bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asset information requirements for blockchain-based digital twins: a data-driven predictive analytics perspective
Authors: Hellenborn Benjamin , Eliasson Oscar , Yitmen Ibrahim , Sadri Habib 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify the key data categories and characteristics defined by asset information requirements (AIR) and how this affects the development and maintenance of an asset information model (AIM) for a blockchain-based digital twin (DT).Design/methodology/approachA mixed-method approach involving qualitative and quantitative analysis was used to gather empirical data through semistructured interviews and a digital questionnaire survey with an emphasis on AIR for blockchain-based DTs from a data-driven predictive analytics perspective.FindingsBased on the analysis of results three key data categories were identified, core data, static operation and maintenance (OM) data, and dynamic OM data, along with the data characteristics required to perform data-driven predictive analytics through artificial intelligence (AI) in a blockchain-based DT platform. The findings also include how the creation and maintenance of an AIM is affected in this context.Practical implicationsThe key data categories and characteristics specified through AIR to support predictive data-driven analytics through AI in a blockchain-based DT will contribute to the development and maintenance of an AIM.Originality/valueThe research explores the process of defining, delivering and maintaining the AIM and the potential use of blockchain technology (BCT) as a facilitator for data trust, integrity and security.
Major opportunities of digital twins for smart buildings: a scientometric and content analysis
Authors: Ghansah Frank Ato , Lu Weisheng 
Published: January 2023

PurposeDigital twins provide enormous opportunities for smart buildings. However, an up-to-date intellectual landscape to understand and identify the major opportunities of digital twins for smart buildings is still not enough. This study, therefore, performs an up-to-date comprehensive literature review to identify the major opportunities of digital twins for smart buildings.Design/methodology/approachScientometric and content analysis are utilised to comprehensively evaluate the intellectual landscape of the general knowledge of digital twins for smart buildings.FindingsThe study uncovered 24 opportunities that were further categorised into four major opportunities: efficient building performance (smart “building” environment), efficient building process (smart construction site environment), information efficiency and effective user interactions. The study further identified the limitations of the existing studies and made recommendations for future research in the methodology adopted and the research domain. Five research domains were considered for future research, namely “real-time data acquisition, processing and storage”, “security and privacy issues”, “standardised and domain modelling”, “collaboration between the building industry and the digital twin developers” and “skilled workforce to enable a seamless transition from theory to practice”.Practical implicationsAll stakeholders, including practitioners, policymakers and researchers in the field of “architecture, engineering, construction and operations” (AECO), may benefit from the findings of this study by gaining an in-depth understanding of the opportunities of digital twins and their implementation in smart buildings in the AECO industry. The limitations and the possible research directions may serve as guidelines for streamlining the practical adoption and implementation of digital twins for smart buildings.Originality/valueThis study adopted scientometric and content analysis to comprehensively assess the intellectual landscape of relevant literature and identify four major opportunities of digital twins for smart building, to which scholars have given limited attention. Finally, a research direction framework is presented to address the identified limitations of existing studies and help envision the ideal state of digital twins for smart buildings.
Psoriatic arthritis and its special features predispose not only for osteoporosis but also for fractures and falls
Authors: Halasi Andrea , Szegedi Andrea , Törőcsik Dániel , Varga József , Farmasi Nikolett , Szűcs Gabriella , Tarr Tünde , Gaál János 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLimited data are available on the predisposing factors to fractures and falls of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Our study intended to explore the differences between PsA patients and controls, concerning bone mineral density (BMD), the 10‐year fracture risk, the number of prevalent fractures, the frequency of falls and to investigate the association of the same factors with PsA disease characteristics within the PsA group. Medical reports of 61 PsA patients and 69 consecutive, age‐matched controls were analyzed, physical examination and bone mineral density (BMD, and T‐score) were performed, and the 10‐year fracture risk was calculated. The results were subjected to statistical analysis. Femoral neck BMD, as well as vertebral and femoral neck T‐scores were lower, the odds ratio (OR) for low BMD and the 10‐year risk of hip fracture was higher (p = 0.0029; 0.0002, p < 0.0001, OR = 21,9, p = 0.014) in the PsA group. The PsA patients were more predisposed to prevalent fractures, including peripheral fractures, and vertebral fractures as well as falls (OR 3.42; 2.26; 13.33; 3.95, respectively), compared to controls. Within the PsA group (beyond the age) scalp psoriasis and late‐onset psoriasis, were significantly associated with a greater number of prevalent fractures (p = 0.0049; 0.029), while the number of falls per year correlated with late‐onset psoriasis and the flexural psoriasis (p = 0.007; 0.023). Our results suggest that PsA is an independent risk factor for reduced bone density and falls hence to related bone fractures. Patients with late‐onset psoriasis are more likely to suffer falls and related fractures, especially if their disease is characterized by the involvement of the hairy scalp and body folds.
Temperature dependency of litter decomposition is not demonstrated under reciprocal transplantation of tussock leaves along an altitudinal gradient
Authors: Krna Matthew A. , Tate Kevin R. , Saggar Surinder , Buckley Hannah L. , Rapson Gillian L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Decomposition rates are an important component of carbon sequestration rates in soils, potentially mitigating future climate change. Here we aim to better understand decomposition's relationship with temperature in natural conditions.

In snow‐tussock grassland dominated by Chionochloa rubra on Mount Tongariro, Tongariro National Park, New Zealand, we measured decomposition of Chionochloa leaf litter along an ≈ 700 m altitudinal gradient, as a space‐for‐temperature experiment, representing 4.2°C of warming. We examined decomposition rates in a full reciprocal translocation of litter bags between eight plots as both the origin of eight litter types and the eight destinations of plating out of litter bags, over 4 years using six replicates, and modelled their relationships to environmental variates.

Litter decomposed progressively over time, but at the same rate along the altitudinal gradient. There was no home‐field advantage. In terms of litter quality, decomposition rates were related only to litter lignin, or fibre or litter N. Only decomposition at Year 4, and that only when organised by litter destination, showed a relationship to mean annual temperature jointly with soil C, and this was only weak and implausible. When studied across the full reciprocal transplant, there were no significant interactions between Origin and Destination data with or without Years. Therefore litter from each plot decomposed at the same rate as other plots' litter at all altitudes, allowing for small, often irregular differences in litter quality and micro‐environment.

Despite the few modelled differences, decomposition rates show no plausible trends in our altitude‐for‐temperature substitution. We suggest this may be a universal finding, except perhaps under different moisture regimes. Thus, under projected climate warming scenarios, changes in temperature will not directly affect decomposition rates, and cannot influence C sequestration in nature.

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Treatments and outcomes in high‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Albright Benjamin B. , Ellett Tressa , Knochenhauer Hope E. , Goins Emily C. , Monuszko Karen A. , Kaplan Samantha J. , Previs Rebecca A. , Moss Haley A. , Havrilesky Laura J. , Davidson Brittany A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is rare and treated with diverse approaches. Limited published institutional data has yet to be systematically reviewed.ObjectivesTo compile global high‐risk GTN (prognostic score ≥7) cohorts to summarise treatments and outcomes by disease characteristics and primary chemotherapy.Search StrategyMEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane were searched through March 2021.Selection CriteriaFull‐text manuscripts reporting mortality among ≥10 high‐risk GTN patients.Data Collection and AnalysisBinomial proportions were summed, and random‐effects meta‐analyses performed.Main ResultsFrom 1137 records, we included 35 studies, representing 20 countries. Among 2276 unique high‐risk GTN patients, 99.7% received chemotherapy, 35.8% surgery and 4.9% radiation. Mortality was 10.9% (243/2236; meta‐analysis: 10%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7–12%) and likelihood of complete response to primary chemotherapy was 79.7% (1506/1890; meta‐analysis: 78%, 95% CI: 74–83%). Across 24 reporting studies, modern preferred chemotherapy (EMA/CO or EMA/EP) was associated with lower mortality (overall: 8.8 versus 9.5%; comparative meta‐analysis: 8.1 versus 12.4%, OR 0.42, 95% CI: 0.20–0.90%, 14 studies) and higher likelihood of complete response (overall: 76.6 versus 72.8%; comparative meta‐analysis: 75.9 versus 60.7%, OR 2.98, 95% CI: 1.06–8.35%, 14 studies), though studies focused on non‐preferred regimens reported comparable outcomes. Mortality was increased for ultra‐high‐risk disease (30 versus 7.5% high‐risk; meta‐analysis OR 7.44, 95% CI: 4.29–12.9%) and disease following term delivery (20.8 versus 7.3% following molar pregnancy; meta‐analysis OR 2.64, 95% CI: 1.10–6.31%). Relapse rate estimates ranged from 3 to 6%.ConclusionsHigh‐risk GTN is responsive to several chemotherapy regimens, with EMA/CO or EMA/EP associated with improved outcomes. Mortality is increased in patients with ultra‐high‐risk, relapsed and post‐term pregnancy disease.
A nonsensory odorant‐binding protein plays an important role in the larval development and adult mating of Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Han Wei‐Kang , Tang Feng‐Xian , Yu Na , Zhang Yi‐Xi , Liu Ze‐Wen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOdorant‐binding proteins (OBPs) play key roles in the perception of semiochemicals in insects. Several OBPs in insect olfactory systems have been functionally characterized, and they provide excellent targets for pest control. The functions of some OBPs that are highly expressed in the nonsensory organs of insects remain unclear. Here, the physiological function of an OBP (OBP27) that was highly expressed in the nonsensory organs of Spodoptera frugiperda was studied. OBP27 was nested within the Plus‐C cluster according to phylogenetic analysis. The transcription of OBP27 steadily increased throughout the development of S. frugiperda, and transcripts of this gene were abundant in the fat body and male reproductive organs. An OBP27 knockout strain with an early frameshift mutation was obtained using the clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9) system. The development time of OBP27−/− larvae was significantly longer than that of other larvae. Both male and female OBP27−/− pupae weighed significantly less than wild‐type (WT) pupae. In crosses of OBP27−/− males or females, the mating rate was lower and the mating duration was longer for OBP27−/− male–WT female pairs than for WT–WT pairs. By contrast, the mating rate, hatching rate, and number of eggs of OBP27−/− female–WT male pairs and WT–WT pairs were similar. These findings indicate that OBP27 plays an important role in the larval development and mating process in male adults. Generally, our findings provide new insights into the physiological roles of nonsensory OBPs.
Diamonds in the rough: Dryland microorganisms are ecological engineers to restore degraded land and mitigate desertification
Authors: Marasco Ramona , Ramond Jean‐Baptiste , Van Goethem Marc W. , Rossi Federico , Daffonchio Daniele 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOur planet teeters on the brink of massive ecosystem collapses, and arid regions experience manifold environmental and climatic challenges that increase the magnitude of selective pressures on already stressed ecosystems. Ultimately, this leads to their aridification and desertification, that is, to simplified and barren ecosystems (with proportionally less microbial load and diversity) with altered functions and food webs and modification of microbial community network. Thus, preserving and restoring soil health in such a fragile biome could help buffer climate change's effects. We argue that microorganisms and the protection of their functional properties and networks are key to fight desertification. Specifically, we claim that it is rational, possible and certainly practical to rely on native dryland edaphic microorganisms and microbial communities as well as dryland plants and their associated microbiota to conserve and restore soil health and mitigate soil depletion in newly aridified lands. Furthermore, this will meet the objective of protecting/stabilizing (and even enhancing) soil biodiversity globally. Without urgent conservation and restoration actions that take into account microbial diversity, we will ultimately, and simply, not have anything to protect anymore.
Resistance to pyrethroids in Anopheles gambiaes.l. from the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania: synergists, oxidases and susceptibility to malaria parasites (Plasmodium falciparum)
Authors: Sued Rajabu M. , Ng'habi Kija , Kidima Winifrida , Philbert Anitha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVector resistance to insecticides, particularly pyrethroids, is an impediment to malaria control. However, the effects of metabolic insecticide resistance mechanisms on Plasmodium falciparum infection in mosquitoes remain poorly understood. We used the synergist, piperonyl butoxide (PBO) to demonstrate a major role for oxidases in pyrethroid‐resistant, blood fed, wild‐caught An. gambiae s.l., from the Kilombero valley, Tanzania and further investigated the relationship between CYP4G16 expression (one of the two genes overexpressed in resistant Anopheles mosquitoes) and sporozoite copy number. Blood fed‐wild, caught adult An. gambiae s.l. (F0) were allowed to lay eggs. The resulting F1 generation was used for susceptibility‐testing using WHO methods, and resistance was confirmed against permethrin, deltamethrin and lambdacyhalothrin (26%–86% mortality). Mosquitoes were fully susceptible (100% mortality) to bendiocarb and pirimiphos methyl. The addition of PBO to the pyrethroid assays fully restored susceptibility. After they had laid eggs, the F0 adults were used to characterise parasite infection and resistance gene expression, both using qPCR. The CYP4G16 gene copy number was significantly higher in Plasmodium infected mosquitoes than their uninfected counterparts (Mann–Whitney, p < 0.0001). However, there was no relationship between CYP4G16 gene copy number and P. falciparum sporozoite copy number (Pearson's r = 0.06361, 95% CI). This study suggests that pyrethroids‐treated nets combined with PBO may help overcome major oxidative resistance mechanisms. It is also notable that these oxidative mechanisms are associated with increased Plasmodium infection in mosquitoes.
Executive Financial Literacy and Corporate Performance: Evidence from Small and Medium‐Sized Enterprises in China
Authors: Tian Guangning , Zhou Shuyuan , Qi Yawei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBased on the survey data from the China National SME Survey Database in 2019, we analyze the relationship between executive financial literacy and the performance of Chinese small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). We find that executive financial literacy helps improve corporate performance, especially for companies with weak external supervision and low competitive pressure. After controlling for the effects of the variables at the individual executive and enterprise levels, addressing possible endogenous problems in the analysis, robustness tests and heterogeneity analyses indicates that our findings remain unchanged. We further show that executive financial literacy improves corporate performance by alleviating corporate financing constraints and improving corporate risk management. Our findings have important policy implications for stimulating the vitality of economy and promoting high‐quality economic development.
Banklash: How Media Coverage of Bank Scandals Moves Mass Preferences on Financial Regulation
Authors: Culpepper Pepper D. , Jung Jae‐Hee , Lee Taeku 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFinancial regulation is often adopted in the wake of scandals and crises. Yet political science has little to say about the political effects of corporate scandals. We break that silence, asking whether exposure to news coverage of bank scandals changes the preferences of voters for financial regulation. Drawing from the literatures on media influence and public opinion, we argue that news coverage of bank scandals should increase voters’ appetite for regulation. We test our hypothesis with data from six countries, using original nationally representative panel surveys with embedded experiments (total N = 27,673). Our pooled and country‐specific analyses largely support our expectation that exposure to news coverage of scandals increases regulatory preferences. We reproduce this finding in a separate survey wave, using different scandals than in our original analysis. These results contribute to studies on media influence on public opinion, the political significance of scandals, and the political economy of regulation.
Letter: Ozanimod and latent tuberculosis
Authors: Alaskar Dimah , AlMusa Zainab , AlAmeel Turki 
Published: January 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Fehily et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16952 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17345
Letter: chronic HDV infection—is ignorance bliss? Authors' reply
Authors: Jachs Mathias , Reiberger Thomas , Ferenci Peter 
Published: January 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Jachs et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16945 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17291
Bayesian Inference for a Principal Stratum Estimand on Recurrent Events Truncated by Death
Authors: Lyu Tianmeng , Bornkamp Björn , Mueller-Velten Guenther , Schmidli Heinz 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recurrent events are often important endpoints in randomized clinical trials. For example, the number of recurrent disease-related hospitalizations may be considered as a clinically meaningful endpoint in cardiovascular studies. In some settings, the recurrent event process may be terminated by an event such as death, which makes it more challenging to define and estimate a causal treatment effect on recurrent event endpoints. In this paper, we focus on the principal stratum estimand, where the treatment effect of interest on recurrent events is defined among subjects who would be alive regardless of the assigned treatment. For the estimation of the principal stratum effect in randomized clinical trials, we propose a Bayesian approach based on a joint model of the recurrent event and death processes with a frailty term accounting for within-subject correlation. We also present Bayesian posterior predictive check procedures for assessing the model fit. The proposed approaches are demonstrated in the randomized Phase III chronic heart failure trial PARAGON-HF (NCT01920711).
Do they ‘look’ different(ly)? Dynamic face recognition in Malaysians: Chinese, Malays and Indians compared
Authors: Wong Hoo Keat , Keeble David R. T. , Stephen Ian D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrevious cross‐cultural eye‐tracking studies examining face recognition discovered differences in the eye movement strategies that observers employ when perceiving faces. However, it is unclear (1) the degree to which this effect is fundamentally related to culture and (2) to what extent facial physiognomy can account for the differences in looking strategies when scanning own‐ and other‐race faces. In the current study, Malay, Chinese and Indian young adults who live in the same multiracial country performed a modified yes/no recognition task. Participants' recognition accuracy and eye movements were recorded while viewing muted face videos of own‐ and other‐race individuals. Behavioural results revealed a clear own‐race advantage in recognition memory, and eye‐tracking results showed that the three ethnic race groups adopted dissimilar fixation patterns when perceiving faces. Chinese participants preferentially attended more to the eyes than Indian participants did, while Indian participants made more and longer fixations on the nose than Malay participants did. In addition, we detected statistically significant, though subtle, differences in fixation patterns between the faces of the three races. These findings suggest that the racial differences in face‐scanning patterns may be attributed both to culture and to variations in facial physiognomy between races.
Vertical ridge augmentation with Ti‐reinforced dense polytetrafluoroethylene (d‐PTFE) membranes or Ti‐meshes and collagen membranes: 3‐year results of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Cucchi Alessandro , Bettini Sofia , Ghensi Paolo , Fiorino Antonino , Corinaldesi Giuseppe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to evaluate hard and soft tissue parameters around implants placed in augmented posterior mandible, comparing Ti‐reinforced d‐PTFE membranes with Ti‐meshes covered with collagen membranes, after 3 years of follow‐up.Materials and MethodsForty eligible patients were randomly assigned to group A (Ti‐reinforced d‐PTFE membrane) or group B (mesh covered with collagen membrane) for vertical ridge augmentation (VRA) and simultaneous implants. Implants were evaluated using specific peri‐implant parameters for bone and soft tissues: probing pocket depth (PPD), modified plaque index (mPI), bleeding on probing (BoP), modified gingival index (mGI), thickness of keratinized tissue (tKT), width of keratinized tissue (wKT), fornix depth (FD), peri‐implant bone level (PBL), interproximal bone peaks (IBP), marginal bone loss (MBL), interproximal bone loss (IBL).ResultsA total of 28 patients with 79 implants were evaluated after 3 years of follow‐up. The mean value of MBL was 0.70 mm (group A = 0.73 mm; group B = 0.71 mm), while mean IBL was 0.54 mm (group A = 0.64 mm; group B = 0.40 mm). The treatment with meshes resulted not inferior to PTFE and their clinical results appeared similar. A strong correlation between PBL and IBP was confirmed. Both study groups showed an increase of tKT and wKT values.ConclusionIn the posterior mandible, VRA using both techniques provides stable PBLs up to 3 years. A correct soft tissue management and a strict professional oral hygiene protocol play a crucial role on peri‐implant health over time.