bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol Withdrawal Assessment Tool (AWAT) Reliability and Validity: Implications for Nurses Caring for Inpatients With Mental Health Disorders
Authors: Davis Carmen R. , Keen Alyson , Compton Lauren , Rader Tiffany , Harbison Rachel , Twibell Renee 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Alcohol use affects 14.5 million Americans and high prevalence of use and potential for withdrawal among hospitalized patients presents a challenge for health care professionals to anticipate and manage effectively. Due to the acuity and fast-paced nature of the hospital environment, nurses need assessment tools that can be readily completed and drive efficient protocol-based treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine psychometric properties of the alcohol withdrawal assessment tool (AWAT). AIMS: The aims were to examine AWAT (1) reliability, (2) validity, and (3) usability. METHODS: Patients ( n = 55) and nurses ( n = 47) were recruited from six hospitals within one health care system in the Midwest. Psychometric testing included inter-rater reliability and criterion-related validity testing, using the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale-Revised (CIWA-Ar) as a comparison. Usability was assessed with a 5-item Likert-type scale. RESULTS: Findings supported strong agreement (ICC: .931) between raters on the AWAT and a moderate correlation (Pearson r: .548) between scores on the AWAT and CIWA-Ar. Nurses agreed/strongly agreed that the AWAT took 2 min or less to complete ( n = 42; 89%), was easy to use for assessment ( n = 42; 89%) was easy to learn ( n = 40; 85%), and they were confident using the AWAT ( n = 39; 83%). CONCLUSIONS: Study findings provide evidence of reliability, validity, and usability of the AWAT in the hospital setting. The AWAT has potential to improve assessment efficiency and nurses caring for inpatients with mental health disorders should consider implementing the tool into practice.
Relationship between parent–adolescent communication and parent involvement in adolescent Type 1 diabetes management, parent/family wellbeing and glycaemic control
Authors: Benson Ailbhe , Rawdon Caroline , Tuohy Ella , Murphy Nuala , McDonnell Ciara , Swallow Veronica , Gallagher Pamela , Lambert Veronica 
Published: June 2023

Objectives This study investigated the relationship between parent-reported degree of openness and extent of problems in parent–adolescent communication and parent involvement in adolescent Type 1 diabetes management, parent and family wellbeing and adolescent glycaemic control. Methods A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted. Parents completed measures of parent–adolescent communication, parent monitoring of diabetes care, diabetes family responsibility, parent knowledge of diabetes care, parent activation, parent diabetes distress, and diabetes family conflict. Results In total, 146 parents/guardians (121 mothers, mean age 46.56 years, SD 5.18) of adolescents aged 11–17 years (mean age 13.9 years, SD 1.81) with Type 1 diabetes completed the survey. Open parent–adolescent communication was significantly correlated to adolescents’ voluntarily disclosing diabetes-specific information to their parents more frequently, increased parental knowledge of their adolescent's diabetes care completion, parents feeling more capable and willing to take action in relation to their adolescent's diabetes health, lower levels of diabetes-related parental distress, less diabetes-specific family conflict, and optimal glycaemic control. Discussion Parent–adolescent communication has an important role to play in Type 1 diabetes healthcare management and psychosocial wellbeing during adolescence. Optimising open parent–adolescent communication represents a potentially useful target for interventional research and should be considered by healthcare professionals during healthcare encounters.
Spontaneous absorption of osteophytic calcification associated with chronic dural tear and ventral spinal CSF leak
Authors: Rohatgi Varun K , Robbins Matthew S , Schievink Wouter I , Chazen J Levi 
Published: June 2023

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypovolemia, often from a traumatic dural tear from a calcified spinal osteophyte. Visualizing osteophytes on CT imaging can guide decision making on candidate leak sites. We report the atypical case of a 41-year-old woman whose ventral CSF leak was associated with an osteophyte that resorbed over an 18-month period. Full workup and treatment were delayed due to unexpected pregnancy and completion of gestational cycle with delivery of a healthy term infant. The patient initially presented with persistent orthostatic headaches with nausea and blurred vision. Initial MRI suggested brain sagging among other findings consistent with SIH. CT myelogram showed an extensive thoracic CSF leak with a prominent ventral T11–T12 osteophyte and multiple small disc herniations. The patient did not respond to epidural blood patches and deferred additional imaging due to her pregnancy. CT myelography performed 5 months post-partum showed an absence of the osteophyte; a follow-up digital subtraction myelogram performed 10 months post-partum showed evidence of source leak at T11–T12 level. T11–T12 laminectomy visualized and repaired a 5 mm ventral dural defect with symptom resolution. This report highlights the potential for a resorbed osteophyte to be the causative agent for long-standing dural tears that do not show visible calcifications on myelography.
Are single-use flexible cystoscopes environmentally sustainable? A lifecycle analysis
Authors: Wombwell Amy , Holmes Angela , Grills Richard 
Published: June 2023

Objective: Single-use flexible cystoscopes provide a safe and cost-effective evolution to current practice. However, the environmental impact of single-use devices needs to be considered in a healthcare system that is being increasingly scrutinised for its carbon footprint. We performed a single-centre simplified lifecycle analysis to compare the carbon footprint of the single-use Ambu® aScope™ 4 Cysto System (Ambu®) with the reusable Olympus CYF-VH flexible video-cystoscope (Olympus). Methods: Manufacturing, transportation and waste costs were calculated for the Ambu® cystoscope. Manufacturing costs incorporating the average lifecycle of the reusable cystoscope was included in the carbon footprint calculation for the Olympus reusable cystoscope as were waste costs and re-processing costs using the Soluscope 3 automatic endoscope re-processor that is used in our centre. Results: Results demonstrate that Ambu® cystoscopes are a carbon-friendly alternative to reusable Olympus cystoscopes, with a 36% lower carbon footprint. The carbon footprint of the Ambu® scope is 1.43 kg CO2 compared with 2.22 kg CO2 for the reusable Olympus cystoscope. These results may vary from centre to centre depending on the cystoscope re-processor used. Conclusion: The Ambu® single-use flexible cystoscopes provide a carbon-friendly alternative to Olympus CYF-VH reusable cystoscopes. Level of evidence: IV
Hospital Mortality and Adverse Events Following Repair of Congenital Heart Defects in Developing Countries
Authors: Bateson Brian P. , Deng Luqin , Ange Brittany , Austin Erle , Dabal Robert , Broser Taylor , Pennington John , Sivakumar Sivalingam , Lee Cheul , Truong Nguyen Ly Thinh , Jacobs Jeffery P. , Cervantes Jorge , Kirklin James K. , St. Louis James 
Published: June 2023

Background Mortality associated with the correction of congenital heart disease has decreased to approximately 2% in developed countries and major adverse events are uncommon. Outcomes in developing countries are less well defined. The World Database for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery was utilized to compare mortality and adverse events in developed and developing countries. Methods A total of 16,040 primary procedures were identified over a two-year period. Centers that submitted procedures were dichotomized to low/middle income (LMI) and high income (HI) by the Gross National Income per capita categorization. Mortality was defined as any death following the primary procedure to discharge or 90 days inpatient. Multiple logistic regression models were utilized to identify independent predictors of mortality. Results Of the total number of procedures analyzed, 83% (n  =  13,294) were from LMI centers. Among all centers, the mean age at operation was 2.2 years, with 36% (n  =  5,743) less than six months; 85% (n  =  11,307) of procedures were STAT I/II for LMI centers compared with 77% (n = 2127) for HI centers ( P < .0001). Overall mortality across the cohort was 2.27%. There was a statistical difference in mortality between HI centers (0.55%) versus LMI centers (2.64%) ( P < .0001). After adjustment for other risk factors, the risk of death remained significantly higher in LMI centers (odds ratio: 2.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.707-3.27). Conclusion Although surgical expertise has increased across the globe, there remains a disparity with some outcomes associated with the correction of congenital heart disease between developing and developed countries. Further studies are needed to identify specific opportunities for improvement.
Tele-Assessment of Functional Capacity: Validity, Intra- and Inter-rater Reliability
Authors: Özel Aslıyüce Yasemin , Fanuscu Aybüke , Aslıyüce Abdurahim , Ülger Özlem 
Published: June 2023

Background: Functional capacity evaluation is a standardized tool that assesses work-related skills. Although there are different test batteries, the most frequently used one is Work Well Systems. This study aims to determine the validity and inter- and intra-rater reliability of remote implementation of functional capacity tests (repetitive reaching, lifting object overhead, and working overhead) in asymptomatic individuals. Methods: A total of 51 asymptomatic individuals were included in the study. Participants completed all tests both face-to-face and remotely. Remote assessment videos were rewatched by the same researcher and different researchers for intra- and inter-rater reliability. All processes were scored by two independent researchers. Results: Remotely performing repetitive reaching (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: 0.85–0.92, p < .001), lifting object overhead (ICC: 0.98, p < .001), and working overhead (ICC: 0.88 p < .001) tests are valid and reliable. Discussion: Repetitive reaching, lifting an object overhead, and sustained overhead work tests in the Work Well Systems–Functional Capacity Evaluation test battery can be performed remotely through videoconferencing. Remotely evaluating these tests, which are especially important in work-related situations, may be important in pandemic conditions and hybrid working conitions.
Comparison of Volleyball-Related Injuries at US Emergency Departments Between High School and Collegiate Athletes: A 10-Year NEISS Database Study
Authors: Sandler Claire B. , Green Clare K. , Scanaliato John P. , Sandler Alexis B. , Dunn John C. , Parnes Nata 
Published: June 2023

Background: There is a paucity of current data regarding the sport-specific injury patterns and epidemiological trends associated with volleyball. Purpose: To provide an updated, comparative assessment of the epidemiology of volleyball-related injuries among female high school– and college-aged athletes and to characterize the burden of these injuries on emergency departments (EDs) across the United States. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System for volleyball-related injuries between 2012 and 2021 in high school–aged (14-18 years) and college-aged (19-23 years) patients. Incidence, injury characteristics, incident locales, and dispositions were analyzed with weighted population statistics based on National Federation of State High School Associations and National Collegiate Athletic Association data as well as incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs. Results: In total, an estimated 214,302 female athletes aged 14 to 23 years were evaluated in EDs across the United States with volleyball-related injuries between 2012 and 2021. Female college-aged athletes were nearly 3 times more likely to be evaluated with these injuries than their high school–aged counterparts, with incidence rates of 12.8 per 100 at-risk individuals among college-aged athletes and 4.3 per 100 at-risk individuals in high school–aged athletes (IRR, 0.338; 95% CI, 0.333-0.342). The ankle, head, and knee were most frequently injured, often involving strains/sprains, contusions, fractures, and concussions. The IRRs of nearly all injuries were higher among collegiate athletes, especially among knee (IRR, 4.56; 95% CI, 4.40-4.72) and shoulder (IRR, 5.07; 95% CI, 4.81-5.35) injuries. Conclusion: Among volleyball-related injuries evaluated in EDs between 2012 and 2021, the incidence rates of injuries in college-aged athletes far surpassed those of their high school–aged peers irrespective of injury type or bodily location. While sprains and strains were the most frequent injuries, head injuries accounted for the second most common diagnosis in both groups, suggesting that clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for concussion when evaluating players.
Neuroimaging feature extraction using a neural network classifier for imaging genetics
Authors: Beaulac Cédric , Wu Sidi , Gibson Erin , Miranda Michelle F. , Cao Jiguo , Rocha Leno , Beg Mirza Faisal , Nathoo Farouk S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Dealing with the high dimension of both neuroimaging data and genetic data is a difficult problem in the association of genetic data to neuroimaging. In this article, we tackle the latter problem with an eye toward developing solutions that are relevant for disease prediction. Supported by a vast literature on the predictive power of neural networks, our proposed solution uses neural networks to extract from neuroimaging data features that are relevant for predicting Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) for subsequent relation to genetics. The neuroimaging-genetic pipeline we propose is comprised of image processing, neuroimaging feature extraction and genetic association steps. We present a neural network classifier for extracting neuroimaging features that are related with the disease. The proposed method is data-driven and requires no expert advice or a priori selection of regions of interest. We further propose a multivariate regression with priors specified in the Bayesian framework that allows for group sparsity at multiple levels including SNPs and genes.

Results
We find the features extracted with our proposed method are better predictors of AD than features used previously in the literature suggesting that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to the features extracted by our proposed method are also more relevant for AD. Our neuroimaging-genetic pipeline lead to the identification of some overlapping and more importantly some different SNPs when compared to those identified with previously used features.

Conclusions
The pipeline we propose combines machine learning and statistical methods to benefit from the strong predictive performance of blackbox models to extract relevant features while preserving the interpretation provided by Bayesian models for genetic association. Finally, we argue in favour of using automatic feature extraction, such as the method we propose, in addition to ROI or voxelwise analysis to find potentially novel disease-relevant SNPs that may not be detected when using ROIs or voxels alone.
Assessing whole-exome sequencing data from undiagnosed Brazilian patients to improve the diagnostic yield of inborn errors of immunity
Authors: Ferreira Cristina Santos , da Silva Francisco Junior Ronaldo , Gerber Alexandra Lehmkuhl , Guimarães Ana Paula de Campos , Amendola Flávia Anisio , Pinto-Mariz Fernanda , de Souza Monica Soares , Miranda Patrícia Carvalho Batista , de Vasconcelos Zilton Farias Meira , Goudouris Ekaterini Simões , Vasconcelos Ana Tereza Ribeiro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Inborn error of immunity (IEI) comprises a broad group of inherited immunological disorders that usually display an overlap in many clinical manifestations challenging their diagnosis. The identification of disease-causing variants from whole-exome sequencing (WES) data comprises the gold-standard approach to ascertain IEI diagnosis. The efforts to increase the availability of clinically relevant genomic data for these disorders constitute an important improvement in the study of rare genetic disorders. This work aims to make available WES data of Brazilian patients’ suspicion of IEI without a genetic diagnosis. We foresee a broad use of this dataset by the scientific community in order to provide a more accurate diagnosis of IEI disorders.

Data description
Twenty singleton unrelated patients treated at four different hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil were enrolled in our study. Half of the patients were male with mean ages of 9 ± 3, while females were 12 ± 10 years old. The WES was performed in the Illumina NextSeq platform with at least 90% of sequenced bases with a minimum of 30 reads depth. Each sample had an average of 20,274 variants, comprising 116 classified as rare pathogenic or likely pathogenic according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association (ACMG) guidelines. The genotype-phenotype association was impaired by the lack of detailed clinical and laboratory information, besides the unavailability of molecular and functional studies which, comprise the limitations of this study. Overall, the access to clinical exome sequencing data is limited, challenging exploratory analyses and the understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying disorders. Therefore, by making these data available, we aim to increase the number of WES data from Brazilian samples despite contributing to the study of monogenic IEI-disorders.
Synergistic antiviral activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Glycyrrhiza glabra against Herpes Simplex-1 Virus (HSV-1) and Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV): experimental and In Silico insights
Authors: Elebeedy Dalia , Ghanem Aml , Aly Shaza H. , Ali Mohamed A. , Faraag Ahmed H. I. , El-Ashrey Mohamed K. , salem Aya M. , Hassab Mahmoud A. El , Maksoud Ahmed I. Abd El 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The emergence of different viral infections calls for the development of new, effective, and safe antiviral drugs. Glycyrrhiza glabra is a well-known herbal remedy possessing antiviral properties.

Objective
The objective of our research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a newly developed combination of the probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus and G. glabra root extract against two viral models, namely the DNA virus Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and the RNA virus Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV), with regards to their antiviral properties.

Methodology
To examine the antiviral impacts of various treatments, we employed the MTT assay and real-time PCR methodology.

Results
The findings of our study indicate that the co-administration of L. acidophilus and G. glabra resulted in a significant improvement in the survival rate of Vero cells, while also leading to a reduction in the titers of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) and Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) in comparison to cells that were not treated. Additionally, an investigation was conducted on glycyrrhizin, the primary constituent of G. glabra extract, utilizing molecular docking techniques. The results indicated that glycyrrhizin exhibited a greater binding energy score for HSV-1 polymerase (− 22.45 kcal/mol) and VSV nucleocapsid (− 19.77 kcal/mol) in comparison to the cocrystallized ligand (− 13.31 and − 11.44 kcal/mol, respectively).

Conclusions
The combination of L. acidophilus and G. glabra extract can be used to develop a new, natural antiviral agent that is safe and effective.
Anticholinergic exposure and its association with dementia/Alzheimer's disease and mortality in older adults
Authors: Poonawalla Insiya B. , Xu Yihua , Gaddy Rainelle , James Alex , Ruble Matt , Burns Salina , Dixon Suzanne W. , Suehs Brandon T. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Use of anticholinergic (ACH) medications is associated with increased risk of cognitive decline in the elderly. However, little is known about this association from a health plan perspective.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used the Humana Research Database to identify individuals with at least one ACH medication dispensed in 2015. Patients were followed until incidence of dementia/Alzheimer’s disease, death, disenrollment or end of December 2019. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to assess the association between ACH exposure and study outcomes, adjusting for demographics and clinical characteristics.

Results
A total of 12,209 individuals with no prior ACH use or dementia/Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis were included. As ACH polypharmacy increased (i.e., from no ACH exposure, to one, two, three, and four or more ACH medications), there was a stair-step increase in the incidence rate of dementia/Alzheimer’s disease (15, 30, 46, 56 and 77 per 1,000 person-years of follow-up) and in the incidence of mortality (19, 37, 80, 115 and 159 per 1,000 person-years of follow-up). After adjusting for confounders, ACH exposure to one, two, three and four or more ACH medications was associated with a 1.6 (95% CI 1.4–1.9), 2.1 (95% CI 1.7–2.8), 2.6 (95% CI 1.5–4.4), and 2.6 (95% CI 1.1–6.3) times, respectively, increased risk of a dementia/Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis compared to periods of no ACH exposure. ACH exposure to one, two, three and four or more medications was associated with a 1.4 (95% CI 1.2–1.6), 2.6 (95% CI 2.1–3.3), 3.8 (95% CI 2.6–5.4), and 3.4 (95% CI 1.8–6.4) times, respectively, increased risk of mortality compared to periods of no ACH exposure.

Conclusions
Reducing ACH exposure may potentially minimize long-term adverse effects in older adults. Results suggest populations which may benefit from targeted interventions to reduce ACH polypharmacy.
Knowledge and experience of midwives and gynecologists about manual rotation of persistent occiput posterior position
Authors: Allahbakhshi Nasab Pouran , Loripoor Marzeyeh , Mirzaei Khalilabadi Sakineh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
management of persistent occiput posterior position has always been controversial. Manual rotation by a delivery operator can reduce instrumental delivery and cesarean section.

Aim
This study aims to determine the knowledge and experience of midwives and gynecologists about manual rotation of persistent occiput posterior position.

Methods
This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 2022. The questionnaire link was sent to 300 participating midwives and gynecologists via WhatsApp Messenger. Two hundred sixty-two participants completed the questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS22 statistical software and descriptive statistics.

Results
189 people (73.3%) had limited information about this technique, and 240 (93%) had never performed it. If this technique is recognized as a safe intervention and is included in the national protocol, 239 people (92.6%) want to learn, and 212 (82.2%) are willing to do it.

Conclusion
According to the results, the knowledge and skills of midwives and gynecologists need to be trained and improved for manual rotation of persistent occiput posterior position.