bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Performance of Thirteen Grain Corn Commercial Hybrid Varieties in the Serdang Environment
Authors: D. Z. Ainon, , B. A. G. Mohamad, , M. B. Umikalsum, 
Published: January 2025

Selecting and evaluating hybrid varieties based on environmental suitability could enhance both growth performance and yield of grain corn cultivation, thereby improving the profitability of grain corn economic gains. This study aimed to compare the performance of thirteen commercial grain corn hybrid varieties from local and foreign sources in the MARDI Serdang, Malaysia environment. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with three replications for two planting seasons (July-November 2020 and February-June 2021). Seven agronomic and yield parameters were recorded and analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT analysis. The results revealed a significant interaction between planting seasons and hybrids for days to 50% pollen shed, plant height and Cut Cutting Test (CCT) yield. Season 2 produced higher component yield traits but not significantly different for CCT yield. Considering overall individual performance, the best performing varieties were DK9979C, GWG5005, and P4554, which showed the best yield and were consistent over seasons, especially in fluctuated environment factors. In contrast, the varieties GWG888 and DK9950C produced the least, with yields of 4279.2 kg/ha and 4051.2 kg/ha, respectively, marking a decline of over 50.0% in the second season compared to the first season. This result shows that season influenced the yield and performance of some tested hybrids. This study provides useful information for grain corn farmers and breeders in selecting good adaptability hybrid varieties suitable for the Serdang environment.
A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Traditional Knowledge of Pearl Millet Utilization between the Tonk District of Rajasthan and the Mainpuri District of Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Yadav Reetu , Chakraborty Dipjyoti 
Published: January 2025

Aims: This study compares the use of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) in Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh, looking at cultural differences and potential future implications for genotype evolution in these areas.
Study Design: This study was based on semi-structured interviews.
Place and Duration of Study: Bioscience and Biotechnology Department, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Niwai, Rajasthan, 2020–2023.
Methodology: To investigate the cultural and sociological elements promoting pearl millet adaptation, the study carried out a comparative ethnobotanical inquiry in the districts of Tonk, Rajasthan, and Mainpuri, Uttar Pradesh. From August 2020 to April 2023, 206 participants from each state participated in field surveys, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups. Data analysis was done to evaluate the applications, benefits, and growing practices of pearl millet.
Results: Pearl millet is an essential staple grain and livestock feed in Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. In both the districts nearly everyone consumes chapati made of millet flour. Pearl millet is a common livestock feed in both states, and people in Rajasthan use it specifically for feeding camels. Pearl millet has nutritional advantages, especially in heart disease and lowering cholesterol.
Conclusion: The study offers insightful information about the methods used in Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh to grow pearl millet and its uses, and can be used to recommend policy changes and agricultural extension initiatives to improve productivity, food security, and farmers' livelihoods sustainably.
Development of a measure of aggressive behavior expectancies in adults: The Aggression Expectancy Questionnaire
Authors: Hyatt Courtland S. , Lynam Donald R. , West Samuel J. , Chester David S. , Carter Nathan T. , Miller Joshua D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAccording to sociocognitive theories, aggression is learned and elicited through a series of cognitive processes, such as expectancies, or the various consequences that an individual considers more or less likely following aggressive behavior. The current manuscript describes a measurement development project that ultimately yielded a 16‐item measure of positive and negative aggression expectancies suitable for use in adult populations. Across two content generation surveys, two preliminary item refinement studies, and three full studies, we took an iterative approach and administered large item pools to several samples and refined item content through a combination of empirical (i.e., factor loadings, model fit) and conceptual (i.e., content breadth, non‐redundancy) considerations. The Aggression Expectancy Questionnaire displays a four‐factor structure, as well as evidence of convergent and divergent validity with self‐reported aggression and relevant basic (e.g., antagonism, anger) and complex (e.g., psychopathy) personality variables. It is posited that this type of cognitive mechanism may serve as an intermediary link between distal characterological predictors of aggression and its proximal manifestation, which is in line with several prominent theories of personality and may ultimately hold clinical utility by providing a framework for aggression interventions.
Hydration‐Induced Void‐Containing Hydrogels for Encapsulation and Sustained Release of Small Hydrophilic Molecules
Authors: Li Qi , Li Xiaosi , Bury Elizabeth , Lackey Kimberly , Koh Amanda , Wesselmann Ursula , Yaksh Tony , Zhao Chao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEfficient encapsulation and sustained release of small hydrophilic molecules from traditional hydrogel systems are challenging due to the large mesh size of 3D networks and high water content. Furthermore, the encapsulated molecules are prone to early release from the hydrogel prior to use, resulting in a short shelf life of the formulation. Here, a hydration‐induced void‐containing hydrogel (HVH) based on hyperbranched polyglycerol‐poly(propylene oxide)‐hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG‐PPG‐HPG) as a robust and efficient delivery system is presented for small hydrophilic molecules. Specifically, after the HPG‐PPG‐HPG is incubated overnight at 4 °C in the drug solution, it is hydrated into a hydrogel containing micron‐sized voids, which can encapsulate hydrophilic drugs and achieve 100% drug encapsulation efficiency. In addition, the voids are surrounded by a densely packed polymer matrix, which restricts drug transport to achieve sustained drug release. The hydrogel/drug formulation can be stored for several months without changing the drug encapsulation and release properties. HVH hydrogels are injectable due to shear thinning properties. In rats, a single injection of the HPG‐PPG‐HPG hydrogel containing 8 µg of tetrodotoxin (TTX) produces sciatic nerve block lasting up to 10 h without any TTX‐related systemic toxicity nor local toxicity to nerves and muscles.
Bioinspired Intelligent Solar‐Responsive Thermally Conductive Pyramidal Phase Change Composites with Radially Oriented Layered Structures toward Efficient Solar–Thermal–Electric Energy Conversion
Authors: Zhao Hao‐Yu , Shu Chao , Wang Xin , Min Peng , Li Changjun , Gao Fu‐Lin , Li Xiaofeng , Yu Zhong‐Zhen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo remedy the drawbacks of weak solar‐thermal conversion capability, low thermal conductivity, and poor structural stability of phase change materials, pyramidal graphitized chitosan/graphene aerogels (G‐CGAs) with numerous radially oriented layers are constructed, in which the long‐range radial alignment of graphene sheets is achieved by a novel directional‐freezing strategy. A G‐CGA/polyethylene glycol phase change composite exhibits a thermal conductivity of 2.90 W m−1 K−1 with a latent heat of 178.8 J g−1, and achieves a superior solar‐thermal energy conversion and storage efficiency of 90.4% and an attractive maximum temperature of 99.7 °C under a light intensity of 200 mW cm−2. Inspired by waterlilies, solar‐responsive phase change composites (SPCCs) are designed for the first time by assembling the G‐CGA/polyethylene glycol phase change composites with solar‐driven bilayer films, which bloom by day and close by night. The heat preservation effect of the solar‐driven films leads to a higher temperature of SPCC for a longer period at night. The SPCC‐based solar–thermal–electric generator achieves output voltages of 499.2 and 1034.9 mV under light intensities of 200 and 500 mW cm−2, respectively. Even after stopping the solar irradiation, the voltage output still occurs because of the latent heat release and the heat preservation of the films.
Van der Waals Forces between S and P Ions at the CoP‐C@MoS2/C Heterointerface with Enhanced Lithium/Sodium Storage
Authors: Xia Yongji , Yang Tianlun , Wang Zhenjia , Mao Tianle , Hong Zheyu , Han Jiajia , Peng Dong‐Liang , Yue Guanghui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal–organic framework‐derived metal phosphides with high capacity, facile synthesis, and morphology‐controlled are considered as potential anodes for lithium/sodium‐ion batteries. However, the severe volume expansion during cycling can cause the electrode material to collapse and reduce the cycle life. Here, novel CoP‐C@MoS2/C nanocube composites are synthesized by vapor‐phase phosphating and hydrothermal process. As the anode of LIBs, CoP‐C@MoS2/C exhibits outstanding long‐cycle performance of 369 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 after 2000 cycles. In SIBs, the composite also displays excellent rate capability of 234 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 and an ultra‐high the capacity retention rate of 90.16% at 1 A g−1 after 1000 cycles. Through density functional theory, it is found that the S ions and P ions at the interface formed by CoP and MoS2 can serve as Na+/Li+ diffusion channels with an action of van der Waals force, have attractive characteristics such as high ion adsorption energy, low expansion rate and fast diffusion kinetics compared with MoS2. This study provides enlightenment for the reasonable design and development of lithium/sodium storage anode materials composited with MOF‐derived metal phosphides and metal sulfides.
One Stone, Two Birds: Spidroin‐Inspired Nanogels for High‐Performance Fibers and Photothermal Actuators
Authors: Jiang Yuanzhang , Wang Cong , Zhang Shuai , Tan Lin , Hu Jinlian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe exciting development of hydrogels makes it a promising candidate to be applied in various fields. However, it remains a great challenge to store the precursors of hydrogels and to process them after gelation, like synthetic polymer materials. Herein, spidroin‐inspired novel nanogels with extraordinary processability, which can be spun into fibers via direct drawing and fabricated into thermal actuators easily after gelation are prepared. These soluble and spinnable nanogels are composed of a liquid metal core and a poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) shell and are entangled with each other. The as fabricated nanogels and diluted dope solution can be stored >1 month. The as‐spun nanogel fibers with hierarchical structures achiev extraordinary mechanical properties (tensile stress of 575 MPa, toughness of 381 MJ m−3) and supercontraction at 60% RH. Besides, a photothermal actuator is prepared by coating the nanogels on a polyethylene substrate with a commercial shading ink, and the as‐prepared actuator shows a rapid response to near‐infrared light as well as a fast recovery. Molecular dynamics simulation reveals a possible working mechanism of the actuator. This study provides a new strategy to prepare processable nanogels with broad application prospects for smart textiles and soft robots.
Inch‐Size Single Crystals of Lead‐Free Chiral Perovskites with Bulk Photovoltaic Effect for Stable Self‐Driven X‐Ray Detection
Authors: You Shihai , Zhu Zeng‐Kui , Dai Shuheng , Wu Jianbo , Guan Qianwen , Zhu Tingting , Yu Panpan , Chen Changjian , Chen Qiushui , Luo Junhua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLead halide perovskites have made great advance in direct X‐ray detection, however the presence of toxic lead and the requirement of high working voltages severely limit their applicability and operational stability. Thus, exploring “green” lead‐free hybrid perovskites capable of detecting X‐rays at zero bias is crucial but remains toughly challenging. Here, utilizing chiral R/S‐1‐phenylpropylamine (R/S‐PPA) cations, a pair of 0D chiral‐polar perovskites, (R/S‐PPA)2BiI5 (1R/1S) are constructed. Their intrinsic spontaneous electric polarization induces a large bulk photovoltage of 0.63 V, which acts as a driving force to separate and transport photogenerated carriers, thus endowing them with the capability of self‐driven detection. Consequently, self‐driven X‐ray detectors with a low detection limit of 270 nGy s−1 are successfully constructed based on high‐quality, inch‐sized single crystals of 1R. Notably, they show suppressed baseline drift under the self‐driven mode, exhibiting superior operational stability. This study realizes self‐driven X‐ray detection in a single‐phase lead‐free hybrid perovskite by exploiting the intrinsic bulk photovoltaic effect, which sheds light on future explorations of lead‐free hybrid perovskites toward “green” self‐driven radiation detectors with high performance.
A Self‐Powered Body Motion Sensing Network Integrated with Multiple Triboelectric Fabrics for Biometric Gait Recognition and Auxiliary Rehabilitation Training
Authors: Wei Chuanhui , Cheng Renwei , Ning Chuan , Wei Xuyang , Peng Xiao , Lv Tianmei , Sheng Feifan , Dong Kai , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGait analysis provides a convenient strategy for the diagnosis and rehabilitation assessment of diseases of skeletal, muscular, and neurological systems. However, challenges remain in current gait recognition methods due to the drawbacks of complex systems, high cost, affecting natural gait, and one‐size‐fits‐all model. Here, a highly integrated gait recognition system composed of a self‐powered multi‐point body motion sensing network (SMN) based on full textile structure is demonstrated. By combining of newly developed energy harvesting technology of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and traditional textile manufacturing process, SMN not only ensures high pressure response sensitivity up to 1.5 V kPa−1, but also is endowed with several good properties, such as full flexibility, excellent breathability (165 mm s−1), and good moisture permeability (318 g m−2 h−1). By using machine learning to analyze periodic signals and dynamic parameters of limbs swing, the gait recognition system exhibits a high accuracy of 96.7% of five pathological gaits. In addition, a customizable auxiliary rehabilitation exercise system that monitors the extent of the patient's rehabilitation exercise is developed to observe the patient's condition and instruct timely recovery training. The machine learning‐assisted SMN can provide a feasible solution for disease diagnosis and personalized rehabilitation of the patients.
Amorphous MXene Opens New Perspectives
Authors: Li Neng , Peng Jiahe , Zhang Peng , Yue Yuanzheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecently, novel amorphous nanomaterials formed by introducing atomic irregular arrangement factors have been successfully fabricated, showing superior performance in catalysis, energy storage, and mechanics. Among them, 2D amorphous nanomaterials are the stars, as they combine the benefits of both 2D structure and amorphous. Up to now, many research studies have been published on the study of 2D amorphous materials. However, as one of the most important parts of 2D materials, the research on MXenes mainly focuses on the crystalline counterpart, while the study of highly disordered forms is much less. This work will provide insight into the possibility of MXenes amorphization, and discusses the application prospect of amorphous MXenes materials.
Interlayer‐Confined NiFe Dual Atoms within MoS2 Electrocatalyst for Ultra‐Efficient Acidic Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Jiang Zhenzhen , Zhou Wenda , Hu Ce , Luo Xingfang , Zeng Wei , Gong Xunguo , Yang Yong , Yu Ting , Lei Wen , Yuan Cailei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConfining dual atoms (DAs) within the van der Waals gap of 2D layered materials is expected to expedite the kinetic and energetic strength in catalytic process, yet is a huge challenge in atomic‐scale precise assembling DAs within two adjacent layers in the 2D limit. Here, an ingenious approach is proposed to assemble DAs of Ni and Fe into the interlayer of MoS2. While inheriting the exceptional merits of diatomic species, this interlayer‐confined structure arms itself with confinement effect, displaying the more favorable adsorption strength on the confined metal active center and higher catalytic activity towards acidic water splitting, as verified by intensive research efforts of theoretical calculations and experimental measurements. Moreover, the interlayer‐confined structure also renders metal DAs a protective shelter to survive in harsh acidic environment. The findings embodied the confinement effects at the atom level, and interlayer‐confined assembling of multiple species highlights a general pathway to advance interlayer‐confined DAs catalysts within various 2D materials.
Wafer‐Scale Fabrication of Graphene‐Based Plasmonic Photodetector with Polarization‐Sensitive, Broadband, and Enhanced Response
Authors: Fan Chunru , Sun Xiaojuan , Shi Zhiming , Lü Bingchen , Chen Yang , Li Shaojuan , Liu Jia‐Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGraphene‐based photodetectors draw tremendous interests for broadband photodetection in optical communications, sensing, and hyperspectral imaging. However, the extremely low light absorption coefficient of graphene posts a great challenge for high‐efficiency photodetection. Although plasmonic nanostructures provide resonant absorption enhancement and impressive responsivity, the current fabrication techniques suffer from being time‐consuming, low‐yield, and potentially high‐cost. In this work, a wafer‐scale graphene‐Au nanogratings (Gra‐Au NGs) plasmonic photodetector array is fabricated via two‐beam holographic lithography, which achieves a photosensitive area of 1 mm2, showing balanced abilities of polarization‐sensitive, broadband, and enhanced photoresponse from visible to near‐infrared regions. The maximum polarization extinction ratio and responsivity of the Gra‐Au NGs photodetector reach 6.65 and 2.95 mA W−1. The surface plasmon resonance of Au NGs and near‐field coupling with graphene render strong electric field confinement and enhanced light absorption, which improve the device photoresponse and polarization sensitivity. The hot electrons generation and transportation models in the Gra‐Au NGs heterojunction are proposed, perfectly matching with the photocurrent mapping and equalized energy band distribution. This work enlightens the wafer‐scale fabrication of graphene‐based plasmonic photodetectors, and it can trigger the advances of free‐space detection, such as remote sensing and satellite communication.
Unfolding the Origin of the Ultrafast Optical Response of Titanium Nitride
Authors: Rotta Loria Silvia , Bricchi Beatrice Roberta , Schirato Andrea , Mascaretti Luca , Mancarella Cristina , Naldoni Alberto , Li Bassi Andrea , Della Valle Giuseppe , Zavelani‐Rossi Margherita 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUltrafast plasmonics is driving growing interest for the search of novel plasmonic materials, overcoming the main limitations of noble metals. In this framework, titanium nitride (TiN) is brought in the spotlight for its refractory properties combined with an extremely fast electron‐lattice cooling time (<100 fs) compared to gold (≈ 1 ps). Despite the results reported in literature, a clear‐cut explanation of the origin of the ultrafast and giant optical response of TiN‐based materials upon excitation with femtosecond laser pulses is still missing. To address this issue, an original model is introduced, capable of unfolding the modulation of TiN optical properties on a broad bandwidth, starting from the variations of electronic and lattice temperatures following ultrafast photoexcitation. The numerical analysis is validated on ultrafast pump–probe spectroscopy experiments on a simple structure, a TiN film on glass. This approach enables a complete disentanglement of the interband and intraband contributions to the permittivity modulation. Moreover, it is also shown that, varying the synthesis conditions of the TiN film, not only the static, but also the dynamical optical response can be efficiently tuned. These findings pave the way for a breakthrough in the field: the design of TiN‐based ultrafast nanodevices for all‐optical modulation of light.
Diastereoselective (3+3) Cycloaddition of Azomethine Imines with In Situ Formed Azaoxyallyl Cations from α‐Halohydroxamate
Authors: Huang Qi , Xiong Chuanjiang , Peng Yungui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA diastereoselective (3+3) cycloaddition of azomethine imines and in situ‐generated azaoxyallyl cations from α‐halohydroxamate promoted by a Brønsted base has been developed. A series of pyrazolo [1,2‐a][1,2,4]triazin‐6‐ones were accessed with up to 95% yields and diastereoselectivities greater than 20:1. The asymmetric version of this reaction was explored and moderate enantioselectivity was achieved after screening a series of cinchonine‐derived chiral catalysts.magnified image
Twin‐Wire Sensor Networks
Authors: Rossi Sergio , Montoya Nerio Andrés , Falconi Christian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA fundamental limit to high‐density sensing is that adding sensors increases the number of wires, pads, and interconnections. This problem is even worse for low‐values resistive or impedance sensors which, for high accuracy, require 4‐wire measurements. Here, twin‐wire sensor networks are described which enable 4‐wire measurements with significantly fewer wires, pads, and interconnections. The effects of the resistor noise can be minimized by minimum‐resistance sensing paths. A single chopper switch and straightforward digital operations can reject the equivalent input offset and low‐frequency noise voltages of the instrumentation amplifier, thus requiring no hardware changes. The inclusion in the network of a reference resistor can compensate the errors of both the biasing current and the instrumentation amplifier voltage gain. For validation, an extremely compact, robust, and easy‐to‐connect flexible‐PCB twin‐wire 29‐temperature‐sensors network requiring only 32 pads is demonstrated. This device is placed on an anthropomorphic head phantom for detecting the temperature and location of a touching object or on the hand of a volunteer for monitoring skin temperature during mental and physical stimulations. A twin‐wire 29‐photoresistors network is also presented. The strategies reported here can be applied to any high‐density array of resistive or impedance sensors (temperature, strain, blood flow, light, etc.) and may find wide application in robotics and wearable or epidermal devices.