bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of PMPD on Twenty-First Century’s Political Movements in Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Shankar 
Published: September 2023

General Secretary Madan Bhandari’s widely embraced concept, People’s Multiparty Democracy (PMPD): A Program of Nepali Revolution, received overwhelming endorsement during the Fifth Congress of CPN (UML) in 1993. This ideology seamlessly melds democracy and socialism, with distinct Nepali societal characteristics. Originally introduced as a political program, PMPD has since evolved into an indispensable guiding principle in shaping political developments following the restoration of democracy in 1990. In the wake of the publication of the 1848 Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, PMPD stands as a profoundly innovative contribution to communist political philosophy. It stands out for its successful integration of the fundamental tenets of democracy and the well-being of the populace. During a pivotal moment in the global communist movement, marked by the disintegration of the USSR and the downfall of communist governments worldwide, PMPD encapsulates the essence of a New Democracy, embodying the defining characteristics of the burgeoning capitalist democratic revolution within the unique context of Nepali geopolitical dynamics. As a revolutionary concept, PMPD is underpinned by the philosophical cornerstone of opposing feudalism, imperialism, and the stranglehold of comprador capitalism. It achieves this through people-centric programs, active participation in mainstream politics, and the promotion of rational, merit-based leadership. PMPD plays a pivotal role in facilitating a seamless transition from a century-long, centralized unitary system with monarchy to a federal democratic republic. Furthermore, the Constitution of Nepal 2015 incorporates several noteworthy features, including dynamism and flexibility, while firmly afirming the sovereignty and state power vested in the people through periodic elections.
General analysis of the concept of political theory
Authors: Suthar Hukma Ram 
Published: September 2023

Among all the institutions of the society, political management is the only subject which is related to the entire human community. Therefore, under political management, power is exercised over all the members of the society, rules are made for everyone and decisions are taken. These rules and decisions affect the lives of all of us far and wide. What is the result of such decisions, and what are the fundamental rules that should be followed in this process. This is the main problem of political theory. Sabine in his famous book “History of Political Theory” and Dunning in his book “History of Political Theories” have thrown light on the history of political ideas from ancient times to modern times. It can be said briefly that “theory” means a group of knowledge accumulated and analyzed in a logical manner. Politics deals with many things, including the relationship between individuals, groups and classes and the state and its institutions like bureaucracy, judiciary, etc.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
समाज की सारी संस्थाओं में केवल राजनीतिक प्रबंध ऐसा विषय है जिसका संबंध संपूर्ण मानव समुदाय से है। अतः राजनीतिक प्रबंध के अन्तर्गत समाज के सारे सदस्यों के ऊपर सत्ता का प्रयोग किया जाता है, सबके लिए नियम बनाये जाते है और निर्णय किए जाते है। ये नियम और निर्णय हम सबके जीवन को दूर-दूर तक प्रभावित करते है। ऐसे निर्णय किस प्रक्रिया का परिणाम होते है, और इस प्रक्रिया में किन तात्विक नियमों का पालन होना चाहिए। यह राजनीति सिद्धान्त की मुख्य समस्या है। सेबाईन ने अपनी प्रसिद्ध पुस्तक ‘‘राजनीतिक सिद्धान्त का इतिहास’’ एवं डनिंग ने अपनी पुस्तक ‘‘राजनीतिक सिद्धान्तों का इतिहास के अन्तर्गत प्राचीन काल से आधुनिक काल तक के राजनीतिक विचारों के इतिहास पर प्रकाश डाला है। संक्षिप्त रूप से कहा जा सकता है कि ‘‘सिद्धान्त’’ का अर्थ है-तर्कपूर्ण ढंग से संचित और विश्लेषित ज्ञान का समूह। राजनीति का संबंध बहुत सी चीजों से है, जिनमें व्यक्तियों, समुहों तथा वर्गों और राज्य के बीच के संबंध और नौकरशाही, न्यायपालिका आदि जैसी राज्य की संस्थाऐं शामिल है।
Keywords: राजनीतिक, सिद्धान्त, राजनीतिक प्रबंध, दृष्टिकोण।
Analysis of political views of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay
Authors: Suthar Hukma Ram 
Published: September 2023

Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyay, who emphasized on the need for national identity and national awakening, was opposed to the western type of narrow nationalism. His idea of nationalism was cultural, based on the principle of dharma, which is the abiding principle of the entire universe. The nation is an organic whole, which has to function in harmony and co-operation with the entire universe. He rejected the idea of regional consciousness and advocated the expansion of common national consciousness into cosmic consciousness. Pointing out the importance of national consciousness, he said that “of course there should be political freedom, but it becomes meaningful only in the context of national identity and cultural freedom. Under foreign subjugation, a nation, like a man, becomes a victim of many evils when its natural instincts are neglected or perverted. He argued that the diseased organs had to be cut and the healthy ones had to be nourished. He said that it is necessary that we think about our national identity. Without this identity, freedom has no meaning, nor can freedom become a means of progress and prosperity. As long as we are ignorant of our national identity, we cannot realize and develop our full potential.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
राष्ट्रीय अस्मिता और राष्ट्रीय जागरण की आवश्यकता पर बल देने वाले पंडित दीन दयाल उपाध्याय पश्चिमी प्रकार के संकीर्ण राष्ट्रवाद के विरोधी थे। राष्ट्रवाद का उनका विचार सांस्कृतिक था, जो धर्म के सिद्धांत पर आधारित था, जो संपूर्ण ब्रह्मांड का स्थायी सिद्धांत है। राष्ट्र एक जैविक समग्रता है, जिसे संपूर्ण ब्रह्मांड के साथ सद्भाव और सहयोग से कार्य करना है। उन्होंने क्षेत्रीय चेतना के विचार को खारिज कर दिया और सामान्य राष्ट्रीय चेतना को ब्रह्मांडीय चेतना में विस्तारित करने की वकालत की। राष्ट्रीय चेतना के महत्व को इंगित करते हुए उन्होंने कहा कि ‘‘बेशक राजनीतिक स्वतंत्रता होनी चाहिए, लेकिन यह राष्ट्रीय पहचान और सांस्कृतिक स्वतंत्रता के संदर्भ में ही सार्थक हो जाती है। विदेशी अधीनता के तहत, एक राष्ट्र, जैसे व्यक्ति अनेक बुराइयों का शिकार हो जाता है जब उसकी स्वाभाविक प्रवृत्ति की उपेक्षा हो जाती है या विकृत हो जाती है। उन्होंने तर्क दिया कि रोगग्रस्त अंगों को काटना होगा और स्वस्थ अंगों को पोषण देना होगा। उन्होंने कहा कि यह जरूरी है कि हम अपनी राष्ट्रीय पहचान के बारे में सोचें। इस पहचान के बिना स्वतंत्रता का कोई अर्थ नहीं है और न ही स्वतंत्रता प्रगति और खुशहाली का साधन बन सकती है। जब तक हम अपनी राष्ट्रीय पहचान से अनभिज्ञ हैं, तब तक हम अपनी सभी क्षमताओं को पहचान और विकसित नहीं कर सकते।
Keywords: दीन दयाल उपाध्याय, राष्ट्रवाद, सांस्कृतिक, राष्ट्रीय चेतना।
Structural changes in the heart tissue of rats under conditions of acute intoxication with Vipera berus berus venom
Authors: Maievskyi О. Ye. , Bobr А. М. , Gunas I. V. 
Published: September 2023

Among all poisonous animals, snakes attract the special attention of mankind. Cases of poisoning by their toxins are extremely common and are an unsolved public health problem worldwide. It has been established that among a number of complications due to snakebites, an important role is played by disturbances in the normal functioning of the organs of the cardiovascular system. The aim of the research is to study the features of histological changes in the heart tissue of rats under conditions of acute intoxication with Vipera berus berus venom. Experimental studies were carried out on white non-linear male rats. The animals were conditionally divided into two groups – a control and an experimental group of 10 individuals each. Experimental rats were injected intraperitoneally with a semi-lethal dose (LD50) (1.576 mg/g-1) of Vipera berus berus venom in saline solution. Animals of the control group were injected intraperitoneally with only saline solution. Rats were removed from the experiment 24 hours after exposure to the venom, anesthetized by cervical dislocation. Heart samples were taken for microscopic examination. Fixation of the material and preparation of paraffin blocks were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Histological heart preparations were stained with Picro Sirius Red/Fast Green. Histological preparations were studied using a SEO SСAN light microscope. Thus, under the conditions of acute intoxication with Vipera berus berus venom in experimental rats, microscopic examination of the heart tissue revealed pathological shifts in the structural organization of all layers of the organ. In the epicardium, an increase in the volume of collagen fibers and thickening of vessel walls were characteristic. The most pronounced histological changes were observed in the myocardium. Swelling, disorganization of muscle fibers, their fragmentation, lysis, destruction, loss of characteristic transverse striations, necrosis were detected in it. In addition, an increase in the number of fibroblasts, their activation and, as a result, the growth of connective tissue components, including collagen fibers, in the myocardial tissue were revealed. The endocardium of experimental rats was distinguished by desquamation of the endothelial lining and an increase in the number of active fibroblasts in the outer connective tissue layer.
Peculiarities of correlations between spirometric and anthropometric indicators in practically healthy young women of mesomorphic somatotype
Authors: Kyrychenko Yu. V. , Sarafyniuk L. A. , Khapitska O. P. , Dus S. V. , Yakusheva Yu. I. 
Published: September 2023

The issue of studying the relationships between indicators of the external structure of the body and spirographic parameters in persons of a certain sex, age, ethno-territorial zoning remains relevant, especially from the point of view of the need to determine the reference values of indicators of external breathing. The purpose of the study was to determine the peculiarities of the relationship between spirographic parameters and indicators of the external structure of the body in practically healthy young women of the mesomorphic constitutional type of the Podilia region of Ukraine. We conducted a complex clinical and laboratory study of young women aged 16 to 20 years, which corresponds to the youthful period of ontogenesis. 109 practically healthy young women were selected, in whom no deviations in the state of health were detected according to the results of radiography, echocardiography, tetrapolar rheovasography and rheoencephalography, sonographic examination of parenchymal organs of the abdominal cavity and thyroid gland, general and biochemical blood analysis. For this group of subjects, we performed a spirographic examination using the Medgraphics Pulmonary Function System 1070 series according to the methodology of the American Pulmonology Association and the European Respiratory Society (2019). The anthropometric study was carried out according to the method of V. V. Bunak (1941), the somatotypological study – according to the calculated modification of the Heath-Carter method (1990). The assessment of the component composition of body weight was carried out according to Matiegka method (1921). After somatotyping, it was found that 32 young women had a mesomorphic type of constitution, for which Spearman’s correlation analysis was conducted in the licensed software package “Statistica 5.5”. It was established that the majority of spirographic indicators in practically healthy young women of the mesomorphic somatotype had isolated statistically significant correlations with anthropo-somatotypological parameters, with the exception of parameters that reflect lung capacities. Vital capacity at rest, had the largest number and strength of correlations, was significantly associated with the value of 24 anthropo-somatotypological indicators. Total, longitudinal and girth body dimensions, the ectomorphic component of the somatotype, muscle, bone and fat mass of the body were most often correlated with the capacity indicators of external respiration. All speed spirographic indicators and maximum peak expiratory flow were correlated with the skinfold thickness. The study of correlations is the basis of further mathematical modeling to determine the appropriate spirographic indicators in an individual representative of the female sex of the juvenile age of the mesomorphic somatotype.
Rancang Bangun Alat Suction Pump Berbasis Arduino Uno Dilengkapi Dengan Indikator Volume Maksimal Cairan Dalam Tabung
Authors: Adi Mandalika Putu Desta , Gunawan I Kadek Agus Riki , Suandari Putu Vierda Lya 
Published: September 2023

Suction Pump is a medical device with category of life support, to assist medical personnel to suck patient fluids such as mucus, blood, saliva, pus etcetera. The operasional problem are occurs that the amount of liquid sucked exceed the capacity of the liquid tube, so then the liquid will enter the motor. The motor that is exposed with liquid will be damaged, so it cannot be operated. The researcher is designed a suction pump based on arduino uno equipped with an indicator of the maximum volume of liquid in the tube, with the addition of a pressure sensor MPXV4115VC6U as a reader of the pressure value of the motor, as well as an Infrared sensor as a detector to determine the amount liquid that enter to the tube. LED and infrared photodiode will trigger the relay to stop the motor automatically when volume of the tube is already full. The method used is an observational - experimental study. The pressure test results of the suction pump have three data variant. There are 10, 13 and 15 kPa. The 10 kPa pressure test has an error value of 0.1% then at 13 kPa the error value is 0.1% and 15 kPa has an error value of 0.1%. The experiment are done and repeated ten times, to check whether the suction pump will turn off automatically. All experiments were done successfully.
Digital Forensic Tools And Techniques For Handling Digital Evidence
Authors: Khairunnisak Khairunnisak , Widodo Wahyu 
Published: September 2023

The development of information security issues in many sectors makes the skill of mastering digital forensic highly needed. Digital forensic is recently used not only to support legal proceedings but also to investigate many incidents like digital data manipulation, site hacking, and terrorism. In mastering the skill of digital forensic, investigators should have knowledge about the techniques and tools that will be used. This research is proposed to help investigators in enhancing and developing their skills in revealing the content of digital evidence with the result reviews from each area in the forensic field. The review in this study is based on the focus of the forensic area by giving detailed information about the functions, limitations, and advantages as well as the specific techniques of forensics that leads to the techniques of live forensic or static forensic. This research also discusses the non-technical things that affect the performance of forensic investigation including operational activities, investigated activities, and legal elements. Thus, the result of this research is expected to be beneficial for helping investigators in determining the appropriate tools to investigate the digital evidence. The further research can develop the activities of anti-forensics that can hinder the investigation processes.
Syndetic proximal set in topological transformation group
Authors: Abdullah Enas 
Published: September 2023

In this paper will study the syndetic set in topological transformation group. It represents one of the most important sets in topological dynamics that Gottschak referred .We Introduce dynamical relationship between syndetic set and translation (left-right) ,In topological dynamics group present semi replet set and extensive set .We referred to the relationship of semi replet set and extensive set on the one hand, and their relationship to syndetic set on the other hand . We introduced a new concept syndetic proximal point that depended on syndetic set we indicated a relationship syndetic proximal point with proximal point and extensive proximal point , conclude a number of relationships and concepts
On Best Multiplier Approximation of K-Monotone Unbounded Functions by Spline Polynomials in L_(P,λ_n )-Space
Authors: Maktoof Hasan , Al-Saidy Saheb K. , Mazeel Abdul khaleq owaid 
Published: September 2023

The main purpose of this research is to study the degree of the best multiplier approximation of monotone unbounded functions in space, where by spline polynomials in terms of averaged multiplier modulus smoothness using some definitions and theorems necessary for this.
Application of the Two Rowed Weyl Module in the Case of Partitions (7,5) and Skew-Partition (7, 5) / (1, 0)
Authors: Hassan Haytham Razooki , Raheem Ghsoon Rabeea 
Published: September 2023

The main purpose of this paper is to study the application of Weyl module and it’s resolution in the case of two rows which way be specified in the partitions (7, 5) and skew-partition (7, 5)/(1, 0), using the homological way (i.e. the contracting homotopy, place polarization.
The process of making batik wayang beber using digital canting with sungging painting coloring technique
Authors: Sudarwanto Aan , Priyanto Danang 
Published: September 2023

This article carries the application of creating wayang beber patterns with sinjang batik techniques. This research aims to answer the endless question regarding the variation of batik patterns. Batik patterns are not only used in clothing but also as decoration. In this case, batik is used as decoration with wayang beber patterns using batik painting techniques. The research was carried out by making an example of a model, starting with looking for possible utilization by using a design from a computer graphics program. The research scope is limited by the creation of the wayang beber patterns and their application. The steps of designing are to create a prototype model, starting with conducting emic and ethical research. The next step is contemplating the whole pattern development design using digital technology. This is done by looking for suitability based on aesthetic principles and followed by pencantingan using the SGL-4332 series digital batik canting machine. For the final step, colouring is carried out using the batik painting technique, which is done manually using the rules of sungging gradation. This research produced a prototype model of wayang beber creation with batik techniques, which can be used by batik craftsmen to bring out new innovations in their work
Formation of the labor payment system at the enterprise
Authors: YURCHENKO O. , SVYRYDA O. 
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of the labor payment system at a modern enterprise.
The article highlights the essence of wages, characterizes its functions, and summarizes approaches to the organization of wages at enterprises. The main elements of the wage system model are defined. It is noted that the selection and application of acceptable forms of remuneration requires taking into account a significant number of economic, social and psychological factors, as well as the effective functioning of personnel management subsystems at the enterprise, such as labor regulation and evaluation of personnel performance.
Emphasis is placed on the need to introduce labor regulation as a condition for ensuring the connection of wages with the final results of work. A conclusion was made about the need to properly build a bonus subsystem at the enterprise, especially when applying time-bonus or unit-bonus forms of remuneration. Variants of establishing award conditions and award sizes offered by domestic scientists were considered. Emphasis is placed on the mandatory inclusion of bonus conditions in the collective agreement or the development of the Bonus Regulations.
It is noted that the application of most new (combined) forms of labor remuneration (non-tariff, point-based, bonus, grading) requires the presence of an effective subsystem for evaluating personnel and the results of their work at the enterprise.
The list of indicators used to evaluate the effectiveness of the personnel remuneration system formed at the enterprise is considered.
It was concluded that the development and introduction of an effective model of remuneration of employees leads to an increase in the labor productivity of the personnel, the solution of the problem of social and labor conflicts, and the achievement of the goals set by the enterprise in its development.
Implementation of Administrative Data in the Production of Official Statistical Information in the Field of Public-Legal Relations
Authors: KHARABARA T. 
Published: September 2023

The article examines the issue of statistics on the resolution of public legal disputes and the possibility of its implementation in the production of official statistics. The problem of the formation of statistical reporting by the judicial bodies of Ukraine in the field of public-legalrelations as administrative data is considered. Methodological regulations on the organization of state statistical surveillance on the consideration of cases of administrative offenses and persons brought to administrative responsibility in Ukraine were analyzed. It was established that the existing tools for committing administrative offenses do not reflect the current state and dynamics. Conclusions were drawn on the relevance of developing and approving such methodological provisions to replace those that have lost their validity.
Particular attention is focused on the study of the experience of the Federal Republic of Germany in the field of administrative proceedings, in particular, the methodology of statisti­cal observation of administrative proceedings, introduced by the Federal Statistical Service of the country, is considered. The regulatory framework, on the basis of which the statistical observation of the resolution of public legal disputes by administrative courts functions in the Federal Republic of Germany, is considered. A conclusion was formed about the expediency of borrowing similar experience and introducing similar statistical observation in Ukraine.
The research substantiates the need to develop methodological provisions for the new state statistical observation “Execution of administrative proceedings”, which will contribute to ensuring access and transparency to indicators of the procedural activity of administra­tive courts, reflecting the problems of law enforcement practice and the effectiveness of the judicial form of protection against violations committed by state authorities.