bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A body-size-dependent series of Chinese adult standing phantoms for radiation dosimetry
Authors: Luo Xiyu , Qiu Rui , Wu Zhen , Yan Shuchang , Zhang Hui , Li Junli 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Phantoms of different sizes, as indicated by several studies, have a significant impact on the accuracy of dose calculations. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a body-size-dependent series of Chinese standing adult phantoms to improve the accuracy of radiation dosimetry. In this study, the Chinese reference polygon-mesh phantoms

C
R
A
M
_
S

/

C
R
A
F
_
S

have been refined and a method for automatically constructing lymph nodes in a mesh phantom has been proposed. Then, based on the refined phantoms, this study has developed 42 anthropometric standing adult computational phantoms, 21 models for each gender, with a height range of 145–185 cm and weight as a function of body mass index corresponding to healthy, overweight and obese. The parameters were extracted from the National Occupational Health Standards (GBZ) document of the People’s Republic of China, which covers more than 90% of the Chinese population. For a given body height and mass, phantoms are scaled in proportion to a factor reflecting the change of adipose tissue and the internal organs. The remainder is adjusted manually to match the target parameters. In addition, the constructed body-size-specific phantoms have been implemented in the in-house THUDose Monte Carlo code to calculate the dose coefficients (DCs) for external photon exposures in the antero-posterior, postero-anterior and right lateral geometries. The results showed that organ DCs varied significantly with body size at low energies (

<

2

M
e
V

) and high energies (

>

8

M
e
V

) due to the differences in anatomy. Organ DC differences between a phantom of a given size and a reference phantom vary by up to 40% for the same height and up to 400% for the whole phantom. The influence of body size differences on the DCs demonstrates that the body-size-dependent Chinese adult phantoms hold great promise for a wide range of applications in radiation dosimetry.
Tuning of electronic bandgap and electronic transport properties of double perovksites A2NaScI6(A = Rb, Cs) for energy device applications
Authors: Alburaih Huda A , Noor N A , Rashid M , Nazir Sadia , Laref A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Non-toxicity, ecosystem stability, and distinct performance are the reasons to make halide-based perovskites suitable for solar and thermoelectric purposes. This paper studied elastic properties and structural stability of cubic phase double perovskites (DPs) A2NaScI6 (A = Rb, Cs) by Born stability criteria and tolerance factor. Moreover, we comprehensively examine these DPs in terms of elastic, electronic, optical, and transport behavior. The bandgap range 2.80–2.70 eV is discerned in the electronic band structure and contributes to optoelectronic devices. Most of the absorption is observed in the visible region, and bandgap is reduced by interchanging Rb with Cs atom. The dielectric constants and other optical factors are used to reveal the optical properties of A2NaScI6 (A = Rb, Cs). In the last, the thermoelectric characteristics are calculated by employing BoltzTrap code. The calculated value of the figure of merit (ZT) intimates that the analyzed materials are apposite for thermoelectric purposes.
Effect of dusty plasma parameters on the low frequency Hall current instability
Authors: Sarkar Sanjib , Atul Jyoti K , Laishram Modhuchandra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The effect of power-law dust size distribution and dust number density on the low frequency hall current instabilities have been studied in and above the equatorial electrojet altitudes using a linear fluid model consisting of electrons, ions and dust particles. The dispersion relation includes electron and ion drift perpendicular to the equilibrium uniform electric and magnetic field, mass and pressure of the charged species and collision between charged and neutral particles. The effect of dust size variation and dust number density on the instability have been investigated by varying the dust-plasma frequency in the dispersion relation. It has been found that in the region of the electrojet altitudes the variation of dust size for the case of broad dust size distribution and dust number density can substantially increase the growth rate and frequency of the instability. However, above the electrojet region where ions become weakly magnetized, the above two dust parameters have a negligible effect on the instability.The present analysis is applicable to the dusty meteor trail plasma of the ionospheric E-region.
Production of spin coated chromium oxide (CrO3) thin layers and application in the Al/p-Si metal semiconductor structures
Authors: Güllü Ö , Tataroğlu A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A novel Al/CrO3/p-Si structure was built by help the spin coating technique. CrO3 thin layer has been characterized by the XRD, UV–vis, SEM and AFM measurements. It has been observed that the CrO3 layer has amorphous structure with optical band energy value of 3.96 eV. The surface analysis of CrO3 layer by using AFM and SEM methods has been found to be rather rough that is not observed grains of any definite shape or size. Furthermore, some electronic quantities of Al/CrO3/p-Si junction by help the thermionic charge transport mechanism have been extracted by utilizing current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage data. Moreover, it has been seen that interfacial state concentration for the Al/CrO3/p-Si contact varied in the range of 8.05 × 1012 eV−1 cm2 to 6.71 × 1011 eV−1 cm−2 in darkness, and 1.23 × 1013 eV−1 cm−2 to 3.82 × 1012 eV−1 cm−2 under the illumination condition. The photoelectric parameters of the Al/CrO3/p-Si contact under 100 mW cm−2 light illumination was studied by I-V measurement.
Clarifying some common misconceptions about the expansion of the universe
Authors: Re Fiorentin Stefano 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Modern cosmology is based on a 6-parameter model, called Lambda-CDM, which provides an accurate description of the expansion of the Universe on the basis of measured parameters. However, there are attempts to give ‘phenomenological’ descriptions of the dynamics of the Universe that are inconsistent with this model and sometimes lead to misconceptions. They stem from a Newtonian approach that interprets the expansion as due to an ‘initial kick’ that placed all matter and energy in the Universe on ‘inertial trajectories’. These descriptions do not conform to the relativistic approach. Here we show that the Einstein field equations trace the expansion of cosmic space directly to the increase in the energy content of the observable universe caused by the additional space entering it as a consequence of the forward motion of its horizon. We derive here the connection between variations in the scale factor and the corresponding variations in the energy of the observable universe, in the case of the most general cosmological model. We then obtain explicit closed-form expressions of this relationship both in the case of the Universe of any curvature and containing matter and radiation, and in the case of the de Sitter universe, characterized by the cosmological constant only. Some interesting features are pointed out, both in terms of the energy growth rate of the observable universe in the various cosmological models, and in terms of the dynamics of the scale factor. Finally our demonstration is corroborated by an analogy between the expansion of cosmic space and the gravitational stretching of space at the center of a sphere of uniform density whose radius increases with time. This analogy, which allowed us to obtain the novel closed-form expression of the stretching of space at the centre of such a sphere, confirmed that the paradigm that ‘gravity expands space’ is valid in both systems.
Double tangent method for two-periodic Aztec diamonds
Authors: Ruelle Philippe 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We use the octahedron recurrence, which generalizes the quadratic recurrence found by Kuo for standard Aztec diamonds, in order to compute boundary one-refined and two-refined partition functions for two-periodic Aztec diamonds. In a first approach, the geometric tangent method allows to derive the parametric form of the arctic curve, separating the solid and liquid phases. This is done by using the recent reformulation of the tangent method and the one-refined partition functions without extension of the domain. In a second part, we use the two-refined tangent method to rederive the arctic curve from the boundary two-refined partition functions, which we compute exactly on the lattice. The curve satisfies the known algebraic equation of degree 8, of which either tangent method gives an explicit parametrization.
Exact computation of heat capacities for active particles on a graph
Authors: Khodabandehlou Faezeh , Krekels Simon , Maes Irene 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The notion of a nonequilibrium heat capacity is important for bio-energetics and for calorimetry of active materials more generally. It centers around the notion of excess heat or excess work dissipated during a quasistatic relaxation between different nonequilibrium conditions. We give exact results for active random walks moving in an energy landscape on a graph, based on calculations employing the matrix-tree and matrix-forest theorems. That graphical method applies to any Markov jump process under the physical condition of local detailed balance.
Optimization of Water & Heat Management System for Automobile PEMFCs with Fuzzy PID Control
Authors: Jing Xubao , Liu Conghao , Guo Yu , Cai Siyuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In order to solve problems like the decline of energy efficiency of cells, or the large temperature difference in the outlet and inlet of electric piles, which are caused by unstable temperature during the operation of PEM fuel cells, the authors established models in the simulation software—Simcenter AMESim, such as the electric piles of fuel cells, automobiles, drivers, engines, and gas supply, so the performance of fuel cells could be studied. The authors also adopted a Fuzzy PID controller, which was compared to the traditional PID controller in terms of control effects under the operating conditions of the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). The comparison and analysis results reveal that a water & heat management system adopting a Fuzzy PID controller could better adjust the temperature & humidity of cells, keep the temperature difference between the outlet and inlet of electric piles under 3°C, and raise the output voltage by 2.35%. The results of this study can, to some extent, serve as the basis for other studies on PEM fuel cells.
An objective assignment method for siting new energy plants
Authors: Piao Zheyong , Guo Dongwei , Peng Tao , Zhangyang Siqi , Li Xue , Liu Hao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a multi-criteria decision-making method for new energy power station site selection based on a fuzzy comprehensive analysis method. It is applied to make multi-criteria analysis decisions on the target location when selecting the address for building a new energy power station, to ensure the reasonableness of the corresponding weights of each index, and to give reasonable and scientific suggestions for decision-makers to obtain the expected results. We analyze the mechanism of the sequential relationship analysis method and fuzzy inverse entropy weighting method from the perspective of the index assignment method, and combine the two assignment methods by linear weighting, so as to lay the foundation for further construction of a multi-attribute hybrid index system with the coexistence of qualitative and quantitative indexes.
Smart park electricity-carbon coupling measurement technology considering distributed energy access
Authors: Qie Wei , Li Ziming , Wang Bin , Li Da 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With the increasing energy consumption of buildings, how to cooperate and share buildings with a high proportion of distributed energy access has important research significance. Taking the buildings with a high proportion of distributed energy access as the research object, this paper proposes an interactive sharing mechanism for electricity use and carbon emission rights in smart parks. Firstly, a smart park carbon metering and building cluster market trading mode considering carbon emission right surplus and gray power supply and demand is constructed. The electricity carbon metering model of purchasing electricity from the distribution network is constructed. Finally, a new method is proposed based on the improved intelligent building cluster electric carbon coupling sharing model and optimization of electric carbon. The effectiveness and superiority of the smart park electricity carbon coupling measurement technology and the optimization method proposed in this paper are proven through experimental verification.
Modeling Method for Prediction of Primary Frequency Modulation Compensation Capability
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Liu Enren , Shi Shuo , Wang Yuqi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The primary frequency modulation function of thermal power units plays an important role in the frequency stability of the power grid. In order to accurately predict the compensation capacity of primary frequency modulation, this paper introduces a modeling method to predict the compensation ability of primary frequency modulation. In this paper, the network source information platform data is used to collect the historical information of the remote test of primary frequency modulation, and the historical data are selected for fitting according to the principle of the closest working condition of the unit, so as to predict the 1-minute compensation ability of the primary frequency modulation of a single generator set. The function has been put into operation on the network source information platform, and the prediction results are verified by the remote test results during the provincial adjustment period. It shows that the error between the prediction results and the actual results is small, and the load changes within 1 min can be expressed more accurately.
Experimental study on flow and heat transfer performance of condensing gas-fired boiler
Authors: Cao Weixue , Wei Fan , Liu Fengguo , Li Jun , Sun Bo , Zhao Lei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the process of energy utilization, a large amount of heat transfer needs to be realized through the heat exchange process. Therefore, the development of efficient enhanced heat exchange technology has important theoretical and application value for realizing the efficient utilization of energy and reducing pollutant emissions. Condensing heat exchanger is the core component of condensing water heater. Firstly, this paper analyses the development trend of condensing heat exchanger at home and abroad, and studies the heat exchange, pollutant emission and structural optimization design of condensing heat exchanger by using the gas water heater test-bed. Using the field synergy theory, the flow channel and fin structure of the heat exchanger are optimized. The series flow channel on the water side of the heat exchanger is optimized as the structure of first parallel and then series flow, so that the heat transfer capacity of the water side of the heat exchanger can be increased by 5.6% at the maximum, the reduction of NOx emission concentration is relatively less than 6.7%.
Power and Electricity Balance Analysis Method Based on the Full Sequence Production Simulation Method
Authors: Xin Ma 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” has accelerated the pace of China’s energy transformation and power grid upgrading. During the 14th Five Year Plan period, the characteristics of the high proportion of new energy and multi-DC transmission in the power system have become increasingly prominent, and the ‘double peak’ load characteristics have gradually emerged. The power grid is facing the challenges of power shortage and new energy obstruction in some periods. Therefore, considering the growth of power installed capacity and load level, according to the power balance and the new energy consumption of the provincial power transmission network, the full sequence production simulation method is used to analyze the power and electricity balance of the whole network considering the energy storage device and demand side response to provide support for the provincial power transmission network planning during the 14th Five Year Plan period.
SDR-based General Simulation System for Power Internet of Things
Authors: Zhong Han , Suo Siliang , Chen Liming , Kuang Xiaoyun , Huang Kaitian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With the continuous construction and improvement of the digital power grid, the communication technology of the Power Internet of Things (PIoT) presents a trend of diversification. In order to work out the difficult problem of communication simulation tests in the PIoT, this paper proposes a simulation system based on SDR. The system not only combines the programmability of software simulation but also retains the hardware part of communication technology so that it can meet the simulation test needs of different communication technologies. Finally, according to the simulation requirements of China Southern Power Grid’s wireless communication technology, we built a simulation environment based on USRP and implemented experimental simulation examples using LoRa and MQTT. In this system, we have realized the access and support of varieties of wireless communication technologies and protocols, which can well meet the simulation needs of various wireless communication technologies of China Southern Power Grid.
Abnormal Diagnosis Method of Line Loss Rate in Low-voltage Station Area Based on Data-driven
Authors: Wang Dong , Tang Xiaobo , Han Xiao , Yu Jiao , Shi Ze , Zhao Yu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the conventional method of line loss rate anomaly diagnosis, there is an excellent correlation between the data of low-voltage stations and the line loss anomalies diagnosed overlap, which leads to a decrease in the accuracy of anomaly diagnosis. Therefore, a data-driven diagnosis method for abnormal line loss rate in low-voltage substation areas is designed. The main component characteristics of line loss data in low-voltage station areas are extracted, redundant data with overlapping partitions are processed, and then the abnormal diagnosis model of line loss rate is constructed using data-driven technology and a closed-loop low-voltage intelligent operation analysis platform. The reasonable interval of line loss in the low-voltage station area is analyzed to realize the accurate diagnosis of line loss rate abnormality in the low-voltage station area. In contrast, it is verified that the diagnostic accuracy of this method is higher and has a higher practical value.
Design and Implementation of a vibration monitor protecting the cable from external destruction
Authors: Hu Ran , Ma Nan , Shang Longlong , Jiang Rufeng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Underground cable is one of the main components of urban power supply systems. However, it is often damaged by large machinery in the process of urban road construction. To protect the underground cable, this paper proposes a novel design of a smart vibration device based on a complex embedded system, including the STM32 control chip, vibration sensors, NB-IoT communication module, and charging module. Through vibration signal detection of the excavator and other large-scale mechanical behavior, the vibration device can indicate the direction where the damage is occurring, and send out a warning message to the operation center. Finally, some experiments for vibration monitoring devices are conducted to verify their effectiveness and future application potential prospects.
Identification of Pulse Discharge Parameters in Water for Reservoir Resonance Transform Device
Authors: Kang Zhongjian , Shao Zaikang , Gao Chong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe reservoir resonance transform device is applied to unconventional shale gas stimulation. To achieve the purpose of resonance stimulation, the discharge frequency is dynamically corresponding to the natural frequency of the reservoir. However, the discharge parameters under the same conditions differ in the resonance process. It is hard to analyze the real-time change of reservoir frequency precisely. Therefore, the identification of pulse discharge parameters in water is extremely important. In this paper, an equivalent circuit model of pulse discharge in water is established to analyze the time-varying resistance. The Kalman filter makes the discrete resistance data continuous and reduces the interference caused by the random discharge. Meanwhile, the data error analysis is carried out. The results show that the variance of pulse discharge resistance in water based on the Kalman filter is less than 0.528 compared with the experiment value, so the identified resistance obtained by this method can be used in the study of resonant discharge in the same frequency.
Application of 3D Design of Overhead Transmission Line Based on Laser Point Cloud Technology
Authors: Tao Hanxun , Su Le , Kang Weiwei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The overhead transmission line is characterized by its high quantity, widespread, and complicated spot. Besides, it is easily influenced by external factors such as climate, geographical and social environment. In order to eliminate the influences above as much as possible, three-dimensional digital design is carried out in the design stage of the transmission line. Furthermore, the data collected by laser-point cloud technology, which can provide more accurate information, can be used to model geographic information rapidly and accurately, such as cross-over objects and digital elevation models. After that, based on the geographic information model imported into the 3D design platform, the ontology model of the overhead line can be completed. The overhead line model, like that, is able to be used for route optimization, check of the important cross, electric, and collision, as well as statistics on the cleaning of transmission line corridors. Compared with ordinary measurement data, laser point cloud technology can improve the design efficiency of overhead transmission line engineering, reduce design changes, and improve quality.