bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns and drivers of beta diversity across geographic scales and lineages in the Macaronesian flora
Authors: Mouton Lea , Patiño Jairo , Carine Mark , Rumsey Fred , de Sequeira Miguel Menezes , González‐Mancebo Juana María , Gabriel Rosalina Maria de Almeida , Hardy Olivier J. , Sim‐Sim Manuela , Reyes‐Betancort J. Alfredo , Collart Flavien , Vanderpoorten Alain 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimHow spatial, historical and ecological processes drive diversity patterns remains one of the main foci of island biogeography. We determined how beta diversity varies across spatial scales and among organisms, disentangled the drivers of this variation, and examined how, consequently, biogeographic affinities within and among archipelagos vary among land plants.LocationMacaronesia.TaxonBryophytes, pteridophytes, spermatophytes.MethodsSpecies turnover and nestedness were compared within and among archipelagos across taxonomic groups. The relationship between species turnover and nestedness, climatic, geological and geographic factors was analysed using generalized dissimilarity models.ResultsSpecies turnover, but not nestedness, increased with the geographic scale. This increment decreased from spermatophytes, pteridophytes and bryophytes, wherein the median turnover was less than half that in spermatophytes. Bryophytes exhibited a significantly higher nestedness and lower turnover than spermatophytes. Extant climatic conditions and island age contributed the most to all models but the importance of island age for bryophyte and pteridophyte turnover was marginal. Spermatophyte floras clustered by archipelago, whereas the clustering patterns in pteridophyte and bryophyte floras reflected macroclimatic conditions.Main ConclusionsThe lower increment of species turnover with spatial scale and the higher nestedness in bryophytes and pteridophytes than in spermatophytes reflect the variation in dispersal capacities and distribution ranges among land plants. Accordingly, extant climatic conditions contributed more to explain turnover in bryophytes and pteridophytes than in spermatophytes, whereas factors associated with dispersal limitations, including island age, geographic distance and archipelago structure, exhibited the reverse trend. The differences in beta diversity patterns, caused by different responses of Macaronesian land plant lineages to the main factors shaping their community composition, explain their different biogeographic affinities. These differences reflect a distinct origin and different mechanisms of speciation among Macaronesian land plant lineages and archipelagos.
Immediate implant placement with flap or flapless surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pitman Jeremy , Christiaens Véronique , Callens Jeroen , Glibert Maarten , Seyssens Lorenz , Blanco Juan , Cosyn Jan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the impact of mucoperiosteal flap elevation for single immediate implant placement (IIP) on buccal hard and soft tissue changes, and on clinical, aesthetic and patient‐reported outcomes.Materials and MethodsTwo independent reviewers conducted an electronic literature search in Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane databases as well as a manual search to identify eligible clinical studies up to June 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing IIP without flap elevation to IIP with flap elevation were included for a qualitative and quantitative analysis. The primary outcome was horizontal buccal bone change. Secondary outcomes were implant survival, vertical buccal bone change, pain, and clinical and aesthetic parameters.ResultsOut of 1029 records, 5 RCTs were selected reporting on 140 patients who received 140 single immediate implants (flapless: 68; flap: 72). Patients had a mean age ranging from 30 to 67 years and were followed between 6 and 12 months. Four RCTs pertained to (nearly) intact alveoli. Risk of bias assessment yielded low risk for two RCTs and high risk for three RCTs. Meta‐analysis demonstrated a mean difference of 0.48 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.13, 0.84], p = .007) in horizontal buccal bone change between surgical approaches, favouring flapless surgery. Meta‐analysis failed to demonstrate a significant difference in implant survival between the groups (RR 1.00, 95% CI [0.93, 1.07], p = .920). Given the scarcity of data, meta‐analyses could not be performed on other secondary outcomes. Available studies were consistent in the direction of the effect favouring flapless surgery for vertical buccal bone change as well as for pain. Clinical and aesthetic parameters were underreported.ConclusionsBased on CBCT data, flapless surgery resulted in more buccal bone preservation at immediate implants. However, the clinical relevance of this finding is unclear, since clinical and aesthetic outcomes were underreported.
Comparison of different objective weighting methods in a multi‐criteria model for watershed prioritization for flood risk assessment using morphometric analysis
Authors: Mahmoodi Erfan , Azari Mahmood , Dastorani Mohamad Taghi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMorphometric analysis of watersheds coupled with multi‐criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques is a widely used approach in identifying and prioritizing subwatersheds for flood risk assessment. Finding the appropriate weight for each morphometric parameter is one of the most important steps in MCDM methods. The present research focuses on analyzing the effect of using objective weighting methods in watershed prioritization in Daroungar Watershed in Northeast of Iran. To this aim, the weights of morphometric parameters were determined using six objective weighting methods and were used for ranking subwatersheds based on flood generation by a multi‐criteria model. Study results show that the highest weight in various methods belonged to different parameters. Comparison of flood susceptibility ranking maps indicated, except standard deviation method, there is a significant correlation among WM, preference selection index, criteria importance through intercriteria correlation, entropy, and method based on the removal effects of criteria methods; however, the distribution of flood susceptibility classes is not the same in the six weighting methods. The flood hazard ranking map using aggregation methods depicts that subwatersheds 6, 74, 27, and 67 which have high priority for flood hazard, have the same rank in all aggregation methods. Overall, in the present study, the importance of choosing the appropriate weighting method in prioritizing watersheds was emphasized.
Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity and Determinacy of Equilibrium
Authors: MINEYAMA TOMOHIDE 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt is well known in the literature that there is a tension between the frequency and duration of the zero lower bound (ZLB) on the nominal interest rate and the determinacy of equilibrium. In this short paper, I show that the presence of downward nominal wage rigidity (DNWR) resolves the tension by preventing a vicious cycle of price declines and output contractions under the ZLB. Consequently, the model with DNWR can replicate the long‐lived ZLB episodes observed in the data. It also implies a plausible size of output and inflation declines at the ZLB.
Evidence‐based review: Screening body dysmorphic disorder in aesthetic clinical settings
Authors: Pereira Ines Novo , Chattopadhyay Rashmi , Fitzpatrick Sean , Nguyen Sheila , Hassan Haidar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundBody dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric disturbance with high incidence in aesthetic clinical settings. Early recognition may avoid unnecessary elective procedures with ethical and medicolegal consequences.AimsTo identify validated BDD screening tools and critically appraise current literature regarding its implementation and efficacy in aesthetic medicine and surgery scenarios, with the purpose of transposing the findings to the broad clinical settings in the field.MethodsData was collected using advanced search from PubMed (MEDLINE). Having satisfied the search parameters, 12 studies referring BDD definition according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM‐5) criteria and including a BDD screening tool in clinical aesthetic settings were selected.ResultsWhile BDD screening enables the recognition of at‐risk individuals, further work is required to uncover the best screening tool for general aesthetic clinical practice. Level III evidence favored BDD Questionnaire (BDDQ)/BDDQ‐Dermatology Version (DV), and The Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire (DCQ) among the limited available validated screening instruments to be used outside the psychiatric environment. Based on level II self‐classification, one study selected BDDQ‐Aesthetic Surgery (AS) version for rhinoplasty patients. The validation process of both BDDQ‐AS and Cosmetic Procedure Screening Questionnaire (COPS) had limitations. For BDD screening potential in avoiding postoperative complications, the limited studies found evaluating the outcomes following aesthetic treatments using validated BDD screening measures showed a trend toward less satisfaction with aesthetic treatment outcome among positive screening population against non‐BDD counterparts.ConclusionFurther research is necessary to establish more effective methods to identify BDD and evaluate the impact of positive findings on aesthetic intervention outcomes. Future studies may elucidate which BDD characteristics best predict a favorable outcome and provide high‐quality evidence for standardized protocols in research and clinical practice.
Duration‐Driven Returns
Authors: GORMSEN NIELS JOACHIM , LAZARUS EBEN 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTWe propose a duration‐based explanation for the premia on major equity factors, including value, profitability, investment, low‐risk, and payout factors. These factors invest in firms that earn most of their cash flows in the near future and could therefore be driven by a premium on near‐future cash flows. We test this hypothesis using a novel data set of single‐stock dividend futures, which are claims on dividends of individual firms. Consistent with our hypothesis, the expected Capital Asset Pricing Model alpha on individual cash flows decreases in maturity within a firm, and the alpha is not related to the above characteristics when controlling for maturity.
Working in value‐discrepant environments inhibits clinicians’ ability to provide compassion and reduces well‐being: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pavlova Alina , Paine Sarah‐Jane , Sinclair Shane , O'Callaghan Anne , Consedine Nathan S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe practice of compassion in healthcare leads to better patient and clinician outcomes. However, compassion in healthcare is increasingly lacking, and the rates of professional burnout are high. Most research to date has focused on individual‐level predictors of compassion and burnout. Little is known regarding how organizational factors might impact clinicians’ ability to express compassion and well‐being. The main study objective was to describe the association between personal and organizational value discrepancies and compassion ability, burnout, job satisfaction, absenteeism and consideration of early retirement among healthcare professionals.MethodsMore than 1000 practising healthcare professionals (doctors, nurses and allied health professionals) were recruited in Aotearoa/New Zealand. The study was conducted via an online cross‐sectional survey and was preregistered on AsPredicted (75407). The main outcome measures were compassionate ability and competence, burnout, job satisfaction and measures of absenteeism and consideration of early retirement.ResultsPerceived discrepancies between personal and organizational values predicted lower compassion ability (B = −0.006, 95% CI [−0.01, −0.00], p < 0.001 and f 2 = 0.05) but not competence (p = 0.24), lower job satisfaction (B = –0.20, 95% CI [–0.23, –0.17], p < 0.001 and f 2 = 0.14), higher burnout (B = 0.02, 95% CI [0.01, 0.03], p < 0.001 and f 2 = 0.06), absenteeism (B = 0.004, 95% CI [0.00, 0.01], p = 0.01 and f 2 = 0.01) and greater consideration of early retirement (B = 0.02, 95% CI [0.00, 0.03], p = 0.04 and f 2 = 0.004).ConclusionsWorking in value‐discrepant environments predicts a range of poorer outcomes among healthcare professionals, including hindering the ability to be compassionate. Scalable organizational and systems‐level interventions that address operational processes and practices that lead to the experience of value discrepancies are recommended to improve clinician performance and well‐being outcomes.
Automation and deep (machine) learning in temporomandibular joint disorder radiomics: A systematic review
Authors: Farook Taseef Hasan , Dudley James 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis review aimed to systematically analyse the influence of clinical variables, diagnostic parameters and the overall image acquisition process on automation and deep learning in TMJ disorders.MethodsArticles were screened in late 2022 according to a predefined eligibility criteria adhering to the PRISMA protocol. Eligible studies were extracted from databases hosted by MEDLINE, EBSCOHost, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science. Critical appraisals were performed on individual studies following Nature Medicine's MI‐CLAIM checklist while a combined appraisal of the image acquisition procedures was conducted using Cochrane's GRADE approach.ResultsTwenty articles were included for full review following eligibility screening. The average experience possessed by the clinical operators within the eligible studies was 13.7 years. Bone volume, trabecular number and separation, and bone surface‐to‐volume ratio were clinical radiographic parameters while disc shape, signal intensity, fluid collection, joint space narrowing and arthritic changes were successful parameters used in MRI‐based deep machine learning. Entropy was correlated to sclerosis in CBCT and was the most stable radiomic parameter in MRI while contrast was the least stable across thermography and MRI. Adjunct serum and salivary biomarkers, or clinical questionnaires only marginally improved diagnostic outcomes through deep learning. Substantial data was classified as unusable and subsequently discarded owing to a combination of suboptimal image acquisition and data augmentation procedures. Inadequate identification of the participant characteristics and multiple studies utilising the same dataset and data acquisition procedures accounted for serious risks of bias.ConclusionDeep‐learned models diagnosed osteoarthritis as accurately as clinicians from 2D and 3D radiographs but, in comparison, performed poorly when detecting disc disorders from MRI datasets. Complexities in clinical classification criteria; non‐standardised diagnostic parameters; errors in image acquisition; cognitive, contextual or implicit biases were influential variables that generally affected analyses of inflammatory joint changes and disc disorders.
Human papilomaviru‐related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and radiomics: A new era?
Authors: Caprini Elisabetta , D'Agnese Giampaolo , Brennan Peter A. , Rahimi Siavash 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe increase of the incidence of human papillomavirus dependent oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is alarming, although we have greatly progressed in the classification and staging of this disease. We now know that human papillomavirus related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is a sub‐type of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with favourable prognosis and good response to therapy that needs a proper system of classification and staging. Thus, in routine practice it is essential to test patients for the presence of human papillomavirus. The most popular technique to assess human papillomavirus status is immunohistochemistry on biopsy samples with p16, which is an excellent surrogate for high‐risk human papillomavirus infection. Another highly sensitive and specific tissue‐based technique for the detection of human papillomavirus is RNAscope In situ hybridization that has a prohibitive cost, limiting its use in routine practice. Radiomics is an artificial intelligence based non‐invasive method of computational analysis of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and ultrasound images.MethodsIn this review, we summarise the last findings of radiomics applied to human papillomavirus associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.ResultsA growing body of evidence suggest that radiomics is able to characterise and detect early relapse after treatment, and enable development of tailored therapy of human papillomavirus positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Health care for people with intellectual disability in Spain
Authors: Gómez L. E. , Morán M. L. , Solís P. , Pérez‐Curiel P. , Monsalve A. , Navas P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe describe the healthcare system for people with intellectual disability (ID) in Spain. First, we provide general population statistics before focusing on the most recent prevalence data related to people with disability in general, and with ID in particular. We also discuss how health care is organized. Most of the Spanish population is covered by the public healthcare system, which is structured into primary care (first‐level health services; easily accessible and capable of tackling the most common ailments) and specialized care (second‐level health services; comprising the most complex and costly diagnostic and therapeutic resources). We then explain Spain's primary legislation that promotes the rights of people with disabilities, highlighting the importance of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), which is enshrined in the Spanish General Law on the Rights of People with Disabilities and their Social Inclusion (Royal Legislative Decree 1/2013). Second, we describe the organization of Spanish disability support and health services, whose regulation is highly complex given that the autonomous regions set their own rules about coverage, services, and financing. Third, we present some recent studies that allow a better understanding of health care for people with ID in Spain, including a summary of the ongoing #Rights4MeToo project. We report specific data on the right to habilitation/rehabilitation. People with ID and professionals providing them with supports agreed that the most problematic aspects of health care for people with ID were the lack of: coordination across services, user‐friendly information to maintain or improve their health, psychological treatments, preventive medical check‐ups, and knowledge about disability among health professionals. There is a need to give people with ID priority access to services, reduce waiting times, increase the length of medical appointments, and create protocols and prevention campaigns targeting them.
Defining the impact of continuous positive airway pressure therapy on diastolic function in adults with moderate‐to‐severe obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Imayama Ikuyo , Gallagher Collin , Grand Jacob , Follman Benjamin , Kansal Mayank , Prasad Bharati 
Published: February 2023

SummaryAlthough studies have shown that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy to treat obstructive sleep apnea improves left ventricular diastolic function, modifiers of improvement are unknown. We explored race and pre‐treatment 24‐h non‐dipping blood pressure status as modifiers of improved diastolic function. Participants (N = 220) with obstructive sleep apnea (apnea–hypopnea index ≥15 events/h) and hypertension were recruited to a cohort study that examined effects of 3‐month CPAP therapy on 24‐h blood pressure. Those who completed echocardiogram at baseline and follow‐up were included in this analysis. Diastolic function parameters (E, A, e′, E/A, E/e′) were assessed. Race was categorised to African American versus others. Participants were categorised as nocturnal dippers (night‐time blood pressure decrease by ≥10%) versus non‐dippers. We compared changes in parameters of diastolic function by race and nocturnal dipping status. A total of 92 participants were included. They were men (86%), African American (67.4%), and current smoker (29.5%). Mean apnea–hypopnea index was 32.9 events/h. Mean CPAP usage was 3.15 h/day. After 3 months of CPAP treatment, there were significant improvements in measures of diastolic function: a median (interquartile range [IQR]) increase in E velocity by 4.00 (−5.75 to 13.75) cm/s, an increase in e′ by 2.00 (0–4.00) cm/s, and a decrease in the E/e′ ratio by 1.74 (−4.27 to 0.00) at follow‐up (p < 0.05). These changes did not differ by race or nocturnal dipping status. Improvements in diastolic function after CPAP therapy did not differ by race or nocturnal dipping status. Further studies are needed to understand predictors of CPAP effects on diastolic function.
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and latent tuberculosis co‐infection and risk of drug‐induced liver injury across two large HBV cohorts in the United States
Authors: Wong Robert J. , Rupp Loralee , Lu Mei , Yang Zeyuan , Daida Yihe G. , Schmidt Mark , Boscarino Joseph A. , Gordon Stuart C. , Chitnis Amit S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe epidemiology of latent tuberculosis and hepatitis B virus (HBV‐LTBI) co‐infection among U.S. populations is not well studied. We aim to evaluate LTBI testing patterns and LTBI prevalence among two large U.S. cohorts of adults with chronic HBV (CHB). Adults with CHB in the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS) and Veterans Affairs national cohort were included in the analyses. Prevalence of HBV‐LTBI co‐infection was defined as the number of HBV patients with LTBI divided by the number of HBV patients in a cohort. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated odds of HBV‐LTBI co‐infection among CHB patients who underwent TB testing. Among 6019 CHB patients in the CHeCS cohort (44% female, 47% Asian), 9.1% were tested for TB, among whom 7.7% had HBV‐LTBI co‐infection. Among HBV‐LTBI co‐infected patient, only 16.7% (n = 7) received LTBI treatment, among whom 28.6% (n = 2) developed DILI. Among 12,928 CHB patients in the VA cohort (94% male, 42% African American, 39% non‐Hispanic white), 14.7% were tested for TB, among whom 14.5% had HBV‐LTBI. Among HBV‐LTBI co‐infected patient, 18.6% (n = 51) received LTBI treatment, among whom 3.9% (n = 3) developed DILI. Presence of cirrhosis, race/ethnicity, and country of birth were observed to be associated with odds of HBV‐LTBI co‐infection among CHB patients who received TB testing. In summary, among two large distinct U.S. cohorts of adults with CHB, testing for LTBI was infrequent despite relatively high prevalence of HBV‐LTBI co‐infection. Moreover, low rates of LTBI treatment were observed among those with HBV‐LTBI co‐infection.