bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of two technology-enhanced diabetes prevention programs in primary care: The DiaBEAT-it study
Authors: Almeida Fabio A. , You Wen , Brito Fabiana A. , Alves Thais F. , Goessl Cody , Wall Sarah S. , Seidel Richard W. , Davy Brenda M. , Greenawald Mark H. , Hill Jennie L. , Estabrooks Paul A. 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of two technology-enhanced interventions for diabetes prevention among adults at risk for developing diabetes in a primary care setting.MethodsThe DiaBEAT-it study employed a hybrid 2-group preference (Choice) and 3-group randomized controlled (RCT) design. This paper presents weight related primary outcomes of the RCT arm. Patients from Southwest Virginia were identified through the Carilion Clinic electronic health records. Eligible participants (18 and older, BMI ≥ 25, no Type 2 Diabetes) were randomized to either Choice (n = 264) or RCT (n = 334). RCT individuals were further randomized to one of three groups: (1) a 2-h small group class to help patients develop a personal action plan to prevent diabetes (SC, n = 117); (2) a 2-h small group class plus automated telephone calls using an interactive voice response system (IVR) to help participants initiate weight loss through a healthful diet and regular physical activity (Class/IVR, n = 110); or (3) a DVD with same content as the class plus the same IVR calls over a period of 12 months (DVD/IVR, n = 107).ResultsOf the 334 participants that were randomized, 232 (69%) had study measured weights at 6 months, 221 (66%) at 12 months, and 208 (62%) at 18 months. Class/IVR participants were less likely to complete weight measures than SC or DVD/IVR. Intention to treat analyses, controlling for gender, race, age and baseline BMI, showed that DVD/IVR and Class/IVR led to reductions in BMI at 6 (DVD/IVR −0.94, p &lt; 0.001; Class/IVR −0.70, p &lt; 0.01), 12 (DVD/IVR −0.88, p &lt; 0.001; Class/IVR-0.82, p &lt; 0.001) and 18 (DVD/IVR −0.78, p &lt; 0.001; Class/IVR −0.58, p &lt; 0.01) months. All three groups showed a significant number of participants losing at least 5% of their body weight at 12 months (DVD/IVR 26.87%; Class/IVR 21.62%; SC 16.85%). When comparing groups, DVD/IVR were significantly more likely to decrease BMI at 6 months (p &lt; 0.05) and maintain the reduction at 18 months (p &lt; 0.05) when compared to SC. There were no differences between the other groups.ConclusionsThe DiaBEAT-it interventions show promise in responding to the need for scalable, effective methods to manage obesity and prevent diabetes in primary care settings that do not over burden primary care clinics and providers.Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02162901, identifier: NCT02162901.
Attitudes of the general public toward community pharmacy services in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Almanasef Mona 
Published: February 2023

AimThis research was conducted to evaluate the attitudes of the general public toward community pharmacy services in Saudi Arabia.MethodsThe current study followed a cross-sectional design using an online anonymous self-administered questionnaire. The study was conducted in Saudi Arabia between February and April 2022. The study participants were selected and recruited using a convenience sampling strategy. The questionnaire was adapted from previous work and involved four sections: demographic information, use of community pharmacy, perception and willingness to use community pharmacist services, and barriers to approaching a community pharmacist for advice.Results and conclusionsA total of 449 participants agreed to take part in this study and completed the questionnaire. Just above half (55%) of the participants indicated that they had visited a community pharmacy at least once a month over the last 12 months. The most frequently reported reason for visiting community pharmacies was to buy over-the-counter (OTC) medications. The majority (n = 318) of the participants were satisfied or highly satisfied with community pharmacy services in Saudi Arabia. A willingness to use community pharmacy services was expressed mostly for the essential community pharmacist roles, involving selecting over-the-counter products, management of minor ailments, selecting non-pharmaceuticals and receiving counseling on using medications. However, an unwillingness was noted to approach a community pharmacist for counseling on alcohol dependence and drug misuse. Lack of privacy in the community pharmacy was found to be the most frequently reported barrier that would hinder individuals from approaching community pharmacists to get help or advice. Policymakers in Saudi Arabia could considerably advance the community pharmacy practice and improve the public utilization of various community pharmacist services beyond their limited essential roles such as dispensing and counseling.
Allocation of emergency medical resources for epidemic diseases considering the heterogeneity of epidemic areas
Authors: Hu Bin , Jiang Guanhua , Yao Xinyi , Chen Wei , Yue Tingyu , Zhao Qitong , Wen Zongliang 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe resources available to fight an epidemic are typically limited, and the time and effort required to control it grow as the start date of the containment effort are delayed. When the population is afflicted in various regions, scheduling a fair and acceptable distribution of limited available resources stored in multiple emergency resource centers to each epidemic area has become a serious problem that requires immediate resolution.MethodsThis study presents an emergency medical logistics model for rapid response to public health emergencies. The proposed methodology consists of two recursive mechanisms: (1) time-varying forecasting of medical resources and (2) emergency medical resource allocation. Considering the epidemic's features and the heterogeneity of existing medical treatment capabilities in different epidemic areas, we provide the modified susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) model to predict the early stage emergency medical resource demand for epidemics. Then we define emergency indicators for each epidemic area based on this. By maximizing the weighted demand satisfaction rate and minimizing the total vehicle travel distance, we develop a bi-objective optimization model to determine the optimal medical resource allocation plan.ResultsDecision-makers should assign appropriate values to parameters at various stages of the emergency process based on the actual situation, to ensure that the results obtained are feasible and effective. It is necessary to set up an appropriate number of supply points in the epidemic emergency medical logistics supply to effectively reduce rescue costs and improve the level of emergency services.ConclusionsOverall, this work provides managerial insights to improve decisions made on medical distribution as per demand forecasting for quick response to public health emergencies.
The development of machine learning in bariatric surgery
Authors: Enodien Bassey , Taha-Mehlitz Stephanie , Saad Baraa , Nasser Maya , Frey Daniel M. , Taha Anas 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundMachine learning (ML), is an approach to data analysis that makes the process of analytical model building automatic. The significance of ML stems from its potential to evaluate big data and achieve quicker and more accurate outcomes. ML has recently witnessed increased adoption in the medical domain. Bariatric surgery, otherwise referred to as weight loss surgery, reflects the series of procedures performed on people demonstrating obesity. This systematic scoping review aims to explore the development of ML in bariatric surgery.MethodsThe study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-analyses for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR). A comprehensive literature search was performed of several databases including PubMed, Cochrane, and IEEE, and search engines namely Google Scholar. Eligible studies included journals published from 2016 to the current date. The PRESS checklist was used to evaluate the consistency demonstrated during the process.ResultsA total of seventeen articles qualified for inclusion in the study. Out of the included studies, sixteen concentrated on the role of ML algorithms in prediction, while one addressed ML's diagnostic capacity. Most articles (n = 15) were journal publications, whereas the rest (n = 2) were papers from conference proceedings. Most included reports were from the United States (n = 6). Most studies addressed neural networks, with convolutional neural networks as the most prevalent. Also, the data type used in most articles (n = 13) was derived from hospital databases, with very few articles (n = 4) collecting original data via observation.ConclusionsThis study indicates that ML has numerous benefits in bariatric surgery, however its current application is limited. The evidence suggests that bariatric surgeons can benefit from ML algorithms since they will facilitate the prediction and evaluation of patient outcomes. Also, ML approaches to enhance work processes by making data categorization and analysis easier. However, further large multicenter studies are required to validate results internally and externally as well as explore and address limitations of ML application in bariatric surgery.
Prognostic nomogram for estimating survival in patients with resected muscle-invasive bladder cancer receiving chemotherapy
Authors: Hu Bing , Chen Ru , Chen Guoxian , Zheng Ping , Fu Bin 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundChemotherapy has been proven to bring survival benefit in patients with resected muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), which is increasingly recommended. Our objective was to establish an effective model for estimating the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in these patients.Methods2,030 patients diagnosed with resected MIBC receiving chemotherapy were acquired from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database, which were randomized 7:3 into a primary set (1,421 patients) and an internal validation set (609 patients). Significant predictors for OS and CSS were identified by Cox regression models, which were then utilized to develop prognostic nomogram. The performance of the model was assessed by utilizing calibration, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsSix independent prognostic factors, including age, race, histology, T stage, N stage and regional nodes examined, made up the nomogram. The AUCs of the primary cohort was 0.751 and 0.753 for 3- and 5- year OS and 0.751 and 0.754 for 3-and 5- year CSS, respectively. The calibration plots proved the nomograms' satisfactory discrimination. The results of DCA manifested that our models had an excellent clinical applicability. In addition, a risk stratification system was established according to the nomogram' risk score. Obvious difference was found in different groups (P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe established prediction nomogram provides a simple-to-use tool for estimating the survival probability of resected MIBC patients treated with chemotherapy, which can assist clinicians make individualized treatment plans.
An epithelial–mesenchymal transition-related mRNA signature associated with the prognosis, immune infiltration and therapeutic response of colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yu , Li Yan , Zuo Zan , Li Ting , An Ying , Zhang Wenjing 
Published: February 2023

Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is closely associated with cancer cell metastasis. Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most common malignancies in the world, and its metastasis leading to poor prognosis remains a challenge for clinicians. The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic value of EMT-related genes (EMTRGs) by bioinformatics analysis and to develop a new EMTRGs prognostic signature for COAD.Methods: The TCGA-COAD dataset was downloaded from the TCGA portal as the training cohort, and the GSE17538 and GSE29621 datasets were obtained from the GEO database as the validation cohort. The best EMTRGs prognostic signature was constructed by differential expression analysis, Cox, and LASSO regression analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) is used to reveal pathways that are enriched in high-risk and low-risk groups. Differences in tumor immune cell levels were analyzed using microenvironmental cell population counter and single sample gene set enrichment analysis. Subclass mapping analysis and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer were applied for prediction of immunotherapy response and chemotherapy response, respectively.Results: A total of 77 differentially expressed EMTRGs were identified in the TCGA-COAD cohort, and they were significantly associated with functions and pathways related to cancer cell metastasis, proliferation, and apoptosis. We constructed EMTRGs prognostic signature with COMP, MYL9, PCOLCE2, SCG2, and TIMP1 as new COAD prognostic biomarkers. The high-risk group had a poorer prognosis with enhanced immune cell infiltration. The GSEA demonstrated that the high-risk group was involved in “ECM Receptor Interaction,” “WNT Signaling Pathway” and “Colorectal Cancer.” Furthermore, patients with high risk scores may respond to anti-CTLA4 therapy and may be more resistant to targeted therapy agents BI 2536 and ABT-888.Conclusion: Together, we developed a new EMTRGs prognostic signature that can be an independent prognostic factor for COAD. This study has guiding implications for individualized counseling and treatment of COAD patients.
Prediction of Soil Moisture Content from Sentinel-2 Images Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
Authors: Hegazi Ehab H. , Samak Abdellateif A. , Yang Lingbo , Huang Ran , Huang Jingfeng 
Published: February 2023

Agriculture is closely associated with food and water. Agriculture is the first source of food but the biggest consumer of freshwater. The population is constantly increasing. Smart agriculture is one of the means of achieving food and water security. Smart agriculture can help improve water management and increase agricultural production, thus counteracting rapid population growth requirements. Soil moisture estimation is a critical step in agricultural water management. Soil moisture measurement techniques in situ are point measurements, labor-intensive, time-consuming, tedious, and expensive. We propose, in this research, a new approach to predict soil moisture over vegetation-covered areas from Sentinel-2 images based on a convolutional neural network (CNN). CNN architecture (3) consisting of six convolutional layers, one pooling layer, and two fully connected layers has achieved the highest prediction accuracy. Three well-known criteria including coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE) are utilized to measure the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The Red Edge 3, NIR, and SWIR 1 are the most appropriate Sentinel-2 bands for retrieving soil moisture in vegetation-covered areas. Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are the best indicators. The use of the indicator is more proper than the use of the single Sentinel-2 band as input data for the proposed CNN architecture for predicting soil moisture. However, using combinations “that consist of some number of Sentinel-2 bands” as input data for CNN architecture is better than using each indicator separately or all of them as a group. The best values of the performance metrics were achieved using the sixth combination (R2=0.7094, MAE=0.0277, RMSE=0.0418) composed of the Red, Red Edge 1, Red Edge 2, Red Edge 3, NIR, and Red Edge 4 bands as input data to the CNN architecture (3), as well as by using the fifth combination (R2=0.7015, MAE=0.0287, RMSE=0.0424) composed of the Red Edge 3, NIR, Red Edge 4, and SWIR 1 bands.
A Compact High-Isolation Four-Element MIMO Antenna with Asymptote-Shaped Structure
Authors: Wu Aiting , Tao Yingxiang , Zhang Pengquan , Zhang Zhonghai , Fang Zhihua 
Published: February 2023

The demand for high-speed wireless communication systems has led to the development of ultrawide-band (UWB) antennas with a compact size and high performance. In this paper, we propose a novel four-port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with an asymptote-shaped structure that overcomes the limitations of existing designs for UWB applications. The antenna elements are placed orthogonally to each other for polarization diversity, and each element features a stepped rectangular patch with a tapered microstrip feedline. The unique structure of the antenna significantly reduces its dimensions to 42 × 42 mm2 (0.43λ×0.43λ@ 3.09GHz), making it highly desirable for use in small wireless devices. To further enhance the antenna’s performance, we use two parasitic tapes on the ground plane at the back as decoupling structures between adjacent elements. The tapes are designed in a windmill shape and a rotating extended cross shape, respectively, to further improve the isolation. We fabricated and measured the proposed antenna design on a single-layer substrate (FR4) with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1 mm. The measured results show that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 3.09–12 GHz, with an isolation of −16.4 dB, an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of 0.02, a diversity gain (DG) of 9.991 dB, an average total effective reflection coefficient (TARC) of −20 dB, an overall group delay value less than 1.4 ns, and a peak gain of 5.1 dBi. Although there may be some antennas that have better performance in one or two specific aspects, our proposed antenna has an excellent trade-off among all the antenna characteristics including bandwidth, size, and isolation. The proposed antenna also exhibits good quasi-omnidirectional radiation properties, making it well-suited for a range of emerging UWB-MIMO communication systems, particularly in small wireless devices. In summary, the compact size and ultrawide-band capabilities of the proposed MIMO antenna design, coupled with its improved performance compared to other recent UWB-MIMO designs, make it a promising candidate for 5G and next-generation wireless communication systems.
Fabrication of metal/oxide/fluorographene/oxide/silicon capacitors and their charge trapping properties
Authors: Kawashima Rino , Nohira Hiroshi , Ishikawa Ryousuke , Mitani Yuichiro 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Graphene is well-known as a material with extremely high carrier mobility, although its electrical properties can be changed into those of a highly insulating thin film by a fluorination treatment (fluorographene). Taking advantage of this property, a flexible nonvolatile memory using fluorographene as a charge trapping layer has been proposed. However, the mechanism of charge trapping on fluorographene is not yet fully understood. In this paper, we fabricated fluorographene and analyzed it by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) capacitors inserted with fluorographene were fabricated and evaluated electrically. As a result, a large flat-band voltage shift was observed even though the fluorine concentration (C–F bonding ratio) was saturated at around 14%. Furthermore, the charge centroid of the MIS capacitor with fluorographene coincides with the location of the fluorographene. These results indicate that fluorographene can capture injected charges and is a candidate for use in nonvolatile memory with two-dimensional materials.
Growth of α-In2O3 films with different concentrations of In2O3 powder used as source precursor by mist chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Taguchi Akito , Yamamoto Takumi , Kaneko Kentaro , Goto Ken , Onuma Takeyoshi , Honda Tohru , Kumagai Yoshinao , Fujita Shizuo , Yamaguchi Tomohiro 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The heteroepitaxial growth of In2O3 on a (0001) α-Al2O3 substrate was carried out using the mist chemical vapor deposition method. The concentrations of In2O3 powder in the source precursor solution varied between 0.025 and 0.250 mol l−1. An increase in the growth rate was observed with the increasing In2O3 powder concentration, and the highest growth rate of 4.2 μm h−1 was obtained at a powder concentration of 0.150 mol l−1. An improvement in the electrical properties was eventually observed, i.e. the lowest carrier concentration of 3.1 × 1017 cm−3 and the highest Hall mobility of 241 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature were obtained at a powder concentration of 0.150 mol l−1. The temperature-dependent Hall effect measurement for the sample showed pronounced carrier freeze-out in a temperature range of 300–30 K, indicating that the α-In2O3 film had near-non-degenerate conductivity.
Enhancement-mode vertical (100) β-Ga2O3 FinFETs with an average breakdown strength of 2.7 MV cm−1
Authors: Tetzner Kornelius , Klupsch Michael , Popp Andreas , Bin Anooz Saud , Chou Ta-Shun , Galazka Zbigniew , Ickert Karina , Matalla Mathias , Unger Ralph-Stephan , Treidel Eldad Bahat , Wolf Mihaela , Trampert Achim , Würfl Joachim , Hilt Oliver 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, we report on the realization of vertical (100) β-Ga2O3 FinFET devices for the use in power electronics applications. The experiments are carried out on structures consisting of highly conducting (100) β-Ga2O3 substrates with a doping concentration N
D of 3 × 1018 cm−3, and epitaxially grown layers with N
D of 5 × 1016 cm−3 for the drift and channel region. The fabricated FinFET devices feature enhancement-mode properties with a threshold voltage of +4.2 V and on/off-current ratio of 105. Moreover, breakdown measurements of these devices reveal an average breakdown strength of 2.7 MV cm−1. Additional device simulation indicates the presence of electric field peaks near the gate edge outside the active device as high as 7 and 5 MV cm−1 in the Al2O3 gate oxide and β-Ga2O3 semiconductor, respectively.
Electronic structures and molecular dynamics of gadolinium-doped FAPbI3 perovskite crystals
Authors: Suzuki Atsushi , Oku Takeo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The additive effect of a gadolinium ion into a formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite crystal on electronic structures and molecular dynamics was investigated for improving photovoltaic performance with stability. The electronic structures, band structure, partial density of state, and molecular dynamics were determined by first-principles calculation. The band distribution and charge transfer between the 5d orbital of the gadolinium atom, the 5p orbital of the iodine atom, and the 6p orbital of the lead atom promoted the carrier generation and diffusion related to short-circuit current density. The enthalpy and kinetic energy prompted stabilization of the gadolinium-doped crystal with a slight distortion of coordination structure, as compared with the decomposition of the FAPbI3 crystal. Diffusion coefficients of iodine and lead ions in the FAPbI3 crystal with defect were increased, predicting decomposition. The gadolinium-doped FAPbI3 perovskite crystal has great potential for applications in photovoltaic devices by improving photovoltaic performance.
المناطق الصناعية في جمهورية مصر العربية نموذجاً للتوطن الصناعي
Authors: أ. م. د. عايد جسام طعمة الجنابي  
Published: February 2023

تميزت جمهورية مصر العربية بالتقدم في مجال الصناعة، إذ احتل القطاع الصناعي مرتبة متقدمة من حيث الأهمية النسبية للاقتصاد القومي المصري، إذ يأتي بمقدمة القطاعات الاقتصادية من حيث مساهمته في الناتج المحلي الاجمالي أي حوالي (17,5%) عام 2005-2006، فضلاً عن تأثيره وعلاقته التشابكية مع القطاعات الانتاجية والخدمية.
فقد شهد عام 2007 على سبيل المثال إنطلاق المشروع الستراتيجي المعروف بالألف مصنع لجميع الفروع الصناعية. وأرتبطت الصناعة المصرية كمؤشر لتقدمها بالتجارة الخارجية وهو مؤشر ومعيار لنهوضها فكانت النقلة النوعية للاقتصاد المصري.
وما يميز الصناعة المصرية توطنها المكاني المنتظم، حيث المناطق الصناعية المنتشرة في كافة محافظات الجمهورية تقريباً. إن أكبر المناطق الصناعية هي المنطقة الصناعية في حلوان جنوب القاهرة العاصمة من حيث عدد الصناعات وأنواعها حيث الصناعات الثقيلة كالحديد والصلب والاسمنت والمطروقات فضلاً عن معيار عدد العاملين. وهناك مناطق صناعية أخرى كالمنطقة الصناعية في المنيا وسوهاج وكف