bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE UNIQUE IMPACT OF THE COVID PANDEMIC ON PREDOCTORAL GEROPSYCHOLOGY TRAINING: RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE FIELD
Authors: Reel Candice , Bashian Hannah , Boyle Julia , Jacobs Mary , Mlinac Michelle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted predoctoral psychology training at the graduate, practicum, and internship levels including a greater reliance on telehealth and evolving learning needs. However its unique impact on geropsychology training has not been explored. The Building Bridges workgroup for predoctoral training faculty levels, we describe opportunities and barriers to address evolving geropsychology training needs during the pandemic as determined through working group discussion. Negative impacts to training identified include: decreased opportunities for 1) face-to-face patient care and 2) telehealth care due to disparities in telehealth access and utilization in older adults. Other impacts on the geropsychology pipeline include declining opportunities to see older adults at practicum sites. Conversely, increased media attention to the impact of COVID on older adults’ physical and mental health may lead to graduate students’ having greater interest in geriatric mental health and reinforcing a geropsychology career. Recommendations for training programs to address the long-term ramifications of the pandemic will be offered.
PAY RATES AND EMOTIONAL LABOR: CONTENT ANALYSIS OF JOB ADVERTISEMENTS FOR HOME HEALTH AIDES
Authors: Pond Brittney 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the United States, over 3.5 million home health aides provide care and assistance to older adults and people with disabilities living in the community (Almeida, Cohen, Stone, & Weller, 2021). These providers are often tasked with emotionally and physically demanding work and are poorly compensated for their labor. In this poster I discuss the connection between the emotional demands of home health care jobs and their compensation through a quantitative content analysis of online job advertisements for home health aide positions (n=312). This research addresses two primary research questions: 1) what are the prevailing pay rates for home health aides and how do they compare to living wages? 2) what is the relationship between emotion work requirements and pay rates in home health aide job advertisements? In about 57% of the job advertisements hourly wages were not sufficient to meet the living wage level according to the MIT Living Wage Calculator. Using linear probability models, I found that there is no statistically significant difference between pay rates listed by home health agencies requiring emotional labor and home health agencies not requiring emotional labor while holding education, experience, and licensure requirements constant. Stratifying the data by home health agency/company size (1,000 employees or less and 5,000 employees or more) yielded no statistically significant results. These findings support and expand upon existing literature that home health aides are undercompensated for their work regardless of agency size, and provide evidence for the need for fair compensation and support.
PET OWNERSHIP AND MAINTENANCE OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTION IN OLDER ADULTS– EVIDENCE FROM THE BLSA
Authors: Friedmann Erika , Gee Nancy , Simonsick Eleanor , Kitner-Triolo Melissa , Barr Erik , Resnick Barbara , Adesanya Ikmat , Gurlu Merve 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pet ownership (PO) or human-animal interaction (HAI) has been associated with better physical and mental health in individuals with existing disease or disability. In experimental studies, HAI improves some aspects of cognitive function. No research addresses HAI and longitudinal changes in cognitive function in older adults. We examined the relationship of PO to maintaining executive function (EF) within generally healthy community-dwelling older adults in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). We hypothesized less EF deterioration among pet owners than non-owners; and less deterioration among dog-walkers than owners who don’t walk their dogs. 637 women (55.9%) and men aged 50–100 years (M=68.3, SD=9.6) completed a PO questionnaire which ascertained ownership history and comprehensive examination every 1–4 years over 1–13 years (M=7.5, SD=3.6). Linear mixed models with time varying PO examined changes in EF according to PO. Pet owners (n=185) were younger (p &lt; 0.001) and healthier (p=0.030) than non-owners; thus, age and comorbidities were included as covariates in the longitudinal analyses. EF, assessed using the Trail-Making Test (TMT), deteriorated with age (p’s &lt; 0.001). Deterioration was less severe among pet owners than non-owners (TMT A: p &lt; 0.001; B: p &lt; 0.001; difference: p=0.042) and dog owners than non-owners (TMT A: p=0.025; B: p=0.009; difference: p=0.076), but not among cat owners than non-owners. Among dog owners (n=73), dog walkers experienced less deterioration than non-walkers (TMT A: p=0.156; B: p=0.001; difference: p &lt; 0.001). This study provides the first longitudinal evidence that PO may contribute to maintaining EF among community-dwelling generally healthy older adults as they age.
INTERNALIZED HOMOPHOBIA MEDIATING THE RELATIONSHIP OF SELF-CONCEALMENT ON DEPRESSION IN LGB OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Calzada Christopher , Goar Carl St , Hollander Matthew , Mo Vennisia , Kiefer Jamie , Hougaard Ben , Carre Nicole , Gomez Rowena 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated that self-concealment of sexual orientation may negatively affect the wellbeing of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults (Hu, Wang, & Wu, 2013). Additionally, studies have indicated that internalized homophobia significantly predicts depressive symptoms in LGB older adults (Sharma & Subramanyam, 2020). The present study examined how internalized homophobia may mediate the predictive relationship between self-concealment on depression symptoms in LGB older adults. As part of a larger study, participants (Nf301) responded to several questions and measures including the Sexual Orientation Self-Concealment Scale, The Internalized Homophobia Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Using the Baron and Kenny’s Method for Mediation (1986), the data analysis indicated that internalized homophobia fully mediates the relationship between self-concealment and depression severity (ps &lt; .05). These results suggest that older adults who self-conceal their sexual orientation may experience an increase in depressive symptoms because of internalized homophobias. These findings may help clinicians better understand the mechanisms contributing to the high rates of depressive symptoms within the older LGB population. Furthermore, the findings suggest that cognitive restructuring of thoughts related to internalized homophobia and self-concealment may improve depressive severity in older LGB adults.
RISKS FOR LATER-LIFE COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: DISENTANGLING CHILDHOOD AND EARLY FAMILY-LIFE PREDICTORS
Authors: Mundy Lindsey , Johnson Kimson , Smith Jacqui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Observing later-life health outcomes using a life-course model uncovers critical periods of influence. We investigated the relationship between five multi-component measures of childhood disadvantage (determined by Morton et al., 2022) and risk of cognitive impairment (determined by the Langa-Weir Classification) in later life. Data from the Health and Retirement Study (n= 9,509) were used. We conducted a multivariable parametric survival analysis to examine the relationships between the early life predictors of low socioeconomic status (SES), childhood impairments, risky adolescent behaviors, risky parental behaviors, and childhood chronic illness and the risk of developing later-life cognitive impairment between 2006 and 2016. We found that each additional indicator of low SES, risky adolescent behavior, and impairment in childhood increased the risk of developing cognitive impairment over the 10 years studied (HR=1.14, p &lt; .05; HR=1.15, p &lt; .05; HR=1.19, p &lt; .05). Additional indicators of risky parental behaviors, however, were related to a smaller risk of developing cognitive impairment over time (HR=0.96, p &lt; .05). Childhood chronic illness was not significantly associated with the risk of developing cognitive impairment. These results show that early-life factors might have long-term implications for the development of cognitive impairment in later life and display differential relationships with risk when parsed into competing categories. Measures of disadvantage indicating smaller risk may point to the resilience and plasticity of the brain in early life and highlight the need for the study of multiple life stages in order to track predictors of cognitive impairment throughout the life course.
RISK OF HEART FAILURE AFTER CATHETER ABLATION VS. MEDICAL THERAPY FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Carrero Ricardo Criado , Crawford Andrew , Zadeh Ali Vaeli , Wong Alan , Fleischhacker Alexander , Collado Elias , Larned Joshua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Age increases the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Catheter ablation (CA) proved being safer and superior to anti-arrhythmic drugs (AADs) in maintaining sinus rhythm and preventing readmissions. However, data on the risk of developing heart failure (HF) following each treatment in older adults is limited.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted using the PearlDiver database (PearlDiver Technologies, Fort Wayne, IN). Using ICD 9 and 10 codes, a cohort of patients without a history of HF, aged 65 to 75, with an Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI) of &gt;4 and new-onset AF (index event) was identified. The cohort was then divided into two groups based on treatment received following the index event and matched considering age, gender, ECI, and other cardiovascular diseases. Records from both groups were reviewed for the first episode of HF over 12 months following the initiation of treatment. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to compare groups. The strength of association was reported using Risk Ratios (RR). A p-value &lt; 0.05 was deemed significant.

Results
6,446 were included in each group. The mean age, gender and ECI were indifferent. 958 (15%) of patients treated with AADs and 987 (15.3%) of patients treated with CA had a first episode of HF over a year after the treatment which was not significantly different between groups (RR=1.03, CI95% = 0.95- 1.11, p=0.49).

Conclusion
The modality of treatment after the first episode of AF in older population doesn’t significantly affect the risk of HF over the first year.
IMPACT OF OACS ON OUTCOMES OF COVID-19 INFECTION IN OLDER ADULTS WITH HISTORY OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Carrero Ricardo Criado , Crawford Andrew Carl , Vaeli Zadeh Ali , Wong Alan , De Ana , Diaz Diego , Collado Elias , Larned Joshua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Age, atrial fibrillation (AF), and COVID-19 infection predispose patients to hypercoagulability and poor outcomes. It is unclear if older adults with AF and COVID-19 infection would benefit from oral anticoagulants (OACs).

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted using the PearlDiver database (PearlDiver Technologies, Fort Wayne, IN). Using ICD-10 codes, adults aged 65–75 and Elixhauser Comorbidity index(ECI) &gt;4 with a history of AF admitted for COVID-19 were identified. The use of OACs for 6 months before the index event was used to split the cohort into two propensity score-matched groups considering age, gender, and ECI. Records from both groups were reviewed for multiple outcomes during the same admission. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to compare groups. The strength of association was reported using Risk Ratios (RR). A p-value &lt; 0.05 was deemed significant.

Results
We compared 16,967 individuals in both anticoagulated and non-anticoagulated groups. Anticoagulated patients had a lower risk of mortality (RR=0.11, p=0.026), and a higher risk of 30-day all-cause readmission(RR=1.12, p &lt; 0.0001). However, there were no differences in ICU admission, gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, thromboembolic events, or length of hospitalization.

Conclusion
Compared to non-anticoagulated patients, older adults with a history AF on chronic oral anticoagulants had a lower risk of all-cause mortality, and higher risk of 30-day all-cause readmission. This information would help clinicians decide whether to prescribe OACs to this population of patients.
RESEARCH ON AGING: THE INTERNATIONAL VIEW FROM THE EDITORS' DESKS
Authors: Burr Jeffrey , Peng Chagmin , Kim Kyungmin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We review the scope, content, and focus of the peer-reviewed journal, Research on Aging (SAGE), publishing its 45th volume this year. We will discuss how scholarship produced from researchers around the globe has changed over the years. Data on submissions, acceptance rates, and the important role of an international editorial board will be presented. The review process will be described, along with suggestions on how to increase chances of success when submitting original research. Although Research on Aging is sometimes considered to focus primarily on social gerontology, the scope in recent years has widened considerably, with manuscripts in aging studies published from such fields as economics, psychology, demography, public health, and public policy, as well as from sociology, and social work, among others. One of several special issues forthcoming in the journal will be described to demonstrate the possibilities for international impact.
SHORT- AND LONG-TERM OUTCOMES AFTER HIP SURGERY IN OLDER ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT HEART FAILURE
Authors: Wei Sijia , Pan Wei , Xue Tingzhong (Michelle) , Tsumura Hideyo , Lee Chiyoung , McConnell Eleanor 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Older adults with heart failure (HF) have a higher risk for adverse outcomes after hip fracture surgery than those without. Propensity score matching (PSM) reduces selection bias and makes a direct group comparison (older adults with and without HF) possible. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of HF on short-and long-term outcomes after hip fracture surgery in older adults living with and without HF. Electronic health records data of older adults (n = 1171) hospitalized for hip fracture surgery between October 2015 and December 2018 were extracted. Comparison groups (with and without HF) were identified using 1:1 ratio PSM to control for observed differences in baseline characteristics. Regression models were used to compare group differences in outcomes. Although in analyses without PSM, older adults with HF were more likely to have higher 90-day readmission, and 30-, 90-, and 365-day mortality, this association was not significant after controlling for selection bias. However, the associations between having HF with 30-day readmission and longer length of stay were significant before and after PSM. Additionally, if patients did not receive hip fracture surgery procedures within two days of admission, they had a 3.6-day longer inpatient stay (P-value &lt; 0.0001) and were 47.8 times more likely to die during hospitalization (95%CI 4.9–482.0, P-value &lt; 0.001). Being non-white was significantly associated with higher 90- and 365-day mortality. Future research should consider PSM approach on national representative datasets to rigorously evaluate the effects of HF on mortality and readmission following hip fracture surgery in older adults.
IMPACT OF A DRIVING DECISION AID ON DECISIONAL CONFLICT AMONG OLDER ADULT DRIVERS AND THEIR STUDY PARTNERS
Authors: Fowler Nicole , Johnson Rachel , Peterson Ryan , Schroeder Matthew , DiGuiseppi Carolyn , Han Duke , Hill Linda , Betz Marian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Forty-four million US licensed drivers are ≥65 years old and at higher crash risk. Decision-making about stopping or continuing driving is difficult and often involves family and friends. This study examines if decision conflict about changing driving habits is associated between older adult drivers and their study partners (SPs) (i.e., family member or friend). Data were from a multi-site trial assessing a driving decision aid. Decision conflict about stopping or continuing driving for drivers and their SPs were measured with the Decision Conflict Scale (DCS). Dyadic associations between drivers’ and SPs’ DCS scores pre- and post-decision aid implementation were analyzed using an actor-partner interdependence model. Among 228 driver-SP dyads, driver mean (SD) age was 77.1 (5.1) years; 50.0% female; 98.7% non-Hispanic; 94.7% white; and 97.8% urban-dwelling. SPs mean age was 66.1 years (13.9); 65.8% female; 95.6% non-Hispanic; 92.1% white; and commonly the driver’s spouse (54.6%) or adult child (21.1%). Most drivers (71.7%) and SPs (63.3%) had baseline DCS scores &lt; 25 (drivers mean 18.5 (SD 12.3); SPs 20.5 (16.8)), suggesting low decision conflict. DCS was correlated within dyads at baseline (r=0.18, p &lt; 0.01), and baseline DCS was associated with post-decision aid DCS (p &lt; 0.001 for SPs [β=0.73] and drivers [β=0.73]). While SPs’ baseline DCS was not associated with drivers’ post-decision aid DCS, drivers’ baseline DCS and SPs’ post-decision DCS were (β=0.10; p=0.036). Higher decision conflict about driving felt by older drivers is frequently shared by their SPs, in whom decision conflict may persist even after a driving decision aid intervention.
PERCEIVED FINANCIAL VULNERABILITY, WEALTH, AND WEALTH CHANGE: THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY
Authors: Maynard Madison , Flores Emily , Paulson Daniel , Lichtenberg Peter 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Financial vulnerability among older adults is an escalating social concern given all too frequent financial exploitation of this population. The 6-item Perceived Financial Vulnerability (PFV) was derived from the 56-item Lichtenberg Financial Decision Rating Scale to examine awareness and psychological vulnerability regarding finances. It was included as an experimental module in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in 2018. Prior findings have identified significant associations of PFV with wealth, demographics, and health status. The goals of the current study were to examine the relationship between wealth, changes in wealth, and perceived financial vulnerability. The sample included 1156 respondents to the HRS. Respondents were 57.5% female and 77.2% Caucasian. Average age was 68.28 (SD = 10.74) and average years of education was 13.11 (SD = 2.88). The PFV demonstrated adequate internal consistency (α = .60). Total assets at baseline (2016) and change in total assets over two waves (2016 to 2018) were independently stratified into deciles and used as primary predictors of perceived financial vulnerability in 2018. A multiple linear regression model was conducted to examine these relationships. Consistent with previous findings, demographics (R2=0.04, F(5,1150)=10.07, p &lt; .001) and baseline wealth (B= -0.20, SE=0.02, p &lt; .001) predicted PFV scores. Subsequent addition of wealth change (B=-0.06, SE=0.02, p=.002) significantly contributed to overall variance accounted for (p &lt; .01). Negative wealth change over two years and low baseline wealth related to higher PFV. These findings support the construct and the PFV measure as valid and informative.
TECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN INTERGENERATIONAL PROGRAM IN THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Groden Sheryl , Carpenter Matthew , Blackwood Jennifer , Goldberg Allon 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Intergenerational programs increase interaction among groups allowing both generations to share their beliefs, talents, knowledge, and wisdom. The Senior Programming Intergenerational College Experience (SPICE) Project was designed to deliver an 11-week long intergenerational program with college-aged and older adult participants and was provided virtually during the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to describe the participation characteristics and attitudes towards aging and technology of older adults who completed the SPICE program. Older adult recruitment occurred through paper fliers posted at senior centers/housing, libraries, faith-based organizations in Genesee County, Michigan and through a large state-wide electronic study recruitment portal. Older adult participants were English speaking; aged 55+ years; able to participate in live Zoom sessions once/week; and were committed to complete &gt;75% of the SPICE program. Online surveys were completed before/after SPICE to evaluate attitudes towards aging and technophilia. Results from 15 older adults who completed &gt;75% of SPICE sessions indicated that they were able to cope with life as they got older (60%), viewed aging as a positive experience (85.7%), were not afraid to use new technology (68.6%) and believed technology was useful/fun (88.6%). Older adults were divided on willingness to try new technology and their ability to keep up with technological progress. These data indicate that for higher education institutions focused on designing age-inclusive online opportunities, older adults who possess a positive attitude toward aging and technology may be more likely to complete intergenerational programs.
AFRICAN-AMERICAN DEMENTIA CAREGIVER STRATEGIES INVENTORY (DCSI-A): INITIAL PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION
Authors: Lampe Nik , Glueckauf Robert , Behers Benjamin , Wang Yuxia , Jean-Pierre Sarai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Recent studies have found promising evidence of the benefits of cognitive-behavioral interventions (CBIs) in improving depression and health status of African-American dementia caregivers (CGs). However, limited information exists about the specific CB strategies used in these investigations and which CB strategies were most effective in reducing caregiver distress and distress-related health problems. To address these shortcomings, Glueckauf and colleagues developed the African-American Dementia Caregiver Strategies Inventory (DCSI-A) using data from two CBI interventions (Nf129). The primary objectives of the current study were: (a) to identify the most frequently used categories of CBI strategies deployed by African-American CGs and (b) to conduct an initial evaluation of the psychometric properties of the DCSI-A. Descriptive statistics were calculated to assess strategy category frequency and percent of total responses. The two most frequently used strategies were: (1) CG Health-Related Intervention Strategies with 19 endorsements, 16.10% of total strategies and (2) Strategies for CG Social, Recreational, Personal Enhancement and Other Community Activities with 18 endorsements, 15.25% of total responses. These findings suggested that health-related and social, recreational, and personal enhancement strategies were the most commonly used by African-American CBI participants. Intercoder agreement was assessed across two one-month coding intervals, each of which contained 5 coding sessions. Mean percent of agreement and Kappa were .94 and .93, respectively. Both reliability measures fell within the highly acceptable range. Coder drift was minimal across the two time intervals. Future research will evaluate the psychometric properties of the DCSI-A with a larger sample of African-American CGs undergoing CBI.