bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does foreign direct investment moderate the effect of economic complexity on carbon emissions? Evidence from BRICS nations
Authors: Beton Kalmaz Demet , Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to assess the moderating role of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the effect of economic complexity on carbon emissions, considering other drivers of carbon emissions such as renewable energy use and economic growth, using data set spanning between 1990 and 2018 in BRICS nations.

Design/methodology/approach
This research aims to fill the gap in ongoing literature. Cross-sectional IPS and cross-sectional augmented Dickey–Fuller tests, fully modified ordinary least square, dynamic ordinary least square, fixed effect ordinary least square, Westerlund cointegration and method of moments quantile regression (MMQR) econometric approaches are applied.

Findings
The Westerlund cointegration outcomes disclosed long-run interconnectedness between carbon emissions and its drivers. Furthermore, MMQR outcomes disclosed that in each tail (0.1–0.90), economic growth and economic complexity contribute to upsurge in carbon emissions while in each quantile (0.1–0.90) renewable energy abate carbon emissions. Furthermore, we affirmed the pollution-haven and environmental Kuznets curve hypotheses across all quantiles (0.1–0.90). Finally, at all quantiles (0.1–0.90), the joint effect of both FDI inflows and economic complexity reduced carbon emissions. Furthermore, the panel causality outcomes disclosed that all the exogenous variables can predict carbon emissions. Based on the findings, BRICS nation’s policymakers should place a greater emphasis on FDI inflows because it aids in abating environmental degradation.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first research to test the moderating role of FDI on the effect of economic complexity on carbon emissions. Hence, this research aims to fill the gap in ongoing literature.
Investigating consumer perceptions of brand inauthenticity in a narrative brand ending
Authors: Burgess Jacqueline , Jones Christian Martyn 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate consumer perceptions of inauthenticity due to adulteration of a narrative brand ending by using the research context of the final season and ending of the television series, Game of Thrones.

Design/methodology/approach
Two data sets totalling 2,032 online comments detailing consumer reactions to the final season of Game of Thrones were analysed using thematic analysis and human interpretive analysis. The coding was an iterative and continuous process, and posts were returned to and re-examined to refine codes and groupings as the analysis progressed.

Findings
The results indicate consumers perceived the ending of the eighth and final season of the television series, Game of Thrones, did not meet their expectations and was not authentic due to rushed writing and illogical character and plot developments. Consumers judged this adulteration was so great that it was a moral violation and transgression. Consumers also sought to assign blame for the inauthenticity, which they attributed to the writers and showrunners, who became the subject of revenge behaviours.

Originality/value
This study indicates consumers of narrative brands, due to their strong emotional attachments to their characters and storyworlds, may perceive unexpected and extensive changes to them as moral violations and transgressions and thus inauthentic. Consumers establish the authenticity of a narrative brand by regularly scrutinising narrative and character development against their expectations as shaped by prior narrative content. Due to their emotional attachment, consumers may attempt to attribute blame for the inauthenticity. The findings have not been established in prior research, and inauthenticity in a narrative brand context is also explored for the first time.
Direct and indirect effects of urbanization, pesticides and wild insect pollinators on mango yield
Authors: Marcacci Gabriel , Devy Soubadra , Wenzel Arne , Rao Vikas S. , Kumar S. Shabarish , Nölke Nils , Belavadi Vasuki V. , Tscharntke Teja , Grass Ingo , Westphal Catrin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Expanding cities increasingly encroach fertile farmlands, questioning the viability of maintaining agriculture within and around them. Yet, our knowledge on how urbanization influences pollinator communities and the provision of pollination services to crops is limited, especially for the urbanization hotspots of the Global South.

Mango Mangifera indica is one of the most important fruit crops in tropical countries. To analyse the dependency of mango on its main insect pollinators, and the direct and indirect effects of urbanization and insecticides on pollinator abundance and mango yield, we conducted a pollinator exclusion experiment and sampled flower visitors on 16 mango farms spread across rural–urban landscapes in Bengaluru, a South Indian megacity.

We found that allowing flowers access to ants and flying visitors (bees, hoverflies, nonsyrphid flies), dramatically increased mango yield by 350%, highlighting the importance of wild insects for mango pollination. We detected a trend between wild bee abundance and the final fruit set, with an increase of 20% when the number of bees increased from 25 to 125.

Urbanization did not directly affect pollinator abundance or mango yield. However, the amount of insecticide applications had strong negative effects on wild bee abundance at low and intermediate levels of urbanization, while it had no effect in highly urbanized areas, presumably because of higher availability of flowering resources. Moreover, the amount of insecticides decreased the weight of harvested mango fruits by almost 30%. This may indicate trade‐offs between conventional pest control and enhanced crop yields through pollination by wild insects in rural areas.

Synthesis and applications: Our results indicate that mango production can be maintained at a profitable level in urbanized landscapes with insect pollinators more than tripling final yield. However, increasing use of insecticides, besides raising farmers' expenses, can have negative effects on wild insect pollinators and mango yield, especially in rural areas. To safeguard crucial pollination services, it is therefore critical to conserve and promote wild insect pollinators by minimizing the negative effects of insecticide applications in these areas.
Mainstreaming Authoritarianism
Authors: Katsambekis Giorgos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStarting from the debate on democratic decline, this article introduces the concept of ‘mainstreaming authoritarianism’ in a bid to turn attention to the role and agency of traditional political actors in the process. The article summarises key findings of relevant studies on autocratisation and highlights issues with the many concepts employed to describe the problem. It moves on to define authoritarianism and suggests a turn towards practice‐based approaches. This facilitates the analysis of authoritarian discourses and practices of mainstream political actors in established democracies and helps bridge the gap between social psychology‐based and political science‐based classic conceptualisations of authoritarianism. Testing the hypothesis that authoritarianism has been mainstreamed, the author develops a comparative survey of the actions and practices of key political actors in Europe, concluding with a note on the importance of acknowledging this authoritarian turn, dealing with its consequences and focussing on the role of agency.
Validation of machine learning approach for direct mutation rate estimation
Authors: Burda Katarzyna , Konczal Mateusz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMutations are the primary source of all genetic variation. Knowledge about their rates is critical for any evolutionary genetic analyses, but for a long time, that knowledge has remained elusive and indirectly inferred. In recent years, parent–offspring comparisons have yielded the first direct mutation rate estimates. The analyses are, however, challenging due to high rate of false positives and no consensus regarding standardized filtering of candidate de novo mutations. Here, we validate the application of a machine learning approach for such a task and estimate the mutation rate for the guppy (Poecilia reticulata), a model species in eco‐evolutionary studies. We sequenced 4 parents and 20 offspring, followed by screening their genomes for de novo mutations. The initial large number of candidate de novo mutations was hard‐filtered to remove false‐positive results. These results were compared with mutation rate estimated with a supervised machine learning approach. Both approaches were followed by molecular validation of all candidate de novo mutations and yielded similar results. The ML method uniquely identified three mutations, but overall required more hands‐on curation and had higher rates of false positives and false negatives. Both methods concordantly showed no difference in mutation rates between families. Estimated here the guppy mutation rate is among the lowest directly estimated mutation rates in vertebrates; however, previous research has also found low estimated rates in other teleost fishes. We discuss potential explanations for such a pattern, as well as future utility and limitations of machine learning approaches.
Reduced chemosymbiont genome in the methane seep thyasirid and the cooperated metabolisms in the holobiont under anaerobic sediment
Authors: Li Yunlong , He Xing , Lin Yuxuan , Li Yi‐Xuan , Kamenev Gennady M. , Li Jiying , Qiu Jian‐Wen , Sun Jin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have deciphered the genomic basis of host‐symbiont metabolic complementarity in vestimentiferans, bathymodioline mussels, vesicomyid clams and Alviniconcha snails, yet little is known about the chemosynthetic symbiosis in Thyasiridae—a family of Bivalvia regarded as an excellent model in chemosymbiosis research due to their wide distribution in both deep‐sea and shallow‐water habitats. We report the first circular thyasirid symbiont genome, named Candidatus Ruthturnera sp. Tsphm01, with a size of 1.53 Mb, 1521 coding genes and 100% completeness. Compared to its free‐living relatives, Ca. Ruthturnera sp. Tsphm01 genome is reduced, lacking components for chemotaxis, citric acid cycle and de novo biosynthesis of small molecules (e.g. amino acids and cofactors), indicating it is likely an obligate intracellular symbiont. Nevertheless, the symbiont retains complete genomic components of sulphur oxidation and assimilation of inorganic carbon, and these systems were highly and actively expressed. Moreover, the symbiont appears well‐adapted to anoxic environment, including capable of anaerobic respiration (i.e. reductions of DMSO and nitrate) and possession of a low oxygen‐adapted type of cytochrome c oxidase. Analysis of the host transcriptome revealed its metabolic complementarity to the incomplete metabolic pathways of the symbiont and the acquisition of nutrients from the symbiont via phagocytosis and exosome. By providing the first complete genome of reduced size in a thyasirid symbiont, this study enhances our understanding of the diversity of symbiosis that has enabled bivalves to thrive in chemosynthetic habitats. The resources will be widely used in phylogenetic, geographic and evolutionary studies of chemosynthetic bacteria and bivalves.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis
Authors: Loo Yin Pin , Loo Chai Har , Lim Ai Lee , Wong Chee Keong , Ali Norazlima Binti Mohd , Khor Yek Huan , Tan Wooi Chiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionPsoriatic arthritis is a chronic, autoimmune inflammatory arthritis that occurs with psoriasis and has profound impact on patients' physical and psychological well‐being. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis.MethodsA single‐center, cross‐sectional study was conducted over a 12‐month period at the Dermatology Clinic, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Malaysia involving all consecutive psoriasis patients. CASPAR (ClASsification of Psoriatic ARthritis) criteria were used to diagnose psoriatic arthritis.ResultsA total of 360 patients with psoriasis were recruited, of whom 107 (29.7%) had psoriatic arthritis. Psoriatic arthritis patients had equal gender distribution and the mean age of arthritis onset was 40.7 ± 12.8 years. Psoriasis preceded arthritis in 81.3% of patients (n = 87) with a mean latency interval of 10.5 years. Polyarthropathy was the predominant subtype affecting 46.8% (n = 50) of patients, followed by oligoarthropathy (22.4%, n = 24), axial joint disease (5.6%, n = 6), predominant distal interphalangeal joint disease (2.8%, n = 3), and mixed subtype (22.4%, n = 24). Enthesitis and dactylitis occurred in 12.1% (n = 13) and 20.6% (n = 22) of arthritis patients, respectively, and deformity was present in 37.4% (n = 40). Psoriatic arthritis was significantly associated with being an ever smoker (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.18–0.91, p = .029), genital psoriasis (aOR 2.25; 95% CI 1.17–4.33, p = .015), and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (aOR 1.02; 95% CI 1.01–1.04, p = .005) and C‐reactive protein [CRP] (aOR 1.04; 95% CI 1.00–1.08, p = .040).ConclusionOur study showed a high prevalence of psoriatic arthritis among the psoriasis cohort. Genital involvement, and increased ESR and CRP were associated with psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis.
Combining species distribution models and moderate resolution satellite information to guide conservation programs for reticulated giraffe
Authors: Crego R. D. , Fennessy J. , Brown M. B. , Connette G. , Stacy‐Dawes J. , Masiaine S. , Stabach J. A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe conservation of threatened and rare species in remote areas often presents two challenges: there may be unknown populations that have not yet been documented and there is a need to identify suitable habitat to translocate individuals and help populations recover. This is the case of the reticulated giraffe (Giraffa reticulata), a species of high conservation priority for which: (a) there may be unknown populations in remote areas, and (b) detailed maps of suitable habitat available within its range are lacking. We implemented a species distribution modeling (SDM) workflow in Google Earth Engine, combining GPS telemetry data of 31 reticulated giraffe with Landsat 8 OLI, Advanced Land Observing Satellite Phased Arrayed L‐band Synthetic Aperture Radar, and surface ruggedness layers to predict suitable habitat at 30‐m spatial resolution across the potential range of the species. Models had high predictive power, with a mean AUC‐PR of 0.88 (SD: 0.02; range: 0.86–0.91), mean sensitivity of 0.85 (SD: 0.04; range: 0.80–0.91), and mean precision was 0.81 (SD: 0.02; range: 0.79–0.83). Model predictions were also consistent with two independent validation datasets, with higher predicted suitable habitat values at known occurrence locations than at a random set of locations (P < 0.01). Our model predicted a total of 5519 km2 of potentially suitable habitat in Kenya, 963 km2 in Ethiopia, and 147 km2 in Somalia. Our results indicate that is possible to combine moderate spatial resolution imagery with telemetry data to guide conservation programs of threatened terrestrial species. We provide a free web app where managers can visualize and interact with the 30 m resolution map to help guide future surveys to search for existing populations and to inform future reintroduction assessments. We present all analysis code as a framework that could be adapted for other species across the globe.
What do rural young people want from their mental health service
Authors: Sullivan Erin , Bartik Warren 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionRural young people have high rates of mental illness and low rates of help‐seeking making it crucial to extend research about service improvement in rural and remote Australia.ObjectiveTo describe what rural young people want from their headspace service, and what rural headspace clinicians understand they provide.DesignThis study used a qualitative methodology with reflexive thematic analysis to analyse participant interviews and systematically derive common themes.FindingsThirteen participants were interviewed comprising young people aged 16 to 18 years who had accessed one of three rural headspace services, together with clinicians working in those services. Key themes for both young people and clinicians comprised accessibility, flexibility, engagement, safety, youth‐focus, and evidence‐based treatment although there were some differences of emphasis amongst themes. There was also an additional theme for young people of awareness, and for clinicians of caring.DiscussionThe results supported that what young people were seeking was largely consistent with what headspace clinicians were providing. There were however some specific issues relevant to service provision in a rural context such as increased awareness of services, the need to focus on evidenced based interventions, and better promotion in schools and the local community. Service gaps such as unmet needs for young people with higher risk who might fall outside of agency requirements were also identified.ConclusionResults of this study help inform better service delivery and increased awareness for mental health of young people in rural communities to improve access and outcomes.
Identification of extracellular vesicle microRNA signatures specifically linked to inflammatory and metabolic mechanisms in obesity‐associated low type‐2 asthma
Authors: Alhamdan Fahd , Greulich Timm , Daviaud Christian , Marsh Leigh M. , Pedersen Frauke , Thölken Clemens , Pfefferle Petra Ina , Bahmer Thomas , Potaczek Daniel P. , Tost Jörg , Garn Holger 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRationale and ObjectivePlasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a vital source of molecular information about health and disease states. Due to their heterogenous cellular sources, EVs and their cargo may predict specific pathomechanisms behind disease phenotypes. Here we aimed to utilize EV microRNA (miRNA) signatures to gain new insights into underlying molecular mechanisms of obesity‐associated low type‐2 asthma.MethodsObese low type‐2 asthma (OA) and non‐obese low type‐2 asthma (NOA) patients were selected from an asthma cohort conjointly with healthy controls. Plasma EVs were isolated and characterised by nanoparticle tracking analysis. EV‐associated small RNAs were extracted, sequenced and bioinformatically analysed.ResultsBased on EV miRNA expression profiles, a clear distinction between the three study groups could be established using a principal component analysis. Integrative pathway analysis of potential target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs revealed inflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin‐6, transforming growth factor‐beta, interferons) and metabolic factors (e.g., insulin, leptin) signalling pathways to be specifically associated with OA. The miR‐17–92 and miR‐106a–363 clusters were significantly enriched only in OA. These miRNA clusters exhibited discrete bivariate correlations with several key laboratory (e.g., C‐reactive protein) and lung function parameters. Plasma EV miRNA signatures mirrored blood‐derived CD4+ T‐cell transcriptome data, but achieved an even higher sensitivity in identifying specifically affected biological pathways.ConclusionThe identified plasma EV miRNA signatures and particularly the miR‐17–92 and ‐106a–363 clusters were capable to disentangle specific mechanisms of the obesity‐associated low type‐2 asthma phenotype, which may serve as basis for stratified treatment development.
European expert recommendations on clinical investigation and evaluation of high‐risk medical devices for children
Authors: Guerlich Kathrin , Patro‐Golab Bernadeta , Barnacle Alex , Baumann Ulrich , Eicken Andreas , Fraser Alan G. , Gruszfeld Dariusz , Haas Nikolaus A. , Jonker Anneliene H. , Kammermeier Michael , Kenny Damien , Kolaček Sanja , Lapatto Risto , Maconochie Ian , Mader Silke , McGauran Gearóid , Melvin Tom , Muensterer Oliver , Piscoi Paul , Romano Alberto , Saxena Amulya K. , Schneider Dominik T. , Turner Mark A. , Walle Johan Vande , Koletzko Berthold ,   the European Academy of Paediatrics
Published: July 2023

AbstractSeveral high‐risk medical devices for children have become unavailable in the European Union (EU), since requirements and costs for device certification increased markedly due to the EU Medical Device Regulation. The EU‐funded CORE‐MD project held a workshop in January 2023 with experts from various child health specialties, representatives of European paediatric associations, a regulatory authority and the European Commission Directorate General Health and Food Safety. A virtual follow‐up meeting took place in March 2023. We developed recommendations for investigation of high‐risk medical devices for children building on participants' expertise and results of a scoping review of clinical trials on high‐risk medical devices in children. Approaches for evaluating and certifying high‐risk medical devices for market introduction are proposed.
Short‐term neurological injury in newborns infants with overcooling in passive hypothermia and transferred to reference hospital in Colombia
Authors: Troncoso Gloria , Agudelo‐Pérez Sergio , Thorin Nicole , Diaz Camila , Vargas Alejandra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to determine whether overcooling (temperature <33°C) during passive hypothermia when transporting neonates with perinatal asphyxia increased the risk of short‐term neurological injury.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed. Newborns transferred to the LaCardio neonatal unit between January 2021 and April 2022 with moderate and severe perinatal asphyxia and who received passive hypothermia during transport were included. A temperature of <33°C was considered overcooling. A composite outcome of neurological injury was defined by the presence of abnormalities on brain magnetic resonance imaging, video telemetry, seizure before discharge or both.ResultsThe study included 101 newborns. A total of 18 neonates had a temperature <33°C after transportation. Neurological injuries were present in 21.8% of the temperature <33°C group and 78.2% of the temperature ≥33°C group. Temperature <33°C at the end of transport (aOR 9.2, 95% CI 1.1–77.3) were associated with neurological injury before discharge from the unit.ConclusionDuring transportation, overcooling in neonates with asphyxia increases the risk of neurological injury before discharge from the neonatal unit. It is important to qualify the transport team with adequate training and equipment for therapeutic hypothermia.
New visualization method for cranial carvings of Rapanui wooden figurines
Authors: Wieczorek Rafal , Horley Paul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrecontact culture of Easter Island (Rapa Nui) produced wooden figurines carved with attention to detail and featuring careful surface polishing. These figurines depict humans and akuaku spirits. Male figurines usually have bald heads adorned with elaborate designs carved in low relief, depicting human beings, fishes, birds, chimerical creatures, or material objects of Rapanui culture. As cranial carvings swirl around the head of the figurine, it is impossible to document them fully with a single photograph. Several publications show cranial carvings in free‐hand drawing. In this study, we suggest a methodology for design unwrapping from nearly hemispherical surface, projecting it onto a plane in a uniform and replicable fashion. To do so, we employ 3D models of figurines' heads obtained with photogrammetric modeling. Although this approach features certain limitations, it permits far richer level of detail and documentation accuracy in comparison to commonly used free‐hand drawings.