bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of organophosphate flame retardants and their metabolites among 391 volunteers in Taiwan: difference between adults and children
Authors: Cheng Fu-Jen , Wang Chih-Hwa , Pan Hsiu-Yung , Chen Chih-Cheng , Huang Wan-Ting , Li Shau-Hsuan , Wang Liang-Jen , Wang Chin-Chou , Lee Wen-Chin , Tsai Kai-Fan , Ou Yu-Che , Kung Chia-Te 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundOrganophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are ubiquitous in the environment. The compositions and concentrations of different OPFRs metabolites vary in different environments depending on different human activities. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the exposure of different age groups to OPFRs in Taiwan.MethodsVolunteers provided urine samples and responded to questionnaires including demographic factors, underlying disease, lifestyle information, and occupation from October 2021 to January 2022. OPFR measurements were performed using a Waters Acquity Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography system coupled with a Waters Xevo TQ-XS mass spectrometer.ResultsA total of 391 volunteers (74 children and 317 adults) were enrolled in this study. The concentrations (presented as μg/g creatinine) of bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP, p = 0.029) and tri-n-butyl phosphate (TNBP, p = 0.008) were higher in the adult group, while the concentrations of bis-2-chloroethyl phosphate (BCEP, p = 0.024), diphenyl phosphate (DPHP, p &lt; 0.001), tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP, p = 0.009), and Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP, p = 0.007) were higher in the child group. Compared with school age children (&gt;6 years), the concentration of di(2-n-butoxyethyl) phthalate (DBEP, 1.14 vs. 0.20 μg/g creatinine, p = 0.001), DPHP (1.23 vs. 0.54 μg/g creatinine, p = 0.036), TBEP (1.63 vs. 0.29 μg/g creatinine, p &lt; 0.001), and the sum of OPFR metabolites (ΣOPFRs, 6.58 vs. 2.04 μg/g creatinine, p &lt; 0.001) were statistically higher in preschool-aged children. After adjusting for confounding factors, pre-school age [odds ratio (OR): 4.579, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.389–13.115] and current smoker (OR: 5.328, 95%CI: 1.858–14.955) were independently associated with the risk of ΣOPFRs higher than 90 percentile.ConclusionThis study revealed the distribution of different OPFRs metabolites in children and adults. DBEP, DPHP, TBEP, and ΣOPFR were higher in preschool-aged children. Pre-school age and current smoking status were independent risk factors for ΣOPFRs higher than 90 percentile.
How are countries responding differently to COVID-19: a systematic review of guidelines on isolation measures
Authors: Xie Guangmei , Wang Li , Zhang Jun 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIsolation strategies have been implemented in numerous countries worldwide during the ongoing community transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, various countries and organizations have implemented their isolation measures at varying intensities, even during the same period. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the key information contained in currently available guidelines regarding the isolation of the general population, aiming to better identify the heterogeneity of the current isolation strategies.MethodsWe conducted searches in four evidence-based medicine (EBM) databases and five guideline websites to identify guidelines, guidance, protocols, and policy documents published by authoritative advisory bodies or healthcare organizations, which provided information on the implementation of isolation for general populations with COVID-19. One author extracted data using a standardized data extraction checklist, and a second author double-checked all extractions for completeness and correctness. Discrepancies were resolved through discussion. The information extracted from the included articles was summarized both narratively and using tables.ResultsWe included 15 articles that provided information on isolation measures recommended by nine different countries and organizations. The included articles consistently recommended isolating individuals with a positive COVID-19 test, regardless of the presence of symptoms. However, there were variations in the duration of isolation, and substantial differences also existed in the criteria for ending the isolation of COVID-19 patients.ConclusionDifferent countries and organizations have substantial differences in their isolation policies. This reminds us that scientifically sound guidelines on isolation that balance the risk of prematurely ending isolation with the burden of prolonged isolation are a crucial topic of discussion when faced with a pandemic.
Promotive and preventive interventions for mental health and well-being in adult populations: a systematic umbrella review
Authors: Saijonkari Maija , Paronen Elsa , Lakka Timo , Tolmunen Tommi , Linnosmaa Ismo , Lammintakanen Johanna , Isotalo Jenni , Rekola Hanna , Mäki-Opas Tomi 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMental health disorders are increasing worldwide, leading to significant personal, economic, and social consequences. Mental health promotion and prevention have been the subject of many systematic reviews. Thus, decision makers likely face the problem of going through literature to find and utilize the best available evidence. Therefore, this systematic umbrella review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for promoting mental health and mental well-being, as well as for the primary prevention of mental health disorders.MethodsLiterature searches were performed in APA PsycInfo, Medline, and Proquest Social Science databases from January 2000 to December 2021. The search results were screened for eligibility using pre-defined criteria. The methodological quality of the included reviews was evaluated using the AMSTAR 2 tool. The key findings of the included reviews were narratively synthesized and reported with an emphasis on reviews achieving higher methodological quality.ResultsOut of the 240 articles found, 16 systematic reviews and four systematic umbrella reviews were included. The methodological quality of included reviews was low or critically low.DiscussionThis review suggests that interventions using cognitive-behavioral therapy and those developing resilience, mindfulness, or healthy lifestyles can be effective in the promotion of mental health and well-being in adult populations. Motivational interviewing may reduce alcohol consumption in young adults. Indicated or selective prevention is likely to be cost-effective compared to universal prevention. Parenting interventions and workplace interventions may be cost-effective in terms of promoting mental health. Due to the low methodological quality of the included reviews and substantial heterogeneity among the reported results, the findings from the reviews we summarized should be interpreted with caution. There is a need for further rigorous, high-quality systematic reviews.
Comparison of seven surrogate insulin resistance indexes for predicting the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in normal-weight individuals
Authors: Liu Zeyu , Deng Bi , Huang Qin , Tu Ruxin , Yu Fang , Xia Jian , Feng Jie 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to assess the correlation between surrogate insulin resistance (IR) indexes and carotid atherosclerosis (CA) in normal-weight populations, as well as compared their ability to predict CA.MethodA total of 26,795 middle-aged and older adult individuals with normal body weights were included. Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), TyG-body mass index, TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR), visceral adiposity index, Chinese VAI (CVAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) were determined using established formulas. The associations between these surrogate indexes and CA were assessed using logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized to compare the performance of these indexes for predicting CA.ResultThe levels of all seven surrogate indexes of IR were significantly higher in normal-weight individuals with CA than in those without CA (p &lt; 0.001). In the full-adjusted model, only CVAI, TyG-WC, TyG-WHtR and LAP were significantly associated with CA, with the adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of CA being 1.25 (1.20–1.30), 1.18 (1.14–1.23), 1.20 (1.16–1.25) and 1.25 (1.18–1.32) for each one standard deviation increase in CVAI, TyG-WC, TyG-WHtR and LAP, respectively. RCS analysis revealed a significant increase in the prevalence of CA among normal-weight individuals with CVAI &gt;89.83, LAP &gt;28.91, TyG-WHtR &gt;4.42 and TyG-WC &gt;704.93. The area under the curve for CVAI was significantly greater than for other indexes (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionCVAI, TyG-WC, TyG-WHtR and LAP were independently associated with the prevalence of CA. Specifically, CVAI may be the most appropriate predictor of CA in normal-weight individuals.
Dynamic Dose-Based Emergency Evacuation Model for Enhancing Nuclear Power Plant Emergency Response Strategies
Authors: Miao Huifang , Zhang Guoming , Yu Peizhao , Shi Chunsen , Zheng Jianxiang 
Published: August 2023

The safe evacuation of residents near a nuclear power plant during a nuclear accident is vital for emergency response planning. To tackle this challenge, considering the dynamic dispersion of radioactive materials in the atmosphere and its impact on evacuation routes under different meteorological conditions is crucial. This paper develops a dynamic dose-based emergency evacuation model (DDEEM), which is an efficient and optimized nuclear accident evacuation model based on dynamic radiological dose calculation, utilizing an improved A* algorithm to determine optimal evacuation routes. The DDEEM takes into account the influence of radiological plume dispersion and path selection on evacuation effectiveness. This study employs the DDEEM to assess radiological consequences and evacuation strategies for students residing 5 km from a Chinese nuclear power plant. Under various meteorological conditions, including the three typical meteorological conditions, random ordered and random unordered meteorological sequences, optimal routes obtained through the DDEEM effectively reduce radiological dose exposure and mitigate radiation hazards. The results indicate that all evacuation paths generated by the DDEEM have a maximum dose of less than 1 mSv. Through simulations, the model’s effectiveness and reliability in dynamic radiological environments in terms of radiological consequences and evacuation analysis is verified. The research provides valuable insights and a practical tool for nuclear power plant emergency decision-making, enhancing emergency management capabilities during nuclear accidents. The DDEEM offers crucial technical support and a solid foundation for developing effective emergency response strategies.
The Effects of Homologous and Heterologous Grafting on the Growth of Gleditsia sinensis Scions
Authors: Xiao Feng , Zhao Yang , Wang Xiurong , Jian Xueyan 
Published: August 2023

Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fam. Leguminosae; Gen.: Gleditsia) has various uses, including for medicinal, edible, chemical, and material purposes, and is widely distributed in China. However, the extent of graft compatibility and its impact on growth when using different Gleditsia species as rootstocks for grafting G. sinensis scions is not yet clear. This study examined homologous and heterologous grafting between different Gleditsia species, measuring the survival rate, morphology, photosynthesis, physiology, and hormones of the grafted plants. The results showed that G. sinensis and other Gleditsia seedlings have survival rates of over 86%. The more distant the genetic relationship between species, the lower the grafting survival rate. The grafting of fast-growing G. fera as a rootstock increased the accumulation of photosynthetic products in the grafted plants, while the grafting of slow-growing G. microphylla as a rootstock slowed down the growth rate of the longitudinal extension of the leaves of the grafted plants. Heterografted rootstocks increased the contents of IPA, PP333, ACC, and DZ but decreased the levels of GA4, iP, and SA hormones. Some hormone levels that can be highly expressed in seedlings were used as rootstocks, and the corresponding hormone levels in the grafted seedlings were still highly expressed. This study lays a material and theoretical basis for the development of new resources for the breeding and rootstock selection of G. sinensis.
Plasma Blood Levels of Tafenoquine following a Single Oral Dosage in BALBc Mice with Acute Babesia microti Infection That Resulted in Rapid Clearance of Microscopically Detectable Parasitemia
Authors: Mordue Dana G. , Hale Synthia J. , Dennis William E. , Vuong Chau V. , Li Xiu-Min , Yang Nan , Wormser Gary P. 
Published: August 2023

Previous studies of mice infected with Babesia microti have shown that a single dose of tafenoquine administered orally is extremely effective at decreasing microscopically detectable parasitemia. However, a critical limitation of studies to date is the lack of data concerning the plasma levels of tafenoquine that are needed to treat babesiosis. In the current study, we begin to address this gap by examining the plasma levels of tafenoquine associated with the rapid reduction of B. microti patent parasitemia in a mouse model of babesiosis. In the current study, we infected BALB/c mice with 1 × 107 B. microti-infected red blood cells. Two days post-infection, mice were treated with 20 mg/kg of tafenoquine succinate or vehicle control administered orally by gavage. Parasitemia and plasma levels of tafenoquine were evaluated every 24 h post-treatment for 96 h. This allowed us to correlate blood plasma levels of tafenoquine with reductions in parasitemia in treated mice. Consistent with previous studies, a single oral dose of 20 mg/kg tafenoquine resulted in a rapid reduction in parasitemia. Plasma levels of tafenoquine 24 h post-administration ranged from 347 to 503 ng/mL and declined thereafter. This blood plasma tafenoquine level is similar to that achieved in humans using the current FDA-approved dose for the prevention of malaria.
Tiny Machine Learning Business Intelligence in the Semiconductor Industry: A Case Study
Authors: Casiroli Martina , Pau Danilo 
Published: August 2023

<p>This paper sets its primary objective to understand the transformative potential of Tiny Machine Learning (Tiny ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in enhancing industrial efficiency. Using a research design that juxtaposes the theoretical understanding of these technologies with real-world applications, the methodology adopted emphasizes three pivotal use cases, substantiated with tangible examples. The main outcomes show the influential role of STMicroelectronics, a leading semiconductor entity, in bridging the gap between Tiny ML, AI, and industrial applications. Results from in-depth examinations highlight the value of Predictive Maintenance as evidenced by offshore wind farms, the importance of Gesture Recognition in Human-Machine Interaction with a focus on autonomous vehicles, and the efficient integration of Tiny ML into IoT Sensor Networks, notably seismic monitoring. In conclusion, this manuscript underscores the impending future where Tiny ML and AI synergize, particularly hinting at breakthroughs in humanoid robotics. Such advancements are anticipated to redefine the contours of human-technology interaction impacting everyone in everyday life. </p>
Special Monographic Issue on the History of Human Anatomy and the Anatomical Bases of Palaeopathology
Authors: Galassi Francesco M. , Bianucci Raffaella 
Published: August 2023

It is our distinguished pleasure to introduce this special monographic issue of the Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology dedicated to the topics of the history of the anatomical sciences and the morphological bases of palaeopathological studies. These two branches of human anatomy, though deemed interesting and relevant to the field by a large number of scholars worldwide, are too often neglected or not developed into a self-standing, productive field of research and teaching, especially in Italy. This is particularly sad and detrimental if one considers that human anatomy was reborn in Italy after centuries of intellectual stagnation first at Bologna thanks to the teaching of the Mediaeval scholar Mondino de’ Liuzzi and later, during the Renaissance, owing to the interest showed by artists in the correct representation of human morphology and bodily proportions.
This shows how rediscovering the discipline’s history inevitably leads its students to the realisation of the existence of an interplay between the figurative arts and the study of the human body, a bond which until the late 19th century was perceived as evident, self-explanatory and indissoluble. Moreover, it was precisely in that century that, from the anatomical discipline and its sub-branch osteology, stemmed biological anthropology, a subject which, now greatly enriched by biomolecular studies and by the assessment of mummified human remains, can help us discover the antiquity of humankind, its evolution as much as that of the diseases that characterised its historical path, a field traditionally called “palaeopathology”.
In this collection of contributions encompassing all of the aforementioned areas of research and anatomical knowledge, we aim to stimulate our colleagues and students to rediscover the importance of these topics and to develop them into a higher research platform capable of bridging the so-called hard biomedical sciences and the humanities.
Finally, we would like to express our deepest gratitude to Professor Domenico Ribatti, the journal’s editorial board and the Società Italiana di Anatomia e Istologia for kindly accepting our proposal and for the invaluable support they gave us throughout the editorial process. In addition, we would like to thank all the contributors and anonymous reviewers who have made this issue possible.
Molecular detection of some virulence factors of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumonia that associated with pathogenicity
Authors: Kareem hanoon Emad , Hussain AL-Aammar Mahdi , Sobhani monfared Fatemeh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract: The study amid to isolation and identification of Hypervirulent K. pneumonia (hvKp) from clinical samples and virulence factors genes was detected. The present study included specimens collected from (Urine, Diabetic Foot, sputum , Liver abbesses , Blood , CSF ,and Semen ,) of patients infected with K. pneumonia in hospitals in Najaf City for both sexes, Male were (34) and Female (47) of age ranged between (10-50) years during the period September to December - 2022.
Eighty (80/100) isolates of K. pneumonia were detected by Morphological, microscopy and biochemical and confirmed by VITEK-2 system as a (hvKp). The result of phenotypic detection of some virulence factors such as biofilm , capsule, sidrophore, Outer membrane Protein(omp) and haemolysis), all isolates were biofilm producers(100%), with three different categories. According to the results of screening virulence genes, BssS (n= 80, 100%) was prevalent among all the clinical isolates, followed by the rmpA (n=22, 27.7%), and magA (n=3 .7%),
Pengenalan Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja Kepada Pekerja Pembuatan Paving Block
Authors: Anggraini Nurti Kusuma , Arthaningtyas Desy Ratna , Suharyo Seno 
Published: August 2023

<p><em>Pelaksanaan Kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja tidak hanya merupakan tanggung jawab Pemerintah tetapi juga merupakan tanggung jawab semua pihak. Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) sangat penting bagi moral, legalitas, dan finansial karena berkaitan dengan kesehatan, keselamatan dan kesejahteraan manusia yang bekerja di sebuah instansi maupun lokasi kon</em><em>s</em><em>truksi seperti proses pembuatan paving block. Paving block dapat dijadikan solusi terbaik untuk lahan resapan saat hujan dan banjir. Pemasangannya yang tidak susah dan perawatannya pun mudah, sehingga banyak yang menggunakannya. Meningkatnya produktivitas kerja secara nasional harus diseimbangkan dengan meningkatnya kesadaran dan kepatuhan norma </em><em>k</em><em>esehatan dan keselamatan kerja, penerapan K3 merupakan bagian integral pembangunan nasional guna meningkatkan produktivitas dan daya saing Indonesia. Nilai angka kecelak</em><em>a</em><em>an akibat pekerjaan masih tinggi terutama di lingkungan infrastruktur sehingga Tim Pengabdian masyarakat mengusulkan kegiatan dengan memberikan pengenalan Kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja agar pekerja aman dalam melakukan pekerjaannya. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman K3 sebanyak 90% peserta sudah mengetahui dan memahami dalam menerapkan budaya K3. Kegiatan lanjutan mengenai pentingnya penerapan K3 masih perlu dilakukan agar pekerja lebih peduli dan sadar terhadap keselamatan dan kesehatan di</em><em> </em><em>lingkungan kerja, sehingga dapat penerapan budaya K3 di Indonesia dapat terlaksana dengan baik.</em> </p><p><strong>Kata kunci<em>: Budaya Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja, Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja, Paving Block</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p>
THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODELSPICTURE TYPE AND PICTUREHELPED MEDIA POSTERS TO THE RESULTS LEARNING CLASS VIII STUDENTS IN CHRISTIAN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL WAIBAKUL
Authors: Pekujawang Nefesi Rambu Woji , Bano Vidriana Oktoviana , Enda Riwa Rambu Hada 
Published: August 2023

Causes some students to be often tired in class, while others become docile, lack confidence, pay less attention, and be distracted by friends. The results of students' learning are impacted by this At Waibakul Christian Middle School, grade VIII students participated in this study to find out how the Cooperative Learning Model, which uses pictures and pictures typed out by media posters, affected their learning outcomes. Research of this kind is experimental research. Class VIII MIPA 1 served as the control class in this study whereas VIII MIPA 3 served as the experimental class. Using a quasi-experimental research design. 49 students made up the sample for this study, which employed non-probability sampling methods, namely the purposive sampling methodology. From pre- and post-testing, learning outcomes in the cognitive domain are determined. The statistical method used for the analysis is a test paired sample t-test. The study's findings showed that the experimental class's average value was 71 and the control class's was 55. It can also be deduced that the cooperative learning model, image and picture kinds, and poster medium supported by Waibakul Christian Middle School class VIII students' learning outcomes since test paired sample t-test earned value sig (2-tailed) 0.000 0.05. Keywords: Cooperative, Picture and Picture, Poster Media, Learning Outcomes, Learning ModelAbstrak Menyebabkan sebagian siswa sering lelah di dalam kelas, sedangkan sebagian lainnya menjadi penurut, kurang percaya diri, kurang perhatian, dan teralihkan perhatiannya oleh teman. Hasil belajar siswa dipengaruhi oleh hal tersebut Di SMP Kristen Waibakul, siswa kelas VIII berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana Model Pembelajaran Cooperative yang menggunakan gambar dan gambar yang diketik dengan media poster mempengaruhi hasil belajar mereka. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen. Kelas VIII MIPA 1 sebagai kelas kontrol dalam penelitian ini sedangkan VIII MIPA 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen. Menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimen semu. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 49 siswa yang menggunakan metode non-probability sampling yaitu metodologi purposive sampling. Dari pra-dan pasca-tes, hasil belajar dalam domain kognitif ditentukan. Metode statistik yang digunakan untuk analisis adalah uji paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen adalah 71 dan kelas kontrol adalah 55. Dapat juga disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif, jenis gambar dan gambar, dan media poster didukung oleh hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII SMP Kristen Waibakul. karena uji paired sample t-test diperoleh nilai sig (2-tailed) 0,000 0,05.