bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of the first dose COVID-19 booster vs. full vaccination to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 clinical event: a meta-analysis and systematic review of longitudinal studies
Authors: Xu Junjie , Lan Xinquan , Zhang Liangyuan , Zhang Xiangjun , Zhang Jiaqi , Song Moxin , Liu Jiaye 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe effectiveness of full Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination against COVID-19 wanes over time. This study aimed to synthesize the clinical effectiveness of the first dose of COVID-19 booster by comparing it to the full vaccination.MethodsStudies in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and clinical trials databases were searched from 1 January 2021 to 10 September 2022. Studies were eligible if they comprised general adult participants who were not ever or currently infected with SARS-CoV-2, did not have impaired immunity or immunosuppression, and did not have severe diseases. The seroconversion rate of antibodies to S and S subunits and antibody titers of SARS-CoV-2, frequency, phenotype of specific T and B cells, and clinical events involving confirmed infection, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), and death were compared between the first booster dose of COVID-19 vaccination group and full vaccination group. The DerSimonian and Laird random effects models were used to estimate the pooled risk ratios (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the outcomes of clinical interest. While a qualitative description was mainly used to compare the immunogenicity between the first booster dose of COVID-19 vaccination group and full vaccination group. Sensitivity analysis was used to deal with heterogenicity.ResultsOf the 10,173 records identified, 10 studies were included for analysis. The first dose COVID-19 booster vaccine could induce higher seroconversion rates of antibodies against various SAS-CoV-2 fragments, higher neutralization antibody titers against various SARS-CoV-2 variants, and robust cellular immune response compared to the full vaccination. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the risk of admission to the ICU, and the risk of death were all higher in the non-booster group than those in the booster group, with RRs of 9.45 (95% CI 3.22–27.79; total evaluated population 12,422,454 vs. 8,441,368; I2 = 100%), 14.75 (95% CI 4.07–53.46; total evaluated population 12,048,224 vs. 7,291,644; I2 = 91%), and 13.63 (95% CI 4.72–39.36; total evaluated population 12,385,960 vs. 8,297,037; I2 = 85%), respectively.ConclusionA homogenous or heterogeneous booster COVID-19 vaccination could elicit strong humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, it could significantly reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 clinical events on top of two doses. Future studies are needed to investigate the long-term clinical effectiveness of the first booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine and compare the effectiveness between homogenous and heterogeneous booster COVID-19 vaccination.Systematic review registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-11-0114/, identifier: INPLASY2022110114.
Machine learning to analyze the factors influencing myopia in students of different school periods
Authors: Tong Hao-Jie , Huang Ze-Min , Li Yu-Lan , Chen Yi-Ming , Tian Ben , Ding Ling-Ling , Zhu Li-Ling 
Published: June 2023

PurposeWe aim to develop myopia classification models based on machine learning algorithms for each schooling period, and further analyze the similarities and differences in the factors influencing myopia in each school period based on each model.DesignRetrospective cross-sectional study.ParticipantsWe collected visual acuity, behavioral, environmental, and genetic data from 7,472 students in 21 primary and secondary schools (grades 1–12) in Jiamusi, Heilongjiang Province, using visual acuity screening and questionnaires.MethodsMachine learning algorithms were used to construct myopia classification models for students at the whole schooling period, primary school, junior high school, and senior high school period, and to rank the importance of features in each model.ResultsThe main influencing factors for students differ by school section, The optimal machine learning model for the whole schooling period was Random Forest (AUC = 0.752), with the top three influencing factors being age, myopic grade of the mother, and Whether myopia requires glasses. The optimal model for the primary school period was a Random Forest (AUC = 0.710), with the top three influences being the myopic grade of the mother, age, and extracurricular tutorials weekly. The Junior high school period was an Support Vector Machine (SVM; AUC = 0.672), and the top three influencing factors were gender, extracurricular tutorial subjects weekly, and whether can you do the “three ones” when reading and writing. The senior high school period was an XGboost (AUC = 0.722), and the top three influencing factors were the need for spectacles for myopia, average daily time spent outdoors, and the myopic grade of the mother.ConclusionFactors such as genetics and eye use behavior all play an essential role in students’ myopia, but there are differences between school periods, with those in the lower levels focusing on genetics and those in the higher levels focusing on behavior, but both play an essential role in myopia.
Recruitment and reach in a school-based pediatric obesity intervention trial in rural areas
Authors: Forseth Bethany , Lancaster Brittany , Olalde Megan , Befort Christie A. , Swinburne Romine Rebecca E. , Dreyer Gillette Meredith L. , Dean Kelsey M. , Nelson Eve-Lynn , Davis Ann M. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe purpose of this study is to evaluate two recruitment strategies on schools and participant participation rates and representativeness (reach) within a pediatric obesity treatment trial tailored for families who live in rural areas.MethodsRecruitment of schools was evaluated based on their progress toward enrolling participants. Recruitment and reach of participants were evaluated using (1) participation rates and (2) representativeness of demographics and weight status of participants compared to eligible participants (who did not consent and enroll) and all students (regardless of eligibility). School recruitment, as well as participant recruitment and reach, were evaluated across recruitment methods comparing opt-in (i.e., caregivers agreed to allow their child to be screened for eligibility) vs. screen-first (i.e., all children screened for eligibility).ResultsOf the 395 schools contacted, 34 schools (8.6%) expressed initial interest; of these, 27 (79%) proceeded to recruit participants, and 18 (53%) ultimately participated in the program. Of schools who initiated recruitment, 75% of schools using the opt-in method and 60% of schools using the screen-first method continued participation and were able to recruit a sufficient number of participants. The average participation rate (number of enrolled individuals divided by those who were eligible) from all 18 schools was 21.6%. This percentage was higher in schools using the screen-first method (average of 29.7%) compared to schools using the opt-in method (13.5%). Study participants were representative of the student population based on sex (female), race (White), and eligibility for free and reduced-price lunch. Study participants had higher body mass index (BMI) metrics (BMI, BMIz, and BMI%) than eligible non-participants.ConclusionsSchools using the opt-in recruitment were more likely to enroll at least 5 families and administer the intervention. However, the participation rate was higher in screen-first schools. The overall study sample was representative of the school demographics.
Machine learning for underwater laser detection and differentiation of macroalgae and coral
Authors: Huot Matthieu , Dalgleish Fraser , Beauchesne David , Piché Michel , Archambault Philippe 
Published: June 2023

A better understanding of how spatial distribution patterns in important primary producers and ecosystem service providers such as macroalgae and coral are affected by climate-change and human activity-related events can guide us in anticipating future community and ecosystem response. In-person underwater field surveys are essential in capturing fine and/or subtle details but are rarely simple to orchestrate over large spatial scale (e.g., hundreds of km). In this work, we develop an automated spectral classifier for detection and classification of various macroalgae and coral species through a spectral response dataset acquired in a controlled setting and via an underwater multispectral laser serial imager. Transferable to underwater lidar detection and imaging methods, laser line scanning is known to perform in various types of water in which normal photography and/or video methods may be affected by water optical properties. Using off the shelf components, we show how reflectance and fluorescence responses can be useful in differentiating algal color groups and certain coral genera. Results indicate that while macroalgae show many different genera and species for which differentiation by their spectral response alone would be difficult, it can be reduced to a three color-type/class spectral response problem. Our results suggest that the three algal color groups may be differentiated by their fluorescence response at 580 nm and 685 nm using common 450 nm, 490 nm and 520 nm laser sources, and potentially a subset of these spectral bands would show similar accuracy. There are however classification errors between green and brown types, as they both depend on Chl-a fluorescence response. Comparatively, corals are also very diverse in genera and species, and reveal possible differentiable spectral responses between genera, form (i.e., soft vs. hard), partly related to their emission in the 685 nm range and other shorter wavelengths. Moreover, overlapping substrates and irregular edges are shown to contribute to classification error. As macroalgae are represented worldwide and share similar photopigment assemblages within respective color classes, inter color-class differentiability would apply irrespective of their provenance. The same principle applies to corals, where excitation-emission characteristics should be unchanged from experimental response when investigated in-situ.
Evaluation of different methods of environmental enrichment to control anxiety in dogs undergoing hemilaminectomy after acute intervertebral disc extrusion: a randomized double-blinded study
Authors: Pennington Ellery , Springer Cary , Albright Julia , Castel Aude 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThe goal of this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the effect of environmental enrichment (EE) on post-operative pain and anxiety in dogs following hemilaminectomy for acute intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE).MethodsTwenty healthy client-owned dogs undergoing a hemilaminectomy for IVDE with the same immediate post-operative analgesia protocol were randomly assigned to either the EE or standard environment (SE) group post-operatively. Recovery was achieved in an intensive care room (SE) or a separate quiet room (EE) equipped with white noise and classical music. EE dogs were also exposed to dog-appeasing pheromones, essential oil scents, and positive human interactions and were provided meals through food toys. A blinded evaluator assessed all dogs using the modified Glasgow Composite Pain Scale (mGCPS) on presentation and at several time points post-operatively. A rescue injection of the opioid methadone was given to the dogs with an mGCPS score of ≥5/20. Dogs received the antidepressant trazodone when anxious behaviors (5 mg/kg) were observed. The mGCPS scores, the latencies to receive the first methadone and trazodone doses and to eat the first meal, the number of methadone and trazodone doses, and the number of meals ingested in the first 24 and 48 h post-surgery were compared using Wilcoxon tests, and Benjamini–Hochberg correction for false discovery rate was applied.ResultsAlthough median mGCPS scores did not differ between the groups, compared to SE dogs (n = 10), EE dogs (n = 6) received trazodone earlier (p = 0.019), were administered fewer methadone injections at 24 h (p = 0.043), and ate more at 48 h post-surgery (p = 0.007). Therefore, EE and anti-anxiety medications could be beneficial in improving the wellbeing of dogs post-operatively.
Minimum Dietary Diversity Among Children Aged 6–59 Months in East Africa Countries: A Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Raru Temam Beshir , Merga Bedasa Taye , Mulatu Gutema , Deressa Alemayehu , Birhanu Abdi , Negash Belay , Gamachu Mulugeta , Regassa Lemma Demissie , Ayana Galana Mamo , Roba Kedir Teji 
Published: June 2023

Objective: To find out the determinants of minimum dietary diversity (MDD) among under-five children in East Africa based on the 2017 revised indicator.Methods: Secondary data from the demographic and health survey (DHS) of eight countries in East Africa were combined. A total of 27,223 weighted samples of children aged 6–59 months were included. Multi-level logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the determinants of dietary diversity.Results: The magnitude of adequate MDD in East Africa was found to be 10.47% with 95% CI (10.12–10.84) with the lowest and highest magnitude in Ethiopia and Rwanda respectively. Having a mother in the age group of 35–49, having a mother with higher educational attainment, and having a post-natal check-up within 2 months were significant factors in determining adequate MDD.Conclusion: The magnitude of adequate MDD intake among children aged 6–59 months in East Africa is relatively low. Therefore, strengthening interventions focused on improving the economic status of households, the educational status of mothers, and diversified food consumption of children aged 6–59 months should get priority to improve the recommended feeding practice of children.
The Glutathione System: A Journey from Cyanobacteria to Higher Eukaryotes
Authors: Cassier-Chauvat Corinne , Marceau Fanny , Farci Sandrine , Ouchane Soufian , Chauvat Franck 
Published: June 2023

From bacteria to plants and humans, the glutathione system plays a pleiotropic role in cell defense against metabolic, oxidative and metal stresses. Glutathione (GSH), the γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine nucleophile tri-peptide, is the central player of this system that acts in redox homeostasis, detoxification and iron metabolism in most living organisms. GSH directly scavenges diverse reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide and carbon radicals. It also serves as a cofactor for various enzymes, such as glutaredoxins (Grxs), glutathione peroxidases (Gpxs), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), which play crucial roles in cell detoxication. This review summarizes what is known concerning the GSH-system (GSH, GSH-derived metabolites and GSH-dependent enzymes) in selected model organisms (Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Arabidopsis thaliana and human), emphasizing cyanobacteria for the following reasons. Cyanobacteria are environmentally crucial and biotechnologically important organisms that are regarded as having evolved photosynthesis and the GSH system to protect themselves against the ROS produced by their active photoautotrophic metabolism. Furthermore, cyanobacteria synthesize the GSH-derived metabolites, ergothioneine and phytochelatin, that play crucial roles in cell detoxication in humans and plants, respectively. Cyanobacteria also synthesize the thiol-less GSH homologs ophthalmate and norophthalmate that serve as biomarkers of various diseases in humans. Hence, cyanobacteria are well-suited to thoroughly analyze the role/specificity/redundancy of the players of the GSH-system using a genetic approach (deletion/overproduction) that is hardly feasible with other model organisms (E. coli and S. cerevisiae do not synthesize ergothioneine, while plants and humans acquire it from their soil and their diet, respectively).
Design Optimization of Counter-Flow Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger Using Hybrid Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Venkatesh B. , Khan Mudassir , Alabduallah Bayan , Kiran Ajmeera , Babu J. Chinna , Bhargavi B. , Alhayan Fatimah 
Published: June 2023

Double-pipe counter-flow heat exchangers are considered more suitable for heat recovery in the heat transfer industry. Numerous studies have been conducted to develop static tools for optimizing operating parameters of heat exchangers. Using this study, an improved heat exchanger system will be developed. This is frequently used to solve optimization problems and find optimal solutions. The Taguchi method determines the critical factor affecting a specific performance parameter of the heat exchanger by identifying the significant level of the factor affecting that parameter. Gray relational analysis was adopted to determine the gray relational grade to represent the multi-factor optimization model, and the heat exchanger gray relation coefficient target values that were predicted have been achieved using ANN with a back propagation model with the Levenberg–Marquardt drive algorithm. The genetic algorithm improved the accuracy of the gray relational grade by assigning gray relational coefficient values as input to the developed effective parameter. This study also demonstrated significant differences between experimental and estimated values. According to the results, selecting the parameters yielded optimal heat exchanger performance. Using a genetic algorithm to solve a double-pipe heat exchanger with counterflow can produce the most efficient heat exchanger.
Análise epidemiológica do perfil clínico de pacientes com Hérnia Encarcerada no Hospital Regional da Ceilândia no Distrito Federal
Authors: Grigorio Matheus Amorim , Duarte Aline de Amorim , Da Silva Johnatan Reis , E Silva Esther Soneghet Baiocco , Bosse Layanne , De Oliveira Vanessa Siqueira Batista , Vieira Ana Beatriz Sales , Resende Maria Jeane Veras , Franco Ana Luiza de Oliveira , De Oliveira Sintia Gontijo , Menezes Brenna Araújo Friderichs , Silva Paula Teixeira 
Published: June 2023

FUNDO: O paciente com o quadro de hérnia inguinal encarcerada está em um estágio de urgência, necessitando de um procedimento cirúrgico de emergência. Buscando avaliar esse quadro, para entender o perfil clínico, para fomentar uma análise clínico-epidemiológica, analisando as variáveis importantes nesse tipo de paciente, definir os fatores de risco e quadros mais comumente encontrados. Se faz necessário também abordar os achados intraoperatórios, complicações e tempo pós-operatório. Assim, poderiam ser tomadas mudanças em relação às condições encontradas, que podem mudar o desfecho clínico de muitos pacientes. MÉTODOS: Um estudo observacional qualitativa descritiva, com 40 pacientes com o quadro clínico de hérnia encarcerada, todos os pacientes foram submetidos a hernioplastia. Seguindo a mesma técnica cirúrgica. O desfecho primário foi que apenas os pacientes com comorbidades/fatores de risco apresentaram complicações e o segundo desfecho foi que os pacientes submetidos ao procedimento cirúrgico não chegaram a óbito. RESULTADOS: Após o acompanhamento de quadros semelhantes por 12 meses. O primeiro desfecho, foi possível observar que os pacientes com comorbidades/fatores de risco anteriores, 35 (87,5%) dos 40 selecionados, possuíam os quadros de: 14 (35%) pacientes com quadro de obesidade, os 7 (17,5%) eram tabagistas crônicos e 14 (35%) dos pacientes possuíam quadro de tenesmo prévio e 5 pacientes não possuíam fatores de risco. Dentro das comorbidades, 1 paciente possuía síndrome de Down, 3 paciente apresentava cirrose hepática, 8 com hipertensão arterial sistêmica, sendo que 5 eram definidos como de difícil controle, 4 com diabetes mellitus, 6 pacientes com diverticulose anterior e 6 com constipação crônica. O desfecho secundário aconteceu com 40 pacientes, já que todos do grupo foram operados em caráter de urgência, ademais os pacientes que não são submetidos ao procedimento cirúrgico vão a óbito. CONCLUSÕES: Conclui-se que os 5 pacientes que não apresentavam comorbidades/fatores de risco, chegaram ao hospital em um quadro mais leve em comparação aos outros (35) pacientes, tendo eles uma recuperação melhor e menos dias de internação. Podendo ser implementadas medidas preventivas para os pacientes que possuem hérnia, recomenda-se o acompanhamento dos fatores de risco, visando evitar quadros graves e internações longas.
HUBUNGAN DURASI KERJA, MASA KERJA DAN POSTUR KERJA TERHADAP KELUHAN LOW BACK PAIN PADA BAGIAN STAFF DI KANTOR X, JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Agustin Amelia , Puji Lela Kania Rahsa , Andriati Riris 
Published: June 2023

Low back pain termasuk kedalam jenis gangguan muskuloskeletal, yang dapat ditimbulkan salah satunya akibat penggunaan komputer mulai dari kelemahan otot, tendon, atau nyeri leher dan punggung sampai dengan trauma yang kumulatif. Kasus low back pain banyak dialami oleh pegawai kantor, dengan prevalensi mulai dari 23% sampai 38% setiap tahunnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan durasi kerja, masa kerja dan postur kerja terhadap keluhan low back pain pada bagian staff di kantor X, Jakarta Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan data primer (kuesioner) dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui variabel sebab dan variabel akibat. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 133 staff di kantor X, Jakarta Selatan dan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Keluhan low back pain diukur menggunakan Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) dan postur kerja diukur menggunakan Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 88% staff mengalami keluhan low back pain dengan kategori disabilitas minimal. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara durasi kerja (p-value=0,029 <0,05), masa kerja (p-value=0,016 <0,05) dan postur kerja (p-value=0,000 <0,05) dengan keluhan low back pain pada staff kantor X, Jakarta Selatan. Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan staff memanfaatkan waktu untuk melakukan peregangan otot disela-sela waktu bekerja dan juga memperhatikan postur kerja yang sesuai agar terhindar dari keluhan low back pain.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEMATIAN KASUS DEMAM BERDARAH DI KOTA TASIKMALAYA 2022
Authors: Supangat Uus , Badriah Dewi Laelatul , Mamlukah Mamlukah , Suparman Rossi 
Published: June 2023

Indonesia sebagai negara yang memiliki kasus DBD tertinggi di Asia Tenggara (>57%) dengan hampir 70% kasus kematian akibat DBD di Asia Tenggara juga berada di Indonesia. Kematian akibat DBD di Kota Tasikmalaya merupakan kasus tertinggi di Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan angka CFR sebesar 1,56% per-Oktober 2022. Tujuan penelitiaan ini yaitu untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kematian kasus demam berdarah di Kota Tasikmalaya 2022. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu analitik deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu keseluruhan kasus DBD yang dilaporkan di Kota Tasikmalaya. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling sebanyak 118 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rekam medik dan laporan kasus pasien DBD dalam kurun waktu Januari-Oktober 2022. Analisis data dilakukan 3 tahap yaitu analisis univariat, analisis bivariat (uji Chi Square), dan analisis multivariate (uji Regresi Logistik.
Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukan terdapat hubungan antara usia (p value = 0,010), keterlambatan pengobatan (p value = 0,058), dan kejadian DSS dengan kematian pasien DBD (p value = 0,001). Sementara itu tidak terdapat hubungan antara jeis kelamin dengan kematian pasien DBD (p value = 0,619). Usia merupakan faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kematian pasien DBD di Kota Tasikmalaya dengan nilai p = 0,016 (p<0,05) dan nilai OR = 1,873.