bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lactobacillus rhamnosus MN‐431 Metabolic Tryptophan Alleviates Complementary Food‐Induced Diarrhea through PXR–NF‐κB Pathway and AHR–Th17 Cell Response Pathways
Authors: Niu Haiyue , Zhou Xiaohong , Liu Ping , Wu Yifan , Lyu Linzheng , Liu Tongjie , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Jiliang , Chen Shiwei , Gong Pimin , Han Xue , Zhang Lanwei 
Published: March 2023

ScopeLactobacillus rhamnosus MN‐431 tryptophan broth culture (MN‐431 TBC) can prevent complementary food‐induced diarrhea (CFID). However, it is not clear whether this effect is related to indole derivatives.Methods and resultsIn this study, the anti‐CFID effects of different components in MN‐431 TBC including MN‐431 cells, unfermented tryptophan broth, and supernatant of MN‐431 TBC (MN‐431 TBS) are investigated. Only MN‐431 TBS can significantly prevent CFID, indicating that indole derivatives produced by MN‐431 can exert antidiarrheal effects. Intestinal morphological analysis reveals that MN‐431 TBS can increase the number of goblet cells, height of ileal villi, and length of rectal glands while also increasing the expression of ZO‐1 in colon. Furthermore, HPLC analysis reveals the indole derivatives in MN‐431 TBS are IAld and skatole. Cell experiments demonstrate that MN‐431 TBS promotes the transcription of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR), comparable to the synergistic effect of IAld and skatole. MN‐431 TBS can activate AHR and reduces the concentrations of Th17 cell‐inflammatory factors IL‐17A and IL‐21 in intestine and IL‐17F, IL‐21, and IL‐22 in serum. MN‐431 TBS can also activate PXR and reduces the concentrations of TNF‐α and IL‐6 in intestine and serum.ConclusionMN‐431 TBS, containing IAld and skatole, can exert anti‐CFID effects through the AHR–Th17 and PXR–NF‐κB pathways.
Semi‐supervised graph convolutional networks for the domain adaptive recognition of thyroid nodules in cross‐device ultrasound images
Authors: Zhang Kun , Li Zhongyu , Cai Chang , Liu Jingyi , Xu Dou , Fang Chaowei , Huang Peng , Wang Ying , Yang Meng , Chang Shi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundUltrasound plays a critical role in the early screening and diagnosis of cancers. Although deep neural networks have been widely investigated in the computer‐aided diagnosis (CAD) of different medical images, diverse ultrasound devices, and image modalities pose challenges for clinical applications, especially in the recognition of thyroid nodules having various shapes and sizes. More generalized and extensible methods need to be developed for the cross‐devices recognition of thyroid nodules.PurposeIn this work, a semi‐supervised graph convolutional deep learning framework is proposed for the domain adaptative recognition of thyroid nodules across several ultrasound devices. A deep classification network, trained on a source domain with a specific device, can be transferred to recognize thyroid nodules on the target domain with other devices, using only few manual annotated ultrasound images.MethodsThis study presents a semi‐supervised graph‐convolutional‐network‐based domain adaptation framework, namely Semi‐GCNs‐DA. Based on the ResNet backbone, it is extended in three aspects for domain adaptation, that is, graph convolutional networks (GCNs) for the connection construction between source and target domains, semi‐supervised GCNs for accurate target domain recognition, and pseudo labels for unlabeled target domains. Data were collected from 1498 patients comprising 12 108 images with or without thyroid nodules under three different ultrasound devices. Accuracy, Sensitivity and Specificity were used for the performance evaluation.ResultsThe proposed method was validated on six groups of data for a single source domain adaptation task, the mean Accuracy was 0.9719 ± 0.0023, 0.9928 ± 0.0022, 0.9353 ± 0.0105, 0.8727 ± 0.0021, 0.7596 ± 0.0045, 0.8482 ± 0.0092, which achieved better performance in comparison with the state‐of‐the‐art. The proposed method was also validated on three groups of multiple source domain adaptation tasks. In particular, when using X60 and HS50 as the source domain data, and H60 as the target domain, it can achieve the Accuracy of 0.8829 ± 0.0079, Sensitivity of 0.9757 ± 0.0001, and Specificity of 0.7894 ± 0.0164. Ablation experiments also demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed modules.ConclusionThe developed Semi‐GCNs‐DA framework can effectively recognize thyroid nodules on different ultrasound devices. The developed semi‐supervised GCNs can be further extended to the domain adaptation problems for other modalities of medical images.
Multiscale feature fusion network for 3D head MRI image registration
Authors: Yang Shixin , Li Haojiang , Chen Shuchao , Huang Wenjie , Liu Demin , Ruan Guangying , Huang Qiangyang , Gong Qiong , Liu Lizhi , Chen Hongbo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundImage registration technology has become an important medical image preprocessing step with the wide application of computer‐aided diagnosis technology in various medical image analysis tasks.PurposeWe propose a multiscale feature fusion registration based on deep learning to achieve the accurate registration and fusion of head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and solve the problem that general registration methods cannot handle the complex spatial information and position information of head MRI.MethodsOur proposed multiscale feature fusion registration network consists of three sequentially trained modules. The first is an affine registration module that implements affine transformation; the second is to realize non‐rigid transformation, a deformable registration module composed of top‐down and bottom‐up feature fusion subnetworks in parallel; and the third is a deformable registration module that also realizes non‐rigid transformation and is composed of two feature fusion subnetworks in series. The network decomposes the deformation field of large displacement into multiple deformation fields of small displacement by multiscale registration and registration, which reduces the difficulty of registration. Moreover, multiscale information in head MRI is learned in a targeted manner, which improves the registration accuracy, by connecting the two feature fusion subnetworks.ResultsWe used 29 3D head MRIs for training and seven volumes for testing and calculated the values of the registration evaluation metrics for the new algorithm to register anterior and posterior lateral pterygoid muscles. The Dice similarity coefficient was 0.745 ± 0.021, the Hausdorff distance was 3.441 ± 0.935 mm, the Average surface distance was 0.738 ± 0.098 mm, and the Standard deviation of the Jacobian matrix was 0.425 ± 0.043. Our new algorithm achieved a higher registration accuracy compared with state‐of‐the‐art registration methods.ConclusionsOur proposed multiscale feature fusion registration network can realize end‐to‐end deformable registration of 3D head MRI, which can effectively cope with the characteristics of large deformation displacement and the rich details of head images and provide reliable technical support for the diagnosis and analysis of head diseases.
Conjugated surfactant micelles: A non‐denaturing purification platform for concentrated human immunoglobulin G
Authors: Dhandapani Gunasekaran , Wachtel Ellen , Patchornik Guy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs downstream purification and separation technologies progress towards raising the concentration of therapeutic‐grade monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in cell culture, downstream processing has begun to face increased difficulty in efficiently coping with such high immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers (≤25 mg mL−1). In the current study, we demonstrate the ability of a non‐chromatographic, ligand‐free procedure to recover almost quantitatively (84–99% yield, by densitometry) polyclonal, human IgG present at high concentrations (15–25 mg mL−1) in E. coli lysate. Instead of chromatographic media and columns, we use conjugated, mixed‐micelles comprising non‐ionic detergents, tyrosine monomers, and the amphiphilic [(bathophenanthroline)3:Fe2+] complex. Capture and extraction processes are performed at pH 6.5–7, thereby avoiding antibody exposure to acidic, potentially denaturing conditions. Recovered IgG is monomeric as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Process upscaling from 0.1 to 5 mL requires only proportional increase in all reagents and does not affect overall yield or antibody purity.
Polypropylene‐based nanocomposite with improved mechanical properties: Effect of cellulose nanofiber and polyrotaxane with partial miscibility
Authors: Harada Ko , Chu Pinjung , Xu Kai , Fujimori Atsuhiro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe mechanical properties and miscibility of polymer‐based composites containing cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and polyrotaxane (p‐rtx) as organic fillers were studied in detail. CNF and p‐rtx were introduced as powders into a polypropylene (PP) matrix, and composites were prepared using a simple melt‐compounding method. The best mechanical properties were achieved when CNF and p‐rtx were loaded at a concentration of 0.6 wt%. The Young's modulus of the composite increased by 760 MPa compared with that of the PP matrix. In addition, the presence of mica in the composite promoted the epitaxial growth of PP along the (1 3 0) plane. The various shifts in the melting/crystallization temperatures of the composites prepared at different CNF:p‐rtx ratios confirmed the partial miscibility between the fillers and the matrix. The enhancement in the mechanical properties of the composite is believed to be due to the miscibility of the surfaces of aggregates of the organic fillers with PP and the uniform dispersion of the organic fillers in the matrix.
Preparation and properties of β‐CD/P(AM‐co‐AA) composite hydrogel by frontal polymerization of ternary deep eutectic solvent
Authors: Li Bin , Zhou Mengjing , Xu Xiaojia , Liu Jizhen , Hao Wenrui , Wu Aolin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCholine chloride, acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid (AA) were used as raw materials to prepare deep eutectic solvent, and β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) was used as filler to prepare β‐CD/P(AM‐co‐AA) composite hydrogel by frontal polymerization. The composite hydrogel was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The pH response, mechanical properties and self‐healing of the hydrogel were studied. The results show that AA contains easily ionized –COOH, which makes the composite hydrogel have excellent pH response and super‐high swelling ratio under alkaline conditions. With the addition of β‐CD, due to the increase of hydrogen bonds and the combination of β‐CD and polymer chains the mechanical properties of the hydrogel are obviously improved and the tensile strength and compressive strength are increased by 4.12 and 2.26 times respectively. The introduction of β‐CD can improve the self‐healing performance of the composite hydrogel. With the increase of β‐CD content, the healing rate and healing speed of the composite hydrogel show an upward trend. In this study, a simpler and faster method is proposed to prepare self‐healing composite hydrogel with excellent mechanical properties and pH responsiveness. The self‐healing property and the existence of a hydrophobic cavity of β‐CD make β‐CD/P(AM‐co‐AA) composite hydrogel have potential application in wound healing. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Plant responses to limited aeration: Advances and future challenges
Authors: Dalle Carbonare Laura , Jiménez Juan de la Cruz , Lichtenauer Sophie , van Veen Hans 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLimited aeration that is caused by tissue geometry, diffusion barriers, high elevation, or a flooding event poses major challenges to plants and is often, but not exclusively, associated with low oxygen. These processes span a broad interest in the research community ranging from whole plant and crop responses, post‐harvest physiology, plant morphology and anatomy, fermentative metabolism, plant developmental processes, oxygen sensing by ERF‐VIIs, gene expression profiles, the gaseous hormone ethylene, and O2 dynamics at cellular resolution. The International Society for Plant Anaerobiosis (ISPA) gathers researchers from all over the world contributing to understand the causes, responses, and consequences of limited aeration in plants. During the 14th ISPA meeting, major research progress was related to the evolution of O2 sensing mechanisms and the intricate network that balances low O2 signaling. Here, the work moved beyond flooding stress and emphasized novel underexplored roles of low O2 and limited aeration in altitude adaptation, fruit development and storage, and the vegetative development of growth apices. Regarding tolerance towards flooding, the meeting stressed the relevance and regulation of developmental plasticity, aerenchyma, and barrier formation to improve internal aeration. Additional newly explored flood tolerance traits concerned resource balance, senescence, and the exploration of natural genetic variation for novel tolerance loci. In this report, we summarize and synthesize the major progress and future challenges for low O2 and aeration research presented at the conference.
Safety and effectiveness of ethanol neurolysis with and without onabotulinumtoxinA in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Shoval Hannah A. , Ace Jessica C. , Reddy Mayuri R. , Grew Emily C. , Cheng JenFu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundOnabotulinumtoxinA is commonly used to relieve spasticity in children with neurologic disorders. Ethanol neurolysis may be used to target more muscles but is less well studied, especially in pediatrics.ObjectiveTo determine the safety and effectiveness of ethanol neurolysis with onabotulinumtoxinA injections compared to only onabotulinumtoxinA injections for the treatment of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy.DesignProspective cohort study including patients with cerebral palsy receiving onabotulinumtoxinA and/or ethanol neurolysis from June 2020 to June 2021.SettingOutpatient physiatry clinic.PatientsA total of 167 children with cerebral palsy not undergoing other treatments during injection period.InterventionsInjection with either onabotulinumtoxinA only (112 children) or a combination of ethanol and onabotulinumtoxinA injections (55 children) using both ultrasound guidance and electrical stimulation.Main outcome measuresA post‐procedure evaluation at 2 weeks after injection documented any adverse effects experienced by the child and perceived magnitude of improvement using an ordinal scale from 1 to 5. Multiple linear regression was used to identify and control for covariates including Gross Motor Function Classification System, gender, age, weight, ethnicity, race, and dosage.ResultsOnly weight was identified as a confounding factor. When controlled for weight, combined onabotulinumtoxinA and ethanol injections had a greater magnitude of improvement (3.78/5) compared with onabotulinumtoxinA injections alone (3.44/5), a difference of 0.34 points on the rating scale (95% confidence interval: 0.01–0.69; p = .045). However, the difference was not clinically significant. One patient in the onabotulinumtoxinA‐only group and two patients in the combined onabotulinumtoxinA and ethanol group reported mild, self‐limiting adverse effects.ConclusionEthanol neurolysis under ultrasound and electrical stimulation guidance may be a safe and effective treatment for children with cerebral palsy that allows more spastic muscles to be treated than onabotulinumtoxinA alone.
Comparison of continuous wave and pulsed mode plasma polymerization of glycidol for storage‐stable coatings for biomolecule immobilization
Authors: Chakraborty Argha , Jasieniak Marek , Coad Bryan R. , Griesser Hans J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPlasma polymers from glycidol vapors are of interest for direct covalent grafting of molecules bearing amine or thiol groups. The question of whether pulsed plasma operation might lead to a higher surface density of epoxide groups and a higher density of grafted molecules is studied using the antifungal drug caspofungin. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Time of flight‐secondary ions mass spectrometry analysis followed by caspofungin grafting revealed that both continuous wave and pulsed plasmas led to surface epoxides but with higher densities upon pulsing. Investigations into stability suggested that glycidol plasma polymer coatings were still able to immobilize caspofungin after 2 years of storage, making them suitable for applications where grafting of molecules needs to be done immediately before usage of a device.
A case of metastatic adenoid cystic (basal cell) carcinoma of the prostate: Systemic therapy for a rare disease
Authors: Trinh Jonathan Q. , Lele Subodh M. , Teply Benjamin A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMetastatic adenoid cystic (basal cell) carcinoma of the prostate is an exceedingly rare disease entity. As a result, no current consensus exists for optimal systemic therapy.MethodsWe present a patient with metastatic adenoid cystic (basal cell) carcinoma of the prostate who subsequently received systemic treatment, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy. We comprehensively reviewed all published data on therapy outcomes in advanced disease.ResultsOur patient benefited from combination chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel), with objective radiographic response and reduction in cancer‐related pain. However, chemotherapy was stopped due to cumulative neurotoxicity, and subsequent immunotherapy with atezolizumab did not produce any response. Our literature review revealed inconsistent outcomes with various treatments but showed most promise with chemotherapy. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy seem to benefit specific cases, and androgen deprivation therapy had minimal evidence of benefit.ConclusionBased on the findings of our case report and literature review, we suggest platinum‐based chemotherapy doublets as first‐line treatment for metastatic cases of adenoid cystic (basal cell) carcinoma of the prostate, reserving targeted therapy or immunotherapy for select cases based upon molecular profiles.
Tetrahydrocurcumin Add‐On therapy to losartan in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy decreases blood pressure and markers of kidney injury
Authors: Khazaeli Mahyar , Nunes Ane C. F. , Zhao Yitong , Khazaali Mahziar , Prudente John , Vaziri Nosratola D. , Singh Bhupinder , Lau Wei Ling 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a principal metabolite of curcumin, was tested in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. THC was administered via daily oral gavage with the lipid carrier polyenylphosphatidylcholine (PPC) as add‐on therapy to losartan (angiotensin receptor blocker) to examine effects on kidney oxidative stress and fibrosis. A combination of unilateral nephrectomy, high‐fat diet and low‐dose streptozotocin was used to induce diabetic nephropathy in male Sprague–Dawley rats. Animals with fasting blood glucose >200 mg/dL were randomized to PPC, losartan, THC + PPC or THC + PPC + losartan. Untreated chronic kidney disease (CKD) animals had proteinuria, decreased creatinine clearance, and evidence of kidney fibrosis on histology. THC + PPC + losartan treatment significantly lowered blood pressure concurrent with increased messenger RNA levels of antioxidant copper‐zinc‐superoxide dismutase and decreased protein kinase C‐α, kidney injury molecule‐1 and type I collagen in the kidneys; there was decreased albuminuria and a trend for increased creatinine clearance compared to untreated CKD rats. There was decreased fibrosis on kidney histology in PPC‐only and THC‐treated CKD rats. Plasma levels of kidney injury molecule‐1 were decreased in THC + PPC + losartan animals. In summary, add‐on THC to losartan therapy improved antioxidant levels and decreased fibrosis in the kidneys, and lowered blood pressure in diabetic CKD rats.
Failure analysis of floating offshore wind turbines considering working condition correlations
Authors: Sun Yu , Yang Xu , Hu Shihong , Sun Liping , Kang Jichuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel failure analysis method named D‐vine copula Bayesian Network is proposed, aimed to extract fault correlation information from various condition monitoring channels of floating offshore wind turbine components, quantify risk probability and consequence, and obtain risk priority of components considering condition correlation. First, a copula Bayesian model is established based on the Bayesian network and D‐vine copula theory. Then, a risk consequence calculation method considering relative loss is developed. Finally, critical failure items are identified by a risk matrix. The proposed technique is expected to: (i) Release the limitation that parent nodes with condition monitoring input are processed as independent in Bayesian analysis. (ii) Provide an alternative way for presenting relationships between nodes instead of conditional probability tables. (iii) Simplify the calculation of high‐dimensional copula. This study screened out high‐risk level components of floating offshore wind turbines, and operation recommendations avoiding potential failure risk are put forward. The comparative results demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of the proposed method.
Studies of molecular dissociation by means of restricted and unrestricted treatments within the doubly occupied configuration interaction framework
Authors: Garcia Javier , Oña Ofelia B. , Torre Alicia , Lain Luis , Alcoba Diego R. , Massaccesi Gustavo E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work studies the performance of doubly occupied configuration interaction treatments based on the determination of wave functions and on the direct variational evaluation of two‐electron reduced density matrices in both, restricted and unrestricted approaches. We describe potential energy curves and spin contamination curves predicted by these methods for ‐electron molecular systems in their electronic ground states, at internuclear distances lying in intervals from near equilibrium geometries to dissociation limits. The corresponding numerical determinations in terms of energies, expectation values of the ‐electron spin‐squared operator, local spins, and electronic populations of the dissociation products are compared with those provided by the full configuration interaction procedure. An analysis of these results allows us to assess the abilities of the restricted and unrestricted methodologies and to illuminate the advantages and shortcomings of each of these treatments.
Proton absorption and penetration behaviors in Pt‐supported graphene
Authors: Xiang Xin , Ba Jingwen , Liu Lang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe proton (H+) conductivity is very crucial for graphene applications in the field of proton membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), and the absorption and penetration of H+ are fundamental steps for the H+ conduction. In order to improve the H+ conductivity in graphene, loading catalytically active metals such as Pt on the graphene surface is an effective method. First‐principles calculations were thus employed to investigate the absorption and penetration behaviors of H+ on Pt‐supported graphene, and the doping effect of substitutional elements such as B, N, and S were also involved. It is found that the absorption and penetration behaviors of H+ on Pt‐supported graphene depend strongly on the loaded Pt atoms and doped elements. From the viewpoint of absorption energy, N is favorable for the H+ absorption in Pt‐supported graphene, while B and S are unfavorable. From the perspective of penetration barrier, B‐doping is beneficial for the penetration of H+ in Pt‐supported graphene, while N‐ and S‐doping are unbeneficial. On the other hand, Pt loading has a positive effect on the H+ absorption on pristine, B‐ and N‐doped graphene, while has a negative effect on S‐doped graphene. Meanwhile, Pt loading has a positive effect on the penetration of H+ in pristine, B‐, N‐ and S‐doped graphene. The absorption and penetration behaviors of H+ in Pt‐supported graphene are closely dependent on electronic properties, and will be influenced by the introduction of impurity elements.