bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial climate reform in independent schools: How coping self‐efficacy buffers systemic and proximal racial stress for students of color
Authors: Collins Jackson A. , Stevenson Howard C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe journey for students of color (SOC) in predominantly White independent schools (PWIS) is paved with significant educational opportunities and challenging racial conflicts. Little is known about how SOC manage the stress of negotiating these struggles and successes in daily relationships with peers and teachers or within the school climates where the policies and practices often reveal a bracketed commitment to diversity. For decades, programs like Prep for Prep have provided academic and social supports to prepare low‐income SOC for matriculation in PWIS. Using Racial Encounter Coping Appraisal and Socialization Theory, we investigated the racial stress and coping experiences of 593 SOC from the Prep for Prep leadership training program. After measuring development on the racial coping self‐efficacy scale, three factors identified that SOC range in their confidence inreadingor noticing racial microaggressions in their schools,recastingstressful racial conflicts from “impossible” to “manageable,” andresolvingracial tensions by confronting microaggressions. Results found that a moderated mediation model explains that the relationship of SOC school climate perceptions to school belonging and affect toward school are mediated through racial coping stress. SOC with high racial coping self‐efficacy (RCSE) show less negative influence from that stress on their academic and social experiences compared to those low in RCSE. Implications for supporting SOC by buffering racial stress within PWIS are discussed.
Role of efficacy as a determinant of locomotor activation by mu‐opioid receptor (MOR) ligands in female and male mice. II. Effects of novel MOR‐selective phenylmorphans with high‐to‐low MOR efficacy
Authors: Santos Edna J. , Nassehi Nima , Bow Eric W. , Chambers Dana R. , Gutman Eugene S. , Jacobson Arthur E. , Lutz Joshua A. , Marsh Samuel A. , Rice Kenner C. , Sulima Agnieszka , Selley Dana E. , Negus S. Stevens 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLow‐efficacy mu‐opioid receptor (MOR) agonists represent promising therapeutics, but existing compounds (e.g., buprenorphine, nalbuphine) span a limited range of low MOR efficacies and have poor MOR selectivity. Accordingly, new and selective low‐efficacy MOR agonists are of interest. A novel set of chiral C9‐substituted phenylmorphans has been reported to display improved MOR selectivity and a range of high‐to‐low MOR efficacies under other conditions; however, a full opioid receptor binding profile for these drugs has not been described. Additionally, studies in mice will be useful for preclinical characterization of these novel compounds, but the pharmacology of these drugs in mice has also not been examined. Accordingly, the present study characterized the binding selectivity and in vitro efficacy of these compounds using assays of opioid receptor binding and ligand‐stimulated [35S]GTPɣS binding. Additionally, locomotor effects were evaluated as a first step for in vivo behavioral assessment in mice. The high‐efficacy MOR agonist and clinically effective antidepressant tianeptine was included as a comparator. In binding studies, all phenylmorphans showed improved MOR selectivity relative to existing lower‐efficacy MOR agonists. In the ligand‐stimulated [35S]GTPɣS binding assay, seven phenylmorphans had graded levels of sub‐buprenorphine MOR efficacy. In locomotor studies, the compounds again showed graded efficacy with a rapid onset and ≥1 h duration of effects, evidence for MOR mediation, and minor sex differences. Tianeptine functioned as a high‐efficacy MOR agonist. Overall, these in vitro and in vivo studies support the characterization of these compounds as MOR‐selective ligands with graded MOR efficacy and utility for further behavioral studies in mice.
Update on new trends and progress of natural active ingredients in the intervention of Alzheimer's disease, based on understanding of traditional Chinese and Western relevant theories: A review
Authors: Li Weiye , Rang Yifeng , Liu Huan , Liu Chunhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major neurological disorders causing death in the elderly worldwide. As a neurodegenerative disease that is difficult to prevent and cure, the pathogenesis of AD is complex and there is no effective cure. A variety of natural products derived from plants have been reported to have promising anti‐AD activities, including flavonoids, terpenes, phenolic acids and alkaloids, which can effectively relieve the symptoms of AD in a variety of ways. This paper mainly reviews the pharmacological activity and mechanisms of natural products against AD. Although the clinical efficacy of these plants still needs to be determined by further high‐quality studies, it may also provide a basis for future researchers to study anti‐AD in depth.
Selective separation of Am(III)/Eu(III) by effectively adjusting the aliphatic ring in bis‐1,2,4‐triazine ligands: A theoretical study
Authors: Li Zengyuan , Ning Shunyan , Chen Qi , Zhong Yilai , Dong Haoran , Wu Kun , Su Zhe , Wang Wentao , Zhang Ye , Fujita Toyohisa , Wei Yuezhou 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, bis‐1,2,4‐triazine ligands have been widely used in actinide separation processes for their good separation ability and stability in high acidity. However, the hard stripping of BTP, kinetics sluggish of BTBP, and inexhaustive separation of BTPhen are still issues to be improved. Here, we evaluated the effects of bis‐1,2,4‐triazine ligands containing 6‐membered aliphatic rings L1‐3 and bis‐1,2,4‐triazine ligands containing 5‐membered aliphatic rings L4‐6 on selective separation of Am(III)/Eu(III) to understand the structure‐effect relationship of ligands (skeleton of pyridine L1,4, bipyridine L2,5, and phenanthroline L3,6). Six bis‐1,2,4‐triazine ligand structures are optimized based on density function theory(DFT). Herein, complexations of L2, L3 L5 L6 with Am/Eu ions were investigated. The results show that all BTPs ligands preferentially bind to Am(III). The electronic structures of the [M(L)2(NO3)]2+ (M = Am, Eu) complex and the bonding properties between metal and ligand were investigated. The results suggest that phenanthroline containing six‐membered aliphatic rings L3 shows the best affinity for Am(III) and phenanthroline containing five‐membered aliphatic rings L6 show faster dynamics. The calculated thermodynamic and separation factors indicate that L6 has the best selective separation of Am(III)/Eu(III). In conclusion, the skeleton of phenanthroline has the best extraction effect on Am(III), while the kinetics and separation effect can be improved by adjusting aliphatic rings.
Boosting Plant Photosynthesis with Carbon Dots: A Critical Review of Performance and Prospects
Authors: Guirguis Albert , Yang Wenrong , Conlan Xavier A. , Kong Lingxue , Cahill David M. , Wang Yichao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractArtificially augmented photosynthesis in nano‐bionic plants requires tunable nano‐antenna structures with physiochemical and optoelectronic properties, as well as unique light conversion capabilities. The use of nanomaterials to promote light capture across photosystems, primarily by carbon dots, has shown promising results in enhancing photosynthesis through tunable uptake, translocation, and biocompatibility. Carbon dots possess the ability to perform both down and up‐light conversions, making them effective light promoters for harnessing solar energy beyond visible light wavelengths.This review presents and discusses the recent progress in fabrication, chemistry, and morphology, as well as other properties such as photoluminescence and energy conversion efficiency of nano‐antennas based on carbon dots. The performance of artificially boosted photosynthesis is discussed and then correlated with the conversion properties of carbon dots and how they are applied to plant models. The challenges related to the nanomaterial delivery and the performance evaluation practices in modified photosystems, consideration of the reliability of this approach, and the potential avenues for performance improvements through other types of nano‐antennas based on alternative nanomaterials are also critically evaluated. It is anticipated that this review will stimulate more high‐quality research in plant nano‐bionics and provide avenues to enhance photosynthesis for future agricultural applications.
Dispersed Nickel Phthalocyanine Molecules on Carbon Nanotubes as Cathode Catalysts for Li‐CO2 Batteries
Authors: Zheng Hongzhi , Li Huan , Zhang Zisheng , Wang Xiaojun , Jiang Zhan , Tang Yirong , Zhang Jibo , Emley Benjamin , Zhang Ye , Zhou Hua , Yao Yan , Liang Yongye 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Li‐CO2 battery has great potential for both CO2 utilization and energy storage, but its practical application is limited by low energy efficiency and short cycle life. Efficient cathode catalysts are needed to address this issue. Herein, this work reports on molecularly dispersed electrocatalysts (MDEs) of nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) anchored on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the cathode catalyst for Li‐CO2 batteries. The dispersed NiPc molecules efficiently catalyze CO2 reduction, while the conductive and porous CNTs networks facilitate CO2 evolution reaction, leading to enhanced discharging and charging performance compared to the NiPc and CNTs mixture. Octa‐cyano substitution on NiPc (NiPc‐CN) further enhances the interaction between the molecule and CNTs, resulting in better cycling stability. The Li‐CO2 battery with the NiPc‐CN MDE cathode shows a high discharge voltage of 2.72 V and a small discharging–charging potential gap of 1.4 V, and can work stably for over 120 cycles. The reversibility of the cathode is confirmed by experimental characterizations. This work lays a foundation for the development of molecular catalysts for Li‐CO2 battery cathodes.
Nanochannel Electro‐Injection as a Versatile Platform for Efficient RNA/DNA Programming on Dendritic Cells
Authors: Liu Jing , Jiang Juan , Deng Caiguanxi , Huang Xinshuo , Huang Shuang , Liu Zhengjie , Yang Jiang , Mo Jingshan , Chen Hui‐jiuan , Wang Ji , Xie Xi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe utilization of dendritic cell (DC) vaccines is a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy, and the modification of DCs for the expression of tumor‐associated antigens is critical for successful cancer immunotherapy. A safe and efficient method for delivering DNA/RNA into DCs without inducing maturation is beneficial to achieve successful DC transformation for cell vaccine applications, yet remains challenging. This work presents a nanochannel electro‐injection (NEI) system for the safe and efficient delivery of a variety of nucleic acid molecules into DCs. The device is based on track‐etched nanochannel membrane as key components, where the nano‐sized channels localize the electric field on the cell membrane, enabling lower voltage (<30 V) for cell electroporation. The pulse conditions of NEI are examined so that the transfection efficiency (>70%) and biosafety (viability >85%) on delivering fluorescent dyes, plasmid DNA, messenger RNA, and circular RNA (circRNA) into DC2.4 are optimized. Primary mouse bone marrow DC can also be transfected with circRNA with 68.3% efficiency, but without remarkably affecting cellular viability or inducing DC maturation. These results suggest that NEI can be a safe and efficient transfection platform for in vitro transformation of DCs and possesses a promising potential for developing DC vaccines against cancer.
Amorphous Vanadium Oxide Nanosheets with Alterable Polyhedron Configuration for Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Bei , Niu Shuwen , Wang Chao , Wu Geng , Zhang Yida , Han Xiao , Liu Peigen , Lin Yue , Yan Wensheng , Wang Gongming , Hong Xun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTransition metal oxides with high theoretical capacities are promising anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, the sluggish reaction kinetics remain a bottleneck for fast‐charging applications due to its slow Li+ migration rate. Herein, a strategy is reported of significantly reducing the Li+ diffusion barrier of amorphous vanadium oxide by constructing a specific ratio of the VO local polyhedron configuration in amorphous nanosheets. The optimized amorphous vanadium oxide nanosheets with a ratio ≈1:4 for octahedron sites (Oh) to pyramidal sites (C4v) revealed by Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) demonstrate the highest rate capability (356.7 mA h g−1 at 10.0 A g−1) and long‐term cycling life (455.6 mA h g−1 at 2.0 A g−1 over 1200 cycles). Density functional theory (DFT)calculations further verify that the local structure (Oh:C4v = 1:4) intrinsically changes the degree of orbital hybridization between V and O atoms and contributes to a higher intensity of electron occupied states near the Fermi level, thus resulting in a low Li+ diffusion barrier for favorable Li+ transport kinetics. Moreover, the amorphous vanadium oxide nanosheets possess a reversible VO vibration mode and volume expansion rate close to 0.3%, as determined through in situ Raman and in situ transmission electron microscopy.
Continuous Covalent Organic Frameworks Membranes: From Preparation Strategies to Applications
Authors: Sun Xiaojun , Di Mengting , Liu Jie , Gao Li , Yan Xiaoming , He Gaohong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are porous crystalline polymeric materials formed by the covalent bonding of organic units. The abundant organic units library gives the COFs species diversity, easily tuned pore channels, and pore sizes. In addition, the periodic arrangement of organic units endows COFs regular and highly connected pore channels, which has led to the rapid development of COFs in membrane separations. Continuous defect‐free and high crystallinity of COF membranes is the key to their application in separations, which is the most important issue to be addressed in the research. This review article describes the linkage types of covalent bonds, synthesis methods, and pore size regulation strategies of COFs materials. Further, the preparation strategies of continuous COFs membranes are highlighted, including layer‐by‐layer (LBL) stacking, in situ growth, interfacial polymerization (IP), and solvent casting. The applications in separation fields of continuous COFs membranes are also discussed, including gas separation, water treatment, organic solvent nanofiltration, ion conduction, and energy battery membranes. Finally, the research results are summarized and the future prospect for the development of COFs membranes are outlined. More attention may be paid to the large‐scale preparation of COFs membranes and the development of conductive COFs membranes in future research.
Mg Compensating Design in the Melting‐Sintering Method For High‐Performance Mg3(Bi, Sb)2 Thermoelectric Devices
Authors: Liu Yali , Geng Yang , Dou Yubo , Wu Xuelian , Hu Lipeng , Liu Fusheng , Ao Weiqin , Zhang Chaohua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractN‐type Mg3(Bi, Sb)2‐based thermoelectric (TE) alloys show great promise for solid‐state power generation and refrigeration, owing to their excellent figure‐of‐merit (ZT) and using cheap Mg. However, their rigorous preparation conditions and poor thermal stability limit their large‐scale applications. Here, this work develops an Mg compensating strategy to realize n‐type Mg3(Bi, Sb)2 by a facile melting‐sintering approach. “2D roadmaps” of TE parameters versus sintering temperature and time are plotted to understand the Mg‐vacancy‐formation and Mg‐diffusion mechanisms. Under this guidance, high weight mobility of 347 cm2 V−1 s−1 and power factor of 34 µW cm−1 K−2 can be obtained for Mg3.05Bi1.99Te0.01, and a peak ZT≈1.55 at 723 K and average ZT≈1.25 within 323–723 K can be obtained for Mg3.05(Sb0.75Bi0.25)1.99Te0.01. Moreover, this Mg compensating strategy can also improve the interfacial connecting and thermal stability of corresponding Mg3(Bi, Sb)2/Fe TE legs. As a consequence, this work fabricates an 8‐pair Mg3Sb2‐GeTe‐based power‐generation device reaching an energy conversion efficiency of ≈5.0% at a temperature difference of 439 K, and a one‐pair Mg3Sb2‐Bi2Te3‐based cooling device reaching −10.7 °C at the cold side. This work paves a facile way to obtain Mg3Sb2‐based TE devices at low cost and also provides a guide to optimize the off‐stoichiometric defects in other TE materials.
Recent Advances in Sources of Bio‐Inspiration and Materials for Robotics and Actuators
Authors: Yang Yue , Ai Chao , Chen Wenting , Zhen Jinpeng , Kong Xiangdong , Jiang Yunhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBionic robotics and actuators have made dramatic advancements in structural design, material preparation, and application owing to the richness of nature and innovative material design. Appropriate and ingenious sources of bio‐inspiration can stimulate a large number of different bionic systems. After millennia of survival and evolutionary exploration, the mere existence of life confirms that nature is constantly moving in an evolutionary direction of optimization and improvement. To this end, bio‐inspired robots and actuators can be constructed for the completion of a variety of artificial design instructions and requirements. In this article, the advances in bio‐inspired materials for robotics and actuators with the sources of bio‐inspiration are reviewed. The specific sources of inspiration in bionic systems and corresponding bio‐inspired applications are summarized first. Then the basic functions of materials in bio‐inspired robots and actuators is discussed. Moreover, a principle of matching biomaterials is creatively suggested. Furthermore, the implementation of biological information extraction is discussed, and the preparation methods of bionic materials are reclassified. Finally, the challenges and potential opportunities involved in finding sources of bio‐inspiration and materials for robotics and actuators in the future is discussed.
Structural Modification Strategies, Interfacial Charge‐Carrier Dynamics, and Solar Energy Conversion Applications of Organic–Inorganic Halide Perovskite Photocatalysts
Authors: Feng Jianpei , Mak Chun Hong , Yu Li , Han Bin , Shen Hsin‐Hui , Santoso Shella Permatasari , Yuan Mingjian , Li Fang‐Fang , Song Haisheng , Colmenares Juan Carlos , Hsu Hsien‐Yi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOver the past few decades, organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) as novel photocatalyst materials have attracted intensive attention for an impressive variety of photocatalytic applications due to their excellent photophysical (chemical) properties. Regarding practical application and future commercialization, the air–water stability and photocatalytic performance of OIHPs need to be further improved. Accordingly, studying modification strategies and interfacial interaction mechanisms is crucial. In this review, the current progress in the development and photocatalytic fundamentals of OIHPs is summarized. Furthermore, the structural modification strategies of OIHPs, including dimensionality control, heterojunction design, encapsulation techniques, and so on for the enhancement of charge‐carrier transfer and the enlargement of long‐term stability, are elucidated. Subsequently, the interfacial mechanisms and charge‐carrier dynamics of OIHPs during the photocatalytic process are systematically specified and classified via diverse photophysical and electrochemical characterization methods, such as time‐resolved photoluminescence measurements, ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, transient photocurrent densities, and so forth. Eventually, various photocatalytic applications of OIHPs, including hydrogen evolution, CO2 reduction, pollutant degradation, and photocatalytic conversion of organic matter.
Approaches for 3D Integration Using Plasma‐Enhanced Atomic‐Layer‐Deposited Atomically‐Ordered InGaZnO Transistors with Ultra‐High Mobility
Authors: Kim Yoon‐Seo , Oh Hye‐Jin , Kim Junghwan , Lim Jun Hyung , Park Jin‐Seong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs the scale‐down and power‐saving of silicon‐based channel materials approach the limit, oxide semiconductors are being actively researched for applications in 3D back‐end‐of‐line integration. For these applications, it is necessary to develop stable oxide semiconductors with electrical properties similar to those of Si. Herein, a single‐crystal‐like indium–gallium–zinc–oxide (IGZO) layer (referred to as a pseudo‐single‐crystal) is synthesized using plasma‐enhanced atomic layer deposition and fabricated stable IGZO transistors with an ultra‐high mobility of over 100 cm2 Vs−1. To acquire high‐quality atomic layer deposition‐processed IGZO layers, the plasma power of the reactant is controlled as an effective processing parameter by evaluating and understanding the effect of the chemical reaction of the precursors on the behavior of the residual hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen in the as‐deposited films. Based on these insights, this study found that there is a critical relationship between the optimal plasma reaction energy, superior electrical performance, and device stability.
Entry modes for Chinese enterprises in Latin America
Authors: Valderrey Francisco , Trigos Federico , Kaltenecker Evodio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been an important project for President Xi Jinping on foreign soil. The initiative gained momentum through colossal investments in Eurasia and Africa, mainly through infrastructure projects, backed by generous funding from Chinese financial institutions. A few years later, Latin America emerged as a new target for geographically extending the BRI. The region provides sufficient motivation to entice Chinese investors; it is well endowed with natural resources, offers a market of approximately 670 million people, and has many unmet needs. In addition, recent geopolitical reasons such as the ongoing trade war between the United States and China may give Chinese enterprises indirect access to the world's largest consumer market. We present a brief overview of the relationship between China and Latin America, focusing on the mode of entry of Asian companies into these territories. We analyze the primary entry mode of Chinese enterprises and whether they do so through Greenfield Investment (GI) or Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A). For this purpose, we use data from the China Global Investment Tracker. Thus, we intend to provide a complete picture of how public and private Chinese organizations are gaining a foothold in Latin America, and present its managerial implications.