bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MODERATION OF CUSTODIAL GRANDPARENT’S WELLNESS AND GRANDCHILD'S BEHAVIOR BY RELATIONSHIP QUALITY
Authors: Olson Marin , Pyles Karly , Lopez Acacia , Scott Rachel , Nadorff Danielle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A growing number of grandparents are assuming care of their grandchildren, and both grandparents and children report higher levels of stress than their peers, although the source of this stress remains largely unexplored. In Conger & Donnellan’s Family Stress Model, a parent’s distress can impact the levels of distress experienced by their child, and previous research indicates that parent/child relationship quality impacts children’s mental health. This study extended this to custodial grandfamilies, by investigating whether the relationship quality of custodial grandparents (GP) and grandchildren (GC) would moderate the relation between the health of GC and the wellness of their GP. Participants include 322 custodial grandparents within the United States recruited via Qualtrics Research Panel Survey (m age = 55.66 yr., 86.1% female). Measures included the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist, Kivnick’s Grandparent Meaning Scale, and grandparents’ wellness. Moderation of relationship quality on the relation between the GP’s wellness and internalizing behaviors of the GC was tested using SPSS’ Process macro. A significant interaction was found (t = 2.31, p = .02) wherein GP’s wellness was not predictive of changes in GC’s behavior for the group with high relationship quality, but greater GP wellness was associated with less GC internalizing behaviors when relationship quality was low (p &lt; .001). These findings indicate that when a GP feels that they have a more positive relationship with their GC, there is a greater likelihood that they will report fewer health concerns and fewer GC’s internalizing behavior symptoms.
OLDER ADULTS’ RESILIENT IDENTITY APPRAISALS: WHO AM I COMPARED TO MYSELF AND OTHERS?
Authors: Bouchard Lauren , Manning Lydia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Resilience is the adaptation of bouncing back from adverse life events. Older adults provide rich and varied resilience narratives of personal growth across the life course, especially related to others. Many people describe resilience as part of their identity, formed in childhood and maintained throughout adulthood. As adults age, they continually integrate new information into their identity, and aging presents long-term adversity and new life course challenges that older people must navigate. This qualitative study explored how older adults describe their sense of resilient identity compared to their younger selves and other older adults in their lives. Our narrative findings indicate resilience narratives often include comparative appraisals to the strengths and weaknesses of younger selves (e.g., “I am more emotionally resilient, but not as physically strong as I used to be”). Additionally, our findings show older adults comparing their resilience to others in a similar age category (e.g., “I do not complain like my friends”). Comparisons to other older adults fit two themes: empathic and connected and judgmental and distanced. We conclude the participants who view other older adults in an empathic and connected way maintained solid social connections and a general sense of interconnectedness, while those in the judgmental and distanced category might be reacting to internalized ageism. The social implications of these findings will be discussed in detail. In addition to specific examples, our study also provides limitations and future directions in resilient identity and resilience appraisals.
INCREASING THE SENSE OF IDENTITY AND INTEGRITY: AN INTERVENTION STUDY OF ACTIVE AGING AND AUTOBIOGRAPHY WORKSHOPS
Authors: Ikeuchi Tomoko , Ono Mayuko , Yamazaki Sachiko , Hayashida Cullen , Tomioka Michiyo , Shimada Chiho , Osada Hisao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Identity and integrity (i.e., a sense of coherence and wholeness) are important elements for psychosocial development in later stages of life as described in Erikson’s life-span developmental theory. This study aimed to develop an intervention program to increase the sense of identity and integrity among older adults. The program included two types of workshops to examine the combined impact of searching for one’s post-retirement identity and clarifying personal goals and purpose for later life. The first workshop, Introductory of Active Aging, focused on providing the knowledge and skills necessary to prepare for life after retirement. The second workshop, Creating Your Life History, focused on a life review and composing one’s life history using the guided autobiography method developed by Birren. The study used a crossover design with a one-week break interval between the two workshops. Each workshop was conducted weekly with a two-hour session over four weeks. Thirty-eight participants aged 60 to 80 attended both workshops between October and December 2021 at a community center in Tokyo, Japan. The sense of identity and integrity were assessed using the Japanese version of the Erikson Psychosocial Inventory Scale (EPSI) at baseline and after completing both workshops (9th week). The scores of both identity and integrity increased significantly among participants who completed two workshops in sequence. This crossover study showed no statistical difference in the effects of each workshop. Further work is needed to monitor the long-term impact of these workshops in clarifying one’s identity and achieving satisfaction with self in later life.
THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF SELF-OBJECTIFICATION AND BODY ESTEEM ON AGE AND MOOD
Authors: Tran Sydney , Sherman Aurora 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectification theory is a well-established framework that outlines the consequences of being sexually objectified (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997). One of the major consequences of sexual objectification is self-objectification, or the tendency to internalize an observer’s perspective on one’s own body and the learned behavior to value one’s physical appearance over one’s body functionality. Self-objectification has been linked to poorer subjective well-being and poorer body image in college-aged women but has not yet been examined among older adult women. This study recruited a group of younger (N = 132 ; M age = 20.93, range = 18-26) and older (N = 86; M age = 67.83, range = 48-90) adult women to examine age differences in self-objectification and their relationships with body esteem and negative mood and anxiety. This study tested a serial mediation model using Model 6 of the Hayes PROCESS Macro in SPSS, in which self-objectification and body esteem were hypothesized to mediate the relationship between age and negative mood and anxiety. After controlling for sexual orientation, marital status, and education, results indicated that the standardized indirect effect was significant, B = -.09, SE = .03, 95% CI [-.16, -.04], suggesting that self-objectification and its related consequences are not unique to young adult women and that women of all ages are negatively impacted by self-objectification.
RURAL-URBAN DISPARITIES IN COMORBIDITY BETWEEN OBESITY AND DIABETES AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Bae Youngjoon 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are common among older Americans. While obesity is a risk factor for diabetes, research on rural-urban health disparities among older adults has reported paradoxical results. That is, living in rural areas is a risk marker of obesity, whereas rural residency is inversely associated with diabetes. This study utilized multiple national data resources to diagnose the inconsistency, including the 2006-2016 RAND HRS Longitudinal data, biomarker data, the 2010 US Census, and the USDA food access information. HRS survey participants 65 to 97 years of age comprised the study sample (N=6,476). General generalized estimating equation models with survey weights were used to estimate associations with measured obesity and diabetes. Age, race, Hispanic status, foreign-born status, education, marital status, working status, wealth, physical activity, smoking, drinking, ADL, IADL, loneliness, depression, cholesterol, HDL, CRP, and Cystatin C were included as control variables. Findings suggest that rurality is associated with a higher likelihood of obesity and a lower likelihood of diabetes, particularly for older women. However, by adjusting for confounders, these relationships disappeared. Instead, social isolation indicated significant associations with a lower likelihood of obesity and a higher likelihood of diabetes among older women. Contrary to prior research, the food desert and food insecurity measures did not correlate with both outcome variables. Further investigation on food consumption and dietary behavior among socially isolated older women is needed.
THE GUIDING POWER OF LOSS REFLECTION: FINAL MEMORIES AND FUTURE CARE
Authors: Mroz Emily 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The life story framework emphasizes that past loss experiences guide current attitudes and behaviors. Final memories from the death of a spouse promote post-loss meaning-making. Through reliable narrative analysis, this study delineates positive and negative affective sequences in final memories from spousal loss in older adults (N = 65; Mage = 81.59). It also examines reported confidence in successfully caring for another seriously ill close other the future. Results demonstrate that 62% of participants narrated their final memories with affect, and 38% told semantic, affectively neutral narratives. Additionally, those who narrated positive or neutral final memories exhibited more confidence in future caregiving than those who narrated negative memories, t = 2.24, p &lt; .05. As care systems are increasingly reliant on family members to provide car for the seriously ill, links between past loss experiences, current caregiving confidence, and future care mastery emerge as areas of research prioritization.
ASSESSING STEREOTYPES OF OLDER ADULTS THROUGH DRAWING: IMPLICATIONS FOR PEDAGOGY IN UNDERGRADUATE AGING COURSES
Authors: Pate Melannie , Fugate-Whitlock Elizabeth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Negative stereotypes and ageism toward older adults remain an insidious problem in the United States. These harmful views of older adults can lead to disparities in health care, social isolation, and loss of functional ability. In order to supplement current research on the perceptions of older adults, the researchers focus on the views of undergraduate students before and after taking an aging course. The students included in this study are enrolled in an undergraduate health and aging course or an undergraduate introduction to gerontology course. Before beginning any coursework, students were asked to draw an older adult, using any combination of colored markers available and to write one sentence describing an older adult. At the end of the course, students were again given the same directive to draw an older adult, using any combination of colored markers, and write one sentence describing an older adult. Content analysis was used to analyze the drawings and the phrases. Colors used and depictions of activity in the drawings changed from the first day of class to the end of the course, showing a progression of their views. Drawings were chosen specifically to elicit honest responses and perceptions of older adults. The results of this study can be used to inform pedagogical choices made when teaching courses on aging to undergraduate students.
STANDING UP TO AGEISM: PERCEPTIONS OF SIXTY AND EIGHTY YEAR-OLD ADULTS WHO REJECT BENEVOLENT AGEISM
Authors: Chasteen Alison , Saleem Zainab , Horhota Michelle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Older people encounter ageism in a variety of daily contexts, yet the consequences of confronting ageist behavior by older targets are not well understood. The present study asked whether the age of the older target who accepts versus rejects an act of benevolent ageism results in different impressions of the older target. Young (N = 368) and older (N = 388) adults read a scenario in which either a 60 or 80 year-old individual accepted or rejected benevolent ageism in the form of unwanted help. Participants then evaluated the older target’s warmth, competence, and overall impression of the target. Consistent with pre-registered hypotheses, competence ratings increased but warmth and overall impression ratings decreased when the older target rejected benevolent ageism compared with accepting it. Also consistent with predictions, older participants rated the older target more positively on all measures compared with younger participants. Surprisingly, the 80 year-old target was rated as warmer and made a more positive overall impression than did the 60 year-old target. Target age did not moderate reactions to accepting or rejecting unwanted help, suggesting that perceivers did not distinguish between young-old and old-old targets when evaluating an older target that confronts benevolent ageism. Taken together, these findings are consistent with research on confronting prejudice in general, whereby such confrontations can result in both positive and negative outcomes. Although older adults may reaffirm their competence through rejecting benevolent ageism they will also face the social cost of being viewed as less warm.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE FAMILIAL AGEISM SCALE
Authors: Walker Ruth , Kinkade Emily , Zelin Alexandra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Researchers have found a tie between family relationships and the physical and mental health outcomes of older adults (Kelly et al., 2017; Silverstein & Giarrusso, 2010). Researchers have also established the negative impact of ageism on the physical and mental health of older adults (Chang et al., 2020; Lyons et al., 2018). However, studies studying the impact of ageism perpetuated by family members is relatively unexplored. This may be due to a lack of measures to assess ageism perpetuated by family members specifically. To address this gap, the goal of the current study was to design a tool to measure experiences with familial ageism. Scale items were created based on the review and analysis of qualitative data on this topic (Walker & Kinkade, in prep). Items were reviewed by scholars for content and clarity. Two studies were then conducted to develop and validate our measure to assess experiences with ageism within the family context. In the first study, 151 participants completed the familial ageism items. The factor structure, convergent and divergent validity of the items were examined. We found evidence of strong psychometric properties for five related, but unique, factors in the retained items: Benevolent Ageism, Technological Competency, Out of Touch, Aging Appearance, and General Competence. Construct, convergent, and divergent validity was supported with small to large correlations with scales measuring general ageism, depression, and ego integrity. A second study with 282 participants confirmed the five-factor structure. Implications and recommendations for scale utilization will be discussed.
KNEE OA AS A SYSTEMIC MODEL OF AGING
Authors: Lox Dennis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) and aging, may be viewed differently by various patients and health care providers. Aging is now considered as a systemic interplay of molecular, cellular, tissue, hormonal, and body dysfunctions. Important drivers of these factors lead to osteoarthritis, coronary artery disease, cancer and dementia. An understanding of each as its progresses can alter morbidity. The proposed theories of aging hold true for knee OA. A simple joint compartment model, such as the knee, may help this understanding. A degenerative knee OA joint is a progressive disorder, just like aging. Knee OA may be accelerated by trauma, aging, decreased autophagy, cellular changes, cytokine production, disruption of the matrix, and cellular senescence. The associated SASP leads to the progressive cascade of degenerative changes. Understanding how to mitigate these affects provides a framework for a longer healthspan. Obesity, and it’s adipokines exacerbate the inflammation, and compound weigh bearing stress. Promotion of longevity pathways, stimulate repair via Sirt, AMPK, FOXO and decreased stimulation of MTor, and FOXO4- P53 coupling. The resulting changes can altering the nature of the accelerated nature of progressive knee OA. Joint conservation, unregulated IL-4, IL-10, IRAP, and down regulation of NF-kB, and the ensuing cascade of HMBG1, and DAMP. Hippocrates wrote walking is man’s best medicine, however, with knee OA this may need amendment, to encourage proper medical guidance for appropriate exercise and diet. It is time to merge knee OA and aging models to work in harmony for prolonged health span.
STABILIZING ROLE OF HCN CHANNELS ON POST-CAMP MECHANISMS OF DETRUSOR MYOCYTE CONTROL
Authors: Ramasamy Ramalakshmi , AlObaidi Alya , Smith Phillip 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aging is associated with an increased incidence of co-morbidities, including detrusor underactivity (DU). DU is defined as the failure to create sufficient and durable expulsive force to adequately empty the urinary bladder during a normal voiding timespan. DU is prevalent in older adults, as evidenced by its prevalence in nearly two-thirds of nursing home residents. Current treatments are mostly palliative or come with many side effects. β-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation is the primary mechanism of detrusor relaxation, and Hyperpolarization-activated Cyclic Nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels have previously been identified by us and others as a very important mediator of this relaxation, however the role of HCN in detrusor relaxation has not been elucidated. Hence, we seek to characterize its role in adrenergic relaxation mechanisms and spontaneous myocyte activity. Male and female 10–12-month-old C57Bl/6 mice were used for this study. Pharmacomyography studies were performed to assess the effect of different drugs that act at various steps along the adrenergic relaxation pathway, +/- CsCl, an HCN blockade at [5mM]. As expected, we saw that increasing HCN opening probability by isoproterenol or forskolin (adenylyl cyclase/cAMP-agonist) or lamotrigine (HCN-activator) resulted in decreases in tonic tension, but were diminished in the presence of CsCl. Mechanisms modulated by H89 (PKA-inhibitor) and NS1619 (BK-channel-agonist) show no change in tonic tension, however spontaneous phasic activity significantly increases. These data support increased cAMP, not hyperpolarization, as the key inductor of HCN in adrenergic relaxation.
HOW DO INTERPERSONAL FACTORS AFFECT GRIEF AMONG BLACK MIDDLE- TO OLDER-AGED ADULTS?
Authors: McDuffie Danielle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This talk will explore: 1) the conceptual importance of select interpersonal factors inherent to Black culture and bereavement, and 2) the impact of these factors on grief in a Black bereaved sample. 103 Black adults aged 45+ were administered items assessing cultural (communalism, experienced racial violence) and bereavement-specific (expectancy and suddenness of loss, closeness to the deceased, anger) factors. Using linear regressions, closeness (p&lt;.001), suddenness (p=.020), anger (p&lt;.001), and communalism (p&lt;.001) predicted reported levels of grief. This study identifies factors which substantially dictate the experienced levels of grief of bereaved Black adults in the latter half of life. With cultural factors notably impacting the Black bereavement experience, individuals seeking to work with this population must adopt strategies to keep bereaved Black adults connected to their communities throughout their loss. Resources to support Black adults in maintaining healthy continuing bonds with the deceased through abrupt or unsettling losses also appear paramount.
RETURNED MISSING PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA: WHAT ROLE CAN FIRST RESPONDERS AND SERVICE PROVIDERS PLAY?
Authors: Daum Christine , McLennan Lauren , Letts Elyse , Conway Cathy , Liu Lili 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The number of people living with dementia that wander and go missing is increasing. First responders and service providers play a role in the return of a missing person living with dementia. In the United Kingdom (UK), “return home interviews” are discussions between police and returned missing persons that offer support to the returned missing person to prevent repeat incidents. This study aims to explore and understand the role of first responders and service providers who follow-up with returned missing persons living with dementia. Eight service providers (e.g., social workers) and seven first responders (e.g., police officers) from Canada and the UK participated in online semi-structured interviews. Data were concurrently collected and analyzed using conventional content analysis. In the UK, police conduct “return home interviews” within 72 hours of the missing person’s return. Some charities conduct interviews with vulnerable populations to prevent repeat missing incidents by understanding the circumstances of the missing incident and connecting the person to community supports. In Canada, although follow-up with returned missing persons is not routine, some police units offer support to returned missing older adults. Government and community support organizations also offer supports to returned missing older adults such as referrals for in-home support, technologies, and vulnerable person registries. Service providers and first responders have an important role to play in the prevention of repeat missing incidents. Findings will contribute to the development of a Canadian practice guide for conducting interviews with returned missing persons living with dementia.
THE EFFECTS OF LIFETIME EXPERIENCES OF HOMELESSNESS AND INCARCERATION ON COGNITIVE AGING
Authors: Hanes Douglas , Clousten Sean 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) remain a pressing health concern in the U.S., and this burden and access to care are unequally distributed across the population. The U.S. has one of the highest incarceration rates globally, which is also unequally distributed; and groups like veterans, formerly incarcerated people, and sexual and gender minorities (SGM) face high risk of homelessness. Homelessness and incarceration are potentially traumatic experiences in themselves. Both experiences are more likely among people with less formal education, less economic security, and racialized groups, even as they reduce educational and economic opportunities. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; 1998–2016), we investigate whether self-reported lifetime experiences of homelessness and incarceration (including time spent incarcerated) are associated with cognitive functioning and risk of possible dementia. Multilevel modeling adjusted for age, education, and other demographic covariates revealed that lifetime experiences of homelessness and incarceration are associated with lower cognition (Homelessness: β=-1.231, p&lt; .001; Incarceration: β=-0.929; p &lt; .001), but slower aging-related declines (Homelessness-slopes: β=0.044, p&lt;.001; Incarceration-slope β=0.041; p&lt;.001), and homelessness moderated the impact of prior incarceration (β=-1.789; p&lt;.001), but less-steep declines (β=0.092; p &lt;.001). Homelessness and incarceration, independent of their other risk factors and associated harms, have associations with ADRD risk.