bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Barraclough Allison , Hawkes Eliza , Sehn Laurie H. , Smith Sonali M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLarge B‐cell lymphoma, the prototype of aggressive non‐Hodgkin lymphomas, is both the most common lymphoma and accounts for the highest global burden of lymphoma‐related deaths. For nearly 4 decades, the goal of treatment has been “cure”, first based on CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone), and subsequently with rituximab plus CHOP. However, there is significant clinical, pathologic, and biologic heterogeneity, and not all patients are cured. Understanding and incorporating this biologic heterogeneity into treatment decisions unfortunately is not yet standard of care. Despite this gap, we now have significant advances in frontline, relapsed, and refractory settings. The POLARIX trial shows, for the first time, improved progression‐free survival in a prospective randomized phase 3 setting. In the relapsed and refractory settings, there are now many approved agents/regimens, and several bispecific antibodies poised to join the arsenal of options. While chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy is discussed in detail elsewhere, it has quickly become an excellent option in the second‐line setting and beyond. Unfortunately, special populations such as older adults continue to have poor outcomes and be underrepresented in trials, although a new generation of trials aim to address this disparity. This brief review will highlight the key issues and advances that offer improved outcomes to an increasing portion of patients.
Adenovirus VA RNAs impair maturation of primary microRNA
Authors: Kim Ji Hyun , Lee Chang Ho , Lee Seong‐Wook 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdenovirus expresses two non‐coding virus‐associated (VA) RNAs: VA I RNA and VA II RNA. Adenovirus‐expressed VA RNAs interfere with the microRNA (miRNA) pathway by competing with precursor miRNAs. The processing pattern of primary miRNA (pri‐miRNA) and factors to affect its processing are not exactly known when using adenovirus for the delivery of pri‐miRNA.MethodsTo observe pri‐miRNA processing, plasmid construct encoding pri‐miRNA was co‐transfected with VA I/II RNA expression plasmid, or recombinant adenovirus encoding pri‐miRNA was generated and infected. Levels of miRNAs, VA I RNA and VA II RNA were analyzed by a quantitative real‐time PCR (RT‐PCR). VA I–II full‐length RNA was analyzed by a RT‐PCR. RNA immunoprecipitation analysis to pull‐down the VA I–II full‐length RNA binding with Drosha was conducted with Drosha antibody.Resultspri‐miRNA was normally processed into mature miRNA when it was expressed in cells using plasmid. However, miRNA maturation was impaired when pri‐miRNA was delivered and expressed using adenovirus. Of note, pri‐miRNA processing was observed to be blocked by VA RNA expression. Such blocked processing could be recovered by introducing antisense RNA of VA RNA, anti‐3′VA RNA. In addition, VA RNAs were transcribed into VA I–II full‐length RNA, which was found to bind and sequester Drosha.ConclusionsAdenovirus infection downregulated the processing of pri‐miRNAs in cells, and such downregulation could be derived from VA I–II full‐length RNAs in pri‐miRNA‐like form through competitively binding to Drosha protein. These results indicated that the expression of adenovirus VA RNAs should be inhibited for successful delivery and expression of pri‐miRNA or shRNA in cells using adenovirus.
Graphs with the unique path property: Structure, cycles, factors, and constructions
Authors: Etzion Tuvi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn a directed graph with the unique path property, there is a unique directed path of a given length between any ordered pair of its vertices. Such graphs, their paths, cycles, factors, and other properties, were extensively studied during the years, mainly in the context of de Bruijn graphs, forming the most important family of such graphs. Such a graph is equivalent to a binary matrix for which , where is the all‐ones matrix. In this paper, some new results on the structural properties of such graphs, which are not necessarily de Bruijn graphs, are proved. We mainly concentrate on such graphs for which each vertex has in‐degree two and out‐degree two. The minimum number and the maximum number of vertices which are reached from a given vertex using all paths of length smaller than are considered. We provide an exact formula for the number of factors in these graphs and show that this number depends only on the number of alternating cycles in the graph, where in an alternating cycle every two consecutive edges have opposite directions in the cycle. Constructions of such graphs using several methods are presented. In particular, we present a new construction which provides a large set of such graphs with long alternating cycles. We define the integral graph and the derivative graph and implement these definitions on this family of graphs. Various properties from the point of view of the de Bruijn graph and the theory of nonsingular shift‐registers sequences are also considered. Finally, generalizations for graphs in which the in‐degree and the out‐degree of each vertex are greater than two are also discussed.
Regioselective synthesis of fused pyrimidines and quinazolines linked to Phenoxy‐N‐arylacetamide moieties as novel hybrid molecules via Biginelli‐like reaction
Authors: Abdelmoniem Amr M. , Abdelwahab Reham E. , Elwahy Ahmed H. M. , Abdelhamid Ismail A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel series of 6‐acetyl‐[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines, hexahydro‐[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1‐b]quinazolines, tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1‐b]quinazolin‐1‐ones, and 3‐acetyl‐1,4‐dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidines linked to phenoxy‐N‐arylacetamide moieties were prepared via Biginelli‐like cyclo‐condensation reaction of the 2‐(4‐formylphenoxy)‐N‐arylacetamides, with the appropriate active methylene containing reagents and nitrogen bi‐nucleophiles. Elements and spectroscopic data were used to confirm the compositions of the novel compounds. We proposed a reasonable mechanism for the creation of target products.
China–Africa skills transfer through overseas economic and trade cooperation zones
Authors: Fei Ding 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the employment patterns, training activities, and skills development outcomes of China's Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zones (OETCZs) in Africa. Drawing upon ethnographic field research and a workers' opinion survey in Ethiopia's Eastern Industrial Zone (EIZ), it answers two questions: How well has intergovernmental collaboration on OETCZs been translated into training opportunities for local workers? What are local workers' perceptions and evaluations of the potentials and constraints of skills development in Chinese companies? Analyses based on field observations and regression models indicate that workers' demographic backgrounds, employment sector, and the peculiarities of Chinese workplaces are important factors to understand the skills development outcomes in Chinese OETCZs.
Influence of the level of compliance with preventive maintenance therapy upon the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases
Authors: Leone Francesco Di , Blasi Gonzalo , Amerio Ettore , Valles Cristina , Nart José , Monje Alberto 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundA study was made to evaluate peri‐implant conditions in compliers and erratic compliers with peri‐implant maintenance therapy (PIMT), and to assess the role of site‐specific confounders.MethodsErratic PIMT compliers (EC) were defined as presenting attendance < 2×/year, while regular compliers (RC) attended ≥ 2×/year. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were employed to perform a multivariable multilevel analysis in which the peri‐implant condition was established as dependent variable.ResultsOverall, 86 non‐smoker patients (42 RC and 44 EC) attending the Department of Periodontology of the Universitat Internacional de Catalunya were recruited consecutively on a cross‐sectional basis. The mean period of loading was 9.5 year. An implant placed in an erratic patient has 88% higher probability of presenting peri‐implant diseases versus RC. Furthermore, the probability of diagnosis of peri‐implantitis was significantly higher in EC versus RC (odds ratio [OR] 5.26; p = 0.009). Among other factors, history of periodontitis, non‐hygienic prosthesis, period of implant loading, and modified plaque index (mPI) at implant level were shown to significantly increase the risk of peri‐implantitis diagnosis. Although not associated with peri‐implantitis diagnosis risk, keratinized mucosa (KM) width, and vestibular depth (VD) were significantly associated to plaque accumulation (mPI).ConclusionsCompliance with PIMT was found to be significantly associated with peri‐implant condition. In this sense, attending PIMT < 2×/year may be ineffective to prevent peri‐implantitis.
Probing pocket depth reduction after non‐surgical periodontal therapy: Tooth‐related factors
Authors: Werner Nils , Heck Katrin , Walter Elias , Ern Christina , Bumm Caspar Victor , Folwaczny Matthias 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate tooth‐related factors that influence the reduction of probing pocket depths (PPD) after non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NST).MethodsSeven hundred forty‐six patients with a total of 16,825 teeth were included and retrospectively analyzed. PPD reduction after NST was correlated with the tooth‐related factors; tooth type, number of roots, furcation involvement, vitality, mobility, and type of restoration; using logistic multilevel regression for statistical analysis.ResultsNST was able to reduce probing depth overall stratified probing depths (1.20 ± 1.51 mm, p ≤ 0.001). The reduction was significantly higher at teeth with higher probing depths at baseline. At pockets with PPD ≥ 6 mm, PPD remains high after NST. Tooth type, number of roots, furcation involvement, vitality, mobility, and type of restoration are significantly and independently associated with the rate of pocket closure.ConclusionsThe tooth‐related factors: tooth type, number of roots, furcation involvement, vitality, mobility, and type of restoration had a significant and clinically relevant influence on phase I and II therapy. Considering these factors in advance may enhance the prediction of sites not responding adequately and the potential need for additional treatment, such as re‐instrumentation or periodontal surgery, to ultimately achieve the therapy end points.
Upper lip characteristics and associated excessive gingival display etiologies in adults: Race and sex differences
Authors: Tatakis Dimitris N. , Paramitha Vanessa , Lu Wei‐En , Guo Xiaohan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis cross‐sectional study aimed to examine upper lip (UL) and smile characteristics and soft tissue excessive gingival display (EGD) etiologies (hypermobile upper lip [HUL], altered passive eruption [APE], and short upper lip [SUL]) in a nondental adult population and to analyze interracial (Black and White) and intersex differences.MethodsCommunity participants, non‐Hispanic Blacks (NHB) and non‐Hispanic Whites (NHW), were recruited and examined for UL vertical dimensions at rest and maximum smile and for HUL, APE, and SUL. Associations between gingival display (GD) or EGD and UL anatomical characteristics, HUL, APE, and SUL were analyzed.ResultsParticipants included 66 NHB and 65 NHW adults. Ergotrid height (greater among NHW; p = 0.019) averaged 14.0 mm. Upper lip vermilion length (ULVL), total UL length, internal lip length, total UL length during smile, and UL mobility averaged 8.6, 22.5, 23.1, 16.6, and 5.9 mm, respectively (all significantly greater in NHB; p ≤ 0.012). SUL prevalence was 4.6%, found only among NHW. Lip length change from rest to smile (LLC) averaged 26.2% (significantly greater in females; p = 0.003). HUL prevalence was 10.7% (NHB 13.1%, NHW 3.5%; p = 0.024). NHB had significantly greater GD (p ≤ 0.017). EGD and APE prevalence (6.9% for both) showed significant interracial and intersex differences (p ≤ 0.014). Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that LLC and HUL were the most consistently significant EGD determinants.ConclusionsUL anatomical and functional characteristics and soft tissue‐related EGD etiologies exhibit significant interracial and intersex differences, with UL mobility/hypermobility being the most consistently significant determinant of GD.
Chemical kinetic analysis on the auto‐ignition characteristics of natural gas–diesel dual‐fuel combustion under engine‐relevant conditions
Authors: Liu Guanlin , Wang Xun , Xie Mingke , Gong Yanli , Fu Jianqin , Liu Jingping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the advent of energy crisis and stringent emission regulations, natural gas (NG)/diesel dual‐fuel engines have entered the popular view. In this paper, the accurate boundary conditions are determined by the Converge model and the transient parameters were introduced into the chemical kinetics model to make the operating conditions more closely match the actual engine operating conditions. The effects of different methane/n‐heptane ratios, initial temperatures, initial pressures, and equivalence ratios on the IDT of methane/n‐heptane fuel mixtures were analyzed using comprehensive chemical kinetic tools such as mole fraction analysis, ROP analysis, and sensitivity analysis. The IDT of methane/n‐heptane mixture decreased significantly with increasing the equivalence ratio, initial pressure, and the proportion of n‐heptane in the mixture, but the change of temperature was more complicated for the IDT. The NTC behavior of methane/n‐heptane mixture was also affected by the NTC behavior of n‐heptane. With the increase of initial temperature, the consumption of methane and n‐heptane appeared to be significantly accelerated. The peak of radicals and intermediate groups appeared earliest and had the highest radical concentration when the n‐heptane content was 30%. With the increase of initial pressure, the peak moments of the six radicals were further advanced, but the mole concentrations of O, OH, H radicals decreased significantly. This paper not only provides a reference for the design of NG/diesel dual‐fuel engines, but also provides a theoretical basis and data support for improving the ignition and initial condition setting strategies of the engines.
Advances in 3D Bioprinting of Biomimetic and Engineered Meniscal Grafts
Authors: Lv Haiyuan , Deng Guotao , Lai Jiaqi , Yu Yin , Chen Fei , Yao Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe meniscus plays a crucial role in loads distribution and protection of articular cartilage. Meniscal injury can result in cartilage degeneration, loss of mechanical stability in the knee joint and ultimately lead to arthritis. Surgical interventions provide only short‐term pain relief but fail to repair or regenerate the injured meniscus. Emerging tissue engineering approaches based on 3D bioprinting provide alternatives to current surgical methods for meniscus repair. In this review, the current bioprinting techniques employed in developing engineered meniscus grafts are summarized and discuss the latest strategies for mimicking the gradient structure, composition, and viscoelastic properties of native meniscus. Recent progress is highlighted in gene‐activated matrices for meniscus regeneration as well. Finally, a perspective is provided on the future development of 3D bioprinting for meniscus repair, emphasizing the potential of this technology to revolutionize meniscus regeneration and improve patient outcomes.
On the dominated convergence theorem for the Kurzweil–Stieltjes integral
Authors: Gallegos Claudio A. , Henríquez Hernán R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper is concerned with a version of the Lebesgue dominated convergence theorem (DCT) which has been stated for the Kurzweil–Stieltjes integral of real functions. Our objective in this work is to analyze the extension of this result to include vector functions with values in Banach spaces. We establish that the mentioned convergence theorem for the Kurzweil–Stieltjes integral can be formulated in weaker versions for reflexive and separable Banach spaces, and spaces having the Schur property, nonetheless it is not verified in the general case.
The inventory routing problem with split deliveries
Authors: Dinh Nho Minh , Archetti Claudia , Bertazzi Luca 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study the benefit of introducing split deliveries in the inventory routing problem (IRP), both when the order‐up‐to level (OU) and the maximum level replenishment policies are applied. We first propose a mathematical formulation and solve it by implementing a branch‐and‐cut algorithm. Then, we carry out a worst‐case analysis to show the cost increase we have in the worst case by using unsplit deliveries instead of split deliveries, both for the OU and the maximum‐level replenishment policies. Extensive computational results on benchmark instances allow us to evaluate the benefit of introducing split deliveries. Finally, a sensitivity analysis on customer demands, initial inventory levels, maximum inventory levels and distance to the depot allows us to understand the instance features that make split deliveries effective in IRPs.
Non‐monetary obstacles to medical care: Evidence from postpartum contraceptives
Authors: Willage Barton , Carlos Marisa , Callison Kevin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe use changes to Medicaid immediate postpartum policy to test whether non‐monetary costs are meaningful obstacles to health care. Medicaid in several states currently covers long‐acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs, including IUDs and implants) immediately following delivery of a child, eliminating much of the time‐cost and stress associated with obtaining a LARC. Postpartum LARCs can reduce unintended and short‐interval pregnancies, which are associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Births that occur in Catholic‐owned hospitals are an ideal control group, because these hospitals are prohibited from offering family‐planning services, including LARCs. Using difference‐in‐differences and individual‐level administrative data from Louisiana and New York, we find eliminating non‐monetary obstacles increases take‐up of a high‐value and highly effective form of contraception. Additionally, we find no evidence of crowd‐out of outpatient LARCs.
Biological and clinical significance of the YKL‐40/osteopontin–integrin β4–p70S6K axis induced by macrophages in early oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Urakami Satoshi , Koma Yu‐ichiro , Tsukamoto Shuichi , Azumi Yuki , Miyako Shoji , Kitamura Yu , Kodama Takayuki , Nishio Mari , Shigeoka Manabu , Abe Hirofumi , Usami Yu , Kodama Yuzo , Yokozaki Hiroshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractM2 macrophages contribute to the progression of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); however, the roles of M2 macrophages in early ESCC remain unclear. To clarify the biological mechanisms underlying the interaction between M2 macrophages and oesophageal epithelial cells in early‐stage ESCC, in vitro co‐culture assays between the immortalised oesophageal epithelial cell line Het‐1A and cytokine‐defined M2 macrophages were established. Co‐culture with M2 macrophages promoted the proliferation and migration of Het‐1A cells via the mTOR–p70S6K signalling pathway activated by YKL‐40, also known as chitinase 3‐like 1, and osteopontin (OPN) that were hypersecreted in the co‐culture supernatants. YKL‐40 and OPN promoted the above phenotypes of Het‐1A by making a complex with integrin β4 (β4). Furthermore, YKL‐40 and OPN promoted M2 polarisation, proliferation, and migration of macrophages. To validate the pathological and clinical significances of in vitro experimental results, immunohistochemistry of human early ESCC tissues obtained by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed, confirming the activation of the YKL‐40/OPN–β4–p70S6K axis in the tumour area. Moreover, epithelial expression of β4 and the number of epithelial and stromal infiltrating YKL‐40‐ and OPN‐positive cells correlated with the Lugol‐voiding lesions (LVLs), a well‐known predictor of the incidence of metachronous ESCC. Furthermore, the combination of high expression of β4 and LVLs or high numbers of epithelial and stromal infiltrating YKL‐40‐ and OPN‐positive immune cells could more clearly detect the incidence of metachronous ESCC than each of the parameters alone. Our results demonstrated that the YKL‐40/OPN–β4–p70S6K axis played important roles in early‐stage ESCC, and the high expression levels of β4 and high numbers of infiltrating YKL‐40‐ and OPN‐positive immune cells could be useful predictive parameters for the incidence of metachronous ESCC after ESD. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Teenagers' but not young adults' beliefs about intrinsic interpersonal obligations for group members
Authors: Gao Qiyang , Hu Jingjing , Hua Rui , Hong Haoqing , Feng Zhangwei , Xu Haokui , Yin Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrevious research has indicated that children perceive social category members as having intrinsic obligations toward each other, which shape their expectations for social interactions. However, it is unclear whether teenagers (aged 13 to 15) and young adults (aged 19 to 21) continue to hold such beliefs, given their increased experience with group dynamics and external social rules. To explore this question, three experiments were conducted with a total of 360 participants (N = 180 for each age group). Experiment 1 examined negative social interactions using different methods in two sub‐experiments, while Experiment 2 focused on positive social interactions to examine whether participants viewed social category members as intrinsically obligated to avoid harming each other and to offer assistance. Results revealed that teenagers evaluated within‐group harm and non‐help as unacceptable, regardless of external rules, whereas they viewed between‐group harm and non‐help as both acceptable and unacceptable, depending on the presence of external rules. Conversely, young adults considered both within‐group and between‐group harm/non‐help as more acceptable if an external rule permitted such behavior. These findings suggest that teenagers believe that members of a social category are intrinsically obligated to help and not harm each other, whereas young adults believe that individual social interactions are constrained mainly by external rules. That is, teenagers hold stronger beliefs than young adults about intrinsic interpersonal obligations to group members. Thus, in‐group moral obligations and external rules contribute differently to the evaluation and interpretation of social interactions at different developmental stages.