bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improbable Rotaxanes Constructed From Surrogate Malonate Rotaxanes as Encircled Methylene Synthons
Authors: Tsai Chi‐You , Cheng Hung‐Te , Chiu Sheng‐Hsien 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe have developed a new approach for the synthesis of “improbable” rotaxanes by using malonate‐centered rotaxanes as interlocked surrogate precursors. Here, the desired dumbbell‐shaped structure can be assembled from two different, completely separate, portions, with the only residual structure introduced from the malonate surrogate being a methylene group. We have synthesized improbable [2]‐ and [3]rotaxanes with all‐hydrocarbon dumbbell‐shaped components to demonstrate the potential structural flexibility and scope of the guest species that can be interlocked when using this approach.
A Golgi‐Targeted Platinum Complex Plays a Dual Role in Autophagy Regulation for Highly Efficient Cancer Therapy
Authors: Liang Bing‐Bing , Liu Qian , Liu Bin , Yao Hua‐Gang , He Juan , Tang Cheng‐Fei , Peng Kun , Su Xu‐Xian , Zheng Yue , Ding Jia‐Yi , Shen Jianliang , Cao Qian , Mao Zong‐Wan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRegulating autophagy to control the homeostatic recycling process of cancer cells is a promising anticancer strategy. Golgi apparatus is a substrate of autophagy but the Golgi‐autophagy (Golgiphagy) mediated antitumor pathway is rarely reported. Herein, we have developed a novel Golgi‐targeted platinum (II) complex Pt3, which is ca. 20 times more cytotoxic to lung carcinoma than cisplatin and can completely eliminate tumors after intratumoral administration in vivo. Its nano‐encapsulated system for tail vein administration also features a good anti‐tumor effect. Mechanism studies indicate that Pt3 induces substantial Golgi stress, indicated by the fragmentation of Golgi structure, down‐regulation of Golgi proteins (GM130, GRASP65/55), loss of Golgi‐dependent transport and glycosylation. This triggers Golgiphagy but blocks the subsequent fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes, that is a dual role in autophagy regulation, resulting in loss of proteostasis and apoptotic cell death. As far as we know, Pt3 is the first Golgi‐targeted Pt complex that can trigger Golgi stress‐mediated dual‐regulation of autophagic flux and autophagy‐apoptosis crosstalk for highly efficient cancer therapy.
Development of new surgical mesh geometries with different mechanical properties using the design freedom of 3D printing
Authors: Sterk S. , Silva M. E. T. , Fernandes A. A. , Huß A. , Wittek A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe emergence of new rapid prototyping techniques such as melt electrowriting and their application in the development of medical devices, enables new geometries for surgical meshes that were previously limited by current conventional manufacturing methods. The change in geometry allows a direct impact on the mechanical behavior of surgical meshes using identical polymers. The adaptation of the mechanical properties of surgical meshes, based on sinusoidal auxetic design with varying amplitude and number of waves per total fiber length, aims to improve biocompatibility by mimicking and matching the mechanical properties of vaginal soft tissue, which is not provided by current polypropylene nondegradable meshes. The auxetic design of the meshes can supply dimensionally stable pores under tensile load, which is a limitation of the current meshes. The mechanical properties can be controlled with mesh deformations up to 100%, Young's modulus ranging from 50 to 400 N/mm2 and a variable toe region. The printed meshes show an effective porosity of over 70% and are lightweight or ultra‐lightweight. By combining matching mechanical properties with good porosity and weight, 3D printed sinusoidal meshes, made of biodegradable Poly‐ε‐caprolactone, show promising results to improve surgical meshes for use in pelvic organ prolapse repair.
Signaling roles of platelets in skeletal muscle regeneration
Authors: Graca Flavia A. , Minden‐Birkenmaier Benjamin A. , Stephan Anna , Demontis Fabio , Labelle Myriam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPlatelets have important hemostatic functions in repairing blood vessels upon tissue injury. Cytokines, growth factors, and metabolites stored in platelet α‐granules and dense granules are released upon platelet activation and clotting. Emerging evidence indicates that such platelet‐derived signaling factors are instrumental in guiding tissue regeneration. Here, we discuss the important roles of platelet‐secreted signaling factors in skeletal muscle regeneration. Chemokines secreted by platelets in the early phase after injury are needed to recruit neutrophils to injured muscles, and impeding this early step of muscle regeneration exacerbates inflammation at later stages, compromises neo‐angiogenesis and the growth of newly formed myofibers, and reduces post‐injury muscle force production. Platelets also contribute to the recruitment of pro‐regenerative stromal cells from the adipose tissue, and the platelet releasate may also regulate the metabolism and proliferation of muscle satellite cells, which sustain myogenesis. Therefore, harnessing the signaling functions of platelets and the platelet secretome may provide new avenues for promoting skeletal muscle regeneration in health and disease.
Luminescent polypeptides
Authors: Bao Jieyu , Tong Chuanye , He Mengxuan , Zhang Haoke 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPolypeptides, as biomacromolecules, hold immense potential in various biological applications such as tissue engineering, immunomodulating agents, and target binding. Among these applications, the attention towards luminescent polypeptides has grown significantly, due to their ability to visualize biological processes effectively. In this perspective, we have compiled information on three distinct types of luminescent polypeptides: natural fluorescent proteins, luminophores‐bioconjugated polypeptides, and synthesized polypeptides with clusteroluminescence. Last, we shed light on the significance and prospects of clusteroluminescent polypeptides, which are expected to emerge as crucial new‐generation bioluminophores, offering high emission efficiency and tunable emission wavelengths.
Survival and biomarkers for cachexia in non‐small cell lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Murata Daiki , Azuma Koichi , Matsuo Norikazu , Murotani Kenta , Matama Goushi , Kawahara Akihiko , Sasada Tetsuro , Tokito Takaaki , Hoshino Tomoaki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe presence of cachexia negatively impacts the prognosis of patients with cancer. However, the mechanisms behind the development of cachexia and its prognostic impact on immunotherapy efficacy are not fully understood.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively screened patients with advanced or recurrent non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor monotherapy. Among 183 patients, pre‐treatment plasma samples were available from 100 patients. We defined cancer cachexia as weight loss of at least 5% during the past 6 months or weight loss of at least 2% and BMI <20. We analyzed 75 soluble immune mediators in pre‐treatment plasma samples to explore the possible mechanisms behind the development of cancer cachexia. We also investigated whether cancer cachexia affects prognosis.ResultsAmong 100 patients, 35 had cancer cachexia. Logistic regression analysis identified ghrelin, c‐reactive protein (CRP), pentraxin‐3 (PTX‐3), and osteopontin (OPN) as factors associated with cachexia. Patients with cachexia had worse progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), although we did not detect statistically significant differences. Analyzing the soluble immune mediators associated with cachexia, the combination of cachexia and PTX‐3 or OPN expression levels was predictive for PFS and the combination of cachexia and CRP or OPN expression levels was predictive for OS.ConclusionsPre‐treatment ghrelin, CRP, PTX‐3, and OPN may be associated with cachexia. Among patients with NSCLC who received PD‐1/L1 inhibitor monotherapy, those with cachexia had worse survival than those without cachexia. Larger studies will be required to confirm our data and better understand the mechanisms behind the development of cachexia.
Engineering of oxygen vacancy and bismuth cluster assisted ultrathin Bi12O17Cl2 nanosheets with efficient and selective photoreduction of CO2 to CO
Authors: Guan Meili , Lu Ni , Zhang Xuan , Wang Qiuwan , Bao Jian , Chen Guiye , Yu Hao , Li Huaming , Xia Jiexiang , Gong Xuezhong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into solar‐powered fuels is viewed as a forward‐looking strategy to address energy scarcity and global warming. This work demonstrated the selective photoreduction of CO2 to CO using ultrathin Bi12O17Cl2 nanosheets decorated with hydrothermally synthesized bismuth clusters and oxygen vacancies (OVs). The characterizations revealed that the coexistences of OVs and Bi clusters generated in situ contributed to the high efficiency of CO2–CO conversion (64.3 μmol g−1 h−1) and perfect selectivity. The OVs on the facet (001) of the ultrathin Bi12O17Cl2 nanosheets serve as sites for CO2 adsorption and activation sites, capturing photoexcited electrons and prolonging light absorption due to defect states. In addition, the Bi‐cluster generated in situ offers the ability to trap holes and the surface plasmonic resonance effect. This study offers great potential for the construction of semiconductor hybrids as multiphotocatalysts, capable of being used for the elimination and conversion of CO2 in terms of energy and environment.
Atomically‐Dispersed Metal Heterocatalysts: A Practical Step Toward Sustainability
Authors: Vafaeezadeh Majid , Thiel Werner R 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAtomically‐dispersed heterogeneous metal catalysts can be considered as an “upgraded” version of classical solid metal catalysts. Unlike traditional heterogeneous metallic catalysts that contain nanoparticles or bulk micro‐sized transition metal species, the active sites of these novel types of catalysts are atomically distributed on the support's surface. This provides several advantages compared to classical catalysts such as higher activity and need for just very small amounts of metal precursors for the catalyst preparation. The latter issue is a key point in green chemical processes and of importance to achieve low‐cost pathways for industrial‐scale synthesis. The atomically dispersed metal sites permit a maximum of metal dispersion and additionally allow to achieve more reproducible heterogeneous catalysts. This review summarizes an overview on breakthrough findings in synthesis, applications and characterization techniques developed in the area of single‐atom, dual‐atom, single‐atom‐layer, single‐site as well as single‐atom nanozyme/enzyme catalysis. The characteristics and properties of each system provide an appropriate understanding for designing a nanomaterial that is optimized for a specific requirement.
Fundamental scales of hue appearance and discrimination
Authors: Abasi Saeedeh , Fairchild Mark D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHue can be described with two types of scales. The first, for hue discrimination, is of the form of a hue angle metric such as found in the Munsell and CIELAB systems. The second, for hue appearance, is in the form of a hue quadrature metric as found in the NCS system and color appearance models such as CIECAM16. Any useful hue metric should also exhibit hue constancy – the important concept that stimuli of various lightness and saturation, but identical hue designations appear to be of the same hue. Hue angle in the IPT color model has repeatedly been shown to very well describe contours of constant hue and has been rigorously tested over more than two decades. However, the IPT model was not designed with hue spacing, for either discrimination or appearance, in mind. This paper describes the derivation of a fundamental and physiologically plausible model, called FHS for Fundamental Hue Scales, with predictors for both hue discrimination and hue appearance built directly from cone fundamentals and with hue linearity as good as that found in IPT. Such a model can be used with individual LMS color matching functions as the basis for the hue dimension of improved, and individualized, color appearance scales.
A machine learning approach to color space Euclidization
Authors: Ahrens Lia , Ahrens Julian , Schotten Hans D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, a machine learning methodology is proposed for the issue of color space Euclidization. Given a color difference formula as reference distance law, the Euclidization task consists in finding an injective transformation from the original color space into a real vector space and the corresponding inverse transformation, such that the Euclidean distances in the embedded color space align with the reference color distances. For this, artificial neural networks are devised as function approximators for the color space transformations being sought. Training these neural networks is accomplished through unsupervised learning, making use of random sampling and gradient descent. As key disagreement measure, either the (symmetric) relative isometric disagreement or the standardized residual sum of squares (STRESS) index is considered at a time and incorporated as part of the optimization criterion into the objective function. Comparative evaluation is carried out on well‐established color distance laws, including the CIELAB‐based DE2000 color difference formula. The evaluation results indicate significant performance advantages of the proposed approach over previous contributions.
Educational simulations of spectral color dispersion in negative index prisms
Authors: Naranjo‐Correa Francisco L. , Martínez‐Borreguero Guadalupe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing a free, open‐source ray‐tracing program, photorealistic spectral images have been created to show how several prisms would appear in the real world if they were made with materials that have a negative index of refraction (metamaterials). The aim of this work is to provide students with a visual interpretation of the atypical behavior of negative‐index materials and a look at dispersion in the visible range in such prisms, resulting in educationally valuable outcomes.
Fluorine Substitution of TCNQ Alters the Redox‐Driven Catalytic Pathway for the Ferricyanide‐Thiosulfate Reaction
Authors: Alzubidi Anbrah E. , Bond Alan M. , Martin Lisandra L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMechanistic variation in catalysis through substituent‐based redox tuning is well established. Fluorination of TCNQ (TCNQ=tetracyanoquinodimethane) provides ~850 mV variation in the redox potentials of the
and
(n=0, 2, 4) processes. With
, catalysis of the kinetically very slow ferrocyanide‐thiosulfate redox reaction in aqueous solution occurs via a mechanism in which the catalyst
is reduced to
when reacting with
which is oxidised to
. Subsequently,
reacts with
to form
and reform the
catalyst, in another thermodynamically favoured process. An analogous mechanism applies with
as a catalyst. In contrast, since the reaction of
with
is thermodynamically unfavourable, an alternative mechanism is required to explain the catalytic activity observed in this non‐fluorinated system. Here, upon addition of
, reduction of
to
occurs with concomitant oxidation of
to
, which then acts as the catalyst for
oxidation. Thermodynamic data explain the observed differences in the catalytic mechanisms.
(n=0, 4) also act as catalysts for the ferricyanide‐thiosulfate reaction in aqueous solution. The present study shows that homogeneous pathways are available following addition of these dissolved materials. Previously, these
(n=0, 4) coordination polymers have been regarded as insoluble in water and proposed as heterogeneous catalysts for the ferricyanide‐thiosulfate reaction. Details and mechanistic differences were established using UV‐visible spectrophotometry and cyclic voltammetry.
Cucurbit[6]uril Hyperpolarized Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Pulse Sequence Parameter Optimization and Detectability Limit Assessment at 3.0T
Authors: Grynko Vira , Shepelytskyi Yurii , Batarchuk Viktoriia , Aalto Hannah , Li Tao , Ruset Iulian C. , DeBoef Brenton , Albert Mitchell S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMolecular imaging is the future of personalized medicine; however, it requires effective contrast agents. Hyperpolarized chemical exchange saturation transfer (HyperCEST) can boost the signal of Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI and render it a molecular imaging modality of high efficiency. Cucurbit[6]uril (CB6) has been successfully employed in vivo as a contrast agent for HyperCEST MRI, however its performance in a clinical MRI scanner has yet to be optimized. In this study, MRI pulse sequence parameter optimization was first performed in CB6 solutions in phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS), and subsequently in whole sterile citrated bovine blood. The performance of four different depolarization pulse shapes (sinusoidal, 3‐lobe sinc (3LS), rectangular (block), and hyperbolic secant (hypsec) was optimized. The detectability limits of CB6 in a clinical 3.0T MRI scanner was assessed using the optimized pulse sequences. The 3LS depolarization pulses performed best, and demonstrated 24 % depletion in a 25 μM solution of CB6 in PBS. It performed similarly in blood. The CB6 detectability limit was found to be 100 μM in citrated bovine blood with a correspondent HyperCEST depletion of 30 % ±9 %. For the first time, the HP 129Xe HyperCEST effect was observed in red blood cells (RBC) and had a similar strength as HyperCEST in plasma.
Secondary psychiatric disorders and the skin
Authors: Carniciu Simona , Hafi Bishurul , Gkini M.‐A. , Tzellos T. , Jafferany Mohammad , Stamu‐O'Brien Caroline 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundRemarkable is the mind‐skin connection, that lies in the profound impact that mental health can have on the skin and specific skin diseases on the mental health. This intricate relationship gives rise to a burgeoning field of study known as psychodermatology, which is a rapidly evolving field that explores the intricate relationship between dermatological conditions and psychological factors.AimsIn this article we summarize some of these diseases, as vitiligo, alopecia areata, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, albinism, rhinophyma, hidradenitis suppurative.Materials & MethodsWe searched on databases like PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and analyzed scientific articles to summarize information needed for this review. We conducted qualitative content analysis to summarize the main results reported by different authors regarding the aimed topics: vitiligo, albinism and the others secondary psychiatric disorders described in this article.DiscussionSkin is unquestionably the most visible organ of the human body; appearance is greatly influenced by it. An individual's physical and emotional wellbeing depend on having healthy skin, which is an essential element of a person's sexual appeal, sense of fulfilment, and self‐confidence.ConclusionPsychodermatology recognizes the bidirectional interplay between the mind and the skin, emphasizing the importance of addressing the psychological impact of dermatological disorders to improve patient outcomes. Secondary psychiatric disorders are under classification in psychodermatology, along with psychophysiological disorders and primary psychiatric disorders.
Association of stress hyperglycemia ratio with in‐hospital new‐onset atrial fibrillation and long‐term outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Luo Jiachen , Li Zhiqiang , Qin Xiaoming , Zhang Xingxu , Liu Xiangdong , Zhang Wenming , Xu Wei , Liu Baoxin , Wei Yidong ,   the NOAFCAMI‐SH Registry Investigators
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate the predictive value and prognostic impact of stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) for new‐onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study included 2145 AMI patients without AF history between February 2014 and March 2018. SHR was calculated using fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)/[1.59*HbA1c (%)‐2.59]. The association between SHR and post‐MI NOAF was assessed with multivariable logistic regression analyses. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiac death, heart failure hospitalisation, recurrent MI, and ischaemic stroke (MACE). Cox regression‐adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for MACE.ResultsA total of 245 (11.4%) patients developed NOAF. In the multivariable logistic regression analyses, SHR (each 10% increase) was significantly associated with increased risks of NOAF in the whole population (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.10), particularly in non‐diabetic individuals (OR:1.08, 95% CI: 1.01–1.17). During a median follow‐up of 2.7 years, 370 (18.5%) MACEs were recorded. The optimal cut‐off value of SHR for MACE prediction was 1.119. Patients with both high SHR (≥1.119) and NOAF possessed the highest risk of MACE compared to those with neither high SHR nor NOAF after multivariable adjustment (HR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.39–3.42), especially for diabetics (HR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.41–4.91). Similar findings were observed using competing‐risk models.ConclusionsSHR is an independent predictor of post‐MI NOAF in non‐diabetic individuals. Diabetic patients with both high SHR and NOAF had the highest risk of MACE, suggesting that therapies targeting SHR may be considered in these patients.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03533543.
Quantitative sensory testing, psychological profiles and clinical pain in patients with psoriatic arthritis and hand osteoarthritis experiencing pain of at least moderate intensity
Authors: Vela J. , Dreyer L. , Petersen K. K. , Arendt‐Nielsen L. , Duch K. Skjærbæk , Amris K. , Kristensen S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic pain is the hallmark symptom of joint diseases. This study examined the differences in quantitative sensory testing between patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), hand osteoarthritis (hand‐OA) and a pain‐free control group and differences between patients with and without concomitant fibromyalgia (cFM).MethodsAll patients and pain‐free controls were assessed using pressure pain thresholds (PPT), temporal summation of pain (TSP), conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and clinical pain intensities. Psychological distress was assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Disability was assessed with the Health Assessment Questionnaire and pain quality with the painDETECT questionnaire. cFM was identified using the revised 2016 American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria.ResultsPatients with hand‐OA (n = 75) or PsA (n = 58) had statistically significant lower PPTs and CPM, greater TSP, and higher scores of psychological distress (p < 0.05) than controls (n = 20). Patients with cFM (58%) had higher scores of depression (p = 0.001), anxiety (p = 0.004), catastrophizing (p = 0.012), disability (p < 0.001), higher painDETECT score (p = 0.001), TSP (p = 0.027), and reduced sleep quality (p = 0.021) when compared to patients without cFM.ConclusionPatients with hand‐OA and PsA exhibited signs of pain sensitization and a higher degree of psychological distress and disability than pain‐free individuals. Patients with cFM had greater TSP, painDETECT score, disability, catastrophizing, and reduced sleep quality, than patients without, indicating greater degree of pain sensitization, psychological burden, and disability.Statement of SignificanceThis paper shows that a significant proportion of patients with hand osteoarthritis and psoriatic arthritis with moderate pain intensity have significantly increased signs of pain sensitization and markers of psychological distress. A large proportion of these patients fulfil the criteria for concomitant fibromyalgia and these patients show even greater propensity towards pain sensitization and psychological distress.