bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CORRELATES OF ELEVATED C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AMONG BLACK OLDER ADULTS: EVIDENCE FROM THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY
Authors: Farmer Heather , Tobin Courtney Sinclair , Thorpe, Jr. Roland J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Substantial evidence documents gender and racial disparities in C-reactive protein (CRP), a measure of systemic inflammation, among older adults. Yet, the comparative approaches of these studies may obscure distinct risk and protective factors associated with elevated CRP among older Black Americans. To pinpoint opportunities for intervention, this study utilizes a “within-group approach” to identify the sociodemographic, psychosocial, behavioral, and health-related determinants of elevated CRP among older Black women and men. The sample consisted of 2,420 Black respondents aged 51+ in the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2016). Gender-stratified, random effects logistic regression models were used to examine determinants of elevated CRP (&gt;3.0 mg/L). More than 50% of Black women had elevated CRP, and we found that younger age, Medicaid, lower mastery, religiosity, overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, and ADLs contributed to elevated CRP among this group. In contrast, elevated CRP was reported among only 37.25% of Black men, for whom financial distress was associated with lower odds of elevated CRP; religiosity, less neighborhood cohesion, current smoking, overweight/obesity, ADLs, and more chronic conditions were associated with greater odds of elevated CRP among this group. Sociodemographic factors had a limited association with elevated CRP among older Black Americans. Rather, a range of psychosocial, behavioral, and health-related factors were more influential determinants of elevated CRP among older Black Americans. Most notably, findings demonstrate distinct determinants of CRP among Black women and men, underscoring the critical need to further evaluate the risk and protective mechanisms undergirding disparities among this aging population.
METHODOLOGICAL AND ETHICAL REFLECTIONS FROM RESEARCH ON NEIGHBOURHOOD-BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND DEMENTIA
Authors: Seetharaman Kishore , Chaudhury Habib , Hung Lillian , Freeman Shannon , Groulx Mark , Randa Cari 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The neighbourhood is widely regarded as a setting that affords emotional and practical support and opportunities to maintain community-based activities and social participation for people living with dementia (PLWD). Creating a supportive neighbourhood built environment that facilitates outdoor mobility, wayfinding, and access to community destinations is key to making our communities dementia-inclusive. Research on the built environment and dementia-inclusive planning is relatively sparse in the broader research domain of neighbourhoods and dementia. Further, how PLWD perceive, interpret, and interact with the neighbourhood built environment is not adequately understood. Although it is acknowledged that PLWD should be more meaningfully included and engaged in research in this area, there is a lack of guidance on methodological and ethical considerations necessary to explore people-place relations in the neighbourhood built environment through the lens of the lived experience of PLWD. To address this gap, our paper draws from the Dementia-inclusive Streets and Community Access, Participation, and Engagement (DemSCAPE) study to highlight reflections on conducting walk-along interviews, embodied videography, photo documentation, semi-structured sit-down interviews, and visual elicitation to explore the influence of the neighbourhood built environment on the outdoor walking experience of PLWD. We discuss 1) methodological strengths, including the triangulated strategy of capturing experiential data in-situ in real time and in retrospect, and flexibly working around memory and communication-related challenges experienced by PLWD, 2) ethical challenges and measures for mitigation, 3) logistical difficulties in undertaking complex fieldwork with PLWD, limitations of the research methods, and potential alternative methods to explore in future research.
SUBJECTIVE VIEWS OF AGING AND SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG OLDER ADULTS: THEORY OF MIND AS A MEDIATOR
Authors: Bergman Yoav , Shrira Amit , Swisa Orel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Research has demonstrated the importance of subjective views of aging (VoA) for older adults’ well-being. However, little is known regarding how understanding others’ emotional states may affect this association. Accordingly, we examined whether Theory of Mind (ToM), or the ability to comprehend others’ emotions, may mediate the effect of VoA on older adults’ social functioning. Thirty community-dwelling older adults (mean age= 71.23, SD= 8.57, 50% women) filled out daily questionnaires concerning ageist attitudes, attitudes toward aging, and satisfaction with social relationships for two weeks. Positive VoA (i.e., low ageist attitudes and positive attitudes toward aging) were associated with increased ToM and higher satisfaction with social relationships. Moreover, ToM was a significant mediator for the VoA-social relationships link, as positive VoA on a given day were indicative of higher ToM levels, which were associated with increased positive social relationships. Results are discussed from the perspective of Socioemotional Selectivity Theory.
LESSONS FROM FIVE YEARS OF POLLING THROUGH THE NATIONAL POLL ON HEALTHY AGING
Authors: Solway Erica , Keenan Teresa , Lampkin Cheryl , Kirch Matthias , Singer Dianne , Kullgren Jeffrey , Malani Preeti 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Since 2017, the National Poll on Healthy Aging (NPHA) has surveyed older adults on a vast array of topics related to health, health care and health policy. With robust nationally representative samples of 2,000 adults age 50-80, the poll’s format allows for the fielding of timely questions with important public health and policy implications. For example, polls examining delayed care during the COVID-19 pandemic and experiences of physical deconditioning and falls helped to demonstrate the ways in which the pandemic may have long-lasting effects if strategies are not implemented to address them. In this presentation we will discuss how the NPHA has increased awareness of the facilitators and barriers to healthy aging and where gaps exist in supporting older adults to live with optimal health and well-being. This presentation will also describe how researchers can access publicly available NPHA data to inspire their own future research.
OLDER ADULTS' PREPAREDNESS TO AGE IN PLACE: FINDINGS FROM THE NATIONAL POLL ON HEALTHY AGING
Authors: Robinson-Lane Sheria , Solway Erica , Singer Dianne , Kirch Matthias , Kullgren Jeffrey , Malani Preeti 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Though aging in place is a stated goal for many older adults, complications of advanced disease or disability can derail these plans. Little is known about the current preparedness of older adults to age in place. The January 2022 National Poll on Healthy Aging surveyed adults age 50-80 (n=2,277) about their home and available supports. Findings indicate that while 80% of adults believe they have the necessary features in their home to support aging in place, less than one in five had homes that were wheelchair accessible and fewer than half had other common safety and accessibility features. Older adults were most confident they could obtain help with household chores (51%) and were least confident about getting assistance with personal care (33%). Persons with disabilities (n=683) and those living alone (n=639) reported the most concerns. Several opportunities exist to better prepare older adults to successfully age in place.
ADAPTATION OF FACE-TO-FACE COGNITIVE ASSESSMENTS FOR TELEPHONE ADMINISTRATION: A POTENTIAL THREAT TO VALIDITY
Authors: Smith Jason , Gibbons Laura , Mungas Dan , Glymour Maria , Zahodne Laura , Mayeda Elizabeth , Jones Richard , Gross Alden 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Telephone-administered cognitive assessments are a cost-effective, feasible, and sometimes necessary alternative to in-person assessments. However, there is a scarcity of information in large cohort studies concerning mode effects, or differences in cognitive performance attributable to assessment method instead of underlying cognition, as a potential measurement threat. We evaluated mode effects on individual cognitive items and overall cognitive score using a population-based sample of community-living older adults aged 65-79 in the US in the 2014 Health and Retirement Study for whom interview mode was randomized (n=6825). We assessed mode differences in test means and reliability, whether mode modifies associations of cognition with criterion variables, and formal measurement invariance testing by mode. Relative to those assessed face-to-face, people assessed by telephone tended to have higher scores for memory and calculation items (0.06 to 0.013 standard deviations (SD)) and lower scores for non-memory items (-0.09 to -0.01 SD). We also found evidence that estimated cognition was significantly differentially related to IADL score depending on mode of assessment, observing a stronger association among participants completing telephone interviews. Measurement invariance testing identified the largest mode differences in memory and attention items: immediate noun recall, delayed noun recall, and serial 7s scores were higher when administered by telephone. Differences by telephone vs face-to-face mode of administration are apparent in cognitive measurement in older adults, and most pronounced for tests of memory and attention that can be easier to answer via telephone. Future investigations are warranted to further evaluate methods to correct for such differences.
AFFECTIVE TRAJECTORIES: RISK OF DEMENTIA AND UNDERLYING STRUCTURAL BRAIN VARIABLES IN OLDER WOMEN
Authors: Petkus Andrew , Wang Xinhui , Resnick Susan , Beavers Daniel , Espeland Mark , Millstein Joshua , Gatz Margaret , Chen Jiu-Chiuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Understanding how trajectories of positive and negative affect relate to dementia risk and underlying structural brain variables is important for dementia prevention. We examined associations between annually assessed Positive and Negative Affect Scale subscales and dementia risk (2000-18) among cognitively-intact community-dwelling women (N=948; aged 72.9±3.7) from the Women’s Health Initiative Study of Cognitive Aging (years 2000-2010) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study (2005-2006). Joint latent class mixture models were constructed to identify latent classes of women with similar trajectories of affect and dementia risk over time. Multinomial and logistic regressions examined whether structural MRI measures predicted latent class membership (adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, clinical characteristics, and intracranial volume). Two latent classes of positive affect (high stable:88% and decreasing:12%) and four classes of negative affect (Minimal stable:75%; high stable:4%; emerging:12%; moderate decreasing:9%) were identified. With the high stable trajectory as referent, women with decreasing positive affect were more likely to develop dementia (HR=4.33;p&lt;.001). The odds of being classified as this high-dementia risk group were increased among women with more (per SD) global small vessel ischemic disease (SVID;OR=1.42;p&lt;.001), deep white matter SVID (OR=1.93;p&lt;.001), and smaller parahippocampal volumes (OR=1.41;p=.016). For negative affect, with minimal stable negative affect as referent, women with smaller hippocampal volumes were more likely to be classified as having moderate decreasing negative affect (OR=1.45;p=.024) while emerging negative affect was associated with higher dementia risk (HR=2.00;p=.014). These findings highlight the importance of changes in affect in later-life with dementia risk and potential underlying role of cerebrovascular disease and medial temporal lobe structures.
“I'M NOT A RISK-TAKER”: RISK PERCEPTIONS OF NURSING HOME RESIDENTS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Behrens Liza , Anderson Hannah , Kowalchik Kalei , Mogle Jacqueline , Van Haitsma Kimberly , Boltz Marie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Persons living with dementia (PLWD) in nursing homes (NH) are often left out of care conversations about their health and safety. These omissions impinge on their personhood and rights to have care preferences heard and honored. PLWD maintain the ability to communicate values and preferences long after their decision-making abilities are affected by cognitive changes. This study explored risk perceptions of PLWD associated with their care preferences. As part of a larger focused ethnography conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, in-depth interviews explored risk perceptions of residents (N=7) with dementia (BIMS M=9.29). Using a risk propensity survey, residents self-identified as risk avoiders (M=3.2) and content analysis of interviews revealed that PLWD perceive physical and psychosocial harms (e.g., high blood sugar, falls, choking) and benefits (e.g., feeling good, social interactions, reminiscing) related to care preferences. Results suggest it is possible for PLWD with varying levels of cognitive decline to participate in discussions about their health and safety.
DEMENTIA IN INCARCERATED SETTINGS: MAKING A DIFFERENCE IN OHIO'S PRISON SYSTEM
Authors: Sanders Margaret 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The number of individuals living in incarcerated settings with dementia will double by 2030 and triple by 2050. Older adults are the fastest growing demographic in incarcerated settings and age is the number one risk factor for dementia. The HRSA-sponsored Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program, Ohio Council for Cognitive Health, Benjamin Rose Institute on Aging and the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction (ODRC) worked together to develop Dementia Friends for Incarcerated Settings to impact the lives of those living with dementia within the correctional setting. This pilot furthered the development of this Dementia Friends programming and measured ODRC staff knowledge/attitudes about dementia, as well as uncovered the experiences and needs of staff within the ODRC. Online Dementia Friends sessions were conducted in all 27 Ohio prisons with voluntary, anonymous pre- and post-session surveys based on the Brief Tool for Dementia-Friendly Education and Training Sessions developed to measure the impact of dementia-friendly education efforts on knowledge, attitudes/perceptions, and interacting with people living with dementia and their caregivers. The results of this pilot underscored the need, usefulness and applicability of dementia education throughout the ODRC system, indicating teaching effective communication techniques within a correctional facility are helpful for those working within such settings. The results indicate benefits on both a personal and professional level. These sessions provide a starting point for potential future educational sessions to serve all members of the correctional sector. Future proposed projects will focus on people living in incarcerated settings and those transitioning back into the community.
IMMEDIATE AND FUTURE IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Williman Martha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
ODRC leadership was engaged in developing and promoting this first-of-its-kind initiative. Success was enhanced by making the training mandatory and providing CEs for employees in ODRC’s medical, behavioral health, mental health, dental and dietary departments. Our goals are to expand to all the ODRC’s over 12,000 employees and to increase dementia education in correctional settings across the U.S. In addition, we propose further developing the program to include people living in incarcerated settings and those being released into the community. With 95% of staff agreeing they would be able to use what they learned in their workplace, and over 63% of attendees stating they know someone who lives/lived with dementia, this training has implications for not only professional development, but personal support as well and provides a starting point for future education sessions to serve both staff and those living in incarcerated settings within and beyond Ohio.
PREDICTORS OF PARTICIPATION IN A TELEPHONE-BASED SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS INTERVENTION FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Adepoju Omolola , King Ben , Luo Jiangtao , Woodard LeChauncy , Dobbins Jessica , Pierett Jason , Glasheen William 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Social isolation is a well-documented contributor to poor mental and physical health, and interventions promoting social connectedness have been shown to be protective. This study examined predictors of participating in a telephone-based social connectedness intervention for socially isolated older adults.

Methods
Data was obtained from a social connectedness intervention that paired students with older adults. Eligible participants included Houston area older adults, 65 years or older, enrolled in Medicare Advantage plans. Eligible participants were contacted telephonically and asked to complete the 3-item UCLA Loneliness Scale. Those who screened positive for loneliness were invited to participate in the social connectedness intervention. Logistic regression models, that accounted for sociodemographic, clinical and functional indices, were used to identify predictors of participation.

Results
Females (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.04-1.45), and racial/ethnic minorities (African American OR: 1.39, 95%CI: 1.16-1.68; Hispanic OR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.04-1.99) were more likely to participate in a telephone-based social connectedness intervention. Older adults with a disability (OR: 2.37, 95%CI: 1.96-2.87), higher CMS Hierarchical Condition Category risk scores (OR: 1.15, 95%CI: 1.06-1.25) and those who reported having 1+ social needs (OR: 1.38, 95%CI: 1.14-1.66) were more likely to participate. Of all Charlson Comorbidity Index flags examined, diabetes was the single strongest predictor of participation (OR=2.49, p=0.02). Older adults who reported functional comorbidities for anxiety and depression were also more likely to participate.

Conclusion
Telephone-based social connectedness interventions can reach vulnerable older adults with clinical and social needs, and can be useful in addressing racial/ethnic health equity gaps in socially isolated older adults.
INTEGRATING DIVERSE CANCER PERSPECTIVES: FROM DEVELOPMENT TO IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Halpin Sean 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cancer among older adults is pervasive, putting excessive strain at the individual, caregivers, and wider society levels. In our symposium, we bring together researchers from varied disciplines—with a focus on easing the strain of cancer on older adults by identifying important gaps in care and developing and implementing innovative methods for improving health services. First, Carrion will discuss the multifactorial experience of fears and beliefs about cancer and cancer prevention in 57 older Latino men. Krok-Schoen will discuss the longitudinal association between religiosity and cognitive functioning among older adults with hematological cancers. Next, Seaman will discuss engaging hard-to-reach patients and those who underutilize the health system. Blackberry will then describe an implementation and impact framework of a five-year research program to improve care in older people with cancer. Lastly, Halpin will discuss the 36-month implementation of a video-based patient education program for patients with multiple myeloma who are preparing for autologous stem cell transplant. Understanding the development and implementation of programs aimed at improving health services among older adults with cancer will help improve understanding potential methods for identifying and addressing health services challenges in these populations.
IMPLEMENTING AND MEASURING IMPACT OF A FIVE-YEAR TRANSLATIONAL GERIATRIC ONCOLOGY RESEARCH PROGRAM
Authors: Blackberry Irene , Steer Christopher , Rasekaba Tshepo , Rich Stacey , Webb Nicole , Young Kim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Geriatric Oncology Regional Victorian Trials Alliance, Linkages, Special populations, Equity program (GO ReViTALISE) is part of a five-year state-wide grant to increase access to cancer clinical trials in regional Victoria, Australia. The initiative covers engagement with key stakeholders and trial sites, co-design of research programs with consumers, implementation of multiple interventional and non-interventional research, and capacity building. Employing a framework prospectively is critical to guide and scaffold implementation of complex interventions and capture the process of how several activities interact. Likewise, there is a need to show research impact beyond successful implementation and clinical outcomes. Using the GO ReViTALISE as a case study, we will demonstrate how an implementation framework and the Framework to Assess the Impact from Translational health research can deliver a cohesive, impactful and measurable program of research to increase older adults’ participation in cancer clinical trials, trials availability and build capacity in regional cancer sites.
SUPPORTING DECISIONS ABOUT END-OF-LIFE CARE IN DEMENTIA: FEASIBILITY OF A DECISION AID
Authors: Davies Nathan , Aker Narin , Vickerstaff Victoria , Sampson Elizabeth , Rait Greta 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Decisions about end-of-life care are often left to family caregivers to make with professionals. Caregivers find these decisions difficult. A decision aid is one option to support family caregivers. We aimed to test the acceptability and feasibility of a co-produced decision aid for family carers of people with severe dementia or those towards the end of life in the UK. We aimed to recruit 30 family caregivers for a 6 month pre-post test feasibility study. Primary outcome was the feasibility of the study. We included quantitative measures at baseline, 3 month and 6 months, including: Decisional Conflict scale (DCS) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). We recruited 28 carers (93% target), 26 completed baseline and 20 completed 6 month follow up. All outcomes changed indicating improvement at 6 months. Qualitative interviews reported the decision aid was acceptable. We met our success criteria, the study is feasible and the decision aid acceptable to caregivers.