bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural Seismic Performance of Prefabricated Steel Plate Shear Wall with High Energy Dissipation
Authors: Ma Xiaofei , Yu Yinquan , Wang Zhe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChina is located at the intersection of the Pacific Rim seismic belt and the Alpine Mountain-Himalayan seismic belt. Earthquakes occur frequently and with high intensity in China, and the structural damage caused by earthquakes leads to huge casualties and serious economic losses. Steel plate shear wall exhibits satisfying seismic performance which is the key to its application in high-rise buildings and high intensity areas. Meanwhile, the industrialization of new construction requires prefabricated steel plate shear wall structure. In this paper, a kind of prefabricated steel plate shear wall with high energy dissipation is proposed. The finite element study on the seismic performance of the prefabricated steel plate shear wall under low cyclic load was carried out by varying the width-to-thickness ratio of steel connecting plate belt and width-to-thickness ratio of ring damper. The failure modes, hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation and displacement ductility coefficients were analyzed. The results showed that the hysteretic curves of the prefabricated steel plate shear wall are relatively full under low cyclic load, and the displacement ductility coefficients are above 8. It is noted that the seismic performance of the prefabricated steel plate shear wall is advantageous. It is suggested that width-to-thickness ratio of the steel connecting plate belt and the width-to-thickness ratio of the ring damper are 3.75 for engineering practice.
Causal factors underlying diabetes risk informed by Mendelian randomisation analysis: evidence, opportunities and challenges
Authors: Yuan Shuai , Merino Jordi , Larsson Susanna C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDiabetes and its complications cause a heavy disease burden globally. Identifying exposures, risk factors and molecular processes causally associated with the development of diabetes can provide important evidence bases for disease prevention and spur novel therapeutic strategies. Mendelian randomisation (MR), an epidemiological approach that uses genetic instruments to infer causal associations between an exposure and an outcome, can be leveraged to complement evidence from observational and clinical studies. This narrative review aims to summarise the evidence on potential causal risk factors for diabetes by integrating published MR studies on type 1 and 2 diabetes, and to reflect on future perspectives of MR studies on diabetes. Despite the genetic influence on type 1 diabetes, few MR studies have been conducted to identify causal exposures or molecular processes leading to increased disease risk. In type 2 diabetes, MR analyses support causal associations of somatic, mental and lifestyle factors with development of the disease. These studies have also identified biomarkers, some of them derived from the gut microbiota, and molecular processes leading to increased disease risk. These studies provide valuable data to better understand disease pathophysiology and explore potential therapeutic targets. Because genetic association studies have mostly been restricted to participants of European descent, multi-ancestry cohorts are needed to examine the role of different types of physical activity, dietary components, metabolites, protein biomarkers and gut microbiome in diabetes development.
Graphical abstract
Towers, mad families, and unboundedness
Authors: Fischer Vera , Koelbing Marlene , Wohofsky Wolfgang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe show that Hechler’s forcings for adding a tower and for adding a mad family can be represented as finite support iterations of Mathias forcings with respect to filters and that these filters are $${\mathcal {B}}$$
B
-Canjar for any countably directed unbounded family $${\mathcal {B}}$$
B
of the ground model. In particular, they preserve the unboundedness of any unbounded scale of the ground model. Moreover, we show that $${\mathfrak {b}}=\omega _1$$

b
=

ω
1

in every extension by the above forcing notions.
Diagnosis and management of mineral and bone disorders in infants with CKD: clinical practice points from the ESPN CKD-MBD and Dialysis working groups and the Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce
Authors: Bacchetta Justine , Schmitt Claus Peter , Bakkaloglu Sevcan A. , Cleghorn Shelley , Leifheit-Nestler Maren , Prytula Agnieszka , Ranchin Bruno , Schön Anne , Stabouli Stella , Van de Walle Johan , Vidal Enrico , Haffner Dieter , Shroff Rukshana 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Infants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) form a vulnerable population who are highly prone to mineral and bone disorders (MBD) including biochemical abnormalities, growth retardation, bone deformities, and fractures. We present a position paper on the diagnosis and management of CKD-MBD in infants based on available evidence and the opinion of experts from the European Society for Paediatric Nephrology (ESPN) CKD-MBD and Dialysis working groups and the Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce.

Methods
PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes) questions were generated, and relevant literature searches performed covering a population of infants below 2 years of age with CKD stages 2–5 or on dialysis. Clinical practice points (CPPs) were developed and leveled using the American Academy of Pediatrics grading matrix. A Delphi consensus approach was followed.

Results
We present 34 CPPs for diagnosis and management of CKD-MBD in infants, including dietary control of calcium and phosphate, and medications to prevent and treat CKD-MBD (native and active vitamin D, calcium supplementation, phosphate binders).

Conclusion
As there are few high-quality studies in this field, the strength of most statements is weak to moderate, and may need to be adapted to individual patient needs by the treating physician. Research recommendations to study key outcome measures in this unique population are suggested.

Graphical Abstract
Feasibility of an embedded palliative care clinic model for patients with an advanced thoracic malignancy
Authors: Bertino Erin M. , Grogan Madison M. , Benedict Jason A. , Agne Julia L. , Janse Sarah , Eastep Christine , Sullivan Diana , Gast Kelly C. , Naughton Michelle J. , Presley Carolyn J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Early palliative care (PC) with standard oncology care has demonstrated improved patient outcomes, but multiple care delivery models are utilized. This study prospectively evaluated the feasibility of an embedded PC clinic model and collected patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and caregiver needs.

Methods
In this observational study of embedded outpatient PC for patients with advanced thoracic malignancies treated at The Ohio State University Thoracic Oncology clinic, patients received same-day coordinated oncology and palliative care visits at one clinic location. PC encounters included comprehensive symptom assessment and management, advanced care planning, and goals of care discussion. Multiple study assessments were utilized. We describe the feasibility of evaluating PROs and caregiver needs in an embedded PC model.

Results
Forty patients and 28 caregivers were enrolled. PROs were collected at baseline and follow-up visits. Over a 12-month follow-up, 36 patients discontinued study participation due to hospice enrollment, death, study withdrawal, or COVID restrictions. At baseline, 32 patients (80%) rated distress as moderate-severe with clinically significant depression (44%) and anxiety (36%). Survey completion rates significantly decreased over time: 3 months (24 eligible, 66% completed), 6 months (17 eligible; 41% completed), 9 months (9 eligible; 44% completed), and 12 months (4 eligible; 50% completed).

Conclusion
We found that an embedded PC clinic was feasible, although there were challenges encountered in longitudinal collection of PROs due to high study attrition. Ongoing assessment and expansion of this embedded PC model will continue to identify strengths and challenges to improve patient and caregiver outcomes.
Imaging of intracranial aneurysms in animals: a systematic review of modalities
Authors: Cayron Anne F. , Morel Sandrine , Allémann Eric , Bijlenga Philippe , Kwak Brenda R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntracranial
aneurysm (IA) animal models are paramount to study IA pathophysiology and to test new endovascular treatments. A number of in vivo imaging modalities are available to characterize IAs at different stages of development in these animal models. This review describes existing in vivo imaging techniques used so far to visualize IAs in animal models. We systematically searched for studies containing in vivo imaging of induced IAs in animal models in PubMed and SPIE Digital library databases between 1 January 1945 and 13 July 2022. A total of 170 studies were retrieved and reviewed in detail, and information on the IA animal model, the objective of the study, and the imaging modality used was collected. A variety of methods to surgically construct or endogenously induce IAs in animals were identified, and 88% of the reviewed studies used surgical methods. The large majority of IA imaging in animals was performed for 4 reasons: basic research for IA models, testing of new IA treatment modalities, research on IA in vivo imaging of IAs, and research on IA pathophysiology. Six different imaging techniques were identified: conventional catheter angiography, computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, hemodynamic imaging, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescence imaging. This review presents and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of all in vivo IA imaging techniques used in animal models to help future IA studies finding the most appropriate IA imaging modality and animal model to answer their research question.
Early Surgery: Le Fort I Advancement in a 6-Year-Old Patient—A Therapeutic Approach Using a Modified Le Fort I Osteotomy
Authors: Kater Wolfgang , Trommlitz Martin , Karnaus Dorian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrthognathic surgery in young patients before completion of skeletal growth is still sharply discussed today. In the following case report of a 6-year-old patient, however, there was a vital indication for treatment. The main clinical symptoms were characterized by impaired hearing as a result of constantly recurring seromucotympanum and adenoids, persistent rhinorrhea and otorrhea, chronic tonsillitis and chronic otitis media. ENT interventions such as the partial C-tonsillectomy, paracentesis with tympanic drainage, adenotomy and tube dilation with balloon catheter did not bring lasting success. Despite antibiotic therapy with aminopenicillins and cephalosporins in ß-hemolytic streptococci, no improvement in the symptoms could ultimately be achieved, so that there was a life-threatening risk of endocarditis with previous pulmonary valve replacement. In our orthognathic consultation, a maxillary retrognathism with a frontal crossbite was diagnosed. With an interdisciplinary consideration of the risks and side effects, an early surgical treatment in the sense of an upper jaw advancement with dilatation of the airways and evacuation of the maxillary sinuses was carried out. The operative challenge consisted of determining an ideal osteotomy line so as not to damage permanent tooth structures. Furthermore, the patient and his family had to understand the expected outcomes, potential risks, and possible complications that might arise from early surgical interventions, such as a subsequent maxillary growth discrepancy. After successful surgery the patient could already be discharged on the 2nd postoperative day and soon no longer showed any complaints or symptoms with regard to the tube ventilation disorder and the seromucotympanum—also no dental or skeletal recurrence has been evident up to now. With 25 years of experience in “Early surgery,” we have learned that orthognathic operations in children and adolescents might have decisive effects on life quality.
Interstitiële cystitis, voorbij BPS/IC. Etiologie, epidemiologie en klinische presentatie. Een overzicht vanuit praktijk en literatuur
Authors: Weidenaar Alida C. , Schout Barbara M. A. , Glas Afina S. 
Published: February 2023

SamenvattingInterstitiële cystitis (IC) is een inflammatoire aandoening van de blaas, gekenmerkt door de zogenaamde Hunnerse laesies die worden gezien bij cystoscopie, en een typisch histopathologisch beeld. De symptomen zijn meestal heftig, vooral pijn in de blaasstreek bij vullen van de blaas en vaak moeten plassen. Er is geen genezende behandeling. Ablatie van de laesies vermindert meestal tijdelijk de klachten. IC kan leiden tot een verminderde blaascapaciteit met uiteindelijk een afvloedbelemmering van de nieren. Jarenlang werd het ziektebeeld onder het blaas(bekken)pijnsyndroom (BPS) geschaard vanwege de overeenkomstige symptomen, zoals pijn bij vullen van de blaas en vaak plassen. De laatste jaren is duidelijk geworden dat IC een aparte ziekte-entiteit is. De oorzaak van IC is nog onbekend, maar algemeen aangenomen wordt dat IC berust op een stoornis in het immuunsysteem.
Comparing SARS-CoV-2 variants among children and adolescents in Germany: relative risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization, ICU admission and mortality
Authors: Jank Marietta , Oechsle Anna-Lisa , Armann Jakob , Behrends Uta , Berner Reinhard , Chao Cho-Ming , Diffloth Natalie , Doenhardt Maren , Hansen Gesine , Hufnagel Markus , Lander Fabian , Liese Johannes G. , Muntau Ania C. , Niehues Tim , von Both Ulrich , Verjans Eva , Weil Katharina , von Kries Rüdiger , Schroten Horst 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
SARS-CoV-2 infections cause COVID-19 and have a wide spectrum of morbidity. Severe disease courses among children are rare. To date, data on the variability of morbidity in relation to variant of concern (VOC) in children has been sparse and inconclusive. We compare the clinical severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and adolescents in Germany during the Wildtype and Alpha combined, Delta and Omicron phases of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Comparing risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death due to COVID-19 in children and adolescents, we used: (1) a multi-center seroprevalence study (SARS-CoV-2-KIDS study); (2) a nationwide registry of pediatric patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infections; and (3) compulsory national reporting for RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in Germany.

Results
During the Delta predominant phase, risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization among all SARS-CoV-2 seropositive children was 3.35, ICU admission 1.19 and fatality 0.09 per 10,000; hence about halved for hospitalization and ICU admission and unchanged for deaths as compared to the Wildtype- and Alpha-dominant period. The relative risk for COVID-19-related hospitalization and ICU admission compared to the alpha period decreased during Delta [0.60 (95% CI 0.54; 0.67) and 0.51 (95% CI 0.42; 0.61)] and Omicron [0.27 (95% CI 0.24; 0.30) and 0.06 (95% CI 0.05; 0.08)] period except for the < 5-year-olds. The rate of case fatalities decreased slightly during Delta, and substantially during Omicron phase.

Conclusion
Morbidity caused by SARS-CoV-2 infections among children and adolescents in Germany decreased over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, as different VOCs) emerged.
Predict, diagnose, and treat chronic kidney disease with machine learning: a systematic literature review
Authors: Sanmarchi Francesco , Fanconi Claudio , Golinelli Davide , Gori Davide , Hernandez-Boussard Tina , Capodici Angelo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
In this systematic review we aimed at assessing how artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) techniques have been deployed to predict, diagnose, and treat chronic kidney disease (CKD). We systematically reviewed the available evidence on these innovative techniques to improve CKD diagnosis and patient management.

Methods
We included English language studies retrieved from PubMed. The review is therefore to be classified as a “rapid review”, since it includes one database only, and has language restrictions; the novelty and importance of the issue make missing relevant papers unlikely. We extracted 16 variables, including: main aim, studied population, data source, sample size, problem type (regression, classification), predictors used, and performance metrics. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) approach; all main steps were done in duplicate.

Results
From a total of 648 studies initially retrieved, 68 articles met the inclusion criteria.
Models, as reported by authors, performed well, but the reported metrics were not homogeneous across articles and therefore direct comparison was not feasible. The most common aim was prediction of prognosis, followed by diagnosis of CKD. Algorithm generalizability, and testing on diverse populations was rarely taken into account. Furthermore, the clinical evaluation and validation of the models/algorithms was perused; only a fraction of the included studies, 6 out of 68, were performed in a clinical context.

Conclusions
Machine learning is a promising tool for the prediction of risk, diagnosis, and therapy management for CKD patients. Nonetheless, future work is needed to address the interpretability, generalizability, and fairness of the models to ensure the safe application of such technologies in routine clinical practice.

Graphical abstract
Biogenic Mg doped CeO2 nanoparticles via Hibiscus sabdariffa and its potential biological applications
Authors: Alghamdi Abdullah A. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCancer and inflammation are important challenges and leading causes of death worldwide. Development of nanomaterial based therapeutic compounds obtained from natural products is thought to be a pillar in drug discovery. The present research describes the cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of cerium oxide (CeO2) and magnesium (Mg) doped CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs). Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) flower extract is used to bio-fabricate Mg doped CeO2 nanoparticles in an eco-friendly and cost-effective manner. The morphological and structural characteristics of the bioengineered CeO2 and Mg doped CeO2 NPs were investigated using complementary characterization techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with Electron Dispersive X-rays Spectroscopy (EDS). SEM analysis showed that the NPs possess spherical shape and particle size of around 100 nm. The cytotoxicity results demonstrated that CeO2 and Mg doped CeO2 NPs caused potent toxicity on MCF-7, HepG2 and A-549 cancer cells. The highest toxicity was observed in A-549 cells with an IC50 = 79.19 ± 3.07 µg/mL and maximum cell inhibition of ~ 96%. Furthermore, Mg doped CeO2 NPs also depicted DPPH and H2O2 scavenging potential with maximum % of inhibition = 79.43 ± 1.51 and 72.43 ± 1.51 respectively at 1000 µg/mL. Interestingly, these NPs inhibited inflammatory markers, COX-1 enzyme with IC50 = 25.98 ± 1.76 µg/mL and protein denaturation with IC50= 14.85 ± 0.97 µg/mL, respectively. The outcome of the present study revealed that the biosynthesized Mg doped CeO2 NPs using HS flower extract possess promising biomedical potential.
An effective environmental enrichment framework for the continual improvement of production animal welfare
Authors: Taylor Peta S , Schrobback Peggy , Verdon Megan , Lee Caroline 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Substrates and objects are provided to farm animals on the assumption that they improve animal welfare by enriching the environment, but these often fail to consider the extent to which an environmental enrichment (EE) improves animal welfare, if at all. Furthermore, there are numerous definitions of EE, each with a unique expectation. If expectations of animal welfare improvement are set too high, industry uptake may be thwarted, but if thresholds are set too low it will not result in meaningful improvements to animal welfare. We propose an EE framework based on revised definitions of EE that reflect improvements to various components of animal welfare: (i) pseudo-enrichment; (ii) EE for meeting basic needs; (iii) EE for pleasure; and (iv) EE for positive welfare balance. This framework requires short- and long-term assessments to determine the impact of the EE, although many are lacking in the production animal literature. Redefining EE with a focus on specific animal welfare outcomes will assist producers in identifying the optimal EE for their enterprise. Subsequently, we encourage dialogue between farmers, researchers and industry stakeholders when designing environmental enrichment programmes. This framework is a science-based tool that can be used to inform the development of clear EE assessment protocols and requirements for animal welfare legislation, assurance programmes and industry. This evidence-based framework ensures that the focus is on the outcome of EE programmes rather than the intent. Importantly, this framework has the flexibility to adapt even as baseline environments evolve, ensuring the continual improvement to production animal welfare.
Adherence to Infection Prevention and Control Measures Among Health-Care Workers Serving in COVID-19 Treatment Centers in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Mustafa Zia Ul , Majeed Hafiza Kiran , Latif Shaiza , Salman Muhammad , Hayat Khezar , Mallhi Tauqeer Hussain , Khan Yusra Habib , Khan Amer Hayat , Abubakar Usman , Sultana Kishwar , Godman Brian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are easily adoptable activities to prevent the spread of infection to patients as well as among health-care workers (HCWs).

Methods:
This cross-sectional study evaluated the adherence to IPC measures among HCWs working at coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment centers in Punjab, Pakistan. HCWs were recruited by means of convenient sampling through Google Form® using the World Health Organization risk assessment tool. All data were analyzed using SPSS 20.

Results:
A total of 414 HCWs completed the survey (response rate = 67.8%), and majority of them were males (56.3%). Most of the HCWs were nurses (39.6%) followed by medical doctors (27.3%). Approximately 53% reported insufficiency of personal protective equipment (PPE), 58.2% did not receive IPC training and 40.8% did not have functional IPC team at their health facilities. The majority of HCWs (90%) used disposable gloves and N95 facemasks while interacting with COVID-19 patients. Nearly 45% used protective face shields and gowns before providing care to their patients. Hand hygiene practices while touching, and performing any aseptic procedure was adopted by 70.5% and 74.1% of HCWs, respectively.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, the adherence to IPC measures among Pakistani HCWs working in COVID-19 treatment centers is good despite the limited availability of PPEs. Their practices can be optimized by establishing institutional IPC teams, periodic provision of IPC training, and necessary PPE.