bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E-learning Versus On-Site Learning: an Approach to Determining Medical Students’ Perceptions at King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
Authors: Busaeed Reem , Alghamdi Malak , Abbas Aisha , Altassan Faten , Lamphon Raghad , Saad Sereen , Shuaib Suzan , Khan Muhammad Anwar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Recently, the world has faced the COVID-19 crisis that has forced the education sector to switch from on-site learning to online learning. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate students’ satisfaction, performance, and communication during online learning.
Methods
This research was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The participants were fourth-year medical students studying the musculoskeletal and skin (MSKS) block online and the neuroscience and vision (NEUV) block on site at King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences/College of Medicine (KSAU-HS/COMJ) in the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 academic years, respectively. We distributed two web-based questionnaires and obtained the students’ mean scores from the assessment unit. We collected qualitative and quantitative data and analysed it using descriptive statistics based on a chi-squared independent t-test.
Results
A total of 148 respondents completed the theoretical questionnaire, of which 35.1% were satisfied with the basic medical sciences (BMS) online course, and 26.35% believed that the online course material was easier to understand. The interaction among students and between students and instructors was much worse during the online courses (29.73% and 28.37%, respectively). We observed an association between gender and higher grade point average (GPA) online (p = .0164). For the second questionnaire, there were 120 participants. Although 68.33% of them were satisfied with online problem-based learning (PBL), 56.66% reported worse performance in online PBL. Of all the students, 74.16% preferred on-site practical sessions, and 66.6% believed that they performed better in on-site practical sessions. We identified a significant difference in the students’ mean scores (p < .0001).
Conclusion
This research revealed that the flexibility and convenience of online learning had a positive effect on students’ satisfaction. Our findings showed that a hybrid (online and on site) method can be used effectively in medical schools, but some aspects of the courses cannot be fully replaced by online learning.
Differentiation of solid and friable tumor thrombus in patients with renal cell carcinoma using volumetric analysis of computed tomography radiomic features
Authors: Kowal Paweł , Ratajczyk Krzysztof , Bursiewicz Wiktor , Trzciniecki Maciej , Marek-Bukowiec Karolina , Rogala Joanna , Mytsyk Yulian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has a unique tendency to invade the inferior vena cava through the renal vein, forming a venous tumor thrombus (VTT). Precisely determining the solidity of the VTT before surgery is crucial for appropriate treatment planning and optimal outcomes, as the perioperative spread of friable thrombus can lead to life-threatening complications like pulmonary embolism. The aim of the study was to assess the applicability of CT volumetric analysis to differentiate solid and friable VTT in patients with RCC.
Methods.
Twenty-eight patients with RCC and VTT were enrolled in the study, in whom nephrectomy and thrombectomy were performed. Preoperative abdominal multiphasic contrast-enhanced CT was executed. Patients were categorized into solid or friable groups according to the consistency of the thrombus. For the volumetric texture analysis, the radiomic first-order features were calculated from the entire thrombus volume separately for each CT phase.
Results.
A significant association between the percentage of RCC cells in VTT and the radiodensity values of mean, median, 10th percentile of corticomedullary phase (CMP), mean and median of nephrographic phase (NP) was found. The percentage of RCC cells within the tumour thrombus showed a significant correlation with the CMP median (Pearson's r = 0.748), CMP mean (Pearson's r = 0.731), CMP 90th percentile (Pearson's r = 0.638), CMP 10th percentile (Pearson's r = 0.622) and NP median (Pearson's r = 0.450). The highest performance in differentiating between solid and friable VTT demonstrated the CMP median, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.934 (95% CI 0.846-1.0), sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 62%. The highest sensitivity and specificity in differentiating between solid and friable VTT showed CMP 90th percentile: 90% and 75%, respectively, AUC 0.928 (95% CI 0.830-1.0). The highest specificity (100%) had CMP mean, while the sensitivity and AUC were 85% and 0.925 (95% CI 0.827-1.0), respectively.
Conclusions.
Radiomic features of CT images, such as the mean, median and 90th percentile of CMP of the whole-volume VTT, provide an accurate means of distinguishing between solid and friable thrombus consistency in patients with RCC.
Preoperative anemia and its severity are associated with postoperative deep vein thrombosis in lower limb trauma patients: a cohort study
Authors: Yang Yitong , Wu Linqin , Zhang Hui , Cheng Bo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

BackgroundThere is still lack of data on the relationship between the severity of preoperative anemia and postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following bone trauma. This study aimed to determine whether there is an association of varying degrees of anemia with postoperative DVT.MethodRetrospective analysis of clinical data on patients who underwent surgery for traumatic fractures of the femur, pelvis, or acetabulum between May 2018 and December 2022. Data on demographics, complications, surgical and fracture-related data, preoperative laboratory indicators, anticoagulation were collected, patients were categorized based on their last preoperative hematocrit (HCT) results. Univariate analyses and multivariable analysis were used to identify the independent risk factors associated with DVT.ResultsAmong the 284 cases with postoperative thrombosis, 61(21.5%) had no anemia before surgery, while 223(78.5%) had anemia before surgery. Among those with anemia, 65(29.1%) had mild anemia, and 158(70.9%) had moderate to severe anemia. Multivariable analysis results showed that age > 65 years (OR:2.761, 95%CI[1.673–4.557], p < 0.001), length of stay > 14 days (OR:1.683, 95%CI[1.175–2.410], p = 0.005), preoperative anticoagulation (OR:1.608, 95%CI[1.099–2.352], p = 0.015), anticoagulation after surgery > 24h (OR:1.865, 95%CI[1.221–2.848], p = 0.004), preoperative HCT ranging 33–30% and perioperative blood transfusion (OR:3.052, 95%CI[1.603–5.881], p = 0.001), and preoperative HCT < 27% and blood transfusion (OR:2.979, 95%CI[1.574–5.639], p = 0.001) were independent risk factors for postoperative DVT formation. The ROC curves showed that a preoperative HCT of 35.15% (AUC = 0.670, sensitivity = 64.6%, specificity = 61.2%) in males and 33.45% (AUC = 0.637, sensitivity = 63.7%, specificity = 60.2%) in females were the cut-off values for predicting postoperative DVT occurrence.ConclusionsThe risk of postoperative DVT increases with the severity of preoperative anemia in patients with bone trauma, and perioperative blood transfusion further increases the risk of DVT.Trial registration:ChiCTR2100049356.
Synthesis of 2-Dimensional Novel Ti3C2Tx/NaF nano-composites and Fabrication of Electrode for Electrochemical performance of Pseudo-capacitive Supercapacitor Device
Authors: Riaz M. Bilal , Hussain Danish , Awan Saif Ullah , Rizwan Syed , Zainab Sana , Shah Saqlain A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The increasing global demand for energy storage solutions has spurred interest in advanced materials for electrochemical energy storage devices. Transition-metal carbides and nitrides known as MXenes, characterized by remarkable conductivity and tunable properties, have gained attention for their potential in energy storage applications. The properties of two-dimensional (2-D) MXenes can be tuned by doping or composite formation for energy storage applications. We report a novel Ti3C2Tx/NaF composite via a straightforward hydrothermal process for supercapacitor electrode applications. Three different composites with varying NaF concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) were synthesized under uniform conditions. Structural characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the successful formation of the composites, whereas, distinct shifts in XRD peaks and new peaks revealed the presence of NaF. Electrochemical performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charging-discharging (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The composites exhibited pseudo-capacitive behavior with reversible redox reactions during charge and discharge cycles. Specific capacitance of 191 F/g at scan rates of 2 mV/s was measured in 1M KOH. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed an escalating impedance factor as NaF content increases within Ti3C2Tx. This study underscores the versatile energy storage potential of Ti3C2Tx/NaF composites, offering insights into their tailored properties and behavior.
Effect of Nitrogen Rate and Irrigation Regime on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Yield in the low lands of North Shoa, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Shewangizaw Beza , Kassie Kenzemed , Assefa Shawl , Lemma Getachew , Getai Yalmgena , Getu Demisew , Getanh Lisanu , Shegaw Getanh , Manaze Gebrehana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Crop productivity can be increased by application of optimum water and fertilizer. A field experiment was conducted in Eferatagidm district, North Shewa, Amhara, Ethiopia, during the irrigation season of 2019 and 2020 with the objective of determining N rate and irrigation depth for optimum tomato yield. The experiment consisted of factorial combinations of three-irrigation depths (75% ETc, 100% ETc, and 125% ETc) and four N rates (0 kg N ha− 1, 46 kg N ha− 1, 92 kg N ha− 1, and 138 kg N ha− 1). The treatments were laid out in a split-plot design with four replications. The main plot was arranged for the irrigation regime while the subplot was for the nitrogen rates. Data on growth, yield, and yield-related traits of tomatoes include; plant height, number of fruit clusters per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, number of marketable fruits, number of un-marketable fruits, the total number of fruits, marketable fruit yield, un-marketable fruit yield, total yield were collected. Data were subjected to analysis of variance using R studio. The results indicated that the experimental site had low total nitrogen content and application of N fertilizer significantly improved tomato yield. Increasing irrigation depth also significantly increased tomato yield. The result indicated that the highest mean marketable fruit yield (35903 kg ha− 1) was obtained from the combined application of 125% ETc with 92 kg N ha− 1 while the lowest (13655 kg ha− 1) marketable fruit yield was obtained from 75% ETc with 92 kg N ha− 1. The partial budget analysis also indicated that the highest net benefit (266272 ETB ha− 1) as well as acceptable marginal rate of return (1240) for the invested capital was recorded from the combined application of 125% ETc with 92 kg N ha− 1. Therefore, the application of 125% ETc with 92 kg N ha− 1 resulted in highest net benefit.
Maternal health outcomes and associated factors among women who delivered by cesarean section in Public Hospitals of Gamo, Gofa and South Omo zones, Southern Ethiopia: a cross sectional study
Authors: Mehammud Bedria Mohammed , Hassen Feisal Hussein , Tessema Eden Sileshi , Indiris Bilcha Oumer , Yesera Gesila Endashaw , Getenet Agegnehu Bante 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Cesarean section is the most common major surgical procedure in obstetrics and gynecology in the world. Though advance in cesarean section technique, it still poses higher maternal morbidity and mortality than vaginal delivery. Maternal outcomes consist of information regarding hemorrhage, infections, hysterectomy, uterine rupture, and pronged hospital stay. Thus, The aim of this study was to assess the maternal health outcomes and associated factors among women who delivered by Cesarean Section in public hospitals of Gamo, Gofa and South Omo Zones Southern Ethiopia.
Methods and materials:
An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 354 women who delivered by cesarean section from March 1 to April 30/2022 at public Hospitals of Gamo, Gofa and South Omo Zones. Participants were selected by simple random sampling method; interview and chart review were used to collect data. Data was collected by Open Data Kit (ODK) and exported in to SPSS Software version 25 for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions analysis was used to analyze the data. Finally, p-value < 0.05 was used to decree statistically significant association
Results
Overall, 19.5%, 95% CI (15.67% – 23.97%) of participants were ended up with poor maternal outcome in this study. A hematocrit value of < 30% (AOR = 3.17; 95% CI: 1.28, 7.86), referral status AOR = 3.00; 95% CI: 1.36, 6.62), presence of medical illness (AOR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.20, 6.79), delivered in primary hospitals (AOR = 5.11; 95% CI: 2.28, 11.47), no ANC follow up (AOR = 4.04; 95% CI: 1.42, 11.46)and operated under general anesthesia (AOR = 5.16; 95% CI: 2.03, 12.06) were significantly associated with poor maternal health outcomes.
Conclusion and recommendation:
Magnitude of poor maternal outcome following cesarean section at the study area was high. Applying blood-controlling techniques during and after cesarean birth, as well as adequate non-communicable disease screening, early diagnosis, and management during ANC will improve the outcome for the maternal health.
Mitragyna parvifolia- Effective against hyperglycaemia, proinflammatory markers and liver apoptosis in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Authors: Alqahtani Mohammed S. , Shukla Ashutosh , Harsola Laxmikant , Shaik Baji , Syed Rabbani , Hassan Ahmed M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Ethanolic extract of Mitragyna parvifolia leaves were used as a traditionally use in the treatment of diabetic conditions. The aim of the current study was to find out the effect of Mitragyna parvifolia ethanolic leaves extract (MPE) on hyperglycemia developed by streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 2 diabetes in rats.
Materials and Method
An animal model of diabetes type 2 was developed by administration of STZ 90 mg/Kg to two-day old neonatal rat pups. Oral glucose test and parameters were examined of diabetic rat after the different dose of extracts. The rats were exist into following groups:
Group I –Normal control, Group II – STZ diabetic control, Group III –STZ Diabetic –orally administered MPEx at doses of 300 mg/kg, Group IV STZ-Diabetic – orally administered at doses of 500 mg/kg, Our study was confirmed that 8 weeks chronic treatment with MPE in a dose dependent manner (300 and 500 mg/kg) reduced hyperglycemia and significantly increased serum insulin, C-peptide. Histology of liver was performed after sacrificing the rats with euthanasia
Result
The ethanolic extract of MP was not show any acute toxicity up-to the dose of 2000 mg/kg and it was shown better glucose consumption in oral glucose tolerance test. Orally treatment of different doses of MP leaves extract decreased the level of serum glucose, reduce elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin IL-6 in the serum of diabetic rats.
After the study, we found that elevated blood glucose and lipids were bring back to near normal. In addition, MPE also reduce elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin IL-6 in the serum of diabetic rats.
Conclusion
We conclude that MPE exerted antidiabetic effects and reduced its associated complications such as dyslipidemia and inflammation. HE and confocal image of TUNEL assay showed that MPE reduced inflammation and apoptosis in diabetic rats.
Temporal structure of avian dawn chorus along a landscape anthropization gradient
Authors: Godet Laurent , Prampart Abel , Lostanlen Vincent , Nabucet Jean , Aumond Pierre 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

ContextIf an animal community can be similar from a city to its outskirts, its rhythm of activity can be modified by anthropogenic pressures. Passive acoustic monitoring techniques offer the opportunity to assess such changes in birdsong along anthropization gradients.ObjectivesDisentangling the relative influence of anthropogenic pressures, landscape composition and the composition of the bird community on the temporal structure of dawn chorus.MethodsBirdsongs were recorded in France in 36 stations located along an anthropization gradient through passive acoustic devices. The temporal structure of birdsongs was confronted to anthropogenic pressures (artificial lights and traffic noise), landscape composition indices (landscape diversity, areas covered by woodland and buildings) and characteristics of the bird community (abundance, species richness and diversity) around each station.ResultsFor a given species, birds tend to sing earlier and during shorter periods in areas densely built, submitted to high levels of artificial lights, traffic noise, and in areas hosting the lowest conspecific abundances. Highly built and lit areas lead to a community reassembly promoting late singing species and species singing for short periods. Artificial lights and traffic noise promote a higher species temporal turnover and a lower temporal nestedness of the dawn chorus at the community level.ConclusionsIn cities, birds tend to sing earlier, during shorter periods, and the different species sing in a succession rather than in a polyphony. The full bird chorus, gathering almost all the species of a community singing together in the same time seems to have disappeared from the most anthropized areas.
Study on the Moisture Permeability of Warp-knitted Jacquard Shoe Upper Material based on CFD
Authors: Zuo Lujiao , Zhang Qi , Tu Jiani , Nie Meiting 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Developing warp-knitted Jacquard upper material is a lengthy process, and its performance test is complex. Therefore, predicting fabric performance by providing a method is of utmost importance. For this study, the areas of the shoe upper material that were most prone to wear and allowed greater breathability were taken as test samples. The impact of mesh structure and its distribution on the moisture permeability of shoe upper material was analysed using experiments and numerical simulations. SolidWorks modelling software was used for modelling the samples. Based on the fabric model, the effective structure is trimmed, and the fluid domain is isolated. The Fluent software was utilised to simulate numerically moisture permeability of the fluid domain model, and the measured outcomes were compared with the simulation results. The findings indicated that the simulated structure corresponded to the measured results, and the mesh structure heightened the moisture permeability of the upper material. Then, using the existing model as a basis, the yarn fineness and spacer yarn number of the spacer comb were altered independently to investigate how they influence moisture permeability in shoe upper material. The findings indicate that a decrease in yarn thickness enhances moisture permeability, and a smaller angle of inclination for the spacer yarn promotes water vapour transportation.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of drug therapy for children with tic disorder in China
Authors: Hu Yong , Yang Chunsong , Huang Xi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
There is lack of economic evaluation of drug treatment for children with tic disorder. The study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of four drug therapies for children with tic disorder in China.
Methods
We used the decision tree model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of four treatment options for children for tic disorder, including tiapride, clonidine adhesive patch, aripiprazole and tiapride plus clonidine patch. A one-year decision tree model was constructed using effective rate as the outcome, and direct and indirect costs of four treatment options were obtained from published studies. One-way sensitivity analysis and probability sensitivity analysis were applied to test whether the results were robust.
Results
Clonidine adhesive patches cost more than tiapride but were more effective. The cost-effectiveness ratio was 9,315.33 yuan, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 13,407,143.696 yuan. At the willingness to pay threshold of 85,698 yuan, patches were not economical. Aripiprazole or tiapride combined with clonidine patches were both inferior treatments. The sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable.
Conclusions
Tiapride was the most cost-effective therapeutic drug, and clonidine adhesive patches were not economical.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy versus Ureteroscopic Laser Lithotripsy in Proximal Ureteric Calculus 10 to 20mm in Size Running head: ESWL vs URS in proximal ureteric calculus 10-20mm
Authors: Pushpanathan Mugialan , Fahmy Omar , LKS Christopher , Khairul-Asri Mohd Ghani 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To investigate the efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) and ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy (URS) treatment of upper ureteric stones between 10 to 20 mm in size. From January 2020 to January 2023, 75 patients were treated for proximal ureteric calculus between using ESWL (n = 40) & URS (n = 35). Both groups were compared regarding operative time, success rate and complications who underwent treatment for proximal ureteric calculus of 10–20 mm diameter. URS group was observed to have higher stone-free rate, compared to the ESWL group, 4 (11.4%) vs 20 patients (50.0%) (p < 0.001). However, URS treatment had a higher complication rate compared to the ESWL, 9 (25.7%) vs 3(7.5%) ;( p = 0.032). Procedure time for URS was longer, compared to the ESWL, median &(IQR) for URS vs ESWL were 78.0 (65.0, 100.0) vs 62.0 (48.0, 67.0) mintues; (p < 0.001). We conclude that URS has a better stone-free rate in comparison to a single session of ESWL for upper ureteral calculus of 10-20mm, with higher complication rates such as post-operative fever and pain.
Preliminary investigation of pollutant transport through homogeneous porous media and its application in the evaluation of water quality
Authors: Mayank Muskan , Tiwari Kamal Kant 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Laboratory experiments are used to investigate the transport behavior of tracer particles such as fluoride through homogeneous porous media. These tracers were preferred as reactive pollutants during the investigation process, since fluorides constitute a significant proportion of water. A three-dimensional rectangular tank filled with porous soil media is part of the laboratory setup. In the lab, preliminary geotechnical estimation will be performed to determine the physical characteristics of the soil media and the chemical estimation of the fluoride tracers using the SPADNS method using a HACH DR 6000 spectrophotometer. The effluent concentration obtained after transporting the tracers through porous media was tested in the laboratory to study the solute breakthrough characteristics. The experimental data of the observed breakthrough curves are simulated using a standard advection dispersion equation, and the proposed model effectively simulates the concentration peaks. The water analysis report was also carried out for the Sanganer Block of Jaipur District (Rajasthan), in which a parametric study is performed at the regional level to examine the water quality standards. According to the WHO recommendations for health and environmental aspects, the fluoride tracer must be kept within the permitted limit of 1.5 ppm. The results obtained show that the concentration of fluorides is above the Sheodaspura region, thus requiring immediate removal of fluorides to its recommended limit.