bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pursuit of hidden rules behind the irregularity of nano capillary lithography by hybrid intelligence
Authors: Cho In Ho , Ji Myung Gi , Kim Jaeyoun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNature finds a way to leverage nanotextures to achieve desired functions. Recent advances in nanotechnologies endow fascinating multi-functionalities to nanotextures by modulating the nanopixel’s height. But nanoscale height control is a daunting task involving chemical and/or physical processes. As a facile, cost-effective, and potentially scalable remedy, the nanoscale capillary force lithography (CFL) receives notable attention. The key enabler is optical pre-modification of photopolymer’s characteristics via ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Still, the underlying physics of the nanoscale CFL is not well understood, and unexplained phenomena such as the “forbidden gap” in the nano capillary rise (unreachable height) abound. Due to the lack of large data, small length scales, and the absence of first principles, direct adoptions of machine learning or analytical approaches have been difficult. This paper proposes a hybrid intelligence approach in which both artificial and human intelligence coherently work together to unravel the hidden rules with small data. Our results show promising performance in identifying transparent, physics-retained rules of air diffusivity, dynamic viscosity, and surface tension, which collectively appear to explain the forbidden gap in the nanoscale CFL. This paper promotes synergistic collaborations of humans and AI for advancing nanotechnology and beyond.
Towards comprehensive air quality management using low-cost sensors for pollution source apportionment
Authors: Bousiotis Dimitrios , Allison Gordon , Beddows David C. S. , Harrison Roy M. , Pope Francis D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSuccessful air quality management and control not only requires measurements of air pollution levels. It also requires information on the sources of air pollution, and their relative magnitudes and importance, to plan and enact cost-effective control measures. This paper provides an important breakthrough towards the wider and more comprehensive use of source apportionment via low-cost techniques. Low-cost sensor measurements, along with the statistical methods of Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) and k-means clustering, were able to successfully pinpoint and quantify the main sources of pollution in three regulatory important sites (a construction site, a quarry and a roadside). The anticipated levels of pollution, which were dependent on meteorological conditions and temporal variations, were assessed. The analysis provides information crucial for successful air quality management and control at a significantly lower cost than previously achieved. The strengths and weaknesses of the methodologies used are illustrated and discussed.
The role of upper-ocean variations of the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension in seasonal-to-decadal air-sea heat flux variability
Authors: Joh Youngji , Delworth Thomas L. , Wittenberg Andrew T. , Yang Xiaosong , Rosati Anthony , Johnson Nathaniel C. , Jia Liwei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension (KOE) is the North Pacific oceanic frontal zone where air-sea heat and moisture exchanges allow strong communication between the ocean and atmosphere. Using satellite observations and reanalysis datasets, we show that the KOE surface heat flux variations are very closely linked to Kuroshio Extension (KE) sea surface height (SSH) variability on both seasonal and decadal time scales. We investigate seasonal oceanic and atmospheric anomalies associated with anomalous KE upper ocean temperature, as reflected in SSH anomalies (SSHa). We show that the ocean-induced seasonal changes in air-sea coupled processes, which are accompanied by KE upper-ocean temperature anomalies, lead to significant ocean-to-atmosphere heat transfer during November-December-January (i.e., NDJ). This anomalous NDJ KOE upward heat transfer has recently grown stronger in the observational record, which also appears to be associated with the enhanced KE decadal variability. Highlighting the role of KOE heat fluxes as a communicator between the upper-ocean and the overlying atmosphere, our findings suggest that NDJ KOE heat flux variations could be a useful North Pacific climate indicator.
Emergence of a Bose polaron in a small ring threaded by the Aharonov-Bohm flux
Authors: Brauneis Fabian , Ghazaryan Areg , Hammer Hans-Werner , Volosniev Artem G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe model of a ring threaded by the Aharonov-Bohm flux underlies our understanding of a coupling between gauge potentials and matter. The typical formulation of the model is based upon a single particle picture, and should be extended when interactions with other particles become relevant. Here, we illustrate such an extension for a particle in an Aharonov-Bohm ring subject to interactions with a weakly interacting Bose gas. We show that the ground state of the system can be described using the Bose-polaron concept—a particle dressed by interactions with a bosonic environment. We connect the energy spectrum to the effective mass of the polaron, and demonstrate how to change currents in the system by tuning boson-particle interactions. Our results suggest the Aharonov-Bohm ring as a platform for studying coherence and few- to many-body crossover of quasi-particles that arise from an impurity immersed in a medium.
Charge fluctuations in the intermediate-valence ground state of SmCoIn5
Authors: Tam David W. , Colonna Nicola , Kumar Neeraj , Piamonteze Cinthia , Alarab Fatima , Strocov Vladimir N. , Cervellino Antonio , Fennell Tom , Gawryluk Dariusz Jakub , Pomjakushina Ekaterina , Soh Y. , Kenzelmann Michel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe microscopic mechanism of heavy band formation, relevant for unconventional superconductivity in CeCoIn5 and other Ce-based heavy fermion materials, depends strongly on the efficiency with which f electrons are delocalized from the rare earth sites and participate in a Kondo lattice. Replacing Ce3+ (4f1, J = 5/2) with Sm3+ (4f5, J = 5/2), we show that a combination of the crystal electric field and on-site Coulomb repulsion causes SmCoIn5 to exhibit a Γ7 ground state similar to CeCoIn5 with multiple f electrons. We show that with this single-ion ground state, SmCoIn5 exhibits a temperature-induced valence crossover consistent with a Kondo scenario, leading to increased delocalization of f holes below a temperature scale set by the crystal field, Tv ≈ 60 K. Our result provides evidence that in the case of many f electrons, the crystal field remains the dominant tuning knob in controlling the efficiency of delocalization near a heavy fermion quantum critical point, and additionally clarifies that charge fluctuations play a general role in the ground state of “115” materials.
Prevalence of the human papillomavirus (HPV) types among cervical dysplasia women attending a gynaecological clinic in Sweden
Authors: García Fabricio Romero , Norenhag Johanna , Edfeldt Gabriella , Cheng Liqin , Hugerth Luisa Warchavchik , Pennhag Alexandra A. L. , Schuppe-Koistinen Ina , Engstrand Lars , Olovsson Matts , Du Juan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. HPV-vaccines have led to a significant decrease in HPV-infections and related cancer cases. The estimation of the current HPV-prevalence and distribution of different HPV-types among women with cervical dysplasia is important for the future vaccination strategy.

Methods
By using a multiplexed bead-based immunoassay, we revealed the prevalence of 27 HPV-types in 168 dysplasia women aged 21–70 from Uppsala University hospital, Sweden.

Results
The prevalence of HPV in low-and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL and HSIL, respectively) were 56.3% and 76.7%, respectively. The oncogenic HPV-types constituted 80.0%, and 97.1% among the HPV-positive LSIL and HSIL-groups, respectively, with HPV16 as the most prevalent type. We found a reduction in oncogenic HPV-types covered by the bi- and quadrivalent vaccines in the vaccinated HSIL-group, suggesting the effectiveness of the HPV-vaccine in preventing dysplasia caused by the covered HPV-types. Oncogenic HPV-types 39 and 59, not covered by any current vaccine have an important prevalence among patients with cervical dysplasia.

Conclusions
Oncogenic-HPV-types are highly prevalent among women with HSIL. The current vaccine presents effectiveness for reducing the covered HPV-types among dysplasia patients.
Intelligent reflecting surface‐assisted beamforming‐NOMA networks for short‐packet communications: Performance analysis and deep learning approach
Authors: Linh Nguyen Thi Yen , Son Pham Ngoc , Bao Vo Nguyen Quoc 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates intelligent reconfigurable surface‐assisted non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks for short packet communications where the source with multiple antennas utilizes beamforming technology to serve two end users including a near user and a far user. The analysis system, closed‐form expressions of the average block error rates (BLERs), latency and reliability at all users are derived under assuming perfect channel state information over quasi‐static Rayleigh fading channels. For evaluating the improvement of the network system, a deep neural network (DNN) framework is designed to predict the performance parameters in two cases: (i) BLERs prediction of the users, (ii) transmit power allocation under the constraints of BLERs at each user which satisfy the extremely high reliability requirements of uRLLCs. The extensive results demonstrate that first, the DNN‐based estimation results are more accurate than Monte‐Carlo simulation results with low execution time. Second, the allocated power for each user can be accurately predicted at the high layers. Finally, two methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the DNN model, i.e. root mean square error and mean absolute percentage error, reach low error which verify the power of the designed DNN model for future analysis.
Risk‐constrained two‐stage scheduling of a virtual energy hub integrated with intelligent parking lots in the presence of electrical and thermal energy markets and responsive loads
Authors: Norouzi Saba , Tabar Vahid Sohrabi , Ghassemzadeh Saeid , Rostami Naghi , Tohidi Sajjad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe energy hub applications have been investigated from different perspectives in recent years due to their benefits such as high flexibility and reliability. This paper proposes a two‐stage stochastic programming to enable the participation of a virtual energy hub integrated with parking lots in the electrical and thermal energy markets under the uncertainty of renewable resources, load demands and energy prices. In such modeling, the first stage optimizes the offers of the virtual hub in the day‐ahead markets before realizing uncertain parameters and the second stage minimizes the real‐time imbalanced cost and determines the operation of components considering actual data. In order to evaluate the risk of decisions, the conditional value‐at‐risk metric is utilized and the results are discussed in the risk‐neutral and risk‐averse strategies for a sample day of summer and winter. In the following, a time‐based program is implemented to indicate the influence of responsive loads and a sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess the effectiveness of the flexible units. The simulations approve that although the risk‐averse optimization significantly decreases the profit, the initiative against fluctuations enhances. The outcomes also demonstrate the notable role of flexible units and loads for energy trading in the electrical and thermal markets.
A review on basic theory and technology of agricultural energy internet
Authors: Zhang Xiurong , Fu Xueqian , Xue Yixun , Chang Xinyue , Bai Xiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the context of modern agricultural production mode and domestic energy consumption, profound changes have taken place in agricultural and rural energy consumption, resulting in the demand for new technology development in various sectors of source, network, and load in rural energy systems. Agricultural energy internet (AEI) has promoted the development of renewable energy and agricultural electrification in villages. The construction of the AEI is crucial for achieving the synergistic development of agriculture, energy, and environment. The basic theory and key technologies of AEI are investigated and the prospects for the direction of agricultural energy technology are conducted. The research investigation shows that the AEI framework proposed by China Agricultural University is of great significance for realizing agricultural electrification and reducing agricultural carbon emissions. The article describes in detail the key data and characteristics of agricultural electrification loads. Digital twin technology and virtual power plant technology will be crucial to the construction of advanced AEI.
Dynamic frequency control strategy for the CSP plant in power systems with low inertia
Authors: Fang Yucheng , Du Ershun , Wang Haoyi , Wang Peng , Chen Yidan , Zhang Ning 
Published: August 2023

AbstractVariable renewable energy integration poses a challenge to the secure operation of the power system, especially for frequency security. How to provide frequency response to maintain satisfactory frequency performance is still an open question. Concentrating solar power, with renewable energy characteristics and synchronous units, is a potential solution to the frequency response problem. This paper discusses how concentrating solar power plants can be employed to ensure frequency security and proposes its dynamic frequency control strategy accordingly. The proposed strategy is contained in a novel unit commitment model with a primary frequency response and a secondary frequency response to co‐optimize the energy reserve. The validity of the unit commitment model and proposed control strategy is verified by two case studies including a modified 6‐bus and RTS‐79 system.
A novel FFA‐GWO‐based optimization paradigm for solving a dynamic economic emission dispatch in power plants
Authors: Mughal Raheel Chan Zab , Nawaz Usman , Ahmed Saghir , Mumtaz Sidra , Waseem Muhammad , Saleh Ahmed Mohammed 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThermal power plants are the primary components of the electrical energy production industry. These plants come with certain challenges such as the production of harmful gases causing environmental pollution. This adds to global warming issues that are dangerous for the earth's ecosystem. Another crucial aim is the least cost operation of these power plants. Combining both of these results in the formulation of the Dynamic Economic Emission Dispatch (DEED). This is a multi‐objective, constrained, dynamic, complex, and non‐linear optimization problem. Traditional methods are insufficient to undertake the complexities of DEED due to challenges such as high computational requirements and local optimal solutions. Hence, for obtaining an optimal or near‐optimal solution to such a complex problem, a metaheuristic technique is greatly needed. Metaheuristic techniques offer several benefits to solving complex problems such as being robust, efficient, and overall, less affected by an increase in problem size. In this work, a novel hybrid Firefly Optimization Algorithm (FFA)—Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm (GWO) has been proposed to solve the DEED problem. The complexity of the DEED problem is undertaken by involving constraints like power limits, power balance, and transmission losses. FFA‐GWO was applied on 5, 10, and 15‐unit standard test systems to meet 24‐h load demands. The optimal costs obtained in 5, 10, and 15‐unit standard test systems are 32264$, 1394212.615$, and 465373.448$ respectively. The comparison of results shows that the proposed framework surpasses the other methodologies in terms of reduced fuel cost and emissions.
Properties of electrical tree resistance of silicone‐modified epoxy resin matrix composites
Authors: Wang Yongqiang , Ma Tianyu , Zhang Fengxiao , Shang Jing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn order to improve the electrical tree resistance of epoxy resin, composites were prepared using dihydroxydiphenylsilane and a novel silicone modifier modified epoxy resin and micron silica, and the composites were subjected to accelerated thermal aging test and electrical tree test and recorded the growth process of electrical trees to further obtain the characteristic parameters of electrical trees in the experimental samples. The results show that the silicone‐modified epoxy resin/silica composite has better thermal stability and electrical tree resistance than the unmodified epoxy resin/silica composite and pure epoxy resin. Analysis of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and breakdown field strength results show that the introduction of the modifier enhanced interfacial properties between the epoxy resin and silica. At the end of the electrical tree test, the length of the electrical tree in the silicone‐modified epoxy resin/silica composite was at a minimum 25.31% of the length of the electrical tree in the unmodified epoxy resin/silica composite with the same silica filling ratio, and 9.19% of the length of the electrical tree in the pure epoxy, while the electrical trees in the silicone‐modified epoxy resin/silica composite have lower expansion factors, as well as higher fractal dimensions, compared to those in the resin without added silica.
The EDIBLES survey
Authors: Farhang Amin , Smoker Jonathan , Cox Nick L. J. , Cami Jan , Linnartz Harold , van Loon Jacco Th. , Cordiner Martin A. , Sarre Peter J. , Khosroshahi Habib G. , Ehrenfreund Pascale , Foing Bernard H. , Kaper Lex , Laverick Mike 
Published: August 2023

Context. Interstellar absorption observed toward stellar targets changes slowly over long timescales, mainly due to the proper motion of the background target relative to the intervening clouds, such that over time, different parts of the intervening cloud are probed. On longer timescales, the slowly changing physical and chemical conditions in the cloud can also cause variation. Detecting such time variations thus provides an opportunity to study cloud structure.
Aims. We searched for systematic variations in the absorption profiles of the diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) and interstellar atomic and molecular lines by comparing the high-quality data set from the recent ESO diffuse interstellar bands large exploration survey (EDIBLES) to older archival observations, bridging typical timescales of ~10 yr with a maximum timescale of 22 yr.
Methods. For 64 EDIBLES targets, we found adequate archival observations. We selected 31 strong DIBs, seven atomic lines, and five molecular lines to focus our search on. We carefully considered various systematic effects and used a robust Bayesian quantitative test to establish which of these absorption features could display significant variations.
Results. While systematic effects greatly complicate our search, we find evidence for variations in the profiles of the λλ4727 and 5780 DIBs in a few sightlines. Toward HD 167264, we find a new Ca I cloud component that appears and becomes stronger after 2008. The same sightline furthermore displays marginal, but systematic changes in the column densities of the atomic lines originating from the main cloud component in the sightline. Similar variations are seen toward HD 147933.
Conclusions. Our high-quality spectroscopic observations in combination with archival data show that it is possible to probe interstellar time variations on time scales of typically a decade. Despite the fact that systematic uncertainties as well as the generally somewhat lower quality of older data complicate matters, we can conclude that time variations can be made visible, both in atomic lines and DIB profiles for a few targets, but that generally, these features are stable along many lines of sight. We present this study as an archival baseline for future comparisons, bridging longer periods.
Planetesimal formation at the gas pressure bump following a migrating planet
Authors: Shibaike Y. , Alibert Y. 
Published: August 2023

Context. Planetesimal formation is still mysterious. One of the ways to form planetesimals is to invoke a gas pressure bump in a protoplanetary disc. In our previous paper, we proposed a new scenario in which the piled-up dust at a gas pressure bump created by a migrating planet forms planetesimals by streaming instability in a wide region of the disc as the planet migrates inwards.
Aims. In the present work, we consider the global time evolution of dust and investigate the detailed conditions and results of the planetesimal formation in our scenario.
Methods. We used a 1D grid single-sized dust evolution model, which can follow the growth of the particles in terms of their mutual collision and their radial drift and diffusion. We calculated the time-evolution of the radial distribution of the peak mass and surface density of the dust in a gas disc perturbed by an embedded migrating planet and investigated whether or not the dust satisfies the condition for planetesimal formation.
Results. We find that planetesimals form in a belt-like region between the snowline and the position where the planet reaches its pebble-isolation mass when the strength of turbulence is 10−4 ≤ α ≤ 10−3, which is broadly consistent with the observed value of α. Whether the mechanism of the formation is streaming instability or mutual collision depends on the timescale of the streaming instability. The total mass of planetesimals formed in this scenario also depends on α; it is about 30–100 ME if the planetary core already exists at the beginning of the simulation and grows by gas accretion, but decreases as the timing of the formation of the planetary core gets later. We also provide simple approximate expressions for the surface density and total mass of the planetesimals and find that the total planetesimal mass strongly depends on the dust mass.
Conclusions. We show that planetesimals form in a belt-like region by a combination of dust pile-up at the gas pressure bump formed by a planet and its inward migration.
Ernährung bei Rheumatoider Arthritis: Ihr Einfluss auf
Erkrankungsrisiko und Krankheitsverlauf
Authors: Keyßer Gernot , Reuß-Borst Monika 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Art der Ernährung trägt nach den Daten großer
Kohortenstudien als ätiologischer Faktor zur Entstehung einer
rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA) bei. Die Bedeutung einzelner Nahrungskomponenten ist
am besten belegt für den protektiven Effekt von geringen Alkoholmengen
und die risikosteigernde Wirkung eines hohen Konsums an rotem Fleisch. Relativ
gut untersucht ist die Rolle einer Adipositas, die Schweregrad-abhängig
das Erkrankungsrisiko für die RA erhöht. Zusätzlich wird
diskutiert, ob vor allem eine abdominelle Adipositas die Entstehung
entzündlicher Gelenkerkrankungen begünstigt.
Interventionsstudien, welche den Nutzen einzelner Kostformen bei etablierter RA
untersuchen sollten, sind in ihrer Qualität und Aussagekraft
beschränkt. Eine an den Prinzipien der Mittelmeerkost ausgerichtete
Ernährung ist wahrscheinlich von Nutzen für RA-Patienten, auch
wenn die positiven Auswirkungen am ehesten die Reduktion des
kardiovaskulären Risikos betreffen. Es existieren nur wenige valide
Daten zum sinnvollen Einsatz von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln bei
etablierter RA. Einige positive Effekte lassen sich für
Fischölkapseln in ausreichend hoher Dosierung von
Omega-3-Fettsäuren ableiten. Die Zufuhr von Eisenpräparaten und
Vitamin D sollte an objektiven Kriterien und aktuellen Leitlinien ausgerichtet
sein.