bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucose Level Assisted Monitoring Diet – Impact on Diabetes Parameters, Risk Factors, and Quality of Life
Authors: Jaggesh Parimala , Surendra Srihari U. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
There is an increasing need to revise diabetes management. Two-thirds of patients with diabetes do not have their blood sugar under control. There has been increasing evidence suggesting the positive impact of diet and lifestyle on blood sugar control. This study aims to demonstrate the adoption of the Glucose Level-Assisted Monitoring Diet (GLAM diet) validated by the aid of ambulatory glucose profiling and examine the impact of the GLAM diet on blood glucose concentration, lipid profile, and glucose variability.

Methods:
In this open-label, interventional pilot study, we enrolled 50 diabetes patients with or without hypertension to receive a GLAM diet, in addition to counseling. The primary outcome was the control and remission of diabetes. The secondary outcome was a composite of optimal maintenance of glucose concentration, optimal lipid profile, glucose variability evaluation, reduced insulin supplementation, diabetes-related complications following the GLAM diet, lifestyle modification, and overall quality of life through indicators such as sleep, stress, and nutrition.

Results:
GLAM diet significantly reduced Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) (202 ± 65.47 mg/dL vs. 160.2 ± 37.75 mg/dL, P < 0.001), postprandial blood sugar (PPBS) (246.1 ± 74.74 mg/dL vs. 196.5 ± 45.48 mg/dL, P < 0.001), laboratory glycated-hemoglobin (9.2 ± 1.74% vs. 8.1 ± 1.5%, P < 0.001), and average glucose (182.4 ± 47.54 mg/dL vs. 152.2 ± 39.32 mg/dL, P < 0.001). The glucose remained within target increasing frequently after the diet was implemented (49.7 ± 27.11% vs. 65.6 ± 20.01%, P < 0.001) and although fell just short of statistical significance, there was a percentage decrease in glucose level above target (46.6 ± 29.17% vs. 27.6 ± 22.71%, P = 0.109) observed in the study group. Patients also experienced significantly reduced body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat percentage, and Mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), Continuous overall net glycemic action (CONGA), and standard deviation values in comparison to baseline.

Conclusion:
Patients initiated onto the GLAM diet had better glycemic control, lipid profile, and glucose variability along with enhanced sleep, reduced stress, and improved nutrition understanding in study participants. In conclusion, the GLAM diet apart from reducing glycemic burden also helped to improve the overall quality of life.
Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism (rs1799752) with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and chronic kidney disease and, its clinical relevance
Authors: Ramanathan Balaji , Nagarajan Gunavathy , Velayutham Kumaravel 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) is important in regulating blood pressure and electrolyte balance. The main effector hormone of the RAAS is angiotensin II, which is generated from angiotensin I in the circulation and in the tissues, mostly as a result of the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). The ACE gene has received substantial attention in recent years as a candidate gene for a variety of diseases.

Objective:
This study was conducted to determine the association of insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of ACE gene in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension (HT), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) subjects among South Indian regional population.

Methods:
A total of 105 subjects participated in this study including 30 T2DM (Group 1), 30 HT (Group 2), 35 CKD (Group 3) patients and 10 controls (Group 4). Blood samples were collected and biochemical investigations were done. Polymerase chain reaction amplification was performed to genotype the DNA. The distribution and allelic frequency of I/D (rs1799752) polymorphism at the 287-base pair Alu repeat sequence in the intron 16 of ACE gene were analyzed using specific primers.

Results:
The ACE genotypes were distributed as II, 17%; DD, 47%; and ID, 37% in the T2DM group; II, 10%; DD, 50%; and ID, 40% in the HT group; II, 17%; DD, 54%; and ID, 29% in the CKD group; and II, 50%; DD, 20%, and ID, 30% in the control group. The frequency of DD genotype was significantly higher in HT (P = 0.05) and CKD patients (P = 0.05) compared to controls. In codominant model analysis, DD genotype versus II genotype was associated with increased risk of T2DM (odds ratio [OR] = 4.37; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.31–14.504), HT (OR = 9.0; 95% CI = 2.23–36.17), and/or CKD (OR = 5.73; 95% CI = 1.906–17.282), respectively. The D allele was more frequent in T2DM (65%), HT (70%), and CKD patients (69%) compared to controls (35%) (P = 0.018, P = 0.005, and P = 0.006, respectively). The D allele was associated with increased risk of T2DM (OR = 3.44; 95% CI = 1.19–9.96), HT (OR = 4.33; 95% CI = 1.48–12.65), and CKD (OR = 4.05; 95% CI = 1.42–11.55).

Conclusion:
The DD genotype and the D allele of the ACE I/D gene polymorphism can be a risk factor for T2DM, HT, and CKD in South Indian regional population. This result suggests that T2DM and HT patients should be offered analysis to identify defects in ACE I/D polymorphism, which might help to determine the course of CKD disease and aid to choose appropriate antihypertensive therapy with ACE inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blockers.
Alterations of thyroid functions in patients with nonsegmental vitiligo
Authors: Abd-Elmagid Wafaa M. , Hagag Dalia S. , Sayed Sherif A. , Aboelfetoh Sahar , Saleh Ramadan 
Published: August 2023

Background
Autoimmunity is the most commonly accepted theory in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. This is supported by the association of vitiligo with many other autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves’ disease.

Aim
The aim of this study was to investigate the laboratory profiles of a cohort of patients with nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV).

Patients and methods
This cross-sectional study included 100 patients with NSV and 100 age-matched and sex-matched healthy volunteers as controls. Laboratory workup included thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, free thyroxine, antithyroid peroxidase antibody, antithyroglobulin antibody, and antinuclear antibody (ANA).

Results
Thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine showed a significant difference between patients with vitiligo and control (P=0.007). There was a statistically significant increase in the level of antithyroid peroxidase antibody (P=0.000) and antithyroglobulin antibody (P=0.000) antibodies in patients with NSV.

Conclusion
NSV is associated with disturbance of thyroid function tests and significant increase of thyroid autoantibodies.
Evaluation of virtual dermatology clinic experience during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, advantages, and disadvantages
Authors: Almukhadeb Eman A. , Alotaibi Hend , Alturki Abdulaziz , Alkheraiji Asma , AlBalbessi Amal , Bukhari Abrar 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
During the current lockdown due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the healthcare system should be modified to reach out to a large number of patients with effective service. Virtual clinics are one possible solution to the challenges healthcare systems face worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim
To evaluate the experience of the virtual clinic in Dermatology Department at King Khaled University Hospital and to evaluate its advantages and disadvantages, and whether or not this service is practical to apply in the future.

Patients and methods
To assess the patients’ attitude toward virtual clinics, 1220 patients were offered a phone consultation during May 2020. A questionnaire was drafted with 23 questions sent to all the patients via cellular text. Seven of these questions were related to patient demographics. The remaining questions assessed patient satisfaction, occupational efficiency, and quality of care. Statistical analysis was performed using R v 3.6.3. Sociodemographic characteristics were included as independent variables. Ordinal logistic regression was used to assess patient satisfaction. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with satisfaction.

Results
Only 115 patients responded to the survey. About 34.8% of them found virtual clinics more comfortable compared with face-to-face visits, and 65.2% were satisfied with the care received through these clinics. However, 34.8% of the patients could not know the appropriate treatment, and 37.4% thought they did not receive all the needed information about their health condition. Overall, 71.3% of the patients were satisfied with the provided diagnosis. The most common reason for nonsatisfaction with virtual clinics was the lack of clinical examination (62.39%) and difficulty communicating with the physician (42.94%).

Conclusion
Virtual dermatology clinics can provide satisfactory dermatology care services to the patients during COVID-19 and can reduce the risk of exposure and transmission of the virus. These services have optimal occupational efficiency, patient-satisfaction rate, and quality of care.
Clinicodemographic and laboratory features of 200 Egyptian psoriatic patients
Authors: Aboeldahab Soha , El-Hamd Mohammed A. , Hamed Bakla Rehab M. , Abdel-Aziz Nada Essam 
Published: August 2023

Background
Psoriasis is a common and complex multifactorial disease, in which both genetic and extrinsic factors contribute to activating an immunological reaction.

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, demographic, and laboratory characteristics of Egyptian psoriatic patients in Sohag, Upper Egypt. Patients and methods This study was a cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted on 200 Egyptian psoriatic patients. All the patients were subjected to complete demographic, clinical, and laboratory evaluations.

Results
Of the 200 Egyptian patients with psoriasis, the mean age was 42.83±17.3 years; 60% were males, 53% were from rural areas, 47% were smokers, 66% were with positive family history, 91% were with gradual onset, 75% were with a progressive course, and 6.99±3.9 months was the mean duration of the diseases. The main associated symptom with psoriasis was itching in 72%. Psoriasis vulgaris was the most common type in 69.5%. Upper limbs were the most commonly affected sites in 78% of the psoriatic patients. Seasonal variation was the most common exacerbating factor in 51.5% of psoriatic patients. Iron-deficiency anemia was detected in 31% of the psoriatic patients. Liver diseases were associated comorbidities with 29.5% of psoriatic patients and hepatitis C virus infection was presented in 4.5% of psoriatic patients. Metabolic syndrome and stress were detected in 36 and 21% of psoriatic patients, respectively.

Conclusion
The healthcare providers and patients should be aware of the early detection of associated comorbidities with psoriasis to avoid major complications. The recognition of stress and its specific treatment should be considered an integral part of the treatment of psoriatic patients. Screening for hepatitis is important in Egyptian psoriatic patients. Consanguineous marriage should be avoided in patients with a family history of psoriasis.
Molecular detection of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum mutants in Assam
Authors: Barman Lipika , Sharma Ajanta , Kakati Sanjeeb , Sarma Devojit Kr. , Hussain Ezaz , Saikia Lahari 
Published: August 2023

Background & objectives:
The spread of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) poses a serious threat to the control and elimination of malaria. The objective of this study was to detect the molecular biomarkers of antimalarial drug resistance in Pf in patients visiting a tertiary care hospital in Assam.

Methods:
Malaria was first detected in fever cases using microscopy and a rapid diagnostic test (RDT), and then confirmed using PCR. Pf chloroquine resistance transporter (Pfcrt), Pf multidrug resistance-1 (Pfmdr-1), and single-nucleotide polymorphisms linked to delayed parasite clearance after treatment with artemisinin MAL 10-688956 and MAL 13-1718319 and Kelch-13 propeller (PfK-13) genes were evaluated by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).

Results:
Sixty nine cases of malaria were found among 300 cases of fever. Of these, 54 were positive for Pf, 47 of which were confirmed by PCR. Pfcrt-K76T mutation was seen in 96.6 per cent and Pfmdr1-N86Y mutation in 84.2 per cent of cases. Mutation was not detected in MAL10 and MAL13 genes. Sequence analysis of Kelch-13 gene showed the presence of a novel mutation at amino acid position 675. Statistically, no significant association was found between the molecular biomarkers and demographic profile, clinical presentation and outcome of the cases.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Molecular surveillance is essential to assess the therapeutic efficacy of the drugs against circulating Pf isolates in Assam which are found to be highly resistant to CQ. The role of the new mutation found in the Kelch-13 gene in the development of artemisinin resistance in Assam needs to be thoroughly monitored in future research.
Congenital Anonychia with Brachydactyly with Novel, Unilateral Congenital Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy and Staghorn Renal Calculus
Authors: Marak Anita , Khawbung Ellis , Jabbar Shakeel A. , Shakthi B. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Congenital anonychia is a relatively rare abnormality of nail development affecting all or some of the finger and toe nails, characterized by either complete absence of nails or hypoplasia of nails. We report a rare case of congenital anonychia with brachydactyly with unique congenital abnormalities of heart-shaped tongue, congenital hypoglossal nerve palsy, and staghorn calculus. To our knowledge, these associations have never been described before and do not fall under any known syndromic entity.
Individualized Dupilumab Therapy in the Treatment of Pediatric Patients with Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Case Series in a Malaysian Tertiary Center
Authors: Lee Wai Quen , Nordin Siti Nuraihan , Ibrahim Sabeera Begum Kader , Leong Kin Fon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To look at patient characteristics, response to dupilumab, and adverse events due to treatment. This was a retrospective review of all pediatric patients on dupilumab and topical corticosteroids for severe atopic dermatitis in Paediatric Dermatology Clinic, Women and Children Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, from 2020 to 2021. In this cohort, 50% achieved Eczema area and severity index (EASI) -75 by week 12, 25% at week 16, and 25% at week 56. Three of four patients achieved EASI-75 at a median of 12 weeks of treatment, despite not receiving loading doses of dupilumab. None of our patients had conjunctivitis or upper respiratory tract infection while treated with dupilumab. In conclusion, dupilumab is a safe and effective drug to induce remission in severe pediatric eczema, without undesirable side effects in our cohort. In a resource-limited setting, individualized treatment regimen without loading doses is as effective as fixed-dose regimens with loading doses to achieve EASI-75.
A Challenging Case of Recalcitrant Hyper-IgE Syndrome Successfully Treated with Omalizumab
Authors: Shahid Rashid , Pradhan Swetalina , Singh Suvesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) is a rare group of primary immunodeficiency diseases characterized by elevated IgE levels, eosinophilia, recurrent pyoderma, ear infection, eczematous dermatitis, and pulmonary infection. The treatment depends on the clinical presentation of the disease. The eczematous skin lesions usually respond to a topical steroid, calcineurin inhibitors, and sometimes, based on severity, systemic drugs are given. The secondary infections are usually treated with oral and topical antibiotics. We are describing a case of HIES who presented with severe recalcitrant itchy oozy eczematous skin lesions which did not respond to conventional systemic drugs and were later on controlled with injection omalizumab. In addition, we have discussed the HIES in detail in the current article.
Type 2 Inflammatory Diseases in Atopic Dermatitis: A Short Review
Authors: Choudhary Ankita , Agarwal Pooja , Kulkarni Sandeep , Madke Bhushan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Type 2 inflammatory diseases are characterized by the dysregulation of the T helper (Th) 2 pathway, the prototype being atopic dermatitis (AD). The common inflammatory pathways, genetic risk factors, epidermal barrier dysfunction, parental atopy, and environmental factors are all associated with the codevelopment of type 2 inflammatory diseases in patients with AD. Acute skin barrier disruption leads to the production of both alarmin and dopamine, both of which promote Th2 skewing and mast cell activation, which then finally leads to inflammation, pruritus, and initiation of type 2 immune responses. Since AD is considered “starting point” for various other allergic diseases, its judicious management can help in decreasing the comorbidity posed by respiratory allergy and allergic rhinitis. This review discusses our current understanding of the type 2 inflammation in AD and highlights the nuances between the various type 2 inflammatory disorders. The article tends to focus on the fact that type 2 inflammatory diseases have a significant burden in patients with AD and it is far beyond the cutaneous manifestations and the “Atopic March.” There is an emphasis on early identification and an integrative approach in the treatment of AD in order to alleviate the overall disease morbidity. Type 2 immunity will be reviewed in the light of the prevailing as well as forthcoming targeted treatment options for AD and other related type 2 inflammatory disorders.
Pharmacokinetic Assessment of Isoniazid and Acetylisoniazid in Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury Model in Wistar Rats
Authors: Sharma Swati , Anand Aishwarya , Verma Nipun , Sharma Vishal , Bhatia Alka , Patil Amol N. , Banerjee Dibyajyoti 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
N-acetyl transferase 2 (NAT2) polymorphism testing could not see the light of success as a biomarker tool in tuberculosis management. Additionally, the antitubercular treatment (ATT) drug’s reintroduction regimen variations exist because of the scarcity of robust preclinical evidence on ATT drug metabolism.

Objective:
The experiment was planned to understand the pharmacokinetic (PK) behavior of isoniazid and acetylisoniazid (AcINH) in a Wistar rat model of acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and preclinical drug-induced liver injury (DILI) model induced with CCl4 + anti-Tuberculosis (TB) drugs together.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty rats were used for the experiment and were divided into five groups. All rats were administered a single 0.5 ml/kg CCl4 intraperitoneal injection on day 0 to induce an animal model of DILI. Group I rats received CCl4 alone. Groups II–V were started on additional gavage feedings of isoniazid (H) alone, H plus rifampicin (R), H plus pyrazinamide (Z), and H, R, and Z together, respectively, daily for 21 days subsequently. Isoniazid and AcINH PK assessment was accomplished on day 20 of continuous once-daily dosing. Liver function test (LFT) monitoring was done at baseline on days 1, 7, and 21. On the last day of experiments, all experimental rats were sacrificed.

Results:
Three-week ATT administration sustained the CCl4-induced LFT changes. Area under the curve (AUC) values for isoniazid and AcINH were found to be 2.24 and 1.69 times higher in the H + R group compared with the CCl4 + H group, respectively (P < 0.05). Isoniazid and AcINH maximum concentration (Cmax) reached the highest, while isoniazid clearance reached the lowest in the H + R group. AcINH AUC increased by double in the CCl4 + Isoniazid+Rifampicin+Pyrazinamide (HRZ) group compared with the CCl4 + H group (P < 0.05). Biochemical, histological, and antioxidant changes were consistent with the new liver injury model’s development.

Conclusion:
Rifampicin almost doubles up the isoniazid and AcINH exposure, in presence if DILI.
Plato’s Philosophy and Cloud Computing System with a Cognitive Approach
Authors: Seker Serhat , Akinci Tahir Cetin , Ozturk Ahmet 
Published: August 2023

This study presents Plato’s metaphysical world under the interpretation of today’s cloud computing technology. In this sense, the world of ideas in Plato’s philosophy is defined as a cloud system and some cognitive descriptions are made in this direction. Hence, in this study, ancient philosophy is described as a base of today’s technology. With this study, The Platon's philosophy is also interpreted as a technological reflection of the philosophy and human thinking system.

Received: 29 June 2023 | Revised: 24 July 2023 | Accepted: 14 August 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Author Contribution Statement
Serhat Seker: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition. Tahir Cetin Akinci: Methodology, Software, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Visualization. Ahmet Ozturk: Formal analysis, Investigation, Funding acquisition.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBELAJARAN SKILL LAB DENGAN MEDIA VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN DARING TERHADAP MODUL PRAKTIKUM SKILL LAB
Authors: Waluyo Sunaryo Joko , Solikah Siti Nur 
Published: August 2023

Background, The Covid-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) pandemic has spread to almost all parts of the world since the end of 2019. The Indonesian government has provided various strategies to prevent the spread of the Coronavirus, which comprehensively affects all levels of Indonesian society. One of the Indonesian government policies that has a wide impact is government regulation in the field of education, both in the professional area and in the field of administration and the environment. With the pandemic, the implementation of educational activities has changed in various forms of learning activities, both theoretical and practical learning, all of which must run online. Purpose, This study aims to determine the effectiveness of learning lab skills using Online Learning Video Media on the Skill Lab Practicum Module for fourth-semester students of the Diploma Three Nursing Study Program, Insan Husada Polytechnic Surakarta. Methods, Lab skill practicum is called a control group. This study is a quasi-experimental study with a post-test only control design, the samples were selected and grouped into the experimental group, and the control group, the group that was treated with the provision of online learning videos, was called the experimental group, while the group that was not given online learning videos and only received the module. The experimental group was 47 students, and the control group was 46 students. Result, (1) There is a difference in the test scores of respondents who learn using the video skill lab media with those who use the skill lab practicum module media. (2) The average value of respondents who received learning using video media was 86.02, higher than respondents who received learning using the practicum module, which was 81.38 Conclusion, The skill lab learning model using video is more effective than using the practicum module for practicum learning on nursing actions for physiological reflex examinations