bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain monitoring after cardiac arrest
Authors: Sandroni Claudio , Skrifvars Markus Benedikt , Taccone Fabio Silvio 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of review
To describe the available neuromonitoring tools in patients who are comatose after resuscitation from cardiac arrest because of hypoxic–ischemic brain injury (HIBI).

Recent findings
Electroencephalogram (EEG) is useful for detecting seizures and guiding antiepileptic treatment. Moreover, specific EEG patterns accurately identify patients with irreversible HIBI. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) decreases in HIBI, and a greater decrease with no CBF recovery indicates poor outcome. The CBF autoregulation curve is narrowed and right-shifted in some HIBI patients, most of whom have poor outcome. Parameters derived from near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), intracranial pressure (ICP) and transcranial Doppler (TCD), together with brain tissue oxygenation, are under investigation as tools to optimize CBF in patients with HIBI and altered autoregulation. Blood levels of brain biomarkers and their trend over time are used to assess the severity of HIBI in both the research and clinical setting, and to predict the outcome of postcardiac arrest coma. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is recommended as a prognostic tool for HIBI in the current postresuscitation guidelines, but other potentially more accurate biomarkers, such as neurofilament light chain (NfL) are under investigation.

Summary
Neuromonitoring provides essential information to detect complications, individualize treatment and predict prognosis in patients with HIBI.
Beyond intracranial pressure: monitoring cerebral perfusion and autoregulation in severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Dietvorst Sofie , Depreitere Bart , Meyfroidt Geert 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of review
Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains the most prevalent neurological condition worldwide. Observational and interventional studies provide evidence to recommend monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) in all severe TBI patients. Existing guidelines focus on treating elevated ICP and optimizing cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), according to fixed universal thresholds. However, both ICP and CPP, their target thresholds, and their interaction, need to be interpreted in a broader picture of cerebral autoregulation, the natural capacity to adjust cerebrovascular resistance to preserve cerebral blood flow in response to external stimuli.

Recent findings
Cerebral autoregulation is often impaired in TBI patients, and monitoring cerebral autoregulation might be useful to develop personalized therapy rather than treatment of one size fits all thresholds and guidelines based on unidimensional static relationships.

Summary
Today, there is no gold standard available to estimate cerebral autoregulation. Cerebral autoregulation can be triggered by performing a mean arterial pressure (MAP) challenge, in which MAP is increased by 10% for 20 min. The response of ICP (increase or decrease) will estimate the status of cerebral autoregulation and can steer therapy mainly concerning optimizing patient-specific CPP. The role of cerebral metabolic changes and its relationship to cerebral autoregulation is still unclear and awaits further investigation.
Efficacy of rational emotive behavior therapy for the improvement of knowledge and risk perception of hypertension among university lecturers in South East Nigeria: REBT for university lecturers’ hypertension improvement
Authors: Uwakwe Stephen Iro , Uwakwe Chinedozie , Edeh Nathaniel Ifeanyi , Chukwu Chukwuemeka Joseph , Enyi Chinwe , Irouwakwe Chidera , Chukwuemeka-Nworu Joyce Ijeoma , David Adeleye Olaide , Ezepue Evelyn Ijeoma , Aneke Mary Chioma , Nwankwo Benedict Chimezie , Isilebo Chidiebere Nwamara , Ezurike Chukwuemeka Alexander , Nweke Prince Onyemaechi 
Published: February 2023

Background:
This study determined the effectiveness of a rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT) intervention on knowledge of risks of hypertension among university lecturers in South-east geopolitical zone of Nigeria.

Methods:
The study used a group randomized controlled trial design to group the participants into treatment group and a waiting-list control group and the hypertension knowledge questionnaire and the Perceived Risks of Hypertension Questionnaire to collect a pretest, posttest, and follow-up data of this study. The sample of the study was 84 university lecturers in public universities in Southeast Nigeria (University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State) who satisfies the requirements to participate in the study. The study lasted for 10 weeks. The data collected for the study were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and t test statistics.

Results:
The findings of this study were that REBT health educational intervention effectively increased the education foundation and business education lecturers’ knowledge and perceived risk of hypertension compared to participants in waitlist group. Lastly, the outcomes of the follow-up measures indicate that the increased knowledge and perceived risks of hypertension acquired during the training program was sustained by the treatment group one month after the end of program.

Conclusion:
The REBT health educational intervention program could be utilized to increase knowledge and perceived risks of hypertension among university lecturers in public universities in Southeast Nigeria.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation without preconditioning in a child with therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome: A case report
Authors: Tung Yi-Ling , Wang Yi-Lun , Chang Tsung-Yen , Chiu Chia-Chi , Wen Yu-Chuan , Jaing Tang-Her 
Published: February 2023

Rationale:
Infants with mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-rearranged leukemia are usually refractory to standard induction therapy and are not immediate candidates for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Chromosome 11q23 translocations, resulting in MLL rearrangement, have been well characterized in infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). While t(4;11) ALL continues to have carry a bleak prognosis, patients with therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS) have a shorter median overall survival than those compared with de novo MDS.

Patient concerns:
We describe a child with t-MDS who evolved from MLL-rearranged ALL and was successfully treated with HSCT without toxic preconditioning.

Diagnoses:
MDS diagnosis was based on morphological characteristics of bone marrow dysplasia in patients with clinical manifestations evidence of hematopoiesis impairments by different combinations of anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia.

Interventions:
Although the best donor for allo-HSCT is generally considered an human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling, only ~ 30% of patients have a suitable sibling. HSCT from an unrelated donor is a suitable option for patients with t-MDS who do not have matched sibling donors.

Outcomes:
Allo-HSCT without recipient preconditioning could be a promising treatment option for t-MDS, especially for patients with recurrent or persistent infections.

Lessons:
Cytogenetics, prognosis, and treatment of t-MDS are briefly discussed. Preconditioning before allo-HSCT seriously damages immune function. This work reviews our experience with a patient with t-MDS following ALL complicated by recurrent infections, and highlights our choice to omit preconditioning from allo-HSCT.
Percutaneous nephroscopy combined with the laser used for right kidney bullet extraction: A case report
Authors: Wang Baolong , Yang Lijun , Yuan Jianlin , Qin Weijun , Wu Peng , Yang Xiaojian , Hou Guangdong , Yu Ming , Gong Xue , Xu Zhicheng , Qin Jun , Gao Xuelin , Ma Shuaijun , Wang Fuli 
Published: February 2023

Rationale:
Wounds caused by firearms are intractable problems in treating war traumas and clinical management. Conventional open surgery inflicts large injury and leads to slow recovery. At the same time, most patients suffer from compound injuries with the critical condition and poor operation tolerance. Thus, it is crucial to probe into the minimally invasive surgical removal of residual kidney bullets.

Patient concerns:
We report a case where a bullet remained in the right renal parenchyma on the patient, with penetrating injury in his liver.

Diagnosis:
Obviously the patient has suffered gunshot wound with a bullet stuck in his kidney, while his liver function was impacted.

Interventions:
Six months after the injury, we performed the minimally-invasive procedures on the patient with percutaneous nephroscope technology and laser technology under the guidance of ultrasound localization. The bullet and ammunition granulation and scar surrounding tissue were fully removed. Intraoperative bleeding was little, while the incision was small. The patient could leave the bed and walk on the 1st postoperative day. The drainage tube was removed on the 3rd postoperative day, after which the patient was discharged on the 4th postoperative day.

Outcomes:
The patient recovered well after surgery and was followed up for 5 years. The latest examination of his liver and kidney function was as follows: alanine aminotransferase 61IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase 33 IU/L, albumin/globulin 46.6/26.0, total bilirubin 19.1μmol/L, direct bilirubin 4.9μmol/L, indirect bilirubin 14.2μmol/L, alkaline phosphatase 111 IU/L, creatinine 57μmol/L, urea 5.16mmol/L, cystatin 0.73mg/L. The plain computed tomography scan showed a few calcifications in the liver and a patchy low-density shadow in the right kidney. It was proved that the liver and kidney function of the patient recovered well, and his living qualify has come back to the track, with no postoperative complications.

Lessons:
Innovative integration of percutaneous nephroscopy technology and laser was used to remove kidney foreign bodies and developed the optimal surgical plan, small trauma, fast recovery, and the treatment of kidney foreign bodies was newly explored.
Topical tranexamic acid in intramedullary nailing for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jiakai , Fan Xiaoyuan , Zheng Yi , Wu Junlong , Yuan Xinhua 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Numerous studies have demonstrated that the use of tranexamic acid (TXA) intravenously minimizes bleeding, lowers transfusion rates, and does not raise the risk of complications during major orthopedic surgery. Concerning the effectiveness of the topical application, there are, nevertheless, inconsistent findings. We aimed to develop a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis on the benefits and safety of topical TXA in intramedullary nailing for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library will all be searched for randomized controlled trials published from the database inception to October 15, 2022. The primary outcomes will be intraoperative blood loss, hidden blood loss, total blood loss, transfusion rate, transfusion units, operative time, thromboembolic events, and mortality. The risk of bias will be evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Review Manager 5.3 will be used for the analysis.

Results:
The effects and safety of topical TXA in intramedullary nailing for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly will be quantified in this study.

Conclusions:
The study’s findings will assist doctors in determining if topical TXA use is secure and efficient.
Nomograms for predicting overall survival and cancer-specific survival in patients with head and neck non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A population-based study
Authors: Peng Jing , Chen Jianming , Liu Yucheng , Lyu Jun , Zhang Bin 
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to develop comprehensive nomograms for patients with head and neck non-Hodgkin lymphoma (H&NNHL) to determine their overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). In this study, 602 H&NNHL patients were analyzed from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The R software was used to randomly divide the patients into the training cohort (n = 421) and the validation cohort (n = 181) in a 7-to-3 ratio. To develop nomograms for projecting OS and CSS, multivariable Cox regression was used to acquire independent predictive factors. We have constructed nomograms to predict the 3-, 5-, and 8-year OS and CSS probabilities of H&NNHL patients. The consistency index of the nomograms for OS (CSS) was 0.74 (0.778) and 0.734 (0.775), in the training and validation cohort respectively, and was higher than that of the Ann Arbor staging system. Calibration plotting showed that our models have good calibration ability. Moreover, assessments of the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristics curve, net reclassification improvement, integrated discrimination improvement and decision curve analysis demonstrated that our nomograms performed better and were more clinically useful than the Ann Arbor staging system. This is the first research to establish comprehensive nomograms for predicting OS and CSS in patients with H&NNHL at 3-, 5-, and 8-year. The validation of the models demonstrated good performance. It can provide clinicians with reference information for determining customized clinical treatment options and providing personalized prognoses.
Indexes such as the concordance index, the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristics curve, calibration curves, the net reclassification improvement, the integrated discrimination improvement, and decision-curve analysis were used to compare new survival models to the classical Ann Arbor staging system.
Identification of THSD7B and PRMT9 mutations as risk factors for familial lung adenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Zhang Qianqian , Zhao Yanwei , Song Zhaona , Zhang Qiang , Tian Conghui , Li Rongrong , Zheng Juan , Yan Lili , Gu Mingliang , Jia Xiaodong , Li Mingjun 
Published: February 2023

Rationale:
Lung tumors arise from the unrestrained malignant growth of pulmonary epithelial cells. Lung cancer cases include both small and non-small cell lung cancers, with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounting for roughly half of all non-small cell lung cancer cases. Research focused on familial cancers suggests that approximately 8% of lung cancer cases are linked to genetic susceptibility or heritability. The precise genetic factors that underlie the onset of lung cancer, however, remain to be firmly established.

Patient concerns:
A 43-year-old presented with nodules in the lower left lung lobe. Following initial antibiotic treatment in a local hospital, these nodules remained present and the patient subsequently underwent the resection of the left lower lobe of the lung. The patient also had 4 family members with a history of LUAD.

Diagnosis:
Immunohistochemical staining results including cytokeratin 7 (+), TTF-1 (+), new aspartic proteinase A (+), CK5/6 (−), P63 (−), and Ki-67 (5%+) were consistent with a diagnosis of LUAD.

Intervention:
Whole exome sequencing analyses of 5 patients and 6 healthy family members were performed to explore potential mutations associated with familial LUAD.

Outcomes:
Whole exome sequencing was conducted, confirming that the proband and their 4 other family members with LUAD harbored heterozygous THSD7B (c.A4000G:p.S1334G) mutations and homozygous PRMT9 (c.G40T:p.G14C) mutations, as further confirmed via Sanger sequencing. These mutations were predicted to be deleterious using the SIFT, PolyPhen2, and MutationTaster algorithms. Protein structure analyses indicated that the mutation of the serine at amino acid position 1334 in THSD7B to a glycine would reduce the minimum free energy from 8.08 kcal/mol to 68.57 kcal/mol. The identified mutation in the PRMT9 mutation was not present in the predicted protein structure. I-Mutant2.0 predictions indicated that both of these mutations (THSD7B:p.S1334G and PRMT9: p.G14C) were predicted to reduce protein stability.

Lessons:
Heterozygous THSD7B (c.A4000G:p.S1334G) and the homozygous PRMT9 (c.G40T:p.G14C) mutations were found to be linked to LUAD incidence in the analyzed family. Early analyses of these genetic loci and timely genetic counseling may provide benefits and aid in the early diagnosis of familial LUAD.
Efficacy and safety of pregabalin in eye pain: A systematic review
Authors: Shen Xiaohua , Chen Xingying , He Yanyan , Xu Hui , Zhu Jia 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The pregabalin is approved for the management of persistent pain. The aim of this study is to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the use of pregabalin in eye pain management.

Methods:
The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched until January 2022 for randomized controlled trials. Randomized, double-blinded trials comparing pregabalin with placebo in eye pain management were included. The primary outcome was visual analog scale or numerical rating scale at acute (24 hours) and chronic (≥7 days after surgery) timepoints. The secondary outcomes were analgesic medication requirements and pregabalin-related complications (nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and headache). We also compared the effect of pregabalin on dry-eye syndrome.

Main results:
Six relevant articles were identified that studied the use of pregabalin as pain relief for photorefractive keratectomy (n = 2), laser epithelial keratomileusis (n = 1), laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (n = 1), eyelid surgery (n = 1), and dacryocystorhinostomy (n = 1). Pregabalin was associated with a significant reduction in pain scores (95% confidence interval = −0.41 [−0.76–−0.06]) 24 hours after surgical procedures. The data were insufficient to draw conclusions regarding dry eye symptoms. Because of the high heterogeneity of outcomes regarding adverse effects, there is no conclusion regarding the safety of pregabalin in eye pain.

Conclusions:
Pregabalin reduced acute eye pain but had no significant effect on long-term analgesia after ophthalmological surgery in adults. It had no effect on dry-eye symptoms after ocular surgery. Further studies on the safety of pregabalin in eye pain management are required to draw solid conclusions.
Liraglutide on type 2 diabetes mellitus with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 RCTs
Authors: Zhao Yan , Zhao Wenli , Bu Huaien , Toshiyoshi Maeda , Zhao Ye 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common comorbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our aim is to investigate the effects of liraglutide on T2DM with NAFLD.

Methods:
Relevant articles published from the earliest publication to March 2022 were selected from several databases. The Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan software was used for the analysis.

Results:
Sixteen studies are selected for this meta-analysis, which includes totally 634 patients in the treatment group and 630 patients in the control group. As a result, 14 studies show that fasting plasma glucose levels of the experimental group are lower than that of the control group; 15 studies show that glycosylated hemoglobin A1c levels of the experimental group are lower than that of the control group; 13 studies show that triglyceride levels of the experimental group are lower than that of the control group; twelve studies show that total cholesterol levels of the experimental group are lower than that of the control group; 10 studies show that alanine aminotransferase levels of the experimental group is lower than that of the control group; 10 studies show that no significant difference in changes in aspartate transaminase between 2 groups; 13 studies show that low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of the experimental group is lower than that of the control group; 9 studies show that no significant difference in changes in high density lipoprotein cholesterol between 2 groups; 7 studies mentioned adverse effects and the difference is significant.

Conclusion:
Liraglutide is potentially curative for T2DM with NAFLD.
Top 100 most-cited articles on renal cell carcinoma: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhou Huiyu , Cui Fan , Lv Dingyang , Gong Qian , Wen Jie , Shuang Weibing 
Published: February 2023

Background:
To analyze the top 100 most-cited articles on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using bibliometric methods based on the Web of Science core collection database and to explore the research status, hotspots, and emerging trends in RCC.

Methods:
The literature on RCC was searched in the Web of Science core collection database using a specific search strategy, and the types of literature were limited to articles and reviews, with no restrictions to language and publication date. The top 100 articles with the highest number of citations were extracted after the manual screening. The publication year, the number of citations, authors, country, institution, journal, and keywords of these articles were collected and analyzed. Descriptive statistics and visual analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, R, and SPSS.

Results:
The number of citations of the top 100 articles varied from 541 to 4530, with a median citation count of 807.5, and the citation rates ranged from 13.8 to 448.4 citations per year. Motzer RJ (n = 22), Escudier B (n = 13), Rini BI (n = 13), and Hutson TE (n = 11) were major contributors to this research area, with Motzer RJ publishing 16 articles as the first author. The US (n = 73), France (n = 5), Canada (n = 4), and Sweden (n = 4) were the leading countries for RCC studies. MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER (n = 22) was the institution with the highest number of publications. These 100 articles were derived from 24 journals, and the New England Journal of Medicine had the largest number of articles published (n = 18, impact factor = 91.245). The keyword co-occurrence network analysis showed that research hotspots in this field included molecular mechanisms of RCC development and progression, surgical treatment, targeted drug-related clinical trials, and immunotherapy.

Conclusion:
We analyzed the top 100 articles with the highest number of citations in the field of RCC and identified the influential authors, countries, institutions, and journals in this field. This study also presented the current research status, hotspots, and future trends in RCC.
CtDNA’s prognostic value in patients with early-stage colorectal cancer after surgery: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Fan Xiaoyuan , Zhang Jiakai , Lu Dewen 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) positivity has been shown to suggest the presence of minimally residual tumor cells in numerous investigations. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of ctDNA positivity for recurrence-free survival in patients with early-stage colorectal cancer after radical surgery and following adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods:
We systematically reviewed studies published in English until August 15, 2022, concerning ctDNA and tumor-node-metastasis I to III colorectal cancer after surgery, and quantified the correlation between ctDNA positivity and early-stage (tumor-node-metastasis stage I–III) colorectal cancer using meta-analysis methods.

Results:
In total, the meta-analysis comprised 1713 patients from 6 studies. Patients with ctDNA-positive colorectal cancer after surgery had a significantly higher risk of recurrence than patients with ctDNA-negative colorectal cancer (hazard ratio 4.64, 95% confidence interval 2.17–9.92, z = 3.96; P < .001). After adjuvant chemotherapy, patients who were ctDNA-positive had a significantly higher risk of recurrence than those who were ctDNA-negative (hazard ratio 7.27, 95% confidence interval 4.50–11.75, z = 8.1; P < .001).

Conclusions:
CtDNA positivity may potentially be a predictor for early-stage colorectal tumor recurrence following surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.