bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid-State Silver-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Fluorination of Cyclobutanols by Using Mechanochemistry
Authors: Isshiki Ryota , Kubota Koji , Ito Hajime 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this report, we demonstrate that a ball-milling technique facilitates fast and efficient silver-catalyzed ring-opening fluorination of cyclobutanols. This is the first report of a catalytic C–C bond-cleavage/functionalization reaction under solid-state mechanochemical conditions. The developed protocol affords a high yield of γ-fluorinated ketones within much shorter reaction times, and requires less silver catalyst and Selectfluor compared with the previous solution-based conditions. Notably, the process can be carried out in air. Because of the reduced use of chemicals and the simple time-saving experimental procedures, this technique is an efficient and environmentally friendly way to access γ-fluorinated ketones.
Development and Validation of Nocturia-Related Quality of Life Assessment Scale among Adults
Authors: Varughese Susamma , Rajeev Thekke Puthalath , Rodrigues Devina E. , Sucharitha Suresh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Nocturia has high impact on quality of life (QoL) based on varying geographical and cultural factors. Speculating this, nocturia-related QoL (NRQoL) assessment scale was developed precisely, appropriate to the Indian context.
Objective The current study aimed to develop and validate an NRQoL assessment scale for Indian adults.
Methods An exploratory descriptive design was performed among 420 cases and 206 controls aged 35 to 65 years from two selected tertiary hospitals in Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. The NRQoL assessment scale was formulated through the following phases: review of literature, evaluation by experts, and pretesting. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to reduce the number of items and to define domains. Reliability, construct validity, discriminant validity, and convergent validity of the scale were calculated.
Results EFA resulted in the removal of seven items from a 36-item instrument, resulting NRQoL assessment scale into six domains as follows: (1) functional, (2) sleep, (3) emotional, (4) physical, (5) social and family, and (6) spiritual. The findings from the tertiary hospitals study confirmed that the scale was valid and reliable to measure NRQoL among adults.
Conclusion The NRQoL assessment scale is a new, valid, and reliable instrument that is well-understood by adults and can be answered quickly. It is a useful new tool that can be translated and tested in other cultures and languages.
Complications of 90Y Radioembolization Treatment for Liver Tumors
Authors: Eghbali Mason , Haber Zachary M. , Srinivasa Ravi N. , Padia Siddharth A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractY90 radioembolization has been demonstrated to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with HCC and for certain liver metastases, such as neuroendocrine tumors, uveal melanomas, and breast cancer. Although the procedure is relatively safe, the complications associated with radioembolization vary greatly in their locations, presentation, and severity. This review aims to discuss and increase awareness of the potential complications associated with radioembolization.
Virtual Ophthalmology Rotation for Visiting Medical Students: An Opportunity to Enhance Diversity in the Workforce
Authors: Yousuf Salman J. , Nguyen Nguyen S. , Oskuei Monika Farhangi , Kwagyan John , Jones Leslie S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction We created a virtual rotation to facilitate the exposure of ophthalmology to medical students and serve as a pilot program to help attract students from under-represented in medicine (URM) backgrounds. In addition to the rotation eliminating the financial burdens associated with in-person away rotations, we offered a not-for-credit (i.e., drop-in) option that included sessions outside the typical clinic hours. This option reduced scheduling conflicts as a barrier to enrollment and allowed junior medical students and postgraduates to participate and hopefully further develop an interest in ophthalmology.
Methods Before the rotation, participants completed a pre-test and a survey to collect data on learners' backgrounds and interest in applying for ophthalmology residency. The rotation included live lectures, case-based discussions, chart reviews, and guided self-study. Following the rotation, participants completed a post-test and a survey to query applicants on the online rotation's utility and delivery.
Results Eleven learners enrolled in the course and completed the prerotation survey and test. Approximately one-third (4/11; 36%) were URM students and two-thirds (7/11; 64%) were female. All responded they were planning to apply for ophthalmology residency. All responded they strongly agreed that the rotation increased their general knowledge in ophthalmology, and 89% (9/11) strongly agreed that it improved their ability to diagnose and manage actual patients. Nearly all (7/8; 87.5%) strongly agreed the rotation provided the opportunity to seek support for the residency application process, and all found the online platform reliable and easy to access. Exam scores improved significantly from pre- to post-tests (60 vs. 79%; p < 0.01).
Conclusions The rotation attracted a substantial proportion of URM students. Learners reported that the virtual rotation effectively taught and supported their endeavors to become ophthalmologists. Virtual rotations for visiting students can reduce barriers such as travel, financial costs, and time constraints that might otherwise hinder exposure to specialty training that is not offered or is underrepresented at students' home institutions. Increasing exposure and offering mentorship through this novel platform deserves further study to enhance diversity and inclusion in medicine.
Race and Gender in Ophthalmology: A National Analysis of Medical Students with Intention to Pursue the Field
Authors: Chhoa John , Jawiche John , Uppal Priya A. , Arunachalam Thilaka , Nguyen Mytien , Eggan Branden , Mason Hyacinth , Busingye Jacqueline 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose The field of ophthalmology must become more reflective of the increasingly diverse U.S. population. This study characterizes students intending to pursue ophthalmology and practice in an underserved area versus other surgical and nonsurgical fields.
Subjects Deidentified responses from 92,080 U.S. MD students who matriculated in the academic years beginning from 2007 to 2011 were obtained from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Graduation Questionnaires.
Methods Study participants were those who fully completed the AAMC Graduation Questionnaire. Chi-squared and multivariate logistical regressions were used for analyses.
Results Ophthalmology intending graduates (OIG; n = 1,177) compared with other surgical intending graduates (n = 7,955) were more likely to be female (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–1.66), Asian (1.71 [1.46–2.01]), and have conducted a research project with a faculty member (1.58 [1.26–1.98]). OIG compared with nonsurgery intending graduates (n = 35,865) were more likely to have completed a research project with a faculty member (4.78 [3.86–5.92]), to be Asian (1.4 [1.21–1.62]), and have received scholarships (1.18 [1.04–1.34]). OIG were less likely to be female (0.64 [0.57–0.73]) and Black/African American (0.5 [0.33–0.74]). Among OIG, Black/African American students and multiracial students were more likely than non-Hispanic (NH) White students to report intention to practice in underserved areas (IPUA; 14.29 [1.82–111.88] and 2.5 [1.06–5.92]), respectively. OIG with global health experience were more likely to report IPUA (1.64 [1.2–2.25]).
Conclusion Females and underrepresented in medicine (URM), respectively, were more likely to be nonsurgery intending graduates than OIG, which, if not addressed, may lead to a persistent underrepresentation of these groups in the field. In addition, URM students, including African American students, were more likely to report IPUA, which further emphasizes the importance of more URM students entering the field to address these growing gaps in medical care. Finally, we recommend increased mentorship to help address these disparities.
Preoperative Assessment and Optimization of Cardiopulmonary Disease in Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Savery Kelsey E. , Kleiman Amanda M. , Walters Susan M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMore than 50 million surgical procedures are carried out every year in the United States with the estimated risk of major adverse cardiac events perioperatively between 1.4 and 3.9%. Given that the majority of surgeries are elective, this allows ample opportunity to identify patients at higher risk of perioperative adverse events and optimize them for surgery. Preexisting cardiopulmonary disease is a major risk factor for adverse events perioperatively and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. It can predispose patients to perioperative myocardial ischemia and infarction, perioperative pulmonary complications, and perioperative stroke among other complications. This article details an approach to preoperative interview and examination, indications for preoperative testing, and strategies for optimization in patients with underlying cardiopulmonary disease. It also includes guidelines on optimal timing of elective surgery in certain clinical scenarios that can escalate perioperative risk. Through the use of thorough preoperative assessment, targeted preoperative testing, and multidisciplinary optimization of preexisting disease, perioperative risk can be decreased significantly and perioperative outcomes improved.
Social Determinants of Health and Impact in Perioperative Space
Authors: Devin Courtney L. , Shaffer Virginia O. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines the social determinants of health (SDOH) as “the conditions in the environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks,” which includes economic stability, access to quality health care, and physical environment. There is increasing evidence that SDOH have an impact in shaping a patient's access and recovery from surgery. This review evaluates the role surgeons play in reducing these disparities.
Informed Consent and Shared Decision Making in the Perioperative Environment
Authors: Krebs Elizabeth D. , Hoang Sook C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInformed consent and shared decision making (SDM) are crucial portions of preoperative patient management. Informed consent is a standard for surgery from both a legal and ethical standpoint, involving disclosure of potential risks of a procedure and ensuring patient understanding of these risks. SDM is a process in which a clinician and patients decide between two or more treatment plans, taking into account the patient's goals and values. SDM is a particularly important aspect of patient-centered care when two or more treatment options exist or in situations where an indicated treatment may not align with the patient's long-term goals. This article details aspects of and issues surrounding informed consent and SDM.
Light–matter quantum interface with continuous pump and probe
Authors: Roth Alexander , Hammerer Klemens , Tikhonov Kirill S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Spin-polarized atomic ensembles probed by light based on the Faraday interaction are a versatile platform for numerous applications in quantum metrology and quantum information processing. Here we consider an ensemble of Alkali atoms that are continuously optically pumped and probed. Due to the collective scattering of photons at large optical depth, the steady state of atoms does not correspond to an uncorrelated tensor-product state, as is usually assumed. We introduce a self-consistent method to approximate the steady state including the pair correlations, taking into account the multilevel structure of atoms. We find and characterize regimes of Raman lasing, akin to the model of a superradiant laser. We determine the spectrum of the collectively scattered photons, which also characterizes the coherence time of the collective spin excitations on top of the stationary correlated mean-field state, as relevant for applications in metrology and quantum information.
A vibration compensation optimization method for a mobile atomic gravimeter
Authors: Gong Wen-Bin , Li An , Ma Jin-Xiu , Tang Biao , Qin Fang-Jun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Information on the Earth’s gravity provides significant strategic support for economies, defense and security. An atomic gravimeter (AG) realizes highly precise measurements of gravitational acceleration by virtue of atomic interference. Vibration noise is a strong contributor to limitations on the measurement sensitivity and accuracy of an AG. Vibration compensation methods thus enhance the environmental adaptability of an AG since it can facilitate the measurement of gravity when an isolation platform is unavailable. A dynamic compensation filter is here devised for correction of the data output from a seismometer, which expands the bandwidth of the seismometer and lowers the distortion of vibration signals. Additionally, a transfer function estimation is introduced to better reflect the actual vibration of the Raman mirror. Based on a simplified transfer function model, this method can modify the interference fringes of the AG in real time. The experimental results show that the proposed optimization method can attenuate the cosine fitting phase uncertainty of interference fringes by up to 85.91%, and reach an uncertainty of about 76.37 μGal in a complicated vibration environment. The AG’s measurement accuracy is effectively improved by the proposed method. It is verified that the proposed method is effective and adaptable in a complicated noise environment.
A feasibility study towards traceable calibration of size and form of microspheres by stitching AFM images using ICP point-to-plane algorithm
Authors: Dai Gaoliang , Degenhardt Johannes , Hu Xiukun , Wolff Helmut , Tutsch Rainer , Manske Eberhard 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present a new method for traceable calibration of size and form error of microspheres, which was realised by stitching a series of atomic force microscopic (AFM) images measured at different orientations of microspheres using the metrological large range AFM of the PTB. The stitching algorithm is achieved using an iterative closest point point-to-plane algorithm. As the AFM tip geometry is one of the most significant error sources for the developed method, it was traceably calibrated to a line width standard (type IVPS100-PTB), whose feature geometry was calibrated with a traceable route to the lattice constant of crystal silicon. Measurement setup, scan strategy, and data evaluation processes have been detailed in the paper. Measurement results show high stability and robustness of the developed method. For instance, the standard deviation of four repeated measurements reaches 5 nm, indicating promising performance.
Multi-source alignment domain adaptation with similarity measurement for cross-domain bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Xu Yiyun , Chen Liang , Zhang Fusheng , Wang Shubei , Shi Juanjuan , Shen Changqing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Variations in bearing operating conditions may cause a shift in the feature distribution of fault signals, weakening the generalization ability of the fault diagnosis model. Traditional methods with domain adaptation (DA) extract invariant cross-domain fault features, but they are mostly applied to a single-source domain. In the case of multi-source cross-domain transfer, however, determining which source domain has a better transfer effect to the target domain is difficult. In this paper, we aim to combine the transferable knowledge contained in all available source domains to improve the transfer performance. Low-correlation features are often more prone to bias under variable working conditions. The contribution of high-correlation features to the model must be increased. Accordingly, a multi-source alignment DA network with similarity measurement (MADASM) is proposed for this issue. First, DA is performed for each combination of source and target domains, and similarity measurement is introduced to constrain the similarity between the input and the central features. Second, the learned features are inputted into the corresponding domain-specific classifiers, of which the classifier discrepancy loss is then introduced to minimize the difference between the outputs of each domain-specific classifier, resulting in consistent prediction results for classifiers on the target domain. Finally, the average of output probabilities from all the classifier is calculated as the diagnosis result. Experimental results show that MADASM can fully utilize fault category information in multiple source domains to extract fault features with high correlation even in challenging scenarios with unknown data labels and lacking of prior knowledge in target domain.
3D ground penetrating radar cavity identification algorithm for urban roads using transfer learning
Authors: Li Fanruo , Yang Feng , Qiao Xu , Xing Wentai , Zhou Cheng , Xing Honjia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
3D ground penetrating radar (GPR) is the main method for the detection of underground cavities in urban roads. The number of road cavity samples detected by 3D radar is small, whereas the intelligent identification model require a large number of learning samples for model training, resulting in inadequate model training. This causes the model to be less accurate in identifying cavities, resulting in many misses and misjudgments. Given the above problems, combined with the detection characteristics of the vertical, the horizontal, and the crossed slices obtained in one detection process of 3D GPR, a 3D GPR cavity intelligent recognition model based on model-based transfer learning is proposed. Firstly, a large amount of 3D GPR data of urban road models with cavities are obtained through forwarding simulation. And the intelligent recognition model was pre-trained on the cavity detection data on three types of slices respectively. Then, through model-based transfer learning, a small amount of real underground cavity data is used to speed up the convergence speed of model training and optimize the structural parameters. It breaks through the limitation of the insufficient number of cavity samples for 3D radar detection on the intelligent learning model training, reduces algorithm training costs, and improves identification accuracy.
Impact of Undertreatment of Depression on Suicide Risk Among Children and Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder: A Microsimulation Study
Authors: Zhang Chengchen , Zafari Zafar , Slejko Julia F , Castillo Wendy Camelo , Reeves Gloria M , dosReis Susan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Undertreatment of depression is common among children and adolescents, but evidence of the impact of undertreatment of depression on risk of suicide is limited due to the low base rate of suicide in the population and lack of sufficient data sources. We developed a microsimulation model that uses evidence from multiple sources to study the impact of different durations of antidepressant treatment on suicide risk in a synthesized sample that is nationally representative of children and adolescents with major depressive disorder. Compared with receiving no treatment, suicide rate and risk of suicide attempt both decreased with increasing duration of antidepressant treatment (for 12 weeks, suicide rate ratios = 0.78 (95% credible interval (CrI): 0.58, 1.15), 36 weeks, 0.65 (95% CrI: 0.44, 0.90), and 52 weeks, 0.63 (95% CrI: 0.45, 0.72); for suicide attempt: 12 weeks, suicide risk ratios = 0.68 (95% CrI: 0.62, 0.69), 36 weeks, 0.56 (95% CrI: 0.52, 0.57), and 52 weeks, 0.55 (95% CrI: 0.51, 0.56). The suicide rate and risk of suicide attempt were lower in children than in adolescents. Males had a lower risk of suicide attempt but higher suicide rate than females. The findings from the microsimulation model show that completion of 12–36 weeks of antidepressant treatment may reduce suicide attempt and suicide among children and adolescents with major depressive disorder.
Potent antibiotic design via guided search from antibacterial activity evaluations
Authors: Chen Lu , Yu Liang , Gao Lin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Motivation
The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria makes the discovery of new antibiotics an urgent issue, but finding new molecules with the desired antibacterial activity is an extremely difficult task. To address this challenge, we established a framework, MDAGS (Molecular Design via Attribute-Guided Search), to optimize and generate potent antibiotic molecules.

Results
By designing the antibacterial activity latent space and guiding the optimization of functional compounds based on this space, the model MDAGS can generate novel compounds with desirable antibacterial activity without the need for extensive expensive and time-consuming evaluations. Compared with existing antibiotics, candidate antibacterial compounds generated by MDAGS always possessed significantly better antibacterial activity and ensured high similarity. Furthermore, although without explicit constraints on similarity to known antibiotics, these candidate antibacterial compounds all exhibited the highest structural similarity to antibiotics of expected function in the DrugBank database query. Overall, our approach provides a viable solution to the problem of bacterial drug resistance.

Availability and implementation
Code of the model and datasets can be downloaded from GitHub (https://github.com/LiangYu-Xidian/MDAGS).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Poor Clares, rich in music: unique polyphonic Benedicamus Domino settings from southern Polish convents in the late 13th and early 14th centuries
Authors: Budzińska-Bennett Agnieszka 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Under the reign of Duke Bolesław V, Poland lived through a period of cultural prosperity with several newly founded monastic centres and productive scriptoria. Particularly important were two convents of the Order of St Clare, founded by the duke’s sister, the blessed Salomea, and his wife, St Kinga. Both cloisters were led in the spirit of royal foundations and were important repositories of medieval chant and polyphony. While Stary Sącz (founded 1280) is famous for preserving several polyphonic unica, such as the four-part conductus Omnia bene­ficia and fragments of Notre Dame motets, it also contains contrary-motion two-voice Benedicamus settings, added beneath monophonic Benedicamus melodies, which seem to be written records of the kinds of oral polyphonic practices common in female cloisters. Unique two- and three-part troped Benedicamus settings are also preserved in the archive in Kraków, where they too were a late addition to an earlier manuscript, revealing a particular interest in the provision of notated polyphony for the Benedicamus. This article investigates these polyphonic Benedicamus settings in their broader liturgical context. It identifies several new plainchant concordances and reflects on the status of music and polyphony in the Clarist Order in southern Poland.