bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Psychological Resilience, Social Adaptation and Clinical Efficacy of Patients with Bone Tumors
Authors: Gao Lei , Yu Weina , Wang Ce 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To evaluate the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on psychological resilience, social adaptation and clinical efficacy in patients with bone tumors.
Methods: This is a retrospective study. Eighty patients with bone tumor admitted to Baoding No.1 Central Hospital were included and randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group, with 40 cases in each group from March 2020 to February 2022. Patients in the control group were given conventional specialist care, while those in the experimental group were given cognitive-behavioral therapy on top of the treatment in the control group. The differences in quality of life before and after treatment between the two groups were compared and analyzed.
Results: The levels of SAS and SDS were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences (p<0.05). The satisfaction level in the experimental group was higher than in the control group, with statistically significant difference (p=0.04). In addition, the psychological resilience scores of adaptability, toughness, control and goal achievement in the experimental group were significantly improved compared with those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (p<0.05); The cognitive scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant difference (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral therapy is an effective regimen for patients suffering from bone tumors, boasting various benefits such as significantly enhanced patient compliance with treatment, improved quality of life, increased resilience, ameliorated anxiety and depressive states, and improved treatment efficacy and patient satisfaction.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7279
How to cite this: Gao L, Yu W, Wang C. Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Psychological Resilience, Social Adaptation and Clinical Efficacy of Patients with Bone Tumors. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7279
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Blood product transfusion practices in pediatric critically ill patients at a tertiary care hospital, Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Rafique  , Sharmeen Nasir  , Amber Kamran  , Jamal Ammarah 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of inappropriate blood product transfusions in pediatric critically ill patients.
Methods: We collected data for this descriptive study from January to December 2020 at the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Dr. RKMP Civil Hospital, Karachi. We included all patients one month to 12 years of age, admitted to pediatric intensive care unit and received any blood product transfusion. We reviewed their medical records and noted the demographic and clinical variables, type of blood product transfused with its indication and determined whether transfusion was appropriate or not, as per the standard guidelines and consensus recommendations.
Results: Number of patients who were transfused was n=39, out of which females were 51.3%. Mean age of the patients was 49.0 months ±50.9 months. Total number of transfusions done were n=135, with most common blood product transfused being Fresh Frozen plasma (FFP) in 44.4%. A total of n=117 (86.66%) transfusion were appropriate as per the standard guidelines, while 18 (13.33%) were inappropriate (P-value <0.5). The most common indication of FFP transfusion was INR>2.0 in 51.6%, for Packed red cell transfusion was hemoglobin between 5 and 7 gm/dl in 35.5% and for Platelets was <20,000 with risk of bleeding in 36.6%.
Conclusion: This study highlights the occurrence of inappropriate transfusions in critically ill pediatric patients. We need to reinforce the knowledge of our health care workers and display the guidelines in intensive care units.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7503
How to cite this: Rafique M, Nasir S, Kamran A, Jamal A. Blood product transfusion practices in pediatric critically ill patients at a tertiary care hospital, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7503
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Potential clinical usage of ashwagandha root extract: A review
Authors: Potocka Zofia , Borycka Aleksandra , Jędrzejewska Barbara , Kotulska Maria , Laskus Paulina , Lichman Martyna , Lubczyńska Zuzanna , Przeradzki Jakub , Rząd Katarzyna 
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE
Ashwagandha, an herb commonly used in traditional Indian medicine, has been gathering attention as a potential drug in various specialties such as psychiatry, neurology, or endocrinology and even as a possible cancer treatment. In this review we aim to summarize reports form recent years on potential clinical usage of Ashwagandha.
REVIEW METHODS
The literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar online databases.
THE STATE OF KNOWLEDGE
Several studies evaluating potential pharmacological uses of Ashwagandha root extract has been published. There are clinical trials conducted in India using the plant in treatment of insomnia that resulted in improved sleep quality. Ashwagandha root extract has been successfully administered in stress-related disorders. There are reports of improvement in cognitive functions in patients with mild cognitive impairment and better symptom control in obsessive-compulsive disorder after Ashwagandha supplementation. Ashwagandha has been studied in endocrine diseases, showing potential in alleviating climacteric symptoms during perimenopause and in subclinical hypothyroidism. The study aimed to assess effect of Ashwagandha on vitality and hormonal changes in elderly men showed mixed results, with improvement in some hormonal levels and not statistically significant improvement in quality of life compared to placebo group. It has also been noted that ashwagandha root extract has positive effect on cardiovascular system, as well as enhancing muscle strength and recovery in otherwise healthy adults.
SUMMARYAshwagandha root extract seems to possess beneficial properties that allow for its use in several branches of medicine. However as current findings are reported from small sample studies, further research on a larger scale is needed.
Buttered Knuckles of the Martial Arts World – A Comprehensive Review on Boxer’s Knuckle
Authors: Szala-Czerwonka Karolina , Rejmer Adrian , Woś Natalia , Rojek Katarzyna , Bednarz Lucjan , Wijas Karolina , Bialic Kinga , Bakalarczyk Rafał , Bialic Artur , Majewski Paweł 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Boxer's knuckle is a common injury that occurs due to repetitive trauma to the hand, often seen in those who engage in boxing or other similar combat sports. It is a painful condition that can cause swelling, tenderness, and limited movement in the affected area. In some cases, boxer's knuckle can be severe enough to require medical attention and even surgery. This injury can have a significant impact on an athlete's training and overall performance, and it is important to take preventative measures to avoid its occurrence. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for boxer's knuckle is essential for any athlete who regularly engages in combat sports or any activity that involves repeated hand trauma.
Objective of the study:The objective of this review study is to analyze and summarize the literature related to boxer's knuckle, including its epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the condition, its causes, risk factors, and treatments, and to identify the gaps and limitations in the existing literature. Furthermore, this review intends to provide evidence-based recommendations and guidelines for the prevention, assessment, and treatment of boxer's knuckle in athletes and other individuals who are at risk of developing the condition. Ultimately, the study seeks to contribute to the development of a more precise and effective approach to managing this common hand injury.
Material and methods:
Review of PubMed articles using the following keywords: “mcp joint rupture boxing”, “boxer's knuckle”, “metacarpophalangeal joint boxing”, “extensor hood injuries”. Additionally, related articles proposed by the PubMed website were checked. Single citations that were not in the PubMed database but, in the opinion of the authors, contained valuable knowledge worthy of inclusion in the article were also reviewed.
Ultrasound evaluation of vagus nerve cross-sectional area in a community-dwelling elderly Japanese cohort
Authors: Oura Kazumasa , Akasaka Hiroshi , Ishizuka Naoki , Sato Yuriko , Kudo Masahiro , Yamaguchi Takashi , Oura Mao Yamaguchi , Itabashi Ryo , Maeda Tetsuya 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
Although the vagus nerve (VN) is easily observed by ultrasonography, few studies have evaluated the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the VN in healthy older individuals from East Asia. In this study, we aimed to report reference values for the CSA of the VN in community-dwelling elderly Japanese individuals and to identify any associated medical history and/or lifestyle factors.

Methods
The present study included 336 participants aged ≥ 70 years from a prospective cohort study conducted in Yahaba, Japan from October 2021 to February 2022. The CSA of the VN was measured bilaterally at the level of the thyroid gland by ultrasonography. Simple linear regression analysis and generalized estimating equation were conducted to identify the associations between clinical and background factors and the CSA of the VN.

Results
In our cohort, the median CSA of the VN was 1.3 mm2 (interquartile range [IQR] 1.1–1.6) on the right side and 1.2 mm2 (IQR 1.0–1.4) on the left side. Generalized estimating equation showed that history of head injury (β = 0.19, p < .01), current smoking habit (β = -0.09, p = .03), and BMI (β = 0.02, p < .01) were independently associated with the CSA of the VN.

Conclusion
We have reported reference VN CSA values for community-dwelling elderly Japanese individuals. In addition, we showed that the CSA of the VN was positively associated with a history of head injury and BMI and inversely associated with current smoking habit.
Automated 3-dimensional MRI segmentation for the posterosuperior rotator cuff tear lesion using deep learning algorithm
Authors: Lee Su Hyun , Lee JiHwan , Oh Kyung-Soo , Yoon Jong Pil , Seo Anna , Jeong YoungJin , Chung Seok Won 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionRotator cuff tear (RCT) is a challenging and common musculoskeletal disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a commonly used diagnostic modality for RCT, but the interpretation of the results is tedious and has some reliability issues. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy and efficacy of the 3-dimensional (3D) MRI segmentation for RCT using a deep learning algorithm.MethodsA 3D U-Net convolutional neural network (CNN) was developed to detect, segment, and visualize RCT lesions in 3D, using MRI data from 303 patients with RCTs. The RCT lesions were labeled by two shoulder specialists in the entire MR image using in-house developed software. The MRI-based 3D U-Net CNN was trained after the augmentation of a training dataset and tested using randomly selected test data (training: validation: test data ratio was 6:2:2). The segmented RCT lesion was visualized in a three-dimensional reconstructed image, and the performance of the 3D U-Net CNN was evaluated using the Dice coefficient, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1-score, and Youden index.ResultsA deep learning algorithm using a 3D U-Net CNN successfully detected, segmented, and visualized the area of RCT in 3D. The model’s performance reached a 94.3% of Dice coefficient score, 97.1% of sensitivity, 95.0% of specificity, 84.9% of precision, 90.5% of F1-score, and Youden index of 91.8%.ConclusionThe proposed model for 3D segmentation of RCT lesions using MRI data showed overall high accuracy and successful 3D visualization. Further studies are necessary to determine the feasibility of its clinical application and whether its use could improve care and outcomes.
Health services use among formerly incarcerated Louisiana Medicaid members within one year of release
Authors: Wennerstrom Ashley , Sugarman Olivia K. , Reilly Bruce , Armstrong Andrea , Whittington Angel , Bachhuber Marcus A. 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
To determine the association between enrollment in Medicaid prior to release compared with post-release, and the use of health services and time to the first service use after release among Louisiana Medicaid members within one year of release from Louisiana state corrections custody.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study linking Louisiana Medicaid and Louisiana state corrections release data. We included individuals ages 19 to 64 years released from state custody between January 1, 2017 and June 30, 2019 and enrolled in Medicaid within 180 days of release. Outcome measures included receipt of general health services (primary care visits, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations), cancer screenings, specialty behavioral health services, and prescription medications. To determine the association between pre-release Medicaid enrollment and time to receipt of health services, multivariable regression models were used which accounted for significant differences in characteristics between the groups.

Results
Overall, 13283 individuals met eligibility criteria and 78.8% (n = 10473) of the population was enrolled in Medicaid pre-release. Compared with those enrolled in Medicaid prior to release, those enrolled post-release were more likely to have an emergency department visit (59.6% versus 57.5%, p = 0.04) and hospitalization (17.9% versus 15.9%, p = 0.01) and less likely to receive outpatient mental health services (12.3% versus 15.2%, p<0.001) and prescription drugs. Compared with those enrolled in Medicaid prior to release, those enrolled post-release had a significantly longer time to receiving many services including a primary care visit (adjusted mean difference: 42.2 days [95% CI: 37.9 to 46.5; p<0.001]), outpatient mental health services (42.8 days [95% CI: 31.3 to 54.4; p<0.001]), outpatient substance use disorder service (20.6 days [95% CI: 2.0 to 39.2; p = 0.03]), and medication for opioid use disorder (40.4 days [95% CI: 23.7 to 57.1; p<0.001]) as well as inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids (63.8 days [95% CI: 49.3 to 78.3, p<0.001]), antipsychotics (62.9 days [95% CI: 50.8 to 75.1; p<0.001]), antihypertensives (60.5 days [95% CI: 50.7 to 70.3; p<0.001]), and antidepressants (52.3 days [95% CI: 44.1 to 60.5; p<0.001]).

Conclusion
Compared with Medicaid enrollment post-release, pre-release Medicaid enrollment was associated with higher proportions of, and faster access to, a wide variety of health services. Regardless of enrollment status, we found prolonged times between release and receipt of time-sensitive behavioral health services and prescription medications.
A protocol for feasibility of plasma based GeneXpert platform and Dried Blood Spot (DBS) based Abbott platform for HIV-1 viral load testing among the people living with HIV attending ART centers in India
Authors: Kamble Suchit , Shidhaye Pallavi , Mukherjee Anupam , Tak Madhuri , Bembalkar Shilpa , Aggarwal Sumit , Deb Arpita , Kapoor Neha , Verma Vinita , Das Chinmoyee , Kulkarni Smita , Ghate Manisha , Godbole Sheela 
Published: May 2023

Background
HIV-1 Viral load (VL) measures efficiency of the antiretroviral therapy (ART) after treatment initiation and helps to diagnose virological failures at an early stage. Current VL assays require sophisticated laboratory facilities. As well as there are other challenges pertaining to insufficient laboratory access, cold-chain management and sample transportation. Hence the number of HIV-1 VL testing laboratories is inadequate in the resource limited settings. The revised national tuberculosis elimination programme (NTEP) in India has developed a vast network of point of care (PoC) testing facilities for diagnosis of tuberculosis and several GeneXpert platforms are functional under this programme. Both the GeneXpert HIV-1 assay and HIV-1 Abbott real time assay are comparable and GeneXpert HIV-1 assay can be used as PoC for HIV-1 Viral load testing. Also, the dried blood spot (DBS) as a sample type has been considered as a good option for HIV-1 VL testing in hard to reach areas. This protocol is therefore developed to assess the feasibility of integrating HIV-1 VL testing among people living with HIV (PLHIV) attending ART centres using the two public health models under the current programme: 1. HIV-1 VL testing using GeneXpert platform and plasma as a sample type, and 2. HIV-1 VL testing using Abbott m2000 platform and DBS as a sample type.

Methods
This ethically approved feasibility study will be implemented at two moderate to high burden ART centres where VL testing facility is not available in the town. Under Model-1, arrangements will be made to carry out VL testing on the adjacent GeneXpert facility and under Model-2, DBS will be prepared on site and couriered to identified viral load testing laboratories. In order to assess the feasibility, data will be collected on pretested questionnaire pertaining to number of samples tested for VL testing, number of samples tested for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and the turnaround time (TAT). In-depth interviews will be conducted among the service providers at ART centre and different laboratories for addressing any issues regarding the model implementation.

Results
The proportion of PLHIV tested for VL at ART centres, total TAT for both models including TAT for sample transportation, sample testing and receipt of results as well as proportion of sample rejections and reasons for the same, correlation coefficient between DBS based and plasma based VL testing will be estimated using various statistical tools.

Conclusion
If found promising, these public health approaches will be helpful for the policy makers and program implementation in scaling up HIV-1 viral load testing within India.
Studi Karakteristik Sedimen Dasar Perairan Tanjung Pasir Banten menggunakan Metode Gradistat
Authors: Rachman Reno Arief , Armono Haryo Dwito , Wibowo Mardi , Istiyanto Dinar Catur 
Published: May 2023

Program NCICD (National Capital Integrated Coastal Development) merupakan program strategis nasional untuk menangani permasalahan di Teluk Jakarta. Salah satu rencananya adalah dengan membangun waduk lepas pantai (WLP) di Perairan Tanjung Pasir, Banten. WLP selain berfungsi sebagai tanggul laut juga sebagai penyedia air baku. Dalam perencanaan WLP salah satu pertimbangan utama adalah permasalahan sedimentasi. Proses sedimentasi di perairan sangat terkait dengan karakteristik sedimen. Tujuannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola sebaran karakteristik sedimen dasar seperti kadar air, berat jenis, gradasi, tekstur sedimen, ukuran d50 butir sedimen dan analisis statistik sedimen dasar sehingga dapat mendukung rencana pembangunan WLP NCICD. Metode yang dipakai adalah pengambilan sampel sedimen di lapangan, pengujian sampel sedimen di laboratorium, analisis sedimen secara statistik dan analisis deskriptif karakteristik sedimen dasar menggunakan metode Gradistat. Berdasarkan hasil kajian diketahui nilai kadar air 39,657 % - 413,83 %, berat jenis 1,633 g/cm3 – 2,557 g/cm3, ukuran butir 0,085 mm – 2,0 mm, ukuran rerata butir 261,1 µm - 2657,5 µm, sortasi sedimen very poorly sorted (terpilah sangat buruk) dan poorly sorted (terpilah buruk), analisis statistik sedimen tipe very platykurtic, jenis lithologi didominasi oleh pasir, sedikit berukuran lanau dan pasir halus hingga pasir sedang. Sedimen dasar di perairan ini mempunyai daya dukung tanah yang baik untuk dibangun WLP. The NCICD (National Capital Integrated Coastal Development) is a national strategic program to deal with problems in Jakarta Bay. One of the plans is to build a sea dike (WLP) in Tanjung Pasir, Banten. In addition to functioning as a sea wall, WLP is also a raw water provider. In WLP planning, one of the primary considerations is the problem of sedimentation. The sedimentation process in the waters is closely related to the characteristics of the sediment. This study aimed to determine the distribution pattern of bottom sediment characteristics such as water content, specific gravity, gradation, sediment texture, d50 sediment grain size, and statistical analysis of bottom sediments to support the NCICD WLP development plan. The method used is taking sediment samples in the field, testing sediment samples in the laboratory, statistical analysis of sediments, and descriptive analysis of bottom sediment characteristics using the Gradistat method. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the water content is 39.657% - 413.83%, the specific gravity is 1.633 g/cm3 – 2.557 g/cm3, the grain size is 0.085 mm – 2.0 mm, the average grain size is 261.1 µm - 2657.5 µm, Sediment sorting is very poorly sorted and poorly sorted, statistical analysis is classified as very platykurtic type, lithology type dominated by sand, slightly silt, and fine sand to medium sand. The bottom sediments in these waters have good soil-carrying capacity for WLP construction.
Evaluation of physicochemical properties with the availability of plant nutrients in forests and crop farms in different Fijian provinces
Authors: Singh Indra Raj , Nair Pramod N 
Published: May 2023

Soils are the foundation of agriculture and forestry and it provides many functions such as the supply of water and nutrients and anchorage for plant growth and more. Forest farming and agriculture farming are 2 entities of the ecosystem and they may lead to changes in soil properties. To cope with the challenges in the soil management system, data on current chemical and physical soil properties are more necessary. Therefore, we present a comparative study on soil properties existing in soil and forest farms of Fiji Island. Soil samples from 24 different locations were collected from 8 sites based on the heterogeneity and land use of soils, keeping in view the variation in soil type and slope to determine physicochemical properties and nutrient status. The physical properties such as bulk density (1.05-1.20 Mg m-3), percent porosity (54.14-56.62), moisture % (16.78-18.53%) and soil permeability (11.79-12.35 cm hour-1 was comparatively higher in forest farms compared to the agricultural farms. The soil pH in forest farms and agriculture farms ranged from 5.42-6.10 and 5.30-5.61 respectively. A higher range of CEC was found in forest farms (17.7-19.2) may be due to the higher amount of soil organic matter in forest farms in comparison to agricultural farms. The results also showed that the nutrients such as N, P, K, Ca and Mg and micronutrients (Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) values were low on the agricultural farms. The study suggests the combined use of good agricultural practices, limited use of agrochemicals and minimal soil disturbance at agriculture farms to prevent further degradation, acidification and nutrient stocks.