bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diameter of ductus arteriosus on postnatal Day 7 is associated with late pulmonary hypertension in extremely preterm infants
Authors: Huang Zilu , Cheng Xiaoqin , Lin Bingchun , Zhao Jie , Huang Zhifeng , Xiong Xiaoyun , Yang Chuanzhong , Chen Xueyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesA clinically feasible biomarker for pulmonary hypertension (PH) prediction is still lacking. Thus, we aim to assess the association between ductus arteriosus (DA) diameter and PH in extremely preterm infants.Study DesignA retrospective case‐control study was performed to compare the diameter of DA in infants with and without late PH. Propensity scores were calculated to match the gestational age in two groups with a match ratio of 1:2. The diameter of DA was measured by echocardiography on postnatal Days 3 and 7.ResultsA total of 91 infants were included in the study. The diagnosis of late PH was made in 32 infants between postnatal life of 28−159 days. Univariable analysis showed that late PH was associated with birth weight, invasive mechanical ventilation, hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA), duration of PDA exposure, the rate of surgical ligation, and diameter of DA on postnatal Days 3 and 7. After adjusting for these selected factors, the diameter of DA measured on postnatal Day 7 was independently associated with the risk of late PH (odds ratios: 5.511, 95% confidence interval: 1.552−19.562, p = .008). Receiver operator curve analysis indicated that 1.95 mm in DA diameter on postnatal Day 7 was the cutoff value for late PH with an area under the curve of 0.697.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that DA diameter (larger than or equal to 1.95 mm) on postnatal Day 7 might serve as a predictor for late PH in extremely preterm infants.
Racial differences in patient‐reported outcomes among men treated with radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer
Authors: Koelker Mara , Labban Muhieddine , Frego Nicola , Ye Jamie , Lipsitz Stuart R. , Hubbell Harrison Taylor , Edelen Maria , Steele Grant , Salinas Kevin , Meyer Christian P. , Makanjuola Jonathan , Moore Caroline M. , Cole Alexander P. , Kibel Adam S. , Trinh Quoc‐Dien 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundReal‐world data on racial differences in the side effects of radical prostatectomy on quality of life (QoL) are lacking. We aimed to evaluate differences in patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM) among non‐Hispanic Black (NHB) and non‐Hispanic White (NHW) men using the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite for Clinical Practice (EPIC‐CP) questionnaire to measure health‐related QoL after radical prostatectomy.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed prospectively collected PROMs using EPIC‐CP scores at a tertiary care center between 2015 and 2021 for men with prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy. The primary endpoint was the overall QoL score for NHB and NHW men, with a total score of 60 and higher scores indicating worse QoL. An imputed mixed linear regression model was used to examine the effect of covariates on the change in overall QoL score following surgery. A pairwise comparison was used to estimate the mean QoL scores before surgery as well as up to 24 months after surgery.ResultsOur cohort consisted of 2229 men who answered at least one EPIC‐CP questionnaire before or after surgery, of which 110 (4.94%) were NHB and 2119 (95.07%) were NHW men. The QoL scores differed for NHB and NHW at baseline (2.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36–4.31, p = 0.02), 3 months (4.36, 95% CI 2.29–6.42, p < 0.01), 6 months (3.26, 95% CI 1.10–5.43, p < 0.01), and 12 months after surgery (2.48, 95% CI 0.19–4.77, p = 0.03) with NHB having worse scores. There was no difference in QoL between NHB and NHW men 24 months after surgery.ConclusionsA significant difference in QoL between NHB and NHW men was reported before surgery, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery, with NHB having worse QoL scores. However, there was no long‐term difference in reported QoL. Our findings inform strategies that can be implemented to mitigate racial differences in short‐term outcomes.
The monitoring and evaluation challenges of the sustainable development goals: An assessment in three European countries
Authors: De Francesco Fabrizio , Pattyn Valérie , Salamon Hannah 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhile discourse about the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has primarily focused on ‘whether the goals’ are achieved, there remains limited understanding of how developed countries organize their monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems, which play a crucial role in tracking progress towards the SDGs. In this contribution, we unpack the M&E frameworks of Belgium, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. To do so, we have devised an analytical heuristic that combines insights from the literature on policy performance measurement and measurement infrastructures with the more specific literature on SDG governance. Through document analysis and elite interviews conducted in 2021, our findings highlight similarity in underdeveloped M&E frameworks, rather than significant variation across the three case studies. The results do not suggest a linkage between SDG performance and the development of M&E frameworks.
A review of the glacial environment arthropod trace fossilsUmfoloziaandWarvichniumwith the description of new ichnotaxa
Authors: de Barros Gabriel E. B. , de C. P. e M. Peixoto Bernardo , Lima João H. D. , Minter Nicholas J. , Sedorko Daniel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTrace fossils are important records of the presence and behaviour of animals in the past, especially in deposits where few body fossils are preserved. They tend to provide the main palaeobiological record for past glacial environments, and are thus very important for understanding the ecology of these palaeoenvironments. Two ichnogenera are common in glacial sediments:UmfoloziaandWarvichnium. BothUmfoloziaandWarvichniumare attributed to arthropods; the former occurs across the Late Palaeozoic Ice Age (LPIA) and the latter occurs during both the LPIA and the Quaternary glacial event. Here, we review the stratigraphic record, ichnotaxonomy, palaeoecology, palaeoenvironments and possible tracemakers of these two ichnogenera. In addition to assessing morphological ichnotaxobases, we use multivariate morphometric analysis and inferential statistical tests to support our ichnotaxonomic revisions. The diagnosis ofUmfoloziais revised, with the description of a new ichnospecies,Umfolozia terere, and the emendation ofUmfolozia riojana(formerlyUmfolozia longula). We revisedWarvichnium, maintaining the originalWarvichnium ulbrichiand allocating two morphologies to the ichnogenusIrichnus:Irichnus saltatoriusandI. paripinnatusisp. nov. These trace fossils record several behaviours, and have implications for palaeoenvironmental interpretations and the evolution of invertebrate ecosystems. UsingUmfoloziaandWarvichniumas case studies, we demonstrate the application of morphometric analysis in ichnotaxonomy and highlight this as a tool that may be applied to other trace‐fossil groups.
Numerically optimized post‐cracking branch of the constitutive tensile model for fiber‐reinforced concrete with natural and recycled aggregates
Authors: Vandevyvere Brecht , Vandewalle Lucie , Li Jiabin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the post‐cracking behavior of glass fiber‐reinforced recycled concrete (FR‐RAC). This was done on eight fiber‐reinforced concrete (FRC) mixtures, with three types of recycled aggregates (RAs), while the used fibers were the CEM‐FIL Minibars™ with a fiber content of 0.50 and 0.75 V%. Based on those investigated mixtures, it was found that the proposed constitutive tensile model of the fib Model Code 2010 and the model of di Prisco overestimate the measured load–CMOD curves. Therefore, the post‐cracking branch of the constitutive tensile model was numerically optimized. This was done by optimizing the ka and kc value in the simplified model (Equations 16 and 17), proposed by Vandevyvere and based on the model of di Prisco. The ka value relates to the tensile strength at serviceability limit state, while the factor kc relates to the tensile strength at ultimate limit state (ULS). The numerically optimized ka and kc value, abbreviated by and , indicates a lower value and a higher value than the model of di Prisco et al. In addition, the extensive test data in this study show an increased post‐cracking behavior for the 0.75 V% mixtures with RAs. However, the and values are 0.325 and 0.710 for NAC‐0.75 V%, and only slightly different and values are obtained for the FR‐RAC mixtures. Therefore, one unified constitutive tensile model is proposed for all FRC mixtures. In addition, the numerically optimized model indicates a lower neutral axis location as well as a higher maximum tensile strain () and compressive strain () for the recycled concrete mixtures. The value at CMOD3 is 0.074‰ for NAC‐0.75 V%, while the nRAC‐0.75 V% mixture indicates a value of 0.100‰. This explains the improved fiber activation of the fiber‐reinforced recycled concrete mixtures (with 0.75 V% glass fibers).
Hysteretic performance of prestressed concrete beams with AFRP tendons under cyclic loading
Authors: Hu Xinyu , Xue Weichen , Zheng Renguang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to evaluate the hysteretic performance of prestressed concrete beams with aramid fiber‐reinforced polymer (AFRP) tendons. Eight beams were constructed and tested under cyclic loading, with test variables covering the type of prestressing tendons (AFRP and steel), the ratio of internal tendons to external tendons (3:0 and 1:2) and the bond condition of internal tendons (fully bonded, partially bonded, and unbonded). Results showed that the failure of all the beams was dominated by concrete crushing and nonprestressed rebars rupturing at pure bending sections. AFRP prestressed beams exhibited commensurate bearing capacity, displacement ductility, energy dissipation and residual deformation with steel prestressed beams. The combination of internal and external tendons, and using unbonded or partially bonded tendons could improve the ductility of AFRP prestressed beams. Additionally, the finite element (FE) models of AFRP prestressed beams were developed using ABAQUS based on the coupling method under the local coordinate system. The simulated results closely matched the experimental results in terms of the failure mode and load–displacement curve. Parametric predictions, including the unbonded length of AFRP tendon, partial prestressing ratio, jacking stress and concrete strength were presented to extend the experimental works.
Integrative analysis from multi‐center studies identifies a weighted gene co‐expression network analysis‐based Tregs signature in ovarian cancer
Authors: Cao Yang , Liu Ying‐Lei , Lu Xiao‐Yan , Kai Hai‐Li , Han Yun , Zheng Yan‐Li 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOvarian cancer (OC) is a malignancy associated with poor prognosis and has been linked to regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the immune microenvironment. Nevertheless, the association between Tregs‐related genes (TRGs) and OC prognosis remains incompletely understood. The xCell algorithm was used to analyze Tregs scores across multiple cohorts. Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to identify potential TRGs and molecular subtypes. Furthermore, we used nine machine learning algorithms to create risk models with prognostic indicators for patients. Reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining were used to demonstrate the immunosuppressive ability of Tregs and the expression of key TRGs in clinical samples. Our study found that higher Tregs scores were significantly correlated with poorer overall survival. Recurrent patients exhibited increased Tregs infiltration and reduced CD8+ T cell. Moreover, molecular subtyping using seven key TRGs revealed that subtype B exhibited higher enrichment of multiple oncogenic pathways and had a worse prognosis. Notably, subtype B exhibited high Tregs levels, suggesting immune suppression. In addition, we validated machine learning‐derived prognostic models across multiple platform cohorts to better distinguish patient survival and predict immunotherapy efficacy. Finally, the differential expression of key TRGs was validated using clinical samples. Our study provides novel insights into the role of Tregs in the immune microenvironment of OC. We identified potential therapeutic targets derived from Tregs (CD24, FHL2, GPM6A, HOXD8, NAP1L5, REN, and TOX3) for personalized treatment and created a machining learning‐based prognostic model for OC patients, which could be useful in clinical practice.
Resveratrol alleviates perinatal methylmercury‐induced neurobehavioral impairments by modulating the gut microbiota composition and neurotransmitter disturbances
Authors: Chen Fang , Zhang Li , Liu Yi , Zhang Aihua , Wang Wenjuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMethylmercury (MeHg), a potent neurotoxic substance, causes adverse health outcomes by modulating metabolites through altered gut microbiota patterns. Among the many metabolites, neurotransmitters play a particularly important role in the nervous system and behavior. Resveratrol (RSV) has been investigated as an antiaging, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and neuroprotective agent. The current study evaluated that RSV is protective of neurodevelopmental toxicity induced by MeHg and further explored the underlying mechanisms. Sprague–Dawley rats were treated with 1.2 mg/kg/d of MeHg, and the effects were evaluated after supplementation with RSV (20 mg/kg/d). The results indicated that MeHg had adverse effects on early neurodevelopmental indicators in the experimental group offspring as compared to control pups. Interestingly, RSV significantly improved the MeHg‐induced delays in the neurobehavioral reflexes and reduced the total mercury (THg) concentration in the colons of the offspring rats. In agreement, RSV administration improved the gut microbiota diversity and structure by increasing the abundance of probiotics and upregulating the expression of tight junction proteins. It also ameliorated the MeHg‐induced abnormalities in the expression profiles of neurotransmitters. Furthermore, eight key bacteria that were strongly linked with the neurotransmitters and neuroreflex parameters were identified. Taken together, these results demonstrate that RSV treatment effectively reduces the occurrence of neurodevelopmental toxicity caused by perinatal MeHg exposure by modulating the intestinal flora and neurotransmitter metabolism. These findings provide a new therapeutic approach for treating MeHg‐induced neurotoxicity.The cover image is based on the Research Article Resveratrol alleviates perinatal methylmercury‐induced neurobehavioral impairments by modulating the gut microbiota composition and neurotransmitter disturbances by Fang Chen et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.23973.
Oblique corrections from leptoquarks
Authors: Albergaria Francisco , Lavoura Luís 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe present general formulas for the oblique-correction parametersS,T,U,V,W, andXin a model of New Physics having arbitrary numbers of scalar leptoquarks of the five permissible types. We allow for a general mixing among the scalars of the various electric charges, viz. −4/3, −1/3, 2/3, and 5/3. We then extend the formulas to the case of a New Physics model with additional scalars in any representations of the gauge group SU(2)×U(1), mixing arbitrarily among themselves.
Thermalization in the presence of a time-dependent dissipation and its impact on dark matter production
Authors: Chowdhury Debtosh , Hait Arpan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In standard cosmological scenarios, a heavy meta-stable field dominates the energy density of the universe after inflation. The dissipation of this field continuously sources high-energy particles. In general, the dissipation rate of this meta-stable field can have a non-trivial time dependence. We study the impact of this time-dependent dissipation rate on the thermalization of the high-energy decay products of the meta-stable field. These energetic particles can contribute substantially to dark matter production in addition to the usual production from the thermal bath particles during reheating. We investigate the impact of this generalized dissipation on dark matter production in a model-independent way. We illustrate the parameter space that explains the observed dark matter relic abundance in various cosmological scenarios. We observed that dark matter having a mass larger than the maximum temperature attained by the thermal bath can be produced from the collision of the high-energy particles which are not yet thermalized.
Small-x factorization from effective field theory
Authors: Neill Duff , Pathak Aditya , Stewart Iain W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We derive a factorization theorem that allows for resummation of small-x logarithms by exploiting Glauber operators in the soft collinear effective field theory. Our analysis is carried out for the hadronic tensor Wμν in deep inelastic scattering, and leads to the definition of a new gauge invariant soft function Sμν that describes quark and gluon emission in the central region. This soft function provides a new framework for extending resummed calculations for coefficient functions to higher logarithmic orders. Our factorization also defines impact factors by universal collinear functions that are process independent, for instance being identical in small-x DIS and Drell-Yan.
Primordial black holes from strong first-order phase transitions
Authors: Lewicki Marek , Toczek Piotr , Vaskonen Ville 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We study the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) in strongly super-cooled first-order phase transitions. The mechanism is based on the presence of remnants dominated by the false vacuum that scale slower with the expansion of the Universe than their surroundings where this energy was already converted into radiation. We compute the PBH formation from these remnants including the contribution from the false vacuum and the bubble walls, by estimating the collapse using the hoop conjecture and by considering both regions collapsing immediately when entering the horizon and sub-horizon regions that collapse as their compactness grows. We show that for exponential bubble nucleation rate, Γ ∝ eβt, the primordial black hole formation implies β/H ≳ 3.8, where H denotes the Hubble rate, if the potential energy of the false vacuum is ∆V ≲ (1012 GeV)4, as otherwise a too large abundance of long-lived PBHs forms. The observed dark matter abundance can be formed in asteroid mass PBHs if β/H ≃ 3.8 and 105 GeV ≲ ∆V1/4 ≲ 108 GeV. Finally, we consider also the effect of the second order correction to the exponential nucleation rate showing that the PBH abundance is mainly determined by the average radius of the true vacuum bubbles.
More on pure gravity with a negative cosmological constant
Authors: Benizri Lior , Troost Jan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We identify an ambiguity in the Chern-Simons formulation of three-dimensional gravity with negative cosmological constant that originates in an outer automorphism of the Lie algebra $$ \mathfrak{sl} $$
sl
(2, ℝ). It has important consequences for the stability of the theory in a space-time with boundary. We revisit the classical equivalence of three-dimensional gravity with a boundary Liouville theory both on and off the mass shell. Moreover, we provide further details on the quantum equivalence, the gauge symmetry that renders the spectrum diagonal, as well as the relation between asymptotically AdS3 metrics and polar boundary conditions. We thus set the proposal that the Liouville conformal field theory serves as a definition of a unitary theory of pure gravity in three dimensions with negative cosmological constant on a more stable footing.
Unstable pelvic fractures in women: implications on obstetric outcome
Authors: Davidson Amit , Giannoudis Vasileios P. , Kotsarinis Georgios , Santolini Emmanuele , Tingerides Constantinos , Koneru Anish , Kanakaris Nikolaos K. , Giannoudis Peter V. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Obstetric outcomes in women following pelvic injuries requiring surgical fixation is not thoroughly known. We aimed to evaluate if radiographic measurements (RMs) can be used to provide information on delivery methods outcome after these injuries, and to evaluate if metal work removal is required prior to delivery.

Method
A retrospective study in a level 1 trauma centre of female patients with pelvic fractures treated operatively, aged 16–45 at the time of injury. Participants completed a questionnaire regarding their obstetric history. RM evaluating pelvic symmetry, displacement, and pelvimetry were conducted on postoperative radiographs and CT scans. Patients who gave birth after the injury were divided to two groups according to the delivery method: vaginal delivery (VD) and caesarean section (CS). These two groups RM were compared.

Results
Forty-four patients were included, comparison of the RM of patients who delivered by CS (9) and patients who had only VD (11) showed no significant difference between the groups. Two patients underwent a trial of VD who subsequently underwent urgent CS due to prolonged labour, their RM were below the average and their pelvimetry measurements were above the cut-off for CS recommendation. Eleven patients had uncomplicated VD, all had retained sacroiliac screws at the time of delivery and one patient had an anterior pubic plate.

Conclusion
Postoperative RM did not show an effect on delivery method of women after pelvic fracture fixation. A relatively high number of patients who underwent normal vaginal delivery had retained sacroiliac screws. These findings can form the foundation for larger cohort studies.
Polynomial Bounds for Chromatic Number. IV: A Near-polynomial Bound for Excluding the Five-vertex Path
Authors: Scott Alex , Seymour Paul , Spirkl Sophie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA graphGisH-freeif it has no induced subgraph isomorphic toH. We prove that a$$P_5$$P5-free graph with clique number$$\omega \ge 3$$ω≥3has chromatic number at most$$\omega ^{\log _2(\omega )}$$ωlog2(ω). The best previous result was an exponential upper bound$$(5/27)3^{\omega }$$(5/27)3ω, due to Esperet, Lemoine, Maffray, and Morel. A polynomial bound would imply that the celebrated Erdős-Hajnal conjecture holds for$$P_5$$P5, which is the smallest open case. Thus, there is great interest in whether there is a polynomial bound for$$P_5$$P5-free graphs, and our result is an attempt to approach that.