bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BabyBreathe trial: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of a complex intervention to prevent postpartum return to smoking
Authors: Notley Caitlin , Brown Tracey J , Bauld Linda , Clark Allan B , Duneclift Sharon , Gilroy Vicky , Harris Tess , Hardeman Wendy , Holland Richard , Howard Gregory , Man Mei-See , Naughton Felix , Smith Dan , Turner David , Ussher Michael 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionMany people quit smoking during pregnancy, but postpartum smoking relapse is common. Maintaining smoking abstinence achieved during pregnancy is key to improving maternal and child health. There are no evidence-based interventions for preventing postpartum smoking relapse. This trial aims to determine whether an intervention to prevent postpartum relapse is effective and cost-effective.Methods and analysisA randomised controlled trial of a complex intervention to prevent postpartum smoking relapse (BabyBreathe), with internal pilot, economic and process evaluations. Participants are adults who are pregnant and who report having quit smoking in the 12 months before, or during pregnancy. Participants are eligible if they read and understand English, and provide informed consent. Following consent and biochemical validation of smoking abstinence, participants are randomised to intervention or usual care/control (no specific relapse prevention support). The BabyBreathe intervention consists of manualised advice from a trained member of the health visiting service, health information leaflets for participants and partners, access to the BabyBreathe website and app. At the time of birth, participants are posted the BabyBreathe box and support is provided by text message for up to 12 months postpartum. Target sample size is 880, recruiting across midwifery services at four hubs in England and Scotland and through remote advertising in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Outcomes are collected at 6 and 12 months. The primary outcome is self-reported sustained smoking abstinence at 12 months, carbon monoxide verified. Secondary outcomes include self-reported abstinence, time to relapse, partner smoking status and quality of life.Ethics and disseminationThe trial was approved by the North West Preston Research Ethics committee (21/NW/0017). Dissemination will include publication in peer-reviewed journals, presentation at academic and public conferences including patient and public involvement and to policymakers and practitioners.Trial registration numberISRCTN70307341
Financial burden of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions in football (soccer) players: an Australian cost of injury study
Authors: Ross Andrew George , Agresta Blaise , McKay Marnee , Pappas Evangelos , Cheng Tegan , Peek Kerry 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesTo estimate the financial burden of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions in amateur football (soccer) players in Australia over a single year, including both direct and indirect cost.MethodsAvailable national direct and indirect cost data were applied to the annual incidence of ACL reconstructions in Australia. Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted total and mean costs (ACL and osteoarthritis (OA)) were calculated for amateur football (soccer) players in Australia using an incidence-based approach.ResultsThe estimated cost of ACL reconstructions for amateur football players is $A69 623 211 with a mean total cost of $A34 079. The mean indirect costs are 19.8% higher than the mean direct costs. The mean indirect costs are lower in female (11.5%, $A28 628) and junior (15.3%, $A29 077) football players. The mean ACL costs are 3–4-fold greater than the mean OA costs ($A27 099 vs $A6450, respectively), remaining consistent when stratified by sex and age group. Our model suggests that for every 10% increase in adherence to injury prevention programmes, which equates to approximately 102 less ACL injuries per year, $A9 460 224 in ACL costs could be saved.ConclusionWhile the number of ACL reconstructions per year among football players in Australia is relatively small, the annual financial burden is high. Our study suggests that if injury prevention exercises programmes are prioritised by stakeholders in football, significant cost-savings are possible.
Supersymmetric partition function hierarchies and character expansions
Authors: Wang Rui , Liu Fan , Li Min-Li , Zhao Wei-Zhong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe construct the supersymmetric$$\beta $$βand (q, t)-deformed Hurwitz–Kontsevich partition functions throughW-representations and present the corresponding character expansions with respect to the Jack and Macdonald superpolynomials, respectively. Based on the constructed$$\beta $$βand (q, t)-deformed superoperators, we further give the supersymmetric$$\beta $$βand (q, t)-deformed partition function hierarchies throughW-representations. We also present the generalized super Virasoro constraints, where the constraint operators obey the generalized super Virasoro algebra and null super 3-algebra. Moreover, the superintegrability for these (non-deformed) supersymmetric hierarchies is shown by their character expansions, i.e.,$$<character>\sim character$$<character>∼character.
A Review of Lorenz’s Models from 1960 to 2008
Authors: Shen Bo-Wen 
Published: September 2023

This review presents an overview of Lorenz models between 1960 and 2008, classified into six categories based on different types of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). These models have made significant contributions to our understanding of chaos, the butterfly effect, attractor coexistence, and intransitivity (or “almost intransitivity”) across various scientific fields.[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Type I models include the influential Lorenz 1963 model and generalized Lorenz models. The classical Lorenz model laid the groundwork for chaos theory by revealing the sensitivity to initial conditions and chaotic behavior. Generalized Lorenz models were developed to examine the dependence of chaos on the number of Fourier modes and to illustrate attractor coexistence.[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Type II models were derived from two-layer, quasi-geostrophic systems. These models investigated nonlinear oscillations and irregular solutions. Based on these models, in 1960, Lorenz first presented nonperiodic solutions. Type III models include the Lorenz 1960 and 1969 models, derived from a vorticity-conserved PDE. These models shed light on nonlinear oscillatory solutions, linearly unstable solutions, and the predictability estimates of the atmosphere. However, recent studies have raised doubts regarding the validity of the two-week predictability limit.[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Type IV models, based on shallow water equations, have advanced our understanding of the coexistence of slow and fast variables. Type V models, which include models not based on specific PDEs, include the Lorenz 1984 and 1996 models used for studying intransitivity and investigating data assimilation techniques.[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Type VI models, involving difference equations, have proven effective in demonstrating chaos and intransitivity across diverse fields. Interestingly, Lorenz’s early work in 1964 and 1969 employed the Logistic map, appearing earlier than significant studies in the 1970s.[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]In summary, the study of Lorenz models has deepened our understanding of chaos, attractor coexistence, and intransitivity (or “almost intransitivity”). Future research directions may involve exploring higher-dimensional models, utilizing advanced mathematical and computational techniques, and fostering interdisciplinary collaborations to further advance our comprehension and the prediction of capabilities regarding coexisting chaotic and nonchaotic phenomena, as well as regime changes.
A Geometrically Exact Beam Finite Element for Non-Prismatic Strip Beams: The Spatial Case
Authors: Gonçalves Rodrigo 
Published: September 2023

A new beam finite element for non-prismatic (tapered and curved) beams with thin rectangular cross-section (“strip” beams) is proposed in this paper. The element is geometrically exact and constitutes the extension, to the large 3D displacement and rotation setting, of those proposed by the author for the 2D [R. Gonçalves, Int. J. Struct. Stab. Dyn. 23 (2022) 2350037] and linearized lateral-torsional buckling [R. Gonçalves, Int. J. Struct. Stab. Dyn. 23(12) (2023) 2350139] cases. The element incorporates torsion-related warping, as well as arbitrary mid-line warping, and allows nonlinear tapered geometries, arbitrary initially curved configurations (including pre-twist) and eccentric loads (loads offset from the centroid). All expressions required to implement the proposed element are given in a straightforward vector/matrix format. Several numerical tests are presented to show that the element has a very good predictive capability and a low computational cost, when compared with solutions obtained with refined shell finite element meshes, even for members with a high taper ratio and initial curvature.
Global stability of a quasilinear predator–prey model with indirect pursuit–evasion interaction
Authors: Wan Chuanjia , Zheng Pan , Shan Wenhai 
Published: September 2023

This paper deals with a predator–prey model with indirect prey-taxis and predator-taxis [Formula: see text] under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in a smoothly bounded domain [Formula: see text], where the parameters [Formula: see text] are positive, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are nonlinear diffusion functions, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are nonlinear sensitivity functions. First, under certain suitable conditions for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], the system admits a unique globally bounded classical solution, provided that [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Additionally, by constructing appropriate Lyapunov functionals, we investigate the asymptotic stability of the globally bounded solutions and provide the exact convergence rates based on the different parameter choices: When [Formula: see text], it is shown that the global bounded solution [Formula: see text] exponentially converges to [Formula: see text] as [Formula: see text]; When [Formula: see text], it is shown that the global bounded solution [Formula: see text] exponentially converges to [Formula: see text] as [Formula: see text]; When [Formula: see text], it is shown that the global bounded solution [Formula: see text] algebraically converges to [Formula: see text] as [Formula: see text].
EFX Exists for Three Agents
Authors: Chaudhury Bhaskar Ray , Garg Jugal , Mehlhorn Kurt 
Published: September 2023

We study the problem of distributing a set of indivisible goods among agents with additive valuations in a
fair
manner. The fairness notion under consideration is envy-freeness up to
any
good (EFX). Despite significant efforts by many researchers for several years, the existence of EFX allocations has not been settled beyond the simple case of two agents. In this article, we show constructively that an EFX allocation always exists for three agents. Furthermore, we falsify the conjecture of Caragiannis et al. by showing an instance with three agents for which there is a partial EFX allocation (some goods are not allocated) with higher Nash welfare than that of any complete EFX allocation.
Classification and Predictors of Right Ventricular Functional Recovery in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Rischard Franz P. , Bernardo Roberto J. , Vanderpool Rebecca R. , Kwon Deborah H. , Acharya Tushar , Park Margaret M. , Katrynuik Austin , Insel Michael , Kubba Saad , Badagliacca Roberto , Larive A. Brett , Naeije Robert , Garcia Joe G.N. , Beck Gerald J. , Erzurum Serpil C. , Frantz Robert P. , Hassoun Paul M. , Hemnes Anna R. , Hill Nicholas S. , Horn Evelyn M. , Leopold Jane A. , Rosenzweig Erika B. , Tang W.H. Wilson , Wilcox Jennifer D. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Normative changes in right ventricular (RV) structure and function have not been characterized in the context of treatment-associated functional recovery (RV functional recovery [RVFnRec]). The aim of this study is to assess the clinical relevance of a proposed RVFnRec definition.

Methods:

We evaluated 63 incident patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension by right heart catheterization and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at diagnosis and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing following treatment (≈11 months). Sex, age, ethnicity matched healthy control subjects (n=62) with 1-time cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and noninvasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing were recruited from the PVDOMICS (Redefining Pulmonary Hypertension through Pulmonary Vascular Disease Phenomics) project. We examined therapeutic cardiac magnetic resonance imaging changes relative to the evidence-based peak oxygen consumption (VO
2peak
)>15 mL/(kg·min) to define RVFnRec by receiver operating curve analysis. Afterload was measured as mean pulmonary artery pressure, resistance, compliance, and elastance.

Results:

A drop in RV end-diastolic volume of −15 mL best defined RVFnRec (area under the curve, 0.87;
P
=0.0001) and neared upper 95% CI RV end-diastolic volume of controls. This cutoff was met by 22 out of 63 (35%) patients which was reinforced by freedom from clinical worsening, RVFnRec 1 out of 21 (5%) versus no RVFnRec 17 out of 42, 40% (log-rank
P
=0.006). A therapy-associated increase of 0.8 mL/mm Hg in compliance had the best predictive value of RVFnRec (area under the curve, 0.76; [95% CI, 0.64–0.88];
P
=0.001). RVFnRec patients had greater increases in stroke volume, and cardiac output at exercise.

Conclusions:
RVFnRec defined by RV end-diastolic volume therapeutic decrease of −15 mL predicts exercise capacity, freedom from clinical worsening, and nears normalization. A therapeutic improvement of compliance is superior to other measures of afterload in predicting RVFnRec. RVFnRec is also associated with increased RV output reserve at exercise.
A Study on Dynamics of Food Inflation in India
Authors: Anwar Razique , Guha Atulan 
Published: September 2023

The role of food prices is vital for people living in low- and middle-income countries like India as they spend a high share of their income on food items. As the earlier literature suggests, there can be interlinkages between food prices, non-food prices and rural wages. Therefore, this study’s first objective was to empirically test the relationship between (1) food prices and non-food prices based on consumer price index (CPI). The second objective of the study was to test the relationship between (2) food prices based on both CPI and WPI (wholesale price index) and rural wages (agricultural and non-agricultural wages). The time series econometric technique for monthly data available from January 2015 to March 2020 is used to arrive at the findings. The study found no long-run relationship between food and non-food prices. Also, no long-run or short-run relationship is found between food prices and rural wages. However, the impulse response function graphs suggest that food prices and non-food prices are affected by their own lagged prices, and short-run transmission runs from non-food prices to food prices in opposite directions in both urban and rural areas of India. Since we find that food prices are affected by their own lagged prices and non-food prices in the short-run only, the interest rate policy of RBI, which is supposed to influence the prices of non-food sectors faster, has limited capacity to influence the prices of food sectors in the long-run. JEL Codes: E4, E6, 02
Changes in mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexican youth: Insights from the Voces-19 study
Authors: Bojórquez-Chapela Ietza , López-Lalinde Lina , Regules-García Ricardo , Vieitez-Martínez Isabel 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Previous research suggests that the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic were stronger during the first months of it. It has also been proposed that those impacts depended on gender and other social determinants. AIMS: We aim to describe the change in prevalence of mental health problems (symptoms of common mental disorders [CMD], alcohol, and drug use) between two time periods during the pandemic, and the association of mental health problems with social determinants, in adolescents and young adults in Mexico. METHODS: We conducted a repeated cross-section analysis of data from VoCes-19, an online survey in November 2020 to February 2021 and November 2021 to March 2022 (combined n = ×224,099). We assessed the change in the prevalence of mental health problems, the differences in prevalence and change in the prevalence by gender, and the association of social determinants and pandemic-related variables with mental health problems, by means of multivariate regression models. RESULTS: The prevalence of CMD decreased (46.0% vs. 42.4%), while the prevalence of alcohol (frequent use 8.4% vs. 10.3%) and drug use (4.6% vs. 7.7%) increased. The three conditions increased more among girls/young women and trans/queer/non-binary participants than among boys/young men. CONCLUSIONS: The results point to the importance of considering the gendered social context of young people. A better understanding of the social circumstances that relate with mental health is required to inform interventions for these age groups.
The recalibration and redevelopment of a model to calculate patients’ probability of completing a colonoscopy following an abnormal fecal test
Authors: Petrik Amanda F , Johnson Eric S , Slaughter Matthew , Leo Michael C , Thompson Jamie , Mummadi Rajasekhara R , Jimenez Ricardo , Hussain Syed Akmal , Coronado Gloria 
Published: September 2023

Objectives Fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) is an effective screening tool for colorectal cancer. If an FIT is abnormal, a follow-up colonoscopy is necessary to remove polyps or find cancers. We sought to develop a usable risk prediction model to identify patients unlikely to complete a colonoscopy following an abnormal FIT test. Methods We recalibrated and then redeveloped a prediction model in federally qualified health centers (FQHCs), using a retrospective cohort of patients aged 50–75 with an abnormal FIT test and clinical data. Logistic and Cox regressions were used to recalibrate and then redevelop the model. Results The initial risk model used data from eight FQHCs (26 clinics) including 1723 patients. When we applied the model to a single large FQHC (34 clinics, 884 eligible patients), the model did not recalibrate successfully (c-statistic dropped more than 0.05, from 0.66 to 0.61). The model was redeveloped in the same FQHC in a cohort of 1401 patients with a c-statistic of 0.65. Conclusions The original model developed in a group of FQHCs did not adequately recalibrate in the single large FQHC. Health system, patient characteristics or data differences may have led to the inability to recalibrate the model. However, the redeveloped model provides an adequate model for the single FQHC.
Effect of cam resection depth on clinical outcomes after primary hip arthroscopy
Authors: Acar Emre , Hapa Onur , Gürsan Onur , Balcı Ali , Aydemir Selahaddin , Mukat Alaa , Ağca Selahattin , Çeltik Mustafa , Gedik Gökay 
Published: September 2023

Background: The amount of resection or the starting point of the resection on the femoral head for cam lesions in femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is controversial. Aim: The purpose of this study was to study the effect of postoperative resection depth, and resection arc ratio of cam lesion on the frequency of achieving substantial clinical benefit (SCB), patient acceptable state (PASS) in modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and Hip Outcome Score Activity of Daily Living (HOSADL), 2 years postoperatively. Patients and methods: All patients who underwent first-time hip arthroscopy for FAI with a 2-year follow-up were included in this study. Patient-reported outcomes included the mHHS, HOSADL, and visual analogue scale for pain (Pain VAS). Radiological parameters such as alpha angletraditional (αT), alpha anglecartilage (αC), resection arc ratio (% alpha anglecartilage-alpha angletraditional/360°), resection depth (‘’D’’mm) and resection depth ratio ‘D%’ (D/femoral head diameter %) were measured using the 45° Dunn view. Results: We identified 26 patients (27 hips) with 2-year follow-up. There were 10 female and 16 male patients. The mean age of the patients was 33 ± 12 years. Higher frequency of achieving SCB threshold for mHHS was related to labrum repair (73% vs. debridement ‘27%’ p = 0.03), lower preoperative αT (64° vs. 76°, p = 0.04), lower preoperative mHHS (54 vs. 81, p < 0.001) and higher preoperative VAS scores (8 vs. 7, p = 0.02). Higher frequency of reaching PASS threshold for mHHS was associated with lower αC (82°vs. 92° p:0.02), lower RA (8% vs. 11%, p = 0.03), lower D (2.8 mm vs. 4.5 mm p:0.03), lower D% (4.7% vs. 8.4% p = 0.04) and higher postoperative mHHS (97 vs. 82 p < 0.001). Conclusions: A higher frequency of achieving SCB for HOSADL was related to lower D% (5% vs. 10.5%, p = 0.04). Cam resection depth affects the frequency of achieving clinically meaningful scores and resection depth less than 6% of the femoral head diameter seems to be appropriate for optimal results. The starting point of resection on head cartilage needs to be <90° when alpha angle is used for reference.
Lipid profile with eslicarbazepine acetate and carbamazepine monotherapy in adult patients with newly diagnosed focal seizures: post hoc analysis of a phase III trial and open-label extension study
Authors: Trinka Eugen , Rocamora Rodrigo , Chaves João , Koepp Mathias J. , Rüegg Stephan , Holtkamp Martin , Moreira Joana , Fonseca Miguel M. , Castilla-Fernández Guillermo , Ikedo Fábio 
Published: September 2023

Background: Antiseizure medications can have negative effects on plasma lipid levels. Objectives: To evaluate plasma lipid changes in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy treated with eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) or controlled-release carbamazepine (CBZ-CR) monotherapy during a phase III, randomized, double-blind (DB) trial and 2 years of ESL treatment in an open-label extension (OLE). Design: Post hoc analysis of a phase III trial and OLE study. Methods: Proportions of patients with elevated levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were assessed at DB baseline, OLE baseline (last visit of DB trial), and end of OLE. Results: A total of 184 patients received ESL monotherapy during the OLE: 96 received ESL monotherapy in the DB trial and 88 patients received CBZ-CR monotherapy. The proportions of patients with elevated total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol increased significantly during the DB trial in those treated with CBZ-CR monotherapy [total cholesterol, +14.9% ( p < 0.001); LDL cholesterol, +11.5% ( p = 0.012)] but decreased significantly after switching to ESL monotherapy in the OLE [total cholesterol, −15.3% ( p = 0.008); LDL cholesterol, −11.1% ( p = 0.021)]. No significant changes were observed in those treated with ESL monotherapy during the DB trial and OLE. At the end of the DB trial, between-group differences (ESL–CBZ-CR) in the proportions of patients with elevated total and LDL cholesterol were −13.6% ( p = 0.037) and −12.3% ( p = 0.061), respectively; at the end of the OLE, these between-group differences were −6.0% ( p = 0.360) and −0.6% ( p = 1.000), respectively. Conclusion: A lower proportion of patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy had increased levels of total and LDL cholesterol, compared to baseline, following monotherapy with ESL versus CBZ-CR; after switching from CBZ-CR to ESL, the proportions of patients with increased levels decreased significantly. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01162460/NCT02484001; EudraCT 2009-011135-13/2015-001243-36.