bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of different machine learning classification models for predicting deep vein thrombosis in lower extremity fractures
Authors: Wei Conghui , Wang Jialiang , Yu Pengfei , Li Ang , Xiong Ziying , Yuan Zhen , Yu Lingling , Luo Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication in patients with lower extremity fractures. Once it occurs, it will seriously affect the quality of life and postoperative recovery of patients. Therefore, early prediction and prevention of DVT can effectively improve the prognosis of patients. Based on the predictive factors of DVT in patients with lower limb fractures, this study constructed a DVT prediction model with the help of different machine learning classification models to explore the effectiveness of different models in predicting DVT. The researchers conducted a retrospective analysis of DVT-related factors in patients with lower limb fractures from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from July 2017 to July 2023, and then calculated the incidence of DVT. Five prediction models were applied to the experiment, including Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model, Logistic Regression (LR) model, RandomForest (RF) model, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model and Support Vector Machine(SVM) model. Afterwards, the performance of the obtained prediction models were evaluated by area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and F1 score. A total of 4,424 patients were included in this study, of which 207 patients had DVT. Theincidence rate of DVT was 4.68%. The prediction performance of the model based on machine learning: XGBoost model (AUC=0.730, accuracy=0.951), LR model (AUC =0.740, accuracy=0.712), RF model (AUC=0.703, accuracy=0.952), MLP model (AUC=0.571, accuracy=0.704), SVM model (AUC=0.488, accuracy=0.826). Although the LR model has the largest AUC, its accuracy is not as good as that of the XGBoost model. By comparing the AUC and accuracy, the XGBoost model performed the best. The DVT prediction model constructed by the XGB has high reproducibility, universality and feasibility. However, the model still needs external verification research before clinical application.
Targeting Bone Marrow Lipid Metabolism with Adiponectin Receptor Agonist for Diabetic and Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
Authors: Park Cheol Whee , LIM JI HEE , Kim Yaeni , Kim Min Young , Kim Eun Nim , Kim Tae Woo , Hong Yu Ah , Choi Bum Soon , Chung Sungjin , Lee Jeong-Hwa , Kim Hye Won , Park Ji Yong , Kim Jaemin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Osteoporosis is a malady of multiple cell types associated with the bone marrow (BM) fat accumulation. This study focused on understanding the role of adiponectin in osteoblast and osteoclast lipid metabolism in diabetic and ovariectomized mice with osteoporosis and exploring the effects of the adiponectin receptor (AdipoR) agonist, AdipoRon. AdopoRon prevented systemic bone resorption and oxidative stress, and excessive lipid accumulation in BM. AdipoRon activated AMPK and PPARɑ through AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, leading to a reduction in lipotoxicity-induced osteocyte apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation with M1 polarization. All these changes increased osteogenic RUNX2/OPG/FOXO1 expression, decreased osteolytic RANKL/PPARγ expression, and preserved bony phenotypes and growth plate thicknesses in the lumbar vertebrae and femur. AdipoR1/R2 knockout in pre-osteoblasts and osteoclasts in high-glucose and palmitate media confirmed the positive action of AdipoRon on bone formation, which was achieved by activating AMPK and PPARɑ to the same degree through both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. These activations were closely associated with the amelioration of osteocyte apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy induced by high-glucose and palmitate, which were controlled by regulating lipid metabolism. We revealed that AdipoRon may safeguard lipotoxicity in BM in diabetic and ovariectomized osteoporosis by modulating lipid metabolism in osteoclasts and osteoblasts.
Numerical simulation of two-dimensional cyclic water injection in rock fractures
Authors: Bai Zhenchao , Li Dong , Zhou Yue , Wang Feng , Li Weipeng , Ye Jiexian , Cao Xiong , Dang Wengang , Bai ZC. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Understanding the shear-seepage behaviors in rock fractures is crucial in excavation of tunnels through fractured surrounding rocks and mining explorations, however, the cyclic injection mechanism of fractures is not yet fully understood. This study utilized the COMSOL Multiphysics software to simulate the cyclic water injection in rock fractures with various injection amplitudes and frequencies. We documented that when subjected to cyclic water injection, the fluid flow in the rock fractures exhibited periodic fluctuations. As water injection amplitude increases, the flow pattern within the low-flow region become more turbulent, creating significant disturbances to the overall flow pattern. Additionally, the permeability of rock fractures varies periodically with the inlet flow rate, resulting in a permeability-flow rate relationship that forms an elliptical closed curve over time. Moreover, the amplitude of fluctuation in permeability increases as the water injection frequency and amplitude increase, illustrating that water injection within a specific range could enhance permeability in rock fractures. Furthermore, we proposed an approach to identify and quantify the primary channel and eddy flow areas.
Cytomegalovirus-specific T cell immunity reconstitution following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a pilot stduy
Authors: Wang Luxiang , Li Su , Huang Jiayu , Zhang Zilu , Pan Zengkai , Jiang Chuanhe , Zhang Sujiang , Cai Xiaohong , Cai Gang , Hu Xiaoxia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Reactivation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) leads to significant morbidity and mortality following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The reconstitution of CMV-specific T cells plays a crucial role in the antiviral response after allo-HSCT. However, the impact of CMV reactivation on the recovery of CMV-specific T cells in the early stages after allo-HSCT, particularly haploidentical HSCT, remains undisclosed.
Methods
We retrospectively examined CMV-specific T-cell recovery in 78 allo-HSCT recipients to assess the influence of clinically significant CMV infection (CS-CMVi) on CMV-specific T-cell restoration.
Results
Patients in CS-CMVi group displayed higher absolute quantities of CMV-specific IFN-γ+ T cells on day 30 (CD4+ T cells: 1.40 vs. 0.07 cells/µL, p = 0.02; CD8+ T cells: 1.64 vs. 0.15 cells/µL, p = 0.11), but lower counts on day 180 (CD4+ T cells: 1.06 vs. 5.95 cells/µL, p < 0.01; CD8+ T cells: 3.70 vs. 55.36 cells/µL, p = 0.04). Among patients receiving letermovir prophylaxis (LTV group), the recovery of CMV-specific CD8+ T cells was significantly delayed compared to those receiving preemptive therapy (PET group) from day 60. The LTV group was more likely to experience late-onset CMV reactivation if their absolute counts of polyfunctional CMV-specific CD4+ T cells or CD8+ T cells was below 2.01 (AUC = 0.78, p = 0.003) or 0.90 cells/µL (AUC = 0.89, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
In conclusion, our pilot study provides direct evidence that early episodes of CS-CMVi impair the recovery of CMV-specific T cells after allo-HSCT. Additionally, insufficient polyfunctional restoration would lead to late-onset CMV reactivation in LTV group.
SIRT1 Downregulation Contributes to Surgery-Induced Cognitive Impairment Through Autophagy-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in the Hippocampi of Aged Mice
Authors: jin shaowu , Wang Xinlin , Wang Jiao , jin Qiqi , Cai Weicha , Cai Jiajing , Lin Qicheng , Pan Chi , Mao Xinyu , Nivar John , Tao Yuanxiang , Cao Hong , Li Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is characteristic of cognitive dysfunction in older people following anesthesia and surgery. There has remained a lack of clinical measures for effective prevention and treatment. Recent studies have shown that Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), autophagy, and the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes are closely associated with the development of neurodegeneration. However, the relationship among SIRT1, autophagy, and NLRP3 inflammasome in microglial activation during POCD development remains largely unclear. In this study, eighteen-month-old C57BL/6 mice underwent splenectomy for POCD model construction under sevoflurane anesthesia. Some mice received the SIRT1-specific agonist SRT1720, others received SRT1720 and the autophagy blocker 3-MA or vehicle intraperitoneal injection only. Behavioral studies were performed on the first, third, and seventh after surgery using the Morris water maze, respectively. Quantitative RT-PCR, Western blots, and ELISAs were used to assess the expression of target genes at the transcriptional and translational levels. Our data indicate that surgery-induced cognitive impairments were associated with significant increases in Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), TNF-α, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC), cleaved caspase-1. Enhancement of SIRT1 expression can upregulate the level of autophagy to inhibit the activation of inflammasomes and thus improve postoperative cognition in aged mice.
Group A Streptococcal Meningitis in Children: A Short Case Series in China and Systematic Review
Authors: Dou Zhenzhen , Hu Hui-Li , Guo Xin , Hu Bing , Chen Tian-ming , Chen He-ying , Guo Ling-yun , Liu Gang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose: Group A streptococcal (GAS) meningitis is an uncommon presentation of invasive GAS (iGAS) infection, there are limited large case series studies about GAS meningitis. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical/laboratory characteristic and outcomes of GAS meningitis in children.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed children with GAS meningitis who were hospitalized in Beijing Children’s Hospital, and performed a systematic review about GAS meningitis in children.
Results: We reported 5 new GAS meningitis cases, we also found a total of 57 articles during the process of literature review; a total of 235 cases were reviewed in this study, including 67 cases from case reports, 163 cases from case series studies and 5 cases we reported in this study. Children younger than 1 year old had peak incidence(37.5%). Parameningeal infections and soft tissues infection were the most common extracranial infection among cases ≥3 years old and cases< 1 year old separately. The overall case fatality rate was high both in case reports (14.1%) and case series studies (ranged from 0% to 42.9%), all of deaths were primary infection cases, the majority of them younger than 1 year old and died of shock; 16 of 33 survivors with follow-up information had neurological sequela.
Conclusions: Death and neurological sequela were common for children with GAS meningitis; cases <1 year old, primary infection cases and complicated with shock might had higher risk of death, we should give more aggressive treatments to them.
Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on Prognosis of Infrapopliteal Arterial Disease in Patients Post-EVT: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Huo SiYan , Cheng Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation and lower limb arterial disease present comparable risks and have a mutually exacerbating effect. However, the prognostic influence of atrial fibrillation on lower limb arterial lesions, particularly those susceptible to embolism and infrapopliteal lesions, remains uncertain.
METHODS
In this single-center retrospective study conducted from January 2014 to December 2021, patients who underwent endovascular therapy (EVT) for infrapopliteal arterial lesions were classified based on the presence of atrial fibrillation and followed up for at least a year. For the comparative analysis of outcome events, We calculated person-years incidence rates, derived HR values, determined 95% CI via Poisson regression, and tested significance with Cox regression. The primary endpoint involved limb-related adverse events, while secondary outcomes incorporated cardio-cerebrovascular events and all-cause death.
Results
This study involved 176 patients (59 women, 117 men; median age 76, IQR 68–81; range 52–93 years), including 84 with atrial fibrillation (AF) and 92 without. The AF group had higher incidence of limb-related events (70.2% vs 59.8%, P = 0.027), combined limb and cardio-cerebral vascular outcomes (76.2% vs 65.2%, P = 0.001), and cardio-cerebral vascular events alone (31.0% vs 15.2%, P = 0.001). AF was independently associated with adverse limb (Adjusted HR 1.729, 95% CI 1.155–2.588) and cardio-cerebral vascular outcomes (Adjusted HR 2.338, 95% CI 1.202–4.550) in infrapopliteal arterial lesion patients.
Conclusion
Atrial fibrillation independently predicts both cardio-cerebral vascular and limb adverse outcomes post-EVT in patients with infrapopliteal arterial occlusions. For these patients, monitoring should extend beyond cardio-cerebral vasculature to include limb blood supply and vascular conditions.
Do Accrual-based Financial Statements Improve Local Public Sector Efficiency? Evidence from Japan
Authors: KONDOH HARUO , OGAWA AKINOBU 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
After international organizations such as the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) advocated for national governments to adopt accrual accounting, in line with the precepts of New Public Management (NPM), more countries switched from traditional cash-based accounting to accrual accounting methods. NPM aims to enhance budget transparency, efficiency, and accountability of decision-making using business-like management tools such as double-entry bookkeeping. This study examines the impact of the local public accounting reforms on the efficiency of Japanese local governments using a stochastic frontier approach and panel data. Our results indicate that preparing accrual-based financial statements may increase local government efficiency.
Analyzing of Rock Physics Models for 3D and 4D Seismic Feasibility Study in the Carbonate Reservoirs and Developing an Hybrid Algorithm
Authors: Jalini Saghi , Falahat Reza 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Rock physics models provide a quantitative relationship between reservoir parameters and seismic response. Most rock physics models were developed for specific reservoirs/conditions that only cover the variation of some of the reservoir parameters. Therefore, hybrid models have been formed to overcome at the limitations of individual models. However, the hybrid models still contain some of the original limitations that prevent the direct application of these models on the 3D and 4D seismic feasibility studies. This study employs five of the most well-known rock physics models to analyze their advantages and limitations. Then, an integrated model (Improved Shiri-Falahat (ISF)) is developed to cover the main parameters of a 4D seismic interpretation, including pressure and fluid saturation variation, mineralogy, porosity, and pore type. A set of sensitivity analyses are performed on the six models. The results identify the ISF method as the most sensitive model to variation of major reservoir static and dynamic properties. Furthermore, the six models are used to estimate compressional and shear velocity logs in an oil field. The results are compared with the measured sonic logs, where the ISF method provides the least RMS error, 8.11% for compressional and 7.26% for shear velocities, respectively.
Adenosine monophosphate, one metabolite from lower respiratory tract, promotes the progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in pediatric with congenital heart disease
Authors: Ma Runwei , Zhang Xiaoyu , Cheng Liming , Li Xiang , Mu Chunjie , Gui Wenting , Deng Yao , Zhao Minzhang , Ren Haobo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background The PI3K/AKT pathway is a crucial signaling pathway linked to cell growth and death in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In this study, we profiled the metabolic changes associated with PAH and investigated the role of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in regulating PI3K/AKT signaling during PAH progression.
Methods The metabolites in the lung tissue lavage fluids from PAH patients and healthy controls were subjected to metabolite profiling. Human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) were subjected to AMP treatment, and the cell phenotype changes were assessed by CCK-8 proliferation assay, migration assay and in vitro tube formation assay. The impacts of AMP on PI3K/AKT pathway and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HPAECs were examined by Western blot. A rat model of PAH was established to evaluate the roles of AMP and PI3K/AKT signaling in PAH progression.
Results We identified AMP as an upregulated metabolite in the lung tissue lavage fluids of PAH patients. AMP treatment inhibited the cell growth and angiogenic potential of HPAECs, while the AMP enhanced the EMT and migration in HPAECs. AMP treatment increased the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR in HPAECs. PI3K knockdown could reverse the effects of AMP on HPAECs. In the rat model of PAH, AMP administration aggravated the fibrosis of pulmonary artery by augmenting PI3K/AKT signaling, which could be alleviated by PI3K inhibitor.
Conclusion Our study showed that AMP promotes PAH progression by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and inducing EMT in pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Targeting AMP/PI3K/AKT signaling could be employed as strategy to alleviate PAH.
Stable oxygen isotopes in modern ostracods from the Caspian Sea
Authors: Tkach A. A. , Tkach N. T. , Zenina M. A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper is the first one to investigate the stable oxygen isotope values of modern ostracods sampled across the whole area of the Caspian Sea. Six taxa were analyzed for δ18Oost. The correlation between δ18Oost and some parameters of the aquatic environment, such as water temperature, salinity and δ18Owater, was examined, providing the basis for reliable paleoenvironmental reconstructions in the future using oxygen isotope data. The results of 105 δ18Oost measurements taken from 76 sites are consistent with the temporal and spatial indicators of the bottom water masses, as impacted by regional hydrography and physical processes. It has been proven that the δ18O of Caspian ostracods is mainly determined by a species-specific isotopic offset with an average value of + 1‰. The corresponding inference allows to successfully identify the properties of the water mass, where the carapace has been formed, and also enables to recognize the climatical signal in the δ18O records. The vital offset for the mixed ostracod samples was found to be equivalent to the average species-specific isotopic offset calculated on the mean annual and winter temperatures of the Caspian Sea water; it equals to + 1 (± 0.5) ‰. The regression analysis showed correlations to temperature and salinity parameters that may also facilitate the prediction of water-mass characteristics when being applied to core sediment records. The predicted temperatures correspond to actual measured temperatures at the site of collection, and the oxygen isotope composition of the studied species can be a reliable indicator of water temperatures corresponding to the period of shell calcification. However, in the context of the Caspian Sea environmental changes during the Quaternary period, such attempts of calculating paleotemperatures may lead to false results, since the paleotemperature equation and its variations are only applicable to a water body in its steady state.
Carbon Cycle Perturbations and Environmental Change of the Middle Permian and Late Triassic paleo-Antarctic Circle
Authors: Lestari Wahyuningrum , Suwaidi Aisha Al , Fox Calum , Vajda Vivi , Hennhoefer Dominik 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

During the Middle Permian through the Triassic, Tasmania moved from paleo-latitudes of 78° to 69°S, wedged between Antarctica and Australia, within the paleo-South polar circle. During this time, significant global carbon cycle disturbances triggered major environmental and climatic change and mass extinction events globally. The Bicheno-5 core from Eastern Tasmania, Australia, provides the opportunity to examine Mid-Permian and Upper Triassic sediments from the paleo-Antarctic, using high-resolution organic carbon isotope (δ13CTOC) chemostratigraphy, pXRF, and sedimentology, combined with new palynological data integrated with the existing radiometric age model. While there is a significant unconformity in the Upper Permian to the Middle Triassic associated with eustatic sea-level fall as a result of regional uplift in eastern Australia, three distinct carbon isotope excursions (CIEs), characterized by negative shifts of up to -6‰ were identified; the Late Permian Guadalupian Carbon Isotope Excursions (G-CIE), the Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE), and the mid-Norian Event (MNE). These three events highlight a significant climate shift through glacial and interglacial cycles to warmer non-glacial intervals in the Late Triassic, with evidence of the polar record of the Carnian Pluvial Episode and the mid-Norian Event, which are poorly studied in the Southern Hemisphere, specifically within the Paleo-Antarctic circle. Supplementary material: A detailed chemostratigraphy data and palynomorph plate are available at https://doi.org/xxxx.
Age-related decline in melatonin contributes to enhanced osteoclastogenesis via disruption of redox homeostasis
Authors: Wu Di-Zheng , Zhao Kai , Gao Jia-Wen , Cai Gui-Xing , Li Hong-Zhou , Huang Yu-Sheng , Tu Chen , Zhuang Jing-Shen , Huang Zhi-Wei , Zhong Zhao-Ming 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Increased oxidative stress contributes to the enhanced osteoclastogenesis and age-related bone loss. Melatonin is an endogenous antioxidant and declines with aging. However, it was unclear whether decline of melatonin was involved in enhanced osteoclastogenesis in the aging process.
Methods
The plasma level of melatonin, oxidative stress status, bone mass, the number of bone marrow-derived monocytes (BMMs) and its osteoclastogenesis were analyzed in young (3-month old) and old (18-month old) mice. In vitro, BMMs isolated from aged mice were treated with or without melatonin, followed by detecting the change of osteoclastogenesis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Furthermore, old mice were treated with melatonin for 2 months to investigate the therapeutic effect.
Results
The serum level of melatonin was markedly lower in aged mice compared with young mice. Age-related decline in melatonin was accompanied by enhanced oxidative stress, osteoclastogenic potential and bone loss. Melatonin intervention significantly suppressed the RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, decreased intracellular ROS and enhanced antioxidant capacity of BMMs from aged mice. Melatonin supplementation significantly attenuated oxidative stress, osteoclastogenesis, bone loss and deterioration of bone microstructure in aged mice.
Conclusions
These results suggest that age-related decline in melatonin enhanced osteoclastogenesis via disruption of redox homeostasis. Melatonin may serve as a key regulator in osteoclastogenesis and bone homeostasis, thereby highlighting its potential as a preventive agent for age-related bone loss.