bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The computation of interstellar extinction in photoionized nebulae
Authors: Morisset Christophe , Corradi Romano L. M. , García-Rojas Jorge , Mampaso Antonio , Jones David , Kwitter Karen B. , Magrini Laura , Villaver Eva 
Published: April 2023

Context. The proper plasma analysis practice (PPAP) method has been proposed to analyze spectroscopic data of ionized nebulae. The method is based on a coherent and simultaneous determination of the reddening correction and physical conditions in nebulae. The PPAP method’s creators reanalyzed the results of nine of the brightest planetary nebulae in M31. They claim that, if standard values of the physical conditions are used to compute the extinction instead of their proposed method, extinction correction is underestimated by more than 50%, and hence, ionic and elemental abundance determinations, especially the N/O ratio, are incorrect.
Aims. The discrepancies between the two methods are investigated.
Methods. Several tests were performed to assess the accuracy of the non-PPAP results when determining: (i) the interstellar extinction coefficient, (ii) the plasma electron temperature and density, and (iii) the ionic abundances, in particular of singly ionized nitrogen. In the last case, the ionic N+/H+ abundance was recalculated using both Hα and Hβ as the reference H I emissivity.
Results. The analysis shows that the errors introduced by adopting standard values of the plasma conditions are small, within the uncertainties. On the other hand, the interstellar extinction determined using the PPAP method (uncritically making use of all available Paschen and Balmer lines, without considering observational, random and/or systematic effects) is found to be overestimated for five of the nine nebulae considered. This has consequences for the subsequent analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the nebulae and their progenitors. The python notebook used to generate all the results presented in this Letter is publicly available at a GitHub repository.
Conclusions. The initial, non-PPAP results and conclusions are proven valid. Although the PPAP method is, in principle, a recommended practice, we insist that it is equally important to critically assess which H I lines are included in the determination of the interstellar extinction coefficient, and to make sure that physical results are obtained for the non-de-reddened line ratios.
Der Lichen planus des Ösophagus – Eine unterschätzte Erkrankung
Authors: Monasterio Carmen , Decker Annegrit , Schauer Franziska , Büttner Nico , Schmidt Arthur , Schmitt-Gräff Annette , Kreisel Wolfgang 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungEine Beteiligung des Ösophagus bei der Hauterkrankung Lichen planus wurde erstmals 1982 beschrieben und fast 30 Jahre lang als eine Rarität angesehen. Untersuchungen der letzten 10 Jahre aber zeigen, dass diese Erkrankung weniger selten ist als angenommen. Es ist sogar anzunehmen, dass der ösophageale Lichen planus (Esophageal Lichen planus, ELP) häufiger ist als die Eosinophile Ösophagitis (EoE). Die Ösophagusbeteiligung betrifft meist Frauen im mittleren Alter. Das Hauptsymptom ist eine Dysphagie. Endoskopisch erkennt man in der Speiseröhre eine charakteristische Schleimhautablösung, eine Trachealisierung, und gelegentlich Hyperkeratosen und bei langem Bestehen auch Stenosen. Wegweisend ist die Histologie mit einer subepithelialen Ablösung sowie einem bandförmigen Infiltrat aus T-Lymphozyten, dem Nachweis von apoptotischen Keratinozyten (Civatte Bodies) und Dyskeratosen. Die direkte Immunfluoreszenz zeigt Fibrinogen-Ablagerungen entlang der Basalmembran. Eine etablierte Therapie gibt es bisher nicht. Die Behandlung mit topischen Steroiden ist in ⅔ der Fälle wirksam. Eine Therapie wie beim klassischen Lichen planus scheint unwirksam zu sein. Bei symptomatischen Stenosen kann eine Dilatation indiziert sein. Der ELP reiht sich in die Gruppe der „neuen“ immunologisch vermittelten Erkrankungen des Ösophagus ein.
Methodik und Zuordnungserfolg eines Linkage von Daten klinischer
Krebsregister mit Abrechnungsdaten gesetzlicher Krankenkassen
Authors: Bobeth Christoph , Tol Kees Kleihues-van , Rößler Martin , Bierbaum Veronika , Gerken Michael , Günster Christian , Dröge Patrik , Ruhnke Thomas , Klinkhammer-Schalke Monika , Schmitt Jochen , Schoffer Olaf 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das vom Innovationsfonds geförderte Projekt
„Wirksamkeit der Versorgung in onkologischen Zentren“ (WiZen)
ist ein breit angelegtes Projekt zur Erforschung der Wirksamkeit von
Zertifizierungen in der Onkologie. Im Rahmen des Projektes werden bundesweite
Daten der AOKen und Daten Klinischer Krebsregister aus verschiedenen
Bundesländern für die Jahre 2006–2017 verwendet. Zur
Kombination der Stärken beider Datenquellen werden diese für
acht verschiedene Krebsentitäten datenschutzkonform miteinander
verknüpft.
Methoden Das Datenlinkage erfolgte dabei anhand indirekter Identifikatoren
und wurde mittels der Krankenversichertennummer als direktem Identifikator und
Goldstandard validiert. Dies ermöglicht die Quantifizierung von
Potenzial und Qualität verschiedener Linkage-Varianten. Als Kriterien
zur Bewertung der Zuordnungen wurden Sensitivität und Spezifität
sowie Treffergenauigkeit und Treffergüte genutzt. Die durch das Linkage
resultierenden Verteilungen relevanter Variablen wurden anhand der
ursprünglichen Verteilungen in den Einzeldatensätzen
validiert.
Ergebnisse Je nach Kombination indirekter Identifikatoren ergab sich eine
Bandbreite von 22.125 bis 3.092.401 Linkage-Treffern. Eine nahezu perfekte
Verknüpfung der betrachteten Daten konnte durch die Kombination von
Informationen zu Entitätsart, Geburtsdatum, Geschlecht und Postleitzahl
der Personen erreicht werden. Insgesamt wurden mit den genannten Merkmalen
74.586 eineindeutige Verknüpfungen und für die verschiedenen
Entitäten eine mediane Treffergüte von mehr als 98%
erreicht. Die Alters- und Geschlechtsverteilungen der verschiedenen Datenquellen
sowie die verknüpften Sterbedaten wiesen zudem eine hohe
Übereinstimmung auf.
Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung GKV- und Krebsregisterdaten lassen sich
mit hoher interner und externer Validität auf Individualdatenebene
verknüpfen. Die stabile Verknüpfung ermöglicht durch den
simultanen Zugang zu Variablen beider Datensätze („das Beste aus
beiden Welten“) gänzlich neue Analysemöglichkeiten:
Für einzelne Personen stehen nun sowohl Informationen zum UICC-Stadium
der Erkrankung aus den Registern als auch Komorbiditäten aus den
GKV-Daten zur Verfügung. Durch die Verwendung gut verfügbarer
Linkagevariablen und den hohen Verknüpfungserfolg ist das Verfahren
vielversprechend für künftige Linkages in der
Versorgungsforschung.
Nachhaltigkeit im OP – korrelieren Sterilität, Sicherheit und Service auch mit einer ressourcenschonenden Verwendung von Medizinprodukten?
Authors: Egetemeyer Josef , Jacob Sven , Lehmann Ferdinand , Guba Markus , Werner Jens , Börner Nikolaus 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungIn Zeiten einer nie da gewesenen Energiekriese gewinnt Nachhaltigkeit zunehmend an Bedeutung. Diese Entwicklung macht auch vor der Medizin und insbesondere vor dem OP nicht halt, da hier
eine wesentliche Menge an Treibhausgasen produziert wird. Aufgrund dieser Entwicklung stellt sich nun die Frage, ob sich Sterilität, Sicherheit und Service mit einer ressourcenschonenden
Verwendung von Medizinprodukten in Einklang zu bringen sind. Ein Ziel muss hierbei sein, Einwegartikel, die einen hohen Grad an Sterilität bieten, durch sicher wieder aufbereitbare
Mehrwegartikel zu ersetzen. Durch steigende Energiekosten sowie Lieferengpässe bietet die Wiederaufbereitung von Produkten für die Klinik zunehmende Unabhängigkeit. Weiterhin verbessert der
Weg hin zu erneuerbaren Energien bei Mehrwegprodukten den Carbon Footprint zusehends. Die gewonnene Unabhängigkeit der Kliniken bietet auch für die Patienten mehr Sicherheit, da die Gefahr
von nicht zur Verfügung stehenden Materialien verringert wird. Neben dem Ziel der zunehmenden Verwendung von Mehrwegartikeln wird auch das Recyceln von Einwegprodukten eine zunehmende Rolle
spielen. Life Cycle Assessments werden hierbei zunehmend die optimale Auswahl an Produkten steuern. Zusammenfassend bieten diese Optionen also die Möglichkeit, die zunehmende Notwendigkeit
von Nachhaltigkeit im OP umzusetzen.
Effect of different Intensity Electrotherapy on Functional Recovery
in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Fan Zhijiao , Weiguang Gao , Yubao Ma , Shuyan Qie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective To explore the effects of different-intensity intermediate
frequency therapy on functional recovery of patients with knee
osteoarthritis.
Methods Three-band electromagnetic waves of constant amplitude
intermediate frequency electrotherapy group (Group A), interference
electrotherapy group (Group B) and modulated intermediate frequency
electrotherapy group (Group C) were used to treat knee osteoarthritis (KOA)
patients, 20 min/time, 1 time/day and 5
days/week for four weeks. Other rehabilitation items were performed the
same way. The rehabilitation therapy were evaluated by VAS score, Timed Up and
Go test and balance ability.
Results After 4 weeks of treatment, the treatment effects of the three
groups were all significant compared with the pre-treatment. Among the three
groups, the treatment effect of Group B was better than that of the other two
groups, and there was no significant difference in the treatment effect between
Group A and Group C.
Conclusion According to thee. g.results, it is possible that the
interference current is of a great action depth, and the
"endogenous" low-frequency modulated intermediate frequency
current possesses the advantages of both low and intermediate frequency, so with
the intermediate frequency current getting through the high resistance of skin,
the current effect of the low and intermediate frequency in the deep part of the
human body can be achieved.
LC-MS Analysis of Ginsenosides in Different Parts of Panax quinquefolius and Their Potential for Coronary Disease Improvement
Authors: Zhang Xuanming , Kong Can , Wang Xixin , Hou Hairong , Yu Hongxia , Wang Lizhen , Li Peihai , Li Xiaobin , Zhang Yun , Han Liwen , Liu Kechun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSeven main ginsenosides, including ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, pseudoginsenoside F11, ginsenoside Rb2, ginsenoside Rb3, ginsenoside Rd, and
ginsenoside F2, were identified by LC-QTOF MS/MS from root, leaf and flower extracts of Panax quinquefolius. These extracts promoted intersegmental vessel growth in a
zebrafish model, indicating their potential cardiovascular health benefits. Network pharmacology analysis was then conducted to reveal the potential mechanisms of ginsenoside activity in the
treatment of coronary artery disease. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses elucidated that G protein-coupled receptors played a critical role in VEGF-mediated signal transduction and that the
molecular pathways associated with ginsenoside activity are involved in neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, cholesterol metabolism, the cGMP–PKG signaling pathway, etc. Moreover, VEGF,
FGF2, and STAT3 were confirmed as the major targets inducing proliferation of endothelial cells and driving the pro-angiogenic process. Overall, ginsenosides could be potent nutraceutical
agents that act to reduce the risks of cardiovascular disease. Our findings will provide a basis to utilize the whole P. quinquefolius plant in drugs and functional foods.
Antiviral Effect of Natural and Semisynthetic Diterpenoids against Adenovirus Infection in vitro
Authors: Bidart Juan Esteban , Pertino Mariano Walter , Schmeda-Hirschmann Guillermo , Alché Laura Edith , Petrera Erina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe emergence and re-emergence of viruses has highlighted the need to develop new broad-spectrum antivirals to mitigate human infections. Pursuing our search for new bioactive plant-derived
molecules, we study several diterpene derivatives synthesized from jatropholones A and B and carnosic acid isolated from Jatropha isabellei and Rosmarinus officinalis,
respectively. Here, we investigate the antiviral effect of the diterpenes against human adenovirus (HAdV-5) that causes several infections for which there is no approved antiviral therapy
yet. Ten compounds are evaluated and none of them present cytotoxicity in A549 cells. Only compounds 2, 5 and 9 inhibit HAdV-5 replication in a concentration-dependent manner, without
virucidal activity, whereas the antiviral action takes place after virus internalization. The expression of viral proteins E1A and Hexon is strongly inhibited by compounds 2 and 5 and, in a
lesser degree, by compound 9. Since compounds 2, 5 and 9 prevent ERK activation, they might exert their antiviral action by interfering in the host cell functions required for virus
replication. Besides, the compounds have an anti-inflammatory profile since they significantly inhibit the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 produced by THP-1 cells infected with HAdV-5 or with an
adenoviral vector. In conclusion, diterpenes 2, 5 and 9 not only exert antiviral activity against adenovirus but also are able to restrain pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by the
virus.
The Feasibility and Impact of a Postresuscitation Care Protocol in the Well Baby Nursery
Authors: Reyes Santos Andy J. , Basta Caroline , Ramones Kristen Allyson , Lozy Tara , Spillane Nicole T. 
Published: April 2023

Objective The objective of this study is to determine if a postresuscitation care (PRC) protocol in the well baby nursery (WBN) would improve identification of infants requiring neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission.
Study Design This is a retrospective and prospective cohort study of a PRC protocol in 765 WBN admissions after delivery room (DR) resuscitation with continuous positive airway pressure and/or positive pressure ventilation.
Results After protocol initiation, NICU transfers during the birth hospitalization increased significantly (11.17 vs. 16.08%, p < 0.05). There was no difference in incidence of NICU transfer (5.99 vs. 7.29%, pre-PRC vs. PRC, p = 0.47) during the first 4 hours of life during protocol administration. Respiratory distress was the most common indication for NICU transfer in both cohorts (7.90 vs. 11.81%, p = 0.09, pre-PRC vs. PRC). Noninvasive positive pressure and/or high-flow nasal cannula (5.72 vs. 9.55%, p = 0.06, pre-PRC vs. PRC) were routinely administered in the NICU to transferred infants.
Conclusion After apparent recovery from DR resuscitation, WBN admissions experience significant risk of complications requiring NICU transfer, supporting Neonatal Resuscitation Program recommendation for enhanced monitoring. In our study, we demonstrated the feasibility of standardized PRC protocol in the WBN. NICU transfers increased after initiation of a PRC protocol; however, further studies are needed to confirm possible benefits of this PRC protocol in improving identification of infants requiring a higher level of care.
Key Points
Anticoagulant Management and Outcomes in Nontraumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage Complicated by Venous Thromboembolism: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Gorman Johnathon , Candeloro Matteo , Schulman Sam 
Published: April 2023

Background There are limited data on anticoagulant management of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) after spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH).
Methods We reviewed retrospectively all cases diagnosed with VTE during hospitalization for spontaneous ICH at our center during 15 years. Anticoagulation management outcomes were (1) timing after ICH of anticoagulant initiation for VTE treatment, (2) use of immediate therapeutic dosing or stepwise dose escalation, and (3) the proportion achieving therapeutic dose. Primary clinical effectiveness outcome was recurrent VTE. Primary safety outcome was expanding ICH.
Results We analyzed 103 cases with VTE after 11 days (median; interquartile range [IQR]: 7–22) from the diagnosis of ICH. Forty patients (39%) achieved therapeutic anticoagulation 21.5 days (median; IQR: 14–34 days) from the ICH. Of those, 14 (35%; 14% of total) received immediately therapeutic dose and 26 (65%; 25% of total) had stepwise escalation. Anticoagulation was more aggressive in patients with VTE >14 days after admission versus those with earlier VTE diagnosis. Twenty-two patients (21%) experienced recurrent/progressive VTE—less frequently among patients with treatment escalation within 7 days or with no escalation than with escalation >7 days from the VTE. There were 19 deaths 6 days (median; IQR: 3.5–15) after the index VTE, with significantly higher in-hospital mortality rate among patients without escalation in anticoagulation.
Conclusion Prompt therapeutic anticoagulation for acute VTE seems safe when occurring more than 14 days after spontaneous ICH. For VTE occurring earlier, it might also be safe with therapeutic anticoagulation, but stepwise dose escalation to therapeutic within a 7-day period might be preferable.
Pseudorandomized Testing of a Discharge Medication Alert to Reduce Free-Text Prescribing
Authors: Rabbani Naveed , Ho Milan , Dash Debadutta , Calway Tyler , Morse Keith , Chadwick Whitney 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Pseudorandomized testing can be applied to perform rigorous yet practical evaluations of clinical decision support tools. We apply this methodology to an interruptive alert aimed at reducing free-text prescriptions. Using free-text instead of structured computerized provider order entry elements can cause medication errors and inequity in care by bypassing medication-based clinical decision support tools and hindering automated translation of prescription instructions.
Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an interruptive alert at reducing free-text prescriptions via pseudorandomized testing using native electronic health records (EHR) functionality.
Methods Two versions of an EHR alert triggered when a provider attempted to sign a discharge free-text prescription. The visible version displayed an interruptive alert to the user, and a silent version triggered in the background, serving as a control. Providers were assigned to the visible and silent arms based on even/odd EHR provider IDs. The proportion of encounters with a free-text prescription was calculated across the groups. Alert trigger rates were compared in process control charts. Free-text prescriptions were analyzed to identify prescribing patterns.
Results Over the 28-week study period, 143 providers triggered 695 alerts (345 visible and 350 silent). The proportions of encounters with free-text prescriptions were 83% (266/320) and 90% (273/303) in the intervention and control groups, respectively (p = 0.01). For the active alert, median time to action was 31 seconds. Alert trigger rates between groups were similar over time. Ibuprofen, oxycodone, steroid tapers, and oncology-related prescriptions accounted for most free-text prescriptions. A majority of these prescriptions originated from user preference lists.
Conclusion An interruptive alert was associated with a modest reduction in free-text prescriptions. Furthermore, the majority of these prescriptions could have been reproduced using structured order entry fields. Targeting user preference lists shows promise for future intervention.
Synthesis of Natural Products, Carbocycles, and Heterocycles by Hauser–Kraus Annulation
Authors: Namboothiri Irishi N. N. , Sankara Chenikkayala Siva , Gaikwad Shweta Prakash 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this Account, we summarize recent developments in Hauser–Kraus (H–K) annulation with respect to syntheses of natural products and other functionalized, fused, or spiro carbocycles and heterocycles. Although the classical H–K annulation occurs between a 1,4-dipolar synthon (a 3-nucleophilic phthalide), and a 1,2-dipolar synthon (a Michael acceptor), alternative modes of annulation, such as [4+4] and [4+1], as well as other reactivities of 3-nucleophilic phthalides that have been reported in recent years, are also covered in this account.1	Introduction2	Hauser–Kraus Annulation in Total Syntheses3	Hauser–Kraus Annulation Methodologies3.1	[4+2] Annulation3.2	[4+4] Annulation Followed by Rearrangement3.3	Michael Addition Followed by E2 Elimination4	Miscellaneous Reactions5	Conclusions
“Clinicoradiological Score – Valuable Tool to Assess the Risk of Strangulated Small Bowel Obstruction in Tertiary Care Center”
Authors: Monisha Gunasekaran , Manikanta K. S. , Ranganath Harindranath H. 
Published: April 2023

Objectives
Small bowel obstruction accounts for about 3% of the emergency laparotomies, hence there is a need for early recognition of the risk associated with strangulated small bowel obstruction. However, there is no single reliable tool for evaluating the bowel strangulation risk precisely and quickly, hence we sought to assess the specificity and sensitivity of a scoring system named “Clinicoradiological score” as a tool to assess the risk of strangulated small bowel obstruction in tertiary care center for early intervention.

Material and Methods
The study was an observational study conducted on 50 patients with clinical symptoms of small intestinal obstruction, diagnosed by CT and admitted in-patient basis at the general surgery department in the hospitals attached to Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru from November 2017 to May 2019. In this scoring system, one point was given to each factor which includes pain duration (4 or more days), guarding, leucocyte count at least 10 ×109/L, C-reactive protein 75 mg/L or more, free fluid at least 500 mL (CT criteria), reduced wall contrast enhancement (CT criteria) leading to a maximum score of 6.
Based on standard treatment outcome, patients were grouped into three categories (conservative management, laparotomy without resection and anastomosis, and laparotomy with resection and anastomosis). Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics. The risk factors were compared between three patient groups and Chi-square test used for hypothesis testing. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated for accuracy of score.

Results
Out of the six factors of Clinicoradiological score, five factors were found to be predictors (p-value <0.01), while history of pain more than 3 days did not have a significant p-value. In our study all 18 patients with score more than 3 had gangrenous changes and underwent resection. The p-value of the score was found to be significant.

Conclusion
Clinicoradiological score has been proved to be a valuable tool in predicting the risk of strangulated small bowel obstruction and ascertained the need for subsequent intestinal resection.