bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving manufacturing supply chain performance: nexus of industrial Internet of Things, blockchain technology and innovativeness
Authors: Rehman Shafique Ur , Usman Muhammad , Fernando Yudi , Kamarudin Diyana , Waheed Abdul 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to model the mediating effects of facilitating conditions and innovativeness in the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and blockchain technology (BT) on manufacturing supply chain performance (MSCP).

Design/methodology/approach
Partial least square structural equation modelling was used to test the goodness of the model fit and hypotheses by using SmartPLS 3.3.3. Data was collected from 464 managers in Pakistan’s automotive industry through a stratified random sampling technique.

Findings
IIoT, BT, facilitating conditions and innovativeness significantly enhanced the MSCP. Therefore, the mediation between facilitating conditions and innovativeness to IIoT and BT adoption was significant in the MSCP.

Practical implications
The adoption of digital technology to improve the MSCP can assist companies in reducing the cost of complex procurement, production and distribution processes through secured and efficient operations. Furthermore, organisations must establish a conducive atmosphere that fosters experimentation, collaboration and resource allocation towards technological advancements to capitalise on the advantages of these technologies effectively.

Originality/value
This study developed a research model integrating IIoT technology, BT, facilitating conditions and innovativeness to determine the MSCP under the resource-based view theory. The outcome of this study could help organisations design a framework to improve supply chain performance by integrating innovativeness.
A strain rate-dependent analytical approach for low-velocity impact on the beam composed of silicon-nitride and stainless-steel
Authors: Ranjbar-Roeintan Mehdi 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the strain rate effect on the problem of low-velocity impact (LVI) on a beam, including silicon nitride and stainless steel materials.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the nonlinear Hertz impact mechanism, the energies related to the impactor and the beam are written, and motion equations are derived using the Lagrangian mechanics and Ritz method. The strain rate term is represented as a damping matrix in the equations of motion. In the issue of LVI on the silicon nitride and stainless steel beam, the effect of internal viscous damping coefficient in simply–simply and clamped–free boundary conditions are studied. Also, the influence of the volume fraction index in the range between zero and one and greater than one on the impact response is investigated.

Findings
The results make it clear that the strain rate parameter had little effect on the response in LVI. Also, an increase in the volume fraction index has led to a decrease in the contact force and an increase in the rebound velocity of the impactor.

Originality/value
The effect of strain rate on LVI is theoretically studied in this paper, while in most of the papers, this effect is investigated experimentally and numerically.
Elderly functionality and its associated factors in a rural context of Colombia: a structural equations model
Authors: Yarce-Pinzón Eunice , Paredes-Arturo Yenny Vicky , Florez-Madroñero Andrea , Aguirre-Acevedo Daniel Camilo , Diaz-Velásquez Diego Mauricio 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with functionality, a clinical criterion that could predict frailty in the elderly people in a rural context.

Design/methodology/approach
This project is a cross-sectional descriptive analysis of 342 adults of age >60 years who are residents of Putumayo province in Colombia. Information regarding demographic characteristics, medical history, health perception and current illness was collected. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) protocol was used to perform cognitive evaluation; the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale was used to establish depressive symptoms; and the Hamilton Rating Scale was used to assess anxiety level. Questionnaire was used to evaluate performance on instrumental activities of daily living that lead to functional independence [daily life questionnaire (DLQ)]. The medical outcomes study scale was used to assess social parameters.

Findings
A moderate and negative correlation was found between the DLQ score and age (r = −0.49; 95% CI: −0.57 to −0.47), whereas a positive correlation was found with education (r = 0.17; 95% CI: 0.07–0.27). Older adults with economic independence achieved a higher score in functional performance than those with economic dependence (standardized mean difference = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.33–0.77). This study observed a moderate correlation a moderate correlation between the MMSE cognitive performance (r = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.48−0.63) and the depressive symptomatology of Yesavage Scale (r = −0.36, 95% CI: −0.44 to −0.26). Finally, the structural model determined that age (r = −0.37), economic dependence (r = −0.383) and cognitive state (r = 0.309) determine the functional component.

Research limitations/implications
This study provides empirical support about older adults living in rural contexts, around the functionality variable from a multidimensional approach, highlighting the sociodemographic and cognitive variables. Consequently, the policy of social support in older adults must be oriented toward the development of a range of divergent intervention strategies.

Originality/value
The study deals with the assessment of functionality in the elderly people from an interdisciplinary approach in the rural setting which presents a greater risk of physical and socioeconomic vulnerability. Therefore, the community, the health professionals and the government entities should help implement active aging programs for this population.
Diversity of ‘simple’ multicellular eukaryotes: 45 independent cases and six types of multicellularity
Authors: Lamża Łukasz 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTMulticellularity evolved multiple times in the history of life, with most reviewers agreeing that it appeared at least 20 times in eukaryotes. However, a specific list of multicellular eukaryotes with clear criteria for inclusion has not yet been published. Herein, an updated critical review of eukaryotic multicellularity is presented, based on current understanding of eukaryotic phylogeny and new discoveries in microbiology, phycology and mycology. As a result, 45 independent multicellular lineages are identified that fall into six distinct types. Functional criteria, as distinct from a purely topological definition of a cell, are introduced to bring uniformity and clarity to the existing definitions of terms such as colony, multicellularity, thallus or plasmodium. The category of clonal multicellularity is expanded to include: (i) septated multinucleated thalli found in Pseudofungi and early‐branching Fungi such as Chytridiomycota and Blastocladiomycota; and (ii) multicellular reproductive structures formed by plasmotomy in intracellular parasites such as Phytomyxea. Furthermore, (iii) endogeneous budding, as found in Paramyxida, is described as a form of multicellularity. The best‐known case of clonal multicellularity, i.e. (iv) non‐separation of cells after cell division, as known from Metazoa and Ochrophyta, is also discussed. The category of aggregative multicellularity is expanded to include not only (v) pseudoplasmodial forms, such a sorocarp‐forming Acrasida, but also (vi) meroplasmodial organisms, such as members of Variosea or Filoreta. A common set of topological, geometric, genetic and life‐cycle criteria are presented that form a coherent, philosophically sound framework for discussing multicellularity. A possibility of a seventh type of multicellularity is discussed, that of multi‐species superorganisms formed by protists with obligatory bacterial symbionts, such as some members of Oxymonada or Parabasalia. Its inclusion is dependent on the philosophical stance taken towards the concepts of individuality and organism in biology. Taxa that merit special attention are identified, such as colonial Centrohelea, and a new speculative form of multicellularity, possibly present in some reticulopodial amoebae, is briefly described. Because of insufficient phylogenetic and morphological data, not all lineages could be unequivocally identified, and the true total number of all multicellular eukaryotic lineages is therefore higher, likely close to a hundred.
Right‐to‐left ventricular ratio is higher in systole than diastole in patients with acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Lyhne Mads Dam , Dudzinski David M. , Andersen Asger , Nielsen‐Kudsk Jens Erik , Muzikansky Alona , Kabrhel Christopher 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesIn acute pulmonary embolism (PE), the right ventricle (RV) may dilate compromising left ventricular (LV) size, thereby increasing RV/LV ratio. End‐diastolic RV/LV ratio is often used in PE risk stratification, though the cause of death is RV systolic failure. We aimed to confirm our pre‐clinical observations of higher RV/LV ratio in systole compared to diastole in human patients with PE.MethodsWe blinded and independently analyzed echocardiograms from 606 patients with PE, evaluated by a Pulmonary Embolism Response Team. We measured RV/LV ratios in end‐systole and end‐diastole and fractional area change (FAC). Our primary outcome was a composite of 7‐day clinical deterioration, treatment escalation or death. Secondary outcomes were 7‐day and 30‐day all‐cause mortality.ResultsRV/LV ratio was higher in systole compared to diastole (median 1.010 [.812–1.256] vs. .975 [.843–1.149], p < .0001). RV/LV in systole and diastole were correlated (slope = 1.30 [95% CI 1.25–1.35], p < .0001 vs. slope = 1). RV/LV ratios in both systole and diastole were associated with the primary composite outcome but not with all‐cause mortality.ConclusionThe RV/LV ratio is higher when measured in systole versus in diastole in patients with acute PE. The two approaches had similar associations with clinical outcomes, that is, it appears reasonable to measure RV/LV ratio in diastole.
Deliberation on debilitating condition of cancer cachexia: Skeletal muscle wasting
Authors: Dave Srusti , Patel Bhoomika M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer cachexia is a debilitating syndrome associated with marked body loss because of muscular atrophy and fat loss. There are several mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of cachexia. The presence of the tumor releases cytokines from inflammatory and immune cells, which play a significant role in activating and deactivating certain pathways associated with protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. This review focuses on various cascades involving an imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation in the skeletal muscles.ObjectivesThis study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle wasting phenomenon over the last few years.MethodsThis article briefly overviews different pathways responsible for muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. Studies published up to April 2023 were included. Important findings and study contributions were chosen and compiled using several databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and ClinicalTrials.gov using relevant keywords.ResultsCancer cachexia is a complex disease involving multiple factors resulting in atrophy of skeletal muscles. Systemic inflammation, altered energy balance and carbohydrate metabolism, altered lipid and protein metabolism, and adipose tissue browning are some of the major culprits in cancer cachexia. Increased protein degradation and decreased protein synthesis lead to muscle atrophy. Changes in signaling pathway like ubiquitin‐proteasome, autophagy, mTOR, AMPK, and IGF‐1 also lead to muscle wasting. Physical exercise, nutritional supplementation, steroids, myostatin inhibitors, and interventions targeting on inflammation have been investigated to treat cancer cachexia. Some therapy showed positive results in preclinical and clinical settings, although more research on the efficacy and safety of the treatment should be done.ConclusionMuscle atrophy in cancer cachexia is the result of multiple complex mechanisms; as a result, a lot more research has been done to describe the pathophysiology of the disease. Targeted therapy and multimodal interventions can improve clinical outcomes for patients.
Consistent imprints of elevation, soil temperature and moisture on plant and arthropod communities across two subarctic landscapes
Authors: Peña‐Aguilera Pablo , Schmidt Niels M. , Stewart Lærke , Parisy Bastien , van der Wal René , Lindman Ly , Vesterinen Eero J. , Maclean Ilya M. D. , Kankaanpää Tuomas , Wirta Helena , Roslin Tomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFactors shaping arthropod and plant community structure at fine spatial scales are poorly understood. This includes microclimate, which likely plays a large role in shaping local community patterns, especially in heterogeneous landscapes characterised by high microclimatic variability in space and in time.We explored differences in local microclimatic conditions and regional species pools in two subarctic regions: Kilpisjärvi in north‐west Finland and Varanger in north‐east Norway. We then investigated the relationship between fine‐scale climatic variation and local community characteristics (species richness and abundance) among plants and arthropods, differentiating the latter into two groups: flying and ground‐dwelling arthropods collected by Malaise and pitfall traps, respectively. Arthropod taxa were identified through DNA metabarcoding. Finally, we examined if plant richness can be used to predict patterns in arthropod communities.Variation in soil temperature, moisture and snow depth proved similar between regions, despite differences in absolute elevation. For each group of organisms, we found that about half of the species were shared between Kilpisjärvi and Varanger, with a quarter unique to each region.Plants and arthropods responded largely to the same drivers. The richness and abundance of both groups decreased as elevation increased and were positively correlated with higher soil moisture and temperature values. Plant species richness was a poor predictor of local arthropod richness, in particular for ground‐dwelling arthropods.Our results reveal how microclimatic variation within each region carves pronounced, yet consistent patterns in local community richness and abundance out of a joint species pool.
Post‐national brand utopias: Islamic State and the Good Country as challengers to the nation‐state
Authors: Kaneva Nadia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study presents a critical discourse analysis of two ideological challengers to the nation‐state: (1) Islamic State, which declared a Caliphate in 2014, and (2) the Good Country, a virtual state founded in 2018. While rooted in dramatically different ideologies, both projects explicitly reject nationalism and rely on media and promotional discourses to build support for their post‐national utopias. The study addresses three research questions: (1) How does each project challenge nationalism and the nation‐state? (2) What alternative utopia does each articulate? (3) How does promotional discourse shape their respective challenges and utopias? The analysis finds significant differences in the challenges, but also important similarities in the utopias, namely, (1) a multi‐cultural, multi‐ethnic, multi‐racial vision of post‐national collectivities; (2) a devaluing of the importance of bounded territorial sovereignty; and (3) an emphasis on individualization and taking personal action to ‘opt into’ a post‐national state based on shared values.
PIF3 is phosphorylated by MAPK to modulate plant immunity
Authors: Zhao Yan , Zheng Xiaojuan , Zhang Xiaojuan , Wang Wei , Cai Gaihong , Bi Guozhi , Chen She , Sun Chuanqing , Zhou Jian‐Min 
Published: July 2023

Summary
Surface‐localized pattern recognition receptors perceive pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to activate pattern‐triggered immunity (PTI). Activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) represents a major PTI response.
Here, we report that Arabidopsis thaliana PIF3 negatively regulates plant defense gene expression and resistance to Pseudomonas syringae DC3000. PAMPs trigger phosphorylation of PIF3. Further study reveals that PIF3 interacts with and is phosphorylated by MPK3/6.
By mass spectrometry and site‐directed mutagenesis, we identified the corresponding phosphorylation sites which fit for SP motif. We further show that a phospho‐mimicking PIF3 variant (PIF36D/pifq) conferred increased susceptibility to P. syringae DC3000 and caused lower levels of defense gene expression in plants.
Together, this study reveals that PIF3 is phosphorylated by MPK3/6 and phosphorylation of the SP motif residues is required for its negative regulation on plant immunity.
Micro‐spatial flood risk assessment in Nagaon district, Assam (India) using GIS‐based multi‐criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP)
Authors: Bhuyan Manash Jyoti , Deka Nityananda , Saikia Ashish 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNagaon is one of the highly flood‐prone districts of Assam, India that recurrently experiences devastating floods resulting in the loss of lives and property and wreaking havoc on the district's socioeconomic infrastructure. Identification and mapping of spatial patterns of flood hazards, flood vulnerability, and flood risk zones (FRZs) of the district are, therefore, crucial for flood management and mitigation. The present study, therefore, attempts to delineate the FRZs of more than 930 villages in the Nagaon district by integrating the flood hazard and vulnerability layers in the geospatial environment using the multi‐criteria decision analysis and analytical hierarchy process techniques. Here, seven flood hazard and vulnerability indicators are considered to derive each layer separately. The results indicate that about 15.14% of the district's total villages are in the very high FRZ, 27.93% in the high, 46.62% in the moderate, and 10.3% in the low FRZ. Further, bivariate correlation analysis is used to evaluate the results with the percentages of the population, cropland, and animals affected by floods at different temporal scales in order to ensure that the revenue circles with a higher percentage of area under high and very high FRZs genuinely have higher percentages of flood‐affected cropland, people, and livestock. The significance of this research is evident in its pragmatic findings that could aid the stakeholders in managing and reducing flood risk at micro‐spatial scales.
Chronic illness and COVID‐19‐related risk and protective behaviors
Authors: Beam Aislinn B. , Johnson Angela E. , Alegria Katie E. , Fleszar‐Pavlović Sara E. , Ngo Dalena , Song Anna V. , Howell Jennifer L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPeople with chronic illnesses are at increased risk of contracting COVID‐19. Still, little is known about whether such an increased risk relates to COVID‐19‐related protective behaviors among those with chronic illness. This study compares the self‐reported COVID‐19 risky and protective behaviors—specifically physically distancing, handwashing, and having houseguests—of people (N = 936) (1) living with chronic illnesses or (2) cohabiting with someone with chronic illness to those who fall in neither category at the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic (April 2020). Study results were mixed: people with a chronic illness were more likely to have had houseguests in the past 5 days and less likely to have increased their handwashing in response to the pandemic, but were also more likely to physical distance when outside the home. Those cohabiting with someone with a chronic illness were more likely to have had houseguests, but did not differ in other outcomes.
Matrix completion of world trade: An analysis of interpretability through Shapley values
Authors: Gnecco Giorgio , Nutarelli Federico , Riccaboni Massimo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEconomic complexity and machine learning have recently become popular approaches for analysing international trade. However, for effective use of machine learning in relation to economic complexity and policymaking, it is important to understand what are the key features for predictions. In this framework, this article addresses the issue of the interpretability of results obtained with a machine learning technique—namely, matrix completion—when applied to economic complexity, specifically in predicting revealed comparative advantages (RCAs) of countries in different product categories. Shapley values are used to measure the role each country plays in predicting the RCAs of other countries. Countries relevant for prediction may differ from countries whose RCA values are similar to those of the country of interest when a standard similarity measure such as cosine similarity is used. We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach to identifying comparable countries by focussing our analysis on export diversification into complex goods of selected European countries.
The be‐ versusget‐passive alternation in world Englishes
Authors: Hundt Marianne , Dallas Bethany , Nakanishi Shimon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMultifactorial studies of thebe:get‐passive alternation are still rare. On the basis of theInternational Corpus of English, this is the first investigation to use mixed modelling for the passive alternation in world Englishes. Overall, our findings reveal that regional differences are far less important than language‐internal constraints, with Inner and Outer Circle varieties largely sharing a core grammar. Additionally, while there is qualitative evidence confirming the interchangeability of the two passive allostructions, our generalised‐mixed model reveals that the choice is still heavily influenced by the different semantic origins of the variants, evident not only in the adversative semantics of theget‐passive but also in a tendency to prefer human/animate subjects. The strong prescriptive reaction to the progressive passive in the Late Modern period, however, has not resulted in a marked preference forgetoverbein progressives in our data.