bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CAISED: A Protocol for Cast-as-Intended Verifiability with a Second Device
Authors: Müller Johannes , Truderung Tomasz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNumerous approaches for cast-as-intended verifiability have been proposed in the literature on electronic voting, balancing practical aspects and security guarantees in different ways. One of the well-established methods involves the use of a second device that allows voters to audit their submitted ballots. This approach offers several benefits, including support for flexible ballot and election types and an intuitive user experience. Moreover, solutions based on this approach are generally adaptable to a range of existing voting protocols, rather than being restricted to a particular election scheme. This approach has been successfully implemented in real-life elections, such as in Estonia [18].In this work, we improve the existing solutions for cast-as-intended verifiability based on the use of a second device. We propose a solution that preserves the advantageous practical properties outlined above, while providing stronger security guarantees. Our method does not increase the risk of vote selling compared to the underlying voting protocol to be augmented, and it requires only comparatively weak trust assumptions to achieve this. It can be combined with various voting protocols, including commitment-based systems that provide everlasting privacy.Overall, our work offers a new option to strengthen cast-as-intended and end-to-end verifiability for real-world Internet elections.
Ambient Assisted Living Service Conception in Nursing Homes: From Reinforced Aging in Place Services Towards Smart Digital Coordination Platform
Authors: Reerink-Boulanger Juliette , Locquet Rémi , Ric Caroline , Somat Alain 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article presents the ethical and responsive governance process designed by the Hospitalité Saint Thomas de Villeneuve to address aging in place services, care and needed support. We will first describe the genesis of a supportive community living services organization and its technical translation into Smart Digital Health Coordination Platform. Secondly, we will highlight the Living Lab methodological approach to support change. Finally, the results section will describe change evaluation program engaged and future work perspectives.
Current State of Access to Assistive Technology and Its Related Services in Dominican Republic: A Pilot Study
Authors: Muñoz Collado Rosanny Araysy , Kim JongBae 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Assistive Technology supply is highly fragmented and almost non-existent in many middle and low-resource settings with limited purchasing and no service delivery systems. In the Dominican Republic, despite the existence of a legal framework on disability, there is no comprehensive source of data about the availability of Assistive technology devices. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate about the access, use, barriers to access and users’ satisfaction of Assistive Technology (AT) in the province of Espaillat, in Dominican Republic. The WHO’s rapid Assistive Technology Assessment tool (rATA) survey was implemented as a stand-alone technique to 15 outpatient of rehabilitation services. Despite the small sample size, the information gathered provides valuable insight into the use of assistive products in the Dominican Republic. The findings of the study highlighted cost-related factors influencing AT access and low level of satisfaction.
Effectiveness of a Korean Smart Home Modification Program: Focused on People with Physical Disabilities
Authors: Moon KwangTae , Kwon Yeong-hun , Kim Jongbae 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the Korean Smart Home Modification Program (KSHMP) on the activities of daily living and health-related quality of life of people with physical disabilities. The study used a single-group pre-post design with 10 people with physical disabilities living at home. During the intervention period, the KSHMP was implemented, which included occupational profile, smart home installation, setup, training, task-based feedback, and monitoring. Post-intervention changes in activities of daily living and health-related quality of life were assessed with the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and EuroQual-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D). After the KSHMP, all 10 subjects improved their activities of daily living and quality of life. In addition, the occupational performance of all subjects was maintained. These results show that a customized smart home has a positive impact on improving the activities of daily living and quality of life of people with retardation and is an efficient alternative.
Real-Time Multiple Object Tracking for Safe Cooking Activities
Authors: Ngankam Hubert , Dion Philippe , Pigot Hélène , Giroux Sylvain 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis work presents a real-time system for tracking multiple object in the context of meal preparation when using the Cognitive Orthosis for CoOKing (COOK). This system is called SafeCOOK. It aims to provide more capabilities to detect some dangerous situations that the current system does not consider. For example, it can locate a utensil or other kitchen object that has been left on the cooking surface of the stove while a meal is being prepared. This system uses a hybrid method based on YOLO and KCF to detect, track and drop cooking utensils as they enter and leave the cooking area, and is capable of monitoring an entire cooktop in real-time with a single camera. The software has been implemented on an embedded platform in the smart stove and has been added to it. The system produces good segmentation and tracking results at a frame rate of 1 to 4 frames per second, as demonstrated in extensive experiments using video sequences under different conditions.
Quantitative Pressure Measurement in Areas at High Risk of Pressure Ulcers in Different Positions: Pilot Study
Authors: Lee Junhee , Yoon Joon Shik 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to quantitatively analyze pressure parameters in different high-risk areas depending on the position. We reviewed the clinical records of trials of 20 healthy adults on a multi-actuated bed accompanied with pressure sensor mat. We collected average, maximal, minimal pressure, and area in the supine and bilateral side-tilt positions. Also, we analyzed the difference between each at-risk area, depending on positions. In the supine position, pressure parameters of the head, shoulders, sacrum, coccyx, and heels showed significant differences, except between the right and left heels. In the right side-tilt position, all pressure measurements of the ear, shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, and lateral ankle were significantly different. In the left side-tilt position, most of the pressure parameters of the ear, shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, and lateral ankle were significantly different, except between the elbow and ankle. We found that frequent position changing is more important than achieving optimum positioning.
PNRG: Knowledge Graph-Driven Methodology for Personalized Nutritional Recommendation Generation
Authors: Lodhi Aminah Bilal , Bilal Muhammad Abdullah , Bilal Hafiz Syed Muhammad , Khan Kifayat Ullah , Satti Fahad Ahmed , Khalid Shah , Lee Sungyoung 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChronic Diseases are a prevalent problem that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a prevalent health condition that requires careful diet and medication management and preventing chronic diseases. Traditional approaches to nutritional recommendation generation often rely on generic guidelines and population-based data, which may not account for individual dietary needs and preferences variations. In this paper, we propose a knowledge graph driven methodology for generating highly personalized nutritional recommendations that leverage the power of knowledge graphs to integrate and analyze complex data about an individual's health, lifestyle, and dietary habits. Our methodology employs a multi-step process that includes data collection and curation, knowledge graph construction, and personalized recommendation generation. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach through a case study in which we generate personalized nutritional recommendations for a sample individual based on their specific health and dietary goals.
For People with Disabilities Who Need Medical Care “Smart Elephant Whole Body Exercise Machine” Development and Clinical Translational Research
Authors: Yang Seungwan , Kim Jongbae 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIt is difficult for inpatient rehabilitation patients to continue to perform rehabilitation exercises in the community after leaving the hospital. This is because various exercise programs, which are not medically proven, do not reflect the specificity of the individual and are performed collectively due to administrative and financial convenience. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the effects of exercise programs using the Smart Elephant total body exercise device and walking on mental and physical outcomes with real-time monitoring to develop a customized rehabilitation exercise program optimized for people with disabilities. To conduct this study, five non-disabled people living in the community were selected to participate in the exercise programs of Intervention A (walking), Intervention B (walking and cycling), and Intervention C (cycling) for 9 weeks to determine the effects on physical function measures, psychosocial, mental and quality of life health outcomes, participants’ feedback and satisfaction surveys, and changes in Electromyography (EMG), Electrodermal Activity (EDA), Temperature (TEMP), and oxygen saturation (SpO2) during the intervention. It is believed that it can be used as a basis for customized rehabilitation exercise that provides a validated rehabilitation exercise service model for people with disabilities in the community.
Cardiovascular System
Authors: Zucchetta Pietro , Israel Ora 
Published: September 2023

AbstractScintigraphy of the cardiovascular system in children is less common than in adults, reflecting the different nature and prevalence of cardiac diseases in paediatrics. Congenital malformations of the heart and their effect on cardiac and pulmonary functions and on myocardial perfusion are common indications in children. The first pass study is an investigation that can detect and quantify cardiac left-to-right shunts. It is used only in selected cases. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS), with or without physical or pharmacological stress, provides important information on blood supply to the myocardium. It can also evaluate myocardial contractility with gated SPECT. The gated cardiac blood pool scan, also known as radionuclide ventriculography or multigated acquisition (MUGA) scan assesses the cardiac blood pool synchronized to the child’s ECG and allows measurement of the left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). In most centres, this study has been replaced in the last decade by echocardiography and MRI to assess the quality of the ventricular contraction and is therefore not discussed further in this chapter (Milanesi et al., Semin Nucl Med 47(2): 158–169, 2017; Venet et al., Front Pediatr 10: 909994, 2022). Vascular anomalies in children include benign tumors such as infantile hemangiomas and hemangioendotheliomas as well as low and high-flow vascular malformations. Whole-body blood pool scintigraphy with focused SPECT or SPECT/CT provides specific diagnosis for vascular anomalies and is commonly used in conjunction with radiological imaging methods, especially when those are inconclusive.
Pulmonary System
Authors: Bar-Sever Zvi , Zucchetta Pietro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLung scintigraphy entails a perfusion scan, a ventilation scan, or a combination of both. These studies provide qualitative and quantitative information on changes in lung perfusion and ventilation that may occur in various congenital and acquired conditions. They are used for initial assessment, for follow up and for evaluation of therapeutic interventions. Perfusion scans assess the blood flow distribution in the lungs. These studies are performed following the intravenous (IV) injection of radiolabelled microparticles that occlude pre-capillary arterioles. They provide useful visual and semi-quantitative information on lung perfusion physiology and pathophysiology. Ventilation scans assess the airspaces of the lungs. They are performed by inhalation of either radiolabelled aerosols or radioactive gases. Imaging with radiolabelled gases allows dynamic scintigraphy with a single breath, rebreathing (equilibrium) and washout phases that can occasionally provide useful information. The inclusion of SPECT and SPECT/CT in perfusion and ventilation scans significantly enhances the diagnostic utility of these studies. Pulmonary embolism, the most common indication for lung scintigraphy in adults, is far less common in children. Most lung scans in children are performed to evaluate the impact of congenital heart and lung conditions on pulmonary function and to assess the effects of corrective procedures.
Genitourinary Tract
Authors: De Palma Diego , Pascual Thomas Neil 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCongenital and acquired pathologies of the urinary tract are among the most common pediatric diseases. Renal radionuclide studies are a cornerstone of the evaluation of these pediatric abnormalities, being simple and safe tests, and providing unique clinical information. Dynamic renography is commonly performed in conjunction with furosemide pharmacological intervention, assesses the relative kidney function and the drainage from kidneys and ureter, Renal cortical scintigraphy evaluates congenital and acquired abnormalities in the renal parenchyma. Direct and indirect radionuclide cystography are used to evaluate vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Non-imaging radionuclide GFR measurements using a single tracer administration are more precise than biochemical tests. The latter requires an experienced team and rigorous methodology.
Rassismus und Diskriminierung im Kontext gesundheitlicher Ungleichheit – ein narratives Review
Authors: Kajikhina Katja , Koschollek Carmen , Bozorgmehr Kayvan , Sarma Navina , Hövener Claudia 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungRassismus und Diskriminierung als soziale Determinanten der Gesundheit stehen auch in Deutschland zunehmend im Fokus der Public-Health-Forschung. Studien zeigen Zusammenhänge mit physischer und psychischer Gesundheit bis hin zu Veränderungen auf zellulärer Ebene auf. Neben den gesundheitsschädigenden Effekten interpersoneller und direkter Diskriminierung ist die Relevanz des strukturellen und institutionellen Rassismus für die gesundheitliche Ungleichheit bislang nur wenig beleuchtet. Im Rahmen einer narrativen Übersichtsarbeit werden relevante und aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse zusammengestellt und kritisch diskutiert sowie Handlungsempfehlungen für Forschung und Praxis abgeleitet.Strukturelle und institutionelle Aspekte von Diskriminierung und Rassismus stehen in engem Zusammenhang mit der gesundheitlichen Lage. So steht die systematische Benachteiligung in den Bereichen Bildung, Arbeit, Wohnen sowie Gesundheitsversorgung im Zusammenhang mit der allgemeinen, psychischen und physischen Gesundheit, mit der Inanspruchnahme von Präventions- und Versorgungsleistungen sowie mit dem Gesundheitsverhalten.Eine Analyse der Verschränkung von Lebens‑, Wohn- und Arbeitsbedingungen mit der gesundheitlichen Lage von Menschen mit (und ohne) Migrationsgeschichte – generell und in Verbindung mit Rassismus und Diskriminierung – erscheint notwendig, um gezielte Maßnahmen im Hinblick auf Verhältnisprävention abzuleiten, statt auf bloße Verhaltensprävention zu fokussieren. Neben praktischen Interventionen (Trainings, Aufklärungsarbeit, communitybasierten Ansätzen) ist die Weiterentwicklung methodischer Aspekte im Bereich der Erhebung und Analyse von Daten wichtig, um dieser Problemlage umfassend in Forschung und Praxis zu begegnen.
Financial Barriers to Surgical Conferences: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis of Registration Fees
Authors: Oiknine Noah , Vervoort Dominique , Ma Xiya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundScientific meetings provide much educational value to participants of all career stages. There is a paucity of literature surrounding the costs of attending scientific meetings and how this may affect participation, especially among trainees. The objective of this study is to assess the accessibility of surgical conferences for attendees by analyzing costs related to surgical society membership and conference registration.MethodsSocietal membership and conference registration fee data were collected according to career stage (i.e., student, resident, fellow, and staff) for the fourteen surgical specialties recognized by the American College of Surgeons (ACS). Fees for participants from low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) and for virtual‐only attendance options were also collected when available.ResultsOverall, we included data from 46 surgical societies (32 North American, 14 European or global). The median conference fees for students in the member and non‐member categories were 191.55 USD (IQR 42.22–320.99) and 452.40 USD (IQR 294.06–555.00), respectively, representing a 136.2% price increase if not a member. Median conference fees for residents, fellows, and staff in the member category were 65.5%, 66.9%, and 230.9% greater than that for students, respectively. Median prices for residents, fellows, and staff in the non‐member category were 49.9%, 54.9%, and 49.9% greater than that for member trainees of the same category, respectively.ConclusionsOur results highlight the substantial costs associated with attending surgical conferences, especially for trainees, representing a significant barrier to already financially burdened trainees, especially those from LMICs, smaller institutions, or less well‐off backgrounds.
The effect of dispersal on asymptotic total population size in discrete- and continuous-time two-patch models
Authors: Grumbach Carolin , Reurik Femke N. , Segura Juan , Franco Daniel , Hilker Frank M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMany populations occupy spatially fragmented landscapes. How dispersal affects the asymptotic total population size is a key question for conservation management and the design of ecological corridors. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of two-patch models with symmetric dispersal and two standard density-dependent population growth functions, one in discrete and one in continuous time. A complete analysis of the discrete-time model reveals four response scenarios of the asymptotic total population size to increasing dispersal rate: (1) monotonically beneficial, (2) unimodally beneficial, (3) beneficial turning detrimental, and (4) monotonically detrimental. The same response scenarios exist for the continuous-time model, and we show that the parameter conditions are analogous between the discrete- and continuous-time setting. A detailed biological interpretation offers insight into the mechanisms underlying the response scenarios that thus improve our general understanding how potential conservation efforts affect population size.
Large Amplitude Radially Symmetric Spots and Gaps in a Dryland Ecosystem Model
Authors: Byrnes Eleanor , Carter Paul , Doelman Arjen , Liu Lily 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe construct far-from-onset radially symmetric spot and gap solutions in a two-component dryland ecosystem model of vegetation pattern formation on flat terrain, using spatial dynamics and geometric singular perturbation theory. We draw connections between the geometry of the spot and gap solutions with that of traveling and stationary front solutions in the same model. In particular, we demonstrate the instability of spots of large radius by deriving an asymptotic relationship between a critical eigenvalue associated with the spot and a coefficient which encodes the sideband instability of a nearby stationary front. Furthermore, we demonstrate that spots are unstable to a range of perturbations of intermediate wavelength in the angular direction, provided the spot radius is not too small. Our results are accompanied by numerical simulations and spectral computations.
Identifying dominant flow features from very-sparse Lagrangian data: a multiscale recurrence network-based approach
Authors: Iacobello Giovanni , Rival David E. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Realistic fluid flow problems often require that Lagrangian tracers are deployed in a sparse or very-sparse manner, such as for oceanic and atmospheric flows where large-scale motion needs characterisation. Data sparsity represents a significant issue in Lagrangian analysis, especially for data-driven methods that rely heavily on large datasets. We propose a multiscale spatial recurrence network (MSRN) methodology for characterising very-sparse Lagrangian data, which exploits individual tracks and a spatial recurrence criterion to identify the spatio-temporal complexity of tracer trajectories. The MSRN is an unsupervised modelling framework that does not require a priori parameter setting, and—through the quantification of persistent link activation at specific trajectory intervals—can reveal the presence of dominant looping scales in a variety of salient fluid flows. This new paradigm is shown to be successful for the study of Lagrangian tracers seeded in complex (realistic) flows, including unsteady and advection-dominated problems. This makes MSRNs an effective and versatile tool to characterise sensor trajectories in key problems such as environmental processes critical to understanding and mitigating climate change.

Graphic abstract
Characteristics of clustered heavy precipitation events at Northeast China and associated atmospheric circulations
Authors: Jiang Shunli , Han Tingting , Zhou Botao , Zhang Qiushi , Hao Xin , Li Huixin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHeavy precipitation events can exert greater impact than general precipitation on the economy, ecology, and people’s livelihoods. Based on CN05.1 daily precipitation data and the NCEP/NCAR global daily reanalysis dataset, this study analyzes the characteristics of clustered heavy precipitation (CHP) events during summer in Northeast China (NEC) during 1961–2020, with consideration of associated atmospheric circulations and moisture transport. Results indicate that CHP events occurred mainly during midsummer, especially in July. Both the frequency and the intensity of CHP events decrease after the mid-1970s, increase after the early 1980s, and then diminish again after the 2000s. The CHP events occur in association with an anomalous lower-tropospheric cyclone centered over NEC, northward and westward shifts of the western North Pacific subtropical high in the middle troposphere, and northward shift of an intensified westerly jet in the upper troposphere, in conjunction with strengthened local convective motion. Additionally, the net moisture budget begins to increase 2 days before the occurrence of CHP and peaks 6 h earlier than the CHP. Further results indicate that net moisture influx across the southern boundary of NEC made a dominant contribution to the net moisture budget. The results of this study have importance regarding the prediction of CHP events over NEC.