bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive profile of reserpine following its repeated administration in rats: a progressive model of memory impairment
Authors: Ikram Huma , Kazi Mohsin , Haleem Darakhshan J. , Uddin Mohammad N. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Contrary to other animal models for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related cognitive deficits involving acute memory impairment, the present study was designed to provide an animal model exhibiting a progressive decrease in memory upon repeated administration of reserpine (0.1 mg/kg). In the present study, reserpine was injected daily (once a day for three weeks). Short- and long-term memories were assessed using a Morris water maze on a weekly basis. A novel object recognition test was performed after completion of the treatment (day 21). Animals were decapitated on day 21, and brain samples were stored at -70°C. Impairment of short- and long-term activities (as monitored in the Morris water maze) was not observed until after the first week. Long-term memory was found to be impaired earlier than short-term memory. The novel object recognition test also revealed reserpine-induced impairment of working memory. Neurochemical analysis of the whole brain samples by HPLC-EC showed that repeated administration of reserpine significantly decreased dopamine (p < 0.01), HVA (homovaluronic acid) (p < 0.05) and 5-HIAA (5-hydroxyindol acetic acid) (p < 0.01) levels. This further confirmed that these neurochemical deficits are the underlying reason for memory impairment. The present study provides evidence that repeated administration of reserpine can be used as a ‘progressive’ animal model of memory impairment. The results could be beneficial for understanding the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s-related memory impairment.
Luminous condition of urban canyons; an evolutionary computing-based approach to simultaneously improve outdoor illuminance and indoor visual comfort
Authors: Abdollahzadeh Nastaran , Biloria Nimish 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Due to the rapid population growth, urban densification is inevitable. As cities become denser, the environmental quality of urban canyons reduces, and thus the associated energy use of buildings increases. Currently, cities are responsible for 70% of the world’s energy consumption. One of the efficient solutions to address this issue is allowing more solar access into interiors and thus making the most of daylight and solar heat gain. Accordingly, this study aims to develop general daylighting guidelines by optimizing urban and building design factors. This ultimately allows more daylight penetration into urban canyons (vertical daylight illuminance (VDI)) and, subsequently, improves indoor visual comfort (useful horizontal illuminance level (HIL)). This can also reduce the associated lighting and heating (during winter) energy use of buildings. Moreover, the correlation between indoor and outdoor illuminance levels is investigated to bridge the gap between daylight requirements in urban planning and building scale design. In this regard, a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm-based assessment of design variables is conducted employing computational simulation. This determines the extent to which each urban morphology can affect daylight access in both indoor and outdoor environments. Accordingly, the optimal range for different design factors is suggested.
Combined toxic effects of MWCNTs and ZnO nanoparticle on the liver of common carp
Authors: Gao Xiaochan , Huang Yong , Ren Hongtao , Li Yimin , Chen Jiayong , Xu Ruiyi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
As important emerging carbon nanostructured materials with large surface areas, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can affect the fate of some pollutants. The impact of multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) on the toxic effects of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) remains eclusive. In this study, the histological changes and apoptosis of the liver of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were investigated under four-weeks exposure of single ZnONPs or in combination with MWCNTs. The results demonstrated that ZnONPs individually induced pathological changes and apoptosis in the liver. After co-exposure to 50 mg L− 1 ZnONPs and 0.25 mg L− 1 MWCNTs, the pathological changes alleviation were observed at the microscopic level and ultrastructural level. Apoptotic rate of hepatocytes decreased by 52%. Moreover, the mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes including caspase3, BAX, and XBP1 were significantly changed, indicating the complex interactions between them. In contrast, co-exposure to 50 mg L− 1 ZnONPs and 2.5 mg L− 1 MWCNTs resulted in more severe damage and apoptosis (apoptotic rate increased by 33%). In conclusion, low concentration of MWCNTs attenuated the toxic effect of ZnONPs on common carp, but high concentration of MWCNTs enhanced it. This study will contribute to the development of future risk assessment and management strategies of carbon nanomaterials.
Application of Lung Ultrasound in Monitoring Fluid Overload During Transurethral Resection of the Prostate: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Zhang Mengjun , Huang Xiaofan , Zhang Xiaohan , Li Ziying , Chen Qiuchong , Zhang Yu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Fluid absorption is common in patients undergoing transurethral prostate resections. We aimed to explore the feasibility of using lung ultrasound to monitor fluid overload during and after surgery by detecting extravascular lung water.
Methods
We conducted a single-center prospective observational study of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) under general anesthesia between December 2020 and August 2021. Lung ultrasound was performed before the operation (T1), 1 h after the surgery started (10 min before the end of the operation if the operation time was < 1 h) (T2), and before leaving the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU, T3) to assess the changes in extravascular lung water. Lung ultrasound scores ≥ 20 were defined as significantly increased extravascular lung water (EVLW). The primary outcome was the incidence of increased EVLW at T3. The secondary outcomes included delayed recovery, postoperative shivering, hypoxemia, time to extubation, time in the PACU, and length of postoperative hospital stay.
Results
All patients had normal extravascular lung water before surgery, and 6.9% and 35.5% of patients had increased EVLW at T2 and T3, respectively. Increased extravascular lung water prolonged extubation and recovery times. However, postoperative shivering, hypoxemia, and the length of postoperative hospital stay were not significantly affected.
Conclusions
Lung ultrasound is a reliable noninvasive bedside tool for monitoring fluid absorption during TURP under general anesthesia.
Physician resilience and perceived quality of care among medical doctors with training in psychosomatic medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic: a quantitative and qualitative analysis
Authors: Fazekas Christian , Zieser Maximilian , Hanfstingl Barbara , Saretzki Janika , Kunschitz Evelyn , Zieser-Stelzhammer Luise , Linder Dennis , Matzer Franziska 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
At an individual level, physician resilience protects against burnout and against its known negative effects on individual physicians, patient safety, and quality of care. However, it remains uncertain whether physician resilience also correlates with maintaining a high level of healthcare quality during crises such as a pandemic. This study aimed to investigate whether higher resilience among physicians, who had received training in resilience-related competences in the past, would be associated with higher quality of care delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
This study enrolled physicians working in family medicine, psychiatry, internal medicine, and other medical specialties, who had obtained at least one of three consecutive diplomas in psychosomatic medicine in the past. Participants completed a quantitative and qualitative anonymous online survey. Resilience was measured using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and healthcare quality was assessed through single-item quality indicators, including perceived quality of care, professional autonomy, adequate time for patient care, and job satisfaction.
Results
The study included 229 physicians (70 males/159 females) with additional training in psychosomatic medicine, working in family medicine (42.5%), psychiatry (28.1%), internal medicine (7.0%), or other medical specialties (22.4%). Participants represented four intensity levels of training background (level 1 to level 4: 9.2%, 32.3%, 46.3%, and 12.2% of participants). Training background in psychosomatic medicine was positively associated with resilience (B = 0.08, SE = 0.04, p < 0.05). Resilience and training background independently predicted perceived quality of care, even after controlling for variables such as own health concerns, involvement in the treatment of COVID-19 patients, financial strain, percentage of working hours spent on patient care, age, and gender (resilience: B = 0.33, SE = 0.12, p < 0.01; training background: B = 0.17, SE = 0.07, p < 0.05). Both resilience and training background predicted job satisfaction (resilience: B = 0.42, SE = 0.12, p < 0.001; training background: B = 0.18, SE = 0.07, p < 0.05), while resilience alone predicted professional autonomy (B = 0.27, SE = 0.12, p < 0.05). In response to an open question about their resources, resilient physicians more frequently reported applying conscious resilient skills/emotion regulation (p < 0.05) and personal coping strategies (p < 0.01) compared to less resilient medical doctors.
Conclusion
Physician resilience appears to play a significant role in the perceived quality of patient care, professional autonomy, and job satisfaction during healthcare crises.
Impact of recent climatic disaster on socioeconomic and health status of people residing in flood-stricken areas of Pakistan
Authors: Khan Qaisar Ali , Farkouh Christopher , Hadi Faiza Amatul , Iram Sumaira , Haider Iqbal , Badshah Aliena , Khan Arooba , Hidayat Aabdar , Jan Ayiz , Ain Hoor Ul , Mumtaz Hassan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
The occurrence of severe weather events and climate-related calamities, such as droughts, floods, and heatwaves, is escalating on a global scale. This article examines the effects of the recent flood in Pakistan on the socioeconomic and health conditions of the population residing in the country.
Methodology:
The chosen approach for conducting this study is the methodology. A survey was done on a sample of 811 individuals from three districts in Pakistan following a flood event. The survey encompassed a wide range of questions aimed at investigating the biopsychosocial dimensions of the impacted community. The data was obtained using a validated questionnaire and afterwards analyzed using SPSS software version 25.
Findings:
The analysis of our survey revealed noteworthy rises in problematic biopsychosocial indicators within the surveyed regions of Pakistan. Specifically, 40% of the population experienced homelessness, while the proportion of individuals with a low income decreased by 9% and those with a moderate income decreased by 22%. Furthermore, it was found that 48.7% of the participants experienced a loss of income as a direct consequence of the flood events. Moreover, a significant increase was observed in the proportion of individuals reporting some form of disease or disability since the flooding, with 83.4% of the subjects affected compared to the previous rate of 16.4%. Additionally, a substantial majority of 92.8% expressed the belief that the floods had adversely impacted the health and sanitation conditions within their locality. Significantly, a notable proportion of participants (22.6%) reported encountering challenges in obtaining food subsequent to flooding, as opposed to the pre-flood period. Additionally, a substantial majority of respondents (59.9%) indicated a lack of knowledge on appropriate evacuation procedures specific to their locality prior to the occurrence of floods.
Conclusion
Pakistan has frequent flooding and other natural disasters. Current data suggests the country's ability to manage and mitigate environmental stressors is poor. Our study found that the floods hindered access to food, healthcare, and property for low-income people. Without proper finances and healthcare, people are more susceptible to chronic lung disease, diabetes, and heart disease. To help a community like Pakistan recover from an environmental disaster, infrastructural, nutritional, and medical aid is crucial.
Glycosylation-Related Genes predict prognosis in Hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhao Yuhong , Cheng Yongjia , Sheng Yuguo , Xu Yingjiang , Zhao Kun , Chen Gang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
(1) Background：Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant challenge in the field of oncology despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment with surgical resection, liver transplantation, and various local therapies. Advanced HCC is particularly difficult to manage due to the lack of suitable molecular targets and drug resistance, which negatively impact prognosis. Glycosylation, an essential post-translational modification of proteins, has been implicated in HCC tumor biology, including tumor invasion, metabolism, and the immune response. This study aims to investigate the relationship between glycosylation-related genes, the immune microenvironment, and the prognosis of HCC, with the potential to identify novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
(2) Methods and results：The TCGA database were utilized to acquire clinical data and glycosylation-related gene expression data of HCC patients, which were then used to stratify patients into high- and low-immune subgroups based on their immune score, level, and status using ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and ssGSEA analyses. We found that a higher immune score, level, and status were associated with a better prognosis for HCC patients. To identify potential prognostic biomarkers, we applied univariate Cox regression analysis, the LASSO algorithm, and multivariate Cox regression analysis to generate a list of eight candidate genes, which were then used to establish a prognostic risk model. Additionally, a prognostic nomogram was developed that successfully predicted the survival and prognosis of HCC patients. The identification of glycosylation-related genes and their association with the immune microenvironment in HCC offers promising clinical implications for the development of novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
(3) Conclusions: The observed correlation between glycosylation-related genes and the immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma holds promising implications for clinical prediction. These findings suggest that glycosylation-related genes may serve as important biomarkers for predicting the immune response in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
Post-injection intramuscular abscess with bacteremia caused by Salmonella enterica in an HIV-infected patient
Authors: Escoda Thomas , Delord Marion , Stavris Chloé , Genot Séverine , Allemand Julie , Philibert Patrick , Chiche Laurent , Rebaudet Stanislas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Salmonella enterica infections are mainly responsible for enteric fever (Typhi and Paratyphi serovars) and foodborne enterocolitis or gastroenteritis (Typhimurium and Enteritidis serovars). The main mode of transmission is through food but rarer modes of transmission, in particular nosocomial, are possible.
Case presentation:
We described an original case of Salmonella enterica (serovar Enteritidis) bacteraemia due to an intramuscular and subcutaneous abscess related to an injection, in a care setting, in an HIV patient. Outcomes were favourable with third generation cephalosporin antibiotic therapy and ultrasound-guided puncture and drainage of the abscess.
Conclusion
This case illustrates the risks associated with the reuse of syringes in resource-limited countries and the need for prevention campaigns and provision of the necessary means to reduce injections-associated bacterial and viral infections.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Malaria Prevention and Control in selected communities in Margibi and Montserrado Counties, Liberia
Authors: McClain James , Pewee Forkpah , Saah-Bonkie Anthony 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Malaria is endemic, with 228 million cases. Malaria, the nation's greatest killer, is deeply ingrained. Malaria causes 42% of outpatient visits and 30% of inpatient fatalities in Liberia.
Objective
To measure resident malaria knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.
Methodology:
In Montserrado County and Margibi County, respectively, 173 households participated in a community-based cross-sectional survey in Chicken Soup Factory, Borbor, and Cotton Tree. A face-to-face interview with a survey questionnaire collected data on participants' demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and malaria prevention and control methods.
Results
99.0% of Cotton Tree, 97.9% of Chicken Soup Factory, and 92.9% of Borbor Island locals knew malaria prevention and control well. 6.30% of Cotton Tree, 8.30% of Chicken Soup Factory, and 3.60% of Borbor Island people use mosquito nets. 45.1% of Cotton Tree, 2.1% of Chicken Soup Factory, and 3.6% of Borbor Island homeowners never clean stagnant water surrounding their homes. 95.8% of Chicken Soup Factory and 89.3% of Borbor Island participants know and understand malaria control. Malaria control was excellent at Chicken Soup Factory and Borbor Island.
Conclusion
Although malaria is life-threatening, we require community awareness to offer enough information on control and prevention due to misconceptions regarding control and prevention.
Bayesian approach for evaluation of lactation curve in cross bred cattle based on bimonthly test day milk yield
Authors: S Aruna T , Deb S M , Malhotra Ravinder , Yousuf Saleem , S Anand T 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In field progeny testing program milk recording at monthly or bimonthly intervals and prediction of first lactation 305-day milk yield (FL305DMY) from these test day yields have been adapted as an alternative to daily milk recording. Wood’s incomplete gamma function is the one of the commonly used nonlinear lactation curve model. In recent years Bayesian approach of fitting nonlinear biological models is gaining attention among researchers. In this study Wood’s incomplete gamma function was fitted using Bayesian approach using monthly (MTDY) and bimonthly test day (BTDY) yields. The lactation curve parameters thus obtained were used for prediction of FL305DMY. Efficiency of prediction based on monthly and bimonthly test day milk yield were compared using error of prediction. It was found to be 5.78% and 7.59% as root mean square error (RMSE) values based on MTDY and BTDY respectively .The Breeding values of 97 Karan Fries sires were estimated using BLUP-AM based on actual and predicted FL305DMY so obtained. The RMSE was calculated as the difference between estimated breeding values based on actual and predicted yield. It was found that RMSE value calculated based on MTDY showed only a marginal superiority of 0.79% over BTDY and showed high degree of correlation with actual yield. So, recording at bimonthly intervals could be an economical alternative without compromising the efficiency.
Clinical significance of blood and urine testing for cytomegalovirus in pediatric patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia and cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Lu Yanhong , Chen Feng , Ruan Linan , Gu Lingtong , Wang Ting , Dong Heting , Wang Yuqing , Hao Chuangli , Huang Li , Yan Yongdong , Sun Huiming , Chen Zhengrong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of detecting cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the blood and urine of pediatric patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and CMV infection.
Methods
This retrospective case-control study enrolled consecutive pediatric patients admitted with CAP with a positive test result for CMV DNA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The study participants were further divided into two groups based on CMV serological test results: active CMV infection group and CMV replication group. Clinical characteristics were compared between these two groups. The Kruskal–Wallis test or Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare non-normally distributed continuous variables. The Chi-squared test was used to assess differences in categorical variables. The correlations between CMV copy number and ALT were determined using the Spearman correlation analysis.
Results
Among 124 patients aged 1–11 months included in this study, 80 (64.5%) patients were categorized as having an active CMV infection and 44 (35.5%) as positive for CMV replication. Co-infection with other pathogens was detected more frequently with CMV replication (n = 29, 65.9%) compared with active CMV infection (n = 35, 43.7%; P = 0.018). Patients with active CMV infection were younger and exhibited higher levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase compared with patients with CMV replication (all P < 0.05). The median CMV DNA copy numbers in both blood and urine were higher in patients with active CMV infection than in patients with CMV replication (all P < 0.05). Both the blood and urine CMV DNA copy numbers showed a positive association with ALT (r = 0.237, P = 0.017 for blood and r = 0.309, P = 0.033 for urine).
Conclusions
Measurement of CMV DNA in blood and urine may be an effective method for monitoring liver function impairment in patients presenting with CAP and concurrent CMV infection.
Enhancing Population Health Experience for Nursing Students through an Indirect Supervision Model
Authors: Hay Jonathan , Knight Kate H. , Arnold Mark , Donaghy-Binks Pamela 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
The 2018 Standards for Student Supervision and Assessment can make it difficult for Higher Education Institutions to fill national deficits in student placement capacity, especially in social care and the voluntary sector. The Indirect Placement Supervision and Assessment Model and its holistic focus helps redress this deficit.
Methods
A Microsoft Forms survey was distributed to a self-selecting sample of students, placement providers, and university staff, all of whom had been involved in indirect supervision as either an assessor, student, or supervisor.
Results
Three key themes emerged from the data collected; responses suggested that the model generated greater placement variety, increased placement capacity, and brought about reciprocal gains in the learner-supervisor matrix.
Conclusion
The data gathered indicates that the indirect model is a highly efficient means of providing holistic health and social care-based placements for pre-registrants. It likewise indicates that the model firmly aligns with the future-oriented focus of the new NHS Long Term Workforce Plan. We subsequently recommend that uptake of the model continues at pace.