bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KONSEP MUAMALAH BERDASARKAN KAIDAH FIQH MUAMALAH KONTEMPORER
Authors: Mubarroq Alvian Chasanal , Latifah Luluk 
Published: July 2023

In their capacity as social beings, humans cannot fulfill all their needs without the assistance of others. This is based on the diversity of individual needs and their limitations in meeting these various needs. The aim of this research is to analyze the concept of muamalah based on contemporary fiqh principles. The research employs a qualitative approach using literature review and descriptive analysis techniques. The findings of this research indicate that the fundamental principle of contemporary fiqh muamalah is that all muamalah practices are permissible unless there is evidence prohibiting them. Additionally, scholars adhere to key principles of muamalah, such as the principle of avoiding riba (usury), avoiding gharar (uncertainty or ambiguity) and tadlis (deception), abstaining from maysir (speculation), refraining from engaging in haram products, and avoiding invalid or void contractual practices. These principles must not be violated as they have become axioms in fiqh muamalah.
Abstrak
Manusia, dalam kapasitasnya sebagai makhluk sosial, tidak dapat memenuhi segala kebutuhan hidupnya tanpa bantuan pihak lain. Hal ini didasari pada keanekaragaman kebutuhan setiap individu dan keterbatasannya dalam memenuhi aneka kebutuhan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa tentang konsep muamalah berdasarkan kaidah fiqh muamalah kontemporer. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan secara kualitatif dengan pendekatan Pustaka dan tehnik analisis diskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Kaidah dasar Fiqh muamalah kontemporer adalah semua praktek muamalah boleh, kecuali ada dalil yang mengharamkannya. Selain itu para ulama berpegang kepada prinsip-prinsip utama muamalah, seperti, prinsip bebas riba, bebas gharar (ketidakjelasan atau ketidak-pastian) dan tadlis, tidak maysir (spekulatif), bebas produk haram dan praktik akad fasid atau batil. Prinsip ini tidak boleh dilanggar, karena telah menjadi aksioma dalam Fiqh muamalah.
SHARIA ECONOMIC LAW POLICY UMAR IBN AL-KHATTAB
Authors: Said Muh , Syafi'ah Syafi'ah , Jamarudin Ade 
Published: July 2023

Umar Ibn al-Khattab (584-644 M) was the second caliph in Islamic history after replacing the caliph Abu Bakr al-Siddiq. He was one of the companions of the Prophet SAW who had strong morals, was energetic, fair, and wise, had a firm and complex character, and had managerial and administrative abilities. Umar as caliph, only ruled for more than ten years, but in that short period, there were many successes and advancements experienced by Islamic society, especially in the economic field. So it is prevalent in the history of the Islamic world that the reign of Umar was a golden age in Islamic history. The success of Umar's leadership, especially in reforming and developing the community's economic system and prospering their lives, is due to scientific abilities, ijtihad, and a well-established managerial system in regulating the country's foreign exchange. Utilization and proper distribution, as well as rigorous and disciplined supervision. This can be understood from the various economic law policies carried out when applying the principles of production, consumption, and distribution based on fairness in law enforcement and fair distribution.
Abstrak
Umar Ibn al-Khattab (584-644 M) sebagai khalifah kedua dalam sejarah Islam setelah menggantikan khalifah Abu Bakar al-Shiddiq. Ia adalah salah seorang sahabat Nabi saw yang memiliki moral kuat, energik, adil dan bijaksana, memiliki karakter yang tegas dan keras, serta kemampuan manajerial dan administratif. Umar sebagai khalifah, hanya memerintah selama 10 tahun lebih, akan tetapi dalam periode yang singkat banyak keberhasilan dan kemajuan yang di alami masyarakat Islam, terutama di bidang ekonomi. Sehingga sangat populer dalam sejarah dunia Islam bahwa masa pemerintahan Umar merupakan abad keemasan dalam sejarah Islam. Keberhasilan kepemimpinan Umar khususnya dalam mereformasi dan mengembangkan sistem perekonomian masyarakat sekaligus mensejahterakan kehidupan mereka, karena berkat kemampuan keilmuan, ijtihadi dan sistem manajerial yang mapan dalam mengatur devisa Negara. Pemanfaatan dan pendistribusian yang tepat serta pengawasannya yang sangat ketat dan disiplin. Hal tersebut, dapat dipahami dari berbagai kebijakan hukum ekonomi yang dilakukan ketika menerapkan prinsip-prinsip produksi, konsumsi dan distribusi, dengan dasar adil dalam penegakan hukum, dan adil dalam pendistribusian.
PEMANFAATAN TANAH WAKAF PRODUKTIF: PENDEKATAN PRAKTIS
Authors: Sofyan Syaakir , Sofyan A. Syathir 
Published: July 2023

Productive waqf land management is one of the main concerns in an effort to increase the contribution of waqf in the community economy. This study aims to analyze the utilization of productive waqf land in the form of rice fields managed by the village imam together with the community and to learn how to maintain waqf assets in order to contribute to the community. The approach used is qualitative with a case study research type. The interview technique became the primary data source with a semi-structured technique. The results showed that waqf land in the form of rice fields is essentially intended for the village priest (akkinanrengenna imangnge) as a living so that the village priest has the right to utilize the waqf land. In its management, the Imam appoints cultivators as land managers on the basis of kinship and has expertise, but has economic limitations. Land management cooperation will be implemented if both parties have agreed on their respective rights and obligations as well as the distribution of the harvest. This research contributes to research on the theme of productive waqf, practically and theoretically it will be very important for stakeholders.
Abstrak
Pengelolaan tanah wakaf produktif menjadi salah satu perhatian utama dalam upaya meningkatkan kontribusi wakaf dalam perekonomian masyarakat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemanfaatan tanah wakaf produktif berupa sawah yang dikelola oleh imam desa bersama masyarakat dan mempelajari cara mempertahankan aset wakaf agar dapat berkontribusi kepada masyarakat. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Teknik wawancara menjadi sumber data primer dengan teknik semiterstruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanah wakaf berupa sawah hakikinya diperuntukkan untuk imam desa (akkinanrengenna imangnge) sebagai nafkah sehingga imam desa memiliki hak untuk memanfaatkan tanah wakaf tersebut. Dalam pengelolaannya, Imam menunjuk penggarap selaku pengelola lahan atas dasar kekerabatan serta memiliki keahlian, namun memiliki keterbatasan ekonomi. Kerjasama pengelolaan lahan akan telaksana bila kedua belah pihak telah sepakat akan hak dan kewajiban masing-masing serta pembagian hasil panen. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi untuk penelitian dengan tema wakaf produktif secara praktis dan teoritis akan sangat penting bagi para pemangku kepentingan
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PEMERINTAH ATAS GEJOLAK RESESI TAHUN 2023
Authors: Wahyuni Wahyuni 
Published: July 2023

The predicted recession in 2023 is expected to be characterized by a global economic decline that could have severe social and economic consequences, including poverty, rising prices of goods, high unemployment rates, and financial market turmoil. The uncertain economic conditions resulting from the recession require the government to exercise greater caution in implementing domestic policies, particularly with regard to investment, which is currently a focal point for the government. The focus point of this study is how legal protection is provided by the government for recession shocks in 2023. This research uses a type of empirical legal research and analyzed using a descriptive-analytic method. by using a related statutory approach, a case approach as well as a philosophical, sociological and juridical approach. Anticipating a recession, the government has taken legal steps in order to provide legal protection to the public. The protection provided by the government is divided into conditions before the recession occurs as an anticipatory (preventive) step and conditions facing the risk of recession, if it occurs as a solution (repressive) step. Supporting systems that include the government, the community and business are the main aspects that can suppress recession fluctuations both inside and outside the country.
Abstrak
Resesi yang diprediksi pada tahun 2023 diperkirakan akan ditandai dengan penurunan ekonomi global yang dapat menimbulkan konsekuensi sosial dan ekonomi yang parah, termasuk kemiskinan, kenaikan harga barang, tingkat pengangguran yang tinggi, dan gejolak pasar keuangan. Kondisi ekonomi yang tidak menentu akibat resesi mengharuskan pemerintah untuk lebih berhati-hati dalam menerapkan kebijakan dalam negeri, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan investasi, yang saat ini menjadi focal point pemerintah. titik fokus permasalahan yang akan dibahas pada penelitian ini yakni tentang bagaimana perlindungan hukum yang diberikan oleh pemerintah atas gejolak resesi di tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum empiris, yang melihat fakta-fakta yang terjadi di lapangan dan kemudian dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif-analisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan terkait, pendekatan kasus maupun pendekatan filosofis, sosiologis dan yuridis. Mengantisipasi terjadinya resesi, pemerintah telah mengupayakan langkah-langkah hukum dalam rangka memberikan perlindungan hukum kepada masyarakat. Perlindungan yang diberikan oleh pemerintah terbagi kedalam kondisi sebelum resesi itu terjadi sebagai langkah antisipatif (preventif) dan kondisi menghadapi resiko resesi, apabila itu terjadi sebagai langkah solutif (represif). Supporting system yang mencakup pemerintah, masyarakat dan pelaku usaha adalah aspek utama yang dapat menekan gejolak resesi baik didalam maupun diluar negeri.
PRAKTIK GHARAR DALAM TRANSAKSI EKONOMI ISLAM: TELAAH TERHADAP KAIDAH FIQHIYAH
Authors: Nurinayah Nurinayah 
Published: July 2023

One of the legal maxim states that a transaction can be damaged if there are many things that the consequences cannot be known (gharar) before the transaction occurs and it is not damaged if it is small. The author in this case aims to examine the criteria for a transaction that is considered damaged, as well as an explanation of the types of gharar that are prohibited and permissible based on the description given by this legal maxim. The method used in this article is library research with descriptive analysis. The result is that the permissibility of gharar is when the gharar is assessed a little. As for how to find out the size of the amount of gharar that has occurred is which has become a common practice where if in a transaction there is a bit of gharar that has been accepted as part of market tradition, then it is considered normal by people and no party feels disadvantaged.
Abstrak
Salah satu kaidah fiqhiyah menyatakan bahwa suatu transaksi bisa rusak bila banyak terdapat hal yang tidak dapat diketahui akibatnya sebelum transaksi terjadi dan tidak rusak bila sedikit. Penulis dalam hal ini bertujuan untuk meneliti kriteria akad yang dianggap rusak, sekaligus penjelasan jenis gharar yang dilarang dan dibolehkan berdasarkan gambaran yang diberikan oleh kaidah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini yaitu library research dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasilnya, bahwa kebolehan gharar adalah bilamana gharar itu dinilai sedikit. Adapun cara mengetahui ukuran sedikit dari gharar yang terjadi yaitu gharar yang telah menjadi kebiasaan umum yang mana jika dalam sebuah transaksi terdapat sedikit gharar yang sudah diterima sebagai bagian dari tradisi pasar, lantas dianggap biasa oleh orang-orang dan tidak ada pihak yang merasa dirugikan.
Resistance to Antibiotics by Enteric Bacteria Associated with the Swine Industry: in silico Exploration of the Distribution of Resistance Genes
Authors: Miranda-Valdés Javier Rubén , Pedraza-Pérez Yagul , García-Díaz Lidia Esmeralda , Carreño-López Ricardo , Fuentes-Ramírez Luis Ernesto , Rocha-Gracia Rosa del Carmen , Cuautle-García Lucero Montserrat , Marín-Cevada Vianey 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are a significant contributor to the global antibiotic resistance crisis, which is predicted to kill more people than cancer by 2050. Livestock production is a contributing factor as it has been one of the fastest-growing industries in the previous century but has the most harmful effects on the environment and human health. The pig is the most widely raised and consumed food-producing animal globally, with an upward trend. The derived residues and the meat products constitute an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) that can be transmitted to humans through consumption, direct contact, the environment, or poor handling, leading to relevant zoonotic diseases, especially enteric ones. It is essential to know the diversity, abundance, and distribution of ARGs to have better control and monitoring of their dispersion. In the present study, the ARGs and Mobile Genetic Elements (MGEs) of five enteric and pathogenic species commonly present in the microbiota of both pigs and humans were examined by bioinformatic analysis. This analysis showed that 157 ARGs were distributed across 1869 genomes of five bacterial species, ranked from highest to lowest diversity of ARGs: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Salmonella enterica, and Enterococcus faecalis. This study contributes to better management of antibiotics, which directly impact the health of both humans and animals.
Balance nutrition and vaccination as efforts to prevent COVID-19 in the community: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Syadza Sausan , Husnah Husnah , Hajar Sitti , Nauval Iflan , Atmaja RM Agung Pranata 
Published: July 2023

The increasing cases of COVID-19 are worrying because of its rapid spread and fatality. Efforts are needed to prevent the spread of COVID-19, such as increasing immunity of the body by enforcing vaccination programs, fulfilling balanced nutritional intake, and increasing knowledge about balanced nutrition for the community. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from August 5 to 10, 2021. A cluster sampling technique was used to recruit respondents and 106 respondents were obtained. Perceptions of balanced nutrition and vaccination were assessed by a self-composed questionnaire while nutritional intake was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The results of the study showed that 89 respondents (84%) had a good perception of balanced nutrition and 55 respondents (51.9%) had a good perception of vaccinations. Seventy-nine respondents (74.5%) had a good eating habits while 61 respondents (57.5%) had received vaccination. Most participants (84%) chose family/friends as sources of information about nutrition while (94.3%) chose mass media as an important sources of information on vaccination.
Microbial assessment of indoor air of the applied microbiology laboratory, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Authors: AS Ezemba , CM Nwabisi , IO Udemezue , CC Ezemba , OJ Osuala 
Published: July 2023

Air is made up of enormous number of microorganisms mainly fungi and bacteria spores. Their estimation is important as an indication of cleanliness of any particular environment. The present study was carried out to assess microorganisms in indoor air of the Applied Microbiology laboratory of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Prepared plates of Sabouraud Dextrose agar (SDA), Nutrient agar (NA), and Blood agar were exposed for ten minutes for culturing of microorganisms. The NA and Blood agar plates were incubated at 37oC for 24h while the SDA plate was incubated at room temperature for 48h. A total of ten (10) microorganisms were isolated from the samples. These include six (6) bacteria and four (fungal) species. The bacterial isolates include; Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus sp., and Proteus sp. The fungal isolates include Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., and Rhizopus sp. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus sp. with 25% and 35% occurrence. Proteus sp., Streptococcus sp., E. coli, and P. aeruginosa had 20%, 10%, 5%, and 5% percentage occurrences respectively. Aspergillus and Penicillium sp. were the most frequently isolated fungal isolates with 40% and 30% occurrence respectively. Fusarium sp. and Rhizopus sp. both had 20% and 10% occurrence respectively. With this result, attention must be given to control those environmental factors which favor the growth and multiplication of microbes in the indoor air of the laboratory and air sterilization should be carried out to safeguard the health of users and workers.
A study of wound healing process in post total laryngectomy patients: Serial case reports
Authors: Wardianti Srifia , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Kurnia Benny , Setiani Lily , Fadhlia Fadhlia , Safarianti Safarianti 
Published: July 2023

Laryngeal carcinoma is a malignancy on larynx that may occur in glottic, supraglottic and subglottic. Larynx plays role in coordination of upper aerodigestive tract such as breathing, verbal and swallowing. This reported as the third most common malignancy in the ENT-HN department. Total laryngectomy is a procedure that performed on T3 and T4 lesions. The most common complication is prolonged of the wound healing process. The process is very complex consist of four overlapping phases that involve multifactorial divided into local and systemic factors. Local factors include oxygenation and infection, while systemic factors are age, gender, psychological stress, nutrition, chronic disease and immunocompromise conditions. In this case, seven patients underwent total laryngectomy and contributing factors of wound healing process were observed in each patient until 14th postoperative day. Some of important factors might contributed to the wound healing process in some patients such as psychological stress, nutrition and chronic disease such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
Kategorisasi Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas Empat Sekolah Dasar di SD se-Gugus II Kapanewon Playen, Gunung Kidul
Authors: Rahmawati Heni , Pujiastuti Pratiwi , Cahyaningtyas Andarini Permata 
Published: July 2023

Berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang dibutuhkan untuk menghadapi tantangan abad 21. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas empat sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 61 siswa berasal dari SD se-gugus II Kapanewon Playen Kabupaten Gunungkidul , Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan tes dengan indikator menginterpretasi, menganalisis, dan mengevaluasi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif yang mencakup ketiga indikator dengan kategori kategori sangat baik, baik, cukup, kurang, dan sangat kurang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata skor berpikir kritis siswa berada pada kategori cukup. Lebih jauh, pada indikator menginterpretasi didominasi kategori cukup, pada indikator menganalisis didominasi kategori baik, dan pada indikator mengevaluasi didominasi kategori cukup. Dengan demikian, kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar tersebut berada pada kategori cukup. Namun demikian, terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pada pada masing-masing indikator.
Efektivitas Asesmen Autentik dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Puteri Anggiet Noviana , Yoenanto Nono Hery , Nawangsari Nur Ainy Fardana 
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis asesmen pembelajaran bermakna dan efektif yang diterapkan di kelas. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Narrative Literature Review dimana peneliti mengkaji 9 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria yang ditetapkan oleh peneliti. Artikel diambil dari beberapa database dengan kriteria yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan berlangsung dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir, dilakukan pada jenjang SD-SMA sederajat dan mengkaji asesmen pembelajaran bermakna yang meliputi asesmen alternatif maupun asesmen otentik. Hasil penelitian ini adalah asesmen pembelajaran bermakna harus dilakukan secara autentik yakni peserta didik mampu mendemonstrasikan apa yang ia pahami atas pembelajaran yang dilakukan sesuai dengan konteks kehidupannya dan akan efektif apabila lebih bersifat formatif yang memberikan berbagai informasi dalam bentuk umpan balik secara berkelanjutan bagi guru maupun peserta didik untuk saling merefleksikan guna mencapai tujuan pembelajaran yang diharapkan. Kesimpulannya adalah asesmen pembelajaran bermakna dan efektif berupa asesmen autentik yang dilakukan secara formatif mempunyai banyak manfaat bagi guru maupun peserta didik. Namun, terdapat beberapa tantangan yang perlu untuk diantisipasi oleh para guru agar proses penerapan di kelas bisa berjalan dengan optimal.
PERCEPÇÃO E TOLERÂNCIA AO RISCO DOS GESTORES DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR
Authors: Duarte Daura Helena Jales Dantas , Morais Eulita de Souza , Siqueira Elisabete Stradiotto , Nobre Fábio Chaves , Nobre Liana Holanda Nepomuceno 
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: analisar as relações entre os constructos de percepção e tolerância, percebidos pelos gestores de propriedades rurais.

Referencial teórico: se apoia na literatura por meio da agricultura familiar e a tolerencia ao risco e incertezas na agricultura.

Método: Realizou-se uma pesquisa survey com 137 agricultores. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo de carácter descrito. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário e revelam que o comportamento dos entrevistados é restrito a ações que não os coloquem em situações de risco financeiro.

Resultados e conclusão: Nas análises das médias do fator comportamento de risco, os resultados revelaram que a percepção ao risco antecede a tolerância ao risco, e a relação entre os constructos é de ordem inversa, em que os gestores percebem mais risco em uma situação que têm a menor tendência a incorrer riscos. Nesse contexto, quanto maior for o risco percebido, menos chances terá o gestor de realizar o negócio. As constatações permitiram ampliar a compreensão sobre as relações entre os constructos de risco dentro do processo decisório. De forma geral, os gestores da agricultura familiar mostram indícios da necessidade de gerir as finanças de forma mais eficiente e na maioria dos casos buscam melhorar essas práticas.

Implicações da pesquisa: as implicações deste estudo para a gestão da agricultura familiar evidenciam que os gestores percebem as situações de risco, e apresentam baixa disposição a correr este risco (tolerância ao risco).

Originalidade/valor: amplia a compreensão sobre a tolerância ao risco vinculado ao financeiro das famílias que vivem da agricultura familiar.