bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of myocardial fibrosis among patients living with HIV and factors associated with a higher prevalence rate: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shoar Saeed , Dao Calvin D , Higgason Noel M , Shoar Nasrin 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionHIV infection is an established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Although increasing evidence implicates a higher prevalence of myocardial fibrosis (MF) among patients living with HIV (PLWH) compared with the HIV-negative population, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding its determinants and factors associated with higher odds of MF development. We aim to perform a systematic review to estimate the prevalence of MF among PLWH. Additionally, we will determine the factors associated with higher odds of MF among PLWH compared with the HIV-negative population.MethodsA systematic review will be performed by consulting the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventional studies reporting a confirmed diagnosis of MF among PLWH. Articles will be eligible if they provide the prevalence of MF among PLWH and HIV-negative populations or the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of MF development in relation to HIV. Depending on the quality of the data and the heterogeneity among the included studies, a random-effects or fixed-effects model will be used to pool and compare the ORs of MF among PLWH and HIV-negative population. Factors associated with higher odds of MF in relation to HIV will also be determined.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval and obtaining informed consent are not required for this systematic review as it does not use individual patients’ data. Results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed medical journal.
CD47 expression is critical for CAR T-cell survival in vivo
Authors: Beckett Alex N , Chockley Peter , Pruett-Miller Shondra M , Nguyen Phuong , Vogel Peter , Sheppard Heather , Krenciute Giedre , Gottschalk Stephen , DeRenzo Christopher 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundCD47 is an attractive immunotherapeutic target because it is highly expressed on multiple solid tumors. However, CD47 is also expressed on T cells. Limited studies have evaluated CD47-chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, and the role of CD47 in CAR T-cell function remains largely unknown.MethodsHere, we describe the development of CD47-CAR T cells derived from a high affinity signal regulatory protein α variant CV1, which binds CD47. CV1-CAR T cells were generated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The role of CD47 in CAR T-cell function was examined by knocking out CD47 in T cells followed by downstream functional analyses.ResultsWhile CV1-CAR T cells are specific and exhibit potent activity in vitro they lacked antitumor activity in xenograft models. Mechanistic studies revealed CV1-CAR T cells downregulate CD47 to overcome fratricide, but CD47 loss resulted in their failure to expand and persist in vivo. This effect was not limited to CV1-CAR T cells, since CD47 knockout CAR T cells targeting another solid tumor antigen exhibited the same in vivo fate. Further, CD47 knockout T cells were sensitive to macrophage-mediated phagocytosis.ConclusionsThese findings highlight that CD47 expression is critical for CAR T-cell survival in vivo and is a ‘sine qua non’ for successful adoptive T-cell therapy.
Current Definitions of Failure in Lateral Ankle Instability Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dallman Johnathan , Wolf Megan R. , Campbell Tanner , Herda Trent , White Jacob , Tarakemeh Armin , Vopat Bryan G. 
Published: March 2023

Background: “Failure” is a term that is frequently used to describe an unfavorable outcome for patients who undergo surgical treatment for lateral ankle instability (LAI). A standard definition of failure for the surgical treatment of ankle instability has not been established by clinicians and researchers. Purpose: To identify the definitions of ankle instability treatment failure that are currently in the literature and to work toward the standardization of the definition. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted to identify clinical studies that included patients who underwent surgical treatment for LAI and included information about surgical failure. Studies with level of evidence 1 to 4 were included in this review. Animal studies, biomechanical studies, cadaveric studies, review articles, and expert opinions were excluded. The included studies were then reviewed for definitions of failure of any surgical procedure that was performed to correct LAI. Results: Of the 1200 studies found, 3.5% (42/1200) published between 1984 and 2021 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. After reviewing the data, we found numerous definitions were reported in the literature for LAI surgical failure. The most common was recurrent instability (40% [17/42]), followed by rerupture (19% [8/42]). For the original surgical procedure, the anatomic Broström-Gould technique was used most frequently (57% [24/42]). The failure rate of the Broström-Gould technique ranged from 1.1% to 45.2% depending on the definition of failure. Conclusion: There were multiple definitions of failure for the surgical treatment of LAI, which is one of the reasons why the rate of failure can vary greatly. The literature would benefit greatly from the standardization of the definition of ankle instability treatment failure. This definition should include specific, objective physical examination findings that eliminate the ambiguity surrounding failure.
Bioglass/collagen scaffolds combined with bone marrow stromal cells on bone healing in an experimental model in cranial defects in rats
Authors: Kido HW , Gabbai-Armelin PR , Magri AMP , Fernandes KR , Cruz MA , Santana AF , Caliari HM , Parisi JR , Avanzi IR , Daguano JKMB , Granito RN , Fortulan CA , Rennó ACM 
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to develop bone regenerative therapeutic strategies, based on the addition of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) on bioglass/collagen (BG/COL) scaffolds. For this purpose, an in vivo study was conducted using tissue response of the BG/COL scaffolds combined with BMSC in a critical-size defects. Wistar rats were submitted to the surgical procedure to perform the cranial critical size bone defects and distributed in four groups (20 animals per group): Control Group (CG) (rats submitted to the cranial bone defect surgery without treatment), Bioglass Group (BG) (rats treated with BG), BG/COL Group (rats treated with BG/COL) and Bioglass/Collagen and BMSC Group (BG/COL/BMSC) (rats treated with BG/COL scaffolds enriched with BMSCs). Animals were euthanized 15 and 30 days after surgery. Scanning electron microscopy, histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis were used. SEM analysis demonstrated that porous scaffolds were obtained, and Col fibers were successfully impregnated to BG matrices. The implantation of the BMSC on BG/COL based scaffolds was effective in stimulating newly bone formation and produced an increased immunoexpression of markers related to the bone repair. These results highlight the potential of BG/COL scaffolds and BMSCs to be used as a therapeutic approach for bone regeneration.
Bone Density of the Condyle of Children with Craniofacial Microsomia and its Correlation with Condylar Resorption After Mandible Distraction Osteogenesis
Authors: Li Xiyuan , Zhang Zhiyong , Tang Xiaojun , Li Chuan , Liu Wei 
Published: March 2023

Objective To investigate condylar bone density (BD) in children with craniofacial microsomia (CFM) and identify factors that contribute to early stage condylar resorption (CR) after mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO). Design Retrospective study. Setting Craniofacial department of a plastic surgery hospital. Patients Fifty-one children with CFM classified as Pruzansky IIa based on complete pre-(T0) and post-MDO (T1) computed tomography (CT) data. Intervention and Main outcome measurements Mimic 21.0 (Materialise Inc., Belgium) was used to measure bilateral BD and condylar height (CH) and volume (CV) of affected side. Children were split into groups based on either affected side BD or the distraction length (DL,25 mm as cutoff) .Bilateral BD was compared using a paired t-test in each group. The CH and CV of affected side at T0 and T1 were compared. The relative values of the CH and CV (CH ratio) and the volume (CV ratio) of the affected side were compared across the groups. Results The BD was lower on affected side than on unaffected side. Regarding BD, CH and CV decreased after MDO in group I, while the CH ratio and CV ratio of group I was lower than that of groups II and III. Regarding DL, the CV ratio was lower in Group L than Group S. Conclusions The condylar bone quality on affected side is compromised in type IIa CFM. A low BD in combination with a larger distraction distance may increase the risk of CR; therefore, MDO in patients with such characteristics should be postponed.
Impairment’s Role in the Pathway From Externalizing Psychopathology to Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents With ADHD
Authors: Capps R. Elizabeth , Wilson Elizabeth D. , Evans Steven W. , Allan Darcey M. , Langberg Joshua M. 
Published: March 2023

Objective: This study examined the role of academic, social, and family impairment in the pathway from externalizing psychopathology to depression among young adolescents with ADHD in a multiple mediation model. Method: The sample included adolescents with ADHD enrolled in an intervention trial. Parent ratings of externalizing psychopathology were measured at eligibility assessment, adolescent self-reported depressive symptoms were measured at eligibility and at the end of treatment, and parent-rated impairment was measured in the middle of treatment. A multiple mediation model was used to examine mediating effects of impairment types in the pathway from externalizing psychopathology to depression. Results: Parent-reported family impairment significantly mediated the association between externalizing psychopathology and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Results suggest family impairment mediates the association between externalizing psychopathology and depressive symptoms beyond academic and social impairment for youth with ADHD. Findings implicate the importance of targeting family functioning during early adolescence to prevent depression.
Whiplash-associated temporomandibular disorders: a review article
Authors: Al-Ani Ziad 
Published: March 2023

Data from the literature on temporomandibular disorder (TMD) amplification or exacerbation in whiplash injuries is quite discordant. Substantial controversy exists regarding the incidence, prevalence, proposed mechanism of injury, clinical characteristics, and prognosis of TMDs due to whiplash. This article describes this controversy and presents findings from contemporary literature.
Maternal physiological calming responses to infant suckling at the breast
Authors: Ohmura Nami , Okuma Lana , Truzzi Anna , Esposito Gianluca , Kuroda Kumi O. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe mother–infant relation is key to infant physical, cognitive and social development. Mutual regulation and cooperation are required to maintain the dyadic system, but the biological foundation of these responses remains to be clarified. In this study, we report the maternal calming responses to infant suckling during breastfeeding. Using behavioral measures and a Holter electrocardiogram as a readout of the maternal autonomic nervous system, the maternal activities during resting, sitting with her infant on her lap, and breastfeeding were assessed. We found that during breastfeeding, mothers talked less and maternal heart rate was lower than during sitting with the infant without breastfeeding. Congruently, maternal heart rate variability measurements indicated a higher parasympathetic activity during breastfeeding. Time-locked analyses suggested that this maternal calming response was initiated by the tactile stimulation at the breast by the infant face or mouth latch, which preceded the perceived milk ejection. These findings suggest that somatosensory stimuli of breastfeeding activate parasympathetic activity in mothers. Just as how the infant Transport Response facilitates the carrying of infants, the maternal calming responses during breastfeeding may promote efficient milk intake by inhibiting spontaneous maternal activities.
Inferring biological kinship in ancient datasets: comparing the response of ancient DNA-specific software packages to low coverage data
Authors: Marsh William A , Brace Selina , Barnes Ian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The inference of biological relations between individuals is fundamental to understanding past human societies. Caregiving, resource sharing and sexual behaviours are often mediated by biological kinship and yet the identification and interpretation of kin relationships in prehistoric human groups is difficult. In recent years, the advent of archaeogenetic techniques have offered a fresh approach, and when combined with more traditional osteological and interpretive archaeological methods, allows for improved interpretation of the burial practices, cultural behaviours, and societal stratification in ancient societies. Although archaeogenetic techniques are developing at pace, questions remain as to their accuracy, particularly when applied to the low coverage datasets that results from the sequencing of DNA derived from highly degraded ancient material.

Results
The performance of six of the most commonly used kinship identifcation software methods was explored at a range of low and ultra low genome coverages. An asymmetrical response was observed across packages, with decreased genome coverage resulting in differences in both direction and degree of change of calculated kinship scores and thus pairwise relatedness estimates are dependant on both package used and genome coverage. Methods reliant upon genotype likelihoods methods (lcMLkin, NGSrelate and NGSremix) show a decreased level of prediction at coverage below 1x, although were consistent in the particular relationships identified at these coverages when compared to the pseudohaploid reliant methods tested (READ, the Kennett 2017 method and TKGWV2.0). The three pseudohaploid methods show predictive potential at coverages as low as 0.05x, although the accuracy of the relationships identified is questionable given the increase in the number of relationships identifIed at the low coverage (type I errors).

Conclusion
Two pseudohaploid methods (READ and Kennett 2017) show relatively consistent inference of kin relationships at low coverage (0.5x), with READ only showing a significant performance drop off at ultralow coverages (< 0.2x). More generally, our results reveal asymmetrical kinship classifications in some software packages even at high coverages, highlighting the importance of applying multiple methods to authenticate kin relationships in ancient material, along with the continuing need to develop laboratory methods that maximise data output for downstream analyses.
The transcription factor GhWRKY70 from gossypium hirsutum enhances resistance to verticillium wilt via the jasmonic acid pathway
Authors: Zhang Shuling , Dong Lijun , Zhang Xue , Fu Xiaohong , Zhao Lin , Wu Lizhu , Wang Xingfen , Liu Jianfeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The WRKY transcription factors play significant roles in plant growth, development, and defense responses. However, in cotton, the molecular mechanism of most WRKY proteins and their involvement in Verticillium wilt tolerance are not well understood.

Results
GhWRKY70 is greatly up-regulated in cotton by Verticillium dahliae. Subcellular localization suggests that GhWRKY70 is only located in the nucleus. Transcriptional activation of GhWRKY70 further demonstrates that GhWRKY70 function as a transcriptional activator. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing GhWRKY70 exhibited better growth performance and higher lignin content, antioxidant enzyme activities and jasmonic acid (JA) levels than wild-type plants after infection with V. dahliae. In addition, the transgenic Arabidopsis resulted in an enhanced expression level of AtAOS1, a gene related to JA synthesis, further leading to a higher JA accumulation compared to the wild type. However, the disease index (DI) values of the VIGS-treated cotton plants with TRV:WRKY70 were also significantly higher than those of the VIGS-treated cotton plants with TRV:00. The chlorophyll and lignin contents of TRV:WRKY70 plants were significantly lower than those of TRV:00 plants. GhAOS1 expression and JA abundance in TRV:WRKY70 plants were decreased. The GhWRKY70 protein was confirmed to bind to the W-box element in the promoter region of GhAOS by yeast one-hybrid assay and transient expression.

Conclusion
These results indicate that the GhWRKY70 transcription factor is a positive regulator in Verticillium wilt tolerance of cotton, and may promote the production of JA via regulation of GhAOS1 expression.
Comprehensive analysis of the biological function and immune infiltration of SLC38A2 in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhu Liang , Wang Zhengguang , Han Wenxiu , Xu Aman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Solute carrier family 38 member 2 (SLC38A2) has previously been reported to participate in carcinogenesis. However, its expression and function in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of SLC38A2 in GC.

Methods
The prognostic value and expression of SLC38A2 in GC was analyzed by combining bioinformatics and experimental analyses. Colony formation, Cell Counting Kit-8, wound healing, Transwell and tumor formation assays were performed to assess the biological function of SLC38A2. The cBioPortal, GeneMANIA and LinkedOmics databases were mined to determine the underlying regulatory mechanisms of SLC38A2. The role of SLC38A2 in tumor immune infiltration was explored using the TIMER database.

Results
Our results demonstrated that SLC38A2 was upregulated and was correlated with a poor prognosis in GC patients. SLC38A2 downregulation significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of GC cells. Abnormal genetic alteration and epigenetic regulation may contribute to the upregulation of SLC38A2 expression levels in GC. The results of enrichment analysis demonstrated that SLC38A2 was associated with ‘hippo signaling’ and ‘ubiquitinyl hydrolase activity’. The results also indicated that SLC38A2 may be a key factor in GC immune infiltration and M2 macrophage polarization.

Conclusion
Overall, these data identified that SLC38A2 may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in GC.
Hospitalization costs of injury in elderly population in China: a quantile regression analysis
Authors: Ou Wenjing , Zhang Qin , He Junlin , Shao Xinye , Yang Yang , Wang Xin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Trauma in the elderly is gradually growing more prevalent as the aging population increases over time. The purpose of this study is to assess hospitalization costs of the elderly trauma population and analyze the association between those costs and the features of the elderly trauma population.

Methods
In a retrospective analysis, data on trauma patients over 65 who were admitted to the hospital for the first time due to trauma between January 2017 and March 2022 was collected from a tertiary comprehensive hospital in Baotou. We calculated and analyzed the hospitalization cost components. According to various therapeutic approaches, trauma patients were divided into two subgroups: non-surgical patients (1320 cases) and surgical patients (387 cases). Quantile regression was used to evaluate the relationship between trauma patients and hospitalization costs.

Results
This study comprised 1707 trauma patients in total. Mean total hospitalization costs per patient were ¥20,741. Patients with transportation accidents incurred the highest expenditures among those with external causes of trauma, with a mean hospitalization cost of ¥24,918, followed by patients with falls at ¥19,809 on average. Hospitalization costs were dominated by medicine costs (¥7,182 per capita). According to the quantile regression results, all trauma patients' hospitalization costs were considerably increased by length of stay, surgery, the injury severity score (16–24), multimorbidity, thorax injury, and blood transfusion. For non-surgical patients, length of stay, multimorbidity, and the injury severity score (16–24) were all substantially linked to higher hospitalization costs. For surgical patients, length of stay, injury severity score (16–24), and hip and thigh injuries were significantly associated with greater hospitalization costs.

Conclusions
Using quantile regression to identify factors associated with hospitalization costs could be helpful for addressing the burden of injury in the elderly population. Policymakers may find these findings to be insightful in lowering hospitalization costs related to injury in the elderly population.
Impact of glucocorticoids on the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and survival of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Huang Xiaoxue , Zheng Zhiyuan , Zeng Bangwei , Xiao Han , Zheng Hao , Lin Zhuangbin , Song Jianyuan , Li Anchuan , Chi Pan , Yang Yinghong , Xu Benhua , Zheng Rong 
Published: March 2023

Abstracts
Background
Preclinical studies suggest that glucocorticoids (GCs) promote the proliferation and development of colorectal cancer. Because GCs are broadly prescribed for treatment-related adverse events in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT), it’s essential to assess the effect of GCs on clinical outcomes.

Methods
LARC cases treated with NCRT followed by surgery were assessed retrospectively. Evaluation of the relationship between GCs use (GCs vs. non-GCs) and neoadjuvant rectal (NAR) score (as a three-level categorical dependent variable) was performed using multivariable multinomial logistic regression (MLR). We also examined the relationship between the accumulated dose of GCs and NAR using multivariate MLR. Survival analysis of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Multivariate Cox regression was used to assess confounding factors that could influence OS and DFS.

Results
This retrospective cohort study included 790 patients with newly diagnosed non-metastatic LARC (T3-4/N + M0) who received NCRT followed by surgery between January 2012 and April 2017. The end of the follow-up period was May 11, 2022. Among the 790 patients with LARC, 342 (43.2%) received GCs treatment and 448 (56.8%) did not during the NCRT-to-surgery period. GCs medication was significantly different between mid-NAR (8–16) and low-NAR (< 8) (odds ratio [OR], 0.615; 95% CI, 0.420–0.901; P = 0.013), and the high-NAR (> 16) and low-NAR (0.563; 0.352–0.900; 0.016). Patients exposed to GCs, had a decreased 5-year OS (GCs vs. non-GCs = 80.01% (95% CI, 75.87%–84.37%) vs. 85.30% (82.06%–88.67%), P = 0.023) and poorer 5-year DFS (73.99% (69.45%–78.82%) vs. 78.7% (75.14%–82.78%), P = 0.045). The accumulated dose of GCs was an independent risk factor for OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.007 [1.001–1.014], 0.036) and DFS (1.010 [1.004–1.017], 0.001).

Conclusions and relevance
Our study revealed that GCs were associated with reduced efficacy of NCRT and worse clinical outcomes in patients with LARC during the NCRT-to-surgery period.