bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The safety and efficacy of remimazolam tosylate combined with propofol in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: A multicenter, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Wei Ai , Ma Shijin , Dou Yuzhe , Wang Xiaojun , Wu Jianxiong , Zhou Shuzhi , Deng Yanfang , Liu Xinquan , Li Dongming , Yang Mengchang 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Hypotension is the most common adverse event under propofol-mediated sedation and is possible to cause varying degrees of damage to patients. Whereas remimazolam has a poorer sedative effect than propofol.

Aim
The aim of this study was to explore the advantages of the combination of remimazolam tosylate and propofol.

Methods
304 patients were divided into the remimazolam tosylate group (RT group), the propofol group (P group), and the remimazolam tosylate plus propofol group(R+T group). The primary outcome was the incidence of hypotension. Secondary outcomes included the results of sedation and recovery. The safety results mainly include the incidence of Hypotension, adverse respiratory events, postoperative nausea and vomiting, hiccup, cough, body movement and bradycardia.

Results
The incidence of hypotension was 56.7% in the P group, 12.6% in the RT group, and 31.3% in the R+P group, three groups of pairwise comparisons showed statistical differences, with P< 0.001. The incidence of body movement was significantly higher in the RT group (26.1%) than in the P group (10.3%) and the R+P group (12.5%), P = 0.004. The endoscopist satisfaction was higher in the P (3.87±0.44) and R+P (3.95±0.22)groups than in the RT(3.53±0.84) group. The incidence of adverse events, in descending order, was P group, RT group, and R+P group (93.8%vs.61.3%vs.42.7%).

Conclusion
Co-administration had fewer adverse events than propofol monotherapy, also had a better sedative effect and higher endoscopist satisfaction than remimazolam monotherapy.

Trial registration
Clinical trial registration number: NCT05429086.
Mass spectrometry in snake venom research
Authors: Leonardi Adrijana 
Published: August 2023

Mass spectrometry allows rapid and reliable identification and characterisation of proteins and peptides in snake venoms. With the increasing availability of transcriptomic and genomic data, there is a growing database of protein sequences that is essential for protein identification. Snake venoms are analysed using a multi-dimensional proteomic approach known as ‚venomics‘. Proteins are first separated by one- or two-dimensional gel electrophoresis or reversed-phase liquid chromatography. The individual protein spots or fractions are digested enzymatically and the resulting peptides are analysed by mass spectrometry. The proteins are identified by comparing the mass spectra of the peptides with those in the database. High-performance mass spectrometers allow the analysis of venoms even without prior separation of the protein mixture. We have analysed the protein composition (proteome) of two European snake venoms of greatest medical interest, the nose-horned viper (Vipera a. ammodytes) and the common adder (Vipera b. berus). The nose-horned viper is the most venomous European snake. Although its bite is rarely fatal, a human wictim often needs to be observed in hospital and treated with an antivenom. The adder is the most widespread European venomous snake and its bite causes milder symptoms than the bite of the nose-horned viper in most cases. To explain the observed differences in the effects of the two venoms at the molecular level, a proteomic study was performed. We also analysed the proteome of the venom of the meadow viper (Vipera ursinii), the most threatened snake species in Europe. It does not pose a threat to humans. In the wild, it feeds mainly on insects, while in captivity it is fed on mice. A comparison of the proteome of the venom of snakes in the wild and snakes in captivity showed clear differences. Thus, the composition of snake venom is diet-dependent. Mass spectrometry is also a very useful tool in the characterisation of antivenoms (antivenomics) to determine their specificity and neutralising power.
Association of postprandial postexercise muscle protein synthesis rates with dietary leucine: A systematic review
Authors: Wilkinson Kiera , Koscien Christopher P. , Monteyne Alistair J. , Wall Benjamin T. , Stephens Francis B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundDietary protein ingestion augments post (resistance) exercise muscle protein synthesis (MPS) rates. It is thought that the dose of leucine ingested within the protein (leucine threshold hypothesis) and the subsequent plasma leucine variables (leucine trigger hypothesis; peak magnitude, rate of rise, and total availability) determine the magnitude of the postprandial postexercise MPS response.MethodsA quantitative systematic review was performed extracting data from studies that recruited healthy adults, applied a bout of resistance exercise, ingested a bolus of protein within an hour of exercise, and measured plasma leucine concentrations and MPS rates (delta change from basal).ResultsIngested leucine dose was associated with the magnitude of the MPS response in older, but not younger, adults over acute (0–2 h, r2 = 0.64, p = 0.02) and the entire postprandial (>2 h, r2 = 0.18, p = 0.01) period. However, no single plasma leucine variable possessed substantial predictive capacity over the magnitude of MPS rates in younger or older adults.ConclusionOur data provide support that leucine dose provides predictive capacity over postprandial postexercise MPS responses in older adults. However, no threshold in older adults and no plasma leucine variable was correlated with the magnitude of the postexercise anabolic response.
Rodent abundance, diversity and community structure in a bubonic plague endemic area, northern Tanzania
Authors: Kessy Stella T. , Makundi Rhodes H. , Sabuni Christopher , Massawe Apia W. , Rija Alfan A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rodent-borne diseases such as bubonic plague remain a significant threat to public health in tropical countries. In plague-endemic areas, little information exists on the factors triggering periodic bursts, thus rendering preparedness strategies for preventing the negative impacts of the deadly zoonosis difficult. In this study, we assessed how species richness, diversity, and community structure of rodents are associated with plague persistence in Mbulu District, Tanzania. Rodent data were collected using the removal trapping technique. We captured 610 rodents belonging to 12 species, with Mastomys natalensis recording highest abundance. There was significantly higher abundance and species richness in persistent than non-persistent plague locality. Also, house premises recorded significantly lower species richness than farm and forest habitats. Additionally, we found three broad rodent community structures that varied significantly between studied habitat types suggesting high rodent populations interaction at fine-scale resource abundance. The high abundance and diversity of plague-susceptible rodent reservoirs suggestively contribute to the plague persistence in the foci. These results may be useful to developing preparedness strategies in these areas to control plague outbreaks.
The Deranged Bell Numbers
Authors: Belbachir Hacène , Djemmada Yahia , Németh László 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Based on the combinatorial interpretation of the ordered Bell numbers, which count all the ordered partitions of the set [n] = {1, 2, … n}, this paper introduces the deranged partition as a free-fixed-block permutation of its blocks, then defines the deranged Bell numbers that count the total number of the deranged partitions of [n].
At first, we study the classical properties of these numbers (generating function, explicit formula, convolutions, etc.), we then present an asymptotic behavior of the deranged Bell numbers. Finally, we briefly review some results regarding the r-extension of these numbers by considering that the r first elements must be in distinct blocks.
Shifted Power of a Polynomial with Integral Roots
Authors: Dubickas Artūras 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
In this note, for any integers m, n ≥ 2, we find a condition on a positive integer c under which there exists a monic polynomial

f
∈
ℤ
[
x
]

of degree n for which f(x)
m
– c has mn integral roots counting with multiplicities. This is the case if and only if m = 2 and c is a constant that comes from a solution of the Prouhet-Tarry-Escott problem of size n. For example, the smallest positive integer c for which there exists a monic degree 7 polynomial

f
∈
ℤ
[
x
]

such that f(x)2–c has 14 integral roots is c = 6620176679276160000.
Further Insights into the Mysteries of the Values of Zeta Functions at Integers
Authors: Mináč Ján , Nguyen Tung T. , Tân Nguyễn Duy 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTWe present a remarkably simple and surprisingly natural interpretation of the values of zeta functions at negative integers and zero. Namely, we are able to relate these values to areas related to partial sums of powers. We apply these results to further interpretations of values ofL-functions at negative integers. We hint in a very brief way at some expected connections of this work with other current efforts to understand the mysteries of the values of zeta functions at integers.
Hybrid bio-fiber/bio-ceramic composite materials: Mechanical performance, thermal stability, and morphological analysis
Authors: AL-Oqla Faris M. , Hayajneh Mohammed T. , Al-Shrida Mu’ayyad M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Hybrid composite materials are becoming more desirable for various industrial applications to enhance sustainability and develop better environmentally friendly green products. This work aims to enhance the synergy of both bio-ceramic eggshell materials and date palm leaflet (DPL) fillers to integrate their advantages in an optimized hybridization manner to enhance their significance in producing novel biomaterials with improved desired mechanical, thermal, and morphological characteristics. Different weight percentages of hybrid green reinforcement (poultry eggshells and DPLs) were utilized in various hybridization ratios (3:7, 5:5, 7:3), (15:5, 10:10, 5:15), and (20:10, 15:15, 10:20) to fabricate 10, 20, and 30 wt% novel biomaterials. The regularly chopped DPLs were immersed in various concentrations of sodium hydroxide at different soaking times to optimize and improve their bonding with the polypropylene (PP) matrix. The mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of the fabricated hybrid composites were investigated. The results have revealed that certain hybridization ratios could improve the tensile and flexural modulus by up to 26 and 11%, respectively. According to the thermogravimetric analysis and its derivatives, hybridization was also found to have an excellent influence on the thermal stability of the PP matrix. Regarding morphological micrographs utilizing scanning electron microscopy, DPLs exhibited good bonding, whereas eggshell fillers depicted different behaviors of bonding depending on their surface topologies. It was also found that hybridization with higher eggshells had better effects on flexural strength than date palms, regardless of their weight percentages. The 30 wt% hybridization case was found to be capable of improving the modulus of elasticity of composites to 838 MPa and the flexural modulus to 735 MPa, which are suitable for various structural applications and green products.
On the sources and authorities inPlanineby Petar Zoranić
Authors: Galić Kakkonen Gordana , Mihaljević Nikica 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThe rise of ecological awareness in recent decades corresponds to the emergence of the increasingly reputable and significant field of ecocritical studies, which has resulted in the publication of many valuable literary discussions devoted to the study of the relationship between humanity and the environment. In this context, a visible shift has been made towards the study of earlier periods in literature, so scholars prone to an ecocritical approach in recent years have been discovering great potential in the corpus of older literary texts. Renaissance literature, both European and Croatian, the latter following the literary trends of the time, combined with certain national characteristics conditioned by the socio-political situation of the time, proves to be very fruitful for this type of analysis. This article therefore addresses the Croatian Renaissance text of Petar Zoranić’sPlanineto analyze: 1. problems of source and originality, 2. the historical and allegorical potentials of the text, 3. nature as a place of consolation as well as a source of cognition, and for the acquisition of various types of knowledge that were sought after by the people of the Renaissance, 4. the relationships between different types and levels of authority (mythological, folk, ancient, religious, contemporary, esoteric). Also, the author's position is examined, since it changed significantly at that time, especially regarding the writer's anxiety in relation to the authorities, the task and position of literature itself, and the right/yearning for knowledge. All this makesPlaninean interesting early modern discourse, very amenable to an ecocritical analytical approach.
Investigation of process variable effects on palm kernelamidopropyl betaine production
Authors: Fatihah Amanda Nazwa Nur , Pratiwi Meiti , Istyami Astri Nur , Purwadi Ronny , Lestari Dianika 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Cocamidopropyl betaine is a coconut oil-based surfactant that is widely used in cosmetics and personal care products due to its milder and less irritating properties compared to conventional petroleum-based surfactants. Palm kernel oil can be used for the synthesis of betaine (palm kernel amidopropyl betaine), following the same route as for the synthesis with coconut oil via two reaction steps. However, there was little information on the optimal operating conditions for each process. The method for the production of betaine and its operating conditions were studied in order to obtain a compatible betaine product with better properties than those of the commercial product. The studied method and operating conditions allowed the production of low viscosity betaine with a higher surfactant content (31.55 wt%) than that of the commercial betaine products (25.10 wt%). In addition, other feedstocks such as coconut oil, split palm kernel oil and coconut oil-based fatty acid methyl ester were used in this study to produce betaine from low-cost production.
Skeletal Muscle Adaptations to High-Load Resistance Training With Pre-Exercise Blood Flow Restriction
Authors: Hammert William B. , Moreno Enrique N. , Martin Cole C. , Jessee Matthew B. , Buckner Samuel L. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Hammert, WB, Moreno, EN, Martin, CC, Jessee, MB, and Buckner, SL. Skeletal muscle adaptations to high-load resistance training with pre-exercise blood flow restriction. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—This study aimed to determine if blood flow restriction (BFR) could augment adaptations to a high-load training protocol that was inadequate for muscle growth. Forty nontrained individuals had each arm assigned to 1 of 3 elbow flexion protocols: (a) high-load resistance training [TRAD; 4 sets to muscular failure at 70% 1 repetition maximum (1RM)], (b) low repetition high-load resistance training with pre-exercise BFR (PreBFR; 4 sets of 3 repetitions at 70% 1RM + 3 min of pre-exercise BFR), and (c) low repetition high-load resistance training (LRTRAD); 4 sets of 3 repetitions at 70% 1RM). Muscle thickness (MT), 1RM strength, and local muscular endurance (LME) of the elbow flexors were measured before and after 8 weeks. An alpha level of 0.05 was used for all comparisons. For the 50% site, MT increased for TRAD (0.211 cm, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.143–0.280), PreBFR (0.105 cm, 95% CI: 0.034–0.175), and LRTRAD (0.073 cm, 95% CI: 0.000–0.146). The change for TRAD was greater than PreBFR and LRTRAD. For the 60% site, MT increased for TRAD (0.235 cm, 95% CI: 0.153–0.317), PreBFR (0.097 cm, 95% CI: 0.014–0.180), and LRTRAD (0.082 cm, 95% CI: 0.000–0.164). The change for TRAD was greater than PreBFR and LRTRAD. For the 70% site MT increased for TRAD (0.308 cm, 95% CI: 0.247–0.369), PreBFR (0.103 cm, 95% CI: 0.041–0.166), and LRTRAD (0.070 cm, 95% CI: 0.004–0.137). The change for TRAD was greater than PreBFR and LRTRAD. One repetition maximum and LME significantly increased for each condition, with no differences between conditions. Collapsed across conditions 1RM strength increased 2.094 kg (95% CI: 1.771–2.416) and LME increased 7.0 repetitions (95% CI: 5.7–8.3). In conclusion, the application of BFR to low-repetition, high-load training did not enhance the adaptative response.
Saturation Measurement Method in Geotechnical Modeling of Saturated Cohesionless Soil for Liquefaction Study
Authors: Wang Yide , Yuan Xiaoming , Zhao Zhixu , Wang Yunlong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Physical simulation tests of an engineering site are an important technical means of studying the mechanisms of earthquake disasters and evaluating engineering earthquake damage. Based on experience with element tests, the degree of saturation (Sr) of a specimen significantly affects the test results. In undrained triaxial tests, the method of evaluating and controlling the Sr using the B-value has been accepted by researchers. However, this method cannot be used directly in model experiments. At present, controlling the Sr in model tests is still dependent on experience, which is not conducive to the stability of model test results. Based on the Boyle-Mariotte theorem, which describes a gaseous state in physics, in this study, a method for measuring the Sr of cohesionless soil in model tests was developed, an error analysis was carried out, and related equipment was developed. The validity of the Sr measurement method was verified via repeated testing. The proposed measurement method was used to evaluate the saturation methods commonly used in model experiments. To compare the differences in the performances of the models constructed using different saturation methods, shaking table tests were carried out. The results show that although the saturation of the sample increases with time, there is an upper limit, and the value of the upper limit is related to the sample preparation method. In the model test, the difference in saturation also causes great interference with the results of the liquefaction test. The results of this study can provide a reference for the evaluation of saturation in laboratory soil model tests in the future.
Computer-Aided Special Stepping Jacquard Graphing for Weaving the Reversible Traditional Jamdani Fabrics Using Discontinuous Inter-turning Extra Weft
Authors: Panneerselvam R. G. , Prakash C. , Rashma M. , Rajpurohit Taruna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Traditional figured Jamdani muslin of West Bengal is woven by skilled weaver artisans using “Discontinuous Inter-Turning” (DIT) extra weft in the plain shed without using any figuring shedding device like jala/adai or jacquard. With their imagination, the weaver selects the number of ends according to the figure formation, inserts the weft, and turns it so that the weft does not form any floats in the weft-turning places. It is noted that for weaving Jamdani, when the jacquard is used with cards, punched from regular stepping figured graph of few motifs forms, it results in long floats at few weft turnings places. This research aims to develop a special stepping (SS) jacquard graphing technique using computer-aided graphing tools for weaving figured Jamdani fabric using jacquard without any floats in the weft-turning places similar to the manual selection. The study started by analyzing the interlacing diagram of the figure woven with the DIT method without forming any floats. The principle involved in the SS graphing is derived from the analysis. The procedures followed in jacquard graph editing software for preparing the SS graphing are evolved. The correctness of the graphing technique is checked by weaving the sample. It is determined that the SS graphing is advantageous for weaving figured Jamdani fabric with all the motif forms with the DIT method without forming any floats in the extra weft-turning places. Through this, it is possible to weave contemporary and fashionable loom-made reversible figured Jamdani garments like dupattas, scarf, shawls, and half sarees woven with subdued motifs in plain weave for the niche market, apart from weaving the traditional Jamdani sarees.
Predictive Mouse Ultrasonic Vocalization Sequences: Uncovering Behavioral Significance, Auditory Cortex Neuronal Preferences, and Social-Experience-Driven Plasticity
Authors: Agarwalla Swapna , De Amiyangshu , Bandyopadhyay Sharba 
Published: August 2023

Mouse ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) contain predictable sequential structures like bird songs and speech. Neural representation of USVs in the mouse primary auditory cortex (Au1) and its plasticity with experience has been largely studied with single-syllables or dyads, without using the predictability in USV sequences. Studies using playback of USV sequences have used randomly selected sequences from numerous possibilities. The current study uses mutual information to obtain context-specific natural sequences (NSeqs) of USV syllables capturing the observed predictability in male USVs in different contexts of social interaction with females. Behavioral and physiological significance of NSeqs over random sequences (RSeqs) lacking predictability were examined. Female mice, never having the social experience of being exposed to males, showed higher selectivity for NSeqs behaviorally and at cellular levels probed by expression of immediate early gene c-fosin Au1. The Au1 supragranular single units also showed higher selectivity to NSeqs over RSeqs. Social-experience-driven plasticity in encoding NSeqs and RSeqs in adult females was probed by examining neural selectivities to the same sequences before and after the above social experience. Single units showed enhanced selectivity for NSeqs over RSeqs after the social experience. Further, using two-photon Ca2+imaging, we observed social experience-dependent changes in the selectivity of sequences of excitatory and somatostatin-positive inhibitory neurons but not parvalbumin-positive inhibitory neurons of Au1. Using optogenetics, somatostatin-positive neurons were identified as a possible mediator of the observed social-experience-driven plasticity. Our study uncovers the importance of predictive sequences and introduces mouse USVs as a promising model to study context-dependent speech like communications.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHumans need to detect patterns in the sensory world. For instance, speech is meaningful sequences of acoustic tokens easily differentiated from random ordered tokens. The structure derives from the predictability of the tokens. Similarly, mouse vocalization sequences have predictability and undergo context-dependent modulation. Our work investigated whether mice differentiate such informative predictable sequences (NSeqs) of communicative significance from RSeqs at the behavioral, molecular, and neuronal levels. Following a social experience in which NSeqs occur as a crucial component, mouse auditory cortical neurons become more sensitive to differences between NSeqs and RSeqs, although preference for individual tokens is unchanged. Thus, speech-like communication and its dysfunction may be studied in circuit, cellular, and molecular levels in mice.