bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collecting Multi-type and Correlation-Constrained Streaming Sensor Data with Local Differential Privacy
Authors: Fu Yue , Ye Qingqing , Du Rong , Hu Haibo 
Published: September 2023

Local differential privacy (LDP) is a promising privacy model for distributed data collection. It has been widely deployed in real-world systems (e.g. Chrome, iOS, macOS). In LDP-based mechanisms, an aggregator collects private values perturbed by each user and then analyses these values to estimate their statistics, such as frequency and mean. Most existing works focus on simple scalar value types, such as boolean and categorical values. However, with the emergence of smart sensors and Internet of Things, high-dimensional data are gaining increasing popularity. In many cases where more than one type of sensor data are collected simultaneously, correlations exist between various attributes of such data, e.g. temperature and luminance. To ensure LDP for high-dimensional data, existing solutions either partition the privacy budget ϵ among these correlated attributes or adopt sampling, both of which dilute the density of useful information and thus result in poor data utility.
In this paper, we propose a relaxed LDP model, namely, univariate dominance local differential privacy (UDLDP), for high-dimensional data. We quantify the correlations between attributes and present a correlation-bounded perturbation (CBP) mechanism that optimizes the partitioning of privacy budget on each correlated attribute. Furthermore, we extend CBP to support sampling, which is a common bandwidth reduction technique in sensor networks and Internet of Things. We derive the best allocation strategy of sampling probabilities among attributes in terms of data utility, which leads to the correlation-bounded perturbation mechanism with sampling (CBPS). Finally, we discuss how to collect and leverage the correlation from real-time data stream with a by-round algorithm to enhance the utility. The performance of the proposed mechanisms is evaluated and compared with state-of-the-art LDP mechanisms on real-world and synthetic datasets.
Targeting NANOG and FAK via Cx26-derived Cell-penetrating Peptides in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Mulkearns-Hubert Erin E. , Esakov Rhoades Emily , Ben-Salem Salma , Bharti Rashmi , Hajdari Nicole , Johnson Sadie , Myers Alex , Smith Iris Nira , Bandyopadhyay Smarajit , Eng Charis , Downs Erinn , Lathia Justin D. , Reizes Ofer 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most lethal and treatment-resistant breast cancer subtype with limited treatment options. We previously identified a protein complex unique to TNBC composed of the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26), the pluripotency transcription factor NANOG, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). We sought to determine whether a peptide mimetic of the interaction region of Cx26 attenuated tumor growth in preclinical models. We designed peptides based on Cx26 juxtamembrane domains and performed binding experiments with NANOG and FAK using surface plasmon resonance. Binding studies revealed that the Cx26 C-terminal tail and intracellular loop bound to NANOG and FAK with submicromolar-to-micromolar affinity and that a 5-amino acid sequence in the C-terminal tail of Cx26 (RYCSG) was sufficient for binding. Peptides with high affinity were engineered with a cell-penetrating antennapedia sequence and assessed in functional assays including cell proliferation, tumorsphere formation, and in vivo tumor growth, and downstream signaling changes were measured. The cell-penetrating Cx26 peptide (aCx26-pep) disrupted self-renewal while reducing nuclear FAK and NANOG and inhibiting NANOG target gene expression in TNBC cells but not luminal mammary epithelial cells. In vivo, aCx26-pep reduced tumor growth and proliferation and induced cell death. Here, we provide proof-of-concept that a Cx26 peptide–based strategy inhibits growth and alters NANOG activity specifically in TNBC, indicating the therapeutic potential of this targeting approach.
Let the Guard Down: cAMP Activators Can Improve Immunotherapy in GBM
Authors: Lee Juyeun , Kay Kristen E. , Vogelbaum Michael A. , Lathia Justin D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEnhancing T-cell infiltration into glioblastoma (GBM) tumors has proven challenging yet remains crucial for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy for patients with this deadly cancer. In this issue, Qin, Huang, Li, and colleagues find that inhibiting vasculature formation driven by cancer stem cells is a promising target to enhance immunotherapy in GBM.See related article by Qin, Huang, Li, et al., p. 1351 (2).
Obesity-Related Biomarkers Are Associated With Exercise Intolerance and HFpEF
Authors: Ramirez Mariana F. , Lau Emily S. , Parekh Juhi K. , Pan Abigail S. , Owunna Ndidi , Wang Dongyu , McNeill Jenna N. , Malhotra Rajeev , Nayor Matthew , Lewis Gregory D. , Ho Jennifer E. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Obesity and adiposity are associated with an increased risk of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF); yet, specific underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We sought to examine the association of obesity-related biomarkers including adipokines (leptin, resistin, adiponectin), inflammatory markers (CRP [C-reactive protein], IL-6 [interleukin-6]), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) with HFpEF status, exercise capacity, and cardiovascular outcomes.

METHODS:
We studied 509 consecutive patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% and chronic dyspnea, who underwent clinically indicated cardiopulmonary exercise test with invasive hemodynamic monitoring between 2006 and 2017. We defined HFpEF based on the presence of elevated left ventricular filling pressures at rest or during exercise. Fasting blood samples collected at the time of the cardiopulmonary exercise test were used to assay obesity-related biomarkers. We examined the association of log-transformed biomarkers with HFpEF status and exercise traits using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models.

RESULTS:

We observed associations of obesity-related biomarkers with measures of impaired exercise capacity including peak VO
2
(
P
≤0.002 for all biomarkers). The largest effect size was seen with leptin, where a 1-SD higher leptin was associated with a 2.35 mL/kg per min lower peak VO
2
(β, −2.35±0.19;
P
<0.001). In addition, specific biomarkers were associated with distinct measures of exercise reserve including blood pressure (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, leptin, adiponectin;
P
≤0.002 for all), and chronotropic response (CRP, IL-6, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, leptin, and resistin;
P
<0.05 for all). Our findings suggest that among the obesity-related biomarkers studied, higher levels of leptin and CRP are independently associated with increased odds of HFpEF, with odds ratios of 1.36 (95% CI, 1.09–1.70) and 1.25 (95% CI, 1.03–1.52), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Specific obesity-related pathways including inflammation, adipokine signaling, and insulin resistance may underlie the association of obesity with HFpEF and exercise intolerance.
Sex‐Specific Associations of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Risk With Patient Characteristics and Functional Outcomes After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Evidence From the VIRGO Study
Authors: Gupta Aakriti , Barthel Andrea B. , Mahajan Shiwani , Dreyer Rachel P. , Yaggi Henry , Bueno Héctor , Lichtman Judith H. , Krumholz Harlan M. 
Published: September 2023

Background
Though associations between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular outcomes are well described, limited data exist regarding the impact of OSA on sex‐specific outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods and Results
The VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients) study enrolled 3572 adults aged 18 to 55 years with AMI from the United States and Spain during 2008 to 2012. We included patients for whom the Berlin Questionnaire for OSA was scored at the time of AMI admission (3141; 2105 women, 1036 men). We examined the sex‐specific association between baseline OSA risk with functional outcomes including health status and depressive symptoms at 1 and 12 months after AMI. Among both groups, 49% of patients were at high risk for OSA (1040 women; 509 men), but only 4.7% (148) of patients had a diagnosed history of OSA. Though patients with a high OSA risk reported worse physical and mental health status and depression than low‐risk patients in both sexes, the difference in these functional outcomes was wider in women than men. Moreover, women with a high OSA risk had worse health status, depression, and quality of life than high‐risk men, both at baseline and at 1 and 12 months after AMI.

Conclusions
Young women with a high OSA risk have poorer health status and more depressive symptoms than men at the time of AMI, which may place them at higher risk of poorer health outcomes over the year following the AMI. Further, the majority of patients at high risk of OSA are undiagnosed at the time of presentation of AMI.
Nationwide Trends in Reperfusion Therapy and Outcomes of Acute Ischemic Stroke According to Severity: The Japan Stroke Data Bank
Authors: Koge Junpei , Yoshimura Sohei , Koga Masatoshi , Nakai Michikazu , Wada Shinichi , Sasahara Yusuke , Shiozawa Masayuki , Miwa Kaori , Ishigami Akiko , Sonoda Kazutaka , Iihara Koji , Ikawa Fusao , Itabashi Ryo , Iwanaga Yoshitaka , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Kobayashi Shotai , Minematsu Kazuo , Toyoda Kazunori ,   the Japan Stroke Data Bank Investigators
Published: September 2023

Background
It is unclear whether all patient subgroups with acute ischemic stroke have benefited from advances in reperfusion therapy. We investigated long‐term trends of reperfusion therapy and outcomes according to the stroke severity.

Methods
Patients with acute ischemic stroke registered in the prospective nationwide hospital‐based registry between 2000 and 2020 were examined. Baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥10 and ≤5 was considered to indicate possible large vessel occlusions and minor deficits, respectively. Secular changes were assessed per 5‐year cohorts (2000–2005, 2006–2010, 2011–2015, 2016–2020). Outcomes included favorable outcome (modified Rankin scale score 0–2 at discharge).

Results
Of 127 741 patients, NIHSS score was ≥10 in 31 747 patients (24.9%), 6–9 in 17 083 patients (13.4%), and ≤5 in 78 911 patients (61.8%). In patients with NIHSS score ≥10, intravenous thrombolysis frequency increased from 1.6% to 26.5% between the 2000 to 2005 and 2016 to 2020 cohorts; endovascular therapy frequency increased from 2.0% to 29.8%. Favorable outcomes increased over time (adjusted odds ratio per 1‐cohort, 1.254 [95% CI, 1.204–1.306]). In patients with NIHSS score 6–9, intravenous thrombolysis frequency increased from 0.5% to 16.4%, and endovascular therapy frequency increased from 1.1% to 9.0%. Favorable outcomes did not change over time (1.005 [0.966–1.046]). In patients with NIHSS score ≤5, intravenous thrombolysis frequency increased from 0.2% to 5.1%, and endovascular therapy frequency increased from 0.7% to 2.8%. Favorable outcomes decreased over time (0.954 [0.931–0.978]).

Conclusions
Use of reperfusion therapy has increased, particularly in patients with NIHSS score ≥10. Favorable outcomes significantly increased over time in patients with NIHSS score ≥10 but decreased in those with NIHSS score ≤5.
COVID-19 public health lessons in science class boost knowledge and efficacy beliefs
Authors: Boedeker Peter , Newell Alana , Moreno Nancy 
Published: September 2023

Background: Integrating public health into science courses helps students grasp the links between health recommendations and scientific principles. During COVID-19, a team of 19 educators, scientists and clinicians designed 25 science inquiry lessons to enhance disease knowledge and prevention strategies among school-aged children. The efficacy of two lessons was evaluated. Design: Pre-/post-evaluation; both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Setting: Teachers (24 elementary and 26 high school) and their students (562 elementary, 8–9 years old; 1,271 high school, 14–15 years old) participated from schools in Houston, TX, USA. Method: Lessons were delivered in Spring 2021. Teachers completed evaluation surveys using Likert-type and open-ended items. Students completed pre- and post-assessments of COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes towards science and confidence in their knowledge of COVID-19 and vaccine science. Results: Over 80% of teachers agreed that they would use the lessons again and felt more confident in their abilities to teach about COVID-19 after using the lessons. Teachers reported students’ heightened interest in health professions and discussing the presented topics. High school students gained basic recall knowledge, but there was little change on items related to in-depth science concepts or attitudes. Elementary students demonstrated gains on items related to the scientific rationale underlying public health recommendations and confidence in their abilities to protect themselves from COVID-19. Conclusion: The integration of health information into science teaching helps learners understand the science behind public health recommendations and increases teachers’ preparedness and comfort levels with these topics. Even short-term supplementary lessons can have a positive impact on knowledge and attitudes. Effects were particularly positive with elementary students, who should be included in future public health education efforts. Partnerships between schools and health organisations are vital for the rapid development and integration of lessons that are accurate and informative. The lessons evaluated in this paper are freely available online.
Clinical Observation and Analysis of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Carcinoma: A Report of 5 Cases
Authors: Lei Lei , Chen Min , Pang Zongguo , Zou Jian , Ma Lin , Song NingYing , Liu Jifeng 
Published: September 2023

Thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma (TGDCCa) is a rare condition with only approximately 300 cases reported to date. There is a lack of comprehensive reporting on its clinical manifestations, ultrasound, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, immunophenotyping, procedure, and prognosis following modified Sistrunk’s procedure. This study aimed to address these gaps by analyzing and summarizing the clinical features of 5 cases of papillary carcinoma arising in thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDC). Five patients with papillary carcinoma in TGDC treated by modified Sistrunk’s procedure were included. Their clinical manifestation, physical examination findings, iconography, pathological findings, treatment, and outcomes were analyzed in aiding the diagnosis and treatment of TGDCCa. Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm the papillary carcinoma subtype. The BRAFV600E mutation was detected in 2 patients. No evidence of cancer recurrence, distant metastases, and malignant changes in the thyroid was found after a mean follow-up of 29.8 months. The management of TGDCCa with papillary carcinoma in low-risk patients can be accomplished by performing a modified Sistrunk’s procedure along with a regular follow-up imaging of the thyroid and neck. Although postoperative pathological diagnosis is the gold standard for diagnosis, it is equally crucial to comprehend the clinical manifestations and auxiliary diagnostic techniques before surgical intervention.
Anemia in female adolescents at Karanganyar regency: A cross-sectional study associated with polymorphism of duodenal cytochrome B gene and daily consumptions of fruits and vegetables
Authors: Ilmiyati Liyana , Indarto Dono , Wasita Brian 
Published: September 2023

Background The prevalence of anemia in female adolescents increases every year. A duodenal Cytochrome B ( CYBRD1) enzyme is involved in the regulation of iron metabolism. G797A gene polymorphism of the CYBRD1 reduces nonheme iron transport into the enterocytes, which was mediated by the divalent metal transporter 1 protein. Daily consumption of fruits and vegetables has been recommended for the prevention of non- communicable diseases, including anemia. Aim This study aimed to analyze the association of CYBRD1 polymorphism and daily consumption of fruits and vegetables with anemia in female adolescents in the Karanganyar regency. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited 233 female students in 6 senior and vocational high schools in Karanganyar regency, which were selected using purposive sampling. Data on fruit and vegetable consumption were collected using Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Polymorphism of the G797A CYBRD1 gene was determined using the amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction. All collected data were analyzed using chi-square and multiple logistic regression tests with p < 0.05. Results Anemia was found in 13.73% of female students. Inadequate intakes of fruits and vegetables were found in 63.09 and 51.07% of female students, respectively. The AA genotype (OR =  5.779; 95%CI: 0.974–34.289; p = 0.053), inadequate fruit consumption (OR = 1.497; 95%CI: 0.603–3.718; p = 0.133), and inadequate vegetable consumption (OR =  11.99; 95%CI: 3.457–41.586; p < 0.001) increased higher risk of anemia, compared with their counterparts. Conclusions G797A CYBRD1 gene polymorphism and daily consumption of vegetables increase the risk of anemia but not for daily consumption of fruits in female adolescents in the Karanganyar regency.
Prevalence of burnout among perfusionists in China: A nationwide survey
Authors: Hao Xing , Hu Yao , Shao Chengcheng , Wang Xiaomeng , Li Chenglong , Wang Hong , Hei Feilong , Li Xin , Liu Bin , Zhang Xiaohua , Jin Zhenxiao , Wang Wei , Liu Yan , Wu Ting , Yang Feng 
Published: September 2023

Background Burnout has gained increasing attention worldwide as a phenomenon that affects health care professionals. However, there is a lack of relevant research about its impact on practitioners in the field of cardiovascular perfusion in China. This study investigated the prevalence of and the factors associated with the burnout affecting perfusionists in mainland China. Methods This national cross-sectional study included perfusionists from 31 provinces in mainland China. Participants were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire, which included three parts: (1) demographic information, (2) work-related information, and (3) dissatisfaction with work and sources of pressure. The levels of burnout were calculated, and logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with burnout. Results The questionnaire, created by the survey program “Questionnaire Star”, was sent to 2211 perfusionists in mainland China. A final sample of 1813 perfusionists participated in the survey, with a participation rate of 82.0% (1813/2211). The prevalence of burnout and severe burnout was 86.0% (1559/1813, 95%CI: 84.3%-87.5%) and 13.3% (241/1813, 95%CI: 11.8%-15.0%), respectively. The logistic regression analysis revealed that age [20-29 years, odds ratio (OR) = 1; 30-39 years, OR = 2.009; 40-49 years, OR = 2.220], educational background (bachelor and below, OR = 1; postgraduate, OR = 1.472), and professional background (others, OR = 1; surgery, OR = 1.283; anesthesiology, OR = 2.004) were associated with burnout. We also found that age (20-29 years, OR = 1; 30-39 years, OR = 1.928), professional background (others, OR = 1; surgery, OR = 1.734; anesthesiology, OR = 2.257), annual cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) case load in the most recent 3 years (< 50, OR = 1; 50-100, OR = 1.613; 100-300, OR = 1.702; ≥300, OR = 2.637), and income level [< 5000 (RMB/month), OR = 1; 5000-10,000, OR = 0.587; 10,000-20,000, OR = 0.366] were associated with severe burnout among perfusionists. Conclusions Cardiovascular perfusionists in mainland China experience high rates of burnout. Age, the professional background, annual CPB caseload in the most recent 3 years, and income level are independently associated with the burnout rates experienced by these health care professionals.
Implications of pediatric extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation simulation for intensive care team confidence and coordination: A pilot study
Authors: Akinpelu Toluwani , Shah Nikhil R. , Weaver Karen , Muller Nicole , McElroy James , Bhalala Utpal S 
Published: September 2023

Introduction Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is associated with improved outcomes in select populations, however, crisis resource management (CRM) in this setting is logistically challenging. This study evaluates the impact of ECPR simulation on self-perceived confidence and collaboration of intensive care unit team members. Methods This is a prospective observational study analyzing data obtained between July 2018–December 2019. This study focused on non-surgical members of critical care team consisting of pediatric intensivists, resident physicians, registered nurses, respiratory therapists. Participants were expected to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during the ECPR event, participate in code-team responsibilities and provide ancillary support during cannulation. Pre- and post-simulation surveys employed the Likert scale (1 = not at all confident, 5 = highly confident) to assess self-perceived scores in specified clinical competencies. Results Twenty-nine providers participated in the simulation; 38% had prior ECPR experience. Compared to mean pre-study Likert scores (2.4, 2.4, 2.5), post-simulation scores increased (4.2, 4.4, 4.3) when self-evaluating: confidence in assessing patients needing ECPR, confidence in participating in ECPR workflow and confidence in performing high-quality CPR, respectively. Post-simulation values of >3 were reported by 100% of participants in all domains ( p < .0001). All participants indicated the clinical scenario and procedural environment to be realistic and appropriately reflective of situational stress. Additionally, 100% of participants reported the simulation to improve perceived team communication and teamwork skills. Conclusion This study demonstrated preliminary feasibility of pediatric ECPR simulation in enhancing independent provider confidence and team communication. This self-perceived improvement may establish a foundation for cohesive CRM, in preparation for a real life ECPR encounter.
Evaluation of late gadolinium enhancement cardiac MRI using deep learning reconstruction
Authors: Yang Jing , Wang Feng , Wang Zhirong , Zhang Wei , Xie Lizhi , Wang LiXin 
Published: September 2023

Background Deep learning (DL)-based methods have been used to improve the imaging quality of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by denoising. Purpose To assess the effects of DL-based MR reconstruction (DLR) method on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) image quality. Material and Methods A total of 85 patients who underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) examination, including LGE imaging using conventional construction and DLR with varying levels of noise reduction (NR) levels, were included. Both magnitude LGE (MLGE) and phase-sensitive LGE (PSLGE) images were reviewed independently by double-blinded observers who used a 5-point Likert scale for multiple measures regarding image quality. Meanwhile, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and edge sharpness of images were calculated and compared between conventional LGE imaging and DLR LGE imaging. Results Both MLGE and PSLGE with DLR at 50% and 75% noise reduction levels received significantly higher scores than conventional imaging for overall imaging quality (all P < 0.01). In addition, the SNR, CNR, and edge sharpness of all DLR LGE imaging are higher than conventional imaging (all P < 0.01). The highest subjective score and best image quality is obtained when the DLR noise reduction level is at 75%. Conclusion DLR reduced image noise while improving image contrast and sharpness in the cardiovascular LGE imaging.