bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation a nomogram for predicting new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation following pulmonary resection
Authors: Zhang Chuankai , Jiang Songsong , Wang Jun , Wu Xianning , Ke Li 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: The new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (NOPAF) following pulmonary resection is a common clinical concern. The aim of this study was to construct a nomogram to intuitively predict the risk of NOPAF and offer protective treatments.
Methods: Patients who underwent pulmonary resection between January 2018 and December 2020 were consecutively enrolled. Forward stepwise multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to screen independent predictors, and a derived nomogram model was built. The model performance was evaluated in terms of calibration, discrimination and clinical utility and validated with bootstrap resampling.
Results: A total of 3583 patients who met the research criteria were recruited for this study. The incidence of NOPAF was 1.507% (54/3583). A nomogram, composed of five independent predictors, namely age, admission heart rate, extent of resection, laterality, percent maximum ventilation volume per minute (%MVV), was constructed. The concordance index (C-index) was 0.811. The nomogram showed substantial discriminative ability, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.811 (95% CI 0.758-0.864). Moreover, the model shows prominent calibration performance and higher net clinical benefits.
Conclusion: We developed a novel nomogram that can predict the risk of NOPAF following pulmonary resection, which may assist clinicians predict the individual probability of NOPAF and perform available prophylaxis. By using bootstrap resampling for validation, the optimal discrimination and calibration were demonstrated, indicating that the nomogram may have clinical practicality.
Association of trophectoderm mRNAs and microRNAs with chromosomal aneuploidy of embryo
Authors: Esmaeilivand Masoumeh , Ghasemzadeh Aliyeh , Niknafs Behrooz , Fattahi Amir 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs can serve as indicators of the chromosomal state of an embryo, with different profiles observed in euploid and aneuploid blastocysts. Examining the levels of miRNAs associated with aneuploidy and euploidy, as well as mRNAs related to implantation, can aid in predicting blastocyst chromosomal normality and improving assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. This study analyzed chromosomal abnromality of 25 blastocysts using ​fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and also the expression of genes ERBB4, SELL, ITGB3, and ITGAV, as well as miRNAs, miR-339, miR-27b, miR-661, miR-30c, miR-191, miR-345, miR-142, miR-141, miR-20a and, miR-372. We found that 17 out of 25 embryos were aneuploid. Moreover, results revealed lower expression levels of miR-30c and miR-372 in aneuploid embryos compared to euploid ones, while ITGAV and ITGB3 showed significantly higher expression in aneuploid embryos. These findings suggest that miR-372, miR-30c, ITGAV, and ITGB3 expression in trophectoderm cells can serve as biomarkers for assessing embryo health.
Crystallization Improvement of PLA by the Talc with “Grafting from” Method of Polymerization of Lactide
Authors: Zhu Shihao , Sun Maolin , Meng Xin , Cheng Ruihua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The slow crystallization rate of polylactic acid (PLA) hampers its applications. By the “grafting from” method, a modified talcum powder (Talc-g-pla) was synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide in bulk. The polymer chains grew in situ and chemically grafted on the talc surface, which was tightly connected even after washing with dichloromethane for 24 h. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscope (AFM), and the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of Talc-g-pla confirmed the successful modification of talc with PLA, which was about 2 wt%. Due to the good compatibility by the grafted PLA as a bridge between PLA and talc, the Talc-g-pla was well dispersed and served as an efficient nucleating agent of commercial PLA at low loadings. For the PLA/Talc-g-pla composite by the blend of Talc-g-pla with PLA in the proportions between 0.5-3.0 wt%, the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and polarized optical microscope (POM) showed that the improvement of thermodynamic properties and crystallization of PLA/Talc-g-pla composites were more obvious than those of the PLA/Talc physical composites. The DSC results suggested that the 1 wt% Talc-g-pla increased the crystallinity of PLA by over 3% than talc.
DTPA-Receptor – A novel reporter gene system for the specific and sensitive PET imaging of CAR-T cells and AAV transduced cells
Authors: Weber Wolfgang , Morath Volker , Fritschle Katja , Warmuth Linda , Anneser Markus , Dötsch Sarah , Zivanic Milica , Krumwiede Luisa , Bösl Philipp , Bozoglu Tarik , Robu Stephanie , Libertini Silvana , Kossatz Susanne , Kupatt Christian , Schwaiger Markus , Steiger Katja , Busch Dirk , Skerra Arne 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs), such as cell and gene therapies, necessitate a reliable diagnostic method for quantitative monitoring. We developed a novel reporter gene system for PET imaging consisting of a membrane-anchored Anticalin protein (DTPA-R) that acts as a high-affinity receptor for the radioligand [18F]F-DTPA•TbIII. The reporter protein shows high cell surface expression of up to ~1×106 receptors per cell. After systemic administration, the pharmacologically inert radioligand rapidly clears via the renal route and, at t=90 min, generates a strong signal of 22.1 %ID/g for DTPA-R-expressing PC3 cells compared to 0.2 %ID/g for DTPA-R-negative controls (ratio: 125). The detection limit for JurkatDTPA-R cells was 500 cells in a PET phantom ex vivo and 8,000 if subcutaneously injected. In vivo expansion and migration of CD19-CAR-TDTPA-R cells was successfully monitored over four weeks with a linear relationship between PET signal and CAR-T cell number. Furthermore, our reporter system allowed quantitative and longitudinal imaging of AAV9 viral vectors with a linear dose-to-signal relation. In summary, DTPA-R shows high potential for in vivo monitoring of ATMP-based therapies.
Validation of the Patient Reported Experiences and Outcomes of Safety in Primary Care Compact Form Brazil
Authors: Silva Ana Elisa Bauer Camargo , Sousa Tanielly Paula , Guimaraes Rafael Alves , Pagotto Valéria , Lima Juliana Carvalho , Sousa Maiana Regina Gomes 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
to analyze the psychometric properties of the cross-culturally adapted version of the Patient Reported Experiences and Outcomes of Safety in Primary Care (PREOS-PC) Compact Form Brazil.
Methods
a methodological study was conducted with 281 adult Primary Health Care users. Data collection took place online. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the PREOS-PC after the process of cross-cultural adaptation to the Brazilian context. Internal consistency was evaluated through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α) and McDonald’s omega coefficient (ω).
Results
the sample consisted of 73.3% women. The mean age was 36.3 years (SD = 12.2). Of the 23 items of the PREOS-PC that were eligible for CFA, a model with four correlated domains and 16 items presented satisfactory fit indexes. The domains were Practice Activation (PrA) (four items), Patient Activation (PaA) (two items), Experiences of patient safety events (EPaS) (five items) and Outcomes of patient safety (OPaS) (six items). One domain (GPeS) presented one question with a 0 to 10 response scale and two open questions, which cannot be inserted in the CPA due to the nature of the items, but can be included in the application of the scale, being evaluated individually. In this factorial model, five items (EPaS2, EPaS3, EPaS4, EPaS5, EPaS6 and EPaS8) presented factor loadings ≤ 0.30. The α and ω values demonstrated good internal consistency for all domains of the PREOS-CP.
Conclusions
the Brazilian version of the PREOS-PC Compact Form Brazil composed of four domains (PrA, PA, EPaS and OPaS) and 16 items presented evidence of validation of its psychometric properties and can be used to evaluate the experiences and results of patient safety in Primary Health Care in the Brazilian context.
Chitosan isolated, purified and characterized from Shrimp Shell Waste used in Clove Essential Oil-loaded Chitosan Alginate nano-encapsulation.
Authors: Ahmed Habiba Abdelaziz , Salama Zeinab A. , Nassrallah Amr 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Chitosan is a polysaccharide polymer widely applied in biomedical and medicinal fields due to its biological properties, such as being antimicrobial, biodegradable in the human body, and nontoxic. Clove essential oil is well known for its antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, and antioxidant properties. However, essential oils are known to be insoluble in water, unstable, and volatile. Therefore, the present study focuses on two main objectives: The first main emphasis is obtaining low-cost extraction, purification, and characterization of chitosan from shrimp shells waste using the three phases of demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation. The second point focused on using isolated chitosan from shrimp shell waste as a polymer to enhance the biological and physical characteristics of the clove essential oil from its natural property by means of encapsulation form. The isolated chitosan was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), FTIR spectroscopy, x-ray, and thermo gravimetric analysis. The results illustrated that the isolated Chitosan has thermal stability. Also, the produced clove essential oil nano-capsules were characterized using GC mass, FTIR and zeta seizer. The data showed that the particle size, pdi, and zeta potential were 8.4 nm, 0.6 mV, and 12.9 mV, respectively.
Enhanced THz Emission from Photo-ConductiveAntennas by integrating photonic structures onSemi-insulating GaAs substrate
Authors: Rana Goutam , Gupta Abhishek , Bhatacharya Arkabrata , Duttagupta Siddhartha Prakash , Prabhu Shriganesh S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Tera Hertz Photoconductive antennas has provided a great momentum to the THz research with features like room temperature,broad band operation with reasonably low cost both as emitters and detectors. The main drawback though remained the limitedpower output resulting from a low conversion efficiency. In this article we have demonstrated that the efficiency can be greatlyimproved (∼200%) by incorporating sub-micron photonic structures on the surface. The photonic structure on the surfacenot only contribute to better coupling of pump beam resulting in increased photo-carriers but also in effective recombinationof the carriers after generation of THz and suppresses the carrier screening to a great extent. Experimental and Numericalstudies were used to establish the enhanced photo-carrier generation and it’s subsequent controlled transport in a defect fullpath leading to reduced screening. The photonic structures can be extended to Large Area Emitter (LAE) to develop emitters/detectors for real life THz systems to be designed for out of laboratory conditions. Currently, commercial LAEs use Plasmonicsstructure or anti-reflection coating which comes with lots of limitations which can easily be overcome by the proposed methodin the article.
Cathepsin C inhibition reduces neutrophil serine protease activity and improves activated neutrophil-mediated disorders
Authors: Ishizu Akihiro , Nishibata Yuka , Arai Suishin , Taniguchi Mai , Nakade Issei , Ogawa Hodaka , Kitano Shota , Hosoi Yumeka , Shindo Ayano , Nishiyama Ryo , Masuda Sakiko , Nakazawa Daigo , Tomaru Utano , Shimizu Takafumi , Sinko William , Nagakura Tadashi , Terada Yoh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Cathepsin C (CatC) is an enzyme which regulates the maturation of neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) essential for neutrophil activation. Activated neutrophils are key players in the innate immune system, and are also implicated in the etiology of various inflammatory diseases. This study aims to demonstrate a therapeutic potential for CatC inhibitors against disorders in which activated neutrophil-derived neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a significant role. We developed a novel CatC inhibitor, MOD06051, which dose-dependently suppressed the cellular activity of NSPs, including neutrophil elastase (NE), in vitro. Next, neutrophils derived from MOD06051-administered rats were evaluated for NE activity and NET-forming ability, with results significantly lower than controls. Furthermore, MOD06051 dose-dependently ameliorated vasculitis and significantly decreased NETs when administered to a rat model of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). These findings suggest that CatC inhibition is a promising strategy to reduce neutrophil activation and improve activated neutrophil-mediated diseases such as MPO-AAV.
Ultrasound-driven nanosilicon transfected tobacco cell as robust factory for collagen III protein synthesis
Authors: Gu Tingwei , Zhou Nan , Xu Yang , Liu Yuda , Tan Minhong , Liu Jianxiang , Peng Lihua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Therapeutic protein is one of the mostly used medications and the transgenic plant system offers an alternative to synthesis protein with simple practice and reduced infection issues. However, conventional plant transforming vehicles such as agrobacterium and electroporation have been hampered by limited transformation efficiency and biorisk.
Methods: Herein, we describe an ultrasound driven nanosilicon composed hybrid-nanoplatform (named as UDSP), which can transform tobacco cells with high efficiency following a simple protocol.
Results: With plasmid DNA encoding collagen III gene as a representative, UDSP demonstrates excellent transfection efficiency in tobacco cells with high efficacy to produce collagen III protein, with considerable number of exosomes containing collagen III (Col-Exo) produced simultaneously. The synthesized collagen III protein and Col-Exo are demonstrated for the obvious therapeutic effects in promoting wound regeneration and inflammation alleviation.
Conclusions: UDSP transfected tobacco cell is shown as a promising biofactory with efficacy to synthesize recombinant proteins with intact tertiary structure, and therapeutic exosomes with target protein incorporated, with great potential in the protein synthesis and bioengineering.
Statistical analysis of Low latitude Spread F at the American, Atlantic and Pacific sectors using digisonde observations
Authors: Bhaneja Preeti , Klenzing Jeff , Pachecho Edgardo E , Earle Greg , Bullett Terry 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Digisonde data from three different longitude sectors from Jicamarca (12°S, 76.8°W, -2.5° declination angle) from 2001–2016, Ascension Island (7.9°S, 14.4°W, -15.09° declination angle) from 2000–2014, Kwajalein (8.71°N, 167.7°E, 7.5° declination angle) from 2004–2012, has been processed and analyzed to determine statistical studies of equatorial spread F, a diagnostic of irregular plasma structure in the ionosphere. A new method of spread F detection for low latitude region is used to determine solar and seasonal variation over these three sites. An algorithm has been developed to detect the foF2 and hmF2 values from an ionogram and this has been validated using manually scaled ionograms, as well as comparisons to the SAMI2 and IRI models.
Area Specific Monitoring of Stratum Corneum Hydration and Transepidermal Water Loss among Atopic Dermatitis Patients
Authors: Kwon Bo Yeon , Kim Dohyeong , Shim Kyungmin , Nguyen Cindy , Lee Hee Chul , Kang Daeshik , Kim Hohyun , Seo Sungchul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSCORAD is widely used to assess the severity of atopic eczema, but score systems based on the entire body may be limited in effective monitoring and intervention. It is crucial to monitor moisture levels in affected body part, but empirical research is still lacking. We analyzed the levels of stratum corneum hydration (SCH) and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in 98 atopic dermatitis (AD) patients under the age of 10 at 15 body sites. Patients were also assessed with SCORAD and for the presence of atopic lesions at each body site. About 50-60% of AD patients had lesions in the antecubital fossa and popliteal fossa, with corresponding low SCH levels and high TEWL in the upper body. The differences in TEWL between the control group and AD patients were confirmed significant in the neck and antecubital fossa regions, while differences in SCH were identified in the face, antecubital fossa and popliteal fossa regions. A higher TEWL was found among AD patients with atopic lesions in the face and ankle. This study suggests continuous monitoring of SCH and TEWL levels at specific body sites can help identifying vulnerable body areas to atopic dermatitis, which supplements SCORAD for effective clinical intervention and prevention.
Characteristics of Gut Microbiota in Captive Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) from Infant to Elderly
Authors: Klinhom Sarisa , Sriwicha Sirawit , Kerdphoo Sasiwan , Khonmee Jaruwan , Chattipakorn Nipon , Chattipakorn Siriporn C , Thitaram Chatchote 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Gut microbiota play an important role in the health and disease in captive Asian elephants, however, its characteristics at each stage of life have not been thoroughly investigated. This study, therefore, aimed to characterize the profiles of the gut microbiota of captive Asian elephants from infants to the elderly. The diversity of the gut microbiota was lowest in infants, stable during adulthood, and slightly decreased in the geriatric period. Gut microbiota were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing from the feces of captive Asian elephants with varying age groups, including infant calves, suckling calves, weaned calves, subadult and adult elephants, and geriatric elephants. The gut microbiota of the infant elephants was dominated by milk-fermenting taxa. The fiber-fermenting taxa emerged in suckling elephants. The stabilization of gut microbiota profiles has been observed after weaning until the adult period. However, the composition of the gut microbiota was found to change again in geriatric elephants. Understanding of the composition of the gut microbiota of captive Asian elephants at each stage of life could be beneficial to support good health during each period of the elephant's lifespan.
A unique record of rock glacier kinematics and glacier interactions from the Swiss National Park spanning more than 100 years
Authors: Manchado Alberto Muñoz-Torrero , Allen Simon , Cicoira Alessandro , Wiesmann Samuel , Haller Ruedi , Stoffel Markus 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The rock glaciers of the Swiss National Park were the first in the world where in-situ measurements of surface displacement were undertaken, starting with the pioneering work of Chaix in 1918. This globally unique long-term record is a main reason why these rock glaciers have recently been ordained by UNESCO as one of the top 100 IUGS geological world heritage sites. With our work we have filled the gap previously existing between the measurements from the early 20th century and the most recent measurements made over the last two decades. Through the application of photogrammetric techniques, we use this unique record spanning more than a century to geomorphologically analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of rock glaciers in the region, and to disentangle the interplay with their contributing glaciers. We show that these rock glaciers are in different phases of degradation with a general trend of deceleration and loss of volume. We observe how changes in kinematics seem to be historically controlled by the hydrological contribution of their nearby glaciers, with which they have been in close contact since the end of the Little Ice Age, but which are now severely degraded.
Barriers to and enablers of cervical cancer screening delivery in Eswatini
Authors: Khumalo Phinda Goodwill , White Jennifer , Mackenzie Lisa , Carey Mariko 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
In 2018, Eswatini had the highest age-standardised incidence of cervical cancer in the world. The key preventive approach in Eswatini involves cervical cancer screening, delivered through the Ministry of Health and collaborations with external non-governmental organisations. However, screening rates remain low due to delivery and uptake challenges. Limited research has focused on nurses’ perspectives regarding the barriers and enablers of screening delivery, leaving gaps in knowledge. This study employed the Micro-Meso-Macro framework to explore nurses' experiences and perceptions regarding barriers and enablers to delivering screening services in Eswatini.
Methods
An interpretative qualitative design was employed. Twenty in-depth telephone interviews were conducted among 20 nurses from 20 healthcare clinics distributed across the four geographic regions of Eswatini. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic approach with constant comparison. Identified themes informed continuing data collection, and sampling continued until thematic saturation was achieved.
Results
Results are presented under three identified themes: (1) Nurses experience limited leadership and engagement from the Eswatini Ministry of Health, (2) nurses face process, resource and/or capacity barriers, and (3) client-related barriers to equity of access to screening hinder nurses' efforts to provide cervical cancer screening services. Barriers to screening service delivery include gaps in nurses’ knowledge and skills, inadequate cooperation between the Ministry of Health and non-governmental organisation-employed nurses, shortages of staff and equipment, limited training, absence of record-keeping systems, poor coordination between clinics and regional hospitals, insufficient leadership and engagement from the Ministry of Health, and lack of feedback on service delivery. Enablers of cervical cancer screening included guidelines and standard operating procedures, supportive supervision, a triage system to guide clients to screening services, comprehensive training programs, and patient incentives to promote the uptake of screening services.
Conclusions
This study identified multiple challenges in delivering cervical cancer screening services in Eswatini, spanning micro, meso, and macro levels. These challenges included nurses' lack of knowledge and skills, resource shortages, limited leadership, and dependence on NGO support. Addressing these barriers calls for a multifaceted approach, involving advocacy, better data management, supportive supervision, and educational initiatives to enhance screening services delivery.
RTCP detection method for a 5-DOF hybrid machining robot
Authors: Tian Wenjie , Guo Xu , Zhang Xiangpeng , Yang Junhao , Wang Lina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper mainly studies the application of RTCP testing theory and technology in hybrid robots. Firstly, based on multi-objective optimization algorithms, the RTCP testing center position and maximum testing attitude angle of the robot are obtained, so as to maximize the corresponding active joint motion range of the robot in joint space. Then, three standard RTCP test trajectories and an optimized 8-shape trajectory were designed and planned. Finally, calculate the minimum curvature radius of the RTCP trajectory, determine the maximum interpolation step size of the NC command, and generate corresponding NC commands based on the planned test trajectory for RTCP accuracy testing experiments of hybrid robots. The experimental results show that the RTCP method based on kinematic calibration can effectively detect the dynamic error of hybrid robots by detecting end position errors, thereby evaluating the five-axis linkage accuracy of hybrid robots.