bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estereotipos de género en los temas de investigación en ecología: Un análisis de los últimos 20 años de las Reuniones Argentinas de Ecología
Authors: Spirito Florencia , Meli Paula , Reyes M. Fernanda , Núñez‐Vivanco Gabriel , Beloff Zoe , De Paepe Josefina L. 
Published: June 2023

ResumenAunque Argentina presenta un notable aumento en la comunidad académica, alcanzando el mayor número de personas investigadores per cápita de América Latina, la brecha de género sigue siendo evidente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar y evaluar la evolución de los principales temas de investigación en ecología en Argentina durante los últimos veinte años para analizar si los estereotipos socales de género se reproducen en la selección de los temas de investigación. Se analizaron cuatro libros de resúmenes de la Reunione Argentinas de Ecología de los últimos veinte años y se identificó el género de l primer autor/la primera autora y de los y las coautores. Se utilizó el Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural para analizar las asociaciones de género con las 16.319 palabras que aparecen en los 2.208 títulos de los resúmenes. El número medio de coautoras fue siempre mayor en los resúmenes de trabajos liderados por mujeres, aunque la proporción de coautoras respecto al total de autores aumentó más en los resúmenes de trabajos liderados por hombres. Los temas de investigación evolucionaron desde aquellos considerados pilares fundamentales de la ecología (por ejemplo, estudios poblacionales) hasta temas contemporáneos definidos por estudios de manejo y política. Las diferencias de género estuvieron presentes y cambiaron con el tiempo. En la actualidad, los hombres trabajan en temas de investigación relacionados con la toma de decisiones, mientras que las mujeres se enfocan en los procesos ambientales, por lo que es urgente crear más espacios de liderazgo para las mujeres con el fin de reducir las desigualdades de género.
Examining the use of cannabidiol and delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol‐based medicine among individuals diagnosed with dementia living within residential aged care facilities: Results of a double‐blind randomised crossover trial
Authors: Timler Amanda , Bulsara Caroline , Bulsara Max , Vickery Alistair , Jacques Angela , Codde Jim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveDementia affects individuals older than 65 years. Currently, residential aged care facilities (RACF) use psychotropic medications to manage behavioural and neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia (BPSD), which are recommended for short‐term use and have substantial side effects, including increased mortality. Cannabinoid‐based medicines (CBM) have some benefits that inhibit BPSD and cause minimal adverse effects (AEs), yet limited research has been considered with this population. The study aimed to determine a tolerable CBM dose (3:2 delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol), and assessed its effect on BPSD, quality of life (QoL) and perceived pain.MethodsAn 18‐week randomised, double‐blinded, crossover trial was conducted. Four surveys, collected on seven occasions, were used to measure changes in BPSD, QoL and pain. Qualitative data helped to understand attitudes towards CBM. General linear mixed models were used in the analysis, and the qualitative data were synthesised.ResultsTwenty‐one participants (77% female participants, mean age 85) took part in the trial. No significant differences were seen between the placebo and CBM for behaviour, QOL or pain, except a decrease in agitation at the end of treatment in favour of CBM. The qualitative findings suggested improved relaxation and sleep among some individuals. Post hoc estimates on the data collected suggested that 50 cases would draw stronger conclusions on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory.ConclusionsThe study design was robust, rigorous and informed by RACF. The medication appeared safe, with minimal AEs experienced with CBM. Further studies incorporating larger samples when considering CBM would allow researchers to investigate the sensitivity of detecting BPSD changes within the complexity of the disease and concomitant with medications.
Prognostic impact of morphology and duration of premature ventricular contractions in a population without structural heart disease
Authors: Scorza Raffaele , Jonsson Martin , Corander John‐Martin , Rosenqvist Mårten , Frykman Viveka 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPremature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are a common form of arrhythmia associated with an unfavorable prognosis in patients with structural heart disease. It is unclear whether PVCs site of origin and QRS‐width has a prognostic significance in patients without structural heart disease. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic importance of PVCs morphology and duration in this patient group.MethodsWe included 511 consecutive patients without a history of previous heart disease. They were examined with echocardiography and exercise test with normal findings. We categorized the PVCs from a 12 lead ECG according to morphology and width of the QRS‐complex and analyzed the outcome in terms of a composite endpoint of total mortality and cardiovascular morbidity.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up time of 5.3 years, 19 patients (3.5%) died and 61 (11.3%) met the composite outcome. Patients with PVCs originating from the outflow tracts had a significantly lower risk for the composite outcome compared to patients with non‐OT‐PVCs. Similarly, patients with PVC originating from the right ventricle had a better outcome than patients with left ventricular PCVs. No difference in outcome depending on QRS‐width during PVCs was noticed.ConclusionIn our cohort of consecutively included PVC patients without structural heart disease PVCs from the outflow tracts were associated with a better prognostic outcome than non‐OT PVCs; the same was true for right ventricular PVCs when compared to left ventricular ones. The classification of the origin of the PVCs was based on 12‐lead ECG morphology. QRS‐width during PVC did not seem to have prognostic significance.
A randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of the LAG‐3‐depleting monoclonal antibody GSK2831781 in patients with active ulcerative colitis
Authors: D'Haens Geert , Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent , Marks Daniel J. B. , Lisi Edoardo , Liefaard Lia , Beaton Andrew , Srinivasan Naren , Bouma Gerben , Prasad Naveen , Cameron Raymond , Kayali Zeid , Tarzi Ruth , Hanauer Stephen , Sandborn William J. 
Published: June 2023

SummaryBackgroundSelective depletion of T cells expressing LAG‐3, an immune checkpoint receptor that is upregulated on activated T cells, has been investigated in pre‐clinical models as a potential therapeutic approach in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases where activated T cells are implicated.AimsGSK2831781, a depleting monoclonal antibody that specifically binds LAG‐3 proteins, may deplete activated LAG‐3+ cells in ulcerative colitis (UC).MethodsPatients with moderate to severe UC were randomised to GSK2831781 or placebo. Safety, tolerability, efficacy, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of GSK2831781 were evaluated.ResultsOne hundred four participants across all dose levels were randomised prior to an interim analysis indicating efficacy futility criteria had been met. Efficacy results focus on the double‐blind induction phase of the study (GSK2831781 450 mg intravenously [IV], N = 48; placebo, N = 27). Median change from baseline (95% credible interval [CrI]) in complete Mayo score was similar between groups (GSK2831781 450 mg IV: −1.4 [−2.2, −0.7]; placebo: −1.4 [−2.4, −0.5]). Response rates for endoscopic improvement favoured placebo. Clinical remission rates were similar between groups. In the 450‐mg IV group, 14 (29%) participants had an adverse event of UC versus 1 (4%) with placebo. LAG‐3+ cells were depleted to 51% of baseline in blood; however, there was no reduction in LAG‐3+ cells in the colonic mucosa. Transcriptomic analysis of colon biopsies showed no difference between groups.ConclusionDespite evidence of target cell depletion in blood, GSK2831781 failed to reduce inflammation in the colonic mucosa suggesting no pharmacological effect. The study was terminated early (NCT03893565).
The impact of loose‐parts‐play on schoolyard social participation of children with and without disabilities: A case study
Authors: Eichengreen Adva , van Rooijen Martin , van Klaveren Lisa‐Maria , Nasri Maedeh , Tsou Yung‐Ting , Koutamanis Alexander , Baratchi Mitra , Rieffe Carolien 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundOutdoor social participation in the school playground is crucial for children's socio‐emotional and cognitive development. Yet, many children with disabilities in mainstream educational settings are not socially included within their peer group. We examined whether loose‐parts‐play (LPP), a common and cost‐effective intervention that changes the playground play environment to enhance child‐led free play, can promote social participation for children with and without disabilities.MethodForty‐two primary school children, out of whom three had hearing loss or autism, were assessed for two baseline and four intervention sessions. We applied a mixed‐method design, combining advanced sensors methodology, observations, peer nominations, self‐reports, qualitative field notes and an interview with the playground teachers.ResultsFindings indicated for all children a decrease during the intervention in social interactions and social play and no change in network centrality. Children without disabilities displayed also an increase in solitude play and in the diversity of interacting partners. Enjoyment of LPP was high for all children, yet children with disabilities did not benefit socially from the intervention and became even more isolated compared with baseline level.ConclusionsSocial participation in the schoolyard of children with and without disabilities did not improve during LPP in a mainstream setting. Findings emphasize the need to consider the social needs of children with disabilities when designing playground interventions and to re‐think about LPP philosophy and practices to adapt them to inclusive settings and goals.
Anticoagulant therapy in COVID‐19: A narrative review
Authors: Mohseni Afshar Zeinab , Tavakoli Pirzaman Ali , Hosseinzadeh Rezvan , Babazadeh Arefeh , Taghizadeh Moghadam Mohamad Ali , Miri Seyed Rouhollah , Sio Terence T. , Sullman Mark J. M. , Barary Mohammad , Ebrahimpour Soheil 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), can manifest itself in several ways, including coagulopathy and thrombosis. These complications can be the first and sometimes only manifestations of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and can occur early or late in the course of the disease. However, these symptoms are more prevalent in hospitalized patients with venous thromboembolism, particularly those admitted to intensive care units. Moreover, various forms of arterial and venous thrombosis, or micro‐ or macro‐vasculature embolisms, have been reported during the current pandemic. They have led to harmful consequences, such as neurological and cardiac events, nearly all resulting from the hypercoagulable state caused by this viral infection. The severe hypercoagulability observed in patients with COVID‐19 accounts for most cases of the disease that become critical. Therefore, anticoagulants seem to be one of the most vital therapeutics for treating this potentially life‐threatening condition. In the current paper, we present a thorough review of the pathophysiology of COVID‐19‐induced hypercoagulable state and the use of anticoagulants to treat SARS‐CoV‐2 infections in different patient groups, as well as their pros and cons.
Reduced alpha2 power is associated with slowed information processing speed in multiple sclerosis
Authors: De Cock Alexander , Van Ranst Alexander , Costers Lars , Keytsman Eva , D'Hooghe Marie B. , D'Haeseleer Miguel , Nagels Guy , Van Schependom Jeroen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveCognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), significantly impacts daily functioning, is time‐consuming to assess, and is prone to practice effects. We examined whether the alpha band power measured with magnetoencephalography (MEG) is associated with the different cognitive domains affected by MS.MethodsSixty‐eight MS patients and 47 healthy controls underwent MEG, T1‐ and FLAIR‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neuropsychological testing. Alpha power in the occipital cortex was quantified in the alpha1 (8–10 Hz) and alpha2 (10–12 Hz) bands. Next, we performed best subset regression to assess the added value of neurophysiological measures to commonly available MRI measures.ResultsAlpha2 power significantly correlated with information processing speed (p < 0.001) and was always retained in all multilinear models, whereas thalamic volume was retained in 80% of all models. Alpha1 power was correlated with visual memory (p < 0.001) but only retained in 38% of all models.ConclusionsAlpha2 (10–12 Hz) power in rest is associated with IPS, independent of standard MRI parameters. This study stresses that a multimodal assessment, including structural and functional biomarkers, is likely required to characterize cognitive impairment in MS. Resting‐state neurophysiology is thus a promising tool to understand and follow up changes in IPS.
Evaluating population trends of juvenile Atlantic Sturgeon at low abundance in a dynamic estuarine environment (Hudson River, New York)
Authors: DuFour Mark R. , Qian Song S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEvaluating population trends in dynamic estuarine environments can be challenging, especially when survey data include a high percentage of zero observations. In fishery‐independent surveys, zeros that come from reduced susceptibility to sample gears and reduced availability of the population to the survey impact survey catchability and negatively bias relative abundance indices. A zero‐inflated negative binomial model was used to standardize a juvenile Atlantic Sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) relative abundance index (Hudson River, New York) that included a high proportion (42%) of zero observations and intra‐ and interannually variable covariates. Reduced susceptibility was related to low water temperature, with the percentage of zeroes increasing rapidly below 7°C. Availability was influenced by temperature and distance to salt front, as catch rates increased with temperature and peaked in mesohaline waters ~27 km downstream of the predicted salt front. An alternative index suggested significant population growth (r = 0.15; p‐value = 0.007) occurred from 2004 to 2015. The zero‐inflated model helped better understand Hudson River juvenile Atlantic Sturgeon ecology and relative trends in abundance, to better inform future management and monitoring decisions along the Atlantic Coast.
The commercial impact of live streaming: A systematic literature review and future research agenda
Authors: Xu Yujun , Kapitan Sommer , Phillips Megan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLive streaming allows streamers and viewers to watch, create, and share videos in real time on topics from gaming, shopping, and social channels to tourism and entertainment. It is distinct from earlier forms of social media in that it allows for real‐time interaction and is extremely synchronous. That makes live streaming an important new area of enquiry. Yet live streaming platforms, streamers, and scholars lack an informed structure from which to build more holistic understanding and strategy. Following the theory–context–characteristics–methodology framework, we undertake a framework‐based systematic literature review of 89 articles to source, review, and synthesize disparate findings in the arena of live streaming and live streaming commerce users' motivation and interactions. A dual stimulus–organism–response integrative framework is developed to further explore the characteristics of interaction and motivation factors. A future research agenda highlights areas of research focus that are critical next steps for scholars.
Underwater endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal tumors decreases the incidence of post‐electrocoagulation syndrome
Authors: Koyama Yohei , Fukuzawa Masakatsu , Aikawa Hiroyuki , Nemoto Daiki , Muramatsu Takahiro , Matsumoto Taisuke , Uchida Kumiko , Madarame Akira , Morise Takashi , Yamaguchi Hayato , Kono Shin , Nagata Naoyoshi , Sugimoto Mitsushige , Kawai Takashi , Saito Yutaka , Itoi Takao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsUnderwater endoscopic submucosal dissection (U‐ESD) is a recently developed procedure that has the potential to prevent post‐ESD coagulation syndrome (PECS) owing to its heat‐sink effect. We aimed to clarify whether U‐ESD decreases the incidence of PECS compared with conventional ESD (C‐ESD).MethodsA total of 205 patients who underwent colorectal ESD (C‐ESD: 125; U‐ESD: 80) were analyzed. Propensity score matching analysis was performed to adjust for patient backgrounds. Ten C‐ESD and two U‐ESD patients with muscle damage or perforation during ESD were excluded when comparing PECS. The primary outcome was to compare the incidence of PECS between the U‐ESD and C‐ESD groups (54 matched pairs). Secondary outcomes were to compare procedural outcomes between the C‐ESD and U‐ESD groups (62 matched pairs).ResultsAmong the 78 patients who underwent U‐ESD, PECS occurred in only one patient (1.3%). Adjusted comparisons between the U‐ESD and C‐ESD groups demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of PECS in the U‐ESD group (0% vs 11.1%; P = 0.027). Median dissection speed was significantly faster in the U‐ESD than in the C‐ESD group (10.9 mm2/min vs 6.9 mm2/min; P < 0.001). En bloc and complete resection rates were 100% in the U‐ESD group. Although perforation and delayed bleeding occurred in one patient each (1.6%) as adverse events in the U‐ESD group, there were no differences compared with the C‐ESD group.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that U‐ESD effectively decreases the incidence of PECS and is a faster and safer method for colorectal ESD.
The dorsal portion of the bovine diaphragm as a useful tissue for producing a 3D muscle scaffold
Authors: Martinello Tiziana , Akyürek Eylem Emek , Ventriglia Gianluca , Patruno Marco , Sacchetto Roberta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) organoids are an innovative approach to obtain an in vitro model for ex vivo studies to overcome the limitations of monolayer cell culture and reduce the use of animal models. An organoid of skeletal muscle requires the presence of the extracellular matrix to represent a functional muscle in vitro, which is why decellularized tissue is an optimal choice. Various muscles have been considered to produce a muscle organoid, most from rodents or small animals, and only recently some studies have been reported on the muscles of large animals. This work presents a muscular organoid produced from the bovine diaphragm, which has a peculiar multilayered structure with different fibre orientations depending on the considered area. This paper analyses the anatomical structure of the bovine diaphragm, selects the most appropriate portion, and presents a decellularization protocol for a multilayered muscle. In addition, a preliminary test of recellularization with primary bovine myocytes was presented with the future aim of obtaining a 3D muscle allogenic organoid, completely bovine‐derived. The results demonstrate that the dorsal portion of bovine diaphragm presents a regular alternation of muscular and fibrous layers and that the complete decellularization does not affect the biocompatibility. These results provide a strong foundation for the potential application of this portion of tissue as a scaffold for in vitro studies of muscle organoids.
Fractional erbium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser in the treatment of morphea mouse model
Authors: Guo Qing , Cen Junjie , He Mingjie , Huang Danqi , Tang Zengqi , Xiong Hui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the efficiency and the mechanism of fractional erbium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser for the treatment of morphea in mouse model.BackgroundMorphea is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by excessive collagen deposition in skin. Fractional Er:YAG laser treatment is a promising treatment to improve morphea, despite limited studies about the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism.MethodsThe mouse model of morphea was established by subcutaneously injecting with bleomycin (BLM). A total of 24 mice received fractional Er:YAG laser treatment once a week for 4 weeks. Objective measurement employed was ultrasonic imaging to measure dermal thickness. Subjective measures included scoring according to the adjusted Localized morphea Cutaneous Assessment Tool (LoSCAT); hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining to evaluate the histological grade of fibrosis; and quantitative morphometric studies to determine the expression of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) and matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP1) by immunohistochemistry.ResultsIn this self‐controlled study, fractional Er:YAG laser treatment significantly ameliorate the severity of morphea, including lower clinical score (p < 0.01), decreased dermal thickness (p < 0.001), declined histological grade of fibrosis (p < 0.001), increased MMP1 (p < 0.001), and reduced TGF‐β1 (p < 0.01) expression.ConclusionsWe found that fractional Er:YAG laser treatment of morphea has good clinical, ultrasonic, and histopathologic efficacy, which may be a promising treatment in the future.
Evaluation of masticatory performance by motion capture analysis of jaw movement
Authors: Imaoka Masaaki , Okuno Kentaro , Kobuchi Ryuichiro , Inoue Taro , Takahashi Kazuya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe assessment of masticatory performance (MP) is conducted in hospitals, but is difficult to perform in nursing facilities that lack specialists in dysphagia. To select the appropriate food textures in nursing practice, a simple method of evaluating the MP should be developed.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate motion parameters that influence MP by motion capture analysis of maxillofacial movement on chewing gummy jelly in healthy adults.MethodsThe subjects were 50 healthy adults. The state of chewing gummy jelly was photographed using a high‐speed camera. Simultaneously, we evaluated the amount of glucose extracted (AGE) obtained with gummy jelly as a reference value for MP. The subjects were divided into two groups: normal and low masticatory groups (NG and LG, respectively) based on the AGE. The cycle of mastication was classified into three phases: closing phase (CP), transition phase (TP) and opening phase (OP) through motion capture analysis of the video photographed. Parameters of jaw movement and their associations with the AGE were examined.ResultsThe transition phase rate (TR) and opening phase rate (OR) were correlated with the AGE. Furthermore, the TR in the NG was significantly higher than in the LG, whereas the OR was significantly lower than in the LG. The age, TR and opening velocity were significant independent variables.ConclusionMotion capture technology facilitated the analysis of jaw movement. The results suggested that MP can be evaluated by analysing the TP and OP rates.