bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the role of network topology in German-Jewish recommendation letter networks in the early twentieth century
Authors: Gerlach Lisa , Blumenthal David B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecommendation letters were an important instrument for orchestrating Jewish emigration from Germany in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Here, we present network-based analyses of manually collected meta-data from recommendation letters targeted at the Hebrew University (HU) in Jerusalem. Using standard semi-supervised node classification techniques and differential node centrality analyses, we show that the position of a recommendation letter in content-agnostic recommendation network models is predictive of its success, i.e., of whether or not the letter led to the recommendee obtaining a position at the HU. In particular, we show that authors of successful recommendation letters assume more central positions within the networks than authors of unsuccessful letters, while the opposite holds for the recommendation letters’ receivers. Beyond our application, these results showcase the potential of using network models for generating historical insights. Both the letter meta-data records and Python code to reproduce our analyses are available on GitHub:https://github.com/bionetslab/corrnet.
Semi-analytical Stiffness Model of Bolted Joints in Machine Tools Considering the Coupling Effect
Authors: Ma Yiwei , Fu Yutao , Tian Yanling , Liu Xianping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study proposes an improved semi-analytical approach for contact stiffness modeling of bolted joints in a machine tool system. First, nonlinear contact stress distribution within a single-bolted joint is obtained from the simulation results of finite element analysis software. Second, employing the Hertz contact theory and fractal theory, the contact stiffness model of a single asperity is formulated, affording analytical expressions for normal and tangential contact stiffnesses of a single-bolted joint by integrating multi-asperities in the contact area. Subsequently, considering two test specimens as illustrations, the mode shapes and natural frequencies of the proposed model and modal analysis tests are compared, and the influence of coupling effects between two adjacent bolts is illustrated. The maximum error in the natural frequencies of the proposed approach is < 2.73% relative to the experimental results. Finally, the measurements of frequency response functions on a box-in-box precision horizontal machine tool are conducted to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model. The proposed model is highly efficient in revealing the influence of microcontact factors on the contact stiffness of bolted joints and in guiding the optimal functional design of bolt arrangements under the framework of virtual machine tools.
Characterising the Cytokine and Circulating Immune Cell Response After a Single Bout of Eccentric Stepping Exercise in Healthy Untrained Males
Authors: Lomiwes D. , Barnes M. , Shaw O. M. , Ngametua N. , Sawyer G. M. , Burr N. S. , Miller M. R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The mechanisms that underpin exercise-induced muscle damage and recovery are believed to be mediated, in part, by immune cells recruited to the site of injury. The aim of this study was to characterise the effects of muscle damage from bench-stepping on circulating cytokine and immune cell populations post-exercise and during recovery.

Methods
Ten untrained, healthy male volunteers completed 30 min of bench-stepping exercise to induce muscle damage to the eccentrically exercised leg. Muscle function, muscle pain and soreness were measured before, immediately after and 24, 48 and 72 h after exercise. Plasma creatine kinase, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, cytokines and circulating immune cell phenotyping were also measured at these timepoints.

Results
Significant decreases occurred in eccentric, isometric and concentric (P = 0.018, 0.047 and 0.003, respectively) muscle function in eccentrically, but not concentrically, exercised quadriceps post-exercise. Plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 concentrations significantly increased immediately after exercise (69.0 ± 5.8 to 89.5 ± 10.0 pg/mL), then declined to below pre-exercise concentrations (58.8 ± 6.3 pg/mL) 72 h after exercise. These changes corresponded with the significant decrease of circulating CD45+ CD16− CD14+ monocytes (5.8% ± 1.5% to 1.9% ± 0.5%; Pre-exercise vs. 48 h) and increase of CD45+ CD3+ CD56− T-cells (60.5% ± 2.2% to 66.1% ± 2.1%; Pre-exercise vs. 72 h) during recovery.

Conclusion
Bench-stepping induced muscle damage to the quadriceps, which mediated systemic changes in MCP-1, monocytes and T-cells immediately post-exercise and during recovery. Further research is needed to clarify how modulations in immune subpopulations facilitate muscle recovery and adaptation following muscle damage.
Preprocessing to Reduce Vehicle Capacity for Routing Problems
Authors: Dollevoet Twan , Spliet Remy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe provide a preprocessing method to reduce the vehicle capacity for instances of the capacitated vehicle routing problem. This improves the LP bound of many formulations of the capacitated vehicle routing problem. It also speeds up common algorithms for which the computation time depends on the vehicle capacity. Our simulation experiments suggest that, perhaps surprisingly, often the vehicle capacity is very tight in the sense that it cannot be reduced by much.
Finite element analysis of material deformation behaviour during DRECE: the sheet metal SPD process
Authors: Tkocz Marek , Kowalczyk Karolina , Bulzak Tomasz , Jabłońska Magdalena B. , Hawryluk Marek 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The material deformation behaviour during the innovative SPD process called DRECE (Dual Rolls Equal Channel Extrusion) has been analysed by FEM simulations. In the process, a workpiece in the form of a strip is subjected to plastic deformation by passing through the angular channel; however, the workpiece dimensions remain the same after a pass is finished. Performing consecutive passes allow for increasing the effective strain in the material to a required level. In the conducted simulations two various channel angles (108° and 113°) have been taken into consideration, as well as two processing routes, A and C (without and with turning the strip upside-down between consecutive passes, respectively). The analysis of simulation results has revealed that significant strain and stress inhomogeneities across the strip thickness are generated in a single DRECE pass. The die design (the inner and outer corner radius) and friction conditions affect the material flow, reducing significantly the shear strain in the near-surface regions of the strip. The strain inhomogeneity can be effectively reduced by choosing the processing route C. The strain distributions and the corresponding tensile test results have confirmed that the smaller channel die angle allows to generate larger strain and higher strength of the strip but also reduces its ductility more than the die setup with the larger channel die angle.
Novel drawing technology for high area reduction manufacturing of ultra-thin brass wires
Authors: Kustra Piotr , Wróbel Mirosław , Dymek Stanisław , Milenin Andrij 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A significant increase in roughness of dieless-drawn wires due to the strain-induced roughness phenomenon has been documented. For small-diameter wires, even a slight surface relief creates stress concentrations that may contribute to the wire breakage during cold drawing. This, in turn, significantly limits the achievable diameter of the product and the efficiency of drawing process. The present study, however, demonstrates that reducing the wire roughness is possible by combining the dieless and conventional drawing methods. Thus, it is possible to improve the process workability threefold when compared to dieless drawing alone, and the product quality is simultaneously improved. In addition, the surface defects typical to the dieless-drawn wires have been significantly reduced, resulting in an increase in the wire strength. This new combined technology enables a significant reduction in the wire diameter and facilitates an economical large-scale production of ultra-thin wires. In addition, based on the classic drawing and dieless drawing process, a brass wire with a diameter of 0.017 mm has been manufactured. Six times thinner than a human hair, it is believed to be the thinnest long brass wire currently manufactured in the world.
Novel discovery in roles of structural variations and RWP-RK transcription factors in heat tolerance for pearl millet
Authors: Huang Bingru , Yan Haidong , Sun Min , Jin Yarong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlobal warming adversely affects crop production worldwide. Massive efforts have been undertaken to study mechanisms regulating heat tolerance in plants. However, the roles of structural variations (SVs) in heat stress tolerance remain unclear. In a recent article, Yan et al. (Nat Genet 1–12, 2023) constructed the first pan-genome of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and identified key SVs linked to genes involved in regulating plant tolerance to heat stress for an important crop with a superior ability to thrive in extremely hot and arid climates. Through multi-omics analyses integrating by pan-genomics, comparative genomics, transcriptomics, population genetics and and molecular biological technologies, they found RWP-RK transcription factors cooperating with endoplasmic reticulum-related genes play key roles in heat tolerance in pearl millet. The results in this paper provided novel insights to advance the understanding of the genetic and genomic basis of heat tolerance and an exceptional resource for molecular breeding to improve heat tolerance in pearl millet and other crops.
Conceptualizing Autonomy in an Era of Collective Data Processing: From Theory to Practice
Authors: Graef Inge , Petročnik Tjaša , Tombal Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile literature has already recognized the relational and collective impact of data processing, there is still limited understanding of how this affects the design of legislative instruments. We submit that legislators must recognize trade-offs between one’s own interests, the interests of other individuals, and collective or societal interests more explicitly in regulating data. To frame our analysis, we rely on a twofold definition of autonomy as a notion that inherently requires positioning oneself within a broader context with others. While the inward-looking dimension of autonomy focuses on the ability of an individual to make free and independent decisions in her own interests, the outward-looking dimension considers the relationship of one’s choices with other individuals’ and collective interests.Building on this working definition of autonomy, we assess three legislative instruments, namely the General Data Protection Regulation, the Digital Markets Act and the Data Act proposal, to identify to what extent this multi-dimensional nature of autonomy is reflected in the design of data-related obligations. We examine how legislators can make trade-offs between different interests explicit and thereby bring the regulation of data more in line with the current societal reality that is increasingly dominated by relational and collective effects of data processing.
Peer tutoring in rehabilitation sciences curriculums: a scoping review
Authors: Bell Alison , Fagan Chelsea , Krisa Laura , Sinko Rebecca , Morey Heather 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeer tutoring is a learning strategy where students take on the role of teacher. There are many reported benefits of this model however it is not well described in rehabilitation science curriculums. The aim of this review is to describe the scope of available literature for rehabilitation science education.MethodsA systematic scoping review using PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and ERIC databases. Inclusion criteria included the English language, peer-reviewed articles that report outcomes of a peer-tutoring program for students enrolled in occupational therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy and or athletic training programs. Consensus between two authors was used for article inclusion and data extraction.ResultsSixteen articles were included in the review. Peer tutoring was described in athletic training, occupational therapy, physical therapy, and speech language pathology programs. Peer tutors were students further along in their training in 75% of the included studies. The most common content taught was anatomy (38%) followed by clinical assessment (19%). Just under half (44%) of the included studies incorporated interprofessional education with tutors and tutees representing different fields of study. Outcomes of peer tutoring programs were most commonly assessed with surveys (75%) developed by the research team with only 38% reporting objective measures of learning by the participants.ConclusionResults of this review demonstrate that peer tutoring is used in rehabilitation science curriculums, however, there are a limited number of reports. The learning strategy is well described in other health science education models with many potential benefits. This review can be used to inform the development and evaluation of future peer tutoring programs in rehabilitation sciences curriculums.
Clinical applications of contactless photoplethysmography for monitoring in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bautista Melissa Joanne , Kowal Mikolaj , Cave Daniel G. W. , Downey Candice , Jayne David G. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Contactless photoplethysmography (cPPG) is a method of physiological monitoring. It differs from conventional monitoring methods (e.g., saturation probe) by ensuring no contact with the subject by use of a camera. The majority of research on cPPG is conducted in a laboratory setting or in healthy populations. This review aims to evaluate the current literature on monitoring using cPPG in adults within a clinical setting. Adhering to the Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA, 2020) guidelines, OVID, Webofscience, Cochrane library, and clinicaltrials.org were systematically searched by two researchers. Research articles using cPPG for monitoring purposes in adults within a clinical setting were selected. Twelve studies with a total of 654 individuals were included. Heart rate (HR) was the most investigated vital sign (n = 8) followed by respiratory rate ((n = 2), Sp02 (n = 2), and HR variability (n = 2). Four studies were included in a meta-analysis of HR compared to ECG data which demonstrated a mean bias of –0.13 (95% CI, –1.22–0.96). This study demonstrates cPPG can be a useful tool in the remote monitoring of patients and has demonstrated accuracy for HR. However, further research is needed into the clinical applications of this method.
Magneto-gravity-elliptic instability
Authors: Salhi Abdelaziz , Cambon Claude 
Published: May 2023

Magneto-gravity-elliptic instability is addressed here considering an unbounded strained vortex (with constant vorticity

$2\varOmega$

and with ellipticity parameter

$\varepsilon$

) of a perfectly conducting fluid subjected to a uniform axial magnetic field (with Alfvén velocity scaled from the basic magnetic field

$B)$

and an axial stratification (with a constant Brunt–Väisälä frequency

$N$

). Such a simple model allows us to formulate the stability problem as a system of equations for disturbances in terms of Lagrangian Fourier (or Kelvin) modes which is universal for wavelengths of the perturbation sufficiently small with respect to the scale of variation of the basic velocity gradients. It can model localised patches of elliptic streamlines which often appear in some astrophysical flows (stars, planets and accretion discs) that are tidally deformed through gravitational interaction with other bodies. In the limit case where the flow streamlines are exactly circular (

$\varepsilon =0),$

there are fast and slow magneto-inertia-gravity waves with frequencies

$\omega _{1,2}$

and

$\omega _{3,4},$

respectively. Under the effect of finite ellipticity, the resonant cases of these waves,

$\omega _i-\omega _j=n\varOmega$

$(i\ne j)$

(

$n$

being an integer), can become destabilising. The maximal growth rate of the subharmonic instability (related to the resonance of order

$n=2)$

is determined by extending the asymptotic method by Lebovitz & Zweibel (Astrophys. J., vol. 609, 2004, pp. 301–312). The domains of the

$(k_0B/\varOmega, N/\varOmega )$

plane for which this instability operates are identified (

$1/k_0$

being a characteristic length scale). We demonstrate that the

$N\rightarrow 0$

limit is, in fact, singular (discontinuous). The axial stable stratification enhances the subharmonic instability related to the resonance between two slow modes because, at large magnetic field strengths, its maximal growth rate is twice that found in the case without stratification.
RADIOCARBON CALIBRATION: FROM BANE TO BLESSING
Authors: Bronk Ramsey Christopher 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTTemporal and spatial variation in radiocarbon (14C) in the atmosphere has been the subject of investigation from the first pioneering work of Libby and Arnold. However, as the precision of measurements has improved, now by almost two orders of magnitude, what constitutes a significant variation has also changed. Furthermore, it has become possible to test degrees of variation over much longer timescales and with ever wider geographic coverage. As knowledge has improved, the interpretation of 14C measurements has had to be revised. These re-evaluations, and the loss of chronological precision that comes with accurate calibration, have often been seen as an unfortunate drawback in the 14C dating method. However, these problems have stimulated extensive research in global 14C records, statistical methods for dealing with complex 14C data, and measurement methods. This research has provided a wealth of information useful for other scientific challenges, most notably the quantification of the global carbon cycle, but also enabled, in the right circumstances, measurement precision an order of magnitude better than if there had been no variation in atmospheric 14C. Challenges remain but the research undertaken for 14C calibration has, through its ingenuity and innovation, provided rich scientific dividends in both chronology and broader geoscience.
ASSESSING LOCK-IN DEPTH AND ESTABLISHING A LATE HOLOCENE PALEOMAGNETIC SECULAR VARIATION RECORD FROM THE MONGOLIAN ALTAI
Authors: Bliedtner Marcel , Haberzettl Torsten , Nowaczyk Norbert , Bazarradnaa Enkhtuya , Zech Roland , Strobel Paul 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTAlthough paleomagnetic secular variations (PSV) often corroborate radiocarbon (14C)-based lacustrine sediment chronologies, this is not the case at the high-altitude site Khar Nuur in the Mongolian Altai Mountains. Our results show that the inclination pattern resembles those from a regional reference record from Shireet Naiman Nuur and global geomagnetic field models very well, but with a constant offset of 730 ± 90 yr. Possible reservoir effects from terrestrial pre-aging and hardwater effects can be excluded as the cause of the ∼730-yr offset because the different dated compounds correspond very well to each other, and modern reservoir effects are negligible. Instead, the constant ∼730-yr offset in the PSV pattern is likely the result of a constant lock-in depth of 26 ± 2 cm below the sediment-water interface at Khar Nuur. This assumption is supported by comparison of paleoclimatological proxies from Shireet Naiman Nuur, where similarities are obvious for the 14C-based chronology of Khar Nuur without a ∼730-yr adjustment. Therefore, the previously published 14C-based chronology of Khar Nuur provides a reliable age control. Accepting the lock-in depth of 26 ± 2 cm, the good consistency in inclination between Khar Nuur and global geomagnetic field models highlights the reliability of the latter even in a paleomagnetically understudied area.
ON THE DIVISIBILITY OF SUMS OFq-SUPER CATALAN NUMBERS
Authors: LIU JI-CAI , LI YAN-NI 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe integrality of the numbers$A_{n,m}={(2n)!(2m)!}/{n!m!(n+m)!}$was observed by Catalan as early as 1874 and Gessel named$A_{n,m}$the super Catalan numbers. The positivity of theq-super Catalan numbers (q-analogue of the super Catalan numbers) was investigated by Warnaar and Zudilin [‘Aq-rious positivity’,Aequationes Math.81(2011), 177–183]. We prove the divisibility of sums ofq-super Catalan numbers, which establishes aq-analogue of Apagodu’s congruence involving super Catalan numbers.
Cohomology in singular blocks of parabolic category
Authors: Gruber Jonathan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe determine the dimensions of
$\textrm{Ext}$
-groups between simple modules and dual generalized Verma modules in singular blocks of parabolic versions of category
$\mathcal{O}$
for complex semisimple Lie algebras and affine Kac-Moody algebras.
Fintech Lending and Credit Market Competition
Authors: Chu Yinxiao , Wei Jianxing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article studies how the rise of financial technology (Fintech) lending affects credit access, interest rates, and social welfare. We consider a lending competition model with two incumbent banks and a Fintech lender, which use different information and technologies to assess borrower creditworthiness. We show that Fintech lending could negatively affect high-quality borrowers’ access to credit when the Fintech lender’s screening accuracy is superior to that of the banks. Furthermore, Fintech lending may worsen the allocative efficiency of credit and reduce social welfare under some conditions. Analytical and numerical results suggest that Fintech lending mostly reduces the expected interest rates.
Two Emphases of Virtue and Vice Epistemology
Authors: Le Morvan Pierre 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses two important emphases of epistemology – of virtue and vice epistemology in particular – one concerning agency and patiency, and the other concerning self-regard and other-regard. The paper offers, for the first time in the literature, a framework in which four types of epistemological work can be categorized according to their respective dual emphases: Type 1 (agent/self-regarding), Type 2 (agent/other-regarding), Type 3 (patient/self-regarding), and Type 4 (patient/other-regarding). The paper also shows how four ways of doing epistemology can be categorized in terms of these four types and draws particular attention to one dubbedother-centering.