bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reed bamboos drive skull shape evolution in bush frogs of the Western Ghats, Peninsular India
Authors: Das Kalpana , Rödel Mark‐Oliver , Stanley Edward , Srikanthan Achyuthan N. , Shanker Kartik , Vijayakumar Seenapuram Palaniswamy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReed bamboo is a major ecological and economic resource for many animals, including humans. Nonetheless, the influence of this plant's evolutionary role on the morphology of animal species remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the significance of bamboo habitats as ecological opportunities in shaping the skull morphology of bush frogs (Raorchestes) from the Western Ghats, Peninsular India. We applied a three‐dimensional (3D) geometric morphometric approach to capture the skull shape of 55 species of bush frogs. We visualized the skull shape variables in phylomorphospace with principal component analysis and performed phylogenetic generalized least‐squares analysis to assess the impact of cranial size (evolutionary allometry) and habitat (bamboo or non‐bamboo) on cranial shape. We quantified the morphological disparity between bamboo and non‐bamboo bush frogs' skull shape, and employed RRphylo, a phylogenetic ridge regression method, to access the evolutionary rate and rate shifts of skull shape change. The phylomorphospace delineated bamboo and non‐bamboo bush frogs. While cranial shape exhibited a significant but smaller association with size, its association with habitat type was non‐significant. We detected, however, significant differences in skull shape between the two frog groups, with bamboo frogs showing higher morphological disparity and a remarkable shift in the evolutionary rate of skull shape diversification. These findings underscore the role of reed bamboo in the evolution of skull shape in the radiation of frogs, endemic to the Western Ghats. We demonstrate that the association between the members of two distinct endemic clades (bamboo reeds and bamboo frogs) is the outcome of a deep‐time ecological opportunity that dates back to the Miocene.
Discordant spatiotemporal dynamics of functional and phylogenetic diversity of rotiferan communities exposed to aquaculture effluent
Authors: Tóth Flórián , Zsuga Katalin , Kerepeczki Éva , Kovács Balázs , Magura Tibor , Körmöczi László , Lövei Gábor L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe growth of the human population brought about the global intensification of aquacultural production, and aquaculture became the fastest growing animal husbandry sector. Effluent from aquaculture is an anthropogenic environmental burden, containing organic matter, nutrients and suspended solids that affect water quality especially in the water bodies of high biodiversity and conservation value. Water quality assessment often relies on bioindicators, analysing changes in taxonomic diversity of various freshwater organismal groups. Stepping beyond taxon diversity, we used functional and phylogenetic diversities of rotifers to identify factors affecting their community organization in response to an aquaculture effluent gradient in the largest oxbow lake in the Carpathian Basin, Hungary. Sampling was carried out three times per season at five points along a 3.5 km section of the oxbow lake, including the point of effluent inflow. We used eight traits to evaluate functional diversity: body size, trophi type, feeding mode, protection type, body wall type, corona type, habitat preference and tolerance level. Functional and phylogenetic distances among the 24 species identified indicated trait conservatism. Rotiferan diversity increased with increasing distance from the point of influx in spring and summer. Among the factors affecting community organization in spring and summer, we find examples of environmental filtering, while in autumn the role of biotic interaction is more frequent. Under nutrient‐rich conditions in spring and summer, organisms belonging to the same functional group were dominant, whereas under oligotrophic conditions, more diverse but less abundant groups were present. Considering functional and phylogenetic traits allowed us to identify organising forces of rotifer communities in the largest oxbow lake of the Hungarian Lowland.
Morphological and molecular characterization of Isospora elliotae n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the Australian magpie Gymnorhina tibicen (Latham, 1801) (Passeriformes: Artamidae) in Western Australia
Authors: Yang Rongchang , Egan Siobhon , Gao Huimin , Brice Belinda , Berto Bruno P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA new coccidian species, Isospora elliotae n. sp., from the Australian magpie Gymnorhina tibicen (Latham, 1801) in Western Australia, is described and characterized morphologically and molecularly. Microscopic analysis of a faecal sample identified subspheroidal oocysts (n = 20), 20–22 × 18–20 (20.7 × 18.7); length/width (L/W) ratio 1.05–1.14 (1.10). Wall bi‐layered, 1.0–1.3 (1.2) thick, outer layer smooth, c. 2/3 of total thickness. Micropyle and oocyst residuum absent, but usually two polar granules are present. Sporocysts (n = 28) ovoidal, 12–13 × 9–11 (12.6 × 9.7); L/W ratio 1.22–1.35 (1.30). Stieda body present, flattened to half‐moon‐shaped, c. 0.5 deep × 2.0 wide; sub‐Stieda indistinct or barely discernible, c. 1.0 deep × 2.5 wide; para‐Stieda body absent; sporocyst residuum present, composed of granules dispersed among the sporozoites. Sporozoites vermiform, with anterior and posterior refractile bodies and nucleus. Segments of three gene loci (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and COI) were sequenced and I. elliotae n. sp. exhibited 99.8% genetic similarity to Isospora sp. MAH‐2013a (KF648870) followed by 99.7% genetic similarity to Isospora neochmiae (Yang, Brice & Ryan, 2016) (KT224380) at the 18S rRNA gene locus. It shared 97.0% genetic similarity with an unnamed Isospora sp. (AY283852) at the 28S rRNA gene locus and it also shared the highest genetic similarity of 99.8% with the unnamed Isospora sp. from an American crow (OL999120) at the COI gene locus. Based on morphological and molecular data, this isolate is a new species named as I. elliotae n. sp.
Opposite trends in environmental DNA distributions of two freshwater species under climate change
Authors: Wu Qianqian , Zhou Jinxin , Komoto Tatsuya , Ishikawa Toshiyuki , Goto Naoshige , Sakata Masayuki K. , Kitazawa Daisuke , Minamoto Toshifumi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChanges in the thermal structure of lake ecosystems have been documented as a response to climate change, but the dynamics of biomass distribution, which fundamentally determines species conservation, has been less studied. An interdisciplinary approach was used to demonstrate the influence of climate‐driven changes on the environmental DNA (eDNA) distribution of two species (Gymnogobius isaza and Palaemon paucidens) in Lake Biwa, the largest monomictic lake in Japan. In field surveys in 2016–2017 (full water circulation) and 2019 (partial water circulation), eDNA concentrations of these species were measured for 43 and 47 samples, respectively, collected from the lake bottom. The correlative relationship was investigated between species' eDNA concentrations and environmental variables. The species–environment relationship was then applied to species' eDNA distributions under existing and future environments calculated by a lake ecosystem model. Based on differences in the estimated eDNA distributions, we suggest that different species respond differently to climate change. The distribution of G. isaza will expand in the future if full water circulation occurs, although it appears to be independent of water circulation at present. Partial water circulation enlarges the distribution area of P. paucidens, but its eDNA concentrations will be low in the future, regardless of the extent of water circulation. These results indicate that species such as P. paucidens, which is now abundant but vulnerable to climate change, require special attention. Furthermore, our study emphasizes the potential application of interdisciplinary methodologies for improved species conservation.
Female treefrog preference for breeding sites matches offspring performance in the presence of two anuran competitors
Authors: Dimitrie David A. , Benard Michael F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPreference‐performance theory predicts that females should select breeding sites that maximize offspring performance. Amphibians have been a model system for investigating habitat selection, yet most studies have focused on habitat selection in response to predators and conspecifics. We investigated female oviposition site selection and larval performance in eastern gray treefrogs (Hyla versicolor) among pools with and without one of two ecologically distinct heterospecific larvae, the green frog (Rana clamitans) and the American bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Pools without heterospecifics were used on more nights and had more eggs deposited compared to pools with heterospecifics. In a competition experiment, treefrog larval performance matched this female preference: tadpoles developed faster and grew larger in the absence of either heterospecific. Although we hypothesized that bullfrogs would more strongly affect female treefrog preference and offspring performance because of previous work demonstrating that bullfrogs had stronger negative effects on other tadpoles, both heterospecifics elicited similar responses. The effects of heterospecifics on anuran breeding site selection are understudied and not well understood, and our results demonstrate that female selection of breeding sites is an adaptive behavior for offspring in the presence of heterospecific competitors.
Fruit and seed traits and vertebrate–fruit interactions of tree species occurring in Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana
Authors: Vaessen Rens W. , van Wijngaarden Klaske , Boeschoten Laura , Knippers Ronja , Durazzo Livia , Verkuil Loes , van Kuijk Marijke 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSeed dispersal is widely considered an important mechanism for the conservation of plant diversity. In tropical regions, over 80% of woody plant species are dispersed by vertebrates, often through the consumption of fruits. Our understanding of what drives interactions between vertebrates and fruits is limited. Through a systematic literature search, we compiled a database of fruit and seed traits and vertebrate–fruit interactions for tree and vertebrate species occurring in the Guianas, with the aim of facilitating research into seed dispersal and seed predation of tree species in the Guianas. The database was compiled by extracting data from 264 published sources. It consists of 21,082 records, of which 19,039 records contain information about 19 different fruit and seed traits belonging to 1622 different tree species. The other 2043 records contain information on vertebrate–fruit interactions between 161 vertebrate species and 464 tree species. Our analyses showed a taxonomic bias, particularly in the interaction data, toward large‐bodied vertebrates, with most interactions recorded for the bearded saki (Chiropotes chiropotes), followed by the lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris). For plants we found an overrepresentation of the Sapotaceae and Moraceae families and an underrepresentation of the Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, and Lauraceae families in the interactions. There are no copyright restrictions on the data set; please cite this publication when using these data.
Fungal pathogens increase community temporal stability through species asynchrony regardless of nutrient fertilization
Authors: Zhao Yimin , Liu Xiang , Wang Jianbin , Nie Yu , Huang Mengjiao , Zhang Li , Xiao Yao , Zhang Zhenhua , Zhou Shurong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNatural enemies and their interaction with host nutrient availability influence plant population dynamics, community structure, and ecosystem functions. However, the way in which these factors influence patterns of community stability, as well as the direct and indirect processes underlying that stability, remains unclear. Here, we investigated the separate and interactive roles of fungal/oomycete pathogens and nutrient fertilization on the temporal stability of community biomass and the potential mechanisms using a factorial experiment in an alpine meadow. We found that fungal pathogen exclusion reduced community temporal stability mainly through decreasing species asynchrony, while fertilization tended to reduce community temporal stability by decreasing species stability. However, there was no interaction between pathogen exclusion and nutrient fertilization. These effects were largely due to the direct effects of the treatments on plant biomass and not due to indirect effects mediated through plant diversity. Our findings highlight the need for a multitrophic perspective in field studies examining ecosystem stability.
In‐hospital changes in the red blood cell distribution width and mortality in critically ill patients with heart failure
Authors: Zhang Qi , Zhou Bingyang , Li Ximing , Cong Hongliang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsA high red blood cell distribution width (RDW) at admission or discharge is associated with a worse prognosis in hospitalized patients with heart failure (HF), and the prognostic value of the in‐hospital change in RDW (∆RDW) remains debatable.Methods and resultsWe included 5514 patients with critical illness and HF from the MIMIC‐IV database. The ΔRDW was calculated by the RDW at discharge minus that at admission. Clinical outcomes included all‐cause mortality at 90 day, 180 day, and 1 year after discharge. The median age of the patients was 73.91 years, and 46.37% were women. Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox regression analyses were used to examine the association between the ΔRDW and all‐cause mortality at different time points. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard model showed that the ΔRDW (per 1% increase) was independently associated with all‐cause mortality at 90 day, 180 day, and 1 year after adjusting for confounding factors (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13–1.21, P < 0.001; HR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.14–1.20, P < 0.001; and HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.15–1.20, P < 0.001, respectively). Restricted cubic splines showed a non‐linear relationship between the ΔRDW and the risk of clinical outcomes. High ΔRDW was associated with a high risk of mortality at different time points. A subgroup analysis showed that this positive association remained consistent in pre‐specified subgroups.ConclusionsOur study suggests that an increased RDW during hospitalization is independently associated with short‐ or long‐term all‐cause mortality in critical‐ill patients with HF.
Impella and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Bogerd Margriet , ten Berg Sanne , Peters Elma J. , Vlaar Alexander P.J. , Engström Annemarie E. , Otterspoor Luuk C. , Jung Christian , Westermann Dirk , Pöss Janine , Thiele Holger , Schrage Benedikt , Henriques José P.S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to give contemporary insight into the use of Impella and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) in acute myocardial infarction‐related cardiogenic shock (AMICS) and into associated outcomes, adverse events, and resource demands.Methods and resultsThis nationwide observational cohort study describes all AMICS patients treated with Impella (ABIOMED, Danvers, MA, USA) and/or VA‐ECMO in 2020–2021. Impella and/or VA‐ECMO were used in 20% of all AMICS cases (n = 4088). Impella patients were older (34% vs. 13% >75 years, p < 0.001) and less frequently presented after an out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (18% vs. 40%, p < 0.001). In‐hospital mortality was lower in the Impella versus VA‐ECMO cohort (61% vs. 67%, p = 0.001). Adverse events occurred less frequently in Impella‐supported patients: acute haemorrhagic anaemia (36% vs. 68%, p < 0.001), cerebrovascular accidents (4% vs. 11%, p < 0.001), thromboembolisms of the extremities (5% vs. 8%, p < 0.001), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (21% vs. 25%, p = 0.004), acute kidney injury (44% vs. 53%, p < 0.001), and acute liver failure (7% vs. 12%, p < 0.001). Impella patients were discharged home directly more often (20% vs. 11%, p < 0.001) whereas VA‐ECMO patients were more often discharged to another care facility (22% vs. 19%, p = 0.031). Impella patients had shorter hospital stays and lower hospital costs.ConclusionThis is the largest, most recent European cohort study describing outcomes, adverse events, and resource demands based on claims data in patients with Impella and/or VA‐ECMO. Overall, adverse event rates and resource consumption were high. Given the current lack of beneficial evidence, our study reinforces the need for prospectively established, high‐quality evidence to guide clinical decision‐making.
Photo-Enhanced Oil Toxicity to Alcid Immune Function
Authors: Counihan Katrina L. , McKenna Amy M. , Hebert Deja , Tomco Patrick , Zito Phoebe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Oil spills are devastating to seabirds, causing high levels of mortality and toxic physiological effects, especially to immune function. Sunlight exposure can further enhance the toxicity of oil to marine species by generating photodegradation products. Photo-enhanced oil toxicity to marine birds has not been studied. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to investigate the toxicity and photo-enhanced toxicity of oil to lymphocyte proliferation, macrophage phagocytosis, and reactive oxygen species production in three alcid species, common murres (Uria aalge), tufted puffins (Fratercula cirrhata), and horned puffins (Fratercula corniculata). Intrinsic factors (species, age, and sex) had a more significant effect on lymphocyte proliferation than exposure to oil or photoactivated oil. Macrophage phagocytosis was significantly reduced in oil and photoactivated oil treatments, whereas hydrogen peroxide production was significantly increased. Interestingly, nonphotoactivated oil stimulated significantly more hydrogen peroxide than photoactivated oil. The results suggest that alcid immune function could be variably influenced during an oil spill depending on the species, sex, and age of the bird as well as the season and level of sunlight exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2701–2711. © 2023 SETAC
The effects of superheated steam roasting on proximate analysis, antioxidant activity, and oil quality of black seed (Nigella sativa)
Authors: Harivaindaran K. V. , Hữu Tiến Nguyễn , Nguyễn Song Đinh Toàn , Samsudin Hayati , Ariffin Fazilah , Mohammadi Nafchi Abdorreza 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNigella sativa, commonly known as the black seed, is a culinary spice therapeutic against many ailments. Common preparation practice of roasting or heating the seeds often deteriorates bioactive compounds, which can be remedied with superheated steam (SHS). With roasting temperatures of 150, 200, and 250°C and roasting times of 10, 15, and 20 min, convection and SHS roasting media were tested, and their effects on proximate analysis, antioxidant assays, and oil quality were evaluated. For proximate content, moisture significantly decreased from 9.08% in unroasted seeds to 4.18%–1.04% in roasted seeds, while fat increased to as high as 44.76% from 32.87% in unroasted seeds. Roasting only slightly increased ash content and had no significant impact on protein and carbohydrate content. SHS roasted black seeds had better DPPH (2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging capacity (RSC) than convection roasted seeds. DPPH RSC decreased with elevated roasting time and temperature, conversely related to total phenolic content, which increased with increased roasting time and temperature. Oil of roasted seeds developed an increasingly intense brown color from an initial light, yellow, unroasted oil with better extraction efficiency in SHS roasting. For oil quality analysis, free fatty acid values were significantly lower in both roasted samples. Peroxide value was initially recorded at 84 in convection and 48 (meq O2/kg of oil) in SHS roasted samples. In contrast, p‐anisidine values were initially recorded at 28.36 in convection roasted samples compared to 23.73 in SHS roasted samples. Based on all quality analyses, SHS showed better potential in black seed quality preservation.
Oxygen diffusion and surface exchange coefficients measurements under high pressure: Comparative behavior of oxygen deficient versus over‐stoichiometric air electrode materials
Authors: Laurencin Jérôme , Gamon Jacinthe , Flura Aurélien , Sdanghi Giuseppe , Fourcade Sébastien , Vibhu Vaibhav , Bassat Jean‐Marc 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMixed ionic electronic conductors (MIECs) oxides are used as electrode materials for solid oxide cell (SOC) application, as they combine high electronic conductivity as well as high oxygen diffusivity and oxygen surface exchange coefficients. The ionic transport properties can be directly determined thanks to the isotopic exchange depth profiling (IEDP) method. To date, the reported measurements have been performed at ambient pressure and below. However, for a higher efficiency of hydrogen production at the system level, it is envisaged to operate the cell between 10 and 60 bar. To characterize the MIEC oxides properties in such conditions, an innovative setup able to operate up to a total pressure of 50 bar and 900°C has been developed. The main goal of this study was to compare the behavior of two types of reference materials: the oxygen deficient La‐Sr‐Fe‐Co perovskites, and the overstoichiometric lanthanide nickelates Ln2NiO4+δ (Ln = La, Pr, Nd). Diffusion and surface exchange coefficients obtained under 6.3 bar of oxygen are measured and their evolution discussed in light of the change in oxygen stoichiometries. This analysis allows better understanding of the dependency of the surface exchange coefficient with the oxygen partial pressure.
Pinaceae Pine Resins (Black Pine, Shore Pine, Rosin, and Baltic Amber) as Natural Dielectrics for Low Operating Voltage, Hysteresis‐Free, Organic Field Effect Transistors
Authors: Coppola Maria Elisabetta , Petritz Andreas , Irimia Cristian Vlad , Yumusak Cigdem , Mayr Felix , Bednorz Mateusz , Matkovic Aleksandar , Aslam Muhammad Awais , Saller Klara , Schwarzinger Clemens , Ionita Maria Daniela , Schiek Manuela , Smeds Annika I. , Salinas Yolanda , Brüggemann Oliver , D'Orsi Rosarita , Mattonai Marco , Ribechini Erika , Operamolla Alessandra , Teichert Christian , Xu Chunlin , Stadlober Barbara , Sariciftci Niyazi Serdar , Irimia‐Vladu Mihai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFour pinaceae pine resins analyzed in this study: black pine, shore pine, Baltic amber, and rosin demonstrate excellent dielectric properties, outstanding film forming, and ease of processability from ethyl alcohol solutions. Their trap‐free nature allows fabrication of virtually hysteresis‐free organic field effect transistors operating in a low voltage window with excellent stability under bias stress. Such green constituents represent an excellent choice of materials for applications targeting biocompatibility and biodegradability of electronics and sensors, within the overall effort of sustainable electronics development and environmental friendliness.