bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of health hazard due to fluoride in groundwater from a rural area in east‐coast of India and remedial measures
Authors: Das Utsav , Das Rosalin , Hota Soumya Ranjan , Hota Rabindra Nath 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe present research deals with the quantification of health hazard in a fluorosis prone area from east‐coast of India. The average health hazard quotients are 2.09, 2.42, 1.79, and 1.69 for infants, children, male, and female adults, respectively. These values are more than the tolerance limit (1) in 92% groundwater samples and 96% of the study area. The children are more vulnerable to fluorosis than infants and adults. Ca2+/ Na+ versus HCO3−/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ versus Mg2+/Na+ plots suggest silicate weathering as the prime factor while linear relationship of TDS versus NO3− + (Cl−/HCO3−) supports the anthropogenic input of F− to the aquifer system. The study suggests that the F− ions are chiefly derived from fluorite, apatite, biotite, and hornblende present in the granitic basement under alkaline environment. The secondary sources are domestic and industrial sewage as well as return flow from irrigation with ingredients of phosphate fertilizers. The adverse effects of fluorosis can be minimized by mass awareness programmes, alternative source of potable drinking water, defluoridation techniques, dilution of high F− concentration in groundwater, and minimizing the use of phosphate fertilizers.
Quantification, characteristics, and distribution of microplastics released from waste burning furnaces and their associated health impacts
Authors: Aini Sofi Azilan , Syafiuddin Achmad , Kueh Ahmad Beng Hong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough investigation of microplastics (MPs) present in air environment has been intensively carried out, quantification, characteristics, and distribution of MPs released from the waste burning furnace (WBF) has been missing in literature. The aim of this study was to characterize the presence of MPs released from WBFs and analyze their associated health impacts. The examined locations were at two WBFs (nominated as TPS1 and TPS2) in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. MPs were collected using a 9 cm diameter glass beaker for a period of 8 h at two different sampling points, which are 3 and 15 m from each WBF. Several characteristics of MPs in terms of the number of particles, size, shape, color, and polymer type were comprehensively characterized. This study found that the obtained MPs were of fiber type and in the range of 46–77 and 41–59 particles at TPS1 and TPS2, respectively. In general, the polymer types of MPs were, respectively, cellophane and polytetrafluoroethylene at TPS1 and TPS2. Moreover, it was estimated that about 1.9–2.3 MPs can enter the human body via inhalation. This study offers a pilot examination of MPs released from WBF and findings from this study are crucial to provide new knowledge as a basis to carefully regulate the use of WBF particularly that are located closely to local community.
BoHV‐1 affects abortion and progesterone in dairy cows Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV‐1) seropositivity, progesterone levels and embryo loss of 30‐day‐old pregnant dairy cows in Zagros Industrial Dairy Farm in Shahrekord: Examination and analysis
Authors: Khaneabad Amirhosein , Taktaz Taghi , Goodarzi Sajad , Momtaz Hassan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundBovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV‐1) is a serious disease with severe negative economic effects on the global cattle sector, especially in Iran.ObjectiveThis cross‐sectional study was carried out to examine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of BoHV‐1 infection with progesterone levels and embryo death in 30‐day pregnant dairy cattle at Zagros Industrial Dairy Farm in Shahrekord, Iran.MethodsBetween December 2017 to February 2018, blood samples were obtained from 60 dairy cow herds. To determine whether BoHV‐1 was present, serum samples were examined using the ELISA for serum antibodies. To find progesterone (P4) in blood, the progesterone ELISA test was used.Results96.7 % of sera tested positive for BoHV‐1 antibodies, according to the findings. Additionally, 60.34 % of blood samples that tested positive had an experience of abortion and significantly more inseminations that resulted in pregnancy, consistent with findings from other studies conducted in Iran and other nations.ConclusionsSince this study is the first to document the risk factor for BoHV‐1 infection in Shahrekord, Iran, we could infer that the virus is extensively dispersed in this area.
The first attempt of assessing the population status of large predators and their prey in an unexplored central Indian Protected Area
Authors: Basak Krishnendu , Suraj M. , Ahmed Moiz , Kumar Ujjwal , Bhattacharjee Subhadeep 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe assessed population status of large predators and their prey in the Udanti Sitanadi Tiger Reserve (USTR), an almost unexplored Protected Area (PA) in Chhattisgarh State, Central India. Our total effort of 976 km walked on 108 spatially replicated line transects yielded low densities for wild ungulates (8.46 ± 2.1 SE individuals/km2) compared to other PAs in this region. Camera trap surveys with total effort of 3004 trap nights generated 37 photo‐captures of only two individual tigers, while population and densities for leopards (22.03 ± 0.19 SE individuals and 1.56 ± 0.36 SE/100 km2) and striped hyenas (18.18 ± 0.45 SE individuals and 1.69 ± 0.43 SE/100 km2), were quite low too. Predators and prey in USTR demonstrated temporal avoidance of human presence, which could be linked to anthropogenic intrusions across the reserve. Therefore, simultaneous implementations of alternate livelihood‐based strategies and voluntary village rehabilitations along with efficient legal enforcements are urgently needed to mitigate such a critical conservation crisis in USTR.
Wahrgenommene Auswirkungen der Coronapandemie auf die Lebenssituation älterer Menschen
Authors: Hansen Sylvia , Schäfer Nicole , Kaspar Roman 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungZwischen November 2020 und April 2021 wurde im Rahmen der bundesweiten Studie „Hohes Alter in Deutschland“ eine schriftliche Befragung von mehr als 10.000 Personen ab 80 Jahren zu deren Lebenssituation und Lebensqualität durchgeführt. Die Befragung erfolgte damit unter dem Eindruck der zweiten und dritten Welle der Coronapandemie. Dieser erste Kurzbericht aus der deutschlandweiten Repräsentativbefragung stellt dar, welche Veränderungen sehr alte Menschen im Zusammenhang mit der Pandemie in verschiedenen Lebensbereichen erfahren haben und wie sie diese Veränderungen bewerten.
Beyond Watson-Crick: The Next 40 Years of Semantomorphic Science
Authors: Vecchioni Simon , Sha Ruojie , Ohayon Yoel P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIt should come as no surprise that the world of DNA nanotechnology is still learning how to fully master the different steps of the self-assembly process. Semantomorphic science, as the late Ned Seeman would describe DNA nanotechnology, relies on the programmability of nucleic acids (semanto-) to encourage short oligomers to put themselves together (-morphic) into designed architectures (science?). In the same way that Gibson assembly frustrates the molecular biologist, semantomorphic self-assembly has for decades, and continues to, defy the scientist in question. In a brief analogy, Gibson assembly can be thought of as enzymatically directed self-assembly [1] that follows the same general rules as Seeman assembly: (1) guess conditions; (2) set up reaction; (3) pray to entity of choice; (4) check result; and (5) repeat as needed. In other words, when it works, it works well; when it doesn’t, troubleshooting the sticky-ended cohesion between too-large or too-small building blocks with imperfect assays can take months. Returning to semantomorphic science, it is still mesmerizing that any of this works at all, and for that, we owe our deepest gratitude to Ned and his generations-spanning vision.
From Molecules to Mathematics
Authors: Ellis-Monaghan Joanna , Jonoska Nataša 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo celebrate the 40th anniversary of bottom-up DNA nanotechnology we highlight the interaction of the field with mathematics. DNA self-assembly as a method to construct nanostructures gave impetus to an emerging branch of mathematics, called here ‘DNA mathematics’. DNA mathematics models and analyzes structures obtained as bottom-up assembly, as well as the process of self-assembly. Here we survey some of the new tools from DNA mathematics that can help advance the science of DNA self-assembly. The theory needed to develop these tools is now driving the field of mathematics in new and exciting directions. We describe some of these rich questions, focusing particularly on those related to knot theory, graph theory, and algebra.
DNA Nanotechnology Research in Japan
Authors: Murata Satoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this essay, the evolution of DNA nanotechnology research in Japan to date will be reviewed. The expansion of the research community in Japan and the trends in regard to the selection of project themes will be elucidated, along with the identification of the researchers who participated in these projects. Some aspects of the research history of the author, who entered from the field of robotics, are introduced, as this information may be of interest to young students and researchers.
Reminiscences from the Trenches: The Early Years of DNA Nanotech
Authors: LaBean Thomas H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResearch toward the use of nucleic acids as a medium in which to encode non-biological information or as a structural material with which to build novel constructs has now been going on for 40 years. I have been participating in this field for approximately 24 years. I will use my space within this dedicated volume to relate some of my personal experiences and observations throughout my own DNA nanotech journey.
Neutrino masses and self-interacting dark matter with mass mixing Z − Z′ gauge portal
Authors: de la Vega Leon M. G. , Peinado Eduardo , Wudka José 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
New light gauge bosons can affect several low-energy experiments, such as atomic parity violation or colliders. Here, we explore the possibility that a dark sector is charged under a new U(1) gauge symmetry, and the portal to the Standard Model is through a Z − Z′ mass mixing. In our approach, breaking the new gauge symmetry is crucial to generate neutrino masses. We investigate the parameter space to reproduce neutrino masses, the correct dark matter relic abundance, and to produce the observed core-like DM distribution in galactic centers.
Field theories on ρ-deformed Minkowski space-time
Authors: Hersent Kilian , Wallet Jean-Christophe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We study one-loop perturbative properties of scalar field theories on the ρ-Minkowski space. The corresponding star-product, together with the involution are characterized from a combination of Weyl quantization and defining properties of the convolution algebra of the Euclidean group linked to the coordinate algebra of the ρ-Minkowski space. The natural integration measure linked to the Haar measure of the Euclidean group defines a trace for the star-product. One-loop properties of the 2-point and 4-point functions for families of complex-valued scalar field theories on ρ-Minkowski space are examined. For scalar theories with orientable interaction, the 2-point function is found to receive UV quadratically diverging one-loop corrections in 4 dimensions while no IR singularities generating UV/IR mixing appears. These however occur in the one-loop corrections to the 4-point function. As well, one-loop 2-point functions for theories with non-orientable interaction involve such IR singularities. These results are discussed.
Adherence to Antiretrovirals and HIV Viral Suppression Under COVID-19 Pandemic Interruption – Findings from a Randomized Clinical Trial Using Ingestible Sensors to Monitor Adherence
Authors: Wang Yan , Daar Eric S. , Huang Yilan , Xiong Di , Shen Jie , Zhou Linyu , Siqueiros Lisa , Guerrero Mario , Rosen Marc I. , Liu Honghu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on vulnerable populations, including people living with HIV. California implemented a coronavirus lockdown (stay-at-home order) in March 2020, which ended in January 2021. We evaluated the pandemic’s impact on both clinical outcomes of HIV RNA viral load (VL) and retention rate in a randomized clinical trial conducted from May 2018 to October 2020. The intervention group took co-encapsulated antiretrovirals (ARVs) with ingestible sensor (IS) pills from baseline through week 16. The IS system has the capacity to monitor adherence in real-time using a sensor patch, a mobile device, and supporting software. Both the IS and usual care (UC) groups were followed monthly for 28 weeks. Longitudinal mixed-effects models with random intercept and slope (RIAS) were used to fit log VL and self-reported adherence. The sample size of the study was 112 (54 in IS). Overall, the retention rate at week 28 was 86%, with 90% before the lockdown and 83% after the lockdown. The lockdown strengthened the associations between adherence and VL. Before the lockdown, a 10% increase in adherence was associated with a 0.2 unit decrease in log VL (β = -1.88, p = 0.004), while during the lockdown, the association was a 0.41-unit decrease (β = -2.27, p = 0.03). The pandemic did not have a significant impact on our adherence-focused intervention. Our findings regarding the intervention effect remain valid.

Trial Registration Number
NCT02797262. Date registration: September 2015.
N-list-enhanced heuristic for distributed three-stage assembly permutation flow shop scheduling
Authors: Ying Kuo-Ching , Pourhejazy Pourya , Fu Po-Jui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
System-wide optimization of distributed manufacturing operations enables process improvement beyond the standalone and individual optimality norms. This study addresses the production planning of a distributed manufacturing system consisting of three stages: production of parts (subcomponents), assembly of components in Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) factories, and final assembly of products at the product manufacturer’s factory. Distributed Three Stage Assembly Permutation Flowshop Scheduling Problems (DTrSAPFSP) models this operational situation; it is the most recent development in the literature of distributed scheduling problems, which has seen very limited development for possible industrial applications. This research introduces a highly efficient constructive heuristic to contribute to the literature on DTrSAPFSP. Numerical experiments considering a comprehensive set of operational parameters are undertaken to evaluate the performance of the benchmark algorithms. It is shown that the N-list-enhanced Constructive Heuristic algorithm performs significantly better than the current best-performing algorithm and three new metaheuristics in terms of both solution quality and computational time. It can, therefore, be considered a competitive benchmark for future studies on distributed production scheduling and computing.
Supervised ranking approach to identify infLuential websites in the darknet
Authors: Al Nabki MHD Wesam , Fidalgo Eduardo , Alegre Enrique , Chaves Deisy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe anonymity and high security of the Tor network allow it to host a significant amount of criminal activities. Some Tor domains attract more traffic than others, as they offer better products or services to their customers. Detecting the most influential domains in Tor can help detect serious criminal activities. Therefore, in this paper, we present a novel supervised ranking framework for detecting the most influential domains. Our approach represents each domain with 40 features extracted from five sources: text, named entities, HTML markup, network topology, and visual content to train the learning-to-rank (LtR) scheme to sort the domains based on user-defined criteria. We experimented on a subset of 290 manually ranked drug-related websites from Tor and obtained the following results. First, among the explored LtR schemes, the listwise approach outperforms the benchmarked methods with an NDCG of 0.93 for the top-10 ranked domains. Second, we quantitatively proved that our framework surpasses the link-based ranking techniques. Third, we observed that using the user-visible text feature can obtain comparable performance to all the features with a decrease of 0.02 at NDCG@5. The proposed framework might support law enforcement agencies in detecting the most influential domains related to possible suspicious activities.
A new paradigm: proactive biological control of invasive insect pests
Authors: Hoddle Mark S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInvasive insect pests are a significant and accelerating threat to agricultural productivity, they degrade wilderness areas, and reduce quality of life in urban zones. Introduction biological control, the introduction, release, and establishment of host-specific efficacious natural enemies, is an effective management tool for permanently suppressing invasive pest populations over vast areas, often to levels that may no longer cause economic or environmental damage. However, introduction biological control programs are reactive: they are only initiated after an invasive pest has established, spread, and is causing damage that requires mitigation. Host specificity and host range testing of natural enemies for use in an introduction biological control program against an invasive pest can take years to complete. During this time, the target pest population continues to increase, invades new areas, and inflicts damage. Proactive biological control research programs identify prior to their establishment pest species that have high invasion potential and are likely to cause economic or environmental damage once established. Natural enemies are selected, screened, and if sufficiently host-specific, approved for release in advance of the anticipated establishment of the target pest. Following detection of the target pest and determination that incipient populations cannot be eradicated, natural enemies already approved for release are liberated into infested areas. This proactive approach to introduction biological control could significantly reduce project development time post-invasion, thereby lessening opportunities for pest populations to build, spread, and cause damage.
“Cooling credits” are not a viable climate solution
Authors: Diamond Michael S. , Wanser Kelly , Boucher Olivier 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs the world struggles to limit warming to 1.5 or 2 °C below pre-industrial temperatures, research into solar climate interventions that could temporarily offset some amount of greenhouse gas-driven global warming by reflecting more sunlight back out to space has gained prominence. These solar climate intervention techniques would aim to cool the Earth by injecting aerosols (tiny liquid or solid particles suspended in the atmosphere) into the upper atmosphere or into low-altitude marine clouds. In a new development, “cooling credits” are now being marketed that claim to offset a certain amount of greenhouse gas warming with aerosol-based cooling. The science of solar climate intervention is currently too uncertain and the quantification of effects insufficient for any such claims to be credible in the near term. More fundamentally, however, the environmental impacts of greenhouse gases and aerosols are too different for such credits to be an appropriate instrument for reducing climate risk even if scientific uncertainties were narrowed and robust monitoring systems put in place. While some form of commercial mechanism for solar climate intervention implementation, in the event it is used, is likely, “cooling credits” are unlikely to be a viable climate solution, either now or in the future.
Off-the-Cuff Law-Making: Policing Pandemic Dispossession in Spain
Authors: Jiménez-Franco Daniel , Aguerri Jesús C. , Forero-Cuéllar Alejandro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article presents a discussion concerning the role of police rationale(s) in Spain within the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, where exceptionalist strategies aimed at curtailing the spread of the virus came to dramatically strengthen existing social divisions. In line with some authors who have already approached this phenomenon from different disciplines, our premise is that most serious emergencies boosted by Covid-19 were not a mere matter of public health, but rather a particularly harmful expression of accumulation by dispossession. Thus, rather than a flaw in the system produced by an exceptional friction between public security and public health, securitarian performances deployed by neoliberal states can be read as symbiotic strategies, from both law and order and business as usual approaches, to manage the social “externalities” of capitalist predatory strategies. As we will argue, phenomena such as the reinforcement of the policing consensus, police production of law, or the authoritarian turn favored by the Covid-19 health crisis must all be analyzed in this context.
Measuring cyber wisdom: preliminary validation of a new four-component measure
Authors: Harrison Tom , Polizzi Gianfranco , McLoughlin Shane , Moller Francisco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCyber-wisdom is the ability to know and do the right thing at the right time, when using digital technologies, and is a concept that is gaining attention from educators. Whilst the theory and practice of cyber-wisdom education is established, to date there has been no attempt to investigate how the virtue of cyber-wisdom might be measured. This is a lacuna as it limits future research in the area, including, in particular, proximal evaluations of cyber-wisdom interventions. This article introduces a new four-component measure of cyber-wisdom, which is relevant to how the virtue may be cultivated in practice via formal education and the teaching of what is generally referred to as digital citizenship education. The measure was piloted with 1,331 13–16 year-olds. The findings provide initial evidence that cyber-wisdom literacy, reasoning, reflection, and motivation can be measured. This study provides preliminary validation of cyber-wisdom sub-measures that might be used in evaluations of educational interventions that seek to help children and adolescents live with wisdom in the digital age.
Union Status and Disability Pension
Authors: Christiansen Solveig Glestad , Kravdal Øystein 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA lot is known about the association between marital status and mortality, and some of these studies have included data on cohabitation. Studies on the association with health problems, rather than mortality, are often based on self-reported health outcomes, and results from these studies are mixed. As cohabitation is now widespread, more studies that include data on cohabitation are needed. We use Norwegian register data that include detailed information about union status and all cases of disability pensioning from 2005 to 2016. We employ Cox regression analysis and a within-family design in order to control for hard to measure childhood characteristics. Compared to the married, the cohabiting have a somewhat higher risk of receiving disability pension due to mental disorders, and for men also due to physical disorders. Receipt of disability pension is most common among the never married, especially for men. The association between union status and disability pensioning is stronger for mental than for physical disorders.