bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Neurotoxic effects of Digoxin different doses in mice
Authors: Jaafar Farrah R. 
Published: August 2023

The present study was designed to evaluate neurobehavioral effects of two doses of digoxin( therapeutic and double dose) in mice.Two treatment groups( T1, T2), each consist of 10 mice divided according to daily oral treatment with Digoxin representing dosing orally with 5 ,10microgram/kg respectively the third group considered as control and treated with distilled water.Neurobehavioral results showed that digioxin in T2 caused significant decrease proportional with the dose in autonomic and central nervous system activity manifested by in decrease urination frequency and fecal boluses, disturbance of vestibular system ,increase of time needed for 180° turning upward to avoid slope, and defect in degree of cognitive function of exploration , and neuromuscular compatibility with disturbance of locomotor activity( proportional with dose and period of exposure) .While T1 showed significant effect in disturbance of vestibular system ,increase of time needed for 180° turning upward to avoid slope,and righting reflex , and neuromuscular compatibility with disturbance of locomotor activity( proportional with dose and period of exposure) ,while there were no significant change in other parameters above at that period.In conclusion this study revealed that digoxin of both dose 5mcg/kg and10 mcg/kg in caused abnormal neurobehaviord effect propotinal with the dose and period of expouser even at the therapeutic dose that indicate the precaution in using such drug.
Study comparison analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous and alcoholic leaves extract of Lawsonia inermis L. (Henna) with ketoprofen in male albino rats
Authors: Humaish Haider 
Published: August 2023

The pain considered is an important signs for many medical condition which is reduced by using analgesic drugs, that act either locally or systemically via central nervous system, that may have many harmful side effects. This study was carried out to evaluate the analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect of both aqueous and alcoholic extract of Lawsonia inermis L. and comparing with one of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) Ketoprofen by using hot plate test, tail immersion method, and study ability of aqueous and alcoholic extract to reduce writhing induced by acetic acid injection. Also, study the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity of henna extract in formalin-induced paw edema . Twenty four Wister rats were used which divided randomly into four equal groups, first group served as control negative treated with distal water, second, control positive, injected with ketoprofen (8 mg/kg B.W.) third group treated with aqueous extract and fourth group treated with methanolic extract (200 mg/kg B.W.) in addition to the ketoprofen. At the end of experiment, the results clarified that alcoholic extract of henna has similar effect of ketoprofen via significant increase (P<0.05) in reaction time to hot plate and tail withdrawal from hot water. Moreover, the results explained significant decrease (P<0.05) in the writhes count( abdominal constriction). As well as, the ability of alcoholic extract to significant (P<0.05 ) reduce body temperature comparing with control group. Likewise, the result revealed that alcoholic extract of Lawsonia inermis has anti-inflammatory activity by significant (P<0.05 ) reduction in edema size induced by formalin injection in paw skin, and Tumor necrosis factor alpha. (TNF-α). Thus, the results of current study illustrated that methanolic extract of Lawsonia inermis has central and peripheral analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity comparing with control group.
Detection the genetic relation between several fungal isolates by using a universal ITS primers
Authors: AL-Ezerjawi Nihad Habeeb.Mutlag , Samaka Hayder , Alrufae Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

The goal of this study is to evaluate the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) of the rDNA to detect a phylogenetic relationshep based on PCR technique between four isolates of Trichoderma viride, Chaetumium elatum and tow isolates (pathogen and non-pathogen strains) of Rhizoctonia solani obtained from tomato plant rhizosphere, rice plant rhizosphere and root rotted tomato plants fields of Al-Najaf province, Iraq.Internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique using a set of common universal primers for ITS1, ITS3 and ITS4 regions. Two of three different random primers examined (primers 3 and 4) reflected a specific amplicons within Rhizoctonia solani(1), Chaetumium elatum , and Trichoderma viride, while the primer 1 did not give any PCR end product with all of tested isolates, while Rhizoctonia solani(2) isolates did not revealed any band detected in PCR technique with all primers, also data showing a diferent degree of genetic similarity depanding on PCR data analysis using UVIBand softwear.Results of this study indicate that ITS set of primers can used to find a genetic relation between fungi.
Benzene histotoxic and teratogenic Effects in exposed Mice
Authors: Kadhim Hussamadin , Al-Shammari Ahmed Majeed , Tawfeeq Amer , Mohammad Maeda , Hassan Ayman 
Published: August 2023

Throughout the last two decades, benzene was a prominent source of an occupational and environmental pollution in Iraq. Especially from direct contact with private electric generators which were installed closer to homes or even inside every home in Iraq. As a result of handling without taking enough precautions, environmental threat has increased due to serious toxic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects of benzene. Toxicity, carcinogenicity and teratogenicity of this chemical carcinogen were experimented in Swiss albino mice by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Six-week-old male mice were used as a model for toxicity and carcinogenicity together with female mice were treated with benzene, and newborns were sacrificed to study the teratogenic impact. During a period of three months, twice per week, male mice were injected with two doses (0.1% and 0.2%) of benzene diluted with corn oil. Female mice were also treated with (0.1% and 0.2%) of benzene on day 7 prior to gestation at 72 hr intervals for one month and sacrificed 10 days after labor. At the end of experiment, sections of different organs were histopathologically observed and significant changes were noticed. Dose-related changes were detected during examination of males' liver showing hepatocyte swelling, degeneration and fibrosis and similarly glomerular enlargement and tubular necrosis of the kidney. New born mice liver sections showed a significant liver and kidney histological changes. These results may explain a correlation between tumor incidence and transplacental benzene exposure in mice and shade the light on the potential health risks that Iraqi community exposed to.Conclusions: When the researchers take into account the degree of damage resulted from direct exposing Albino mice to benzene for a limited period of time, there will be a reasonable wariness because of the increasing level of toxicity and carcinogenicity in the Iraqi environment.
Histoarchilecture Of Skin In Guinea Pig
Authors: Alhacham Eman Ibrahim Dale 
Published: August 2023

The study aimes to described the histological stricture of skin in guinea pig an differention between thick and thin skin of different body regions , utilizing of (10) cutaneous specimens were taking from (6)anatomical regions including most of body which are abdomen , back, nose , ear , palmer pad and plantar pad. As the results revealed that the epidermis was thin in (ear ,abdomen and back) it composed of four secondary layers including from lower to upper: stratum Basale, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Granulosum, and Stratum Corneum, while it was thick epidermis in nose, plantar pad , the palmer pad ,which characterized by presence of Stratum Lucidum beside the previous four layers. The study revealed a marked variation in the thickness of epidermis of the different skin regions: the thickest epidermis was in plantar pad (43.2) µm, on the contrary, the epidermis of ear region was found to be the thinnest 31.6 µm.it was also observed a direct relation between the whole thickness of the epidermis and the thickness of the Stratum corneum in all of the studied skin regions. Also we notice that the dermis composed of two essential layers. The superficial thin papillary layer which is located directly under the basement membrane and it's formed of loose and relatively cellular connective tissue and it included dermal papillae which is formed because the waves of basement membrane in different degree in anatomical regions and deep thick reticular layer which consists thick collagen fibers bundles that run parallel to the skin surface. The highest thickness of the dermis was observed in the plantar pad (36) µm, while it is reduced in the abdomen skin to (4) µm, the thickness of the other regions ranging between those two extremes .The study also clear the presence of carbohydrates in dermis more than epidermis as well as the epidermis – dermal junction is delicate in thin skin while dens in thick skin.
Biochemical changes related with retention of fetal membranes in Iraqi buffaloes
Authors: Al-Yasiri E.A 
Published: August 2023

The present study was performed in 36 Iraqi buffaloes, which were divided into 4 equal groups each of 9 buffaloes. 1st group were suffered from Retention of fetal membranes after calving for 24hrs, 2nd group were suffered from RFMs after calving for 48hrs and 3rd group were suffered from RFMs after calving for 72hrs and 9 buffaloes were left as a control group (without retained). Blood samples were taken to estimate some serum biochemical (metabolites, ions and hormones) constituents, from all groups. Glucose and cholesterol were significantly higher (P<0.01) in control group in compared with infected groups and there were no significant differences (P<0.01) in glucose and cholesterol levels between the three groups of RFMs, while total protein were significantly lower (P<0.01) in the 3rd group compared with the 1st and 2nd groups and it was significantly higher (P<0.01) in control group in compared with infected groups. There were no significant differences (P<0.01) between the infected groups and with control group in the level of urea, as for ions, there were a significantly lower value of (Ca, Na and Mg) in the infected groups compared with control group, while potassium were significantly lower in the 2nd and 3rd groups compared with the 1st group, and it was significantly higher in control group in compared with the infected groups. There were no significant differences in progesterone and estrogen concentration between the infected groups, and they were significantly higher (P<0.01) in control group compared with the infected groups. In conclusion: RFMs leads to significantly (P<0.01) decline in biochemical's, ions and hormonal components in Iraqi buffaloes, and this decline has a diagnostic importance that it could be benefit to expect the occurrence of RFMs and make a preventive measure to prevent RFMs in Iraqi buffaloes
Curing of some Antibiotic Resistance by the Action of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate and Ethidium bromide in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from urine of human, cow meat and horses wound
Authors: Saleh Zeena Fouad 
Published: August 2023

Thirty seven isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Twenty-two isolates were collected from urine in Al-Diywania teaching hospital, eleven isolates from cow meat and four isolates from wound horses. They were identified using the Vitek 2, for detecting characteristics of the biochemical tests and morphological appearance. All isolates resisted to Nalidixic acid, Oxacillin ,Vancomycin, Ampicillin, and Ciprofloxacin , while show sensitive to Kanamycin and Tetracycline. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of two curing agents, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and ethidium bromide, used in this study were determined and the results indicated that the curing percentage and efficiency of each curing agent was determined. From treatment with 700 μg/ml ethidium bromide, it was observed that no cured cells were obtained for all antibiotics used and obtained for all antibiotics used by SDS at a concentration of (1, 0.9, 0.8)% (W/V) where had no effect on plasmid curing and bacterial cells complete lysis, the isolates appeared sensitive to (0.5,0.6 and 0.7)% concentration of SDS were Nalidixic acid 10mg was (35.1, 94.5 and 100) %, Vancomycin 30mg ( 59.4, 86.4 and 100) %, Kanamycin 30mg was (97.2, 100,100)% and Tetracycline 30mg was (75.6, 100 and 100)% respectively , no there sensitivity for each Oxacillin 30mg , Ciprofloxacin 5mg and Ampicillin 10mg.
Comparative Study of the clinical effects of Levofloxacin and Spiramycin on induced colibacellosis in chicken
Authors: Al Safi Shatha mousa mlaghee , Kafi Lubna Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

The study is mainly focusing to find the sensitivity and efficacy of levofloxacin or Spiramycin on induced colibacellosis in chicken at therapeutic dose for 5 days, Sixty four, 28 day old broiler chicks of mixed sexes were used in the study. They were placed in the animal house at Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kufa University. The clinical signs developed after 12 hours in all the inoculated groups. Mortality in all the groups started after 16 -24 h of inoculation .After 12day period the body weight of group treatment with Levofloxacin animals significantly backed to normal values. While animals in group treated with Spiramycin did not indicate improvement in body weight after 12 days of treatment with Spiramycin. The mortality rate in unmedicated group was high as compared to medicated groups, Levofloxacin more effective against Colibacellosis as compared to Spiramycin. Aim of the study Our studies evaluate the available therapies, and its effectiveness and safety of levofloxacin and compares’ with old antibiotic like Spiramycin.
Comparative study of residues of Levofloxacin and Spiramycin in normal and infected tissues of chicken by HPLC
Authors: Al safi Shatha Mousa Mlaghee , Kafi Lubna Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare the residues of Levofloxacin and Spiramycin in chicken plasma, kidney and breast muscle tissues by HPLC assay in( normal and infected tissues with E coli)at ( 0,3,5,8) day. After the last therapeutic dose. Sixty broiler chicken with 30 days old of mixed sexes were used in the study. They were divided in to 5 groups: control group (non- infected – non treated),normal birds received levofloxacin at 10 mg per kg body weight orally for five days, birds received Spiramycin (15mg/ kg) body weight orally for five days, Birds were challenged with E. coli and treated orally with Levofloxacin , Birds were challenged with E. coli and treated orally with Spiramycin . and placed in the animal house at Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kufa University .The result of residue concentration of two drugs were gradually decreased in all tissue samples from day zero to day eight after the last dose .Concentration in kidney more than muscle tissue for two drugs levofloxacin and Spiramycin and concentration in infected tissue more than normal tissue(µg/gm) ,levofloxacin concentration were( 0.069±0.002,0.106±0.004 )( µg/gm). in normal and infection kidney respectively in day 5 after the last therapeutic dose 10mg/kg /B.W orally for 5 days ,which less than maximum residue limit ( MRL), (0.2µg/gm).Will Spiramycin concentration in infected and normal kidney tissue in day five after the last dose with therapeutic dose 60000 IU/kg/B.W were0.720 ±0.06 ,0.349±0.03 respectivly,more thanMRL(0.30µg/gm),therefore the levofloxacin,less residue in tissues and low withdrawal time. Thane Spiramycin .Aim of the study:This work study the safety of two drug by estimation residue in plasma and tissue andwithdrawal timefor normal case and infected animals with avian E coli.Following oral administration at the therapeutic dose for five days in the chicken.
Ameliorative Effect of Fenugreek on sex hormones in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Female Rats Induced by Letrozole
Authors: Alkalby Jassim , Hamzah Fouad 
Published: August 2023

The present study was carried out in the animal house of the College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Basrah to investigate the role of the treatment with metformin (Met), ethanolic extract of fenugreek (FN) each alone and their combination on the sex hormones changes in polycystic ovary syndrome induced in female rats. For this purpose, the study included two experiment. First experiment aimed to determine the changes in the hormones concentration of pituitary ovarian axis associated with PCOS, induced by letrozole in rats. Fifty six adult female rats randomly divided in to two group, first group (n=16) administrated 0.5% carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) 0.2ml/rat/orally by gavage and served as control group and second group (n=40) administered Letrozole (1mg/kg B.W/day) dissolved in 1ml of 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) orally by gavage for 21 days to induced PCOS. Vaginal smear examination of all female rats was done to ensure the occurrence of PCOS. At the end of the experiment eight rats of each group were sacrificed. Blood samples were collected and serum were separated for hormonal assay. The results revealed a significant increase in serum concentration of luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) in PCOS group compared with control group. On other hand a significant decrease in serum concentration of estrogen (E2), and progesterone (P4) in PCOS group compared with control.
Analgesic and Anti- Inflammatory Effects of Hydro Alcoholic Extract of (Syzygium aromaticum) in Albino Mice
Authors: Al-ameedi Ali , Faris Jwad , Rabee Ali , Naji Hawraa , Obayes Amer , Obaid Walaa 
Published: August 2023

The study was carried out to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of an hydro alcoholic syzygium aromaticum extract (SAE) .The analgesic activity was measured by using the hot plate test with Twenty four (24) mice divided randomly into four groups , T1, T2 received 100 , 200 mg /kg.bw of (SAE) while T3 dosed 50 mg /kg.bw of diclofanic acid and T4 used as control negative and dosed distilled water (D.W.) . The anti-inflammatory activity was measured by using formalin test with Twenty four (24) mice divided randomly into four groups , T1and T2 dosed with 100 and 200 mg /kg.bw respectively of (SAE) while T3 group dosed 0.3 mg/kg.bw of meloxicam and T4 dosed with (D.W.) , (all groups dosed orally before half hour of test) and then calculate the time of analgesia and anti-inflammatory effects . The result showed there is significant increase(p˂0.05) in time of analgesia and significant decreases (p˂0.05) in number of licking in animal exposed to (SAE) comparing with that of control , also there is significant increase(p˂0.05) in time of analgesia and decrease in licking in animals received diclofanic acid and meloxicam respectively comparing with those received (SAE) and D.W the increase was dose dependent manner. In conclusion the hydro-alcoholic extract of clove E.C showed analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect
Histological Study Of Many Branches Of Aorta In Local Dog
Authors: Hasab Fatima , Al-Asadi Fawzi 
Published: August 2023

The aorta is the main artery in the body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and extending down to the abdomen ,the study aimed to classify the regions and the main branches of the aorta anatomically and histologically by several technique .Twenty doges (13-14 kg) weight and approximately (1.5 year) age collected from basra market of animals ,after the anaesthesed the animals the aorta dissected and the specimen where fixed in formalin solution 10% for 48 hr or 72 hr , after that the specimen were washed in tap water until removed all formalin from the section ,made several histological section about 10 (mm) and stained with H&E and special stain such as vangesion ,PAS , Mallory , wegart stain, then the section observed under the light microscope, The result of histological study involved that all part of aorta consist of three tunics and the elastic and muscular density differ with the part of aorta
VACINAÇÃO DURANTE A GRAVIDEZ: COMO AS VACINAS PODEM SER CRUCIAIS PARA PROTEGER A MÃE E O BEBÊ DURANTE A GESTAÇÃO E NOS PRIMEIROS MESES DE VIDA
Authors: Lins Bárbara dos Santos , Nery Rebeca Ferreira , Lima Júnior Marcelo Aguiar , Comin Isadora Torres Sena , Lemos Thiago , Diógenes Diógenes Almeida Queiroz , Escóssio Aline Soares de Siqueira , Escóssio Ney Magno Bezerra , Nunes Kaio César Coelho , Barbosa Pamella Mikaelle Magalhães Lucena de Brito , Monteiro Tiago Araújo 
Published: August 2023

A vacinação durante a gravidez é uma estratégia que tem sido amplamente recomendada por organizações de saúde em todo o mundo. O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a importância da vacinação durante a gravidez, destacando como as vacinas podem ser cruciais para proteger tanto a mãe quanto o bebê durante a gestação e nos primeiros meses de vida. A metodologia de busca foi conduzida por meio da exploração nas bases de dados da Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE). Foram utilizados Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) combinados com o operador booleano AND, seguindo a seguinte abordagem: Vacinas AND Gravidez AND Criança. a vacinação durante a gestação foi associada a uma redução significativa do risco de complicações maternas, como infecções respiratórias e outras doenças imunopreveníveis. Além disso, a vacinação mostrou-se eficaz na prevenção de casos graves de doenças como tétano neonatal e coqueluche em recém-nascidos. A vacinação durante a gravidez é uma estratégia crucial para proteger tanto a mãe quanto o bebê, proporcionando benefícios significativos à saúde materna e neonatal. A revisão integrativa da literatura evidenciou a eficácia da vacinação na gestação, com resultados positivos relacionados à redução do risco de complicações maternas, transmissão de doenças infecciosas e infecções respiratórias no bebê nos primeiros meses de vida.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI METODE BERMAIN PERAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPAS ABAD 21 SISWA KELAS IV SDN 19 MAKARTI JAYA KAB. BANYUASIN
Authors: Apriani Novia , Endie Riyoko  , Kabib Sholeh  
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Identifikasi langkah-langkah metode bermain peran. (2) Implementasi metode bermain peran. (3) Melakukan evaluasi implementasi metode bermain peran dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan angket. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu sebelum mengimplementasi metode bermain peran dalam pembelajaran IPAS diterapkannya langkah-langkah sebagai berikut : tahap penyusunan ATP dan Modul Ajar, menyiapkan alat dan media pembelajaran, menganalisis kurikulum pada mata pelajaran IPAS. Terdapat analisis hasil evaluasi dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT dalam pembelajaran IPAS yaitu ada 4 hal yang meliputi kekuatan (Strengths) salah satunya yaitu pembelajaran lebih menyenangkan, kelemahan (Weaknesses) guru yang masih kesulitan untuk memilih peserta didik yang mempunyai bakat untuk peran yang sesuai dan peserta didik yang masih merasa malu untuk memerankan peran yang dimainkan, peluang (Opportunities) guru yang inovatif mampu mengoptimalkan proses pembelajaran semaksimal mungkin dapat menjadi peluang dalam tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran, ancaman (Threaths) peserta didik yang tidak ikut serta bermain peran akan menjadi pasif.