bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Treatment Sequencing on Overall Survival in Patients with Transplant-Ineligible Newly Diagnosed Myeloma
Authors: Fonseca Rafael , Facon Thierry , Hashim Mahmoud , Nair Sandhya , He Jianming , Ammann Eric , Lam Annette , Wildgust Mark , Kumar Shaji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Because patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) do not always receive any treatment beyond first-line (1L) therapy, it is imperative that patients receive the best treatment in the 1L setting. However, the optimal initial treatment remains to be identified. We performed a clinical simulation to assess potential outcomes with different treatment sequences.

Patients and Methods
We used a partitioned survival model to compare overall survival (OS) with (1) daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (D-Rd) in 1L followed by a pomalidomide- or carfilzomib-based regimen in second line (2L) versus (2) bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRd) in 1L followed by a daratumumab-based regimen in 2L versus (3) lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) in 1L followed by a daratumumab-based regimen in 2L. Probabilities of transition between health states (1L, 2L+, and death) were based on published clinical data and real-world data from the Flatiron Health database. The proportion of patients discontinuing treatment after 1L (attrition rates) in the base case was estimated with a binomial logistic model using data from the MAIA trial.

Results
Using D-Rd in 1L conferred a longer median OS compared with delaying daratumumab-based regimens until 2L after VRd or Rd, respectively (8.9 [95% CrI 7.58-10.42] vs. 6.92 [5.92-8.33] or 5.75 [4.50-7.25] years). Results of scenario analyses were consistent with the base case.

Conclusion
Our simulation, which incorporates clinically representative treatments and attrition rates, supports the use of D-Rd as initial therapy, rather than delaying the use of daratumumab until later lines of therapy, in patients with transplant-ineligible NDMM.
Food safety in vulnerable populations: A perspective on the challenges and solutions
Authors: Njoagwuani Esther Ibe , Onyeaka Helen , Mazi Ifeanyi Michael , Akegbe Hope , Oladunjoye Iyiola Olatunji , Ochulor Chidinma Ezinne , Omotosho Adeola Dolapo , Odeyemi Olumide A. , Nwaiwu Ogueri , Tamasiga Phemelo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVulnerable populations are a particular group that are not capable of fending for themselves due to a number of limitations. Among many things, of particular concern is the food safety challenges faced by these individuals and the high risk of susceptibility to foodborne diseases. In this paper, an attempt is made to point out the various challenges faced by vulnerable populations that make them more susceptible to foodborne illness than other healthy adults. Also, the paper highlights possible improvement pathways through which these people can have access to safe and nutritious food, and the current interventional steps taken to address the food safety risk associated with food handling activities of food meant for vulnerable groups.
The timing of sleep spindles is modulated by the respiratory cycle in humans
Authors: Ghibaudo Valentin , Juventin Maxime , Buonviso Nathalie , Peter-Derex Laure 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTCoupling of sleep spindles with cortical slow waves and hippocampus sharp-waves ripples is crucial for sleep-related memory consolidation. Recent literature evidenced that nasal respiration modulates neural activity in large-scale brain networks. In the rodent, this respiratory drive strongly varies according to vigilance states. Particularly, during sleep, respiration promotes the coupling between hippocampal sharp-wave ripples and cortical DOWN/UP state transitions. However, no study has examined whether sleep spindles could be respiration-modulated in humans. In this work, we aimed to investigate the influence of breathing on brain oscillations during non-rapid-eye-movement stage 2 sleep (N2) in humans by examining the coupling between sleep spindles and respiration cycle. Full night polysomnography of twenty healthy participants were analysed. Spindles and slow waves were detected during N2 sleep stage. Spindle-related sigma power as well as spindle and slow waves events were analysed according to the respiratory phase. We found a significant coupling between slow and fast spindles with respiration cycle, with enhanced sigma activity and probability of occurrence of spindles during the middle part of the expiration phase. A different coupling was observed between breathing and slow waves that were more distributed around both respiration phase transitions. Our findings suggest that breathing cycle influences the dynamics of brain activity during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep. This may enable sleep spindles to synchronize with other brain rhythms including hippocampus sharp wave ripples and facilitate information transfer between distributed brain networks.
Efficient genetic editing of human intestinal organoids using ribonucleoprotein-based CRISPR
Authors: Skoufou-Papoutsaki Nefeli , Adler Sam , D’Santos Paula , Mannion Liz , Mehmed Shenay , Kemp Richard , Smith Amy , Perrone Francesca , Nayak Komal , Russell Alasdair , Zilbauer Matthias , Winton Douglas J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOrganoids are currently one of the most widely usedex vivomodels in epithelial biology. Combined with genetic editing strategies, organoids offer a promise of rapid and efficient investigation of gene function in many models of human disease. However, to date, the editing efficiency of organoids with the use of non-viral electroporation methods has been only up to 30%, with implications for the subsequent need for selection including including turnaround time and exhaustion or adaptation of the organoid population. Here, we describe an efficient method of intestinal organoid editing using a Ribonucleoprotein CRISPR-based approach. Editing efficiencies of up to 98% in target genes were robustly achieved across different anatomical gut locations and developmental timepoints from multiple patient samples with no off-target editing. The method allowed us to study the effect of the loss of the tumour suppressor gene,PTEN, in normal human intestinal cells. Analysis ofPTENdeficient organoids defined phenotypes that likely relate to its tumour suppressive functionin vivo, such as a proliferative advantage and increased organoid budding. Transcriptional profiling revealed differential expression of genes in pathways commonly known to be associated withPTENloss including mTORC1 activation.
When young adults preparing to enter the workforce find task support stressful: an investigation on individual differences and implications for human resource management
Authors: Nowak Krzysztof 
Published: April 2023

PurposeWhen young employees enter the workforce, young employees typically require extensive task support to perform well and adjust to the workplace setting. However, this support often incorporates controlling supervisor behaviors that can be stressful for them, such as negative feedback, close monitoring and time pressure. This can negatively impact young employees' turnover and work satisfaction. This article presents an empirical investigation of how individual differences related to self-regulation at work determine whether controlling supervisor behaviors are appraised as stressful by young adults preparing to enter the workforce.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 315 university students completed the Survey of Activity Styles (SAS) along with items relating to dispositional traits related to self-regulation in the workplace and appraising controlling supervisor behaviors. A hierarchical regression approach was used to test the study's hypotheses.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that perceiving controlling supervisor behaviors as stressful by young adults preparing to enter the workforce depends on a combination of dispositional traits: emotional reactivity, extraversion and the need for achievement as well as preferences in structuring and completing tasks: multitasking and a methodical approach to tasks.Practical implicationsThe study's results suggest that depending on individual characteristics, providing effective task support to young adults entering the workforce may require adjusting how the task support is provided or guiding and training on how to approach and organize work tasks.Originality/valuePrevious studies focused on the organizational and personal benefits of task support provided to young adults entering the workforce; the study demonstrates how individual differences linked to perceiving controlling supervisor behaviors can undermine these benefits.
English version of Japanese guidance for the use of oral Janus kinase inhibitors (JAK1 and TYK2 inhibitors) in the treatments of psoriasis
Authors: Saeki Hidehisa , Mabuchi Tomotaka , Asahina Akihiko , Abe Masatoshi , Igarashi Atsuyuki , Imafuku Shinichi , Okubo Yukari , Komine Mayumi , Takahashi Kenzo , Torii Hideshi , Morita Akimichi , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi , Watanabe Akira , Ohtsuki Mamitaro ,   Committee for reviewing the safety of molecularly targeted drugs for psoriasis, Japanese Dermatological Association
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis is the English version of Japanese guidance for the use of oral Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (JAK1 and tyrosine kinase 2 [TYK2] inhibitors) in the treatments of psoriasis. Several cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐7, IL‐12, IL‐21, IL‐22, IL‐23, interferon (IFN)‐α, and IFN‐γ, are involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis (including psoriatic arthritis). As oral JAK inhibitors hinder the JAK‐signal transducers and activators of transcription signal transduction routes involved in the signal transduction of these cytokines, they may be effective for the treatment of psoriasis. JAK has four types: JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2. Regarding the use of oral JAK inhibitors for the treatment of psoriasis in Japan, indications of the JAK1 inhibitor upadacitinib were extended also to psoriatic arthritis in 2021, and the use of the TYK2 inhibitor deucravacitinib for plaque‐type psoriasis, pustular psoriasis, and erythrodermic psoriasis became covered by health insurance in 2022. This guidance was developed for board‐certified dermatologists who specialize in the treatment of psoriasis and to promote the proper use of oral JAK inhibitors. In the package inserts and guides for appropriate use, upadacitinib and deucravacitinib are classified as a “JAK inhibitor” and a “TYK2 inhibitor”, respectively, and it is possible that there may be differences in safety between the two drugs. The safety of these drugs will be evaluated for the future by the postmarketing surveillance for molecularly targeted drugs for psoriasis of the Japanese Dermatological Association.
Landscape transcriptomics as a tool for addressing global change effects across diverse species
Authors: Keagy Jason , Drummond Chloe P. , Gilbert Kadeem J. , Grozinger Christina M. , Hamilton Jill , Hines Heather M. , Lasky Jesse , Logan Cheryl A. , Sawers Ruairidh , Wagner Tyler 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLandscape transcriptomics is an emerging field studying how genome‐wide expression patterns reflect dynamic landscape‐scale environmental drivers, including habitat, weather, climate, and contaminants, and the subsequent effects on organismal function. This field is benefitting from advancing and increasingly accessible molecular technologies, which in turn are allowing the necessary characterization of transcriptomes from wild individuals distributed across natural landscapes. This research is especially important given the rapid pace of anthropogenic environmental change and potential impacts that span levels of biological organization. We discuss three major themes in landscape transcriptomic research: connecting transcriptome variation across landscapes to environmental variation, generating and testing hypotheses about the mechanisms and evolution of transcriptomic responses to the environment, and applying this knowledge to species conservation and management. We discuss challenges associated with this approach and suggest potential solutions. We conclude that landscape transcriptomics has great promise for addressing fundamental questions in organismal biology, ecology, and evolution, while providing tools needed for conservation and management of species.
Slow oscillation‐spindle cross‐frequency coupling predicts overnight declarative memory consolidation in older adults
Authors: Weiner Oren M. , O'Byrne Jordan , Cross Nathan E. , Giraud Julia , Tarelli Lukia , Yue Victoria , Homer Léa , Walker Katherine , Carbone Roxanne , Dang‐Vu Thien Thanh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCross‐frequency coupling (CFC) between brain oscillations during non‐rapid‐eye‐movement (NREM) sleep (e.g. slow oscillations [SO] and spindles) may be a neural mechanism of overnight memory consolidation. Declines in CFC across the lifespan might accompany coinciding memory problems with ageing. However, there are few reports of CFC changes during sleep after learning in older adults, controlling for baseline effects. Our objective was to examine NREM CFC in healthy older adults, with an emphasis on spindle activity and SOs from frontal electroencephalogram (EEG), during a learning night after a declarative learning task, as compared to a baseline night without learning. Twenty‐five older adults (M [SD] age = 69.12 [5.53] years; 64% female) completed a two‐night study, with a pre‐ and post‐sleep word‐pair associates task completed on the second night. SO‐spindle coupling strength and a measure of coupling phase distance from the SO up‐state were both examined for between‐night differences and associations with memory consolidation. Coupling strength and phase distance from the up‐state peak were both stable between nights. Change in coupling strength between nights was not associated with memory consolidation, but a shift in coupling phase towards (vs. away from) the up‐state peak after learning predicted better memory consolidation. Also, an exploratory interaction model suggested that associations between coupling phase closer to the up‐state peak and memory consolidation may be moderated by higher (vs. lower) coupling strength. This study supports a role for NREM CFC in sleep‐related memory consolidation in older adults.
Field Evaluation of the Sentinel™ Integrative Passive Sampler for the Measurement of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Water Using a Modified Organosilica Adsorbent
Authors: Edmiston Paul L. , Carter Erika , Toth Kevin , Hershberger Riley , Hill Noah , Versluis Patrick , Hollinden Patrick , Divine Craig 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA passive sampler specifically designed to measure perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water was tested in four study areas (Ellsworth and Peterson Air Force bases, CO and SD; the Ohio River, OH, WV, KY, IN; and the Santa Ana River, CA). Locations included both groundwater and surface water locations. Over the 2‐year study, 96 passive samplers were deployed at 33 sample locations and were compared with co‐collected grab samples, all of which were measured for 19 PFAS analytes by HPLC–MS/MS. Correlations were observed (typically within 2× difference) between aqueous PFAS concentrations measured by passive versus discrete grab samples across over 5 orders of magnitude in concentration (0.5 to 150,000 ng/L). Overall relative percent difference between grab and passive results displayed a median of 18% (interquartile range of −19 to 73%). Detection limits were around 1 ng/L for a 2‐week sampling time with sampling rates ranging from 12 to 70 mL/day in flowing systems. Duplicate samplers were deployed in all study areas which indicated a 14 to 42% (median 24%) relative standard deviation in the precision of passive sampling. Larger variances were seen with sites with higher and potentially more variable water flows. A sub‐set of duplicate samplers were measured by a commercial laboratory which returned equivalent data to research laboratory measurements (43 [±26 SD]% relative percent difference). Standardized protocols and calculation methods were developed to facilitate expanded testing and future broader use of passive sampling for PFAS by site investigators.
Colloidal bismuth pectin‐containing quadruple therapy as the first‐line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: A multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, non‐inferiority clinical trial
Authors: Xie Yong , Hu Yi , Zhu Yin , Wang Hong , Wang Qi‐Zhi , Li Yan‐Qing , Wang Jiang‐Bin , Zhang Zhen‐Yu , Zhang De‐Kui , Liu Xiao‐Wei , Lu Nong‐Hua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundBismuth‐containing quadruple therapy is an effective regimen for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) treatment. No head‐to‐head comparison trials have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of colloidal bismuth pectin (CBP) in quadruple therapy for eradicating H. pylori. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of CBP quadruple therapy and bismuth potassium citrate (BPC) quadruple therapy for 14 days in the first‐line treatment of H. pylori.MethodsIn this multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, non‐inferiority clinical trial, H. pylori‐infected subjects without eradication history were randomized to receive amoxicillin 1 g twice daily, tetracycline 500 mg three time daily, esomeprazole 20 mg twice daily in combination with CBP 200 mg three time daily or BPC 240 mg twice daily for 14 days. 13C‐urea breath tests were used to access the eradication rate at least 4 weeks after treatment.ResultsBetween April 2021 and July 2022, 406 patients were assessed for eligibility and 339 subjects were randomized. The cure rates (primary outcome) of CBP and BPC quadruple therapy were 90.5% and 92.3% (p = 0.56) by intention‐to‐treat analysis, respectively, and 96.1% and 96.2% (p = 1.00) by per‐protocol analysis, respectively. CBP quadruple therapy was non‐inferior to BPC quadruple therapy in the intention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol analysis (p < 0.025). The frequency of adverse events and compliance were not different among the two groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionsBoth CBP and BPC quadruple therapy for 14 days provide high efficacy, good compliance, and safety in the first‐line treatment of H. pylori in China.
Alternative electron transport pathways contribute to tolerance to high light stress in lichenized algae
Authors: Beckett Richard Peter , Roach Thomas , Minibayeva Farida , Werth Silke 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe photosynthetic apparatus of lichen photobionts has been well‐characterized by chlorophyll fluorescence analysis (e.g., by pulse amplitude modulation [PAM]), which provides a proxy of the activity of photosystem II (PSII) and its antenna. However, such kinetics are unable to directly characterize photosystem I (PSI) activity and the associated alternative electron pathways that may be involved in photoprotection. Instead, PSI can be probed in vivo by near‐infrared absorption, measured at the same time as standard chlorophyll fluorescence (e.g., using the WALZ Dual PAM). Here, we used the Dual PAM to investigate cyclic electron flow and photoprotection in a range of mostly temperate lichens sampled from shaded to more open microhabitats. Sun species displayed lower acceptor side limitation of PSI (Y[NA]) early in illumination when compared to shade species, indicative of higher flavodiiron‐mediated pseudocyclic electron flow. In response to high irradiance, some lichens accumulate melanin, and Y[NA] was lower and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH‐2)‐type cyclic flow was higher in melanised than pale forms. Furthermore, non‐photochemical quenching (NPQ) was higher and faster relaxing in shade than sun species, while all lichens displayed high rates of photosynthetic cyclic electron flow. In conclusion, our data suggest that (1) low acceptor side limitation of PSI is important for sun‐exposed lichens; (2) NPQ helps shade species tolerate brief exposure to high irradiance; and (3) cyclic electron flow is a prominent feature of lichens regardless of habitat, although NDH‐2‐type flow is associated with high light acclimation.
Assessing the use of clinical guidelines against domestic violence in southern Sweden: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Wemrell Maria , Tegel Emma , Öberg Johan , Ivert Anna‐Karin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimDomestic violence is a prevalent public health issue. While clinical guidelines and care programs for its identification and handling have been formulated in all administrative regions of Sweden, their degree of implementation is largely unknown. This study aims to assess the implementation of one administrative region's care program, including how it is seen to align with and function in clinical practice, and any perceived barriers to or facilitators of its use.MethodsA survey was distributed to first‐line managers for healthcare units with patient contact in the region (n = 807). The responses were analysed using descriptive statistics. Open responses were analysed thematically. Group interviews (n = 5) were held with caregivers (n = 15) working primarily with young patients and analysed thematically.Results73% of the survey respondents reported previous awareness of the care program, and 27% reported knowledge of its content. The extent to which their staff knew about and followed the care program was assessed to be relatively low. The survey response rate was 19%. Among interview participants, knowledge of the care program was generally quite low. Survey responses and interview discussions pointed to the importance of developing routines, of collegial and managerial support and of training on domestic violence and the care program.ConclusionThis study indicates that the knowledge and use of the regional care program is limited among healthcare staff, including among those working with young patients. This underscores the importance of information and training for furthering the implementation of clinical guidelines on domestic violence.
ORANGE PEEL WASTES AS LOW-COST ADSORBENT FOR REMOVAL OF NICKEL AND CHROMIUM IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors: Salleh Nur Fatien , Syamsurizal M. , Ghafar N. A. , Shukri N. M. , Hapani M. 
Published: April 2023

Agricultural-by products such as orange peel (OP) was found to be abundant in quantity and had great components to adsorb the heavy metals. In this study, orange peel was used as biosorbent in adsorption process of heavy metal. The main aim of this study was carried out to examine the ability of adsorbents orange peel to remove nickel, Ni(II) and chromium, Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution. From literature review, orange peel was proven can adsorb considerable quantities of Ni(II) and Cr(VI) ions in aqueous solution. The adsorption of Ni(II) and Cr(VI) ions were conducted in batch experiment to investigate the different parameters which are the effect of contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage and initial Ni(II) and Cr(VI) concentration. the optimum conditions for Cr(VI) were achieved when using 1.5 g of acid-treated orange peel at pH 3 in 20 ppm of initial Cr(VI) concentration which successfully removed 47.45% of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution within 90 min of contact time. The optimum conditions for Ni(II) were achieved when using 1.0 g acid-treated orange peels at pH 7, with 40 mg/L of initial Ni(II) concentration which removed 83.85% Ni (II) from aqueous solution within 90 min of adsorption time. Statistical analysis showed that that there was a significant mean different between percent removal of heavy metal adsorb by raw and acid-treated corncobs. However, there is no significant relationship between dosage and percent removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. Therefore, raw and acid-treated orange peel certainly can remove Ni(II) and Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution.