bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Optical Switching Driven by the Lone Pair Electron Effect in a Hybrid Compound: (1S, 4S)‐(+)‐2‐Aza‐5‐oxabicyclo[2.2.1] heptane)2[SbCl5]
Authors: An Zhen , Liao Rong‐Meng , Yao Hai‐Quan , Cheng Yan , Zhu Bing‐Jun , Li Jian‐Rong , Ye Heng‐Yun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn order to take advantage of hybrid materials in their structural diversity and richness of their photoelectric properties, the research in polar materials has been extended to metal‐organic compounds in recent years. The main synthesis strategy is to use the molecular dynamics. Here, we describe that the second harmonic generation (SHG) switching effect can be effectively achieved by combination of coordination distortion of metal ions with s2 electrons and molecular dynamics. We synthesized a noncentrosymmetric complex, (1S,4S)‐(+)‐2‐aza‐5‐oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane)2[SbCl5], and found that it undergoes an isomorphic phase transition at 382 K. Accompanying the phase transition, the SHG experiences a switching process, and its strength changes from 0.2 times of that of KDP to only noise level. Systematic characterization reveals that the significant change of coordination distortion of the Sb3+ and the change of thermal motion of organic cations lead to the SHG switching effect. This finding shows that the combination of lone pair electron effect of metal ion and molecular dynamics characteristics would be a feasible strategy in development of polar hybrid materials.
Macrocyclic Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids and Silphiperfolanol Angelate Esters from Solanecio mannii
Authors: Umereweneza Daniel , Atilaw Yoseph , Peintner Stefan , Rudenko Anastasia , Bourgard Catarina , Xiong Ruisheng , Muhizi Théoneste , Sunnerhagen Per , Gogoll Adolf , Erdelyi Mate 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThree new compounds, the silphiperfolanol angelate ester umutagarananol (1), the macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids umutagarinine A and B (2–3), and five known secondary metabolites (4–8) were isolated from the CH2Cl2−MeOH (1 : 1) extract of the roots and the stem bark of Solanecio mannii (Hook. f.) (Asteraceae). The isolated compounds were characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopic, and mass spectrometric analyses, whereas the relative stereochemistry of 4 was established by NAMFIS‐based combined computational and solution NMR analysis. Synthetic modification of 5 provided two new compounds, 2‐angeloyloxy‐4,8‐epoxypresilphiperfolane (9) and 2‐angeloyloxy‐4,8‐epoxypresilphi‐perfolane (10). The crude extracts and the isolated constituents showed weak antibacterial activities (EC50 0.7–13.3 mM) against the Gram‐negative Escherichia coli and the Gram‐positive Bacillus subtilis. Compounds 2, 3 and 4 exhibited strong cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 human breast cancer cells, with EC50 values of 35.6, 21.7 and 12.5 μM, respectively.
Colorimetric and fluorimetric pH sensing using polydiacetylene embedded within PVC‐PCL nanofibers
Authors: Kalisz Justyna , Zarębska Justyna , Kijeńska‐Gawrońska Ewa , Maksymiuk Krzysztof , Michalska Agata 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe applicability of model polydiacetylenes (PDAs) in hydrogen ions sensitive optodes was tested. Nanofibers mats were electrospun using a mixture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polycaprolactone (PCL) together with 10, 12‐tricosadiynoic acid (TCDA) or 10,12‐pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA). After the polymerization the mats were applied in colorimetric and fluorimetric pH sensors. The PDAs were formed by photopolymerization with a UV lamp (254 nm), resulting in a change of mats color from white to dark blue. The morphology of both fiber mats is similar (SEM images), and the average diameters of fibers were estimated as equal to 228±73 and 248±61 nm for TCDA and PCDA, respectively. As the pH increases, the color of the fiber mat changes from blue to red and the process can be followed visually. The result obtained by computer image analysis showed a sigmoidal increase in the intensity of red and a decrease in the intensity of blue color with increasing pH. A similar sigmoidal response is observed for the dependence of the emission intensity on the pH. Changes in the recorded signal occur in the pH range from 7 to 8.5 or from 8 to 9.5 for mats with TCDA and PCDA, respectively. Both readout modes can be successfully used for pH sensing with proposed nanofibrous mats in the range of pH close to the physiological pH range.
Impact of size and location of outflow opening vent on mixed convective heat transfer induced by two aligned heated cylinders immersed in a partially open channel
Authors: Alomar Omar Rafae , Saaeed Renas Hassan , Ali Omar Mohammed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe current work deals with the numerical investigation of mixed convection occurring from two hot cylinders placed inside vented ducts under different sizes of inflow and locations of outflow opening vents. The mathematical formulation is solved based on the finite volume approach. The location of the outflow section is changed to left, center, and right of enclosure. Impacts of inflow section sizes (1 = 0.125 and 1 = 0.25), locations of outflow section ( = ), space between cylinders (), Reynolds number (), and Richardson number () are implemented. Findings display that the average Nusselt number (Nu) is exceeded by 20% for low due to the effect of nonsymmetrical inflow and outflow sections as compared with the case of equal opening vents. For large Ri, a higher Nu is obtained for nonequal opening vents in comparison with the case of equal opening vents by 10%. The difference in the average Nu between left and right cylinders is about 11%. Findings display that the enhancement in Nu due to the large spacing size between cylinders as compared with those of low spacing size is about 35%. The variations of Nu display the opening vents ratio, Re, , and have an extreme action on the characteristics of flow and temperature fields.
The regulatory approvals of immune checkpoint inhibitors in China and the United States: A cross‐national comparison study
Authors: Jin Yan , Li Hongtao , Zhang Pei , Yu Man , Zhang Huan , Li Xin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are currently one of the most popular treatment methods for cancers. Several ICIs have been approved in China and the United States. We created a database of approved ICIs by extracting the information of interest from the drug labels and reviewing documents disclosed on the official websites of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE) of the China National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) and compared the difference between the marketed ICIs in China and the United States regarding the number of indications, tumor types, review time, treatment setting, and so forth. Until June 30, 2022, 9 and 15 ICIs had been approved for 86 and 58 indications in the United States and China, involving 20 and 14 types of tumors, respectively. The correlation between indications and disease incidence was higher in China (r = 0.64) than in the United States (r = 0.45). About half of the indications were approved as first‐line therapies in combination with chemotherapy, target therapy, or immunotherapy. Over 30% of indications were approved under accelerated or conditional approval in the two countries. A shorter regulatory review time was required by the FDA (median:181 days) compared to the NMPA (median: 279 days) for the new indication approval. Five ICIs marketed in China were approved by the FDA before the NMPA, with the median launch delay for the same indication of 344 days in China. A differentiated clinical development program that focuses on meeting unmet needs may bring new success for subsequent ICI products.
Molecule transfer into mammalian cells by single sub‐nanosecond laser pulses
Authors: Hausladen Florian , Kruse Petra , Hessenberger Felicia , Stegmayer Thomas , Kao Yu‐Ting , Seelert Wolf , Preyer Rosemarie , Springer Marco , Stock Karl , Wittig Rainer 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA rapid, precise, and viability‐retaining method for cytoplasmic molecule delivery is highly desired for cell engineering. Routine methods suffer from low throughput, lack of selectivity, requirement of helper compounds, predominant endosomal delivery, and/or are restricted to specific molecule classes. Photonic cell manipulation bears the potential to overcome these drawbacks. Here we investigated mammalian cell manipulation by single sub‐nanosecond laser pulses. Axial beam waist positioning close to a cell monolayer induced culture vessel damage and zones of cell ablation. Cells at margins of ablation zones exhibited uptake of membrane‐impermeant fluorophores and GFP expression plasmids. Increasing Rayleigh‐length and beam waist diameter reduced the sensitivity to axial defocusing and resulted in robust molecule transfer. Serial application of single pulses focused over a moving cell monolayer yielded quantitative molecule transfer to cells at rates up to 40%. Our results could be basic to spatially and temporally controlled single laser pulse‐mediated marker‐free high throughput cell manipulation.
Sudan Black B treatment for reducing autofluorescence in human glioma tissue and improving fluorescent signals of bacterial LPS staining
Authors: He Dian , Li Ting , Yang Xiaodu , Xu Yingying , Sun Haitao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe 3D visualization based on tissue clearing technology allows us to have a deeper understanding of the 3D spatial information of deep molecules in the tissue. Tissue clearing and bacterial labeling methods have been used for in situ 3D microbiota imaging, and we have developed a pipeline for 3D visualization of in situ microbiota in human gliomas. Anti‐LPS antibodies are appropriate to label and characterize bacteria in situ within tumors. However, autofluorescence (AF) is common in biological tissues, especially in brain tissues filled with lipofuscin‐like (LF) substances. This natural fluorescent signal is usually considered to be a problem because it affects the 3D visualization of fluorescent signals in bacterial LPS staining. Here, we used Sudan Black B (SBB) to mask the AF of human glioma tissue and explored in detail the optimal quencher concentration, which allows 3D visualization of intratumoral bacteria to reduce AF and maintain the intensity of intratumoral bacteria‐specific LPS fluorescent signals.
Choroidal vascularity index (CVI)‐Net‐based automatic assessment of diabetic retinopathy severity using CVI in optical coherence tomography images
Authors: Wang Xuehua , Li Rui , Chen Junyan , Han Dingan , Wang Mingyi , Xiong Honglian , Ding Wenzheng , Zheng Yixu , Xiong Ke , Zeng Yaguang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA deep learning model called choroidal vascularity index (CVI)‐Net is proposed to automatically segment the choroid layer and its vessels in overall optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. Clinical parameters are then automatically quantified to determine structural and vascular changes in the choroid with the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity. The study includes 65 eyes consisting of 34 with proliferative DR (PDR), 17 with nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and 14 healthy controls from two OCT systems. On a dataset of 396 OCT B‐scan images with manually annotated ground truths, overall Dice coefficients of 96.6 ± 1.5 and 89.1 ± 3.1 are obtained by CVI‐Net for the choroid layer and vessel segmentation, respectively. The mean CVI values among the normal, NPDR, and PDR groups are consistent with reported outcomes. Statistical results indicate that CVI shows a significant negative correlation with DR severity level, and this correlation is independent of changes in other physiological parameters.
Corporate social responsibility and tax avoidance: Channeling effect of family firms
Authors: Özbay Deniz , Adıgüzel Hümeyra , Karahan Gökmen Mehpare 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlthough the relationship between tax avoidance and corporate social responsibility has been the subject of many studies, results have been inconclusive. In this study, we investigate this relationship from the agency perspective of family firms. Using 1156 firm‐year observations from 94 firms listed on the Istanbul Stock exchange, we found that socially responsible non‐family firms engage in tax avoidance activities through discretionary book‐tax differences rather than tax avoidance through aggressive tax planning and tax sheltering, and this behavior is opposite in family firms. According to findings, family firms engage in more aggressive tax planning than non‐family firms. This study also provides evidence about the external effects on the relationship between CSR and tax avoidance when family firms are monitored effectively by institutional investors or debtors. More specifically, external monitoring by institutional investors or debtors only affects the tax avoidance behaviors of non‐family firms.
Nitrogen removal mechanisms in biochar‐amended sand filters treating onsite wastewater
Authors: Shahraki Zahra Maleki , Wang Mian , Zhao Yue , Orlov Alexander , Mao Xinwei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe performance of biochar‐amended sand filters treating septic tank effluent (STE) was investigated in bench‐scale columns. Softwood biochar showed higher NH4+–N adsorption capacity (1.3 mg N g−1), and its water holding capacity (0.57 g ml−1) was significantly higher than sand (0.26 g ml−1). Two biochar amendment ratios (10% and 30%) were selected for STE treatment in short‐term (20 days) and long‐term (8 months) studies. During the short‐term experiment, the overall total nitrogen removal efficiency was greater in biochar‐amended sand columns (94.7%–95.6%) than in 100% sand columns (71.2%) due to the additional NH4+–N adsorption by biochar. Greater nitrification performance was also observed in biochar‐amended columns (87.1%–96.3%) than in 100% sand columns (61.4%) during long‐term operation when alkalinity was insufficient. The nitrification performance in biochar‐amended columns resumed more quickly (<7 days) after sufficient alkalinity was amended. The density of total biomass and nitrifying bacteria in biochar‐amended columns (30%) were significantly higher at all experimental stages, suggesting biochar served as a growth media for enhanced biomass growth. The alkalinity changes and STE composition fluctuation had little impact on the nitrification performance of the 30% biochar‐amended sand columns. In addition, biochar surface functional groups and zeta potential changed little after long‐term STE filtration. Collectively, the results demonstrated proper biochar amendment ratio (30%) could enhance the nitrification performance of sand filters treating STE by increasing the system hydraulic retention time, providing additional alkalinity for nitrification, and serving as a growth media for enhanced biomass growth.
Whole‐genome sequencing of hMPXV1 in five Italian cases confirms the occurrence of the predominant epidemic lineage
Authors: Forni Diego , Moltrasio Chiara , Sironi Manuela , Mozzi Alessandra , Quattri Eleonora , Venegoni Luigia , Zamprogno Marzia , Citterio Andrea , Clerici Mario , Marzano Angelo Valerio , Cagliani Rachele 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe ongoing outbreak of monkeypox virus (hMPXV1) is the largest recorded in historically nonendemic countries. Genomic surveillance has emerged as a pivotal tool to track the spread and monitor the evolution of viral pathogens. Therefore, to assess the genetic diversity of circulating hMPXV1 in northern Italy in June to July 2022, we sequenced and analyzed five complete genomes of viruses sampled from patients presenting with a typical course of hMPXV1 infection. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that all five genomes belong to the predominant epidemic lineage (B.1). Inspection of genetic changes and comparison with the reference sequence showed the presence of 12 nucleotide substitutions. Seven are nonsynonymous mutations leading to amino acid changes in six proteins belonging to different functional classes. Moreover, 11 of these 12 nucleotide mutations involve GA>AA or TC>TT replacements, suggesting that host APOBEC3 enzymes are responsible for the generation of substitutions in circulating viruses. Finally, metagenomic analysis evidenced bacterial superinfection (Streptococcus pyogenes) in one patient. Through this study, we contributed to expand the number of complete genomes of viruses circulating in Italy and characterize them as belonging to the predominant outbreak lineage.
Potential critical sources of error in the analysis of microcharcoal in Greenlandic palynological samples – an initial study
Authors: Krüger S. , Schnetger B. , Strunk A. , Jessen C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIt is common practice to count charcoal particles alongside pollen and non‐pollen palynomorphs in palynological samples. The classification of material as charcoal is dependent upon a number of morphological criteria which, in certain geological zones, could be misclassified. In a preliminary study we tested the effects of different preparation techniques on the count result of charcoal from the same samples of Greenland lake sediments. We demonstrate that the use of hydrofluoric acid has a major impact on the number of recorded charcoal particles. We show that detrital biotite is responsible for a large fraction of the particles misclassified as charcoal and suggest that by using a neodymium magnet any inaccuracy can be minimised. This protocol was then applied to further samples which removed the biotite fraction from the total charcoal count.
Feasibility and desirability of screening search results from Google Search exhaustively for systematic reviews: A cross‐case analysis
Authors: Briscoe Simon , Abbott Rebeca , Lawal Hassanat , Shaw Liz , Coon Jo Thompson 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA commonly reported challenge of using Google Search to identify studies for a systematic review is the high number of results retrieved. Thus, ‘stopping rules’ are applied when screening, such as screening only the first 100 results. However, recent evidence shows that Google Search estimates a much higher number of results than the viewable number, raising the possibility of exhaustive screening. This study aimed to provide further evidence on the feasibility of screening search results from Google Search exhaustively, and to assess the desirability of this in terms of identifying studies for a systematic review. We conducted a cross‐case analysis of the search results of eight Google Search searches from two systematic reviews. Feasibility of exhaustive screening was ascertained by calculating the viewable number of results. Desirability was ascertained according to: (1) the distribution of studies within the results, irrespective of relevance to a systematic review; (2) the distribution of studies which met the inclusion criteria for the two systematic reviews. The estimated number of results across the eight searches ranged from 342,000 to 72,300,000. The viewable number ranged from 272 to 364. Across the eight searches the distribution of studies was highest in the first 100 results. However, the lowest ranking relevant studies were ranked 227th and 215th for the two systematic reviews. One study per review was identified uniquely from searching Google Search, both within the first 100 results. The findings suggest it is feasible and desirable to screen Google Search results more extensively than commonly reported.
Investigation of changes in total phenol, flavonoid, antioxidant activity, fatty acids, polyphenol and mineral profiles of hazelnut kernels dried in air, oven and microwave
Authors: Özcan Mehmet Musa , Uslu Nurhan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHazelnut is one of the most consumed nuts in the world. Appropriate drying methods should be chosen to prevent microbiological and oil oxidation, which will affect the quality of hazelnuts after harvest.ResultsTotal phenolic and flavonoid contents of fresh and dried hazelnuts were detected between 40.83 (fresh (control)) and 82.98 mg GAE/100 g (conventional oven) to 105.95 (control) and 234.05 mg/100 g (conventional oven), respectively. Also, antioxidant activities of fresh and dried hazelnuts changed between 4.08 mmol/kg (control) and 7.46 mmol/kg (conventional oven). Gallic acid, 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, syringic acid and rutin were the abundant phenolic compounds of fresh and dried hazelnuts. Catechin amounts of hazelnut samples varied between 12.53 (control) and 37.78 mg/100 g (conventional oven). Also, while oleic acid amounts of hazelnut oils are determined between 73.21 (microwave) and 73.80% (air), linolenic acid amount of the ash of fresh and dried hazelnuts were identified between 17.57 (control) and 18.33% (conventional oven). P, K, Ca, Mg, S were the key macroelements of fresh and dried hazelnuts, while Fe, Cu and Zn are determined as the abundant microelements of hazelnuts. Results showed charges depending on drying types compared to the control.ConclusionAs a result, the differences in the nutritional properties and phytochemicals of hazelnuts were revealed during the drying of hazelnuts with different drying types, which is important due to their nutritional and physiological importance. Drying types and times were effective on the elemental contents of hazelnuts. Generally, considering the oil content, bioactive properties, phenolic components and fatty acids of hazelnut, it is thought that the conventional oven drying system can be chosen because it can achieve better results for consumers.
Toward agile Business Process Management: Description of concepts and a proposed definition
Authors: Bernardo Junior Ronaldo , de Padua Silvia Ines Dallavalle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBusiness Process Management (BPM) needs to be adjusted quickly and flexibly to cope with the dynamics of the business environment, so the demand for the incorporation of agility has reached BPM. To contribute to the theoretical consolidation of Agile BPM, it is necessary to develop a conceptualization for the term, that is, to describe the essential attributes for its understanding. Communicating the meaning of the concept in reduced words occurs through the definition, so the main objective of this study is to develop a scientific definition for Agile BPM. This study was performed in three phases. First, a systematic literature review was conducted to investigate how the scientific literature has addressed Agile BPM. Next, a deductive analysis was performed to conceptualize Agile BPM. In the third phase, a consultation with experts was conducted to refine the conceptual view and critique a tentative definition, preceded by judges' analysis to consolidate the definition. As a result, the concept of Agile BPM was elaborated, and based on the reduction of this conceptualization, a scientific definition was presented which describes that Agile BPM is “the promotion of BPM in which practitioners stimulate change quickly and flexibly in order to meet organizational demands with compliance and provide a better customer experience”. There is a pioneering spirit in the present study regarding the deliberate conceptualization of Agile BPM, which provides the basis for discussion of the topic, and helps scientific dissemination through a definition, contributing to the development of a theory of Agile BPM.