bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stay-at-home, Safe at Home? A survey of parental home safety practices before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Roberts Kristin J. , McAdams Rebecca J. , McKenzie Lara B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To slow the spread of COVID-19, many nonessential businesses, daycares, and schools closed, and areas imposed “stay-at-home” orders. Closures led to young children spending more time at home, traditionally, the place where more than one-half of unintentional pediatric injuries occur. The objective of the current study was to describe parental safety perceptions and confidence, safety device purchase and installation, and injury prevention practices and behaviors, in homes with children 6 years of age and younger, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey with a convenience sample of US participants, 18 years or older, was conducted from November 2020 to February 2021. Parents of children (≤ 6 years) were recruited via social media ads and posts on Facebook and Twitter and invited to complete an anonymous, online survey about their home safety practices before and during the COVID-19 stay-at-home order. Upon completion, parents could participate in a prize drawing to receive one of five $100 gift cards.

Results
A total of 499 participants completed the survey. Most (47.9%) were 45–54 years of age and reported the amount of time at home increased for them (93.9%) and their children (90.6%) during the stay-at-home period. Thirty-seven percent (36.9%) of parents considered their homes safe but recognized room for improvement and felt confident in their ability to make their homes safe for their children (72.8%). From the time before until the COVID-19 stay-at-home orders were in place, parents increased their home injury prevention practices (42.3%). Parents that had identified unsafe areas in the home before the stay-at-home order were significantly more likely to increase their safety behaviors, take childproofing actions, and purchase or install safety devices during the stay-at-home order (p < 0.0001). Parents with younger children (5 years) were significantly more likely than parents with older children to take childproofing actions (p < .0001) including purchasing and installing safety devices (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Spending more time at home during the COVID-19 pandemic may have helped the sampled parents, especially those with younger children, identify unsafe areas in their homes and encourage them to modify their behaviors, and purchase and install safety devices to help make their homes safer for their children.
Incidence rate and clinical characteristics of acute endophthalmitis following 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy
Authors: Hosseini SeyedehMaryam , Daraee Ghazale , Shoeibi Nasser , Bakhtiari Elham , Ansari-astaneh Mohammad-reza , Abrishami Mojtaba , Motamed Shariati Mehrdad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In this study, we evaluated the incidence and clinical characteristics of post-vitrectomy acute endophthalmitis in a tertiary eye center.

Methods
Data were obtained by reviewing the patients’ medical records who underwent primary pars plana vitrectomy (PPvitx) from September 2011 to March 2017. We excluded patients who had any ocular surgery in the past 6 months, immunocompromised patients, and patients with a pre-operative diagnosis of endophthalmitis. The primary outcome was the incidence of acute post-pars plana vitrectomy endophthalmitis.

Results
Out of 6474 cases who underwent PPvitx, 12 cases of endophthalmitis (incidence rate of 0.18%) were identified. We found two positive cultures for staphylococcus epidermidis and one positive culture for staphylococcus aureus. Underlying causes of primary vitrectomy in patients who got endophthalmitis were diabetic retinopathy (8 cases), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (2 cases), and the epiretinal membrane (1 case), and non-clearing vitreous hemorrhage secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (1 case).

Conclusion
In the present study, the rate of post-vitrectomy acute endophthalmitis was higher than in other reported studies.
Empathy in frontline humanitarian negotiations: a relational approach to engagement
Authors: Sutton Rebecca , Paddon Rhoads Emily 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHumanitarian access—people’s ability to reach aid and aid's ability to reach people—is widely understood to be a central challenge in humanitarian action. One of the most important ways in which humanitarian access is practically secured in conflict settings is through frontline humanitarian negotiations. In this type of negotiation, humanitarians engage in face-to-face interactions with conflict parties to secure safe access to, and protection of, civilian populations in situations of armed conflict. An underdeveloped aspect of such negotiations that is ripe for further exploration is the role of empathy. The purpose of this article is thus to draw on the insights of the empathy literature to explore how empathy shapes humanitarian protection work in the specific domain of frontline humanitarian negotiations. Part one conceptualizes empathy, drawing on the interdisciplinary field of scientific research. Part two introduces the practice of frontline humanitarian negotiation and explains why empathy is critical, particularly in the increasingly fragmented environments that negotiators must operate. Adopting a relational approach, Part three advances a framework for analyzing empathy in frontline humanitarian negotiations. We theorize empathy's salience across four different axes of negotiation, drawing insights gleaned from scholarship and a systematic review of the grey literature on humanitarian negotiation, including field manuals, training materials, and operational guidance. We do not ultimately argue for ‘more empathy’ in this type of work, but rather a more thoughtful approach to empathy—one that entails the cultivation of core empathy-related skill areas, including: emotion regulation, perspective-taking, social awareness, and strategic conveyance of empathy. We contend that this approach could help to alleviate numerous problems in the humanitarian sector, including aid worker burnout.
Effect of the entomopathogenic fungus, Lecanicillium lecanii, on the biology and predation rate of the anthocorid predatory bug, Blaptostethus pallescens, feeding on the flower thrips, Frankliniella schultzei Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Authors: Sundaravalli K. , Varshney Richa , Kandan A. , Revathi K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The flower thrips, Frankliniella schultzei Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is a notorious pest that attacks the plants of economic importance. The anthocorid bug Blaptostethus pallescens Poppius (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) is a predator of thrips in field crops and greenhouses. Another biocontrol agent, the entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) Lecanicillium lecanii (Zimm.) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), has been effectively used in management of various insect pests. With the aim to develop an effective combination of biocontrol agents like microbial and insect predator for the management of the serious pest F. schultzei, the present studies were carried out on development, predation rate and prey preferences of the predator B. pallescens provided with the EPF (ICAR-NBAIR Vl-8)-treated thrips under laboratory conditions.

Results
The predator, B. pallescens, could complete its life cycle on treated thrips. The nymphal duration of bugs fed on treated thrips was higher (25.25 ± 0.13 days). The Vl-8 strain did not show any negative effect on hatchability of eggs (83% hatchability in treatment; 86% in control). However, the longevity was comparatively less in bugs fed on treated thrips than that of control group The fecundity of the treated group was found to be reduced to one half of the control group. The rate of daily feeding potential of bugs on treated thrips was less (7.29 ± 0.15) than the untreated thrips (12.54 ± 0.1) throughout their lifetime. Moreover, when the F1 generation from both parents line fed on treated and untreated thrips allowed to feed on Corcyra cephalonica eggs, it did not show any difference in terms of nymphal duration which revealed that the fungi did not affect the F1 generation. When choice was given between treated and untreated thrips to different instars of this predatory bug, all the instars including adult significantly preferred the untreated thrips. However, nymphs and adult bugs were found to encounter both the treated and untreated thrips. No mortality was observed in any stage of the predator.

Conclusion
This study shows that the effect of L. lecanii (ICAR-NBAIR Vl-8) on B. pallescens is not harmful. However, further field studies are required to evaluate their combined effect against this pest.
Evaluation of neural networks for residential load forecasting and the impact of systematic feature identification
Authors: Vanting Nicolai Bo , Ma Zheng , Jørgensen Bo Nørregaard 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnergy systems face challenges due to climate change, distributed energy resources, and political agenda, especially distribution system operators (DSOs) responsible for ensuring grid stability. Accurate predictions of the electricity load can help DSOs better plan and maintain their grids. The study aims to test a systematic data identification and selection process to forecast the electricity load of Danish residential areas. The five-ecosystem CSTEP framework maps relevant independent variables on the cultural, societal, technological, economic, and political dimensions. Based on the literature, a recurrent neural network (RNN), long-short-term memory network (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU), and feed-forward network (FFN) are evaluated and compared. The models are trained and tested using different data inputs and forecasting horizons to assess the impact of the systematic approach and the practical flexibility of the models. The findings show that the models achieve equal performances of around 0.96 adjusted R2 score and 4–5% absolute percentage error for the 1-h predictions. Forecasting 24 h gave an adjusted R2 of around 0.91 and increased the error slightly to 6–7% absolute percentage error. The impact of the systematic identification approach depended on the type of neural network, with the FFN showing the highest increase in error when removing the supporting variables. The GRU and LSTM did not rely on the identified variables, showing minimal changes in performance with or without them. The systematic approach to data identification can help researchers better understand the data inputs and their impact on the target variable. The results indicate that a focus on curating data inputs affects the performance more than choosing a specific type of neural network architecture.
Ecosystem-driven business opportunity identification method and web-based tool with a case study of the electric vehicle home charging energy ecosystem in Denmark
Authors: Ma Zheng , Christensen Kristoffer , Rasmussen Thomas Finch , Jørgensen Bo Nørregaard 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the local needs and challenges is critical for technology adoption in the energy sector. However, it is still a big challenge for most ecosystem stakeholders. Furthermore, technology adoption theories have mainly focused on the technology itself, and the business ecosystem perspective has been neglected. Therefore, this paper proposes an ecosystem-driven business opportunity identification method, a systematic approach for ecosystem stakeholders to conduct business opportunity analysis and evaluation based on the CSTEP ecosystem analysis and evaluation method. This method includes four correlated steps: Step 1: Identify the five CSTEP dimensions of the business ecosystem; Step 2: Identify potential changes in the business ecosystem; Step 3: Identify future ecosystem trends and timeline; Step 4: Select business opportunities; and Step 5: Potential solution identification. A web-based tool called opportunity identifier is developed for implementing the proposed method. A case study of the electric vehicle (EV) home charging energy ecosystem in Denmark is applied and demonstrates the application of the proposed method and the implementation of the developed web-based tool. Three value propositions are identified in the case study: (1) EV users can have optimal EV charging cost and optimal CO2 emission consumption with the intelligent EV charging algorithms that consider electricity prices, tariffs, and CO2 emission; (2) DSOs can avoid grid overloads and postpone the grid upgrade by applying intelligent EV charging algorithms; (3) Independent aggregators can aggregate EVs and participate in the ancillary service market or provide Vehicle-to-Grid services by using intelligent EV charging algorithms. Moreover, three feasible decentralized EV charging strategies (Real Time Pricing, Time-of-Use Pricing, and Timed charging) are identified as the potential solutions targeting the first value proposition.
The HLA profile and genetic affinities of three primitive Tamil-speaking endogamous groups: Kallars of Thanjavur, Piramalai Kallar and Vanniyar
Authors: Raju Kamaraj , Karuppiah Balakrishnan , Chinniah Rathika 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The present study was aimed to study the frequencies of HLA-DRB1/-DQB1 alleles and haplotypes of three endogamous groups of Tamil Nadu state, South India. PCR-SSP typing of HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles were performed on 111 Kallars of Thanjavur, 80 Piramalai Kallar of Madurai and 119 Vanniyar. Genetic distances, neighbor-joining phylogenetic dendrograms and correspondence analysis have been performed.

Results
The HLA class II alleles, DRB1*07 (25.2%), DRB1*15 (15.7%), DRB1*14 (11.7%) and DRB1*12 (9.90%) among Kallars of Thanjavur; DRB1*15 (28.7%), DRB1*04 (15.6%), DRB1*10 (14.3%), DRB1*13 (11.2%) and DRB1*03 (9.37%) among Piamalai Kallar and DRB1*15 (24.7%), DRB1*04 (15.9%), DRB1*07 (11.7%), DRB1*12 (11.3%) and DRB1*10 (10.0%) among Vanniyar were more frequent. Similarly, alleles DQB1*06 (31.0%), DQB1*02 (26.5%) and DQB1*05 (24.7%) among Kallars of Thanjavur; DQB1*05 (32.5%), DQB1*06 (31.8%), DQB1*02 (16.2%) and DQB1*03:02 (12.5%) among Piramalai Kallar and DQB1*05 (52.9%), DQB1*06 (22.6%) and DQB1*02 (11.3%) among Vanniyar were more frequent. We genotyped the two most frequent two-locus haplotypes, such as DRB1*15-DQB1*06 and DRB1*07-DQB1*02 for HLA-A/-B/–C alleles to identify the 5-locus extended haplotypes to extrapolate global affinities. We identified a number of five locus extended haplotypes among south Indian population with stronger global affinities. Further, we identified the presence of a highly unique extended haplotypes such as A*11-B*35-C*12-DRB1*07-DQB1*02 (HF:0.1458) in Kallars of Thanjavur, A*03-B*35-C*04-DRB1*15-DQB1*06 (HF:0.1833) in Piramalai Kallar and A*03-B*07-C*07-DRB1*15-DQB1*06 (HF: 0.1800) in Kallars of Thanjavur and (HF: 0.1081) in Vanniyar population.

Conclusions
Allele distribution and haplotype analysis have demonstrated that the Kallars of Thanjavur, Piramalai Kallar and Vanniyar populations shared HLA alleles with other ethnic and other Indian populations, while showing population specific haplotypes. Analysis of population-specific distribution of HLA alleles is proved to be important in finding out the relatedness of the ethnic groups across continents. The extensive polymorphism of the HLA system also has useful application in the study of the origin, evolution and migration patterns of human populations.
Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK pathways for cancer therapy
Authors: Li Qingfang , Li Zhihui , Luo Ting , Shi Huashan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK pathways are commonly activated by mutations and chromosomal translocation in vital targets. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is dysregulated in nearly all kinds of neoplasms, with the component in this pathway alternations. RAF/MEK/ERK signaling cascades are used to conduct signaling from the cell surface to the nucleus to mediate gene expression, cell cycle processes and apoptosis. RAS, B-Raf, PI3K, and PTEN are frequent upstream alternative sites. These mutations resulted in activated cell growth and downregulated cell apoptosis. The two pathways interact with each other to participate in tumorigenesis. PTEN alterations suppress RAF/MEK/ERK pathway activity via AKT phosphorylation and RAS inhibition. Several inhibitors targeting major components of these two pathways have been supported by the FDA. Dozens of agents in these two pathways have attracted great attention and have been assessed in clinical trials. The combination of small molecular inhibitors with traditional regimens has also been explored. Furthermore, dual inhibitors provide new insight into antitumor activity. This review will further comprehensively describe the genetic alterations in normal patients and tumor patients and discuss the role of targeted inhibitors in malignant neoplasm therapy. We hope this review will promote a comprehensive understanding of the role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathways in facilitating tumors and will help direct drug selection for tumor therapy.
Power control strategy of a photovoltaic system with battery storage system
Authors: Bedoud Khouloud , Merabet Hichem , Bahi Tahar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an intelligent approach based on fuzzy logic has been developed to ensure operation at the maximum power point of a PV system under dynamic climatic conditions. The current distortion due to the use of static converters in photovoltaic production systems involves the consumption of reactive energy. For this, separate control of active and reactive powers using a proportional-integral controller is applied. Using batteries for energy storage in the photovoltaic system has become an increasingly promising solution to improve energy quality: current and voltage. For this purpose, the energy management of batteries for regulating the charge level under dynamic climatic conditions has been studied. The research presented in this paper provides an important contribution to the application of fuzzy theory to improve the power and performance of a hybrid system comprising a grid-connected PV, battery, and energy management strategy. Therefore, to highlight the advantage of the FL-MPPT studied in this paper, its performance has been compared and analyzed with conventional P&O and NNT algorithms. Simulation results are carried out in MatLab/Simulink tools. According to the analysis of the results, a better energy quality has been proven.
Predicting In-Hospital Mortality After Acute Myeloid Leukemia Therapy: Through Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Siddiqui Nauman S. , Klein Andreas , Godara Amandeep , Buchsbaum Rachel J. , Hughes Michael C. 
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE Despite careful patient selection, induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with a considerable risk for treatment-related mortality (5%-20%). We evaluated machine learning (ML) algorithms trained using factors available at the time of admission for AML therapy to predict death during the hospitalization. METHODS We included AML discharges with age > 17 years who received inpatient chemotherapy from State Inpatient Database from Arizona, Florida, New York, Maryland, Washington, and New Jersey for years 2008-2014. The primary objective was to predict inpatient mortality in patients undergoing chemotherapy using covariates present before initiation of chemotherapy. ML algorithms logistic regression (LR), decision tree, and random forest were compared. RESULTS 29,613 hospitalizations for patients with AML were included in the analysis each with 4,177 features. The median age was 58.9 (18-101) years, 13,689 (53.7%) were male, and 20,203 (69%) were White. The mean time from admission to chemotherapy was 3 days (95% CI, 2.9 to 3.1), and 2,682 (9.1%) died during the hospitalization. Both LR and random forest models achieved an area under the curve (AUC) score of 0.78, whereas decision tree achieved an AUC of 0.70. The baseline LR model with age yielded an AUC of 0.62. To clinically balance and minimize false positives, we selected a decision threshold of 0.7 and at this threshold, 51 of our test set of 5,923 could have potentially averted treatment-related mortality. CONCLUSION Using readily accessible variables, inpatient mortality of patients on track for chemotherapy to treat AML can be predicted through ML algorithms. The model also predicted inpatient mortality when tested on different data representations and paves the way for future research.
Nancy Cunard and the 1930s Coalitional Anthology
Authors: Beeber Matthew 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis essay addresses Pablo Neruda and Nancy Cunard’s Spanish Civil War poetry anthology Los poetas del mundo defienden al pueblo espanol alongside Cunard’s earlier anthology, her massive and eclectic Negro: Anthology (1934). I argue that when read alongside Cunard’s later, lesser-known collaboration with Neruda, Negro can be seen as one part of Cunard’s larger trajectory as an editor of coalitional anthologies. Los poetas, an understudied collection of modernist poetry deserving of recovery in its own right, also allows greater perspective of Cunard’s earlier anthology. Reading Negro alongside Los poetas makes clear that the stakes of the project, along with the current academic discourse surrounding Cunard, are rooted in questions of the possibility of coalition. Ultimately, I argue that these anthologies uniquely model within their aesthetic form the organization of the political coalitions they seek to produce. They are coalitional, with the goal of bringing disparate elements into productive harmony, in both aesthetics and praxis. I locate what I call coalitional aesthetics within each volume, simultaneously attesting to the disparity of its constituent parts and to their unity. Coalitional aesthetics do not smooth over incongruities between individual parts but rather emphasize them, insisting on their singularity even within the whole they comprise.