bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Vitamin D3 on Carbonyl-Oxidative Stress and Matrix Metalloproteinases
after Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats with Type 2
Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lievykh Anton , Zhyliuk Volodymyr , Ushakova Galyna , Tkachenko Victoriia , Kovalchuk Yuliia , Dovban Olena , Kharchenko Yuliia , Shevtsova Alla 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Diabetes mellitus is associated with the development of carbonyl-oxidative stress (COS) and an increased risk of a cerebral hemorrhage. Vitamin D3 is considered an additional drug to have an impact on COS and proteolysis in the extracellular matrix.

Objective:
The study aimed to evaluate the impact of D3 on the COS-markers and matrix metallo-proteinases MMP2/MMP9 activity after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats with experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus (Т2DM) compared to metformin (Met).

Methods:
T2DM was induced in rats via the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide (NA), ICH – by microinjection of bacterial collagenase into the striatum. Rats were randomized into five groups: 1 – intact animals (n = 8), 2 – T2DM (n = 9); 3 – T2DM+ICH (n = 7); 4 – T2DM+ICH+Met (n = 7); 5 – T2DM+ICH+D3 (n = 7). Blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were assessed using commercial kits. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), protein carbonyls (PC370/430), and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) were measured by spectrophotometry, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) by quantitative fluorescence, and matrix metalloproteinases MMP2/9 by gelatin zymography.

Results:
D3 does not significantly affect the glucose level and OGTT in rats with T2DM+ICH. How-ever, it reduces AOPP, PC, and AGEs, thus reducing the COS index. In contrast, the activity of proMMP9 increases after D3 administration. These effects of D3 have been reported to be stronger and sometimes opposite to those of metformin.

Conclusion:
D3 supplementation may decrease the negative consequences of a cerebral hemorrhage in T2DM by reducing COS and preventing the accumulation of COS-modified proteins in the brain by regulating the expression and activity of MMP9.
In vitro Pretreatment with Zinc Alleviates the Adverse Effects of Tetrahydrocannabinol
on Cultured Mouse Sertoli Cells: Role of Anti-apoptotic and
Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Ahmadi Kimia , Asgharzadeh Fatemeh , Mohammadpour-Asl Shadi , Ayari Fatemeh , Rahbar Fatemeh , Motazakker Morteza , Roshan-Milani Shiva , Abdollahzade Fard Amin 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Global rise in cannabis abuse during reproductive years has placed a large number of men at risk for the adverse consequences of δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the pri-mary active component of cannabis. It has been reported that THC affects male fertility and causes testicular cell dysfunction and apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the possible protective role of zinc pretreatment against the toxic effects of THC in cultured mouse Sertoli cells and the underlying mechanism.

Methods:
The Mus Musculus Sertoli cell line (TM4) was cultured, exposed to THC alone (470 μM, 24 h), co-administered with zinc (8 μM, 48 h), and investigated in three groups: control, THC, and THC + zinc. The MTT was performed to evaluate cell viability. TUNEL assay was also applied for the detection of cell apoptosis and a western blot was performed for measuring protein expression levels of Caspase3, Pro-caspase3, SOD, and PDGF-A.

Results:
THC significantly decreased cell viability (p < 0.001) and expression levels of SOD, PDGF-A, and pro-caspase3 proteins (p < 0.05 for all), whereas increased Sertoli cells apoptosis (p < 0.001) and expression level of cleaved caspase3 protein (p < 0.001). Pretreatment with zinc reversed THC-induced apoptotic and oxidative effects and reduced cleaved caspase3/pro-caspase3 ratio but could not reverse THC-induced reduction of PDGF-A expression level in TM4 cells.

Conclusion:
The present data suggest that THC induces Sertoli cell damage through a multitarget mechanism. Zinc was reported to protect against THC-induced Sertoli cell damage due to its anti-apoptotic and antioxidant activities, indicating its clinical importance against THC-induced testic-ular toxicity among addicted men.
Nano Lipid Carriers as a Promising Drug Delivery Carrier for
Neurodegenerative Disorders - An Overview of Recent Advances
Authors: Kumar Vishal , Nair Sreeja C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
The last few decades have seen a rise in the number of deaths caused by neurological
disorders. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is very complex and has multiple
mechanisms, makes drug delivery to the brain challenging for many scientists. Lipid nanoparticles
(LNPs) such as nanoemulsions, solid-lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, and nano lipid
carriers (NLCs) exhibit enhanced bioavailability and flexibility among these nanocarriers.
NLCs are found to be very effective. In the last few decades, they have been a center
of attraction for controlled drug delivery. According to the current global status of specific
neurological disorders, out of all LNPs, NLC significantly reduces the cross-permeability
of drugs through the BBB due to their peculiar properties. They offer a host of advantages
over other carriers because of their biocompatibility, safety, non-toxicity, non-irritating behavior,
stability, high encapsulation efficiency, high drug loading, high drug targeting, control
of drug release, and ease in manufacturing. The biocompatible lipid matrix is ideally
suited as a drug carrier system due to the nano-size range. For certain neurological conditions
such as Parkinsonism, Alzheimer’s, Epilepsy, Multiple sclerosis, and Brain cancer,
we examined recent advances in NLCs to improve brain targeting of bioactive with special
attention to formulation aspects and pharmacokinetic characteristics. This article also provides
a brief overview of a critical approach for brain targeting, i.e., direct nose-to-brain
drug delivery and some recent patents published on NLC”.
A Novel Tumor Hypoxia Imaging Agent: [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-CPA-2-NIM
Authors: Lin Xiao , Tan Xiaojie , Wu Fengyu , Yu Qian 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Hypoxia imaging agents can selectively remain in hypoxic tissue, which
can directly reflect the location and degree of hypoxia.

Methods:
Synthesized a novel tumor hypoxia imaging probe [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-CPA-2-NIM and
evaluated its biological behavior with the purpose to assess its possibility of becoming a qualified
tumor hypoxia imaging agent.

Results:
Radiochemcial purity of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-CPA-2-NIM was greater than 95% after HPLC
purification. Lipophilicity coefficient of this complex was -1.74 ± 0.10 (n = 5, number of experiments),
indicating it was a hydrophilic complex. In vitro cell experiments demonstrated that this
complex has selectivity for hypoxia at oxygen concentrations < 10 ppm (parts per million). Biodistribution
experiment in S180 tumor bearing mice showed that tumor uptake reached its highest
at 2 h post-injection with mice tumor-to-muscle ratio.

Conclusions:
Complex [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-CPA-2-NIM has the possibility of becoming a tumor hypoxia
imaging agent.
In-situ Photo-deposition of Nd-modified Hexahydroxy Strontium Stannate
Nanorods with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Sun Zizhan , Wang Xiaoyu , Xue Zeyang , Cai Zhengyu , Fan Chuangang , Pei Lizhai 
Published: March 2023

Background::
Metal surface modification of the photocatalysts is effective for enhancing the
photocatalytic properties of the semiconductor photocatalysts. Nd can be used as the modified metal
for the enhancement of catalytic performance of the strontium tin hydroxide (SrSn(OH)6) nanorods
due to expanding the light absorption range and reducing the recombination of the photo-generated
electrons and holes.

Objective::
The aim of the research is to synthesize Nd-modified SrSn(OH)6 nanorods and investigate
the enhanced photocatalytic performance for crystal violet degradation.

Methods::
Nd modified SrSn(OH)6 nanorods were prepared via a facile one-step in-situ photodeposition
route. The obtained nanorods were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy,
high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, solid
diffuse reflectance spectra, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Results::
Nd attached to the surface of nanorods. The band gap of the Nd-modified SrSn(OH)6 nanorods
was reduced due to Nd modification at the surface of nanorods. The Nd-modified SrSn(OH)6 nanorods
showed enhanced photocatalytic properties for crystal violet (CV) degradation under ultraviolet
(UV) light irradiation than the SrSn(OH)6 nanorods. Nd modified SrSn(OH)6 nanorods have lower
charge transfer resistance and more efficient charge separation ability, thus hindering the recombination
of the electrons and holes (e−/h+) pairs. Scavenger experiments reported that the holes, superoxide,
and hydroxyl radicals are the main reactive species during the photocatalytic reaction. The Ndmodified
SrSn(OH)6 nanorods were found to be recoverable and reusable for CV degradation.

Conclusion::
The Nd modified SrSn(OH)6 nanorods showed enhanced photocatalytic performance towards
crystal violet than un-modified nanorods.
The Co-catalyst Effects of Mn(II), Zn(II), and Cr(III) Chlorides on Acidic
Ionic Liquid Catalyzed Synthesis of Value-added Products from Cellulose
in Aqueous Ethanol
Authors: Amarasekara Ananda Sarath , Wiredu Bernard , Animashaun Moriam 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Catalytic depolymerization and processing of cellulose can be used to produce
value-added renewable feedstock chemicals.

Objective:
This study aimed to develop an acidic ionic liquid-metal ion chloride catalyst system-based
single-reactor method for processing cellulose into value-added products.

Methods:
The effect of metal chlorides as co-catalysts on 1-(1-propylsulfonic)-3-methylimidazolium
chloride acidic ionic liquid catalyzed degradation of cellulose in 40% (v/v) aq. ethanol was studied by
measuring levulinic acid, ethyl levulinate, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural yields.

Results:
In experiments with Mn(II) and Zn(II) chloride co-catalysts at 160 and 170°C for 12 h, the
initial yields of ethyl levulinate and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural improved from ~ 7% to ~ 12-15% due to
co-catalytic effects. The highest enhancements in ethyl levulinate yields were observed with CrCl3,
where the yield increased from 6 to 27% with the addition of a 10 mol% co-catalyst.

Conclusion:
All three transition metal chlorides studied caused improvements in yields of secondary
products, ethyl levulinate and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, in acidic ionic liquid catalyzed degradation of
cellulose in aqueous ethanol. The most significant enhancements in ethyl levulinate yields were observed
with CrCl3 as a co-catalyst.
Nanoparticle: A Unique Strategy for Antifungal Agents
Authors: Vishwakarma Sudha , Bhagwat Geeta 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Nanomaterials are emerging as an innovative and efficient instrument for the transport and
cellular translocation of therapeutic compounds, namely, biopharmaceuticals. The use of nanoparticles
as drug carriers in the healthcare industry, for instance, in several applications, with drug delivery being
among the most significant. These nanomaterials are adaptable and have qualities that are good for delivering
compounds that are biologically active. The creation of different nanoparticles as a drug delivery
system has led to the development of a variety of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems to reduce
toxicity, reduce the dosing system, and increase the viability of the drug. The objectives of this review
are to provide an overview of the recent advances in nanotechnology in Antifungal treatment and to
overcome the problems associated with antifungal agents.
Skin Health of the Elderly and People in Long-term Care
Authors: Kitagaki Hiroshi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
The proportion of the elderly in the population is increasing in many developed countries, and
Japan has one of the oldest populations in the world. Therefore, health care for the elderly is becoming
a serious issue in Japan. Skin health is a significant concern in maintaining the quality of life (QOL) in
elderly people and those requiring long-term care. The skin deteriorates and becomes fragile in elderly
individuals, and the accompanying increase in skin wrinkles is caused by the degradation of structural
proteins in the dermis, collagen, and elastin fibers. In addition, skin aging occurs due to genetic factors
and UV. Xerosis and dry skin are the primary skin problems in the elderly. Dry skin occurs frequently
in elderly women, as sebaceous glands decrease with age, while the skin of elderly men tends to have a
high lipid content. Skin wrinkles and blemishes increase with age. Inflammation frequently occurs in
the dermis of the elderly person. Skin cancer is a serious threat to elderly people, and skin pH increases
with age. Therefore, it is important to understand the health characteristics of elderly people to improve
their QOL. The skin profiles of elderly people and those requiring long-term care have many associated
problems. This situation is especially serious in Japan due to the ratio of elderly people showing an
increasing trend. Elderly people requiring long-term care also experience skin problems caused by pressure
ulcers and diapers. Microbial and fungal infections are also common in aged people. In this review,
we have discussed the skin problems associated with aging and long-term care.
How Natural Language Processing Can Aid With Pulmonary Oncology Tumor Node Metastasis Staging From Free-Text Radiology Reports: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Puts Sander , Nobel Martijn , Zegers Catharina , Bermejo Iñigo , Robben Simon , Dekker Andre 
Published: March 2023

Background
Natural language processing (NLP) is thought to be a promising solution to extract and store concepts from free text in a structured manner for data mining purposes. This is also true for radiology reports, which still consist mostly of free text. Accurate and complete reports are very important for clinical decision support, for instance, in oncological staging. As such, NLP can be a tool to structure the content of the radiology report, thereby increasing the report’s value.

Objective
This study describes the implementation and validation of an N-stage classifier for pulmonary oncology. It is based on free-text radiological chest computed tomography reports according to the tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) classification, which has been added to the already existing T-stage classifier to create a combined TN-stage classifier.

Methods
SpaCy, PyContextNLP, and regular expressions were used for proper information extraction, after additional rules were set to accurately extract N-stage.

Results
The overall TN-stage classifier accuracy scores were 0.84 and 0.85, respectively, for the training (N=95) and validation (N=97) sets. This is comparable to the outcomes of the T-stage classifier (0.87-0.92).

Conclusions
This study shows that NLP has potential in classifying pulmonary oncology from free-text radiological reports according to the TNM classification system as both the T- and N-stages can be extracted with high accuracy.
Multilevel Classification of Users’ Needs in Chinese Online Medical and Health Communities: Model Development and Evaluation Based on Graph Convolutional Network
Authors: Cheng Quan , Lin Yingru 
Published: March 2023

Background
Online medical and health communities provide a platform for internet users to share experiences and ask questions about medical and health issues. However, there are problems in these communities, such as the low accuracy of the classification of users’ questions and the uneven health literacy of users, which affect the accuracy of user retrieval and the professionalism of the medical personnel answering the question. In this context, it is essential to study more effective classification methods of users’ information needs.

Objective
Most online medical and health communities tend to provide only disease-type labels, which do not give a comprehensive summary of users’ needs. The study aims to construct a multilevel classification framework based on the graph convolutional network (GCN) model for users’ needs in online medical and health communities so that users can perform more targeted information retrieval.

Methods
Using the Chinese online medical and health community “Qiuyi” as an example, we crawled questions posted by users in the “Cardiovascular Disease” section as the data source. First, the disease types involved in the problem data were segmented by manual coding to generate the first-level label. Second, the needs were identified by K-means clustering to generate the users’ information needs label as the second-level label. Finally, by constructing a GCN model, users’ questions were automatically classified, thus realizing the multilevel classification of users’ needs.

Results
Based on the empirical research of questions posted by users in the “Cardiovascular Disease” section of Qiuyi, the hierarchical classification of users’ questions (data) was realized. The classification models designed in the study achieved accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score of 0.6265, 0.6328, 0.5788, and 0.5912, respectively. Compared with the traditional machine learning method naïve Bayes and the deep learning method hierarchical text classification convolutional neural network, our classification model showed better performance. At the same time, we also performed a single-level classification experiment on users’ needs, which in comparison with the multilevel classification model exhibited a great improvement.

Conclusions
A multilevel classification framework has been designed based on the GCN model. The results demonstrated that the method is effective in classifying users’ information needs in online medical and health communities. At the same time, users with different diseases have different directions for information needs, which plays an important role in providing diversified and targeted services to the online medical and health community. Our method is also applicable to other similar disease classifications.
The Impact of a Messenger-Based Psychosocial Chat Counseling Service on Further Help-Seeking Among Children and Young Adults: Longitudinal Study
Authors: Baldofski Sabrina , Kohls Elisabeth , Efe Zeki , Eckert Melanie , Saee Shadi , Thomas Julia , Wundrack Richard , Rummel-Kluge Christine 
Published: March 2023

Background
Mental crises have high prevalences in adolescence. Early interventions appear to be highly important to diminish the risk of the deterioration, recurrence, or chronification of symptoms. In recent years, various providers have started offering live chat support in psychological crises. The messenger-based psychological counseling service krisenchat aims to support young people in crises and, if necessary, provide a recommendation for a referral to the health care system or to seek further help from a trusted adult person.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the impact of using the counseling service of krisenchat on the further help-seeking behavior of young people, and to identify associated factors of further help-seeking.

Methods
This longitudinal study analyzed anonymous data from 247 individuals who used krisenchat between October 2021 and March 2022, and received a recommendation for further help-seeking. An online survey directly after the chat assessed the perceived helpfulness of the chat and well-being after the chat. After 4 weeks, further help-seeking, facilitators and barriers to help-seeking, and self-efficacy were assessed in an online follow-up survey.

Results
The most frequently recommended services or persons to seek further help from included a psychotherapist or social psychiatric service (75/225, 33.3%), a school psychologist or school social worker (52/225, 23.1%), and the user’s parents (45/225, 20.0%). Of the 247 users, 120 (48.6%) indicated that they contacted the recommended service or person, and of these, 87 (72.5%) stated that they already had an appointment (or talk) with the respective service or person or that an appointment (or talk) was scheduled. The most frequently reported facilitators for further help-seeking were mental health literacy (54/120, 45.0%), improvement of self-efficacy (55/120, 45.8%), and symptom recognition (40/120, 33.3%). In users not displaying further help-seeking behavior, the most frequent barriers included stigmatization (60/127, 47.2%), lack of mental health literacy (59/127, 46.5%), need for self-reliance and autonomy (53/127, 41.7%), and negative family beliefs regarding help services (53/127, 41.7%). Subgroup comparisons indicated significantly higher levels of self-efficacy in users displaying further help-seeking behavior than in those not displaying further help-seeking behavior. Both subgroups did not differ in gender, age, recommended service or person, chat topics, perceived helpfulness, and well-being.

Conclusions
The findings of this study indicate that children and young adults receiving counseling on krisenchat benefit in terms of seeking further help. Further help-seeking seems to be associated with higher levels of self-efficacy.

Trial Registration
Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien DRKS00026671; https://tinyurl.com/4fm5xe68
Benefits of Combined Upper Body Exercise and Compression Therapy for Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema: A Systematic Review
Authors: Al Onazi Mona M. , Campbell Kristin L. , Mackey John R. , McNeely Margaret L. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to examine the benefit of combined upper body exercise and compression therapy for breast cancer related lymphedema. Method: Electronic searches were performed in Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and PEDRO. We included randomized and controlled clinical trials that examined the effect of upper body exercise with use of compression therapy on arm lymphedema. Where data were available, effect sizes were calculated. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. The quality of evidence was rated using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: Of 444 studies, 11 met all inclusion criteria. Two cross-over trials examined single bouts of upper body exercise with or without compression, three intervention trials examined non-resisted upper body exercise and compression, and six intervention trials examined upper body resistance exercise and compression. Only two studies reported statistically significant benefit from the combined intervention for arm lymphedema volume. Seven studies provided adequate data to allow for calculation of effect size; however, heterogeneity precluded pooling of data. The quality of evidence was moderate in intervention trials comparing combined upper body exercise and compression to standard care ( n = 1) or to exercise alone ( n = 1). For all other trials the grade of evidence was low, with quality ratings downgraded due to small sample sizes and/or high or unclear risk of bias. Conclusions: No clear conclusions could be made regarding the benefit of combined upper body exercise and compression for breast cancer related lymphedema. Further high-quality trials are warranted.