bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of the SIRT1-BMAL1 pathway in regulating oxidative stress in the early development of ischaemic stroke
Authors: 诗 静 , 里 伟荣 , 叮 小波 , 周 冯 , 浩 陈熙 , 他 苗族人 , 王 电风扇 , 里 信义 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Oxidative stress is the primary cause of ischaemic stroke and is closely related to circadian rhythm. However, the mechanism by which circadian rhythm regulates oxidative stress in ischaemic stroke remains elusive. The Silent Information Regulator 1 (SIRT1) controls circadian rhythm by activating the transcription of the circadian clock core protein Basic Helix-Loop-Helix ARNT Like 1 (BMAL1) through deacetylation. Studies have shown that the SIRT1-BMAL1 pathway can regulate oxidative stress. To investigate its correlation with oxidative stress, we examined the expression levels and influencing factors of SIRT1-BMAL1 at different times in ischaemic stroke patients and analyzed their clinical indexes, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factor indicators. The expression levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory factor indicators, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), SIRT1, and BMAL1, were detected in ischaemic stroke patients within 4.5 hours of onset and in non-stroke patients. Patients were divided into four subgroups based on onset time: subgroup 1 (0:00–05:59); subgroup 2 (06:00–11:59); subgroup 3 (12:00–17: 59); and subgroup 4 (18:00–23:59). Our results showed higher MDA, IL-6, and TNF-αlevels, and lower SOD, SIRT1, and BMAL1 levels in ischaemic stroke patients compared to control patients (P < 0.05). Among the four subgroups, the content of MDA, IL-6, and TNF-αwas highest in patients with ischaemic stroke onset from subgroup 2 (06:00–11:59), while the expression levels of SOD, BMAL1, and SIRT1 were lowest in patients with ischaemic stroke in subgroup 2. Additionally, myeloperoxidase (MPO) reached the highest value showing the same trends consistent with MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α and opposite trends consistent with SOD, BMAL1, and SIRT1. However, triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), immediate blood glucose, immediate diastolic blood pressure, immediate systolic blood pressure, and homocysteine (HCY) did not show any statistically significant circadian rhythm changes (P > 0.05). Our findings suggest that the SIRT1-BMAL1 pathway may be involved in early oxidative stress in ischaemic stroke, which may be related to MPO.
Association between serum albumin and psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score in cirrhosis without overt hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Zhou Su , Li Yesheng , Li Li , Tu Chuantao , Shi Yuxin , Fu Qingchun , Chen Tianyou , Yuan Min 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Hepatic encephalopathy is the primary cause of mortality in cases of liver cirrhosis. The Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES) is widely acknowledged as a gold standard for diagnosis of covert hepatic encephalopathy. However, PHES is burdensome due to its strict indications and is not readily embraced by clinicians. Consequently, there is an imperative to identify simpler clinical indicators for PHES.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study utilized data from a single center. Multiple linear regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were employed to investigate the relationship between albumin levels and PHES. Stratified analyses based on albumin levels were conducted to assess the trend of this association. Additionally, subgroup analyses of covariates were performed.
Results: A total of 33 liver cirrhosis participants without overt hepatic encephalopathy were included in this study. After adjusting for covariates, a positive association was observed between albumin levels and PHES (β = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.08-0.67, P=0.02). This linear relationship was consistent with the findings obtained from the RCS model (P for non-linearity =0.57). The trend analysis revealed an exponential increase in the strength of the association across different albumin groups (β = 2.61, 95%CI: 0.63-4.59, P = 0.02). Subgroup analyses confirmed this positive association and indicated no interactions between albumin and other covariates (all P for interaction > 0.1).
Conclusions: Serum albumin, as one of the commonly used clinical indices for liver cirrhosis patients, shows potential as a simple predictor for PHES.
Leveraging Natural Language Processing for Efficient Information Extraction from Breast Cancer Pathology Reports: Single-Institution Study
Authors: Park Phillip , Choi Yeonho , Han Na Young , Chae Heejung , Yoo Chong Woo , Choi Kui Son , Kim Hyun-Jin , Hwang Juyeon 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Pathology reports provide important information for accurate diagnosis of cancer and optimal treatment decision making. In particular, breast cancer has known to be the most common cancer in women worldwide.
Objective
For the data extraction of breast cancer pathology reports in a single institute, we assessed the accuracy of methods between regular expression and natural language processing (NLP).
Methods
A total of 1,215 breast cancer pathology reports were annotated for NLP model development. As NLP models, we considered three BERT models with specific vocabularies including BERT-basic, BioBERT, and ClinicalBERT. K-fold cross-validation was used to verify the performance of the BERT model. The results between the regular expression and the BERT model were compared using the fuzzywuzzy algorithm.
Results
Among three BERT models, BioBERT was the most accurate parsing model (average performance = 0.99901) for breast cancer pathology when set to k = 5. BioBERT also had the lowest error rate for all items in the breast cancer pathology report compared to other BERT models (accuracy for all variables ≥ 0.9). Therefore, we finally selected BioBERT as the NLP model. When comparing the results of BioBERT and regular expressions using fuzzywuzzy algorithm, we identified that the BioBERT was more accurate than regular expression method, especially for some items such as intraductal_comp, lymph node, and lymphovascular invasion.
Conclusions
Our results showed that the NLP model, BioBERT, had higher accuracy than regular expression, suggesting the importance of BioBERT in the processing of breast cancer pathology reports.
A 1 Tbps DWDM Microring Modulator Silicon Chip Empowered by Two-Segment Z-Shape Junctions
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Peng Yiwei , Sorin Wayne , Cheung Stanley , Huang Zhihong , Liang Di , Fiorentino Marco , Beausoleil Ray 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To meet the escalating data transmission demands of interconnects, a dense wavelength division multiplexing microring modulator array has been demonstrated on a silicon chip with a full data rate of 1 Tb/s. By harnessing the two individual p-n junctions with an optimized Z-shape doping profile, the silicon depletion-mode modulator simultaneously achieves a high bandwidth of ~ 48.6 GHz and a high modulation efficiency with Vπ·L of ~ 0.6 V·cm, thereby enabling open eye diagrams at 200 Gb/s PAM4 with a swing voltage of 1.6 V and energy consumption of 6.3 fJ/bit. This state-of-the-art demonstration shows that all-silicon modulators can practically enable future 200 Gb/s/lane optical interconnects.
Effect of (−)-Epicatechinin in D-galactosamine induced Hepatitis in old age rats: A study with reference to antioxidant enzymes and gene markers
Authors: Ramudu Shanmugam Kondeti , Shanmugam Bhasha , Subbaiah Ganjikunta Venkata , Korivi Mallikarjuna , Reddy Kesireddy Sathyavelu , Ravi Sahukari , Ramakrishana Chilakala 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The purpose of the current investigation was to determine hepatoprotective effect of bioactive compound (-)-epicatechin in hepatitis old age rats. Animals are pre-treated with (-)-epicatechin at a dose of 50 mg/kg/bw for 21 days, and D-galactosamine was used to induce hepatitis on the last two days of the treatment period. For assessment of (-)-epicatechin impact on hepatitis, we analyzed hepatic damage markers AST, ALT, AKP, and γGGT in blood plasma, as well as antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, GPx, GR, GSH, CAT, GST, and MDA in the liver tissue. Further, to strengthen (-)-epicatechin effect, we also done molecular expression studies of TNF-α, IL-6 and TGF-βwith RT-PCR and also examined histological alterations in liver tissues. Our results revealed that SOD, GPx, GR, CAT, activities and GSH content are decrement in hepatitis animals. Besides, GST, ALT, AST, AKP, γGGT activities and MDA are increment in hepatitis subjects. However with (-)-epicatechin treatment all these antioxidant enzymes and liver enzymes are normalized. Interestingly, gene expression markers are downregulated with bioactive compound treated hepatic rats whereas upregulation of them have been observed in the diseased rats. Deterioration of sinusoids, central vein, and hepatocytes are observed in hepatitis ratsx. But with (-)-epicatechin supplementation in hepatitis rats. we examined the regeneration of central vein, sinusoids and hepatocytes in liver tissue of hepatitis animals. From our study,we conclude that (−)-epicatechin supplementation in old hepatitis rats, all the antioxidant enzymes, liver markers, gene expression markers and histopathologcial studies proved that has beneficial effects in hepatitis subjects.
The subepithelial band-like distribution pattern of CD4 may determine oral lichen planus in the absence of typical microscopic features
Authors: Gu Yang , Kervin Ashley , Colp Patricia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common oral mucosal disease. Oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs) are listed as differential diagnoses of OLP considering their similar clinical and pathological features. According to the updated OLP diagnostic criteria in 2016, a definitive diagnosis of OLP applies only if clinical and histopathological features both completely fit the required typical appearance. The term “histopathologically compatible with OLP” is suggested for a case where microscopic features do not show the typical appearance. This case could be an undetermined OLP or one type of OLLs. Our study aims to identify OLP from mimics by biomarkers. It is crucial for precise management because the treatment plans of OLP and OLLs are different.
We only selected the defined typical OLP cases and typical OLL cases with triggers for study. Triggers include topical offending agents (OLL-agent), dental restorations (OLL-dental), and systemic offending drugs (OLL-drug). We investigated the expression intensity and distribution pattern of CD4, CD8, and CGRP in four groups by immunohistochemistry assay. The expression intensity of immune-positive cells was observed in the intraepithelial, subepithelial, and submucosal regions respectively, while only the subepithelial region recorded a distribution pattern. A total of 79 cases of OLP (24), OLL-agent (15), OLL-dental (21), and OLL-drug (19) were collected from the archive of an Oral Biopsy Service (2018-2021). The Chi-square with Yates’ correction is used for the comparison analysis. The diagnostic accuracy is evaluated by MedCalc software, which is reported according to the STARD 2015 checklist.
The band-like distribution patterns of CD4 (100%), CD8 (54.17%), and CGRP (87.5%) in the subepithelial region observed in the OLP group significantly differ from OLL groups (each comparison pair, p = 0.0001). The sensitivity of CD4 (100%), specificity of CD8 (96.36%), negative predictive value of CD4 (100%), and accuracy of CD8 (95.94%) in the OLP group represented the highest rates in the diagnostic test evaluation. In conclusion, the band-like distribution pattern of CD4 in the subepithelial region may determine OLP when the biopsy specimen does not show typical microscopic features, whereas CD8 could be the second option.
Time-resolved chemically-selective spectroscopic investigation of the α-Fe2O3/Al redox reaction
Authors: Mincigrucci Riccardo , Paltanin Ettore , Pelli-Cresi Jacopo , Principi Emiliano , De Angelis Dario , Foglia Laura , Garzella David , Kurdi Gabor , Manfredda Michele , Simoncig Alberto , Masciovecchio Claudio , Naumenko Denys , Bencivenga Filippo , Lee Wonseok , Cushing Scott 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this work we investigate the hematite (α-Al/Fe2O3) / aluminium (Al) thermite redox reaction at the femtosecond timescale by using ultrafast extreme ultraviolet (EUV) transient absorption spectroscopy. After an ultrafast ignition of the reaction by an optical pulse the electronic dynamics was monitored by EUV pulses as a chemically selective probe, tuned to the Fe M2,3 and to the Al L2,3 absorption edges. Our observations reveal a blue shift in the zero-absorbance point, emerging within the first few hundred femtoseconds. This shift is attributed to the formation of a small polaron in hematite, indicating a two-photon absorption mechanism as the excitation process. Additionally, the differences observed in the transient absorption traces for hematite deposited on aluminium versus parylene suggest the occurrence of an electron transfer between aluminium and hematite during the first phases of the redox.
Comparing Clinical Efficacy of Different Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Strains in Patients with T1 High Grade Bladder Cancer
Authors: Yu Ssu-Hung , Wang Ci-Yu , Wang Shian-Shiang , Li Jian-Ri , Hung Sheng-Chun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
The aim of our study is to clarify the clinical efficacy between two different Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strains, TICE strain (Oncotice) and Connaught strain (ImmuCyst) as first line intravesical instillation therapy in patients with T1 high grade bladder urothelial cell carcinoma.
Methods:
Between 2008 to 2022, patients with new diagnosed T1 high-grade bladder cancer received transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and subsequent intravesical instillation therapy in Taichung Veterans General Hospital were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Patients were categorized into Connaught group and TICE group, based on the specific BCG strain administered for treatment. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models analyzed BCG strain effects on recurrence, progression, and side effects.
Results:
Among 147 patients, 53 patients received Connaught strain and 94 patients received TICE strain. The median follow-up time was 89 months in the Connaught group and was 28 in the TICE group. The completion rate of BCG induction instillation was 92.45% in the Connaught group and 91.49% in the TICE group (p=1.00). The three-year recurrence-free survival rate was 71.7% in the Connaught group and 63.83% in the TICE group (p=0.33), while the three-year progression-free survival rate was 96.23% in the Connaught group and 89.36% in the TICE group (p=0.21). On Cox regression test, carcinoma in situ and ≥ 8 lesions were significant predictors for recurrence. Both of the two regimens exhibited no significant difference in terms of recurrence and progression. As for side effects, the frequency of cystitis (p = 0.011), UTI (p = 0.021), and hematuria (p = 0.042) were significant lower in the TICE group. The complication rates according to the Cleveland Clinic grading system showed no significant difference among the two groups (p=0.13).
Conclusions:
In our study of T1 high-grade bladder urothelial cell carcinoma, both the Connaught strain and TICE strain BCG demonstrated comparable completion rates, 3-year recurrence-free survival rates, and 3-year progression-free survival rates. Adverse events were more frequent in the Connaught group, though the majority were of low grade. Given the global shortage of BCG, additional comparisons of the different strains are warranted to enable clinicians to validate their efficacy.
Profile of Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria Among Tuberculosis Presumptive People
Authors: DONKENG-DONFACK Valerie Flore , FOKOU Thierry Anicet ZEMO , WADJE Lazare Eric NOCHE , TCHUEDJI Yves Le Grand NAPA , DJEUGOUE Yvonne Josiane , NGUIMFACK Sorelle , SHILE Brenda , ASSOLO Yannick Patrick , ONGBOULAL Suzanne Magloire , SIMO Yannick Willy KAMDEM , AWUNGAFAC Stanley NKEMNJI , EYANGOH Sara 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Cameroon is a tuberculosis (TB) burden country with a 12% positivity among TB presumptive cases. Of the presumptive cases with a negative TB test, some are infected with Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM). However, the diagnosis of NTM infections remains difficult due to the lack of tools in many laboratories, particularly in resource limited laboratories and remote setting. The present study was undertaken to determine NTM profile and associated comorbidities among TB presumptive people.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from December 2018 to December 2019 in the Tuberculosis-National Reference Laboratory (TB-NRL). We included in this study data of 5267 TB presumptive people previously diagnosed using three consecutive samples and having culture and SD Bioline results with or without Microscopy and reverse hybridization-based Line Probe Assay(LPA) results. The data on co-morbidities or history of people infected with NTM were then collected.
Results: We collected data of 5267 presumptive TB people. Among them, 3436 (65.23%), have a positive culture with 3200 (60.75%) isolates belong to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MBTC) and 236 (4.48%) to NTM. Our results showed that, 123 (52.11 %) NTM were isolated from people with negative microscopy and 113 (47.88%) from people with positive microscopy. Among the 236 NTM, 108 (45.8%) isolates were identified using LPA. M. fortuitum was the most represented species (32.41%) followed by M. intracellulare (19.44%). Sputum had the highest proportion of NTM (56%), followed by bronchial aspirations (31%). The extra-pulmonary samples presented lower proportions of isolates compared to pulmonary samples. Some patients affected with NTM presented comorbidities as HIV infection, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Type 2 diabete, Chronic bronchitis and Alveolar pneumonia.
Conclusions: Our study showed the presence of NTM strains among presumptive TB people with a predominance of M. fortuitum and M. intracellulare. It is important to implement a surveillance system of NTM in TB burden country and also to develop a point-of-care test for NTM identification in limited-resource settings.
Co-Constructive Patient Simulation at International Conferences: Strengthening Interactions and Deepening Reflection
Authors: Hoof Marie-José van , Piot Marie-Aude , Iozzia Giulia , Mirsujan Khatun , Hanson Mark D. , Martin Andrés S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Clinical training in psychiatry can profit from methods that can be applied in different settings and circumstances, yet use a sound, scientifically proven concept that enhances the learning experience. One way to create a common international community of practice (ICoP) of child and adolescent psychiatrists (CAPs) is through participation in a patient simulation session at international conferences. A co-constructive patient simulation (CCPS) was conducted as a workshop at two international CAP conferences, AACAP/CACAP 2022 and ESCAP 2023, characterized by script co-construction, active learner involvement, and systematic debriefing intended to enhance reflective function in clinical practice. About 30 international learners participated each session. Two facilitators were from North America, two from Europe. The first session participants had to enroll in the workshop and the CCPS was played with professional actors. The second session registration was not required by the conference organization and the CCPS was played with volunteering actors with a background in psychology, unfamiliar to the public. Overarching themes included an appreciation of local and international differences in practice, legislation and clinical thinking, and shared challenges such as dealing with uncertainty, family dynamics, strong emotions, difficult behaviour and non-adjustable perspectives. This approach can provide or expand educational resources, reveal useful common ground, (cultural) differences, and important themes in clinical practice, facilitate reflective practice in real time, making international conferences more fun and interactive.
Analysis of lettuce transcriptome reveals the mechanism of different diel light cycle in promoting the growth and quality
Authors: Dai MengDi , Tan Xiangfeng , Ye Ziran , Chen Xuting , Zhang Yi , Ruan Yunjie , Ma Bin , Kong Dedong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Diel light cycle plays a crucial role in controlling the production and quality of vegetables. However, the mechanism of diel light cycle on vegetable growth and quality is scarce studied. To investigate the impact of light cycle on lettuce growth and quality, we designed three diel scenarios, including 16 hours of light and 8 hours of darkness (1C), 12 hours of light and 6 hours of darkness (1.3C), and 8 hours of light and 4 hours of darkness (2C). Lettuce grew better under the 2C scenariothan under the other light cycle scenarios. Under the 2C scenario, the lettuce leaves exhibited greater enhancements in the levels of soluble protein, soluble sugar, and carotenoid content compared to the other scenarios. By comparing the expression levels under different diel scenarios (1C vs 1.3C, 1C vs 2C, and 1.3C vs 2C), we identified 7,209 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Additionally, 3 gene modules that were closely related to growth, quality and photosynthesis of lettuce were selected by WGCNA analysis. The eigengenes of three gene modules were enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, sphingolipid metabolism, and nucleocytoplasmic transport pathways. Through network analysis, we identified six hub genes (CIP1, SCL34, ROPGEF1, ACD6, CcmB, and Rps4) in three gene modules, which were dominant in the mechanism by which diel light cycle affected lettuce growth and quality. qRT-PCR analysis confirmed the expression levels of hub genes. This study significantly enhanced our comprehension of the diel light cycle in the growth morphology, nutritional quality, and metabolic pathways of lettuce.