bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronary Artery Ectasia as a Predictor of Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients with Acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Saleh Saad Ahmed , Ahmed Gaafar Ayman , Salama Mai Abd El-Moniem , Mohamed Abd El-Mageed Randa 
Published: February 2023

Background: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is characterised as localised or widespread non-obstructive lesions of the epicardial coronary arteries with a luminal dilation more than 1.5 times the neighbouring normal segments or vessel diameter. Isolated CAE is CAE in the absence of severe coronary artery stenosis. This aberrant dilatation of coronary arteries can produce angina pectoris and even myocardial infarction in people without coronary artery disease owing to vasospasm, dissection, or thrombus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the connection between CAE and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) following acute myocardial infarction with ST elevation.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study which was carried out on 300 cases. Cases were divided into two groups: Group I: including about 22 STEMI cases with CAE and Group II: including about 278 STEMI cases without CAE. All cases in this study were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, laboratory tests, standard 12-leads ECG, resting transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), and coronary angiography.
Results: Regarding MACE in the studied groups, Incidence of reinfarction and cardiac death were significant higher in cases with STEMI and CAE than cases with STEMI alone. In univariate regression analysis, CAE (OR: 3.59, p value =0.022) was a significant predictor of cardiac death but age, male sex, and EF were not. Also, in multivariate regression analysis CAE (OR: 3.49, p value =0.029) was a significant predictor of cardiac death but age, male sex, and EF were not smoking with high warfarin consumption. Further, Markis classification 1 and 3 were the most frequent phenotype among cases. In STEMI cases, the incidence of reinfarction and cardiac death were significantly higher in cases with STEMI and CAE than cases with STEMI alone. So, CAE is a significant predictor of cardiac death.
Hemoglobin Level as a Predictor of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Short-term Outcomes in Stemi Patient Treated with Pharmacoinvasive Strategy versus Primary PCI
Authors: Abd-el-Sadek Al-Rossasy Ahmad Zakaria , Mohammad Al-Laithy Amany , Hussein El-Barbary Yasser , Mohammad Al-Masry Magdy 
Published: February 2023

Background: Anaemia is prevalent among cases with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and has been linked to poor clinical prognosis. Guidelines for cases with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) recommend timely primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) as the preferred reperfusion strategy. If timely pPCI cannot be performed, a pharmacoinvasive strategy (PI) is recommended within 12 hours of symptom onset. The aim of this work was to study and assess the impact of hemoglobin level as a predictor of MACE and short-term outcomes in cases treated with Primary PCI vs pharmacoinvasive strategy.
Methods: This prospective case-control observational study was conducted on 100 cases that were divided into 2 groups. Group I consisted of 50 anaemic cases & group II consisted of 50 cases that were not anaemic. Both groups were subdivided into A subgroups that underwent revascularization by pPCI and B subgroups that underwent revascularization by pharmacoinvasive strategy.
Results: There was no significant difference in LVEF, infarct site and final TIMI flow, the anaemic groups showed statistically significant more total MACE than non-anaemic groups whether revascularized by pPCI or pharmacoinvasive strategy. As expected, anaemic cases tended to have higher bleeding complications especially those undergoing pharmacoinvasive strategy. The anaemic cases also were less likely to be discharged on RAAS and beta blockers.
Conclusions: Anaemic cases whether revascularized with pPCI or pharmacoinvasive strategy tend to have higher incidence of MACE and major bleeding with no significant difference in mortality. There was no significant difference between LVEF between the study groups.
Effect of Exercise Program on Cancer Related Fatigue and Quality of Life among Patients Undergoing Cancer Treatment - Pilot Study (Part-2)
Authors: . Shambhavi , Lobo Diana 
Published: February 2023

Background: Even after effective treatment, cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most prevalent and debilitating issue for cancer patients. Daily life, social interactions, reintegration, and general quality of life are all severely impacted by CRF.
Aim: This study was done to determine the effect of exercise program on cancer related fatigue (CRF) and quality of life (QOL) among cancer patients on cancer treatment.
Materials and Methods: One group before-and-after study was done among patients with breast cancer, gynecological cancers, and head and neck cancers on cancer treatment who were selected by purposive sampling method, in selected hospital. Pretest CRF was assessed using a FACIT-F scale (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness therapy: Fatigue) and QOL was assessed by FACT-G (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy: General) Version 4 scale.
Results: Majority (60%) of the respondents were had >50 years of age. Maximum percentage of the sample (76.7%) were females and rest of them were males. Maximum percentage (33.3%) of the respondents had breast cancer and least percentage (10%) had neck cancer. The pretest fatigue score of the cancer patients (pre-test mean= 26.27) was lower than post-test fatigue scores (post- test1 =25.87, post -test 2 = 27.40 and post- test 3=29.00). Fatigue scores are interpreted as higher the score lower the fatigue level. Similarly, the mean and standard deviation of the QOL score at post -test 2 (48.60±7.152) which was higher than the pre-test mean and standard deviation (45.23±8.029). Repeated measures ANOVA, indicates that exercise programme is effective in reducing CRF and improving QOL(P=.05).
Conclusion: As per the study findings exercises shows effective in reducing CRF. Hence exercise programs may be used as adjunct therapy for cancer patients on cancer treatment to reduce CRF.
Effect of Nursing Intervention on Emotional Intelligence, Self-esteem and Empathy of Nursing Students Undergoing Clinical Experience in Paediatric Units-Pilot Study (Part-2)
Authors: Sera Castelino Patsey , Leonilda Mendonca Theresa 
Published: February 2023

Background: Nurses working in paediatric settings face a number of challenges. Nurses can be emotionally drained while they see their young patients suffer. Therefore, nurses need to be emotionally intelligent.
Objectives: The effect of nursing intervention on emotional intelligence (EI), self-esteem and empathy of baccalaureate nursing students undergoing clinical experience in paediatric units.
Materials and Methods: The present study adopted a quasi experimental repeated measures time series design in which 60 third year baccalaureate nursing students undergoing clinical experience in paediatric units were assigned to either the experimental or control groups. Pre testing of emotional intelligence, self-esteem and empathy was done using the EI (Pc-Sc) scale, Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire, respectively. The study intervention included a nursing intervention programme offered in 5 two-hour sessions for 5 days. Post-test was conducted on the 30th and 60th day.
Statistical Analysis: Two factor repeated measures ANOVA was used for comparison within the group and between the groups.
Results: In the experimental group, the mean and standard deviation of the different areas of EI and overall EI score, self-esteem and empathy at post test 2 were higher than the mean and standard deviation at pretest. There was a significant change in the EI, self-esteem and empathy scores in the follow ups in the experimental group, indicating that the nursing intervention was effective in enhancing the EI, self-esteem and empathy of baccalaureate nursing students.
Conclusion: Courses to train the emotional intelligence skills, self-esteem and empathy should be included in the nursing curriculum so as to improve nursing standards of both students and nurses in providing quality care to the patients.
Deciphering the Heterogeneity Landscape of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Precise Selection in Translational Medicine
Authors: Li Ye , Chen Yin‐Hsueh , Liu Bing‐Yun , Nie Qing , Li Li‐Jun , Duan Xu , Wu Lian‐Zhi , Chen Gang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMesenchymal stem/stromal cell‐derived extracellular vesicles (MSC‐EVs) have been considered promising therapeutics for disease treatments. However, MSC‐EVs harvested from different tissues present unique biological features reflective of their origins. The heterogeneity of MSC‐EVs constitutes an important barrier to their precise application in clinical translation that may probably lead to uncertain therapeutic effects. To give hints for future clinical translation, five MSCs are employed, whose derived EVs are most intensively utilized, namely bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMMSCs), umbilical cord stem/stromal cells (UCSCs), adipose‐derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs), dermal stem/stromal cells (DSCs) and dental pulp stem/stromal cells (DPSCs) and the heterogeneity landscape of the corresponding MSC‐EVs are documented. Overall, the basic parameters, stability, and biosafety of different MSC‐EVs are indiscriminate. Strikingly, UCSC‐EVs exhibit distinguishing productivity. UCSC‐EVs as well as DPSC‐EVs present better drug loading/delivery capacity. In addition, the heterogeneity of different MSC‐EVs in cargo diversity, cellular affinity, organ biodistribution, and therapeutic effects may cue the rational selection in different disease treatments. Through a combined assessment, a rational strategy is combined for selecting MSC‐EVs in future clinics. Offering a panoramic view of MSC‐EVs harvested from different tissues, the current study may provide guidelines for the precise selection of MSC‐EVs in next‐generation therapeutics.
Advanced Biomaterials for Promoting Endometrial Regeneration
Authors: Yin Zhe , Wang Juan , Cui Wenguo , Tong Chao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe endometrium, as the innermost structure of the uterine cavity, plays a direct role in the implantation of the fertilized egg, its conception, and the formation of normal menstruation. In recent years, with the increasing rate of uterus‐related surgeries, the damaged endometrium often fails to repair itself to its original state, resulting in a high incidence of menstrual disorders and reduced fertility in women in their reproductive years. Therefore, it is essential to repair the damaged endometrium to reduce menstrual disorders, pregnancy difficulties, and other adverse events. Biomaterials have become an important medical tool for tissue repair due to their excellent biocompatibility, shape plasticity, and functional versatility. Functional biomedical materials play an important role in endometrial repair through rational design, which is expected to fundamentally address the current shortcomings of endometrial repair to maximize repair, maintain female fertility, and solve the problem of medically induced endometrial destruction. This review describes the potential and several aspects of the design, function, and application of different biomedical materials capable of repairing endometrium. In brief, this review provides a comprehensive summary and outlook of biomaterials for endometrial repair.
A Versatile Design‐Enabled Analysis of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles in Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Liu Qi , Yao Jianhua , Huang Zichen , Wang Shuning , Jiang Jizong , Cao Ya , Bei Yihua , Zhao Jing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCirculating extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered as potential biomarkers for treatment and diagnosis of many diseases. Most of the existing methods for the EV analysis only have a single function and thus reveal limited information carried by EVs. Herein, a phosphatidylserine‐targeting peptide‐facilitated design that enables the versatile analysis of circulating EVs for varying requirement is proposed. In the design, DNA probes are inserted into the EV membrane through hydrophobic interactions, and accelerate the removal of protective shielding from DNA‐gated metal–organic framework, thereby releasing a large number of methylene blue molecules to amplify the electrochemical signal. Electrochemical results demonstrate equally high sensitivities toward the quantification of EVs derived from different cell sources using an indiscriminative DNA probe. More importantly, the probe can be endowed with extended function for more accurate classification of cell‐specific features through the identification of specific EV biomarkers, and demonstrates the potential use in the diagnosis of cardiovascular in a principle‐of‐proof study for clinical application. Therefore, the method provides a versatile design for the identification of EV features, and may address the needs of clinical diagnosis in the future.
Fracture Detection in Bio‐Glues with Fluorescent‐Protein‐Based Optical Force Probes
Authors: Zhou Yu , Centeno Silvia P. , Zhang Kuan , Zheng Lifei , Göstl Robert , Herrmann Andreas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlues are being used to bond, seal, and repair in industry and biomedicine. The improvement of gluing performance is hence important for the development of new glues with better and balanced property spaces, which in turn necessitates a mechanistic understanding of their mechanical failure. Optical force probes (OFPs) allow the observation of mechanical material damage in polymers from the macro‐ down to the microscale, yet have never been employed in glues. Here, the development of a series of ratiometric OFPs based on fluorescent‐protein–dye and protein–protein conjugates and their incorporation into genetically engineered bio‐glues is reported. The OFPs are designed to efficiently modulate Förster resonance energy transfer upon force application thereby reporting on force‐induced molecular alterations independent of concentration and fluorescence intensity both spectrally and through their fluorescence lifetime. By fluorescence spectroscopy in solution and in the solid state and by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, stress concentrations are visualized and adhesive and cohesive failure in the fracture zone is differentiated.
Picoampere Dark Current and Electro‐Opto‐Coupled Sub‐to‐Super‐linear Response from Mott‐Transition Enabled Infrared Photodetector for Near‐Sensor Vision Processing
Authors: Kumar Mohit , Lim Seokwon , Kim Jisu , Seo Hyungtak 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLight‐intensity selective superlinear photodetectors with ultralow dark current can provide an essential breakthrough for the development of high‐performing near‐sensor vision processing. However, the development of near‐sensor vision processing is not only conceptually important for device operation (given that sensors naturally exhibit linear/sublinear responses), but also essential to get rid of the massive amount of data generated during object sensing and classification with noisy inputs. Therefore, achieving the giant superlinear photoresponse while maintaining the picoampere leakage current, irrespective of the measurement bias, is one of the most challenging tasks. Here, Mott material (vanadium dioxide) and silicon‐based integrated infrared photodetectors are developed that show giant superlinear photoresponse (exponent >18) and ultralow dark current of 4.46 pA. Specifically, the device demonstrates an electro‐opto‐coupled insulator‐to‐metal transition, which leads to outstanding photocurrent on/off ratio (>106), a high responsivity (>1 mA W−1), and excellent detectivity (>1012 Jones), while maintaining response speed (τr = 6 µs and τf = 10 µs). Further, intensity‐selective near‐sensor processing is demonstrated and night vision pattern reorganization even with noisy inputs is exhibited. This research will pave the way for the creation of high‐performance photodetectors with potential uses, such as in night vision, pattern recognition, and neuromorphic processing.
Highly Selective On‐Surface Reactions of Aryl Propiolic Acids via Decarboxylative Coupling
Authors: Kong Huihui , Viergutz Lena , Liu Lacheng , Sandvoß Alexander , Peng Xinchen , Klaasen Henning , Fuchs Harald , Studer Armido 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAryl propiolic acids are introduced as a new class of monomers in the field of on‐surface chemistry to build up poly(arylenebutadiynylenes) through decarboxylative Glaser coupling. As compared to aryl alkynes that are routinely used in the on‐surface Glaser coupling, it is found that the decarboxylative coupling occurs at slightly lower temperature and with excellent selectivity. Activation occurs through decarboxylation for the propiolic acids, whereas the classical Glaser coupling is achieved through alkyne CH activation, and this process shows poor selectivity. The efficiency of the decarboxylative coupling is documented by the successful polymerization of bis(propiolic acids) as monomers. It is also found that the new activation mode is compatible with aryl bromide functionalities, which allows the formation of unsymmetric metal‐organic polymers on the surface by chemoselective sequential reactions. All transformations are analyzed by a scanning tunneling microscope and are further studied by density functional theory calculations.
Terminal Atom‐Controlled Etching of 2D‐TMDs
Authors: Huang Ziwei , Deng Wei , Zhang Zhengwei , Zhao Bei , Zhang Hongmei , Wang Di , Li Bailing , Liu Miaomiao , Huangfu Ying , Duan Xidong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe controlled etching of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (2D‐TMDs) is critical to understanding the growth mechanisms of 2D materials and patterning 2D materials but remains a major comprehensive challenge. Here, a rational strategy to control the terminal atoms of 2D‐TMDs etched holes is reported. Using laser irradiation combined with an improved anisotropic thermal etching process under a determined atmosphere, terminal atom‐controlled etched hole arrays are created on 2D‐TMDs. By adjusting the gas atmosphere during the thermal etching stage, triangular etched hole arrays terminated by the tungsten zigzag (W‐ZZ) edge (in an Ar/H2 atmosphere), hexagonal etched hole arrays terminated alternately by the W‐ZZ edge and sulfur (selenium) zigzag (S‐ZZ or Se‐ZZ) edge (in a pure Ar atmosphere), and triangular etched hole arrays terminated by the S‐ZZ (Se‐ZZ) edge (in an Ar/sulfur [selenium] vapor atmosphere) can be obtained. Density functional theory reveals the forming energy of different edges and the different activities of metal atoms and chalcogenide atoms under different atmospheres, which determine the terminal atoms of the holes. This work may enhance the understanding of the etching and growth of 2D‐TMDs. The 2D‐TMDs hole arrays constructed by this work may have important applications in catalysis, nonlinear optics, spintronics, and large‐scale integrated circuits.
Poly‐N‐isopropylacrylamide Colloidal Arrays as Templates for Droplet‐Assisted Fabrication of Plasmonic Nanostructure Patterns
Authors: Balderas‐Valadez Ruth Fabiola , Nagel Alessandro , Kanehira Yuya , Bald Ilko , Pacholski Claudia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe homogeneous and ordered coverage of substrate surfaces with nanostructures is still a challenge and is often tackled today, for example, by inkjet printing. In this case, drying effects in printed liquid droplets can lead to undesired pattern formation. Herein, colloidal arrays of poly‐N‐isopropylacrylamide are used for site‐selective self‐assembly of gold nanoparticles on large areas. The soft colloids support the drying process of gold nanoparticle dispersion droplets and leave room for capillary convection and Marangoni convection flow. This results in homogenous gold nanoparticle arrays with different shapes after drying, which can be converted into solid gold nanostructures by thermal treatment, paving the way for a simple bottom‐up fabrication strategy for highly ordered nanostructure arrays on large areas.
Band Structure and Exciton Dynamics in Quasi‐2D Dodecylammonium Halide Perovskites
Authors: Ammirati Giuseppe , Martelli Faustino , O'Keeffe Patrick , Turchini Stefano , Paladini Alessandra , Palummo Maurizia , Giorgi Giacomo , Cinquino Marco , De Giorgi Milena , De Marco Luisa , Catone Daniele 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFemtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (FTAS) is an important tool to investigate the physics of halide perovskites having different dimensionality, morphology, and architectures, giving insights into the electronic and excitonic optical transitions. Here, FTAS on monolayer (n = 1) and multilayer (n = 2, 3) quasi‐2D perovskites in the Ruddlesden–Popper phase: DA2MAn‐1PbnI3n+1 (DAMAPI) is presented, with the dodecylammonium (DA = CH3‐(CH2)11‐NH3+) as the spacer and methylammonium (MA = CH3NH3+) as the organic cation for samples with n > 1. The measurements, performed at 77 K and room temperature using several pump energies and excitation densities, allow the observation of different absorption bleaching energies. Those energies are compared with the results of first‐principles theoretical simulations based on density functional theory, the GW method, and the Bethe–Salpeter equation and assigned to transitions involving excitons with principal quantum numbers 1s and 2s. The temporal analysis of the absorption bleaching indicates the exciton–exciton annihilation as the main relaxation mechanism in the first picoseconds after excitation, while exciton radiative recombination is observed at longer time delays (>100 ps). Therefore, FTAS allows the study of the carrier dynamics and, given its high sensitivity to carrier density changes, the observation of spectral features not observable with steady‐state measurements.
First‐Principles Molecular Dynamics Study on Ionic Structure and Transport Properties of NaCl‐MgCl2‐CaCl2Ternary Molten Salt System
Authors: Deng Pan , Li Liang , Jia Yaoqiang , Jiang Wenlong , Liu Dachun , Chen Xiumin , Kong Lingxin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe carbochlorination in molten salt is an effective method for titanium extraction form low‐grade titanium slag with a high calcium and magnesium content. However, in industrial practice, the fluidity of molten salt will gradually decrease with the increase of CaCl2content. It is important to elucidate the influencing mechanism of CaCl2content on the microstructure and diffusion properties of molten salt for the rational selection of a molten salt system and clean utilization of titanium slag. In this study, the densities of molten salt systems with different CaCl2contents are measured according to the Archimedes principle. Then, using the first‐principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) method, the ionic structure and transport properties of NaCl‐MgCl2‐CaCl2ternary molten salt systems under different CaCl2contents are qualitatively and quantitatively described by determining the partial radial distribution functions (PRDF), coordination number (CN), angular distribution functions (ADF), and diffusion coefficient (DC). The results show that with the addition of CaCl2, Ca2+ion complexed with Cl−ion to form larger ionic clusters, which reduced the proportion of free Cl−ion and restricted the diffusion of Cl−ion.