bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outpatient consolidation chemotherapy with intermediate dose cytarabine has similar survival and relapses rates in acute myeloid leukemia as compared to high dose cytarabine: A single center analysis
Authors: Sljivic Igor , Fulford Adrienne , Ho Jenny , Lazo‐Langner Alejandro , Xenocostas Anargyros , Deotare Uday 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe last decade has seen advances in delivering outpatient consolidation therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The standard of care involves high‐dose cytarabine or intermediate‐dose cytarabine, given twice daily for three alternating days. At the London Regional Cancer Program, we have transitioned the administration of outpatient cytarabine to a once‐daily regimen over six consecutive days. The outcomes of a longer duration interval of high‐dose cytarabine and intermediate‐dose cytarabine is currently unknown. This study aims to assess the feasibility of administering a continuous 6‐day protocol of high‐dose (HDAC‐16) and intermediate‐dose cytarabine (IDAC‐16) consolidation therapy in the outpatient setting.MethodsThis is a retrospective chart review to analyze AML patients treated with outpatient high‐dose or intermediate‐dose cytarabine consolidation therapy at the London Regional Cancer Program from January 1, 2019, through November 1, 2022. The primary objective was to determine the outcomes of the 6‐day outpatient administration of once daily high‐dose cytarabine or intermediate‐dose cytarabine.ResultsForty‐five patients received 89 cycles of cytarabine as outpatients; males were 55.6% of the total population, with a median age of ~57 years. Our overall 2‐year survival of HDAC‐16 (57.1%) and IDAC‐16 (83.3%) is consistent with the reported literature. There was no difference in delays, relapse rates, and nonrelapse mortality between both HDAC and IDAC groups. The 2‐year relapse free survival was 57.1% for HDAC‐16 and 66.7% for IDAC‐16.ConclusionOutpatient administration of intermediate‐dose cytarabine once daily over six consecutive days results in similar overall survival and relapse rates as compared to high dose cytarabine consolidation chemotherapy. Moving to a once daily administration schedule can alleviate logistical and/or accessibility hurdles for outpatient oncology clinics. Prospective randomized trials are needed in this setting to validate our results.
Effect of number of diffusion encoding directions in neonatal diffusion tensor imaging using Tract‐Based Spatial Statistical analysis
Authors: Merisaari Harri , Karlsson Linnea , Scheinin Noora M. , Shulist Satu J. , Lewis John D. , Karlsson Hasse , Tuulari Jetro J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used to study the developing brain in early childhood, infants and in utero studies. In infants, number of used diffusion encoding directions has traditionally been smaller in earlier studies down to the minimum of 6 orthogonal directions. Whereas the more recent studies often involve more directions, number of used directions remain an issue when acquisition time is optimized without compromising on data quality and in retrospective studies. Variability in the number of used directions may introduce bias and uncertainties to the DTI scalar estimates that affect cross‐sectional and longitudinal study of the brain. We analysed DTI images of 133 neonates, each data having 54 directions after quality control, to evaluate the effect of number of diffusion weighting directions from 6 to 54 with interval of 6 to the DTI scalars with Tract‐Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) analysis. The TBSS analysis was applied to DTI scalar maps, and the mean region of interest (ROI) values were extracted using JHU atlas. We found significant bias in ROI mean values when only 6 directions were used (positive in fractional anisotropy [FA] and negative in fractional anisotropy [MD], axial diffusivity [AD] and fractional anisotropy [RD]), while when using 24 directions and above, the difference to scalar values calculated from 54 direction DTI was negligible. In repeated measures voxel‐wise analysis, notable differences to 54 direction DTI were observed with 6, 12 and 18 directions. DTI measurements from data with at least 24 directions may be used in comparisons with DTI measurements from data with higher numbers of directions.
Organic carbon enables the biotic engineering of beneficial soil structure in Profundihumic and Haplic Ferralsols
Authors: Martinez Pedro , Lybrand Rebecca A. , McFarlane Karis J. , Dor Maoz , Gallo Adrian C. , Mayedo Amy , Marini Fillipe , Vidal‐Torrado Pablo , Kleber Markus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe investigated how organic matter may, directly and indirectly, modify the porosity of Ferralsols, that is, deeply weathered soils of the tropics and subtropics. Although empirical and anecdotal evidence suggests that organic matter accumulation may increase porosity, a mechanistic understanding of the processes underlying this beneficial effect is lacking, especially so for Ferralsols. To achieve our end, we leveraged the fact that the Profundihumic qualifier of Ferralsols (PF) is distinguished from Haplic Ferralsols (HF) by both a much larger average carbon content in the first 1 m of soil depth (19 kg C m−3 in PF vs. 10 kg C m−3 in HF) and a significantly lower bulk density (1.05 ± 0.08 kg L−1 in PF vs. 1.21 ± 0.05 kg L−1 in HF). Through exhaustive modelling of carbon – bulk density relationships, we demonstrate that the lower bulk density of PF cannot be satisfactorily explained by a simple dilution effect. Rather, we found that bulk density correlated with carbon content when combined with carbon: nitrogen ratio (r2 = 0.51), black carbon content (r2 = 0.75), and Δ14C (r2 = 0.81). Total pore space was greater in PF (61 ± 3%) than in HF (55 ± 2%), but x‐ray computed tomography revealed that pore space inside soil aggregates of 4–5 mm diameter does not vary between the studied Ferralsols. We further observed nearly twice as many roots and burrows in PF compared with HF. We thus infer that the mechanism responsible for the increase in porosity is most likely an enhancement of resource availability (e.g., energy, carbon, and nutrients) for the organisms (earthworms, ants, termites, etc.) that physically displace soil particles and promote soil aggregation. As a result of increased resource availability, soil organisms can create especially the mesoscale structural soil features necessary for unrestricted water flow and rapid gas exchange. This insight paves the way for the development of land management technologies to optimize the physical shape and capacity of the soil bioreactor.
Can in vitro studies aid in the development and use of antiseizure therapies? A report of the ILAE/AES Joint Translational Task Force
Authors: Morris Gareth , Avoli Massimo , Bernard Christophe , Connor Kate , de Curtis Marco , Dulla Chris G. , Jefferys John G. R. , Psarropoulou Caterina , Staley Kevin J. , Cunningham Mark O. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn vitro preparations (defined here as cultured cells, brain slices, and isolated whole brains) offer a variety of approaches to modeling various aspects of seizures and epilepsy. Such models are particularly amenable to the application of anti‐seizure compounds, and consequently are a valuable tool to screen the mechanisms of epileptiform activity, mode of action of known anti‐seizure medications (ASMs), and the potential efficacy of putative new anti‐seizure compounds. Despite these applications, all disease models are a simplification of reality and are therefore subject to limitations. In this review, we summarize the main types of in vitro models that can be used in epilepsy research, describing key methodologies as well as notable advantages and disadvantages of each. We argue that a well‐designed battery of in vitro models can form an effective and potentially high‐throughput screening platform to predict the clinical usefulness of ASMs, and that in vitro models are particularly useful for interrogating mechanisms of ASMs. To conclude, we offer several key recommendations that maximize the potential value of in vitro models in ASM screening. This includes the use of multiple in vitro tests that can complement each other, carefully combined with in vivo studies, the use of tissues from chronically epileptic (rather than naïve wild‐type) animals, and the integration of human cell/tissue‐derived preparations.
Online coaching blended couple‐oriented intervention for preventing depression among Korean middle adulthood: A feasibility study
Authors: Gil Minji , Kim Suk‐Sun , Kim Daeun , Kim Sunhai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDepression and marital satisfaction have a reciprocal cause‐and‐effect relationship. Thus, couple relationships should be considered to maximize the effectiveness of couple‐oriented interventions for depression. Moreover, developing culturally tailored couple‐oriented interventions is critical for improving cultural acceptability and enhancing the perceived effectiveness of the interventions. A new culturally tailored MindGuide Couple intervention was developed to prevent Korean middle adulthood depression and enhance couple relationships using intervention mapping. This feasibility study used a single‐arm, pre‐ and post‐test, and 2‐month follow‐up design to explore the reach, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of this preventive intervention. Reach was assessed by recruitment, retention, and completion rates; acceptability was measured based on helpfulness, suitability, and satisfaction; and preliminary effectiveness was measured by depression (CES‐D), positive and negative affect (PANAS), satisfaction with life (SWLS), couple satisfaction (CSI), and healthy relationship between spouses (FRAS). Fifteen middle‐aged couples participated in four psychoeducational and asynchronous online modules and four synchronous coaching sessions via videoconferencing for 5–7 weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and repeated measures with analysis of variance. With a 94.1% completion rate, the participants demonstrated high satisfaction with the online coaching blended intervention and reported that it was helpful and easy to use. Both husbands and wives showed significant differences over time in depression, couple satisfaction, and healthy relationships between spouses. This feasibility study demonstrated the successful reach, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of this preventive intervention. Additionally, we suggest the importance of culturally tailored and online coaching blended couple‐oriented intervention for preventing depression and promoting healthy couple relationships.
Macroscale analyses suggest invasive plant impacts depend more on the composition of invading plants than on environmental context
Authors: Beaury Evelyn M. , Sofaer Helen R. , Early Regan , Pearse Ian S. , Blumenthal Dana M. , Corbin Jeffrey D. , Diez Jeffrey , Dukes Jeffrey S. , Barnett David T. , Ibáñez Inés , Petri Laís , Vilà Montserrat , Bradley Bethany A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimNative biodiversity is threatened by the spread of non‐native invasive species. Many studies demonstrate that invasions reduce local biodiversity but we lack an understanding of how impacts vary across environments at the macroscale. Using ~11,500 vegetation surveys from ecosystems across the United States, we quantified how the relationship between non‐native plant cover and native plant diversity varied across different compositions of invading plants (measured by non‐native plant richness and evenness) and environmental contexts (measured by productivity and human activity).LocationContinental United States.Time PeriodSurveys from 1990s‐present.Major Taxa StudiedTerrestrial plant communities.MethodsWe fit mixed effects models to understand how native plant richness, diversity and evenness varied with non‐native cover. We tested how this relationship varied when non‐native cover interacted with non‐native plant richness and evenness, and with productivity and human activity.ResultsAcross the United States, communities with greater cover of non‐native plants had lower native plant richness and diversity but higher evenness, suggesting rare native plants can be lost while dominant plants decline in abundance. The relationship between non‐native cover and native community diversity varied with non‐native plant richness and evenness but was not associated with productivity and human activity. Negative associations were strongest in areas with low non‐native richness and evenness, characterizing plant communities that were invaded by a dominant non‐native plant.Main ConclusionsNon‐native plant cover provides a first approximation of invasion impacts on native community diversity, but the magnitude of impact depended on non‐native plant richness and evenness. Relationships between non‐native cover and native diversity were consistent in strength across continental scale gradients of productivity and human activity. Therefore, at the macroscale, invasive plant impacts on native plant communities likely depend more on the characteristics of the invading plants, that is the presence of a dominant invader, than on the environmental context.
Mutual enhancement or one‐way street: The intended synergy between research and education of Dutch universities of applied sciences
Authors: Daas Sanne R. , Day Indira N. Z. , Griffioen Didi M. E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe integration of research activities in universities of applied sciences (UASs) has led to the transformation of these universities into organisations with two primary processes: research and education. Although many believe in the benefits of combining research and education in one organisation, which is referred to as synergy in this study, research–education synergies have rarely been empirically investigated, particularly in the UAS context. Thus, this research investigates the intended synergy between the research and education of UASs by conducting a document analysis of their university‐wide strategic policy. The findings show that UASs aim for synergies among people, UAS organisations and outside UAS organisations, with a focus on education‐oriented synergies. This study provides an initial understanding of the strategic aims of UASs considering research–education synergy. The findings provide direction and a framework for future research and form a base for making explicit strategic choices for research–education connections in universities.
Facilitated telemedicine for hepatitis C virus: Addressing challenges for improving health and life for people with opioid use disorder
Authors: Talal Andrew H. , Jaanimägi Urmo , Dharia Arpan , Dickerson Suzanne S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople who use drugs (PWUD) frequently delay or avoid obtaining medical care in traditional healthcare settings. Through a randomized controlled trial, we investigated facilitated telemedicine for hepatitis C virus (HCV) integrated into opioid treatment programmes. We sought to understand the experiences and meanings of facilitated telemedicine and an HCV cure among PWUD.MethodsWe utilized purposive sampling to interview 25 participants, 6–40 months after achieving an HCV cure. We interpreted and explicated common meanings of participants' experiences of an HCV cure obtained through facilitated telemedicine.ResultsParticipants embraced facilitated telemedicine integrated into opioid treatment programmes as patient‐centred care delivered in ‘safe spaces’ (Theme 1). Participants elucidated their experiences of substance use and HCV while committing to treatment for both entities. Facilitated telemedicine integrated into opioid treatment programmes enabled participants to avoid stigma encountered in conventional healthcare settings (Theme 2). Participants conveyed facing negative perceptions of HCV and substance use disorder. Improved self‐awareness, acquired through HCV and substance use treatment, enabled participants to develop strategies to address shame and stigma (Theme 3). An HCV cure, considered by PWUD as a victory over a lethal infectious disease, promotes self‐confidence, enabling participants to improve their health and lives (Theme 4).ConclusionsIntegrating facilitated telemedicine into opioid treatment programmes addresses several healthcare barriers for PWUD. Similarly, obtaining an HCV cure increases their self‐confidence, permissive to positive lifestyle changes and mitigating the negative consequences of substance use.Patient and Public ContributionIn this study of patient involvement, we interviewed patient‐participants to understand the meaning of an HCV cure through facilitated telemedicine. Participants from a facilitated telemedicine pilot study provided essential input on the design and outcomes of a randomized controlled trial. Pilot study participants endorsed facilitated telemedicine in a testimonial video. They attended site initiation meetings to guide trial implementation. A Patient Advisory Committee (PAC) ensured that patient participants were active members of the research team. The PAC represented patients' voices through feedback on study procedures. A Sustainability Committee supported public involvement in the research process, including educational opportunities, feedback on implementation, and future sustainability considerations.
THE SHAPING OF A GENDER NORM: MARRIAGE, LABOR, AND FOOT‐BINDING IN HISTORICAL CHINA
Authors: Xinyu Fan  , Lingwei Wu  
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article presents a theory that explains the rise of foot‐binding in historical China, in response to a gender‐asymmetric social mobility shock that dispersed men's quality distribution in the marriage market. The theory characterizes the marriage market equilibrium and women's competition strategies before and after the shock. Empirical evidence using archival data corroborates the theoretical predictions that greater men's social mobility opportunities encouraged foot‐binding and that a greater cost of women's labor discouraged foot‐binding. The article thus highlights that costly gender norms can be traced back to gender asymmetry in social mobility opportunities.
Synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic application of Gd/K co‐doped ZnO
Authors: Aydın Ünal Fatma , Ünal Murat , Ataşer Tuğçe , Özçelik Süleyman 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the synthesis of undoped ZnO and 5 wt % Gd/K co‐doped ZnO compounds to improve photocatalytic activity. Undoped ZnO particles and Gd/K co‐doped ZnO particles were synthesized by the sol‐gel method. The samples were studied by X‐ Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)/energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), Ultraviolet Visible Spectroscopy (UV‐Vis), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and particle size analysis. Then tehir photocatalytic activities were tested. SEM micrographs showed that the particle size was in the sub‐micrometer or nanometer range. Particle size analysis revealed that the mean size was closer to the micrometer range. The specific surface area of the powder was obtained quite low in accordance with the larger particle size. The photocatalytic activity of 5% Gd/K co‐doped ZnO was compared with undoped ZnO in the degradation methyl blue. When their photocatalytic activities were examined, Gd/K co‐doped ZnO showed ∼66% degradation at 60 min, while undoped ZnO showed ∼52% degradation at the same time.
Exploring social enterprise legitimacy within ecosystems from an institutional approach: A systematic literature review and research agenda
Authors: Spanuth Alina , Urbano David 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe legitimation of social enterprises is contingent upon the institutional context and targeted stakeholders; however, this claim has not been explored systematically, considering existing legitimacy strategies. Understanding the reasons behind the pursuit of legitimacy and the strategies that can be employed in specific contexts is paramount for social enterprises to obtain legitimacy and enhance positive social impact. This paper undertakes a systematic literature review at the intersection of social enterprise legitimacy, institutional theory and entrepreneurial ecosystems. Drawing on articles in journals included in the Web of Science database, the review enhances understanding of social enterprise legitimacy research through institutional contextualization by answering the question: ‘Why and how do social enterprises aim to obtain legitimacy in different contexts and towards which ecosystem actors?’ Six main reasons why social enterprises pursue legitimacy are identified, namely: to acquire tangible (financial and material) and intangible (community support and trust) resources; to compete with commercial businesses and non‐governmental organizations; to comply with stakeholder demands; to overcome institutional challenges; to create social impact; and to bring about institutional change. Alongside these reasons for legitimacy pursuit, legitimacy strategies and the addressed actors and institutions are identified and synthesized into three categories: institutional context dependency; closeness to the audience; and multidimensionality and process perspective, identifying promising avenues for further research that are more context‐sensitive. The review provides guidance for social enterprises seeking to identify and adapt legitimacy strategies, enabling them to address the pressing issues of legitimacy deficits that continue to hamper the generation of social impact.
Tailoring layered Csf/SiBCN composites with pseudoplastic fracture behavior: Strengthening and toughening mechanisms
Authors: Dou Wenhao , Li Daxin , Wang Bingzhu , Cai Delong , Yang Zhihua , Jia Dechang , Riedel Ralf , Qin Shaohua , Zhou Yu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe layering process using phenolic resin coupled with pressureless sintering technique was explored to prepare short carbon fiber‐reinforced SiBCN composites (Csf/SiBCN). The effect of phenolic resin content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Csf/SiBCN was mainly studied. Results suggest that the addition of phenolic resin can appropriately improve density and flexural strength and reduce total pore volume of the composites because phenolic resin can partly consolidate SiBCN powders to promote shaping via low‐temperature pressureless sintering. As the phenolic resin content increases, the fracture behavior changes from delamination fracture to monolithic fracture, thereby reducing fracture displacement. The reason for this performance is that the interlayer bonding is enhanced to hinder crack propagation along the layers.