bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cardiovascular Manifestations Following COVID‐19
Authors: Tijmes Felipe Sanchez , Marschner Constantin , Thavendiranathan Paaladinesh , Hanneman Kate 
Published: March 2023

Globally, over 650 million people have had COVID‐19 due to infection with the SARS‐Cov‐2 virus. Cardiac complications in the acute infectious and early recovery phase were recognized early in the pandemic, including myocardial injury and inflammation. With a decrease in the number of acute COVID‐19 related deaths, there has been increased interest in postacute sequela of COVID‐19 (PASC) and other longer‐term cardiovascular complications. A proportion of patients recovered from COVID‐19 have persistent cardiac symptoms and are at risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular imaging, including MRI, plays an important role in the detection of cardiovascular manifestations of COVID‐19 in both the acute and longer‐term phases after COVID‐19. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of cardiovascular imaging in the diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with acute and chronic cardiovascular manifestations of COVID‐19 with a focus on cardiac MRI.Evidence Level4.Technical EfficacyStage 3.
Monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak during COVID‐19 pandemic—Past and the future
Authors: Aden Durre , Zaheer Sufian , Kumar Rohit , Ranga Sunil 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMonkeypox infection (Mpox) is caused by the Orthopoxvirus (OPXV) genus of the Poxviridae family, closely resembling its more famous sibling smallpox. Recently World Health Organization (WHO), have renamed monkeypox as Mpox citing racial concerns, so we will be referring to monkeypox as Mpox. There has been a recent outbreak in May 2022 when Mpox cases were identified in all six WHO regions. On July 23, 2022, WHO declared it a public health emergency. Before the current outbreak, Mpox had been reported in people from several parts of central and west African countries; and almost all Mpox cases in people outside of Africa were linked to international travel to countries where the disease commonly occurs or through imported animals. With the waning of smallpox vaccine‐induced immunity, Mpox can spread in the global population. Though the virus generally does not cause high mortality in immunocompetent individuals, however, severe disease and mortality may result if the virus spreads to immunocompromised individuals, children, elderly individuals, pregnant women, and individuals living with comorbidities such as diabetes. The current transmission was suspected to have occurred through sexual activity in 95% of the persons with infection. It was found that 98% of the persons with infection were either gay or bisexual men, with 41% suffering from HIV infection. The reasons behind this current epidemiological behavior have to be studied further to formulate a hypothesis that, is it the homosexuals who need to be more concerned or is it a global concern, and is monkeypox changing its behaviour to a sexually transmitted infection? The rash, along with associated lymphadenopathy, is a clue toward Mpox infection, but polymerase chain reaction is needed for the confirmative diagnosis. With the discovery of a vaccine, repurposed antivirals, and precautionary steps to prevent the spread of infection, it might help in the containment of the virus. In addition, what we already know about Mpox has to be re‐evaluated, because most of the information gathered is from low‐resource settings in Africa. The world at large and health care agencies specifically needs to galvanize a well‐funded global plan and research initiatives to contain the spread of Mpox. In this article, we have attempted to make the readers aware of the biology, etiopathogenesis including the changes at the cellular level the virus is causing, the changing trends of the virus transmission, and the clinical manifestations. We have also attempted to elaborate on the potential challenges and the need for early diagnosis and containment of this Mpox outbreak. This could be achieved by effectieve use of vaccination and taking social safety measures, especially by the communities at risk.
Effect of bias voltage on the microstructure and high‐temperature steam oxidation behavior of Cr coatings prepared by multi‐arc plating on Zircaloy‐4 alloy
Authors: Ning Yi , Zhu Pengzhou , Huang Weijiu , Ruan Haibo , Wang Junjun , Liao Haiyan , Zhang Tengfei , Xu Xiangkong , Xu Meng , Yin Shangyi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCr coatings were deposited on the Zircaloy‐4 alloy by multi‐arc ion plating under different bias voltages from −50 to −110 V, and the microstructure, mechanical properties, and high‐temperature steam oxidation behavior of these coatings were systematically investigated. The results indicate that the bias voltage significantly affects the crystal orientation, surface morphology, deposition rate, nanohardness, and bonding strength of Cr coating on the Zircaloy‐4 alloy. The high‐temperature oxidation behavior of the Cr coating is closely related to its crystallographic orientation. Compared with the Cr coating with relatively random grain orientations, the Cr coating with (211) preferred orientation has a dense and uniform oxide scale and has the best oxidation resistance in the steam environment at 1200°C.
An overview of the Canadian nuclear waste corrosion program
Authors: Binns Wilfred Jeffrey , Behazin Mehran , Briggs Scott , Keech Peter G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOver the past decade, the Nuclear Waste Management Organization has conducted a thorough proof test plan (PTP) to evaluate their novel copper‐coated used fuel container and bentonite buffer box underground emplacement concept for use in a deep geological repository (DGR). This PTP has included the development of new technologies as well as feasibility studies related to engineered barrier production, underground emplacement, and safety assessment of the technologies within a DGR. Although the PTP was winding down in 2022, many work packages continue, particularly those associated with the evaluation of the corrosion performance of the used fuel container, the Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO)'s copper corrosion allowance. This work evaluates the extent of corrosion that may result from oxic‐, radiolytic‐, anoxic‐, and sulfide‐induced corrosion which may occur in the Canadian DGR. Particular attention is paid to assessing the potential for localized corrosion phenomena across each project. This article provides an overview of these work packages which support a lifetime corrosion expectation of 270 µm and an extreme upper bound of corrosion of 1204 µm over one million years.
Noncoding RNAs as regulators of STAT3 pathway in gastrointestinal cancers: Roles in cancer progression and therapeutic response
Authors: Ashrafizadeh Milad , Mohan Chakrabhavi D. , Rangappa Shobith , Zarrabi Ali , Hushmandi Kiavash , Kumar Alan Prem , Sethi Gautam , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGastrointestinal (GI) tumors (cancers of the esophagus, gastric, liver, pancreas, colon, and rectum) contribute to a large number of deaths worldwide. STAT3 is an oncogenic transcription factor that promotes the transcription of genes associated with proliferation, antiapoptosis, survival, and metastasis. STAT3 is overactivated in many human malignancies including GI tumors which accelerates tumor progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Research in recent years demonstrated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a major role in the regulation of many signaling pathways including the STAT3 pathway. The major types of endogenous ncRNAs that are being extensively studied in oncology are microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs. These ncRNAs can either be tumor‐promoters or tumor‐suppressors and each one of them imparts their activity via different mechanisms. The STAT3 pathway is also tightly modulated by ncRNAs. In this article, we have elaborated on the tumor‐promoting role of STAT3 signaling in GI tumors. Subsequently, we have comprehensively discussed the oncogenic as well as tumor suppressor functions and mechanism of action of ncRNAs that are known to modulate STAT3 signaling in GI cancers.
High isolation 4‐port MIMO sloted antenna for Sub‐6 GHz wireless applications
Authors: Ren Yong‐Li , Du Cheng‐Zhu , You Xin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAiming at the application of Sub‐6 GHz band, this paper presents a high isolation four‐port MIMO slot antenna with CPW feeding mode. About this antenna, two parallel binary antennas are oppositely arranged with connected ground, and isolation branches are adopted to improve isolation. Each element antenna is realized through elliptical shape patch and trident structure feed line. The measured results show that its working frequency band is 1.82–6.5 GHz band, with ports isolation less than −20 dB. In addition, its other performance parameters are good, such as gain of 7.03 dB and ECC parameter below 0.004, and CCL is less than 0.3 bps/Hz. The antenna has high isolation and it can not only work in the mobile communication frequency bands such as n41, n77, n78, and n79, but also work in the frequency band of the IoT, such as WiFi5, V2X, and DSRC.
Towards fast adaptive replanning by constrained reoptimization for intra‐fractional non‐periodic motion during robotic SBRT
Authors: Gerlach Stefan , Hofmann Theresa , Fürweger Christoph , Schlaefer Alexander 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeriodic and slow target motion is tracked by synchronous motion of the treatment beams in robotic stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). However, spontaneous, non‐periodic displacement or drift of the target may completely change the treatment geometry. Simple motion compensation is not sufficient to guarantee the best possible treatment, since relative motion between the target and organs at risk (OARs) can cause substantial deviations of dose in the OARs. This is especially evident when considering the temporally heterogeneous dose delivery by many focused beams which is typical for robotic SBRT. Instead, a reoptimization of the remaining treatment plan after a large target motion during the treatment could potentially reduce the actually delivered dose to OARs and improve target coverage. This reoptimization task, however, is challenging due to time constraints and limited human supervision.PurposeTo study the detrimental effect of spontaneous target motion relative to surrounding OARs on the delivered dose distribution and to analyze how intra‐fractional constrained replanning could improve motion compensated robotic SBRT of the prostate.MethodsWe solve the inverse planning problem by optimizing a linear program. When considering intra‐fractional target motion resulting in a change of geometry, we adapt the linear program to account for the changed dose coefficients and delivered dose. We reduce the problem size by only reweighting beams from the reference treatment plan without motion. For evaluation we simulate target motion and compare our approach for intra‐fractional replanning to the conventional compensation by synchronous beam motion. Results are generated retrospectively on data of 50 patients.ResultsOur results show that reoptimization can on average retain or improve coverage in case of target motion compared to the reference plan without motion. Compared to the conventional compensation, coverage is improved from 87.83 % to 94.81 % for large target motion. Our approach for reoptimization ensures fixed upper constraints on the dose even after motion, enabling safer intra‐fraction adaption, compared to conventional motion compensation where overdosage in OARs can lead to 21.79 % higher maximum dose than planned. With an average reoptimization time of 6 s for 200 reoptimized beams our approach shows promising performance for intra‐fractional application.ConclusionsWe show that intra‐fractional constrained reoptimization for adaption to target motion can improve coverage compared to the conventional approach of beam translation while ensuring that upper dose constraints on VOIs are not violated.
Recovery strategies, a posteriori error estimation, and local error indication for second‐order G/XFEM and FEM
Authors: Bento Murilo H. C. , Proença Sergio P. B. , Duarte C. Armando 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article presents a computationally efficient and straightforward to implement a posteriori error estimator for second‐order G/XFEM and FEM approximations. The formulation is based on the recently proposed block‐diagonal Zienkiewicz–Zhu (ZZ‐BD) a posteriori error estimator. The focus is on linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) problems but the proposed error estimator formulation is general and can be adapted to other types of problems such as those involving material interfaces. The proposed ZZ‐BD error estimator is based on a new strategy to recover stress fields from second‐order G/XFEM and FEM approximations. This recovery procedure involves locally weighted projections of raw stresses on an approximation space for discontinuous and singular stress fields. The basis functions for these stress approximations are defined using a low‐order partition of unity together with polynomial, discontinuous, and singular recovery enrichment functions. These singular enrichments are provided by the gradient of G/XFEM enrichments for LEFM problems and are, thus, available in most G/XFEM implementations. They also lead to a more computationally efficient stress recovery procedure than the one in the original ZZ‐BD error estimator. The adopted G/XFEM are optimally convergent with the error in the energy norm of . Numerical experiments show that the error of the recovered stress field converges at the same rate as the discretization error. They also show that the effectivity index of the error estimator is close to the unity and that it provides good local error indicators for mesh adaptivity algorithms. Second‐order FEM for elasticity problems is a special case of the G/XFEM adopted here. This is exploited to define a block‐diagonal ZZ error estimator for the FEM as a special case of the proposed estimator for the G/XFEM. This brings the computational efficiency, simplicity, and accuracy of the ZZ‐BD error estimator, originally developed for the G/XFEM, to second‐order standard FEM.
Immunochromatographic assay for miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol, its cross‐reactivity, and application in Pueraria mirifica (white Kwao Krua) analysis
Authors: Chuphol Natthapon , Nokkaew Nuttikarn , Makkliang Fonthip , Sae‐Foo Worapol , Phaisan Suppalak , Putalun Waraporn , Sakamoto Seiichi , Yusakul Gorawit 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionMiroestrol (Mi) and deoxymiroestrol (Dmi) are trace, yet potent, phytooestrogens found in white Kwao Krua [Pueraria candollei var. mirifica (Airy Shaw & Suvat.) Niyomdham, PM]. However, the analysis of these substances is difficult because of complex matrix effects and their various analogues. In addition, alteration in the cross‐reactivity of a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)‐based immunochromatographic assay (ICA) resulting from the electrostatic adsorption between antibodies and AuNPs has not yet been evaluated.ObjectivesThis study aims to develop, characterise, and validate ICA with a monoclonal antibody exhibiting similar reactivity against Mi and Dmi (MD‐mAb).Materials and MethodsThe ICA performance was validated for cross‐reactivity and performance in comparison with those of indirect competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (icELISAs) with MD‐mAb and mAb exhibiting specificity against Mi (Mi‐mAb).ResultsThe ICA showed a limit of detection (LOD) at 1 and 16 μg/mL for Mi and Dmi, respectively. The cross‐reactivity of the ICA with Dmi was lower (6.25%) than that observed with the icELISA (120%). Cross‐reactivity of ICA against other compounds of the PM was also correlated with those of icELISA; no false‐positive/negative results were observed. The repeatability and reproducibility of the ICA were confirmed. The results obtained using ICA in samples of PM are correlated with the concentrations determined through icELISAs.ConclusionAn ICA with MD‐mAb was constructed and validated. However, direct conjugation via the electrostatic adsorption of mAb‐AuNPs was expected to alter the cross‐reactivity of ICA, especially that of the analyte analogue Dmi.
Synthesis of new biobased benzoxazine through green strategy and its polybenzoxazine resin with high thermal resistance and mechanical strength
Authors: Liu Yuqi , Yuan Li , Liang Guozheng , Gu Aijuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBenzoxazine resins from benzoxazine monomers synthesized with green strategies often do not have high thermal resistance and mechanical strength. Herein, starting from renewable resources citraconic anhydride, furfurylamine and tyramine, a new benzoxazine monomer (CT‐fa) was synthesized and purified in green solvents (ethanol and ethyl acetate), which has excellent molding processability reflected by low melting point (84.9 °C) and low curing temperature (207–245 °C). More attractively, the curedCT‐faresin (poly(CT‐fa)) has both high glass transition temperature (281 °C) and high initial thermal decomposition temperature (407 °C), the former is higher than those of all monofunctional benzoxazine resins synthesized though green strategies in literature, and the latter is even higher than those of all benzoxazine resins synthesized by green strategies (SCI database). In addition,poly(CT‐fa)also has high storage modulus (3955 MPa) and good tensile strength (51.60 MPa). These attractive properties demonstrate thatpoly(CT‐fa)is a promising green high performance resins.
A rare case of Rosai–Dorfman disease presenting as a pulmonary artery mass in a 33‐year‐old female with hypoxia
Authors: Dronamraju Veena , McSurdy Kaitlyn , Graham Ryan , Rali Parth , Kumaran Maruti , Proca Daniela , Lashari Bilal , Toyoda Yoshiya , Gupta Rohit 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare form of non‐Langerhans histiocytosis. It is often idiopathic in etiology, but has been associated with viral, autoimmune, and malignant disease. Adequate diagnosis of RDD requires a combination of clinical symptoms, radiography, and histology. Most commonly, patients with RDD present with cervical lymphadenopathy. We describe a case of a young female who was initially thought to have a pulmonary embolism at the time of a COVID‐19 infection but was noted to have a rare occurrence of RDD presenting as a pulmonary artery mass upon further evaluation of radiology and histology. Though RDD is frequently benign, extranodal involvement can progress to end organ damage and must be recognized appropriately.
Linear Optical Universal Quantum Gates with Higher Success Probabilities
Authors: Liu Wen‐Qiang , Wei Hai‐Rui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUniversal quantum gates lie at the heart of designing quantum computer. Here two compact quantum circuits for implementing post‐selected controlled‐phase‐flip (CPF) gate and Toffoli gate with linear optics are constructed assisted by one and two single photons, respectively. The current existing maximum success probability of 1/4 for linear optical CPF gate is achieved by resorting to an ancillary single photon rather than an entangled photon pair or two single photons. Remarkably, the presented Toffoli gate is accomplished with current maximum success probability of 1/30 and unity fidelity in principle, without using additional entangled photon pairs and the standard decomposition‐based approach. Linear optical implementations of the presented two universal gates are feasible and economical under current technology, and provide a potential application in large‐scale optical quantum computing.
Charge‐State‐Enhanced Ion Sputtering of Metallic Gold Nanoislands
Authors: Szabo Gabriel L. , Jany Benedykt R. , Muckenhuber Helmut , Niggas Anna , Lehner Markus , Janas Arkadiusz , Szabo Paul S. , Gan Ziyang , George Antony , Turchanin Andrey , Krok Franciszek , Wilhelm Richard A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExperimental results on the charge‐state‐dependent sputtering of metallic gold nanoislands are presented. Irradiations with slow highly charged ions of metallic targets were previously considered to show no charge state dependent effects on ion‐induced material modification, since these materials possess enough free electrons to dissipate the deposited potential energy before electron‐phonon coupling can set in. By reducing the size of the target material down to the nanometer regime and thus enabling a geometric energy confinement, a possibility is demonstrated to erode metallic surfaces by charge state related effects in contrast to regular kinetic sputtering.
Work and Learning in the Adult Education Sector: A Cross Country Comparative View
Authors: Clancy Sharon , Hefler Günter , Rapanà Francesca , Steinheimer Eva , Studená Ivana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe adult learning sector is particularly diverse. Evidence on how its employees access workplace learning is very limited. Focussing on learning by early career teaching staff, using evidence from eight case studies across four countries (Austria, Italy, Slovakia and the UK) and different sub-fields (from providing basic skills training to corporate sector management courses), the chapter reveals that while staff have high levels of skill, their conditions vary significantly. In general, adult learning teachers’ jobs emphasise self-directed learning and professionalism, and novices’ career pathways are poorly structured. The learning-conduciveness of available work varies significantly; this cannot be attributed only to the type of services provided but also reflects organisational agency. Work organisation and human resource practices affect adult education teachers’ learning experiences, in early career and beyond.
Participation of Vulnerable Young Labour Market Groups in Job-Related Training: The Effect of Macro-structural and Institutional Characteristics
Authors: Saar Ellu , Roosmaa Eve-Liis , Martma Liisa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter focuses on why two groups of disadvantaged young adults (the low-educated and those working in low- or medium-skilled occupations) participate—or do not—in job-related non-formal education and training. It suggests that, across occupational groups, job content is the core mechanism preventing young adults from participating. It also shows that institutional context is important: when unemployment rates are high, inequality in participation between occupational groups increases. During the post-2008 recession, investment in active labour market policies and similar measures reduced the ‘training gap’ between high-skilled and low-/medium-skilled occupations. When labour market conditions are more favourable, strong employment protection legislation appears to reduce inequalities in job-related non-formal education; during the economic crisis, however, it seems to have increased them.
Governing Adult Learning Through Influencing Public Debate: How the Media Use PIAAC Data in Denmark, Italy and the United Kingdom
Authors: Milana Marcella , Vatrella Sandra , Klatt Gosia , Rasmussen Palle , Larson Anne 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter examines how visible the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) is in widely read newspapers in Denmark, Italy, and the United Kingdom, and how those newspapers use PIAAC data. Analysing 83 articles, editorials and opinion pieces, using a common protocol, it shows that press reporting of PIAAC tends to confirm general standards for adult learning. PIAAC data and PIAAC’s ‘implicit’ benchmarking of Level 3 in adults’ performances support European standard setting in adult learning. When national governments ask international organisations to do ‘objective’ evaluations, the latter’s power is enhanced. How PIAAC data is used by different newspapers varies not only between countries but also according to the role each newspaper plays within national debates.