bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Geography of Telework in Latin America: New Spatial Devices during the Pandemic
Authors: Palomino Pichihua Yeimis Milton , Ruiz Sánchez Javier 
Published: July 2023

The pandemic has revived attention to several problems in Latin America, among them the labor gap. The rise of remote work has led to debates centered around the future of workers in the face of cognitive capitalism and data colonialism. In this connection, the health emergency is revealed as a process of reengineering that threatens to further precarize and polarize employment, erasing the physical boundary between work and the home. An examination of the devices that have given geographical meaning to this phenomenon, addressing their impact within and across urban space, and of the problems arising from the right to digital connection and disconnection in various Latin American countries reveals a complex process of virtualization/spatialization and the disappearance of the boundary between productive and reproductive tasks because of the dissemination of teleworking. La pandemia ha redescubierto diversos problemas existentes en Latinoamérica, uno de ellos la brecha laboral. El auge del trabajo remoto ha animado debates en torno al futuro de los trabajadores en el horizonte del capitalismo cognitivo y el colonialismo de datos; en este sentido, la emergencia sanitaria se revela como un proceso de reingeniería que amenaza con precarizar y polarizar el empleo; estallando la frontera física entre trabajo y hogar. Un estudio sobre los dispositivos que dan sentido geográfico a este fenómeno, desvelando su impacto desde y sobre el espacio urbano, y de los problemas derivados del derecho a la conexión y desconexión digital revela un complejo proceso de virtualización-espacialización, así como la desaparición del límite entre labores productivas y reproductivas como consecuencia de la difusión del teletrabajo.
Colorism as Historical Trauma: Exploring School Racial Context, Peer Dynamics, and Counternarratives Among Black Women
Authors: Leath Seanna , Bart-Plange Diane-Jo , Moseley Saidi , Teklu Helen 
Published: July 2023

In the current qualitative study, we draw upon the colorist-historical trauma framework and misogynoir theory to explore Black college women’s peer-based messages of skin tone bias in school settings. We analyzed individual interview data from 26 ethnically diverse Black women (18–22 years) with consensual qualitative research methods to explore their beliefs and perspectives on their peers’ colorist messages in K-16 education. We focused on three main themes from the women’s narratives, including the critical role of school racial context, the harmful nature of colorist comments from Black men and boys, and the affirming nature of counternarratives from Black girlfriends. Consistent with past studies, peers’ colorist messages reinforced racialized social hierarchies and Eurocentric notions of beauty by privileging lighter-toned women compared to darker-toned women. The young women described how colorist messages from peers contributed to body surveillance and physical insecurities during childhood, and how they cultivated personal and collective counternarratives on beauty and self-worth in adulthood. Authors discuss colorism as a form of trauma among Black women and girls, with particular attention to identity development.
Association of cannabis use with neurocognition in adolescents with bipolar disorder
Authors: Sultan Alysha A , Mio Megan , Dimick Mikaela K , Zou Yi , Karthikeyan Sudhir , Kolla Nathan , Lanctot Krista , Zack Martin , Goldstein Benjamin I 
Published: July 2023

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) and cannabis use are each associated with neurocognitive deficits in adolescents. However, little is known regarding the association of neurocognition with cannabis use among adolescents with BD. Therefore, we examined this topic in a sample of adolescents with BD and healthy control (HC) adolescents. Methods: Participants included 121 adolescents ( n = 32 with BD and lifetime cannabis use (BDCB+), n = 31 with BD and no lifetime cannabis use (BDCB−), n = 58 HC with no lifetime cannabis use), aged 14–20 years. Five neurocognitive subtests of the computerized CANTAB battery were assessed. Groups were compared using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) covarying for age, sex, and intelligence quotient. Results: The three groups differed significantly on tests of visuospatial working memory ( F = 4.41, p = 0.014, [Formula: see text]) and sustained attention ( F = 5.15, p = 0.007, [Formula: see text]). Post hoc analyses revealed working memory scores were significantly worse in BDCB+ versus HC ( p = 0.04, d = 0.59), and sustained attention was significantly worse in BDCB− versus HC ( p = 0.006, d = 0.70). Conclusion: These preliminary findings suggest that cannabis use among adolescents with BD is associated with working memory deficits. Future studies in larger samples are warranted to evaluate causation versus predisposition to cannabis use, and to evaluate duration, quantity, and potency of cannabis on neurocognition among adolescents with BD.
Multidisciplinary approach to lupus nephritis: Clinical pearls, pitfalls, and positioning of newly-approved agents
Authors: Fanouriakis Antonis , Bertsias George , Liapis George , Marinaki Smaragdi , Papagianni Aikaterini , Stangou Maria , Garyfallos Alexandros , Lionaki Sophia , Tektonidou Maria G. , Boletis John N. , Boumpas Dimitrios T 
Published: July 2023

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major course of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), best managed by a multidisciplinary group. To this end, we gathered a group of rheumatologists, nephrologists and a nephropathologist to review current evidence regarding diagnosis and management of LN. In this consensus paper, we summarize the key points from this meeting and provide practice guidelines for the management of kidney involvement in SLE, in view of emerging new data concerning novel agents approved recently. Renal biopsy is indispensable for the management of LN. Yet, important pearls and pitfalls need to be considered regarding indications and interpretation, which are summarized in informative tables. In new-onset LN, experts agreed that, although belimumab may be added from disease onset, patients with moderate to severe proliferative nephritis (defined as: NIH activity index > 5 plus ≥ 1 of the following: (i) NIH chronicity index > 2, (ii) proteinuria > 3 g/24 h, and (iii) increase in serum creatinine > 20%) may be more likely to benefit the most. In all other patients who have already started standard-of-care treatment with either mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or cyclophosphamide (CY), belimumab could be considered in cases with an inadequate clinical response by 3 months, or in cases that experience a nephritic flare following initial response, or have an inability to reduce the dose of glucocorticoids. In all circumstances, the drug should be given as add-on therapy, that is, in combination with a standard-of-care therapy (MMF or CY). Voclosporin could be considered for up to 3 years, in combination with MMF, in patients with heavy proteinuria (well above the nephrotic range), wherein a quick reduction of protein loss in urine is desirable to avoid the complications of the nephrotic syndrome, either as part of the initial regimen, or in cases of inadequate reduction of proteinuria with MMF. In view of the potential scarring effects, long-term administration beyond the first year requires further documentation.
Vinorelbine-related tetraplegia due to severe peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Bayram Ertugrul , Demir Turgay , Kaya Omer , Paydas Semra 
Published: July 2023

Introduction Vinorelbine, a semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid with anticancer activity by binding to tubulin, has shown to be successful in the treatment of cancer types including advanced non-small cell lung cancer, uterine cancer, and metastatic breast cancer. Myelosuppression, hematological effects, nausea, vomiting, exhaustion, and neuropathy are some of the most typical side effects of vinorelbine. We discuss the unusual presentation of vinorelbine-induced tetraplegia in a breast cancer patient. Case Report A 66-year-old patient with breast cancer, who was followed up with adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy after mastectomy, presented with lung and bone metastases. She progressed in the follow-ups after receiving platinum and taxane chemotherapy, vinorelbine treatment was then started. The patient complained of weakness, weariness, and trouble walking after receiving a total dose of 180 mg. Tetraplegia was found after a neurological assessment. Management and Outcome It was thought that vinorelbine was responsible for the recent acute weakness. The patient's vinorelbine treatment was stopped. During follow-up, upper extremity paresis regressed, while lower extremities muscle strength remained unchanged. Discussion Vinorelbine, frequently used in oncology practice, causes some side effects. Although very rare in the literature, in this case severe peripheral neuropathy has been reported in the follow-up of post-vinorelbine quadriparesis.
Pain experience in patients undergoing topical anesthesia alone versus topical plus intracameral anesthesia during cataract surgery
Authors: Ripa Matteo , Ricci Francesco , Rizzo Stanislao 
Published: July 2023

Purpose To evaluate and compare the pain experience and discomfort during cataract surgery and over the 24 hours after surgery in patients undergoing either topical anesthesia alone or topical anesthesia plus intracameral anesthesia, provided by using a standard topical anesthesia regimen and a 0.2-mL dose of Mydrane®. Methods Prospective study involving 100 patients who underwent cataract surgery receiving either topical anesthesia alone (group 1, n = 50) or topical anesthesia plus intracameral anesthesia (group 2, n = 50) between January 2021 and March 2022. The pain experienced by patients during and after surgery was assessed using a pain scale and a questionnaire. One hour after surgery, patients were asked to rate the intensity of discomfort they experienced throughout the procedure by pointing to a 0–100 Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results According to VAS measurements, patients who underwent surgery under topical anesthesia reported more significant pain than those who underwent surgery under topical anesthesia plus intracameral anesthesia during and over the 24 hours after surgery. ( p = 0.02 and p = 0.01, respectively). Patients undergoing topical anesthesia had 2.34-fold greater odds of having pain during surgery [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.58–5.25, p = 0.03]. Conclusions Topical anesthesia plus intracameral anesthesia lower intraoperative and postoperative pain levels, improving patient cooperation and representing a useful analgesic delivery method in cataract surgery.
Predilection of Patellofemoral Cartilage Lesions in Patients with Posterior Medial Meniscal Root Lesions
Authors: Loyst Rachel A. , Palhares Guilherme , Hinkley Paige , Rizy Morgan , Burge Alissa J. , Gomoll Andreas H. , Strickland Sabrina M. 
Published: July 2023

Objective The present study aims to compare the presence and severity of patellofemoral osteoarthritis between patients with root lesions and non-root lesions. Design A total of 102 patients were included in this study (51 root lesions and 51 non-root lesions). The root lesion cohort was matched to a non-root lesion cohort based on sex, body mass index, and age at the time of surgery. Radiographic evaluation with modified Outerbridge scoring of MRI of the knee was performed to determine the severity of degeneration of the knee joint preoperatively. Mann-Whitney and Independent t tests were used to compare the groups. Results The root lesion group had statistically greater Outerbridge patella scores (M = 2.45 ± 1.12) and trochlear scores (M = 2.27 ± 1.37) than the non-root lesion patients (M = 1.78 ± 1.30, P = 0.006, and M = 1.55 ± 1.40, P = 0.010, respectively). When using a new scale for grading patellofemoral arthritis, the root lesion group had statistically greater scores (M = 8.33 ± 3.38) than the non-root lesion patients (M = 5.67 ± 3.07) ( P < 0.001). Conclusion Patients with root lesions have a greater degree of patellofemoral cartilage lesions than patients without root lesions. The presence of cartilage lesions preoperatively in root lesion patients has presented the question of whether repair is worthwhile or if one should delay surgery until arthroplasty is indicated. Future research should be carried out on outcomes of root repair surgery in patients with patellofemoral cartilage lesions, in addition to considering the patient’s age, activity level, and other risk factors.
Can C7 Slope Accurately Substitute for an Invisible T1 Slope According to Age and Cervical Morphology in Cervical Lateral Radiographs?
Authors: Wang Zheng , Hu Xinli , Wang Wei , Cui Peng , Zhu Weiguo , Liu Xu , Kong Chao , Chen Xiaolong , Lu Shibao 
Published: July 2023

Study Design A retrospective radiologic study. Objectives To identify age-associated changes in T1 slope (T1S) and C7 slope (C7S), as well as the difference between T1S and C7S (△, which was defined as T1S minus C7S) and to explore the cervical morphology that C7S can be the most accurate alternative for the invisible T1S. Methods 625 asymptomatic Chinese volunteers received cervical lateral radiographs from August 2021 to May 2022. Occipito-C2 angle (O-C2), C2-7 angle (C2-7), cranial arch, caudal arch, C7S, and T1S were examined. Thereafter, the △ was established. The correlations among T1S, C7S, △ and other cervical sagittal parameters, and between age and other cervical sagittal parameters were evaluated with the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. Then, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to compare variations in cervical sagittal parameters among volunteers aged 40 to 59 years, 60 to 64 years, 65 to 69 years, 70 to 74 years, and ≥75 years of age, and among volunteers with 1 lordotic morphology, 2 lordotic morphology, straight morphology, kyphotic morphology, 1 sigmoid morphology, and 2 sigmoid morphology. Linear regression modeling of the correlation between C7S and T1S in various cervical alignment patterns was then established. Results △ had the strongest correlation with caudal arch ( r = .646), and weakest correlation with cranial arch ( r = -.082). Age was significantly correlated with T1S ( r = .250), C7S ( r = .244), and △ ( r = .112). Among them, △ was stable until 74 years after which it showed an elevation from 3.3° in the group 70-74 years to 4.1° in the group over 75 years. Moreover, there was marked variation between T1S and C7S at 1 lordotic, 2 lordotic, straight and 2 sigmoid alignment patterns, but no difference was seen between T1S and C7S at kyphotic and 1 sigmoid alignment patterns. Conclusions There was a progressive increase in T1S, C7S, and △ with age. Linear regression equations for accurate prediction of T1S were developed based on the C7S in 1 lordotic, 2 lordotic, straight and 2 sigmoid alignment patterns. C7S may be a reliable proxy for T1S in kyphotic and 1 sigmoid alignment patterns.
Nonoperative Treatment for Traumatic Partial Graft Rupture After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A 2-Year Follow-up Study
Authors: Yoon Kyung Ho , Park Cheol Hee , Lee Hee Sung , Hwang Sung Hyun 
Published: July 2023

Background: There are no studies on the nonoperative treatment of traumatic partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft rupture. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes and failure rates between nonoperative treatment and revision ACL reconstruction for traumatic partial ACL graft rupture. We hypothesized that the outcomes and failure rates would be comparable and that nonoperative treatment of traumatic partial ACL graft rupture can produce satisfactory outcomes. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 2114 patients treated for isolated ACL rupture between January 2000 and June 2020. Patients with traumatic partial graft rupture after ACL reconstruction with minimum 2-year follow-up data were included. Patients who met all the following conditions were candidates for nonoperative treatment: (1) Lachman or pivot-shift grade 0 or 1 at 6 months after ACL reconstruction, (2) ACL graft with low to intermediate signal intensity on 1-year postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and (3) MRI after reinjury showing definite evidence of trauma, some fibers remaining in continuity of the ACL graft, and no anterior tibial subluxation in the sagittal plane. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to treatment method: nonoperative treatment (group A) and revision ACL reconstruction (group B). Clinical scores, laxity test results, radiological outcomes, and graft failures were compared between the groups. Results: In total, 47 patients had traumatic partial graft rupture (group A, n = 10; group B, n = 37). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of clinical scores, laxity tests, radiological outcomes, or graft failure. Conclusion: The clinical and radiological outcomes of nonoperative treatment of traumatic partial graft rupture after ACL reconstruction were comparable with those of revision ACL reconstruction. Nonoperative treatment of traumatic partial ACL graft rupture can produce satisfactory outcomes in selected patients.
Differences in the Medical Advisability of Online Pitching Recommendations for Youth Softball Players Based on Website Source
Authors: Painter David F. , Byrne Rory A. , Dove James H. , Lin Yang , Owens Brett D. 
Published: July 2023

Background: Guidelines regarding injury prevention in fast-pitch softball pitchers have yet to be widely adopted, risking the online dissemination of misleading advice. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to assess the source and medical advisability of online pitching recommendations for youth softball players and highlight the risk of misinformation. It was hypothesized that many popular websites would contain content discordant with current medical guidelines regarding windmill softball pitching recommendations. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A Google search using the phrase “youth softball pitching recommendations” was performed. Up to 100 websites were extracted and analyzed for website source type (commercial, medical/educational, or athletic organization) and informational quality (advisable, neutral, or discordant). The latter was determined with respect to the STOP Sports Injuries guidelines for arm injury prevention in youth softball players. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to assess potential associations between website source type and the informational quality of content therein. Results: A total of 86 websites were included in the analysis. Website source type was significantly predictive of informational quality ( P = .018). Among the 3 source types, medical/educational websites had the highest proportion classified as advisable (12/24 [50.0%]) and the lowest proportion classified as discordant (3/24 [12.5%]). Only 17.6% (6/34) of commercial websites were advisable, and advisable websites as a whole were more likely to be from medical/educational sources than athletic organization ( P = .016) or commercial ( P = .026) sources. The advisability rate among all websites was 25.6% (22/86). Although there was a significant association between position in the search results (first 10 vs remaining 76) and website source type ( P = .006), there was no association between position and informational quality ( P = .116). The first 10 websites, which trended toward greater advisability than the remaining 76 websites ( P = .060), were more likely than the remaining websites to be medical/educational sources ( P = .002). Conclusion: Website source type was significantly predictive of medical advisability. Medical/educational websites were the most advisable, while commercial and athletic organization websites were especially poor in their advisability. The overall advisability rate was only 25.6%. When making recommendations to patients, sports medicine providers should highlight the prevalence of discordant online softball pitching guidelines and take the opportunity to share medically advisable resources.
Modeling Social Network Influences on Oral Health Outcomes among Women Living in Public Housing
Authors: Heaton B. , Bond J.C. , Bae J. , Pullen E. 
Published: July 2023

Objective: Research into the influence and role of social networks on oral health outcomes has been limited. This study aims to demonstrate via explanatory modeling the influence of social networks on oral health outcomes among women in who live in public housing in Boston, Massachusetts. Methods: Individual- and network-level data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of adult female residents of 2 public housing developments in Boston, Massachusetts. Participants responded to close-ended questions about sociodemographic characteristics, oral and general health status, and health-related behaviors for themselves as well as their named social contacts. Based on this information, network-level variables were calculated for each participant, including the proportion of the social network with certain characteristics or attributes. To assess the salience of network measures in explaining the variability in self-reported oral health status, overall health status, use of dental services within the last year, and current dental treatment needs, logistic regression models with individual-level covariates were compared with corresponding models that additionally included network-level variables with McFadden R2 for comparison purposes. Results: Model comparisons for each outcome of interest demonstrated that adding network-level covariates significantly improved model fit. Additionally, network-level covariates displayed strong independent associations with the outcomes of interest. The network proportion needing dental treatment was positively associated with participants’ odds of reporting current dental treatment needs (odds ratio, 4.71; 95% CI, 1.47 to 15.05). An individual’s odds of reporting no dental visit within the past year decreased with increasing exposure to social contacts with reported dental visits within the past year (odds ratio, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.89). Conclusion: The salience of specific network attributes depended on the outcome under study. Interventions aimed at reducing the poor oral health burden in this and similar population groups may benefit from integrating information on social networks, including tailoring intervention delivery and/or messaging to account for the potential influence of social networks. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This work may be beneficial to those developing policy solutions and interventions aimed at reducing the burden of poor oral health outcomes in socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, such as women who reside in public housing developments. The potential for leveraging social networks to seed messaging about oral health, for example, may enhance efforts to reduce oral health disparities.