bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic carbon decay mediated by a mesopelagic microbial community: The relevance of carbon pools and broad biochemical composition
Authors: Craft Noah J. , Bochdansky Alexander B. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe mesopelagic zone is a site of strong microbially driven particle attenuation with depth and thus plays a crucial role in controlling the transfer efficiency of the ocean's biological pump. However, little quantitative information exists on the dependency of decay processes on the source material. Here we followed the decay of 14C‐labeled dead particulate organic carbon (POC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from three different phytoplankton species, and two incubations of live diatoms, in mesopelagic water over 3 months. Commonly used first‐order kinetics failed to adequately describe the decay of organic material as rate constants varied from day to day. Over extended periods, decay rates for organic material exhibited two distinct phases, with rates in the second phase being inversely related to rates in the first phase. Microbial biomass (measured via adenosine triphosphate and cell counts) increased substantially during phase 1 and ebbed during phase 2. Decay rates were significantly different among the three algal sources; however, differences were even more pronounced among carbon pools and followed a distinct pattern (combined average per‐day decay rates at 12°C): fresh DOC (0.6) > fresh POC (0.1) > live cells (0.06) > aged DOC/POC (0.01). Separation of POC into four broad biochemical fractions showed that components in the operationally defined lipid fraction contained the most degradable compounds for fresh material. Our research highlights the need to include the dynamics of the most easily digestible fractions of freshly released organic material, and live plankton resilient to digestion, in calculations of vertical carbon flux budgets.
High‐Speed and Broadband n‐Si/p‐Se0.3Te0.7/ITO Heterojunction Photodetector
Authors: Yang Xiutao , Gou Jun , Yu Hang , Liu Lixin , Li Chunyu , Wei Laijiang , Wei Yuchao , Wang ZeXu , He Meiyu , Zhang Xin , Zeng Guanggen , Han Jiayue , Yu He , Wu Zhiming , Jiang Yadong , Wang Jun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe prevailing short‐wavelength infrared (SWIR) photodetectors (PDs) based on III‐V materials face challenges in heteroepitaxial material growth and device fabrication which adds cost and complexity. SeTe alloy is a potential candidate for SWIR PDs due to its low‐cost growth and adjustable bandgap. However, the performance of SeTe‐based PDs is currently hindered by the narrow depletion region and high dark current. Herein, large‐scale, high‐quality Se0.3Te0.7 thin film is fabricated through a CMOS‐compatible magnetron sputtering method followed by a low‐temperature annealing process. A Si/Se0.3Te0.7/ITO vertical heterostructure is constructed with enhanced performances induced by an internal photoemission effect of top Schottky diode, which significantly increases carriers injected into Se0.3Te0.7 and transported by Si/Se0.3Te0.7 heterojunction. The PD shows superior broadband photoelectric properties with a 10000% improved responsivity at 1310 and 1550 nm, and a response time of ≈20 µs over a wide spectral range which represents a 100‐fold reduction compared to traditional devices in the absence of hot holes trapping mechanism. This pioneering research provides fresh avenues for significantly improving the optoelectronic performance of analogous devices with narrow depletion regions in photosensitive materials and showcases potential applications in Si‐based broadband detection and imaging systems with high sensitivity and high speed at room temperature.
Temperature‐Controlled Radiofrequency Treatment of the Nasal Valve in Patients With Nasal Obstruction: Long‐Term Outcomes
Authors: Han Joseph K. , Rosenthal Jon N. , McDuffie Chad M. , Yen David M. , Bikhazi Nadim B. , Kakarlapudi Venkata Vasu , Silvers Stacey L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy, safety, and durability of temperature‐controlled radiofrequency (TCRF) treatment of the nasal valve in patients with severe or extreme nasal airway obstruction (NAO).Study DesignA long‐term, prospective, multicenter, single‐blind, randomized controlled trial.SettingSixteen otolaryngologic clinics and academic centers.MethodsPatients received TCRF treatment on the lateral nasal valve. All patients were followed through 3 years. Outcome measures included the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and adverse events (AEs). Treatment responders were defined as a ≥1 reduction in severity class or ≥20% reduction in NOSE score.ResultsOut of 108 patients who received TCRF treatment, 54 reached the 3‐year follow‐up timepoint. The baseline mean NOSE score was 76.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 73.6 to 79.1). The 3‐year NOSE score treatment effect was −49.4 ([95% CI, −56.5 to −42.4]; P < .001) a 64.7% improvement from baseline; 88.7% of patients were responders. Most patients reported significant improvements in sleep post‐treatment with a mean ESS score of 4.5 (95% CI, 3.4 to 5.7) at 3 years compared to 10.3 (95% CI, 9.2 to 11.4) at baseline.ConclusionTreatment with the TCRF device for nasal valve obstruction resulted in sustained improvements in nasal obstruction symptoms and sleep quality over a 3‐year period without any serious AEs. These findings support the long‐term benefits and sustained improvements in symptoms in patients with NAO.
Parathyroid Hormone Fluctuations During Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
Authors: Sagalow Emily S. , Kim Yuna , Wong Shirley , Wang Robert C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveStress hormone levels such as cortisol and epinephrine increase with general anesthesia (GA) and surgery. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been shown to increase with GA in those undergoing parathyroidectomy (PT) with abnormal parathyroid function, but there are conflicting reports of it in those with normal parathyroid function. In this study, we aim to determine the effects of anesthetic and surgical stress on those with abnormal parathyroid function undergoing PTs as well as those with normal parathyroid function undergoing unilateral/total thyroidectomies (UTs/TTs).Study DesignProspective study.SettingSingle tertiary academic center.MethodsPatients undergoing TT, UT, and PT were studied. PTH was measured consecutively during the preoperative, postanesthetic induction before incision, intraoperative, and postoperative periods.ResultsOne hundred sixty patients were included, with 77 and 31 undergoing TT and UT, respectively, and 52 undergoing PT. Mean PTH levels were significantly higher following induction and intubation across all groups (TT: 139.2 vs 65.1 pg/mL, 113.8% increase; UT: 130.4 vs 57.1 pg/mL, 128.4% increase; PT: 219.6 vs 163.7 pg/mL, 34.1% increase) and remained elevated until excision (TT: 131.8 pg/mL; UT: 124.9 pg/mL; PT: 228.7 pg/mL). Following UT, mean PTH declined to preoperative levels by 1 hour postexcision. Compared to thyroidectomy groups, PTH in the PT group showed more variable responses to anesthesia induction.ConclusionPTH consistently increases in response to anesthetic and surgical stress in adults undergoing UT and TT with normal preoperative parathyroid function. In contrast, those with hyperparathyroidism demonstrated variable changes.
A comprehensive review of the genetic control of cooking time in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Jeffery Hannah R. , Murillo‐Quesada Marcelo Efrén , Barboza‐Barquero Luis , Cichy Karen 
Published: January 2025

Societal Impact StatementReducing cooking time could increase dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) consumption. Cooking is an essential processing step needed to unlock the nutrients in dry beans and to make them palatable and safe for consumption. Long cooking times have consequences for dry bean use, especially where cooking fuel cost is high and when people prefer foods that are more convenient to prepare. Understanding the genetic control and genetic diversity for cooking time along with the nutritional tradeoffs will help to breed nutritious bean varieties with shorter cooking times, thereby making dry beans more accessible to consumers around the world.SummaryDry beans generally require long cooking times, and this influences their utilization and acceptability as a food source. Fuel usage, water usage, and convenience are three constraints associated with cooking beans. The cooking times of dry beans are dependent on many factors including growing conditions, post‐harvest handling and storage, cooking methods, and genotype. While there have been significant research endeavors to elucidate how post‐harvest storage and handling influence cooking time, there has been comparatively less research on the genetic regulation of cooking time. This review provides an in‐depth examination of the genetic control of cooking time in dry beans, including genetic mapping studies and its implications for breeding purposes. Further, the available physiological and post‐harvest research is summarized and evaluated in the context of understanding genetic and environmental factors that affect the cooking times of dry beans. The current evidence suggests that cooking time is increased by genetic factors that decrease the amount of soluble compounds in the cotyledons, including but not limited to 1) genes that increase the abundance of calcium‐binding storage proteins and/or de‐methylesterfied pectins paired with high inter‐ or intra‐cellular calcium levels (higher calcium levels can be caused by reduced levels of phytate) and 2) genes that increase insoluble condensed tannin/lignin content in the cotyledon cell walls. Identifying genetic factors that contribute to cooking times across a range of environments could aid breeding efforts to develop reliably fast‐cooking varieties in different dry bean market classes, thereby making dry beans more accessible to consumers around the world.
Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme 2 (G8790A) Gene Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for COVID‐19 in Egyptian Children and Adolescents
Authors: Ibraheem Ahmed A. A. , Saleh Sarah A. , Emam Ahmed A. , Yousef Aly A. , Abdulhay Mohamed , Haridi Mohammed K. , Wahba Ali A. , Al‐Fahham Marwa M. , Selim Dalia M. , Razek Suzan A. , Sorour Ehab I. , Abouzied El Sayed H. F. , Ismail Ahmed H. , Mohamed Soma A. , Soliman Attia A. , Shehata Hassan , Arab Faika , Rashad Marwa L. M. , Hafez Sahbaa F. M. , Abdelkhalek Khalil , Ibrahim Dina M. , Ashraf Bassem , Saleh Ahmed S. E. , Fouad Rania A. , Omar Walaa E. , Nabil Rehab M. , Ramadan Raghdaa A. , El‐Sehsah Eman M. , Afify Mona R. , Bawazir Yasser , Mustafa Mohammad , Daghistani Yassir , Thabit Rawan A. , Salah Wed , Almoraie Laila M. , Aljamei Hanan Maas , Hummdi Laila Ahmed , Arishi Emtenan Ali , Salem Hanan F. , Massoud Yasmine M. , Khalil Dalia M. , Raouf Batoul M. Abdel , Elmikaty Hani A. , El‐Gaaly Sonya A. A. , Fakhreldin Ahmed R. , Hashem Mustafa I. A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveRecently, angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) gene has emerged as a potential candidate gene for susceptibility to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. We investigated whether ACE2 G8790A (rs2285666) polymorphism could be a genetic marker for susceptibility to COVID‐19 and disease severity in Egyptian children and adolescents.MethodsThis was a prospective case‐control study included 580 cases diagnosed with COVID‐19, and 580 matched control children and adolescents. The ACE2 G8790A (rs2285666) polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ACE2 serum level was measured by ELISA.ResultsThe ACE2 A/A genotype and A‐allele were significantly more represented in cases with COVID‐19 as compared to control group (44% vs. 30%; OR = 2.83; [95% CI: 1.27–2.63]; p = 0.006; for the A/A genotype) and (65% vs. 51%; OR = 1.9; [95% CI: 1.06–1.72]; p = 0.01; for the A‐allele). The presence of ACE2 G/G genotype was an independent risk factor for severe disease (adjusted OR: 2.08; [95% CI: 1.57–6.78]; p = 0.003).ConclusionThe ACE2 G8790A (rs2285666) polymorphism may confer susceptibility to COVID‐19 in Egyptian children and adolescents. The ACE2 G/G genotype and G‐allele was associated with lower ACE2 serum levels and may constitute independent risk factors for disease severity.
Dead‐Zone‐Free NMOR Atomic Magnetometer Based on Excitation of Dual‐Axis Magnetic Pulse
Authors: Jiang Liwei , Zhang Changhao , Zhao Xin , Liu Jiali , Lu Zhenglong , Li Jianli 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNonlinear magneto‐optical rotation (NMOR) atomic magnetometer has extreme precision and sensitivity. However, atomic magnetometer suffers from the problem of dead zone that the sensitive signal decays to zero if the magnetic field is along some specific directions relative to the sensor. In this paper, a new scheme based on excitation of dual‐axis magnetic pulse is presented to eliminate the dead zone of NMOR atomic magnetometer. The magnetic field measurement is based on the mode of free induction decay (FID), which allows pumping and detecting stages to be separated without interference from magnetic pulse. The dead zone model is developed for NMOR atomic magnetometer from the mechanism of interaction between optical field and polarized atoms. To eliminate the dead zone of NMOR atomic magnetometer, the response model with dual‐axis magnetic pulse excitation is established by using the density matrix theory for bias magnetic field in arbitrary direction. Then the proposed method of suppressing the dead zone is examined in the experiment, which is in agreement with the developed model. The results show that the method can effectively eliminate the dead zone of NMOR atomic magnetometer, which is of great significance to measurement of magnetic field in complex magnetic environment with variable direction.
Effect of HA and CO2 Gas on the Microstructure and Corrosion of Coatings Prepared by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Mg‐Nd‐Zn‐Ca Alloy
Authors: Wang Yingjie , Yu Lang , Li Zhe , Zhao Bocheng , Cui Hongwei , Feng Rui , Cui Xiaoli , Gao Zengli , Pan Yaokun , Peng Hui 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPlasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is receiving more and more attention as a technique to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys. In this paper, we investigated the preparation of surface coatings on magnesium alloys by simultaneously introducing carbon dioxide gas and hydroxyapatite (HA) into the electrolyte. The coatings were characterized using SEM, XRD, FT‐IR, and XPS. The results show that carbon dioxide and hydroxyapatite contribute to the growth of the film coatings. The kinetic potential polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy surfaces indicated better corrosion resistance in SBF solution. This method helps to generate smooth and compact coatings on the surface of magnesium alloys, which will provide broader prospects for magnesium alloys in future applications.
Cloud and Edge Computing as Effective Trends in Business Model Innovation: A Bibliometric Review
Authors: Sun Y. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDeveloping an information technology (IT) infrastructure for business and organizational operations has gained importance concurrently with the emergence of edge and cloud computing technologies. On the other hand, innovation is crucial for businesses because consumers demand better service and lower ownership costs. Several firms use the cloud as their innovation platform to expand and stay competitive. In the commercial world, cloud computing is swiftly embraced by small, medium, and big businesses in sectors including aerospace, automotive, logistics, financial services, textiles, and health. With all the benefits cloud computing has for business improvement, some issues and problems prevent organizations and companies from migrating to the cloud. Due to these evidentiary gaps, I combined quantitative and qualitative analytical techniques to synthesize the existing literature and identify possible directions for future studies that may have an impact. The primary aim of this research is to provide a bibliometric procedure to review the state of the art on this scope and provide a roadmap for future studies; then, it provides insight into how the adoption and sustained usage of cloud sourcing could and edge encourage the creation of novel business models and impact a company's competitive advantage. The publications were reviewed using a bibliometric approach that divided the papers into four categories: cloud computing data security, business risk management techniques, resource allocation, and business performance. According to the results, adopting cloud and edge computing service delivery models is connected with increased revenue and less capital investment in IT assets for the company. Also, the results showed that one of the main obstacles to implementing cloud and edge computing technology in organizations is low security and lack of sufficient internal resources.
A Fuzzy‐AHP Decision‐Making Framework for Optimizing Software Maintenance and Deployment in Information Security Systems
Authors: Khan Rafiq Ahmad , Keshta Ismail , Al Hashimi Hussein A. , Almagrabi Alaa Omran , Alwageed Hathal S. , Alzahrani Musaad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTInformation System Security (ISS) is the primary economic lever for the global economy. It is the cornerstone for value generation, and its absence undeniably affects technology, people, and finances. The emergence of the worldwide information society has introduced fresh economic and legal challenges attributed to the surge in Internet utilization and advancements in the digital economy. Ensuring the security of advancements within information systems has emerged as a primary concern in propelling the evolution of information processes within the software development industry. This study aims to develop and propose a Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy‐AHP) framework to enhance decision‐making for software maintenance and deployment in ISS. This framework aims to provide a systematic, flexible method for evaluating and prioritizing multiple conflicting criteria under conditions of uncertainty. The study initially adopts an empirical survey to identify software security maintenance and deployment risks and their practices for ISS organizations. Then adopts the Fuzzy‐AHP method to handle the imprecision of expert judgments and organizes decision‐making into a hierarchical structure. The framework is applied to evaluate key criteria related to software maintenance and deployment, including security risks, system performance, operational costs, and compliance requirements. Data from 50 ISS experts were collected and used to validate the framework. The paper identifies 52 security risks in maintenance and deployment (SRMD) processes in ISS and also identified 139 best practices for ensuring security, including regular updates, patch management, and adherence to industry‐standard security protocols. The Fuzzy‐AHP framework effectively structured the decision‐making process by prioritizing criteria and sub‐criteria. The results demonstrated that the framework helps mitigate the subjective biases in expert judgment and provides a more balanced assessment of maintenance and deployment strategies. Prioritizing security risks and compliance emerged as key factors in the decision‐making process. The proposed Fuzzy‐AHP framework provides an innovative and adaptable solution for optimizing ISS organizations' software maintenance and deployment decisions. It addresses the complexity and uncertainty involved in such decisions, offering a transparent and structured approach that improves the accuracy and reliability of outcomes. Future research should focus on empirical validation of the framework in real‐world case studies and expand its application to other industries with similar decision‐making needs.
Strengthening Large‐Scale Agile Teams: The Interplay of High‐Quality Relationships, Psychological Safety, and Learning From Failures
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Ovais 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAgile methods have become a standard practice within software industry, with organizations increasingly adopting large‐scale agile (LSA) frameworks. However, as these frameworks are implemented across multiple teams and organizational functions, new challenges emerge, particularly in maintaining alignment, coherence, and collaboration across teams. One crucial element in addressing these challenges is fostering of a culture of continuous learning and psychological safety, with the objective of optimizing team performance and ensuring project success. Despite the importance of this topic, there is a significant gap in existing literature regarding antecedents of psychological safety and its impact on team learning and performance in LSA environments. This study aims to investigate impact of high‐quality relationships and psychological safety on learning from failures and, consequently, on team performance in LSA context. An online survey of 167 software professionals in Sweden was conducted to test a conceptual model that is developed based on existing literature. The hypotheses were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results demonstrate strong positive correlation between the presence of high‐quality relationships, psychological safety, and capacity to learn from failures and team performance. Specifically, the formation of high‐quality relationships has been demonstrated to significantly enhance psychological safety, which in turn facilitates learning from failures and leads to improved team performance. These findings offer valuable insights for both practitioners and researchers, highlighting the importance of cultivating relational dynamics and a psychologically safe environment in LSA projects. Furthermore, the study offers guidance for future research, regarding the scalability and generalizability of these findings.
A Systematic Mapping Study of the Metrics, Uses and Subjects of Diversity‐Based Testing Techniques
Authors: Elgendy Islam T. , Hierons Robert M. , McMinn Phil 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThere has been a significant amount of interest regarding the use of DBTtsfull in software testing over the past two decades. Diversity‐based testing (DBT) technique uses similarity metrics to leverage the dissimilarity between software artefacts—such as requirements, abstract models, programme structures or inputs—in order to address a software testing problem. DBT techniques have been used to assist in finding solutions to several different types of problems including generating test cases, prioritizing them and reducing very large test suites. This paper is a systematic mapping study of DBT techniques that summarizes the key aspects and trends of 167 papers that report the use of 79 different similarity metrics with 22 different types of software artefacts, which have been used by researchers to tackle 11 different types of software testing problems. We further present an analysis of the recent trends in DBT techniques and review the different application domains to which the techniques have been applied, giving an overview of the tools developed by researchers in order to do so. Finally, the paper identifies some DBT challenges that are potential topics for future work, such as exploring other diversity artefacts and measuring diversity for complex data input.