bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Diabetic Foot–Pain–Depression Cycle
Authors: Brooks Brandon M. , Shih Chia-Ding , Brooks Bradley M. , Tower Dyane E. , Tran Tiffany T. , Simon Janet E. , Armstrong David G. 
Published: July 2023

Background: More than 86,000 Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergo nontraumatic lower-extremity amputations annually. The opioid-prescribing practice of podiatric surgeons remains understudied. We hypothesized that patients with T2DM who undergo any forefoot amputation while using antidepressant medication will have reduced odds of using opioids beyond 7 days.
Methods: We completed a retrospective cohort study examining patients with T2DM who underwent forefoot amputation (toe, ray, transmetatarsal). Data were restricted to patients with a hemoglobin A1c level less than 8.0% and an ankle-brachial index greater than 0.8. The outcome was use of postoperative opioids beyond 7 days. Patients received an initial opioid prescription of 7 days or less. We developed simple logistic regression models to identify the odds of a patient using opioids beyond 7 days by patient variables: age, race, sex, amputation level, body mass index, antidepressant medication use, and marital status. Variables with P < .1 in the univariate analysis were included in the multiple logistic regression model.
Results: Fifty patients met the inclusion criteria. Antidepressant use and marital status were the only statistically significant variables. Adjusting for marital status, patients with antidepressant use had decreased odds (odds ratio, 0.018; 95% confidence interval, 0.001–0.229; P = .002) of using opioids beyond 7 days after a diabetic forefoot amputation.
Conclusions: Patients with T2DM who used antidepressants had significantly reduced odds of using opioids beyond 1 week after forefoot amputations compared with those without antidepressant use. We proposed an underlying diabetic foot–pain–depression cycle. To break the cycle, podiatric surgeons should screen this population for depression preoperatively and postoperatively and not hesitate to make a mental health referral if warranted. Nontraumatic amputations can be a traumatic experience for patients; psychiatrists and other mental health providers should be members of limb preservation teams.
Distribution of Dissolved Organic Matter from Fermentation Chicken Waste to Climbing Perch (Anabas testudineus Bloch) Larvae Viability
Authors: Elrifadah  , Marlida Rini 
Published: July 2023

Until now, the nutritional needs of larvae have only been partially identified and much is still unknown. The nutritional needs of climbing perch larvae after the yolk has been absorbed requires a comprehensive study. The research took place at the Wet Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Achmad Yani University.The objective of this research was to study about climbing perch (Anabas testudineus Bloch) larvae viability on removal of exogenous food by distribution of dissolved organic matter from fermentation of chicken waste. Completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 6 replicates was used in this research. Application dissolved organic matter was 250 mL/aquaria (A), 500 mL/aquaria (B), 750 mL/aquaria (C), and without dissolved organic matter (D). The data is analyzed using analysis of variance (Anova), and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Larvae survival rate for all treatments was very low. Each reached 0% in days 9 and 10 for treatment A and B. For treatment C and D in day 8. Anova result indicated that dissolved organic matter had significant effect (P<0.05) to absolute growth of larvae. DMRT test showed that each treatment had significant difference, except treatment C to D had no difference. The best growth for this research was treatment B.
Influence of Biofertilizers and Zinc Sulphate on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Reddy Kasidi Divakar , Singh Rajesh , Pradhan Akankhya 
Published: July 2023

The field study took place at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P. ), India, during the Rabi season of 2022. To research how Zinc Sulphate and Bio-fertilizers affect the production and growth of Maize. PSB, Azotobacter, PSB + Azotobacter, and Zinc Sulphate 20, 25, and 30 kg/ha make up the treatments. The soil on the experimental plot had a sandy loamy texture, had a pH of 7.8, and had little organic carbon (0.35%). The results showed that the greater plant height (159.03 cm), plant dry weight (162.70 g/plant), crop growth rate (64.12 g/m2/day), number of cobs per plant (1.8), number of rows per cob (16.8), number of seeds per cob (553.4), higher 100 seed weight (29.3 gm), higher Grain yield (6.5 t/ha) higher straw yield (12.9 t/ha), and Harvest index (33.8) were significantly influenced with the application of PSB + Azotobacter + Zinc Sulphate 30 kg/ha.
An Analytic Case Study of Lentic Ecosystem and Rejuvenation of Bellandur and Varthur Lakes in Bengaluru, India
Authors: Singh Uday Vir 
Published: July 2023

Bengaluru, the town of Kempegowda was known as the city of lakes till the sixties decade of the twentieth century now transformed into pools of sewage over the years. The natural drainage system has been completely obliterated in the name of development and resulting in unprecedented floods in the south eastern part of the city during the 2022 monsoon and before. There were 612 lakes (live as well as disused) in the present area of Bengaluru city (except Anekal taluka). It is observed that the rejuvenation of lakes could not be succeeded because of the continuous inflow of sewage in them. Bellandur and Varthur lakes are no exception. Public and judiciary intervention has put pressure on the State to attempt rejuvenation of many lakes. Despite regular monitoring of rejuvenation works in the initial stages by a Committee appointed by National Green Tribunal, the works are not yet completed. Treatment of sewage generated in the catchment of Belandure and Varthuru lakes is around 453.50 MLD million litter per day (MLD) against the flow of 553 MLD. To regulate the outflow and foam formation, sluice gates are constructed and waste wear are renovated in both lakes. Desilting is a major task among the other works for rejuvenation. The silt removed from Varthuru lake is non-hazardous and used by farmers in their fields but the silt removed from Bellandur lake is dumped in the abandoned stone quaries since being contaminated. The results of soil analysis have been given in various tables. The groundwater is fond non -contaminated. Belandure lake play a role of buffer zone for Varthur lake.
Knowledge and Awareness of Elementary School Teachers about Reading Disability (Dyslexia) in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Medina 2018
Authors: Albeladi Wala Saleh , Al-Dubai Sami 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: For several years teachers have been concerned about students who appear normal, intelligent, and healthy, but struggle with reading and learning to read and write. These difficulties are identified under the concept of dyslexia [1]. Dyslexia is defined as learning disability that is neurobiological in origin. It is characterized by problems with fluent word recognition and by poor spelling and interpreting skills.
Rationale of Study: Dyslexia appears to be the most common learning disability in mainstream schools since the average number of children with dyslexia universally appears to be between 10-15% of the population [19].
Objectives of the Study: To assess Knowledge and Awareness of al-medina elementary school teachers about reading disability (dyslexia).
Methodology: Cross sectional study.
This study was conducted in al-Medina city. It is located at the north western region of kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Al-Medina city has 208 Elementary female schools and 181 Elementary male schools (published in ministry of education website 1438 The study population included female and male Saudi teachers in primary schools in Al-Medina the total population (Saudi female and male teachers in primary schools) 10,522 expected frequency =50% at 95% confidence level the sample size =371 (calculated by using survey software A self-reported questionnaire was give to primary schools teachers.
Results: A total of 380 teachers of elementary school in Madinah city, Saudi Arabia were included in the study. The personal characteristics of the studied subjects are presented in Table 1. The mean (±SD) age of the studied teachers was 40.6(±6.2) years and age ranged from 25-59 years. About 41.6% were above the age of 40 years and about half of the studied teachers were males (51.3%). The majority were married (92.6%), and had more than 3 children. The majority had bachelor degree (72.6%). Almost all the studied teachers reported to have monthly income of more than 8000 SR (97.1%). More than half of the studied teachers were teaching Arabic and Islamic subjects (56.8%), 22.4% of the teachers were teaching science and Mathematics. Teachers with work experience > 10 years were representing 58.2% of the studied sample with the mean years of experience was 8.4 ± 4.6 (1-19 years).
Conclusions: The present study revealed that good level of knowledge on dyslexia among the studied elementary school teachers in Madinah City to account (42.9%). The results showed also that the majority of teachers to have positive opinion about the need of educational program and special training courses on dyslexia. Although not significant, good level of knowledge on dyslexia was varied by the socio-demographic characteristics of the studied teachers. The higher level was among teachers aged ≤ 40 years, male teachers, married teachers, teachers having 1-3 children, teachers having bachelor degree. The highest percent of good knowledge was found among science and mathematics teachers.
First-Line Genomic Profiling in Previously Untreated Advanced Solid Tumors for Identification of Targeted Therapy Opportunities
Authors: Matsubara Junichi , Mukai Kumi , Kondo Tomohiro , Yoshioka Masahiro , Kage Hidenori , Oda Katsutoshi , Kudo Ryo , Ikeda Sadakatsu , Ebi Hiromichi , Muro Kei , Hayashi Ryuji , Tokudome Nahomi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Muto Manabu 
Published: July 2023

IMPORTANCEPrecision oncology using comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) by next-generation sequencing is aimed at companion diagnosis and genomic profiling. The clinical utility of CGP before the standard of care (SOC) is still not resolved, and more evidence is needed.OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical utility of next-generation CGP (FoundationOne CDx [F1CDx]) in patients with previously untreated metastatic or recurrent solid tumors.DESIGN, Setting, and ParticipantsThis multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study enrolled patients with previously untreated advanced solid tumors between May 18, 2021, and February 16, 2022, with follow-up through August 16, 2022. The study was conducted at 6 hospitals in Japan. Eligible patients were aged 20 years or older and had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1 with previously untreated metastatic or recurrent cancers in the gastrointestinal or biliary tract; pancreas, lung, breast, uterus, or ovary; and malignant melanoma.EXPOSUREComprehensive genomic profiling testing before SOC for advanced solid tumors.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESProportion of patients with actionable or druggable genomic alterations and molecular-based recommended therapy (MBRT).RESULTSA total of 183 patients met the inclusion criteria and 180 patients (92 men [51.1%]) with a median age of 64 years (range, 23-88 years) subsequently underwent CGP (lung [n = 28], colon/small intestine [n = 27], pancreas [n = 27], breast [n = 25], biliary tract [n = 20], gastric [n = 19], uterus [n = 12], esophagus [n = 10], ovary [n = 6], and skin melanoma [n = 6]). Data from 172 patients were available for end point analyses. Actionable alterations were found in 172 patients (100.0%; 95% CI, 97.9%-100.0%) and druggable alternations were identified in 109 patients (63.4%; 95% CI, 55.7%-70.6%). The molecular tumor board identified MBRT for 105 patients (61.0%; 95% CI, 53.3%-68.4%). Genomic alterations included in the companion diagnostics list of the CGP test were found in 49 patients (28.5%; 95% CI, 21.9%-35.9%) in a tumor-agnostic setting. After a median follow-up of 7.9 months (range, 0.5-13.2 months), 34 patients (19.8%; 95% CI, 14.1%-26.5%) received MBRT.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThe findings of this study suggest that CGP testing before SOC for patients with advanced solid tumors may be clinically beneficial to guide the subsequent anticancer therapies, including molecularly matched treatments.
Alignment of subjective and objective driving impairment following alcohol and cannabis use: A systematic review
Authors: Love Steven , Larue Grégoire S. , Rowland Bevan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis systematic review investigated the alignment of objective and subjective driving impairment following alcohol and cannabis administration. Under PRISMA guidelines, a literature search was conducted on various research databases. Studies (N = 20) were included if they were within‐subjects designs, included acute alcohol or cannabis administration, and implemented both objective and subjective measures of driving performance. The review revealed that although the current evidence was limited, there was an apparent (albeit inconsistent) alignment between subjective and objective measures of driving impairment for both alcohol and cannabis conditions. Notably, preliminary evidence suggested that heavier alcohol users may be inclined to underestimate their impairment, whilst cannabis users may overestimate the level of their impairment. However, the current literature was considered limited due to the absence of adequate analytical support, the simplistic (and potentially misleading) approaches to measuring impairment, and the lack of inquiry into how interpersonal differences mediate the subjective‐objective relationship.
Coherent Control of Wave Beams Via Unidirectional Evanescent Modes Excitation
Authors: Zhong Shuomin , Wang Xuchen , Tretyakov Sergei A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConventional coherent absorption occurs only when two incident beams exhibit mirror symmetry with respect to the absorbing surface, i.e., the two beams have the same incident angles, phases, and amplitudes. This study proposes a more general metasurface paradigm for coherent perfect absorption with impinging waves from arbitrary asymmetric directions. By exploiting excitation of unidirectional evanescent waves, the output can be fixed at one reflection direction for any amplitude and phase of the control wave. It shows theoretically and confirm experimentally that the relative amplitude of the reflected wave can be tuned continuously from zero to unity by changing the phase difference between the two beams, i.e., switching from coherent perfect absorption to full reflection. It hopes that this study will open up promising possibilities for wave manipulation via evanescent waves engineering with applications in optical switches, optical computing, one‐side sensing, photovoltaics, and radar cross‐section control.
Starfish‐Inspired Cut‐Resistant Hydrogel with Self‐Growing Armor: Where Softness Meets Toughness
Authors: Zhao Yiming , Chen Yue , Song Xiaoyu , Li Yuan , Zhang Limin , Meng Yeqiao , Zhang Xiaolai , Qiu Xiaoyong , Huang Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMany soft animals like starfish have developed armors to protect their soft bodies in order to survive in harsh environment. Inspired by this fact, special hydrogels with self‐growing protective armors are developed by allowing sodium acetate to crystallize on hydrogel surface. Poly(acrylic acid) chains limit the crystalline region to the surface of the hydrogel by decreasing the pH value and limiting the movement of ions, and then creating a set of tough armor. This armor‐protected hydrogel is able to withstand a high pressure (> 78 MPa) under cutting and prevent the penetration of sharp objects. Interestingly, the unique stimulated‐precipitation mechanism allows the armor to repair itself after damage. Besides, the surface of hydrogel changes from “sticky” to “slippery”, which also helps to improve its protective ability. Moreover, the armor helps to retrain water in hydrogel network, and significantly improve the mechanical properties of hydrogels (maximum compressive stress >18 MPa, compressive strain > 90%). In addition, the hydrogel can keep soft and work durably at extreme temperatures (−50 °C and 80 °C) due to the high salt concentration. This study provides an innovative approach for designing armor‐protected hydrogels with great potential in engineering applications such as actuators and sensors for harsh environments.
Synergistic Amplification of Ferroptosis with Liposomal Oxidation Catalyst and Gpx4 Inhibitor for Enhanced Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yuan Ye , Tian Chunyu , Wang Qi , Qiu Xinyu , Wang Yufang , Jiang Hulin , Hao Jifu , He Yujing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs a distinctly different way from apoptosis, ferroptosis can cause cell death through excessive accumulation of lipid peroxide (LPO) and show great potential for cancer therapy. However, efficient strategies for ferroptosis therapy are still facing great challenges, mainly due to insufficient endogenous H2O2 or relatively high pH value for Fenton reaction‐dependent ferroptosis, and the high redox level of tumor cells attenuates the oxidation therapy. Herein, an efficient lipid‐based delivery system to load oxidation catalyst and glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) inhibitor is orchestrated, intending to amplify Fenton reaction‐independent ferroptosis by bidirectional regulation of LPO accumulation. Ferric ammonium citrate (FAC), Gpx4 inhibitor sorafenib (SF), and unsaturated lipids are constructed into mPEG2K‐DSPE‐modified liposomes (Lip@SF&FAC). Influenced by the high level of intratumoral glutathione, FAC can be converted into Fe2+, and subsequently the formed iron redox pair (Fe2+/Fe3+) catalyzes unsaturated phospholipids of liposomes into LPO via a Fenton reaction‐independent manner. Meanwhile, SF can downregulate LPO reduction by inhibiting Gpx4 activation. In vitro and in vivo antitumor experiments show that Lip@SF&FAC induces massive LPO accumulation in tumor cells and ultimately exhibits strong tumor‐killing ability with negligible side effect. Consequently, this two‐pronged approach provides a new ferroptosis strategy for predominant LPO accumulation and enhanced cancer therapy.
Shape‐Programmable Liquid‐Crystalline Polyurethane‐Based Multimode Actuators Triggered by Light‐Driven Molecular Motors
Authors: Bao Jinying , Wang Zizheng , Song Chenjie , Zhang Yuhan , Li Zhaozhong , Zhang Lanying , Lan Ruochen , Yang Huai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn recent years, light‐driven soft actuators have been rapidly developed as enablers in the fabrication of artificial robots and biomimetic devices. However, it remains challenging to amplify molecular isomerization to multiple modes of macroscopic actuation with large amplitude and complex motions. Here, a strategy is reported to build a light‐responsive liquid‐crystalline polyurethane elastomer by phototriggered overcrowded alkene‐based molecular motors. A trifunctional molecular motor modified with an ethylene glycol spacer on the rotor and stator functions as a crosslinker and unidirectional stirrer that amplifies molecular motion into macroscopic movement. The shape‐programmable polymeric film presents superior mechanical properties and characteristic shape‐memory effect. Furthermore, diverse modes of motions including bending, unwinding, and contracting with tunable actuation speed over a wide range are achieved. Such research is hoped to pave a new way for the design of advanced light‐responsive soft actuators and robots.
Core Electron Count as a Versatile and Accurate New Descriptor for Sorting Mechanical Properties of Diverse Transition Metal Compounds
Authors: Zhang Rui , Gu Xinlei , Zhang Kan , Gao Xinxin , Liu Chang , Chen Changfeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTransition‐metal light‐element compounds show superb mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties, and accurate descriptors are important to sorting targeted properties among this vast class of materials. Valence electron concentration (VEC) can track broad trends of mechanical properties, but this widely used descriptor suffers low accuracy with sorted data strongly scattered along trendlines, necessitating an improved sorting strategy. Here, elastic parameters from first‐principles calculations are examined for 81 ternary transition‐metal nitrides (TMN) in cubic structure and 81 ternary transition‐metal diborides (TMB2) in hexagonal structure and identify core electron count (CEC) of the solvent atoms as a new descriptor. Combined with VEC, the composite VEC–CEC descriptor exhibits greatly improved ability to sort elastic parameters of distinct TMN and TMB2 compounds. Unregulated property variations under the VEC description are well‐captured by CEC, which tends to enhance ductility and reduce strength at fixed VEC and rising CEC. By invoking a full‐electron consideration, the VEC–CEC descriptor accounts for the impact on bonding behaviors by both core and valence electrons with much‐improved accuracy and versatility in sorting mechanical properties of diverse TM compounds compared to many other commonly used descriptors, opening a fresh path for rational design and optimization of TM compounds with tailored performance benchmarks.
Quinones for Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Battery: A Prospective on Redox Potential, Solubility, and Stability
Authors: Hasan Fuead , Mahanta Vivekananda , Abdelazeez Ahmed Adel A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn recent years, there has been considerable interest in the potential of quinones as a promising category of electroactive species for use in aqueous organic redox flow batteries. These materials offer tunable properties and the ability to function as both positive and negative electrolytes, making them highly versatile and suitable for a range of applications. Ongoing research has focused on improving the stability, solubility, and performance of quinones, with a particular emphasis on the creation of stable negolytes. The pairing of these advancements with alternate chemistries has created new prospects for commercial applications. However, challenges persist regarding the stability of quinones in high‐potential electrolytes and the limited number of viable quinones available. Despite these obstacles, significant strides have been made, and the potential for quinones to revolutionize energy storage technology is vast. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in this area, with a specific focus on redox potential, solubility, and stability, and offers valuable insights into the future of quinone‐based aqueous organic redox flow batteries.
Exfoliated Transition Metal Dichalcogenide‐Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Minadakis Michail P. , Tagmatarchis Nikos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has proved to be a hard‐to‐overlook impediment for the development of water splitting devices, metal‐air batteries, or photo‐electrochemical cells, to name but a few. Electro‐ and photo‐electrocatalysts, designed using inexpensive materials, that demand low overpotential values to smoothly drive OER in either electrolyzer devices or proton‐exchange membrane cells, as well as withstand harsh conditions and repetitive cycling, are fervently desired by the industry. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), namely MoS2, WS2, MoSe2 and WSe2 as the main representatives, especially when engineered via exfoliation methods, have been highlighted as modular scaffolds for electrocatalytic applications, owed to their ability to have their intrinsic characteristics fine‐tuned. In this review, the goal is to highlight the role of exfoliation, as a means of ability engineering, by presenting significant works where these TMDs constitute the core part for OER‐catalyzing nanohybrid systems.