bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing biomarkers of ageing in Singaporeans: the ABIOS observational study protocol
Authors: Lu Jessica K. , Wang Weilan , Soh Janjira , Sandalova Elena , Lim Zhi Meng , Seetharaman Santosh Kumar , Han Jing-Dong Jackie , Teo Desmond B. , Kennedy Brian K. , Goh Jorming , Maier Andrea B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ageing is the primary driver of age-associated chronic diseases and conditions. Asian populations have traditionally been underrepresented in studies understanding age-related diseases. Thus, the Ageing BIOmarker Study in Singaporeans (ABIOS) aims to characterise biomarkers of ageing in Singaporeans, exploring associations between molecular, physiological, and digital biomarkers of ageing. This is a single-centre, cross-sectional study that recruits healthy community-dwelling adults (≥ 21 years) from three different ethnic groups (Chinese, Malay, and Indian). Molecular biomarkers of ageing include multi-omics approaches, such as DNA methylation analysis and metabolic and inflammatory proteomic profiling in blood, saliva, and stool. Physiological biomarkers of ageing include bone density, body composition, skin autofluorescence, arterial stiffness, physical performance (e.g., muscle strength and flexibility), cognition, and nutritional status. Digital biomarkers of ageing include three-dimensional facial morphology and objectively measured physical activity. Additional measures, such as habitual physical activity, dietary patterns, and medical history, are also examined. The associations between the molecular, physiological, and digital phenotypes will be explored. This study is expected to generate a comprehensive profile of molecular, physiological, and digital biomarkers of ageing in Chinese, Malay, and Indian populations in Singapore. By integrating diverse age-related biomarkers, clinical indicators, and lifestyle factors, ABIOS will offer unique insights into the ageing process specific to Southeast Asian populations. These findings can help identify markers of biological ageing, uncover ethnic-specific patterns, and reveal modifiable lifestyle factors for healthier ageing. The results could inform evidence-based health policies, personalized interventions, and future cross-ethnic comparative studies to enhance understanding of ageing biology across diverse populations.
Intertwining Perspectives on Happiness and Well-Being to Explain the Rise of Creative Cities
Authors: Popescu Irina Alina , Reis Mourão Paulo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The concept of well-being has garnered significant attention across diverse academic disciplines due to its important role in understanding quality of life and societal progress. In this study, well-being is studied through various strands, including objective well-being based on the fulfilment of basic human needs, subjective well-being encompassing positive mental states, and the capability approach assessing individuals’ opportunities and freedoms. This study aims to investigate the emergence of creative cities within an international context through the theoretical frameworks of happiness and well-being by examining country-specific factors such as happiness, life satisfaction, freedom of choice, innovation, and economic inequality in relation to the number of creative cities designated by the UNESCO Creative Cities Network. Employing Poisson regression methodologies on data from international organizations, our findings reveal positive associations between happiness and life satisfaction with the number of creative cities, while economic inequality within a country slightly negatively impacts the emergence of creative cities. The paper ends with a discussion of the results and proposes future avenues for research and several policy implications.
Phylogeny and taxonomy of four Ramularia species on trees and shrubs
Authors: Bakhshi Mounes , Zare Rasoul , Druzhinina Irina S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Ramularia is a species-rich genus in the order Mycosphaerellales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) that includes numerous phytopathogenic taxa which cause typical leaf spots, necrosis, or chlorosis on woody and herbaceous plants. During survey of ramularioid fungi causing leaf spot symptoms in northern Iran, several Ramularia isolates were identified from symptomatic leaves on woody plants. A polyphasic approach, combining morphological observations, cultural data, and multigene phylogeny (ITS, ACT, TEF1-α, HIS, and GAPDH), was used to classify these isolates. The isolates were grouped in four species clades including, R. eucalypti on Rubus criticus and R. discolor; R. glennii on Acer palmatum, Alnus subcordata, Eriobotrya japonica, Eucalyptus sp., Ligustrum vulgare, Punica granatum, and Viburnum opulus; R. vizellae on Zelkova carpinifolia; and a new species Ramularia zelkovae on Zelkova carpinifolia. Notably, R. eucalypti and R. vizellae are new records for the funga of Asia. Additionally, Rubus criticus and R. discolor are newly documented hosts for R. eucalypti while, Zelkova carpinifolia is a new host for R. vizellae. Acer palmatum, Alnus subcordata, Eriobotrya japonica, Ligustrum vulgare, Punica granatum, and Viburnum opulus are reported as new hosts of R. glennii.
Morse index for homothetic motions in the gravitational n-body problem
Authors: Ou Yuwei , Portaluri Alessandro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the gravitation n-body Problem, a homothetic orbit is a special solution of the Newton’s Equations of motion, in which each body moves along a straight line through the center of mass and forming at any time a central configuration. In 2020, Portaluri et al. proved that under a spectral gap condition on the limiting central configuration, known in literature as non-spiraling or [BS]-condition, the Morse index of an asymptotic colliding motion is finite. Later Ou et al. proved this result for other classes of unbounded motions, e.g. doubly asymptotic motions (e.g. doubly homothetic motions). In this paper, we prove that for a homothetic motion, irrespective of how large the index of the limiting central configuration and how large the energy level is, the following alternative holds: if the non-spiraling condition holds then the Morse index is 0 otherwise it is infinite.
The Effects of Motivational Interviewing on Promoting Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Initiation and Completion Among South Asian Mother/Daughter Dyads: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Chan Dorothy Ngo Sheung , Choi Kai Chow , Lee Pinky Pui Kay , So Winnie Kwok Wei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Vaccination against HPV is an effective strategy for the prevention of HPV infection and cervical cancer. Nevertheless, the HPV vaccine uptake rate is low among ethnic minorities in Hong Kong. This study sought to assess the feasibility and acceptability of motivational interviewing among South Asian mother–daughter dyads and to preliminarily examine its effects on knowledge of HPV infection and vaccination, health beliefs, intention to have the daughters vaccinated, and initiation and completion of HPV vaccine series.

Methods
This was a pilot randomised controlled trial. Forty South Asian mothers with at least one daughter aged 9 to 17 years were recruited. The intervention group received a motivational interviewing intervention whereas the control group received usual care. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on the participants’ characteristics and selected outcome variables. Bias-corrected Hedges’ g and rate difference together with their 95% confidence intervals were calculated to estimate the effect sizes of the intervention on the outcomes The acceptability was assessed via semi-structured interviews.

Results
A larger proportion of the daughters of the intervention group participants had received the first dose of HPV vaccine (95% [19 out of 20]) vs 0% [0 out of 20]). The intervention group showed greater improvement in knowledge at 3 months after the intervention (Hedges’ g = 0.77 (95%CI:0.13–1.41)). Most interviewees were satisfied with the intervention.

Conclusion
The intervention was feasible and acceptable. The intervention can help to increase South Asian mothers’ knowledge and to increase the initiation of HPV vaccine series by their daughters.

Trial registration
This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100052751) on 5 November 2021.
Towards an Optimal Renewable Energy Mix for the European Union: Enhancing Energy Security and Sustainability
Authors: Osuma Godswill , Yusuf Nadia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This research investigates he optimal renewable energy mix for the European Union to enhance its energy security and sustainability. Using panel data from 2012 to 2022, covering 26 EU countries, the following estimation techniques are applied: ordinary least squares, fixed effect regression, and the two-step generalised method of moments. The findings highlight wind energy as a critical component in the EU’s energy strategy due to its consistently positive impact on the energy mix. The results also reveal challenges in integrating solar photovoltaic energy, largely due to regional disparities in solar irradiance and high initial infrastructure costs. Accordingly, foreign direct investment does not significantly impact the energy mix, suggesting a need for better alignment between investment flows and energy policies. In the context of past energy infrastructure decisions continuously influencing the current energy mix, we emphasise the importance of continuity in energy policy. These insights can inform policymakers in refining the EU’s energy strategy as the latter strives to meet its 2030 and 2050 climate and energy targets aligning with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action).
Mapping of surface deformation associated with the 7.8 magnitude Turkey earthquake of 6 Feb 2023 using radar interferometry
Authors: Ibrahim Heba Basyouni , Salah Mahmoud , Zarzoura Fawzi Hamed Fawzi , El-Mewafi Mahmoud 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the surface deformation caused by the earthquake that occurred on February 6, 2023, in Turkey, utilizing Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) photos and Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) techniques to show how the 7.8-magnitude earthquake that struck Turkey caused surface deformation. For the analysis, it was necessary to compute the displacement in the vertical direction for both the deformation before and after removing low coherence (coherence of less than 0.23) in order to minimize misinterpretations caused by phase decorrelation. When the mask was removed, the displacement measured anywhere from − 420 mm to + 713 mm, but when the coherence was increased to 0.23, it measured anywhere from − 330 mm to 700 mm. The greatest positive surface deformation (uplift) regions are visible in the northern, central, and southern regions, while negative surface deformation (subsidence) is visible in the regions of the south-east and south-west of the image. The epicentre of the earthquake is most likely located west of Gaziantep in Gaziantep Province and Ekin Ozu District in Maraş Province, where the earthquake was devastating. InSAR technology is appealing for long-term measuring performance of deformations due to the rising accessibility of civilian radar satellites and the quick development of digital signal analysis, and InSAR has the potential to be used at the network level since it can monitor surface displacements at a millimetre scale over a huge geographical mass.
Environmental behavior of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and the potential role of biochar for its remediation: a review
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Zhang Haiyan , He Lizhi , Wang Jie , Wang Shuo , Shi Xiaoyu , Zhang Xiaokai , Wang Hailong , He Feng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), commonly known as ‘‘forever chemicals’’, are persistent organic pollutants that are widely distributed in the environment. Due to their toxicity and resistance to degradation, PFASs are classified as emerging contaminants, and increasing attention is being paid to their remediation. Biochar, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent, shows potential for remediating PFASs contamination. The application of biochar for PFASs remediation has garnered growing interest. Compared to other adsorbents, biochar is more economical and the raw materials for its preparation are more readily available. However, there is currently no comprehensive review summarizing the effects of biochar on the environmental behavior of PFASs. This review aims to fill that gap by providing an in-depth discussion and synthesis of the existing literature in this area. It focuses on the environmental behavior of PFASs, specifically addressing the adsorption mechanisms and factors influencing the effectiveness of biochar in PFASs remediation. A proposed mechanism by which biochar photodegrades PFASs through the generation of free radicals, in addition to conventional adsorption mechanisms (such as pore filling, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic interactions), is explored. Furthermore, this review discusses the ability of biochar to reduce the likelihood of PFASs entering the food chain through water and soil and evaluates the feasibility and limitations of using biochar for PFASs removal. Finally, we identify future research directions to support the safe and effective use of biochar for PFASs remediation, so as to promote the advancement of green remediation technologies.

Graphic Abstract
Collaborative navigation method based on adaptive time-varying factor graph
Authors: Wang H. , Hu L. , Tao J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAiming at the problems of poor coordination effect and low positioning accuracy of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) formation cooperative navigation in complex environments, an adaptive time-varying factor graph framework UAV formation cooperative navigation algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm uses the factor graph to describe the relationship between the navigation state of the UAV fleet and its own measurement information as well as the relative navigation information, and detects the relative navigation information at each moment by the double-threshold detection method to update the factor graph model at the current moment. And the robust estimation is combined with the factor graph, and the weight function measurements are used in the construction of the factor nodes for adaptive adjustment to make the system highly robust. The simulation results show that the proposed method realises the effective fusion of airborne multi-source sensing information and relative navigation information, which effectively improves the UAV formation cooperative navigation accuracy.
Development and validation of an antibiotic appropriateness metric for urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis in ambulatory settings
Authors: Keintz Mackenzie R. , Alexander Bryan T. , Fagan Katherine , Van Schooneveld Trevor C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ambulatory antibiotic stewardship has traditionally focused on acute respiratory infections with few studies evaluating metrics for other commonly encountered ambulatory conditions, including urinary tract infections (UTI). We describe the development and validation of an electronically captured appropriate antibiotic use metric for ambulatory UTIs using coding data.
Management of a COVID-19 outbreak using a multidisciplinary approach and infection prevention control practices at a community living center in Veterans Administration Hospital, North Texas
Authors: Oboho Ikwo K. , Hanna John , Silva-Rodriguez Denisse , Christie-Smith Angela , Psenicka Andrew , Khongmongkhon Ampava , Kouma Marcus A. , Reid Sherry , Bedimo Roger 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
The increase in severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases due to the omicron strain led to reduced acute care hospital beds at the Veterans Administration (VA) Hospital, North Texas; veterans with non-severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease were managed at a community living center (CLC), a VA nursing home. The management of non-severe COVID-19 in VA nursing homes has not been extensively described.

Methods:
We describe resident characteristics and outcomes, and infection control practices implemented during 2 COVID-19 outbreak periods (January 12–February 15, 2022, June 28–July 14, 2023). Serial testing of all CLC residents was conducted, and residents with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection were included in the analysis. Resident data were ascertained from the COVID-19 facility dashboard and medical record system.

Results:
From January 12 to February 15, 2022, and June 28–July 14, 2023, 62 adults residing at the CLC were diagnosed with COVID-19. Overall, the median age was 75 years [interquartile range, 71–80], and 57 (91.9%) were men. Residents were cohorted by COVID-19 test results. A multidisciplinary team was convened, and staff were fit tested for appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and received refresher training on hand hygiene, donning, and doffing of PPE. Thirty-seven (59.7%) residents were symptomatic. Overall, 55 (88.7%) residents were documented to have received the SARS-CoV-2 primary vaccination series. Most residents were managed at the CLC, while 12 (19.3%) were hospitalized in acute care.

Conclusions:
It is feasible to manage high-risk residents with non-severe COVID-19 disease in a CLC utilizing a multidisciplinary approach and implementing Infection Prevention and Control strategies.
Pushing the boundaries of anticipatory action using machine learning
Authors: Kjærum Alexander , Madsen Bo S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Displacement continues to increase at a global scale and is increasingly happening in complex, multicrisis settings, leading to more complex and deeper humanitarian needs. Humanitarian needs are therefore increasingly outgrowing the available humanitarian funding. Thus, responding to vulnerabilities before disaster strikes is crucial but anticipatory action is contingent on the ability to accurately forecast what will happen in the future. Forecasting and contingency planning are not new in the humanitarian sector, where scenario-building continues to be an exercise conducted in most humanitarian operations to strategically plan for coming events. However, the accuracy of these exercises remains limited. To address this challenge and work with the objective of providing the humanitarian sector with more accurate forecasts to enhance the protection of vulnerable groups, the Danish Refugee Council has already developed several machine learning models. The Anticipatory Humanitarian Action for Displacement uses machine learning to forecast displacement in subdistricts in the Liptako-Gourma region in Sahel, covering Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. The model is mainly built on data related to conflict, food insecurity, vegetation health, and the prevalence of underweight to forecast displacement. In this article, we will detail how the model works, the accuracy and limitations of the model, and how we are translating the forecasts into action by using them for anticipatory action in South Sudan and Burkina Faso, including concrete examples of activities that can be implemented ahead of displacement in the place of origin, along routes and in place of destination.
Toward an Ecofeminist New Materialism: Agency and Action in a More-Than-Human World
Authors: Tokay Ela 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The realities of the Anthropocene, from climate change to pandemics to plastics, necessitate substantially different ways of understanding what it means to act in the world today. In response, feminist scholars within the field of new materialism have attempted to rethink the nature of agency and action. This article focuses on two unresolved challenges with their framework: first, it lacks a way to make distinctions or draw boundaries between different entities and actors and, second, it simplifies the relationship between ontology and ethics, implying that an ontological transformation will lead to more ethical and just relationships with the more-than-human world. I argue that to address these challenges new materialism should look to ecofeminism, particularly the philosophy of Val Plumwood; this pairing is especially pertinent considering the often overlooked or downplayed genealogical connections between them. I also argue, however, that new materialism has something to offer Plumwood: its reconceptualization of agency better responds to contemporary circumstances in ways foreclosed by Plumwood’s more limited account. I conclude that a coalition between new materialism and ecofeminism—a new materialism supplemented and modified by aspects of Plumwood’s account—provides valuable conceptual tools with which to respond to the Anthropocene condition.
Supplemented with Astragalus dregs improves growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant capacity in fattening pigs
Authors: Guo Qi , Wang Jiayi , Wang Xuhan , Zhang Hongyi , Xing Jiajiao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of Astragalus dregs — the residue after the extraction of principal active components — on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and immune function of fattening pigs. Twenty-four 130 days of age fattening pigs were randomly assigned to the control group and experimental group (supplemented with 10% Astragalus dregs). The production performance was evaluated by average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and diarrhoea rates. Additionally, nutrient digestibility, blood biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity, and immune function factors were analysed. The group supplemented with Astragalus dregs showed a trend towards improved ADG and ADFI and reduced diarrhoea rates (p > 0.05). Moreover, it significantly enhanced the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and ether extract (p < 0.05). Blood analysis revealed that globulin and total protein were increased, and glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were decreased (p < 0.05) in the group supplemented with Astragalus dregs. The antioxidant capacity was significantly promoted by elevated T-AOC, GSH-px, and SOD activities and reduced malondialdehyde levels (p < 0.05). The immune function factors demonstrated that IgA, IgG, IgM, and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-22 were significantly increased, meanwhile pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2 and IL-6 were decreased (p < 0.05).
These findings indicate that Astragalus dregs, as a dietary supplement, may enhance growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune function in fattening pigs. It is suggested that future studies should explore the optimal supplementation ratio of Astragalus dregs in pig diets.