bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new code‐based digital signature based on the McEliece cryptosystem
Authors: Haidary Makoui Farshid , Gulliver Thomas Aaron , Dakhilalian Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDigital signature schemes are used for the authentication and verification of signatures. The Courtois–Finiasz–Sendrier (CFS) digital signature is a well‐known code‐based digital signature scheme based on the Niederreiter cryptosystem. However, it is not widely used due to the computation time of the signing algorithm. Most code‐based digital signature schemes are based on the Niederreiter cryptosystem. This paper proposes a new code‐based digital signature that is based on the McEliece cryptosystem. Key generation, signing, and verification algorithms are presented. The key generation algorithm constructs a public key using random inverse matrices. The signing algorithm has lower complexity and requires less computation time than the CFS scheme to sign a document. The verification algorithm is able to detect forgeries. It is shown that the proposed scheme is secure against public key structural attacks.
Harmonic suppression and fault ride‐through method of diode‐rectifier‐based hybrid high‐voltage direct current system for offshore wind farms integration
Authors: Fang Zixi , Yang Renxin , Cai Xu , Wei Xinchi , Zha Kunpeng , Yu Haotian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe diode‐rectifier (DR)‐based high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission is regarded as a low‐cost alternative to the HVDC transmission for offshore wind farms (OWFs) integration. However, the DR would generate harmonic voltages in the offshore grid, which greatly affects the power quality. To solve this problem, this paper utilizes a parallel‐connected small‐capacity auxiliary converter to suppress the harmonic voltages and provide black‐start energy for the OWFs. In addition, the submodule branches (SMBs) of the auxiliary converter can be used as part of the HVDC chopper. On this basis, a coordinated grid fault ride‐through (FRT) strategy is proposed in this paper. After a grid fault occurs, the HVDC chopper constructed by the auxiliary converter is able to constrain the DC‐link voltage. At the same time, the OWFs are controlled to reduce the output active power. As a result, the cost of the FRT can be significantly reduced. The proposed harmonic voltage suppression and the FRT method are verified through the simulation model in Simulink.
Detection of a high-velocity sodium feature on the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121 b
Authors: Seidel J. V. , Borsa F. , Pino L. , Ehrenreich D. , Stangret M. , Zapatero Osorio M. R. , Palle E. , Alibert Y. , Allart R. , Bourrier V. , Di Marcantonio P. , Figueira P. , González Hernández J. I. , Lillo-Box J. , Lovis C. , Martins C. J. A. P. , Mehner A. , Molaro P. , Nunes N. J. , Pepe F. , Santos N. C. , Sozzetti A. 
Published: April 2023

Context. Ultra-hot Jupiters, with their high equilibrium temperatures and resolved spectral lines, have emerged as a perfect testbed for new analysis techniques in the study of exoplanet atmospheres. In particular, the resolved sodium doublet as a resonant line has proven a powerful indicator to probe the atmospheric structure over a wide pressure range.
Aims. We aim to explore an atmospheric origin of the observed blueshifted feature next to the sodium doublet of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121 b using a partial transit obtained with the 4-UT mode of ESPRESSO. We intend to study its atmospheric dynamics visible across the terminator by splitting the data into mid-transit and egress.
Methods. We explored the impact of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect on the line shape of the sodium doublet. The partial transit is separated into one dataset centred around mid-transit and one dataset comprising the second part of the transit and egress. Lastly, the atmospheric retrieval code, Multinested Eta Retrieval Code (MERC), was applied to both datasets in order to study the imprint of atmospheric dynamics on the line shape of the sodium doublet.
Results. We determine that the blueshifted high-velocity absorption component is generated only during the egress part of the transit when a larger fraction of the day side of the planet is visible. For the egress data, MERC retrieves the blueshifted high-velocity absorption component as an equatorial day-to-night side wind across the evening limb, with no zonal winds visible on the morning terminator with weak evidence compared to a model with only vertical winds. For the mid-transit data, the observed line broadening is attributed to a vertical, radial wind.
Conclusions. We attribute the equatorial day-to-night-side wind over the evening terminator to a localised jet and restrain its existence between the substellar point and up to 10° to the terminator in longitude, an opening angle of the jet of at most 60° in latitude, and a lower boundary in altitude between [1.08, 1.15] Rp. As a hypothesis, we propose that the jet is produced by the excitation of standing planetary scale Rossby waves by stellar irradiation and subsequently broken by Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities. Due to the partial nature of the transit, we cannot make any statements on whether the jet is truly super-rotational and one-sided or part of a symmetric day-to-night-side atmospheric wind from the hotspot.
Die Frenzelbrille
Authors: Pudszuhn Annett , John Peggy , Schönfeld Uwe , Münst Julia , Scherer Hans 
Published: April 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEine Untersuchung mit der Frenzelbrille steht am Anfang jeder Untersuchung bei Patienten mit Schwindelbeschwerden und ist wichtig bei gutachterlichen Untersuchungen. Der Entwickler der Brille, Herrmann Frenzel, hat bereits darauf hingewiesen, dass sie nur im stark abgedunkelten Raum oder besser bei totaler Dunkelheit verwendet werden sollte, denn in heller Umgebung ist für den Patienten eine Fixation möglich. Im klinischen Alltag ist diese idealisierte Untersuchungsumgebung jedoch sehr selten gegeben.Wir haben untersucht, wie groß der Fehler bei der Untersuchung im Hellen im Vergleich zu einer Untersuchung unter optimalen Bedingungen ist. Dazu erzeugten wir einen Nystagmus durch Pendelstuhlreizung mit unterschiedlichen Beschleunigungen. Dieser wurde elektronystagmografisch aufgezeichnet, mit einer an die Frenzelbrille angekoppelten Videokamera wurde untersucht, bei welchem Beschleunigungsreiz ein Nystagmus mit der Frenzelbrille in heller Umgebung oder in kompletter Dunkelheit detektiert wird. Im Durchschnitt von 10 untersuchten gesunden Personen wird ein Nystagmus im ENG bei einer Beschleunigung vom 1,13°/s2 entdeckt, mit der Frenzelbrille in Dunkelheit erst beim mehr als 3-fachen Wert von 3,8°/s2, im Hellen benötigt man eine nahezu 8-fache (7,95°/s2) Beschleunigung, um den Nystagmus zu erkennen. Eine Person musste mit 15,7°/s2 beschleunigt werden, um im Hellen einen Nystagmus festzustellen. Dieses Ergebnis zeigt, dass bei fehlenden Dunkelräumen eine Frenzelbrille nicht geeignet ist, als diagnostisches Mittel zu dienen. Hier muss zukünftig auf eine Videonystagmusbrille, am besten mit Bluetooth-Technik zur Befunddokumentation ausgewichen werden.
Nebenwirkungen von Kosmetika: Wie Dermatologen Patienten unterstützen können, ihre Rechte wahrzunehmen
Authors: Elsner Peter Ulrich 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungKosmetische Mittel sind nach Art. 2 der EU-Kosmetik-Verordnung „Stoffe oder Gemische, die dazu bestimmt sind, äußerlich am Körper des Menschen oder in seiner Mundhöhle angewendet zu werden mit dem Zweck, Haut, Haare, Nägel, Lippen, die äußeren Intimregionen oder die Zähne und die Mundschleimhäute zu reinigen, zu schützen, in gutem Zustand zu erhalten, zu parfümieren, deren Aussehen zu verändern oder den Körpergeruch zu beeinflussen“. Sie dürfen die menschliche Gesundheit nicht schädigen, wenn sie unter „normalen oder vernünftigerweise vorhersehbaren Bedingungen“ angewandt werden.Gleichwohl kommt es zu unerwünschten Wirkungen von Kosmetika, wobei irritative und allergische Kontaktekzeme am häufigsten auftreten. Bevölkerungsbasierte Daten zur Inzidenz unerwünschter Kosmetikwirkungen sind allerdings nicht verfügbar. Eine Pflicht für Kosmetikhersteller zur aktiven Information der Öffentlichkeit über Nebenwirkungsmeldungen existiert nicht.Patienten, die unerwünschte Wirkungen von Kosmetika erleiden, können gegen den Hersteller oder Händler Ansprüche auf Schadensersatz und/oder Schmerzensgeld nach dem Produkthaftungsgesetz geltend machen. Dermatologen sollten sie dabei durch eine gute Beweissicherung, insbesondere in Form einer dermatologischen Befunddokumentation und ggf. einer allergologischen Testung verdächtiger Produkte unterstützen.Schwere unerwünschte Wirkungen von Kosmetika sollten unabhängig davon, dass keine Meldepflicht besteht, an die Kosmetik-Überwachungsbehörden gemeldet werden, um die Sicherheit kosmetischer Produkte zu verbessern.
Indole Alkaloids of Rauvolfia ligustrina and Their Anxiolytic Effects in Adult Zebrafish
Authors: de Sousa Herbert Magalhães , da Silva Alison Batista , Ferreira Maria Kueirislene Amâncio , da Silva Antonio Wlisses , de Menezes Jane Eire Silva Alencar , Marinho Emmanuel Silva , Marinho Márcia Machado , dos Santos Helcio Silva , Pessoa Otilia Deusdênia Loiola 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRauvolfia species are well known as producers of bioactive monoterpene indole alkaloids, which exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. A new vobasine-sarpagan-type bisindole alkaloid (1) along with six known monomeric indoles (2, 3/4, 5, and 6/7) were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of Rauvolfia ligustrina. The structure of the new compound was elucidated by interpretation of their spectroscopic data (1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS) and comparison with published data for analog compounds. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was screened in a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. The possible GABAergic (diazepam as the positive control) and serotoninergic (fluoxetine as the positive control) mechanisms of action in adult zebrafish were also evaluated. No compounds were cytotoxic. Compound 2 and the epimers 3/4 and 6/7 showed a mechanism action by GABAA, while compound 1 showed a mechanism action by a serotonin receptor (anxiolytic activity). Molecular docking studies showed that compounds 2 and 5 have a greater affinity by the GABAA receptor when compared with diazepam, whereas 1 showed the best affinity for the 5HT2AR channel when compared to risperidone.
Results after Tricuspid Valve Surgery for Preserved and Dysfunctional Right Ventricle
Authors: Park Eun-Ah , Hwang Ho Young , Choi Jae Woong , Kim Ji Seong , Kang Yoonjin , Sohn Suk Ho , Kim Kyung Hwan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background This study aimed to compare long-term outcomes after tricuspid valve (TV) repair (TVr) with those after TV replacement (TVR) by adjusting the right ventricular (RV) volume and function.
Methods We enrolled 147 patients who underwent TVr (n = 78) and TVR (n = 69) for grade 3 or 4 tricuspid regurgitation and had preoperative cardiac magnetic resonance data. Long-term clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups using inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) to adjust for differences in preoperative characteristics between the two groups. Subgroup analyses were performed in patients with preserved and dysfunctional RV (ejection fraction < 50%).
Results There were no significant differences in operative mortality or postoperative complications between the two groups before and after the IPTW adjustment. Five- and 10-year overall survival rates were 84.2 and 67.1%, respectively. Five- and 10-year cumulative incidences of TV-related events (TVREs) were 33.1 and 55.6%, respectively. There were no significant differences in overall survival and cumulative incidence of TVREs after IPTW adjustment (p = 0.236 and p = 0.989, respectively). The risk-adjusted overall survival was marginally higher in the TVr group of patients with preserved RV function (p = 0.054), while no such significant difference was found between the two groups of patients with dysfunctional RV (p = 0.513).
Conclusion Adjusted long-term clinical outcomes after TVr and TVR were comparable. TVr might be beneficial for patients with preserved RV function in terms of long-term survival; however, this benefit might disappear in patients with RV dysfunction.
Cross-Coupling Reactions between Alkenes by C–H Cyclometalation
Authors: Xie Kailin , Zhang Jian , Lu Xi , Wang Yini 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlkenes are one of the most abundant raw feedstocks and are utilized to construct complex chemicals, whilst cross-coupling reactions using alkenes represents a powerful method toward valuable chemicals. In the past decade, cross-coupling reactions of simple alkenes by chelation-assisted alkenyl C–H functionalization has attracted significant attention due to its atom/step efficiency and excellent Z/E selectivity, proceeding by C–H exo-cyclometalation and endo-cyclometalation. In this account, we summarize transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions between alkenes to generate 1,3-dienes via C–H alkenylation,1,4-dienes through C–H allylation, multisubstituted alkenes via hydroalkenylation, and heterocycles by way of tandem alkenyl C–H functionalization/annulation. Asymmetric alkenyl C–H alkenylation to prepare axially chiral aryl 1,3-dienes is also discussed.1	Introduction2	Alkenyl C–H Alkenylation2.1	By endo-Cyclometalation2.2	By exo-Cyclometalation3	Alkenyl C–H Allylation3.1	By endo-Cyclometalation3.2	By exo-Cyclometalation4	Alkenyl C–H Alkylation via Hydroalkenylation5	Cascade Reactions6	Conclusion
A Simple and Modular Access to 4-Mercapto-4-methylpentanoic Acid: A Useful Building Block in Antibody-Drug Conjugates Research
Authors: Serpier Fabien , Petit Laurent , Salamone Logan , Lepeintre Martin , Revil-Baudard Vincent L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of 4-mercapto-4-methylpentanoic acid, a fragment notably found in Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs), is reported using an intermolecular radical transfer reaction as the pivotal step. The reported approach displays several advantages over more traditional routes and is compatible with the chemistry involved in the construction of ADCs. Original analogues of the molecule of interest can be readily accessed using the method developed.
Quantifying 30 Years of Technological Innovation in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Kunze Kyle N. , Rullán Pedro J. , Potluri Ajay , Molloy Robert M. , Krebs Viktor E. , Piuzzi Nicolas S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTechnological innovation in total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a critical component of health care delivery for improving patient outcomes. Analyzing the content of patents and trends in their activity over time can leverage insight into innovations in THA; however, these investigations remain underutilized. We aimed to quantify patent activity and relative growth pertaining to technologies in THA over a 30-year period. A query for patents relating to “hip replacement” or “hip arthroplasty” between 1989 and 2019 using an open-source patent database yielded 24,071 unique patents for analysis. These were grouped into 12 independent technology clusters using Cooperative Patent Classification codes. Annual patent activity for each cluster was normalized with a validated formula to control for exponential growth. The 5-, 10-, and 30-year compound annual growth rates (CAGR) for each cluster were quantified and compared between clusters. Annual cumulative patent activity increased from 151 patents in 1989 to 1,182 patents in 2019, representing a 682.8% increase. The largest technology clusters concerned “drugs” (n = 6,429 patents), “instruments” (n = 4,014 patents), “materials” (n = 2,037 patents), and “components” (n = 1,946 patents). One-half of the identified clusters concerned developments in technology-assisted THA (patient-specific instrumentation, navigation, robotics, design/manufacturing, instruments, and computer modeling). The most rapidly growing technology within the past 5, 10, and 30 years was robotics (CAGR = 15.82%, 20.11%, and 9.50%, respectively). Within the past 5- and 10-year trial prostheses (CAGR = 10.76%) and design/manufacturing processes (CAGR = 10.27%), computer modeling (CAGR = 12.91%) and navigation (CAGR = 11.25%) were among the most rapidly growing clusters, respectively. The majority of patents pertaining to THA over the past 30 years have concerned developments in drugs, instruments, materials, and components. Within the past 10-years, substantial growth has been observed in patent domains related to technology-assisted THA. Monitoring of emerging technologies through patent metrics may provide valuable information for regulatory bodies and assess progress in the field of THA. This is a cross-sectional study with level of evidence IV.
Tctp, a unique Ing5-binding partner, inhibits the chromatin binding of Enok in
Drosophila
Authors: Kim Lee-Hyang , Kim Ja-Young , Xu Yu-Ying , Lim Mi Ae , Koo Bon Seok , Kim Jung Hae , Yoon Sung-Eun , Kim Young-Joon , Choi Kwang-Wook , Chang Jae Won , Hong Sung-Tae 
Published: April 2023

The MOZ/MORF histone acetyltransferase complex is highly conserved in eukaryotes and controls transcription, development, and tumorigenesis. However, little is known about how its chromatin localization is regulated. Inhibitor of growth 5 (ING5) tumor suppressor is a subunit of the MOZ/MORF complex. Nevertheless, the in vivo function of ING5 remains unclear. Here, we report an antagonistic interaction between
Drosophila
Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) (Tctp) and ING5 (Ing5) required for chromatin localization of the MOZ/MORF (Enok) complex and H3K23 acetylation. Yeast two-hybrid screening using Tctp identified Ing5 as a unique binding partner. In vivo, Ing5 controlled differentiation and down-regulated epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, whereas it is required in the Yorkie (Yki) pathway to determine organ size.
Ing5
and
Enok
mutants promoted tumor-like tissue overgrowth when combined with uncontrolled Yki activity. Tctp depletion rescued the abnormal phenotypes of the
Ing5
mutation and increased the nuclear translocation of Ing5 and chromatin binding of Enok. Nonfunctional Enok promoted the nuclear translocation of Ing5 by reducing Tctp, indicating a feedback mechanism between Tctp, Ing5, and Enok to regulate histone acetylation. Therefore, Tctp is essential for H3K23 acetylation by controlling the nuclear translocation of Ing5 and chromatin localization of Enok, providing insights into the roles of human TCTP and ING5-MOZ/MORF in tumorigenesis.
“I hope this is your last sorrow”
Authors: Sheikhan Amir 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The objective of the present study is to examine condolence strategies and the sociocultural norms underlying the realisation of the speech act of condolence in Persian. To achieve this, a three-layered data collection methodology including two focus group interviews (FGIs), field notes, and a discourse completion task (DCT) were used. FGIs and field notes were utilised to shed light on the cultural norms as well as any variables affecting the expressions of condolence. The DCT, on the other hand, was administered to explicate the form and frequency of condolence strategies in Persian. Results indicate that, influenced by six sociocultural variables, 20 distinct condolence strategies are used in Persian. Furthermore, findings show that, while these strategies are used with varying degrees of frequency in different situations, when expressing condolence, Persian speakers place high importance on empathising with the bereaved interlocutor.
Superimposition of topological charges between vortex beams and singular points of photonic crystal slabs
Authors: Gao Wenya , Liu Ziyi , Li Xiangning , Wang Xu , Hu Guanqu , Ye Weimin , Guan Chunying , Liu Jianlong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The bound state in the continuum (BIC) is a singular point of polarization in the momentum space of a periodic structure. It has been demonstrated that vortex beams can be generated by utilizing the polarization vortex around BIC based on the geometric phase in momentum space. In this letter, we propose a reflective photonic crystal (PhC) to generate a vortex beam and demonstrate the superimposition of topological charges in the momentum space between PhC and the vortex beams. In addition to BICs, we demonstrate that other singularities like degenerate points can also be used to generate vortex beams.
Dynamic characteristics and crack evolution laws of coal and rock under split Hopkinson pressure bar impact loading
Authors: Sun Xiaoyuan , Jin Tingxu , Li Jihui , Xie Jianlin , Li Chuantian , Li Xiaoxia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The dynamic mechanical properties and crack evolution characteristics of coal and rock during split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) impact failure are important contents for analysis. In previous studies, the coal and rock specimens used have usually been independent and not closely correlated. In addition, quantitative characterization and analysis methods for coal and rock cracks are immature, and more information has not been fully revealed. The aims of this paper are to comprehensively explore both the dynamic mechanical properties and crack evolution characteristics of coal and rock during impact failure. First, experimental specimens are prepared from coal seam, direct roof rock strata and direct floor rock strata in the same area to highlight the correlations between test pieces. Second, a dynamic strain gauge and high-speed (HS) camera are adopted to reflect the stress wave signal and crack evolution. Then, based on digital image correlation (DIC) technology and the mass screening method, the evolution laws of surface cracks during crushing and the distribution characteristics of sample fragments after crushing are studied from the perspective of fractal, and finally compared with those of the simulation analysis. The results are as follows. (1) The coal and rock samples from the same area have both consistency and differences. The dynamic mechanical properties of coal and rock are affected by the impact velocity and the physical properties of the specimen. Higher impact speeds and densities lead to the more obvious brittleness of the specimen when destroyed. Conversely, the sample shows more plasticity and ductile yield. (2) The self-similarity is significantly manifested in the evolution of surface cracks during impact and the distribution characteristics of fragments after impact. The box dimension and quality screening dimension are applicable to quantitatively characterize the evolution process and results of coal and rock fractures. (3) The simulation results based on the Holmquist–Johnson–Cook (HJC) and Riedel–Hiermaier–Thoma (RHT) constitutive models agree well with the experimental results, and the RHT constitutive model is more consistent. This study may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamic characteristics and crack evolution laws of coal and rock under impact loading and provide references for further research and discussion.
Friction properties of black phosphorus: a first-principles study
Authors: Wang Changqing , He Qing , Guo Peng , Qi Haoqiang , Su Jianfeng , Chen Weiguang , Tang Chunjuan , Jia Yu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Based on the first-principle, the friction anisotropy, structural super-lubricity and oxidation induced ultra-low friction of black phosphorus at atomic scale under different loads have been studied. The results show that the interface friction of black phosphorus is anisotropic, that is, the friction along the armchair direction is greater than that along the zigzag direction. Moreover, the friction between the black phosphorus interfaces shows a structural superlubricity property, and the incommensurate interface friction is approximately one thousandth of the commensurate interface friction, which is mainly due to the less electronic charge and the smaller amplitude of electronic charge change between the incommensurate interfaces during the friction process. In addition, the oxidation of black phosphorus is beneficial for lubrication between interfaces.