bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polysaccharide‐based biomaterials in a journey from3Dto4Dprinting
Authors: Shokrani Hanieh , Shokrani Amirhossein , Seidi Farzad , Mashayekhi Mohammad , Kar Saptarshi , Nedeljkovic Dragutin , Kuang Tairong , Saeb Mohammad Reza , Mozafari Masoud 
Published: March 2023

Abstract3D printing is a state‐of‐the‐art technology for the fabrication of biomaterials with myriad applications in translational medicine. After stimuli‐responsive properties were introduced to 3D printing (known as 4D printing), intelligent biomaterials with shape configuration time‐dependent character have been developed. Polysaccharides are biodegradable polymers sensitive to several physical, chemical, and biological stimuli, suited for 3D and 4D printing. On the other hand, engineering of mechanical strength and printability of polysaccharide‐based scaffolds along with their aneural, avascular, and poor metabolic characteristics need to be optimized varying printing parameters. Multiple disciplines such as biomedicine, chemistry, materials, and computer sciences should be integrated to achieve multipurpose printable biomaterials. In this work, 3D and 4D printing technologies are briefly compared, summarizing the literature on biomaterials engineering though printing techniques, and highlighting different challenges associated with 3D/4D printing, as well as the role of polysaccharides in the technological shift from 3D to 4D printing for translational medicine.
Recent Advances in the Catalytic Synthesis of 1,3‐Diamines
Authors: Yang Beiqi , Yu Aiwen , Wang Yuanhua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract1,3‐Diamines are important for many biologically active molecules, but there have been fewer studies on the synthesis of 1,3‐diamines than those on the synthesis of 1,2‐diamines. Relatively speaking, there are not sufficient reports on non‐catalytic methods in this direction. Among various methods, the catalytic construction of diamine products from nitrogen‐containing substrates is the most straightforward, but it suffers from the need to pre‐synthesize nitrogen‐containing substrates and is therefore narrowly used. For non‐specialized substrates, the direct construction of C−N bonds by metal‐ or non‐metal‐catalyzed C−H functionalization is undoubtedly the most efficient approach. This method is currently focused on monofunctionalization, but less has been reported for the simultaneous construction of multiple C−N bonds. Here, we summarize some innovative methods for the synthesis of 1,3‐diamines that have been developed in the past five years, encompassing various directions such as non‐catalytic reaction and metal‐ or non‐metal catalyzed reaction.
Effectiveness of informational interviewing for facilitating networking self‐efficacy in university students
Authors: Kanar Adam M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNetworking helps people explore careers and find jobs. To date, the scientific literature has described few evidence‐based techniques for boosting networking self‐efficacy in university students. Here, two studies assessed the effectiveness of informational interviewing as a theory‐based technique for improving networking self‐efficacy. Study 1 (n = 90) used a pre–post, quasi‐experimental design and found participants who conducted a virtual informational interview with business professionals reported higher networking self‐efficacy at posttest than participants in a comparison condition. Study 2 (n = 72) used a single‐group design with three measurement occasions and found self‐reported learning during an in‐person informational interview moderated the relationship between participants’ pre‐ and posttest networking self‐efficacy. Results suggest that informational interviewing can be an effective technique for increasing networking self‐efficacy among university students.
Better Peptides via Chemical Glycosylation: Somatostatin Analogues Having a Human Complex‐Type N‐Glycan with Improved Drug Properties
Authors: Ochiai Hirofumi , Shimoda Taiji , Fukae Kazuhiro , Maeda Masatoshi , Ishii Kazuyuki , Yoshida Kenta , Tezuka Katsunari , Tazuru Keisuke , Saijo Hayato , Asai Hiroaki , Kanatani Akio , Nishiuchi Yuji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSomatostatin (somatotropin release‐inhibiting factor, SRIF) is a growth hormone inhibitory factor in the form of a 14‐ or 28‐amino acid peptide. SRIF affects several physiological functions through its action on five distinct SRIF receptor subtypes (sst1–5). Native SRIF has only limited clinical applications due to its rapid degradation in plasma. To overcome this obstacle, we have developed glycosylated SRIF analogues that possess not only metabolic stability but also high affinity to all five receptor subtypes by attaching human complex‐type oligosaccharides. Such glycosylated SRIF analogues with improved pharmacokinetic profiles could be potent and novel therapeutic drugs for SRIF‐related diseases in which several SRIF receptor subtypes are closely involved, and also shed light on new indications. Our results show that chemical glycosylation can be a powerful tool for the development of peptide and protein analogues superior to the original molecules with enhanced drug properties.
Obese asthma phenotypes display distinct plasma biomarker profiles
Authors: Björkander Sophia , Klevebro Susanna , Hernandez‐Pacheco Natalia , Kere Maura , Ekström Sandra , Sparreman Mikus Maria , van Hage Marianne , James Anna , Kull Inger , Bergström Anna , Mjösberg Jenny , Tibbitt Christopher Andrew , Melén Erik 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundObese asthma is a complex phenotype and further characterization of the pathophysiology is needed. This study aimed to explore inflammation‐related plasma biomarkers in lean and overweight/obese asthmatics.MethodsWe elucidated levels of inflammation‐related plasma proteins in obese asthma phenotypes in the population‐based cohort BAMSE (Swedish: Children, Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiology) using data from 2069 24‐26‐year‐olds. Subjects were divided into lean asthma (n = 166), lean controls (n = 1440), overweight/obese asthma (n = 73) and overweight/obese controls (n = 390). Protein levels (n = 92) were analysed using the Olink Proseek Multiplex Inflammation panel.ResultsOf the 92 included proteins, 41 were associated with lean and/or overweight/obese asthma. The majority of proteins associated with overweight/obese asthma also associated with overweight/obesity among non‐asthmatics. Beta‐nerve growth factor (BetaNGF), interleukin 10 (IL‐10), and matrix metalloproteinase 10 (MMP10) were associated only with lean asthma while C‐C motif chemokine 20 (CCL20), fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), interleukin 5 (IL‐5), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 9 (TNFRSF9), and urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) were associated only with overweight/obese asthma. Overweight/obesity modified the association between asthma and 3 of the proteins: fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), interleukin 4 (IL‐4), and urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA). In the overweight/obese group, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) was associated with non‐allergic asthma but not allergic asthma.ConclusionThese data indicate distinct plasma protein phenotypes in lean and overweight/obese asthmatics which, in turn, can impact upon therapeutic approaches.
General analysis of LC oscillator with active and passive transconductance amplification
Authors: Kiani Vosta Pezhman , Miar‐Naimi Hossein , Javadi Mohsen 
Published: March 2023

SummaryIn this paper, a comprehensive analysis of oscillation frequency, oscillation amplitude, and phase noise is conducted for an LC cross‐coupled oscillator with unequal inductors, active and passive transconductance amplification structure, and very low phase noise. In this study, for the first time, a complete analysis of the phase noise of this oscillator is presented using a novel method that does not require complex simulations to calculate the Impact Sensitivity Function (ISF) and phase noise, and as a result, a closed‐form equation is extracted for the phase noise. The calculated results are compared with the corresponding simulations to evaluate the validity of the extracted equations. Using the closed‐form phase noise equation as well as the oscillation frequency, designers can comprehend the design trade‐offs and design an oscillator for specific phase noise and oscillation frequency. The proposed method of calculating the ISF is also applicable and valid for other second‐order oscillators. In the following, the structure of the proposed oscillator is designed and simulated using the standard 0.18‐μm CMOS technology with a 1.8‐
power supply and 575.2‐MHz oscillation frequency to have the optimal coupling coefficient in terms of the phase noise and oscillation amplitude. The simulation results as well as the analyses performed based on the phase noise and oscillation amplitude parameters show that the structure proposed in this study provides a better performance with a much lower phase noise comparing with the structure of a conventional cross‐coupled oscillator as well as the proposed cross‐coupled oscillator with equal inductors.
Overlapping outbreaks of multiple bark beetle species are rarely more severe than single‐species outbreaks
Authors: Tutland Niko J. , Rodman Kyle C. , Andrus Robert A. , Hart Sarah J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBiotic disturbances that overlap in space and time may result in important shifts in forest structure and composition, with potential effects on many ecosystem services. Starting in the late 1990s, outbreaks of multiple bark beetle species caused widespread mortality of three co‐occurring conifer species in the ca. 40,000‐km2 subalpine zone of the southern Rocky Mountains (SRM), USA. To better understand the implications of such outbreaks, our goal was to determine if overlapping outbreaks of multiple bark beetle species caused greater tree mortality than single‐species outbreaks in stands with multiple susceptible host tree species. We mapped stand susceptibility to outbreaks of spruce beetle (SB, Dendroctonus rufipennis), mountain pine beetle (MPB, Dendroctonus ponderosae), and western balsam bark beetle (WBBB, Dryocoetes confusus) by combining aerial survey data and forest composition variables in a random forest modeling framework. Then, we used existing maps of cumulative forest mortality from bark beetles to investigate the extent and severity of overlapping outbreaks from 1999 to 2019. We found that 46% of stands with two or more of the three studied hosts species—Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii), lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia), or subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa)—were susceptible to overlapping outbreaks (25% of all sampled stands). Of those stands, 31% experienced outbreaks of two or more beetle species. Stands affected by outbreaks of both MPB and SB had higher tree mortality than stands affected by one species alone, though stands susceptible to both MPB and SB were uncommon (<4% of all sampled stands). No other combinations of beetle outbreaks increased tree mortality above levels caused by single‐species outbreaks. Thus, contrary to expectations, overlapping outbreaks were rarely more severe than single‐species outbreaks in the SRM. This suggests that diverse forest communities may buffer against the most severe effects of bark beetle outbreaks, even during warm, dry conditions.
Cytokines enhance human Vγ9Vδ2 T‐cell TCR‐dependent and TCR‐independent effector functions
Authors: Field Kirsty R. , Wragg Kathleen M. , Lee Wen Shi , Rigau Marc , Uldrich Adam P. , Kent Stephen J. , Juno Jennifer A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVγ9Vδ2 T cells can recognize various molecules associated with cellular stress or transformation, providing a unique avenue for the treatment of cancers or infectious diseases. Nonetheless, Vγ9Vδ2 T‐cell‐based immunotherapies frequently achieve suboptimal efficacies in vivo. Enhancing the cytotoxic effector function of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells is one potential avenue through which the immunotherapeutic potential of this subset may be improved. We compared the use of four pro‐inflammatory cytokines on the effector phenotype and functions of in vitro expanded Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, and demonstrated TCR‐independent cytotoxicity mediated through CD26, CD16, and NKG2D, which could be further enhanced by IL‐23, IL‐18, and IL‐15 stimulation throughout expansion. This work defines promising culture conditions that could improve Vγ9Vδ2 T‐cell‐based immunotherapies and furthers our understanding of how this subset might recognize and target transformed or infected cells.
Influence of gravity connections and damper activation forces on the seismic behavior of steel CBF buildings with dissipative floor connectors
Authors: Paronesso Martina , Lignos Dimitrios G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the influence of typical gravity connections on the seismic demands of steel concentrically braced frame (CBF) buildings with friction dampers as dissipative floor connectors. The investigated connections include (i) typical shear tab, (ii) clip angle, (iii) flush end‐plate and (iv) shear tab connections with bottom T‐stub. It is shown that the seismic behavior of the gravity framing system (GFS) is practically insensitive to the gravity connection type because the supplemental damping provided by the dissipative floor connectors dominates the seismic response of the GFS. While flush end‐plate and shear tab connections with bottom T‐stub generally exhibit smaller rotational demands than more flexible gravity connections, the resultant lateral drift demands in the GFS are more‐or‐less identical in all cases due to the elastic contribution of the gravity columns. A simplified method is proposed to evaluate the influence of the damper activation forces on the seismic response of multi‐story CBF buildings equipped with floor sliding friction dampers. First, the building is transformed into an equivalent single‐degree‐of‐freedom system. Subsequently, dual graphics called P‐spectra are generated through nonlinear response history analysis. These graphics allow to estimate the peak floor absolute acceleration demands and peak/residual roof displacements of the GFS as a function of the activation forces of the sliding friction dampers. An application example demonstrates that the proposed method can be reliably employed in a pre‐design phase to identify the range of damper activation forces through which an optimal performance of the steel CBF building may be anticipated.
Physicochemical, thermal, and functional properties of gari (fermented‐cassava product) enriched with cowpea hull at different stages of production
Authors: Olapade Gbemileke M. , Karim Olayinka R. , Olawuyi Ibukunoluwa F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGari was produced using the traditional method and enriched with freshly produced cowpea hull in wet form to improve the nutritional composition. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of stages of inclusion of cowpea hull on some quality attributes of gari. Factorial design of two stages of inclusion (before and after fermentation) with four levels (0%, 3%, 5% and 7%) of cowpea hull treatments and standard methods were used to analyze the gari. Stages of inclusion of cowpea hull had a significant (p < 0.05) effects on lightness (L*) which reduced as percentage of cowpea hull increased while redness (a*), yellowness (b*) and change in colour increased as cowpea hull increased. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows a diverse functional group with more than five peaks in the graph. Thermal properties reduced as percentage of cowpea hull increased in the fermented cowpea hulls samples and increased in unfermented which was evident in the pasting properties (1275–2143 RVU, 93–271 RVU, 5.92–6.97 min and 51.70–95.06°C for peak viscosity, breakdown, peak time and temperature), respectively. Enrichment of gari using 5% cowpea hull fermented with the cassava mash is therefore recommended.
A case report of simultaneous robot‐assisted nephroureterectomy and robot‐assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy
Authors: Yajima Shugo , Nakanishi Yasukazu , Takenaka Shin , Koike Yuki , Odajima Suguru , Okubo Naoya , Umino Yosuke , Kataoka Madoka , Tanabe Hiroshi , Masuda Hitoshi 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionRobot‐assisted surgery is spreading across surgical specialities as a less invasive alternative to conventional laparoscopic and open surgery.Case presentationIn this report, robot‐assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy and robot‐assisted nephroureterectomy were performed simultaneously for a 69‐year‐old Japanese female with giant cervical polyp and ureteral cancer. All specimens could be removed from the vagina. The operative time was 379 min, the estimated intraoperative blood loss was 29 mL, and the patient was discharged on the sixth postoperative day without complications.ConclusionWe reported our experience with simultaneous robot‐assisted nephroureterectomy and robot‐assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of simultaneous robot‐assisted nephroureterectomy and robot‐assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy surgery.
A review of high‐speed optical imaging technology for the analysis of ultrasound contrast agents in an acoustic field
Authors: Bellotti Adriano 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStabilized microbubbles were commercialized over 30 years ago for use as contrast agents in ultrasound imaging. In recent years, interest in microbubble–acoustic interactions has expanded to applications not only in ultrasound imaging but also in drug and gene delivery. To understand the interaction of a microbubble and ultrasonic field, scientists optically observe the behavior of microbubbles during acoustic excitation. Because of the fast oscillations of microbubbles in ultrasound fields, the application of ultra‐high‐speed photography is required to capture bubble behavior. This manuscript reviews the approaches, challenges, and progress in high‐speed imaging systems utilized for microbubble analysis, focusing on innovations in camera technology.
Monetary economy and budget deficit in endogenous growth model
Authors: Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBy an endogenous growth model with two‐period overlapping generations structure and money holding of consumers, we examine the existence of budget deficit in an economy which endogenously grows by investments of firms. The main results are as follows. (1) Budget deficit is necessary for full employment under constant prices. (2) Inflation is induced if the actual budget deficit is greater than the value at which full employment is achieved under constant prices. (3) If the actual budget deficit is smaller than the value which is necessary and sufficient for full employment under constant prices, a recession occurs. Therefore, balanced budget cannot achieve full employment under constant prices. We do not assume that budget deficit must later be made up by budget surplus. This paper is an example of an analysis using a very simple model of the following statement by John Maynard Keynes.“Unemployment develops, that is to say, because people want the moon;—men cannot be employed when the object of desire (i.e. money) is something which cannot be produced and the demand for which cannot be readily choked off. There is no remedy but to persuade the public that green cheese is practically the same thing and to have a green cheese factory (i.e. a central bank) under public control.”In the appendix of this paper, we show that if money as well as goods are produced by capital and labor, budget deficit is not necessary for full employment under constant prices.
An antibody that targets cell‐surface glucose‐regulated protein‐78 inhibits expression of inflammatory cytokines and plasminogen activator inhibitors by macrophages
Authors: Gunner Cory B. , Azmoon Pardis , Mantuano Elisabetta , Das Lipsa , Zampieri Carlotta , Pizzo Salvatore V. , Gonias Steven L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGlucose‐regulated protein‐78 (Grp78) is an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, which is secreted by cells and associates with cell surfaces, where it functions as a receptor for activated α2‐macroglobulin (α2M) and tissue‐type plasminogen activator (tPA). In macrophages, α2M and tPA also bind to the transmembrane receptor, LDL receptor‐related protein‐1 (LRP1), activating a cell‐signaling receptor assembly that includes the NMDA receptor (NMDA‐R) to suppress innate immunity. Herein, we demonstrate that an antibody targeting Grp78 (N88) inhibits NFκB activation and expression of proinflammatory cytokines in bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) treated with the toll‐like receptor‐4 (TLR4) ligand, lipopolysaccharide, or with agonists that activate TLR2, TLR7, or TLR9. Pharmacologic inhibition of the NMDA‐R or deletion of the gene encoding LRP1 (Lrp1) in BMDMs neutralizes the activity of N88. The fibrinolysis protease inhibitor, plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI1), has been implicated in diverse diseases including metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. Deletion ofLrp1independently increased expression of PAI1 and PAI2 in BMDMs, as did treatment of wild‐type BMDMs with TLR agonists. tPA, α2M, and N88 inhibited expression of PAI1 and PAI2 in BMDMs treated with TLR‐activating agents. Inhibiting Src family kinases blocked the ability of both N88 and tPA to function as anti‐inflammatory agents, suggesting that the cell‐signaling pathway activated by tPA and N88, downstream of LRP1 and the NMDA‐R, may be equivalent. We conclude that targeting cell‐surface Grp78 may be effective in suppressing innate immunity by a mechanism that requires LRP1 and the NMDA‐R.
Every planar graph with Δ ${\rm{\Delta }}$ ⩾ 8 is totally (Δ+2) $({\rm{\Delta }}+2)$‐choosable
Authors: Bonamy Marthe , Pierron Théo , Sopena Éric 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTotal coloring is a variant of edge coloring where both vertices and edges are to be colored. A graph is totally ‐choosable if for any list assignment of colors to each vertex and each edge, we can extract a proper total coloring. In this setting, a graph of maximum degree needs at least colors. In the planar case, Borodin proved in 1989 that colors suffice when is at least 9. We show that this bound also holds when is 8.
Pneumonitis and multiple pneumonial infections under combined immune‐checkpoint inhibition
Authors: Mayer Kristine E. , Gan Thomas , Gaa Jochen , Biedermann Tilo , Posch Christian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies has revolutionized melanoma treatment. The downside are immune‐mediated adverse events which are frequent and require close patient management. We report a case of severe immune‐mediated hepatitis and pneumonitis under combined immune‐checkpoint inhibitor therapy requiring immunosuppressive therapy. Under immunosuppressive therapy, however, a series of opportunistic infections occurred. It can be challenging to distinguish the signs of immune‐mediated adverse events of checkpoint inhibitors and pathogen‐mediated inflammation due to overlaps in clinical and laboratory findings. This case has the goal to rise awareness for infectious complications during immunosuppressive therapy needed to address immune‐mediated adverse events of checkpoint inhibitors.