bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histone methylation in pre-cancerous liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma: recent overview
Authors: Charidemou Evelina , Koufaris Costas , Louca Maria , Kirmizis Antonis , Rubio-Tomás Teresa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the prevalent form of liver cancer in adults and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. HCC predominantly arises in the context of cirrhosis as a result of chronic liver disease, injury and inflammation. Full-blown HCC has poor prognosis because it is highly aggressive and resistant to therapy. Consequently, interventions that can prevent or restrain HCC emergence from pre-cancerous diseased liver are a desirable strategy. Histone methylation is a dynamic, reversible epigenetic modification involving the addition or removal of methyl groups from lysine, arginine or glutamine residues. Aberrant activity of histone methylation writers, erases and readers has been implicated in several cancer types, including HCC. In this review, we provide an overview of research on the role of histone methylation in pre-cancerous and cancerous HCC published over the last 5 years. In particular, we present the evidence linking environmental factors such as diet, viral infections and carcinogenic agents with dysregulation of histone methylation during liver cancer progression with the aim to highlight future therapeutic possibilities.
Unemployment Hysteresis by Sex and Education Attainment in the EU
Authors: Cuestas Juan Carlos , Gil-Alana Luis 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we analyse the degree of persistence of shocks in unemployment rates for a group of 22 European countries, disaggregating the data by sex and education attainment. By means of using a long-memory model with fractional integration techniques, we find high levels of persistence in the majority of the cases with orders of integration which are around 1. Also, we find that women and those with higher education are the ones which shocks tend to have less lasting effects since they refer to the series with the lowest orders of integration, in some cases being significantly below 1 and thus showing mean reversion. Policy implications are derived from our analysis.
Comparative effects of mineral fertilizer and digestate on growth, antioxidant system, and physiology of lettuce under salt stress
Authors: Li Faqinwei , Yuan Yongheng , Gong Pengxuan , Imazumi Yoshiaki , Na Risu , Shimizu Naoto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSalt stress in plants presents a major challenge to future agricultural production. Digestate has various effects on plant growth, but little information is available on its effects on the antioxidant system and physiological characteristics of lettuce under salt stress. In this study, the impacts of mineral fertilizer and digestate application on edible parts of lettuce were compared under three salinities. Experimental treatments comprised application of two types of fertilizer (mineral fertilizer and digestate) and three NaCl concentrations (0, 3, and 7.5 dS m− 1). High NaCl concentrations resulted in significantly lower photosynthesis, growth, and physiological indices compared with those under no NaCl addition. However, under the 7.5 dS m− 1 NaCl condition, digestate application (DA) increased the fresh weight (42%), dry weight (27%), photosynthetic pigment contents and photosynthesis (20%) of lettuce compared with that under mineral fertilizer application (MFA). Accumulation of reactive oxygen species was markedly lower, and the membrane stability index was therefore higher, under DA compared with under MFA within the same salinity level. Lipid peroxidation was lower under DA compared with under MFA in all salinity treatments. Salt stress up-regulated the antioxidant system and DA further increased the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capability compared with that under MFA. In addition, the total water use was lower and water-related indices, such as water use efficiency of fresh weight, water use efficiency of dry weight and relative water content, were higher under DA compared with under MFA. The application of digestate instead of mineral fertilizer could be a promising practice to alleviate the negative impact of salt stress on the productivity and physiological characteristics of lettuce plants.
3D Minimum Channel Width Distribution in a Ni-Base Superalloy
Authors: Müller Moritz , Böttger Bernd , Schleifer Felix , Fleck Michael , Glatzel Uwe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe strength of a Ni-base superalloy depends strongly on its microstructure consisting of cuboidal$${\gamma }^{^{\prime}}$$γ′precipitates surrounded by narrow channels of$$\gamma $$γmatrix. According to the theory of Orowan, a moving dislocation has to crimp through the minimal inter-precipitate spacing to admit the plastic deformation. We present a novel approach to evaluate the matrix channel width distribution of a matrix/$${\gamma }^{^{\prime}}$$γ′microstructure in binary representation. Our method relies on precise determination of the matrix/precipitate interfaces and requires no additional user input. For each matrix channel between two neighboring precipitates, we identify the minimal interface to interface distance vector with its length being the channel width. The performance of this method is demonstrated on the example of the commercial alloy CSMX-4. We show that, in contrast to conventional line sectioning approaches, the approach consistently handles experimental 2D micrographs and 3D phase-field simulation data. The identified distance vectors correlate to the underlying crystal symmetry independent of the image orientation. The obtained channel width distributions compare well between the 2D and 3D data. This is in terms of similar median and$$\sigma $$σof a log-normal distribution. The presented method overcomes limitations of the conventional line slicing approaches and provides a versatile tool for automated microstructure characterization.
Laser Cladding With Combined NIR and Blue Diode Laser Including In-Line Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
Authors: Schmidt Malte , Köhler Robert , Gerhard Christoph , Partes Knut 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor Directed Energy Deposition processes (DED) lasers in the near infrared (NIR) as well as in the infrared (IR) range are predominantly used. Recent developments have also made high-power lasers in the visible spectrum available. As the DED process is used for cladding of surfaces, repairing and additive manufacturing of components, process monitoring and control methods are necessary to ensure a consistent manufacturing quality. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) of the process radiation can provide information on process conditions and the deposition layer during DED processes. However, DED processes are in the heat conduction regime and superimposed broad spectral emissions dominate the wavelength specific signals. The object of this work is to compare the process behavior using a NIR and blue diode laser separately as well as in combination. The influence of the laser wavelength on the cladding result as well as on the emitted process radiation is to be determined. Therefore, single tracks of Co-based powder (MetcoClad21) were clad on an S235 base material by using each laser source separately as well as in combination. Both laser beams were combined within a single hybrid optic. While the scan speed and powder feed rate remained constant, the laser power was varied. Single spectra have been recorded from the process using a spectrometer. Single spectra are sorted and element lines were identified. Only non-ionised elements could be detected, with chromium appearing frequently. It was shown that comparable results in terms of cladding quality can be produced independently from the laser wavelength. In fact, less laser power (app. 30% less, 1 kW at 980 nm (NIR) compared to 0.7 kW at 450 nm (blue)) was needed aiming for comparable results in geometrical factors (as dilution, height, depth, width) and homogeneity (chemical composition distribution) by using blue laser irradiation. Furthermore, more spectrometric signals (approx. 2–28 times more) were detected compared to experiments using only NIR irradiation with the same laser power. This effect is particularly high at low laser powers and decreases with increasing power. Hence, it is possible to enable in-line process analysis by adding blue laser irradiation to the mix of the beam.
A robust membrane with dual superlyophobicity for solving water-caused lubricant deterioration and water contamination
Authors: Zhao Siyang , Xu Chenggong , Zhang Jiaxu , Liang Yongmin , Liu Weimin , Huang Jinxia , Guo Zhiguang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLubricants are often contaminated by water in different ways. Water-polluted lubricants extremely accelerate wear corrosion, leading to the deterioration of lubricity performance. Recently, multiphase media superwettability has been developed to endow one surface with compatible functions, such as on-demand separation of oily wastewater. However, realizing the robustness of the dual superlyophobic surface to solve water-caused lubricant deterioration and water contamination as needed remains challenges. Herein, a robust dual superlyophobic membrane is presented to realize on-demand separation for various lubricant—water emulsions. Compared to pure lubricants, the purified lubricants have equivalent tribology performance, which are much better than that of water-polluted lubricants. The as-prepared membrane maintains dual superlyophobicity, high-efficient for water or lubricant purification, and excellent tribology performance of the purified lubricant, even after immersion in hot liquids for 24 h, multicycle separation, and sandpaper abrasion for 50 cycles. Water-polluted lubricant extremely accelerates wear corrosion to promote catalytic dehydrogenation of lubricants, generating too much harmful carbon-based debris. This work shows great guiding significance for recovering the tribology performance of water-polluted lubricants and purifying water by the dual superlyophobic membrane.
A combined experimental and analytical method to determine the EHL friction force distribution between rollers and outer raceway in a cylindrical roller bearing
Authors: Hou Yu , Wang Xi , Yang Di , Xiao Zeliang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFriction force is a crucial factor causing power loss and fatigue spalling of rolling element bearings. A combined experimental and analytical method is proposed to quantitatively determine the elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) friction force distribution between rollers and outer raceway in a cylindrical roller bearing (CRB). An experimental system with the instrumented bearing and housing was developed for measuring radial load distribution and friction torque of bearings. A simplified model of friction force expressed by dimensionless speed, load, and material parameters was given. An inequality constrained optimization problem was established and solved by using an experimental data-driven learning algorithm for determining the uncertain parameters in the model. The effect of speed, load, and lubricant property on friction force and friction coefficient was discussed.
The legal relevance of a minor patient’s wish to die: a temporality-related exploration of end-of-life decisions in pediatric care
Authors: Dorscheidt Jozef H. H. M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDecisions regarding the end-of-life of minor patients are amongst the most difficult areas of decision-making in pediatric health care. In this field of medicine, such decisions inevitably occur early in human life, which makes one aware of the fact that any life—young or old—cannot escape its temporal nature. Belgium and the Netherlands have adopted domestic regulations, which conditionally permit euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in minors who experience hopeless and unbearable suffering. One of these conditions states that the minor involved must be legally competent and able to express an authentic and lasting wish to die. This contribution is different from other legal texts on end-of-life decisions in modern health care. Foremost, it deals with the role time-bound components play in our views on the permissibility of such decisions with regard to minor patients. While other disciplines provide profound reflections on this issue, from a legal point of view this side has hardly been explored, let alone examined with regard to its relevance for the legal permissibility of end-of-life decisions in pediatrics. Therefore, the manuscript inquires whether there are legal lessons to be learned if we look more closely to temporality-related aspects of these end-of-life decisions, particularly in connection to a minor patient’s assumable ability to choose death over an agonizing existence.
Factors determining community structure of metazoan parasites from brown-spotted grouper, Epinephelus chlorostigma (Valenciennes, 1828) in Southern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed Mousa , Alghamdi Tariq Saeed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeveral factors influence the structure of parasite communities, which are important components of the biodiversity of various ecosystems. Some of these factors may be related to the environment and/or to the host. The present study evaluated the influence of host size and season on the structure of the metazoan parasite community of the brown-spotted grouper, Epinephelus chlorostigma. One hundred thirty-two fish were collected between March 2018 to February 2019 from the Red Sea, Saudi coast, Southern Saudi Arabia. Eight parasite species were recorded: one copepod (Sarcotaces sp.), one isopod (Argathona rhinoceros), two monogeneans (Pseudorhabdosynochus epinepheli and Megalocotyloides epinepheli), three digeneans (Prosorhynchus epinepheli, Helicometrina nimia, and Erilepturus hamati), and one nematode (Cucullanus epinepheli). The overall prevalence was 43.2% Digeneans were the most frequent parasite species and represented (50.55%) followed by monogeneans (45.05%), crustacean (3.42%), and nematode (0.98%) of the total individual parasites collected from 57 infected fish. Parasite community structure and species composition varied significantly among host size. Positive associations were found between infection parameters of parasite species and host size. Our results suggest that parasite infection parameters were affected by host size and season. Further long-term research is required to conclude the factors determining the structuring of the parasite community of E. chlorostigma.
Leading the Charge on Digital Regulation: The More, the Better, or Policy Bubble?
Authors: Codagnone Cristiano , Weigl Linda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor about a decade, the concept of ‘digital sovereignty’ has been prominent in the European policy discourse. In the quest for digital sovereignty, the European Union has adopted a constitutional approach to protect fundamental rights and democratic values, and to ensure fair and competitive digital markets. Thus, ‘digital constitutionalism’ emerged as a twin discourse. A corollary of these discourses is a third phenomenon resulting from a regulatory externalisation of European law beyond the bloc’s borders, the so-called ‘Brussels Effect’. The dynamics arising from Europe’s digital policy and regulatory activism imply increasing legal complexities. This paper argues that this phenomenon in policy-making is a case of a positive ‘policy bubble’ characterised by an oversupply of policies and legislative acts. The phenomenon can be explained by the amplification of values in the framing of digital policy issues. To unpack the policy frames and values at stake, this paper provides an overview of the digital policy landscape, followed by a critical assessment to showcase the practical implications of positive policy bubbles.
How temperature affects biochar properties for application in coal mine spoils? A meta-analysis
Authors: Roshan Akash , Ghosh Dipita , Maiti Subodh Kumar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBiochar application in agricultural and metal mines has been studied widely; however, very few studies have been conducted on its application as an amendment for the restoration of coal mine degraded land. Thus, for the application of biochar for coal mine spoil restoration, the best pyrolysis temperature profile needs to be established. Biochar produced at different pyrolysis temperatures has distinct physio-chemical and nutritive properties, which impact its performance when applied as an amendment. The objective of the current study is to conduct a meta-analysis on the pyrolysis temperature and summarize the results using forest plots. The current study quantifies the effect of pyrolysis temperature on biochar production and its optimum nutritional properties. Based on pyrolysis temperature, biochar has to be categorized into low (< 450 °C), moderate (450–550 °C) and high-temperature biochar (> 550 °C). The pH range of biochar was 6.6–12.3 for high pyrolysis temperature and 5.8–11.1 for medium pyrolysis temperature. However, cation exchange capacity was in the range of 3.18–187 m mol kg− 1 for high pyrolysis temperature. For medium and low, the range was 4.63-210 m mol kg− 1 and 23.6–228 m mol kg− 1, respectively. Similarly, at low pyrolysis temperature, the organic content was 14.3–88%, while it was 4.7–60% and 11.2–86.2% for high and medium. Also, the nutrient contents such as Ca, Fe, Mg, and K were high at moderate temperature conditions. The study concluded that low to moderate pyrolysis temperature was best suited for coal mine spoil restoration.
Graphical Abstract
High-power 1560 nm single-frequency erbium fiber amplifier core-pumped at 1480 nm
Authors: Cheng Xin , Lin Zhiquan , Yang Xuezong , Cui Shuizhen , Zeng Xin , Jiang Huawei , Feng Yan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
High-power continuous-wave single-frequency Er-doped fiber amplifiers at 1560 nm by in-band and core pumping of a 1480 nm Raman fiber laser are investigated in detail. Both co- and counter-pumping configurations are studied experimentally. Up to 59.1 W output and 90% efficiency were obtained in the fundamental mode and linear polarization in the co-pumped case, while less power and efficiency were achieved in the counter-pumped setup for additional loss. The amplifier performs indistinguishably in terms of laser linewidth and relative intensity noise in the frequency range up to 10 MHz for both configurations. However, the spectral pedestal is raised in co-pumping, caused by cross-phase modulation between the pump and signal laser, which is observed and analyzed for the first time. Nevertheless, the spectral pedestal is 34.9 dB below the peak, which has a negligible effect for most applications.
Stabilization of a multi-frequency open cavity flow with gradient-enriched machine learning control
Authors: Cornejo Maceda Guy Y. , Varon Eliott , Lusseyran François , Noack Bernd R. 
Published: January 2023

We stabilize an open cavity flow experiment to 1 % of its original fluctuation level. For the first time, a multi-modal feedback control is automatically learned for this configuration. The key enabler is automatic in situ optimization of control laws with machine learning augmented by a gradient descent algorithm, named gradient-enriched machine learning control (Cornejo Maceda et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 917, 2021, A42, gMLC). The physical interpretation of the feedback mechanism is assisted by a novel cluster-based control law visualization for the flow dynamics and corresponding actuation commands. Starting points of the control experiment are two unforced open cavity benchmark configurations: a narrow-bandwidth regime with a single dominant frequency and a mode-switching regime where two frequencies compete. The flow is forced by a dielectric barrier discharge actuator located at the leading edge and is monitored by a downstream hot-wire sensor over the trailing edge. The feedback law is optimized with respect to the monitored fluctuation level. As reference, the self-oscillations of the mixing layer are mitigated with steady actuation. Then, a feedback controller is optimized with gMLC. As expected, feedback control outperforms steady actuation by achieving a better amplitude reduction with approximately 1 % of the actuation energy required for similarly effective steady forcing. Intriguingly, optimized laws learned for one regime perform well for the other untested regime as well. The proposed control strategy can be expected to be applicable for many other shear flow experiments.
Regulating Labour through Foreign Punishment? Codification and Sanction at Work in New Kingdom Egypt
Authors: Loktionov Alexandre A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates two New Kingdom Egyptian texts pertaining to labour regulation: the Karnak Decree of Horemheb and the Nauri Decree of Seti I. They focus on combating the unauthorized diverting of manpower and represent the oldest Egyptian texts (fourteenth–thirteenth century BCE) explicitly concerned with the legal dimension of managing the workforce. After a brief historical overview, the paper outlines each text's key content and stylistic features. It shows that while some of these are likely native to Egypt, others may have been imported from Mesopotamia. More specifically, it appears that the sentence structure is native Egyptian, but the sanctions deployed are likely of foreign origin, aligning more closely to the contemporary punitive tradition of Mesopotamia. This is probably no coincidence, given the close contact between Egypt and the broader Near East at that time. This uptake of foreign ideas may have achieved more efficient labour regulation by enforcing stricter rules for non-compliance while simultaneously maintaining a veneer of Egyptian authenticity in line with official state ideology.
Morphological and molecular characterization of Cosmocercoides amapari n. sp. (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae), parasitic in hylid frogs from the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Rebêlo Gabriel Lima , Santos Ana Nunes , Tavares-Costa Lorena Freitas Souza , Dias-Souza Marcos Roberto , Müller Maria Isabel , Jesus Ronald Ferreira , Costa-Campos Carlos Eduardo , dos Santos Jeannie Nascimento , Melo Francisco Tiago de Vasconcelos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCosmocercoides Wilkie, 1930 are gastrointestinal parasites commonly found in amphibians and reptiles, with 4 species reported from the Neotropical region. In the present study, a new species of Cosmocercoides, namely Cosmocercoides amapari n. sp. is described using integrated approaches such as light and scanning microscopy, and DNA sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene. The specimens were collected from the large intestine of 3 species of hylid frogs in Amapá, Brazil. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by morphological traits, including the pattern of caudal papillae, absence of the gubernaculum, 2 poorly sclerotized spicules, presence of lateral alae and somatic papillae along the body. In addition, our molecular analyses and phylogenetic reconstructions strongly support the status of the new taxon, which clustered poorly with a large clade of Cosmocerca spp. Cosmocercoides amapari n. sp. is the 29th species of the genus, the 5th from the Neotropical region, the third reported in Brazil, the second described from the Amazon region and the first belonging to the Neotropical region with molecular data.
Use of 3D volume-rendered CT imaging in analysing the anatomy of an unusual type of common arterial trunk
Authors: Banpurkar Ashishkumar , Wadile Santosh , Kulkarni Snehal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA common arterial trunk with pulmonary dominance is rare. We report the use of 3D volume-rendered CT imaging to define common arterial trunk with pulmonary arterial dominance and associated abnormalities.