bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empathy and parenthood: The moderating role of maternal trait empathy on parental burnout
Authors: Kadosh‐Laor Tamar , Israeli‐Ran Liat , Shalev Ido , Uzefovsky Florina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe ability to empathize with others enables us to effectively interact with each other and may have specifically evolved to support parental roles and caregiving. The relationship between parenting and trait empathy is little understood as previous research focused on empathy exclusively in the context of parenting, for example parental sensitivity. Here we aimed to understand how trait empathy may moderate the association between child's negative emotionality and parental burnout. Two cohorts were examined (1) parents of infants (10–18 months old; N = 203) and (2) parents of children (3–10 years old, N = 201). Parents filled out a battery of online questionnaires assessing maternal empathy, parental burnout and child temperament. We found that the relationship between higher levels of negative emotionality and parental burnout is moderated by specific aspects of maternal emotional empathy. Our findings suggest that maternal emotional empathy acts as a buffer against parental burnout when faced with a child's characteristics that incur higher parental demands.
Mealtimes in the context of poverty: Comparison of ECEC services providing food and those requiring food provided from home
Authors: Searle Bonnie , Staton Sally , Littlewood Robyn , Thorpe Karen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn developed economies, most children attend Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) services before school entry, many from early life and across long days. For this reason, ECEC services present significant potential to provide food environments that positively influence eating behaviours and food preferences with attendant effect on life course trajectories of health and wellbeing. Yet there is evidence that feeding practices that limit optimal ongoing nutrition, such as pressure and restriction, are amplified in ECEC services serving disadvantaged communities. We sought to identify underlying explanatory mechanisms through observation of children's feeding experiences and educator explanations comparing, family‐provided and service‐provided meals.MethodThis study used qualitative analyses of educator interviews and observation records from 55 mealtimes in 10 ECEC services: 5 providing food and 5 requiring family food provision.ResultsHigh levels of concern drove educator's controlling feeding practices at mealtimes but presented differently across meal provision modes. In centres that provided food, educators' concern focused on food variety, manifesting in pressure to ‘try’ foods. In centres requiring family‐provided food, concern focused on nutrition quantity and quality and manifested as control of order of food consumption and pacing of intake to ensure food lasted across the day. Interview data suggested that conflict aversion limited optimal nutrition. In centres providing food, this was seen in menus that prioritized child food preferences. In centres requiring family meal provision, conflict aversion was seen as reticence to discuss lunchbox contents with families.ConclusionThe findings direct attention to public health intervention. Currently, ECEC face significant barriers to realizing their potential to support child nutrition and establish positive life course trajectories of nutrition. To do so requires targeted supports that enable sufficient supply and quality of food in the context of poverty.
Two new cases with novel pathogenic variants reflecting the clinical diversity of Schaaf‐Yang syndrome
Authors: Alavanda Ceren , Arslan Ateş Esra , Yavaş Abalı Zehra , Geçkinli Bilgen Bilge , Turan Serap , Arman Ahmet 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSchaaf‐Yang syndrome (SHFYNG) is a rare pleiotropic disorder, characterized by hypotonia, joint contractures, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and developmental delay/intellectual disability. Although it shares some common features with Prader‐Willi Syndrome, joint contractures, and ASD were more commonly detected in in this syndrome. Recently, it was shown that truncating variants in the paternal allele of the MAGEL2 gene cause SHFYNG. Here, we present two patients diagnosed with SHFYNG syndrome having two different novel truncating variants in the MAGEL2 gene, one paternally inherited and one de novo. One patient had obesity, brachydactyly and dysmorphic features, and the other patient presented with contractures, severe hypotonia and early death. This is the first report of Turkish SHFYNG syndrome cases presented to emphasize the phenotypic diversity of the syndrome.
Nine decades of electrocorticography: A comparison between epidural and subdural recordings
Authors: Branco Mariana P. , Geukes Simon H. , Aarnoutse Erik J. , Ramsey Nick F. , Vansteensel Mariska J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn recent years, electrocorticography (ECoG) has arisen as a neural signal recording tool in the development of clinically viable neural interfaces. ECoG electrodes are generally placed below the dura mater (subdural) but can also be placed on top of the dura (epidural). In deciding which of these modalities best suits long‐term implants, complications and signal quality are important considerations. Conceptually, epidural placement may present a lower risk of complications as the dura is left intact but also a lower signal quality due to the dura acting as a signal attenuator. The extent to which complications and signal quality are affected by the dura, however, has been a matter of debate. To improve our understanding of the effects of the dura on complications and signal quality, we conducted a literature review. We inventorized the effect of the dura on signal quality, decodability and longevity of acute and chronic ECoG recordings in humans and non‐human primates. Also, we compared the incidence and nature of serious complications in studies that employed epidural and subdural ECoG. Overall, we found that, even though epidural recordings exhibit attenuated signal amplitude over subdural recordings, particularly for high‐density grids, the decodability of epidural recorded signals does not seem to be markedly affected. Additionally, we found that the nature of serious complications was comparable between epidural and subdural recordings. These results indicate that both epidural and subdural ECoG may be suited for long‐term neural signal recordings, at least for current generations of clinical and high‐density ECoG grids.
A review of cellular and molecular mechanisms in endocrinopathic, sepsis‐related and supporting limb equine laminitis
Authors: Elliott Jonathan , Bailey Simon R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEquine laminitis has both fascinated and frustrated veterinary researchers and clinicians for many years. The recognition that many ponies suffering from pasture‐associated laminitis have an insulin‐dysregulated phenotype (endocrinopathic laminitis, EL) and that prolonged insulin and glucose infusions can experimentally induce laminar pathology and functional failure are seminal discoveries in this field. Researchers have studied the molecular basis for disease pathogenesis in models of EL, sepsis‐related laminitis and supporting limb laminitis and generated much data over the last 15 years. This review attempts to synthesise those data, drawing comparisons between models and naturally occurring laminitis. A hypothesis is proposed that the basal epithelial cell stress is a central event in each category of laminitis. Furthermore, in naturally occurring pasture‐associated laminitis, pathways that predominate in each type of laminitis contribute to laminar lamellar pathology to varying extents. Based on the molecular mechanisms determined in experimental models, interactions between these pathways are identified.
Revisiting a central prediction of the Gill Oxygen Limitation Theory: Gill area index and growth performance
Authors: Bigman Jennifer S. , Wegner Nicholas C. , Dulvy Nicholas K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Gill Oxygen Limitation Theory (GOLT) posits that a mismatch in oxygen supply and demand stemming from geometric constraints on gill surface area limits metabolic rate and energy available for biological processes. This theory has been suggested to explain numerous phenomena observed with warming yet is based upon a relationship among maximum size, growth, and gill surface area established over 40 years ago. However, the metric used in this relationship to characterize gill surface area, gill area index, fails to capture the known variability in the scaling of gill surface area and is biased by the sizes at which gills were measured. Here, we revisit a central prediction of the GOLT, asking four key questions that examine limitations in the original relationship. We find that gill area index does indeed explain variation in growth performance across 132 species of fish and this relationship is strikingly similar to the original relationship across 42 species. Yet, we argue that gill area index is not an adequate measure of gill surface area because (1) gill surface area has a non‐linear relationship with size and, thus, changes ontogenetically as an individual grows over time and (2) because it is based on mean estimates of both gill surface area and body mass. Indeed, we show that the value of gill area index for a given species is variable depending on how it is calculated. We therefore suggest a pathway forward for assessing whether gill surface area is an important factor in explaining variation in growth performance.
Soil carbon stocks in stable tropical landforms are dominated by geochemical controls and not by land use
Authors: Reichenbach Mario , Fiener Peter , Hoyt Alison , Trumbore Susan , Six Johan , Doetterl Sebastian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSoil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics depend on soil properties derived from the geoclimatic conditions under which soils develop and are in many cases modified by land conversion. However, SOC stabilization and the responses of SOC to land use change are not well constrained in deeply weathered tropical soils, which are dominated by less reactive minerals than those in temperate regions. Along a gradient of geochemically distinct soil parent materials, we investigated differences in SOC stocks and SOC (Δ14C) turnover time across soil profile depth between montane tropical forest and cropland situated on flat, non‐erosive plateau landforms. We show that SOC stocks and soil Δ14C patterns do not differ significantly with land use, but that differences in SOC can be explained by the physicochemical properties of soils. More specifically, labile organo‐mineral associations in combination with exchangeable base cations were identified as the dominating controls over soil C stocks and turnover. We argue that due to their long weathering history, the investigated tropical soils do not provide enough reactive minerals for the stabilization of C input in either high input (tropical forest) or low‐input (cropland) systems. Since these soils exceeded their maximum potential for the mineral related stabilization of SOC, potential positive effects of reforestation on tropical SOC storage are most likely limited to minor differences in topsoil without major impacts on subsoil C stocks. Hence, in deeply weathered soils, increasing C inputs may lead to the accumulation of a larger readily available SOC pool, but does not contribute to long‐term SOC stabilization.
Climate warming has direct and indirect effects on microbes associated with carbon cycling in northern lakes
Authors: Winder Johanna C. , Braga Lucas P. P. , Kuhn McKenzie A. , Thompson Lauren M. , Olefeldt David , Tanentzap Andrew J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNorthern lakes disproportionately influence the global carbon cycle, and may do so more in the future depending on how their microbial communities respond to climate warming. Microbial communities can change because of the direct effects of climate warming on their metabolism and the indirect effects of climate warming on groundwater connectivity from thawing of surrounding permafrost, especially at lower landscape positions. Here we used shotgun metagenomics to compare the taxonomic and functional gene composition of sediment microbes in 19 peatland lakes across a 1600‐km permafrost transect in boreal western Canada. We found microbes responded differently to the loss of regional permafrost cover than to increases in local groundwater connectivity. These results suggest that both the direct and indirect effects of climate warming, which were respectively associated with loss of permafrost and subsequent changes in groundwater connectivity interact to change microbial composition and function. Archaeal methanogens and genes involved in all major methanogenesis pathways were more abundant in warmer regions with less permafrost, but higher groundwater connectivity partly offset these effects. Bacterial community composition and methanotrophy genes did not vary with regional permafrost cover, and the latter changed similarly to methanogenesis with groundwater connectivity. Finally, we found an increase in sugar utilization genes in regions with less permafrost, which may further fuel methanogenesis. These results provide the microbial mechanism for observed increases in methane emissions associated with loss of permafrost cover in this region and suggest that future emissions will primarily be controlled by archaeal methanogens over methanotrophic bacteria as northern lakes warm. Our study more generally suggests that future predictions of aquatic carbon cycling will be improved by considering how climate warming exerts both direct effects associated with regional‐scale permafrost thaw and indirect effects associated with local hydrology.
Wnt signalling in the articular cartilage: A matter of balance
Authors: Gill Amandeep Kaur , McCormick Peter J. , Sochart David , Nalesso Giovanna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDegradation of the articular cartilage is a hallmark of osteoarthritis, a progressive and chronic musculoskeletal condition, affecting millions of people worldwide. The activation of several signalling cascades is altered during disease development: among them, the Wnt signalling plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Increasing evidence is showing that its activation needs to be maintained within a certain range to avoid the triggering of degenerative mechanisms. In this review, we summarise our current knowledge about how a balanced activation of the Wnt signalling is maintained in the articular cartilage, with a particular focus on receptor‐mediated mechanisms.
Manipulating the kinetics and site of colonic fermentation with different fibre combinations – a review
Authors: Ratanpaul Vishal , Stanley Roger , Brennan Charles , Eri Rajaraman 
Published: February 2023

SummaryThe effects of dietary fibre on gut microbiota and the colonic markers of health have been well investigated, along with the kinetics of fibre fermentation. Most of the evidence available is based on faecal analysis or static in vitro models of colonic fermentation of constant amounts of fibres incubated individually with faecal inoculum. These results offer a limited understanding of the effects of different fibres on different bacterial species, and changes that occur along the GI tract, when dietary patterns involving different mixed sources of fibre consumed in a single day are considered. The normal gut transit time is 40–60 h. With three meals in a day, fibres and undigested nutrients tend to accumulate in the colon as they traverse from the proximal to the distal colon. There is an evolving need for a paradigm shift in nutritional research to investigate the metabolomic and physiological effects of fibres in combination, as they are consumed in a normal dietary pattern of daily three meals. We propose a research framework to harness the health‐beneficial effects of fermentation metabolites of fibre by manipulating the site of colonic fermentation resulting from the interplay between fibre fermentation and transit rates in the colon. Based on this framework, a hypothesis is developed to reduce the side effect of excessive gas production from the colonic fermentation of indigestible oligosaccharides in legumes such as chickpeas and soybean.
Reconstruction and resilience after Fukushima: A critical analysis of nuclear risk and disaster
Authors: Kojima Rina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article revisits the concept of reconstruction in light of the Fukushima nuclear accident on March 11, 2011. It also offers an analysis of the reconstruction policy launched by the Japanese authorities in the context of the risk due to low‐dose radiation. What does reconstruction mean after this nuclear disaster? What kind of reconstruction is considered possible in the contaminated territories by those affected by this disaster and confronted with this long‐term health and environmental risk? To answer these questions, this article first examines the concept of reconstruction—very close to that of resilience in the Japanese context—which has sparked a controversy within the social sciences, at both national and international level. Second, based on more than 100 interviews conducted between 2013 and 2016 across the entire Nippon archipelago, this article analyzes the reconstruction policy's socio‐cultural consequences on the victims of this disaster who leave, stay or return to the contaminated territories. Finally, it proposes a new approach to the reconstruction of Fukushima, one which would support the process of resilience at the individual and collective levels.
Moisture dependent engineering properties of Musa balbisiana seeds
Authors: Kumar Yogesh , Shelke Abhishek Ratan , Kumar Vivek , Suhag Rajat , Batta Kajol , Gupta Prapti , Prabhakar Pramod K. , Meghwal Murlidhar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEngineering properties of wild banana seeds at different moisture content (8.66%, 12%, 16%, 20%, and 24% db) were investigated. Physical dimensions, seed surface area (SA), seed volume (SV), and thousand seed mass (M1000) increased linearly with increase inmoisture content. While porosity decreased linearly from 42.33% to 38.89%, bulk density (ρb) and true density (ρt) increased from 513.59 to 564.72 and 890.56–924.09 kg m−3, respectively. The angle of repose increased linearly from 29.84 to 36.48 with moisture content. The increased moisture content also caused an increase in static coefficient of friction for surfaces made of stainless steel, glass, and plywood. The thermal conductivity (λ) and volumetric specific heat (ρcp) were found to increase linearly from .17 to .20 Wm−1 K−1, and .58 to .99 MJ m−3 K−1, and thermal diffusivity (α) decreased from .31 to .19 (×10−6 m2 s−1) with a increase in moisture content.Practical applicationsThe research aimed to study the engineering properties of wild banana seeds as a function of moisture content as they are necessary to design equipment for handling, aeration, storage, and processing. Moreover, it helps in predicting flow and handling behavior during processing, including hopper flow, and conveying through feeders and other handling equipment. Furthermore, thermal properties are helpful in engineering, process design and modeling the thermal behavior of food products during storage, processing, and transportation.
Identification of phosphorylated tau protein interactors in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) reveals networks involved in protein degradation, stress response, cytoskeletal dynamics, metabolic processes, and neurotransmission
Authors: Radford Rowan A. W. , Rayner Stephanie L. , Szwaja Paulina , Morsch Marco , Cheng Flora , Zhu Tianyi , Widagdo Jocelyn , Anggono Victor , Pountney Dean L. , Chung Roger , Lee Albert 
Published: February 2023

AbstractProgressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a late‐onset neurodegenerative disease defined pathologically by the presence of insoluble phosphorylated‐Tau (p‐Tau) in neurons and glia. Identifying co‐aggregating proteins within p‐Tau inclusions may reveal important insights into processes affected by the aggregation of Tau. We used a proteomic approach, which combines antibody‐mediated biotinylation and mass spectrometry (MS) to identify proteins proximal to p‐Tau in PSP. Using this proof‐of‐concept workflow for identifying interacting proteins of interest, we characterized proteins proximal to p‐Tau in PSP cases, identifying >84% of previously identified interaction partners of Tau and known modifiers of Tau aggregation, while 19 novel proteins not previously found associated with Tau were identified. Furthermore, our data also identified confidently assigned phosphorylation sites that have been previously reported on p‐Tau. Additionally, using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) and human RNA‐seq datasets, we identified proteins previously associated with neurological disorders and pathways involved in protein degradation, stress responses, cytoskeletal dynamics, metabolism, and neurotransmission. Together, our study demonstrates the utility of biotinylation by antibody recognition (BAR) approach to answer a fundamental question to rapidly identify proteins in proximity to p‐Tau from post‐mortem tissue. The application of this workflow opens up the opportunity to identify novel protein targets to give us insight into the biological process at the onset and progression of tauopathies.image
Liver‐related mortality among people with hepatitis B and C: Evaluation of definitions based on linked healthcare administrative datasets
Authors: Shah Syed Hassan Bin Usman , Alavi Maryam , Hajarizadeh Behzad , Matthews Gail , Valerio Heather , Dore Gregory J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRoutinely collected and linked healthcare administrative datasets could be used to monitor mortality among people with hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV). This study aimed to evaluate the concordance in records of liver‐related mortality among people with an HBV or HCV notification, between data on hospitalization for end‐stage liver disease (ESLD) and death certificates. In New South Wales, Australia, HBV and HCV notifications (1993–2017) were linked to hospital admissions (2001–2018), all‐cause mortality (1993–2018) and cause‐specific mortality (1993–2016) datasets. Hospitalization for ESLD was defined as a first‐time hospital admission due to decompensated cirrhosis (DC) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Consistency of liver death definition of mortality following hospitalization for ESLD was compared with two death certificate‐based definitions of liver deaths coded among primary and secondary cause‐specific mortality data, including ESLD‐related (deaths due to DC and HCC) and all‐liver deaths (ESLD‐related and other liver‐related causes). Of 63,292 and 107,430 individuals with an HBV and HCV notification, there were 4478 (2.6%) post‐ESLD hospitalization deaths, 5572 (3.3%) death certificate liver disease deaths and 2910 (1.7%) death certificate ESLD deaths. Between 2001 and 2016, among HBV post‐ESLD hospitalization deaths (n = 891), 63% (562) had death certificate ESLD recorded, and 83% (741) had death certificate liver disease recorded. Between 2001 and 2016, among HCV post‐ESLD hospitalization deaths (n = 3587), 58% (2082) had death certificate ESLD recorded, and 87% (3135) had death certificate liver disease recorded. At least one‐third of death certificates with DC and HCC as cause of death had no mention of HBV, HCV or viral hepatitis. Our study identified limitations in estimating and tracking HBV and HCV liver disease mortality using death certificate‐based data only. The optimum data for this purpose is either ESLD hospitalisations with vital status information or a combination of these with cause‐specific death certificate data.