bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modification of 3D‐Printed PLA Structures Using Photo‐Iniferter Polymerization: Toward On‐Demand Antimicrobial Water Filters
Authors: Lehnen Anne‐Catherine , Hanke Sebastian , Schneider Matthias , Radelof Charlotte M. L. , Perestrelo Joana , Reinicke Stefan , Reifarth Martin , Taubert Andreas , Arndt Katja M. , Hartlieb Matthias 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWater filtration is an important application to ensure the accessibility of clean drinking water. As requirements and contaminants vary on a local level, adjustable filter devices and their evaluation with contaminants are required. Within this work, modular filter devices are designed featuring an adjustable surface functionalization. For this purpose, 3D‐printed structures are created consisting of bio‐based poly(lactic acid) (PLA) that are manufactured by extrusion printing. The surface of PLA is activated with amino groups that are used to install xanthates as chain transfer agents. Subsequently, photo‐iniferter (PI) polymerization is used to create cationic polymer brushes on the surface of PLA substrates. Multiple surface characterization techniques are employed to prove successful growth of polymer brushes on PLA. After initial optimization studies on flat surfaces, filter devices are printed, functionalized, and used to remove bacteria from contaminated water. Significant reduction of the number of microorganisms is detected after filtration (single filtration or cycling) and contaminating organism can also be removed from freshwater samples by simple incubation with a 3D‐printed filter. The herein developed setup for producing functional filter devices and probing their performance in affinity filtration is a useful platform technology, enabling the rapid testing of polymer brushes for such applications.
First home or first away? Optimal ordering in two‐legged ties
Authors: Jost Peter‐J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe model a two‐legged tie between two teams as a two‐stage contest where each team chooses its attacking and defending effort for each leg. Assuming that each team has a home advantage for one of the matches, we analyze teams' preferences of order of play under different tiebreaking rules. We show that the answer depends on the size of the home advantage, the relative strengths of both teams, and the tiebreaking rule. In particular, we identify under which conditions a team prefers to play first home or first away and under which conditions they are indifferent.
Chemoimmunotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma—Summary and discussion of recent clinical trials
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Huang Jiaqian , Xu Yuhong , Luo Huiyan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs a kind of carcinoma with increasing morbidity, poor prognosis, and high mortality, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is challenging for clinical management. Chemotherapy has been the standard treatment for ESCC over decades, while its clinical outcomes remain unsatisfying. And the regimen that combine standard chemotherapy with targeted therapy also demonstrates little effect. However, the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) proved to be a game changer in cancer treatment. Recent clinical trials had sprung up to evaluate the combined effect of ICI and chemotherapy regarding first‐line ESCC treatment. What's more, researchers attempt to explore the possibility to implement ICI monotherapy regarding second‐line ESCC treatment. In conclusion, most of the first‐line trails present inspiring achievement, while ICI monotherapy indicates little improvement for ESCC treatment. To point out the heterogenicity that could be the potential reasons biasing the pooled results, the differences of PD‐L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays, geographic regions, chemotherapy regimens, and sex disparity among these trails are discussed respectively. In addition, the adverse events occurred during the trails are summarized, which confirm the safety of immunotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy. The article comprehensively reviews the representative explorations of using chemoimmunotherapy strategies in ESCC, as well as the deficiencies among them. Moreover, we highlight some feasible approaches. It will be beneficial for conducting more precise clinical trials on chemoimmunotherapy for ESCC in the future, including the use of more appropriate PD‐L1 IHC assays, careful consideration of the heterogeneity of the enrolled population and the optimal combination of chemotherapy and ICI.
Jute woven fabric modified by phosphorus‐containing organosilicon compound reinforced flame retardant polylactic acid composites with enhanced flame retardant and mechanical properties
Authors: Zheng Ran , Chen Yajun , Sun Zhe , Zhang Jian , Deng Yaxin , Xu Xueling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBalancing the flame retardant properties and mechanical performance is important for flame retardant composites. In this research, the polylactic acid (PLA)/fiber composite is prepared by treating jute woven fabric with phosphorus‐containing organosilicon compound (PCOC) and adding intumescent flame retardant (IFR) to PLA using a film‐stacking procedure, which is named flame retardant PLA (FRPLA)/PC‐F. The flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PLA/fiber composites were studied and analyzed. Mechanical/flame retardant index (M/F index) was developed to compare the comprehensive properties of the composites. The limited oxygen index (LOI) test results show the LOI value of FRPLA/PC‐F reaches 34.1%, 14.1% higher than untreated PLA/fiber composite (PLA/F). In the cone calorimeter test, the pk‐heat release rate (HRR) value of FRLA/PC‐F decreases from 549 to 388 kW/m2 compared with PLA/F. In addition, the char yield of FRPLA/PC‐F increases from 1.9% (PLA/F) to 18.6%. The scanning electron microscope images of the char yield for FRPLA/PC‐F obtained from cone calorimetry test shows a continuous network structure with the fibrous skeleton completely wrapping by the dense and uniform char layer, which plays a barrier effect that inhibits the release of volatile substance and the transfer of heat. Meanwhile, FRPLA/PC‐F exhibits 28% and 19% improvement in tensile strength and impact strength compared with PLA/F due to the boost of interfacial adhesion between fiber and PLA. The M/F index of FRPLA/PC‐F is 1.15, which is the highest among all the composites, proving the best comprehensive properties and practical applicability. The results in this manuscript above make a great development, which is attractive in the design of PLA/fiber composites with great comprehensive performance.
Recent Advances in Pathology: the 2023 Annual Review Issue of The Journal of Pathology
Authors: Jones J Louise , Poulsom Richard , Coates Philip J 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe 2023 Annual Review Issue of The Journal of Pathology, Recent Advances in Pathology, contains 12 invited reviews on topics of current interest in pathology. This year, our subjects include immuno‐oncology and computational pathology approaches for diagnostic and research applications in human disease. Reviews on the tissue microenvironment include the effects of apoptotic cell‐derived exosomes, how understanding the tumour microenvironment predicts prognosis, and the growing appreciation of the diverse functions of fibroblast subtypes in health and disease. We also include up‐to‐date reviews of modern aspects of the molecular basis of malignancies, and our final review covers new knowledge of vascular and lymphatic regeneration in cardiac disease. All of the reviews contained in this issue are written by expert groups of authors selected to discuss the recent progress in their particular fields and all articles are freely available online (https://pathsocjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10969896). © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transparency for what purpose?: Designing outcomes‐focused transparency tactics for digital platforms
Authors: Geng Yinuo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTransparency has long been held up as the solution to the societal harms caused by digital platforms' use of algorithms. However, what transparency means, how to create meaningful transparency, and what behaviors can be altered through transparency are all ambiguous legal and policy questions. This paper argues for beginning with clarifying the desired outcome (the “why”) before focusing on transparency processes and tactics (the “how”). Moving beyond analyses of the ways algorithms impact human lives, this research articulates an approach that tests and implements the right set of transparency tactics aligned to specific predefined behavioral outcomes we want to see on digital platforms. To elaborate on this approach, three specific desirable behavioral outcomes are highlighted, to which potential transparency tactics are then mapped. No single set of transparency tactics can solve all the harms possible from digital platforms, making such an outcomes‐focused transparency tactic selection approach the best suited to the constantly‐evolving nature of algorithms, digital platforms, and our societies.
Prospects of blockchain governance: Understanding key public values, principles, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Kassen Maxat 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe article elaborates on the potential of blockchain technology to transform governance in different sectors of economy. The research primarily relies on rich empirical data that have been collected from semistructured interviews and focus group studies with professional blockchain developers. In this regard, the article aims to answer the following questions: How could blockchain governance conceptually work? How could one illustrate schematically key principles of its implementation? What are the key features of blockchain governance? Why are they important? What benefits could the concept bring to different sectors of economy if its potential is realized? What are the typical barriers and limitations of blockchain governance? What could be recommended to overcome them?
Regulating tuwei culture and migrant youth through Kuaishou's platform governance
Authors: Zhou Min , Liu Shih‐Diing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study examines the platform governance of Kuaishou, a popular short‐video and live‐streaming platform that attracts many youngsters from rural areas in China. The platform's economy encourages these migrant youth to participate as content producers, offering them hope for upward mobility. Nevertheless, their cultural practices have frequently faced criticism for being vulgar and low‐brow. This article focuses on the evolving forms of platform governance, exploring how the state and the platform collaborate to devise new strategies for regulating users' cultural practices and how migrant youth creatively respond to increasing censorship measures. Drawing on over 4 years of field observation spanning from July 2017 to February 2022, this study investigates the dynamic process of the state's alliance with the platform. This alliance encompasses a range of approaches, from direct control to co‐optation and cooperation, as both the platform and its users actively engage with the state's political agenda to avoid punitive measures. The research suggests that migrant youth's platform practices cannot be simply characterized as a subculture subordinate to state‐approved narratives. Instead, they represent a complex negotiation involving the platform, the state, and subaltern subjects.
System identification for high‐performance UAV control in wind
Authors: Shastry Animesh K. , Paley Derek A. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThis article describes and experimentally evaluates a comprehensive system identification framework for high‐performance UAV control in wind. The framework incorporates both linear offline and nonlinear online methods to estimate model parameters in support of a nonlinear model‐based control implementation. Inertial parameters of the UAV are estimated using a frequency‐domain linear system identification program by incorporating control data obtained from motor‐speed sensing along with state estimates from an automated frequency sweep maneuver. The drag‐force coefficients and external wind are estimated recursively in flight with a square‐root unscented Kalman filter. A custom flight controller is developed to handle the computational demand of the online estimation and control. Flight experiments illustrate the nonlinear controller's tracking performance and enhanced gust rejection capability.
Bearing‐only containment control of multi‐agent systems
Authors: Duan Mengmeng , Yang Ziwen , Zhu Shanying , Chen Cailian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBearing‐only containment control means to achieve containment using only the bearing information, rather than the complete relative position information including both the bearing and the distance. Compared with the most existing relative position based containment control algorithms, the bearing‐only containment control algorithm is nonlinear due to the nonlinearity of the bearing, which renders the stability analysis challenging. In this article, the bearing‐only containment control problem of multi‐agent systems with dynamically changing topologies is investigated for two cases, where the leaders are stationary or dynamic. First, when the leaders are stationary, it is shown that the nonlinearity of the bearing leads to the unknown nonlinear time‐varying parameters in the system. Based on the boundedness of the nonlinear parameters and the connectivity of the switching directed sensing graphs, it is proven that all the followers converge to the stationary convex hull formed by the leaders asymptotically. Second, when the leaders are dynamic, a distributed estimator is proposed for each follower to keep a local estimate of the velocity of the leaders. Based on the optimality of the projection and the shift invariance of the normal cone, it is proven that all the followers converge to the dynamic convex hull formed by the leaders asymptotically under the conditions on the switching directed sensing and communication graphs. It is shown from the two cases that the distance information is not necessary for containment control, and containment can be achieved as long as the bearing information is provided. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the theoretical results.
Confidence intervals for the Cox model test error from cross‐validation
Authors: Sun Min Woo , Tibshirani Robert 
Published: August 2023

SummaryCross‐validation (CV) is one of the most widely used techniques in statistical learning for estimating the test error of a model, but its behavior is not yet fully understood. It has been shown that standard confidence intervals for test error using estimates from CV may have coverage below nominal levels. This phenomenon occurs because each sample is used in both the training and testing procedures during CV and as a result, the CV estimates of the errors become correlated. Without accounting for this correlation, the estimate of the variance is smaller than it should be. One way to mitigate this issue is by estimating the mean squared error of the prediction error instead using nested CV. This approach has been shown to achieve superior coverage compared to intervals derived from standard CV. In this work, we generalize the nested CV idea to the Cox proportional hazards model and explore various choices of test error for this setting.
Back-to-back inclusive dijets in DIS at small x: gluon Weizsäcker-Williams distribution at NLO
Authors: Caucal Paul , Salazar Farid , Schenke Björn , Stebel Tomasz , Venugopalan Raju 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In [1], we performed the first complete computation of the back-to-back inclusive dijet cross-section in Deeply Inelastic Scattering (DIS) at small xBj to next-to-leading order (NLO) in the Color Glass Condensate effective field theory (CGC EFT). We demonstrate here that for dijets with relative transverse momentum P⊥ and transverse momentum imbalance q⊥, to leading power in q⊥/P⊥, the cross-section for longitudinally polarized photons can be fully factorized into the product of a perturbative impact factor and the non-perturbative Weizsäcker-Williams (WW) transverse momentum dependent (TMD) gluon distribution to NLO accuracy. The impact factor can further be expressed as the product of a universal soft factor which resums Sudakov double and single logs in P⊥/q⊥ and a coefficient function given by a remarkably compact analytic expression. We show that in the CGC EFT the WW TMD satisfies a kinematically constrained JIMWLK renormalization group evolution in rapidity. This factorization formula is valid to all orders in Qs/q⊥ for q⊥, Qs ≪ P⊥, where Qs is the semi-hard saturation scale that grows with rapidity.
Toward a complete description of b → uℓ−$$ \overline{\nu} $$ within the Weak Effective Theory decays
Authors: Leljak Domagoj , Melić Blaženka , Novak Filip , Reboud Méril , van Dyk Danny 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We fit the available data on exclusive semileptonic b → uℓ−$$ \overline{\nu} $$

ν
¯

decays within the Standard Model and in the Weak Effective Theory. Assuming Standard Model dynamics, we find $$ \left|{V}_{ub}\right|={3.59}_{-0.12}^{+0.13}\times {10}^{-3} $$

V
ub

=

3.59

−
0.12

+
0.13

×

10

−
3

. Lifting this assumption, we obtain stringent constraints on the coefficients of the ubℓν sector of the Weak Effective Theory. Performing a Bayesian model comparison, we find that a beyond the Standard Model interpretation is favoured over a Standard Model interpretation of the available data. We provide a Gaussian mixture model that enables the efficient use of our fit results in subsequent analyses beyond the Standard Model, within and beyond the framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory.
Parity violating scalar-tensor model in teleparallel gravity and its cosmological application
Authors: Rao Haomin , Zhao Dehao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The parity violating model based on teleparallel gravity is a competitive scheme for parity violating gravity, which has been preliminary studied in the literature. To further investigate the parity violating model in teleparallel gravity, in this paper, we construct all independent parity-odd terms that are quadratic in torsion tensor and coupled to a scalar field in a way without higher-order derivatives. Using these parity-odd terms, we formulate a general parity violating scalar-tensor model in teleparallel gravity and obtain its equations of motion. To explore potentially viable models within the general model, we investigate the cosmological application of a submodel of the general model in which terms above the second power of torsion are eliminated. We focus on analyzing cosmological perturbations and identify the conditions that preserve the parity violating signal of gravitational waves at linear order while avoiding the ghost instability.
Quantum groups, non-commutative AdS2, and chords in the double-scaled SYK model
Authors: Berkooz Micha , Isachenkov Misha , Narayan Prithvi , Narovlansky Vladimir 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study the double-scaling limit of SYK (DS-SYK) model and elucidate the underlying quantum group symmetry. The DS-SYK model is characterized by a parameter q, and in the q → 1 and low-energy limit it goes over to the familiar Schwarzian theory. We relate the chord and transfer-matrix picture to the motion of a “boundary particle” on the Euclidean Poincaré disk, which underlies the single-sided Schwarzian model. AdS2 carries an action of $$ \mathfrak{sl} $$
sl
(2, ℝ) ≃ $$ \mathfrak{su} $$
su
(1, 1), and we argue that the symmetry of the full DS-SYK model is a certain q-deformation of the latter, namely $$ {\mathcal{U}}_{\sqrt{q}} $$

U

q

($$ \mathfrak{su} $$
su
(1, 1)). We do this by obtaining the effective Hamiltonian of the DS-SYK as a (reduction of) particle moving on a lattice deformation of AdS2, which has this $$ {\mathcal{U}}_{\sqrt{q}} $$

U

q

($$ \mathfrak{su} $$
su
(1, 1)) algebra as its symmetry. We also exhibit the connection to non-commutative geometry of q-homogeneous spaces, by obtaining the effective Hamiltonian of the DS-SYK as a (reduction of) particle moving on a non-commutative deformation of AdS3. There are families of possibly distinct q-deformed AdS2 spaces, and we point out which are relevant for the DS-SYK model.
Digitale, personalisierte Gesundheitsinformationsangebote von Ärzt*innen: Ergebnisse einer Befragung von Patient*innen und Ärzt*innen zu Akzeptanz und Anforderungen
Authors: Link Elena , Memenga Paula 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Aneignung von Gesundheitsinformationen ist grundlegend für die Verantwortungsübernahme von Patient*innen. Um dies zu unterstützen, müssen neue Wege der Informationsbereitstellung gefunden werden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die digitale, personalisierte Bereitstellung von Gesundheitsinformationen durch Ärzt*innen betrachtet und ihre Verbreitung sowie die Nutzungsintention und Anforderungen von Patient*innen und Ärzt*innen untersucht.

Methoden
Durchgeführt wurden jeweils eine Online-Befragung einer für die deutsche Bevölkerung stratifizierten Stichprobe von Patient*innen (N = 1000) sowie eine Online-Befragung von Ärzt*innen (N = 364) zum Thema digitale, personalisierte Gesundheitsinformationsangebote. Es wurden die Art der Informationsbereitstellung im ärztlichen Setting, die Nutzungsintention sowie Anforderungen an digitale Informationsangebote erfasst.

Ergebnisse
Digitale, personalisierte Informationsangebote sind bisher selten. Patient*innen würden ein solches Angebot allerdings befürworten, während Ärzt*innen skeptischer eingestellt sind. Die Patient*innen legen Wert auf die Nutzerfreundlichkeit und die Informationsqualität. In Bezug auf die Darstellungsform werden Texte tendenziell wichtiger eingeschätzt als Videos. Ärzt*innen ist dagegen wichtig, dass das Angebot von einem oder einer vertrauenswürdigen Anbieter*in stammt, leitlinienkonform und kostenlos ist.

Diskussion
Die Potenziale der digitalen Transformation der Informationsbereitstellung werden bisher nur bedingt ausgeschöpft. Während bei Patient*innen die Grundlage einer erfolgreichen Implementierung gegeben zu sein scheint, gilt es, aufseiten der Ärzt*innen Vorbehalte abzubauen, den Nutzen entsprechender Angebote zu kommunizieren und systemische Anreize zu schaffen.
Cinnamic acid mitigates methotrexate-induced lung fibrosis in rats: comparative study with pirfenidone
Authors: Abdalhameid Eman , Abd El-Haleim Enas A. , Abdelsalam Rania M. , Georgy Gehan S. , Fawzy Hala M. , Kenawy Sanaa A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Lung fibrosis is a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by excessive accumulation of scarred tissue, leading to lung architecture destruction and restricted ventilation. The current work was conducted to examine the probable shielding influence of cinnamic acid against lung fibrosis induced by methotrexate.

Methods
Rats were pre-treated with oral administration of cinnamic acid (50 mg/kg/day) for 14 days, whereas methotrexate (14 mg/kg) was orally given on the 5th and 12th days of the experiment. Pirfenidone (50 mg/kg/day) was used as a standard drug. At the end of the experiment, oxidative parameters (malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, and total glutathione) and inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-8), as well as transforming growth factor-β and collagen content, as fibrosis indicators, were measured in lung tissue.

Results
Our results revealed that cinnamic acid, as pirfenidone, effectively prevented the methotrexate-induced overt histopathological damage. This was associated with parallel improvements in oxidative, inflammatory, and fibrotic parameters measured. The outcomes of cinnamic acid administration were more or less the same as those of pirfenidone. In conclusion, pre-treatment with cinnamic acid protects against methotrexate-induced fibrosis, making it a promising prophylactic adjuvant therapy to methotrexate and protecting against its possible induction of lung fibrosis.