bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-molecular-weight heparin for the prevention of preeclampsia in high- risk pregnancies without thrombophilia: a systematic review and meta- analysis
Authors: Chen Jiahui , Huai Jing , Yang Huixia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to prevent preeclampsia in high risk pregnant women without thrombophilia.
Search strategy: PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane library were searched for articles published before 1st August 2022 using the combination keywords “preeclampsia”, “Low Molecular Weight Heparin”, “LMWH”, “Heparin, Low Molecular Weight”, “Dalteparin”, “Nadroparin”, and “Tinzaparin”. Selection criteria: Randomized controlled trials evaluating the use of LMWH in pregnant women at high risk of preeclampsia without thrombophilia.
Data collection and analysis: Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis (1758 patients in total). Outcomes were expressed as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: LMWH reduced the incidence of PE (RR=0.67; 95% CI=0.50-0.90; P=0.009) in high risk pregnant women without thrombophilia. Subgroup analysis found that the prophylactic effect of LMWH was only significant in studies using low-dose aspirin (LDA) as the primary intervention. LMWH was also effective for the prevention of preterm birth and fetal growth restriction, but had no effect on the incidence of placenta abruption.
Conclusion: For women at high risk of developing preeclampsia without thrombophilia, the combination of LMWH and low‐dose aspirin is effective for the prevention of preeclampsia, preterm birth and fetal growth restriction and is superior to LDA alone.
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Staff at Selected Laboratories in Kampala
Authors: Nalunga Justine , Sekimpi Patrick , Kabanda Timothy Makumbi , Nakayaga Joanita Kalyango 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Laboratory (lab) personnel are a key component of the health care system whose daily tasks involve static and sustained awkward postures with repetitive motions that increase ergonomic risks to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This may be attributed to inadequate staff numbers, staff qualifications and workload for prolonged periods however, there is a knowledge gap as regards the MSDs experienced. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and factors associated with work related MSDs (WMSDs) among staff at selected labs in Kampala.
Methods
A cross sectional study on 203 consecutively sampled lab personnel practicing at the selected labs in Kampala was conducted. A pretested modified standardized Nordic questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was entered in EpiData v4.6 and analyzed using STATA v14. The prevalence of WMSDs was estimated as a proportion of the entire sample size. Analysis for factors associated was done by modified Poisson regression reporting robust standard errors through the survey window to control for clustering at lab level and section level. Ethical approval was sought from School of medicine research and ethics committee.
Results
The prevalence of WMSDs among the laboratory personnel was 48.3% (95%CI: 33.2–63.3). At multivariate analysis, sex (aPR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.19–1.57), work involving repetitive motions (aPR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.16–0.73), taking rest breaks at work (aPR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52–0.88) and physical exercise (aPR: 0.77 95% CI: 0.63–0.93) were significantly associated with WMSDs in this population.
Conclusions
Approximately 5 out of every 10 laboratory personnel in this study had experienced at least one or more WMSDs within the past 12 months. Sex, repetitious work, work rest breaks and physical exercise were significantly associated with WMSDs in this population. Increased awareness of injury prevention at the workplace and modification of the occupational safety and health policy to include details about the specifics of the interventions required to prevent WMSDs is encouraged.
Maternal Outcomes of Induced Versus ‎Spontaneous Labor among Admitted Women in Delivery Room at Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil City: A Comparative ‎Study
Authors: saeed Awaz , Noori Bewar Husamaaldin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and objectives: Induction of labor refers to the stimulation of contractions ‎before the labor starts spontaneously, with or without ruptured membranes. The aim of the present study was to compare the ‎maternal outcomes of induced versus spontaneous labor.‎
Methods: A comparative study was conducted in Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil ‎city from ‎February 2020 to February 2021. Using purposive (non-probability) ‎sampling techniques, ‎‎240 pregnant women (120 with induced labor and 120 with spontaneous ‎labor) were recruited into the study. Through direct interviews, a proper researcher-designed questionnaire ‎was ‎utilized to collect required data. ‎The collected data were ‎analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical approaches.‎
Results: There were significant to ‎highly significant differences between the two delivery methods in terms of maternal outcomes, ‎emergency cesarean section, postpartum blood loss, need for blood ‎transfusion, uterine ‎atony, perennial laceration, and postpartum hospital stay.‎
‎Conclusions: There were the significance to highly significance difference of the ‎maternal ‎outcomes between induced and spontaneous labor.
Transcriptome analysis in response to endurance exercise in non-elite marathon runners
Authors: Condeminas Pol Ezquerra , Antiga Laura G. , Ros Jan Borras , Cardenas Antonio , Sibila Oriol , Perera-LLuna Alexandre , Soria Jose Manuel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Given that endurance exercise can have a huge impact on nonelite athletes, this study set out to analyze the impact of running a marathon on nonelite athletes by identifying which systems may be differentially expressed during such activity. Blood samples were taken from 78 nonelite athletes participating in the Barcelona Marathon at three different time points: before the marathon at baseline levels (START), immediately upon completion (FINISH), and 24 hours after completion (24REST). Differential gene expression, GO term, and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were conducted performing three different comparisons obtaining 9534, 162, and 61 in START vs FINISH; 9454, 131, and 59 in FINISH vs 24REST; 454, 14, and 8 in START vs 24REST, respectively. Results showed that performing strenuous exercise significantly deregulated immune system function, which could increase the risk of infection during the period after the marathon. In addition, the study also found changes in inflammatory markers, mitochondrial function, the oxidative environment, and lipid metabolism. While gene expression did not fully recover 24 hours after the race, it was significantly closer to the baseline values than it was immediately after exercising. The results obtained suggest that endurance exercise has a substantial impact on nonelite athletes and highlights potential areas for further research.
Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Exercise for Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA): an overview of systematic reviews
Authors: TAO Tao , SHI Ming-peng , TAN Bo-yang , ZHANG Xian-shuai , SUN Feng-ling , LIU Bao-ren , LI Shao-jun , LI Zhen-Hua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) has become an issue of public health. Several Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (SRs/Mas) indicate that Traditional Chinese Exercise (TCE) may be an effective treatment for reducing pain, stiffness, and physical function in people with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).
Objectives
To re-evaluate the literature quality and the evidence for the systematic evaluation of TCE for osteoarthritis of the knee and to offer evidence to support the clinical practice of TCE for osteoarthritis of the knee.
Methods
Eight electronic databases will be used to retrieve literature from their inception to January 3, 2023, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database (WF), Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), China Biomedical database (CBM), PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library, without restrictions on the study date or language, a systematic evaluation/Meta-analysis of commonly used TCE for knee osteoarthritis was compiled, the methodological and reporting quality of the included literature was evaluated using the AMSTAR-2 scale and PRISMA 2020, and the quality of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE classification.
Results
A total of 18 papers were included, and the AMSTAR-2 review revealed that the literature's methodological quality could have been better. The study of RPISMA 2020 indicated that the overall reporting standards were deficient. The quality of Chinese and English literature differed, with English literature being superior in methodological quality and reporting quality. There were a total of 93 pieces of evidence obtained, 46 of which were of very low quality (49.46%, 46/93), 34 of low quality (36.56%, 34/93), 13 of medium level (13.98%, 13/93), and none of the high quality. TCE was supported by 76 pieces of evidence (81.72%, 76/93).
Conclusion
TCE is, therefore, advantageous and secure for KOA. However, clinicians should proceed from these findings with caution in their practice due to the relatively low methodological and evidentiary quality of the included SRs/MAs.
Pilot-scale ultrastable nitritation in municipal wastewater based on the loading rate switch strategy
Authors: Wang Zihao , Zhang Liang , Zeng Wei , Li Jialin , Zhang Qiong , Li Xiyao , Peng Yongzhen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the present work, quick start-up ultrastable nitritation was successfully demonstrated in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR; V = 6.5 m3) treating real municipal wastewater (5.9°C–29.8°C). The SBR was operated under a high influent loading rate by aggressively discharging surplus sludge and controlling a short aeration time, resulting in a significant decrease of both ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) abundances. Subsequently, the influent loading rate sharply dropped from 312 mg COD/(g VSS∙d) to 55 mg COD/(g VSS∙d) with the extension of aeration time. According to qPCR and batch test results, the AOB abundance increased 106-fold and 136% of its initial bioactivity level was recovered. The NOB abundance was maintained at a low level, resulting in incomplete nitrification and nitrite accumulation. Nitritation with an ultra-high nitrite accumulation ratio (NAR) of 97% started in seven days. Moreover, despite the decrease of temperature from 17.5°C to 5.9°C, a high NAR (98.1 ± 1.1%) was maintained for over 450 days. The NOB abundance was below the detection level, and a high AOB (Nitrosomonas; 0.95%) level was effectively maintained. Importantly, the average levels of ammonium and nitrite effluents were maintained at 8.3 mg N/L and 13.8 mg N/L, respectively, favoring the application of an anammox process. Therefore, the proposed nitritation start-up strategy provides a practical alternative for extending anammox into sewage treatments.
The Effect of Using Bispectral Index Monitoring on the Amount of Propofol Used During Transvaginal Oocyte Retrieval Procedure: a Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial
Authors: Bilgen Sevgi , Erdogan Dilek , Sabri Berkem 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether the use of bispectral index (BIS) monitoring would decrease total propofol consumption during the transvaginal oocyte retrieval procedure
Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled, parallel-group clinical trial
Setting: Operating room, postoperative recovery room
Population: One hundred and thirty, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-II patients, over age 18, undergoing transvaginal oocyte retrieval
Methods: All patients were administered 2mg/kg fentanyl, and 2mg/kg propofol for the induction of anesthesia. The patients were divided into two groups. Patients in the group bolus were given 0.5 mg/kg of propofol when necessary, according to the observer's range of motion. Patients in the group BIS were given 10 mg/kg/hour propofol infusion adjusted to keep the BIS value between 40-60.
Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome was the total dose of propofol administered per patient. The secondary outcomes were the time to reach the value of 5 on the Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness Sedation Scale (MOASs), the time to reach Post Anesthetic Discharge Scoring System (PADSS) ³9 of the patients, satisfaction of the patient, and the gynecologist.
Results: The amount of total propofol was higher in the group BIS than in the group bolus administered according to the patient's clinic. There was no difference in the time to reach the value of 5 on the MOASs between the groups. The time to reach PADSS ³9 was longer in the group BIS than in the group bolus. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of the satisfaction of the patient and the gynecologist.
Conclusion: Administration of propofol as an infusion with BIS monitoring did not reduce the amount of propofol administered to patients during transvaginal oocyte retrieval.
IRB number: The Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey (No:2022/05-32).
Clinical trial registration number: NCT05631925 - 12/03/2022
Pioneering the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: Aβ Oligomers-Sensing Probe for Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis in Patients
Authors: An Jusung , Kim Kyeonghwan , Lim Ho Jae , Shin Jinwoo , Park InWook , Cho Illhwan , Kim Hyeong Yun , Kim Sunghoon , Kim YoungSoo , Lee Kun Ho , Kim Jong Seung 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Amyloid-β oligomers (oAβ) are implicated in the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Herein, quinoline-derived half-curcumin-dioxaborine (Q-OB), a highly selective and sensitive fluorescent probe, was designed for detecting oAβ by finely tailoring the amphiphilicity of the biannulate donor motifs in D-π-A structure. Q-OB shows a great sensing potency in dynamically monitoring oAβ during amyloid fibrillogenesis in vitro and in vivo. For the first time, we applied this strategy to fluorometrically analyze Aβ self-assembly kinetics in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD patients. The fluorescence intensity of Q-OB in AD patients’ CSF revealed a marked change of log (I/I0) value of 0.34 ± 0.13 (cognitive normal), 0.15 ± 0.12 (mild cognitive impairment), and 0.14 ± 0.10 (AD dementia), guiding to distinguish a state of AD continuum. These studies demonstrate the potential of our approach can expand the currently available preclinical diagnostic platform for the early stages of AD, aiding in the disruption of pathological progression and the development of appropriate treatment strategies.
Mutltimodal MRI Brain Tumor Segmentation using 3D Attention UNet with Dense Encoder Blocks and Residual Decoder Blocks
Authors: Tassew Tewodros Megabiaw , Ashamo Betelihem Asfaw , Nie Xuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Medical image segmentation is essential for disease diagnosis and for support- ing medical decision systems. Automatic segmentation of brain tumors from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is crucial for treatment planning and timely diagnosis. Due to the enormous amount of data that MRI provides as well as the variability in the location and size of the tumor, automatic seg- mentation is a difficult process. Consequently, a current outstanding problem in the field of deep learning-based medical image analysis is the development of an accurate and trustworthy way to separate the tumorous region from healthy tissues. In this paper, we propose a novel 3D Attention U-Net with dense encoder blocks and residual decoder blocks, which combines the bene- fits of both DenseNet and ResNet. Dense blocks with transition layers help to strengthen feature propagation, reduce vanishing gradient, and increase the receptive field. Because each layer receives feature maps from all previous layers, the network can be made thinner and more compact. To make predic- tions, it considers both low-level and high-level features at the same time. In addition, shortcut connections between the residual network are used to pre- serve low-level features at each level. As part of the proposed architecture, skip connections between dense and residual blocks are utilized along with an attention layer to speed up the training process. The proposed architecture was trained and validated using BraTS 2020 dataset, it showed promising results with dice scores of 0.866, 0.889, and 0.828 for the tumor core (TC), whole tumor (WT), and enhancing tumor (ET), respectively. In compar- ison to the original 3D U-Net, our approach performs better. According to the findings of our experiment, our approach is a competitive automatic brain tumor segmentation method when compared to some state-of-the-art techniques.
Analysis of physical and chemical characteristics of two sodium caseinates and evaluation of their application in ice cream
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Xiao Jing , Xu Xiaoyue , Zhu Mingyao , Wu Jintao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Sodium caseinate (CAS) is widely used in ice cream products due to its good foaming, emulsifying and thickening properties. However, in recent years, there are many sodium caseinate products with widely different functional properties, and their application in ice cream has been uneven. In this work, the physicochemical properties of two different sodium caseinate were studied and their application effects in ice cream were evaluated and analyzed. Compared to CAS L09, CAS L05 has a higher protein content and αs-CN and β-CN content, with smaller and more uniformly distributed particles. Therefore, CAS L05 achieves better foaming properties and solution viscosity. The application evaluation also showed that the ice cream products prepared with 0.2%～1.0% CAS L05 had better performance and had the highest overrun and lowest melting rate at 0.8% addition, 4.40% higher and 13.30% lower than L09 respectively. In addition, the reduction in particle size of the ball-milled CAS L05 improved the foaming properties, resulting in a 12.94% and 9.07% reduction in the melting rate of the ice cream, respectively, which improved the conformability of the ice cream product.
Direct numerical simulation of Vortex Breakdown in Evaporating Dilute Sprays
Authors: Liberatori Jacopo , Battista Francesco , Barba Federico Dalla , Ciottoli Pietro Paolo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The effects of different vortex breakdown states on the evaporation process characterizing air-acetone vapor swirling jets laden with liquid acetone droplets in the dilute regime are discussed based on results provided by direct numerical simulations. Adopting the point-droplet approximation, the carrier phase is solved using an Eulerian framework, whereas a Lagrangian tracking of the dispersed phase is used. Three test cases are investigated: one with fully-turbulent pipe inflow conditions and two with a laminar Maxworthy velocity profile at different swirl rates. Consequently, turbulent, bubble-type and regular conical vortex breakdown states are established. Following phenomenological and statistical analyses of both phases, a significant enhancement of the overall droplet evaporation process due to the onset of the conical vortex breakdown is observed due to the strongest centrifugal forces driving the entire liquid drops towards the low-saturation mixing layer of the jet. The effects of droplet inertia on evaporation are isolated through an additional set of simulations where liquid droplets are treated as Lagrangian tracers. While it is found that inertial effects contribute to enhanced vaporization near the mixing layer under bubble vortex breakdown conditions, droplet inertia plays a secondary role under both turbulent and conical vortex breakdown due to intense turbulent mixing and high centrifugal forces, respectively.
Coupling uncertain patterns of climatic variables in estimating evaporation from open water bodies
Authors: Nourani Vahid , Sayyah-Fard Mina , Zhang Yongqiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Coupling patterns of climatic variables in the formation of evaporation from open water bodies still are not clear due to the uncertainty involved in the process. The main goal of this study was the detection of such patterns via second-order sensitivity analysis. The Partial Deviations method, based on the Artificial Neural Network, was utilized to reveal coupling patterns. The new method was tested at two neighboring sites (Ahvaz and Isfahan) in Iran. We found that at Ahvaz station coupling between one day-lagged evaporation with air temperature and humidity with magnitudes of 26.37% and 25.21%, respectively had a major effect on the evaporation gradient. Similarly, the major effects on the evaporation rate at Isfahan station belonged to the coupling one day-lagged evaporation with air temperature and wind speed with magnitudes of 36.97% and 18.98%, respectively. The interaction patterns showed that the rate of evaporation reversed for both stations in the warm seasons of the year mainly because of an increase in atmospheric humidity. The climatic variables on their own domain (mostly their high values), aroused the effect of other variables, such as temperature, one day-lagged evaporation, wind speed and radiation which in interaction with other variables caused inverse the rate of evaporation in some cases. Even though adjacent climates have the most impact on each other, their coupling patterns are significantly different. Our study highlights the importance to include the reversal of the evaporation rate in modeling evaporation from open water bodies.
A rare malignant tumor of branchial cleft carcinoma：A case report
Authors: Ma Yang , Liu Hangyu , Yang Lijing , Tang Shijie , Shi Lungang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The brachial cleft carcinoma is an extremely rare head and neck facial malignancy, and there is some disagreement about its differential diagnosis. In this paper, we report a 63-year-old male patient who had a mass on the left side of the neck and diagnosed as the brachial cleft carcinoma by intraoperative biopsy pathology. However, this patient was diagnosed with the carcinoma of the left soft palate more than 20 days after surgery and esophageal cancer 2 years later, and was treated accordingly. Therefore, it is hard to confirm whether the branchial cleft carcinoma is primary or metastatic. In fact, the diagnostic criteria for primary squamous cell carcinoma of branchial cleft cysts are very rigorous. Confirmation of the diagnosis is based on pathological examination of the branchial cleft cyst epithelium lined with squamous cells, meanwhile, a thorough examination should also be performed to exclude the presence of other primary cancers.
Gemcitabine and celecoxib synergistically promote antitumor efficacy of αPD-1 by triggering immunogenic cell death
Authors: Zhu Xiongjie , Yang Xia , Yu Zhongjian , Cai Rui , Li Ying , Zhou Min , Zheng Yanfang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
There is emerging evidence that immunogenic chemotherapy is not only cytotoxic toward tumor cells but also ameliorates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) to achieve long-lasting antitumor efficacy. However, comprehensive analysis of ICD inducers is lacking in lung cancer. We investigated the ability of five chemotherapeutic agents to trigger ICD. And further study of how gemcitabine (GEM) activates antitumor immunity and synergistic enhancement of antitumor immunochemotherapy. Herein, we observed that GEM induced characteristics of ICD. Moreover, we demonstrated that celecoxib could enhance ICD by attenuation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) expression and augmentation of ROS-based endoplasmic reticulum stress. In the present study, we found the combination of GEM, celecoxib and anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (aPD-1) exhibited potent antitumor activity and long-term antitumor efficacy in immunocompetent mice by synergistic anti-tumor activity and recruitment of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. These results support a combination of GEM, celecoxib and aPD-1 as a potential treatment regimen for patients with lung cancer.