bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular vesicle-associated microRNA signatures related to lymphovascular invasion in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shimada Yoshihisa , Yoshioka Yusuke , Kudo Yujin , Mimae Takahiro , Miyata Yoshihiro , Adachi Hiroyuki , Ito Hiroyuki , Okada Morihito , Ohira Tatsuo , Matsubayashi Jun , Ochiya Takahiro , Ikeda Norihiko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a fundamental step toward the spread of cancer. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) promote cellular communication by shuttling cargo, such as microRNAs (miRNAs). However, whether EV-associated miRNAs serve as biomarkers for LVI remains unclear. This study aimed to identify EV-associated miRNAs related to LVI and validate the miRNA levels from patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). Blood samples were collected from patients undergoing pulmonary resection for stage I LADC before surgery. The patients were classified into three groups according to the presence of LVI and postoperative recurrence. Serum-derived EVs in the derivation cohort were used for small RNA sequencing, while the selected LVI miRNA candidates were validated via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction using 44 patient and 16 healthy donor samples as the validation cohorts. Five miRNAs (miR-99b-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-365b-3p) were assessed, and miR-30d-5p (p = 0.036) levels were significantly downregulated in the LVI-positive group. miR-30d-5p levels in healthy donors were lower than those in LADC patients. Patients with high miR-30d-5p levels had favorable survival compared to those with low miR-30d-5p levels. miR-30d-5p level in EVs may serve as a promising biomarker for detecting LVI in patients with early-stage LADC.
New insights into the neuroprotective and beta-secretase1 inhibitor profiles of tirandamycin B isolated from a newly found Streptomyces composti sp. nov.
Authors: Duangupama Thitikorn , Pratuangdejkul Jaturong , Chongruchiroj Sumet , Pittayakhajonwut Pattama , Intaraudom Chakapong , Tadtong Sarin , Nunthanavanit Patcharawee , Samee Weerasak , He Ya-Wen , Tanasupawat Somboon , Thawai Chitti 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTirandamycin (TAM B) is a tetramic acid antibiotic discovered to be active on a screen designed to find compounds with neuroprotective activity. The producing strain, SBST2-5T, is an actinobacterium that was isolated from wastewater treatment bio–sludge compost collected from Suphanburi province, Thailand. Taxonomic characterization based on a polyphasic approach indicates that strain SBST2-5Tis a member of the genusStreptomycesand shows low average nucleotide identity (ANI) (81.7%), average amino-acid identity (AAI) (78.5%), and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) (25.9%) values to its closest relative,Streptomyces thermoviolaceusNBRC 13905T, values that are significantly below the suggested cut-off values for the species delineation, indicating that strain SBST2-5Tcould be considered to represent a novel species of the genusStreptomyces. The analysis of secondary metabolites biosynthetic gene clusters (smBGCs) in its genome and chemical investigation led to the isolation of TAM B. Interestingly, TAM B at 20 µg/mL displayed a suppressive effect on beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) with 68.69 ± 8.84% inhibition. Molecular docking simulation reveals the interaction mechanism between TAM B and BACE1 that TAM B was buried in the pocket of BACE-1 by interacting with amino acids Thr231, Asp 228, Gln73, Lys 107 via hydrogen bond and Leu30, Tyr71, Phe108, Ile118 via hydrophobic interaction, indicating that TAM B represents a potential active BACE1 inhibitor. Moreover, TAM B can protect the neuron cells significantly (% neuron viability = 83.10 ± 9.83% and 112.72 ± 6.83%) from oxidative stress induced by serum deprivation and Aβ1–42administration models at 1 ng/mL, respectively, without neurotoxicity on murine P19-derived neuron cells nor cytotoxicity against Vero cells. This study was reportedly the first study to show the neuroprotective and BACE1 inhibitory activities of TAM B.
Evaluation of aerosols in a simulated orthodontic debanding procedure
Authors: Pratt Alessandra , Eckermann Nile , Venugopalan Shankar Rengasamy , Uribe Lina Moreno , Barlow Lauren , Nonnenmann Matthew 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDental practitioners may be at risk for exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 when performing aerosol generating procedures. Though recent evidence suggests that coronavirus may be transmitted through aerosol generating procedures, it is unknown whether common procedures performed in dental clinics generate aerosol. The aim of this study was to simultaneously quantify airborne concentrations of the bacteriophage MS2 near the oral cavity of a dental mannequin and behind personal protective equipment (i.e., face shield) of the practitioner during a simulated orthodontic debanding procedure. A deband was performed eight times on a dental mannequin. Optical particle counters and SKC Biosamplers were used to measure particle concentration and to collect virus aerosol generated during the procedure, both near the oral cavity and behind the orthodontists face shield. A plaque assay was used to determine the viable virus airborne concentration. When comparing the two measuring locations, near the oral cavity and behind the clinician’s face shield, there was no statistically significant difference of virus concentrations or particle size distribution. This study suggests that debanding under these conditions generates live virus aerosol and a face shield does not provide increased protection from virus aerosol, but does provide some protection against splatter during the procedure.
Clinical significance of serum levels of 14-3-3β protein in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Wang Decai , Rao Lizong , Lei Huiren , Li Wencui , Yu Qiufang , Li Wei , Wei Jianghong , Xu Shuyun , Mo Biwen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNowadays, the diagnosis and treatment of COPD are often based on the results of lung function tests. Certain individuals, however, are not candidates for lung function testing due to pulmonary bullae, cardiac failure, low lung function, and other factors. Therefore, we evaluated whether serum tyrosine3-monooxygenase/tryptophan5-monooxygenase activation protein β (14-3-3β) could be a biomarker for the diagnosis of stable COPD patients. The expression of serum 14-3-3β protein was evaluated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association between its concentrations and clinical parameters of stable COPD patients were analyzed by correlation analysis and ROC curve. The results before propensity score matching (PSM) showed that serum 14-3-3β protein concentrations (ng/ml) in stable COPD patients were significantly higher than in healthy controls (P < 0.001). Furthermore, serum 14-3-3β protein concentrations were higher in GOLD 3&4 COPD patients compared with healthy participants, GOLD 1 and GOLD 2 COPD patients (P < 0.05), which shows that the concentration of 14-3-3β protein correlates with disease severity in stable COPD patients. After 1:1 PSM, there was also a statistically significant rise in 14–3-3 protein levels in stable COPD patients compared to healthy controls (P < 0.01). Serum 14-3-3β protein levels were positively correlated with blood neutrophil levels (P < 0.05), and negatively related to lung function parameters in stable COPD patients (P < 0.01). When the cutoff value was set at 29.53 ng/ml, the ROC curve yielded a sensitivity of 84.9% and a specificity of 68.3% for diagnosing stable COPD. The 14-3-3β protein may be a potential serum biomarker for the diagnosis of stable COPD patients, which is associated with disease severity, systemic inflammation, and small airway obstruction.
Automated deep learning for classification of dental implant radiographs using a large multi-center dataset
Authors: Park Wonse , Huh Jong-Ki , Lee Jae-Hong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of automated deep learning (DL) algorithm for identifying and classifying various types of dental implant systems (DIS) using a large-scale multicenter dataset. Dental implant radiographs of pos-implant surgery were collected from five college dental hospitals and 10 private dental clinics, and validated by the National Information Society Agency and the Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology. The dataset contained a total of 156,965 panoramic and periapical radiographic images and comprised 10 manufacturers and 27 different types of DIS. The accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and confusion matrix were calculated to evaluate the classification performance of the automated DL algorithm. The performance metrics of the automated DL based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score for 116,756 panoramic and 40,209 periapical radiographic images were 88.53%, 85.70%, 82.30%, and 84.00%, respectively. Using only panoramic images, the DL algorithm achieved 87.89% accuracy, 85.20% precision, 81.10% recall, and 83.10% F1 score, whereas the corresponding values using only periapical images achieved 86.87% accuracy, 84.40% precision, 81.70% recall, and 83.00% F1 score, respectively. Within the study limitations, automated DL shows a reliable classification accuracy based on large-scale and comprehensive datasets. Moreover, we observed no statistically significant difference in accuracy performance between the panoramic and periapical images. The clinical feasibility of the automated DL algorithm requires further confirmation using additional clinical datasets.
A time-varying approach to the nexus between environmental related technologies, renewable energy consumption and environmental sustainability in South Africa
Authors: Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday , Uhunamure Solomon Eghosa , Shale Karabo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEcological degradation is a major challenge for all nations. The problem is particularly worrying for South Africa, which has recently suffered from various ecological catastrophes. Thus, the empirical study evaluates the nexus between CO2 emissions and financial development, renewable energy, economic growth and environmental-related technologies in South Africa utilizing data between 1980 and 2020. We employed autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and time-varying causality to evaluate these connections. The results from the ARDL show that financial development and environmental-related technologies lessen CO2 emissions while economic progress intensifies CO2 emissions. Surprisingly, renewable energy does not mitigate CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the time-varying causality shows that all the independent variables can forecast CO2 emissions at different sub-periods. Finally, our results are resilient to various policy ramifications useful in reducing CO2 emissions and associated adverse ecological consequences.
A mixed-methods study exploring women’s perceptions and recommendations for a pregnancy app with monitoring tools
Authors: Lazarevic Natasa , Pizzuti Carol , Rosic Gillian , Bœhm Céline , Williams Kathryn , Caillaud Corinne 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDigital health tools such as apps are being increasingly used by women to access pregnancy-related information. Conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study investigated: (i) pregnant women’s current usage of digital health tools to self-monitor and (ii) their interest in theoretical pregnancy app features (a direct patient-to-healthcare-professional communication tool and a body measurement tool). Using a mixed methods approach, 108 pregnant women were surveyed and 15 currently or recently pregnant women were interviewed online. We found that pregnant women used digital health tools to mainly access pregnancy related information and less so to self-monitor. Most participants were interested and enthusiastic about a patient-to-healthcare-professional communication tool. About half of the survey participants (49%) felt comfortable using a body measurement tool to monitor their body parts and 80% of interview participants were interested in using the body measurement to track leg/ankle swelling. Participants also shared additional pregnancy app features that they thought would be beneficial such as a “Digital Wallet” and a desire for a holistic pregnancy app that allowed for more continuous and personalised care. This study highlights the gaps and needs of pregnant women and should inform all stakeholders designing pregnancy digital healthcare. This study offers a unique insight into the needs of pregnant women during a very particular and unique period in human history.
Virtual excavation and analysis of the early Neanderthal cranium from Altamura (Italy)
Authors: Profico Antonio , Buzi Costantino , Di Vincenzo Fabio , Boggioni Marco , Borsato Andrea , Boschian Giovanni , Marchi Damiano , Micheli Mario , Cecchi Jacopo Moggi , Samadelli Marco , Tafuri Mary Anne , Arsuaga Juan Luis , Manzi Giorgio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractComplete Neanderthal skeletons are almost unique findings. A very well-preserved specimen of this kind was discovered in 1993 in the deepest recesses of a karstic system near the town of Altamura in Southern Italy. We present here a detailed description of the cranium, after we virtually extracted it from the surrounding stalagmites and stalactites. The morphology of the Altamura cranium fits within the Neanderthal variability, though it retains features occurring in more archaic European samples. Some of these features were never observed inHomo neanderthalensis, i.e. in fossil specimens dated between 300 and 40 ka. Considering the U-Th age we previously obtained (>130 ka), the morphology of Altamura suggests that the archaic traits it retains may have been originated by geographic isolation of the early Neanderthal populations from Southern Italy.
Atmospheric concentrations of black carbon are substantially higher in spring than summer in the Arctic
Authors: Jurányi Zsófia , Zanatta Marco , Lund Marianne T. , Samset Bjørn H. , Skeie Ragnhild B. , Sharma Sangeeta , Wendisch Manfred , Herber Andreas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA key driving factor behind rapid Arctic climate change is black carbon, the atmospheric aerosol that most efficiently absorbs sunlight. Our knowledge about black carbon in the Arctic is scarce, mainly limited to long-term measurements of a few ground stations and snap-shots by aircraft observations. Here, we combine observations from aircraft campaigns performed over nine years, and present vertically resolved average black carbon properties. A factor of four higher black carbon mass concentration (21.6 ng m−3average, 14.3 ng m−3median) was found in spring, compared to summer (4.7 ng m−3average, 3.9 ng m−3median). In spring, much higher inter-annual and geographic variability prevailed compared to the stable situation in summer. The shape of the black carbon size distributions remained constant between seasons with an average mass mean diameter of 202 nm in spring and 210 nm in summer. Comparison between observations and concentrations simulated by a global model shows notable discrepancies, highlighting the need for further model developments and intensified measurements.
Joint COVID-19 and influenza-like illness forecasts in the United States using internet search information
Authors: Ma Simin , Ning Shaoyang , Yang Shihao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
As the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic continues, severe seasonal Influenza (flu) may happen alongside COVID-19. This could cause a “twindemic”, in which there are additional burdens on health care resources and public safety compared to those occurring in the presence of a single infection. Amidst the raising trend of co-infections of the two diseases, forecasting both Influenza-like Illness (ILI) outbreaks and COVID-19 waves in a reliable and timely manner becomes more urgent than ever. Accurate and real-time joint prediction of the twindemic aids public health organizations and policymakers in adequate preparation and decision making. However, in the current pandemic, existing ILI and COVID-19 forecasting models face shortcomings under complex inter-disease dynamics, particularly due to the similarities in symptoms and healthcare-seeking patterns of the two diseases.

Methods
Inspired by the interconnection between ILI and COVID-19 activities, we combine related internet search and bi-disease time series information for the U.S. national level and state level forecasts. Our proposed ARGOX-Joint-Ensemble adopts a new ensemble framework that integrates ILI and COVID-19 disease forecasting models to pool the information between the two diseases and provide joint multi-resolution and multi-target predictions. Through a winner-takes-all ensemble fashion, our framework is able to adaptively select the most predictive COVID-19 or ILI signals.

Results
In the retrospective evaluation, our model steadily outperforms alternative benchmark methods, and remains competitive with other publicly available models in both point estimates and probabilistic predictions (including intervals).

Conclusions
The success of our approach illustrates that pooling information between the ILI and COVID-19 leads to improved forecasting models than individual models for either of the disease.
Treating a Young Child Who Stutters' Lateral Lisp: A Case Study
Authors: Singer Cara , Martin Ellianne 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
This case study describes treatment recommendations for young children who stutter who present with articulation (i.e., motor-based) errors impacting the child's ability or desire to communicate. Recommendations for children who stutter with speech sound disorders have previously focused on phonological (e.g., language-based) errors; however, remediation of motor-based errors require a more direct treatment approach.

Method:
The case is a 3-year-old female who stutters with concomitant lateralized productions of sibilants, including /s/ and /z/. A literature review was conducted when developing the treatment plan to identify treatment elements that might best support the child's development of her speech sound skills and overall communication. Evaluation results and treatment progress data are reported across 8 months of treatment.

Results:
As a result of the provided motor-based approach with modifications to facilitate a positive speaking environment, the child improved her production of sibilants at the word level from 69% occurrence of lateralizations to 9%, her attitudes about her communication improved, and her stuttering severity remained the same.

Conclusion:
A motor-based treatment plan to improve speech sound accuracy is appropriate when working with a child who stutters with articulation errors. Individualized treatment plans should consider the motoric and emotional demands on the child during the sessions to limit the potential interaction between the speech sound treatment and stuttering. Several treatment options are discussed to help clinicians tailor treatment plans to the needs of individual children.
Association of postoperative atrial fibrillation with higher dosing ratios of protamine-to-heparin
Authors: Yamada Yasuharu , Iemura Junzo , Kambara Atushi , Tateishi Noboru , Kozaki Yuji , Yamada Masako , Maruyama Junko , Azuma Eiichi 
Published: March 2023

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is defined as new-onset AF in the immediate postoperative period. The relatively high incidence of POAF after cardiac surgery is well described, but pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the initiation, maintenance, and progression of POAF may be multifactorial and have not yet been comprehensively characterized. One of the mechanisms includes altered Ca2+kinetics. Accumulating evidence has suggested that altered atrial cytosolic calcium handling contributes to the development of POAF, protamine reversibly modulates the calcium release channel/ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) and voltage-dependent cardiac RyR2. However, it is currently unknown whether such abnormalities contribute to the arrhythmogenic substrate predisposing patients to the development of POAF.Methods: We have retrospectively analyzed 147 patients who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass support. Of these, 40 patients were excluded from the analysis because of pre-existing AF. All patients received heparin followed by protamine at different dosing ratios of protamine-to-heparin, depending on the periods studied.Results: The dosing ratio of protamine-to-heparin = 1.0 was compared with higher dosing ratios of protamine-to-heparin >1.0 up to 1.7. POAF developed in 15 patients (15/107 = 14%), of these, 5 out of 57 patients (33.3%) in the dosing ratio of protamine-to-heparin = 1.0 and 10 out of 35 patients (66.7%) in the higher dosing ratios of protamine-to-heparin. Statistical significance was observed in patients with higher dosing ratios of protamine-to-heparin, compared with the dosing ratio of protamine-to-heparin = 1.0 (odds ratio = 3.890, 95% CI = 1.130–13.300,p-value = 0.031). When types of diseases were analyzed in terms of higher dosing ratios of protamine-to-heparin, only valvular disorders were significantly associated with POAF (p = 0.04).Conclusions: Protamine is clinically utilized to reverse heparin overdose and has been shown to display immunological and inflammatory alterations. However, its association with POAF has not been reported. Our results provide evidence that higher dosing ratios of protamine-to-heparin may increase the incidence of POAF.
Selen und Zink bei Autoimmunerkrankungen
Authors: Schomburg Lutz 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungIn der Prävention und Therapie von Autoimmunerkrankungen spielen Selen
und Zink eine wichtige Rolle. Wie die beiden Spurenelemente die Immunzellen
beeinflussen, welche Bedeutung oxidativer Stress hat und inwiefern sie Einfluss
auf das Mikrobiom nehmen – darüber und über weitere
Aspekte sprach Herausgeber Uwe Gröber mit Prof. Dr. Schomburg von der
Charité Berlin.
Alinhamento espinopélvico em pacientes com fratura toracolombar explosão
Authors: José Lucas Miotto , Coury Pedro , Meves Robert 
Published: March 2023

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar o alinhamento espinopélvico em pacientes com fratura toracolombar do tipo explosão (FTE) sem déficit neurológico tratados de forma não operatória e operatória em um hospital terciário de referência em trauma.
Método Estudo transversal retrospectivo de pacientes com FTE apenas da região toracolombar, de nível único, do tipo A3 e A4 AOSpine. Análise de dados clínicos, dor lombar (escala visual analógica [EVA]), Escala de Denis, qualidade de vida (SF-36), parâmetros radiográficos sagitais (cifose torácica [CT], cifose toracolombar [CTL], lordose lombar [LL] e eixo vertical sagital [EVS]) e espinopélvicos (incidência pélvica [IP], versão pélvica [VP], inclinação sacral [IS] e a discrepância entre incidência pélvica e lordose lombar [IP-LL]) de pacientes tratados de forma operatória e não operatória.
Resultados O presente estudo avaliou um total de 50 indivíduos com uma média de 50 anos de idade com acompanhamento médio de 109 meses (mínimo de 19 e máximo de 306 meses). Houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para Denis trabalho (p = 0,046) a favor do tratamento não operatório. Não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para EVA dor lombar e Denis dor (p = 0,468 e p = 0,623). Não houve diferença significante entre os tratamentos em nenhum dos domínios avaliados do SF-36 (p > 0,05). Parâmetros radiográficos não se mostraram diferentes entre os grupos analisados; contudo, todos os parâmetros radiográficos mostraram diferença significante entre a população considerada assintomática, com exceção da incidência pélvica (p < 0,005).
Conclusões O alinhamento espinopélvico foi normal em pacientes com FTE sem déficit neurológico tratados de forma não operatória e operatória, após acompanhamento mínimo de 19 meses. Entretanto, estes pacientes apresentaram maior média de versão pélvica e de discrepância entre lordose lombar e incidência pélvica quando comparados com os valores de referência da população brasileira.