bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic prediction of subjective cognitive decline in major depressive disorder based on immune biomarkers: a prospective observational study
Authors: Wang Meiti , Wei Zheyi , Huang Qinte , Yang Weijie , Wu Chenglin , Cao Tongdan , Zhao Jie , Lyu Dongbin , Wang Fan , Zhou Ni , Huang Haijing , Zhang Mengke , Chen Yiming , Xu Yi , Ma Weiliang , Chen Zheng , Hong Wu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is highlighted in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), which impairs objective cognitive performance and worsens the clinical outcomes. Immune dysregulation is supposed to be the potential mechanism of cognitive impairment. However, the peripheral immune biomarkers in patients troubled with MDD and SCD are not conventionally described.

Methods
A prospective-observational study was conducted for 8 weeks. Subjective cognitive function was measured using the Chinese version of the 20-item perceived deficits questionnaire-depression (PDQ-D) and depression symptoms were evaluated with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 (HDRS-17). Luminex assays were used to measure 48 immune cytokines in plasma at baseline. Integrating these results and clinicopathological features, a logistic regression model was used to develop a prognostic prediction.

Results
Totally, 114 patients were enrolled in this study. Among the patients who completed follow-up, 56% (N = 50) had residual subjective cognitive decline, and 44% (N = 50) did not. The plasma levels of FGF basic, INF-γ, IL-1β, MCP-1, M-CSF and SCF were increased and the levels of IL-9, RANTES and PDGF-BB were decreased in the SCD group. Additionally, Basic FGF, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and SCF were positively correlated and IL-9, RANTES, and PDGF-BB were negatively correlated with the PDQ-D scores after treatment. Notably, combinations of cytokines (SCF and PDGF-BB) and PDQ-D scores at baseline showed good performance (The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.818) in the prediction of subjective cognitive decline.

Conclusion
A prognostic model based on protein concentrations of SCF, PDGF-BB, and scores of PDQ-D showed considerable accuracy in predicting residual subjective cognitive decline in depression.
Knowledge Graph Embeddings for ICU readmission prediction
Authors: Carvalho Ricardo M. S. , Oliveira Daniela , Pesquita Catia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntensive Care Unit (ICU) readmissions represent both a health risk for patients,with increased mortality rates and overall health deterioration, and a financial burden for healthcare facilities. As healthcare became more data-driven with the introduction of Electronic Health Records (EHR), machine learning methods have been applied to predict ICU readmission risk. However, these methods disregard the meaning and relationships of data objects and work blindly over clinical data without taking into account scientific knowledge and context. Ontologies and Knowledge Graphs can help bridge this gap between data and scientific context, as they are computational artefacts that represent the entities of a domain and their relationships to each other in a formalized way.Methods and resultsWe have developed an approach that enriches EHR data with semantic annotations to ontologies to build a Knowledge Graph. A patient’s ICU stay is represented by Knowledge Graph embeddings in a contextualized manner, which are used by machine learning models to predict 30-days ICU readmissions. This approach is based on several contributions: (1) an enrichment of the MIMIC-III dataset with patient-oriented annotations to various biomedical ontologies; (2) a Knowledge Graph that defines patient data with biomedical ontologies; (3) a predictive model of ICU readmission risk that uses Knowledge Graph embeddings; (4) a variant of the predictive model that targets different time points during an ICU stay. Our predictive approaches outperformed both a baseline and state-of-the-art works achieving a mean Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve of 0.827 and an Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve of 0.691. The application of this novel approach to help clinicians decide whether a patient can be discharged has the potential to prevent the readmission of$$40\%$$40%of Intensive Care Unit patients, without unnecessarily prolonging the stay of those who would not require it.ConclusionThe coupling of semantic annotation and Knowledge Graph embeddings affords two clear advantages: they consider scientific context and they are able to build representations of EHR information of different types in a common format. This work demonstrates the potential for impact that integrating ontologies and Knowledge Graphs into clinical machine learning applications can have.
Increasing cellular fitness and product yields in Pseudomonas putida through an engineered phosphoketolase shunt
Authors: Bruinsma Lyon , Martin-Pascual Maria , Kurnia Kesi , Tack Marieken , Hendriks Simon , van Kranenburg Richard , dos Santos Vitor A. P. Martins 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Pseudomonas putida has received increasing interest as a cell factory due to its remarkable features such as fast growth, a versatile and robust metabolism, an extensive genetic toolbox and its high tolerance to oxidative stress and toxic compounds. This interest is driven by the need to improve microbial performance to a level that enables biologically possible processes to become economically feasible, thereby fostering the transition from an oil-based economy to a more sustainable bio-based one. To this end, one of the current strategies is to maximize the product-substrate yield of an aerobic biocatalyst such as P. putida during growth on glycolytic carbon sources, such as glycerol and xylose. We demonstrate that this can be achieved by implementing the phosphoketolase shunt, through which pyruvate decarboxylation is prevented, and thus carbon loss is minimized.

Results
In this study, we introduced the phosphoketolase shunt in the metabolism of P. putida KT2440. To maximize the effect of this pathway, we first tested and selected a phosphoketolase (Xfpk) enzyme with high activity in P. putida. Results of the enzymatic assays revealed that the most efficient Xfpk was the one isolated from Bifidobacterium breve. Using this enzyme, we improved the P. putida growth rate on glycerol and xylose by 44 and 167%, respectively, as well as the biomass yield quantified by OD600 by 50 and 30%, respectively. Finally, we demonstrated the impact on product formation and achieved a 38.5% increase in mevalonate and a 25.9% increase in flaviolin yield from glycerol. A similar effect was observed on the mevalonate-xylose and flaviolin-xylose yields, which increased by 48.7 and 49.4%, respectively.

Conclusions
Pseudomonas putida with the implemented Xfpk shunt grew faster, reached a higher final OD600nm and provided better product-substrate yields than the wild type. By reducing the pyruvate decarboxylation flux, we significantly improved the performance of this important workhorse for industrial applications. This work encompasses the first steps towards full implementation of the non-oxidative glycolysis (NOG) or the glycolysis alternative high carbon yield cycle (GATCHYC), in which a substrate is converted into products without CO2 loss These enhanced properties of P. putida will be crucial for its subsequent use in a range of industrial processes.
Prevalence of malaria and associated clinical manifestations and myeloperoxidase amongst populations living in different altitudes of Mezam division, North West Region, Cameroon
Authors: Ngum Ntonifor Helen , Fakeh Ngahbort Belthine , Lem Abongwa Edith , Mahamat Oumar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Malaria is a growing problem in Africa, with prevalence varies from areas to areas due to several factors including the altitude. This study aimed to investigate the malaria distribution and its relationship with level of some blood parameters and plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) in population of three localities with different altitudes.

Methods
A total of 150 participants were recruited in each locality and facial body temperature of each was measured using a forehead digital thermometer. Blood samples were collected and used diagnose malaria parasite using the rapid test followed by Giemsa stain microscopy and have the full blood count and MPO level using a colorimetric method.

Results
The overall prevalence of falciparum malaria was 34.7%, with no difference between the three communities, but Bambili of high altitude had the highest prevalence (70.7%). A majority of the infected persons had mild malaria, with most cases being asymptomatic (temperature < 37.5 ºC). Patients had significant increase of geometric mean malaria parasite density (GMPD) in Bambili (1755 ± 216 parasites/µL) and Bamenda (1060 ± 2515 parasites/µL of blood) than patients in Santa (737 ± 799 parasites/µL). There was a significant risk to have malaria infection in Bambili (OR = 33.367, p = 0.021) than in Santa (OR = 2.309, p = 0.362). Bambili’ participants of 6–10 years showed a high prevalence of malaria (85.7%). GMPD was significantly different between males (p = 0.010) as well as females (p = 0.000). Participants from Santa (11.2 ± 3.2 g/dL) and Bambili (12.6 ± 2.4 g/dL) had a high haemoglobin concentration than those from Bamenda (10.6 ± 2.1 g/dL). There was a significant difference in the WBC counts and platelet counts among infected participants in the study areas. MPO level had an increasing trend among infected participants in Santa (2.378 ± 0.250), Bambili (2.582 ± 0.482) and Bamenda (2.635 ± 0.466).

Conclusion
The results of the present study demonstrated that altitudinal variations significant impact the risk of population to have malaria with high parasitaemia and may contribute to the malaria prevalence and severity by affecting the haemoglobin concentration, WBC and platelet level and plasma MPO in population.
Five ways ‘health scholars’ are complicit in upholding health inequities, and how to stop
Authors: Shahram Sana Z. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHealth scholars have been enthusiastic in critique of health inequities, but comparatively silent on the ways in which our own institutions, and our actions within them, recreate and retrench systems of oppression. The behaviour of health scholars within academic institutions have far reaching influences on the health-related workforce, the nature of evidence, and the policy solutions within our collective imaginations. Progress on health equity requires moving beyond platitudes like ‘equity, diversity and inclusion’ statements and trainings towards actually being and doing differently within our day-to-day practices. Applying complex systems change theory to identify, examine and shift mental models, or habits of thought (and action), that are keeping us stuck in our efforts to advance health equity is a promising approach. This paper introduces five common mental models that are preventing meaningful equity-oriented systems transformation within academia and offers ideas for shifting them towards progressively more productive, and authentic, actions by health scholars to advance health equity across systems.
Conversion hip arthroplasty for failed internal fixation of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures: a case report
Authors: Mencia Marlon M. , Cruz Pablo Pedro Hernandez 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Ipsilateral femoral neck and hip fractures are uncommon high energy injuries. In the literature no single method of treatment has emerged as superior to the others. A recent publication has documented the successful application of the rendezvous technique using dual-implants for treating these injuries. However in some cases, this technique may fail and revision surgery is required.

Case presentation
A 67-year old man sustained ipsilateral fractures of his femur and femoral neck in a road traffic accident. His injuries were treated by a dual construct consisting of a retrograde femoral nail and dynamic hip screw. Three months after surgery the hip screw cut out of the femoral head necessitating revision to a total hip arthroplasty. Surgery was carried out using a single stage two part procedure on a standard operating table without having to reposition or redrape the patient. There were no postoperative complications and at 1 year from surgery the patient is satisfied with the result and has returned to work.

Conclusion
Conversion hip arthroplasty in the presence of dual implants is a technically challenging and unpredictable procedure, with an increased risk of complications. Our surgical approach provides a framework for orthopedic surgeons to safely perform this complex procedure.
Application of the Elzaki iterative method to fractional partial differential equations
Authors: He Yong , Zhang Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article, we present an iterative transformation method for solving fractional partial differential equations that combines the Elzaki transform and iterative methods. By this iterative transformation method, numerical solutions in the form of series are obtained. When we apply this method to the fractional linear Klein–Gordon equation, we find that it yields the same results, just like the Homotopy perturbation method. The procedures and results of this method for solving the new generalized fractional Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV equation are given in the paper.
Six-minute walk test may be a reliable predictor of peak oxygen uptake in patients undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Andrade Francini Porcher , Ribeiro Heitor Siqueira , Benvenutti Heloíse , de Oliveira Samantha Gonçalves , Thomé Fernando Saldanha , Veronese Francisco Veríssimo , Rovedder Paula Maria Eidt 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiorespiratory fitness seems to play an important role in the general health of patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). However, the prediction of peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) in a clinical setting is not widely adopted for these patients.

Objectives
Evaluate the agreement and reliability between directly and indirectly V̇O2peak measurements in patients undergoing HD.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study with patients undergoing HD that performed a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) with 5/10 watts incremental load in each minute using a cycle ergometry to directly evaluate the V̇O2peak, and the 6-min walk test (6MWT) in a 30-m corridor to indirect measures it. Both tests were performed on a midweek non-dialysis day. Bland–Altman analysis of agreement limits was used with direct and indirect V̇O2peak values. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s Alpha was used to evaluate the reproducibility and reliability between direct and indirect V̇O2peak values.

Results
Twenty-six patients (54.4 ± 14.5 years, 53.8% of male) were evaluated. The V̇O2peak direct mean obtained through CPET was 15.91 ± 5.26 (ml/kg/min), while the indirect mean obtained through 6MWT was V̇O2peak of 14.89 ± 4.21 (ml/kg/min). There was a strong positive correlation between both V̇O2peak values (r = 0.734; p < 0.001). The Bland–Altman analysis demonstrated that the methods agreed with each other (p = 0.103). Also, the ICC (0.829) and Cronbach's Alpha (0.846) showed excellent reproducibility and reliability.

Conclusions
6MWT is a reliable tool for estimating V̇O2peak in patients undergoing HD.
‘A foreigner is not a person in this country’: xenophobia and the informal sector in South Africa’s secondary cities
Authors: Tawodzera Godfrey , Crush Jonathan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSouth Africa’s major cities are periodically wracked by large-scale xenophobic violence directed at migrants and refugees from other countries. Informal sector businesses and their migrant owners and employees are particularly vulnerable targets during these attacks. Migrant-owned businesses are also targeted on a regular basis in smaller-scale looting and destruction of property. There is now a large literature on the characteristics and causes of xenophobic violence and attitudes in South Africa, most of it based on quantitative and qualitative research in the country’s major metropolitan areas. One of the consequences of big-city xenophobia has been a search for alternative markets and safer spaces by migrants, including relocating to the country’s many smaller urban centres. The question addressed in this paper is whether they are welcomed in these cities and towns or subject to the same kinds of victimization as in large cities. This paper is the first to systematically examine this question by focusing on a group of towns in Limpopo Province and the experiences of migrants in the informal sector there. Through survey evidence and in-depth interviews and focus groups with migrant and South African vendors, the paper demonstrates that xenophobia is also pervasive in these smaller centres, in ways that both echo and differ from that in the large cities. The findings in this paper have broader significance for other countries attempting to deal with the rise of xenophobia.
Conceptual analysis of the combined effects of vaccination, therapeutic actions, and human subjection to physical constraint in reducing the prevalence of COVID-19 using the homotopy perturbation method
Authors: Kolawole Mutairu Kayode , Olayiwola Morufu Oyedunsi , Alaje Adedapo Ismaila , Adekunle Hammed Ololade , Odeyemi Kazeem Abidoye 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has put the world's survival in jeopardy. Although the virus has been contained in certain parts of the world after causing so much grief, the risk of it emerging in the future should not be overlooked because its existence cannot be shown to be completely eradicated.

Results
This study investigates the impact of vaccination, therapeutic actions, and compliance rate of individuals to physical limitations in a newly developed SEIQR mathematical model of COVID-19. A qualitative investigation was conducted on the mathematical model, which included validating its positivity, existence, uniqueness, and boundedness. The disease-free and endemic equilibria were found, and the basic reproduction number was derived and utilized to examine the mathematical model's local and global stability. The mathematical model's sensitivity index was calculated equally, and the homotopy perturbation method was utilized to derive the estimated result of each compartment of the model. Numerical simulation carried out using Maple 18 software reveals that the COVID-19 virus's prevalence might be lowered if the actions proposed in this study are applied.

Conclusion
It is the collective responsibility of all individuals to fight for the survival of the human race against COVID-19. We urged that all persons, including the government, researchers, and health-care personnel, use the findings of this research to remove the presence of the dangerous COVID-19 virus.
The implementation of reparations in the Inter-American human rights system
Authors: Sommer Christian G. , Sola Victorino F. 
Published: January 2023

Reparations as a consequence of the harm suffered by individuals is a general principle of law, recognized by States as a mechanism to compensate for the harm caused by others. In the regional systems for the protection of human rights, the courts have made important advances throughout their operation in generating progressive interpretations of the principle of reparations as a consequence of human rights violations by States. In the inter-American human rights system, the role of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights has had an important evolutionary development on the interpretations of how States should repair violations committed in their territories.
As has already been indicated in the international arena as well as by national courts, reparation for the harm caused is not simply the payment of sums of money. This would be the simplest form that States would have for having caused human rights violations or even crimes against humanity. For this reason, the Inter-American Court, since its first case, has been indicating to the States that economic reparation is only one part of the State's obligation to make reparations. The most important judgments that the regional Court has indicated in its 40 years are marked by the so-called “non-pecuniary reparations”. In other words, reparations that seek to ensure that the events that occurred do not happen again, that the States commit to train their officials in human rights and respect for persons, build schools, hospitals, and roads to improve the living conditions of the victims, etc.
For further more about this evolution, this paper develops the main jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court on reparations and how international law has already set important standards to be applied by States.
Effects of garlic and onion powder on egg production, antioxidant status and some blood parameters in chukar partridges
Authors: Harman Halil 
Published: January 2023

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of onion-garlic powder on egg production, antioxidant capacity and blood biochemistry in chukar partridges (Alectoris chukar). The study was conducted for 12 weeks during the laying period and a total of 240 partridges were divided into 4 groups (control, 1% onion, 1% garlic, and 1% onion and 1% garlic). The highest total antioxidant capacity, feed consumption and egg production were determined in the garlic group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively) and the lowest egg production and feed intake was observed in the onion group. Egg production in the garlic –onion mixture group was also higher than the control and only onion group (P < 0.01). While there was no statistical difference in blood HDL, LDL, glucose, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphorus levels (P > 0.05), blood urea, ALT, AST levels were higher (P < 0.05) in the garlic group with the highest egg production and feed intake (P < 0.01) compared to the control and onion groups. Unlike many studies, the highest cholesterol levels were determined in the garlic supplemented group (P < 0.05) and the expected positive effects were not seen in onion powder.
Rapid Resolution of Megaesophagus by Low-dose Levothyroxine in a Hypothyroid dog with Mitral Valve Degeneration
Authors: Lee Dohee , Yun Taesik , Koo Yoonhoi , Chae Yeon , Kang Byeong-Teck , Yang Mhan-Pyo , Kim Hakhyun 
Published: January 2023

A 14-year-old intact female Maltese dog weighting 4.84kg was presented with acute regurgitation. At presentation, the dog was diagnosed with megaesophagus and primary hypothyroidism based on the radiography and thyroid-stimulating hormone stimulation test, respectively. Treatment was initiated with oral low-dose levothyroxine (0.0025 mg/kg b.w., orally, SID) considering underlying myxomatous mitral valve disease. Ten days after the management, the clinical and radiographic signs of megaesophagus were completely resolved. The dog was managed by levothyroxine administration with a gradual increase of the dose along with the monitoring of serum thyroxine concentrations since the dog was diagnosed with hypothyroidism. At 10 months after presentation, the dog continued to do well clinically. This is first case report describing rapid resolution of generalized megaesophagus after low-dose levothyroxine administration considering underlying cardiac disease in a hypothyroid dog.