bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mendelian randomization study shows a causal effect of asthma on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Wang Weina , Zhou Dengfeng , Lu Qiaofa , Li Lili , Zhang Bo 
Published: September 2023

Background
This study was performed to explore the causal association between asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).

Methods
We obtained summary statistics for asthma from 408,442 Europeans in an open genome-wide association study (GWAS) from the UK Biobank to select strongly associated single nucleotide polymorphisms that could serve as instrumental variables for asthma (P < 5×10−8). Additional summary statistics for COPD were obtained from 193,638 individuals of European ancestry in the GWAS published by FinnGen. Univariable Mendelian randomization(UVMR) analysis was performed using inverse variance weighted (IVW) as the primary method of analysis. The reliability of the results was verified by multivariable MR(MVMR), reverse and replication MR analysis, and sensitivity analysis.

Results
In the UVMR analysis, asthma increased the risk of COPD, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.27 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.16–1.39, P = 5.44×10−7). Estimates were consistent in MVMR analyses by the adjustments of smoking initiation, age of smoking initiation, cigarettes per day, PM 2.5, and the combination of the above factors. In the reverse MR analysis, there was no evidence of a causal effect of COPD on asthma risk(OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.97–1.07, P = 0.3643). In the replication MR analysis, asthma still increased the risk of COPD. Sensitivity analyses validated the robustness of the above associations.

Conclusions
We found that genetically predicted asthma was positively associated with the risk of COPD. Additionally, there was no evidence that COPD increases the risk of asthma. Further clarification of this link and underlying mechanisms is needed to identify feasible measures to promote COPD prevention.
The development of a Cannabis Knowledge Assessment Tool (CKAT)
Authors: Bayat Ava , Mansell Holly , Taylor Jeff , Szafron Michael , Mansell Kerry 
Published: September 2023

Background
Misconceptions about the health risks of cannabis remain prevalent, indicating the need to improve public health messaging and determine the effectiveness of educational programming. Our objective was to develop a standardized questionnaire to measure knowledge about cannabis in the context of cannabis legalization.

Methods
A Cannabis Knowledge Assessment Tool (CKAT) was created using the Delphi method. A purposive sample of healthcare professionals, policymakers, academics, patients, and students served as the content and development experts. Principal component analysis from the codes identified from open-ended feedback guided the item development. Upon completion, the CKAT was administered as a pre- and post-test in four schools (7th and 9th Grade) in Canada. The data were analysed to determine whether knowledge scores changed after participating in a cannabis education program.

Results
Twenty-four experts initially participated in the Delphi process and 18 (75% retention) continued throughout. Principal component analysis identified 3 domains: 1) effects of cannabis on the individual, 2) general information about cannabis, and 3) cannabis harm reduction. The final questionnaire consisted of 16 multiple-true-false questions (64 items) and received a Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level of 6.3, and a SMOG index score of 7.6. The CKAT was completed by 132 students; seventy-three 7th grade and fifty-nine 9th grade students. The baseline mean CKAT score was 46.2 (SD:5.5), which increased to 50.7 (SD:4.6) after the cannabis educational program (p<0.05).

Conclusions
A novel tool to measure knowledge of cannabis was developed and piloted in 7th grade and 9th grade students. Future studies are required to test usability and validity of the CKAT in other contexts.
Don’t Break the Oath, Henrik Marstal (2022)
Authors: Zaddach Wolf-Georg 
Published: September 2023

Review of: Don’t Break the Oath, Henrik Marstal (2022)
London: Bloomsbury, 152 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-50135-438-0, h/bk, £60.00
ISBN 978-1-50135-437-3, p/bk, £16.99
ISBN 978-1-50135-439-7, e-book, £15.29
Phytochemicals as a potential inhibitor of Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant
Authors: Ratnasari Tuti , Fulyani Faizah , Mahati Endang 
Published: September 2023

Background: More than 50 mutations have been found in Omicron SARS-CoV-2. Most Omicron mutations are located in the spike protein, which plays a pivotal role in virus infection. The mutated spike protein in the Omicron variant increases virus transmissibility and potentially threatens the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines and antibody therapies. Herbal plants, such as Indian Ayurveda, African herbal plants, and Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM), have been studied as SARS-CoV-2 potential therapy in several countries.Objective: This review explores potential phytochemical herbals that target spike protein omicron based on the available molecular docking studies.Methods: We collected research articles on the molecular docking of phytochemicals that target spike protein omicron. Combination of several keywords: in silico OR molecular docking AND spike omicron, were used as input for Google search. Out of 83 articles from Google search, eight articles matched the inclusion criteria and were selected in this review.Result: Protodioscin from Carica papaya and Landomycin A from Aloe vera are the most potential phytochemical inhibitors against spike protein with the free binding energy of -10.77 kcal/mol and -10kcal/mol, respectively.
Early diagnosis for the onset of peri-implantitis based on artificial neural network
Authors: Fan Wanting , Tang Jianming , Xu Huixia , Huang Xilin , Wu Donglei , Zhang Zheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study is to construct an artificial neural network (ANN) based on bioinformatic analysis to enable early diagnosis of peri-implantitis (PI). PI-related datasets were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functional enrichment analyses were performed between PI and the control group. Furthermore, the infiltration of 22 immune cells in PI was analyzed using CIBERSORT. Hub genes were identified with random forest (RF) classification. The ANN model was then constructed for early diagnosis of PI. A total of 1,380 DEGs were identified. Enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of neutrophil-mediated immunity and the NF-kappa B signaling pathway in PI. Additionally, higher proportion of naive B cells, activated memory CD4 T cells, activated NK cells, M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, and neutrophils were observed in the soft tissues surrounding PI. From the RF analysis, 13 hub genes (ST6GALNAC4, MTMR11, SKAP2, AKR1B1, PTGS2, CHP2, CPEB2, SYT17, GRIP1, IL10, RAB8B, ABHD5, and IGSF6) were selected. Subsequently, the ANN model for early diagnosis of PI was constructed with high performance. We identified 13 hub genes and developed an ANN model that accurately enables early diagnosis of PI.
Domestication of Russian Cuisine in the United States: Wanda L Frolov’s Katish: Our Russian Cook (1947)
Authors: Razor Sasha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article examines Wanda L Frolov’s cookbook, Katish: Our Russian Cook (1947) as a transitional text that navigates the food diplomacy of World War II and the Cold War “Red Scare.” The book narrates the story of two women from different parts of the world and walks of life – an American widow and a refugee widow from Russia – who lived together in Southern California during Prohibition. The plot is presented through the point-of-view of one of the characters, Sis, as she recounts her childhood memories, while recipes come in clusters triggered by specific vignettes. Using irony, exoticisms, and literary and cultural allusions, the cookbook embodies the journey of the Russian character from her home country to the United States through American recipes. In Katish: Our Russian Cook, Frolov created an original character who asserts herself in the female space of the kitchen while adjusting to a new country. This adjustment is reflected in the hybrid Russian–American menu, which represents a radical departure from the three decades worth of auto-ethnographic cookbooks produced by the white émigrés in the United States. Frolov’s mode of representation of the Russian identity is fused with consumer potential as a positive force, while the child’s eye view of the story obfuscates the refugee trauma narrative. Released before the advent of television cooking shows and food editor conferences, Katish: Our Russian Cook mapped the local Los Angeles culinary scene in the 1920s and contributed to the development of the culinary memoir writing genre. Published first during the Cold War and republished by Ruth Reichl in 2001, it serves as a pertinent example of American integration and domestication of Russianness.
Show Me the Money: Tracking Consumer Spending with Daily Card Transaction Data During the Pandemic
Authors: Cevik Serhan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been an unprecedented shock to economic activity with abrupt and unexpected changes in household consumption behavior. This paper investigates how the spread of the pandemic and government interventions have affected consumer spending using daily card transaction data in the Baltics. The analysis shows significant effects on the amount and composition of debit and credit card transactions. First, the number of new COVID-19 infections or deaths has a strongly negative effect. Second, while public health measures designed to contain the spread of the pandemic has a negative effect, economic support measures designed to assist businesses and households have a stimulative effect. Third, there is heterogeneity across spending categories, but the drop is mostly concentrated in sectors that are restricted by lockdowns and the risk of infection. Fourth, the impact of government interventions, especially in terms of stimulating consumer spending, appears to be more pronounced on goods than services.
Assessment of GNSS observations and positioning performance from non-flagship Android smartphones
Authors: Bramanto Brian , Gumilar Irwan , Kuswanti Irma A. N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAndroid smartphone has gained attention in precise positioning applications since it can collect raw observable GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) data. Some studies have reported that the positioning accuracy may reach the sub-decimeter level. However, these studies mostly rely on a flagship Android smartphone that is made with better internal hardware, while the use of a non-flagship Android smartphone is not reported for this field. In this study, therefore, we explore non-flagship Android smartphones for positioning applications. We assessed the observable data quality and positioning performance of two non-flagship Android GNSS smartphones of a Samsung M21 and a Redmi Note 7. The data quality assessment includes satellite tracking and carrier-to-noise density ratio analysis. Also, the positioning performance was assessed for Single Point Positioning (SPP) and relative positioning methods in static and open-sky conditions. In addition, the residual properties of GNSS measurements were also evaluated. The results were further compared to the high-grade GNSS device. We found that the observable pseudorange and carrier phase measurements from Android smartphones were about 70 % and 36 % of what high-grade GNSS obtained. Furthermore, within a span of 1 h of observations, a considerable amount of cycle slips, amounting to as many as 518 instances, were noted in the observations from Android GNSS devices. While for the carrier-to-noise density ratio in Android smartphones, it was estimated to be about 15 dB-Hz lower than in high-grade GNSS devices. The spread of the residuals for pseudorange and carrier phase from Android smartphones was estimated to be about ±15 and ±6 m, respectively. The 3D positioning error for SPP was estimated to be about 4.7 m, with a position spread reaching tens of meters. At the same time, the 3D positioning error was calculated to be 4.6 m with the estimated standard error at the centimeter level when using the relative positioning method. To improve the positioning performance, applying a C/N0mask to the observations become the best solution. The 3D positioning error for the relative positioning method reduces to 2.7 m when applying a C/N0mask of 30 dB-Hz. The observable data quality of non-flagship Android GNSS devices possibly causes relatively poor performance of positioning applications.
Oxygen plasma assisted room temperature bonding for manufacturing SU-8 polymer micro/nanoscale nozzle
Authors: Guo Ran , Li Xuan , Niu Weilong , Feng Jianbo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Electrohydrodynamic-jet (E-jet) printing is an on-demand additive manufacturing method that allows various functional materials to be directly deposited on the target substrate. Many theoretical and experimental results indicate that E-jet has scale effect, and reducing the inner diameter of the nozzle can effectively improve printing resolution. Herein, a method for fabricating SU-8 polymer micro/nanoscale nozzle by oxygen plasma assisted room temperature bonding was proposed. It can prevent channel deformation and blockage caused by excessive bonding temperature. The surface modification parameters of silicon nano-mold were optimized, the influence of hot embossing parameters on the replication precision of nano patterns was investigated, the effect of UV lithography parameters on the micro and nanochannel was analyzed, the relationship between the oxygen plasma treatment parameters on the contact angle of SU-8 was revealed, the influence of bonding pressure on the morphology of the nanochannel was discussed, and the bonding principle at room temperature was deeply analyzed. This method can fabricate SU-8 polymer micro/nanoscale nozzle with low cost and high precision, and provide a new idea for the realization of room temperature bonding to manufacture SU-8 polymer nozzle.
Effect of molybdenum tailings aggregate on mechanical properties of engineered cementitious composites and stirrup-confined ECC stub columns
Authors: Liu Kangning , Wang Sheliang , Xiong Ergang , Quan Xiaoyi , Wu Jing , Xu Jin , Zhao Nan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) exhibit behaviors of multiple cracking and strain-hardening compared to ordinary concrete. However, the use of ultrafine silica sand (S) to produce ECC results in increased cost and environmental overload. This study was to develop an eco-friendly and cheaper ECC by incorporating different replacement ratios of industrial byproduct molybdenum tailings (MT). The mechanical properties of ECC with MT were evaluated. Based on industrial computer technology, nuclear magnetic resonance, and scanning electron microscope techniques, the three-dimensional spatial distribution and fluid distribution of pores and the microstructure of the ECC were investigated, respectively. The mechanical properties of stirrup-confined ECC stub columns were also investigated. Results indicated that the ECC incorporating 25% MT exhibited the best mechanical properties, in which the tensile strength (f
t) increased by 32.16% and exhibited well strain-hardening behaviors. Under a 25% MT replacement ratio, ECC had the lowest porosity and good interfacial transition zone, and bonding interface between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber (PF) and matrix. Moreover, the stirrup-confined ECC stub column with 25% MT can ensure better both the peak stress (f
cc) and peak strain (ε
cc). The assessment of environmental impact and cost further indicated that the incorporation of MT to prepare ECC is a promising method.
La variación ter que, haber (de/que) y deber y sus valores modales en el gallego oral contemporáneo: una aproximación basada en el uso
Authors: Amarelo Daniel 
Published: September 2023

Resumen
Desde un enfoque basado en el uso y en los estudios sobre gramaticalización, este trabajo pretende estudiar sincrónicamente la variación entre los verbos modales ter que, haber (de/que) y deber (de) en gallego. Analizaremos cuantitativamente un corpus de más de trescientos enunciados reales de carácter oral extraídos del CORILGA (Corpus Oral Informatizado da Lingua Galega) e interpretaremos los resultados de acuerdo con aquellos factores significativos en la selección – registro, voz, polaridad y valor semántico. Ya que no existen análisis variacionistas y cuantitativos de esta cuestión en gallego, esta aproximación pretende abrir el campo de investigación en dicha dirección. En definitiva, postulamos cuál es su distribución aproximada en términos modales y qué cambios podrían estar en marcha, en comparación con otras variedades lingüísticas y a la luz de aproximaciones previas a este tema. La contribución más relevante se halla en la ampliación de usos de ter que a territorios epistémicos (0a) y en la especialización de haber (de) (0b) como forma epistémica fuerte con poca evidencialidad.
(0a) “pois ten que estar deprimidísima, supoño”
(0b) “si, imos, imos andamos mirando a ver como está. Eu penso que ha de estar media, media libre pero …”
Context-specific use and ideology: perception of appropriate domains for dar + gerund
Authors: Guerra Kathleen S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This investigation explores the perception and use of dar ‘give’ + gerund, i.e., dame pasando ‘pass me’, as a request in Ecuadorian Andean Spanish. Previous research has focused on origins and uses of dar + gerund, often classifying it as an attenuated request form that arose, in part, from sustained contact with Ecuadorian Kichwa. This paper demonstrates that a simple definition of politeness insufficiently captures the requester’s complex calculation of social relationship, perceived imposition, indirectness and politeness when making a request with dar + gerund. Furthermore, dar + gerund tends to be perceived as most appropriate in equal social/functional relationships, breaking with previous research that positions more attenuated requests with deference and formality. By examining the perception of appropriate use through an online questionnaire, observations and sociolinguistic interviews, this investigation shows how this dialectal construction encodes a range of social meaning in a particular context.
Postsubmaximal Isometric Full Squat Jump Potentiation in Trained Men
Authors: Koźlenia Dawid , Domaradzki Jarosław 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Koźlenia, D, and Domaradzki, J. Postsubmaximal isometric full squat jump potentiation in trained men. J Strength Cond Res 38(3): 459–464, 2024—This study investigated the effects of postsubmaximal isometric full squats on jump height (JH). The study included 45 men aged 20–27 years with at least 6 years of resistance training experience that had been continuous for at least 2 years and a minimum relative strength of 120% of body mass in the full-back squat. They were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). After a standard warm-up, subjects performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) to ascertain a baseline value. A conditioning activity (CA) introduced in the EG involved three 4-second sets of a high bar isometric full-back squat at 70% repetition maximum, with a 1-minute break. Five CMJs were performed in the following 9 minutes. Statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. A 2-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) (group-time), with baseline CMJ as a covariable, revealed statistically significant differences between groups ( p < 0.0001). The Bonferroni post hoc tests revealed higher results in the EG at the third, fifth, seventh, and ninth minutes ( p < 0.05). A 1-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that time was statistically significant within groups ( p < 0.0001). The post hoc tests indicated JH improvement after 3 minutes compared with the baseline, and the trend persisted in the following 6 minutes ( p < 0.05) in the EG. The postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) protocol based on a submaximal isometric full squat enhanced JH in the third minute after CA, which persisted for at least 6 minutes. These results indicate a requirement to evoke performance enhancement in response to an isometric CA.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DIGITAL BERBANTUAN WORKSHEET MATERI BANGUN RUANG SISI DATAR
Authors: Suharnita Elsya , Armis Armis , Anggraini Rini Dian 
Published: September 2023

This study aims to produce a digital learning media assisted by a flat-shape solid figures worksheet for 8th grade of SMP/MTs students that is valid and practical. The development model used in this study is the ADDIE model which consists of five stages, namely, analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. Data collection techniques using validation sheets and student response questionnaires. The learning media validity test was carried out by three expert validators. There are 2 aspects of the assessment, namely the material aspect consisting of curriculum and learning, and the media aspect consisting of the program, media display, and worksheet display. The practicality test of learning media was carried out through a limited trial to 6 students. The results showed that the media validity test was in the very valid category. Furthermore, the results of the practicality test are in the very practical category. The conclusion of this study is that the worksheet-assisted digital learning media is very valid and practical to use in learning the material for flat-sided geometry.