bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cases of Yolk sac tumor associated with gynecological malignant tumor
Authors: Wang Shenchao , Chen Kelie , Chen Qin , Huang Shuai , Lv Weiguo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:
Yolk sac tumour (YST) is the second most common ovarian germ cell tumour and usually presentsin children and young women. However, tumours rarely occur as malignant gynaecological tumourswith YST components.
Case presentation:
We present one case of endometrioid carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma with YST components and two other cases of YSTs associated with high-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary in females. After surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient withendometrioid carcinoma had progressive disease and died 20 months later,and the other two were still alive at thelast follow-up.
Conclusions:
To our knowledge, these mixed neoplasm associations areunusual,and these cases illustrate the diagnosis and prognosis of YST associated with malignant gynaecological tumours, emphasizing early recognition and aggressive treatment.
Research on automatic analysis and layout system of the stamping process for automotive panels and its key technologies
Authors: Kong Chuipin , Lei Jialin , Chao Jiale , Zhou Xiong Hui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The stamping process analysis and layout of automotive panels are extremely complex and time-consuming, which directly affects the quality and cycle of product development. Based on the CAGD theory of complex curves and surfaces, process design knowledge, and multidisciplinary optimization techniques, an intelligent automatic process analysis and layout system has been developed. The process feature analysis method based on discretization and merging idea has been proposed to accurately and automatically identify process features such as piercing, trimming, flanging and restricting. The process feature dispersion method based on curvature and normal variation of the forming surface is proposed to ensure the accuracy of feature dispersion. The combinatorial optimization algorithm is proposed to merge the discrete features according to the stamping direction and the geometric parameters of the features to reduce the number of process steps as much as possible. Moreover, a process constraint diagram with combined features is constructed, which is used as the initial solution and sequence constraint conditions for the process layout to effectively ensure the rationality of the process layout. Based on the die design rules, the simplified tools of the process features are created, and the rapid interference detection algorithm of the tools is proposed to realize the automatic layout and optimization of the stamping process. Finally, the aforementioned algorithms are seamlessly integrated into the NX software to develop an automatic analysis and layout system for the automotive panel stamping process. The feasibility, accuracy and efficiency of the system have been demonstrated through the example of the wing panel and the system has been successfully applied in enterprises.
Association between illicit drug overdose and encephalopathy in British Columbia, Canada: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Xavier Chloé G. , Kuo Margot , Desai Roshni , Palis Heather , Regan Gemma , Zhao Bin , Moe Jessica , Scheuermeyer Frank X. , Gan Wen Qi , Sabeti Soha , Meilleur Louise , Buxton Jane A. , Slaunwhite Amanda K. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background In the context of the drug poisoning (overdose) crisis in British Columbia (BC), Canada, measuring the co-occurrence of encephalopathy and overdose is challenging due to lack of standardized screening. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of encephalopathy among people who experienced a drug poisoning event and examine the association between drug poisoning and encephalopathy.Methods Using a 20% random sample of BC residents from administrative health data, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis. Drug poisoning events were identified using the Provincial Overdose Cohort definition and encephalopathy was identified using ICD codes from hospitalization, emergency department, and primary care records between January 1st 2015 and December 31st 2019. Unadjusted and adjusted log-binomial regression models were employed to estimate the risk of encephalopathy among people who had a drug poisoning event compared to people who did not experience a drug poisoning event.Results Among people with encephalopathy, 14.6% (n = 54) had one or more drug poisoning events between 2015 and 2019. After adjusting for sex, age, and mental illness, people who experienced a drug poisoning were 15.3 times (95% CI = 11.3, 20.7) more likely to have encephalopathy compared to people who did not experience a drug poisoning event. People who were 40 years and older, male, and had a mental illness were at increased risk of encephalopathy.Conclusions There is a need for collaboration between health care providers, experts, and key stakeholders to develop a standardized approach to define, screen, and detect neurocognitive injury related to illicit drug poisoning.
TGF-beta1 stimulates lymphatic endothelial cells to produce IL-7 and IL-15, which act as chemotactic factors for breast cancer cells with EMT properties
Authors: Giotopoulou Nikolina , Parniewska Malgorzata Maria , Shi Wenyang , Sun Wenwen , Fuxe Jonas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The lymphatic system is a major gateway for tumor cell dissemination but the mechanisms of how tumor cells gain access to lymphatic vessels are not completely understood. Breast cancer cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gain invasive and migratory properties. Overexpression of the cytokine transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), a potent inducer of EMT, is frequently detected in the tumor microenvironment and correlates with invasion and lymph metastasis. Recently, we reported that TGF-β1 stimulated breast cancer cells with EMT properties migrate in a targeted fashion towards the lymphatic system via CCR7/CCL21-mediated chemotaxis, similar to dendritic cells during inflammation. Here, we aimed to identify additional chemotactic factors and receptors that could be involved in this. Through a combination of RNA sequencing analysis, database screening and invasion assays we identified IL-7/IL7R and IL-15/IL15R as pairs of chemokines and chemokine receptors with potential roles in promoting chemotactic migration of breast cancer cells with EMT properties towards the lymphatics. The results warrant studies to further explore their possible roles in lymph metastasis in breast cancer. Moreover, they demonstrate the capacity of TGF-β1 to orchestrate crosstalk between tumor cells and lymphatic endothelial cells.
Scientific paradigm associated with consumption of non-alcoholic water-based beverages sold in Banda Zone, Kampala-Uganda
Authors: onen Patrick , Kissa Joel , Odokonyero Isaac , Esangu Emmanuel , Opio Boniface , Asiimwe Athony , Odongo Tonny , Jogunomi Temilola Basirat 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background In this study, it was aimed to analyze the caffeine content and acidity levels of different varieties of non-alcoholic water-based beverages consumed by the people in the vicinity of Banda, Uganda. The samples were sonicated and subjected for analysis by HPLC-UV method.Results The study showed that the highest concentration of caffeine was found in energy drink, ED; with 64.01 ± 0.07 mg/l as compared to soft drinks, SD1; 20.20 ± 0.02 mg/l, SD2; 23.14 ± 0.08 mg/l, and SD3; 29.88 ± 0.02 mg/l. All obtained values were below the permissible levels for caffeine (200 mg) intake by the US Food and Drug administration (FDA). The study also showed that all non-alcoholic beverages analyzed were acidic accept bottled water in the sequence; BW < ED < SD, in the categorical range with bottled water; BW2; 8.01 ± 0.03, BW1; 7.5 ± 0.10, BW3; 7.5 ± 0.11, BW4 6.85 ± 1.38, and Energy drink; ED; 3.17, and finally, Soft drinks; SD2; 2.82 ± 0.02, SD1; 2.61 ± 0.02, and SD3; 2.59 ± 0.05.Conclusions The results obtained in this study provide satisfactory information on the quantification of caffeine and acidity contents of the consumed non-alcoholic water-based beverages by the people in the vicinity of Banda, Kampala-Uganda. This in future could pose serious health risks, since some individuals consume multiple servings of the drinks in a short time, which could results in intoxication/overdose.
Potentials of computer simulation of lung tumors in comparison with <sup>99m</sup>Тс-MIBI SPECT/CT data
Authors: Denisova N. V. , Gurko M. A. , Minin S. M. , Anashbaev Zh. Zh. , Zheravin A. A. , Samoilova E. A. , Krasilnikov S. E. 
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study was to develop and validate a software package (SP) for computer simulation of the procedure for examining patients with lung cancer by SPECT/CT and assessing the accuracy of reconstruction of tumor lesions.Material and Methods. Lung scintigraphy for a patient with peripheral squamous cell carcinoma of the upper lobe of the right lung was performed using a two-detector gamma camera GE Discovery NM/CT 670 DR (USA) with high-resolution collimators for an energy of 140 KeV and a radiopharmaceutical (RP) 99mTc-Technetril (MIBI, Diamed, Moscow). The data obtained were subjected to computer processing using a specialized Xeleris 4.0 system from GE (USA). The SP included a program for generating a voxel phantom (“virtual patient”), a program for modeling the “raw” data acquisition (“virtual tomograph”) and an image reconstruction based on the OSEM algorithm (Ordered Subset Expectation Maximization). In order to validate the created SP, computer simulation of the above clinical case was performed. The semi-quantitative comparative image analysis was based on a tumor/background score.Results. There was a good correlation between clinical “raw” data recorded from a real patient and projection data calculated by the Monte Carlo method from a “virtual patient”. The results of the comparative analysis showed that the tumor/background assessment was underestimated in the reconstructed images.Conclusion. The problem of the accuracy of the tumor lesions reconstruction by using standard OSEM reconstruction algorithms has not been studied. This issue is important in the management of patients with tumor lesions of the lungs and requires study and systematization. The SP will be used in further studies to analyze errors and artifacts in images of tumor lesions, as well as to develop approaches to overcome them.
A rare case of thymus lipofbroadenoma
Authors: Shilov A. V. , Avdalyan A. M. , Shargin A. S. , Levitsky A. V. , Protsenko D. N. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose of the study: differential diagnosis of tumors arising from the mediastinum, as well as the analysis of the biological potential of the tumor, taking into account the relatively low incidence of these tumors among the population.Material and Methods. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the surgical specimen were performed using routine H&E staining. Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded tissue sections was performed using a Roche Ventana BenchMark Ultra system. The results obtained were evaluated taking into account the available literature data published on this nosology.Description. We present a rare case of a benign neoplasm of the thymus, lipofibroadenoma (LFA), which was localized in the left pleural cavity and originated from the anterior mediastinum with partial compression of the lower lobe of the left lung in a 59-year-old man. The tumor was revealed during a routine medical examination. The patient underwent left-sided thoracotomy with complete excision of the tumor and anterior mediastinal lymph node dissection. Macroscopic examination reveled that the tumor was predominantly composed of adipose tissue with fibrous layers. Histological examination showed a tumor composed of mature adipocytes of various sizes, among which remnants of the thymus with Hassal’s bodies and small number of lymphocytes and calcifications were found. Areas of fibrous stroma predominated over narrow strands of anastomosing epithelial cells with clear nuclei. Epitheliocytes formed slit-like structures infiltrated with lymphocytes, resembling the structure of breast fibroadenoma. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that epithelial cells were positive for PanKeratin and CK19, lymphocytes were positive for CD3 and CD20, and thymic cells expressed TdT. In this case, the neoplasm was almost asymptomatic, in contrast to previously published observations, which described an association with erythrocyte aplasia.Conclusion. Considering the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical data, it was feasible to make a differential diagnosis of the neoplasm and determine the histological type of the tumor as lipofibroadenoma.
The immune system contributes to the effectiveness of vaccine therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma
Authors: Mikhaylova I. N. , Stakheyeva M. N. , Shubina I. Zh. , Chkadua G. Z. , Borunova A. A. , Zukov R. A. , Bogdashin I. V. , Choynzonov E. L. , Cherdyntseva N. V. 
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study was to identify differences in the immune system parameters between metastatic melanoma patients who responded and did not respond to dendritic cell vaccination.Material and Methods. The study group included 20 patients with stage III–IV metastatic melanoma, who received vaccine therapy with dendritic cells (DC) in a prophylactic mode. The control groups included 13 patients who had symptoms of disease progression at the time of starting vaccine therapy, and 5 healthy donors. The DC-vaccine was prepared in the form of a suspension of the patient’s autologous dendritic cells loaded with tumor antigens in vitro. A single dose had 2 million dendritic cells in 1 ml of phosphate buffer solution, which was administered intradermally in the nearest site to the regional lymphatic collectors. The immune system status was assessed before starting vaccination. The immune system status was evaluated according to the indices of 25 peripheral blood cell populations using multicolor flow cytometry and integral characteristic in the form of the visual image generated by the visualization method of multidimensional data (NovoSpark, Canada).Results. The immune status in patients with metastatic melanoma at the start of DC-vaccination differed and was associated with the effectiveness of subsequent vaccine therapy. The response to vaccination was observed in patients whose immune system status was similar to that of healthy individuals. Low efficacy of DC-vaccine therapy was shown in patients whose immune system status corresponded to that of patients with disease progression. Alterations of the immune system in patients with metastatic melanoma were registered both at the level of individual immunological parameters and at the level of visualized integral characteristics. The integral characteristics of the immune system associated with the patient’s immunocompromised status can be considered as a criterion for stratification of patients with metastatic melanoma for the effective DC-vaccine therapy.Conclusion. The effectiveness of vaccine therapy with dendritic cells in patients with metastatic melanoma is associated with the immune system state before starting this therapy.
Evaluation and modifcation of lung immune prognostic index in patients with metastatic NSCLC treated by immunotherapy
Authors: Yudin D. I. , Laktionov K. K. , Sarantseva K. A. , Barbolina T. D. , Djanyan I. A. 
Published: May 2023

Aim of the study: to evaluate prognostic value of baseline lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) and its modification (mLIPI) for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).Material and methods. Baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, lactate dehydrogenase, hemoglobin, platelets, and fibrinogen level were collected from 133 patients treated with ICI in monotherapy or combination between July 2015 and July 2022 in N.N. Blokhin NMRCO. According to evaluating factors patients were divided into three groups of “good” (LIPI 0/mLIPI 0–1), “intermediate” (LIPI 1/mLIPI 2–3) and “poor” prognosis (LIPI 2/mLIPI 4–5). The primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS).Results. The median PFS for the LIPI groups were 9.7 months (1.4–17.9; 95 % CI), 7.9 months (5.9–9.9; CI 95 %) and 6.0 months (4.07–7.93; 95 % CI) in the “good”, “intermediate” and “poor” prognosis groups, respectively; the hazard ratio (HR) for patients in the “poor” prognosis group (17 patients) was 2.02 (1.06–3.84; 95 % CI) compared with the “good” LIPI group (p=0.03). The median PFS for mLIPI groups were 9.0 months (4.53–13.47; 95 % CI), 8.0 months (5.4–10.6; CI 95 %) and 2.0 months. (1.33–2.67; 95 % CI) in the “good”, “intermediate” and “poor” prognosis groups, respectively. The HR for patients in the “poor” prognosis group (n=12) was 3.12 (1.51–6.46; 95 % CI) compared with the “good” mLIPI group (p=0.002).Conclusion. Baseline LIPI and mLIPI predicts potential resistance to ICI treatment in mNSCLC patients.
Operation safety evaluation system of ship lock based on extension evaluation and combination weighting method
Authors: Li Junman , Hu Yaan , Wang Xin , Diao Mingjun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Ship locks are the most widely used, promising, and important type of navigation structure in the world at present. It is, therefore, crucial to evaluate the operation safety of a ship lock in service. However, the determination of indicator thresholds is challenging. Accordingly, this paper describes the systematic study of the evaluation system of ship lock operation safety. First, the safety accidents of ship locks are counted. According to the rhombic thinking mode (that is, the thinking mode of ‘first divergence and then convergence’), with the help of extenics, a multi-indicator hierarchical indicator system including 5 first-class indicators and 47 second-class indicators for the safety evaluation of ship lock operation is established, and 4 safety evaluation grades are classified: normal, deterioration, early warning, and shutdown. The threshold range of each indicator at each grade is determined individually. Second, based on the idea of multi-factor optimization and integration, the process and the matter-element model of ship lock operation safety evaluation based on extension theory are proposed. Then the weight of the safety indicator is determined by the combination weighting method. The evaluation result is consistent with the actual situation.
Climate projections and the parallel energy availability in the case of Kombolcha town, South Wollo Ethiopia
Authors: Gobie Birhan Gessese , Guadie Ejigu Alemu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

This paper focused on climate projection on energy availability in Kombolcha town, central north Ethiopia, which is one of the most industry-occupied places in the country. Marksim climate data generator model with all ensemble models and representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario is used. The climate projection outputs are drawn from the model based on the given input latitude, longitude, and climate parameters (maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and precipitation). The result showed that the mean monthly maximum temperature, mean monthly minimum temperature, and mean monthly precipitation have an increased pattern over the study area with a rate of change of 8.4, 14.85, and 6.6%, respectively, over the past 4.5 decades. The mean monthly minimum temperature showed the highest rate of change (14.85%). As a result, the change in temperature causes a change in energy. Since temperature cause motions of particles over the area, the parallel energy availability will increase. Therefore, the energy rate of change for the 4.5 decades is 8.36%. Since the research is based on online data from the model and more industries are established in the study area, industry-related research with baseline climate data should be conducted to reduce climate-related hazards in the study area.
Analysis on flow structure in a vortex pump under all flow rates
Authors: Tan Minggao , Zhao Kaiyao , Wu Xianfang , Liu Houlin , Shao Chen , Pan Bo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Vortex pumps are usually designed based on its inner flow model. Currently, the flow models of vortex pump just consider flow rate at the design condition, which results in low efficiency under off-design flow rates in practical engineering. Therefore, the main objective of this article is to build a flow model that takes into account the impact of flow rates. To reveal the flow mechanism of vortex pump, we provide refined flow field simulations for a vortex pump. Performance experiments were conducted to validate the numerical simulation method. The study found that the vortex structure in the non-blade cavity can be regarded as a Rankine-like vortex. The inflow range is limited to the hub diameter (45 mm), smaller than the volute inlet diameter (85 mm). The action radius of the forced vortex gradually decreases from the impeller side to the inlet side. The maximum radius of the forced vortex on the impeller side is determined by the impeller diameter. As the flow rate increases, the action radius of the forced vortex on the inlet side gradually increases, while the axial length of the vortex in the inlet pipe gradually decreases. Based on the study of internal flow, a new flow model is proposed.
Selective Activation of G Protein-coupled Estrogen Receptor 1
Attenuates Atherosclerosis
Authors: Haider Mohammad Zulqurnain , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Eid Ali H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
therosclerosis remains a leading contributor to cardiovascular disease-associated
morbidity and mortality. Interestingly, atherosclerosis-associated mortality rate is
higher in men than women. This suggested a protective role for estrogen in the cardiovasculature.
These effects of estrogen were initially thought to be mediated by the classic estrogen
receptors, ER alpha, and beta. However, genetic knockdown of these receptors did
not abolish estrogen’s vasculoprotective effects suggesting that the other membranous Gprotein
coupled estrogen receptor, GPER1, maybe the actual mediator. Indeed, in addition
to its role in vasotone regulation, this GPER1 appears to play important roles in regulating
vascular smooth cell phenotype, a critical player in the onset of atherosclerosis.
Moreover, GPER1-selective agonists appear to reduce LDL levels by promoting the expression
of LDL receptors as well as potentiating LDL re-uptake in liver cells. Further
evidence also show that GPER1 can downregulate Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/
Kexin type 9, leading to suppression of LDL receptor breakdown. Here, we review
how selective activation of GPER1 might prevent or suppress atherosclerosis, with less
side effects than those of the non-selective estrogen.
Hydrogen Sulfide: Physiological Roles and Therapeutic Implications
against COVID-19
Authors: Abolfazli Sajad , Ebrahimi Nima , Morabi Etekhar , Asgari Yazdi Mohammad Amin , Zengin Gokhan , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
2 (SARS-COV-2) poses a major menace to economic and public health worldwide.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2
(TMPRSS2) are two host proteins that play an essential function in the entry of SARS--
COV-2 into host cells. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a new gasotransmitter, has been shown to
protect the lungs from potential damage through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral,
and anti-aging effects. It is well known that H2S is crucial in controlling the inflammatory
reaction and the pro-inflammatory cytokine storm. Therefore, it has been suggested
that some H2S donors may help treat acute lung inflammation. Furthermore, recent research
illuminates a number of mechanisms of action that may explain the antiviral properties
of H2S. Some early clinical findings indicate a negative correlation between endogenous
H2S concentrations and COVID-19 intensity. Therefore, reusing H2S-releasing
drugs could represent a curative option for COVID-19 therapy.