bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiplicity and not necessarily heterogeneity: implications for the long-run degree of capacity utilization
Authors: Di Domenico Lorenzo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe paper discusses the implications of disaggregation within the post-Keynesian debate on the long-run convergence of the degree of capacity utilization toward the normal one. The debate is related to the emergence of Harrodian instability inside multiplier–accelerator models and has been characterized by two “opposite” positions: the supermultiplier (SM) and the neo-Kaleckian approaches. These approaches solve the instability issue differently, but both share the postulate that an equilibrium position is such only if the desired state of firms is realized. In the long run, the economy converges toward afully adjusted positionwhere the realized degree of capacity utilization is equal to the normal/desired one. In this paper, we develop an Agent Based—Stock Flow Consistent version of the SM model showing that once multiplier–accelerator mechanisms are explicitly reproduced in a multi-firm economy, the accumulation process can be stable without requiring any convergence between the actual and normal rate. Conversely, the modeled economy displays two emergent properties: the fluctuations of the business cycle arise endogenously, and the long-run aggregate degree of capacity utilization persistently fluctuates around a level lower than the normal one. To this extent, the quasi-steady state corresponds to a situation where the desired state of agents is not realized and single elements are not in equilibrium, but the aggregate is. Finally, we compare outcomes produced from the model according to different scenarios on firms' heterogeneity and network symmetries.
Response of laterally loaded finned piles in sand
Authors: Qin Hongyu , Hung Chao Ying , Wang Hao , Zhang Jianwei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the response of finned piles in sand subjected to static lateral load through laboratory tests and full-scale field tests. Firstly, model tests were carried out on free headed single piles of different shaft diameters with and without fins in sand to explore the performance of the piles under lateral loading. The results obtained from monotonic loading tests on three series of piles of three different combination of fins and pile shaft diameters were presented. The effect of fins on improving the stiffness and ultimate lateral capacity of the piles was discussed. An equivalent diameter was proposed for a finned pile, which enabled the experimental results to be back calculated using an available elasto-plastic solution for laterally loaded piles in sand. Secondly, field tests were conducted on laterally loaded Starfin screw piles in loose to medium dense sand. The proposed approach was then used for the analysis of the measured response of Starfin screw piles and further validated against measured test results from fully instrumented finned piles in overconsolidated dense sand. The results show that the proposed equivalent diameter and approach for the analysis of finned piles provided the most satisfactory match to the measured data, ranging from the initial elastic state to the ultimate limit state.
Temporal Pattern of the Emergence of a Mutant Virus Escaping Cross-Immunity and Stochastic Extinction Within a Host
Authors: Hayashi Rena , Iwasa Yoh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA high mutation rate of the RNA virus results in the emergence of novel mutants that may escape the immunity activated by the original (wild-type) strain. However, many of them go extinct because of the stochasticity due to the small initial number of infected cells. In a previous paper, we studied the probability of escaping stochastic extinction when the novel mutant has a faster rate of infection and when it is resistant to a drug that suppresses the wild-type virus. In this study, we examine the effect of escaping the immune reaction of the host. Based on a continuous-time branching process with time-dependent rates, we conclude the chance for a mutant strain to be established$$p\left(t\right)$$ptdecreases with time$$t$$tsince the wild-type infection when the mutant is produced. The number of novel mutants that can escape extinction risk has a peak soon after the wild-type infection. The number of novel escape mutations produced per patient in the early phase of host infection is small both for very strong and very weak immune responses, and it attains its maximum value when immune activity is of an intermediate strength.
Preference of acromegaly patients for treatment attributes in Spain
Authors: Fajardo Carmen , Álvarez-Escola Cristina , Biagetti Betina , Garcia-Centeno Rogelio , Ciriza Raquel , Sánchez-Cenizo Laura , Díaz-Muñoz Marcos 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
Acromegaly is a rare disease caused by increased growth hormone secretion and a subsequent increase in insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels. Patients display multiple comorbidities that affect their quality of life (QoL). Treatment aims to maintain good biochemical control, tumour control and reduce the risk of comorbidities; however, their impact on QoL has been overlooked until recently. We interviewed patients to explore their preferences with regard to treatment attributes.

Design
A cross-sectional study based on interviews and a discrete choice experiment (DCE) in a Spanish cohort.

Methods
Adult patients diagnosed with acromegaly ≥1 year before the start of the study and under treatment were included. Treatment attributes were collected from patient testimony during face-to-face interviews. Then, a DCE was performed to elicit patient preferences for certain treatment attributes.

Results
Sixty-seven patients completed the study. QoL improvement was the most important treatment attribute (37%), followed by IGF-I control (20%), blood sugar control (17%) and tumour control (13%). Secondary attributes were pain associated with the route of administration (7%), diarrhoea (2%), administration method (2%) and storage conditions (2%). We then calculated the theoretical share of preference for existing treatments, based on the individual preference utility for each attribute and level. Pegvisomant obtained the highest share of preference overall, and the highest preference as a second-line treatment (53 and 95%, respectively).

Conclusions
QoL greatly influences patient treatment preference. Since acromegaly patients are informed and aware of their disease, treatment choices should always be shared with patients.
Broad-Scale Environmental Factors Determining Fish Species Composition of River Estuaries in the Japanese Archipelago
Authors: Itsukushima Rei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study was conducted to clarify the relationship between fish species composition and environmental factors at various scales in river estuaries in the Japanese archipelago. The estuaries harbor diverse fish species composition due to their complex topography, varied climatic zones, and ocean currents. Non-hierarchical cluster analysis classified the fish species composition of 100 river estuaries (58 families, 152 species, and 486,356 individuals) into five groups. The highest number of species was confirmed in the group of river estuaries located in southwestern Japan and flowing into the inner bay (55.1 ± 9.6 species), characterized by an abundance of the number of Gobiidae species. In contrast, the species number was the lowest in the groups consisting of river estuaries that primarily belong to the northern Japanese archipelago (15.3 ± 3.3 species) that were characterized by an abundance of the number of cold-water fishes such as Salmonidae, Pleuronectidae, and Osmeridae. The highest fish species diversity was confirmed in the groups consisting of river estuaries flowing into the inner bays of southwestern Japan, which had a large tidal range (344 ± 132 cm), suggesting that the large tidal differences create a diverse tidal flat environment that supports fish species diversity. These results indicate that regional species diversity and geographical factors influence the classification of fish fauna. In northeastern Japan, the classification was influenced by geographic area and associated water temperature changes, whereas in southwestern Japan, tidal differences and wave effects could be more important. Understanding the factors that influence the fish species composition of a target river is fundamental to estuarine conservation, and the findings of this study provide basic knowledge for conservation.
Association between health literacy and dysphagia in the community-dwelling older population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Huafang , Ye Chenxi , Zhang Simei , Yang Dan , Gong Xiaolan , Li Sihan , Xue Wenfeng , Su Jie , Zhao Lancai , Qiu Yufeng , He Xiaona , Zhang Yongming , Tang Mengling 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Dysphagia, or swallowing disorders, has become a growing concern due to the aging population, and health literacy plays a crucial role in active aging. However, the relationship between them remains unclear.

Aims
To investigate the association between health literacy and dysphagia among community-dwelling older adults in China.

Methods
A survey was conducted on 4462 older adults aged 65 and above in a community in Yiwu City, China, from May 2021 to January 2022. Swallowing problems were assessed using a 30 ml water swallowing test (WST) and the Eating Assessment Tool-10 questionnaire (EAT-10). The participants' health literacy was evaluated using the Chinese Health Literacy Scale (CHLS). Logistic regression and t tests were employed to measure the association between them.

Results
The prevalence of dysphagia was 5.70% and 7.85% as determined by EAT-10 and 30 ml-WST, respectively. The health literacy level of community-dwelling older adults was 24.4 ± 4.93 (9–45). Participants with dysphagia exhibited lower levels of health literacy (p < 0.05). The logistic regression model demonstrated an inverse association between health literacy and dysphagia (OR = 0.94, 95%CI = 0.91–0.96 for EAT-10, and OR = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.92–0.95 for WST). Moreover, this association remained significant even after adjusting for covariates.

Discussion
Older adults with dysphagia have lower levels of health literacy, particularly in terms of their ability to seek medical advice, acquire and evaluate medical information, and access social support resources.

Conclusions
Health literacy is associated with dysphagia among community-dwelling older adults. Effective interventions should be implemented to provide support in terms of both medical services and social support for this population.
Jacobson’s theorem on derivations of primitive rings with nonzero socle: a proof and applications
Authors: Rodríguez Palacios Ángel , Cabrera García Miguel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe provide a proof of Jacobson’s theorem on derivations of primitive rings with nonzero socle. Both Jacobson’s theorem and its formulation (in terms of the so-called differential operators on left vector spaces over a division ring) underlie our paper. We apply Jacobson’s theorem to describe derivations of standard operator rings on real, complex, or quaternionic left normed spaces. Indeed, when the space is infinite-dimensional, every derivation of such a standard operator ring is of the form $$A\rightarrow AB-BA$$

A
→
A
B
-
B
A

for some continuous linear operator B on the space. Our quaternionic approach allows us to generalize Rickart’s theorem on representation of primitive complete normed associative complex algebras with nonzero socle to the case of primitive real or complex associative normed Q-algebras with nonzero socle. We prove that additive derivations of the Jordan algebra of a continuous nondegenerate symmetric bilinear form on any infinite-dimensional real or complex Banach space are in a one-to-one natural correspondence with those continuous linear operators on the space which are skew-adjoint relative to the form. Finally we prove that additive derivations of a real or complex (possibly non-associative) $$H^*$$

H
∗

-algebra with no nonzero finite-dimensional direct summand are linear and continuous.
New Swiss technical specification SIA 2057 for glass structures and its post failure limit state concept
Authors: Thomas Wüest , Thiemo Fildhuth , Andreas Luible 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUntil recently, designing and constructing with glass in Switzerland was not performed on a uniformly regulated basis due to the lack of a national standard for glass. Therefore, foreign regulations and codes were typically applied. However, this practice repeatedly caused problems. In August 2021, the Technical Specification SIA 2057 Glass Structures has been published to close this codification gap and to create a uniform design basis for the Swiss glass industry. A wide range of glass applications is covered, taking into account the latest findings from practice and science, such as use of shear transfer in laminated glass. The SIA 2057 follows the well-proven SIA principles of regulating only where necessary. Thus, a flexible application of the code is made possible, and innovation is encouraged. In addition to simple design methods, engineers are free to pursue alternative and innovative paths in glass design. The present article provides an overview of the SIA 2057 with focus on laminated safety glass design and post fracture limit state verification.
Analysis of P-wave propagation in filled jointed rock mass with viscoelastic properties
Authors: Chai Lianzeng , Chai Shaobo , Li Pei , Liu Jinhao , Song Boyang , Li Xianpeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStress wave propagation in filled jointed rock mass is an important basis for the analysis of rock dynamic stability. The presence of small cracks in rock mass often causes the rock to exhibit viscoelastic behavior, resulting in the amplitude attenuation and time delay of the stress wave. In view of the incomplete understanding of stress wave propagation in viscoelastic media, this study presents an analysis on stress wave propagation in filled jointed rock mass with viscoelastic properties based on the time-domain recursive analysis method. By introducing the quality factors of stress wave in viscoelastic medium, the propagation equation of plane P-wave in filled jointed rock mass with viscoelasticity is established. Subsequently, the transmission and reflection characteristics of P-wave are accordingly analyzed. The results indicate that the transmission and reflection coefficients of P-wave through the filled joint decrease obviously due to the attenuation effect of rock viscoelasticity on wave amplitude, but the coefficients gradually stabilize as the quality factor increases. As the propagation distance of the P-wave increases in viscoelastic rock masses, the transmission and reflection coefficients decrease gradually. The normal stiffness of joint contact interface has a decisive influence on the wave propagation. Specifically, a higher normal stiffness leads to stronger transmission and poorer reflection. The larger the thickness of filled joint, the more obvious the attenuation of P-wave becomes. Additionally, the viscoelasticity of filling layer further aggravates the influence of joint thickness on the attenuation of P-wave. The study comprehensively takes into account the effect of viscoelasticity of both the rock mass and the filling layer on transmission and reflection of waves. The research results provide certain theoretical support for the dynamic response and stability analysis of rock mass containing structural planes.
Predicting gas pores from photodiode measurements in laser powder bed fusion builds
Authors: Jayasinghe Sarini , Paoletti Paolo , Jones Nick , Green Peter L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecent studies in additive manufacturing (AM) monitoring techniques have focussed on the identification of defects using in situ monitoring sensor systems, with the aim of improving overall AM part quality. Much work has focussed on the use of of camera-based monitoring systems; however, limitations such as the slow response rates of the sensors (1-10kHz) and the post-processing requirements of the collected images make it difficult to apply these developmental monitoring methods on production systems in real-time. Furthermore, the replication of results from camera-based monitoring systems (often obtained using deep learning models) in a production environment is limited by the need for specialised hardware with high computational capacity (e.g GPUs). Focussing specifically on laser powder bed fusion ( PBF-L/M ), photodiodes, with fast data collection rates (50–100kHz) and providing data that is relatively easy to process are potentially better suited to real-time monitoring systems. The current study, therefore, focuses on using data collected from photodiodes to identify defects in PBF-L/M builds. A predictive model with real-time potential is proposed that, having been validated on data from computer tomography (CT) images, can be used to locate porosity within layers of PBF-L/M builds.
Improving recommendation diversity and serendipity with an ontology-based algorithm for cold start environments
Authors: Kuznetsov Stanislav , Kordík Pavel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEvery real-life environments where users interact with items (products, films, research expert profiles) have several development phases. In the Cold-start phase, there are almost no interactions among users and items content-based recommendation systems (RS) can only recommend based on matching the attributes of the items. In the transition state, items start to collect user interactions but still a significant number of items have too small number of interactions, RS does not allow users to discover cold items. In a regular state, where most of the items in the system have enough interactions, the recommendations often suffer from low diversity of the items within a single recommendation. This article proposes a general recommendation algorithm based on Ontological-similarity, which is designed to address all the above problems. Our experiments show that recommendations generated by our approach are consistently better in all environment development phases and increase the success rate of recommendations by almost 50% measured using ontology-aware recall, which is also introduced in this article.
BMTVDS2: a novel hybrid bioinspired model for task-and-VM-dependency and deadline aware scheduling via dual service level agreements
Authors: Gaikwad Amol D. , Singh Kavita R. , Kamble Shailesh D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses the design of a novel hybrid bioinspired model for task-and-VM-dependency and deadline aware scheduling via dual service level agreements. The model uses a combination of grey wolf optimization with the league championship algorithm, to perform efficient scheduling operations. These optimization techniques model a fitness function that incorporates task make-span, task deadline, mutual dependencies with other tasks, the capacity of VMs, and energy needed for scheduling operations. This assists in improving its scheduling performance for multiple use cases. To perform these tasks, the model initially deploys a task-based service level agreement (SLA) method, which assists in enhancing task and requesting-user diversity. This is followed by the design of a VM-based SLA model, which reconfigures the VM's internal characteristics to incorporate multiple task types. The model also integrates deadline awareness along with task-level and VM-level dependency awareness, which assists in improving its scheduling performance under real-time task and cloud scenarios. The proposed model is able to improve cloud utilization by 8.5%, increase task diversity by 8.3%, reduce the delay needed for resource provisioning by 16.5%, and reduce energy consumption by 9.1%, making for a wide variety of real-time cloud deployments.
Primary mental healthcare for older people in India: between stigmatization and community orientation
Authors: Kafczyk Tom , Hämel Kerstin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Questions of equitable access to primary mental healthcare (PMHC) for older persons in India have been examined mostly in terms of the coverage of services, although perceptions of mental health and old age and social norms at the community level should be considered in the shaping of PMHC approaches. The present qualitative study, therefore, examined how social perceptions and norms of mental health in old age are and should be considered in the design and implementation of primary healthcare approaches in India.

Methods
A secondary thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders (n = 14) of PMHC in India was conducted.

Results
Four key themes emerged from the analysis, in which social perceptions and norms were discussed: (1) family participation and low threshold access to mental healthcare, (2) the position of community health workers as an important pillar of old age and mental health-sensitive community-based care, (3) the role of social cohesion and traditional values in fostering a positive and supportive community environment for old age mental health, and (4) the empowerment of communities, families and older persons through mental health education.

Conclusions
PMHC, with its focus on mental health promotion, could be an important anchor for combatting negative attitudes about mental health and old age. The findings presented in this study can inform age-sensitive policies and programmes for mental health in India and could inform future research on the subject.
Making Global Society
Authors: Buzan Barry 
Published: July 2023

Barry Buzan proposes a new approach to making International Relations a truly global discipline that transcends both Eurocentrism and comparative civilisations. He narrates the story of humankind as a whole across three eras, using its material conditions and social structures to show how global society has evolved. Deploying the English School's idea of primary institutions and setting their story across three domains - interpolity, transnational and interhuman - this book conveys a living historical sense of the human story whilst avoiding the overabstraction of many social science grand theories. Buzan sharpens the familiar story of three main eras in human history with the novel idea that these eras are separated by turbulent periods of transition. This device enables a radical retelling of how modernity emerged from the late 18th century. He shows how the concept of 'global society' can build bridges connecting International Relations, Global Historical Sociology and Global/World History.