bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmentally realistic concentrations of chlorinated, brominated, and fluorinated persistent organic pollutants induce the unfolded protein response as a shared stress pathway in the liver of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
Authors: Olsvik Pål A. , Meier Sonnich , Zhang Xiaokang , Goksøyr Anders , Karlsen Odd Andre , Yadetie Fekadu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the North Sea and North Atlantic coastal areas, fish experience relatively high background levels of persistent organic pollutants. This study aimed to compare the mode of action of environmentally relevant concentrations of mixtures of halogenated compounds in Atlantic cod. Juvenile male cod with mean weight of 840 g were exposed by gavage to dietary mixtures of chlorinated (PCBs, DDT analogs, chlordane, lindane, and toxaphene), brominated (PBDEs), and fluorinated (PFOS) compounds for 4 weeks. One group received a combined mixture of all three compound groups. The results showed that the accumulated levels of chemicals in cod liver after 4 weeks of exposure reflected concentrations found in wild fish in this region. Pathway analysis revealed that the treatment effects by each of the three groups of chemicals (chlorinated, brominated, and fluorinated) converged on activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Upstream regulator analysis predicted that almost all the key transcription factors (XBP1, ERN1, ATF4, EIF2AK3, and NFE2L2) regulating the UPR were significantly activated. No additive effect was observed in cod co‐treated with all three compound groups. In conclusion, the genome‐wide transcriptomic study suggests that the UPR pathway is a sensitive common target of halogenated organic environmental pollutants in fish.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and effects on tendon tissue: A vibrational spectroscopy study
Authors: Stefani Sara , Govoni Marco , Tombolesi Niki , Vivarelli Leonardo , Dallari Dante , Paolantoni Marco , Sassi Paola , Morresi Assunta 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an invasive medical technique used to provide life support in persons with insufficient cardiac and respiratory functionalities, or to preserve, postmortem, and organ function addressing organ/tissue transplant. Although a lot of information is available about organs in their entirety, the safety and effectiveness of allogeneic tissues collected from ECMO donors have not been fully elucidated. In this preliminary study, samples of tibial and peroneal human tendons were analyzed along their length with Raman microspectroscopy and attenuated total reflection‐Fourier transform infrared micro‐imaging. Both techniques evidenced a different chemical composition in the terminal with respect to the central part of the tendon. Thus, a differentiated analysis was performed depending on the specific position with respect to the bone or the muscle junctions. Spectroscopic analyses showed significant differences in the characteristics of the extracellular matrix between tendons from ECMO and non‐ECMO donors, suggesting changes in the amino acid (proline and hydroxyproline) content and protein structure.
G/ β‐ TCP composite scaffold material promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Su Hairong , Liao Yong , Yuan Xiaolu , Huang Jianhui , Chen Ya , Zhao Binxiu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo explore self‐made graphene/β Graphene (G)/β‐ tricalcium phosphate, G/β‐ The effect of TCP composite scaffold material on osteogenic differentiation of BMSC. Preparation of G/β‐ TCP composite material was used to investigate the effect of composite material on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell ossification/β‐ TCP material was used to treat primary BMSCs of rats. Cell morphology changes were observed under scanning electron microscopy, cell cycle and proliferation were detected by flow cytometry, and gene expression of chondrogenic genes Fibronectin, collagen I, collagen II, ICAM, and VCAM was detected by q‐PCR. In addition, using osteogenic induction medium and G/β‐ TCP composite materials were co treated with BMSCs, and ALP and alizarin red staining were used to observe the effect of the materials on osteogenic differentiation. q‐PCR was used to detect the gene expression of osteogenic related genes Runx2, OCN, and OPN. G/ β‐ After the TCP composite was co cultured with BMSC, the proportion of G0/G1 phase of BMSC cells was significantly increased, the cell proliferation ability was enhanced, and the gene expression of fibronectin, collagen I, collagen II, ICAM, and VCAM were significantly increased. The ALP staining results indicate that BMSC in G/β‐ After treatment with TCP composite material, significant enhancement of osteogenic ability was observed at 7,14 and 21 days. In addition, BMSC in G/β‐ A significant increase in calcium deposition was observed at 7,14 and 21 days after treatment with TCP composite materials. The effect of different time points on the expression of osteogenic related genes varies. At 7 and 14 days, the expression of RUNX2 was significantly reduced compared to the control, but significantly increased at 21 days; OCN significantly increased on the 21st day; OPN significantly increased at 14 days. G/β‐ TCP materials significantly promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
Intraprofessional learning: Dentistry and oral health students’ readiness and experience
Authors: Wong Grace , Irving Michelle , Forsyth Cathryn J. , Chen Rebecca , Tsai Carrie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionIntraprofessional learning is a promising approach to enhance teamwork and patient care. This mixed‐method study aimed to assess the readiness and experience of dental and oral health students toward intraprofessional learning.MethodsDental and oral health students were paired alternatively in a clinician and assistant role in a pediatric clinical setting. The Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale was adapted for a pre‐ and post‐survey. Focus groups were conducted to elicit the students’ shared learning experience.ResultsApproximately 50% of dental and oral health students participated in the pre‐ and post‐survey. Pre‐test findings revealed similar attitudes toward intraprofessional practice for both groups. However, a statistically significant lower score (p < 0.022) for the oral health students in the post‐test suggested a less positive attitude toward their experience. Qualitative results indicated that dental students acquired a better understanding of the clinical scope of oral health students, and they learned clinical skills and behavior management from their counterparts. Conversely, oral health students experienced a hierarchical lack of collegiality and reciprocity from dental students, which may have contributed to their lower post‐test score. Despite this, some oral health students gained more confidence in their roles and abilities within the intraprofessional team. Overall, dental students valued this learning experience more and desired more intraprofessional opportunities.ConclusionBoth groups of dental and oral health students had similar readiness levels to enter intraprofessional practice, appreciated the intraprofessional experience, and gained an increased appreciation for the collaborative approach to patient care. Intraprofessional learning during training may assist with developing collegiality across the dental professions in practice.
Development and evaluation of simulation‐based scenario education program for professional oral hygiene care in intubated patient
Authors: Choi Ma‐I , Noh Hie‐Jin , Han Sun‐Young , Bae Sung‐Suk , Kim GiYon , Mun So‐Jung 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study was conducted to develop a professional oral hygiene care (POHC) simulation education program for intubated patients and to evaluate the suitability of education by evaluating the performance confidence (PC), critical thinking disposition (CT), and learning satisfaction (LS) of dental hygiene students.MethodsThis study developed a POHC simulation education program (theory, skill training, scenario education, and debriefing) for intubated patients through expert validation and consisted of a single‐group pre‐ and postexperiment design. The subjects were 3rd and 4th year students at the Department of Dental Hygiene in Wonju City, and a total of 30 people were enrolled. The collected data were analyzed using the PASW Statistics version 23.0. The content validity test was measured by the CVI (Content validity index) value, and the PC, CT, and LS of the subjects before and after participating in the program were analyzed using a paired t‐test. The significance level (α) was based on .05.ResultsAfter the program, the PC improved from 4.29 ± 0.43 to 4.54 ± 0.44, and there was a significant difference (p = .004). CT improved from 3.73 ± 0.36 to 3.84 ± 0.36, but there was no significant difference (p = .062), and prudence improved from 4.21 ± 0.33 to 4.43 ± 0.27, and there was significant difference. (p = .001). LS increased from 4.66 ± 0.36 to 4.90 ± 0.16 after education, and there was a significant difference (p = .002).Conclusion(s)Simulation education program improved dental hygiene students' POHC performance confidence. Various scenarios will need to be developed in the future, and it is necessary to evaluate simulation education within the dental hygiene curriculum and identify areas for improvement.
Role of the testicular capsule in seasonal modulation of the testis
Authors: Pandey Surya Prakash , Mohanty Banalata 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile the seasonal testicular cycle has been well studied regarding internal components, no attention has been given to the testicular capsule (tunica albuginea and tunica serosa). This study elucidated the structure‐function modulations of intra‐testicular functions by its capsule in the finch red munia (Amandava amandava) during the annual testicular cycle. The birds were studied during breeding (preparatory and breeding) and nonbreeding (regressive and quiescent) reproductive phases using hematoxylin‐eosin and acridine orange‐ethidium bromide capsule staining, hormonal ELISA (LH and testosterone) and immunohistochemical expression of neuropeptides (GnRH, GnIH) and androgen receptor (AR). The thickness of the tunica albuginea was significantly increased with multiple myoid layers during the nonbreeding phases (p < 0.05). The thickness of the tunica serosa was not altered, although characteristics and distribution of squamous cells showed significant seasonal alterations. Immunoreactive (‐ir) AR and GnIH cells were differentially localized on both layers of the capsule. Strong AR‐ir cells on tunica serosa during breeding phases showed increased expression of the receptor; a significant increase in plasma LH and testosterone was also observed during the breeding cycle (p < 0.01). Contrarily, intense GnIH‐ir cells on both the capsular layers peaked during testicular regression. Differential structural alterations of the testicular capsule provide mechanical support and help maintain internal homeostasis in tune with changing seasons. The seasonal expressions and alterations of reproduction‐related receptors, hormones, and neuropeptides provide evidence for the potential regulatory roles of the capsule in the peripheral modulation of intratesticular functions.
The development and preliminary evaluation of the Genetic Counseling Skills Checklist
Authors: Hehmeyer Katherine N. , Zierhut Heather , Dedrick Robert , Dean Marleah , Schwarting Kathryn , Bellia Katie Sullivan , Cragun Deborah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGenetic counseling (GC) relies on communication to help people understand and adapt to genetic contributions of disease, and there is need for a practical and reliable method of comprehensively documenting GC communication skills without intensive coding. To this end, we created a novel process measure called the Genetic Counseling Skills Checklist (GCSC), utilizing previously validated measures, communication/counseling frameworks, and prior research findings. A multistage iterative process was used to develop, evaluate, and modify the GCSC to improve its clarity, usability, and content validity. To assess interrater reliability, randomly assigned, untrained individuals (i.e., coders) used the GCSC version 3 to code multiple simulated GC sessions. Average measures intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated for each of the 8 GCSC process categories using one‐way, random effects models. After relatively minor modifications to the GCSC, two pairs of experienced coders used GCSC version 4 to independently code additional GC sessions and Cohen's Kappa coefficients (κ) were calculated to assess interrater reliability for each process category. The GCSC contains five to eight items within each category and demonstrates good content validity given its ability to capture nearly all GC skills that genetic counselors reported using in a prior qualitative study. Interrater reliability of GCSC version 3 among coders with limited experience was moderate or good for 6 out of the 8 process categories as evidenced by ICCs ranging from 0.55 to 0.86. Average interrater reliability of GCSC version 4 among one pair of experienced coders was strong for all eight process categories (κ ranging from 0.82 to 0.94); among the second pair of experienced coders scores were strong for six categories (κ ranging from 0.80 to 0.87) and moderate for two categories (κ of 0.77 and 0.78). The results suggest the need for training and experience to assure adequate interrater reliability across GCSC coders. Future work is needed to create a formalized training program for coders, complete a larger study to further validate the measure, and use the GCSC to document variability in skills used across providers and sessions.
Can we understand the simultaneous evolution between economic and informality growth in Africa? A preliminary explanation
Authors: Njoya Loudi , Ngouhouo Ibrahim , Njoupouognigni Moussa , Friederich Schneider , Tourere Zenabou 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper is interested in explaining the causes of the simultaneous evolution between economic and informality growth. Using a large annual panel of African countries with a time series of 25 years, our results are paradoxical: the effect of growth on the informal sector becomes contradictory in the presence of high corruption rates. When the corruption rate is low (>1.3577), growth is indirectly related to the informal sector and vice versa when it is high (<1.3577). The results, which highlight a previously unknown paradox, contribute significantly to the existing literature on the subject and are robust to alternative specifications. It is therefore desirable for policymakers to improve the transparency of interactions between firms, public and private agents to fight corruption.
The cost of keeping‐up with the Joneses: Relative deprivation and food spending in Cameroon
Authors: Wirba Ebenezer Lemven , Tingum Ernest Ngeh , Baye Francis Menjo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the implications of keeping‐up with the Joneses for household food spending using a nationally representative data for Cameroon. Specifically, it employs the heteroskedasticity‐based identification strategy to address the endogeneity of relative deprivation and the recentred influence function (RIF) regression to account for heterogeneity in the effect of relative deprivation across percentiles. Mean regression results show that relative deprivation has a negative effect on food spending overall and the effect is stronger among rural households compared with urban households. The RIF regression results reveal that relative deprivation correlates negatively with food spending from the lower percentile up to 70th percentile, meanwhile, at the upper tail of the distribution, it has no significant effect. These findings have public policy implications for the taxation of luxury goods.
Cardiac MRI at Low Field Strengths
Authors: Campbell‐Washburn Adrienne E. , Varghese Juliet , Nayak Krishna S. , Ramasawmy Rajiv , Simonetti Orlando P. 
Published: August 2023

Cardiac MR imaging is well established for assessment of cardiovascular structure and function, myocardial scar, quantitative flow, parametric mapping, and myocardial perfusion. Despite the clear evidence supporting the use of cardiac MRI for a wide range of indications, it is underutilized clinically. Recent developments in low‐field MRI technology, including modern data acquisition and image reconstruction methods, are enabling high‐quality low‐field imaging that may improve the cost–benefit ratio for cardiac MRI. Studies to‐date confirm that low‐field MRI offers high measurement concordance and consistent interpretation with clinical imaging for several routine sequences. Moreover, low‐field MRI may enable specific new clinical opportunities for cardiac imaging such as imaging near metal implants, MRI‐guided interventions, combined cardiopulmonary assessment, and imaging of patients with severe obesity. In this review, we discuss the recent progress in low‐field cardiac MRI with a focus on technical developments and early clinical validation studies.Evidence Level5Technical EfficacyStage 1
Plant growth promotingBacillusspecies elicit defense againstMeloidogyne incognitainfecting tomato in polyhouse
Authors: M Devindrappa , Kamra Anju , Singh Dinesh , Gawade Bharat , Sirohi Anil 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe effects of four nematicidal rhizobacterial isolates;Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus pumilus,Bacillus megaterium, andBacillus cereuson infection and multiplication of root‐knot nematode,Meloidogyne incognitaon tomato were compared with the application of a chemical nematicide, fluopyram 34.48% SC (Velum Prime). The bio‐efficacy trial conducted in pots preinoculated with the above isolates followed byM. incognitainoculation resulted in a significant reduction in percent root galling viz. 91.95 inB. subtilis, 84.21 inB. pumilus, 83.70 inB. megaterium, and 81.8 inB. cereus, at 75 days after inoculation (DAI). The reproduction factor of the nematode was the lowest (15.83) inB. subtilis, followed byB. pumilus(21.00), compared with 48.16 in control, with enhanced photosynthetic and transpiration rates. The mechanism of induced resistance was assessed using quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) for quantification of three key defense genes (PR‐1b, JERF3, and CAT) at 0,2,4,8 and16 days DAI. The defence genes, PR‐1b, JERF3, and CAT were expressed at 2.5–7.5‐folds in rhizobacterialtreated plants, but not in nematicide treatment. The defense enzymes viz., super oxide dismutase (SOD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (PO), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) when quantified (μmol/mg protein) showed an increase from 1.5 to 17.5 for SOD, 2.1 to 7.8 in PPO, 1.8 to 10.2 in PO, and 1.8 to 8.7 in PAL during 0 to 16 DAI, in rhizobacteria‐treated plants.
The separation of the enantiomers of diquats by capillary electrophoresis using randomly sulfated cyclodextrins as chiral selectors
Authors: Bílek Jan , Koval Dušan , Sázelová Petra , Šolínová Veronika , Severa Lukáš , Gutiérrez Paul E. Reyes , Teplý Filip , Kašička Václav 
Published: August 2023

Diquats, derivatives of the widely used herbicide diquat, represent a new class of functional organic molecules. A combination of their special electrochemical properties and axial chirality could potentially result in their important applications in supramolecular chemistry, chiral catalysis, and chiral analysis. However, prior to their practical applications, the diquats have to be prepared in enantiomerically pure forms and the enantiomeric purity of their P‐ and M‐isomers has to be checked. Hence, a chiral capillary electrophoresis (CE) method has been developed and applied for separation of P‐ and M‐enantiomers of 11 new diquats. Fast and better than baseline CE separations of enantiomers of all 11 diquats within a short time 5–7 min were achieved using acidic buffer, 22 mM NaOH, 35 mM H3PO4, pH 2.5, as a background electrolyte, and 6 mM randomly sulfated α‐, β‐, and γ‐cyclodextrins as chiral selectors. The most successful selector was sulfated γ‐cyclodextrin, which baseline separated the enantiomers of all 11 diquats, followed by sulfated β‐cyclodextrin and sulfated α‐cyclodextrin, which baseline separated enantiomers of 10 and nine diquats, respectively. Using this method, a high enantiopurity degree of the isolated P‐ and M‐enantiomers of three diquats with a defined absolute configuration was confirmed and their migration order was identified.
Klf6 aggravates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating Acsl4‐mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Qiu Ma‐Li , Yan Wei , Liu Mo‐Mu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFerroptosis is closely related to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage. Kruppel‐like factor 6 (Klf6) can aggravate renal I/R injury. We aimed to elucidate the role of Klf6 in myocardial I/R damage as well as its potential mechanism. Myocardial I/R mice model and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‐treated HL‐1 cells were established. The levels of Fe2+, MDA, lipid ROS, and ferroptosis‐related proteins were measured for assessing ferroptosis. Infarct area, H&E staining, cardiac function, and cell viability were detected for evaluating myocardial injury. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blot, and RT‐qPCR were applied for detecting the levels of related genes. The m6A modification of Klf6, as well as the relationships between Klf6 and Mettl3, Igf2bp2, or Acsl4 promoter, was evaluated using MeRIP, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull‐down, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assay accordingly.Klf6 protein and mRNA levels, as well as Klf6 m6A modification, were elevated in HL‐1 cells subjected to H/R and in the heart tissues from I/R mice. In H/R‐challenged HL‐1 cells, the binding relationships between Klf6 mRNA and Igf2bp2 or Mettl3 were confirmed; moreover, Igf2bp2 or Mettl3 knockdown decreased the Klf6 level and inhibited Klf6 mRNA stability. Klf6 knockdown restrained H/R‐triggered cell viability loss, improved I/R‐induced myocardial injury, and inhibited ferroptosis in myocardial I/R damage models. Klf6 directly bound to the Acsl4 promoter and positively regulated its expression. Acsl4 overexpression compromised the Klf6 knockdown‐generated protective effect in HL‐1 cells.m6A modification‐regulated Klf6 aggravated myocardial I/R damage through activating Acsl4‐mediated ferroptosis, thereby providing one potential target for the treatment of myocardial I/R.