bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scaling up of parenting support to prevent violence against children in Tanzania: insights from policymakers and service providers
Authors: van Tuyll van Serooskereken Rakotom Sabine , Nyalali Kija , Wamoyi Joyce , Onduru Onduru Gervas , Mshana Gerry , Stok F. Marijn , Yerkes Mara A. , De Wit John B. F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Evidence shows that parenting behaviours, including the use of violent discipline, can be changed through programmatic interventions. This study seeks to examine how policymakers and service providers in Tanzania perceive the provision of parenting support as a strategy to prevent violence against children and what the enabling and hindering factors are for the scale-up of existing evidence-based parenting supports. It does this by applying Daly’s analytical framework for parenting support.

Methods
Qualitative research was undertaken, with interviews conducted with 20 key informants consisting of purposively sampled policymakers and service providers. The interview data were analysed using inductive and deductive coding and analysis.

Results
The most prominent enabling factors noted for the scale-up of parenting support interventions in Tanzania include the existing supportive political commitment, the interventions currently on offer at the programmatic level, and the perceived understanding of Tanzanian caregivers of the importance of parenting and, thereby, a willingness to change. Current factors hindering the scale-up include the lack of a common understanding of what evidence-based parenting programmes entail, inadequate provision of human and financial capital to implement the programmes using community resources and deeply engrained social norms around adultism and gender.

Conclusion
Daly’s analytical framework allowed us to examine barriers and facilitators to scale-up the provision of parenting support to prevent violence against children, based on the viewpoints of policymakers and service providers. Understanding these barriers and facilitators will allow Tanzanian policymakers and service providers to further close the gap between the policies and the actual implementation of evidence-based parenting support programmes aimed at preventing violence against children.
Phytochemical analysis and anti-aging efficacy of two Egyptian sweet potato cultivars in a d-galactose-induced skin aging model
Authors: Elgabry Rehab M. , Fawzy Ghada A. , Meselhy Khaled M. , Ramadan Nehal M. , Younes Nihal Farid , Al-Taweel Areej M. , Perveen Shagufta , Sedeek Mohamed S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is a member of the family Convolvulaceae. Much research has highlighted its variable biological actions in the treatment of many disorders. Our study focused on the quantitative analysis of two Egyptian sweet potato cultivars (Abees and A195). First, we applied proximate analysis, measured total phenolic, and flavonoid contents, performing an HPLC standardization of their ethanolic extracts using chlorogenic acid standard. Furthermore, the two cultivars were formulated as topical creams (3% w/w and 5% w/w) and evaluated for their anti-skin aging activity in a d-galactose-induced skin aging mouse model. Results revealed that both cultivars have high nutritional importance.

Results
Abees exhibited higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than A195, while A195 contained a higher concentration of chlorogenic acid. Both cultivars showed a concentration-dependent anti-skin aging activity, with 5% Abees cream demonstrating the lowest visual skin-aging score, the highest activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the lowest concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). Restoration of skin thickness and collagen content was observed in the 5% Abees group, while both Abees and A195 caused a noticeable concentration-dependent decrease in the skin SMAD7 expression. Decreased SMAD7 has been correlated to upregulating the TGF-β/SMAD3-induced collagen production in aged skin.

Conclusion
This study elaborates the nutritional importance, phenolic and flavonoid content and anti-skin aging activity of Abees and A195 roots and we recommend further preclinical and clinical investigations of sweet potato.
Transcriptional regulation of miR528-PPO module by miR156 targeted SPLs orchestrates chilling response in banana
Authors: Kong Xiangjin , Peng Kuan , Shan Youxia , Yun Ze , Dalmay Tamas , Duan Xuewu , Jiang Yueming , Qu Hongxia , Zhu Hong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBanana is sensitive to cold stress and often suffers from chilling injury with browning peel and failure to normal ripening. We have previously reported that banana chilling injury is accompanied by a reduction of miR528 accumulation, alleviating the degradation of its target gene MaPPO and raising ROS levels that cause peel browning. Here, we further revealed that the miR528-MaPPO cold-responsive module was regulated by miR156-targeted SPL transcription factors, and the miR156c-MaSPL4 module was also responsive to cold stress in banana. Transient overexpression of miR156c resulted in a more severe chilling phenotype by decreasing the expression of MaSPL4 and miR528. Conversely, the browning was alleviated in STTM-miR156c silencing and OE-MaSPL4 samples. Furthermore, DNA affinity purification sequencing and MaSPL4-overexpressing transcriptome jointly revealed that MaSPL4 may mediate the transcription of genes related to lipid metabolism and antioxidation, in addition to the miR528-MaPPO module, demonstrating MaSPL4 as a master regulator in the fruit cold response network. In summary, our results suggest that the miR156c-MaSPL4 module can mediate the chilling response in banana by regulating the miR528-MaPPO module and multiple other pathways, which provides evidence for the crosstalk between TFs and miRNAs that can be used for the molecular breeding of fruit cold tolerance.
Alcohol use among populations with autism spectrum disorder: narrative systematic review
Authors: Barber William , Aslan Betul , Meynen Tim , Marsden John , Chamberlain Samuel R. , Paleri Vigneshwar , Sinclair Julia M.A. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Alcohol use in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is under-researched. Previous reviews have explored substance use as a whole, but this neglects individual characteristics unique to different substances. Alcohol use in non-clinical samples is associated with diverse responses. To advance practice and policy, an improved understanding of alcohol use among people with ASD is crucial to meet individual needs.

Aims
This was a narrative systematic review of the current literature on the association between alcohol use and ASD, focusing on aetiology (biological, psychological, social and environmental risk factors) and implications (consequences and protective factors) of alcohol use in autistic populations who utilise clinical services. We sought to identify priority research questions and offer policy and practice recommendations.

Method
PROSPERO Registration: CRD42023430291. The search was conducted across five databases: CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsychINFO and Global Health. Included studies explored alcohol use and ASD within clinical samples.

Results
A total of 22 studies was included in the final review. The pooled prevalence of alcohol use disorder in ASD was 1.6% and 16.1% in large population registers and clinical settings, respectively. Four components were identified as possible aetiological risk factors: age, co-occurring conditions, gender and genetics. We identified ten implications for co-occurring alcohol use disorder in ASD, summarised as a concept map.

Conclusion
Emerging trends in the literature suggest direction and principles for research and practice. Future studies should use a standardised methodological approach, including psychometrically validated instruments and representative samples, to inform policy and improve the experience for autistic populations with co-occurring alcohol use.
Automatic mitigation of dynamic atmospheric turbulence using optical phase conjugation for coherent free-space optical communications
Authors: Zhou Huibin , Su Xinzhou , Duan Yuxiang , Zuo Yue , Jiang Zile , Ramakrishnan Muralekrishnan , Tepper Jan , Ziegler Volker , Boyd Robert W. , Tur Moshe , Willner Alan E. 
Published: January 2025

Coherent detection can provide enhanced receiver sensitivity and spectral efficiency in free-space optical (FSO) communications. However, turbulence can cause modal power coupling effects on a Gaussian data beam and significantly degrade the mixing efficiency between the data beam and a Gaussian local oscillator (LO) in the coherent detector. Specifically, for widely used single-mode-fiber (SMF)-coupled coherent detectors, such degradation is mainly caused by the significantly reduced efficiency when coupling the multi-mode data beam into the SMF. Optical phase conjugation (OPC) in a photorefractive crystal can “automatically” mitigate turbulence by (a) recording a back-propagated turbulence-distorted probe beam, and (b) creating a phase-conjugate beam that has the inverse phase distortion of the medium as the transmitted data beam. However, previously reported crystal-based OPC approaches for FSO links have demonstrated either: (1) a relatively fast response time of 35 ms but at a relatively low data rate (e.g., <1Mbit/s), or (2) a relatively high data rate of 2-Gbit/s but at a slow response time (e.g., >60s). Here, we report an OPC approach for the automatic mitigation of dynamic turbulence that enables both a high data rate (8 Gbit/s) data beam and a rapid (<5ms) response time. For a similar data rate, this represents a 10,000-fold faster response time than previous reports, thereby enabling mitigation for dynamic effects. In our approach, the transmitted pre-distorted phase-conjugate data beam is generated by four-wave mixing in a GaAs crystal of three input beams: a turbulence-distorted probe beam, a Gaussian reference beam regenerated from the probe beam, and a Gaussian data beam carrying a high-speed data channel. We experimentally demonstrate our approach in an 8-Gbit/s quadrature-phase-shift-keying coherent FSO link through emulated dynamic turbulence. Our results show an up to ∼10-dB improvement in the free-space-to-SMF coupling efficiency for the data beam under dynamic turbulence with a bandwidth of up to ∼260Hz (Greenwood frequency). Our approach has the potential to significantly increase the resilience of high-performance coherent FSO links to turbulence.
Associations of resuscitation fluid load, colloid-to-crystalloid infusion ratio and clinical outcomes in children with dengue shock syndrome
Authors: Luan Vo Thanh , Tien Vo Thi-Hong , Phuong Ngo Thi-Mai , Viet Do Chau , Tung Trinh Huu , Thanh Nguyen Tat 
Published: January 2025

Background
Severe respiratory distress and acute kidney injury (AKI) are key factors leading to poor outcomes in patients with dengue shock syndrome (DSS). There is still limited data on how much resuscitated fluid and the specific ratios of intravenous fluid types contribute to the development of severe respiratory distress necessitating mechanical ventilation (MV) and AKI in children with DSS.

Methodology/principal findings
This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Vietnam between 2013 and 2022. The primary outcomes were the need for MV and renal function within 48 h post-admission. A predictive model for MV was developed based on covariates from the first 24 h of PICU admission. Changes in renal function within 48 h were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. A total of 1,278 DSS children with complete clinical and fluid data were included. The predictive performance of MV based on the total intravenous fluid volume administered yielded an AUC of 0.871 (95% CI, 0.836–0.905), while the colloid-to-crystalloid ratio showed an AUC of 0.781 (95% CI, 0.743–0.819) (both P < 0.001). The optimal cut-off point of the cumulative fluid infusion was 181 mL/kg, whereas that of the colloid-to-crystalloid ratio was 1.6. Multivariable analysis identified female patients, severe bleeding, severe transaminitis, excessive fluid resuscitation, and a higher proportion of colloid solutions in the first 24 h as significant predictors of MV in DSS patients. The predictive model for MV demonstrated high accuracy, with a C-statistic of 89%, strong calibration, and low Brier score (0.04). Importantly, a more pronounced decline in glomerular filtration rate was observed in DSS patients who required MV than in those who did not.

Conclusions/significance
This study provides insights into optimizing fluid management protocols, highlighting the importance of monitoring fluid volume and the colloid-to-crystalloid ratio during early resuscitation to improve the clinical outcomes of DSS patients.
Multifaceted barriers associated with clinical breast examination in sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel analytical approach
Authors: Ayebeng Castro , Okyere Joshua , Okantey Christiana , Addo Isaac Yeboah 
Published: January 2025

Objectives
Clinical breast examination (CBE) open the pathway to early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. This study examined barriers to CBE uptake in seven sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries.

Methods
Data from the most current Demographic and Health Surveys of Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, Ghana, and Kenya Mozambique, Senegal and Tanzania was used. A weighted sample size of 65,486 women aged 25–49 years was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of CBE. We employed a multilevel logistic regression modelling technique, with results presented in adjusted odds ratios (aOR) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
The pooled prevalence of CBE uptake in the studied SSA countries is low at 19.2% [95%CI: 18.5–19.8]. Screening uptake was significantly low among women reporting difficulty in getting permission (aOR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.82–0.95), and distance (aOR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99), as well as those who reported financial constraints (aOR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88–0.97), as barriers to access healthcare facilities. However, surprisingly, women who faced travel-alone barriers were 1.19 times (95%CI: 1.10–1.28) more likely to utilise CBE than those who did not face this barrier.

Conclusions
We conclude that barriers such as difficulties in obtaining permission, long distances to healthcare facilities, and financial constraints significantly reduce the likelihood of women undergoing CBE. The study underscores a need to improve access to healthcare facilities. Practically, this can be achieved by expanding mobile health services and integrating CBE into primary healthcare will help overcome distance-related challenges. Additionally, targeted outreach and transportation initiatives are necessary to support women facing travel barriers.
What makes a city breastfeeding friendly? A qualitative analysis of interviews with breastfeeding women from Europe and Asia
Authors: Tan May Loong , O’Sullivan Elizabeth J. , Ho Jacqueline J. , Omer-Salim Amal , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. 
Published: January 2025

Background
The warm chain of support is the continuous enabling environment from the mother’s first contact with healthcare professionals during early pregnancy, birth and immediate post-partum period, her transition from healthcare facility to home, through to work and the community at large. A breastfeeding-friendly city should be able to support a breastfeeding journey across the warm chain.

Objective
To determine breastfeeding women’s perspective of an ideal breastfeeding-friendly city.

Methods
Between September 2021 and January 2022, twenty-two women who were breastfeeding or had ever breastfed in the last 5 years from Ireland and Malaysia were interviewed. A set of selection criteria was applied to ensure representation of a range of the characteristics known to be associated with breastfeeding success: diverse age groups, birth and breastfeeding experiences, culture and socioeconomical background. One-on-one semi-structured online interviews were conducted by the first author. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke’s Thematic Analysis framework.

Results
One overarching theme of breastfeeding at the front and centre of the city, and three major themes were developed: 1. mothers feel supported when breastfeeding is prioritised; 2. when breastfeeding is visible in the environment, it becomes normalized; 3. there is a need to have seamless breastfeeding support across the continuum of the warm chain, and at all levels of society.

Conclusions
The findings demonstrated the importance of prioritized, and continuous support throughout the breastfeeding journey. The hopes and aspirations of a breastfeeding-friendly city expressed here would be useful for cities to consider when developing or implementing breastfeeding support programmes as well as guide development of indicators of a breastfeeding-friendly city.
Communication needs regarding heart failure trajectory and palliative care between patients and healthcare providers: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Park Jin-Sun , Seo Kyoung-Woo , Lee Jung Eun , Kim Kyoung-Hwa , Ahn Jeong-Ah 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Heart failure (HF) is a chronic condition with an unpredictable trajectory, making effective communication between patients and healthcare providers crucial for optimizing outcomes. This study aims to investigate and compare the communication needs regarding HF trajectory and palliative care between patients and healthcare providers and to identify factors associated with the communication needs of patients with HF.

Methods
A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 100 patients with HF and 35 healthcare providers. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing communication needs, health literacy, self-care behavior, and social support. Statistical analyses were performed, including Spearman’s rank correlation, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression analyses.

Results
Patients prioritized communication related to device-related questions, whereas healthcare providers focused more on aspects of HF in daily life. Both groups ranked end-of-life communication as the lowest priority. The communication needs of patients were positively correlated with health literacy (r = 0.27, p = .007), self-care behavior (r = 0.32, p = .001), and social support (r = 0.24, p = .016). Multiple regression analyses indicated that self-care behavior was a significant factor influencing the communication needs of patients (β = 0.27, p = .011).

Conclusions
Enhanced patient-centered communication strategies are required to address the communication priority gaps between patients and healthcare providers. Improving health literacy, supporting self-care behaviors, and leveraging social support are critical in meeting patients’ communication needs. Tailored communication training for healthcare providers can bridge this gap and improve overall HF management.
Interoception, cardiac health, and heart failure: The potential for artificial intelligence (AI)—driven diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Singh Mahavir , Babbarwal Anmol , Pushpakumar Sathnur , Tyagi Suresh C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract“I see, I forget, I read aloud, I remember, and when I do read purposefully by writing it, I do not forget it.” This phenomenon is known as “interoception” and refers to the sensing and interpretation of internal body signals, allowing the brain to communicate with various body systems. Dysfunction in interoception is associated with cardiovascular disorders. We delve into the concept of interoception and its impact on heart failure (HF) by reviewing and exploring neural mechanisms underlying interoceptive processing. Furthermore, we review the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnosis, biomarker development, and HF treatment. In the context of HF, AI algorithms can analyze and interpret complex interoceptive data, providing valuable insights for diagnosis and treatment. These algorithms can identify patterns of disease markers that can contribute to early detection and diagnosis, enabling timely intervention and improved outcomes. These biomarkers hold significant potential in improving the precision/efficacy of HF. Additionally, AI‐powered technologies offer promising avenues for treatment. By leveraging patient data, AI can personalize therapeutic interventions. AI‐driven technologies such as remote monitoring devices and wearable sensors enable the monitoring of patients' health. By harnessing the power of AI, we should aim to advance the diagnosis and treatment strategies for HF. This review explores the potential of AI in diagnosing, developing biomarkers, and managing HF.
Some new results on the truncation in fractional μ-Sobolev–Slobodetskii space ℋα/2
μ(ξ1)(Λ)
Authors: Cen Jinxia , Vanterler da C. Sousa J. , Zeng Shengda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the present paper, we concern on discussing some results of the fractional Laplacian with respect to a given function μ. In addition, we also discuss the Nemytskii operators

Ψ
↦

|
Ψ
|

{\Psi\mapsto|\Psi|}

and

Ψ
↦

Ψ
±

{\Psi\mapsto\Psi^{\pm}}

in μ-fractional Sobolev–Slobodetskii space.
The impact of Omega-3 supplementation on arrhythmia reduction in acute coronary syndrome patients: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hemmati Roholla , Bahrami Zanjanbar Dorsa , Shishesaz Mohammad Iman , Soleimani Abbas , Yari Tahereh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), including Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), represent a major global health challenge. Arrhythmias such as Ventricular Tachycardia (VT), Ventricular Fibrillation (VF), Atrial Fibrillation (AF), Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs), and Premature Atrial Contractions (PACs) frequently complicate ACS, needing effective management strategies. Omega-3 fatty acids have shown potency in preventing sudden cardiac death by modulating arrhythmias, but their acute effects in ACS patients remain controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Omega-3 supplementation on reducing common arrhythmias among ACS patients.

Methods
A randomized clinical trial involving 74 ACS patients was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either 1 gr of Omega-3 daily or placebo (olive oil capsules) for five days. Arrhythmia frequencies (AF, PVCs, PACs, VT, VF) were monitored using daily ECGs, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software (version 24).

Results
Over the five days, patients receiving Omega-3 showed significant reductions in the occurrence of AF (26.66–11.66 %, p=0.015), PACs (21.66–3.33 %, p=0.043), and PVCs (36.66–3.33 %, p=0.021) compared to the control group. The frequency of VT and VF cases was low, with only one VT case in the Omega-3 group, which resolved without intervention after the second day.

Conclusions
This study highlights the potential of Omega-3 fatty acids as adjunct therapy for arrhythmia management post-ACS, particularly in reducing AF, PACs, and PVCs. However, the minimal effects on VF and VT and the lack of thorough statistical analysis for these arrhythmias warrant further investigation.