bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catchment‐scale skill assessment of seasonal precipitation forecasts across South Korea
Authors: Lee Yongshin , Peñuela Andres , Pianosi Francesca , Rico‐Ramirez Miguel Angel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClimate change is expected to make droughts more frequent and severe all over the world. South Korea is no exception and is already suffering from extreme droughts such as one that prolonged from 2013 to 2015 and caused nation‐wide damage. To mitigate drought damages, better management of existing water infrastructure is essential. A promising opportunity to improve operational decisions is to make use of seasonal weather forecasts that are provided by general circulation models and can be downscaled to the catchment scale. This study hence assesses the skill of seasonal forecasts over 20 catchments in South Korea, where the largest reservoirs are located. Datasets from four weather forecasting centres (ECMWF, UK Met Office, Météo France and DWD) have been evaluated over the period 2011–2020, and their skill quantified using the Continuous Ranked Probability Skill Score (CRPSS). We analyse how skill varies across the seasons and years, and if it can be linked to catchments characteristics. In doing so, we develop a methodology and a Python package to implement it, which is freely available for future applications to other regions. As for the study case, our results showed that among the four forecasting centres, ECMWF's forecasts were the most skilful in South Korea. In particular, seasonal forecasts outperform the climatology for 2 months of lead time and are more skilful during the wet season and in dry years. Linear bias correction is found to be useful to correct systematic seasonal biases, whereas we found no significant correlation between the catchment characteristics and forecast skill. We also investigated the possibility of anticipating dry years from seasonal forecasts and/or ENSO indices but found no significant link.
Alvania acidasp. nov., a new late Quaternary gastropod adapted to the shallow‐marine CO2seep of Vulcano Island
Authors: Garilli Vittorio , Reitano Agatino , Scuderi Danilo , Parrinello Daniela 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTSubmarine CO2emissions are a recent (probably younger than about 5 ka) expression of volcanism at Vulcano Island (off NE Sicily), a Mediterranean natural laboratory for the study of ocean acidification. An impoverished molluskan association is known from the naturally acidified waters of Vulcano, at Levante Bay, where pH drops to 5.64. Here we describe a new gastropod,Alvania acidasp. nov., living in the bay, and found at the nearby site of Capo Milazzo (NE coast of Sicily) within a Late Pleistocene paleocommunity related to vegetated bottoms. The study species underwent a habitat change during its short evolutionary history, resulting in the recent adaptation to the CO2seep at Vulcano. Similarly to the gastropodsTritia corniculumandT. neriteafrom the same seep,A. acidawas up to 24% smaller than fossil shells from Milazzo, showing a further probable case of adaptation to high‐CO2waters through dwarfing. The new species shows distinctive features: an inflated shell; very convex, axially ribbed whorls; weak spiral cords. Because of its current distribution, limited to Levante Bay, and anthropogenic pressure from tourism affecting the site,A. acidadeserves protection.
Methodological considerations for novel approaches to covariate‐adjusted indirect treatment comparisons
Authors: Remiro‐Azócar Antonio , Heath Anna , Baio Gianluca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe examine four important considerations in the development of covariate adjustment methodologies for indirect treatment comparisons. First, we consider potential advantages of weighting versus outcome modeling, placing focus on bias‐robustness. Second, we outline why model‐based extrapolation may be required and useful, in the specific context of indirect treatment comparisons with limited overlap. Third, we describe challenges for covariate adjustment based on data‐adaptive outcome modeling. Finally, we offer further perspectives on the promise of doubly robust covariate adjustment frameworks.
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Authors: Wang Donghui , Guan Chenxia , Sun Lirong , Zhang Qinling , Pan Shihui , Chen Hao 
Published: June 2023

The cover image is based on the Research Article Improvement of the UV‐resistance capability of fish gelatin‐oxidized starch film via inserting mycosporine‐like amino acids by Donghui Wang et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.12587.
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Photobiomodulation self‐treatment at home after rotator cuff arthroscopic repair accelerates improvement in pain, functionality, and quality of life: A double‐blind, sham‐controlled, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Abufoul Rabie , Gavish Lilach , Haddad Marwan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether self‐applied photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy at home, following rotator cuff arthroscopic surgery (RCAS) can accelerate improvement in patient‐reported outcomes within the first 6 months postsurgery.MethodsThis study was a prospective, double‐blind, sham‐controlled, randomized clinical trial (NCT04593342). Patients (n = 50, age 55 ± 7 years, male:female 29:21) who underwent primary RCAS were randomized to receive active (n = 22) or sham (n = 28) PBM devices (B‐Cure Laser Pro, Erica B‐Cure LASER Ltd., Haifa, Israel) in addition to standard care. Patients self‐applied the treatments (808 nm, 15 min, 16.5 J/cm2) at home for 3 months postsurgery. Evaluations were conducted before the surgery (baseline) and at 1–3 and 6 months post‐RCAS (FU‐1M, FU‐3M, FU‐6M), and included Constant–Murley score (CMS), range of motion (ROM), subjective pain by visual analogue scale (VAS), disability by QuickDASH, and quality of life (QOL) by SF‐12. The difference from baseline to follow‐up (ΔFU), %patients achieving minimal clinical important difference (MCID), and patient acceptable symptom score (PASS) were calculated. Comparisons were conducted with superiority 2‐sample t test and χ2.ResultsBaseline values were not significantly different between groups. Both groups had similar improvements in CMS and ROM. However, compared to Sham, PBM significantly accelerated subjective pain reduction at 3 and 6 months (VAS mean ± SD, PBM‐vs‐Sham: ΔFU‐3M 32 ± 33 vs. 16 ± 27, p = 0.040; ΔFU‐6M: 41 ± 36 vs. 23 ± 26, p = 0.038), with a significantly higher proportion of patients achieving MCID at 3 months (76% vs. 48%, p = 0.027) and PASS at 6 months (48% vs. 23%, p = 0.044). PBM also significantly accelerated improvement in functionality and QOL at 6 months (QuickDASH ΔFU‐6M: 30 ± 24 vs. 18 ± 14, p = 0.029; SF‐12 physical component 6.8 ± 12.5 vs. 0.4 ± 8.6, p = 0.031; SF‐12 mental component 8.5 ± 9.1 vs. 2.2 ± 12, p = 0.032).ConclusionsSelf‐applied photobiomodulation following RCAS significantly accelerates decrease in pain and disability, and improves QOL. This nonpharmacologic add‐on therapeutic modality is easy to use and encourages active patient involvement. Its potential use in rehabilitation following other surgeries should be considered.Level of evidenceLevel I, high‐quality RCT.
The use of hydrogen in monitoring the anoxic corrosion of copper
Authors: Senior Nicholas , Martino Taylor , Keech Peter G. , Binns Wilfred Jeffrey , Diomidis Nikitas , Lilja Christina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCopper has been proposed as a corrosion barrier for used fuel containers due to its thermodynamic stability under the anoxic conditions relevant to a deep geological repository. Laboratory simulations of anticipated repository conditions have demonstrated the production of small quantities of hydrogen gas, which have been interpreted as being indicative of an oxidation (corrosion) process. This work reports new corrosion results for repository‐relevant materials: electrodeposited copper, cold spray copper and junction material under Canadian and Swiss simulated ground waters. The attribution of the recorded hydrogen suggests corrosion is limited to the outermost atomic layers of copper cladding. However, the origins of the hydrogen have not been conclusively determined. Three thermal desorption methods have been used to investigate the outgassing of hydrogen from electrodeposited copper which may permit a more accurate interpretation of the hydrogen evolution profile from corrosion cells.
Log canonical foliation singularities on surfaces
Authors: Chen Yen‐An 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe give a classification of the dual graphs of the exceptional divisors on the minimal resolutions of log canonical foliation singularities on surfaces. As an application, we show the set of foliated minimal log discrepancies for foliated surface triples satisfies the ascending chain condition and a Grauert–Riemenschneider–type vanishing theorem for foliated surfaces with special log canonical foliation singularities.
Potentially functional genetic variants in RPS6KA4 and MAP2K5 in the MAPK signaling pathway predict HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma survival
Authors: Qiu Moqin , Lin Qiuling , Liu Yingchun , Chen Peiqin , Zhou Yunxiang , Jiang Yanji , Zhou Zihan , Wen Qiuping , Zhou Xianguo , Liang Xiumei , Gan Haijie , Yu Hongping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks the third leading cause of cancer deaths with a dismal 5‐year survival rate. The mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is abnormally activated in HCC to promote growth and aggressive metastatic potential of cancer cells. Therefore, genetic variants in the MAPK signaling pathway may serve as potential predictors of Hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related HCC survival. In the present study, we performed a two‐stage survival analysis to evaluate the associations between 10,912 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 79 MAPK signaling pathway genes and the overall survival (OS) of 866 HBV‐related HCC patients, followed by functional annotation. In combined datasets, we identified two novel and potential functional SNPs (RPS6KA4 rs600377 T>G and MAP2K5 rs17300363 A>C) as prognostic factors for HBV‐related HCC, with adjusted allelic hazards ratios of 1.24 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05–1.46, p = 0.010) and 1.48 (1.15–1.91, p = 0.001), respectively. Furthermore, their combined risk genotypes also predicted a poor survival in a dose–response manner in the combined data set (Ptrend < 0.001). Additional functional analysis showed that RPS6KA4 rs600377 G and MAP2K5 rs17300363 C alleles were associated with elevated mRNA expression levels of the corresponding genes in normal tissues. These results provide new insights into the role of genetic variants in the MAPK signaling pathway genes in HBV‐related HCC survival.
Systematic review of reconstruction techniques for accelerated quantitative MRI
Authors: Shafieizargar Banafshe , Byanju Riwaj , Sijbers Jan , Klein Stefan , den Dekker Arnold J. , Poot Dirk H. J. 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo systematically review the techniques that address undersampling artifacts in accelerated quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI).MethodsA literature search was conducted using the Embase, Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, Coherence Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar databases for studies, published before July 2022 proposing reconstruction techniques for accelerated qMRI. Studies are reviewed according to inclusion criteria, and included studies are categorized based on the methodology used.ResultsA total of 292 studies included in the review are categorized. A technical overview of each category is provided, and the categories are described in a unified mathematical framework. The distribution of the reviewed studies over time, application domain, and parameters of interest is illustrated.ConclusionAn increasing trend in the number of articles that propose new techniques for accelerated qMRI reconstruction indicates the importance of acceleration in qMRI. The techniques are mostly validated for relaxometry parameters and brain scans. The categories of techniques are compared based on theoretical grounds, highlighting existing trends and potential gaps in the field.
Capacity shortages, regulation, and firm incentives in the generic drugs industry
Authors: Heese H. Sebastian , Kemahlioglu‐Ziya Eda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDrug shortages are becoming more frequent and severe in the United States, especially for generic drugs. A lack of economic incentives has been cited as a root cause. Only few firms choose to produce a such drugs, and, if they do, these firms do not allocate large levels of capacity. Hence, total industry supply is limited, increasing the odds of shortages. We develop and analyze a stylized game‐theoretic model of a generic drug market to understand the impact of various governmental interventions on the total industry equilibrium supply. We explicitly consider firm market entry and exit decisions and the participating firms' incentives to allocate productive capacity to the focal drug market. We first characterize sustainable numbers of active drug manufacturers and their equilibrium capacity allocation decisions for a given regulatory environment. We then analyze the effects of different possible policy interventions on these equilibrium decisions and total industry capacity. Finally, we consider the impact of combinations of different interventions and, importantly, the sequence in which such combined interventions are introduced. A key result of our analysis is that the sequence of policy interventions may have an important effect on the resulting equilibrium industry capacity. When changing the regulatory environment, policymakers should be careful never to lead a sequence of changes with an adjustment that adversely affects pharmaceutical firms' incentives to allocate capacity to the focal drug market; we show that starting with capacity‐supporting interventions always is a dominant strategy when aiming to increase total industry capacity.
Advances in Image‐Based Artificial Intelligence in Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wu Qingwu , Wang Xinyue , Liang Guixian , Luo Xin , Zhou Min , Deng Huiyi , Zhang Yana , Huang Xuekun , Yang Qintai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo update the literature and provide a systematic review of image‐based artificial intelligence (AI) applications in otolaryngology, highlight its advances, and propose future challenges.Data SourcesWeb of Science, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library.Review MethodsStudies written in English, published between January 2020 and December 2022. Two independent authors screened the search results, extracted data, and assessed studies.ResultsOverall, 686 studies were identified. After screening titles and abstracts, 325 full‐text studies were assessed for eligibility, and 78 studies were included in this systematic review. The studies originated from 16 countries. Among these countries, the top 3 were China (n = 29), Korea (n = 8), the United States, and Japan (n = 7 each). The most common area was otology (n = 35), followed by rhinology (n = 20), pharyngology (n = 18), and head and neck surgery (n = 5). Most applications of AI in otology, rhinology, pharyngology, and head and neck surgery mainly included chronic otitis media (n = 9), nasal polyps (n = 4), laryngeal cancer (n = 12), and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (n = 3), respectively. The overall performance of AI in accuracy, the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were 88.39 ± 9.78%, 91.91 ± 6.70%, 86.93 ± 11.59%, and 88.62 ± 14.03%, respectively.ConclusionThis state‐of‐the‐art review aimed to highlight the increasing applications of image‐based AI in otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery. The following steps will entail multicentre collaboration to ensure data reliability, ongoing optimization of AI algorithms, and integration into real‐world clinical practice. Future studies should consider 3‐dimensional (3D)‐based AI, such as 3D surgical AI.
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Following Immunization With BNT162b2 or mRNA‐1273: A Danish Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Damkier Per , Cleary Brian , Hallas Jesper , Schmidt Jesper H. , Ladebo Louise , Jensen Peter B. , Lund Lars Christian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the occurrence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss following immunization with BNT162b2 (Comirnaty®; Pfizer BioNTech) or mRNA‐1273 (Spikevax®; Moderna) to the occurrence among unvaccinated individuals.Study DesignCohort study.SettingNationwide Danish health care registers comprised all Danish residents living in Denmark on October 1, 2020, who were 18 years or older or turned 18 in 2021.MethodsWe compared the occurrence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss following immunization with BNT162b2 (Comirnaty®; Pfizer BioNTech) or mRNA‐1273 (Spikevax®; Moderna) (first, second, or third dose) against unvaccinated person time. Secondary outcomes were a first‐ever hospital diagnosis of vestibular neuritis and a hearing examination, by an ear‐nose‐throat (ENT) specialist, followed by a prescription of moderate to high‐dose prednisolone.ResultsBNT162b2 or mRNA‐1273 vaccine was not associated with an increased risk of receiving a discharge diagnosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 0.99, confidence interval [CI]: 0.59‐1.64) or vestibular neuritis (adjusted HR: 0.94, CI: 0.69‐1.24). We found a slightly increased risk (adjusted HR: 1.40, CI, 1.08‐1.81) of initiating moderate to high‐dose oral prednisolone following a visit to an ENT specialist within 21 days from receiving a messenger RNA (mRNA)‐based Covid‐19 vaccine.ConclusionOur findings do not suggest an increased risk of sudden sensorineural hearing loss or vestibular neuritis following mRNA‐based COVID‐19 vaccination. mRNA‐Covid‐19 vaccination may be associated with a small excess risk of a visit to an ENT specialist visit followed by a prescription of moderate to high doses of prednisolone.
Geospatial Distribution of Ambulatory Surgery Center Utilization for Otorhinolaryngologic Surgeries Among Medicare Patients From 2015 to 2019
Authors: Nyaeme Mark , Yerrabelli Rahul S. , Peterman Nicholas , Kaptur Brad , Yeo Eunhae , Carpenter Kristine R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the geographic clustering of ambulatory surgical center (ASC) utilization in otolaryngology to determine hot spot areas of high utilization and cold spot areas of low utilization and socioeconomic factors that correlate with these hot spots and cold spots.Study DesignTo develop a national epidemiologic study of ASC utilization in otolaryngology in the United States.SettingUnited States of America.MethodsMultiple county‐level national databases were reviewed including Center for Medicare Services (CMS) physician billing data, CMS Medicare demographic data, and US Census socioeconomic data. The analysis was conducted using the average of all Medicare billing information from 2015 to 2019. Whether a procedure was performed in an ASC was extracted from CMS data using the CMS definition of an ASC. The percentage ASC billing was calculated as the fraction of CMS payments that were performed in ASCs for the top ENT procedures. A Python‐based script for database building and GeoDa, Moran's I clustering coefficient, and a 1‐way analysis of variance was utilized to chart and analyze demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic trends.ResultsHot spots of utilization, with an average ASC billing of 80.13%, were seen in Southern California, Florida, Mid‐Atlantic, and clusters throughout the Deep South. Cold spot clusters, with an average ASC billing of 2.21%, were located in large swaths of New England, Ohio, and the Deep South with clusters bisecting the Midwest. Cold spots had a higher percentage of poverty and percent eligible for Medicaid.ConclusionASC utilization is best used to improve cost‐effectiveness and accessibility of care but what is seen is that ASC use is currently highest in cities in coastal areas which already have high levels of care access and are making the most proportional money compared to their rural counterparts.
Mechanical and thermal properties of recycled polyethylene/surface treated hemp fiber bio‐composites
Authors: Güney Olcay , Bilici İbrahim , Doğan Deniz , Metin Ayşegül Ülkü 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHemp is a good option for polyethylene additives because of its high cellulose and fibrous content. This study aims to modify natural hemp fibers with the maleic anhydride/ionic liquid method, manufacture the composites, and compare the thermal and mechanical properties of natural hemp fiber and hemp cellulose. In this study recycled polyethylene as a binder, and filling ratios between 0 and 50 (wt/wt)% are investigated as a parameter. Differential scanning calorimeter and thermomechanical analysis were performed, and it was determined that the coefficient of thermal expansion from 973 to 147 ppm/K. It was determined that the strength of composite materials obtained from cellulose fibers with maleic anhydride/liquid ionic modification improved by around 20% from 19.5 to 24.4 MPa. In addition, as a result of scanning electron microscope analyses performed on the fractured surfaces, it was determined that the pressure, temperature, and time were suitable for producing composite materials. This work shows the potential of recycled polyethylene/hemp composites as a sustainable green material with simple fabrication procedure and useful mechanical and thermal properties.
Noble gas effect on ACL etching selectivity to SiO2 films
Authors: Choi Gilyoung , Efremov Alexander , Son Hye Jun , Kwon Kwang‐Ho 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effect of Ar/He mixing ratio in the tetrafluoromethane/perfluorocyclobutane/Ar/He gas mixture on plasma parameters, SiO2 etching kinetics, and etching selectivity with respect to the amorphous carbon layer (ACL) mask in the inductively coupled plasma system with the low frequency (2 MHz) bias source. It was found that the type of dominant carrier gas does influence the output process characteristics through changes in both ion flux and CFx/F ratio determining the plasma polymerizing ability. In particular, He‐rich plasmas exhibited better performance with respect to the faceting of ACL mask and SiO2/ACL etching selectivity.
Computational Studies and Fluorescent Turn‐off Sensing of Biologically Important Cu2+ Ion in Irrigation Water by Schiff Base
Authors: Ekta  , Utreja Divya , Sharma Shivali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNumerous chemosensors have been reported for the detection of heavy metal ions in drinking water or in biological system pertaining to health concerns. Here, in the present study we have focused on synthesis of simple, efficient chemosensors for one of such ion i. e. Cu2+ due to its prevalent importance. Chemosensor (3) has been synthesized from sulfanilamide and nitro‐benzaldehyde which was further characterized with various analyses such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT‐IR and mass spectrometry. The absorbance and emission studies results showed that sensor (3) has profound sensitivity and selectivity for Cu2+ ions in aqueous medium by quenching the emission intensity of the same at 335 nm. Whereas the complexation of sensor (3) with Cu2+ ion produced the change in color from pale yellow to green, in semi aqueous medium with gradual addition of Cu2+. The sensor was also tested against various water samples and found to generate 100.4 % recovery from irrigation water sample. Further computational analyses were performed to verify the sensing mechanism and also different global quantities such as electron affinity (A), ionisation potential (I), electronegativity (χ), global softness (S), hardness (η), and electrophilicity (ψ) were calculated.