bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interfamily grafted hybrids Vitis vinifera / Schisandra chinensis resulted in genetic, phenotypic, and metabolic changes
Authors: Zhang Shulin , Zhao Jun-Hui , Diao Songfeng , Feng Luying , Jia Wenqing , Li Fang-Dong , zhu gaopu , Zhao Han 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Long-distance transfer of genetic material and metabolites between rootstock and scions is well documented in homo-grafted hybrids but has rarely been reported in genetically-distant grafts where the rootstock and scion belong to different families.
Results
We grafted Vitis vinifera scions onto Schisandra chinensis stocks and obtained 20 vegetative hybrids, Vitis vinifera / Schisandra chinensis (Vs). After 25 years of growth, we found that the phenotypes of the leaves, internodes, and fruits of the Vs hybrids above the graft union resembled an intermediate phenotype between V. vinifera and S. chinensis and the new traits were stable when propagated vegetatively. We further analyzed genetic differences between Vv plants and Vs hybrids using high-throughput sequencing, while metabolomes were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). We found a total of 2113 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs enriched mainly in oxidation-reduction and metabolic processes. Seventy-nine differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) containing 27 known miRNAs and 52 novel miRNAs were identified. A degradation analysis detected 840 target genes corresponding to 252 miRNAs, of which 12 DEMs and their corresponding target gene expression levels were mostly negatively correlated. Furthermore, 1188 differential metabolic compounds were identified. In particular, in Vs hybrids, the abundance of the metabolites schizandrin and gomisin as the main medicinal ingredients in S. chinensis were down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively.
Conclusions
Our data demonstrated the effects of interfamily grafts on the phenotype, transcript profile and metabolites of the scion, also provided new insight into the genetic, phenotypic, and metabolic plasticity associated with genetically distant grafted hybrids.
Tamm-cavity terahertz detector
Authors: Zhang Yichen , Zhou Shuyu , Tang Wenjing , Yan Xu , Rui Yunjie , Wang Wohu , Yan Bingnan , Zhang Chen , Ye Ziyao , Shi Hongkai , Su Runfeng , Dong Daxing , Wan Chao , Xu Ruiying , Zhao Qing-Yuan , Zhang Labao , Jia Xiaoqing , Wang Hua-Bing , Kang Lin , Chen Jian , Wu Pei-Heng , Tu Xuecou 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Efficiently fabricating a cavity that can achieve strong interactions between terahertz waves and matter would allow researchers to exploit the intrinsic properties due to the long wavelength in the terahertz waveband. This paper presents a terahertz detector embedded in a hybrid Tamm cavity with an extremely narrow response bandwidth and an adjustable resonant frequency. A new record has been reached: a Q value of 1017 and a bandwidth of only 469 MHz for terahertz direct detection. The hybrid Tamm-cavity detector consists of an Si/air distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), an Nb5N6 microbolometer detector on the substrate, and a metal reflector. This device enables very strong light–matter coupling by the detector with an extremely confined photonic mode compared to a Fabry–Pérot resonator detector at terahertz frequencies. Ingeniously, the substrate of the detector is used as the defect layer of the hybrid cavity. The resonant frequency can then be controlled by adjusting the thickness of the substrate cavity. The detector and DBR cavity are fabricated separately, and a large pixel-array detector can be realized by a very simple assembly process. This versatile structure can be used as a platform for preparing high-performance terahertz devices and is a breakthrough in the study of the strong interactions between terahertz waves and matter.
Establishing an efficient micropropagation method for Huang Qi (Astragalus membranaceus)
Authors: Tran Thi Ngoc Anh , Xu Feng-Jiao , Ko Jae-Heung , Yang Deok Chun , Yang Dong-UK , Jung Seok-Kyu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Astragalus membranaceus is known as Hwang-gi in Korea, Huang Qi in Chinese and Radix Astragali in Latin, is a member of Fabaceae family. Traditionally, it has been used as an immunomodulator to treat people with cardiovascular disease as well as colds, fatigue, diarrhea, anorexia, and irregular uterine hemorrhage. In this study, an efficient micropropagation method of Huang Qi was established, by which micropropagation can be achieved from 2 pathways: directly and indirectly. For direct organogenesis, the multi-shoots were induced from apical or lateral shoots in MS medium with BA at 1.0 mg/L and subsequently, they were proliferated in MS supplemented with kinetin at 2.0 mg/L. For indirect organogenesis, the adventitious shoots were regenerated indirectly in MS with BAP at 1.0 mg/L and IBA at 0.5 mg/L media from callus, formed in MS with 2.4-D at 1.0 mg/L. Finally, the single shoot was transferred to 1/2 MS medium for rooting. Regenerated plants grown on hormone-free media for 1 month were transferred to polyethylene pots containing a cocopeat: perlite (3:1; v/v) mixture with a survival rate of approximately 93% 1 month after acclimation. The results of this study make a significant contribution to the efficient micropropagation of this plant, which is useful to provide abundant and stable resources for the extraction of secondary metabolites with potential downstream applications. Large-scale micropropagation offers an alternative within shorter time to grow this plant in the field for commercial and pharmaceutical uses.
Green and facile synthesis of N,S co-doped carbon quantum dots with a high product yield for selective detection of Hg2+ in aqueous system
Authors: Ren Haitao , Labidi Abdelkader , Sun Jinhua , Allam Ahmed A. , Ajarem Jamaan S. , Abukhadra Mostafa , Wang Chuanyi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Developing carbon quantum dots with high throughput and quantum yields is critically important to promoting their application in environmental detection. Here, we developed a facile, green and high-output tactic to produce the N,S co-doped carbon quantum dots (N,S-CQDs) with excitation-dependent photoluminescence properties (quantum yield 29.4%). The methyl orange was used as a precursor for the first time and only water was used as a solvent without cumbersome separation processes. Noteworthily, the product yield of the obtained N,S-CQDs was evaluated to be 75.6%, which is much higher compared what previously studied. Moreover, cell culture result indicates that the toxicity of N,S-CQDs was dramatically reduced in the cellular levels in comparison to its precursor. Even at a high CQDs dose (500 µg/mL), the cell still sustained 90% activity, indicating that they cannot cause secondary pollution to the environment during practical applications. As-synthesized N, S-CQDs show high selectivity, low detection limit of 237 nM, and fast response time (~ 30 s) for detecting Hg2+. Systematical analyses demonstrate that the detection mechanism was elucidated to the synergistic action of static quenching, inner filter effect and photoinduced electron transfer. This study not only provides constructive guidance for the high-throughput and facile production of high-quality fluorescent CQDs, but also boosts the promising application of CQDs in environmental detection.
Immediate and Long-term Responses of Coastal Vegetation to Extreme Storm Events along the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Steenrod Camille L. , Battaglia Loretta L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Tropical storms occur frequently along the northern Gulf of Mexico, creating disturbances in coastal areas already influenced by rising seas. Responses of vegetation to extreme storm events at different time scales provide insight into ecosystem resiliency and future persistence. This study examines short- and long-term impacts of 27 extreme storm events on emergent herbaceous wetlands and woody wetlands in southeastern Alabama, USA using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data. NDVI indicates vegetation vigor and is commonly used to measure responses to disturbance. We hypothesized overall decreases in NDVI, immediately following storm events, and over longer time scales due to cumulative impacts of multiple storms and compressed recovery times. We also expected declining NDVI in emergent herbaceous wetlands following saline storm surges, and in woody wetlands following strong winds. Half of the events (13/27) led to significant immediate declines in NDVI, whereas NDVI increased over the 17-year study period in both wetland types. Fresh water inputs from precipitation and runoff may have contributed to increased NDVI in emergent herbaceous wetlands following disturbances, whereas resprouting in canopy gaps from defoliation and uprooting may have increased NDVI in woody wetlands. An overall increase in NDVI in the last five years of the study period may, in part, reflect migration of some species to more suitable upslope habitat. These results suggest that coastal ecosystems along the northern Gulf of Mexico are more resilient to climate change than previously assumed, particularly where upslope migration is possible.
Patient satisfaction survey of the “Healthy Heart” pharmaceutical care service – evaluation of pharmacy labelling with pharmaceutical pictograms
Authors: Merks Piotr , Religioni Urszula , Jaguszewski Miłosz , Barańska Agnieszka , Neumann-Podczaska Agnieszka , Kaźmierczak Justyna , Blicharska Eliza , Šola Katarina Fehir , Vaillancourt Regis 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction. Low adherence is a major challenge in healthcare worldwide, being particularly dangerous for patients with chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and heart failure, where strict adherence is essential. Non-adherence is observed in almost half of patients, and the consequences encompass a lack of therapeutic effects, health deterioration, decreased quality of life, and even death. For cardiovascular patients, the great importance of health education and pharmaceutical education can be provided within pharmaceutical care in community pharmacies. Therefore, our study aimed at evaluating the level of satisfaction with the “Healthy Heart” pharmaceutical service, in which patients received pictograms with dosage information affixed to their medication.
Material and methods. The study was designed for patients who had been prescribed an antiplatelet medication for the first time. The patients were recruited by 577 pharmacies that took part in the study after completing a special course. Ultimately, 1590 patients were enrolled in the study. The project ran from November 2019 to January 2022.
Results. Most of patients had a positive attitude to the “Healthy Heart” pharmaceutical service. More than 85% of the respondents were of the opinion that the pictograms facilitated the use of the medication, and 81.7% of the respondents stated that the system of labels helped in adherence. Over 66% of the respondents thought that such labels should be included in pharmacy services, and 77.92% of the participants reported that this system of labelling medications should be offered through all pharmacies.
Conclusions. Pharmaceutical labels in the pharmacists’ everyday practice can largely improve patient adherence. These efforts, provided as part of their pharmaceutical services, can have a huge influence on optimisation of patient health outcomes.
FLT4 activation promotes chemoresistance in pediatric leukemia through stabilization of MDM2/MDMX and inactivation of p53
Authors: Dubuissez Marion , Haferssas Djazia , Barrera-Chimal Jonatan , Messmer Clémence , Affar El Bachir , Larrivée Bruno , Liu Xue-Song , Gerarduzzi Casimiro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aberrant Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) signaling allows cancer cells to modulate survival, proliferation and death, leading to tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. In leukemia, the RTK FMS-Related Tyrosine Kinase 4 (FLT4) (also known as VEGFR-3, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor- 3) is deregulated and correlates with cancer progression. However, the underlying consequences of its deregulation remain to be determined. Moreover, chemotherapy treatment requires that cancer cells retain a wild type p53 (wt) in order to respond to DNA damage by tumor suppressing activities, i.e. apoptosis. p53 activity is predominantly limited by its two major negative regulators, MDM2 and MDMX, which inactivate p53 by promoting its degradation and/or cytoplasmic localization. In this study, we have shown that activation of FLT4 by either overexpression or binding of its ligand, VEGF-C, leads to an increase in MDM2/MDMX stability, inactivation of p53 and resistance to DNA damaging therapies. Through immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis, we observed that FLT4 induced phosphorylation of MDMX at Ser-314, a consensus sequence of CDK4/6. Our data revealed that phosphorylation of MDMX on Ser-314 increases the stability of MDMX, which subsequently affects MDM2 and p53 degradation and could be reversed by the CDK4/6 inhibitor Palbociclib. More importantly, leukemic cells treated with Palbociclib were more susceptible to DNA damaging induction of apoptosis and had reduced cell proliferation. Altogether, our research proposes an innovative way to reactivate p53 in pediatric leukemia through the pharmacological inhibition of FLT4 signaling, which could serve as a potential treatment option for this disease.
Residual Waste Management in London, England: A Reality Check
Authors: Minhas Nadia , Gerassimidou Spyridoula , Iacovidou Eleni 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Residual waste is a key fraction of municipal solid waste generated, yet its management is poorly understood and has gained little attention over the past years. Using London as a case study, the study found that of the 5 Mt of residual waste reported to be managed in London, 3.5 Mt is managed via recovery operations, whereas 1.59 Mt of waste is managed via disposal operations, primarily landfills that take in 0.82 Mt of residual waste each year. Among the recovery options, incineration with energy recovery, a final treatment option, is the most prevalent recovery option, accounting for the management of 1.44 Mt of residual waste, highlighting a technological lock-in that could jeopardise UK’s ability to achieve its Net Zero Carbon ambition. This data depicts the movements of residual waste rather than its final treatment, hence, pointing to the presence of blind spots in the final fate of residual waste and double counting; both of which prevent decision- and policy-making. Transparency in data recording and monitoring and the creation of a level playing field for all stakeholders involved in residual waste management could gradually break reliance on destructive treatment processes, and instead, empower improved segregation of waste at source for enabling the better management of residual waste. Acknowledge that residual waste has a significant role to play in making the transition to a circular economy and therefore, is imperative to pave the way for future policy direction on residual waste management.
Health-related quality of life of children from low-income families,The New Patterns study
Authors: Haraldstad Kristin , Abildsnes Eirik , Bøe Tormod , Vigsnes Kristine , Wilson Philip , Mølland Eirin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Child poverty has been gradually rising, so that about 12% of all Norwegian children are living in a state of relative poverty. This study was part of the New Patterns project, which recruits low-income families requiring long-term welfare services. Included families receive integrated welfare services, with the help of a family coordinator. The current study objectives were to describe health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a sample of children and adolescents participating in the New Patterns project (baseline) and to explore the relations among age, background, participation in leisure activities, and HRQoL.
Methods
Participating families had children (N=214) aged 0–18 years, a three-year averaged household income below 60% of the equivalized median population income and needed long-term welfare services. HRQoL was measured using the KIDSCREEN-27 self-report instrument. Descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations, and proportions, were calculated, and ordinary least squares regressions were performed, clustering standard errors at the family level.
Results
Compared with boys, girls reported lower HRQoL on all dimensions, and older children reported significantly lower HRQoL levels on the physical well-being and school environment dimensions than younger children. Children with immigrant backgrounds reported higher HRQoL than did children without immigrant backgrounds, even when controlling for gender, age, and participation in leisure activities.
Conclusions
Overall, the participating children reported good HRQoL. However, substantial variations within HRQoL dimensions were observed, indicating that some participants had lower HRQoL scores, especially on the physical and social support dimensions. Children with immigrant backgrounds reported significantly higher HRQoL than children without an immigrant background.
The validity of a portable strain-gauge apparatus versus a commercial isokinetic dynamometer for evaluating knee extension kinetics
Authors: Oranchuk Dustin J. , Juneau Chris M. , Diewald Shelley S. , Neville Jonathan. , Cronin John B. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Isokinetic dynamometers are the gold standard for assessing joint and muscle-specific kinetics. However, commercial dynamometers are often prohibitively expensive and lack portability. Therefore, we compared kinetic data captured via an affordable and portable strain-gauge with a treatment plinth against a isokinetic dynamometer during maximal isometric knee extensions.
Methods
Healthy participants (8 males and 6 females; age 30.2 ± 7.1 years) volunteered and performed knee extensions at a 90° knee angle on a dynamometer and a treatment plinth with a portable strain-gauge. Peak force (PF), peak rate of force development (PRFD), rate of force development (RFD2080) and impulse (IMP2080) from 20–80% of onset to peak force were assessed.
Results
No meaningful differences were identified between isokinetic and strain-gauge devices (all p ≥ 0.268, ES ≤ 0.35). However, greater (2.5–9.5%) outputs were observed with the isokinetic dynamometer. Very large between-device correlations were found for PF (r = 0.77, p = 0.001) and PRFD (r = 0.73, p = 0.003), while small and moderate between-device correlations were found for RFD2080 (r = 0.48, p = 0.079) and IMP2080 (r = 0.59, p = 0.060). Bland-Altman plots did not reveal apparent biases from high to low performers.
Conclusions
The examined strain-gauge device produces valid maximal and rapid force expression measurements. Similar results can be obtained without extreme rigour and constraint, such as those quantified via an isokinetic device. This study's overall findings support the use of the practically relevant treatment plinth and strain-gauge combination as a suitable alternative to the isokinetic dynamometry for the measurement of PF and PRFD. Therefore, more rehabilitation and sports performance practitioners can confidently assess knee extension kinetics.
The modified Glasgow Prognostic Score indicates an increased risk of anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer.
Authors: Golshani Parisa , Park Jennifer , Häggström Jenny , Segelman Josefin , Matthiessen Peter , Lydrup Marie-Louise , Rutegård Martin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose Preoperative inflammation might cause and also be a marker for anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for rectal cancer. Available biomarker indices such as the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) or the C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) may be clinically useful for leakage assessment. Methods Patients who underwent anterior resection for rectal cancer during 2014–2018 from a multicentre retrospective cohort were included. Data from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer registry and chart review at each hospital were collected. In a subset of patients, preoperative laboratory assessments were available, constituting the exposures mGPS and CAR. Anastomotic leakage within 12 months was the outcome. Causally oriented analyses were conducted with adjustment for confounding, as well as predictive models. Results A total of 418 patients were eligible for analysis. Most patients had mGPS = 0 (83.7%), while mGPS = 1 (11.7%) and mGPS = 2 (4.5%) were less common. mGPS = 2 (OR: 4.04; 95% CI: 1.64–9.93) seemed to confer anastomotic leakage, while this was not seen for mGPS = 1 (OR 1.06; 95% CI: 0.53–2.11). A cut off point of CAR > 0.36 might be indicative of leakage (OR 2.25; 95% CI: 1.21–4.19). Predictive modelling using mGPS rendered an area-under-the-curve of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.67–0.80) at most. Conclusion Preoperative inflammation seems to be involved in the development of anastomotic leakage after anterior resection for cancer. Inclusion into prediction models did not result in accurate leakage prediction, but high degrees of systemic inflammation might still be important in clinical decision-making.
Predicting Sepsis Onset in ICU Using Machine Learning Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Zhenyu , Cui Xiaoju , Song Zhe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by the body's abnormal response to infection, which imposes a significant health and economic burden worldwide due to its high mortality rate. Early recognition of sepsis is crucial for effective treatment. This study aims to systematically evaluate the predictive performance of various machine learning models in predicting the onset of sepsis.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases, covering studies from the inception of the databases up to November 14, 2022. We used the PROBAST tool to assess the risk of bias. We calculated the predictive performance of sepsis onset using C-index and accuracy. We followed the PRISMA guidelines for this study.
Results: We included 23 eligible studies with a total of 4,314,145 patients and 26 different machine learning models. The most frequently used models in the studies were Random Forest (n=9), Extreme Gradient Boost (n=7), and Logistic Regression (n=6). Random Forest (test set n=9, acc=0.911) and Extreme Gradient Boost (test set n=7, acc=0.957) were the most accurate models based on our analysis of the predictive performance. In terms of the C-index outcome, Random Forest (n=6, acc=0.79) and Extreme Gradient Boost (n=7, acc=0.83) showed the highest performance.
Conclusion: Machine learning has proven to be an effective tool for predicting sepsis at an early stage. However, to obtain more accurate results, additional machine learning methods are required. In our research, we discovered that XGBoost and Random Forest exhibited the best predictive performance and were most frequently utilized for predicting the onset of sepsis.
Systematic review registration:CRD42022384015