bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Picture Segmentation using changing Artifacts Identification and Bias Modification
Authors: Sakimalla Girija , Chilukuri Pranathi , Jamuna Anusha , oruganti pranavasri , bedadha nithesh 
Published: April 2023

<p> Picture segmentation is a crucial task in computer vision that involves dividing an image into multiple regions or segments based on various criteria, such as color, texture, or edge characteristics. Changing artifacts identification involves identifying and removing artifacts that are present in the image and affecting the accuracy of segmentation. Artifacts can be caused by various factors, such as noise, lighting conditions, or image compression. Identifying and removing these artifacts can improve the accuracy of segmentation algorithms. Bias modification involves adjusting the biases present in segmentation algorithms to improve their accuracy. These biases can lead to errors in segmentation, such as over-segmentation or under-segmentation. Bias modification can involve adjusting the algorithm's parameters or using different training data to improve its performance. The use of changing artifacts identification and bias modification can significantly improve the accuracy of picture segmentation. By identifying and removing artifacts and adjusting biases, segmentation algorithms can more accurately identify and classify objects in an image, leading to better object detection and classification. This model is expected to be useful for damaged images and applications where artifacts and bias are actual features of interest, such as lesion detection(problem within medical imaging analysis) and bias field correction in medical imaging, e.g., Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). </p>
150 GHz High-Power Photodiode by Flip-Chip Bonding
Authors: Xie XIAOJUN 
Published: April 2023

<p>We report high-power modified uni-traveling carrier photodiodes with 150-GHz bandwidth. To improve the RF output power, the photodiode chips are flip-chip bonded on diamond submounts with high thermal conductivity to enhance heat dissipation. Measured 3-dB bandwidths of 4-μm, 6-μm, 8-μm, and 10-μm diameter photodiodes reach 150 GHz, 129 GHz, 117 GHz, and 105 GHz, respectively. RF output power with 12.7 dBm at 90 GHz, 11.3 dBm at 100 GHz, 8.5 dBm at 110 GHz, -3 dBm at 150GHz, and -5.7 dBm at 165GHz are achieved. </p>
SOURCES OF COMMERCIAL AND POLITICAL INFORMATION MINISTRY OF FINANCE OF TSARIST RUSSIA (THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY.)
Authors: Костриков Станислаюв Сергеевич , Костриков Сергей Петрович 
Published: April 2023

Рассмотрены донесения консульских служб российского МИД и агентов Министерства финансов, сообщавших важные коммерческие сведения, данные о состоянии торговых отношений между странами, о политических событиях и пр., которые руководство имперского Министерства финансов публиковало в своих изданиях для ознакомления с актуальной экономической и политической информацией заинтересованных отечественных предпринимателей.
The reports of the consular services of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which reported important commercial information, data on the state of trade relations between countries, political events, etc., which the leadership of the Imperial Ministry of Finance published in their publications to familiarize themselves with relevant economic and political information of interested domestic entrepreneurs, are considered.
An item response theory analysis of the matrix reasoning item bank (MaRs-IB)
Authors: Zorowitz Samuel , Chierchia Gabriele , Blakemore Sarah-Jayne , Daw Nathaniel D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMatrix reasoning tasks are among the most widely used measures of cognitive ability in the behavioral sciences, but the lack of matrix reasoning tests in the public domain complicates their use. Here, we present an extensive investigation and psychometric validation of the matrix reasoning item bank (MaRs-IB), an open-access set of matrix reasoning items. In a first study, we calibrate the psychometric functioning of the items in the MaRs-IB in a large sample of adult participants (N = 1501). Using additive multilevel item structure models, we establish that the MaRs-IB has many desirable psychometric properties: its items span a wide range of difficulty, possess medium-to-large levels of discrimination, and exhibit robust associations between item complexity and difficulty. However, we also find that item clones are not always psychometrically equivalent and cannot be assumed to be exchangeable. In a second study, we demonstrate how experimenters can use the estimated item parameters to design new matrix reasoning tests using optimal item assembly. Specifically, we design and validate two new sets of test forms in an independent sample of adults (N = 600). We find these new tests possess good reliability and convergent validity with an established measure of matrix reasoning. We hope that the materials and results made available here will encourage experimenters to use the MaRs-IB in their research.
Pelatihan Metode Statistika Untuk Ptk Bagi Guru-Guru SMP Negeri di Lingkungan Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Prastuti Mike , Pingit Wulandari Sri , Aridinanti Lucia , Mumpuni Retnaningsih Sri , Wibowo Wahyu , Dewi Ratih Iis , Wildani Zakiatul 
Published: April 2023

Pendidikan adalah salah satu dari 17 target Pembangunan Berkelanjutan. Isu strategis terkait pendidikan adalah masih rendahnya kualitas Pendidikan di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor yang menjadi penyebab kualitas pendidikan rendah adalah kurangnya penelitian mengenai proses pembelajaran di tingkat sekolah dasar dan menengah. Salah satu bentuk penelitian yang dapat dilakukan oleh guru adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). PTK adalah penelitian praktis yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki metode pembelajaran di kelas sehingga guru dapat menemukan metode pembelajaran yang paling tepat bagi karakter siswa yang berubah dari waktu ke waktu. Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat bertujuan untuk membekali guru-guru SMP negeri Kab. Gresik, agar mampu menganalisis data dalam PTK dengan menggunakan metode Statistika, dalam bentuk pelatihan. Dari pelatihan ini diharapkan guru mampu menerapkan metode Statistika yang sesuai dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam PTK. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah Pelatihan Metode Statistika Untuk PTK bagi Guru SMPN Kab. Gresik adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan peserta mengenai metode statistika berdasarkan hasil kenaikan nilai pre-test dan post-test peserta dengan materi penelitian Tindakan kelas, penyajian data deskriptif, pengujian hipotesis satu populasi, pengujian hipotesis dua populasi serta korelasi dan regresi sebanyak 12 guru.
Örgütsel Bağlılığa Etki Eden Bireysel Faktörlerin Sağlık Çalışanları Üzerinden İncelenmesi
Authors: AYDIN Sema , ALACAHAN Osman 
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 sürecinde ön saflarda çalışan sağlık personelinin işlevsel bir hizmet verebilmeleri için fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlıklarının korunmasıyla gerekli koruyucu ve destekleyici önlemlerin alınması büyük önem arz etmektedir. Örgüt ve bireyin faaliyetlerinde hedefledikleri sonuca ulaşmalarında önemli değişkenlerden biri de insan faktörüdür. Çalışanın sahip olduğu bireysel özellikleri çalışma hayatında öncelenen konuların başında gelmektedir. Bireysel özelliklerin çalışma hayatında yansımalarından biri de örgütsel bağlılıktır. Bireyin örgüte bağlılık düzeyi hem onun psiko-sosyal yaşamı için hem de örgütsel faaliyetlerin sürdürülmesi noktasında önemli sonuçlar üretmektedir. Bireyin örgüte bağlılığı, onun performansını ve örgütün verimliliğini doğrudan etkileyen bir unsurdur. Bireyin örgüte bağlılığı yükseldikçe, performansı, iş tatmini ve verimliliği artmaktadır. Örgütsel bağlılığı düşük düzeyde olan bir çalışanın çalışma alanında daha az çaba sarf edeceği tahmin edilebilir. Çalışanın örgütsel bağlılığının yüksek olması durumunda örgütün mal ve hizmet üretmekteki amacına daha az maliyetle ulaşacağı tahmin edilebilir.
Çalışmanın amacı birey için olduğu kadar örgütler için de risk ve tehlikeler içeren COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde örgütsel bağlılık düzeyinin bireysel değişkenlerin etkisiyle ne yönde değiştiğini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla bireysel değişkenler ile örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Çalışmaya veri sağlamak üzere yapılan anket çalışmasının evren örneklemini, Sivas Merkez İlçede görev yapan 346 sağlık personelinden oluşturmaktadır.
Sonuç olarak bireysel değişkenler ile örgütsel bağlılığın tüm boyutları arasında anlamlı ve olumlu yönde bir ilişki belirlenmiştir. Çalışlardan erkeklerin, 18-25 yaş aralığında olanların, Bekârların, Lisansüstü eğitime sahip olanların, 21-25 yıl kıdemi olanların örgütsel bağlılıkları diğerlerine göre yüksek bulunmuştur. Öte yandan çalışanların aşırı iş yük altında kalmaları ile örgütsel bağlılıkları arasında negatif bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur.
Magnetic Misalignment of Interstellar Dust Filaments
Authors: Cukierman Ari J. , Clark S. E. , Halal George 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present evidence for scale-independent misalignment of interstellar dust filaments and magnetic fields. We estimate the misalignment by comparing millimeter-wave dust-polarization measurements from Planck with filamentary structures identified in neutral-hydrogen (H i) measurements from Hi4PI. We find that the misalignment angle displays a scale independence (harmonic coherence) for features larger than the Hi4PI beamwidth (16.′2). We additionally find a spatial coherence on angular scales of


(
1
°
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. We present several misalignment estimators formed from the auto- and cross-spectra of dust-polarization and H i-based maps, and we also introduce a map-space estimator. Applied to large regions of the high-Galactic-latitude sky, we find a global misalignment angle of ∼2°, which is robust to a variety of masking choices. By dividing the sky into small regions, we show that the misalignment angle correlates with the parity-violating TB cross-spectrum measured in the Planck dust maps. The misalignment paradigm also predicts a dust EB signal, which is of relevance in the search for cosmic birefringence but as yet undetected; the measurements of EB are noisier than those of TB, and our correlations of EB with misalignment angle are found to be weaker and less robust to masking choices. We also introduce an H i-based dust-polarization template constructed from the Hessian matrix of the H i intensity, which is found to correlate more strongly than previous templates with Planck dust B modes.
Implications of Different Solar Photospheric Flux-transport Models for Global Coronal and Heliospheric Modeling
Authors: Barnes Graham , DeRosa Marc L. , Jones Shaela I. , Arge Charles N. , Henney Carl J. , Cheung Mark C. M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The concept of surface-flux transport (SFT) is commonly used in evolving models of the large-scale solar surface magnetic field. These photospheric models are used to determine the large-scale structure of the overlying coronal magnetic field, as well as to make predictions about the fields and flows that structure the solar wind. We compare predictions from two SFT models for the solar wind, open magnetic field footpoints, and the presence of coronal magnetic null points throughout various phases of a solar activity cycle, focusing on the months of April in even-numbered years between 2012 and 2020, inclusively. We find that there is a solar-cycle dependence to each of the metrics considered, but there is not a single phase of the cycle in which all the metrics indicate good agreement between the models. The metrics also reveal large, transient differences between the models when a new active region is rotating into the assimilation window. The evolution of the surface flux is governed by a combination of large-scale flows and comparatively small-scale motions associated with convection. Because the latter flows evolve rapidly, there are intervals during which their impact on the surface flux can only be characterized in a statistical sense, thus their impact is modeled by introducing a random evolution that reproduces the typical surface flux evolution. We find that the differences between the predicted properties are dominated by differences in the model assumptions and implementation, rather than the selection of a particular realization of the random evolution.
Stellar Escape from Globular Clusters. I. Escape Mechanisms and Properties at Ejection
Authors: Weatherford Newlin C. , Kıroğlu Fulya , Fragione Giacomo , Chatterjee Sourav , Kremer Kyle , Rasio Frederic A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The theory of stellar escape from globular clusters (GCs) dates back nearly a century, especially the gradual evaporation of GCs via two-body relaxation coupled with external tides. More violent ejection can also occur via strong gravitational scattering, supernovae, gravitational wave-driven mergers, tidal disruption events, and physical collisions, but comprehensive study of the many escape mechanisms has been limited. Recent exquisite kinematic data from the Gaia space telescope has revealed numerous stellar streams in the Milky Way (MW) and traced the origin of many to specific MWGCs, highlighting the need for further examination of stellar escape from these clusters. In this study, the first of a series, we lay the groundwork for detailed follow-up comparisons between Cluster Monte Carlo GC models and the latest Gaia data on the outskirts of MWGCs, their tidal tails, and associated streams. We thoroughly review escape mechanisms from GCs and examine their relative contributions to the escape rate, ejection velocities, and escaper demographics. We show for the first time that three-body binary formation may dominate high-speed ejection from typical MWGCs, potentially explaining some of the hypervelocity stars in the MW. Due to their mass, black holes strongly catalyze this process, and their loss at the onset of observable core collapse, characterized by a steep central brightness profile, dramatically curtails three-body binary formation, despite the increased post-collapse density. We also demonstrate that even when born from a thermal eccentricity distribution, escaping binaries have significantly nonthermal eccentricities consistent with the roughly uniform distribution observed in the Galactic field.
Quantification of High-dimensional Non-Gaussianities and Its Implication to Fisher Analysis in Cosmology
Authors: Park Core Francisco , Allys Erwan , Villaescusa-Navarro Francisco , Finkbeiner Douglas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
It is well known that the power spectrum is not able to fully characterize the statistical properties of non-Gaussian density fields. Recently, many different statistics have been proposed to extract information from non-Gaussian cosmological fields that perform better than the power spectrum. The Fisher matrix formalism is commonly used to quantify the accuracy with which a given statistic can constrain the value of the cosmological parameters. However, these calculations typically rely on the assumption that the sampling distribution of the considered statistic follows a multivariate Gaussian distribution. In this work, we follow Sellentin & Heavens and use two different statistical tests to identify non-Gaussianities in different statistics such as the power spectrum, bispectrum, marked power spectrum, and wavelet scattering transform (WST). We remove the non-Gaussian components of the different statistics and perform Fisher matrix calculations with the Gaussianized statistics using Quijote simulations. We show that constraints on the parameters can change by a factor of ∼2 in some cases. We show with simple examples how statistics that do not follow a multivariate Gaussian distribution can achieve artificially tight bounds on the cosmological parameters when using the Fisher matrix formalism. We think that the non-Gaussian tests used in this work represent a powerful tool to quantify the robustness of Fisher matrix calculations and their underlying assumptions. We release the code used to compute the power spectra, bispectra, and WST that can be run on both CPUs and GPUs.
Quasi-elastodynamic Processes Involved in the Interaction between Solar Wind and Magnetosphere
Authors: Gu Y. X. , Wang Y. , Wei F. S. , Feng X. S. , Song X. J. , Wang B. Y. , Zuo P. B. , Jiang C. W. , Xu X. J. , Zhou Z. L. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere is one of the most important research subjects in the fields of astrophysics and space physics. For more than half a century, based on the pressure balance assumption between the solar wind and the magnetosphere and considering other important factors, such as the interplanetary magnetic field and magnetic reconnection process, the dynamic processes at the magnetopause have been extensively analyzed. However, the responses of magnetopause to the solar wind dynamic pressure variations are still complicated to understand. Here, we show that the interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere can be regarded as a quasi-elastodynamic process. The driving frequency of the solar wind is determined as a crucial reason for the phase difference between solar wind dynamic pressure variations and magnetopause standoff distance. The low-pass filter effect and oscillation properties of the magnetopause can also be well explained by the forced damped vibrations. Moreover, the quasi-elastodynamic processes predict deformations at the magnetopause, which resemble the magnetopause surface wave. Finally, a three-dimensional time-dependent magnetopause model is constructed and verified by observation. Based on 12,242 magnetopause crossing events, it is found that the new model reveals ∼9.7% better prediction accuracy than the widely used time-independent model. These results can also shed light on our understanding of the solar-wind–magnetopause interaction for other planets.
Evolution of Magnetic Field Fluctuations and Their Spectral Properties within the Heliosphere: Statistical Approach
Authors: Šafránková Jana , Němeček Zdeněk , Němec František , Verscharen Daniel , Horbury Timothy S. , Bale Stuart D. , Přech Lubomír 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present the first comprehensive statistical study of the evolution of compressive and noncompressive magnetic field fluctuations in the inner heliosphere. Based on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and Solar Orbiter data at various distances from the Sun, we show the general trends and compare them with Wind observations near 1 au. The paper analyzes solar wind power spectra of magnetic field fluctuations in the inertial and kinetic ranges of frequencies. We find a systematic steepening of the spectrum in the inertial range with the spectral index of around −3/2 at closest approach to the Sun toward −5/3 at larger distances (above 0.4 au), the spectrum of the field component perpendicular to the background field being steeper at all distances. In the kinetic range, the spectral indices increase with distance from −4.8 at closest PSP approach to ≈−3 at 0.4 au and this value remains approximately constant toward 1 au. We show that the radial profiles of spectral slopes, fluctuation amplitudes, spectral breaks, and their mutual relations undergo rapid changes near 0.4 au.
Detection of Dust in High-velocity Cloud Complex C–Enriched Gas Accreting onto the Milky Way
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Authors: Fox Andrew J. , Cashman Frances H. , Kriss Gerard A. , de Rosa Gisella , Plesha Rachel , Homayouni Yasaman , Richter Philipp 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present the detection of dust depletion in Complex C, a massive, infalling, low-metallicity high-velocity cloud in the northern Galactic hemisphere that traces the ongoing accretion of gas onto the Milky Way. We analyze a very high signal-to-noise Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph spectrum of active galactic nucleus (AGN) Mrk 817 formed by coadding 165 individual exposures taken under the AGN STORM 2 program, allowing us to determine dust-depletion patterns in Complex C at unprecedented precision. By fitting Voigt components to the O i, S ii, N i, Si ii, Fe ii, and Al ii absorption and applying ionization corrections from customized Cloudy photoionization models, we find subsolar elemental abundance ratios of [Fe/S] = −0.42 ± 0.08, [Si/S] = −0.29 ± 0.05, and [Al/S] = −0.53 ± 0.08. These ratios indicate the depletion of Fe, Si, and Al into dust grains, since S is mostly undepleted. The detection of dust provides an important constraint on the origin of Complex C, as dust grains indicate the gas has been processed through galaxies, rather than being purely extragalactic. We also derive a low metallicity of Complex C of [S/H] = −0.51 ± 0.16 (≈31% solar), confirming earlier results from this sight line. We discuss origin models that could explain the presence of dust in Complex C, including Galactic fountain models, tidal stripping from the Magellanic Clouds or other satellite galaxies, and precipitation of coronal gas onto dust-bearing “seed” clouds.
L’expérience migratoire des mineurs non accompagnés : quelques gilets de sauvetage subjectifs dans un dispositif clinique
Authors: Persico Angelo 
Published: April 2023

Cet article relate l’expérience de terrain d’un psychologue clinicien auprès d’une association dédiée à l’accompagnement des mineurs non accompagnés ( mna ). À travers les rencontres cliniques avec K, A et B, trois jeunes pris en charge par l’association, l’auteur nous fait part de leurs souffrances psychiques et de leurs difficultés de subjectivation à l’égard d’expériences à fort potentiel traumatique. Regagner leur capacité de ressentir, de réfléchir, d’associer et d’exprimer ce type de vécu a été le défi de ces rencontres. L’utilisation de la propre capacité réflexive du psychologue a été discutée. Les notions de « neutralité » et « altérité » ont été abordées, et une hypothèse alternative sur le phénomène d’appauvrissement de la capacité de subjectivation a été proposée.
Errance à l’adolescence et recherche d’un lieu
Authors: Douville Olivier 
Published: April 2023

Dans et par l’errance, se produit une attaque du lieu. Il ne suffit point pour autant de poser les choses avec une telle rudesse. Le pari est de considérer que l’errance est mue par une quête souvent impuissante, il est vrai. Prenons donc à rebours la définition ordinaire de l’errance, qui la réduit à un saut de l’inconnu au connu, du familier vers l’étranger, du lieu au « non-lieu ».
De l’ordinaire au quotidien
Authors: Laugier Sandra 
Published: April 2023

Ludwig Wittgenstein parle de « reconduire les mots de leur usage métaphysique à leur usage quotidien ». Mais quel est cet usage quotidien ? J’examine ici d’abord la difficulté à déterminer quel est cet usage ordinaire, et à quel point il nous échappe, est perdu. C’est cette indétermination même qui fait du langage ordinaire le point d’origine du concept de l’ordinaire, tel que Stanley Cavell l’a développé, s’inspirant notamment de la pensée de R. W. Emerson. L’article propose ensuite d’interroger la différence entre l’ordinaire, concept central de la « philosophie du langage ordinaire », ancré dans l’usage du langage et la notion de forme de vie, et le quotidien comme thème commun à l’esthétique et à l’anthropologie.
Habiter (à) l’hôpital
Authors: de La Soudière Martin 
Published: April 2023

Partant d’une expérience personnelle et d’une analyse de l’expérience hospitalière et de la manière dont elle fonctionne au quotidien, je propose une analyse ethnographique de l’isolement, des modes de rétention et du contrôle des patients dans un hôpital psychiatrique à Paris. Le corps y est souvent sollicité et contraint, mais de petits espaces de vie et de détente existent néanmoins (cf. le grand jardin, la salle de télévision, les zones de soins, des chambres avec des fenêtres à moitié fermées par des chaînes, etc.). Les patients sont surveillés en permanence et testent leur degré de liberté. In fine , je me demanderai comment et pourquoi ils sont prêts à accepter – et peut-être attendent – ces modes de contrainte.