bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-vitro Evaluation of Fungicide Sensitivity of Tomato Leaf Blight Pathogens
Authors: Ogolla Fredrick , Nyakinywa Ruth , Chabari Samson , Onyango Benson 
Published: May 2023

Tomato early and late blight diseases caused by Alternaria solani and Phytophthora infestans respectively, are constraints to tomato production globally. Conventional use of commercial synthetic fungicides in management of tomato blight disease has become a key input for tomato production among farmers in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. Indiscriminate use and application of sub-lethal doses of fungicides negate disease management efforts, and may lead to gradual fungicide resistance. Yet, local tomato farmers have continued to use the fungicides without periodic evaluation of their effectiveness. This study was carried out in-vitro to evaluate the efficacy of six synthetic commercial fungicides used by farmers around River Ruguti, against two tomato leaf blight pathogens; Alternaria solani and Phytophthora infestans. The poison food method was used to evaluate fungicides known by trade names and application levels; Mancozeb (640 g kg-1) + Metalaxyl (40 g kg-1), Mancozeb 640 g/kg + Metalaxyl 80 g/kg, Mancozeb, Propineb700 g/kg + Cymoxanil 60 g/kg, Carbendazim and Triticonazole at different concentration (25%, 50% and 75%). The in-vitro plate experiment was laid out in a Complete Randomized Design with 3 replicates, and data on mycelia growth inhibition analyzed through General Linear Model (α=.05) and significant means separated using Least significant difference (LSD) using Scientific Analysis System version 9.4. All the tested fungicides significantly (p≤ 0.05) inhibited mycelial growth of tested pathogen. Percentage inhibition for early blight pathogen (Alternaria solani) was 80.42% compared to late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans at 69.51%. Mancozeb (640 g kg-1) + Metalaxyl (40 g kg-1) and Propineb700 g/kg + Cymoxanil 60 g/kg recorded higher per cent inhibition of mycelia growth of 92.4% and 89.71% respectively. Carbendazim recorded lower per cent inhibition of 39.15%. Mycelia growth inhibition increased with an increase in fungicide concentration. Lower inhibition of 71.78% was observed at 25% concentration as compared to 50% and 75% with 76.77% and 76.36% respectively. Fungicides screened varied in mycelia inhibition against P. infestans and A. solani isolates with Mancozeb (640 g kg-1) + Metalaxyl (40 g kg-1) and Propineb700g/kg +Cymoxanil 60g/kg giving significantly (p≤ 0.05) better inhibition while Carbendazim had the lowest inhibition effect. Increased fungicide concentration effectively inhibited mycelia growth. Thus higher concentration of fungicide application is recommended in cases where there is low efficacy of fungicides.
Analysis of Soil Biological Conditions in Organic and Inorganic Agriculture Areas in Tanah Datar Regency
Authors: Nasution Ade Fitriadi , Adelina Harahap Rasmita 
Published: May 2023

Enzyme activity due to soil microbial activity is an important event in knowing the status of microbial biomass and as an indicator of the occurrence of nutrient cycling. This activity is not just a chemical event, but rather a complex biological process related to the interaction of life interests between organism. The activities of each soil microbial group further emphasize its diversity status, and have an impact on various bioprocess events that allow the degradation and synthesis of soil organic matter. Respiration events are a description of the acceleration of bioprocesses carried out by soil microbial biomass. The implementation of an enzymatic process can reflect an integrated chemical process, physics and mineralization that occurs in the soil as a result of microbial activity, in maintaining and realizing the resilience of its ecosystem. This research is a survey method and soil sampling (purposive sampling) followed by soil testing in the laboratory with the following stages: (a) analysis of experimental soil samples at the Soil Biology Laboratory, Soil Research Institute, Bogor, (b) interview. Analysis of organic and organic soil nitrogenase activity in Jorong Carano Batirai and Jorong Aie Angek, Tanah Datar Regency obtained a total of 4 samples. Indicates the presence of nitrogenase activity, namely NOI, NAI, NOII and NAII. The highest nitrogenase activity based on ARA was in the NOII sample and the lowest was in the NAI sample. Land management affects urease activity, urease is an enzyme that is sensitive to various levels of land management. Higher urease activity with organic use, because the level of land management is less intensive and receives little inorganic fertilizer or pesticide.
Keywords : soil enzyme activity, soil biological fertility
Identification the Causes of Diseases Caused by Fungi and the Intensity of Their Attacks on Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) in Bungaraya Village, Bungaraya Sub-district, Siak district
Authors: Irfandri  , Ali Muhammad , Khavifah Alviatul 
Published: May 2023

The demand of shallots that increase are not balanced with their productions especially in Riau. One of the main cause of low productivity is the attack of nuisance plant organism. The research aims to analyze the diseases that are caused by fungi and the intensity of their attacks on Shallots in Bungaraya Village, Bungaraya Sub District, Siak Regency. The research is done by using an exploration method; observing the diseases attacks intensity in field and observation; isolation and purification of shallots’ fungi, identification of fungi’ isolate on shallots. The intensity observation of diseases attack in field is done by diagonal method by determining the 5 points of samples randomly, then observing the kind of diseases that are found base on the symptoms and their intensity of attacks. The Identification of disease cause Fungi isolate observed the characteristic of macroscopic and microscopic mushroom. The result shows that the early diagnosis of diseases in the field on shallots in Bungaraya Village, Bungaraya Sub District, Siak Regency is withered fusarium diseases that is caused by A. porri fungi. The attack intensity of withered fusarium diseases is 80,51% and the attack intensity of purple spot diseases is 2,85%
Dancing without a Floor: The Artists’ Politic of Queer Club Space
Authors: Moffatt Ken 
Published: May 2023

<p>Club events have been an important element of queer culture in urban North America. In the following article, I document the nature of a specific queer club space, Vazaleen, in Toronto, Canada. The article describes the historical context of Vazaleen, as well as artist Will Munros influence on the event. I argue that club space can contribute an important politic to queer culture when the event supports a culture of diversity for queers. Club space becomes significant queer space when based upon an ethics of change that refuses ontological foundations. Within the club space, concrete sensuous, specific relations, both real and acted out as fictions, challenge the taken-for-granted assumptions about queerness. The politic of the space is a challenge to abstract conceptual purity and the transcendent. Munros interest in ephemeral, open-ended, communal space, along with his refusal to rush to judgement, has been influential in affecting the philosophical nature of the space. Social critique and experimentation is important to participants who value the subjective construction of local culture in the present through the historicity of the moment.</p>
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Perlindungan Hak Tersangka Dalam Memberikan Keterangan Secara Bebas Pada Proses Penyidikan Di Kepolisian Sektor Medan Baru
Authors: Raja Darman Lumban , Fauzi Ahmad , Sahari Alpi 
Published: May 2023

Kepentingan dalam penyelidikan harus sesuai dan menghormati HAM. Dalam pembatasan dan pengaturan pemeriksaan setiap tahapan proses, baik dalam penangkapan, penyitaan, penggeledahan, penahanan, penyidikan, penuntutan maupun penghukuman tidaklah serta merta menghapus keseluruhan hak, melainkan hak atas kebebasannya saja yang telah hilang sedangkan hak-hak yang lainya tetap mendapat perlindungan oleh Undang-Undang.Adapun masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perlindungan hukum bagi tersangka dalam pemeriksaan memberikan keterangan secara bebas pada proses penyidikan di Kepolisian Sektor Medan Baru (Polsek Medan Baru), apa yang menjadi hambatan yang dihadapi oleh penyidik dalam hal tersangka memberikan keterangan secara bebas pada proses penyidikan di Kepolisian Sektor Medan Baru (Polsek Medan Baru), apa yang menjadi solusi terhadap penyidik dalam hal tersangka memberikan keterangan secara bebas pada proses penyidikan di Kepolisian Sektor Medan Baru (Polsek Medan Baru). Metode penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian Normatif didukung data empiris dengan wawacara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa perlindungan hukum bagi tersangka dalam proses penyidikan telah diatur dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana, pada dasarnya sudah dilaksanakan namun belum dilakukan dengan baik atau secara menyeluruh. Adanya suatu asas presumption of innocence atau lebih dikenal dengan asas praduga tak bersalah serta kurang pahamnya tersangka mengenai hak- hak yang dapat diperoleh tersangka dan tersangka yang tidak paham akan pentingnya bantuan hukum, ketidakjujuran dan transparansi dari tersangka, ditambahkannya anggaran untuk penyidik, jumlah penyidik dan penyidik pembantu yang terbatas disebabkan minimnya minat polisi untuk menjadi seorang penyidik
Akad Tabarru’ Dalam Asuransi Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Lubis M. Syukran Yamin 
Published: May 2023

Asuransi salah satu lembaga keuangan yang bergerak di bidang pertanggungan merupakan sebuah institusi modern hasil temuan dari dunia Barat yang lahir bersamaan dengan semangat pencerahan (renaissance). Ajaran Islam, asuransi dipraktikkan sejak zaman Rasulullah SAW. Penyelenggaraan asuransi syariah di Indonesia mengacu Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2014 tentang Perasuransian pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 1992 tentang Usaha Perasuransian. Akad asuransi syariah adalah akad tijarah dan akad tabarru’. Akad tijarah semua bentuk akad untuk tujuan komersial misalnya: wadi’ah, wakalah. Akad tabarru’ bentuk akad tujuan kebaikan dan tolong menolong. Keuntungan akad Tabarru’ terhadap peserta asuransi syariah kesepakatan saling tolong menolong (ta’awun) dan saling menanggung (takaful) diantara peserta memberi kontribusi kedalam dana tabarru’. Keuntungan akad Tabarru’ terhadap perusahaan asuransi berdasarkan fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia No. 21/DSN-MUI/X/2001 point ke sepuluh tentang pengelolaan ayat ke 2 dan 3, perusahaan asuransi syariah memperoleh bagi hasil pengelolaan dana yang terkumpul atas dasar akad tijarah (mudharabah); perusahaaan asuransi syariah memperoleh ujrah (fee) dari pengelolaan dana akad tabarru’ (hibah). Keuntungan akad Tabarru’ terhadap masyarakat diatur Peraturan Menteri Keuangan No 18/PMK.010/2010 menyatakan apabila perusahaan tidak memiliki peserta dan perusahaan akan menghentikan kegiatan usahanya atas permintaan sendiri, dana tabarru’ wajib dihibahkan kepada lembaga sosial atas pertimbangan Dewan Pengawas Syariah
Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Costus speciosus Extracts
Authors: Khan Abira , Rashid SM Mahbubur , Uddin M Aftab 
Published: May 2023

Costus speciosus (J. Koenig) Sm., commonly known as crepe ginger, is primarily used as an ornamental plant worldwide. The aim of this research was to study the phytoconstituents of locally collected C. speciosus plant samples and test their antimicrobial effect against selected bacterial strains. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenolic compounds, tannins, glycosides, and cardiac glycosides in the extracts. The extracts displayed variable degrees of antibacterial activity against the microorganisms in a bioautography experiment based on thin-layer chromatography. All the extracts showed activity against S. aureus, and none showed any activity against P. aeuroginosa. The ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts from the plant leaf and stem showed efficacy against S. typhi and B. subtilis, while the ethyl acetate extracts prevented the growth of S. pneumoniae. Only the ethanol extract from plant leaves had a negligible effect on K. pneumoniae.
Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 39, Number 2, December 2022, pp 46-52
Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Carriage Amongst Healthcare Workers of Critical Care Units in Tertiary Hospitals of Jashore, Bangladesh
Authors: Shah SM Tanjil , Chakrovarty Tanay , Atiqua - , Roy Pravas Chandra , Islam Md Tanvir , Rahman Sabita Rezwana , Rahman Md Majibur 
Published: May 2023

Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for numerous mild to severe diseases in humans in both hospital and community settings. This problem is getting even worse for multi-drug resistant S. aureus. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are in a threat of MRSA carriage and can serve as reservoirs. Therefore, this can lead to subsequent infection and cause a nosocomial outbreak of MRSA. This cross-sectional study involved 85 healthcare workers (HCWs) from surgery units and critical care units of five different tertiary hospitals at Jashore, Bangladesh. Nasal swab samples were collected and inoculated on selective Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) media. S. aureus was confirmed by selective growth on MSA and detection of the presence of the femA gene. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined for all S. aureus isolates. Methicillin resistance was detected using both disc diffusion assay and gene specific polymerase chain reaction. S. aureus specific staphylococcal protein A (Spa) typing was also done by sequence analyses of PCR products. Among the 85 enrolled HCW personnel, 34 (40%) were carrying S. aureus followed by the S. intermedius (N=32). An overall prevalence of MRSA was found to be 3.53% (3/85). However, all the strains were susceptible to vancomycin. Additionally, 100% sensitivity was found against Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and Linezolid. Sequence analysis of Spa PCR product revealed that all S. aureus isolates were of t304 spa type. None of the S. aureus was a biofilm former. This study was only a survey on the prevalence of MRSA among HCWs. Integrated surveillance for MDR MRSA carriage among HCWs is warranted to control bursts of nosocomial infections effectively. It is strongly recommended to maintain good microbiological and personal hygiene practices by HCWs.
Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 39, Number 2, December 2022, pp 60-66
A ansiedade de pacientes em pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca e o papel do enfermeiro
Authors: Pinto Izabelli Cordeiro Dias , Sampaio Carlos Eduardo Peres , Koeppe Giselle Barcellos Oliveira , Goulart Raphael Ribeiro , Vabo Isabella de Fatima Pessoa do , Prado Taiana dos Santos Bernardo 
Published: May 2023

O estudo foi composto de seis artigos selecionados em bancos de dados da BVS, SOBECC, ILACS, e Revistas de Enfermagem. Os resultados foram apresentados através de fluxogramas e fundamentações absolutas e relativas acerca do assunto. Este estudo teve como objeto a assistência do Enfermeiro frente ao paciente com ansiedade no pré-operatório cardíaco. O objetivo foi amplamente atingido através do material encontrado. Objetivos: Identificar a ansiedade vivenciada por pacientes em pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. e, qual o papel do Enfermeiro frente a esse quadro de ansiedade do paciente. Método: tratou-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa do tipo descritivo exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, que foi desenvolvido entre outubro e novembro de 2022. Conclusão: Os valores elevados de ansiedade, corroborando com outras pesquisas, indicam que os enfermeiros devem incluir a investigação da ansiedade na sua avaliação, seja através de instrumentos gerais validados ou, principalmente, através do uso do diagnóstico de enfermagem e das características definidoras. Mostram-se necessárias pesquisas com um maior número de sujeitos a ser estudado por um período também maior, visando avaliar os aspectos psicológicos envolvidos no pré-operatório cardíaco e poder oferecer meios de vigilância que auxiliem a equipe de Enfermagem e multidisciplinar nos cuidados aos pacientes cardíacos.
Prevalência de quadros de transtorno de ansiedade durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em alunos de medicina de uma instituição no Oeste do Paraná
Authors: Torquato Lorena Brito , Madureira Eduardo Miguel Prata , Vachanski Keilla Denise de Limas 
Published: May 2023

O Transtorno de Ansiedade (TA) é muito prevalente, de acordo com a OMS (organização mundial da saúde) está presente em 9,3% da população brasileira. Com o surgimento da pandemia causada pelo COVID-19 houve muita tensão na sociedade, pela necessidade de se adaptar a uma nova realidade de crise sanitária. Esse cenário interferiu de maneira abrupta na formação médica, sendo necessário aos alunos e educadores que se adequassem. Entre as diversas mudanças, incluiu-se a migração do ensino presencial para o meio remoto e a suspensão de aulas práticas. Isso ocasionou em muitos acadêmicos um sentimento de medo e ansiedade por uma situação ainda não vivenciada, levando a alterações psíquicas. Desse modo, nesse estudo foi feito uma pesquisa quantitativa por meio da aplicação de questionários nos acadêmicos de medicina de uma instituição no Oeste do Paraná, com o objetivo de entender quais foram os prejuízos acarretados em suas vidas por causa do COVID-19 no que diz respeito ao Transtorno de Ansiedade (TA).
Os impactos causados pela radiologia digital na Odontologia: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Passos Filipe de Araújo , Aguiar João Rafael Santos , Monte Thiago Lima , Falcão Carlos Alberto Monteiro , Freitas Sérgio Antônio Pereira 
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e compreender como ocorre a utilização das radiografias digitais na prática odontológica. Existem vantagens e desvantagens na utilização de radiografias digitais. A revisão de literatura foi realizada com buscas nas bases de dados Pubmed, SCIELO, BVS, REVodonto e outros anais científicos, utilizando as palavras chaves radiologia digital, digitalização, radiografia digital e odontologia. Os critérios de inclusão, foram: artigos em língua portuguesa e inglesa, publicados entre os anos de 2011 a 2022, no qual foram incluídos 8 estudos que abordam sobre os descritores supracitados e excluídos os artigos incompletos e resumos, dessa maneira os fatos encontrados foram organizados em sequência cronológica (de 2012 a 2022) de forma descritiva para análise dos estudos. Conclui-se que o manuseio das radiografias digitais nas rotinas odontológica proporcionam algumas vantagens, bem como para os profissionais como para os pacientes por ser um método de rápida efetuação e que adequado para reduzir resursos em nível de custo-efetividade.
Biomass and lipid production by the native green microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana in response to nutrients, light intensity, and carbon dioxide: experimental and modeling approach
Authors: Montoya-Vallejo Carolina , Guzmán Duque Fernando León , Quintero Díaz Juan Carlos 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Microalgae are photosynthetic cells that can produce third-generation biofuels and other commercial compounds. Microalgal growth is influenced by two main parameters: light intensity and carbon dioxide concentration, which represent the energy and carbon source, respectively. For photosynthesis, the optimum values of abiotic factors vary among species.Methods: In this study, the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana was isolated from a freshwater lake. It was identified using molecular analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer. A single-factor design of experiments in 250-mL Erlenmeyer flasks was used to evaluate which concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus increase the production of biomass and lipids. The response surface methodology was used with a 32-factorial design (light intensity and CO2 were used to evaluate its effect on biomass, lipid production, and specific growth rates, in 200-mL tubular photobioreactors (PBRs)).Results and Discussion: Low levels of light lead to lipid accumulation, while higher levels of light lead to the synthesis of cell biomass. The highest biomass and lipid production were 0.705 ± 0.04 g/L and 55.1% ± 4.1%, respectively. A mathematical model was proposed in order to describe the main phenomena occurring in the culture, such as oxygen and CO2 mass transfer and the effect of light and nutrients on the growth of microalgae. The main novelties of this work were molecular identification of the strain, optimization of culture conditions for the indigenous microalgae species that were isolated, and formulation of a model that describes the behavior of the culture.
Aptamer-enriched scaffolds for tissue regeneration: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Parisi Ludovica , Ghezzi Benedetta , Toffoli Andrea , Macaluso Guido M. , Lumetti Simone 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Aptamers are a brand-new class of receptors that can be exploited to improve the bioactivity of tissue engineering grafts. The aim of this work was to revise the current literature on in vitro and in vivo studies in order to i) identify current strategies adopted to improve scaffold bioactivity by aptamers; ii) assess effects of aptamer functionalization on cell behavior and iii) on tissue regeneration.Methods: Using a systematic search approach original research articles published up to 30 April 2022, were considered and screened.Results: In total, 131 records were identified and 18 were included in the final analysis. Included studies showed that aptamers can improve the bioactivity of biomaterials by specific adsorption of adhesive molecules or growth factors from the surrounding environment, or by capturing specific cell types. All the studies showed that aptamers ameliorate scaffold colonization by cells without modifying the physicochemical characteristics of the bare scaffold. Additionally, aptamers seem to promote the early stages of tissue healing and to promote anatomical and functional regeneration.Discussion: Although a metanalysis could not be performed due to the limited number of studies, we believe these findings provide solid evidence supporting the use of aptamers as a suitable modification to improve the bioactivity of tissue engineering constructs.