bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning‐based identification of sinoatrial node‐like pacemaker cells from SHOX2/HCN4 double‐positive cells differentiated from human iPS cells
Authors: Wakimizu Takayuki , Naito Junpei , Ishida Manabu , Kurata Yasutaka , Tsuneto Motokazu , Shirayoshi Yasuaki , Hisatome Ichiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardiomyocytes derived from human iPS cells (hiPSCs) include cells showing SAN‐ and non‐SAN‐type spontaneous APs.ObjectivesTo examine whether the deep learning technology could identify hiPSC‐derived SAN‐like cells showing SAN‐type‐APs by their shape.MethodsWe acquired phase‐contrast images for hiPSC‐derived SHOX2/HCN4 double‐positive SAN‐like and non‐SAN‐like cells and made a VGG16‐based CNN model to classify an input image as SAN‐like or non‐SAN‐like cell, compared to human discriminability.ResultsAll parameter values such as accuracy, recall, specificity, and precision obtained from the trained CNN model were higher than those of human classification.ConclusionsDeep learning technology could identify hiPSC‐derived SAN‐like cells with considerable accuracy.
Genetic variation influences the skeletal response to hindlimb unloading in the eight founder strains of the diversity outbred mouse population
Authors: Friedman Michael A. , Buettmann Evan G. , Zeineddine Yasmina , Abraham Lovell B. , Hoppock Gabriel A. , Meas Steven J. , Zhang Yue , Farber Charles R. , Donahue Henry J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuring disuse, mechanical unloading causes extensive bone loss, decreasing bone volume and strength. Variations in bone mass and risk of osteoporosis are influenced by genetics; however, it remains unclear how genetic variation affects the skeletal response to unloading. We previously found that genetic variation affects the musculoskeletal response to 3 weeks of immobilization in the 8 Jackson Laboratory J:DO founder strains: C57Bl/6J, A/J, 129S1/SvImJ, NOD/ShiLtJ, NZO/HlLtJ, CAST/EiJ, PWK/PhJ, and WSB/EiJ. Hindlimb unloading (HLU) is the best model for simulating local and systemic contributors of disuse and therefore may have a greater impact on bones than immobilization. We hypothesized that genetic variation would affect the response to HLU across the eight founder strains. Mice of each founder strain were placed in HLU for 3 weeks, and the femurs and tibias were analyzed. There were significant HLU and mouse strain interactions on body weight, femur trabecular BV/TV, and femur ultimate force. This indicates that unloading only caused significant catabolic effects in some mouse strains. C57BL/6 J mice were most affected by unloading while other strains were more protected. There were significant HLU and mouse strain interactions on gene expression of genes encoding bone metabolism genes in the tibia. This indicates that unloading only caused significant effects on bone metabolism genes in some mouse strains. Different mouse strains respond to HLU differently, and this can be explained by genetic differences. These results suggest the outbred J:DO mice will be a powerful model for examining the effects of genetics on the skeletal response to HLU.
Quantifying pelagic primary production and respiration via an automated in situ incubation system
Authors: Chen Solomon T. , Ward Collin P. , Long Matthew H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPelagic photosynthesis and respiration serve critical roles in controlling the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in seawater. The consumption and production via pelagic primary production are of particular importance in the surface ocean and in freshwater ecosystems where photosynthetically active radiation is abundant. However, the dynamic nature and large degree of heterogeneity in these ecosystems pose substantial challenges for providing accurate estimates of marine primary production and metabolic state. The resulting lack of higher‐resolution data in these systems hinders efforts in scaling and including primary production in predictive models. To bridge the gap, we developed and validated a novel automated water incubator that measures in situ rates of photosynthesis and respiration. The automated water incubation system uses commercially available optodes and microcontrollers to record continuous measurements of DO within a closed chamber at desired intervals. With fast response optodes, the incubation system produced measurements of photosynthesis and respiration with an hourly resolution, resolving diel signals in the water column. The high temporal resolution of the time series also enabled the development of Monte Carlo simulation as a new data analysis technique to calculate DO fluxes, with improved performance in noisy time series. Deployment of the incubator was conducted near Ucantena Island, Massachusetts, U.S.A. The data captured diel fluctuations in metabolic fluxes with an hourly resolution, allowed for a more accurate correlation between oxygen cycling and environmental conditions, and provided improved characterization of the pelagic metabolic state.
Preclinical characterization of WB737, a potent and selective STAT3 inhibitor, in natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Wang Yali , Zhou Wenbo , Chen Jianfeng , Chen Jinghong , Deng Peng , Chen Huang , Sun Yichen , Yu Zhaoliang , Pang Diwen , Liu Lizhen , Wang Peili , Hong Jing Han , Teh Bin Tean , Huang Huiqiang , Li Wenyu , Yi Zhengfang , Lim Soon Thye , Chen Yihua , Ong Choon Kiat , Liu Mingyao , Tan Jing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNatural killer/T‐cell lymphoma (NKTL) is an uncommon malignancy with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Activating mutations of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) are frequently found in patients with NKTL, suggesting that targeted inhibition of STAT3 is a potential therapeutic option for this disease. Here, we have developed a small molecule drug WB737 as a novel and potent STAT3 inhibitor that directly binds to the STAT3‐Src homology 2 domain with high affinity. In addition, the binding affinity of WB737 to STAT3 is 250‐fold higher than STAT1 and STAT2. Interestingly, WB737 is more selective for NKTL with STAT3‐activating mutations in terms of growth inhibition and apoptotic induction when compared with Stattic. Mechanistically, WB737 inhibits both canonical and noncanonical STAT3 signaling via suppression of STAT3 phosphorylation at Tyr705 and Ser727, respectively, thereby inhibiting the expression of c‐Myc and mitochondria‐related genes. Moreover, WB737 inhibited STAT3 more potently than Stattic, resulting in a significant antitumor effect with undetectable toxicity, followed by almost complete tumor regression in an NKTL xenograft model harboring a STAT3‐activating mutation. Taken together, these findings provide preclinical proof‐of‐concept for WB737 as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NKTL patients with STAT3‐activating mutations.
Genome‐wide meta‐analyses identify five new risk loci for nonsyndromic orofacial clefts in the Chinese Han population
Authors: Yu Yafen , Zhen Qi , Chen Weiwei , Yu Yanqin , Li Zhuo , Wang Yirui , Fan Wencheng , Luo Sihan , Wang Daiyue , Bai Yuanming , Bian Zhuan , He Miao , Sun Liangdan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNonsyndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFCs) are the most common craniofacial birth malformations in humans and are generally classified as nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) and nonsyndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO). Genome‐wide association studies (GWASs) of NSOFCs have demonstrated multiple risk loci and candidate genes; however, published risk factors are able to explain only a small fraction of the observed NSOFCs heritability.MethodsHere, we performed GWASs of 1615 NSCPO cases and 2340 controls, and then conducted genome‐wide meta‐analyses of NSOFCs, totaling 6812 NSCL/P cases, 2614 NSCPO cases, and 19,165 controls from the Chinese Han population.ResultsWe identify 47 risk loci with genome‐wide pmeta‐value <5.0 × 10−8, 5 risk loci (1p32.1, 3p14.1, 3p14.3, 3p21.31, and 13q22.1) of which are new. All of the 47 susceptibility loci conjointly account for 44.12% of the NSOFCs’ heritability in the Chinese Han population.ConclusionOur results improve the comprehending of genetic susceptibility to NSOFCs and provide new views into the genetic etiology of craniofacial anomalies.
3D printed PCL/nHAp scaffolds: Influence of scaffold structural parameters on osteoblast performance in vitro
Authors: Yazdanpanah Zahra , Ketabat Farinaz , Gomez‐Picos Patsy , Raquin Alice , Fazel Anvari‐Yazdi Abbas , Eames B. Frank , Johnston James D. , Cooper David M. L. , Chen Xiongbiao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractScaffolds play a key role in bone tissue engineering (BTE) as they provide a mechanically and biologically supportive template to treat bone defects. Yet, the ideal scaffold structures are far from certain, leaving a lot to be discovered in terms of the scaffold structure–performance relationships. In this study, we investigated the influence of pore size and internal structure on osteoblast performance in vitro. Three‐dimensional (3D) scaffolds were printed from polycaprolactone (PCL) reinforced with 30% (wt.) nano‐hydroxyapatite (nHAp), with two different internal structures (lattice and staggered) and four pore sizes (0.280, 0.380, 0.420, and 0.550 mm). Scaffolds were seeded with pre‐osteoblast cells (MC3T3‐E1). Metabolic activity of cells, osteoblast differentiation, and capability of osteoblasts to deposit mineralized matrix were examined in vitro. Staggered scaffolds better supported cellular performance. The pore size of 0.280 mm was more favorable to support cell proliferation while the pore size ≥0.420 mm was more effective to promote osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. Findings revealed that osteoblast activities were affected differently by the pore size. Our study further suggests that the structure with a gradient pore size would be better than a single size in terms of supporting cell proliferation, differentiation, and secretion of a mineralized matrix.
Feasibility of a prospective physiotherapy model of care during the intense treatment phase of childhood cancer (FITChild): A mixed methods design
Authors: Dalla Santa Elizabeth , Barton Fiona , Downie Peter , De Graves Sharon , Nicklen Peter , Farlie Melanie K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildren diagnosed with cancer often develop significant physical treatment‐related side effects. This study evaluated the feasibility of a targeted, proactive, individualised physiotherapy intervention programme for children with a recent cancer diagnosis.ProcedureThis feasibility study was a single‐group mixed methods study, consisting of pre‐ and post‐intervention assessment, followed by a survey and interviews of parents. Participants were children and adolescents with a new cancer diagnosis. The physiotherapy model of care consisted of education, surveillance, standardised assessment, individually tailored exercise and a fitness tracker.ResultsAll participants (n = 14) completed over 75% of the supervised exercise sessions. No safety or adverse events occurred. Over the 8‐week intervention period, an average of 7.5 supervised sessions were completed per participant. The overall experience provided by the physiotherapist service was rated as excellent by 86% (n = 12) and very good by 14% (n = 2) of parents. All parents surveyed (n = 14) rated the level of support provided by the physiotherapy service as excellent, and all participants completed the standardised assessments pre‐ and post‐exercise intervention. There was a significant improvement in 6MWD from 240 m (SD 193 m) compared to 355 m (SD 115 m) (p = .015), as well as improvements in the Physical Function domain (p = .013) and combined Psychosocial and Physical Function domains (p = .030).ConclusionsA prospective structured and targeted physiotherapy model of care appears feasible for use with children and families in the acute phase of cancer treatment. The regular screening was acceptable and may have helped build a strong rapport between the physiotherapist and the families.
Pharmacokinetic assessment and phytochemical triterpene control from Cecropia angustifolia using plant biotechnology
Authors: Vasquez‐Delgado Juan S. , Vivas‐Moncayo Juan E. , Lopez‐Cortes Johanna V. , Combariza Marianny Y. , Montoya Guillermo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionCecropia angustifolia Trécul. is a native Andean plant containing high levels of pentacyclic triterpenes (PTs), including several isobaric molecules that serve as chemical markers. Preclinical studies suggest that PTs positively modulate metabolic and vascular diseases. However, their low oral absorption reduces their bioactive effects.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was (1) to improve the absorption of PTs from C. angustifolia and (2) to establish a platform to produce biomass or botanical reference material using a strategy for their accumulation.MethodsMALDI‐TOF and UPLC‐MS were used to characterize and quantify PTs in different matrices. An in vitro platform for PT production was established. Chemical profiles of triterpenes were also evaluated from wild and in vitro herbal material using TLC coupled with mass spectrometry.ResultsTo overcome the low absorption of PTs, a premier raw material was used, which increased their bioavailability to 9.2%. Active ingredients in herbal material can vary, and there is an urgent need for standardized extracts using pharmacokinetics as an effective tool to reveal the dynamics of active ingredients in vivo. A temporary immersion system was produced as a promising platform with a total PT accumulation exceeding 50% of the content in the dry fraction, indicating it is a feasible mechanism to produce biomass or botanical reference material.ConclusionsPlant tissue culture is a promising eco‐friendly technology for phytochemical production and a modern strategy to protect biodiversity in natural assets. Alternative and modern, yet environmentally friendly production methods are needed to meet the large demand for herbal products.
Effect of process parameters on the mechanical properties of fiber‐reinforced thermoplastics fabricated by direct fiber feeding injection molding
Authors: Zhang Yajun , Wu Mingsheng , Zheng Shuokun , Xie Yumeng , Jin Zhiming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGlass fiber‐reinforced polypropylene composites (GF/PP) were fabricated in this study by direct fiber feeding injection molding technology (DFFIM) equipped with specially designed plasticizing units. By analyzing the fiber length distribution, scanning electron microscopy micrographs, and the mechanical properties of GF/PP composites, the effect of three process parameters, namely the number of fiber bundles, screw rotational speed, and injection pressure, on the properties of GF/PP composites fabricated by DFFIM were investigated. The results show that the mechanical properties of GF/PP composites gradually increase as the fiber content increases and the screw rotational speed decreases; however, when the fiber content exceeds a certain range, the enhancement effect of mechanical property is reduced due to the increase of fiber breakage and fiber aggregation. Appropriately increasing the injection pressure can increase the fiber length and make the fiber and PP more tightly bonded, and the mechanical properties of GF/PP composites gradually improve, but the fiber breakage phenomenon is more severe under excessive injection pressure, the mechanical property enhancement effect is reduced or even the mechanical property is decreased due to the decrease of the fiber length.
Characterization and charge transport properties of sodium ion conducting PEO:NaBr solid polymer electrolyte films
Authors: Hegde Shreedatta , Ravindrachary Vasachar , Sanjeev Ganesh , Ismayil  
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe study examines the effects of metal salt doping on polyethylene oxide (PEO) solid polymer electrolyte films. Sodium Bromide (NaBr) doped PEO films are prepared using a solution casting technique. The study finds that Na+ rom NaBr interacts with PEO's ether group (C–O–C) through complexation, as confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals that NaBr reduces PEO's degree of crystallinity. The addition of NaBr improves PEO's thermal stability, as shown by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show smooth surface morphology of the polymer electrolyte films. The study also finds that the polymer electrolytes are non‐Debye in nature, based on dielectric studies. The highest ionic conductivity of 1.01 × 10−5 S/cm is observed for the 12.5 wt% NaBr doped PEO, with a low activation energy of 0.246 eV. Wagner's polarization technique is used to determine the charge carrier transport numbers, and the transient ionic current technique confirmed the presence of a single ionic species in the polymer electrolyte. Overall, the study suggests that 12.5 wt% NaBr doped PEO films have appropriate electrical properties for developing charge storage devices.
Waste material fly ash as an alternative filler for elastomers
Authors: Yangthong Hassarutai , Buaksuntear Kwanchai , Suethao Supitta , Chworos Arkadiusz , Smitthipong Wirasak 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFly ash (FA), a by‐product of the power generation industry, can potentially be used as a filler in polymer products. Particularly, FA has been investigated as an alternative filler to partially or fully replace commercial fillers in polymer composites. This mini‐review discusses the fundamental properties of FA, environmental pollution from commercial fillers, and the performance of FA in polymers. The properties of FA‐loaded polymer composites are discussed, including the morphological, rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties. This review highlights the potential methods and challenges for substituting, or replacing, commercial fillers in various polymers such as natural rubber (NR), epoxidized NR, epoxy, styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR), NR/SBR blends, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyester.
Thermal properties of CL‐20/HMX‐Am‐GO composites
Authors: Guan Jian , Peng Huan , Song Yulan , Jin Bo , Peng Rufang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe thermal decomposition of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane CL‐20/HMX‐ammonium formate functionalized graphene oxide (Am‐GO) composites was studied using an isothermal decomposition dynamics research instrument to explore the effects of Am‐GO on the stability of CL‐20/HMX co‐crystal. The gas pressure‐time curve generated by thermal decomposition reaches the decomposition inflection point at a decomposition degree of 85 %. Compared with CL‐20/HMX co‐crystal, the decomposition extent corresponding to the inflection point of the thermal decomposition curve of the composites increases. The activation energies of the composites before and after the inflection point of the pressure‐time curve were 161.3 kJ/mol and 171.0 kJ/mol, respectively. The residual substances produced by the thermal decomposition of the composites were characterized by HPLC and FTIR. Results showed that CL‐20 and HMX were decomposed before the inflection point of the decomposition pressure‐time curve. However, the decomposition of CL‐20 was completed before the inflection point, whereas that of HMX ran through the thermal decomposition process. The calculation results of thermal decomposition kinetics show that the addition of coating material increases the activation energy of co‐crystal and stabilizes CL‐20/HMX co‐crystal.
Peptide‐Functionalized Prussian Blue Nanomaterial for Antioxidant Stress and NIR Photothermal Therapy against Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Song Xiaolei , Ding Qin , Wei Wei , Zhang Juan , Sun Rongli , Yin Lihong , Liu Songqin , Pu Yuepu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExcessive accumulations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and amyloid‐β (Aβ) protein are closely associated with the complex pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, approaches that synergistically exert elimination of ROS and dissociation of Aβ fibrils are effective therapeutic strategies for correcting the AD microenvironment. Herein, a novel near infrared (NIR) responsive Prussian blue‐based nanomaterial (PBK NPs) is established with excellent antioxidant activity and photothermal effect. PBK NPs possess similar activities to multiple antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, which can eliminate massive ROS and relieve oxidative stress. Under the NIR irradiation, PBK NPs can generate local heat to disaggregate Aβ fibrils efficiently. By modifying CKLVFFAED peptide, PBK NPs display obvious targeting ability for blood–brain barrier penetration and Aβ binding. Furthermore, in vivo studies demonstrate that PBK NPs have outstanding ability to decompose Aβ plaques and alleviate neuroinflammation in AD mouse model. Overall, PBK NPs provide evident neuroprotection by reducing ROS levels and regulating Aβ deposition, and may accelerate the development of multifunctional nanomaterials for delaying the progression of AD.
Electrochemical Aging Protocol Governed Capacity Losses and Structure Degradations in Layered LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Oxides
Authors: Huang Qingrong , Zhang Xiaodong , Lv Xiaowei , Wang Xiaoqi , Wen Wen , Wu Feng , Chen Renjie , Li Li 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe comparatively poor endurance of Ni‐rich cathode materials restricts their application in high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries. A thorough understanding of the degradation characteristics of such materials under complex electrochemical aging protocols is required to further improve their reliability. In this work, the irreversible capacity losses of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 under different electrochemical aging protocols are quantitatively evaluated via a well‐designed experiment. In addition, it is discovered that the origin of irreversible capacity losses is highly related to electrochemical cycling parameters and can be divided into two types. Type I is heterogeneous degradation caused by low C‐rate or high upper cut‐off voltage cycling and features abundant capacity loss during H2‐H3 phase transition. Such capacity loss is attributed to the irreversible surface phase transition that limits the accessible state of charge during the H2‐H3 phase transition stage via the pinning effect. Type II is fast charging/discharging induced homogeneous capacity loss that occurs consistently throughout the whole phase transition time. This degradation pathway shows a distinctive surface crystal structure, which is dominated by a bending layered structure rather than a typical rock‐salt phase structure. This work offers detailed insight into the failure mechanism of Ni‐rich cathodes and provides guidance on designing long‐cycle life, high‐reliability electrode materials.