bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐velocity impact response and damage behavior of bio‐inspired helicoidal composite laminates: Experimental and numerical investigation
Authors: Chen Wei , Lin Haoming , Li Mengzhen , Zhang Yiheng , Huang Hai , Wu Xingxing , Li Xiaobin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBio‐inspired helicoidal composite laminates have been found to have better impact resistance and energy absorption than conventional laminates. To study the impact responses and damage behaviors of bio‐inspired helicoidal composite laminates under high‐velocity impact, the composite laminates with three helix angles were designed and tested. Two types of light‐gas gun were used to provide low and high impact energies, the velocity was measured using a velocimeter and the damage to the laminate profile was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Numerical simulation is then used to simulate the damage behavior of the helicoidal laminates based on the Hashin failure criterion and the revised dynamic increase factor. The results show that: under an impact of low energies, the helicoidal mechanism serves to absorb the impact energy through the generation of additional delamination. The laminates with the helix angle of 15° exhibits the maximum delamination area and the minimum residual velocity. However, under the impact of higher energies, the helicoidal mechanism is unlikely to improve the energy absorption and will inhibit the delamination damage. The laminates with the helix angle of 45° have the greatest inhibitory effects on delamination damage, with a delamination area reduction of 35.41%. Due to these differences, therefore, the use of helicoidal laminates should be more cautious in high‐velocity impact resistance and better avoid high‐energy situations. These findings can support the design of novel impact resistance structures.Highlights
High‐velocity impact tests and FEM simulation of helicoidal laminates are carried out
Damage behaviors and failure mechanism of helicoidal laminates are studied
Delamination and fiber breakage are the main failure modes
The laminates with the helix angle of 15° has the best impact resistance.
Unveiling the effects of thermodynamic interaction of basalt fibers/epoxy interfaces on thermal stability, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of basalt fibers reinforced waterborne epoxy coatings
Authors: Xiang Guangguang , Zeng Dezhi , Zheng Hongpeng , Wang Rongxiang , Liu Bin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, the interfacial interaction between the 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) modified basalt fibers (BF@Ax) and waterborne epoxy was studied by using thermodynamic approaches and creating a “wetting‐reagglomeration‐adsorption” isocontour map of waterborne epoxy. Combined with the TG‐DSC, dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA), tensile, flexural, electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) and salt spray tests, the enhancement effects of interfacial interaction on thermal stability, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance were demonstrated. From the isocontour map, APTES modification reduces the surface energies of BF@Ax fillers from 53.05 to 50.27 mJ/m2, which results in the driving energy for reagglomeration decreasing from 17.04 to 10.41 mJ/m2 and the adsorption energy increasing from 20.24 to 20.77 mJ/m2, suggesting that the BF fillers' dispersion performance and interfacial strengths of BF composite coatings are enhanced. Compared to the varnish coating, the tensile and flexural strengths of the epoxy (EP)/BF@A9.5 coating are increased by 55.87% and 36.36%, respectively, and the thermal stability is enhanced, due to the BF@A9.5 fillers' optimal dispersion. Meanwhile, EP/BF@A5.0 coating has the best corrosion resistance with |Z|0.01Hz value above 109 Ω cm2 after 35 days and salt spray resistance exceeding 120 days. This work provides a new insight into how the interfacial interaction between the one‐dimensional rod fillers and matrices affects the composites' properties from the thermodynamics.Highlights
Waterborne epoxy coatings were reinforced by the modified chopped BFs.
Impact of APTES modification on the BF surface energy was uncovered.
Interaction of BFs/epoxy interfaces was studied by thermodynamic approaches.
Effect of interfacial interaction on properties of coatings was unveiled.
Fiber random contact model for evaluating electrical resistance variation of carbon fiber composites under various damage modes
Authors: Wu Tianwei , Li Gen , Gu Bohong , Sun Baozhong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe variations in electrical resistance of carbon fiber composites under different damage modes are critical for the design of electrically conductive components. Here, we developed a fiber random contact model to analyze the changes in electrical resistance of carbon fiber composites subjected to various damage scenarios. An ideal rectangular grid was constructed in matrix form utilizing the nodal voltage and current method. The electrical resistance of each fiber branch was calculated based on the normal distribution of fiber orientation angles. To simulate the random distribution of contact branches among fiber contact points within the resistor network, contact branches were randomly removed from the ideal rectangular grid. The electric conductive properties of carbon fiber tows, unidirectional carbon fiber composites, and 3D woven carbon fiber composites were measured to validate the fiber random contact model. The findings are anticipated to contribute to the optimization of carbon fiber composites for electrical applications.Highlights
Fiber random lap model for evaluating electrical behavior was developed.
The conductive behaviors of the composites were measured.
Electrical resistance variation under various damages was investigated.
Exploration of the Link Between Nonverbal Communication, Affectivity, and Demographics
Authors: Abbas Mariyam , Fatima Mahvish 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEffective communication is vital in both social and professional contexts, yet the nuanced relationship between nonverbal communication (NVC) and affectivity, particularly in relation to demographic factors, has not been fully understood. The lack of clarity in how these elements interact poses a challenge in developing tailored communication strategies that resonate across diverse populations. To address this, the study investigates the connection between NVC and affectivity, focusing on gender, age, and education as key demographic factors. A sample of 200 participants (64.5% males, 35.5% females) was analyzed using a 26‐item Nonverbal Communication and Affectivity (NVCA) scale. The study found that males exhibited higher levels of both NVC and affectivity. Age significantly influenced NVC, but its effect on affectivity was not significant. Educational level did not significantly affect either NVC or affectivity. The study showed the importance of demographic considerations in communication practices and calls for further research to deepen our understanding of the interplay between NVC, affectivity, and socio‐cultural influences.
Chinese College Students' Cognitive Biases Toward Suicide Prevention and Associated Strategies to Improve Life Education
Authors: Chen Jiaxin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLife education is an essential element of suicide prevention in colleges. However, the existing practice of life education in China may be insufficient to match the new spectrum of students' knowledge needs. The study exemplified the participants' responses to common suicide myths with a 3‐year follow‐up investigation (Study 1), and the optimal strategies individuals chose to manage the people in crisis in a hypothetical scenario (Study 2). The results revealed that generally, college students in China have mature cognitive attitudes toward suicide‐related issues, and have systematic structural representations of crisis intervention. However, there are some prominent cognitive biases, mainly focusing on concerns in the process of communication and evaluation, difficulty in considering suicide as a complex moral phenomenon, and insufficient awareness of problem orientation in crisis interventions. To match the students' new cognitive changes and modern education's higher moral requirements, the optimization direction should focus on the response to students' personalized cognitive reality by adding meta‐suicidology reflection, learning ethical reduction in case analysis, and cultivating problem‐solving skills.
Disentanglement–Induced Bistability in a Magnetic Resonator
Authors: Buks Eyal 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMulti–stability in the response of a ferrimagnetic spin resonator to an externally applied driving is experimentally studied. The observed multi–stability cannot be derived from any master equation that linearly depends on the spins' reduced density operator. Traditionally, the nonlinearity that is required in order to theoretically account for the observed multi–stability is introduced by implementing the method of Bosonization. Here, an alternative explanation, which is based on the hypothesis that disentanglement spontaneously occurs in quantum systems is explored. According to this hypothesis, time evolution is governed by a master equation having an added nonlinear term, which deterministically generates disentanglement. Experimental results are compared with predictions derived from both competing theoretical models. It is found that better agreement with data is obtained from the disentanglement–based model. This finding, together with a difficulty to justify the Bosonization–based model, indirectly support the spontaneous disentanglement hypothesis.
Nonreciprocal Strong Mechanical Squeezing Based on the Kerr Effect in Cavity‐Magnon Optomechanical System
Authors: Tong Jia‐Le , Hao Yue , Wu Shao‐Xiong , Bai Cheng‐Hua , Bai Suying 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, a scheme is proposed to generate nonreciprocal strong mechanical squeezing in a cavity‐magnon optomechanical system based on the Kerr nonlinearity of the yttrium‐iron garnet (YIG) sphere. It is found that the magnon squeezing can be directly produced by the Kerr effect and it can induce strong mechanical squeezing through the squeezing transfer achieved by the cavity‐magnon interaction and the optomechanical interaction. The results further show that the mechanical mode coupled to the cavity can achieve squeezing effect in the selected magnetic field direction, but not in the opposite one. Moreover, by properly adjusting the magnon effective detuning and the Kerr effect strength, the degree of squeezing of the mechanical mode can even beyond the 3‐dB limit, and the optimal conditions for generating stronger squeezing are obtained. This work has important applications in the nonreciprocal quantum devices, quantum information processing, and quantum precision measurement.
Evidence‐Based Recommendations for Dietary Supplementation During Pregnancy: Is It Time for a Product Recall?
Authors: Cilar Budler Leona , Spevan Marija , Ivanisevic Kata , Budler Marko 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMicronutrient deficiencies in pregnant women are linked to serious health issues, including conception difficulties, spontaneous abortions, preterm births, low birth weight, birth defects and long‐term metabolic disorders. Despite the recognized importance of dietary supplementation during pregnancy, rigorous research and supplementation monitoring remain limited.ObjectiveThis study aimed to review the evidence on the impact of dietary supplementation on maternal and infant outcomes and to provide evidence‐based recommendations for dietary supplementation during pregnancy.MethodsA systematic search, analysis, and synthesis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted between October and January 2022. Databases searched included PubMed, CINAHL with Full Text, Google Scholar and CrossRef. The study adhered to PRISMA guidelines and applied inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify relevant studies. A total of 51 RCTs were included and assessed for quality, categorizing articles as moderate or high quality.ResultsOf the 51 RCTs analyzed, 47 (92.16%) were of moderate quality, and 4 (7.84%) were of high quality. Findings revealed that recommended dietary supplementation doses for pregnant women are often set well below safety thresholds. Evidence supporting the efficacy of certain vitamins and minerals in pregnancy remains inconclusive. The study highlighted a dose–response conundrum, with an emphasis on identifying effective and safe doses.ConclusionMicronutrient deficiencies in pregnant women pose significant risks to maternal and infant health. Current dietary supplementation recommendations require enhancement and alignment with the latest and most robust evidence. This study provides a comprehensive overview of state‐of‐the‐art evidence and underscores the importance of bridging gaps in supplementation guidelines to optimize maternal and infant health outcomes.
Protic Ionic Liquid Based Potentiometric Sensors: High Selectivity Detection of Silver(I) Ions
Authors: Akyasan Abdulkadir , Özbek Oğuz , Akbaş Hüseyin , Işıldak Ömer 
Published: January 2025

AbstractProtic ionic liquids or protic molten salts (PILs or PMOSs) consist entirely of ions and can undergo almost unlimited structural changes. ILs have been extensively used in the field of electroanalysis due to their high electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity. In this study, the usability of a PMOS as an ionophore was investigated. Firstly, 2‐phenylethylammonium benzoate (2PEAB) was synthesized, and then polymer membrane sensors containing this ionophore were prepared. The prepared sensors exhibited very high selectivity towards silver(I) ions. The novel silver(I)‐selective potentiometric sensor had a wide linear working range over the concentration range of 1.0 × 10−1–1.0 × 10−5 M, a low detection limit of 7.14 × 10−6 M, and Nernstian response of 59.3 ± 3.7 mV/decade. The prepared sensors had a relatively fast response time of <7 s, good reproducibility and a wide pH working range (4.0–10.0). The newly developed silver(I)–selective sensors were used as indicator electrodes for the potentiometric titration of silver(I) ions with sodium chloride and were successfully applied for the determination of silver(I) ion content in various water samples.
Recent Advancements of Niobium and Tantalum‐Based Materials: From Design Engineering to Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Worku Yared S. , Sikeyi Ludwe L. , Olaleru Akin S. , Dolla Tarekegn H. , Palaniyandy Nithyadharseni , Mathe Mkhulu M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNiobium (Nb) and tantalum (Ta), transition metals with distinct physical and chemical properties, are highly attractive for applications in electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices. Their oxides, dichalcogenides, and MXenes demonstrate significant potential due to effective ion‐diffusion channels and high theoretical capacity. Particularly, Nb‐based dichalcogenides and MXenes offer enhanced electrochemical performance for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and supercapacitors (SCs) applications because of their layered structure. However, the tendency of Nb chalcogenides and Nb‐MXene layers to aggregate or restack impedes electrolyte penetration, diminishing coulombic efficiency and capacity. Moreover, Nb‐ and Ta‐based oxides have intrinsically low electrical conductivity and a slow Li intercalation rate, challenging their application in energy storage devices. To address these issues, strategies such as hierarchical structuring, heteroatom doping, and the development of porous or nanoscale forms, as well as composites incorporating carbon or conductive polymers, have been explored. This review summarizes the impacts of various synthesis techniques, crystal structures, and morphological tunings on the electrochemical properties of Nb and Ta materials in LIBs and SCs and outlines the future directions for enhancing their performance in EES applications.
Phosphine‐Catalyzed (3 + 2) Annulation of δ‐Hydroxyl Allenylic Alcohols with Pyrazolinone‐Derived Ketimines
Authors: Chen Xi , Duan Zeqing , Liu Min , Zheng Bing , Zhang Qi , Guo Hongchao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe phosphine‐catalyzed (3 + 2) annulation reaction of δ‐hydroxyl‐substituted allenylic alcohols with pyrazolinone‐derived ketimines has been developed, giving a variety of spiro dihydropyrrole‐dihydropyrazolone derivatives in high yields with good diastereoselectivities. Various unsaturated pyrazolinone‐derived ketimines and diverse allenylic alcohols worked well under mild reaction conditions, 31 examples were provided with up to 97% of yield and >20:1 diastereoselectivity. The scale‐up reaction and further transformations of the product were successfully acheived, three derivation experiments showed the feasibility of the annulation product. These results revealed that the current reaction could be a useful tool for the synthesis of spiro dihydropyrrole‐dihydropyrazolone derivatives. In addition, we also investigated the asymmetric version of this (3 + 2) annulation of allenylic alcohols with pyrazolinone‐derived ketimines, up to 86% ee of chiral product was obtained with the use of chiral bifunctional phosphine catalyst.
Numerical investigation of the shear capacity of reinforced concrete continuous deep beams
Authors: Ismail Kamaran S. , Mawlood Barzan O. , Mohammad Ahmed H. , Guadagnini Maurizio 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper presents a numerical investigation on the behavior and shear capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) continuous deep beams with and without openings. The numerical model is validated against the experimental results of 10 RC continuous deep beams from the literature. The validated model is then used to conduct an extensive parametric study to investigate the effect of critical design parameters on the behavior and shear capacity of RC continuous deep beams. The examined parameters include concrete compressive strength, shear span to depth ratio, member depth, vertical and skin reinforcement ratio. The numerical results confirm that shear span to depth ratio is the most critical parameter also for continuous deep elements. Furthermore, the strut‐and‐tie provisions of ACI 318‐19 and EC2 are shown to be conservative and provide a non‐uniform margin of safety in predicting the shear capacity of RC continuous deep beams.
GridapTopOpt.jl: a scalable Julia toolbox for level set-based topology optimisation
Authors: Wegert Zachary J. , Manyer Jordi , Mallon Connor N. , Badia Santiago , Challis Vivien J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we present GridapTopOpt, an extendable framework for level set-based topology optimisation that can be readily distributed across a personal computer or high-performance computing cluster. The package is written in Julia and uses the Gridap package ecosystem for parallel finite element assembly from arbitrary weak formulations of partial differential equations (PDEs) along with the scalable solvers from the Portable and Extendable Toolkit for Scientific Computing (PETSc). The resulting user interface is intuitive and easy-to-use, allowing for the implementation of a wide range of topology optimisation problems with a syntax that is near one-to-one with the mathematical notation. Furthermore, we implement automatic differentiation to help mitigate the bottleneck associated with the analytic derivation of sensitivities for complex problems. GridapTopOpt is capable of solving a range of benchmark and research topology optimisation problems with large numbers of degrees of freedom. This educational article demonstrates the usability and versatility of the package by describing the formulation and step-by-step implementation of several distinct topology optimisation problems. The driver scripts for these problems are provided and the package source code is available at https://github.com/zjwegert/GridapTopOpt.jl.
Dynamic performance by mathematical modeling and trajectory tracking control in an FPGA-based architecture for an XYZ Cartesian system
Authors: García-López Margarita Carmina , Vargas-Treviño María Aurora , López-Gómez Jesús , Vergara-Limón Sergio , Palomino-Merino Amparo Dora , Pintor-Michiman Juan Francisco , Carreón-Díaz-de-León Carlos Leopoldo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper presents a novel methodology for analyzing, modeling, and experimental validating a dynamical model for a three-degree-of-freedom (3DoF) cartesian robot. The mathematical model is developed from a lumped parameter analysis of this study’s XYZ Cartesian system design. The Lagrangian equation of motion is applied to represent the dynamic behavior of the variables of the complete system. The control law improves performance by improving the dynamical model and the position error. Control algorithms for the Cartesian system are studied, with the best-fit controller consisting of a hyperbolic tangent, which is analyzed and simulated using MATLAB to study the system response. The controller is also implemented in a FPGA architecture to control the mechanism, and the results are compared with the simulation of the dynamical model with the control to verify performance, giving an 88% similitude between both the experimental and the simulated data. The error between the desired position and the real position is also obtained, giving the error in a rank between 1 and

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2 mm in the position of each axis. The comparison of the experimental and simulated results demonstrates a diminished position error and a higher precision performance, which validated the method used to obtain the equations.
The Influence of Heterogeneous Processes on the Physicochemical Properties of Atmospheric Aerosols
Authors: Ge Maofa , Tong Shengrui , Du Lin , Wu Lingyan , Lei Ting , Li Kun , Xu Minglan , Tsona Narcisse T. , Zhang Wenqian , Zhang Hailiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With the rapid development of the world economy, complex air pollution has increasingly become a serious threat; for example, with haze events occurring frequently in various regions of the globe. Recent evidence has indicated that secondary aerosols play an important role in haze formation, and that heterogeneous processes are among the main forces driving their explosive growth. In this regard, this paper reviews recent advances in the understanding of the impact of heterogeneous processes on haze chemistry, including the impact on NO2 chemistry, marine aerosols, and the hygroscopicity and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols. It is distinguished from past reviews on this topic by focusing mainly on new insights from the past five years. We summarize the main findings of the impacts of heterogeneous processes on NO2 chemistry, marine aerosols, and the physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosols, and propose several future research directions.