bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEYNOTE‐033: Randomized phase 3 study of pembrolizumab vs docetaxel in previously treated, PD‐L1‐positive, advanced NSCLC
Authors: Ren Shengxiang , Feng Jifeng , Ma Shenglin , Chen HuaJun , Ma Zhiyong , Huang Cheng , Zhang Li , He Jianxing , Wang Changli , Zhou Jianying , Danchaivijitr Pongwut , Wang Chin‐Chou , Vynnychenko Ihor , Wang Kai , Orlandi Francisco , Sriuranpong Virote , Li Ben , Ge Jun , Dang Thao , Zhou Caicun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractKEYNOTE‐033 (NCT02864394) was a multicountry, open‐label, phase 3 study that compared pembrolizumab vs docetaxel in previously treated, programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1)‐positive, advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with most patients enrolled in mainland China. Eligible patients were randomized (1:1) to pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg or docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival and were evaluated sequentially using stratified log‐rank tests, first in patients with PD‐L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥50% and then in patients with PD‐L1 TPS ≥1% (significance threshold: P < .025, one‐sided). A total of 425 patients were randomized to pembrolizumab (N = 213) or docetaxel (N = 212) between 8 September 2016 and 17 October 2018. In patients with a PD‐L1 TPS ≥50% (n = 227), median OS was 12.3 months with pembrolizumab and 10.9 months with docetaxel; the hazard ratio (HR) was 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61‐1.14; P = .1276). Because the significance threshold was not met, sequential testing of OS and PFS was ceased. In patients with a PD‐L1 TPS ≥1%, the HR for OS for pembrolizumab vs docetaxel was 0.75 (95% CI: 0.60‐0.95). In patients from mainland China (n = 311) with a PD‐L1 TPS ≥1%, HR for OS was 0.68 (95% CI: 0.51‐0.89). Incidence of grade 3 to 5 treatment‐related AEs was 11.3% with pembrolizumab vs 47.5% with docetaxel. In summary, pembrolizumab improved OS vs docetaxel in previously treated, PD‐L1‐positive NSCLC without unexpected safety signals; although the statistical significance threshold was not reached, the numerical improvement is consistent with that previously observed for pembrolizumab in previously treated, advanced NSCLC.
Nationwide Trends in Osteoporosis in Koreans With Disabilities From 2008 to 2017
Authors: Kim Ji Hyoun , Kim So Young , Park Jong Eun , Kim Hyo Jong , Jeon Hyun Jeong , Kim Yeon Yong , Park Jong‐Hyock 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThis study examined the 10‐year trends in the prevalence of osteoporosis according to disability grade and type compared with those without disabilities in South Korea. We linked national disability registration data with the National Health Insurance claims data. Age‐ and sex‐standardized prevalence of osteoporosis were analyzed from 2008 to 2017 according to sex, disability type, and disability grade. Adjusted odds ratios for osteoporosis according to disability characteristics in the most recent years' data were also confirmed by multivariate analysis. Over the past decade, the prevalence of osteoporosis has increased in people with disabilities compared with people without disabilities, and the gap has gradually widened from 7% to 15%. By analysis of the most recent year data, both male and female individuals with disabilities had a higher risk of osteoporosis than those without disability (odds ratios [OR] 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.70–1.73 in males; OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.27–1.28 in females); the multivariate‐adjusted OR was especially prominent in disability related to respiratory disease (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.93–2.21 in males; OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.60–1.90 in females), epilepsy (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.78–2.61 in males; OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.53–1.91 in females), and physical disability types (OR 2.09, 95% CI 2.06–2.21 in males; OR 1.70; 95% CI 1.69–1.71 in females). In conclusion, the prevalence and risk of osteoporosis have increased in people with disabilities in Korea. In particular, the risk of osteoporosis increases significantly in people with respiratory diseases, epilepsy, and physical disability types. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Bi‐tailed N‐cationic surfactant promoted green synthesis of 2‐amino‐5‐oxo‐4‐alkyl‐4,5‐dihydropyrano[3,2‐c]chromene‐3‐carbonitrile derivatives via multicomponent reaction
Authors: Parthiban Devendiran 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDiversely functionalized 2‐amino‐5‐oxo‐4‐alkyl‐4,5‐dihydropyrano[3,2‐c]chromene‐3‐carbonitrile derivatives were synthesized from substituted aromatic aldehydes, 4‐hydroxy coumarin and malononitrile using benzethonium chloride as an easily available, less explored green catalyst and 1:4 (EtOH:H2O) as a green solvent via multicomponent reaction. All the products were thoroughly characterized by infrared (IR), 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, and mass spectral analyses. Synthesized compounds were screened rule of five for drug‐likeness and green matrix properties.
Current Understanding of the Anatomy, Physiology, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Neurofluids: Update From the 2022 “ISMRM Imaging Neurofluids Study group” Workshop in Rome
Authors: Agarwal Nivedita , Lewis Laura D. , Hirschler Lydiane , Rivera Leonardo Rivera , Naganawa Shinji , Levendovszky Swati Rane , Ringstad Geir , Klarica Marijan , Wardlaw Joanna , Iadecola Costantino , Hawkes Cheryl , Carare Roxana Octavia , Wells Jack , Bakker Erik N.T.P. , Kurtcuoglu Vartan , Bilston Lynne , Nedergaard Maiken , Mori Yuki , Stoodley Marcus , Alperin Noam , de Leon Mony , van Osch Matthias J.P. 
Published: May 2023

Neurofluids is a term introduced to define all fluids in the brain and spine such as blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and interstitial fluid. Neuroscientists in the past millennium have steadily identified the several different fluid environments in the brain and spine that interact in a synchronized harmonious manner to assure a healthy microenvironment required for optimal neuroglial function. Neuroanatomists and biochemists have provided an incredible wealth of evidence revealing the anatomy of perivascular spaces, meninges and glia and their role in drainage of neuronal waste products. Human studies have been limited due to the restricted availability of noninvasive imaging modalities that can provide a high spatiotemporal depiction of the brain neurofluids. Therefore, animal studies have been key in advancing our knowledge of the temporal and spatial dynamics of fluids, for example, by injecting tracers with different molecular weights. Such studies have sparked interest to identify possible disruptions to neurofluids dynamics in human diseases such as small vessel disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and dementia. However, key differences between rodent and human physiology should be considered when extrapolating these findings to understand the human brain. An increasing armamentarium of noninvasive MRI techniques is being built to identify markers of altered drainage pathways. During the three‐day workshop organized by the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine that was held in Rome in September 2022, several of these concepts were discussed by a distinguished international faculty to lay the basis of what is known and where we still lack evidence. We envision that in the next decade, MRI will allow imaging of the physiology of neurofluid dynamics and drainage pathways in the human brain to identify true pathological processes underlying disease and to discover new avenues for early diagnoses and treatments including drug delivery.Evidence level: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 3
Can mass customization slow fast fashion down? The impact on time‐to‐disposal and willingness‐to‐pay
Authors: Alptekinoglu Aydin , Stadler Blank Ashley , Meloy Margaret G. , Guide V. Daniel R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe experimentally investigate whether mass customization enhances sustainability and firm outcomes in a fast fashion context. Fast fashion delivers fashion trends to consumers quickly and cheaply but has detrimental effects on the environment (e.g., waste accumulation, water pollution). To mitigate these harmful effects, we examine how different points of customer involvement in mass customization affect the anticipated number of months to product disposal and willingness‐to‐pay for mass‐customized products. We employ a series of experiments and find that consumer perceptions of the degree of customization increase as the point of customer involvement shifts upstream from Use to Assembly to Fabrication to Design and that the anticipated number of months to disposal and willingness‐to‐pay increase as the point of customer involvement shifts upstream to Design. We also find that the implementation of customer involvement in mass customization matters. Overall, these results provide evidence that mass customization via Design may not only help slow fast fashion down, which has major sustainability implications, but it may also present a win‐win opportunity for both the environment and firms (in terms of the bottom line—provided, of course, that it does not have any major cost disadvantages).
Kelvin's Tetrakaidecahedron as a Wigner–Seitz Cell Found in Spherically Microphase‐Separated BCC Lattice from AB Diblock Copolymer by Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Suzuki Jiro , Matsushita Yushu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetropolis Monte–Carlo simulation is carried out for microphase‐separated bulk state of AB diblock copolymers with various compositions. The distribution probability of end segments in long B‐block chain are explored to determine the Wigner–Seitz(WS) cells as primitive cells for four known periodic structures, lamellar‐, Gyroid‐, cylindrical‐, and spherical ones. The end segments are commonly turned to be localized at the several distinct far sites from the lattice points of WS cells for all morphologies investigated. Among them, when the fraction of A segments is 0.25, a hexagonal prism type column appears as a WS, while when the fraction is much lower at 0.1, body‐centered cubic(BCC) lattice is formed and its end segments are found to be localized at hexagonal frames and also on the six square faces of truncated octahedron or Kelvin's Tetrakaidecahedron(KT), which has rarely been found in real soft material ever. This achievement is strongly pointing that each micelle formed by self‐assembled diblock coplymers in bulk have essentially the framework of equivolume KT in real material systems.
The Influence of Zinc and Citrate on T Cell Activation and Differentiation in Mixed Lymphocyte Cultures
Authors: Weisenfeld Stefanie Ramona , Jakobs Jana , Rink Lothar 
Published: May 2023

ScopeZinc is important for a balanced immune system, but the mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated. One possibility is an interaction of zinc with the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), in which zinc inhibits the mitochondrial aconitase leading to an increase in intracellular citrate concentration as described for prostate cells. Therefore, the immune modulatory effects of zinc and citrate and their interaction in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) are studied.Methods and resultsAfter allogeneic (MLC) or superantigen stimulation, the interferon‐γ (IFNγ) production is quantified by ELISA and T cell subpopulations are determined by Western Blot. Intracellular concentrations of citrate and zinc are measured. Zinc and citrate reduce the IFNγ expression and the pro‐inflammatory T helper cells (Th) 1 and Th17 in MLC. While zinc increases regulatory T cells, citrate reduces them. After superantigen stimulation IFNγ production is decreased only by citrate but increased by zinc. Zinc does not affect citrate concentration, while citrate impairs zinc uptake. Thus, zinc and citrate independently regulate IFNy expression.ConclusionThese results may explain the immunosuppressive effect of blood products anticoagulated by citrate. In addition, high citrate consumption may lead to immunosuppressive effects, so upper limits for citrate should be established.
Design of digital beamforming for 5G access point applications
Authors: Drissi Meriem , Benjelloun Nabil , Descamps Philippe , Gharsallah Ali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSince the software‐defined radio digital beamforming (DBF) system is the newest tendency in fifth‐generation (5G) development and based on its flexibility applied to antenna arrays, this research paper presents a smart antenna array architecture operating in C‐band (3.48 GHz). In developing DBF for 5G access points with beamforming capacities, it is first necessary to perform an accurate approach that identifies the position of the desired user and affects the beamforming processing. In this article, a feasible approach is represented to evaluate and test three angle‐of‐arrival algorithms. To ensure the robustness of the system, the system structure with its four main components, the transmit subsystem, the synchronization subsystem, the receive subsystem, and data processing are described in detail. This article presents a reasonably inexpensive prototype DBF in conjunction with a Universal Software Radio Peripheral B210 board. Experimental measurements and results confirm the suggested methodology.
Novel design of high isolation compact printed monopoles array for dual‐band application
Authors: Cheng Yi‐Feng , Cheng Kwok‐Keung M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article presents a novel two‐element printed monopole MIMO design for dual‐band operation with high port isolation and compact size. Upper‐band (f2) decoupling is achieved by the optimal meandering of the monopole, while the lower band (f1) decoupling is attained by the insertion of a new T‐shaped neutralization line structure. Unlike conventional decoupling techniques, the proposed method offers independent control of decoupling performance at two widely spaced frequency bands, without any bulky structure. For validation, a printed monopole MIMO antenna designed to operate at 2.45 and 5.0 GHz, is fabricated and measured. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed dual‐band antenna exhibit high port isolation (20 dB/25 dB) with enhanced efficiency (92%) and reduced ECC values (<0.05).
Tissue response to a novel bone adhesive implanted subcutaneously in rats: A histological and gene expression analysis
Authors: Marx Daniella , Phull Sunjeev , Papini Marcello , Towler Mark 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMedian sternotomy provides access to the heart and surrounding valves for cardiothoracic surgery. However, complications arise such as micro‐motion and separation between the two sternal halves. To prevent these complications, the use of a bone adhesive has been proposed to augment the mechanical union of the two sternal halves when combined with wire cerclage. Our group has developed a bone adhesive for sternal fixation, utilizing a glass polyalkenoate cement (GPC) based on a zinc silicate ionomeric glass (mole fraction: SiO2:0.48, ZnO:0.36, CaO:0.12, SrO:0.04). Here we present the first soft‐tissue biological safety assessment of this novel Sr/Zn‐GPC, where we implanted the material subcutaneously in rats for 6 and 12 weeks. Polymethyl‐methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement was used as a baseline control with respect to inflammation and biocompatibility. Histological assessment revealed no adverse tissue reaction nor ectopic bone formation in response to the novel material. Additionally, relative expression of pro‐inflammatory and osteogenic genes (Col1a1, SOX9, Runx2, IL‐1, IL‐6, and TNF‐α) was assessed in the tissue surrounding implants and revealed no significant differences in expression between the Sr/Zn‐GPC and PMMA implants.
ICS‐SUFU standard: Theory, terms, and recommendations for pressure‐flow studies performance, analysis, and reporting. Part 2: Analysis of PFS, reporting, and diagnosis
Authors: Rosier Peter F. W. M. , Gammie Andrew , Valdevenito Juan Pablo , Speich John , Smith Phillip , Sinha Sanjay ,   the members of the ICS Working Group PFS23
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsThe Working Group (WG), initiated by the International Continence Society (ICS) Standardisation Steering Committee and supported by the Society of Urodynamics, Female Pelvic Medicine and Urogenital Reconstruction, has revised the ICS Standard for pressure‐flow studies of 1997.MethodsBased on the ICS standard for developing evidence‐based standards, the WG developed this new ICS standard in the period from May 2020 to December 2022. A draft was posted on the ICS website in December 2022 to facilitate public discussion and the comments received have been incorporated into this final release.ResultsThe WG has recommended analysis principles for the diagnosis of voiding dysfunction for adult men and women without relevant neurological abnormalities. New standard terms and parameters for objective and continuous grading of urethral resistance (UR), bladder outflow obstruction (BOO) and detrusor voiding contraction (DVC) are introduced in this part 2 of the standard. The WG has summarized the theory and recommendations for the practice of pressure‐flow study (PFS) for patients in part 1. A pressure‐flow plot is recommended for the diagnosis of every patient, in addition to time‐based graphs. Voided percentage and post void residual volume should always be included in PFS analysis and diagnosis. Only parameters that represent the ratio or subtraction of pressure and synchronous flow are recommended to quantify UR and only parameters that combine pressure and flow in a product or sum are recommended to quantify DVC. The ICS BOO index and the ICS detrusor contraction index are introduced in this part 2 as the standard. The WG has suggested clinical PFS dysfunction classes for male and female patients. A pressure‐flow scatter graph including every patient's pdet at maximum flow (pdetQmax) with maximum flow rate (Qmax) point should be included in all scientific reports considering voiding dysfunction.ConclusionPFS is the gold standard used to objectively assess voiding function. Quantifying the dysfunction and grading of abnormalities are standardized for adult males and females.
Nurse educators' suggestions for a digital educational resource suitable for undergraduate student nurses' placement studies: Qualitative empirical research
Authors: Ravik Monika , Aase Ingunn , Akerjordet Kristin , Laugaland Kristin , Gonzalez Marianne Thorsen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsTo explore and describe nurse educators' suggestions regarding a digital educational resource addressing quality in placement studies for first‐year student nurses in nursing homes.DesignA qualitative, explorative, and descriptive research design.MethodsFocus group interviews with eight nurse educators and individual interviews with six nurse educators. The interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim; subsequently, data were analysed in lines with content analysis as described by Graneheim and Lundman.ResultsThe analysis revealed three main categories: ‘Suggestions for a digital educational resource to strengthen and support nurse educators’ role in follow‐up students', ‘Suggestions for a digital educational resource to complement and support interaction between stakeholders in placement’, and ‘Suggestions for a digital educational resource to facilitate student nurses' learning processes’. The categories were captured by the overarching theme, ‘A digital educational resource facilitating interaction between stakeholders and students' learning processes.ConclusionThis study revealed nurse educators' suggestions regarding design elements, content, and use of a digital educational resource addressing placement studies for first‐year student nurses' in nursing homes. Implications for the profession and/or patient care: Nurse educators should be involved in designing, developing, and implementing digital educational resources aiming to support student learning in nursing education placement studies.ImpactThis study explored nurse educators' suggestions for a digital educational resource. They suggested a digital educational resource to strengthen and support their role, support interaction between stakeholders, and facilitate student nurses' learning processes. Further, they suggested a digital educational resource to be used as a supplement rather than as a replacement for nurse educators' physical presence in placements.Reporting methodThe Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research reporting guidelines were used.No Patient or Public Contribution.
Multidimensional interpretation of radiomagnetotellurics and controlled‐source radiomagnetotellurics data: A validation study
Authors: Fadavi Asghari Shiva , Shlykov Arseny , Smirnova Maria , Saraev Alexander , Yogeshwar Pritam , Tezkan Bülent 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRadiomagnetotellurics (RMT) is an electromagnetic method that uses signals from radio transmitters broadcasting in the 10 kHz to 1 MHz frequency range. Due to its limited frequency range, RMT is commonly used as a shallow‐depth investigation tool. However, in remote areas, there is a lack of radio transmitters and only signals from very low frequency (VLF) antennas (10–30 kHz frequency range) can be measured. This can give rise to low signal‐to‐noise ratio. To overcome this disadvantage of RMT, a controlled‐source RMT (CSRMT) can be applied to measure signals of the low‐frequency (LF) and mid‐frequency ranges (30–1000 kHz). Moreover, the wider frequency range of the CSRMT method (down to 1 kHz) leads to a deeper sounding depth. We present the first RMT and CSRMT validation studies using two perpendicularly located horizontal electric dipoles to realize a 3D inversion of CSRMT data. The survey area in Alexandrova village in Kaluga region, Russia, a previously investigated area, was selected for a validation study. We acquired the data along 8 profiles with 175 stations. Transmitter lines for the CSRMT case were about 900 m long, and the minimum and maximum distances of the stations from transmitters were 450–1000 m, respectively. We applied 2D and 3D inversions over the far‐field data and compared with the previous results. The available geophysical information as well as the borehole data indicate a high agreement between the obtained models and the geological structure. We can confirm that the CSRMT method is a reliable approach for near‐surface explorations and that, the existing advanced and tested inversion tools for magnetotellurics, can be used to invert the RMT and far‐field zone CSRMT data leading to comparable results.
Cleaning archaeological bones: Influence of water, ethanol, and acetone on microhardness
Authors: Valtierra Noé , Courtenay Lloyd A. , Fabregat‐Sanjuan Albert , López‐Polín Lucía 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe application of conservation treatments on archaeological bone is, in many cases, a necessary step for its study. Cleaning interventions can generate modifications on the surface of the material or even modify elements of the study. The variables involved in this process have been scarcely characterized. The present study reports on the characterization of how different liquids commonly used in cleaning processes can contribute to the onset of modifications by influencing microhardness. Three media were experimented with water, ethanol, and acetone. The Knoop microhardness test was used to measure the hardness of bone samples from two archaeological sites: Gran Dolina and two localities at Barranc de la Boella, before and during exposure to the liquids. Results note that all the solvents produce a decrease in sample microhardness. These variations in hardness should be considered when cleaning because they make it simpler to damage the bone surface with cleaning tools.