bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Biannual Azithromycin to Children under 5 Years on the Carriage of Respiratory Pathogens among Children Aged 7–11 Years
Authors: Brennhofer Stephanie A. , Rogawski McQuade Elizabeth T. , Zhang Jixian , Pholwat Suporn , Stroup Suzanne , Platts-Mills James A. , Liu Jie , Houpt Eric R. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT.
In the MORDOR I trial, children under 5 years of age were randomized to receive biannual (every 6 months) azithromycin for 2 years in Niger, Malawi, and Tanzania. In 30 Nigerien communities, children aged 7–11 years, who were not enrolled in the MORDOR I trial to receive biannual azithromycin, were assessed for carriage of seven respiratory pathogens. We aimed to see whether there were effects on the carriage of these seven respiratory pathogens among 3,187 children aged 7–11 years living in the 30 communities via nasopharyngeal swabs collected at baseline (N = 1,066), as well as at year 1 (N = 1,019) and year 2 (N = 1,102)—each about 6 months after azithromycin or placebo treatment of children under age five. Most children were positive for Haemophilus influenzae (baseline: 83.8%; interquartile range [IQR]: 78.7–90.4) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (baseline: 82.9%; IQR: 74.2–86.8) at all time points regardless of treatment group. There were no differences in prevalence nor quantity of H. influenzae (prevalence ratio: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.02), S. pneumoniae (prevalence ratio: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.07), or any of the other respiratory pathogens in the treatment versus control groups at any time point. S. pneumoniae serotype 6AB (7.7%) and Neisseria meningitidis serotype W135 (24.9%) were the most prevalent serotypes detected among all positive S. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis samples, respectively. Biannual azithromycin did not reduce carriage of respiratory pathogens 6 months after the most recent round of biannual azithromycin among older nontreated children (aged 7–11 years) living in treatment communities.
BRICS-T Ekonomilerinin Makroekonomik Performanslarının Değerlendirilmesi: Entropi Tabanlı WASPAS Yaklaşımı
Authors: COŞKUN Artuğ Eren 
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Dünya ticaretindeki payını her geçen yıl artırmaya devam eden Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin, Güney Afrika ve Türkiye (BRICS-T) ülkelerinin 2011-2020 yılları arasındaki makroekonomik performanslarını karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemektir.
Yöntem: Çalışmada makroekonomik performans kriterleri GSYİH, kişi başına düşen GSYİH, ihracat, büyüme oranı, doğrudan yabancı yatırım, ithalat, enflasyon oranı ve işsizlik oranı olarak belirlenmiştir. Çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden Entropi ve WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment) kullanılmıştır. Entropi yöntemi ile öncelikle kriterlerin ağırlıkları hesaplanmış ve hesaplanan ağırlıklar WASPAS yöntemine dahil edilerek karar alternatifleri sıralanmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırma bulguları Çin’in bu çalışmada ele alınan diğer ülkelerin makroekonomik performansları karşısında mutlak üstün olduğunu göstermektedir. Çin’den sonra diğer ülkelerin başarı sıralaması sırasıyla Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Türkiye ve Güney Afrika şeklinde olmuştur.
Özgünlük: Bu çalışmada BRICS-T ülkelerinin makroekonomik performansları, Entropi-WASPAS yöntemlerinin entegre biçimde kullanılmasıyla analiz edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen yazın taraması, ilgili ülkelerin makroekonomik performanslarının araştırıldığı çalışma sayısının oldukça yetersiz olduğunu göstermiştir. Makroekonomik performans kriterlerinde kapsam geniş tutularak araştırma sonuçlarının geçerliliğinin artırılması hedeflenmiştir. Kriter çeşitliliği yönüyle bu çalışma alanında yayınlanan en kapsamlı çalışmalar arasındadır.
Causes of incontinence in the elderly
Authors: Samalavičiūtė Ieva Marija , Tarasevič Diana , Gierasimovič Zita 
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the causes of incontinence, which affect the quality of life of men and women and are often related to the phenomenon of aging.
Objective. To examine the causes of urinary incontinence among elderly based on the results of the scientific literature.
Research methods. Data was collected in: Am J Obstet Gynecol, Clin Geriatric Med, Am J of nursing, BMC, PubMed database. Full-text articles on urinary incontinence were used for the analysis, when their title, keywords: incontinence, cause of urinary incontinence, elderly people, lack of knowledge about urinary incontinence (incontinenza urinaria) met the purpose of the review. Only publications in English, which were published in the period 2017–2022, were analyzed 27 scientific papers on the subject are included and analyzed in the systematic review.
Research results and conclusions. The results showed that incontinence is associated with age, overweight, chronic diseases, bad habits, post-menopausal hormone replacement therapy. Incontinence increases social isolation, anxiety, and depression. Non-invasive methods are used to eliminate the causes of incontinence: psychological training, giving up bad habits, promoting a healthy and balanced diet, regulating body weight. Botulinum toxin injections, urological surgery or sacral nerve stimulation are used to enhance the treatment effect. The knowledge of patients and medical staff about the urinary incontinence is fundamental.
Justine Varga’s Photographic Inscriptions
Authors: Varga Justine , Ilec Kralj Nataša 
Published: December 2022

Justine Varga and I conducted this interview via email in late 2021, after I was enchanted by her series Tachisme (2021). In the interview, we talked about photography as a medium, the omission of the photographic camera, its historical relevance, her artistic challenging of the negative within its time and space, and her haptic exploration of the photographic membrane. Through our conversation, Varga lucidly elaborates not only her personal approach to artistic creation, but the notion of photographicness itself: photography is always at the center of her inquiry, even if this inquiry is realized in terms of performance, drawing, painting, or a set of physical exchanges and bodily inscriptions. In short, her work always focuses on questioning the photograph and its meaning within a contemporary context.
Karen Mulhallen, ed., <i>Blake in Our Time</i>
Authors: Wittreich Joseph 
Published: December 2022

Blake in Our Time is a magnificent tribute to G. E. Bentley, Jr.—one of the titans in Blake studies of the last, as well as current, century—whose work has “shifted the focus of Blake criticism from formalism and symbolism to the ‘Minute Particulars’ of Blake’s life and work,” with Bentley thus launching what is here described as “now the most productive field of inquiry in Blake studies” ([3]). Were the title not already in service, this anthology might better be called Blake in His Time inasmuch as its core chapters fix attention on Blake’s friends, patrons, and fellow artists: Stephen and Harriet Mathew, John Flaxman, William Hayley, Thomas Butts, George Cumberland, and George Richmond. On the other hand, the title as we have it drives the idea that a principal activity of Blake studies in our time is the re-situation of the poet in his own time and, with that, the rehabilitation of text and context. Even more, the title underscores the paradox that the preoccupation of Blake studies in our time is with Blake in his own time; that only after we return Blake to his original cultural context does he emerge as a poet speaking powerfully to our own age from a frontier of religious speculation and through an ideology that has survived its own apparent demise. Among the many outstanding essays in this volume, those by Robert N. Essick, Mary Lynn Johnson, Martin Butlin, and Morton D. Paley are especially illuminating, while the coda, by Jerome McGann, holds its own bright light in Bentley’s sunshine.
Evaluating the screen performance in sand control design by laboratory sand retention test
Authors: Nguyen Lam Quoc Cuong , Nguyen Mau Dang 
Published: December 2022

To produce oil and gas from unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs, sand screens are necessary to control sand flowing from the formation into the wells, causing well pluggings. In open hole completion, stand-alone sand screen is an essential component to prevent sand production, thus, selection of suitable sand screens is critical to minimize sand production and optimize the well’s production life.
Nowadays, premium screens with steel meshes make the openings of the screen slots complex in shape, resulting in a very different effect of sand retention compared to the traditional screens. The sand retention test is considered a standard and must be conducted to select screen opening and size, which decides the sand prevention capacity of the screen.
The paper presents the factors affecting the results of laboratory sand retention tests and proposes solution in the direction of considering the data trend rather than relying completely on the output results. The paper also brings about the evaluation method through the change the screen’s permeability to have better qualitative results compared to the traditional methods.
Variation of Prenatal Ultrasound-Estimated Cephalic Index; A Comparative Study of Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba Ethnic Groups in Nigeria
Authors: Ayang Lawrence O. , Abonyi Chibuzo .L 
Published: December 2022

Background: Fetal ultrasound-estimated cephalic index refers to the ratio of the fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) to the occipito-frontal diameter (OFD) by means of ultrasound estimation. The cephalic index is regarded as a useful anthropometric variable in medicine, forensic science and anthropology. There is limited data on the cephalic indices of Nigerian fetuses
Objective: To check for variations of prenatal ultrasound-estimated cephalic indices between fetuses of Igbo, Yoruba and Hausa ancestry.
Methodology: In a cross sectional study carried out in ultrasound diagnostic centres in Lagos, Enugu and Kano, all in Nigeria, fetal biparietal and occipitofrontal diameters were obtained from 200 fetuses each of Igbo, Yoruba and Hausa ethnic groups. The cephalic index was calculated for each group. The values were statistically analysed after deriving the relevant indices.
Result: The fetal cephalic indices for Igbo, Yoruba and Hausa ethnic groups were observed to be 80 Â± 3.4, 79.1 Â± 5.1 and 78.4 Â± 2.6 %, respectively.
Conclusion: The results showed that fetuses of Igbo ancestry had a different cephalic index categorization from other ethnic groups. This knowledge will be useful to sonographers and researchers.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN UJI ADAPTASI VARIETAS PADI TC IPB 02 DESA WERE III KECAMATAN GOLEWA SELATAN
Authors: Taus Igniosa , Hamakonda Umbu A. , Puspita Victoria Ayu 
Published: December 2022

Abstrak
Sektor pertanian sebagai sektor penting penunjang perekonomian negara dan masyarakat di kecamatan Golewa Selatan. Padi sebagai salah satu komoditi pangan yang dibudidaya oleh masyarakat desa memiliki jumlah produksi yang masih rendah diakibatkan kerena berbagai faktor diantaranya yaitu pemilihan benih yang tidak sesuai dengan iklim dan topografi. Varietas TC IPB 02 sebagai varietas baru telah berhasil dikembangkan di Desa Were III melalui proses uji adaptasi. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi petani dalam hal uji adaptasi varietas padi di Desa Were III Kecamatan Golewa Selatan dan mendapatkan strategi pengembangan dalam mengembangkan uji adaptasi varietas padi di Desa Were III Kecamatan Golewa Selatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Strategi yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu strategi strenghts- threats (ST) dengan alternatif strategi yang diperoleh yaitu pendampingan intensif penyuluh pertanian dan POPT, peningkatan produksi dan produktivitas melalui penerapan teknologi baru dan diversifikasi pangan melalui sistem usaha tani

Abstract
The agricultural sector as an important sector supporting the economy of the state and society in South Golewa sub-district. Rice as one of the food commodities cultivated by rural communities has a low production amount due to various factors including the selection of seeds that are not in accordance with the climate and topography. The TC IPB 02 variety as a new variety has been successfully developed in Were III Village through an adaptation test process. The purpose of this research is to find out what factors influence farmers in terms of adaptation test of rice varieties in Were III Village, South Golewa District and obtain a development strategy in developing rice variety adaptation tests in Were III Village, South Golewa District. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative using SWOT analysis.The strategy produced in this study is a strategy of strenghts-threats (ST) with alternative strategies obtained, namely intensive assistance to agricultural extension workers and POPT, increasing production and productivity through the application of new technology and food diversification through farming systems
USAHA TANAMAN PANGAN DAN TERNAK DOMBA SEBAGAI NILAI TAMBAH EKONOMI PETERNAK
Authors: Maplani Maplani , Asepriyadi Asepriyadi , Rusdiana Supardi 
Published: December 2022

Abstrak
Usaha jagung dan ternak domba sudah banyak diusahakan oleh peternak kecil di pedesaan, namun cara usahanya belum mengarah pada usaha komersial hanya sebatas usaha sampingan dan tabungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur dengan menelaah berbagai situasi dan kondisi serta dinamika perkembangan usaha jagung dan ternak domba, sumber data berasal dari literatur, jurnal, prosiding, baik yang sudah terbit maupun yang belum terbit, informasi/website, berita nasional maupun internasional, sebagai pedungkung penelitian. Data yang akan dibahas di sesuaikan dengan kondisi dan nilai ekonomi peternak khusnya pada usaha jagung dan ternak domba. Tujuan tulisan studi literatur ini adalah untuk mengetahui usaha tanaman pangan dan peternakan domba sebagai nilai tambah ekonomi peternak. Hasil sutudi literatur dapat di simpulan, bahwa usaha tanaman jagung dan ternak domba, peternak mendapat keuntungan ganda dalam satu tahun. Usaha tanaman jagung dan ternak domba menujukkan nilai R/C >1, secara ekonomi usaha jagung dan ternak domba di peternak layak untuk untuk diusahakan kembali oleh peternak.Kesimpulan penelitian studi literatur ini adalah usaha jagung dan usaha ternak domba sangat mendukung untuk kemajuan dan peningkatan nilai ekonomi peternak di pedesaan.

Abstract
The business of corn and sheep has been widely cultivated by small farmers in rural areas, but the way their business has not led to a commercial business is only a side business and savings. This study uses a literature study by examining various situations and conditions as well as the dynamics of the development of corn and sheep business. data sources come from literature, journals, proceedings, both published and unpublished, information/websites, national and international news, as a research supporter. The data that will be discussed is adjusted to the condition and economic value of farmers, especially in the corn and sheep business. The purpose of this literature study is to determine the business of food crops and sheep farming as an added value to the economy of farmers. The results of the literature study can be concluded, that the business of corn and sheep farming, breeders get double profits in one year. The business of corn and sheep shows an R/C value >1, economically the business of corn and sheep in the breeder is feasible to be re-operated by the breeder. The conclusion of this literature study is that corn and sheep farming are very supportive for the progress and increase in the economic value of farmers in rural areas.
PERAN KELOMPOK TANI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS USAHATANI PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L.) (Studi Kasus Pada Kelompok Tani Harapan Jaya Desa Moahudu Kecamatan Tabongo Kabupaten Gorontalo)
Authors: Gobel Yusriyah Atikah , Djibran Moh. Muchlis , Mokoolang Susan , Kurstiati Titiek Tri 
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap Kelompok Tani Harapan Jaya di Desa Moahudu Kecamatan Tabongo Kabupaten Gorontalo. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui peran kelompok tani Harapan Jaya dalam usahatani padi sawah, mengetahui produktivitas usahatani padi sawah dan mengetahui hubungan antara peran kelompok tani Harapan Jaya dan produktivitas usahatani padi sawah. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 24 orang anggota kelompok tani Harapan Jaya. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan studi kasus dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran kelompok tani Harapan Jaya tergolong sedang, tingkat produktivitas usahatani padi sawah tergolong tinggi sebagian besar berkategori tinggi yaitu sebanyak 10 petani (41,67%) dengan produktivitas usahatani sebesar 2.558-2.833 kg/ha dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara peran kelompok tani Harapan Jaya dan produktivitas usahatani padi sawah.

Abstract
This research was conducted on Harapan Jaya farmers group at Moahudu village Tabongo sub district Gorontalo district. The objective of research was to determine Roles of Harapan Jaya farmers group in rice field farming, to obtain productivity of rice field farming and the relationship between the productivity and role of rice field farming. This research implemented on 24 of Farmers group member. The method used survey with case study approach of qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis.The results showed that the role of the Harapan Jaya farmer group was classified as moderate, the productivity level of lowland rice farming was high, most of them were in the high category, namely 10 farmers (41.67%) with farming productivity of 2,558-2,833 kg/ha and there was a significant relationship between the role of Harapan Jaya farmer groups and productivity of paddy rice farming
Anxiety and Efficacy in Computer Technology Integration among Secondary School Teachers of Angadanan, Isabela, Philippines
Authors: Jacinto Mary Antoniete T , Samonte Franklin A 
Published: December 2022

Globally, computer technology is changing the way educators teach and students learn. Faculty must be computer literate, competent to use available technologies and to become innovative and receptive to change. This study aimed to know the levels of computer anxiety and self-efficacy, use of computer applications in instructions and levels of computer anxiety explained by computer self-efficacy, computer usage and selected characteristics. Findings show the total composite anxiety score of 29.36 which is interpreted as Low Technophobia, Generally, Relax or Comfortable. Among the identified schools, self –efficacy of 96.61 was obtained which was interpreted as very confident. When the variables were grouped, a negative correlation (r =-.392) for computer self-efficacy and computer applications (r= -.22) were noted with the composite computer anxiety scores. These two variables had inverse linear relationships with computer anxiety but had a positive linear relationship with each other. The results revealed that groups’ having less self-efficacy have less enthusiasm to perform activities compared to groups having higher self-efficacy. Other findings shown that there are number of teachers whose responses are “not available” and only few hands are utilizing the benefit of using computer applications in their profession. It is recommended that schools should be more open to teachers in using computers and to provide comprehensive training to enhance their literacy and skills in computer application. For this effort, educators could use higher technology and the possibility to develop new instructional methods and materials in their teaching.
Typification of the name Senecio pygmaeus (Asteraceae), with some additional taxonomic and phytogeographic remarks
Authors: Pasta Salvatore , Jeanmonod Daniel , Troia Angelo 
Published: December 2022

A thorough research on the scientific activity of Guglielmo Gasparrini, Giovanni Gussone and Augustin Pyramus De Candolle allowed the authors to adress a research in several European herbaria looking for the type of the name Senecio pygmaeus DC. The original specimen sent by Gussone and mentioned in the protologue by Candolle is still kept at G-DC and is designated as the lectotype, whilst three other herbarium sheets, preserved at NAP-GUSS, PAL and PAV herbaria respectively, in all probability belong to the same gathering, and are considered as isolectotypes. The authors provide an updated description of this taxon in order to better point out its diagnostic characters. However, further biosystematic and phytogeographic surveys are needed to ascertain the taxonomic value and the distribution range of S. pygmaeus. Indeed, it might represent just a dwarfed, salt-tolerant ecotype of S. leucanthemifolius Poir. or S. vulgaris L., hence be more widespread than previously reported, counting numerous scattered populations along the rocky shores of central and eastern Mediterranean countries.
A quantitative summary of compliance with the 2030 Agenda in the European Union. Short title: 2030 agenda compliance in the EU
Authors: Onrubia Fernández Jorge , Plaza Iniesta Rocío , Sánchez Fuentes Antonio Jesús 
Published: December 2022

Successive to the Millennium Development Goals initiated in 2000, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development approved in 2015 by the United Nations affects many of the political decisions currently being made. Through this Agenda, countries commit to taking actions aimed at 17 goals, 169 targets and 232 indicators created by the UN to measure them in terms of performance. Parallel to the creation of global objectives by the UN, Eurostat established 100 indicators (many equal or similar to those of the UN) focused on the countries of the European Union to monitor their development with respect to the 2030 Agenda.
This work proposes to undertake an exhaustive analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the European Union countries with respect to these set objectives, also analyzing the convergence or divergence among EU member states. To this end, we build partial synthetic indices for each goal, taking existing information on the indicators collected by Eurostat in order to combine these into a composite index that provides a global vision of the (relative) situation of each country in the EU region.