bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards transforming teaching and learning in higher education: interrogating poverty through a decolonial perspective
Authors: Chiramba Otilia , Motala Shireen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to address three questions relating to the imperatives of knowledge transformation, the impact of poverty broadly and material poverty in particular, and questions of pedagogy or approaches to delivering knowledge in higher education institutions. Transformation of teaching and learning in higher education is at a crossroads in South Africa. A major driver of this is the recently emerged student-led protests on decolonisation. At these crossroads are a number of factors with the potential to facilitate or inhibit the decolonisation process. First is a conceptual paralysis regarding understanding of the idea in the country’s higher education. Second are competing ideological imperatives which confound universities’ strategic choices. Third is the fact that the academy has a high proportion of staff who themselves are products of the system they hope to transform. The paper utilises conceptual and theoretical arguments to explore the state of teaching and learning in South Africa and to learn how the protests have enhanced or/and diminished educational gains among students who are poverty stricken and facing deprivation. The paper argues for a theory of decoloniality to shape thinking and practices which enable higher education institutions to transform teaching and learning and specially to drive the type of transformation which enhances poor students’ epistemological access. The paper recommends investment in further research to explore the impact of material poverty in higher education and how the transformation of knowledge and pedagogy could be better understood for the majority of students who live with poverty in higher education.
Harnessing self-management to tackle grand challenges: the points-based participation architecture of São Paulo’s housing movement
Authors: Gil Nuno A. , Sousa Maria C. , Massa Felipe G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe propose that hierarchical organizations can engender and sustain the collaboration of large numbers of autonomous actors by establishing self-managed, mission-aligned collectives. Informing our claim are preliminary findings from an ongoing study of the housing movement in São Paulo, Brazil. Unexpectedly, we find that hierarchical Social Movement Organizations (SMOs) have, for more than three decades, incentivized broad-based voluntary engagement in protest actions aimed at formulating new housing policy by educating and encouraging low-income families to join collectives tasked with developing and self-managing new housing projects. We trace the sustainability of this participation architecture to an SMO-designed, points-based system, which functions as an integrating mechanism affording: (1)goal alignmentbetween large numbers of autonomous actors and the leadership of a hierarchical organization; (2)voluntary engagementby autonomous actors in activities that simultaneously address local and higher order goals; (3)role and task allocationwithout legal control or close oversight; and (4)retentionwithin the participation architecture by equipping autonomous actors with structure and measurable progress towards local goals and fairly distributing benefits of collective work. We discuss implications to our understanding of how to achieve concerted action at scale towards a grand challenge.
Differential Fiscal Performances of Plausible Disaster Events: A Storyline Approach for the Caribbean and Central American Governments under CCRIF
Authors: Hochrainer-Stigler Stefan , Zhu Qinhan , Ciullo Alessio , Peisker Jonas , Van den Hurk Bart 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Fiscal resilience against disasters is vital for the recovery in the aftermath of climate hazards. Without swift access to available funds for disaster relief, damages to human and the economy would be further exacerbated. How insurance may influence fiscal performance over time and can increase fiscal resilience for today and under a future climate has not been looked at yet in detail. Focusing on the Caribbean region and on the fiscal performance of governments after disaster events, we empirically analyze the effectiveness of the Caribbean Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility (CCRIF) regarding the reduction of short-term fiscal effects. We embed this analysis within a novel climate impact storyline approach where we produce past plausible events and investigate the usefulness of insurance under such events. The storylines were modified according to global and climate change related boundary conditions to address the issue whether the CCRIF is fit for purpose or will need to be adapted in the future. We found that both hurricane strikes and the CCRIF affect fiscal outcomes of Caribbean countries. Furthermore, there are indications that CCRIF can counteract the negative fiscal consequences over the short term period induced by the disaster. Our analysis should shed some light on the current discussions on how development related assistance can be structured to enhance climate resilience in highly exposed countries for both direct and fiscal impacts of disasters.
Predicting STEM Major Choice: a Machine Learning Classification and Regression Tree Approach
Authors: Chang Chi-Ning , Lin Shuqiong , Kwok Oi-Man , Saw Guan Kung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite the increasing demand for professionals in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), only a small portion of young people in the USA pursue a postsecondary degree in STEM. To identify the major predictors of STEM participation, this study uses a machine learning approach, a Classification and Regression Tree (CART), to analyze a wide range of individual, family, and school factors obtained from national survey data of US high school freshmen in fall 2009 who eventually enrolled in STEM college majors by 2016. The analytic results indicate that calculus credits, science identity, total STEM credits, and math achievement are the most predictive factors during the high school years of college STEM major selection. The CART-based tree also shows how these four variables interactively predict the likelihood of students enrolling in STEM college majors.
Plant Phosphorus Efficiency from Raw and Composted Agro- and Bio-Waste Anaerobic Digestates
Authors: Grigatti Marco , Petroli Alessandra , Ciavatta Claudio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe rising generation of organic waste (OW) can be a concern, representing at the same time a valuable opportunity for the phosphorous (P) recycling; however, yet little is known about plant-available P release from this source. In this work, two anaerobic digestates, from agro- (AWD) and bio-waste (BWD), and their respective composts (AWC and BWC), were selected to assess their P-release via sequential chemical extraction (SCE) and P species via solution 31P-NMR in NaOH+EDTA extracts. These products were also tested for the relative-P efficiency (RPEsoil) in a soil incubation (30 mg P kg−1), in comparison with a chemical-P source and a reference compost. The organic products were also compared for the ryegrass relative-P efficiency (RPEtissue) at the same P-rate (30 mg P kg−1), in a 112-day pot experiment in an Olsen-P poor soil (<3 mg kg−1), under a non-limiting N environment. The NaOH+EDTA extractions showed that inorganic P prevailed in all samples as proven by solution 31P-NMR. SCE showed very different labile-P (H2O+NaHCO3) and AW doubling BW products (84 vs. 48%); this was also confirmed by the soil incubation test in which AWD and AWC attained the best RPEsoil. Pot tests generally confirmed laboratory outcomes showing that AWD and AWC attained the best RPEtissue, from 3 to 4-folds of the BWD and BWC performance. The results showed that the feedstock mainly affects plant P availability from recycled OW and that their SCE are very informative in the description of plant-available P from this type of products to be used in rational fertilization plan.
Super-elastic Scintillating Fibers and Fabrics for Efficient and Visual Radiation Detection
Authors: Du Minghui , Wang Jin , Xu Sijia , Li Hongwei , Zhang Zhihao , Qi Yankun , Lv Shichao , Qiu Jianrong , Yan Yurong , Zhou Shifeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe fabrication of advanced radiation detectors is an important subject due to the wide use of radiation sources in scientific instruments, medical services, security check, non-destructive inspection, and nuclear industries. However, the manufacture of flexible and stretchable radiation detectors remains a challenge. Here, we report the scalable fabrication of super-elastic scintillating fibers and fabrics for visual radiation detection by thermal drawing and melt-spinning methods using styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene, and scintillating Gd2O2S: Tb (GOS). Microstructure evolution, rheological properties, and radiation–composite interaction are studied to reveal the excellent processability, elasticity, and radiation detection ability of the fabricated fibers. Benefiting from the physical crosslinking structural features of the polymer matrix and the excellent radiation absorption capacities of GOS, the resulting fiber can sustain high strains of 765% with a high content of GOS dopants (2 wt.%) and has excellent X-ray detection performance with the limit down to 53 nGyair s−1. Furthermore, stretchable fabrics are constructed, and their applications in various fields, such as radiation warning, and X-ray imaging, are demonstrated. Our work not only provides a new type of super-elastic scintillating fibers and fabrics for smart textiles but also demonstrates their potential applications in the nuclear field.
Graphical Abstract
Exploring Scalability from a Triple Bottom Line Perspective: Challenges and Strategic Resources for Fashion Resale
Authors: Hultberg Emelie , Pal Rudrajeet 
Published: May 2023

AbstractResale-based circular business models (CBMs) hold immense potential to contribute towards sustainability in fashion retail. To significantly impact triple bottom line (TBL) sustainability, these fashion CBMs need to be scalable. This paper investigates the challenges for scaling resale-based fashion from a TBL perspective, as well as the strategic resources required to solve these. Based on 15 semi-structured interviews, six key scalability challenges and six main strategic resources are identified. Findings show that even though challenges are mostly referred to in economic terms, environmental and social challenges are also present. The difference is that those challenges are less visible, partly due to the lack of clear and standardised tools and definitions to interpret scale. Lessons from the study can be insightful for practitioners in reflecting on the scalability potential of their CBMs from a TBL perspective and understanding what resources to make use of or develop.
Candida diagnostic techniques: a review
Authors: Arafa Sara H. , Elbanna Khaled , Osman Gamal E. H. , Abulreesh Hussein H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFungal infections (mycoses) represent a major health issue in humans. They have emerged as a global concern for medical professionals by causing high morbidity and mortality. Fungal infections approximately impact one billion individuals per annum and account for 1.6 million deaths. The diagnosis of Candida infections is a challenging task. Laboratory-based Candida species identification techniques (molecular, commercial, and conventional) have been reviewed and summarized. This review aims to discuss the mycoses history, taxonomy, pathogenicity, and virulence characteristics.
Incidence of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Hospitalizations in the Medium-Endemic Region in Central India
Authors: Tandale Babasaheb V. , Deshmukh Pravin S. , Tomar Shilpa J. , Narang Rahul , Qazi Mohiuddin S. , Goteti Venkata Padmaja , Jain Manish , Jain Dipty , Guduru Vijay Kumar , Jain Jyoti , Gosavi Rajesh V. , Valupadas Chandra Sekhar , Deshmukh Pradeep R. , Raut Abhishek V. , Narlawar Uday W. , Jha Punam Kumari , Bondre Vijay P. , Sapkal Gajanan N. , Damle Rekha G. , Khude Poornima M. , Niswade Abhimanyu K. , Talapalliwar Manoj , Rathod Pragati , Balla Padmini Soujanya , Muttineni Pavan Kumar , Kalepally Janakiram Kishore Kumar , Rajderkar Shekhar S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
We estimated the incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) following routine immunization with the live-attenuated SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine.

Methods
We implemented enhanced surveillance of AES and JE hospitalizations in endemic districts in Maharashtra and Telangana States during 2015–2016 and 2018–2020. We estimated incidence and compared differences in the incidence of JE and AES between two states, and vaccinated and unvaccinated districts during two study periods. We also considered secondary data from public health services to understand long-term trends from 2007 to 2020.

Results
The annual AES incidence rate of 2.25 cases per 100,000 children in Maharashtra during 2018–2020 was significantly lower than 3.36 cases per 100,000 children during 2015–2016. The six JE-vaccinated districts in Maharashtra had significantly lower incidence rates during 2018–2020 (2.03, 95% CI 1.73–2.37) than in 2015–16 (3.26, 2.86–3.70). In addition, the incidence of both JE and AES in two unvaccinated districts was higher than in the vaccinated districts in Maharashtra. Telangana had a lower incidence of both JE and AES than Maharashtra. The AES incidence rate of 0.95 (0.77–1.17) during 2018–2020 in Telangana was significantly lower than 1.67 (1.41–1.97) during 2015–2016.

Conclusions
The annual incidence rate of Japanese encephalitis was < 1 case per 100,000 children. It indicated accelerated control of Japanese encephalitis after routine immunization. However, the annual incidence of acute encephalitis syndrome was still > 1 case per 100,000 children. It highlights the need for improving surveillance and evaluating the impacts of vaccination.
Digital Identity Infrastructures: a Critical Approach of Self-Sovereign Identity
Authors: Giannopoulou Alexandra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe shift from electronic identification to digital identity is indicative of a broader evolution towards datafication of identity at large. As digital identity emerges from the fringes of technical challenges towards the legal and socio-technical, pre-existing ideologies on the reform of digital identity re-emerge with a newfound enthusiasm. Self-sovereign identity is one representative example of this trend. This paper sets out to uncover the principles, technological design ideas, and underlying guiding ideologies that are attached to self-sovereign identity infrastructures, carrying the promise of user-centricity, self-sovereignty, and individual empowerment. Considering the flourishing of digital identity markets, and the subsequent institutional interest on a European level in the techno-social promises that this identity architecture carries, this paper explores how the implementation of EU-wide self-sovereign identity shifts the already existing historical power balances in the construction of identity infrastructures. In this contribution, we argue that the European-wide adoption of self-sovereign ideals in identity construction does not address the shortcomings that identity and identification have historically faced and that instead of citizen empowerment, it puts individuals (a category broader than citizens) in a rather vulnerabilized position.
Philhellenism and after: Greece in E.F. Benson's life and work
Authors: Farinou-Malamatari Georgia 
Published: May 2023

To Professor Roderick Beaton, an ever-caring supervisor and mentorEdward Frederic (‘Fred’) Benson (1867-1940),* the well-known English author, spent the greater part of the 1890s in Greece in various capacities. The aim of the present paper is to examine his relations with Greece: his activities during his stay, his literary output on Greece and its reception both in England and Greece, and the representation of Greece in the first three volumes of his autobiographical reminiscences Our Family Affairs 1867-1896 (1920), Mother (1925) and As We Were. A Victorian Peep-Show (1930).
Changes in the Intention to Return and the Related Risk Perception Among Residents and Evacuees of Tomioka Town 11 Years After the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
Authors: Hande Varsha , Orita Makiko , Matsunaga Hitomi , Kashiwazaki Yuya , Taira Yasuyuki , Takamura Noboru 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective:
This study examined temporal trends in risk perception and intention to return to Tomioka among residents and evacuees with the aim of aiding community recovery.

Methods:
Responses to questionnaires distributed in 2017 and 2021 were compared regarding demographic information, intention to return to Tomioka, desire to consult radiation experts, and risk perception such as anxiety about food consumption, drinking tap water, self-health, and genetic effects. Questionnaires were distributed to all persons registered with the Tomioka town council, both current residents and evacuees.

Results:
In 2021, the proportion of responders who had already returned/ wanted to return and those who did not want to return increased by 3.2% and 6.8% respectively, and the proportion unsure about returning decreased by 10.1%. Anxiety for self-health decreased by 15.4%, for genetic effects decreased by 24.4%, for food consumption decreased by 30.9%, and the latter 2 remained significant factors among responders unsure of returning and among those who did not want to return in 2021.

Conclusions:
Risk perception for food and genetic effects was significantly associated with uncertainty about returning or not returning. There is a need for continual monitoring of risk perception trends and implementation of targeted risk communication strategies.
Pyrroloquinoline quinone influences intracellular alpha-synuclein aggregates
Authors: Mountford Elizabeth , Mathew Cynthia , Ghildyal Reena , Bugarcic Andrea 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder clinically manifesting in uncontrolled motor symptoms. There are two primary hallmark features of Parkinson’s disease—an irreversible loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta and formation of intracellular insoluble aggregates called Lewy bodies mostly composed of alpha-synuclein. Using a clinical improvements-first approach, we identified several clinical trials involving consumption of a specific diet or nutritional supplementation that improved motor and nonmotor functions. Here, we aimed to investigate if and how pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) compound disrupts preformed alpha-synuclein deposits using SH-SY5Y cells, widely used Parkinson’s disease cellular model. SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, incubated in presence of potassium chloride (KCl) to induce alpha-synuclein protein aggregation, were treated with PQQ for up to 48 hr. Resulting aggregates were examined and quantified using confocal microscopy. Overall, nutritional compound PQQ reduced the average number and overall size of intracellular cytoplasmic alpha-synuclein aggregates in a PD cellular model.
A Blunt Force Trauma Analysis of Interpersonal Violence in Northern Patagonia and Southern Pampa (Argentina): An Experimental Perspective
Authors: Otero Felipe , Béguelin Marien , Gordón Florencia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article evaluates the level of interpersonal violence among human groups that inhabited northern Patagonia and southern Pampa (Argentina) during the Middle and Late Holocene, especially before contact with Europeans. We analyzed a particular type of trauma—blunt force trauma—in skull samples from several archaeological localities and compared our outcomes with those of a previous experimental work. The results agree with what is expected for small-scale societies within the regional historical and archaeological framework. The recorded percentages show a diachronic increase toward higher frequencies of this injury among males than among females and subadults, but the differences are not statistically significant. Generally, the levels of violence remained relatively constant during the period studied. Most of the injuries reflect low levels of damage, which allows us to hypothesize that the objects causing the injuries would be elements of everyday life. A smaller proportion show significant bone alteration that could be associated with weapons manufactured to exert violence or hunt animals.
New Wild Fields: How the Russian War Leads to the Demodernization of Ukraine’s Occupied Territories
Authors: Malyarenko Tetyana , Kormych Borys 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article explores Russian occupation policy in Ukraine as an adaptive tactic of Russia’s grand strategy and a manifestation of its military culture. Based on a comparative analysis of the Russian occupation policy during the hybrid and conventional stages of the Russian-Ukrainian war, including the employment of a de facto state playbook, we find both continuity and shifts in Russia’s approach. Although the main shift lies in the change of Russia’s conflict management in neighboring countries from reactive to proactive, the main continuities are the subordination of occupation policy to Russia’s geostrategic interests and path dependence in its military culture, which together lead to the employment of brutal violence against civilians and the demodernization of occupied territories.
Finland and Military Volunteers in the Swedish Fascist Imaginary, 1809–1944
Authors: Kunkeler Celestine S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article explores the place of Finland and the Swedish military volunteers of the 1918 civil war, and 1939–44 Finno-Soviet wars, in the Swedish fascist imaginary. The loss of Finland to Russia in 1809 was heavily romanticized in Swedish nationalist culture, and shaped Swedish responses to both conflicts, mediated through famous literary works which encouraged a sense of shame and betrayal. Through examination of the historical relationship between the two countries, the volunteer effort in 1918, and the subsequent emergence of fascism in the interwar period, it is shown that this imaginary of the Finnish–Swedish relationship strongly shaped Swedish fascism. The article traces key military volunteer veterans in various fascist organizations, and the symbolic appropriation of the veterans. Rather than a comparatively peaceful manifestation of fascism in neutral Sweden, Swedish fascism was possessed of a heavily militarized imaginary rooted in violent proxy conflicts in its former eastern borderlands – in this regard it also showed substantial overlap with Swedish conservative nationalism.
Labor Mobility and Loan Origination
Authors: Agarwal Sumit , Lin Yupeng , Zhang Yunqi , Zhang Zilong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe find that mortgage loans originated after the adoption of the inevitable disclosure doctrine (IDD; a mechanism discouraging loan officers’ labor mobility) have a lower default probability, a higher loan modification rate, and a lower foreclosure rate. These effects are unaccompanied by any reduction in loan supply and contribute to more stable housing prices. Using the adoption of the Uniform Trade Secrets Act as an alternative identification generates consistent results. Overall, our findings suggest that restricting loan officers’ labor mobility leads to better ex ante screening and ex post monitoring, improving the origination efficiency for U.S. residential mortgage loans.