bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspectos comparados da história dos movimentos sindicais docentes universitários da Argentina, Brasil, Colômbia, México e reflexões sobre o seu papel na contrarreforma universitária neoliberal
Authors: Beserra de Paiva Luís Roberto , Bauer Carlos 
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: O ensaio aborda de forma comparada alguns aspectos que estão presentes na história dos movimentos sindicais organizados pelos professores universitários argentinos, brasileiros, colombianos e mexicanos.
Originalidade/contribuição: Inexistem estudos acadêmicos que procuram estabelecer um exame crítico e histórico comparado do papel político das entidades sindicais dos professores da Argentina, Brasil, Colômbia e México frente aos percalços impostos pela contra reforma universitária neoliberal.

Método: A metodologia que regeu o trabalho está assentada primordialmente em entrevistas qualitativas; revisão bibliográfica; coleta e análise de materiais e informações das próprias entidades e outras fontes que pudessem melhor contribuir para a compreensão do tema estudado.

Estratégias/coleta de informações: O instrumento privilegiado para a captação desses relatos foi a aplicação de entrevistas qualitativas semiestruturadas (fonte primária). Ainda a coleta de materiais produzidos pelas próprias entidades, bem como por instituições de ensino, pesquisadores, institutos estatísticos, e demais organizações que pudessem aportar elementos para análise documental, compôs uma fonte (primária e/ou secundária) importante para a construção de contextos históricos e políticos nacionais analisados.

Conclusões: Concluímos que um elemento comum na produção do campo educacional é a predominância das análises de caráter nacional, muito associada aos conflitos de abrangência regional. O desafio imposto à articulação internacional dos movimentos sindicais reflete sobre a produção da área, não obstante as políticas educacionais latino-americanas para o ensino superior se originem de recomendações de organismos que atuam em nível internacional. O capital financeiro e seus agentes já se articulam na esfera global, mas os trabalhadores ainda atuam à escala nacional e a superação do limite nacional, parece, por hora, ser um objetivo ainda distante.
Primera Escuela Normal para varones en Guatemala (1875-1918 primera etapa). Fundación, autoridades, profesores, crisis y cambios constantes
Authors: López Rivas Oscar Hugo , Hernández Ayala Ana María 
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: Establecer aspectos históricos relevantes de la fundación, autoridades, profesores, crisis y cambios constantes de la Escuela Normal en Guatemala, que motiven el análisis del desarrollo histórico del normalismo y la carrera docente en el país.
Originalidad/aporte: La sistematización y organización cronológica de hechos acontecidos en Guatemala desde los primeros intentos de fundación de una Escuela Normal en 1831, la fundación en 1875 y su desarrollo en una primera etapa hasta 1918, constituyen un aporte sustantivo a la historia del normalismo en el país. La originalidad de este artículo se evidencia en la presentación, detallada, de datos históricos relevantes y poco conocidos por la sociedad en general sobre el desarrollo de la Escuela Normal y la carrera docente en Guatemala.. El aporte persigue motivar la discusión informada y documentada, así como el análisis del tema.
Método: La investigación desarrollada para la presentación del presente artículo, empleó como método, la investigación documental, a través de la consulta de fuentes escritas como libros y revistas de la época. También se consideró el estado del arte, lo cual permitió estudiar el conocimiento ya existente y acumulado sobre el tema.
Estrategias/recolección de la información: Para obtener resultados más precisos, que afianzaran la revisión documental realizada como parte del método de investigación documental, se utilizó la entrevista como estrategia para la recolección de la información. Esta fue dirigida a actores clave, como el director, egresados de la Escuela Normal para varones y un investigador del normalismo en Guatemala.
Conclusiones: La creación de la Escuela Normal para Varones en Guatemala marcó el inicio del desarrollo cultural y educativo en el país, generó influencia a nivel social, y su desarrollo se vio limitado por el actuar político de los gobiernos en turno. Su fundación, desarrollo, autoridades, profesores, crisis y cambios han marcado la historia del normalismo en Guatemala y la carrera docente; además, la Escuela Normal para Varones ha ofrecido al país profesionales que han hecho historia y que con sus aportes han contribuido al desarrollo social, educativo y académico.
Analisis Aksesbilitas Fasilitas Kesehatan di Kota Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Authors: Giofandi Eggy Arya , Novalinda Amira , Sekarjati Dhanu , Pratama Muh. Anugrah , Sekarrini Cipta Estri 
Published: June 2023

Pelayanan kesehatan merupakan salah satu fasilitas terpenting dan membantu meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan kesejahteraan sosial masyarakat modern. Kemajuan terbaru di bidang geografi kesehatan telah sangat meningkatkan pemahaman kita tentang peran yang dimainkan oleh geografi pemerataan pelayanan kesehatan dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan penduduk. Studi ini menyajikan metodologi dua tahap untuk mengevaluasi lokasi fasilitas kesehatan yang ada di Kota Pekanbaru dan mengestimasi luasan bangunan yang tidak terjangkau fasilitas kesehatan. Hasil yang diperoleh selama penelitian menghasilkan temuan beberapa fasilitas memiliki berdekatan sehingga hasil pengukuran mengalami tumpang tindih membentuk irisan, sedangkan untuk estimasi lahan terbangun yang tidak terjangkau fasilitas kesehatan 3.259 hektar. Kondisi ini diharapkan dapat dilakukan pengembangan fasilitas kesehatan yang akan berguna pada permukiman dibagian pinggiran kota, hal ini semoga dapat menjadi salah satu kondisi awal untuk menentukan pengembangan lokasi kesehatan di perencanaan selanjutnya.
ASSESSMENT OF THE STABILITY OF THE FRONT PIVOT AXLE DURING STEADY-STATE MOTION OF A TRACTOR SELF-PROPELLED CHASSIS
Authors: Podrigalo Mikhail , Razarenov Leonid , Zakapko Oleksandr 
Published: June 2023

In known scientific and technical literature, insufficient attention is paid to the study of dynamic processes of wheeled vehicles with a steering front axle. The use of front swivel axle on a self-propelled chassis makes it possible to minimize the moment of resistance to turning and reduce the wear of front wheel tires in comparison with rotary guide wheels. This modernization can provide a wider range of attachments for mechanized work equipment. The aim of this work is to increase the stability of the rectilinear steady-state motion of a self-propelled tractor chassis by creating stabilizing moments on the front pivot axle by shifting the axis of rotation of the front axle in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the machine. The stability of the rectilinear steady-state motion of a self-propelled tractor chassis is investigated when creating stabilizing moments on the front steering axle by shifting the vertical axis of rotation of the front axle in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the machine. This scientific article shows that when the steering axle moves, it is possible to reduce the lateral force on the front axle to zero, which makes it possible to reduce the moment of resistance to turning. A straight-line steady-state movement of a tractor is considered, where a violation of the stability of the front steering axle may occur during a short-term impact on an obstacle on the road. In some cases, the angular acceleration and angular velocity of the bridge in the road plane may be the exciting factor. The loading scheme of a front swing bridge under the action of an exciting angular acceleration is determined. The calculation of the effect of the exciting factors on the power steering cylinder is presented. The stabilizing moment that occurs when the axis of the vertical shaft of the front steering axle drive is displaced is determined. The differential equation of the front axle's circular motion was analyzed, which revealed its stability under the action of short-term excitatory forces in the rectilinear steady-state motion of the self-propelled chassis. An estimation of the motion of the front steering axle of a self-propelled chassis is presented, with the determined proportionality coefficients and coefficients of the differential equation, which describes the stable motion of the front steering axle in the steady-state rectilinear motion of the machine under the action of short-term disturbing forces.
Keywords: self-propelled chassis, front swivel axle, stability, stabilizing moment, steady-state motion
A Quantitative Evaluation Method for Nonstationarity of Training Image Based on Pattern Tiles Distance
Authors: Yu Siyu , Li Shaohua , Dou Mengjiao , Su Linye 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
An a priori model for multipoint statistics (MPS) modeling approaches is a training image. Before using MPS modeling, it must be determined whether the training images satisfy the spatial statistical stationarity. Modeling can be performed using the regular MPS approach if a training image is stationary. Otherwise, an enhanced method of nonstationary modeling is required. For instance, partition-based nonstationary modeling is an option. This study proposes a nonstationary evaluation metric based on pattern tile distances. It is possible to more accurately quantify the characteristics of the various distributions of spatial structure features in the entire space and achieve the goal of quantitatively evaluating the nonstationary metrics of training images by quantifying the distances of lower-level subpatterns in the pattern. Furthermore, an automatic partitioning approach based on pattern tile discrepancy is proposed for nonstationary training images to avoid the subjective and inefficient issues of manual partitioning when the training images cannot meet the stationary requirement of MPS modeling.
Boosting succinylation-dependent LPS biosynthesis to overcome colistin resistance
Authors: Wu Jia-han , Chen Xuan-wei , Liu Ying-li , Cao Yun-cao , Li De-li , Chen Zhuanggui , Zheng Jun , Peng Bo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become a global crisis that threatens human health and sustainable agriculture. Polymyxins, a type of cationic polypeptide antibiotics, represents one of the last lines of defense against pan-drug resistant Gram-negative pathogens. However, this antibiotic is challenged by the emergence of resistance, especially by mobilized colistin determinants (mcr-1). Overcoming polymyxin resistance is necessary to revive this antibiotic in regular therapy. Here, we present a metabolite-enabled approach to resensitize polymyxin-resistant bacteria to colistin. By applying functional metabolomics, we find that mcr-1represses the pyruvate cycle, where succinate is the crucial biomarker. Exogenous succinate reverses polymyxin resistance for both of mcr-1-positive and mcr-1-negative polymyxin-resistant bacteria isolated from animal husbandry and medical settings. This effect is confirmed in vivo by mouse and fish infection models. Furthermore, succinate increases LPS biosynthesis by promoting succinylation of transcription factors, CpxR and PdhR. The increased LPS biosynthesis in turn reduces the portion of LPS modified by mcr-1, restores surface charge and enhances colistin binding. α-ketoglutarate and metoprolol succinate, a prescribed drug, also boosts succinylation to reverse polymyxin resistance. Thus, our study presents a succinylation-based approach to reverse polymyxin resistance and reveals a previously unrecognized post-translational modification on the control of LPS biogenesis.
The Family Involvement Role in Assisting with Hypertension Management: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Simamane Mandisa , Constantinou Demitri , Watson Estelle 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Comprehensive management of hypertension requires both pharmacological and lifestyle modification. Many hypertensive patients may need support to manage their blood pressure successfully (e.g., family). Therefore, the aim of this qualitative study was to explore the extent the role family involvement has in assisting with hypertension management, in terms of understanding what hypertension is and how is it managed.
Methods
The study utilised a grounded theory method for the qualitative inquiry for this study. The participants were purposefully selected through having conversations with the study participants of the intervention study group. Participants were invited and recruited from Umlazi Township, KwaZulu-Natal and the research invited participants that are closest family members. The recorded in-person interviews took approximately 30 to 60 minutes depending on conversations with participants.
Results
Four themes emerged and found the more family is involved in their management; hypertension patients feel empowered to also take charge of their own healing and better understand their condition and how to improve their lifestyle. The more informed the hypertensive patient in understanding the physiological aspect of the condition, the more it seems to empower them to be able to have better knowledge to manage it.
Conclusion
A plan to engage families more in hypertension management must be developed, in a manner that takes into consideration the patients’ needs and lack of resources that might be a challenge to the family members.
Identifying predictors and developing a risk score for preterm birth among Kenyan pregnant women
Authors: Larsen Anna , Pintye Jillian , Abuna Felix , Dettinger Julia C. , Gomez Laurén , Marwa Mary M. , Ngumbau Nancy , Odhiambo Ben , Richardson Barbra A. , Watoyi Salphine , Stern Joshua , Kinuthia John , John-Stewart Grace 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of neonatal mortality, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where 40% of global neonatal deaths occur. We identified and combined correlates of PTB among Kenyan women to develop a risk score.
Methods: We used data from a prospective study enrolling HIV-negative women from 20 antenatal clinics in Western Kenya (NCT03070600). Depressive symptoms were assessed by study nurses using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10), intimate partner violence (IPV) with the Hurt, Insult, Threaten, Scream scale (HITS), and social support using the Medical Outcomes Survey scale (MOS-SSS). Predictors of PTB (birth <37 weeks gestation) were identified using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, clustered by facility. We used stratified k-fold cross-validation methods for risk score derivation and validation. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate discrimination of the risk score and Brier score for calibration.
Results: Among 4084 women, 19% had PTB (incidence rate: 70.9 PTB per 100 fetus-years (f-yrs)). Predictors of PTB included being unmarried (HR:1.29, 95% CI:1.08-1.54), lower education (years) (HR:0.97, 95% CI:0.94-0.99), IPV (HITS score ≥5, HR:1.28, 95% CI:0.98-1.68), higher CESD-10 score (HR:1.02, 95% CI:0.99-1.04), lower social support score (HR:0.99, 95% CI:0.97-1.01), and mild-to-severe depressive symptoms (CESD-10 score ≥5, HR:1.46, 95% CI:1.07-1.99). The final risk score included being unmarried, social support score, IPV, and MSD. The risk score had modest discrimination between PTB and term deliveries (AUROC:0.56, 95% CI:0.54-0.58), and Brier Score was 0.4672. Women considered “high risk” for PTB (optimal risk score cut-point) had 40% higher risk of PTB (83.6 cases per 100 f-yrs) than “low risk” women (59.6 cases per 100 f-ys; HR:1.6, 95% CI:1.2-1.7, p<0.001).
Conclusion: A fifth of pregnancies were PTB in this large multisite cohort; PTB was associated with several social factors amenable to intervention. Combining these factors in a risk score did not predict PTB, reflecting the multifactorial nature of PTB and need to include other unmeasured factors. However, our findings suggest PTB risk could be alleviated by integrating mental health and support services into routine antenatal care.
Increased Incidence of DACH1 Mutation in Appalachian Women with Uterine Cancer and Altered Chemotherapy Sensitivity
Authors: Riggs McKayla , Lin Nan , Hill Kristen , Mao Guogen , Knicely Breanna , Piecoro Dava , Schneider Bryan P. , Chon Hye , Carpten John D. , Churchman Michelle , Corr Bradley , Washington Christina , Dood Robert , Edge Stephen , Leiser Aliza , Siegel Erin , Ueland Frederick , Miller Rachel , Goellner Eva , Kolesar Jill 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: DACH1 is a tumor suppressor with increased mutation frequency in uterine cancers in Kentucky. We compared the frequency of DACH1mutations between women with uterine cancer in Appalachian versus non-Appalachian regions in the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network (ORIEN). The effect of DACH1 mutation on RNA expression, clinical outcomes, and the impact of DACH1 knock-outs on DNA repair and drug sensitivity.
Methods: We obtained data for 691 patients with endometrial cancer from nine U.S. institutions within the ORIEN network. We evaluated the frequency of DACH1 mutations and their association with clinical and genomics factors. DACH1knock-outs were created and assessed for impact on DNA repair, drug sensitivity, and synergy.
Results: Appalachian women with endometrial cancer had an increased frequency of DACH1 mutations (14.6%) verses non-Appalachian women (4.1%) p-value=0.010. DACH1 mutated patients have a higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) compared to DACH1 wild-type (32.2 vs. 4.62, p-value=2.17E-10) with no difference in microsatellite instability (p-value=0.35). DACH1 mutations showed significant co-occurrence with POLE, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2. DACH1knock-outs were deficient in non-homologous end joining and resistant to cisplatin, however, addition of ATR inhibitors reversed resistance.
Conclusions: DACH1mutations are prevalent in Appalachain Kentucky women with endometrial cancer. DACH1mutations are associated with high TMB suggesting DACH1 as a candidate biomarker for immunotherapy. DACH1 knockouts are cisplatin resistant which may partialy explain the excess mortality in this population, which may be overcome with addition of an ATR inhibitor, supporting further development of the combination for women with DACH1 mutated gynecological cancers.
The protective effects of Zingiber zerumbet rhizome against pyrexia in rats
Authors: Salleh Haslinda Mohd , Ablat Abdulwali , Chong Soon-Lim , Hazni Hazrina , Tohar Norsita , Fauzi Nurulwahidah , Wahab Habibah A. , Othman Muhamad Aqmal , Liew Sook Yee , Awang Khalijah 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes are traditionally used to treat fever, and in vitro inhibitory effect of ethyl acetate extract from Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes (ZZEA) against DENV2 NS2B/NS3 has been reported early. This study was carried out to establish an acute toxicity profile and evaluate the anti-pyretic activities of ZZEA in yeast-induced pyrexia in rats.
Methods
The toxicity of ZZEA was evaluated using OECD Test Guideline 425 (tg-425) with minor modifications at concentrations of 2000 mg/kg, 3000 mg/kg, and 5000 mg/kg of ZZEA. Antipyretic effect was determined by yeast-induced pyrexia in rats.
Results
The acute toxicity study showed that ZZEA is safe at the highest 5000 mg/kg body weight dose in Sprague Dawley rats. Rats treated with ZZEA at doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg exhibited a significant reduction in rectal temperature (TR) in the first 1 hour. ZZEA at the lower dose of 125 mg/kg showed substantial potency against yeast-induced pyrexia up to 2 hours compared to 0 hours. A significant reduction of TR was observed in rats treated with standard drug aspirin (ASA) at the 3rd and 4th hours.
Conclusions
Based on the present findings, ethyl acetate extract of Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes could be considered safe up to the dose of 5000 mg/kg, and active ingredients of Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes may be a novel target for the treatment of fever with dengue virus infection.
Analysis of thermal discomfort associated with synoptic conditions in the city of Pelotas, extreme south of Brazil
Authors: Trassante Franciele da Costa , de Freitas Rose Ane Pereira , NEDEL ANDERSON SPOHR , de Medeiros Marco Antônio Flores , Lindemann Douglas da Silva , Nascimento Ana Lucia da Silva , Alonso Marcelo Felix , Machado Raquel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the outdoor environment conditions (synoptic weather conditions) on extreme events of human thermal discomfort in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, between 18th January and 20th August, 2019. Digital thermohygrographs were installed outside the residences in order to record of air temperature data, dew point temperature and air relative humidity. Five different macro-regions of the city were analyzes applying two different biometeorological indices. For the summer months, the Humidex Index was used, and for fall and winter, the wind chill index was used. The findings showed that the afternoons during the summer months were the most thermally uncomfortable, while the nights presented the greatest sensations of comfort. In the winter months, the opposite occurred: afternoons with more comfortable periods and nights with more thermally uncomfortable periods were observed. It was also noted that in the situation of extreme heat stress, in the summer, there was the influence of the South Atlantic Subtropical Anticyclone (SASA) on the region, which, in association with the low humidity of the air on the continent, favored, then, the extreme discomfort sensations. Likewise, situations of extreme discomfort due to cold that were also associated with low air humidity, and high atmospheric pressure systems (not necessarily the SASA), which caused drops in temperature and dry air.
Coupling of WetSpass-M and MODFLOW Models for Groundwater Flow Assessment
Authors: Dowlatabadi Sepideh , Amirabadizadeh Mahdi , Zarei Mahdi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Recharge is considered a key parameter in groundwater models for sustainable management of aquifers, which is influenced by factors such as land use, soil, weather, etc. The present study was conducted to couple WetSpass-M and MODFLOW models for evaluating Neyshabour aquifer condition in steady and transient states. To this aim, the simulated recharge by the WetSpass-M model was applied as an input of MODFLOW to assess the groundwater balance. The hydrodynamic coefficients were determined by calibrating the model, evaluating and the model sensitivity to the hydraulic conductivity coefficient, specific yield (Sy), and recharge. The results indicated that the annual average of surface runoff, actual evapotranspiration, interception, and recharge during 1991–2017 equaled 18, 36, 7.6, and 42.6% of the average annual precipitation in the basin, respectively, with the simulated water balance error 4.2%. The average annual recharge of the basin varies between 0-257.41 mm with an average of 105.25 mm/y. Accordingly, the maximum and minimum average monthly recharge occurs during March and July, respectively. The appropriate matching of the simulated and observed water levels and obtaining the suitable values of RMSE, R2, ME, and MAE evaluation criteria in steady and transient states indicate the adequate accuracy of the WetSpass-M model in estimating the recharge and success of the couple two models. Based on the simulated groundwater balance, the aquifer faces a deficit of 421.3 MCM per year and 97.41 cm in the annual groundwater level. The model displayed more sensitivity to the hydraulic conductivity coefficient compared to other parameters.