bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistance mechanisms of cereal plants and rhizosphere soil microbial communities to chromium stress
Authors: Zhao Pengyu , Li Yujing , Bai Xue , Jing Xiuqing , Huo Dongao , Zhao Xiaodong , Ding Yuqin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
[Purpose]Agricultural soils contaminated with heavy metals poison crops and disturb the normal functioning of rhizosphere microbial communities. Different crops and rhizosphere microbial communities exhibit different heavy metal resistance mechanisms. Here, indoor pot studies were used to assess the mechanisms of grain and soil rhizosphere microbial communities on chromium (Cr) stress.
[Methods]Grain and soil samples were collected prior to (CK), 6 h after (Cr_6h), and 6 days following (Cr_6d) Cr stress. Transcriptomic analysis, high-throughput sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used for sample determination and data analysis.
[Results]Cr stress inhibited the expression of genes related to cell division, and photosynthesis in grain plants while stimulating the expression of genes related to DNA replication and repair, in addition to plant defense systems resist Cr stress. Cr stress also significantly influenced the composition and diversity of soil microbial communities. Bacterial community networks were larger than fungal community networks and were more tightly connected and less modular than fungal networks. However, both co-occurrence networks primarily comprised positively correlated edges that could serve to increase community stability. Only the abundances of AOA- and AOB-amoA genes significantly increased in relation to Cr stress (p < 0.05), while the abundances of other genes exhibited increasing trends with increased Cr exposure.
[Conclusions]Overall, these results suggest that Cr stress primarily prevented cereal seedlings from completing photosynthesis, cell division, and proliferation while simultaneously triggering plant defense mechanisms to resist the toxic effects of Cr. Soil bacterial and fungal populations exhibited diverse response traits, community-assembly mechanisms, and increased expression of functional genes related to carbon and nitrogen cycling, all of which are likely related to microbial survival during Cr stress. This study provides new insights into resistance mechanisms, microbial community structures, and mechanisms of functional responses in cereal plants to heavy metal contaminated agricultural soils.
IK is essentially involved in ciliogenesis as an upstream regulator of oral-facial-digital syndrome ciliopathy gene,ofd1
Authors: Ka Hye In , Cho Mina , Kwon Seung-Hae , Mun Se Hwan , Han Sora , Kim Min Jung , Yang Young 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The cilia are microtubule-based organelles that protrude from the cell surface. Abnormalities in cilia result in various ciliopathies, including polycystic kidney disease (PKD), Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), and oral-facial-digital syndrome type I (OFD1), which show genetic defects associated with cilia formation. Although an increasing number of human diseases is attributed to ciliary defects, the functions or regulatory mechanisms of several ciliopathy genes remain unclear. Because cilia are deep in vivo, studying ciliogenesis is challenging. Here, we demonstrate that IK is essential for ciliogenesis in vivo.
Results
In the absence of IK, zebrafish embryos showed various ciliopathy phenotypes, such as body curvature, abnormal otoliths, and cyst formation in the kidney. RNA sequencing analysis showed that IK positively regulated ofd1 expression required for cilium assembly. Downregulation of ofd1 expression upon depletion of IK led to ciliary defects that was rescued by restoration of ofd1 expression. Interestingly, IK affected ciliogenesis particularly in the proximal tubule but not in the distal tubule in the kidney.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates the role of IK in ciliogenesis in vivo for the first time. Loss of IK in zebrafish embryos displays various ciliopathy phenotypes with abnormal ciliary morphology in ciliary tissues. Our findings on the IK–OFD1 axis provide new insights into the biological function of IK in clinical ciliopathy studies in humans.
Postoperative Urinary Retention After Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Under the Systematic Management Protocol
Authors: Lim Joonsoo , Lim Jangyeob , Khan Asfandyar , Lee Chang-Hyun , Kim Jun-Hoe , Choi Sejin , Kim Tae-Shin , Chung Chun Kee , Yoon Sangwook T. , Kim Kyoung-Tae , Kim Chi Heon 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive lateral lumbar fusion technique and patients are discharged 1–2 days after surgery. Because OLIF utilizes a retroperitoneal approach close to the superior hypogastric plexus, postoperative urinary retention (POUR) may not be an uncommon problem. The purpose of this study was to present the incidence and outcomes of POUR with a systematic care protocol. The records of 102 consecutive patients (M:F = 34:68; mean age, 68.0 ± 8.4 years) were retrospectively reviewed. After OLIF, the indwelling urinary catheter was immediately removed, and every patient was encouraged to void within 6 hours. The POUR care protocol, following a clinical pathway, was based on residual urine (RU), which was monitored with an ultrasound bladder scan after each voiding or every 6 hours for 48 hours. The incidence rate of POUR was 44% (45/102) at 24 hours, 17% (17/102) at 48 hours, and 2% (2/102) at 1 month. Preoperative urological symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 3.6) and violation of the protocol (OR, 28.0) were risk factors at 24 hours. At 48 hours, violation of the protocol was the only risk factor (OR, 10.5). Identifying risk factors and a preemptive care protocol may reduce permanent POUR.
Assessment of the Accuracy of Biparametric MRI/TRUS Fusion-Guided Biopsy for Index Tumor Evaluation using Postoperative Pathology Specimens
Authors: Shimizu Ryutaro , Morizane Shuichi , Yamamoto Atsushi , Yamane Hiroshi , Nishikawa Ryoma , Kimura Yusuke , Yamaguchi Noriya , Hikita Katsuya , Honda Masashi , Takenaka Atsushi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is widely used for prostate cancer diagnosis, surveillance, and staging; however, it has some limitations, including higher cost, longer examination time, and the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of index tumor (IT) assessed preoperatively using biparametric MRI (bpMRI)/transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) fusion prostate biopsy with radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens.
Methods
We included 69 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer through bpMRI/TRUS fusion-guided biopsy of lesions with Prostate Imaging Reporting & Data System (PI-RADS) category ≥ 3 and underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) at our institution between July 2017 and December 2021. The localization of preoperative and postoperative IT, highest Gleason score (GS), and tumor diameter were examined in these patients.
Results
The preoperative cT stage matched the postoperative pT stage in 34 cases (48%), while 20 cases (30%) were upstaged, and 15 cases (22%) were downstaged (Weighted Kappa = 0.236). The preoperative and postoperative IT localization were consistent in 59 cases (85.5%). The concordance rate between Gleason groups in targeted biopsy and RP specimens was 48%, with an upgrade in 17 cases (24%) and a downgrade in 29 cases (28%) (Weighted Kappa = 0.424). The IT maximum diameter and maximum cancer core length on biopsy were correlated with RP tumor maximum diameter (p = 0.007, p = 0.008).
Conclusion
In conclusion, the diagnostic accuracy of bpMRI/TRUS fusion biopsy is comparable to that of previous reports using mpMRI. The findings suggest that bpMRI/TRUS fusion biopsy can be a cost-effective and time-saving alternative.
Solving Lime Stabilization Issues Using Woven Geotextile in Soaked Conditions
Authors: Akerele Daniel D. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the engineering and geotechnical properties of poor subgrade soils and explores the use of lime and geotextile to improve soil properties. The aim is to enhance soil strength and mechanical properties in extreme conditions and address challenges associated with lime stabilization. Poor subgrade soil with low plasticity and strength can pose challenges to road construction and maintenance, particularly during the rainy season. In this study, experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of woven geotextiles on soaked lime-stabilized lateritic soils. Geotechnical tests, including particle size analysis, Atterberg, compaction, and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests were conducted. Geotextile was placed at varying depths under soaked conditions to evaluate the soil's bearing capacity. The findings indicate that the strength of lateritic soil was considerably improved by introducing geotextiles at different layers in the soil. It was observed that geotextiles placed at 3/5 the distance from the base showed a higher CBR value compared to the control results. The use of geotextiles has several advantages, including low maintenance, corrosion resistance, and increased service life of road pavement. In conclusion, geotextiles should be considered as a modernized approach to enhancing road construction on poor lateritic soils, particularly in wet situations where there are issues with lime stabilization.
Genetic Nature and Role of Environment in Sex Expression and Phenological Characters of Pistillate Lines in Castor (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: MANJUNATHA T , Ramya KT , Lavanya C , Sarada C , Senthilvel S , Patel CJ , Patel AM , Patel Mukesh Kumar , Madariya R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Sex Expression of pistillate lines and their agronomic traits were studied by evaluating six pistillate lines (DPC-22, IPC-30, IPC-31, DPC-9, SKP-84 and M-574) in different environments in India (Hyderabad, Bengaluru, SK Nagar and Junagadh). Stable pistillate expressions even at later order spikes were observed at all locations without any sex reversions to monoeciousness. Interspersed staminate flowers (ISFs) are produced on pistillate spikes for facilitating pollination and maintenance of pistillate lines. Lesser or preferably no ISFs production in pistillate lines is advantageous to maintain genetic purity of castor hybrid seed. Evaluation of genetically diverse pistillate lines in different environments indicated that the expression of interspersed staminate flowers (ISFs) is governed by different temperature dependent genes. It was found that nitrogen and other environmental factors, except temperature, have no role in ISF or sex expression of pistillate lines. We are also the first to report that genes for expression of ISFs and sex reversion are different and not related, though both of their expression depend on temperature. There was no sex reversion in any order of racemes in all the evaluated pistillate lines even at temperatures > 380C and only number of ISFs varied in the pistillate lines in different locations. This study has also established that genetically stable pistillate lines with least or no ISFs and without any sex reversion even at higher temperatures > 320C can be developed by evaluating and selecting diverse pistillate lines in different environments. GGE biplot analysis indicated that the four environments could discriminate the genotypes for the expression of ISFs. SK Nagar, Junagadh and Hyderabad locations were the best testing centres for discriminating the genotypes for stable pistillateness and ISF expression and thereby development of best and stable pistillate lines can be done in these locations. Whereas Bengaluru could be the ideal location for genetically pure castor hybrid seed production as there was no/least expression of ISFs in all the pistillate lines in the location. Pistillate line, IPC-30 had stable pistillate expression with lowest ISFs (0.37 ISFs) than SKP-84 (0.94 ISFs), followed by DPC-22 (4.92 ISFs) and IPC-31 (5.03 ISFs). DPC-22, IPC-30 and IPC-31 had no ISFs in primary spike and S1 spikes in both Hyderabad and Bengaluru locations. IPC-30 had zero to one ISF up to S4 order of spikes in SK Nagar and Junagadh and was the stable pistillate line across the four test environments. Phonological evaluation indicated that DPC-22 and IPC-31 were relatively early flowering with lower node number to primary spike.
Effect of hydrogen on the passivation for ultra-thin 316L SS foil
Authors: Yang Zhile , Larsson Alfred , Tang Huajie , Appelfeller Stephan , Sefer Birhan , Preobrajenski Alexei , Li Jun , Zhang Lei , Pan Jinshan , Yue Xiaoqi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The reformation and characterization of the passive film formed on ultra-thin 316L after hydrogen charging was investigated by combining EBSD, TMDS, XRD, Synchrotron-based XPS, and electrochemical experiments. The results show that ultra-thin foil reforms a passive film after 12 hours of hydrogen release in NaCl solution. The reformed passive film was half the thickness of the as-received passive film and was dominated by Cr oxides/hydroxides. The lattice extension caused by residual hydrogen accelerated Cr migration to form Cr2O3; while the diffusible hydrogen occupied the cation vacancies and resulted in high defect density for the reformed passive film within 12 hours.
Hematopoietic dysregulation caused by neutrophils underlies impaired T-cell response and enhanced susceptibility to tuberculosis.
Authors: Saqib Mohd , McDonough Elizabeth , Das Shreya , Cheng Zhong-shan , Sankar Poornima , Li Fuxiang , Yang Qianting , wang wenfei , Xu Yuzhong , Chen Xinchun , Sun Wei , Ojha Anil , Ginty Fiona , Cai Yi , Mishra Bibhuti 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection requires the generation of T cells that migrate to granulomas, specialized immune structures surrounding sites of bacterial replication. Here we report that persistent influx of neutrophils impedes T-cell recruitment to the lung and limits bacterial control in tuberculosis (TB) granulomas. We found that type I interferons (IFN-1) induced by Mtb infection dampens T-cell production in the bone marrow by driving a granulocyte-biased hematopoietic program. Neutrophil-intrinsic IFN-1 signaling, and bacterial type VII secretion system are critical for this process. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that IFN-1 facilitates neutrophil influx to the lung, where these cells produce granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in response to Mtb and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Augmented and sustained release of G-CSF support granulopoiesis and impair lymphopoiesis, causing sub-optimal T-cell responses in the lung and spleen. Therapeutically, inhibiting IFN-1 signaling or neutralizing G-CSF limits neutrophil-driven immunopathology and bacterial replication by restoring optimal T-cell responses. Thus, we identify a mechanism by which neutrophils limit T-cell immunity during TB by disrupting the hematopoietic equillibrium and propose “IFN-1→NETosis→GCSF” immune axis as targets for host-directed therapy and immunization
Cytotoxicity, biocompatibility and calcium deposition capacity of 45S5 bioglass experimental paste and Bio-C Temp: in vitro and in vivo study using Wistar rats
Authors: Benetti Francine , de Oliveira Pedro Henrique Chaves , de Andrade Maria Paula Bernal , Cantiga-Silva Cristiane , Diniz Ivana Márcia Alvez , Reis-Prado Alexandre Henrique dos , Souza Marina Trevelin , Zanotto Edgar Dutra , Cintra Luciano Tavares Angelo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives To evaluate cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, calcium deposition, and collagen maturation of 45S5 bioglass experimental paste and Bio-C Temp compared to calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) paste.
Materials and methods 45S5 bioglass and Ca(OH)2 powder were mixed with distilled water (ratio 2:1) and Bio-C Temp is ready-for-use. Dental pulp cells were exposed to material extracts (½ and ¼ dilutions; 24, 48, 72h) for MTT and live/dead analysis. Polyethylene tubes filled with 45S5 bioglass, Bio-C Temp, and Ca(OH)2 pastes, or empty for control, were implanted on the dorsum of 16 rats. After 7 and 30 days (n=8/period), the rats were euthanised and the specimens processed for haematoxylin-eosin staining, von Kossa (vK) technique, and picrosirius red (PSR), or without staining for polarized light birefringence analysis (PL). Statistical analysis was applied (p<0.05).
Results In vitro, there was no difference in cell viability among the Ca(OH)2, 45S5 bioglass and control, in all periods and extracts dilutions (p>0.05). Bio-C Temp was more cytotoxic than control in all periods and dilutions (p<0.05). In addition, it was more cytotoxic than 45S5 bioglass in 24 hours in 1:2 and 1:4 dilutions, and in 48 hours in the 1:2 dilution (p<0.05). In vivo, there was no difference between groups for any of the periods (p>0.05). However, there was a reduction in inflammation from 7 to 30 days for all groups. The fibrous capsule was thick for all groups at 7 days, and thin at 30 days. All materials showed positive structures for vK and birefringent in PL, which did not occur with the control. At 7 days, there were more immature fibers in control and 45S5 bioglass compared to other materials (p<0.05); at 30 days, 45S5 bioglass had more immature than mature fibers, being different from the other groups (p<0.05).
Conclusions Bio-C Temp presented cytotoxicity superior to the experimental 45S5 bioglass and Ca(OH)2 pastes. On the other hand, the three pastes showed biocompatibility and ability to induce calcium deposition. In addition, the experimental bioglass paste allowed a marked and continuous proliferation of collagen fibers.
Clinical relevance Bioglass-based intracanal medications are potential substitutes for traditional intracanal medications
Preferred learning style of Gross Anatomy in undergraduate medical students of Pakistan: Insights from the Index of Learning Styles Questionnaire
Authors: Salman Amber , Umar Zaima , Riaz Momna , Ali Uzma , Hanif Faiza , Zulfiqar Saba 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose There are many different learning and processing styles adopted by the students and it is necessary for their instructors to know which style is preferred by them so that effective teaching methodology can be implemented. However, there is considerable lack of data on learning style preferences of undergraduate medical students studying gross anatomy.
Methods The current study was designed to bridge this gap using Index of Learning Styles (ILS) questionnaire to the undergraduate medical students.
Results The results revealed that predominant learning style preferred by the students (n=505) were active (54.9%), sensing (85.1%), visual (81.2%) and sequential (74.4%). The understanding of student’s preferred learning style can help to tailor the course design, but it should not be considered in isolation. Instead, it can be improved by incorporating other effective tools concurrently such as flipped classroom.
Conclusion According to this study, the undergraduate medical students preferred active (hands on activities), sensing (grounded in concrete information), visual (employ visual representation like models, prosected specimens, figures and images and sequential (taught in small incremental steps).
Microfluidic investigation of the impacts of flow fluctuations on the development of Pseudomonas putida biofilms
Authors: Wei Guanju , Yang Judy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Biofilms play critical roles in wastewater treatment, bioremediation, and medical-device-related infections. Understanding the dynamics of biofilm formation and growth is essential for controlling and exploiting their properties. However, the majority of current studies have focused on the impact of steady flows on biofilm growth, while flow fluctuations are commonly encountered in natural and engineered systems such as water pipes and blood vessels. Here, we investigated the effects of flow fluctuations on Pseudomonas putida biofilm growth through systematic microfluidic experiments and developed a theoretical model to account for such effects. Our experimental results revealed that biofilm growth under fluctuating flow conditions followed three phases: lag phase, exponential phase, and fluctuation phase. In contrast, we observed the four phases of biofilm growth under steady-flow conditions, i.e., lag, exponential, stationary, and decline phases. Furthermore, we demonstrated that low-frequency flow fluctuations promoted biofilm growth, while high-frequency fluctuations inhibited its development. We attributed the contradictory impacts of flow fluctuations on biofilm growth to the adjust time needed for biofilm to grow. Based on the experimental measurements, we developed a theoretical model to predict the growth of biofilm thickness under fluctuating flow conditions. Our study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying biofilm development under fluctuating flows and can inform the design of strategies to control biofilm formation in diverse natural and engineered systems.
Reconsidering Repurposing: Long-term metformin treatment impairs cognition in Alzheimer’s model mice
Authors: Cho So Yeon , Kim Eun Woo , Park Soo Jin , Phillips Benjamin , Kim Hyunjeong , Heath Christopher , Kim Daehwan , Jang Yurim , López-Cruz Laura , Saksida Lisa , Bussey Timothy , Lee Do Yup , Kim Eosu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Metformin, a first-line anti-diabetic medication, may provide benefits against the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or “type 3 diabetes”. However, studies have demonstrated that metformin treatment may increase the risk of AD and aggravate its pathology. At present, no comprehensive investigation of the cognitive impact of chronic metformin treatment has been conducted. To address this issue, we chronically treated transgenic 3xTg-AD and non-transgenic (NT) C57BL/6 mice with metformin (300 mg/kg/day) over 1 and 2 years, respectively. During this period, we assessed behaviours in a number of domains including motivation, attention, memory, visual discrimination, and cognitive flexibility using touchscreen operant chambers. We found that metformin enhanced attention, inhibitory control, and associative learning in younger NT mice (≤16 months). In contrast, the chronic treatment caused impairments in memory retention and discrimination learning at an older age. In AD mice, metformin treatment also caused an impairment in learning and memory as assessed by the object-location paired-associates learning task. Consistent with these results, increased levels of β-amyloid oligomers, plaques, phosphorylated tau, and GSK3β expression were observed in the hippocampus of metformin-treated AD mice. Interestingly, chronic metformin treatment induced an increase in AMPKα1-subunit expression, which has been previously reported in the human AD brain. Potential confounding factors were ruled out since the levels of motivation, locomotion, appetite, body weight, blood glucose, and serum vitamin B12 were not altered by metformin. Our study indicates that the repurposing of metformin should be carefully reconsidered when this drug is used for persons with AD.
Sediment recycling at the slab-mantle interface andfore-arc metasomatism: experimental production ofK-rich metasomes
Authors: Gülmez Fatma , Prelević Dejan , Förster Michael W. , Buhre Stephan , Günther Jennifer 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Sediment contribution to the mantle is the key step for the generation of orogenic magmatism to produce its isotopic and geochemical inventory. Even though they are exceptional for the subduction settings, there are worldwide samples of arc-related ultrapotassic mafic magmas which require complex multi-stage processes along with sediment melting. To understand the metasomatism leading the mantle to produce ultrapotassic mafic melts we simulated the reactions of depleted (harzburgite)and fertile (lherzolite) mantle with subducted carbonate-rich sediment at relatively cold (800-850 oC) and shallow (2 GPa, 60-80 km) slab-mantle interfaces. The progressive devolatilization of the sediments can trigger the formation of immiscible and conjugate carbonatitic and silicic melts which flux the mantle to develop exotic minerals and dolomitic melts. The metasomatic growth product is a wehrlite composed of clinopyroxene, phlogopite, carbonate minerals, and amphibole