bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-lead ECG based autonomic nervous system assessment for meditation monitoring
Authors: Park Chanki , Youn Inchan , Han Sungmin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe propose a single-lead ECG-based heart rate variability (HRV) analysis algorithm to quantify autonomic nervous system activity during meditation. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) induced by breathing is a dominant component of HRV, but its frequency depends on an individual’s breathing speed. To address this RSA issue, we designed a novel HRV tachogram decomposition algorithm and new HRV indices. The proposed method was validated by using a simulation, and applied to our experimental (mindfulness meditation) data and the WESAD open-source data. During meditation, our proposed HRV indices related to vagal and sympathetic tones were significantly increased (p < 0.000005) and decreased (p < 0.000005), respectively. These results were consistent with self-reports and experimental protocols, and identified parasympathetic activation and sympathetic inhibition during meditation. In conclusion, the proposed method successfully assessed autonomic nervous system activity during meditation when respiration influences disrupted classical HRV. The proposed method can be considered a reliable approach to quantify autonomic nervous system activity.
Increased moist heat stress risk across China under warming climate
Authors: Sun Shuai , Zhang Qiang , Singh Vijay P. , Shi Chunxiang , Wang Gang , Wu Wenhuan , Shen Zexi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHeatwaves have afflicted human health, ecosystem, and socioeconomy and are expected to intensify under warming climate. However, few efforts have been directed to moist heat stress (MHS) considering relative humidity and wind speed, and moist heat stress risk (MHSR) considering exposure and vulnerability. Here we showed MHS and MHSR variations across China during 1998–2100 using China Meteorological Administration Land Data Assimilation System datasets, the 6th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) merged datasets, Gross Domestic Product, population and leaf area index. We detected increased MHS across China under different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). Specifically, the historical MHS occurred mostly during mid-July to mid-August. We found increasing trends of 0.08%/year, 0.249%/year, and 0.669%/year in the MHS-affected areas under SSP126, SSP245, and SSP585, respectively. Furthermore, we observed the highest increasing rate of MHSR in Northwest and Southwest China, while the MHSR across Northeast and North China under SSP126 shifted from increasing to decreasing trends. Noteworthy is that the increasing trend of MHSR under SSP585 is 1.5–2.6 times larger than that under SSP245, especially in North and South China. This study highlights spatiotemporal evolutions of MHS and MHSR and mitigation to moisture heat stress in a warming climate.
Development of ultra-thin radiation-shielding paper through nanofiber modeling of morpho butterfly wing structure
Authors: Kim Seon-Chil , Byun Hongsik 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn medical institutions, radiation shielding is an effective strategy to protect medical personnel and patients from exposure. Reducing the weight of the shield worn by medical personnel in the radiation generating area plays a key role in improving their productivity and mobility. In this study, a new lightweight radiation shield was developed by electrospinning a polymer-tungsten composite material to produce nanofibers with a multi-layered thin-film structure similar to that of a morpho butterfly wing. The fabricated shield was in the form of 0.1 mm thick flexible shielding paper. The multi-layer structure of the thin shielding paper was obtained through nanofiber pattern formation via electrospinning a dispersion of tungsten particles. At 0.1 mm thickness, the paper’s shielding rate was 64.88% at 60 keV. Furthermore, at 0.3 mm thick and arranged in a laminated structure, the shielding rate was 90.10% and the lead equivalent was 0.296 mmPb. When used as an apron material, the weight can be reduced by 45% compared to existing lead products. In addition, the material is highly processable and can be used to manufacture various flexible products, such as hats, gloves, underwear, and scarves used in medical institutions.
The role of mitochondria in pharmacological ascorbate-induced toxicity
Authors: Du Juan , Pope Amanda N. , O’Leary Brianne R. , Wagner Brett A. , Goswami Prabhat C. , Buettner Garry R. , Cullen Joseph J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAt pharmacological levels, ascorbate (P-AscH-) acts as a pro-oxidant by generating H2O2, depleting ATP in sensitive cells leading to cell death. The aim of this study was to determine the role of ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation or glycolysis in mechanisms of resistance to P-AscH–induced cell death. Pancreatic cancer cells were used to generate ρ0 cells by mitochondrial overexpression of the Y147A mutant uracil-N-glycosylase or Herpes Simplex Virus protein. The ρ0 phenotype was confirmed by probing for mitochondrial DNA, mitochondrial DNA-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2, and monitoring the rate of oxygen consumption. In ρ0 cells, glycolysis accounted for 100% of ATP production as there was no mitochondrial oxygen consumption. Even though the activities of H2O2-removing antioxidant enzymes were similar in both the parental and ρ0 clones, P-AscH- -induced clonogenic cell death in ρ0 cells showed more resistance than the parental cell line. In addition, P-AscH- induced more DNA damage and more consumption of NAD+ and greater decreases in the production of ATP in the parental cell line compared to the ρ0 cells. Thus, cancer cells that largely use oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP may be more sensitive to P-AscH- compared with cells that are glycolysis-dependent.
An investigation of the contribution of different turn speeds during standing turns in individuals with and without Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Khobkhun Fuengfa , Santiago Paulo Roberto Pereira , Tahara Ariany Klein , Srivanitchapoom Prachaya , Richards Jim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIssues around turning can impair daily tasks and trigger episodes of freezing of gait in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Slow speeds associated with aging produce a more en-bloc movement strategy which have been linked with falls while turning. However, the influence of speed of turning on the complex whole-body coordination considering eye movements, turning kinematics, and stepping characteristics during turning has not been examined. The aim of this study was to investigate if individuals with PD have a different response to changes in turning speed compared to healthy older adults during 180° standing turns. 20 individuals with PD and 20 healthy age matched adults participated in this study. Data were collected during clockwise and counter-clockwise turns at three self-selected speeds in a randomised order: (a) normal; (b) faster than normal; and (c) slower than normal. Eye movement and turning kinematics were investigated using electrooculography and Inertial Measurement Units. Mixed Model Analysis of Variance (MM ANOVA) tests with post hoc pairwise comparisons were performed to assess the differences between groups and turning speed. In addition, further post hoc Repeated Measures ANOVA (RM ANOVA) tests were performed if any significant interactions were seen between groups and turning speed. Significant interaction effects were found in eye movement and turning kinematics, and the RM ANOVA showed significant main effects for turning speeds within the PD and the control groups. Turning slowly resulted in similar alterations in eye movement, turning kinematics and stepping characteristics in the PD group and the healthy controls. However, individuals with PD showed a different response to the healthy controls, with a greater delay in eye movement and onset latency of segments in turning kinematics and step variables between the different speeds. These findings help our understanding regarding the turning strategies in individuals with PD. The incorporation of guidance with regard to faster turning speeds may be useful in the management of individuals with PD. Clinical training using different turn directions and speeds may improve coordination, increase confidence and reduce the risk of falling.
Insight into the LED-assisted deposition of platinum nanoparticles on the titania surface: understanding the effect of LEDs
Authors: Kubiak Adam , Varma Naisargi , Sikorski Marek 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel LED-assisted deposition of platinum nanoparticles on the titania surface. For the first time, this process was supported by a UV-LED solution. We used two light sources with different wavelengths (λmax = 365 and 395 nm), and power (P = 1, 5, and 10 W) because the photodeposition process based on LEDs has not been defined. The TiO2–Pt material was discovered to be nano-crystalline anatase particles with nano-platinum particles deposited on the surface of titanium dioxide. Furthermore, the luminescence intensity decreased when Pt was added to TiO2, indicating that charge carrier recombination was reduced. The spectra matching of the photocatalyst and LED reactor was performed for the first time in this work. We proposed a convenient LED reactor that focused light in the range of 350–450 nm, allowing us to effectively use photo-oxidative properties of TiO2–Pt materials in the process of removing 4-chlorophenol. In the presented work, the LED light source plays a dual role. They first induce the platinum photodeposition process, before becoming an important component of tailored photoreactors, which is an important innovative aspect of this research.
Optimized detection of homologous recombination deficiency improves the prediction of clinical outcomes in cancer
Authors: Perez-Villatoro Fernando , Oikkonen Jaana , Casado Julia , Chernenko Anastasiya , Gulhan Doga C. , Tumiati Manuela , Li Yilin , Lavikka Kari , Hietanen Sakari , Hynninen Johanna , Haltia Ulla-Maija , Tyrmi Jaakko S. , Laivuori Hannele , Konstantinopoulos Panagiotis A. , Hautaniemi Sampsa , Kauppi Liisa , Färkkilä Anniina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHomologous recombination DNA-repair deficiency (HRD) is a common driver of genomic instability and confers a therapeutic vulnerability in cancer. The accurate detection of somatic allelic imbalances (AIs) has been limited by methods focused on BRCA1/2 mutations and using mixtures of cancer types. Using pan-cancer data, we revealed distinct patterns of AIs in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC). We used machine learning and statistics to generate improved criteria to identify HRD in HGSC (ovaHRDscar). ovaHRDscar significantly predicted clinical outcomes in three independent patient cohorts with higher precision than previous methods. Characterization of 98 spatiotemporally distinct metastatic samples revealed low intra-patient variation and indicated the primary tumor as the preferred site for clinical sampling in HGSC. Further, our approach improved the prediction of clinical outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer (tnbcHRDscar), validated in two independent patient cohorts. In conclusion, our tumor-specific, systematic approach has the potential to improve patient selection for HR-targeted therapies.
Effect of Realistic Test Conditions on Perception of Speech, Music, and Binaural Cues in Normal-Hearing Listeners
Authors: Yoon Yang-Soo , Jaisinghani Priyanka , Goldsworthy Raymond 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of online testing in a quiet room for three auditory perception experiments in normal-hearing listeners: speech, music, and binaural cue.

Method:
Under Experiment 1, sentence perception was measured using fixed signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs: +10 dB, 0 dB, and −10 dB) and using adaptive speech reception threshold (SRT) procedures. The correct scores were compared between quiet room and soundproof booth listening environments. Experiment 2 was designed to compare melodic contour identification between the two listening environments. Melodic contour identification was assessed with 1, 2, and 4 semitone spacings. Under Experiment 3, interaural level difference (ILD) and interaural time differences (ITD) were measured as a function of carrier frequency. For both measures, two modulated tones (400-ms duration and 100-Hz modulation rate) were sequentially presented through headphones to both ears, and subjects were asked to indicate whether the sound moved to the left or right ear. The measured ITD and ILD were then compared between the two listening environments.

Results:
There were no significant differences in any outcome measures (SNR- and SRT-based speech perception, melodic contour identification, and ITD/ILD) between the two listening environments.

Conclusions:
These results suggest that normal-hearing listeners may not require a controlled listening environment in any of the three auditory assessments. As comparable data can be obtained via the online testing tool, using the online auditory experiments is recommended.
A PLL‐equivalent model for low‐frequency stability analysis of voltage source converter connected to weak grid
Authors: Li Xialin , Zhang Chen , Zhu Lin , Wang Zhi , Guo Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on stability of weak grid connected voltage source converter (WG‐VSC) in Low‐frequency mode (LFM) (around 1–10 Hz), which is dominated by interactions among phase‐locked loop (PLL), outer loop control and weak grid condition. In order to clearly reveal LFM mechanism of WG‐VSC, a simple but effective PLL‐equivalent model has been proposed. First, a generic small signal model consisted of PLL and ‘outer loop & WG’ two parts is derived. Then, the transfer function of complicated ‘outer loop & WG’ part is divided into two parallel channels, representing the impact of active side control and reactive side control on LFM of WG‐VSC respectively. Finally, based on the multi‐mode decomposition theory, a simple but effective second order PLL‐equivalent (E‐PLL) model is obtained for LFM stability analysis of WG‐VSC. The effectiveness of E‐PLL model has been verified by simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC and experimental results based on a hardware platform.
Joint transformer progressive self‐calibration network for low light enhancement
Authors: Fan Junyu , Li Jinjiang , Hua Zhen , Fan Linwei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhen the lighting conditions are poor and the environmental light is weak, the image captured by the imaging device often has lower brightness and is accompanied by a lot of noise. The paper designs a progressive self‐calibration network model (PSCNet) for recovering high‐quality low‐light‐enhanced images. First, shallow features in low‐light images can be better focused and extracted with the help of attention mechanism. Next, the feature mapping is passed to the encoder and decoder modules, where the transformer and encoder‐decoder jump connection structures can be better combined with the semantic information of the context to learn rich deep feature information. Finally, the self‐calibration module can adaptively cascade the features decoded by the decoder and input them into the residual attention module quickly and accurately. Meanwhile, the LBP features of the image are also fused into the feature information of the residual attention module to enhance the detailed texture information of the image. Qualitative analysis and quantitative comparison of a large number of experimental results show that this method outperforms existing methods.
Combined Revascularization and Free Flap Reconstruction for Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Shimbo Keisuke , Kawamoto Haruka , Koshima Isao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background Combined revascularization and free flap reconstruction is one treatment method for chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) with complex wounds. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the characteristics of this combined procedure and to assess postoperative outcomes.
Methods A systematic search was performed across PubMed, Scopus, and the Web of Science for studies between January 2000 and February 2022. A random-effects meta-analysis for postoperative outcome was conducted.
Results Fifteen articles encompassing 1,176 patients with 1,194 free flaps were ultimately included in the qualitative and quantitative assessment. Our meta-analysis showed the following complication rates for short-term postoperative outcomes: 37% (95% confidence interval [CI], 18–53%; I
2 = 74%) for reoperation, 13% (95% CI, 2–24%; I
2 = 0%) for vascular thrombosis, 9% (95% CI, 0–17%; I
2 = 0%) for total flap failure, 8% (95% CI, 0–17%; I
2 = 0%) for partial flap failure, 4% (95% CI, 0–10%; I
2 = 0%) for amputation, and 3% (95% CI, 0–9%; I
2 = 0%) for 30-day mortality. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year limb salvage rates were 86% (95% CI, 78–92%), 81% (95% CI, 68–88%), and 71% (95% CI, 53–83%), respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year patient survival rates were 93% (95% CI, 90–96%), 92% (95% CI, 77–97%), and 75% (95% CI, 50–88%), respectively.
Conclusion Combined revascularization and free flap reconstruction for CLTI with complex wounds was clearly effective for the long-term outcomes. However, this combined procedure should be considered on the assumption that the reoperation rate is high and that flap-related complications rate may be higher than lower extremity reconstruction of other etiologies.
A Case of Paranoid Schizophrenia Treated with Individualised Homoeopathy
Authors: Gilla Deepthi , ND Mohan , SR Sreelakshmy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background Schizophrenia is a chronic, complex, highly disabling, serious mental disorder characterised by distortions of thinking and perception. Psychotropic medicines used for management are effective but are characterised by severe limitations. Alternate safe and effective treatment regimens are being explored. Homoeopathy is a system of medicine based on individualistic approach with potential relevance to psychiatry.
Purpose The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate the utility of homoeopathy in management of schizophrenia.
Client Description A 37-year-old female patient was brought by her husband to outpatient department of psychiatry. Auditory hallucinations, referential delusions, thought withdrawal and emotional outbursts were reported during the interview.
Measures and Outcome The physician's initial assessment lead to diagnosis of schizophrenia and confirmed as paranoid schizophrenia by the psychiatrist. Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia (CGI-SCH) was used to assess the severity of symptoms at baseline and consecutive follow-ups for 18 months.
Intervention The patient was prescribed a single dose of Natrum carbonicum 200C and repeated only once after 8 months, when sleep disturbance demanded repetition.
Results Baseline CGI-SCH scores in domains of severity of illness and degree of change were 29 and 20, respectively, which reduced to 5 (normal) in both domains by 4 months and remained the same for the next 2 years.
Implications This case study reinforces the utility of homoeopathy in schizophrenia and throws light on importance of a thorough case taking of psychiatric patients to elicit totality of symptoms to arrive at the similimum.
Homoeopathic Treatment of Young Females with Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Arora Preeti , Goel Meetu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is defined as elevated levels of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (TSH: 5–20 μIU/mL; normal range: 0.15–3.5 μIU/mL) with normal serum levels of free thyroid hormones mainly free T4 (0.89–1.76 ng/dL). SCH does not affect the development process very much and hence there are no universally accepted recommendations for its treatment but it is important to have optimal thyroid function for normal growth and development in children; it may progress to overt hypothyroidism and other health issues. So, its diagnosis in early stage of life and hence its treatment will definitely benefit the growing children.
Objective The objective of this study is to review the role of homoeopathy in SCH in younger aged females.
Method Total 212 cases were screened, 54 diagnosed cases of SCH were enrolled on the basis of inclusion criteria and 4 cases dropped out from the study. Total 50 cases were given individualised homoeopathic medicines based on repertorisation of totality of symptoms and in consultation with Materia Medica.
Result Results showed significant difference after comparing pre- and post-treatment values using paired t-test; the difference in mean values of Serum TSH values was found to be statistically significant (p-value < 0.00001). At baseline, the mean TSH level was 7.158 μIU/mL which decreased to 4.368 μIU/mL (p < 0.00001).
Conclusion This study indicates the positive role of homoeopathic therapy in the management of SCH. Such study with bigger sample size through randomised controlled trial is needed for further validation.
Prevalence of Screening for Diabetes Mellitus in Patients Previously Diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes: Factors Related to its Performance
Authors: Kindermann Lucas , Costa Leandro de Liz , Trapani Júnior Alberto 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective To determine how many patients underwent screening for diabetes mellitus (DM) in the puerperium after a diagnosis of gestational DM (GDM) and which factors were related to its performance.
Methods The present is a prospective cohort study with 175 women with a diagnosis of GDM. Sociodemographic and clinico-obstetric data were collected through a questionnaire and a screening test for DM was requested six weeks postpartum. After ten weeks, the researchers contacted the patients by telephone with questions about the performance of the screening. The categorical variables were expressed as absolute and relative frequencies. The measure of association was the relative risk with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI), and values of p ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant and tested through logistic regression.
Results The survey was completed by 159 patients, 32 (20.1%) of whom underwent puerperal screening. The mean age of the sample was of 30.7 years, and most patients were white (57.9%), married (56.6%), and had had 8 or more years of schooling (72.3%). About 22.6% of the patients used medications to treat GDM, 30.8% had other comorbidities, and 76.7% attended the postnatal appointment. Attendance at the postpartum appointment, the use of medication, and the presence of comorbidities showed an association with the performance of the oral glucose tolerance test in the puerperium.
Conclusion The prevalence of screening for DM six weeks postpartum is low in women previously diagnosed with GDM. Patients who attended the postpartum consultation, used medications to treat GDM, and had comorbidities were the most adherent to the puerperal screening. We need strategies to increase the rate of performance of this exam.