs generated by other cell types, other dyes, chemical stimulation or even signals recorded at higher frequency.
“I can’t describe how I could get better, but I would like to” - Conception of health and illness of refugee youth in Germany
Authors: van der Meer Anna Swantje , Durlach Friederike , Szota Katharina , Christiansen Hanna 
Published: May 2023

Introduction and objectiveAlmost half of all the people displaced worldwide are children and adolescents. Many refugee children, adolescents, and young adults suffer from psychological stress. However, their utilization of (mental) health services is low, probably due to a lack of knowledge about (mental) health and (mental) health care. The current study aimed to explore concepts of (mental) health and illness of refugee youth as well as assess their mental health literacy (MHL) to arrive at conclusions for improving mental health care access and use.MethodFrom April 2019 to October 2020, we conducted 24 face-to-face interviews with refugee children and adolescents in an outpatient clinic (n = 8), in youth welfare facilities (n = 10), and at a middle school (n = 6). A semi-structured interview was used to assess knowledge about mental and somatic health and illness as well as corresponding health strategies and care options. The material was evaluated using qualitative content analysis.ResultsParticipants (N = 24) were between 11 and 21 years old (M = 17.9, SD = 2.4). The coded material was assigned to four thematic main areas: (1) conception of illness, (2) conception of health, (3) knowledge about health care structures in their country of origin, and (4) perceptions of mental health care structures in Germany. Compared to somatic health, the interviewed refugee children and adolescents knew little about mental health. Furthermore, respondents were more aware of opportunities of somatic health promotion, but almost none knew how to promote their mental health. In our group-comparative analysis we observed that younger children possess little knowledge about mental health-related topics.ConclusionOur results show that refugee youth have more knowledge about somatic health and somatic health care than about mental health (care). Accordingly, interventions to promote the MHL of refugee youth are necessary to improve their utilization of mental health services and to provide adequate mental health care.
Fake news during the war in Ukraine: coping strategies and fear of war in the general population of Romania and in aid workers
Authors: Vintilă Mona , Lăzărescu Gianina-Mălina , Kalaitzaki Argyroula , Tudorel Otilia Ioana , Goian Cosmin 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionIn addition to the health crisis that erupted during the COVID-19 pandemic, the war between Russia and Ukraine is impacting the mental health and wellbeing of the Romanian population in a negative way.ObjectivesThis study sets out to investigate the impact that social media consumption and an overload of information related to the armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine is having on the distribution of fake news among Romanians. In addition, it explores the way in which several psychological features, including resilience, general health, perceived stress, coping strategies, and fear of war, change as a function of exposure to traumatic events or interaction with victims of war.MethodsParticipants (N = 633) completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), the CERQ scale with its nine subscales, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the BRS scale (Brief Resilience Scale), the last of which measures resilience. Information overload, information strain and the likelihood of the person concerned spreading fake news were assessed by adapting items related to these variables.FindingsOur results suggest that information strain partially moderates the relationship between information overload and the tendency to spread false information. Also, they indicate that information strain partially moderates the relationship between time spent online and the tendency to spread false information. Furthermore, our findings imply that there are differences of high and moderate significance between those who worked with refugees and those who did not as regards fear of war and coping strategies. We found no practical differences between the two groups as regards general health, level of resilience and perceived stress.Conclusion and recommendationsThe importance of discovering the reasons why people share false information is discussed, as is the need to adopt strategies to combat this behavior, including infographics and games designed to teach people how to detect fake news. At the same time, aid workers need to be further supported to maintain a high level of psychological wellbeing.
Examining student burnout causes among English as a foreign language students: focus on school climate and student growth mindset
Authors: Liu Xiaoling 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between student burnout and two key factors - perceived school climate and growth mindset - in the context of English as a foreign language (EFL) learning among Chinese students.MethodsA sample of 412 intermediate English language learners from China participated in an online survey and completed valid measures of the three constructs. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to establish the validity of the scales used to measure the three latent variables. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was then used to test the proposed model.ResultsThe results of SEM showed that both perceived school climate and growth mindset had a significant positive impact on EFL student burnout, with perceived school climate having a stronger effect compared to growth mindset.DiscussionThe findings suggest that promoting a positive school climate and fostering a student growth mindset can help reduce student burnout in EFL settings.
Comparison of olanzapine-induced weight gain and metabolism abnormalities between topiramate and vitamin C in patients with schizophrenia: a preliminary study
Authors: Zhang Jinling , Chen Shu , Chen Jia , Zhang Handi , Rao Wen-Wang 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundTopiramate (TPM) may reduce olanzapine (OLZ)-related weight gain and metabolism abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia. However, differences in the efficacy of OLZ-related weight gain and metabolism abnormalities between TPM and vitamin C (VC) are not clear. This study aimed to investigate whether TPM is more effective than VC in reducing OLZ-induced weight gain and metabolic abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia and explore their patterns.MethodsThis was a 12-week longitudinal comparison study in OLZ-treated patients with schizophrenia. Twenty-two patients who received OLZ monotherapy plus VC treatment (OLZ + VC group) was matched to 22 patients who received OLZ monotherapy plus TPM treatment (OLZ + TPM group). Body mass index (BMI) and metabolism indicators were measured at baseline and 12-weeks follow-up.ResultsA significant difference in triglyceride (TG) levels at different time points (pre-treatment: F = 7.89, p = 0.008; 4-weeks treatment: F = 13.19, p = 0.001; 12-weeks treatment: F = 54.48, p &lt; 0.001) was found. Latent profile analysis demonstrated that a 2-class model for OLZ + TPM group (high vs. low BMI in the first 4 weeks) and OLZ + VC group (high vs. low), respectively.ConclusionOur findings suggested that TPM could better mitigates OLZ-induced increase in TG levels. The trajectories of change also differed in all metabolic indexes over time between the two groups.
What is important to service users and staff when implementing suicide-focused psychological therapies for people with psychosis into mental health services?
Authors: Peters Sarah , Awenat Yvonne , Gooding Patricia A. , Harris Kamelia , Cook Leanne , Huggett Charlotte , Jones Steven , Lobban Fiona , Pratt Daniel , Haddock Gillian 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionSuicide is a leading cause of death globally. People with psychosis are at increased risk of suicide death and up to half experience suicidal thoughts and/or engage in suicidal behaviors in their lifetime. Talking therapies can be effective in alleviating suicidal experiences. However, research is yet to be translated into practice, demonstrating a gap in service provision. The barriers and facilitators in therapy implementation require a thorough investigation including the perspectives of different stakeholders such as service users and mental health professionals. This study aimed to investigate stakeholders’ (health professionals and service users) perspectives of implementing a suicide-focused psychological therapy for people experiencing psychosis in mental health services.MethodsFace-to-face, semi-structured interviews with 20 healthcare professionals and 18 service users were conducted. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed and managed using reflexive thematic analysis and NVivo software.ResultsFor suicide-focused therapy to be successfully implemented in services for people with psychosis, there are four key aspects that need to be considered: (i) Creating safe spaces to be understood; (ii) Gaining a voice; (iii) Accessing therapy at the right time; and (iv) Ensuring a straightforward pathway to accessing therapy.DiscussionWhilst all stakeholders viewed a suicide-focused therapy as valuable for people experiencing psychosis, they also recognize that enabling successful implementation of such interventions will require additional training, flexibility, and resources to existing services.
Comparing the role of social connectivity with friends and family in depression among older adults in China: evaluating the moderating effect of urban–rural status
Authors: Gu Yuxuan , Ali Shahmir H. , Guo Aimei 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundSocial connectivity and support can reduce depressive symptoms. Few studies have examined urban–rural differences in the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms in the context of urbanization for Chinese older adults. The overall aim of this study is to examine urban–rural differences in the relationship between family support and social connectivity on depression among Chinese older adults.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from the 2010 Sample Survey on Aged Population in Urban/Rural China (SSAPUR). Depressive symptoms were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale short-form (GDS-15). Family support was measured by structural, instrumental, and emotional support. Social connectivity was measured using the Lubben Social Network Scale-6 (LSNS-6). Descriptive analysis was conducted using chi-square and independent t-tests to examine urban–rural differences. Adjusted multiple linear regressions were conducted to examine the moderating effect of urban–rural status on the association between types of family support and social connectivity with depressive symptoms.ResultsIn rural areas, respondents who felt their children exhibited filial piety (β = −1.512, p &lt; 0.001) and had more social connectivity with family (β = −0.074, p &lt; 0.001) were more likely to report fewer depression symptoms. In urban areas, respondents who received instrumental support from their children (β = −1.276, p &lt; 0.01), who thought their children exhibited filial piety (β = −0.836, p &lt; 0.01), and who had more social connectivity with friends (β = −0.040, p &lt; 0.01) were more likely to report fewer depression symptoms. In the fully adjusted regression model, social connectivity with family was associated with decreased depressive symptoms, although to a lesser degree among urban-dwelling older adults (urban–rural interaction effect, β = 0.053, p &lt; 0.05). Social connectivity with friends was similarly associated with decreased depressive symptoms, although this effect was greater among urban-dwelling older adults (urban–rural interaction effect, β = −0.053, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe results of this study suggested that older adults both in rural and urban areas with family support and social connectivity were associated with fewer depression symptoms. Differences observed in the role of family and friend social connectivity by urban–rural status may provide practical information for developing targeted social support strategies for improving depressive symptoms among Chinese adults, and call for further mixed-methods research to disentangle mechanisms behind these differing associations.
Retrospective analysis on distribution and antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida in clinical samples: a study from Southern India
Authors: S. Umamaheshwari , Sumana M. N. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionCandida is one of the rising primary causes of infections connected with health care. However, their distribution and susceptibility patterns vary widely amongst different regions.MethodThe study was carried out to retrospectively analyze the distribution of Candida in various clinical samples, their species types and susceptibility, in a tertiary care hospital, in India for 4 years using the Vitek-2 database.ResultsCandida infection was identified in 751 clinical samples, and the major source of infection was found to be urine samples accounting for about 58.32%. A total of 18 different Candida species were recorded. Non-albicans Candida (NAC) 73.64% (n = 553) predominated Candida albicans 26.36% (n = 198). Candida tropicalis was found to be identified at a higher frequency followed by C. albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis. Candida tropicalis was the only species which were recovered from bile; Candida pelliculosa was recorded merely from blood and Candida lipolytica from urine and blood and not in any other samples. In vaginal swabs, C. albicans accounted for 63.64% (n = 14) compared to NAC 36.36% (n = 8). The susceptibility test revealed that 75.44% (n = 559) isolates were susceptible and 24.56% (n = 182) were resistant to one or more drugs tested. Major resistance was exhibited to flucytosine by C. tropicalis 77.46% (n = 55) compared to C. albicans 11.27% (n = 8). Apart from C. albicans, NAC-C. tropicalis, C. glabrata and Candida krusei showed resistance to echinocandins, and Candida haemulonii to amphotericin-B.ConclusionThe knowledge of the incidence, resistance and emergence of different species might guide clinicians to select an appropriate antifungal therapy and plan effective strategies to control invasive and systemic Candida infections.
Modifiable determinants of central obesity among the rural black population in the DIMAMO HDSS, Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Ntimana Cairo B. , Choma Solomon S. R. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundCentral obesity is a leading risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases, in which body fat accumulates to a particular extent, and may negatively impact on health. The prevalence of abdominal obesity has increased over the last 10 years and currently surpasses that of overall obesity. There is a scarcity of data on the determinants of central obesity, especially among populations residing in rural Africa. The aim of the present study was thus to determine sociodemographic and lifestyle factors that are associated with central obesity.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, retrospective study. The present study used secondary data from the AWI-Gen phase 1 study. The study comprised 791 participants, of which 242 were men and 549 were women aged 40 years and above. The participants were selected by convenient sampling. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27. A comparison of proportions was performed using the chi-square test, while a comparison of means was performed using an unpaired Student t-test. The association between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors with central obesity was analyzed using bivariate correlation, partial correlation, and binary regression analysis, and the statistical significance was set at a p-value of &lt;0.05.ResultsThe proportion of central obesity in the total population was 59.9%, and significantly more women were centrally obese (79.6 vs. 15.3%, p = &lt;0.001) as compared to men. Married status correlated positively and significantly with central obesity in both bivariate and partial correlations. Moreover, binary logistic regression further confirmed the positive association between married status and central obesity. Single status correlated negatively and significantly with central obesity. The correlation remained unchanged even after controlling for age and gender. Binary logistic regression showed that unemployment correlated significantly with central obesity. The proportion of smokers was also significantly higher in participants without central obesity than in those with central obesity (87.2 vs. 34.0%, p = &lt;0.001). Smoking correlated negatively and significantly with central obesity in bivariate and partial correlations. In addition, binary logistic regression further confirmed the negative association between smoking and central obesity.ConclusionThe present study shows that in this population, central obesity is determined by gender, unemployment, and marital status.
Comparison of surgical resection of Axillary Lymph Nodes in Dogs with Mammary Gland Tumors with or without sentinel lymph node visualization with patent blue dye
Authors: Souza Mayara Coutinho Carlo de , Flecher Mayra Cunha , Arrais Fernanda Ming , Sena Bruna Voltolin de , Giuliano Antonio , Horta Rodrigo dos Santos 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:Dogs’ axillary lymph node (ALN) is often difficult to locate before surgical resection. The anatomical location of ALN often discourages Veterinarians from surgical lymphadenectomy. Considering the limited literature available, the actual incidence of metastases and the prognostic relevance are poorly understood.Methods:A non-randomized, prospective clinical study was conducted with female dogs (n = 41) with mammary gland tumor (MGT) in the thoracic or cranial abdominal mammary glands. The study investigated the risks of ALN metastasis based on tumors clinical findings, tumor size, histopathological diagnosis and grade. The main aim of this study was to compare ALN resection with or without patent blue 2.5% (PB) dye injection for sentinel lymph node visualization. A total of 46 mastectomies were performed and five animals underwent two mastectomies. In the first group, 17 patients underwent a mastectomy and lymphadenectomy without PB injection (G1). In contrast, in the second group, 24 patients also received PB injections for sentinel lymph node mapping (G2). The ALN was identified in 38/46 cases (82%). The ALN was identified and excised in only 58% of surgeries in G1(19/46), while in group 2, the lymph node was identified in 92% of the cases and resected in 100% of the cases. The use of PB improves ALN’s identification and reduces the surgical resection time in dogs with MGT.Results and discussion:Surgical time differed between the two groups, as it was significantly shorter in the PB injection group compared to group 1 (80 vs. 45 min) (p &lt; 0.0001). The overall frequency of ALN metastasis was 32%. Macroscopic abnormalities in the lymph nodes, tumor size (&gt;3 cm), and diagnosis of anaplastic carcinoma or grade II/III mammary gland tumors were associated with a higher probability of ALN metastasis. Metastases in the ALNs are more common, in dogs presenting with tumors larger than 3 cm and diagnosed with aggressive histological subtypes. The ALNs should be removed for correct staging, prognostic evaluation, and decision for adjuvant therapy.
Premier signalement de la forme albinos de Sarcoscypha coccinea (Pezizales, Ascomycota) dans le département du Rhône (France)
Authors: Van Vooren Nicolas , Rivoire Bernard 
Published: May 2023

First record of the albino form of Sarcoscypha coccinea (Pezizales, Ascomycota) in the French department of Rhône.
The discovery of some pure white specimens of Sarcoscypha coccinea
in the south of Lyon (France), in an alluvial forest along the Rhône river, is an opportunity to present and illustrate this remarkable taxon, about 60 years after the last records in the Lyon area. A nomenclatural question is raised about the name to be applied to this particular form, and the name Sarcoscypha coccinea f. albida is proposed as a new combination. Distribution data in France are also provided.