bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomical variations in the Circle of Willis and the formation and rupture of intracranial aneurysms: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Feng Lu , Mao He-Jiao , Zhang Ding-Ding , Zhu Yi-Cheng , Han Fei 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe anterior (AcomA) and posterior communicating arteries (PcomA) are two of the most frequent sites for intracranial aneurysms. Anatomical variations in the Circle of Willis (COW) are frequently observed in patients with AcomA and PcomA aneurysms. Strong evidence is needed to determine the pooled estimate of the effect of COW variations on the formation and rupture of these aneurysms.AimThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to establish the effect of COW variations on the formation and rupture of AcomA and PcomA aneurysms using available studies.Summary of reviewPubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for studies published in English before September 21, 2022. Studies investigating AcomA aneurysms and the hypoplastic/aplastic A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery and PcomA aneurysms and hypoplastic/aplastic PcomA or fetal-type posterior cerebral artery (FTP) were included. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using Cochran Q-test and I2 statistic. Pooled estimate was assessed using either a random- or fixed-effects model based on the heterogeneity of the studies. Among the 4,932 studies, 21 were eligible and included in the analysis. The presence of hypoplastic/aplastic A1 was significantly correlated with the formation [OR (95% confidence interval [CI]) = 7.97 (5.58, 11.39), P &lt; 0.001] and rupture [OR (95%CI) = 1.87 (1.29, 2.72), P &lt; 0.001] of AcomA aneurysms. Significant associations between FTP and both the formation [OR (95%CI) = 2.15 (1.41, 3.30), P &lt; 0.001] and rupture [OR (95%CI) = 1.72 (1.26, 2.36), P &lt; 0.001] of PcomA aneurysms were observed.ConclusionsSignificant associations were observed between COW variations and both the formation and rupture of AcomA and PcomA aneurysms. This can help in determining interventions for patients with aneurysms.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=225149, identifier: CRD42021225149.
The mortality of patients with Parkinson's disease with deep brain stimulation
Authors: Kim Ahro , Kim Han-Joon , Kim Aryun , Kim Yoon , Kim Ahwon , Ong Jed Noel A. , Park Hye Ran , Paek Sun Ha , Jeon Beomseok 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundDeep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is effective in improving motor function in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to investigate mortality associated with bilateral STN DBS in patients with PD and to assess the factors associated with mortality and causes of death after DBS.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 257 patients with PD who underwent bilateral STN DBS at the Movement Disorder Center at Seoul National University Hospital between March 2005 and November 2018. Patients were evaluated preoperatively, at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery and annually thereafter. The cause and date of death were obtained from interviews with caregivers or from medical certificates at the last follow-up.ResultsOf the 257 patients with PD, 48 patients (18.7%) died, with a median time of death of 11.2 years after surgery. Pneumonia was the most common cause of death. Older age of disease onset, preoperative falling score while on medication, and higher preoperative total levodopa equivalent daily dose were associated with a higher risk of mortality in time-dependent Cox regression analysis.ConclusionThese results confirm the mortality outcome of STN DBS in patients with advanced PD.
Efficacy of nucleos(t)ide analogues(NAs) in preventing virus reactivation in oncology patients with HBV infection after chemotherapy or surgery: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Yuqing , Song Yingying , Zhang Huan , Qu Tongshuo , Axinbai Malina , Yang Yidian , Zhang Liping 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to perform a network meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of NAs in decreasing the reactivation of HBV, reducing chemotherapy disruption, and improving survival in oncology patients.MethodsRelevant randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating the impact of NAs in HBV infected-related oncology patients were retrieved from electronic databases. The outcome indicators included reactivation rate, survival rate of 1 to 3 years after treatment, and chemotherapy disruption rate. The studies were evaluated for bias using the RCT risk of bias assessment tool recommended in the Cochrane Handbook. The risk ratio (RR) was used to compare the outcome indicators for the anti-viral treatment, and the surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRA) was used to identify the optimal therapeutic regime.ResultsA total of 67 trials containing 5722 patients were included in this study. Regarding the reduction of reactivation rate, entecavir, lamivudine, adefovir alone were less effective than the combination of lamivudine and entecavir (94.9%), with RR values ranging from 3.16 to 3.73. However, based on SUCRA, the efficacy of telbivudine (80.3%) and the combination of lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil (58.8%) were also acceptable. Entecavir (RR values ranging from 1.25 to 1.50) and lamivudine (RR values ranging from 1.27 to 1.35) can prolong the survival rate of patients at 1-3 years, and were better than adefovir dipivoxil in the comparison of 1-year survival rate. The RR values were 1.18 and 1.19, respectively. And entecavir ‘s ranking in SUCRA was more stable. Entecavir, lamivudine, and tenofovir all reduced chemotherapy interruption rates compared with no antiviral therapy, especially for tenofovir.ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that lamivudine combined with entecavir, telbivudine, and lamivudine combined with adefovir dipivoxil were the most effective in preventing virus reactivation in HBV infected-related cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Entecavir had the most stable effect on survival, while tenofovir had the best impact on reducing the chemotherapy disruption rate. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify the above conclusions.Systematic review registrationPROSPEROI [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/index.php], identifier CRD4202250685.
A four-microRNA panel in serum may serve as potential biomarker for renal cell carcinoma diagnosis
Authors: Li Rongkang , Chen Wenkang , Lu Chong , Li Xinji , Chen Xuan , Huang Guocheng , Wen Zhenyu , Li Hang , Tao Lingzhi , Hu Yimin , Zhao Zhengping , Chen Zebo , Ni Liangchao , Lai Yongqing 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one out of the most universal malignant tumors globally, and its incidence is increasing annually. MicroRNA (miRNA) in serum could be considered as a non-invasive detecting biomarker for RCC diagnosis.MethodA total of 224 participants (112 RCC patients (RCCs) and 112 normal controls (NCs)) were enrolled in the three-phrase study. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was applied to reveal the miRNA expression levels in RCCs and NCs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were utilized to predict the diagnostic ability of serum miRNAs for RCC. Bioinformatic analysis and survival analysis were also included in our study.ResultsCompared to NCs, the expression degree of miR-155-5p, miR-224-5p in serum was significantly upregulated in RCC patients, and miR-1-3p, miR-124-3p, miR-129-5p, and miR-200b-3p were downregulated. A four-miRNA panel was construed, and the AUC of the panel was 0.903 (95% CI: 0.847–0.944; p &lt; 0.001; sensitivity = 75.61%, specificity = 93.67%). Results from GEPIA database indicated that CHL1, MPP5, and SORT1 could be seen as promising target genes of the four-miRNA panel. Survival analysis of candidate miRNAs manifested that miR-155-5p was associated with the survival rate of RCC significantly.ConclusionsThe four-miRNA panel in serum has a great potential to be non-invasive biomarkers for RCC sift to check.
A nomogram diagnostic prediction model of pancreatic metastases of small cell lung carcinoma based on clinical characteristics, radiological features and biomarkers
Authors: Xu Jian-Xia , Hu Jin-Bao , Yang Xiao-Yan , Feng Na , Huang Xiao-Shan , Zheng Xiao-Zhong , Rao Qin-Pan , Wei Yu-Guo , Yu Ri-Sheng 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate clinical characteristics, radiological features and biomarkers of pancreatic metastases of small cell lung carcinoma (PM-SCLC), and establish a convenient nomogram diagnostic predictive model to differentiate PM-SCLC from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) preoperatively.MethodsA total of 299 patients with meeting the criteria (PM-SCLC n=93; PDAC n=206) from January 2016 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 249 patients from hospital 1 (training/internal validation cohort) and 50 patients from hospital 2 (external validation cohort). We searched for meaningful clinical characteristics, radiological features and biomarkers and determined the predictors through multivariable logistic regression analysis. Three models: clinical model, CT imaging model, and combined model, were developed for the diagnosis and prediction of PM-SCLC. Nomogram was constructed based on independent predictors. The receiver operating curve was undertaken to estimate the discrimination.ResultsSix independent predictors for PM-SCLC diagnosis in multivariate logistic regression analysis, including clinical symptoms, CA199, tumor size, parenchymal atrophy, vascular involvement and enhancement type. The nomogram diagnostic predictive model based on these six independent predictors showed the best performance, achieved the AUCs of the training cohort (n = 174), internal validation cohort (n = 75) and external validation cohort (n = 50) were 0.950 (95%CI, 0.917-0.976), 0.928 (95%CI, 0.873-0.971) and 0.976 (95%CI, 0.944-1.00) respectively. The model achieved 94.50% sensitivity, 83.20% specificity, 86.80% accuracy in the training cohort and 100.00% sensitivity, 80.40% specificity, 86.70% accuracy in the internal validation cohort and 100.00% sensitivity, 88.90% specificity, 87.50% accuracy in the external validation cohort.ConclusionWe proposed a noninvasive and convenient nomogram diagnostic predictive model based on clinical characteristics, radiological features and biomarkers to preoperatively differentiate PM-SCLC from PDAC.
Evaluation of age group and sex differences in the measurement of patellar height of pediatric knee in a Korean population
Authors: Kwak Yoon Hae , Park Soo-Sung , Huser Aaron J. , Lim Hyo Won , Baki Sharkawy wagih Abdel , Koh Yong-Gon , Nam Ji-Hoon , Kang Kyoung-Tak 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionVarious methods based on bony landmarks are used to determine patellar height. This study analyzed five methods for patellar height measurement on lateral knee radiographs, namely, the Insall–Salvati, Koshino–Sugimoto, Blackburne–Peel, modified Insall–Salvati, and Caton–Deschamps methods.MethodsOverall, 425 pediatric participants (221 males, 204 females; age range 5–18 years) were included and were divided equally into three age groups (A, 5–10 years; B, 11–13 years; and C, 13–18 years). For the comparison of the applicability of each method, the applicable probabilities for each age group and sex-based differences were analyzed using logistic regression techniques. Intra-rater reliability and inter-rater variability were analyzed by two trained raters.ResultsThe Koshino–Sugimoto method was applicable to all patients. The 80% applicable age of female patients was lower than that of male patients for the Blackburne–Peel (male = 11.9, female = 11) and Caton–Deschamps (male = 11.9, female = 11.1) methods. However, in the Insall–Salvati (male = 12, female = 12.1) and modified Insall–Salvati (male = 12.6, female = 13.1) methods, the 80% applicable age in male patients was lower than that in female patients. The Koshino–Sugimoto method showed the highest variability in group B, while the Insall–Salvati showed the highest variability in group C. In terms of intra-observer reliability, the Caton–Deschamps method showed the same reliability as the Insall–Salvati method, in group C.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated differences in the reliability, variability, and applicability of patellar height measurement methods according to age group. The applicability of patellar height measurement methods also differed according to sex. Therefore, based on age group and sex, different methods should be used for patellar height measurement in pediatric patients.
Curcumin and cinnamon mitigates lead acetate-induced oxidative damage in the spleen of rats
Authors: Emam Mahmoud Abdelghaffar , Farouk Sameh Mohamed , Aljazzar Ahmed , Abdelhameed Abeer A. , Eldeeb Abeer A. , Gad Fatma Abdel-monem 
Published: January 2023

Lead toxicity is a common occupational and environmental health hazard that exerts many toxic effects on animals and humans, including immunotoxicity. Curcumin (CUR) and cinnamon (CIN) are common medicinal herbs with immunostimulatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study investigated the protective effect of curcumin and cinnamon against lead acetate (LA)-induced splenotoxicity in rats via hemato-biochemical, immunological, oxidative stress marker, CYP-2E1 expression, histological, and immunohistological evaluations. Four groups of seven rats each were used: the control group received corn oil as a vehicle; the lead acetate group received (100 mg/kg), the CUR + LA group received curcumin (400 mg/kg) plus lead acetate, and the CIN + LA group received cinnamon (200 mg/kg) plus lead acetate orally for 1 month. LA exposure induced macrocytic hypochromic anemia, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, monocytosis, and lymphopenia. Additionally, significant elevations in serum iron, ferritin levels, and transferrin saturation percentage with significant decline of total and unsaturated iron binding capacities (TIBC and UIBC), transferrin, and immunoglobulin G and M levels were recorded. In addition, lead acetate significantly upregulated splenic CYP-2E1 expression, that was evident by significant depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH) activity and elevation of malondihyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and protein carbonyl (PC) concentrations in the spleen. Histologically, hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles, hemosiderin deposition, and disturbance of CD3 and CD68 immuno-expressions were evident in the spleen from the lead acetate group. However, curcumin and cinnamon administration restored the hemato-biochemical, immunological, and oxidative stress parameters as well as histological and immunohistological pictures toward normalcy. In conclusion, curcumin and cinnamon can partially ameliorate LA-induced oxidative damage in the spleen, possibly through their antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and gene-regulating activities.
Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and antitumor activity of a novel compound, NY-2, in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Yingshi , Xu Chang , Xu Xiangbo , Ma Lingxiang , Li Ruolan , Xu Zihua , Zhao Qingchun 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: ZLDI-8, which has a relatively strong antitumor activity, is an inhibitor of ADAM-17 and acts on the Notch signaling pathway. To further optimize its structure and improve its activity, a series of derivatives of ZLDI-8 was synthesized. NY-2 was the most effective derivative based on preliminary activity screening in vitro, with no obvious toxicity after administration in vivo.Method: The study aimed to determine the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and antitumor activity of compound NY-2 on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vitro and in vivo.Results: The in vivo pharmacokinetics parameters of NY-2 were better than those of ZLDI-8. The tissue distribution analysis showed that tail vein injection of 6 mg/kg of NY-2 in rats resulted in the highest concentration in the lung, so we hypothesized that NY-2 might be effective in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. In vitro assays showed that NY-2 significantly inhibited tumor colony formation, invasion, and migration and increased LDH activity and apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in non-small cell lung cancer cells. NY-2 also inhibited the formation of lung metastases without significant toxicity to major organs in nude mice.Conclusion: Compared with the parent compound, ZLDI-8, the activity and safety of NY-2 were higher. NY-2 acts on ADAM17 and simultaneously affects the downstream Notch1 and integrinβ1 signaling pathways resulting in antitumor activity. Thus, NY-2 could be a potential antitumor agent, inhibiting the organization and development of non-small cell lung cancer.
Analysis of spontaneous reports of suspected adverse reactions after vaccination against COVID-19 in Slovakia
Authors: Lassanova Monika , Lassan Stefan , Liskova Silvia , Tesar Tomas , Cicova Monika 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in more than 6.5 million deaths worldwide yet. Vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a reliable way out of the pandemic, however, vaccination rate reaches only 58% in the Slovak Republic. Concerns about the adverse reactions of vaccines are one of the reasons for the low vaccination rate.Objective: The aim of our analysis was to review reported suspicions of adverse reactions (ARs) of registered COVID-19 vaccines (Comirnaty, Vaxzevria, Spikevax), which State Institute for Drug Control received from healthcare professionals and patients in the period from 1 January 2021 to 31 May 2021.Methods: Data were collected from the State Institute for Drug Control database, a retrospective analysis was carried out focusing on trends in the number of all reports of suspicions of adverse reactions sent to the State Institute for Drug Control during the previously mentioned period. We analysed the Retrieved data were analysed with the usage of descriptive statistics and comparison to historical data on drug adverse reactions in Slovakia was performed.Results: During the evaluation period, 5,763 reported suspicions of adverse reactions were analysed, overall, there was a significant (p &lt; 0.0001) increase in the number of reported adverse reactions fivefold. 93% of ARs (n = 5,346) were reported for COVID-19 vaccines. In comparison of the extentof all adverse reactions, there is clearly a statistically significant difference between all types of vaccines administered at that time (p ≤ 0.0001). No statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.238) was identified between Spikevax and Comirnaty in the proportion of serious adverse reactions. However, a significantly higher (p ≤ 0.00001) proportion of reported suspicions of serious adverse reactions was observed after the administration of Vaxzevria.Conclusion: This is the first analysis conducted in Slovakia aimed to reported adverse reactions in relation to the administration of COVID-19 vaccines. The rate of spontaneously reported suspected adverse reactions has been insufficient in the past for a long time; during the period from January to May 2021 the reporting rate increased due active calls for adverse reactions reporting. In concordance with European data, Vaxzevria had a significantly higher ratio of reported suspicions of serious adverse reactions.
Assessment of oppositional defiant disorder and oppositional behavior in children and adolescents with Down syndrome
Authors: Fucà Elisa , Cirillo Flavia , Celestini Laura , Alfieri Paolo , Valentini Diletta , Costanzo Floriana , Vicari Stefano 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionChildren and adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) exhibit higher rates of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) than typically developing (TD) peers. However, studies focusing on the investigation of ODD prevalence in youth with Down syndrome (DS) are still limited.MethodsThe current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of ODD clinical and subclinical symptoms in a group of 101 youth with DS (63 boys, 38 girls) ranging in age from 6 to 18 years. Moreover, the prevalence of ODD symptoms, as detected by means of three parent-report questionnaires, was compared with that detected by a semi-structured psychopathological interview, namely, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children Present and Lifetime (K-SADS) Version Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5).ResultsWe found that 17% of participants met diagnostic criteria for ODD on the K-SADS, whereas 24% exhibited subclinical symptoms. Results also suggest good specificity of Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-IV Rating Scale (SNAP-IV), Conners’ Parent Rating Scales Long Version (CPRS) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in detecting ODD symptoms. The investigation of the agreement in the prevalence rates of clinical and subclinical symptoms of ODD between K-SADS and the parent-report questionnaires indicated CPRS as the parent-report questionnaire with the best agreement with K-SADS.DiscussionThis study provides support for the use of parent-report questionnaires to assess ODD symptoms in children and adolescents with DS by evaluating their levels of agreement with a semi-structured psychopathological interview. In particular, our results suggest that CPRS could be considered a suitable screening tool for ODD clinical and subclinical symptoms in youth with DS.
Associations among past trauma, post-displacement stressors, and mental health outcomes in Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh: A secondary cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Ritsema Haley , Armstrong-Hough Mari 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThe Rohingya endured intense trauma in Myanmar and continue to experience trauma related to displacement in Bangladesh. We aimed to evaluate the association of post-displacement stressors with mental health outcomes, adjusting for previously experienced trauma, in the Rohingya refugee population in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.MethodsWe analyzed data from the Cox's Bazar Panel Survey, a cross sectional survey consisting of 5,020 household interviews and 9,386 individual interviews completed in 2019. Using logistic regression, we tested the association between post-displacement stressors such as current exposure to crime and conflict and two mental health outcomes: depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In adjusted analyses, we controlled for past trauma, employment status, receiving an income, food security, and access to healthcare and stratified by gender.ResultsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms was 30.0% (n = 1,357) and PTSD 4.9% (n = 218). Most (87.1%, n = 3,938) reported experiencing at least one traumatic event. Multiple post-displacement stressors, such as current exposure to crime and conflict (for men: OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.52–3.28, p &lt; 0.001; for women: OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.44–2.56, p &lt; 0.001), were associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms in multivariable models. Trauma (OR = 4.98, 95% CI = 2.20–11.31, p &lt; 0.001) was associated with increased odds of PTSD. Living in a household that received income was associated with decreased odds of PTSD (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.55–1.00, p = 0.05).ConclusionPrevalence of depressive symptoms was high among Rohingya refugees living in Cox's Bazar. Adjusting for past trauma and other risk factors, exposure to post-displacement stressors was associated with increased odds of depressive symptoms. There is a need to address social determinants of health that continue to shape mental health post-displacement and increase mental healthcare access for displaced Rohingya.