bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of smoking cessation on the high-risk population of lung cancer with early screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials until January 2022
Authors: Huang Simin , Tang Oufeng , Zheng Xutong , Li Hui , Wu Yuxin , Yang Liu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer has always been the malignant tumor with the highest incidence rate. Smoking is the most important risk factor for lung cancer. Although potential positive effects of smoking cessation interventions on the high-risk population of lung cancer have been observed, evidence of its definitive effect remains uncertain. This study aimed to summarize the evidence related to the effects and safety of smoking cessation interventions for the high-risk population of lung cancer.

Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted through the following seven databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Science Direct. Screening and assessment for risk of bias were conducted by two independent reviewers. Meta-analysis was performed for the 7-day-point prevalence of smoking abstinence and continuous smoking abstinence using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results
Meta-analysis results show that in the 7-day-point prevalence of smoking abstinence (by patient-reported outcome): individualized intervention was significantly higher than that of the standard care [RR = 1.46, 95%CI = (1.04,2.06), P < 0.05]. Moreover, the smoking cessation interventions were significantly elevated than that of standard care [RR = 1.58, 95%CI = (1.12, 2.23), P < 0.05] within 1–6 month follow-up time. In line with the findings in cigarette smoking, the continuous smoking abstinence of E-cigarettes (biochemical verified): E-cigarettes were significantly higher than that of the standard care [RR = 1.51, 95%CI = (1.03, 2.21), P < 0.05], and within 1–6 month follow-up time, the smoking cessation interventions were significantly greater than that of standard care [RR = 1.51, 95%CI = (1.03, 2.21), P < 0.05]. Publication bias was detected possibly.

Conclusions
The results of this systematic review show that smoking cessation intervention is effective for long-term lung cancer high-risk smokers who participate in early screening, of which E-cigarettes are the best, followed by individual smoking cessation.

Trial registration
A review protocol was developed and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Trial registration: CRD42019147151. Registered 23 June 2022.
Central-line associated bloodstream infections in intensive care units before and after implementation of daily antiseptic bathing with chlorhexidine or octenidine: a post-hoc analysis of a cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Denkel Luisa A. , Schwab Frank , Clausmeyer Jörg , Behnke Michael , Golembus Jennifer , Wolke Solvy , Gastmeier Petra , Geffers Christine ,   the CLIP-ID study group
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds
Antiseptic bathing did not reduce central-line (CL) associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates in intensive care units (ICU) according to a recent cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT). However, this analysis did not consider baseline infection rates. Our post-hoc analysis of this cRCT aimed to use a before-after comparison to examine the effect of daily bathing with chlorhexidine, octenidine or water and soap (control) on ICU-attributable CLABSI rates.

Methods
A post-hoc analysis of a multi-center cRCT was done. ICUs that did not yet perform routine antiseptic bathing were randomly assigned to one of three study groups applying daily bathing with 2% chlorhexidine-impregnated cloths, 0.08% octenidine wash mitts or water and soap (control) for 12 months. Baseline data was assessed 12 months before the intervention started when all ICUs routinely used water and soap. Poisson regression and generalised estimating equation models were applied to identify changes of CLABSI rates per 1000 CL days between intervention and baseline periods in each study group.

Results
The cRCT was conducted in 72 ICUs (24 per study group) including 76,139 patients in the baseline and 76,815 patients in the intervention period. In the chlorhexidine group, incidence density of CLABSI was reduced from 1.48 to 0.90 CLABSI per 1000 CL days comparing baseline versus intervention period (P = 0.0085). No reduction was observed in the octenidine group (1.26 versus 1.47 CLABSI per 1000 CL days, P = 0.8735) and the control group (1.20 versus 1.17, P = 0.3298). Adjusted incidence rate ratios (intervention versus baseline) were 0.63 (95%CI 0.46–0.87, P = 0.0172) in the chlorhexidine, 1.17 (95% CI 0.79–1.72, P = 0.5111) in the octenidine and 0.98 (95% CI 0.60–1.58, P = 0.9190) in the control group. Chlorhexidine bathing reduced CLABSI with gram-positive bacteria, mainly coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS).

Conclusions
In this post-hoc analysis of a cRCT, the application of 2% chlorhexidine-impregnated cloths reduced ICU-attributable CLABSI. This preventive effect of chlorhexidine was restricted to CLABSI caused by gram-positive pathogens (CoNS). In contrast, 0.08% octenidine wash mitts did not reduce CLABSI rates in ICUs.
Trial registration Registration number DRKS00010475, registration date August 18, 2016.
Transcriptional regulation on effector T cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis
Authors: Qu Yuying , Li Dongmei , Xiong Huabao , Shi Dongmei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPsoriasis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases, characterized by scaly erythematous plaques on the skin. The accumulated evidence on immunopathology of psoriasis suggests that inflammatory reaction is primarily mediated by T helper (Th) cells. The differentiation of Th cells plays important roles in psoriatic progression and it is regulated by transcription factors such as T-bet, GATA3, RORγt, and FOXP3, which can convert naïve CD4+ T cells, respectively, into Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg subsets. Through the activation of the JAK/STAT and Notch signaling pathways, together with their downstream effector molecules including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17, TGF-β, these subsets of Th cells are then deeply involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. As a result, keratinocytes are abnormally proliferated and abundant inflammatory immune cells are infiltrated in psoriatic lesions. We hypothesize that modulation of the expression of transcription factors for each Th subset could be a new therapeutic target for psoriasis. In this review, we will focus on the recent literature concerning the transcriptional regulation of Th cells in psoriasis.
New insights into polyploid evolution and dynamic nature of Ludwigia section Isnardia (Onagraceae)
Authors: Liu Shih-Hui , Hung Kuo-Hsiang , Hsu Tsai-Wen , Hoch Peter C. , Peng Ching-I , Chiang Tzen-Yuh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
While polyploids are common in plants, the evolutionary history and natural dynamics of most polyploid groups are still unclear. Owing to plentiful earlier systematic studies, Ludwigia sect. Isnardia (comprising 22 wetland taxa) is an ideal allopolyploid complex to investigate polyploid evolution and natural dynamics within and among taxa. With a considerable sampling, we concentrated on revisiting earlier phylogenies of Isnardia, reevaluating the earlier estimated age of the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA), exploring the correlation between infraspecific genetic diversity and ploidy levels, and inspecting interspecific gene flows among taxa.

Results
Phylogenetic trees and network concurred with earlier phylogenies and hypothesized genomes by incorporating 192 atpB-rbcL and ITS sequences representing 91% of Isnardia taxa. Moreover, we detected three multi-origin taxa. Our findings on L. repens and L. sphaerocarpa were consistent with earlier studies; L. arcuata was reported as a multi-origin taxon here, and an additional evolutionary scenario of L. sphaerocarpa was uncovered, both for the first time. Furthermore, estimated Isnardia TMRCA ages based on our data (5.9 or 8.9 million years ago) are in accordance with earlier estimates, although younger than fossil dates (Middle Miocene). Surprisingly, infraspecific genetic variations of Isnardia taxa did not increase with ploidy levels as anticipated from many other polyploid groups. In addition, the exuberant, low, and asymmetrical gene flows among Isnardia taxa indicated that the reproductive barriers may be weakened owing to allopolyploidization, which has rarely been reported.

Conclusions
The present research gives new perceptions of the reticulate evolution and dynamic nature of Isnardia and points to gaps in current knowledge about allopolyploid evolution.
Measuring student well-being in adolescence: proposal of a five-factor integrative model based on PISA 2018 survey data
Authors: Courtney Matthew Gordon Ray , Hernández-Torrano Daniel , Karakus Mehmet , Singh Neha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMuch debate exists concerning the factorial dimensionality of student well-being. We contribute to this debate by drawing on PISA 2018 data from a total of 61,722 students, 2528 schools, and nine countries. For our investigation, we test multiple associated measurement models for convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity, model fit, and measurement invariance. For the PISA 2018 sample, we found very little variation in student well-being both between schools and between countries suggesting that variation in student well-being exists predominantly within respective school contexts. In addition, our findings support the notion that student life-satisfaction should be split into separate general and school-based factors in a Bi-Dimensional Life-Satisfaction Model. Moreover, results suggest that PISA 2018 data can be used to successfully measure a Four-Factor Hedonic Model of Student Well-being, tackling both cognitive (general life-satisfaction and satisfaction with school factors) and affective features (positive and negative affect). Finally, we propose a Five-Factor Integrative Model of Student Well-being that supports a broader conceptualization of student well-being that includes life-satisfaction, both positive and negative affect, and eudaemonia. We tested this model and found that it met the requirements for scalar invariance across male and female gender groups. However, for all 36 inter-country tests of measurement invariance, metric invariance was only reached nine times (25%), and scalar invariance was reached once (2.8%). Implications and recommendations for follow up research are provided.
Development of test method for evaluation of UAS mobility capability in GNSS-denied environment
Authors: Yamada Taichi , Abe Hiroyuki , Ogane Katsuji , Kawabata Kuniaki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces the development of test methods for capability evaluation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UASs) in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-denied environments. The purpose of this development is to facilitate growth in the UAS industry. We discuss the test method’s approach and what UAS’s capability evaluation is essential for UAS use in GNSS-denied environments. As a result, we decided to adopt an approach that a test method evaluates a capability to perform a single simple task. In addition, these test methods should be along with the requirement of UAS manufacturers and users. Thus, first, we develop test methods to assess mobility in narrow spaces with obstacles shielding GNSS radio. We repeatedly have demonstrations and discussions of our test method with UAS manufacturers and users from the early stage of this development and collect their opinions for improvement to proceed with the development while building consensus with them. In addition, we evaluate several UASs by the test methods and examine whether our test method makes it possible to show the difference in UAS capability. This paper describes the approach of the test methods, the test methods for mobility in a GNSS-denied environment, the demonstrations and discussions with UAS manufacturers and users, and the results of the UAS’s performance evaluation by the test methods.
iPSCs ameliorate hypoxia-induced autophagy and atrophy in C2C12 myotubes via the AMPK/ULK1 pathway
Authors: Cen Haimei , Fan Pin , Ding Yuting , Luo Bin , Luo Hong , Chen Menglong , Zhang Yu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked lethal genetic disorder for which there is no effective treatment. Previous studies have shown that stem cell transplantation into mdx mice can promote muscle regeneration and improve muscle function, however, the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. DMD suffers varying degrees of hypoxic damage during disease progression. This study aimed to investigate whether induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have protective effects against hypoxia-induced skeletal muscle injury.

Results
In this study, we co-cultured iPSCs with C2C12 myoblasts using a Transwell nested system and placed them in a DG250 anaerobic workstation for oxygen deprivation for 24 h. We found that iPSCs reduced the levels of lactate dehydrogenase and reactive oxygen species and downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of BAX/BCL2 and LC3II/LC3I in hypoxia-induced C2C12 myoblasts. Meanwhile, iPSCs decreased the mRNA and protein levels of atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 and increased myotube width. Furthermore, iPSCs downregulated the phosphorylation of AMPKα and ULK1 in C2C12 myotubes exposed to hypoxic damage.

Conclusions
Our study showed that iPSCs enhanced the resistance of C2C12 myoblasts to hypoxia and inhibited apoptosis and autophagy in the presence of oxidative stress. Further, iPSCs improved hypoxia-induced autophagy and atrophy of C2C12 myotubes through the AMPK/ULK1 pathway. This study may provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of muscular dystrophy in stem cells.
Examining the feasibility of a brief parent intervention designed to promote positive food communication with infants
Authors: Norton Lyza , Parkinson Joy , MacGuinness Margaret , Harris Neil , Hart Laura 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Few prevention interventions exist focusing on supporting parents to use positive food communication at mealtimes, for the prevention of disordered eating. “Mealtime chatter matters (MCM)” is a brief intervention designed for parents of infants. The intervention was designed in collaboration with child health nurses (CHNs) to be embedded into usual care. The overall aim of this study was to test the feasibility of the intervention through examining the acceptability of the MCM content and resources and the potential impact of the intervention on parents.

Methods
This pilot study utilised a mixed methods approach and took place within a regional child health service in Queensland, Australia (October 2021 to June 2022). Participants were parents of infants attending child health education groups and CHNs. The intervention consisted of a brief education session (including accompanying resources), facilitated by a Paediatric Dietitian. The acceptability of MCM content and resources was assessed by both parents and CHNs via self-reported questionnaires and the potential impact on parents assessed via pre-/post-self-reported questionnaires.

Results
Forty-six parents of infants (aged < 8 months) and six CHNs who hosted the intervention and observed the program’s delivery participated in the study. MCM content and resources were highly acceptable to parents and CHNs, as both qualitative and quantitative data concurred. How the program may have potentially impacted parenting practices was unclear from the survey results and further investigation is required to better understand these. Tangible lessons and opportunities to further test this intervention were clear from current results.

Conclusion
Overall, MCM was acceptable to both parents and CHNs, with the content and resources both being highly valued. Parents reported the content to be informative and engaging and CHNs were keen to have such an intervention available in the future. However, further modification and testing is required of MCM. This feasibility study is an essential first step in supporting parents and CHNs to access an evidence-based intervention with the aim of preventing disordered eating.

Trial registration
Griffith University Human Research Ethics Committee (2021/577) and Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee (QGC/76618).
Substitution of cooked kidney beans or ground beef in hypercholesterolemic high fat diets reduces plasma and liver lipids in hamsters
Authors: Finley John W. , Holliday Darryl , Kim Hyunsook , da Silva Alves Priscila Leal , Shao Dong-Yan , Bartley Glenn , Yokoyama Wallace 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study examined the physiological effects of replacing some of the casein with either a plant based, animal or combination of protein sources in a high-fat diet fed to golden Syrian hamsters. Cooked kidney beans (BN) and beef (Bf) patties drained of fat were fed at 25 and 50% of diet. A combination of BN and Bf (BNBf) was also fed at 25 and 50%. Saturated fat content of the 25% Bf (Bf25) and 50% Bf (Bf50) increased 57 and 215% compared to Control. The Bf diets also increased caloric density compared to the Control. Likewise, the 50% Bn (Bn50) diet had 60% less saturated fat and lower caloric density than the Control. Despite these differences there were no differences in body weight gain or adipose weight between BN of Bf diets and Control. The BN50 diet reduced liver weight and increased caloric intake. The BN diets reduced total plasma cholesterol (TC). The BF diets also reduced TC but the results were not significant. The BN25, BN50 and BNBF50 diets also reduced low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. The BN and BF50 diets reduced liver fat. The BN diets decreased fecal fat excretion while the BF diets increased excretion. This suggests that increased fat excretion might offset the higher total fat and saturated fat of the BF diets to reduce adverse effects on body weight, adipose weight, and cholesterol. The high-fat content of the base (Control) diet may have muted the effects of the diet treatments.
Graphical Abstract
Childhood Leukemia Survival in the US-Mexico Border: Building Sustainable Leukemia Care Using Health Systems Strengthening Models
Authors: Aristizabal Paula , Rivera-Gomez Rebeca , Chang Andrew , Ornelas Mario , Ramirez Maribel , Tamayo Gabriela , Martinez Angelica , Ribeiro Raul C. , Roberts William 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSEPediatric leukemia outcomes are poor in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and exacerbated by health care systems ill equipped to manage cancer. Effective leukemia management in LMICs involves curating epidemiologic data; providing health care workforce specialty training; developing evidence-based treatments and supportive care programs; safeguarding access to medications and equipment; providing patient and family psychosocial, financial, and nutritional support; partnering with nongovernmental organizations, and ensuring treatment adherence.METHODSIn 2013, through a partnership between North-American and Mexican institutions, we used the WHO Framework for Action, a health systems strengthening model to implement a leukemia care sustainable program aimed at improving acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) outcomes at a public hospital in Mexico. We prospectively assessed clinical features, risk classification, and survival outcomes in children with ALL at Hospital General-Tijuana from 2008 to 2012 (preimplementation) and from 2013 to 2017 (postimplementation). We also evaluated program sustainability indicators.RESULTSOur approach led to a fully-staffed leukemia service, sustainable training programs, evidence-based and data-driven projects to improve clinical outcomes, and funding for medications, supplies, and personnel through local partnerships. Preimplementation and postimplementation 5-year overall survival for the entire cohort of children with ALL, children with standard-risk ALL, and children with high-risk ALL improved from 59% to 65% ( P = .023), 73% to 100% ( P < .001), and 48% to 55% ( P = .031), respectively. All sustainability indicators improved between 2013 and 2017.CONCLUSIONUsing the health systems strengthening WHO Framework for Action model, we improved leukemia care and survival in a public hospital in Mexico across the US-Mexico border. We provide a model for the development of similar programs in LMICs to sustainably improve leukemia and other cancer outcomes.
Efficacy and safety results by age in monarchE: Adjuvant abemaciclib combined with endocrine therapy (ET) in patients with HR+, HER2-, node-positive, high-risk early breast cancer (EBC).
Authors: Hamilton Erika P. , Kim Jee Hyun , Eigeliene Natalja , Mavroudis Dimitrios , Median Dragos Mircea , Marconato Heloisa , Shevnia Serhii , Ozyilkan Ozgur , Puig Juan Manuel , Shannon Catherine M. , Munoz Maria , San Antonio Belén , Wei Ran , O'Shaughnessy Joyce , Johnston Stephen R. D. , Guarneri Valentina 
Published: June 2023

501 Background: Adjuvant abemaciclib (a CDK4 & 6 inhibitor) combined with ET demonstrated a sustained benefit in invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and a tolerable safety profile in patients (pts) with HR+, HER2-, node-positive, high-risk EBC. Almost half of the newly diagnosed breast cancers occur in women older than 65 years. Older pts often have a higher incidence of comorbidities and increased risk for toxicities. Here, we report efficacy and safety by age subgroups in monarchE to help guide management of older pts receiving adjuvant abemaciclib. Methods: Pts were randomized (1:1) to receive ET for up to 10 years +/- abemaciclib for 2 years (study treatment period). Efficacy in IDFS and distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) was assessed in the intent-to-treat population by the pre-specified age groups of <65 and ≥65 years, with hazard ratios (HR) estimated using unstratified Cox proportional hazard model within each subgroup. Safety was evaluated among older pts (≥65 years) in two subgroups; 65-74 and ≥75 years. Results: In monarchE (NCT03155997), 4787 pts (84.9%) were aged <65 years and 850 pts (15.1%) were ≥65 years. At median follow-up of 42 months, a numerically favorable IDFS effect was observed in both the <65 (270 vs 414 events; HR = 0.646, 95% CI: 0.554, 0.753) and ≥65 (66 vs 85 events; HR = 0.767, 95% CI: 0.556, 1.059) groups for abemaciclib + ET vs ET alone. Similar findings were observed in DRFS. Older pts (≥65 years) had ~5% higher incidence of grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) than younger pts, mainly diarrhea and fatigue. Neutropenia was not increased among older pts and similarly, venous thromboembolic events occurred at similar rates (≥65 years, 3.0%; <65 years, 2.5%). Serious AEs (SAEs) and treatment discontinuations due to AEs were more common in older pts. Older pts required more dose reductions to manage AEs. Conclusions: In pts with high-risk EBC, adjuvant abemaciclib + ET showed treatment benefit across age subgroups with a manageable safety profile. Older pts did have higher rates of AEs and discontinuations, especially those older than 75 years, suggesting that more frequent surveillance with early intervention may be key to the management of these pts. Clinical trial information: NCT03155997 . [Table: see text]