bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient C/N‐Fused Architecture for Narrowband Deep‐Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence
Authors: Patil Vilas Venunath , Lim Junseop , Cho Sung Min , Lee Jun Yeob 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEmitters with high color purity and small full width at half maximum (FWHM) have attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this work, a novel narrow‐emitting thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitter, p‐FLDID, is developed through C/N fusion. The p‐FLDID is developed through core structure modification instead of peripheral substituent engineering. The design approach activates the TADF pathway and regulates emission in the deep‐blue region. The multiresonance (MR) type p‐FLDID emitter exhibits deep‐blue emission with a peak wavelength of 449 nm, FWHM of 26 nm, Stokes shift of 13 nm, and a photoluminescence quantum yield of ≈97%. The rigid structure of p‐FLDID not only restricts the molecular motion of the conjugated backbone structure but also results in a high horizontal emitting dipole orientation of 91%. The fabricated p‐FLDID‐based organic light‐emitting diode exhibits deep blue emission with an external quantum efficiency of 22.0%, a FWHM of 29 nm, and a CIEy of 0.073. The present work demonstrates that high‐efficiency TADF emission with a high‐purity blue color can be realized via C/N fusion.
Current Problems and Solutions for Solar‐Driven Interfacial Distillation from a Practical Perspective
Authors: Xu Ying , Zhang Qian , Ma Jiaxiang , Wang Yu , Xia Yan , Wang Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSolar‐driven interfacial distillation (SDID) is becoming an effective green technology for the treatment and reuse of unconventional water sources in the past few years. However, the established design and detection of SDID systems may involve different problems regarding practical application. Herein, through a series of literature research, this work summarizes the current evaluation parameters of SDID performance and the distilled water quality, highlights the importance of evaporation and distilled water collection rate, emphasizes that volatile organic compounds would become a new pollution feature in evaporation process, and suggests that insoluble salt crystallization and microbial corrosion should be considered during the design phase to ensure the constant use of the solar evaporators.
Melt‐Encoded‐Tags for Expanded Optical Readout in Digital PCR (METEOR‐dPCR) Enables Highly Multiplexed Quantitative Gene Panel Profiling
Authors: Liu Dong Dong , Muliaditan Daniel , Viswanathan Ramya , Cui Xu , Cheow Lih Feng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDigital PCR (dPCR) is an important tool for precise nucleic acid quantification in clinical setting, but the limited multiplexing capability restricts its applications for quantitative gene panel profiling. Here, this work describes melt‐encoded‐tags for expanded optical readout in digital PCR (METEOR‐dPCR), a simple two‐step assay that enables simultaneous quantification of a large panel of arbitrary genes in a dPCR platform. Target genes are quantitatively converted into DNA tags with unique melting temperatures through a ligation approach. These tags are then counted and distinguished by their melt‐curve profiles on a dPCR platform. A multiplexing capacity of M^N, where M is the number of resolvable melting temperature and N is the number of fluorescence channel, can be achieved. This work validates METEOR‐dPCR with simultaneous DNA copy number profiling of 60 targets using dPCR in cancer cells, and demonstrates its sensitivity for estimating tumor fraction in mixed tumor and normal DNA samples. The rapid, quantitative, and highly multiplexed METEOR‐dPCR assay will have wide appeal for many clinical applications.
Longitudinal rates of atrophy and tau accumulation differ between the visual and language variants of atypical Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Sintini Irene , Graff‐Radford Jonathan , Schwarz Christopher G. , Machulda Mary M. , Singh Neha Atulkumar , Carlos Arenn F. , Senjem Matthew L. , Jr Clifford R. Jack , Lowe Val J. , Josephs Keith A. , Whitwell Jennifer L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAtypical variants of Alzheimer's disease (AD) include the visual variant, known as posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), and the language variant, known as logopenic progressive aphasia (LPA). Clinically, rates of disease progression differ between them.METHODSWe evaluated 34 PCA and 29 LPA participants. Structural magnetic resonance imaging and 18F‐flortaucipir positron emission tomography were performed at baseline and at 1‐year follow‐up. Rates of change in tau uptake and grey matter volumes were compared between PCA and LPA with linear mixed‐effects models and voxel‐based analyses.RESULTSPCA had faster rates of occipital atrophy. LPA had faster rates of left temporal atrophy and faster rates of tau accumulation in the parietal, right temporal, and occipital lobes. Age was negatively associated with rates of atrophy and tau accumulation.DISCUSSIONLongitudinal patterns of neuroimaging abnormalities differed between PCA and LPA, although with divergent results for tau accumulation and atrophy.HIGHLIGHTS
The language variant of Alzheimer's disease accumulates tau faster than the visual variant.
Each variant shows faster rates of atrophy than the other in its signature regions.
Age negatively influences rates of atrophy and tau accumulation in both variants.
A Glutathione‐Responsive Luminescence Sensor Based on Dual‐Emissive Persistent Luminescent Nanoparticles for Ratiometric Tumor Imaging
Authors: Gao Xue‐Mei , Gu Tian‐Yue , Chen Ke‐Lin , Zhao Xu , Yan Xiu‐Ping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPersistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNP) have outstanding advantages in low‐background imaging. However, avoiding exogenous interference and false positive signals to achieve precise imaging is still a problem. In addition, it is also a great challenge to intelligently control the size of PLNP. Herein, we report an intelligent luminescence ratiometric sensor based on ultra‐small dual‐emissive PLNP for precise tumor‐targeted imaging. ZnGa2O4:Cr PLNP with a particle size of c.a. 5–10 nm and two emission peaks at 708 nm and 501 nm were firstly synthesized by thermal decomposition method along with systematical controlling the amount of chromium. PLNP‐Mal@Cy5.5 sensor was further constructed with a constant ratio (I708/I501) which is not interfered by exogenous factors such as detection time window and probe concentration. However, high concentrations of glutathione in the tumor microenvironment can specifically trigger the change of I708/I501 and cause the sensor to self‐assemble into clusters at tumor site, thus realizing long‐term retention and specificity imaging.
β‐Carboline Alkaloids Resist the Aggregation and Cytotoxicity of Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide
Authors: Wang Yanan , Huo Yan , Wang Shao , Zheng Ting , Du Weihong 
Published: July 2023

Abstractβ‐Carboline alkaloids have a variety of pharmacological activities, such as antitumor, antibiosis and antidiabetes. Harmine and harmol are two structurally similar β‐carbolines that occur in many medicinal plants. In this work, we chose harmine and harmol to impede the amyloid fibril formation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), by a series of physicochemical and biochemical methods. The results indicate that harmine and harmol effectively prevent peptide fibril formation and alleviate toxic oligomer species. In addition, both small molecules exhibit strong binding affinities with hIAPP mainly through hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions, thus reducing the cytotoxicity induced by hIAPP. Their distinct binding pattern with hIAPP is closely linked to the molecular configuration of the two small molecules, affecting their ability to impede peptide aggregation. The study is of great significance for the application and development of β‐carboline alkaloids against T2DM.
Erosion‐Corrosion of Materials in Industrial Equipment: A Review
Authors: Rao Padmalatha , Mulky Lavanya 
Published: July 2023

AbstractErosion‐corrosion (E−C) is one of the most intense forms of metal degradation observed whenever a static metallic material is in contact with dynamic liquid. Efficiency of industrial plant mainly depends upon the condition of various components of the equipment. Collective mechanism of corrosion and erosion results in severe surface deterioration with heavy material loss due to synergistic effect. Erosion‐corrosion is mainly observed in the pipelines used in oil and gas industries, petroleum industries, heat exchanges and mainly in marine equipment. Free flowing saline water, containing different grades of sand particles adversely affect marine equipment. Numerous reports are available discussing the impact of erosion‐corrosion in chemical industries. Single report documenting all types of prototypes, comparative study of erosion corrosion of various engineering materials and control techniques is highly limited. This review gives vivid account of various types of prototypes, comparative study of erosion‐corrosion of various engineering materials, various factors affecting tribology of system and control techniques is a systematic way. Application of corrosion inhibitors appears to be an effective method to reduce erosion‐corrosion. This review highlights the importance of understanding the mechanism of erosion‐corrosion in industrial equipment and provides a succinct overview of erosion‐corrosion synergism.
Qualitätskontrolle im chemischen Recycling
Authors: Moos Simone Beatrice 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDurch Techniken wie ICP‐OES und die Elementaranalyse kann die Qualität von Ausgangsstoffen und Endprodukten des chemischen Recyclings schnell und einfach kontrolliert werden. Die wichtigsten Elemente sind hierbei Cl, S, N, Na, Si, Fe, Pb, Ca und Hg.
Increased Oxygen Evolution Activity in pH‐Universal Electrocatalyst: Urea‐Modified NiFeCoCN Medium‐Entropy Alloy†
Authors: Lv Hongwei , Ye Zhiguo , Pei Feng , Peng Xinyuan , Huang Juntong , Li Duosheng , Jin Zhong 
Published: July 2023

Comprehensive SummaryThe kinetic process of a slow oxygen evolution reaction (OER) always constrains the efficiency of overall water electrolysis for H2 production. In particular, nonprecious metal electrodes for the OER have difficulty in possessing excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability in pH‐universal media simultaneously. In this work, urea is first used as a pore‐forming agent and active C/N source to fabricate a nanoporous NiFeCoCN medium‐entropy alloy (MEA) by high‐temperature sintering based on the nanoscale Kirkendall effect. The NiFeCoCN MEA achieves an overpotential of 432 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm–2 and a lower Tafel slope of 52.4 mV·dec–1 compared to the IrO2/Ti electrode (58.6 mV·dec–1) in a 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution. In a 1 mol/L KOH solution, the NiFeCoCN MEA obtains an overpotential of 175 mV for 10 mA·cm–2 and a Tafel slope of 40.8 mV·dec–1, which is better than IrO2/Ni foam. This work proves a novel strategy to design and prepare nanoporous MEA materials with desirable C/N species, which provides promising prospects for the industrial production of H2 energy.
A General Enantioselective C−H Arylation Using an Immobilized Recoverable Palladium Catalyst
Authors: Salameh Nihad , Valentini Federica , Baudoin Olivier , Vaccaro Luigi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe herein report a general and efficient enantioselective C−H arylation of aryl bromides based on the use of BozPhos as the bisphosphine ligand and SP‐NHC‐PdII as recoverable heterogeneous catalyst. By exploiting the “release and catch” mechanism of action of the catalytic system, we used BozPhos as a broadly applicable chiral ligand, furnishing high enantioselectivities across all types of examined substrates containing methyl, cyclopropyl and aryl C−H bonds. For each reaction, the reaction scope was investigated, giving rise to 30 enantioenriched products, obtained with high yields and enantioselectivities, and minimal palladium leaching. The developed catalytic system provides a more sustainable solution compared to homogeneous systems for the synthesis of high added‐value chiral products through recycling of the precious metal.
Study of the efficiency of ozone synthesis in a point‐to‐plain discharge in N2–O2 mixtures
Authors: Pugach S. G. , H. V. Taran , D. V. Kudin , Pashchenko I. A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe experimental results of the ozone synthesis and electrodynamic characteristics of the point‐to‐plane DC voltage corona discharge in N2–O2 mixtures at atmospheric pressure are presented. Four different modes of DC corona discharge were investigated: stationary mode of positive point‐to‐plane discharge, two non‐stationary (streamers) modes of positive point‐to‐plane discharge, and mode of negative point‐to‐plane discharge. It was shown that ozone synthesis highly depends on discharge modes and correlates with discharge conditions appropriated to dissociative attachment processes. In the case of positive point‐to‐plane discharge, ozone synthesis behavior is similar to that of the pulse component of the discharge current. It was shown that the mode with secondary streamers propagation is the most effective for ozone production among the four different modes of the point‐to‐plane DC corona discharge.
Sphingid caterpillars conspicuous patches do not function as distractive marks or warning against predators
Authors: Barrone Julia , Vidal Mayra C. , Stevenson Robert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo avoid predation by visual predators, caterpillars can be cryptic to decrease detectability or aposematic to warn predators of potential unpalatability. However, for some species, it is not clear if conspicuous patches are selected to avoid predation. For example, Pandora sphinx (Eumorpha pandorus, Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) caterpillars are assumed to be palatable and have both cryptic (green, brown) and conspicuous (orange, red) color morphs. Five lateral, off‐white to yellow patches on either side may serve as a warning for predators or to draw attention away from the caterpillar's form to function as distractive marks. We conducted a field study in three temperate fragmented forests in Massachusetts to investigate the potential utility of E. pandorus coloration and conspicuous patches. Using four plasticine caterpillar prey model treatments, green and red with and without lateral conspicuous patches, we tested the effects of color, patch patterning, and seasonality on attack rates by a variety of taxa. We found that 43% of the prey models (n = 964) had bite marks by an array of predators including arthropods (67.5%), birds (18.2%), rodents (11.5%), and large mammals (2.8%). Arthropods as dominant predators align with conclusions from previous studies of prey models placed near ground level. Attack rates peaked for arthropods in late August and early September but were more constant across trials for vertebrates. Arthropods, a heterogeneous group, as indicated by the variety of bite marks, showed significantly higher attack rates on green colored prey models and a tendency of higher attack on solid (non‐patch patterned) prey models. Vertebrates, more visually oriented predators, had significantly higher attack rates on red colored prey models and patch patterned prey models. Thus, our results did not suggest that conspicuous patch patterning reduced predation and therefore, we did not find support for the distractive mark hypothesis or warning hypothesis. Further, our study shows clear contrasting interpretations by different predators regarding visual defensive strategies.
Review: Numerical simulation approaches of crystalline‐Si photovoltaics
Authors: Sugiura Takaya , Nakano Nobuhiko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study reviews the current methods of numerical simulations for crystalline‐Si (c‐Si) photovoltaic (PV) cells. The increased demand for PV devices has led to significant improvements in the performance of solar cell devices. The main contribution comes from c‐Si solar cells, which constitute 90% of the industry. Numerical analysis is effective for predicting, developing, and optimizing cell performances as the cell structures become more complex and include several parameters. However, conventional methods cannot simulate improved device structures with complex configurations. Additional physics is necessary to evaluate these cell structures. This study introduces methods for evaluating these cell structures using physical modeling and highlights the latest examples of simulations of c‐Si solar cells.
Content of nitrate and nitrite in commercial and self‐made beetroot juices and the effect of storage temperature
Authors: Bescos Raul , Rollason Mark L. , Davies Tanisha S. , Casas‐Agustench Patricia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPopularity of beetroot juice (BJ) is growing due to its high inorganic nitrate content and its potential physiological benefits. However, the content of is not indicated in most commercial BJs and it can be affected by seasonal changes and storage conditions. This study analyzed the content of and nitrite in five and two commercial and self‐made BJs, respectively, that were purchased in the summer and winter periods. The effect of storage temperature (20°C, 4°C, and −20°C) and pH was also analyzed. In nonconcentrated BJs, the content was 34 ± 20% (p = .075) in the winter than in the summer. was fully degraded in self‐made BJ after 3 days at 20°C. This effect was attenuated by 78% and 82% when it was kept at 4°C and −20°C, respectively. The addition of lemon juice (5%) to self‐made BJ was another useful approach to avoid degradation for 3 days when it was kept at 20°C. Regarding , self‐made BJ had higher concentration (0.097 ± 0.01 mg/mL) compared to commercial BJs (<0.1 mg/mL; p = .001). The pH of self‐made BJ was higher (6.3 ± 0.1) compared to commercial BJs (4.5 ± 0.3; p = .001). These results suggest that the content of in nonconcentrated BJs can substantially differ across the year and this is an important factor to take into account when recommending BJs to promote some of its potential physiological benefits.
The impact of rivastigmine on post‐surgical delirium and cognitive impairment; a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Massoudi Nilofar , Mohit Babak , Fathi Mohammad , Nooraei Navid , Hannani Kia Kazemzadeh , ArianNik Mohsen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDelirium is an acute and transient disorder of brain function that often occurs in post‐surgical patients. Rivastigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor drug that has been proposed as an adjuvant drug in recent years, still, despite significant theoretical evidence, few clinical studies have been performed on its impact on delirium.AimDue to the widespread use of cholinesterase inhibitors in pediatric and adult surgery, the present study aims to investigate the impact of Rivastigmine as a cholinesterase inhibitor on delirium after radical surgery.MethodsIn this randomized double‐blind clinical trial, a hundred recruited patients were randomly assigned to either Rivastigmine (n = 50) or placebo (n = 50) groups, and we measured post‐operative impact on delirium, by Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) score, and cognitive impairment, by the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE). Our univariate and multivariate logistical regression models assessed this hypothesized impact.ResultsTreatment with Rivastigmine was significantly associated with reduced day one post‐op delirium, as measured by CAM score (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.35, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.11 to 0.97, p = 0.05), and cognitive impairment, as measured by MMSE (OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.59, p = 0.0022). These associations became stronger after controlling for age, blood loss, and post‐op blood sodium levels: Delirium (OR = 0.23, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.92, p = 0.05), cognitive impairment (OR = 0.12, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.42, p = 0.000178).ConclusionThe significant result of our randomized clinical trial is that pre‐op Rivastigmine treatment may be associated with a substantial drop in patients experiencing post‐op delirium and post‐op cognitive impairment.
Epidemiologic transition of lung cancer mortality in Italy by sex, province of residence and birth cohort (1920‐1929 to 1960‐1969)
Authors: Catelan Dolores , Biggeri Annibale , Bucchi Lauro , Manno Valerio , Pappagallo Marilena , Stoppa Giorgia , Grippo Francesco , Frova Luisa , Zamagni Federica , Crialesi Roberta , Minelli Giada 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpace‐time analysis of mortality risk is useful to evaluate the epidemiologic transitions at the subnational level. In our study, we analysed the death certificate records for lung cancer in Italy in 1995‐2016, obtained from the Italian National Institute of Statistics. Our objective was to investigate the spatial‐temporal evolution of lung cancer mortality by sex and province of residence (n = 107) using the birth cohort as relevant time axis. We built Bayesian space‐time models with space‐time interactions. Among males (n = 554 829), mortality peaked in the 1920‐1929 cohort, followed by a generalised decline. Among females (n = 158 619), we found novel original evidence for a peak in the 1955‐1964 cohort, equivalent to a 35‐year delay, with a downward trend being observed thereafter. Over time, the documented north‐south decreasing mortality gradient has been replaced by a west‐east decreasing gradient. Naples has become the province at highest risk in Italy, both among males and females. This pattern is consistent with an epidemiologic transition of risk factors for lung cancer to the south‐west of the country and raises concern, because 5‐year age‐standardised net survival from the disease in this geographic area is lower than in northern and central Italy. The variability of mortality rates among provinces has changed over time, with an increasing homogeneity for males and an opposite trend for females in the more recent birth cohorts. These unprecedented observations provide evidence for a profound spatio‐temporal transition of lung cancer mortality in Italy.
In France, the organization of perinatal care has a direct influence on the outcome of the mother and the newborn: Contribution from a French nationwide study
Authors: Levaillant Mathieu , Garabédian Charles , Legendre Guillaume , Soula Julien , Hamel Jean‐François , Vallet Benoît , Lamer Antoine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate maternal and neonatal outcomes after a delivery in France in 2019, according to hospital characteristics and the impact of distance and time of travel on mother and newborn.MethodsAll parturients above 18 years of age who delivered in 2019 and were identified in the French health insurance database were included, with their newborns, in this retrospective cohort study. Main outcome measures were Severe Maternal Morbidity score and the Neonatal Adverse Outcome Indicator (NAOI).ResultsAmong the 733 052 pregnancies included, 10 829 presented a severe maternal morbidity (1.48%) and 77 237 had a neonatal adverse outcome (10.4%). Factors associated with an unfavorable maternal or neonatal outcome were Obstetric Comorbidity Index, primiparity, and cesarean or instrumental delivery. Prematurity was associated with less severe maternal morbidity but more neonatal adverse outcomes. Time of travel above 30 min was associated with a higher NAOI rate.ConclusionsResults suggest the efficiency of regionalization of perinatal care in France, although a difference in both outcomes persists according to unit volume, suggesting the need for a further step in concentrating perinatal care. Perinatal care organization should focus on mapping the territory with high‐level, high‐volume maternity throughout the territory; this suggests closing down high‐volume units and improving low‐volume ones to maintain coherent mapping.