bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
System simulation of land use spatial planning method and environment management strategy analysis by using machine vision
Authors: Wang Shenmin , Ma Qifang , Liang Hanwei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In March 2018, the State Council issued a reform plan for institutions. Through the establishment of the Ministry of natural resources, the planning of the national space system was carried out, and the historical division phenomenon within the administrative institutions was solved by using the transformation of fragmentation. Subsequently, relevant functional departments began to design the land spatial planning system and coordinate the mechanism. From the policy guidance, it can be seen that land use spatial planning has risen to the central position in the national management system. From the current situation of planning control, planning control becomes more and more important in the management process. At the same time, the construction of ecological civilization requires us to examine the regulatory mechanism from a new perspective. Therefore, based on machine vision technology, this paper develops a land use spatial planning method system. The sub-pixel edge detection algorithm used in the system design can obtain the point coordinates on the edge of the gauge block with high accuracy. After testing, we can see that in terms of storage space, the octree map used in this paper can save more space than the point cloud map under the same resolution. Finally, this paper tests the system and finds that: in the land use spatial planning method system, the actual effect of the optimization algorithm in this paper is better than that before optimization, which proves that the land use spatial planning method system designed in this work is effective. In this paper, machine vision technology is introduced into the field of land use spatial planning, and a kind of effective system method is designed.
Risk of cardiovascular disease according to gender and lifestyle behaviors in adults with depressive symptoms: a prospective UK Biobank study
Authors: Lee Su Nam , Yun Jae-Seung , Ko Seung-Hyun , Ahn Yu-Bae , Yoo Ki-Dong , Her Sung-Ho , Moon Donggyu , Jung Sang-Hyuk , Won Hong-Hee , Kim Dokyoon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Depression is a well-known risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, how the relationship of depressive symptoms and CVD changes with gender and healthy lifestyle has not been studied. Therefore, we investigated the association between depressive symptoms and CVD risk according to gender and lifestyle. The UK Biobank is a national prospective cohort study that recruited middle-aged participants between 2006 and 2010. Depressive symptoms were assessed by self-reported frequency of depressive mood using the 2-week recall method. Participants were classified as having low, moderate, high, or very high symptom level according to the number of days they felt depressed in a 2-week period. The primary outcome was incident CVD including coronary artery disease, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, peripheral artery disease, atrial fibrillation/flutter, and heart failure. Participants reporting more depressive symptoms were younger and more likely to have comorbidities and unfavorable lifestyle behaviors. During a median follow-up of 8.9 years, 27,394 (6.3%) developed CVD. As the frequency of depressive symptoms increased, CVD risk also increased. After adjusting for multiple variables, CVD risk was 1.38-fold higher for subjects with very high depressive symptoms compared to those with low depressive symptoms. (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.24–1.53, P < 0.001). Among specific CVD outcomes, a significant relationship between depressive symptoms and CVD risk was observed in all subtypes except for hemorrhagic stroke. The correlation of depressive symptoms with CVD risk was more remarkable in females than in males. In subjects with high or very high depressive symptoms, no current smoking, normal weight, regular physical activity, and appropriate sleep duration were associated with lower CVD risk regardless of gender. However, eating habits did not affect the risk of CVD in subjects with depressive symptoms. We found that higher frequency of depressive symptoms is an independent risk factor of CVD. This association was prominent in women. In the population with depressive symptoms, engaging in a healthier lifestyle could prevent CVD risk regardless of gender.
Numerical simulation of flow field characteristics and pollutant transport under different ventilation modes
Authors: Chang Xiaoke , Chai Junrui , Chen Xingzhou , Bian Minghan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Toxic and harmful gases generated during tunnel construction endanger the life and health of construction personnel. Reasonable design and solution of ventilation problems become the key to ensure the safety of engineering construction. By repeatedly selecting model parameters and calculation methods, this paper establishes a reasonable model to simulate tunnel ventilation engineering. By simulating the distribution of the flow field in the tunnel under various ventilation modes, the mechanism of the turbulent air flow generated by the restriction of jet and wall is proved. The retarding effect of vortex region on pollutant transport is analyzed. The results showed that the retarding effect of vortex and pollutant transport diffusion mechanism resulted in two peak distributions of pollutants. The mechanism of fan accelerating pollutant transport in stagnation zone was also revealed. The time cost law of ventilation saving under different modes is found through comparison. According to the distribution characteristics of flow field and the migration rules of pollutants under various ventilation modes, a new annular ventilation mode is proposed, which provides a reference for the optimization of engineering ventilation time. By comparing different ventilation modes, optimization measures are proposed for specific projects.
Estimating the occurrence of labial bone perforation and implantation into the maxillary sinus maxillary premolars based on the morphology of maxillary premolars: A clinical study
Authors: Kong Zhuo-lin , Tu Yun-yun , Xu Dong-qian , Ding Xi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of labial bone perforation (LBP) and implantation into the maxillary sinus between various tooth-alveolar classifications with respect to the crown axis in maxillary premolars.
Material and methods Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of 399 participants were analyzed to determine the probability of LBP and implantation into the maxillary sinus when associated with variables that included tooth position and tooth-alveolar classification.
Results The morphology in the maxillary premolars was classified as straight, oblique, or boot-shaped. The first premolars were 62.3% straight, 37.0% oblique, and 0.8% boot-shaped and LBP occurred in 4.2% straight, 54.2% oblique, and 83.3% boot-shaped first premolars when the virtual implant was 3.5×10 mm. When the virtual implant was 4.3×10 mm, LBP occurred in 8.5% , 68.5% and 83.3% first premolars, respectively. The second premolars were 92.4% straight, 7.5% oblique, and 0.1% boot-shaped and LBP occurred in 0.5% straight , 33.3% oblique, and 0% boot-shaped, respectively, when the virtual implant was 3.5×10 mm; and LBP occurred in 1.3%, 53.3% and 100% second premolars, respectively, when the virtual implant was 4.3×10 mm.
Conclusions When an implant is placed in the long axis of a maxillary premolar, the tooth position and tooth-alveolar classification should be considered when assessing the risk of LBP. Attention should be paid to the implant direction, diameter, and length in the oblique and boot-shaped maxillary premolars.
Clinical relevance Preoperative CBCT needs to be used to reduce LBP in the maxillary premolars, especially when oblique or boot-shaped.
Impact of fractionated cisplatin and radiation treatment on cell growth and accumulation of DNA damage in two normal cell types differing in origin
Authors: Akuwudike Pamela , Lopez-Riego Milagrosa , Dehours Cloé , Lundholm Lovisa , Wojcik Andrzej 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Evidence on the impact of chemotherapy on radiotherapy-induced second malignant neoplasms is controversial. We estimated how cisplatin modulates the in vitro response of two normal cell types to fractionated radiation. AHH-1 lymphoblasts and VH10 fibroblasts were irradiated at 1 Gy/fraction 5 and 3 times per week during 2 and 3 weeks, respectively, and simultaneously treated with 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.7 and 3.3 µM of cisplatin twice a week. Cell growth during treatment was monitored. Cell growth/cell death and endpoints related to accumulation of DNA damage and, thus, carcinogenesis, were studied up to 21 days post treatment in cells exposed to radiation and the lowest cisplatin doses. Radiation alone significantly reduced cell growth. The impact of cisplatin alone below 3.3 µM was minimal. Except the lowest dose of cisplatin in VH10 cells, cisplatin reduced the inhibitory effect of radiation on cell growth. Delayed cell death was highest in the combination groups while the accumulation of DNA damage did not reveal a clear pattern. In conclusion, fractionated, concomitant exposure to radiation and cisplatin reduces the inhibitory effect of radiation on cell proliferation of normal cells and does not potentiate delayed effects resulting from accumulation of DNA damage.
GLP-1 facilitates cerebellar parallel fiber glutamate release through PKA cascade in vitro in mice
Authors: Wang Xin-Yuan , Liu Yang , Cao Li-Xin , Li Yu-Zi , Wan Peng , Qiu De-Lai 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is mainly secreted by preglucagon (PPG) neurons, which play important roles in modulation of neuronal activity and synaptic transmission through its receptors. In this study, we here studied the effect of GLP-1 on parallel fiber-Purkinje cell (PF-PC) synaptic transmission in mouse cerebellar slices, by whole-cell patch-clamp recording technique and pharmacology methods. In the presence of GABAA receptor antagonist, bath application of GLP-1 (100 nM) enhanced PF-PC synaptic transmission, which expressed an increase in amplitude of evoked excitatory postsynaptic synaptic currents (eEPSCs) and a decrease in paired-pulse ratio (PPR). GLP-1 induced enhancement of eEPSCs was abolished by a selective GLP-1 receptor antagonist, Exendin 9–39, as well as by extracellular application of a specific protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, KT5720. However, inhibition of postsynaptic PKA which PKI containing internal solution, failed to block GLP-1 induced enhancement of eEPSCs. In the presence of a mixture of gabazine (20 µM) and TTX (1 µM), GLP-1 receptor significantly increased the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic synaptic currents (mEPSCs), but without change the amplitude of mEPSCs. The GLP-1 induced increase in the frequency of mEPSCs was blocked by Exendin 9–39, as well as by inhibition of PKA with KT5720. The results indicate that activation of GLP-1 receptor enhances glutamate release at PF-PC synapse via PKA signaling pathway, resulting in an enhancement of PF-PC synaptic transmission in vitro in mice. The finding suggests that GLP-1 plays critical role in modulation of cerebellar function by regulating the excitatory synaptic transmission at PF-PC synapses in living animals.
The Climate Implications of Ending Global Poverty
Authors: Hallegatte Stephane , Wollburg Philip , Mahler Daniel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Previous studies have explored potential conflicts between ending poverty and limiting global warming by focusing on the carbon emissions linked to the consumption of the world’s poorest. Here we instead focus on economic growth as the main driver of poverty alleviation and estimate the emissions associated with the economic growth needed to eradicate poverty. With this framing, eradicating poverty requires not only to increase the consumption of poor people but also the consumption of non-poor people in poor countries. Even in this more pessimistic framing and with historical energy- and carbon-intensity patterns, the global emissions increase associated with eradicating extreme poverty is small, at 2.37 GtCO2e per year or 4.9% of 2019 global emissions, relative to a scenario without poverty alleviation. These additional emissions would not affect materially the climate change challenge for the rest of the world: global energy emissions would need to be reduced by 2.08 GtCO2e per year, instead of 2.0 GtCO2e per year needed in the absence of any progress towards extreme poverty eradication. Lower inequality, higher energy efficiency, and decarbonization of energy can significantly ease this trade-off: assuming the best historical performance in all countries, in part a conservative scenario considering recent progress in green technologies, the additional emissions for poverty eradication in 2050 are reduced by 90%. At the global level, therefore, the need to eradicate extreme poverty cannot be used as a justification for reducing the world’s climate ambitions. When trade-offs exist for specific policies or investments, the eradication of extreme poverty can be prioritized with negligible emissions implications. More ambitious poverty targets require more economic growth in more countries which creates more acute trade-offs. The estimated emissions increase in 2050 of eradicating poverty is 7.4 GtCO2e (or 15.3% of 2019 emissions) with the lower-middle-income poverty line at $3.65 per day and 22.1 GtCO2e (or 45.7% of 2019 emissions) with the $6.85 upper-middle-income poverty line. The challenge to align the world’s development and climate objectives is not in reconciling extreme poverty alleviation with climate objectives but in providing middle-income standards of living in a sustainable manner.
A site complex featuring rock art and Middle-to-Upper-Palaeolithic deposits. First data from Cueva del Arco, Cieza, Spain
Authors: Martín-Lerma Ignacio , Román Dídac , Armellini Jacopo , Sánchez-Martínez Noelia , Angelucci Diego E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The southern Iberian Peninsula is a key area for understanding the timing and patterns of the Middle-to-Upper Palaeolithic transition. Recently, the excavation and study of new sites has provided new insights on this topic. The aim of this paper is to introduce Cueva del Arco, a complex site featuring distinct caves and rock shelters. Cueva del Arco is located at short distance from the Almadenes gorge (Cieza, Spain) and preserves both Middle and Upper Palaeolithic deposits and assemblages, as well as rock art. Despite being known since the 1990s for its Palaeolithic rock art, systematic fieldwork was never undertaken at the site until recently. We here report the first results of a research programme that includes the systematic excavation of several cavities belonging to the Cueva del Arco complex, focusing on the location and context of the site, its stratigraphy and chronology, and site formation. Research at the site is still ongoing, but preliminary results suggest that the data from Cueva del Arco will provide new clues to the current debate on the transition from Neanderthals to anatomically modern humans in Southern Europe.
Graduate and postgraduate educational challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic period, its impact and innovations: A systematic review using PRISMA-2020
Authors: Shoaib Muhammad Harris , Sikandar Muhammad , Yousuf Rabia Ismail , Parkash Monica , Kazmi Syed Jamil Hassan , Ahmed Farrukh Rafiq , Ahmed Kamran , Saleem Muhammad Talha , Zaidi Syeda Hina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background:The study aims to investigate the challenges experienced among undergraduate and postgraduate education and the strategies adopted to overcome those challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method:A systemic review on PubMed and Google Scholar was performed from January to August 2020, yielding 8,847 articles. The PRISMA statement 2020 was followed. Title and abstract of the articles were used to scrutinize them followed by full-text screening based on the set inclusion and exclusion criteria. Twenty-seven of the obtained articles were selected for final data extraction. The facts and findings of the studies were also discussed based on per capita income, literacy rate, and internet accessibility.
Results:The selected articles were from North and South/Latin America, Asia & Pacific, and Europe regions. Eighteen of the selected articles discussed undergraduate education, eight postgraduate, and one in both groups. The affordability of digital devices and availability of internet services were the major challenges observed for low and middle-income economies. The ZOOM platform was adopted by more than 90% of the education systems.
Conclusion:In light of this review, it is suggested that harmonized and collaborative efforts should be made to design cost-effective and user-friendly tools to overcome the current challenges and prevent future education crises.
Systemic review registration:The review was not registered.
Accelerated evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in free-ranging white-tailed deer
Authors: McBride Dillon , Garushyants Sofya , Franks John , Magee Andrew , Overend Steven , Huey Devra , Williams Amanda , Faith Seth , Kandeil Ahmed , Trifkovic Sanja , Miller Lance , Jeevan Trushar , Patel Anami , Nolting Jacqueline , Tonkovich Michael , Genders J. Tyler , Montoney Andrew , Kasnyik Kevin , Linder Timothy , Bevins Sarah , Lenoch Julianna , Chandler Jeffrey , DeLiberto Thomas , Koonin Eugene , Suchard Marc , Lemey Philippe , Webby Richard , Nelson Martha , Bowman Andrew 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
While SARS-CoV-2 has sporadically infected a wide range of animal species worldwide1, the virus has been repeatedly and frequently detected in white-tailed deer in North America2–7. The zoonotic origins of this pandemic virus highlight the need to fill the vast gaps in our knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 ecology and evolution in non-human hosts. Here, we detected SARS-CoV-2 was introduced from humans into white-tailed deer more than 30 times in Ohio, USA during November 2021-March 2022. Subsequently, deer-to-deer transmission persisted for 2-8 months, which disseminated across hundreds of kilometers. We discovered that alpha and delta variants evolved in white-tailed deer at three-times the rate observed in humans. Newly developed Bayesian phylogenetic methods quantified how SARS-CoV-2 evolution is not only faster in white-tailed deer but driven by different mutational biases and selection pressures. White-tailed deer are not just short-term recipients of human viral diversity but serve as reservoirs for alpha and other variants to evolve in new directions after going extinct in humans. The long-term effect of this accelerated evolutionary rate remains to be seen as no critical phenotypic changes were observed in our animal model experiments using viruses isolated from white-tailed deer. Still, SARS-CoV-2 viruses have transmitted in white-tailed deer populations for a relatively short duration, and the risk of future changes may have serious consequences for humans and livestock.
Nile Red staining for the detection of microplastics: a comprehensive study on the emission spectra
Authors: Konde Srumika , Brackmann Stefan , Prume Julia , Gerhard Marina , Koch Martin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Several research groups have explored Nile Red staining of artificial and natural environmental samples to provide an inexpensive and relatively fast analysis tool for identifying microplastics. Yet, most of these studies were based on a limited set of polymer samples, and primarily base polymers were investigated, i.e., uncolored and non-weathered polymers. Hence, the influence of pigments, weathering or erosion on the luminescence of stained microplastics is not yet well understood. To fill this gap, we performed photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy on a variety of Nile Red-stained plastics and non-plastic samples. The investigated sample set includes commercially available plastic samples to investigate how additives and pigments in the polymer material impact the PL spectra via their auto-fluorescence. Besides, we study the influence of surface roughness on the emitted PL. Finally, we examined 20 microparticles collected from the Lahn River using PL spectroscopy to cross-validate our observations.
Distinct biological activity of Lewy body α-Synuclein strain in mice
Authors: Uemura Norihito , Marotta Nicholas , Ara Jahan , Meymand Emily , Zhang Bin , Kameda Hiroshi , Koike Masato , Luk Kelvin , Trojanowski John , Lee Virginia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Extraction of α-Synuclein (αSyn) aggregates from Lewy body disease (LBD) brains has been widely described yet templated fibrillization of LB-αSyn often fails to propagate its structural and functional properties. We recently demonstrated that aggregates amplified from LB-αSyn (ampLB) show distinct biological activities in vitro compared to human αSyn preformed fibrils (hPFF) formed de novo. Here we compare the in vivo biological activities of hPFF and ampLB regarding seeding activity, latency in inducing pathology, distribution of pathology, inclusion morphology, and cell-type preference. Injection of ampLB into mice expressing only human αSyn (Thy1:SNCA/Snca–/– mice) induced pathologies similar to those of LBD subjects that were distinct from those induced by hPFF-injection or developing spontaneously with aging. Importantly, αSyn aggregates in ampLB-injected Thy1:SNCA/Snca–/– mice maintained the unique biological and conformational features of original LB-αSyn. These results indicate that ampLB-injection, rather than conventional PFF-injection or αSyn overexpression, faithfully models key aspects of LBD.
Fragment-based Drug Designing to Develop New Hits Against Multiple Receptors of Coronavirus
Authors: Benny Sonu , Biju Namitha , Vishnu V. R , Kumar Sunil , George Ginson , P Aneesh T 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose COVID-19 pandemic has become worse with the difficulty of tracing the virus or phase of the coronaviral cycle inside the host, the failure of currently employed drugs over a vast population and the evolution of newer multiple strains. This work aimed to investigate and design novel molecules that can tackle coronaviral disease more effectively Methods The study was initiated with a drug repurposing approach to screen the existing drugs against multiple receptors of the initial strain, alpha coronavirus, through various in-silico analyses. The best hits were selected on their binding affinity towards most targets and their physicochemical properties. Top hits were assessed for their efficiency against multiple coronavirus strains, such as delta and Omicron and their Ligand-protein complexation stability through molecular dynamics study. They were further fragmented and subjected to fragment-based drug designing (FBDD) to give rise to novel molecules. Results Amentoflavone, Lopinavir and Teniposide were identified as the most effective ligands against multiple receptors of the corona viral protein through the drug repurposing studies. These drugs were fragmented, linked together in multiple fashions through the process of clustering and growing to give rise to some newly designed drugs. The novel compounds exhibited more affinity towards the multiple strains of coronavirus than their parent counterparts did. Conclusion Overall, the study resulted in the generation of novel moieties with promising activity towards the multiple strains of coronavirus through FBDD initiated through a multi-targeting anti-covid drug repurposing study.