bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Outcomes of Language Rehabilitation: Prognostic Factors for Immediate and Long-Term Outcomes After Aphasia Therapy
Authors: Kristinsson Sigfus , Basilakos Alexandra , den Ouden Dirk B. , Cassarly Christy , Spell Leigh Ann , Bonilha Leonardo , Rorden Chris , Hillis Argye E. , Hickok Gregory , Johnson Lisa , Busby Natalie , Walker Grant M. , McLain Alexander , Fridriksson Julius 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Aphasia therapy is an effective approach to improve language function in chronic aphasia. However, it remains unclear what prognostic factors facilitate therapy response at the individual level. Here, we utilized data from the POLAR (Predicting Outcomes of Language Rehabilitation in Aphasia) trial to (a) determine therapy-induced change in confrontation naming and long-term maintenance of naming gains and (b) examine the extent to which aphasia severity, age, education, time postonset, and cognitive reserve predict naming gains at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months posttherapy.

Method:

A total of 107 participants with chronic (≥ 12 months poststroke) aphasia underwent extensive case history, cognitive–linguistic testing, and a neuroimaging workup prior to receiving 6 weeks of impairment-based language therapy. Therapy-induced change in naming performance (measured as raw change on the 175-item Philadelphia Naming Test [PNT]) was assessed 1 week after therapy and at follow-up time points 1 month and 6 months after therapy completion. Change in naming performance over time was evaluated using paired
t
tests, and linear mixed-effects models were constructed to examine the association between prognostic factors and therapy outcomes.

Results:

Naming performance was improved by 5.9 PNT items (Cohen's
d
= 0.56,
p
< .001) 1 week after therapy and by 6.4 (
d
= 0.66,
p
< .001) and 7.5 (
d
= 0.65,
p
< .001) PNT items at 1 month and 6 months after therapy completion, respectively. Aphasia severity emerged as the strongest predictor of naming improvement recovery across time points;
mild
(ß = 5.85–9.02) and
moderate
(ß = 9.65–11.54) impairment predicted better recovery than
severe
(ß = 1.31–3.37) and
very severe
(ß = 0.20–0.32) aphasia. Age was an emergent prognostic factor for recovery 1 month (ß = −0.14) and 6 months (ß = −0.20) after therapy, and time postonset (ß = −0.05) was associated with retention of naming gains at 6 months posttherapy.

Conclusions:
These results suggest that therapy-induced naming improvement is predictable based on several easily measurable prognostic factors. Broadly speaking, these results suggest that prognostication procedures in aphasia therapy can be improved and indicate that personalization of therapy is a realistic goal in the near future.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22141829
Effect of Speaker Age on Listener Perceptions of Word-Final /l/
Authors: Chung Hyunju , Lemoine Grace E. , Sanders Julia B. , Schellinger Sarah K. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
This study investigated an effect of speaker age on listeners' perception of word-final /l/ produced by child and adult speakers of Southern White Vernacular English, a dialect that shows higher rates of word-final /l/ vocalization than other dialects of English.

Method:
Stimuli included children and adults' word-final /l/ embedded in monosyllabic words in two vowel contexts (/i, ɪ/ and /ɔ, ɑ/). A total of 25 monolingual adult listeners listened to each word and were asked to judge the /l/-likeness using a visual analog scale. Average listener ratings and three acoustic measures (F2 transition rate [F2 TR] and F2-F1 [Hz] values at 20% and 80% time points along the vowel−/l/ duration) were analyzed.

Results:
Adult productions were rated more as correct /l/ than those of children in both vowel contexts, despite the similarity in their F2 TR and F2-F1 values at the 80% time point. Correlation between the acoustic measures and the average listener ratings were weak for all three measures for adults' productions. For children's productions, while the correlation with F2 TR values were weak, moderate significant correlations were found for F2-F1 values at the 20% and 80% time points. In terms of vowel context, word-final /l/ in the high front vowel context was rated more as /l/ than those in low back vowel context.

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that listeners are more likely to accept word-final /l/ as being correct when produced by adult speakers, regardless of their acoustic characteristics, but more likely to perceive an error when produced by a child and attend more to acoustic information for their perceptual judgment. This highlights the importance of considering children's dialectal background when judging word-final /l/, which is more likely to be vocalized in certain dialects and certain vowel contexts, and thus can be misjudged without such consideration.
Prioritizing Connectedness and Equity in Speech-Language Services for American Indian and Alaska Native Children
Authors: Allison-Burbank Joshuaa D. , Reid Traci 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN; Indigenous) students are at a high risk for language and learning disorders. This article aims to highlight how clinicians can use decolonization and Indigenization pedagogies when planning and delivering speech-language services to Indigenous students from the perspectives of Indigenous professionals. These efforts can help promote student resilience, well-being, and identity and are critical to addressing educational inequity and provide culturally responsive services to Indigenous children. Many AI/AN students receive IDEA Part B special education services including speech and language therapy. Many of these students are misidentified as needing special education due to unique learning and language environments (Soto-Boykin et al., 2021). These students bring a unique cultural heritage that is vital to their identity, well-being, health, and school success. Therefore, the goal should be to provide evidence-based services that are culturally tailored and meet the whole child. Using a precision public health approach to consider social determinants of health and historical trauma allows for leveraging of a multilayered, trauma-informed approach to addressing educational inequities.

Conclusions:
An Indigenous connectedness framework can be used to indicate how connectedness is essential to AI/AN child well-being. This framework can be interlaced with existing learning theories to shape instruction where indigenization is a cornerstone of learning. Further examined was the influence of historical trauma, racism, socioeconomic status, and culture loss on learning and language development in AI/AN children in the context of settler colonialism. Strategies on how to use Indigenous knowledge and evidence-based teaching practices were applied to therapeutic services offered by speech-language pathologists and educators.
Near-ultraviolet absorption distribution of primitive asteroids from spectrophotometric surveys
Authors: Tatsumi E. , Vilas F. , de León J. , Popescu M. , Hasegawa S. , Hiroi T. , Tinaut-Ruano F. , Licandro J. 
Published: February 2023

Context. Hydrated minerals, such as phyllosilicates, on asteroids can provide constraints on the temperature or compositional distribution of the early Solar System. Previous studies pointed out the possibility that absorption in the near-ultraviolet (NUV, 0.35–0.5 μm) wavelength region is a proxy for hydrated minerals in primitive asteroids. However, the radial distribution of the NUV absorption among primitive asteroids was not revisited after the Eight Color Asteroid Survey (ECAS).
Aims. Our objectives are first to evaluate the possibility of using the NUV absorption as diagnostics of hydrated minerals based on the recent datasets of primitive asteroids and hydrated carbonaceous chondrites, and second to investigate the reflectance spectrophotometry of the primitive asteroids in the NUV as functions of heliocentric distance and size.
Methods. The NUV and visible reflectance spectrophotometry of more than 9000 primitive asteroids was investigated using two spectrophotometric surveys, ECAS and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), which cover wavelengths down to 0.32 μm and 0.36 μm, respectively. We classified asteroids from the main asteroid belt, the Cybele and Hilda zones, and Jupiter Trojans based on Tholen’s taxonomy and described the statistical distribution of primitive asteroid types. We also examined the relationship of the NUV, 0.7 μm, and 2.7 μm absorptions among primitive asteroids and hydrous carbonaceous chondrites CI and CM.
Results. We find strong correlations between the NUV and the OH-band (2.7 μm) absorptions for primitive asteroids and hydrated meteorites, suggesting the NUV absorption can be indicative of hydrated silicates. Moreover, there is a great difference in the NUV absorption between the large asteroids (diameter d > 50 km) and small asteroids (d < 10 km) in the taxonomic distribution. The taxonomic distribution of asteroids differs between the inner main belt and middle-outer main belt. Notably, the C types are dominating large members through the main belt and the F types are dominating small asteroids of the inner main belt. The asteroids beyond the main belt consist mostly of P and D types, although P types are common everywhere in the main belt. The peculiar distribution of F types might indicate a different formation reservoir or a displacement process of F types in the early Solar System. The strongest absorptions of the NUV and 0.7 μm band were observed in G types, which likely comprise CM-like Fe-rich phyllosilicates. On the other hand, according to a recent sample return from an F-type asteroid (162173) Ryugu, the F types with the OH-band at 2.7 μm and the shallow NUV absorption could comprise CI-like Mg-rich phyllosilicates.
A new method for identifying dynamical transitions in rubble-pile asteroid scenarios
Authors: Ferrari F. , Alessi E. M. 
Published: February 2023

Context. Evidence supports the idea that asteroids are rubble piles, that is, gravitational aggregates of loosely consolidated material. This makes their dynamics subject not only to the complex N-body gravitational interactions between its constituents, but also to the laws of granular mechanics, which is one of the main unsolved problems in physics.
Aims. We aim to develop a new method to identify dynamical transitions and predict qualitative behavior in the granular N-body problem, in which the dynamics of individual bodies are driven both by mutual gravity, contact and collision interactions.
Methods. The method has its foundation in the combination of two elements: a granular N-body simulation code that can resolve the dynamics of granular fragments to particle-scale precision, and a theoretical framework that can decode the nature of particle-scale dynamics and their transitions by means of ad hoc indicators.
Results. We present here a proof-of-concept of the method, with application to the spinning rubble-pile asteroid problem. We investigate the density-spin parameter space and demonstrate that the approach can identify the breakup limit and reshape region for spinning rubble-pile aggregates.
Conclusions. We provide the performance of several ad hoc indicators and discuss whether they are suitable for identifying and predicting the features of the dynamical problem.
Quasi-simultaneous photometric, polarimetric, and spectral observations of distant comet C/2014 B1 (Schwartz)
Authors: Ivanova Oleksandra , Rosenbush Vera , Luk’yanyk Igor , Markkanen Johannes , Kleshchonok Valery , Kolokolova Ludmilla , Husárik Marek , Kiselev Nikolai , Andreev Maxim , Afanasiev Viktor 
Published: February 2023

Context. We analyze the results of our comprehensive observations of the high-perihelion comet C/2014 B1 (Schwartz) with stable disk-shaped coma and jets in order to study its nature.
Aims. The main objective of our study is to obtain new observational results for a unique disk-like comet C/2014 B1 (Schwartz) with a perihelion distance of 9.56 au.
Methods. Quasi-simultaneous long-slit spectra, as well as photometric and polarimetric images with g-sdss and r-sdss filters, were acquired with the 6 m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory on 2017 January 23. The BVR-band photometry of the comet was also performed at the 2m telescope of the Peak Terskol Observatory on 2017 January 31. We modeled the dynamics of the jets and the behavior of the color and polarization in the coma considering the dust as aggregated large particles.
Results. We did not reveal any emissions in the spectra. The positions of two jets oriented along the position angles of 179° and 350° and the disk-like shape of the coma have remained unchanged for more than 4 yr. The most realistic model able to explain jets of such stable orientation includes the existence of two active sources located near the north and south poles of the rotating nucleus whose diameter was determined to be between 7.6 and 12.2 km depending on the albedo, of namely between 0.1 and 0.04, respectively. The high activity of the comet is characterized by the high dust production Afρ which varied from 4440 to 3357 cm between 2017 January 23 and 31. A significant difference between the radial surface brightness profiles of the jets and the ambient (undisturbed by the jets) coma is found. The color of the jet structures is much redder than that of the ambient coma, and the nucleus has a very red color, V − R=0.93m±0.19m. There are spatial variations of the color and polarization over the coma and jets.
Conclusions. The observed trends in color and polarization, as well as the brightness profiles, can be explained by the fragmentation of aggregated particles formed by CO2/H2O ices, silicates, and organics, which are of ~1 mm in radius near the nucleus and ~10 μm in radius at the periphery of the coma.
The GAPS Programme at TNG
Authors: Damasso M. , Locci D. , Benatti S. , Maggio A. , Nardiello D. , Baratella M. , Biazzo K. , Bonomo A. S. , Desidera S. , D'Orazi V. , Mallonn M. , Lanza A. F. , Sozzetti A. , Marzari F. , Borsa F. , Maldonado J. , Mancini L. , Poretti E. , Scandariato G. , Bignamini A. , Borsato L. , Capuzzo Dolcetta R. , Cecconi M. , Claudi R. , Cosentino R. , Covino E. , Fiorenzano A. , Harutyunyan A. , Mann A. W. , Micela G. , Molinari E. , Molinaro M. , Pagano I. , Pedani M. , Pinamonti M. , Piotto G. , Stoev H. 
Published: February 2023

Context. The GAPS collaboration is carrying out a spectroscopic and photometric follow-up of a sample of young stars with planets (age ≲600 Myr) to characterise planetary systems at the early stages of their evolution.
Aims. For more than 2 yr, we monitored with the HARPS-N spectrograph the 400 Myr-old star HD 63433, which hosts two close-in (orbital periods Pb ~ 7.1 and Pc ~ 20.5 days) sub-Neptunes detected by the TESS space telescope, and it was announced in 2020. Using radial velocities and additional TESS photometry, we aim to provide the first measurement of their masses, improve the measure of their size and orbital parameters, and study the evolution of the atmospheric mass-loss rate due to photoevaporation.
Methods. We tested state-of-the-art analysis techniques and different models to mitigate the dominant signals due to stellar activity that are detected in the radial velocity time series. We used a hydro-based analytical description of the atmospheric mass-loss rate, coupled with a core-envelope model and stellar evolutionary tracks, to study the past and future evolution of the planetary masses and radii.
Results. We derived new measurements of the planetary orbital periods and radii (Pb = 7.10794 ± 0.000009 days, rb = 2.02+0.06-0.05R⊕; Pc = 20.54379 ± 0.00002 days, rc = 2.44 ± 0.07 R⊕), and determined mass upper limits (mb ≲11 M⊕; mc ≲31 M⊕; 95% confidence level), with evidence at a 2.1–2.7σ significance level that HD 63433 c might be a dense mini-Neptune with a Neptune-like mass. For a grid of test masses below our derived dynamical upper limits, we found that HD 63433 b has very likely lost any gaseous H-He envelope, supporting HST-based observations that are indicative of there being no ongoing atmospheric will keep evaporating over the next ~5 Gyr if its current mass is mc ≲15 M⊕, while it should be hydrodynamically stable for higher masses.
Repeat Surgery following Temporal Inverted ILM Flap Technique: Next Step after Primary Failure
Authors: Alagoz Cengiz , Bektasoglu Damla , Alagoz Nese , Erdogdu Erdem , Artunay Özgür 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurpose We aimed to report our surgical experience with repeat surgery as the next step after an unsuccessful hole closure with the primary single-layered temporal inverted flap technique (IFT).Methods We identified cases with persistent macular holes by reviewing the records of eyes that underwent IFT between October 2018 and October 2021. These cases were evaluated for hole features, anatomical closure, and visual improvement before and after the first and second surgeries. In addition, the technique applied in repeat surgery was recorded. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) images at follow-up were used to evaluate the flap position.Results A persistent hole was identified in 11 (6.4%) of 172 patients who underwent IFT. An inferotemporal displacement was observed in seven eyes, while no flap could be identified in the OCT images of the other four eyes. In the second surgery, the old flap was reinverted in one eye, and a new flap was created from the superior region in five eyes and the nasal region in the other five eyes and was stabilized under perfluorocarbon liquid. A gas tamponade (C3F8/SF6) was used in all patients at the end of surgery. The minimum hole diameter was > 400 µm in all eyes and 100% closure was achieved after the second surgery. Visual acuity gain of ≥ 3 lines was observed in 9 of the 11 eyes (81.8%). The mean visual acuity increase at the last follow-up was significant (p = 0.008).Conclusion With single-layer temporal IFT in the primary surgery of macular holes, unsuccessful results may be observed due to the flap displacement in the early period. In our series, IFT was applied again with the use of the old flap or the creation of a new flap in the second surgery of the persistent holes, and successful results were obtained.
Endoscopic vacuum-assisted closure therapy for leakage of the lower gastrointestinal tract: multicenter experiences
Authors: Book Thorsten , Engelke Carsten , Wedemeyer Jochen , Kirstein Martha M. , Brüggerhoff Raphael , Winny Markus , Kraus Martin , Benecke Claudia , Zimmermann Markus , Trostdorf Ulf , Wedemeyer Heiner , Marquardt Jens U. , Voigtländer Torsten 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Only a few studies are available regarding endoscopic vacuum-assisted closure (E-VAC) therapy for the post-surgery leakage of the lower gastrointestinal tract.
Patients and methods In this multicenter German study, we retrospectively analyzed patients treated with E-VAC therapy due to post-surgery leakage of the lower gastrointestinal tract from 2000–2020 at Hannover Medical School, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, and Robert Koch Hospital Gehrden.
Results Overall, 147 patients were included in this study. Most patients had undergone tumor resections of the lower gastrointestinal tract (n = 88; 59.9 %). Median time to diagnosis of leakage was 10 days (interquartile range [IQR] 6–19). Median duration of E-VAC therapy was 14 days (IQR 8–27). Increase of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels significantly correlated with first diagnosis of leakage (P < 0.001). E-VAC therapy led to closure or complete epithelialization of leakage in the majority of patients (n = 122; 83.0 %) and stoma reversal was achieved in 60.0 %. Stoma reversal was significantly more often achieved in patients with CRP levels ≤ 100 mg/L at first diagnosis compared to patients with CRP levels > 100 mg/L (78.4 % vs. 52.7 %; P = 0.012). Odds ratio for failure of stoma reversal was 3.36 in cases with CRP values > 100 mg/L (P = 0.017). In total, leakage- and/ or E-VAC therapy-associated complications occurred in 26 patients (17.7 %). Minor complications included recurrent E-VAC dislocations and subsequent stenosis. Overall, 14 leakage- or E-VAC-associated deaths were observed most often due to sepsis.
Conclusions E-VAC therapy due to post-surgery leakage of the lower gastrointestinal tract is safe and effective. High levels of CRP are a negative predictor of E-VAC therapy success.
Enhancement-Optionen nach Linsen- und refraktiver
Hornhautchirurgie
Authors: Feldhaus Lukas , Luft Nikolaus , Mayer Wolfgang 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungGelegentlich kommt es trotz aller Sorgfalt und präziser Operationstechnik in der
Katarakt- und Refraktivchirurgie zu unbefriedigenden refraktiven und visuellen
Ergebnissen. In diesen Fällen ist eine nachträgliche Korrektur erforderlich, um
das beste endgültige visuelle Ergebnis zu erzielen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt die
Möglichkeiten zur Behandlung residualer Refraktionsfehler nach Linsen- und
refraktiver Hornhautchirurgie auf.
Nystagmus bei Kindern – eine Übersicht
Authors: Salchow Daniel J. 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungNystagmus ist definiert als unwillkürliche, periodische Bewegung, bei der eines oder beide Augen vom Fixationspunkt wegdriften (sog. Drift). Auf die Drift, die langsame Phase, folgt
entweder eine schnelle, refixierende Bewegung (sog. Refixationssakkade oder schnelle Phase) oder eine langsamere Bewegung zur Wiederaufnahme der Fixation. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit sollen
die wichtigsten Formen von Nystagmus bei Kindern erörtert werden, für eine Übersicht bei Erwachsenen sei auf 1 verwiesen.
Effects of Dietary Sodium and Protein Intake on Glomerular Filtration
Rate in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter
2 Inhibitors
Authors: Gaudio Costanza , Seghieri Marta , Merciai Chiara , Colombi Claudia , Spatoliatore Giuseppe , Baggiore Cristiana Maria , Rosati Alberto 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background Approximately one-fourth of patients treated with
sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) experience an acute estimated
glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reduction of more than 10%
(“dippers”). High sodium and protein intake can increase
intraglomerular pressure and predispose to a decline in renal function. We
investigated whether measured creatinine clearance (CrCl) is a sensitive enough
method to detect the initial dip of GFR and if dietary sodium and protein intake
might influence the extent of the early change in GFR.
Methods 28 subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were enrolled. For sodium
and urea determination, 24-h urinary samples were collected to estimate sodium
and protein intake respectively before and 1, 3 and 6 months after SGLT2i
initiation.
Results Mean CrCl was
83.23±25.52 mL/min/1.73 m2 (eGFR
67.32±16.07) and dropped by 19% at month 1 (eGFR by 6%).
Dippers were 64 and 40%, according to CrCl and eGFR, respectively.
Exploring the potential correlation between changes in renal function and salt
intake, ΔCrCl and baseline urinary sodium were inversely related at
month 1 (r=−0,61; p<0.01), at month 3
(r=–0.51; p=0.01) and month 6
(r=−0,48; p<0.05). Likewise, an
inverse correlation between ΔCrCl and baseline urinary urea was
demonstrated at months 1 and 3 (r=−0.46;
p<0.05 for both); at month 6, a similar trend was observed
(r=–0.47; p=0.054).
Conclusions The present study suggests that a higher dietary sodium and
protein intake may amplify the extent of the early dip in GFR, as detected with
measured CrCl, in diabetic patients undergoing SGLT2i treatment.