bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simple, safe and effective comprehensive home-based rehabilitation program in heart failure patients - an interventional pilot study.
Authors: Ciołkiewicz Mariusz , Wojciuk Mariusz , Kuryliszyn-Moskal Anna , Dakowicz Agnieszka , Sawicka Emilia , Kamiński Karol 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Rehabilitation plays an important role in the management of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). An optimal rehabilitation model for CHF patients consisting of exercise training, breathing exercises and inspiratory muscle training has not yet been established. This prospective interventional pilot study assessed the safety and effectiveness of a 6-month home-based caregiver-supervised rehabilitation program among CHF patients.
Methods: Analysis included a total of 54 CHF patients randomized into two groups: intervention group (28 patients), subjected to a 6-month home-based physical training and respiratory rehabilitation program and control group (26 patients) not included in rehabilitation program. The reference group consisted of 25 healthy individuals. The measurement of 6-min walk test (6MWT), respiratory muscle strength, quality of life assessment (SF-36, Fatigue Severity Scale – FSS) were performed prior to the start of the study and after 6 months. Occurrence of adverse events and adherence to training protocol were also assessed.
Results: As a result of objective problems caused by outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the course and final outcome of the study have differed from the original protocol, control group has not been assessed after 6 months. In the intervention group, 6 months physical training statistically significantly improved 6MWT distance by 37,86 m (p = 0.001) and respiratory muscle strength PImax by 20.21 cmH2O, PEmax by 20.75 cmH2O (p < 0.01). Statistically significant improvement was observed after the training period with the use of FSS questionnaire -0.68 (p = 0.029). Adherence to exercise protocol was on average 91.5 ± 15.3%. No serious adverse events were noted.
Conclusions: The home-based rehabilitation program that includes respiratory muscle training in CHF patients is safe and effective. It improves functional parameters and diminishes the level of fatigue.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03780803. Registered 12 December 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03780803
Genome- and transcriptome-wide identification of trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatases (TPP) gene family and their expression patterns under abiotic stress and exogenous trehalose in soybean
Authors: Shao Wenjing , Zhang Xinlin , Zhou Zhiheng , Ma Yue , Chu Duo , Wang Lei , Yang Yiming , Du Lin , Du Yanli , Du Jidao , Zhao Qiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) is an essential enzyme catalyzing trehalose synthesis, an important regulatory factor for plant development and stress response in higher plants. However, the TPP gene family in soybean has not been reported.
Results
A comprehensive analysis of the TPP gene family identified 18 GmTPPs classified into eight groups based on the phylogenetic relationships and the conservation of protein in six monocot and eudicot plants. The closely linked subfamilies had similar motifs and intron/exon numbers. Segmental duplication was the main driving force of soybean GmTPPs expansion. In addition, analysis of the cis-regulatory elements and promoter regions of GmTPPs revealed that GmTPPs regulated the response to several abiotic stresses. Moreover, RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis of the tissue-specific GmTPPs under different abiotic stresses revealed that most GmTPPs were associated with response to different stresses, including cold, drought, saline-alkali, and exogenous trehalose. Notably, exogenous trehalose treatment up-regulated the expression of most TPP genes under saline-alkali conditions while increasing the carbohydrate and trehalose levels and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in soybean sprouts, especially in the saline-alkali tolerant genotype. Furthermore, the interaction network and miRNA target prediction revealed that GmTPPs interacted with abiotic stress response-related transcription factors.
Conclusions
The findings in this study lay a foundation for further functional studies on TPP-based breeding to improve soybean development and stress tolerance.
Challenges in the assessment of epithelial dysplasia in oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesion: Inter and intra-observer variability of the WHO criteria and binary system
Authors: Marques Letícia Côgo , Santos Pâmella Pinho Montovani , Gonçalves Lúcio Souza , Cunha Karin Soares , Junior Arley Silva , Conde Danielle Castex 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Assessment of oral epithelial dysplasia is the gold standard for investigating the risk of malignant progression. The World Health Organization (WHO) methods and the binary system have limitations. In oral lichen planus (OLP) and in oral lichenoid lesion (OLL), the evaluation of epithelial dysplasia presents an additional difficulty due to the presence of epithelial alterations generated by the inflammatory process. This study aimed to assess the inter- and intra-observer variability of the architectural and cytological criteria and the classification of the presence and degree of epithelial dysplasia in OLP and OLL, using both the 2017 WHO criteria and the binary system.
Methods
The sample consisted of 65 biopsies from lesions classified as OLP and OLL according to the criteria proposed by the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (AAOMP) (excluding the absence of epithelial dysplasia for OLP). The histological slides were reevaluated by two oral pathologists.
Results
The individual alterations that showed the most inter-observer disagreement were atypical mitotic figures (43.1%), loss of cohesion between epithelial cells (38.5%), and drop shape rete ridges ridges (38.5%). Inter-observer agreement analysis did not show statistically significant agreement regarding the classification of epithelial dysplasia grade by WHO criteria, however, there was statistically significant agreement regarding the binary system classification (k = 0.257; p = 0.035). Intra-observer agreement analysis by evaluator 1 showed that the classification of epithelial dysplasia grade according to both methods had statistically significant agreement (k = 0.546; p = 0.004, k = 0.861; p < 0.001). Considering evaluator 2, only the evaluation of the WHO system classification showed statistically significant agreement (k = 0.593; p = 0.010).
Conclusions
The evaluation of epithelial dysplasia is subjective and influenced by each evaluator's individual experience. Subtle and focal changes and inflammatory infiltrate, characteristic of OLP and OLL, can increase the degree of disagreement among evaluators. The binary system presents better inter-observer agreement, while the WHO system presents better intra-observer agreement.
A Study on the Correlation between Physical Activity and Physical Fitness Index of Chinese Adolescents
Authors: Li Yong , Wang Jinxian , Zhang Yingkun , Wu Huipan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between PA and PFI among Chinese adolescents in order to enhance their physical activity levels.
Methods
A stratified cluster sampling method was utilized to select 4,220 Chinese adolescents aged 12–18 for testing and survey. The PA levels were analyzed using chi-square tests to explore the variations across different genders, school stages, and residential areas. Percentiles were employed to describe the PFI of the adolescents, and logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the correlation between PA and PFI.
Results
(1) The proportion of high-intensity physical activity was 67.11% among males and 48.54% among females. Among junior high school adolescents, the proportion was 63.23%, while among high school adolescents, it was 53.66%. Urban adolescents had a proportion of 58.85% for high-intensity PA, whereas rural adolescents had 54.84%. (2) Males had higher PFI than females, with values of -0.5120 and − 0.6489, respectively. High school adolescents had higher PFI compared to junior high school adolescents, with values of -0.3140 and 1.9816, respectively. Urban adolescents had higher PFI than rural adolescents, with values of -0.6113 and − 0.4767, respectively. (3) Significant differences were observed in the PA and PFI among Chinese adolescents (P < 0.01).
Conclusion
(1) Significant differences in PA levels were observed among adolescents regarding gender, school stages, and residential areas (P < 0.05). (2) The PFI of adolescents exhibited a left-skewed distribution. (3) There was a significant positive correlation between PA and PFI among Chinese adolescents (P < 0.01).
Treatment impact of newly approved therapeutic agents for metastatic urothelial carcinoma in Japan: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Inoue Yuta , Yamada Takeshi , Fujihara Atsuko , Miyashita Masatsugu , Shiraishi Takumi , Okumi Masayoshi , Hongo Fumiya , Ukimura Osamu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Although recent clinical trials of new therapeutic agents for metastatic urothelial carcinoma have shown prolonged overall survival, there are few real-world evidence. To assess the impact of new therapeutic agents, we performed retrospective analysis for consecutive 150 metastatic urothelial carcinoma patients who performed systemic therapy in our institution between May 2008 and December 2022. We defined a period from May 2008 to December 2017, when pembrolizumab was first introduced to the clinical setting in the new therapeutic agents for metastatic urothelial carcinoma in Japan, as “pre new drug era” and a period from January 2018 to December 2022 as “post new drug era”. We compared overall survival between pre- and post- new drug era using Kaplan-Meier method with log rank test. Median overall survival of pre- and post- new drug era were 14.47 months (95% confidence intervals: 11.64–16.67) and 23.08 months (95% confidence intervals: 12-51.85), respectively (p = 0.00134). Five-year survival rate of pre- and post- new drug era was 7.0% (95% confidence intervals: 2.4–15.3) and 33.8% (95% confidence intervals: 18.9–49.4), respectively. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis of factors associated with overall survival showed that post new drug era, administration of second-line or more systemic therapy, best overall response of SD, PR and CR in first-line systemic therapy, higher serum albumin and lower CRP were factors for overall survival prolongation. Introduction of new therapeutic agents for metastatic urothelial carcinoma contributed to the improvement of overall survival in comparison with the era without these agents.
Two cytoplasmic male sterility phenotypes in beet (Beta vulgaris L.): Implications of their simultaneous onset and divergent paths
Authors: Katsura Naoyuki , Itoh Kanna , Matsuhira Hiroaki , Kuroda Yosuke , Kubo Tomohiko , Kitazaki Kazuyoshi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a mitochondrion-encoded trait specifically affecting anthers. Several male sterility-inducing mitochondrial types are known, many of which affect the development of anther tapetum cells, but no sound explanation for this tissue's vulnerability has been proposed. To determine whether different male sterility-inducing mitochondrial types of the same plant species have similar cellular phenotypes, we compared anther development in two sugar beet CMS lines. We compared an Owen type CMS line used for hybrid breeding with the G type CMS line derived from wild beet. Both CMS lines have the same nuclear background. The tapetum of the G CMS line exhibited hypertrophy in the microspore stage, as reported previously in Owen CMS lines. Ultrastructural analysis revealed mitochondrial abnormalities, including low electron density and aberrant cristae appearing in the tapetum after meiosis in both lines. The Owen CMS line lacked Ubisch bodies and had poorly developed bacula and tecta in the pollen cell walls, whereas the G CMS line retained these features, but the pollen wall was highly deformed. Ultimately, microspores and the tapetum degenerated in both lines, and the male sterile phenotypes were eventually very similar. Although it had been hypothesized that mitochondrial activation was associated with CMS expression, mitochondria in the root apical meristem appeared normal in beet roots with G- and Owen type mitochondria. We propose that CMS expression includes at least two mechanisms: one triggers abnormal mitochondrial generation, and the other affects the type of developmental abnormality.
A Novel Chaotic and Neighborhood Search-based Artificial Bee Colony algorithm for Solving Optimization Problems
Authors: Xiao Wen-sheng , Li Guang-xin , LIU CHAO , Tan Li-ping 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
With the development of artificial intelligence, numerous researchers are attracted to study new heuristic algorithms and improve traditional algorithms. Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm inspired by the foraging behavior of honeybees, which is one of the most widely applied methods to solve optimization problems. However, the traditional ABC has some shortcomings such as under-exploitation and slow convergence. In this study, a novel variant of ABC named chaotic and neighborhood search-based ABC algorithm (CNSABC) is proposed. The CNSABC contains main three improved mechanisms including Bernoulli chaotic mapping with mutual exclusion mechanism, new neighborhood search mechanism and sustained bees. In detail, Bernoulli chaotic mapping with mutual exclusion mechanism is introduced to enhance the diversity and traversal of initial nectar sources and scout bees to find nectar sources, further to improve the exploration ability of peripatetic bees. A new neighborhood search mechanism and sustained bees are proposed to enhance the convergence efficiency and local exploitation capability of the algorithm. Subsequently, a series of experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the three presented mechanisms and the superiority of the proposed CNSABC algorithm. Compared with 8 existing approaches for testing 25 typical benchmark functions, including eight variants of ABC (ABC, CABC, NABC, qABC, SBABC, MPGABC, GABC and NGABC), and five other original basic algorithms (PSO, ABC, GWO, WOA and BOA), the results demonstrate that the proposed CNSABC has better convergence and search ability. Finally, the CNSABC is applied to solve two engineering optimization problems, experimental results show that CNSABC can produce satisfactory solutions.
MiR-138-5p improves the chemosensitivity of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line to paclitaxel
Authors: Rasoolnezhad Mina , Safaralizadeh Reza , Feizi Mohammad Ali Hosseinpour , Banan-Khojasteh Seyed Mahdi , Asl Elmira Roshani , Lotfinejad Parisa , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Chemotherapy is a predominant strategy for breast cancer (BC) treatment and paclitaxel (PTX) has been known as a conventional chemotherapeutic drug. However, insensitivity of BC cells to PTX limits the anti-tumor effects of this agent. MicroRNAs are closely related to BC which are suggested as therapeutic factors in the combination therapy of BC. We examined the possible efficacy of miR-138-5p restoration in combination with PTX to impove BC treatment.
Methods and Results
The human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was transfected with miR-138-5p mimics and treated with PTX, in a combined or separate manner. The MTT assay was accomplished to determine inhibitory doses of PTX. Annexin V/PI assay and DAPI staining were applied to evaluate apoptosis. Flow cytometry was applied to determine cells arrested in different phases of the cell-cycle. Expression levels of molecular factors involved in cell migration, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle were determined via western blotting and qRT-PCR.
MiR-138-5p combined with PTX suppressed cell migration via modulating MMP2, E-cadherin, and vimentin and sustained colony formation and proliferation by downregulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. qRT-PCR showed that miR-138-5p increases BC chemosensitivity to PTX by regulating the apoptosis factors, including Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase 3, and Caspase 9. Moreover, miR-138-5p restoration and paclitaxel therapy combined arrest the cells in the sub-G1 and G1 phases of cell cycle by regulating p21, CCND1, and CDK4.
Conclusions
Restored miR-138-5p intensified the chemosensitivity of MDA-MB-231 cell line to PTX, and the combination of miR-138-5p with PTX might represent a novel approach in BC treatment.
Usability of an artificially intelligence-powered triage platform for adult ophthalmic emergencies: A mixed methods study
Authors: Jindal Anish , Sumodee Dayyanah , de Resende Camilo Brandao , Melo Mariane , Neo Yan Ning , Lee Elsa , Day Alex C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
There is growing demand for emergency-based eyecare services where the majority of those attending do not require urgent ophthalmic management. The Royal College of Ophthalmologists have recommendedupskilling and supporting of allied health professionals to support eyecare delivery, where machine learning algorithms could help. A mixed methods study was conducted to evaluate the usability of an artificial intelligence (AI) powered online triage platform for ophthalmology. The interface, usability, safety and acceptability were investigated using a Think Aloud interview and usability questionnaires. Twenty participants who actively examine patients in ophthalmic triage within a tertiary eye centre or primary care setting completed the interview and questionnaires. 90% or more of participants found the platform easy to use, reflected their triage process and were able to interpret the triage outcome, 85% found it safe to use and 95% felt the processing time was fast. A quarter of clinicians reported that they have experienced some uncertainty when triaging in their career and were unsure of using AI, after this study 95% of clinicians were willing to use the platform in their clinical workflow following formal validation. This study showed the platform interface was acceptable and usable for clinicians actively working in ophthalmic emergency triage.
Model for Calculating Traffic Mass and Deceleration Delays Based on Traffic Field Theory
Authors: Zeng Junsheng , Liu Canqi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This essay identifies two typical bottlenecks that occur when a vehicle cannot change lanes: car following and car stopping. The ideas of traffic field and traffic mass are presented in this work. When there are other vehicles in front of the target vehicle within a particular distance, a force is created that affects the target vehicle's driving speed. The characteristics of the driver and the vehicle collectively determine the traffic mass; the driving speed of the vehicle and external variables have no bearing on this. From physical level, this study examines the vehicle's bottleneck when following a car, identifies the outside factors that have an impact on how it drives, takes into account that the vehicle will transform kinetic energy into potential energy during deceleration, and builds a calculation model for traffic mass. The energy-time conversion coefficient is created from an economic standpoint utilizing the social average wage level and the average cost of motor fuel. Vissim simulation program measures the vehicle's deceleration distance and delay under the Wiedemann car following model. The difference between the measured value of deceleration delay acquired by simulation and the theoretical value calculated by the model is compared using the conversion calculation model of traffic mass and deceleration delay. The experimental data demonstrate that the model is reliable since the error rate between the theoretical calculation value of the deceleration delay obtained by the model and the measured value of simulation results is less than 10%. The article's conclusion is that the traffic field has an impact on moving cars on the road and that physical and socioeconomic factors should be taken into account while studying vehicle following behavior. The deceleration delay value of vehicle's driving and traffic mass have a socioeconomic relationship that can be utilized to calculate the energy-time conversion coefficient when dealing with the bottleneck of cars stopping and starting.
Three-dimensional micro-X-ray topography using focused sheet-shaped X-ray beam
Authors: Yoneyama Akio , Ishiji Kotaro , Sakaki Atsushi , Kobayashi Yutaka , Inaba Masayuki , Fukuda Kazunori , Konishi Kumiko , Shima Akio , Takamatsu Daiko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
X-ray topography is a powerful method for analyzing crystal defects and strain in crystalline materials non-destructively. However, conventional X-ray topography uses simple X-ray diffraction images, which means depth information on defects and dislocations cannot be obtained. We have therefor developed a novel three-dimensional micro-X-ray topography technique (3D m-XRT) that combines Bragg-case section topography with focused sheet-shaped X-rays. The depth resolution of the 3D m-XRT depends mainly on the focused X-ray beam size and enables non-destructive observation of internal defects and dislocations with an accuracy on the order of 1 mm. The demonstrative observation of SiC power device chips showed that stacking faults, threading screw, threading edge, and basal plane dislocations were clearly visualized three-dimensionally with a depth accuracy of 1.3 mm. 3D m-XRT is a promising new approach for highly sensitive and non-destructive analysis of material crystallinity in a three-dimensional manner.
Impact of whole comorbidities on patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A Long-term Multicentre Retrospective Study in China
Authors: Lian Hui , Kou Lei , Han Xiaozhen , Zhu Rui , Sun Dong , Zhang Xin , Zhao Liukai , Yue Qianyu , Hou Xiaomeng , Cai Baiqiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease results in severe adverse outcomes and mortality. However, individual susceptibility to exacerbations remains largely unknown. Our study aimed to investigate the association between comorbidities and exacerbation outcomes.
Methods
We included patients with the primary discharge diagnosis of exacerbation between 1 January 2008 and 30 September 2019 in China. Data on all comorbidities were collected and analysed to determine the impact of the comorbidities on 1-year exacerbation readmission, length of hospital stay, and hospital cost. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed, and predictive models were developed.
Results
A total of 15,708 participants were included, with a median hospital stay of 10 days and an average hospital stay cost of 9873.0 RMB. Overall, 2,487 (15.8%) participants were readmitted within 1 year. Twenty-five of the top 100 most frequent comorbidities were included as main variables. The most widely distributed comorbidities were hypertension (38.6%), ischaemic heart disease (16.9%), and diabetes mellitus (16.6%). In the multivariable analysis model, older age, female, diabetes mellitus, malnutrition, hyperlipidaemia, arrhythmias, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, osteoporosis, and prostate hyperplasia were included, and they were positively associated with an increased 1-year readmission rate (concordance index: 0.701). Eight comorbidities, together with older age and male gender, were associated with prolonged length of stay (concordance index: 0.752). Seven comorbidities together with older age and male gender were associated with higher costs (concordance index: 0.713).
Conclusions
Our models provide a novel tool for clinicians to determine the risk of the 1-year recurrence of severe ECOPD in hospitalised patients. The results suggest that exacerbation is closely related to systemic disease status.