bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma GFAP in Parkinson’s disease with cognitive impairment and its potential to predict conversion to dementia
Authors: Tang Yilin , Han Linlin , Li Shiyu , Hu Tianyu , Xu Zhiheng , Fan Yun , Liang Xiaoniu , Yu Huan , Wu Jianjun , Wang Jian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) has been suggested as a biomarker for reactive astrogliosis. We measured the levels of plasma GFAP by Simoa in 60 patients with PD with normal cognition, 63 with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), 24 with dementia (PDD) and 15 healthy controls. A subgroup of patients with PD-MCI (n = 31) was followed up for 4.1 ± 2.3 years. Compared with healthy controls, plasma GFAP levels were elevated in patients with PDD (adjusted P < 0.001) and PD-MCI (adjusted P = 0.013) and were negatively correlated with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score in PD participants. Plasma GFAP predicted MCI-to-dementia conversion with an AUC of 0.90, higher than NfL, Tau and pTau181. Our results support that plasma GFAP has potential value for distinguishing patients with PDD, and predicting MCI-to-dementia conversion in PD.
Integrated cardio-behavioral responses to threat define defensive states
Authors: Signoret-Genest Jérémy , Schukraft Nina , L. Reis Sara , Segebarth Dennis , Deisseroth Karl , Tovote Philip 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFear and anxiety are brain states that evolved to mediate defensive responses to threats. The defense reaction includes multiple interacting behavioral, autonomic and endocrine adjustments, but their integrative nature is poorly understood. In particular, although threat has been associated with various cardiac changes, there is no clear consensus regarding the relevance of these changes for the integrated defense reaction. Here we identify rapid microstates that are associated with specific behaviors and heart rate dynamics, which are affected by long-lasting macrostates and reflect context-dependent threat levels. In addition, we demonstrate that one of the most commonly used defensive behavioral responses—freezing as measured by immobility—is part of an integrated cardio-behavioral microstate mediated by Chx10+ neurons in the periaqueductal gray. Our framework for systematic integration of cardiac and behavioral readouts presents the basis for a better understanding of complex neural defensive states and their associated systemic functions.
Open multi-session and multi-task EEG cognitive Dataset for passive brain-computer Interface Applications
Authors: Hinss Marcel F. , Jahanpour Emilie S. , Somon Bertille , Pluchon Lou , Dehais Frédéric , Roy Raphaëlle N. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBrain-Computer Interfaces and especially passive Brain-Computer interfaces (pBCI), with their ability to estimate and monitor user mental states, are receiving increasing attention from both the fundamental research and the applied research and development communities. Testing new pipelines and benchmarking classifiers and feature extraction algorithms is central to further research within this domain. Unfortunately, data sharing in pBCI research is still scarce. The COG-BCI database encompasses the recordings of 29 participants over 3 separate sessions with 4 different tasks (MATB, N-Back, PVT, Flanker) designed to elicit different mental states, for a total of over 100 hours of open EEG data. This dataset was validated on a subjective, behavioral and physiological level, to ensure its usefulness to the pBCI community. Furthermore, a proof of concept is given with an example of mental workload estimation pipeline and results, to ensure that the data can be used for the design and evaluation of pBCI pipelines. This body of work presents a large effort to promote the use of pBCIs in an open science framework.
A subnational reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health and development atlas of India
Authors: Pezzulo Carla , Tejedor-Garavito Natalia , Chan Ho Man Theophilus , Dreoni Ilda , Kerr David , Ghosh Samik , Bonnie Amy , Bondarenko Maksym , Salasibew Mihretab , Tatem Andrew J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the fine scale and subnational spatial distribution of reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health and development indicators is crucial for targeting and increasing the efficiency of resources for public health and development planning. National governments are committed to improve the lives of their people, lift the population out of poverty and to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. We created an open access collection of high resolution gridded and district level health and development datasets of India using mainly the 2015–16 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) data, and provide estimates at higher granularity than what is available in NFHS-4, to support policies with spatially detailed data. Bayesian methods for the construction of 5 km × 5 km high resolution maps were applied for a set of indicators where the data allowed (36 datasets), while for some other indicators, only district level data were produced. All data were summarised using the India district administrative boundaries. In total, 138 high resolution and district level datasets for 28 indicators were produced and made openly available.
Regression analysis on forward modeling of diffuse optical tomography system for carcinoma cell detection
Authors: Maheswari K. Uma , Thilak M. , SenthilKumar N. , Nagaprasad N. , Jule Leta Tesfaye , Seenivasan Venkatesh , Ramaswamy Krishnaraj 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe forward model design was employed in the Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) system to determine the optimal photonic flux in soft tissues like the brain and breast. Absorption coefficient (mua), reduced scattering coefficient (mus), and photonic flux (phi) were the parameters subjected to optimization. The Box–Behnken Design (BBD) method of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to enhance the Diffuse Optical Tomography experimental system. The DC modulation voltages applied to different laser diodes of 850 nm and 780 nm wavelengths and spacing between the source and detector are the two factors operating on three optimization parameters that predicted the result through two-dimensional tissue image contours. The analysis of the Variance (ANOVA) model developed was substantial (R2 =  > 0.954). The experimental results indicate that spacing and wavelength were more influential factors for rebuilding image contour. The position of the tumor in soft tissues is inspired by parameters like absorption coefficient and scattering coefficient, which depend on DC voltages applied to the Laser diode. This regression method predicted the values throughout the studied parameter space and was suitable for enhancement learning of diffuse optical tomography systems. The range of residual error percentage evaluated between experimental and predicted values for mua, mus, and phi was 0.301%, 0.287%, and 0.1%, respectively.
Electrically evoked mismatch negativity responses to loudness and pitch cues in cochlear implant users
Authors: Wagner Luise , Ladek Anna S. , Plontke Stefan K. , Rahne Torsten 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjective measurements could improve cochlear implant (CI) fitting, especially for CI users who have difficulty assessing their hearing impressions. In this study, we investigated the electrically evoked mismatch negativity (eMMN) brain potential as a mainly preattentive response to pitch and loudness changes. In an electrophysiological exploratory study with 21 CI users, pitch and loudness cues were presented in controlled oddball paradigms that directly electrically stimulated the CI via software. Out of them 17 valid data sets were analyzed. A pitch cue was produced by changing the stimulating CI electrodes (pairs of adjacent electrodes). A loudness cue originated from changing the stimulation amplitude on one CI electrode. MMN responses were measured unsing clinical electroencephalography recording according to a standard recording protocol. At the group level, significant eMMN responses were elicited for loudness cues and for pitch cues at basal electrode pairs but not at apical electrode pairs. The effect of deviance direction was not significant and no stimulus artifacts were observed. Recording an electrically evoked MMN in response to loudness changes in CI users is generally feasible, and is, therefore, promising to support CI fitting procedures in the future. Detection of pitch cues would require a greater electrode distance between selected electrodes for standard and deviant stimuli, especially in apical regions. A routine clinical setup can be used to measure eMMN.
Regulation of pseurotin A biosynthesis by GliZ and zinc in Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Seo Hyewon , Kang Suzie , Lee Dongho , Yun Cheol-Won 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecently, we reported that zinc regulates gliotoxin biosynthesis via ZafA, which is a zinc-responsive transcriptional activator. From an HPLC analysis of culture media of Aspergillus fumigatus, we found a trend of decreasing gliotoxin production but increasing pseurotin A and fumagillin production in proportion to the zinc concentration. The expression of the genes involved in pseurotin A biosynthesis was upregulated under high zinc concentrations. Furthermore, upregulated expression of pseurotin A biosynthetic genes and higher production of pseurotin A were observed in the zafA deletion strain. Interestingly, the deletion of gliZ, a transcriptional activator of gliotoxin biosynthesis genes, resulted in upregulated expression of pseurotin A biosynthetic genes and increased production of pseurotin A. We detected upregulation of fumR expression in the gliZ and zafA deletion mutants. The overexpression of gliZ observed in the zafA deletion mutant resulted in the failure of the mutant to increase pseurotin A production, which is a phenotype of the zafA deletion mutant. These results suggest that ZafA sequentially regulates pseurotin A biosynthesis through GliZ. Finally, we found through a murine virulence test that the gliZ and fumR double-deletion mutants showed a delayed death rate compared with the single-deletion mutants of either gliZ or fumR. Taken together, these results suggested that the biosynthesis of gliotoxin and pseurotin A are regulated in opposite ways by zinc utilization and that each secondary metabolite is synthesized when the synthesis of another secondary metabolite fails to protect it against the defense system of the host.
Evidence from ClinicalTrials.gov on the growth of Digital Health Technologies in neurology trials
Authors: Masanneck Lars , Gieseler Pauline , Gordon William J. , Meuth Sven G. , Stern Ariel D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDigital Health Technologies (DHTs) such as connected sensors offer particular promise for improving data collection and patient empowerment in neurology research and care. This study analyzed the recent evolution of the use of DHTs in trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov for four chronic neurological disorders: epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s disease. We document growth in the collection of both more established digital measures (e.g., motor function) and more novel digital measures (e.g., speech) over recent years, highlighting contexts of use and key trends.
Oxygen transfer reaction of haloalkyl amides catalyzed by phenylboronic acid
Authors: Sen Abhijit , Muranaka Atsuya , Ohno Aya , Yamada Yoichi M. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNitrile derivatives are important building blocks in organic synthesis. Herein, we report the serendipitous discovery of an oxygen transfer reaction that produces hydroxyalkyl nitriles from the sequential dehydration and hydrolysis of haloalkyl amides. Product yields of up to 91% were achieved, and the phenylboronic acid was recovered as triphenylboroxine. The triphenylboroxine was reused as a catalyst without any loss of catalytic activity. A probable catalytic pathway was proposed based on control experiments and DFT calculations.
Multi-responsive chitosan-based hydrogels for controlled release of vincristine
Authors: Farasati Far Bahareh , Omrani Mohsen , Naimi Jamal Mohammad Reza , Javanshir Shahrzad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs medical research progresses, the derivation and development of biological materials such as hydrogels have steadily gained more interest. The biocompatibility and non-toxicity of chitosan make chitosan hydrogels potential carriers for drug delivery. This work aims to develop two multi-reactive, safe, and highly swellable bio-hydrogels consisting of chitosan-graft-glycerol (CS-g-gly) and carboxymethyl chitosan-graft-glycerol (CMCS-g-gly), for sustained and controlled drug release, improved bioavailability along with entrapment in nanocarriers, which reduces side effects of vincristine sulphate. CS-g-gly and CMCS-g-gly are successfully prepared and fully characterized using analytical techniques. Under various conditions, the prepared hydrogels exhibit a high swelling ratio. Vincristine-loaded CS-g-gly (VCR/CS-g-gly), and CMCS-g-gly (VCR/CMCS-g-gly) show high encapsulation efficiency between 72.28-89.97%, and 56.97-71.91%, respectively. VCR/CS-g-gly show a sustained release behavior, and the maximum release of VCR from hydrogels reached 82% after 120 h of incubation. MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line) and MCF-10 (normal breast cell line) are evaluated for cell viability and apoptosis induction. The in-vitro anti-tumor efficacy is investigated using flow cytometry. The tetrazolium-based MTT assay of hydrogels shows no evidence of significant cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and MCF-10 cells. According to these findings, these hydrogels can effectively deliver drugs to MCF-7 and other breast cancer cells.
A reversible SRC-relayed COX2 inflammatory program drives resistance to BRAF and EGFR inhibition in BRAFV600E colorectal tumors
Authors: Ruiz-Saenz Ana , Atreya Chloe E. , Wang Changjun , Pan Bo , Dreyer Courtney A. , Brunen Diede , Prahallad Anirudh , Muñoz Denise P. , Ramms Dana J. , Burghi Valeria , Spassov Danislav S. , Fewings Eleanor , Hwang Yeonjoo C. , Cowdrey Cynthia , Moelders Christina , Schwarzer Cecilia , Wolf Denise M. , Hann Byron , VandenBerg Scott R. , Shokat Kevan , Moasser Mark M. , Bernards René , Gutkind J. Silvio , van ‘t Veer Laura J. , Coppé Jean-Philippe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBRAFV600E mutation confers a poor prognosis in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) despite combinatorial targeted therapies based on the latest understanding of signaling circuitry. To identify parallel resistance mechanisms induced by BRAF–MEK–EGFR co-targeting, we used a high-throughput kinase activity mapping platform. Here we show that SRC kinases are systematically activated in BRAFV600E CRC following targeted inhibition of BRAF ± EGFR and that coordinated targeting of SRC with BRAF ± EGFR increases treatment efficacy in vitro and in vivo. SRC drives resistance to BRAF ± EGFR targeted therapy independently of ERK signaling by inducing transcriptional reprogramming through β-catenin (CTNNB1). The EGFR-independent compensatory activation of SRC kinases is mediated by an autocrine prostaglandin E2 loop that can be blocked with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitors. Co-targeting of COX2 with BRAF + EGFR promotes durable suppression of tumor growth in patient-derived tumor xenograft models. COX2 inhibition represents a drug-repurposing strategy to overcome therapeutic resistance in BRAFV600E CRC.
Effect of long-term caloric restriction on DNA methylation measures of biological aging in healthy adults from the CALERIE trial
Authors: Waziry R. , Ryan C. P. , Corcoran D. L. , Huffman K. M. , Kobor M. S. , Kothari M. , Graf G. H. , Kraus V. B. , Kraus W. E. , Lin D. T. S. , Pieper C. F. , Ramaker M. E. , Bhapkar M. , Das S. K. , Ferrucci L. , Hastings W. J. , Kebbe M. , Parker D. C. , Racette S. B. , Shalev I. , Schilling B. , Belsky D. W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe geroscience hypothesis proposes that therapy to slow or reverse molecular changes that occur with aging can delay or prevent multiple chronic diseases and extend healthy lifespan1–3. Caloric restriction (CR), defined as lessening caloric intake without depriving essential nutrients4, results in changes in molecular processes that have been associated with aging, including DNA methylation (DNAm)5–7, and is established to increase healthy lifespan in multiple species8,9. Here we report the results of a post hoc analysis of the influence of CR on DNAm measures of aging in blood samples from the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE) trial, a randomized controlled trial in which n = 220 adults without obesity were randomized to 25% CR or ad libitum control diet for 2 yr (ref. 10). We found that CALERIE intervention slowed the pace of aging, as measured by the DunedinPACE DNAm algorithm, but did not lead to significant changes in biological age estimates measured by various DNAm clocks including PhenoAge and GrimAge. Treatment effect sizes were small. Nevertheless, modest slowing of the pace of aging can have profound effects on population health11–13. The finding that CR modified DunedinPACE in a randomized controlled trial supports the geroscience hypothesis, building on evidence from small and uncontrolled studies14–16 and contrasting with reports that biological aging may not be modifiable17. Ultimately, a conclusive test of the geroscience hypothesis will require trials with long-term follow-up to establish effects of intervention on primary healthy-aging endpoints, including incidence of chronic disease and mortality18–20.
DNA methylation age acceleration is associated with risk of diabetes complications
Authors: Vetter Valentin Max , Spieker Johanne , Sommerer Yasmine , Buchmann Nikolaus , Kalies Christian Humberto , Regitz-Zagrosek Vera , Bertram Lars , Demuth Ilja 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are at risk for micro- and macrovascular complications. Implementable risk scores are needed to improve targeted prevention for patients that are particularly susceptible to complications. The epigenetic clock estimates an individual’s biological age using DNA methylation profiles.MethodsIn this study, we examined older adults of the Berlin Aging Study II that were reexamined on average 7.4 years after baseline assessment as part of the GendAge study. DNA methylation age (DNAmA) and its deviation from chronological age DNAmA acceleration (DNAmAA) were calculated with the 7-CpG clock (available at both timepoints,n = 1,071), Horvath’s clock, Hannum’s clock, PhenoAge and GrimAge (available at follow-up only,n = 1,067). T2D associated complications were assessed with the Diabetes Complications Severity Index (DCSI).ResultsWe report on a statistically significant association between oral glucose tolerance test results and Hannum and PhenoAge DNAmAA. PhenoAge was also associated with fasting glucose. In contrast, we found no cross-sectional association after covariate adjustment between DNAmAA and a diagnosis of T2D. However, longitudinal analyses showed that every additional year of 7-CpG DNAmAA at baseline increased the odds for developing one or more additional complications or worsening of an already existing complication during the follow-up period by 11% in male participants with T2D. This association persisted after covariate adjustment (OR = 1.11,p = 0.045,n = 56).ConclusionAlthough our results remain to be independently validated, this study shows promising evidence of utility of the 7-CpG clock in identifying patients with diabetes who are at high risk for developing complications.
Infrared object detection via patch‐tensor model and image denoising based on weighted truncated Schatten‐p norm minimization
Authors: Zhu Yun , Gong Chengjian , Liu Shuwen , Yu Zhiyue , Shao Hanzeng , Yu Gaohang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe nuclear norm minimization (NNM) is a special non‐convex rank minimization convex relaxation scheme for image denoising and object detection that requires denoising and background subtraction. Considering excessive shrinkage of rank components and equal treatment of different rank components, NNM is extended to the weighted Schatten‐p norm minimization (WSNM) with weights assigned to different singular values. In this paper, a multi‐channel weighted truncated WSNM model based on the WSNM optimization framework is proposed for RGB colour image denoising. On the basis of different noise intensities and non‐local self‐similar patches of each channel of the colour image itself, the proposed model is improved significantly by the optimization methods of superposition and truncation. Meanwhile, it can be generalized to the tensor space and employed to the infrared imaging target detection based on the spatial‐temporal tensor model for the first time. And the efficient alternating direction multiplier‐based algorithms are developed to solve the proposed model and the accuracy of the algorithm is effectively improved by choosing an adaptive threshold. Extensive experiments on real infrared data verified the proposed method state‐of‐the‐arts and effectiveness.
Interaction of solar jets with filaments: Triggering of large-amplitude filament oscillations
Authors: Joshi Reetika , Luna Manuel , Schmieder Brigitte , Moreno-Insertis Fernando , Chandra Ramesh 
Published: February 2023

Context. Large-amplitude oscillations (LAOs) are often detected in filaments. Using multi-wavelength observations, their origin can be traced back to the interaction with eruptions and jets.
Aims. We present two different case studies as observational evidence in support of 2.5D numerical magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) experiments that show that the LAOs in the filament channels can be initiated by solar jets.
Methods. We use longitudinal magnetic field observations using the Helioseismic Magnetic Imager to study the evolution of the filament channels. The LAOs in the filaments are analysed using two techniques. The first is time-distance diagnostics with extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) and Hα datasets. In the second method, the oscillations in different parts of the filaments are examined using Fourier analysis of the brightness variations of all pixels in Hα observations.
Results. In the two studied events, we can identify a quadrupolar configuration with an X-point at the top of the parasitic region suggestive of a classical null-point. The X-point evolves into a flat structure suggestive of a breakout current sheet. A reconnection flow emanates from this structure, leading to a jet that propagates along the filament channel. In both cases, we can identify the quiescent and eruptive phases of the jet. The triggered LAOs have periods of around 70–80 min and are damped after a few oscillations. The minimum magnetic field intensity inferred with seismology for the filament turns out to be around 30 Gauss.
Conclusions. We conclude that the two case studies are consistent with a recently published numerical model in which the LAOs are initiated by jets. The relationship between the onset of the jet and filament oscillations is straightforward for the first case but is less clear for the second case. In the second event, although there is some evidence for a relationship, we cannot rule out other possibilities such as activity unrelated to the null-point or changes in the magnetic structure of the filament. Both jets are associated with very weak flares that did not launch any EUV waves. Therefore, a role of EUV waves in triggering the filament oscillations can be eliminated for these two cases.