bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study On The Pathogenesis Of Post-Stroke Shoulder Pain Based On The
Characteristics Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-A Retrospective
Study
Authors: Yu Wenjuan , Wang Luoluo , Li Yige , Tao Shuwei , Li Qingrui , Zhu Mingyue 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background High morbidity has been proved frequently happened in
post-stroke shoulder pain (PSSP), but the specific pathogenesis of PSSP still
remains unclear. Therefore, further research needs to be done to investigate
this field.
Objective The aim of this study which reviewed the features of magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) on shoulder joint of patients with PSSP, is to find the
consequence of pathogenesis.
Methods This study starts from June 2017 to August 2021, 74 PSSP patients
who accepted MRI examination were selected in the Department of rehabilitation
medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
(inpatient and outpatient). This study sorted out and summarized
patients’ MRI characteristics, analyzing differences of MRI appearance
according to age, gender, hemiplegic side, stroke type and onset time.
Results After examining all PSSP patients’ MRI characteristics,
this study found 56 (75.67%) had supraspinatus tendon injury, 11
(14.86%) infraspinatus tendon injury, 24 (32.43%) subscapular
tendon injury, 2 (2.7%) teres minor tendon injury, 60 (81.08%)
tendon sheath effusion (inflammation) of long head of biceps brachii, 23
(31.08%) humeral head bone marrow edema and 64 (86.49%) shoulder
joint capsule effusion. Moreover, there were 6 cases of acromial descending sac
effusion (8.11%), 11 cases of coracoid descending sac effusion
(14.86%), 8 cases of synovial thickening (10.81%), and 1 case of
ossifying myositis (1.35%).
Conclusion No significant differences were found in MRI features according
to gender and hemiplegic side .The results showed the injury of supraspinatus
tendon significantly increased in the older group compared to the younger group
(P=0.039).The patients with supraspinatus tendon injury and tendon
sheath effusion (inflammation) of long head of biceps brachii have higher
cerebral infarction than patients with cerebral hemorrhage (P=0.002,
P=0.028). Based on the time of onset, the participants were divided into
three groups: within 1 month, 1–3 months and more than 3 months. The
results suggested significant differences in humeral head bone marrow edema and
shoulder joint capsule effusion numbers among the three groups (P=0.049,
P=0.002). The results of this research could help to improve the
accuracy of clinical diagnosis and treatment of PSSP, putting forward a more
reasonable treatment scheme.
Establishing a Cutoff Serum Thyroglobulin Value for the Diagnosis and Management of Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Paudel Jiwan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to define a cutoff serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level associated with either residual or metastasis that may help decide postoperative radioactive iodine (RAI) scan and treatment in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients residing in low-income countries like Nepal.
Methods We prospectively studied a total of 81 patients (female-to-male ratio of 3.0:1; mean age: 37.3 ± 14.0 years, within age range of 14–88 years) who underwent total thyroidectomy with/without neck dissection and were referred for RAI whole-body scan (WBS) ± RAI ablation or adjuvant treatment in the department of Nuclear Medicine, Chitwan Medical College. We calculated the cutoff value of Tg using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results Forty-six of 81 patients (56.7%) had remnants in the thyroid bed, 26/81 (32.1%) had regional lymph node metastasis, 9/81 (11.1%) had distant lymph node metastasis, 3/81 (3.7%) had lung metastases, and only 1/81 (1.2%) had bone metastases. RAI WBS was positive in 61/81 (75.3%) patients and negative in 20/81 (24.7%) patients. Seventeen of 81 (20.9%) patients had negative RAI scans with low serum Tg levels; only 3/81 (3.7%) patients had Tg elevated negative RAI scan (TENIS). Although scan was positive in 61/81 (75.3%) patients, 64/81 (79.0%) patients received treatment with RAI, of which 3/81 (3.7%) patients were TENIS patients. There was a significant difference in serum Tg levels between patients who received or did not receive RAI ablation or treatment (p < 0.05). On ROC curve analysis, the cutoff value of Tg levels between patients who received and did not receive treatment was 2.9 ng/mL (sensitivity: 85.9%; specificity: 94.1%; positive predictive value [PPV], 98.2%; negative predictive value [NPV]: 64.0%; AUC: 0.938).
Conclusion We identified a cutoff value of 2.9 ng/mL between patients who required or did not require treatment with high sensitivity, specificity, and PPVs.
A Broader Vision for Homeopathy: Medicine Needs Healing, and Homeopathy Has a Part to Play
Authors: Swayne Jeremy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe controversial claim that homeopathic medicines actively stimulate the innate capacity of body and mind for healing and repair demands continuing and energetic investigation. But regardless of the outcome of this scientific controversy, the reported changes associated with applying the homeopathic method are matters of clinical fact. There is thus a case to be made that the homeopathic approach, the way that it studies and construes the experience of illness in individual patients, enriches our understanding of health, illness and healing; and is itself an essential contribution that homeopathy can make to the advancement of medicine. Practitioners and researchers involved in homeopathy can, and should, be more energetic and forceful in making that case.
Validated ultraviolet high-performance liquid chromatography method for post-mortem 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid measurement in human cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Bhushan Divya , Yadav Jayanthi , Arora Arneet , Agrawal Dhruv , Apte Achala 
Published: September 2023

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to develop an ultraviolet high-performance liquid chromatography (UV-HPLC) method for the measurement of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a potential biomarker for neurological and psychiatric illnesses, including depressive disorders with suicidal behavior.

Materials and Methods:
The study utilized CSF samples from individuals brought for medicolegal autopsy. The 5-HIAA concentration was measured using a UV-HPLC method with three mobile-phase solvents. The most effective mobile phase solvent was then used to measure 5-HIAA in the CSF samples.
The materials used in the study included CSF samples obtained from individuals brought for medico-legal autopsy, UV-HPLC equipment, and mobile phase solvents, including 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (Merck/sigma), acetonitrile, concentrated formic acid, concentrated acetic acid, methanol, and phosphoric acid.

Statistical Analysis:
This was done using R Studio (version 4.2.0).

Results:
The study found that the UV-HPLC method utilizing formic acid (0.05–0.1%): acetonitrile in a 1:9 as mobile phase was the most effective for measuring 5-HIAA in human CSF. The method exhibited excellent linearity, accuracy, and precision.

Conclusion:
The study concludes that the developed UV-HPLC method is reliable and effective for measuring 5-HIAA in human CSF. Measuring 5-HIAA levels in CSF can serve as a potential biomarker for neurological and psychiatric illnesses, including depressive disorders with suicidal behavior. This method is promising for clinical and forensic practice to diagnose suicidal cases. Further research is needed to determine the clinical significance of these findings and the potential for broader application in psychiatry. This article helps to give a practical, cost-effective methodology to detect CSF 5-HIAA.
A fresh class of superconducting and hard pentaborides
Authors: Xie Hui , Wang Hong , Qin Fang , Han Wei , Wang Suxin , Wang Youchun , Tian Fubo , Duan Defang 
Published: September 2023

On the basis of the current theoretical understanding of boron-based hard superconductors under ambient conditions, numerous studies have been conducted with the aim of developing superconducting materials with favorable mechanical properties using boron-rich compounds. In this paper, first-principles calculations reveal the existence of an unprecedented family of tetragonal pentaborides MB5 (M = Na, K, Rb, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, and Y), comprising B20 cages and centered metal atoms acting as stabilizers and electron donors to the boron sublattice. These compounds exhibit both superconductivity and high hardness, with the maximum superconducting transition temperature Tc of 18.6 K being achieved in RbB5 and the peak Vickers hardness Hv of 35.1 GPa being achieved in KB5 at 1 atm. The combination of these properties is particularly evident in KB5, RbB5, and BaB5, with Tc values of ∼14.7, 18.6, and 16.3 K and Hv values of ∼35.1, 32.4, and 33.8 GPa, respectively. The results presented here reveal that pentaborides can provide a framework for exploring and designing novel superconducting materials with favorable hardness at achievable pressures and even under ambient conditions.
Frustrated magnetism of the spin-1 kagome antiferromagnet β-BaNi3(VO4)2(OH)2
Authors: Li Boqiang , Wan Zongtang , Song Yiru , Ma Zhaohua , Zhao Yuqian , Wang Junfeng , Li Yuesheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We propose the newly synthesized β-BaNi3(VO4)2(OH)2 (space group:

R

3
‾

m

) as a candidate for the spin-1 kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet (KHA). The compound features a uniform kagome lattice of Ni2+ (S = 1) ions with a large interlayer distance. High-field measurements at low temperatures reveal a susceptibility local minimum at ∼9 T, resembling a 1/3 magnetization plateau as predicted by the pure S = 1 KHA model. Below ∼6 K, approximately 1% of the spins exhibit spin-glass order, which may be attributed to the nanocrystalline grain size of ∼50 nm. Despite the antiferromagnetic exchange coupling strength of ∼7 K, the majority of spins remain disordered down to ∼0.1 K as indicated by the observed power-law behaviors in magnetic specific heat

C

m

∝

T

1.4

. Our results demonstrate that the low-energy magnetic excitations in β-BaNi3(VO4)2(OH)2 are gapless, which contradicts the current theoretical expectations of the ideal model.
Elucidating the capacitive behavior of Gd-doped BNT-BKT-BT electrodes in All-in-One supercapacitor devices
Authors: Buldu-Akturk Merve , Kemal Gozuacik Namik , Hasan Aleinawi Mohamad , Rostas Arpad Mihai , Alkoy Sedat , Mensur Ebru , Erdem Emre 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-Bi0.5K0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 (BNT-BKT-BT) ceramics having various amounts of Gd-ions were synthesized via the solid-state reaction method. The electrochemical performance analysis of the Gd-doped BNT-BKT-BT ceramics has shown that the doping amount considerably impacts the BNT-BKT-BT electrode’s electrochemical performance. The analysis of the defect centers was carried out using EPR spectroscopy. The samples showed paramagnetic defects in the EPR analysis. The 0.001 mol% Gd-doped BNT-BKT-BT showed a maximum signal intensity with partly resolved hyperfine lines, reaching the highest specific capacitance value of 612 Fg−1. The EPR results were compared with the prototype BaTiO3 perovskite ceramic and concluded that the BNT-BKT-BT system has an extremely large strain, which hinders determining the spin-Hamiltonian parameters such as crystal field and hyperfine due to inhomogeneous line broadenings.
Analog and mixed circuit analysis of nanosheet FET at elevated temperatures
Authors: N Aruna Kumari , V Bharath Sreenivasulu , Singh Jawar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, for the first time, the performance of 3D Nanosheet FETs (NSFETs) is reported in the inversion (INV), accumulation (ACC), and junctionless (JL) modes at elevated temperatures. It is observed that, as the temperature increases from 25 °C to 200 °C, a decrement of 68% in mobility is observed for INV mode. In contrast, an increment of around 29% in mobility is observed for ACC and JL modes owing to the less scattering effects. Various crucial DC and analog/RF figures of merit (FOMs), such as SS, DIBL, gm, f
T, etc, are assessed for different temperatures in all three modes. Further, the impact of temperature on circuit performance is demonstrated. From the circuit analyses, at 25 °C, an increment of around 12% in propagation delay is noticed for the JL and ACC mode inverter compared to the INV mode inverter due to higher I
ON for INV mode. However, at 200 °C, JL inverter outperforms INV and ACC modes because of an increment in mobility. Moreover, for ring oscillator (RO), an oscillation frequency of 43.39 GHz, 38.9 GHz and 38.8 GHz for INV, ACC and JL mode ROs at 25 °C, whereas oscillation frequencies of 27.08 GHz, 39.2 GHz and 42.88 GHz are noticed for INV, ACC and JL mode ROs at 200 °C respectively. Though JL NSFET offers less intrinsic capacitances, at 25 °C, the frequency of oscillations (f
osc) is high for INV mode because of higher I
ON. Whereas, at 200 °C, the JL mode outperforms due to the absence of mobility degradation with temperature. These results will give an understanding of this future generation device at both device and circuit levels.
Verifiable anonymous quantum communication with authentication based on d-level single-particle states
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Mu Qingxia , Wang Qingle , Li Guodong , Zhang Zhichao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Anonymous quantum communication (AQC) enables the secure transmission of classical and quantum messages while preserving the anonymity of the sender, receiver, or both. Qudits, quantum states with more advantages than qubits in terms of information transmission rate and eavesdropping detection, offer promising capabilities. In this paper, we propose a verifiable AQC (VAQC) protocol utilizing d-level single-particle states, establishing anonymous entanglement between a public sender and an anonymous receiver. By using quantum teleportation, the public sender can transmit private information to his/her chosen anonymous receiver. The verifiable function of the proposed protocol guarantees the legitimacy of all participants’ identities and verifies the correctness of the anonymous entanglement. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the proposed VAQC protocol satisfies the requirements of correctness, anonymity, and security. The proposed VAQC protocol exhibits extensibility and can be extended to enable private communication between an anonymous sender and an anonymous receiver, as well as anonymous entanglement among multiple participants. This work lays the foundation for practical applications in achieving d-level anonymous entanglement and anonymous transmission of qudits.
Evaluation of susceptor-assisted microwave-sintering-produced Al-Y2O3 composite material's compression and reciprocating wear performance
Authors: Bhoi Neeraj Kumar , Singh Harpreet 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The manufacturing of a composite material out of aluminium (Al) and yttrium oxide (Y2O3) was achieved via the use of the microwave hybrid sintering method, which is an energy-efficient and eco-friendly production process. Compression and dry reciprocating wear tests are conducted on the manufactured material to learn more about the function of reinforcing particles in composites. The exothermic temperature marginally shifts (1 °C) when Y2O3 reinforcement is added to the Al matrix. The average micro hardness of composites with 2 wt.% Y2O3 is 43 Hv, which is an improvement over the previous value of 36 Hv. In addition, the composite material’s compressive strength improved by 38.78% in comparison to that of Al. In a dry reciprocating wear test, the composite material with 2 wt% Y2O3 nanoparticle showed a reduction in mass loss of 20%. The even distribution of reinforcing components throughout the material and the advent of intermetallic Al3Y in composites are likely responsible for this.
A dark matter probe in accreting pulsar-black hole binaries
Authors: Akil Ali , Ding Qianhang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The accretion of dark matter (DM) into astrophysical black holes slowly increases their
mass. The rate of this mass accretion depends on the DM model and the model parameters. If this
mass accretion effect can be measured accurately enough, it is possible to rule out some DM
models, and, with the sufficient technology and the help of other DM constraints, possibly confirm
one model. We propose a DM probe based on accreting pulsar-black hole binaries, which provide a
high-precision measurement on binary orbital phase shifts induced by DM accretion into black
holes, and can help rule out DM models and study the nature of DM.
Optimized loading of ultracold Cs atoms in a magnetic levitated optical dipole trap
Authors: Feng Guosheng , Qiao Zhixing , Yin Tao , Wu Jizhou , Zhang Hui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We presented a comprehensive study of optimized loading of ultracold Cs atoms in a magnetic levitated crossed dipole trap. Moreover, we analyzed the optimized experimental parameters of the dipole laser for the opening time and the power intensity prior to switching on the magnetic field which formed the magnetically levitated dipole trap. The number of atoms as the function of sweep time from distinct laser power intensity to a fixed one is measured. And beyond that, the variation of atoms with the dipole laser power intensity per beam was studied experimentally ranging from 0 W cm−2 to a fixed one for loading the dipole trap, and the number of atoms can be increased up to a maximum of ∼1.67 × 106. Our research demonstrates that the ‘pre-loading process’ plays a crucial role in enhancing the loading efficiency of an optical dipole trap.
Tackling policy leakage and targeting hotspots could be key to addressing the ‘Wicked’ challenge of nutrient pollution from corn production in the U.S.
Authors: Liu Jing , Bowling Laura , Kucharik Christopher , Jame Sadia , Baldos Uris , Jarvis Larissa , Ramankutty Navin , Hertel Thomas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Reducing nutrient loss from agriculture to improve water quality requires a combination of management practices. However, it has been unclear what pattern of mitigation is likely to emerge from different policies, individually and combined, and the consequences for local and national land use and farm returns. We address this research gap by constructing an integrated multi-scale framework for evaluating alternative nitrogen loss management policies for corn production in the US. This approach combines site- and practice-specific agro-ecosystem processes with a grid-resolving economic model to identify locations that can be prioritized to increase the economic efficiency of the policies. We find that regional measures, albeit effective in reducing local nitrogen loss, can displace corn production to the area where nitrogen fertilizer productivity is low and nutrient loss rate is high, thereby offsetting the overall effectiveness of the nutrient management strategy. This spatial spillover effect can be suppressed by implementing the partial measures in tandem with nationwide policies. Wetland restoration combined with split fertilizer application, along with a nitrogen loss tax could reduce nitrate nitrogen loss to the Mississippi River by 30% while only increasing corn prices by less than 2%.
Exploring the environmental drivers of vegetation seasonality changes in the northern extratropical latitudes: a quantitative analysis
*
Authors: Kong Xiangxu , Mao Jiafu , Chen Haishan , Wang Yaoping , Zhang Yulong , Shi Xiaoying , Jin Mingzhou 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Vegetation seasonality in the northern extratropical latitudes (NEL) has changed dramatically, but our understanding of how it responds to climate change (e.g. temperature, soil moisture, shortwave radiation) and human activities (e.g. elevated CO2 concentration) remains insufficient. In this study, we used two remote-sensing-based leaf area index and factorial simulations from the TRENDY models to attribute the changes in the integrated vegetation seasonality index (S), which captures both the concentration and magnitude of vegetation growth throughout the year, to climate, CO2, and land use and land cover change (LULCC). We found that from 2003 to 2020, the enhanced average S in the NEL (MODIS: 0.0022 yr−1, p < 0.05; GLOBMAP: 0.0018 yr−1, p < 0.05; TRENDY S3 [i.e. the scenario considering both time-varying climate, CO2, and LULCC]: 0.0011 ± 7.5174 × 10−4 yr−1, p < 0.05) was primarily determined by the elevated CO2 concentration (5.3 × 10−4 ± 3.8 × 10−4 yr−1, p < 0.05) and secondly controlled by the combined climate change (4.6 × 10−4 ± 6.6 × 10−4 yr−1, p > 0.1). Geographically, negative trends in the vegetation growth concentration were dominated by climate change (31.4%), while both climate change (47.9%) and CO2 (31.9%) contributed to the enhanced magnitude of vegetation growth. Furthermore, around 60% of the study areas showed that simulated major climatic drivers of S variability exhibited the same dominant factor as observed in either the MODIS or GLOBMAP data. Our research emphasizes the crucial connection between environmental factors and vegetation seasonality, providing valuable insights for policymakers and land managers in developing sustainable ecosystem management strategies amidst a changing climate.
A dynamic capillarity equation with stochastic forcing on manifolds: A singular limit problem
Authors: Karlsen Kenneth , Kunzinger Michael , Mitrovic Darko 
Published: September 2023

We consider a dynamic capillarity equation with stochastic forcing on a compact Riemannian manifold

(
M
,
g
)

(M,g)

:

d

(

u

ε
,
δ

−
δ
Δ

u

ε
,
δ

)

+
d
i
v

f

ε

(

x

,

u

ε
,
δ

)

d
t
=
ε
Δ

u

ε
,
δ

d
t
+
Φ
(

x

,

u

ε
,
δ

)

d

W
t

,

\begin{equation*} d \left (u_{\varepsilon ,\delta } -\delta \Delta u_{\varepsilon ,\delta }\right ) +div\mathfrak {f}_{\varepsilon }(\mathbf {x}, u_{\varepsilon ,\delta })\, dt =\varepsilon \Delta u_{\varepsilon ,\delta }\, dt + \Phi (\mathbf {x}, u_{\varepsilon ,\delta })\, dW_t, \end{equation*}

where

f

ε

\mathfrak {f}_{\varepsilon }

is a sequence of smooth vector fields converging in

L
p

(
M
×

R

)

L^p(M\times \mathbb {R})

(

p
>
2

p>2

) as

ε
↓
0

\varepsilon \downarrow 0

towards a vector field

f

∈

L
p

(
M
;

C
1

(

R

)
)

\mathfrak {f}\in L^p(M;C^1(\mathbb {R}))

, and

W
t

W_t

is a Wiener process defined on a filtered probability space. First, for fixed values of

ε
\varepsilon

and

δ
\delta

, we establish the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions to the Cauchy problem for the above-stated equation. Assuming that

f

\mathfrak {f}

is non-degenerate and that

ε
\varepsilon

and

δ
\delta

tend to zero with

δ

/

ε
2

\delta /\varepsilon ^2

bounded, we show that there exists a subsequence of solutions that strongly converges in

L

ω
,
t
,

x

1

L^1_{\omega ,t,\mathbf {x}}

to a martingale solution of the following stochastic conservation law with discontinuous flux:

d
u
+
d
i
v

f

(

x

,
u
)

d
t
=
Φ
(
u
)

d

W
t

.

\begin{equation*} d u +div\mathfrak {f}(\mathbf {x}, u)\,dt =\Phi (u)\, dW_t. \end{equation*}

The proofs make use of Galerkin approximations, kinetic formulations as well as

H
H

-measures and new velocity averaging results for stochastic continuity equations. The analysis relies on the use of a.s. representations of random variables in some particular quasi-Polish spaces. The convergence framework developed here can be applied to other singular limit problems for stochastic conservation laws.