bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A porous metal-organic cage liquid for sustainable CO2 conversion reactions
Authors: He Chang , Zou Yu-Huang , Si Duan-Hui , Chen Zi-Ao , Liu Tian-Fu , Cao Rong , Huang Yuan-Biao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPorous liquids are fluids with the permanent porosity, which can overcome the poor gas solubility limitations of conventional porous solid materials for three phase gas-liquid-solid reactions. However, preparation of porous liquids still requires the complicated and tedious use of porous hosts and bulky liquids. Herein, we develop a facile method to produce a porous metal-organic cage (MOC) liquid (Im-PL-Cage) by self-assembly of long polyethylene glycol (PEG)-imidazolium chain functional linkers, calixarene molecules and Zn ions. The Im-PL-Cage in neat liquid has permanent porosity and fluidity, endowing it with a high capacity of CO2adsorption. Thus, the CO2stored in an Im-PL-Cage can be efficiently converted to the value-added formylation product in the atmosphere, which far exceeds the porous MOC solid and nonporous PEG-imidazolium counterparts. This work offers a new method to prepare neat porous liquids for catalytic transformation of adsorbed gas molecules.
Visualizing the multi-level assembly structures of conjugated molecular systems with chain-length dependent behavior
Authors: Zhou Yang-Yang , Xu Yu-Chun , Yao Ze-Fan , Li Jia-Ye , Pan Chen-Kai , Lu Yang , Yang Chi-Yuan , Ding Li , Xiao Bu-Fan , Wang Xin-Yi , Shao Yu , Zhang Wen-Bin , Wang Jie-Yu , Wang Huan , Pei Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt remains challenging to understand the structural evolution of conjugated polymers from single chains to solvated aggregates and film microstructures, although it underpins the performance of optoelectrical devices fabricated via the mainstream solution processing method. With several ensemble visual measurements, here we unravel the morphological evolution process of a model system of isoindigo-based conjugated molecules, including the hidden molecular assembly pathways, the mesoscale network formation, and their unorthodox chain dependence. Short chains show rigid chain conformations forming discrete aggregates in solution, which further grow to form a highly ordered film that exhibits poor electrical performance. In contrast, long chains exhibit flexible chain conformations, creating interlinked aggregates networks in solution, which are directly imprinted into films, forming interconnective solid-state microstructure with excellent electrical performance. Visualizing multi-level assembly structures of conjugated molecules provides a deep understanding of the inheritance of assemblies from solution to solid-state, accelerating the optimization of device fabrication.
Inflammatory markers may mediate the relationship between processed meat consumption and metabolic unhealthy obesity in women: a cross sectional study
Authors: Mohamadi Azam , Shiraseb Farideh , Mirzababaei Atieh , Barekzai Ahmad Mujtaba , Clark Cain C. T. , Aali Yasaman , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO) are known to be affected by diet and inflammatory factors (such as TGF-β1, IL-β1, MCP1). We sought to survey that consume of processed meat could effect on MHO and MUHO phenotypes, mediated through inflammatory markers, in overweight and obese Iranian women. The current cross-sectional study was done on 224 women 18–48 years, with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2. A 147- item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to evaluate dietary intake. In all participants, anthropometric indices and biochemical factors, as well as metabolic health phenotypes based on Karelis score, were evaluated. According to results, 22.6% of participants had MHO and 75.7% had MUHO phenotypes. There was an association between higher adherence to processed meats and increasing odds of MUHO phenotype in Iranian women (OR:2.54; 95% CI 0.009, 7.51; P = 0.05). Moreover, we found that the relation can be affected by agents such as TGF-β1, IL-β1, and MCP1; however, more research is needed to confirm these results and finding.
AI aided workflow for hip dysplasia screening using ultrasound in primary care clinics
Authors: Jaremko Jacob L. , Hareendranathan Abhilash , Bolouri Seyed Ehsan Seyed , Frey Rod Fitzsimmons , Dulai Sukhdeep , Bailey Allan L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDevelopmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common cause of premature osteoarthritis. This osteoarthritis can be prevented if DDH is detected by ultrasound and treated in infancy, but universal DDH screening is generally not cost-effective due to the need for experts to perform the scans. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the feasibility of having non-expert primary care clinic staff perform DDH ultrasound using handheld ultrasound with artificial intelligence (AI) decision support. We performed an implementation study evaluating the FDA-cleared MEDO-Hip AI app interpreting cine-sweep images obtained from handheld Philips Lumify probe to detect DDH. Initial scans were done by nurses or family physicians in 3 primary care clinics, trained by video, powerpoint slides and brief in-person. When the AI app recommended follow-up (FU), we first performed internal FU by a sonographer using the AI app; cases still considered abnormal by AI were referred to pediatric orthopedic clinic for assessment. We performed 369 scans in 306 infants. Internal FU rates were initially 40% for nurses and 20% for physicians, declining steeply to 14% after ~ 60 cases/site: 4% technical failure, 8% normal at sonographer FU using AI, and 2% confirmed DDH. Of 6 infants referred to pediatric orthopedic clinic, all were treated for DDH (100% specificity); 4 had no risk factors and may not have otherwise been identified. Real-time AI decision support and a simplified portable ultrasound protocol enabled lightly trained primary care clinic staff to perform hip dysplasia screening with FU and case detection rates similar to costly formal ultrasound screening, where the US scan is performed by a sonographer and interpreted by a radiologist/orthopedic surgeon. This highlights the potential utility of AI-supported portable ultrasound in primary care.
Statistical evaluation of character support reveals the instability of higher-level dinosaur phylogeny
Authors: Černý David , Simonoff Ashley L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe interrelationships of the three major dinosaur clades (Theropoda, Sauropodomorpha, and Ornithischia) have come under increased scrutiny following the recovery of conflicting phylogenies by a large new character matrix and its extensively modified revision. Here, we use tools derived from recent phylogenomic studies to investigate the strength and causes of this conflict. Using maximum likelihood as an overarching framework, we examine the global support for alternative hypotheses as well as the distribution of phylogenetic signal among individual characters in both the original and rescored dataset. We find the three possible ways of resolving the relationships among the main dinosaur lineages (Saurischia, Ornithischiformes, and Ornithoscelida) to be statistically indistinguishable and supported by nearly equal numbers of characters in both matrices. While the changes made to the revised matrix increased the mean phylogenetic signal of individual characters, this amplified rather than reduced their conflict, resulting in greater sensitivity to character removal or coding changes and little overall improvement in the ability to discriminate between alternative topologies. We conclude that early dinosaur relationships are unlikely to be resolved without fundamental changes to both the quality of available datasets and the techniques used to analyze them.
Designed α-sheet peptides disrupt uropathogenic E. coli biofilms rendering bacteria susceptible to antibiotics and immune cells
Authors: Bleem Alissa , Prosswimmer Tatum , Chen Ruying , Hady Thomas F. , Li Jinzheng , Bryers James D. , Daggett Valerie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUropathogenic Escherichia coli account for the largest proportion of nosocomial infections in the United States. Nosocomial infections are a major source of increased costs and treatment complications. Many infections are biofilm associated, rendering antibiotic treatments ineffective or cause additional complications (e.g., microbiome depletion). This work presents a potentially complementary non-antibiotic strategy to fight nosocomial infections by inhibiting the formation of amyloid fibrils, a proteinaceous structural reinforcement known as curli in E. coli biofilms. Despite extensive characterization of the fibrils themselves and their associated secretion system, mechanistic details of curli assembly in vivo remain unclear. We hypothesized that, like other amyloid fibrils, curli polymerization involves a unique secondary structure termed “α-sheet”. Biophysical studies herein confirmed the presence of α-sheet structure in prefibrillar species of CsgA, the major component of curli, as it aggregated. Binding of synthetic α-sheet peptides to the soluble α-sheet prefibrillar species inhibited CsgA aggregation in vitro and suppressed amyloid fibril formation in biofilms. Application of synthetic α-sheet peptides also enhanced antibiotic susceptibility and dispersed biofilm-resident bacteria for improved uptake by phagocytic cells. The ability of synthetic α-sheet peptides to reduce biofilm formation, improve antibiotic susceptibility, and enhance clearance by macrophages has broad implications for combating biofilm-associated infections.
Association of physical activity with increased PI3K and Akt mRNA levels in adipose tissues of obese and non-obese adults
Authors: Montazeri Marzieh , Zarkesh Maryam , Zadeh-Vakili Azita , Khalili Davood , Movahedi Monireh , Khalaj Alireza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. We examined the association of PI3K and Akt expression in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with daily physical activity (PA) in non-diabetic obese and non-obese adults. In this cross-sectional study, we included 105 obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and 71 non-obese (BMI < 30 kg/m2) subjects (aged/ ≥ 18 years). PA was measured using a valid and reliable International Physical Activity Questionnaire(IPAQ)-long-form, and the metabolic equivalent of task(MET) was calculated. Real-time PCR was performed to analyze the mRNA relative expression. VAT PI3K expression had a lower level in obese compared to non-obese (P = 0.015), while its expression was higher in active individuals than inactive ones (P = 0.029). SAT PI3K expression was increased in active individuals compared to inactive ones (P = 0.031). There was a rise in VAT Akt expression in the actives compared to the inactive participants (P = 0.037) and in non-obese/active compared to non-obese/inactive individuals (P = 0.026). Obese individuals had a decreased expression level of SAT Akt compared to non-obsesses (P = 0.005). VAT PI3K was directly and significantly associated with PA in obsesses (β = 1.457, P = 0.015). Positive association between PI3K and PA suggests beneficial effects of PA for obese individuals that can be partly described by PI3K/Akt pathway acceleration in adipose tissue.
Analysis and design of holographic magnetic metasurfaces in the very near field for sensing applications at quasi-static regime
Authors: Falchi Martina , Rotundo Sabrina , Brizi Danilo , Monorchio Agostino 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present a novel low-frequency sensing solution based on the manipulation of the near-field distribution by employing a passive holographic magnetic metasurface, excited by an active RF coil placed in its reactive region. In particular, the sensing capability is based on the interaction between the magnetic field distribution produced by the radiating system and the magneto-dielectric inhomogeneities eventually present within the material under test. We first start from conceiving the geometrical set-up of the metasurface and its driving RF coil, adopting a low operative frequency (specifically 3 MHz) to consider a quasi-static regime and able to increase the penetration depth within the sample. Afterwards, since the sensing spatial resolution and performance can be modulated by controlling the metasurface properties, the required holographic magnetic field mask, describing the ideal distribution at a specific plane, is designed. Then, the amplitude and phase of currents, flowing in each metasurface unit-cell and required to synthetize the field mask, are determined through an optimization technique. Next, the capacitive loads necessary to accomplish the planned behavior are retrieved, by exploiting the metasurface impedance matrix. Finally, experimental measurements conducted on fabricated prototypes validated the numerical results, confirming the efficacy of the proposed approach to detect inhomogeneities in a medium with a magnetic inclusion in a non-destructive manner. The findings show that holographic magnetic metasurfaces operating in the quasi-static regime can be successfully employed for non-destructive sensing, both in industrial and biomedical fields, despite the extremely low frequencies.
A novel PID controller for pressure control of artificial ventilator using optimal rule based fuzzy inference system with RCTO algorithm
Authors: Acharya Debasis , Das Dushmanta Kumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn order to improve the pressure tracking response of an artificial ventilator system, a novel proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is designed in the present work by utilizing an optimal rule-based fuzzy inference system (FIS) with a reshaped class-topper optimization algorithm (RCTO), which is named as (Fuzzy-PID). Firstly, a patient-hose blower-driven artificial ventilator model is considered, and the transfer function model is established. The ventilator is assumed to operate in pressure control mode. Then, a fuzzy-PID control structure is formulated such that the error and change in error between the desired airway pressure and actual airway pressure of the ventilator are set as inputs to the FIS. The gains of the PID controller (proportional gain, derivative gain, and integral gain) are set as outputs of the FIS. A reshaped class topper optimization algorithm (RCTO) is developed to optimize rules of the FIS to establish optimal coordination among the input and output variables of the FIS. Finally, the optimized Fuzzy-PID controller is examined for the ventilator under different scenarios such as parametric uncertainties, external disturbances, sensor noise, and a time-varying breathing pattern. In addition, the stability analysis of the system is carried out using the Nyquist stability method, and the sensitivity of the optimal Fuzzy-PID is examined for different blower parameters. The simulation results showed satisfactory results in terms of peak time, overshoot, and settling time for all cases, which were also compared with existing results. It is observed in the simulation results that the overshoot in the pressure profile is improved by 16% with the proposed optimal rule based fuzzy-PID as compared with randomly selected rules for the system. Settling time and peak time are also improved 60–80% compared to the existing method. The control signal generated by the proposed controller is also improved in magnitude by 80–90% compared to the existing method. With a lower magnitude, the control signal can also avoid actuator saturation problems.
Prevalence of Voice Disorders in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Liang-Hui , Doan Thanh-Nhan , Chang Fei-Chun , To Thi-Lien , Ho Wen-Chao , Chou Li-Wei 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
Voice disorders significantly impair the ability to communicate effectively and reduce the quality of life in older adults; however, its prevalence has not been well established. The aim of our research was to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of voice disorders among the older population.

Method:

Five medical databases were systematically searched for studies that reported the prevalence of voice disorders in older adults. The overall prevalence was exhibited in proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) utilizing random-effects models. Heterogeneity was measured using
I
2
statistics.

Results:

Of 930 articles screened, 13 fulfilled the eligibility criteria, including 10 studies in community-based settings and three in institutionalized settings. An overall prevalence of voice disorders in older adults was estimated to be 18.79% (95% CI [16.34, 21.37],
I
2
= 96%). Subgroup analysis showed a prevalence of 33.03% (95% CI [26.85, 39.51],
I
2
= 35%) in institutionalized older adults, which was significantly higher than that in the community-based older adults with 15.2% (95% CI [12.65, 17.92],
I
2
= 92%). Some factors that influenced the reported prevalence were identified, including types of survey, the definition of voice disorders, sampling methods, and the mean age of the population among included studies.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of voice disorders in the older population depends on various factors but is relatively common in older adults. The findings of this study accentuate the necessity for researchers to standardize the protocol for reporting geriatric dysphonia as well as for older adults to express their voice-related problems so that they will receive appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
Real‐time voltage control of electric spring in islanded condition
Authors: Panda Deepsikha , Kundu Pratim , Rajpurohit Bharat Singh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIslanded microgrid network is sensitive to voltage and frequency fluctuations which becomes more vulnerable in the presence of external disturbance and the intermittent nature of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs). The “Electric Spring” (ES) is one of the most effective and efficient solutions for enhancing operational flexibility and RESs integration. A Self‐Excited Induction Generator (SEIG) based Micro hydro system with ES, non‐critical and critical loads is considered. Both non‐critical and critical loads are connected in 2:1 ratio in parallel with SEIG. The concept of voltage‐sensitive and non‐sensitive loads and the “power demand following the supply” idea have been incorporated for pointing up the contribution of ES. The non‐critical load coupled with a three‐phase inverter acts like an ES and can be operated as a Smart Load (SL). SL can compensate the voltage deviation between demand‐supply side, therefore mitigating the voltage fluctuations. The effectiveness of ES in terms of voltage regulation at the point of standard coupling has been achieved which improved the overall voltage profile of the hybrid microgrid system which can be observed from various test cases. A hardware in loop microgrid experimental platform is established and its results highlight the excellent performance of the proposed method.
Trilateral control for LCL filter‐based system with single grid current sensor in weak grid
Authors: Kumari Khushboo , Jain Amit Kumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA trilateral control for LCL filter‐based system is introduced by the authors with a single grid current sensor in weak grid conditions. The LCL filter increases the complexity when the uncertain nature of the grid comes into the picture. Moreover, the traditional three‐loop control technique requires three current sensors on the inverter side, three voltage sensors to sense voltage across the capacitor, and three current sensors on the grid side combined for sensing. A novel trilateral control technique utilising a single sensor is implemented to sense the grid current. This technique has reduced a considerable number of current sensors and voltage sensors. The α axis of grid current is proportional to sensed ‘a’ phase grid current. The β current in the utility grid is acquired by employing the controller reference quantities of the grid current. The computation of another variable, that is, the current in the inverter side inductor and the voltage across the capacitor, is executed by an estimation algorithm. The proposed technique provides the feature of reducing implementation financial value and weight that reduces the complexity and size of hardware. The synchronisation technique is executed by a modified dual second‐order generalised integrator digital phase‐locked loop for the grid‐connected converter. The implemented system offers the advantage of ease of implementation, good performance, and high stability. The validity of the proposed scheme in the implemented system is demonstrated by the simulated waveform obtained on the MATLAB/Simulink platform. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed system is further justified by the experimental waveform procured from a prototype developed in the laboratory.
Dynamic Patterns and Persistence of Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients with Venous Thromboembolism in South Korea: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Yoon Dongwon , Jeong Han Eol , Choi Songhwa , Shin Ju-Young , Bang Soo-Mee 
Published: June 2023

Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditure. However, the comprehensive utilization of anticoagulation therapy in patients with VTE, especially regarding active cancer, in real-world practice remains unclear.
Objective To describe the prescription, persistence, and patterns of anticoagulation therapy among patients with VTE stratified according to active cancer.
Methods Using Korean nationwide claims data, we identified an incident, treatment-naïve cohort of patients with VTE from 2013 to 2019 and classified them according to the presence/absence of active cancer. We explored the secular trends, treatment patterns (e.g., discontinuation, interruption, and switch), and persistence of anticoagulation therapy.
Results There were 48,504 and 7,255 patients without and with active cancer, respectively. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) were the most common anticoagulant in both groups (65.1 and 57.9%, respectively). The prescription of NOACs increased steeply over time, regardless of active cancer, whereas parenteral anticoagulants (PACs) plateaued and warfarin decreased sharply. A heterogeneous pattern was observed between the groups without and with active cancer (3-month persistence was 60.8, 62.9, 57.2, and 3.4%, respectively; 6-month persistence was 42.3, 33.5, 25.9, and 1.2% vs. 9.9%). Median durations of continuous anticoagulant therapy for warfarin, NOAC, and PAC were 183, 147, and 3 days in nonactive cancer patients, and 121, 117, and 44 days in active cancer patients.
Conclusion Our findings suggest that there were substantial differences in persistence, patterns, and patient characteristics of anticoagulant therapy based on index anticoagulant and active cancer.