bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rule-out of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome by a single, pre-hospital troponin measurement: a randomized trial
Authors: Camaro Cyril , Aarts Goaris W A , Adang Eddy M M , van Hout Roger , Brok Gijs , Hoare Anouk , Rodwell Laura , de Pooter Frank , de Wit Walter , Cramer Gilbert E , van Kimmenade Roland R J , Damman Peter , Ouwendijk Eva , Rutten Martijn , Zegers Erwin , van Geuns Robert-Jan M , Gomes Marc E R , van Royen Niels 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsPatients with suspected non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) are routinely transferred to the emergency department (ED). A clinical risk score with point-of-care (POC) troponin measurement might enable ambulance paramedics to identify low-risk patients in whom ED evaluation is unnecessary. The aim was to assess safety and healthcare costs of a pre-hospital rule-out strategy using a POC troponin measurement in low-risk suspected NSTE-ACS patients.Methods and resultsThis investigator-initiated, randomized clinical trial was conducted in five ambulance regions in the Netherlands. Suspected NSTE-ACS patients with HEAR (History, ECG, Age, Risk factors) score ≤3 were randomized to pre-hospital rule-out with POC troponin measurement or direct transfer to the ED. The sample size calculation was based on the primary outcome of 30-day healthcare costs. Secondary outcome was safety, defined as 30-day major adverse cardiac events (MACE), consisting of ACS, unplanned revascularization or all-cause death. : A total of 863 participants were randomized. Healthcare costs were significantly lower in the pre-hospital strategy (€1349 ± €2051 vs. €1960 ± €1808) with a mean difference of €611 [95% confidence interval (CI): 353–869; P &lt; 0.001]. In the total population, MACE were comparable between groups [3.9% (17/434) in pre-hospital strategy vs. 3.7% (16/429) in ED strategy; P = 0.89]. In the ruled-out ACS population, MACE were very low [0.5% (2/419) vs. 1.0% (4/417)], with a risk difference of −0.5% (95% CI −1.6%–0.7%; P = 0.41) in favour of the pre-hospital strategy.ConclusionPre-hospital rule-out of ACS with a POC troponin measurement in low-risk patients significantly reduces healthcare costs while incidence of MACE was low in both strategies.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT05466591 and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform id NTR 7346.
Unexploited potential of risk factor treatment in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Authors: van Trier Tinka J , Snaterse Marjolein , Hageman Steven H J , ter Hoeve Nienke , Sunamura Madoka , Moll van Charante Eric P , Galenkamp Henrike , Deckers Jaap W , Martens Fabrice M A C , Visseren Frank L J , Scholte op Reimer Wilma J M , Peters Ron J G , Jørstad Harald T 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Most patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remain at (very) high risk for recurrent events due to suboptimal risk factor control.

Aims
This study aimed to quantify the potential of maximal risk factor treatment on 10-year and lifetime risk of recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in patients 1 year after a coronary event.

Methods and results
Pooled data from six studies are as follows: RESPONSE 1, RESPONSE 2, OPTICARE, EUROASPIRE IV, EUROASPIRE V, and HELIUS. Patients aged ≥45 years at ≥6 months after coronary event were included. The SMART-REACH score was used to estimate 10-year and lifetime risk of recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular events with current treatment and potential risk reduction and gains in event-free years with maximal treatment (lifestyle and pharmacological). In 3230 atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease patients (24% women), at median interquartile range (IQR) 1.1 years (1.0–1.8) after index event, 10-year risk was median (IQR) 20% (15–27%) and lifetime risk 54% (47–63%). Whereas 70% used conventional medication, 82% had ≥1 drug-modifiable risk factor not on target. Furthermore, 91% had ≥1 lifestyle-related risk factor not on target. Maximizing therapy was associated with a potential reduction of median (IQR) 10-year risk to 6% (4–8%) and of lifetime risk to 20% (15–27%) and a median (IQR) gain of 7.3 (5.4–10.4) atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease event-free years.

Conclusions
Amongst patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, maximizing current, guideline-based preventive therapy has the potential to mitigate a large part of their risk of recurrent events and to add a clinically important number of event-free years to their lifetime.
Development and characterization of a sorghum multi-parent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population for capturing diversity among seed parent gene pool
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , Boatwright J Lucas , Brenton Zachary W , Sapkota Sirjan , Ballén-Taborda Carolina , Myers Matthew T , Cox William A , Jordan Kathleen E , Kresovich Stephen , Boyles Richard E 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Multiparent advanced eneration inter-cross (MAGIC) populations improve the precision of quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping over biparental populations by incorporating increased diversity and opportunities to reduce linkage disequilibrium among variants. Here, we describe the development of a MAGIC B-Line (MBL) population from an inter-cross among 4 diverse founders of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] across different races (kafir, guinea, durra, and caudatum). These founders were selected based on genetic uniqueness and several distinct qualitative features including panicle architecture, plant color, seed color, endosperm texture, and awns. A whole set of MBL (708 F6) recombinant inbred lines along with their founders were genotyped using Diversity Arrays Technology (DArTseq) and 5,683 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were generated. A genetic linkage map was constructed using a set of polymorphic, quality-filtered markers (2,728 SNPs) for QTL interval-mapping. For population validation, 3 traits (seed color, plant color, and awns) were used for QTL mapping and genome-wide association study (GWAS). QTL mapping and GWAS identified 4 major genomic regions located across 3 chromosomes (Chr1, Chr3, and Chr6) that correspond to known genetic loci for the targeted traits. Founders of this population consist of the fertility maintainer (A/B line) gene pool and derived MBL lines could serve as female/seed parents in the cytoplasmic male sterility breeding system. The MBL population will serve as a unique genetic and genomic resource to better characterize the genetics of complex traits and potentially identify superior alleles for crop improvement efforts to enrich the seed parent gene pool.
Maize protein structure resources at the maize genetics and genomics database
Authors: Woodhouse Margaret R , Portwood John L , Sen Shatabdi , Hayford Rita K , Gardiner Jack M , Cannon Ethalinda K , Harper Lisa C , Andorf Carson M 
Published: February 2023

AbstractProtein structures play an important role in bioinformatics, such as in predicting gene function or validating gene model annotation. However, determining protein structure was, until now, costly and time-consuming, which resulted in a structural biology bottleneck. With the release of such programs AlphaFold and ESMFold, this bottleneck has been reduced by several orders of magnitude, permitting protein structural comparisons of entire genomes within reasonable timeframes. MaizeGDB has leveraged this technological breakthrough by offering several new tools to accelerate protein structural comparisons between maize and other plants as well as human and yeast outgroups. MaizeGDB also offers bulk downloads of these comparative protein structure data, along with predicted functional annotation information. In this way, MaizeGDB is poised to assist maize researchers in assessing functional homology, gene model annotation quality, and other information unavailable to maize scientists even a few years ago.
Xenbase: key features and resources of the Xenopus model organism knowledgebase
Authors: Fisher Malcolm , James-Zorn Christina , Ponferrada Virgilio , Bell Andrew J , Sundararaj Nivitha , Segerdell Erik , Chaturvedi Praneet , Bayyari Nadia , Chu Stanley , Pells Troy , Lotay Vaneet , Agalakov Sergei , Wang Dong Zhuo , Arshinoff Bradley I , Foley Saoirse , Karimi Kamran , Vize Peter D , Zorn Aaron M 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Xenbase (https://www.xenbase.org/), the Xenopus model organism knowledgebase, is a web-accessible resource that integrates the diverse genomic and biological data from research on the laboratory frogs Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis. The goal of Xenbase is to accelerate discovery and empower Xenopus research, to enhance the impact of Xenopus research data, and to facilitate the dissemination of these data. Xenbase also enhances the value of Xenopus data through high-quality curation, data integration, providing bioinformatics tools optimized for Xenopus experiments, and linking Xenopus data to human data, and other model organisms. Xenbase also plays an indispensable role in making Xenopus data interoperable and accessible to the broader biomedical community in accordance with FAIR principles. Xenbase provides annotated data updates to organizations such as NCBI, UniProtKB, Ensembl, the Gene Ontology consortium, and most recently, the Alliance of Genomic Resources, a common clearing house for data from humans and model organisms. This article provides a brief overview of key and recently added features of Xenbase. New features include processing of Xenopus high-throughput sequencing data from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus; curation of anatomical, physiological, and expression phenotypes with the newly created Xenopus Phenotype Ontology; Xenopus Gene Ontology annotations; new anatomical drawings of the Normal Table of Xenopus development; and integration of the latest Xenopus laevis v10.1 genome annotations. Finally, we highlight areas for future development at Xenbase as we continue to support the Xenopus research community.
The Effects of Graded Levels of Calorie Restriction: XIX. Impact of Graded Calorie Restriction on Protein Expression in the Liver
Authors: Wang Lu , Derous Davina , Huang Xiahe , Mitchell Sharon E , Douglas Alex , Lusseau David , Wang Yingchun , Speakman John R 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) extends life span by modulating the mechanisms involved in aging. We quantified the hepatic proteome of male C57BL/6 mice exposed to graded levels of CR (0%–40% CR) for 3 months, and evaluated which signaling pathways were most affected. The metabolic pathways most significantly stimulated by the increase in CR, included the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, the fatty acid degradation pathway, the valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation pathway, and the lysine degradation pathway. The metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 pathway was activated and feminized by increased CR, while production in major urinary proteins (Mups) was strongly reduced, consistent with a reduced investment in reproduction as predicted by the disposable soma hypothesis. However, we found no evidence of increased somatic protection, and none of the 4 main pathways implied to be linked to the impact of CR on life span (insulin/insulin-like growth factor [IGF-1], nuclear factor-κB [NF-κB], mammalian Target of Rapamycin [mTOR], and sirtuins) as well as pathways in cancer, were significantly changed at the protein level in relation to the increase in CR level. This was despite previous work at the transcriptome level in the same individuals indicating such changes. On the other hand, we found Aldh2, Aldh3a2, and Aldh9a1 in carnitine biosynthesis and Acsl5 in carnitine shuttle system were up-regulated by increased CR, which are consistent with our previous work on metabolome of the same individuals. Overall, the patterns of protein expression were more consistent with a “clean cupboards” than a “disposable soma” interpretation.
Associations of Height Loss With Cognitive Decline and Incident Dementia in Adults Aged 50 Years and Older
Authors: Guo Jing , Song Suhang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Associations of the rate of height loss (RHL) with cognitive decline and dementia in middle-aged and older adults have not been examined.

Methods
This study included 3 610 participants aged 50 years and older from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Standing height was measured with standardized protocols. RHL was estimated as an annualized percentage of height loss (% per year) during Waves 0–4, and was categorized into slow (&lt;0.1%), medium (≥0.1% and &lt;0.2%), and fast (≥0.2%). Associations between RHL and cognitive decline and incident dementia were analyzed using mixed-effects models and Cox regression models, respectively (Waves 5–9).

Results
There were 283 individuals identified with incident dementia over a mean follow-up of 7.21 years. Compared with participants in the slow group, those in the medium (coefficient [β] = −0.016, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.023 to −0.009) and fast groups (β = −0.030, 95% CI = −0.039 to −0.021) had faster declines in cognition. Faster height loss was also associated with increased risks of incident dementia (medium vs slow, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.03–1.81; fast vs slow, HR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.29–2.37). Besides, associations of RHL with cognitive decline were stronger in females than in males.

Conclusions
Our findings indicated that rapid RHL was associated with faster declines in cognition and elevated risks of dementia. RHL may serve as an early marker of progressed neurodegeneration in middle-aged and older adults.
Association of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption With Mild Cognitive Impairment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Smith Lee , López Sánchez Guillermo F , Veronese Nicola , Soysal Pinar , Oh Hans , Kostev Karel , Rahmati Masoud , Butler Laurie , Gibson Poppy , Keyes Helen , Barnett Yvonne , Shin Jae Il , Koyanagi Ai 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Inadequate fruit and vegetable intake may be associated with cognitive decline but its association with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; a preclinical stage of dementia) is largely unknown. Therefore, we examined the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with MCI among middle-aged and older adults from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods
Cross-sectional, nationally representative data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health were analyzed. MCI was defined using the National Institute on Aging–Alzheimer’s Association criteria. Quintiles of vegetable and fruit consumption were created based on the number of servings consumed on a typical day. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted.

Results
Data on 32 715 individuals aged ≥50 years were analyzed (mean [standard deviation] age 62.1 [15.6] years; 51.7% females). Greater fruit consumption was dose-dependently associated with lower odds for MCI. For example, the highest quintile (vs lowest) had 47% lower odds for MCI (odds ratio [OR] = 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.43–0.66). For vegetable consumption, compared to the lowest quintile, the second to fourth quintiles had significant 38%–44% lower odds for MCI but there was no significant difference for the highest quintile (OR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.59–1.15).

Conclusions
Higher fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with lower odds for MCI among middle-aged and older adults from LMICs, but no significant differences were found between the highest and lowest quintiles of vegetable consumption. Future longitudinal studies are required to explore these findings in more depth, and mechanistic studies are required to elucidate on the observed possible U-shaped association between vegetable consumption and MCI.
Effects of Childcare, Work, and Caregiving Intensity on Male and Female Family Caregivers
Authors: Kim Hansol , Beach Scott R , Friedman Esther M , Donovan Heidi , Schulz Richard 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System sampled 54,076 caregivers between 2015 and 2017 providing an opportunity to evaluate risk factors for poor mental and physical health among a representative sample of U.S. adult caregivers. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of childcare, work status, and intensity of caregiving among men and women caring for older adults (n = 17,271).

Methods
Controlling for sociodemographic factors, separate logistic regression analysis for women and men were carried out to assess the main and interaction effects of childcare, work status, and intensity of caregiving on number of poor mental and physical health days in the last month.

Results
Intensive caregiving demands had adverse effects on both women and men, but being in the workforce was beneficial to both men and women. Women with children at home reported adverse mental health effects but better physical health, while men with children at home reported adverse physical health effects. For women, the combination of not working, children in the household, and high-intensity caregiving were most detrimental to their mental health. Among men, those not working with children in the household, regardless of caregiving intensity, were at highest risk of adverse mental health effects.

Discussion
Our findings identify caregivers at high risk of adverse outcomes but also point to the need for more fine-grained analyses of how families negotiate the allocation of childcare, work, and caregiving responsibilities over time.
The effectiveness of digital sexual health interventions for young adults: a systematic literature review (2010–2020)
Authors: Sewak Aarti , Yousef Murooj , Deshpande Sameer , Seydel Tori , Hashemi Neda 
Published: February 2023

Summary
There has been a proliferation of digital sexual health interventions targeting adolescents; however, limited evaluative reviews have compared the effectiveness of multiple digital tools for sexual health literacy and behaviour change. This study conducted a systematic literature review, screened 9881 records and analysed 61 studies. Findings suggest that websites and mobile phones dominate digital sexual health interventions, with a majority effectively delivering cognitive (e.g. awareness and attitudes about sexual and reproductive health) and behavioural outcomes (e.g. abstinence and use of contraception). The most popular sexual health promotion mechanisms were interactive websites, text messaging and phone calls, and online education programmes, followed by mobile applications—fewer studies in this review utilized social media, games and multimedia. Previous reviews focused on single outcome measures (e.g. sexually transmitted infection testing) to assess interventions’ effectiveness. The current review moves beyond single outcome measures to cover a wider range of behavioural and non-behavioural sexual health issues and contexts covered in the literature. Four main categories were analysed as outcomes: cognitive perceptions, promoting sexual health-related behaviours, promoting sexual health-related products and services, and impact (viral load). Seventy-nine per cent of interventions focused on preventive sexual health behaviours and products (e.g. condoms) and services (e.g. HIV testing). Overall, 75% of studies effectively changed sexual health behaviour and cognitive perceptions. However, the digital-only tools did not vary from the blended formats, in influence outcomes, even after categorizing them into behavioural or non-behavioural outcomes. Compared to previous systematic reviews, more studies from the last decade used rigorous research design in the form of randomized controlled trials, non-randomized control trials, and quasi-experiments and lasted longer.
Surgical cytoreduction and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy for thymic tumours with pleural spread is effective on survival: results from the multicentre German hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy study
Authors: Ried Michael , Hassan Mohamed , Passlick Bernward , Schmid Severin , Markowiak Till , Müller Karolina , Huppertz Gunnar , Koller Michael , Winter Hauke , Klotz Laura V , Hatz Rudolf , Kovács Julia , Zimmermann Julia , Hofmann Hans-Stefan , Eichhorn Martin E 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITOC) is effective on survival for patients with pleural metastatic thymic tumours.

METHODS
Multicentre, retrospective analysis of patients with stage IVa thymic tumours treated with surgical resection and HITOC. Primary end point was overall survival, secondary end points were recurrence-/progression-free survival and morbidity/mortality.

RESULTS
A total of n = 58 patients (thymoma, n = 42; thymic carcinoma, n = 15; atypical carcinoid of the thymus, n = 1) were included, who had primary pleural metastases (n = 50; 86%) or pleural recurrence (n = 8; 14%). Lung-preserving resection (n = 56; 97%) was the preferred approach. Macroscopically complete tumour resection was achieved in n = 49 patients (85%). HITOC was performed with cisplatin alone (n = 38; 66%) or in combination with doxorubicin (n = 20; 34%). Almost half of the patients (n = 28; 48%) received high-dose cisplatin &gt; 125 mg/m2 body surface area. Surgical revision was required in 8 (14%) patients. In-hospital mortality rate was 2%. During follow-up, tumour recurrence/progression was evident in n = 31 (53%) patients. Median follow-up time was 59 months. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 95%, 83% and 77%, respectively. Recurrence/progression-free survival rates were 89%, 54% and 44%, respectively. Patients with thymoma had significantly better survival compared to patients with thymic carcinoma (P-value ≤0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Promising survival rates in patients with pleural metastatic stage IVa in thymoma (94%) and even in thymic carcinoma (41%) were achieved. Surgical resection and HITOC is safe and effective for treatment of patients with pleural metastatic thymic tumours stage IVa.
Cooling, heating and power system
Authors: Chen Tzu-Chia , Rashidov Rustam , Treve Mark , Mahdi Ahmed B , Hammid Ali Thaeer , Jalil Abduladheem Turki , Shamel Ali 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Systems of cogeneration of cooling, heating and electric power with renewable energy sources are a very suitable solution for the independency of fossil fuels and reducing the emission of environmental pollutants. In this research, an internal combustion engine with a boiler and a linear parabolic concentrating collector has been used to realize the production of electrical and thermal energy. That the internal combustion engine is responsible for the production of electric power, which is responsible for the thermal energy by the concentrated linear collector with the boiler and the heat exchanger. Due to the need for thermal energy at different times, a thermal storage tank has been used in such a way that the thermal energy produced by the solar collector and boiler is stored in the tank to supply the load at the required times. The results show that the total cost of final products for one day of the hottest month of summer in the proposed thermal power plant with fossil fuel will be $69.3 and $63.5, respectively, and for 1 day of the coldest month of winter, the total cost of producing final products in the proposed and fossil system will be $31.6 and $28.5, respectively.