bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total gastrectomy as a risk factor for postoperative loss of skeletal muscle in minimally invasive surgery for patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Yoshida Shinya , Nishigori Tatsuto , Maekawa Hisatsugu , Hoshino Nobuaki , Hisamori Shigeo , Tsunoda Shigeru , Kobayashi Ami , Nobori Yukiko , Shide Kenichiro , Inagaki Nobuya , Obama Kazutaka 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeLoss of skeletal muscle mass after gastrectomy for gastric cancer leads to decreased quality of life and poor postoperative survival. However, few studies have examined the postoperative loss of skeletal muscle mass following minimally invasive gastrectomy. This study investigated the impact of minimally invasive total gastrectomy (MI‐TG) on changes in skeletal muscle mass during the early postoperative period.MethodsPatients who underwent MI‐TG or minimally invasive distal or proximal gastrectomy (MI‐nonTG) for cStage I‐III gastric cancer were retrospectively analyzed (n = 58 vs. 182). Their body composition was measured before surgery and 2 months after surgery. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to clarify the impact of the surgical procedure on skeletal muscle index changes using clinically relevant covariates.ResultsSkeletal muscle mass decreased more in the MI‐TG group than in the MI‐nonTG group (median [interquartile range]; −5.9% [−10.6, −3.7] vs −4.5% [−7.3, −1.9], P = 0.004). In multivariable linear regression analysis using clinically relevant covariates, MI‐TG was an independent risk factor for postoperative loss of skeletal muscle mass (coefficient − 2.6%, 95% CI −4.5 to −0.68, P = 0.008).ConclusionsTotal gastrectomy was a risk factor for loss of skeletal muscle mass during the early postoperative period. If oncologically feasible, proximal or distal gastrectomy with a small remnant stomach should be considered.
Isobutyric acid promotes colorectal cancer metastasis through activating RACK1
Authors: Chen Jinglian , Tang Jiali , Wang Han , Mei Jiale , Wei Xinjie , Qin Xiangqing , Lin Qiuhua , Huang Zhongnan , Tang Weizhong , Luo Tao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis plays a crucial role in disease progression, yet the regulatory mechanisms underlying metastasis remain incompletely understood. Isobutyric acid (IBA), a short‐chain fatty acid found at high levels in serum of CRC patients, has been shown to be a critical metabolite influencing CRC proliferation. However, its role in tumor metastasis remains unknown. Here, utilizing liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) analysis, we found that levels of IBA were significantly higher in patients with distant organ metastasis of CRC than in those without. Furthermore, IBA promoted CRC metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mass spectrometry, immunofluorescence, and cellular thermal shift assay revealed that IBA interacts with RACK1. Mechanistically, IBA binding to and activating RACK1 promotes regulation of downstream Akt and FAK signaling and CRC metastasis. Collectively, our study highlights the critical interplay between IBA and RACK1 and its impact on tumor metastasis. This study suggests that targeting the IBA–RACK1 signaling axis may be an effective therapeutic strategy for controlling CRC metastasis.
Impact of pulpectomy versus tooth extraction in children's oral health‐related quality of life: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Abanto Jenny , Tsakos Georgios , Olegário Isabel Cristina , Paiva Saul Martins , Mendes Fausto Medeiros , Ardenghi Thiago Machado , Bönecker Marcelo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the impact of two management options for primary molars with pulp necrosis (pulpectomy or extraction) on children's oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL).DesignA total of 100 children aged 3–5 years with at least one necrotic primary molar were selected and randomized into the study groups. The Brazilian version of early childhood oral health impact scale (B‐ECOHIS) was completed by the parent proxy reports at baseline and after 4, 8 and 12 months. Differences between the trial groups were assessed through bootstrap linear regression for B‐ECOHIS scores, logistic regression for dental pain self‐reports and anxiety scores (α = 5%).ResultsThe mean (SD) B‐ECOHIS scores at baseline and after 12 months were 17.7 (6.5) and 3.0 (4.0) in the pulpectomy group and 18.8 (7.7) and 7.9 (7.7) in the extraction group. Both treatments significantly improved OHRQoL, but tooth extraction group showed higher scores in total B‐ECOHIS (p < .001) and most domains, indicating lower OHRQoL. Furthermore, higher anxiety levels were reported for dental extraction compared to pulpectomy (OR = 2.52; p = .008).ConclusionPulpectomy resulted in an improved OHRQoL scores after 12 months when compared to tooth extraction and should be considered as the treatment of choice for necrotic primary molars.
Association between smoking and peri‐implant diseases: A retrospective study
Authors: Martinez‐Amargant J. , de Tapia B. , Pascual A. , Takamoli J. , Esquinas C. , Nart J. , Valles C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the association between tobacco and peri‐implant diseases in a sample of patients who had received implant‐supported restorations in a university dental clinic. Furthermore, the study aimed to investigate patient‐ and implant‐related variables associated with peri‐implant diseases.Materials and MethodsThe present retrospective study analyzed data from 117 patients treated with implant‐supported restorations from 2001 to 2013. A total of 450 implants were evaluated. Patients were selected from an electronic database, and patient‐ and implant‐related variables were evaluated. Detailed information regarding the smoking history (i.e., smoking status, lifetime cumulative dose, duration of exposure, intensity of the habit, and smoking cessation) was recorded. The primary study outcome was peri‐implant status [i.e., health (H), peri‐implant mucositis (PM) and peri‐implantitis (PI)]. Univariate and multinomial regression models comparing PM and PI versus peri‐implant health were conducted.ResultsA total of 117 subjects [55 (47%) females and 62 (53%) males] with a mean age at examination of 64.2 years (SD 11.6) and rehabilitated with 450 implants were included. The average number of implants per patient was 4.6 (SD 3.3) with a mean time in function of 8.0 years (SD 1.9). Fifty‐six patients (47.9%) were non‐smokers, 42 (35.9%) were former‐smokers, and 19 (16.2%) were current‐smokers. Thirty‐nine subjects (33.4%) were H, whereas 41 (35%) and 37 (31.6%) exhibited PM and PI, respectively. At implant level, the corresponding values were 142 (31.6%), 230 (51.1%) and 78 (17.3%). In the multinomial regression model, significant associations for peri‐implant diseases were observed for the mean number of implants per patient (p = .016), function time (p = .048), implants placed simultaneously with guided bone regeneration (p = .016), implant surface (p = .020), keratinized mucosa at the buccal aspect (p = .032), and access to interproximal hygiene (p < .001). In addition, ever smokers >23 pack‐years exhibited a significantly higher risk for peri‐implantitis (p = .002). Finally, the multinomial regression analysis revealed that subjects who had stopped smoking more than 21 years before the last examination presented a significantly lower risk of peri‐implant diseases than a smoking cessation of ≤21 years (p = .028).ConclusionsSmoke intensity was associated with an increased risk of the development of peri‐implantitis. Moreover, the risk of peri‐implant diseases might be similar in those subjects who had stopped smoking for more than 21 years with respect to never‐smokers.
Visual Heuristics for Verb Production: Testing a Deep‐Learning Model With Experiments in Japanese
Authors: Chang Franklin , Tatsumi Tomoko , Hiranuma Yuna , Bannard Colin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTense/aspect morphology on verbs is often thought to depend on event features like telicity, but it is not known how speakers identify these features in visual scenes. To examine this question, we asked Japanese speakers to describe computer‐generated animations of simple actions with variation in visual features related to telicity. Experiments with adults and children found that they could use goal information in the animations to select appropriate past and progressive verb forms. They also produced a large number of different verb forms. To explain these findings, a deep‐learning model of verb production from visual input was created that could produce a human‐like distribution of verb forms. It was able to use visual cues to select appropriate tense/aspect morphology. The model predicted that video duration would be related to verb complexity, and past tense production would increase when it received the endpoint as input. These predictions were confirmed in a third study with Japanese adults. This work suggests that verb production could be tightly linked to visual heuristics that support the understanding of events.
Disseminated and penile mpox with histopathologic correlation: Two separate case reports
Authors: Koh Stephen S. , Youssef Sherry M. , Baghchechi Mohsen , Chang Crystal T. , Kolev Johann , Shay Anthony C. , Lau Sean K. , Cassarino David S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe 2022–2023 mpox outbreak is a global worldwide concern, especially since the virus was previously mainly localized regionally in Central and West Africa. The infection is typically self‐limiting and transmitted by close contact/exposure with infected material. Recent cases have been known to present atypically without prodromal symptoms and initially with skin lesions. The histopathology of mpox lesions is rarely reported. Here, we present two middle‐aged males presenting initially with painless skin lesions confirmed for mpox by nucleic acid amplification assay. Skin biopsies of the lesion were available for clinicopathologic correlation. Histopathology demonstrated ulceration with viral cytopathologic changes.
Phenotypic clues that predict underlying cytogenetic/genetic abnormalities in myeloid malignancies: A contemporary review
Authors: Stone Michael , Lilley Cullen M. , Tang Guilin , Loghavi Sanam , Mirza Kamran M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrecise subclassification of myeloid malignancies per the World Health Organization (WHO) classification system and the International Consensus Classification of Myeloid Neoplasms and Acute Leukaemias (ICC) requires investigation and documentation of the presence of cytogenetic and/or molecular genetic changes. These ancillary studies not only help in diagnosis, but also the prognosis of disease; however, they take time to be completed. In contrast, morphological evaluation of material from the blood and bone marrow specimens of cases where myeloid malignancies are suspected is usually completed quickly. Cytomorphological assessment may predict genetic changes and can be helpful in triaging acuity. This is especially true in haematological emergencies such as acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), where prompt APL‐specific therapy can be life changing. Similarly, some morphological clues may help identify core binding factor leukaemias where a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) could be rendered without reaching the 20% blast cutoff with immediate treatment‐decision implications, or even a subset of cases of AML with FLT3 ITD/NPM1 mutation(s) which show characteristic features. Even though FISH/cytogenetics and/or PCR are still required for establishing the final diagnosis, evaluation for the presence of specific cytomorphological features that help predict genetic changes can be a useful tool to help guide early therapy.
Understanding and preventing the advertisement and sale of illicit drugs to young people through social media: A multidisciplinary scoping review
Authors: Fuller Ashly , Vasek Marie , Mariconti Enrico , Johnson Shane D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIssuesThe sale of illicit drugs online has expanded to mainstream social media apps. These platforms provide access to a wide audience, especially children and adolescents. Research is in its infancy and scattered due to the multidisciplinary aspects of the phenomena.ApproachWe present a multidisciplinary systematic scoping review on the advertisement and sale of illicit drugs to young people. Peer‐reviewed studies written in English, Spanish and French were searched for the period 2015 to 2022. We extracted data on users, drugs studied, rate of posts, terminology used and study methodology.Key FindingsA total of 56 peer‐reviewed papers were included. The analysis of these highlights the variety of drugs advertised and platforms used to do so. Various methodological designs were considered. Approaches to detecting illicit content were the focus of many studies as algorithms move from detecting drug‐related keywords to drug selling behaviour. We found that on average, for the studies reviewed, 13 in 100 social media posts advertise illicit drugs. However, popular platforms used by adolescents are rarely studied.ImplicationsPromotional content is increasing in sophistication to appeal to young people, shifting towards healthy, glamourous and seemingly legal depictions of drugs. Greater inter‐disciplinary collaboration between computational and qualitative approaches are needed to comprehensively study the sale and advertisement of illegal drugs on social media across different platforms. This requires coordinated action from researchers, policy makers and service providers.
Outsourcing the Business of Development: The Rise of For‐profit Consultancies in the UK Aid Sector
Authors: Whitty Brendan , Sklair Jessica , Gilbert Paul Robert , Mawdsley Emma , Russon Jo‐Anna , Taylor Olivia 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTWhile much attention has been paid to the ways in which the private sector is now embedded within the field of development, one group of actors — for‐profit development consultancies and contractors, or service providers — has received relatively little attention. This article analyses the growing role of for‐profit consultancies and contractors in British aid delivery, which has been driven by two key trends: first, the outsourcing of managerial, audit and knowledge‐management functions as part of efforts to bring private sector approaches and skills into public spending on aid; and second, the reconfiguration of aid spending towards markets and the private sector, and away from locally embedded, state‐focused aid programming. The authors argue that both trends were launched under New Labour in the early 2000s, and super‐charged under successive Conservative governments. The resulting entanglement means that the policies and practices of the UK government's aid agencies, and the interests and forms of for‐profit service providers, are increasingly mutually constitutive. Amongst other implications, this shift acts to displace traditional forms of contestation and accountability of aid delivery.
Both epilepsy and anti‐seizure medications affect bone metabolism in children with self‐limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes
Authors: Shi Xiu‐Yu , Ju Jun , Lu Qian , Hu Lin‐Yan , Tian Ya‐Ping , Guo Guang‐Hong , Liu Zhi‐Sheng , Wu Ge‐Fei , Zhu Hong‐Min , Zhang Yu‐Qin , Li Dong , Gao Li , Yang Liu , Wang Chun‐Yu , Liao Jian‐Xiang , Wang Ji‐Wen , Zhou Shui‐Zhen , Wang Hua , Li Xiao‐Jing , Gao Jing‐Yun , Zhang Li , Shu Xiao‐Mei , Li Dan , Li Yan , Chen Chun‐Hong , Zhang Xiu‐Ju , Zhong Jian‐Min , Zhai Qiong‐Xiang , Sun Yan‐Hong , Lin Xue‐Feng , Ren Rong‐Na , Yin Fei , Chen Yan‐Hui , Jia Fei‐Yong , Yang Zhi‐Xian , Wang Ju‐Li , Xia Zhe‐Zhi , Wang Li‐Wen , Luo Rong , Zou Li‐Ping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveBone metabolism can be influenced by a range of factors. We selected children with self‐limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (SeLECTS) and lifestyles similar to those of healthy children to control for the confounding factors that may influence bone metabolism. We aimed to identify the specific effects of epilepsy and/or anti‐seizure medications (ASMs) on bone metabolism.MethodsPatients with SeLECTS were divided into an untreated group and a monotherapy group, and the third group was a healthy control group. We determined the levels of various biochemical markers of bone metabolism, including procollagen type I nitrogenous propeptide (PINP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), collagen type I cross‐linked C‐telopeptide (CTX), calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin D3 (VD3).ResultsA total of 1487 patients (from 19 centers) were diagnosed with SeLECTS; 1032 were analyzed, including 117 patients who did not receive any ASMs (untreated group), 643 patients who received only one ASM (monotherapy group), and 272 children in the healthy control group. Except for VD3, other bone metabolism of the three groups were different (p < .001). Bone metabolism was significantly lower in the untreated group than the healthy control group (p < .05). There were significant differences between the monotherapy and healthy control group in the level of many markers. However, when comparing the monotherapy and untreated groups, the results were different; oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, and topiramate had no significant effect on bone metabolism. Phosphorus and magnesium were significantly lower in the valproic acid group than the untreated group (adjusted p < .05, Cliff's delta .282–.768). CTX was significantly higher in the lamotrigine group than in the untreated group (adjusted p = .012, Cliff's delta = .316).SignificanceEpilepsy can affect many aspects of bone metabolism. After controlling epilepsy and other confounders that affect bone metabolism, we found that the effects of ASMs on bone metabolism differed. Oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, and topiramate did not affect bone metabolism, and lamotrigine corrected some of the abnormal markers of bone metabolism in patients with epilepsy.
Mast cells are upregulated in hidradenitis suppurativa tissue, associated with epithelialized tunnels and normalized by spleen tyrosine kinase antagonism
Authors: Flora A. , Jepsen R. , Kozera E. K. , Woods J. A. , Cains G. D. , Radzieta M. , Jensen S. O. , Malone M. , Frew J. W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMast cells have traditionally been associated with allergic inflammatory responses; however, they play important roles in cutaneous innate immunity and wound healing. The Hidradenitis Suppurativa tissue transcriptome is associated with alterations in innate immunity and wound healing‐associated pathways; however, the role of mast cells in the disease is unexplored. We demonstrate that mast cell‐associated gene expression (using whole tissue RNAseq) is upregulated, and in‐silico cellular deconvolution identifies activated mast cells upregulated and resting mast cells downregulated in lesional tissue. Tryptase/Chymase positive mast cells (identified using IHC) localize adjacent to epithelialized tunnels, fibrotic regions of the dermis and at perivascular sites associated with Neutrophil Extracellular Trap formation and TNF‐alpha production. Treatment with Spleen Tyrosine Kinase antagonist (Fostamatinib) reduces the expression of mast cell‐associated gene transcripts, associated biochemical pathways and the number of tryptase/chymase positive mast cells in lesional hidradenitis suppurativa tissue. This data indicates that although mast cells are not the most abundant cell type in Hidradenitis Suppurativa tissue, the dysregulation of mast cells is paralleled with B cell/plasma cell inflammation, inflammatory epithelialized tunnels and epithelial budding. This provides an explanation as to the mixed inflammatory activation signature seen in HS, the correlation with dysregulated wound healing and potential pathways involved in the development of epithelialized tunnels.
Lived experiences of utilities‐based indebtedness in Greece: Tracing the afterlives of austerity
Authors: Koutlou Aliki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDuring the past decade, Greece has been a hotbed of crisis and austerity. Unsurprisingly, austerity and counter‐austerity politics captured academic and public attention. This paper seeks to contribute to discussions on the articulations and legacies of austerity in Greece, and beyond, by emphasising questions of reproduction. The paper centres on utilities‐based indebtedness (UI) to explore the legacies of austerity. It understands UI and experiences with it as tethered to the enduring financial vulnerability and precarity that austerity politics inscribed in life and work during the early 2010s. Drawing on feminist writings, the paper mobilises social reproduction as a lens to explore the legacies of austerity in the encounters and entanglements between the monetary and the mundane. It draws on interviews with households conducted in 2019 in Thessaloniki to show how UI is a legacy of austerity and to trace austerity's afterlives in the visceral realties of living with UI. The paper argues that life with UI was a manifestation of a crisis in social reproduction, whereby households could not meet all their basic needs without falling into UI. It then zooms in on family and personal relations to trace the afterlives of austerity in the everyday. It explores the impact of UI and the uncertainties of reproduction on these relations and how decisions on debt and bill payments as well as reproductive practices became enmeshed in them. Overall, the paper demonstrates that, besides enduring landscapes of hardship, austerity left behind a heightened tension between the necessity for, and unsustainability of, relationships of solidarity as care, which became a key form of support because of austerity.
Soy protein isolate improves the structure, starch retrogradation and water distribution of a Chinese traditional rice/bean food Dousi: towards high low‐temperature storage stability
Authors: Xu Ping , Xu Mengxue , Din Zia‐ud , Chen Xi , Wang Yuehui , Zhuang Kun , Zhang Qi , Chang Xianhui , Chen Lei , Ding Wenping 
Published: July 2023

SummaryFresh wet Dousi (FWD) is a traditional Chinese food made from rice and beans through wet milling and dry heating. However, its drawback of storage stability at low temperatures (4 °C) challenges the market development. Thus, soy protein isolate (SPI) was incorporated to improve its structure, starch retrogradation and water distribution. SPI reduced FWD's peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity and setback values. Additionally, the hardness, retrogradation enthalpies (ΔH), crystallinity and infrared absorbance ratio at 1047/1022 cm−1 and 995/1022 cm−1 of FWD decreased significantly after adding SPI. From the rheological, LF‐NMR and SEM results, SPI was favourable to the formation of porous and flexible structure within FWD. The variation of food structure improved the binding ability of starch or other components with water. This work indicated that SPI could improve the low‐temperature stability of FWD by enhancing the water capability, inhibiting the starch retrogradation, and promoting structural compliance within the network.