bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-Pulse 3D particle tracking with Shake-The-Box
Authors: Novara M. , Schanz D. , Schröder A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study presents an approach to two-pulse 3D particle tracking using methods developed within the Shake-The-Box (STB, Schanz et al. in Exp Fluids 57:70, 2016) Lagrangian particle tracking (LPT) framework. The original STB algorithm requires time-resolved data and reconstructs 3D trajectories using a particle position prediction–correction scheme. However, dual-frame 3D acquisition systems, consisting of a dual-cavity laser and double-frame cameras, remain commonly used for many particle-image-based investigations in a wide range of flow velocities and applications. While such systems can be used to capture short Multi-Pulse particle trajectories (Multi-Pulse STB, MP-STB—Novara et al. in Exp Fluids 57:128, 2016a; Novara et al. in Exp Fluids 60:44, 2019), the most widespread application is still a single-pulse illumination of each of the two available frames. As a consequence, 3D LPT approaches capable of dealing with two-pulse recordings are of high interest for both the scientific community and industry. Several methods based on various evaluation schemes have been developed in the past. In the present study, a Two-Pulse Shake-The-Box approach (TP-STB) is proposed, based on the advanced IPR algorithm presented by Jahn et al. (Exp Fluids 62:179, 2021), in combination with an iterative scheme of reconstruction and tracking, ideally with the help of a predictor gained by Particle Space Correlation. It basically constitutes a lean version of the MP-STB technique, with lower demands on experimental setup and processing time. The performances of TP-STB are assessed by means of comparison with the results from the time-resolved STB algorithm (TR-STB) both concerning synthetic and experimental data. The suitability of the algorithm for the analysis of dual-frame 3D particle imaging datasets is assessed based on the processing of existing images from a tomographic PIV experiment from 2012. The comparison with the results published by Henningsson et al. (J R Soc Interface 12:20150119, 2015) confirms the capability of TP-STB to accurately reconstruct individual particle tracks despite the limited time-resolution information offered by two-frame recordings.
Functional redundant soil fauna and microbial groups and processes were fairly resistant to drought in an agroecosystem
Authors: Watzinger A. , Prommer J. , Spiridon A. , Kisielinska W. , Hood-Nowotny R. , Leitner S. , Wanek W. , Resch C. , Heiling M. , Murer E. , Formayer H. , Wawra A. , Miloczki J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractClimate change scenarios predict more frequent and intense drought periods for 2071 to 2100 for many regions of the world including Austria. Current and predicted lower precipitation scenarios were simulated at a lysimeter station containing a fertile and less fertile agricultural soil for 9 years. 13C and 15N-labeled green manure was added in year 8 with the aim to analyze how the predicted precipitation regime affects soil fauna and microbial groups and consequently nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) cycling. Among the investigated mesofauna (collembola and oribatida), the abundance and biodiversity of oribatida was significantly reduced by drought, possibly because they mainly represent K-strategist species with low mobility and consequently the need to adapt to long-term adverse environmental conditions. Microbial community composition and microbial biomass, investigated by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, was indistinguishable between the current and the predicted precipitation scenarios. Nonetheless, soil 13C-CO2 emissions and soil water 15N-NO3 data revealed decelerated mineralization of green manure under reduced precipitation in the first 2 weeks, but no effects were observed on soil C sequestration or on 13C incorporation into microbial PLFAs in the following 1.2 years. We found that over a 1-year time period, decomposition was rather driven by plant residue availability than water limitation of microorganisms in the investigated agroecosystem. In contrast, N2O emissions were significantly reduced under drought, and green manure derived 15N accumulated in the soil under drought, which might necessitate the adjustment of future fertilization regimes. The impacts of reduced precipitation and drought were less pronounced in the more fertile agricultural soil, due to its greater buffering capacity in terms of water storage and organic matter and nutrient availability.
AMFR dysfunction causes autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia in human that is amenable to statin treatment in a preclinical model
Authors: Deng Ruizhi , Medico-Salsench Eva , Nikoncuk Anita , Ramakrishnan Reshmi , Lanko Kristina , Kühn Nikolas A. , van der Linde Herma C. , Lor-Zade Sarah , Albuainain Fatimah , Shi Yuwei , Yousefi Soheil , Capo Ivan , van den Herik Evita Medici , van Slegtenhorst Marjon , van Minkelen Rick , Geeven Geert , Mulder Monique T. , Ruijter George J. G. , Lütjohann Dieter , Jacobs Edwin H. , Houlden Henry , Pagnamenta Alistair T. , Metcalfe Kay , Jackson Adam , Banka Siddharth , De Simone Lenika , Schwaede Abigail , Kuntz Nancy , Palculict Timothy Blake , Abbas Safdar , Umair Muhammad , AlMuhaizea Mohammed , Colak Dilek , AlQudairy Hanan , Alsagob Maysoon , Pereira Catarina , Trunzo Roberta , Karageorgou Vasiliki , Bertoli-Avella Aida M. , Bauer Peter , Bouman Arjan , Hoefsloot Lies H. , van Ham Tjakko J. , Issa Mahmoud , Zaki Maha S. , Gleeson Joseph G. , Willemsen Rob , Kaya Namik , Arold Stefan T. , Maroofian Reza , Sanderson Leslie E. , Barakat Tahsin Stefan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are rare, inherited neurodegenerative or neurodevelopmental disorders that mainly present with lower limb spasticity and muscle weakness due to motor neuron dysfunction. Whole genome sequencing identified bi-allelic truncating variants in AMFR, encoding a RING-H2 finger E3 ubiquitin ligase anchored at the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), in two previously genetically unexplained HSP-affected siblings. Subsequently, international collaboration recognized additional HSP-affected individuals with similar bi-allelic truncating AMFR variants, resulting in a cohort of 20 individuals from 8 unrelated, consanguineous families. Variants segregated with a phenotype of mainly pure but also complex HSP consisting of global developmental delay, mild intellectual disability, motor dysfunction, and progressive spasticity. Patient-derived fibroblasts, neural stem cells (NSCs), and in vivo zebrafish modeling were used to investigate pathomechanisms, including initial preclinical therapy assessment. The absence of AMFR disturbs lipid homeostasis, causing lipid droplet accumulation in NSCs and patient-derived fibroblasts which is rescued upon AMFR re-expression. Electron microscopy indicates ER morphology alterations in the absence of AMFR. Similar findings are seen in amfra-/- zebrafish larvae, in addition to altered touch-evoked escape response and defects in motor neuron branching, phenocopying the HSP observed in patients. Interestingly, administration of FDA-approved statins improves touch-evoked escape response and motor neuron branching defects in amfra-/- zebrafish larvae, suggesting potential therapeutic implications. Our genetic and functional studies identify bi-allelic truncating variants in AMFR as a cause of a novel autosomal recessive HSP by altering lipid metabolism, which may potentially be therapeutically modulated using precision medicine with statins.
Routine ICU admission after brain tumor surgery: retrospective validation and critical appraisal of two prediction scores
Authors: Neumann Jan-Oliver , Schmidt Stephanie , Nohman Amin , Jakobs Martin , Unterberg Andreas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Routine admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) following brain tumor surgery has been a common practice for many years. Although this practice has been challenged by many authors, it has still not changed widely, mainly due to the lack of reliable data for preoperative risk assessment. Motivated by this dilemma, risk prediction scores for postoperative complications following brain tumor surgery have been developed recently. In order to improve the ICU admission policy at our institution, we assessed the applicability, performance, and safety of the two most appropriate risk prediction scores.

Methods
One thousand consecutive adult patients undergoing elective brain tumor resection within 19 months were included. Patients with craniotomy for other causes, i.e., cerebral aneurysms and microvascular decompression, were excluded. The decision for postoperative ICU-surveillance was made by joint judgment of the operating surgeon and the anesthesiologist. All data and features relevant to the scores were extracted from clinical records and subsequent ICU or neurosurgical floor documentation was inspected for any postoperative adverse events requiring ICU admission. The CranioScore derived by Cinotti et al. (Anesthesiology 129(6):1111–20, 5) and the risk assessment score of Munari et al. (Acta Neurochir (Wien) 164(3):635–641, 15) were calculated and prognostic performance was evaluated by ROC analysis.

Results
In our cohort, both scores showed only a weak prognostic performance: the CranioScore reached a ROC-AUC of 0.65, while Munari et al.’s score achieved a ROC-AUC of 0.67. When applying the recommended decision thresholds for ICU admission, 64% resp. 68% of patients would be classified as in need of ICU surveillance, and the negative predictive value (NPV) would be 91% for both scores. Lowering the thresholds in order to increase patient safety, i.e., 95% NPV, would lead to ICU admission rates of over 85%.

Conclusion
Performance of both scores was limited in our cohort. In practice, neither would achieve a significant reduction in ICU admission rates, whereas the number of patients suffering complications at the neurosurgical ward would increase. In future, better risk assessment measures are needed.
The state-of-practice in requirements specification: an extended interview study at 12 companies
Authors: Franch Xavier , Palomares Cristina , Quer Carme , Chatzipetrou Panagiota , Gorschek Tony 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRequirements specification is a core activity in the requirements engineering phase of a software development project. Researchers have contributed extensively to the field of requirements specification, but the extent to which their proposals have been adopted in practice remains unclear. We gathered evidence about the state of practice in requirements specification by focussing on the artefacts used in this activity, the application of templates or guidelines, how requirements are structured in the specification document, what tools practitioners use to specify requirements, and what challenges they face. We conducted an interview-based survey study involving 24 practitioners from 12 different Swedish IT companies. We recorded the interviews and analysed these recordings, primarily by using qualitative methods. Natural language constitutes the main specification artefact but is usually accompanied by some other type of instrument. Most requirements specifications use templates or guidelines, although they seldom follow any fixed standard. Requirements are always structured in the document according to the main functionalities of the system or to project areas or system parts. Different types of tools, including MS Office tools, are used, either individually or combined, in the compilation of requirements specifications. We also note that challenges related to the use of natural language (dealing with ambiguity, inconsistency, and incompleteness) are the most frequent challenges that practitioners face in the compilation of requirements specifications. These findings are contextualized in terms of demographic factors related to the individual interviewees, the organization they are affiliated with, and the project they selected to discuss during our interviews. A number of our findings have been previously reported in related studies. These findings show that, in spite of the large number of notations, models and tools proposed from academia for improving requirements specification, practitioners still mainly rely on plain natural language and general-purpose tool support. We expect more empirical studies in this area in order to better understand the reason of this low adoption of research results.
Short-term and long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on child psychological well-being: a four-wave longitudinal study
Authors: Essler Samuel , Christner Natalie , Paulus Markus 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs the COVID-19 pandemic further unfolds, it becomes a key theoretical and practical question to identify trajectories of child psychological well-being and to explore risk and resilience factors for developmental adjustment. The current study addressed this research gap by means of an ecological design: A (lockdown)–B (relaxation)–B (relaxation)–A (lockdown). We collected parental reports via online questionnaires over four measurement occasions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany (non-probabilistic sample): from the first lockdown (T1—spring 2020, N = 1769) to the following period of relaxation (T2—summer 2020, n = 873; T3—fall 2020, n = 729) on to the second lockdown (T4—winter 2020/21, n = 748). Key measures at T1–T4 were child emotional and behavioral problems as well as hyperactivity, child emotional and family-related well-being, parental strain, and parent–child relationship quality. We found evidence for quadratic growth models. While child problem behaviors (b = 0.32, p < 0.001) and emotional well-being (b = − 0.33, p < 0.001) improved after the first lockdown during subsequent periods of relaxation before worsening again in the second lockdown, child family-related well-being steadily decreased over all four measurement points (T1–T2: p < 0.001; T2–T3: p = 0.045; T3–T4: p = 0.030). Importantly, parental stress emerged as a strong risk factor (ps < 0.11) and the parent–child relationship quality constituted a resilience factor (p = 0.049) for child psychological well-being. These findings have major implications for policies aiming to further child health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Inv3D: a high-resolution 3D invoice dataset for template-guided single-image document unwarping
Authors: Hertlein Felix , Naumann Alexander , Philipp Patrick 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNumerous business workflows involve printed forms, such as invoices or receipts, which are often manually digitalized to persistently search or store the data. As hardware scanners are costly and inflexible, smartphones are increasingly used for digitalization. Here, processing algorithms need to deal with prevailing environmental factors, such as shadows or crumples. Current state-of-the-art approaches learn supervised image dewarping models based on pairs of raw images and rectification meshes. The available results show promising predictive accuracies for dewarping, but generated errors still lead to sub-optimal information retrieval. In this paper, we explore the potential of improving dewarping models using additional, structured information in the form of invoice templates. We provide two core contributions: (1) a novel dataset, referred to as Inv3D, comprising synthetic and real-world high-resolution invoice images with structural templates, rectification meshes, and a multiplicity of per-pixel supervision signals and (2) a novel image dewarping algorithm, which extends the state-of-the-art approach GeoTr to leverage structural templates using attention. Our extensive evaluation includes an implementation of DewarpNet and shows that exploiting structured templates can improve the performance for image dewarping. We report superior performance for the proposed algorithm on our new benchmark for all metrics, including an improved local distortion of 26.1 %. We made our new dataset and all code publicly available athttps://felixhertlein.github.io/inv3d.
Designing augmented reality for future commercial aviation: a user-requirement analysis with commercial aviation pilots
Authors: Blundell James , Harris Don 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAugmented reality (AR) capable head-mounted displays (HMDs) have been proposed as technological enablers of several complex future flight concepts, which will bring accompanying pilot situation awareness (SA) and operational safety enhancements. However, relevant aviation design guidance concerning the implementation of modern HMD technologies and AR symbology is sparse. Consequently, the current study describes an SA grounded user-requirements analysis of operational applications for HMD technologies and AR symbology, with the intention of providing inputs for future designs of commercial aviation systems. In addition, insights from the study are relevant for AR design more generally. Endsley’s three-level SA model (1988) was applied as a framework to focus group discussions with eleven aviation subject matter experts. Thematic analysis highlighted multiple operational scenarios where HMD technology and AR may enhance SA, along with the requirements of the technologies to provide these relevant advantages. In future, more detailed user-centred design recommendations should be sought for the specific applications identified within the current study.
Incidence, seasonal pattern, and clinical manifestations of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis bacteremia; a population-based study
Authors: Nevanlinna Viivi , Huttunen Reetta , Aittoniemi Janne , Luukkaala Tiina , Rantala Sari 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) is a human pathogen causing severe invasive infections. Population-based studies on SDSE bacteremia are limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence, seasonal pattern, clinical manifestations, and recurrence of SDSE bacteraemia. Records regarding patients aged ≥ 18 years with SDSE bacteremia in the Pirkanmaa health district in August 2015 to July 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 230 SDSE bacteremia episodes were identified, with 217 episodes (involving 211 patients) available for analysis. The mean annual incidence rate of SDSE bacteremia was 16.9/100 000 inhabitants. Most episodes (33%) were detected in the summer (June to August) (p = 0.058). Episodes with bacteremic cellulitis were statistically significantly more common during the summer compared with other seasons (p = 0.008). Cellulitis was the most common presenting clinical manifestation of SDSE bacteremia (68% of all episodes). Risk factors of recurring bacteremia were chronic eczema and/or skin erosion (OR 3.96 [95% CI 1.11–14.1]), heart disease (OR 3.56 [95% CI 1.22–10.4]), diabetes (OR 3.77 [95% CI 1.35–10.5]) and a history of cellulitis. We found a remarkably high incidence of SDSE bacteraemia in the Pirkanmaa health district. Bacteraemic cellulitis, which was the predominant clinical manifestation is more often occurred in the summer. Risk factors of recurring SDSE bacteremia were a history of cellulitis, chronic eczema or skin erosion, diabetes, and heart disease.
Cybersecurity knowledge graphs
Authors: Sikos Leslie F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCybersecurity knowledge graphs, which represent cyber-knowledge with a graph-based data model, provide holistic approaches for processing massive volumes of complex cybersecurity data derived from diverse sources. They can assist security analysts to obtain cyberthreat intelligence, achieve a high level of cyber-situational awareness, discover new cyber-knowledge, visualize networks, data flow, and attack paths, and understand data correlations by aggregating and fusing data. This paper reviews the most prominent graph-based data models used in this domain, along with knowledge organization systems that define concepts and properties utilized in formal cyber-knowledge representation for both background knowledge and specific expert knowledge about an actual system or attack. It is also discussed how cybersecurity knowledge graphs enable machine learning and facilitate automated reasoning over cyber-knowledge.
Recurrence of arteriovenous malformations of the brain after complete surgical resection. Kuopio University Hospital experience and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Järvelin Patrik , Pekonen Henri , Koivisto Timo , Frösen Juhana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTreatment for arteriovenous malformations of the brain (bAVMs) aims to achieve complete removal or occlusion of the lesion in order to eradicate the risk of rupture and subsequent morbidity associated with these lesions. Despite initially successful treatment, bAVMs may carry a risk of recurrence especially in younger patients. We studied the rate of recurrence of surgically treated bAVMs at Kuopio University Hospital (KUH) in 1981–2021. The study population was collected retrospectively from KUH databases and presented a cohort of 135 surgically treated bAVMs with complete occlusion of the lesion. We also performed a systematic literature review on this topic. In our series, 6 out of 135 (4.4%) patients with angiographically confirmed removal of the lesion later developed a recurrent bAVM with a median time to diagnosis of recurrence of 7.46 years. In pediatric patients, the rate was 5 out of 17 (29.4%). bAVM recurrence was associated with age (p = 0.001) and initial hemorrhagic presentation (p = 0.039). Median age of the study population was 37 years (min 0, max 70), and 51/135 (37.8%) of the patients were female. Seventeen (12.6%) of the 135 bAVM patients were considered pediatric (18 years old or younger) at the time of the operation. In the literature review, 79 of 1739 (4.5%) of surgically treated patients later developed a recurrence with a mean delay of 3.1 years until diagnosis of recurrence. Young surgically treated bAVM patients with a hemorrhagic presentation at initial diagnosis are at a relatively high risk of bAVM recurrence. Follow-up imaging should be arranged for these patients in order to prevent rupture from a recurrent bAVM and subsequent morbidity.
Oblique lumbar interbody fusion versus minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yun-lu , Li Xi-yong , Liu Lun , Li Song-feng , Han Peng-fei , Li Xiao-dong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis meta-analysis compared the efficacy of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. A computer search for the published literature on OLIF and MIS-TLIF for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and other databases was performed, from which 522 related articles were retrieved and 13 were finally included. Two reviewers independently extracted data from the included studies and analyzed them using RevMan 5.4. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane systematic analysis and the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Meta-analysis showed that the blood loss [95% confidence intervals (CI) (− 121.01, − 54.56), $$P<0.001$$

P
<
0.001

], hospital stay [95% CI (− 1.98, − 0.85), $$P<0.001$$

P
<
0.001

], postoperative fusion rate [95%CI (1.04, 3.60), $$P=0.04$$

P
=
0.04

], postoperative disc height [95% CI (0.50, 3.63), $$P=0.01$$

P
=
0.01

], and postoperative foraminal height [95% CI (0.96, 4.13), $$P=0.002$$

P
=
0.002

] were all better in the OLIF group; however, the complication rates were significantly lower in the MIS-TLIF group [95% CI (1.01, 2.06), $$P=0.04$$

P
=
0.04

]. However, there were no significant differences between the two in terms of surgery time, patient satisfaction, or postoperative functional scores. The OLIF group had the advantages of lower blood loss, a shorter hospital stay, a higher postoperative fusion rate, and better recovery of the disc and foraminal heights, whereas MIS-TLIF had a relatively lower complication rate.