bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D-printed eye model: Simulation of intraocular pressure
Authors: Kobashi Hidenaga , Kobayashi Masaaki 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
To develop artificial eye models using 3D printing and to evaluate the correlation between different corneal thicknesses and intraocular pressures (IOPs).

Methods
We designed 7 artificial eye models using a computer-aided design system and fabricated them using 3D printing. Corneal curvature and axial length were based on the Gullstrand eye model. Hydrogels were injected into the vitreous cavity, and seven different corneal thicknesses (200 to 800 μm) were prepared. In this proposed design, we also produced different corneal stiffnesses. A Tono-Pen AVIA tonometer was used by the same examiner to perform five consecutive IOP measurements in each eye model.

Results
Different eye models were ideally created using 3D printing. IOP measurements were successfully performed in each eye model. The corneal thickness was significantly correlated with IOP (R2 = 0.927; 𝑃<0.001).

Conclusion
The 3D-printed eye model is useful for evaluating IOP measurements. This technique might be a promising alternative to the conventional porcine eye model.
Increased Risk of Hospitalization, Surgery, and Venous Thromboembolism Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Malnutrition in a Large, Community-Based Health Care System
Authors: Fine Liat S. , Zhu Shiyun , Shirazi Aida , Lee Jeffrey K. , Velayos Fernando S. 
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) constitute a high-risk population for malnutrition. Routine screening with standardized tools is recommended but can be challenging. Outcome data specific to IBD are sparse.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective cohort study (2009–2019) and electronically screened a large community-based population with IBD for malnutrition risk by extracting height and longitudinal weight, data elements used in the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST). We used Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate whether an electronic medical record–derived modified MUST malnutrition risk score was associated with IBD-related hospitalization, surgery, and venous thromboembolism.

RESULTS:
Malnutrition risk was categorized as low in 10,844 patients with IBD (86.5%), medium in 1,135 patients (9.1%), and high in 551 patients (4.4%). In the 1-year follow-up period, medium and high malnutrition risks, compared with low risk, were associated with IBD-related hospitalization (medium-risk adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34–2.42; high-risk aHR 1.90, 95% CI 1.30–2.78) and IBD-related surgery (medium risk aHR 2.28, 95% CI 1.60–3.26; high risk aHR 2.38, 95% CI 1.52–3.73). Only high malnutrition risk was associated with venous thromboembolism (aHR 2.79, 95% CI 1.33–5.87).

DISCUSSION:
Malnutrition risk is significantly associated with IBD-related hospitalization, surgery, and venous thromboembolism. Application of the MUST score to the electronic medical record can efficiently identify patients at risk for malnutrition and adverse outcomes, permitting concentration of nutritional and nonnutritional resources to those at greatest risk.
Fetus-in-fetu: mimicking teratoma on antenatal ultrasound
Authors: Mazhoud Ines , Skhiri Wissal , Hafsa Chiraz , Maghrebi Amel , Ksiaa Amine , Maatouk Mohamed , Ben Salem Amina 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Fetus-in-fetu is a rare congenital anomaly that occur secondary to abnormal embryogenesis in a diamniotic monochorionic pregnancy. Its diagnosis can be accurately made by imaging ultrasonography, radiography, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. Differential diagnosis is an important issue because FIF, teratoma and cystic meconium peritonitis are very different in terms of their respective disease courses.

Case presentation
This is an interesting rare case of a 22-year-old pregnancy woman, presented for a routine antenatal ultrasound. The diagnosis of a fetus-in-fetu was suspected, complete surgical excision of the lesion was performed and the diagnosis was histopathologically confirmed

Conclusions
We describe also the common characteristic of FIF as revealed by prenatal and postnatal US, postnatal MRI, and the operative findings.
Besser spät als nie
Authors: Hurlebusch Klaus 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
After sixty years, the work on the Hamburg Klopstock edition is nearing completion. That is reason enough to recall the planned and unplanned, the institutional, material, financial and personal conditions under which this complete edition has become what currently distinguishes it from comparable German-language editions of poets. The conceptual and methodical characteristics are described that allow the Hamburg Klopstock edition to be classified in terms of the history of scholarly editing: the strong author-centrism in the volumes of the Works section of the edition; the explanations as a focus in the reader-friendly volumes of the correspondence as well as the methodical innovations in the Addenda section in the form of the genetic prose text representation (Addenda II) and the bibliographical description of the prints of Klopstock’s works based on the model of the Anglo-American analytical bibliography (Addenda III). The typographic design is another characteristic of this edition.
Bei uns am Markte
Authors: Sprengel Peter 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
What path did the textual history of Schleiermacher’s Charades take between the first handwritten transcription around 1806 and the oldest printings in the 1820s and 1830s – which lack a clear authorisation and differ greatly in textual form? In this unclear situation, Schleiermacher philology has also discussed a copy by an unknown hand as a textual witness (of dubious value), which can now be clearly assigned and dated on the basis of the accompanying letter and a comparison of manuscripts. It documents the circulation of the sociable occasional poems in the Hallenser Kreis (Halle Circle) in 1806/07 and at the same time forms the source for the second verifiable print in 1837.
Analysis and Necessity in Arithmetic in Light of Maimon’s Concept of Number as Ratio
Authors: Chikurel Idit 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The article examines how Salomon Maimon’s concept of number as ratio can be used to demonstrate that arithmetical judgments are analytical. Based on his critique of Kant’s synthetic a priori judgments, I show how this notion of number fulfills Maimon’s requirements for apodictic knowledge. Moreover, I suggest that Maimon was influenced by mathematicians who previously defined number as a ratio, such as Wallis and Newton. Following an analysis of the real definition of this concept, I conclude that within the framework of Maimon’s philosophy, arithmetical judgments cannot be analytical, nor is arithmetic an objectively necessary science, but rather only subjectively necessary. We should also cast doubt on his claim that we can create real objects from pure concepts of the understanding.
Defining the zerogap: cracking along the photolithographically defined Au–Cu–Au lines with sub-nanometer precision
Authors: Kim Sunghwan , Das Bamadev , Ji Kang Hyeon , Moghaddam Mahsa Haddadi , Chen Cheng , Cha Jongjin , Namgung Seon , Lee Dukhyung , Kim Dai-Sik 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Cracks are formed along the photolithographically pre-determined lines with extremely high yield and repeatability, when Cu clusters are introduced between planarized Au thin films sequentially deposited on a PET substrate. These clusters act as nanometer-sized spacers preventing the formation of contiguous metallic bond between the adjacent Au layers which will render prepatterned-cracking impossible. While the effective gap width is initially zero in the optical sense from microwaves all the way to the visible, outer-bending the PET substrate allows the gap width tuning into the 100 nm range, with the stability and controllability in the ranges of 100 s and Angstrom-scale, respectively. It is anticipated that our wafer-scale prepatterned crack technology with an unprecedented mixture of macroscopic length and Angstrom-scale controllability will open-up many applications in optoelectronics, quantum photonics and photocatalysis.
Islam- und Muslimfeindlichkeit im deutschsprachigen Raum aus praktisch-theologischer Perspektive
Authors: Polak Regina 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag zielt auf eine (selbst)kritische Rezeption sozialwissenschaftlicher Studien zur Islam- und Muslimfeindlichkeit im deutschsprachigen Raum durch die christliche Theologie und Religionspädagogik. Denn eine Meta-Analyse ausgewählter empirischer Studien für Deutschland, Österreich und die Schweiz zeigt, dass die Dimension der Religion zwar sehr gut erforscht ist, eine genuin theologische Perspektive, die nach dem Einfluss historisch und zeitgenössisch wirkmächtiger, genuin christlicher Motive, Inhalte, Narrative und Praktiken fragt, jedoch unterbelichtet ist. Theologie und Religionspädagogik sollten sich daher hinkünftig verstärkt in die Forschung zu Islam- und Muslimfeindlichkeit einbringen.
Muslim:innenfeindlichkeit als Vorurteil und Herausforderung für interreligiöses Lernen – Konsequenzen für den christlichen Religionsunterricht
Authors: Schlag Thomas , Schweitzer Friedrich 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article addresses the question of how to deal with anti-Muslim prejudices and attitudes among pupils in Christian Religious Education, especially from the perspective of interreligious learning. Based on current empirical findings, in particular on corresponding prejudices and negative attitudes of young people and Christian pupils, the so far insufficient consideration of the problem of prejudice in concepts of interreligious learning is considered and the potentials of Religious Education for the reduction of hostility against Muslims and Islam are discussed. From there, and especially in orientation to the so-called contact hypothesis, tasks for the future of Religious Education practice and further research are outlined.
Bayerischer Religionsunterricht in christlich-ökumenischem Blickfang
Authors: Lachmann Rainer 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ausgehend von einer fragwürdigen Verpflichtungserklärung wird der traditionell nach Konfessionen getrennte Religionsunterricht in Bayern der ökumenischen Perspektive ausgesetzt. Dabei wird festgestellt, dass weder die „Gemeinsame Erklärung zur Rechtfertigungslehre“ von 1999 noch die Aufnahme der Barmer Theologischen Erklärung in die bayerische Kirchenverfassung oder einschlägige parteipolitische Anträge an den Landtag auf Seiten der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern eine Wirkung in Richtung eines gemeinsam mit der katholischen Kirche verantworteten christlich ökumenischen Religionsunterrichts zeitigte. Erst die von der Corona-Pandemie verursachte „natürliche Revolution“ ließ den Staat „eine von beiden Kirchen autorisierte Form eines temporär kooperativen Religionsunterrichts im Klassenverband“ verordnen. Umgehend wurde diese Form von den Verbänden der Religionslehrkräfte abgelehnt, was nach einer aktuellen Umfrage auch der Meinung der praktizierenden Lehrer:innen entspricht, die sich mit großer Mehrheit für einen konfessionell getrennten RU aussprechen. Dass es dementgegen in unserer inzwischen nachchristlichen Gesellschaft die gleichsam letzte Chance sei, durch einen gemeinsamen christlich ökumenischen Religionsunterricht das christliche Profil im schulischen Bildungsgeschehen zu erhalten und damit zu verhindern, dass ein konfessioneller Religionsunterricht wie bisher schließlich ersatzlos von einem religionskundlich-ethischen Unterricht abgelöst werde, ist Anliegen und religionspädagogisches Vermächtnis des Artikels.
Glycolytic System in Axons Supplement Decreased ATP Levels after Axotomy of the Peripheral Nerve
Authors: Takenaka Tomofumi , Ohnishi Yuichiro , Yamamoto Masamichi , Setoyama Daiki , Kishima Haruhiko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWallerian degeneration (WD) occurs in the early stages of numerous neurologic disorders, and clarifying WD pathology is crucial for the advancement of neurologic therapies. ATP is acknowledged as one of the key pathologic substances in WD. The ATP-related pathologic pathways that regulate WD have been defined. The elevation of ATP levels in axon contributes to delay WD and protects axons. However, ATP is necessary for the active processes to proceed WD, given that WD is stringently managed by auto-destruction programs. But little is known about the bioenergetics during WD. In this study, we made sciatic nerve transection models forGO-ATeam2knock-in rats and mice. We presented the spatiotemporal ATP distribution in the injured axons within vivoATP imaging systems, and investigated the metabolic source of ATP in the distal nerve stump. A gradual decrease in ATP levels was observed before the progression of WD. In addition, the glycolytic system and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) were activated in Schwann cells following axotomy. Interestingly, in axons, we found the activation of glycolytic system and the inactivation of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Glycolytic inhibitors, 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) and MCT inhibitors, a-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (4-CIN) decreased ATP and enhanced WD progression, whereas mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) inhibitors (MSDC-0160) did not change. Finally, ethyl pyruvate (EP) increased ATP levels and delayed WD. Together, our findings suggest that glycolytic system, both in Schwann cells and axons, is the main source of maintaining ATP levels in the distal nerve stump.
Persistent Firing in Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Cells in Young and Aged Rats
Authors: Brahimi Yacine , Knauer Beate , Price Alan Tobias , Valero-Aracama Maria Jesus , Reboreda Antonio , Sauvage Magdalena , Yoshida Motoharu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPersistent neuronal firing is often observed in working memory and temporal association tasks both in humans and animals, and is believed to retain necessary information in these tasks. We have reported that hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells are able to support persistent firing through intrinsic mechanisms in the presence of cholinergic agonists. However, it still remains largely unknown how persistent firing is affected by the development of animals and aging. Usingin vitropatch-clamp recordings from CA1 pyramidal cells in rat brain slices, we first show that the cellular excitability of these aged rats was significantly lower than that of the young rats, responding with fewer spikes to current injection. In addition, we found age-dependent modulations of input resistance, membrane capacitance, and spike width. However, persistent firing in aged (approximately two-year-old) rats was as strong as that in young animals, and the properties of persistent firing were very similar among different age groups. In addition, medium spike afterhyperpolarization potential (mAHP), was not increased by aging and did not correlate with the strength of persistent firing. Lastly, we estimated the depolarization current induced by the cholinergic activation. This current was proportional to the increased membrane capacitance of the aged group and was inversely correlated with their intrinsic excitability. These observations indicate that robust persistent firing can be maintained in aged rats despite reduced excitability, because of the increased amount of cholinergically induced positive current.
Shared Neural Activity But Distinct Neural Dynamics for Cognitive Control in Monkey Prefrontal and Parietal Cortex
Authors: Blackman Rachael K. , Crowe David A. , DeNicola Adele L. , Sakellaridi Sofia , Westerberg Jacob A. , Huynh Anh M. , MacDonald Angus W. , Sponheim Scott R. , Chafee Matthew V. 
Published: March 2023

To better understand how prefrontal networks mediate forms of cognitive control disrupted in schizophrenia, we translated a variant of the AX continuous performance task that measures specific deficits in the human disease to 2 male monkeys and recorded neurons in PFC and parietal cortex during task performance. In the task, contextual information instructed by cue stimuli determines the response required to a subsequent probe stimulus. We found parietal neurons encoding the behavioral context instructed by cues that exhibited nearly identical activity to their prefrontal counterparts (Blackman et al., 2016). This neural population switched their preference for stimuli over the course of the trial depending on whether the stimuli signaled the need to engage cognitive control to override a prepotent response. Cues evoked visual responses that appeared in parietal neurons first, whereas population activity encoding contextual information instructed by cues was stronger and more persistent in PFC. Increasing cognitive control demand biased the representation of contextual information toward the PFC and augmented the temporal correlation of task-defined information encoded by neurons in the two areas. Oscillatory dynamics in local field potentials differed between cortical areas and carried as much information about task conditions as spike rates. We found that, at the single-neuron level, patterns of activity evoked by the task were nearly identical between the two cortical areas. Nonetheless, distinct population dynamics in PFC and parietal cortex were evident. suggesting differential contributions to cognitive control.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe recorded neural activity in PFC and parietal cortex of monkeys performing a task that measures cognitive control deficits in schizophrenia. This allowed us to characterize computations performed by neurons in the two areas to support forms of cognitive control disrupted in the disease. Subpopulations of neurons in the two areas exhibited parallel modulations in firing rate; and as a result, all patterns of task-evoked activity were distributed between PFC and parietal cortex. This included the presence in both cortical areas of neurons reflecting proactive and reactive cognitive control dissociated from stimuli or responses in the task. However, differences in the timing, strength, synchrony, and correlation of information encoded by neural activity were evident, indicating differential contributions to cognitive control.
Higher‐order modular regulation of the human proteome
Authors: Kustatscher Georg , Hödl Martina , Rullmann Edward , Grabowski Piotr , Fiagbedzi Emmanuel , Groth Anja , Rappsilber Juri 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOperons are transcriptional modules that allow bacteria to adapt to environmental changes by coordinately expressing the relevant set of genes. In humans, biological pathways and their regulation are more complex. If and how human cells coordinate the expression of entire biological processes is unclear. Here, we capture 31 higher‐order co‐regulation modules, which we term progulons, by help of supervised machine‐learning on proteomics data. Progulons consist of dozens to hundreds of proteins that together mediate core cellular functions. They are not restricted to physical interactions or co‐localisation. Progulon abundance changes are primarily controlled at the level of protein synthesis and degradation. Implemented as a web app atwww.proteomehd.net/progulonFinder, our approach enables the targeted search for progulons of specific cellular processes. We use it to identify a DNA replication progulon and reveal multiple new replication factors, validated by extensive phenotyping of siRNA‐induced knockdowns. Progulons provide a new entry point into the molecular understanding of biological processes.
A novel approach of multi-loop control based-ADRC for improving lower knee position exoskeleton system
Authors: Alawad Nasir Ahmed , Humaidi Amjad Jaleel , Alaraji Ahmed Sabah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study revealed the system of a lower limb exoskeleton created for knee rehabilitation. The exoskeleton has been extensively used in rehabilitation robotic device research, but its practical applicability is limited due to its high nonlinearity and uncertain behavior. As a result, the control technique is critical in increasing the efficacy of rehabilitation devices. For the rehabilitation and help of a patient with a lower-limb condition, a sliding mode control (SMC) with proportional derivative (PD) control approach are used as parallel loops. Active disturbances rejection control (ADRC) is used by these controllers to cancel any external influences. To overcome the degradation of disturbance rejection and robustness caused by a failure to fully adjust for the entire disturbance, a (SMC) loop was introduced to the control regulation. By assessing performance indices related to the estimated inaccuracy, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested controller. Simulink is used for simulation and analysis.
Treatment effects and adherence of sexually compulsive men in a randomized controlled trial of psychotherapy and medication
Authors: Scanavino Marco D. T. , Guirado Alia Garrudo , Marques João Miguel , Amaral Maria Luiza Sant'Ana do , Messina Bruna , Reis Sirlene Caramello dos , Barros Vivian Boschesi , Abdo Carmita Helena Najjar , Tavares Hermano , Parsons Jeffrey T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundLittle attention has been given to efficacious treatment and adherence to treatment of compulsive sexual behavior (CSB).AimsRandomized controlled trial investigated short-term psychodynamic group therapy followed by relapse prevention group (STPGP-RPGT) and pharmacological treatment (PT) for CSB men on sexual compulsivity and adherence.Method135 men, 38 (SD = 9) years old on average, were randomly assigned to 1) STPGP-RPGT; 2) PT; 3) Both. Participants completed measures at baseline, 25th, and 34th week. 57 (42.2%) participants dropped out between baseline and 25th week, and 68 (50.4%) between baseline and 34th week. 94 (69.6%) did not adhere (80% pills taken or attended 75% therapy sessions).ResultsA significant interaction effect was found between time and group (F (4, 128) = 2.62, P = 0.038, ES = 0.08), showing who received PT improved less in sexual compulsivity than those who received STPGP-RPGT (t = 2.41; P = 0.038; ES = 0.60) and PT + STPGP-RPGT (t = 3.15; P = 0.007, ES = 0.74). Adherent participants improved more in sexual compulsivity than non-adherent at the 25th week (t = 2.82; P = 0.006, ES = 0.65) and 34th week (t = 2.26; P = 0.027, ES = 0.55), but there was no interaction effect, F (2, 130) = 2.88; P = 0.06; ES = 0.04). The most reported behavior (masturbation) showed greater risk of non-adherence (72.6%).Discussion and conclusionsAdherent participants improved better than non-adherent. Participants who received psychotherapy improved better than those who received PT. Methodological limitations preclude conclusions on efficacy.
Laboratory tests on properties of innovative natural thermal insulation material
Authors: Bozsaky Dávid , Ábrahám-Horváth Rebeka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNowadays, there is an increasing demand on environmentally friendly materials, so the environmentally conscious architecture and the use of environmentally friendly materials have also become preferred. It is becoming increasingly important to turn from artificial materials to products made from renewable raw materials. The straw quilt, which is considered to be a new, innovative product on the Hungarian construction market, can provide an alternative for this need. The aim of this research was to investigate the material properties and possible uses of straw quilt thermal insulation. Laboratory tests were performed before the product was placed on the market. The results have shown that it has several advantageous properties that can make it competitive in the market of thermal insulation materials.