bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pedestrian potentially dangerous behaviour prediction based on attention‐long‐short‐term memory with egocentric vision
Authors: Lin Ming‐Chih , Lin Yu‐Chen , Hung Ming‐Ku 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper develops a pedestrian potentially dangerous behaviour prediction method based on attention‐long‐short‐term memory (Attention‐LSTM) architecture to predict pedestrian trajectory and intention for the unexpected pedestrian crossing accident avoidance. To extract the road scene information for short periods of time, and improve the accuracy of subsequent intention inference and trajectory prediction, the panoramic segmentation is used to extrapolate pedestrian instances and segment areas of the environment. Next, an encoder–decoder framework based on Attention‐LSTM model is proposed to infer a pedestrian's intention to run or walk out into oncoming traffic straight and to predict the future trajectory. The proposed network involves two parts: temporal feature encoder and multi‐task decoder. The temporal feature encoder is mainly used to selectively emphasize the temporal features using attention mechanism, and then LSTM is employed for its encoding. In the multi‐task decoder, a multi‐head self‐attention mechanism and LSTM are used to forecast the pedestrians’ intention and future trajectory, respectively. Extensive experiments on pedestrian intention estimation (PIE) datasets demonstrate that the authors’ proposed approach surpasses prior studies in terms of prediction accuracy in trajectory and intention. This study can not only effectively avoid serious accidents caused by illegal road crossing but also achieve early warning for collision avoidance.
A single‐loop and current‐sensorless control for on‐grid seven‐level photovoltaic microinverter
Authors: Rodriguez Juan R. , Mejia‐Ruiz Gabriel E. , Paternina Mario R. Arrieta , Velazquez‐Ibanez Alfredo , Salgado‐Herrera Nadia Maria , Santoyo‐Anaya Mario Alberto , Zamora‐Mendez Alejandro , Chamorro Harold R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a single‐phase transformerless photovoltaic (PV) microinverter for low and medium‐voltage applications. The proposed approach comprises a suitable combination of multilevel boost/buck and H‐bridge topologies with a current‐sensorless control scheme, where the system controller only needs a straightforward‐to‐implement control loop to reach the desired attributes in solar PV conversion systems. Compared with other microinverters, this proposal significantly reduces the number of hardware components and required software resources, considerably attaining industrial and production advantages; guaranteeing: (i) a high DC elevation factor; (ii) an extraction of maximum power from solar PV panels; (iii) a multilevel output voltage; (iv) a low total harmonic distortion; and (v) a power factor close to unity. The multilevel microinverter's feasibility and effectiveness are assessed by a comprehensive mathematical model, whose simulation results are evaluated using MATLAB‐Simulink, and the experimental results are validated by means of an on‐grid low‐scale prototype, generating a power capacity of 1.5 kW.
A dual switches high step‐up DC–DC converter with low voltage stresses across switches
Authors: Radmehr Hojjat , Nouri Tohid , Shaneh Mahdi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA dual switches high step‐up DC–DC converter with coupled inductor (CI) and voltage multiplier cell (VMC) is proposed in this paper. The gate pulses of the switches are synchronized with each other. During ON state of the switches, the CIs are charged in parallel through the input power source and during OFF state of the switches, they are discharged to the output in series. The energy of the leakage inductances is recycled by the passive clamp circuit. The passive clamp circuit for one of the metaloxidesemiconductor field‐effect transistor (MOSFETs) is integrated with the VMC. In such a case, the clamp circuit participates in voltage gain extension which facilitates the utilization of lower number of the components, as well. Meanwhile, the MOSFETs and diodes are turned ON and turned OFF with zero current switching (ZCS) performance which reduces the switching losses. Through the dual switches concept and implementation of the CI VMC, the advantages such as high voltage gain, low voltage stresses across switches and distributed current stresses between MOSFETs are achieved. The steady‐state analysis of the proposed converter is provided which is followed by a comparison with some published converters. Finally, a 300 W 25V to 400 V laboratory prototype is fabricated and tested to verify the performances.
Fictitious neutron sinks to trace radiative s-process nucleosynthesis
Authors: Krynski P. , Siess L. , Jorissen A. 
Published: December 2022

Context. Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are strong producers of s-process elements, which are synthesized by successive slow neutron captures on elements heavier than iron. The nucleosynthesis calculation involves solving large nuclear networks with hundreds of nuclei, which in a stellar evolution code can greatly extend the computational time. However, the s-process is often measured using a handful of elements located on the neutron magic shells and grouped into tracers called ls, hs, and vhs.
Aims. We propose a fictitious network that approximates the production of ls, hs, and vhs species at a minimal computational expense. The network is specifically designed for the radiative s-process in AGB stars. It is an alternative to methods using large networks that can be used as a fast exploratory tool to trace the production of s-elements.
Methods. The fictitious network was constructed by assembling species with Z ≥ 18 into seven fictitious particles whose abundances and reaction rates model the effective properties of the corresponding groups. The effective reaction rates were tabulated as a function of neutron density and number of neutrons captured per initial heavy seed (Ncapt) using single-zone nucleosynthesis calculations. The accuracy of our network was tested by comparing the abundances obtained with the fictitious and large networks during the radiative burning of 13C during the interpulse period of a 2 M⊙, [Fe/H] = −2 star.
Results. The fictitious network reliably reproduces the abundances of ls, hs, and vhs species during the radiative s-process. The accuracy of the method increases with the strength of the nucleosynthesis as measured by Ncapt, but diminishes when the nuclear distribution is different from the initial distribution. This network is well suited to follow the s-process nucleosynthesis in low-mass AGB stars where neutrons are mainly produced below the envelope by the 13C(α, n) reaction.
Orofaziale und muskuloskelettale Schmerzsyndrome bei professionellen Musikern – Häufigkeiten und Therapieprinzipien
Authors: Steinmetz Anke 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungInstrumentalspiel-assoziierte muskuloskelettale Schmerzsyndrome betreffen oft die obere Extremität und Wirbelsäule. Darüber hinaus sind auch orofaziale Schmerzsyndrome bzw. kraniomandibuläre Dysfunktionen insbesondere bei hohen Streichern und Bläsern zu beobachten.
In vitro Effect of Dalteparin and Argatroban on Hemostasis in Critically Ill Sepsis Patients with New-Onset Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Nygaard Søren , Hvas Christine L. , Hvas Anne-Mette , Adelborg Kasper 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThrombocytopenia is common among critically ill sepsis patients, while they also hold an increased risk for thromboembolic events. Thus, the choice of anticoagulant prophylaxis for this patient population is challenging. We investigated the in vitro effect of low-molecular-weight heparin (dalteparin) and direct thrombin inhibitor (argatroban) on the hemostasis in blood from sepsis patients with new-onset thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia was defined as a platelet count drop of ≥30% and/or from >100 × 109/L to 30 to 100 × 109/L within 24 hours prior to inclusion. We included five healthy individuals and ten patients. Analyses of thrombin generation (Calibrated Automated Thrombogram), thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complex levels, prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) were performed. Based on dose–response relationships investigated in healthy blood, patient samples were spiked with prophylactic (0.25 IU/mL) and therapeutic (0.75 IU/mL) dalteparin and low (0.25 µg/mL) and high (0.50 µg/mL) argatroban concentrations, each with a sample without anticoagulant. In patients, the endogenous thrombin potential was markedly lower in therapeutic dalteparin samples than in samples without anticoagulant [median (range): 29 (0–388) vs. 795 (98–2121) nM × min]. In high argatroban concentration samples, thrombin lag time was longer than in samples without anticoagulant [median (range): 15.5 (10.5–20.2) versus 5.3 (2.8–7.3) min]. Dalteparin and argatroban both increased clotting time but did not affect maximum clot firmness in the ROTEM INTEM assay. Six patients had elevated TAT and eight patients had elevated F1 + 2. In conclusion, dalteparin mainly affected the amount of thrombin generated and argatroban delayed clot initiation in critically ill sepsis patients with new-onset thrombocytopenia. Neither anticoagulant affected clot strength.
Development of an Analytical Workflow to Support the Establishment of Monographs in African Pharmacopoeias – Combretum mucronatum Leaves as Example
Authors: Orman Emmanuel , Bekoe Samuel Oppong , Asare-Nkansah Samuel , Kralisch Ina , Jato Jonathan , Spiegler Verena , Agyare Christian , Bekoe Emelia Oppong , Hensel Andreas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHerbal medicines are invaluable in African medicine, but quality and safety are not documented in many cases. Besides controlled farming, validated quality control methods are needed to
ensure identity, purity, and content. Analytical specifications within modern monographs are needed for consistent batch quality. Combretum mucronatum leaves are widely used in West
Africa, but state-of-the-art quality control methods and specifications are non-existent. The aim of the following study was the development of ICH-validated chromatographic protocols for
identity, purity, content assay, and analytical specifications for consideration into pharmacopoeial monographs. UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS was used for untargeted phytochemical information on
composition. Optimisation of extraction was based on phytochemical profiling. HPTLC was used for differentiation of C. mucronatum from other Combretum species and UPLC for
simultaneous determination of 7 marker compounds. C. mucronatum batch analyses (n = 49) investigated the influence of harvest time and geographical origin. Pesticides screening from a
349-compound panel were carried out. 30 compounds, identified by LC-MS, were used for characterization of the plant material. Orietin, isoorientin, vitexin and isovitexin were used as
specific marker compounds for qualitative and quantitative HPTLC purposes, while UPLC quantified additionally epicatechin, procyanidins B2 and C1. Influence of harvest time and geographic
origin on the content of marker compounds was observed. Differences in the metabolite profiles of C. mucronatum compared to related Combretum species were established for
quality control purposes. Contamination with high amoounts of chlorpyrifos, and folpet (sum of folpet and phtalimide, expressed as folpet) were also observed.The study provides analytical protocols, analytical specifications and a drafted monograph for consideration for African pharmacopoeias, and reveals potential challenges in the quality of
C. mucronatum.
Gold-Catalyzed Formal (3+2) Cycloaddition in an Ionic Liquid: Environmentally Friendly and Stereoselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted Indanes from Benzylic Alcohols and 1-Phenylpropenes
Authors: Morita Nobuyoshi , Tamura Osamu , Chiaki Hitomi , Ikeda Kanae , Tanaka Kosaku , Hashimoto Yoshimitsu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA gold-catalyzed formal (3+2) cycloaddition of benzylic alcohols with 1-phenylpropenes in an ionic liquid permits the environmentally friendly stereoselective synthesis of polysubstituted indanes in good yields and with high selectivity. The gold catalyst can be recycled at least five times.
Total Syntheses of Dysidealactams E and F and Dysidealactone B, Drimane-Type Sesquiterpenes Derived from a Dysidea sp. of Marine Sponge
Authors: Yang Weiguang , Banwell Martin G. , Chen Yuhao , Lan Ping , White Lorenzo V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDysidealactams E and F and dysidealactone B are recently reported marine natural products. Their syntheses from β-cyclocitral are detailed here. The preparation of certain derivatives and analogues of these compounds is also described and single-crystal X-ray analyses of two of these, as well as that of (±)-dysidealactam F, are reported.
Minimal Aortic Injury Detected on Computed Tomography Angiography during Initial Trauma Imaging: Single Academic Level 1 Trauma Center Experience
Authors: Gharai Leila Rezai , Ovanez Christopher , Goodman William C. , Deng Xiaoyan , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar , Aboutanos Michel B. , Parker Mark S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground Minimal aortic injury (MAI), a subtype of acute traumatic aortic injury, is being increasingly recognized with better imaging techniques. Given conservative management, the role of follow-up imaging albeit important yet has to be defined.Methods All trauma chest computed tomography angiographies (CTAs) at our center between January 2012 and January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed for presence of MAI. MAIs were generally reimaged at 24 to 72 hours and then at a 7- and 30-day interval. Follow-up CTAs were reviewed for stability, progression, or resolution of MAI, along with assessment of injury severity scores (ISS) and concomitant injuries, respectively.Results A total of 17,569 chest CTAs were performed over this period. Incidence of MAI on the initial chest CTA was 113 (0.65%), with 105 patients receiving follow-up CTAs. The first, second, third, and fourth follow-up CTAs were performed at a median of 2, 10, 28, and 261 days, respectively. Forty five (42.9%), 22 (21%), 5 (4.8%), and 1 (1%) of the MAIs were resolved by first, second, third, and fourth follow-up CTAs. Altogether, 21 patients showed stability (mean ISS of 16.6), and 11 demonstrated improvement (mean ISS 25.8) of MAIs. Eight patients had no follow-up CTA (mean ISS 21). No progression to higher-grade injury was observed. Advancing age decreased the odds of MAI resolution on follow-up. A possible trend (p-value 0.22) between increasing ISS and time to resolution of MAIs was noted.Conclusion In our series of acute traumatic MAIs diagnosed on CTA imaging, there was no progression of injuries with conservative management, questioning the necessity of sequential follow-up imaging.
Penetrating Aortic Injury due to Broken Ribs and Preventive Measures
Authors: Yanagawa Youichi , Nagasawa Hiroki , Ishikawa Kouhei , Hirayama Shunki , Itoi Akira , Mogami Atsuhiko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe herein report two cases of patients that underwent prophylactic operations to prevent aortic injuries in association with fractured ribs. Penetrating aortic injuries induced by fractured ribs remain fatal. Prophylactic operations appear effective. However, the indication for such operations should be clarified further in the future.
Hurthle Cell Thyroid Carcinoma with Liver and Paraaortic Abdominal Nodal Metastasis: Progression on Sorafenib Therapy after Initial Disease Stabilization
Authors: Loharkar Sarvesh , Basu Sandip 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHurthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC) demonstrates inferior prognosis compared with other types of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), along with radioiodine refractoriness and relatively poor 131I concentrating ability. We herein report a case of a middle-aged lady presenting with neck swelling for years, who on pre-surgery work-up was diagnosed to harbor metastatic nodal and lung lesions. Post-thyroidectomy and neck dissection, she was diagnosed with HCTC. Post-surgery, none of the lesions concentrated radioactive-iodine (RAI) sufficiently but showed FDG avid lesions as mediastinal nodes, lung nodules, solitary lytic sternal lesions, and unusual bilateral paraaortic abdominal nodes. She was put on tyrosine kinase inhibitor (sorafenib) and showed disease stabilization for the initial 3 years, but multiple toxicity symptoms while on sorafenib therapy that needed multiple dose adjustments. Over the period of the subsequent year, she developed significant disease progression with liver involvement. She was shifted to lenvatinib, which she tolerated well. The functional imaging profile with unusual metastatic sites, the aggressive clinical presentation and disease course of RAI refractory HCTC over 4 years on tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, and the role of molecular FDG-PET/CT imaging in disease monitoring and clinical management of such case is presented.
Updates on Preprocedural Evaluation and Patient Selection for Prostatic Artery Embolization
Authors: Rostambeigi Nassir , Golzarian Jafar , Little Mark W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProstatic artery embolization (PAE) is a safe and effective treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Patient evaluation is a critical and important part of this growing practice. History taking should include symptoms score evaluations for lower urinary tract symptoms, erectile function, and prostatitis symptoms score. The objective evaluations commonly include measurement of prostate specific antigen, postvoid residual volume, and uroflowmetry as well as urodynamic studies in selective patients. Imaging evaluation may include computed tomography angiography or magnetic resonance angiography, elucidating prostate volume, prostate gland morphology, vasculature, and prostate cancer. With evolving knowledge on PAE, we aim to discuss patient evaluation and selection based on updated evidence and discuss specific scenarios.
An emerging global picture of heavy fermion physics
Authors: Yang Yi-feng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Recent progresses using state-of-the-art experimental techniques have motivated a number of new insights on heavy fermion physics. This article gives a brief summary of the author’s research along this direction. We discuss five major topics including: (1) development of phase coherence and two-stage hybridization; (2) two-fluid behavior and hidden universal scaling; (3) quantum phase transitions and fractionalized heavy fermion liquid; (4) quantum critical superconductivity; (5) material-specific properties. These cover the most essential parts of heavy fermion physics and lead to an emerging global picture beyond conventional theories based on mean-field or local approximations.
Nondestructive measurement of anisotropic elastic constants of selective laser melted 316L based on a tri-mode ultrasonic method
Authors: Yuan Maodan , Dai Anbang , Ma Jiatao , Chen Yan , Ji Xuanrong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Selective laser melting (SLM) technology can rapidly form metal parts with complex geometry, but the internal microstructure and material properties are significantly different from those of traditionally manufactured parts, such as obvious anisotropy and inhomogeneity. This paper proposed a tri-mode ultrasonic system to nondestructively measure the anisotropic elastic constants of 316L stainless steel prepared by SLM. Firstly, the quantitative relationship between ultrasonic wave velocities and anisotropic elastic constants was derived for elliptical anisotropic materials. The anisotropic elastic constants and Thomsen anisotropic parameters can be determined by measuring four ultrasonic wave velocities

V

11

,

V

33

,

V

12

, and

V

13

. Therefore, a tri-mode ultrasonic transducer was designed and fabricated to build the elastic constant ultrasonic measurement system. Then, the elastic constants and Thomsen anisotropic parameters of SLM samples were measured, and the key process parameters’ influence was discussed. The standard static tensile test validated the result of the ultrasonic test, and the maximum relative error was 6.94%. This study will provide a novel nondestructive measurement method and system of anisotropic elastic constants to ensure internal quality and improve the additive manufacturing process.
Polypyrrole-coated copper@graphene core-shell nanoparticles for supercapacitor application
Authors: Ho Hsiao-Yun , Chu Hsuan-I , Huang Yi-June , Tsai Dung-Sheng , Lee Chuan-Pei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The performance of supercapacitors strongly depends on the electrochemical characterizations of electrode materials. Herein, a composite material consisted of polypyrrole (PPy) and multilayer graphene-wrapped copper nanoparticles (PPy/MLG-Cu NPs) is fabricated on a flexible carbon cloth (CC) substrate via two-step synthesis process for supercapacitor application. Where, MLG-Cu NPs are prepared on CC by one-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis approach; thereafter, the PPy is further deposited on the MLG-Cu NPs/CC via electropolymerization. The related material characterizations of PPy/MLG-Cu NPs are well investigated by scanning electron microscopic, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectrometer and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; the electrochemical behaviors of the pertinent electrodes are studied by cyclic voltammogram, galvanostatic charge/discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The flexible electrode with PPy/MLG-Cu NPs composites exhibits the best specific capacitance of 845.38 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, which is much higher than those of electrodes with PPy (214.30 F g−1), MLG-Cu NPs (6.34 F g−1), multilayer graphene hollow balls (MLGHBs; 52.72 F g−1), and PPy/MLGHBs (237.84 F g−1). Finally, a supercapacitor system consisted of four PPy/MLG-Cu NPs/CC electrodes can efficiently power various light-emitting diodes (i.e. red, yellow, green and blue lighs), demonstrating the practical application of PPy/MLG-Cu NPs/CC electrode.
Scalable multi-physics for fusion reactors with AURORA
Authors: Brooks H , Davis A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
To support the design of fusion reactors for energy production, there is an urgent need to develop multi-physics software tools capable of modelling critical tokamak components as a single cohesive whole. Although some loosely-coupled physics tools do exist, these lack fidelity and will fundamentally fail to capture any closed-loop feedback effects between separate physics modules. To address this need, we introduce a new open-source code: AURORA: A Unified Resource for OpenMC (fusion) Reactor Applications. Anticipating the need for high-fidelity simulation of complex physics and geometry mandates the need to target high performance computing from the outset. AURORA has been built upon two demonstrably scalable open-source codes: MOOSE for the provision of finite element analysis and OpenMC for Monte Carlo neutron transport. In this application, the heat deposited by neutrons is calculated by OpenMC and tallied upon an unstructured mesh, providing a source term for transient heat conduction and thermal expansion. MOOSE calculates the corresponding change in temperature and density on the same mesh, whereafter local temperature and density regions are defined via binning in these variables. Finally, these regions are updated within OpenMC as new materials having modified nuclear cross sections. The procedure is subsequently iterated until a desired stopping condition is reached. We present some qualitative results as a proof-of-concept demonstration of AURORA. We further demonstrate that there is no measurable degradation in shared-memory performance arising from wrapping OpenMC in a MOOSE application. While AURORA should provide utility as a standalone tool for coupled thermo-mechanical and neutronics analyses, we view it as a first step towards our ultimate goal of having a single suite capable of capturing non-trivial couplings between the many disciplines—encompassing in addition fluid dynamics, electromagnetism, materials science and chemistry—involved in the simulation of a tokamak.