bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions and implications of implicit gender bias in the hotel sector in Aruba
Authors: Jadnanansing Madhu S. , DiPietro Robin B. , De Droog Mieke 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis study aimed to collect data on the perception of top executive women in the Aruban hotel sector regarding implicit gender bias.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative study on the metacognitive processes of awareness, evaluation and autocorrection was utilized. Through purposive sampling women in the top two leadership levels in Aruba Hotel and Tourism Association (AHATA) member-hotels were selected.FindingsResults showed that a third of the top female executives experienced implicit gender bias career barriers. Different types of bias were identified such as: judgments regarding pregnancy, unequal pay and obstructions by the male general manager. How the women dealt with this bias depended on the type of bias and their personality. The identification of bias and its effects on the career trajectory were also influenced by characteristics of the work setting such as the size of the hotel and functional area.Research limitations/implicationsThe research limitations include the chosen scope, the impediment of the generalizability of the findings due to the nature of the study, self-perceived data and possible researcher and respondent bias.Practical implicationsThis study added to the existing body of leadership development literature with a focus on the effects of implicit bias on female leadership advancement. Some specific theoretical concepts that were combined in this study are organizational leadership, metacognition and the unconscious mind. The important role of personality was also confirmed in this study however one element that stood out in the current study was the effect of resilience in overcoming perceived barriers and attaining personal career goals. Suggestions and directions for future research are provided.Originality/valueDespite the fact that gender bias was not observed in an explicit form, participants advised to be aware of the existence and effects of the implicit form and to seek education and guidance from female mentors and to remain goal oriented when confronted with this bias. Since female under-representation in senior leadership positions in other economic sectors is not observed this advice serves as a significant practical implication for the development of female leadership in this important sector in Aruba.
Elevated serum IgE levels are not associated with poor treatment outcome in psoriasis vulgaris
Authors: Roh Won Seok , Oh Jongwook , Lee Min‐Geol , Kim Tae‐Gyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder which is associated with impaired skin barrier function. In this context, it was shown that serum IgE level was elevated in significant proportion of psoriasis patients. However, whether serum IgE levels are associated with treatment outcomes of psoriasis has not been understood. We retrospectively analyzed psoriasis patients who visited our clinics through electromedical records. Patients with history of atopic dermatitis were excluded. Total of 483 patients clinically or pathologically diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris were included for analyses. Initial mean serum IgE level was 226 ± 490.3 KU/L and patients with IgE higher than upper limit normal value were 42.0% (n = 203). Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 75 achievement rate according to IgE elevation was analyzed and no statistically meaningful difference was shown. In addition, logistic regression analysis to find out relationship between PASI 75 achievement and IgE titer also failed to show statistically significant relationship. In conclusion, serum IgE level was elevated in significant proportion in the patients with psoriasis, but its elevated level was not associated with treatment outcome.
A model industrial workhorse: Bacillus subtilis strain 168 and its genome after a quarter of a century
Authors: Bremer Erhard , Calteau Alexandra , Danchin Antoine , Harwood Colin , Helmann John D. , Médigue Claudine , Palsson Bernhard O. , Sekowska Agnieszka , Vallenet David , Zuniga Abril , Zuniga Cristal 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe vast majority of genomic sequences are automatically annotated using various software programs. The accuracy of these annotations depends heavily on the very few manual annotation efforts that combine verified experimental data with genomic sequences from model organisms. Here, we summarize the updated functional annotation of Bacillus subtilis strain 168, a quarter century after its genome sequence was first made public. Since the last such effort 5 years ago, 1168 genetic functions have been updated, allowing the construction of a new metabolic model of this organism of environmental and industrial interest. The emphasis in this review is on new metabolic insights, the role of metals in metabolism and macromolecule biosynthesis, functions involved in biofilm formation, features controlling cell growth, and finally, protein agents that allow class discrimination, thus allowing maintenance management, and accuracy of all cell processes. New ‘genomic objects’ and an extensive updated literature review have been included for the sequence, now available at the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC: AccNum AL009126.4).
CRISPR‐Cas9 enrichment, a new strategy in microbial metagenomics to investigate complex genomic regions: The case of an environmental integron
Authors: Sandoval‐Quintana Eva , Stangl Christina , Huang Lionel , Renkens Ivo , Duran Robert , van Haaften Gijs , Monroe Glen , Lauga Béatrice , Cagnon Christine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEnvironmental integrons are ubiquitous in natural microbial communities, but they are mostly uncharacterized and their role remains elusive. Thus far, research has been hindered by methodological limitations. Here, we successfully used an innovative approach combining CRISPR‐Cas9 enrichment with long‐read nanopore sequencing to target, in a complex microbial community, a putative adaptive environmental integron, InOPS, and to unravel its complete structure and genetic context. A contig of 20 kb was recovered containing the complete integron from the microbial metagenome of oil‐contaminated coastal sediments. InOPS exhibited typical integron features. The integrase, closely related to integrases of marine Desulfobacterota, possessed all the elements of a functional integron integrase. The gene cassettes harboured mostly unknown functions hampering inferences about their ecological importance. Moreover, the putative InOPS host, likely a hydrocarbonoclastic marine bacteria, raises questions as to the adaptive potential of InOPS in response to oil contamination. Finally, several mobile genetic elements were intertwined with InOPS highlighting likely genomic plasticity, and providing a source of genetic novelty. This case study showed the power of CRISPR‐Cas9 enrichment to elucidate the structure and context of specific DNA regions for which only a short sequence is known. This method is a new tool for environmental microbiologists working with complex microbial communities to target low abundant, large or repetitive genetic structures that are difficult to obtain by classical metagenomics. More precisely, here, it offers new perspectives to comprehensively assess the eco‐evolutionary significance of environmental integrons.
The role of parental congruence in pre‐school children's screen time, moderated by parental education
Authors: Burnett Alissa J. , Ray Carola , Lehto Reetta , Leppänen Marja H. , Sajaniemi Nina , Erkkola Maijaliisa , Roos Eva 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThis study investigated whether parental congruency regarding screen time (ST) is associated with ST in pre‐school children. In addition, we investigated whether parental education levels moderated this relationship.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in 2015–2016 in Finland (N = 688). Parents completed a questionnaire reporting their children's sedentary behaviour, their parental congruency regarding ST rules, and their educational level. Associations were examined using linear regression.ResultsChildren of parents with higher congruence regarding ST rules engaged in less ST, this was moderated by parental education levels. Children whose parents had a high level of education and parents' who strongly agree or somewhat agree on ST rules was negatively associated with ST. Furthermore, children whose parents had a medium level of education and parents' who strongly agree on ST rules was negatively associated with ST.ConclusionChildren of parents who agree on ST rules engaged in less ST compared with children of parents who do not agree on ST rules. Providing advice to parents regarding parental congruency could be the focus of future interventions.
Corruption, remittances, and public goods: A unified framework
Authors: Gautier Luis , Vatsa Puneet 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRemittances are an important source of income for the very countries afflicted by high levels of corruption. However, corruption undermines the development potential of remittances. With this in mind, we propose policy reforms that harness the potential of remittances while mitigating corruption. Unlike previous studies, we point to two channels: (1) the corrupt government's trade‐off between its financial interests (corruption), the provision of a public good, and the gains from a higher inflow of remittances; and (2) the household's consumption of the public good relative to that of the privately obtained substitute of the public good.
Pulsed‐field‐ablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation in patients with congenital anomalies of cardiac veins
Authors: Castiglione Alessandro , Küffer Thomas , Gräni Christoph , Servatius Helge , Reichlin Tobias , Roten Laurent 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionAnomalous cardiac veins are not rare and pulmonary vein (PV) isolation for atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment should include these veins. Pulsed‐field ablation (PFA) is a novel technology for AF ablation with excellent efficacy and safety profile. In this case series, we describe our first experience of isolation of anomalous cardiac veins using PFA in patients with AF.MethodsWe report a series of patients with congenital anomalies of the cardiac veins and AF, treated with PFA. All patients underwent cardiac computed tomography for procedural planning.ResultsWe included five patients (four males). Anomalous cardiac veins included a connection of a left common ostium to the coronary sinus, a partial and complete drainage of the right superior PV into the superior vena cava (SVC) with and without additional atrial septal defect, a persistent left SVC and an anomalous posterior PV. All anomalous PVs were isolated using PFA. No phrenic nerve palsy or other complications occurred. PFA of an abnormal right superior PV draining into the distal SVC was possible without affecting the sinus node. After a median of 4 months, four patients were free of recurrence. One patient had recurrent AF and perimitral reentry tachycardia, probably facilitated by PFA in the mitral isthmus region during isolation of an anomalous connection of the left common ostium to the coronary sinus.ConclusionsUsing systematic preprocedural imaging and three‐dimensional‐electroanatomic mapping, the currently available PFA system seems well suited, efficient, and versatile for the treatment of AF in patients with anomalous cardiac veins.
A new class of monoclonal Aβ antibodies selectively targets and triggers deposition of Aβ protofibrils
Authors: Grover Shikha , Pham Thao , Jones Anna , Sinobas‐Pereira Cristina , Villoch Diaz Maurino Marina , Garrad Evan C. , Makoni Nyasha J. , Parks Antanisha , Domalewski Ryan J. , Riggio Gabriel , An Hannah , Chen Kunhua , Nichols Michael R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAggregation and accumulation of amyloid‐β peptide (Aβ) are a critical trigger for the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). While the plaques are the most outstanding Aβ pathological feature, much of the recent research emphasis has been on soluble Aβ species because of their diffusible, proinflammatory, and toxic properties. The focus on soluble aggregated Aβ species has also increased the interest in antibodies that are selective for different Aβ conformations. In the current study, we developed and characterized a new class of monoclonal antibodies (referred to as mAbSL) that are selective for Aβ protofibrils. Cloning and sequencing of the heavy and light chain variable regions for multiple antibodies identified sequence characteristics that may impart the conformational selectivity by the antibodies. Transfection of FreeStyle 293F cells with the plasmids permitted in‐house expression and purification of mAbSL antibodies along with non‐conformation‐selective Aβ monoclonal antibodies (Aβ mAbs). Several of the purified mAbSL antibodies demonstrated significant affinity and selectivity for Aβ42 protofibrils compared with Aβ42 monomers and Aβ42 fibrils. Competition ELISA assays assessing the best overall antibody, mAbSL 113, yielded affinity constants of 7 nM for the antibody‐Aβ42 protofibril interaction, while the affinity for either Aβ42 monomers or Aβ42 fibrils was roughly 80 times higher. mAbSL 113 significantly inhibited Aβ42 monomer aggregation by a unique mechanism compared with the inhibition displayed by Aβ mAb 513. Aβ42 protofibril dynamics were also markedly altered in the presence of mAbSL 113, whereby insoluble complex formation and protofibril deposition were stimulated by the antibody at low substoichiometric molar ratios. As the field contemplates the therapeutic effectiveness of Aβ conformation‐selective antibodies, the findings presented here demonstrate new information on a monoclonal antibody that selectively targets Aβ protofibrils and impacts Aβ dynamics.image
Cognitive appraisal of health and its influencing factors among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Tian Qi , Zhang Chunmiao , Guo Pingping , Xu Mengmeng , Yu Shuanghan , Liu Yantong , Cao Minglu , Yu Lin , Yang Shu , Zhang Wei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the status quo of cognitive appraisal of health and its influencing factors among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted from June 2020 to November 2020. Participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital by a convenient sample method. A total of 300 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus completed the survey, including self‐compiled individual information questionnaire, Cognitive Appraisal of Health Scale, Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale and General Self‐Efficacy Scale.ResultsFor cognitive appraisal of health, the median score of challenge dimension was 3.75 (3.50, 4.00), benign/irrelevant was 2.75 (2.00, 3.50), harm/loss was 2.38 (2.00, 3.00) and threat was 2.40 (2.00, 2.80), respectively. Regression analyses showed that gestational age, mode of conception, history of abortion, insulin usage, pregnancy stress and self‐efficacy were the predictors of cognitive appraisal of health.ConclusionsThis study revealed that pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus tended to make positive cognitive appraisal of health. And healthcare providers need to make full use of their predictors of cognitive appraisal of health to improve cognitive appraisal to manage stress and ameliorate pregnancy outcomes.
Winning isn't everything: Guilt proneness and competitive vs. non‐competitive motivation
Authors: Haran Uriel , Van Dijk Dina , Barina Michal , Krief Mor , Rosenzweig Stav 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveGuilt proneness is associated with both high motivation to succeed and enhanced concern for others. However, in competition, achieving success requires harming others' interests, which demotivates guilt‐prone individuals. Given the prevalence of competition in social and professional life, we examine the relation between guilt proneness, general motivation, and competitive motivation.MethodTwo experiments and two laboratory studies (N = 1735) measured guilt proneness, general motivation, and competitive motivation, and their effects on competitive preferences and choices. Study settings included students' choice of playing a game individually vs. competitively (Study 1), physicians' likelihood to seek residency in medical fields characterized by high competitiveness (Study 2), amateur athletes' preferences between inclusive and win‐oriented team strategies (Study 3), and online workers' evaluations of a hypothetical scenario (Study 4).ResultsGuilt proneness was related positively to general motivation, but negatively to competitive motivation. Guilt proneness, indirectly through lower competitive motivation, predicted a lower likelihood of pursuing competitive paths and preference for non‐competitive strategies. Emphasizing prosocial aspects of competitiveness attenuated these effects.ConclusionsGuilt proneness is related to high general motivation but to a lower desire to win. Guilt‐prone individuals strive for excellence, but through non‐competitive paths, whereas people with lower guilt proneness prefer competing.
Pupillometry to differentiate idiopathic hypersomnia from narcolepsy type 1
Authors: Rach Héloïse , Reynaud Eve , Kilic‐Huck Ulker , Ruppert Elisabeth , Comtet Henri , Roy de Belleplaine Virginie , Fuchs Fanny , Van Someren Eus J. W. , Geoffroy Pierre A. , Bourgin Patrice 
Published: April 2023

SummaryIdiopathic hypersomnia is poorly diagnosed in the absence of biomarkers to distinguish it from other central hypersomnia subtypes. Given that light plays a main role in the regulation of sleep and wake, we explored the retinal melanopsin‐based pupil response in patients with idiopathic hypersomnia and narcolepsy type 1, and healthy subjects. Twenty‐seven patients with narcolepsy type 1 (women 59%, 36 ± 11.5 years old), 36 patients with idiopathic hypersomnia (women 83%, 27.2 ± 7.2 years old) with long total sleep time (> 11/24 hr), and 43 controls (women 58%, 30.6 ± 9.3 years old) were included in this study. All underwent a pupillometry protocol to assess pupil diameter, and the relative post‐illumination pupil response to assess melanopsin‐driven pupil responses in the light non‐visual input pathway. Differences between groups were assessed using logistic regressions adjusted on age and sex. We found that patients with narcolepsy type 1 had a smaller baseline pupil diameter as compared with idiopathic hypersomnia and controls (p < 0.05). In addition, both narcolepsy type 1 and idiopathic hypersomnia groups had a smaller relative post‐illumination pupil response (respectively, 31.6 ± 13.9% and 33.2 ± 9.9%) as compared with controls (38.7 ± 9.7%), suggesting a reduced melanopsin‐mediated pupil response in both types of central hypersomnia (p < 0.01). Both narcolepsy type 1 and idiopathic hypersomnia showed a smaller melanopsin‐mediated pupil response, and narcolepsy type 1, unlike idiopathic hypersomnia, also displayed a smaller basal pupil diameter. Importantly, we found that the basal pupil size permitted to well discriminate idiopathic hypersomnia from narcolepsy type 1 with a specificity = 66.67% and a sensitivity = 72.22%. Pupillometry may aid to multi‐feature differentiation of central hypersomnia subtypes.
Coordinated charging station search in stochastic environments: A multiagent approach
Authors: Guillet Marianne , Schiffer Maximilian 
Published: April 2023

Range and charge anxiety remain essential barriers to a faster electric vehicle (EV) market diffusion. To this end, quickly and reliably finding suitable charging stations may foster an EV uptake by mitigating drivers' anxieties. Here, existing commercial services help drivers to find available stations based on real‐time availability data but struggle with data inaccuracy, for example, due to conventional vehicles blocking the access to public charging stations. In this context, recent works have studied stochastic search methods to account for availability uncertainty in order to minimize a driver's detour until reaching an available charging station. So far, both practical and theoretical approaches ignore driver coordination enabled by charging requests centralization or sharing of data, for example, sharing observations of charging stations' availability or visit intentions between drivers. Against this background, we study coordinated stochastic search algorithms, which help to reduce station visit conflicts and improve the drivers' charging experience. We model a multiagent stochastic charging station search problem as a finite‐horizon Markov decision process and introduce an online solution framework applicable to static and dynamic policies. In contrast to static policies, dynamic policies account for information updates during policy planning and execution. We present a hierarchical implementation of a single‐agent heuristic for decentralized decision making and a rollout algorithm for centralized decision making. Extensive numerical studies show that compared to an uncoordinated setting, a decentralized setting with visit intentions sharing decreases the system cost by 26%, which is nearly as good as the 28% cost decrease achieved in a centralized setting. Even in long planning horizons, our algorithm reduces the system cost by 25% while increasing each driver's search reliability.
Designing shipping policies with top‐up options to qualify for free delivery
Authors: Li Guang , Sheng Lifei , Zhan Dongyuan 
Published: April 2023

Motivated by the booming online grocery market and the extensive use of contingent free‐shipping (CFS) policies in the e‐grocery industry, we investigate the optimal CFS and pricing decisions for online grocers. Under a CFS policy, consumers enjoy free shipping for orders exceeding a certain threshold value; otherwise, they are charged a flat fee for orders below this threshold. We adopt a utility‐based model to capture consumers' behavior of purchasing additional items to qualify for free shipping under a CFS policy and analyze its impact on policy structure and consumer surplus. We characterize the e‐grocer's optimal pricing and CFS policy and find that consumer heterogeneity and demand distribution lead to different forms of the optimal shipping policy. When consumer heterogeneity is large enough, the optimal policy induces some consumers to top up and may allow some others to ship for free. In this case, the e‐grocer can charge a high‐profit margin. Otherwise, a top‐up option is unnecessary, and a flat‐rate shipping fee policy is optimal. Moreover, while the optimal policy never induces all consumers to top up when they are rational, it is possible to do so when consumers associate some psychological disutility with the shipping fee. Surprisingly, the total consumer surplus under the optimal policy may increase in the latter case. We further model a Stackelberg game between an e‐grocer and an offline channel and find that the difference between the e‐grocer's internal shipping cost and consumers' inconvenience cost of shopping offline is a main driver for market segmentation. Lastly, we show that a subscription‐based free‐shipping program, in addition to the jointly optimized CFS and pricing policy, cannot improve profits when consumers' order size and frequency are independent. Our findings help online grocers make operational and marketing decisions under the impact of consumers' top‐up behavior.