bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of ANXA2, HSP90AA1 and PTK2B in synaptic homeostasis through microglial cells in the human entorhinal cortex in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Astillero-Lopez Veronica , Villar-Conde Sandra , Gonzalez-Rodriguez Melania , Flores-Cuadrado Alicia , Ubeda-Banon Isabel , Saiz-Sanchez Daniel , Martinez-Marcos Alino 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Alzheimer´s disease (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, is clinically characterized by cognitive deficits. Neuropathologically, AD brains accumulate deposits of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau proteins. Furthermore, these misfolded proteins can propagate cell to cell in a prion-like manner and induce native proteins to become pathological. The entorhinal cortex (EC) is the earliest area affected by tau accumulation along with volume reduction and neurodegeneration. Neuron–glia interactions are now a focus; however, the role of microglia and astroglia in the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear. Proteomic approaches allow the determination of changes in the proteome to better understand the pathology underlying AD and therefore the identification of possible biomarkers.
Methods
Bioinformatic analysis of proteomic data was performed to compare the EC from AD vs. non-AD human brain tissue. To validate proteomic results, western blot, immunofluorescence and confocal studies were carried out.
Results
The findings revealed that the most disturbed signaling pathway was synaptogenesis, with the impairment of the growth and branching function of the dendrites and axons. Due to their involvement in synapse function, relationship with Aβ and tau proteins and interactions in a pathway analysis, three proteins were selected for further study: HSP90AA1, PTK2B and ANXA2. These proteins showed colocalization with neurons and/or astroglia and microglia and with Aβ and tau proteins.
Conclusions
Taken together, HSP90AA1, PTK2B and ANXA2 may play a significant role in synaptic homeostasis through microglial cells in AD.
Inhibition of SRC-3 as a potential therapeutic strategy for aggressive mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Bijou Imani , Liu Yang , Lu Dong , Chen Jianwei , Sloan Shelby , Alinari Lapo , Lonard David M. , O’Malley Bert W. , Wang Michael , Wang Jin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a heterogeneous disease with a poor prognosis. Despite years of research in MCL, relapse occurs in patients with current therapeutic options necessitating the development of novel therapeutic agents. Previous attempts to pharmacologically inhibit SRC-3 show effectiveness in vivo and in vitro in other B cell lymphomas, and previous studies have shown that SRC-3 is highly expressed in the lymph nodes of B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients. This suggests that SRC-3 may play a role in the progression of B cell lymphoma and that the development of selective SRC inhibitors should be investigated. This study aimed to investigate novel SRC-3 inhibitors, SI-10 and SI-12, in mantle cell lymphoma. The cytotoxic effects of SI-10 and SI-12 were evaluated in a panel of MCL cell lines in vitro by resazurin assay. The in vivo efficacy of SI-10 was confirmed in two ibrutinib-resistant models: an immunocompetent disseminated A20 mouse model of B-cell lymphoma and a human PDX model of MCL. SI-10 treatment resulted in dose-dependent cytotoxicity in a panel of MCL cell lines in vitro. Notably, SI-10 treatment also resulted in a significant extension of survival in vivo with low toxicity in both ibrutinib-resistant murine models. We have investigated SI-10 as a novel anti-lymphoma compound via the inhibition of SRC-3 activity. These findings indicate that targeting SRC-3 should be investigated in combination with current clinical therapeutics as a novel strategy to expand the therapeutic index and to improve lymphoma outcomes.
An end-to-end multi-resolution feature fusion defogging network
Authors: Xue Ping , Deng ShiXiong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Traditional convolutional neural networks work well on single-image defogging synthetic datasets, but for real-world images with different concentrations, it leads to incomplete defogging or distortion and loss of image detail information. In this paper, the authors propose an end-to-end single image defogging network, which adopts an encoderdecoder structure, obtains a large perceptual field of view of high pixels through a large number of pooling operations in the U-Net network, uses operations such as hopping connections to retain most of the image feature information; To achieve superior quality haze removal, the proposed method utilizes a bilateral grid to capture high frequency information pertaining to the image edges in low-resolution pixels. Additionally, relevant haze-related features are extracted, and a local affine model is fitted within the bilateral space. Finally, the high and low pixel data are integrated with the extracted features to generate clear and vivid images. The authors compare the algorithm qualitatively and quantitatively with several state-of-the-art algorithms and show that the algorithm achieves better defogging results in both the SOTS dataset and real-world images, retains high-frequency image details, achieves higher peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and performs better defogging in haze images with different concentrations.
The Evolutionary Impact of Childhood Cancer on the Human Gene Pool
Authors: Stoltze Ulrik , Foss-Skiftesvik Jon , Hansen Thomas , Rasmussen Simon , Karczewski Konrad , Wadt Karin , Schmiegelow Kjeld 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Germline pathogenic variants associated with increased childhood mortality must be subject to natural selection. Here, we analyzed publically available germline genetic metadata from 141,456 adults [gnomAD; 125,748 whole exome sequences (WES) and 15,708 whole genome sequences (WGS)] and 4,810 children with cancer [11 studies; 1,319 WES, 1,950 WGS, and 1,541 gene panel]. We found that pediatric cancer predisposition syndrome (pCPS) genes [n = 85] were highly constrained, harboring only a quarter of the loss-of-function (LoF) variants that would be expected. This strong indication of selective mutational pressure on pCPS genes was found across multiple lines of germline genomics data from both pediatric and adult cohorts. For six genes [ELP1, GPR161, VHL & SDHA/B/C], a clear lack of mutational constraint calls the pediatric penetrance and/or severity of associated cancers into question. Conversely, out of 23 known pCPS genes associated with biallelic risk, two [9%, DIS3L2 and MSH2] showed significant constraint, indicating that they monoallelically increase childhood cancer risk. In summary, we show that population genetic data provide novel evidence that heritable childhood cancer leads to natural selection powerful enough to have significantly impacted the present-day gene pool.
Patterns of flavored e-cigarette use among adults vapers in the United States: an online cross-sectional survey of 69,233 participants
Authors: Farsalinos Konstantinos , Russell Christopher , Polosa Riccardo , Poulas Konstantinos , Lagoumintzis George , Barbouni Anastasia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background.
Flavored e-cigarettes remain a controversial topic with regulators planning or already implementing restrictions worldwide. In this study we examined patterns of flavors use in e-cigarettes among a convenience sample of US adult vapers.
Methods.
Participants aged ≥ 18 years who reported ever using an e-cigarette were included in the study (N = 69233) and responded to an online questionnaire. Their smoking status was recorded as well as patterns of flavors use at e-cigarette use initiation, at the time of the survey and at the time of smoking cessation (for former smokers who were using e-cigarettes at the time of quitting).
Results.
The most popular flavors at e-cigarette use initiation were fruit (82.8%), followed by dessert/pastry/bakery (68.6%) and candy/chocolate/sweet (52.2%). Slightly higher prevalence was observed in never compared to current and former smokers for fruit and dessert/pastry/bakery. Tobacco flavors were used by 20.8% of the participants and was by far least prevalent among never smokers. Similar patterns were observed with participants’choices at the time of the survey, but tobacco flavors use was substantially reduced (7.7%). Only 2.1% reported tobacco as the single most often used flavor. The most prevalent flavor at the time of quitting smoking was again fruit (83.3%), followed by dessert/pastry/bakery (68.0%) and candy/chocolate/sweet (44.5%). These flavors were considered the most helpful for quitting smoking. Tobacco flavor use at the time of smoking cessation was reported by 15.0% while 9.3% considered it helpful for quitting smoking.
Conclusion.
Non-tobacco flavors were popular among the US adult vapers who participated to the study, and were popular choices at the time of quitting smoking for former smokers. Tobacco flavors use prevalence was low and was further reduced over time. Regulators should consider the flavors choice of adult consumers, especially those who quit smoking, when preparing legislation on flavored e-cigarettes.
Assessment of peritoneal lavage for preventing operative site infection in elective pancreatic surgery
Authors: Ishihara Mai , Nakamura Akihiro , Takahashi Yuki , Minegishi Yuzo , Matsuo kenichi , Tanaka Kuniya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background.
Although intraoperative peritoneal lavage often is performed routinely with the aim of reducing peritoneal contamination, evidence of lavage benefit in elective pancreatic surgery is limited.
Methods.
We retrospectively classified patients who had undergone pancreatic surgery to groups given or not given peritoneal lavage, then comparing clinical results. This saline lavage was performed at the end of the operation. The primary endpoint was rate of surgical site infection.
Results.
Among all 104 patients in the study, incidence of infectious complications in the lavage group (n = 65) was significantly higher than in the non-lavage group (n = 39; 35% vs. 15%, P = 0.041), while incidences of postoperative complications overall and surgical site infection did not differ between lavage (80% and 26%) and non-lavage groups (67% and 10%, P = 0.162 and 0.076, respectively). Among 63 patients undergoing pancratoduodenectomy, frequencies of positive bacterial cultures of drainage fluids on postoperative days 1 and 3 were greater in the non-lavage group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.012), but surgical site infection was significantly more frequent in the lavage group (P = 0.043). Among patients with pancreatic and biliary cancer, lavage did not affect frequency of peritoneal recurrence.
Conclusions.
Intraoperative lavage did not prevent surgical site infection or peritoneal recurrence of pancreatobiliary cancer.
Polyphyllin I suppressed the apoptosis of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells Induced By IL-1 β by miR-503-5p/Bcl-2 axis
Authors: Yuan Lei , Miao Hui , Ding Heng , Zhang Fan , Lou Zhen-kai , Li Xing-Guo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:no studies have shown the role and underlying mechanism of PPI-mediated anti- apoptosis activity in NP cells. We aimed to evaluate the effects of PPI in IL-1β-induced apoptosisin vitro.Methods:CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell viability, cell apoptosis evaluated by double-stained flow cytometry (FITC Annexin V/PI), the expression of miRNA- 503-5p was quantified by qRT-PCR, the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 were quantified by Western blot, Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect the targeting relationship between miR-503-5p and Bcl-2.Results:PPI at 40 μg·mL-1markedly promoted the activity of NP cells (P＜0.01). Also, PPI reduced the level of apoptosis and enhanced activity induced by interleukin-1β( IL-1β) in NP cells (P＜0.001，0.01). PPI treatment significantly inhibited the expression of apoptosis-related protein Bax, Cleaved Caspase-3 (P＜0.05, 0.01), and enhanced the level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 (P＜0.01). The activity of NP cells was significantly decreased and the apoptosis rate of NP cells was increased under IL-1β treatment (P＜0.01， 0.001). Moreover, miR-503-5p was highly expressed in IL-1β-injured NP cells (P＜0.001). Furthermore, the effect of PPI on NP cell activity and apoptosis in IL-1β treatment was dramatically reversed by the overexpression of miR-503-5p (P＜0.01，0.01). The targeted binding of miR-503-5p to the 3'UTR of Bcl-2 mRNA was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter gene assays (P＜0.05). In further experiments, compared with miR-503-5p mimics, the effects of PPI on IL-1β-injured NP cell activity and apoptosis were greatly reversed by the co-overexpression of miR-503-5p and Bcl-2 (P＜0.05，0.05).Conclusion:PPI suppressed the apoptosis of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells induced by IL-1β via miR-503-5p/Bcl-2 molecular axis.
A novel approach for congestive heart failure and arrhythmia classification using OD- 1D-LBP with LSTM and 1D-CNN
Authors: TEKİN Hazret , KAYA Yılmaz 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Congestive heart failure (CHF) and heart rhythm disorders (ARR) are known to be the most important heart diseases of the last decades, which have had negative effects on human health directly or indirectly. The early diagnosis of these types of heart diseases and rapid and practical medical intervention is very vital. For the diagnosis of such diseases, it is so difficult for doctors to analyze long ECG signals quickly and detect instantaneous parameter changes in the ECG signal with manual observation technique. Therefore, it is necessary to develop efficient Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems for the early diagnosis of diseases such as ARR and CHF. For this purpose, within the scope of digital signal processing, various statistical and mathematical algorithms have been developed to extract features from signals and various machine learning methods are applied for classification. In this study, a new method is proposed to analyze and classify the ECG signals of CHF, ARR ,and NSR (Normal Sinus Rhythm). This method is based on the local-binary-pattern (LBP) algorithm and is called Orthogonal Difference One Dimensional Local Binary Pattern (OD-1D-LBP). This method is an approach that uses binary information obtained by comparing each point on the signal with its neighbors. Histograms of new signals that are obtained from the proposed method (OD-1D-LBP) are given as input to Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and one-dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (1D-CNN) for classification. If 70% of the input data is applied as training data and 30% as test data, the accuracy rates are obtained at 98.63% for LSTM and 98.86% for 1D-CNN. If only ACF and ARR data are classified; the accuracy rate is obtained at 98.94% for LSTM; and 97.40% for 1D-CNN. Similarly, when ACF and NSR ddataare classified; the accuracy rate is obtained at 99.4% for LSTM; and 98.9% for 1D-CNN. In case ARR and NSR data are classified; the accuracy rates are obtained at 99.2% for LSTM; and 95.2% for 1D-CNN.
Source recovery by analytical maximization of phase-shifted kurtosis for the mixtures of noisy and noiseless signals
Authors: SMATTI El mouataz billah , ARAR Djemai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This manuscript presents a work that provides a study as well as a simple analytical solution for solving the blind source separation problem (BSS) for noiseless and noisy linear mixing of statistically independent stationary and nonstationary signals. The study is based on the exploitation of the probabilistic characteristics of the mixed signals by using the statistics of the second order and the fourth order for the completion of the separation. The proposed solution consists mainly of two steps based on the concept of the geometric solution. For the case of the mixture of two sources (2×2), the first step aims to transform the dependent signals into orthogonal signals (whitening) via the principal component analysis (PCA) principle. After the application of the PCA and in order to complete the statistical independence of the two uncorrelated signals, the second step aims to determine an adequate rotating angle that leads directly to the separation, and this angle is determined in this work analytically by the simple calculation of the phase shift of a sinusoidal objective function based on the sum of the kurtosis of the whitened signals. In the case of several sources (n×n), the solution (2×2) can be applied by a simple generalization which leads to the global separation. Whether for the noisy or noiseless case, the results obtained prove the reliability and efficiency by applying this analytical solution to achieve the desired objective, in particular by comparing the proposed algorithm with the application of two other separation algorithms, one of which involves the application of optimization techniques
Household environment and animal fecal contamination are critical modifiers of the gut microbiome and resistome in young children from rural Nicaragua
Authors: Mills Molly , Lee Seungjun , Piperata Barbara A. , Garabed Rebecca , Choi Boseung , Lee Jiyoung 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Early life plays a vital role in the development of the gut microbiome and subsequent health. While many factors that shape the gut microbiome have been described, including delivery mode, breastfeeding, and antibiotic use, the role of household environments is still unclear. Furthermore, the development of the gut antimicrobial resistome and its role in health and disease is not well characterized, particularly in settings with water insecurity and less sanitation infrastructure.
Results: This study investigated the gut microbiomes and resistomes of infants and young children (ages 4 days-6 years) in rural Nicaragua using Oxford Nanopore Technology’s MinION long read sequencing. Differences in gut microbiome and resistome diversity and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) abundance were examined for associations with host factors (age, sex, height for age z-score, weight for height z-score, delivery mode, breastfeeding habits) and household environmental factors (animals inside the home, coliforms in drinking water, enteric pathogens in household floors, fecal microbial source tracking markers in household floors). We identified the anticipated association of higher gut microbiome diversity with participant age. There were also positive correlations between ruminant and dog fecal contamination of household floors and gut microbiome diversity. However, greater abundances of potential pathogens were identified in the gut microbiomes of participants with higher fecal contamination on their household floors. Path analysis revealed that water quality and household floor contamination independently and significantly influenced gut microbiome diversity when controlling for age. These gut microbiomes contained diverse resistomes, dominated by multidrug, tetracycline, macrolide/lincosamide/streptogramin, and beta-lactam resistance. We found that the abundance of ARGs in the gut decreased with age. The bacterial hosts of ARGs were mainly from the family Enterobacteriaceae, particularly Escherichia coli.
Conclusions: This study identified the role of household environmental contamination in the developing gut microbiome and resistome of young children and infants with a One Health perspective. We found significant relationships between host age, gut microbiome diversity, and the resistome. Understanding the impact of the household environment on the development of the resistome and microbiome in early life is essential to optimize the relationship between environmental exposure and human health.
Changes in the symptom clusters of elderly patients with lung cancer over the course of postoperative rehabilitation and their correlation with frailty and quality of life: a longitudinal study
Authors: Chen Keyu , Yang Dandan , Li Fang , Gao Lihong , Tian Yali , Xu Bin , Xu Xinyi , Xu Qin , Cao Juan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: To explore changes in the symptom clusters of elderly patients with lung cancer at different time points after surgery, and to analyze correlations between cluster severity, frailty and quality of life.
Methods: A longitudinal study was performed from August 2020 to June 2021 that included elderly patients with lung cancer who were operated upon at Jiangsu Province Hospital. Data were collected using the Chinese Tilburg Frailty Indicator, the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory and the Quality of Life-Core scale.
Results: According to exploratory factor analysis, a total of 5 symptom clusters were found and three of them (Global mental function symptom cluster, special mental function symptom cluster and respiratory function symptom cluster) were persistent. The incidence of the top four symptoms changed at different time points. The severity of symptom clusters at different time points was positively correlated with frailty and negatively correlated with quality of life.
Conclusions: Findings may provides a reference for medical staff to implement symptom management in elderly patients with lung cancer after surgery. Frailty may be an important variable affecting the severity of symptom cluster and quality of life of patients.
Existence of periodic traveling waves in a nonlocal convection-diffusion model with chemotaxis and delay effect
Authors: Liu Kaikai , Guo Shangjiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We focus upon the existence of periodic traveling waves in a nonlocal reaction-diffusion model with chemotaxis and nonlocal delay effect. Based on the perturbation method, the existence of periodic traveling waves with large wave speed are obtained by the Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction and the implicit function theorem. The trick of the proof is to treat the wave profile as a solution of an operator in a suitable Banach space.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 35K57 · 34K05
Assessing the ChatGPT Accuracy Through Principles of Statistics Exam: A Performance and Implications
Authors: AL-Qadri Abdo Hasan , Ahmed Salah A.M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This report aimed to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT, a large language model, in understanding and answering questions related to principles of statistics. 15 questions were presented to the model, with correct answers obtained in 93% of cases. Of these, 11 questions were answered correctly on the first attempt (73%), one question required two attempts (7%), and two questions required multiple attempts (13%). One question was not answered correctly (7%). These results suggest that ChatGPT has a strong understanding of statistical principles, but may require further training on certain specific concepts. More recommendations were reported to avoid the negative consequences of ChatGPT on the assessment process in education.