bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual‐force‐guided intraoperative ultrasound scanning with online lesion location prediction: A phantom study
Authors: Niu Baoshan , Yang Dapeng , Wang Peng , Yang Haonan , Zhang Le , Gu Yikun , Jiang Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn ultrasound‐guided minimally invasive surgery (MIS) of tumours, it is crucial to discover the optimal scanning plane (OSP) and organise the MIS scalpel work trajectory in this plane. The OSP can be altered and is challenging to track when the scalpel interacts with deformed tissues. Therefore, tracking the OSP becomes critical in MIS. In master‐slave control, virtual force (VF) is used to assist the operator in completing the task. However, most literature assumes that the environment is sufficiently stable. No specific method focuses on tracking the OSP of the lesion within largely deformed tissues.MethodsThis paper used the improved artificial potential field method to establish the VF that could guide the operator to track the OSP. When tissue deformation occurred, an artificial neural network (ANN) was used to predict the target position, guiding the operator to find the new OSP. An experimental robot platform was built to verify the proposed algorithm's effects. Experiments to track the OSP were performed on a phantom.ResultsThe results showed that the presented method could reduce the trajectory redundancy of ultrasonic scanning, shorten the time of OSP discovery and tracking, and decrease the deviation between the ultrasonic scanning position and the OSP.ConclusionsThis method has significance for the accurate localization and successful removal of tumours. Future work will focus on improving the adaptability of the proposed ANN prediction model in different phantoms.
Battery‐Free, Wireless, Ionic Liquid Sensor Arrays to Monitor Pressure and Temperature of Patients in Bed and Wheelchair
Authors: Han Hyeonseok , Oh Yong Suk , Cho Seokjoo , Park Hyunwoo , Lee Sung‐Uk , Ko Kabseok , Park Jae‐Man , Choi Jungrak , Ha Ji‐Hwan , Han Chankyu , Zhao Zichen , Liu Zhuangjian , Xie Zhaoqian , Lee Je‐Sang , Min Weon Gi , Lee Byeong‐Ju , Koo Jahyun , Choi Dong Yun , Je Minkyu , Sun Jeong‐Yun , Park Inkyu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRepositioning is a common guideline for the prevention of pressure injuries of bedridden or wheelchair patients. However, frequent repositioning could deteriorate the quality of patient's life and induce secondary injuries. This paper introduces a method for continuous multi‐site monitoring of pressure and temperature distribution from strategically deployed sensor arrays at skin interfaces via battery‐free, wireless ionic liquid pressure sensors. The wirelessly delivered power enables stable operation of the ionic liquid pressure sensor, which shows enhanced sensitivity, negligible hysteresis, high linearity and cyclic stability over relevant pressure range. The experimental investigations of the wireless devices, verified by numerical simulation of the key responses, support capabilities for real‐time, continuous, long‐term monitoring of the pressure and temperature distribution from multiple sensor arrays. Clinical trials on two hemiplegic patients confined on bed or wheelchair integrated with the system demonstrate the feasibility of sensor arrays for a decrease in pressure and temperature distribution under minimal repositioning.
SMEFTs living on the edge: determining the UV theories from positivity and extremality
Authors: Zhang Cen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We study the “inverse problem” in the context of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT): how and to what extend can one reconstruct the UV theory, given the measured values of the operator coefficients in the IR? The main obstacle of this problem is the degeneracies in the space of coefficients: a given SMEFT truncated at a finite dimension can be mapped to infinitely many UV theories. We discuss these degeneracies at the dimension-8 level, and show that positivity bounds play a crucial role in the inverse problem. In particular, the degeneracies either vanish or become significantly limited for SMEFTs that live on or close to the positivity bounds. The UV particles of these SMEFTs, and their properties such as spin, charge, other quantum numbers, and interactions with the SM particles, can often be uniquely determined, assuming dimension-8 coefficients are measured. The allowed region for SMEFTs, which forms a convex cone, can be systematically constructed by enumerating its generators. We show that a geometric notion, extremality, conveniently connects the positivity problem with the inverse problem. We discuss the implications of a SMEFT living on an extremal ray, on a k-face, and on the vertex of the positive cone. We also show that the information of the dimension-8 coefficients can be used to set exclusion limits on all individual UV states that interact with the SM, independent of specific model assumptions. Our results indicate that the dimension-8 operators encode much more information about the UV than one would naively expect, which can be used to reverse engineer the UV physics from the SMEFT.
Bioenergetic changes in response to sperm capacitation and two-way metabolic compensation in a new murine model
Authors: Tourmente Maximiliano , Sansegundo Ester , Rial Eduardo , Roldan Eduardo R. S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe acquisition of fertilizing ability by mammalian spermatozoa, known as “capacitation,” includes processes that depend on particular metabolic pathways. This has led to the hypothesis that ATP demands might differ between capacitated and non-capacitated cells. Mouse sperm can produce ATP via OXPHOS and aerobic glycolysis, an advantageous characteristic considering that these cells have to function in the complex and variable environment of the female reproductive tract. Nonetheless, despite evidence showing that both metabolic pathways play a role in events associated with mouse sperm capacitation, there is contradictory evidence regarding changes promoted by capacitation in this species. In addition, the vast majority of studies regarding murine sperm metabolism use Mus musculus laboratory strains as model, thus neglecting the wide diversity of sperm traits of other species of Mus. Focus on closely related species with distinct evolutionary histories, which may be the result of different selective pressures, could shed light on diversity of metabolic processes. Here, we analyzed variations in sperm bioenergetics associated with capacitation in spermatozoa of the steppe mouse, Mus spicilegus, a species with high sperm performance. Furthermore, we compared sperm metabolic traits of this species with similar traits previously characterized in M. musculus. We found that the metabolism of M. spicilegus sperm responded to capacitation in a manner similar to that of M. musculus sperm. However, M. spicilegus sperm showed distinct metabolic features, including the ability to perform cross-pathway metabolic compensation in response to either respiratory or glycolytic inhibition, thus revealing a delicate fine-tuning of its metabolic capacities.
Evaluations of annular Khovanov–Rozansky homology
Authors: Gorsky Eugene , Wedrich Paul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe describe the universal target of annular Khovanov–Rozansky link homology functors as the homotopy category of a free symmetric monoidal linear category generated by one object and one endomorphism. This categorifies the ring of symmetric functions and admits categorical analogues of plethystic transformations, which we use to characterize the annular invariants of Coxeter braids. Further, we prove the existence of symmetric group actions on the Khovanov–Rozansky invariants of cabled tangles and we introduce spectral sequences that aid in computing the homologies of generalized Hopf links. Finally, we conjecture a characterization of the horizontal traces of Rouquier complexes of Coxeter braids in other types.
A Scoping Review of Hyaluronidase Use in Managing the Complications of Aesthetic Interventions
Authors: Borzabadi-Farahani Ali , Mosahebi Afshin , Zargaran David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Hyaluronidase is used as an adjunct or main treatment to manage complications associated with cosmetic hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injections such as necrosis, blindness, hypersensitivity, delayed nodules, and poor aesthetic outcomes.

Objective
To systematically map the available evidence and identify the gaps in knowledge on the effectiveness of hyaluronidase use in managing the aesthetic complications associated with HA injections (vascular occlusion, blindness, nodules, delayed hypersensivity, granuloma, poor aesthetic outcome).

Methods
PubMed, Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases were used up to May 2022, to look for randomized clinical trials (RCTs), clinical trials, and retrospective case-control studies reporting on the use of hyaluronidase for managing the HA filler injection complications.

Results
The database search yielded 395 studies; of those 5 RCTs (all carried out in the USA) were selected (53 subjects), indicating the effectiveness of hyaluronidase for removal of un-complicated injected HA nodules (forearm, upper arm, or back skin). The follow-ups ranged from 14 days to 4 years. The amount of HA filler injected into each site varied from 0.2 to 0.4 mL. A dose dependent response was observed for most HA fillers. No major adverse reactions were reported. Overall, for removal of every 0.1 mL of HA filler they injected 1.25–37.5 units of hyaluronidase (single injections). When 3 consecutive weekly hyaluronidase injection was used much lower doses of 0.375–2.25 unit was utilised. There was no evidence in a form of RCTs, clinical trials, and retrospective case-control studies on the removal/reversal of HA injections in the facial skin, or management of over-corrections, inflammatory nodules, or tissue ischemia/necrosis associated with HA filler injection.

Conclusion
Based on studies on the forearm, upper arm and back skin, hyaluronidase can be used for the reversal of uncomplicated HA filler injection nodule. However, further adequately powered studies are warranted to establish the ideal treatment protocol/dose of hyaluronidase for reversal of HA filler injections in the facial region or management of complications associated with aesthetic HA injection.

Level of Evidence III
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Co-variation of fish and coral traits in relation to habitat type and fishery status
Authors: Anderson Louise , McLean Matthew , Houk Peter , Graham Curtis , Kanemoto Kriskitina , Terk Elizabeth , McLeod Elizabeth , Beger Maria 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEscalating climate impacts on coral reefs are increasingly expanding management goals beyond preserving biodiversity to also maintaining ecosystem functions. Morphological and ecological species traits can help assess changes within reef communities beyond taxonomic identities alone. However, our limited understanding of trait interactions between habitat-building corals and associated reef fishes and whether they are captured by current monitoring practices hampers management. Here, we apply co-inertia analyses to test whether trait assemblages in corals and fishes co-vary across different habitats and test whether different components of the reef fish community (fisheries vs. non-target species) display distinct relationships. We find that spatial co-variation across habitat types between coral and fish traits is strengthened by the addition of non-target fishes. Additionally, even in fisheries with diverse targets, non-target species make unique contributions to the overall trait structure and highlight the importance of considering monitoring protocols when drawing conclusions about traits and ecosystems.
Health relevance of lowering postprandial glycaemia in the paediatric population through diet’: results from a multistakeholder workshop
Authors: Vinoy Sophie , Goletzke Janina , Rakhshandehroo Maryam , Schweitzer Lisa , Flourakis Matthieu , Körner Antje , Alexy Ute , van Schothorst Evert M. , Ceriello Antonio , Zakrzewski-Fruer Julia K. , Buyken Anette 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo summarize current knowledge and gaps regarding the role of postprandial glycaemic response in the paediatric population, a workshop was organized in June 2021 by the European branch of the International Life Science Institute (ILSI). This virtual event comprised of talks given by experts followed by in-depth discussions in breakout sessions with workshop participants. The main pre-specified topics addressed by the workshop organizing committee to the invited speakers and the workshop participants were: (1) the role of glycaemic responses for paediatric health, based on mechanistic insights from animal and human data, and long-term evidence from observational and intervention studies in paediatric populations, and (2) changes in metabolism and changes in dietary needs from infancy to adolescence. Each talk as well as the discussions were summarised, including the main identified research gaps. The workshop led to the consensus on the crucial role on health of postprandial glycaemic response in paediatric population. However, a lack of scientific data has been identified regarding detailed glucose and insulin profiles in response to foods commonly consumed by paediatric populations, as well as a lack of long-term evidence including the need for suitable predictors during childhood and adolescence to anticipate health effects during adulthood.
Forensic age estimation in males by MRI based on the medial epiphysis of the clavicle
Authors: Widek Thomas , De Tobel Jannick , Ehammer Thomas , Genet Pia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIncreasing cross-border migration has brought forensic age assessment into focus in recent decades. Forensic age estimation is based on the three pillars: physical and medical constitution, bone age, and tooth age. Part of the bone age examination includes the assessment of the medial end of the clavicles when the hand bones are already fully developed and a minority must be excluded. Recent research has brought MRI to the forefront as a radiation-free alternative for age assessment. However, there exits only a few studies with large sample size regarding the clavicles and with controversies about staging, motion artifacts, and exclusion based on anatomic norm variants. In the current prospective study, 338 central European male individuals between 13 and 24 years of age underwent MRI examination of the sternoclavicular region. Development was assessed by three blinded raters according to the staging system described by Schmeling et al. and Kellinghaus et al. and related to age by descriptive statistics and transition analyses with a cumulative probit model. In addition, reliability calculations were performed. No statistically significant developmental difference was found between the left and right clavicles. Inter-rater agreement was only moderate, but intra-rater agreement, on the other hand, was good. Stage 3c had a minimum age of 19.36 years and appears to be a good indicator of proof of majority. The minimum age of stage 4 was lower compared with other studies, 20.18 years, and therefore seems not to be an indicator of age of 21 years. In conclusion, we confirmed the value of clavicular MRI in the age estimation process. The transition analysis model is a good approach to circumvent the problems of age mimicry and samples that are not fully equilibrated. Given the moderate agreement between raters, a consensus reading is recommended.
A Numerical Study of Elastic Wave Arrival Behavior in a Naturally Fractured Rock Based on a Combined Displacement Discontinuity-Discrete Fracture Network Model
Authors: Wang Shuaifeng , Zhang Zixin , Huang Xin , Lei Qinghua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe arrival behavior of elastic waves in a naturally fractured rock is studied based on numerical simulations. We use the discrete fracture network method to represent the distribution of a natural fracture system and employ the displacement discontinuity method to compute the propagation of elastic waves across individual fractures. We analyze macroscopic wavefield arrival properties collectively arising from the interaction between elastic waves and numerous fractures in the system. We show that the dimensionless angular frequency ῶ = ωZ/κ exerts a fundamental control on the arrival behavior of a plane wave traveling through the fractured rock, where ω, Z, and κ are the angular frequency, seismic impedance, and fracture stiffness, respectively. An asynchronous arrival phenomenon of the wave energy occurs and becomes more significant with an increased ῶ. Two regimes are identified according to the two-branch dependency of the fractal dimension D of the FFAW on ῶ, where the wave arrival behavior is within a non-fractal regime for ῶ smaller than the critical frequency ῶc ≈ 1.0, and enters the fractal regime for ῶ ≥ ῶc. The self-affine properties of the FFAW, i.e., the roughness exponent α and the correlation length lc, both linearly decrease as a function of the exponent ξ (with ῶ = 10ξ) in the fractal regime. Early breakthrough of wave transport occurs in regions with relatively low fracture density, while late-time arrival happens in regions of high fracture density.
Some properties of the maximum loss on loan portfolios
Authors: Vörös József 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEstimating losses on portfolios both theoretically and technically is an interesting and hard issue because the comprehensive formulation of the problem results in a complicated task to solve. Simulation algorithms are among the most popular, currently available procedures used by financial institutions and striving to obtain closed form formulas to see the structure of the maximum loss requires the exploration of additional properties of the maximum loss problem. We prove that within a given Mahalanobis distance, under assumptions, the maximum loss on a loan portfolio is located at the frontier of this distance, and this property allow us to set up closed forms to define efficient initial solutions. The performance of these initial solutions is compared to the optimum solution when we have two variables indicating the state of the macro economy. The supposed advantage of this approach would appear in case of large number of macro variables, but this requires further research and investigation. We found that the initial solutions generated by the compact forms underestimates losses only with insignificant manner compared to the optimum solution for a particular set of maximum loss problems.
Strategic Priorities for Implementation of Father-Inclusive Practice in Mental Health Services for Children and Families: A Delphi Expert Consensus Study
Authors: Baran Marek B. , Sawrikar Vilas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate expert consensus on barriers and facilitators to the organizational implementation of Father-Inclusive Practice (FIP) in child and family services to establish strategic priorities for implementation. An international panel of 56 experts in child and family service provision and father inclusion were surveyed using the Delphi technique. Three online questionnaires were used to gather opinions and measure experts’ levels of agreement in regard to factors that enable or hinder the organizational implementation of FIP. Survey design, analysis and interpretation was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Consensus was achieved for 46.4% (n = 13) statements. Eight barriers and five facilitators were identified as strategic priorities to organizational implementation of FIP. The key factors were related to the following CFIR themes: leadership engagement, access to information and knowledge, implementation climate, structural characteristics, networks and communication, client needs and resources, external policies and incentives, and reflecting and evaluating. The study findings suggest that issues related to central prioritization, top-down organizational processes and external policy context should represent priority areas for implementation. Our results prioritise methods for improving FIP by highlighting the key areas of organizational practice to be addressed by tailored implementation strategies.
Effect of Acoustic fMRI-Scanner Noise on the Human Resting State
Authors: Grieder Matthias , Koenig Thomas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOur knowledge about the human resting state is predominantly based on either electroencephalographic (EEG) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods. While EEG recordings can be performed in seated posture in quiet conditions, the fMRI environment presents a substantial contrast with supine and restricted posture in a narrow tube that is filled with acoustic scanner noise (ASN) at a chainsaw-like volume level. However, the influence of these diverging conditions on resting-state brain activation is neither well studied nor broadly discussed. In order to promote data as a source of sharper hypotheses for future studies, we investigated alterations in EEG-frequency-band power (delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma) and spatial power distribution as well as cortical vigilance measures in different postures and ASN surroundings over the course of time. Participants (N = 18) underwent three consecutive resting-state EEG recordings with a fixed posture and ASN setting sequence; seated, supine, and supine with ASN (supnoise) using an MRI simulator. The results showed that compared to seated, supnoise, the last instance within the posture sequence, was characterized by lower power and altered spatial power distribution in all assessed frequency bands. This might also have been an effect of time alone. In delta, theta, alpha, and beta, the power of supnoise was also reduced compared to supine, as well as the corresponding distribution maps. The vigilance analysis revealed that in supine and supnoise, the highest and lowest vigilance stages were more dominant compared to the seated and earliest posture condition within the sequence. Hence, our results demonstrate that the differences in recording settings and progress of time are related to changes in cortical arousal and vigilance regulation, findings that should be taken into account more profoundly for hypothesis generation as well as analytic strategies in future resting-state studies.
Examining Interpersonal Traumas Across Low Income Latinx Mother-Youth Dyads: Associations Between Maternal Child Abuse Exposure and Racial Discrimination with Mother and Youth Psychopathology
Authors: Russo Lyric N. , Arreola Jose , Montiel Gloria , Torres Gina , Leal Francisca , Guerra Nancy , Borelli Jessica L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChild abuse has intergenerational consequences for psychopathology, however, there remains a paucity of research regarding how these experiences affect Latinx families, particularly those at risk for additional negative life events, such as racial discrimination. This study aims to contribute to this gap in the literature by examining the impact maternal child abuse exposure has on youth and maternal psychopathology, as well as whether these associations are moderated by racial discrimination, in a sample of 224 Latinx mother-youth dyads. Hierarchical regressions revealed small but significant maternal child abuse exposure x racial discrimination interactions for youth depression and anxiety, but not maternal depression or anxiety, which were solely positively associated with maternal child abuse exposure. Findings highlight the multifarious, and at times convergent, nature of trauma and oppression among Latinx families, as well as the impact across generations. Future work is needed to further elucidate developmental pathways of intergenerational trauma in understudied populations.