bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An artificial positive control for routine detection of rose rosette virus and Phyllocoptes fructiphilus that fit most primers for PCR, LAMP and RPA based assays
Authors: Ruschel Rafaela Gomes , Taylor Mason , Ochoa‐Corona Francisco M. , Amirudeen Abdul Kader Jailani , Druciarek Tobiasz , Paret Mathews 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRose (Rosa spp.) is a very important ornamental shrub cultivated worldwide and of value for the pharmaceutical industry. The plant is broadly susceptible to pathogens, including viruses. Rose rosette virus (RRV; virus species Emaravirus rosae) causes multiple symptoms typically rosettes, ultimately leading to death. The virus transmission is by grafting and a wind‐dispersed eriophyoid mite, Phyllocoptes fructiphilus, which survives in winter‐dormant plants. Due to extensive globalization RRV is a threat for the European rose, landscape, nursery and tourism industries. The most common and reliable method used for RRV detection is RT‐PCR. Positive control is indispensable for PCR reliability and can be difficult to obtain for emerging or highly contagious pathogens and are subject to BSL‐2 quarantine. A synthetic artificial positive control (APC) using custom DNA inserts of sense and anti‐sense primers was designed de novo and inserted in a circular plasmid vector to create a positive control for use with most RRV reported primers and eriophyoid mites. This study describes a functional demonstration and development of a rapid, consistent, adaptable and cost‐effective alternative to infected true‐tissue positive control for detection of RRV. The inserted RRV primers are for end point and quantitative RT‐PCR, reverse transcription loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (RT‐LAMP), recombinase‐polymerase amplification (RPA), broad detection of emaravirus and the eriophyoid mite vector Phyllocoptes fructiphilus. The APC‐RRV and RRV infected rose (leaf tissue) were tested side to side. Results demonstrated APC‐RRV is a safe, cloneable and reliable approach subjected to quality control with application in quarantine surveillance and routine diagnostics of RRV.
Molecular mechanisms of MrgprA3‐independent activation of the transient receptor potential ion channels TRPA1 and TRPV1 by chloroquine
Authors: Fricke Tabea C. , Pantke Sebastian , Lüttmann Bjarne , Echtermeyer Frank G. , Herzog Christine , Eberhardt Mirjam J. , Leffler Andreas 
Published: March 2023

Background and PurposeItch is associated with several pathologies and is a common drug‐induced side effect. Chloroquine (CQ) is reported to induce itch by activating the Mas‐related G protein‐coupled receptor MrgprA3 and subsequently TRPA1. In this study, we demonstrate that CQ employs at least two MrgprA3‐independent mechanisms to activate or sensitize TRPA1 and TRPV1.Experimental ApproachPatch clamp and calcium imaging were utilized to examine effects of CQ on TRPA1 and TRPV1 expressed in HEK 293T cells.Key ResultsIn calcium imaging, CQ induces a concentration‐dependent but MrgprA3‐independent activation of TRPA1 and TRPV1. Although CQ itself inhibits TRPA1 and TRPV1 in patch clamp recordings, co‐application of CQ and ultraviolet A (UVA) light evokes membrane currents through both channels. This effect is inhibited by the reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT) and is reduced on mutants lacking cysteine residues accounting for reactive oxygen species (ROS) sensitivity. The combination of CQ and UVA light triggers an accumulation of intracellular ROS, removes fast inactivation of voltage‐gated sodium currents and activates TRPV2. On the other hand, CQ is a weak base and induces intracellular alkalosis. Intracellular alkalosis can activate TRPA1 and TRPV1, and CQ applied at alkaline pH values indeed activates both channels.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur data reveal novel pharmacological properties of CQ, allowing activation of TRPA1 and TRPV1 via photosensitization as well as intracellular alkalosis. These findings add more complexity to the commonly accepted dogma that CQ‐induced itch is specifically mediated by MrgprA3 coupling to TRPA1.
Lesbian and gay individuals' path into foster parenting in Norway—Barriers and facilitators at the person and system levels
Authors: Ådnanes Marian , Thaulow Kristin , Paulsen Veronika , Kaasbøll Jannike 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGrowing numbers of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning (LGBTQ) people are becoming foster parents in several western countries. The LGBTQ perspective on the child welfare system has received little attention in practice, research and policy. Despite their increased rights, LGBTQ foster parents continue to face challenges related to fostering. Knowledge is needed on LGBTQ individual perceptions of the process of becoming foster parents, including barriers and facilitating factors. This paper reports on the experiences of 13 gay or lesbian foster parents in Norway. The study shows a lack of knowledge about the possibility of becoming foster parents due to lack of information directed at them as a minority group. Participants felt vulnerable and experienced “minority stress” before encountering the child welfare system, while mainly experienced the encounter with the staff as good and respectful. Although several valued being treated “like everyone else” by the system, others questioned why LGBTQ‐specific parenting issues were not raised and discussed. Apart from lack of information, the process towards foster parenting seemed mostly hampered by participants' own assumptions that sexual identity would be a barrier and to some extent biological parents' refusal. The study suggests that foster care and child welfare services would benefit from information in recruitment of foster parents, aiming at being more inclusive. Furthermore, we address gender and sexuality diversity related to foster care work and highlight the strengths and challenges it may offer.
S2k Guideline – Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC, neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin) – Update 2022
Authors: Becker Jürgen C. , Beer Ambros J. , DeTemple Viola K. , Eigentler Thomas , Flaig Michael , Gambichler Thilo , Grabbe Stephan , Höller Ulrike , Klumpp Bernhard , Lang Stephan , Pföhler Claudia , Posch Christian , Prasad Vikas , Schlattmann Peter , Schneider‐Burrus Sylke , Ter‐Nedden Jan , Terheyden Patrick , Thoms Kai , Vordermark Dirk , Ugurel Selma 
Published: March 2023

SummaryMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC, ICD‐O M8247/3) is a rare, malignant, primary skin tumor with epithelial and neuroendocrine differentiation. The tumor cells share many morphologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features with cutaneous Merkel cells. Nevertheless, the cell of origin of MCC is unclear. MCC appears clinically as a reddish to purple spherical tumor with a smooth, shiny surface and a soft to turgid, elastic consistency, usually showing rapid growth. Spontaneous and often complete regressions of the tumor are observed. These likely immunologically‐mediated regressions explain the cases in which only lymph node or distant metastases are found at the time of initial diagnosis and why the tumor responds very well to immunomodulatory therapies even at advanced stages. Due to its aggressiveness, the usually given indication for sentinel lymph node biopsy, the indication of adjuvant therapies to be evaluated, as well as the complexity of the necessary diagnostics, clinical management should already be determined by an interdisciplinary tumor board at the time of initial diagnosis.
Fortschritte bei der Metabolomik der atopischen Dermatitis: eine systematische Übersicht
Authors: Zhang Lishan , Zeng Yueping , Sun Jinlyu 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungAtopische Dermatitis (AD), eine chronisch‐entzündliche Hauterkrankung, die durch wiederkehrende Ekzeme und starken Juckreiz gekennzeichnet ist, sorgt weltweit für eine erhebliche Krankheitslast. Die Diagnose und Behandlung der AD ist aufgrund der großen Heterogenität der Erkrankung oft schwierig, und ihre genaue Ätiologie ist unbekannt. Die Metabolomik bietet die Möglichkeit, kontinuierliche physiologische und pathologische Veränderungen bei Individuen zu verfolgen. Dies ermöglicht eine genaue Diagnose und Behandlung sowie tiefe Einblicke in die Ätiopathogenese der AD. In den letzten Jahren wurden mehrere metabolomische Studien zur AD veröffentlicht. Ziel dieser Übersicht ist es, diese Ergebnisse zusammenzufassen und den Wissenschaftlern zu helfen, die rasche Entwicklung der Metabolomik bei der AD zu verstehen.Es wurde eine umfassende und systematische Suche in den Datenbanken PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library und Web of Science durchgeführt. Nach einer Qualitätsbewertung wurden schließlich sechsundzwanzig Arbeiten in die Untersuchung aufgenommen. Es wurden signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Metabolitenprofilen von Patienten mit AD und gesunden Personen festgestellt.Diese Studie bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über die Metabolomforschung zur AD. Ein besseres Verständnis der Metabolomik der AD könnte zu neuen diagnostischen, prognostischen und therapeutischen Ansätzen führen.
Enhancing diabetes care for the most vulnerable in the 21st century: Interim findings of the National Advisory Panel on Care Home Diabetes (NAPCHD)
Authors: Sinclair A. J. , Bellary S. , Dashora U. , Abdelhafiz A. H. , Rowles S. , Reedman L. , Turner B. , Green M. , Forbes A. , Middleton A. ,   NAPCHD
Published: March 2023

AbstractOlder adults with diabetes may carry a substantial health burden in Western ageing societies, occupy more than one in four beds in care homes, and are a highly vulnerable group who often require complex nursing and medical care. The global pandemic (COVID‐19) had its epicentre in care homes and revealed many shortfalls in diabetes care resulting in hospital admissions and considerable mortality and comorbid illness. The purpose of this work was to develop a national Strategic Document of Diabetes Care for Care Homes which would bring about worthwhile, sustainable and effective quality diabetes care improvements, and address the shortfalls in care provided. A large diverse and multidisciplinary group of stakeholders (NAPCHD) defined 11 areas of interest where recommendations were needed and using a subgroup allocation approach were set tasks to produce a set of primary recommendations. Each subgroup was given 5 starter questions to begin their work and a format to provide responses. During the initial phase, 16 key findings were identified. Overall, after a period of 18 months, 49 primary recommendations were made, and 7 major conclusions were drawn from these. A model of community and integrated diabetes care for care home residents with diabetes was proposed, and a series of 5 ‘quick‐wins’ were created to begin implementation of some of the recommendations that would not require significant funding. The work of the NAPCHD is ongoing but we hope that this current resource will help leaders to make these required changes happen.
Neglected immunoregulation: M2 polarization of macrophages triggered by low‐dose irradiation plays an important role in bone regeneration
Authors: Chen Shaoqing , Ni Su , Liu Chun , He Mu , Pan Yiwen , Cui Pengfei , Wang Cheng , Ni Xinye 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCurrent studies have found that low‐dose irradiation (IR) can promote bone regeneration. However, mechanism studies of IR‐triggered bone regeneration mainly focus on the effects of osteoblasts, neglecting the role of the surrounding immune microenvironment. Here in this study, in vitro proliferation experiments showed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy could promote the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and qRT‐PCR assay showed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy could exert the M2 polarization of Raw264.7 cells, while IR >2 Gy inhibited BMSC proliferation and triggered M1 polarization in Raw264.7 cells. The ALP and mineralized nodules staining showed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy not only promoted osteoblast mineralization through IR‐triggered osteoblast proliferation but also through M2 polarization of Raw264.7 cells, while high‐dose IR >2 Gy had the opposite effect. The co‐incubation of BMSC with low‐dose IR irradiated Raw264.7 cell supernatants increased the mRNA expression of BMP‐2 and Osx. The rat cranial defects model revealed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy gradually promoted bone regeneration, while high‐dose IR >2 Gy inhibited bone regeneration. Detection of macrophage polarity in peripheral blood samples showed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy increased the expression of CD206 and CD163, but decreased the expression of CD86 and CD80 in macrophages, which indicated M2 polarization of macrophages in vivo, while high‐dose IR had the opposite effect. Our finding innovatively revealed that low‐dose IR ≤2 Gy promotes bone regeneration not only by directly promoting the proliferation of osteoblasts but also by triggering M2 polarization of macrophages, which provided a new perspective for immune mechanism study in the treatment of bone defects with low‐dose IR.
Internet of Things (IoT) in the food fermentation process: A bibliometric review
Authors: Adeleke Ismail , Nwulu Nnamdi , Adebo Oluwafemi Ayodeji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study investigated available literature on leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT) to optimize the food fermentation process. Utilizing a subjective examination strategy through bibliometric investigation, this paper assessed 44 articles between 2013 and 2022. The bibliometric study focused on publications per author, publications per country, and a research center based on co‐occurrence keywords, and research patterns. While available publications in this domain show IoT can be used to optimize the fermentation process, uptake has been slow and has been in an infant stage in the past 8 years. The scholarly articles, using the co‐occurrence of keywords, showed five (5) clusters, which are (i) implementing IoT in forecasting the fermentation process to achieve effective quality control, (ii) remotely monitoring and automating the production process to achieve effective process control, (iii) monitoring temperature in real‐time during the fermentation process, (iv) digitally storing parameters during the fermentation process using WLAN, and (v) applying middleware in the processing properties of agricultural produce. These cluster areas revealed how IoT can be used to optimize the food fermentation process. Given the growth and interest in IoT technologies in the food fermentation process, this study explored available literature to highlight available IoT technologies in developing strategies for the food fermentation process and predictive analysis of fermented food products.Practical applicationsUsing IoT technologies, manufacturers may optimize their regulatory procedures and product quality by monitoring food fermentation process parameters such as temperature, carbon dioxide, humidity, viscosity, and so on in real‐time. Food manufacturers may also obtain and use these real‐time data for food safety. Some cutting‐edge smart sensors and cloud‐based predictive analytics systems can equally predict stages of the fermentation process and possibly detect challenges along the process.
Financial socialization and financial distress: The role of cognitive and noncognitive abilities
Authors: Zhao Haidong , Zhang Lini , Anong Sophia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the influence of financial socialization on financial distress and demonstrated the importance of both cognitive and noncognitive ability channels through which this relation operates. Using data from a nationally representative sample of adult US residents, the results showed that adults in the bottom quintile of financial socialization are significantly more likely to experience financial distress than those in the top quintile. We also provide evidence that financial socialization is related to financial distress both directly and indirectly through cognitive ability measures of financial knowledge and financial skills, as well as the noncognitive ability measure of financial self‐control. The findings highlight the importance of financial socialization in familial contexts. Implications for personal finance advocates, financial educators, children and family service providers, and policymakers are discussed.
High‐frequency ultrasonography index in evaluation of pincer nail
Authors: Zhou Qiaochu , Wang Wei , Xu Jie , Chen ZhiWei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground: The measurements of width index, height index, and curvature index were used for assessment of the curvature severity. Nevertheless, both sides of the nail root are buried subcutaneously, impossibility in measuring the width index correctly.Materials and Methods: We developed a technique to measure the index under high‐frequency ultrasonography (HF‐USG).Results: There was good agreement between the HF‐USG index and the result examined after surgery.Conclusion: The observation on HF‐USG helps to distinguish between ingrown nail and pincer nail. The HF‐USG index will be useful in the examination and measurement of nail roots buried subcutaneously or nail penetration under the hypertrophic lateral nail fold, and comparing the effectiveness among treatments for pincer nail objectively.
GCP-HOLO: Generating High-Order Linkage Graphs for Path Synthesis
Authors: Fogelson Mitchell B. , Tucker Conrad , Cagan Jonathan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
One degrees-of-freedom (1DOF) linkages are persistent in mechanical systems. However, designing linkages to follow a desired path, known as path synthesis, is challenging due to non-linearities, combinatorial nature, and strict geometric constraints. Current state-of-the-art algorithms cannot scale well to linkages with higher-order linkage graphs, which are required to satisfy more complicated paths for new mechanical systems, such as hopping and flying robots. One reason for this is that state-of-the-art algorithms spend the majority of the time exploring constraint-violating designs. This work uses an Assur group 0DOF linkage as a graph grammar rule to modify both linkage graph and spatial parameters, ensuring all designs are valid 1DOF linkages. Using this graph grammar, this paper formulates linkage path synthesis as a tree search and uses a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agent to search the space of kinematically feasible planar 1DOF linkages. This paper introduces a method using a graph convolution policy for high-order linkage graph optimization (GCP-HOLO). An anytime algorithm, GCP-HOLO outputs linkages with 1–8 loops (4–16 bars) efficiently. When comparing the GCP-HOLO formulation to a recent state-of-the-art paper that solves a mixed integer conic program, GCP-HOLO generates sets of solutions of varying linkage complexities to eight test trajectories in a quarter of the time. Extending GCP-HOLO with a global node optimization, such as covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy, the results quickly converge to finding better solutions for 4/8 tests, with the whole pipeline capable of a 13X speed increase.
Navigating a New Normal: Perceptions and Experiences of an Online Exercise Program for Older Adults During COVID-19
Authors: Galway Sarah C. , Laird Meghan H.D. , Dagenais Matthieu , Gammage Kimberley L. 
Published: March 2023

Online exercise programming has surged in popularity; however, little is known about older adults’ perceptions and experiences of online exercise. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine older adults’ (aged 59–82 years) experiences and perceptions of an online exercise program during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nineteen individuals (individuals who used the online exercise program and those who did not) completed a semistructured interview. Three main themes were generated from the data using reflexive thematic analysis: (a) can online exercise really work for older adults? (b) technology attitudes and experiences influence online participation, and (c) barriers and advantages of the online exercise program and the home environment. Most participants who took part were able to overcome initial barriers through technical support and experience. Our findings highlight ways to promote advantages and address barriers of online exercise for older adults and emphasize the importance of fostering social experiences and training online exercise instructors.
Blockchain-Based E-Medical Record and Data Security Service Management Based on IoMT Resource
Authors: Alsudani Mustafa Qahtan , Jaber Mustafa Musa , Malik R. Q. , Abd Sura Khalil , Ali Mohammed Hasan , Alkhayyat Ahmed , Khalaf G. A. 
Published: March 2023

Electronic health records are essential and sensitive since they include vital information and are routinely exchanged across several parties, such as hospitals and private clinics. These data must remain accurate, current, secret, and available only to authorized parties. Integrating these data improves the accuracy and cost-effectiveness of the present health data administration framework. Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) are now kept utilizing the structure of the client/server via whom patient data information is maintained in the hospital. Multiple hospitals use the same database to track a single patient. These limitations prevent a custom health system from providing various associated experts and patients with a cohesive, integrated, secure, and confidential medical history. Modern healthcare systems are distinguished by their complexity and expense. However, this may be mitigated by enhanced health record management and Blockchain technology. The Blockchain’s data availability, confidence, and security characteristics have a bright future in healthcare services, giving solutions to the issues of the traditional customer/server architecture EMR management platform: intricacy, confidence, dependability, compatibility, and anonymity. An e-health record management based on Internet of Medical Things (EHRM-IoMT) is proposed in this paper. This paper explores and analyzes Blockchain efficiency and customer/server paradigms. The findings show that a patient-centred strategy may achieve remarkable success utilizing Blockchain. Moreover, the immutable and accurate data of persons in Blockchain may enable healthcare practitioners to better forecast and aid with diagnosis utilizing the IoMT via machine learning and artificial intelligence.
A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of nontrivial Sn-invariants in the splitting algebra
Authors: Schlegel Kevin 
Published: March 2023

For a monic polynomial [Formula: see text] over a commutative, unitary ring [Formula: see text] the splitting algebra [Formula: see text] is the universal [Formula: see text]-algebra such that [Formula: see text] splits in [Formula: see text]. The symmetric group acts on the splitting algebra by permuting the roots of [Formula: see text]. It is known that if the intersection of the annihilators of the elements [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (where [Formula: see text] depends on [Formula: see text]) in [Formula: see text] is zero, then the invariants under the group action are exactly equal to [Formula: see text]. We show that the converse holds.