bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosis Endophenotypes: A Gene-Set-Specific Polygenic Risk Score Analysis
Authors: Wang Baihan , Irizar Haritz , Thygesen Johan H , Zartaloudi Eirini , Austin-Zimmerman Isabelle , Bhat Anjali , Harju-Seppänen Jasmine , Pain Oliver , Bass Nick , Gkofa Vasiliki , Alizadeh Behrooz Z , van Amelsvoort Therese , Arranz Maria J , Bender Stephan , Cahn Wiepke , Stella Calafato Maria , Crespo-Facorro Benedicto , Di Forti Marta ,   Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP) Study, Giegling Ina , de Haan Lieuwe , Hall Jeremy , Hall Mei-Hua , van Haren Neeltje , Iyegbe Conrad , Kahn René S , Kravariti Eugenia , Lawrie Stephen M , Lin Kuang , Luykx Jurjen J , Mata Ignacio , McDonald Colm , McIntosh Andrew M , Murray Robin M ,   Psychosis Endophenotypes International Consortium (PEIC), Picchioni Marco , Powell John , Prata Diana P , Rujescu Dan , Rutten Bart P F , Shaikh Madiha , Simons Claudia J P , Toulopoulou Timothea , Weisbrod Matthias , van Winkel Ruud , Kuchenbaecker Karoline , McQuillin Andrew , Bramon Elvira 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Endophenotypes can help to bridge the gap between psychosis and its genetic predispositions, but their underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aims to identify biological mechanisms that are relevant to the endophenotypes for psychosis, by partitioning polygenic risk scores into specific gene sets and testing their associations with endophenotypes.

Study Design
We computed polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder restricted to brain-related gene sets retrieved from public databases and previous publications. Three hundred and seventy-eight gene-set-specific polygenic risk scores were generated for 4506 participants. Seven endophenotypes were also measured in the sample. Linear mixed-effects models were fitted to test associations between each endophenotype and each gene-set-specific polygenic risk score.

Study Results
After correction for multiple testing, we found that a reduced P300 amplitude was associated with a higher schizophrenia polygenic risk score of the forebrain regionalization gene set (mean difference per SD increase in the polygenic risk score: −1.15 µV; 95% CI: −1.70 to −0.59 µV; P = 6 × 10−5). The schizophrenia polygenic risk score of forebrain regionalization also explained more variance of the P300 amplitude (R2 = 0.032) than other polygenic risk scores, including the genome-wide polygenic risk scores.

Conclusions
Our finding on reduced P300 amplitudes suggests that certain genetic variants alter early brain development thereby increasing schizophrenia risk years later. Gene-set-specific polygenic risk scores are a useful tool to elucidate biological mechanisms of psychosis and endophenotypes, offering leads for experimental validation in cellular and animal models.
Religion-Related Legitimations in Abortion Policy-Making in Poland. What Do They Tell Us About the Public Role of Religion?
Authors: Zielińska Katarzyna , Borowik Irena , Koralewska Inga , Zwierżdżyński Marcin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The existing research on and conceptualization of the public presence of religion usually builds on the Habermasian understanding of the public sphere. This has centered the discussion on the public presence of religion around the question of where such a presence is justified. Discourse theories offer an alternative understanding, stating that the public sphere is an area of struggles where diverse discourses compete to establish a definition of social reality as taken for granted and hegemonic. This shift opens the question of how a given definition of social reality becomes taken for granted, pointing to the role of legitimation. Against this background, our article argues that religion’s ability to serve as a valuable “resource” for building justifications in discursive struggles for hegemony could serve as indicators of its presence in the public sphere. Along these lines, we analyze religion’s legitimizing role in abortion policy-making in Poland.
Effects of copper, zinc, and manganese source and inclusion during late gestation on beef cow–calf performance, mineral transfer, and metabolism
Authors: Stephenson Emma L , Rathert-Williams Abigail R , Kenny Ann L , Nagy Dusty W , Shoemake Brian M , McFadden Thomas B , Tucker Heather A , Meyer Allison M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To determine effects of Cu, Zn, and Mn source and inclusion during late gestation, multiparous beef cows [n = 48; 649 ± 80 kg body weight (BW); 5.3 ± 0.5 body condition score (BCS)] were individually-fed hay and supplement to meet or exceed all nutrient recommendations except Cu, Zn, and Mn. From 91.2 ± 6.2 d pre-calving to 11.0 ± 3.2 d post-calving, cows received: no additional Cu, Zn, or Mn (control, CON), sulfate-based Cu, Zn, and Mn (inorganic, ITM) or metal methionine hydroxy analogue chelates (MMHAC) of Cu, Zn, and Mn at 133% recommendations, or a combination of inorganic and chelated Cu, Zn, and Mn (reduce and replace, RR) to meet 100% of recommendations. Data were analyzed with treatment and breeding group (and calf sex if P &lt; 0.25 for offspring measures) as fixed effects, animal as experimental unit, and sampling time as a repeated effect for serum, plasma, and milk measures over time. Post-calving cow liver Cu was greater (P ≤ 0.07) in MMHAC compared with all other treatments. Calves born to RR had greater (P ≤ 0.05) liver Cu than ITM and CON, and MMHAC had greater (P = 0.06) liver Cu than CON. Liver Mn was less (P ≤ 0.08) for RR calves than all other treatments. Calf plasma Zn was maintained (P ≥ 0.15) from 0 to 48 h of age in ITM and MMHAC but decreased (P ≤ 0.03) in CON and RR. Gestational cow BW, BCS, and metabolites were not affected (P ≥ 0.13) by treatment, but gestational serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were greater (P = 0.01) for CON than MMHAC. Treatment did not affect (P ≥ 0.13) calf birth size, vigor, placental size and minerals, or transfer of passive immunity. Neonatal calf serum Ca was greater (P ≤ 0.05) for MMHAC than all other treatments; other calf serum chemistry and plasma cortisol were not affected (P ≥ 0.12). Pre-suckling colostrum yield, and lactose concentration and content, were greater (P ≤ 0.06) for MMHAC compared with ITM and RR. Colostral triglyceride and protein concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.08) for RR than MMHAC and CON. Cow lactational BW and BCS, milk yield and composition, and pre-weaning calf BW and metabolism were not affected (P ≥ 0.13) by treatment. Lactational serum TBARS were greater (P = 0.04) for RR than CON at day 35 and greater (P ≤ 0.09) for MMHAC at day 60 than all other treatments. Source and inclusion of Cu, Zn, and Mn altered maternal and neonatal calf mineral status, but calf size and vigor at birth, passive transfer, and pre-weaning growth were not affected in this study.
ADME characterization and PBK model development of 3 highly protein-bound UV filters through topical application
Authors: Li Hequn , Bunglawala Fazila , Hewitt Nicola J , Pendlington Ruth , Cubberley Richard , Nicol Beate , Spriggs Sandrine , Baltazar Maria , Cable Sophie , Dent Matthew 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Estimating human exposure in the safety assessment of chemicals is crucial. Physiologically based kinetic (PBK) models which combine information on exposure, physiology, and chemical properties, describing the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) processes of a chemical, can be used to calculate internal exposure metrics such as maximum concentration and area under the concentration-time curve in plasma or tissues of a test chemical in next-generation risk assessment. This article demonstrates the development of PBK models for 3 UV filters, specifically octyl methoxycinnamate, octocrylene, and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor. The models were parameterized entirely based on data obtained from in vitro and/or in silico methods in a bottom-up modeling approach and then validated based on human dermal pharmacokinetic (PK) data. The 3 UV filters are “difficult to test” in in vitro test systems due to high lipophilicity, high binding affinity for proteins, and nonspecific binding, for example, toward plastic. This research work presents critical considerations in ADME data generation, interpretation, and parameterization to assure valid PBK model development to increase confidence in using PBK modeling to help make safety decisions in the absence of human PK data. The developed PBK models of the 3 chemicals successfully simulated the plasma concentration profiles of clinical PK data following dermal application, indicating the reliability of the ADME data generated and the parameters determined. The study also provides insights and lessons learned for characterizing ADME and developing PBK models for highly lipophilic and protein-bound chemicals in the future.
Immunotoxicity of N-butylbenzenesulfonamide: impacts on immune function in adult mice and developmentally exposed rats
Authors: Johnson Victor J , Rider Cynthia V , Luster Michael I , Brix Amy , Burleson Gary R , Cora Michelle , Elmore Susan A , Frawley Rachel P , Lopez Franklin R , Mutlu Esra , Shockley Keith R , Pierfelice Jessica , Burback Brian , Co Caroll A , Germolec Dori R 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
N-butylbenzenesulfonamide (NBBS) is a high-production volume plasticizer that is an emerging contaminant of concern for environmental and human health. To understand the risks and health effects of exposure to NBBS, studies were conducted in adult-exposed mice and developmentally exposed rats to evaluate the potential for NBBS to modulate the immune system. Beginning between 8 and 9 weeks of age, dosed feed containing NBBS at concentrations of 0, 313, 625, 1250, 2500, and 5000 ppm was continuously provided to B6C3F1/N female mice for 28 days. Dosed feed was also continuously provided to time-mated Harlan Sprague Dawley (Sprague Dawley SD) rats at concentrations of 0-, 250-, 500-, and 1000-ppm NBBS from gestation day 6 to postnatal day 28 and in F1 rats until 11–14 weeks of age. Functional assessments of innate, humoral, and cell-mediated immunity were conducted in adult female mice and F1 rats following exposure to NBBS. In female mice, NBBS treatment suppressed the antibody-forming cell (AFC) response to SRBC with small increases in T-cell responses and natural killer (NK)-cell activity. In developmentally exposed rats, NBBS treatment-related immune effects were sex dependent. A positive trend in NK-cell activity occurred in male F1 rats while a negative trend occurred in female F1 rats. The AFC response to SRBC was decreased in female F1 rats but not in male F1 rats. These data provide evidence that oral exposure to NBBS has the potential to produce immunomodulatory effects on both innate and adaptive immune responses, and these effects appear to have some dependence on species, sex, and period of exposure (developmental vs adult).
Eocene origin of anemone-carrying behaviour in polydectine crabs (Brachyura: Xanthidae)
Authors: Gries Lennart , Paule Juraj , Sonnewald Moritz , Nilsson Maria A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The crabs in the subfamily Polydectinae (family Xanthidae) have adapted a defence behaviour in which living invertebrates are used as protection from predators. The polydectine crabs carry a living invertebrate, a sea anemone or nudibranch, in each claw, which is positioned in front of the body and waved to scare off attackers. In an attempt to trace the origin of this behaviour, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of 19 crabs (encompassing 12 genera) from museum samples. The complete mitochondrial genomes were included in a larger dataset with previously published sequences and analysed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. The divergence times of the polydectine crab radiation were estimated using the mitochondrial dataset and fossil calibration points. Our results show that the anemone-carrying polydectine crabs consist of at least three deep evolutionary lineages that evolved in the Late Eocene. All three lineages share the unique behaviour suggesting that it emerged in the ancestor to Polydectinae nearly 40 million years ago and has persisted in all living species.
Evaluating The Effect Of Pregabalin In The Treatment Of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Bismaya Kumar , Singh Varun Kumar , Pathak Abhishek , Kumar Anand , Mishra Vijaya Nath , Joshi Deepika , Chaurasia Rameshwar Nath 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of pregabalin for control of symptoms in mild to moderate idiopathic Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Methods:
In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 146 mild to moderate idiopathic CTS patients were randomized into pregabalin (n=74) and placebo group (n=72). Per protocol analysis was done in 131 patients; pregabalin (n=65) and placebo (n=66). Drug titration dose was 50 mg once daily for 1st week, twice daily for 2nd week and thrice daily for next 6 weeks. Primary outcome included change in Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) and Functional Status Scale (FSS) of Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire after 8th week. Secondary outcome was the change in clinical and electrophysiological grading after 8 weeks of therapy.

Results:
There was a statistically significant improvement in the mean SSS (14.92±3.72 vs. 16.55±4.45; P=0.025) and FSS (10.77±2.64 vs. 12.0±2.55; P=0.007) in the pregabalin group after 8 weeks. Mean clinical and electrophysiological grading changed significantly from 2.3±0.7 to 2.1±0.8 (P=0.001) and 1.9±0.7 to 1.8±0.8 (P=0.020) respectively in pregabalin group but not in placebo group.

Discussion:
This study demonstrates that pregabalin is effective in ameliorating symptoms and improving functional outcomes in mild to moderate idiopathic CTS.
The Rates of Postmastectomy Immediate Breast Reconstruction during the Initial Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sadri Babak S. , Cunning Jessica , Kincaid Hope , Standlick Alyssa , Allen Lauren , Murphy Robert X. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-related changes may have led to changes in immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) rates. We aimed to evaluate these changes before, during, and after the initial wave of COVID-19.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed women who underwent mastectomy with or without IBR from January 1 to September 30, 2019 and from January 1 to September 30, 2020, and compared demographic, clinical, and surgical variables between defined time periods.

Results:
A total of 202 mastectomies were included. Fewer patients underwent IBR during the initial surge of COVID-19 (surge period) compared with the months before (presurge period; 38.46% versus 70.97%, P = 0.0433). When comparing the postsurge period with a year before (postsurge control), fewer patients underwent reconstruction even after the initial surge had passed (53.13% versus 81.25%, P = 0.0007). Those who underwent IBR were older than the year before (59.34 versus 53.06, P = 0.0181). The median number of postoperative visits in the postsurge period was 8.50 (interquartile range: 6–12) compared with 14 (interquartile range: 8–20.50) in the year before (P = 0.0017). The overall incidences of complications and unanticipated resource utilization were also significantly lower in the postsurge period compared with the year before [5.88% versus 30.77% (P = 0.0055), and 14.71% versus 28.85% (P = 0.0103), respectively].

Conclusions:
IBR rates were lower even after the initial surge than at the year before. Furthermore, during the pandemic, IBR patients were older, had fewer follow-up visits, and fewer reported complications.
Game Changers: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Innovations of the Last 100 Years
Authors: Asghari Arya , O’Connor Madeline J. , Attalla Philopatir , Ewing Emily , Lee Clara J. , Greene Arin , Lee Clara N. , Lifchez Scott , Sacks Justin M. , Gosman Amanda 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Innovation is an essential aspect of plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS), whether it involves improving current processes or implementing radical change that disrupts the status quo. Collaborating and sharing innovations help advance the field of PRS as a whole.

Methods:
An anonymous survey was administered to members of the American Association of Plastic Surgeons on their opinions of the top five innovations in PRS of the last 100 years.

Results:
A list of 69 unique innovations were compiled; the top five innovations overall were microsurgery, myocutaneous flaps, craniofacial surgery, negative pressure wound therapy, and organ transplantation. This list was reviewed by the American Association of Plastic Surgeons Technology Committee, and expanded to 100 unique innovations.

Conclusions:
We discuss why the above innovations were essential to the development of PRS, as well as the unique factors that can make a new product or procedure into something that remodels the field of PRS.
Antidepressant-Associated Treatment Emergent Mania
Authors: Nuñez Nicolas A. , Coombes Brandon J. , Melhuish Beaupre Lindsay , Romo-Nava Francisco , Gardea-Resendez Manuel , Ozerdem Aysegul , Veldic Marin , Singh Balwinder , Sanchez Ruiz Jorge A. , Cuellar-Barboza Alfredo , Leung Jonathan G. , Prieto Miguel L. , McElroy Susan L. , Biernacka Joanna M. , Frye Mark A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study was to review the association between the SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and antidepressant (AD)-associated treatment emergent mania (TEM) in bipolar disorder alongside starting a discussion on the merits of developing risk stratification models to guide when not to provide AD treatment for bipolar depression.

Methods
Studies that examined the association between clinical and genetic risk factors, specifically monoaminergic transporter genetic variation, and TEM were identified. A meta-analysis was performed using the odds ratio to estimate the effect size under the Der-Simonian and Laird model.

Results
Seven studies, referencing the SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and TEM (total N = 1578; TEM+ =594, TEM− = 984), of 142 identified articles were included. The time duration between the start of the AD to emergence of TEM ranged from 4 to 12 weeks. There was a nominally significant association between the s allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and TEM (odds ratio, 1.434; 95% confidence interval, 1.001–2.055; P = 0.0493; I
2 = 52%). No studies have investigated norepinephrine or dopamine transporters.

Conclusion
Although the serotonin transporter genetic variation is commercially available in pharmacogenomic decision support tools, greater efforts, more broadly, should focus on complete genome-wide approaches to determine genetic variants that may contribute to TEM. Moreover, these data are exemplary to the merits of developing risk stratification models, which include both clinical and biological risk factors, to guide when not to use ADs in bipolar disorder. Future studies will need to validate new risk models that best inform the development of personalized medicine best practices treating bipolar depression.
Screening for Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Using Concussion Symptom Scales Among Varsity Athletes
Authors: Roberts Samantha D. , Champigny Claire , Feldman Samantha J. , Flora David B. , Wojtowicz Magdalena 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
This study examined associations between Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-5 (SCAT-5) symptom reporting and gold-standard measures of anxiety and depression, and explored the utility SCAT-5 symptom subscales to identify anxiety and depression symptomology.

Design:
Prospective cross-sectional study.

Setting:
York University in Toronto, Canada.

Participants:
Preseason data were collected for varsity athletes (N = 296) aged between 17 and 25 years (M = 20.01 years, SD = 1.69 years; 52% male).

Main Outcome Measures:
The SCAT-5 symptom evaluation scale was used to assess baseline symptoms. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Index-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to assess symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively.

Results:
Endorsement of SCAT-5 symptoms of feeling anxious, sadness, irritability, and feeling more emotional had the strongest correlations with the GAD-7 (r’s > 0.400; P’s < 0.001). Sadness, trouble falling asleep, concentration problems, feeling slowed down, anxious, irritability, mental fog, fatigue, and memory problems had the highest correlations with the PHQ-9 (r’s >0 .400; P’s < 0.001). The Emotional subscale from the SCAT-5 predicted mild to severe anxiety on the GAD-7 (P < 0.001). The Sleep, Cognitive, and Emotional subscales predicted mild to severe depression on the PHQ-9 (P’s < 0.05).

Conclusions:
These findings provide better delineation of symptoms endorsed on the SCAT-5 symptoms that aid in identification of athletes with symptoms of anxiety or depression who may be at risk for developing a clinical disorder or experiencing persistent symptoms after a concussion.
A Case Report of Migraine With Aura Worsened After Starting Apixaban and Literature Review
Authors: Alhayek Nour , Harahsheh Ehab , Dumitrascu Oana , Green Anthony L. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Multiple medications have been related to triggering headache attacks or worsening headache frequency or severity in patients with migraine disease. However, the impact of direct oral anticoagulants on headache frequency and severity in patients with migraine disease is unclear. Current literature is scarce and controversial.

Case Report:
A 45-year-old male with a history of migraine with aura for the last 20 years underwent percutaneous transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect due to right ventricular enlargement and systolic dysfunction. The intervention was complicated by postprocedural atrial fibrillation, for which he was started on apixaban. Shortly after starting the apixaban, the patient experienced an increase in the frequency and severity of his migraine with aura episodes that were persistent until he discontinued this medication 7 months later. Following the discontinuation of apixaban, the patient’s frequency and severity of migraine episodes returned to baseline almost immediately.

Conclusion:
Novel oral anticoagulants, including apixaban, may be associated with an increase in the frequency and severity of migraine attacks in patients with migraine disease. Larger observational studies are required to investigate further the impact of direct oral anticoagulants on migraine disease.
Efficacy and Safety of Human Urinary Kallidinogenase for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Wang Ruixian , Zhang Yanjun , Shao Yajuan , Yang Xiujuan , Chen Lei 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of human urinary kallidinogenase (HUK) after recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods:
In this retrospective study conducted from December 2018 to August 2020, 313 patients with AIS patients who received recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator treatment were enrolled. Among them, 148 patients received basic therapy, and 165 patients received HUK treatment. Demographics and clinical characteristics were analyzed after treatment, and patients were monitored for stroke recurrence for 12 months. National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale scores were used to assess the efficacy of treatment. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for recurrence.

Results:
There were no differences in baseline clinical characteristics between the 2 groups in the database. After 14 days of treatment, the HUK group had significantly lower NIHSS and modified Rankin Scale scores than the control group (P<0.01). The recurrence rates in the HUK and control groups were 12.84% and 21.82%, respectively, with patients treated with HUK having better outcomes (P<0.001). Logistic analysis indicated that high homocysteine levels and high NIHSS scores at diagnosis were risk factors for AIS recurrence. In addition, HUK treatment was found to reduce the risk of recurrence.

Conclusion:
Treatment with HUK after intravenous thrombolysis can significantly improve the neurological function of AIS patients and reduce stroke recurrence.