bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of 6-mm and 10-mm-diameter, fully-covered, self-expandable metallic stents for distal malignant biliary obstruction
Authors: Harai Shota , Hijioka Susumu , Nagashio Yoshikuni , Ohba Akihiro , Maruki Yuta , Yamashige Daiki , Hisada Yuya , Yoshinari Motohiro , Kitamura Hidetoshi , Maehara Kosuke , Murashima Yumi , Kawasaki Yuki , Koga Takehiko , Takeshita Kotaro , Ueno Hideki , Kondo Shunsuke , Morizane Chigusa , Fukasawa Mitsuharu , Sone Miyuki , Saito Yutaka , Enomoto Nobuyuki , Okusaka Takuji 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims For distal malignant biliary obstruction, self-expandable metallic stents (SEMSs) have a larger inner diameter compared to plastic stents, which prolongs time to recurrent biliary obstruction (TRBO), although stent-related complications are still a problem. This study aimed to compare the outcomes between using 10– and 6-mm-diameter fully-covered SEMS (FCSEMS) for distal malignant biliary obstruction.
Patients and methods This single-center, retrospective study included patients with 10-mm or 6-mm-diameter FCSEMS to treat distal malignant biliary obstruction. Clinical success, stent-related adverse events (AEs), cumulative incidence of RBO, factors involved in stent-related AEs, and factors involved in RBO were evaluated.
Results There were 243 eligible cases between October 2017 and December 2021. The cumulative incidence of RBO did not differ significantly between the 10-mm and 6-mm groups. Stent-related AEs occurred in 31.6 % and 11.4 % of patients between the 10-mm and 6-mm groups, respectively (P < 0.01). Pancreatitis occurred in 10.5 % and 3.6 % (P = 0.04) and cholecystitis occurred in 11.8 % and 3.0 % of patients (P = 0.03) in the 10-mm and 6-mm groups, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the 6-mm stent was extracted as a factor linked to a reduced risk of AEs, but not as a risk factor of RBO.
Conclusions The 6-mm-diameter FCSEMS for distal malignant biliary obstruction is a well-balanced stent with a cumulative incidence of RBO compatible to that of the 10-mm-diameter FCSEMS and fewer stent-related AEs.
Differences in Tic Severity Among Adolescent Girls and Boys with Tourette Syndrome During the Pandemic
Authors: Larsh Travis R. , Wu Steve W. , Huddleston David A. , Lipps Tara D. , Gilbert Donald L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLimited data are available regarding the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on adolescents with Tourette syndrome (TS). We sought to compare sex differences in tic severity experienced by adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We extracted from the electronic health record and retrospectively reviewed Yale Global Tic Severity Scores (YGTSS) from adolescents (ages 13 through 17) with TS presenting to our clinic before (36 months) and during (24 months) the pandemic. A total of 373 unique adolescent patient encounters (prepandemic: 199; pandemic: 173) were identified. Compared with prepandemic, girls accounted for a significantly greater proportion of visits during the pandemic (p < 0.001). Prepandemic, tic severity did not differ between girls and boys. During the pandemic, compared with girls, boys had less clinically severe tics (p = 0.003). During the pandemic, older girls, but not boys, had less clinically severe tics (ρ =− 0.32, p = 0.003). These findings provide evidence that, regarding tic severity assessed with YGTSS, the experiences of adolescent girls and boys with TS have differed during the pandemic.
Enantioselective [2,3]-Wittig Rearrangement of Carboxylic Acid Derived Enolates by Tetradentate Chiral Lithium Amide
Authors: Shirai Ryuichi , Yatsuzuka Kenji , Kawasaki Midori 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA chiral lithium amide mediated enantioselective [2,3]-Wittig rearrangement of carboxylic acid enolate has been developed. The reaction proceeds through the formation of a chiral mixed aggregate that shields one enantioface of enolate anion to give a highly functionalized chiral α-hydroxycarboxylic acid.
Comparative Study of DIEP and PAP Flaps in Breast Reconstruction: Reconstructive Outcomes and Fat Necrosis
Authors: Kim Hyung Bae , Han Seong John , Kim Eon Key , Eom Jin Sup , Han Hyun Ho 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background This study compared the reconstructive outcomes and fat necrosis of the profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap with those of the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap.
Methods Data on all DIEP and PAP flap breast reconstructions performed between 2018 and 2021 at Asan Medical Center were compared. The overall reconstructive outcomes and presence of fat necrosis were analyzed through ultrasound evaluation performed by a board-certified radiologist.
Results The PAP (n = 43) and DIEP flaps (n = 99) were used to reconstruct 31 and 99 breasts, respectively. The average age of the patients in the PAP flap group (39.1 ± 7.3 years) was lower than in the DIEP flap group (47.4 ± 7.7 years), and the body mass index (BMI) of patients undergoing PAP flap reconstruction (22.7 ± 2.8 kg/m2) was lower than those undergoing DIEP flap reconstruction (24.3 ± 3.4 kg/m2). There was no total loss of both flaps. Donor site morbidity was higher in the PAP flap group (11.1%) compared with the DIEP flap (1.0%). The rate of fat necrosis was higher in the PAP flaps (40.7%) than in the DIEP flaps (17.8%) during ultrasound.
Conclusion In our study, we found that PAP flap reconstruction tended to be performed in patients who were younger with lower BMIs compared with the DIEP flap. Successful reconstructive outcomes were observed in both the PAP and DIEP flaps; however, a higher rate of necrosis was observed in the PAP flap compared with the DIEP flap.
The Cesarean Scar of Pregnancy: Ultrasound Findings and Expectant Management Outcomes
Authors: Spong Catherine Y. , Yule Casey S. , Fleming Elaine T. , Lafferty Ashlyn K. , McIntire Donald D. , Twickler Diane M. 
Published: February 2023

Objective The nomenclature has evolved from low implantation to cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) and criteria are recommended for identification and management. Management guidelines include pregnancy termination due to life-threatening complications. This article applies ultrasound (US) parameters recommended by the Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine (SMFM) in women who were expectantly managed.
Study Design Pregnancies were identified between March 1, 2013 and December 31, 2020. Inclusion criteria were women with CSP or low implantation identified on US. Studies were reviewed for niche, smallest myometrial thickness (SMT), and location of basalis blinded to clinical data. Clinical outcomes, pregnancy outcome, need for intervention, hysterectomy, transfusion, pathologic findings, and morbidities were obtained by chart review.
Results Of 101 pregnancies with low implantation, 43 met the SMFM criteria at < 10 weeks and 28 at 10 to 14 weeks. At < 10 weeks, SMFM criteria identified 45out of 76 women; of these 13 required hysterectomy; there were 6 who required hysterectomy but did not meet the SMFM criteria. At 10 to < 14 weeks, SMFM criteria identified 28 out of 42 women; of these 15 required hysterectomy. US parameters yielded significant differences in women requiring hysterectomy, at < 10 weeks and 10 to < 14 weeks' gestational age epochs, but the sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV), and negative predictive values (NPV) of these US parameters have limitations in identifying invasion to determine management. Of the 101 pregnancies, 46 (46%) failed < 20 weeks, 16 (35%) required medical/surgical management including 6 hysterectomies, and 30 (65%) required no intervention. There were 55 pregnancies (55%) that progressed beyond 20 weeks. Of these, 16 required hysterectomy (29%) while 39 (71%) did not. In the overall cohort of 101, 22 (21.8%) required hysterectomy and an additional16 (15.8%) required some type of intervention, while 66.7% required no intervention.
Conclusion SMFM US criteria for CSP have limitations for discerning clinical management due to lack of discriminatory threshold.
Key Points
Effects of Bout Duration on Load, Sprint, and Jump Ability During a
One-on-one Transition Task
Authors: Asian-Clemente Jose , Rabano-Munoz Alberto , Requena Bernardo , Suarez-Arrones Luis 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study examined the training load on professional soccer players during
transition games performed with different bout durations and their effects on
speed and jump tests. Fourteen young soccer players played a transition game of
different bout durations: 15 (TG15), 30 (TG30), and 60
(TG60) seconds. Total distance covered (DC), accelerations and
decelerations above 1.0 and 2.5 m·s-2, rate of
perceived exertion (RPE), maximal heart rate (HRmax) and above
90% (HR>90), distance covered between
18.0–20.9 km·h-1 (DC
18.0–20.9 km·h-1),
21.0–23.9 km·h-1 (DC
21.0–23.9 km·h-1), above
24.0 km·h-1
(DC>24.0 km·h-1), peak speed, sprint
profile, sprint, and countermovement jump tests were recorded. TG15
obtained greater DC, DC>21.0 km·h-1, Player
load, Acc>2.5 m·s-2 than TG30 and
TG60 (p<0.01) and
Acc<2.5 m·s-2,
Dec>2.5 m·s-2 than TG60
(p<0.01). TG30 showed more
HR>90 and RPE (p<0.01) than
TG15, and DC, DC>18.0 km·h-1,
Player load, Acc>2.5 m·s-2,
Dec>2.5 m·s-2, HR>90
and RPE than TG60 (p<0.01 and<0.05).
Transition games showed lower sprint and jump results after the intervention
(p<0.01). Bout duration has been configured as an important
constraint that influences the transition games and the performance of soccer
players.
What dictates income in New York City? SHAP analysis of income estimation based on Socio-economic and Spatial Information Gaussian Processes (SSIG)
Authors: Bai Ruiqiao , Lam Jacqueline C. K. , Li Victor O. K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIncome inequality presents a key challenge to urban sustainability across the developed economies. Traditionally, accurate high granularity income data are generally obtained from field surveys. However, due to privacy considerations, field subjects are hesitant to provide accurate personal income data. A Socio-economic & Spatial-Information-GP (SSIG) model is thereby developed to estimate district-based high granularity income for New York City (NYC). As compared to the state-of-the-art Gaussian Processes (GP) income estimation model based entirely on spatial information, SSIG incorporates socio-economic domain-specific knowledge into a GP model. For SSIG to be explainable, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis is undertaken to evaluate the relative contribution of various key individual socio-economic variables to district-based per-capita and median household income in NYC. Differentiating from traditional income inequality studies based predominantly on linear or log-linear regression model, SSIG presents a novel income-based model architecture, capable of modelling complex non-linear relationships. In parallel, SHAP analysis serves an effective analytical tool for identifying the key attributes to income inequality. Results have shown that SSIG surpasses other state-of-the-art baselines in estimation accuracy, as far as per-capita and median household income estimation at the Tract-level and the ZIP-level in NYC are concerned. SHAP results have indicated that having a bachelor or a postgraduate degree can accurately predict income in NYC, despite that between-district income inequality due to Sex/Race remains prevalent. SHAP has further confirmed that between-district income gap is more associated with Race than Sex. Furthermore, ablation study shows that socio-economic information is more predictive of income at the ZIP-level, relative to the spatial information. This study carries significant implications for policy-making in a developed context. To promote urban economic sustainability in NYC, policymakers can attend to the growing income disparity (income inequality) contributed by Sex and Race, while giving more higher education opportunities to residents in the lower-income districts, as the estimated per-capita income is more sensitive to the proportion of adults ≥25 holding a bachelor’s degree. Finally, interpretative SHAP analysis is useful for investigating the relative contribution of socio-economic inputs to any predicted outputs in future machine-learning-driven socio-economic analyses.
In search of a Rohingya digital diaspora: virtual togetherness, collective identities and political mobilisation
Authors: Ansar Anas , Khaled Abu Faisal Md. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFrequently called the most persecuted minority in the world, the Rohingyas have suffered systematic violence and oppression in Myanmar since the 1970s. Today, the vast majority of the nearly three million Rohingyas are in exile, escaping state-sponsored human rights violations and persecution in the Rakhine state of Myanmar—a place they call “home”. Neighbouring Bangladesh, which currently hosts over a million displaced Rohingya, has been a ‘sanctuary’ for at least the last four decades. A sizable community has also emerged successively in other South-East Asian countries and pockets of Australia, Europe and North America. In this context, bringing together issues at the crossroads of (im)mobilities, online connectivity and the quest for identity, this study examines the role of social media platforms in forming and shaping new types of diaspora activism among the exiled Rohingyas. Drawing on yearlong online ethnographic findings, it unpacks how digital platforms constitute a space for togetherness, where diasporic Rohingya identities are constructed, contested and mediated. Analysing recurring themes and patterns of engagement on these web-based platforms, the paper looks at how diasporic civic and political e-activisms are transforming the very contours of Rohingya identity formation and their pursuit of recognition. Finally, focusing on such a creative constellation of socio-cultural and political issues in virtual space, we demonstrate how Rohingyas practice a politics of resistance and recognition when confronting the policy pretensions of Myanmar’s government.
Different functions of ‘rā’ in New Persian
Authors: Rasekh-Mahand Mohammad , Parizadeh Mehdi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Persian has a polyfunctional case marker, ‘rā’, which diachronically varies greatly in the range
of functions it covers. In this paper, we give an account of different case functions of ‘rā’, in New Persian, an
era from the 8th century (C.E.) to present. To analyze the functionality of ‘rā’ in different texts, we selected
78 books from the New and Contemporary Persian eras and studied one thousand tokens of ‘rā’ from each century.
The data show that ‘rā’ has been a polyfunctional case marker in New Persian, marking about 13 different case
roles. Its main role was to mark direct objects, and gradually it has become its sole function in Contemporary Persian. However,
during the time span, some of the ‘rā’-marked roles remained constant and some of them replaced
‘rā’ with other adpositions. We follow a historical semantic map approach as a typological grid to examine
our data. The findings show that ‘rā’ has shifted from animate to inanimate concepts gradually. While in the 12th
century about 750 out of 1000 (about 75%) roles marked with ‘rā’ were animate, it has decreased to about 400 out
of 1000 (about 42%) in the 19th century and less than 30% in the 20th century. Our data show that ‘rā’ has not
gone further to mark inanimate relations, and it has gone toward core case roles, specifically direct object.
Einstein and Jordan-frame covariant Hamiltonians for F(R) gravity and their canonical relationships
Authors: Klusoň J , Matouš B 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the analysis of the covariant canonical formalism ofF(R) gravity in Einstein frame. We also find canonical transformation between covariant canonical formulation ofF(R) gravity in Jordan frame and Einstein frames and we also determine corresponding generating function.
Proposal for Zeeman slowing of Rb2 molecules in a supersonic beam, inducing internal cooling
Authors: Alejandro Lefrán Torres Manuel , Fernandes Passagem Henry , Rodríguez Fernández David , da Costa Paul Eduardo , Adan Mojica Casique Cristian , Dulieu Olivier , Bouloufa-Maafa Nadia , Gustavo Marcassa Luis 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present a theoretical proposal on Zeeman slowing of a Rb2 supersonic beam, relying on transitions between rovibrational levels of the

X
1

Σ
g
+

electronic ground-state and the

B

1

Π

u

electronic excited state. Translational cooling is induced by optical transitions from

v
X

⩽
13
,

J
X

⩽
13

to

v
B

=
0

involving P (

J
B

=

J
X

−
1

) and Q (

J
B

=

J
X

) branches. This is achieved by shaping the spectrum of broadband laser sources, in addition to two single-frequency laser sources addressing the

X
1

Σ
g
+

(

v

X

=
2
,
3
,

J

X

=
1
)
→

B

1

Π

u

(

v

B

=
0
,

J
B

=
1
)

transitions. Our Monte–Carlo simulations indicate that the velocity of the molecules can be slowed from 500 m s−1 down to a few m s−1 by a Zeeman slower with a 1.2 m length, after scattering about 150 000 photons. At the end of the slowing process, half of the molecules are internally cooled, predicted to be in the

v

X

=
2
,
3
,

J
X

=
1

ground-state levels. A final optical pumping step transferring the population to the

v

X

=
0
,

J
X

=
1

ground-state level could produce a molecular beam exiting the Zeeman slower which is cold in all the translational, vibrational, and rotational degrees of freedom. Such an approach could potentially be a great interest for cooling down a large class of molecular species.
Rapid forecasting of hydrogen concentration based on a multilayer CNN-LSTM network
Authors: Shi Yangyang , Ye Shenghua , Zheng Yangong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Gas sensors with rapid response are desirable in many safety applications. Reducing the response time of gas sensors is a challenging task. Computing a part of the initial temporal signals of gas sensors based on neural networks is an effective and powerful method for forecasting sensors’ output. To rapidly and robust forecasting hydrogen concentration, a sensor array is composed of a temperature and humidity sensor, and two hydrogen sensors. A neural network combined with convolutional neural networks and long-short-term memory networks is proposed to fuse temporal signals of the sensor array to forecast hydrogen concentrations. The structure of the neural network is optimized by increasing its depth. For the optimal neural network, the lowest mean absolute percent error is about 12.8% by computing initial 30 s of transient signals within 300–400 s response curves, the predicted mean absolute error is 1158 ppm in the testing range of 18 000 ppm. When the time span of initial transient signals of the sensor array increase to 150 s for the computing, the mean absolute percent error decreases to 5.7%. This study verifies the potential and effectiveness of the neural network for concentration forecasting by computing the temporal signals of the sensors.
Study on abnormal gait and fall warning method using wearable sensors and a human musculoskeletal model
Authors: Jia Xiaohui , Li Jiarui , Liu Jinyue , Li Tiejun , Yang Hua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An accurate and timely prediction of falls in a complex environment is vital for population groups such as workers, the elderly, and power-assisted exoskeleton wearers. Enhancing the universality of fall warning methods has been regarded as one of the primary challenges in the field of precise anomaly detection and fall prediction. To address this issue, a gait abnormality detection and fall warning method is proposed in this paper. First, a wearable data acquisition system integrated with inertial measurement units and capacitive plantar pressure sensors is used to obtain real data on feet. Second, a human musculoskeletal model is built in AnyBody software to obtain simulation data on feet. By comparison, the effectiveness of the simulation model is verified and the characteristics of abnormal gait are determined. Third, a backpropagation network is cleverly combined with the hidden Markov model. The cooperation of neural network and probabilistic model is employed to detect the abnormal gait sequence before falling and make a first-level fall warning. Then, a mapping model between the real and simulation plantar pressures is constructed using a multiple linear regression algorithm to weaken the difference of stability thresholds of different people and conduct second-level fall warning. Finally, two common fall patterns, tripping and slipping, are used to test the proposed fall waring method. The average sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the gait anomaly detection and stability judgment are used as evaluation metrics. The results indicate that the proposed method achieves average sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 100%, 97%, and 98.5%, and of 100%, 96%, and 98%, on tripping and slipping patterns, respectively. Moreover, the proposed method could assess pedestrian stability and provide fall warnings of more than 300 ms before a fall occurs.
Significance of the inclined magnetic field on the water-based hybrid nanofluid flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet
Authors: Algehyne Ebrahem A , Al-Bossly Afrah , Alduais Fuad S , Almusawa Musawa Yahya , Saeed Anwar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This work addresses a theoretical exploration of the water-based hybrid nanofluid flow over a nonlinear elongating surface. The flow is taken under the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis factors. Additionally, the inclined magnetic field is imposed in the present study to investigate the flow behavior at different angle of inclination. Homotopy analysis approach is used for the solution of modeled equations. Various physical factors, which are encountered during process of transformation, have been discussed physically. It is found that the magnetic factor and angle of inclination have reducing impacts on the velocity profiles of the nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid. The nonlinear index factor has direction relation with the velocity and temperature of the nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid flows. The thermal profiles of the nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid are augmented with the increasing thermophoretic and Brownian motion factors.

C
u
O
−

H

2

O

nanofluid flow has enhanced heat transfer rate than

A
g
−

H

2

O

nanofluid flow. On the other hand, the

C
u
O
−
A
g
/

H

2

O

hybrid nanofluid has better thermal flow rate than

C
u
O
−

H

2

O

and

A
g
−

H

2

O

nanofluids. From this table it has noticed that, Nusselt number has increased by 4% for silver nanoparticles whereas for hybrid nanofluid this incrimination is about 15%, which depicts that Nusselt number is higher for hybrid nanoparticles.
High pointwise emergence via saturated sets
Authors: Hou Xiaobo , Lin Wanshan , Tian Xueting 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this article, we prove that the set of points whose pointwise emergence have same degree in

[
1
,
∞
]

with repect to polynomial has strong dynamical complexity in sense of entropy, residuality and density, and distributional chaos for a β-shift, a C
1 diffeomorphism having a nontrival homoclinic class, or a

C

1
+
α

diffeomorphism preserving a hyperbolic ergodic measure. In this process, we construct nonempty compact connected set with fixed box-counting dimension in the space of invariant measures. Then combining with the relation between pointwise emergence of saturated set and box-counting dimension, we get the goal from two frameworks about dynamical complexity of saturated set. One framework was introduced by C. Pfister and W. Sullivan and can be applicable to transitive Anosov diffeomorphisms, mixing expanding maps, β-shifts, transitive subshifts of finite type, mixing sofic subshifts, and mixing S-gap shifts. The other framework is applicable to general homoclinic classes and diffeomorphisms preserving hyperbolic ergodic measures. We also get some combined observations with irregular set.