bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numeric social-media posts engage people with climate science
Authors: Peters Ellen , Markowitz David , Nadratowski Ariel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Innumeracy (lack of math skills) among non-scientists often leads climate scientists and others to avoid communicating numbers due to concerns that the public won’t understand them and may disengage. However, people report preferring to receive numbers; providing them also improves some decisions. Here, we demonstrate that providing numbers in climate-related social-media posts increased engagement from 11.5–46.7% in two pre-registered observational studies (climate scientists on twitter, N = 8,003,920 likes and retweets; climate subreddit, N = 17,501 posts and comments). Results of a pre-registered experiment (N = 212) further revealed that providing precise numeric information about climate consequences, in particular, led to more engagement and greater trust and perceptions of an expert messenger. Because science on social media has the potential to reach more people, scientists and climate communicators might want to harness the power of numbers to increase public concern regarding this defining issue of our time.
Size-mediated competitive interactions between an invasive and an imperiled crayfish may explain extirpation of the imperiled species
Authors: Tripp Nicole , VanBuren Hannah , Reisinger Lindsey S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Interference competition between native and invasive species can be an important driver of the local extirpation of native species; however, extinctions resulting from competition are rare. Here we investigate competitive interactions between an invasive and an imperiled crayfish to assess whether competition is an important mechanism behind this species replacement. Freshwater crayfish are one of the most imperiled taxonomic groups in North America, and nonnative crayfish pose a major threat to native crayfishes. Many crayfish have limited distributions, so merely moving crayfish between adjacent drainages can cause species replacements that threaten native species. Here, we examine competitive interactions between the imperiled Black Creek crayfish (BCC; Procambarus pictus), which is endemic to the lower St. Johns River drainage, Florida, and the white tubercled crayfish (WTC; P. spiculifer), an introduced species from a neighboring drainage. We found that WTC grew more rapidly than BCC in common conditions, and when WTC was larger, this species won aggressive interactions and was dominant in shelter competition with the imperiled species. However, when the species were size matched, BCC was more competitive than WTC. These results highlight the importance of size and growth rate for determining the outcome of interference competition. WTC is replacing BCC throughout a substantial portion of its limited range, and our results suggest that size-mediated competition between these species may be an important mechanism for this species replacement.
Selective optogenetic modulation of the PBN terminals in the lateral hypothalamic area and basal forebrain regulates emergence from isoflurane anesthesia in mice
Authors: Lu Kai , Wang Zhenhuan , Bai Ning , Zhao Ziyu , Zhao Xinrong , He Yun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Although the mechanism of general anesthesia has been extensively studied, the underlying neural circuitry remains to be fully elucidated. The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) is vital for modulating wakefulness and promoting arousal from general anesthesia. However, it remains unclear that the role of the PBN projections in the process of general anesthesia. Bilaterally injecting AAV associated viruses encoding excitatory or inhibitory optogenetic probes into the PBN, and then implanting the optical fibers in the LH or BF area bilaterally. After four weeks, the two PBN-LH and PBN-BF pathways were optogenetically activated or inhibited under 1.5 vol% isoflurane. The time of induction of and emergence from anesthesia was calculated. Burst-suppression ratio changes were determined simultaneously using electroencephalogram recording. We found that optogenetic activation of the PBN-LH and PBN-BF projections was involved in promoting both the cortical and behavioral emergence from isoflurane inhalation but had no significant impact on the induction time. Furthermore, photoinhibition of the two pathways prolonged the recovery time and there was also no apparent difference during the induction stage. Therefore, our results demonstrated that the PBN-LH and PBN-BF pathways are crucial for promoting arousal from isoflurane general anesthesia, but have no obvious effects on the induction phase.
Online public concern about allergic rhinitis and its association with COVID-19 and air quality in China: an informative epidemiological study using Baidu Index
Authors: Yu Yi , Zhang Qinzhun , Yao Xinmeng , Wu Jinghua , He Jialu , He Yinan , Jiang Huaqiang , Lu Dongxin , Ye Chengyin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Allergic rhinitis is a common health concern that affects quality of life. This study aims to examine the online search trends of allergic rhinitis in China before and after the COVID-19 epidemic and to explore the association between the daily air quality and online search volumes of allergic rhinitis in Beijing.
Methods
We extracted the online search data of allergic rhinitis-related keywords from the Baidu index database from January 23, 2017 to June 23, 2022. We analyzed and compared the temporal distribution of online search behaviors across different themes of allergic rhinitis before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China, using the Baidu search index (BSI). We also obtained the air quality index (AQI) data in Beijing and assessed its correlation with daily BSIs of allergic rhinitis.
Results
The online search for allergic rhinitis in China showed significant seasonal variations, with two peaks each year in spring from March to May and autumn from August and October. The BSI of total allergic rhinitis-related searches increased gradually from 2017 to 2019, reaching a peak in April 2019, and declined after the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in the first half of 2020. The BSI for all allergic rhinitis themes was significantly lower after the COVID-19 pandemic than before (all p values < 0.05). The results also revealed that, in Beijing, there was a significant negative association between daily BSI and AQI for each allergic rhinitis theme during the original variant strain epidemic period and a significant positive correlation during the Omicron variant period.
Conclusion
Both air quality and the interventions used for COVID-19 pandemic, including national and local quarantines and mask wearing behaviors, may have affected the incidence and public concern about allergic rhinitis in China. The online search trends of allergic rhinitis can provide useful information for health authorities and professionals to monitor the public needs and interests and to deliver timely and tailored health education and prevention strategies.
Drug-eluting Balloon for Treatment of Non-atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis——a Multi-center Study
Authors: Song Xitao , Fu Yining , Lai Zhichao , Di Xiao , Zeng Rong , Shao Jiang , Ni Leng , Liu Zhili , Song Xiaojun , Ye Wei , Liu Changwei , Liu Bao , Zheng Yuehong , Chen Yuexin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a significant reason for secondary hypertension. Impaired renal function and subsequent cardiopulmonary dysfunction could also occur. Patients of non-atherosclerotic RAS has a relatively young age and long life expectancy. Revascularization with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is a viable treatment option. However, restenosis is unavoidable which limits its use. Drug-eluting balloon (DEB) has been proven to be effective in restenosis prevention in femoropopliteal arterial diseases and in patients with non-atherosclerotic RAS. Therefore, we could speculate that DEB might have potential efficacy in non-atherosclerotic RAS treatment.
Methods and analysis
This will be a randomized multi-center controlled trial. Eighty-four eligible participants will be assigned randomly in a 1:1 ratio to the control group (POB) and the experimental group (DEB). Subjects in the former group will receive balloon dilatation alone, and in the latter group will undergo the DEB angioplasty. The DEB used in this study will be a paclitaxel-coated balloon (Orchid, Acotec Scientific Holdings Limited, Beijing, China). Follow-up visits will be scheduled 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the intervention. Primary outcomes will include clinical benefits and primary patency in the 9-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes will include technical success rate, complication rate, and bail-out stenting rate.
Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT 05858190)
Protocol version V.4 (3 May 2023).
Inhibitory activities of essential oils from Syzygium aromaticum on emergence of Echinochloa crus-galli
Authors: Ni xianzhi , bai haodong , Han jincai , Zhou yong , Bai zhendong , Luo siquan , Xu jingjing , Jin chenzhong , Li Zuren 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Echinochloa crus-galli is a serious weed species in rice paddies. To obtain a new potential bioherbicide, we evaluated the inhibitory activities of 13 essential oils and their active substances against E. crus-galli. Essential oil from Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry (SAEO) exhibited the highest herbicidal activity (EC50 = 3.87 mg mL-1) among the 13 essential oils evaluated. The SAEO was isolated at six different temperatures by vacuum fractional distillation, including 164 ℃, 165 ℃ (SAEO − 165), 169 ℃, 170 ℃ 175 ℃ and 180 ℃. The SAEO − 165 had the highest inhibitory rate against E. crus-galli. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high phase liquid chromatography identified Eugenol (EC50 = 4.07 mg mL-1), α-caryophyllene (EC50 = 17.34 mg mL-1) and β-caryophyllene (EC50 = 96.66 mg mL-1) as the three compounds in SAEO. Results from a safety bioassay showed that the tolerance of rice seedling (~ 20% inhibition) was higher than that of E. crus-galli (~ 70% inhibition) under SAEO stress. Additionally, defense enzymes in E. crus-galli and rice seedling showed decreased activities, but only CAT levels were affected under SAEO treatment. Our results indicate that SAEO has a potential for development into a new selective bio-herbicide. They also provide an example of a sustainable management strategy for E. crus-galli in rice paddies.
Screening for Human Trafficking among Refugees in Germany: Determining Prevalence and Test Accuracy of a Modified Version of the Adult Human Trafficking Screening Tool
Authors: Stollwerck Estella Alejandra Tambini , Rollmann Ivo , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Nikendei Christoph 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Human trafficking consists of the exploitation of a person by means of force, intimidation or deceit. Though it occurs all over the world, its true extent is still unknown. Refugees are especially vulnerable to human trafficking due to language barriers and difficult living conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design a screening tool to identify survivors of human trafficking among refugees in a German state registration and reception centre.
Methods
In a joint project with the Ministry of Justice and Migration Baden-Württemberg and the Regional Administrative Authority of Karlsruhe (‘Regierungspräsidium’), we asked newly arrived refugees at the initial reception centre in Heidelberg about their experiences with human trafficking. We used a combination of the Adult Human Trafficking Screening Tool and one question borrowed from a publication by Mumma et al. to address all forms of exploitation. The results of the screening tool were cross-checked by a short interview afterwards.
Results
In total, 13 of the 176 asylum seekers had experienced trafficking, which corresponded to a prevalence of 7.3%. The questionnaire had a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 84.0% at a newly selected cut-off of six positive responses. In an exploratory descriptive analysis on subregions, refugees from West Africa had a substantially higher prevalence (33.3%) for human trafficking within our sample, especially women. However, when we excluded this region from our analysis, we found no significant gender difference for the rest of the sample.
Conclusions
The screening tool distinguishes reliably those who had experienced human trafficking from other refugees. The high prevalence of trafficking in most regions, regardless of gender, suggests that more effort is needed to identify and protect all trafficked persons.
Downregulation of galactomannan galactosyltransferase in Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
Authors: VERMA SWATI , Dhugga Kanwarpal S. , Gill Kulvinder S. , Randhawa Gursharn Singh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Guar is a legume of industrial importance due to the presence of gum (galactomannan) in its seed endosperm. The mannose (M)/galactose (G) ratio in galactomannan molecule is critical in deciding the physico-chemical properties of guar gum. Gum with reduced galactose content has better commercial value due to better viscosity. We report down regulation of galactomannan galactosyltransferase (GMGT) which links G residues to the M backbone in galactomannan molecule. The target GMGT sequence for RNAi was directionally cloned into pENTRTM/D-TOPO® vector, followed by a LR recombination reaction with pANDA vector. The constructed gmgt RNAi cassette was delivered into guar tissue using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer. The cotyledonary node explants were pre-cultured for 72 h and co-cultivated with A. tumefaciens strain harbouring the gmgt RNAi cassette for 24 h. Maximum number of putative transformed shoots regenerated from the cotyledonary node explants cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 1.5 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 4.0 mg/L butyric acid (BA) and 1.0 mg/L gibberellic acid (GA3). In vitro regenerated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium containing 4% sucrose and 2 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed reduced levels of GMGT expression in the seed endosperm of 35 days after flowering (DAF) stage pods. The present findings are expected to be beneficial in taking up of gene characterization and improvement of agronomic traits in guar.
Future Perspective for Core-Electron Spectroscopy:Breit Hamiltonian in the Multiwavelets Framework
Authors: Tantardini Christian , Eikås Roberto Di Remigio , Bjørgve Magnar , Jensen Stig Rune , Frediani Luca 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
New techniques in core-electron spectroscopy are necessary to solve the structures of oxides of f -elements and other stronglycorrelated materials that are present only as powders and not as single crystals. Thus, more accurate quantum chemicalmethods need to be developed to calculate core spectroscopic properties in such materials. Here, we have presented the firstdevelopment in such a direction, extending fully adaptive real-space multiwavelet basis to 4-component Dirac-Coulomb-BreitHamiltonian. Multiwavelets were seen to be robust enough to reproduce the more traditional grid-based approach, as availablein GRASP. This was seen to be independent of the nuclear charge model chosen and strictly correlated with the tolerance andthe order of chosen Legendre polynomial of multiwavelets. Furthermore, our results confirmed that in two-electron species, themagnetic and Gauge contributions from s-orbitals are identical in magnitude and can account for the experimental evidencefrom K and L edges.
Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Gastrointestinal Motility in Rats with Functional Dyspepsia Via PLC/IP3 Signaling
Authors: Yang De-Qian , Chen Qi , Jin Shu-Wen , Xu Pai-Di 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Gastrointestinal motility disorders are one of the main pathogenic factors responsible for functional dyspepsia (FD). Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α-positive (PDGFRα+) cells participate in regulating gastrointestinal motility; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to assess the therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) and determine whether EA modulates the phospholipase C (PLC)-inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (PLC-IP3) pathway in PDGFRα+ cells to improve gastrointestinal motility disorders in FD. Accordingly, FD rats stimulated by tail-clamping were treated with EA (with or without PLC inhibitor U73122). We observed that the PLC-IP3 pathway was modulated in PDGFRα+ cells, which improved gastrointestinal motility in FD model rats. Based on western blotting and immunofluorescence assay results, EA increased the expression of PDGFRα+ cells and promoted the expression of PLC, P-PLC, and IP3 in the gastric sinuses of FD rats. U73122-mediated inhibition of PLC expression treatment considerably reduced the frequency of gastrointestinal motility. However, there was no significant difference between the effects of antagonist and antagonist + EA treatments; EA treatment was superior to antagonist and antagonist + EA treatment alone. Overall, these results suggest that EA could ameliorate gastrointestinal motility disorders in FD rats by activating the PLC-IP3 pathway in PDGFRα+ cells.
A Diagnostic Model for Sepsis-induced Acute Lung Injury Using a Consensus Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Zheng Yongxin , Wang Jinping , Ling Zhaoyi , Zhang Jiamei , Zeng Yuan , Wang Ke , Zhang Yu , Nong Lingbo , Sang Ling , Xu Yonghao , Liu Xiaoqing , Li Yimin , Huang Yongbo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a heterogenous syndrome with high incidence and mortality. The diagnosis is often delayed which requires a chest imaging. Identifying diagnostic biomarkers may improve screening to identify septic patients at high risk of ALI earlier and provide the potential effective therapeutic drugs. Gene signatures obtained from peripheral blood have been shown to be dysregulated in sepsis and sepsis-induced ALI, which could provide additional noninvasive means for diagnosis. Machine learning algorithms are strong methods which can improve our ability to find relevant features in large and high-dimension data from gene expression profiles. The study aimed to develop a robust diagnostic model for the prediction of sepsis-induced ALI by using multiple machine learning algorithms, and validate the model for its predictive capability in external datasets.Methods The datasets were obtained from GEO and ArrayExpress databases. Following quality control and normalization, the datasets (GSE66890, GSE10474 and GSE32707) were merged as the training set, and four machine learning feature selection methods (Elastic net, svm, random forest and XGBoost) were applied to construct the diagnostic model. The other datasets were considered as the validation sets. Then, we explore the function of selected features and assess the correlation between selected features and immune cells. To further evaluated the performance and predictive value of diagnostic model, nomogram, Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) and Clinical Impact Curve (CIC) were constructed. Finally, the potential small molecular compounds interacting with selected features were explored from CTD database.Results The results of GSEA showed that immune response and metabolism might play an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced ALI. Then, 52 genes were identified as putative biomarkers by consensus feature selection from all four methods. Among them, 5 genes (ARHGDIB, ALDH1A1, TACR3, TREM1 and PI3) were selected by all methods and used to predict ALI diagnosis with high accuracy. The external datasets (E-MTAB-5273 and E-MTAB-5274) demonstrated that the diagnostic model have great accuracy with AUC value was 0.725 and 0.833, respectively. In addition, the nomogram, DCA and CIC showed that the diagnostic model had great performance and predictive value. Finally, the small molecular compounds (Curcumin, Tretinoin, Estradiol and Dexamethasone) were screened as the potential therapeutic agents for sepsis-induced ALI.Conclusion This consensus of multiple machine learning algorithms identified 5 genes (ARHGDIB, ALDH1A1, TACR3, TREM1 and PI3) that were able to distinguish ALI from septic patients. The diagnostic model could identify septic patients at high risk of ALI, and provide a promising therapeutic target for sepsis-induced ALI.
The Silent Threat of a Non-native Oligochaete Species in Iran's freshwater: Assessment of the Diversity and Origin of Eiseniella tetraedra (Savigny, 1826) and its Response to Climate Change
Authors: Azimi Maryam , Bagheri Maryam , Khoshnamvand Hadi , Abdoli Asghar , Ahmadzadeh Faraham 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Oligochaetes are the most abundant benthic taxa in aquatic ecosystems that play an important role in food webs and energy transmission. The aim of the current study is to assess the origin and diversity of Eiseniella tetraedra a non-native species of Lar National Park in Alborz Mountain ranges of Iran and also its response to current and future climate change. To this, we collected the specimen (23 samples) from Lar National Park Rivers and performed the mitochondrial gene, mitochondrial Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) combining them with 117 sequences from Jajroud, Karaj River in Iran and native regions from GenBank (NCBI). We also used an ensemble model approach for Species Distribution Modelings (SDMs) that it was estimated according to two Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs): 126 and 585 of the MRI-ESM2 based on CMIP6. According to our results, all the samples examined in the current study originated from Spanish rivers and there was no unique haplotype found in Lar National Park. Moreover, The results also show high haplotype diversity that can have a positive effect on the success of its non-native in the different freshwater of Iran. As well as, the result of SDMs maps illustrated that climate change would significantly affect the distribution of E. tetraedra and it showed a sharp tendency to expand and verified the invasion power of the E. tetraedra in Iran's freshwater ecosystems over time.
In vitro photodynamic inactivation of B. subtilis and E. coli O157 by a new chalcone conjugate photosensitizer tethered with the NMe 2 group as fluorescence donor auxochrome
Authors: Abd-Allah Aalaa Khaled El-Sayed , Alexeree Shimaa M. , Attia Yasser A. , Rizk Sameh Ahmed , Aly Mohamed R. E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
4-Azido-2,6-dimethylquinolie 2 was prepared and coupled under the CuAAC conditions with a set of propargylated chalcones 3a-e & 4a,b, and a ferrocene-chalcone conjugate 5. These couplings afforded a new series of tripod and tetrapod 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles 6a-e, 7a,b, and 8 for potential divergent applications. In vitro antimicrobial screening disclosed their negative antifungal activity against A. flavus and C. albicans. Similarly, they were inactive against S. aureus and E. coli except the chalcone 6e which was 39% as active as the antibiotics that target these organisms. Compound 6d displayed fluorescence in DMSO under the influence of 365 nm UV irradiation, absorption at λmax = 421 which falls within the blue range, and fluorescence emission at λmax = 523 nm. As photosensitizer (PS) of ROS in the presence of blue LED irradiation at a dose of 12 J/cm2, it displayed better in vitro photodynamic inactivation than antibiotics against B. subtilis and E. coli O157. The activity against the positive-type bacteria was better than the Gram-negative one due to penetration intolerance by the outer membrane of the negative type as displayed by the confocal microscope images. Therefore, the activity is attributed to intracellular bacterial poisoning by the photo-generated ROS rather than membrane disruption.