bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEAR: NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR AGING RESEARCH
Authors: Rizzuto Debora , Hofer Scott 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The global increase in life expectancy is one of the greatest achievements of the last half century. However, the demographic developments towards an older population also challenge many parts of the society, especially the health care. Promoting healthy ageing is therefore one of the most important commitments of the 21st century and to succeed, scientifically based knowledge of older individuals’ health- and care requirements are needed. To better understand the individual and population aging process, the National E-infrastructure for Aging Research (NEAR) was founded in 2018 to build and run a national infrastructure by integrating existing databases from the 15 major longitudinal studies on aging and health in Sweden. To show the added value of NEAR, this symposium will present results from four ongoing NEAR projects: 1) Developing a metric of global brain integrity in multiple Swedish studies with different scanners; 2) Functional aging trajectories and drug interactions; 3) Long-term prediction of dementia using machine learning algorithms; 4) The new aging – how different aspect of ageing has changed over half a century. The creation of national infrastructures is needed to achieve broad, multidisciplinary research perspectives that cannot be achieved by individual databases. Moreover, to address the increased health demands of an older population and enhance new opportunities for aging research, a critical mass of data is needed to increase sample sizes, variations, representativeness, and generalizability. Ultimately, this can lead to the identification of sustainable intervention strategies for better health and care for older persons during the coming decades.
IMPACT OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN ADOLESCENCE, YOUNG ADULTHOOD, AND MID-LIFE ON LATE-LIFE COGNITION
Authors: George Kristen , Gilsanz Paola , Peterson Rachel , Barnes Lisa , DeCarli Charles , Mayeda Elizabeth , Mungas Dan , Whitmer Rachel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Using the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (STAR), we assessed cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in adolescence, young adulthood, and midlife with late-life cognition. Among 755 participants, body mass index, blood pressure, glucose, and total cholesterol were collected during Multiphasic Health Checkups (1964-1985). At STAR baseline (2018-2019; mean age=69(SD=9)), executive function (EF), verbal episodic memory (VEM), and semantic memory (SM) were measured using the Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scales. Linear regression models associated CVRFs with cognition. Hypertension was associated with worse late-life EF (β[95% CI]:-0.14[-0.28, -0.00]) and VEM (β[95% CI]:-0.22[-0.37, -0.07]). Diabetes was associated with worse EF (β[95% CI]: -0.43[-0.83, -0.03]). In age-stratified analyses, adolescent hypertension was associated with lower late-life EF (β[95% CI]:-0.39[-0.67, -0.11]). Young adulthood hypertension (β[95% CI]:-0.29[-0.49, -0.09]) and midlife hyperlipidemia (β[95% CI]:-0.386[-0.70, -0.02]) were associated with lower VEM. These results emphasize the importance of lifecourse cardiovascular health on the aging brain among Black Americans.
INTERSECTIONALITY AND QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH: POTENTIALS TO IMPACT QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Authors: Roes Martina , Laporte-Uribe Franziska , Bhatt Jem , Smits Carolien , Johanessen Aud , Peters-Nehrenheim Viktoria , Tezcan-Guentekin Huerrem 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With a growing interest in intersectionality, critical qualitative researchers acknowledge the benefit from incorporating an intersectional lens. Incorporated intersectionality can be beneficial since it allows researchers from different disciplines to consider and account for the participant identities as multidimensional, fluid and, interdependent at each stage of the research process. In this presentation we will offer insights how qualitative research can be enhanced by incorporating an intersectional lens when analyzing the interconnectedness of numerous socially constructed identities (such as sex/gender/ethnicity/transnational families). Furthermore, we will address challenges how to conduct intersectional qualitative research (e.g. intersectional oriented interviews) and analysis (e.g. anticategorial, intracategorial and intercategorial complexity). This approach challenges on many levels, but since qualitative and interdisciplinary research is about utilizing meaning of phenomena, incorporating an intersectional lens will not only expand the methodological horizon of researchers but also stimulate ethical and critical inquiry throughout the research process.
HEARING THE VOICE OF OLDER MIGRANTS WITH DEMENTIA: A DECOLONIAL APPROACH OF PARTICIPATIVE ACTION RESEARCH
Authors: Chaouni Saloua Berdai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Gerontological research has been proven not always to succeed in engaging older migrants and their families. Various attempts are made to give voice to this under-researched population. Qualitative methods like participative action research (PAR) have been put forward as a way to engage this population. However, this approach does not always succeed to achieve this goal. Drawing on insights from decolonial frameworks, we present a learning process in engaging older migrants with and without dementia and their family members in developing a migration-sensitive reminiscence approach as a psycho-social intervention for older migrants with dementia. The emphasis of decolonial perspectives on seeing this population as the “Knower”, deep reflection on own coloniality of mind as a researcher while critically looking at exclusive aspects of epistemology offers a supporting gaze to reshape PAR as an approach where this population is not only given voice but also heard.
THE IMPACT OF FFC-AC-EIT ON DECREASING USE OF PSYCHOTROPIC MEDICATIONS AND OPIOIDS IN ASSISTED LIVING
Authors: Resnick Barbara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The secondary aim of the study testing the impact of Function Focused Care for Assisted Living Using the Evidence Integration Triangle (FFC-AL-EIT) was to decrease psychotropic medications and opioids among assisted living residents. Function Focused Care is a philosophy of care in which direct care workers are taught how to evaluate older adults' underlying function and physical activity and optimize their participation in all activities. This randomized controlled trial included 85 communities and 781 residents across three states. A total of 501 out of 794 participants (63%) received at least one psychotropic medication or opioid. Except for opioid use at four months, there was no significant difference in the intervention groups with regard to medication use at any time point. The findings suggest that encouraging participation in physical activity during all care interactions does not result in an increase in the need for and prescribing of psychotropic medications or opioids.
REBALANCING LONG-TERM CARE: THE ROLE OF MEDICAID-MANAGED LONG-TERM SERVICES AND SUPPORTS
Authors: Degenholtz Howard 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
From 2018 to 2020, Pennsylvania conducted a phased implementation of a mandatory Medicaid managed long-term services and supports program called Community HealthChoices (CHC). The new program covers people receiving Medicaid financed long-term services and supports (LTSS) in nursing homes and home and community-based settings. The three participating MCOs are incentivized to serve people in the community. This study took advantage of the phased implementation to generate causal estimates of the effect of the new program on both the extensive margin (the proportion of people receiving HCBS vs. nursing homes), and the intensive margin (the type and amount of HCBS services). Medicaid claims data for the years 2013 to 2020 were analyzed to examine pre-program trends and program effects. There was a long-term pre-program trend away from nursing homes. The implementation of managed care did not appear to accelerate this trend, however, analysis of data from 2020 is complicated by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, MLTSS did appear to control to growth in hours of personal care per person both in the aggregate and longitudinally within the same individuals over time. There were decreases in the use of adult day services and home delivered meals. However, the decline in home delivered meals was more than offset by an increase in uptake of the supplementary nutritional assistance program (SNAP). This is the first causal analysis of the effects of managed care on use of long-term services and supports. The findings have implications for other states that are considering implementing similar policies.
Model-based deconvolution for particle analysis applied to a through-focus series of HAADF-STEM images
Authors: Ohsuna Tetsu , Oh-ishi Keiichiro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an approach for determining the sizes and three-dimensional (3D) positions of nanoparticles from a through-focus series of high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy images. By assuming spherical particles with uniform density, the sizes and 3D positions can be derived via Wiener deconvolution using a series of kernels prepared by the convolution of the 3D point spread function of the electron beam and the 3D density distribution of spheres with different radii. This process is referred to as a model-based deconvolution. Four 3D datasets with a volume size of 148 × 148 × 560 nm3 were obtained from the four sets of 256 high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy images of 256 × 256 pixels taken from the same field of view under the through-focus condition. The 3D positions and radii of 14 particles in each 3D dataset were derived using the model-based deconvolution for ∼8 min. The observation errors of the 3D position were estimated as σx ≅ σy ≅ 0.3 nm and σz &lt; 1.6 nm.
The 2019–2020 Dengue Fever Epidemic: Genomic Markers Indicating Severity in Dominican Republic Children
Authors: Simpson Brittany N , Mejía Sang Miguel E , Collado Puello Yonairy , Diaz Brockmans Elvira J , Díaz Soto María F , Rivera Defilló Stephanie M , Taveras Cruz Karla M , Santiago Pérez Javier O , Husami Ammar , Day Melissa E , Pilipenko Valentina , Mena Rafael , Mota Cesár , Hostetter Margaret K , Muglia Louis J , Schlaudecker Elizabeth , Gonzalez del Rey Javier , Martin Lisa J , Prada Carlos E 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We performed an observational cohort study to assess associations between genetic factors of dengue fever (DF) severity in children in the Dominican Republic. A total of 488 participants had serologically confirmed DF. We replicated the association between the IFIH1 gene (rs1990760) and severe DF (n = 80/488, p = 0.006) and identified novel associations needing further investigation.
Impacts of climate and tree morphology on tree-ring stable isotopes in central Mongolia
Authors: Leland Caroline , Andreu-Hayles Laia , Cook Edward R , Anchukaitis Kevin J , Byambasuren Oyunsanaa , Davi Nicole , Hessl Amy , Martin-Benito Dario , Nachin Baatarbileg , Pederson Neil 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecent climate extremes in Mongolia have ignited a renewed interest in understanding past climate variability over centennial and longer time scales across north-central Asia. Tree-ring width records have been extensively studied in Mongolia as proxies for climate reconstruction, however, the climate and environmental signals of tree-ring stable isotopes from this region need to be further explored. Here, we evaluated a 182-year record of tree-ring δ13C and δ18O from Siberian Pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) from a xeric site in central Mongolia (Khorgo Lava) to elucidate the environmental factors modulating these parameters. First, we analyzed the climate sensitivity of tree-ring δ13C and δ18O at Khorgo Lava for comparison with ring-width records, which have been instrumental in reconstructing hydroclimate in central Mongolia over two millennia. We also compared stable isotope records of trees with partial cambial dieback (‘strip-bark morphology’), a feature of long-lived conifers growing on resource-limited sites, and trees with a full cambium (‘whole-bark morphology’), to assess the inferred leaf-level physiological behavior of these trees. We found that interannual variability in tree-ring δ13C and δ18O reflected summer hydroclimatic variability, and captured recent, extreme drought conditions, thereby complementing ring-width records. The tree-ring δ18O records also had a spring temperature signal and thus expanded the window of climate information recorded by these trees. Over longer time scales, strip-bark trees had an increasing trend in ring-widths, δ13C (and intrinsic water-use efficiency, iWUE) and δ18O, relative to whole-bark trees. Our results suggest that increases in iWUE at this site might be related to a combination of leaf-level physiological responses to increasing atmospheric CO2, recent drought, and stem morphological changes. Our study underscores the potential of stable isotopes for broadening our understanding of past climate in north-central Asia. However, further studies are needed to understand how stem morphological changes might impact stable isotopic trends.
Specialized Nurse-led Care of Chronic Wounds During Hospitalization and After Discharge: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sili Alessandro , Zaghini Francesco , Monaco Dario , Dal Molin Alberto , Mosca Nella , Piredda Michela , Fiorini Jacopo 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effectiveness of specialized nurse-led care of patients with chronic wounds, provided both during hospitalization and postdischarge, on wound healing and readmission rates.

METHODS
An unblinded randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants were patients with chronic wounds, randomly assigned to either the experimental group (cared for by wound care nurses both during hospitalization and postdischarge) or to the control group (cared for according to standard practice). Wound healing was identified as the primary outcome.

RESULTS
Overall, 1,570 patients were randomized, 1,298 of whom were included in the per-protocol analysis (707 in the experimental group and 591 in the control group). Nurse-led wound care quadrupled the probability of healing and reduced the number of treatment weeks and hospital readmissions.

CONCLUSIONS
Chronic wound care that was entrusted to specialized nurses improved outcomes in terms of wound healing, repair and regeneration, length of treatment, and rate of readmission, compared with standard practice. Future studies should evaluate the impact of care provided by specialized wound care nurses on patients’ quality of life and healthcare costs. Nurse managers should promote the implementation of chronic wound clinical-care pathways entrusted to specialized nurses to improve patients’ clinical outcomes and reduce hospital readmissions.
Timing of Post-bath Skin Moisturizer Application to Newborn Infants: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Gözen Duygu , Akarsu Özlem , Dur Şadiye , Akça Burcu 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether the timing of postbath moisturizer application affected the skin moisture (SM) and body temperature (BT) of newborn infants.

METHODS
The researchers conducted a randomized controlled study with 80 newborns who were monitored in a university hospital between March 2017 and May 2018. In both the control and experimental groups, newborns were bathed and dried. However, in the control group, moisturizer was applied immediately to the newborn’s body, whereas in the experimental group, moisturizer was applied 10 minutes after the completion of the bath. Researchers evaluated the BT and SM of all infants both before and immediately after the bath and at 10, 20, 40, and 60 minutes postbath.

RESULTS
The control and experimental groups were similar according to the descriptive characteristics of the infants (P > .05). In both groups, infants’ SM values increased in the first 10 minutes after the bath compared with the prebath values (P < .05). However, the whole-body SM value of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group 60 minutes postbath (P = .027). There was also a statistically significant change in the body temperatures of infants in both groups after bathing (P = .004).

CONCLUSIONS
Waiting 10 minutes postbath before applying moisturizer positively affected newborns’ SM and BT. Additional research with a broader age range and a more diverse sample is needed to further clarify the effects of postbath moisturizer application timing on newborns’ SM and BT.
Influence of Nutrition Status and Compression Therapy on Venous Ulcer Healing: A Systematic Review
Authors: García-Rodríguez María Teresa , Rodríguez-Parrado Marta , Seijo-Bestilleiro Rocío , González-Martín Cristina 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To review the literature to determine whether compression therapies and nutrition status influence venous ulcer healing.

DATA SOURCE
A systematized bibliographic review was carried out by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for studies published between 2015 and 2020, using descriptors in Spanish and English.

STUDY SELECTION
After establishing the research question and applying the filters based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 114 articles were found. After screening, 11 articles were selected for the review: 8 were identified in the literature search, and 3 were added from the bibliographic references of other studies.

DATA EXTRACTION
The authors developed a data extraction sheet that recorded the following variables: author, country, year of publication, level of evidence, research design, therapy type, initial ulcer size, active ulcer history, pain, healed wounds, wound reduction, therapy tolerance, nutrition assessment method, body mass index, and nutrition disorders.

DATA SYNTHESIS
Four studies analyzed the relationship between nutrition status and venous ulcer healing, finding that these patients tend to have a high body mass index; a deficit of nutrients such as vitamin A, D, or zinc; and an excess of lipids and carbohydrates. Seven studies compared different types of compression to determine which provided the best results, with two- and four-layer therapy being the most commonly used. Variables such as small wound size and recent onset were associated with better prognosis.

CONCLUSIONS
In terms of nutrition, the parameters analyzed are very limited. Although several studies show that two-layer therapy produces the greatest ulcer healing, there is not enough information to recommend one type of therapy over the other. Therefore, more clinical trials are needed to study broader nutrition parameters and compare the types of therapy under matched conditions to determine their influence on ulcer healing.
Necessary but Insufficient and Possibly Counterproductive: The Complex Problem of Teaching Evaluations
Authors: Ginsburg Shiphra , Stroud Lynfa 
Published: December 2022

The evaluation of clinical teachers’ performance has long been a subject of research and debate, yet teaching evaluations (TEs) by students remain problematic. Despite their intuitive appeal, there is little evidence that TEs are associated with students’ learning in the classroom or clinical setting. TEs are also subject to many forms of bias and are confounded by construct-irrelevant factors, such as the teacher’s physical attractiveness or personality. Yet they are used almost exclusively as evaluations of and feedback to teachers. In this commentary, the authors review the literature on what TEs are meant to do, what they actually do in the real world, and their overall impact. The authors also consider productive ways forward.
While TEs are certainly necessary to provide the crucial student voice, they are insufficient as the sole way to assess teachers. Further, they are often counterproductive. TEs carry so much weight for faculty that they can act as a disincentive for teachers to challenge learners and provide them with the critical feedback they often need, lest students give them poor ratings. To address these challenges, changes are needed, including embedding TEs in a programmatic assessment framework. For example, TEs might be used for formative feedback only, while other sources of data, such as peer assessments, learning outcomes, 360-degree feedback, and teacher reflections, could be collated into a portfolio to provide a more meaningful evaluation for teachers. Robust, transparent systems should be in place that dictate how TE data are used and to ensure they are not misused. Clinical teachers who do not “fail to fail” learners but instead take the time and effort to identify and support learners in difficulty should be recognized and rewarded. Learners need this support to succeed and the obligation to protect patients demands it.
Key Factors Related to Household Emergency Preparedness Among Parents of Newborn Infants
Authors: Nurse-Clarke Natasha , Heagele Tara 
Published: December 2022

Background:
A natural disaster can have devastating consequences for newborn infants. Despite this fact, there are few studies that have explored household emergency preparedness (HEP) among parents of newborn infants or factors affecting HEP in this population.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between various demographic and socioeconomic variables and levels of HEP among parents of newborn infants.

Methods:
Parents of newborn infants born at a single medical center in Brooklyn, New York, completed a pre- and posttest to determine their level of HEP before and after implementing the Nurses Taking on Readiness Measures (N-TORM) intervention. For this study, a secondary statistical analysis was performed on the HEP scores gathered prior to the intervention and the demographic data collected from participants.

Results:
There was a statistically significant relationship between HEP scores and homeownership t
(62) = 2.75, P = .008, level of education t
(66) = 2.31, P = .024, and income t
(46) = 2.39, P = .021.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Findings from this study indicate that there are various demographic and socioeconomic factors that influence HEP. Another critical finding was that most participants were significantly underprepared for an emergency with an average HEP score of 4.75 (SD = 2.61) out of a possible 11 points. Findings from this study support the need for neonatal and pediatric providers to develop targeted interventions to enhance the preparedness of parents of newborns in general, and in particular, those with lower household incomes, lower levels of education, and those who rent their homes.