bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periplogenin attenuates LPS-mediated inflammatory osteolysis through the suppression of osteoclastogenesis via reducing the NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways
Authors: Liu Qian , Gan Kai , Lian Haoyu , Yang Tao , Huang Jian , Chen Junchun , Su Yuangang , Zhao Jinmin , Xu Jiake 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The key target for treating inflammatory osteolysis is osteoclasts. In an inflammatory environment, osteoclast differentiation increases, and bone resorption is enhanced. Periplogenin (Ppg) is a traditional Chinese medicine. It has anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects, but its impact on inflammatory osteolysis is unknown. This study found that Ppg prevented LPS-induced skull osteolysis by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines and osteoclast production. In vitro, Ppg blocked the RANKL-induced generation of osteoclasts, the development of pseudopodia bands, and bone resorption. Ppg also attenuated the expression of NFATc1, c-Fos, CTSK, and Atp6v0d2 proteins by inhibiting the NFATc1 signaling pathway. Additionally, Ppg inhibited the expression of osteoclast-specific genes, including NFATc1, c-Fos, CTSK, Atp6v0d2, and Mmp9. Moreover, Ppg also inhibited NF-κB and MAPK pathways. In vivo, Ppg reduced the number of osteoclasts on the surface of the bone and suppressed LPS-induced osteolysis of the skull. These outcomes suggest that Ppg can serve as a new alternative therapy for treating inflammatory osteolysis by inhibiting inflammation and osteoclasts.
Study on drug susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and its correlation with virulence genes
Authors: Ji Xiaojuan , Lu Hongfei , Lu Jingfa , Ye Xiaoying , You Cong , Li Longnian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aim
Staphylococcus aureus has become a common pathogen that causes hospital-acquired infections. This study aimed to investigate the drug resistance and virulence genes (mupA, fnbA, arcA, PVL, TSST, mecA, ermC, ermA) of Staphylococcus aureus from infectious patients in a tertiary hospital in China. Moreover, the levels of these genes in erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates were performed.
Methods
From 2020 to 2022, 58 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with clinical Staphylococcus aureus infection in the hospital were collected, and strain identification and susceptibility tests were performed by using VITEK 2 and supporting gram-negative bacteria identification cards. DNA was extracted using a DNA extraction kit and all genes were magnified using the polymerase chain reaction.
Results
A total of 58 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were detected in 58 wound and secretion specimens. MRSA isolates accounted for 48.3% and MSSA isolates accounted for 51.7%. The percentage of multidrug resistance (MDR) in Staphylococcus aureus isolates was 60.3%. Staphylococcus aureus was highly susceptible to ceftaroline, tigecycline, teicoplanin, vancomycin, daptomycin, and linezolid, while it was highly resistant to benzylpenicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, and oxacillin. fnbA was the gene with the highest detection rate (100%), and arcA also had a higher detection rate (98.3%), followed by mecA (56%), TSST (46.6%), ermA (33.3%), mupA (27.6%), ermC (17.5%), and PVL (13.8%). There were significant differences in the distribution of mecA, ermC, and ermA in erythromycin-resistant and erythromycin-sensitive isolates (P < 0.05), and there were also statistically significant differences in resistance to oxacillin, sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin, cefoxitin, and clindamycin (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The incidence of infection caused by multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus increases significantly with the prevalence of MRSA. The genes mecA, ermC, and ermA are virulence factors in antibiotic-resistant strains and are significantly associated with erythromycin. Erythromycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus is more susceptible to resistance to oxacillin, sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin, cefoxitin, and clindamycin.
Modification of the winter North Atlantic jet stream due to anthropogenic climate change
Authors: Verger Alejandro Hermoso , Riviere Gwendal , Harvey Ben , Methven John , Schemm Sebastian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The North Atlantic jet stream has hardly shifted poleward over recent decades, nor has it weakened as suggested by arguments based solely on Arctic amplification. Instead, it has mostly remained in place and even strengthened for reasons under debate. Earth system models mostly fail to accurately predict this behavior of the North Atlantic jet stream. Here we show that an increase in diabatic heating beneath the jet entrance over east coast of North America affects the jet directly by modifying potential vorticity and the position of the tropopause and indirectly through an enhancement of eddy momentum flux convergence at the jet core as Rossby waves propagate meridionally away from their excitation region. The direct mechanism produces a local intensification and slight poleward shift of the jet entrance, while the indirect mechanism has an impact downstream, where there is an acceleration of the jet core and weaker westerlies along the jet flanks thereby reducing the jet width while establishing a tripolar pattern of change. A two-dimensional frontal-geostrophic simulation illustrates the direct mechanism whereby enhanced diabatic heating, associated with extratropical cyclones, intensifies the jet. Additionally, an idealised global warming experiment with a global circulation model confirms the role of baroclinicity and diabatic heating in setting the jet response to warming. Finally, using a fully-coupled Community Earth System Model ensemble forced with the SSP3-7.0 scenario, we show that uncertainty in the evolution of the North Atlantic jet is linked to the large spread in the position of the baroclinic trend. What emerges from the model hierarchy is a physically consistent explanation of the North Atlantic jet response to warming.
Establishment of a prognostic signature for hepatocellular carcinoma using disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs
Authors: Yang Yunchuan , Zhou Chi , Ma Xiang , Xu Nan , Ding Ding , Ma Zhongzheng , Liu Hao , Zhou Lei , Cui Peiyuan , Liu Mulin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Disulfidptosis is a recently discovered form of programmed cell death that may be a new direction in tumor treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, how disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs (DRLs) are involved in regulating HCC is not yet understood. This study aimed to establish a prognostic signature for DRLs and analyze their clinical value in patients with HCC.
Method
RNA sequencing, mutation, and clinically relevant data were collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). Univariate Cox analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis, and multivariate Cox analysis were conducted to evaluate DRLs. On the basis of these analyses, a prognostic signature was developed. Subsequently, we validated the accuracy of this prognostic signature using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, C-index, survival curve, nomogram, and principal component analysis (PCA). Finally, we performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), tumor mutation burden (TMB) analysis, immune-related analysis, tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) analysis, and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) predictions.
Results
A prognostic signature consisting of MKLN1-AS, TMCC1-AS1, AL603839.2, AC245060.7 and AL049840.3 was developed. This prognostic signature demonstrated reliable predictive capability for estimating the survival time of patients with HCC. We observed notable differences between the high- and low-risk groups in terms of immune cell population, immune function, TIDE, and IC50.
Conclusions
A new prognostic signature was developed based on the five DRLs to predict the prognosis of patients with HCC, which may be helpful for individualized therapeutic strategies.
Sex and gender correlates of sexually polymorphic cognition
Authors: Cartier Louis , Guérin Mina , Saulnier Fanny , Cotocea Ioana , Mohammedi Amine , Moussaoui Fadila , Kheloui Sarah , Juster Robert-Paul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Sexually polymorphic cognition (SPC) results from the interaction between biological (birth-assigned sex (BAS), sex hormones) and sociocultural (gender identity, gender roles, sexual orientation) factors. The literature remains quite mixed regarding the magnitude of the effects of these variables. This project used a battery of classic cognitive tests designed to assess the influence of sex hormones on cognitive performance. At the same time, we aimed to assess the inter-related and respective effects that BAS, sex hormones, and gender-related factors have on SPC.
Methods: We recruited 222 adults who completed eight cognitive tasks that assessed a variety of cognitive domains during a 150-minute session. Subgroups were recruited as follows: cisgender heterosexual men (n = 46), cisgender non-heterosexual men (n = 36), cisgender heterosexual women (n = 36), cisgender non-heterosexual women (n = 38), gender diverse (n = 66). Saliva samples were collected before, during, and after the test to assess testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, cortisol, and dehydroepiandrosterone. Psychosocial variables were derived from self-report questionnaires.
Results: Cognitive performance reflects sex and gender differences that are partially consistent with the literature. Interestingly, biological factors seem to better explain differences in male-typed cognitive tasks (e.g., spatial), while psychosocial factors seem to better explain differences in female-typed cognitive tasks (e.g., verbal).
Conclusion: Our results provide a solid foundation for better understanding SPC by going beyond BAS as a binary. We highlight the importance of treating sex as a biological factor and gender as a sociocultural factor together since they collectively influence SPC.
Smart ellipsometry with physics-informed deep learning
Authors: Liu Shiyuan , Chen Xiuguo , Liu Shuo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Ellipsometry is a century-old optical measurement technique extensively used to determine thicknesses and optical constants of thin films. Nevertheless, as ellipsometry is essentially an indirect characterization method, ellipsometry data analysis, which traditionally involves tedious and time-consuming human-expert intervention and requires adequate knowledge and experience to model the optical properties of film materials, has long been universally considered to be challenging. We proposed a smart ellipsometry network (SENet), with which optical constants satisfying the Kramers–Kronig relations can be achieved automatically without any prior knowledge of material optical properties. The proposed method was verified experimentally using a variety of thin films, with the materials covering metals, dielectrics and semiconductors in an ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared broad spectral range. Furthermore, our method demonstrated remarkable generalization capabilities in the analysis of thin films at different angles of incidence, in different spectral ranges, and prepared on different substrates from those in the generation of the training dataset. The developed method paves the way for ellipsometry as a general characterization technique that allows for the automatic, accurate, and fast determination of material optical properties.
Aspirin intervention before ICU admission reduced the mortality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: Results From the MIMIC-IV
Authors: Meng Yao , Lin Yi , Zhang Jia-wei , Zou Wen-li , Liu Yue-ming , Shen Xiao-gang , Shen Quan-quan , Wang Min-min , Shao Li-na , Feng Hong-yuan , Zhu Yan , Yu Jing-ting , Lin Bo , Zhu Bin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Aspirin, with its pleiotropic effects such as anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet aggregation, has been widely used for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and cardiovascular diseases. However, the association between the use of aspirin before the intensive care unit (ICU) and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) is unknown.
Methods
Patients with AKI in this retrospective observational study were selected from the Marketplace for Medical Information in Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV). The association between aspirin intervention and 30-day mortality was assessed using Cox proportional hazards model. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association of aspirin intervention with the risks of intracranial hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding and blood transfusion. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was adopted to balance the baseline variables. Sensitivity analysis was performed to validate the results by multiple interpolations for the missing data.
Results
The study included 4237 pre-ICU aspirin users and 9745 non-users. In multivariate models, we found a decreased risk of mortality in those who received aspirin before ICU compared to those who did not (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; 95% CI, 0.62–0.79; p < 0.001). This benefit was consistent in the post-PSM analyses, sensitivity analyses, and subgroup analyses. Moreover, aspirin intervention was associated with a reduced risk of intracranial hemorrhage and gastrointestinal bleeding (HR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.10–0.25; p < 0.001; HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.38–0.88, p = 0.012) after being adjusted by relating covariates, whereas with a increased risk of blood transfusion (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.16–1.46; p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Patients with AKI treated with aspirin before ICU admission might have reduced 30-day mortality without increasing the risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) or gastrointestinal bleeding,but may increase the risk of transfusion.
Climate warming and nitrogen deposition had no significant interaction effect on litter decomposition of subtropical mountain forest in Southwest China
Authors: Li Yue , Wang Simeng , Wang Ying , Bu Menglong , Liu Shuai , Wu Chuansheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims
Litter decomposition is essential in the global carbon cycle, which is affected by environmental factors. Under the context of global warming and increasing nitrogen deposition, the responses of litter decomposition are unclear in subtropical forests.
Methods
Here, we carried out an interaction experiment of warming (3.3 oC) and nitrogen addition (50 kg ha− 1 yr− 1) and a recovery experiment (remove warming and nitrogen addition treatments) in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest for four years in total.
Results
The results showed that during the treatment period, warming, nitrogen addition, and their combination significantly decreased litter decomposition according to the k values by 35.8, 23.0, and 42.2%, respectively. However, there was no significant interaction between warming and nitrogen addition. Litter decomposition rates quickly returned to the same level during the two-year recovery period. Variance partitioning analysis (VPA) and covariance analysis (ANCOVA) simultaneously confirmed that warming and nitrogen addition significantly affected litter decomposition. VPA and ANCOVA also showed that soil temperature and water content significantly contributed to the decomposition rate in the treatment period.
Conclusions
This study suggests that warming and nitrogen addition significantly inhibit litter decomposition, but this effect is not sustainable.
Opposing effects of soil biota on a native plant shoot and root growth in the presence of a invasive competitor
Authors: Hao Zhou , Tang Xuefei , Wei Chunqiang , Gao Lunlun , Lu Xinmin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aims: Soil biota can affect native and alien species differently, and consequentially promote or suppress alien species invasion. However, how soil biota influence the competition between native and alien species has rarely been explored. Methods: Here, our study tested how the rhizosphere biota of the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides and its native congener A. sessile in China affected their competition with a greenhouse experiment.
Results: We found that soil biota, regardless from the rhizosphere of the native or the invasive plant, increased native plant total and shoot mass in the presence of the invasive plant but not in the presence of conspecific individual. Furthermore, soil biota from its own rhizosphere soils decreased native plant root mass in the presence of the invasive plant. Therefore, the native plant accumulated more shoot and total mass, but less root mass than the invasive plant only in the presence of soil biota.
Conclusions: Overall, our results highlight the importance of exploring the roles of soil biota in plant competition within a whole plant framework.
The impact of online parent-child communication quality on the social adaptation of left-behind children: The chain mediating role of parent-child relationship and resilience
Authors: Zhang Gen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the impact of online parent-child communication quality on the social adaptation of left-behind children, as well as the chain mediating role of parent-child relationship and resilience. A total of 539 left-behind children were surveyed using the Online Parent-child Communication Scale, Parent-Child Relationship Scale, Children Resilience Scale, and Children's Social Adaptation Scale. The results indicated that online parent-child communication quality positively predicted the social adaptation of left-behind children. Parent-child relationship mediated the relationship between online parent-child communication quality and social adaptation of left-behind children. Resilience mediated the relationship between online parent-child communication and social adaptation of left-behind children. Parent-child relationship and resilience had a chain-mediated role in the relationship between online parent-child communication and social adaptation of left-behind children. These findings contribute to understanding the impact of online parent-child communication quality on the social adaptation of left-behind children and its underlying mechanisms, providing important guidance for improving the social adaptation of left-behind children.
Prevalence and associated factors of prediabetes in Chinese inpatients with schizophrenia
Authors: Yi Wenying , Wu Haibo , Fu Weibin , Feng Huimei , Huang Jie , Li Haijing , Chen Yuwei , Zheng Yingjun , She Shenglin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in patients with schizophrenia. Prediabetes is associated with an increased risk of developing T2DM. However, little is known about prediabetes in patients with schizophrenia. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of prediabetes among adult inpatients with schizophrenia in a large psychiatric hospital in China.
Methods: This retrospective observational study included adult inpatients with schizophrenia who were discharged from the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University in 2019. Data were obtained from electronic records of this hospital. Prediabetes was defined as fasting blood glucose (FBG) 5.6–6.9 mmol/L or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 5.7%–6.4%. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the factors associated with prediabetes.
Results: A total of 1,725 inpatients with schizophrenia were included. The prevalence of prediabetes was 21.5%. The patients with prediabetes were older and had a longer duration of schizophrenia, fewer years of education, a higher prevalence of hypertension, a higher BMI, and higher levels of TG, TC and LDL-C than patients with normal glucose regulation. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that hypertension, age, BMI, and TG were significantly associated with prediabetes.
Conclusion: The prevalence of prediabetes was 21.5% in our study, which suggests that prediabetes is prevalent among schizophrenia inpatients in China. In addition, hypertension, age, BMI, and TG may be potential risk factors for prediabetes in patients with schizophrenia.
Designing a Robust and Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Neyigapula Bheema Shanker 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a pivotal role in a wide range of appli- cations, including environmental monitoring, surveillance, and healthcare. This research paper presents the development and implementation of Dynamic Energy- efficient Adaptive Routing (DEAR), a novel and robust routing protocol for WSNs. DEAR combines hierarchical clustering and data-centric approaches to achieve energy efficiency, adaptability to dynamic topologies, and fault toler- ance. The paper provides an in-depth analysis of DEAR’s algorithmic design, implementation process using C + + on the NS-3 simulation framework, and the resolution of technical challenges faced during development. Through extensive simulations, DEAR is compared with existing protocols, demonstrating its supe- riority in terms of energy consumption, network lifetime, and packet delivery ratio. The paper’s technical depth and detailed evaluation highlight DEAR’s abil- ity to overcome limitations of traditional routing solutions, making it a promising candidate for enhancing the performance and reliability of WSNs in practical scenarios.
The role of bile acids in the increased incidence of colorectal cancer in cholecystectomized patients
Authors: Gál Eleonóra , Menyhárt István , Varga Mónika , Szekeres András , Ábrahám Szabolcs , Váczi Dániel , Vasas Béla , Tiszlavicz László , Szepes Zoltán , Hegyi Péter , Venglovecz Viktória 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An increased incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been observed among cholecystectomized patients. However, the exact mechanism is not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of hepatic and gallbladder bile on normal and cancerous colon cells and to separately examine the effects of the most common bile acids (BAs). The concentrations of BAs in hepatic and gallbladder bile were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. The effects of bile and individual BAs (100, 300, 500, and 1000 µM) on the viability, proliferation, and metastatic potential of a normal cell line (FHC) and two adenocarcinoma (Caco-2 and FHC-116) cell lines were investigated using different cell assays. No difference was observed in the effects of hepatic and gallbladder bile on the proliferation of normal and adenocarcinoma cells. Among the BAs, taurine-conjugated BAs, especially taurocholic acid, time-dependently increased the proliferation of normal and adenocarcinoma cells and the metastatic potential of cancer cells. The study results showed that the increased risk of CRC in cholecystectomized patients is not due to bile composition changes, but elevated levels of taurine-conjugated BAs may contribute to the development or progression of CRC.