bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the Movement Pattern Observation Tool (MPOT) – An observational tool to measure limb movements during elementary school recess
Authors: Webb G. Kate , Rhea Debbie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDevelopment of the Movement Pattern Observation Tool (MPOT) – An observational tool to measure limb movements during elementary school recessBackground:The US Center for Disease Control estimates that only 24% of American elementary-aged children participate in the recommended 60 minutes of daily physical activity. As activity levels continue to decline for elementary-aged children, elementary schools should consider increasing movement opportunities within the school day. Activity-driven school days, where children can move their limbs freely, may increase performance in memory retention, behavioral impulse control, as well as increase bone density and muscle strength. Unstructured, outdoor play, referred to in this study as recess, may provide an opportunity for these brain, bone, and muscle-stimulating limb movements to be utilized. To date, no research has focused on whether the modern child actively uses limb movements during recess, nor to what degree. The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable assessment tool to observe and record limb movements (unilateral, bilateral, and contralateral movements) of elementary children during recess.Methods:The Movement Pattern Observation Tool (MPOT) was developed to observe limb movement use during elementary school recess. This tool was developed in three phases: Identifying the movements observed in recess, using phase 1 observations to develop the tool, and determining the Interrater Reliability of the tool.Results:Researchers used the observation method to identify specific unilateral, bilateral, and contralateral limb movements. The MPOT final form was accomplished through three revisions of multiple data samples. Interrater reliability was tested and approached excellent, being that excellent is above .90. The ICC of the master observer and observer 3 value was [.898 (95% CI .757-.957)], and ICC of the master observer and observer 2 was [.885 (95% CI .599-.967)].Conclusions:The MPOT can help determine the percentage of children participating in limb movement activities versus the percentage of inactive children during recess. Moreover, the use of the MPOT may provide researchers with insight into whether the repetition of limb movements correlates strongly with memory retention, bone density, and muscle strength.
Role of magnetic resonance neurography in diagnosing neuralgic amyotrophy
Authors: Duan Luyao , Zhao Liyang , Liu Ying , Zhang Yizhe , Zheng Wensong , Yu Xiaoman , Liu Hongran , Li Zequn , Peng Zhigang , Li MD；Xiaona 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To study the characteristics of brachial plexus MRN in patients with NA, and to explore the clinical application value of MRN combined with Electromyography (EMG) in the diagnosis of NA.
Methods
The brachial plexus MRN images of 32 patients with NA were retrospectively analyzed and their characteristics were investigated. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of MRN, EMG and the combination of the two methods in the diagnosis of NA were compared.
Results
The main feature of MRN in patients with NA was that it was mostly located in the unilateral upper trunk, and the C5 nerve root was the most common. The main features of those involved nerves were the thickening and segmental stenosis of some involved nerves, and the signal intensity on the 3D reconstruction image was higher than that of the surrounding normal nerves. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of MRN for NA were higher than those of EMG. Combining MRN and EMG could improve the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis.
Conclusion
MRN can visualize the morphological changes of involved nerves in patients with NA. The combined diagnosis of MRN and EMG can help clinicians diagnose NA more accurately.
Susceptibility of copper to pitting corrosion in bicarbonate buffer solutions: Part I. Effect of chloride
Authors: Noёl James , Matin Sina , Henderson Jeffrey , Biesinger Mark , Kobe Brad , Shoesmith David W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The pitting corrosion, passive film morphology, and surface composition of copper were studied in chloride-containing bicarbonate buffer solutions using multielectrode arrays and single electrodes. Cu was shown to be susceptible to pitting in 0.01 and 0.1 M Cl¯, but to experience active dissolution in 1 M Cl¯. The passive film morphology and composition were investigated using the single-electrode setup. Surface analyses showed the presence of pits in both 0.01 and 0.1 M Cl¯ buffer solutions. The results indicated the dependency of passive film morphology and composition on both charge density and applied potential.
Algorithms of Intelligent Language Recognition and English Discourse Analysis Based on Fisher's Three-dimensional Model
Authors: Xie Na 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As an important analysis theory in critical discourse analysis, Fischer's three-dimensional analysis model has been used more and more to analyze news discourse. The Fischer three-dimensional analysis model includes vocabulary and sentence descriptions in text exercises, as well as messages in discourse exercises, describing the source of events and discourse practices, and explaining international and domestic backgrounds. The development of intelligent language recognition technology is supported by people from all walks of life, and its development is very rapid. Many research results have been extended from theoretical research to daily applications. The convenience of intelligent speech recognition technology has greatly changed our way of life, and intelligent speech recognition technology has been able to recognize human voices by recognizing discrete symbols. At present, the research on classroom discussion is mainly based on the direct observation experience of researchers on classroom teaching. In the environment of rapid development of information, we will find more effective classroom discourse analysis methods, provide fast and convenient classroom discourse analysis skills, and make classroom discourse analysis more efficient. The innovation of classroom discourse research methods in an informed environment provides convenience for English language analysis in an intellectual classroom environment. The application of English language makes various applications of English in intelligent recognition technology systems more and more extensive.
Target temperature in post-arrest comatous patients. Is something changed un the postpandemic age?
Authors: Garcia-Rubira Juan C. , Olivares-Martínez Blanca , Rivadeneira-Ruiz María , Fernández-Valenzuela María I. , Hidalgo-Urbano Rafael 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We have analyzed the results of our patients, comparing the discharge status of 79 patients with a target temperature of 33°C with 24 patients with a target temperature of 36.5°C . There were no cases of positive Covid-19 in our series. There was an adverse outcome (death or vegetative state) more often in the 36.5°C group (74% vs 47% p 0.015). It is possible that the target temperature in comatous patients after cardiac arrest should be revised in our new post-pandemic reality.
Roost thermal stability influences winter torpor patterns in a threatened bat species
Authors: Newman Blaise Ashley , Loeb Susan C , Jachowski David S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Some hibernating bats in thermally stable, subterranean roosts have experienced precipitous declines from white-nose syndrome (WNS). However, some WNS-affected species also use thermally unstable roosts during winter which may impact their torpor patterns and WNS susceptibility. From November to March 2017-2019, we used temperature-sensitive transmitters to document winter torpor patterns of tri-colored bats (Perimyotis subflavus) using thermally unstable roosts in the upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina. Daily mean roost temperature fluctuation was 4.8 ± 2°C SD in bridges and 4.0 ± 1.9°C in accessible cavities with maximum fluctuations of 13.8°C and 10.5°C, respectively. Mean torpor bout duration was 2.7 ± 2.8 days and was negatively related to ambient temperature and positively related to precipitation. Bats maintained non-random arousal patterns focused near dusk and were active on 33.6% of tracked days. Fifty-one percent of arousals contained passive rewarming. Normothermic bout duration, general activity, and activity away from the roost were positively related to ambient temperature, and activity away from the roost was negatively related to barometric pressure. Our results suggest ambient weather conditions influence winter torpor patterns of tri-colored bats using thermally unstable roosts. Short torpor bout durations and potential nighttime foraging during winter by tri-colored bats in thermally unstable roosts contrasts with behaviors of tri-colored bats in thermally stable roosts. Therefore, tri-colored bat using thermally unstable roosts may be less susceptible to WNS. These results highlight the importance of understanding the effect of roost thermal stability on winter torpor patterns and the physiological flexibility of broadly distributed hibernating species.
A novel badnavirus discovered in Fig tree by high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Aizitili Tuxunaili , Maimaiti Yushanjiang , Zhixiang Zhang , Mijiti Maihemuti 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A novel plant virus was detected in the ring spot symptomatic fig leaves by high-throughput sequence (HTS). The virus has a circular DNA genome, with a full length of 7233 (nt), and contains four open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 and ORF2 encode a hypothetical protein, ORF3 encodes a putative polyprotein with conserved domains, including zinc finger, aspartic protease, reverse transcriptase (RT), and RNase H domains, and ORF4 encodes a putative protein of unknown function. Based on the RT+RNase H region nucleotide sequence pairwise comparisons showed that FBV-2 shares 84.46% and 78.82% sequence identity with Grapevine badnavirus 1 (MF781082.1) and Fig badnavirus 1(MK348055.1). Interestingly FBV-2 has genome organization differences in GBV-1, but not with FBV-1, and phylogenetic analysis showed FBV-2 three isolates were clustered separately in a group and formed a branch of badnavirus. Genome organization and phylogenetic analysis display that the novel virus is a new member of the genus Badnavirus and is tentatively named “Fig badnavirus 2” (FBV-2).
Predictive capacity of protein serum biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of small cell and non-small cell lung cancer in patients with suspicious lung lesions
Authors: Sua Luz Fernanda , Serrano-Gomez Silvia J. , Nuñez Marcela , Sangiovanni Saveria , Fernandez-Trujillo Liliana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Tumor biomarkers aid in the diagnosis, management, and prognosis in patients with cancer. In lung cancer, serum biomarkers are used at various timepoints. However, doubts remain about their accuracy for differential diagnosis and histological subtyping in patients with suspicious lung lesions. We conducted a diagnostic test study, selecting cases with malignant lung lesions and controls with benign lung lesions. Prior to lung biopsy, all patients had the following biomarkers measured in serum (Pro-GRP, NSE, CYFRA 21 − 1, SCC - Ag, CEA).
Methods
The predictive capacity of serum biomarkers evaluated to discriminate between lung cancer and benign pathology was measured using sensitivity, specificity, and Area Under the Curve (AUC). We also assessed their accuracy for distinguishing Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and explored their ability to perform histological subtyping.
Results
A total of 93 patients were included, 60 with lung cancer and 30 with benign pathology. Serum levels of Pro-GRP and NSE were elevated in patients with SCLC (274 pg. / ml and 41.9 ng. / ml) compared to patients with NSCLC or nonmalignant lung disease (NMLD). The most accurate biomarkers for discriminating between malignant and benign pathology were CEA (AUC = 76.3%, sensitivity = 55.0% / specificity = 87.9%), and CYFRA 21 − 1(AUC = 76.2%, sensitivity = 55.1% / specificity = 87.9%). Pro-GRP had a poor predictive capacity alone for discriminating NSCLC from SCLC but increases in combination with CEA and CYFRA 21 − 1 (AUC = 80.4%, sensitivity = 70.6% / specificity = 81.8%). For SCLC the diagnostic efficacy of Pro-GRP increased by combining with other biomarkers such as NSE / CYFRA21–1 (AUC = 97.3%, sensitivity = 88.8% / specificity = 98.9%).
Conclusions
Individual biomarkers lacked the required sensitivity and specificity to perform a differential diagnosis or achieve histological subtyping on their own. They might be useful in parallel testing to aid the physician, but a tissue biopsy should not be delayed or postponed.
Molecular identification of Eimeria species in cattle from Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Olivares Angelica , Alonso-Díaz Miguel Angel , Romero-Salas Dora , Cruz-Romero Anabel , Pinos-Rodríguez Juan M. , Barrientos-Morales Manuel , Lira-Amaya José J. , Bravo-Ramos José L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The presence of Eimeria in livestock farms implies significant economic losses, compromising the welfare and animal health of affected bovines. The objectives of this study were to obtain the molecular identification of Eimeria species and to create the phylogeny for analysis. Fecal samples were collected from 930 animals distributed in 62 cattle farms located in the center of the state of Veracruz, Mexico. A total of 57 oocyst concentrations from cattle farms were used. In 57 of the 62 farms in this study, it was possible to carry out the concentration of oocysts. Extraction and PCR were created through the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS-1) of ribosomal rRNA genes. Twenty-six of the 57 (45.6%) samples were amplified at 500 bp. The presence of pathogenic species such as Eimeria bovis, Eimeria zuernii, in addition to Eimeria ellipsoidalis, Eimeria cylindrica, Eimeria budkinonensis and Eimeria canadensis, infecting calves in the region was confirmed. The phylogenetic tree correctly differentiated the presence of seven Eimeria species, reporting incidentally the presence of paratenic hosts among production animals. It is concluded that these results can be useful to improve the management and productivity of cattle in the Mexican tropics.
Characterization of GATA3 and Mammaglobin in breast tumors from African American women
Authors: Ricks-Santi Luisel J. , Fredenburg Kristianna , Rajaei Moein , Esnakula Ashwin , Naab Tammey , McDonald J. Tyson , Kanaan Yasmine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
GATA3 and Mammaglobin are often used in the clinic to identify metastases of mammary origin due to their robust and diffuse expression in mammary tissue. However, the expression of these markers has not been well characterized in tumors from African American women. The goal of this study was to characterize and evaluate the expression of GATA3 and mammaglobin breast tumors from African American women and determine their association with clinicopathological outcomes including breast cancer subtypes. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed from well preserved, morphologically representative tumors in archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) surgical blocks from 202 patients with primary invasive ductal carcinoma. Mammaglobin, and GATA3 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Univariate analysis was carried out to determine the association between expression of GATA3, mammaglobin and clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival and disease-free survival were also plotted and a log-rank test performed to compare estimates among groups. GATA3 expression showed statistically significant association with lower grade (p<0.001), ER-positivity (p<0.001), PR-positivity (p<0.001), and the luminal subtype (p<0.001). Mammaglobin expression was also significantly associated with lower grade (p=0.031), ER-positivity (p=0.007), and PR-positivity (p=0.022). There was no association with recurrence-free or overall survival. Our results confirm that GATA3 and mammaglobin demonstrate expression predominantly in luminal breast cancers from African American women. Markers with improved specificity and sensitivity are warranted given the high prevalence of triple negative breast cancer in the group.
Evaluation of genetic diversity analysis in Cicer arietinum L. germplasm based on multivariate analysis
Authors: Yadav Abhinav , Nath Shiv , Kumar Sujit , Kumar Vinay , Kumar Dalbeer , Yadav Kuldeep , Boro Jutika 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Genetic diversity among 43 genotypes of chickpea for 11 quantitative characters; in which Seed yield/plant exhibited positive and highly significant correlations coefficients with biological yield/plant (0.9447), pods/plant (0.7559), seeds/pod (0.5475), harvest index (0.5400) and secondary branches/plant (0.3766). Path coefficients analysis identified biological yield/plant (0.7963g) followed by harvest index (0.2792%), pods/plant (0.0435), 100 seed weight (0.0430g) and days to maturity (0.0417) important direct components for seed yield/plant. Pods/plant (0.6259), seeds/pod (0.4434), secondary branches/plant (0.3307), primary branches/plant (0.3132), days to 50% flowering (0.2431) and days to maturity (0.2339) via biological yield/plant were found important indirect components for seed yield/plant. The characters identified above as important direct and indirect components merit due to consideration in the formulation of effective selection strategy in chickpea for developing high yielding varieties. So, plant breeder can utilize this germplasm for further crop improvement.
Identification and characterization of stable QTLs for vascular bundle number at the panicle neck in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Nguyen Ha Thi Le , Suetsugu Shizuka , Nakamura Yuna , Demeter Zita , Zheng Shao-Hui , Fujita Daisuke 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Vascular bundles are responsible for transporting photosynthesis products, minerals, and water from source to sink. A large vascular bundle number (VBN) in the panicle neck is related to the ability to transport assimilates from stem and leaf to reproductive organs during seed maturation. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for VBN with major effects have been identified by using segregating populations derived from a cross between indica and japonica rice cultivars. However, there are few reports of QTLs for VBN with minor effects. Here, we identified three stable QTLs for VBN—qVBN5 on chromosome 5, qVBN6 on chromosome 6, and qVBN11 on chromosome 11—by using 71 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between indica IR24 and japonica Asominori. We confirmed their positions and characterized their effects by using chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) with an IR24 genetic background. qVBN6 had the most substantial effect on VBN, followed by qVBN11 and qVBN5. We developed pyramided lines carrying two QTLs for VBN to estimate their interaction. Two lines carrying both qVBN6 and qVBN11 had a considerably lower VBN than the parental lines, each carrying a single QTL. The combination accumulated VBN negatively in the pyramided lines owing to the independent actions of each QTL. The QTLs detected for VBN will enhance our understanding of genetic mechanisms of VBN and can be used in rice breeding.
Real-Time Full-Band Speech Enhancement for Hearing Aids
Authors: S Apoorva M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Speech enhancement for hearing aids is one of the active research domain in the field of artificial intelligence. Recent developments in multi-channel speech enhancement include Augmented Reality in hearing aids. With all these progress that is actively moving forward for the evolution of hearing aids, the author proposes the use of Quantum Convolution Neural Networks for the purpose of source-separationin hearing aids. When compared to speech enhancement for smartphones andother devices, speech enhancement for hearing aids is challenging because of limited signal processing resources and very slow evolution of electrical components and electronic circuits involved in hearing aids. Currently hearing aids are in their third generation of evolution wherein the hearing aids are connected to personalassistant on cloud which answers the questions that wearer asks, monitors health quotient of the individual, streams music and phone calls. However there is no significant improvement in the field of speech enhancement in hearing aids either from the electrical and electronic components or from the cloud/ mobile application supported hearing aids. Thus the author here worked on speech enhancement forhearing aids using Quantum Convolutional Neural Network (QCNN) and proposed the same for speech enhancement in hearing aids for cloud/ mobile app supported hearing aids, with the consent of data collection from the hearing impaired population. Here the author compares the performance of the classic blind source separation with QCNN and obtained 98% accuracy in model training almost 75% accuracy in source-separation from real-time audio. The author hopes that QCNN may be used in future of speech enhancement for hearing aids.
Clarifying the Concepts of Personalization and Tailoring: An Interview Study with Experts
Authors: Klooster I. ten , Kip H. , Gemert-Pijnen J. E.W.C. , Kelders S. M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Although personalization and tailoring are identified as alternatives for a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach for eHealth technologies, there is no common understanding of these two concepts and how they should be applied. In the current study, our aim is to describe (1) how tailoring and personalization are defined according to eHealth experts, and what the differences and similarities are, (2) what type of variables can be used to segment eHealth users into more homogenous groups or on the individual level, (3) what elements of eHealth technologies are customized to those segments, and (4) how the segments are matched with eHealth customizations.
Methods: Ten eHealth experts were included via purposive and snowball sampling for an interview consisting of two parts: (1) questions about definitions of personalization and tailoring and questions related to segmentation and customization, (2) responses to three vignettes on examples of eHealth technologies, varying in personalization and tailoring strategies to elicit responses about their views on how the two components were applied and matched in different contexts.
Results: Responses were analyzed using a combination of deductive and inductive coding. First, deductive codes were assigned to fragments related to Definitions (n = 25), Segmentation (n = 298), Customization (n = 100) and Matching (n = 56). Within the theme ‘Definitions’ participants mentioned several distinguishing factors (n = 25) between personalization and tailoring. Within the theme ‘Segmentation’ participants mentioned nine types of variables that can be used (n = 227) and eight data collection methods (n = 71). Within the theme ‘Customization’ five elements were mentioned that can be customized (n = 100), namely channeling, content, graphical, functionalities and behavior change strategy. Within the theme ‘Matching’ participants mentioned substantiation methods (n =24) and the variable level on which matching takes place (n = 32).
Conclusions: We observed that personalization and tailoring are multidimensional concepts in which multiple factors come into play that determine how these concepts should be applied to eHealth. Intra- and inter-individual differences among the target group and technology affordances determine whether and how personalization and tailoring can be applied most effectively to eHealth technologies according to participants.