bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Tree Health in the Pematangsiantar Animal Park, North Sumatra Province
Authors: Rozalina Rozalina , Nurrachmania Meylida , Pangaribuan Ryandi Goklas 
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine acquire data on the species composition and structure of trees, as well as to analyze the health of trees growing in the Pematangsiantar Animal Park. Using the census approach, data collection was conducted. The health state of trees was determined using the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method, which measures tree health by categorizing the kind and severity of damage per every plant. Two indicators are utilized to measure tree health: tree damage and tree crown condition. The method of data collection was conducted on trees with a minimum diameter of 20 centimeters. Techniques of data analysis consisting of descriptive and weighted scoring. At the Pematangsiantar Animal Park, there are 49 species of trees and a total of 153 unique trees. Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni) is the most prevalent tree species, with 21 specimens. The health state of the trees in the Pematangsiantar Animal Park included 48 trees with a healthy status, 93 trees with bad (unhealthy) status, and 12 trees with a sick status, however none were discovered to be in a very sick condition
The Effect of Basil Leaves (Ocimum sanctum L.) as Natural Preservative for Mackerel (Rastrellinger sp.)
Authors: Rahmiati Rahmiati , Nurtjahja Kiki , Nasution MHD. Fauzi 
Published: May 2023

Basil is a plant that can be used as a traditional medicine. One part of the basil plant used as an alternative medicine is the leaves. Basil leaves contain active compounds, including flavonoids, saponins, tanins, and essensial oils. These active compounds is able to prevent the presence of pathogenic bacteria that can accelerate food spoilage, so that basil leaves can be used as an alternative natural preservative. The objective of the study was to determine the ability of basil leaves as a natural preservative for mackerel. The research was carried out in vitro, by observing the physical, chemical, and microbiological characteristicts of mackerel which were treated 8 hours of soaking basil leaf extract. Variations in the concentration of basil leaves used were 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. The results showed that the physical quality of the 8-hour storage samples showed changes in the physical quality of the fish, as seen from the color, eyes, gills, mucus, aroma and texture. The microbioloical quality of fish was analyzed by the total plate number method. The total number of bacteria decreased as the concentration of basil leaf extract increased
Effectiveness Microcapsules From Auxin Producing-Endophite Bacteria As Biofertilizer in Tea (Camellia sinensis L)
Authors: Zit Sigit Indra , Warsito Kabul , Refnizuida Refnizuida 
Published: May 2023

Tea (Camellia sinensis L), is a popular agricultural product enjoyed by people around the world. Bio-fertilizers that use bacteria found in soil called endophytes, have proven effective for increasing growth and plant productivity. Endophite bacteria can also produce growth hormones such as auxins, ethylene, and cytokinins. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of auxin-producing endophytic bacterial microcapsules on tea growth. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD), 16 treatments with 2 replications. The first factor was immersion of endophite bacterial suspension consisting of S0 = 0 hours; S1 = 24 hours; S2 = 36 hours and S3 = 48 hours and the second factor was the addition of microcapsules consisting of I0 = 0 gr; I1 = 5 gr; I2 = 10 gr; I3 = 15 gr. Isolation from tea roots and stems obtained 6 isolates of endophite bacteria. Auxin test showed that the six isolates were able to produce auxin. Observation of plant height showed that the best treatment was in treatment I3 (17.04 cm). Observation of leaves amount was in treatment I3 (6.88 strands). For the leaf area parameter, the highest number was in the S1 treatment (22.8 cm2). For stem diameter parameter, highest data was in treatment I2 (1.69 mm). The test results showed that the application of suspension and endophite bacteria microcapsules significantly increased the growth of tea.
Bhakti Sosial Penyaluran Benih Cabai Merah sebagai Upaya Mendorong Pemanfaatan Pekarangan Rumah di Desa Mekarwangi
Authors: Fauzi Asep Mu’mar , Ubaedilah Dasep Supriatna , Basuni Ahmad , Maarif De Samsul , Hidayat Anwar , Handayani Fitri 
Published: May 2023

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mendorong warga masyarakat untuk menanam tanaman cabai sebagai upaya pemanfaatan pekarangan rumah yang ada di RT 03 Dusun Pasir Petey. Sejauh ini program KKN yang ada belum menyentuh ranah bhakti sosial seperti ini. Metode pelaksanaan program KKN ini diawali dengan observasi lokasi, silaturahim ke Dusun pasir petey Rt 03 dengan menggali potensi dan program yang sesuai di Dusun Pasir Petey. Metode yang digunakan di dalam kegiatan ini adalah bakti sosial. Bakti sosial dilakukan dengan cara sosialisasi door to door ke rumah masing-masing warga. Pada saat sosialisasi, tim KKN juga memberikan bibit cabe kepada warga. Tim juga memberikan media tanam yang sudah diolah oleh Tim bersama warga setempat. Kegiatan ini berhasil membuat bibit tanaman sebagai bentuk penanaman benih cabai sebanyak 300 bibit tanaman beserta media tanamnya dan diserahkan secara gratis kepada warga Rt 03 Dusun pasir Petey. Kegiatan ini mendapatkan respon yang sangat baik terbukti dengan antusiasme perangkat desa dan juga masyarakat dalam proses awal hingga akhir program penanaman cabai merah di pekarangan rumah yang dilaksanakan oleh kelompok KKN 09.
Anisotropic Energy Transfer and Conversion in Magnetized Compressible Turbulence
Authors: Du Senbei , Li Hui , Fu Xiangrong , Gan Zhaoming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We present a spatial filtering (or coarse-graining) analysis on 3D magnetized magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence simulations. The filtered compressible MHD formulae show transfer of kinetic and magnetic energies from large to small scales, as well as energy conversion between kinetic, magnetic, and thermal energies. The anisotropic filtering enables separate analyses of the energy flows perpendicular and parallel to the global mean magnetic field. Anisotropy in energy cascade is demonstrated by the larger perpendicular energy cascade rate and also the larger perpendicular wavenumbers associated with the peak energy transfer rate. We also find that the “inertial range” along the parallel (perpendicular) direction in the anisotropic energy cascade formulation is no longer strictly dissipation-free, because it includes the dissipation in the perpendicular (parallel) direction. A change in the driving force (kinetic only versus kinetic and magnetic) affects the energy conversion between kinetic and magnetic energies. While the compressibility of the driving force changes the partition of different channels of energy transfer and conversion, and also increases the total energy transfer rate, the global energy flow remains unaffected by compressibility qualitatively. Our analysis can be applied to multispacecraft observations of turbulence in the solar wind or a planetary magnetosphere.
Assessment of the Clinical Outcomes of Single Visit Regenerative Endodontic Procedure In Treating Necrotic Mature Teeth with Apical Periodontitis Using Biological Irrigating Solution
Authors: Nassar Maha Ahmed , Roshdy Nehal Nabil , Kataia Mohamed , Mousa Hadeel , Sabet Nihal 
Published: May 2023

Aim: to observe the effect of propolis and its nano counterpart when used as final irrigation materials and compare them to the conventionally used EDTA and saline on the clinical outcomes of necrotic mature anterior teeth with apical periodontitis after treating them using regenerative endodontic procedure.
Methodology: 84 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Access cavity was prepared, rubber dam isolation was done. Mechanical preparation was performed up to #60 using K-files. Final irrigation procedure was done as follows:
Group A (Control ): Final irrigation was done using saline (3ml/min) followed by 17% EDTA solution (20 mL/canal, 5 min).
Group B (comparator 1): Final irrigation was done using propolis[1] irrigation (20 mL/canal, 5 min).
Group C (comparator 2): Final irrigation was done using Nano-propolis[2] irrigation (20 mL/canal, 5 min).
Bleeding was then induced, PRF was placed in the canals, followed by Collacote[3] and Bio-dentine[4] placement. Patients were recalled after 6 and 12 months. Teeth were checked for sensibility using electric pulp tester and thermal tests. All data was analysed using Kruskal Wallis test.
Results: All of the 84 patients (100%) within the 3 groups showed both clinical success and survival. Using Kruskal Wallis, there was no statistically significant difference among the three groups (p=1). Two teeth in the nano propolis group responded positively to thermal test at 12 months follow up. None of the teeth in the three tested groups (100%) responded to the
electric pulp test at 12 months. There was nostatistically significant difference between the three groups(p=1)
Conclusion: within the limitation of the study, single visit regenerative endodontics can be used to treat necrotic mature teeth with apical periodontitis and a periapical lesion.
Key words: Regenerative endodontics, single visit regeneration, propolis, Nano-propolis, Platelet-rich fibrin

[1] Propolis: Imtinan/Cairo, Egypt
[2] Nanopropolis: NanoTech/Cairo/Egypt
[3] Collacote: Collacote/Zimmer/Indiana /USA
[4] Biodentine: Acrostone/Cairo/Egypt
The Effect of Nutrition Counseling on Mother’s Knowledge and Nutrition Information in Autistic Children in Banda Aceh City
Authors: Mulyani Nunung Sri , Arnisam Arnisam , Andriani Andriani , Fitrianingsih Eva , Hadi Abdul , Al Rahmad Agus Hendra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (Autism Spectrum Disorder), commonly abbreviated as ASD or autism, is a condition of neurodevelopmental brain disorder that causes sufferers to experience difficulties in communicating and socializing. Parents go through difficult phases after their child is diagnosed with ASD. Therefore, increasing the knowledge capacity of parents and nutritional intake in autistic children is very important. Children with autism often experience a lack of certain nutrients that affect the growth, development, and fulfillment of specific nutritional needs.

AIM: Analyzing the Effect of Nutrition Counseling on Mother's Knowledge and Nutrient Intake in Autistic Children in Banda Aceh City

Methods: The research design used in this study was quasi-experimental with a pre-posttest observational approach. This research was conducted in four locations, namely the Autism Child Service Center, The Nanny Children Center (TNCC), Bintang Kecil, and My Hope Special Need Center from October to December 2021 in Banda Aceh. The sample in this study was the entire population, which amounted to 30 children with autism—analysis of the data using univariate and bivariate using the T-test dependent.
.
Results: From the results of statistical tests, it is known that there is a significant effect of nutritional counseling on mothers' knowledge and intake of gluten and casein sources of food in autistic children with p-value < 0.05). Nutritional counseling has been shown to increase maternal knowledge. The average knowledge of mothers before nutrition counseling was 84.56 and after 88.62. The average intake of gluten and casein sources before nutritional counseling was 82.59 and after 77.12.

CONCLUSION: There
The Cyprus Herp Atlas: An initiative for systematic recording of amphibian and reptile occurrences in Cyprus
Authors: Zotos Savvas , Stamatiou Marilena , Vogiatzakis Ioannis 
Published: May 2023

Even though the reptiles and amphibians of Cyprus are of scientific and conservation importance and although several books, guides and scientific reports have been published the past 30 years, there is a clear absence of a systematic recording and archiving scheme of all available data in a structural database. Towards this end, the Cyprus Herp (= reptiles and amphibians) Atlas has been developed. The Atlas constitutes the first effort to collect all existing locality data of the herpetofauna species of the island (i.e. scientific reports, books, journals, grey literature) in a single database and simultaneously promote a citizen-science approach in order to collect and constantly update the database with new records.
The website of the Atlas contains basic educational and informational material for the public, along with the visibility tool of the database in the form of occurrence maps, in 5 km x 5 km grid cells, openly available for download in kmz format. The Atlas is a powerful tool for citizens, scientists and decision-makers, aiming to contribute to the study and conservation of the reptile and amphibian species of Cyprus. In this short communication, we give details on the structure of the Atlas.
Screening the Synergistic Components of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition from Phellodendron Bark Based on Fingerprint-Activity Relationship Modeling
Authors: Zhou Hong-Shan , Luo Qi-Ming , Lin Xiao-Bing , Zhu Chuan-Sheng , Li Ping , Gao Wen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective:

Phellodendron chinense (PC) bark and Phellodendron amurense (PA) bark are two herbal medicines recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition) that are easily mistaken for one another. In this study, the chemical constituents of PC and PA were compared using chromatographic fingerprints, and the potential synergistic acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor components were screened based on the correlation of fingerprint activity.

Materials and Methods:
Chromatographic fingerprints based on high-performance liquid chromatography were developed for the analysis and comparison of chemical compounds in PC and PA samples. The AChE inhibitory activity of PC and PA was determined using the Ellman method. Subsequently, the contribution of the characterized alkaloids in PC and PA to the overall AChE inhibition was modeled using partial least squares regression (PLSR).

Results:
The total alkaloid content in PC was higher than that in PA, which causes PC to have stronger anti-AChE activity. Overall, 13 and 20 common peaks were identified in the PC and PA samples, respectively. Among them, berberine (BER) was the dominant alkaloid in PC, which covered more than 65% of the total peak area in PC, but only approximately 25% of that in PA, indicating that the chemical composition is different between PC and PA. The spectrum–effect analysis based on PLSR and the correlation analysis showed that the BER-palmatine (PAL) and BER-jatrorrhizine (JAT) pairs have a synergistic inhibitory effect on AChE activity.

Conclusions:
A high-performance chromatographic fingerprint was established to distinguish PC and PA. The efficacy-associated markers were screened, including the pairs of BER-PAL and BER-JAT with anti-AChE activity, and the findings may assist with the quality control of PA and PC.
Pedigree Analysis of Polycystic Kidney Disease Patients: Bangladeshi Perspective
Authors: Akther Zohora , Amee Samira Sultana , Masum Md. Mohiuddin , Nishat Latifa , Yesmin Zinnat Ara 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD), an inheritance disorder which is the fourth leading cause of the end-stage renal disease. The inheritance pattern can be diagnosed and confirmed by pedigree analysis. The aim of the present research was to determine the type and frequency of PKD using pedigree analysis.

Materials and Methods:
The present research was designed as a cross-sectional descriptive study. Thirty-eight adult Bangladeshi PKD patients were recruited using a selection checklist from the Department of Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected using a data collection sheet after taking informed written consent. The pedigree was drawn using the genetic pedigree chart creation software f-tree V4.0.6. The percentage frequencies of different types of pedigree were calculated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, version 23.

Results:
A total of 24 (63.20%) had a positive family history and 36.80% (14) had no positive family history. All of the patients with a positive family history had vertical transmission; male and female were equally inheriting the gene. Out of these 24 patients, 4.17% (one), 8.33% (two), and 16.67% (four) had a homozygous/heterozygous state, skip generation, and male to male transmission, respectively.

Conclusions:
Pedigree analysis of PKD patients showed an increased value in early diagnosis and better management and prognosis of the disease.
Association of COVID-19 ‘circuit breaker’ with higher rates of elderly trauma admissions
Authors: Liew Yee Har , Liu Zhenghong , Lim Mian Jie , Chong Pei Leng , Jainodin Norhayati Bte Mohamed , Peh Teng Teng , Chan Jing Jing , Mathur Sachin , Wee Jeremy Choon Peng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
In December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) virus emerged and caused a worldwide pandemic, leading to measures being imposed by many countries to reduce its transmission. Singapore implemented the ‘circuit breaker’, which restricted all movements except for access to necessities and healthcare services. We aimed to investigate the impact of lockdown measures on the pattern of trauma and its effects.

Methods:
An observational, retrospective, single-centre descriptive study was conducted using the trauma registry in Singapore General Hospital. It included patients above 18 years old who presented to the emergency department with trauma and were subsequently admitted. Patients admitted from 1 February 2020 to 31 July 2020 and those admitted during the same timeframe in 2019 were studied. Subgroup analyses were performed for patients aged ≥65 years and those <65 years.

Results:
A total of 1,037 patients were included for analysis. A 17.6% increase in trauma presentations was seen from 2019 to 2020. Patients aged ≥65 years accounted for the rise in admissions. The predominant mechanism of injury was falls at home for older patients and vehicular accidents in patients <65 years. There were no significant differences in injury severity score, intensive care/high-dependency unit admission rates, length of stay, mortality rate, and subsequent need for inpatient rehabilitation.

Conclusion:
Our study provided information on differences in trauma presentations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further studies are required to better inform on additional precautionary measures needed to reduce trauma and improve safety during future lockdowns and pandemics.
Knowledge about Chagas Disease among Family and Community Medicine Residents in a Non-Endemic Region: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ramos-Rincón José-Manuel , Mira-Solves José-Joaquín , Crespo-Mateos Patricia , Oyarzabal Milagros , Pérez-Ortiz Clara-Isabel , Ramos-Sesma Violeta , Navarro Miriam 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT.
Chagas disease (CD) is a parasitic disease endemic to continental Latin America that has globalized in recent years. The most relevant mechanisms of transmission of CD in non-endemic countries are transfusion with infected blood and mother-to-child transmission. There is limited information regarding practicing physicians’ knowledge of CD transmission, clinical presentation, and treatment in non-endemic countries, including Spain. Our objective was to analyze the level of knowledge about CD in family and community medicine residents and how it has evolved over the last 5 years. A cross-sectional study was performed in the framework of the training program for family and community medicine specialists in Alicante, Spain. Convenience sampling was used to enroll 214 fourth-year family and community medicine residents from 2016 to 2020. Participants completed the validated Chagas Level of Knowledge Scale questionnaire prior to attending the seminar “Health Care for the Immigrant Population.” The mean score on the scale was 7.1/10 points. Only 12 participants (5.6%) answered all questions correctly. Resident physicians who reported having received prior information on CD scored better than those who were not informed (mean, 7.2 versus 6.1 points). Participants from Latin America had scores similar to those of the rest of the participants. Over the 5-year study period, questionnaire scores tended to increase. Knowledge about CD among family and community medicine residents has improved in recent years, although it is still not optimal. Specific training on CD during specialized health care training is warranted.
Acceptability, Feasibility, Drug Safety, and Effectiveness of a Pilot Mass Drug Administration with a Single Round of Sulfadoxine–Pyrimethamine Plus Primaquine and Indoor Residual Spraying in Communities with Malaria Transmission in Haiti, 2018
Authors: Chang Michelle A. , Impoinvil Daniel , Hamre Karen E. S. , Dalexis Paul-Emile , Mérilien Jean-Baptiste , Dismer Amber M. , Fouché Bernadette , Desir Luccene , Holmes Kathleen , Lafortune Willy , Herman Camelia , Rogier Eric , Noland Gregory S. , Young Alyssa J. , Druetz Thomas , Ashton Ruth , Eisele Thomas P. , Cohen Justin , van den Hoogen Lotus , Stresman Gillian , Drakeley Chris , Pothin Emilie , Cameron Ewan , Battle Katherine E. , Williamson John , Telfort Marc-Aurèle , Lemoine Jean Frantz 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT.
For a malaria elimination strategy, Haiti’s National Malaria Control Program piloted a mass drug administration (MDA) with indoor residual spraying (IRS) in 12 high-transmission areas across five communes after implementing community case management and strengthened surveillance. The MDA distributed sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine and single low-dose primaquine to eligible residents during house visits. The IRS campaign applied pirimiphos–methyl insecticide on walls of eligible houses. Pre- and post-campaign cross-sectional surveys were conducted to assess acceptability, feasibility, drug safety, and effectiveness of the combined interventions. Stated acceptability for MDA before the campaign was 99.2%; MDA coverage estimated at 10 weeks post-campaign was 89.6%. Similarly, stated acceptability of IRS at baseline was 99.9%; however, household IRS coverage was 48.9% because of the high number of ineligible houses. Effectiveness measured by Plasmodium falciparum prevalence at baseline and 10 weeks post-campaign were similar: 1.31% versus 1.43%, respectively. Prevalence of serological markers were similar at 10 weeks post-campaign compared with baseline, and increased at 6 months. No severe adverse events associated with the MDA were identified in the pilot; there were severe adverse events in a separate, subsequent campaign. Both MDA and IRS are acceptable and feasible interventions in Haiti. Although a significant impact of a single round of MDA/IRS on malaria transmission was not found using a standard pre- and post-intervention comparison, it is possible there was blunting of the peak transmission. Seasonal malaria transmission patterns, suboptimal IRS coverage, and low baseline parasitemia may have limited the effectiveness or the ability to measure effectiveness.