bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐Site Thoracoscopic Surgery for Extra‐Pulmonary Sequestration Using an Extraction Wound: Five Pediatric Cases With Favorable Cosmetic Outcomes
Authors: Yano Keisuke , Nishida Nanako , Kedoin Chihiro , Tabata Yumiko , Iwamoto Yumiko , Ogata Masato , Takada Lynne , Nagano Ayaka , Tsuruno Yudai , Murakami Masakazu , Sugita Koshiro , Onishi Shun , Harumatsu Toshio , Kawano Takafumi , Muto Mitsuru , Kaji Tatsuru , Ieiri Satoshi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMany institutions perform thoracoscopic surgery for pediatric extrapulmonary sequestration (EPS). This approach achieves good cosmetic outcomes due to the small skin incision in comparison to open surgery. However, an extension or additional incision is sometimes necessary to extract resected specimens from the thoracic cavity, which reduces the advantages of this procedure. We herein report 5 cases of two‐site thoracoscopic surgery (TTS) using an extraction wound with left‐sided EPS. In this procedure, a camera port was inserted inside the skin incision at the sixth intercostal space of the middle axillary line using optical methods, and the operator's left‐hand port was inserted inside the same skin incision. The EPS was resected and extracted through a skin incision without extension or additional incision. A surgeon‐in‐training performed the procedure in 4 of the 5 cases. The postoperative course was uneventful in all cases. The patients showed quick recovery and good cosmetic outcomes. TTS is a cosmetically favorable approach for EPS.
Patient‐Related Factors Associated With the Initiation of Potentially Inappropriate Medication in Home Care: An Observational Study Based on Resident Assessment Instrument Data
Authors: Paulamäki Jasmin , Jyrkkä Johanna , Hyttinen‐Huotari Virva , Huhtala Heini , Jämsen Esa 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe harmful outcomes of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) are highlighted among multimorbid older home care clients using several medicines. The aim of this study was to identify patient‐related factors associated with the initiation of PIMs.MethodsThis register‐based study used Resident Assessment Instrument‐Home Care (RAI‐HC) assessments (n = 6176) from year 2014 to 2015. PIMs were identified according to the Beers criteria. Generalised estimating equations were used to identify factors associated with the initiation of PIMs.FindingsA total of 228 (11.3%) clients initiated PIMs during the follow‐up (mean 13 months). Factors associated with higher odds to initiate PIMs were higher education (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.02–1.82), cognitive impairment (OR = 1.70, 1.02–2.82), reduced social interaction (OR = 1.50, 1.06–2.13), independent activity outdoors (OR = 1.72, 1.18–2.51), diabetes (OR = 1.47, 1.12–1.94), Parkinson's disease (OR = 3.42, 1.86–6.27) and longer interval between RAI assessments (OR = 1.09 per month, 1.02–1.18).ConclusionsIncidence of PIMs among home care clients was common. The results help healthcare professionals to focus more attention on clients more susceptible to PIM prescribing. Preventing PIM use is essential, especially among older adults with cognitive impairment, to prevent further decline of health status and admission to long‐term care.
A phase II study of zandelisib in patients with relapsed or refractory indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: ME‐401‐K02 study
Authors: Munakata Wataru , Kumode Takahiro , Goto Hideki , Fukuhara Noriko , Shimoyama Tatsu , Takeuchi Masahiro , Kawakita Toshiro , Kubo Kohmei , Sawa Masashi , Uchida Toshiki , Mishima Yuko , Ichii Michiko , Hanaya Miyoko , Matsumoto Asuka , Kuriki Masaaki , Seike Toshihiro , Izutsu Koji , Ishizawa Kenichi 
Published: January 2025

SummaryZandelisib, a selective, potent PI3Kδ inhibitor, demonstrated favourable outcomes in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma in a global phase II study. This phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of zandelisib for relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma or marginal zone lymphoma. Sixty‐one patients received zandelisib orally at 60 mg daily continuously in the first two 28‐day cycles, followed by intermittent dosing on Days 1–7 following each cycle until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity. Objective and complete response rates were 75.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 62.7%–85.5%) and 24.6% (95% CI, 14.5%–37.3%) respectively. Median time to response was 58 days; 70.5% (43/61) of patients achieved their first response by Week 8. At least one Grade ≥ 3 treatment‐emergent adverse event (TEAE) occurred in 55.7% of patients: transaminase elevation (8.2%); cutaneous reactions (3.3%); and diarrhoea, enterocolitis and lung infection (1.6% each), defined as adverse events of special interest. The discontinuation rate due to any TEAE was 14.8%. No zandelisib‐related death occurred. Zandelisib showed favourable efficacy and tolerability in Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory indolent non‐Hodgkin B‐cell lymphoma. This unique dosing schedule may maintain efficacy while mitigating the safety issues observed with other PI3Kδ inhibitors (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04533581).
Conservation benefits of a large marine protected area network that spans multiple ecosystems
Authors: Smith Joshua G. , Lopazanski Cori , Free Christopher M. , Brun Julien , Anderson Clarissa , Carr Mark H. , Claudet Joachim , Dugan Jenifer E. , Eurich Jacob G. , Francis Tessa B. , Gill David A. , Hamilton Scott L. , Kaschner Kristin , Mouillot David , Raimondi Peter T. , Starr Richard M. , Ziegler Shelby L. , Malone Daniel , Marraffini Michelle L. , Parsons‐Field Avrey , Spiecker Barbara , Yeager Mallarie , Nickols Kerry J. , Caselle Jennifer E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMarine protected areas (MPAs) are widely implemented tools for long‐term ocean conservation and resource management. Assessments of MPA performance have largely focused on specific ecosystems individually and have rarely evaluated performance across multiple ecosystems either in an individual MPA or across an MPA network. We evaluated the conservation performance of 59 MPAs in California's large MPA network, which encompasses 4 primary ecosystems (surf zone, kelp forest, shallow reef, deep reef) and 4 bioregions, and identified MPA attributes that best explain performance. Using a meta‐analytic framework, we evaluated the ability of MPAs to conserve fish biomass, richness, and diversity. At the scale of the network and for 3 of 4 regions, the biomass of species targeted by fishing was positively associated with the level of regulatory protection and was greater inside no‐take MPAs, whereas species not targeted by fishing had similar biomass in MPAs and areas open to fishing. In contrast, species richness and diversity were not as strongly enhanced by MPA protection. The key features of conservation effectiveness included MPA age, preimplementation fisheries pressure, and habitat diversity. Important drivers of MPA effectiveness for single MPAs were consistent across MPAs in the network, spanning regions and ecosystems. With international targets aimed at protecting 30% of the world's oceans by 2030, MPA design and assessment frameworks should consider conservation performance at multiple ecologically relevant scales, from individual MPAs to MPA networks.
Is mesh related morbidity the real thread in ventral rectopexy? Results of a retrospective international multicentre comparative analysis of biologic versus synthetic mesh
Authors: Christen Sebastian , Barron Emma , Gidl Daniel , Khoo Emily , Potter Mark , Stuebi Nadja , Geissbuehler Verena , Riss Stefan , von Strauss Marco , Collie Mhairi , Steinemann Daniel C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimVentral mesh rectopexy (VMR) is an established surgical treatment for rectal prolapse and outlet obstruction. In contrast to continental Europe, in the UK and US the use of synthetic mesh has been abandoned in favour of biologic mesh, due to concerns regarding mesh related morbidity. The current study investigated if either material is superior, in terms of clinical recurrence and mesh related complications.MethodsVMRs performed between March 2012 and July 2022 in three international pelvic floor centres were prospectively collected and retrospectively analysed, to look at the rate of complications and need for further therapy, including reoperation.ResultsA total of 360 patients were included in the study (140 biologic mesh (bm) / 220 synthetic mesh (sm)). Postoperative complication occurred in 5.7% in bmVMR (5% minor [Clavien‐Dindo I and II] and 0.7% major [Clavien‐Dindo > = III]) and in 10.9% in smVMR (9.1% minor and 1.8% major) (p = 0.28). Oral laxatives were necessary in 31% after bmVMR and in 35% after smVMR (p = 0.49). Rectal laxatives were used in 11% after bmVMR and in 7% after smVMR (p = 0.34). Clinical recurrence appeared in 9% bmVMR and in 5% smVMR (p = 0.20). Mean time to clinical recurrence in bmVMR was 20.9 (5 to 58) months and in smVMR 20.2 (0–55) months (p = 0.75). Mean overall follow‐up time was 18.4 (0–96) months.Reoperation rate due to clinical recurrence was 6.11% in the bmVMR group versus 2.75% in the smVMR group (p = 0.16). No mesh associated complications such as symptomatic erosion or fistulation occurred in either group.ConclusionVMR using biologic mesh was equally safe to that using synthetic mesh, with no difference in clinical recurrence rate. No mesh‐associated morbidity was observed in either group.
Natural disasters and economic dynamism: Evidence from U.S. entrepreneurial activity
Authors: Bayar Omer , Boudreaux Christopher , Yarbrough Todd Richard 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe examine how disaster events influence small business activity in a sample of 48 U.S. states for the period from 1998 to 2018. Our results show that disaster impacts vary by entrepreneurship type; the rate of new entrepreneurs and start‐up job creation rise in the aftermath of natural disasters, whereas the opportunity share of new entrepreneurs and start‐up survival fall. These findings present a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between natural disasters and entrepreneurial activity than reported in the relevant literature. We interpret our findings in the context of economic dynamism and discuss policy implications.
Long short‐term memory model for predicting the angle‐dependent reflectance distributions for glossy and matte surfaces
Authors: Hung Shao‐Tang , Sun Pei‐Li , Chiang Jui‐Chang , Pong Bao‐Jen , Chen Hung‐Shing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study introduces an innovative recurrent neural network called long short‐term memory (LSTM) as a prediction model, which is used to predict angle‐dependent reflectance distributions of colour samples with glossy and matte surfaces. A two‐dimensional (2D) reflectance measurement system was developed to measure the angle‐dependent reflectance in this study. Its structure mainly included a semicircular rotating mechanism, a high‐resolution digital camera and a high‐quality white light‐emitting diode. A semicircular rotating mechanism was designed to rotate from 10° to 170° in the vertical direction. Two ColorGauge miniaturised colour charts with glossy and matte surfaces were selected as test chips. The test chips on ColorGauge miniaturised colour charts included fives colours of glossy white, glossy black, matte red, matte green and matte blue. The reflectance distributions of the test chips were measured by the 2D reflectance measurement system, and the measured reflectance data were used as training data in the LSTM model. In comparison with second‐ and third‐order regressions, the mean CIE lightness difference (0.09) using the LSTM model was lower. Therefore, it was verified that the LSTM model performed well in predicting reflectance distributions. In addition, the LSTM model was also validated on the additional test samples (10 matte chromatic samples and five glossy achromatic samples). The maximum and minimum mean CIE lightness differences were 3.77 and 0.64 for matte chromatic samples, and 2.34 and 0.42 for glossy achromatic samples, respectively. The results of small prediction errors indicated that the LSTM model presents excellent prediction performance.
Vaccine hesitancy or hesitancies? A latent class analysis of pediatric patients' parents
Authors: Willis Don E. , Narcisse Marie‐Rachelle , James Laura , Selig James P. , Ason Mohammed , Scott Aaron J. , Cornett Lawrence E. , McElfish Pearl A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractVaccine hesitancy is an attitude of indecision toward vaccination that is related to but not determinative of vaccination behaviors. Although theories of vaccine hesitancy emphasize it is often vaccine‐specific, we do not know the extent to which this is true across sociodemographic groups. In this study, we asked: What latent classes of vaccine hesitancy might exist when examining parents' attitudes toward vaccines in general and COVID‐19 and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination specifically? Which sociodemographic, health access, and health‐related variables are predictive of membership in those classes? To answer those questions, we analyze online survey data from parents of pediatric patients recruited through eight clinics within the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Rural Research Network. Data were collected between September 16, 2022 and December 6, 2022. Latent class analysis revealed three underlying classes of vaccine hesitancy, or hesitancies: The “Selectively Hesitant,” the “COVID‐Centric Hesitant,” and the “Pervasively Hesitant.” Significant predictors of class membership were age, education, health insurance status, and usual source of care. Vaccine hesitancy may be specific to certain vaccines for some parents and more generalized for others. The distinct classes of vaccine hesitancy revealed in this study suggest the need for distinct approaches to addressing vaccine hesitancy depending on the population.
Study on the Transformation Process of Thyroid Fine‐Needle Aspiration Liquid‐Based Cytology to Whole‐Slide Image
Authors: Lei Yuanyuan , Wang Dongcun , Wen Yanlin , Liu Jinhui , Cao Jian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveAnalyse and summarise the reasons for failure in the digital acquisition of thyroid liquid‐based cytology (LBC) slides and the technical challenges, and explore methods to obtain reliable and reproducible whole digital slide images for clinical thyroid cytology.MethodUse the glass slide scanning imaging system to acquire whole‐slide image (WSI) of thyroid LBC in sdpc format through different. Statistical analysis was conducted on the different acquisition methods, the quality of the glass slides, clinical and pathological characteristics of the case, TBSRTC grading and the quality of WSI.ResultsThe WSI obtained by different scanning methods showed a high level of consistency in quality (W = 0.325, p < 0.001), especially between fully automatic scanning with different focus densities (W = 0.9, p < 0.001). A total of 2114 images were obtained through different methods of multi‐layer fusion and multi‐point focusing scanning, with scan success rates of 100.0%, 100.0%, 100.0% and 23.6%, respectively. The correlation between the quality of thyroid LBC glass slides and the image quality of thyroid LBC WSI was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The correlation between TBSRTC grading and the quality of thyroid LBC digital WSI was statistically significant (p < 0.001).ConclusionsAlthough the quality of glass slides has a significant impact, the success rate and image quality of malignant tumour scanning are both high. Overall, the risk of missed diagnosis of malignant tumours is low. In the future, we also need to improve the performance and algorithm of the scanner in cases of sparse cells.
Cardiovascular, kidney and safety outcomes with canagliflozin in older adults: A combined analysis from the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial
Authors: Siriwardana Amanda , Buizen Luke , Jun Min , Kotwal Sradha , Arnott Clare , Jardine Meg J. , Levin Adeera , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. , Charytan David M. , Pollock Carol , Perkovic Vlado , Neuen Brendon L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimSGLT2 inhibitors may be underused in older adults with type 2 diabetes due to concerns about safety and tolerability. This pooled analysis of the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial examined the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin according to age.MethodsPooled individual participant data from the CANVAS Program (n = 10 142) and CREDENCE trial (n = 4401) were analysed by baseline age (<65 years, 65 to <75 years, and ≥75 years). A range of adjudicated clinical outcomes were assessed, including major adverse cardiovascular events and CKD progression, as well as safety outcomes. Cox proportional hazards models and Fine and Gray competing risk analysis were used.ResultsAmong the 14 543 participants, 7927 (54.5%) were <65 years, 5281 (36.3%) were 65 to <75 years and 1335 (9.2%) were ≥75 years. Older participants had higher rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and heart failure, longer diabetes duration and lower mean eGFR. Reductions in cardiovascular and kidney outcomes with canagliflozin were consistent across age categories (all p trend >0.10), although there was some evidence that effects on cardiovascular death and all‐cause death were attenuated with older age (p trend = 0.02 and 0.03, respectively). Although the incidence of adverse events increased with age, effects of canagliflozin on safety outcomes including acute kidney injury, volume depletion, urinary tract infections and hypoglycaemia, were not modified by age (all p trend >0.10).ConclusionsIn patients with varying degrees of kidney function, canagliflozin reduced cardiovascular and kidney outcomes, regardless of age, with no additional safety concerns identified in older patients.
Association of Metformin use with risk of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tang Chunbian , Hao Jiayi , Tao Fengran , Feng Qingguo , Song Ying , Zeng Baoqi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimThere is ongoing debate concerning the association of metformin with the risk of dementia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of metformin therapy on dementia in patients with T2DM.Materials and MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and the ClinicalTrials.gov website were searched until 9 April 2024. Cohort studies investigating the effects of metformin therapy compared with other antidiabetic drugs or no therapy in T2DM were included. The hazard ratio (HR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed using the random effects model.ResultsTwenty cohort studies (24 individual comparisons) involving 3 463 100 participants were identified. A meta‐analysis revealed that people with T2DM who take metformin are linked to a lower incidence of all‐cause dementia compared to non‐user (n = 17, HR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.65–0.91, p = 0.002, I2 = 98.9%) and sulfonylureas (n = 5, HR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.85–0.90, p < 0.001, I2 = 9.7%), but not to thiazolidinedione (n = 2, HR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.08–3.41, p = 0.503, I2 = 92.7%). Additionally, metformin showed favourable effects in non‐specified T2DM (n = 19, HR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.64–0.89), but not in newly diagnosed T2DM (n = 5, HR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.81–1.27).ConclusionMetformin might correlate with a lower dementia incidence in people with T2DM. However, it is crucial to interpret these results with caution considering the high heterogeneity.
Clinical Analysis of MOG Antibody‐Associated Disease Overlapped With Anti‐NMDA Receptor Encephalitis: A Long‐Term Retrospective Study
Authors: Duan Tianjiao , Ouyang Song , Hu Zhaolan , Zeng Qiuming , Yin Weifan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTo summarise the clinical characteristics, radiological features, treatments and prognosis of patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody‐associated disease (MOGAD) overlapped with NMDA receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. We retrospectively analysed patients who exhibited dual positivity for MOG antibodies and NMDAR antibodies in serum/CSF from Jan 2018 to Jun 2023. Ten patients with MOGAD and NMDAR encephalitis were enrolled. The median age of initial attacks was 23 (range: 10–43) years old. Common symptoms were cortical encephalopathies (8/10), focal neurological deficits (4/10), as well as other presentations including headache, fever, optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. CSF pleocytosis was general (9/10, median 63.9 cells/μl). Lesions on brain MRI included brainstem (37.5%), cerebral cortex (33.3%), basal ganglia (25.0%) and hippocampus (20.8%). The average follow‐up duration was 25.4 months. 10/10 patients developed more than one relapse attacks, with MOG positivity before (10%), simultaneous (40%) or after anti‐NMDAR encephalitis (50%). Most patients (7/10) had good response to first‐line therapy but experienced next relapse with an average interval of 6.7 (range: 2–14) months. We conducted initial analysis of lymphocyte subsets in these patients, which revealed that CD3+ and CD4 + T cells increased after immunosuppressants medication (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). We concluded that MOGAD overlapping with NMDAR encephalitis presents a distinct clinical phenotype which differs from either MOGAD or NMDAR encephalitis. Brainstem in combination with cortical lesions might be warning signs for this overlapping syndrome. Due to the high recurrent rates, we recommend early diagnosis and timely treatment with efficient immunosuppressants at onset.
Efficacy of metformin and verteporfin treatment alone or in combination in a murine head and neck cancer xenograft model
Authors: Shan Aung Phyo , Hlaing Khin Swe , Leelahavanichkul Asada , Amornphimoltham Panomwat 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDespite treatment advances, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) still poses a significant global health challenge. Combination therapies have emerged as more effective strategies than traditional chemotherapy in clinical practice by improving tumor response rates and patient survival while minimizing treatment‐related toxicity. This study investigates the anticancer effects of metformin and verteporfin (Yes‐associated protein 1 [YAP1] inhibitor) alone or in combination in HNSCC using vitro and in vivo approaches. Quantitative RT‐PCR analysis of HNSCC cell lines reveals upregulation of YAP1 and related genes in the Hippo signaling pathway. Cell viability assays demonstrate a beneficial synergistic effect between metformin and verteporfin in inhibiting HNSCC tumor growth. In male BALB/cAJcl‐nu/nu mice harboring HNSCC tumor xenografts, intraperitoneal administration of metformin and verteporfin enhances the inhibitory effect on tumor growth and suppresses YAP1 nuclear translocation when compared to vehicle or monotherapies. Furthermore, combination of these drugs reduces tumor cell proliferation (marked by Ki‐67) and inhibits phosphoS6 ribosomal protein, as observed through immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses. The in vivo study underscores the therapeutic potential of the dual targeting approach with metformin and verteporfin in treating HNSCC, with minimal toxicity.