bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal function estimating equations performance during pregnancy and postpartum
Authors: Zaghloul Dina E. , Ryu Rachel , Kestenbaum Bryan , Smith Chase , Fay Emily , Hebert Mary F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStudy ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of renal function estimating equations compared to measured creatinine clearance (CrCl) during pregnancy and postpartum and to evaluate which body weight (pre‐pregnancy weight (PPW), actual body weight (ABW), and ideal body weight (IBW)) provides the best performance.DesignA retrospective study.SettingCollections tookplace in the University of Washington clinical research unit.PatientsWomen (n = 166) who completed ≥1 pharmacokinetic (PK) study with a 6–24 h measured CrCl during pregnancy and/or ≥3 months postpartum were included.InterventionCrCl was estimated utilizing estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and CrCl equations with common weight descriptors. Analyses included Bland–Altman, relative accuracies within 10% and 25%, and root mean squared error (RMSE). Overall performance was determined by summation of rank for evaluation parameters.Measurements and Main ResultsDuring pregnancy, correlations between measured CrCl and estimated CrCl were between 0.5–0.8; equations with slopes closest to one were Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD2; PPW and ABW) and Cockcroft‐Gault (CG) (PPW); and y‐intercept closest to zero was Preeclampsia Glomerular Filtration Rate (PGFR). The lowest bias was seen with CG (ABW), and the highest accuracy within 25% was CG (ABW). CG (PPW) had the lowest RMSE. Postpartum, the best correlation was found with MDRD2 (PPW), Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD–EPI (ABW)), and CKD–EPI 2021 (PPW). For slopes closest to one, MDRD2 (ABW) was best, whereas the equation with y‐intercept closest to zero was CKD–EPI (ABW). CG (PPW) had the highest accuracy within 25%, and 100/serum creatinine (SCr) had the lowest bias. Based on overall performance, CG (PPW) was the best followed by CG (ABW) and PGFR during pregnancy and 100/SCr followed by CG (PPW) and CG (ABW) postpartum.ConclusionThe new CKD–EPI 2021 equation did not perform well during pregnancy. When 24‐h CrCls are not available during pregnancy, CG (PPW or ABW) performed the best overall, whereas at 3 months postpartum, 100/SCr performed the best overall.
Insights into photo‐induced excited state intramolecular proton transfer behavior for the novel 2‐([1, 1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl)‐3‐hydroxy‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one system: Effects of solvent polarity
Authors: Dong Hao , Li Xiaoxiao , Zhao Shulin , Zhao Jinfeng , Jin Bing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the light of potential applications for detecting cysteine in vitro and in vivo, 2‐([1, 1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl)‐3‐hydroxy‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one (B‐bph‐fla‐OH) is explored about its excited state behaviors. Solvent‐polarity‐related photo‐induced hydrogen bond of B‐bph‐fla‐OH indicates nonpolar aprotic solvents largely enhance S1‐state hydrogen bonding interactions. Charge reorganization stemming from photoexcitation and polarity‐dependent energy gap between HOMO and LUMO orbitals further reveals the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) tendency. Insights into potential energy curves along ESIPT paths in solvents with different polarities and emission spectral behaviors of proton‐transfer tautomer, we present solvent polarity could harness the excited state behaviors for B‐bph‐fla‐OH system.
Cross‐cultural translation and adaptation of the Danish version of the brief version of the 10‐item Big Five Inventory
Authors: Palsson Thorvaldur Skuli , Skou Søren Thorgaard , Pape Morten Haugaard , Hirata Rogerio Pessoto , Rafn Trine , Bellosta‐López Pablo , Christensen Steffan Wittrup McPhee 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPersonality traits are associated with pain‐related beliefs and coping strategies, and different chronic conditions are linked through specific personality profiles. This highlights the importance of having valid and reliable measures of personality traits for use in clinical and research settings when assessing patients in chronic pain.PurposeTo translate and cross‐culturally adapt the 10‐item Big Five Inventory (BFI‐10) into Danish.MethodsA bilingual expert panel (N = 4) and a panel of laymen (N = 8) translated and culturally adapted the questionnaire into Danish. Face validity was evaluated in a group of persons suffering from recurring or ongoing painful conditions (N = 9). Data were collected to evaluate the internal consistency, test–retest reliability and factor structure (N = 96).ResultsSome of the participants in the lay panel considered the questionnaire too short, considering its aim of assessing personality. Acceptable internal consistency was found for two out of five subscales (0.78 for both Extraversion and Neuroticism), while the internal consistency was non‐acceptable for the remaining subscales (0.17–0.45). Test–retest reliability was acceptable for three subscales (0.80 for Neuroticism, 0.84 for Conscientiousness, and 0.85 for Extraversion). Assumptions for determining the factor structure were not met and therefore was this analysis omitted.DiscussionAlthough face valid, only two out of five subscales had acceptable internal consistency and only three subscales had acceptable test–retest reliability. These findings indicate that interpreting findings regarding personality using the Danish BFI‐10 should be done with caution.
Estimating cardiopulmonary fitness with a new sampling technology in patients with rheumatoid arthritis‐associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Deucher Rafael Alexandre de Oliveira , Reis Luis Felipe da Fonseca , Papathanasiou Jannis Vasileios , Azevedo Beatriz Luiza Pinheiro Alves , Oliveira Jéssica Gabriela Messias , da Silva Matheus Mello , de Sales Rayanne Costa , dos Santos Beatriz Pereira , Ferreira Arthur de Sá , Lopes Agnaldo José 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) is one of the most important measures in clinical practice, the high cost and time consumption have led to the search for simpler devices and the development of the estimating cardiopulmonary fitness (eCPF) equation. Since the lungs are one of the sites most affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), this study aimed to create a predictive equation for VO2peak obtained by simple sampling technology in women with RA‐associated interstitial lung disease (RA‐ILD).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study evaluated 47 women with RA‐ILD. The participants underwent the following evaluations: computed tomography (CT); evaluation of disease activity through the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI); measurement of physical function using the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index (HAQ‐DI); pulmonary function testing, including spirometry, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DlCO), nitrogen single‐breath washout (N2SBW) test, and impulse oscillometry; and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) using FitMate™.ResultsVO2peak was correlated with age (r = −0.550, p < 0.0001), rheumatoid factor (r = −0.443, p = 0.002), anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (r = −0.410, p = 0.004), CDAI (r = −0.462, p = 0.001), HAD‐DI (r = −0.486, p = 0.0005), forced vital capacity (r = 0.491, p = 0.0004), DlCO (r = 0.621, p < 0.0001), phase III slope of N2SBW (r = −0.647, p < 0.0001), resonance frequency (Fres, r = −0.717, p < 0.0001), integrated low‐frequency reactance (r = −0.535, p = 0.0001), and the inhomogeneity of respiratory system resistance between 4 and 20 Hz (r = −0.631, p < 0.0001). In the CT examination, patients with extensive ILD had significantly lower VO2peak than patients with limited ILD (p < 0.0001). In the stepwise forward regression analysis, Fres, DlCO and age explained 61% of the VO2peak variability.ConclusionsAs assessed by CPET, women with RA‐ILD show reduced cardiopulmonary fitness, which can be explained at least in part by the presence of small airway disease, deterioration of pulmonary gas exchange, and advanced age. These associations of pulmonary variables with eCPF may be clinically important and support the use of the eCPF equation to improve patient outcomes.
Not going out during the Covid‐19 pandemic? A multilevel geographical analysis of UK Google Mobility Reports, February 2020–December 2021
Authors: Shuttleworth Ian , Gould Myles 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe analysis reported in this paper uses Google Mobility Reports to understand subnational trends in population spatial immobility/mobility in the United Kingdom during 2020 and 2021. Using multilevel modelling, it analyses how spatial mobility changed through time in response to the strictness of government lockdown and the annual seasonal cycle of public holidays, and between places in terms of their population composition as measured by the shares of the highly‐educationally qualified and the self‐employed. The results show that there are no consistent differences between the nations of the United Kingdom; that time spent at home increased with the severity of lockdown; that the share of highly qualified was also a good predictor of staying at home; and that there were major effects from public holidays. The analysis did not explain all the variation between places and dates; it is suggested that this is because of randomisation of the data by Google and unmodelled factors such as tiered restrictions.
Recent insights into the hepatoprotective potential of medicinal plants and plant‐derived compounds
Authors: Thilagavathi Ramasamy , Begum S. Sameema , Varatharaj Sowfika Dharshini , Balasubramaniam Arun kumar , George Joselin Susan , Selvam Chelliah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLiver problems are a worldwide concern, and conventional medicinal therapies are ineffective. Hence, safeguarding the healthy liver is vital for good health and well‐being. Infections due to virus, immune problems, cancer, alcohol abuse, and an overdose of drugs are some of the causes of liver diseases. Antioxidants derived from medicinal plants and conventional dietary sources can protect the liver from damages caused by oxidative stress system and various chemicals. Plants and plant‐derived phytochemicals are appealing hepatoprotective agents since they have less side effects and still there is a lot of interest shown in using herbal tonics for treating liver disorders. This review therefore primarily focuses on newly discovered medicinal plants and compounds produced from plants that fall under the classifications of flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenolics, sterols, anthocyanins, and saponin glycosides, all of which have the potential to be hepatoprotective. Hosta plantaginea, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Daniella oliveri, Garcinia mangostana, Solanum melongena, Vaccinium myrtillus, Picrorhiza kurroa, and Citrus medica are some potential plants having hepatoprotective effects. We conclude that these phytochemicals and the plant extracts listed above are used in the future to treat a variety of liver diseases, additional research is still needed to develop safer and more potent phytochemical drugs.
The association between pulmonary artery enlargement and mortality in an Emergency Department population undergoing computed tomography pulmonary angiography
Authors: Scarpato Brittany M. , Locke Brian W. , Bledsoe Joseph , Knox Daniel B. , Conner Karen , Stoddard Gregory J. , Cirulis Meghan M. , Elliott Charles Gregory , Dodson Mark W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFindings of an enlarged pulmonary artery diameter (PAd) and increased pulmonary artery to ascending aorta ratio (PA:AA) on contrast‐enhanced computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) are associated with increased mortality in particular groups of patients with cardiopulmonary disease. However, the frequency and prognostic significance of these incidental findings has not been studied in unselected patients evaluated in the Emergency Department (ED). This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated prognosis of enlarged pulmonary artery measurements in an ED cohort. We measured PA and AA diameters on 990 CTPA studies performed in the ED. An enlarged PA diameter was defined as >27 mm in females and >29 mm in males, while an increased PA:AA was defined as >0.9. Poisson regression was performed to calculate prevalence ratios for relevant comorbidities, and multivariable Cox regression was performed to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for mortality of patients with enlarged pulmonary artery measurements. An enlarged PAd was observed in 27.9% of 990 patients and was more commonly observed in older patients and in patients with obesity or heart failure. Conversely, PA:AA was increased in 34.2% of subjects, and was more common in younger patients and those with peripheral vascular disease or obesity. After controlling for age, sex, and comorbidities, both enlarged PAd (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.00–1.68, p = 0.05) and PA:AA (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.31–2.22 p < 0.01) were independently associated with mortality. In sum, enlarged PAd and increased PA:AA are common in patients undergoing CTPAs in the ED setting and both are independently associated with mortality.
How agricultural technologies and climatic factors affect India's crop production? A roadmap towards sustainable agriculture
Authors: Baig Imran Ali , Irfan Muhammad , Aarif Mohammad , Husain Shah , Sulaiman Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aims to explore the long‐term (LT) and short‐term (ST) effects of meteorological factors and technological advancement on major crop production, that is, wheat, and rice, in India from 1990 to 2020. For this purpose, the authors also used other important controlled variables, that is, agriculture employment (AE), agricultural credit (AC), and cultivated land (AUR/AUW). For the estimation of data series, the study employed robust econometric techniques, such as the ARDL, FMOLS, and CCR framework. Empirical results reveal the long‐term relationship among meteorological factors, agricultural technologies, and major crop production (wheat and rice). In the case of meteorological factors, rainfall (RF) and carbon emission (CO2) have a positive and negative impact on wheat and rice production, while the mean temperature is negatively related to rice production and positively related to wheat production. Whereas agricultural technologies, such as fertilizer usage and farm machinery, improve wheat and rice crop production. The long‐term (LT) estimated findings are confirmed by econometric techniques such as FMOLS and CCR. The government should adopt necessary measures to achieve sustainable production and develop resilient hybrid seeds of rice and wheat that are well‐suited to agro‐climatic conditions in order to mitigate environmental degradation.
Bridging the gap between mathematical optimization and structural engineering: Design, experiments and numerical simulation of optimized concrete girders
Authors: Pressmair Nadine , Xia Yi , Wu Hongfei , Langelaar Matthijs , Hendriks Max A. N. , Majdouba Ahmad , Mogra Mihir , Grisaro Hezi , Amir Oded , Kromoser Benjamin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractConcrete, as the most widely used construction material, is associated with a high environmental impact. Within the present study, structural optimization is the method of choice to counter this issue. The entire process, from optimization, to design, experiments and numerical simulation is outlined. Embedded in the framework of a design competition (Concrete Girder Optimization Competition 2021), a bridge between structural engineering and mathematical optimization is demonstrated. Two design concepts for optimized concrete girders, one with internal and one with external reinforcement, yet both based on strut‐and‐tie modeling, were investigated. Within the boundaries of the competition, several conclusions can be drawn: The results indicate the importance of an adequate structural interpretation of topology optimization results to obtain satisfying structural performance. The environmental evaluation outlines that the reinforcement mass has a substantial share in the total Global Warming Potential. A successful numerical re‐simulation of selected girders can serve as a modeling base for other researchers. Compared to a conventionally designed girder an increase in resource efficiency, measured by load‐carrying capacity versus environmental impact, of more than 30% was achieved.
HDAC2 exacerbates rheumatoid arthritis progression via the IL‐17‐CCL7 signaling pathway
Authors: Mao Dong , Jiang Hong , Zhang Fei , Yang Haoyu , Fang Xiaodong , Zhang Qian , Zhao Gang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHistone deacetylases (HDACs) have been reported to regulate the immune response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The current study aimed to explore key HDACs and their molecular mechanism in RA. First, the expression of HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC8 in RA synovial tissue was determined by qRT‐PCR. The effects of HDAC2 on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) in vitro were studied. Furthermore, collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) rat models were established to evaluate the severity of arthritis in joints, and the levels of inflammatory factors were examined by immunohistochemistry staining, ELISA, and qRT‐PCR. Transcriptome sequencing was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with HDAC2 silencing in the synovial tissue of CIA rat, and downstream signaling pathways were predicted by enrichment analysis. The results showed that HDAC2 was highly expressed in the synovial tissue of RA patients and CIA rats. Overexpressed HDAC2 promoted FLS proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibited FLS apoptosis in vitro, resulting in secretion of inflammatory factors and RA exacerbation in vivo. There were 176 DEGs, including 57 downregulated and 119 upregulated genes, after silencing HDAC2 in CIA rats. DEGs were primarily enriched in Platinum drug resistance, IL‐17 as well as the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathways. CCL7, which was implicated in the IL‐17 signaling pathway, was downregulated after HDAC2 silencing. Furthermore, CCL7 overexpression aggravated the development of RA, which was demonstrated to be effectively attenuated by HDAC2 suppression. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that HDAC2 exacerbated the progression of RA by regulating the IL‐17‐CCL7 signaling pathway, suggesting that HDAC2 may be a promising therapeutic target for RA treatment.
Leveraging Lesson Study for Disciplinary Literacy: Studying and Planning for Scientific Modeling
Authors: Chandler‐Olcott Kelly , Dotger Sharon 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTThis paper argues that the plan and study phases of lesson study are productive in helping educators with varied expertise and experience to explore scientific practices like modeling with ties to disciplinary literacy. Points are illustrated with data from a lesson‐study cycle in science that two university‐based teacher educators, one in literacy education and one in science education, conducted with colleagues from a nearby school district. The paper describes lesson study; outlines the role of scientific practices, including modeling, in the Next Generation Science Standards; and describes the context for the work, including the unit explored by the team. Recommendations about how to leverage the plan and study phases of lesson study for disciplinary literacy are offered, along with suggestions for getting started with such work.
Cerebroplacental hemodynamics in fetuses with transposition of the great arteries and usefulness in predicting neonatal condition
Authors: Grzyb A. , Szymkiewicz‐Dangel J. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesLiterature on cerebroplacental hemodynamics in fetuses with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is scarce and provides conflicting results regarding the presence of a brain‐sparing effect. The aims of this study were to examine Doppler parameters in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and umbilical artery (UA) in a large cohort of fetuses with TGA, and to assess their possible utility in predicting the need for urgent balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) in the neonate.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study of fetuses diagnosed with TGA between 2008 and 2022 and an age‐matched cohort of normal fetuses, conducted in a single tertiary fetal cardiology center. Medical records and echocardiographic examinations were reviewed to collect demographic, sonographic and follow‐up data. Selected Doppler parameters were compared between fetuses with TGA and normal fetuses, as well as between TGA fetuses with and those without an associated ventricular septal defect (VSD), to assess the impact of this congenital heart defect on cerebroplacental circulation. Additionally, Doppler indices in patients with a restrictive foramen ovale (FO) were analyzed to identify potential predictors of the need for urgent BAS.ResultsA total of 541 examinations of 159 fetuses with TGA performed between 19 and 40 weeks' gestation and 1300 examinations of 1215 age‐matched normal fetuses were included in the study. MCA pulsatility index (PI) and UA‐PI followed expected trends throughout pregnancy, with slightly higher values observed in TGA fetuses, albeit within the limits for the normal population. Cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) values were similar in normal and TGA fetuses. The presence of a small VSD did not have a clinically significant impact on Doppler parameters. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the MCA increased gradually after 35 weeks' gestation, especially in fetuses that did not develop restriction of the FO after birth. MCA‐PSV values below 1.16 multiples of the median measured at 38 weeks or later predicted the need for urgent BAS with 81.4% sensitivity and 52.4% specificity.ConclusionsMCA‐PI, UA‐PI and CPR values in fetuses with TGA usually fall within normal limits throughout pregnancy. The presence of a small VSD does not affect the Doppler parameters significantly. MCA‐PSV increases in TGA fetuses after 35 weeks, and its value measured at the last prenatal examination (ideally after 37 weeks) may serve as an additional predictive factor for the need for urgent BAS. © 2023 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.