bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug-Loaded Hydrogel Microneedles for Sustainable Transdermal Delivery of Macromolecular Proteins
Authors: Chandran Rubhan , Mohd Tohit Eusni Rahayu , Stanslas Johnson , Salim Norazlinaliza , Tuan Mahmood Tuan Mazlelaa 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Poly(methyl vinyl ether co-maleic acid) (PMVE/MA) hydrogel microneedles
(HMN) are investigated for transdermal delivery of macromolecular drugs owing to their biocompatibility
and super-swelling properties. However, the drug delivery efficacy reduces with increasing
molecular weight due to the entrapment within the HMN matrices. Furthermore, integrating
external drug reservoirs extends the drug diffusion path and reduces the efficiency of drug permeation.

Methods:
A direct drug loading approach in the HMN matrix was introduced in this work following
a pH modification step. The effect of pH modification on the physicochemical properties of HMN was
studied. Then, bovine serum albumin (BSA), a model protein, was loaded into the pH-modified HMN,
and the morphological changes in HMN and protein stability were also assessed. Finally, the efficacy
of BSA-loaded HMN in the transdermal delivery was evaluated ex vivo.

Results:
A significant increase in swelling was recorded following the pH modification of HMN (p <
0.001). The structure of pH-modified hydrogel was highly porous, and ATR-FTIR spectra indicated a
shift in the carboxylic peak. The secondary structure of BSA loaded in the pH-modified HMN was
also preserved. The BSA-loaded HMN mediated a sustained ex-vivo drug release with a cumulative
release of 64.70% (3.88 mg) in 24 h.

Conclusion:
Hence, the model drug-incorporated PMVE/MA HMN system shows potential for sustainable
transdermal delivery of proteins.
Optimizing Pregnancy-related Nausea: Central Composite Design for Fast Relief Buccal Films
Authors: Wal Ankita , Dev Dhruv , MM Rekha , Kumawat Rohit , Singh Manmeet , Kumar M Ravi , Wal Pranay 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Nausea and vomiting are common responses to various factors like gastrointestinal
disorders, motion sickness, pregnancy, medications, infections, and severe pain. Treatment
includes antiemetic medications, hydration, dietary adjustments, rest, and, in severe cases, medical
intervention to address underlying causes.

Objective:
The present research aims at formulating buccal Promethazine with polymers like
HPMCE15 and sodium alginate hence relief from the condition of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.

Methods:
A variety of PMT buccal films (PBF), comprising varying HPMC E15 and sodium alginate,
incorporating PMT (25 mg) in keeping with the method recommended via Design Expert Software,
have been fabricated using the solvent casting approach. The design expert software 11.0 trial
version was used for statistical analysis of the responses.

Results:
The results showed PMT's compatibility with excipients, preserving the drug's functional
groups. The films were neutral, and flexible, with uniform thickness and good swelling, especially in
sodium alginate-rich films. They had consistent drug content, and mucoadhesion time and strength
increased with HPMC E15 concentration. In vitro tests revealed a 40% burst release in 10 minutes,
followed by varied release rates based on polymer composition.

Conclusion:
The optimized buccal films showed greater flexibility and a promising balance between
swelling, which is necessary for drug release, and mucoadhesion, which prolongs mucosal contact.
The buccal films' optimized features suggest that controlled and prolonged release could improve
Promethazine absorption and therapeutic efficacy. The ease of administration and longer mucosal
retention period may improve patient compliance and experience.
The Role of Social Media in Shaping Adolescent Mental Well-being: A Comprehensive Review on Its Pros and Cons
Authors: Balamurali R. 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
The objective of this review is to explore the impact of
social media use on the mental health of teenagers, considering both advantages
and disadvantages through a Narrative evaluation of recent studies.

Methods:
A Narrative review of current literature was conducted to assess the
effects of social media on adolescent mental health. The findings were
categorized into seven areas: general mental health effects, specific issues such as
anxiety and depression, behavioral impacts like addiction and self-regulation,
effects on vulnerable populations, the influence of COVID-19, digital mental
health services, ethical considerations with AI, and implications for academic
achievement and public health.

Results:
Social media use has both positive and negative effects on adolescent
mental health. It is associated with an increase in behavioral issues such as
addiction and mental health problems like anxiety and depression. Vulnerable
groups, including LGBTQ+ youth and victims of cyberbullying, face heightened
risks. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these mental health challenges,
though social media provided essential support networks. Digital mental health
services were beneficial but raised ethical concerns, particularly regarding
privacy and the need for culturally sensitive interventions.

Conclusion:
The review underscores the need for balanced strategies to mitigate
the negative impacts of social media on adolescent mental health. Comprehensive
digital literacy programs, culturally relevant interventions, and ethical
considerations in digital mental health services are crucial to supporting
adolescent well-being in the digital age.
Availability and Key Characteristics of National Early Warning Systems for Emerging Profiles of Antimicrobial Resistance in High-Income Countries: Systematic Review
Authors: Iera Jessica , Isonne Claudia , Seghieri Chiara , Tavoschi Lara , Ceparano Mariateresa , Sciurti Antonio , D'Alisera Alessia , Sane Schepisi Monica , Migliara Giuseppe , Marzuillo Carolina , Villari Paolo , D'Ancona Fortunato , Baccolini Valentina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) recently advocated an urgent need for implementing national surveillance systems for the timely detection and reporting of emerging antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, public information on the existing national early warning systems (EWSs) is often incomplete, and a comprehensive overview on this topic is currently lacking.

Objective
This review aimed to map the availability of EWSs for emerging AMR in high-income countries and describe their main characteristics.

Methods
A systematic review was performed on bibliographic databases, and a targeted search was conducted on national websites. Any article, report, or web page describing national EWSs in high-income countries was eligible for inclusion. EWSs were identified considering the emerging AMR-reporting WHO framework.

Results
We identified 7 national EWSs from 72 high-income countries: 2 in the East Asia and Pacific Region (Australia and Japan), 3 in Europe and Central Asia (France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom), and 2 in North America (the United States and Canada). The systems were established quite recently; in most cases, they covered both community and hospital settings, but their main characteristics varied widely across countries in terms of the organization and microorganisms under surveillance, with also different definitions of emerging AMR and alert functioning. A formal system assessment was available only in Australia.

Conclusions
A broader implementation and investment of national surveillance systems for the early detection of emerging AMR are still needed to establish EWSs in countries and regions lacking such capabilities. More standardized data collection and reporting are also advisable to improve cooperation on a global scale. Further research is required to provide an in-depth analysis of EWSs, as this study is limited to publicly available data in high-income countries.
Comparative effectiveness of genetic diagnostic methods in children with nervous system disorders in Ukraine
Authors: Kyrylova L.H. , Miroshnikov O.O. , Kharytonov V.I. , Dolenko O.O. , Badiuk V.M. , Dyukareva-Bezdenezhnykh S.V. 
Published: January 2025

Background. In modern society, there is a significant increase in the number of neuropsychiatric disorders among children. Modern methods of genetic testing play an important role in diagnosing diseases of the nervous system and neurodevelopmental disorders. The purpose was to analyze the results of genetic studies in children with various neurological disorders and to evaluate their effectiveness in improving diagnostic approaches. Materials and methods. One hundred and sixty children aged 0–18 years (average age 6.7 years) were included in the study. Among them, 131 underwent whole-exome sequencing (WES): 68 (51.9 %) with epilepsy, 31 (23.7 %) with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and 32 (24.4 %) with neurological disorders. Chromosomal microarray (CMA) was performed in 56 children, including 27 children who underwent both WES and CMA. Results. Among 131 children examined by WES, a positive result was obtained in 59 (45.0 %) cases: 31 patients (45.6 %) with epileptic seizures, 10 children (32.3 %) with ASD, 18 (56.3 %) with neurological disorders. A positive result was obtained by the CMA method in 18 children (32.1 %): 5 (31.3 %) with epilepsy, 11 (30.6 %) with ASD, 2 (50.0 %) with neurological disorders. Among the children exa­mined by CMA, 27 (48.2 %) were previously examined using WES and received a negative result. In this cohort, 8 children (29.6 %) had mutations detected by the CMA method, whereas among children who did not undergo WES, mutations were detected by CMA in 10 cases (34.5 %). Conclusions. WES is the most effective method in neurological disorders (56.3 %) and epilepsy (45.6 % of children). In general, WES showed greater effectiveness in the total sample of children (45.0 %) compared to CMA (32.1 %). CMA showed higher effectiveness in neurological disorders (50.0 %). Among children with a negative WES result, 29.6 % had pathogenic variants detected by CMA. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent for the research was obtained from the patients and their parents. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Identification of Antioxidant Compounds from Gynura procumbens Using LC-MS/MS-Based Metabolomics
Authors: Putri Aurelia Cyntia , Ilmiawati Auliya , Rafi Mohamad 
Published: January 2025

Gynura procumbens or commonly known as sambung nyawa is one of Indonesian medicinal plants. This plant has antioxidant activity, but no reported studies have been performed to identify antioxidant compounds from G. procumbens leaves using a metabolomics approach. In this study, we aimed to identify antioxidant compounds from G. procumbens by LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics. G. procumbens was extracted by maceration using ethanol p.a, 70%-, 50%-, 30% ethanol, and water as the extracting solvent. Metabolite profiling using LC-MS/MS could putatively identify about 54 metabolites from all extracts. We found that flavonols are the most abundant group in all ethanol extracts. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method. The antioxidant activity of all extracts yielded IC50 values ranging 90.39 to 140.75 mg/L, indicating strong to medium activity. Antioxidant compound prediction was done by correlating metabolites profile and antioxidant activity using orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). From the OPLS-DA, five compounds are predicted as antioxidant compounds, namely kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 1 unknown compound. The five metabolites had a p-value (<0.05), fold change (>1.5), and variable importance in the projection (VIP) (>1.46), which indicated that these metabolites had a significant contribution to the antioxidant activity from G. procumbens leaves.
Thymoquinone Increased Warfarin 7-hydroxylation in Human Liver Microsomes and Induced the Expression of CYP2C9 in HepG2 Cells
Authors: Megawati Annik , Nugroho Agung Endro , Lukitaningsih Endang , Prihati Dita Amalia , Nurrochmad Arief 
Published: January 2025

The herbal-drug interaction is an interesting phenomenon that can induce therapeutic complications in patients. Warfarin is widely used as an anticoagulant, which has a narrow therapeutic index. The combination of herbal and warfarin has consequences in the outcome therapy on the attenuation of drug efficacy or increased toxicity. This study aims to investigate the effect of thymoquinone on warfarin 7-hydroxylation activity in human liver microsome (HLM) and the expression of CYP2C9 in HepG2 cells. To investigate the co-administration of thymoquinone on warfarin 7-hydroxylation was conducted using HLM and HepG2 cells. The study was divided into three groups: control, warfarin, and combination of warfarin-thymoquinone. The metabolite of 7-hydroxywarfarin (7-OH warfarin) in HLM was determined using HPLC-MS/MS. Furthermore, the induction effect of thymoquinone on the expression of CYP2C9 in HepG2 cells was determined by RT-PCR. The results of the validated method used were selective for HLM 7-hydroxywarfarin, with an LLOQ of 0.62 μM, and it meets the criteria for accuracy and precision for metabolite analysis. The results showed that the co-incubation of thymoquinone at 0.37mM significantly increased warfarin 7-hydroxylation activity (P < 0.05). In addition, the incubation for 72 hours of thymoquinone also significantly induced the expression of CYP2C9 in HepG2 cells (P < 0.05). These findings provide valuable insights that the combination of thymoquinone with warfarin significantly increased the warfarin 7-hydroxylation activity in human liver microsomes and expression of the CYP2C9 in HepG2 cells, which may have an impact on the clinical outcomes of warfarin in patients.
The determinants of willingness to pay for improving the animal welfare of laying ducks: the case of Taiwan
Authors: Yang Yu-Chen , Wang Chien-Chin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Intensive duck farming has become popular. Regarding this trend, it is foreseeable that the density of animal breeding will increase, which may lead to animal welfare problems. Moreover, there is concern regarding the spread of avian influenza through duck-raising farms with a high density of animal breeding. Recent years have seen frequent occurrences of bird flu in Taiwan, and too high a breeding density will affect not only animal health, but human health as well. In this study, an ordered probit with a sample selection model was used to analyze the factors affecting consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for animal welfare duck egg products. Results revealed that perceived consumer effectiveness, consumers’ ethical perceptions and socioeconomic factors such as age, income, and education levels had impact on the decision on whether to pay a price premium for animal welfare products. For respondents that decide to pay a premium for animal welfare products, consumers’ income and age affected consumers’ price premium for animal welfare products. The results of this study show that consumers have a deep understanding of the ethical aspects of animal welfare salted duck eggs but do not pay much attention to their food safety characteristics, especially the aspect of animal welfare that can reduce drug residues. We recommended using a production method that uses a relatively lower level of salt to make salted duck eggs. This can increase the consumer demand for the product. As the frequency of consumption increases, the food safety characteristics of animal welfare salted duck eggs can then be emphasized. Using the non-parametric method, the lower bound of consumers’ WTP was estimated. The lower bound was NTD 18.7299, which was approximately 87% more than a regular salted duck egg.
Compositional and Microstructural Features of Masonry Mortars of Ingushetia Tower Complexes
Authors: Kotlyar V. D. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The tower complexes of the Republic of Ingushetia are not only unique historical and architectural monuments, but also monuments to the history of “construction” of the region. In recent years, specialists are particularly interested in the masonry mortars used for bonding the stonework during building-up and repairing the towers. The study of the masonry mortars can provide the specialists the information about the materials used, ancient construction technologies, and, based on microstructural features, the age of the towers or their separate parts, which is especially relevant for the specialists in the field of materials science in construction, history of architecture, restoration and reconstruction of historical and architectural heritage. The aim of the research is to determine the composition of the masonry mortars in tower complexes of the Republic of Ingushetia and, based on the degree of crystallinity of secondary calcite, determine their age.Materials and Methods. The objects of the research were the samples of masonry mortars taken from the tower complexes of Ehgikal, Targim, Pui, Leimi, Albi-Erdy, Ehrzi and others. The study of the chemical composition of the mortars was carried out according to the methodology of GOST 8269.1-97 “Crushed Stone and Gravel from Dense Rocks and Industrial Waste for Construction Work. Methods of Chemical Analysis”. X-ray diffraction phase analysis was carried out using the ARL X’TRA diffractometer with slit widths of 2-4-1-0.5. Measurement capacity provided by the ARL X’TRA diffractometer: angle range — 5–70°; speed: 5–6 deg/min; voltage — 40 kV; current — 30 mA. Diffractogram decoding was carried out in accordance with the appropriate methods by comparing with the similar studies, as well as with the use of international databases. Mineralogical and petrographic examinations were carried out using optical and digital microscopes of various modifications.Results. The retrieved author’s research results are presented in the paper. The conducted research made it possible to establish that originally the overwhelming majority of ancient masonry mortars were represented by a mixture of air-setting lime and sand and gravel material or a mixture of air-setting lime and crushed clay slates. It was acknowledged that the degree of crystallinity of secondary calcite differs significantly and depends on the age of the tower stonework.Discussion and Conclusion. The results obtained within this research can have practical value for carrying out the restoration works, and theoretical value for determining the relative age of the towers and their separate parts, which will significantly help to reconstruct the history of their construction.
Organisational and Technological Solutions for Construction of the Quick-Assembly Buildings
Authors: Rozantseva N. V. , Dimitriev A. S. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. A financial component of the project result affects considerably the implementation of the new technologies and is, among other things, a fundamental factor in assessing project’s efficiency. In most cases, when developing a project for the production of works, the project designers do not take into account the specific regional features, for example, when building the housing and welfare facilities for the needs of gas industry, they do not use an integrated approach, therefore, the final costs do not match the initially planned ones.Materials and Methods. The article studies the main factors affecting the cost of a project, the influence of logistics on the project cost reduction and the most significant logistic problems to be solved. The typical risks and planning mistakes in the development of a project for the production of works have been investigated.Results. A comparative analysis of the main costs required for the successful development of a project, the project logistical tasks, the standard and proposed calendar plan of the production of works based on the common decision-making was made. The main indicators having the foremost impact on the final cost of construction of a facility were identified. The main steps of calculation fostering the optimisation of target cost accounting were formulated.Discussion and Conclusion. Net income was determined to be the main indicator of project management efficiency, i.e. obtaining positive result of company’s financial and construction activity. The balance of all incoming funds and required expenses was compiled: expenses and payments, including the ones allocated to the construction of a facility, as well as taxes per certain moment of facility construction. In the context of full life cycle of an object of construction, an assumption was made about inefficiency of panel buildings compared to the quick-assembly modular buildings due to the issues of transportation, erecting, subsequent operation and, eventually, after construction dismantling of the former. The most simplified solutions were proposed.
Hubungan Emotional Quotient Guru PAI dengan Kemampuan Menginternalisasi Nilai-nilai Religius Siswa di SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Purbolinggo
Authors: Marcedesta Amba Nikto , Iswati  , Khaeroni Cahaya 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini membahas hubungan antara emotional quotient (EQ) guru Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) dan kemampuan siswa dalam menginternalisasi nilai-nilai religius di SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Purbolinggo. Tujuan utama penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kedua variabel tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui angket, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Populasi terdiri dari guru PAI dan siswa, dengan sampel 3 guru dan 119 siswa dari kelas XI dan XII. Analisis data mencakup uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis, dan korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan, meskipun lemah, antara EQ guru PAI dan kemampuan siswa dalam menginternalisasi nilai-nilai religius. Nilai signifikansi yang diperoleh adalah 0.003, yang menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima, sementara hipotesis nol (Ho) ditolak. Uji korelasi pearson menunjukkan nilai 1.000, menandakan hubungan yang sangat kuat dan positif antara kedua variabel. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara emotional quotient guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dan kemampuan siswa dalam menginternalisasi nilai-nilai religius di SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Purbolinggo.