bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on three kinds of splitting finite element schemes for 2D/3D unsteady incompressible thermomicropolar fluid equations
Authors: Ren Yuhang , Liu Demin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this article, three kinds of splitting finite element schemes are proposed for the 2D/3D unsteady incompressible thermomicropolar fluid equations, which are named as the standard splitting scheme, the consistent splitting schemes (I and II) and the splitting Oseen scheme. The unconditionally energy stable of all the schemes and error estimation of the standard splitting scheme are proved. Furthermore, numerical experiments are carried out on the last two kinds of schemes based on different selection of finite element pairs, numerical results show that the presented schemes are reliable, especially some not inf‐sup stable finite element pairs can also be applied for the consistent splitting scheme II. In addition, for moderate Reynolds number problems, the splitting Oseen scheme exhibit the better performance of numerical stability than the consistent splitting schemes.
Curcumin effects on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review
Authors: Safari Saeid , Davoodi Poorya , Soltani Afsaneh , Fadavipour Mohammadreza , Rezaeian AhmadReza , Heydari Fateme , Khazeei Tabari Mohammad Amin , Akhlaghdoust Meisam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease of the lungs known as the third reason for death worldwide. Frequent COPD exacerbations compel health care workers to apply interventions that are not adverse effect free. Accordingly, adding or replacing Curcumin, a natural meal flavoring, may indicate advantages in this era by its antiproliferative and anti‐inflammatory effects.MethodsThe PRISMA checklist was employed for the systematic review study. On June 3, 2022, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies associated with COPD and Curcumin in the last 10 years. Duplicate or non‐English publications and articles with irrelevant titles and abstracts were excluded. Also, preprints, reviews, short communications, editorials, letters to the editor, comments, conference abstracts, and conference papers were not included.ResultsOverall, 4288 publications were found eligible, after the screening, 9 articles were finally included. Among them, one, four, and four in vitro, in vivo, and both in vivo and in vitro research exist respectively. According to the investigations, Curcumin can inhibit alveolar epithelial thickness and proliferation, lessen the inflammatory response, remodel the airway, produce ROS, alleviate airway inflammation, hinder emphysema and prevent ischemic complications.ConclusionConsequently, the findings of the current review demonstrate that Curcumin's modulatory effects on oxidative stress, cell viability, and gene expression could be helpful in COPD management. However, for data confirmation, further randomized clinical trials are required.
In‐vivo evaluations of bone regenerative potential of two novel bioactive glasses
Authors: Anesi A. , Ferretti M. , Salvatori R. , Bellucci D. , Cavani F. , Di Bartolomeo M. , Palumbo C. , Cannillo V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDue to the aging of population, materials able to repair damaged tissues are needed. Among others, bioactive glasses (BGs) have attracted a lot of interest due to their outstanding properties both for hard and soft tissues. Here, for the first time, two new BGs, which gave very promising results in preliminary in vitro‐tests, were implanted in animals in order to evaluate their regenerative potential. The new BGs, named BGMS10 and Bio_MS and containing specific therapeutic ions, were produced in granules and implanted in rabbits' femurs for up to 60 days, to test their biocompatibility and osteoconduction. Additionally, granules of 45S5 Bioglass® were employed and used as a standard reference for comparison. The results showed that, after 30 days, the two novel BGs and 45S5 displayed a similar behavior, in terms of bone amount, thickness of new bone trabeculae and affinity index. On the contrary, after 60 days, 45S5 granules were mainly surrounded by wide and scattered bone trabeculae, separated by large amounts of soft tissue, while in BGMS10 and Bio_MS the trabeculae were thin and uniformly distributed around the BG granules. This latter scenario could be considered as more advantageous, since the features of the two novel BG granules allowed for the neo‐formation of a uniformly distributed bony trabeculae, predictive of more favorable mechanical behavior, compared to the less uniform coarse trabeculae, separated by large areas of soft tissue in 45S5 granules. Thus, BGMS10 and Bio_MS could be considered suitable products for tissue regeneration in the orthopedic and dental fields.
Updates on LI‐RADS Treatment Response Criteria for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Focusing on MRI
Authors: Patel Richa , Aslam Anum , Parikh Neehar D. , Mervak Benjamin , Mubarak Eman , Higgins Lily , Lala Kayli , Conner Jack F. , Khaykin Valerie , Bashir Mustafa , Do Richard Kinh Gian , Burke Lauren M. B. , Smith Elainea N. , Kim Charles Y. , Shampain Kimberly L. , Owen Dawn , Mendiratta‐Lala Mishal 
Published: March 2023

As the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and subsequent treatments with liver‐directed therapies rise, the complexity of assessing lesion response has also increased. The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (LI‐RADS) treatment response algorithm (LI‐RADS TRA) was created to standardize the assessment of response after locoregional therapy (LRT) on contrast‐enhanced CT or MRI. Originally created based on expert opinion, these guidelines are currently undergoing revision based on emerging evidence. While many studies support the use of LR‐TRA for evaluation of HCC response after thermal ablation and intra‐arterial embolic therapy, data suggest a need for refinements to improve assessment after radiation therapy. In this manuscript, we review expected MR imaging findings after different forms of LRT, clarify how to apply the current LI‐RADS TRA by type of LRT, explore emerging literature on LI‐RADS TRA, and highlight future updates to the algorithm.Evidence Level3.Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Statistical analysis of phased arrays with random excitation errors using a unified neural network architecture
Authors: Zhao Yunru , Wu Qi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRadiation patterns of a phased array tend to be affected by random excitation errors. In this paper, a unified neural network (UNN) architecture is presented to study the statistical characteristics of radiation patterns. Benefited from the inherent symmetry of the array manifolds and efficient data preprocessing, the UNN architectures are almost identical for planar arrays consisting of 4–10 000 elements except for a slight difference existed in the output layer. Therefore, this merit avoids repetitive selections of training hyperparameters and network architectures. This method can efficiently treat the problems with multiple observation points in order to obtain statistical radiation patterns, and an analytic or closed‐form solution is not required. Moreover, it can combine with the method of moments (MoM), which takes account of the element pattern and mutual coupling effects. The trained UNN models can predict the probability density function (PDF) of radiation characteristics at any spatial location. Numerical results show that the UNN and Monte Carlo (MC) results are comparable in accuracy.
Circular RNA circDLG1 (has_circ_0068706) functions as an oncogene in nonsmall cell lung cancer through regulating AKT/mTOR signaling and direct binding to miR‐144
Authors: Chen Yong‐Feng , Xu Ai‐Ping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major subtype of lung cancer, causing substantial cancer‐related deaths worldwide. However, the molecular basis of NSCLC development and progression remains understudied. Recently, a circular RNA, circDLG1, has been implicated in carcinogenesis and cancer metastasis. Yet, how circDLG1 affects NSCLC progression has not been reported. Here this study aims to elucidate the role of circDLG1 in NSCLC. First, we found that circDLG1 was significantly upregulated in both the GEO dataset and NSCLC tissues. Next, we silenced the expression of circDLG1 in NSCLC cell lines. Knockdown of circDLG1 upregulated miR‐144 and downregulated Protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), resulting in suppression of the proliferation activity and metastasis ability of NSCLC. In addition, circDLG1 knockdown significantly decreased the expression of the mesenchymal markers, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and N‐cadherin, while increasing the expression level of E‐cadherin. In conclusion, we demonstrate that circDLG1 promotes the pathogenesis and progression of NSCLC by regulating the miR‐144/AKT/mTOR signaling axis, providing potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for designing innovative treatment strategies.
Validation and psychometric evaluation of the Swedish version of the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale
Authors: Sunnergren Ola , Pakpour Amir H. , Bergquist Henrik , Sahlstrand‐Johnson Pernilla , Stjärne Pär , Broström Anders 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale is a symptom‐specific quality‐of‐life questionnaire for patients suffering from nasal obstruction. The instrument is designed specifically for patients with septal deviation and for the evaluation of the outcome of septoplasty. The aim of this study was to validate a Swedish version of the NOSE instrument for use in clinical practice and research.MethodsA Swedish version of the NOSE was tested in a case group consisting of 125 subjects with nasal obstruction (of which 31 underwent septoplasty) and a control group consisting of 65 healthy subjects. Base line data for the case and control groups were used to evaluate face validity, known groups validity, construct validity, internal consistency and factor structure analysis. Fifty participants in both the case groups and control groups were assessed both at baseline and after 2 weeks to evaluate test–retest reliability. The participants who underwent septoplasty were assessed at baseline and after 3–6 months to evaluate responsiveness.ResultsThe S‐NOSE was found to be reliable, valid, and responsive. Both Cronbach's α and McDonald Omega coefficients were >0.7, and the intra class coefficient was 0.942. The S‐NOSE scores were significantly correlated with nasal patency VAS in both the case group and the control group (p < .001 and p = .018, respectively). After septoplasty, the mean S‐NOSE score were significantly improved (p < .001). Furthermore, the S‐NOSE was shown to have excellent and robust psychometric properties.ConclusionThe S‐NOSE can be recommended in both clinical practice and research to evaluate the outcome of septoplasty in Swedish‐speaking populations.Level of EvidenceNA.
Recent Advances in Cell‐Based Nanotherapy for Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Hao Xuefang , Li Qian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCell‐based nanotherapy holds great potential to transform diagnosis and treatment patterns for human diseases, especially for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Surface coating with cell membrane has become a powerful strategy for functionalization of therapeutic nanoparticles to achieve biological performances of superior biocompatibility, immune evasion, and specificity. Additionally, extracellular vesicles (EVs) play key roles in the progression of CVDs with their ability of transferring cargos to distant tissues, thus emerging as an appealing option for the diagnosis and therapy of CVDs. In this review, recent progress in cell‐based nanotherapy for CVDs is summarized, and different sources of EVs and biomimetic nanoplatforms derived from natural cells are highlighted. Meanwhile, their promising biomedical applications in the diagnosis and targeted treatment of different CVDs are also provided, followed by a discussion of their potential challenges and future prospects.
Design of compact dual‐band shared‐aperture antenna system based on frequency selective surface
Authors: Li Jinge , Yin Jiao , Jia Yuxin , Lu Yinbo , Zhai Huiqing , Liu Changyuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA miniaturized dual‐band dual‐polarization base station antenna array operating at 2.4–2.8 and 4.6–5.0 GHz is proposed in this paper. The upper‐band unit is embedded in the lower‐band unit to miniature the array size. The size of the proposed shared‐aperture antenna element is 0.28 × 0.28 . To ensure the normal radiation of dual‐band under the small frequency ratio, a meander slot frequency selective surface structure is introduced, which is electromagnetically transparent to the lower‐band unit and function as metal ground for the upper‐band unit to ensure the normal radiation of the upper and lower‐band units, respectively. Simulation and measured results show that the antenna array meets the following design specifications: dual‐band operating (voltage standing wave ratio [VSWR] < 2), mutual coupling less than −20 dB basically, satisfactory gain and radiation characteristics.
Adapting for remote delivery during COVID‐19: Insights from a science engagement project
Authors: Hartley Jackie , Hobbs Laura , Stevens Carly 
Published: March 2023

AbstractScience Hunters is an established outreach program using the computer game Minecraft to engage children in science. Before the pandemic, Science Hunters regularly delivered sessions in schools but ceased delivering face‐to‐face sessions during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Online remote delivery was trialed in eight schools, with 201 children of age 9–11 years and 21 school teachers and classroom assistants. This paper aims to evaluate the success of making the change from face‐to‐face to remote delivery. Children's feedback indicated they were as positive about online sessions of Science Hunters as about those previously delivered in‐person. Teachers rated the session organization, delivery, and student benefit on a scale of 1 (lowest)–5 (highest); mean scores of 4.47–4.76 were returned and 100% would repeat the session. The study found that pre‐session discussions with teachers covering expectations, training, and technical setup were key to running session successfully. Using activities to run alongside Minecraft sections made the session more immersive and videos at the start of the activity were particularly successful and were carried forward to face‐to‐face sessions.
Metabolic profiling of MRI‐measured liver fat in the UK Biobank
Authors: Gnatiuc Friedrichs Louisa , Trichia Eirini , Aguilar‐Ramirez Diego , Preiss David 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveLiver fat associates with obesity‐related metabolic disturbances and may precede incident diseases. Metabolomic profiles of liver fat in the UK Biobank were investigated.MethodsRegression models assessed the associations between 180 metabolites and proton density liver fat fraction (PDFF) measured 5 years later through magnetic resonance imaging, as the difference (in SD units) of each log metabolite measure with 1‐SD higher PDFF among those without chronic disease and not taking statins, and by diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.ResultsAfter accounting for confounders, multiple metabolites were associated positively with liver fat (p < 0.0001 for 152 traits), particularly extremely large and very large lipoprotein particle concentrations, very low‐density lipoprotein triglycerides, small high‐density lipoprotein particles, glycoprotein acetyls, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids, and amino acids. Extremely large and large high‐density lipoprotein concentrations had strong inverse associations with liver fat. Associations were broadly comparable among those with versus without vascular metabolic conditions, although negative, rather than positive, associations were observed between intermediate‐density and large low‐density lipoprotein particles among those with BMI ≥25 kg/m2, diabetes, or cardiovascular diseases. Metabolite principal components showed a 15% significant improvement in risk prediction for PDFF relative to BMI, which was twice as great (but nonsignificant) compared with conventional high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides.ConclusionsHazardous metabolomic profiles are associated with ectopic hepatic fat and are relevant to risk of vascular‐metabolic disease.
Synthesis of nitroxyethylnitramine (NENA) plasticizers and dinitroxydiethylnitramine (DINA) in continuous flow**
Authors: Fredriksen Kim A. , Kristensen Tor E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNitroxyethylnitramines (NENAs) and dinitroxydiethylnitramine (DINA) are useful energetic plasticizer components in propellants and explosives. However, their synthesis at large scale can be delicate because it involves two dissimilar nitration reactions: nitrate ester formation and halide‐catalyzed nitramine formation. Consequently, these preparations, and particularly when conducted in a single‐stage/pot operation, are problematic with respect to issues such as process safety (heat transfer, temperature control), product purity, replicability and operability. Herein, we briefly review procedures for preparation of NENAs and/or DINA and then report on our own work on continuous flow synthesis of this family of nitramine‐nitrate ester compounds. We find them to be particularly suited for flow synthesis. Our studies are first and foremost distinguished from previous ones by focusing on the use of acetyl chloride as a metal‐free, convenient chloride catalyst and the application of glacial acetic acid as a salt‐forming secondary amine solvent, thus facilitating pumping of the amino alcohols and preventing local exotherms. We have also incorporated post‐reaction simmering of the final flow effluent to enhance product purities by removal of nitroso impurities.
A new control chart to monitor the mean vector of a trivariate process
Authors: Gadre Mukund P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor trivariate normal processes, ‘Trivariate Weighted Alternated Charting Statistic’ (Tri‐WACS) control chart is proposed to monitor a mean vector. In ACS chart, two/three quality characteristics (X, Y)/(X, Y, Z) are monitored alternately. The proposed Tri‐WACS chart is based on the weights of each of the quality characteristics. These weights are used to decide how many samples are to be inspected successively corresponding to the respective quality characteristic, and to make a decision whether the production process is under statistical control or not. It is numerically illustrated that Tri‐WACS chart is more efficient as compared to the related control charts.
Evaluating the performance of variable sampling interval HotellingT2charting scheme for compositional data in the presence of measurement error
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Sun Jinsheng , Zaidi Fatima Sehar , Abbas Zameer , Nazir Hafiz Zafar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe variable sampling interval (VSI) scheme is a well‐known technique for improving the detection ability of control charts (CCs). In the proposed study, measurement error (ME) has been applied to investigate the effectiveness of the HotellingT2charting scheme for compositional data (CoDa) using VSI. The current study considered the case of the monitoring phase, assuming that process parameters are known using the continuous times Markov chain model. The evaluation of the proposed scheme has been done using the average time to signal. The authors studied the impact of MEs on the performance of the HotellingT2CC for CoDa using VSI, and additionally, the authors also examined the impact of linearly covariate error model parameters on the performance of HotellingT2VSI CoDa CC. Six cases for the variance–covariance matrix were used to study the impact of different involved parameters. The effect of ME, sampling interval (SI), powering operator (b), error variance (, and subgroup size (m) has been studied on the performance of proposed CCs by increasing the value of one parameter while keeping the other parameters fixed. The ME and σ have a negative impact on the performance of the proposed CC, while SI,bandmhave a positive impact on the performance of the proposed CC. Among all the six cases, the correlated cases (negatively and positively) with equal variance performed better than all the other four cases. In the end, an illustrative example of muesli production with part CoDa (wherepis the number of variables in CoDa vector) is provided for the practical implementation of the HotellingT2VSI CoDa CC in the presence of ME.
Poisson hurdle model for monitoring the inflation of zeros
Authors: Asghar Maria , Ali Sajid , Shah Ismail 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeveral control charts have been developed in the literature to monitor zero inflation using classic and simple linear regression models with covariates. Simple linear regression models may not be appropriate, especially when the response variable is skewed or count. When the response distribution follows the exponential family; however, the generalized linear model (GLM) gives a more flexible approach. The goal of this study is to use the Poisson hurdle model to provide GLM‐based Shewhart‐type control charts. To calculate monitoring statistics, the Pearson residuals (PRs) are obtained using the Poisson hurdle model. A detailed Monte Carlo simulation analysis is used to analyze the attributes of the suggested charts. Besides this, a real‐life data set is used to show the practical application of the charts.
The accuracy of sonographers in reporting abnormal ultrasound findings: A prospective study comparing sonographers' and radiologists' reports in 1000 hospital patients
Authors: Necas Martin , Prout Kara , Wackrow Wendy , Manunui Emma , Lewis Elizabeth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to compare the ultrasound (US) findings independently reported by sonographers with final reports issued by radiologists in a complex working environment of an acute and inpatient US service in a large tertiary teaching hospital.MethodsThis study was a prospective review of 1000 unique hospital patients who received 1142 US examinations. Sonographers performed the requested examinations and reported their findings independently before consulting with radiologists. Radiologists reviewed the sonographers' findings, consulted with sonographers, and issued their final reports. Any disagreements between the findings of the sonographer and radiologist were captured, analysed and separated into errors or discrepancies according to commonly accepted definitions. Patient outcomes were determined from electronic clinical records.ResultsExaminations were performed by a team of 11 sonographers with a median of 9.5 years of experience and standard US qualifications. Sonographers independently reported 1484 abnormal findings in 268 categories. Radiologists were in complete agreement in 93.6% of cases, 5.3% cases included minor discrepancies and 1.1% of cases contained errors of which sonographers were responsible for 9 and radiologists 7. The severity of errors was comparable between sonographers and radiologists.ConclusionSonographers and radiologists demonstrate a high degree of agreement in reporting abnormal US findings. Sonographers and radiologists committed a comparable number of errors, and the error severity scores were also comparable. The customary, routine involvement of a radiologist in the second reading and reporting of all US examinations is unnecessary.