bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of hypocalcemia with in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gu Fang , Zhao Wenyan , Duan Xiangjie , Zhang Ying , Luo Xiaoming , Chen Guoqing , Jin Xiaoli , Pan Hangli , Gao Faliang , Wu Huadong 
Published: January 2023

Background and purposeThere was little evidence to study the relationship between hypocalcemia and mortality among critically ill patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) aged ≥16 years. This study aimed to determine the potential association between hypocalcemia and in-hospital and ICU mortality in patients with ICH in the United States.MethodsWe analyzed 1,954 patients with ICH from the e-Intensive Care Unit Collaborative Research Database and divided them into hypocalcemia and non-hypocalcemia groups. Hypocalcemia was defined as albumin-adjusted total calcium below 8.4 mg/dl. The primary and secondary outcomes were hospital and ICU mortality, respectively. We performed multivariable regression and subgroup analyses to evaluate the association of hypocalcemia with hospital and ICU mortality. Cumulative survival rate analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier curves with log-rank statistics.ResultsWe enrolled 1,954 patients with ICH who had been hospitalized in ICU for &gt;24 h and were older than 16 years (average age, 61.8 years; men, 56.7%). We noted that 373 (19%) hospital mortality occurred, including 235 (12%) ICU mortality. In this sample, 195 patients had hypocalcemia. Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that hypocalcemia was associated with a 67% increased risk of in-hospital and a 72% increased risk of ICU mortality. This association was consistent across subgroup analyses.ConclusionsHypocalcemia was associated with a high risk of hospital and ICU mortality among critically ill patients with ICH. Future prospective, randomized, controlled studies are needed to confirm our results.
Intracranial angioplasty with a self-expandable stent for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhong Cai , Chen Shijian , Zhang Jian , Luo Shuguang , Ye Ziming , Liu Yayuan , Pang Linlin , Dong Zimei , Qin Chao 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundIntracranial angioplasty with a self-expandable stent (SES) is an important endovascular therapy for symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis. We sought to update the evaluation of the perioperative safety and long-term outcomes of self-expandable stent for the treatment of symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis.MethodsWe comprehensively searched the published literature from each database through Sept 16, 2022, for the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Clinical Trials databases. The characteristics of the studies and patients, perioperative complications, and long-term outcomes were extracted. The pooled outcomes and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by Stata Statistical Software 14.0.ResultsA total of 4,632 patients from 58 studies were included. The pooled rate of perioperative stroke or death was 6.32% (95% CI 5.04-7.72%); ischemic stroke beyond 30 days through 1 year was 2.72% (95% CI 1.41–4.38%). Perioperative complications differed between the 2014-2022 and 2005-2013 subgroups, as did long-term outcomes between the off-label SES and Wingspan subgroups.ConclusionThe perioperative complications of intracranial angioplasty with SES have been reduced, but the risk of perioperative stroke or death is still higher than that of aggressive medical therapy, and additional studies are needed to determine whether it has better long-term outcomes than aggressive medical therapy. Perioperative complications varied between the 2014-2022 and 2005-2013 subgroups, as did long-term outcomes between the off-label SES and Wingspan subgroups. Given the high level of heterogeneity observed between the included studies, these results should be interpreted with caution and additional studies are needed.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42022316066.
Electrophysiological biomarkers and age characterize phenotypic heterogeneity among individuals with major depressive disorder
Authors: Key Alexandra P. , Thornton-Wells Tricia A. , Smith Daniel G. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Despite the high need for effective treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD), the development of novel medicines is hampered by clinical, genetic and biological heterogeneity, unclear links between symptoms and neural dysfunction, and tenuous biomarkers for clinical trial contexts of use.Methods: In this study, we examined the International Study to Predict Optimized Treatment in Depression (iSPOT-D) clinical trial database for new relationships between auditory event-related potential (ERP) responses, demographic features, and clinical symptoms and behavior, to inform strategies for biomarker-driven patient stratification that could be used to optimize future clinical trial design and drug development strategy in MDD.Results: We replicate findings from previous analyses of the classic auditory oddball task in the iSPOT-D sample showing smaller than typical N1 and P300 response amplitudes and longer P300 latencies for target and standard stimuli in patients with MDD, suggesting altered bottom-up sensory and top-down attentional processes. We further demonstrate that age is an important contributor to clinical group differences, affecting both topographic distribution of the clinically informative ERP responses and the types of the stimuli sensitive to group differences. In addition, the observed brain-behavior associations indicate that levels of anxiety and stress are major contributing factors to atypical sensory and attentional processing among patients with MDD, particularly in the older subgroups.Discussion: Our novel findings support the possibility of accelerated cognitive aging in patients with MDD and identify the frontal P300 latency as an additional candidate biomarker of MDD. These results from a large, well-phenotyped sample support the view that heterogeneity of the clinical population with MDD can be systematically characterized based on age and neural biomarkers of sensory and attentional processing, informing patient stratification strategies in the design of clinical trials.
Alterations of degree centrality and functional connectivity in classic trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Liu Hao , Zheng Ruiping , Zhang Yong , Zhang Beibei , Hou Haiman , Cheng Jingliang , Han Shaoqiang 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesRecent neuroimaging studies have indicated a wide range of structural and regional functional alterations in patients with classic trigeminal neuralgia (CTN). However, few studies have focused on the intrinsic functional characteristics of network organization in the whole brain. Therefore, the present study aimed to characterize the potential intrinsic dysconnectivity pattern of the whole brain functional networks at the voxel level using the degree centrality (DC) analysis in CTN patients.MethodsThirty-four patients with CTN and twenty-nine well-matched healthy controls (HCs) participated in this study. All subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-MRI) examination and clinical and neuropsychologic assessments. DC is a graph theory-based measurement that represents the overall functional connectivity (FC) numbers between one voxel and other brain voxels. We first investigated brain regions exhibiting abnormal DC, and further identified their perturbation on FC with other brain regions using a seed-based FC analysis in patients with CTN. In addition, correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between the abnormal DC value and clinical variables in CTN patients.ResultsCompared with the HCs, the patients with CTN exhibited significantly greater DC values in the right pallidum and right putamen, and lower DC values in the right lingual gyrus, right calcarine sulcus, left paracentral lobule, and left midcingulate cortex. A further seed-based FC analysis revealed that the right lingual gyrus showed decreased FC within the visual network and with other core brain networks, including the sensorimotor network, default mode network, and salience network, relative to HCs. Additionally, the left midcingulate cortex exhibited decreased FC within the middle cingulate cortex and the visual network in CTN patients. Moreover, the DC value in the left midcingulate cortex was negatively correlated with the illness duration.ConclusionThe present study shows that CTN patients exhibited specific functional connectivity network alterations in the basal ganglia, visual network, and salience network, which may reflect the aberrant neural network communication in pain processing and modulation. These findings may provide novel insight for understanding the mechanisms of pain chronicity in CTN patients.
Frequency-dependent functional alterations in people living with HIV with early stage of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder
Authors: Wang Wei , Liu Dan , Wang Yuanyuan , Li Ruili , Liu Jiaojiao , Liu Mingming , Wang Huasong , Li Hongjun 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundHIV enters the brain soon after seroconversion and causes HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). However, the pathogenesis of this insidious impairment at an early stage remains unclear.ObjectivesTo explore functional integration and segregation changes at the early stages of HAND, voxel-level indices of regional homogeneity (ReHo), the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) under two different frequency bands (slow-5: 0.01–0.027 Hz; slow-4: 0.027–0.073 Hz) were analyzed.MethodsNinety-eight people living with HIV (PLWH) and 44 seronegative controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Furthermore, all PLWHs underwent neuropsychological and daily functioning tests. The main effect of the group and the interaction between the group and frequency band were investigated. Finally, the relationship between the altered indices and the cognitive domains was explored.ResultsA significant group-by-frequency interaction was demonstrated in the right thalamus for ReHo; for VMHC, the interaction was observed in the bilateral precuneus and paracentral gyrus. The post hoc Bonferroni test indicated that the alteration of ReHo and VMHC could only be detected in slow-5. PLWH showed significantly reduced ALFF in both the frequency bands in the right occipital gyrus and right calcarine. Moreover, some altered functional integration and segregation indices are related to impaired cognitive function.ConclusionPeople living with HIV displayed aberrant functional integration and segregation at the early stages of HAND, which is linked to cognitive function. The frequency band of slow-5 might be more sensitive for detecting insidious damage at an early stage.
Almond intake alters the acute plasma dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid (DiHOME) response to eccentric exercise
Authors: Nieman David C. , Omar Ashraf M. , Kay Colin D. , Kasote Deepak M. , Sakaguchi Camila A. , Lkhagva Ankhbayar , Weldemariam Mehari Muuz , Zhang Qibin 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThis investigation determined if 4-weeks ingestion of nutrient-dense almonds mitigated post-exercise inflammation and muscle soreness and damage.MethodsAn acute 90-min of eccentric exercise (90-EE) was used to induce muscle damage in 64 non-obese adults not engaging in regular resistance training (ages 30–65 years, BMI &lt; 30 kg/m2). Using a parallel group design, participants were randomized to almond (AL) (57 g/d) or cereal bar (CB) (calorie matched) treatment groups for a 4-week period prior to the 90-EE (17 exercises). Blood and 24-h urine samples were collected before and after supplementation, with additional blood samples collected immediately post-90-EE, and then daily during 4 additional days of recovery. Changes in plasma oxylipins, urinary gut-derived phenolics, plasma cytokines, muscle damage biomarkers, mood states, and exercise performance were assessed.ResultsThe 90-EE protocol induced significant muscle damage, delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), inflammation, reduced strength and power performance, and mood disturbance. Interaction effects (2 group × 7 time points) supported that AL vs. CB was associated with reduced post-exercise fatigue and tension (p = 0.051, 0.033, respectively) and higher levels of leg-back strength (p = 0.029). No group differences were found for post-90-EE increases in DOMS and six cytokines. AL was associated with lower levels of serum creatine kinase immediately- and 1-day post-exercise (p = 0.034 and 0.013, respectively). The 90-EE bout increased plasma levels immediately post-exercise for 13 oxylipins. Interaction effects revealed significantly higher levels for AL vs. CB for 12,13-DiHOME (p &lt; 0.001) and lower levels for 9,10-DiHOME (p &lt; 0.001). Urine levels increased in AL vs. CB for seven gut-derived phenolics including 5-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone that was inversely related to changes in plasma 9,10-DiHOME (r = −0.029, p = 0.021).DiscussionThese data support some positive effects of almond intake in improving mood state, retaining strength, decreasing muscle damage, increasing the generation of gut-derived phenolic metabolites, and altering the plasma oxylipin DiHOME response to unaccustomed eccentric exercise in untrained adults. The elevated post-exercise plasma levels of 12,13-DiHOME with almond intake support positive metabolic outcomes for adults engaging in unaccustomed eccentric exercise bouts.
Natural deep eutectic solvent-ultrasound assisted extraction: A green approach for ellagic acid extraction from Geum japonicum
Authors: Yang Zhao , Yue Shi-Jun , Gao Huan , Zhang Qiao , Xu Ding-Qiao , Zhou Jing , Li Jia-Jia , Tang Yu-Ping 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionIn China and other Asian nations, Geum japonicum (GJ) is used as functional vegetables or as a type of folk medicine. Ellagic acid (EA) is one of the main active ingredients in GJ and has been utilized in food, cosmetics, and medicinal goods worldwide. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) have gradually replaced organic solvents for efficient extraction of plant-derived active compounds due to its environmental protection, low toxicity, low solubility, reusability, etc.MethodsNADES with the highest EA yield was selected and the extraction conditions were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM), the antioxidant activity of NADES extract was determined, and finally Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to explain the mechanism for the increase of EA yield in GJ.ResultsIn this work, several NADESs were tailored for the ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) of EA from GJ, among which choline chloride-oxalic acid (ChCl:Oa) was the most effective. In optimal conditions, ChCl:Oa extract produced higher EA yields than common organic solvents including methanol, ethanol, and acetone. In vitro antioxidant experiments showed that ChCl:Oa extract had stronger DPPH radical scavenging ability than other solvent extracts. Mechanically, FT-IR results indicated that ChCl:Oa could form a hydrogen bonding with EA, which enhanced the stability of EA. Meanwhile, ChCl:Oa-UAE treatment could destroy the tissue structure of GJ, thereby improving EA yield.DiscussionIn conclusion, these results imply that the ChCl:Oa-UAE method might be an environmentally friendly approach for extracting EA from GJ.
Storage stability of texture, organoleptic, and biological properties of goat milk yogurt fermented with probiotic bacteria
Authors: Yang Yaling , Zhang Ruyue , Zhang Fuxin , Wang Bini , Liu Yufang 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionGoat milk is an attractive food due to its high nutritional values, easy digestibility and hypoallergenicity, but has an undesirable “goaty” flavor.MethodsIn this study, goat yogurt was fermented with four probiotics, respectively, including Lactobacillus acidophilus (GYA), Bifidobacterium animalis (GYB), Lactobacillus casei (GYC) and Lactobacillus plantarum (GYP), and tested for texture, organoleptic, and biological properties during a 4-week storage period at the refrigerated temperature.ResultsAll goat yogurt with probiotics showed an increase on titratable acidity and a corresponding downward trend on pH value. Viable counts of L. acidophilus and L. casei were above 6 log cfu/mL at the end of the storage, which met the minimum standards for viable probiotic bacteria in yogurt specified by the Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nation (FAO). The texture and organoleptic characteristics of fermented goat milk depended on the strain and the storage period. DPPH free radical scavenging rate and ferric reducing antioxidant power activity gradually increased in all goat yogurts during the storage and yogurt with probiotic bacteria showed higher values than those of GY0.DiscussionAmong all probiotic containing goat yogurts, GYC exhibited the desirable characteristics of hardness, adhesiveness, water holding capacity, antioxidant activity during the whole storage. Furthermore, the addition of L. casei effectively weakened the goaty flavor and enhanced the overall acceptability. Thus, fermented goat milk with L. casei is optional for the development of goat milk product with satisfactory texture properties, pleasant sensory quality and high bioactivity.
Quality assessment of pre- and postnatal nutrition and exercise mobile applications in the United States and China
Authors: Yu Hongli , He Juan , Li Keqiang , Qi Wen , Lin Jiahui , Szumilewicz Anna 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundMobile applications (apps) are becoming increasingly prevalent as tools for improving maternal health behaviors. However, the recently updated content and quality of these apps remain unknown. This research investigated the fundamental characteristics, functional modules, and overall quality of maternal apps available in the United States and China to reveal critical nutrition and physical activity gaps.MethodsA systematic search was performed in Android and iOS app stores (China and the United States). Apps were eligible if they targeted pregnant or postpartum women, focused on nutrition or physical activity, and had interfaces in English or Chinese. The basic characteristics, functional modules, and overall quality of the apps were evaluated, and differences between apps available in China or the United States were determined using analysis of variance and chi-square tests. Pearson correlations were utilized to investigate links between objective quality and user rating.ResultsA total of 65 maternity-related nutrition and physical activity apps (34 from China and 31 from the United States) were eligible. Among them, 68% (21/31) of US apps and 56% (19/34) of Chinese apps did not provide supporting evidence for their content. A greater number of Chinese apps provided app-based general education modules, namely food nutrition knowledge (n = 0, 0% in the United States vs. n = 30, 88.2% in China). Meanwhile, a greater number of US apps provided exercise modules, namely pregnancy yoga (n = 21, 67.7% in the United States vs. n = 2, 5.9% in China). The overall app quality rating in the United States was lower than it was in China (mean: 3.5, SD: 0.6 in China vs. mean: 3.4, SD: 0.7 in the United States). There was no relationship between the overall app quality rating and the user rating in either country (rho = 0.11 in China and rho = –0.13 in the United States).ConclusionThe characteristics and functional modules of in-store apps for maternal nutrition and physical activity differed between the United States and China. Both countries’ apps, especially Chinese apps, lacked evidence-based information, and there was no correlation between app quality and user rating. The results therefore suggest that user ratings cannot be used as an objective indicator of app quality and that it is necessary to improve the empirical basis and credibility of apps in both countries.
Research landscape and trends of melanoma immunotherapy: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Liu Yanhao , Yu Lan , Liang Yanjiao , Cheng Xi , Jiang Shu , Yu Haiming , Zhang Zhen , Lu Linlin , Qu Baozhen , Chen Yuxian , Zhang Xiaotao 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundImmunotherapy for lung cancer has been a hot research area for years. This bibliometric analysis was intended to present research trends on melanoma immunotherapy.MethodOn April 1, 2022, the authors identified 2,109 papers on melanoma immunotherapy using the Web of Science and extracted their general information and the total number of citations. The authors then conducted a bibliometric analysis to present the research landscape, clarify the research trends, and determine the most cited papers (top-papers) as well as major journals on melanoma immunotherapy. Subsequently, recent research hotspots were identified by analyzing the latest articles in major journals.ResultsThe total and median number of citations of these 2,109 papers on melanoma immunotherapy was 137,686 and 11, respectively. “Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma” by Hodi et al. was the most cited paper (9,824 citations). Among the journals, the top-paper number (16), average citations per paper (2,510.7), and top-papers rate (100%) of New England Journal of Medicine were the highest. Corresponding authors represented the USA took part in most articles (784). Since 2016, the hottest research area has changed from CTLA-4 to PD-1.ConclusionsThis bibliometric analysis comprehensively and quantitatively presents the research trends and hotspots based on 2,109 relevant publications, and further suggests future research directions. The researchers can benefit in selecting journals and in finding potential collaborators. This study can help researchers gain a comprehensive impression of the research landscape, historical development, and current hotspots in melanoma immunotherapy and can provide inspiration for future research.
Cardiac toxicity in patients with lung cancer receiving thoracic radiotherapy and immunotherapy
Authors: Son Christine , Moey Melissa Y. Y. , Walker Paul R. , Naqash Abdul R. , Peach Matthew Sean , Ju Andrew W. 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are used to treat locally-advanced and metastatic lung cancer, which can lead to severe immunogenic-related cardiotoxicities. We assessed the risk of cardiotoxicity in ICI-treated lung cancer patients with or without cardiac radiation from thoracic radiotherapy.MethodsRetrospective data was collected on Stage III-IV lung cancer patients who received ICIs between 2015 and 2018. All cardiotoxicities associated with ICI were assessed in correlation with the timing of radiotherapy (RT) in relation to ICI, and the mean RT heart dose. The rate of cardiac events in relation to RT timing and heart dose was compared using multiple logistic regression including the Framingham risk score and steroid use prior to ICI therapy.ResultsOf 194 ICI-treated patients evaluated, 55.2% (n=107/194) patients had received thoracic RT at a median dose of 60.4 Gy (range, 15-75). Cardiotoxicities such as non-ST elevated myocardial infarction and new onset supraventricular tachycardias were observed in 13 (12.2%) of those who had thoracic RT versus 9 (10.3%) who did not (p=0.87). 38 patients who received RT concurrently with ICI did not develop any cardiotoxicity whereas 14.1% (n=22/156) of those who did not receive concurrent RT developed cardiotoxicities (univariate, p=0.030; multivariate, p=0.055). There were no significant differences in the mean heart RT dose, Framingham risk score, and steroid treatment between patients that received concurrent RT with ICI versus non-concurrent RT/ICI.ConclusionICI-related cardiotoxicities were not significantly associated with patients who received concurrent thoracic radiotherapy in this retrospective review. Further validation of prospective studies is needed to confirm these results.