bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic behavior of RC columns under high active confinement force
Authors: Wang Qiang , Qin Wei‐yang , Gong Kai‐yuan , Lu Chun‐ling , Zhu Wan‐xu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper details the invention of a tensioning and anchoring device based on the “wedge‐cutting effect” that can tension and anchor multi‐layer carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) fabric. To achieve a high active confinement effect on an RC column, the device is characterized by its capability to lift the applied prestress to the greatest extent and minimize prestress loss. All eight RC columns with identical structural dimensions were designed and fabricated, including three unstrengthened and five strengthened columns. The seismic performance test and finite element simulation were conducted under a low cyclic reciprocating load. The test parameters include active confinement force and axial compression ratio, with active confinement force varying as a function of the number of layers of CFRP fabric. The results indicate that the seismic performance of RC columns with high active confinement can be significantly improved. Under a high axial compression ratio, the maximum displacement ductility coefficient and ultimate drift ratio of specimens strengthened with four layers of prestressed CFRP fabrics can increase by 87% and 152%, respectively, while the energy consumption can increase by 4.3 times. Additionally, the ultimate horizontal bearing capacity can be raised by 41%. The seismic performance of strengthened columns increases with the increase of active confinement, particularly under high axial compression. The finite element model is in good accord with the experiment. With an increase in active confinement force, the properties of confined concrete and CFRP are utilized to a greater extent, and more energy is dissipated by the opening and closing of numerous micro cracks.
A duodenal diverticulum in a deerhound
Authors: Dillberger John E. , Tobias Jarvon , Labelle Philippe 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA 23‐month‐old, spayed, female deerhound experienced an acute onset of anorexia and regurgitation. The initial regurgitant contained leaves and grass, but over the next 24 hours, it changed to dark brown granular material consistent with digested blood. Radiography revealed a dilated segment of bowel caudal to the liver, suggesting mechanical or functional intestinal obstruction. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a roughly spherical, 6‐cm diameter diverticulum in the proximal duodenum, which was removed by resection and anastomosis. The dog made an uneventful recovery. To date, duodenal diverticula have been reported predominantly in young Boxers. This is the first report of a duodenal diverticulum in a deerhound.
Refining analytic approximation based estimation of mixed multinomial probit models by parameter selection
Authors: Rodenburger Daniel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractApplying analytic approximations for computing multivariate normal cumulative distribution functions has led to a substantial improvement in the estimability of mixed multinomial probit models, both in terms of accuracy and especially in terms of computation time. This paper makes a contribution by presenting a possible way to improve the accuracy of estimating mixed multinomial probit model covariances based on the idea of parameter selection using cross-validation. Comparisons to the MACML approach indicate that the proposed parameter selection approach is able to recover covariance parameters more accurately, even when there is a moderate degree of independence between the random coefficients. The approach also estimates parameters efficiently, with standard errors tending to be smaller than those of the MACML approach, which can be observed by means of a real data case.
High-dimensional approximation with kernel-based multilevel methods on sparse grids
Authors: Kempf Rüdiger , Wendland Holger 
Published: July 2023

AbstractModerately high-dimensional approximation problems can successfully be solved by combining univariate approximation processes using an intelligent combination technique. While this has so far predominantly been done with either polynomials or splines, we suggest to employ a multilevel kernel-based approximation scheme. In contrast to those schemes built upon polynomials and splines, this new method is capable of combining arbitrary low-dimensional domains instead of just intervals and arbitrarily distributed points in these low-dimensional domains. We introduce the method and analyse its convergence in the so-called isotropic and anisotropic cases.
Development of a novel certified reference material for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in whey protein powder
Authors: Lobsiger Simon , Märki Lena , Mallia Silvia , Umbricht Gisela , Sprecher Hanspeter , Breitruck Kathrin , Obkircher Markus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMatrix-based certified reference materials (CRMs) play a central role in the analysis of food contaminants for ensuring measurement accuracy and comparability, as they exhibit the same matrix effects during sample preparation and measurement as the food sample under investigation. However, the availability of such CRMs is still limited. This is also true for matrix CRMs containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), for which maximum levels in food are set in the EU by the Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/915 and in Switzerland by the regulation SR 817.022.15. Therefore, a whey protein powder–based certified reference material (WP-CBR001) was developed according to the requirements of ISO 17034 and the recommendations of ISO Guide 35:2017 containing the four PAHs benz[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), and chrysene (Chr). We show that the choice of solvent is of crucial importance to extract the PAHs completely from this matrix. Only polar and protic solvents such as methanol or water provided access for complete extraction of the PAHs. In contrast, nonpolar and polar aprotic solvents, such as n-hexane or ethyl acetate, exhibited only very low extraction efficiencies below 20%. The certified mass fractions and expanded uncertainties (k = 2) were (3.17 ± 0.32) µg/kg BaA, (4.18 ± 0.48) µg/kg BaP, (4.73 ± 0.49) µg/kg BbF, and (2.85 ± 0.33) µg/kg Chr. These values were verified by an interlaboratory comparison study and by the gravimetric mass fractions obtained from production data.
Graphical abstract
Fetal Pulmonary Venous Return: From Basic Research to the Clinical Value of Doppler Assessment
Authors: Portela Dias J. , Guedes-Martins L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe fetal pulmonary circulation represents less than 25% of the fetal cardiac output. In comparison with the pulmonary arteries, studies on pulmonary veins are few and limited, and many questions remain to be answered. The literature reports that pulmonary veins play an important role in regulating vascular flow, forming an active segment of the pulmonary circulation. The development of more sophisticated ultrasonography technology has allowed the investigation of the extraparenchymal pulmonary veins and their waveform. The recognition of the pulmonary vein anatomy in echocardiography is important for the diagnosis of anomalous pulmonary venous connections, with a significant impact on prognosis. On the other hand, the identification of the normal pulmonary vein waveform seems to be a reliable way to study left heart function, with potential applicability in fetal and maternal pathology. Thus, the goal of this narrative review was to provide a clinically oriented perspective of the available literature on this topic.
Identifying the influence of bubble size and position on crater formation during underwater nanosecond laser ablation of stainless steel
Authors: van der Linden S. , Hagmeijer R. , Römer G. R. B. E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUnderwater laser ablation can be employed both as a means to produce nanoparticles and to texturize surfaces of various materials. In this approach, a stationary or flowing water layer above the target surface confines laser induced plasma which cools to form short lived cavitation bubbles, positively influencing the amount of removed material per laser pulse. Plasma and cavitation bubble evolution additionally give rise to bubbles which may persist in the water throughout the ablation process. These bubbles are known to have a detrimental effect on material removal rates particularly in stationary water, but the quantitative influence of bubble dimensions and position on removed material volume is currently unknown. Here we show the laser intensity profile changes induced by bubbles located at 0–0.4 Rayleigh lengths above a stainless steel surface and couple these changes to removed crater volume. Our results show that water flowing at Reynolds numbers in the range of 1–100 positively contribute to crater volumes for pulse frequencies up to 1 kHz. At 1 kHz, it was found bubbles have insufficient time to flow from the vicinity of the laser spot, regardless of the Reynolds number within the range investigated. These conclusions assist in selecting an appropriate combination of laser and flow conditions to optimize laser ablation material removal rate.
SFF-RTI: an active multi-light approach to shape from focus
Authors: Lewis David A. , Chatoux Hermine , Mansouri Alamin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a methodology for the fusion of shape from focus and reflectance transformation imaging. This fusion of two seemingly disparate methods of computational imaging is proposed with the purpose of leveraging their strengths in understanding overall surface structure (low-frequency detail) and surface texture/micro-geometry (high-frequency detail), respectively. This fusion is achieved by our new proposal of the integration of varying light images at different focus distances. We compare three methods of integration: the mean gradient response, the maximum gradient response, and the full vector gradient (FVG). The validation of the tested methods was conducted using different focus measure window sizes and multi-light integration methods to provide a clear demonstration of the effectiveness of the proposed method. The FVG is determined to provide a higher-quality shape recovery of a complex object with the trade-off of increasing the scope of the image acquisition.
Lifestyle-Medikament Vitamin D. Was gibt es an Evidenz?
Authors: Lange Uwe , Schulz Nils , Klemm Philipp 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungEine Unterversorgung von 25(OH)Vitamin‑D3 (Calcidiol) besteht in vielen Ländern mit mäßiger Sonnenlichteinstrahlung, langen Wintern und nur mäßigem Fischkonsum. Risikogruppen für einen Vitamin‑D3-Mangel stellen ältere Personen über 65 Jahre dar, geriatrische Personen in Pflegeheimen, Säuglinge und Kinder/Jugendliche. Somit bestehen auch in Deutschland viele Situationen, welche eine Vitamin-D-Substitution rechtfertigen. Aktuell wird Vitamin‑D3 jedoch als „Wunderwaffe“ gegen alles angepriesen. Aber wie sieht die Datenlage aus? Wo kann es helfen und wo nicht?
Use and efficacy of dry-mouth interventions in Sjögren’s disease patients and possible association with perceived oral dryness and patients’ discomfort
Authors: Assy Z. , van Santen J. S. , Brand H. S. , Bikker F. J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Sjögren’s disease (SjD) patients use various interventions to relief their oral dryness. However, the use and efficacy of these interventions have only partially been evaluated. The present study aims to investigate whether there is an association between the perceived oral dryness and discomfort of SjD patients and their use of specific interventions.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was performed among SjD patients, who completed several questionnaires to assess the severity of their oral dryness and an inventory of dry-mouth interventions. The perceived efficacy of each intervention was reported on a 5-point Likert-scale.

Results
The questionnaires were returned by 92 SjD patients. For relief of oral dryness, they mostly used “eating fruit”, “drinking tea”, “moistening the lips”, “drinking water, and “drinking small volumes” (> 50%). Three interventions had a frequency of use ranging from 2–6 times/day, whereas, “drinking water” and “drinking small volumes” showed higher frequencies (> 14). The highest overall efficacy (≥ 3.5) was reported for “chewing gum” and “using a mouth gel”. Furthermore, various dry-mouth interventions showed significant associations with oral dryness scores and/or patients’ discomfort. For example, “drinking small volumes” and “using XyliMelts” were associated with the Bother Index score.

Conclusion
Great variation was found in the use of dry-mouth interventions by the participants and the severity of the oral dryness and/or patients’ discomfort seemed to affect their choice of intervention. Notably, the mostly used interventions did not show the highest reported efficacy.

Clinical relevance
These findings might help SjD patients and clinicians in their choice of effective dry-mouth interventions.
Aligning social networks and co-designed visions to foster systemic innovation in the Alps
Authors: Blanco Victor , Luthe Tobias , Bruley Enora , Grêt-Regamey Adrienne 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMountain regions face substantial challenges and opportunities arising from global change. The capacity of mountain regions for (systemic) innovation will be determinant to the success of system transformations envisioned by social actors of mountain communities. By analysing the social networks of two regions in the Alps and relating them to desired future visions of sustainable regional development, we provide insights about innovative capacities in mountain regions and propose how to strengthen these capacities in order to support regional transformations. In particular, we analyse innovation systems’ collaboration networks to evaluate the innovative capacity of communities, co-construct visions with mountain stakeholders, and assess innovation requirements to meet these visions. Accordingly, we propose changes to the collaboration networks for addressing regional innovation system (RIS) capacities to help achieve visions through systemic innovation. Our analysis furthers the understanding on the type and magnitude of regional innovation system changes required to more effectively address desired transformative visions in mountain regions. We close by discussing implications of our approach for the assessment of innovative capacity and the transformation of mountain regions.
Graphical Abstract
Ramsey pricing: a simple example of a subordinate commodity
Authors: Bertoletti Paolo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present preferences exhibiting a so-called subordinate good, namely a commodity such that the willingness to pay for it increases when the consumption of all goods increases proportionally, and thus receives a negative price-cost margin according to Ramsey pricing. We also show that its Bertrand equilibrium price is above its Cournotian price.
An Explainable MRI-Radiomic Quantum Neural Network to Differentiate Between Large Brain Metastases and High-Grade Glioma Using Quantum Annealing for Feature Selection
Authors: Felefly Tony , Roukoz Camille , Fares Georges , Achkar Samir , Yazbeck Sandrine , Meyer Philippe , Kordahi Manal , Azoury Fares , Nasr Dolly Nehme , Nasr Elie , Noël Georges , Francis Ziad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSolitary large brain metastases (LBM) and high-grade gliomas (HGG) are sometimes hard to differentiate on MRI. The management differs significantly between these two entities, and non-invasive methods that help differentiate between them are eagerly needed to avoid potentially morbid biopsies and surgical procedures. We explore herein the performance and interpretability of an MRI-radiomics variational quantum neural network (QNN) using a quantum-annealing mutual-information (MI) feature selection approach. We retrospectively included 423 patients with HGG and LBM (> 2 cm) who had a contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (CE-T1) MRI between 2012 and 2019. After exclusion, 72 HGG and 129 LBM were kept. Tumors were manually segmented, and a 5-mm peri-tumoral ring was created. MRI images were pre-processed, and 1813 radiomic features were extracted. A set of best features based on MI was selected. MI and conditional-MI were embedded into a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) formulation that was mapped to an Ising-model and submitted to D’Wave’s quantum annealer to solve for the best combination of 10 features. The 10 selected features were embedded into a 2-qubits QNN using PennyLane library. The model was evaluated for balanced-accuracy (bACC) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) on the test set. The model performance was benchmarked against two classical models: dense neural networks (DNN) and extreme gradient boosting (XGB). Shapley values were calculated to interpret sample-wise predictions on the test set. The best 10-feature combination included 6 tumor and 4 ring features. For QNN, DNN, and XGB, respectively, training ROC-AUC was 0.86, 0.95, and 0.94; test ROC-AUC was 0.76, 0.75, and 0.79; and test bACC was 0.74, 0.73, and 0.72. The two most influential features were tumor Laplacian-of-Gaussian-GLRLM-Entropy and sphericity. We developed an accurate interpretable QNN model with quantum-informed feature selection to differentiate between LBM and HGG on CE-T1 brain MRI. The model performance is comparable to state-of-the-art classical models.
Illegal trade of pangolins in India with international trade links: an analysis of seizures from 1991 to 2022
Authors: Gomez Lalita , Joseph Tito , Heinrich Sarah , Wright Belinda , D’Cruze Neil 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPangolins have become one of the most intensely poached and trafficked mammal species, exploited mainly for the food and traditional medicine trade. Intense and continued illegal exploitation for commercial trade has become the leading cause of pangolin declines in parts of Asia and Africa. Recent research has illustrated the growing threat this poses to pangolins in India. India is home to two species of pangolin, the Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata and the Chinese Pangolin M. pentadactyla, which have been assessed as endangered and critically endangered respectively. Pangolin seizures in India between 1991 and 2022 were analysed to gain a better understanding of illegal trade dynamics. A total of 426 seizures were collated, involving an estimated 8603 pangolins. The frequency of pangolin seizures increased over time as did the volume of estimated pangolins seized. This could be due to a range of different factors including rising poaching and trade levels, increased law enforcement and reporting, and awareness. Nevertheless, on the ground, investigations by the Wildlife Protection Society of India strongly indicate that the escalating poaching and trade in pangolins is driven by lucrative market demands from beyond India’s borders, with a growing focus on the trade in live pangolins. Enforcement efforts appear to be undermined by low prosecution rates with only 1.4% of recorded seizures resulting in successful convictions. Asian pangolins have rapidly disappeared from their natural range and been locally extirpated in many parts of East and Southeast Asia. India’s pangolin species are at similar risk if poaching and trafficking levels continue unmitigated.
Multi-field coupling and free vibration of a sandwiched functionally-graded piezoelectric semiconductor plate
Authors: Fang Xueqian , He Qilin , Ma Hongwei , Zhu Changsong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSandwiched functionally-graded piezoelectric semiconductor (FGPS) plates possess high strength and excellent piezoelectric and semiconductor properties, and have significant potential applications in micro-electro-mechanical systems. The multi-field coupling and free vibration of a sandwiched FGPS plate are studied, and the governing equation and natural frequency are derived with the consideration of electron movement. The material properties in the functionally-graded layers are assumed to vary smoothly, and the first-order shear deformation theory is introduced to derive the multi-field coupling in the plate. The total strain energy of the plate is obtained, and the governing equations are presented by using Hamilton’s principle. By introducing the boundary conditions, the coupling physical fields are solved. In numerical examples, the natural frequencies of sandwiched FGPS plates under different geometrical and physical parameters are discussed. It is found that the initial electron density can be used to modulate the natural frequencies and vibrational displacement of sandwiched FGPS plates in the case of nano-size. The effects of the material properties of FGPS layers on the natural frequencies are also examined in detail.
Regional habitat suitability for aquatic and terrestrial invasive plant species may expand or contract with climate change
Authors: Nikkel Emma , Clements David R. , Anderson Delia , Williams Jennifer L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe threat of invasive species to biodiversity and ecosystem structure is exacerbated by the increasingly concerning outlook of predicted climate change and other human influences. Developing preventative management strategies for invasive plant species before they establish is crucial for effective management. To examine how climate change may impact habitat suitability, we modeled the current and future habitat suitability of two terrestrial species, Geranium lucidum and Pilosella officinarum, and two aquatic species, Butomus umbellatus and Pontederia crassipes, that are relatively new invasive plant species regionally, and are currently spreading in the Pacific Northwest (PNW, North America), an area of unique natural areas, vibrant economic activity, and increasing human population. Using North American presence records, downscaled climate variables, and human influence data, we developed an ensemble model of six algorithms to predict the potential habitat suitability under current conditions and projected climate scenarios RCP 4.5, 7.0, and 8.5 for 2050 and 2080. One terrestrial species (P. officinarum) showed declining habitat suitability in future climate scenarios (contracted distribution), while the other terrestrial species (G. lucidum) showed increased suitability over much of the region (expanded distribution overall). The two aquatic species were predicted to have only moderately increased suitability, suggesting aquatic plant species may be less impacted by climate change. Our research provides a template for regional-scale modelling of invasive species of concern, thus assisting local land managers and practitioners to inform current and future management strategies and to prioritize limited available resources for species with expanding ranges.