bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global sensitivity analysis using multi-resolution polynomial chaos expansion for coupled Stokes–Darcy flow problems
Authors: Kröker Ilja , Oladyshkin Sergey , Rybak Iryna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDetermination of relevant model parameters is crucial for accurate mathematical modelling and efficient numerical simulation of a wide spectrum of applications in geosciences. The conventional method of choice is the global sensitivity analysis (GSA). Unfortunately, at least the classical Monte-Carlo based GSA requires a high number of model runs. Response surfaces based techniques, e.g. arbitrary Polynomial Chaos (aPC) expansion, can reduce computational effort, however, they suffer from the Gibbs phenomena and high hardware requirements for higher accuracy. We introduce GSA for arbitrary Multi-Resolution Polynomial Chaos (aMR-PC) which is a localized aPC based data-driven polynomial discretization. The aMR-PC allows to reduce the Gibbs phenomena by construction and to achieve higher accuracy by means of localization also for lower polynomial degrees. We apply these techniques to perform the sensitivity analysis for the Stokes–Darcy problem which describes fluid flow in coupled free-flow and porous-medium systems. We consider the Stokes equations in the free-flow region, Darcy’s law in the porous-medium domain and the classical interface conditions across the fluid–porous interface including the conservation of mass, the balance of normal forces and the Beavers–Joseph condition for the tangential velocity. This coupled problem formulation contains four uncertain parameters: the exact location of the interface, the permeability, the Beavers–Joseph slip coefficient and the uncertainty in the boundary conditions. We carry out the sensitivity analysis of the coupled model with respect to these parameters using the Sobol indices on the aMR-PC expansion and conduct the corresponding numerical simulations.
Transformative education for sustainable development: A faculty perspective
Authors: O’Grady Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTransformative learning focuses on stimulating a radical reassessment of worldviews on the part of students. Such learning outcomes resonate with practitioners concerned with education for sustainable development. However, research on applying transformative learning within higher education for sustainable development is limited. Thus, the objective of this study is to obtain a deeper understanding of what is happening at the institutional level. The research question guiding this study asks what the experience of faculty who harness transformative learning when teaching sustainability topics is. Results indicate that the successful adoption of transformative learning in sustainability programs within higher education is realistic. Participants prioritized critical thinking and analysis as these were deemed attainable within the prevailing operational constraints. Moreover, participants were obliged to reassess their professional roles; this exercise was considered a crucial determinant of success. Their traditional role as the expert in the classroom was exchanged for one emphasizing co-learning and co-creation of knowledge. On a personal level, participants were compelled to examine their values, behaviors, and worldviews comprehensively.
Understanding the role of coronary artery revascularization in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and multivessel disease
Authors: Acerbo Vincenzo , Cesaro Arturo , Scherillo Gianmaria , Signore Giovanni , Rotolo Francesco Paolo , De Michele Gianantonio , Scialla Francesco , Raucci Giuseppe , Panico Domenico , Fimiani Fabio , Moscarella Elisabetta , Gragnano Felice , Calabrò Paolo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCoronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cause of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Advances and innovations in medical therapy have been shown to play a crucial role in improving the prognosis of patients with CAD and HFrEF; however, mortality rate in these patients remains high, and the role of surgical and/or percutaneous revascularization strategy is still debated. The Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial and the Revascularization for Ischemic Ventricular Dysfunction (REVIVED) trial have attempted to provide an answer to this issue. Nevertheless, the results of these two trials have generated further uncertainties. Their findings do not provide a definitive answer about the ideal clinical phenotype for surgical or percutaneous coronary revascularization and dispute the historical dogma on myocardial viability and the theory of myocardial hibernation, raising new questions about the proper selection of patients who are candidates for coronary revascularization. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on the actual available evidence of coronary artery revascularization in patients with CAD and left ventricular dysfunction and to suggest new insights on the proper selection and management strategies in this high-risk clinical setting.
Assessing Police Attitudes Toward Intervention in Gender Violence: the Role of Training, Perceived Severity, and Myths About Intimate Partner Violence Against Women
Authors: Serrano-Montilla Celia , Garrido-Macías Marta , Sáez-Díaz Javier , Sáez Gemma 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Even though evidence has broadly confirmed that public attitudes toward intervention shape the decision-making process when dealing with IPVAW events, rather less is known about what determines the police decision-making process. Research support that police attitudes toward intervention in IPVAW explain differences when police officers response to IPVAW events. This research analyzes the combined role of IPVAW myths, perceived severity, and IPVAW training in reactive (tolerance for IPVAW and minimal police involvement) and proactive (important police task and pro-arrest) police attitudes toward intervention in gender violence.

Methods
Drawing from snowball sampling, we collected responses of 211 Spanish police officers via online subject-recruitment platform.

Results
The main findings of our study confirmed that IPVAW myths lead to less proactive attitudes toward intervention both directly and through a reduction in the perceived severity of IPVAW. Importantly, we found a moderating role of IPVAW training, suggesting that the endorsement of IPVAW myths leads to less proactive responses, but only for untrained police officers.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest the importance of IPVAW training on police proactive attitudes toward intervention via IPVAW myths instead of perceived severity. Police training programs to both novice and experienced officers should be focused on confronting IPVAW myths in order to improve police perception, evaluation and involvement in gender violence events.
Properties of PLA-co-PBSu Copolymers Rapidly Synthesized by Reactive Processing
Authors: Terzopoulou Zoi , Zamboulis Alexandra , Bikiaris Nikolaos D. , Margellou Antigoni , Valera Miguel Angel , Mangas Ana , Koltsakidis Savvas , Tsongas Konstantinos , Tzetzis Dimitrios , Triantafyllidis Konstantinos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work describes the synthesis of poly(lactic acid) by the ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide in the presence of oligo(butylene succinate) with two different molecular weights (Mn = 6100 and 16300 g/mol) as a macroinitiator during reactive processing. The macroinitiators were added in concentrations 1 wt%, 2.5 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt% and 15 wt% in respect to the L-lactide mass in the premix. The properties of the received copolymers were extensively studied with spectroscopic techniques, GPC, DSC, XRD, TGA as well as nanoindentation. Blocky copolymers were received with number average molecular weights ranging from 30 to 100 kg/mol, which decreased with increasing the PBSu content in the feed. The introduction of the flexible PBSu chains decreased the single glass transition detected, while DSC and XRD gave indications that both components crystallized in the copolymers with PBSu premix content > 5 wt%. Thermal stability was maintained and depended on the composition and molecular weight. Nanoindentation showed that despite the decreasing trend of hardness and elastic modulus with increasing PBSu content, the PLA-PBSu 2.5% copolymers had simultaneously higher elasticity modulus and strength compared to the other compositions, possibly because of a complementary effect of their high molecular weight and crystallinity. These copolymers were promising for production with continuous reactive extrusion, a novel, fast and economically viable method to commercially produce PLA-based polymers.
Duality Method for Multidimensional Nonsmooth Constrained Linear Convex Stochastic Control
Authors: Vega Engel John C. Dela , Zheng Harry 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss a general multidimensional linear convex stochastic control problem with nondifferentiable objective function, control constraints, and random coefficients. We formulate an equivalent dual problem, prove the dual stochastic maximum principle and the relation of the optimal control, optimal state, and adjoint processes between primal and dual problems, and illustrate the usefulness of the dual approach with some examples.
FAC-fed: Federated adaptation for fairness and concept drift aware stream classification
Authors: Badar Maryam , Nejdl Wolfgang , Fisichella Marco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFederated learning is an emerging collaborative learning paradigm of Machine learning involving distributed and heterogeneous clients. Enormous collections of continuously arriving heterogeneous data residing on distributed clients require federated adaptation of efficient mining algorithms to enable fair and high-quality predictions with privacy guarantees and minimal response delay. In this context, we propose a federated adaptation that mitigates discrimination embedded in the streaming data while handling concept drifts (FAC-Fed). We present a novel adaptive data augmentation method that mitigates client-side discrimination embedded in the data during optimization, resulting in an optimized and fair centralized server. Extensive experiments on a set of publicly available streaming and static datasets confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first attempt towards fairness-aware federated adaptation for stream classification, therefore, to prove the superiority of our proposed method over state-of-the-art, we compare the centralized version of our proposed method with three centralized stream classification baseline models (FABBOO, FAHT, CSMOTE). The experimental results show that our method outperforms the current methods in terms of both discrimination mitigation and predictive performance.
On the Global Minimum of the Energy–Momentum Relation for the Polaron
Authors: Lampart Jonas , Mitrouskas David , Myśliwy Krzysztof 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFor the Fröhlich model of the large polaron, we prove that the ground state energy as a function of the total momentum has a unique global minimum at momentum zero. This implies the non-existence of a ground state of the translation invariant Fröhlich Hamiltonian and thus excludes the possibility of a localization transition at finite coupling.
Generalized multiple scale approach to the problem of a taut string traveled by a single force
Authors: Ferretti Manuel , Di Nino Simona , Luongo Angelo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe strongly nonlinear dynamics of taut strings, traveled by a force moving with uniform velocity, is analyzed. A change of variable is performed, which recasts the equations of motion in terms of a linearized dynamic displacement, measured from the nonlinear quasi-static response. Under the hypothesis the load velocity is far enough from the celerity of the string, the system appears in the form of linear PDEs whose coefficients are slowly variable in time. Since the classic perturbation methods are not applicable to such kind of equations, the Generalized Method of Multiple Scales is developed, by directly attacking the PDEs, to derive asymptotic solutions. The validity of the analytical predictions is assessed by comparisons with numerical simulations, aimed to prove the accuracy of (1) linearization, and (2) the asymptotic approach.
Bankruptcy in groups
Authors: Beaver William H. , Cascino Stefano , Correia Maria , McNichols Maureen F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe examine bankruptcy within business groups. Groups have incentives to support financially distressed subsidiaries, as the bankruptcy of a subsidiary may impose severe costs on the group as a whole. This is in part because, in several countries, bankruptcy courts often “pierce the corporate veil” and hold groups liable for their distressed subsidiaries’ obligations as if they were their own. Using a large cross-country sample of group-affiliated firms, we show that, by reallocating resources within the corporate structure, business groups actively manage intra-group credit risk to prevent costly within-group insolvencies. Moreover, we document that recent regulatory changes in the approval and disclosure of related party transactions are costly for business groups in that they constrain their ability to shield their subsidiaries from credit-risk shocks. Our study informs the current regulatory debate on related party transactions by highlighting an important cost of anti-self-dealing regulation.
The importance of individual-pair lending relationships
Authors: Even-Tov Omri , Li Xinlei , Wang Hui , Williams Christopher 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe examine the significance and uniqueness of individual-pair relationships cultivated through repeated loan interactions. Using a hand-collected dataset compiled of borrowing manager and loan officer information, we find that individual-pair relationship loans are associated with a cost-of-debt reduction of between seven to 13 basis points. We also document that the relationship has an economic impact even when other affiliations, for example, institutional pairs, social ties, cultural proximity, and gender, are considered. Individual-pair relationships matter because they furnish lenders with useful soft information, especially when the firm has a poor hard information environment or when the bank and loan officer rely less on hard information. In addition, we find that individual-pair relationship loans have fewer rating downgrades, suggesting that accumulated soft information leads to better loan quality. Collectively, our results highlight the unique value of sustained professional engagement between two individuals in the lending process.
A hyperintensional approach to positive epistemic possibility
Authors: Rossi Niccolò , Özgün Aybüke 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe received view says that possibility is the dual of necessity: a proposition is (metaphysically, logically, epistemically etc.) possible iff it is not the case that its negation is (metaphysically, logically, epistemically etc., respectively) necessary. This reading is usually taken for granted by modal logicians and indeed seems plausible when dealing with logical or metaphysical possibility. But what about epistemic possibility? We argue that the dual definition of epistemic possibility in terms of epistemic necessity generates tensionwhen reasoning about non-idealized agentsand is a problem of concern for mosthyperintensionalepistemic logics that alleviate the problem of logical omniscience. The tension is particularly evident when knowledge is taken as a primitive to define other epistemic concepts, such as justification and belief, as done in the knowledge-first tradition. We propose a non-dual interpretation of epistemic possibility, employing a hyperintensionality filter similar to the one that makes the corresponding epistemic necessity operator hyperintensional. We employ the proposed semantics to model Stalnaker’s belief as epistemic possibility of knowledge and provide a sound and complete axiomatization for a hyperintensional version of his bimodal logic of knowledge and belief.
Effects of variable resistance training versus conventional resistance training on muscle hypertrophy: a systematic review
Authors: Fuentes-García Miguel Angel , Malchrowicz-Mośko Ewa , Castañeda-Babarro Arkaitz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Various training factors in combination with high intensity methodologies and techniques have been extensively investigated, with the intention of increasing anabolic, endocrine responses and subsequent structural adaptations. Variable resistance training allows the demands of an exercise to be matched to the muscle’s ability to exert force. The aim of this article is to examine whether variable resistance training produces significant gains in muscle mass compared to conventional resistance training.

Methods
A literature search was performed via PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and Scopus with search terms including “variable resistance”, “accommodating resistance”, “flywheel resistance”, “bands resistance”, “eccentric overloading resistance”, “isokinetic resistance”, “elastic resistance”, “variable cam”, “chain loaded resistance training”, “hypertrophy”, “resistance training”, strength training” and “power training” in July 2023. Inclusion criteria were studies that measured direct data related to muscle hypertrophy, compared variable resistance training and conventional resistance training and measured body composition using tape measures, ultrasound, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), magnetic resonance imaging and bioimpedance metres.

Results
Our search identified a total of 528 articles, and 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. The results of the studies analysed show that similar improvements occur, with no significant differences between the two training protocols.

Conclusion
This systematic review revealed that variable resistance training does not produce a greater gain in muscle mass compared to conventional training over a short–medium period of time and with untrained subjects. Therefore, it is necessary to compare these two training methods over longer training periods and with subjects with more experience in resistance training.
Pan-primate studies of age and sex
Authors: Horvath Steve , Haghani Amin , Zoller Joseph A. , Lu Ake T. , Ernst Jason , Pellegrini Matteo , Jasinska Anna J. , Mattison Julie A. , Salmon Adam B. , Raj Ken , Horvath Markus , Paul Kimberly C. , Ritz Beate R. , Robeck Todd R. , Spriggs Maria , Ehmke Erin E. , Jenkins Susan , Li Cun , Nathanielsz Peter W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAge and sex have a profound effect on cytosine methylation levels in humans and many other species. Here we analyzed DNA methylation profiles of 2400 tissues derived from 37 primate species including 11 haplorhine species (baboons, marmosets, vervets, rhesus macaque, chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutan, humans) and 26 strepsirrhine species (suborders Lemuriformes and Lorisiformes). From these we present here, pan-primate epigenetic clocks which are highly accurate for all primates including humans (age correlation R = 0.98). We also carried out in-depth analysis of baboon DNA methylation profiles and generated five epigenetic clocks for baboons (Olive-yellow baboon hybrid), one of which, the pan-tissue epigenetic clock, was trained on seven tissue types (fetal cerebral cortex, adult cerebral cortex, cerebellum, adipose, heart, liver, and skeletal muscle) with ages ranging from late fetal life to 22.8 years of age. Using the primate data, we characterize the effect of age and sex on individual cytosines in highly conserved regions. We identify 11 sex-related CpGs on autosomes near genes (POU3F2, CDYL, MYCL, FBXL4, ZC3H10, ZXDC, RRAS, FAM217A, RBM39, GRIA2, UHRF2). Low overlap can be observed between age- and sex-related CpGs. Overall, this study advances our understanding of conserved age- and sex-related epigenetic changes in primates, and provides biomarkers of aging for all primates.
Mobile augmented reality supporting families’ immersive collaborative learning: Learning-on-the-move for place-based geoscience sense-making
Authors: Zimmerman Heather Toomey , Land Susan M. , Faimon Lillyanna , Chiu Yu-Chen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe investigated how families experienced immersion as they collaboratively made sense of geologic time and geoscience processes during a place-based, learning-on-the-move (LOTM) experience mediated by a mobile augmented reality (MAR) app. Our team developed an MAR app, Time Explorers, that focused on how rock-water interactions shaped Appalachia over millions of years. Data were collected at the Children’s Garden at the Arboretum at Penn State. Data sources were videos of app usage, point-of-view camera recordings with audio capturing family conversations, and interviews from 17 families (51 people). The analytical technique was interaction analysis, in which episodes of family sense-making were identified and developed into qualitative vignettes focused on how immersion did or did not support learning about geoscience and geologic time. We analyzed how design elements supported sensory, actional, narrative, and social immersion through photo-taking, discussion prompts, and augmented reality visualizations. Findings showed that sensory and social immersion supported sense-making conversations and observational inquiry, while narrative and actional immersion supported deep family engagement with the geoscience content. At many micro-sites of learning, families engaged in multiple immersive processes where conversations, observational inquiry, and deep engagement with the geoscience came together during LOTM. This analysis contributes to the CSCL literature on theory related to LOTM in outdoor informal settings, while also providing design conjectures in an immersive, family-centered, place-based LOTM framework.
Treatment of osteoporosis with denosumab in patients with decreased kidney function
Authors: Svendsen Ole Lander 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Little is known about treatment of osteoporosis with denosumab (Prolia®) in patients with decreased kidney function. The aim of this retrospective case report study was to investigate effects and side-effects of such treatment.

Methods
Since 2012, 75 patients with osteoporosis and decreased kidney function had been treated with denosumab (Prolia®) in the osteoporosis outpatient clinic of the department of endocrinology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, and data were retrospectively collected from the patient records of these patients in 2021.

Results
At baseline, the mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 34 mL/min (range 9–50) and the median age was 85 years (range 45–103). 95% of the patients had had low-energy fractures, and the bone mineral density T score of the hips was on average − 2.7. All, but one, patients had normal/high parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.
The mean duration of the treatment with denosumab at the follow-up was 5.3 years (range 1.5–10). There was an annual increase of 12% and of 7% in the T score of in the lumbar spine and hip, respectively, compared to the T-scores prior to the denosumab treatment. 20% had a new fracture during the follow-up. 21% had biochemical hypocalcemia following denosumab injection, 7% developed symptoms of hypocalcemia, whereas 4% needed to be hospitalized acutely.

Conclusion
Treatment with denosumab of osteoporosis in patients with decreased kidney function (eGFR 9–50 mL/min), with normal/high PTH, seems in general to be well tolerated, with improvement of bone and decreased risk of new fractures.