bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fisetin induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by suppressing autophagy and down‐regulating nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2)
Authors: Pandey Akanksha , Trigun Surendra Kumar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractModulation of autophagy is evolving as a relevant strategy in cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention and hence, needs to be examined as a target for the promising anticancer agents. Fisetin, a dietary flavanol, is emerging as a potent anticancer agent, however, its tumour‐specific pharmacological targets remain largely unexplored. This article describes correlative profiles of autophagy and apoptotic markers versus nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line SW‐480. As compared to the untreated cells, significantly less number of fluorescent detected autophagic vacuoles (AVOs) in the fisetin‐treated cells coincided with a similar decline of the autophagy flux markers, Beclin 1 and microtubule‐associated protein‐1 light chain‐3 and accumulation of p62 in those cells. The significantly increased number of annexin‐V/propidium iodide (+/+) positive and acridine orange/ethidium bromide‐stained apoptotic cells coincided with the enhanced signals for the cleaved caspase 3 and nuclear PARP‐1 in those fisetin‐treated cells. This was consistent with the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and release of cytochrome c. The fisetin‐treated cells showed increased ROS level and a significant decline in nuclear Nrf2 immunosignal versus recovery in nuclear Nrf2 due to the treatment with curcumin and resveratrol (Nrf2 activators) and thus, suggesting a role of Nrf2 suppression in fisetin‐mediated apoptosis in SW‐480 cells. The effect of chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, resulted into declined number of AVOs and enhanced apoptosis, similar to that of the fisetin effect. Also, regaining of AVOs number and reduced apoptosis of CRC cells due to the treatment with rapamycin, an autophagy inducer, could be observed. These loss and gain of functions experiments thus suggested a correlation between fisetin‐mediated autophagy suppression and apoptotic induction in a colorectal cell line.
Decoding hepatocarcinogenesis from a noncoding RNAs perspective
Authors: El‐Aziz Mostafa K. Abd , Dawoud Alyaa , Kiriacos Caroline J. , Fahmy Sherif Ashraf , Hamdy Nadia M. , Youness Rana A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBeing a leading lethal malignancy worldwide, the pathophysiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has gained a lot of interest. Yet, underlying mechanistic basis of the liver tumorigenesis is poorly understood. The role of some coding genes and their respective translated proteins, then later on, some noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs have been extensively studied in context of HCC pathophysiology; however, the implication of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in HCC is indeed less investigated. As a subclass of the ncRNAs which has been elusive for long time ago, lncRNAs was found to be involved in plentiful cellular functions such as DNA, RNA, and proteins regulation. Hence, it is undisputed that lncRNAs dysregulation profoundly contributes to HCC via diverse etiologies. Accordingly, lncRNAs represent a hot research topic that requires prime focus in HCC. In this review, the authors discuss breakthrough discoveries involving lncRNAs and circRNAs dysregulation that have contributed to the contemporary concepts of HCC pathophysiology and how these concepts could be leveraged as potential novel diagnostic and prognostic HCC biomarkers. Further, this review article sheds light on future trends, thereby discussing the pathological roles of lncRNAs and circRNAs in HCC proliferation, migration, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition. Along this line of reasoning, future recommendations of how these targets could be exploited to achieve effective HCC‐related drug development is highlighted.
Why is financial inclusion so popular? An analysis of development buzzwords
Authors: Ozili Peterson K. , Mhlanga David 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe analyse the popularity of the term ‘financial inclusion’ in relation to other development buzzwords. We extract trend data for multiple development buzzwords across countries and cities from 2004 to 2022, and we run a series of empirical analyses. We find that the ‘financial inclusion’ buzzword is popular because the term ‘financial inclusion’ is correlated with other development buzzwords, particularly ‘microfinance’, ‘digital finance’, ‘inclusive finance’, ‘financial exclusion’ and ‘Fintech’ buzzwords. Financial inclusion buzzword is more popular in developing countries than in developed countries. Financial inclusion buzzword is also popular in major cities in developing countries. We also observe that the financial inclusion buzzword was more popular during the second wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic. There is uni‐directional causality between interest in financial inclusion and interest in fintech and inclusive finance, indicating that interest in financial inclusion buzzword causes interest in fintech and inclusive finance buzzword. There is also uni‐directional causality between interest in financial exclusion and interest in financial inclusion. Finally, there is a significant correlation between interest in the ‘financial inclusion’, ‘digital finance’, ‘inclusive finance’ and ‘Fintech’ buzzwords.
An evaluation of the use and efficacy of behavioural therapy when treating paediatric patients with radiation therapy
Authors: McCoola Brianna , Outhwaite Julie‐Anne , Lathouras Marika , Pelecanos Anita , Blyth Jemma , Carter Amanda , Hastings Yvonne , Rattray Greg , Cheuk Robyn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe paediatric radiation therapy group (PRTG) provided a multidisciplinary network to support patients accessing radiation therapy (RT). This study aims to evaluate the use and efficacy of behaviour therapy practices used by the PRTG.MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional review of general anaesthetic (GA) utilisation for paediatric patients was completed between 1 January 2010 and 30 June 2014. The PRTG incorporated behavioural therapy techniques into all appointments but offered additional play appointments to children unable to comply with the requirements of RT. This aimed to increase their compliance and minimise GA use.ResultsTwo‐hundred and seventy‐four patients had 5402 occasions of service, of which 1361 were delivered under GA (25.2%). Two‐hundred and fifty‐seven patients met the eligibility criteria. Patients under 8 years who required GA for their entire treatment reduced for each year of increase in age (odds ratio 0.37, 95% confidence interval 0.27–0.51, P < 0.001). Participants 3 years and younger were shown not as likely to change their GA requirements with the use of play appointments. Seventy‐eight per cent (83/106) of 3–8‐year‐olds used no GA or ceased GA during treatment.ConclusionsMost paediatric patients <3 years will gain minimal benefit to reduce GA use from additional play appointments. Children older than nine were not likely to require play appointments to be compliant with RT. Encouragingly, 53.3% of 3–8‐year‐olds who were categorised as full GA after CT planning did not continue to a full course of GA due to the behavioural therapy interventions of the PRTG.
MMP3 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with noncontact ACL injuries in competing high‐level athletes
Authors: Simunic‐Briski Nina , Vrgoc Goran , Knjaz Damir , Jankovic Sasa , Dembic Zlatko , Lauc Gordan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in matrix remodeling, as well as in ligament integrity. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a severe and frequent knee injury in sports. The aim of this study was to investigate polymorphisms within theMMP3gene with the predisposition for noncontact ACL rupture in the Croatian professional athletes. One hundred eighty‐seven (95 with ACL rupture occurring through a noncontact mechanism and 92 asymptomatic controls) unrelated Caucasians were recruited between 2016 and 2017. All participants were genotyped for three single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) within theMMP3gene: rs591058 C/T, rs650108 A/G, and rs679620 G/A using the pyrosequencing method. For all three investigated SNPs, genotype frequencies have significantly differed between cases and controls. The MMP3 rs591058 TT (p = 0.0012, odds ratio [OR] = 38.541, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.7024–8.7254), rs650108 GG (p = 0.0051, OR = 23.338, 95% CI = 1.2899–4.2226) and rs679620 AA (p = 0.0030, OR = 34.750, 95% CI = 1.5266–7.9101) genotypes, as well as haplotype variant T‐G‐A (p = 0.0104, OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.13–2.59) were significantly overrepresented in cases compared to controls. These results support association between functional variants within theMMP3gene and the risk of ACL rupture. Still, further research is needed to corroborate these results in a larger population.
Real‐Time Investigation of Ultrafast Dynamics through Time‐Stretched Dispersive Fourier Transform in Mode‐Locked Fiber Lasers
Authors: Lau Kuen Yao , Cui Yudong , Liu Xiaofeng , Qiu Jianrong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractReal‐time investigation in mode‐locked fiber lasers (MLFLs) is important to understand the ultrafast dynamics before, during, and after the formation of stable laser pulses. However, the experimental measurement of these dynamics is restricted by the resolution of conventional oscilloscopes. The development of a time‐stretched dispersive Fourier transform (TS‐DFT) technique provides the shot‐to‐shot measurement of mapping the spectral information of an ultrashort optical pulse into time‐stretched waveform in the MLFL. Here, the recent progress and development of various fascinating dynamics in the MLFL, including the study of birth, evolution, and extinction process in MLFL, different types of MLFL, and complex motion dynamics in MLFL, have been reviewed. The issues and challenges encountered in this research area are discussed and several recommendations are suggested to overcome these problems. The integration of the TS‐DFT technique is expected to provide deeper insight into the real‐time investigation of various dynamics in the MLFL by displaying fascinating phenomenon and revealing unexplored trajectories.
Probabilistic Phase Shaping Guided Wavefront Control of Complex Media with Information‐Limited Intensity Measurements
Authors: Wu Daixuan , Wang Zhengyang , Wang Jian , Zou Dongdong , Huang Guoqiang , Luo Jiawei , Lu Liang , Shen Yuecheng , Li Zhaohui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecent developments in wavefront shaping for complex media bring new possibilities to a variety of applications, including optical imaging, optical manipulation, and optical communications. In these applications, retrieving transmission matrices is critically important to the synthesization of arbitrary optical fields inside or through complex media. According to the information theory, 2N measurements contain sufficient information to determine N elements of the transmission matrix that include both amplitude and phase, suggesting a sampling ratio of . While holographic approaches are sensitive to environmental disturbance, nonholographic phase‐retrieval methods take more intensity measurements to fight against nonlinearity. Untill today, a non‐holographic phase‐retrieval method that can effectively retrieve the transmission matrix with information‐limited intensity measurements, i.e., , was still absent. In this work, this blank is filled by developing a probing strategy, termed probabilistic phase shaping (PPS) guided amplitude flow (AF). Retrieval of the transmission matrix of a multimode fiber (MMF) is experimentally demonstrated using the PPS‐AF method over () and with () information limit. Using the retrieved transmission matrix, wavefront control including projecting single optical foci and synthesizing English letters is demonstrated successfully. This work is an important step toward efficient wavefront control of complex media, showing great prospects for a wide range of applications.
Improving Infection Resistance in Tissue Engineered Scaffolds for Tensile Applications Using Vancomycin‐Embedded Melt Electrowritten Scaffolds
Authors: Mathew Asha , Devlin Brenna L. , Singh Dilpreet , Paxton Naomi C. , Woodruff Maria A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIt is important to consider mechanical, biological, and antibacterial properties of scaffolds when used for tissue engineering applications. This study presents a method to create complex “wavy” architecture polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds toward the development of tissue engineered ligament and tendon tissue substitutes, fabricated using melt electrowriting (MEW) and loaded with vancomycin (5, 10, and 25% w/w). Scaffolds are characterized for both mechanical and biological properties. Loading PCL scaffolds with vancomycin with modified solvent evaporation technique achieves a high loading efficiency of maximum 18% w/w and high encapsulation efficiency with over 89%. Vancomycin loaded PCL scaffolds with all three doses (5, 10, and 25% w/w) display antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) up to 14 days of release. Initial burst followed by a sustained release is observed on all three vancomycin loaded scaffolds for up to 28 days. Importantly, in addition to antibacterial properties, vancomycin‐loaded PCL scaffolds also display improved mechanical properties compared to traditional crosshatch design MEW scaffolds and are noncytotoxic at all concentrations as demonstrated by live‐dead staining, cell attachment and proliferation assays indicating its potential as an effective treatment option for tissue regeneration in rotator cuff injuries or other tissues undergoing tensile biomechanical loading.
Sodium Oxybate in Alcohol‐Responsive Essential Tremor of Voice: An Open‐Label Phase II Study
Authors: O'Flynn Lena C. , Frucht Steven J. , Simonyan Kristina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundEssential tremor of voice (ETv) is characterized by involuntary oscillations of laryngeal and upper airway muscles, causing rhythmic alterations in pitch and loudness during both passive breathing and active laryngeal tasks, such as speaking and singing. Treatment of ETv is challenging and typically less effective compared with treatment of ET affecting extremities.ObjectiveWe conducted a proof‐of‐concept, open‐label phase II study to examine the efficacy and central effects of sodium oxybate in patients with alcohol‐responsive ETv.MethodsAll subjects received 1.0 to 1.5 g of oral sodium oxybate and underwent brain functional magnetic resonance imaging. The primary endpoint was the number of patients (% from total) with reduced ETv symptoms by at least 10% at about 40 to 45 minutes after sodium oxybate intake based on the combined visual analog scale score of ETv symptom severity. The secondary endpoint included changes in brain activity after sodium oxybate intake compared to baseline.ResultsSodium oxybate reduced ETv symptoms on average by 40.8% in 92.9% of patients. Drug effects were observed about 40 to 45 minutes after intake, lasting about 3.5 hours, and gradually wearing off by the end of the fifth hour. The central effects of sodium oxybate were associated with normalized activity in the cerebellum, inferior/superior parietal lobules, inferior frontal gyrus, and insula and re‐established functional relationships between these regions.ConclusionsSodium oxybate showed high efficacy in ETv patients, with a likely central action on disorder pathophysiology. Sodium oxybate may be an effective novel oral drug for treatment of alcohol‐responsive ETv patients. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Conduction blocks of the median nerve at the wrist in pregnancy and postpartum carpal tunnel syndromes
Authors: Seror Paul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsThe aim in this study is to describe the clinical and electrophysiological patterns of pregnancy‐related carpal tunnel syndrome (PRCTS) occurring during pregnancy or after delivery.MethodsClinical, epidemiological, and electrodiagnostic (EDx) data were studied in 130 women with PRCTS onset during pregnancy (n = 80) or after delivery (n = 50). Twenty‐six women with PRCTS underwent EDx analysis during pregnancy and 104 after delivery (83 within 6 months of delivery and 21 up to 24 months after pregnancy onset). PRCTS was compared with idiopathic CTS in a control group consisting of 57 age‐matched women with 98 cases of CTS. Twenty‐four women with PRCTS had clinical and electrophysiological follow‐up after corticosteroid injection (CSI) at the wrist.ResultsClinical analysis showed a higher rate of bilateral and diurnal/permanent paraesthesia and more severe symptoms in PRCTS compared with idiopathic CTS. EDx analysis showed more severe abnormalities in classical tests and a higher rate of conduction block (CB) in PRCTS. Statistical analysis showed a strong negative correlation between the incidence and importance of CB and the time interval at which PRCTS women underwent EDx examination, between pregnancy onset and 24 months later. CSI resulted in significant clinical and EDx improvement in 22 of 24 PRCTS women, with disappearance of all motor and most sensory CBs.DiscussionThe EDx pattern of PRCTS is an acute/subacute median nerve lesion at the wrist identified by many CBs. This occurs concurrently with hormonal changes, is responsible for more severe clinical symptoms and EDx data, and it explains why CSI is so effective.
Private and civic actions as distinct types of individual engagement for transforming the exotic pet trade
Authors: Naito Rumi , Zhao Jiaying , Naidoo Robin , Chan Kai M. A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

In the pathway toward environmental sustainability, it is important that we understand how individuals can make a difference through diverse types of engagement. Theories suggest that transformative change toward a sustainable future requires individuals to engage in not only private actions (e.g. household energy saving, recycling) but also social‐signalling and system‐changing civic actions (e.g. opinion sharing, voting, petition signing and protesting). Yet, past research on pro‐environmental behaviour has primarily focused on private actions, while overlooking individual contributions to facilitating widespread change through civic actions.

We use the exotic pet trade as a focal case to understand how individuals may act to promote environmental sustainability through different patterns of engagement and what factors might explain these distinct patters of action.

Results from an online survey about behavioural intentions in the United States (n = 527) revealed three types of individual action that could transform the exotic pet trade.

Private actions clustered separately from civic actions. Within the category of civic actions, a distinction emerged between lower social‐commitment actions and higher social‐commitment actions, based on the perceived level of social engagement and personal efforts involved.

We also found that each type of action was associated with unique factors, highlighting the importance of attitudes, perceived social norms, and relational values for variously promoting individual engagement among the U.S. public.

Our findings suggest that these distinct types of action should be treated differently when designing future wildlife conservation campaigns and behaviour change interventions.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Synthesis of guanidinium‐dendrimer‐type pDNA carriers for gene delivery into floating blood cells
Authors: Kon Ryoto , Asayama Shoichiro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGuanidinium‐dendrimer‐type pDNA carriers have been synthesized for gene delivery into floating blood cells. A 2nd generation polyamidoamine (PAMAM‐G2) dendrimers were modified with guanidinium groups at the primary amine. The resulting PAMAM‐G2‐Gu dendrimer with a modification degree of 53 mol%, PAMAM‐G2‐Gu(53), formed polyion complexes (PICs) above a mixing positive/negative charge ratio (+/−) of 64. The resulting PAMAM‐G2‐Gu(53)/pDNA PIC was stable for 24 h in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum and exhibited no significant cytotoxicity against HL‐60 human leukemia cells during the above incubation. It is worth noting that the PAMAM‐G2‐Gu(53)/pDNA PIC at mixing positive/negative (+/−) charge ratio of 64 mediated the highest gene expression among all PICs in this study such as an unmodified PAMAM‐G2, the PAMAM‐G2 modified with diethylaminoethyl groups (PAMAM‐G2‐DEAE). Especially, the resulting gene expression was higher than commercially available branched poly(ethylenimine) (b‐PEI). Consequently, the PAMAM‐G2‐Gu(53)/pDNA PIC is effective for gene delivery to floating blood cells and is expected to be applied to ex vivo transfection.
Children's Oncology Group's 2023 blueprint for research: Epidemiology
Authors: Lupo Philip J. , Marcotte Erin L. , Scheurer Michael E. , Poynter Jenny N. , Spector Logan G. ,   COG Epidemiology Committee
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Children's Oncology Group (COG) Epidemiology Committee has a primary focus on better understanding the etiologies of childhood cancers. Over the past 10 years, the committee has leveraged the Childhood Cancer Research Network, and now more recently Project:EveryChild (PEC), to conduct epidemiologic assessments of various childhood cancers, including osteosarcoma, neuroblastoma, germ cell tumors, Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. More recent studies have utilized questionnaire data collected as part of PEC to focus on specific characteristics and/or features, including the presence of congenital disorders and the availability of stored cord blood. Members of the COG Epidemiology Committee have also been involved in other large‐scale National Institutes of Health efforts, including the Childhood Cancer Data Initiative and the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program, which are improving our understanding of the factors associated with childhood cancer risk. Future plans will focus on addressing questions surrounding health disparities, utilizing novel biospecimens in COG epidemiology studies, exploring the role of environmental factors on the etiologies and outcomes of childhood cancer, collaborating with other COG committees to expand the role of epidemiology in childhood cancer research, and building new epidemiologic studies from the Molecular Characterization Initiative—all with the ultimate goal of developing novel prevention and intervention strategies for childhood cancer.
Effect of Cucurbit[7]uril on contrasting binding with flavonoids: Insights from spectroscopy and calorimetric studies
Authors: Jana Rabindranath , Pandit Souvik , Bhattacharjee Sanyukta , Seth Debabrata 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDue to intrinsic fluorescence behavior, and the environment‐dependent excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process, makes special attention towards flavonoids for conducting photophysical study. The binding of fisetin, morin hydrate, and quercetin with macrocyclic molecule Cucurbit[7]urils (CB[7]) has been studied using different spectroscopic methods. The changes in the thermodynamic parameters during complex formation between the flavonoids with CB[7] are estimated by an isothermal titration calorimetry study. From the spectroscopic measurement, we have seen that in the presence of CB[7], flavonoids show the ESIPT process and the prototropic equilibrium is present between different forms of flavonoids. The isothermal titration calorimetry study shows that the complex formation between these flavonoids with CB[7] spontaneously takes place at room temperature, which is an endothermic process.