bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical evaluation of seismically retrofitted bridge concrete column under extreme loading
Authors: Havaei GholamReza 
Published: February 2023

AbstractColumns have the most important role for overall stability of bridges and these elements are the most vulnerable structural components under extreme loading too. Therefore, studying and improving the performance of these elements under such loads has attracted widespread attention among researchers. The main objective of this paper is investigating the performance of bridge reinforced concrete columns which seismically retrofitted by steel or CFRP jacketing under blast load via finite element method. The finite element models' assumptions in Abaqus FE software are verified using the correlated experimental data from literature and good agreements have been obtained. Parametric studies are conducted to cover a wide range of factors including transverse and longitudinal reinforcement ratios, blast load intensity, type and thickness of conventional seismic retrofitting jacket. The results reveal that the longitudinal reinforcement ratio presents more effects on decreasing extreme loading demands than the transverse reinforcing. Moreover, utilizing seismically retrofitting jacket, especially CFRP jacket, tend to be an effective way to reduce demands of reinforced concrete column under extreme loading, where its effectiveness increases, in case of more severe events. Also, the current seismic damage state and performance level, can predict the damage level of columns in good agreement with the design specifications.
Molecular phylogenetic and population genetic relationships of a putative species of sucker (Catostomus sp.) from Surprise Valley in the Great Basin, USA
Authors: Campbell Matthew A. , Badger Mary E. , Buckmaster Nick , Starostka Andrew B. , Hawks Travis , Finger Amanda J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective
The ichthyofaunal diversity of the Great Basin is incompletely characterized, with the Wall Canyon Sucker Catostomus sp. being one potential species. The Wall Canyon Sucker is limited in distribution to the Wall Canyon drainage of Surprise Valley, Washoe County, Nevada, USA. It was first documented and collected by C. L. Hubbs and R. R. Miller in 1934, and no species description has been published to date. Nonetheless, the Wall Canyon Sucker has been treated as a species and has appeared in various contexts within and outside of the scientific literature as such.

Methods
We conducted phylogenetic analyses and the first population genetics study of this putative species using genome-wide sampling obtained through restriction site-associated DNA sequencing to assess the Wall Canyon Sucker's relationships and population genetic characteristics.

Result
We found the Wall Canyon Sucker to be sister to the Warner Sucker C. warnerensis with high support and a median divergence time of 2.12 million years. Population genetic analyses supported that the Wall Canyon Sucker is a single genetic population with a high degree of isolation. Principal components and admixture analyses did not indicate recent admixture of the Wall Canyon Sucker with the Warner Sucker. Substantial differences in allele frequencies between the Wall Canyon and Warner suckers were apparent (genetic differentiation index FST = 0.15–0.21). Nucleotide diversity in the Wall Canyon Sucker was the lowest of all observations, and Tajima's D was greater than zero (D = 1.96), indicating population contraction and a lack of rare alleles, congruent with the desiccation of Lake Surprise and the persistence of the fish in a very restricted recent range. We undertook species delimitation with publicly available mitochondrial gene sequence data and found that a species-level designation of the Wall Canyon Sucker is appropriate in that framework as well.

Conclusion
The results of this study are consistent with recognition of the Wall Canyon Sucker as a species; however, it still requires a formal taxonomic description.
Applications of Zwitterions and Zwitterionic Polymers for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yoshizawa‐Fujita Masahiro , Ohno Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA zwitterion is a neutral compound that has both a cation and an anion in the same molecule. Quaternary ammonium cations are frequently used for zwitterions. Zwitterions with quaternary ammonium cations are also common in biological molecules, such as phospholipids, which are the main components of cell membranes. Chemically, they have broad applicability because they are dielectric, non‐volatile, and highly polar compounds with a large dipole moment. In addition, after salt addition, ion exchange does not occur in the presence of zwitterions. Owing to these characteristics, zwitterions have been applied as novel electrolyte materials targeting high ionic conductivity. In this review, application of zwitterions and their polymers for Li‐ion batteries is addressed.
Basic Research on Automatic Tying Equipment for Reinforced Steel Skeletons of Precast Shear Walls
Authors: Guo Zhenlei , Gao Zhijie , Duan Zhongjian , Zhang Jiayang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn order to study the parameters of the automatic tying equipment for steel skeletons of precast shear walls, 19 precast-shear-wall projects and 16,036 precast-shear walls have been explored, with the thickness of the steel skeletons being studied according to the specifications and sleeve diameters, and the difference between production with and without edge forms being analyzed. The study displays that the automatic tying equipment for steel skeletons should be able to produce wall panels with a height of 2.5–2.95 m and a width of 0.8–5.9 m; the equipment should be able to produce 6–25 types of reinforcement bars with a diameter of 6–25 mm; the minimum spacing between the steel skeletons produced by the equipment should be 5 mm; the equipment should be able to produce shear-wall skeletons with a thickness of 150–170 mm; in case that the equipment producing the steel skeletons with side forms is more problematic, they should be produced without such edge forms.
Experimental Study on the Self-Repair Properties of Shape Memory Alloy Concrete Beam
Authors: Zhang Yue , Cui Xian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe one-way memory composite super-elastic shape memory alloy wires were laid on the bottom of the reinforced concrete beam to make the intelligent concrete beam. The paper compares the self-repair properties of each test beam, and analyzes the influence of different memory filament ratio and different damage degree on the self-repair properties of SMA reinforced concrete beams. The test results suggest that the shape memory alloy can improve the self-repair ability of the concrete beam, the best when the damage degree is 70 and 50%.
Torus one-point correlation numbers in minimal Liouville gravity
Authors: Artemev A. , Belavin V. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present a method for the first principles calculation of tachyon one-point amplitudes in (2, 2p + 1) minimal Liouville gravity defined on a torus. The method is based on the higher equations of motion in the Liouville CFT. These equations were earlier successfully applied for analytic calculations of the amplitudes in the spherical topology. We show that this approach allows to reduce the moduli integrals entering the definition of the torus amplitudes to certain boundary contributions, which can be calculated explicitly. The results agree with the calculations performed in the matrix models approach.
Analytic two-loop master integrals for tW production at hadron colliders. Part II
Authors: Wang Jian , Wang Yefan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present analytic results of the two-loop master integrals for hadronic tW production that contain two massive propagators. For the planar integral family, we succeed in constructing the canonical basis, so the results are written in terms of multiple polylogarithms. The master integrals in the non-planar integral families have been calculated by Taylor series expansion around $$ {m}_W^2 $$

m
W
2

= 0. Even with this simplification, there are multiple square roots involved in the differential equations, which can not be rationalized simultaneously. We find that a proper linear combination of the integral basis alleviates the problem so that the results are expressed by multiple polylogarithms or single integrals over multiple polylogarithms up to weight four. These single integrals can be evaluated using the classic Newton-Cotes formulas. Our analytic results of master integrals would be used in the computation of the two-loop amplitudes for tW production.
Visualizing a Task Performer’s Gaze to Foster Observers’ Performance and Learning—a Systematic Literature Review on Eye Movement Modeling Examples
Authors: Emhardt Selina N. , Kok Ellen , van Gog Tamara , Brandt-Gruwel Saskia , van Marlen Tim , Jarodzka Halszka 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Eye movement modeling examples (EMMEs) are instructional videos (e.g., tutorials) that visualize another person’s gaze location while they demonstrate how to perform a task. This systematic literature review provides a detailed overview of studies on the effects of EMME to foster observers’ performance and learning and highlights their differences in EMME designs. Through a broad, systematic search on four relevant databases, we identified 72 EMME studies (78 experiments). First, we created an overview of the different study backgrounds. Studies most often taught tasks from the domains of sports/physical education, medicine, aviation, and STEM areas and had different rationales for displaying EMME. Next, we outlined how studies differed in terms of participant characteristics, task types, and the design of the EMME materials, which makes it hard to infer how these differences affect performance and learning. Third, we concluded that the vast majority of the experiments showed at least some positive effects of EMME during learning, on tests directly after learning, and tests after a delay. Finally, our results provide a first indication of which EMME characteristics may positively influence learning. Future research should start to more systematically examine the effects of specific EMME design choices for specific participant populations and task types.
A Culture of Consent: Legal Practitioners’ Experiences of Representing Women Who Have Been Misidentified as Predominant Aggressors on Family Violence Intervention Orders in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Reeves Ellen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere is currently unprecedented attention in Australia on the misidentification of women victim-survivors as family violence ‘predominant aggressors’—this focus has largely been oriented towards the role of the police. Less research has considered court responses to misidentification and specifically, the role that legal practitioners play in recognising and responding to clients who have been misidentified. This article addresses this key gap in the literature through an exploration of 18 legal practitioners’ experiences of representing misidentified clients in the civil protection order system in the Australian state of Victoria. The findings suggest that legal practitioners face a number of challenges when representing clients who have been misidentified and that the magistrates’ courts are ill-equipped to respond to misidentification. As a consequence, a culture of respondents consenting to orders that should never have been made against them is maintained. This article calls for a greater focus on the role that the courts can play in providing a ‘safety net’ for victim-survivors who have been misidentified.
Challenges and opportunities in the use of ponds and pondscapes as Nature-based Solutions
Authors: Cuenca-Cambronero M. , Blicharska M. , Perrin J.-A. , Davidson T. A. , Oertli B. , Lago M. , Beklioglu M. , Meerhoff M. , Arim M. , Teixeira J. , De Meester L. , Biggs J. , Robin J. , Martin B. , Greaves H. M. , Sayer C. D. , Lemmens P. , Boix D. , Mehner T. , Bartrons M. , Brucet S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPonds and “pondscapes” (networks of ponds) are crucial habitats for biodiversity and for delivering multiple benefits to humans, so-called “Nature’s Contribution to People”, such as climate mitigation and adaptation to climate change, creation, and maintenance of habitat for biodiversity, water purification, flood mitigation and cultural benefits (e.g., recreational possibilities). However, ponds are not often considered as Nature-based Solutions to provide all these benefits. In addition, there is insufficient knowledge on how to manage and restore ponds to maximise their role to increase the resilience of ecosystems and society to climate change. To facilitate improved implementation of ponds as Nature-based Solutions for the delivery of a wide range of Nature Contributions to People, it is important to generate and integrate biodiversity, ecosystems, societal, economic and policy knowledge. Hence, there is a need for evidence-based guidance to support the broader use of ponds. Here, we review the role of ponds and pondscapes in delivering Nature’s Contributions to People and provide an overview of the challenges and opportunities for their broader implementation as Nature-based Solutions. Finally, we propose a conceptual framework that can help the implementation of pond Nature-based Solutions, and that outlines future research needs.
An Extended (2 + 1)-dimensional Coupled Burgers System in Fluid Mechanics: Symmetry Reductions; Kudryashov Method; Conservation Laws
Authors: Adem A. R. , Muatjetjeja B. , Moretlo T. S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Burgers-type equations are noticed in plasma astrophysics, ocean dynamics, atmospheric science, computational fluid mechanics, cosmology, condensed matter physics, statistical physics, nonlinear acoustics, vehicular traffic, electronic transport, etc. This prompts us to examine an extended (2 + 1)-dimensional coupled Burgers system in fluid mechanics. We determine novel exact solutions by the Lie symmetry method in conjunction with Kurdyshov method. Finally, conservation laws of the abovementioned system are generated. The findings can well mimic complex waves and their dealing dynamics in fluids.
Non-linear Manifold Reduced-Order Models with Convolutional Autoencoders and Reduced Over-Collocation Method
Authors: Romor Francesco , Stabile Giovanni , Rozza Gianluigi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNon-affine parametric dependencies, nonlinearities and advection-dominated regimes of the model of interest can result in a slow Kolmogorov n-width decay, which precludes the realization of efficient reduced-order models based on linear subspace approximations. Among the possible solutions, there are purely data-driven methods that leverage autoencoders and their variants to learn a latent representation of the dynamical system, and then evolve it in time with another architecture. Despite their success in many applications where standard linear techniques fail, more has to be done to increase the interpretability of the results, especially outside the training range and not in regimes characterized by an abundance of data. Not to mention that none of the knowledge on the physics of the model is exploited during the predictive phase. In order to overcome these weaknesses, we implement the non-linear manifold method introduced by Lee and Carlberg (J Comput Phys 404:108973, 2020) with hyper-reduction achieved through reduced over-collocation and teacher–student training of a reduced decoder. We test the methodology on a 2d non-linear conservation law and a 2d shallow water models, and compare the results obtained with a purely data-driven method for which the dynamics is evolved in time with a long-short term memory network.
On the global dynamics of path-following control of automated passenger vehicles
Authors: Vörös Illés , Orosz Gábor , Takács Dénes 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe nonlinear dynamics of the path-following control of passenger cars is analyzed in this paper. The effect of specific modeling aspects, such as tire deformation, steering dynamics, feedback delay and controller saturation, is considered. Possible equilibrium points and singularities in the state space are uncovered and analyzed for different vehicle model and controller designs. The equilibrium of stable path following is then analyzed in greater detail: The domains of stabilizing control gains are presented in stability charts and the basin of attraction of the equilibrium along the stable domain is approximated with the help of numerical continuation. Unsafe zones of control gains are highlighted, where the stable equilibrium is surrounded by low-amplitude unstable limit cycles. Finally, it is shown how specific modifications of the control law can remove unwanted equilibrium points and increase the basin of attraction of stable path following, resulting in safer and more reliable control of the vehicle.
Arguing in Direct Democracy: An Argument Scheme for Proposing Reasons in Debates Surrounding Public Votes
Authors: Müller Michael A. , Campell Joannes B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe develop a novel argument scheme tailored to debates surrounding public votes on a state action. It can be used to propose reasons for voting “yes” or “no” and allows for natural reconstructions of such debates. These reconstructions are of particular use to voters trying to weigh the pros and cons of the proposed state action. The scheme for proposing reasons helps answering two questions: What changes will the proposed state action bring with it? And are these changes good or not? Using the scheme, we derive a three-layered structure of public debates surrounding votes that aides in constructing systematic and comprehensive overviews. The scheme for proposing reasons also lends itself to concise summaries for voter information and can be incorporated into more general deliberation dialogues.
Occurrence rates and risk factors of in-hospital venous thromboembolism, major bleeding, and death in patients receiving fondaparinux after orthopedic surgery or trauma surgery
Authors: Ding Ya , Han Bowen , Yuan Bin , Nie Mingjun , Liu Renyang , Zhao Ming , Wang Hongliang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aim
Fondaparinux is a synthetic anticoagulant that inhibits thrombosis by suppressing factor Xa. The efficacy of fondaparinux for orthopedic surgeries has been revealed by several foreign studies; however, relevant evidence in Chinese patients is lacking. This study intended to investigate the occurrence rate and risk factors of in-hospital venous thromboembolism (VTE), major bleeding, and death in patients receiving fondaparinux after orthopedic surgery or trauma surgery.

Methods
Totally, 1258 patients who received fondaparinux after orthopedic surgery or trauma surgery were retrospectively enrolled. Meanwhile, in-hospital VTE, major bleeding, and death were obtained for assessment. Besides, adverse events were recorded.

Results
The occurrence rates of in-hospital VTE, major bleeding, and death were 2.5%, 21.8%, and 0.0%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only age (> 60 years vs. ≤ 60 years) (odd ratios (OR) = 3.380, P = 0.013) was independently correlated with increased risk of in-hospital VTE. Additionally, osteoarthritis diagnosis (OR = 3.826, P < 0.001), femoral head necrosis diagnosis (OR = 1.809, P = 0.034), hip replacement (vs. internal fracture fixation) (OR = 2.199, P = 0.007), knee replacement (vs. internal fracture fixation) (OR = 2.781, P = 0.002), and serum creatinine (abnormal vs. normal) (OR = 1.677, P = 0.012) were independently linked to a higher risk of in-hospital major bleeding. Moreover, the common adverse events included pain (56.6%), wound bleeding (23.0%), increased drainage (5.2%), etc.

Conclusion
Fondaparinux realizes low occurrence rates of in-hospital VTE and major bleeding with tolerable adverse events in patients receiving orthopedic surgery or trauma surgery.
Retiolitid graptolites from the collection of Hermann Jaeger III. Paraplectograptus, Gothograptus and their relatives
Authors: Maletz Jörg 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe graptolite collection of Hermann Jaeger at the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Germany includes a number of Paraplectograptus and Gothograptus specimens. The material provides another glimpse into the dramatic changes affecting retiolitine graptoloids across the Lundgreni Extinction Event of the mid Homerian (Wenlock, Silurian) which led to the demise of most earlier groups of retiolitines. The material indicates that the diversity of the pre-extinction retiolitines might have been larger than is already known through the recognition of previously unknown constructional details in earlier Gothograptus and Paraplectograptus species. Especially, Gothograptus shows a much higher diversity in the pre-extinction interval than previously recognized. In the Pristiograptus parvus/Gothograptus nassa Biozone interval Gothograptus re-emerged with new species and Semigothograptus is shown to have survived unchanged, indicating that these two genera represent survivors of the extinction event. A number of new genera originated and diversified in the Pristiograptus dubius/Gothograptus nassa to Colonograptus praedeubeli/deubeli Biozone interval, but their evolutionary relationships with earlier taxa are still only partly understood. Paraplectograptus hermanni sp. nov., Gothograptus berolinensis sp. nov. and Gothograptus osgaleae sp. nov. are described as new. Several species are described in open nomenclature due to the lack of sufficiently well preserved material.
Een richtlijn voor inflammatoire blaasaandoeningen?
Authors: Janssen Dick A. W. , de Kort Laetitia M. O. 
Published: February 2023

SamenvattingDe urineblaas kan worden aangetast door verschillende, vaak zeldzame inflammatoire blaasaandoeningen. De meeste van deze aandoeningen zullen een verregaand negatief effect hebben op de individuele gezondheid en kwaliteit van leven. Het behandelen van deze aandoeningen is complex en vereist frequent multidisciplinaire zorg. Momenteel is er geen richtlijn voor het merendeel van deze aandoeningen om clinici te helpen bij deze complexe patiëntengroep. Deze review geeft een overzicht van de uitdagingen waar clinici in praktijk mee worden geconfronteerd wanneer ze te maken krijgen met een patiënt met een inflammatoire blaasaandoening.
Obesity Stigma: Causes, Consequences, and Potential Solutions
Authors: Westbury Susannah , Oyebode Oyinlola , van Rens Thijs , Barber Thomas M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review aims to examine (i) the aetiology of obesity; (ii) how and why a perception of personal responsibility for obesity so dominantly frames this condition and how this mindset leads to stigma; (iii) the consequences of obesity stigma for people living with obesity, and for the public support for interventions to prevent and manage this condition; and (iv) potential strategies to diminish our focus on personal responsibility for the development of obesity, to enable a reduction of obesity stigma, and to move towards effective interventions to prevent and manage obesity within the population.

Recent Findings

We summarise literature which shows that obesity stems from a complex interplay of genetic and environment factors most of which are outside an individual’s control. Despite this, evidence of obesity stigmatisation remains abundant throughout areas of media, entertainment, social media and the internet, advertising, news outlets, and the political and public health landscape. This has damaging consequences including psychological, physical, and socioeconomic harm.

Summary

Obesity stigma does not prevent obesity. A combined, concerted, and sustained effort from multiple stakeholders and key decision-makers within society is required to dispel myths around personal responsibility for body weight, and to foster more empathy for people living in larger bodies. This also sets the scene for more effective policies and interventions, targeting the social and environmental drivers of health, to ultimately improve population health.