bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate human genome analysis with Element Avidity sequencing
Authors: Carroll Andrew , Kolesnikov Alexey , Cook Daniel E. , Brambrink Lucas , Wiseman Kelly N. , Billings Sophie M. , Kruglyak Semyon , Lajoie Bryan R. , Zhao June , Levy Shawn E. , McLean Cory Y. , Shafin Kishwar , Nattestad Maria , Chang Pi-Chuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe investigate the new sequencing technology Avidity from Element Biosciences. We show that Element whole genome sequencing achieves higher mapping and variant calling accuracy compared to Illumina sequencing at the same coverage, with larger differences at lower coverages (20x-30x). We quantify base error rates of Element reads, finding lower error rates, especially in homopolymer and tandem repeat regions. We use Element’s ability to generate paired end sequencing with longer insert sizes than typical short–read sequencing. We show that longer insert sizes result in even higher accuracy, with long insert Element sequencing giving noticeably more accurate genome analyses at all coverages.
Engineering a SyntheticEscherichia coliCoculture for Compartmentalizedde novoBiosynthesis of Isobutyl Butyrate from Mixed Sugars
Authors: Seo Hyeongmin , Castro Gillian , Trinh Cong T. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTShort-chain esters are versatile chemicals with use as flavors, fragrances, solvents, and fuels. Thede novoester biosynthesis consists of diverging and converging pathway submodules, which is challenging to engineer to achieve optimal metabolic fluxes and selective product synthesis. Compartmentalizing the pathway submodules into specialist cells that facilitate pathway modularization and labor division can present a promising solution. Here, we engineered a syntheticEscherichia colicoculture with the compartmentalized sugar utilization and ester biosynthesis pathways to produce isobutyl butyrate from a mixture of glucose and xylose. To compartmentalize the sugar-utilizing pathway submodules, we engineered a xylose-utilizingE. colispecialist that selectively consumes xylose over glucose and bypasses the carbon catabolite repression (CCR) while leveraging the native CCR machinery to activate a glucose-utilizingE. colispecialist. Upon compartmentalizing the isobutyl butyrate pathway submodules into these sugar-utilizing specialist cells, a robust synthetic coculture could be engineered to selectively produce isobutyl butyrate at a level of 392 mg/L, about 31-fold higher than the monoculture.
Pandemic narratives of library and information centers in Baguio-Benguet
Authors: Balbin Daniel Jr Soriano , Lascano Elizabeth Allan 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
The study aims to determine the extent of COVID-19’s impact on the libraries and information centers within Benguet. It identified the key differences in the effect of the pandemic on each type of library: public, special, school and academic. It recalled and documented the challenges faced by libraries and librarians. It determined which aspects of their library were affected and how they were modified in terms of their policies, personnel, physical space, services, collection, infodemic response and marketing.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used the qualitative descriptive method approach, specifically narrative research design and conducted online focus group discussions in which 14 librarians with managerial or supervisory functions participated. This method was used to explore the topic holistically by using qualitative inquiry. It best suited the purpose of fully understanding the experiences of libraries during the pandemic. The recorded online focus group discussions conducted through Zoom were reviewed and analyzed to identify key themes and responses from the participants. The themes identified from the thematic analysis were further validated with the participants through correspondence, chats or e-mails.

Findings
The findings showed that libraries were faced with challenges brought on by the lack of a written policy for the pandemic response, a lack of information communication and technology skills and resources, strict requirements on physical setup for pandemic compliance, budget cuts or realignments and delayed procurement, misinformation and users’ lack of awareness of the new services offered by the library.

Research limitations/implications
The study focused on the pandemic experiences of libraries and information centers in Baguio-Benguet, which was hailed as a model for local pandemic response, through the lenses of librarians with supervisory roles or functions.

Practical implications
Libraries could reflect on their experiences in this pandemic to plan for future strategies that would be best implemented in situations where face-to-face services are not allowed.

Originality/value
This study presented various best practices from different library institutions that could be emulated in the future. Many of these are still relevant regardless library services are going back to normal.
Huawei smartphone business competition – fighting, surrendering, winning or losing?
Authors: Wonglimpiyarat Jarunee 
Published: August 2023

Learning outcomes
This case study is focused on strategic management of Huawei in sustaining the competitive position in the smartphone market. The discussions in the case study begins with the big picture of “Made in China 2025” policy and China’s 14th Five-Year Plan 2021–2025 attempting to change the country’s image from imitation to innovation. The case study then focuses on Huawei, the major provider of network equipment and smartphones, with the alignment of the national policy. The case demonstrates the difficulties faced by Huawei as a result of US ban. The students are challenged to perform in-depth discussions on various issues guided by the instructor using this Teaching Note. The teaching objectives are as follows: students should be able to analyse Huawei business environment and its strategic capabilities in the smartphone market; students should be able to evaluate the extent to which the effects of US sanction would have on Huawei smartphone operation; and students should be able to evaluate the strategies for Huawei to regain a leading position and achieve competitive advantage in the global smartphone market.

Case overview/synopsis
Huawei is the leading company in the information and communications technology (ICT) sector. Ren Zhengfei, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Huawei, has set the vision of building a global company that could rival the best in the world. Huawei’s heavy investments in research and development (R&D) have brought the company to be a leading brand in the international market. Huawei was charged as a security threat by the Donald Trump administration in 2019. The USA and its allies banned Huawei products, causing the smartphone shipments plummeted dramatically. The case presents a protagonist, Ren Zhengfei, CEO of Huawei, who built the business from a small company to a leading global ICT company. The growth of Huawei was struck by the US sanction with the supply chain being disrupted by a shortage of advanced chip technology to run the smartphone business. The dilemma addressed in this case study is concerned with how Ren Zhengfei could steer the company out of the crisis.

Complexity academic level
This case study was written for use in the courses of Innovation Management and Technology Strategy. The case is designed to support learning at various levels including the graduate, postgraduate and executive classes. Apart from the guided questions (assignment questions provided in the next section), the instructors should consider which specific areas of Huawei should be further explored to support the class discussions to benefit the students at different levels.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CCS 11: Strategy.
How does online employee training enhance organizational growth? The benefits of integrating educational technology into workplace learning
Authors: Zhang Xinlei , Wu Hechao , Huang Xiaoshan , Wu Qin , Wu Yihua 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Online learning becomes a trendy format for workplace training, particularly during the pandemic. This study aims to examine the effects of a technology-assisted self-adaptive training camp on employees’ learning process and acquired knowledge, and the relationship between employees’ knowledge gained and organisational growth.

Design/methodology/approach
The participants were 213 pharmaceutical representatives from a global pharmaceutical business in the Asia-Pacific branch who enrolled in a 21-day professional training camp. Their knowledge gained was calculated by pre-tests and post-test scores captured from an online training system. The company’s profits gained by employees were indicated by individuals’ quarter-over-quarter growth rates. Specifically, the authors applied a series of quantitative analyses to examine the relationship between employees’ knowledge gained, learning quality and organizational growth brought by individuals.

Findings
During the online training session, employees obtained increased professional knowledge significantly. The quality of employees’ learning process was a significant predictor of their learning outcomes. In addition, a positive correlation was found between the knowledge obtained by employees and the company’s quarterly growth rates. A followed-up regression analysis indicated that the greater knowledge improvement an individual achieved, the higher quarter-to-quarter growth rate brought by the individual to the organization.

Originality/value
The study provides educational insights for organisations to effectively train employees’ professional competency through online learning. The investigation on the 21-day camp shows that employees received higher-quality training, resulting in increased revenues and greater workplace flexibility. The findings have implications for supporting the integration of educational technology into workplace training to boost the competency development of employees.
An econometric identification of ineffective common-cold advertising
Authors: Vinod Hrishikesh , Jetta Kurt , Rengifo Minaya Eric 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
This study aims to highlight potential savings in advertising budgets.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses modern computer-based tools including stochastic dominance to check if advertising expenses are increasing sales by using modern causality assessment tools which allow for nonlinearities and use sophisticated assessment of causal impact of ads on sales.

Findings
This study identifies specific media spots where ad budget savings are possible. The marketing managers can take the next step to make small-scale local experiments to reassess this study’s findings.

Research limitations/implications
This study is a statistical observational assessment not based on controlled experiments.

Practical implications
The authors have tools to identify ineffective advertising which can produce huge savings for the organization. The over-the-counter cold remedies have become important due to the pandemic. The tools have wider applicability in marketing research.

Social implications
Less wasteful expenses always benefit the society.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this may be the first such attempt to use sophisticated causal identification tools. Remedies for the common cold sold by seven major US retailers help identify specific retailers and specific media with negative returns on investment.
What's in the black box? How algorithmic knowledge promotes corrective and restrictive actions to counter misinformation in the USA, the UK, South Korea and Mexico
Authors: Chung Myojung 
Published: August 2023

PurposeWhile there has been a growing call for insights on algorithms given their impact on what people encounter on social media, it remains unknown how enhanced algorithmic knowledge serves as a countermeasure to problematic information flow. To fill this gap, this study aims to investigate how algorithmic knowledge predicts people's attitudes and behaviors regarding misinformation through the lens of the third-person effect.Design/methodology/approachFour national surveys in the USA (N = 1,415), the UK (N = 1,435), South Korea (N = 1,798) and Mexico (N = 784) were conducted between April and September 2021. The survey questionnaire measured algorithmic knowledge, perceived influence of misinformation on self and others, intention to take corrective actions, support for government regulation and content moderation. Collected data were analyzed using multigroup SEM.FindingsResults indicate that algorithmic knowledge was associated with presumed influence of misinformation on self and others to different degrees. Presumed media influence on self was a strong predictor of intention to take actions to correct misinformation, while presumed media influence on others was a strong predictor of support for government-led platform regulation and platform-led content moderation. There were nuanced but noteworthy differences in the link between presumed media influence and behavioral responses across the four countries studied.Originality/valueThese findings are relevant for grasping the role of algorithmic knowledge in countering rampant misinformation on social media, as well as for expanding US-centered extant literature by elucidating the distinctive views regarding social media algorithms and misinformation in four countries.
HKT-R Spider reference profiles. A guideline for fact-based decision-making regarding a forensic patients leave
Authors: Ter Horst Paul , Spreen Marinus , Bogaerts Stefan 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to illustrate by means of a case study how HKT-R Spider reference profiles of recidivists and non-recidivists may be supportive in leave decisions.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors describe what is known for recidivists and non-recidivists about changes in risk factors during treatment. The HKT-R Spider is introduced. By comparing a case study to group profiles, the authors illustrate how discussions about leave may be rationalised. From a study among 278 patients to explore the profiles, the authors report the inter agreement, and differences between recidivists and non-recidivists of the clinical HKT-R factors. Intra correlation coefficients, Wilcoxon signed ranks test and independent and paired t-tests are applied. To explore which combination of factors are discriminating between both groups, the authors also performed logistic regression analyses at six treatment stages.

Findings
The inter agreement reliability and internal consistency of the clinical HKT-R scale were acceptable to good in all six stages studied. The HKT-R Spider and profiles can be used to assist in evidence-informed decision-making about leave.

Practical implications
Globally recidivists had somewhat higher levels of clinical risk factors at all six decision moments, but the interpretation of HKT-R Spiders profiles should always be adapted to the individual’s context.

Originality/value
Applying the HKT-R Spider reference profiles on individual cases may structure and rationalize discussions lead to decisions based on clinical facts.
Efficacy and safety of lanadelumab in Japanese patients with hereditary angioedema: A phase 3 multicenter, open‐label study
Authors: Hide Michihiro , Ohsawa Isao , Nurse Christina , Yu Ming ,   for the SHP643‐302 Trial Investigators
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe safety and efficacy of lanadelumab for the prevention of hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks have not been studied in Japanese patients. We report outcomes from a phase 3, multicenter, open‐label study (NCT04180163) of lanadelumab in Japanese patients with HAE. Japanese patients with HAE aged ≥12 years with ≥1 investigator‐confirmed HAE attack during the 4‐week run‐in baseline period were enrolled into the study and received lanadelumab 300 mg every 2 weeks subcutaneously for 52 weeks. Dosing could be reduced to 300 mg every 4 weeks during the second 26‐week treatment period if patients had well‐controlled symptoms (e.g., attack‐free) for 6 months. The primary efficacy endpoint was no investigator‐confirmed HAE attacks (attack‐free status) during days 0–182. Other outcomes included the rate of investigator‐confirmed HAE attacks per month (28 days) and lanadelumab safety. Twelve patients (mean ± SD age 41.9 ± 12.4 years) were enrolled. During the first 26 weeks (days 0–182), five (41.7%) patients were attack‐free. The mean ± SD HAE attack rate per month decreased by 74.0%, from 3.8 ± 2.4 during baseline to 1.2 ± 2.6 during the overall 52‐week treatment period. There were no deaths or discontinuations due to treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs), no severe or serious TEAEs related to lanadelumab, and no positive anti‐drug antibody results. The most frequent TEAEs were injection‐site reactions (37 events in six patients). Most of the injection‐site reaction adverse events were mild in severity. Results of this study support the findings from two global phase 3 studies for lanadelumab use as prophylactic therapy in Japanese patients with HAE.
Vulnerable young people and post‐16 educational aspirations during Covid‐19
Authors: Hartas Dimitra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study used a longitudinal, probability sample survey, Understanding Society Covid‐19, to examine young people's post‐16 educational aspirations at the height of the Covid‐19 pandemic, with a particular emphasis on four vulnerable groups (namely, young carers; Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic young people; young people with long‐term illness and disability; and people with internalising and externalising behavioural difficulties). The findings from this study showed young carers and young people with health conditions to be less likely to choose A levels, despite reporting roughly equal levels of school engagement and school‐related support. The Covid‐19 pandemic has laid bare the obstacles often faced by young carers and young people with pre‐existing health conditions and behaviour difficulties. It is hoped that the findings will contribute to debates about social care and education and will have implications for public policy and action, especially as public services are under enormous strain and are less likely to reach those who need them most.
Assessing the utility of night‐time presentations as a proxy for alcohol‐related harm among young emergency department trauma patients
Authors: Sims Scott A , Pereira Gavin , Fatovich Daniel M , Preen David , O'Donnell Melissa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the usefulness of night‐time presentations to measure alcohol‐related harm (ARH) in young trauma patients, aged 12–24 years, attending Western Australian EDs.MethodsA retrospective longitudinal study examined alcohol‐related ED presentations in Western Australia (WA; 2002–2016) among 12‐ to 24‐year‐olds. Data from the Emergency Department Data Collection, WA State Trauma Registry Database and Hospital Morbidity Data Collection were used to identify ARH through specific codes and text searches. These were compared to ARH estimates based on presentation time. Statistical analysis involved sensitivity and specificity calculations and Cox proportional hazards modelling.ResultsWe identified 2644 (17.8%) night‐time presentations as a proxy measure of ARH among the 14 887 presentations of patients aged 12–24 years. This closely matched the 3064 (20.6%) identified as ARH through coding methods. The highest risk for an ARH presentation occurred during the night hours between 00.00 and 04.59 hours. During these hours, the risk was 4.4–5.1 times higher compared to presentations at midday (between 12.00 and 12.59 hours). However, when looking at individual patients, we observed that night‐time presentations were not a strong predictor of ARH (sensitivity: 0.39; positive predictive value: 0.46).ConclusionsImplementing targeted interventions during night hours could be beneficial in addressing ARH presentations. However, relying solely on the time of presentation as a proxy for ARH is unlikely to effectively identify ARH in young individuals. Instead, the present study emphasises the importance of implementing mandatory data collection strategies in EDs to ensure accurate measurement of ARH cases.
Long‐term efficacy of canakinumab in hyperimmunoglobulin D syndrome
Authors: Ozdemir Isik Ozlem , Karadag Duygu Temiz , Tekeoglu Senem , Yazici Ayten , Cefle Kıvanc , Cefle Ayse 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHyperimmunoglobulin D syndrome (HIDS) is a rare autoinflammatory disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance. It is caused by specific mutations in the mevalonate kinase gene (MVK). No treatment specific to HIDS has been approved to date; however, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, steroids, colchicine, tumor necrosis factor‐α inhibitors, and anti‐interleukin‐1 treatments are used, based on case reports and observational studies. Herein, we report a case with recurrent fever and arthritis attacks who did not respond to anakinra and was successfully treated with canakinumab. Long‐term remission was achieved without any side effects with 300 mg canakinumab treatment every 4 weeks for 5 years.
Fire severity influences the post‐fire habitat structure and abundance of a cool climate lizard
Authors: Letnic Mike , Roberts Bridget , Hodgson Mitchell , Ross Alexandra K. , Cuartas Santiago , Lapwong Yingyod , Price Owen , Sentinella Nicola , Webb Jonathan K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the spring and summer of 2019–2020, the ‘Black Summer’ bushfires burned more than 97 000 km2 of predominantly Eucalyptus dominated forest habitat in eastern Australia. The Black Summer bushfires prompted great concern that many species had been imperilled by the fires. Here, we investigate the effects that fire severity had on the habitat and abundance of a cool climate lizard Eulamprus tympanum that was identified as a species of concern because 37% of its habitat was burnt in the Black Summer bushfires. We quantified habitat structure and the abundance of E. tympanum at sites which were unburnt, burnt at low severity and at high severity 10, 15 and 23 months after the fires. Our classification of fire severity based on scorch height and canopy status corresponded well with the Australian Government Google Earth Engine Burnt Area Map (AUS GEEBAM) fire severity layer. Ten months after the fires, sites burnt at high severity had less canopy cover, more bare ground and less fine fuel than sites burnt at low severity or unburnt sites. The abundance of E. tympanum varied with survey occasion and was greatest during the warmest sampling period and lowest during the coolest sampling period. The abundance of E. tympanum was consistently lower on sites burnt at high severity than sites burnt at low severity or unburnt sites. Our findings show that higher severity fires had a greater effect on E. tympanum than low severity fires. Our results suggest that E. tympanum were likely to have persisted in burnt sites, with populations in low severity and unburnt sites facilitating population recovery in areas burnt at high severity. Our results also suggest that wildfire impacts on E. tympanum populations will increase because the frequency and extent of severe fires are expected to increase due to climate change.