bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐line monitoring of protein concentration with MIR spectroscopy during UFDF
Authors: Milewska Adrianna , Baekelandt Géraldine , Boutaieb Sarra , Mozin Vitalii , Falconbridge Andrew 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRapid increase of product titers in upstream processes has presented challenges for downstream processing, where purification costs increase linearly with the increase of the product yield. Hence, innovative solutions are becoming increasingly popular. Process Analytical Technology (PAT) tools, such as spectroscopic techniques, are on the rise due to their capacity to provide real‐time, precise analytics. This ensures consistent product quality and increased process understanding, as well as process control. Mid‐infrared spectroscopy (MIR) has emerged as a highly promising technique within recent years, owing to its ability to monitor several critical process parameters at the same time and unchallenging spectral analysis and data interpretation. For in‐line monitoring, Attenuated Total Reflectance—Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR) is a method of choice, as it enables reliable measurements in a liquid environment, even though water absorption bands are present in the region of interest. Here, we present MIR spectroscopy as a monitoring tool of critical process parameters in ultrafiltration/diafiltration (UFDF). MIR spectrometer was integrated in the UFDF process in an in‐line fashion through a single‐use flow cell containing a single bounce silicon ATR crystal. The results indicate that the one‐point calibration algorithm applied to the MIR spectra, predicts highly accurate protein concentrations, as compared with validated offline analytical methods.
Environmentally friendly cathode interlayer modification on edible bio‐acids with enhanced electron extraction and improved power conversion efficiency
Authors: Wen Junjie , Lin Rui , Wu Yibing , Zhang Hong , Zhou Hui , Liu Zheng , Xie Yu , Ye Dapeng , Ouyang Xinhua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRealizing environmental compatibility and high power conversion efficiency (PCE) are crucial in the research of organic photovoltaics towards practical application. Applying environmentally friendly bio‐materials into the modification of cathode interlayer (CIL) is a feasible approach to move towards both targets. In this research, three edible bio‐acids, ursolic acid, citric acid, and malic acid, are employed to modify the PDIN CIL of the organic solar cells (OSCs) with non‐fullerene acceptors. Among these edible bio‐acid modifiers, ursolic acid shows its excellent performance in improving interfacial contact and suppressing charge recombination. It helps to obtain a good interfacial contact and facilitates the electron extraction. As a result, the photovoltaic performance is significantly improved. The average PCE are increased from 17.58% of the control devices to 18.35% of the PDIN + Ursolic Acid based devices, with a maximum PCE of 18.54%. It is the champion efficiency among the reported applications of bio‐derived materials for the CILs. This study demonstrates the successful application of edible bio‐acid, which offers an effective and green approach for the CIL modification to realize highly efficient OSCs.image
Numerical modelling of subglacial ribs, drumlins, herringbones, and mega‐scale glacial lineations reveals their developmental trajectories and transitions
Authors: Ely Jeremy C. , Stevens David , Clark Chris D. , Butcher Frances E. G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInitially a matter of intellectual curiosity, but now important for understanding ice‐sheet dynamics, the formation of subglacial bedforms has been a subject of scientific enquiry for over a century. Here, we use a numerical model of the coupled flow of ice, water, and subglacial sediment to explore the formation of subglacial ribs (i.e., ribbed moraine), drumlins and mega‐scale glacial lineations (MSGLs). The model produces instabilities at the ice–bed interface, which result in landforms resembling subglacial ribs and drumlins. We find that a behavioural trajectory is present. Initially subglacial ribs form, which can either develop into fields of organized drumlins, or herringbone‐type structures misaligned with ice flow. We present potential examples of these misaligned bedforms in deglaciated landscapes, the presence of which means caution should be taken when interpreting cross‐cutting bedforms to reconstruct ice flow directions. Under unvarying ice flow parameters, MSGLs failed to appear in our experiments. However, drumlin fields can elongate into MSGLs in our model if low ice–bed coupling conditions are imposed. The conditions under which drumlins elongate into MSGLs are analogous to those found beneath contemporary ice streams, providing the first mechanism, rather than just an association, for linking MSGLs with ice stream flow. We conclude that the instability theory, as realized in this numerical model, is sufficient to explain the fundamental mechanics and process‐interactions that lead to the initiation of subglacial bedforms, the development of the distinctive types of bedform patterns, and their evolutionary trajectories. We therefore suggest that the first part of the longstanding ‘drumlin problem’ – how and why they come into existence – is now solved. However, much remains to be discovered regarding the exact sedimentary and hydrological processes involved.
A systematic evaluation of adiabatic‐compressed air energy storage (A‐CAES) based on generating side photovoltaic: A case study on western China
Authors: Li Chengchen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe variability of renewable energy generation and its mismatch with demand may lead to curtailment issues, which necessitates the deployment of energy storage on a significantly larger scale. A‐CAES is a promising technology for its green ability and technology maturity to serve as grid's load following. However, previous research mainly focuses on system analysis and core component optimal, and the performance of A‐CAES when constructing with renewable resources has not been fully addressed. In this paper, a comprehensive evaluation on A‐CAES is presented based on an annual photovoltaic (PV) output in western China. The A‐CAES is modeled from the systematic perspective and the PV output is classified into four types (sunny, mostly‐sunny, mostly‐cloudy, and cloudy). First, the performance with different weather and different rated power of A‐CAES is fully investigated. Then, performance availability with different rated power has been proposed—the optimal condition occurs with average 5.936 MWh/day capacity and 53.49% efficiency on 1800 kW rated power. The evaluation framework is suitable for evaluating the role of CAES with other sources and such result provides a reference for A‐CAES designing and further application.
Identification of Tau protein as a novel marker for maturation and pathological changes of oligodendrocytes
Authors: Torii Tomohiro , Miyamoto Yuki , Nakata Rinaho , Higashi Yuto , Shinmyo Yohei , Kawasaki Hiroshi , Miyasaka Tomohiro , Misonou Hiroaki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMicrotubule‐associated protein Tau is primarily expressed in axons of neurons, but also in Olig2‐positive oligodendrocytes in adult rodent and monkey brains. In this study, we sought to determine at what cell stage Tau becomes expressed in the oligodendrocyte lineage. We performed immunostaining of adult mouse brain sections using well‐known markers of oligodendrocyte lineage and found that Tau is expressed in mature oligodendrocytes, but not in oligodendrocyte progenitors and immature pre‐oligodendrocytes. We also investigated Tau expression in developing mouse brain. Surprisingly, Tau expression occurred after the peak of myelination and even exceeded GSTπ expression, which has been considered as a marker of myelinating oligodendrocytes. These results suggest Tau as a novel marker of oligodendrocyte maturation. We then investigated whether Tau is important for oligodendrocyte development and/or myelination and how Tau changes in demyelination. First, we found no changes in myelination and oligodendrocyte markers in Tau knockout mice, suggesting that Tau is dispensable. Next, we analyzed the proteolipid protein 1 transgenic model of Pelizaeus‐Merzbacher disease, which is a rare leukodystrophy. In hemizygous transgenic mice, the number of Tau‐positive cells were significantly increased as compared with wild type mice. These cells were also positive for Olig2, CC1, and GSTπ, but not PDGFRα and GPR17. In stark contrast, the expression level of Tau, as well as GSTπ, was dramatically decreased in the cuprizone‐induced model of multiple sclerosis. Taken together, we propose Tau as a new marker of oligodendrocyte lineage and for investigating demyelination lesions.
Optimal experimental design and estimation for q‐space trajectory imaging
Authors: Morez Jan , Szczepankiewicz Filip , den Dekker Arnold J. , Vanhevel Floris , Sijbers Jan , Jeurissen Ben 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTensor‐valued diffusion encoding facilitates data analysis by q‐space trajectory imaging. By modeling the diffusion signal of heterogeneous tissues with a diffusion tensor distribution (DTD) and modulating the encoding tensor shape, this novel approach allows disentangling variations in diffusivity from microscopic anisotropy, orientation dispersion, and mixtures of multiple isotropic diffusivities. To facilitate the estimation of the DTD parameters, a parsimonious acquisition scheme coupled with an accurate and precise estimation of the DTD is needed. In this work, we create two precision‐optimized acquisition schemes: one that maximizes the precision of the raw DTD parameters, and another that maximizes the precision of the scalar measures derived from the DTD. The improved precision of these schemes compared to a naïve sampling scheme is demonstrated in both simulations and real data. Furthermore, we show that the weighted linear least squares (WLLS) estimator that uses the squared reciprocal of the noisy signal as weights can be biased, whereas the iteratively WLLS estimator with the squared reciprocal of the predicted signal as weights outperforms the conventional unweighted linear LS and nonlinear LS estimators in terms of accuracy and precision. Finally, we show that the use of appropriate constraints can considerably increase the precision of the estimator with only a limited decrease in accuracy.
Is clinical coordination across care levels different according to the secondary care medical speciality? Results from the Catalan health system
Authors: Campaz‐Landazabal Daniela , Esteve‐Matalí Laura , Vargas Ingrid , Sitjas Eric , Plaja Pere , Sánchez Elvira , Ramon Isabel , Vázquez María Luisa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite the scarce evidence, some studies suggest that cross‐level clinical coordination may vary among secondary care (SC) doctors, influenced by their speciality and organisational model, including degree of decentralisation to primary care (PC). The aim was to determine the differences in experience and perception of cross‐level clinical coordination and related factors according to the SC doctor's speciality in the Catalan health system.MethodsCross‐sectional study, based on an on‐line survey using the COORDENA‐CAT questionnaire, to SC doctors (n = 1666). Descriptive and multivariate analysis were used to compare five groups of SC specialities (decentralised, hospital‐based, internists/geriatricians, gynaecologist, and paediatricians), for experience, perception and factors related to coordination.ResultsWhen comparing with decentralised specialities, hospital‐based specialities and internal medicine/geriatrics reported lower care consistency and follow up across levels, while gynaecology and paediatrics, higher accessibility. General perception of cross‐level coordination was lower in hospital‐based specialities (PR:0.80, 95% CI 0.72–0.89) and higher in gynaecology (PR:1.36, 95% CI 1.18–1.56). Moreover, hospital‐based specialities reported a lower use of some coordination mechanisms and lower knowledge of the primary care doctors (PR:0.42, 95% CI 0.23–0.72), while gynaecology a higher knowledge (PR:2.04, 95% CI 1.22–3.45).ConclusionsResults show differences in experience, perception of coordination, organisational and interactional factors across specialities. These differences may be explained by their complexity, coordination needs and organisational model. Further research is needed to clarify and understand the causes of such differences and the particular needs of coordination of each speciality to identify strategies to improve cross‐level clinical coordination.
Prevalence of common adverse events experienced following COVID‐19 vaccination and its associated factors in Ghana: Cross‐sectional study design
Authors: Boi‐Dsane Naa A. A. , Dzudzor Bartholomew , Alhassan Yakubu , Aheto Justice M. K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsThe novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) (COVID‐19) pandemic devasted the general life of people and various human activities across the globe, and Ghana is of no exception. This led to development of vaccines within record time to combat morbidity and mortality associated with the virus. In Ghana, COVID‐19 vaccines were introduced in addition to existing COVID‐19 protocols. However, the vaccines have adverse events among those who received them. In this study, we determined the prevalence of some common adverse events of the COVID‐19 vaccines and its associated sociodemographic factors in Ghana.MethodsAn online snowball cross‐sectional survey was conducted between April and June 2021 among 240 people who had taken at least one dose of any of the COVID‐19 vaccines approved in Ghana. The penalized binary logistic regression model was used to assess the factors associated with experience of at least one adverse event and the experience of number of adverse events using Stata version 16.ResultsAmong the 240 participants, 88.2% had experienced at least one adverse event. The most common adverse event after the first dose was pain at injection site (65.8%), headache (57.5%), tiredness (55.8%), fever (51.7%), chills (39.6%), and muscle pains (38.3%). Experience of adverse events was 16 times higher among those who took their vaccines in Ghana (adjusted odd ratio [AOR]: 16.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.98–132.56, p = 0.009), 94% less among those who took AstraZeneca (India) compared to AstraZeneca (Oxford) (AOR: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01–0.37, p = 0.002) and 86% less among 40–49 years compared with less than 30 years old (AOR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03–0.58, p = 0.007).ConclusionPain at the injection site, headache, tiredness, fever, chills, and muscle pains were the most frequently reported adverse events. The study identified country of vaccination, country of origin of AstraZeneca vaccine and age to be associated with adverse events of vaccination.
Macro‐financial linkages in the high‐frequency domain: Economic fundamentals and the Covid‐induced uncertainty channel in US and UK financial markets
Authors: Caporale Guglielmo Maria , Karanasos Menelaos , Yfanti Stavroula 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article contributes to our understanding of the macro‐financial linkages in the high‐frequency domain during the recent health crisis. Building on the extant literature that mainly uses monthly or quarterly macro proxies, we examine the daily economic impact on intra‐daily financial volatility by applying the macro‐augmented HEAVY model with asymmetries and power transformations. Our study associates US and UK financial with macroeconomic uncertainties in addition to further macro drivers that exacerbate equity market volatility. Daily local economic policy uncertainty is one of the main drivers of financial volatility, alongside global credit and commodity factors. Higher macro uncertainty is found to increase the leverage and macro effects from credit and commodity markets on US and UK stock market realized volatility. Most interestingly, the Covid‐19 outbreak is found to exert a considerable impact on financial volatilities through the uncertainty channel, given the prevalent worry about controversial policy interventions to support societies and markets, particularly in the case of the severely censured US and UK governments' reluctant and limited response in the very beginning of the pandemic.
Ethnic disparity in cervical cancer stage at diagnosis: A retrospective study in an Israeli referral‐center
Authors: Levin Gabriel , Cohen Lior , Brandt Benny , Kogan Liron , Ben Simchon Omer , Perri Tamar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare stage and survival of cervical cancer between Jewish and Arab women in a tertiary medical center in Israel.MethodsRetrospective study of consecutive women diagnosed with cervical cancer in a single institution between 2010 and 2021. We compared Jewish and Arab patients using univariate, multivariable, and survival curves analysis.ResultsOverall, 207 Jewish women and 45 Arab women were included with a median follow up of 20 months (interquartile range 7–46 months). The groups did not differ in median body mass index, mean age at diagnosis, or menopausal status. Arab women had higher parity. Arab women were at a higher risk to be diagnosed with advanced stage disease (≥2b) (84.4% vs. 57% Arab and Jewish women, respectively, P < 0.001). In a multivariable regression analysis, Arab descent was found to be the only independent factor associated with advanced stage disease (odds ratio 3.95, 95% confidence interval 1.54–10.10). Overall survival and stage‐specific survival were not different between the ethnic groups.ConclusionsAdvanced stage at diagnosis was more prevalent in Arab women compared with Jewish women with cervical cancer, whereas stage‐specific survival was similar. Further studies addressing possible contributing factors to inequality should be undertaken to find corrective measures.
Updating the evidence: A systematic review of a decade of Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation (IECMHC) research
Authors: Silver H. Callie , Davis Schoch Annie E. , Loomis Alysse M. , Park Christen E. , Zinsser Katherine M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInfant and Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation (IECMHC) is a preventative, capacity‐building intervention in which mental health professionals partner with early childhood professionals to indirectly improve the environments and relationships that young children experience. Prior research has demonstrated that IECMHC is associated with positive outcomes for children, teachers, and classrooms. Over the past decade, IECMHC implementation and research have expanded, warranting an updated review. The current paper provides an update of the IECMHC evidence base. Included studies (n = 16) were systematically gathered, screened, and coded for context, intervention characteristics, methods and measures, outcomes across ecological levels, and alignment with the IDEAS Impact Framework's guiding questions. Our analysis replicates prior reviews, describing the positive impact of IECMHC on outcomes such as child externalizing behavior, teacher self‐efficacy, and teacher‐child interactions. Beyond updating prior reviews, this analysis describes emerging, nuanced findings regarding the mechanisms of change and the differential impact of IECMHC. We augment our review with descriptions of evaluations that did not meet our inclusion criteria (e.g., IECMHC in the home visiting context, unpublished evaluation reports) to provide context for our findings. Finally, we provide policy and practice implications and articulate an agenda for future research.
Emerging personality in adolescence: developmental trajectories, internalizing and externalizing problems, and the role of mentalizing abilities
Authors: Benzi Ilaria Maria Antonietta , Fontana Andrea , Barone Lavinia , Preti Emanuele , Parolin Laura , Ensink Karin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionIdentifying longitudinal trajectories of emerging personality (EP) is crucial to highlight developmental patterns that might foster personality pathology in adolescence and early adulthood. Research on the exacerbation of personality pathology in adolescence identifies the significant contribution of internalizing and externalizing problems and suggests the importance of considering aspects such as mentalization, while accounting for gender differences.MethodsIn our study, we adopted a mixed‐model approach to (1) explore longitudinally EP (Adolescent Personality Structure Questionnaire; APS‐Q) over 12 months in a sample of adolescents (N = 178, 62% females, mAGE = 15.04, SD = 1.27), accounting for gender effects. Moreover, (2) we assessed the longitudinal effect of internalizing and externalizing problems (Youth Self‐Report; YSR‐112) on EP. Finally, (3) we addressed the moderating role of mentalization (Movie Assessment for Social Cognition; MASC) in this developmental pathway.ResultsResults highlighted a two‐way pattern of EP. No changes were found in the level of difficulties in Self‐acceptance, Investments and Goals, and Relationships with family dimensions. However, significant changes were found in personality functioning in the dimensions of Sense of Self, Aggression, and Relationships with friends. More, changes in difficulties in Sexuality emerged only in females. Also, gender differences emerged in the level of severity of EP. In addition, Internalizing and Externalizing problems differentially predicted difficulties in personality dimensions. Finally, mentalizing features moderated the relationship between Internalizing problems and Sense of Self and Internalizing problems and Self‐acceptance, respectively.ConclusionsOur contribution aligns with recent developmental models of personality pathology, suggesting that different personality dimensions develop at different paces. More, it highlights the predictive power of externalizing and internalizing problems on difficulties in personality dimensions. Finally, it advances the discussion on the contribution of mentalizing abilities to EP.
Choline and geranic acid (CAGE) ionic liquids inhibit both elastase activity and growth of oral bacteria
Authors: Laird Noah Z. , Phruttiwanichakun Pornpoj , Zhu Min , Banas Jeffrey A. , Elangovan Satheesh , Salem Aliasger K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCholine and geranic acid (CAGE) ionic liquids have recently been shown to have applications in the delivery of macromolecules and poorly soluble drugs across epithelial barriers and in bacterial growth inhibition. Ionic liquids are known to denature proteins by the disruption of forces that guide natural protein folding, and the inflammatory enzyme elastase was recently shown to be inhibited by a variety of ionic liquids other than CAGE. Inhibition of collagenolytic enzymes, including elastase, has been shown to improve outcomes in cases of periodontitis via amelioration of periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone resorption. In this study, we investigated whether CAGE prepared with varying stoichiometries was able to inhibit elastase at varying concentrations and whether these CAGE formulations could inhibit the growth of key pathogenic bacterial species associated with oral health conditions. We found that CAGE was capable of inhibiting both porcine elastase and human neutrophil elastase at concentrations as low as 5 mM, and that CAGE formulations were effective at inhibiting the growth of all tested pathogenic oral bacteria. The inhibition of elastase by CAGE may be a mechanism by which CAGE can improve outcomes in periodontitis independent from CAGE's known antibacterial properties.