bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nomogram to predict postoperative deep vein thrombosis in patients with Femoral Fracture: a retrospective study
Authors: Wu Linqin , Cheng Bo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective:More active anticoagulation prevention and treatment has reduced the incidence of perioperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with bone trauma effectively, but the incidence is still relatively high. According to the Caprini score, all patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery were defined as the high-risk group for DVT. Further risk stratification of DVT high-risk groups remains a challenge. Therefore, the Caprini score most commonly used in the perioperative period is not applicable to orthopaedic patients. We attempt to establish a specialized model to predict postoperative DVT risk in patients with femoral fracture.Methods:We collected the clinical data of 513 patients undergoing femoral fracture surgery in our hospital from May 2018 to December 2019. According to the independent risk factors of DVT obtained by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, the corresponding nomogram model was established and verified internally. The discriminative capacity of nomogram was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC). The calibration curve used to verify model consistency was the fitted line between predicted and actual incidences. The clinical validity of the nomogram model was assessed using decision curve analysis (DCA) which could quantify the net benefit of different risk threshold probabilities. Bootstrap method was applied to the internal validation of the nomogram model. Furthermore, we compared the Caprini score and nomogram.Results:The Caprini scores of subjects ranged from 5 to 17 points. The incidence of DVT was not positively correlated with the Caprini score. The predictors of the nomogram model included 10 risk factors such as age, hypoalbuminemia, multiple trauma, perioperative red blood cell infusion, etc. Compared with the Caprini scale (AUC=0.571,95% CI: 0.479~0.623), the calibration accuracy and identification ability of nomogram were higher (AUC=0.865,95% CI:0.780~0.935). The decision curve analysis (DCA) indicated the clinical effectiveness of nomogram was higher than the Caprini score.Conclusions:The nomogram was established to effectively predict postoperative DVT in patients with femoral fracture. More specialized DVT risk assessment models should be established for early identification and individualized prevention strategies to further reduce the incidence.
Efficacy, safety and mechanism of Simiaoyongan decoction in the treatment of carotid atherosclerotic plaque: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial protocol
Authors: Fan QinHua , Tan ZhongJian , Su WenQuan , Li QingXiao , Jin Dian , Du YaWei , Zhang LiPing , Wu ShengXian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic inflammation is the major pathological feature of Atherosclerosis(As). Inflammation may accelerate plaque to develop, is a key factor resulting in the thinning of fibrous cap and the vulnerable rupture of plaque. Presently, clinical treatments are still lacking. It is necessary to find a safe and effective treatment for As inflammation. Simiaoyongan Decoction (SMYA) has potential anti-inflammatory and plaque protection effects. This protocol aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety,and mechanism of SMYA for patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque.
Methods/design
The assess of SMYA clinical trial is designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The sample size is 86 cases in total, and there are 43 participants in the intervention group and the control group respectively. The intervention group takes SMYA, while the control group takes SMYA placebo. The medication lasts for 14 days every 10 weeks, with a total of 50 weeks. We will use carotid artery high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) to measure plaque. The plaque minimum fiber cap thickness (PMFCT) is adopted as the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes include plaque fiber cap volume, volume percentage of fiber cap, lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) volume, volume percentage of LRNC, internal bleeding volume of plaque, internal bleeding volume percentage of plaque, plaque calcification volume, volume percentage of plaque calcification, lumen stenosis rate, average and maximum of vessel wall thickness, vessel wall volume, total vessel wall load, carotid atherosclerosis score, hs-CRP, IL-1β and IL-6, the leve of lipid profiles and blood glucose, blood pressure and body weight.
Discussion
We anticipate that patients with As plaque will be improved from SMYA by inhibiting inflammation to enhance plaque stability. This study analyzes plaque by using HR-MRI to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of SMYA. Moreover, we conduct transcriptome analysis, proteomic analysis and metagenomic analysis of blood and stool of participants to study the mechanism of SMYA against As plaque. This is the first prospective TCM trial to directly observe and treat As plaque by inhibiting inflammatory reaction. If successful, the finding will be valuable in the treatment of As plaque and drug development, especially in the “statin era”.
Trial registration number
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000039062; Registered on 1st November 2020.
The value of homogenous hyperintensity signal on the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Jin Cong , Zhen Jiewen , He Wei , Han Weiqi , He Lei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background To compare the clinical efficacy of conservative treatment and percutaneous vertebroplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture bearing homogenous hyperintensity signals on magnetic resonance imaging and explore the value of homogenous hyperintensity signal in decision making for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture treatment.Methods From January 2016 to December 2018, we retrospectively analyzed the radiographic and clinical data of 114 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture bearing homogenous hyperintensity signals on magnetic resonance imaging. The patients were divided into a percutaneous vertebroplasty group (60 cases) and a conservative treatment group (54 cases). The visual analog scale, Oswestry disability index score, Short Form 36 questionnaire score, kyphosis angle, anterior vertebral body height, and bone union rate were compared between the two groups.Results There were no significant differences in visual analog scale, Oswestry disability index score, and Short Form 36 questionnaire score between the two groups at the three-month and one-year follow-ups (P > 0.05). All 60 patients in the percutaneous vertebroplasty group achieved bone union at the one-year follow-up at a rate of 100%. In the conservative treatment group, one patient did not achieve bone union, and the bone union rate was 98.1%. There was no significant difference in the bone union rate between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusions For patients with a homogenous hyperintensity signal, percutaneous vertebroplasty had equivalent efficacy to the conservative treatment at the long-term follow-up. Both percutaneous vertebroplasty and conservative treatment can achieve satisfactory results.
Response of microbial communities on tobacco leaf phyllosphere exposed to the broad-spectrum fungicide mancozeb
Authors: Dai Yuanfeng , Wu Xiaomao , Wang Hancheng , Liu Tingting , He Yi , Cai Liuti , Meng Jianyu , Luo Zhenbao , Chen Xingjiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Mancozeb is a broad-spectrum fungicide frequently applied as foliar spray in tobacco fields to control fungal diseases. The response of tobacco phyllosphere microbiota toward mancozeb stress was assessed using high-throughput sequencing at four time points: before spraying, and 5, 10 and 15 days after fungicide application. Results showed that the foliar application of mancozeb had moderate but significant effect on fungal community composition of tobacco phyllosphere. In all samples, Ascomycota and Proteobacteria were the most abundant phyla, and Alternaria was the dominant fungal genus. Moreover, mancozeb significantly affected indigenous bacterial communities of tobacco leaves; Pseudomonas was predominant in untreated and before mancozeb treatment groups. An increase in abundance of Ascomycota was observed in diseased samples while healthy samples showed a reduction after mancozeb application. Increased abundance of Proteobacteria was observed in treated samples, which was much higher in diseased than in healthy groups. Increased abundance of Alternaria was observed until 15 days after mancozeb application, while successive reduction in abundance of the genus was observed in the untreated healthy group. Fungal alpha diversity indices in untreated groups increased from the first collection stage to the third, whereas a decrease in four fungal indices was observed at 5 d after mancozeb exposure. A significant difference between treated and untreated groups was observed in terms of fungal richness indices of similar samples from the previous stage. Bacterial diversity indices increased after mancozeb application while they decreased in untreated samples. Mancozeb was effective in altering the fungal community structure rather than bacterial community structure. After mancozeb treatment, the proportion of pathotroph-saprotroph-symbiotroph increased while it decreased in the untreated groups. The overall findings revealed ecological implications of the effects of mancozeb on tobacco phyllosphere microbiome; our results would provide a theoretical basis for future studies on microecological protection of phyllosphere.
Facile Synthesis and X-band Microwave Absorption Performance of Activated Carbon Materials from Palm Kernel Shell Waste
Authors: Chitraningrum Nidya , Sulistyaningsih Sulistyaningsih , Arisesa Hana , Septiani Ardita , Daud Pamungkas , Desvasary Winy , Darwis Fajri , Sakti Indra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A well-developed porous activated carbon materials were synthesized from palm kernel shell (PKS) waste through the facile carbonization process with several KOH concentration, and the microwave absorbing performance were studied in the X-band range. The XRD and EDX measurement results confirmed the transformation from crystalline structure to the amorphous structure of cellulose of PKS materials with the higher carbon content. The BET analysis measures the pore size between 2–4 nm and a specific surface area between 554–825 m2/g. All activated carbon materials show the improvement of microwave absorbing performance compared to its hydro char or raw PKS materials, with the highest minimum return loss and frequency bandwidth of -37.85 dB at 11.02 GHz and 900 MHz, respectively, for activated carbon with only KOH concentration of 10%. The porous structure of AC-based PKS is benefitted to give better impedance matching and dielectric loss capacity to enhance the microwave absorbing performance of AC-based PKS waste. This observation indicates that the activated carbon can be synthesized with a facile process from PKS waste and expands the possible utilization of AC-based PKS waste as the prospective microwave absorber materials for electronics and telecommunication devices.
Prevalence and determinants of depression and suicidality among Health Sciences and Engineering students at Busitema University: A snapshot after COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Kirabira Joseph , Kagoya Enid Kawala , Mpagi Joseph , Atala Christine Etoko , Nsubuga Allan G. , Okello Francis , Okibure Ambrose , Ainembabazi Alex , Waako Paul 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

BackgroundDepression is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in Uganda and is strongly associated with suicide which is an important cause of death among people aged 15–29 years. Among University students, depression affects social and academic performance which limits the capabilities of this potentially productive population. Additionally, many students display suicidal behaviour which is commonly a manifestation of severe depression hence need for evaluation of both depression and suicidality in a bid to address them. This cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the prevalence and determinants of depression and suicidality among students at two campuses of Busitema University in rural eastern Uganda.MethodsA total of 658 were recruited with 360 from Busitema campus (faculty of engineering) and 298 from Mbale campus (faculty of health sciences). Depression and suicidality were assessed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and relevant sociodemographic and clinical factors were collected using an investigator designed questionnaire. Data was analysed quantitatively using STATA version 16.ResultsThe prevalence of major depressive episode was 32.4% while that of suicidality was 25.5%. The prevalence of both depression and suicidality was higher among health science students compared to those of engineering. Risk factors for depression included studying health sciences (adjusted odds ratio (AOR = 1.6, p-value (p) = 0.005), having chronic medical condition (AOR = 2.9, p = 0.001), being worried about academic activities (AOR = 1.6, p = 0.015) and being bullied by students (AOR = 2.0, p = 0.038). The risk factors for suicidality were having major depressive episode (AOR = 6.2, p = < 0.001) and familial history of mental illness (AOR = 1.8, p = 0.022) while being in second and fourth year of study ((AOR = 0.4, p = 0.001 and AOR = 0.2, p < 0.001 respectively) were protective against suicidality.ConclusionThe findings indicate that depression and suicidality are highly prevalent public health challenges among university students influenced by factors some of which are potentially modifiable. Hence there is an urgent need for institutions of higher learning to put in place interventions against these challenges involving staffs as well as students and their relatives to ensure good mental health among students which may improve their functioning and performance.
Mechanism of “Fructus Arctii–licorice” herb pair in treating oral-mucosa diseases based on bioinformatics–network pharmacology–molecular docking
Authors: Xing Yaoying , He Hai , Pang Zhe , Zhao Ning , Wang Zhiwang , Shao Jing , Cui Zhijia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Backbround: “Fructus Arctii–licorice” herb pair is used in several formulas for oral-mucosa diseases, but the mechanism of action has not been studied. In this work, we investigated the mechanism of action of “Fructus Arctii–licorice” herb pair on the treatment of oral-mucosa diseases at the molecular level based on bioinformatics, network pharmacology, and molecular-docking techniques.
Methods: The active ingredients of “Fructus Arctii–licorice” herb pair were screened and downloaded from the TCMSP database, and their target information was obtained. The gene chips of oral-mucosa diseases patients were obtained from the GEO database, and the differential genes were analyzed by GEO2R. The targets of oral-mucosa diseases were obtained by applying GeneCards, OMIM, and DrugBank databases, and the key targets of the “Fructus Arctii–licorice” herb pair to treat oral-mucosa diseases were obtained by taking the intersection of the three. The STRING platform was used for protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis to screen the core targets, the DAVID database was used for GO and KEGG pathway-enrichment analysis, and the molecular-docking technique was used to analyze the binding between the active ingredients of “Fructus Arctii–licorice” herb pair and the core targets.
Results:“Fructus Arctii–licorice” herb pair for the treatment of oral-mucosa diseases involved 61 key targets, 251 gene functional information, and 78 signaling pathways. The core targets were MMP9, TNF, IL6, PTGS2, and STAT3, which functioned primarily through the AGE-RAGE, TNF, IL-17, PI3K-Akt, NF-κB, JAK-STAT, and other signaling pathways. Molecular-docking results showed that the top 10 active ingredients in the "drug-component-target-disease-pathway" network diagram had good binding ability to the core targets, among which MMP9-naringenin, IL6-glyasperin B, TNF-arctigenin, PTGS2-glabridin, and STAT3-liquiritigenin had the optimum docking effect.
Conclusions:The results of this study provided a comprehensive explanation of the active ingredients, targets, and mechanisms of action of “Fructus Arctii–licorice” herb pair in treating oral-mucosa diseases. This pair primarily acted by modulating inflammatory, tumor, immune, and metabolic pathways and may provide directions for subsequent studies.
Association of individual and contextual factors to chronic spine problems: analysis from the PNS 2013
Authors: Ferreira Aryostennes Miquéias da Silva , de Assis Sanderson José Costa , Sanchis Gerônimo José Bouzas , Lopes Johnnatas Mikael , Oliveira Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli da Costa , de Souza Clécio Gabriel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Chronic pain is a frequent health problem, causing 6.8% of the Disability-Adjusted Life Years lost. Spine is the most affected region, which compromises functionality and generates absenteeism, increased health care costs, and disability retirement rates. Based on the biopsychosocial model, it is believed that chronic spinal problems are the result of a complex network of factors, both individual and contextual.
Method: This is a cross-sectional study, with data from the 2013 National Health Survey, the United Nations Development Programme, and the National Register of Health Establishments - state level - for the second and third level of aggregation, respectively. Multilevel Poisson regression was performed at 3 levels, with the first level being individual variables, the second added context variables, and the third added health program variables.
Results: The prevalence of chronic back problems was 18.5% (95%CI 17.8;19.1), with higher prevalence in female gender (RP = 1.23; 95%CI1.15;1.30), aged above 49 years (RP = 1.75; 95%CI 1.61;1.90), performing heavy activities at work (RP = 1.37; 95%CI 1.28;1.46), depressive days (RP = 1.70; 95%CI 1.50;1.94), smokers (RP = 1.37; 95%CI 1.27;1.48) and in states with higher coefficient of Multiprofessional Teams in Primary Care per 100. 000 habitants (PR = 1.28; 95%CI 1.07; 1.54). Conclusion: Spine chronic problems were associated with biological and behavioral factors, besides the association with higher coefficient of Multiprofessional Teams in Primary Care in Brazilian municipalities.
Dynamical Behavior of Fear Effect on a Diseased Prey-predator Model With Predator Harvesting
Authors: Raja N , MuthuKumar S , Pradeep M Siva , Deepak N. P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate fear in an eco-epidemiological model with infection in the prey population and harvesting in the predator population. The predator consumes its prey in the form of a Holling type II functional response at various rates. To examine the positivity and the boundedness of the solutions, the stability of all biologically feasible equilibrium points and the Hopf-bifurcation on endemic equilibrium of the system are derived. Numerical simulations are performed to support our analytical findings.
Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in sylvatic rodents in Poland using molecular and serological methods
Authors: Nowicka Joanna , Antolova Daniela , Lass Anna , Biernat Beata , Baranowicz Karolina , Goll Aleksander , Krupińska Martyna , Ferra Bartłomiej , Strachecka Aneta , Behnke Jerzy M. , Bajer Anna , Grzybek Maciej 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Rodents are known to be reservoirs of Toxoplasma gondii and keep the parasite circula-tion in the environment. We conducted biomonitoring to assess the role of sylvatic rodents in maintaining T. gondii and to analyse the prevalence and seroprevalence of the parasite in seven wild rodent species. Rodents were collected in our open grassland study site located in north-eastern Poland and dissected. We collected brain, spleen, blood and serum samples. We applied both molecular (PCR assay, nested-PCR assay) and serological (ELISA and agglutination tests) methods to indicate the best approach for application in the biomonitoring of T. gondii in small mammals. We screened samples from 68 individuals sing PCR assays and found no T. gondii DNA. The agglutination test showed no signal. We found antibodies against T. gondii in 5 sera samples out of 56 analysed (seroprevalence = 8.9% [4.4–16.8]). Our results confirm that rodents participate in the life cycle of T. gondii as reservoirs of this parasite in the sylvatic environment. However, biomonitoring should be performed with the ELISA tests to search for T. gondii anti-gens, rather than a molecular approach only.
α-Fe2O3/ZnO nanocomposite as an efficient photocatalyst for wastewater treatment and flexible electronic device applications
Authors: Sridha Saisree , Perumalsamy Sundara Venkatesh , Kulandaivel Jeganathan , Nammalwar Gopalakrishnan , Parangusan Hemalatha , Ponnamma Deepalekshmi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this work, we report the synthesis of pure α-Fe2O3, ZnO, and α-Fe2O3/ZnO nanomaterials by a simple sol-gel method for photocatalytic dye degradation and flexible electronic applications. XRD results reveal that the synthesized samples were rhombohedral and hexagonal wurtzite structures of α-Fe2O3, and ZnO nanoparticles respectively. α-Fe2O3/ZnO composites exhibit the mixed peaks of both α-Fe2O3 and ZnO crystal structures which substantiate the formation of α-Fe2O3/ZnO composites. From the optical studies, the band gaps of α-Fe2O3, ZnO, α-Fe2O3/ZnO composites of (1:1), and (1:2) ratios are calculated as 2.11, 3.14, 2.87, and 2.92 eV respectively. Compared to pure α-Fe2O3 and ZnO nanoparticles, α-Fe2O3/ZnO composites of (1:2) ratio exhibit superior photocatalytic behaviour under the irradiation of the natural sunlight and also show good stability for up to five cycles. From the scavenger studies, it is concluded that hydroxyl radicals are the major contributors to the photocatalytic decolourization of methylene blue dye molecules. The dielectric behaviour of the pure and blended nanoparticles is also investigated in a wide range of frequencies using impedance spectroscopy. The nanoparticles embedded in Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) or α-Fe2O3/ZnO/PVA thin films demonstrate a higher dielectric constant (32.68) and lower loss factor (3.32) than pristine PVA. The AC conductivity (σ AC) of α-Fe2O3/ZnO composites of (1:2) ratio is 10− 12 S/cm. These findings indicate the possibilities of using α-Fe2O3/ZnO/PVA composites as a flexible dielectric material for the fabrication of flexible electronic devices.
Spatio-temporal variability of heartwood proportion in Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir.
Authors: SEGLA Kossi Novinyo , ADJONOU Kossi , HABOU Rabiou , KOKUTSE Adzo Dzifa , MAHAMANE Ali , LANGBOUR Patrick , GUIBAL Daniel , CHAIX Gilles , KOKOU Kouami 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. is a species found in the Guineo-Sudanian and Sudano-Sahelian zones, known for its high-quality wood. However, there is limited understanding of its forestry and technological properties, which currently prevents its inclusion in reforestation programs. The objective of this study was to analyze the factors influencing heartwood variability in P. erinaceus. The study was conducted on 40 wood cores collected from three climatic zones (Sudanian, Guinean, and Sahelian). The results revealed significant variation in the percentage of heartwood across agroecological zones, with the highest percentage observed in the Sahelian zone (90.16 ± 3.21%) and the lowest in the Guinean zone (75.20 ± 6.85%). The study also found a significant correlation between the percentage of heartwood and tree diameter, as well as between the percentage of heartwood and tree age. Duraminization initiation was found to occur early in trees from the Guinean (14 years) and Sudanian (16 years) zones, while in the Sahelian zone, it starts at the age of 21 years. The results also reveal a decrease in duraminization rate with age, regardless of climatic zone.