bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and numerical investigation on the uniformity of nanosecond pulsed dielectric barrier discharge influenced by pulse parameters
Authors: ZHANG Dongxuan , YU Junxian , LI Mengyao , PAN Jie , LIU Feng , FANG Zhi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Nanosecond (ns) pulsed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is considered as a promising method to produce controllable large-volume and high activity low-temperature plasma at atmospheric pressure, which makes it suitable for wide applications. In this work, the ns pulse power supply is used to excite Ar DBD and the influences of the pulse parameters (voltage amplitude, pulse width, pulse rise and fall times) on the DBD uniformity are investigated. The gas gap voltage (U
g) and conduct current (I
g) are separated from the measured voltage and current waveforms to analyze the influence of electrical parameters. The spectral line intensity ratio of two Ar excited species is used as an indicator of the electron temperature (T
e). The time resolved discharge processes are recorded by an intensified charge-coupled device camera and a one-dimensional fluid model is employed to simulate the spatial and temporal distributions of electrons, ions, metastable argon atoms and T
e. Combining the experimental and numerical results, the mechanism of the pulse parameters influencing on the discharge uniformity is discussed. It is shown that the space electric field intensity and the space particles’ densities are mainly responsible for the variation of discharge uniformity. With the increase of voltage and pulse width, the electric field intensity and the density of space particles increased, which results in the discharge mode transition from non-uniform to uniform, and then non-uniform. Furthermore, the extension of pulse rise and fall times leads to the discharge transition from uniform to non-uniform. The results are helpful to reveal the mechanism of ns pulsed DBD mode transition and to realize controllable and uniform plasma sources at atmospheric pressure.
Cardiovascular Interactions of Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Assessed by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Varadarajan Vinithra , Marques Mateus D , Venkatesh Bharath Ambale , Allison Matthew , Ostovaneh Mohammad R , Yoneyama Kihei , Donekal Sirisha , Shah Ravi V , Murthy Venkatesh L , Wu Colin O , Tracy Russell P , Ouyang Pamela , Rochitte Carlos E , Bluemke David A , Lima Joao A C 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
The effects of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in cardiovascular system have been described based on small studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between aldosterone and plasma renin activity (PRA) and cardiovascular structure and function.

Methods
We studied a random sample of Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants who had aldosterone and PRA blood assays at 2003–2005 and underwent cardiac magnetic resonance at 2010. Participants taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers were excluded.

Results
The aldosterone group was composed by 615 participants, mean age 61.6 ± 8.9 years, while the renin group was 580 participants, mean age 61.5 ± 8.8 years and both groups had roughly 50% females. In multivariable analysis, 1 SD increment of log-transformed aldosterone level was associated with 0.07 g/m2 higher left ventricle (LV) mass index (P = 0.04) and 0.11 ml/m2 higher left atrium (LA) minimal volume index (P &lt; 0.01). Additionally, higher log-transformed aldosterone was associated with lower LA maximum strain and LA emptying fraction (P &lt; 0.01). Aldosterone levels were not significantly associated with aortic measures. Log-transformed PRA was associated with lower LV end diastolic volume index (β standardized = 0.08, P = 0.05). PRA levels were not significantly associated with LA and aortic structural or functional differences.

Conclusions
Higher levels of aldosterone and PRA are associated with concentric LV remodeling changes. Moreover, aldosterone was related to deleterious LA remodeling changes.
The association between population drinking and ischemic heart disease mortality in educational groups
Authors: Norström Thor , Landberg Jonas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A large number of observational studies have found a J-shaped relationship between alcohol intake and ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk. However, some studies suggest that the alleged cardio-protective effect may be an artifact in the way that the elevated risk for abstainers is due to self-selection on risk factors for IHD. The aim of this paper is to estimate the association between alcohol and IHD-mortality on the basis of aggregate time-series data, where the problem with selection effects is not present. In addition, we will analyze SES-specific mortality to investigate whether there is any socio-economic gradient in the relationship at issue. SES was measured by educational level. We used IHD-mortality in three educational groups as outcome. Per capita alcohol consumption was proxied by Systembolaget’s alcohol sales (litres of alcohol 100% per capita 15+). Swedish quarterly data on mortality and alcohol consumption spanned the period 1991Q1–2020Q4. We applied SARIMA time-series analysis. Survey data were used to construct an indicator of heavy SES-specific episodic drinking. The estimated association between per capita consumption and IHD-mortality was positive and statistically significant in the two groups with primary and secondary education, but not in the group with postsecondary education. The association was significantly stronger the lower the educational group. Although the associations were generally stronger for males than for females, these differences were not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05). Our findings suggest that the detrimental impact of per capita consumption on IHD-mortality was stronger the lower the educational group.
Austerity in Mohist ethics
Authors: Kim Bradford Jean-Hyuk 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Fraser highlights an unattractive feature of Mohist ethics: the Mohists, while criticizing their Confucian contemporaries, restrict one’s pursuits to the most basic sorts of goods. Fraser suggests that the Mohists assume the perpetuity of scarce resources, which leads to a commitment to austerity, which in turn leads them to deny a plausible third way between austerity and excess. In their defence, I argue that the Mohists do not assume perpetuity of scarce resources but rather the hedonic treadmill. And instead of begging the question by assuming austerity and then denying a moderate alternative to excess, the Mohists take the hedonic treadmill to preclude a principled stopgap between austerity and excess, leaving austerity as the only acceptable option. Finally, these dynamics illuminate a feature that should make us wary of parallels to Millian utilitarianism: the maximization principle of the latter is absent from Mohism, and this goes hand-in-hand with austerity.
Intraspecific phylogeny of a Patagonian fescue: differentiation at molecular markers and morphological traits suggests hybridization at peripheral populations
Authors: Guidalevich V , Nagahama N , López A S , Angeli J P , Marchelli P , Azpilicueta M M 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsGrasses of the Festuca genus have complex phylogenetic relations due to morphological similarities among species and interspecific hybridization processes. Within Patagonian fescues, information concerning phylogenetic relationships is very scarce. In Festuca pallescens, a widely distributed species, the high phenotypic variability and the occurrence of interspecific hybridization preclude a clear identification of the populations. Given the relevance of natural rangelands for livestock production and their high degradation due to climate change, conservation actions are needed and knowledge about genetic variation is required.MethodsTo unravel the intraspecific phylogenetic relations and to detect genetic differences, we studied 21 populations of the species along its natural geographical distribution by coupling both molecular [internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and trnL-F markers] and morpho-anatomical analyses. Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony methods were applied to assemble a phylogenetic tree, including other native species. The morphological data set was analysed by discriminant and cluster analyses.Key ResultsThe combined information of the Bayesian tree (ITS marker), the geographical distribution of haplotype variants (trnL-F marker) and the morpho-anatomical traits, distinguished populations located at the margins of the distribution. Some of the variants detected were shared with other sympatric species of fescues.ConclusionsThese results suggest the occurrence of hybridization processes between species of the genus at peripheral sites characterized by suboptimal conditions, which might be key to the survival of these populations.
‘I Clocked You Going 50 In a 25’: A Discourse-Based Critique Of Police Procedural Justice Research Through A Sequential Exploration Of ‘Voice’ And Excuses In Traffic Encounters
Authors: Shon Phillip 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe police in the United States typically pull over about 19 million drivers a year for routine violations such as speeding and running a stop sign. The verbal exchanges that occur during traffic encounters embody one of the ideal principles of procedural justice: giving citizens an opportunity to speak (voice) before a decision is made. The accounts and excuses that drivers articulate represent the logical outcome of opportunities provided to drivers to explain the reason for their legal violations. This paper examines the accounts and excuses that drivers proffer during routine traffic encounters. The findings indicate that drivers’ responses to police solicitation of accounts fall into three types: remaining ‘silent’ during encounters and forgoing an opportunity to voice their concerns; crafting excuses and apologies in response to the announcement of an infraction; and denial of knowledge. The implications for police procedural justice are discussed.
Limited value of serum neurofilament light chain in diagnosing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Davies Jennifer C , Dharmadasa Thanuja , Thompson Alexander G , Edmond Evan C , Yoganathan Katie , Gao Jiali , Talbot Kevin , Turner Martin R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A biomarker specific for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis must be sensitive across a spectrum of clinical heterogeneity. Neurofilament light chain levels in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis correlate with the rate of disability progression. Previous attempts to establish a diagnostic role for neurofilament light chain have been limited to comparison with healthy individuals or controls with alternative diagnoses unlikely to be confused with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in real-world clinical practice.
In a tertiary amyotrophic lateral sclerosis referral clinic, at first visit, serum was taken for neurofilament light chain measurement after prospectively recording the clinical diagnosis as ‘amyotrophic lateral sclerosis’, ‘primary lateral sclerosis’, ‘alternative’ or ‘currently uncertain’.
Of 133 referrals, 93 patients were diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (median neurofilament light chain 218.1 pg/ml, interquartile range 130.7–311.9), three primary lateral sclerosis (65.6, 51.5–106.9) and 19 alternative diagnoses (45.2, 13.5–71.9) at first visit. Of 18 initially uncertain diagnoses, eight were subsequently diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (98.5, 45.3–300.1). Neurofilament light chain ≥110.9 pg/ml had a positive predictive value of 0.92 for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; &lt;110.9 pg/ml had a negative predictive value of 0.48.
In a specialized clinic, neurofilament light chain is largely confirmatory to clinical judgement in diagnosing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and has limited ability to exclude alternative diagnoses. The current, important, value of neurofilament light chain is its potential to stratify patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by disease activity and as a biomarker in therapeutic trials.
Genome-wide identification of aberrant alternative splicing and RNA-binding protein regulators in acute myeloid leukaemia which may contribute to immune microenvironment remodelling
Authors: Yang Ying , Zhang Yu-Mei , Wang Yan , Liu Kui , Cui Si-Yuan , Luo Ya-Qin , Zheng Wei , Xu Jie , Duan Wei , Wang Jing-Yi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is one of the most lethal cancers of the haematopoietic system with a poorly understood aetiology. Recent studies have shown that aberrant alternative splicing (AS) and a (RBP) regulators are highly associated with the pathogenesis of AML. This study presents an overview of the abnormal AS and differential expression of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in AML and further highlights their close relation to the remodelling of the immune microenvironment in AML patients. An in-depth understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying AML will contribute to the future development of strategies for the prevention, diagnosis and therapy of AML and thus improve the overall survival of patients with AML.
Comparing fear and anxiety chemosignals: Do they modulate facial muscle activity and facilitate identifying facial expressions?
Authors: Gomes Nuno , Pause Bettina M , Smeets Monique A M , Semin Gün R 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFear and anxiety are the most frequently studied emotional states in chemosignal research. Despite differences between these two emotional states, findings from research using fear and anxiety body odors (BOs) are often treated as part of a similar phenomenon. In this article, we examine possible similarities and differences between participants exposed to fear and anxiety BOs on 2 dependent variables commonly used in chemosignals’ research: (1) the activation of facial muscles in displays of fear expressions (i.e. the medial frontalis and the corrugator supercilii); and (2) the time required to discriminate between negative emotional expressions (fear, anger, and disgust) and neutral ones. Our results show that fear (vs. rest) and anxiety (vs. exercise) BOs activate the medial frontalis, suggesting that both have a similar impact on receivers’ facial muscles. However, we could not replicate previous findings regarding the influence of fear BOs in discriminating negative emotional faces from neutral ones. Two additional replication attempts failed to replicate the earlier results, indicating that the results reported in the literature with this specific paradigm should be interpreted cautiously. Suggestions for future research examining possible differences between fear and anxiety BOs are advanced.
RNA-Chrom: a manually curated analytical database of RNA–chromatin interactome
Authors: Ryabykh G K , Kuznetsov S V , Korostelev Y D , Sigorskikh A I , Zharikova A A , Mironov A A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Every year there is more and more evidence that non-coding RNAs play an important role in biological processes affecting various levels of organization of living systems: from the cellular (regulation of gene expression, remodeling and maintenance of chromatin structure, co-transcriptional suppression of transposons, splicing, post-transcriptional RNA modifications, etc.) to cell populations and even organismal ones (development, aging, cancer, cardiovascular and many other diseases). The development and creation of mutually complementary databases that will aggregate, unify and structure different types of data can help to reach the system level of studying non-coding RNAs. Here we present the RNA-Chrom manually curated analytical database, which contains the coordinates of billions of contacts of thousands of human and mouse RNAs with chromatin. Through the user-friendly web interface (https://rnachrom2.bioinf.fbb.msu.ru/), two approaches to the analysis of the RNA–chromatin interactome were implemented. Firstly, to find out whether the RNA of interest to a user contacts with chromatin, and if so, with which genes or DNA loci? Secondly, to find out which RNAs are in contact with the DNA locus of interest to a user (and probably participate in its regulation), and if there are such, what is the nature of their interaction? For a more detailed study of contact maps and their comparison with other data, the web interface allows a user to view them in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Database URL https://rnachrom2.bioinf.fbb.msu.ru/
BLAB2CancerKD: a knowledge graph database focusing on the association between lactic acid bacteria and cancer, but beyond
Authors: Jing Yi , Feng Baiyang , Gao Jing , Li Jin , Zhou Ganghui , Sun Zhihong , Wang Yufei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In a broad sense, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is a general term for Gram-positive bacteria that can produce lactic acid by utilizing fermentable carbohydrates. It is widely used in essential fields such as industry, agriculture, animal husbandry and medicine. At the same time, LAB are closely related to human health. They can regulate human intestinal flora and improve gastrointestinal function and body immunity. Cancer, a disease in which some cells grow out of control and spread to other body parts, is one of the leading causes of human death worldwide. In recent years, the potential of LAB in cancer treatment has attracted attention. Mining knowledge from the scientific literature significantly accelerates its application in cancer treatment. Using 7794 literature studies of LAB cancer as source data, we have processed 16 543 biomedical concepts and 23 091 associations by using automatic text mining tools combined with manual curation of domain experts. An ontology containing 31 434 pieces of structured data is constructed. Finally, based on ontology, a knowledge graph (KG) database, which is called Beyond ‘Lactic acid bacteria to Cancer Knowledge graph Database’ (BLAB2CancerKD), is constructed by using KG and web technology. BLAB2CancerKD presents all the relevant knowledge intuitively and clearly in various data presentation forms, and the interactive system function also makes it more efficient. BLAB2CancerKD will be continuously updated to advance the research and application of LAB in cancer therapy. Researchers can visit BLAB2CancerKD at.
Database URL http://110.40.139.2:18095/
Differential Effects of Ontamalimab Versus Vedolizumab on Immune Cell Trafficking in Intestinal Inflammation and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Schulze Lisa Lou , Becker Emily , Dedden Mark , Liu Li-Juan , van Passen Chiara , Mohamed-Abdou Mariam , Müller Tanja M , Wiendl Maximilian , Ullrich Karen A M , Atreya Imke , Leppkes Moritz , Ekici Arif B , Kirchner Philipp , Stürzl Michael , Sexton Dan , Palliser Deborah , Atreya Raja , Siegmund Britta ,   TRR241 IBDome consortium, Neurath Markus F , Zundler Sebastian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
The anti-MAdCAM-1 antibody ontamalimab demonstrated efficacy in a phase II trial in ulcerative colitis and results of early terminated phase III trials are pending, but its precise mechanisms of action are still unclear. Thus, we explored the mechanisms of action of ontamalimab and compared it to the anti-α4β7 antibody vedolizumab.

Methods
We studied MAdCAM-1 expression with RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry. The mechanisms of action of ontamalimab were assessed with fluorescence microscopy, dynamic adhesion and rolling assays. We performed in vivo cell trafficking studies in mice and compared ontamalimab and vedolizumab surrogate [-s] antibodies in experimental models of colitis and wound healing. We analysed immune cell infiltration under anti-MAdCAM-1 and anti-α4β7 treatment by single-cell transcriptomics and studied compensatory trafficking pathways.

Results
MAdCAM-1 expression was increased in active inflammatory bowel disease. Binding of ontamalimab to MAdCAM-1 induced the internalization of the complex. Functionally, ontamalimab blocked T cell adhesion similar to vedolizumab, but also inhibited L-selectin-dependent rolling of innate and adaptive immune cells. Despite conserved mechanisms in mice, the impact of ontamalimab-s and vedolizumab-s on experimental colitis and wound healing was similar. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated enrichment of ontamalimab-s-treated lamina propria cells in specific clusters, and in vitro experiments indicated that redundant adhesion pathways are active in these cells.

Conclusions
Ontamalimab has unique and broader mechanisms of action compared to vedolizumab. However, this seems to be compensated for by redundant cell trafficking circuits and leads to similar preclinical efficacy of anti-α4β7 and anti-MAdCAM-1 treatment. These results will be important for the interpretation of pending phase III data.
Risk of serious hypoglycaemia in patients with atrial fibrillation and diabetes concurrently taking antidiabetic drugs and oral anticoagulants: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Huang Huei-Kai , Liu Peter Pin-Sung , Lin Shu-Man , Yeh Jih-I , Hsu Jin-Yi , Peng Carol Chiung-Hui , Munir Kashif M , Loh Ching-Hui , Tu Yu-Kang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aims
Evidence regarding the risks of serious hypoglycaemia for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) taking antidiabetic medications with concurrent non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) vs. warfarin is limited. This study aimed to investigate this knowledge gap.

Methods and results
This retrospective cohort study used nationwide data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database and included a total of 56 774 adult patients treated with antidiabetic medications and oral anticoagulants between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2020. The incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of serious hypoglycaemia were estimated for patients taking antidiabetic drugs with NOACs vs. warfarin. Poisson regression models with generalized estimating equations accounting for intra-individual correlation across follow-up periods were used. Stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to create treatment groups with balanced characteristics for comparisons. Compared to concurrent use of antidiabetic drugs with warfarin, those with NOACs showed a significantly lower risk of serious hypoglycaemia (IRR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.63–0.85, P &lt; 0.001). In the analyses of each NOAC, patients taking dabigatran (IRR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63–0.91, P = 0.002), rivaroxaban (IRR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.61–0.86, P &lt; 0.001), and apixaban (IRR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.57–0.89, P = 0.003) showed a significantly lower risk of serious hypoglycaemia than those taking warfarin.

Conclusion
In patients with AF and DM taking antidiabetic drugs, concurrent use of NOACs was associated with a lower risk of serious hypoglycaemia than concurrent use of warfarin.