bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of feeding different proportions of steam-flaked corn-based starter on growth performance, immunity and serum metabolism of pre-weaned Simmental calves
Authors: Yao Kangyu , Gao Yu , Yang Liang , Yang Min , Wu Xiuyu , Zhang Xinyu , Lv Zhengke , Shao Wei , Wei Yong , Ren Wanping 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThis study examines the effects of steam-flaked corn starter on pre-weaned Simmental calves' growth, immunity, and metabolism. Despite benefits shown in adult cattle, research on calves is limited. The goal is to optimize calf feeding for better growth, health, and nutrient use.MethodsThirty-two Simmental bull calves (avg. wt: 50.50 ± 4.50 kg, avg. age: 21 ± 7 days) were divided into four groups of eight. The 127-day study included a 7-day pretest and a 120-day trial. Calves had unlimited access to starter feed, alfalfa hay, and water. Groups received starter diets with 0% (CK, control), 33% (SFC33, low), 66% (SFC66, medium), or 100% (SFC100, high) steam-flaked corn replacing regular corn. Other conditions were consistent.ResultsFeeding 33% steam-flaked corn to pre-weaned Simmental calves led to highest daily weight gain (0.80 kg/d), significantly boosting serum globulin, cholesterol, urea nitrogen, glucose, immunoglobulins, GH, INS, and IGF-1 (P &lt; 0.05). Compared to control, 31 metabolites differed in SFC33 group, mostly up-regulated, including glycerophospholipids, linoleic/arachidonic acid metabolism, cholesterol pathway molecules, L-glutamine in multiple pathways, and mannose in fructose/mannose metabolism.DiscussionIn summary, feeding 33% steam-flaked corn-based starter can improve the growth performance, enhance immunity, and improve sugars, lipids, and proteins metabolism of pre-weaned Simmental calves.
Regeneration of a Rabbit Segmental Defect with a New Bone Therapy: Autologous Blood Coagulum with Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6 and Synthetic Ceramics
Authors: Stokovic Nikola , Ivanjko Natalia , Javor Ana , Pecin Marko , Muzina Katarina , Stepanic Zeljka Magdalena , Capak Hrvoje , Vrbanac Zoran , Maticic Drazen , Vukicevic Slobodan 
Published: January 2025

Segmental defects of long bones are among the most challenging and debilitating conditions in clinical medicine. Osteogrow-C is a novel osteoinductive device composed of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 6 (rhBMP6) delivered within autologous blood coagulum (ABC) with calcium phosphate ceramics that was proven efficacious in preclinical models of spinal fusion. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Osteogrow-C in comparison to that of other osteoinductive therapies in a clinically relevant segmental defect model in rabbits. Segmental defects (15 mm) of rabbit ulna were treated with Osteogrow-C containing different synthetic ceramic particles (tricalcium phosphate [TCP] and TCP/hydroxyapatite 40%/60%), Osteogrow (rhBMP6/ABC), Infuse (rhBMP2/absorbable collagen sponge), and control implants without bone morphogenetic proteins. Defect healing was evaluated by in vivo x-ray scans 4, 8, and 17 weeks after the surgery, and animals were killed after 17 weeks for further radiographical and histological assessment. Evaluation of x-ray images, micro-computed tomography, and histological sections revealed that both Osteogrow-C formulations as well as Osteogrow and Infuse promoted healing of the ulnar segmental defect. However, radiographic scores were higher in animals treated with Osteogrow-C than those for the other used therapies. Moreover, evaluation of in vivo x-ray scans revealed that Osteogrow-C with TCP ceramics induced the most rapid defect bridging. On the other hand, control implants (ABC/TCP and ABC/biphasic calcium phosphate) promoted limited osteogenesis without defect bridging. The findings of this study suggest that Osteogrow-C is a promising safe therapeutic solution for the treatment of large bone defects, providing relief to millions of patients suffering from this debilitating condition.
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ И АСПЕКТЫ К ИССЛЕДОВАНИЮ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ГОРОДСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ
Authors: Иванов Роман Николаевич , Рубцов Владимир Анатольевич 
Published: January 2025

Исследование пространственных структур городов определяется происходящими изменениями в системе методов регулирования их развития и активизацией процессов урбанизации, поиском инструментов повышения уровня и качества жизни городского населения. Проблемы развития территорий тесно соотносятся с вопросами роста городского населения, развития и увеличения крупных городов, а также агломераций разного порядка. Изучение основных аспектов развития теорий и моделей размещения производительных сил и расселения дает более глубокое представление о проблемах развития городских территорий, решение которых позволяет повысить качество к подготовке документов территориального планирования и градостроительного зонирования, а также дает инструменты для грамотного выстраивания стратегий социально-экономического развития территорий. В ходе изучения основных теорий авторы уделяют особое внимание процессам развития и трансформации городских территорий, которые привели к формированию особого типа моделей пространственных структур городов - моноцентрической и полицентрической. Данный этап работы в дальнейшем позволит авторам более комплексно подойти к разработке основных направлений и рекомендаций по формированию пространственной структуры городов.
The study of spatial structures of cities is determined by the ongoing changes in the system of methods of regulation of their development and activation of processes of urbanization, search for tools to improve the level and quality of life of the urban population. The problems of territorial development are closely related to the growth of the urban population, the development and expansion of large cities, as well as agglomerations of different order. Given that the growth of the largest cities of Russia is actively continuing, the problem of developing competent solutions in the field of spatial planning is one of the priority tasks. The study of the problems of placement of productive forces, territorial planning, analysis of the theories of spatial development and settlement gives a deeper insight into the problem, the solution of which allows to improve the quality of the preparation of documents of territorial planning and urban zoning. In addition, the attribute properties of the polycentric model of urban space organization, which is characterized by the network (horizontal) territorial structure, when each of the urban structures (districts or territorial units) are equal, independent and are connected by cooperation relations, which is a prerequisite for the complex development of each of the territorial units and for the process of decentralization of the existing model of space organization.
GAMBARAN BIAYA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DENGAN TERAPI ANTIDIABETIK ORAL DI RSUD ULIN BANJARMASIN
Authors: Hartanto Dedi , Tuty Mulyani Tuty 
Published: January 2025

Diabetes melitus merupakan salah satu penyakit yang membutuhkan terapi yang lama, bahkan dilakukan sepanjang hidup pasien dan membutuhkan biaya yang cukup besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran biaya pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan terapi antidiabetik oral di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara deskriptif pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan terapi antidiabetik oral yang berkunjung ke bagian rawat jalan RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin pada bulan Maret 2016. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 45 pasien. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan melihat ke bagian instalasi farmasi bagian rekam medik dan kebagian keuangan RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Dari 45 pasien yang di analisis, 66,67 %Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â perempuan dan 33,33%Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â laki-laki. Pasien dengan rentan umur 55-64 adalah persentase tertinggi 37,78%. Biaya total terapi rata-rata Rp 500,743 per bulan. Biaya tertinggi adalah biaya obat (53,27%), di ikuti biaya untuk laboratorium (36,90%), dan biaya terendah adalah biaya pemeriksaan dokter (9,83%).Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT ANTIDIABETIK ORAL TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN TERGLIKASI (HbA1c) PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
Authors: Adikusuma Wirawan , Qiyaam Nurul 
Published: January 2025

Kepatuhan minum obat dibutuhkan untuk menunjang keberhasilan terapi pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengkaji hubungan tingkat kepatuhan minum obat antidiabetik oral terhadap kadar HbA1c pasien DMT2. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode crossectional dengan mengambil data secara prospektik selama periode April ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å“ Juni 2017. Subyek penelitian ini adalah 40 pasien DMT2 rawat jalan di Poli penyakit dalam RSUP Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pengukuran kepatuhan menggunakan metode hitung pil (pill count) dan kadar HbA1c diambil berdasarkan hasil uji laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kepatuhan pasien DMT2 yang tergolong patuh 50% dan yang tidak patuh 50% serta adanya korelasi negatif antara kepatuhan pengobatan pasien DMT2 terhadap kadar HbA1c (r=0,081, p=0,619). Berdasarkan hal tersebut Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat kepatuhan minum obat antidiabetik oral terhadap kadar HbA1c
AKTIVITAS ANTIPLASMODIUM In vitro DAN IDENTIFIKASI GOLONGAN SENYAWA DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL BATANG MANURAN (Coptosapelta tomentosa Valeton ex K.Heyne) ASAL KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Arnida Arnida , Sahi Eka Rahmawaty , Sutomo Sutomo 
Published: January 2025

Resistensi Plasmodium terhadap obat malaria mengakibatkan kegagalan pengobatan. Hal ini merupakan ancaman terlebih belum ditemukannya obat alternatif yang efektif untuk melawan resistensi.Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â Oleh karena itu ketersediaan antimalaria baru sangat diperlukan untuk melawan resistensi. Pencarian obat baru terus dilakukan melalui berbagai cara termasuk eksplorasi dan pengembangan bahan alam. Pemilihan bahan alam biasanya berdasarkan penggunaan secara empiris oleh masyarakat. Tanaman Manuran (Coptosapelta tomentosa Valeton ex K.Heyne) digunakan oleh masyarakat di Kotabaru Kalimantan Selatan untuk mengobati malaria. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan adalah melakukan uji aktivitas antiplasmodium in vitro dengan menentukan nilai konsentrasi penghambatan (IC50Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â­) dan melakukan identifikasi golongan senyawa dari ekstrak etanol batang C. tomentosa Valeton ex K.Heyne. Berdasarkan identifikasi golongan senyawa kimia dengan skrining fitokimia dan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis menunjukkan adanya senyawa flavonoid, terpenoid, saponin, tanin dan antrakuinon pada batang C. tomentosa Valeton ex K.Heyne. Ekstrak etanol batang C. tomentosa Valeton ex K.Heyne mempunyai aktivitas antiplasmodium in vitro tergolong aktif dengan IC50 45,864 Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â± 0,76 Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Âµg/mL.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK KERANG TAHU (Meretrix meretrix) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Fauziah Yulianti , Setiawan Muhammad Azdar , Fitriyani Fitriyani 
Published: January 2025

Kerang tahu Pemanfaatannya tidak hanya sebagai sumber nutrisi, tapi dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan antara lain antikanker, antimikroba, antioksidan, antiinflamasi, pengatur tekanan darah, pengatur kadar gula darah dan penurun kadar kolesterol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji daya hambat ekstrak kerang tahu (Meretrix meretrix) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan mengetahui konsentrasi yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.Rangkaian percobaan adalah pengujian daya hambat dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancang eksperimen sederhana dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 kali replikasi. Kerang tahu dibuat dalam bentuk ekstrak dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat. Ekstrak kerang tahu kemudian dibuat dalam seri konsentrasi 10%, 20% dan 30%, lalu dilakukan pengujian daya hambat dengan menggunakan metode paper disc diffusion.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak kerang tahu pada konsentrasi 10% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan rata-rata zona hambat 2,023 mm, konsentrasi 20% rata-rata 2,3 mm dan konsentrasi 30%Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â rata-rata 4,02 mm. Hasil dari uji ANOVA pada taraf kepercayaaan 0,05 diperoleh nilai F hitung 62,8539) > F tabel (3,48) yang menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan dari keempat kelompok perlakuan.
МЕТОДИКА ПРИЕМА, ОБРАБОТКИ И РАСПОЗНАВАНИЯ РАДИОСИГНАЛОВ В ЗАДАЧАХ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ БЕСПИЛОТНЫХ ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНЫХ АППАРАТОВ
Authors: Ромащенко М.А. , Мантула А.Ю. 
Published: January 2025

рассматривается один из вариантов обнаружения функционирования беспилотной авиационной системы с целью ее дальнейшей идентификации и определения правомерности нахождения беспилотного аппарата в воздушном пространстве. Сформулирована проблема обосновывающая необходимость быстрого и своевременного противодействия незаконной деятельности беспилотных авиационных систем в целях безопасности производственных объектов, инфраструктуры и гражданского населения. Поставлена задача разработки методики позволяющей автоматизировать процесс получения и обработки данных для обнаружения беспилотных летательных аппаратов и их последующей идентификации. Проведен обзор основных существующих подходов к обнаружению беспилотных летательных аппаратов, среди которых отдельно рассмотрено радио- и радиолокационное обнаружение. Описана и приведена структурная схема методики приема, обработки и распознавания радиосигналов, позволяющая проводить обнаружение беспилотных летательных аппаратов. Проведено экспериментальное исследование предложенной методики, заключающееся в имитации нахождения в воздушном пространстве беспилотника, путем излучения характерных сигнатур. Последовательно выполнив шаги методики по анализу радиоэфира, адаптивной подстройки порога обнаружения, цифровой фильтрации был получен спектральный снимок, характеризующий присутствие БПЛА. Последующая идентификация полученного сигнала по высокочастотному и низкочастотному диапазону позволила успешно определить тип беспилотного летательного аппарата
one of the options for detecting the operation of an unmanned aerial system is considered for the purpose of its subsequent identification and determining the legality of the presence of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in the airspace. The problem is formulated that justifies the need for rapid and timely counteraction to illegal activities of unmanned aerial systems for the purpose of safety of industrial facilities, infrastructure and civilians. The task is to develop a methodology that allows automating the process of obtaining and processing data for detecting UAV and their subsequent identification. A review of the main existing approaches to detecting UAVs is conducted, among which radio and radar detection are considered separately. A structural diagram of the method for receiving, processing and recognizing radio signals is described and provided, allowing for the detection of UAV. An experimental study of the proposed method is conducted, consisting in simulating the presence of a drone in the airspace by emitting characteristic signatures. Having consistently performed the steps of the methodology for analyzing the radioether, adaptive adjustment of the detection threshold, digital filtering, a spectral image was obtained characterizing the presence of the UAV. Subsequent identification of the received signal by the high-frequency and low-frequency range allowed us to successfully determine the type of UAV
Strategi Pengembangan SDM di Sektor Pariwisata: Menganalisis Potensi dan Tantangan di Daerah Berkembang
Authors: Simarmata Harianto 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) di sektor pariwisata di daerah berkembang. Studi ini mengidentifikasi aset dan kekuatan lokal untuk meningkatkan keterampilan tenaga kerja pariwisata serta mengevaluasi integrasi potensi wisata dalam pelatihan SDM. Selain itu, penelitian ini menganalisis tantangan seperti keterbatasan sumber daya, kekurangan infrastruktur pelatihan, dan kesenjangan keterampilan. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi kepustakaan dan analisis dokumen, ditemukan bahwa potensi wisata lokal dapat dioptimalkan melalui pemetaan aset SDM, integrasi dalam kurikulum pelatihan, program mentoring, pengembangan infrastruktur, dan sistem evaluasi berkelanjutan. Strategi pengembangan SDM yang efektif muncul dari pendekatan terintegrasi dan berfokus pada kebutuhan spesifik daerah. Melalui program pelatihan SDM yang relevan, kemitraan yang kuat, dan pemanfaatan teknologi, serta strategi multi-pemangku kepentingan untuk meningkatkan fasilitas pelatihan hingga memperkuat kolaborasi antara pemerintah, sektor swasta, dan lembaga Pendidikan dapat memanfaatkan potensi pariwisata secara maksimal.
EVALUASI PERAN MERDEKA BELAJAR DALAM MEMPERSIAPKAN GENERASI EMAS 2045 MELALUI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Ahmad Hujaeri  , Basri Hasan , Fitri Hilmiyati  
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi peran kebijakan Merdeka Belajar dalam mempersiapkan Generasi Emas 2045 melalui pendidikan karakter. Pendidikan karakter menjadi aspek krusial dalam membentuk generasi yang tidak hanya unggul dalam pengetahuan dan keterampilan, tetapi juga memiliki integritas dan etika yang baik. Merdeka Belajar memberikan kebebasan bagi sekolah dan pendidik untuk merancang kurikulum yang mengembangkan potensi siswa secara holistik, termasuk dalam penguatan karakter. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah evaluatif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada beberapa sekolah yang telah mengimplementasikan kebijakan ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Merdeka Belajar dapat meningkatkan kesadaran siswa terhadap nilai-nilai karakter seperti tanggung jawab, disiplin, dan kejujuran melalui berbagai aktivitas berbasis proyek dan pembelajaran kompetensi. Meskipun terdapat tantangan dalam hal kesiapan infrastruktur dan pelatihan guru, peluang untuk memperkuat pendidikan karakter melalui pemanfaatan teknologi dan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler sangat besar. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Merdeka Belajar berperan signifikan dalam mempersiapkan Generasi Emas 2045 yang tidak hanya terampil secara akademik tetapi juga memiliki karakter yang kuat.

Kata Kunci : Merdeka Belajar, Pendidikan Karakter, Generasi Emas 2045, Pendidikan Holistik, Kebijakan Pendidikan, Evaluasi, Soft Skills, Kompetensi
Niobium-Tantalum Minerals Decipher Evolution of the Qiongjiagang Li-Rich Granitic Pegmatites in the Himalayan Orogenic Belt, Tibet
Authors: HE Changtong , QIN Kezhang , ZHAO Junxing , ZHOU Qifeng , LI Jinxiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Qiongjiagang giant pegmatite lithium deposit, located in the central section of the Himalayan orogenic belt, mainly comprises the spodumene-bearing pegmatite type, marginally accompanied by a petalite-bearing leucogranite dike and a lepidolite-bearing pegmatite. Existing uncertainties around the niobium (Nb) and tantalum (Ta) mineralization characteristics and their genetic ties among three types of Li-rich dikes justify further research. To enhance comprehension, backscattered electron imaging, energy dispersive spectrometry mapping, and electron microprobe analyses were employed. Microscopic features suggest that the Nb-Ta mineralization from Qiongjiagang spodumene-bearing pegmatite appears as the result of saturation of early magmatic columbite after lithium (Li) quenching arising from poikilitic spodumene crystallization. Subsequently, autometasomatism of hydrosilicate liquid caused partial dissolution of magmatic columbite as well as replacement of early primary minerals, forming fluid-induced Ta-rich overgrown and interstitial microcrystals (metasomatic columbite and pyrochlore) in microfractures. Muscovite crystallization and high Ta solubility may cause Nb-Ta element fractionation of individual zoned columbite and declining Nb/Ta ratios between discrete columbite and microcrystals. Both the continuous whole-rock compositional evolution from granite to lepidolite-bearing pegmatite and the gradual manganese (Mn) enrichment and titanium (Ti) decline of columbite geochemistry imply that the three types of dikes originated from three batches of sequential pulses of Li-rich magmas, demonstrated by progressive tourmaline or biotite fractionation of parent magma. The distinct Mn/Fe variation of columbite and whole-rock geochemistry also suggests that the three types of Li-rich magmas were already highly evolved in the upper part of their parental granitic magma chamber, instead of only fractionating once they escaped to the host rocks. Consequently, the textures and composition of columbite not only provide valuable insights into the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of spodumene-bearing pegmatite, they also emphasize columbite's potential as a tracer for the degree of differentiation of magma.
Robust estimation of the latent trait in graded response models
Authors: Filonczuk Audrey , Cheng Ying 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aberrant responses (e.g., careless responses, miskeyed items, etc.) often contaminate psychological assessments and surveys. Previous robust estimators for dichotomous IRT models have produced more accurate latent trait estimates with data containing response disturbances. However, for widely used Likert-type items with three or more response categories, a robust estimator for estimating latent traits does not exist. We propose a robust estimator for the graded response model (GRM) that can be applied to Likert-type items. Two weighting mechanisms for downweighting “suspicious” responses are considered: the Huber and the bisquare weight functions. Simulations reveal the estimator reduces bias for various test lengths, numbers of response categories, and types of response disturbances. The reduction in bias and stable standard errors suggests that the robust estimator for the GRM is effective in counteracting the harmful effects of response disturbances and providing more accurate scores on psychological assessments. The robust estimator is then applied to data from the Big Five Inventory-2 (Ober et al., 2021) to demonstrate its use. Potential applications and implications are discussed.
ROAR-CAT: Rapid Online Assessment of Reading ability with Computerized Adaptive Testing
Authors: Ma Wanjing Anya , Richie-Halford Adam , Burkhardt Amy K. , Kanopka Klint , Chou Clementine , Domingue Benjamin W. , Yeatman Jason D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Rapid Online Assessment of Reading (ROAR) is a web-based lexical decision task that measures single-word reading abilities in children and adults without a proctor. Here we study whether item response theory (IRT) and computerized adaptive testing (CAT) can be used to create a more efficient online measure of word recognition. To construct an item bank, we first analyzed data taken from four groups of students (N = 1960) who differed in age, socioeconomic status, and language-based learning disabilities. The majority of item parameters were highly consistent across groups (r = .78–.94), and six items that functioned differently across groups were removed. Next, we implemented a JavaScript CAT algorithm and conducted a validation experiment with 485 students in grades 1–8 who were randomly assigned to complete trials of all items in the item bank in either (a) a random order or (b) a CAT order. We found that, to achieve reliability of 0.9, CAT improved test efficiency by 40%: 75 CAT items produced the same standard error of measurement as 125 items in a random order. Subsequent validation in 32 public school classrooms showed that an approximately 3-min ROAR-CAT can achieve high correlations (r = .89 for first grade, r = .73 for second grade) with alternative 5–15-min individually proctored oral reading assessments. Our findings suggest that ROAR-CAT is a promising tool for efficiently and accurately measuring single-word reading ability. Furthermore, our development process serves as a model for creating adaptive online assessments that bridge research and practice.