bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gossypiboma as a rare complication of septoplasty procedure: case report and review of literatures
Authors: Ebeid Kamal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Foreign body granuloma due to retained surgical sponge is also called gossypiboma. Only one case of nasal septum gossypiboma has been reported.
In this report, we present a case of retained surgical sponge at the septoplasty site.

Case presentation
A 16-year-old male patient came to our emergency department complaining of nasal obstruction associated with low-grade fever. With past history of septoplasty 3 months ago. Endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity revealed bilateral smooth swelling of the nasal septum, no fluid was detected with aspiration. A CT scan of the nose and paranasal sinuses revealed significant posterior septal swelling. A consent had been taken from the parents, and the patient was prepared for endoscopic exploration under general anesthesia. Elevation of bilateral mucoperichondrial and mucoperiosteal flaps was done. There was a firm swelling with intense reaction all around, after meticulous dissection of this lesion and was delivered with Blakesley forceps. On closer examination it was a missed cotton ball. The patient follow-up for 12 months was excellent with complete disappearance of his complaints.

Conclusions
Retained surgical items should be considered in the differential diagnosis of post-operative nasal septum swellings. Sponges used for nasal surgery should be of appropriate size and attached to a thread and should be counted.
Prevalence and prognostic significance of chronic respiratory diseases among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection: a single-center study
Authors: Abdelghany E. , Abdelfattah Rasha A. , Shehata S. Rabea , Abdelaziz A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
WHO recognized the COVID-19 outbreak in China as a pandemic crisis on March 11, 2020. Patients with chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) have limited physiological reserve; this lead to the assumption that COVID-19 infection in such patients could carry worse prognosis.

Aim of study
To detect the prevalence and prognostic significance of CRDs among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection.

Methods
The study was carried out at Minia Cardiothoracic University Hospital; all hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the period from January 2021 to August 2021 were included.
Patients were subjected to full medical history taking, full blood count, inflammatory markers (CRP, serum ferritin, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), serum D-dimer, PCR for COVID-19 infection), and HRCT chest.
Need for and duration of mechanical ventilation whether invasive or non-invasive, duration of hospital stay, and condition at hospital discharge were recorded.
Diagnosis for chronic respiratory disease was considered when patients have documented previous history and investigations compatible with the diagnosis, e.g., previous pulmonary function tests, chest CT, or sleep study.

Results
Comorbid chronic respiratory diseases were present in 57 patients (17.6%). Regarding presenting symptoms, no significant difference exists between patients with and without CRDs except for sputum production which was more frequent among patients with underlying CRDs.
Elevated inflammatory markers (ferritin, D-dimer, and LDH) were more frequently observed in patients without CRDs (p < 0.0001, 0.033, and 0.008, respectively).
COVID-19 with comorbid CRDs patients were more hypoxemic at presentation than other patients (p = 0.032).
There was significant number of COVID-19 patients with CRDs were discharged on home oxygen therapy (p = 0.003).
Regarding mortality in our cohort of patients, no significant difference exist between patients with and without CRDs (p 0.374)
Among patients with comorbid CRDs, the highest mortality was observed on patients with OSA followed by ILDS and then COPD.

Conclusion
The presence of CRD was not found to be a poor prognostic value of COVID-19. Inflammatory markers (ferritin, D-dimer, and LDH) were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients without CRD than COVID-19 with CRD.
Robust and efficient waveform-based velocity-model building by optimal transport in the pseudotime domain: Methodology
Authors: Provenzano Giuseppe , Brossier Romain , Métivier Ludovic 
Published: December 2022

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) aims at a broadband reconstruction of the subsurface physical properties by fitting the entire recorded wavefield. In realistic exploration seismic surveys, however, conventional FWI often fails to retrieve the deep velocity model due to the limited penetration depth of diving waves. Joint FWI (JFWI) unifies reflection-waveform inversion and early arrival waveform inversion to reconstruct simultaneously the shallow and deep subsurface kinematics. However, several factors limit the appeal of JFWI velocity-model building: (1) conflict between fixed reflectivity and evolving kinematics, creating phase ambiguity at short offsets; (2) susceptibility to cycle skipping at mid-to-long offsets, thus reliance on the quality of the starting model; and (3) cost of building and updating the reflective model. We have developed a fully operational JFWI-based methodology that systematically addresses the aforementioned issues. JFWI is reformulated in the pseudotime domain, to enforce consistency between velocity and reflectivity in a cost-effective fashion, without repeated least-squares migrations. A JFWI graph-space optimal transport (GSOT) objective function is designed to avert cycle skipping, whereas nonuniqueness is mitigated at no extra cost by smoothing the velocity gradient along the structures extracted from the reflective model. A dedicated asymptotic-based preconditioner is developed for impedance waveform inversion, making it possible to obtain sharp and balanced reflective images in a fraction of the time. We determine that pseudotime GSOT-JFWI retrieves complex velocity macromodels from limited-offset data sets with minimal preprocessing, starting from noninformative initial solutions. Compared with depth-domain JFWI, the computing cost is reduced significantly, along with a simpler and less subjective design of data weighting and inversion strategy. Pseudotime GSOT-JFWI provides FWI with the necessary low wavenumbers to converge to the broadband model, reducing the need for accurate starting models, on the road to a fully waveform-based imaging workflow.
Outcomes of Infants and Young Children With Relapsed Medulloblastoma After Initial Craniospinal Irradiation–Sparing Approaches: An International Cohort Study
Authors: Erker Craig , Mynarek Martin , Bailey Simon , Mazewski Claire M. , Baroni Lorena , Massimino Maura , Hukin Juliette , Aguilera Dolly , Cappellano Andrea M. , Ramaswamy Vijay , Lassaletta Alvaro , Perreault Sébastien , Kline Cassie N. , Rajagopal Revathi , Michaiel George , Zapotocky Michal , Santa-Maria Lopez Vicente , La Madrid Andres Morales , Cacciotti Chantel , Sandler Eric S. , Hoffman Lindsey M. , Klawinski Darren , Khan Sara , Salloum Ralph , Hoppmann Anna L. , Larouche Valérie , Dorris Kathleen , Toledano Helen , Gilheeney Stephen W. , Abdelbaki Mohamed S. , Wilson Beverly , Tsang Derek S. , Knipstein Jeffrey , Oren Michal Yalon , Shah Shafqat , Murray Jeffrey C. , Ginn Kevin F. , Wang Zhihong J. , Fleischhack Gudrun , Obrecht Denise , Tonn Svenja , Harrod Virginia L. , Matheson Kara , Crooks Bruce , Strother Douglas R. , Cohen Kenneth J. , Hansford Jordan R. , Mueller Sabine , Margol Ashley , Gajjar Amar , Dhall Girish , Finlay Jonathan L. , Northcott Paul A. , Rutkowski Stefan , Clifford Steven C. , Robinson Giles , Bouffet Eric , Lafay-Cousin Lucie 
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE Infant and young childhood medulloblastoma (iMB) is usually treated without craniospinal irradiation (CSI) to avoid neurocognitive late effects. Unfortunately, many children relapse. The purpose of this study was to assess salvage strategies and prognostic features of patients with iMB who relapse after CSI-sparing therapy. METHODS We assembled a large international cohort of 380 patients with relapsed iMB, age younger than 6 years, and initially treated without CSI. Univariable and multivariable Cox models of postrelapse survival (PRS) were conducted for those treated with curative intent using propensity score analyses to account for confounding factors. RESULTS The 3-year PRS, for 294 patients treated with curative intent, was 52.4% (95% CI, 46.4 to 58.3) with a median time to relapse from diagnosis of 11 months. Molecular subgrouping was available for 150 patients treated with curative intent, and 3-year PRS for sonic hedgehog (SHH), group 4, and group 3 were 60%, 84%, and 18% ( P = .0187), respectively. In multivariable analysis, localized relapse ( P = .0073), SHH molecular subgroup ( P = .0103), CSI use after relapse ( P = .0161), and age ≥ 36 months at initial diagnosis ( P = .0494) were associated with improved survival. Most patients (73%) received salvage CSI, and although salvage chemotherapy was not significant in multivariable analysis, its use might be beneficial for a subset of children receiving salvage CSI < 35 Gy ( P = .007). CONCLUSION A substantial proportion of patients with relapsed iMB are salvaged after initial CSI-sparing approaches. Patients with SHH subgroup, localized relapse, older age at initial diagnosis, and those receiving salvage CSI show improved PRS. Future prospective studies should investigate optimal CSI doses and the role of salvage chemotherapy in this population.
Education–Occupation Mismatch and Nativity Inequality Among Highly Educated U.S. Workers
Authors: Li Xiaoguang , Lu Yao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Extensive research has documented persistent nativity inequality in the U.S. labor market, even among high-skilled immigrants. Yet, this phenomenon has not been sufficiently explained. This study investigates whether different types of education–occupation mismatch are a source of this inequality. Using longitudinal data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation, we examine nativity differences in the incidence and wage penalty of education–occupation mismatch among highly educated workers. The results demonstrate that high-skilled immigrants, especially those with foreign degrees, are more vulnerable to vertical and horizontal mismatch and suffer higher wage penalties from mismatched employment than similarly educated native-born workers. Auxiliary analyses show that the disadvantage foreign-educated skilled immigrants experience is largely concentrated among immigrants from countries with lower quality tertiary education, immigrants with lower English proficiency, and those with degrees in non-STEM fields and fields with demanding licensing requirements. These results point to skilled immigrants' limited human capital transferability, which stems from the quality and applicability of educational credentials, language proficiency, and institutional barriers.
Collaboration and knowledge integration for successful brain therapeutics – lessons learned from the pandemic
Authors: Loza Maria Isabel , Hmeljak Julija , Bountra Chas , Audia James E. , Chowdhury Sohini , Weiman Shannon , Merchant Kalpana , Blanco Maria-Jesus 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Brain diseases are a major cause of death and disability worldwide and contribute significantly to years of potential life lost. Although there have been considerable advances in biological mechanisms associated with brain disorders as well as drug discovery paradigms in recent years, these have not been sufficiently translated into effective treatments. This Special Article expands on Keystone Symposia's pre- and post-pandemic panel discussions on translational neuroscience research. In the article, we discuss how lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic can catalyze critical progress in translational research, with efficient collaboration bridging the gap between basic discovery and clinical application. To achieve this, we must place patients at the center of the research paradigm. Furthermore, we need commitment from all collaborators to jointly mitigate the risk associated with the research process. This will require support from investors, the public sector and pharmaceutical companies to translate disease mechanisms into world-class drugs. We also discuss the role of scientific publishing in supporting these models of open innovation. Open science journals can now function as hubs to accelerate progress from discovery to treatments, in neuroscience in particular, making this process less tortuous by bringing scientists together and enabling them to exchange data, tools and knowledge effectively. As stakeholders from a broad range of scientific professions, we feel an urgency to advance brain disease therapies and encourage readers to work together in tackling this challenge.
A cross-sectional study on assessment of spiritual health and its associated factors among undergraduate students in a medical college in Mangalore, Karnataka
Authors: Raghuveer Pracheth , Bhatia Ravjot , Motappa Rohith , Sachith Malavika 
Published: December 2022

Background: Spirituality and spiritual health are an integral component of an individual’s health and wellbeing. Among medical undergraduates and professionals, spiritual health has positive effects on the individual by decreasing burnout, psychological distress, and rates of substance abuse. Spiritual health is also correlated with increased satisfaction and meaning in life. Spiritual health also influences future patient care, builds patient- provider communication channels, and improves patient outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the spiritual health levels of medical undergraduates in a medical college, in Karnataka, India, and to identify the factors associated with it. Using a pre-designed, validated semi-structed questionnaire, 600 medical undergraduates were approached and provided the forms. Spiritual health was assessed across the three domains of self-development, self-actualization, and self-realization using the Spiritual Health Assessment Scale (SHAS). Results: A total of 436 medical undergraduates participated. Majority (67.7%) of participants were girls. Most (62%) were found to have fair spiritual health with a large portion of the rest (36%) having good spiritual health and 2% had poor spiritual health. A significant association was found between spiritual health and the father’s (p=0.005) and mother’s (p=0.012) education levels. Spiritual health was also found to be associated with living in a nuclear family (p=0.04). Conclusions: Majority of the medical undergraduates had fair spiritual health. Parents' education levels and nuclear family were significantly associated with spiritual health.
Case Report: Endotracheal tube as life-saving tool to control an aortic rupture in intensive care unit
Authors: Campanella Ciro , Abbass Mohannad , Marzi Umberto , Masini Franco , Lentini Salvatore 
Published: December 2022

Background: Aortic rupture and suture dehiscence can complicate a cardiac operation, especially in case of infections of the surgical site. Such a complication can be life-threatening and require immediate surgical treatment. Case: We report the case of a 13-year-old girl who suffered a sudden dehiscence of the aortic suture line in the context of deep sternal wound infection, while in the surgical intensive care unit after a double valve replacement. Control of bleeding was obtained by the insertion of an endotracheal tube into the ascending aorta and inflation of the tube cuff to plug the aortic bleeding point. The extracorporeal circulation was then established and under deep hypothermic arrest the defect was successfully repaired. The patient was discharged 14 days after surgery and reviewed at the outpatient clinic in good health. Conclusions: An endotracheal tube can be used in cases of uncontrollable aortic bleeding as a life-saving tool to bridge the patient to adequate surgical treatment.
Investigating the circulating sphingolipidome response to a single high-intensity interval training session within healthy females and males in their twenties (SphingoHIIT): Protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Carrard Justin , Angst Thomas , Weber Nadia , Bienvenue Joëlle , Infanger Denis , Streese Lukas , Hinrichs Timo , Croci Ilaria , Schmied Christian , Gallart-Ayala Hector , Höchsmann Christoph , Koehler Karsten , Hanssen Henner , Ivanisevic Julijana , Schmidt-Trucksäss Arno 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Growing scientific evidence indicates that sphingolipids predict cardiometabolic risk, independently of and beyond traditional biomarkers such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. To date, it remains largely unknown if and how exercise, a simple, low-cost, and patient-empowering modality to optimise cardiometabolic health, influences sphingolipid levels. The SphingoHIIT study aims to assess the response of circulating sphingolipid species to a single session of high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Methods: This single-centre randomised controlled trial (RCT) will last 11 days per participant and aim to include 32 young and healthy individuals aged 20-29 (50% females). Participants will be randomly allocated to the HIIT (n= 16) or control groups (physical rest, n= 16). Participants will self-sample fasted dried blood spots for three consecutive days before the intervention (HIIT versus rest) to determine baseline sphingolipid levels. Dried blood spots will also be collected at five time points (2, 15, 30, 60min, and 24h) following the intervention (HIIT versus rest). To minimise the dietary influence, participants will receive a standardised diet for four days, starting 24 hours before the first dried blood sampling. For females, interventions will be timed to fall within the early follicular phase to minimise the menstrual cycle's influence on sphingolipid levels. Finally, physical activity will be monitored for the whole study duration using a wrist accelerometer. Ethics and dissemination: The Ethics Committee of Northwest and Central Switzerland approved this protocol (ID 2022–00513). Findings will be disseminated in scientific journals and meetings. Trial Registration The trial was registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05390866, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05390866) on May 25, 2022.
Perception of nurses, medical laboratory scientists, and midwives toward coronavirus vaccination in Khartoum State, 2021—a cross sectional study
Authors: Abdelrahman Abrar Tariq , A'lam Elhuda Daffalla , Tariq Abdelnabi Hala , Ahmed Abdelfatah Abdellateef , Abd Alla Ahmed Bakheet 
Published: December 2022

Background: Nurses, medical laboratory scientists and midwives comprise a large portion of healthcare personnel. Healthcare personnel have an important role in guiding and encouraging patients and communities, and showing role modeling behavior. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and explore the perception of nurses, medical laboratory scientists, and midwives toward coronavirus vaccination. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional facility-based study was conducted. Data were collected using an online Google form questionnaire. Demographic variables were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. The association between independent variables and the decision of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine were evaluated by binary logistic regression and Chi-square test. Results: In this study, 375 responses were collected, of which 324 (86.4%) were female. The majority of the participants (73.9%) were aged between 20 and 30 years. There were 160 (42.7%) medical laboratory scientists, 145 (38.7%) nurses, and 70 (18.7%) midwives. More than half of the participants (53.6%) accepted receiving vaccination against COVID-19. Results showed a positive correlation of vaccine acceptance with nurses, medical laboratory scientists, and midwives, suggesting that they are more likely to be vaccinated. Conclusion: There was a good perception towards COVID-19 vaccination, as 53.4% of the participants accepted receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, which is a good rate for acceptance. This finding has a positive impact on the whole vaccination process, as the recommendations of medical laboratory scientists, nurses, and midwives affect the behavior of the general population toward vaccination.
Development of the lexicon, trained panel validation and sensory profiling of new ready-to-eat plant-based "meatballs" in tomato sauce
Authors: Talens Clara , Lago Maider , Illanes Eder , Baranda Ana , Ibargüen Mónica , Santa Cruz Elena 
Published: December 2022

Background: Providing educational content for children and parents can promote healthy nutritional habits. During the TITAN project, a pilot digital contest where participants have to developed ready-to-eat meatballs in sauce, using only plant-based ingredients, will be tested. The objective of this study was to develop the lexicon needed to objectively assess the sensory profile of this product. Methods: Eight judges were recruited and trained. Thirteen 1-hour sessions took place over three months. The steps followed were the selection of commercial reference, generation of descriptors, training of the panel, validation of the trained panel and product characterisation. The judges chose one commercial reference (using simple hedonic evaluation) to serve as a reference. The accepted intensity scale for the generated descriptors was from 0 (low intensity) to 9 (very intense). To test the first versions of the game, food product developers involved in the project, acted as participants, and used a mix of lentils, quinoa, and oats to enhance the commercial version. R-project software was used to analyse the performance of the panel and the sensory profiles. Results: A glossary with 14 descriptors was generated. The discriminatory capacity of the panel was confirmed by examining the significance of the product effect (p < 0.05). The product–judge interaction was not significant (p > 0.05) for most of the evaluated attributes, indicating a good degree of panel agreement. Overall, the panel was considered reproducible after 9 sessions. Although the appearance, firmness, fragility and chewiness were considered similar to the reference, juiciness and taste (understood as meaty flavour) of the new product were deemed improved. Conclusions: According to the panel, two of the most appreciated attributes associated with meat analogues, juiciness and taste, were improved compared to the commercial reference. Therefore, the first approach for further development of the contest/game was validated.