bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations of bovine nucleus pulposus cells with aging
Authors: Molinos Maria , Fiordalisi Morena F. , Caldeira Joana , Almeida Catarina R. , Barbosa Mário A. , Gonçalves Raquel M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAging is one of the major etiological factors driving intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, the main cause of low back pain. The nucleus pulposus (NP) includes a heterogeneous cell population, which is still poorly characterized. Here, we aimed to uncover main alterations in NP cells with aging. For that, bovine coccygeal discs from young (12 months) and old (10–16 years old) animals were dissected and primary NP cells were isolated. Gene expression and proteomics of fresh NP cells were performed. NP cells were labelled with propidium iodide and analysed by flow cytometry for the expression of CD29, CD44, CD45, CD146, GD2, Tie2, CD34 and Stro‐1. Morphological cell features were also dissected by imaging flow cytometry. Elder NP cells (up‐regulated bIL‐6 and bMMP1 gene expression) presented lower percentages of CD29+, CD44+, CD45+ and Tie2+ cells compared with young NP cells (upregulated bIL‐8, bCOL2A1 and bACAN gene expression), while GD2, CD146, Stro‐1 and CD34 expression were maintained with age. NP cellulome showed an upregulation of proteins related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and melanosome independently of age, whereas proteins upregulated in elder NP cells were also associated with glycosylation and disulfide bonds. Flow cytometry analysis of NP cells disclosed the existence of 4 subpopulations with distinct auto‐fluorescence and size with different dynamics along aging. Regarding cell morphology, aging increases NP cell area, diameter and vesicles. These results contribute to a better understanding of NP cells aging and highlighting potential anti‐aging targets that can help to mitigate age‐related disc disease.
Age of Eucalyptus plantations differentially affects assemblages of surface‐active arthropods
Authors: Yekwayo Inam , Mwabvu Tarombera 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMicrohabitats and environmental conditions in eucalypts vary depending on the growth phase. Response of surface‐active arthropods to eucalypt growth phases is unclear; yet, it can be an important contribution in forest management. Thus, we investigated the response of surface‐active arthropods to three eucalypt age groups. We collected arthropods in a 7‐month‐old, 18‐month‐old, and 53‐month‐old eucalypts since planting. Eucalyptus age did not affect species richness. However, assemblages differed between the 53‐month‐old and 7‐month‐old eucalypts. Therefore, different eucalypt ages can enhance arthropod conservation, since they differ in terms of microhabitats and environmental conditions.
Trends in female sterilisations in New South Wales, 2010–2019
Authors: Yusuf Farhat , Leeder Stephen Ross 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundFemale sterilisation remains a common contraceptive method in many countries.AimsThe aim is to analyse the recent changes in the incidence of female sterilisation in New South Wales (NSW).MethodsData were obtained from the NSW Admitted Patients Data Collection for all female patients who had undergone one of the five sterilisation procedures in a public or private hospitals in NSW during 2010 and 2019. Denominators for calculating sterilisation rates were estimated using census and other population data.ResultsThe number of sterilisation cases dropped from 3407 in 2010 to 2561 in 2019, and the sterilisation rate declined from 22.6 per 10 000 females aged 20–49 in 2010 to 15.4 in 2019. Incidence was at its peak in the 35–39 age group in both years. Indigenous females had higher sterilisation rates than non‐Indigenous females born in Australia or overseas. While some foreign‐born females had higher sterilisation rates than for those who were in Australia or overseas on average their rates were lower than those who were born in Australia or overseas. There was a clear socio‐economic gradient such that females living in the most disadvantaged areas had much higher sterilisation rates than those living in the least disadvantaged areas. The Indigenous, ethnic and socio‐economic differences in sterilisation rates persisted in both years of this study.ConclusionAlthough fertility rates in NSW changed little over the 10‐year interval a steady decline in sterilisation occurred, consistent with other forms of contraception (particularly long‐acting reversible types) increasing concurrently in popularity.
(Farmer) Producer Companies in India as new generation cooperatives: Case studies of performance and impact from West Bengal, India
Authors: Singh Sukhpal 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne of the innovative alternatives to the traditional cooperative structure has been the new generation cooperatives or cooperative companies, known as producer companies (PCs) in India since the early 2000s. This paper examines the impact of PCs on the member farmer livelihoods, which is not well studied, with the help of member and non‐member farmer interview survey in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is found that though the PCs were inclusive of small farmers in their membership, the PC interface with members for farm inputs was not very strong and the output linkage was poor, reaching only a small proportion of member farmers. The Sufal Bangla public supermarket franchise by some PCs was found to make a large difference to the PC performance and its impact on member farmers. The small size of membership in most case study PCs hindered the equity size, leading to working capital and market interface constraints. Therefore, it is important to encourage members to contribute more equity and to reward their output linkage.
Dynamics of domestic violence in Kashmir: An interplay of multiple factors
Authors: Bashir Aadil , Rafiq Misbah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDomestic violence is a widely prevalent phenomenon in the world. However, some of its features are culture‐specific. This study, therefore, attempts to study domestic violence in the context of Kashmir's culture. It draws on data collected through interviews with victims of domestic violence who were identified during a survey in Kashmir. The interview transcripts were analyzed and themes were drawn using the axial coding method (Corbin and Strauss). Classification of the themes into categories was based on similarities that they share and on the frequency with which they co‐occur. These categories gave a sense of dynamics of domestic violence operating in Kashmir. Data reveals that the causes of domestic violence in Kashmir operate at various levels, like individual, social, and cultural. Moreover, qualitative analysis of the interview transcripts visualize domestic violence in Kashmir as the interplay of the following categories, personal factors, communication factors, power factors, interpersonal factors, cultural factors, and situational factors. It is the geo‐political and social context of Kashmir that results in the unique dynamic of these causal factors which will help in designing and tailoring culture‐specific interventions to address the issue of domestic violence in Kashmir.
Implant survival/success and peri‐implant outcomes of titanium‐zirconium mini implants for mandibular overdentures: Results from a 1‐year randomized clinical trial
Authors: Curado Thalita Fernandes Fleury , Silva Jésio Rodrigues , Nascimento Lays Noleto , Leles José Luiz Rodrigues , McKenna Gerald , Schimmel Martin , Leles Cláudio Rodrigues 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo report the 1‐year implant survival/success and peri‐implant outcomes of mandibular overdentures retained by four titanium‐zirconium mini implants (Straumann® Mini Implant System), and to assess how surgery and loading protocols influence these outcomes.Materials and MethodsA 2 × 2 factorial randomized clinical trial (RCT) tested the combined effects of two loading protocols (immediate or delayed) and two surgical approaches (flapless or flapped) on the success/survival of the mini implants, and peri‐implant parameters (plaque, bleeding, sulcus depth, gingival position, and marginal bone loss). Outcomes were assessed up to 1‐year after loading, and generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to analyze longitudinal and within‐patient clustered data.ResultsTwo hundred and ninety‐six implants were placed in 74 patients. The implant survival/success rates after 1 year were 100%, and no major biological complications were observed. After 1‐year, descriptive data suggest no noticeable changes in plaque scores, whilst a reduction in bleeding scores at the 6‐month and 1‐year follow‐ups compared to baseline. Good longitudinal stability was observed for the probing depth and gingival margin height measures. Overall mean marginal bone loss was 0.68 (±0.68) mm after 3 months and 0.89 (±0.75) mm after 1‐year. The flapless protocol showed better results on soft tissue stability and health but a slightly higher risk for marginal bone loss.ConclusionThe results of this RCT suggest that mandibular overdentures retained by this novel mini implant system represent a safe and predictable treatment option as confirmed by implant survival/success and peri‐implant outcomes, even when flapless surgery and immediate loading protocols are adopted.
Incidence, characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of diabetic ketoacidosis in COVID‐19 patients: Comparison with influenza and pre‐pandemic data
Authors: Dell'Aquila Kevin , Lee Jeylin , Wang Stephen H. , Alamuri Tharun T. , Jennings Rebecca , Tang Helen , Mahesh Sandhya , Leong Taylor Jan , Fleysher Roman , Henninger Erin M. , Veeraraghavan Sudhakar , Mirhaji Parsa , Hou Wei , Herold Kevan C. , Duong Tim Q. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsThis study characterized incidence, patient profiles, risk factors and outcomes of in‐hospital diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in patients with COVID‐19 compared with influenza and pre‐pandemic data.MethodsThis study consisted of 13 383 hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 (March 2020‐July 2022), 19 165 hospitalized patients with influenza (January 2018‐July 2022) and 35 000 randomly sampled hospitalized pre‐pandemic patients (January 2017‐December 2019) in Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY, USA. Primary outcomes were incidence of in‐hospital DKA, in‐hospital mortality, and insulin use at 3 and 6 months post‐infection. Risk factors for developing DKA were identified.ResultsThe overall incidence of DKA in patients with COVID‐19 and influenza, and pre‐pandemic were 2.1%, 1.4% and 0.5%, respectively (p < .05 pairwise). Patients with COVID‐19 with DKA had worse acute outcomes (p < .05) and higher incidence of new insulin treatment 3 and 6 months post‐infection compared with patients with influenza with DKA (p < .05). The incidence of DKA in patients with COVID‐19 was highest among patients with type 1 diabetes (12.8%), followed by patients with insulin‐dependent type 2 diabetes (T2D; 5.2%), non‐insulin dependent T2D (2.3%) and, lastly, patients without T2D (1.3%). Patients with COVID‐19 with DKA had worse disease severity and higher mortality [odds ratio = 6.178 (4.428‐8.590), p < .0001] compared with those without DKA. Type 1 diabetes, steroid therapy for COVID‐19, COVID‐19 status, black race and male gender were associated with increased risk of DKA.ConclusionsThe incidence of DKA was higher in COVID‐19 cohort compared to the influenza and pre‐pandemic cohort. Patients with COVID‐19 with DKA had worse outcomes compared with those without. Many COVID‐19 survivors who developed DKA during hospitalization became insulin dependent. Identification of risk factors for DKA and new insulin‐dependency could enable careful monitoring and timely intervention.
Clinical outcomes associated with drugs for obesity and overweight: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Iannone Andrea , Natale Patrizia , Palmer Suetonia C. , Nicolucci Antonio , Rendina Maria , Giorgino Francesco , Laviola Luigi , Di Leo Alfredo , Strippoli Giovanni F. M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo compare the benefits and harms of drugs approved for weight management in adults with obesity or overweight.Materials and MethodsWe performed a systematic review of drugs approved for treating obesity and overweight. We searched MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL through 26 February 2023. Random‐effects network meta‐analysis was applied.ResultsA total of 168 trials (97 938 patients) were included. There was no evidence that drugs approved for weight management had different associations with cardiovascular death (69 trials, 59 037 participants). Naltrexone/bupropion was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality than placebo (odds ratio [OR], 0.62 [95% CI: 0.39, 0.99]; low certainty evidence). All drugs were associated with greater weight loss at 12 months than placebo (33 trials, 37 616 participants), mainly semaglutide (mean difference [MD], −9.02 kg [95% CI: −10.42, −7.63]; moderate certainty) and phentermine/topiramate (MD, −8.10 kg [95% CI: −10.14, −6.05]; high certainty); and with greater waist circumference reduction at 12 months than placebo (24 trials, 35 733 participants), mainly semaglutide (MD, −7.84 cm [95% CI: −9.34, −6.34]; moderate certainty) and phentermine/topiramate (MD, −6.20 cm [95% CI: −7.46, −4.94]; high certainty). Semaglutide and phentermine/topiramate were associated with lower or no difference in the odds of treatment withdrawal compared with all other drugs (87 trials, 70 860 participants).ConclusionsAmong adults with obesity or overweight, semaglutide and phentermine/topiramate were associated with greater body weight loss and waist circumference reduction at 12 months than all other drugs, and lower or no significant difference in risks of withdrawal. There was no evidence that drugs approved for weight management had different associations with cardiovascular death.
Glycaemic patterns of male professional athletes with type 1 diabetes during exercise, recovery and sleep: Retrospective, observational study over an entire competitive season
Authors: van Weenen Eva , Banholzer Nicolas , Föll Simon , Zueger Thomas , Fontana Federico Y. , Skroce Kristina , Hayes Charlotte , Kraus Mathias , Feuerriegel Stefan , Lehmann Vera , Scott Sam N. , Wortmann Felix , Stettler Christoph 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsTo analyse glycaemic patterns of professional athletes with type 1 diabetes during a competitive season.Materials and MethodsWe analysed continuous glucose monitoring data of 12 professional male cyclists with type 1 diabetes during exercise, recovery and sleep on days with competitive exercise (CE) and non‐competitive exercise (NCE). We assessed whether differences exist between CE and NCE days and analysed associations between exercise and dysglycaemia.ResultsThe mean glycated haemoglobin was 50 ± 5 mmol/mol (6.7 ± 0.5%). The athletes cycled on 280.8 ± 28.1 days (entire season 332.6 ± 18.8 days). Overall, time in range (3.9‐10 mmol/L) was 70.0 ± 13.7%, time in hypoglycaemia (<3.9 mmol/L) was 6.4 ± 4.7% and time in hyperglycaemia (>10 mmol/L) was 23.6 ± 12.5%. During the nights of NCE days, athletes spent 10.1 ± 7.4% of time in hypoglycaemia, particularly after exercise in the endurance zones. The CE days were characterized by a higher time in hyperglycaemia compared with NCE days (25.2 ± 12.5% vs. 22.2 ± 12.1%, p = .012). This was driven by the CE phase, where time in range dropped to 60.4 ± 13.0% and time in hyperglycaemia was elevated (38.5 ± 12.9%). Mean glucose was higher during CE compared with NCE sessions (9.6 ± 0.9 mmol/L vs. 7.8 ± 1.1 mmol/L, p < .001). The probability of hyperglycaemia during exercise was particularly increased with longer duration, higher intensity and higher variability of exercise.ConclusionsThe analysis of glycaemic patterns of professional endurance athletes revealed that overall glycaemia was generally within targets. For further improvement, athletes, team staff and caregivers may focus on hyperglycaemia during competitions and nocturnal hypoglycaemia after NCE.
Assessment of the mechanism of mitral valve prolapse in children: An echocardiography study
Authors: Sabry Ayman F. , Reller Mark D. , Evers Patrick D. , Madriago Erin J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe high complexity of mitral valve anatomy and function in mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is not yet fully understood.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to analyze each part of the mitral valve apparatus in children to determine its impact on the presence of MVP and to assess the interaction between the coaptation length (CL) and mitral regurgitation severity.MethodsWe prospectively analyzed transthoracic echocardiograms of 60 patients with MVP (mean age 9.8 ± 3.1 years). We compared these patients with 60 control patients without disease. We determined length of leaflets, chordal length, tenting area, coaptation CL, the intrapapillary muscle distance (IPMD) and relation between CL and severity of mitral regurgitation (MR).ResultsFor patients with MVP, the posterior mitral leaflet (PML) was significantly enlarged 13.9 ± 4.1 mm versus 10.7 ± 3.5 mm (p < .01), the primary chordal length was significantly decreased 15.4 ± 3.61 mm versus 17.6 ± 3.8 mm (p < .02), and IPMD was significantly greater 18.1 ± 2.7 mm versus 16.6 ± 4.3 mm (p < .03). The difference between CL for both the anterior and posterior mitral leaflets correlated positively with MR (r = .249, p < .05). A greater than 4 mm CL correlated with at least MR (sensitivity 100%, specificity 72%) and greater than 5 mm correlated with at least moderate MR (sensitivity 100%, specificity 60%).ConclusionThe majority of pediatric patients with mitral valve prolapse have structural abnormalities that are defined well by echocardiography. In addition to the presence of prolapse and regurgitation, routine assessment of leaflet length, thickness, chordal length and papillary muscle distance is fundamental for patients with MVP.
Venetoclax‐based salvage therapy for adult patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Canaani Jonathan , Frisch Avraham , Pollyea Daniel A. , Schwartz Marc , Aumann Shlomzion , Ganzel Chezi , Haran Arnon , Even‐Zohar Noa Gross , Shaulov Adir , Vainstein Vladimir , Moshe Yakir , Ofran Yishai , Wolach Ofir , Nachmias Boaz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesDysregulation of BCL‐2 family members has been reported in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), with various BH3‐dependencies of the leukemic clone. We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort of patients with relapsed/refractory B or T ALL, with ven‐chemotherapy or ven‐navitoclax combinations, to assess efficacy and safety.MethodsSeventeen patients were included in the analysis, median age was 32 years, with 6 B‐ALL and 11 T‐ALL patients. Nine patients received venetoclax combined with chemotherapy, and 13 patients received venetoclax in combination with navitoclax, vincristine and asparaginase, of which 5 were already exposed to venetoclax in previous lines.ResultsORR was 55% and 46% among the ven‐chemotherapy and the ven‐navitoclax‐chemotherapy, respectively. Most of the responders proceeded to an allogenic bone marrow transplant in both cohorts. The most common adverse effects of the ven‐navitoclax combination were infectious complications and hepatotoxicity.ConclusionsOur data demonstrated the possible efficacy of ven‐chemotherapy and ven‐navitoclax in r/r ALL with moderate toxicity.
Beyond “greening” and “browning”: Trends in grassland ground cover fractions across Eurasia that account for spatial and temporal autocorrelation
Authors: Lewińska Katarzyna Ewa , Ives Anthony R. , Morrow Clay J. , Rogova Natalia , Yin He , Elsen Paul R. , de Beurs Kirsten , Hostert Patrick , Radeloff Volker C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGrassland ecosystems cover up to 40% of the global land area and provide many ecosystem services directly supporting the livelihoods of over 1 billion people. Monitoring long‐term changes in grasslands is crucial for food security, biodiversity conservation, achieving Land Degradation Neutrality goals, and modeling the global carbon budget. Although long‐term grassland monitoring using remote sensing is extensive, it is typically based on a single vegetation index and does not account for temporal and spatial autocorrelation, which means that some trends are falsely identified while others are missed. Our goal was to analyze trends in grasslands in Eurasia, the largest continuous grassland ecosystems on Earth. To do so, we calculated Cumulative Endmember Fractions (annual sums of monthly ground cover fractions) derived from MODIS 2002–2020 time series, and applied a new statistical approach PARTS that explicitly accounts for temporal and spatial autocorrelation in trends. We examined trends in green vegetation, non‐photosynthetic vegetation, and soil ground cover fractions considering their independent change trajectories and relations among fractions over time. We derived temporally uncorrelated pixel‐based trend maps and statistically tested whether observed trends could be explained by elevation, land cover, SPEI3, climate, country, and their combinations, all while accounting for spatial autocorrelation. We found no statistical evidence for a decrease in vegetation cover in grasslands in Eurasia. Instead, there was a significant map‐level increase in non‐photosynthetic vegetation across the region and local increases in green vegetation with a concomitant decrease in soil fraction. Independent environmental variables affected trends significantly, but effects varied by region. Overall, our analyses show in a statistically robust manner that Eurasian grasslands have changed considerably over the past two decades. Our approach enhances remote sensing‐based monitoring of trends in grasslands so that underlying processes can be discerned.
Efficacy of laparoscopic liver resection for small hepatocellular carcinoma located in the posterosuperior segments: A multi‐institutional study using propensity score matching by the Kyushu Study Group of Liver Surgery
Authors: Tokumitsu Yukio , Nagano Hiroaki , Yamashita Yo‐ichi , Yoshizumi Tomoharu , Hisaka Toru , Nanashima Atsushi , Kuroki Tamotsu , Ide Takao , Endo Yuichi , Utsunomiya Tohru , Kitahara Kenji , Kawasaki Yota , Sakota Masahiko , Okamoto Kohji , Takami Yuko , Kajiwara Masatoshi , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa , Beppu Toru , Eguchi Susumu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimLaparoscopic liver resection (LLR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) located in the posterosuperior segments (PS) have generally been considered more difficult than those for HCC in anterolateral segments (AL), but may be safe and feasible for selected patients with accumulated experience. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of LLR for single nodular HCCs ≤3 cm located in PS.MethodsIn total, 473 patients who underwent partial liver resection for single nodular HCCs ≤3 cm at the 18 institutions belonging to the Kyusyu Study Group of Liver Surgery from January 2010 to December 2018 were enrolled. The short‐term outcomes of laparoscopic partial liver resection and open liver resection (OLR) for HCCs ≤3 cm, with subgroup analysis of PS and AL, were compared using propensity score‐matching analysis. Furthermore, results were also compared between LLR‐PS and LLR‐AL.ResultsThe original cohort of patients with HCC ≤3 cm included 328 patients with LLR and 145 with OLR. After matching, 140 patients with LLR and 140 with OLR were analyzed. Significant differences were found between groups in terms of volume of blood loss (median, 55 vs. 287 ml, p < 0.001), postoperative complications (0.71 vs. 8.57%, p = 0.003), and postoperative hospital stay (median, 9 vs. 14 days, p < 0.001). The results of subgroup analysis of PS were similar. Short‐term outcomes did not differ significantly between LLR‐PS and LLR‐AL after matching.ConclusionsLaparoscopic partial resection could be the preferred option for single nodular HCCs ≤3 cm located in PS.