bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shared social identity and media transmission of trauma
Authors: Relihan Daniel P. , Jones Nickolas M. , Holman E. Alison , Silver Roxane Cohen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhen an individual or group trauma becomes a shared public experience through widespread media coverage (e.g., mass violence, being publicly outed), sharing a social identity with a targeted individual or group of victims may amplify feelings of personal vulnerability. This heightened perceived threat may draw people to engage with trauma-related media because of increased vigilance for self-relevant threats, which can, in turn, amplify distress. We studied this possibility among two U.S. national samples following the 2016 Pulse nightclub massacre in Orlando, FL (N = 4675) and the 2018 Dr. Christine Blasey Ford and Judge Brett Kavanaugh Supreme Court Senate hearings (N = 4894). Participants who shared LGBT or Hispanic identities with Pulse massacre victims reported greater exposure to massacre-related media and acute stress. Participants who shared Dr. Blasey Ford’s identities as a victim of interpersonal violence and a Democrat reported more hearings-related media exposure and acute stress. Indirect effects of shared single identity on acute stress through self-reported event-related media exposure emerged in both studies. Results for sharing dual identities with victims were mixed. These findings have implications for media use and public health.
Effective SARS-CoV-2 replication of monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Minami Shohei , Matsumoto Naomi , Omori Hiroko , Nakamura Yutaka , Tamiya Shigeyuki , Nouda Ryotaro , Nurdin Jeffery A. , Yamasaki Moeko , Kotaki Tomohiro , Kanai Yuta , Okamoto Toru , Tachibana Taro , Ushijima Hiroshi , Kobayashi Takeshi , Sato Shintaro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes severe acute respiratory symptoms in humans. Controlling the coronavirus disease pandemic is a worldwide priority. The number of SARS-CoV-2 studies has dramatically increased, and the requirement for analytical tools is higher than ever. Here, we propose monolayered-intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) instead of three-dimensional cultured intestinal organoids as a suitable tool to study SARS-CoV-2 infection. Differentiated IEC monolayers express high levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), host factors essential for SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 efficiently grows in IEC monolayers. Using this propagation system, we confirm that TMPRSS2 inhibition blocked SARS-CoV-2 infection in IECs. Hence, our iPSC-derived IEC monolayers are suitable for SARS-CoV-2 research under physiologically relevant conditions.
Identification of genes associated with the regulation of cold tolerance and the RNA movement in the grafted apple
Authors: Lee Youngsuk , Hoang Nam V. , Do Van Giap , Foster Toshi M. , McGhie Tony K. , Kim Seonae , Yang Sang Jin , Park Ju-Hyeon , Park Jongsung , Lee Ji-Young 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn grafted apple, rootstock-derived signals influence scion cold tolerance by initiating physiological changes to survive over the winter. To understand the underlying molecular interactions between scion and rootstock responsive to cold, we developed transcriptomics and metabolomics data in the stems of two scion/rootstock combinations, ‘Gala’/‘G202’ (cold resistant rootstock) and ‘Gala’/‘M9’ (cold susceptible rootstock). Outer layers of scion and rootstock stem, including vascular tissues, were collected from the field-grown grafted apple during the winter. The clustering of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and gene ontology enrichment indicated distinct expression dynamics in the two graft combinations, which supports the dependency of scion cold tolerance on the rootstock genotypes. We identified 544 potentially mobile mRNAs of DEGs showing highly-correlated seasonal dynamics between scion and rootstock. The mobility of a subset of 544 mRNAs was validated by translocated genome-wide variants and the measurements of selected RNA mobility in tobacco and Arabidopsis. We detected orthologous genes of potentially mobile mRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana, which belong to cold regulatory networks with RNA mobility. Together, our study provides a comprehensive insight into gene interactions and signal exchange between scion and rootstock responsive to cold. This will serve for future research to enhance cold tolerance of grafted tree crops.
Antimicrobial resistance and virulence of subgingival staphylococci isolated from periodontal health and diseases
Authors: Colombo Ana Paula Vieira , do Souto Renata Martins , Araújo Lélia Lima , Espíndola Laís Christina Pontes , Hartenbach Fátima Aparecida R. R. , Magalhães Clarissa Bichara , da Silva Oliveira Alves Gabrielle , Lourenço Talita Gomes Baêta , da Silva-Boghossian Carina Maciel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe dysbiotic biofilm of periodontitis may function as a reservoir for opportunistic human pathogens of clinical relevance. This study explored the virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococci isolated from the subgingival biofilm of individuals with different periodontal conditions. Subgingival biofilm was obtained from 142 individuals with periodontal health, 101 with gingivitis and 302 with periodontitis, and cultivated on selective media. Isolated strains were identified by mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion. The mecA and virulence genes were surveyed by PCR. Differences among groups regarding species, virulence and antimicrobial resistance were examined by Chi-square, Kruskal–Wallis or Mann–Whitney tests. The overall prevalence of subgingival staphylococci was 46%, especially in severe periodontitis (> 60%; p < 0.01). S. epidermidis (59%) and S. aureus (22%) were the predominant species across groups. S. condimenti, S. hominis, S. simulans and S. xylosus were identified only in periodontitis. High rates of resistance/reduced sensitivity were found for penicillin (60%), amoxicillin (55%) and azithromycin (37%), but multidrug resistance was observed in 12% of the isolates. Over 70% of the mecA + strains in periodontitis were isolated from severe disease. Higher detection rates of fnB + isolates were observed in periodontitis compared to health and gingivitis, whereas luxF/luxS-pvl + strains were associated with sites with deep pockets and attachment loss (p < 0.05). Penicillin-resistant staphylococci is highly prevalent in the subgingival biofilm regardless of the periodontal status. Strains carrying virulence genes related to tissue adhesion/invasion, inflammation and cytotoxicity support the pathogenic potential of these opportunists in the periodontal microenvironment.
Lambda-cyhalothrin-induced pancreatic toxicity in adult albino rats
Authors: Sakr Samar , Rashad Walaa A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is one of the most frequently utilized pyrethroids. This study aimed to explore the toxic effects of subacute exposure to LCT on the pancreas and the hepatic glucose metabolism in adult male albino rats. 20 rats were equally grouped into; Control group and LCT group. The latter received LCT (61.2 mg/kg b.wt.), orally on a daily basis for 28 days. At the end of experiment, blood samples were collected for the determination of serum glucose and insulin levels. Pancreases were harvested and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA); catalase (CAT); superoxide dismutase (SOD); reduced glutathione (GSH); tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); interleukin-6 (IL-6); nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2); heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1); and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) were assessed. Also, liver samples were analyzed for the activity of glucose metabolism enzymes, glycogen content, and pyruvate and lactate concentrations. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of pancreatic tissues were undertaken as well. Results revealed hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, increased MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB levels, in association with reduced CAT, SOD, GSH, Nrf2, and HO-1 levels in LCT group. Liver analyses demonstrated a clear disturbance in the hepatic enzymes of glucose metabolism, diminished glycogen content, decreased pyruvate, and increased lactate concentrations. Besides, pancreatic islets displayed degenerative changes and β-cells loss. Immunohistochemistry revealed diminished area percentage (%) of insulin and Nrf2 and increased TNF-α immunoreaction. In conclusion, subacute exposure to LCT induces pancreatic toxicity, mostly via oxidative and inflammatory mechanisms, and dysregulates hepatic glucose metabolism in albino rats.
Optimized minimal genome-wide human sgRNA library
Authors: Zhou Yangfan , Wang Lixia , Lu Zhike , Yu Zhenxing , Ma Lijia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGenome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based knockout screening is revolting the genetic analysis of a cellular or molecular phenotype in question but is challenged by the large size of single-guide RNA (sgRNA) library. Here we designed a minimal genome-wide human sgRNA library, H-mLib, which is composed of 21,159 sgRNA pairs assembled based on a dedicated selection strategy from all potential SpCas9/sgRNAs in the human genome. These sgRNA pairs were cloned into a dual-gRNA vector each targeting one gene, resulting in a compact library size nearly identical to the number of human protein-coding genes. The performance of the H-mLib was benchmarked to other CRISPR libraries in a proliferation screening conducted in K562 cells. We also identified groups of core essential genes and cell-type specific essential genes by comparing the screening results from the K562 and Jurkat cells. Together, the H-mLib exemplified high specificity and sensitivity in identifying essential genes while containing minimal library complexity, emphasizing its advantages and applications in CRISPR screening with limited cell numbers.
A synchronized estimation of hourly surface concentrations of six criteria air pollutants with GEMS data
Authors: Yang Qianqian , Kim Jhoon , Cho Yeseul , Lee Won-Jin , Lee Dong-Won , Yuan Qiangqiang , Wang Fan , Zhou Chenhong , Zhang Xiaorui , Xiao Xiang , Guo Meiyu , Guo Yike , Carmichael Gregory R. , Gao Meng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMachine learning is widely used to infer ground-level concentrations of air pollutants from satellite observations. However, a single pollutant is commonly targeted in previous explorations, which would lead to duplication of efforts and ignoration of interactions considering the interactive nature of air pollutants and their common influencing factors. We aim to build a unified model to offer a synchronized estimation of ground-level air pollution levels. We constructed a multi-output random forest (MORF) model and achieved simultaneous estimation of hourly concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, CO, and SO2in China, benefiting from the world’s first geostationary air-quality monitoring instrument Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer. MORF yielded a high accuracy with cross-validated R2reaching 0.94. Meanwhile, model efficiency was significantly improved compared to single-output models. Based on retrieved results, the spatial distributions, seasonality, and diurnal variations of six air pollutants were analyzed and two typical pollution events were tracked.
A high-quality genome assembly highlights the evolutionary history of the great bustard (Otis tarda, Otidiformes)
Authors: Luo Haoran , Jiang Xinrui , Li Boping , Wu Jiahong , Shen Jiexin , Xu Zaoxu , Zhou Xiaoping , Hou Minghao , Huang Zhen , Ou Xiaobin , Xu Luohao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConservation genomics often relies on non-invasive methods to obtain DNA fragments which limit the power of multi-omic analyses for threatened species. Here, we report multi-omic analyses based on a well-preserved great bustard individual (Otis tarda, Otidiformes) that was found dead in the mountainous region in Gansu, China. We generate a near-complete genome assembly containing only 18 gaps scattering in 8 out of the 40 assembled chromosomes. We characterize the DNA methylation landscape which is correlated with GC content and gene expression. Our phylogenomic analysis suggests Otidiformes and Musophagiformes are sister groups that diverged from each other 46.3 million years ago. The genetic diversity of great bustard is found the lowest among the four available Otidiformes genomes, possibly due to population declines during past glacial periods. As one of the heaviest migratory birds, great bustard possesses several expanded gene families related to cardiac contraction, actin contraction, calcium ion signaling transduction, as well as positively selected genes enriched for metabolism. Finally, we identify an extremely young evolutionary stratum on the sex chromosome, a rare case among birds. Together, our study provides insights into the conservation genomics, adaption and chromosome evolution of the great bustard.
Upper ocean warming and sea ice reduction in the East Greenland Current from 2003 to 2019
Authors: de Steur Laura , Sumata Hiroshi , Divine Dmitry V. , Granskog Mats A. , Pavlova Olga 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe sea ice extent and sea ice thickness in the Arctic Ocean have declined consistently in the last decades. The loss of sea ice as well as warmer inflowing Atlantic Water have major consequences for the Arctic Ocean heat content and the watermasses flowing out from the Arctic. Sustained observations from ocean moorings show that the upper ocean temperature across the Arctic outflow with the East Greenland Current in the Fram Strait has increased significantly between 2003 and 2019. Polar Water contains more heat in summer due to lower sea ice concentration and longer periods of open water upstream. Warm returning Atlantic Water has a greater presence in the central Fram Strait in winter since 2015, impacting winter sea ice thickness and extent. Combined, these processes result in a reduced sea ice cover downstream along the whole east coast of Greenland with inevitable consequences for winter-time ocean convection and ecosystem functioning.
Direct transfer of a trifluoromethylsulfinyl group by a general reagent N-trifluoromethylsulfinylphthalimide under a catalytic or stoichiometric Lewis acid or Lewis base
Authors: Yang Liuqing , Wang Shuo , Liang Fangcan , Han Ying , Li Yilong , Shan Dingjian , Liu Lulu , Wang Qingling , Zhu Dianhu 
Published: July 2023

A method was developed for direct transfer of the trifluoromethylsulfinyl group to a wide range of nucleophiles by a general reagent N-trifluoromethylsulfinylphthalimide, via the activation of a catalytic or stoichiometric Lewis acid or Lewis base.
Global prospective case series of ERCPs using a single-use duodenoscope
Authors: Bruno Marco J. , Beyna Torsten , Carr-Locke David , Chahal Prabhleen , Costamagna Guido , Devereaux Benedict , Giovannini Marc , Goenka Mahesh K. , Khor Christopher , Lau James , May Gary , Muthusamy V. Raman , Patel Sandeep , Petersen Bret T. , Pleskow Douglas K. , Raijman Isaac , Reddy D. Nageshwar , Repici Alessandro , Ross Andrew S. , Sejpal Divyesh V. , Sherman Stuart , Siddiqui Uzma D. , Ziady Christopher , Peetermans Joyce A. , Rousseau Matthew J. , Slivka Adam ,   EXALT Single-use Duodenoscope Study Group
Published: July 2023

Background The first commercialized single-use duodenoscope was cleared by the US Food and Drug Administration in December 2019. Data regarding endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) using a single-use duodenoscope are needed on a broader range of cases conducted by endoscopists with varying levels of experience in a wide range of geographic areas.
Methods 61 endoscopists at 22 academic centers in 11 countries performed ERCP procedures in adult patients aged ≥ 18. Outcomes included ERCP completion for the intended indication, rate of crossover to a reusable endoscope, device performance ratings, and serious adverse events (SAEs).
Results Among 551 patients, 236 (42.8 %) were aged > 65, 281 (51.0 %) were men, and 256 (46.5 %) had their procedure as an inpatient. ERCPs included 196 (35.6 %) with American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy complexity of grades 3–4. A total of 529 ERCPs (96.0 %) were completed: 503 (91.3 %) using only the single-use duodenoscope, and 26 (4.7 %) with crossover to a reusable endoscope. There were 22 ERCPs (4.0 %) that were not completed, of which 11 (2.0 %) included a crossover and 11 (2.0 %) were aborted cases (no crossover). Median ERCP completion time was 24.0 minutes. Median overall satisfaction with the single-use duodenoscope was 8.0 (scale of 1 to 10 [best]). SAEs were reported in 43 patients (7.8 %), including 17 (3.1 %) who developed post-ERCP pancreatitis.
Conclusions In academic medical centers over a wide geographic distribution, endoscopists with varying levels of experience using the first marketed single-use duodenoscope had good ERCP procedural success and reported high performance ratings for this device.
Social inequality of urban park use during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yu Ling , Zhao Pengjun , Tang Junqing , Pang Liang , Gong Zhaoya 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough many studies have examined social inequalities related to urban parks, there is limited knowledge about the social inequalities of urban park use during crises. By integrating a large amount of mobile phone data and e-commerce user data, this study tracked 81,350 anonymized individuals’ urban park use behavior in Shenzhen, China, from 2019 to 2021, covering a period before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results reveal that while most of the parks saw a reduction of over 50% in the number of visitors, some parks, especially relatively small and remote parks, had more visitors after the pandemic began than before. In addition, COVID-19 has caused residents’ urban parks use time to decrease and such impacts are more severe in vulnerable groups (e.g., females, the elderly, juveniles, and low-income groups). Moreover, there are significant inequalities in urban park use between rich and poor communities, and COVID-19 has slightly exacerbated these inequalities. The study highlighted that integrating mobile phone data with e-commerce data is an effective way to unveil the complex social inequalities behind human behavior. Findings could help to improve social equality in urban park use as well as providing insights for evidence-informed decision-making in post-pandemic recovery and future crises.
The role of exact exchange on the structure of water dimer radical cation: Hydrogen bond vs hemibond
Authors: Busch Michael , Sotoudeh Mohsen 
Published: July 2023

Understanding the structure and chemical bonding in water dimers is central to the study of many (photo-)electrochemical oxidation reactions. Two structures of the water dimer radical cation, namely, proton-transfer and hemi-bonded structures, have been suggested using density functional theory (DFT) and coupled cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples [CCSD(T)]. Both structures are identified by us as local minima, and their relative stability strongly depends on the level of theory. The exact exchange correlates linearly to the energy difference between both local minima. DFT functionals with less than 20 percent exact exchange predict the hemi-bonded structure to be more stable, while more than 20 percent of the exact exchange stabilizes the proton-transfer structure. The latter structure is also confirmed by CCSD(T) benchmark computations. These computations, furthermore, indicate that the oxidized water dimer consists of a hydronium cation (H3O+) and an HO· radical. These results are reproduced by DFT functionals with more than 50% of exact exchange (BHandH, M06-2X, and M06-HF). The transition barrier for the interconversion from the proton-transfer to the hemi-bonded structure is 0.6 eV, while the reverse reaction has a barrier of 0.1 eV.
Compensating three-dimensional field inhomogeneity in cold atom Efimov-state search by a time-averaged optical potential
Authors: Liang Angang , Xie Yu , Huang Mingshan , Wang Bin , Zhou Shuyu , Liu Liang 
Published: July 2023

The Efimov effect and its universal property are of paramount importance in quantum few-body physics. Despite this, the predicted ground state Efimov resonance has not yet been observed in 39,40,41K–87Rb mixtures within the currently available observation window. Cooling atoms in the microgravity environment of outer space might overcome this limitation, whereas the residual curvature of the strong magnetic fields may result in significant atom leakage. In this work, we propose an optical method based on far-detuned time-averaged dipole potential to counteract the three-dimensional inhomogeneous field. The target intensity distribution can be conveniently obtained by modulating the central position of the quasi-1D print beam using acoustic optical modulators. Within a volume of 300 × 300 × 400 µm3, the residual potential fluctuations can be reduced by two orders of magnitude to less than 100 pK. The proposed approach offers a realistic prospect of investigating the Efimov-type resonance in the 40K–87Rb Bose–Fermi mixture.
A wide-incidence-angle insensitive multi-polarization converter based on reflective metasurface
Authors: Wu Jinghong , Wang Xin , Xiao Hui , Wang Yuxin , Fan Zhenteng , Zhang Huaiqing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a wide-incidence-angle insensitive reflective metasurface multi-polarization converter, using split-ring-resonators and cross oscillators structure. The simulated results indicate that the polarization conversion ratio for linear to linear (LTL) polarization conversion is greater than 90% in three frequency bands of 5.03–5.19 GHz (3.13%), 6.38–6.82 GHz (6.67%) and 7.38–7.44 GHz (0.81%). Meanwhile, the axial ratio for linear to circular (LTC) polarization conversion is less than 3 dB in four frequency bands of 4.79–5 GHz (4.29%), 5.24–6.27 GHz (17.90%), 6.94–7.35 GHz (5.74%) and 7.45–7.48 GHz (0.40%). LTL or LTC polarization conversion will not be affected when the incidence angle is tilted by 45° under both transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes. To verify the polarization conversion performance, a sample consisting of 18 × 18 unit cells is fabricated and measured. The measured results are found to be in reasonable agreement with the simulated results, demonstrating the potential application of this design for future microwave polarization state manipulation.
RCS reduction based on double parabolic phased metasurface
Authors: Zhao Song , Wu Chao , Zhang Zhihui , Jie Wang , Yu Xie , Li Song , Li Hongqiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a novel metasurface design strategy to realize broadband radar cross section (RCS) reduction. The phase distribution across the metasurface aperture can be regarded as applying an additional parabolic phase upon periodically arranged parabolic subarrays. Such a design fully utilizes the diffusive scattering nature of the parabolic phase distribution. Since the proposed metasurface is governed by only two focal lengths, the optimization procedure is quite easy compared to metasurface with random coding sequence. Experimental results show that the proposed metasurface can achieve more than 10 dB RCS reduction from 7.52 GHz to 19.66 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 89.3% under both linearly and circularly polarized normal incidences, and keeping a performance of more than 7 dB RCS reduction until the incident angle increases to 40° for both x-polarized and y-polarized incidences in the frequency range of 8–19.35 GHz. When the incident angle increases to 60°, 7 dB RCS reduction can still be obtained for x-polarized incidence from 7.9 GHz to 19.35 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 84%.