bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FLS2‐RBOHD module regulates changes in the metabolome of Arabidopsis in response to abiotic stress
Authors: Yu Xiaole , Liu Zhixin , Qin Aizhi , Zhou Yaping , Zhao Zihao , Yang Jincheng , Hu Mengke , Liu Hao , Liu Yumeng , Sun Susu , Zhang Yixin , Jan Masood , Bawa George , Sun Xuwu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThrough crosstalk, FLAGELLIN SENSITIVE 2 (FLS2) and RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG D (RBOHD) are involved in regulating the homeostasis of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are linked to the metabolic response of plants toward both biotic and abiotic stress. In the present study, we examined the metabolome of Arabidopsis seedlings under drought and salt conditions to better understand the potential role of FLS2 and RBOHD‐dependent signaling in the regulation of abiotic stress response. We identified common metabolites and genes that are regulated by FLS2 and RBOHD, and are involved in the response to drought and salt stress. Under drought conditions, D‐aspartic acid and the expression of associated genes, such as ASPARAGINE SYNTHASE 2 (ASN2), increased in both fls2 and robed/f double mutants. The accumulation of amino acids, carbohydrates, and hormones, such as L‐proline, D‐ribose, and indoleacetaldehyde increased in both fls2 and rbohd/f double mutants under salt conditions, as did the expression of related genes, such as PROLINE IMINOPEPTIDASE, PHOSPHORIBOSYL PYROPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 5, and NITRILASE 3. Collectively, these results indicate that the FLS2‐RBOHD module regulates plant response to drought and salt stress through ROS signaling by adjusting the accumulation of metabolites and expression of genes related to metabolite synthesis.
Prospective, randomized, controlled, trial to assessASADOSingby body mass index inHEalthyvolunteers (DOSEstudy)
Authors: Nay Isaac , Hutchinson Doug , Rondina Matthew , Kim Kibum , Kroencke Rachel , Kirkham Amanda , Trujillo Toby , Tolley Neal D. , Munger Mark 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStudy ObjectiveAspirin (ASA) has demonstrated inconsistent results in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Guidelines are also inconsistent in the recommendation of routine ASA use for primary prevention of CVD, but advocate dosing as a “one‐size‐fits‐all” approach.DesignAn intention‐to‐treat, double‐blind, randomized, controlled, clinical trial comparing three treatment arms of ASA 81, 325, and 500 mg daily dosed for 14 days were evenly randomized across the dosing categories to measure the impact of dosing by body mass index (BMI) (20–24.9, 25–29.9, ≥30 kg/m2) on ASA anti‐platelet effects.SettingUniversity Ambulatory Clinic.PatientsHealthy volunteers defined as individuals who were medication free without acute or chronic significant health problems.InterventionChange in ASA reactivity unit (ARU), salicylate levels, and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) levels were measured across BMI dosing categories and time.Main ResultsFifty‐four participants with a mean (±SD) age of 34.4 ± 10.9 years (M:F; 23:31) completed the study. Baseline ARU and TxB2 levels were not significantly different between obese and non‐obese individuals. BMI was not a predictor of platelet inhibition. There was no interaction between gender and platelet activation at baseline or following ASA treatment. ASA 81 mg was associated with a lower ARU response (approximate 50% lower response) than either the 325‐mg or the 500‐mg doses of ASA. TxB2 and salicylate levels exhibited lower trends at 81 mg compared with higher doses.ConclusionsIn healthy male and female participants administered ASA for 14 days, obesity is not associated with increased basal platelet activation or ASA resistance. ASA 81 mg was significantly less effective in reducing platelet aggregation compared with ASA 325 and 500 mg, independent of BMI.
Bayesian single‐to‐double arm transition design using both short‐term and long‐term endpoints
Authors: Xu Tianlin , Shi Haolun , Lin Ruitao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe choice between single‐arm designs versus randomized double‐arm designs has been contentiously debated in the literature of phase II oncology trials. Recently, as a compromise, the single‐to‐double arm transition design was proposed, combining the two designs into one trial over two stages. Successful implementation of the two‐stage transition design requires a suspension period at the end of the first stage to collect the response data of the already enrolled patients. When the evaluation of the primary efficacy endpoint is overly long, the between‐stage suspension period may unfavorably prolong the trial duration and cause a delay in treating future eligible patients. To accelerate the trial, we propose a Bayesian single‐to‐double arm design with short‐term endpoints (BSDS), where an intermediate short‐term endpoint is used for making early termination decisions at the end of the single‐arm stage, followed by an evaluation of the long‐term endpoint at the end of the subsequent double‐arm stage. Bayesian posterior probabilities are used as the primary decision‐making tool at the end of the trial. Design calibration steps are proposed for this Bayesian monitoring process to control the frequentist operating characteristics and minimize the expected sample size. Extensive simulation studies have demonstrated that our design has comparable power and average sample size but a much shorter trial duration than conventional single‐to‐double arm design. Applications of the design are illustrated using two phase II oncology trials with binary endpoints.
The effects of phytochemicals on serum triglycerides in subjects with hypertriglyceridemia: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Dadkhah Tehrani Sahar , Shojaei Mehrnaz , Bagherniya Mohammad , Pirro Matteo , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of phytochemicals on lipid parameters in patients with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar from inception up to October 2021 to recognize randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of phytochemicals on lipid profiles in patients with HTG. Forty‐eight RCTs including 53 arms and comprising 3,478 HTG patients met the eligibility criteria. Phytochemicals significantly reduced the serum levels of triglycerides in 32 out 53 arms, total cholesterol in 22 out of 51, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in 21 out of 48, very low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in 1 out of 5, apolipoprotein B in 2 out of 4, and lipoprotein(a) levels in 2 out of 4 arms. Furthermore, phytochemicals supplementation increased the levels of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in 15 out of 48 arms. In brief, phytochemicals supplementation might have beneficial effects on HTG. In most of the studies, phytochemicals had a favorable effect on at least one of the lipid parameters.
Aggrecan accumulates at sites of increased pulmonary arterial pressure in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: van der Have Oscar , Mead Timothy J. , Westöö Christian , Peruzzi Niccolò , Mutgan Ayse C. , Norvik Christian , Bech Martin , Struglics André , Hoetzenecker Konrad , Brunnström Hans , Westergren‐Thorsson Gunilla , Kwapiszewska Grazyna , Apte Suneel S. , Tran‐Lundmark Karin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExpansion of extracellular matrix occurs in all stages of pulmonary angiopathy associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In systemic arteries, dysregulation and accumulation of the large chondroitin‐sulfate proteoglycan aggrecan is associated with swelling and disruption of vessel wall homeostasis. Whether aggrecan is present in pulmonary arteries, and its potential roles in PAH, has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, lung tissue from 11 patients with idiopathic PAH was imaged using synchrotron radiation phase‐contrast microcomputed tomography (TOMCAT beamline, Swiss Light Source). Immunohistochemistry for aggrecan core protein in subsequently sectioned lung tissue demonstrated accumulation in PAH compared with failed donor lung controls. RNAscope in situ hybridization indicated ACAN expression in vascular endothelium and smooth muscle cells. Based on qualitative histological analysis, aggrecan localizes to cellular, rather than fibrotic or collagenous, lesions. Interestingly, ADAMTS15, a potential aggrecanase, was upregulated in pulmonary arteries in PAH. Aligning traditional histological analysis with three‐dimensional renderings of pulmonary arteries from synchrotron imaging identified aggrecan in lumen‐reducing lesions containing loose, cell‐rich connective tissue, at sites of intrapulmonary bronchopulmonary shunting, and at sites of presumed elevated pulmonary blood pressure. Our findings suggest that ACAN expression may be an early response to injury in pulmonary angiopathy and supports recent work showing that dysregulation of aggrecan turnover is a hallmark of arterial adaptations to altered hemodynamics. Whether cause or effect, aggrecan and aggrecanase regulation in PAH are potential therapeutic targets.
3D printer platform and conductance feedback loop for automated imaging of uneven surfaces by liquid microjunction‐surface sampling probe mass spectrometry
Authors: Hermann Matthias , Metwally Haidy , Yu Jian , Smith Rachael , Tomm Hailey , Kaufmann Martin , Ren Kevin Y. M. , Liu Chang , LeBlanc Yves , Covey Thomas R. , Ross Avena C. , Oleschuk Richard D. 
Published: February 2023

RationaleMolecular imaging of samples using mass spectrometric techniques, such as matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization or desorption electrospray ionization, requires the sample surface to be even/flat and sliced into thin sections (c. 10 μm). Furthermore, sample preparation steps can alter the analyte composition of the sample. The liquid microjunction‐surface sampling probe (LMJ‐SSP) is a robust sampling interface that enables surface profiling with minimal sample preparation. In conjunction with a conductance feedback system, the LMJ‐SSP can be used to automatically sample uneven specimens.MethodsA sampling stage was built with a modified 3D printer where the LMJ‐SSP is attached to the printing head. This setup can scan across flat and even surfaces in a predefined pattern (“static sampling mode”). Uneven samples are automatically probed in “conductance sampling mode” where an electric potential is applied and measured at the probe. When the probe contacts the electrically grounded sample, the potential at the probe drops, which is used as a feedback signal to determine the optimal position of the probe for sampling each location.ResultsThe applicability of the probe/sensing system was demonstrated by first examining the strawberry tissue using the “static sampling mode.” Second, porcine tissue samples were profiled using the “conductance sampling mode.” With minimal sample preparation, an area of 11 × 15 mm was profiled in less than 2 h. From the obtained results, adipose areas could be distinguished from non‐adipose parts. The versatility of the approach was further demonstrated by directly sampling the bacteria colonies on agar and resected human kidney (intratumoral hemorrhage) specimens with thicknesses ranging from 1 to 4 mm.ConclusionThe LMJ‐SSP in conjunction with a conductive feedback system is a powerful tool that allows for fast, reproducible, and automated assessment of uneven surfaces with minimal sample preparation. This setup could be used for perioperative assessment of tissue samples, food screening, and natural product discovery, among others.
Preparation of Self‐Catalyzing Sols in the 40SiO2 – 30FeO – 20FeO – 20CaO – 10Na2O Glass System by Sol‐Gel Method
Authors: Rezvani M. , Oskoui P. Rastgoo , Kianvash A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this research, the self‐catalyzing sol method was used to prepare amorphous glass. In this method, as a result of the reaction between iron nitrate and ethanol, nitrous acid was synthesized. Nitrous acid reduced pH and acted as a catalyst ethanol oxidation to ethanoic acid. Different factors affect the preparation of self‐catalyzing sol and the amount of synthesized acid (aging time, temperature of sol preparation, and ratio of precursor to solvent). It was seen that the aging time had the greatest effect in reducing the pH of the sol. Ethanol oxidation was measured by gas chromatography (GC), and it was observed that approximately 95 % of ethanol was converted to ethanoic acid. The optimum glass was heat treated at different temperatures. Maghemite, hematite, and sodium calcium silicate phases were crystallized. The maximum saturation magnetization of the sample treated at 680 °C was 0.27 emu/g.
Effect of early‐strengthening of RC beams using UHPC layers on their performance against reinforcement corrosion
Authors: Al‐Huri Mohammed A. , Al‐Osta Mohammed A. , Ahmad Shamsad , Al‐Dulaijan Salah U. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the present work, the effect of early‐strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beam specimens using layers of ultra‐high performance concrete (UHPC) on their performance against reinforcement corrosion was examined. A number of fifteen RC beam specimens were prepared, one beam specimen uncorroded and unstrengthened was considered as a control beam, two beams were corroded and unstrengthened, and twelve corroded and strengthened beam specimens that were divided into two groups. RC beam specimens of the first group were corroded continuously to cause total theoretically targeted mass losses of the steel rebars and then strengthened using UHPC layers. RC beams of the second group were also corroded to the same degrees but in two steps. In the first step, the beams were corroded to cause a portion of targeted theoretical mass losses. Then the beams were strengthened in the same way as the beams of the first group and then subjected to second‐step accelerated reinforcement corrosion to achieve finally the same degrees of total theoretical mass losses as that of the first group. The corroded and strengthened beam specimens were exposed to flexural testing, and then the corroded rebars extracted from the beams were used to conduct gravimetric tests to determine the actual values of the mass losses due to accelerated corrosion. The gravimetric and flexural tests' results were used mainly to observe the influence of early‐strengthening on the actual mass loss and the flexural behavior of the tested beam specimens. Results showed a significant reduction in the values of the actual mass loss and better flexural behavior due to the early‐strengthening of the corroded beams. An analytical model, developed and validated using the data collected from the experimental tests, can be utilized to predict the ultimate load‐carrying capacities of the corroded strengthened RC beam specimens.
Searching for Safety and Researching for Justice: Documenting Migrant Experiences in the Paso del Norte Border Region
Authors: Harvey Neil , Slack Jeremy , Mateo Nancy , Martin Zaira , Garcia Kathryn , Garcia Alondra Aca , Avitia Daniel , McElhone Yates Ava 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHow can higher education advance knowledge of the harmful conditions faced by migrants fleeing violence and poverty in ways that support ongoing efforts to achieve change in how they are perceived and treated in the U.S.? This chapter seeks to address this question through discussion of the National Science Foundation-Research Experience for Undergraduates (NSF-REU) Site Program on Immigration Policy and Border Communities, co-directed by Neil Harvey and Jeremy Slack since 2018.
Court Interpretation, or Ganas Goes Legit
Authors: Pitcher Jonathan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter recounts how “Ganas” went from a brief conversation and makeshift practice to an established structure in which students could ground their education. It is still hard to pin down, however, for its only permanent ethos is to serve its members, mostly consisting of Latino migrant workers and successive generations of Bennington undergraduates, which means instead that it is reinvented on a yearly basis, at the very least. Of late, it has come to include a course on court interpretation, prompted by immediate need and informed by interactions with the National Center for State Courts, a task force of experts led by the Vermont Office of the Court Administrator, and The Consortium on Forced Migration, Displacement and Education. Its continued relevance is sadly all too obvious, although I can but hope that one day its services will no longer be required.
Scaling solutions for asymptotically free quantum gravity
Authors: Sen Saswato , Wetterich Christof , Yamada Masatoshi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We compute scaling solutions of functional flow equations for quantum grav- ity in a general truncation with up to four derivatives of the metric. They connect the asymptotically free ultraviolet fixed point, which is accessible to perturbation theory, to the non-perturbative infrared region. The existence of such scaling solutions is necessary for a renormalizable quantum field theory of gravity. If the proposed scaling solution is con- firmed beyond our approximations asymptotic freedom is a viable alternative to asymptotic safety for quantum gravity.
New physics contributions to moments of inclusive b → c semileptonic decays
Authors: Fael Matteo , Rahimi Muslem , Vos K. Keri 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Inclusive semileptonic B →$$ {X}_c\ell {\overline{\nu}}_{\ell } $$

X
c

ℓ

ν
¯

ℓ

decays, where ℓ = μ, e, are by now standard candles in the determination of the CKM element |Vcb|. These determinations rely on the heavy-quark expansion and use moments of decay spectra to extract the non-perturbative parameters directly from data under the standard model assumption.At the same time, new physics could influence the moments of the inclusive decay. In this paper, we compute power-corrections and next-to-leading order corrections in the strong coupling constant using the full basis of dimension-six new physics operators for the inclusive B →$$ {X}_c\ell \overline{\nu} $$

X
c

ℓ

ν
¯

decay. We provide predictions for lepton energy, hadronic and leptonic invariant mass moments, and perform a phenomenological study to show the possible impact of new physics. Our results could be used to perform a global fit including new physics contributions.
Reliability evaluation of a novel fault tolerant multilevel inverter with reduced components
Authors: Dewangan Niraj Kumar , Verma Deepak , Agrawal Rakeshwri , Kumar Dhananjay , Gupta Krishna Kumar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSafety–critical applications rely heavily on multilevel inverters. This article introduces a fault tolerant (FT) multilevel inverter sustaining an uninterrupted operation with an open switch fault occurred in a single and multiple power switches. Power semiconductor devices used in dc-ac converters increased in numbers to obtain high-quality voltage waveform which makes them vulnerable to failure. As a result, reliability is one of the biggest challenges in the utilization of multilevel inverters (MLIs) in many industrial applications. At the same time, reduced component multilevel inverters can achieve the highest resolution in output voltage waveform by compromising significant features (such as fault tolerance ability, charge balance control, etc.) but it is required to be preserved. For effective fault tolerant operation of MLIs, redundant switching states have given the highest priority in terms of switch level failures. A study is being undertaken to develop a novel fault-tolerant MLI, in the event of an open circuit fault on single and multiple switches. Therefore, the proposed FT-MLI structure can fulfill the operational requirement for a time being and claimed to be reduced components. A valid fault tolerant switching technique along with appropriate fault clearance is employed to obtain the desirable output voltage waveforms. In order to determine the feasibility of FT-MLI, performance evaluations are carried out based on results obtained under normal and abnormal operating conditions through the use of a laboratory prototype.
Genetic association of the rs17782313 polymorphism with antipsychotic-induced weight gain
Authors: Schreyer Korbinian Felix , Leucht Stefan , Heres Stephan , Steimer Werner 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Rationale
Weight gain is a frequent side effect of treatment with SGAs (second-generation antipsychotics) and a leading cause for nonadherence. Several candidate genes have been identified that could influence the amount of AIWG (antipsychotic-induced weight gain). The polymorphism rs17782313 near the MC4R (human melanocortin 4 receptor gene) was strongly associated with obesity in a large scale GWAS (genome wide association study), yet previous studies investigating its impact on AIWG did not lead to a definite conclusion regarding its effect. In particular, they were all relatively short and had a naturalistic design.

Objective
We therefore examined the influence of the rs17782313 polymorphism on SGA-related weight gain.

Methods
Participants of a multicenter randomized, controlled, double-blind study comparing two treatment strategies in individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were genotyped using a rapid-cycle polymerase chain reaction. Up to 252 individuals completed the first 2 weeks (phase I), 212 the entire 8 weeks (hence ‘completers’). Patients received either amisulpride or olanzapine or both consecutively. Thirty-seven had their first episode. Weight gain occurring in different genotypes was statistically compared and confounding factors were adjusted by stepwise multiple linear regression. A correction for multiple testing was included.

Results
Within 212 ‘completers’, carriers of the C allele had a higher absolute weight gain than those homozygous for the T allele (2.6 kg vs. 1.2 kg), though this observation was not significant (P = 0.063). In the amisulpride subpopulation, this association appeared stronger and reached significance (2.5 kg vs. 0.7 kg, P = 0.043), though failed to remain significant after correction for multiple testing. A stepwise multiple linear regression showed a significant association in both the whole study population (P < 0.001) and the amisulpride subpopulation (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our results indicate that the rs17782313 polymorphism might influence antipsychotic-induced weight gain and therefore confirm some of the earlier conclusions.