bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solution‐Processed AgSbS2 Thin Films for Photodetection
Authors: Bai Songxue , Li Ruiming , Yang Yujie , Jia Zhenglin , Yu Bin , Liu Yong , Yao Fang , Huang Huiming , Lin Qianqian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTernary chalcogenide, silver antimony sulfide (AgSbS2), has emerged with great potential for optoelectronic applications, thanks to its excellent optical properties, facile processability and superior stability. However, high‐performance AgSbS2‐based photodiodes have not been realized mainly due to the large dark current caused by the poor morphology and device leakage. Here, compact AgSbS2 and porous AgSbS2 thin films are fabricated mainly via modulating the sol–gel processes of the precursors. After optimizing the Ag content and the thermal annealing temperature of the AgSbS2 films, AgSbS2 photodiodes with excellent performance metrics, including low dark current density, decent specific detectivity, and superior stability, are achieved. Furthermore, the optimized AgSbS2‐based photodetectors are also introduced for heart rate detection, which exhibit excellent sensitivity and great potential for real applications.
Business group affiliation and corporate sustainability performance in emerging economies: Evidence from South Korea
Authors: Lee Ki‐Hoon , Shin Donghoon , Lee Minwoo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDoes business group (BG) affiliation enhance corporate sustainability performance (CSP) in emerging economies? This paper focuses on the unique roles of BG affiliation in enhancing CSP amid increasing institutional pressures for more contributions to the society and stakeholders. The empirical evidence on the relationship between BG affiliation and CSP is inconclusive. Although BGs effectively insulate their affiliate firms from external shocks and pressures by internalizing various resources, they are vulnerable to institutional pressures for enhanced CSP. We argue that BG affiliates tend to have higher CSP than their non‐affiliated counterparts because their unique roles and history of BG development in emerging economies exert stronger institutional pressures on them. However, affiliate centrality and foreign ownership reduce the positive effect of BG affiliation on CSP in emerging economies because BG firms can exercise agency in response to institutional pressures.
Escherichia coli aceE variants coding pyruvate dehydrogenase improve the generation of pyruvate‐derived acetoin
Authors: Moxley W. Chris , Brown Rachel E. , Eiteman Mark A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeveral chromosomally expressed AceE variants were constructed in Escherichia coli ΔldhA ΔpoxB ΔppsA and compared using glucose as the sole carbon source. These variants were examined in shake flask cultures for growth rate, pyruvate accumulation, and acetoin production via heterologous expression of the budA and budB genes from Enterobacter cloacae ssp. dissolvens. The best acetoin‐producing strains were subsequently studied in controlled batch culture at the one‐liter scale. PDH variant strains attained up to four‐fold greater acetoin than the strain expressing the wild‐type PDH. In a repeated batch process, the H106V PDH variant strain attained over 43 g/L of pyruvate‐derived products, acetoin (38.5 g/L) and 2R,3R‐butanediol (5.0 g/L), corresponding to an effective concentration of 59 g/L considering the dilution. The acetoin yield from glucose was 0.29 g/g with a volumetric productivity of 0.9 g/L·h (0.34 g/g and 1.0 g/L·h total products). The results demonstrate a new tool in pathway engineering, the modification of a key metabolic enzyme to improve the formation of a product via a kinetically slow, introduced pathway. Direct modification of the pathway enzyme offers an alternative to promoter engineering in cases where the promoter is involved in a complex regulatory network.
The effect of ice cover on velocity and shear stress in a riffle‐pool sequence
Authors: Smith Karine , Cockburn Jaclyn , Villard Paul V. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDischarge and channel geometry control velocity and bed shear stress within a reach. Channel roughness (e.g., riffles, pools) and ice cover in winter moderates velocity and shear stress at the bed. This study evaluated velocity profiles across a channel segment with variable bed roughness (e.g., riffles, pools) to determine changes in the position of maximum velocity, maximum velocity magnitude, and resulting bed shear stress estimates when ice cover was present. Using acoustic doppler velocimeter (ADV) and acoustic doppler current profiler (ADCP) high resolution velocity profiles were collected during ice cover, open water, and open water with significant increases in vegetation cover through a riffle‐pool sequence in a low‐order channel in southern Ontario Canada in the first half of 2021. Key findings were that in five of the seven cross‐sections, flow direction was significantly different when ice was present. Additionally, maximum velocities were closer to the bed during ice cover, a common finding in modelling and experimental work, and is confirmed in this field setting. Although maximum velocity magnitudes were not significantly different, derived bed shear stress values under ice were larger. Specifically, under ice conditions, riffle bed shear stress ranged 0–16 N/m2 compared to 0–9 N/m2 in ice free conditions. In the pool, bed shear stress ranged 0–6 N/m2 under ice cover, and 0–5 N/m2 in ice free conditions. Further, as flow levels increased through the spring and summer, this coincided with increased in‐stream vegetation cover, which decreased flow velocities near the bed, and thus decreased bed shear stresses to less than 1 N/m2 in both the riffle and pool sections. The findings indicate that channel evolution processes may be more intense during lower‐stage winter flows when ice is present and has significant implications for channel design, restoration and management strategies used in small channels impacted by ice cover.
A hybrid deep neural network‐based automated diagnosis system using x‐ray images and clinical findings
Authors: Aydogan Murat 
Published: January 2023

AbstractImage‐based computer‐aided diagnosis systems are frequently utilized to detect vital disorders. These systems consist of methods based on machine learning and work on data obtained from imaging technologies such as x‐rays, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. In addition to image data, clinical findings usually consist of text data that have a critical role in diagnosing diseases. In this study, an effective classification approach that can automatically detect diseases using a deep learning algorithm is proposed. A clinically usable deep machine‐learning model is presented with an approach based on the hybrid use of image processing and text processing methods. Although image‐processing techniques are used frequently in the literature by using images, text processing techniques are not often used in this field. The proposed method was evaluated on a dataset consisting of x‐ray images of subjects with and without Covid‐19 disease and their clinical notes. When the dataset was classified using image processing and text processing techniques accuracy values were obtained as 90.9% and 92.0% respectively. With the hybrid approach proposed in this study, the classification performance was increased and an accuracy value of 93.5% was obtained.
Food and drug industry applications of microalgae Spirulina platensis: A review
Authors: Maddiboyina Balaji , Vanamamalai Hari Krishna , Roy Harekrishna , Ramaiah  , Gandhi Sivaraman , Kavisri M. , Moovendhan Meivelu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSpirulina platensis is a photosynthetic, blue‐green, spiral‐ or bulb‐shaped microalgae. Due to the presence of minerals, vitamins, pigments (carotenes, phycocyanin and chlorophyll) proteins (55%–70%), carbohydrates (15%–25%), and essential fatty acids (5%–8%), it has been used as a nutritional supplement for decades. NASA successfully employed it as a nutritional supplement for astronauts on space missions then its popularity was increased. The chemical composition of Spirulina, which is rich in vitamins, minerals, phenolics, vital fatty acids, amino acids, and pigments, can be beneficial to human health when incorporated into meals. The pharmacological effects include antibacterial, anticancer, metalloprotective, immune‐stimulating, and antioxidant. It modulates immunological activities and possesses anti‐inflammatory qualities by preventing mast cells from releasing histamine. Due to its high quantity of protein, carbohydrate, lipid, vital amino and fatty acids, dietary minerals and vitamins, Spirulina exerts the abovementioned benefits. In this review, up‐to‐date and possible biological aspects, patents applied on Spirulina and heights of confirmation are addressed, and the extent of current and future exploration is also explored.
The Pathogenesis of Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia: Current Concepts
Authors: Li Zi‐yi , Tian Wo‐tu , Huang Xiao‐jun , Cao Li 
Published: January 2023

AbstractParoxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a movement disorder characterized by recurrent and transient episodes of involuntary movements, including dystonia, chorea, ballism, or a combination of these, which are typically triggered by sudden voluntary movement. Disturbance of the basal ganglia‐thalamo‐cortical circuit has long been considered the cause of involuntary movements. Impairment of the gating function of the basal ganglia can cause an aberrant output toward the thalamus, which in turn leads to excessive activation of the cerebral cortex. Structural and functional abnormalities in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and cortex and abnormal connections between these brain regions have been found in patients with PKD. Recent studies have highlighted the role of the cerebellum in PKD. Insufficient suppression from the cerebellar cortex to the deep cerebellar nuclei could lead to overexcitation of the thalamocortical pathway. Therefore, this literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research progress to explore the neural circuits and pathogenesis of PKD and promote further understanding and outlook on the pathophysiological mechanism of movement disorders. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Oncolytic virotherapy using neural stem cells as a novel treatment option for glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Ahmed Tanvir 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe most deadly and aggressive form of brain cancer is called a glioblastoma multiforme. Following diagnosis, the median duration of survival is only 14 months. It is imperative to develop cutting‐edge therapeutic options because the results of conventional treatments are so poor. Replication‐competent oncolytic viruses and replication‐deficient viral vectors can be used to treat malignant tumors, an idea that has been around for more than a century. Cancer cells can be eliminated by any class. Oncolytic viruses are created with the specific purpose of locating, attacking, and multiplying in cancerous cells while bypassing normal brain tissue. Because of this, the viruses can kill tumors while protecting healthy brain cells. Getting the oncolytic virus reach tumor locations where it is needed is the biggest challenge. If neural stem cells were used as carrier cells to deliver oncolytic viruses to the right tumor locations, glioblastoma multiforme virotherapy will be significantly more efficient. The most recent advancements in the field of utilizing neural stem cells to deliver oncolytic viruses into glioblastoma tumors are the main focus of this review.
Design and performance evaluation of a slit‐slat camera for 2D prompt gamma imaging in proton therapy monitoring: A Monte Carlo simulation study
Authors: Malekzadeh Etesam , Rajabi Hossein , Tajik‐Mansoury Mohammad Ali , Sabouri Pouya , Fiorina Elisa , Kalantari Faraz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeWe investigated the design of a prompt gamma camera for real‐time dose delivery verification and the partial mitigation of range uncertainties.MethodsA slit slat (SS) camera was optimized using the trade‐off between the signal‐to‐noise ratio and spatial resolution. Then, using the GATE Monte Carlo package, the camera performances were estimated by means of target shifts, beam position quantification, changing the camera distance from the beam, and air cavity inserting. A homogeneous PMMA phantom and the air gaps induced PMMA phantom were used. The air gaps ranged from 5 mm to 30 mm by 5 mm increments were positioned in the middle of the beam range. To reduce the simulation time, phase space scoring was used. The batch method with five realizations was used for stochastic error calculations.ResultsThe system's detection efficiency was PGs/proton) for a 10 × 20 cm2 detector (source‐to‐collimator distance = 15.0 cm). Axial and transaxial resolutions were 23 mm and 18 mm, respectively. The SS camera estimated the range as 69.0 ± 3.4 (relative stochastic error 1‐sigma is 5%) and 67.6 ± 1.8 mm (2.6%) for the real range of 67.0 mm for 107 and 108 protons of 100 MeV, respectively. Considering 160 MeV, these values are 155.5 ± 3.1 (2%) and 152.2 ± 2.0 mm (1.3%) for the real range of 152.0 mm for 107 and 108 protons, respectively. Considering phantom shift, for a 100 MeV beam, the precision of the quantification (1‐sigma) in the axial and lateral phantom shift estimation is 2.6 mm and 1 mm, respectively. Accordingly, the axial and lateral quantification precisions were 1.3 mm and 1 mm for a 160 MeV beam, respectively. Furthermore, the quantification of an air gap formulated as , where and gapreal are the estimated and real air gap, respectively. The precision of the air gap quantification is 1.6 mm (1 sigma). Moreover, 2D PG images show the trajectory of the proton beam through the phantom.ConclusionThe proposed slit‐slat imaging systems can potentially provide a real‐time, in‐vivo, and non‐invasive treatment monitoring method for proton therapy.
Trendbericht Anorganische Chemie 2023: Hauptgruppen
Authors: Heift Dominikus , Fischer Malte 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHauptgruppen: Erdalkalimetalle werden in der Kugelmühle in die Mangel genommen; eine etablierte Aluminium(I)‐Verbindung bekommt ein facettenreiches Add‐On; ein Bismut‐Radikalgenerator schmeißt den Turbo an, und SO2+‐Ionen spalten C‐F‐Bindungen. Nebengruppen, Bioanorganik und Koordinationschemie: Der erste in Lösung beobachtbare σ‐Methankomplex; Rekorde für die Magnetisches‐Blocking‐Temperatur; Titan hilft, Ethylen in terminale Olefine einzubauen, und Erkenntnisse, was ein Austausch von Schwefel gegen Selen in Enzymen bewirkt.
Trendbericht Anorganische Chemie 2023: Nebengruppen, Bioanorganik und Koordinationschemie
Authors: Werncke Gunnar , Kreidt Elisabeth 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHauptgruppen: Erdalkalimetalle werden in der Kugelmühle in die Mangel genommen; eine etablierte Aluminium(I)‐Verbindung bekommt ein facettenreiches Add‐On; ein Bismut‐Radikalgenerator schmeißt den Turbo an, und SO2+‐Ionen spalten C‐F‐Bindungen. Nebengruppen, Bioanorganik und Koordinationschemie: Der erste in Lösung beobachtbare σ‐Methankomplex; Rekorde für die Magnetisches‐Blocking‐Temperatur; Titan hilft, Ethylen in terminale Olefine einzubauen, und Erkenntnisse, was ein Austausch von Schwefel gegen Selen in Enzymen bewirkt.
A custom arc‐length Finite Element solver for large deformation adhesive contacts using a k‐d tree accelerated volumetric interaction scheme
Authors: Roy Suprateek , Sundaram Narayan K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a Finite Element framework for large deformation adhesive contact between elastic bodies based on volume‐to‐volume interaction. A key component of this framework is a novel, customized arc‐length algorithm designed to follow the solution path through multiple snap‐through and snap‐back instabilities. Another new component is a k‐d tree based algorithm which significantly accelerates the computationally expensive volume‐to‐volume interaction calculations. This optimized Finite Element framework is then used to solve two‐body and three‐body elastic adhesive contact problems with realistic material and interaction parameters, using a 6‐12 Lennard‐Jones interaction potential. The improved efficiency of the k‐d tree based scheme makes it indispensable for interaction calculations. This paper also shows the importance of implementing adhesion‐specific customizations in the arc‐length solver.
Ultimate tensile behavior of short single‐wall carbon nanotube/epoxy composites and the reinforced mechanism
Authors: Wang Xiaoer , Zhu Tianxiang , Deng Zhen‐Yan , Zhao Xinluo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractShort single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)/epoxy composites were fabricated by a procedure of cutting and functionalizing SWCNTs, dispersion and curing, with a very low weight ratio of SWCNTs from 0.03% to 0.5%. It was found that the tensile fracture strength of composites increases with increasing SWCNT content initially, then reaches a maximum at 0.05 wt% and finally decreases with further increasing the SWCNT content. The fracture strength of the composite with 0.05 wt% SWCNTs (78.46 MPa) is ~160% of that of pure epoxy sample (48.64 MPa). A model analysis based on the competition of local matrix fracture and the debonding of short SWCNT was proposed. It revealed that there is a transition from local matrix fracture to the debonding of SWCNT when the SWCNT content increases, this transition leads to the decrease in the tensile strength. Further analyses indicated that the content of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at the transition depends on their radius and length. Considering the effect of surface cracks on the fracture strength of pure epoxy sample, the theoretical analyses are qualitatively in agreement with the experimental results. The present study partly explains why the fracture strength of CNT reinforced composites has various results for a similar CNT loading in previous works.
The road to bis‐periazulene (cyclohepta[def]fluorene): Realizing one of the long‐standing dreams in nonalternant hydrocarbons
Authors: Konishi Akihito , Horii Koki , Yasuda Makoto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe chemistry of nonalternant hydrocarbons has recently experienced a considerable resurgence. As the relationship between naphthalene and azulene shows, an important design concept for a nonalternant framework is to replace the two hexagons of an alternant system with a pentagon and heptagon pair. The pursuit of the nonalternant isomers of pyrene, which has seven possible nonalternant isomers, has been the most significant related project. Through enormous dedication by many pioneering works, six of the seven possible nonalternant isomers of pyrene have been isolated and characterized as stable aromatic molecules, differentiating themselves from pyrene in terms of optoelectronic properties. However, the only unsynthesized isomer, bis‐periazulene (cyclohepta[def]fluorene), had remained an uncharacterized hydrocarbon until 2022, despite many synthetic and theoretical investigations since it was first reported in 1955. In this review, we summarize the chemistry of the pyrene's nonalternant isomers, including our recent achievements in synthesizing and characterizing bis‐periazulene derivatives. The historical perspectives, synthetic approaches, fundamental properties, and comparisons to related systems are documented.
Circular economy and firm performance: The influence of product life cycle analysis, upcycling, and redesign
Authors: Triguero Ángela , Moreno‐Mondéjar Lourdes , Sáez‐Martínez Francisco J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe transition toward a circular economy (CE) implies the introduction of innovative practices at the firm level. Nevertheless, an important question is under discussion: What are the consequences of these practices on firm performance? Using a survey approach, this article analyzes the effect of CE practices related to product design on economic and environmental performance: life cycle assessment (LCA), product upgradability, and design for disassembly, reuse, and recycling in a sample of 300 firms. Our findings show that, although most of the companies are carrying out some eco‐innovation (innovations aimed to reduce the environmental damage of their activity), only process eco‐innovations new to the market improve economic performance but not environmental performance. However, LCA is a tool for implementing CE principles, helping to improve both. Eco‐design is positively associated with economic performance. The results provide managers and policy makers new insights on the long road to achieving this transition.
Super‐Aerophilic Biomimetic Cactus for Underwater Dispersed Microbubble Capture, Self‐Transport, Coalescence, and Energy Harvesting
Authors: Du Yu , Li Ping , Wen Yumei , Guan Zhibin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHuman ocean activities are inseparable from the supply of energy. The energy contained in the gas‐phase components dispersed in seawater is a potential universal energy source for eupelagic or deep‐sea equipment. However, the low energy density of bubbles dispersed in water introduces severe challenges to the potential energy harvesting of gas‐phase components. Here, a super‐aerophilic biomimetic cactus is developed for underwater dispersive microbubble capture and energy harvesting. The bubbles captured by the super‐aerophilic biomimetic cactus spines, driven by the surface tension and liquid pressure, undergo automatic transport, coalescence, accumulation, and concentrated release. The formerly unavailable low‐density dispersive surface free energy of the bubbles is converted into high‐density concentrated gas buoyancy potential energy, thereby providing an energy source for underwater in situ electricity generation. Experiments show a continuous process of microbubble capture by the biomimetic cactus and demonstrate a 22.76‐times increase in output power and a 3.56‐times enhancement in electrical energy production compared with a conventional bubble energy harvesting device. The output energy density is 3.64 times that of the existing bubble energy generator. This work provides a novel approach for dispersive gas‐phase potential energy harvesting in seawater, opening up promising prospects for wide‐area in situ energy supply in underwater environments.
Fascinating Electrocatalysts with Dispersed Di‐Metals in MN3‐M′N4 Moiety as Two Active Sites Separately for N2 and CO2 Reduction Reactions and Jointly for CN Coupling and Urea Production
Authors: Zhu Changyan , Geng Yun , Yao Xiaohui , Zhu Guangshan , Su Zhongmin , Zhang Min 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe idealized urea electrocatalyst is crucial to boost the CN coupling reaction and simultaneously suppress their isolated reduction process after adsorbing N2 and CO2 molecules. Therefore, the dispersed MN3‐M′N4 moiety is investigated systematically, including 26 homonuclear and 650 heteronuclear di‐metal systems. After, 205 stable systems are selected using lowest‐energy principle and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. According to three possible pathways, NCON, CO, and OCOH to produce urea, a five‐step high‐throughput screening method for excellent catalytic activity and a five‐aspect high‐throughput screening strategy for outstanding catalytic selectivity are proposed, respectively. The potential determined steps and the limiting potential through three pathways are identified. The data indicates both CO pathway and OCOH pathway are more competitive at lower Gibbs free energy. Significantly, the most favorite RuN3‐CoN4 combination possesses an extremely low limiting potential of −0.80 V for urea production, meanwhile it exists a strong foundation for experimental preparation. This work not only broadens electrocatalytic potentiality of developing di‐metals as two active sites, but also provides a feasible high‐throughput screening recipe for urea production.