bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning Approach for Negation and Speculation Detection for Automated Important Finding Flagging and Extraction in Radiology Report: Internal Validation and Technique Comparison Study
Authors: Weng Kung-Hsun , Liu Chung-Feng , Chen Chia-Jung 
Published: March 2023

Background
Negation and speculation unrelated to abnormal findings can lead to false-positive alarms for automatic radiology report highlighting or flagging by laboratory information systems.

Objective
This internal validation study evaluated the performance of natural language processing methods (NegEx, NegBio, NegBERT, and transformers).

Methods
We annotated all negative and speculative statements unrelated to abnormal findings in reports. In experiment 1, we fine-tuned several transformer models (ALBERT [A Lite Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers], BERT [Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers], DeBERTa [Decoding-Enhanced BERT With Disentangled Attention], DistilBERT [Distilled version of BERT], ELECTRA [Efficiently Learning an Encoder That Classifies Token Replacements Accurately], ERNIE [Enhanced Representation through Knowledge Integration], RoBERTa [Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach], SpanBERT, and XLNet) and compared their performance using precision, recall, accuracy, and F1-scores. In experiment 2, we compared the best model from experiment 1 with 3 established negation and speculation-detection algorithms (NegEx, NegBio, and NegBERT).

Results
Our study collected 6000 radiology reports from 3 branches of the Chi Mei Hospital, covering multiple imaging modalities and body parts. A total of 15.01% (105,755/704,512) of words and 39.45% (4529/11,480) of important diagnostic keywords occurred in negative or speculative statements unrelated to abnormal findings. In experiment 1, all models achieved an accuracy of >0.98 and F1-score of >0.90 on the test data set. ALBERT exhibited the best performance (accuracy=0.991; F1-score=0.958). In experiment 2, ALBERT outperformed the optimized NegEx, NegBio, and NegBERT methods in terms of overall performance (accuracy=0.996; F1-score=0.991), in the prediction of whether diagnostic keywords occur in speculative statements unrelated to abnormal findings, and in the improvement of the performance of keyword extraction (accuracy=0.996; F1-score=0.997).

Conclusions
The ALBERT deep learning method showed the best performance. Our results represent a significant advancement in the clinical applications of computer-aided notification systems.
PENGGUNAAN PjBL TERINTEGRASI STEAM DAN LIFE SKILL MAHASISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA ANORGANIK
Authors: Ngatijo Ngatijo , Bemis Restina , Puspitasari Ratih Dyah 
Published: March 2023

The Use Of PjBL Integrated STEAM and Students Life Skills in Inorganic ChemistryLearning
ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menerapkan model pembelajaran PjBL (Project Based Learning) yang terintegrasi STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematics) dan hubungannya dengan life skill Mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran Kimia Anorganik.Â Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan pre-test dan post-test, project assessment pembuatan Batik serta presentasi Kelompok dari tugas Kelompok dalam LKM (Lembar Kerja Mahasiswa) pada Mata Kuliah Kimia Anorganik III. Tugas Kelompok yang berkaitan dengan Senyawa Koordinasi dan Isomer Senyawa Koordinasi yang dilustrasikan ke dalam Motif Batik Jambi. Art atau seni batik motif â€œAngso Duoâ€ sebagai ilustrasi isomer levo dan dextro etilendiammintetraasetatokobaltat(III) dimana gugus etilen sebagai ilustrasi pada bagian ekor binatang Angsa. Engineering atau rekayasa dikembangkan melalui bahan pewarna Batik menggunakan bahan alami.
Hasil Uji korelasi diperoleh 0,57 nilai signifikasi diperoleh F hitung sebesar 0,006 yang berarti lebih kecil dari 0,05 sebagai F teori. Uji determinasi diperoleh R2 sebesar 0,374 atau l=0,37 % yang menunjukkan bahwa kesesuaian penggunaan model pembelajaran PjBL terintegrasi STEAM dengan life skill mahasiswa pada praktikum pembuatan Batik dengan menggunakan Teori Kimia Anorganik III tergolong kuat (37.4%) dan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel luar (62,6 %).Â
Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian bahwa diperoleh hasil yang baik,Â jika pembelajaran PjBL diintegrasikan dengan model STEAM dan dapat diketahui hubungannya dengan life skill yang dikembangkan mahasiswa. Batik dibuat dalam rangka Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MB-KM) untuk bahan baju dengan ukuran 90 x 200 cm sebagai produk karya mahasiswa.
Kata Kunci: kimia anorganik, life skill, motif batik jambi, PjBL, STEAM, terintegrasi.
Earth’s crust and physical fields of the oceans
Authors: Gordienko V.V. 
Published: March 2023

Some problems of the formation and development of oceanic regions with various variants of endogenic regimes (with the exception of island arcs, which, in the author’s opinion, belong to late Alpine geosynclines) are considered. Calculated geological events and anomalies of physical fields within them are determined by heat-mass-transfer schemes in the tectonosphere. The reliability and accuracy of the latter is related to the quantity and quality of information about the content of the regimes. In the oceans, such data is scarce. The article attempts to attract additional information about the formation of the Earth’s crust of a typical oceanic basin. It was presented in the form of oceanization (destruction and basification) of the continental crust with a slightly increased basicity. The process included the uplift and denudation of the upper block up to 10 km thick, the intrusion of mafic and ultrabasic rocks from the mantle in a concentration increasing with depth into the lower approximately 20—30 km of the crust. Seismic wave velocity and density in the crustal basement were almost equal to the properties of the warmed mantle rocks. The final stage of magmatism was presented in a large part of the region during the period of recent activation by the removal of partially molten matter from the shallow asthenosphere up to the surface. Similar models have also been constructed for other endogenous regimes. In all cases, significant scatter in the ages of the process stages and the order of formation of asthenolite sources rising from different depths of the upper mantle were unavoidable. The resulting thermal models were averaged effects for the considered variants of heat and mass transfer. The control of the reality of these constructions was carried out according to the correspondence of known events of geological history, allowing a quantitative description, and anomalies of physical fields. In this work, the second part is considered. The calculated velocity sections of the upper mantle regions, the heat flow distribution, and the values of mantle gravity anomalies were compared with the experimental data. In all cases, the agreement reached is satisfactory. The discrepancies can be explained by errors in observations and calculations
Geophysical technology for determining the ground parameters (methods and apparatus)
Authors: Bondarenko M.S. , Yevstakhevych Z.M. , Kulyk V.V. , Diachenko S.I. , Dmytrenko O.V. , Kamilova O.V. 
Published: March 2023

At the Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine a modern technology for ground investigation has been created for solution of the engineering geological problems, including seismic microzonation. Technology is based on the methods and apparatus of radioactive logging (RL), which involves neutron-neutron logging (NNL), gamma-gamma density logging (DL) and gamma-ray logging (GR).
The paper presents the results of the development of radioactive logging apparatus as an integral part of the new technology. Set of prototype dual-channel tools, namely 2NNL (dual-spacing NNL) and DL+GR, prototype three-component tool 2NNL+DL+GR, surface control and registration console were developed and produced on the basis of the modern elemental base.
The 2NNL tool makes it possible to determine neutron porosity in two ways: single-sonde method and compensation method. Compensation neutron logging, in particular, aims to determine the porosity in the presence of anomalous neutron absorbers in the rock, and also, in combination with the single-sonde method, to estimate the content of anomalous absorbers.
GR-channel of the DL+GR tool was equipped the same gamma-ray detector as the DL-channel. Here, the GR-detector performs a dual function: 1) integral registration of natural gamma-ray of ground, 2) account of natural background in the total readings of the DL-detector.
The three-component radioactive logging tool combines three RL-methods and includes all the advantages of dual-channel tools. The obtaining a results in one trip by this tool is particularly important for relatively deep boreholes.
According to the experimental results, the optimal intervals between sources and detectors of radiation in the created combined RL tools were established. The importance of adjustment and controlling the signals of sensors of the RL tools is shown; the new console allows to perform these procedures operational.
The created apparatus increases the productivity and efficiency of logging operations by reducing the number of trips, digital recording, storage and transmission of information, and by using of a computer programs for processing and interpreting the results of borehole measurements. The effectiveness of the developed apparatus, together with the appropriate metrological and interpretation-methodical support, has been demonstrated on specific examples of borehole investigations and confirmed by independent laboratory data.
The technology allows to determine the following engineering geophysical parameters: total density, dry ground density, content of shale, porosity, volume moisture, water saturation factor, groundwater level, etc.
Judicial law-making as a way to overcome the "exceptional legal problem" in continental and general law
Authors: Yasynyok D. 
Published: March 2023

The article examines issues related to the enforcement process in civil proceedings both in the field of continental and common law. In particular, the work draws attention to the fact that today a new procedural and legal reality has essentially emerged in the civil justice system of Ukraine, when the settlement of disputed relations is carried out at the expense of judicial law-making in the presence of legislative gaps.
At the same time, the author emphasizes that although courts do not make law, but in the presence of legal inconsistency of legal norms or their uncertainty regarding disputed relations, the court is forced to resort to judicial law-making in the presence of incompleteness, vagueness or contradiction of legal norms or their absence.
The institution of judicial law-making also has a place in the field of general (precedent) law. Unlike continental law, the basis for such a law-making process is a legal case, which is overcome at the expense of the law-making process, based on the judge's perception of justice, existing social and moral values, customs or traditions.
The work reveals the different legal nature of judicial law-making, which is inherent in both continental and common law. In particular, the work claims that judicial law-making in continental law is based exclusively on current legislation, within which there are legislative gaps. Thus, judicial law-making in continental law will always have a local character, as it is aimed exclusively at filling local legislative gaps (vacuities), and therefore it cannot go beyond a certain field of statutory law. At the same time, judicial law-making in common law is of a general nature and is not based on statutory law, as it is aimed at overcoming a legal case during which a new legal doctrine, principle or new rule or provision is formed. For these reasons, judicial law-making in continental law will never "pass" into the sphere of common law, although in both the first and second cases, legal formulas created by judges to settle disputed relations may be of an imperative nature for law enforcement practice and those other courts.
Thus, the presence of the institution of judicial law-making in both of these legal families gives grounds for asserting that continental and common law, albeit slowly, are beginning to converge and penetrate each other's procedural matter.
Digital rights in the civil legislation of Ukraine
Authors: Karandas M. 
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the study of "digital rights" in the civil legislation of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of Ukrainian legislation, concepts of the development of provisions of national legislation in the field of "digital rights", scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, international experience of implementing "digital rights" in certain countries of Europe and South America, providing practical recommendations for improving Ukrainian civil legislation in the above-mentioned topic. Attention is drawn to gaps in national legislation in the analyzed area. Examples of practical application of "digital rights" are given.
The article analyzes the concept of "digital rights", the "Internet" network, the right to anonymity, and gives its own definition of the mentioned terms. It is summarized that the given terms need to be legislated. A list of "digital rights" that need to be codified has been determined: the right to free access to the Internet, the right to digital self-determination, the right to use electronic tools of democracy, the right to anonymity, and the right to be forgotten. The importance of the codification of the above-mentioned group is argued, and attention is focused on the advantages that Ukrainian society will have after the introduction of the specified rights into the national legislation. The practice of the European Court of Human Rights is analyzed. Statistical data showing an increase in the number of users of the digital space is taken into account as one of the reasons for the codification of the specific group of "digital rights".
As a conclusion, it was established that the current Ukrainian legislation, which regulates the highlighted issue, needs fundamental changes and improvement and the creation of a comprehensive approach to the settlement of the specified issue. A conclusion was also made about the possibility of introducing a defined list of "digital rights" into the updated Civil Code of Ukraine.
Legal aid in court of first instance in civil process
Authors: Shpak M. 
Published: March 2023

In the scientific article study of issues of legal aid in the court of first instance in civil proceedings. The author of this scientific work notes that since the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century in Ukraine, significantly complicated opportunities activities of lawyers who are able to provide a special type of legal aid (professional juristic) interested persons in cases that are considered in civil proceedings.
The work of lawyers in civil proceedings became very difficult through constant novelty in currently legislation (including national civil procedural).
In this scientific article, the author believes that considering the circumstances that Ukraine received the status candidate in the European Union is also a major challenge about the need for improvement a number of legislative acts which are related activities of lawyers in courts of the 1st instance in civil proceedings.
The author of this article thinks that need a solution to the problem of improvement provisions regarding the lawyer's request and its examination by the court at the level of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine.
In this regard, the author propose to the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine add a new article 951.
It is emphasized, activity of a lawyer in civil proceedings who provides a special type of legal aid (professional legal aid) is what helps not only for clients, and for justice and civil proceedings.
In this scientific work is described of special importance legal aid in civil process in courts of first instance. This instance of civil proceedings is primary and on it the applicant is trying protect rights for the first time.
The author of this scientific article believes that in 2022 year legal aid in civil cases which are considered in courts of first instance got special importance. This is due to many factors.
Termination of the proceedings in administrative cases in the conditions of the regal regime of martial law
Authors: Shkuropatskyi O. , Shkuropatska M. , Artiushenko O. 
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the issues of the relevance of procedural legislation during martial law and the possibility of conducting administrative proceedings by courts under the existing legal regulation.
The norms of the current legislation, which regulate the issue of suspension of proceedings in administrative proceedings and the effectiveness of their application in the conditions of the introduction of the legal regime of martial law on the territory of Ukraine, have been studied. The authors draw attention to the fact that under the conditions of the legal regime of martial law in Ukraine, courts are faced with the problem of changes in the performance of their functions by subjects of authority, in the work of legal entities, changes in the place of residence/stay, and the presence of the parties to the administrative process in the territories , temporarily not under the control of Ukraine, the lack of communication with the participants in the case makes it impossible for the court to consider existing cases, while the procedural legislation does not provide for the possibility for the court to get out of the conflict situation, without violating the rights of the participants in the process or the terms of consideration of the case. The article considers the cases of the possibility of stopping the proceedings in administrative cases, in cases in which their consideration during the martial law becomes impossible without observing the basic principles of judicial procedure, in particular, staying in the territory temporarily not under the control of Ukraine, the transfer of the participant in the case - the subject of the authorities in a simple , if one of the parties or a third person is a military unit, a military serviceman in cases where such persons are in a combat zone, when the place of registration is located in a territory temporarily not under the control of Ukraine, being in captivity or being declared missing; stay in the service or assigning the participant to the subjects involved in rescue and other work aimed at eliminating the consequences of military aggression.
The provisions of Clause 5, Part 1, Art. 236 of the Code of Administrative Procedure of Ukraine and it is emphasized that the legislator, when choosing the wording of the specified article, chose the term "is in the composition" and not "is serving in the composition", which indicates the universality of the specified norm for both individuals and legal entities, in particular military units .
Ways to solve the issue and changes that can be made to the current legislation to get out of the conflict situation without violating the rights of the participants in the process or the terms of the case are proposed.
Bellator Equus. The Late Republic and the Extinction of the Citizen Cavalry
Authors: István Fábián 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Roman Cavalry of the Late Republic could cope with the more “traditional” units of the Hellenistic world, moreover it proved to a be rather versatile in terms of equipment and tactics, even though many historians considered, to be ineffective. Due to the many new challenges on the battlefield and in Roman policy citizen cavalry was doomed to extinction. The present paper analyses a few military and political causes its disappearance.
Diabetic nephropathy with primary membranous nephropathy: A case report
Authors: Ma Donghong , Hou Yulong , Jia Xinyan , Guo Minghao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular diseases in diabetes. Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in adults. Incidence of DN and PMN are increasing. DN complicated with PMN is rarely reported. We report a case of DN with PMN. Early diagnosis is very important, and appropriate treatment can often achieve good results.
Treatment with rituximab and hydroxychloroquine in a patient with membranous nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy: A case report
Authors: Ning Xiaoyuan , Xu Na , Chen Mengke , Xu Jiayun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome (NS), which includes primary and secondary types, is one of the causes of end-stage kidney disease. Common causes in adults include diabetic nephropathy (DN), membranous nephropathy (MN), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. About 30%–40% of diabetics can develop into DN. The incidence of primary nephrotic syndrome in diabetic patients was not significantly different from that in the general population. Herein we present a windfall from the treatment of rituximab combined with hydroxychloroquine in a patient with primary MN and DN. A 51-year-old Chinese man, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 12 years ago, was admitted to the hospital due to edema of bilateral lower limbs and severe proteinuria. Serology showed the obvious elevation of the anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R) level and renal biopsy showed MN concomitant with DN. After low dosage of prednisone and standard dosage of rituximab, the patient’s proteinuria decreased; however, the effect was unsatisfactory and proteinuria was elevated again in 8 months. Thus, treatment with rituximab and hydroxychloroquine was initiated, which resulted in proteinuria diminishing significantly and albumin returning to normal level. Therefore, even complicated with DN, patients diagnosed with primary MN still have a promising remission after being treated with rituximab and hydroxychloroquine.