bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating Value at Risk From Implied Volatilities Using Machine Learning Meth-Ods and Quantile Regression
Authors: Blom Herman Mørkved , De Lange Petter , Risstad Morten 
Published: May 2023

In this study we propose a semi-parametric, parsimonious Value at Risk forecasting model, based on quantile regression and machine learning methods, combined with readily available market prices of option contracts from the over-the-counter foreign exchange rate interbank market. We aim at improving existing methods for VaR prediction of currency investments using machine learning. We employ two different methods - ensemble methods and neural networks.
Explanatory variables are implied volatilities with plausible economic interpretation. The forward-looking nature of the model, achieved by the application of implied volatilities as risk factors, ensures that new information is rapidly reflected in Value at Risk estimates. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to utilize information in the volatility surface, combined with machine learning and quantile regression, for VaR prediction of currency investments.
The proposed ensemble models achieve good estimates across all quantiles. The light gra-dient-boosting machine model and the categorical boosting model both yield estimates which are better than, or equal to, those of the benchmark model. The neural network models are in general quite unstable.
IDENTIFIKASI PERMASALAHAN DAN PENANGANAN PEMBIAYAAN PEMILIKAN RUMAH (PPR) MELALUI AKAD MURABAHAHPADA BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA (BSI) KCP RUNGKUT 1 SURABAYA
Authors: Shinta Wulandari Athiya , Setyowati Arin 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui identifikasi persoalan dan penanganan Pembiayaan Pemilikan Rumah (PPR) melalui akad murabahah di Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Surabaya Rungkut 1. Studi ini dirancang menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data melewati proses wawancara dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data yang digunakan adalah triangulasi sumber dan ada tiga tahap analisis data yaitu: Reduksi data, Penyajian Data (DisplayData), dan Penarikan Kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, Implementasi Pembiayaan Pemilikan Rumah (PPR) pada BSI KCP Surabaya Rungkut 1 dalam pembiayaan menggunakan akad murabahah, tetapi juga menggunakan akad wakalah sebagai pelengkap pelaksanaan akad murabahah.Pelaksanaan akad murabahah pada BSI sudah memenuhi fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor 4/DSN-MUI/IV/ 2000, sebagaimana yang telah dilakukan pihak bank yang melakukan akad wakalah terlebih dahulu lalu dilanjutkan pelaksanaan akad murabahah setelah pihak bank melakukan transaksi dengan developer.Beberapa ragam persoalan dalam proses pembiayaan pemilikan rumah (PPR) dan penangan yang dilakukan oleh pihak BSI Surabaya Rungkut 1 sebagai berikut; Jika nasabah telat mengangsur dalam jangka waktu yang lama maka pihak BSI KCP Surabaya Rungkut 1 akan melakukan restrukturisasi atau rekondisi, jika nasabah melakukan take over pembiayaan diperbolehkan asalkan tujuannya untuk pelunasan pembiayaan (selain tujuan itu tidak diperbolehkan), dan jika ada musibah yang mendadak seperti nasabah meninggal dunia atau mengalami kebakaran rumah. Maka pihak Bank akan mengclaim asuransi nasabah ditujukan dalam hal melunasi pembiayaan yang masih tersisa. Adapun penanganan untuk menanggulangi peningkatan NPF, pihak BSI KCP Surabaya Rungkut 1 tentunya akan melakukan upaya-upaya agar dapat meminimalisir risiko tersebut yaitu dengan berpatokan pada 5C sebelum memberikan pembiayaan kepada nasabah. 5C terdiri dari: Character, Capacity, Capital, Collateral, Condisi.
Experimental Modeling of the Mantle–Slab Interaction in the Metal–Carbonate System, Conditions of Crystallization and Indicator Characteristics of Diamond
Authors: Palyanov Yu.N. , Bataleva Yu.V. , Borzdov Yu.M. , Kupriyanov I.N. , Nechaev D.V. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
—Experimental studies aimed at determining the conditions for the formation of diamond and graphite as a result of the redox interaction of reduced mantle rocks and oxidized rocks of the slab in a wide temperature range, including the conditions of both “cold” and “hot” subduction, were carried out on a “split-sphere” multianvil high-pressure apparatus (BARS) in the (Fe,Ni)–(Mg,Ca)CO3 system, at 6.3 GPa and 800–1550 °C for 35–105 h, using the “sandwich” assembly. We have established that the interaction of Fe,Ni metal and carbonate is due to the creation and propagation of a redox front, at rates from 1.3 (800 °C) to 118 μm/h (1550 °C). At T &lt; 1200 °С, this interaction leads to the formation of alternating reaction zones (from the reduced center to the oxidized periphery): metal → metal + wüstite/magnesiowüstite → magnesiowüstite + graphite ± Mg,Fe,Ca carbonates → magnesite + aragonite. In this case, in the reduced part of the samples, the formation of a Ni,Fe metal phase strongly enriched in Ni (up to 65–70 wt.% vs. the initial 10 wt.%) was recorded. At higher temperatures, the formation of Fe,Ni metal–carbon (≥1200 °C) and carbonate (≥1330 °C) melts was observed. We have found that the presence of nickel precludes the formation of carbides in the reduced part of the sample and ensures stable diamond crystallization at 1400–1550 °C both in metal–carbon and carbonate melts. Our experiments demonstrate that diamonds from the metal–carbon melt are characterized by inclusions of taenite and magnesiowüstite. The morphology of these diamonds is determined by the {111} layer-by-layer grown faces, and their indicator characteristics are nitrogen–vacancy and nickel-related (884 nm) centers at 1400 °C or nickel–nitrogen centers (S3, 598 nm, 727 nm, 746 nm, etc.) at 1550 °C. For diamonds formed in the carbonate melt, the morphology is determined by the {100} and {111} (vicinal-growth) faces; carbonates are identified as inclusions; and nitrogen–vacancy centers H3, NV0, and NV– are fixed in the photoluminescence spectra. Experiments show that the indicator of the metal–carbonate interaction temperature is the degree of structural perfection of graphite, which increases in the range of 800–1550 °C.
Predictors of Persisting Pain in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Case Control Study Nested in the ReACCh-Out Cohort
Authors: McGrath Tara , Guzman Jaime , Tucker Lori , Shiff Natalie J , Yaskina Maryna , Tupper Susan , Rumsey Dax G 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
To identify baseline predictors of persisting pain in children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), relative to patients with JIA who had similar baseline levels of pain but in whom the pain did not persist.
Methods
We used data from the Research in Arthritis in Canadian Children emphasizing Outcomes (ReACCh-Out) inception cohort to compare cases of ‘moderate persisting pain’ with controls of ‘moderate decreasing pain’. Moderate pain was defined as a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain measurement score of > 3.5 cm. Follow-up was minimum 3 years. Univariate and Multivariate logistic regression models ascertained baseline predictors of persisting pain.
Results
A total of 31 cases and 118 controls were included. Mean pain scores at baseline were 6.4 (SD 1.6) for cases and 5.9 (1.5) for controls. A greater proportion of cases than controls were females (77.4% vs 65.0%) with rheumatoid factor positive polyarthritis (12.9% vs 4.2%) or undifferentiated JIA (22.6% vs 8.5%). Oligoarthritis was less frequent in cases than controls (9.7% vs 33%). At baseline, cases had more active joints (mean of 11.4 vs 7.7) and more sites of enthesitis (4.6 vs 0.7) than controls. In the final multivariate regression model, enthesitis count at baseline (OR 1.40, CI 95% 1.19–1.76), female sex (4.14, 1.33–16.83), and the overall Quality of My Life (QoML) baseline score (0.82, 0.69–0.98) predicted development of persisting pain.
Conclusions
Among newly diagnosed children with JIA with moderate pain, female sex, lower overall quality of life, and higher enthesitis counts at baseline predicted development of persisting pain. If our findings are confirmed, patients with these characteristics may be candidates for interventions to prevent development of chronic pain.
Trends of private drugs sales and costs incurred by patients on anti-tuberculosis drugs in selected districts of Jharkhand (2022): Results from sub-national TB free certification
Authors: Sinha Ratnesh , Rana Rishabh Kumar , Kujur Anit , Jahnavi G , Kumar Mithilesh , Venugopal Vinayagamoorthy , Priya Neha , Kujur Manisha , Jha Ravi Ranjan , Barnwal Rajan Kumar , Nishant Nikhil , Murmu Nisha , Pathak Rajeev , Edward Anupama T , Prasad Ranjit , Modi Bhavesh , Purty Anil J , Nagaraja Sharath Burugina , Nair Dina , Kumar Dewesh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background Government of India is committed to eliminate tuberculosis by 2025 under National Tuberculosis Elimination Program which provides free investigations and treatment as well as incentives for nutritional support during their treatment course.Many tuberculosis patients prefer to seek treatment fromthe private sector which sometimes leads tofinancial constraints for the patients. Our study aims to find the burden of tuberculosis patients in the private sector and the expenses borne by them for their treatment.Methodology :Sales data of Rifampicin-containing formulations drug consumption in the private sector of six districts of Jharkhand was collected from Clearing and Forwarding (C & F) agencies and drug controller office during the SNC activities in the state. Based on the drug sales data total incurring costs of the drugs, total private patient months, total number of patients and cost per patient seeking treatment from private sector were calculated for the year 2015–2021. Data collected was analysed using Jamovi and statistical test such as ANOVA and post hoc test- Tukey HSD method was applied to note the difference between districts.Results There was a marked difference amongst all the districts in relation to all the variables namely total costs, total private patient months, cost per patient and total private patients seeking treatment from the private sector which was statistically significant (p < 0.001).East Singhbhum had the highest out-of-pocket expense and private patients as compared to all 6 districts. Lohardaga showed the sharpest decline in total private patients from 2015 to 2021. The average cost borne by private patients (2015–2021) ranged from 553 INR/ 6.77 USD (Pakur) to 2441 INR/ 29.88 USD (Lohardaga).Conclusion From the study, it was concluded that purchase of medicines for tuberculosis treatment from private sector is one of theessential elements in out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) borne by tuberculosis patients. Hence, newer initiatives should be explored to foresee the future costs of out-of-pocket expenditure borne by the patients and decrease OOPE-induced poverty.
The causes for failed conversion of epidural labor analgesia to epidural surgical anesthesia: A controlled before-after study
Authors: Li Shuying , Gu Juan , Zhang Yan , Li Xuesheng , Xiong Xian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: There are few specific reports on the possible reasons for the failure of epidural labor analgesia (ELA) conversion to epidural surgical anesthesia (ESA). We designed this study to investigate the possible reasons for the failure of ELA conversion to ESA by comparing the changes in the spinal canal of parturients after continuous epidural analgesia during delivery and 24 hours after drug withdrawal through lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination.
Methods: The parturients who deliveried vaginally with ELA were included. Lumbar MRI examination was performed 2 hours after delivery and 24 hours after delivery. All data were transferred to a Siemens PACS workstation for measurement. The results of the MRI examinations 2 and 24 hours after delivery were compared. The primary outcomes were the area of the dural sac (DS) and epidural space (ES), and the secondary outcomes were the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of bilateral spinal ganglion and the longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of the dural sac. Data related to ELA were also recorded.
Results: MRI examination was completed at 2 hours after delivery in 11 parturients with ELA, and two of themrefused a second MRI. Among the 11 parturients, two were found to have obvious drug liquid accumulation in the epidural space, but one of the two refused the second MRI examination. Comparing the MRI examination completed at 2 hours with that completed at 24 hours after delivery, the area of the dural sac and the longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter (except L1-2) of the dural sac decreased at the L4-5, L3-4, L2-3 and L1-2 levels, while the area of the epidural space increased at the L4-5, L3-4, L2-3 and L1-2 levels. There were no signigicant differences in the bilateral ADC values between 2 and 24 hours after delivery.
Conclusion: ELA may lead to dilation of the epidural space, compression of the epidural sac, and even accumulation of epidural fluid. The reason for the failure of epidural conversion might be that the low concentration of local anesthetics retained in the epidural space during labor analgesia diluted the high concentration of local anesthetics during cesarean section. It might also be that ELA leads to epidural expansion and dural sac compression, which affect the diffusion of high concentrations of local anesthetics during cesarean section.
Trial registration: Chictr.org, ChiCTR2200059311. Registered on 28/04/2022. www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=167814.
Silver nanoparticles green-synthesized ethanol-water extract of Cleistocalyx operculatus buds and their antimicrobial activities
Authors: Nguyen Dien Trung , Nguyen Thi Hong , Hoang Hai Yen , Tran Thanh Huy , Thai Thi Tuyet Nhung 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the current study, using Cleistocalyx operculatus bud extracts to synthesize silver nanoparticles is considered a novel, eco-friendly, and low-priced process that advances chemical and physical methods. Cleistocalyx operculatus bud extracts played a dual part in reducing and stabilizing silver nanoparticles. The formation of silver nanoparticles was recognized on UV-Vis spectra at an absorption maximum of 432 nm. Transmission electron microscopy images detected the quasi-spherical nanoparticle shape with an average size of 26.2 nm corresponding with water extract and 27.5 nm synthesized by ethanol-water extract. The obtained silver nanoparticles had moderate stability with zeta potential ranging from −15.4 to −38.4 mV. The phase purity of the bio-synthesized materials was confirmed by an X-ray diffraction pattern. The Fourier-transform infrared analysis demonstrated hydroxyl groups acting as stabilizing agents in the extract. Silver nanoparticles synthesized from ethanol-water extract exhibited higher antibacterial and anticancer activity than nanomaterials prepared with water extract. Positive-gram bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Staphylococcus aureus, negative-gram bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella enterica), and cancer cell lines (lung cancer A549, hepatic cancer Hep-G2, epidermal carcinoma KB, and breast cancer MCF-7) were both inhibited by the nanoparticles synthesized with ethanol-water extract.
Comparative Analysis of Codon Usage Bias in Chloroplast Genomes of Ten Medicinal Species of Rutaceae
Authors: Shen Lianwen , Chen Shengqun , Liang Mei , Qu Shang , Feng Shijing , Wang Dawei , Wang Gang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Rutaceae family comprises economically important plants due to their extensive applications in spices, food, oil, medicine, etc. Better utilization of Rutaceae plants through biotechnology. Modern biotechnological approaches majorly rely on the heterologous expression of functional proteins in different vectors; however, several proteins are difficult to express outside their native environment. The expression potential of functional genes in heterologous systems can be maximized by replacing the rare synonymous codons in the vector with preferred optimal codons of functional genes. Codon usage bias plays an essential role in biogenetic engineering-based research and development. In the current study, 727 coding sequences (CDSs) obtained from the chloroplast genomes of ten Rutaceae plant family members were analyzed for codon usage bias. The nucleotide composition analysis of codons showed that these codons were rich in A/T(U) bases and preferred A/T(U) endings. Analyses of neutrality plots, effective number of codons (ENC) plots, and correlations between ENC and codon adaptation index (CAI) were conducted, which revealed that natural selection is a major driving force for the Rutaceae plant family’s codon usage bias, followed by base mutation. In the ENC vs. CAI plot, we observed that codon usage bias in the Rutaceae family had little relationship with gene expression level. For each sample, we screened 12 codons as preferred and high-frequency codons simultaneously, of which GCU encoding Ala, UUA encoding Leu, and AGA encoding Arg were the most preferred codons. Taken together, our study unraveled the synonymous codon usage pattern in the Rutaceae family, which may provide valuable information for the genetic engineering of Rutaceae plant species in the future.
Clinical Performance of a Multiparametric MRI-based Post Concussive Syndrome Index
Authors: Meyers Steven P , Hirad Adnan , Gonzalez Patricia , Bazarian Jeffrey J. , Mirabelli Mark H. , Rizzone Katherine H. , Ma Heather M. , Rosella Peter , Totterman Saara , Schreyer Edward , Tamez-Pena Jose G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) has shown measurable changes in the brains of patients with persistent post-concussive syndrome (PCS). Because of inconsistent results in univariate DTI metrics among patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), currently, there is no single objective and reliable MRI index for the clinical decision-making for patients with PCS.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a newly developed post-concussive syndrome index (PCSI) derived from machine learning of multiparametric MRI data, to classify and differentiate subjects with mTBI and PCS history from those without history of mTBI.MethodsData were retrospectively extracted from 139 patients aged between 18 and 60 years with PCS who had MRI examinations obtained 2 weeks to 1-year post-mTBI, as well as MRI data from 333 subjects without a history of head trauma. The performance of the PCSI was assessed by comparing patients with a clinical diagnosis of PCS to control subjects. The PCSI values for patients with PCS were compared based on mechanism of injury, time interval from injury to MRI examination, gender, prior concussion history, loss of consciousness, and reported symptoms.ResultsPatients with mTBI had a mean PCSI value of 0.57, compared to the control group, which had a mean PCSI value of 0.12 (p = 8.42e− 23) with accuracy of 88%, sensitivity of 64%, and specificity of 95% respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in PCSI values when comparing by mechanism of injury, gender, or loss of consciousness.ConclusionThe PCSI for individuals aged between 18 and 60 years was able to accurately identify patients with post-concussive injuries from 2 weeks to 1-year post-mTBI and differentiate them from controls. The study's results suggest that the multiparametric MRI-based PCSI has great potential as an objective clinical tool to support the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care of those with post-concussive syndrome. Future research is required to investigate the replicability of this method using other types of clinical MRI scanners.
Exercise Intervention and Improvement of Negative Emotions in Children: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Jiayu , Jiang Xiaoping , Huang Zan , Shao Tianyi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anxiety, depression, and stress are the most common mental health problems in childhood. Exercise interventions in childhood help to promote mental health. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between exercise interventions and improvement of negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, and stress in children (13 years or younger).
METHODS: Articles were searched in five electronic databases from their inception to January 2023. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0.
RESULTS: Twenty-three intervention studies included 6830 children. 1) The exercise intervention group was significantly better than the control group in improving negative emotions (Standard Mean Difference SMD=-0.25, 95% Confidence Intervals CI: -0.34 to -0.15, P<0.01). Exercise intervention improved different kinds of negative emotions: anxiety (SMD=-0.19, 95% CI: -0.33 to -0.06, P<0.01), depression (SMD=-0.22, 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.01, P<0.01), and stress (SMD=-0.33, 95% CI: -0.53 to -0.14, P<0.01); it was most effective at relieving problematic stress. Exercise interventions lasting 20-45 mins were most effective in improving children's negative emotions (SMD=-0.38, 95% CI: -0.56 to -0.20, P<0.01). An exercise intervention period of 10 weeks was more effective in improving children's negative mood (SMD=-0.26, 95% CI: -0.34 to -0.17, P=0.274).
CONCLUSION: Exercise interventions may improve negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, and stress in children. These findings may have clinical implications for children with negative affect. However, these studies showed a large heterogeneity, and the results should be interpreted with caution. Future studies should report the variability of exercise interventions by gender, age group, and type, intensity, and place of exercise.
Recombinant oncolytic adenovirus armed with CCL5, IL-12 and IFN-γ promotes CAR-T infiltration and proliferation in vivo to eradicate local and distal tumors
Authors: Zheng Junnian , Fang Lin , Yuan Sen , Wang Meng , Zhang Chen , Wang Xueyan , Li Hailong , Yang Jie , Li Wanjing , Sun Nan , Zhang Qi , Zhang Yuxin , Chai Dafei , Li Huizhong , Wang Gang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells for solid tumors remains unsatisfactory due to the limited tumor infiltration and immunosuppressive microenvironment. To overcome these limitations, the genetically engineered recombinant oncolytic adenoviruses (OAVs) that conditionally replicate in tumor cells were developed to modify the tumor microenvironment (TME) to facilitate CAR-T-mediated tumor eradication. Here in the present study, a novel recombinant OAV carrying CCL5, IL12 and IFN-γ controlled by Ki67 promoter was constructed (named AdKi67-C3). The antitumor activity of AdKi67-C3 was tested in vitro and in vivo by using mono administration or combing with CAR-T cells targeting B7H3. It proved that CCL5 expressed by AdKi67-C3 indeed induced more CAR-T migration in vitro and CAR-T infiltration in tumor mass in vivo. Meanwhile, cytokines of IFN-γ and IL12 secreted by AdKi67-C3-infected tumor cells significantly promoted proliferation and persistence of CAR-T cells in vitro and in vivo. In tumor-bearing xenograft mouse models of kidney, prostate or pancreatic cancer, local pretreatment with AdKi67-C3 dramatically enhanced CAR-T cell efficacy and eliminated local and distant tumors. More important, mice achieving complete tumor regression resisted to re-challenge with the same tumor cells, suggesting establishment of long-term anti-tumor immune response. Therefore, OAVs armored with cytokines could be developed as a bioenhancer to defeat the immunosuppressive microenvironment and improve therapeutic efficacy of CAR-T in solid tumors.