bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of online jigsaw puzzling for mental well‐being in older adults: A pilot study
Authors: Brandt Karen R. , Rota Milena , Cooper Mick 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the present research was to test the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial comparing five consecutive days of regular online jigsaw puzzling (JP) against a no‐treatment control group in improving mental well‐being outcomes in older adults.MethodsEighteen older adults (65–80 years) were randomly assigned to either the JP (9) or control (9) group and completed a range of mental health and well‐being measures for five consecutive days. We assessed recruitment rates, completion rates and participants' experiences of the intervention.ResultsRecruitment issues meant that 18 of the 32 intended participants took part in the trial. All participants completed the trial. Qualitative analysis indicated that participants experienced the JP intervention as accepted, with indications of enhanced enjoyment and self‐esteem at study completion.ConclusionThe present pilot study indicates that testing the efficacy of JP is feasible. A full‐scale clinical trial of this intervention should be considered, which can determine the efficacy of the JP intervention.
Thiamine deficiency unrelated to alcohol consumption presented with urinary retention and Wernicke's encephalopathy: A case report
Authors: Uchi Takafumi , Konno Shingo , Kihara Hideo , Sugimoto Hideki 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageThiamine deficiency can present with rare neurological symptoms such as urinary retention, along with common symptoms like ataxia and decreased limb muscle strength. Early recognition and treatment are crucial to improve symptoms and prevent complications.
Two novel gene mutations identified in a child with pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis complicated with bronchitis obliterans: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Meiyu , Gao Man , Liu Yuhuan , Wang Kun , Zhou Siyan , Jing Haoran , Yin Guo , Meng Fanzheng 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe reported a case of a 7‐year‐old boy with pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) and detected two novel compound heterozygous mutations of solute carrier family 34 member 2 (SLC34A2), EXON:2–6 duplication and c.1218 (EXON:11) C > A (p. Phe406Leu). His symptoms were nonspecific. Chest computed tomography (CCT) showed bronchiectasis, a mosaic feature, and extensive calcifications in both lungs. In addition, bronchoscopy showed bronchitis obliterans which has rarely been reported as a complication in the literature. This case aimed to explore the mechanism of PAM and emphasize the role of gene analysis in diagnosing rare pediatric diseases. Finally, we undertook a review of the current literature containing SLC34A2 gene mutations to update the gene mutation spectrum of PAM.
Phosphorus‐Doped Porous Carbon Coated Graphite Felt as An Efficient and Reusable Cathode for Electro‐Fenton Degradation of Parabens
Authors: Shen Jia , Zhu Yating , Zhou Fengmei , Wang Luyu , Guo Manli , Cao Yujuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are currently drawing significant attention due to their environmental impact. Electro‐Fenton, one of the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), is an efficient and comprehensive technology to degrade all kinds of organic pollutants, but the degradation efficiency relies on cathode material. In this work, phosphorus‐doped porous carbon material coated graphite felt (P‐GF) was prepared by adopting phytic acid as a phosphorus source through high temperature solid‐state method. The microstructure and the elements composition of this fabricated material were investigated by SEM, BET and XPS. With phosphorus doping and plenty of carbon porous structures, the hydrophilicity and infiltrating property of the P‐GF had been greatly improved. The prepared P‐GF material enhanced the electrochemical reduction of O2 and could significantly enhance the yield of H2O2. It was used as a cathode to degrade pollutants under a constant potential, and methylparaben (MePa) was chosen as a research model for optimizing the experimental conditions and analyzing the possible degradation pathway. The P‐GF cathode achieved an excellent ability of degrading nearly 100 % of methylparaben within 3 h. The simultaneous removal ability of the P‐GF to four parabens was impressed. Additionally, the P‐GF material exhibited outstanding reusability.
A 3D Covalent Organic Framework with In‐situ Formed Pd Nanoparticles for Efficient Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Feng Jing‐Dong , Zhang Wen‐Da , Liu Yong , Han Wang‐Kang , Zhu Ruo‐Meng , Gu Zhi‐Guo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNon‐platinum noble metals are highly desirable for the development of highly active, stable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts for fuel cells and metal‐air batteries. However, how to improve the utilization of non‐platinum noble metals is an urgent issue. Herein, a highly efficient catalyst for ORR was prepared through homogeneous loading of Pd precursors by a domain‐limited method in a three‐dimensional covalent organic framework (COF) followed by pyrolysis. The morphology of the Pd nanoparticles (Pd NPs) was well maintained after carbonization, which was attributed to the rigid structure of the 3D COF. Thanks to the uniform distribution of Pd NPs in the carbon, the catalyst exhibited a remarkable half‐wave potential of 0.906 V and a Tafel slope of 70 mV dec−1 in 0.1 M KOH, surpassing the commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.863 V and 75 mV dec−1). Furthermore, a maximum power density of 144.0 mW cm−2 was achieved at 252 mA cm−2, which was significantly higher than the control battery (105.1 mW cm−2). This work not only provides a simple strategy for in‐situ preparation of highly dispersible metal catalysts in COFs, but also offers new insights into the ORR electrocatalysis.
Lysyl Oxidases as Targets for Cancer Therapy and Diagnostic Imaging
Authors: Löser Reik , Kuchar Manuela , Wodtke Robert , Neuber Christin , Belter Birgit , Kopka Klaus , Santhanam Lakshmi , Pietzsch Jens 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe understanding of the contribution of the tumour microenvironment to cancer progression and metastasis, in particular the interplay between tumour cells, fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix has grown tremendously over the last years. Lysyl oxidases are increasingly recognised as key players in this context, in addition to their function as drivers of fibrotic diseases. These insights have considerably stimulated drug discovery efforts towards lysyl oxidases as targets over the last decade. This review article summarises the biochemical and structural properties of theses enzymes. Their involvement in tumour progression and metastasis is highlighted from a biochemical point of view, taking into consideration both the extracellular and intracellular action of lysyl oxidases. More recently reported inhibitor compounds are discussed with an emphasis on their discovery, structure‐activity relationships and the results of their biological characterisation. Molecular probes developed for imaging of lysyl oxidase activity are reviewed from the perspective of their detection principles, performance and biomedical applications.
Selective wakeup for parallel forward engines under variable load towards energy conservation in IP routers
Authors: Shahul Hamead Haja Moinudeen , Mirnalinee Thanga Nadar Thangathai , Kavipriya Dhandapani 
Published: August 2023

SummaryRecent studies have shown that a large amount of energy consumption in the communication medium occurs at the data processing plane. The data plane executes the forwarding decisions in the routers and switches. Through initial studies, the line card was identified as the most granular component of the router and later forward engine, a sub component of line card has been recognized as the most power intensive component of routers. Fundamental techniques like link rate adaption, sleep and wake‐up have been imposed to reduce the energy at line cards and forward engines. On the other hand, router's architectures undergo drastic changes like empowering data plane with parallel processing due to the rise of gigabit routers. In this paper, to increase the degree of local autonomy and better energy savings, we have adopted the parallel processing design and imposed a variable amount of traffic on different line cards. The existing parallel forward engines perform load balancing in synchronous manner. In our design, asynchronous behavior is imposed such that every line card could independently decide to wake up or turn off their forward engine based on the traffic parameters. We have done simulations and witnessed increased energy savings (average sleeping time) without compromising the completion of lookup process.
A two‐stage parallel method on GPU based on hybrid‐compression‐format for diagonal matrix
Authors: Cui Huanyu , Wang Nianbin , Han Qilong , Wang Ye , Li Jiahang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSpMV (Sparse matrix‐vector multiplication) is an important computing core in traditional high‐performance computing and also one of the emerging data‐intensive applications. For diagonal sparse matrices, it is frequently necessary to fill in a large number of zeros to maintain the diagonal structure as for using DIA (Diagonal) storage format. The fact that filling with zeros may consume additional computing and memory resources, will certainly lead to degradation of the parallel computing performance of SpMV, further causing computing and storage redundancy. To solve the deficiencies of the DIA format, a Two‐stage parallel SpMV method is presented in this paper, which can reasonably distribute the data of diagonal matrix and irregular matrix to different CUDA kernels. As different corresponding compression methods are particularly designed for different matrix forms, a partition‐based hybrid format of DIA and CSR (HPDC) is therefore adopted in the two‐stage method to ensure load balancing among computing resources and continuity of data access on the diagonal. Simultaneously, a standard deviation among blocks is used as a criterion to obtain the optimal number of blocks and distribution of data. The experimental data were implemented in the Florida data set. Compared to DIA, cuSPARSE‐CSR, HDC, and BRCSD, the execution time of the Two‐stage method is shortened by 4, 3.4, 1.9, and 1.15, respectively.
Personality disorder traits, maladaptive schemas, modes and coping styles in participants with complex dissociative disorders, borderline personality disorder and avoidant personality disorder
Authors: van der Linde Robin P. A. , Huntjens Rafaële J. C. , Bachrach Nathan , Rijkeboer Marleen M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe schema mode model offers a new conceptualisation of complex dissociative disorders (CDD) as it explains shifts between identities as shifts between schema modes. Furthermore, in this model CDD is conceived as personality pathology, incorporating core features of personality disorders. This study tested the assumptions of this schema mode model of CDD.MethodQuestionnaires measuring personality disorder traits, schemas, schema modes and coping styles were filled out by patients with CDD, borderline personality disorder and avoidant personality disorder (N = 210), and their scores on the various constructs were compared.ResultsParticipants with CDD were characterised by specific schizoid, schizotypal, borderline and avoidant personality traits and early maladaptive schemas in the domains of disconnection and rejection and over‐vigilance and inhibition. The most pronounced schema modes were the dysfunctional parent modes, avoidant coping modes and the vulnerable child mode. For coping styles, no differences were found between the diagnostic groups.Conclusion and discussionOn all outcome measures participants with CDD scored at the level of personality disorders and showed a unique pattern different from participants with borderline and avoidant personality disorder. This suggests that CDD shows features akin to a personality disorder. A clinical implication is that an adapted form of schema therapy might present a viable treatment option for CDD.
Implementing a constructive struggle approach: Insights from a training program for security forces prior to executing a government evacuation policy in the context of a protracted conflict
Authors: Gilad Ziv , Raz‐Rotem Michal , Harpaz Amikam , Omer Haim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article describes the contribution and insights of adopting practices that support a strategy of non‐violent resistance, and a constructive conflict approach (constructive struggle) that endeavors to minimize physical and psychological harm, and prevent escalation that leads to destructive conflict. It describes the exposure of security forces to such practices in the context of the protracted Israeli‐Palestinian conflict. The article demonstrates how interactions attended by high tensions and resistance can be conducted constructively, in contrast with similar situations in the past, when use of force and authority was considered legitimate, even though it frequently resulted in worsened relations between the sides to the conflict. Specifically, the article focuses on the case of a training program that was created for the evacuating forces prior to implementation of the Disengagement Plan. It also describes insights on the complex interactions between the sides (security forces versus settlers), with emphasis on the tools that helped them successfully execute their task, and prevent escalation of the conflict.
Leveraging AI‐enabled 6G‐driven IoT for sustainable smart cities
Authors: Gera Bhavya , Raghuvanshi Yuvraj Singh , Rawlley Oshin , Gupta Shashank , Dua Amit , Sharma Parjanay 
Published: August 2023

SummaryMany scholastic researches have begun around the globe about the competitive technological interventions like 5G communication networks and its challenges. The incipient technology of 6G networks has emerged to facilitate ultrareliable and low‐latency applications for sustainable smart cities which are infeasible with the existing 4G/5G standards. Therefore, the advanced technologies like machine learning (ML), block chain, and Internet of Things (IoT) utilizing 6G network are leveraged to develop cost‐efficient mechanisms to address the issues of excess communication overhead in the present state of the art. Initially, the authors discussed the key vision of 6G communication technologies, its core technologies (such as visible light communication [VLC] and THz), and the existing issues with the existing network generations (such as 5G and 4G). A detailed analysis of benefits, challenges, and applications of blockchain‐enabled IoT devices with application verticals like Smart city, smart factory plus, automation, and XR that form the key highlights for 6G wireless communication network is also presented. In addition, the key applications and latest research of artificial intelligence (AI) in 6G are discussed facilitating the dynamic spectrum allocation mechanism and mobile edge computing. Lastly, an in‐depth study of the existing open issues and challenges in green 6G communication network technology, as well as review of solutions and potential research recommendations are also presented.
Recent developments in targets for ischemic foot disease
Authors: Golledge Jonathan , Thanigaimani Shivshankar , Barratt Kristen S. , Fadini Gian Paolo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDiabetes is a key risk factor for ischaemic foot disease, which causes pain, tissue loss, hospital admission, and major amputation. Currently, treatment focuses on revascularisation, but many patients are unsuitable for surgery and revascularisation is frequently unsuccessful. The authors describe recent research in animal models and clinical trials investigating novel medical targets for ischaemia, including theories about impaired wound healing, animal models for limb ischaemia and recent randomised controlled trials testing novel medical therapies. Novel targets identified in animal models included stimulating mobilisation of CD34+ progenitor cells through upregulating oncostatin M or microRNA‐181, downregulating tumour necrosis factor superfamily member 14, or activating the Wingless pathway. Within the ischaemic limb vasculature, upregulation of apolipoprotein L domain containing 1, microRNA‐130b or long noncoding RNA that enhances endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression promoted limb blood supply recovery, angiogenesis, and arteriogenesis. Similarly, administration of soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators riociguat or praliciguat or 3‐ketoacyl‐CoA thiolase inhibitor trimetazidine promoted blood flow recovery. Translating pre‐clinical findings to patients has been challenging, mainly due to limitations in clinically translatable animal models of human disease. Promising results have been reported for administering plasmids encoding hepatocyte growth factor or intra‐arterial injection of bone marrow derived cells in small clinical trials. It remains to be seen whether these high resource therapies can be developed to be widely applicable. In conclusion, an ever‐expanding list of potential targets for medical revascularisation is being identified. It is hoped that through ongoing research and further larger clinical trials, these will translate into new broadly applicable therapies to improve outcomes.
Report of the ILAE SUDEP Task Force on national recommendations and practices around the world regarding the use of wearable seizure detection devices: A global survey
Authors: Zelano Johan , Beniczky Sandor , Ryvlin Philippe , Surges Rainer , Tomson Torbjörn ,   the ILAE SUDEP Task Force
Published: August 2023

AbstractWearable seizure detection devices have the potential to address unmet needs of people with epilepsy. A recently published evidence‐based international guideline recommends using such devices for safety indications in patients with tonic–clonic seizures (TCS). Our objective was to map existing guidelines and clinical practices at national level. We conducted a survey of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) chapters regarding national recommendations and practical circumstances for prescribing seizure detection devices, and another survey of physicians in the ILAE constituency anywhere in the world, concerning their views and practices regarding recommendations for and prescription of such devices. Fifty‐eight ILAE chapters (response rate 48%) and 157 physicians completed the surveys. More than two‐thirds of responding countries do not have standards on wearables for seizure detection, although they indicated availability of such devices. The most often recognized indications were safety and objective seizure quantification. In nearly half of countries, devices are purchased by patients or caregivers, and either lack a uniform reimbursement scheme (41%) or patients pay the full cost for the device (48%). Tonic–clonic seizure frequency, nocturnal seizures, and previous injuries were the main factors that influenced the surveyed physicians to recommend wearable seizure detection devices. Our results document the need to implement international clinical practice guidelines at national level and to consider these when deciding upon reimbursement of seizure detection devices.
Social context‐aware macroscopic routing scheme for opportunistic network
Authors: B R Sreenivasa , Lahza Husam , G Nandini , Shawly Tawfeeq , Alsheikhy Ahmed A. , K R Naveen Kumar , M Hassan Fareed Lahza 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOpportunistic networks (OppNets) have attracted widespread attention as wireless technologies have advanced. OppNets are widely used in delay‐tolerant applications because they route messages using a store‐carry‐forward mechanism. Recently, socially aware routing has been increasingly modeled for message dissemination in OppNets, where the message is routed selectively through cooperative nodes based on user interests; however, routing becomes extremely difficult as node density and data size increase. However, the current method fails to reduce data redundancy, message overhead, delay, and improve performance efficiency. To address the issues, this article proposes social context‐aware microscopic routing (SCAMR) for OppNets. SCAMR uses cluster‐based communication, novel social‐context association mapping, and an improved lost packet retrieval mechanism with minimal messaging overhead. In this work, the experiment was performed by considering three scenarios: varying node size, varying buffer size, and varying time‐to‐live size. The experimental results show that the SCAMR scheme improves delivery ratio by 71.25%, 67.87%, 69.18%, reduces delay by 33.93%, 26.68%, 35.36%, reduces the number of hop nodes (i.e., messaging overhead) by 77.84%, 71.53%, 76.04% over existing approaches namely, SCARF (SoCial‐Aware Reliable Forwarding Technique for Vehicular Communications), SRS (secure routing strategy), and EDT (effective data transmission) considering different scenarios, respectively.
Dioscoreae Rhizoma starch improves chronic diarrhea by regulating the gut microbiotas and fecal metabolome in rats
Authors: Zhang Qing , Zhang Xu , Wang Qing , Chen Suiqing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChinese yam (Dioscorea opposite Thunb.) has been used as food and medicine to treat diarrhea for thousands of years. This article aimed to elucidate the potential mechanism of Dioscoreae Rhizoma starch in alleviating chronic diarrhea induced by rhubarb based on gut microbiotas and fecal metabolome. The administration of the Dioscoreae Rhizoma aqueous extracts, crude polysaccharides, and starch could improve diarrhea and alleviate intestinal injury in chronic diarrhea rats. The Dioscoreae Rhizoma starch displayed the most apparent effect on regulating intestinal microbiotas by increasing the abundance and diversity of microbiotas. At the genus level, there were 17 changed intestinal microbiotas in model rats, and the treatment with Dioscoreae Rhizoma starch regulated 11 microbiotas. Metabolomics analysis revealed that Dioscoreae Rhizoma starch could regulate abnormal fecal metabolites to alleviate diarrhea, and these metabolites are involved in phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; tyrosine metabolism; vitamin B6 metabolism; and purine metabolism. This study will contribute to the further research and development of Dioscoreae Rhizoma starch.
Characterization of thin metal‐supported solid oxide fuel cells fabricated through atmospheric Plasma spraying
Authors: Tsai Chun‐Huang , Yang Chang Shiang , Chang Chunliang , Fu Cheng‐Yun , Han Min‐Fang , Wu Szu‐Han 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, thin molybdenum‐containing, nickel‐based metal‐supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS‐SOFCs) were fabricated through atmospheric plasma spraying and then characterized. We investigated the change in cell performance associated with the reduction of the Ni–Mo support layer thickness from 200 to 80 µm and reduction of the substrate sintering temperature from 1200 to 1000°C. At a cell voltage of 0.6 V, the measured maximum power density values of a 50 × 50 mm2 MS‐SOFC were 313, 581, 890, and 1098 mW cm−2 at 600, 650, 700, and 750°C, respectively. A 100 × 100 mm2 (commercial‐size) MS‐SOFC and an assembled single‐cell MS‐SOFC stack exhibited electric output power values of approximately 33 and 39 W at 700 and 750°C, respectively, and an effective electrode area of 81 cm2. In a long‐term stability test, the commercial‐size cell and single‐cell stack exhibited a degradation rate of approximately 1% after 1000 h of operation at a current density of 250–300 mA cm−2 and temperature of 700°C. Moreover, a five‐cell MS‐SOFC stack demonstrated a stack power of 180.85 W at 3.792 V (446.5 mW cm−2 at 0.758 V) and 750°C.