bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Effects of Total Pneumatized Turbinate Volume on Septum Deviation, Maxillary Sinus Volume, and Maxillopalatal Parameters: A Multidetector Computerized Tomography Study
Authors: Senol Deniz , Oner Serkan , Secgin Yusuf , Oner Zulal , Toy Seyma 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of pneumatized turbinate volume (PTV) on nasal septum deviation (NSD), maxillary sinus volume (MSV), and maxillopalatal parameters with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).

Material and Methods:
MDCT images of a total of 73 patients (35 females and 38 males) between the ages of 25 and 58 years were used in the study. PTV, MSV, and NSD angle and direction and interalveolar distance (IAD), maxillary spin distance (MSD), and maxillopalatal angle (MPA) measurements were made on images brought to the orthogonal plane in 3 plans.

Results:
Turbinate pneumatization (superior, middle, or inferior) was found in a total of 55 (75.3%) patients (28 females and 27 males). The number of patients with turbinate pneumatization on the right side was 14 (19.2%), while the number of patients with turbinate pneumatization on the left side was 15 (20.5%) and the number of bilateral pneumatization was 26 (35.6%). While no significant association was found between the presence of turbinate pneumatization and septal deviation angle, MSV, MPA, IAD, and MSD measurements, a significant difference was found between the groups in terms of PTV (P < 0.05). No significant association was found between NSD direction and all parameters.

Discussion and Conclusion:
In this study, we conducted with MDCT images, in addition to the highest incidence in turbinate pneumatization with 75.3%; it was found that PTV did not have an effect on NSD amount, MSV, and maxillopalatal parameters. Men were found to have higher NSD angle, higher maxillary sinus aeration, and larger IAD when compared with women.
Level of Variations of the Aortic Bifurcation and Distance Measurements between the Aortic Bifurcation and the Common Iliac Bifurcations
Authors: Ekingen Arzu , Çetinçakmak Mehmet Güli 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the vertebral levels of the aortic bifurcation (AB) in patients with and without the abdominal aorta (AA) deviation and to measure the distances between the AB and the right-left common iliac bifurcations (CIBs) which are crucial anatomical information, especially for anterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery. Additionally, we made comparisons levels of the AB according to sex and examined whether the results were statistically significant, which we could not find other studies comparing gender in literature.

Material and Methods:
The images of 721 patients, undergoing angiography with multidetector computed tomography between January 2016 and October 2019, were reviewed retrospectively. The AB levels of the patients with and without the AA deviation were classified and evaluated separately. It was measured the distances between the level of the AB and the right and left CIBs with the 3-dimensional ruler technique in only 207 of 721 patients.

Results:
It was detected seven different vertebral levels of the AB among patients (116 patients) with the AA deviation, in which is the highest L4-upper (27.59%), and 11 different vertebral levels of the AB among patients (605 patients) without the AA deviation, in which is the highest L4-upper (22.48%). When comparing cases with and without AA deviation, a statistically significant difference was found between the sexes (P < 0.05).

Discussion and Conclusion:
The presented study demonstrates that there is a significant relationship between the genders at some levels. The preoperative information of the morphological variations of the AB may be very useful for laparoscopic, invasive procedures, and spinal surgery procedures. At the same time, these variation information reveals new information for anatomy.
Students’ Approaches to Learning Anatomy: The Road to Better Teaching and Learning
Authors: Al Mushaiqri Mohamed , Albaloshi Adnan , Das Srijit 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
The quality of medical and nursing student’s anatomical knowledge and their experience in learning anatomy assists them in their health-care professions and it is largely influenced by their approach to learning. The main aim of this study was to investigate medical and nursing students’ approach to learning anatomy at Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.

Material and Methods:
This survey-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 students. The Study Process Questionnaire was used to measure students approach to learning anatomy. The association between the approach to learning anatomy and demographic information such as gender, previous anatomical knowledge, and academic performance was also analyzed.

Results:
Of the 250 distributed questionnaires, 205 completed questionnaires were obtained with an 82% response rate. The analysis revealed that the deep approach (DA) mean score was significantly higher than the surface approach (SA) mean score for medical and nursing students, collectively (34.81 vs. 28.62, P < 0.05), medical students alone (34.96 vs. 26.83, P < 0.05), and nursing students alone (34.62 vs. 30.62, P < 0.05). There was no association between the approach to learning anatomy and gender among medical students nor nursing students. There was a positive correlation between the DA score and both the overall academic performance (r = 0.33, P < 0.01) and the performance in a previous anatomy course (r = 0.33, P < 0.01).

Discussion and Conclusion:
The results provide important feedback to anatomy teachers and students for effective teaching and learning anatomy. The study also provides baseline data for future research on factors influencing students’ approaches to learning anatomy.
Typing and Morphometric Analysis of the Pterion on Human Skull of Central Anatolia
Authors: Saygın Duygu Akin , Aydin Kabakci Anıl Didem , Alpa Şerife , Buyukmumcu Mustafa , Yilmaz Mehmet Tugrul 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Pterion is seen in the norma lateralis of the skull and is shaped like the letter H. Pterional approach such as retro-orbital, sellar, sub-frontal, replate areas, anterior circulation, and olfactory meningiomas, tumors involving downstream of the frontal lobe such as the orbital, basilar artery aneurysm is a commonly preferred surgical approach. The present study focused on the typing of the pterion and morphometric measurements between the pterion and surrounding important anatomic spots.

Material and Methods:
The present study was performed with pterion typing of 107 skull (a total of 214 sides including the right and left sides) within Anatomy Laboratories of Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, and KTO Karatay University, Medicine Faculty. Distance between the pterion and some important (mid-point of the superior edge of the zygomatic arch, the anterior and posterior edge of the frontozygomatic suture, the tip of the mastoid process, and anterosuperior edge of suprameatal spine and asterion) spots were measured through a digital caliper in millimeter. In addition to the classification made by Murphy, three different classifications were made. The pterion was classified into seven types.

Results:
The rates of the types were sphenoparietal type by 55.60%, epipteric type by 3.73%, stellate type by 2.33%, frontotemporal type by 0.4%, wormian type by 5.14%, frontoparietal type by 8.87%, and frontoparietal sphenoidtype by 23.83%.

Discussion and Conclusion:
Morphometric characteristics of the pterion were detected in detail by the present study. Moreover, the knowledge of typing would serve as an important guide for surgical planning and procedures and may contribute to further anthropological studies. This study is aimed at the Central Anatolia population and can be conducted among other populations.
Ambiguity of the Radiographs Around the Elbow Joint
Authors: Kunc Vojtech , Kunc Vladimir , Kuncova Katerina , Kachlik David , Kopp Lubomir 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Interpretation of traumatological radiographs of the region of the elbow joint may come with many challenges. Aside from traumatological avulsions and fractures, we can also identify other entities such as persistent epiphysis, aseptic necrosis, osteochondritis dissecans, calcific bursitis, synovial chondromatosis, and other degenerative changes. It is also necessary for all these pathological conditions to be differentiated from the anatomical variants.

Material and Methods:
We performed a retrospective analysis of patients admitted to our clinic between 2010 and 2020 for arthroscopic treatment of chronic elbow joint stiffness. We evaluated the radiographs of their elbow joints for the presence of accessory ossification. If present, these cases were then sorted by previously defined criteria into groups according to the kind of anatomical variant and degenerative changes. On the basis of these data, we performed a statistical analysis.

Results:
We analyzed 39 limbs in 39 patients (12 women and 27 men). The average age was 40.9 years (span 16–74). The exclusion criteria did not exclude any patient. Accessory ossifications were present in 78.4% (29/37) of patients, and all three criteria for accessory bone were fulfilled by two patients.

Discussion and Conclusion:
This sample of patients suffering from joint stiffness due to degenerative changes around the elbow joint enabled us to prove the usefulness of the criteria for differentiating degenerative changes from accessory bones. We were also able to validate the hypothesis that in a sample of patients suffering from elbow stiffness, the dominant cause of the stiffness should be the degenerative changes, while the accessory bones prevalence should not differ significantly from their prevalence in the healthy population. Our analysis showed that the seemingly ovoid intra-articular loose bodies do not appear on the radiographs as regularly shaped and can be differentiated from accessory bones. In order to avoid the wrong interpretation of elbow radiographs, it is necessary to be aware of this issue. Our study validates the three previously defined criteria as means to diagnose accessory bones with a high specificity. The intra-articular loose bodies macroscopically seemed ovoid and regular. Nevertheless, they do not appear as regularly shaped on radiographs and do not, therefore, fulfill the criteria of accessory bones.
Restorative yoga therapy for third-year medical students in pediatrics rotation: Working to improve medical student well-being
Authors: Thompson Caroline , Meller Janet , Naqvi Mubariz , Adesanya Olubukunola , Vasylyeva Tetyana L. 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Stress experienced by medical students is a well-documented and widespread phenomenon that may have physical and psychological effects on their well-being. One solution is to provide students with the tools to recognize and cope with stress. The aim of this study was to incorporate restorative yoga training—a well-recognized tool for stress reduction—in the third-year medical student pediatrics clerkship and assess the intervention's impact on students' well-being.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:
Restorative yoga, as a prospective intervention, was offered to third-year medical students at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center during their pediatrics rotation. The study was between March and August 2020. Each yoga session lasted 45-minutes, once a week for six weeks. Participants completed anonymous questionnaires before and after the intervention via the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS).

RESULT:
Over the six-month study period, 25 (71%) of 35 medical students, having been given the option, chose to participate. The WEMWBS contains 14 statements on well-being, and all but one from the list showed a positive increase in average rating from pre intervention to post intervention. The statements “I've been feeling more relaxed” and “I've been thinking clearly” showed the greatest average increase. Following Chi-squared testing, two statements were found to be significantly different (P < 0.05) before intervention and after intervention: “I've been feeling more relaxed” and “I've been feeling good about myself.”

CONCLUSION:
Students' well-being is paramount to medical schools. Restorative yoga offers hopeful outcomes for effective mitigation of the stresses of medical education and may be recommended for wider use.
Predictive influence of personality traits on retirement anxiety among universities staff in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunsemi Joshua O. , Akinnawo Ebenezer O. , Akinbobola Olusola I. , Olajire Olutola O. , Olusa Abayomi O. , Okunola John L. 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Retirement anxiety may occur in retirement-eligible staff, and their reaction may depend on their personality traits. This study examined the predictive influence of five-factor personality traits on retirement anxiety among non-academic staff in some selected universities in Osun State, Nigeria.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study utilized a multistage sampling technique. Two self-administered instruments, Redeemer's University Retirement Anxiety Scale and Mini-International Personality Item Pool were completed by 463 non-academic staff in five selected universities in Osun State, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentages) and inferential statistics (hierarchical regression, two-sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA) were used to analyze data.

RESULTS:
The study found a high prevalence rate of retirement anxiety (85.1%) among university staff in Nigeria. In all, 13%, 16%, and 12.5% of the participants showed high levels of retirement anxiety dimensions (personal obligation, financial planning, and social detachment), respectively. Sociodemographic and personality traits jointly accounted for statistically significant (16%, 29%, and 22%) changes in personal obligation (R2 =0.16, P <.01), financial planning (R2 =0.29, P <.01), and social detachment (R2 =.22, P <.01), respectively. Personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism) and socio-demographic variables (age, educational level, job tenure, and job status) jointly contributed to the prediction of retirement anxiety dimensions (obligation concerns, financial planning, and social detachment).

CONCLUSION:
The findings highlighted the need for psychosocial interventions targeting the at-risk population was highlighted.
Quality of life and self-reported disability in patients with osteoarthritis: Cross-sectional descriptive study
Authors: Kumar Tarun , Pandey Vandna , Kumar Ashok , Elhence Abhay , Choudhary Vikas 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease in which the cartilage in the joints deteriorates and the bones rub against each other, causing pain, stiffness, and restricted range of motion. This is an age-related condition that affects initially isolated joints or joints on one aspect of the body. The aim of the study is to identify quality of life and self-reported disability in patients with osteoarthritis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Orthopedic O.P.D. of tertiary care hospital. Study was conducted on 150 samples with convenience sampling at orthopedic O.P.D. Data were collected with standardized tools SF-36 with domains physical functioning (PF), role physical (RP), vitality (VT), mental health (MH), role emotional (RE), social functioning (SF), bodily pain (BP) general health (GH), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaires with domains pain, stiffness, and functional disability. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for data analysis such as mean, frequency, percentage, standard deviation, and Chi-square test.

RESULTS:
Out of 150 samples, 103 were females, 114 were Hindu, and 131 were married. Highest mean score in RE domain of SF-36 was 60 with SD 38.43 indicating that patients had low impact on quality of life, whereas lowest mean score was 35.33 with SD 32.67 indicating that patients had severe impact in RP domain. In WOMAC index, patients had highest pain in climbing stairs, stiffness during morning, and functional difficulty during doing heavy domestic work, whereas lowest pain in resting, stiffness in evening, and functional difficulty during lying in bed.

CONCLUSION:
Patients with OA had poorer quality of life in domains PF, RP, VT, BP, and GH. Patients with osteoarthritis showed highest self-reported disability in terms of pain in climbing stairs, stiffness during morning, and functional difficulties in doing heavy domestic duties.
Hemodynamically stable very low birth neonates weight gain is affected by the early initiation of full enteral feedings compared to standard feeding
Authors: Raman Sasikumar Banahatty , Muthusamy Senthil Kumar , Mohideen Azarudeen Kadhar 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Premature babies need to develop similarly to fetuses of the same gestational age. The majority of premature neonates experience a growth-restricted status while in the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Extrauterine growth failure is a significant barrier for infants with very low birth weight (VLBW).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study was conducted for six months at the Neonatology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Coimbatore Medical College Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Neonates with VLBW who met the inclusion criteria were assigned randomly to one of two feeding strategies, that is, full enteral feeding or partial feeding, based on the randomization sequence discovered by opening the sealed cover. The duration of stay, weight variation, neonatal variables, feeding intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), septicemia, apnea, newborn hyperbilirubinemia, PDA, hypoglycemia, intracranial bleeding, and mortality of neonatal recruits were all carefully evaluated.

RESULTS:
Two thousand two hundred eighty-four neonates were hospitalized throughout the six-month trial period, and 408 had low birth weight. Three hundred forty-two babies were eliminated from the study due to hemodynamic instability, persistent respiratory distress, infections, metabolic issues, and congenital abnormalities. Sixty-six babies met the study's inclusion criteria, and thus participated in the study. Sixty-six newborns weighed between 1.251 and 1.500 kg. Randomly assigning intervention and control groups. Thirty-three newborns were assigned to group A (intervention) and another 33 to group B (control).

CONCLUSIONS:
The study concluded that enteral feeding was effective, inexpensive, secure, and feasible. Early full enteral feeding reduced septicemia and infant hyperbilirubinemia. Thus, we must start enteral feeding as soon as possible to avoid inadequate nutrition in neonates with VLBW during a crucial growth period.
Does COVID-19 affect mental health and substance use in young adults?
Authors: Wei Duo (Helen) , Prakash Sreelekha , Goyal Riya , Zhang Rebecca 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Mental health has been impacted by COVID-19 throughout the United States and beyond. The mental health and well-being were further affected with excessive substance use during the pandemic. The aim of this research was to explore how the COVID-19 affects the mental health of the young adults (18–24 years) in the South Jersey area. We also examined the association between mental health symptoms in young adults and substance use during the first and second year of the pandemic.

METHODS AND MATERIAL:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with (n = 711) 527 participants that included young adults (18–24 years old) across university campus in south jersey and in the community cohorts. Multinomial regression analysis and Chi-squared test were used to explore the association between mental symptoms and substance use. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet for descriptive statistics and Python 3.0 scikit-learn package.

RESULTS:
The study showed that “Lonely” and “Hopeless” were the top two mental health symptoms. It was observed that the symptoms of “Lonely” and “Hopeless” increased for both males and females. In general, males seemed to be affected more than females in this study for mental health symptoms. For substance use, “Nervous” and “Smoking” showed positive correlation in 2020 and “Hopeless” and “Alcohol” were positively correlated in 2021.

CONCLUSIONS:
Young adults' mental health symptoms and substance use has been proven to be affected through the pandemic and this research results even though localized will assist the community and educational institutions to plan better support to assist young adults with better health and wellness initiatives.
A descriptive study to assess knowledge related to hypertension and its impact upon exercises and sleep pattern among adults from communities of Uttarakhand
Authors: Yadav Pradeep K. , Kalyani Vasantha C. , Narayan Dev , Kataria Neetu 
Published: April 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Hypertension nowadays is a major community health problem. It is high prevalence, which becomes an important area of research which is also a major possibility for circulatory diseases and other complications. It is a silent killer, which does not show any warning sign until a severe medicinal crisis occurs. The study aims to assess the knowledge regarding hypertension and its effect on the amount of exercise and sleep among adults at risk of hypertension from both rural and urban communities of Uttarakhand.

METHODS AND MATERIALS:
A descriptive cross-sectional research design with the total sample size was calculated as 542 adults at risk of hypertension. A purposive sampling method was used for sample selection in this study. A semi-structured questionnaire regarding knowledge related to hypertension and amount of exercise and sleep patterns was administered as tools for data collection. Analysis was done by using SPSS 23.0 version software, descriptive statistics with the use of frequency %, inferential statistics with Chi-square test, and P value ≤ 0.05 considered as significant.

RESULTS:
Majority (58%) of them were male, living with a nuclear family with very poor educational status. It showed that whenever they have free time, only then they were performing simple work without having any experience with regular exercise and yoga. Less than half of them (45%) were having good knowledge about increased blood pressure is a disease, medical management, and how to prevent it. Knowledge regarding hypertension showed significant association with less amount of exercise (use of a motored vehicle to going to job/work) (p value = 0.0001*) and satisfactory pattern of sleep among adults at risk of hypertension (p value = 0.001*).

CONCLUSION:
In this study, a lack of education and very poor knowledge regarding the management of hypertension found to be associated with less amount of exercise but satisfactory sleep among adults at risk of hypertension.