bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid firefly particle swarm optimisation algorithm for feature selection problems
Authors: Ragab Mahmoud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFeature selection techniques play a vital role in the processes that deal with enormous amounts of data. These techniques have become extremely crucial and necessary for data mining and machine learning problems. Researchers have always been in a race to develop and provide libraries and frameworks to standardise this procedure. In this work, we propose a hybrid meta‐heuristic algorithm to facilitate the problem of feature selection for classification problems in machine learning. It is a python based, lucid and efficient algorithm geared towards optimising and striking a balance between the number of features selected and accuracy. The proposed work is a binary hybrid of existing meta‐heuristic algorithms, the particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm, and the firefly algorithm (FA) such that it blends the best of each algorithm to provide an optimised and efficient way of solving the said problem. The suggested approach is assessed against six datasets from different domains that are publicly available at the UCI repository to demonstrate its validity. The datasets are Breast cancer, Iris, WBC, Mushroom, Glass ID, and Abalone. This approach has also been evaluated against similar, such evolutionary‐based approaches to prove its superiority. Various metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, f1 score, number of selected features, and run time have been analysed, measured, and compared. The hybrid firefly particle swarm optimisation algorithm is found to be suitable for feature selection problems.
Exploring the impact of online news sentiment and relevance on stock market risks: A signalling theory perspective
Authors: Xia Huosong , Tian Yaqi , Zhang Justin Zuopeng , Liu Yulong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBased on the frame theory and signalling theory, this article uses financial technology (fintech) to analyse online news sentiment and proposes the relevant hypothesis of the influence of news relevance on stock market risk, and conducts an empirical study on the VAR model of the stock return rate by using the news relevance and news sentiment data of the Uqer database. The results show a two‐way Granger causality between news sentiment and stock returns. News relevance is not Granger causality of yield but Granger causality of news sentiment. In addition, combined with the impulse response, variance decomposition, and relevance analysis, it is found that the news relevance degree positively affects news sentiment and then indirectly affects the stock return rate. Our findings indicate that news relevance is an essential variable in analysing online text sentiment and stock market volatility, and online news will increase the volatility of stock market risk. These results contribute to the financialization literature and guide fintech enterprises to balance market risk by combining signalling and frame theory to improve news relevance.
The effect of COVID‐19 vaccine literacy on attitudes towards COVID‐19 vaccine among university students
Authors: Durmuş Iskender Mahinur , Eren Handan , Durmuş Ayşenur 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveUniversity students are a large group of the population who should be vaccinated to prevent the spread of the pandemic. This research aimed to determine the effect of COVID‐19 vaccine literacy on the attitudes towards the COVID‐19 vaccine among university students.MethodsThis descriptive and cross‐sectional study was conducted with 2384 university students via online survey in September and October 2021. ‘Demographic Information Form’, ‘COVID‐19 Vaccine Literacy Scale’, and ‘Attitudes towards the COVID‐19 Vaccine Scale’ were used to collect the data. Data were evaluated via descriptive statistics, independent group t‐test, ANOVA, Tukey HSD, and Pearson Correlation analysis.ResultsThe mean score on the COVID‐19 Vaccine Literacy Scale was 27.26 ± 6.49 (moderate). Demographic differences that significantly affected students' vaccine literacy scales included parents' education levels (lower levels of parental education associated with higher communicative/critical vaccine literacy). Health sciences students had more positive attitudes to the COVID vaccine than students of other disciplines. The higher the level of mother's education, the more positive the student's attitude towards the vaccine, and similarly the higher the student's socio‐economic background the higher the positive attitude towards the vaccine. Examination of the relationship between the vaccine literacy scale and the attitudes towards the vaccine showed low levels of correlation.DiscussionStudents who had parents of lower education levels may have more responsibilities for explaining vaccination to their parents, thus improving their communicative/critical vaccine literacy.ConclusionA vaccine literacy scale with separate functional literacy score and critical/communicative score helps to explain some of socio‐demographic differences in students' scores, and similarly for attitude towards the COVID‐19 vaccine (positive and negative attitude sub‐scales).
RETRACTED: The effect of the cortical bone trajectory screw fixation and traditional pedicle screw fixation on surgical site wound infection in posterior lumbar fusion wound: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Mao Hanze , Wang Zhigang , Li Qiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis investigation was performed to measure the influence of cortical bone trajectory screw fixation (CBTSF) and traditional pedicle screw fixation (TPSF) on surgical site wound infection (SSWI) in posterior lumbar fusion (PLF). A comprehensive literature inspection till February 2023 was applied and 1657 interrelated investigations were reviewed. The 13 chosen investigations enclosed 1195 individuals with PLF in the chosen investigations' starting point, 578 of them were using CBTSF, and 617 were using TPSF. Odds ratio (OR) in addition to 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilised to compute the value of the effect of the CBTSF and TPSF on SSWI in PLF by the dichotomous approaches and a fixed or random model. No significant difference was found between individuals using CBTSF and TPSF in SSWI (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.35–1.33, P = .26), superficial SSWI (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.22–1.79, P = .38), and deep SSWI (OR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.06–1.50, P = .14) in PLF. No significant difference was found between individuals using CBTSF and TPSF in SSWI, superficial SSWI, and deep SSWI in PLF. However, care must be exercised when dealing with its values because of the small sample sizes of several chosen investigations for this meta‐analysis and the low number of selected investigations for a certain type of SSWI.
CuO‐modified LaNi0.4Al0.6O3−δ with improvement performance in MSR at low temperature
Authors: Li Shian , Zhang Xin , Shao Zicheng , Shen Qiuwan , Cai Zhongwen , Chen Gaokui , Yang Guogang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe novel CuO/LaNi0.4Al0.6O3−δ catalyst was synthesized by the impregnation method and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), TEM, BET, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The effects of CuO loading amount on the microstructure and the hydrogen production performance from methanol steam reforming (MSR) were investigated. Results demonstrate that the sample with 15 wt% CuO loading has the best hydrogen production performance. Furthermore, compared with the unloaded LaNi0.4Al0.6O3−δ perovskite catalysts, the methanol conversion of 15 wt% CuO/LaNi0.4Al0.6O3−δ was improved, and the catalytic temperature of MSR was reduced. LaNi0.4Al0.6O3−δ as support will form a strong interaction with Cu particles exposed on or around its surface and improve the catalytic performance. The XPS results show that the structure of LaNi0.4Al0.6O3−δ perovskite oxide is not destroyed after reduction treatment, whereas CuO is reduced to elemental Cu, which is consistent with the XRD results. The reduced catalyst has a porous structure, which helps to increase the contact area between the reaction medium and the active components. This improves the efficiency of the reaction. In addition, the optimal catalytic temperature, water–methanol ratio, and liquid hourly space velocity were determined to be 350°C, 2.5:1, and 15 h−1, respectively. Therefore, the CuO/LaNi0.4Al0.6O3−δ developed in this study is a promising catalyst for MSR applications.
High‐strength SiC joints fabricated at a low‐temperature of 1400°C using a novel low activation filler of Praseodymium
Authors: Xu Jie , Tatarko Peter , Chen Lianghao , Shan Xu , Huang Qing , Zhou Xiaobing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh‐strength SiC joints were successfully obtained by electric current field‐assisted sintering technique at a low temperature of 1400°C using a Pr coating (100 nm) as the initial joining filler. A Pr3Si2C2 transient phase was formed in situ by the interfacial reaction, while the eutectic reaction between Pr3Si2C2 and SiC at ∼1150°C resulted in the formation of a liquid phase. The liquid phase promoted the atomic diffusion at the interface and improved consolidation of the newly precipitated nano‐sized SiC with the SiC matrix. This led to the formation of partially seamless joints of SiC. When the thickness of the joining layer decreased from 1 to 100 nm, the content of the residual Pr‐O phase at the interface decreased, while the bending strength of the joints increased. A sound SiC joint with a bending strength of 227 ± 12 MPa was obtained at such a low temperature as 1400°C when a 100 nm Pr coating was applied.
Who cares? A scoping review about the experiences of parental caregivers of autistic adults
Authors: Ljungberg Malin , Schön Ulla‐Karin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe autistic population is growing and ageing and this also applies to the parents. Despite this, research about parental experiences is still relatively scarce. Even though studies show, compared with adults with other disabilities, parents of autistic adolescents and adults report a decrease in well‐being and that caregiving is often a lifelong commitment.MethodThis scoping review maps, synthesises and identifies gaps in previous research as regards the experiences of parental caregivers of adult autistic children. The review was based on Arksey and Malley's framework and six databases were searched.ResultsThe results show how the research has focused on the well‐being and consequences of daily caregiving for an American middle‐class mother who co‐resides with an adult son.ConclusionTo enhance knowledge about formal services and service needs, more research is necessary on different welfare regimes and social contexts.
Association between periodontal disease and microstructural brain alterations in the Hamburg City Health Study
Authors: Mayer Carola , Walther Carolin , Borof Katrin , Nägele Felix L. , Petersen Marvin , Schell Maximilian , Gerloff Christian , Kühn Simone , Heydecke Guido , Beikler Thomas , Cheng Bastian , Thomalla Götz , Aarabi Ghazal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the PAROBRAIN study was to examine the association of periodontal health with microstructural white matter integrity and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) in the Hamburg City Health Study, a large population‐based cohort with dental examination and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and MethodsPeriodontal health was determined by measuring clinical attachment loss (CAL) and plaque index. Additionally, the decayed/missing/filled teeth (DMFT) index was quantified. 3D‐FLAIR and 3D‐T1‐weighted images were used for white matter hyperintensity (WMH) segmentation. Diffusion‐weighted MRI was used to quantify peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD).ResultsData from 2030 participants were included in the analysis. Median age was 65 years, with 43% female participants. After adjusting for age and sex, an increase in WMH load was significantly associated with more CAL, higher plaque index and higher DMFT index. PSMD was significantly associated with the plaque index and DMFT. Additional adjustment for education and cardiovascular risk factors revealed a significant association of PSMD with plaque index (p < .001) and DMFT (p < .01), whereas effects of WMH load were attenuated (p > .05).ConclusionsThese findings suggest an adverse effect of periodontal health on CSVD and white matter integrity. Further research is necessary to examine whether early treatment of periodontal disease can prevent microstructural brain damage.
Uncertainty in Developmental Origins of Health and Disease research: commentary on Nomura et al. (2023)
Authors: Gilman Stephen E. , Govender Theemeshni , Augustin Diana , Yu Jing 
Published: June 2023

Nomura et al. (Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2023) reported that children whose mothers were pregnant when Superstorm Sandy struck the Eastern Seaboard of the United States had elevated risk of psychopathology. Their study leverages data from a unique cohort of children established prior to Sandy that enabled researchers to investigate children's mental health depending on their prenatal exposure to the storm. Their findings add to mounting evidence that various types of prenatal stressors instigate stress responses that are transmitted to the developing fetus and impart enduring risk for neuropsychiatric disorders.
Bioinformatics‐based analysis of mechanistic differences in vascular endothelial injury ischemic stroke induced by atrial fibrillation and atherosclerosis
Authors: Li Jia , Yang Rui , Wang Shenglin , Shen Ziyi , Wu Bowen , Ren Yu , Ke Sha , Jiang Guohui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStudies of the intracranial vasculature in patients with ischemic stroke caused by atherosclerosis (AS) and cardiac embolism have revealed significantly different degrees of AS, plaque, and vascular stenosis. And the endothelium has a great influence on the vasculature throughout the circulatory system, especially in the brain. This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic differences in endothelial injury between atrial fibrillation (AF)‐ and AS‐induced ischemic stroke. All target genes of AF, AS, and the vascular endothelial cell (VC) were obtained from the GeneCards database; the differential genes of AF and AS separately associated with the VC were established by a Venn diagram. A protein–protein interaction network was created, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases were used to perform genomic enrichment and functional enrichment analysis. Hub genes were selected by Maximal Clique Centrality algorithm ranking and correlation linkage in the STRING database, and then, clinical serum samples were used to verify the quantitative expressions in the AF, AF stroke, AS, and AS stroke groups. Fifty‐five AF‐VC‐related genes and ninety‐three AS‐VC‐related genes were screened, which differed in biological function, cellular composition, and molecular function. The genes correlation between AF and vascular endothelial cells (VCs) was KRAS and PTPN11, and those correlation between AS and VCs was IL‐4, IFNG, IL‐17A, and CSF‐2. IL‐4 and CSF‐2 may be relevant proteins involved in the differences in stroke mechanisms between AF and AS, and they may act by further influencing the function of their downstream cells. This study provides a preliminary theoretical basis for investigating the differences in mechanisms of endothelial injury between AF‐ and AS‐induced ischemic stroke.image
Frequent attenders in primary health care: a mixed‐methods study of patient and staff perspectives
Authors: Sharabani Rachel , Kagan Ilya , Cojocaru Stefan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectiveTo understand the frequent attendance phenomenon from the perspective of patients and healthcare professionals and how it can be reduced.BackgroundFrequent attenders (FAs) are characterised by the consumption of a disproportionate number of medical consultations and a high number of visits per year to primary care physicians (PCP). Although FAs constitute about 10% of all primary clinic attendees, they are responsible for ~40–50% of clinic visits, affecting the efficiency, accessibility and quality of health services provided to other patients.DesignMixed methods (STROBE Statement: Data S1; COREQ checklist: Data S2).MethodsEighteen FAs were interviewed in a qualitative approach. PCPs and nurses (n = 184) completed a cross‐sectional survey.ResultsFAs are driven by their personal, emotional and mental state. FAs viewed clinics as a source for information and resolving medical problems. They perceived PCPs as authoritative and knowledgeable, and nurses as treatment managers and mediators between PCPs and patients. In contrast, FAs evoked more negative emotions than positive ones among medical staff. PCPs and nurses attributed frequent visits to FAs' personal and emotional states. A model based on the findings was constructed to provide a framework for grasping frequent attendance from a sociological perspective and for planning and managing it.ConclusionsThe accessibility and availability of health services at primary clinics, and collaboration and trust in medical staff facilitate the frequent attendance phenomenon.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe frequent attendance phenomenon should be proactively prevented, even before patients become FA, using the model constructed, which serves as a foundation for introducing an intervention program to identify and prevent frequent attendance. PCPs and nurses working in primary care clinics should be made aware of the FA phenomenon and should be educated and given tools to deal with it within the clinic. The process should be facilitated by organisational support.Patient or Public ContributionThere was no patient or public contribution to the design or conduct of the study, analysis or interpretation of the data, or in the preparation of the manuscript.
Effect of diet composition on glandular gastric disease in horses
Authors: Julliand Samy , Buttet Marjorie , Hermange Tanguy , Hillon Patrick , Julliand Véronique 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNutritional factors are suggested to influence the incidence and severity of glandular gastric disease (GGD) in horses.ObjectivesTo retrospectively assess whether dietary fermentable carbohydrates increase the severity of GGD and to prospectively evaluate whether the partial substitution of concentrates by dehydrated alfalfa would decrease GGD severity scores.AnimalsIn total, 82 trotters from 4 training centers exercised ≥5 days/week.MethodsMulticenter retrospective observational study, and prospective 2‐arm randomized trial. Glandular mucosae were observed by gastroscopy and scored (0‐4 severity scale) at day 0 (D0). Biochemical composition of the diet fed was compared between ulcerated and nonulcerated groups. After D0, horses either received the same diet (control, n = 41) or pelleted dehydrated alfalfa substituting 50% concentrates (alfalfa, n = 41). Glandular scores were recorded in both groups after 21 (D21) and 42 days (D42). The first end point was a successful outcome, defined as a horse with a glandular score of 2 to 4 on D0, decreasing to a score of 0 to 1 on days 21 or 42.ResultsHorses scored 0 to 1 at D0 ingested more (P = .01) soluble sugars from concentrates than those scored 2 to 4 before D0 (77.5 g/kg BW; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 71.1‐84.0, vs 59.1 g/kg BW; 95% CI: 48.0‐70.3), whereas starch intake did not differ between groups (P = .24). Among horses scored 2 to 4 at D0, fewer were scored 2 to 4 in the alfalfa group (1 out of 6) compared with the control group (6 out of 6) at D42 (P = .02). Clinical success was 47.7 times more likely in horses fed alfalfa compared with horses in the control group (95% CI: 1.6‐1422.8).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceRelationships were found between diet composition and integrity of the glandular mucosa. Feeding pelleted dehydrated alfalfa could help to reduce the incidence and severity of GGD.
Researcher positionality in linguistics: Lessons from undergraduate experiences in community‐centered collaborative research
Authors: Bucholtz Mary , Campbell Eric W. , Cevallos Teresa , Cruz Veronica , Fawcett Alexia Z. , Guerrero Bethany , Lydon Katie , Mendoza Inî G. , Peters Simon L. , Reyes Basurto Griselda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearcher positionality has come into focus in a number of fields, as scholars increasingly acknowledge the impact of their lived experiences and identities on all aspects of the research process. In most areas of linguistics, however, researcher positionality remains underdiscussed, even as many linguists from dominant groups conduct research on the language of subordinated groups without community self‐determination regarding the research direction and goals. While the growing emphasis on collaborative community‐centered research overcomes some inequities, another key step toward a more inclusive linguistics is the involvement of undergraduate researchers who are members of the partner community or whose backgrounds, experiences, and identities overlap with those of community members. Such undergraduate team members can contribute special insight and knowledge to the research. This article describes the role of a mostly Latinx team of undergraduate research interns in a community language maintenance survey project as part of a collaboration between a Hispanic Serving Institution and a nonprofit organization supporting the Mexican Indigenous community on California’s Central Coast. Undergraduate interns strengthened the project by drawing connections between their own linguistic experiences and those of the survey respondents, thus enabling the research team to better support community goals. The article concludes with recommendations for centering researcher positionality in linguistics in order to produce more inclusive, just, and rigorous linguistic science.