bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A conceptual framework of cognitive-affective theory of mind: towards a precision identification of mental disorders
Authors: Zhou Peng , Ma Huimin , Zou Bochao , Zhang Xiaowen , Zhao Shuyan , Lin Yuxin , Wang Yidong , Feng Lei , Wang Gang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo explore the minds of others, which is traditionally referred to as Theory of Mind (ToM), is perhaps the most fundamental ability of humans as social beings. Impairments in ToM could lead to difficulties or even deficits in social interaction. The present study focuses on two core components of ToM, the ability to infer others’ beliefs and the ability to infer others’ emotions, which we refer to as cognitive and affective ToM respectively. Charting both typical and atypical trajectories underlying the cognitive-affective ToM promises to shed light on the precision identification of mental disorders, such as depressive disorders (DD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, most prior studies failed to capture the underlying processes involved in the cognitive-affective ToM in a fine-grained manner. To address this problem, we propose an innovative conceptual framework, referred to as visual theory of mind (V-ToM), by constructing visual scenes with emotional and cognitive meanings and by depicting explicitly a four-stage process of how humans make inferences about the beliefs and emotions of others. Through recording individuals’ eye movements while looking at the visual scenes, our model enables us to accurately measure each stage involved in the computation of cognitive-affective ToM, thereby allowing us to infer about potential difficulties that might occur in each stage. Our model is based on a large sample size (n > 700) and a novel audio-visual paradigm using visual scenes containing cognitive-emotional meanings. Here we report the obtained differential features among healthy controls, DD and ASD individuals that overcome the subjectivity of conventional questionnaire-based assessment, and therefore could serve as valuable references for mental health applications based on AI-aided digital medicine.
Synergy between Winter Flounder antimicrobial peptides
Authors: Clarke Maria , Hind Charlotte K. , Ferguson Philip M. , Manzo Giorgia , Mistry Bhumil , Yue Bingkun , Romanopulos Janis , Clifford Melanie , Bui Tam T. , Drake Alex F. , Lorenz Christian D. , Sutton J. Mark , Mason A. James 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSome antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have potent bactericidal activity and are being considered as potential alternatives to classical antibiotics. In response to an infection, such AMPs are often produced in animals alongside other peptides with low or no perceivable antimicrobial activity, whose role is unclear. Here we show that six AMPs from the Winter Flounder (WF) act in synergy against a range of bacterial pathogens and provide mechanistic insights into how this increases the cooperativity of the dose-dependent bactericidal activity and potency that enable therapy. Only two WF AMPs have potent antimicrobial activity when used alone but we find a series of two-way combinations, involving peptides which otherwise have low or no activity, yield potent antimicrobial activity. Weakly active WF AMPs modulate the membrane interactions of the more potent WF AMPs and enable therapy in a model of Acinetobacter baumannii burn wound infection. The observed synergy and emergent behaviour may explain the evolutionary benefits of producing a family of related peptides and are attractive properties to consider when developing AMPs towards clinical applications.
Modelling and analysis of LCC‐HVDC converter station for harmonic coupling of AC/DC power grid during geomagnetic storm
Authors: Peihong Yang , Xiaoyong Han , Hui Jiang , Xizhi Shi , Zilei Zhang , Chunming Liu , Lianguang Liu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the problem of harmonic coupling between the converter transformer and the converter under the action of geomagnetically induced current (GIC) is proposed to be investigated. Firstly, a model of a 12‐pulse line commutated converter high voltage direct current (LCC‐HVDC) converter station based on harmonic state space (HSS) theory is established. Secondly, the harmonic components of the interaction between the AC‐side harmonic current and the DC‐side harmonic voltage are qualitatively analyzed by using the harmonic modulation theory. Through the simulation model and harmonic state space (HSS) calculation model, the harmonic coupling characteristics of power grid are analyzed. Finally, the harmonic current and voltage amplitude of AC / DC power grid under different GIC are calculated, and the characteristics and rules of AC / DC harmonic propagation are revealed. Among them, the amplitude of the 2nd harmonic current on the AC side and the 3rd harmonic current on the DC side increases linearly with the GIC. In addition, the 3rd and 9th harmonics on the AC side are also greatly affected by the magnetic bias of the converter.
Nur verschnupft?
Authors: Schmid Eva C. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryBei der Entzündung der Nasennebenhöhlen (Sinusitis) ist der Sekretfluss in den mit der Nase verbundenen anatomischen Räumen gestört. Während eine akute Sinusitis in den meisten Fällen selbst ohne Behandlung nach 7–14 Tagen folgenlos ausheilt, gestaltet sich die Behandlung der chronischen Form oftmals langwierig: Manchmal bleiben die Symptome sogar ein Leben lang bestehen. Nach der Anamnese – eines der Symptome sollte ein behinderter Abfluss des Nasensekrets sein – erfolgt die Diagnostik durch Palpation, Perkussion, endoskopische Spiegelung sowie bei Verdacht auf eine chronische Sinusitis auch bildgebende Verfahren wie die Computertomografie.
Den Notfall erkennen
Authors: Schmid Eva C. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryBei jedem akuten Auftreten von Atemnot kann es sich um einen lebensbedrohlichen Notfall handeln, bei dem zügiges und besonnenes Handeln nötig wird. Hier geht es vor allem darum, Erste Hilfe zu leisten. Viele Atemprobleme treten vornehmlich bei Kindern auf – mit ganz unterschiedlicher Symptomatik. So zeigt das Beispiel des „sekundären Ertrinkens“, dass wir es selbst bei (vorübergehender) Symptomlosigkeit mit einem Notfall zu tun haben können. Die vorgestellten respiratorischen Notfälle – vom Rachen bis zu den Alveolen sowie solche der Pleura – haben vielfältige Ursachen. Sie können infolge von Unfällen oder Überanstrengung auftreten, eine anaphylaktische Reaktion anzeigen oder aber eine plötzliche Verschlechterung einer chronischen Erkrankung bedeuten.
Konzept einer komplexen Tumortherapie mit kurativem Anspruch auch in fortgeschrittenen Stadien
Authors: Schorr-Tschudnowski Moses 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag geht es um einen onkologischen Behandlungskomplex, der eine Integration und kompatible Adaptation von komplementären naturheilkundlichen Behandlungsmethoden und neuen Behandlungsformen wie PAMP-Therapie und Checkpoint-Inhibitoren sowie einigen Elementen konventioneller Therapien enthält. Dabei wird besondere Aufmerksamkeit auf die Kompatibilität der unterschiedlichen Behandlungsformen und die Therapiesicherheit sowie die Vermeidung von Arzneimittelinteraktionen gelegt. Die Behandlungsmethode und der Verlauf der Genesung werden in komprimierter Form anhand von praktischen Fallbeispielen dargestellt.
Effect of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells-Derived Conditioned Medium on Gene Expression and Differentiation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Challenged Osteoblasts
Authors: Vongsakulpaisarn Poranee , Sangkhamanee Sujiwan Seubbuk , Rassameemasmaung Supanee , Sritanaudomchai Hathaitip 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) causes bone resorption in periodontitis. It induces the production of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) from osteoblasts, leading to the disturbance of bone homeostasis through RANKL, RANK, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) axis. This study aimed to explore the effect of periodontal ligament stem cells-derived conditioned medium (PDLSCs-CM) on gene expression related to bone homeostasis and the differentiation of TNF-α-challenged osteoblasts.
Materials and Methods Human osteoblasts were cultured with 50 ng/mL of TNF-α and 0, 1, 10, and 100 µg/ mL of PDLSCs-CM. Osteoblasts cultured without TNF-α and PDLSCs-CM were served as control. Gene expression of RANKL, OPG, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was evaluated by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction at 48 hours. The early-stage and late-stage differentiation of TNF-α-challenged osteoblasts without or with PDLSCs-CM was explored by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining, respectively, at day 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12.
Statistical Analysis Mann–Whitney U test was used to analyze the differences in gene expression of TNF-α-challenged osteoblasts at 24 and 48 hours, and Kruskal–Wallis test was used to analyze the effect of PDLSCs-CM on gene expression and ALP activity among all experimental groups using SPSS software version 21.0. Statistical significance was considered with p-value less than 0.05.
Results Expression of RANKL, OPG and IL-1β was significantly upregulated in TNF-α-challenged osteoblasts compared to the untreated control. The PDLSCs-CM at 1 and 10 μg/mL downregulated gene expression of TNF-α-challenged osteoblasts compared to the group without PDLSCs-CM, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. The ALP activity was decreased in TNF-α-challenged osteoblasts. The addition of PDLSCs-CM did not alter ALP activity of TNF-α-challenged osteoblasts. Alizarin red staining was comparable in the TNF-α-challenged osteoblasts cultured without or with PDLSCs-CM.
Conclusions The PDLSCs-CM did not alter gene expression involved in bone homeostasis and differentiation of TNF-α-challenged osteoblasts.
The impact of housing macroprudential policy on firm innovation: empirical evidence from China
Authors: Chen Mengtao , Zhu Haojie , Sun Yongming , Jin Ruoxi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe ascent of housing booms and their impact on firm innovation has become a focal point of research, fueled by the remarkable upsurge in housing prices that have been witnessed across global over the past few decades. Despite the attention given to this subject, there has been limited exploration of the spillover effects of housing macroprudential policy (HMP) on firm innovation, which aims to regulate housing booms and ensure financial stability. In this study, we examine the relationship between HMP and firm innovation using panel data from Chinese firms located in 54 cities for the period spanning 2010 to 2019. Our empirical results reveal that tightened HMP promotes firm innovation and is robust to alternative measurements, additional fixed effects, Heckman regression, and IV regression. Moreover, our mechanism analysis demonstrates that HMP promotes firm innovation by reducing leverage and encouraging cash holdings. Further examination of city-level heterogeneity suggests that firms located in areas with lower housing dependency and limited financial development benefit more from HMP’s positive-effect on firm innovation. This paper contributes to the gap in the existing literature that neglects the spillover effect of HMP on firms’ innovation activities. Our findings also provide practical implications for both policymakers and businesses.
Popularization or occlusion of truth in the Platonic myths: Plutarch, Numenius, and Maximus of Tyre
Authors: Hilton Collin Miles 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Why does Plato critique traditional myth so vehemently in the Republic, yet compose his own imagistic narratives in the very same dialogue? In this chapter, I examine the responses of Plutarch, Numenius, and Maximus of Tyre. Plutarch defends the use of myth on the grounds that it opens up philosophy for a wider audience, if taught carefully, while Numenius argues that it piously hides the truth from the uninitiated. Maximus draws on both lines of argument. Defending Plato’s corpus, particularly against Epicureans, led the Platonists of the early Empire to speculate on questions of hermeneutics and literary theory.
(Middle) Platonic philosophers in Lucian
Authors: Nesselrath Heinz-Günther 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper attempts to assess whether we can find Platonic philosophers with more or less distinct Middle Platonist traits depicted in Lucian’s works. After a look at the terminology Lucian employs for denoting philosophers claiming allegiance to Plato, some case studies (on Platonists in Vitarum auctio, Nigrinus, Hermotimus, Piscator, Convivium, and Philopseudeis) address the question formulated above.
The concept of modern political confrontation in cyber space
Authors: Kormych Liudmyla , Zavhorodnia Yuliia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to determine the main forms of behavior of the participants of the political process in the information space of Ukraine and progressive informative countries of the world in order to achieve political goals and decisions that have a constructive or destructive function in the political system, considering social, cultural, legal, and ideological factors that affect interaction of participants during the confrontation of political processes in cyberspace. The subject of the study is the concept of modern political confrontation in cyberspace. Through the lens of a combination of international and national approaches to the development of effective ways of improvement for the further segmental possibility of use in the field of cybersecurity and cyber protection, the theoretical and practical underpinnings of political conflict in Ukraine were established. The protection of an individual’s and a citizen’s rights and freedoms was used in an approach that calls for the implementation of political conflict within the context of political interaction. The correlation of global cybersecurity in the context of the dichotomy “democratic political regime—non-democratic political regime” is revealed. It is proposed to borrow the experience of individual states regarding coordination of the increase of scientific potential and human resources in the field of the IT industry in order to achieve the highest level in the protection of the state’s critical infrastructure; improvement of the political system organization in the direction of the formation of an institutional subsystem at the modern informational level.
Vertical transmission does not always lead to benign pathogen–host associations
Authors: Shillcock George , Úbeda Francisco , Wild Geoff 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the capacity of pathogens to cause severe disease is of fundamental importance to human health and the preservation of biodiversity. Many of those pathogens are not only transmitted horizontally between unrelated hosts but also vertically between parents and their progeny. It is widely accepted that vertical transmission leads to the evolution of less virulent pathogens, but this idea stems from research that neglects the evolutionary response of hosts. Here, we use a game-theory model of coevolution between pathogen and host to show that vertical transmission does not always lead to more benign pathogens. We highlight scenarios in which vertical transmission results in pathogens exhibiting more virulence. However, we also predict that more benign outcomes are still possible (a) when generating new horizontal infections inflicts too much damage on hosts, (b) when clearing an infection is too costly for the host, and (c) when vertical transmission is promoted by a greater growth rate of the host population. Though our work offers a new perspective on the role of vertical transmission in pathogen–host systems, it does agree with previous experimental work.
The phosphodiesterase RmcA contributes to the adaptation of Pseudomonas putida to l-arginine
Authors: Scribani-Rossi Chiara , Molina-Henares María Antonia , Angeli Simone , Cutruzzolà Francesca , Paiardini Alessandro , Espinosa-Urgel Manuel , Rinaldo Serena 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Amino acids are crucial in nitrogen cycling and to shape the metabolism of microorganisms. Among them, arginine is a versatile molecule able to sustain nitrogen, carbon, and even ATP supply and to regulate multicellular behaviors such as biofilm formation. Arginine modulates the intracellular levels of 3′–5′cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP), a second messenger that controls biofilm formation, maintenance and dispersion. In Pseudomonas putida, KT2440, a versatile microorganism with wide biotechnological applications, modulation of c-di-GMP levels by arginine requires the transcriptional regulator ArgR, but the connections between arginine metabolism and c-di-GMP are not fully characterized. It has been recently demonstrated that arginine can be perceived by the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa through the transducer RmcA protein (Redox regulator of c-di-GMP), which can directly decrease c-di-GMP levels and possibly affect biofilm architecture. A RmcA homolog is present in P. putida, but its function and involvement in arginine perceiving or biofilm life cycle had not been studied. Here, we present a preliminary characterization of the RmcA-dependent response to arginine in P. putida in modulating biofilm formation, c-di-GMP levels, and energy metabolism. This work contributes to further understanding the molecular mechanisms linking biofilm homeostasis and environmental adaptation.
Physical Activity for Quiescent and Mildly Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Oketola Banke , Akinrolie Olayinka , Webber Sandra , Askin Nicole , Rabbani Rasheda , Abou-Setta Ahmed M , Singh Harminder 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Physical activity (PA) may benefit people with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) by improving immunological response, musculoskeletal function, and psychological health.

Aims
We distilled available evidence on the efficacy and safety of PA to improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and relieve persistent symptoms of fatigue, joint pain, abdominal pain, stress, anxiety, and depression in individuals with quiescent/mild IBD.

Methods
We searched for trials in eight databases and trial registries. Trials using PA as an adjunct therapy in the management of adults (≥18 years) with quiescent or mild IBD, published in English between 2011 and 2023 were identified. Summary effect estimates were expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using random-effects model.

Results
From the 10,862 citations retrieved, we included seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and one non-RCT. There was no evidence of benefit of PA on HRQoL (SMD 0.34, 95%CI −0.08 to 0.77; I2 57%); high heterogeneity was noted among included trials. PA was found to be efficacious in reducing anxiety (SMD −0.35, 95%CI −0.65 to −0.05; I2 0%). There was insufficient evidence to make conclusions regarding changes in fatigue, joint pain, abdominal pain, stress, and depression. All trials deemed physical activity safe.

Conclusions
PA contributes to reducing anxiety in quiescent/mild IBD. There is marked heterogeneity in methodology among trials investigating PA in adults with quiescent/mild IBD. This review highlights the need for consistent definitions of PA types and intensities in this field of research.
Hormonal control of the molecular networks guiding vascular tissue development in the primary root meristem of Arabidopsis
Authors: Sun Yanbiao , Yang Baojun , De Rybel Bert 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Vascular tissues serve a dual function in plants, both providing physical support and controlling the transport of nutrients, water, hormones, and other small signaling molecules. Xylem tissues transport water from root to shoot; phloem tissues transfer photosynthates from shoot to root; while divisions of the (pro)cambium increase the number of xylem and phloem cells. Although vascular development constitutes a continuous process from primary growth in the early embryo and meristem regions to secondary growth in the mature plant organs, it can be artificially separated into distinct processes including cell type specification, proliferation, patterning, and differentiation. In this review, we focus on how hormonal signals orchestrate the molecular regulation of vascular development in the Arabidopsis primary root meristem. Although auxin and cytokinin have taken center stage in this aspect since their discovery, other hormones including brassinosteroids, abscisic acid, and jasmonic acid also take leading roles during vascular development. All these hormonal cues synergistically or antagonistically participate in the development of vascular tissues, forming a complex hormonal control network.
Automatically calculating the apparent depths of pits using the Pit Topography from Shadows (PITS) tool
Authors: Le Corre Daniel , Mary David , Mason Nigel , Bernard-Salas Jeronimo , Cox Nick 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPits, or pit craters, are near-circular depressions found in planetary surfaces, which are generally formed through gravitational collapse. Pits will be primary targets for future space exploration and habitability for their presence on most rocky Solar System surfaces and their potential to be entrances to sub-surface cavities. This is particularly true on Mars, where caves have been simulated to harbour stable reserves of ice water across much of the surface. Caves can also provide natural shelter from the high radiation dosages experienced at the surface. Since pits are rarely found to have corresponding high-resolution elevation data, tools are required for approximating their depths in order to find those which are the ideal candidates for follow-up remote investigation and future exploration. The Pit Topography from Shadows (PITS) tool has been developed to automatically calculate the apparent depth of a pit (h) by measuring the width of its shadow as it appears in satellite imagery. The tool requires just one cropped single- or multiband image of a pit to calculate a profile of h along the length of the shadow, thus allowing for depth calculation where altimetry or stereo image data is not available. We also present a method for correcting shadow width measurements made in non-nadir observations for all possible values of emission and solar/satellite azimuth angles. Shadows are extracted using image segmentation in the form of k-means clustering and silhouette analysis. Across 19 shadow-labelled Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter red-band HiRISE images of atypical pit craters (APCs) from the Mars global cave candidate catalogue (MGC3), PITS detected 99.6 per cent of all shadow pixels (with 94.8 per cent of all detections being true shadow pixels). Following this testing, PITS has been applied to 123 red-band HiRISE images containing 88 APCs, which revealed an improvement in the variation of the calculated h due to emission angle correction, and also found 10 APCs that could be good candidates for cave entrances on Mars due to their h profiles.
The Transmission of Commodity Price Super-Cycles
Authors: Benguria Felipe , Saffie Felipe , Urzua Sergio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We examine two key channels through which commodity price super-cycles affect the economy: a wealth channel, through which higher commodity prices increase domestic demand, and a cost channel, through which they induce wage increases. By exploiting regional variation in exposure to commodity price shocks and administrative firm-level data from Brazil, we empirically disentangle these transmission channels. We introduce a dynamic model with heterogeneous firms and workers to further quantify the mechanisms and evaluate welfare. A counterfactual economy in which commodity booms are purely endowment shocks experiences only 30% of the intersectoral labour reallocation between tradables and nontradables, and 40% of the within-tradable labour reallocation between domestic and exported production. Finally, the consumption-equivalent welfare gain of a commodity super-cycle is twice as large in the counterfactual economy.