bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ehlers, Carroll, charges and dual charges
Authors: Mittal Nehal , Petropoulos P. Marios , Rivera-Betancour David , Vilatte Matthieu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe unravel the boundary manifestation of Ehlers’ hidden Möbius symmetry present in four-dimensional Ricci-flat spacetimes that enjoy a time-like isometry and are Petrov-algebraic. This is achieved in a designated gauge, shaped in the spirit of flat holography, where the Carrollian three-dimensional nature of the null conformal boundary is manifest and covariantly implemented. The action of the Möbius group is local on the space of Carrollian boundary data, among which the Carrollian Cotton tensor plays a predominent role. The Carrollian and Weyl geometric tools introduced for shaping an appropriate gauge, as well as the boundary conformal group, which is BMS4, allow to define electric/magnetic, leading/subleading towers of charges directly from the boundary Carrollian dynamics and explore their behaviour under the action of the Möbius duality group.
A system of superlinear elliptic equations in a cylinder
Authors: Guo Yanyan , Ruf Bernhard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe article is concerned with the existence of positive solutions of a semi-linear elliptic system defined in a cylinder $$\Omega =\Omega '\times (0,a)\subset {\mathbb {R}}^n$$

Ω
=

Ω
′

×

(
0
,
a
)

⊂

R

n

, where $$\Omega '\subset {\mathbb {R}}^{n-1}$$

Ω
′

⊂

R

n
-
1

is a bounded and smooth domain. The system couples a superlinear equation defined in the whole cylinder $$\Omega $$
Ω
with another superlinear (or linear) equation defined at the bottom of the cylinder $$\Omega '\times \{0\}$$

Ω
′

×

{
0
}

. Possible applications for such systems are interacting substances (gas in the cylinder and fluid at the bottom) or competing species in a cylindrical habitat (insects in the air and plants on the ground). We provide a priori $$L^\infty $$

L
∞

bounds for all positive solutions of the system when the nonlinear terms satisfy certain growth conditions. It is interesting that due to the structure of the system our growth restrictions are weaker than those of the pioneering result by Brezis–Turner for a single equation. Using the a priori bounds and topological arguments, we prove the existence of positive solutions for these particular semi-linear elliptic systems.
Incretin hormones and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Nauck Michael A. , Müller Timo D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIncretin hormones (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide [GIP] and glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1]) play a role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Along with their derivatives they have shown therapeutic success in type 2 diabetes, with the potential for further improvements in glycaemic, cardiorenal and body weight-related outcomes. In type 2 diabetes, the incretin effect (greater insulin secretory response after oral glucose than with ‘isoglycaemic’ i.v. glucose, i.e. with an identical glycaemic stimulus) is markedly reduced or absent. This appears to be because of a reduced ability of GIP to stimulate insulin secretion, related either to an overall impairment of beta cell function or to specific defects in the GIP signalling pathway. It is likely that a reduced incretin effect impacts on postprandial glycaemic excursions and, thus, may play a role in the deterioration of glycaemic control. In contrast, the insulinotropic potency of GLP-1 appears to be much less impaired, such that exogenous GLP-1 can stimulate insulin secretion, suppress glucagon secretion and reduce plasma glucose concentrations in the fasting and postprandial states. This has led to the development of incretin-based glucose-lowering medications (selective GLP-1 receptor agonists or, more recently, co-agonists, e.g. that stimulate GIP and GLP-1 receptors). Tirzepatide (a GIP/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist), for example, reduces HbA1c and body weight in individuals with type 2 diabetes more effectively than selective GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g. semaglutide). The mechanisms by which GIP receptor agonism may contribute to better glycaemic control and weight loss after long-term exposure to tirzepatide are a matter of active research and may change the pessimistic view that developed after the disappointing lack of insulinotropic activity in people with type 2 diabetes when exposed to GIP in short-term experiments. Future medications that stimulate incretin hormone and other receptors simultaneously may have the potential to further increase the ability to control plasma glucose concentrations and induce weight loss.
Graphical Abstract
The role of alcohol use in pesticide suicide and self-harm: a scoping review
Authors: Schölin Lisa , Lee K. S. Kylie , London Leslie , Pearson Melissa , Otieno Fredrick , Weerasinghe Manjula , Konradsen Flemming , Eddleston Michael , Sørensen Jane Brandt 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Suicide and self-harm by pesticide self-poisoning is common in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Alcohol is an important risk factor for self-harm; however, little is known about its role in pesticide self-poisoning. This scoping review explores the role that alcohol plays in pesticide self-harm and suicide.

Methods
The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review guidance. Searches were undertaken in 14 databases, Google Scholar, and relevant websites. Articles were included if they focussed on pesticide self-harm and/or suicide and involvement of alcohol.

Results
Following screening of 1281 articles, 52 were included. Almost half were case reports (n = 24) and 16 focussed on Sri Lanka. Just over half described the acute impact of alcohol (n = 286), followed by acute and chronic alcohol use (n = 9), chronic use, (n = 4,) and only two articles addressed harm to others. One systematic review/meta-analysis showed increased risk of intubation and death in patients with co-ingested alcohol and pesticides. Most individuals who consumed alcohol before self-harming with pesticides were men, but alcohol use among this group also led to pesticide self-harm among family members. Individual interventions were recognised as reducing or moderating alcohol use, but no study discussed population-level alcohol interventions as a strategy for pesticide suicide and self-harm prevention.

Conclusion
Research on alcohol’s role in pesticide self-harm and suicide is limited. Future studies are needed to: further assess the toxicological effects of combined alcohol and pesticide ingestion, explore harm to others from alcohol including pesticide self-harm, and to integrate efforts to prevent harmful alcohol use and self-harm.
Urinary excretion kinetics of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617
Authors: de Bakker Maarten , Dominicus Noa , Meeuwis Antoi , Janssen Marcel , Konijnenberg Mark W. , Nagarajah James , Peters Steffie M. B. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
For the implementation of suitable radiation safety measures in [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 therapy, additional insight into excretion kinetics is important. This study evaluates this kinetics in prostate cancer patients via direct urine measurements.

Methods
Both the short-term (up to 24 h, n = 28 cycles) and long-term kinetics (up to 7 weeks, n = 35 samples) were evaluated by collection of urine samples. Samples were measured on a scintillation counter to determine excretion kinetics.

Results
The mean excretion half-time during the first 20 h was 4.9 h. Kinetics was significantly different for patients with kidney function below or above eGFR 65 ml/min. Calculated skin equivalent dose in case of urinary contamination was between 50 and 145 mSv when it was caused between 0 and 8 h p.i.. Measurable amounts of 177Lu were found in urine samples up to 18 days p.i..

Conclusion
Excretion kinetics of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 is especially relevant during the first 24 h, when accurate radiation safety measures are important to prevent skin contamination. Measures for accurate waste management are relevant up to 18 days.
Novel, static, permanent spacers to treat chronic knee periprosthetic joint infections
Authors: Li Shuailei , Meng Yanyan , Pan Jiankang , Sun Yongqiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To discuss a static and permanent spacer in the treatment of chronic periprosthetic knee infection. Methods
In this study, patients who were diagonised with chronic periprosthetic knee infection and not appropriate to undergo revision operations were included and were treated with static and permanent spacers. Infection recurrence rate was recorded, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score and Knee Society Score (KSS) were used to record patients’ pain and knee function before the operation and at the final follow-up (minimum 24 months).

Results
Fifteen patients were identified for this study. Pain and function were significantly improved at the latest follow-up evaluation. One patient had a recurrent infection and underwent amputation. No patients had signs of residual instability at the final follow-up evaluation, and no breakage or subsidence of the antibiotic spacer were identified at the final radiographic follow-up evaluation.

Conclusion
Our study provided evidence that the static and permanent spacer was a reliable salvage procedure to treat periprosthetic knee infection in compromised patients.
Latitudinal cline in reproductive traits in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Matsumura Kentarou , Wakabayashi Kyosuke , Kawakami Renya , Miyatake Takahisa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Several previous studies have reported geographic variation and/or latitudinal clines of morphological sexual characteristics, but there are few studies that consider reproductive traits that are not morphological. Here, we measured the proportion of females fertilized by males, frequency of reproductive failure in males, and number of female copulations of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum collected from fields in Japan to investigate the relationship between reproductive traits and latitude. Our results show substantial differences in the reproductive traits of both sexes among field populations. We identified latitudinal clines for reproductive traits in males, but not females. Moreover, female, but not male, reproductive traits were correlated with body size. Our study suggests that selection for male reproductive traits varies with latitude in T. castaneum.

Significance statement
It has been established that latitudinal gradients are frequently observed in the traits of numerous animal species, of which body size is a prime example. Analogously, latitudinal gradients have been documented in the reproductive traits of several animal species, indicating that sexual selection may be influenced by latitude, although the specific understanding thereof remains elusive. In this study, we quantified the male and female reproductive traits and analyzed their relationship with latitude in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. Our findings indicate that male mating efficacy was superior at lower than at higher latitudes, but no discernible latitudinal gradient was observed in female mating frequency. These results imply that selective pressure on males of this species is stronger at lower than at higher latitudes.
New strategies for the new environment in Spitsbergen fjords (Arctic). Scattering of the feather star Heliometra glacialis (Echinodermata, unstalked crinoid) clinging to a crab
Authors: Deja Kajetan , Dragańska-Deja Katarzyna , Wesławski Jan Marcin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis publication presents an unusual behavior of a comatulid crinoid that was tentatively attributed to Heliometria glacialis (Echinodermata, Crinoidea, Heliometrinae). This unstalked crinoid was observed clinging on Hyas sp. crabs in the inner part of the Spitsbergen fjords heavily loaded with suspension runoff. In situ observations were made using a 16-h and 45-min time-lapse sequence showing the decompositions of Atlantic cod. During the exposure, apart from typical organisms such as carrion crustaceans, crabs, and starfish, three individuals of crinoids were observed. One of the crinoids was clinging to the edge of the platform for most of the exposure. The remaining two individuals were observed attached to the carapace of Hyas sp. crabs for 6 h 55 min. It was also found, based on analysis of the video material from 202 locations examined in the summer season between 2015 and 2020 using a drop camera, two additional locations showing comatulid crinoids. Both locations in the Ekmanfjorden and in the interior of the Vanmijenfjorden are areas under the strong influence of a glacier meltwater plum or a glacial river runoff. So far, comatulid crinoids have been found mainly in locations outside of the influence of turbid waters from fjords. We interpret this new behavior within comatulid crinoids as an adaptation that help colonize new regions gradually exposed by the retreating glaciers.
Bridging mouse and human anatomies; a knowledge-based approach to comparative anatomy for disease model phenotyping
Authors: Ruberte Jesús , Schofield Paul N. , Sundberg John P. , Rodriguez-Baeza Alfonso , Carretero Ana , McKerlie Colin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe laboratory mouse is the foremost mammalian model used for studying human diseases and is closely anatomically related to humans. Whilst knowledge about human anatomy has been collected throughout the history of mankind, the first comprehensive study of the mouse anatomy was published less than 60 years ago. This has been followed by the more recent publication of several books and resources on mouse anatomy. Nevertheless, to date, our understanding and knowledge of mouse anatomy is far from being at the same level as that of humans. In addition, the alignment between current mouse and human anatomy nomenclatures is far from being as developed as those existing between other species, such as domestic animals and humans. To close this gap, more in depth mouse anatomical research is needed and it will be necessary to extent and refine the current vocabulary of mouse anatomical terms.
GRACE scores or high-sensitivity troponin for timing of coronary angiography in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Jobs Alexander , Boeddinghaus Jasper , Neumann Johannes Tobias , Goßling Alina , Sörensen Nils A. , Twerenbold Raphael , Nestelberger Thomas , Lopez-Ayala Pedro , Gimenez Maria Rubini , Miro Oscar , Koechlin Luca , Buergin Natacha , Feistritzer Hans-Josef , Collet Jean-Philippe , Bhatt Deepak L. , Granger Christopher B. , Blankenberg Stefan , Desch Steffen , Mueller Christian , Westermann Dirk , Thiele Holger 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The GRACE risk score is generically recommended by guidelines for timing of invasive coronary angiography without stating which score should be used. The aim was to determine the diagnostic performance of different GRACE risk scores in comparison to the ESC 0/1 h-algorithm using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn).

Methods
Prospectively enrolled patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of myocardial infarction (MI) in two large studies testing biomarker diagnostic strategies were included. Five GRACE risk scores were calculated. The amount of risk reclassification and the theoretical impact on guideline-recommended timing of invasive coronary angiography was studied.

Results
Overall, 8,618 patients were eligible for analyses. Comparing different GRACE risk scores, up to 63.8% of participants were reclassified into a different risk category. The proportion of MIs identified (i.e., sensitivity) dramatically differed between GRACE risk scores (range 23.8–66.5%) and was lower for any score than for the ESC 0/1 h-algorithm (78.1%). Supplementing the ESC 0/1 h-algorithm with a GRACE risk score slightly increased sensitivity (P < 0.001 for all scores). However, this increased the number of false positive results.

Conclusion
The substantial amount of risk reclassification causes clinically meaningful differences in the proportion of patients meeting the recommended threshold for pursuing early invasive strategy according to the different GRACE scores. The single best test to detect MIs is the ESC 0/1 h-algorithm. Combining GRACE risk scoring with hs-cTn testing slightly increases the detection of MIs but also increases the number of patients with false positive results who would undergo potential unnecessarily early invasive coronary angiography.

Graphical abstract
Post-implantation clinical cost analysis between transcutaneous and percutaneous bone conduction devices
Authors: Aukema Tjerk W. , Teunissen Emma M. , Janssen Arno M. , Hol Myrthe K. S. , Mylanus Emmanuel A. M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Bone conduction devices (BCD) are effective for hearing rehabilitation in patients with conductive and mixed hearing loss or single-sided deafness. Transcutaneous bone conduction devices (tBCD) seem to lead to fewer soft tissue complications than percutaneous BCDs (pBCD) but have other drawbacks such as MRI incompatibility and higher costs. Previous cost analyses have shown a cost advantage of tBCDs. The purpose of this study is to compare long-term post-implantations costs between percutaneous and transcutaneous BCDs.

Materials and methods
Retrospective data from 77 patients implanted in a tertiary referral centre with a pBCD (n = 34), tBCD (n = 43; passive (tpasBCD; n = 34) and active (tactBCD; n = 9) and a reference group who underwent cochlear implantation (CI; n = 34), were included in a clinical cost analysis. Post-implantation costs were determined as the sum of consultation (medical and audiological) and additional (all post-operative care) costs. Median (cumulative) costs per device incurred for the different cohorts were compared at 1, 3 and 5 years after implantation.

Results
After 5 years, the total post-implantation costs of the pBCD vs tpasBCD were not significantly different (€1550.7 [IQR 1174.6–2797.4] vs €2266.9 [IQR 1314.1–3535.3], p = 0.185), nor was there a significant difference between pBCD vs tactBCD (€1550.7 [1174.6–2797.4] vs €1428.8 [1277.3–1760.4], p = 0.550). Additional post-implantation costs were significantly highest in the tpasBCD cohort at all moments of follow-up.

Conclusion
Total costs related to post-operative rehabilitation and treatments are comparable between percutaneous and transcutaneous BCDs up to 5 years after implantation. Complications related to passive transcutaneous bone conduction devices appeared significantly more expensive after implantation due to more frequent explantations.
The rising role of cognitive reserve and associated compensatory brain networks in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2
Authors: Siciliano Libera , Olivito Giusy , Urbini Nicole , Silveri Maria Caterina , Leggio Maria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPre-existing or enhanced cognitive abilities influence symptom onset and severity in neurodegenerative diseases, which improve an individual’s ability to deal with neurodegeneration. This process is named cognitive reserve (CR), and it has acquired high visibility in the field of neurodegeneration. However, the investigation of CR has been neglected in the context of cerebellar neurodegenerative disorders. The present study assessed CR and its impact on cognitive abilities in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2), which is a rare cerebellar neurodegenerative disease. We investigated the existence of CR networks in terms of compensatory mechanisms and neural reserve driven by increased cerebello-cerebral functional connectivity. The CR of 12 SCA2 patients was assessed using the Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire (CRIq), which was developed for appraising life-span CR. Patients underwent several neuropsychological tests to evaluate cognitive functioning and a functional MRI examination. Network based statistics analysis was used to assess functional brain networks. The results revealed significant correlations of CRIq measures with cognitive domains and patterns of increased connectivity in specific cerebellar and cerebral regions, which likely indicated CR networks. This study showed that CR may influence disease-related cognitive deficits, and it was related to the effective use of specific cerebello-cerebral networks that reflect a CR biomarker.
The role of AtPP2-A3 and AtPP2-A8 genes encoding Nictaba-related lectin domains in the defense response of Arabidopsis thaliana to Heterodera schachtii
Authors: Wojszko Kamila , Różańska Elżbieta , Sobczak Mirosław , Kuczerski Karol , Krępski Tomasz , Wiśniewska Anita 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Main conclusion
Expression levels of AtPP2-A3 and AtPP2-A8 are reduced in syncytia induced by Heterodera schachtii and decline of their expression levels decreases host susceptibility, whereas their overexpression promotes susceptibility to parasite.

Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes cause huge crop losses worldwide. Heterodera schachtii is a sedentary cyst-forming nematode that induces a feeding site called a syncytium via the delivery of secreted chemical substances (effectors) to host cells, which modulate host genes expression and phytohormone regulation patterns. Genes encoding the Nictaba-related lectin domain have been found among the plant genes with downregulated expression during the development of syncytia induced by H. schachtii in Arabidopsis thaliana roots. To investigate the role of two selected Nictaba-related genes in the plant response to beet cyst nematode parasitism, mutants and plants overexpressing AtPP2-A3 or AtPP2-A8 were infected, and promoter activity and protein localization were analyzed. In wild-type plants, AtPP2-A3 and AtPP2-A8 were expressed only in roots, especially in the cortex and rhizodermis. After nematode infection, their expression was switched off in regions surrounding a developing syncytium. Astonishingly, plants overexpressing AtPP2-A3 or AtPP2-A8 were more susceptible to nematode infection than wild-type plants, whereas mutants were less susceptible. Based on these results and changes in AtPP2-A3 and AtPP2-A8 expression patterns after treatments with different stress phytohormones, we postulate that the AtPP2-A3 and AtPP2-A8 genes play important roles in the defense response to beet cyst nematode infection.
Head and neck oncology management in the time of COVID-19: results of a head and neck cancer center
Authors: Heckel Silvia , Bohr Christopher , Meier Johannes , Maurer Julia , Kuenzel Julian , Mueller Karolina , Koelbl Oliver , Reichert Torsten , Vielsmeier Veronika , Gruber Isabella 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Given the concerns about the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care, we analyzed the treatment quality of the head and neck cancer center Regensburg before and throughout 2 years of the pandemic. We included data of 3 years to reflect the extended pandemic period as new developments continued to influence its course.

Methods
This retrospective review included all patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer in 2019, 2020, and 2021 who had not started treatment elsewhere prior to being referred to the head and neck cancer center. We compared tumor characteristics and times to therapy of patients diagnosed before COVID-19 in 2019 (n = 253), during COVID-19 in 2020 (n = 206), and in a phase of partial normalization in a persistent pandemic situation in 2021 (n = 247).

Results
Our data revealed no decrease in diagnoses or drift in stages toward more advanced stages. There was an increased percentage of diagnoses confirmed at the head and neck cancer center from 2019 (57.3%) to 2020 (68.0%) and to 2021 (65.6%) compared to confirmation at other institutions (2019, 42.7%; 2020, 32.0%; 2021, 34.4%; P = 0.041). Surgery and radiotherapy were performed with the same frequency. The median days between diagnosis and surgery were decreased in 2020 (19.5 days; P = 0.049) and 2021 (20.0 days; P = 0.026) in comparison to 2019 (23 days). The days to radiotherapy were not affected.

Conclusion
The data indicate a consistent oncological performance for head and neck cancer patients in all waves of the pandemic and thereafter without a decrease in diagnoses or shift in stages.