bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aberrant accumulation of phosphorylated BRCA1 in brainstem-type and cortical-type Lewy bodies in Lewy body disease
Authors: Nakamura Masataka , Murakami Aya , Dickson Dennis W , Yakushiji Yusuke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
BRCA1 plays important roles in several biological events during the DNA damage response (DDR). We aimed to determine whether cytoplasmic accumulation of BRCA1 or its phosphorylated form, pBRCA1, is specific to cytoplasmic inclusions in tauopathies, or if it also occurs in α-synuclein-positive inclusions in Lewy body disease (LBD). Using brain tissue from pure LBD, LBD with Alzheimer disease (AD) co-pathology (LBD-AD), and control cases, the immunohistochemical distributions of BRCA1, pBRCA1, its binding partner BARD1, and 53BP1 were examined. The results showed that pBRCA1 (Ser1423) and BARD1 accumulated in brainstem-type Lewy bodies (LBs), whereas only pBRCA1 (Ser1423) was present in cortical-type LBs. There was no significant difference in the frequency of pBRCA1 (Ser1423)-positive LBs between the pure LBD and LBD-AD cases. pBRCA1 (Ser1423) was minimally detected in neuronal nuclei in controls and was absent in neuronal nuclei in LBD cases. In control and LBD cases, 53BP1-immunoreactive deposits were present in the neuronal nuclei. Thus, DDR dysfunction due to cytoplasmic sequestration of pBRCA1 (Ser1423) may play a role in LBD pathogenesis. Additionally, the selective accumulation of BARD1 in brainstem-type LBs, but not cortical-type LBs, points to distinct mechanisms in the formation of these inclusion types, offering further insights into LBD pathology.
Accurate shear estimation with fourth-order moments
Authors: Park Andy , Li Xiangchong , Mandelbaum Rachel 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
As imaging surveys progress in exploring the large-scale structure of the Universe through the use of weak gravitational lensing, achieving sub-per cent accuracy in estimating shape distortions caused by lensing, or shear, is imperative for precision cosmology. In this paper, we extend the Fourier power function shapelets (FPFS) shear estimator using fourth-order shapelet moments and combine it with the original second-order shear estimator to reduce galaxy shape noise. We calibrate this novel shear estimator analytically to a sub-per cent level-accuracy using the AnaCal framework. This higher order shear estimator is tested with realistic image simulations, and after analytical correction for the detection/selection bias and noise bias, the multiplicative shear bias $|m|$ is below $3\times 10^{-3}$ (99.7 per cent confidence interval) for both isolated and blended galaxies. Once combined with the second-order FPFS shear estimator, the shape noise is reduced by $\sim 35~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ for isolated galaxies in simulations with Hyper Suprime-Cam and Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time observational conditions. However, for blended galaxies, the effective number density does not significantly improve with the combination of the two estimators. Based on these results, we recommend exploration of how this framework can further reduce the systematic uncertainties in shear due to point spread function leakage and modelling error, and potentially provide improved precision in shear inference in high-resolution space-based images.
Moduli stabilization in finite modular symmetric models
Authors: Abe Yoshihiko , Goto Komei , Higaki Tetsutaro , Kobayashi Tatsuo , Nasu Kaito 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study vacua of moduli potential consisting of multiple contribution of modular forms in a finite modular symmetry. If the potential is given by a single modular form, the Minkowski vacuum is realized at the fixed point of the modular symmetry. We show that the de Sitter vacuum is realized with a multiple modular form case and obtain a non-trivial vacuum which is away from the fixed point, i.e. a large modulus vacuum expectation value, depending on the choice of the weight and representation of the modular forms. We study these vacua numerically and analytically. It is also found that the vacua obtained in this paper preserve CP symmetry.
Nutritional carryover effects of the previous plane of nutrition of crossbred Angus steers affects freshwater intake, animal performance, and water and feed efficiency
Authors: da Silva Aghata Elins Moreira , Macias Franco Arturo , de Moura Felipe Henrique , Norris Aaron , Bangert Kelli Noelle , Bezerra Leilson Rocha , Mota Lucas Gimenez , Fonseca Mozart Alves 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study evaluated how the backgrounding diet can affect water intake, animal performance and water and feed efficiency of steers fed finishing diets based on grains or forages. Twenty-four crossbred Angus steers (298 ± 10.2 kg) were fed during backgrounding either a moderate (MP, n = 12; triticale hay only, 9.1%crude protein [CP], 1.07 Mcal/kg net energy available for maintenance [NEm], and 0.52 Mcal/kg net energy available for gain [NEg]) or high plane of nutrition (HP, n = 12; 85% alfalfa hay and 15% beardless wheat hay, 12.62%CP, 1.23 Mcal/kg NEm, and 0.66 Mcal/kg NEg) during the background phase (85 d). After this period, steers were assigned to two finishing phase groups containing half of the animals from each backgrounding diets. During the finishing phase, animals were fed either a forage-based (Alfalfa hay; CP: 20.8% DM, NEm: 1.47 Mcal/kg, NEg: 0.88 Mcal/kg) or a grain-based diet (80% whole corn and 20% wheat hay; CP: 10.6% DM, NEm: 1.96 Mcal/kg, NEg: 1.31 Mcal/kg). There was no interaction between the effects of the previous plane of nutrition [(moderate (MP) or high (HP)] and finishing diets (forage or grain-fed) on any of the variables studied (P &gt; 0.05). Animals backgrounded on MP were lighter and had a lower DMI when compared with HP (P &lt; 0.01). However, no differences were observed on the drinking water intake (DWI) between MP and HP (P &gt; 0.05). HP animals were more efficient in gross water efficiency (P &lt; 0.01), but less efficient on residual feed intake (P &lt; 0.05), compared to MP animals. During the finishing phase, forage fed animals had a greater DMI and DWI compared with grain-fed animals (P &lt; 0.01), however, no differences were observed on the final BW (P &gt; 0.05). Grain-fed animals were more efficient for water and feed intake and had a greater marbling score (P &lt; 0.01) compared to forage-fed. Animals fed on HP and finished in a grain-fed diet had the least DWI (P &lt; 0.05) and greatest body condition score (P &lt; 0.05), marbling score (P &lt; 0.01) and rib depth (P &lt; 0.05). In the first 20 d of the finishing period, the previous plane affected the variables ADG, DMI, CPi, and DWI (as kg DMI and CP) in the finishing plane. Altogether, our results highlight the individual effects of backgrounding and finishing systems on DWI and the efficiency of finishing animals, as well as the importance of providing adequate nutrition during the earlier stages of life.
Safety evaluation for bogie with side bearer pad based on US CFR standard
Authors: Zhang Haifeng , Xu Yugong , Zhang Wenkang , Xue Shihai , Liu Xiong , Fang Xueqiao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Side bearer pad is a typical structure widely adopted in the design of the bogie supporting the subway vehicles in US. This type of bogie should meet the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), so the safety of this type of bogie needs to be evaluated, especially the safety against derailment. Usually, the lateral and vertical force will be calculated from dynamics model by VAMPIRE or SIMPACK and the result compared with the Nadal limit to evaluate the derailment safety margin. Track condition, guard rail condition, wheel/rail CoF, side bearer pad CoF, speed are the major factors which affect the L/V. This paper will introduce the structure of bogie with side bearer pad and discuss the safety against derailment evaluation based on the sensitivity of the above factors.
Pruritic Urticarial Papules and Plaques of Pregnancy Case Study
Authors: Ousley Lisa , Snuggs Barbora 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
A primiparous patient, 30 days postpartum, presented to the clinic with a chief complaint of an itchy red rash on her mid to lower abdomen. It started 2 days ago. The rash had spread to her upper thighs. Past medical history was negative for skin disease or atopy. Her examination exposed pruritic erythematous polymorphous papules, with subsequent coalescence of larger urticarial plaques on the mid to lower abdomen and upper thighs. The patient was diagnosed with pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP). PUPPP is the most common dermatosis affecting about one in 200 pregnant women. It has no tendency to recur in subsequent pregnancies. The elevated differential diagnosis included pemphigoid gestationis and eczema. Drug eruptions, urticaria, and viral exanthems were also considered. The primary goal of PUPPP treatment is to alleviate pruritus and discomfort. Antihistamines and topical corticosteroids are often prescribed along with skin care recommendations. Patients frequently have limited relief from topical treatments or skin care strategies. The extent of patient discomfort mandates competent evaluation because treatment is symptomatic and PUPPP can be difficult to manage. Despite the discomfort related to severe pruritus, PUPPP is not harmful to the mother or baby.
Low Bone Mineral Density and Associated Factors Among People Living With HIV in Kerman, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2021–2022
Authors: Rashidi Hamidreza , Mehmandoost Soheil , Fahimfar Noushin , Aghaei Meybodi Hamid Reza , Hosseinian Seyed Mohammad , Shirzad Noushin , Hajivalizade Fatemeh , Sanjari Mahnaz , Shakibi Mohammad Reza , Hasan Aghaei Tarlan , Yazdi Yahaabadi Farzaneh , Salajegheh Pouriya , Shafiee Gita , Razi Farideh , Ranjbar Ebrahim , McFarland Willi , Ostovar Afshin , Sharifi Hamid 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chronic diseases such as osteoporosis and low bone mineral density (BMD) are significant public health concerns for people living with HIV (PLWH), especially with the increased life expectancy because of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study evaluated the prevalence and associated factors of low BMD among 94 PLWH in Kerman, Iran, from September 2021 to February 2022. Using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, BMD was measured, with low BMD defined by specific T-scores and Z-scores. Predictors were assessed through interviews, medical records, and blood tests. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models identified associations between low BMD and various factors. The study found a 51.1% prevalence of low BMD, with significant associations with hypogonadism (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.19), longer ART duration (aOR per month: 1.02), and lower body mass index (aOR per unit: 0.83). The findings highlight the need for regular screening and timely intervention for low BMD among PLWH, particularly with prolonged ART use.
How people respond to their analgesic adverse drug event: A secondary data analysis
Authors: McDonald Deborah Dillon , Zhang Yiming , Almasri Batool 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
An individual's inability to self-identify or refusal to acknowledge an analgesic adverse drug event (ADE) lengthens the time to ADE treatment and resolution and may worsen the outcome.

Purpose:
The purpose was to describe how people who experienced an analgesic ADE during pain self-management respond to the event and to identify predictors of serious analgesic ADEs.

Methodology:
The design was a secondary data analysis. The sample consisted of 599 adult cases that had an analgesic ADE during pain self-management and reported their response to the ADE, the analgesic, a description of the ADE, demographic, and health data. Logistic regression was used to test predictors of serious versus nonserious analgesic ADEs.

Results:
Three-fourth (75.5%) of cases indicated the ADE was easy to connect to the analgesic. The majority (72.6%) stopped the medication. Most (71.9%) talked with their provider. Serious ADEs such as gastrointestinal bleeding occurred in 16.2% of cases. Significant predictors of serious analgesic ADEs included less than a baccalaureate degree, male gender, and a higher Analgesic Adverse Drug Event Measure score.

Conclusions:
Adults who experience an analgesic ADE generally respond in an injury prevention way. A smaller group of individuals who experienced a serious analgesic ADE did not seem to differentiate between serious and nonserious ADEs.

Implications:
To promote safe pain management when prescribing new analgesics, providers should highlight common serious ADEs and instruct patients to contact them if an ADE emerges and to seek immediate care if they suspect a serious ADE.
Characterization of preclinical models to investigate spinal cord stimulation for neuropathic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mugan Dave , Vuong Quoc C. , Dietz Birte E. , Obara Ilona 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite advancements in preclinical and clinical spinal cord stimulation (SCS) research, the mechanisms of SCS action remain unclear. This may result from challenges in translatability of findings between species. Our systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42023457443) aimed to comprehensively characterize the important translational components of preclinical SCS models, including stimulating elements and stimulation specifications. Databases (Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and WikiStim) were searched on October 5, 2023, identifying 78 studies meeting the search criteria. We conducted a post hoc meta-analysis, including subgroup analyses and meta-regression, to assess SCS efficacy on mechanical hypersensitivity in rats subjected to neuropathic pain. Although monopolar electrodes were predominantly used as stimulating elements until 2013, quadripolar paddle and cylindrical leads gained recent popularity. Most research was conducted using 50 Hz and 200 µs stimulation. Motor threshold (MT) estimation was the predominant strategy to determine SCS intensity, which was set to 71.9% of MT on average. Our analysis revealed a large effect size for SCS (Hedge g = 1.13, 95% CI: [0.93, 1.32]) with similar magnitudes of effect between conventional (≤100 Hz) and nonconventional SCS paradigms while sham SCS had nonsignificant effect size. In addition, different stimulation intensity, frequency, and electrode design did not affect effect size. The risk of bias was assessed using Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation criteria and was unclear, and only the frequency subgroup analysis showed publication bias. In summary, our review characterizes the critical components of preclinical SCS models and provides recommendations to improve reproducibility and translatability, thereby advancing the scientific foundation for SCS research.
Current source density and functional connectivity extracted from resting-state electroencephalography as biomarkers for chronic low back pain
Authors: Ueno Keita , Yamada Keiko , Ueda Masaya , Naito Yasuo , Ishii Ryouhei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a global health issue, and its nonspecific causes make treatment challenging. Understanding the neural mechanisms of CLBP should contribute to developing effective therapies.

Objectives:
To compare current source density (CSD) and functional connectivity (FC) extracted from resting electroencephalography (EEG) between patients with CLBP and healthy controls and to examine the correlations between EEG indices and symptoms.

Methods:
Thirty-four patients with CLBP and 34 healthy controls in an open data set were analyzed. Five-minute resting-state closed-eye EEG was acquired using the international 10-20 system. Current source density across frequency bands was calculated using exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography. Functional connectivity was assessed between 24 cortical regions using lagged linear connectivity. Correlations between pain symptoms and CSD distribution and FC were examined in patients with CLBP.

Results:
Current source density analysis showed no significant differences between the groups. The CLBP group exhibited significantly reduced FC in the β3 band between the left middle temporal gyrus and the posterior cingulate cortex, and between the ventral medial prefrontal cortex and the left inferior parietal lobule. Prefrontal θ and δ activity positively correlated with pain symptoms. Increased β1 band FC between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right auditory cortex correlated with greater pain intensity.

Conclusions:
We found altered neural activity and connectivity in patients with CLBP, particularly in prefrontal and temporal regions. These results suggest potential targets for pain modulation through brain pathways and highlight the value of EEG biomarkers in understanding pain mechanisms and assessing treatment efficacy.
Role of bilevel erector spinae with high thoracic block vs conventional unilevel block in analgesia and reduction of pain in axilla in breast cancer surgeries: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Elsabeeny Walaa Y. , Fahmy Reham M. , Elshamy Fatma H. , Shehab Nahla N. , Abed Sayed M. , Taha Walid S. , Ibrahim Mostafa A. , Gad Ahmed F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
Management of pain associated with breast cancer surgeries is crucial in reducing incidence of postmastectomy pain syndrome. The pain distribution involves the anterior chest wall, axillary area and ipsilateral upper limb.

Objective:
This study was designed to investigate the effect of bilevel erector spinae plane block (ESPB) with high thoracic block vs the conventional unilevel ESPB vs opioids in patients with cancer undergoing modified radical mastectomy regarding pain control and reducing pain in axilla.

Methods:
One hundred twenty-six female patients with cancer and American Society of Anesthesiology II, III were randomized into 3 groups: bilevel ESPB, unilevel ESPB, and control group. The primary outcome was total postoperative morphine consumption.

Results:
Total postoperative morphine consumption was higher for the control group compared with the bilevel and unilevel groups (5.5 ± 1.8 vs 3.0 ± 0.0 and 4.3 ± 1.6 mg, P = 0.038). First time to receive morphine was longer for bilevel and unilevel groups compared with the control group (20.7 ± 3.1 and 17.7 ± 4.1 vs 8.2 ± 5 hours, P < 0.001). There was 96.1% and 90.3% reduction in morphine intake with odds ratio 25.6 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.6–100) and 10.3 (95% CI: 3.7–28.6) for the bilevel and unilevel groups compared with the control group. There was 98.5% and 65.4% reduction in the incidence of pain in axilla with odds ratio 66.6 (95% CI: 16.9–250) and 21.7 (95% CI: 6.75–66.6) for the bilevel and unilevel groups compared with the control group. Postoperative visual analog scale was lower for the bilevel group after 2, 4, and 24 hours compared with both the control group and the unilevel groups, P < 0.005.

Conclusion:
Both conventional unilevel and high thoracic bilevel ESPB had better analgesic profile when compared with opioids. Although the bilevel ESPB had additional merits to the unilevel ESPB in analgesic effects, both can be used effectively.
A Prospective Comparison of Patient Reported Outcomes After Facial Laser Resurfacing
Authors: Arias Fernando , Gala Zachary , Stetz Laura , Elfanagely Omar , Greco Gregory 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Laser resurfacing provides a minimally invasive method for addressing facial/neck skin rejuvenation neglected by modern surgical approaches. Despite its popularity, there is a paucity of outcome data. Herein, we present patient reported outcomes (PROs) to assess the effectiveness of a single surgeon’s approach to skin rejuvenation.

Methods:
Adult patients undergoing first-time facial laser resurfacing (with broadband light and hybrid Er:YAG/thulium laser or hybrid thulium fractional laser alone) between March 2023 - February 2024, performed by the senior author (GG) and laser specialist (Registered Nurse: RN (LS)), were prospectively analyzed. Patient demographics, laser technique/settings, prophylactic medication, and post-procedure management were collected. PROs were assessed during early and late recovery periods, using 10 FACE-Q surveys related to appearance, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and adverse effects. A paired student’s t-test compared pre- and post-treatment responses.

Results:
A total of 71 (69 female, two male) patients were identified. The mean age was 56 years [40-78]. Most (>50%) patients experienced tightness, swelling, tenderness, discomfort, and burning in the early recovery period, that dissipated over time. Post-procedure facial (p < 0.001) and skin (p < 0.001) appearance scores improved significantly, whereas that of facial lines insignificantly improved (p = 0.053). Overall, most patients were satisfied with the treatment outcome and their decision to undergo laser resurfacing.

Conclusion:
Patients were highly satisfied with both the decision to undergo the procedure and the outcome, particularly in facial appearance and HRQOL. They experienced minimal adverse effects in the early recovery period that dissipated over time.
“MINIMIZING THIGHPLASTY COMPLICATIONS: A COMBINED APPROACH OF J MEDIAL PATTERN AND HELIUM-PLASMA ASSISTED LIPOSCULPTURE”
Authors: Tambasco Damiano , Albanese Roberta , Tomaselli Federica , Pinto Valentina , Pinelli Massimo , De Santis Giorgio 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARY
Thighplasty is a widely performed body contouring procedure, utilizing various surgical techniques for thigh lifting, including medial scar positioning, vertical and horizontal procedures, and liposuction. Despite its popularity, thighplasty is associated with high complication rates and suboptimal postoperative outcomes.
This article presents a novel technique: the J medial thighplasty combined with helium plasma radiofrequency technology (HPRF) to address moderate skin and soft-tissue laxity and ptosis in the inner thighs. Between 2020 and 2023, 21 patients underwent this combined procedure. The surgical approach involved selective liposuction in targeted areas, skin resection, and preservation of deep tissue layers, coupled with the application of HPRF in the lower third of the medial thigh.
Results demonstrated significant reductions in thigh laxity, correction of skin overhang, and fat reduction, yielding improved functional and aesthetic outcomes in the lower thigh region. By strategically avoiding lymphatic vessels in superficial areas, the risk of secondary lymphedema was minimized. Patient satisfaction was notably high, with both patients and surgeons reporting favorable results.
In conclusion, the J medial thighplasty combined with HPRF offers an effective and straightforward method for enhancing the lower thigh area with minimal complications. This innovative technique provides a promising solution for patients seeking improved thigh contouring while ensuring high levels of patient satisfaction.