bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineered Band Alignment of Semiconductive Nanofluidics for Photo‐Electro‐Ion Mediated Ultrahigh Osmotic Energy Harvesting
Authors: Wen Zhixuan , Ling Haoyang , Xin Weiwen , Zhou Teng , Wang Nan , Zhang Yu , Xia Shixuan , Guo Jingyi , Tian Chungui , Kong Xiang‐Yu , Fu Honggang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAs the quest for sustainable energy intensifies, semiconductive 2D nanofluidic membranes with engineered bandgaps for harvesting solar energy and ordered nanoconfined lamellar channels for excellent ion transport regulation stand out as viable candidates for osmotic energy conversion. However, the exploitation of the inherent photoelectrical properties of these 2D nanofluidic systems for capturing light and facilitating osmotic energy conversion remains insufficient. Herein, band structure matched asymmetric 2D semiconductive nanofluidic membranes (BMA‐SNMs), consisting of crosslinked graphitic carbon nitride (C‐g‐C3N4) and molybdenum disulfide (C‐MoS2), are designed to realize the photo‐electro‐ion mediated osmotic energy conversion. A photoinduced ionic current of 2.55 µA cm−2 emerges with BMA‐SNMs between equal concentration solutions, confirming the photo‐electro‐ion transport conversion effect resulting from the type II band alignment of BMA‐SNMs with light irradiation. The BMA‐SNMs‐based osmotic energy conversion system with photo‐enhanced ion transport can achieve an ultrahigh power density of up to ≈890 W m−2, representing a 61.5% improvement compared to systems without light illumination. Furthermore, when subjected to a 500‐fold concentration gradient, such as salt lake water flowing into river water, the output power density increases to 8600 W m−2. These findings anticipate the potential of 2D photoelectric nanofluidic membranes for advanced, high‐performance energy‐harvesting devices.
3D Printing of Hydrophobic Eutectogels Toughened by Polymer‐Solvent Hydrogen Bonding and In Situ Phase Separation for Capacitive Sensors
Authors: Hsiao Chuan‐Hsun , Chen Fei‐Fan , Zhang Chen‐Zhen , Lin Kuan‐Chung , Yu Sheng‐Sheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPolymer gels are versatile materials in biomedical applications, sensors, and actuators. However, designing gels with diverse functionalities, such as high toughness, self‐healing capability, and 3D printability, is often challenging. In this work, it is found that random copolymerization of N‐isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAm) with a small amount of acrylic acid (AAc) in a hydrophobic eutectic solvent consisting of menthol and decanoic acid leads to eutectogels toughened by polymer‐solvent hydrogen bonding. Interestingly, further increasing AAc content induced phase separation of glassy AAc‐riched domain that significantly increased the stiffness of the eutectogels. The stiffness and stretchability of the poly(NIPAm‐co‐AAc) eutectogels can also be easily modulated by adjusting the AAc content and monomer concentration, leading to highly transparent gels with high toughness. Furthermore, the eutectogels demonstrate efficient dissipation, reasonable recovery, and moderate self‐healing capability. The resin is also compatible with digital light processing 3D printing to prepare dielectric layers with different geometric designs for capacitive sensors. By integrating the functions of eutectogels and 3D printing, the approach provides a new avenue for soft materials with a broad palette of mechanical properties and geometrical designs.
A Fluorescent Polyethylene With Good Processability and Mechanical Flexibility Prepared by a One‐Step Melt Mixing Strategy
Authors: Duan Junjin , Huang Yanqin , Wei Fuqing , Feng Jiachun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo meet the growing demand for flexible wearable devices in the information era, the development of cost‐effective, easy‐processable, and mechanically sound flexible luminescent materials is pivotal but remains challenging. Here, a facile one‐step melt mixing strategy is reported to prepare the reprocessable polyethylene with high stable fluorescence (f‐PE) using low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and high‐dosages of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as raw materials. Typically, after 30 min mixing 50 g LDPE with 1 g BPO in a 110‐rpm mixer, the resulting f‐PE exhibited high fluorescent brightness and remarkable fluorescent stability. In addition to good fluorescent and mechanical properties, f‐PE also demonstrated excellent processability and can be processed using conventional melt processing methods for normal PE. Based on the results, the extended through‐space n‐π*/π‐π* interactions resulting from the high‐content BPO‐induced extensive grafting of oxygen‐containing functional groups on the main chain is proposed, as well as the chain scissions and rearrangement under strong melt shearing, may be main factors to contribute f‐PE with luminescent and processable properties. Thanks to advantages such as cost‐effective raw materials, and scalable and solvent‐free production, the f‐PE and its preparation technique show great potential for flexible wearable applications, bringing new opportunities for functionalizing traditional versatile PE.
Second Order Optical Nonlinearity Originated from Ferroelectric Spherulite with Vortex Domain
Authors: Liu Yuanfeng , Zhou Le , Neyts Kristiaan , Sun Jingbo , Zhou Ji 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSo far, second harmonic generation (SHG) is usually obtained through ferroelectric materials with spontaneous polarization because of the broken spatial inversion symmetry. In recent years, ferroelectric systems with topological defects such as vortex domains have aroused great research interest. The SHG response from such ferroelectric topological structures is intriguing toward SHG applications and topological characterizations. In this work, a spherulite material with a single ferroelectric vortex domain is synthesized and studied on its ferroelectric properties and optical nonlinearity. The spherulite material is in a sphere‐cap shape, composed of polar molecules RM734, with both the average molecular orientation and the polarity arranged azimuthally, forming a single vortex domain, which is demonstrated by the ferroelectric hysteresis loop and piezoelectric force microscopy. Such a large single vortex domain can produce second‐order nonlinearity with local polarity features, which are, in turn, used to characterize the topological structure of the ferroelectric vortex domain. The topological similarity between such a single vortex domain material and the optical vortex beam may shed light on promising ways of optical vortex generation.
Analytical Modeling of Oppositely Doped Core‐Shell Junctionless Nanowire Transistor Considering Fringe Capacitance and Dual Material Gate
Authors: Bharti  , Mittal Poornima 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis paper presents a physics‐based analytical solution for junctionless nanowire field effect transistor (JL‐NWFET) incorporating an oppositely doped core‐shell (ODCS) structure, dual material gate (DMG), and a high permittivity spacer by solving Poisson's equation. The surface potential concept has been used to derive threshold voltage, drain‐induced barrier lowering, drain current, and subthreshold slope. The results demonstrate that the cumulative benefits of ODCS, DMG, and high permittivity spacer in conventional JL‐NWFET enhance the device performance and mitigate short channel effects (SCEs). Furthermore, the close agreement between the analytical and simulation results for different core thicknesses, spacer permittivities, channel lengths, and channel thicknesses highlights the robustness and reliability of the proposed modeling methodology, offering valuable guidance for device optimization and design refinement in nanoelectronics applications.
Machine Learning Techniques for Simulating Human Psychophysical Testing of Low‐Resolution Phosphene Face Images in Artificial Vision
Authors: An Na Min , Roh Hyeonhee , Kim Sein , Kim Jae Hun , Im Maesoon 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo evaluate the quality of artificial visual percepts generated by emerging methodologies, researchers often rely on labor‐intensive and tedious human psychophysical experiments. These experiments necessitate repeated iterations upon any major/minor modifications in the hardware/software configurations. Here, the capacity of standard machine learning (ML) models is investigated to accurately replicate quaternary match‐to‐sample tasks using low‐resolution facial images represented by arrays of phosphenes as input stimuli. Initially, the performance of the ML models trained to approximate innate human facial recognition abilities across a dataset comprising 3600 phosphene images of human faces is analyzed. Subsequently, due to the time constraints and the potential for subject fatigue, the psychophysical test is limited to presenting only 720 low‐resolution phosphene images to 36 human subjects. Notably, the superior model adeptly mirrors the behavioral trend of human subjects, offering precise predictions for 8 out of 9 phosphene quality levels on the overlapping test queries. Subsequently, human recognition performances for untested phosphene images are predicted, streamlining the process and minimizing the need for additional psychophysical tests. The findings underscore the transformative potential of ML in reshaping the research paradigm of visual prosthetics, facilitating the expedited advancement of prostheses.
Mucous Permeable Nanoparticle for Inducing Cuproptosis‐Like Death In Broad‐Spectrum Bacteria for Nebulized Treatment of Acute Pneumonia
Authors: Hu Huiqun , Hua Shiyuan , Lu Feng , Zhang Wenting , Zhang Zengwen , Cui Jiarong , Lei Xiaoyue , Xia Jingyan , Xu Feng , Zhou Min 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe emergence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria has exacerbated the challenge of treating infectious diseases. Quorum sensing (QS), a bacterial communication system regulating virulence and biofilm formation, presents a target for novel therapies. Cuproptosis death is a innovation mode of death, however, this effect may be partially inhibited by glutathione (GSH). Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) is responsible for GSH biosynthesis and has been identified as a potential promoter of cuproptosis death. Here, Cu2O‐BSO NPs with lung adhesion and mucus penetration ability are synthesized by incorporating BSO onto Cu2O, and modifying it with DOPA and PEG. Cu2O‐BSO NPs demonstrated a broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, making it a viable treatment option for MRSA‐induced acute pneumonia. Specifically, Cu2O‐BSO NPs can synergistically enhance bacterial cuproptosis‐like death, hinder the QS system, eradicate biofilms, reduce the virulence of strains, stimulate the chemotaxis and phagocytosis of macrophages, and ultimately improve in mice with severe pneumonia. This research demonstrated the potential of Cu2O‐BSO NPs for a wide‐ranging antibacterial alternative, providing promise for addressing microbial resistance and combatting biofilm formation. Additionally, it established a target and theoretical foundation for the clinical treatment of numerous challenging cases of acute drug‐resistant bacteria.
Fc Proteoforms of ACPA IgG Discriminate Autoimmune Responses in Plasma and Synovial Fluid of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients and Associate with Disease Activity
Authors: Blöchl Constantin , Stork Eva Maria , Scherer Hans Ulrich , Toes Rene E. M. , Wuhrer Manfred , Domínguez‐Vega Elena 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAutoantibodies and their post‐translational modifications (PTMs) are insightful markers of autoimmune diseases providing diagnostic and prognostic clues, thereby informing clinical decisions. However, current autoantibody analyses focus mostly on IgG1 glycosylation representing only a subpopulation of the actual IgG proteome. Here, by taking rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as prototypic autoimmune disease, we sought to circumvent these shortcomings and illuminate the importance of (auto)antibody proteoforms employing a novel comprehensive mass spectrometry (MS)‐based analytical workflow. Profiling of anti‐citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) IgG and total IgG in paired samples of plasma and synovial fluid revealed a clear distinction of autoantibodies from total IgG and between biofluids. This discrimination relied on comprehensive subclass‐specific PTM profiles including previously neglected features such as IgG3 CH3 domain glycosylation, allotype ratios, and non‐glycosylated IgG. Intriguingly, specific proteoforms were found to correlate with markers of inflammation and disease accentuating the need of such approaches in clinical investigations and calling for further mechanistic studies to comprehend the role of autoantibody proteoforms in defining autoimmune responses.
1000 fold Ultra‐Photosensitized Fluorescent Protein Mimics Toward Photocatalytic Proximity Labeling and Proteomic Profiling Functions
Authors: Sun Rui , Huang Yanan , Feng Huan , Zhao Nan , Wan Wang , Shen Di , Zhong Bowen , Zhang Yukui , Zhang Xin , Zhao Qun , Zhang Lihua , Liu Yu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhotosensitizing fluorescent proteins (FP) (e.g. KillerRed) have been shown not capable of photo‐catalytic protein proximity labeling for downstream proteomic profiling applications. To acquire such a function, FP chromophores are engineered in a 12 × 12 combinatorial matrix of synthetic analoges, achieving up to 1000 fold enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production compared to the natural FPs. FP chromophores are shown with larger dipole moments exhibit higher ROS yield toward protein labeling. By conjugating the ultra‐photosensitized FP chromophore to HaloTag (namely upsFP tag), its photo‐catalytic protein proximity labeling function is demonstrated using nucleophilic amino substrates. Through photochemical characterizations, theoretical calculation, and tandem mass spectrometry, a radical‐mediated labeling mechanism is revealed with expanded reactivity toward diverse protein residues via a type I photosensitization pathway. Finally, a proteomic profiling application is showcased using the upsFP tag to resolve the dynamic interactome variations upon TAR DNA‐binding protein 43 (TDP43) phase separation and suborganellar translocation. Together, this work demonstrates three orders of magnitude ultra‐photosensitization of fluorescent protein chromophore enables photocatalytic protein proximity labeling and profiling functions that are impractical for natural fluorescent proteins.
Anti‐Motion Artifacts Iontronic Sensor for Long‐Term Accurate Fingertip Pulse Monitoring
Authors: You Jia , Lu Mingyang , Dazhen Lamu , Gao Mengjie , Zhang Ruiyan , Li Wendong , Lei Fan , Ren Wei , Li Guangxian , Yang Junlong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFlexible pressure sensors have gained attention for their comfort, portability, and potential in long‐term pulse monitoring and early cardiovascular disease diagnosis. However, stretching stress during daily activities affects sensor accuracy, causing motion artifacts (MAs) that hinder precise pulse signal detection. To address this challenge, the anti‐motion artifact iontronic pressure sensor (S‐smooth sensor), featuring a soft‐hard stretchable interface with energy dissipation properties is developed. By regulating the local modulus of the encapsulation layer, this structure dissipates stretching stress, achieving an MAs suppression rate of up to 90%, significantly improving pulse signal accuracy and reliability. Additionally, the sensor incorporates a dielectric layer and double electrode layer (EDL) sensing interface, with a low‐friction design that ensures high sensitivity (92.76 kPa−¹) and stability, maintaining performance over millions of cycles. The sensor accurately captures heart rate (HR) and pulse peak time differences (Δt) under various finger‐bending conditions. When integrated into a portable wireless pulse monitoring system, it shows a heart rate loss rate of only 2.9% during intense physical activity. This approach avoids complex chemical processes and material restrictions, offering a novel solution for motion artifact suppression in sensors, with significant potential for real‐time health monitoring and assisted diagnosis.
Food waste, date labels, and risk preferences: An experimental exploration
Authors: Wilson Norbert Lance Weston , Miao Ruiqing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study provides theoretical and experimental evidence that consumers adjust their premeditated food waste by date labels and their risk and loss preferences. The “Use by” date label leads to more premeditated food waste than “Best by” for deli meat and spaghetti sauce. However, changing date labels may not lower premeditated food waste relative to no label at all. Greater loss aversion correlates with higher premeditated food waste regardless of date labels and products. For participants with high loss aversion, they have higher premediated waste with no statistical difference in response for “Best by” and “Use by” labels. These results highlight the heterogeneous response to date labels.
Aligning Fishing Gear Selectivity With Harvest Slot Limits for Ballan Wrasse Labrus bergylta
Authors: Pritchard Calum J. , Stendal Marthe M. R. , Halvorsen Kim T. , Stewart Lauren , Salama Nabeil K. G. , Berrill Iain , Martin Samuel A. M. , Marshall C. Tara 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSelectivity is an important parameter used to identify the portion of a stock caught by a fishing gear. In principle, fisheries management aligns the length at which 50% of individuals are selected for () with minimum landing sizes. Harvest slot limits (the implementation of minimum landing sizes alongside maximum landing sizes) are in place for ballan wrasse, a sequential hermaphrodite commercially exploited in northern Europe. The selectivity of fishing gears used has yet to be investigated for this fishery. Two fishing gears were dismantled into their selective apertures, and fall‐through experiments were used to determine the selectivity of each aperture, alternative escape panels and alternative entrances. Binomial logistic models were fit to estimate the relationships between selectivity, fish length and condition factor for each aperture. Linear models were used to investigate the relationships between , escape panel width and entrance diameter. Both commercial fishing gears retained fish both smaller and larger than the size‐based harvest slot limits. Empirical relationships were developed to estimate escape panel widths and entrance diameters to align the with harvest slot limits. Fisheries managers may use these relationships to propose modifications to fishing gear that align their selectivity with harvest slot limits. However, it should be considered that these relationships were based on morphology and do not account for behaviour within the estimation of selectivity.
Comparison of Otolith and Pectoral Fin Spine Ages of Black Bullhead Ameiurus melas
Authors: Schumacher Glenn T. , Sikora Logan W. , Raabe Joshua K. , VanDeHey Justin A. , Sass Greg G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBlack bullhead Ameiurus melas are an environmentally tolerant fish that are often the target of population‐level management efforts due to overabundance and potential negative influences on sport fishes. Descriptions of black bullhead growth and life history have been limited in part due to challenges in age estimation. Pectoral fin spines have been validated as age estimation structures for other ictalurids, but not black bullhead. We evaluated the precision of black bullhead pectoral fin spine and whole otolith age estimates from a northern Wisconsin lake. Age bias of pectoral fin spines was evaluated relative to whole otoliths using age estimates from two readers. Age estimates from both structures were applied to produce von Bertalanffy growth models. Precision of both structures was similar for both readers (66% and 58% agreement, 89% and 87% within 1 year). Pectoral fin spine age estimates showed higher between‐reader agreement (59%, 95% within 1 year, CV = 9.2) than whole otolith age estimates (45%, 91% within 1 year, CV = 15.1). Pectoral fin spines may underestimate age relative to whole otoliths, particularly in older fish. von Bertalanffy growth model parameters were similar using both structures. Our findings suggest pectoral fin spine and whole otolith age estimates provide utility for age estimation in black bullhead, but modified methods of otolith processing and known age fish are needed to evaluate the accuracy of each structure.
Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome: A Chinese Expert Consensus Statement
Authors: Zhang Huabing , Yuan Ming Xia , Pan Qi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTInsulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by spontaneous hypoglycemia. The incidence of IAS is higher in East Asian populations compared to other populations. Delayed diagnosis and treatment can lead to recurrent hypoglycemia, significant glucose fluctuations, and adverse clinical outcomes, including life‐threatening situations. Currently, no standardized guidelines exist for the diagnosis and treatment of IAS. This consensus aims to provide a systematic summary of the epidemiology, triggers, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of IAS, with the objective of standardizing its clinical management.
Human herpesvirus‐associated transposable element activation in human aging brains with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Feng Yayan , Cao Shu‐Qin , Shi Yi , Sun Anna , Flanagan Margaret E. , Leverenz James B. , Pieper Andrew A. , Jung Jae U. , Cummings Jeffrey , Fang Evandro Fei , Zhang Pengyue , Cheng Feixiong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONHuman herpesvirus (HHV) has been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown.METHODSWe leveraged functional genomics data from Religious Orders Study or the Rush Memory and Aging Project (ROS/MAP) and Mount Sinai Brain Bank (MSBB) brain biobanks and single‐cell RNA‐sequencing data from HHV‐infected forebrain organoids to investigate HHV‐infection‐associated transposable element (TE) dysregulation underlying AD etiologies.RESULTSWe identified widespread TE dysregulation in HHV‐positive human AD brains, including an astrocyte‐specific upregulation of LINE1 subfamily TEs in HHV‐positive human AD brains. We further pinpointed astrocyte‐specific LINE1 upregulation that could potentially regulate target gene NEAT1 expression via long‐range enhancer‐promoter chromatin interactions. This LINE1 dysregulation can be partially reversed by the usage of anti‐HHV drugs (valacyclovir and acyclovir) in a virus‐infected human brain organoid model. Finally, we demonstrated that valacyclovir rescued tau‐associated neuropathology and alleviated LINE1 activation in an experimental tau aggregation model.DISCUSSIONOur analysis provides associations linking molecular, clinical, and neuropathological AD features with HHV infection, which warrants future clinical validation.Highlights
Via analysis of bulk RNA‐seq data in two large‐scale human brain biobanks, ROS/MAP (n = 109 pathologically confirmed AD and n = 44 cognitively healthy controls) and MSBB (n = 284 AD and n = 150 cognitively healthy controls), we identified widespread TE activation in HHV‐positive human AD brains and significantly positive associations of HHV RNA abundance with APOE4 genotype, Braak staging score, and CERAD score.
We identified cell type‐specific LINE1 upregulation in both microglia and astrocytes of human AD brains via long‐range enhancer–promoter chromatin interactions on lncRNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1).
We determined that usage of valacyclovir and acyclovir was significantly associated with reduced incidence of AD in a large real‐world patient database.
Using the HEK293 tau P301S model and U2OS mt‐Keima cell model, we determined that valacyclovir treatment rescued tau‐associated neuropathology and alleviated activation of LINE1 with increased cellular autophagy‐level mechanistically supported clinical benefits of valacyclovir in real‐world patient data.