bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioemotional wealth and family feuds: corporate social responsibility as insurance
Authors: Jung Young Hoon , Kim Dong Shin , Shin HoWook 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThis study explores family firms' ex ante conflict management strategies to preserve their socioemotional wealth (SEW) under predictable conflict through the succession process. Specifically, the authors examine how family firms leverage the insurance-like benefits of corporate social responsibility (CSR) to mitigate the threat of foreseeable family feuds among the sons of firms' family heads.Design/methodology/approachThe authors focus on the charitable donations pledged by Korean family business groups (chaebols). Using the data of 62 chaebols with generalized least squares (GLS) models, the authors analyze 711 observations from 2005 to 2017.FindingsThe authors find a positive relationship between the number of sons of a family firm's head and the firm's CSR activities such as spending on charitable donations. Furthermore, the number of daughters of heads in executive positions strengthens such a positive relationship, whereas the number of business and political marriage ties weakens this relationship.Practical implicationsFamily heads of family businesses may leverage CSR activities and marriage ties to elite families interchangeably to ward off negative impacts from foreseeable family feuds and preserve their SEW. Thus, a policy-based incentive for CSR that encourages more family heads to use CSR as insurance would serve the public interest.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the family business literature by suggesting that CSR activities can be used by family firms as an instrument to mitigate foreseeable damage to the SEW caused by family feuds. The authors also shed new light on CSR research by finding that marriage ties to elite families may reduce the strategic value of CSR activities.
The death of migrant workers in India during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kumar Sumant , Patel Avanish Bhai 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
COVID-19 lockdown imposed by the government in India affected markets, factories, industries, construction sites, restaurants, transport services, etc. in which migrant workers were engaged. Migrant workers expected that after the imposition of the lockdown government will facilitate transportation facilities to their hometowns as they lost their jobs. But due to negligence from both the central and the state governments, neither transportation was arranged nor food, shelter or health facilities were arranged. This paper aims to investigate the causes of the death of migrant workers under the theoretical framework of negligence theory.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors have applied the content analysis method and collected 926 death cases of migrant workers from 28 Indian states. The researchers applied this technique as the newspapers in India are one of the largest and most useful sources to generate a report/record on migrant workers causes during the COVID-19 lockdown. During the lockdown period, due to lack of attention from the government, police atrocities, hunger and accidental cases increased which resulted in the death of migrant workers.

Findings
The finding of the study proves that during the first phase of COVID-19 lockdown the death cases of migrant workers increased due to negligence by the governments. The number of death cases of migrant workers has been analysed through applying negligence theory which included duty, breach, cause, in fact, proximate cause and harm which increased the death cases. It has been noticed that the central government without any prior notice-imposed lockdown all over India, in which all the states were not received any guidelines or communication which indicate what they have to do or how to handle the Covid-19 situation.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is an original work of researchers which is basically based on negligence theory.
Reference ranges for third‐trimester maternal cardiovascular function parameters measured in normotensive pregnant women using a non‐invasive cardiac output monitor: A study based on data from the prospective PEACH cohort study
Authors: Lihme Frederikke , Basit Saima , Persson Lisa G. , Larsen Maria O. , Lauridsen Karin H. , Lykke Jacob A. , Andersen Anita S. , Halse Karen , Thorsen‐Meyer Annette , Melbye Mads , Wohlfahrt Jan , Boyd Heather A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe defined reference ranges for maternal cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, and stroke volume measured in the third trimester of pregnancy using the Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor 1A.DesignBased on data from the prospective PEACH (PreEclampsia, Angiogenesis, Cardiac dysfunction and Hypertension) cohort study.SettingRigshospitalet and Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.SampleNormotensive pregnant women aged 18–45 years with singleton pregnancies, enrolled in the PEACH study in 2016–2018.MethodsWe modelled cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance and stroke volume as a function of gestational age using multilevel linear models with fractional polynomials.Main Outcome MeasuresUnconditional and conditional reference ranges for cardiovascular parameters measured in gestational weeks 28–40.ResultsOur study cohort included 405 healthy pregnant women who contributed 1210 cardiovascular function measurements for analysis. Maximum cardiac output and stroke volume values were measured in gestational weeks 30–32 and decreased over the third trimester, whereas systemic vascular resistance increased during the same period. We created reference ranges for eight combinations of maternal height, age and parity. We also created a simple calculator to allow for implementation of the reference ranges in clinical practice.ConclusionsOur reference ranges allow the use of a bedside ultrasound device to non‐invasively assess cardiac function in pregnancy and identify women at risk of complications. The unconditional ranges allow clinicians to evaluate isolated measurements and identify women needing follow‐up. The conditional ranges incorporate information from previous measurements and improve monitoring over time.
Population development ofRhyzopertha dominica(F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) on different stored products
Authors: Ren Yanling , Wang Tao , Wang Chun , D'Isita Ilaria , Hu Qiqi , Germinara Giacinto Salvatore , Cao Yu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe lesser grain borer,Rhyzopertha dominica, is an important pest of various stored products around the world. In this study, the development, survival, reproduction, and life table parameters ofR. dominicawere investigated on six stored products (angelica, jujube, maize, rice, soybean, and wheat). The developmental time of the immature stage ofR. dominicawas shortest on wheat (40.20 days) and longest on angelica (67.04 days). The survival rate of the immature stage was highest on wheat (76.33%) and lowest on angelica (41.00%). The fecundity level ofR. dominicawas highest on wheat (246.05 eggs/female) and lowest on angelica (69.38 eggs/female). The net reproductive rate (R0) and intrinsic rate of increase (rm) ofR. dominicadiffered significantly among the six stored products. The highestR0ofR. dominicawas on wheat (68.50), followed by rice (41.28), maize (32.32), soybean (27.17), jujube (23.16), and angelica (20.18); thermvalues showed a similar trend, with values of 0.059, 0.046, 0.042, 0.039, 0.036, and 0.033, respectively. Our results indicate that wheat was the most suitable stored product, whereas angelica was the least suitable, for the feeding, development, and population increase ofR. dominica. These findings provide basic information about the occurrence trends and characteristics ofR. dominicathat will be useful for the control of this pest on different stored products. The physicochemical properties of angelica should be further explored for potential application in the control or integrated management ofR. dominica.
Workload associated with manual assessment of vital signs as compared with continuous wireless monitoring
Authors: Sigvardt Emilie , Grønbæk Katja Kjær , Jepsen Mia Lind , Søgaard Marlene , Haahr Louise , Inácio Ana , Aasvang Eske Kvanner , Meyhoff Christian Sylvest 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundVital sign monitoring is considered an essential aspect of clinical care in hospitals. In general wards, this relies on intermittent manual assessments performed by clinical staff at intervals of up to 12 h. In recent years, continuous monitoring of vital signs has been introduced to the clinic, with improved patient outcomes being one of several potential benefits. The aim of this study was to determine the workload difference between continuous monitoring and manual monitoring of vital signs as part of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS).MethodsThree wireless sensors continuously monitored blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation in 20 patients admitted to the general hospital ward. The duration needed for equipment set‐up and maintenance for continuous monitoring in a 24‐h period was recorded and compared with the time spent on manual assessments and documentation of vital signs performed by clinical staff according to the NEWS.ResultsThe time used for continuous monitoring was 6.0 (IQR 3.2; 7.2) min per patient per day vs. 14 (9.7; 32) min per patient per day for the NEWS. Median difference in duration for monitoring of vital signs was 9.9 (95% CI 5.6; 21) min per patient per day between NEWS and continuous monitoring (p < .001). Time used for continuous monitoring in isolated patients was 6.6 (4.6; 12) min per patient per day as compared with 22 (9.7; 94) min per patient per day for NEWS.ConclusionThe use of continuous monitoring was associated with a significant reduction in workload in terms of time for monitoring as compared with manual assessment of vital signs.
SAEM GRACE: Anti‐craving medications for alcohol use disorder treatment in the emergency department: A systematic review of direct evidence
Authors: Punia Kiran , Scott William , Manuja Kriti , Sabbineni Monica , Campbell Kaitryn , Balodis Iris M. , MacKillop James 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesAlcohol‐related concerns commonly present to the emergency department (ED), with a subset of individuals experiencing the symptoms of an alcohol use disorder (AUD). As such, examining the efficacy of pharmacological anti‐craving treatment for AUD in the ED is of increasing interest. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the direct evidence assessing the efficacy of providing anti‐craving medications for AUD treatment in the ED.MethodsA systematic search was conducted according to the patient‐intervention‐control‐outcome question: (P) adults (≥18 years old) presenting to the ED with an AUD (including suspected AUD); (I) anti‐craving medications (i.e., naltrexone, acamprosate, gabapentin); (C) no prescription or placebo; (O) reduction of repeat ED visits, engagement in addiction services, reductions in heavy drinking days, reductions in any drinking and amount consumed (or abstinence), and in relapse. Two reviewers independently assessed articles for inclusion and conducted risk of bias assessments for included studies.ResultsFrom 143 potentially relevant articles, 6 met inclusion criteria: 3 clinical trials, and 3 case studies. The clinical trials identified evaluated oral versus extended‐release naltrexone, monthly extended‐release naltrexone injections, and disulfiram. Both oral and extended‐release naltrexone resulted in decreased alcohol consumption. Monthly extended‐release naltrexone injections resulted in significant improvements in drinking and quality of life. Although out of scope, the disulfiram studies identified did not result in an improvement in drinking in comparison to no medication.ConclusionsOverall, there are few studies directly examining the efficacy of anti‐craving medications for AUD in the ED, although the limited evidence that exists is supportive of naltrexone pharmacotherapy, particularly extended‐release injection formulation. Additional randomized controlled trials are necessary for substantive direct evidence on anti‐craving medication initiation in the ED.
Increased AGE–RAGE axis stress in methamphetamine abuse and methamphetamine‐induced psychosis: Associations with oxidative stress and increased atherogenicity
Authors: Al‐Hakeim Hussein Kadhem , Altufaili Mazin Fadhil , Alhaideri Amer Fadhil , Almulla Abbas F. , Moustafa Shatha Rouf , Maes Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMethamphetamine (MA)‐induced psychosis (MIP) is associated with increased oxidative toxicity (especially lipid peroxidation) and lowered antioxidant defences. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) cause oxidative stress upon ligand binding to AGE receptors (RAGEs). There is no data on whether MA use may cause AGE–RAGE stress or whether the latter is associated with MIP. This case–control study recruited 60 patients with MA use disorder and 30 normal controls and measured serum levels of oxidative stress toxicity (OSTOX, lipid peroxidation), antioxidant defences (ANTIOX), magnesium, copper, atherogenicity, AGE and soluble RAGE (sRAGE) and computed a composite reflecting AGE–RAGE axis activity. MA dependence and use were associated with elevated levels of AGE, sRAGE, OSTOX/ANTIOX, Castelli Risk Index 1 and atherogenic index of plasma. Increased sRAGE concentrations were strongly correlated with dependence severity and MA dose. Increased AGE–RAGE stress was correlated with OSTOX, OSTOX/ANTIOX and MA‐induced intoxication symptoms, psychosis, hostility, excitement and formal thought disorders. The regression on AGE–RAGE, the OSTOX/ANTIOX ratio, decreased magnesium and increased copper explained 54.8% of the variance in MIP symptoms, and these biomarkers mediated the effects of increasing MA concentrations on MIP symptoms. OSTOX/ANTIOX, AGE–RAGE and insufficient magnesium were found to explain 36.0% of the variance in the atherogenicity indices. MA causes intertwined increases in AGE–RAGE axis stress and oxidative damage, which together predict the severity of MIP symptoms and increased atherogenicity.
“to stop the earthquake”: Palestine and the Settler Colonial Logic of Fragmentation
Authors: Nabulsi Jamal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFragmentation is a key colonial strategy to which Palestinians enact resistance, evident most prominently in the 2021 Unity Intifada. In this article, I take inspiration from such Palestinian resistance to theorise fragmentation as a central logic of Zionist/Israeli settler colonialism. I make three related points. First, I employ the metaphor of the earthquake to consider the fractality of settler colonial fragmentation across the dimensions of land, time, and bodies. Second, understanding the settler colonial logic of elimination as ultimately attempting to extinguish a Palestinian Indigenous sovereignty, I argue that the logic of fragmentation drives towards elimination. Finally, I demonstrate that, in fragmenting Palestine, Zionism seeks to render Israel a coherent entity. Ultimately then, the Zionist project works to fragment Palestine to eliminate Palestinian bodies from land and time, to render Israel a seamless nation across these dimensions. However, Palestinian Indigenous sovereignty is not something that can be broken or extinguished.
Clinical implications of endotoxin activity and Polymyxin‐B hemoperfusion in critically ill patients with septic cardiomyopathy: A single‐center, retrospective, observational study
Authors: Cutuli Salvatore Lucio , Carelli Simone , Cascarano Laura , Cicconi Sandra , Silvestri Davide , Cicetti Marta , Vallecoccia Maria Sole , Pintaudi Gabriele , Tanzarella Eloisa Sofia , Grieco Domenico Luca , Antonelli Massimo , De Pascale Gennaro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the association between endotoxin activity (EA) and septic cardiomyopathy (SCM), the relationship between endotoxin removal by Polymyxin‐B hemoperfusion (PMX‐HP) and recovery from SCM (R‐SCM), and the correlation between R‐SCM and the 28‐day mortality in septic patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsObservational study that included patients admitted to two ICUs of a tertiary university hospital between April 2011 and December 2019, who received PMX‐HP for sepsis/septic shock. The SCM and R‐SCM were assessed by transthoracic echocardiography.ResultsAmong 148 patients, SCM was diagnosed in 60 (46%) of them and had no relationship with median EA (SCM group: 0.73; no‐SCM group: 0.66, p = 0.48). Recovery from SCM was observed in 24 patients (49%) and was independently associated with the PMX‐HP (OR 4.19, 95%CI [1.22, 14.3]; p = 0.02) and the SAPS2 II score (OR 0.94, 95%CI [0.9, 0.98]; p = 0.006). In the SCM group, the 28‐day mortality was 60% and was independently predicted by R‐SCM (OR 0.02, 95%CI [0.001, 0.3] p = 0.005) and SAPS II score (OR 1.11, 95%CI [1.01, 1.23] p = 0.037).ConclusionsIn septic patients, EA was not associated with SCM. However, endotoxin removal by Polymyxin‐B hemoperfusion was associated with recovery from cardiomyopathy, which was a predictor of lower 28‐day mortality.
Not realizing that you don't know: Fraction state anxiety is reduced by natural number bias
Authors: Halme Hilma , Van Hoof Jo , Hannula‐Sormunen Minna , McMullen Jake 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundResearch has shown that mathematics anxiety negatively correlates with primary school mathematics performance, including fraction knowledge. However, recently no significant correlation was found between fraction arithmetic performance and state anxiety measured after the fraction task. One possible explanation is the natural number bias (NNB), a tendency to apply natural number reasoning in fraction tasks, even when this is inappropriate. Students with the NNB may not realize they are answering incorrectly.AimsThe aim is to examine whether a misconception, namely the NNB, can influence students' fraction state anxiety.SampleThe participants were 119 fifth‐ and sixth‐grade students categorized as belonging to an NNB group (n = 60) or a No‐NNB group (n = 59), according to their NNB‐related answering profile on a fraction arithmetic task.MethodsGroup differences were examined for state anxiety and performance on a fraction and a whole number arithmetic task and self‐reported trait mathematics anxiety.ResultsThe NNB group reported lower fraction state anxiety than the No‐NNB group, but there was no significant difference in trait mathematics anxiety. Furthermore, the NNB group reported lower fraction state anxiety than whole number state anxiety, while the opposite was true for the No‐NNB group.ConclusionThe present study suggests that students' perceptions of their own performance influence their state anxiety responses, and students with a NNB may not be aware of their misconception and poor performance. Not taking into account qualitative differences in low performance, such as misconceptions, may lead to misinterpretations in state anxiety‐performance relations.
Is splenectomy a good strategy for refractory immune thrombocytopenia in adults?
Authors: Godeau Bertrand 
Published: September 2023

SummaryRituximab and thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO‐RAs) have profoundly changed the management of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) over the last 20 years. Even if most current guidelines put splenectomy, rituximab and TPO‐RAs on the same treatment level, most clinicians and patients clearly prefer to postpone splenectomy and to multiply the lines of medical treatment before considering surgery. The management of ITP refractory to rituximab and TPO‐RAs is challenging. Splenectomy is currently performed much less frequently because of a better knowledge of its complications, particularly severe late infections and deep vein thrombosis, and the inability to reliably predict its effectiveness. Furthermore, there is a reluctance to propose splenectomy when other treatments have been ineffective, based on the not well‐documented risk that splenectomy could not be effective in such a case. The objective of this update was to review the most recent published data on the long‐term tolerability and side effects of splenectomy and the predictors of response and efficacy, especially for patients exposed to multiple medical lines. This update can help physicians and patients with failure of multiple lines of therapy make an informed decision on the indication for splenectomy with the help of up‐to‐date data.
The role of genetics in refractory immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Zehnder James L. , Bussel James B. , Cooper Nichola 
Published: September 2023

SummaryPatients with refractory immune thrombocytopenia (rITP) have increased morbidity and mortality. Currently, there is limited understanding of the cause of refractoriness and no markers to help direct novel treatment options. Understanding the reason(s) for refractoriness is crucial to determining novel treatment options. The pathogenesis underlying rITP has generally been thought to be an underlying genetic predisposition with an environmental trigger. Familial ITP remains rare, and there are few twin studies, suggesting that a simple genetic cause is unlikely. However, genetic mutations provide the background for several autoimmune diseases. In this review, we explore the evidence of either an inherited genetic cause of rITP or an acquired mutation, in particular one resulting in clonal expansion of cytotoxic T cells.
Pharmacological inhibition of S6K1 rescues synaptic deficits and attenuates seizures and depression in chronic epileptic rats
Authors: Zhang Yuying , Cheng Xiaojuan , Wu Luyan , Li Juan , Liu Changyun , Wei Mingjia , Zhu Chaofeng , Huang Huapin , Lin Wanhui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have shown that mTOR signaling plays an important role in synaptic plasticity. However, the function of S6K1, the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1 (mTORC1) substrate, in epilepsy remains unknown.AimsOur present study aimed to explore the mechanism by which S6K1 is involved in chronic epilepsy.MethodsFirst, immunostaining was used to measure neurite length and complexity in kainic acid (KA)‐treated primary cultured neurons treated with PF‐4708671, a highly selective S6K1 inhibitor. We obtained evidence for the role of S6K1 in protecting and promoting neuronal growth and development in vitro. Next, to explore the function and mechanism of the S6K1 inhibitor in epilepsy, a pilocarpine‐induced chronic epileptic rat model was established. In vivo electrophysiology (including local field potentiation in CA1 and long‐term potentiation), depression/anxiety‐like behavior tests, and Golgi staining were performed to assess seizure behavior, power spectral density, depression/anxiety‐like behavior, and synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, western blotting was applied to explore the potential molecular mechanisms.ResultsWe found that inhibition of S6K1 expression significantly decreased seizures and depression‐like behavior and restored power at low frequencies (1–80 Hz), especially in the delta, theta, and alpha bands, in chronic epileptic rats. In addition, PF‐4708671 reversed the LTP defect in hippocampal CA3–CA1 and corrected spine loss and dendritic pathology.ConclusionIn conclusion, our data suggest that inhibition of S6K1 attenuates seizures and depression in chronic epileptic rats via the rescue of synaptic structural and functional deficits. Given the wide range of physiological functions of mTOR, inhibition of its effective but relatively simple functional downstream molecules is a promising target for the development of drugs for epilepsy.