bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obliterated cavum septi pellucidi: Clinical significance and role of fetal magnetic resonance
Authors: Fantasia Ilaria , Ciardo Claudia , Bracalente Gabriella , Filippi Elisa , Murru Flora Maria , Spezzacatene Anita , Bin Maura , Mendez Quintero Olivia , Montaguti Elisa , Lees Christoph , Papanikolaou Katherine , Pilu Gianluigi , Prefumo Federico , Thilaganathan Baskaran , Stampalija Tamara 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe objective of this study was to describe a cohort of fetuses with an ultrasound prenatal diagnosis of obliterated cavum septi pellucidi (oCSP) with the aim to explore the rate of associated malformations, the progression during pregnancy and the role of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Material and methodsThis was a retrospective multicenter international study of fetuses diagnosed with oCSP in the second trimester with available fetal MRI and subsequent ultrasound and/or fetal MRI follow‐up in the third trimester. Where available, postnatal data were collected to obtain information on neurodevelopment.ResultsWe identified 45 fetuses with oCSP at 20.5 weeks (interquartile range 20.1–21.1). oCSP was apparently isolated at ultrasound in 89% (40/45) and fetal MRI found additional findings in 5% (2/40) of cases, including polymicrogyria and microencephaly. In the remaining 38 fetuses, fetal MRI found a variable amount of fluid in CSP in 74% (28/38) and no fluid in 26% (10/38). Ultrasound follow‐up at or after 30 weeks confirmed the diagnosis of oCSP in 32% (12/38) while fluid was visible in 68% (26/38). At follow‐up MRI, performed in eight pregnancies, there were periventricular cysts and delayed sulcation with persistent oCSP in one case. Among the remaining cases with normal follow‐up ultrasound and fetal MRI findings, the postnatal outcome was normal in 89% of cases (33/37) and abnormal in 11% (4/37): two with isolated speech delay, and two with neurodevelopmental delay secondary to postnatal diagnosis of Noonan syndrome at 5 years in one case and microcephaly with delayed cortical maturation at 5 months in the other.ConclusionsApparently isolated oCSP at mid‐pregnancy is a transient finding with the visualization of the fluid later in pregnancy in up to 70% of cases. At referral, associated defects can be found in around 11% of cases at ultrasound and 8% at fetal MRI indicating the need for a detailed evaluation by expert physicians when oCSP is suspected.
Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes in patients with primary ovarian carcinoid: A historical cohort study
Authors: Kong Shujun , Sun Jianan , Sui Xiaolong , Zhang Shuaizhi , Qi YuanBao , Ma Yuanxu , Li Sijian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrimary ovarian carcinoids are extremely rare ovarian tumors, and there is limited data available on their clinical characteristics and survival outcomes.Material and methodsWe conducted a historical cohort study of 56 patients to investigate their clinical characteristics. The overall survival, disease‐specific survival, recurrence‐free survival, and potential prognostic factors of these patients were also evaluated.ResultsThe median age of these patients was 42.0 years (range: 20–71). The average mass and carcinoid size was 7.3 and 0.4 cm, respectively. Elevated tumor marker levels and ascites were observed in 15 and 10 patients, respectively. In 98.2% of the patients, tumors were confined to the ovary, while only one had metastatic disease. Surgery was the mainstay therapy: 37.5% of the patients underwent unilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy, 25.0% underwent hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy, 21.4% underwent ovarian cystectomy, 10.7% underwent comprehensive staging surgery, and 5.4% underwent bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy. Appendectomy and lymphadenectomy were performed in eight and five patients, respectively, but none showed tumor involvement. Chemotherapy was the only adjuvant treatment utilized, and was administered in four patients. Pathological analysis showed that strumal carcinoid was the most predominant subtype, occurring in 66.1% of the patients. The Ki‐67 index was reported in 39 patients, 30 of which had an index of no more than 3%, with a maximum of only 5%. Only one relapse occurred after the initial treatment, and that patient experienced recurrences on two occasions, maintaining stable disease after surgery and octreotide therapy. After a median follow‐up of 3.6 years, 96.4% of the patients achieved no evidence of disease, while 3.6% were alive with the disease. The 5‐year recurrence‐free survival rate was 97.9% and no death occurred. No risk factors for recurrence‐free survival, overall survival, or disease‐specific survival were identified.ConclusionsThe Ki‐67 indices were extremely low and prognoses were excellent in patients with primary ovarian carcinoids. Conservative surgery, especially unilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy, is preferred. Individualized adjuvant therapy may be considered for patients with metastatic diseases.
Estimating kidney function in patients with cancer: A narrative review
Authors: Claudel Sophie E. , Gandhi Malini , Patel Ankit B. , Verma Ashish 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimAccurate evaluation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is crucial in Oncology as drug eligibility and dosing depend on estimates of GFR. However, there are no clear guidelines on the optimal method of determining kidney function in patients with cancer. We aimed to summarize the evidence on estimation of kidney function in patients with cancer.MethodsWe searched PubMed for literature discussing the performance of GFR estimating equations in patients with malignancy to create a table of the evidence for creatinine‐ and cystatin c‐based equations. We further reviewed novel estimation techniques such as panel eGFR, real‐time measured GFR, and functional magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsThe commonly used GFR estimating equations were derived from populations of patients without cancer. These equations may be less applicable in Oncology due to severe sarcopenia, inflammation, and other physiologic changes in patients with cancer. The Cockcroft‐Gault equation currently dominates in clinical Oncology despite significant limitations and accumulating evidence for use of the CKD‐EPICr formula. Additional considerations in the practice of Oncology include a recently developed equation (CamGFRv2, also called the Janowitz formula) and the use of cystatin c‐based equations to overcome some of the barriers to accurate GFR estimation based on creatinine alone.ConclusionOverall, we suggest using the CKD‐EPI equations (either cystatin c or creatinine‐based) among patients with cancer in routine clinical practice and measured GFR for patients at a critical threshold for treatment decisions.
Downstream signalling of the disease‐associated mutations on GPR56/ADGRG1
Authors: Cevheroğlu Orkun , Demir Nil , Kesici Mehmet Seçkin , Özçubukçu Salih , Son Çağdaş D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGPR56/ADGRG1 is an adhesion G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) and mutations on this receptor cause cortical malformation due to the over‐migration of neural progenitor cells on brain surface. At pial surface, GPR56 interacts with collagen III, induces Rho‐dependent activation through Gα12/13 and inhibits the neuronal migration. In human glioma cells, GPR56 inhibits cell migration through Gαq/11‐dependent Rho pathway. GPR56‐tetraspanin complex is known to couple Gαq/11. GPR56 is an aGPCR that couples with various G proteins and signals through different downstream pathways. In this study, bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria (BFPP) mutants disrupting GPR56 function but remaining to be expressed on plasma membrane were used to study receptor signalling through Gα12, Gα13 and Gα11 with BRET biosensors. GPR56 showed coupling with all three G proteins and activated heterotrimeric G protein signalling upon stimulation with Stachel peptide. However, BFPP mutants showed different signalling defects for each G protein indicative of distinct activation and signalling properties of GPR56 for Gα12, Gα13 or Gα11. β‐arrestin recruitment was also investigated following the activation of GPR56 with Stachel peptide using BRET biosensors. N‐terminally truncated GPR56 showed enhanced β‐arrestin recruitment; however, neither wild‐type receptor nor BFPP mutants gave any measurable recruitment upon Stachel stimulation, pointing different activation mechanisms for β‐arrestin involvement.
The participation of parents in the protection system: The case of the Spanish legislation
Authors: Massons‐Ribas Anna , Balsells M. Àngels , Cortada Neus 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWorking with the families of origin of children and adolescents (CA) who are in the CA protection system is essential to achieve reunification, which is the ultimate objective when planning foster care; it is a scientific, social and professional challenge that must be included in the legislation of each country. For this, it is essential that the laws consider and regulate the participation of families in decision‐making during foster care and subsequent reunification processes. We analysed 22 laws enacted through Spanish legislation, both national and regional, that regulate the protection of children. The study focuses on analysing how the Spanish legislation contemplates the participation of parents during foster care and subsequent reunification. The Spanish legislative texts do not expressly, clearly and effectively include the participation of parents. They are limited to the punctual recognition of acts of notification and hearing and, where appropriate, of opposition to certain resolutions. Spain lacks a general legal framework that supports and guarantees the necessary participation of the family in the protection system. The focus on the recognition of the rights of CA in laws as a result of international pressure has relegated the legal protection of the rights of parents, mainly in their right to be heard.
Clinical and molecular spectrum of a large Egyptian cohort with ALS2‐related disorders of infantile‐onset of clinical continuum IAHSP/JPLS
Authors: Zaki Maha S. , Sharaf‐Eldin Wessam E. , Rafat Karima , Elbendary Hasnaa M. , Kamel Mona , Elkhateeb Nour , Noureldeen Mahmoud M. , Abdeltawab Mohamed A. , Sadek Abdelrahim A. , Essawi Mona L. , Lau Tracy , Murphy David , Abdel‐Hamid Mohamed S. , Holuden Henry , Issa Mahmoud Y. , Gleeson Joseph G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study presents 46 patients from 23 unrelated Egyptian families with ALS2‐related disorders without evidence of lower motor neuron involvement. Age at onset ranged from 10 months to 2.5 years, featuring progressive upper motor neuron signs. Detailed clinical phenotypes demonstrated inter‐ and intrafamilial variability. We identified 16 homozygous disease‐causing ALS2 variants; sorted as splice‐site, missense, frameshift, nonsense and in‐frame in eight, seven, four, three, and one families, respectively. Seven of these variants were novel, expanding the mutational spectrum of the ALS2 gene. As expected, clinical severity was positively correlated with disease onset (p = 0.004). This work provides clinical and molecular profiles of a large single ethnic cohort of patients with ALS2 mutations, and suggests that infantile ascending hereditary spastic paralysis (IAHSP) and juvenile primary lateral sclerosis (JPLS) are belonged to one entity with no phenotype–genotype correlation.
Cutaneous myoepithelioma with EWSR1 gene rearrangement and its differentials: A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Okorie Chiamaka L. , Yan Shaofeng , Kerr Darcy A. , Tafe Laura J. , Sriharan Aravindhan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCutaneous myoepithelioma is a rare benign soft tissue neoplasm of myoepithelial cells involving the skin and subcutis. These tumors can be diagnostically challenging. The plasticity of myoepithelial cells leads to wide variability in the cytomorphology, immunophenotype, and genetic features of myoepithelioma. Their protean presentations may mimic malignant neoplasms. Therefore, distinction from malignancy is essential. Herein, we report a case of cutaneous myoepithelioma presenting similarly to Ewing sarcoma, with small round blue cells and an EWSR1 rearrangement. Our case highlights the important morphologic, immunohistochemical, and cytogenetic features of this benign basaloid cutaneous tumor.
The improved health utility of once‐weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg compared with placebo in the STEP 1‐4 obesity trials
Authors: Bjorner Jakob Bue , Larsen Sara , Lübker Christopher , Holst‐Hansen Thomas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo assess health utility values in the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) 1‐4 trials.Materials and MethodsThe STEP 1‐4 phase 3a, 68‐week, double‐blind randomized controlled trials assessed the efficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo in individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or higher or a BMI of 27 kg/m2 or higher and at least one comorbidity (STEP 1, 3 and 4), or a BMI of 27 kg/m2 or higher and type 2 diabetes (STEP 2). Patients received lifestyle intervention plus intensive behavioural therapy in STEP 3. Health‐related quality of life was assessed using the Short Form 36‐item Health Survey version 2 (SF‐36v2) at baseline and week 68. Scores were converted into Short Form Six‐Dimension version 2 (SF‐6Dv2) utility scores or mapped onto the European Quality of Life Five‐Dimension Three‐Level (EQ‐5D‐3L) utility index using UK health utility weights.ResultsAt week 68, semaglutide 2.4 mg was associated with minor health utility score improvements from baseline (all trials), while scores for placebo typically decreased. SF‐6Dv2 treatment differences by week 68 for semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo were significant in STEP 1 and 4 (P ≤ .001), but not STEP 2 or 3. EQ‐5D‐3L treatment differences by week 68 for semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo were significant in STEP 1, 2 and 4 (P < .001 for all), but not STEP 3.ConclusionsSemaglutide 2.4 mg was associated with improvement in health utility scores compared with placebo, reaching statistical significance in STEP 1, 2 and 4.
Eco‐evolutionary factors that influence its demographic oscillations in Prochilodus costatus (Actinopterygii: Characiformes) populations evidenced through a genetic spatial–temporal evaluation
Authors: Ludwig Sandra , Pimentel Juliana da Silva Martins , Cardoso Resende Leonardo , Kalapothakis Evanguedes 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe human activity impact on wild animal populations is indicated by eco‐evolutionary and demographic processes, along with their survival and capacity to evolve; consequently, such data can contribute toward enhancing genetic‐based conservation programs. In this context, knowledge on the life‐history and the eco‐evolutionary processes is required to understand extant patterns of population structure in Prochilodus costatus a Neotropical migratory fish that has been threatened due to loss and fragmentation of its natural habitat since 1960s promoted by the expansion of hydroelectric power plant construction programs. This study evaluated the eco‐evolutionary parameters that cause oscillations in the demography and structure of P. costatus populations. An integrated approach was used, including temporal and spatial sampling, next‐generation sequencing of eight microsatellite loci, multivariate genetic analysis, and demographic life‐history reconstruction. The results provided evidence of the complex interplay of ecological–evolutionary and human‐interference events on the life history of this species in the upper basin. In particular, spawning wave behavior might have ecological triggers resulting in an overlapping of distinct genetic generations, and arising distinct migratory and nonmigratory genetic patterns living in the same area. An abrupt decrease in the effective population size of the P. costatus populations in the recent past (1960–80) was likely driven by environment fragmentation promoted by the construction of the Três Marias hydropower dam. The low allelic diversity that resulted from this event is still detected today; thus, active stocking programs are not effective at expanding the genetic diversity of this species in the river basin. Finally, this study highlights the importance of using mixed methods to understand spatial and temporal variation in genetic structure for effective mitigation and conservation programs for threatened species that are directly affected by human actions.
For richer, for poorer: Financial behaviors, power (im)balance, and relational aggression among different‐gender newlyweds in the U.S.
Authors: Li Xiaomin , Wheeler Brandan E. , James Spencer L. , LeBaron‐Black Ashley B. , Holmes Erin K. , Yorgason Jeremy B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGuided by an intersectional feminism framework, we used three‐wave, dyadic survey data from a nationally representative sample of 1625 U.S. different‐gender newlywed couples to test three research questions. First, as balanced power is considered a key concept for relational well‐being in feminism, we examined developmental trajectories in husbands' and wives' perception of power (im)balance. Second, considering money as a major influence on power and aggression, we examined how financial behaviors relate to power (im)balance and in turn relational aggression—a type of intimate partner violence that is controlling and manipulative in nature. Third, informed by the intersectionality between gender and socioeconomic status (SES), we examined gender differences and SES disparities in the associations among financial behaviors, developmental trajectories of perception of power (im)balance, and relational aggression. Our findings demonstrate that newlywed different‐gender couples are experiencing power struggles, where two partners diminish each other's influence over time. We also found that healthy financial behaviors are associated with balanced power and, in turn, less relational aggression (especially for wives and in lower‐SES households). Taken collectively, we continue calling for efforts to facilitate money management skills and promote balanced marital power.
Shelf break exchange processes influence the availability of the northern shortfin squid, Illex illecebrosus, in the Northwest Atlantic
Authors: Salois Sarah L. , Hyde Kimberly J. W. , Silver Adrienne , Lowman Brooke A. , Gangopadhyay Avijit , Gawarkiewicz Glen , Mercer Anna J. M. , Manderson John P. , Gaichas Sarah K. , Hocking Daniel J. , Galuardi Benjamin , Jones Andrew W. , Kaelin Jeff , DiDomenico Greg , Almeida Katie , Bright Bill , Lapp Meghan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe United States Northern Shortfin squid fishery is known for its large fluctuations in catch at annual scales. In the last 5 years, this fishery has experienced increased availability of Illex illecebrosus along the Northeast US continental shelf (NES), resulting in high catch per unit effort (CPUE) and early fishery closures due to quota exceedance. The fishery occurs within the Northwest Atlantic, whose complex dynamics are set up by the interplay between the large‐scale Gulf Stream, mesoscale eddies, Shelfbreak Jet, and shelf‐slope exchange processes. Our ability to understand and quantify this regional variability is requisite for understanding the availability patterns of Illex, which are largely influenced by oceanographic conditions. In an effort to advance our current understanding of the seasonal and interannual variability in this species' relative abundance on the NES, we used generalized additive models to examine the relationships between the physical environment and hotspots of productivity to changes in CPUE of I. illecebrosus in the Southern stock component, which comprises the US fishery. Specifically, we derived oceanographic indicators by pairing high‐resolution remote sensing data and global ocean reanalysis physical data to high‐resolution fishery catch data. We identified a suite of environmental covariates that were strongly related to instances of higher catch rates. In particular, bottom temperature, warm core rings, subsurface features, and frontal dynamics together serve as indicators of habitat condition and primary productivity hotspots, providing great utility for understanding the distribution of Illex with the potential for forecasting seasonal and interannual availability.
Closing the life‐history loop: Density effects on fecundity and egg size of an exploited, amphidromous fish (Galaxias maculatus) in freshwater protected areas
Authors: Watson Andrew S. , Hickford Michael J. H. , Schiel David R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how fecundity and egg size respond to density‐dependent and density‐independent processes is essential for fisheries assessments because it shows managers how exploited populations respond to fishery closures. Similarly, the extent to which density‐dependent and density‐independent processes influence fecundity and egg size in freshwater protected areas (FPAs) is important for determining their conservation potential and effectiveness as a fisheries enhancement strategy.The fecundity and egg size of 164 sexually matureGalaxias maculatusfemales collected from coastal waterways on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island were determined from a combination of techniques. Specifically, the additive and interactive effects of density, temperature, and body size on fecundity and egg size were examined in 10G. maculatuspopulations across a density gradient mediated by fishery closures and tested for an egg size/fecundity trade‐off.There was no evidence of an egg size/fecundity trade‐off, or of negative density‐dependent effects on fecundity or egg size within FPAs. Egg size, gonadosomatic index, and water temperature were correlated with latitude.Fecundity increased with body size, but egg size did not. This highlights the importance of available forage (terrestrial‐ and stream‐based prey) forG. maculatusto maintain individual growth to increase egg production and larval export derived from no‐take FPAs.For the current network of no‐take FPAs to be more effective as a management tool, efforts should focus on the remediation of in‐stream and requisite riparian spawning habitats, the degradation of which has caused population bottlenecks for this culturally and economically important amphidromous species. The major subsidy from FPAs for theG. maculatusmetapopulation is sustainable egg production if migration to sea of the greatest possible number of larvae can be ensured.