bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why are there higher rates of children looked after in Wales?
Authors: Hodges Helen Ruth , Scourfield Jonathan 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider some possible reasons for the relatively high rate in Wales of children looked after by local authorities.Design/methodology/approachSelected potential explanations for Wales having higher rates were tested against aggregate data from published 2021 Government statistics. Wales was compared with England and English regions for area deprivation, local authority spending, placements at home and kinship foster care. Descriptive statistics were produced, and linear regression was used where appropriate.FindingsWales has higher overall children looked-after rates and a bigger recent increase in these than any English region. Deprivation in Wales was higher than in most English regions. However, a smaller percentage of Welsh variation in local authority looked-after rates was explained by deprivation than was the case for England. Spending on preventative services has increased in recent years in Wales whilst decreasing in England, and there was not a clear relationship between spending on preventative services and the looked-after rate. Wales had a higher rate of care orders placed at home and more children per head of population in kinship foster care than any English region. Some of the explanations that have been suggested for Wales’s particularly high looked-after rates seem to be supported by the evidence from aggregate data and others do not. Practice variation is likely to also be an important part of the picture.Originality/valueThis is an original comparison of Wales, England and English regions using aggregate data. More fine-grained analysis is needed using individual-level data, multivariate analysis and qualitative methods.
Does employee relations climate mediate the effect of Islamic work ethics on organizational performance? Evidence from Qatar
Authors: Badar Kamal , Aboramadan Mohammed , Alhabil Wasim , Dahleez Khalid Abed , Farao Caterina 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Building on the resource-based view (RBV) and the theory of other orientation, this study aims to examine the association between Islamic work ethics (IWEs) and organizational performance highlighting the role of employee relations climate as an underlying mechanism.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from 239 employees working in diverse sectors in the state of Qatar. Structural equation modeling of partial least squares was used to analyze the data of the study.

Findings
The results suggest that IWEs positively impact organizational performance and employee relations climate. Furthermore, employee relations climate demonstrated to play a mediating role in the IWEs-organizational performance link.

Practical implications
The study can be used by administrators pertaining to the importance of IWE and employee relations climate to cultivate higher organizational outcomes such as organizational performance.

Originality/value
This research is distinctive as it examines the connection between IWEs and organizational performance in Qatar, a country where the influence of Islamic values and beliefs on work ethics is profound. In addition, the research sheds light on a topic that has received little attention in the literature: the significance of the workplace climate in determining how IWEs affect organizational performance. Finally, the research integrates two important theoretical frameworks, the RBV and the theory of other orientation, to create a comprehensive model that explains the complex relationship between IWEs, employee relations climate and organizational performance.
The effect of internal knowledge transfer on the relationship between personality traits and employee service performance: a multilevel model
Authors: Yang Mingjun , Luu Tuan Trong , Wang Dan 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Internal knowledge transfer is crucial for firms to improve their employees’ abilities and improve their work performance. However, there is still a gap in the knowledge management field regarding whether internal knowledge transfer can leverage employee personality traits and service performance in service-oriented organizations. To address this gap, this study aims to validate a multilevel model of the mediating (i.e. internal knowledge transfer as a mediator) and moderating (i.e. task interdependence as a moderator) mechanisms underlying personality traits and employee service performance.

Design/methodology/approach
Multilevel structural equation modeling was applied for model validation using an original data set from 45 team leaders and 333 employees working in Chinese hotels.

Findings
Internal knowledge transfer mediated the link between extraversion and employee service performance and the link between openness to experience and employee service performance. Task interdependence played a moderating role that strengthened both the impacts of extraversion and openness to experience on internal knowledge transfer.

Originality/value
Through the use of an original data set, this study advances the knowledge management discipline by investigating the mediating impact of internal knowledge transfer between personality traits and employee service performance and revealing the moderating impact of task interdependence that underlies the links between personality traits and internal knowledge transfer.
A framework of genealogy knowledge reasoning and visualization based on a knowledge graph
Authors: Wang Ruan , Deng Jun , Guan Xinhui , He Yuming 
Published: June 2023

PurposeWith the development of data mining technology, diverse and broader domain knowledge can be extracted automatically. However, the research on applying knowledge mapping and data visualization techniques to genealogical data is limited. This paper aims to fill this research gap by providing a systematic framework and process guidance for practitioners seeking to uncover hidden knowledge from genealogy.Design/methodology/approachBased on a literature review of genealogy's current knowledge reasoning research, the authors constructed an integrated framework for knowledge inference and visualization application using a knowledge graph. Additionally, the authors applied this framework in a case study using “Manchu Clan Genealogy” as the data source.FindingsThe case study shows that the proposed framework can effectively decompose and reconstruct genealogy. It demonstrates the reasoning, discovery, and web visualization application process of implicit information in genealogy. It enhances the effective utilization of Manchu genealogy resources by highlighting the intricate relationships among people, places, and time entities.Originality/valueThis study proposed a framework for genealogy knowledge reasoning and visual analysis utilizing a knowledge graph, including five dimensions: the target layer, the resource layer, the data layer, the inference layer, and the application layer. It helps to gather the scattered genealogy information and establish a data network with semantic correlations while establishing reasoning rules to enable inference discovery and visualization of hidden relationships.
The effects of vitamin D on sleep quality and pregnancy symptoms in pregnant women: a randomized, tripled-blinded and placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Mirzaei-Azandaryani Zahra , Javadzadeh Yousef , Shaseb Elnaz , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: June 2023

PurposeBecause of the importance of having enough sleep in life and health, this study aims to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on sleep quality and pregnancy symptoms (primary outcomes) and side effects (secondary outcome).Design/methodology/approachIn this triple-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, 88 pregnant women with gestational age of 8–10 weeks and serum vitamin D concentration less than 30 ng/ml were allocated into vitamin D (n= 44) and control (n= 44) groups by blocked randomization method. The vitamin D group received a 4,000 IU vitamin D pill, and the control group received a placebo pill daily for 18 weeks. Independentt-, Mann–Whitney U and ANCOVA tests were used to analyze the data.FindingsThe post-intervention mean (SD: standard deviation) of total sleep quality score in the vitamin D and placebo group were 1.94 (2.1) and 4.62 (1.71), respectively. According to the Mann–Whitney U test, this difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p< 0.001). The mean (SD) of pregnancy symptoms in the vitamin D and placebo groups was 23.95 (16.07) and 26.62 (13.84), respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups based on ANCOVA test (p= 0.56). Considerable side effects were not observed in any groups.Originality/valueThis study was conducted due to the contradictory results of the effect of vitamin D on sleep quality and the high prevalence of sleep disorders and pregnancy symptoms.
Trends, impacts and responses to cybercrime in the Zimbabwean retail sector
Authors: Mugari Ishmael , Kunambura Maxwell , Obioha Emeka E. , Gopo Norah R. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore the nature and impacts of cybercrime in the Zimbabwean retail sector and evaluate the effectiveness of the current measures to deal with cybercrime.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted a mixed research design on a sample of 38 retail players in a small mining town, Bindura, who were selected using stratified random and purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through a mainly closed-ended questionnaire and in-depth interview guide. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse quantitative data, whereas summative content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data.

Findings
Virus dissemination, hacking and card fraud were identified as the major forms of cybercrime prevalent in the retail sector. Additional security costs, loss of sensitive data and direct financial losses were found to be the major impacts posed by cybercrime on retail sector. It was also established that the current internal measures and policing efforts to fight cybercrime in the retail sector were ineffective.

Originality/value
This study provides context-specific information on the scourge of cybercrime in a developing third world country that has of late been characterised by a myriad of other socioeconomic challenges. Although similar studies have been conducted in other parts of the globe, there has been a dearth of literature on retail sector cybercrime in Zimbabwe. This study also interrogates the Zimbabwean retail sector’s preparedness in dealing with this contemporary threat.
Supply chain digitalization and performance improvement: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Zhou Haidi , Wang Qiang , Li Lixu , Teo Thompson S.H. , Yang Shuili 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Leveraging the benefits of supply chain digitalization is a big challenge for many firms. To address this issue, this study aims to use information processing theory to explore the mechanisms between supply chain digitalization and supply chain performance.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on survey data from 223 Chinese companies, the authors tested the moderated mediation model using the Process program in SPSS.

Findings
The empirical results reveal that supply chain traceability and supply chain agility partially mediate the supply chain digitalization–supply chain performance relationship. More interestingly, the above significant mediation effects show differences across industries. In particular, manufacturing firms rely more on supply chain traceability, whereas supply chain agility contributes more to service firms. Lastly, supply chain dynamism is a significant moderator that enhances the mediation effect of supply chain traceability in the supply chain digitalization–supply chain performance relationship.

Originality/value
This study offers new insights into the growing literature on supply chain digitalization by proposing a new moderated mediation model that demonstrates the relative importance of different mediators. The findings also help managers boost their supply chain performance in the digital era.
Exploring a field-tested, substantive exchange of ideas: a discussion
Authors: Callahan Cory , Zylfiu Bahtije Gerbeshi 
Published: June 2023

PurposeHere the authors thoroughly explore a field-tested exchange of ideas, a discussion. The authors share a robust discussion script that models a wise-practice pedagogical approach for promoting civic competence [problem-based historical inquiry (PBHI)] and then describe precisely how the discussion is an exemplar of that approach.Design/methodology/approachScores of teachers and teacher educators have participated in this discussion in real-world classroom settings. This was first experienced during a professional development seminar at the University of Prishtina in Kosovo when the first author, working with Kosovar colleagues including the second author, led this seemingly impromptu discussion of major values in conflict over the issue of whether Kosovo's government should make tobacco use illegal. This has since been implemented in several undergraduate and graduate education courses in the United States of America.FindingsThe discussion script contains two types of text: (1) traditional text – default formatting – which constitutes the semi-structured wording a discussion leader would say aloud and (2) supplementary text – italicized formatting – that provides educative suggestions for professional development.Originality/valueFinally, the authors share suggestions for revising this discussion for future iterations and ways teachers and teacher educators can further develop the skills for facilitating discussions.
Assessing the exposure of UK habitats to 20th‐ and 21st‐century climate change, and its representation in ecological monitoring schemes
Authors: Wilson Oliver J. , Pescott Oliver L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Climate change is a significant driver of contemporary biodiversity change. Ecological monitoring schemes can be crucial in highlighting its consequences, but connecting and interpreting observed climatic and ecological changes demands an understanding of monitored locations' exposure to climate change. Generalising from trends in monitored sites to habitats also requires an assessment of how closely sampled locations' climate change trajectories mirror those of wider ecosystems. Such assessments are rare but vital for drawing robust ecological conclusions.

Focusing on the UK, we generated a metric of climate change exposure by quantifying the change in observed historical (1901–2019) and predicted future (2021–2080, pessimistic emissions scenario) conditions. We then assessed habitat‐specific climate change exposure by overlaying the resulting data with maps of contemporary (2019) land cover. Finally, we compared patterns of climate change exposure in locations sampled by ecological monitoring schemes to random samples from wider habitats.

The UK's climate changed significantly between the early 20th century and the last decade, and is predicted to undergo even greater changes (including the development of Iberian/Mediterranean climate types in places) into the 21st century. Climate change exposure is unevenly distributed: regionally, it falls more in southern, central and eastern England; locally, it is greater at higher‐elevation locations than nearby areas at lower elevations.

Areas with contemporary arable and horticulture, urban, calcareous grassland and suburban land cover are predicted to experience the greatest overall climatic change, though other habitats experienced relatively greater change than these in the first half of the 20th century.

The extent to which locations sampled by ecological monitoring schemes represent broader habitat‐level gradients of climate change exposure varies. Monitored sites' coverage of wider trends is heterogeneous across habitats, time periods and schemes.

Policy implications. UK ecological monitoring schemes can effectively, though variably, capture the effects of climate change on habitats. To improve their performance, climate change could be explicitly included in the design of such programmes. Additionally, our findings on how effectively different datasets represent wider patterns of climate change are crucial for informing syntheses of ecological change connected to shifting atmospheric conditions.
Functional diversity and identity influence the self‐thinning process in young forest communities
Authors: Urgoiti Jon , Messier Christian , Keeton William S. , Belluau Michaël , Paquette Alain 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is increasing evidence that the strength of tree diversity effects on productivity varies considerably over the course of forest development. Evidence points to canopy closure and the subsequent self‐thinning as key phases of forest development during which positive diversity effects emerge. A number of studies have shown that self‐thinning can differ among species, and also in mixtures compared with monocultures. Yet, how diversity influences the process of canopy closure and self‐thinning remains poorly understood.In this study, using 11 years of growth and mortality records from a large diversity experiment, we fitted self‐thinning trajectories for 37 tree communities with equal initial densities and explored whether and how functional diversity and identity may affect these trajectories. We then examined whether the diversity effects on self‐thinning were influenced by differences in growth or in mortality.We found that tree communities' functional diversity and identity strongly influence the self‐thinning process. First, we observed that tree communities dominated by early successional species, and slow‐growing evergreens begin self‐thinning at a larger mean tree size. Second, we found that mixing species with contrasting resource‐use strategies, and the dominance of deciduous, fast‐growing species, reduce tree mortality rate in relation to mean tree size during self‐thinning (i.e. shallower self‐thinning slope). The lower rates of self‐thinning in these functionally diverse communities seem to be explained by both an increase in tree growth and a reduction in density‐related mortality simultaneously over time.Synthesis. Overall, this study highlights that increasing tree diversity has the potential to enhance forest productivity in the long term through a better performance during the self‐thinning process when competition for resources is most intense.
Valproic acid reduces muscle susceptibility to contraction‐induced functional loss but increases weakness in two murine models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Moutachi Dylan , Lemaitre Mégane , Delacroix Clément , Agbulut Onnik , Furling Denis , Ferry Arnaud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSkeletal muscles in animal models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are more susceptible to contraction‐induced functional loss, which is not related to fatigue. Valproic acid (VPA) reportedly improves serological and histological markers of damage in dystrophin‐deficient murine muscle. Here, we tested whether VPA would reduce the susceptibility to contraction‐induced functional loss in two murine DMD models. Adult female mdx (mild) and D2‐mdx (severe) DMD murine models were administered VPA (240 mg/kg) or saline for 7 days. Some VPA‐treated mdx mice also performed voluntary running in a wheel, which is known to reduce the susceptibility to contraction‐induced functional loss; that is, isometric force drop following eccentric contractions. In situ muscle function was assessed before, during and after eccentric contractions. Muscle utrophin and desmin expression were also evaluated using immunoblotting. Interestingly, VPA reduced the isometric force drop following eccentric contractions in both murine models, without change in the relative eccentric maximal force and in the expression of utrophin and desmin. VPA for 7 days combined with voluntary running had no additive effect compared to VPA alone. Furthermore, VPA reduced the absolute isometric maximal force before eccentric contractions in both murine models. The results of our study indicated that VPA in both murine DMD models reduced the susceptibility to contraction‐induced functional loss but increased muscle weakness.
Top‐heavy trophic structure within benthic viral dark matter
Authors: Cissell Ethan C. , McCoy Sophie J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA better understanding of system‐specific viral ecology in diverse environments is needed to predict patterns of virus–host trophic structure in the Anthropocene. This study characterised viral‐host trophic structure within coral reef benthic cyanobacterial mats—a globally proliferating cause and consequence of coral reef degradation. We employed deep longitudinal multi‐omic sequencing to characterise the viral assemblage (ssDNA, dsDNA, and dsRNA viruses) and profile lineage‐specific host–virus interactions within benthic cyanobacterial mats sampled from Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands. We recovered 11,012 unique viral populations spanning at least 10 viral families across the orders Caudovirales, Petitvirales, and Mindivirales. Gene‐sharing network analyses provided evidence for extensive genomic novelty of mat viruses from reference and environmental viral sequences. Analysis of coverage ratios of viral sequences and computationally predicted hosts spanning 15 phyla and 21 classes revealed virus–host abundance (from DNA) and activity (from RNA) ratios consistently exceeding 1:1, suggesting a top‐heavy intra‐mat trophic structure with respect to virus–host interactions. Overall, our article contributes a curated database of viral sequences found in Caribbean coral reef benthic cyanobacterial mats (vMAT database) and provides multiple lines of field‐based evidence demonstrating that viruses are active members of mat communities, with broader implications for mat functional ecology and demography.
Exploring environmental intra‐species diversity through non‐redundant pangenome assemblies
Authors: Puente‐Sánchez Fernando , Hoetzinger Matthias , Buck Moritz , Bertilsson Stefan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAt the genome level, microorganisms are highly adaptable both in terms of allele and gene composition. Such heritable traits emerge in response to different environmental niches and can have a profound influence on microbial community dynamics. As a consequence, any individual genome or population will contain merely a fraction of the total genetic diversity of any operationally defined “species”, whose ecological potential can thus be only fully understood by studying all of their genomes and the genes therein. This concept, known as the pangenome, is valuable for studying microbial ecology and evolution, as it partitions genomes into core (present in all the genomes from a species, and responsible for housekeeping and species‐level niche adaptation among others) and accessory regions (present only in some, and responsible for intra‐species differentiation). Here we present SuperPang, an algorithm producing pangenome assemblies from a set of input genomes of varying quality, including metagenome‐assembled genomes (MAGs). SuperPang runs in linear time and its results are complete, non‐redundant, preserve gene ordering and contain both coding and non‐coding regions. Our approach provides a modular view of the pangenome, identifying operons and genomic islands, and allowing to track their prevalence in different populations. We illustrate this by analysing intra‐species diversity in Polynucleobacter, a bacterial genus ubiquitous in freshwater ecosystems, characterized by their streamlined genomes and their ecological versatility. We show how SuperPang facilitates the simultaneous analysis of allelic and gene content variation under different environmental pressures, allowing us to study the drivers of microbial diversification at unprecedented resolution.