bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trick of the Eye: Prospect Gazing, Illusion, and the University Novel
Authors: Bunzel Jordan Lewis 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Literary critics often cast the English university novel as a traditionalist relic of the nineteenth century, one largely defensive of Oxbridge classics and masculinity. Yet the subgenre was a more subversive cultural nexus of sorts: an attempted reconciliation of novel form with the era’s emerging and optically illusive technologies. These Bildungsromane, largely or exclusively set at universities, value letting undergraduates stare at and learn to enjoy outdoor vistas. In turn, they frequently compare those college landscapes to illusory devices like panoramas and magic lanterns. The fictions thus represent a struggle to bridge conventional Oxbridge education with innovative outdoor learning, and Romantic natural aesthetics with a visual subjectivism more akin to the early modernists. The essay begins by linking the so-called visual turn of nineteenth-century studies with the fewer book-length accounts of university fiction. The paper’s second section then defines natural versus what I call illusory prospect gazing in English culture; where the former involved staring at outdoor vistas for pleasure, the latter offered this through indoor and often unsettlingly virtual landscapes. Finally, the essay turns to university novels, which combine both forms of prospect gazing for students’ educative benefits. While earlier fictions liken college grounds to panoramas, later ones grow fascinated with photographic, phantasmagoric, and kaleidoscopic vistas. We can begin to re-evaluate the university novel, then, as one of the era’s new optical technologies: it taught undergraduate characters and readers alike to visually enjoy and distrust their surroundings, and to confront the Romantic legacies and dizzying futures of novel form.
Clinical application of a real-time polymerase chain reaction test for CYP2C19 genotyping based on genotype distribution in a healthy Korean population
Authors: Park Kuenyoul , Yoo Soo Jin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
With the recent reports of additional alleles of the CYP2C19 gene with decreased or no function, the clinical utility of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based testing that detects only a small number of variant targets needs to be evaluated.

Method
We retrospectively reviewed 7-year data for real-time PCR test records from a single hospital and analyzed CYP2C19 genotypes from publicly available whole-genome or whole-exome data from a healthy Korean population.

Results
Of the 2327 test results in this hospital, the *1 allele was most common (60.5%), followed by *2 (28.0%), *3 (10.1%), and *17 (1.4%). Among 5305 healthy Korean individuals, the frequencies of the *2, *3, and *17 alleles were 28.6%, 9.9%, and 1.0%, respectively, which were not statistically different from those of the hospital data (P = .4439, P = .6025, and P = .1142, respectively). Interestingly, the total frequency of additional nonfunctional alleles (*4, *6, *22, and *24) that could not be detected using real-time PCR was only 0.1%, with a total allele count of 8.

Conclusion
Our study shows that the clinical utility of real-time PCR for CYP2C19 genotyping remains satisfactory. However, caution should be exercised because the test can miss patients with decreased CYP2C19 function.
A Critical Minority
Authors: Englund Heather M. , MacWilliams Brent , Mott Jason 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

AIM
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between gender and marginalization in nursing academia.

BACKGROUND
Men continue to be significantly underrepresented in nursing academia because they experience numerous barriers to their integration and success in the profession.

METHOD
A descriptive cross-sectional design was implemented in this pilot study to investigate differences in perceived marginalization between male versus female faculty teaching in Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education-accredited colleges. Marginality was measured using the Englund Marginality Index (EMI).

RESULTS
Male nursing faculty participants reported higher scores on the EMI (M = 43.6, SD = 9.9) than female faculty (M = 37.2, SD = 9.6), t(1428) = 6.0, p < .001.

CONCLUSION
As the nursing faculty shortage continues to increase, it is imperative that leaders in nursing education steer their efforts toward attracting a more robust and diverse faculty population.
Using Virtual Remote Interpretation in Simulation for Clients With Limited English Proficiency
Authors: Marcus Jessica , Hendry Terri 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Providing culturally responsive communication to clients with limited English proficiency (LEP) is important to achieve equitable care. Ensuring nurses are trained in effective communication using interpreters or interpretation devices can begin before licensure. Virtual remote interpretation (VRI) is commonly used in the absence of in-person interpretation for clients with LEP. The purpose of this simulation activity was to evaluate student performance and perceptions related to culturally responsive communication when using VRI in a prenatal care simulation of clients with LEP.
Integrating LGBTQI+ Content in Nursing Education Using Immersive Virtual Reality: Embodying Eden
Authors: Hannans Jaime 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Teaching nursing students to understand LGBTQI+ health care perspectives is critical in providing safe and effective care. Nursing curricula often have limited LGBTQI+ content to prepare students, with clinical experiences too varied to ensure exposure to specific gender diversity learning opportunities. Immersive virtual reality is a promising strategy to offer rich learning experiences from the perspective of the LGBTQI+ community.
Addressing Nursing Students’ Understanding of Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health: An Innovative Teaching-Learning Strategy
Authors: Swan Beth Ann , Giordano Nicholas A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Immersive learning opportunities across care settings enhance nursing students’ understanding of the environmental, social, cultural, and policy factors that influence patients’ health (e.g., social determinants of health) and care utilization. Hotspotting happens when care teams visit patients with frequent hospital admissions to coordinate outpatient care. However, geographic limitations may inhibit the delivery of hotspotting learning opportunities available to students. Delivering immersive hotspotting opportunities over virtual reality helps to overcome this barrier. This overview summarizes the design and implementation of a virtual reality hotspotting experience designed to aid students in understanding the impact of social determinants of health on care transitions.
Using a Flipped Classroom and Role-Play to Introduce Nursing Students to LGBTQIA+ Patient Care
Authors: Jordan Christina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This project used a flipped classroom method to introduce prelicensure baccalaureate nursing students to the concept of sexual orientation and gender identity and increase student knowledge and comfort in the care of these individuals. Teaching-learning strategies included self-instruction via video and classroom activities of group discussion and role-play. The educational activity used a pre- and posttest design to evaluate learning outcomes. After implementation, students reported a greater understanding of the needs of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex, and asexual (LGBTQIA+) patients. The results suggest that even a short introduction to the LGBTQIA+ patient’s needs could increase nursing students’ knowledge.
Nonestrogen Therapies for Treatment of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause
Authors: Casiano Evans Elizabeth A. , Hobson Deslyn T. G. , Aschkenazi Sarit O. , Alas Alexandriah N. , Balgobin Sunil , Balk Ethan M. , Dieter Alexis A. , Kanter Gregory , Orejuela Francisco J. , Sanses Tatiana V. D. , Rahn David D. 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To systematically review the literature and provide clinical practice guidelines regarding various nonestrogen therapies for treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM).

DATA SOURCES:
MEDLINE, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to July 2021. We included comparative and noncomparative studies. Interventions and comparators were limited to seven products that are commercially available and currently in use (vaginal dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA], ospemifene, laser or energy-based therapies, polycarbophil-based vaginal moisturizer, Tibolone, vaginal hyaluronic acid, testosterone). Topical estrogen, placebo, other nonestrogen products, as well as no treatment were considered as comparators.

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:
We double-screened 9,131 abstracts and identified 136 studies that met our criteria. Studies were assessed for quality and strength of evidence by the systematic review group.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:
Information regarding the participants, details on the intervention and comparator and outcomes were extracted from the eligible studies. Alternative therapies were similar or superior to estrogen or placebo with minimal increase in adverse events. Dose response was noted with vaginal DHEA and testosterone. Vaginal DHEA, ospemifene, erbium and fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser, polycarbophil-based vaginal moisturizer, tibolone, hyaluronic acid, and testosterone all improved subjective and objective signs of atrophy. Vaginal DHEA, ospemifene, tibolone, fractional CO2 laser, polycarbophil-based vaginal moisturizer, and testosterone improved sexual function.

CONCLUSION:
Most nonestrogen therapies are effective treatments for the various symptoms of GSM. There are insufficient data to compare nonestrogen options to each other.
Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segment Implantation Followed by Simultaneous Topography-Guided Photorefractive Keratectomy and Corneal Cross-Linking for Contact Lens–Intolerant Keratoconus
Authors: Gupta Aanchal , Huang Sonia , Sun Michelle T. , Zamora-Alejo Katherine 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Keraring implantation followed by simultaneous topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy (TGPRK) and corneal cross-linking (CXL) in the management of keratoconus.Methods:This is a single-center, private practice, retrospective review. Patients with keratoconus who were intolerant to contact lens wear underwent implantation of the Keraring, followed by TGPRK with CXL from 2 to 36 months after implantation. Main outcome measures were uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refraction (cylinder and spherical equivalent), keratometry (steep, maximum, and central), and central corneal thickness (CCT). Patients were followed up for 3 to 60 months postoperatively.Results:Fifty-seven eyes from 45 patients were included. The mean time between Keraring and TGPRK/CXL was 6.0 ± 6.0 months. Patients were followed up for a mean of 28.6 ± 20.1 months after Keraring insertion. At 12-month follow-up, there was a statistically significant improvement in mean UDVA (0.94 ± 0.49–0.35 ± 0.23,P< 0.01), CDVA (0.39 ± 0.26–0.17 ± 0.15,P< 0.01), cylinder (−4.97 ± 2.68 to −1.74 ± 1.25,P< 0.01), steep keratometry (51.25 ± 3.37–45.03 ± 2.27,P< 0.01), central keratometry (52.59 ± 4.98–46.99 ± 3.53,P< 0.01), and maximum keratometry (58.78 ± 4.22–50.76 ± 3.42,P< 0.01). These results were sustained at 48-month follow-up. CCT decreased at 12 months after TGPRK (461.84 ± 27.46–418.94 ± 45.62,P< 0.01) and remained stable at 60 months. Postoperatively, 2 eyes (3.51%) had corneal haze, resulting in decrease in CDVA; 1 was treated successfully with repeat PRK; and 1 patient (1.75%) had wound melt due to partial Keraring extrusion, which settled with repositioning.Conclusions:Keraring implantation followed by simultaneous TGPRK and CXL appears to be effective in the long term in improving UDVA, CDVA, cylinder, CCT, and keratometry in patients with keratoconus who are intolerant to contact lenses.
How is Aging Perceived to Affect Well-being in Women Older than 50 Years Living With HIV? A Qualitative Systematic Review
Authors: Conway Rebecca , Evangeli Michael 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Advances in HIV treatment have led to more people with HIV living to 50 years and older. No reviews have qualitatively analyzed and synthesized the literature relevant to theory and practice for well-being specifically in Women living with HIV (WLWH) aged 50 years and older. Sixteen eligible qualitative studies were critically appraised and thematically synthesized to investigate how aging was perceived to affect well-being in WLWH aged 50 years and older. Six themes demonstrated how HIV-related stigmas negatively affected social well-being, and how adjusting to living and aging with HIV negatively affected psychological and physical well-being of older WLWH. Holding caring roles also negatively affected physical well-being of WLWH. Globally, majority women aging with HIV were found to experience additional stigmas. Further research could elucidate how HIV-related stigma affects the well-being of global majority women living and aging with HIV. Recommendations are made for future HIV-related clinical practice and theory development.
Efficacy of ranibizumab combined with photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy: A meta-analysis study
Authors: Yin Hongli , Zhong Senquan 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Ranibizumab addition may benefit to improve the efficacy in patients with diabetic retinopathy than only photocoagulation, and this meta-analysis aims to explore the impact of ranibizumab addition on efficacy for diabetic retinopathy.

Methods:
PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases were systematically searched, and we included randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of ranibizumab addition on patients with diabetic retinopathy for this meta-analysis.

Results:
Six randomized controlled trials were finally included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control intervention for diabetic retinopathy, ranibizumab addition showed significantly increased number of neovascularization area reduction (OR = 4.20; 95% CI = 1.47–12.02; P = .007) and reduced fluorescein leakage (MD = −2.53; 95% CI = −3.31 to −1.75; P < .00001), but showed no obvious impact on neovascularization area (MD = −1.80; 95% CI = −3.68 to 0.08; P = .06), photocoagulation retreatment (OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.47–2.27; P = .94) or adverse events (OR = 1.45; 95% CI = 0.49–4.29; P = .50).

Conclusions:
Ranibizumab combined with photocoagulation is effective to improve efficacy for diabetic retinopathy.
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma arising in the stomach and abdominal cavity: A case report
Authors: Zhan Ting , Xing Shanshan , Lu Chunhua 
Published: August 2023

Rationale:
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a rare mesenchymal tumor that typically develops in lymph nodes; it is clinically uncommon and has only occasionally been documented in cases of soft tissue, liver and spleen, and retroperitoneum; it is also extremely uncommon to develop in the stomach.

Patient concerns:
A 64-year-old woman who discovered a lump in her left upper abdomen 6 months prior and was taken to the hospital due to excruciating abdominal pain.

Diagnosis:
An abdominal computed tomography scan showed a soft tissue mass around the cardia. The immunohistochemical and postoperative histopathology results were compatible with FDCS.

Interventions:
The patient underwent “radical total gastrectomy and esophagojejunostomy” (Roux-Y anastomosis).

Outcomes:
The patient recovered well 2 months after surgery.

Lessons:
We report a case of FDCS occurring in the stomach and abdominal cavity, which was unique in terms of clinical location, clinical presentation, and imaging signs. This case report aims to enhance clinicians’ understanding and diagnosis of FDCS in the stomach and abdominal cavity and reduce the rate of clinical misdiagnosis.
Fortuitously detected primary ovarian carcinoid tumor: A case report
Authors: Choi Hwa Yeon , Pak Min Gyoung , Park Jung-Woo 
Published: August 2023

Rationale:
Carcinoid tumors, derived from the cells of the disseminated neuroendocrine system, are rare, slow-growing neuroendocrine neoplasms that display a relatively indolent disease course. The majority of carcinoids are found within the gastrointestinal tract and bronchopulmonary system. Primary ovarian carcinoids are rare and account for merely 1% of all carcinoid tumors. We describe our experience of a rare case of primary ovarian carcinoid, presenting as chronic constipation, with no other carcinoid symptoms such as flushing, diarrhea, and wheezing.

Patient concerns:
A 51-year-old postmenopausal woman with chronic constipation visited the clinic for routine check-up of her preexisting uterine fibroids. She had undergone hemorrhoidectomy 3 years ago. Physical examination revealed a soft abdomen without direct or rebound tenderness. Transvaginal ultrasonography revealed two subserosal fibroids, which had increased in size compared with previous ultrasonographic findings. A 3 cm hyperechoic mass was also detected in the right ovary. Her blood and urine tests were unremarkable, with no ascites in the pelvic cavity. She had a normal CA-125 level of 5.5 units/mL.

Diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes:
The patient underwent a robot-assisted hysterectomy and right salpingo-oophorectomy because of enlarging fibroids and the right ovarian mass. Subsequently, based on the pathological and immunohistochemical findings, she was diagnosed with a primary ovarian carcinoid. The mass consisted of the insular and trabecular types of tumor cells. It was positive for pan-cytokeratin and synaptophysin, and the Ki-67 proliferation index was less than 1%. A follow-up positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed no distant metastasis. Six months postoperatively, the patient was doing well without any signs of recurrence.

Lessons:
Primary ovarian carcinoids without teratoma components are rare. It is crucial to make an accurate diagnosis based on the immunohistochemical staining results. Diagnosis in the early stages of the disease are associated with a favorable prognosis, but regular follow-up is mandatory.
Cardiac tamponade due to eosinophilia treated with intravenous corticosteroid: A case report
Authors: Taniguchi Hiroaki , Kaneko Mayuko , Kiriu Nobuaki , Kiyozumi Tetsuro 
Published: August 2023

Rationale:
Cardiac tamponade, a condition in which the heart is compressed by pericardial fluid retention, is easy to diagnose; however, identifying the cause may be challenging since it can be caused by a variety of conditions, including trauma and pericardial disease.

Patient concerns:
A 22-year-old man was admitted to the intensive care unit with respiratory failure. He had previously received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia and developed chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) that was treated with a corticosteroid. At this time, he developed bilateral femur head necrosis and underwent surgery after discontinuation of the corticosteroid but developed respiratory failure postoperatively. The initial diagnosis was cardiac failure, which temporarily improved with treatment; however, eosinophilia and pericardial effusions became prominent.

Diagnoses:
Pericardial effusion gradually progressed, resulting in cardiac tamponade.

Interventions:
Pericardiocentesis was performed. Eosinophilia could be the cause of cardiac tamponade; thus, corticosteroid was administered.

Outcomes:
Pericardial effusion improved remarkably after corticosteroid administration. The corticosteroid dose was gradually tapered, and the patient was discharged.

Lessons:
This case presented with cardiac tamponade associated with eosinophilia, probably owing to graft-versus-host disease. This is an unusual condition associated with a history of hematologic neoplasms; although evaluation is challenging, appropriate assessment could help save the patient’s life.
Clinical benefits of FOLFOXIRI combined with bevacizumab for advanced-stage primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the appendix: A case report
Authors: Huang Nana , Lu Yishan , Wang Rui , Gao Ping , Liu Ge 
Published: August 2023

Rationale:
Signet-ring cell carcinoma, which is an infrequent type of colorectal cancer. Abdominal pain is the primary presenting complaint of patients with acute appendicitis. It is difficult to diagnose patients with appendiceal carcinomas accompanying with symptoms of acute appendicitis.

Patient Concerns:
A 33-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital, with chief complaints of “bilateral pelvic space-occupying lesions for 1 month, aggravated abdominal distension, and she accompanied with diarrhea for 3 days.”

Diagnosis:
The patient was with primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the appendix, presented with acute appendicitis, as well as bilateral ovarian metastasis and peritoneal implantation metastasis.

Interventions:
She was then treated with irinotecan, oxaliplatin, calcium folinate, 5-FU combined with bevacizumab, surgical treatment, and postoperative adjuvant treatment with oxaliplatin, capecitabine regimen to consolidate the efficacy.

Outcomes:
The patient is in good conditions, and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is in progress as well.

Conclusion:
The outcomes highlighted the importance of strict histopathologic assessment for appendiceal adenocarcinoma, and provided new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of advanced-stage signet ring cell carcinoma of the appendix.
Pulmonary sarcoidosis-like reactions induced by sintilimab in esophageal cancer: A case report
Authors: Li Haoqian , Mu Fengchun , Zou Bing , Wang Linlin 
Published: August 2023

Rationale:
Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in the world, with high incidence and mortality rates ranking among the top ten in China. The efficacy of conventional treatments is limited and often accompanied by severe adverse reactions, which results in unsatisfactory outcomes. The mechanism of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is to activate cytotoxic T cells to kill tumor cells expressing tumor antigens. The application of ICIs has profoundly changed the mode of cancer treatment. However, the use of ICIs also induces a series of adverse reactions similar to autoimmune reactions, called immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Some ICIs can cause manifestations similar to those in the development of sarcoidosis, which are called sarcoidosis-like reactions or granulomatosis.

Patient concerns:
We report a 50-year-old Chinese male patient.

Diagnoses:
The patient had been diagnosed with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma , and was confirmed to have pulmonary sarcoidosis-like reactions associated with sintilimab, a human programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor.

Interventions:
The patient was administered corticosteroid treatment.

Outcomes:
After receiving steroid treatment, the patient’s systemic and pulmonary symptoms improved rapidly. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pulmonary sarcoidosis-like reaction in a patient with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The patient then continued to receive 1 year of follow-up antitumor treatment after the appearance of lung pulmonary sarcoidosis-like reactions. The prognosis was good and the patient’s condition is currently stable.

Lessons:
The diagnosis of ICI-induced sarcoidosis often requires comprehensive evaluation through clinical, pathological, and radiological assessment. A subset of patients with sarcoidosis-like reactions may not require treatment unless there is organ dysfunction or severe clinical symptoms, and these reactions generally respond well to treatment. The occurrence of sarcoidosis-like reactions after immunotherapy is positively correlated with the long-term prognosis of cancer patients. However, this hypothesis requires larger prospective studies for validation.