bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The radiology quality assurance process in the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial, and findings from the baseline round of low dose CT screening for lung cancer
Authors: Upperton Sara E C , Bradley Claire , Bhartia Bobby S K , Crosbie Philip A J , Darby Michael , Gabe Rhian , Hammond Christopher , Hancock Neil , Marshall Catriona , Kennedy Martyn P T , Callister Matthew 
Published: September 2023

Objective: As lung cancer screening is rolled-out, there is a need to develop an effective quality assurance (QA) framework around radiology reporting to ensure optimal implementation. Here, we report a structured QA process for low-dose CT (LDCT) scans performed in the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial. Methods: Negative LDCT scans were single read after using computer-aided detection software. The radiology QA process included reviewing 5% of negative scans selected at random, and all cases with a subsequent diagnosis of extrapulmonary cancer or interval lung cancer not detected on the baseline scan. Radiologists were not informed of the reason for review and original radiology reports were scored as either “satisfactory”, “satisfactory with learning points”, or “unsatisfactory”. Results: From 6650 participants undergoing LDCT screening, 208 negative scans were reviewed alongside 11 cases with subsequent extrapulmonary cancer and 10 cases with interval lung cancer. Overall, only three reports were ultimately judged “unsatisfactory”, 1% of randomly selected negative scans (n = 2/208) and one interval lung cancer scan (n = 1/10). Four out of a total of five cases judged “satisfactory with learning points” were related to oesophageal abnormalities where the participant was subsequently diagnosed with oesophageal cancer. Conclusion: The described process attempts to minimise bias in retrospective review of screening scans, and may represent a framework for future QA of national screening programmes. Advances in knowledge: This study describes a structured QA process for a lung cancer screening programme, involving blinded second-read of LDCT screening scans to ensure fair, constructive audit of clinical performance.
The Effect of Coronal Pre-flaring and Type of Root Canal Irrigation on Working Length Accuracy Using Electronic Apex Locators
Authors: Rifaat Shimaa , Aljami Abdullah , Alshehri Turki , T. Alameer Shahad , Aldossary Alhanoof , Almutairi Wejdan , N. Almaliki Mulham , A. Farooqi Faraz , Taymour Noha 
Published: September 2023

Background: Successful root canal treatment is influenced by the apical extent of root canal preparation and the eventual root canal filling. Achieving the full working length until the apical constriction, which is usually 0.5 – 1 mm shorter than the anatomical apex, is crucial. Electronic apex locators were used to detect the working length more accurately. There are six generations of electronic apex locators in the market. The selection of the appropriate irrigation with each apex locator for accurate working length determination is not fully investigated. Methods: The actual working lengths of 120 freshly extracted human single-rooted teeth were measured and compared with their working lengths using 3rd generation (Root ZX) followed by 6th generation (Raypex 6) apex locators in dry medium, presence of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, and 2% chlorhexidine, without coronal pre-flaring and after coronal pre-flaring using the same irrigating media. Data were collected, tabulated, and afterward analyzed using one-way ANOVA with post-hoc to evaluate the significant difference in average working length between actual working length, Root ZX, and Raypex 6 apex locator working lengths accuracy. Results: The significant results were shown when using Raybex 6 apex locator in dry medium in all pre-flaring conditions. While using the Root ZX apex locator, the significant results were shown with 2% CHX in all pre-flaring conditions. Conclusions: It is concluded that it is very important to know the specific irrigating medium to be used with each specific electronic apex locator to achieve the most accurate working length results.
Long-term effect of non-severe COVID-19 on pulmonary function, functional capacities and physical activities: a cross-section study in Sakaka Aljouf
Authors: Alshammari Maha , SHANB ALSAYED , Alsubaiei Mohammed , youssef Enas 
Published: September 2023

Background: COVID-19 has serious consequences on different body systems particularly the respiratory system with its impact on pulmonary function, functional capacities, physical activities, and physical performance. This study aimed to investigate the long-term effect of COVID-19 on pulmonary function, functional capacities, and physical activities in patients with non-severe COVID-19. Methods: 160 individuals were selected to participate in a cross-section study. Group-I: 80 male and female patients with non-severe COVID-19 at least 3 months after the recovery time. Group-II:80 male and female matched participants. The spirometer, six-minute walk test (6MWT), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used to assess pulmonary function, functional capacities, and physical activities respectively. Shapiro–Wilk’s test was used to test normality of data. The Mann–Whitney and independent t-tests were used to compare the significant differences between both groups. Results: The results show significant differences in pulmonary function, functional capacities, and physical activities, between both COVID-19 and matched groups. Conclusion: Pulmonary function, functional capacities, and physical activities are negatively influenced by COVID-19 as long-term consequences indicating the need for extended health care, and prescription of proper rehabilitative training programs for such patients whatever their severity degree of infection or history of hospitalization. Outcome reflections of the current results raise awareness for physical therapists to tailor the proper rehabilitative training programs for such patients.
Controlled seeding of contact cracks in test pieces for the evaluation and validation of non-destructive testing systems
Authors: Preston Daniel , Rodriguez Sanmartin Daniel , Watts James , Wright Julian 
Published: September 2023

Background: A major inhibitor in the development and certification of non-destructive test equipment is the lack of access to statistically appropriate numbers of test pieces which contain relevant flaws. Methods of introducing these flaws in a controllable and repeatable manner are always in demand. Methods: This paper discusses the development and evaluation of a method for seeding contact cracks in ASTM F519-18 Type 1a.1 notched tensile coupons. Contact cracks of controlled dimensions are successfully introduced into a set of these specimens by closely monitoring the resonance frequency and peak splitting due to anisotropy. Results: Results are confirmed using Scanning Electron Microscopy, carried out on a selection of the coupons. The least exposed coupon was shown to have a crack propagating inwards from the notch with a length of approximately 50 microns. More heavily exposed samples had longer cracks spanning nearly the entire notch with a crack width of 1.3 microns. Conclusions: The correlation between crack growth and the frequency monitoring proves that this technique could be further developed for the controlled creation of contact cracks for NDT validation or other applications.
Clavicle fractures - epidemiology, biomechanics of injury and treatment methods
Authors: Kostecki Bartosz , Jurek Aleksander , Klocek Konrad , Hajduk Aleksandra , Mrozek Łukasz , Zwolski Maciej , Szumlas Zuzanna , Puchalski Krzysztof , Tekielak Anna 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and purpose: The aim of this study is to to review and analyze scientific research on the topic of clavicle fractures, including epidemiology and comparison of the current conservative and surgical treatment options.
State of Knowledge: Due to its structure and function as a support for the upper limb, the clavicle is one of the most frequently fractured bones in the human body. Any significant force acting on the shoulder, such as direct trauma or a fall onto an outstretched hand, can result in high stress forces, leading to a clavicle fracture. Depending on the location of the fracture, muscles pull the bone fragments in their respective directions, which affects the treatment approach for each type of fracture.To facilitate the choice of treatment method, classifications such as the Neer classification and the Edinburgh classification have been developed. Various surgical techniques as well as conservative treatments have been employed in the management of clavicle fractures.
Conclusions: The epidemiology of clavicle fractures shows a higher incidence in young males, particularly related to sports activities. The majority of fractures occur in the middle third of the clavicle, with fractures in the distal and proximal thirds being less common. Understanding the ligamentous connections of the clavicle is crucial for understanding fracture patterns. There is no single preferred method of treatment, therefore both conservative and surgical methods are used in the therapeutic process depending on the fracture type. The functional outcome of various surgical techniques is similar.
How to Deploy Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems
Authors: Zhen Lu , Tan Zheyi , de Koster René , Wang Shuaian 
Published: September 2023

Many warehouses involved in e-commerce order fulfillment use robotic mobile fulfillment systems. Because demand and variability can be high, scheduling orders, robots, and storage pods in interaction with manual workstations are critical to obtaining high performance. Simultaneously, the scheduling problem is extremely complicated because of interactions between decisions, many of which must be taken timely because of short planning horizons and a constantly changing environment. This paper models all such scheduling decisions in combination to minimize order fulfillment time. We propose two decision methods for the above scheduling problem. The models batch the orders using different batching methods and assign orders and batches to pods and workstations in sequence and robots to jobs. Order picking and stock replenishment operations are included in the models. We conduct numerical experiments based on a real-world case to validate the efficacy and efficiency of the model and algorithm. Instances with 14 workstations, 400 orders, 300 stock-keeping units (SKUs), 160 pods, and 160 robots can be solved to near optimality within four minutes. Our methods can be applied to large instances, for example, using a rolling horizon. Because our model can be solved relatively fast, it can be used to take managerial decisions and obtain executive insights. Our results show that making integrated decisions, even when done heuristically, is more beneficial than sequential, isolated optimization. We also find that positioning pick stations close together along one of the system’s long sides is efficient. The replenishment stations can be grouped along another side. Another finding is that SKU diversity per pod and SKU dispersion over pods have strong and positive impacts on the total completion time of handling order batches. Funding: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China [72025103, 72361137001, 71831008, 72071173] and the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China [HKSAR RGC TRS T32-707/22-N]. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.0265 .
Formação de professores(as) e processos de subjetivação: notas para pensar o educar na tensão da diferença
Authors: Pilan Fernando Cesar 
Published: September 2023

O objetivo deste ensaio é pensar a formação de professores(as) com a filosofia da diferença, disparando alguns sentidos possíveis que este atravessamento pode fazer surgir. Há um esforço neste trabalho em pensar outras expressões de vida docente, mais atentas aos desatinos da diferença, e que precisam ser disparadas: estes modos outros de vida educadora só podem ser ousados, subversivos, clandestinos e provocadores da formação de professores(as) em seu formato hegemônico, constituído pela tríade religião-ciência-lei (CORAZZA, 1999). A filosofia da diferença rasga os tecidos e modelos hegemônicos de enquadramento social, fazendo ver os fluxos inventivos e criadores da vida em diferenciação, que pede passagem. Tal provocação ecoa também na educação escolar, na formação de professores(as). A fluidez da vida, dos corpos em seus fluxos vitais, se vista para além dos modelos, pode deslocar uma vida docente ao interesse mais pelo encontro com o outro, do que pelo julgamento do outro. Assim, dar atenção à diferença por parte de uma vida docente é uma disposição exigente e inventiva, em que a produção de subjetividade do(a) professor(a) torna-se sua mais notável tarefa formativa: escavar-se a si, resistir àquilo que se é para criar outro(a) de si mesmo. Dispor-se a constante escavação de si envolve fluxos desviantes dos modelos que habitam uma vida educadora, implica a constante preocupação em escapar por linhas de fuga que criem fendas e cesuras na uniformidade e homogeneização curricular dos processos educacionais escolares. Pensar a formação de professores(as) na tensão da diferença faz fluir outros sentidos possíveis em que a forma-ação se desloca pela via da alteridade, e não apenas se molda pela via da identidade oferecida pelos modelos. São possíveis formações outras: inventivas e criadoras, em que se duvida do educador(a) que se é, inventa-se outro(a) de si mesmo(a), por meio de um cuidado com sua presença ética-estética-política no mundo e nos territórios escolares. Por fim, são expostas algumas divagações sobre possíveis técnicas existenciais que podem ser potentes, subversivas e inventivas na vida docente que se arrisca a educar em meio a vida e à diferença, e não apenas submete-se aos modelos.
O bacharel-educador nas diretrizes curriculares nacionais para os cursos de ciências biológicas
Authors: Custódio Otávio Da Silva , Custódio Renato 
Published: September 2023

Nota-se que as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs) para os cursos de graduação em Ciências Biológicas, detalhadas pelo Parecer 1.301 de 2001, incluem o papel de educar no perfil e nas competências e habilidades do diplomado. Contudo, ainda que tais diretrizes balizem a estrutura e os objetivos de tais cursos e, consequentemente, a formação de graduandos em território brasileiro, percebe-se a escassez de pesquisas que se dediquem a investigar tais atribuições de educador. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o papel de educar posto pelas DCNs para os cursos de ciências biológicas. Utilizou-se como metodologia a análise documental, onde foi investigado tanto o Parecer 1.301/2001 quanto transcrições de discussões que narram a elaboração dessas DCNs. Como resultado, entende-se que as atribuições de educador dirigem-se ao egresso da opção bacharelado em ciências biológicas, isto é, ao bacharel. Se, por um lado, tais atribuições de educador podem contribuir com a desvalorização da licenciatura e de licenciados, por outro, podem trazer à tona a importância de tal atuação por parte do bacharel. Por fim, dentre outros pontos positivos e negativos vinculados a tal papel de educar, destaca-se a necessidade de que mais estudos se debrucem sobre o processo de elaboração das DCNs para os cursos de Ciências Biológicas.
O Global Educational Reform Movement (GERM) e a BNCC: performatividade para formação e práticas docentes
Authors: Oliveira Marcia Betania , Canuto Mônica Barbosa , Lemos Anaylla Da Silva 
Published: September 2023

Neste escopo abordamos reformas curriculares como elementos das tentativas de controle da formação e de práticas docentes, articuladas a desempenho de boas práticas e a resultados de avaliações externas. Destacamos o Global Education Reform Movement (GERM), Movimento de Reforma Global Educacional, para o português, como parte da política de estímulo às reformas educacionais que atribuem sentidos de eficácia aos sistemas educacionais. Apontamos a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e os desdobramentos para a sua “implementação” como parte de uma agenda global de educação, constituinte dessa rede de influência mundial, orientada/influenciada pelo movimento GERM. Apresentamos os movimentos “Todos pela Educação” e “Todos pela Base”, e a Fundação Getúlio Vargas (FGV) e relacinamos GERM e formação docente, problematizando produções discursivas sobre bom” professor e boas práticas. Com base em Ball (2014), acreditamos que as políticas de currículo sofrem investidas do setor mercadológico, em que as empresas privadas estão à frente desse processo de reformulação curricular. Tais reformulações curriculares, como medidas performáticas, buscam a centralidade e padronização da formação docente, além de aumentarem o processo de culpabilização do trabalho docente.
Crystal structure of bis(tetrapropylammonium) dodecacarbonyltetratelluridotetraferrate(2-), (Pr4N)2[Fe4Te4(CO)12]
Authors: Kim Kang-Woo , Yang Hyoyi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
C36H56O12N2Fe4Te4, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 11.3615(9) Å, b = 11.8540(9) Å, c = 12.1267(9) Å, α = 61.419(2)°, β = 64.289(3)°, γ = 71.088(3)°, V = 1278.10(17) Å3, Z = 1, R

gt
(F) = 0.0213, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0638, T = 223(2) K.
Do Remittances and Terrorism Impact Each Other?
Authors: Kratou Hajer , Yogo Thierry 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCurrent studies do not conclusively tell us whether there is a causal relationship between remittances and terrorism. Yet, this question is important because the answer has clear implications for the way remittances are monitored and handled. Hence, with this paper, we move a step closer to a definitive answer by studying the impact of remittances on specific terrorist events in 180 countries over the period 1970–2020. We also look in reverse at whether acts of terrorism attract remittances. From event-study analysis and a panel vector autoregression model, Granger causality tests, and a Cholesky decomposition to isolate shocks, we find that we can neither reject the hypothesis that remittances do not Granger-cause terrorism nor reject that terrorism does not Granger-cause remittances. We also find that terrorism response to remittances shock is negative. These findings do not support previous studies that show remittances could be used to fund terrorist attacks. Further, the response of remittance to terrorism shock is null, excepting for Latin America which shows a statistical negative effect. Remittances in Latin America do not appear to respond to conflict. Some of our findings are new, others contradict a large stream of literature (i.e. remittances as a potential source of financing). The insights should be useful to policymakers to facilitate the flow of remittances that result in more disposable income of recipient families and possibly help households to cope with the financial loss of terrorist activity.
miR-564 and miR-718 expressions are downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues
Authors: Mihcioglu Deniz , Elihan Erkan , Aytekin Alper , Gurer Turkan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that are involved in regulating gene expression and have an important role in biological pathways such as differentiation, migration, cell proliferation, and other cellular processes. Previous studies have shown that miR-564 and miR-718 are either downregulated or upregulated in various cancers. The purpose of this study was to examine the levels of expression of miR-564 and miR-718 in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients’ tumor and non-tumor tissues.

Methods
The study group consisted of tumor and non-tumor tissues obtained from a total of 80 CRC patients. The expression levels of miRNAs were determined using quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). Additionally, using bioinformatics analysis, the transcription factors (TFs) that are associated with miR-564 and miR-718 were identified as well as the GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment pathway analysis of these miRNAs.

Results
According to the findings of RT-qPCR, both miR-564 and miR-718 expression levels were significantly downregulated in CRC (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between the expression levels of miR-564 and miR-718 (p=0.006). Both miR-564 and miR-718 regulated TFs including E2F1, HIFIA, BRD4, KDM2B, ESR1, MYC, PHF8, RUNX1, TCF12 and YY1. According to KEGG analysis, miR-564 and miR-718 were associated with Hippo and FoxO signaling pathways, respectively (p<0.05).

Conclusions
miR-564 and miR-718 may have function as tumor suppressors and may be biomarkers for the diagnosis of CRC.
In vivo reduction of RAD51‐mediated homologous recombination triggers aging but impairs oncogenesis
Authors: Matos‐Rodrigues Gabriel , Barroca Vilma , Muhammad Ali‐Akbar , Dardillac Elodie , Allouch Awatef , Koundrioukoff Stephane , Lewandowski Daniel , Despras Emmanuelle , Guirouilh‐Barbat Josée , Frappart Lucien , Kannouche Patricia , Dupaigne Pauline , Le Cam Eric , Perfettini Jean‐Luc , Romeo Paul‐Henri , Debatisse Michelle , Jasin Maria , Livera Gabriel , Martini Emmanuelle , Lopez Bernard S 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHomologous recombination (HR) is a prominent DNA repair pathway maintaining genome integrity. Mutations in many HR genes lead to cancer predisposition. Paradoxically, the implication of the pivotal HR factor RAD51 on cancer development remains puzzling. Particularly, no RAD51 mouse models are available to address the role of RAD51 in aging and carcinogenesis in vivo. We engineered a mouse model with an inducible dominant‐negative form of RAD51 (SMRad51) that suppresses RAD51‐mediated HR without stimulating alternative mutagenic repair pathways. We found that in vivo expression of SMRad51 led to replicative stress, systemic inflammation, progenitor exhaustion, premature aging and reduced lifespan, but did not trigger tumorigenesis. Expressing SMRAD51 in a breast cancer predisposition mouse model (PyMT) decreased the number and the size of tumors, revealing an anti‐tumor activity of SMRAD51. We propose that these in vivo phenotypes result from chronic endogenous replication stress caused by HR decrease, which preferentially targets progenitors and tumor cells. Our work underlines the importance of RAD51 activity for progenitor cell homeostasis, preventing aging and more generally for the balance between cancer and aging.
Centriolar subdistal appendages promote double‐strand break repair through homologous recombination
Authors: Rodríguez‐Real Guillermo , Domínguez‐Calvo Andrés , Prados‐Carvajal Rosario , Bayona‐Feliú Aleix , Gomes‐Pereira Sonia , Balestra Fernando R , Huertas Pablo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe centrosome is a cytoplasmic organelle with roles in microtubule organization that has also been proposed to act as a hub for cellular signaling. Some centrosomal components are required for full activation of the DNA damage response. However, whether the centrosome regulates specific DNA repair pathways is not known. Here, we show that centrosome presence is required to fully activate recombination, specifically to completely license its initial step, the so‐called DNA end resection. Furthermore, we identify a centriolar structure, the subdistal appendages, and a specific factor, CEP170, as the critical centrosomal component involved in the regulation of recombination and resection. Cells lacking centrosomes or depleted for CEP170 are, consequently, hypersensitive to DNA damaging agents. Moreover, low levels of CEP170 in multiple cancer types correlate with an increase of the mutation burden associated with specific mutational signatures and a better prognosis, suggesting that changes in CEP170 can act as a mutation driver but could also be targeted to improve current oncological treatments.