bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoarchitectonics of Exfoliated Flexible Nanosheet Based on Laterally Stacked Macrocycles
Authors: Shioda Nano , Heo Jung‐Moo , Kim Bubsung , Imai Hiroaki , Kim Jong‐Man , Oaki Yuya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract2D nanostructures including monolayers and few layers exhibit unique properties originating from the anisotropic ultrathin nature. Conventional organic 2D nanostructures, such as covalent organic frameworks, are comprised of the planar π‐conjugated macromolecules linked and extended parallel to the layers. The present work shows a new type of exfoliated organic 2D material. The macrocycles are stacked perpendicular to the lateral direction of the nanosheets. Self‐assembly of a designed macrocyclic diacetylene monomer with a chair conformation forms the laminated structures containing the layers based on the perpendicularly arranged macrocycles. The exfoliable layered structures are obtained by the topochemical polymerization of the diacetylene moieties. The intercalation and subsequent swelling provide the nanosheets based on the laterally stacked macrocycles in aqueous phase. The colloidal nanosheets possess structural flexibility with the molecular motions originating from the ultrathin nature and conformational diversity. The hydrogel cross‐linked with the flexible nanosheets exhibits unique stretching and thermoresponsive shrinking properties. The present work implies the potential of the flexible 2D materials based on the macrocycles.
High Roughness Induced Pearl Necklace‐Like ZIF‐67@PAN Fiber‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Mechanical Energy Harvesting
Authors: Rani Gokana Mohana , Ghoreishian Seyed Majid , Ranjith Kugalur Shanmugam , Park Sang Hyeok , Lee Minbaek , Umapathi Reddicherla , Han Young‐Kyu , Huh Yun Suk 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTechnological developments and innovations in the wearable device field have created huge consumer demand. Hence, designing energy harvesting devices are of utmost importance. Of the various types of energy harvesting devices, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have come to the fore, as it can efficiently harvest electrical energy from mechanical motions. To date, polymers and metals have dominated the triboelectric series, but there is a need to develop novel composite materials and 2D materials to enhance the performance of TENGs. In this study, electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers are prepared and decorated with zeolitic imidazole framework‐67 (ZIF‐67@PAN) to form pearl‐necklace‐like fibers. ZIF‐67@PAN nanofibers are prepared by immersing PAN nanofibers for different hours (1, 5, 10, and 24 h) in ZIF‐67 solution, they provide more roughness, and efficient surface contact area. The immersion of PAN fibers in ZIF solution for longer times increases overall energy harvesting efficiency. Different amounts of MXene are deposited on PVDF; the inclusion of MXene improves the charge transfer properties of TENGs. PAN@ZIF‐67 is used as a positive tribolayer and PVDF@MXene as a negative tribolayer. The optimized TENG device has 305 V, 10.6 µA, and 10.9 W/m2 power and demonstrated promising energy harvesting characteristics and self‐powered sensing efficiency.
Enhancing Supercapacitive Swing Adsorption of CO2 with Advanced Activated Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Li Jiajie , Landskron Kai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGlobal warming due to anthropogenic CO2 emissions argues for the rapid development of efficient carbon capture technologies. Supercapacitive swing adsorption (SSA) is a gas separation technology that relies on the reversible charge and discharge of supercapacitor electrodes to absorb and desorb CO2 highly selectively and reversibly. However, thus far SSA only showed low sorption capacity, and slow sorption kinetics. Herein, it is shown that the sorption capacity can be substantially increased via the use of carbons with a higher specific capacitance. The highest gravimetric sorption capacity is measured with electrodes made from garlic‐roots derived activated carbon valuing 273 mmol kg−1 having a specific capacitance of 257 F g−1. In addition, the overall adsorption rate and productivity are improved. Cycling the electrodes for over 100 h showed highly reproducible, reversible CO2 adsorption and desorption behavior. A preliminary technoeconomic and sensitivity analysis is provided to demonstrate the potential of SSA for commercial applications.
Improved Likelihood Ratio Tests for Varying Dispersion Simplex Regression Models
Authors: Santos Joás S. , Cribari‐Neto Francisco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe simplex regression model is tailored to response variables that assume values in the standard unit interval, such as rates and proportions. The estimation of the parameters that index the model is performed by maximum likelihood, and test inferences are commonly reached using the likelihood ratio test. Such a test is based on an asymptotic approximation, and thus the resulting inferences may be misleading when the sample size is not large. In this paper, Bartlett‐corrected likelihood ratio tests are obtained for varying dispersion simplex regressions. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to compare the finite sample behavior of the corrected tests to that of standard likelihood ratio. The numerical results show that one of the corrected tests displays excellent control of the type I error frequency. An empirical application is presented and discussed.
BATF is Required for Treg Homeostasis and Stability to Prevent Autoimmune Pathology
Authors: Khatun Achia , Wu Xiaopeng , Qi Fu , Gai Kexin , Kharel Arjun , Kudek Matthew R. , Fraser Lisa , Ceicko Ashley , Kasmani Moujtaba Y. , Majnik Amber , Burns Robert , Chen Yi‐Guang , Salzman Nita , Taparowsky Elizabeth J. , Fang Dayu , Williams Calvin B. , Cui Weiguo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRegulatory T (Treg) cells are inevitable to prevent deleterious immune responses to self and commensal microorganisms. Treg function requires continuous expression of the transcription factor (TF) FOXP3 and is divided into two major subsets: resting (rTregs) and activated (aTregs). Continuous T cell receptor (TCR) signaling plays a vital role in the differentiation of aTregs from their resting state, and in their immune homeostasis. The process by which Tregs differentiate, adapt tissue specificity, and maintain stable phenotypic expression at the transcriptional level is still inconclusivei. In this work, the role of BATF is investigated, which is induced in response to TCR stimulation in naïve T cells and during aTreg differentiation. Mice lacking BATF in Tregs developed multiorgan autoimmune pathology. As a transcriptional regulator, BATF is required for Treg differentiation, homeostasis, and stabilization of FOXP3 expression in different lymphoid and non‐lymphoid tissues. Epigenetically, BATF showed direct regulation of Treg‐specific genes involved in differentiation, maturation, and tissue accumulation. Most importantly, FOXP3 expression and Treg stability require continuous BATF expression in Tregs, as it regulates demethylation and accessibility of the CNS2 region of the Foxp3 locus. Considering its role in Treg stability, BATF should be considered an important therapeutic target in autoimmune disease.
Surgical Treatment of Osteosarcoma Induced Distant Pre‐Metastatic Niche in Lung to Facilitate the Colonization of Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Tang Fan , Tie Yan , Lan Tian‐Xia , Yang Jing‐Yun , Hong Wei‐Qi , Chen Si‐Yuan , Shi Hou‐Hui , Li Long‐Qing , Zeng Hao , Min Li , Wei Yu‐Quan , Tu Chong‐Qi , Wei Xia‐Wei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecently, the major challenge in treating osteosarcoma patients is the metastatic disease, most commonly in the lungs. However, the underlying mechanism of recurrence and metastasis of osteosarcoma after surgical resection of primary tumor remains unclear. This study aims to investigate whether the pulmonary metastases characteristic of osteosarcoma is associated with surgical treatment and whether surgery contributes to the formation of pre‐metastatic niche in the distant lung tissue. In the current study, the authors observe the presence of circulating tumor cells in patients undergoing surgical resection of osteosarcoma which is correlated to tumor recurrence. The pulmonary infiltrations of neutrophils and Gr‐1+ myeloid cells are characterized to form a pre‐metastatic niche upon the exposure of circulating tumor cells after surgical resection. It is found that mitochondrial damage‐associated molecular patterns released from surgical resection contribute to the formation of pre‐metastatic niche in lung through IL‐1β secretion. This study reveals that surgical management for osteosarcoma, irrespective of the primary tumor, might promote the formation of postoperative pre‐metastatic niche in lung which is with important implications for developing rational therapies during peri‐operative period.
USP25 Inhibits Neuroinflammatory Responses After Cerebral Ischemic Stroke by Deubiquitinating TAB2
Authors: Li Zhongding , Liu Baohua , Lambertsen Kate Lykke , Clausen Bettina Hjelm , Zhu Zhenhu , Du Xue , Xu Yanqi , Poulsen Frantz Rom , Halle Bo , Bonde Christian , Chen Meng , Wang Xue , Schlüter Dirk , Huang Jingyong , Waisman Ari , Song Weihong , Wang Xu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCerebral ischemic stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. However, the mechanisms underlying ischemic stroke injury remain poorly understood. Here, it is found that deficiency of the ubiquitin‐specific protease USP25 significantly aggravate ischemic stroke injury in mice. USP25 has no impact on neuronal death under hypoxic conditions, but reduced ischemic stroke‐induced neuronal loss and neurological deficits by inhibiting microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation. Mechanistically, USP25 restricts the activation of NF‐κB and MAPK signaling by regulating TAB2. As a deubiquitinating enzyme, USP25 removeds K63‐specific polyubiquitin chains from TAB2. AAV9‐mediated TAB2 knockdown ameliorates ischemic stroke injury and abolishes the effect of USP25 deletion. In both mouse and human brains, USP25 is markedly upregulated in microglia in the ischemic penumbra, implying a clinical relevance of USP25 in ischemic stroke. Collectively, USP25 is identified as a critical inhibitor of ischemic stroke injury and this data suggest USP25 may serve as a therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
A Lossless Sink Based on Complex Frequency Excitations
Authors: Rasmussen Curtis , Rosa Matheus I. N. , Lewton Jacob , Ruzzene Massimo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe creation of a sink in a lossless wave‐bearing medium is achieved using complex frequency signals—harmonic excitations that exponentially grow in time. The wave sink, where incident waves are confined to a point, has attracted interest for imaging and sensing since it may lead to arbitrarily small hotspots that surpass the diffraction limit. However, most methods of creating sinks require careful tuning, such as by impedance matching the sink to free space through the inclusion of loss, which imposes constraints on emerging applications. An alternative method, proposed here, relies on complex frequency excitations, bypassing the need to modify the scattering system by instead shaping the input signal. Eigenvalue zeros derived from a scattering formalism extended to the complex frequency plane reveal operating conditions that induce complete energy trapping under steady‐state conditions in a framework generally applicable to 2D and 3D media. To support the developed theory, an experiment is performed where a sink is realized using elastic waves on a plate with a circular cutout. These findings may lead to imaging and sensing applications relying on subwavelength focal points and nonlinear wave generation due to the high amplitudes achieved over short timescales.
Helical‐Like Assembly of Nateglinide as Coating for Oral Delivery of Insulin and Their Synergistic Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Li Yanfei , Chen Lihang , Xu Yu , Li Sihui , Yan Huijia , Chen Tao , Hua Ziqi , Wu Di , Zhao Runan , Hu Jiangning 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOral delivery of antidiabetic active components promises to free millions of people from daily suffering who require routine injections. However, oral insulin (Ins) and other short‐acting compounds such as nateglinide (NG) in harsh gastrointestinal tract still face great challenging, including low bioavailability, and rapid elimination. In this study, inspired by the self‐assembly of phenylalanine‐based peptides in nature, it is showed that NG a small phenylalanine derivative, assembles into left‐handed helical nanofibers in the presence of Ca2+. These helical NG nanofibers functioned as a coating layer on the surface of Ca2+‐linked alginate (Alg) microgels for the effective encapsulation of Ins. As expected, the sustained release and prolonged circulation of Ins and NG from the Ins‐loading Alg/NG microgels (Ins@Alg/NG) in the intestinal tract synergistically maintain a relatively normal blood glucose level in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice after oral administration of Ins@Alg/NG. This further confirms that Ins@Alg/NG ameliorated Ins resistance mainly through activating Insreceptor substrate 1 (IRS1), protein kinase B (AKT), and AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), as well as by repressing glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β). The strategy of using the assembly of NG as a coating achieves the oral delivery of insulin and showcases a potential for the treatment of diabetes.
Mobile Efficient Diagnostics of Infectious Diseases via On‐Chip RT‐qPCR: MEDIC‐PCR
Authors: Shrestha Kiran , Kim Seongryeong , Han Jiyeon , Florez Gabriela Morales , Truong Han , Hoang Trung , Parajuli Sajjan , AM Tiara , Kim Beomsoo , Jung Younsu , Abafogi Abdurhaman Teyib , Lee Yugyeong , Song Seung Hyun , Lee Jinkee , Park Sungsu , Kang Minhee , Huh Hee Jae , Cho Gyoujin , Lee Luke P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 outbreak has caused public and global health crises. However, the lack of on‐site fast, reliable, sensitive, and low‐cost reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) testing limits early detection, timely isolation, and epidemic prevention and control. Here, the authors report a rapid mobile efficient diagnostics of infectious diseases via on‐chip ‐RT‐quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR): MEDIC‐PCR. First, the authors use a roll‐to‐roll printing process to accomplish low‐cost carbon‐black‐based disposable PCR chips that enable rapid LED‐induced photothermal PCR cycles. The MEDIC‐PCR can perform RT (3 min), and PCR (9 min) steps. Further, the cohort of 89 COVID‐19 and 103 non‐COVID‐19 patients testing is completed by the MEDIC‐PCR to show excellent diagnostic accuracy of 97%, sensitivity of 94%, and specificity of 98%. This MEDIC‐PCR can contribute to the preventive global health in the face of a future pandemic.
Machine Learning Attacks‐Resistant Security by Mixed‐Assembled Layers‐Inserted Graphene Physically Unclonable Function
Authors: Lee Subin , Jang Byung Chul , Kim Minseo , Lim Si Heon , Ko Eunbee , Kim Hyun Ho , Yoo Hocheon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMixed layers of octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODTS) and 1H,1H,2H,2H‐perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (FOTS) on an active layer of graphene are used to induce a disordered doping state and form a robust defense system against machine‐learning attacks (ML attacks). The resulting security key is formed from a 12 × 12 array of currents produced at a low voltage of 100 mV. The uniformity and inter‐Hamming distance (HD) of the security key are 50.0 ± 12.3% and 45.5 ± 16.7%, respectively, indicating higher security performance than other graphene‐based security keys. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the uniqueness of the 10,000 points, with the degree of shift of the G peak distinguishing the number of carriers. The resulting defense system has a 10.33% ML attack accuracy, while a FOTS‐inserted graphene device is easily predictable with a 44.81% ML attack accuracy.
Electron Transfer Mechanism at the Interface of Multi‐Heme Cytochromes and Metal Oxide
Authors: Yu Sheng‐Song , Zhang Xin‐Yu , Yuan Shi‐Jie , Jiang Shen‐Long , Zhang Qun , Chen Jie‐Jie , Yu Han‐Qing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElectroactive microbial cells have evolved unique extracellular electron transfer to conduct the reactions via redox outer‐membrane (OM) proteins. However, the electron transfer mechanism at the interface of OM proteins and nanomaterial remains unclear. In this study, the mechanism for the electron transfer at biological/inorganic interface is investigated by integrating molecular modeling with electrochemical and spectroscopic measurements. For this purpose, a model system composed of OmcA, a typical OM protein, and the hexagonal tungsten trioxide (h‐WO3) with good biocompatibility is selected. The interfacial electron transfer is dependent mainly on the special molecular configuration of OmcA and the microenvironment of the solvent exposed active center. Also, the apparent electron transfer rate can be tuned by site‐directed mutagenesis at the axial ligand of the active center. Furthermore, the equilibrium state of the OmcA/h‐WO3 systems suggests that their attachment is attributed to the limited number of residues. The electrochemical analysis of OmcA and its variants reveals that the wild type exhibits the fastest electron transfer rate, and the transient absorption spectroscopy further shows that the axial histidine plays an important role in the interfacial electron transfer process. This study provides a useful approach to promote the site‐directed mutagenesis and nanomaterial design for bioelectrocatalytic applications.
High‐Performance Hot‐Exciton OLEDs via Fully Harvesting Triplet Excited States from Both the Exciplex Co‐Host and the TBRb Emitter
Authors: Wei Fuxian , Chen Jing , Zhao Xi , Wu Yuting , Wang Huiyao , Chen Xiaoli , Xiong Zuhong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe high‐level reverse intersystem crossing (HL‐RISC, T2 → S1) process from triplet to singlet exciton, namely the “hot exciton” channel, has recently been demonstrated in the traditional fluorescent emitter of TBRb. Although it is a potential pathway to improve the utilization of non‐radiative triplet exciton energy, highly efficient fluorescent organic light emitting diodes (FOLEDs) based on this “hot exciton” channel have not been developed. Herein, high‐efficiency and low‐efficiency roll‐off FOLEDs are achieved through doping TBRb molecules into an energy‐level matched exciplex co‐host. Combining the low‐level RISC (LL‐RISC, EX3 → EX1) process in the exciplex co‐host with the HL‐RISC process of hot excitons in TBRb to fully harvest the triplet energy, a record‐high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 20.4% is obtained via a proper Dexter energy transfer of triplet excitons, realizing the efficiency breakthrough from fully fluorescent material‐based OLEDs with TBRb as an end emitter. Furthermore, the fingerprint Magneto‐electroluminescence (MEL) as a sensitive measuring tool is employed to visualize the “hot exciton” channel in TBRb, which also directly verifies the effective energy confinement and the full utilization of hot excitons. Obviously, this work paves a promising way for further fabricating high‐efficiency TBRb‐based FOLEDs for lighting and flat‐panel display applications.
Accurate Prediction of Antimicrobial Susceptibility for Point‐of‐Care Testing of Urine in Less than 90 Minutes via iPRISM Cassettes
Authors: Jiang Xin , Borkum Talya , Shprits Sagi , Boen Joseph , Arshavsky‐Graham Sofia , Rofman Baruch , Strauss Merav , Colodner Raul , Sulam Jeremias , Halachmi Sarel , Leonard Heidi , Segal Ester 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe extensive and improper use of antibiotics has led to a dramatic increase in the frequency of antibiotic resistance among human pathogens, complicating infectious disease treatments. In this work, a method for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is presented using microstructured silicon diffraction gratings integrated into prototype devices, which enhance bacteria‐surface interactions and promote bacterial colonization. The silicon microstructures act also as optical sensors for monitoring bacterial growth upon exposure to antibiotics in a real‐time and label‐free manner via intensity‐based phase‐shift reflectometric interference spectroscopic measurements (iPRISM). Rapid AST using clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli) from urine is established and the assay is applied directly on unprocessed urine samples from urinary tract infection patients. When coupled with a machine learning algorithm trained on clinical samples, the iPRISM AST is able to predict the resistance or susceptibility of a new clinical sample with an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUC) of ∼ 0.85 in 1 h, and AUC > 0.9 in 90 min, when compared to state‐of‐the‐art automated AST methods used in the clinic while being an order of magnitude faster.
Parahydrogen‐Polarized [1‐13C]Pyruvate for Reliable and Fast Preclinical Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Nagel Luca , Gierse Martin , Gottwald Wolfgang , Ahmadova Zumrud , Grashei Martin , Wolff Pascal , Josten Felix , Karaali Senay , Müller Christoph A. , Lucas Sebastian , Scheuer Jochen , Müller Christoph , Blanchard John , Topping Geoffrey J. , Wendlinger Andre , Setzer Nadine , Sühnel Sandra , Handwerker Jonas , Vassiliou Christophoros , van Heijster Frits H.A. , Knecht Stephan , Keim Michael , Schilling Franz , Schwartz Ilai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHyperpolarization techniques increase nuclear spin polarization by more than four orders of magnitude, enabling metabolic MRI. Even though hyperpolarization has shown clear value in clinical studies, the complexity, cost and slowness of current equipment limits its widespread use. Here, a polarization procedure of [1‐13C]pyruvate based on parahydrogen‐induced polarization by side‐arm hydrogenation (PHIP‐SAH) in an automated polarizer is demonstrated. It is benchmarked in a study with 48 animals against a commercial dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d‐DNP) device. Purified, concentrated (≈70–160 mM) and highly hyperpolarized (≈18%) solutions of pyruvate are obtained at physiological pH for volumes up to 2 mL within 85 s in an automated process. The safety profile, image quality, as well as the quantitative perfusion and lactate‐to‐pyruvate ratios, are equivalent for PHIP and d‐DNP, rendering PHIP a viable alternative to established hyperpolarization techniques.
RGB Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes toward Realizing the BT.2020 Standard
Authors: Fan Xiaochun , Hao Xiaoyao , Huang Feng , Yu Jia , Wang Kai , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the surging demand for ultra‐high‐resolution displays, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) announce the next‐generation color gamut standard, named ITU‐R Recommendation BT.2020, which not only sets a seductive but challenging milestone for display technologies but also urges researchers to recognize the importance of color coordinates. Organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are an important display technology in current daily life, but they face challenges in approaching the BT.2020 standard. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have bright prospects in OLEDs because they possess 100% theoretical exciton utilization. Thus, the development of TADF emitters emitting primary red (R), green (R), and blue (B) emission is of great significance. Here, a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in TADF emitters that exhibit Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) coordinates surpassing the National Television System Committee (NTSC) and approaching BT.2020 standards is presented. Rational strategies for molecular designs, as well as the resulting photophysical properties and OLED performances, are discussed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for shifting the CIE coordinates of both donor‐acceptor and multiple resonance (MR) typed TADF emitters toward the BT.2020 standard. Finally, the challenges in realization of the wide‐color‐gamut BT.2020 standard and the prospects for this research area are provided.