bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of the biomarker of peripheral blood of NSCLC patients responding to anti-PD-1 treatment
Authors: Su Shu , Chen Fungjun , Lv Xin , Qi Liang , Ding Zhou , Ren Wei , Wei Ming , Liu Ye , Yu Lixia , Liu Baorui , Wang Lifeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The introduction of anti-PD-1 antibody has greatly improved the clinical outcomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Here we retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of PD-1 antibody-based therapy in patients with locally advanced un-operable or metastatic NSCLC patients and report an association between peripheral blood biomarkers with clinical response in these patients.
Methods
We conducted a single-center study by including medical record data for NSCLC patients treated with PD-1 antibody first-line or posterior-line either as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy. The patients enrolled from 2020 to 2022. Dynamic evaluation of multiple Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the blood serum, as well as analysis of the phenotype of T cells from peripheral blood, was conducted to explore the correlation between cytokines levels, T cell phenotype, and clinical response.
Results
88 stage IIIA-IV NSCLC patients were enrolled. 60(68.18%) patients achieved partial response(PR), 13 (14.77%) patients were stable(SD) and 15(17.05%) patients had progressed disease (PD). The disease control rate (DCR) was 82.95%. Our results suggested a significant reduction (P = 0.002, P < 0.005) of lymphocyte absolute counts after treatment in the patients with disease progression(PD). Higher levels of IFN-γ(P = 0.023,P < 0.05), TNF-α(P = 0.00098,P < 0.005 ), IL-4 (P = 0.0031 ,P < .0.005), IL-5 (P = 0.0015,P < 0.005) and IL-10 ( P = 0.036 ,P < 0.05) were detected in peripheral blood prior to the treatment in PR group comparing with PD group.. Besides, those patients with high IL-5、IL-13、IL-4、IL-6、IFN-γ and TNF-α(> 10ng/ml) had superior PFS than those with low IL-5、IL-13、 IL-4、IL-6、IFN-γ and TNF-α(< 10ng/ml). Moreover, the expression of PD-1 expression on CD8+Tcells was positive associated with the clinical response between response patients (PR)and non-response(SD + PD)patients(P = 0.042, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The findings of this study imply that the decrease in absolute blood lymphocyte counts after treatment is correlated to the progression of the disease. It is possible that serum cytokine concentrations can forecast the effectiveness and survival rate of anti-PD-1 blockade therapy in NSCLC patients. In addition, the expression of PD-1 expression on CD8+Tcells was positive associated with the better clinical response as well. The findings of our study indicated the potential of peripheral blood biomarkers analysis to offer predictive value of PD-1-targeted treatments to NSCLC patients. Large prospective studies need to further clarify the value of these biomarkers.
Genetic Variants Affecting Insulin Signaling Pathways and Risk of Diabetes: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Gohil Namra Vinay , Kandukuri Vaishnavi , Doddareddy Navya Pillikunte , Charpuria Poornima Jaiswal , Kurian Shresta Mary , Babu Vishva , Ganampet Narendranath Reddy , Parmar Mihirkumar P. , Venugopal Vishal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The complicated condition known as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a diverse genetic and environment-related cause. MIM125853 is among the heterogeneous diseases that can also be characterized as a multifactorial disorder of glucose metabolism with genetic susceptibility of an anomaly in the insulin pathway. We conducted the review with aim to assess the genetic variants affecting the insulin pathway as well as evaluate the risk of diabetes in association with genetic variants.
Methods
We used literature of 13 researches that met the inclusion criteria after the process of selection and analyzation. Our analysis included 59,593 participants in total with a gender distribution of 48% males (n = 24,591) and 52% females (n = 35,002).
Result
Gene variants such as PPARG, SLC30A8, KCNJ11, TCF7L2 and many others plays a pivotal role in the development of type-II diabetes as well as optimal functioning of insulin metabolic pathway for glucose metabolism and distribution with circulation.
Conclusion
KCNJ11 regulates insulin release in collaboration with other genes including ABCC8, KAPN10, IRS1 and TCF7L2. Reduced mutual expression of these kinds of genes could contribute to DM susceptibility. However, it is still unknown how precisely the combination of these genes’ functions in the control of insulin secretion.
Magnitude of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Association Factors Among Pregnant Women in Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa, ethiopia in 2021
Authors: Getaneh Chala , wolde haregewyn , Lambebo Abera 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders known to develop during pregnancy. A study in northern Ethiopia found a prevalence of 13% among urban women which was higher than that of women in rural areas (5%). Risk factors for GDM are mainly advanced maternal age, obesity and family history of diabetes.
Objective
This study aims to assess the prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and association factors in public hospitals of Addis Ababa,Ethiopia.
Methods
Hospital-based cross sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa from June 1/2021 to August 1/2021 among randomly selected hospitals. Data was collected through face to face interview using a semi structured questionnaire and stored in to to EPi data version 7.1. Its completeness and cleanliness was checked before importing it to the SPSS version 25 software for the final analysis. The significant factors were computed by using multivariable logistic regression. The independent factors of GDM were those variables with a p < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression model and the measures of association was reported in adjusted odd ratio (AOR) with 95% CI.
Results
This study found that the magnitude of gestational diabetic mellitus among the study participant is 18.7%. Factors like multi Parity [AOR = 5.28, 95% CI, 1.45–19.20], Regular ANC follow up [AOR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.17–0.82], MUAC (24–26 cm) [AOR = 5.07, 95% CI: 1.14–22.65] and Sweet drink consumption [AOR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.10–3.48) were positively associated with Gestational diabetic mellitus. While as fat consumption [AOR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.29–0.94], Nutritional advise [AOR = 0.217, 95% CI: 0.12–0.40], fruit Consumption [AOR = 0.51; 95% CI (0.28, 0.91] and meal frequency of > = 3 time per day [AOR = 0.4; 95% CI (0.22, 0.93)] were negatively associated with Gestational diabetic mellitus.
Conclusions
The overall magngnitude of Gestational diabetic mellitus was found to be 18.7% and a major public health concern among pregnant women in Addis Ababa. Parity, MUAC 24–26 cm, Nutritional advice, Sweet drink, and fat consumption were significantly associated with Gestational diabetic mellitus. Given the imminent burden of obesity, unhealthy eating, and physical inactivity, a substantial threat of Gestational diabetic mellitus is anticipated in Ethiopia. This may be an appropriate time to think about considering the need for routine screening of Gestational diabetic mellitus to reduce the impact of the diseases in the country.
HIV transmission model study with imperfect vaccination and treatment
Authors: Darazirar Rassim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article presents a mathematical model that integrates HIV dynamics with a compartment for chronic diseases. The model takes into account the impact of imperfect vaccination on the spread of HIV, considering the various stages of the disease and the immune response. Model analysis, including the calculation of the basic reproduction number R0, reveals the effect of vaccination on the long-term prevalence of HIV. If R0 > 1, the disease persists, where as if R0 < 1, the disease dies out. The transition of individuals to the chronic disease compartment is also explored. The results emphasize the importance of vaccination efficacy and duration of protection in controlling the spread of HIV and its progression to chronic stages. Relevant implications for HIV prevention and management strategies emerge from this study.
Evaluation of FNAC Thyroid Smears Using Bethesda System For Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology Nomenclature With Clinicopathological Correlation
Authors: Ansari Shamim Ahmad , Malik Reeni , Jain Pramila 
Published: September 2023

Background: The study aimed to interpret thyroid cytology by the Bethesda System for reporting thyroid cytology (TBSRTC) and to analyze the distribution of lesions under various diagnostic categories and subcategories.
Methodology: This study was conducted as an observational study at tertiary care centre on patients with thyroid lesions. After history taking and detailed local, general and systemic examination, thyroid function tests were conducted. Apart from this, ultrasonography of lesion was done. Patients were subjected to FNAC and after fixation smears were stained with Papanicolaou stain.
Results: About 53% thyroid lesions were hemorrhagic, followed by 17% blood mixed colloid and 4% colorless serous fluid. Sample adequacy was noted in 93.5% cases in our study. According to Bethesda system of classification, majority of lesions were benign (81.5%) whereas 6.5% lesions were unsatisfactory. Only 6% lesions were categorsied as malignant.
Conclusion: FNAC is widely accepted as the most accurate, sensitive, specific, and cost- effective diagnostic procedure in the preoperative assessment of thyroid nodules. It is the first line of investigation and can differentiate benign nodules from malignant nodules of the thyroid in 95% cases. Applying a standard reporting system for thyroid cytology may enhance the communication between pathologists and clinicians, assists them to find out the rate of malignancy in each cytological group, and facilitating a more reliable approach for patient management.
Solid Papillary Carcinoma: A Clinicopathological Evaluation of a Rare Variant of Carcinoma Breast
Authors: Shah Dhruvi Neel , Mistry Yogesh , Chaudhry Bhawana , Shah Rakshit 
Published: September 2023

Background: Solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) of the breast is considered a low grade carcinoma with a favorable prognosis. We aimed to describe clinicopathologic features including immunohistochemistry expression profile and to delineate adverse prognostic features, if any.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with SPC between the years 2016–2022 were retrospectively identified from the archives at Kailash Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Goraj. Microscopic slides and clinical history were reviewed. Immunohistochemical stains were performed.
Results: Of 12 SPCs cases retrieved, 11 (92%) were associated with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The median tumour size was 1.6cm (range 1.3-7.0cm). All tumors were positive for hormone receptor expression and negative for HER-2Neu. 6 cases (50%) show neuroendocrine differentiation. Lymph node involvement was identified in 4/12 (33.3%) patients. Of 12 patients with outcome data (median follow-up 30 months, range 7-72 months), none (0%) developed local recurrence. No distant metastasis or deaths were observed.
Conclusions: SPCs has excellent prognosis with no local recurrence or distant metastasis in this study. Axillary node metastasis is found to be associated with larger tumor size, however it appears to have no impact on disease free or overall survival.
Metode Evaluasi Tipologi Street Front
Authors: Buwono Ruth Aureline Marsha , Sunaryo Rony Gunawan , Hariyanto Agus Dwi 
Published: September 2023

Title: Street Front Typology Evaluation Method; The Case of Kembang Jepun, Surabaya

The Kembang Jepun district is one of the old districts of Surabaya. Located on the banks of the Kalimas River, Kembang Jepun determines the pulse of trading activity in Surabaya. As a vital district in Surabaya, the district needs to maintain its image and vitality in its corridors. The quality of the street front is all the things and activities that occur in city corridors, between buildings and roads. The street front is one of the main factors in determining the image and life of the district. This study aims to determine the street front quality in Kembang Jepun, to identify the parts of the district with the best and worst quality of the street front, and to classify the determining elements of the quality of the street front. This study uses descriptive qualitative method research. The analysis found that the Kembang Jepun district is classified as a district with a low skewed street front quality. Jalan Kembang Jepun corridor, an arterial road for Surabaya City with high connectivity, was found to have the best street front quality. Then, Jalan Kalimas Utara Corridor facing Kalimas River, is the road with the worst street front quality. The determining elements of the quality of the street front include the quality of the building facade, the presence of pedestrian paths, activities in front of the building, building openings, and road connectivity.
Tarihi Mudurnu Kentinin Bellek Mekanları Olarak Kültürel Miras Değerleri
Authors: ACAR ATA İlknur 
Published: September 2023

Kentlerin tarihinde toplumların sahip olduğu belleğin	sürekliliğinin sağlanmasında etkin değerler bulunmaktadır. Bu değerler toplumun barınma, ticaret, ibadet, üretim ve tüketim faaliyetlerinin gerçekleştiği somut mekanları ve somut olmayan temsili mekanları kapsamaktadır. Toplumun hafızasında geçmiş ile gelecek arasında köprü niteliğindeki bellek mekanlarının varlığının toplum deneyimiyle yaşatılarak devamının sağlanmasına yönelik koruma çalışmaları bulunmaktadır. Özellikle UNESCO, ICOMOS gibi uluslararası kuruluşlar kültürel miras varlıklarının bellek değerlerinin sürdürülmesinde tarihi kent kimliğine uygun bütünleşik koruma sağlanmasına yönelik faaliyetler göstermektedir. Kültürel miras varlıklarının sahip olduğu özgün değerlerin içinde kent belleğindeki yeri kente dair birçok bilgi sunmaktadır. Kültürel miras varlıkları olarak tarihi yapılar yapıldıkları dönemden geleceğe bellek mekanı olarak kullanım değerlerindeki değişimlerle kolektif belleğinde değişken yapısını göstermektedir. Somut olmayan kültürel miras varlığı olan sözlü aktarımlar, gelenekler, anmalar, temsiller, el sanatlarının üretimi ve süreci, folklorik değerler geçmiş birikimin aktarılması odaklı bellek sürekliliğini sağlamaktadır.
Bu araştırmada sahip olduğu kültürel miras değerleri ile 2015 yılında UNESCO dünya mirası geçici listesine kabul gören Bolu İli'ne bağlı Mudurnu İlçesi’nin bellek mekanları incelenmektedir. Kent tarihi açısından birçok uygarlığın izlerinin sürüldüğü Mudurnu’nun gelişiminde Osmanlı döneminin etkisi günümüzde de görülmektedir. Kent İpek Yolu güzergahında olup, topoğrafyaya ve iklim koşullarına uyumlu geleneksel bir yerleşime sahiptir. Bellek mekanı olarak toplumun yaşama biçimini, geleneklerini, göreneklerini, sosyal ve ekonomik durumunu ortaya koyan geleneksel yerleşimin öğeleri cami, hamam, arasta, türbeler ve evlerin büyük bir bölümü kentsel sit kararları dâhilinde koruma altındadır. Kentin coğrafi konumu, yoğun olmayan nüfusu ve fiziksel gelişimine bağlı olarak yerleşimin tarihi özgün dokusu muhafaza edilmiştir. Bu durum kent belleğini oluşturan kültürel miras değerindeki somut ve somut olmayan varlıklarının günümüze dek gelmesini sağlamıştır. Çalışma kapsamında bellek mekanı olarak kentte Osmanlı dönemine ait günümüzde varlığını devam ettiren Yıldırım Beyazıd Camii ve Hamamı, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Camii, tarihi Arasta, Saat Kulesi, yeniden kullanılan konaklar, türbeler ve çeşmeler ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca kentin UNESCO dünya miras geçici listesine kayıt olmasında etkin olan somut olmayan kültürel miras değeri ahilik geleneği de toplum kimliğinde aidiyet duygusu, ticaret felsefesi, zanaat üretimdeki rolüyle bir bellek mekanı olarak gösterilmiştir. Bu geleneğin aktarılmasına yönelik uygulamalara değinilmiştir.
An object of great archaeological value in the Museum of Mitrovica
Authors: HAJZERİ Pajazit , NAMANİ Kazım 
Published: September 2023

Archeology is the science that allowed us to know the past of human societies and brought to light many exhibits, whether movable or static. However, random finds are just as valuable as those that are made with purpose and prepared, such as archaeological expeditions.
The Muse statue in Mitrovica was accidentally discovered during the excavation of the foundations for the construction of the city's gymnasium, but its value is extremely high since it is unique in Kosovo, while in other countries it is very rare.
The statue of the Muse is made of lead, which shows us that this region knew the processing of metals very early, it also gives us information that apart from exploitation, the craft of metal processing was also very well known.
The statue of the Museum in Mitrovica is one of the most precious exhibits that is kept in the city museum, this exhibit also has a special security, while its copy is presented to the public in the museum exhibition.
How does the Immunological System Change during the SARS-COV-2 Attack? A Clue for the New Immunotherapy Discovery
Authors: Hajihasani Mohammad Mahdi , Farkhad Najmeh Kaffash , Mahmoudi Ali , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) is one of the biggest unsolved global problems of the 21st century for which there has been no definitive cure yet. Like other respiratory viruses, SARS-COV-2 triggers the host immunity dramatically, causing dysfunction in the immune system, both innate and adaptive, which is a common feature of COVID-19 patients. Evidence shows that in the early stages of COVID-19, the immune system is suppressed while it is overactive in severe patients characterized by excessive and prolonged inflammatory responses called "Cytokine Storm". There are many elements in the immune system that undergo alterations as the disease progresses. Some significant changes in the innate immune system following infection with SARS-COV-2 include delayed or inhibited interferon type 1 production by the infected cells leading to elevated virus replication, excessive recruitment of activated monocytes and macrophages, decrease in eosinophil population (eosinopenia), consequent decrease in CD8+T lymphocyte proliferation, natural killer (NK) cell dysfunction, and increase in neutrophil infiltration (neutrophilia) and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. Moreover, hallmark alterations in the adaptive immune system in this process cause an overall decrease in the T lymphocyte number (lymphopenia) and changes in the activity of some lymphocyte subsets and a number of B cells. This review delves into the mentioned changes in the immune system following SARS-COV-2 infection and the implications thereof to guide the development of immunotherapies for patients with COVID-19.
Computational Studies and Synthesis of New Heterocyclics as CNS Agents
Authors: Saini Pooja , Kumar Sushil 
Published: September 2023

Aim:
This research work aimed to design and synthesize some new molecules of phenothiazine.
The work’s emphasis was on forming new phenothiazines in two series, 1-(10H-phenothiazin-
10-yl)-2-((4-(1-(phenylimino)ethyl)phenyl)amino)ethan-1-one derivatives (4a-4j) and 1-(4-((2-oxo-2-
(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)ethyl)amino)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one derivatives (P1-P5).

Methods:
Chloroacetylation of phenothiazine was done to afford 2-chloro-1-(10H-phenothiazin-10-
yl)ethan-1-one, which was further reacted with 4-amino acetophenone to produce 2-((4-
acetylphenyl)amino)-1-(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)ethan-1-one. Then, it was treated with substituted
anilines and substituted benzaldehydes to produce the final derivatives 4a-4j and P1-P5, respectively.

Results:
All 15 derivatives (4a-4j and P1-P5) were characterized by evaluating their Rf value, melting
point, solubility, IR spectroscopy, and 1HNMR spectroscopy. Molecular docking was performed by
using AutoDock Vina v.1.2.0 (The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA) docking software,
and the anxiolytic activity of the derivatives was assessed by using the elevated plus maze model.

Conclusion:
The designed scheme was executed in the departmental laboratory. The chemical structure
of the compounds was confirmed on the basis of TLC, IR, and 1HNMR analyses. The docking
study revealed a good docking score of the compounds. The Log P value of the compounds indicated
their good penetration into CNS. The compounds were also screened for anxiolytic activity. Among
them, compounds 4f, 4h, and P3 showed maximum activity as anti-anxiolytic agents.
Circulating MiR-1185¸ MiR-3183, and MiR-584 Levels in Plasma as
Diagnostic Non-invasive Biomarkers for Early Detection of Breast Cancer
Authors: Khalafi-Nezhad Abolfazl , Abdollahi Ahmad , Barazesh Mahdi , Amani Marzieh , Motazedi Setare , Ebrahimi Vahid , Zarei Ali 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules with short sequences
that function as main post-transcriptional gene regulators of different biological pathways via negative
regulation of gene expression, thereby leading to either mRNA degradation or translational
blockade. Dysregulated expression of these miRNAs has been related etiologically to many human
diseases, including breast cancer. Various cellular processes of breast cancer progression, including
cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, recurrence and chemodrug resistance, are modulated by oncogenic
miRNA (oncomiR).

Objective:
The objective of this investigation was to study the expression level and potential diagnostic/
prognostic roles of circulating microRNAs (miR-3183, miR-1185, and miR-584) as novel breast
cancer biomarkers.

Method:
The current study was conducted on 99 breast cancer (BC) female patients, aged between
20-63 years old, as the case group and 50 age-matched healthy females as control (HC). After microRNA
extraction from the serum samples, real-time PCR was carried out for relative expression
quantification of miR-1185, miR-3183a, and miR-584. The ROC curve analysis was performed to
investigate the diagnostic value of miRNAs.

Result:
It was demonstrated that miRNA-1185, miRNA-584, and miRNA-3183 were significantly
up-regulated (p-values <0.0001) in female BC cases compared to the control group. Besides, based
on the ROC analysis for BC versus HC, it was revealed that the AUC for miRNA-584 was 0.844
(95% confidence interval (CI) and could be proposed as a diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer
screening and follow-up.

Conclusion:
MiRNAs expression profiling using blood-based samples demonstrated their upregulation
in the serum and plasma and revealed the concept that circulating miRNAs have high potential as
novel noninvasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and screening.