bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing Recolorization Algorithms to Help People with Color Vision Anomalies
Authors: Sinitsyna V. V. , Prudnik A. M. 
Published: March 2023

The problem of perception of visual information by people with color vision anomalies remains quite relevant, as evidenced by the interest in studying this problem not only in medicine, but also in the field of medical technology. Researchers around are working on the task to create algorithms and software that can transform images and videos in accordance with their correct perception by people with color blindness. However, today there are no algorithms that allow people with any type, form, and degree of color vision anomaly to correctly perceive the visual information surrounding them. Based on the considered advantages and disadvantages of existing algorithms, conclusions were drawn about the requirements for the designed recoloring algorithms, which are planned to be implemented in software to help people with color perception issues. Such algorithms will not only allow correct video conversion for people with dichromacy and monochromacy but will also enable users with any degree of anomalous trichromacy to perceive the world around them most accurately. In addition, these algorithms will be distinguished by the high speed of the recolorization process, and the “naturalness” of the colors obtained in the process of transformations.
Peran Motivasi Belajar terhadap Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran
Authors: Chandra Kevin , Manoppo Firginia P. , Mewo Yanti M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract: In good learning achievement, good learning motivation is needed to encourage students to study. Therefore, learning motivation and learning achievement are interrelated and inseparable. One of the benchmarks in academic achievement is Grade Point Average (GPA). Results of the previous study showed that the Cumulative GPA (CGPA) in developing countries still has the potential to be further improved. This study aimed to find out the role of learning motivation on the CGPA of medical faculty students. This was a literature review study using three databases, namely Pubmed, ClinicalKey, and Google Scholar. The keywords used in the search for articles were "Motivation AND Grade Point Average AND Medical Faculty" & “Motivasi AND Indeks Prestasi AND Fakultas Kedokteran”. The results obtained 12 literatures with various research methods. Nine literatures showed that learning motivation was related to learning performance and academic achievement, while the other three literatures showed that learning motivation had no significant relationship to the learning achievement of students from Faculty of Medicine. In conclusion, learning motivation is one of the factors that can be related to as well as play a role in student CGPA achievements.
Keywords: learning motivation; cumulative grade point average; Faculty of Medicine

Abstrak: Dalam meraih prestasi belajar yang baik, diperlukan motivasi belajar yang baik pula untuk mendorong mahasiswa dalam belajar. Oleh karena itu, motivasi belajar dan prestasi belajar merupakan hal yang saling berkaitan dan tidak terpisahkan. Salah satu yang menjadi tolak ukur dalam prestasi akademik, yaitu Indeks Prestasi (IP). Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa nilai IP kumulatif (IPK) mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran di Asia Tenggara, terutama di negara berkembang masih mempunyai potensi untuk lebih ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran motivasi belajar terhadap IPK mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran. Jenis penelitian ialah suau literature review dengan pencarian pada tiga database, yaitu Pubmed, ClinicalKey, dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci dalam pencarian artikel, yaitu “Motivation AND Grade Point Average AND Medical Faculty” & “Motivasi AND Indeks Prestasi AND Fakultas Kedokteran”. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 12 literatur dengan beragam metode penelitian. Sembilan literatur menunjukkan bahwa motivasi belajar berkaitan dengan performa belajar serta prestasi akademik, sementara tiga literatur lainnya menunjukkan bahwa motivasi belajar tidak mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan prestasi belajar mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah motivasi belajar merupakan salah satu dari banyak faktor yang dapat berkaitan dan berperan terhadap capaian IPK mahasiswa.
Kata kunci: motivasi belajar; indeks prestasi kumulatif; Fakultas Kedokteran
Akurasi Skor Alvarado pada Kasus Apendisitis
Authors: Siregar Gabriella H. Z. P. , Wagiu Angelica M. J. , Lampus Harsali F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The Alvarado score is the first scoring system developed and the most popular used to diagnose appendicitis, with claims to have advantages, namely high diagnostic accuracy, simple and effective. However, in several studies Alvarado's scores were found to be inaccurate and biased toward certain races, genders, and ages. Therefore, many new scoring systems have emerged to determine a more accurate diagnosis of appendicitis. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of the Alvarado score in cases of appendicitis. This was a literature review study using database of the Clinicalkey, Pubmed and Google Scholar and the PICOS framework selection criteria with the keywords 'accuracy' AND ‘alvarado score’ AND 'appendicitis' AND ‘Asia’ OR ‘Indonesia. The results showed that there was no significant difference in score accuracy found between age groups, but Alvarado's score was more accurate in males than in females. In this study, the average accuracy of the Alvarado score was: sensitivity 72.92%, specificity 67.17%, PPV 92%, NPV 35.8%, and DA 64.6%. in conclusion, the mean accuracy of the Alvarado score for diagnosing appendicitis cases in the Asian region shows that this score can still be used in daily practice. Accuracy of the diagnosis will increase if this scoring system is combined with USG or other biomarkers.
Keywords: Alvarado score; accuracy; appendicitis

Abstrak: Skor Alvarado merupakan sistem skor pertama yang dibentuk dan paling popular untuk mendiagnosis apendisitis, dengan klaim memiliki kelebihan yaitu akurasi diagnosis tinggi, sederhana dan efektif. Namun, dalam beberapa penelitian skor Alvarado dinilai kurang akurat dan bias terhadap ras, jenis kelamin, dan usia tertentu. Oleh karena itu, banyak bermunculan sistem skor baru dengan tujuan untuk menentukan diagnosis apendisitis yang lebih akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui akurasi skor Alvarado pada kasus apendisitis. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review menggunakan literatur pada Clinicalkey, Pubmed dan Google Cendekia dengan kriteria seleksi PICOS framework dan kata kunci 'accuracy' AND ‘alvarado score’ AND 'appendicitis' AND ‘Asia’ OR ‘Indonesia’ Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan tidak terdapat perbedaan akurasi skor yang bermakna dalam kelompok usia, akan tetapi skor Alvarado lebih akurat pada laki-laki dibandingkan perempuan. Pada studi ini didapatkan rerata akurasi dari skor Alvarado ialah: sensitivitas 72,92%; spesifisitas 67,17%; PPV 92%; NPV 35,8%; dan DA 64,6%. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah nilai rerata akurasi skor Alvarado untuk mendiagnosis kasus apendisitis di kawasan Asia menunjukkan bahwa skor ini masih dapat digunakan dalam praktik sehari-hari. Bila sistem skor ini dikombinasikan dengan pemeriksaan USG ataupun biomarker lainnya maka akurasi diagnosis akan meningkat.
Kata kunci: skor Alvarado; akurasi; apendisitis
EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF POSYANDU FOR TODDLERS IN THE NEW NORMAL ERA IN PEKALONGAN CITY
Authors: Andanawarih Putri , Jannah Miftachul 
Published: March 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic is a health problem that exists throughout the world. Because of the pandemic, community activities are strictly limited in order to prevent more transmission in the community by implementing large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) for 3 months in Indonesia. This situation greatly affects the whole condition of society , both in the socio - economic and health sectors. To overcome this, the government has declared a new normal condition. The new normal condition is a scenario to accelerate the handling of Covid-19 in health and socio-economic aspects. One of the main health sectors is the health of mothers and children, especially children under five. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a phenomenological approach, in the form of an evaluation analysis of the implementation of the new normal era of Posyandu for toddlers. The objective to evaluate the services of Posyandu for toddlers in the new normal era with agreement components, door to door and online. This research can contribute to health services, especially the implementation of Posyandu for toddlers in the new normal era. Methods: This research is a qualitative descriptive study with a phenomenological approach, in the form of an evaluation analysis of the implementation of posyandu for toddlers in new normal era. The study showed that the Posyandu services for toddlers were temporarily suspended at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic according to the formal letter signed by the Mayor of Pekalongan city, and restarted during New Normal by conducting some trials first through pilots in the green zone area of Covid19. The implementation of Posyandu during the New Normal era needs to comply with the Mayor’s formal letter of the Pekalongan City Health Service regarding the health protocol for the activities of the Posyandu services for toddlers. The conclusion is Posyandu activities for toddlers in the new normal era in Pekalongan City were carried out with the obligation to implement the Covid-19 prevention health protocol according to the direction of the Pekalongan City health department.
Keywords: Toddler; Posyandu; New Normal
THE EFFECT OF ONLINE AND OFFLINE LEARNING METHODS ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF STUDENTS
Authors: Bashir Asri , Mufida Nurlela 
Published: March 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world, Indonesia and Aceh Province has impacted various sectors. Not only the economic sector, the teaching and learning process is also disrupted. The teaching and learning process cannot be done face-to-face, to prevent the spread of the corona virus. Anticipating the transmission of the virus, the government has issued various policies, such as isolation, social and physical distancing to large-scale social restrictions (PSBB). The purpose of the study was to identify whether the influence of online and offline learning models on the psychological impact of STIKes Medika Nurul Islam students. The type of research used is quantitative with a one-sample quasi-experimental design. The number of respondents in this study amounted to 160 students with sampling techniques using random sampling techniques. In this study researchers assessed the psychological impact of students with 3 aspects, anxiety, stress and depression using a watershed questionnaire. The results of this study showed there was an influence of online and offline learning on the psychological impact of students with a value of < 0.05. student anxiety was obtained p value 0.010, student stress was obtained p value 0.023, and student depression was obtained p value 0.001. From the results of this study that there is an influence of online and offline learning methods on the psychological impact of students.
Keywords: Learning; Online; Offline; Psychological Impact; Student
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HB LEVELS AND PLACENTA PREVIA IN GRAVIDA PATIENTS
Authors: Nurrahma Herlin Ajeng , Intan Yulice Soraya Nur , Meliala Andreanyta , Narwidina Paramita 
Published: March 2023

A placenta previa develops in the lower part of the uterus, covering the internal uterine ostium entirely or partially. The risk of maternal and infant mortality and morbidity rises as the placenta's inadequate vascularization expands to cover the entire birth canal. Hemoglobin (Hb) level is a biochemical indicator to determine the nutritional status of pregnant women, and reduced blood supply to the placenta can be caused by a lack of Hb levels in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between Hb level in gravida patients and the incidence of placenta previa at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital, Semarang. This research was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design, which was conducted on 97 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data was taken from the patient's medical record document from January 2017 - January 2018 at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital. Analysis of the research data using the Chi-Square test. The findings revealed a significant correlation between Hb level and placenta previa incidence, low Hb levels (<11 g/dl) could significantly increase the risk of placenta previa in gravida patients.
Development of 2.2 μm cavity ring-down spectrometer for tritiated water analysis
Authors: Iwamoto Kazuki , Tomita Hideki , Terabayashi Ryohei , Sonnenschein Volker , Saito Keisuke 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A rapid and simple tritium analysis method is required for tracer application and the quantitative evaluation of radioactive waste. In this study, we focused on cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), which is an ultra-sensitive laser absorption spectroscopy, and developed a spectrometer for tritium analysis. A current modulation-assisted acoustic optical modulator switching method was developed in the prototype setup containing a 2.2 μm diode laser for accessing the 2ν1 absorption band of tritiated water vapor. The benefit of this switching method was investigated using the Allan deviation and compared to conventional acoustic optical modulator-only and current-only switching methods. Using the prototype setup with the proposed switching method, CRDS of stable H2O vapor was demonstrated. The detection limit for liquid tritium water analysis was estimated to be 2 × 101 kBq/10 μl for ten-minute measurements.
Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga Merah sebagai Pewarna Alami Minuman Probiotik Sari Buah Sirsak
Authors: Diajeng Sriyana Saraswati  , Yusmarini  , Dewi Fortuna Ayu  
Published: March 2023

Background Soursop is one type of fruit with high productivity, but its utilization is relatively less than other fruits. This imbalance causes many soursop fruits to be damaged, so it needs to be processed into functional food in the form of probiotic drinks. Making soursop fruit juice probiotic drink utilizes Lactobacillus plantarum 1 RN2-53 as a starter, but the resulting product has an unattractive color. The addition of red dragon fruit peel extract is expected to provide an attractive color and increase the nutritional value and benefits of probiotic drinks.
Research purposes The study aimed to obtain the best red dragon fruit peel-extract concentration as a natural dye for soursop probiotic drinks.
Method: The sample used was a soursop probiotic drink with the addition of red dragon fruit peel extract using five different concentration levels, namely 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. The Hunter color system method used a colorimeter to conduct the color test.
Results and Discussion: Red dragon fruit peel extract with 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% significantly affected the microbiological, Physico-chemical, and sensory characteristics of the soursop probiotic drink. Anthocyanin dyes in red dragon fruit peel increase a* value in the color test, the percentage of total titrated acid and total LAB, and decrease the pH value, b* value, and L* value in the color test.
Conclusion: The N5 treatment with the addition of 25% (b/b) concentration of red dragon fruit peel extract resulted in a pH value of 3.88, total acid titrated 0.71%, total LAB 9.22 log CFU/ml, color test value L* 24 ,19, color test a* 4.09 and color test b* -2.65.
Managerial Pattern and Work Relations at Traditional Pond in Pangkajene and the Island District (Milkfish Aquaculture Case in Bonto Manai Village)
Authors: Agusanty Harnita , Kasri Kasri , Khaeriyah Andi , Arief Andi Adri , Akbar Akbar , Gosari Beny Audy Jaya , Amir Faisal , Hasani M. Chasyim 
Published: March 2023

Improving the quality of traditional farmers on a technical, social and economic scale, is strongly influenced and determined by the capacity to carry out pond business activities related to managerial patterns and work relationships that are formed. This research was conducted in October – December 2021. Milkfish (Chanos-chanos) aquaculture business in Bonto Manai Village was chosen as the case, because the aquaculture system managed by the community is dominated the traditional aquaculture system. The purpose of this research is to analyze the knowledge of traditional aquaculture as a technical practice in managing aquaculture businesses, as well as to analyze the work relations of traditional aquaculture businesses which are internalized in the local culture of the community. The methodology used is a case research method with a descriptive qualitative data analysis approach described in the life history of the informants. The results showed that traditional farmers in milkfish (Chanos-chanos) aquaculture in Bonto Manai Village have acquired knowledge gained through experience passed down from generation to generation, starting from the construction and management of pond subgrade, seed stocking, rearing, harvest and post-harvest. Accompanied by rituals based on belief as a traditional value. The managerial pattern and work relations in the management of traditional pond business have three types of management, namely; aquaculture business which is self managed by the owner of the aquaculture land with involving two to three workers, aquaculture business which is managed based on a leasing system, and aquaculture business which is managed by a rapture system.
Keywords: Managerial Pattern, Work Relations, Traditional Pond, Milkfish
Singer’s algebraic transfer for all ranks s>5 and the negation of the dimension results for the graded spaces F2⊗A F2[x1,...,xs] in degrees s+ 5
Authors: Võ Phúc Đặng 
Published: March 2023

<p>Let $P_s:= \mathbb F_2[x_1,x_2,\ldots ,x_s]$ be the graded polynomial algebra over the prime field of two elements, $\mathbb F_2$, in $s$ variables $x_1, x_2, \ldots , x_s$, each of degree one. This algebra is considered as a graded module over the mod-2 Steenrod algebra, $\mathscr {A}$. The classical "hit problem", initiated by Frank Peterson [Abstracts Amer. Math. Soc. 833 (1987), 55-89], concerned with seeking a minimal set of $\mathscr A$-module $P_s.$ Equivalently, when $\mathbb F_2$ is an $\mathscr A$-module concentrated in degree 0, one can write down explicitly a monomial basis for the $\mathbb Z$-graded vector space over $\mathbb F_2$:</p>
<p>$$ QP_s:= \mathbb F_2 \otimes_{\mathscr A} P_s = P_s/\mathscr A^+\cdot P_s,$$</p>
<p>where $\mathscr A^{+}$ denotes the augmentation ideal of $\mathscr A.$ The problem is unresolved in general. In this paper, we study the hit problem for $P_s$ with $s\geq 5.$ More explicitly, we first compute explicitly the dimension of $QP_s$ for $s = 5$ in the generic degree $21\cdot 2^{t}-5$ with $t = 1.$ Note that the problem when $t = 0$ was solved by N. Sum [Vietnam J. Math. 49 (2021), 1079-1096]. Next, we study the dimension of $QP_s$ in degrees $s+5$ for $8\leq s\leq 9.$ This study corrects some results in Moetele and Mothebe's paper [East-West Journal of Mathematics 18 (2016), 151-170]. We also give an explicit formula for the dimension of $QP_s$ in degree $14$ for all $s > 0$ and in degree $15$ for all $s > 0,\, s\neq 10.$ As applications, we investigate William Singer's conjecture [Math. Z. 202 (1989), 493-523] on the algebraic transfer of rank $5$ in degrees $21\cdot 2^{t}-5$ for all $t\geq 0$ and of ranks $s > 0$ in internal degrees $d,\, 13\leq d\leq 15.$ This is a completely new result of proving the Singer conjecture for all ranks $s$ in certain internal degrees. In particular, our results have shown that any element in the $Sq^{0}$-families $\{\chi_t=(Sq^{0})^{t}(\chi_0)\in {\rm Ext}_{\mathscr A}^{5, 21\cdot 2^{t+1}}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2)|\, t\geq 0\}$ and $\{D_1(t)=(Sq^{0})^{t}(D_1(0))\in {\rm Ext}_{\mathscr A}^{5, 57\cdot 2^{t}}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2)|\, t\geq 0\}$ belongs to the image of the algebraic transfer of rank $5.$ For higher ranks, we explore the behavior of the algebraic transfer of rank 7 in the generic degrees $23\cdot 2^{t}-7$ for $t = 0$ and $\ell\cdot 2^{t}-7$ for $\ell\in \{9,\, 16\},\, t\leq 3.$ Our results then claim that the non-zero elements $Pc_0\in {\rm Ext}_{\mathscr A}^{7, 23\cdot 2^{0}}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2),$\ $k_0 = k\in {\rm Ext}_{\mathscr A}^{7, 9\cdot 2^{2}}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2)$ and $h_6D_2\in {\rm Ext}_{\mathscr A}^{7, 2^{7}}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2)$ are not in the image of the transfer, and that every indecomposable element in the $Sq^{0}$-family $\{Q_2(t) = (Sq^{0})^{t}(Q_2(0))\in {\rm Ext}^{7, 2^{t+6}}_{\mathscr A}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2):\, t\geq 0\}$ belongs to the image of the transfer.</p>
A Boolean Algebra Based Rule Extraction Algorithm That Extracts If-then Classification Rules from Three-layer Neural Networks with General Inputs
Authors: Hwang Chun-Kai 
Published: March 2023

<p> We present a Boolean algebra based algorithm to extract if-then classification rules from supervised learning feedforward neural networks to solve the black-box problem of the decision process of the neural networks. This algorithm is called the BAB-G rule extraction algorithm, which stands for Boolean Algebra Based for General inputs. According to the concept of discretizing continuous hidden neuron activation values, we present the BAB-G rule extraction algorithm, which can be applied to three-layer feedforward neural networks with discrete, continuous, or mixed inputs. The antecedent parts of the if-then rules obtained from this algorithm are slanting hyperplanes. During the rule extraction procedure, redundant hidden neurons can be removed without affecting the functionality of the neural networks. Some empirical results on the data sets from the UCI repository of machine learning database are given for comparing our rule extraction algorithm and C5.0 decision tree algorithm. For these datasets, statistical hypothesis tests show that the rules obtained from our algorithm achieve the same classification accuracy as the neural networks. Moreover, our rules are better than the C5.0 decision tree both on comprehensibility and on accuracy for these datasets. </p>
A Quasi-Lumped Hybrid Technique to Design Compact Harmonic Suppressed Narrow Band Stop Filter with Extended Upper Pass Band
Authors: Singh Shailendra 
Published: March 2023

<p> This paper presents a hybrid technique based compact narrow band stop filter (BSF) design for broadband applications. It provides the rejection of 60 dB at the center frequency of 2.25 GHz without any stop band harmonics over the required frequency band of operation i.e., 1-10 GHz. This filter is highly appropriate for the rejection of undesired band for RADAR, EW Avionics, and military communications. </p>