bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical benefit of platinum doublet combination therapy in older adults with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer: A prospective multicenter study by the National Hospital Organization in Japan
Authors: Shimokawa Mototsugu , Kanazu Masaki , Saito Ryusei , Mori Masahide , Tamura Atsuhisa , Okano Yoshio , Fujita Yuka , Endo Takeo , Motegi Mitsuru , Takata Shohei , Kita Toshiyuki , Sukoh Noriaki , Mizuki Fumitaka , Takenoyama Mitsuhiro , Atagi Shinji 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious trials suggest that older adults with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) derive benefit from platinum doublet combination therapy, but its superiority is controversial. Although geriatric assessment variables are used to assess the individual risk of severe toxicity and clinical outcomes in older patients, the standard first‐line treatment is still debated. Therefore, we aimed to identify the risk factors for clinical outcomes in older patients with NSCLC.MethodsPatients aged ≥75 years with advanced NSCLC treated at any of 24 National Hospital Organization institutions completed a pre‐first‐line chemotherapy assessment, including patient characteristics, treatment variables, laboratory test values, and geriatric assessment variables. We evaluated whether these variables were the risk factors for progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 148 patients with advanced NSCLC were treated with combination therapy (n = 90) or monotherapy (n = 58). Median PFS was 5.3 months and OS was 13.6 months. We identified that hypoalbuminemia (hazard ratio [HR] 2.570, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.117–5.913, p = 0.0264) was a risk factor for PFS and monotherapy (HR 1.590, 95% CI: 1.070–2.361, p = 0.0217), lactate dehydrogenase (HR 3.682, 95% CI: 1.013–13.39, p = 0.0478), and high C‐reactive protein (HR 2.038, 95% CI: 1.141–3.642, p = 0.0161) were risk factors for OS. The median OS was significantly longer in patients treated with combination therapy than in those who received monotherapy (16.5 months vs. 10.3 months; HR 0.684, 95% CI: 0.470–0.995, p = 0.0453).DiscussionPlatinum doublet combination therapy may be beneficial in older patients with NSCLC. Identification of risk factors will assist in the development of a personalized treatment strategy.
Stock market layoffs in France
Authors: Snikersproge Ieva 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA decade ago, the French press was full of references to “stock market layoffs.” The term, popularized by the French Left, was an attempt to name and contest layoffs undertaken not because a company had run into trouble, but because the layoffs would boost the company's value and thus deliver more robust profits to its shareholders. The term thus targeted a specific form of financialization that “externalizes” workers by destroying jobs on profitable production sites. As this article shows, the fate of the stock market layoff discourse reveals how the “real,” materially productive economy relates to financial markets. It shows, moreover, how time and anticipation structure the capitalist economy, and how they limit the possibilities of governing it. As long as capital occupies the private space of the market, which requires anticipatory decisions, neither law nor greater stakeholder control can circumscribe capital enough to outlaw premature, economically unjustified layoffs.
Waves, Floods, Currents: The Politics and Poetics of Water in Social Movement Analysis
Authors: Matthews Jamie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe task of conceptualising social movements draws on a wealth of watery images, from protest waves and political currents, to imagining mobilisations as tides, ripples, cascades or high‐pressure hydraulics. Called upon to analyse complex processes, these waters have a life of their own, carrying analytical implications while extending a relationship to water that is never only symbolic and is material, embodied and historical. This article explores the ways water is “enrolled” to understand movements, to advance three arguments: first, these use familiar water morphologies to naturalise particular, located understandings of political change and social form; second, they imply normative claims and ideological affinities regarding political struggle; third, this has implications for our relationship to water, echoing the abstract and alienating “modern water” of capitalist world‐ecology. The article considers how critical water knowledges and subjectivities, often sustained by social movement spaces, indicate possibilities of a being‐otherwise with water and its meanings.
Complication rate after gastrostomy placement in children can be reduced by simple surgical steps
Authors: Hössjer Therese , Göthberg Gunnar , Arnbjörnsson Einar , Rutqvist Jan , Perris Frans , Bartik Zsuzsa , Almström Markus , Backman Torbjörn , Danielson Johan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate if the incidence of postoperative complications after gastrostomy placement is correlated to perioperative parameters or patient characteristics.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, children <18 years of age planned to receive a gastrostomy at partaking clinics between 2014 and 2019 were invited. Pre‐, peri‐ and postoperative variables were collected and followed up 3 months postoperatively.ResultsFive hundred and eighty‐two patients were included (median age: 26 months, median weight: 10.8 kg), mainly laparoscopic (52.0%) and push‐PEG (30.2%) technique used. The incidence of complications was lower in the group of patients receiving a gastrostomy tube that was 2 mm longer than the gastrostomy canal (p < 0.001–0.025), and a thickness of 12 Fr (p < 0.001–0.009). These findings were confirmed by multivariate analysis also including operative technique, age and weight. Patients with oncological disease had significantly higher incidence of pain and infection but the lowest incidence of granulomas (p < 0.001–0.01).ConclusionThis study indicates that a 12 Fr gastrostomy tube that is 2 mm longer than the gastrostomy canal is correlated with the lowest incidence of postoperative complications the first 3 months after surgery. Oncological patients had the lowest incidence of granulomas which probably is related to chemotherapy.
Different aspects of visual perception are important for 12‐year social functioning depending on gestational age
Authors: Johansson Martin , Kaul Ylva Fredriksson , Montgomery Cecilia , Larsson Eva , Hellström‐Westas Lena , Kochukhova Olga 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimPerceptual mechanisms in social functioning might promote interventions. We investigated relations between visual perception and social functioning, in preterm children.MethodsA prospective preterm cohort born in Uppsala County, Sweden, in 2004–2007 and 49 full‐term controls were examined at 12 years. Aspects of visual perception, including static shapes, emotions and time to detect biological motion, were related to social functioning and visual acuity.ResultsThe preterm group comprised 25 extremely preterm children, EPT, born below 28 gestational weeks and 53 children born between 28 and 31 weeks. Preterm children had difficulties in perception of static shapes (p = 0.004) and biological motion (p < 0.001), but not in emotion perception, compared to controls. In the EPT children, poorer shape perception and lower scores on emotion perception were associated with more social problems (p = 0.008) and lower visual acuity (p = 0.004). Shape perception explained more variance in social functioning than emotion perception. In controls, fewer social problems were linked to faster biological motion perception (p = 0.04).ConclusionStatic shape and biological motion perception was affected in the preterm groups. Biological motion perception was relevant for social functioning in full‐term children. In EPT children, only shape perception was linked to social functioning, suggesting differential visual perception mechanisms for social deficits.
Parents and healthcare professionals' attitudes to Kangaroo Care for preterm infants in the United Kingdom
Authors: Walker Saskia , Ojha Shalini , Mitchell Eleanor J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the attitudes of parents and healthcare professionals (HCPs), and facilitators and barrier to implementation of Kangaroo Care (KC) in the United Kingdom.MethodsOnline cross‐sectional survey; distributed via the British Association of Perinatal Medicine, Bliss (UK‐based charity), social media.ResultsSixty HCPs responded. 37 (62%) were nurses/nurse practitioners. 57 (95%) regularly implement KC. The most important factor that supported KC implementation was the team's belief in benefits of KC. Increased workload, staff shortage and fear about safely of KC in unwell infants were recognised as the challenges preventing implementation.Five hundred eighteen parents responded. 421 (81%) had a preterm baby within 3 years. 338 (80%) were familiar with KC. The main facilitator was the belief that their baby enjoyed it. Excess noise and crowding on the unit were the most frequently reported barriers. Lack of opportunity and limited staff support were the main reasons why they had been unable to practice KC.ConclusionWe found that most HCPs and parents believe that KC is beneficial and would like to practice it. Lack of resources to enable effective implementation is the main barrier. Service development and implementation research is required to ensure that KC is delivered in all UK neonatal units.
Weight a minute: The smaller and more immature, the more predictable the autonomic regulation?
Authors: Stålhammar Alexander Mildalen , Honoré Antoine , Adolphson Katja , Forsberg David , Herlenius Eric , Jost Kerstin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the relation between autonomic regulation, measured using heart rate variability (HRV), body weight and degree of prematurity in infants. Further to assess utility to include body weight in a machine learning‐based sepsis prediction algorithm.MethodsLongitudinal cohort study including 378 infants hospitalised in two neonatal intensive care units. Continuous vital sign data collection was performed prospectively from the time of NICU admission to discharge. Clinically relevant events were annotated retrospectively. HRV described using sample entropy of inter‐beat intervals and assessed for its correlation with body weight measurements and age. Weight values were then added to a machine learning‐based algorithm for neonatal sepsis detection.ResultsSample entropy showed a positive correlation with increasing body weight and postconceptual age. Very low birth weight infants exhibited significantly lower HRV compared to infants with a birth weight >1500 g. This persisted when reaching similar weight and at the same postconceptual age. Adding body weight measures improved the algorithm's ability to predict sepsis in the overall population.ConclusionWe revealed a positive correlation of HRV with increasing body weight and maturation in infants. Restricted HRV, proven helpful in detecting acute events such as neonatal sepsis, might reflect prolonged impaired development of autonomic control.
High adherence to Western dietary pattern and prostate cancer risk: findings from the EPIC‐Spain cohort
Authors: Castelló Adela , Rodríguez‐Barranco Miguel , Pérez‐Gómez Beatriz , Chirlaque Maria Dolores , Bonet Catalina , Amiano Pilar , Ardanaz Eva , Huerta José María , Zamora‐Ros Raúl , Quirós José Ramon , Barricarte‐Gurrea Aurelio , Pollán Marina , Sanchez María‐José 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the association between three previously identified dietary patterns (Western, Prudent and Mediterranean) and prostate cancer (PCa) risk by tumour aggressiveness.Subjects and MethodsThe Spanish cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study provided dietary and epidemiological information from 15 296 men recruited during the period 1992–1996. The associations between the adherence to the three dietary patterns and PCa risk (global, for Gleason grade groups 6 and >6, and for International Society of Urological Pathology [ISUP] grade 1 + 2 and ISUP grade 3 + 4 + 5) was explored with multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models stratified by centre and age.ResultsWhile no effect on PCa risk was detected for the Prudent and Mediterranean dietary patterns, a suggestion of a detrimental effect of the Western dietary pattern was found (hazard ratio [HR]Q4vsQ1 1.29 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.96;1.72]). This effect was only observed for Gleason grade group >6 (HRQ3vsQ1 1.61 [95% CI 1.00; 2.59] and HRQ4vsQ1 1.60 [95% CI 0.96; 2.67]) and in particular ISUP grade 3 + 4 + 5 tumours (HRQ2vsQ1 1.97 [95% CI 0.98; 3.93]; HRQ3vsQ1 2.72 (95% CI 1.35; 5.51); HRQ4vsQ1 2.29 [95% CI 1.07; 4.92]).ConclusionsOur results suggest that a high adherence to a healthy diet such as that represented by the Prudent and Mediterranean dietary patterns is not enough to prevent prostate cancer. Additionally, reducing adherence to a Western‐type diet seems to be necessary.
Identification of novel class inhibitors of NSD3 methyltransferase showing a unique, bivalent binding mode in the SET domain
Authors: Kim Sumin , Hwang Injeoung , Kim Suhn Hyung , Chung Hwan Won , Ji Mi‐Jung , Moon Sojeong , Park Hyun‐Mee , Kong Gu , Hur Wooyoung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNSD3/WHSC1L1 lysine methyltransferase promotes the transcription of target genes through di‐ or tri‐methylation at histone H3K36 using SAM as a cofactor. Genetic alterations such as amplification and gain‐of‐function mutation of NSD3 act as oncogenic drivers in several cancers including squamous cell lung cancer and breast cancer. NSD3 is an important therapeutic target for cancers, but the reported NSD3 inhibitors targeting the catalytic SET domain are very rare and show a poor activity. Herein, from a virtual library screening and the subsequent medicinal chemistry optimization, we identified a novel class of NSD3 inhibitors. Our docking analysis and pulldown result suggested that the most potent analogue 13i shows a unique, bivalent binding mode interacting with both SAM‐binding site and BT3‐bindig site within the SET domain. We found 13i inhibits NSD3 activity with IC50 = 287 μM in vitro and suppresses the proliferation of JIMT1 breast cancer cells with GI50 = 36.5 μM, which express a high level of NSD3. Also, 13i downregulated the levels of H3K36me2/3 in a dose‐dependent manner. Our study could provide an insight in designing high‐affinity NSD3 inhibitors. Also, as the acrylamide group of 13i was predicted to position near Cys1265 in the BT3‐binding site, further optimization would lead to a discovery of novel irreversible NSD3 inhibitors.
Examining the relationship between autism spectrum disorder and neural tube defects
Authors: Hasler Margaret , Fideli Ülgen S. , Susi Apryl , Hisle‐Gorman Elizabeth 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFolate and vitamin B12 deficiencies have been strongly associated with neural tube defects, preliminary research suggests folate and B12 deficiency may also be associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We examined the association between neural tube defects and ASD as a further avenue to examine the hypothesis that ASD is related to maternal folate and B12 deficiency during pregnancy. A retrospective case–control study was performed using the Military Health System Data Repository. Cases and matched controls were followed from birth until at least 6 months after their first autism diagnosis. International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, codes were used to identify neural tube defects in the health records. A total of 8760 cases between the ages of 2 and 18 years were identified. The prevalence of any neural tube defect was 0.11% in children without ASD and 0.64% in children with ASD. Children with autism were over 6 times as likely to have a neural tube defect. The increased odds of neural tube defect in children diagnosed with ASD, found through our methodology, supports prior studies. Although additional studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between ASD and maternal folate and vitamin B12 deficiency during pregnancy this study supports their use during pregnancy.
Fungicide resistance and misinformation: A game theoretic approach
Authors: Pardini Chelsea A. , Espínola‐Arredondo Ana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFungicide resistance is a serious problem for agriculture today. This analysis provides additional insight into the strategic behavior of farmers when their fungicide use generates a negative intertemporal production externality in the form of fungicide resistance. We find that when farmers encounter this type of externality, they choose fungicide levels that exacerbate fungicide resistance. We examine a compensation mechanism in which a farmer reduces fungicide use in exchange for a transfer. This mechanism reduces fungicide use; however, misinformation about the severity of fungicide resistance generates distortions. We find that one‐sided misinformation could lead a farmer to choose socially optimal fungicide levels, which makes the compensation mechanism less necessary. In addition, we show that when both farmers are misinformed, the mechanism could lead farmers to choose fungicide levels below the socially optimal level depending on their pessimistic beliefs about the severity of fungicide resistance.
Contact allergy investigations in healthcare workers with face mask‐related skin disease
Authors: Brynolf Andreas , Hauksson Inese , Bergendorff Ola , Svedman Cecilia , Hamnerius Nils 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, the use of face masks has increased among healthcare workers (HCWs). Questionnaire studies have shown a high frequency of self‐reported facial adverse skin reactions. Case reports have been published on face mask‐induced allergic contact dermatitis and urticaria.ObjectivesTo describe the results of the contact allergy investigations in consecutive HCWs investigated for skin reactions to face masks during the COVID‐19 pandemic and the results of the chemical investigations of face masks supplied by the hospital.MethodsParticipants were patch tested with baseline series and chemicals previously reported in face masks not included in the baseline series. Face mask(s) brought by the HCW were tested as is and/or in acetone extract. Chemical analyses were performed on nine different face masks for potential allergens.ResultsFifty‐eight HCWs were investigated. No contact allergies were found to the face mask(s) tested. Eczema was the most common type of skin reaction, followed by an acneiform reaction. Colophonium‐related substances were found in one respirator and 2,6‐di‐t‐butyl‐4‐methylphenol (BHT) were found in two respirators.ConclusionBased on this report, contact allergies to face masks is uncommon. Patch test with colophonium‐related substances and BHT should be considered when investigating adverse skin reactions to face masks.
Alveolar–arterial oxygen gradient nonlinearly impacts the 28‐day mortality of patients with sepsis: Secondary data mining based on the MIMIC‐IV database
Authors: Wang Ying , He Yan , Chen Lu , Liu Ying , Yuan Jia , Bi Hongying , Chen Qimin , Chen Xianjun , Shen Feng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveLung is often implicated in sepsis, resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The alveolar–arterial oxygen gradient [D(A‐a)O2] reflects lung diffusing capacity, which is usually compromised in ARDS. But whether D(A‐a)O2 impacts the prognosis of patients with sepsis remains to be explored. Our study aims to investigate the association between D(A‐a)O2 and 28‐day mortality in patients with sepsis using a large sample, multicenter Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)‐IV database.MethodsWe extracted a data of 35 010 patients with sepsis from the retrospective cohort MIMIC‐IV database, by which the independent effects of D(A‐a)O2 on 28‐day death risk was investigated, with D(A‐a)O2 as being the exposure variable and 28‐day fatality being the outcome variable. Binary logistic regression and a two‐piecewise linear model were employed to explore the relationship between D(A‐a)O2 and the 28‐day death risk after confounding factors were optimized including demographic indicators, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, drug administration, and vital signs.ResultsA total of 18 933 patients were finally included in our analysis. The patients' average age was 66.67 ± 16.01 years, and the mortality at 28 days was 19.23% (3640/18933). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that each 10‐mmHg rise of D(A‐a)O2 was linked with a 3% increase in the probability of death at 28 days either in the unadjusted model or in adjustment for demographic variables (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.03). But, each 10 mmHg increase in D(A‐a)O2 was associated with a 3% increase of death (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.023 to 1.033) in the case of adjustment for all covariants. Through smoothed curve fitting and generalized summation models, we found that non‐linear relationship existed between D(A‐a)O2 and the death at 28‐day, which demonstrated that D(A‐a)O2 had no any impacts on the prognosis of patients with sepsis when D(A‐a)O2 was less than or equal to 300 mmHg, but once D(A‐a)O2 exceeded 300 mmHg, however, every 10 mmHg elevation of D(A‐a)O2 is accompanied by a 5% increase of the 28‐day death (OR: 1.05; 95% CI:1.04 to 1.05, p < 0.0001).ConclusionOur findings suggests that D(A‐a)O2 is a valuable indicator for the management of sepsis patient, and it is recommended that D(A‐a)O2 be maintained less than 300 mmHg as far as possible during sepsis process.
Vocabulary and automatic attention: The relation between novel words and gaze dynamics in noun generalization
Authors: Bakopoulou Milena , Lorenz Megan G. , Forbes Samuel H. , Tremlin Rachel , Bates Jessica , Samuelson Larissa K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWords direct visual attention in infants, children, and adults, presumably by activating representations of referents that then direct attention to matching stimuli in the visual scene. Novel, unknown, words have also been shown to direct attention, likely via the activation of more general representations of naming events. To examine the critical issue of how novel words and visual attention interact to support word learning we coded frame‐by‐frame the gaze of 17‐ to 31‐month‐old children (n = 66, 38 females) while generalizing novel nouns. We replicate prior findings of more attention to shape when generalizing novel nouns, and a relation to vocabulary development. However, we also find that following a naming event, children who produce fewer nouns take longer to look at the objects they eventually select and make more transitions between objects before making a generalization decision. Children who produce more nouns look to the objects they eventually select more quickly following the naming event and make fewer looking transitions. We discuss these findings in the context of prior proposals regarding children's few‐shot category learning, and a developmental cascade of multiple perceptual, cognitive, and word‐learning processes that may operate in cases of both typical development and language delay.Research Highlights
Examined how novel words guide visual attention by coding frame‐by‐frame where children look when asked to generalize novel names.
Gaze patterns differed with vocabulary size: children with smaller vocabularies attended to generalization targets more slowly and did more comparison than those with larger vocabularies.
Demonstrates a relationship between vocabulary size and attention to object properties during naming.
This work has implications for looking‐based tests of early cognition, and our understanding of children's few‐shot category learning.