bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Root and Canal Morphology of Mandibular Second Molars in an Egyptian population: A Cone-beam Computed Tomography Study
Authors: Saber Shehabeldin Mohamed , Seoud Mohammed abou El , Sadat Shaimaa Mohamed Abu el , Nawar Nawar Naguib 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: This study was uses CBCT to examine the anatomical variations in mandibular second molars in an Egyptian subpopulation.
Methods: 350 CBCT images (215 females and 135 males, aged 15–65 years) of mandibular second molars were evaluated. Samples were evaluated in terms of: number of roots, number of root canals, roots’ cross section as well as prevalence and configurations of C-shaped canals. Statistical analysis was done to highlight differences between different categories and their prevalence among genders (significance level was set at p < 0.05).
Results: Of the 350 mandibular second molars evaluated, 87.2% were non-C-shaped while 12.8% were C-shaped with no gender-based statistically significant differences (χ2=0.19, p=0.656). Most samples had three root canals (80%) followed by two (16%), then one (3.2%), and finally four (0.8%) root canals. Among the non-C-shaped molars, presence of two roots was most common (83.4%) followed by presence of a single root (16.2%), and only one sample (0.2%) had three roots, and this had no correlation with gender (χ2=1.86, p=0.431). In the mesial roots Type IV Vertucci was the most common configuration found (68.8%), while Type I was the most prevalent in the distal roots (91.8%). The long oval configuration was the most commonly found cross section in mesial roots while “oval” was the most prevalent in distal roots.
Conclusion: Egyptian population shows highly variable morphological features in mandibular second molars, hence, CBCT is highly recommended on case-to-case conditions. Keywords : C-shaped canal - Cone beam computed tomography - Mandibular second molar
Real-World Study of Bevacizumab Treatment in Patients with Ovarian Cancer: A Chinese single-institution study of 155 patients
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zheng Hong , Gao Yunong , Shu Tong , Wang Hongguo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to retrospectively assess the pattern, compliance, efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in Chinese ovarian cancer patients.
Methods
We reviewed the clinicopathological data of patients with histologically confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer and primary peritoneal adenocarcinoma, who were diagnosed and treated at the Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Peking University Cancer Hospital between May 2012 and January 2022.
Results
A total of 155 patients were eventually enrolled in this study, with 77 as first-line chemotherapy(FL) and 78 as recurrence therapy(RT). Among the 77 patients in the FL group, 35 received bevacizumab during NACT alone(NT), 23 received bevacizumab during both neoadjuvant and first-line chemotherapy(NT + FL) and 19 received bevacizumab during first-line chemotherapy alone(FLA). Among the 43 patients of NT and NT + FL groups undergoing IDS, 38(88.4%) patients achieved optimally debulking and 24(55.8%) patients had no residual disease after IDS. The patients in the FL group had a median PFS of 15(95%CI: 9.951–20.049) months, and the 12-month PFS was 61.7%. In the RT group, the ORR was 53.8%. According to multivariate analysis, the patients' platinum sensitivity had a significant impact on the PFS in the RT group. 13(8.4%) patients discontinued bevacizumab due to toxicity. The most common adverse event associated with bevacizumab therapy was hypertension.
Conclusion
Bevacizumab is effective and well-tolerated in the real world setting of ovarian cancer treatment. Adding bevacizumab to NACT is feasible and tolerable. Receiving the regimen containing bevacizumab in the last preoperative chemotherapy did not result in increased intraoperative bleeding of IDS. Platinum sensitivity is the most important factor affecting the effectiveness of bevacizumab in recurrent patients.
Serum Glucose and Electrolyte Levels in Children with and without Febrile Seizures: A case-control study
Authors: Mohamed Zakaria Ahmed , Tang Chunjiao , Thokerunga Erick , Jimale Ali Omar , Fatima Uroosa , Fan Jingyi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Febrile seizures (FS) occur in children aged six to sixty months with a febrile illness not associated with a central nervous system infection or metabolic disorder. Risk factors include; age, history of the disease, certain vaccinations, or iron and zinc deficiencies. Studies show significant hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, and hyperkalemia in children with febrile seizures. Similarly, cerebrospinal fluid hyperglycemia is common in febrile convulsions. This study aimed to retrospectively assess the relationship between febrile seizures, and electrolyte & glucose imbalance among children with fever, and also compare the annual trends of febrile seizure-related admissions pre- and post-Covid 19 pandemics.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted from January 2018 to January 2022 at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China. 876 children aged 6 to 60 months were divided into 438 cases with febrile seizures (cases) and 438 with fever but without seizures (controls). Serum glucose and electrolyte levels at the time of hospitalization as well as age, gender, birth weight, gestational age, temperature, and causes of fever, in both groups were retrieved, analyzed, and compared.
Results: Febrile seizure admissions among children aged 6-60 months were significantly reduced to less than 23.4% during the Covid-19 pandemic. Children with febrile seizures had significantly higher serum glucose levels than those with fever but without seizures (p < 0.05). The serum sodium levels of children with seizures were significantly lower than those without seizures (p < 0.05). Sodium levels were significantly lower among children with complex seizures (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the serum electrolyte levels of potassium and calcium between the cases and controls (p > 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between serum sodium levels and the occurrence of febrile seizures (r = [0.156]; p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The study found that admission rates for febrile seizures decreased during Covid-19 and lower sodium levels could be a risk factor for the occurrence of febrile seizures.
Subsidy or not? How much government subsidy can improve performance level of Energy Saving Services Company?
Authors: Zhang Tao , Wu Ke , Tan Yuxin , Xu Zihan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Contract energy management model is a new energy saving mode based on single market mechanism. Due to its externality, the energy efficiency market cannot realize the optimal allocation of resources. Government energy-saving subsidy can solve the market failure of energy-saving service market and improve the performance level of energy-saving services company. However, due to the unbalanced support fields and single incentive tools in the government incentive policy, the incentive effect of the government subsidy policies for contract energy management projects is not satisfactory. Based on a two-stage dynamic decision-making model, this article analyzes the impact of different forms of government subsidy policies on the performance level decision-making of Energy Service Company, and draws the following conclusions. (1) The effect of the government's variable subsidy policy with payment conditions is better than the fixed subsidy policy without payment conditions. (2) Government incentive policy for contract energy management needs to be directed against different energy saving fields. (3) The government should adopt different forms of incentive policies for energy saving service companies with different energy saving levels in the same energy saving field. (4) When the government implements the variable subsidy policy with preset energy saving target, each within a reasonable range, with the increase of which, the incentive effect on energy saving service companies with lower energy saving level decreases. When the subsidy policy has no incentive effect, it is more unfavorable for the energy saving service companies which are below the average level of the industry.
COVID-19 individual participant data meta-analyses. Can there be too many? Results from a rapid systematic review.
Authors: Maxwell Lauren , Shreedhar Priya , Levis Brooke , Chavan Sayali Arvind , Akter Shaila , Carabali Mabel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Individual participant data meta-analyses (IPD-MAs), which include harmonising and analysing participant-level data from related studies, provide several advantages over aggregate data meta-analyses, which pool study-level findings. IPD-MAs are especially important for building and evaluating diagnostic and prognostic models, making them an important tool for informing the research and public health responses to COVID-19.
Methods
We conducted a rapid systematic review of protocols and publications from planned, ongoing, or completed COVID-19-related IPD-MAs to identify areas of overlap and maximise data request and harmonisation efforts. We searched four databases using a combination of text and MeSH terms. Two independent reviewers determined eligibility at the title-abstract and full-text stage. Data were extracted by one reviewer into a pretested data extraction form and subsequently reviewed by a second reviewer. Data were analysed using a narrative synthesis approach. A formal risk of bias assessment was not conducted.
Results
We identified 31 COVID-19-related IPD-MAs, including five living IPD-MAs and ten IPD-MAs that limited their inference to published data (e.g., case reports). We found overlap in study designs, populations, exposures, and outcomes of interest. For example, 26 IPD-MAs included RCTs; 17 IPD-MAs were limited to hospitalised patients. Sixteen IPD-MAs focused on evaluating medical treatments, including six IPD-MAs for antivirals, four on antibodies, and two that evaluated convalescent plasma.
Conclusions
Collaboration across related IPD-MAs can leverage limited resources and expertise by expediting the creation of cross-study participant-level data datasets, which can, in turn, fast-track evidence synthesis for the improved diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19.
Open Science Foundation registration number
10.17605/OSF.IO/93GF2
Effect of community practical training on community residents’ health during the COVID-19 epidemic: A prospective study
Authors: Li Ying , Pan YiYang , Ding XiWen , Aierken Ayizuhere 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Community practice training is an important part of education in medicine, public health, social medicine, and other disciplines. The objective of this study is to explore the effect and importance of the community practice of Master of Public Health graduates on community residents’ health during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 epidemic.
Methods
This study used a prospective study design. A total of 152 participants with age ≥ 60 years were selected using a multistage sampling method from Hangzhou in China. Baseline and endline data were collected using structured questionnaires by face-to-face interviews. All psychological and behavioral measurements were performed using standardized instruments and showed good reliability and validity. A total of 147 participants were included in the analysis. The chi-square and rank sum tests were used to compare the difference between baseline and endline for categorical variables. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between community practice training and changes in psychology and behavior.
Results
The result of chi-square test showed that the eating habits of participants were different at endline and baseline (p = 0.001). Participants reported that the self-perceived health status from “very good” to “not good” was different between endline and baseline by the rank sum test (p = 0.036). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that community practice training was significantly associated with increased self-efficacy scores and cognitive function, with odd ratios (ORs) of 1.08 (95% CI, 1.04–1.13, p < 0.001) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.83–0.98, p < 0.013), respectively. The change in eating habits was also statistically significant at endline (p = 0.009).
Conclusions
Community practice training was associated with changes in health behavior and psychology of community residents. Our results suggested enhanced community practice training for students under the Master of Public Health program.
Three-Dimensional-Printed Calcium Alginate/Graphene Oxide Porous Adsorbent with Super-High Lead Ion Adsorption Ability in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Wang Na , Song Fuxiang , Niu Yuxin , Hu Zezhou , Chen Wenjie , Liu Bin , Xie Weibo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, a 3D calcium alginate/graphene oxide (3D CA/GO) adsorbent, with a hierarchical macroporous structure, was successfully constructed with a light weight, good structural stability (operability), hydrophilicity, and other excellent properties. Owing to the optimized construction process and controllable construction, the 3D CA/GO showed an enhanced adsorption capacity for lead (Pb2+) in aqueous solution (for example, at pH = 3, the adsorption capacity was 490.2 mg/g, which was two times higher than reported in the literature). Meanwhile, the selective adsorption ratio of 3D CA/GO for Pb2+ reached 99.8% when positive ions occurred. In addition, after eight adsorption-desorption cycles, the adsorption capacity did not experience a significant decrease and the structure remained stable. Meanwhile, the adsorbed Pb2+ could be eluted by hydrochloric acid, thus realizing the recovery, concentration, and recycling of Pb2+. Moreover, through characterization analysis and Ca2+ releasing experiment, we confirmed that the adsorption mechanism of 3D CA/GO consisted of electrostatic interactions, ion exchange and chelation. According to the actual situation, choose the waste water of medical environment, and 3D CA/GO was verified as capable of removing and recycling Pb2+. The immersion experiment using simulation wastewater solution containing heavy metal ions also indicated that 3D CA/GO could maintain structural stability and sustain its adsorption capacity. Its excellent structural stability, strong adsorption capacity, and outstanding selective adsorption capacity were attributed to the controllable construction and optimized structure of hierarchical macroporous materials by 3D printing technology.
Efficiency of Monolayers in Evaporation Suppression from Water Surface Considering Meteorological Parameters
Authors: Karimzadeh Mehrdad , zahiri javad , Nobakht Valiollah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The evaporation from water reservoirs has become a global issue, due to climate change, limited water resources, and population growth. In this research, three emulsions of octadecanol/Brij-35 (4:1), hexadecanol/Brij-35 (4:1), and a combination of the alcohols with Brij-35, octadecanol/hexadecanol/Brij-35 (2:2:1), were used in water. One-way ANOVA was applied to compare the mean of evaporation in different chemical and physical methods, and factorial ANOVA was used to investigate the main and interactional effects of different meteorological parameters on the rate of evaporation. Results showed that two physical methods of the canopy and shade balls performed better than the chemical methods, with reductions of 60 and 56 percent in evaporation, respectively. Among the chemical methods, the octadecanol/Brij-35 emulsion had a better performance with a 36 percent of reduction in evaporation. One-way ANOVA results showed that among the chemical methods, only the octadecanol/Brij-35 had no significant difference with shade balls with a 99 percent probability level (P < 0.01). On the other hand, factorial ANOVA showed that the temperature and relative humidity had the highest effect on evaporation. Octadecanol/Brij-35 monolayer had a lower performance than two physical methods at low temperatures but after increasing temperature, its performance improved. This monolayer had a good performance at low wind speed compared to physical methods; however, with increasing the wind speed, its performance was severely affected. For temperatures of over 37°, the evaporation rate increased more than 50 percent when the wind speed had changed from 3.5 m/s to more than 8.7 m/s.
Combination of MRI-based temporal tumor response and Epstein-Barr DNA level changes after radiotherapy leads to improved prognostic stratification of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Lu Zi-Jian , Liu Li-Ting , Li Xiao-Yun , Sun Xue-Song , Liu Sai-Lan , Yang Qi , Guo Shan-Shan , Lin Chao , Qiu Hui-Zhi , Lin Huan-Xin , Mai Hai-Qiang , Tang Lin-Quan , Guo Ling 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives To investigated the prognostic value of temporal tumor response (TR) and plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA level changes at the end of radiotherapy (pRT0) and 3 months after radiotherapy (pRT3) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. Methods A total of 651 patients with biopsy-proven NPC, treated with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy, were retrospectively enrolled. TR and plasma EBV DNA levels were evaluated at pRT0 and pRT3. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary endpoint. Results Temporal change of tumor response (TRC) indicated that the refractory-disease group (where TR remained a non-complete response [non-CR] at pRT0 and pRT3) and slow-response group (where TR changed from non-CR to CR at pRT3) had a higher risk than the rapid-response group (where TR remained a CR at pRT0 and pRT3) in the 5-year locoregional relapse-free survival (LRRFS,P < 0.001). Temporal EBV DNA changes (EBV DNAC) indicated that patients with persistently detectable EBV DNA had the lowest 5-year distant metastasis-free survival rate (DMFS,P < 0.001). Our new risk classification (NRC) model combined TRC and EBV DNAC to classify the patients into three risk groups. High-risk and intermediate-risk patients had significantly lower 5-year PFS, overall survival, LRRFS, and DMFS than the low-risk patients. Multivariate analysis indicated that NRC was a significant independent prognostic factor for clinical outcomes, and this was also confirmed by time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analyses. Conclusions TRC was better in predicting locoregional recurrence. EBV DNAC was better in predicting distant metastasis after radiotherapy. NRC greatly improved the risk stratification in NPC patients.
Applying multi objective particle swarm optimization algorithm for sequencing and balancing mixed model assembly line problem with setup times between tasks
Authors: tanhaie fahimeh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Mixed-model assembly is a particular set of production lines assembling a family of product models, with similar specifications. Designing paced assembly lines face two primary problems, Balancing and sequencing. The balancing quality is closely associated with the described production sequence. Although these two are problems of one assembly method but they do not take place at the same time, balancing pose a problem during the line designing, whereas sequencing becomes problematic at fluctuating demand of market. In the present research, we have presented a balancing and sequencing problem and proper times to setup the machines between tasks. Unlike a majority of published studies, this paper contains two successive tasks’ setup times in dynamic periods, in which periods also impact the flowing period. A mathematical description with a number of objective functions containing: reducing the inappropriate assembly lines sequence, reducing setup cost, and reducing the inappropriate products balance and the impact of this situation on incomplete tasks. This problem has a combinatorial nature, therefore, the exact techniques, for example combined integer linear programming cannot solve large-sized problems. Thus, the literature have presented several metaheuristic algorithms to solve the problems nearly optimal. This study uses multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm, a suitable approach, to create models and solutions. Various problems are designed in different sizes and compared, the decision variables sensitivity is investigated to prepare managerial intuitions. The findings propose that presented algorithm can solve the research problems more efficiently.
Survival through innovation in manufacturing SMEs in emerging economies evidence from Zimbabwe
Authors: Chipambwa Walter , Moalosi Ritchie , Molwane Olefile , Rapitsenyane Yaone 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Globally Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have become engines for growth and most of these successful entities have grown into bigger companies through innovation. From the emerging economies perspective literature is scant on innovation especially in manufacturing SMEs and how they can leverage on it for success. This study sought to assess innovation in SMEs into furniture manufacturing in Zimbabwe. As SMEs seek to grow into larger firms, their ability to innovate becomes their key achievement if they remain operational. Though it is difficult to understand and collect information about SMEs innovation capabilities in the emerging economies it is important to try and unpack how they can leverage on some inherent characteristics they have as SMEs in developing economies. The study adopted a qualitative multiple case study approach where a total of 24 SMEs were interviewed after they were purposively sampled from the available database from the parent ministry. This study highlights the need for SMEs to invest in design education, register industrial designs, and improve social media presence, creation of clusters to lobby government support, and also training employees so that they can add more value to the design activities during production. The study also advocates for more support from government through design policy formulation that calls for active participation of all the SMEs concerned. The study findings will assist to develop special programmes for manufacturing SMEs to be innovative.
Gut-microbiota in Obese Children and Adolescents: Inferred Functional Analysis and Machine-learning Algorithms to Classify Microorganisms
Authors: Squillario Margherita , Bonaretti Carola , Valle Alberto La , Marco Eddi Di , Piccolo Gianluca , Minuto Nicola , Patti Giuseppa , Napoli Flavia , Bassi Marta , Maghnie Mohamad , d'Annunzio Giuseppe , Biassoni Roberto 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The fecal microbiome of 55 obese children and adolescents (BMI-SDS 3.2+/-0.7) and of 25 normal-weight subjects, matched both for age and sex (BMI-SDS -0.3+/-1.1). Streptococcus, Acidaminococcus, Sutterella, Prevotella, Sutterellawadsworthensis, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Prevotellacopri positively correlated with obesity.
The inferred pathways strongly associated with obesity concern the biosynthesis pathways of tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and methionine pathways. Furthermore, polyamine biosynthesis virulence factors and pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathway showed higher abundances in obese samples, while the butanediol biosynthesis showed low abundance in obese subjects. Different taxa strongly linked with obesity have been related to an increased risk of multiple diseases involving metabolic pathways related to inflammation (polyamine and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis). Cholesterol, LDL, and CRP positively correlated with specific clusters of microbial in obese patients. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes-ratio was lower in obese samples than in controls and differently from the literature we state that this ratio could not be a biomarker for obesity.