bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of environmental factors on facial pigmented spots: Epidemiological survey of women living in the northern and southern regions of Japan
Authors: Kikuchi Kumiko , Yamashita Toyonobu , Shibata Takako 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundSeveral epidemiological studies have been conducted to understand the relationship between environmental factors (including chronic sun exposure) and clinical signs of pigmented spots. However, no quantitative analysis has focused on the adverse effects of the detailed features of pigmented spots, including their color intensity, size, and number on the cheek. This study was performed to elucidate the adverse effects of environmental factors on clinical signs of pigmented spots.MethodsWe conducted an epidemiological survey of 102 Japanese women in 2 regions of high and low sun exposure (southern and northern regions, respectively). Using image analysis of high‐resolution digital facial photographs, individual pigmented spots were quantified according to color, size, and total number on the cheek. Each indicator was then compared between the groups.ResultsFor the number of pigmented spots on the cheek, the age‐related increase curve showed a large slope in the southern group. For the size of pigmented spots, no significant difference was found between the two groups, and large pigmented spots were observed on the cheek even in the northern group. For the color intensity of the spots, the southern group showed a marked age‐related change; among older subjects, the pigmented spots were significantly darker in the southern than northern group.ConclusionOur results may indicate that environmental factors, including chronic exposure to sunlight, mainly increase the number of pigmented spots and darkening of these spots. However, the occurrence of large pigmented spots may be related to intrinsic factors represented by heredity rather than environmental factors.
P4HA1, transcriptionally activated by STAT1, promotes esophageal cancer progression
Authors: Gou Wenbin , Yang Yongqiang , Shan Qiuyue , Xia Shengqiang , Ma Yuqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEsophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most frequent cancers with a higher mortality worldwide. Although prolyl 4‐hydroxylase alpha polypeptide I (P4HA1) is involved in various human malignancies, the function of P4HA1 in EC remains unclear. The mRNA and protein expressions were assessed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, western blot and immunohistochemistry. CCK8 assay was used to detect EC cell viability. Cell proliferation was analyzed by colony formation and ethynyl‐2ʹ‐deoxyuridine assays. In addition, flow cytometry and TdT‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labeling staining were performed to detect cell apoptosis. Masson's trichrome staining was used to assess the collagen fiber level in tumor tissues. The interaction between STAT1 and P4HA4 was analyzed using ChIP, dual‐luciferase reporter gene and Y1H assays. P4HA1 was overexpressed in EC, and its knockdown suppressed EC cell proliferation and collagen synthesis and increased cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, P4HA1 knockdown could repress EC tumor growth in vivo. Our further research displayed that STAT1 promoted P4HA1 expression by interacting with P4HA1 promoter. As expected, P4HA1 overexpression abolished STAT1 knockdown′s repression on EC cell malignant behaviors. Our research proved that P4HA1 was transcriptionally activated by STAT1, thereby promoting EC progression.
Anti‐RH1 alloimmunization: At what maternal antibody threshold is there a risk of severe fetal anemia?
Authors: Ghesquière Louise , Leroy Julie , Deken Valérie , Tournier Alexane , Vaast Pascal , Subtil Damien , Delsalle Anne , Alluin Gauthier , Garabedian Charles , Houfflin‐Debarge Véronique 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo define a threshold of maternal antibodies at risk of severe fetal anemia in patients followed for anti‐RH1 alloimmunization (AI).Study, Design, and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of patients followed for anti‐RH1 AI at the Lille University Hospital. The first group, severe anemia, included patients who received one or more in utero transfusions (IUT) or who were induced before 37 weeks of pregnancy for suspected severe fetal anemia. The second group, absence of severe anemia, corresponded to patients without intervention during pregnancy related to AI. Sensitivities, specificities, and positive and negative predictive values for screening for severe fetal anemia were calculated for the antibody thresholds of 3.5 and 5 IU/ml for the quantification.ResultsBetween 2000 and 2018, 207 patients were included 135 in the severe anemia group and 72 in the no severe anemia group. No severe anemia was observed for an antibody titer below 16. For an antibody threshold of 3.5 IU/ml, the sensitivity was 98.2%, with 30.2% false positives. All severe anemias were detected in the second trimester; two cases of severe anemia were not detected in the third trimester. For an antibody threshold of 5 IU/ml, the sensitivity was lower at 95.6%, with five cases of severe anemia not detected.ConclusionThe antibody threshold of 3.5 IU/ml for the quantification and 16 for the titration allow targeting patients requiring close monitoring by an experienced team in case of anti‐RH1 AI.
NATURALISM AND THE CATEGORIES “SCIENCE” AND “RELIGION”: A RESPONSE TO JOSH REEVES
Authors: Harrison Peter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article is a response to Josh Reeve's “A Defense of Science and Religion.” I begin with the disclaimer that this was not solely my project but a joint enterprise. A common commitment of participants was to make the disciplines of history and theology central to the discussion and explore what new possibilities follows for the field of science and religion. I then address Reeves's two central concerns: first that I am too dismissive of the categories “science” and “religion.” In fact I have not advocated dispensing with these categories, but have insisted than we employ them critically and with a sense of their history. The second concern is that my position on naturalism seems to place me perilously close to advocates of ID or scientific creationism. I deny this, but point out that more work needs to be done, beyond simply invoking methodological naturalism, to clarify the differences between naturalistic and theological approaches to the world.
Viscoelastic Effects on the Nonlinear Oscillations of Hard-Magnetic Soft Actuators
Authors: Nandan Shivendra , Sharma Divyansh , Sharma Atul Kumar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe hard-magnetic soft materials (HMSMs) belong to the magnetoactive category of smart polymers that undergo large actuation strain under an externally applied magnetic field and can sustain a high residual magnetic flux density. Because of these remarkable characteristics, HMSMs are promising candidates for the remotely controlled actuators. The magnetic actuation behavior of the hard-magnetic soft actuators (HMSAs) is considerably affected by the viscoelastic material behavior of HMSMs. In this article, we aim at developing an analytical dynamic model of a typical planar model of HMSAs concerning the viscoelasticity of HMSMs. A Zener rheological model in conjunction with an incompressible neo-Hookean model of hyperelasticity and Rayleigh dissipation function is employed for defining the constitutive behavior of the viscoelastic HMSA. The governing equations of dynamic motion are deduced by implementing the nonconservative form of the Euler–Lagrange equation. The established dynamic model is utilized for providing preliminary insights pertaining to the effect of the viscoelasticity on the nonlinear oscillations of the actuator. The phase–plane portraits, Poincaré maps, and the time–history response are plotted to investigate the stability, resonant behavior, and periodicity of the actuator. The results and inferences reported here should provide the initial step toward the design and the development of modern actuators for diverse futuristic applications in the medical and engineering fields.
Analytical Solution and Exact Effective Thickness of Multilayered Laminated Glass Cantilevered Balustrades
Authors: Haydar Ali , Royer-Carfagni Gianni 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCantilevered laminated glass balustrades present design challenges. The cross-sectional warping allowed by the end constraint induces such strong asymmetrical deformations that traditional methods, defining the effective thickness of a monolith with equivalent bending properties, cannot be accurate. By using a recently proposed refined zig-zag theory for laminates, we analytically solve the representative problem of a short simply supported laminated beam with a long cantilevered overhang. The variables are the beam displacement and the mean sectional shear angle, defining the zig-zag warping of the cross section. Geometric and natural boundary conditions, as well as the matching condition at the intermediate roller constraint, necessary to solve the governing differential problem, are found variationally. The analytical solutions under concentrated and distributed loads exactly determine the effective thickness of the laminate. Comparisons are made with other approaches that that, however, apply only to three-layered packages. The expressions proposed here can be directly used in the design practice.
Property-Graded Stainless Steel 316L by Selective Laser Melting: Characterization & Design
Authors: Parikh Yash , Kuttolamadom Mathew 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this research work is to characterize and inform the design of (mechanical) property-graded bulk structures made from a single metallic alloy via a laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process, with an end goal of creating repeatable/reproducible functionally-graded additively manufactured (FGAM) parts. This paper specifically investigates the manufacture of stainless steel (SS) 316L structures via a pulsed selective laser melting (SLM) process, and the underlying causes of property variations (within a functionally-acceptable range) through various material characterization techniques. For this, a design of experiments spanning the volumetric energy density (VED) based process parameter design space was utilized to investigate the range of functionally-acceptable physical/mechanical properties achievable in SS 316L. Five sample conditions (made via different process parameter combinations) were down-selected for in-depth microstructure analysis and mechanical/physical property characterization; these were suitably selected to impart a wide and controllable property range (209–318 HV hardness, 90–99.9% relative density, and 154–211 GPa modulus). It was observed that property variations resulted from combinations of porosity types/amounts, martensitic phase fractions, and grain sizes. Based on these findings, property-graded standard test specimens were designed and manufactured for further investigation—tensile specimens having a monotonic hardness change along its gauge length, four-point bending specimens with varying elastic moduli as a function of the distance from the neutral axis, and Moore’s rotating beam fatigue specimens with moduli variations based on the distance from the center. Altogether, this work lays the foundation for understanding and designing the local and global mechanical performance of FGAM bulk structures.
An Overview of Dissemination and Implementation Science in Physical Activity and Health Promotion
Authors: Estabrooks Paul Andrew 
Published: February 2023

Dissemination and implementation (D&I) science can be described as the scientific study of the strategies and mechanisms by which scientific evidence is disseminated and implemented in community or clinical settings to improve outcomes for a specified population. This paper provides an overview of D&I science as it relates to health and physical activity promotion. It provides definitions and specifications for D&I strategies and an overview of the types of theories, models, and frameworks used to advance this work. Finally, this review demonstrated the need for physical activity researchers to (a) test relationships between changes in D&I explanatory constructs and D&I outcomes; (b) determine the utility of D&I strategies, based on explanatory theories, to improve intervention reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance; (c) develop strategies to take interventions to scale and reduce disparities; and (d) develop interventions and D&I strategies, in collaboration with those who would ultimately be responsible for implementation.
Seeking to be seen as legitimate members of the scientific community? An analysis of British American Tobacco and Philip Morris International’s involvement in scientific events
Authors: Matthes Britta Katharina , Fabbri Alice , Dance Sarah , Laurence Louis , Silver Karin , Gilmore Anna B 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
For decades, tobacco companies manipulated and misused science. They funded and disseminated favourable research and suppressed research that showed the harms of their products, deliberately generating misinformation. While previous work has examined many of the practices involved, their engagement in scientific events has so far not been systematically studied. Here, we examine the involvement of British American Tobacco (BAT) and Philip Morris International (PMI) in scientific events, including conferences, symposia and workshops.

Methods
Our analysis involved two steps. First, we collected all available data PMI and BAT provided on their websites to identify events. Second, we extracted information about the nature of tobacco industry involvement from event websites and materials.

Results
We identified 213 scientific events that BAT and/or PMI representatives attended between April 2012 and September 2021. Most events took place in high-income countries in Europe and North America. They covered a diverse range of fields, including toxicology (n=60, 28.1%), medicine (n=25, 11.7%), biology (n=24, 11.3%), chemistry (n=23, 10.8%) and aerosol science (n=18, 8.5%), as well as dentistry (n=9, 4.2%), pharmaceutical science (n=8, 3.8%) and computing (n=8, 3.8%). We identified 356 posters provided by BAT and PMI that linked to 118 events (55.4%) as well as 77 presentations from 65 events (30.5%). Industry involvement through sponsorship (nine events), exhibition (three events) or organising committee (one event) was rare.

Conclusion
BAT and PMI representatives attended a large number and wide range of scientific events. Given that scientific events could be a crucial platform for building connections in the scientific sphere and disseminating industry’s messages, this work highlights the importance of denormalising the tobacco industry’s involvement in scientific events.
Online Information-Based Product Evolution Course Mining and Prediction
Authors: Chen Yuh-Jen , Chen Yuh-Min 
Published: February 2023

In today’s fiercely competitive business environment, product design and development play critical roles in an enterprise’s success; therefore, consumer demand must be understood. Enterprises used to understand their consumers’ demands through time-consuming questionnaire surveys and statistical analyses. As the Internet and the popularity of virtual communities have grown, more consumers are leaving comments about their perceptions of the appeal of products on online social media platforms, thus enabling enterprises to more objectively understand consumers’ product preferences and demands. Therefore, determining how to effectively assist enterprises in analyzing valuable information beneficial to product design and development that can be gleaned from the large amount of social media data available is critical to promoting an enterprise’s competitive advantage in the product market. However, previous studies have primarily focused on understanding consumer viewpoints of products through review articles or electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM; it is a common channel for spreading product appraisals) from online social media. For these review articles and eWOM that can imply consumer demand for product features, there were no relevant studies focused on analyzing consumer demand by using both online review articles and eWOM for product feature evolution. Therefore, for new product features, this study developed a mechanism for product evolution course mining from product-related review articles (such as product functions or specifications) and eWOM on online social media to realize the prediction of future product features or specifications, and then assist enterprises in rapidly and accurately grasping product development trends to effectively discern key reference information for product design and development. The study was achieved by (1) designing a process for online information-based product evolution course mining and prediction, (ii) developing techniques related to online information-based product evolution course mining and prediction, and (iii) implementing and evaluating an online information-based product evolution course mining and prediction mechanism. The experimental results indicated that approximately 81% of developers were satisfied with the proposed system for predicting smartphone features. The results of the study can facilitate the mining and prediction of online information-based product evolution course to assist enterprises in rapidly and accurately grasping product development trends and effectively provides important reference information for product design and development; therefore, it can enhance competitive advantages and customer satisfaction of enterprise products in the marketplace.
Use of Mixed Methanesulfonic Acid/Sulfuric Acid as Positive Supporting Electrolyte in Zn-Ce Redox Flow Batter
Authors: Yu Hao , Pritzker Mark , Gostick Jeff 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The effect of different positive supporting electrolytes on the performance of a bench-scale Zn-Ce redox flow battery (RFB) has been studied. The effectiveness of mixed methanesulfonic/sulfuric acid, mixed methanesulfonic/nitric acid, and pure methanesulfonic acid has been assessed and compared on the basis of the cyclic voltammetric response for the Ce(III)/Ce(IV) redox couple and galvanic charge-discharge of a bench-scale Zn-Ce RFB. The Ce(III)/Ce(IV) reaction exhibits faster kinetics and the RFB exhibits higher coulombic efficiency and long-term performance over ~40 charge-discharge cycles in the mixed 2 mol/L MSA–0.5 mol/L H2SO4 electrolyte compared to that achieved in the commonly used 4 mol/L MSA electrolyte due to lower H+ crossover and higher Ce(IV) solubility. The coulombic efficiency fade rate in the mixed MSA-H2SO4 electrolyte is 0.55% per cycle over 40 charge-discharge cycles, while the fade rate is 1.26% in the case of 4 mol/L MSA. Furthermore, the positive electrode reaction is no longer the limiting half-cell reaction even at the end of long-term battery charge-discharge operation. This work shows that a mixed MSA–H2SO4 acid electrolyte may be a better option for the positive side of a Zn-Ce RFB as a large-scale energy storage device.
Long‐Term Changes in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Left Ventricular Assist Device Recipients: A Longitudinal Joint Model Analysis
Authors: Roehm Bethany , Hedayati Susan , Vest Amanda R. , Gulati Gaurav , Miao Jonathan , Tighiouart Hocine , Weiner Daniel E. , Inker Lesley A. 
Published: February 2023

Background
Advanced kidney disease is often a relative contraindication to left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation because of concerns for poor outcomes including worsening kidney disease. Data are lacking on long‐term changes and sex‐based differences in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), with published data limited by potential bias introduced by the competing risks of death and heart transplantation.

Methods and Results

We conducted a longitudinal analysis of 288 adults receiving durable continuous‐flow LVADs from January 2010 to December 2017 at a single center. A joint model was constructed to evaluate change in eGFR over 2 years, the prespecified primary outcome, adjusted for the competing risks of death and heart transplantation. Median baseline eGFR was 60 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
(interquartile range 42–78). At 2 years, 74 patients died and 104 received a heart transplant. In unadjusted analysis, LVAD recipients had a modest initial increase in eGFR of ≈2 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
within the first 6 months after implantation, followed by a decrease in eGFR below baseline values at 1 and 2 years. Men experienced an eGFR decline of 5 to 10 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
over the first year which then stabilized, while women had an ≈5 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
increase in eGFR within the first 6 months followed by decline towards baseline eGFR levels (interaction
P
=0.005).

Conclusions
Estimated GFR remains relatively stable in most patients following LVAD implantation. Larger studies are needed to investigate sex‐based differences in eGFR and to evaluate eGFR trajectory and mortality in LVAD recipients with lower eGFR.
MicroRNA-210 Downregulates TET2 (Ten-Eleven Translocation Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 2) and Contributes to Neuroinflammation in Ischemic Stroke of Adult Mice
Authors: Li Yong , Song Rui , Shen Guofang , Huang Lei , Xiao DaLiao , Ma Qingyi , Zhang Lubo 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Neuroinflammation plays a key role in acute brain injury of ischemic stroke. MicroRNA-210 (miR210) is the master hypoxamir and regulates microglial activation and inflammation in a variety of diseases. In this study, we uncovered the mechanism of miR210 in orchestrating ischemic stroke–induced neuroinflammation through repression of TET2 (ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 2) in the adult mouse brain.

Methods:
Ischemic stroke was induced in adult WT (wild type) or miR210 KO (miR210 deficient) mice by transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Injection of TET2 silencing RNA or miR210 complementary locked nucleic acid oligonucleotides, or miR210 KO mice were used to validate miR210-TET2 axis and its role in ischemic brain injury. Furthermore, the effect of TET2 overexpression on miR210-stimulated proinflammatory cytokines was examined in BV2 microglia. Post assays included magnetic resonance imaging scan for brain infarct size; neurobehavioral tests, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot for miR210; and TET2 levels, flow cytometry, and ELISA for neuroinflammation in the brain after stroke or microglia in vitro.

Results:
miR210 injection significantly reduced TET2 protein abundance in the brain, while miR210 complementary locked nucleic acid oligonucleotides or miR210 KO preserved TET2 regardless of ischemic brain injury. TET2 knockdown reversed the protective effects of miR210 inhibition or miR210 KO on ischemic stroke–induced brain infarct size and neurobehavioral deficits. Moreover, flow cytometry and ELISA assays showed that TET2 knockdown also significantly dampened the anti-inflammatory effect of miR210 inhibition on microglial activation and IL (interleukin)-6 release after stroke. In addition, overexpression of TET2 in BV2 microglia counteracted miR210-induced increase in cytokines.

Conclusions:
miR210 inhibition reduced ischemic stroke–induced neuroinflammatory response via repression of TET2 in the adult mouse brain, suggesting that miR210 is a potential treatment target for acute brain injury after ischemic stroke.