bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meteorological Observations analysis for forewarning of exceptionally heavy rainfall over Himalayan region of India- A case study over Uttarakhand During October, 2021
Authors: Saxena Shalini 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In India, South-west monsoon winds become weak and monsoon withdrawing continuous the month of October. Rainfall during October month is the common phenomenon because October month is of transition from the rainy season to the dry winter conditions, However occasional rainfall activity continuous during the month of October. By the beginning of October 2021, the monsoon withdrew from the Northern Plains. Uttarakhand experienced exceptionally heavy rainfall, which caused floods and severe damage to the economy and human life in the state during 16–20 October, 2021. A deep westerly trough lay between longitude 65.0° E to 70.0° E and a low pressure area over east Rajasthan along with moisture incursion from Bay of Bengal as well from Arabian sea over western Himalayan region (WHR), particularly over Uttarakhand. Moisture incursion from Arabian sea is one of the important factors contributing to heavy rainfall. The case study was conducted using various meteorological observations, wind pattern and weather systems. Current year rainfall pattern and normal rainfall trend is analyzed using rainfall data for October 2021. It is observed that rainfall was received from the 13 stations and all the station of the state received rain heavier than normal rain during 3rd week of October 2021which indicates exceptionally heavy rain generally recurved during 3rd week of October. Actual vs normal rainfall showing R2 0.61 which reveals that 61% of the variability observed in the actual variable is explained by the regression model.
Akt enhances the vulnerability of cancer cells to VCP/p97 inhibition-mediated paraptosis
Authors: Choi Kyeong Sook , Lee Dong Min , Lee Hong Jae , Seo Min Ji , Kim In Young , Cho Mi-Young , Lee Hae In , Ji Jae-Hoon , Park Seok Soon , Jeong Seong-Yun , Choi Eun Kyung , Choi Yong Hyeon , Yun Chae-Ok , Yeo Mirae , Kim Eunhee 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, an AAA + ATPase that plays a pivotal role in proteostasis, is a potential therapeutic target for cancer. We report that targeting VCP preferentially kills breast cancer cells over non-transformed cells by inducing paraptosis, a non-apoptotic cell death mode accompanied by the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria dilation. We also found that the expression of oncogenic HRas sensitizes non-transformed cells to VCP inhibition-mediated paraptosis. The preferential vulnerability of cancer cells to VCP inhibition is associated with the non-attenuation and recovery of protein synthesis under proteotoxic stress. Mechanistically, mTORC2/Akt activation and eIF3d-dependent translation contribute to this translational recovery and proteotoxic stress enhancement. Additionally, the ATF4/DDIT4 axis enhances VCP inhibition-mediated paraptosis by activating Akt. Considering that hyperactive Akt counteracts chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis, VCP inhibition may offer a therapeutic opportunity to exploit Akt-associated vulnerability in cancer cells by inducing paraptosis, sparing normal cells.
Comparison of non-invasive diagnostic modalities for ocular surface squamous neoplasia at a tertiary hospital, South Africa
Authors: Hӧllhumer Roland , Michelow Pamela , Williams Susan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Aims The aim of the study is to assess non-invasive diagnostic modalities for ocular surface squamous neoplasia, when compared to histology.Methods A prospective case-control study was conducted of patients presenting with conjunctival masses to a tertiary eye hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa. Patients completed an interview and had three non-invasive diagnostic tests: optical coherence tomography, impression cytology and methylene blue stain. A biopsy with histology was performed as the gold standard to confirm the diagnosis.Results One hundred and eighty-two conjunctival masses of 175 patients were evaluated. There were 135 lesions identified as OSSN on biopsy and 47 lesions were benign on histology. Optical coherence tomography had a sensitivity and specificity of 87.2% (95% CI: 80.0–92.5) and 75.6% (95% CI: 60.5–87.1) respectively, when an epithelial thickness cut-off of 140um was used. Shadowing was found in 46% of cases due to leukoplakia or increased thickness of the mass. Cytology had a sensitivity of 72.4% (95% CI: 62.5–81.0) and specificity of 74.3% (95% CI: 56.7–87.5). Methylene blue had a high sensitivity of 91.9% (95% CI: 85.9–95.9), but low specificity of 55.3% (95% CI: 40.1–69.8).Conclusion Optical coherence tomography had a high sensitivity and specificity as a non-invasive test for the diagnosis of OSSN in our population.
Kinematics modeling of the gear-based crank mechanism engine regardless of the compressions ratio variations
Authors: Sakhraoui Amir , Saggar Maroua , Ayari Fayza , Nasri Rachid 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this work, geometric and kinematic modeling of the gear-based crank mechanism engine (GBCM) was performed. To this aim, a mechanical approach based on projective computational methods and mechanism theory laws is applied, to which a parametric study has allowed a conclusion on the geometrical and kinematic behaviors of the moving links. The study concluded that the kinematic quantities at connecting rod head are one-half of those at the piston top head. The extrinsic behavior like the stroke of the connecting rod head is twice the crank radius and the piston kinematic are identical to the conventional engine with the same crankshaft ratio regardless of the compression ratio and any gear wheel radius. Hence, all the extrinsic kinematic properties of a classic crankshaft mechanism of the fixed compression ratio engine remain valid for a gear-based crank mechanism engine and can be used for dynamic calculation purposes.
Application of the subcutaneous triptorelin stimulation test for the diagnosis of central precocious puberty
Authors: Ahn Jungmin , Lee Young In , Gim Seongmin , Jeong Hwal Rim 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test using intravenously injected gonadorelin is the gold standard for diagnosis of central precocious puberty (CPP). However, gonadorelin is not always readily available.
Objective
This study investigated the diagnostic efficacy of the subcutaneous triptorelin test and the appropriate blood sampling time for diagnosis of CPP.
Methods
We compared clinical data of patients with CPP (n = 74) and premature thelarche (PT) (n = 75) who had been diagnosed with the triptorelin stimulation test (n = 146) versus patients with CPP (n = 3) and PT (n = 37) who had been diagnosed with the gonadorelin stimulation test (n = 74). In the triptorelin test, the luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were measured 0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min (triptorelin 180 min test) and 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min (triptorelin 120 min test) after subcutaneous triptorelin injection. In the gonadorelin test, the LH and FSH levels were measured 0, 30, 45, 60, and 90 min after intravenous gonadorelin injection. The clinical parameters of CPP and PT were compared according to the type of stimulant and diagnostic method.
Results
In the triptorelin test group, girls with CPP had a more advanced bone age and higher mean Tanner stage for breast development than girls with PT, whereas in the gonadorelin test group, girls with CPP and PT were not significantly different. In addition, the triptorelin 120 min test group had higher height standard deviation scores than the gonadorelin test group. In the gonadorelin test group, all girls with CPP exhibited a peak LH response at 30 to 60 min after intravenous gonadorelin injection. In the triptorelin test group, most girls with CPP exhibited a peak LH response at > 120 min (n = 38). Among girls with PT, those in the triptorelin 120 min test group had a higher mean Tanner stage for breast development than those in the triptorelin 180 min test group.
Conclusion
The diagnostic efficacy of the triptorelin test is as high as that of the gonadorelin test in diagnosis of CPP. Because of the slower LH response in the triptorelin test, the LH level should be measured over a longer period of time in patients with suspected CPP.
Analysis of the positive effects of crown-of-thorns starfish on the growth and immune system of red sea bream
Authors: Miura Chiemi , Ohta Takashi , Miyake Kai , Itoh Katsutoshi , Miura Takeshi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci) feeds on corals, so extermination and other measures are used to protect ecosystems from this predation. However, red sea bream (Pagrus major) reared with crown-of-thorns starfish showed improved growth, increased phagocytic activity of leukocytes, and improved survival in a challenge test using Edwardsiella tarda, which is highly pathogenic to sea bream. These findings suggest that starfish mucus contains a substance that can improve disease resistance in red sea bream. This substance was isolated and identified using nitric oxide (NO) productivity of mouse-derived macrophage cells (RAW264) as an indicator. The immune-activating substance was identified to be a polymeric compound, possibly a polysaccharide. This substance was then purified, resulting in a molecule of molecular weight 1.81 x 105. The monosaccharides in the polysaccharide were identified and quantified, and l-fucose, d-arabinose, d-mannose, d-glucose, d-galactose, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, and N-acetyl-d-galactosamine were detected. The purified polysaccharides were examined in the RAW264 cell line using antibodies against Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and were found to stimulate TLR4 – a receptor for pathogens – and activate the immune system. These results indicate that polysaccharides in starfish mucus have a positive effect on growth and immunity in fish.
Effectiveness and Safety of Anti-PCSK9 Treatment in Persons with Hyperlipidemia: A Register-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Andersen Michael , Andreasen Anne Helms , Bang Lia Evi , Solem Espen Jimenez , Petersen Tonny Studsgaard Petersen Studsgaard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Addressing dyslipidaemia, a condition involving abnormal amounts of lipids in the blood, is crucial due to its strong association with cardiovascular disease. Anti-proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) drugs like alirocumab and evolocumab offer promising therapeutic solutions. Here we show, from our register-based cohort study in the Capital Region of Denmark (2016–2022), the efficacy and safety of these drugs in 907 persons with dyslipidaemia. Upon treatment initiation, PCSK9 inhibitors showed a substantial 49% reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. The mandated switch from alirocumab to evolocumab resulted in no significant difference in LDL-C levels or adverse clinical outcomes, such as major cardiovascular events or mortality. Thus, we conclude both alirocumab and evolocumab can be safely and effectively used interchangeably for treating dyslipidaemia.
Plant splicing factor U1C: Evolution and stress-response potential
Authors: Jia Zichang , Wang Junjie , Meng Xiangfeng , Tian Yuan , Wang Baohua , Chen Moxian , Yang Jingfang , Das Debatosh , Cao Yunying 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Alternative splicing in all organisms proceeds via spliceosomal complex formation involving various small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) proteins, and in its early stages, one of the components, called U1C, is deemed essential for 5′ splice site interaction with the U1 snRNP machinery via splice site recognition followed by base pairing. However, a systematic analysis of the U1C gene family in response to developmental cues and stress conditions in plants has not been performed. Basic bioinformatic analysis identified 114 U1C genes in 72 plant species. Comparisons of gene and protein structures, promoter motifs, and tissue- and stress-specific expression levels by phylogenetic analysis revealed their functional commonness or diversity in response to developmental cues such as embryonic expression or under stress treatments such as drought and heat. Moreover, fluorescence quantitative expression analysis showed that U1C gene expression levels changed under salt, low temperature, drought, and cadmium stress in rice seedlings; however, the performance of shoots and roots was not consistent under different stress conditions.
Quantification of Damage and Yield Losses and Management of Meloidogyne Exigua in Arabica Coffee Treated With Biofertilizers, Biopesticides and Chemical Nematicide
Authors: de Figueiredo Maiza Silva , Barbosa Dimmy Herllen Silveira Gomes , Moraes Willian Bucker , Xavier André da Silva , Dutra Íris Petronilia , Chagas Elcio do Nascimento , Júnior Waldir Cintra de Jesus , Alves Fábio Ramos 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The objective of this work was to verify if biofertilizers, biopesticides and chemical nematicide reduced the population of M. exigua in coffee in 2019 and 2020. The treatments were: T1: Organic biofertilizer containing Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis and Lactobacillus sp. (Bio1); T2: Bio1 + Bio1; T3: Bio1 + 100% organic biofertilizer rich in organic matter, humic and fulvic acids (Bio2); T3: Bio1 + Bio2; T4: biopesticide based on B. subtilis and B. licheniformis (Bio3); T5: biopesticide based on Trichoderma harzianum (Bio4); T6: Fluensulfone; T7: Bio1 + Fluensulfone and T8: Control. The experiment was carried out in a field of arabica coffee cv. Catuaí in a randomized block design in an 8x6 factorial scheme (8 treatments x 6 collection periods) with four blocks. The evaluations were carried out at 0, 120, 180, 240, 360 and 420 days after application of the products (DAA). Yield losses and relative efficiency (RE) of the treatments was calculated. The treatment that most reduced the population of M. exigua in the roots was T7 (50.91) and in the soil was T6. The RE ranged from 34.77–45.04%. At 180 and 420 DAA we observed reduction of the nematode in the roots. The highest yields in 2019 were observed in plants treated with T1 and T5, whereas in 2020 it was in plants that received T2, T6 and T7. In 2019, except for T6, all treatments resulted in increased productivity. In 2020, the treatments that brought the most profit to the coffee grower were T6 and T7.
Layered plaques and coronary plaque vulnerability: an optical coherence tomography study
Authors: Yu Zening , Chen Qingjie , Li Xiaomei , Yang Yining 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Layered plaques are a subclinical sign of plaque rupture or erosion, with plaque vulnerability and can be detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT). The study designed to evaluate the prevalence, angiographic, OCT characteristics of layered plaques in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Methods and results
Consecutive ACS patients with 126 coronary culprit lesions underwent coronary angiography (CAG) and pre-intervention optical coherence tomography examination in this study. Patients were divided into layered plaque group (n = 57) and non-layered plaque group(n = 69) based on OCT plaque morphology. Layered plaque is heterogeneous signal-rich layered tissue of different optical signal intensity that close to the luminal surface, clearly demarcated from the underlying components on OCT. Patients with layered plaque were higher statin uptake rate compared to patients with non-layered plaque(P = 0.037). Uric acid (368.613 ± 91.840vs.327.901 ± 76.232µmol/L, P = 0.009) and Indirect bilirubin (IBil) (9.873 ± 5.252vs.8.130 ± 4.039, P = 0.037) level is higher in layered plaque group compare to patient with non-layered plaque. Longer lesion length in the layered plaque group compared with the non-layered plaque group (10(8,12) vs.8(5.5,10.0), P = 0.004). Higher lipid index (1400(631.5,2257) vs.1080(577.5,1455), P = 0.02)), Macrophage accumulation (49.1%vs.33.3%, P = 0.035) and TCFA (68.4%vs. 40.6%, P = 0.002) in the layered plaque group compared with the non-layered plaque group. Results of multivariate analyses showed that Uric acid was independent risk factors of layered plaque in our cohorts (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
This study demonstrate that layered plaques are associated with plaque vulnerability and progression of atherosclerosis at culprit lesions in patient with ACS.
Initial usability evaluation training for clinical engineering students
Authors: Maeda Yoshitaka , Suzuki Satoshi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
We conducted usability evaluation training among clinical engineering students to determine user dissatisfaction with equipment that was difficult to use, and we verified the effectiveness of the training program.
Methods
We conducted a workshop in which 66 students evaluated the usability of appliances they normally use at home, and they commented on both the good and bad attributes. To verify the effectiveness of usability evaluation training, the comments of 61 students were categorized based on their descriptions, and their levels of comprehensiveness were verified. Additionally, we conducted text mining on 14 students’ comments regarding their impressions of the training program.
Results
Ninety percent of the students commented on the consistency and suitability of the presentation of information on the subject equipment. This represented a statistically significant higher number of comments than that for the other topics. However, the students were least likely to comment on the ease of listening to and viewing information on equipment displays, with 62% of the students commenting on this aspect. The students’ comments regarding their impressions of the training program included the lessons they had learned and specific plans on how they would apply their training in the future.
Conclusions
Students could use the target equipment and evaluate their usability while being aware of their cognitive characteristics and mental models throughout the training period. This training program also contributed to providing students with an interest in usability evaluation, its importance, confidence in usability evaluation, and renewed motivation to learn in the future.
Accuracy and Feasibility in Building A Personalized 3D Printed Femoral Pseudoaneurysm Model For Endovascular Training: A Promising Educational Tool
Authors: Chew Fatt Yang , Lee Suat Yee , Lee Pei Hua , Chew Shen Cheak Currina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of 3D printing in creating a femoral pseudoaneurysm model based on CT scans for endovascular training.
Methods:
A case of a left femoral pseudoaneurysm was selected, and the 3D model was created using DICOM files imported into Materialise Mimics 22.0 and Materialise 3-Matic software, then printed using vat polymerization technology. Two 3D-printed models were created, and a series of comparisons were conducted between the 3D segmented images from CT scans and these two 3D-printed models. Ten comparisons involving internal diameters and angles of the specific anatomical location were measured.
Results:
The study found that the absolute mean difference in diameter between the 3D segmented images and the 3D printed models was 0.179±0.145 mm and 0.216±0.143mm, respectively, with no significant difference between the two sets of models. Additionally, the absolute mean difference in angle was 0.986±0.649° and 1.003±0.914°, respectively, and the absolute mean difference in angle between the two sets of data was not significant. Bland-Altman analysis confirmed a high correlation in dimension measurements between the 3D-printed models and segmented images. Furthermore, the accuracy of a 3D-printed femoral pseudoaneurysm model was further tested through the simulation of a femoral pseudoaneurysm coiling procedure using the Philips Azurion7 in the angiography room.
Conclusions:
3D printing is a reliable technique for producing a high accuracy 3D anatomical models that closely resemble a patient's anatomy based on CT images. Additionally, 3D printing is a feasible and viable option for use in endovascular training and medical education. In general, 3D printing is an encouraging technology with diverse possibilities in medicine, including surgical planning, medical education, and medical device advancement.
Bombieri–Vinogradov and Barban–Davenport–Halberstam type theorems for special numbers
Authors: Wang Nanxiang , Dai Haobo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A number is called special if it has mutually distinct exponents in its canonical prime factorizaton for all exponents. In this paper, we prove Bombieri–Vinogradov and Barban–Davenport–Halberstam type theorems for special numbers. As applications, we get the asymptotic formulae for the Tichmarsh divisor problem for the special numbers and a binary quadratic Titchmarsh divisor problem for the special numbers.
Possibilities to Estimate the Sex of the Fetus in Very Early Pregnancy
Authors: Borowski Jacek , Bulsa Marek , Szczepańska-Przekota Anna , Borowska Julia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background:Ultrasound examination of pregnant women to assess the anatomy and normal developmental parameters of the fetus has been the standard in obstetrics since the 1980s. There are medical situations in which the doctor overseeing the course of the pregnancy should know the sex of the fetus as early as possible. This is particularly true in the case of suspected cases of serious genetic and sex-linked diseases. Advances in medical diagnostics make it possible to diagnose the sex of the fetus as early in pregnancy as possible. However, some of the diagnostic methods used during this period are associated with risks of complications or high costs, which disqualify them as screening methods. This study is part of the current of research on the importance of physical fetal parameters in estimating fetal sex.
Methods: descriptive statistics, regression equations with t-tests and logistic regression model statistics were used. Fetal parameters were analyzed between 5 and 12 weeks of gestation. The sample consisted of 255 pregnant women.
Results: On the basis of CRL, FHR, FV and GSV parameters in 255 pregnant women between 5 and 12 weeks of gestation, attempts were made to build models for estimating the sex of the baby. The combination of gestational week (LMP) and fetal parietal length (CRL) gave the most promising, statistically significant results.
Conclusions: Early diagnosis of fetal sex is important especially in the context of X-chromosome-related genetic diseases. Such a diagnosis can be made with a sufficiently high probability on the basis of an ultrasound examination and the use of appropriate statistical models.