bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A market consistent approach to the valuation of no-negative equity guarantees and equity release mortgages
Authors: Buckner Dean , Dowd Kevin , Hulley Hardy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper provides a new market consistent approach to the valuation of no negative equity guarantees and equity release mortgages. The paper provides a new approach to the estimation of volatility inputs. The proposed approach to volatility produces a volatility term structure that is dependent on the age and gender of the borrower. Illustrative valuations are provided based on the Black ’76 put pricing formula and mortality projections based on the M5 Cairns–Blake–Dowd mortality model. Results show interesting ramifications for industry practice and prudential regulation.
Buy-ins, buy-outs, longevity bonds, and the creation of value
Authors: MacMinn Richard , Lin Yijia , Shi Tianxiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLongevity risk is the risk that people on average will live longer than expected. That potential increase in life expectancy exposes corporations and pension funds to the risk of having insufficient funds to pay a more extended stream of annuity benefits. Buy-ins, buy-outs, and longevity bonds provide pension funds with insurance and financial market instruments to hedge their longevity risk. The most straightforward instruments and the most robust markets are currently for buy-ins and buy-outs. The model developed here shows that these instruments transfer value to pension holders and, other things being equal, would not be used by firms since shareholder value is reduced. The analysis, however, also shows that these instruments can be used to solve the under-investment problem created by underfunded pension plans and so increase not only the pension fund value but also the corporate stock value.
The maximal size of a minimal generating set
Authors: Harper Scott 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A generating set for a finite group G is minimal if no proper subset generates G, and

$m(G)$

denotes the maximal size of a minimal generating set for G. We prove a conjecture of Lucchini, Moscatiello and Spiga by showing that there exist

$a,b> 0$

such that any finite group G satisfies

$m(G) \leqslant a \cdot \delta (G)^b$

, for

$\delta (G) = \sum _{p \text { prime}} m(G_p)$

, where

$G_p$

is a Sylow p-subgroup of G. To do this, we first bound

$m(G)$

for all almost simple groups of Lie type (until now, no nontrivial bounds were known except for groups of rank

$1$

or

$2$

). In particular, we prove that there exist

$a,b> 0$

such that any finite simple group G of Lie type of rank r over the field

$\mathbb {F}_{p^f}$

satisfies

$r + \omega (f) \leqslant m(G) \leqslant a(r + \omega (f))^b$

, where

$\omega (f)$

denotes the number of distinct prime divisors of f. In the process, we confirm a conjecture of Gill and Liebeck that there exist

$a,b> 0$

such that a minimal base for a faithful primitive action of an almost simple group of Lie type of rank r over

$\mathbb {F}_{p^f}$

has size at most

$ar^b + \omega (f)$

.
The Revolution of the Black Diamond Republic: Negotiating Socialism and Autonomy in the Jiu Valley, 1918-1919
Authors: Glont Anca 
Published: August 2023

AbstractScholars frequently portray the end of the Habsburg Monarchy as driven by nationalist revolutions in the provinces. The experience of the Jiu Valley, Transylvania’s largest coal basin, demonstrates that nationalism was neither the only basis for revolution nor the most popular in all parts of the province. The multiethnic working class of Jiu embraced revolution as a response to state failures to provide basic services in a worsening wartime economy, even as state demand for coal rose. The miners created the Black Diamond Republic in October 1918 as Austro-Hungarian armies collapsed in an effort to actively negotiate their status after the war. The miners embraced revolution not as a bid for independence or ethnic secession but as a means to maintain local union power and negotiate the conditions of their inclusion in either Romania or Hungary. While “Romanian” and “Hungarian” councils were formed, such identities in Jiu were also linked to occupation (worker, peasant, or intellectual) rather than clear definitions of ethnicity.
Jinn and Jins: Sensuous Piety as Queer Ethics
Authors: El Shakry Hoda 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article explores the speculative short stories of Egyptian writers Alifa Rifaat (Alīfah Rifaʿat, 1930–1996) and Mansoura Ez-Eldin (Mansūrah ʿIzz al-Dīn, b. 1976) in conversation with scholarship from the anthropology of Islam, Islamic feminism, and queer theory. Rifaat’s 1974 “ʿĀlamī al-Majhūl” (“My World of the Unknown”) and Ez-Eldin’s 2010 “Jinniyyāt al-Nīl” (“Faeries of the Nile”) both stage queer encounters between women and jinn (sentient spirit-beings within Islamic cosmology) who provide spiritual actualization as well as sexual fulfillment. I argue that their emphasis on sensuous forms of piety—largely through Sufi mystical philosophy and poetic imagery—models a queer ethics of being and knowing. Addressing the polarized critical receptions of Rifaat and Ez-Eldin among both the Arabic literary establishment and Anglophone reading publics, the article further exposes the secular sensibilities of the “world republic of letters,” in which feminist and queer modes of reading are often uncoupled from spiritual, and particularly Muslim, epistemes.
How to improve the substantive interpretation of regression results when the dependent variable is logged
Authors: Rittmann Oliver , Neunhoeffer Marcel , Gschwend Thomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRegression models with log-transformed dependent variables are widely used by social scientists to investigate nonlinear relationships between variables. Unfortunately, this transformation complicates the substantive interpretation of estimation results and often leads to incomplete and sometimes even misleading interpretations. We focus on one valuable but underused method, the presentation of quantities of interest such as expected values or first differences on the original scale of the dependent variable. The procedure to derive these quantities differs in seemingly minor but critical aspects from the well-known procedure based on standard linear models. To improve empirical practice, we explain the underlying problem and develop guidelines that help researchers to derive meaningful interpretations from regression results of models with log-transformed dependent variables.
Survey mode and satisfaction with democracy
Authors: Ejaz Hamad , Thornton Judd R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA growing body of evidence indicates the public is less committed to democracy than conventional wisdom long held. One possibility is that many in the public have internalized the norm that democracy is “good” but that such support is not firmly held. An implication of this reasoning is that because there is an expectation to express support for democracy, responses will be influenced by the presence of an interviewer due to social desirability effects. In this note, we examine the 2012 and 2016 American National Election Studies—in each year, a portion of respondents were interviewed via the internet while others were interviewed face-to-face. We identify a politically relevant difference between the two survey modes: those interviewed face-to-face express greater satisfaction with democracy. Indeed, the difference we identify is similar in magnitude to the difference typically observed between electoral winners and electoral losers. Our result is robust to different measurement and estimation strategies. While levels of satisfaction are influenced by the presence of an interviewer, a followup analysis indicates that the relationship between satisfaction and winner–loser status is similar across modes.
International inequality and demand for redistribution in the Global South
Authors: Becker Bastian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite considerable progress, inequality between countries remains at staggering levels. However, we know surprisingly little about demand for international redistribution in the Global South. This is unfortunate as it hinders our understanding of the pressures governments experience to cooperate internationally. Therefore, this paper studies perceptions of international inequality and attitudes toward international aid, an important instrument for redistribution, in Kenya, a major recipient of aid. It features an SMS-based survey experiment, in which respondents are treated with information about international income differences. It is found that most respondents underestimate these differences and that providing accurate information lowers inequality acceptance. However, this does not translate into demand for aid. The findings question often-made assumptions about the popularity of aid and call for further investigation of other internationally redistributive policies.
GROUPS WITH FEW NONPOWER SUBGROUPS
Authors: ZHENG JIWEI , ZHOU WEI , TAYLOR D. E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor a group G and
$m\ge 1$
, let
$G^m$
denote the subgroup generated by the elements
$g^m$
, where g runs through G. The subgroups not of the form
$G^m$
are the nonpower subgroups of G. We classify the groups with at most nine nonpower subgroups.
A COUNTEREXAMPLE TO A RESULT OF JABERI AND MAHMOODI
Authors: SAHAMI A. , SHARIATI S. F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe show that
$\ell ^1(\mathbb {N}_\wedge )$
is
$\varphi $
-amenable for each multiplicative linear functional
$\varphi :\ell ^1(\mathbb {N}_\wedge )\rightarrow \mathbb {C}.$
This is a counterexample to the final corollary of Jaberi and Mahmoodi [‘On
$\varphi $
-amenability of dual Banach algebras’, Bull. Aust. Math. Soc.105 (2022), 303–313] and shows that the final theorem in that paper is not valid.
Untangling the relationship between BMI and academic achievement in the elementary years
Authors: Yu Baeksan , Kelly Sean 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough the negative relationship between BMI and academic achievement (AA) is well documented, no prior studies have investigated the potential bi-directional relationship between BMI and AA in childhood. We investigated the longitudinal relationships between child BMI and AA across different school subjects (reading, math and science) and sexes. To do so, we employed the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study kindergarten cohort (2011), which is a nationally representative sample of American children who entered kindergarten in 2010–2011. We utilised the kindergarten–fifth grade longitudinal sample (n 17 480) and applied cross-lagged panel models with fixed effects to address unobserved heterogeneity. Our results showed significant but small reciprocal relationships between BMI and math/science achievement for girls (n 8540) (year-to-year effect sizes ranged from –0·01 to –0·04), but not for reading. In contrast, we did not find any evidence of reciprocal relationships between BMI and AA for boys (n 8940). Our results reveal that early weight status and academic performance may be jointly responsible for a vicious cycle of poor AA and unhealthy weight. Breaking the cycle from AA may complement existing obesity prevention strategies, particularly for girls in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics field.
Effects of a preventive parenting intervention for bereaved families on the intergenerational transmission of parenting attitudes: Mediating processes
Authors: Rhodes C. Aubrey , Wolchik Sharlene A. , Uhlman Rana N. , O’Hara Karey L. , Sandler Irwin N. , Tein Jenn-Yun , Porter Michele M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study evaluated whether the Family Bereavement Program (FBP), a prevention program for parentally bereaved families, improved parenting attitudes toward parental warmth and physical punishment in young adult offspring 15 years after participation and identified mediational cascade pathways. One hundred fifty-six parents and their 244 offspring participated. Data were collected at pretest (ages 8–16), posttest, and six- and 15-year follow-ups. Ethnicity of offspring was: 67% non-Hispanic Caucasian, 16% Hispanic, 7% African American, 3% Native American, 1% Asian or Pacific Islander, and 6% other; 54% were males. There was a direct effect of the FBP on attitudes toward physical punishment; offspring in the FBP had less favorable attitudes toward physical punishment. There were also indirect effects of the FBP on parenting attitudes. The results supported a cascade effects model in which intervention-induced improvements in parental warmth led to fewer externalizing problems in adolescence/emerging adulthood, which in turn led to less favorable attitudes toward physical punishment. In addition, intervention-induced improvements in parental warmth led to improvements in anxious romantic attachment in mid-to-late adolescence/emerging adulthood, which led to more favorable attitudes toward parental warmth in emerging/young adulthood. These findings suggest that the effects of relatively brief prevention programs may persist into subsequent generations.
How you describe procurement calls matters: Predicting outcome of public procurement using call descriptions
Authors: Acikalin Utku Umur , Gorgun Mustafa Kaan , Kutlu Mucahid , Tas Bedri Kamil Onur 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA competitive and cost-effective public procurement (PP) process is essential for the effective use of public resources. In this work, we explore whether descriptions of procurement calls can be used to predict their outcomes. In particular, we focus on predicting four well-known economic metrics: (i) the number of offers, (ii) whether only a single offer is received, (iii) whether a foreign firm is awarded the contract, and (iv) whether the contract price exceeds the expected price. We extract the European Union’s multilingual PP notices, covering 22 different languages. We investigate fine-tuning multilingual transformer models and propose two approaches: (1) multilayer perceptron (MLP) models with transformer embeddings for each business sector in which the training data are filtered based on the procurement category and (2) a k-nearest neighbor (KNN)-based approach fine-tuned using triplet networks. The fine-tuned MBERT model outperforms all other models in predicting calls with a single offer and foreign contract awards, whereas our MLP-based filtering approach yields state-of-the-art results in predicting contracts in which the contract price exceeds the expected price. Furthermore, our KNN-based approach outperforms all the baselines in all tasks and our other proposed models in predicting the number of offers. Moreover, we investigate cross-lingual and multilingual training for our tasks and observe that multilingual training improves prediction accuracy in all our tasks. Overall, our experiments suggest that notice descriptions play an important role in the outcomes of PP calls.
The experiences of families of children with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative exploration
Authors: Sutherland-Foggio Malcolm S. , Stanek Charis J. , Buff Kimberly , Nahata Leena , Foster-Akard Terrah , Gerhardt Cynthia A. , Skeens Micah A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic posed new challenges to physical and psychological well-being. Families with pediatric cancer patients were particularly vulnerable due to changes like children staying at home, hospital policy shifts, and caring for an immunocompromised child. Limited research exists on COVID-19's effects on these families. This study aimed to assess the pandemic's impact and identify psychosocial support gaps.MethodsParticipants (N = 256) were parents of children with cancer recruited via Facebook in partnership with Momcology®, a community-based organization for pediatric cancer, between February and May 2021. Qualitative analyses used open-ended responses about the pandemic’s impact on the family.ResultsAnalysis revealed 6 themes, with positive and negative sentiments: family changes (n = 169; 61% negative), social isolation (n = 154; 100% negative), emotional impact (n = 143; 89% negative), school changes (n = 126; 80% negative), health-care changes (n = 111; 96% negative), and physical health (n = 49; 73% negative). Family changes overarched all themes and included financial strains, at-home schooling, and family bonding. Parents highlighted social isolation and the emotional impact of pandemic-related changes. School changes forced parents to balance remote-work and childcare. Health-care changes limited resources and visitation. Parents reported their children were less active and slept less but had fewer illnesses.Significance of resultsMany common pandemic challenges were exacerbated by the stress of caring for a child with cancer. Parents struggled most with loss of social support and feelings of isolation. Careful consideration should be given to providing resources for parents of children with cancer and their families.
Knowledge, goals, and misperceptions about palliative care in adults with chronic disease or cancer
Authors: Ramos Katherine , Kaufman Brystana G. , Winger Joseph G. , Boggins Abby , Van Houtven Courtney H. , Porter Laura S. , Hastings S. Nicole 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesLimited evidence investigates how knowledge, misconceptions, and beliefs about palliative care vary across patients with cancerous versus non-cancerous chronic disease. We examined the knowledge of and misconceptions about palliative care among these groups.MethodsWe used weighted data from the National Cancer Institute Health Information National Trends Survey 5 (Cycle 2) for nationally representative estimates and logistic regression to adjust for respondent characteristics. We identified respondents who reported having (1) cancer ([n = 585]; breast, lung, and colorectal), (2) chronic conditions ([n = 543]; heart failure, lung disease, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder), or (3) neither cancer nor other chronic conditions (n = 2,376).ResultsCompared to cancer respondents, chronic condition respondents were more likely to report being Black or Hispanic, report a disability, and have lower socioeconomic status. In the sample, 65.6% of cancer respondents and 72.8% chronic conditions respondents reported they had never heard of palliative care. Chronic condition respondents were significantly (p < 0.05) less likely to report high palliative care knowledge than cancer respondents (9.1% vs. 16.6%, respectively). In adjusted analyses, cancer respondents had greater odds of high palliative care knowledge (odd ratio [OR] = 1.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01, 2.86) compared to respondents with neither cancer nor chronic disease; chronic condition respondents did not have increased odds (OR = 0.96; CI = 0.59, 1.54).Significance of resultsDisparities in palliative care knowledge exist among people with non-cancerous chronic disease compared to cancer. Supportive educational efforts to boost knowledge about palliative care remains urgent and is critical for promoting equity, particularly for underserved people with chronic illnesses.
More Foxes than Hedgehogs: The Case for Nitrogen Fixation in Coastal Marine Sediments
Authors: Fulweiler Robinson W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNitrogen fixation is an important process connecting the vast atmospheric pool of di‐nitrogen gas to the biosphere. Nitrogen fixation is an energy intensive process, and it is historically thought to occur only to meet nitrogen demands. However, over the last two decades, research has demonstrated that sediment nitrogen fixation occurs in a variety of coastal environments, including those where reduced nitrogen is abundant. This can be met with skepticism when nitrogen fixation is viewed solely as a nitrogen limitation relief mechanism. Here, I propose that coastal sediments are actually ideal environments for nitrogen fixation and synthesize ideas on why this is the case. My goal is to help the community embrace a new paradigm for sediment nitrogen fixation and to see it as an important and even expected process. In doing so, I hope to motivate future research on the spatial and temporal rate dynamics of sediment nitrogen fixation as well as on the sediment nitrogen fixation community composition and activity.
Variability of the Auroral Footprint of Io Detected by Juno‐JIRAM and Modeling of the Io Plasma Torus
Authors: Moirano A. , Mura A. , Bonfond B. , Connerney J. E. P. , Dols V. , Grodent D. , Hue V. , Gérard J.‐C. , Tosi F. , Migliorini A. , Adriani A. , Altieri F. , Castagnoli C. , Cicchetti A. , Dinelli B. M. , Grassi D. , Moriconi M. L. , Noschese R. , Piccioni G. , Plainaki C. , Scarica P. , Sindoni G. , Sordini R. , Turrini D. , Zambon F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne of the auroral features of Jupiter is the emission associated with the orbital motion of its moon Io. The relative velocity between Io and the surrounding plasma trigger perturbations that travels as Alfvén waves along the magnetic field lines toward the Jovian ionosphere. These waves can accelerate electrons into the atmosphere and ultimately produce an auroral emission, called the Io footprint. The speed of the Alfvén waves—and hence the position of the footprint—depends on the magnetic field and on the plasma distribution along the field line passing through Io, whose SO2‐rich atmosphere is the source of a dense plasma torus around Jupiter. Since 2016, the Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) onboard Juno has been observing the Io footprint with a spatial resolution of ∼few tens of km/pixel. JIRAM detected evidences of variability in the Io footprint position that are not dependent on the System III longitude of Io. The position of the Io footprint in the JIRAM images is compared with the position predicted by a model of the Io Plasma Torus and of the magnetic field. This is the first attempt to retrieve quantitative information on the variability of the torus by looking at the Io footprint. The results are consistent with previous observations of the density and temperature of the Io Plasma Torus. However, we found that the plasma density and temperature exhibit considerable non‐System III variability that can be due either to local time asymmetry of the torus or to its temporal variability.
Evidence of CME‐Magnetospheric Shock Disturbance of the D‐Region Observed in the VLF Signal
Authors: NaitAmor S. , Ikhlef R. , Ammar A. , Ghalila H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe observation of the D‐region response to the interplanetary shock (IS) during the storm of 17 March 2015 is carried out using two very low frequency (VLF) transmitter signals (NRK and GQD) recorded at Algiers and Tunis. Data from THEMIS‐E and RBSP are used to correlate between the ground and satellite observations. The important finding is the wavy structure of the perturbations observed on the two VLF signals tens of seconds after the space detection of the shock, in concordance with the RBSP electric field measurements. The measured VLF signal amplitude and phase perturbations were: −0.65 dB, 5.81° for NRK and −0.12 dB, −126° for GQD measured at Algiers. For Tunis receiver, the perturbations were: −0.58 dB, 4.7° for NRK and 0.15 dB, −1.19° for GQD. In addition to the observations, simulations of the NRK signal perturbations were done using the long wavelength propagating capability code to determine the electron density modification that lead to the measured perturbations. The simulation results showed that the modified Wait's parameters above the NRK transmitter were: 80.391 km for h′ and 0.43 km−1 for β in the case of NRK‐Tunis path. Concerning the NRK‐Algiers path, the simulation gave 80.316 km for h′ and 0.431 km−1 for β. From these parameters values, the modified electron density was not important to explain the observed perturbations. Therefore, the IS effect could be explained by induced heating of the ionosphere due to the penetration of the electric field which leads to the changes of the ionospheric conductivity.