bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational physical activity predicts baseline and 8‐year progression of carotid atherosclerosis among women
Authors: Korshøj Mette , Allesøe Karen , Mortensen Ole Steen , Siersma Volkert , Kauhanen Jussi , Krause Niklas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionRecent reviews link higher levels of occupational physical activity (OPA) to cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the evidence for women is inconsistent and studies of activity‐limiting symptomatic CVD are prone to healthy worker survivor effect. To address these limitations, this study investigated OPA effects on asymptomatic carotid artery intima–media thickness (IMT) among women.MethodsParticipants include 905 women from the population‐based Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study with baseline (1998–2001) data on self‐reported OPA and sonographic measurement of IMT. Linear mixed models with adjustment for 15 potential confounders estimated and compared mean baseline IMT and 8‐year IMT progression for five levels of self‐reported OPA. Analyses stratified by cardiovascular health and retirement status were planned because strong interactions between preexisting CVD and OPA intensity have previously been reported.ResultsLight standing work, moderately heavy active work, and heavy or very heavy physical work were all consistently associated with greater baseline IMT and 8‐year IMT progression than light sitting work. The greatest baseline IMT was observed for heavy or very heavy physical work (1.21 mm), and the greatest 8‐year IMT progression for light standing work and moderately heavy active work (both 0.13 mm), 30% above sitting work (0.10 mm). Stratified analyses showed that these differences were driven by much stronger OPA effects among women with baseline carotid artery stenosis. Retired women experienced slower IMT progression than those working at baseline.ConclusionsHigher levels of OPA predict higher baseline IMT and 8‐year IMT progression, especially among women with baseline stenosis.
Fighting to the death: Does hockey fighting in the NHL affect players' longevity?
Authors: Goldschmied Nadav , Lambrecht Jaedyn , Castro Alyssa , Langton Haylee 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHockey is a sport known for its violent nature. Specifically, hockey fights have consistently been an integral part of the National Hockey League. Past research has demonstrated that players are likely to be involved in fighting as a mechanism to gain fan support, generate game momentum or enhance team camaraderie. However, fighting naturally has negative health ramifications. In the current study, we sought to investigate if players' involvement in hockey fights throughout their career was associated with shorter life spans. Previous mortality studies have not distinguished hockey fighting from other aggressive aspects of this sport (e.g., in game physical contact with other players). We conducted an archival study examining the frequency of hockey fighting during the 1957–1971 NHL seasons and player longevity. A Kaplan–Meier survival analysis log‐rank method and a subsequent Cox regression accounting for correlates showed no relationship between an elevated number of fights and a reduced lifespan. The lack of effect may indeed demonstrate a negligible influence on long‐term health consequences in the context of a generally very physical game. However, with the relatively moderate levels of fighting in the period studied we recommend that the association be explored also in a subsequent era when NHL fighting peaked.
The effects of social comparison, emotion induction, and parent vaccination status on parental intentions for COVID‐19 vaccine uptake in children
Authors: Herzog Noelle K. , Salhi Emily M. , Rose Jason P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractParental vaccine hesitancy—delays in vaccine uptake for children—is a significant public health concern. Using an online adult sample of U.S. parents (N = 183), the current research experimentally examined how exposure to cautious or risky social comparison models on social media (in terms of their COVID‐19 beliefs and behaviors) influenced parental intentions to vaccinate their children against COVID‐19 in the early stages of the pandemic. Additionally, we examined whether the influence of social comparison models was moderated by emotional state (fear or contentment) and parental vaccination status. Overall, we found that parents exposed to cautious (vs. risky) comparison models and vaccinated (vs. unvaccinated) parents reported greater vaccine intentions for their children. We further found that vaccination intentions were highest among unvaccinated parents after exposure to cautious (vs. risky) comparison models, whereas intentions were highest among vaccinated parents after exposure to risky (vs. cautious) comparison models (but only when induced to feel content). Overall, our findings highlight the importance of understanding the additive and interactive impact of psychological and situational factors in shaping parental vaccine hesitancy.
Mask‐wearing increases present‐mindedness
Authors: Kim Shinjung , Suh Eunkook M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBesides health consequences, in what subtle ways do mask‐wearing affect our psychology? In this research, we explored whether the experience of mask‐wearing, like other disruptive visceral states (e.g., hunger), affects our time perspective. In two experiments (total N = 596), we examined if mask‐wearing temporarily generates present‐mindedness (more focus on present than future). Study 1 found that mask‐wearing (vs. no‐mask) lowered considerations about the future, which was mediated by a sense of stuffiness. Study 2 extended this finding and examined whether the effect spillovers to other time‐relevant judgments, such as ideals about a good life. Again, when experiencing stuffiness because of mask‐wearing, people were more likely to favor pleasure in current life than future life meaning. Our finding implies that concrete visceral experience (stuffiness) linked with the pandemic may shape our mind in subtle, unforeseen ways.
Efficient sugar utilization and transition from oxidative to substrate‐level phosphorylation in high starch storage roots of African cassava genotypes
Authors: Lamm Christian E. , Rabbi Ismail Y. , Medeiros David Barbosa , Rosado‐Souza Laise , Pommerrenig Benjamin , Dahmani Ismail , Rüscher David , Hofmann Jörg , van Doorn Anna M. , Schlereth Armin , Neuhaus H. Ekkehard , Fernie Alisdair R. , Sonnewald Uwe , Zierer Wolfgang 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYCassava's storage roots represent one of the most important sources of nutritional carbohydrates worldwide. Particularly, smallholder farmers in sub‐Saharan Africa depend on this crop plant, where resilient and yield‐improved varieties are of vital importance to support steadily increasing populations. Aided by a growing understanding of the plant's metabolism and physiology, targeted improvement concepts already led to visible gains in recent years. To expand our knowledge and to contribute to these successes, we investigated storage roots of eight cassava genotypes with differential dry matter content from three successive field trials for their proteomic and metabolic profiles. At large, the metabolic focus in storage roots transitioned from cellular growth processes toward carbohydrate and nitrogen storage with increasing dry matter content. This is reflected in higher abundance of proteins related to nucleotide synthesis, protein turnover, and vacuolar energization in low starch genotypes, while proteins involved in sugar conversion and glycolysis were more prevalent in high dry matter genotypes. This shift in metabolic orientation was underlined by a clear transition from oxidative‐ to substrate‐level phosphorylation in high dry matter genotypes. Our analyses highlight metabolic patterns that are consistently and quantitatively associated with high dry matter accumulation in cassava storage roots, providing fundamental understanding of cassava's metabolism as well as a data resource for targeted genetic improvement.
Low energy availability reduces myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in trained females
Authors: Oxfeldt Mikkel , Phillips Stuart M. , Andersen Ole Emil , Johansen Frank Ted , Bangshaab Maj , Risikesan Jeyanthini , McKendry James , Melin Anna Katarina , Hansen Mette 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLow energy availability (LEA) describes a state where the energy intake is insufficient to cover the energy costs of both exercise energy expenditure and basal physiological body functions. LEA has been associated with various physiological consequences, such as reproductive dysfunction. However, the effect of LEA on skeletal muscle protein synthesis in females performing exercise training is still poorly understood. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to investigate the impact of LEA on daily integrated myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in trained females. Thirty eumenorrheic females were matched based on training history and randomized to undergo 10 days of LEA (25 kcal · kg fat‐free mass (FFM)−1 · day−1) or optimal energy availability (OEA, 50 kcal · kg FFM−1 · day−1). Before the intervention, both groups underwent a 5‐day ‘run‐in’ period with OEA. All foods were provided throughout the experimental period with a protein content of 2.2 g kg lean mass−1 · day−1. A standardized, supervised combined resistance and cardiovascular exercise training programme was performed over the experimental period. Daily integrated muscle protein synthesis was measured by deuterium oxide (D2O) consumption along with changes in body composition, resting metabolic rate, blood biomarkers and 24 h nitrogen balance. We found that LEA reduced daily integrated myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis compared with OEA. Concomitant reductions were observed in lean mass, urinary nitrogen balance, free androgen index, thyroid hormone concentrations and resting metabolic rate following LEA. These results highlight that LEA may negatively affect skeletal muscle adaptations in females performing exercise training.
imageKey points
Low energy availability (LEA) with potential health and performance impairments is widespread among female athletes.
We investigated the impact of 10 days of LEA on daily integrated myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in young, trained females.
We show that LEA impairs myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle protein synthesis in trained females performing exercise training.
These findings suggest that LEA may have negative consequences for skeletal muscle adaptations and highlight the importance of ensuring adequate energy availability in female athletes.
Effect of Microchannel on the Composite Cooling Performance of a Simulated Turbine Blade Leading Edge
Authors: Chen Xinnan , Li Zhigang , Li Jun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
As the turbine blade leading edge becomes one of the hottest regions in the engine, a microchannel structure was applied to further improve the cooling performance. Adiabatic and conjugate heat transfer analyses were conducted to compare the heat transfer and cooling performance of the leading edge with or without microchannels, while the influence of mass flowrate of coolant was also included. Based on the investigations on the effect of geometrical designs, the flow and composite cooling performance of the microchannels were further optimized. The results indicate that the internal heat transfer intensity was greatly enhanced with the arrangement of microchannels, while the adiabatic film coolant coverage was slightly deteriorated. On this basis, the composite cooling performance of the leading edge was effectively improved by at least 7.54%. However, the flow resistance of film cooling holes was obviously increased due to the obstruction of microchannels, and a larger thickness of microchannels would alleviate this feature. In addition, the composite cooling performance of the leading edge was further optimized by increasing the radius of microchannels, and the same effect was achieved by reducing the spanwise distance between the film cooling holes and the microjet holes. Compared with the leading edge model without microchannels, the former design increased the area-averaged overall cooling effectiveness of the leading edge by at least 11.17% under all the mass flow rates of coolant studied in this paper, while the latter design improved the composite cooling performance by at least 12.76%.
Heat Transfer and Entropy Generation in a Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Against Battery Spacing and Discharge Rate
Authors: Acharya Swastik , Khan Rustam , Agarwal Praveen Kumar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Three-dimensional continuity, momentum, and energy equations have been solved in a battery pack of a unit module with 3 × 3 × 3 and 4 × 4 × 4 Li-ion cells to obtain the flow field and temperature distribution around the batteries. The battery spacing to hydraulic diameter ratio in x, y, and z directions have been varied in a wide range from 0.04458 to 0.08172, 0.00833 to 0.07133, and 0.007496 to 0.08052 for 4 × 4 × 4 cells, and 0.06 to 0.11, 0.0111 to 0.09649, 0.01 to 0.11 for 3 × 3 × 3 to obtain the optimum configuration for maximum heat transfer and minimum entropy generation. Air is pumped through the battery pack as a transport medium for heat transfer with Reynolds number (Re) varying in the laminar range from 400 to 2000. The results are plotted in terms of the average surface Nu over the battery surface and average volumetric temperature of the battery and air. It is found that the temperature of the battery pack remains almost constant against Sx. However, a significant rise in battery temperature is observed when we increase Sy. The scenario becomes different when spacing is varied in the z-direction. An optimum spacing for the minimum temperature of the battery pack is obtained at Sz/Dh = 0.03. The temperature variation trend is almost identical in 3 × 3 × 3 and 4 × 4 × 4 cells; however, the absolute temperature inside the pack is lower in 3 × 3 × 3 cells. In each case, the maximum temperature is seen on the batteries located at the top and bottom corners of the outlet. Among all the cases, the maximum temperature of 355 K has been found in 4 × 4 × 4 cells with a 3.6C discharge rate at Sy/Dh of 0.07133. Different discharging rates (1C, 2C, 3.6C, and 4C) have been considered to generate different amounts of heat inside the battery. However, it is numerically and theoretically proved that Nu and the nondimensional volumetric average temperature inside the pack are independent of the heat generation rate inside the battery pack.
Steady State Heat Conduction in Exchanger Tubes by Using the Meshfree Boundary Integral Equation Method: Conduction Shape Factor and Degenerate Scale
Authors: Lee Jia-Wei , Yang Hung-Wen , Chen Jeng-Tzong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRegarding the steady-state heat conduction problem in exchanger tubes, the meshfree boundary integral equation method is employed to determine the conduction shape factor in this paper. Different from the conventional boundary element method, the present method is free of mesh generation. After using the parametric function to represent the boundary contour and adopting the Gaussian quadrature, only collocating points on the boundary is required to obtain the linear algebraic equations. By introducing the local exact solution, the singular integral in the sense of the Cauchy principal value can be novelly determined. In addition, the boundary layer effect due to the nearly singular integral in the boundary integral equation can be dealt with. Two cases of different boundary conditions are considered. One is the isothermal condition on both the inner and outer surfaces. The other is the isothermal condition on the inner surface and the convection condition on the outer surface. Besides, numerical instability is found and the nonuniqueness solution due to the degenerate scale is examined by calculating the conduction shape factor and the temperature on the outer surface.
Transverse momentum broadening of medium-induced cascades in expanding media
Authors: Adhya Souvik Priyam , Kutak Krzysztof , Płaczek Wiesław , Rohrmoser Martin , Tywoniuk Konrad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, we explore the features of gluonic cascades in static and Bjorken expanding media by numerically solving the full BDIM evolution equations in longitudinal momentum fraction x and transverse momentum $${{\varvec{k}}}$$

k

using the Monte Carlo event generator . Confirming the scaling of the energy spectra at low-x, discovered in earlier works, we use this insight to compare the amount of broadening in static and expanding media. We compare angular distributions for the in-cone radiation for different medium profiles with the effective scaling laws and conclude that the out-of-cone energy loss proceeds via the radiative break-up of hard fragments, followed by an angular broadening of soft fragments. While the dilution of the medium due to expansion significantly affects the broadening of the leading fragments, we provide evidence that in the low-x regime, which is responsible for most of the gluon multiplicity in the cascade, the angular distributions are very similar when comparing different medium profiles at an equivalent, effective in-medium path length. This is mainly due to the fact that in this regime, the broadening is dominated by multiple splittings. Finally, we discuss the impact of our results on the phenomenological description of the out-of-cone radiation and jet quenching.
Fuzzy Influenced Process to Generate Comparable to Parallel Corpora
Authors: Banik Debajyoty , Ekbal Asif , Satapathy Suresh Chandra 
Published: June 2023

Data-driven supervised approaches rely on the parallel corpus. Due to lack of data and resources availability, it has become more difficult to achieve accurate outputs. In addition, the efficiency of the machine translation system depends on the quality of the used corpora. Hindi still lacks good quality parallel corpora and needs more resources for accurate machine translation. Comparable corpora are easily available compared to parallel corpora, but they cannot be used directly in machine translation. In our present research, we propose an algorithm to mine these comparable corpora from the web, and generate the parallel corpora automatically. Machine translation systems, system combination approach, and IR-based technique join their hands together to choose the set of sentence pairs. Then the sentence pairs having the best score are chosen to prepare the final parallel corpora.
The primary modules of this architecture are fuzzy logic-based evaluation metric, information retrieval module, statistical machine translation system, Google neural machine translation system, Microsoft machine translation system, and system combination module for machine translation. For case study, we prepare the Hindi-English parallel corpora of (30825 + 51235) = 82060 sentence pairs. Evaluation results show that the F-Score measurement varies from 95.73 to 96.98 for various data sets. The source code and prepared dataset (comparable and parallel corpus) can be found at https://github.com/debajyoty/Comparable-partallel-Algo2.git.
Optimal placement of the phasor measurement units using differential evolution algorithm
Authors: Zadehbbagheri Mahmoud , Abbasi Alireza , Sutikno Tole 
Published: June 2023

The increasing consumption of the electric energy aimed at develop the transmission networks and the demand for higher reliability from the network; in this regard, wide-area measurement systems using phasor measurement units (PMUs) have revolved the trend of power network management. In this paper, the optimal allocation of PMUs in order to reach the perfect observability of the network; based on a differential evolution algorithm, is proposed and it is shown that, the deployment of constraints related to the zero-injection busses (ZIB) aimed to decrease the number of PMUs and their corresponding cost. By comparing the proposed method to the other methods, its simplicity and good performance are approved.
Paul’s Usage of the Anthropological Term νοῦς
Authors: Nägele Manuel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The lexeme νοῦς has received little attention in Pauline exegesis. The few relevant studies on Paul’s use of νοῦς rely solely on Josephus’ use of the term. In order to overcome this one-sidedness, this article understands νοῦς against both a Jewish-Hellenistic and a Graeco-Roman horizon by grasping the range of its meaning in terms of a semantic frame. From there it becomes clear that Paul uses the word in the sense of a psychic faculty and not in the sense of a single thought—a conclusion that is quite different from those of former approaches, which contend that he means both at the same time. These insights will be illustrated by Paul’s use of the lexeme in the opening chapters of 1 Corinthians.
Der „Reichtum“ der Korinther und die paulinische Kollekte
Authors: Wojtkowiak Heiko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In studies of the socio-economic composition of the church in Corinth, 2 Cor 8–9 are rarely considered. However, it is precisely these chapters that are instructive, since Paul addresses the entire community with a financial need, and, in order to succeed, the economic situation of the whole community must be taken into account. In these chapters, the apostle justifies and motivates his plea with reference to the material abundance of his audience and assumes that all church members are able to participate in giving. This supports the thesis, which is widespread in recent research, that the community is not primarily made up of the lowest, but rather the middle, and perhaps upper, social classes.
Strengthened by Grace and Not by Foods
Authors: Martin Michael Wade , Whitlark Jason A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study interprets the numerous veiled references of Hebrews 13:7–14 against the general problem addressed in the body of the speech, namely, the temptation to apostasy posed by the idolatrous, imperial culture. Specifically, the authors of this study argue that Heb 13:9 warns against idolatry and allegiance to pagan, imperial power broadly, and that the whole of 13:7–14 is a summons to embrace suffering by rejecting such identification in view of God’s promised future. Βρώματα, the authors argue, is shorthand for foods associated with pagan tables and imperial largesse. βεβαιοῦσθαι τὴν καρδίαν is an expression commonly used to depict literal nourishment, and in contexts where hunger was a real threat. Due to the perennial problems of food scarcity and chronic hunger, and to the critical role that foods derived from pagan and imperial sources played in alleviating these problems, the recipients of Hebrews likely were tempted to eat of these foods.