bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SMITH AT 300: ADAM SMITH ON RHETORIC AND THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Authors: Dow Sheila 
Published: February 2023

“We need not be surprised … that the Cartesian philosophy …, though it does not perhaps contain a word of truth, … should nevertheless have been so universally received by all the Learned in Europe at that time. … [They] greedily receive[d] a work which we justly esteem one of the most entertaining Romances that has ever been wrote.”LRBL ii.134
From tomb-keeper to tomb-occupant: the changing conceptualisation of dogs in early China
Authors: Granger Kelsey 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDogs have played a vital and varied role in the social history of early China. Whether used as a source of food, a hunting-aid, or a sacrificial victim, dogs were intimately connected with human life and death. The placement and significance of dismembered and slaughtered dogs in human tombs have been a source of scholarly interest across the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. However, less attention has been paid to sources which present us with a spectrum of concerns surrounding the treatment of dogs after their death. Should they be consumed, discarded, or buried? Which dogs were deserving of burial, and how were such burials viewed by human commentators? By analysing textual, archaeological, and material sources, this article explores the changing conceptualisation of dogs in life and in death through the medium of the tomb, showing how the transition from tomb-keeper to tomb-occupant reflects an increasingly anthropomorphic view of canine potential and moral fibre by the early medieval period.
Executive functions are modulated by the context of dual language use: diglossic, bilingual and monolingual older adults
Authors: Alrwaita Najla , Houston-Price Carmel , Meteyard Lotte , Voits Toms , Pliatsikas Christos 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStudies investigating the role of dual language use in modulating executive functions have reported mixed results, with some studies reporting benefits in older adults. These studies typically focus on bilingual settings, while the role of dual language use in diglossic settings is rarely investigated. In diglossia, the two language varieties are separated by context, making it an ideal test case for the effects on cognition of Single Language Contexts, as defined by the Adaptive Control Hypothesis (Green & Abutalebi, 2013). We compare the performances of three groups of older adults, Arab diglossics (n = 28), bilinguals (n = 29), and monolinguals (n = 41), on the Flanker and Stroop tasks, measuring inhibition abilities, and the Color-shape task, measuring switching abilities. We report a diglossic benefit in inhibition as measured by the Flanker task only, and no benefits for the bilingual group. These findings are discussed with reference to conversational contexts in dual language use.
Prospective memory in bilinguals: Recalling future intentions in first and second language contexts
Authors: López-Rojas Cristina , Marful Alejandra , Pérez Ana I. , Bajo M. Teresa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecalling future intentions (i.e., prospective memory, PM) plays an essential role in everyday life, but sometimes, if the person is involved in a demanding ongoing task, PM is unsuccessful. This is especially relevant for bilinguals who, in many situations, have to recall intentions while performing a task in their second language (L2). Our aim was to explore whether PM is modulated by the linguistic context in which PM takes place. In this study, bilinguals performed a PM task in their first (L1) or second language (L2). We also manipulated the demands of the ongoing task (early/late updating) and the PM cue (focal/non-focal). In general, results showed an overall impairment in the recall of future intentions when the task was performed in L2. This impairment was especially evident in the more demanding conditions, suggesting that increments in attentional demands due to L2 processing hinder the processes required for prospective remembering.
Lexical production and innovation in child and adult Russian Heritage speakers dominant in English and Hebrew
Authors: Fridman Clara , Meir Natalia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe present study investigated lexical production and innovation of 202 participants across six groups: child and adult heritage speakers of Russian, dominant in Hebrew or American English, and monolingual Russian-speaking children and adults. Understanding quantitative performance across these six groups was intended to provide a comprehensive perspective on heritage language (HL) development, while comparing the participants’ qualitative non-target response patterns would elucidate the organization of the HL lexicon. We assessed the production of Russian nouns and verbs using a naming task. We then considered the effects of input at the societal and lexical levels (focusing on word frequency and age of acquisition). Our findings are discussed in terms of accounts of HL developmental trajectories: monolingual-like trajectory, frozen lexical development, attrition, and new language variety in a contact situation. The results presented no evidence for attrition, while elements of the other three trajectories were found in our quantitative and qualitative analyses.
Mixed language processing increases cross-language phonetic transfer in Bengali–English bilinguals
Authors: Mitra Auromita , Dutta Indranil 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the phonetic outcome of mixed-language speech in Bengali and Indian English, towards understanding cross-language interaction in highly proficient bilinguals. We compare spectral properties of L2 vowels [æ] (common to L1, L2) and [ʌ] (absent in L1) in code-switched (mixed) vs. nonswitched productions. Results reveal asymmetrical shifts in both vowels during mixed productions, towards related L1 categories. We interpret this as a temporary increase in cross-language phonetic interaction during mixed-language use, leading to a shift towards L1 norms, evidencing transfer effects on L2 vowels. We elicit mixed productions through two tasks: cued picture-naming and code-switching, to assess if experimental paradigm independently influences the behavior under study. Results reveal parallel patterns, but small magnitude differences, across paradigms. We discuss these findings in light of recent proposals about asymmetries in short-term phonetic interaction, postulated discursive factors in code-switching, and the issue of comparability between paradigms in transfer studies.
Family caregivers’ experience of communication with nursing home staff from admission to end of life during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study employing a transitional perspective
Authors: Gonella Silvia , Cornally Nicola , Antal Alexandra , Tambone Sara , Martin Peter , Dimonte Valerio , Di Giulio Paola 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesFamily caregivers’ (FCs) caregiving in nursing home (NH) moves across 3 main phases: transitioning relatives to long-term care, worsening of a relative’s conditions, and end of life; each phase brings specific challenges that FCs must confront. Moreover, during the COVID-19 pandemic, strict mandatory visitor restrictions affected communication modalities. This study explored FCs’ experience of communication with NH staff during the COVID-19 pandemic from admission to end of life.MethodsA descriptive qualitative study with inductive content analysis was performed in 7 Italian NHs from May to June 2021. NH managers purposively identified 25 FCs at different phases of their caregiving trajectory: transitional (i.e., admission in the previous 8 weeks, n = 8), deterioration-in-condition (i.e., acknowledged changes in care needs of their relative after trigger events, n = 10), and end-of-life phase (i.e., death expected in the next weeks or a few months, n = 7), who were interviewed.ResultsRegardless the phase of caregiving trajectory, what mattered most to FCs was the opportunity to have regular and sensitive discussions with health-care professionals. The need of in-person communication increased nearing death. The COVID-19 pandemic enhanced FCs’ need to interact with health-care professionals they trusted. Knowledge of residents’ preferences mitigated FCs’ turbulent emotions throughout the overall caregiving trajectory.Significance of resultsFindings suggest that in-person contacts should be prioritized and facilitated when possible, particularly at the end of life; nonetheless, meaningful communication can occur also through remote modalities. Investments in training health-care professionals about effective long-distance communication and supportive skills can help trusting relationships to be established. Open discussions about residents’ care preferences should be encouraged.
Magnetic field dissipation in nucleonic neutron star cores
Authors: Ofengeim Dmitry D. , Gusakov Mikhail E. , Potekhin Alexander Y. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe study the long-term heating due to magnetic field decay in the core of neutron star. Two cases for the nucleonic core are considered: normal and strongly superconducting. We give simple scaling relations (depending on the internal stellar temperature and the averaged magnetic field in the core) to estimate the magnetic field decay rate for the most important dissipation processes. Comparison to properties of observed neutron stars suggests that heating due to the magnetic field decay is (at least partially) responsible for the thermal states of middle-aged magnetars and highly-magnetized isolated neutron stars with ages of 1 — 10 Myr.
Novel Clues to the Physics of Magnetars as Probed with Detailed Pulse-Timing Studies
Authors: Makishima Kazuo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBroadband X-ray data of five magnetars show that their hard X-ray pulses suffer periodic phase modulations, at a period ∼ 104 times their pulse period. The phenomenon is interpreted as a result of free precession of neutron stars that are prolately deformed to an asphericity of ∼ 10−4, by the magnetic stress of toroidal fields reaching ∼ 1016 G. The behavior is absent in their soft X-ray pulses, probably due to a higher emission symmetry. The ultra-high toroidal fields, considered common to magnetars, may persist longer than their dipole fields.
Magnetic Field Evolution in the Crust of Neutron Stars: Crust Failure and Plastic Flow
Authors: Gourgouliatos Konstantinos N. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe evolution of the magnetic field in neutron star crusts because of the Hall effect has received significant attention over the last two decades, which is strongly justified because of the dominance of this effect in highly magnetised neutron stars. However, the applicability of the Hall effect is based on the assumption that the crust does not fail and sustains its rigidity. This assumption can be violated for substantially strong magnetic fields. If this is the case, the evolution of the magnetic field is described by a different set of equations, which include the effects of a non-rigid crust. In this talk, after a brief review of the main characteristic of the Hall evolution, I will discuss the impact a plastic flow of the crust has on the magnetic field, studying axisymmetric models. Moreover, the way the crust fails impacts the overall evolution, with major differences appearing if the failure is local, intermediate or global. Quite remarkably, crustal failure and plasticity do not annul the Hall effect, and under certain circumstances they may even lead to a more dramatic evolution. I will discuss the impact of these effects in the context of neutron star timing behaviour, with special focus on timing noise, outbursts and glitches.
Compact Remnant Constraints on the Core-Collapse Engine
Authors: Fryer Chris L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe convection-enhanced neutrino-driven supernova engine’s success in explaining a myriad of supernova properties has set it as the standard engine behind supernova. However, due to the success of rotationally-powered engines in explaining astrophysical transients like gamma-ray bursts, these engines have been revived as possible drivers of normal supernovae, competing with this standard engine. In this paper, these competing engines, and the constraints placed by compact remnant observations on these engines, are reviewed. We find that, with these constraints, such rotationally-powered engines can explain less than 1% of the current supernova remnants. In addition, we find that the remnant mass distribution can be used to constrain properties of the convection-enhanced neutrino-driven engine, helping astronomers understand the nature of convection in this engine.
INTEGRAL contributions to magnetars and multimessenger astrophysics
Authors: Mereghetti Sandro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe INTEGRAL satellite, in orbit since October 2002, has significantly contributed to the study of magnetars and, thanks to its unique capabilities for the study of transient gamma-ray phenomena, it is now playing an important role in multimessenger astrophysics. The most recent results include the discovery of a peculiar burst from SGR J1935+2154, which gave the first observational evidence for the connection between magnetars and fast radio bursts, and extensive searches for bursting activity in peculiar sources, such as the repeating FRB 20200120E in M81 and the ultra-long period magnetar candidate GLEAMX J162759.5–523504.3.
The Off-Axis Afterglow of GW170817: Flux Prediction at Very High Energies
Authors: Pellouin Clément , Daigne Frédéric 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe binary neutron star merger gravitational-wave event GW170817 and observations of the subsequent electromagnetic signals at different wavelengths have helped better understand the outflows that follow these mergers. In particular, the off-axis afterglow of the jetted ejecta has allowed to probe the lateral structure of such jets, especially thanks to VLBI imagery of the source. In this work, we model this afterglow including a decelerating jet with lateral structure, while synchrotron emission and synchrotron self-Compton scatterings power the jet radiation. In particular, we extend our analysis to very high energies and predict the light curve in the energy range of H.E.S.S. and the CTA. We finally discuss how future detections of afterglows by these observatories can help break the degeneracies in some key physical parameter measurements, and allow to probe efficiently a sub-population of fast-merging binaries.
Probing Magnetars Using Spectral Lines with Future Telescopes
Authors: Kırmızıbayrak Demet , Heyl Jeremy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present our findings on magnetar spectral line analysis in the context of upcoming high resolution, high effective area, high throughput X-ray telescopes for two cases: persistent magnetar emission and magnetar bursts. For magnetars in quiescence, we present our preliminary work on modelling for phase-resolved emission. Our results reveal the necessity of constraining line depth and width concurrently with line energy to conclusively determine hotspot emission and corresponding magnetic field geometry. We then present the results of our simulations using effective area and response of various current and upcoming X-ray telescopes for magnetar spectral line detection and expand on the exciting opportunities upcoming telescopes provide to probe quiescent and burst emission region geometry and propagation in the extreme magnetic field of a magnetar.
The simulations of early kilonova emission from neutron star mergers
Authors: Banerjee Smaranika , Tanaka Masaomi , Kawaguchi Kyohei , Kato Daiji , Gaigalas Gediminas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the neutron-star mergers, the radioactive decay of freshly synthesized heavy elements produces emissions in the ultraviolet-optical-infrared range, producing a transient called kilonova. The observational properties of the kilonova depend on the bound-bound opacity of the heavy elements, which was largely unavailable for the conditionssuitable at an early time (t < day). In this article, I share some of our recent progress on modeling the early kilonova light curve, focusing on the atomic opacity calculation.
X-ray Polarization at the Crossroads
Authors: Heyl Jeremy , Caiazzo Ilaria , González-Caniulef Denis 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe argue that measurements of X-ray polarization using the recently launched Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer will answer many open questions about magnetars in particular the physical state of their surfaces, whether vacuum birefringence exists, and the nature of the hard X-ray emission from these objects. We outline the capabilities of the instrument, specific models and the results of simulations for the magnetar 4U 0142+61.
Identification of a Local Sample of Gamma-Ray Bursts Consistent with a Magnetar Giant Flare Origin
Authors: Negro Michela , Burns Eric 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTriggered by the MGF detected from the Sculptor galaxy on April 2020, the study described in this proceeding reports the unambiguous identification of a distinct population of 4 local (< 5 Mpc) short GRBs, whose rise time and isotropic energy release are independently inconsistent with the larger short GRB population at >99.9% confidence. These properties, the host galaxies, and non-detection in gravitational waves all point to an extragalactic MGF origin. The inferred volumetric rates for events above 4 × 1044 erg of
$$R{\rm{ = }}3.8_{ - 3.1}^{ + 4.0} \times {10^5}Gp{c^{ - 3}}y{r^{ - 1}}$$
. These rates imply that some magnetars produce multiple MGFs, providing a source of repeating GRBs. The rates and host galaxies favor common core-collapse supernova as key progenitors of magnetars.
Rates and environments of neutron star binaries
Authors: Dvorkin Irina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecent observations of the various phases in the lives of neutron star binaries across different messengers have led to major discoveries and raised new exciting questions about the environments of these systems. We will overview the current observational constraints on the formation rates and environments of neutron star binaries, as well as theoretical predictions that will be confronted with future observations.
Search for gravitational-wave transients associated with magnetar bursts during the third Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo observing run
Authors: Merfeld Kara 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMagnetars are neutron stars with exceptionally strong dipole magnetic fields which are observed to display a range of x-ray flaring behavior, but the flaring mechanism is not well understood. The third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo extended from April 1, 2019 to March 27, 2020, and contained x-ray flares from known magnetar SGR 1935+2154, as well as the newly-discovered magnetar, Swift J1818-1607. We search for gravitational waves coincident with these magnetar flares with minimally modeled, coherent searches which specifically target both short-duration gravitational waves produced by excited f-modes in the magnetar’s core, as well as long-duration gravitational waves motivated by the Quasi-Periodic Oscillations observed in the tails of giant flares. In this talk, we report on the methods and sensitivity estimates of there searches, and the astrophysical implications.
Fast Radio Bursts: neutron stars, magnetars or something else?
Authors: Kramer Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-long bursts of radio emission of extragalactic origin. The nature or FRBs is still unknown. Whether all FRBs are representatives of the same source population, or whether multiple underlying populations exist, is also unknown. One class that stands out is that of the “repeaters”, i.e. FRBs from which multiple bursts have been detected. In these cases, appropriate models should be non-cataclysmic but yet being able to create powerful coherent radio emission. Magnetars are among those source types that are considered as possible explanation for (repeating) FRBs. This review will summarise the basic properties of FRBs and those of magnetars to provide a critical assessment of the possible physical connection between these classes of sources. We conclude that while magnetars may indeed be related to the FRB phenomenon, it is unlikely that they explain all FRBs, i.e. at least two classes of FRBs exist.
Alcohol use as a predictor of the course of major depressive disorder: a prospective population-based study
Authors: Schouten Maria J. E. , ten Have Margreet , Tuithof Marlous , de Graaf Ron , Dekker Jack J. M. , Goudriaan Anna E. , Blankers Matthijs 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aims
There are indications that problematic alcohol use may negatively impact the course of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, most studies on alcohol use and adverse MDD outcomes are conducted amongst MDD populations with (severe) alcohol use disorder in psychiatric treatment settings. Therefore, it remains unclear whether these results can be generalised to the general population. In light of this, we examined the longitudinal relationship between alcohol use and MDD persistence after a 3-year follow-up amongst people with MDD from the general population.

Methods
Data were derived from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 (NEMESIS-2), a psychiatric epidemiological prospective study comprising four waves amongst the adult Dutch general population (n = 6.646). The study sample (n = 642) consisted of those with 12-month MDD who participated at the follow-up wave. The outcome was 12-month MDD persistence after the 3-year follow-up, which was assessed via the Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.0. Weekly alcohol consumption was operationalised as non-drinking (0 drinks), low-risk drinking (⩽7 drinks; reference), at-risk drinking (women 8–13 drinks, men 8–20 drinks) and high-risk drinking (women ⩾14, men ⩾21 drinks). We performed univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses, which were adjusted for various socio-demographic and health-related factors.

Results
The majority (67.4%) of the MDD sample were female, while the mean age was 47.1 years. Amongst these, 23.8% were non-drinkers, 52.0% were low-risk drinkers and 14.3% and 9.4% were at-risk and high-risk drinkers, respectively. Around one-quarter of the sample (23.6%) met the criteria for a persistent MDD after 3-year follow-up. No statistically significant association was found between alcohol use and MDD persistence, either for the crude model or the adjusted models. In comparison to low-risk drinking, the full adjusted model showed no statistically significant associations between MDD persistence and non-drinking (odds ratio (OR) = 1.15, p = 0.620), at-risk drinking (OR = 1.25, p = 0.423), or high-risk drinking (OR = 0.74, p = 0.501).

Conclusions
Contrary to our expectations, our findings showed that alcohol use was not a predictor of MDD persistence after 3-year follow-up amongst people with MDD from the general population.