bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Automatic Driving Strategy Optimization Method of High-speed Train Based on Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm
Authors: bai shuai , qiao yaqiong , liang zhiguo , liu qingmeng , guo liang , wang tuo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The existing automatic driving technology of high-speed railway trains has been able to complete the automatic driving of trains in normal scenes. and it has begun to develop in the direction of improving operational efficiency and optimizing driving strategies. Based on the current automatic driving technology, this paper proposes an optimization method of automatic driving strategy for high-speed trains based on artificial fish swarm algorithm, aiming at reducing train energy consumption, improving train parking accuracy, train punctuality and passenger comfort and train speed protection. Firstly, based on train dynamics, the dynamic parameter model of train in running process is described. Through the train dynamic parameter model, combined with the line information such as speed limit, slope and phase separation area, an artificial fish swarm algorithm is designed, which aims at safety, punctuality, energy saving, comfort and parking accuracy. The artificial fish swarm algorithm is used to simulate the optimal driving strategy of train running and generate the train driving curve. Finally, the driving curve simulated by artificial fish swarm algorithm is compared with the driving curve simulated by genetic algorithm and the actual driving curve of Beijing-Shenyang high-speed train, which shows that the proposed method is effective and the convergence speed of artificial fish swarm algorithm is better than that of genetic algorithm.
Sustainable Settlement Area: Threats of Environmental Change Due to Yogyakarta International Airport
Authors: Rusdiyanto Edi , Sumartono Sumartono , Munawir Abdillah 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) is an airport with an aerotropolis concept inspired by the fact that the airport has evolved into a motor of business and urban development. This condition greatly affects the development of settlement areas around YIA. This study aims to analyze changes in land cover area and the sustainability of settlement areas around YIA. This study uses a mapping approach with satellite image interpretation and Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) sustainability analysis with Rap-settlement software. The results of the analysis of changes in land cover from fields/moorlands to built-up land are 94 ha, then garden/plantation land to built-up land is 77 ha and rice fields to built-up land are 23 ha. Changes in the built-up land in the YIA area occur in almost all areas around YIA, especially those directly adjacent to Purworejo Regency. The land changes, mostly follow the aerotropolis planning concept, thus turning the airport area into a new destination for tourists to meet and interact around the airport. The sustainability status of settlement areas around YIA is currently quite sustainable. There are 13 levering attributes that need intervention on the economic, social and ecological dimensions which are sensitive attributes for the sustainability of the development of settlement areas around YIA.
Effectiveness of a telerehabilitation intervention using Recovery APP of Long COVID patients: A randomized, three-month follow-up clinical trial
Authors: Samper-Pardo Mario , León-Herrera Sandra , Oliván-Blázquez Bárbara , Méndez-López Fátima , Domínguez-García Marta , Sánchez-Recio Raquel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background: Long COVID pathology affects patient quality of life. Different telerehabilitation (TR) strategies are being implemented to improve post-COVID symptoms. The main objective of this study is to analyze the efficacy of the ReCoVery Application (APP) over a three-month period. A second objective is to identify significant models associated with improvement.
Methods: An open-label and randomized clinical trial (RCT) was conducted, using two parallel groups. A total of one hundred Long COVID patients participated in the study. Quality of life was the main variable examined. A statistical comparison of pre-three-month groups was made using T-student and chi-square, and linear regressions were performed to analyze the profile of those patients who improved.
Results: Adherence to the ReCoVery APP was low, and was not significantly more effective as compared to no intervention. However, the time of use of the ReCoVery APP, an increase in the self-efficacy construct and health literacy could contribute to the recovery of Long COVID patients.
Conclusion: It is necessary to improve Long COVID patient adherence to TR. Furthermore, future RCTs are still needed to assess the efficacy of TR in these patients.
Association between High Iron Status of pregnant women and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Black Lion Specialized Hospital and Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Debele Betelihem Sime , Endris Bilal Shikur , Mengistu Yalemwork Getnet , Haider Professor Jemal Ali 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Although excess iron in the body is reported to disrupt glucose homeostasis leading to beta cell damage and death such information is unavailable in the studied sites and thus we examined the association between high iron status of pregnant women and occurrence of Gestational Diabetes.
Methods: A hospital based case control study was conducted from March to July 2022 among 128 pregnant women, 64 cases (pregnant women with GDM) and 64 controls (non-GDM pregnant women) in black lion specialized hospital and Gandhi memorial hospital. The data were collected through document reviews, face-to-face interviews and laboratory test were done. SPSS software version 24 was used for data processing and analysis. Binary logistic regressions were used to assess the association between the predictor variables and gestational diabetes mellitus.
Result: A total of 128 of pregnant women comprising of 64 cases and 64 controls were included in the study. The mean age of respondents was 31.17±4.97 year among cases and 27.59±4.70 year among the controls. The concentration of serum ferritin were significantly higher among GDM cases (53.83±23.39 ng/ml) than controls (29.8±18.408 ng/ml). Physical activity AOR (2.68, CI: 1.031-6.96), parity AOR (3.48, CI: 1.197-10.11) and abortion AOR (3.360, CI: 1.25-8.98) were among the significant factors associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion: The occurrence of gestational diabetic mellitus was significantly associated with the higher Serum ferritin levels, while such association was not observed with the hemoglobin level. Thus, it is time to revise the blanket iron supplementation strategy to all pregnant women to avert the odds of developing GDM.
The effects of TMS coil orientation on corticospinal and cortico-cortical excitability of lower limb in healthy adults
Authors: Hall MacGregor , Zoghi M , Perraton L , Kidgell Dawson , Jaberzadeh Shapour 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background:
Previous studies with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) showed that coil orientation can modulate corticospinal and corticocortical excitability of upper limb muscles; however, there is little knowledge about the influence of TMS coil orientation on corticospinal and corticocortical excitability of lower limb muscles.
Aim: To determine the effect of coil orientation on the excitability of corticospinal pathway and intracortical circuits that control tibialis anterior (TA) muscle using paired-pulse TMS.
Methods:
Twelve healthy adults (5 male, 7 female, mean age of 41±20 years) participated in this study. Single or paired-pulse TMS was applied with a figure of eight coil oriented to produce anteroposterior (AP) or posteroanterior (PA) current flow in the left motor cortex to record motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the right TA in one session. The level of short and long-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI and LICI) and also intracortical facilitation (ICF) of corticospinal pathway controlling right TA muscle were measured using AP and PA current flow in the brain.
Results:
The threshold for inducing MEPs in right TA muscle was similar with both AP and PA coil orientation (p>0.05). The level of SICI, LICI and ICF measured by AP or PA coil orientation were similar (p>0.05).
Conclusions:
Using AP or PA current flow by paired-pulse TMS does not change the excitability of corticospinal pathway or intracortical circuits that control the TA muscle.
Cholesterol promoted the proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma by regulating MYADM/c-Myc/MCT1 axis
Authors: Lin Yanliang , Zhang Lizhen , Li Xingkai , Cheng Guangdong , He Mengting , Gao Yushun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCholesterol disorder has been implicated in the progression of lung cancer, the mechanism of which remains largely unknown. In this study, we evidenced that cholesterol promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells (LAC) in vitro, and enhanced LAC metastasis in vivo. Further investigation demonstrated that cholesterol treatment induced the expression of MYADM. Cholesterol-induced interaction between MYADM and Rac1 triggered AKT phosphorylation and c-Myc expression. c-Myc positively regulated the transcriptions of MCT1 and MYADM. MYADM knockdown notably inhibited the expression of Rac1, phosphorylated AKT, c-Myc and MCT1 despite in the presence of cholesterol. Blocking AKT phosphorylation restrained cholesterol-induced the expression of MYADM, Rac1 and c-Myc while AKT activation elevated the levels of MYADM, Rac1 and c-Myc. In addition, MYADM knockdown promoted E-Cadherin expression, and inhibited the expression of β-Catenin, MMP2, MMP9 and vimentin. As expected, inhibiting MYADM significantly attenuated cholesterol-induced proliferation, migration and invasion of LAC in vitro, and reduced high cholesterol diet-induced LAC metastasis in vivo. Intriguingly, MYADM knockdown remarkably decreased the levels of lactate in serum and tumors, confirming the positive regulator of MYADM in MCT1 expression. These results suggested that cholesterol should induce the proliferation and metastasis of LAC by regulating MYADM/Rac1/AKT/c-Myc/MCT1 axis.
Risk prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus with four machine learning models
Authors: Lin Yue , pan congcong , zhang bingsong , rao jiawei , chen wendan , guo junhao , PAN haiyan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeTo construct and compare machine learning models for predicting the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodThe clinical data of 2048 pregnant women who gave birth at Shunde Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Guangdong Medical University between June 2019 and June 2021 were retrospectively collected. Logistic regression, backpropagation neural networks, random forests, and support vector machines were constructed with the R studio and Python software programs. The logistic regression and random forest models were used to identify significant influencing factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive performance and discriminative ability of the models, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to determine goodness of fit.ResultsAge, glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, and activated partial prothrombin time were identified as significant factors associated with GDM. The random forest model had the best prediction effect (accuracy, 78.07%; Youden index, 1.56). In all four models, AUC was greater than 78%. The Hosmer–Lemeshow fit test showed that all four models were a good fit.ConclusionIt was concluded that age, GHB, FBG, WBC, HB, and APTT are the more important related influencing factors or early predictors of gestational diabetes. Among the tested models, random forest was the best one for predicting the risk of GDM in early pregnancy.
The Sarvabad Fault, a new segment along the Main Recent Fault (MRF), Zagros, western Iran
Authors: Eshterabeh Salah , Alipoor Reza 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Main Recent Fault (MRF) is an active right-lateral strike-slip fault system along the Zagros collision in SW Iran. The geometric and kinematic characteristics of this fault are known along most of its segments. However, a part of this fault exposed between the Morvarid and Marivan segments is ambiguous. This paper introduces the Sarvabad fault segment with a length of about 50 km along the NW parts of the MRF. For this purpose, digital elevation model (DEM), detailed structural field data, and the geological mapping were used. These were complemented by morphometric analyses and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The results revealed that the attitude of the Sarvabad Fault is N52°W/80°NE (22°S slip rake angle) in the central and SE parts. In the NW parts of the study area, the strike of this fault changes to N70°W and dips 80°E (25°S slip rake angle). Measuring the morphometric indices and the analysis of their results with the AHP model indicated that the NW parts of the study area have a higher relative tectonic activity than the SE parts. In addition, the parts of the study area along the Sarvabad Fault show a high relative tectonic activity. The most notable reasons for active tectonics along the Sarvabad Fault are V-shaped valleys, fault-line valleys, and asymmetric basins.
Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) among People Living With HIV (PLHIV): a cross-sectional survey to measure in selected Public Hospital of Addis Ababa.
Authors: Tezera Tefera , Wolde Batiru , Endeshaw Mulualem , Hailu Endalew 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In Ethiopia, Antiretroviral Therapy is given free of charge. Lifelong adherence to ART is crucial to upgrade the patient’s health condition and to safeguard the growth of mutated strains of the human immune deficiency viruses that are ART resistant. A person with ART-resistant strains of HIV can spread these to other people, who need more expensive ART with more serious side effects. This study aims to assess the proportion of adherence to ART and identify possible factors related to non-adherence to ART among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Selected Public Hospital of Addis Ababa.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with adults living with HIV receiving free ART at the Selected Public Hospital of Addis Ababa from March to May 2020. Three hundred and eighty-two PLHIV were interviewed using an anonymous questionnaire. The estimation of the adherence rate was based on the information provided by the PLHIV about the intake of medicine during the previous four days. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 statistical software. Frequencies, proportion, mean, and standard deviation, were calculated and used to describe the study. Data was presented by tables and graphs. In order to assess the relationship of independent variables with ART adherence, bivariate, and data analysis were conducted using chi-square tests, and univariate logistic regression for categorical independent variables was used for data analysis. Frequencies and distribution of each variable were calculated by conventional statistical methods. A p-value < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the result was that 86.9% of the participants had optimal adherence and 13.1% had sub-optimal adherence. Our result showed that age, marital status of respondents, and average monthly income are associated with suboptimal adherence to ART. Other factors such as sex, duration of ART, and the use of adherence reminders were not related to ART non-adherence. In order to increase the degree of adherence to ART, strategies should develop on the basis of the findings.
Effect of Air Pollution on Plant Secondary Metabolites in Selected Trees of Delhi
Authors: Lahiri Milinda , Krishna Kalyani 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Air pollution is emerging as one of the most important stresses, particularly in urban areas, of both developed and developing countries. It severely affects plant growth and development besides being a health hazard to humans and animals. Delhi has the dubious distinction of being one of the most polluted cities in the world. Incidentally, it is also one of the green cities with ongoing programs to increase the already considerable forest cover and biodiversity parks. Plants often act as sinks for airborne pollutants, including particulate matter. Hence it is important to evaluate their efficacy in absorbing pollutants and use the promising species for urban plantation. In the present study, the stress tolerance of four common trees of Delhi, growing in three areas with varying pollution levels, was estimated by measuring Plant Secondary Metabolites (PSMs) and the total chlorophyll content of the leaves. Psidium guajava showed a significant increase in the contents of phenols, tannins, and alkaloids with increasing Air Quality Index (AQI). Increased amounts of phenols and flavonoids were observed in Alstonia scholaris, those of phenols and alkaloids in Murraya koenigii, and only of alkaloids in Moringa oleifera. There was a decrease in the total chlorophyll content of the leaves of all four species investigated. P. guajava and A. scholaris can be recommended for plantation along the sides of roads with heavy traffic movement. Since PSMs are seen to accumulate as a defense mechanism against air pollution too, as in various abiotic and biotic stresses, they can be used as biomarkers for stress tolerance in plants. Besides, higher commercial benefits can be accrued from the increased amounts of PSMs from the tree species investigated.
Urine metabolites are correlated with elevated urine inflammatory factors in rheumatoid arthritis at early stage
Authors: Yang Haining , Wang Ziwei , Zou Liang , Yin Luxu Yin , Zhao Yan , Cui Yazhou , Han Jinxiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aim: The levels of urine metabolites, rheumatoid factor (RF) and inflammatory factors are altered in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. However, the level of them has not been quantitatively evaluated yet, as well as the correlation between the urine metabolites, RF and inflammatory factors. This research aims to investigate the urine metabolites and inflammatory factors from patients with OA and early rheumatoid arthritis (e-RA) to explore the relationship between the urine metabolites and RF or inflammatory factors.
Methods: A total of 455 individuals were included in this study. Urine specimen was collected from 190 healthy volunteers, 26 osteoarthritis patients and 239 RA patients in which 37 subjects were diagnosed as early stage RA (e-RA). Metabolites in urine were extracted and analyzed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique. Urine RF and inflammatory factors were measured with MSD V-Plex Proinflammatory Panel 1 Human Kit.
Results: RF and nine of the inflammatory factors were significantly elevated in e-RA compared with OA and controls. Nine kinds of metabolites levels were found to positively correlated with urine RF level, two of which including 2-Methylnaphthalene (r= 0.636, p= 0.00195) and 3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (r= 0.524, p= 0.0149) were significantly elevated in e-RA group.
Conclusion: Urine from e-RA patients exhibited different levels of metabolites, rheumatoid factor (RF) and inflammatory factors from patients without RA and OA. Nine metabolites showed significant positive correlation with RF level. Among these nine metabolites, 2-Methylnaphthalene (r= 0.636, p= 0.00195) and 3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (r= 0.524, p= 0.0149) elevated at early stage of RA, which could serve as a marker for arthritis screening and early diagnostic.
The Mechanism of Food Fraud and Governance: Theory and Evidence
Authors: Chen You-hua , Li Bing , Mishra Ashok Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study constructs and expands the food fraud governance framework, including the risk formation mechanism and fraud regulation system. The risk formation mechanism issues that quantity-quality substitutability is a fundamental condition for food fraud and separates the effects of resource input constraints from information asymmetry. Furthermore, this study considers the roles of penalties and rewards for the quality risk regulation institution. The results show that penalty-based quality regulation design is doomed to be inefficient because it can only mitigate the effects of information asymmetry. Simultaneously, a reward can further alleviate the impact of resource input constraints. Higher food quality is not always better, especially when the resource input is constrained. Further, we conclude that the food-safety risk governance system designed by policymakers should consider the quantity and quality of food simultaneously.
JEL Classification Q18; L15
A simple method for preserving pollen viability and longevity in wheat
Authors: Khan Irum , Sajjad Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Wheat pollen grains have very short longevity and are non-viable after ~30 minute at room temperature and ~60 minutes at 4°C. Pollen grain viability can be prolonged to ~24 hrs with existing anther preservation methods. Herein, we developed a new and very simple method of spike preservation to prolong pollen viability up to 1 week. The present study was evaluated to determine the effect of storage temperature and duration on the viability and in vitro germination of pollen grains of 50 spring wheat genotypes from two preservation methods of pollens viz, Anther preservation method and Spike preservation method. Pollens collected from both methods were stored at room temperature (22°C), fridge (4°C) for 0 and 1 week. Pollen viability were assessed using Alexander staining techniques with both methods at storage conditions 22°C and 4°C. In vitro germination was determined using liquid germination medium with both methods at 4°C. The results revealed that the pollen viability and in vitro germination as determined by Spike preservation method was highest when pollens were stored at 4°C up to 1 week. In addition, in vitro pollen germination and pollen viability significantly reduced as storage duration increased. It was recorded, that no pollen germination was observed under anther preservation method at storage conditions 4°C after 1 week while 2 to 14% pollen germination was obtained by spike preservation method only at 4°C up to 1 week. Based on these results, it is suggested that a storage temperature of 4°C by Spike preservation method for wheat pollen storage is good. The present study would be useful to develop a protocol for the storage of pollen for further use in the conservation and breeding of wheat.