bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on perioperative factors: data from the Swedish Perioperative Register
Authors: Dahlberg Karuna , Månsson Sandra , Lyckner Sara , Lindgren Lenita , Alm Fredrik 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected healthcare organizations in many areas. The aim of this study was to describe surgical interventions, anesthesia, and postoperative outcomes in adult patients during the first wave and 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden, and to compare these outcomes with outcomes during the same period the year before the pandemic.

Methods
Data were collected from the Swedish PeriOperative Register, and included 417, 233 perioperative registration of patients ≥ 18 years old between period 1 (March–June 2019), period 2 (March–June 2020), and period 3 (March–June 2021).

Results
Compared with pre-pandemic (period 1), the number of surgical interventions decreased by 28% in the first wave (period 2); 1 year into the pandemic (period 3), the number of interventions was still 7.5% lower than pre-pandemic. The largest drops between periods 1 and 2 were noted in the specialties of ear, nose, and larynx surgery, – 55.6%; teeth, jaws, mouth, and pharynx surgery, – 45.0%; endocrine system surgery, – 38.8%. The number of acute surgeries remained stable during all three periods. Volatiles were more frequently used for the maintenance of general anesthesia in period 2 than in either period 1 or 3 (p < 0.001). Minor differences were noted throughout the periods in postoperative nausea and vomiting as well as postoperative pain.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on perioperative care in Sweden. During the first wave of the pandemic, the number of surgical interventions decreased, but the number of acute surgeries remained stable compared with pre-pandemic numbers. Perioperative organizations have had and will continue to have challenges handling the increased number of patients needing perioperative care.
Luteolin inhibits A549 cells proliferation and migration by down-regulating androgen receptors
Authors: Li Xu , Tang Yeling , Liang Pengchen , Sun Miaomiao , Li Tian , Shen Zhiping , Sha Shuang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Yi Fei Qing Hua Granules (YQG) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with the effects of inhibiting the proliferation of lung cancer cells. Luteolin is one of the active compounds of YQG. Luteolin is a common flavonoid extracted from natural herbs and it can promote cancer cells apoptosis has been reported. However, the underlying molecular mechanism and effects of luteolin on human lung cancer needs to be validated.

Methods
Molecular docking, network pharmacology methods and quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model were used to identify the active components of YQG and their possible mechanisms of action. Western blot analysis was used to measure AR expression in A549 cells. Cell migration assays were used to detect A549 cells proliferation transfected by AR plasmid and AR mutation plasmid, respectively.

Results
TCMSP search results revealed that there are 182 active compounds in YQG, which correspond to 232 target genes. Sixty-one genes were overlapping genes in the 2 datasets of TCMSP and GeneCards. Through bioinformatics tagging of these overlapping genes, a total of 1,951 GO functional tagging analysis and 133 KEGG pathways were obtained. Through molecular docking technology and QSAR model verification, the multi-target active compound luteolin was screened out as one of the active components of YQG for in vitro verification. Androgen receptor (AR) was the hub protein with the highest docking score of luteolin. Western blot showed that luteolin could inhibit AR protein expression in lung cancer cell line A549. After the phosphorylation site of AR protein 877 was inactivated, the ability of luteolin to inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells was weakened. Luteolin significantly inhibited the growth of A549 xenogeneic tumors at day 25 and 28 and inhibited the expression of AR.

Conclusion
In this study, we have explored luteolin as one of the active components of YQG, and may inhibit the proliferation and migration of A549 cells by decreasing the expression of AR and the regulation of phosphorylation at AR-binding sites.
Simulating imprecise data: sine–cosine and convolution methods with neutrosophic normal distribution
Authors: Aslam Muhammad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
The primary aim of this research paper is to introduce and demonstrate the application of the sine–cosine method and the convolution method for simulating data by utilizing the neutrosophic normal distribution.

Method
The methodological framework presented in this paper elaborates on the incorporation of both the sine–cosine method and the convolution method into the realm of neutrosophic statistics. It also introduces algorithms engineered to produce random variables adhering to the neutrosophic normal distribution.

Results
Moreover, the study furnishes practical tables that encompass neutrosophic random normal variables generated via the sine–cosine method, as well as tables exhibiting neutrosophic random standard normal variables generated using the convolution method.

Conclusion
The analysis undertaken in this study conclusively establishes that the proposed sine–cosine and convolution simulation methods yield outcomes presented in the form of intervals. Furthermore, the study's conclusion emphasizes that the extent of indeterminacy significantly influences the characteristics of the random variates.
3D printed fluidic swab for COVID-19 testing with improved diagnostic yield and user comfort
Authors: Kim Joochan , Jeon Jaehyung , Jang Hyowon , Moon Youngkwang , Abafogi Abdurhaman Teyib , van Noort Danny , Lee Jinkee , Kang Taejoon , Park Sungsu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe current standard method of diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) involves uncomfortable and invasive nasopharyngeal (NP) sampling using cotton swabs (CS), which can be unsuitable for self-testing. Although mid-turbinate sampling is an alternative, it has a lower diagnostic yield than NP sampling. Nasal wash (NW) has a similar diagnostic yield to NP sampling, but is cumbersome to perform. In this study, we introduce a 3D printed fluidic swab (3DPFS) that enables easy NW sampling for COVID-19 testing with improved diagnostic yield. The 3DPFS comprises a swab head, microchannel, and socket that can be connected to a syringe containing 250 µL of NW solution. The 3DPFS efficiently collects nasal fluid from the surface of the nasal cavity, resulting in higher sensitivity than CS for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This was confirmed by both reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and lateral flow assays (LFA) in virus-spiked nasal samples and clinical samples. Additionally, users reported greater comfort when using the 3DPFS compared to CS. These findings suggest that the 3DPFS can improve the performance of COVID-19 testing by facilitating efficient and less painful nasal sample collection.
Mechanical properties and curing kinetics of bio-based benzoxazine–epoxy copolymer for dental fiber post
Authors: Mora Phattarin , Rimdusit Sarawut , Karagiannidis Panagiotis , Srisorrachatr Ukrit , Jubsilp Chanchira 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBiocopolymers based on vanillin/fufurylamine–biobenzoxazine (V-fa) and epoxide castor oil (ECO), a bioepoxy, were prepared for application as dental fiber-reinforced composite post. The mechanical and thermal properties of the V-fa/ECO biocopolymers were assessed with regard to the influence of ECO content. The addition of the ECO at an amount of 20% by weight into the poly(V-fa) preserved the stiffness, glass transition temperature and thermal stability nearly to the poly(V-fa). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to examine the curing kinetics of the V-fa/ECO monomer system with different heating rates. To determine the activation energy (Ea), the experimental data were subjected to the isoconversional methods, namely Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) and Friedman (FR). The V-fa/ECO monomer mixture showed average Ea values of 105 kJ/mol and 94 kJ/mol. The results derived using the curing reaction model and the experimental data were in good agreement, demonstrating the efficacy of the FWO method for determining the curing kinetics parameters. The simulated mechanical response to external applied loads by finite-element analysis of the tooth model restored with glass fiber-reinforced V-fa/ECO biocopolymer post showed a similar stress field to the tooth model restored with a commercial glass fiber post. Therefore, based on the findings in this work, it is evident that the bio-based benzoxazine/epoxy copolymer possesses a great potential to be used for dental fiber post.
Graphical Abstract
The hymenopterous parasitoids of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), on cruciferous vegetables in Delhi, India
Authors: Saleh Hager M. M. , Dey Debjani , Tomar Bhoopal Singh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a serious and economically important pest of crucifers in Delhi, India. Larvae and pupae of the pest were collected from the cabbage, cauliflower and broccoli crops grown in vegetable fields at the farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi-110012, from December 2021 to June 2022. The larvae and pupae of the pest were transferred to the laboratory and reared for emergence of parasitoids’ adults at 25 ± 0.5 °C and RH 70 ± 5%.

Results
Four parasitoid species were emerged, viz. Apanteles mohandasi Sumodan & Narendran 1990, Cotesia vestalis (Haliday, 1834), Diadegma insulare (Cresson, 1865) and Diadromus collaris (Gravenhorst, 1829). Among them, A. mohandasi, C. vestalis and D. collaris were reported for the first time in Delhi, whereas D. insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) is recorded here for the first time in India. Additionally, the first record of parasitism by A. mohandasi on P. xylostella from Delhi was established. The highest parasitism percentage was that of C. vestalis and D. collaris. Moreover, higher parasitism rate was recorded during May 2022 in organically cultivated fields. The parasitism percentage by A. mohandasi, C. vestalis, D. insulare and D. collaris was 7.5, 22.5, 12.5 and 15%, respectively. Conversely, in conventionally farmed fields, the parasitism rates were 3.57, 16.67, 10 and 13.33%, respectively.

Conclusion
The use of biological control agents particularly the parasitoids in the IPM program of P. xylostella should be considered, thereby reducing reliance on insecticides and increasing the efficacy of hymenopteran parasitoids.
A learning-based approach to fault detection and fault-tolerant control of permanent magnet DC motors
Authors: Sardashti Abolghasem , Nazari Jamal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the context of Industry 4.0, which prioritizes intelligent and efficient solutions for industrial systems, this paper introduces an innovative methodology for fault detection and fault-tolerant control of DC motors. Leveraging the capabilities of machine learning and reinforcement learning, our approach aims to achieve optimal performance while maintaining a low computational burden. At the heart of our strategy lies a reinforcement learning-enhanced proportional-integral controller meticulously designed for precise positioning of DC motors. Through extensive comparative analysis, we establish the superiority of this controller in terms of precision, efficiency, and user accessibility when compared to traditional techniques. To ensure robust fault detection, we synergize a model-based observer with Mahalanobis distance-based outlier analysis, creating a swift and accurate diagnostic method for sensor faults. In cases of sensor malfunctions, an internal model-based control strategy comes into play, enabling the system to uphold its effectiveness despite disruptions. The effectiveness of our proposed methods is vividly demonstrated through simulations in the MATLAB environment, utilizing a DC motor subjected to sensor failures. The results unequivocally highlight the advantages of our approach, showcasing improved precision, faster operation, cost-effectiveness, and streamlined simplicity. As such, our approach finds suitability for industrial applications. In our quest to strike a delicate balance between performance and complexity, our techniques are purposefully crafted to provide intelligent yet pragmatic solutions that promote reliability, safety, and sustainability. This paper contributes to the evolving landscape of intelligent industrial solutions by offering a comprehensive framework that optimizes performance while minimizing complexity and costs. In doing so, we lay the foundation for a more efficient and resilient industrial ecosystem.
Safety of Antenatal Predniso(lo)ne and Dexamethasone on Fetal, Neonatal and Childhood Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Slob Elise M A , Termote Jacqueline U M , Nijkamp Janna W , van der Kamp Hetty J , van den Akker Erica L T 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Context
Due to ethical considerations, antenatal dose finding for prednisolone and dexamethasone in pregnant women is limited, leading to a knowledge gap.

Objective
In order to guide the clinician in weighing benefits vs risks, the aim is to systematically review the current literature on the side effects of antenatal predniso(lo)ne and dexamethasone use on the fetus, newborn, and (pre)pubertal child.

Evidence Acquisition
The search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase using prespecified keywords and Medical Subject Headings. This systematic review investigated studies published until August 2022, with the following inclusion criteria: studies were conducted in humans and assessed side effects of long-term antenatal predniso(lo)ne and dexamethasone use during at least one of the trimesters on the child during the fetal period, neonatal phase, and during childhood.

Evidence Synthesis
In total, 328 papers in PubMed and 193 in Embase were identified. Fifteen studies were eligible for inclusion. Seven records were added through references. Antenatal predniso(lo)ne use may be associated with lower gestational age, but was not associated with miscarriages and stillbirths, congenital abnormalities, differences in blood pressure or low blood glucose levels at birth, or with low bone mass, long-term elevated cortisol and cortisone, or high blood pressure at prepubertal age. Increased risks of antenatal dexamethasone use include association with miscarriages and stillbirths, and from age 16 years, associations with disturbed insulin secretion and higher glucose and cholesterol levels.

Conclusions
Based on the limited evidence found, predniso(lo)ne may have less side effects compared with dexamethasone in short- and long-term outcomes. Current literature shows minimal risk of side effects in the newborn from administration of a prenatal predniso(lo)ne dose of up to 10 mg per day.
The sequencing of the key genes and end products in the TLR4 signaling pathway from the kidney of Rana dybowskii exposed to Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Wang Boju , Shao Jie , Qu Lili , Xu Qing , Zheng Dong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by Aeromonas hydrophila (AH) have reduced the populations of Rana dybowskii). However, little is known about the immune response of R. dybowskii against AH infections. The toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway has been identified as a critical component in innate immunity, responsible for identifying pathogen-associated molecular patterns in pathogens. Our study used the next-generation sequencing technique and single-molecule long-read sequencing to determine the structures of transcript isoforms and functions of genes in the kidneys of R. dybowskii, as well as identify and validate the related genes in the TLR4 signaling pathway. In total, 628,774 reads of inserts were identified, including 300,053 full-length non-chimeric reads and 233,592 non-full-length reads. Among the transcriptome sequences, 124 genes were identified as homologs of known genes in the TLR4 pathway especially inflammatory cytokines and receptors. Our findings shed light on the structures and functions of R. dybowskii genes exposed to AH and confirm the presence of both MyD88-dependent and independent pathways in R. dybowskii. Our work reveals how various functional proteins in amphibians at the initial stage of immune response are activated and complete their corresponding functions in a short time.
Code-Switching in reichsbürgerlichen Texten. Eine Fallstudie am Beispiel der Reichsbürger-Organisation S.H.A.E.F.
Authors: Schuppener Georg 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Der Beitrag untersucht, welche Rolle Code-Switching in Texten von Reichsbürgern spielt. Untersuchungsgrundlage dafür ist ein Korpus von 249 Texten, die aus der Internet-Domäne s-h-a-e-f.de entnommen sind. Zunächst wird dieses Korpus näher beschrieben, danach wird quantitativ ausgewertet, wie viele dieser Texte Code-Switching aufweisen. Dabei zeigt sich, dass in mehr als einem Drittel der Texte Code-Switching nachweisbar ist. Bei der näheren Betrachtung der betreffenden Texte wird deutlich, dass ein Teil der Fälle von Code-Switching auf Probleme bei der (automatischen) Übersetzung US-amerikanischer Textvorlagen zurückzuführen ist. Diese Texte wurden von der weiteren Untersuchung ausgeschlossen. Bei den verbleibenden Texten ließ sich in vielen Fällen feststellen, dass Code-Switching an exponierten Positionen auftritt. Dies lässt darauf schließen, dass Code-Switching hier für die Erregung von Aufmerksamkeit, aber auch für die Betonung von Authentizität und Internationalität eingesetzt wird. Weitere Belege für die Nutzung von Code-Switching lassen sich auf die üblichen Funktionen von Code-Switching zurückführen, wie z.B. Ausfüllen eines Bezeichnungsbedarfes, Erklärung, Glaubhaftmachung der eigenen Aussagen usw. Darüber hinaus kann nachgewiesen werden, dass Code-Switching auch gezielt eingesetzt wird, um die ideologischen Botschaften der Reichsbürger (insbesondere die Ablehnung der staatlichen Existenz der Bundesrepublik Deutschland) zu unterstützen.
Improved modeling of Janus membrane considering the influence of hydrophilic layer characteristics
Authors: Sayed Noha M. , Noby H. , Thu Kyaw , El-Shazly A. H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Some of the previous investigations neglect the mass transfer contribution of the hydrophilic layer for modeling the Janus membrane that is used for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). This work studies the impact of adding such resistance on the performance of the DCMD, especially on the temperature polarization coefficient (TPC), thermal efficiency, and permeate flux. The commercial software Ansys 2020 was used to describe the transport behavior through the Janus membrane. The bulk-flow model was employed to evaluate the permeate flow through the hydrophilic layer for the first time. Simulation results were compared with the experimental results from the literature for validating the model, and a satisfactory agreement was found. Results demonstrated that the permeate flux increased by about 61.3 % with changing the porosity of the hydrophilic layer from 0.5 to 0.9 for the membrane with the lowest hydrophilic layer thickness. Moreover, the thermal conductivities of both layers contribute significantly to the DCMD’s overall performance enhancement. Vapour flux might be enhanced by increasing the hydrophilic layer’s thermal conductivity while decreasing the hydrophobic layer’s thermal conductivity. Finally, the DCMD thermal efficiency was investigated, for the first time, in terms of both layer characteristics.
A pan-cancer analysis of STAT3 expression and genetic alterations in human tumors
Authors: Tan Junyin , Feng Ronghao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Combined cancer immunotherapy and targeted therapy have proven to be effective against various cancers and therefore have recently become the focus of cancer research. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a member of the STAT protein family of transcription factors. Several studies have shown that STAT3 can affect the prognosis of cancer patients by regulating immune microenvironment (IME). Therefore, STAT3 may have high research value for the development of combined immunotherapy/targeted therapy approaches for the treatment of cancer patients. We found differences in STAT3 expression between tumor and normal tissues. Kaplan−Meier survival and Cox regression analyses showed that high expression of STAT3 is associated with poor prognosis in low-grade glioma (LGG) patients. The results of the analysis of the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve further suggested that the expression of STAT3 is an effective way to evaluate the prognosis of patients with glioma. The results of the IME analysis revealed that the immune and matrix scores of LGGs were positively correlated with the expression of STAT3 (P < 0.05). The results of immune cell infiltration analysis showed that STAT3 was positively correlated with resting dendritic cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, CD4 memory resting T cells, and CD8 T cells in LGG patients, but negatively correlated with activated mast cells and M2 macrophages (P < 0.05). Our gene set enrichment analysis identified 384 enriched pathways. According to the enrichment scores, the top ten most significantly upregulated pathways were related to immune response. The top ten most significantly downregulated pathways were related to cell signal transduction and the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism. Genetic alteration analysis showed that missense mutations in STAT3 account for the majority of mutations, and STAT3 mutations mostly occur in the Src homology domain. In conclusion overexpression of STAT3 can promote the development and growth of tumors by regulating IME, which is significantly related to the poor prognosis of cancer patients. Therefore, targeted inhibition of STAT3 expression may have high research value for the development of combined immunotherapy/targeted therapy approaches for the treatment of cancer patients.
Mechanical analysis of composite plates adhesively joined with different single-lap techniques under bending loading
Authors: Sülü İsmail Yasin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, composite plates adhesively joined using single-lap joint without intermediated material (SLJ) and intermediated material (IM-SLJ) subject to bending loading were investigated via finite element analysis. DP 410 type adhesive was used. Composite parts and intermediate material were preferred as T700 carbon/epoxy. Numerical analyses were carried out using ANSYS 14.5 software package, in which the finite element method was taken into account. Failure situations for adhesive and composites were examined by the von-Mises failure criteria and the Tsai-wu failure criteria, respectively. Firstly, the failure loads for each parameter situation were determined. The equivalent stresses of the critical stress lines on adhesive layers were examined and critical stresses line were determined for length and width of adhesive layers. Shear, normal, and von-Mises stresses were investigated at obtained failure load for each parameter of SLJ and IM-SLJ. The von-Mises on the critical stress lines were compared for different overlap width and length of SLJ and IM-SLJ. The effects of joint techniques, orientation angles, and overlap dimensional were investigated on adhesive layer, and joint techniques were compared about advantages. A different study from the literature was carried out to compare the mechanical behavior of SLJ and IM-SLJ joining techniques.