bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of pesticides on non-target organisms
Authors: Wan Nian-Feng , Fu Liwan , Dainese Matteo , Kiær Lars Pødenphant , Hu Yue-Qing , Xin Fengfei , Goulson David , Woodcock Ben , Vanbergen Adam , Spurgeon David , Scherber Christoph 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Although intended to control pests, pesticides affect a phylogenetically diverse range of non-target species contributing to global biodiversity declines1–7. However, the magnitude of this risk is only partly understood. Here, we show that pesticides negatively affect non-target organisms across the tree of life. We analyzed 26,096 effect sizes from 1,705 studies reporting effects of insecticides, fungicides and herbicides on growth, reproduction, behaviour, and other biomarkers of non-target terrestrial and aquatic taxa. Pesticides negatively affected invertebrate and vertebrate animals, seed and spore-producing plants, as well as bacteria and fungi. Pesticides formulated to target a particular taxon negatively affected phylogenetically distant groups, e.g. insecticidal neonicotinoids impacted amphibians, fish, mammals and monocotyledonous plants. The effects were evident for field-realistic exposures, were more pronounced in temperate than tropical regions, and were consistent in magnitude for exposure in aquatic and terrestrial environments. The detection of strong detrimental effects of pesticides across a wide range of non-target organisms questions current regulatory practices. Adoption of sustainable management practices (e.g. agricultural ecological intensification, integrated pest management, and non-pesticide control) may help balance food security alongside reducing dependencies on pesticide with their associated risks to nature.
Naringin and naringenin counteract taxol-induced hepatic liver injury in Wistar rats via suppression of oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation
Authors: Khaled Shimaa S. , Soliman Hanan A. , Abdel-Gabbar Mohammed , Ahmed Noha A. , El-Nahass El-Shaymaa , Ahmed Osama M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the preventing effects of naringin, naringenin and their combination on liver injury induced by Taxol (paclitaxel) in Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats received 2 mg/kg Taxol intraperitoneal injections twice weekly on the second and fifth days of each week for 6 weeks. During the same period as Taxol administration, rats were given naringin, naringenin, or a combination of the two (10 mg/kg b.wt) every other day. Treatment with naringin and/or naringenin reduced the abnormally high serum levels of total bilirubin, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase in Taxol-treated rats. It also significantly increased the level of serum albumin, indicating an improvement in the liver'. The perturbed histological liver changes were markedly improved due to the naringin and/or naringenin treatment in Taxol-administered rats. Additionally, the treatments reduced high hepatic lipid peroxidation and increased liver glutathione content as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Furthermore, the treatments reduced the levels of alpha-fetoprotein and caspase-3, a pro-apoptotic mediator. The naringin and naringenin mixture appeared more effective in improving organ function and structural integrity. In conclusion, naringin and naringenin are suggested to employ their hepatoprotective benefits via boosting the body's antioxidant defense system, reducing inflammation, and suppressing apoptosis.
Effects of biogeographical origin on the flowering phenology of exotic plant communities
Authors: Maruyama Noriko , Uchida Kei , Kawabata Saneyuki , Yasunaga Eriko , Miyazaki Keiko , Fukano Yuya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Although numerous attempts have been made to clarify traits associated with the invasiveness of exotic species, the effect of the biogeographical origin of exotic species on trait variability in invaded regions in a community level remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined how biogeographical origin affects the flowering phenology of exotic herbaceous plant communities. We collected flowering phenology data for herbaceous plants in Japan based on three types of independent data source: records of 537 exotic species from a picture book; records of 319 exotic and native species from field surveys in 1994–2015 conducted using a citizen science approach; and records of 186 exotic and native species from a field survey conducted over a 1-year period. We used generalized linear models to examine the effects of three attributes (family, lifeform, and biogeographical origin) on the flowering phenology of exotic plant communities. For comparisons between exotic and native communities, we included habitat factors in the analyses. The results indicated that biogeographical origin has a significant effect on the flowering phenology of exotic plant communities. In Japan, exotic plants of European origin flower significantly earlier than those of North American origin and native plants. The findings of this study highlight the need to consider biogeographical origin when assessing the traits of exotic species.
Is Unicentric Familial Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma Different from Multicentric?
Authors: Ríos Antonio , Ruiz-Pardo J , Román Andrés Balaguer , Puñal JA , Moreno P , Mercader E , Ferrero E , Morlán MA , Martín J , Durán M , Bravo JM , Casanova D , Salvador-Egea MP , Torregrosa NM , Exposito-Rodríguez A , Martínez-Fernández G , Carrión AM , Vidal O , Herrera F , Ruiz-Merino G , Rodríguez JM 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background. Familial papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (FPTMC) appears to be more aggressive than sporadic papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (SPTMC). However, there are authors who indicate that unicentric FPTMC has a similar prognosis to SPTMC. The objective is to analyze whether unicentric FPTMC has a better prognosis than multicentric FPTMC.
Design and Methods. Type of study: National multicenter longitudinal analytical observational study. Study population: Patients with FPTMC. Study groups: Two groups were compared: Group A (unicentric FPTMC) vs. Group B (multicentric FPTMC). Study variables: It is analyzed whether between the groups there are: a) differentiating characteristics; and b) prognostic differences. Statistical analysis: Cox regression analysis and survival analysis.
Results. Ninety-four patients were included, 44% (n=41) with unicentric FPTMC and 56% (n=53) with multicentric FPTMC. No differences were observed between the groups according to socio-familial, clinical or histological variables. In the group B a more aggressive treatment was performed, with higher frequency of total thyroidectomy (99% vs. 78%; p=0.003), lymph node dissection (41% vs. 15%; p=0.005) and therapy with radioactive iodine (96 % vs. 73%; p=0.002). Tumor stage was similar in both groups (p=0.237), with a higher number of T3 cases in the group B (24% vs. 5%; p=0.009). After a mean follow-up of 90 ± 68.95 months, the oncological results were similar, with a similar disease persistence rate (9% vs. 5%; p=0.337), disease recurrence rate (21% vs. 8%; p=0.159) and disease-free survival (p=0.075).
Conclusions. Unicentric FPTMC should not be considered as a SPTMC due to its prognosis is similar to multicentric FPTMC.
Using Proportional Jaccard Indices to Identify Comorbidity Patterns of Heart Failure
Authors: Tang Yueh , Fujita Hamido , Mitra Prasenjit , Pai Tun-Wen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Remote diagnosis and precision preventive medicine have become some of the most important clinical medicine applications in the post-COVID-19 era. This study aims to develop a digital health monitoring tool using electronic medical records (EMRs) as the basis for conducting non-random correlation analysis among different comorbidity patterns for heart failure (HF). Novel similarity indices, including the multiplication of the odds ratio, proportional Jaccard index (OPJI), and alpha proportional Jaccard index (APJI), were proposed and used as key indicators to build various machine learning models for predicting HF risk conditions. Multiple prediction models were constructed for high-risk HF predictions according to stratified subjects in different age groups and sexes. The results showed that the best prediction model achieved an accuracy of 82.1% and an AUC of 0.87. A noninvasive prediction system for HF risk conditions was proposed using historical EMRs. The proposed indices provide simple and straightforward comparative indicators for comorbidity pattern-matching based on personal EMRs. All of the developed source codes for the noninvasive prediction models can be retrieved from GitHub1.
Good correlation between necessary remifentanil concentrations in individual patients determined from sedative-analgesic interactions using pharmacokinetic simulations and the remifentanil concentrations used at anesthesiologists’ discretion
Authors: Matsuki Yuka , Nagata Osamu , Shigemi Kenji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Analgesic and sedative agents interact with each other, and their relationship is explained in a curve convex below. In the automated control anesthesia system based on this relationship that we developed, the dose of analgesic is adjusted with the necessary remifentanil concentration, determined with propofol-remifentanil interactions, as an estimated maximal individual concentration (esMIC). With the system, a study in patients under anesthesia management by an anesthesiologist was conducted to compare the effect-site concentration (ESC) of remifentanil administered at the anesthesiologist’s discretion and the esMIC calculated with drug-drug interactions for their relationship and to assess whether the analgesic dose administered based on esMIC is appropriate.
Methods
In the present study involving 20 patients, anesthesiologists changed the propofol (P) infusion rate and remifentanil (R) infusion rate to maintain BIS value of 45. The estimated target-effect-site concentration of propofol for maintaining BIS 45 and the ESC of remifentanil (ESC_R) based on the model by Minto et al. were calculated. Moreover, with these data sets, the isodynamic curve of ESC of propofol (ESC_P) for maintaining BIS 45 (Y) and ESC_R (X) was determined to be an equilateral hyperbola (Y = c/(X − a) + b). With the ESC_R at which even raising ESC_R would result in small decreases in ESC_P considered the esMIC, the ESC_R at the point at which the slope of this curve is − 1 (neutral point) and at the point of the curve where the y-component deviation of the asymptote (y = b) is 20% (esMIC20) was calculated every 6 seconds. The ESC_R at the time point of an adequate analgesic state as deemed by the anesthesiologist after anesthesia had been started for 15 minutes was compared with the esMIC20 determined by objective calculations.
Results
The ESC_R and esMIC20 were 11.9 ± 2.4 and 11.6 ± 2.0 ng/ml, respectively. Moreover, the median ESC_R and esMIC20 in the patients showed a very good correlation (correlation coefficient R² = 0.88, p < 0.01).
Conclusions
The necessary analgesic concentrations estimated with drug-drug interactions did not contradict those determined at anesthesiologists’ discretion and are considered to assure a reasonable analgesic state.
Side-scan Sonar Underwater Target Segmentation Using the BHP-UNet
Authors: Tang Yulin , WANG Liming , LI Houpu , Bian Shaofeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Although target detection algorithms based on deep learning have achieved good results in the detection of side-scan sonar underwater targets, their false and missed detection rates are high for multiple densely arranged and overlapping underwater targets. To address this problem, a side-scan sonar underwater target segmentation model based on the Blended Hybrid dilated convolution and Pyramid split attention U-Net (BHP-UNet) algorithm is proposed in this paper. First, the blended hybrid dilated convolution module is adopted to improve the ability of the model to learn deep semantics and shallow features while improving the receptive field. Second, the pyramid split attention module is introduced to establish a long-term dependency between global and local information while processing multi-scale spatial features. Three sets of experimental results show that the BHP-UNet model proposed in this paper has better segmentation performance than the conventional fully convolutional network, U-Net, and DeepLabv3+ models, and it is able to segment dense and overlapping targets to a certain extent. The proposed model will have significance as a guide for practical applications.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Prognostic Values and Immune Implication of ESYT3 in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Xuedong , Chen Jianlin , Meng Jie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives: Few studies have reported the association between ESYT3 and tumors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular features and potential roles of ESYT3 in lung adenocarcinoma.
Methods: GEPIA, UALCAN, KM Plotter and TCGA databases were primarily used to study ESYT3 mRNA expression profiles and prognostic values in patients with LUAD. Then we evaluated coexpressed genes of ESYT3 by cBioPortal online tools and performed enrichment analysis using Metascape. Moreover, the relationship between ESYT3 and immune infiltrating cells was explored via TIMER2. Finally, MethSurv database were used to conduct methylation analysis.
Results: We found ESYT3 was down-regulated in LUAD tissues based on TCGA and GEPIA databases. Low expression of ESYT3 mRNA was observed to be significantly correlated with N classification and stage classification. GEPIA2, KM Plotter and UALCAN databases showed that low expression levels of ESYT3 was associated with poor survival in LUAD patients. The enrichment analysis indicated that co-expressed genes of ESYT3 were highly enriched in cell division. Then, our study showed ESYT3 was correlated with immune infiltration and immune checkpoints. Additionally, hypomethylation was associated with low ESYT3 expression and poor prognosis in LUAD.
Conclusion: This study suggested ESYT3 could be a potential prognostic marker and a promising therapeutic target in LUAD.
Helicopter Performance Enhancement by Improving Retreating Blade Stall Using Active Flow Control
Authors: soltan tarek , Abdelrahman mohamed , Hassan yasser 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In conventional helicopter there are many operation limits and constraints, one of them is the retreating blade stall. it is the phenomena of aggressive separation on the blade in the retreating side in the blade travel which is a result of high angle of attack combined with low relative velocity occurs in the retreating side. This phenomenon limits the helicopter forward speed, which after exceeding that limit helicopter start to roll and excessive vibration occurs and dangerous situations is happening. In this study a model is created numerically to study the effect of active flow control over helicopter blade to improve the retreating blade stall. Active flow control applied to helicopter blades determines if this technology is applicable and can improve retreating blade stall alongside overall helicopter performance. Models are built in 2D and 3D and numerically evaluated and compared with complete helicopter main rotor hub with known geometry and available performance parameters by NASA test rigs. Results shows a good impact of applying this technique on the stall in the 2D simulation which gives improving in aerodynamics which lead to overall performance enhancement represented by lift to drag ratio over the airfoil simulated in this study. A three-dimensional model with given geometry from NACA report for comparison and validation. Result in 3D model gives good matching results with available parameter for the benchmark cases and also desired enhancement reached in the controlled cases which separation delayed and aerodynamic parameters improved.
A neuromusculoskeletal modelling approach to bilateral hip mechanics due to unexpected lateral perturbations during overground walking
Authors: Zhu Yunchao , Huang Ji , Ma Xin , Chen Wen-Ming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Current studies on how external perturbations impact gait dynamics have primarily focused on the changes in the body's center of mass (CoM) during treadmill walking. The biomechanical responses, in particular to the multi-planar hip joint coordination, following perturbations in overground walking conditions are not completely known.
Methods
In this study, a customized gait-perturbing device was designed to impose controlled lateral forces onto the subject’s pelvis during overground walking. The biomechanical responses of bilateral hip were simulated by subject-specific neuromusculoskeletal models (NMS) driven by in-vivo motion data, which were further evaluated by statistical parameter mapping (SPM) and muscle coactivation index (CI) analysis. The validity of the subject-specific NMS was confirmed through comparison with measured surface electromyography signals.
Results
Following perturbations, the sagittal-plane hip motions were reduced for the leading leg by 18.39° and for trailing leg by 8.23°, while motions in the frontal and transverse plane were increased, with increased hip abduction for the leading leg by 10.71° and external rotation by 9.06°, respectively. For the hip kinetics, both the bilateral hip joints showed increased abductor moments during midstance (20%-30% gait cycle) and decreased values during terminal stance (38%-48%). Muscle CI in both sagittal and frontal planes were significantly decreased for perturbed walking (p < 0.05), except for the leading leg in sagittal plane.
Conclusion
The gait phase-dependent biomechanical response of hip appeared to be well coordinated and effective for balance recovering during perturbations. And the changes in muscle CI suggested a potential mechanism for rapid and precise control of foot placement through modulation of joint stiffness properties. These findings obtained during actual overground perturbation conditions could have implications for the improved design of symbiotic devices for balance assistance.
Effect of Clostridium Butyricum to promote the intestinal barrier of DSS colitis by regulating endogenous hydrogen sulfide enzyme
Authors: Shen Yuanyuan , Cheng Kai , Li Lixia , Sun Huabo , Liu Chengxia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Although Clostridium Butyricum ameliorates active ulcerative colitis (UC), the precise mechanism remains largely unclear. To investigate the mechanism of Clostridium Butyricum in protecting intestinal barrier of DSS colitis by regulating endogenous hydrogen sulfide enzyme.
Methods
Forty C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into control group, DSS colitis group, low-dose (107CFU/ml) Clostridium Butyricum group and high-dose (108CFU/ml) Clostridium Butyricum group. We use qRT-PCR and Western blot to assess the expression of CSE and CBS as endogenous hydrogen sulfide enzyme in colonic tissue of each group. However, the expression of ZO-1,Occludin, E-cadherin, Lypd8, MIF and DAI score, colon length, histological damage were separately used to evaluate the epithelial tighten junction, mucous barrier and epithelial inflammation in intestine.
Result
Both high-dose and low-dose live Clostridium Butyricum could significantly diminish the expression of CSE, CBS of colonic tissue in DSS colitis (P<0.05). The live Clostridium Butyricum dose-dependently inhibited the colonic length shorten, DAI scores and histological damage of DSS colitis with down-regulating the expression of MIF and increasing the expression of ZO-1, Occludin, E-cadherin and Lypd8 in DSS colitis (P<0.05).
Conclusions
The live Clostridium Butyricum ameliorates DSS colitis by suppressing the expression of CSE and CBS with the mechanism related to regulate the epithelial mucous barrier protein, protect the epithelial tighten junction and inhibit the inflammatory factor with the possible down-regulating the expression of hydrogen sulfide (H2S).
Unveil the role of structural vacancy in Mn-based Prussian blue for energy storage application
Authors: Gao Chongwei , Chen Ming , Wang Xunan , Zhang Guobing , Tan Xi , Zhang Shuhua , Li Jiantao , Feng Guang , Zhai Dengyun , Kang Feiyu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) are promising cathode materials for monovalent- and multivalent-ion batteries due to the large frame structure. However, the effect of vacancy in lattice on the electrochemical performance has not been clearly elucidated, hindering the further development of PBAs. Here we identify two types of different functional vacancies (defined as structural vacancy and defective vacancy) in Mn-based PBAs (MnHCF) through Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. In-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that MnHCF with structural vacancy has a slighter structural evolution than MnHCF with defective vacancy during cycles. The electrochemical results indicate that the defective vacancy in MnHCF deteriorates the cyclic performance, whereas the structural vacancy favors ion diffusion and helps to stabilize the structure. Moreover, the structure with gradient structural vacancy was successfully introduced to K-rich MnHCF, realizing a high capacity and a remarkable improvement in long-term cyclic stability for alkali metal-ion (Li+/Na+/K+) batteries.
Polygenic risk scores for cervical HPV infection, neoplasia and cancer show potential for personalised screening: Comparison of two methods
Authors: Tisler Anna , Uuskula Anneli , Ojavee Sven Erik , Läll Kristi , team Estonian Biobank research , Laisk Triin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The era of precision medicine requires the achievement of accurate risk assessment. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) have strong potential for increasing the benefits of nationwide cancer screening programs. The current pool of evidence on the role of a PRS as a risk stratification model in actual practice and implementation is limited. To better understand the impact of possible method-induced variance, we constructed and validated two PRSs for cervical cancer (CC) using the Estonian Biobank female population (691 CC cases and 13 820 controls) and evaluated their utility in predicting incident cervical neoplasia (CIN), cancer, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection using two methods (LDPred and BayesRR-RC). This study demonstrated that two genetic risk scores were significantly associated with CIN, CC, and HPV infection incidence. Independent of the method, we demonstrated that women with elevated PRS values reached the observed cumulative risk levels of CIN or CC much earlier. Our results indicated that the PRS-based discrimination rules could differ substantially when the PRSs contain similar predictive information. In summary, our analysis indicated that PRSs represent a personalized genetic component that could be an additional tool for cervical cancer risk stratification, and earlier detection of abnormalities provides invaluable information for those at high risk.