bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of toxic effects of 5 macrofungi against Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Li Jinzhe , Huang Yaqin , Wang Dezhi , Zhu Nailiang , Qiao Xinrong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Traditional chemical pesticides pose potential threats to human health, the environment, and food safety, and there is an urgent need to develop botanical pesticides that are easily degradable, renewable, and environmentally compatible. This research serves to detect the lethal impacts of Amanita pantherina(DC.:Fr) Schrmm.(Agaricales, Amanitaceae, Amanita), Amanita virgineoides Bas (Agaricales, Amanitaceae, Amanita), Coprinus comatus (O.F.Müll.) Pers. (Agaricales, Psathyrellaceae, Coprinus), Pycnoporus cinnabarinus(Jacq.:Fr) Karst (Polyporales, Polyporaceae, Polyporus) and Phallus rubicundus (Bosc) Fr. (Phallales, Phallaceae, Phallus) on Drosophila melanogaster(Diptera, Drosophilidae, Drosophila), including their effects on lifespan, fecundity, offspring growth and developmental characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activity, peroxide content, and the gene transcription associated with signaling pathways and lifespan of D. melanogaster. The results demonstrated that they all produced lethal effects on D. melanogaster. Female flies were more sensitive to the addition of macrofungi to their diet and have a shorter survival time than male flies. The toxic activity of A. pantherina-supplemented diet was the strongest, so that the D. melanogaster in this group had no offspring. The macrofungal-supplemented diets were able to significantly reduce the activity of antioxidant enzymes, accumulate peroxidation products, up-regulatd the transcription of genes related to signaling pathways, inhibit the expression of longevity genes, reduce the lifespan and fertility of D. melanogaster. Consequently, we hypothetically suggest that medicinal C. comatus, P. cinnabarinus and P. rubicundus hold the potential to be developed into an environmentally friendly biopesticide for fly killing.
Ticks and tick-borne microbes identified through passive and active surveillance in Alaska
Authors: Hahn Micah B , Hojgaard Andrias , Disler Gale , George William , Droghini Amanda , Schlaht Renate , Durden Lance A , Coburn Sarah , Gerlach Robert , Eisen Rebecca J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Rapid environmental change in Alaska and other regions of the Arctic and sub-Arctic has raised concerns about increasing human exposure to ticks and the pathogens they carry. We tested a sample of ticks collected through a combination of passive and active surveillance from humans, domestic animals, and wildlife hosts in Alaska for a panel of the most common tick-borne pathogens in the contiguous United States to characterize the diversity of microbes present in this region. We tested 189 pooled tick samples collected in 2019-2020 for Borrelia spp., Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp., and Babesia spp. using a multiplex PCR amplicon sequencing assay. We found established populations of Ixodes angustus Neumann (Acari: Ixodidae), Ixodes uriae White (Acari: Ixodidae), and Haemaphysalis leporispalustris Packard (Acari: Ixodidae) in Alaska, with I. angustus found on a variety of hosts including domestic companion animals (dogs and cats), small wild mammals, and humans. Ixodes angustus were active from April through October with peaks in adult and nymphal activity observed in summer months (mainly July). Although no known human pathogens were detected, Babesia microti-like parasites and candidatus Ehrlichia khabarensis were identified in ticks and small mammals. The only human pathogen detected (B. burgdorferi s.s.) was found in a tick associated with a dog that had recently traveled to New York, where Lyme disease is endemic. This study highlights the value of a combined passive and active tick surveillance system to detect introduced tick species and pathogens and to assess which tick species and microbes are locally established.
Neutrophilic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Severity in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Omar Mona A , El Hawary Rabab , Eldash Alia , Sadek Khaled M , Soliman Neveen A , Hanna Mariam Onsy F , Shawky Shereen M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
While we strive to live with SARS-CoV-2, defining the immune response that leads to recovery rather than severe disease remains highly important. COVID-19 has been associated with inflammation and a profoundly suppressed immune response.

Objective
To study myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which are potent immunosuppressive cells, in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results
Patients with severe and critical COVID-19 showed higher frequencies of neutrophilic (PMN)–MDSCs than patients with moderate illness and control individuals (P = .005). Severe disease in individuals older and younger than 60 years was associated with distinct PMN-MDSC frequencies, being predominantly higher in patients of 60 years of age and younger (P = .004). However, both age groups showed comparable inflammatory markers. In our analysis for the prediction of poor outcome during hospitalization, MDSCs were not associated with increased risk of death. Still, patients older than 60 years of age (odds ratio [OR] = 5.625; P = .02) with preexisting medical conditions (OR = 2.818; P = .003) showed more severe disease and worse outcome. Among the immunological parameters, increased C-reactive protein (OR = 1.015; P = .04) and lymphopenia (OR = 5.958; P = .04) strongly identified patients with poor prognosis.

Conclusion
PMN-MDSCs are associated with disease severity in COVID-19; however, MDSC levels do not predict increased risk of death during hospitalization.
Clinical impacts of the rapid diagnostic method on positive blood cultures
Authors: Tsai Ya-Wen , Zhang Bin , Chou Hsiu-Yin , Chen Hung-Jui , Hsu Yu-Chi , Shiue Yow-Ling 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of short-term incubation (STI) protocol on clinical outcomes of bloodstream infection (BSI) patients.

Methods
A total of 1363 positive blood culture records from January 2019 to December 2021 were included. The main clinical outcomes included pathogen identification turnaround time (TAT), antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) TAT, and length of total hospital stay.

Results
The TAT of pathogen identification and AST significantly decreased after implementing the STI protocol (2.2 vs 1.4 days and 3.4 vs 2.5 days, respectively, with P &lt; .001 for both). Moreover, for patients with Gram-negative bacteria (GNB)–infected BSIs, the length of total hospital stay decreased from 31.9 days to 27.1 days, indicating that these patients could be discharged 5 days earlier after implementing the STI protocol (P &lt; .01).

Conclusion
The protocol led to a significant reduction in TAT and improved clinical outcomes, particularly for GNB organisms. The findings suggest that the STI protocol can improve patient outcomes and hospital resource utilization in the management of BSIs.
Measurement of stellar and substellar winds using white dwarf hosts
Authors: Walters N , Farihi J , Dufour P , Pineda J S , Izzard R G 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
White dwarfs stars are known to be polluted by their active planetary systems, but little attention has been paid to the accretion of wind from low-mass companions. The capture of stellar or substellar wind by white dwarfs is one of few methods available to astronomers which can assess mass-loss rates from unevolved stars and brown dwarfs, and the only known method to extract their chemical compositions. In this work, four white dwarfs with closely orbiting, L-type brown dwarf companions are studied to place limits on the accretion of a substellar wind, with one case of a detection, and at an extremely non-solar abundance mNa/mCa &gt; 900. The mass-loss rates and upper limits are tied to accretion in the white dwarfs, based on limiting cases for how the wind is captured, and compared with known cases of wind pollution from close M dwarf companions, which manifest in solar proportions between all elements detected. For wind captured in a Bondi–Hoyle flow, mass-loss limits $\dot{M}\lesssim 5\times 10^{-17}$ ${\rm M}_\odot \, {\rm yr}^{-1}$ are established for three L dwarfs, while for M dwarfs polluting their hosts, winds in the range 10−13−10−16 ${\rm M}_\odot \, {\rm yr}^{-1}$ are found. The latter compares well with the $\dot{M}\sim 10^{-13} {\!-\!} 10^{-15}$ ${\rm M}_\odot \, {\rm yr}^{-1}$ estimates obtained for nearby, isolated M dwarfs using Ly$\alpha$ to probe their astropsheres. These results demonstrate that white dwarfs are highly sensitive stellar and substellar wind detectors, where further work on the actual captured wind flow is needed.
Direct observations of the atomic-molecular phase transition in the Milky Way’s nuclear wind
Authors: Noon Karlie A , Krumholz Mark R , Di Teodoro Enrico M , McClure-Griffiths Naomi M , Lockman Felix J , Armillotta Lucia 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Hundreds of high-velocity atomic gas clouds exist above and below the Galactic Centre, with some containing a molecular component. However, the origin of these clouds in the Milky Way’s wind is unclear. This paper presents new high-resolution MeerKAT observations of three atomic gas clouds and studies the relationship between the atomic and molecular phases at ∼1 pc scales. The clouds’ atomic hydrogen column densities, NH i, are less than a few × 1020 cm−2, but the two clouds closest to the Galactic Centre none the less have detectable CO emission. This implies the presence of H2 at levels of NH i at least a factor of ten lower than in the typical Galactic interstellar medium. For the cloud closest to the Galactic Centre, detectable CO coexists across the entire range of H i column densities. In contrast, for the intermediate cloud, detectable CO is heavily biased towards the highest values of NH i. The cloud most distant from the Galactic Centre has no detectable CO at similar NH i values. Moreover, we find that the two clouds with detectable CO are too molecule-rich to be in chemical equilibrium, given the depths of their atomic shielding layers, which suggests a scenario whereby these clouds consist of pre-existing molecular gas from the disc that the Galactic wind has swept up, and that is dissociating into atomic hydrogen as it flows away from the Galaxy. We estimate that entrained molecular material of this type has a ∼few − 10 Myr lifetime before photodissociating.
The MPIfR–MeerKAT Galactic Plane Survey – I. System set-up and early results
Authors: Padmanabh P V , Barr E D , Sridhar S S , Rugel M R , Damas-Segovia A , Jacob A M , Balakrishnan V , Berezina M , Bernadich M C , Brunthaler A , Champion D J , Freire P C C , Khan S , Klöckner H-R , Kramer M , Ma Y K , Mao S A , Men Y P , Menten K M , Sengupta S , Venkatraman Krishnan V , Wucknitz O , Wyrowski F , Bezuidenhout M C , Buchner S , Burgay M , Chen W , Clark C J , Künkel L , Nieder L , Stappers B , Legodi L S , Nyamai M M 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Galactic plane radio surveys play a key role in improving our understanding of a wide range of astrophysical phenomena. Performing such a survey using the latest interferometric telescopes produces large data rates necessitating a shift towards fully or quasi-real-time data analysis with data being stored for only the time required to process them. We present here the overview and set-up for the 3000-h Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIfR)–MeerKAT Galactic Plane Survey (MMGPS). The survey is unique by operating in a commensal mode, addressing key science objectives of the survey including the discovery of new pulsars and transients and studies of Galactic magnetism, the interstellar medium and star formation rates. We explain the strategy coupled with the necessary hardware and software infrastructure needed for data reduction in the imaging, spectral, and time domains. We have so far discovered 78 new pulsars including 17 confirmed binary systems of which two are potential double neutron star systems. We have also developed an imaging pipeline sensitive to the order of a few tens of micro-Jansky ($\mu{\rm Jy}$) with a spatial resolution of a few arcseconds. Further science operations with an in-house built S-band receiver operating between 1.7 and 3.5 GHz are about to commence. Early spectral line commissioning observations conducted at S-band, targeting transitions of the key molecular gas tracer CH at 3.3 GHz already illustrate the spectroscopic capabilities of this instrument. These results lay a strong foundation for future surveys with telescopes like the Square Kilometre Array (SKA).
Coronal line forest AGN - II. Analysis of the spectral energy distribution
Authors: Cerqueira-Campos F C , Rodríguez-Ardila A , Panda S , Riffel R , Dahmer-Hahn L G , Marinello M 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Coronal-Line Forest Active Galactic Nuclei (CLiF AGN) are characterized by strong, high-ionization lines, which are in contrast to what is found in typical AGNs. Here, we carry out an infrared analysis aimed at understanding the spectral energy distribution (SED) of six sources from this group. In this work, the properties of the dusty torus for these objects are analysed. To this purpose, we infer the physical and geometrical properties of the dust structure that surrounds the central region by fitting with models, the SED of CLiF AGNs in the infrared. For this analysis, we compare the results of three models: clumpy, skirtor, and cat3d-wind. Using the Bayesian information criterion, skirtor was found to have the most robust fit to the SEDs in five out of six galaxies. The remaining object was best fitted with clumpy. The results indicate that these objects are preferentially Type I sources, supporting the detection of broad components in the permitted lines, likely associated with the broad-line region in the near-infrared spectra. The best SED fitting indicates that the line of sight gives access to the view of the central source for these objects, but the amount of dusty clouds in the same direction is high, suggesting the hypothesis that they obscure the emission of the continuum produced by the central source and that the obscuration makes the coronal lines to not overlap with the continuum.
Return of the forgotten hero: the role of Y chromosome-encodedZfyin male reproduction
Authors: Holmlund Hayden , Yamauchi Yasuhiro , Ruthig Victor A , Cocquet Julie , Ward Monika A 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Y-linked zinc finger gene ZFY is conserved across eutherians and is known to be a critical fertility factor in some species. The initial studies of the mouse homologues, Zfy1 and Zfy2, were performed using mice with spontaneous Y chromosome mutations and Zfy transgenes. These studies revealed that Zfy is involved in multiple processes during spermatogenesis, including removal of germ cells with unpaired chromosomes and control of meiotic sex chromosome inactivation during meiosis I, facilitating the progress of meiosis II, promoting spermiogenesis, and improving assisted reproduction outcomes. Zfy was also identified as a key gene in Y chromosome evolution, protecting this chromosome from extinction by serving as the executioner responsible for meiosis surveillance. Studies with targeted Zfy knock-outs revealed that mice lacking both homologues have severe spermatogenic defects and are infertile. Based on protein structure and in vitro assays, Zfy is expected to drive spermatogenesis as a transcriptional regulator. The combined evidence documents that the presence of at least one Zfy homologue is required for male fertility and that Zfy2 plays a more prominent role. This knowledge reinforces the importance of these factors for mouse spermatogenesis and informs our understanding of the human ZFY variants, which are homologous to the mouse Zfy1 and Zfy2.
A critical spotlight on the paradigms of FFPE-DNA sequencing
Authors: Steiert Tim A , Parra Genís , Gut Marta , Arnold Norbert , Trotta Jean-Rémi , Tonda Raúl , Moussy Alice , Gerber Zuzana , Abuja Peter M , Zatloukal Kurt , Röcken Christoph , Folseraas Trine , Grimsrud Marit M , Vogel Arndt , Goeppert Benjamin , Roessler Stephanie , Hinz Sebastian , Schafmayer Clemens , Rosenstiel Philip , Deleuze Jean-François , Gut Ivo G , Franke Andre , Forster Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the late 19th century, formalin fixation with paraffin-embedding (FFPE) of tissues was developed as a fixation and conservation method and is still used to this day in routine clinical and pathological practice. The implementation of state-of-the-art nucleic acid sequencing technologies has sparked much interest for using historical FFPE samples stored in biobanks as they hold promise in extracting new information from these valuable samples. However, formalin fixation chemically modifies DNA, which potentially leads to incorrect sequences or misinterpretations in downstream processing and data analysis. Many publications have concentrated on one type of DNA damage, but few have addressed the complete spectrum of FFPE-DNA damage. Here, we review mitigation strategies in (I) pre-analytical sample quality control, (II) DNA repair treatments, (III) analytical sample preparation and (IV) bioinformatic analysis of FFPE-DNA. We then provide recommendations that are tested and illustrated with DNA from 13-year-old liver specimens, one FFPE preserved and one fresh frozen, applying target-enriched sequencing. Thus, we show how DNA damage can be compensated, even when using low quantities (50 ng) of fragmented FFPE-DNA (DNA integrity number 2.0) that cannot be amplified well (Q129 bp/Q41 bp = 5%). Finally, we provide a checklist called ‘ERROR-FFPE-DNA’ that summarises recommendations for the minimal information in publications required for assessing fitness-for-purpose and inter-study comparison when using FFPE samples.
Surveillance of 3′ mRNA cleavage during transcription termination requires CF IB/Hrp1
Authors: Li Jing , Querl Luisa , Coban Ivo , Salinas Gabriela , Krebber Heike 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
CF IB/Hrp1 is part of the cleavage and polyadenylation factor (CPF) and cleavage factor (CF) complex (CPF–CF), which is responsible for 3′ cleavage and maturation of pre-mRNAs. Although Hrp1 supports this process, its presence is not essential for the cleavage event. Here, we show that the main function of Hrp1 in the CPF–CF complex is the nuclear mRNA quality control of proper 3′ cleavage. As such, Hrp1 acts as a nuclear mRNA retention factor that hinders transcripts from leaving the nucleus until processing is completed. Only after proper 3′ cleavage, which is sensed through contacting Rna14, Hrp1 recruits the export receptor Mex67, allowing nuclear export. Consequently, its absence results in the leakage of elongated mRNAs into the cytoplasm. If cleavage is defective, the presence of Hrp1 on the mRNA retains these elongated transcripts until they are eliminated by the nuclear exosome. Together, we identify Hrp1 as the key quality control factor for 3′ cleavage.
Anticaries properties of natural berries: systematic literature review
Authors: García-Manríquez Natalia , Lozano Carla , Muñoz Ana , Morales María Fernanda , Giacaman Rodrigo A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Context
Anticariogenic properties have been ascribed to polyphenolic compounds present in high concentrations in numerous fruits. Berries, in particular, have been reported as potentially having an inhibitory effect on the dental biofilm and subsequently on caries, but the evidence is unclear.

Objective
The objective of this review was to explore the literature and summarize the evidence for berries having an inhibitory effect on the dental biofilm and an anticariogenic effect.

Data Sources
Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, the PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases were scanned using predefined and accessible terms, with a search strategy based on a structured PICO question.

Data Extraction
After article selection, 23 studies met the inclusion criteria, most of them being in vitro studies. A risk assessment was performed, and data were extracted and presented in a table for qualitative analysis.

Data Analysis
Meta-analyses were conducted using standardized mean differences (SMDs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) by Review manager 5.4.

Results
Only 3 types of berries were found to have a reported anticaries effect: grape seed extract (GSE), cranberry, and sour cherry. Nine studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were subjected to quantitative analysis. Meta-analyses showed GSE was associated with enhanced remineralization of dental enamel (SMD = .96 95% CI [.45, 1.46], P &lt; .0002) and of dentin (SMD = .65 95% CI [.13, 1.17], P = .01). Cranberry extracts positively influenced the cariogenic dental biofilm by decreasing the biofilm biomass (SMD = –2.23 95% CI [–4.40, –.05], P = .04), and biovolume (SMD = –2.86 95% CI [–4.34, –1.37], P = .0002), and increasing the biofilm pH (SMD = 7.9 95% CI [3.49, 12.31], P &lt; .0004).

Conclusion
Within the limitations of this systematic review and metaanalysis, GSE and cranberries or their active compounds could represent an alternative for caries management. Further clinical trials are needed to verify this effect in a clinical setting.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020223579.
Botanical, nutritional, phytochemical characteristics, and potential health benefits of murici (Byrsonima crassifolia) and taperebá (Spondias mombin): insights from animal and cell culture models
Authors: Almeida Carolina O R P , Martinez Raquel M , Figueiredo Mariana S , Teodoro Anderson J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Brazil has great biodiversity, and the Amazon biome stands out for a variety of native fruits with high economic and nutritional potential. Murici (Byrsonima crassifolia) and taperebá (Spondias mombin) are sources of vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals with potential health benefits. Because of the bioactive potential of these Brazilian fruits, this review aims to gather the most current existing knowledge about their botanical, nutritional, and phytochemical properties, because the presence of several bioactive compounds may bring promising strategies to the prevention and treatment of several diseases. The search was conducted of the LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Science Direct databases, considering articles published between 2010 and 2023. The compiled results showed that these fruits, their leaves, and seeds have great antioxidant activity and are a good source of phytochemicals, especially phenolic compounds. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that these bioactive compounds have several health benefits related to the prevention or treatment of diseases, including antioxidant effects; anti-inflammatory effects; and antidiabetic, antidepressant, neuroprotective, antiproliferative, anticancer, hypolipemic, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective effects, and they are particularly related to the reduction of damage from oxidative stress. This review highlights the potential of these fruits as functional foods and for therapeutic purposes. However, it is recommended to conduct more studies on the identification and quantification of phytochemicals present in these fruits and studies in humans to better understand the mechanisms of action related to their effects and to understand the interaction of these compounds with the human body, as well as to prove the safety and efficacy of these compounds on health.