bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reservoir Simulation Assessment for the Effect of Asphaltene Deposition on Waterflooding in B Oilfield
Authors: Li Changyong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAsphaltene deposition has been observed in some wells within low-pressure areas in B oilfield during depletion. It is therefore concerns about asphaltene precipitation in the reservoir casued by decreasing pressure are raised. In this study, the impact of asphaltene deposition on water flooding in B oilfield was assessed by reservoir simulation.This work built a new simulation model and investigated five kinds of formation damage due to asphaltene precipitation, which are porosity loss, permeability impairment, wettability alteration, relative permeability and capillary pressure changes, and oil viscosity variation. The instantaneous porosity loss equals to the volume of compressed pore and deposited asphaltene per grid block volume. The permeability impairment is calculated considering rock compressibility, asphaltene deposition on rock surface and throat plugging by asphaltene. The wettability alteration, oil-water relative permeability and capillary pressure changes were investigated according to published laboratory experiments, Gibbs adsorption theory and the modified Corey type model. Moreover, the oil viscosity variation was calculated by using a linear function model.The simulation results show that asphaltene deposition in the reservoir would easily cause well skin and reduce the productivity index. As a result of wettability alteration caused by asphaltene surface deposition, the predicted oilfield water cut increases more quickly than that of the model without considering asphaltene deposition. Besides, the oil recovery factor reduces significantly when the reservoir pressure maintenance level is far lower than the upper onset pressure. The preferred reservoir pressure in a specific oilfield should be optimized based on sensitivity simulation cases to obtain a high oil recovery factor and slow water cut increase. B oilfield is recommended to maintain reservoir pressure around 5000 psi.
Extended Abstract: Complex Offshore Well Intervention Now Possible by using Thru-Tubing Bridge Plug to Produce By-Pass zone and Isolate Lower Production Zone
Authors: Eyuboglu Sami , Siregar Erlangga , Andhika Banu , Murvianto Febrian , Yuliarosa Zandra , Siahaan Patria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIsolating lower production zone (water shut-off) and finding new perforation intervals from another reservoir zone is a typical well intervention application in mature fields. In normal conditions, legacy permanent barriers (Through Tubing Bridge Plugs -TTBP) have been used in those applications very successfully. However, challenges are posed by, well bore restrictions (passing smaller OD restrictions), rig height, reliability and setting validations with legacy tools in harsh environments and well conditions. This paper discusses the challenges during offshore well intervention operation in Indonesia due to the limited space for rig-up, limited crane lifting capability, and un-manned well platform with only daylight operation and the solutions for these challenges with new slim-sized TTBP technology and the slim-sized Pulsed Neutron tool.Critical success factors of this operation included providing valid gas saturation data by using a 1 11/16" Pulsed Neutron tool (TMD3D) to determine the remaining gas in producing interval and any bypassed opportunities; establishing enough force by using a slim size electromechanical setting tool (DPU) to set the 1 11/16" TTBP at the desired depth and establishing a mechanical barrier which can hold up to 1200 psi differential pressure until a cement cap can be established; and running a perforation simulation to select the right gun to create an effective perforation tunnel between the wellbore and the formation for optimized gas production from the bypass zone.Despite all the challenges, a good mechanical barrier was established to isolate the lower water production zone and successfully determine gas saturation in bypassed reservoirs by using the Pulsed Neutron data. Perforation intervals were selected with the pulsed neutron analysis. After perforation, significant gas production was established which was 50% higher than predicted. New slim-sized technology tools resulted in flawless job execution with their high reliability and cost-effective solutions without any service quality issues. In addition to increased gas production, efficient operation resulted by completing the job one week earlier than scheduled, which provided extra cost savings. This case study identified the challenges in complex well intervention operations and provides a valuable water shut off solution by using new 1 11/16" TTBP and 1 11/16" DPU technology. The solution has proven to provide tremendous cost saving for production enhancement activity.
A Successful Fines Stabiliser Pilot Application in Arresting Severe Production Decline and Prolong Well Life
Authors: Hendraningrat Luky , Ramly Nora Aida , Riyanto Latief , Baharuddin Salina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFines migration is a recognized as one source of formation damage in oil and gas production wells. A newly fine stabilizers chemical was developed and applied to prolong oil well productivity by adhering the migrating fines to the pore surfaces and reducing the tendency for mobilization as observed in the laboratory. The paper presents the successful pilot application and monitoring process of newly developed fine stabilizer in an oil well with has a history of rapid decline after several times of stimulation.A screening process to identify pilot well was carried out into well "C". The well was natural flow for almost 2 decades but in last 8 years, it showed a sharp oil productivity decline after several times workover (re-perforation). A series of experiments were performed to identify the root cause of the rapid decline of the oil well and concluded due to migrating clays. The newly fines stabilization chemical was developed which has a purpose to prevent detachment of those fines and prolong the formation structure integrity by keeping the fines stuck on the rock surface. The workflow breakdown design structure for injection and monitoring were carried out to ensure the well achieve the agreed objective that was to increase back production by reperforation job and to reduce production decline rate by 90% for the first 6 months and 30% afterwards.As a first pilot, well "C" has the main target to delay the production decline after re-perforation due to fines migration as concluded based on root cause analysis of formation damage from comprehensive laboratory experiments. The novel inhouse fines stabilization chemical was introduced as damage remedial by neutralizing fines migration through microflocs and coagulated fines as solid. It was injected near the wellbore around 4-5 ft. and monitored for 6 months. The sampling was taken regularly to measure produced clay and sands and compared with the pre-treatment results. The particle size measurement showed if the produced particles decreased significantly. The post-treatment of fine stabilizer chemical shows that it can prolong oil well productivity by delaying the decline rate to 1.5%/month for 6 months monitoring period and even stable over 1 years, which means exceed the expectation.The successful result of well treatment using newly fine stabilizers chemical has unlocked additional oil production and prolong well life.
Application of Fracture Propagation and Production Simulation Technology to Multi-Stage Length Optimisation in Horizontal Wells
Authors: Ding Xiaojun , Zhou Wei , Bai Jinlian , Yuan Dongjiao , Lian Liming , Chen Jinghua , Zhao Haizhu , Li Xianming , Yang Xiao , Deng Yantao , Huang Xingning 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLow-permeability reservoirs are characterized by low oil and gas abundance, poor permeability, natural productivity lower than the lower limit of industrial oil flow, and rapid decline of formation energy. Hydraulic fracturing technology is widely used for the development of low-porosity and low-permeability reservoirs. The hydraulic fractures formed by using the hydraulic fracturing technology are the "underground highway" for oil and gas flowing from the deep reservoir to the wellbore. The combination between the long well section of the horizontal well in the reservoir and the wellbore can greatly improve the utilization of oil and gas resources in the reservoir. Therefore, hydraulic fracturing is the key technology to improve the production of low-permeability reservoirs. This paper establishes a volume fracturing propagation model by using the finite element method and discrete element method, and conducts the fracture propagation simulation of multi cluster fracturing in horizontal wells of low-permeability Nanyishan reservoirs in Qinghai Oilfield. The results show that when the stress difference（Difference between the maximum horizontal principal stress and the minimum horizontal principal stress） is less than 4 MPa, volume cracks tend to be generated. When the stress difference is higher than 5 MPa, plane cracks are mainly generated. The natural fracture density affects the volume fracturing effect only under the condition of low stress difference. When the stress difference is 3 MPa, the number of perforating clusters is increased, the cluster spacing is reduced, the improvement area is not significantly increased, the cracks between clusters are seriously interfered, and local cracks are merged. When the stress difference is 5 MPa, there is relatively weak interference between clusters. The increase of perforation clusters promotes the communication between natural fractures, volume fracture development, and expansion of reconstruction area. The research results of this paper provide strong technical support for optimizing the fracturing scheme, improving the single well productivity of low-permeability reservoirs, and developing low-permeability reservoirs in a cost-effective way.
Hydraulic Fracturing Practices for Sustainable Production in Gas Wells: Approach, Methodology, Results, and Comparison with Offset Gas Wells Case Histories
Authors: Aldawsari Mudhish , Alsulaim Abdullah , Khamatdinov Rafael , Vossen Johannes 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNowadays tight oil and gas reservoirs all around the world are increasingly exploited using wells where hydraulic fracturing is an essential technique to enable commercial productivity. In the case of a low permeability sandstone gas reservoir, understanding geological environment and selection of the optimal hydraulic fracturing design and implementation is key to obtain sustainable flow rates. Analysis of performed frac jobs and well performance across one field with 6 gas offset wells is reviewed in this paper.Wells analyzed in this paper were all drilled into a shaly sandstone reservoir, with a high probability of including a favorable net-to-gross ratio of reservoir quality sandstones. The reservoir properties of these sandstone formations vary from a well to another with an average reservoir pressure of 5,500 psi – 8,500 psi, average reservoir temperature of 300 deg F, average reservoir porosity of 6-10% and average permeability between 0.5 – 4 mD. These reservoir properties are indication of tight reservoir where hydraulic fracturing is an essential technique to enable commercial productivity from the wells as well as controlling proppant and sands flowback. In most cases, 20/40 HSP and 20/40 RC-HSP proppant types were used in frac operations to provide the required conductivity in the reservoir and also control the proppant and sand from being flowed back to the surface. In addition to the proppant type, high final proppant concentration was also one of the key parameters to ensure proppant packing is achieved at the end of the job and help minimizing proppant flow back.High level analysis of the wells production histories across the field will help to determine main factors affecting the well performance.
First Time in Thailand: Ocean Data Platform Through the Use of Offshore Facilities
Authors: Channarong Witthaya 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Ocean Data Platform project was initiated initiated since 2020 to support our aspiration to become the guardian of the Ocean. PTTEP (‘the Company’) aspires to take part in providing of marine science data around our offshore operation to the general public, as there is currently no offshore information available from Thailand. The data will be beneficial to ocean scientists, authorities, and could lead to the development of various ocean conservation programs and prediction model.
This Ocean Data Platform is designed to collect the up-to-date and real-time offshore ocean health and biodiversity data in Gulf of Thailand (GoT) by leveraging our offshore location strengths, knowledge, and innovative technologies. To establish the real-time offshore data in our operation, met-ocean monitoring station and underwater camera are installed to automatically perform oceanographic measurements to identify biodiversity, species, and aquatic life. This platform will connect our offshore data with other nearshore and midshore data from other entities. They also have alert function to detect abnormal activity so they can investigate and notify relevant parties to take action if necessary.
The Ocean Data Platform will be published to stakeholders and interested parties for further research through the websie (reference 4). This platform comprises of 3 main parts of oceanographic monitoring, Ocean for life initiatives and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) events such as offshore microplastic monitoring, underwater biodiversity around offshore platform, coral bleaching baseline, the His Thai Majesty's Ship (H.T.M.S) underwater learning site. This information allows us to mornitor the state of the ocean health in various aspects and analyze the causes of various phenomena such as, impact of greenhouse gases on the ocean, change in ocean water temperature, wave height in monsoon season, ocean acidity, and base of ocean water, etc. We could also use this information to design offshore facilities to optimize CAPEX costs in the future. In addition, this platform is also regarded as the starting point for consolidating all marine-related information into one platform to support Thailand ocean conservation program.
This is the first development in Thailand that integrates offshore data with others to complete ocean data in a holistic manner and allows researchers interested in the ocean to effectively use this type of data in their research.
Improvement of Safety with Ai Applied on a Rig Continuous Circulation System
Authors: Mamuscia Vincenzo Michele , Calderoni Angelo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The purpose of the paper is to illustrate the development of the innovative system of continuous circulation drilling. With an important contribution of a cameras system an Artificial Intelligence, the drilling operation are much more accurate and fully automated. The presence of personnel on the drillfloor is not required and controlling it takes place remotely from inside the driller cabin.
The automated system is composed of a: Clamp, Trolley, Mud Diverter Manifold, Vision System, HMI and PLC Control Skid. The trolley and clamp are remotely controlled from the driller cabin. With the aid of the vision system, the driller is able to align the clamp with the external valve on the sub and move forwards or backwards as needed. With an angle of +/- 10 ° to the right and left, the alignment can take place in the three directions of the space.The software is set up to minimize human and system error.
The CCS technology has evolved to be used on the last generation drilling rigs. The implementation of a fully automated system that makes use of artificial intelligence allows remote control and creates the possibility of carrying out operations safely without operators on the drilling floor. The technology allows operations to be carried out continuously and in compliance with safety standards. The cameras allow to operate in the most critical conditions, using a lighting system with a setting that has been tested and set in the worst operating conditions. The valve detection and alignment of the system to the sub allows to start the continuous circulation. The use of AI allows for drastic enhancement in drilling efficiency and safety standards reducing the number of humans needed inputs. The human-machine interaction represents a competitive advantage over traditional systems.
The automation of drilling improves the way to drill wells, producing benefits in terms of optimizing the critical analytical decision and, more generally, returns significant operative savings. Another key benefit of AI-infused drilling is safety: less people involved in operations, with an increased skill set. The paper's goal is to show the world a new frontier of drilling.
MEASURING PROFICIENCY IN STANDARD INDONESIAN FOR ENGGANO SPEAKERS
Authors: Simanjuntak Rindu Parulian 
Published: February 2023

The main purpose of study described in this paper was to measure the proficiency of Standard Indonesian spoken in Enggano Island, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. Enggano is spoken in six villages: Malakoni, Apoho, Meok, Kaâ€™ana, Kayapu and Banjar. Of these, two villages â€” Meok and Kaâ€™ana â€” were selected as research sites for collecting data. The instruments used were the Indonesian Sentence Repetition Test (ISRT) (Hanawalt 2008) and a set of bilingualisms questionnaire. The results show an average bilingual proficiency in Standard Indonesian of level 2 on the ILR scale (Interagency Language Roundtable 2007) for Enggano speakers, which indicates an ability to use Indonesian limited to particular situations and domains. The analysis also shows that bilingual proficiency in Enggano varies on average between males and females and is influenced by education and age, but not by the other factors investigated. This means that bilingual proficiency in Standard Indonesian for Enggano speakers is largely the result of continuing on to higher levels of education. Even though the average proficiency of Enggano speakers in Standard Indonesian is at level 2, the attitudes of most Enggano speakers towards both the Indonesian language andÂ the local vernacular language are strongly positive.
INFIXATION AND APOPHONY IN MALAY: DESCRIPTION AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES
Authors: McKinnon Timothy , Yanti NFN , Cole Peter , Hermon Gabriella 
Published: February 2023

Malay(ic) languages of Sumatra show a high level of internal diversity. Linguists are only beginning to understand the ways in which these languages differ from one another, and what this divergence tells us about the origins and development of Malay. This paper describes an important morphological phenomenon in Sumatran Malay: morphological word-shape alternations. Kerinci, a Malayic language spoken in the Bukit Barisan range in Jambi, exemplifies this phenomenon. Kerinci exhibits a morphological alternation which is realized in the final â€“V(C) of roots (e.g. ataÊ” â€˜roofâ€™ vs. atÉ™k â€˜the/its roofâ€™) (Prentice & Usman, 1978; Steinhauer & Usman, 1978) inter alia). Previous studies have concluded that word-shape alternations of this sort are attested only in a subregion of Kerinci (cf. Usman, 1988). In this paper, we show that word-shape alternations resembling those found in Kerinci can be found sporadically throughout a large region of Sumatra, in both Minangkabau and Traditional Malay varieties. We describe these phenomena, and develop a historical account of their development. We conclude that word-shape alternations developed independently inÂ several varieties as a result of shared prosodic properties.
JAVANESE AND PROBLEMS IN THE ANALYSIS OF ADVERSATIVE PASSIVE
Authors: Nurhayani Ika 
Published: February 2023

Adversative passive is one of the means that languages use to code that an event may have detrimental effect on someone. The adversative passive differs from the standard passive in that the speaker perceives an event as unpleasant or unfortunate. The adversity semantic effect is normally encoded with an adversative passive affix attached to the verb.Â Javanese has such coding with (1) prefix ke- and (2) the circumfix ke--an. However, Javanese adversative passive is not always associated with adversity.Â In fact, an event described by Javanese adversative passive may have neutral or pleasant consequences. This proves to be problematic for the current frameworks on adversative passives such as Kuboâ€™s (1992) and PylkkÃ¤nenâ€™s (2002) because their frameworks assume that an adversative passive carries an adversative semantic property encoded in the malefactive head or with a passive morphology. Moreover, the subject of the â€˜adversative passiveâ€™ in Javanese does not have to possess an object because the passive can have a reading in which the passive subject held an object belonging to someone else while experiencing a situation related to the object. This also poses a problem for PylkkÃ¤nenâ€™s (2002) because she bases her adversative passive analysis on the possessor raising theory which requires a possesive relation between the theme and the affected argument. I argue that Javanese â€˜adversative passiveâ€™Â is best described as a combination of the prefix ke- and suffix â€“an (the circumfix ke--an) with the prefixÂ ke- carrying the accidental semantics property and the suffix â€“an as an applicative suffix adding an affected argument to the construction.
KLITIKA DALAM KLAUSA PASIF BAHASA MANGGARAI
Authors: Mangga Stephanus 
Published: February 2023

This study is about clitics in passive clauses in Manggarai, a language in West Flores. The purpose of this study is to describe the type, location, and function of the clitics that occur in the passive clauses of the language. The data were collected by using introspection technique and, following Mahsun (2013), were analyzed by using position interchange technique of constituents in the passive clauses in order to determine the structure of information and to find the change of syntactic function of the clitics in the clause. The result of this study reveals two things:Â a) an enclitic of subject pronoun attached to phrase agents and verbs is a pronominal copy of the subject patient, and b) an enclitic of a genitive pronoun serves as a possession marker and nominalization marker.