bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐trait anxious individuals show positive relationship between HRV and threat vigilance
Authors: Miller Aaron , Barros Isabel , Callendar Alyssa , Schroeder Grace , Shakeshaft Morgan , St.Ours Sirena , Lucero John , Miller Karissa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSelectively attending to threat‐related stimuli in the environment, known as threat bias (TB), is a prominent feature of anxiety. Individuals with high anxiety also tend to show lower heart rate variability (HRV), a reflection of reduced parasympathetic cardiac control. Previous investigations have established associations between low HRV and various attentional processes that facilitate attention to threat, though these have primarily been conducted among non‐anxious individuals. The current analysis, derived from a larger TB modification study, examined the relationship between TB and HRV among a young, nonclinical sample of individuals with either high or low trait anxiety (HTA, LTA, respectively; Mage = 25.8, SD = 13.2, 61.3% female). Consistent with expectations, HTA (β = −.18, p = .087) trended toward an association with higher threat vigilance. A significant moderation effect showed the relationship between HRV and threat vigilance was influenced by TA (β = .42, p = .004). Simple slopes analysis revealed that for the LTA group, lower HRV trended toward higher threat vigilance (p = .123), consistent with expectations. However, this relationship was unexpectedly reversed for the HTA group, for whom higher HRV was a significant predictor of higher threat vigilance (p = .015). These results are interpreted within a cognitive control framework, in which regulatory ability, as assessed via HRV, may influence which cognitive strategy is employed when encountering threatening stimuli. Results suggest that HTA individuals with greater regulatory ability may employ a contrast avoidance mechanism, while those with reduced regulatory ability engage in cognitive avoidance.
Do Confucian values and working experience matter? The impact of provincial governors’ characteristics on the management level of major road accidents in China
Authors: Huang Hong , Liu Tingting , Yang Ruiju 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUpper echelons theory (UET) proposes that organizational outcomes are directly affected by the experiences, personalities, and values of individuals who occupy critical managerial roles within an organization. Using the lens of UET, this study investigates how governors’ characteristics affect the management level of major road accidents (MLMRA). The empirical work is based on fixed effects regression models that are applied to Chinese provincial panel data from 2008 to 2017. This study uncovers that the MLMRA is associated with governors’ tenure, central background, and Confucian values. We further document that the effect of Confucianism on the MLMRA is stronger when traffic regulation pressure is high. This study has the potential to advance our understanding of the impact of leaders’ characteristics on organizational outcomes in the public sector.
Teaching in the right context: Textbook supply program, language, and learning
Authors: Fujii Tomoki , Nakajima Maki , Xu Sijia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn ethnic gap in education is prevalent around the world. This remains the case in Vietnam, a country that has achieved phenomenal economic growth and raised the educational attainment of the public. This paper examines the impact of language policy reorientation represented by the textbook supply program in Vietnam on the ethnic gap in children's learning measured by a vocabulary test. Applying difference‐in‐differences estimation to the Young Lives data between 2006 and 2015, we show that the program became more effective in narrowing the ethnic gap as the education policy became reoriented toward ethnic minority children. A causal mediation analysis reveals that increased study time is possibly a moderate mediator through which the language policy reorientation helped narrow the ethnic gap for the young cohort over and above the direct impact, but this was not the case for the old cohort. This paper, therefore, alludes to the importance of delivering learning materials carefully designed for the target group to bring about meaningful behavioral changes. It also underscores the importance of teaching in the right context, corroborating the findings from recent studies on teaching at the right level.
Establishment of a sequential dual tracer 18F‐NaF/18F‐FDG PET protocol for imaging the equine foot
Authors: Spriet Mathieu , Espinosa‐Mur Pablo , Zhang Xuezhu , Berg Eric , Bec Julien , Katzman Scott , Galuppo Larry 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe combination of 18F‐Sodium Fluoride (18F‐NaF) and 18F‐FluoroDeoxyGlucose (18F‐FDG) for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of the equine foot is appealing for detection of both osseous and soft tissue lesions in a single scan. As the combination of tracers could lead to a loss of information, a sequential approach, consisting in imaging with one tracer prior to injecting the second tracer, might be valuable. The goals of this prospective, methods comparison, exploratory study were to establish the order of tracer injection and timing for imaging. Six research horses were imaged under general anesthesia with 18F‐NaF PET, 18F‐FDG PET, dual 18F‐NaF/18F‐FDG PET, and CT. Proper uptake could be identified in tendon lesions as early as 10 min after 18F‐FDG injection. Bone uptake was limited when 18F‐NaF was injected under general anesthesia, even at 1 h after injection, when compared with 18F‐NaF injection prior to anesthesia. The sensitivity and specificity of the dual tracer scans were 0.77 (0.63 to 0.86) and 0.98 (0.96 to 0.99) respectively, to assess 18F‐NaF uptake and 0.5 (0.28 to 0.72) and 0.98 (0.95 to 0.99), respectively, for 18F‐FDG uptake. These results suggest that the sequential dual tracer approach is a pertinent technique to optimize the PET data gained from a single anesthetic episode. Based on dynamics of tracer uptake, the optimal protocol consists in injecting 18F‐NaF prior to anesthesia, acquire 18F‐NaF data then inject 18F‐FDG and start acquisition of dual tracer PET data 10 min later. This protocol should be further validated in a larger clinical study.
Proprioceptors in extraocular muscles
Authors: Blumer Roland , Carrero‐Rojas Génova , Calvo Paula M. , Streicher Johannes , de la Cruz Rosa R. , Pastor Angel M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProprioception is the sense that lets us perceive the location, movement and action of the body parts. The proprioceptive apparatus includes specialized sense organs (proprioceptors) which are embedded in the skeletal muscles. The eyeballs are moved by six pairs of eye muscles and binocular vision depends on fine‐tuned coordination of the optical axes of both eyes. Although experimental studies indicate that the brain has access to eye position information, both classical proprioceptors (muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organ) are absent in the extraocular muscles of most mammalian species. This paradox of monitoring extraocular muscle activity in the absence of typical proprioceptors seemed to be resolved when a particular nerve specialization (the palisade ending) was detected in the extraocular muscles of mammals. In fact, for decades there was consensus that palisade endings were sensory structures that provide eye position information. The sensory function was called into question when recent studies revealed the molecular phenotype and the origin of palisade endings. Today we are faced with the fact that palisade endings exhibit sensory as well as motor features. This review aims to evaluate the literature on extraocular muscle proprioceptors and palisade endings and to reconsider current knowledge of their structure and function.
Searching Lorentz invariance violation from cosmic photon attenuation
Authors: Li Hao , Ma Bo-Qiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLorentz invariance violation (LIV) can change the threshold behavior predicted by special relativity and cause threshold anomalies which affect the propagation of cosmic photons. In this work, we focus on the threshold anomaly effect on cosmic photon attenuations by extragalactic background light (EBL) and discuss how to identify LIV from observations of very high energy (VHE) photons propagated from long distance in the universe. We point out that the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), one of the most sensitive gamma-ray detector arrays currently operating at TeV and PeV energies, is an ideal facility for performing such LIV searching. We apply the proposed strategy to discuss the newly observed gamma-ray burst GRB 221009A to demonstrate the predictive ability of our suggestions.
THE IMPACT OF FRUGAL INNOVATION ON SUSTAINABILITY: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: STÖBER LEA FRANZISKA , SOMMER DANIEL , EBERSBERGER BERND 
Published: March 2023

Concerns about sustainability challenges are growing. Companies are under pressure to rethink existing innovation paradigms. In this context, research interest in the resource-constrained innovation concept, frugal innovation, has increased. In this paper, we examine the impact of frugal innovation on the economic, social, and ecological sustainability dimensions by conducting a systematic literature review of 44 papers. We find that frugal innovation is a promising approach to promote sustainable development from an economic perspective and a social perspective. Nevertheless, positive and negative effects exist in all three dimensions. Thus, a positive relationship is not inherent but must be proactively formed. External factors can influence the impact of frugal innovation on sustainability. For future research we recommend (1) establishing a unified understanding of frugal innovation through a clear definition, (2) broadening the research focus to a global perspective, (3) assessing the impact of frugal innovation along the entire product life cycle, and (4) investigating characteristics that make frugal innovation sustainable.
A Practical Survey on Faster and Lighter Transformers
Authors: Fournier Quentin , Caron Gaétan Marceau , Aloise Daniel 
Published: March 2023

Recurrent neural networks are effective models to process sequences. However, they are unable to learn long-term dependencies because of their inherent sequential nature. As a solution, Vaswani et al. introduced the Transformer, a model solely based on the attention mechanism that is able to relate any two positions of the input sequence, hence modelling arbitrary long dependencies. The Transformer has improved the state-of-the-art across numerous sequence modelling tasks. However, its effectiveness comes at the expense of a quadratic computational and memory complexity with respect to the sequence length, hindering its adoption. Fortunately, the deep learning community has always been interested in improving the models’ efficiency, leading to a plethora of solutions such as parameter sharing, pruning, mixed-precision, and knowledge distillation. Recently, researchers have directly addressed the Transformer’s limitation by designing lower-complexity alternatives such as the Longformer, Reformer, Linformer, and Performer. However, due to the wide range of solutions, it has become challenging for researchers and practitioners to determine which methods to apply in practice to meet the desired tradeoff between capacity, computation, and memory. This survey addresses this issue by investigating popular approaches to make Transformers faster and lighter and by providing a comprehensive explanation of the methods’ strengths, limitations, and underlying assumptions.
CNN-based Robust Sound Source Localization with SRP-PHAT for the Extreme Edge
Authors: Yin Jun , Verhelst Marian 
Published: March 2023

Robust sound source localization for environments with noise and reverberation are increasingly exploiting deep neural networks fed with various acoustic features. Yet, state-of-the-art research mainly focuses on optimizing algorithmic accuracy, resulting in huge models preventing edge-device deployment. The edge, however, urges for real-time low-footprint acoustic reasoning for applications such as hearing aids and robot interactions. Hence, we set off from a robust CNN-based model using SRP-PHAT features, Cross3D [16], to pursue an efficient yet compact model architecture for the extreme edge. For both the SRP feature representation and neural network, we propose respectively our scalable LC-SRP-Edge and Cross3D-Edge algorithms which are optimized towards lower hardware overhead. LC-SRP-Edge halves the complexity and on-chip memory overhead for the sinc interpolation compared to the original LC-SRP [19]. Over multiple SRP resolution cases, Cross3D-Edge saves 10.32%~73.71% computational complexity and 59.77%~94.66% neural network weights against the Cross3D baseline. In terms of the accuracy-efficiency tradeoff, the most balanced version (EM) requires only 127.1 MFLOPS computation, 3.71 MByte/s bandwidth, and 0.821 MByte on-chip memory in total, while still retaining competitiveness in state-of-the-art accuracy comparisons. It achieves 8.59 ms/frame end-to-end latency on a Rasberry Pi 4B, which is 7.26× faster than the corresponding baseline.
The Evolving Effectiveness of Biologics in Avoiding Surgery in Children With Ulcerative Colitis: At what Nutritional Cost?
Authors: Kumar Mohineesh , Harvey Rachel N. , Osei Samuel K. , Fatima Ayesha , Menning Alexander Z. , Akay Begum , Brahmamdam Pavan , Stallion Anthony , Novotny Nathan M. 
Published: March 2023

Background Pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment has changed dramatically with the introduction of multiple biologics. The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of these new biologics on achieving remission, nutritional impact, and eventual need for surgery in children. Methods We retrospectively analyzed hospital records of UC patients (ages 1-19) seen at a pediatric gastroenterology clinic between January 2012 andAugust 2020. Patients were divided into groups: 1) medically without biologics or surgery; 2) patients treated with one biologic; and 3) patients treated with multiple biologics 4)patients that underwent colectomy. Results There were 115 UC patients with a mean follow-up of 5.9 ± 3.7 years (1 month-15.3 years). PUCAI score at diagnosis was mild in 52 patients (45%), moderate in 25 (21%), and severe in 5 (4.3%). PUCAI score for 33 patients (29%) could not be calculated. There were 48 (41.3%) in group 1 with 58% remission, 34 (29.6%) in group 2 with 71% remission, 24 (20.8%) in group 3 with 29% remission, and only 9 (7.8%) in group 4 with 100% remission. The majority (55%) of surgical patients had colectomy within the first year of diagnosis. BMI improved after surgery ( P = 0.001). The change from one biologic to others did not improve nutrition over time. Discussion New biologics are changing the landscape in maintaining remission from UC. The current need for surgery is much lower than previously published studies. In medically refractive UC, nutritional status only improved after surgery. Addition of another biologic for medically refractory ulcerative colitis in order to avoid surgery must take into account the positive impact surgery has on nutrition and disease remission.
The Initial Epoch of Psychosurgery in India: A Retrospective Data Review from Mysore Government Mental Hospital
Authors: Ghani Sarah , Dahale Ajit Bhalchandra , Basavarajappa Chethan , Jaisoorya TS  , Jain Sanjeev , Murthy Pratima 
Published: March 2023

Background: In the early 20th century, psychosurgery had gained worldwide popularity for treating mentally ill persons, especially in western countries. We attempt to chronicle its journey in the Mysore Government Mental Hospital (MGMH), now the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru. Methods: Archived case records and registers of patients admitted from 1939 to 1947 were reviewed to identify those who had undergone psychosurgery. Case records of the identified patients were assessed for clinical information, including the details of psychosurgery. Results: Among the patients, 107 had undergone psychosurgery, primarily leucotomy. Schizophrenia (51.5%) was the most common diagnosis in them, and 33.7% of all patients were reported to have improved. Yet, inconsistencies were found about the presence and degree of improvement. Possible side effects were not consistently documented. Conclusion: Psychosurgery was adopted at the MGMH very soon following its introduction in the western world. However, ambiguity about its benefits and risks was noted in the current study.
Resilience through Disclosure and Meaning Making in Qoheleth and the Babylonian Theodicy
Authors: Meek Russell L. , Mehlman Elizabeth 
Published: March 2023

This study rereads Qoheleth and the Babylonian Theodicy through a trauma lens as opposed to the generic lens of speculative wisdom encompassing retributive justice, retribution theology, and the deed-consequence nexus and their consequent view of the gods’/God’s justice. According to retribution theology, actions correlate appropriately to consequences; however, in light of their suffering and resilience, both authors are disillusioned, struggling to make sense of life’s predicaments despite their religiosity and placating of the deity, as they also resist retribution theology. Rereading Qoheleth and the Babylonian Theodicy through a trauma lens shows that both sufferers seek answers and cope with suffering similarly to modern readers. This study acknowledges the use and limits of retribution theology operating within the Hebrew and Mesopotamian worldview to illustrate how these texts resist retributive justice. However, we also illustrate how the collective and individual aspects of trauma theory transcend ethic, cultural, epochal, and geographical boundaries. Furthermore, the juxtaposed ancient texts demonstrate how to cope with traumatic life experiences outside the confines of retributive justice by making meaning of self and others in the world and exhibiting resilience through effective coping strategies. Ultimately, Qoheleth affirms that while fearing God is right, navigating trauma includes enjoying God’s simple gifts such as food, wine, work, and a spouse for momentary relief. The Babylonian Theodicy sufferer makes meaning and develops resiliency through self-disclosure to friends and acceptance.
Steroid-loaded reconstituted high-density lipoprotein nanocarrier: A new treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Yu Ye , Liu Xuesong , Ma Xinyi , Jiang Gan , Song Qingxiang , Guo Ruru , Wang Suli , Gao Xiaoling , Lu Liangjing 
Published: March 2023

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the most effective and commonly used drugs for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, a large number of side effects occur after long-term or high-dose glucocorticoid treatment, which severely restricts the use of glucocorticoids. Reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL), an emerging nanocarrier, is promising for targeted delivery to sites of inflammation and macrophages. Here, we prepared a steroid-loaded recombinant high-density lipoprotein and evaluated its therapeutic efficacy in a murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7) and a lupus (MRL/lpr mice) mouse model. The obtained corticosteroid-loaded nanomedicine, named PLP-CaP-rHDL, exhibited desirable characteristics. Pharmacodynamics studies revealed that the nanoparticles could significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the macrophages in vitro and also effectively alleviate lupus nephritis in MRL/lpr mice without causing obvious side effects at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg. Thus, our newly developed steroid-loaded rHDL nanocarriers hold a great potential for anti-inflammatory therapy with reduced side effects and may provide a precise targeted therapy for SLE.
A Community Engaged Approach in Adapting Motivational Interviewing and Skills Training for Native Americans With Experiences of Substance Misuse
Authors: Walker Denise , Pearson Cynthia , Day Angelique , Bedard-Gilligan Michele , Saluskin Kathryn , Huh David , Kaysen Debra 
Published: March 2023

Objective American Indian and Alaskan Natives (AIAN) are regenerating cultural knowledge and practices to adapt westernized evidence-based interventions to address health concerns such as substance use. This study describes the process of selecting, adapting, and implementing motivational interviewing plus cognitive behavior therapy (motivational interviewing + Skills Training; MIST) for use in a combined substance use intervention with a rural, Northwest tribal community. Methods An established community and academic partnership worked together to make culturally mindful changes to MIST. The partnership incorporated community leaders/Elders (n = 7), providers (n = 9), and participants (n = 50) to implement an iterative process of adapting and implementing the adapted form of MIST. Results Key adaptations included presenting concepts grounded in tribal values, providing examples from the community perspective, and incorporating cultural customs and traditions. Overall, the MIST adaptation was favorably received by participants, and the adaptation appeared feasible. Conclusions Adapted MIST appeared to be an acceptable intervention for this Native American community. Future research should evaluate the interventions efficacy in reducing substance use among this and other Native American communities. Future clinical research should consider strategies outlined in this adaptation as a potential process for working with Native American communities to implement culturally appropriate interventions.
SARS-Cov-2 Infection and Seroconversion Rates in Healthcare Providers Prior to COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout
Authors: Shin Sanghyuk S. , Bender Miriam , Malherbe Delphine C. , Vasquez Hannah , Doratt Brianna M. , Messaoudi Ilhem 
Published: March 2023

Objective A 6-month longitudinal surveillance study of asymptomatic healthcare providers (HCP) was carried out at a large urban academic medical center in the United States to assess whether their job occupation with higher exposure risks to SARS-CoV-2 would equate with higher risk of contracting COVID-19 at the beginning of the pandemic before COVID-19 vaccines were available. Methods A longitudinal cohort study design was used to collect and analyze immunological and virological monitoring data and self-report survey assessments of personal protective equipment (PPE) availability, adherence to infection control guidelines, and time spent on COVID-19 wards. Results Among 289 eligible participants, SARS-CoV-2 exposure risk was high with 48–69% participants working in COVID-19 units and more than 30% of them caring for COVID-19 patients. However, the seroconversion rate was low with only 2.1% of participants developing humoral or cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion Our study findings suggest that, for this HCP cohort working at a large urban academic medical center, a low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection could be maintained under conditions of strict infection prevention protocols and reliable PPE availability.