bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2D Weyl‐Semimetal States Achieved by a Thickness‐Dependent Crossover and Topological Phase Transition in Bi0.96Sb0.04 Thin Films
Authors: Jang Chan Wook , Salawu Yusuff Adeyemi , Kim Jin Hee , Nguyen Van Quang , Kim Min Seop , Lee Sang‐Eon , Son Hyebin , Kim Heon‐Jung , Rhyee Jong‐Soo , Hoa Vu Thi , Cho Sunglae , Lee Jong Seok , Jung Myung‐Hwa , Shon Won Hyuk , Jeong Tae Jin , Kim Sung , Yum Han‐Yup , Kim Jung Ho , Wang Xiaolin , Elliman R. G. , Park Sang J. , Kim Junseok , Jin Hyungyu , Choi Suk‐Ho 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite theoretical expectations for 2D Weyl semimetals (WSMs), realizing stable 2D topological semimetal states experimentally is currently a great challenge. Here, 2D WSM states achieved by a thickness‐dependent topological phase transition from 3D Dirac semimetal to 2D WSM in molecular‐beam‐epitaxy‐grown Bi0.96Sb0.04 thin films are reported. 2D weak anti‐localization (WAL) and chiral anomaly arise in the Bi0.96Sb0.04 films for thicknesses below ≈10 nm, supporting 2D Weyl semimetallic transport in the films. This is particularly evident from magnetoresistance (MR) measurements which show cusp structures at around B = 0, indicating WAL, and negative MR, typical of chiral anomaly, only for layers with thicknesses below ≈10 nm. The temperature dependencies of the dephasing length for various thicknesses are consistent with those of the MR. Analysis based on second harmonic generation, terahertz emission, Seebeck/Hall effects, Raman scattering, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoemission demonstrates that the Dirac‐ to Weyl‐semimetal phase transition for films thinner than ≈10 nm is induced by inversion‐symmetry breaking due to the lattice‐mismatch strain between the Bi0.96Sb0.04 film and substrate. The realization of 2D WSMs is particularly significant for applications in high‐speed electronics, spintronics, and quantum computations due to their high mobility, chiral spin, and topologically‐protected quantum qubits.
High Anti‐Jamming Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensors Based on Core–Shell Structured AgNWs@TiO2
Authors: Han Renhou , Liu Yue , Mo Yepei , Xu Huichen , Yang Zhengwen , Bao Rongrong , Pan Caofeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFlexible capacitive pressure sensors play an important role in electronic skin and human–machine interaction due to their high sensitivity and convenient preparation, comparing with those resistive/piezoresistive sensors. However, due to the complexity of the application environment, reported capacitive sensors often experience signal instability by electromagnetic interference and proximity effects. The great challenge for capacitive sensors is to maintain sensitivity and wide linear range while reducing interference. This study proposes a high anti‐jamming capacitive flexible pressure sensor with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)@AgNWs@TiO2 film as the dielectric layer. Core–shell structure‐based AgNWs@TiO2 is embedded into the PVDF film. The introduction of the core–shell structure not only enhances the initial capacitance but also balances the dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and breakdown strength of the dielectric layer. The sensor is validated to exhibit a high signal‐to‐noise ratio for a variety of interference sources and is demonstrated with an intelligent glove sensing system, which provides a new idea for developing a high anti‐jamming capacitive flexible pressure sensor.
Inkjet‐Printed and Nanopatterned Photonic Phosphor Motifs with Strongly Polarized and Directional Light‐Emission
Authors: Cabello‐Olmo Elena , Romero Manuel , Kainz Michael , Bernroitner Anna , Kopp Sonja , Mühlberger Michael , Lozano Gabriel , Míguez Hernán 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHerein a versatile and scalable method to prepare periodically corrugated nanophosphor surface patterns displaying strongly polarized and directional visible light emission is demonstrated. A combination of inkjet printing and soft lithography techniques is employed to obtain arbitrarily shaped light emitting motifs. Such predesigned luminescent drawings, in which the polarization and angular properties of the emitted light are determined and finely tuned through the surface relief, can be used as anti‐counterfeiting labels, as these two specific optical features provide additional means to identify any unauthorized or forged copy of the protected item. The potential of this approach is exemplified by processing a self‐standing photoluminescent quick response code whose emission is both polarized and directionally beamed. Physical insight of the mechanism behind the directional out‐coupled photoluminescence observed is provided by finite‐difference time‐domain calculations.
Defective S‐TiO2−x/CeO2 Heterojunction for Mutual Reinforcing Chemodynamic/Sonocatalytic Antibacterial Therapy and Sonoelectric/Ion‐Activated Bone Regeneration
Authors: Wang Chaofeng , Lei Jie , Mao Congyang , Wu Shuilin , Zheng Yufeng , Liang Chunyong , Yang Lei , Zhu Shengli , Li Zhaoyang , Jiang Hui , Zhang Yu , Yang Cao , Liu Xiangmei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSonocatalysis and chemodynamics have attracted widespread attention in antibacterial therapy. The transfer efficiency of electrons plays an important role in sonocatalysis and chemodynamics, and how to regulate electron transfer and achieve mutual‐reinforcement between sonocatalysis and chemodynamic to achieve efficient antibacterial therapy is a difficult problem. Here, this study develops a defective S‐doped TiO2 and CeO2 heterojunction(S‐TiO2−x/CeO2）sonosensitizer that can enhance chemodynamic therapy by regulating valence transitions of CeIII/CeIV by sonoelectrons, and enhancing sonocatalytic therapy by creating heterojunctions to accelerate the transfer of interface electron, thereby achieving mutual reinforcement of sonocatalysis and chemodynamic. It could kill 99.3% of S. aureus under ultrasound (US) irradiation . Due to the presence of mixed valence states CeIII/CeIV in CeO2, S‐TiO2−x/CeO2 could be as oxy‐substrates. Ce4+ can deplete glutathione and reacts with H2O2 in bacteria to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). These activities combines with ROS generated from sonocatalysis, resulting in bacterial death. Meanwhile, the electrical signal generated by S‐TiO2−x/CeO2 under US stimulation and the cerium ions could activate the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway to induce hBMSCs to differentiate into osteoblast. S‐TiO2−x/CeO2 successfully treats osteomyelitis under US irradiation by effectively clearing infection, suppressing inflammatory, and promoting bone regeneration, and it provides effective treatment for patients with deep infection.
Covalently Bonded Graphene Sheets on Carbon Nanotubes: Direct Growth and Outstanding Properties
Authors: Sheng Jian , Han Zhen , Jia Guodong , Zhu Sheng , Xu Yifan , Zhang Xinrui , Yao Yixi , Li Yan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntegrating 1D carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and 2D graphene with covalent bonds can inherit the outstanding properties of both components and obtain additional advantages. Here, this work reports the preparation of covalently bonded graphene/CNT (G/CNT) structure by a normal chemical vapor deposition method. Specifically, the pre‐synthesized defects on the sidewall of CNTs act as nucleation sites for the growth of graphene sheets to form a branch‐leaf structure. Graphene leaves restrict the sliding and re‐stacking of CNTs, endowing G/CNT hybrid demonstrates excellent anti‐agglomeration properties that are not present in either graphene or CNTs. In addition, the covalently bonded structure and high graphitization degree of graphene sheets and CNTs significantly enhance the comprehensive properties of the G/CNT hybrid material, such as large specific surface area, excellent thermal stability, and high electrical conductivity. Consequently, the microwave absorption properties of G/CNT are significantly enhanced compared with CNTs. This work provides a feasible pathway to synthesize high‐performance covalently bonded G/CNT hybrids.
A Porous Organic Framework‐Based Nanoplatform for Directional Destruction on Endoplasmic Reticulum to Enhance Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Hao , Liu Yang , Cao Yue , Song Peizhe , Li Wanying , Lv Zhijia , Song Shuyan , Wang Yinghui , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the development of oncology, immunotherapy holds great promise for tumor treatment. However, immunogenic cell death (ICD), an important stimulator of immune response, often fails to trigger effective immunotherapy. Herein, a strategy to cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress for further amplifying ICD is reported. A porous organic framework‐based nanoplatform (PLGH‐TER) with good targeting ER ability for chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) based‐photodynamic therapy (PDT) is developed, which solves the limitations of the restricted penetration of light and suboptimal bioavailability of commonly used photosensitizers (PS). Once accumulated in ER, PLGH‐TER activates the translation from glucose to H2O2 for starvation therapy and further elicit CRET‐based‐PDT, which results in ER stress and amplified ICD ultimately. Then, the amplified ICD promotes the release of damage‐associated molecular patterns , realizing enhanced immunotherapy. Consequently, PLGH‐TER can achieve directional destruction on ER and inhibit tumor invasion and recurrence, which expands the application of porous organic framework for tumor immunotherapy.
Fine AgPd Nanoalloys Achieving Size and Ensemble Synergy for High‐Efficiency CO2 to CO Electroreduction
Authors: Zeng Qing , Tian Shaonan , Liu Hui , Xu Lin , Cui Penglei , Chen Dong , Wang Jing , Yang Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlloying the active metal with a second metal is an effective way to tailor the adsorption of reaction intermediates through an ensemble effect. Herein, based on theoretical calculations validating that the ensemble sites composed of Ag and Pd atoms could reduce the energy gap for *COOH and *CO intermediates generated during electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) by either weakening the CO adsorption or enhancing the COOH adsorption, a strategy to produce AgPd alloy nanoparticles with fine sizes for synergizing the ensemble effect and size leverage toward high CO faradaic efficiency in eCO2RR is reported. In particular, the AgPd alloy nanoparticles at an optimized Ag/Pd atomic ratio of 35/65 affords a maximum CO faradaic efficiency of 98.9% and a CO partial current density of 5.1 mA cm−2 at the potential of −0.8 V (vs RHE) with satisfactory durability of up to 25 h, outperforming those of most Pd‐based electrocatalysts recently reported and demonstrating great potential for further application in producing CO via eCO2RR at ambient conditions.
Zn Ionophores to Suppress Hydrogen Evolution and Promote Uniform Zn Deposition in Aqueous Zn Batteries
Authors: Bai Xue , Nan Yang , Yang Kai , Deng Bijian , Shao Jiajia , Hu Weiguo , Pu Xiong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUncontrolled Zn dendrites and undesirable side reactions such as Zn self‐corrosion and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remain major challenges for the further development of aqueous Zn batteries (AZBs). In this study, macrolide antibiotics are proposed to be added to aqueous electrolyte, serving as Zn ionophores to modulate Zn2+ solvation structure, regulate Zn electrodeposition, and suppress undesirable parasitic reactions. Azithromycin (Azi), a representative macrolide antibiotic, is demonstrated to undergo bidentate coordination with Zn ions and remodel the solvation structure into [ZnAzi(H2O)4]2+. Meanwhile, the self‐corrosion and HER at the Zn anode side are significantly suppressed, evidenced quantitatively by the on‐line hydrogen production monitoring. Furthermore, the promotion of dense and uniform Zn electrodeposition by the ionophores is also confirmed. The repeated Zn plating/stripping test with 0.1 m Azi in electrolyte reaches a high cumulative capacity of 10 Ah cm−2 at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and an area capacity of 10 mAh cm−2. Moreover, the corresponding Zn‐V2O5 pouch cell achieves stable operation for 100 cycles without bulging caused by gas evolution. Thus, the electrolyte engineering approach presents a practically viable strategy for the development of AZBs.
Energy Efficient Artificial Olfactory System with Integrated Sensing and Computing Capabilities for Food Spoilage Detection
Authors: Jung Gyuweon , Kim Jaehyeon , Hong Seongbin , Shin Hunhee , Jeong Yujeong , Shin Wonjun , Kwon Dongseok , Choi Woo Young , Lee Jong‐Ho 
Published: August 2023

AbstractArtificial olfactory systems (AOSs) that mimic biological olfactory systems are of great interest. However, most existing AOSs suffer from high energy consumption levels and latency issues due to data conversion and transmission. In this work, an energy‐ and area‐efficient AOS based on near‐sensor computing is proposed. The AOS efficiently integrates an array of sensing units (merged field effect transistor (FET)‐type gas sensors and amplifier circuits) and an AND‐type nonvolatile memory (NVM) array. The signals of the sensing units are directly connected to the NVM array and are computed in memory, and the meaningful linear combinations of signals are output as bit line currents. The AOS is designed to detect food spoilage by employing thin zinc oxide films as gas‐sensing materials, and it exhibits low detection limits for H2S and NH3 gases (0.01 ppm), which are high‐protein food spoilage markers. As a proof of concept, monitoring the entire spoilage process of chicken tenderloin is demonstrated. The system can continuously track freshness scores and food conditions throughout the spoilage process. The proposed AOS platform is applicable to various applications due to its ability to change the sensing temperature and programmable NVM cells.
Improving agronomic effectiveness of elemental sulfur to increase productivity in sulfur‐deficient soils
Authors: Boubakry Cissé , Agyin‐Birikorang Sampson , Adu‐Gyamfi Raphael , Chambers Rachel A. , Tindjina Ignatius , Angzenaa Albert B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElemental sulfur (ES), a byproduct of oil and gas processing, could be an alternate sulfur (S) fertilizer source for crop production if its bioavailability is improved. Increasing the specific surface of ES by reducing its particle size can accelerate ES oxidation to enhance its bioavailability. In field trials at six locations across three countries: two each in the United States, Ghana, and Mali, we determined the agronomic effectiveness of micronized ES (MES). Specific objectives were to quantify (i) corn (Zea mays L.) productivity, (ii) S recovery, and (iii) residual soil S concentration; following MES application, compared to ammonium sulfate (AS), a commercially available sulfate fertilizer, at four application rates—(i) locally recommended sulfur application rate (SR), (ii) 50%_SR, (iii) 75%_SR, and (iv) 125%_SR—and a control where no S was applied. Averaged across all sites and in the three growing seasons, AS at 50%_SR increased corn yield by ≤8% relative to control. Increasing to 75%_SR, SR, and 125%_SR resulted in 12%, 26%, and 28% yield increases, respectively. Applying MES at 50%_SR increased yield by ≤6%, and at 75%_SR, yield increased by ≤26%. Increasing the S application rate to SR and 125%_SR resulted in marginal yield increases. The combined data suggest that MES can be applied at a reduced rate of 75_SR to achieve similar yields as AS applied at SR. We conclude that MES could be an efficient S fertilizer alternative. However, economic analysis is needed to determine the potential profitability of using MES fertilizer products for crop production.
Age‐adjusted D‐dimer, clinical pre‐test probability‐adjusted D‐dimer, and whole leg ultrasound in ruling out suspected proximal and calf deep venous thrombosis
Authors: Sartori Michelangelo , Borgese Laura , Favaretto Elisabetta , Lasala Elisa , Bortolotti Roberta , Cosmi Benilde 
Published: August 2023

AbstractD‐dimer (DD) and ultrasonography (US) are part of the diagnostic workup for lower‐extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Recent studies have shown that adjusting DD level cut‐offs by age or clinical pre‐test probability (PTP) decreases the use of US. We compared diagnostic accuracy of PTP‐adjusted DD and age‐adjusted DD in 3883 patients (F: 61.1%; age: 65.3 ± 16.8 y) referred to our unit for clinically suspected DVT. All patients underwent clinical evaluation, DD, and US. Proximal DVT was detected in 477 (12.4%) patients, and distal DVT was isolated in 342 (8.9%) patients. In the remaining 3064 patients there were 23 venous thromboembolic events (0.75%, 95% CI: 0.50–1.12) during the 3‐month follow‐up. The specificities of DD, age‐adjusted DD, and PTP‐adjusted DD in patients without high PTP levels were 47% (95% CI: 45–49), 61% (95% CI: 59–62), and 67% (95% CI: 65–68), respectively. The negative predictive value (NPV) was 96% (95% CI: 95–97) for all diagnostic strategies. When only proximal DVTs were considered, the NPV increased to 99% (95% CI: 98–99). US was avoided in 37% (95% CI: 36–38) of patients with a fixed cut‐off DD, 48% (95% CI: 47–50) with age‐adjusted DD, and 52% (95% CI: 51–54) with PTP‐adjusted DD. The failure rate for all DVTs of DD, age‐adjusted DD, and PTP‐adjusted DD was 2.0% (95% CI: 1.6–2.5), 2.7% (95% CI: 2.2–3.2), and 2.5% (95% CI: 2.1–3.0), respectively. Compared with the standard DD cut‐off, both age‐adjusted and PTP‐adjusted DD reduced the proportion of patients who required US at the cost of a small increase in failure rate.
Predictive factors for decreased baseline quality of life in patients with sinonasal malignancies
Authors: Fleseriu Cara M. , Beswick Daniel M. , Maoz Sabrina L. , Hwang Peter H. , Choby Garret , Kuan Edward C. , Chan Erik P. , Adappa Nithin D. , Geltzeiler Mathew , Getz Anne E. , Humphries Ian M. , Le Christopher H. , Abuzeid Waleed M. , Chang Eugene H. , Jafari Aria , Kingdom Todd T. , Kohanski Michael A. , Lee Jivianne K. , Nabavizadeh Seyed A. , Nayak Jayakar V. , Palmer James N. , Patel Zara M. , Pinheiro‐Neto Carlos D. , Resnick Adam C. , Smith Timothy L. , Snyderman Carl H. , St. John Maie A. , Storm Jay , Suh Jeffrey D. , Wang Marilene B. , Wang Eric W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of sinonasal malignancies (SNMs) on quality of life (QOL) at presentation is poorly understood. The Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) and University of Washington Quality of Life (UWQOL) are validated QOL instruments with distinctive subdomains. This study aims to identify factors impacting pretreatment QOL in SNM patients to personalize multidisciplinary management and counseling.MethodsPatients with previously untreated SNMs were prospectively enrolled (2015–2022) in a multicenter observational study. Baseline pretreatment QOL instruments (SNOT‐22, UWQOL) were obtained along with demographics, comorbidities, histopathology/staging, tumor involvement, and symptoms. Multivariable regression models identified factors associated with reduced baseline QOL.ResultsAmong 204 patients, presenting baseline QOL was significantly reduced. Multivariable regression showed worse total SNOT‐22 QOL in patients with skull base erosion (p = 0.02). SNOT‐rhinologic QOL was worse in women (p = 0.009), patients with epistaxis (p = 0.036), and industrial exposure (p = 0.005). SNOT extranasal QOL was worse in patients with industrial exposure (p = 0.016); worse SNOT ear/facial QOL if perineural invasion (PNI) (p = 0.027). Squamous cell carcinoma pathology (p = 0.037), palate involvement (p = 0.012), and pain (p = 0.017) were associated with worse SNOT sleep QOL scores. SNOT psychological subdomain scores were significantly worse in patients with palate lesions (p = 0.022), skull base erosion (p = 0.025), and T1 staging (p = 0.023). Low QOL was more likely in the presence of PNI on UW health (p = 0.019) and orbital erosion on UW overall (p = 0.03). UW social QOL was worse if palatal involvement (p = 0.023) or PNI (p = 0.005).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate a negative impact on baseline QOL in patients with SNMs and suggest sex‐specific and symptom‐related lower QOL scores, with minimal histopathology association. Anatomical tumor involvement may be more reflective of QOL than T‐staging, as orbital and skull base erosion, PNI, and palate lesions are significantly associated with reduced baseline QOL.
Toward Understanding the Formation Mechanism and OER Catalytic Mechanism of Hydroxides by In Situ and Operando Techniques
Authors: Chen Zongkun , Fan Qiqi , Zhou Jian , Wang Xingkun , Huang Minghua , Jiang Heqing , Cölfen Helmut 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeveloping efficient and affordable electrocatalysts for the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains a significant barrier that needs to be overcome for the practical applications of hydrogen production via water electrolysis, transforming CO2 to value‐added chemicals, and metal‐air batteries. Recently, hydroxides have shown promise as electrocatalysts for OER. In situ or operando techniques are particularly indispensable for monitoring the key intermediates together with understanding the reaction process, which is extremely important for revealing the formation/OER catalytic mechanism of hydroxides and preparing cost‐effective electrocatalysts for OER. However, there is a lack of comprehensive discussion on the current status and challenges of studying these mechanisms using in situ or operando techniques, which hinders our ability to identify and address the obstacles present in this field. This review offers an overview of in situ or operando techniques, outlining their capabilities, advantages, and disadvantages. Recent findings related to the formation mechanism and OER catalytic mechanism of hydroxides revealed by in situ or operando techniques are also discussed in detail. Additionally, some current challenges in this field are concluded and appropriate solution strategies are provided.
Bestimmung reaktionskinetischer Daten an Assoziations‐Dissoziations‐Gleichgewichten von H‐Brücken‐Assoziaten durch Ultraschallabsorptionsmessungen an verdünnten Lösungen
Authors: Maier Wilhelm , Rudolph Heinz Dieter 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEs wird zunächst eine kurze Darstellung der allgemeinen Theorie der durch ein chemisches Reaktionsgleichgewicht in verdünnter Lösung verursachten zusätzlichen Ultraschallabsorption gegeben. Diese Theorie wird dann auf den Fall eines Monomer‐Dimer‐Gleichgewichts spezialisiert. Einige Näherungen, für deren Gültigkeit Kriterien angegeben werden, vereinfachen die Absorptionsformel. Sie gewinnt eine besonders einfache Gestalt im Falle verdünnter Lösungen einer Substanz, bei der bei Konzentrationen von der Größenordnung 1 Mol‐% das Gleichgewicht stark zugunsten der Dimeren verschoben ist. Die Formel erlaubt dann eine Bestimmung der Reaktionsdaten aus Schallabsorptionsmessungen bei einer einzigen Schallfrequenz.
Der Vorgang H + Cl2 → HCl + Cl als Molekularstrahlreaktion
Authors: Martin H. , Diskowski H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEs wird der Elementarprozeß

als Molekularstrahlreaktion durchgeführt, indem in hochverdünntes Chlor (Maxwellgas, Zimmertemperatur) thermisch erzeugte H‐Atome (Atomstrahl) eingestrahlt werden. Aus der Temperaturabhängigkeit der experimentell gefundenen Stoßausbeuten läßt sich die Aktivierungsenergie der Reaktion (1) berechnen, wenn man diese als die (beim unelastischen Stoß in innere Energie umwandelbare) Relativenergie E*rel der stoßenden Teilchen auffaßt.Für die Stoßausbeuten wird gefunden:

für die Aktivierungsenergie errechnet man hieraus E*rel = 9,4 ± 0,4 kcal.