bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcome comparison between transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and endoscopic treatment in patients with cavernous transformation of the portal vein presenting with variceal bleeding: A retrospective study
Authors: Tong Yaru , Zhang Ming , Zhang Feng , Xiao Jiangqiang , Wang Yi , Zhang Wei , Huang Shuling , Peng Chunyan , Zhuge Yuzheng , Zhang Bin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Cavernous transformation of the portal vein (CTPV) is often associated with portal hypertension and varicose bleeding. Endoscopic treatments (ETs) and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) can be able to prevent rebleeding in patients with CTPV. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of TIPS and ET in patients with CTPV presenting with variceal bleeding.
Methods: We reviewed the data of patients with portal cavernous transformation presenting with variceal bleeding in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from February 2014 to January 2021, which included 38 patients who underwent endoscopic treatment and 25 patients who underwent TIPS therapy.
Results: During the follow-up period, the upper gastrointestinal rebleeding rate and survival rate have no significant difference between the ET group and TIPS group (P ＞0.05). The median hospitalization cost in the TIPS group ( 93258.00 Chinese Yuan) was significantly higher than that in the ET group (47109.00 Chinese Yuan) (P = 0.001), and the length of hospital stay in the TIPS group ( 14.52 ± 12.00 days) was much shorter than that in the ET group ( 23.05 ± 12.87 days) (P = 0.003). The incidence of OHE in the TIPS group was higher than that in the ET group (P = 0.013).
Conclusions: For patients with CTPV presenting with variceal bleeding, TIPS was not superior to ET regarding preventing rebleeding and long-term survival. ET, rather than TIPS, may be a better choice for patients with CTPV presenting with variceal bleeding regarding medical expenses and postoperative complications.
Protein disulfide isomerase gene family and its potential function on Endoplasmic Reticulum quality control in Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Authors: Du hua , liu Xiaojuan , Ma Wanying , Chen Jichen , Liu Zidong , Du Hong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
PDI was a molecular chaperone and played an important role in Endoplasmic Reticulum quality control (ERQC). PDI chaperone participated in the refolded of the misfolded/ unfolded proteins to maintain the cellular homeostasis under different stresses. However, bioinformatic characteristics and potential functions of PtPDIs in diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum were still unknown so far. Hence, the genome-wide characterization of PtPDI proteins in P. tricornutum was firstly studied via bioinformatic and transcriptomic methods. Totally, 42 PtPDI genes were identified from the genome of P. tricornutum. The motifs, protein structure, classification, the number of introns-exons, phylogenetic relationship, and the expression level of 42 PtPDI genes under the tunicamycin stress were analyzed. The PtPDI genes in P. tricornutum were divided into three individual branches, indicating different evolutional relationships of these PtPDIs. The 14 up-regulated PtPDI genes under the tunicamycin treatment might have a positive effect on the ER quality control of the unfolded/ misfolded proteins, while the 7 down-regulated PtPDIs might negative effect the ERQC. Anyway, the important functions of PtPDIs in the ERQC of P. tricornutum still need more experiments to clarify. The study here provides a comprehensive understanding of the genome wide PtPDIs gene family and will be important for the functional study of PtPDIs in the ERQC.
Exceptional multi-year prediction skill of the Kuroshio Extension in a high-resolution decadal prediction system
Authors: Kim Who , Yeager Stephen , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Chang Ping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Kuroshio Extension (KE) has far-reaching influences on climate as well as on local marine ecosystems. Thus, skillful multi-year to decadal prediction of the KE state and understanding sources of skill are both societally important and scientifically challenging. Retrospective forecasts using a high-resolution coupled system at an eddy-rich (0.1°) ocean and 0.25° atmosphere horizontal resolution show exceptional skill in predicting decadal KE variability up to lead year 4, substantially higher than the skill found in a similarly configured low-resolution (~1° for all components) system. The exceptional skill is attained because the high-resolution prediction system can more realistically simulate the westward propagation of initialized SSH anomalies in the central North Pacific and their expression within the sharp KE front. These results argue for the use of high-resolution models for future studies that aim to predict changes in the western boundary current systems and associated biological fields.
Urinary titin is not an early biomarker of skeletal muscle atrophy induced by muscle denervation in mice
Authors: Tanihata Jun , Minamisawa Susumu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Early detection of skeletal muscle atrophy is important to prevent further muscle weakness. However, there are few non-invasive biomarkers for skeletal muscle atrophy. Recent studies have reported that the N-terminal fragment (N-titin) of titin, a giant sarcomeric protein, is detected in the urine of patients with muscle damage. In this study, we hypothesized that urinary N-titin would be a potential early biomarker of skeletal muscle atrophy in mice caused by sciatic nerve denervation. Male mice were randomly divided into control and denervation groups, and urinary N-titin levels were assessed daily for 9 days using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system. Despite reduced titin protein levels in atrophic muscles 10 days after denervation, cleaved N-titin fragments were not increased in the urine of mice with denervation-induced muscle atrophy. Furthermore, we found no uptake of Evans blue dye from the extracellular space into the cytoplasm in atrophic muscles, suggesting that the sarcomeric membrane is intact in those muscles. The present results suggest that cleaved N-titin in the urine is not suitable as an early biomarker of skeletal muscle atrophy.
Analyzing the digital divide among the demographics in the State of Telangana with reference to adoption of Digital Banking services.
Authors: M John Paul 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The digitalisation of banking services is certainly a positive note that reduces the fatigue of the customers by operating their transactions through their mobile gadgets and other electronic instruments using the internet. However, the research literature demonstrates that Digital initiatives not only has positive connotation but has created a digital divide among the demographics across the communities (Benda et al, 2011) the studies also show evidence that there exists a huge gap among age groups, gender, income levels and socio-cultural groups in availing digital technologies in financial,especially the banking sector (Upadhyaya, L., et al, 2018). The present study is an attemptwhich focuses on understanding the changing and existing phenomenon of banking with special reference to Digitalisation and the adoption process of these new technologies by customers. The study mainly takes the constructs from Technology acceptance Models to test whether there exists any digital divide among the demographics in the study.
A population of faint, old, and massive quiescent galaxies at 3 &lt; z &lt; 4 revealed by JWST NIRSpec Spectroscopy
Authors: NANAYAKKARA THEMIYA , Glazebrook Karl , Jacobs Colin , Schreiber Corentin , Brammer Gabriel , Esdaile James , Kacprzak Glenn , Labbe Ivo , Lagos Claudia , Marchesini Danilo , Marsan Cemile , Nateghi Hasti , Oesch Pascal , Papovich Casey , Remus Rhea-Silvia , Tran Kim-Vy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The confirmation of the presence of very massive quiescent galaxies at epochs
only 1–2 Gyr after the Big Bang [1–8] has challenged models of cosmology and
galaxy formation [9]. Producing sufficient numbers of these requires abundant
numbers of the host dark matter halos to have been assembled and sufficient
time for star formation to proceed extremely quickly and then cease just as
rapidly. Ground-based spectroscopy has suggested ages of 200–300 Myr[3] at
redshifts 3 < z < 4. The true number and ages of these objects have however
been highly uncertain as ground-based spectra has been limited to the bright-
est of them [e.g. 3, 5], at wavelengths ∼ 2μm, which introduces a signficant
potential bias towards younger objects [7]. The launch of the James Webb
Space Telescope (JWST) enables dramatically more sensitive and constraining
spectroscopic observations due to the very low sky background, sharp image
quality, and access to wavelengths beyond 2μm. Here we report JWST NIR-
Spec [10] (0.6–5.3μm) observations of five new quiescent galaxy candidates
that were beyond the limit of previous ground-based spectroscopy. The high
signal:noise spectra of galaxies with continuum significantly fainter than ear-
lier confirmations show that they are also at redshifts 3 < z < 4, and that they
have substantial stellar masses of ∼ 0.5−1.2×1011 M⊙ comparable to massive
galaxies in the nearby Universe. One of the galaxies has been quenched for ∼> 1
billion years pointing to a presence of substantially older and fainter galaxies
than those revealed so far by ground-based spectroscopy. This suggests that
some of the massive galaxies have very early formation epochs (during the
epoch of reionization, z ∼> 6) pointing to a need for high conversion rates of
baryons to stars in the first massive galaxy halos in the early Universe [11, 12].
Knowledge-based mechanistic modeling accurately predicts disease progression with gefinitib in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: L'Hostis Adèle , Palgen Jean-Louis , Perrillat-Mercerot Angélique , Peyronnet Emmanuel , Jacob Evgueni , Bosley James R. , Duruisseaux Michaël , Toueg Raphaël , Lefèvre Lucile , Kahoul Riad , Ceres Nicoletta , Monteiro Claudio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is associated with a low survival rate at advanced stages. Although the development of targeted therapies has improved the survival of LUAD patients with identified and specific genetic alterations, such as mutations on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the emergence of tumor resistance remains a threat to patient survival and calls for the development of new therapies. In this paper, we present the In Silico EGFR mutant LUAD (ISELA) model that links patients’ individual characteristics, including tumor genetic heterogeneity, to tumor size evolution and tumor progression over time under first generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib. This translational mechanistic model gathers extensive knowledge on LUAD and was calibrated on multiple scales, including in vitro, human tumor xenograft mouse and human, reproducing more than 90% of the experimental data identified. Moreover, with 98.5% coverage and 99.4% negative log rank tests, the model accurately reproduced the time to progression from the Lux-Lung 7 clinical trial, which was unused in calibration, thus supporting the model high predictive value. Therefore, this knowledge-based mechanistic model could be a valuable tool to support the development of new therapies against EGFR mutant LUAD as a foundation for the generation of synthetic control arms based on mechanistic models.
Use of the Bayesian statistics and the product of probabilities in the ionizing radiation field
Authors: Castillo Terman Frometa , Pyakuryal Anil , Narayanasamy Ganesh , Mesbahi Asghar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, the probability of the intersection (PI) of two or more stochastic events or processes is calculated as the product of probabilities (PPs). The Bayes’ theorem (BT) is widely used in the ionizing radiation field. We will show the PI is not only obtained as the PPs; but the minimum of their probabilities; and demonstrate that terms P(B|A) and P(A|B) in the BT are not new probabilistic metrics, but the own respective probabilities of B and A events. Mathematical derivations based on strong probabilistic foundations, and with their respective illustrations were our methodology. There are demonstrations of: 1) The two ways for determining the PI; and 2) Incoherencies of the BT. The tumor control probability (TCP) and normal tissue non-complication probability (NTCP0) of the radiation oncology treatments to patients with more than one target, calculated respectively as the product of TCP, and NTCP0 of each treatment, are excellent-practical examples in the determination of the PI using PPs. Given previously explained conditions of the BT terms; the use of this theorem should be re-considered. The current determination of the PI using the PPs is not valid for stochastic variables belonging to a stochastic event or process.
Effects and individual response of continuous and interval training on adiponectin concentration, cardiometabolic risk factors and physical fitness in overweight adolescents
Authors: Tadiotto Maiara Cristina , Corazza Patricia Ribeiro Paes , Junior Francisco Jose de Menezes , Junior Frederico Bento de Moraes , Tozo Tatiana Aparecida Affornali , Purim Kátia Sheylla Malta , Mota Jorge , Leite Neiva 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
Study aimed to evaluate the effect and individual responsiveness after 12-weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity of continuous training (MICT) on adiponectin, cardiometabolic risk factors and physical fitness in overweight adolescents.
Methods
Participated 52 adolescents, both sexes, 11 and 16 years-old: HIIT (n = 13), MICT (n = 15) and control group (CG, n = 24). Body mass, height, waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), triglycerides, insulin, adiponectin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated. Body mass index z-score (BMI-z), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity were calculated. Resting heart rate (HRrest), peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), right handgrip strength (HGS-right), left handgrip strength (HGS-left) and abdominal resistance (ABD) was evaluated. HIIT session lasted around 35min and MICT of 60min of exercises on stationary bicycle, three times a weekday for 12-weeks. ANOVA, effect size, and prevalence of responders were used for statistical analysis.
Results
HIIT reduced BMI-z, WHtR, LDL-c and CRP, while increased of physical fitness. MICT reduced HDL-c, while increased of physical fitness. CG reduced FM, HDL-c, and CRP, while increased FFM and HRrest. Frequencies of respondents in HIIT were observed for CRP, VO2peak, HGS-right and HGS-left. Frequencies of respondents in MICT were observed for CRP and HGS-right. Frequencies of no-respondents in CG were observed for WC, WHtR, CRP, HRrest and ABD.
Conclusion
Interventions with exercises were effective to adiposity, metabolic health, and physical fitness improvements. Individual responses were observed in inflammatory process and physical fitness, important changes in overweight adolescent’s therapy.
Secretion of BMP-2 by TAMs up-regulates the expression of RUNX2 and TWIST1 to promote the microcalcifications and tumor metastasis in breast cancer
Authors: Wang Shuo , Dong Xiaoshen , Zheng Caiwei , Gu Ming , Jiang Haiyang , Liang Xinzhi , Zheng Xinyu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Microcalcifications is an important indicator of breast cancer yet the mechanism of its formation remains to be elucidated. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can secrete bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), which is associated with presence of microcalcifications. BMP-2 is also known to up-regulate RUNX2, a regulator of the differentiation of osteoblasts, which could be the potential mechanism underlying microcalcification formation.
METHODS:Immunohistochemical staining of CD163 (marker of the M2-like macrophages), BMP-2, RUNX2 and TWIST1 were performed on tissue microarray (TMA) sections of 272 primary invasive breast cancer. Following induction, M2‐like TAMs were co-cultured with breast cancer cells with or without adding BMP receptor Ⅰ inhibitor (LDN). The level of BMP-2 in culture solution was measured by ELISA. The expression of RUNX2, TWIST1 and their downstream factors were measured by western blot. The deposition of microcalcifications was analyzed by Alizarin Red S staining. Orthotopic metastasis in mice models were established to further determine the role of TAMs in microcalcifications and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). PET-CT was used to detect the metastasis in mice.
RESULTS:Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the expression of RUNX2 and TWIST1 was significantly correlated with microcalcifications. Expression of RUNX2 was also correlated with infiltration of TAMs and the expression of BMP-2. Results from co-culturing of TAMs with breast cancer cells showed that the secretion of BMP-2 from TAMs could induce microcalcifications and EMT by upregulating the expression of RUNX2 and TWIST1 respectively, while these effects could be reversed by LDN. Similar results were observed in the mouse model of orthotopic metastasis.
CONCLUSIONS:These findings support the hypothesis that the secretion of BMP-2 by TAMs could up-regulate the expression of RUNX2 and TWIST1 to promote microcalcifications and induce EMT in breast cancer.
General Syntheses of High-Performance Thermoelectric Nanostructured Solids without Post-Synthetic Ligand Stripping
Authors: Lou Yue , Li Xiaokun , Shi Zhan , Zhou Hao , Feng Tianli , Xu Biao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ligand-assisted wet chemical synthesis is a versatile methodology to produce controllable nanocrystals (NCs). The post-treatment of ligands is significant for the performance of functional devices. Herein, a method that retains ligands of colloidal-synthesized nanomaterials to produce thermoelectric nanomaterials is proposed, compared to the conventional methods that strip ligands using multi-step cumbersome processes. The retained ligands method can control over the size and dispersity of nanocrystals during the consolidation of the NCs into dense pellets, in which retained ligands are transformed into organic carbon within the matrices, and intimate contacts between carbon and nanoparticles establish clear organic-inorganic interfaces. Characterizations of non-stripped and stripped samples confirm that this strategy can affect electric transport slightly but reduce the thermal conductivity largely. As a result, the materials (e.g., SnSe, Cu2-xS, AgBiSe2, and Cu2ZnSnSe4) with ligands retained achieve higher peak zT and better mechanical properties. This method not only can be applied to other colloidal thermoelectric NCs but also other functional materials.
Phase-tailored assembly and encoding of dissipative soliton molecules
Authors: Luo Yiyang , Liu Yusong , Huang Siyun , Liu Haoguang , Sun Yixiang , Xia Ran , Yan Lisong , Liu Huanhuan , Xu Gang , Sun Qizhen , Tang Xiahui , Shum Perry Ping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Self-assembly of particle-like dissipative solitons, in presence of mutual interactions, emphasizes the vibrant concept of soliton molecules in varieties of laser resonators. Controllable manipulation on the molecular patterns, held by the degrees of freedom of internal motions, still remains challenging to explore more efficient and subtle tailoring approaches for the increasing demands. Here, we report a new phase-tailored quaternary encoding format based on controllable internal assembly of dissipative soliton molecules. Artificial manipulations on the energy flow of soliton-molecular elements stimulate the deterministic harnessing on the assemblies of internal dynamics. Self-assembled soliton molecules are tailored into four phase-defined regimes, thus constituting the phase-tailored quaternary encoding format. Such phase-tailored soliton assemblies are endowed with great robustness, mostly resistant to the fiber nonlinearity and complicated timing jitter. All these results experimentally demonstrate the programmable phase tailoring based on the gain-governed energy flow and exemplify the application of the phase-tailored quaternary encoding format, prospectively promoting the large-capacity all-optical storage in soliton communications.
Identification of two insecticide resistance markers in Ethiopian Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes using a multiplex amplicon sequencing assay targeting vgsc, rdl, gste2 and ace1 loci
Authors: Acford-Palmer Holly , Phelan Jody E. , Tadesse Fitsum G. , Kristan Mojca , Collins Emma , Spadar Anton , Walker Thomas , Bousema Teun , Messenger Louisa A. , Clark Taane G. , Campino Susana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Since its first detection in 2012 in Djibouti, Anopheles stephensi has invaded and established itself in the Horn of Africa and most recently in Nigeria and Yemen. The expansion of this vector poses a significant threat to malaria control and eliminations efforts. Integrated vector management is the primary strategy used to interrupt disease transmission; however, growing insecticide resistance is threatening to reverse gains in global malaria control. We present a next-generation amplicon-sequencing approach, for high-throughput monitoring of insecticide resistance genes (ace1, gste2, vgsc and rdl), species identification and characterization of genetic diversity (its2 and cox1) in An. stephensi. Ninety-five An. stephensi mosquitoes, collected in Ethiopia, were screened, identifying 104 SNPs, including the knock-down mutation L958F (L1014F in Musca domestica), and for the first time in this vector species, the A296S substitution (A301S in Drosophila melanogaster) in the rdl locus. Two other amino acid substitutions (ace1-N177D, GSTe2-V189L) were also identified but have not been previously implicated in insecticide resistance. Genetic diversity in the mitochondrial cox1 gene revealed shared haplotypes between Ethiopian An. stephensi with samples from Pakistan, Sudan, and Djibouti. Overall, we present a reliable, cost-effective strategy using amplicon-sequencing to monitor known insecticide resistance mutations, with the potential to identify new genetic variants, to assist high-throughput surveillance of An. stephensi populations.
Internal flat-plate airlift cylindrical bioreactor for the degradation of newspaper using Trichoderma reesei: characterization of hydrodynamics parameters
Authors: Hernández-Melchor Dulce Jazmín , Pérez Pablo Antonio López , Ferrera-Cerrato Ronald , Alarcón Alejandro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Trichoderma is a cosmopolitan fungus whose importance lies in its ability to produce metabolites such as enzymes from the biodegradation of cellulose-rich waste. For its growth, aerated bioreactors are used in submerged culture where oxygen is one of the elements that limits this process. The aim of this study was to characterize the hydrodynamics and mass transfer of an internal flat-plate airlift cylindrical bioreactor for the biodegradation of newspaper using T. reesei as a study model. Hydrodynamics (gas hold-up, mixing time, Reynolds number) and mass transfer (kLa) properties were characterized in a biphasic (water-air) and triphasic (Trichoderma ressei- basal minimum medium-air) systems. A degradation kinetics of newspaper in the airlift bioreactor in batch culture was realized. At day 20 the enzyme activities, biomass, residual cellulose, protein concentration and reducing sugar were 1421 IU L-1 CMCase, 8.02 g L-1, 2.19 g L-1, 0.0018 g L-1, 0.07 g L-1 respectively. Finally, the overall kLa (triphasic system) was calculated to be in the range of 2.34-14.76 h -1 and Reynolds number of 1757 depending on the hydrodynamics parameters. In addition, the theoretical kLa was compared and estimated with respect to the experimental values with a maximum error of ±20% acceptable based on the proposed coefficient of performance. The relationship between mass transfer and Reynolds number is essential to assess the scalability of our system for an optimal degradation of newspaper.