bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subjective assessment and IOTA ADNEX model in evaluation of adnexal masses in patients with history of breast cancer
Authors: Pozzati F. , Sassu C. M. , Marini G. , Mascilini F. , Biscione A. , Giannarelli D. , Garganese G. , Fragomeni S. M. , Scambia G. , Testa A. C. , Moro F. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of subjective assessment and the Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (ADNEX) model in discriminating between benign and malignant adnexal tumors and between metastatic and primary adnexal tumors in patients with a personal history of breast cancer.MethodsThis was a retrospective single‐center study including patients with a history of breast cancer who underwent surgery for an adnexal mass between 2013 and 2020. All patients had been examined with transvaginal or transrectal ultrasound using a standardized examination technique and all ultrasound reports had been stored and were retrieved for the purposes of this study. The specific diagnosis suggested by the original ultrasound examiner in the retrieved report was analyzed. For each mass, the ADNEX model risks were calculated prospectively and the highest relative risk was used to categorize each into one of five categories (benign, borderline, primary Stage I, primary Stages II–IV or metastatic ovarian cancer) for analysis of the ADNEX model in predicting the specific tumor type. The performance of subjective assessment and the ADNEX model in discriminating between benign and malignant adnexal tumors and between primary and metastatic adnexal tumors was evaluated, using final histology as the reference standard.ResultsIncluded in the study were 202 women with a history of breast cancer who underwent surgery for an adnexal mass. At histology, 93/202 (46.0%) masses were benign, 76/202 (37.6%) were primary malignancies (four borderline and 72 invasive tumors) and 33/202 (16.3%) were metastases. The original ultrasound examiner classified correctly 79/93 (84.9%) benign adnexal masses, 72/76 (94.7%) primary adnexal malignancies and 30/33 (90.9%) metastatic tumors. Subjective ultrasound evaluation had a sensitivity of 93.6%, specificity of 84.9% and accuracy of 89.6%, while the ADNEX model had higher sensitivity (98.2%) but lower specificity (78.5%), with similar accuracy (89.1%), in discriminating between benign and malignant ovarian masses. Subjective evaluation had a sensitivity of 51.5%, specificity of 88.8% and accuracy of 82.7% in distinguishing metastatic and primary tumors (including benign, borderline and invasive tumors), and the ADNEX model had a sensitivity of 63.6%, specificity of 84.6% and similar accuracy (81.2%).ConclusionsThe performance of subjective assessment and the ADNEX model in discriminating between benign and malignant adnexal masses in this series of patients with history of breast cancer was relatively similar. Both subjective assessment and the ADNEX model demonstrated good accuracy and specificity in discriminating between metastatic and primary tumors, but the sensitivity was low. © 2023 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Diffeomorphisms as quadratic charges in 4d BF theory and related TQFTs
Authors: Geiller Marc , Girelli Florian , Goeller Christophe , Tsimiklis Panagiotis 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We present a Sugawara-type construction for boundary charges in 4d BF theory and in a general family of related TQFTs. Starting from the underlying current Lie algebra of boundary symmetries, this gives rise to well-defined quadratic charges forming an algebra of vector fields. In the case of 3d BF theory (i.e. 3d gravity), it was shown in [1] that this construction leads to a two-dimensional family of diffeomorphism charges which satisfy a certain modular duality. Here we show that adapting this construction to 4d BF theory first requires to split the underlying gauge algebra. Surprisingly, the space of well-defined quadratic generators can then be shown to be once again two-dimensional. In the case of tangential vector fields, this canonically endows 4d BF theory with a diff(S2) × diff(S2) or diff(S2) ⋉ vect(S2)ab algebra of boundary symmetries depending on the gauge algebra. The prospect is to then understand how this can be reduced to a gravitational symmetry algebra by imposing Plebański simplicity constraints.
A comprehensive review on sustainable clay-based geopolymers for wastewater treatment: circular economy and future outlook
Authors: Maged Ali , El-Fattah Hadeer Abd , Kamel Rasha M. , Kharbish Sherif , Elgarahy Ahmed M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the present era of significant industrial development, the presence and dispersal of countless water contaminants in water bodies worldwide have rendered them unsuitable for various forms of life. Recently, the awareness of environmental sustainability for wastewater treatment has increased rapidly in quest of meeting the global water demand. Despite numerous conventional adsorbents on deck, exploring low-cost and efficient adsorbents is interesting. Clays and clays-based geopolymers are intensively used as natural, alternative, and promising adsorbents to meet the goals for combating climate change and providing low carbon, heat, and power. In this narrative work, the present review highlights the persistence of some inorganic/organic water pollutants in aquatic bodies. Moreover, it comprehensively summarizes the advancement in the strategies associated with synthesizing clays and their based geopolymers, characterization techniques, and applications in water treatment. Furthermore, the critical challenges, opportunities, and future prospective regarding the circular economy are additionally outlined. This review expounded on the ongoing research studies for leveraging these eco-friendly materials to address water decontamination. The adsorption mechanisms of clays-based geopolymers are successfully presented. Therefore, the present review is believed to deepen insights into wastewater treatment using clays and clays-based geopolymers as a groundbreaking aspect in accord with the waste-to-wealth concept toward broader sustainable development goals.
Built cultural heritage and quality of life in a context of peripheralisation. A case study of ten historic towns at the German–Polish border
Authors: Knoop Bettina , Battis-Schinker Eva , Knippschild Robert , Al-Alawi Sarah , Książek Sławomir 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper assesses the contribution of built cultural heritage to the quality of life in peripheralised small and medium-sized towns (SMTs). While the scientific discourse on peripheralised towns and regions is largely focused on development threats and challenges, this paper highlights heritage as an endogenous resource with the potential to promote a high quality of life in peripheralised towns. A case study covering ten historic towns at the German–Polish border constitutes the basis of the research presented in this paper. Qualitative focus group workshops have been conducted in each town to get detailed insights into the heritage-related quality of life. It appears that under specific conditions, heritage contributes to the quality of life in peripheralised SMTs. This contribution is more pronounced on emotional terms, i.e. regarding meaningful constitutions of place and social cohesion. Practical domains of quality of life related to urban functions or the economy benefit less from the towns’ heritage. It follows that the heritage ressources themselves are no warranty for an enhancement of the quality of life in peripheralised SMTs. Exploiting their potential remains context dependent, and peripheralised SMTs are faced with particular socio-spatial challenges in this regard.
Paper Circuits vs. Breadboards: Materializing Learners’ Powerful Ideas Around Circuitry and Layout Design
Authors: Peppler Kylie A. , Sedas R. Mishael , Thompson Naomi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This exploratory study compares how young people (ages 15–16) learn circuitry concepts and layout design principles important to electrical engineering using one of two educational circuitry toolkits: paper circuits and traditional solderless breadboards. Paper-based prototyping kits are representative of a trend that incorporates new materials and approaches to integrating arts into traditional STEM disciplines. Extending prior research on how non-traditional toolkits enhance learning of electrical engineering outcomes, including basic circuitry concepts (i.e., current flow, polarity, and connections), this study examines the material affordances and design choices of the kits that contribute to youth’s understanding of more advanced circuitry layout design principles, including space allocation, placement of electronic components, and routing. Results indicate that paper circuits better afford the learning of layout design principles for printed circuit boards (PCBs) with large effect sizes. This study illuminates how the materials of educational toolkits uniquely solicit body- and material-syntonic patterns of activity, and thus differentially engage learners’ powerful ideas around circuitry and design principles. This investigation encourages careful consideration of the material affordances of some toolkits over others for learning purposes.
On the time decay for an elastic problem with three porous structures
Authors: Fernández José R. , Quintanilla Ramón 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the three-dimensional porous elastic problem in the case that three dissipative mechanisms act on the three porosity structures (one in each component). It is important to remark that we consider the case when the material is not centrosymmetric, and therefore, some coupling, not previously considered in the literature concerning the time decay of solutions in porous elasticity, can appear in the system of field equations. The new couplings provided in this situation show a strong relationship between the elastic and the porous components of the material. In this situation, we obtain an existence and uniqueness result for the solutions to the problem using the Lumer-Phillips corollary to the Hille-Yosida theorem. Later, assuming a certain condition determining a “very strong” coupling between the material components, we can use the well-known arguments for dissipative semigroups to prove the exponential stability of the solutions to the problem. It is worth emphasizing that the proposed condition allows bringing the decay of the dissipative porous structure of the problem to the macroscopic elastic structure.
Effects of simulated fire and browsing on the resprouting of subtropical dune thicket shrubs in the southeastern Cape Floristic Region
Authors: Strydom Tiaan , Cowling Richard M. , Grobler B. Adriaan , Kraaij Tineke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe expansion of subtropical thicket vegetation at the expense of more species-rich, fire-prone fynbos, potentially due to lower frequency and severity of fire and browsing, is a concern in many coastal dune landscapes of the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) where these two vegetation types co-occur. We were interested in the effects of severe fire or browsing treatments (causing complete loss of aboveground biomass) on the vigour of post-fire resprouts of dune thicket shrubs. Cape St Francis, CFR, South Africa. We used an in situ experimental approach to compare the effects of simulated fire and browsing by herbivores on mortality, resprouting vigour and resprouting rate of 10 canopy-forming dune thicket shrub species from different architectural guilds, 5 years after a previous severe wildfire. Survival was significantly lower after fire (85%) than after browsing (95%), and was significantly positively related to pre-treatment shrub size. All measures of resprouting vigour were significantly lower after fire than after browsing, and were significantly positively related to pre-treatment size. Resprouting rate was significantly lower after fire than after browsing, and was significantly positively affected by pre-treatment size. Survival and measures of resprouting vigour were generally decoupled from architectural guild and species identity. Dune thicket shrubs showed high survival after both fire and browsing treatments, suggesting that these species are resilient to frequent complete loss of above-ground biomass. Our results suggest that short interval fires (5–15 years) of high severity will merely maintain the co-occurrence of dune fynbos and thicket vegetation by setting back thicket growth rather than causing large-scale mortality of thicket shrubs.
Remote monitoring technologies for measuring cardiovascular functions in community-dwelling adults: a systematic review
Authors: Lu Jessica K. , Sijm Marcella , Janssens Georges E. , Goh Jorming , Maier Andrea B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Remote monitoring technologies (RMTs) allow continuous, unobtrusive, and real-time monitoring of the cardiovascular system. An overview of existing RMTs measuring cardiovascular physiological variables is lacking. This systematic review aimed to describe RMTs measuring cardiovascular functions in community-dwelling adults. An electronic search was conducted via PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library from January 1, 2020, to April 7, 2022. Articles reporting on non-invasive RMTs used unsupervised in community-dwelling adults were included. Reviews and studies in institutionalized populations were excluded. Two reviewers independently assessed the studies and extracted the technologies used, cardiovascular variables measured, and wearing locations of RMTs. Validation of the RMTs was examined based on the COSMIN tool, and accuracy and precision were presented. This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022320082). A total of 272 articles were included representing 322,886 individuals with a mean or median age from 19.0 to 88.9 years (48.7% female). Of all 335 reported RMTs containing 216 distinct devices, photoplethysmography was used in 50.3% of RMTs. Heart rate was measured in 47.0% of measurements, and the RMT was worn on the wrist in 41.8% of devices. Nine devices were reported in more than three articles, of which all were sufficiently accurate, six were sufficiently precise, and four were commercially available in December 2022. The top four most reported technologies were AliveCor KardiaMobile®, Fitbit Charge 2, and Polar H7 and H10 Heart Rate Sensors. With over 200 distinct RMTs reported, this review provides healthcare professionals and researchers an overview of available RMTs for monitoring the cardiovascular system.
SEOM-GETNE clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroenteropancreatic and bronchial neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) (2022)
Authors: Castillón Jaume Capdevila , Gordoa Teresa Alonso , Bayonas Alberto Carmona , Carretero Ana Custodio , García-Carbonero Rocío , Pulido Enrique Grande , Fonseca Paula Jiménez , Lete Angela Lamarca , Huerta Angel Segura , Plazas Javier Gallego 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous family of tumors of challenging diagnosis and clinical management. Their incidence and prevalence continue to rise mainly due to an improvement on diagnostic techniques and awareness. Earlier detection, along with steadfast improvements in therapy, has led to better prognosis over time for advanced gastrointestinal and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The aim of this guideline is to update evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroenteropancreatic and lung NENs. Diagnostic procedures, histological classification, and therapeutic options, including surgery, liver-directed therapy, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, and systemic hormonal, cytotoxic or targeted therapy, are reviewed and discussed, and treatment algorithms to guide therapeutic decisions are provided.
Is er een verband tussen de sociaal-emotionele gezondheid van kinderen en stress, zorgen of spanningen in het gezin?
Authors: Verhagen Claudia E. , Jansen Pim , Steenkamer W. A. , van der Wal Marcel F. 
Published: May 2023

Samenvatting
Inleiding
Stress in het gezin kan de sociaal-emotionele gezondheid van kinderen negatief beïnvloeden. Met gegevens uit 2016–2017, verzameld door de Jeugdgezondheidszorg (JGZ), is dit verband onderzocht.

Methode
Ouders van 4.406 tienjarige basisschoolleerlingen uit Amsterdam vulden ten behoeve van het preventieve gezondheidsonderzoek (PGO) een vragenlijst in. Hierin is gevraagd naar stress in het gezin en de sociaal-emotionele gezondheid van het kind gemeten met de Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). De gegevens zijn gewogen naar geslacht, herkomst en sociaaleconomische status van de wijk. Verschillen tussen groepen zijn onderzocht met een chi-kwadraattoets en T‑test. Regressieanalyses zijn uitgevoerd om te corrigeren voor achtergrondkenmerken.

Resultaten
Van de ouders geeft 17,0% aan dat er stress is in het gezin en 15,1% van de tienjarige kinderen heeft een verhoogd risico op sociaal-emotionele problemen. Kinderen in gezinnen met stress hebben bijna drie keer vaker een verhoogd risico op sociaal-emotionele problemen dan kinderen in gezinnen zonder stress – 31,0% versus 11,5%. Dit verband blijft bestaan na correctie voor achtergrondkenmerken (risicoratio 2,63; 95%-betrouwbaarheidsinterval 2,35–2,93).

Conclusie
Dit onderzoek laat een sterk verband zien tussen stress in het gezin en de sociaal-emotionele gezondheid van het kind. Stress in het gezin is een factor om rekening mee te houden in de JGZ.
Flawless victory! Investigating search and experience qualities as antecedent predictors of video game success
Authors: Heidenreich Sven , Handrich Franziska , Kraemer Tobias 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent years, video games have been on the rise as entertainment goods, leading to a growing interest by practitioners, researchers, and, of course, consumers alike. While a few unusually successful video games produce overall high revenues, most released games struggle to break even. Hence, there is an urgent need to better understand what distinguishes financially successful games from nonsuccessful video games. Accordingly, several researchers have called for investigations into the drivers of the financial success of video games. However, empirical studies within this respect are still lacking. Based on longitudinal data of 351 video games, the current study strives to fill this research gap by investigating the relative importance of potential success factors for the short-term and long-term financial success of video games. The results of multiple regression analyses confirm that search qualities such as brand popularity, reviews, and awards as well as experience qualities such as graphics, sound, and game duration significantly drive financial success in terms of the total number of sold video games in Europe. Consequently, managers in the video game industry can boost their chances for the production of a successful video game by focusing on these factors.
Intravenous injection of cyclosporin A loaded lipid nanocapsules fights inflammation and immune system activation in a mouse model of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Bohley Marilena , Dillinger Andrea E. , Braunger Barbara M. , Tamm Ernst R. , Goepferich Achim 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInflammation and immune system activation are key pathologic events in the onset and escalation of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Both are driven by cytokines and complement originating from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Despite the RPE’s pivotal role, there is no therapeutic tool to specifically interfere with the RPE-related pathomechanism. A therapy that addresses RPE cells and counteracts inflammation and immune response would be of paramount value for the early treatment of DR, where currently are no specific therapies available. Here, we utilized lipoprotein-mimetic lipid nanocapsules to deliver the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A (CsA) to RPE cells. Using a mouse model of DR that mirrors all pathologic aspects of human DR, we demonstrate that intravenously applied CsA-loaded lipid nanocapsules comprehensively counteract inflammation and immune system activation. One single injection suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, dampened macrophage infiltration, and prevented macrophage and microglia activation in eyes with DR. This work shows that CsA-loaded lipid nanocapsules can offer new avenues for the treatment of DR.
Graphical Abstract
The potential conservation value of anthropogenically modified habitat for the Endangered moor macaque Macaca maura in Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Riley Erin P. , Albani Alessandro , Zak Alison A. , Germani Lavinia , Rothman Jessica M. , Carosi Monica , Ngakan Putu Oka 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHuman-induced land-use change has resulted in substantial loss and degradation of habitat for forest-dwelling wildlife. The moor macaque Macaca maura, an Endangered primate endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia, has been observed in a wide array of habitats, including heavily modified areas, but little is known about the quality of these habitats. Here we compared the habitat quality of two areas occupied by moor macaque populations: a previously human-modified karst forest now located within a national park and a heavily modified forest located in an unprotected area. We assessed habitat quality by measuring specific indicators of potential food availability derived from vegetation data and quantified the nutritional environment based on macronutrient analysis of fruit samples collected at the two sites. Although the species richness, diversity and overall stem density of macaque food trees were greater in the protected area forest, total basal area and mean diameter at breast height were greater in the heavily modified forest. Mean metabolizable energy concentrations of fruits eaten by macaques were similar between forests, as were the proportions of protein, lipids and total non-structural carbohydrates. These results provide further support for the notion that heavily modified habitats should not be overlooked for their potential conservation value. To further augment their value, conservation efforts should focus on forest restoration, specifically the planting of fast-growing species that are utilized by both wildlife and people.
Emerging trends: Risks 3.0 and proliferation of spyware to 50,000 cell phones
Authors: Church Kenneth Ward , Chandrasekar Raman 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOur last emerging trend article introduced Risks 1.0 (fairness and bias) and Risks 2.0 (addictive, dangerous, deadly, and insanely profitable). This article introduces Risks 3.0 (spyware and cyber weapons). Risks 3.0 are less profitable, but more destructive. We will summarize two recent books, Pegasus: How a Spy in Your Pocket Threatens the End of Privacy, Dignity, and Democracy and This is How They Tell Me the World Ends: The Cyberweapons Arms Race. The first book starts with a leak of 50,000 phone numbers, targeted by spyware named Pegasus. Pegasus uses a zero-click exploit to obtain root access to your phone, taking control of the microphone, camera, GPS, text messages, etc. The list of 50,000 numbers includes journalists, politicians, and academics, as well as their friends and family. Some of these people have been murdered. The second book describes the history of cyber weapons such as Stuxnet, which is described as crossing the Rubicon. In the short term, it sets back Iran’s nuclear program for less than the cost of conventional weapons, but it did not take long for Iran to build the fourth-biggest cyber army in the world. As spyware continues to proliferate, we envision a future dystopia where everyone spies on everyone. Nothing will be safe from hacking: not your identity, or your secrets, or your passwords, or your bank accounts. When the endpoints (phones) have been compromised, technologies such as end-to-end encryption and multi-factor authentication offer a false sense of security; encryption and authentication are as pointless as closing the proverbial barn door after the fact. To address Risks 3.0, journalists are using the tools of their trade to raise awareness in the court of public opinion. We should do what we can to support them. This paper is a small step in that direction.