bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graft failure and revision rate after ACL repair with dynamic intraligamentary stabilization. One‐year results of a prospective case series of 155 patients
Authors: Farid Ajmal , Gommers Sophie A. , Sierevelt Inger N. , van Eijk Floor , van Kampen Paulien M. , Haverkamp Daniël ,   Dutch A. C. L. repair study group
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to assess graft failure, revision rate, and functional outcomes after treatment of acute ACL rupture with dynamic intraligamentary stabilization (DIS) Ligamys device one year post surgery. Additionally, differences in functional outcome between patients with and without anteroposterior laxity were assessed. It was hypothesized that the failure rate of DIS was non‐inferior to that of previously reported ACL reconstruction (10%).MethodsIn this prospectively designed multicenter study, including patients with an acute ACL rupture, DIS was performed within 21 days after rupture. Primary outcome was failure of the graft at 1 year post surgery, defined as 1) re‐rupture of the graft, 2) revision of DIS, or 3) a > 3 mm side‐to‐side difference in anterior tibial translation compared to the non‐operated knee (∆ATT), measured by the KT1000 device. Additional analysis was performed using a 5 mm threshold. The subjective International Knee Documentation Committee Score (IKDC) and Numerical Rating Scales (NRS) for pain and confidence were used to evaluate functional outcome.ResultsA total of 155 patients were included with a mean age at surgery of 27.8 years (SD 9.4). The mean interval from rupture to DIS was 16.4 days (SD 5.2). At a median follow‐up of 13 months (IQR 12–18) the failure rate of the graft was 30.2% (95%CI:22.0–39.4); 11 patients (7%) required secondary reconstructive surgery and of the 105 patients who attended ATT measurement, 24 patients (23%) had an ∆ATT > 3 mm. Secondary analysis, based on a 5 mm threshold, revealed a failure rate of 22.4% (95%CI: 15.2; 31.1). A total of 39 patients (25%) reported at least one complication, comprising mainly arthrofibrosis, traumatic re‐rupture and pain. In these patients, removal of the monoblock was performed in 21 cases (13.5%). At follow‐up no significant differences in functional outcomes between patients with ∆ATT > 3 mm and stable ATT were observed.ConclusionThis prospective multicenter study found a high failure rate at one year follow‐up of 30% (7% revision surgery and 23% > 3 mm side‐to‐side difference in anterior tibial translation) in patients treated by primary repair of the ACL with DIS, and did therefore not demonstrate non‐inferiority to ACL reconstruction. For patients who did not require secondary reconstructive surgery, this study found good functional outcomes, also in case of persistent anteroposterior knee laxity (∆ATT > 3 mm).Level of evidenceLevel IV.
Cardiac-targeted delivery of nuclear receptor RORα via ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction optimizes the benefits of regular dose of melatonin on sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wang Shanjie , Chen Kegong , Wang Ye , Wang Zeng , Li Zhaoying , Guo JunChen , Chen Jianfeng , Liu Wenhua , Guo Xiaohui , Yan Guangcan , Liang Chenchen , Yu Huai , Fang Shaohong , Yu Bo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Large-dose melatonin treatment in animal experiments was hardly translated into humans, which may explain the dilemma that the protective effects against myocardial injury in animal have been challenged by clinical trials. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) has been considered a promising drug and gene delivery system to the target tissue. We aim to investigate whether cardiac gene delivery of melatonin receptor mediated by UTMD technology optimizes the efficacy of clinically equivalent dose of melatonin in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.

Methods
Melatonin and cardiac melatonin receptors in patients and rat models with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis were assessed. Rats received UTMD-mediated cardiac delivery of RORα/cationic microbubbles (CMBs) at 1, 3 and 5 days before CLP surgery. Echocardiography, histopathology and oxylipin metabolomics were assessed at 16–20 h after inducing fatal sepsis.

Results
We observed that patients with sepsis have lower serum melatonin than healthy controls, which was observed in the blood and hearts of Sprague–Dawley rat models with LPS- or CLP-induced sepsis. Notably, a mild dose (2.5 mg/kg) of intravenous melatonin did not substantially improve septic cardiomyopathy. We found decreased nuclear receptors RORα, not melatonin receptors MT1/2, under lethal sepsis that may weaken the potential benefits of a mild dose of melatonin treatment. In vivo, repeated UTMD-mediated cardiac delivery of RORα/CMBs exhibited favorable biosafety, efficiency and specificity, significantly strengthening the effects of a safe dose of melatonin on heart dysfunction and myocardial injury in septic rats. The cardiac delivery of RORα by UTMD technology and melatonin treatment improved mitochondrial dysfunction and oxylipin profiles, although there was no significant influence on systemic inflammation.

Conclusions
These findings provide new insights to explain the suboptimal effect of melatonin use in clinic and potential solutions to overcome the challenges. UTMD technology may be a promisingly interdisciplinary pattern against sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.
Perspectives on medical 3D printing at the point-of-care from the new European 3D Printing Special Interest Group
Authors: Biglino Giovanni , Hopfner Carina , Lindhardt Joakim , Moscato Francesco , Munuera Josep , Oberoi Gunpreet , Tel Alessandro , Esteve Arnau Valls 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis editorial presents the vision for the newly formed (2022) European 3D Special Interest Group (EU3DSIG) in the landscape of medical 3D printing. There are four areas of work identified by the EU3DSIG in the current landscape, namely: 1) creating and fostering communication channels among researches, clinicians and industry, 2) generating awareness of hospitals point-of-care 3D technologies; 3) knowledge sharing and education; 4) regulation, registry and reimbursement models.
How essentialist reasoning about language acquisition relates to educational myths and policy endorsements
Authors: Sun Xin , Nancekivell Shaylene E. , Shah Priti , Gelman Susan A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHow people conceptualize learning is related to real-world educational consequences across many domains of education. Despite its centrality to the educational system, we know little about how the public reasons about language acquisition, and the potential consequences for their thinking about real-world issues (e.g., policy endorsements). The current studies examined people’s essentialist beliefs about language acquisition (e.g., that language is innate and biologically based), then investigated how individual differences in these beliefs related to the endorsement of educational myths and policies. We probed several dimensions of essentialist beliefs, including that language acquisition is innate, genetically based, and wired in the brain. In two studies, we tested specific hypotheses regarding the extent to which people use essentialist thinking when reasoning about: learning a specific language (e.g., Korean), learning a first language more generally, and learning two or more languages. Across studies, participants were more likely to essentialize the ability to learn multiple languages than one’s first language, and more likely to essentialize the learning of multiple languages and one’s first language than the learning of a particular language. We also found substantial individual differences in the degree to which participants essentialized language acquisition. In both studies, these individual differences correlated with an endorsement of language-related educational neuromyths (Study 1 and pre-registered Study 2), and rejection of educational policies that promote multilingual education (Study 2). Together, these studies reveal the complexity of how people reason about language acquisition and its corresponding educational consequences.
Integrative Imaging Informatics for Cancer Research: Workflow Automation for Neuro-Oncology (I3CR-WANO)
Authors: Chakrabarty Satrajit , Abidi Syed Amaan , Mousa Mina , Mokkarala Mahati , Hren Isabelle , Yadav Divya , Kelsey Matthew , LaMontagne Pamela , Wood John , Adams Michael , Su Yuzhuo , Thorpe Sherry , Chung Caroline , Sotiras Aristeidis , Marcus Daniel S. 
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE Efforts to use growing volumes of clinical imaging data to generate tumor evaluations continue to require significant manual data wrangling, owing to data heterogeneity. Here, we propose an artificial intelligence–based solution for the aggregation and processing of multisequence neuro-oncology MRI data to extract quantitative tumor measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our end-to-end framework (1) classifies MRI sequences using an ensemble classifier, (2) preprocesses the data in a reproducible manner, (3) delineates tumor tissue subtypes using convolutional neural networks, and (4) extracts diverse radiomic features. Moreover, it is robust to missing sequences and adopts an expert-in-the-loop approach in which the segmentation results may be manually refined by radiologists. After the implementation of the framework in Docker containers, it was applied to two retrospective glioma data sets collected from the Washington University School of Medicine (WUSM; n = 384) and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDA; n = 30), comprising preoperative MRI scans from patients with pathologically confirmed gliomas. RESULTS The scan-type classifier yielded an accuracy of >99%, correctly identifying sequences from 380 of 384 and 30 of 30 sessions from the WUSM and MDA data sets, respectively. Segmentation performance was quantified using the Dice Similarity Coefficient between the predicted and expert-refined tumor masks. The mean Dice scores were 0.882 (±0.244) and 0.977 (±0.04) for whole-tumor segmentation for WUSM and MDA, respectively. CONCLUSION This streamlined framework automatically curated, processed, and segmented raw MRI data of patients with varying grades of gliomas, enabling the curation of large-scale neuro-oncology data sets and demonstrating high potential for integration as an assistive tool in clinical practice.
Phase III Study Comparing Cisplatin Plus Gemcitabine With Cisplatin Plus Pemetrexed in Chemotherapy-Naive Patients With Advanced-Stage Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Scagliotti Giorgio Vittorio , Parikh Purvish , von Pawel Joachim , Biesma Bonne , Vansteenkiste Johan , Manegold Christian , Serwatowski Piotr , Gatzemeier Ulrich , Digumarti Raghunadharao , Zukin Mauro , Lee Jin S. , Mellemgaard Anders , Park Keunchil , Patil Shehkar , Rolski Janusz , Goksel Tuncay , de Marinis Filippo , Simms Lorinda , Sugarman Katherine P. , Gandara David 
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE Cisplatin plus gemcitabine is a standard regimen for first-line treatment of advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Phase II studies of pemetrexed plus platinum compounds have also shown activity in this setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS This noninferiority, phase III, randomized study compared the overall survival between treatment arms using a fixed margin method (hazard ratio [HR] < 1.176) in 1,725 chemotherapy-naive patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1. Patients received cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 1 and gemcitabine 1,250 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 (n = 863) or cisplatin 75 mg/m2 and pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 on day 1 (n = 862) every 3 weeks for up to six cycles. RESULTS Overall survival for cisplatin/pemetrexed was noninferior to cisplatin/gemcitabine (median survival, 10.3 v 10.3 months, respectively; HR = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.05). Overall survival was statistically superior for cisplatin/pemetrexed versus cisplatin/gemcitabine in patients with adenocarcinoma (n = 847; 12.6 v 10.9 months, respectively) and large-cell carcinoma histology (n = 153; 10.4 v 6.7 months, respectively). In contrast, in patients with squamous cell histology, there was a significant improvement in survival with cisplatin/gemcitabine versus cisplatin/pemetrexed (n = 473; 10.8 v 9.4 months, respectively). For cisplatin/pemetrexed, rates of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia ( P ≤ .001); febrile neutropenia ( P = .002); and alopecia ( P < .001) were significantly lower, whereas grade 3 or 4 nausea ( P = .004) was more common. CONCLUSION In advanced NSCLC, cisplatin/pemetrexed provides similar efficacy with better tolerability and more convenient administration than cisplatin/gemcitabine. This is the first prospective phase III study in NSCLC to show survival differences based on histologic type.
Iodine-Induced Hyperthyroidism and Long-term Risks of Incident Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter
Authors: Inoue Kosuke , Guo Rong , Lee Martin L , Ebrahimi Ramin , Neverova Natalia V , Currier Jesse W , Bashir Muhammad T , Leung Angela M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Context
Although iodine-induced hyperthyroidism is a potential consequence of iodinated radiologic contrast administration, its association with long-term cardiovascular outcomes has not been previously studied.

Objective
To investigate the relationships between hyperthyroidism observed after iodine contrast administration and incident atrial fibrillation/flutter.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of the U.S. Veterans Health Administration (1998-2021) of patients age ≥18 years with a normal baseline serum thyrotropin (TSH) concentration, subsequent TSH &lt;1 year, and receipt of iodine contrast &lt;60 days before the subsequent TSH. Cox proportional hazards regression was employed to ascertain the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI of incident atrial fibrillation/flutter following iodine-induced hyperthyroidism, compared with iodine-induced euthyroidism.

Results
Iodine-induced hyperthyroidism was observed in 2500 (5.6%) of 44 607 Veterans (mean ± SD age, 60.9 ± 14.1 years; 88% men) and atrial fibrillation/flutter in 10.4% over a median follow-up of 3.7 years (interquartile range 1.9-7.4). Adjusted for sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors, iodine-induced hyperthyroidism was associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation/flutter compared with those who remained euthyroid after iodine exposure (adjusted HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.06-1.33). Females were at greater risk for incident atrial fibrillation/flutter than males (females, HR 1.81, 95% CI 1.12-2.92; males, HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.03-1.30; P for interaction = .04).

Conclusion
Hyperthyroidism following a high iodine load was associated with an increased risk of incident atrial fibrillation/flutter, particularly among females. The observed sex-based differences should be confirmed in a more sex-diverse study sample, and the cost–benefit analysis of long-term monitoring for cardiac arrhythmias following iodine-induced hyperthyroidism should be evaluated.
Correlation between salivary immunoglobulin A and interleukin-1beta in smokers with dental caries
Authors: Al-ibraheem Jaber , Zyara Yassir , Al-Quraine Nibrass , Abdulridha Wasna’a M. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Dental caries is one of the most common infectious diseases of the oral cavity, and is an inflammatory disease caused by several factors. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a major mediator of acute inflammation and essential for the development of specific immune responses. The objective of this study was to assess the levels of secretory IgA (s-IgA) and IL-1β in the saliva of smokers with dental caries, and to discover the correlation between these parameters and dental caries. Methods. Saliva samples were collected from 30 smokers, age range 21–70 years, with dental caries, in addition to 18 healthy non-smoker volunteers, age range 21–65 years. s-IgA and IL-1β levels in the saliva samples were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. The mean saliva IgA levels between smokers with dental caries group and healthy subjects were not significantly different (p=0.077), while the saliva levels of IL-1β were higher in the smokers in dental caries group, with a significant difference of p<0.05. No significant associations were found between s-IgA and IL-1β levels, and other parameters such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p>0.05). There were highly positive associations and significant differences between IL-1β and CRP levels in the two groups under the study (p=0.006). Conclusions. Our study revealed a significant increase in IL-1β levels in saliva of smokers with dental caries, and a positive association between IL-1β levels and caries disease. There is no significant relationship between elevated IL-1β levels and s-IgA in smokers with dental caries.
Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. extracts and Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum probiotic during starter period on growth performance of male broiler chicken
Authors: Karwanti Novita Wanda , Arumdani Dynda Febriana , Yulianto Andreas Berny , Marbun Tabita Dameria , Sherasiya Anjum , Al Arif Mohammad Anam , Lamid Mirni , Lokapirnasari Widya Paramita 
Published: May 2023

Background: Probiotics and medicinal plants have been used to support human and livestock health. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract on the growth of P. pentosaceus, L.acidophilus and L. plantarum during starter period on nutrient intake, body weight gain, FCR and feed efficiency in broiler chicken. Methods: This study consisted of three sub studies: (1) Screening test for phytochemical compounds. The flavonoid test was conducted by Bate Smith-Metcalf and Wilstatter method. The Tannin test with Denis’ reagent. The saponin test was performed by the Forth method. Triterpenoid tests were performed by the Liebermann-Bouchard method and the alkaloids test was conducted by the method of Mayer, Bouchardat and Wagner. (2) evaluation of level M.oleifera extract, where each test tube was added with 1 mL of each isolate and incubated at 37°C. The growth of probiotic bacteria was calculated by using the TPC. (3) evaluation of probiotics and M. oleifera in vivo to prove growth performance. All results were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) then followed by the Duncan test. Results: (1) The phytochemical screening test M. oleifera extract contained positive of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and alkaloids; (2) in vitro evaluation of M. oleifera extract could increased the growth of bacteria probiotic (p<0.05); (3) The use of probiotics and M. oleifera extract could improve growth performance. The result of body weight, body weight gain, FCR and feed efficiency signifcantly differed (p <0.05), but there was no significant difference (p >0.05) on nutrient intake. Conclusions: The use of M.oleifera extract at doses of 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% increased the growth of P. pentosaceus, L. acidophilus and L. plantarum bacteria in vitro and the use of probiotics, M.oleifera extract and their combination by in vivo improved the growth performance on starter phase of broilers chicken.
Phenotypic and genetic extended spectrum beta lactamase profiles of bacterial isolates from ICU in tertiary level hospital in Kenya
Authors: Mwale Job , Magomere Edwin O. , Maina Brian , Otieno Leon , Onyambu Frank G. , Kassim Ali , Muchiri Lucy 
Published: May 2023

Background: Bacterial infections in the ICUs are a threat to the lives of critically ill patients. Moreover, their vulnerable immunity predisposes them to developing bacteria-associated sepsis, further deteriorating their already fragile health. In the face of increasing drug resistance menace, the problem of bacterial infection in ICU is likely to worsen. This study sought to assess bacterial infections in ICU setting by identifying prevalent gram-negative bacterial species and characterizing their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Phenotypic and genetic resistance were determined among gram-negative isolates from ICU patients. Methods: Cross-sectional samples collected from Kenyatta National Hospital ICU between January and June 2021 were cultured for subsequent analysis. Phenotypic identification of culture-positive samples was performed using VITEK 2 while Antibiotic susceptibility patterns were determined based on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) results. Cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative bacteria were assessed by PCR to detect the presence of ESBL genes. Results and discussion: Out of the 168 gram-negative isolates, Acinetobacter baumanii was the most abundant (35%). Other isolates that were present at frequencies more than 15% are Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia. coli. A. baumaniii is known to be a notorious bacterium in ICU due to its multidrug resistance nature. Indeed, A. baumanii isolates from Kenyatta National Hospital showed significantly high level of phenotypic resistance. Concordant with the high level of phenotypic resistance, we found high carriage of the ESBL genes among the isolates analysed in this study. Moreover, majority of isolates harboured all the four ESBL genes. Conclusion: A high rate of phenotypic and genetic resistance was detected among the tested isolates. Resistance to cephalosporins was primarily driven by acquisition of the ESBL genes. The high-rate multidrug resistance in ICU bacterial isolates in this study has a crucial implication for ICU patient management and general antibiotics use.
Comparative evaluation of preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment need in children aged 6, 9 and 12 years in Central India
Authors: Nerurkar Sumukh , Kamble Ranjit 
Published: May 2023

Background: Preventive and interceptive orthodontics are most commonly advocated in patients to reduce the prevalence of malocclusion. The objective assessment of malocclusion is crucial to document the prevalence and complexity of cases. To determine this critical aspect of treating malocclusion, numerous indices have been developed over the years that determine the need for orthodontic treatment. The index for preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment need (IPION) is one such index that calculates the need of a patient to undergo preventive and interceptive procedures. Due to the paucity of studies that compare this important aspect of preventing malocclusion in different age groups, we have conducted this study. Methods: A total of 384 children aged 6, 9 and 12 years were divided into three groups and evaluated for their need to undergo treatment. The IPION was used to determine this treatment need. The mean IPION score was used to classify the patient into, ‘no need’, ‘moderate need’ and ‘definite need’ of treatment. The children in each group were also divided according to their biological sex. The numbers of children in each group were then compared using Chi-squared test and the mean IPION scores were compared using ANOVA. Results: In the group of 6-year-old children, 63.28% of them needed some type of treatment, in the group of 9-year-old children, 71.88% of them needed treatment and in the group of 12-year-old children, 59.37% of the children needed treatment. Conclusions: The results of the study showed a high proportion of children requiring preventive and interceptive treatment. It was also noted that there was no difference in the treatment need in 6- and 9-year-old children, but it decreased in the 12-year-old group. The study also concluded that the mean IPION scores in boys aged 6 years old was significantly greater than girls aged 6 years old.