bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A binarized spiking neural network based on auto-reset LIF neurons and large signal synapses using STT-MTJs
Authors: Liu Haoyan , Ohsawa Takashi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A binarized spiking neural network using auto-reset leaky integrate-and-fire neurons with a two-transistor and three-magnetic tunnel junction core and large signal synapses with two-transistor and two-magnetic tunnel junctions is designed. The network is applied to a classifier of the MNIST handwritten digit dataset with a 784 × 400 synapse crossbar array. The weights are trained offline using the spike-timing-dependent plasticity learning algorithm and deployed to the spin-transfer torque magnetic tunnel junction (STT-MTJ) resistances in the synapses after being binarized. Its performance is evaluated by HSPICE using the STT-MTJ device model, which takes the stochastic change in the angle between the two magnetic moments in the free and pinned layers into consideration. 75% test accuracy is achieved for 1200 patterns with 1 ns read and 1 ns write operations and 0.23 pJ/SOP energy consumption.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS) BERBASIS KITĀB AL-‘ARABIYAH LI AN-NĀSYI’ĪN
Authors: Ridha Muhammad Rasyid , Ayuni Siti Khurotun , Shodiq Muhammad Jafar 
Published: April 2023

<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>The speed of information and communication technology development influences the transition of all human life in various ways, including in education. These various development media are incomplete if there are no things that make it easier for everyone to access learning. One media that can facilitate learning, especially learning Arabic, is E-learning based on the Learning Management System (LMS). This study adopts R&amp;D research (research and development) with five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The trial (implementation stage) was carried out on class XI students at the Muhammadiyah Boarding School Modern Islamic Boarding School in Yogyakarta, with a total of 42 students. The research results are in the form of learning media products of Learning Management System (LMS) based on the Book of Al-̒Arabiyah Li An-Nāsyi'īn for class XI students at the Muhammadiyah Boarding School Modern Islamic Boarding School, Yogyakarta, which can be accessed on the website <a href="https://mbs-yogya.ucm.ac.id/courses/11-tamrin-lughoh" target="_blank">https://mbs-yogya.ucm.ac.id/courses/11-tamrin-lughoh</a>. The validation results from media experts obtained a feasibility of 92 in the very feasible category, while material experts were 86 in the very feasible category. As for the trials from the students, the results were 92.56 with a very decent category and 86 with a very decent category from the teachers.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Development, Learning Media, Learning Management System, Al-̒Arabiyah Li An-Nāsyi'īn</em><em>̒</em><em></em></p>
Optimalisasi Edukasi Kesehatan Pemberian Tablet Fe sebagai bentuk upaya pencegahan Anemia pada Remaja SMA Negeri 4 Kota Sorong
Authors: Etnis Baktianita Ratna , Junaiddin Junaiddin , Bambungan Yulinda Margaret , Arianto Muhammad Faizal 
Published: April 2023

Anemia merupakan suatu kondisi medis dimana jumlah sel darah merah atau hemoglobin kurang dari normal. Angka kejadian anemia di Indonesia sebesar 21,7%. 18,4% terjadi pada laki-laki dan 23,9% terjadi pada perempuan. Berdasarkan kriteria usia 5-14 tahun mencapai 26,4% dan pada usia 15-25 tahun mencapai 18,4%. Berdasarkan data tersebut maka dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan sasaran remaja, yang bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dengan cara mengoptimalkan edukasi kesehatan sebagai upaya pencegahan anemia pada kaum remaja di SMAN 4 Kota Sorong sehingga remaja dapat memahami bahaya penyakit anemia selain itu remaja juga dapat mengaplikasikan bagaimana mengonsumsi tablet Fe yang baik dan benar sebagai bentuk optimalisasi pencegahan anemi pada remaja. Hasil yang didapat setelah remaja diberikan edukasi mengenai pemberian tablet Fe sebgai pencegahan anemi, menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan remaja sebanyak 28 orang terkait dengan pentingnya mencegah anemi dengan konsumsi tablet Fe yang baik dan benar.
CEERS Key Paper. IV. A Triality in the Nature of HST-dark Galaxies
Authors: Pérez-González Pablo G. , Barro Guillermo , Annunziatella Marianna , Costantin Luca , García-Argumánez Ángela , McGrath Elizabeth J. , Mérida Rosa M. , Zavala Jorge A. , Arrabal Haro Pablo , Bagley Micaela B. , Backhaus Bren E. , Behroozi Peter , Bell Eric F. , Bisigello Laura , Buat Véronique , Calabrò Antonello , Casey Caitlin M. , Cleri Nikko J. , Coogan Rosemary T. , Cooper M. C. , Cooray Asantha R. , Dekel Avishai , Dickinson Mark , Elbaz David , Ferguson Henry C. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Fontana Adriano , Franco Maximilien , Gardner Jonathan P. , Giavalisco Mauro , Gómez-Guijarro Carlos , Grazian Andrea , Grogin Norman A. , Guo Yuchen , Huertas-Company Marc , Jogee Shardha , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Kewley Lisa J. , Kirkpatrick Allison , Kocevski Dale D. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Long Arianna S. , Lotz Jennifer M. , Lucas Ray A. , Papovich Casey , Pirzkal Nor , Ravindranath Swara , Somerville Rachel S. , Tacchella Sandro , Trump Jonathan R. , Wang Weichen , Wilkins Stephen M. , Wuyts Stijn , Yang Guang , Yung L. Y. Aaron 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The new capabilities that JWST offers in the near- and mid-infrared (IR) are used to investigate in unprecedented detail the nature of optical/near-IR-faint, mid-IR-bright sources, with HST-dark galaxies among them. We gather JWST data from the CEERS survey in the Extended Groth Strip, jointly with HST data, and analyze spatially resolved optical-to-mid-IR spectral energy distributions to estimate photometric redshifts in two dimensions and stellar population properties on a pixel-by-pixel basis for red galaxies detected by NIRCam. We select 138 galaxies with F150W − F356W > 1.5 mag and F356W < 27.5 mag. The nature of these sources is threefold: (1) 71% are dusty star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at 2 < z < 6 with

9
<
log

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

<
11

and a variety of specific SFRs (<1 to >100 Gyr−1); (2) 18% are quiescent/dormant (i.e., subject to reignition/rejuvenation) galaxies (QGs) at 3 < z < 5, with

log

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

∼
10

and poststarburst mass-weighted ages (0.5–1.0 Gyr); and (3) 11% are strong young starbursts with indications of high equivalent width emission lines (typically, [O iii]+Hβ) at 6 < z < 7 (XELG-z6) and

log

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

∼
9.5

. The sample is dominated by disk-like galaxies with remarkable compactness for XELG-z6 (effective radii smaller than 0.4 kpc). Large attenuations in SFGs, 2 < A(V) < 5 mag, are found within 1.5 times the effective radius, approximately 2 kpc, while QGs present A(V) ∼ 0.2 mag. Our SED-fitting technique reproduces the expected dust emission luminosities of IR-bright and submillimeter galaxies. This study implies high levels of star formation activity between z ∼ 20 and z ∼ 10, where virtually 100% of our galaxies had already formed 108
M
⊙, 60% had assembled 109
M
⊙, and 10% up to 1010
M
⊙ (in situ or ex situ).
The Chocolate Chip Cookie Model: Dust-to-metal Ratio of H ii Regions
Authors: Lu 卢 Jiafeng 家风 , Shen 沈 Shiyin 世银 , Yuan 袁 Fang-Ting 方婷 , Zeng 曾 Qi 琪 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Using a sample of face-on star-forming galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we statistically derive the typical optical depth τ
cl of individual H ii regions based on the “Chocolate Chip Cookie” model of Lu et al. (2022). By binning galaxies into stellar mass and gas-phase metallicity bins and interpreting τ
cl as the dust-to-gas ratio (DGR) of H ii regions, we further investigate the correlations between DGR and stellar mass and between DGR and gas-phase metallicity, respectively. We find that DGR increases monotonically with the stellar mass of galaxies. At a given stellar mass, DGR shows a linear correlation with the gas-phase metallicity, which implies a constant dust-to-metal ratio (DTM) of galaxies at a given stellar mass. These results adequately indicate that the DTM of galaxies is simply a function of their stellar masses. In terms of gas-phase metallicity, because of the mass–metallicity relation, DTM increases with increasing metallicity with a power-law index 1.45 in the low-metallicity region, while it remains constant at the high-metallicity end.
Saturn's Seismic Rotation Revisited
Authors: Mankovich Christopher R. , Dewberry Janosz W. , Fuller Jim 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Normal mode seismology is a promising means of measuring rotation in gas giant interiors, and ring seismology presents a singular opportunity to do so at Saturn. We calculate Saturn’s normal modes of oscillation and zonal gravity field, using nonperturbative methods for normal modes in the rigidly rotating approximation, and perturbative methods for the shifts that Saturn’s deep winds induce in the mode frequencies and zonal gravity harmonics. The latter are calculated by solving the thermogravitational wind equation in an oblate geometry. Comparing many such models to gravity data and the frequencies of ring patterns excited by Saturn’s normal modes, we use statistical methods to estimate that Saturn’s cloud-level winds extend inward along cylinders before decaying at a depth 0.125–0.138 times Saturn’s equatorial radius, or 7530–8320 km, consistent with analyses of Cassini’s gravity and magnetic field data. The seismology is especially useful for pinning down Saturn’s poorly constrained deep rotation period, which we estimate at 2π/ΩS = 634.7 minutes (median) with a 5/95% quantile range of 633.8–635.5 minutes. Outstanding residuals in mode frequencies at low angular degree suggest a more complicated deep interior than has been considered to date. Smaller but still significant residuals at high angular degrees also show that our picture for the thermal, composition, and/or rotation profile in Saturn’s envelope is not yet complete.
Le dilemme de la recherche
Authors: Jouin Émilie , Ticca Anna Claudia 
Published: April 2023

Cette contribution vise à mettre en lumière les enjeux éthiques et déontologiques qui découlent de la recherche en linguistique interactionnelle avec des publics précaires et/ou vulnérables dans des contextes de communication plurilingue. Au regard des enjeux liés à la protection de ces publics et des données sensibles qui résultent de ces situations (secret médical, récits de vie traumatisants, statuts juridiques irréguliers…), un certain nombre de mesures légales sont mises en œuvre afin que le travail de terrain et la collecte de données se réalisent en accord avec ces mesures. Cependant, face à la réalité du terrain, les chercheur·e·s tentent en permanence de faire coïncider des intérêts parfois discordants – ceux de la recherche, des avancées scientifiques et des retombées sociétales – et ceux des individus et de leur protection. Afin d’illustrer les difficultés qui jalonnent nos recherches, nous présentons nos expériences issues de terrains au Mexique et en France.
Analysis of Lung Function and Respiratory Symptoms in Brass/Metal Industrial Workers of Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Garg Rohin , Matreja Prithpal Singh , Maqusood Mazher 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The job demands of some of the industries have been reported to be hazardous to the health and safety of workers. Workplace environmental hazards or occupational hazards are a globally major cause of disability and mortality among the working population. The present study was done to analyze the effect of exposure to metal dust on pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms.

Materials and Methods:
The study population selected as cases were 200 male mill workers working for at least 1-year duration (direct exposure) in the age group of 20–50 years, and controls were 200 age- and gender-matched male participants without any history of occupational or environmental exposure. A complete history was taken. Spirometry was done. Spirometric parameters studied were forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), ratio of FEV1 and FVC, and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). The spirometry data and baseline characteristics of the participants were compared using unpaired t-test.

Results:
The mean age of the participants of the study group and the control group was 42.3 years and 44.1 years, respectively. The majority of the study population belonged to the age group of 41–50 years. The mean FEV1 value among participants of the study group and control group was 2.69 and 2.13, respectively. The mean FVC value among participants of the study group and control group was 3.18 and 3.63, respectively. The mean FEV1/FVC value among participants of the study group and control group was 84.59% and 86.22%, respectively. The mean PEFR value among the study group and control group was 7.78 and 8.67, respectively. While analyzing statistically, mean lung functional tests were significantly lowered among the study group. About 69.5% of the participants of the study group thought it to be essential for making safety measures a necessity.

Conclusion:
The present study concluded that mean lung functional tests were significantly lowered among the study group. Despite the use of face mask, lung function abnormality was present in mill workers.
Drug-related Problems among Inpatients of General Medicine Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India
Authors: Mandumpala Janice Jacson , Manoj Aleena , Baby Neha , Mathai Sneha Elizabeth , Antony Siji , Tom Antriya Annie 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Identification of drug-related problems (DRPs) is a medication management service that can add value to individual patient care. Determination of DRPs daily is a promising approach for optimizing treatment.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of DRPs identified along with the risk factors that contribute to its development.

Setting:
This study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Central Kerala, India.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 newly admitted patients to the general medicine department. Patient medical records were reviewed in 3 stages – medication reconciliation, medication order review, and discharge summary review, and DRPs were categorized based on the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe V9.1. Patient characteristics such as age, gender, polypharmacy, comorbidities, nonadherence, and type of illness were recorded.

Results:
Out of 300 patients, 78.7% had DRPs. The incidence of DRPs was found to be 0.26 cases/people-months. Although age >60 years, gender, polypharmacy, nonadherence, comorbidities, and chronic ailments were risk factors for DRPs, only polypharmacy and comorbidities could be proven statistically.

Conclusion:
DRPs are an emerging issue within the confines of the health-care system and should be scrutinized to avoid negative outcomes. A stage-wise analysis of patients who are at risk will ensure better patient care.
Analysis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibodies Response in COVID-19 Patients and Health-Care Workers
Authors: Ingale Yaminy Pradeep , Chandanwale Shirish Sahebrao , Patel Payal , Rashmi Rakesh Kumar , Kale Narendra Chindhu , Kambale Tushar Jalindar , Vikhe Vikram Bhausaheb 
Published: April 2023

Background:
COVID-19 epidemic causes destructive consequences on human beings and on the global economy.

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies response in COVID-19 patients and health-care providers to them in different categories and with respect to age, sex, and symptoms.

Materials and Methods:
Analysis of immunoglobulin (Ig) G and total COVID antibodies was done by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) and IgM antibodies by rapid card test method in 300 cases.

Results:
Out of 300 cases, asymptomatic were 29%, mild 26.66%, moderate 17.66%, and severe were 28.33%; percentage of males were higher than females in all. The most common age group involved was 30–40 years (20%). The most common symptom was fever (51.33%), followed by cough (38.66%), and the most common comorbidity was hypertension (16.33%). We observed that severe category had a higher percentage of symptoms as well as comorbidities. Out of 300 cases, 56.66% were IgG positive, and 89.6% were total COVID antibody positive. In rapid IgM antibodies, out of 50 cases, 13 were positive. We observed that IgM was positive mainly in severe cases compared to mild cases, while IgG level was lower in severe cases than those of mild cases. In our study, majority of cases (97 cases) are IgG positive approximately in 8–14 days after onset of symptoms.

Conclusion:
Quantitative analysis of antibodies is a simple, quick, and cheap method and could play major role in diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19, and also used to pick up silent carriers (asymptomatic patients) who missed in false-negative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in such epidemic.
Diagnostic dilemma in a case of neonatal cardiac tumor – The importance of histopathology and mutation analysis in clinical practice
Authors: Sardar Syamal , Dey Rakesh , Mukherjee Suchandra , Pal Somnath 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Fetal or neonatal cardiac tumors are rarely encountered in neonatal practice. Moreover, these can be the earliest manifestation of underlying systemic conditions, such as tuberous sclerosis. Cardiac tumors are primarily diagnosed by characteristic findings in transthoracic echocardiography. However, these findings are not absolute, and histopathology remains the gold standard in diagnosing cardiac tumors. Sometimes, doubtful imaging findings can delay the diagnosis and initiation of definitive management. We describe a case of fetal and neonatal cardiac tumor where histopathology served as a benchmark in making a diagnosis and helped in identifying the underlying systemic disease.
En busca del buen morir
Authors: Baraglia Alex O. 
Published: April 2023

La muerte siempre ha generado desconcierto, por lo que acompañar en este proceso de final de vida conlleva un alto compromiso existencial. Si a esta difícil tarea se le agregan los condicionantes hospitalarios o legales que sufren los enfermos en su agonía, estamos ante una muerte aterradora, muy distante de una partida que pueda ser considerada amorosa. Como sabemos, la palabra “clínica” hace referencia a la práctica de atender al pie de la cama del paciente, aliviando el dolor del que está por partir; sin embargo, el “corsé legal” de la muerte está alejando al médico de aquel que debiera recibir toda su atención y sus cuidados, atándole el brazo para acompañarlo en el buen morir. Deberíamos debatir y acordar una estrategia que enriquezca la experiencia del momento final de la vida, de modo que ese puñado de enfermos pueda elegir su forma de partir. Es de un valor incalculable despertar la compasión en este tema tan importante que preocupa al ser humano desde la noche de los tiempos. Sería muy fructífero que aprovechemos la transmisión de sabiduría de siglos de antiguas culturas que han sabido cuidar con humildad la vida hasta el instante de morir.
PRIORITAS PENGGUNAAN DANA DESA SEBELUM DAN SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19 (Studi Kasus pada Desa Dukun,Kecamatan Dukun,Kabupaten Magelang)
Authors: Aprillasari Tiara Kasih , Sunaningsih Suci Nasehati 
Published: April 2023

Hadirnya pandemi Covid-19 membawa perubahan di Indonesia dan beberapa sektor global. Di Indonesia sektor perekonomian mengalami perubahan yang signifikan. Desa sebagai salah satu harapan pemerintah dalam menjuang kenaikan perekonomian Indonesia juga mengalami kendala akibat adanya pandemi ini. Perubahan prioritas penggunaan dana desa di Indonesia menjadi satu diantara cara pemerintah untuk membantu masyarakat ketika menghadapi Covid-19. Penelitian ini dibuat bertujuan untuk mengetahui prioritas penggunaan dana desa sebelum dan saat terjadinya pandemi Covid-19. Peneliti menggunakan objek di Desa Dukun,Kecamatan Dukun,Kabupaten Magelang pada penelitiannya. Metode yang diterapkan yaitu metode kualitatif dengan data sekunder dan primer. Hasil dari penelitian menujukkan bahwa sebelum dan sesudah pandemi Covid-19 prioritas penggunaan Dana Desa di Desa Dukun mengalami perubahan yang signifikan.Tahun 2019 sebelum covid-19 penggunaan dana desa untuk difokuskan untuk pembangunan, pemeliharaan,pengadaan infrastruktur desa serta pemberdayaan masyarakat.Sedangkan setelah munculnya Covid-19 digunakan untuk penanganan Covid-19 pada tahun 2020 dan 2021. Tahun 2020 sebesar Rp340.800.000,00 yaitu 30% dari total dana desa dalokasikan untuk penyaluran BLTDana Desa dan tahun 2021 sebesar ,00 maksimal alokasi untuk penyaluran BLT Dana Desa Dukun.
Real-Time Evaluation of Humanitarian Assistance Revisited: Lessons Learned and the Way Forward
Authors: Krueger Susanna , Sagmeister Elias 
Published: April 2023

Background: The real-time evaluation (RTE) approach has been applied in humanitarian assistance for two decades. Its spread seems to be as much a result of entrepreneurial evaluators who aim to demonstrate expertise to potential clients as it is a response to actual demand for immediate feedback of results to decision makers. Purpose: As RTE has come under scrutiny recently, this study demystifies the concept of RTE and looks beyond textbook descriptions of its advantages in order to understand its practical application in humanitarian action. Setting: NA Intervention: NA Research Design: NA Data Collection and Analysis: NA Findings: It then suggests lessons for how to improve the application of real-time evaluations and related concepts in practice.
Utilization Focused Developmental Evaluation: Learning Through Practice
Authors: Ramirez Ricardo , Kora Galin , Shephard Daniel 
Published: April 2023

Background: Utilization-focused evaluation provides an overall decision-making framework with the intention of ensuring evaluation products and processes are actually used. Developmental evaluation provides a structure to learn from an experiment or pilot in the making and provide feedback to course-correct and improve the ongoing effort. In this paper we report on a project where we combined both into a utilization-focused developmental evaluation (UFDE).Purpose: To determine the theoretical complementarities and the practical advantages of combining UFE with DE, by reflecting on a practical experience. We include a synopsis of the methodology along with a sample of findings, followed by a reflection of the overall process. We emphasize the conditions that enabled this experience to evolve to guide other practitioners interested in this learning approach to evaluation.Setting: The context was the piloting of a social and financial education curriculum for youth called Aflateen that was developed by Aflatoun Child Savings International in Amsterdam and test-driven by over forty partners around the World. Intervention: The evaluation experience took place during a ten-month period between December 2012 and October 2013. This paper provides a summary of the context and a justification for the approach.Research Design: Not applicable.Data Collection and Analysis: In additional to conventional data collection instruments, we applied participatory inquiry tools from Social Analysis Systems (www.sas2.net) as a means of engaging stakeholders in real-time data collection and analysis.Findings: Examples are provided to demonstrate how some developmental evaluation findings informed organizational strategic and operational decisions during the life of the evaluation.