bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scattering in black hole backgrounds and higher-spin amplitudes. Part I
Authors: Bautista Yilber Fabian , Guevara Alfredo , Kavanagh Chris , Vines Justin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The scattering of massless waves of helicity $$ \mid h\mid =0,\frac{1}{2},1 $$
∣
h
∣
=
0
,

1
2

,
1
in Schwarzschild and Kerr backgrounds is revisited in the long-wavelength regime. Using a novel description of such backgrounds in terms of gravitating massive particles, we compute classical wave scattering in terms of 2 → 2 QFT amplitudes in flat space, to all orders in spin. The results are Newman-Penrose amplitudes which are in direct correspondence with solutions of the Regge-Wheeler/Teukolsky equation. By introducing a precise prescription for the point-particle limit, in Part I of this work we show how both agree for h = 0 at finite values of the scattering angle and arbitrary spin orientation.Associated classical observables such as the scattering cross sections, wave polarizations and time delay are studied at all orders in spin. The effect of the spin of the black hole on the polarization and helicity of the waves is found in agreement with previous analysis at linear order in spin. In the particular limit of small scattering angle, we argue that wave scattering admits a universal, point-particle description determined by the eikonal approximation. We show how our results recover the scattering eikonal phase with spin up to second post-Minkowskian order, and match it to the effective action of null geodesics in a Kerr background. Using this correspondence we derive classical observables such as polar and equatorial scattering angles.This study serves as a preceding analysis to Part II, where the Gravitational Wave (h = 2) case will be studied in detail.
Linearizing the BPS equations with vector and tensor multiplets
Authors: Čeplak Nejc , Hampton Shaun , Warner Nicholas P. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We analyse the BPS equations of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) supergravity theory in six dimensions coupled to a vector and tensor multiplet. We show how these BPS equations can be reduced to a set of linear differential equations. This system is triangular in that each layer of equations, while linear, is quadratically sourced by the solutions of the previous layers. We examine several explicit examples and discuss the construction of new families of microstate geometries. We expect that the result presented here will open up new branches of superstrata in which the momentum is encoded in a new class of charge carriers.
Large-Amplitude Steady Solitary Water Waves with Constant Vorticity
Authors: Haziot Susanna V. , Wheeler Miles H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper considers two-dimensional steady solitary waves with constant vorticity propagating under the influence of gravity over an impermeable flat bed. Unlike in previous works on solitary waves, we allow for both internal stagnation points and overhanging wave profiles. Using analytic global bifurcation theory, we construct continuous curves of large-amplitude solutions. Along these curves, either the wave amplitude approaches the maximum possible value, the dimensionless wave speed becomes unbounded, or a singularity develops in a conformal map describing the fluid domain. This is stronger than what one would expect from a straightforward generalization of existing results for periodic waves. We also show that an arbitrary solitary wave of elevation with constant vorticity must be supercritical. The existence proof relies on a novel reformulation of the problem as an elliptic system for two scalar functions in a fixed domain, one describing the conformal map of the fluid region and the other the flow beneath the wave.
Glasner property for linear group actions and their products
Authors: Bulinski Kamil , Fish Alexander 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA theorem of Glasner from 1979 shows that if $$Y \subset \mathbb {T}= \mathbb {R}/\mathbb {Z}$$

Y
⊂
T
=
R
/
Z

is infinite then for each $$\epsilon > 0$$

ϵ
>
0

there exists an integer n such that nY is $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
-dense. This has been extended in various works by showing that certain irreducible linear semigroup actions on $$\mathbb {T}^d$$

T

d

also satisfy such a Glasner property where each infinite set (in fact, sufficiently large finite set) will have an $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
-dense image under some element from the acting semigroup. We improve these works by proving a quantitative Glasner theorem for irreducible linear group actions with Zariski connected Zariski closure. This makes use of recent results on linear random walks on the torus. We also pose a natural question that asks whether the Cartesian product of two actions satisfying the Glasner property also satisfy a Glasner property for infinite subsets which contain no two points on a common vertical or horizontal line. We answer this question affirmatively for many such Glasner actions by providing a new Glasner-type theorem for linear actions that are not irreducible, as well as polynomial versions of such results.
Virtually Augmented Self-Hypnosis in Peripheral Vascular Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gullo Giuseppe , Rotzinger David Christian , Colin Anaïs , Frossard Pierre , Gudmundsson Louis , Jouannic Anne-Marie , Qanadli Salah Dine 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Hypnosis is useful for diminishing distress during medical procedures. This study investigated the efficacy of virtually augmented self-hypnosis as an adjunctive non-pharmacological method for procedural pain and anxiety relief during endovascular interventions (EVI).

Methods
We compared an immersive distraction experience (clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT04561596) featuring virtual reality (VR) using a head-mounted display versus treatment as usual (TAU). Patients followed the “Aqua” module (Oncomfort™) consisting of a scuba dive and breathing exercises. They experienced a self-induced dissociative state similar to clinical hypnosis without direct intervention of a professional. Enrollment followed a 1:1 randomized open study (VR or TAU). Patients’ feelings were evaluated just before and after the procedure, and 3 months following intervention. Anxiety was evaluated using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and pain (sensory, emotional, and memory) with a visual analogue scale (VAS).

Results
This study included 100 patients. Mean anxiety (pre-post) was significantly reduced within groups and between groups (difference of 4.2 points, p = 0.016). The percentage of responders to anxiety lowering were 76 and 46% for VR and TAU, respectively (p = 0.004). The two groups did not significantly differ in mean sensory-intensity and affective emotional pain (pre-post) using VAS, in negative memories concerning remembered pain at 3 months (difference > 1 from immediate post-procedural reported pain intensity), mean procedural time, or the need for analgesic or sedative drugs.

Conclusions
VR self-hypnosis has the potential to improve the management of patients’ distress during radiological procedures. It is safe and effective for reducing anxiety during EVI.
Treatment of hydroxyurea-resistant/intolerant polycythemia vera: a discussion of best practices
Authors: Kuykendall Andrew T. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract Polycythemia vera (PV) is a burdensome, chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by activating mutations in Janus kinase 2, erythrocytosis, and bone marrow hypercellularity. The goals of treatment are to achieve hematocrit and blood count control to ultimately reduce the risk of thrombohemorrhagic events and improve PV-related symptoms. Treatment is risk-stratified and typically includes cytoreduction with hydroxyurea or interferon formulations in first line for high-risk disease. However, inadequate response, resistance, or intolerance to first-line cytoreductive therapies may warrant introduction of second-line treatments, such as ruxolitinib. In this review, I detail preferred treatment and patient management approaches following inadequate response to or intolerance of first-line treatment for PV.
Video-based learning of coping strategies for common errors improves laparoscopy training—a randomized study
Authors: Lang F. , Gerhäuser A. S. , Wild C. , Wennberg E. , Schmidt M. W. , Wagner M. , Müller-Stich B. P. , Nickel F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aims
The aim of this study was to investigate whether shifting the focus to solution orientation and developing coping strategies for common errors could increase the efficiency of laparoscopic training and influence learning motivation. The concept of coping has been particularly defined by the psychologist Richard Lazarus [Lazarus and Folkman in Stress, appraisal, and coping, Springer publishing company, New York, 1984]. Based on this model, we examined the use of observational learning with a coping model for its effectiveness as a basic teaching model in laparoscopic training.

Methods
55 laparoscopically naive medical students learned a standardized laparoscopic knot tying technique with video-based instructions. The control group was only offered a mastery video that showed the ideal technique and was free from mistakes. The intervention group was instructed on active error analysis and watched freely selectable videos of common errors including solution strategies (coping model) in addition to the mastery videos.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups for number of knot tying attempts until proficiency was reached (18.8 ± 5.5 vs. 21.3 ± 6.5, p = 0.142). However, there was a significantly higher fraction of knots achieving technical proficiency in the intervention group after first use of the coping model (0.7 ± 0.1 vs. 0.6 ± 0.2, p = 0.026). Additionally, the proportion of blinded attempts that met the criteria for technical proficiency was significantly higher for the intervention group at 60.9% vs. 38.0% in control group (p = 0.021). The motivational subscore “interest” of the validated score on current motivation (QCM) was significantly higher for the intervention group (p = 0.032), as well as subjective learning benefit (p = 0.002) and error awareness (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Using video-based learning of coping strategies for common errors improves learning motivation and understanding of the technique with a significant difference in its qualitative implementation in laparoscopy training. The ability to think in a solution-oriented, independent way is necessary in surgery in order to recognize and adequately deal with technical difficulties and complications.
A continuous convolutional trainable filter for modelling unstructured data
Authors: Coscia Dario , Meneghetti Laura , Demo Nicola , Stabile Giovanni , Rozza Gianluigi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConvolutional Neural Network (CNN) is one of the most important architectures in deep learning. The fundamental building block of a CNN is a trainable filter, represented as a discrete grid, used to perform convolution on discrete input data. In this work, we propose a continuous version of a trainable convolutional filter able to work also with unstructured data. This new framework allows exploring CNNs beyond discrete domains, enlarging the usage of this important learning technique for many more complex problems. Our experiments show that the continuous filter can achieve a level of accuracy comparable to the state-of-the-art discrete filter, and that it can be used in current deep learning architectures as a building block to solve problems with unstructured domains as well.
Daily serum phosphate increase as early and reliable indicator of kidney injury in children with leukemia and lymphoma developing tumor lysis syndrome
Authors: Biró Erika , Erdélyi Dániel , Varga Petra , Sinkó Mária , Bartyik Katalin , Kovács Gábor , Ottóffy Gábor , Vincze Ferenc , Szegedi István , Kiss Csongor , Szabó Tamás 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) and its most serious complication, acute kidney injury (AKI) are one of the emergency conditions in onco-hematology. It is difficult to predict the degree of kidney involvement. Therefore, we studied children with leukemia and lymphoma treated in four Hungarian tertiary centers (inpatient university clinics) retrospectively (2006–2016) from a nephrological aspect.

Method
Data of 31 pediatric patients were obtained from electronic- and paper-based medical records. Physical status, laboratory test results, treatments, and outcomes were assessed. Patients were analyzed according to both “traditional” TLS groupings, as laboratory TLS or clinical TLS, and nephrological aspect based on pRIFLE classification, as mild or severe AKI.

Results
Significant differences were found between the changes in parameters of phosphate homeostasis and urea levels in both classifications. Compared to age-specific normal phosphate ranges, before the development of TLS, hypophosphatemia was common (19/31 cases), while in the post-TLS period, hyperphosphatemia was observed (26/31 cases) most frequently. The rate of daily change in serum phosphate level was significant in the nephrological subgroups, but peaks of serum phosphate level show only a moderate increase. The calculated cut-off value of daily serum phosphate level increased before AKI was 0.32 mmol/L per ROC analysis for severe TLS–AKI. The 24-h urinalysis data of eight patients revealed transiently increased phosphate excretion only in those patients with TLS in whom serum phosphate was elevated in parallel.

Conclusion
Daily serum phosphate level increase can serve as a prognostic factor for the severity of pediatric TLS, as well as predict the severity of kidney involvement.

Graphical abstract
Erythrocyte miRNA-92a-3p interactions with PfEMP1 as determinants of clinical malaria
Authors: Prabhu Sowmya R. , Ware Akshay Pramod , Umakanth Shashikiran , Hande Manjunath , Mahabala Chakrapani , Saadi Abdul Vahab , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBased on the recently added high throughput analysis data on small noncoding RNAs in modulating disease pathophysiology of malaria, we performed an integrative computational analysis for exploring the role of human-host erythrocytic microRNAs (miRNAs) and their influence on parasite survival and host homeostasis. An in silico analysis was performed on transcriptomic datasets accessed from PlasmoDB and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repositories analyzed using miRanda, miRTarBase, mirDIP, and miRDB to identify the candidate miRNAs that were further subjected to network analysis using MCODE and DAVID. This was followed by immune infiltration analysis and screening for RNA degradation mechanisms. Seven erythrocytic miRNAs, miR-451a, miR-92a-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-15b-5p, miR-19b-3p, and miR-223-3p showed favourable interactions with parasite genes expressed during blood stage infection. The miR-92a-3p that targeted the virulence gene PfEMP1 showed drastic reduction during infection. Performing pathway analysis for the human-host gene targets for the miRNA identified TOB1, TOB2, CNOT4, and XRN1 genes that are associated to RNA degradation processes, with the exoribonuclease XRN1, highly enriched in the malarial samples. On evaluating the role of exoribonucleases in miRNA degradation further, the pattern of Plasmodium falciparum_XRN1 showed increased levels during infection thus suggesting a defensive role for parasite survival. This study identifies miR-92a-3p, a member of C13orf25/ miR-17-92 cluster, as a novel miRNA inhibitor of the crucial parasite genes responsible for symptomatic malaria. Evidence for a plausible link to chromosome 13q31.3 loci controlling the epigenetic disease regulation is also suggested.
A multimethod synthesis of Covid-19 education research: the tightrope between covidization and meaningfulness
Authors: Saqr Mohammed , Raspopovic Milic Miroslava , Pancheva Katina , Jovic Jovana , Peltekova Elitsa V. , Conde Miguel Á. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study offers a comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 research in education. A multi-methods approach was used to capture the full breadth of educational research. As such, a bibliometric analysis, structural topic modeling, and qualitative synthesis of top papers were combined. A total of 4,201 articles were retrieved from Scopus, mostly published from 2019 to 2021. In this work special attention is paid to analyzing and synthesizing findings about: (i) status of research about COVID-19 regarding frequencies, venues, publishing countries, (ii) identification of main topics in the COVID-19 research, and (iii) identification of the major themes in most cited articles and their impact on the educational community. Structural topic modeling identified three main groups of topics that related to education in general, moving to online education, or diverse topics (e.g., perceptions, inclusion, medical education, engagement and motivation, well-being, and equality). A deeper analysis of the papers that received most attention revealed that problem understanding was the dominating theme of papers, followed by challenges, impact, guidance, online migration, and tools and resources. A vast number of papers were produced. However, thoughtful, well-planned, and meaningful research was hard to conceptualize or implement, and a sense of urgency led to a deluge of research with thin contributions in a time of dire need to genuine insights.
Analysis and design of sub-6 beam steerable antenna array using meta-material loaded vivaldi elements
Authors: khairy A. , Elboushi A. , Shaalan A. A. , Ahmed M. F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a sub-6 beam-steerable antenna array system is introduced. The main radiating element in the proposed array is a gain-enhanced Vivaldi antenna, whose overall realized gain is improved by introducing near-zero-index metamaterial (NZIM) with broadband characteristics at 3.6 GHz. The proposed system is intended to be integrated with fifth-generation automotive applications. The 4 × 4 butler matrix is resonating at 3.6 GHz to feed the designed antenna array elements and steer the radiating beam. When altering the phase of the input signal, the primary beam direction is steered at an angle from 45° to 135°. So, by choosing the butler matrix input port, the phase of each radiating element is changed, which leads to precise beam direction control. All the system components, including antenna elements and the [4 × 4] butler matrix, are designed, simulated, and optimized. In order to verify the proposed design, the system is fabricated using the photolithographic technique. The experimental results show very good agreement with the simulated ones. The NZIM-loaded antenna element achieves a − 10 dB bandwidth of 2.9 GHz, while the overall array system achieves a 600 MHz bandwidth. The steered beam of the proposed system has an overall realized gain of 11.2 dB.
Exploring misclassifications of robust neural networks to enhance adversarial attacks
Authors: Schwinn Leo , Raab René , Nguyen An , Zanca Dario , Eskofier Bjoern 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProgress in making neural networks more robust against adversarial attacks is mostly marginal, despite the great efforts of the research community. Moreover, the robustness evaluation is often imprecise, making it challenging to identify promising approaches. We do an observational study on the classification decisions of 19 different state-of-the-art neural networks trained to be robust against adversarial attacks. This analysis gives a new indication of the limits of the robustness of current models on a common benchmark. In addition, our findings suggest that current untargeted adversarial attacks induce misclassification toward only a limited amount of different classes. Similarly, we find that previous attacks under-explore the perturbation space during optimization. This leads to unsuccessful attacks for samples where the initial gradient direction is not a good approximation of the final adversarial perturbation direction. Additionally, we observe that both over- and under-confidence in model predictions result in an inaccurate assessment of model robustness. Based on these observations, we propose a novel loss function for adversarial attacks that consistently improves their efficiency and success rate compared to prior attacks for all 30 analyzed models.
Optimisation and Analysis of Streamwise-Varying Wall-Normal Blowing in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
Authors: O’Connor Joseph , Diessner Mike , Wilson Kevin , Whalley Richard D. , Wynn Andrew , Laizet Sylvain 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSkin-friction drag is a major engineering concern, with wide-ranging consequences across many industries. Active flow-control techniques targeted at minimising skin friction have the potential to significantly enhance aerodynamic efficiency, reduce operating costs, and assist in meeting emission targets. However, they are difficult to design and optimise. Furthermore, any performance benefits must be balanced against the input power required to drive the control. Bayesian optimisation is a technique that is ideally suited to problems with a moderate number of input dimensions and where the objective function is expensive to evaluate, such as with high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics simulations. In light of this, this work investigates the potential of low-intensity wall-normal blowing as a skin-friction drag reduction strategy for turbulent boundary layers by combining a high-order flow solver () with a Bayesian optimisation framework. The optimisation campaign focuses on streamwise-varying wall-normal blowing, parameterised by a cubic spline. The inputs to be optimised are the amplitudes of the spline control points, whereas the objective function is the net-energy saving (NES), which accounts for both the skin-friction drag reduction and the input power required to drive the control (with the input power estimated from real-world data). The results of the optimisation campaign are mixed, with significant drag reduction reported but no improvement over the canonical case in terms of NES. Selected cases are chosen for further analysis and the drag reduction mechanisms and flow physics are highlighted. The results demonstrate that low-intensity wall-normal blowing is an effective strategy for skin-friction drag reduction and that Bayesian optimisation is an effective tool for optimising such strategies. Furthermore, the results show that even a minor improvement in the blowing efficiency of the device used in the present work will lead to meaningful NES.
Radio and mid-infrared properties of the blazar J1419–0838
Authors: Perger Krisztina , Frey Sándor , Gabányi Krisztina Éva 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe radio quasar NVSS J141922−083830 (J1419−0838) was initially classified as an uncategorised blazar-type object, following its detection in the $\gamma $
γ
-ray band with the Fermi space telescope. Later, using multi-waveband observations and modeling, its was found to be a flat-spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ). However, its radio emission has never been discussed in depth in the literature. Here we present a detailed analysis on the radio properties of J1419−0838 using archival interferometric imaging data at pc and kpc scales. We conclude that the flux density variations, the flat radio spectrum, the compact nature of the quasar structure at all scales, and the relativistic Doppler enhancement of the radio emission all support the previous classification as an FSRQ. We also investigated the short- and long-term mid-infrared (MIR) light curve of the quasar based on observations by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer satellite, and found that there is significant variability on time-scales of days as well as years. Comparison of the MIR light curve to the times of previously reported $\gamma $
γ
-ray and optical flares shows no clear correlation between the events at different wavebands.