bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General Deep Learning Framework for Emissivity Engineering
Authors: Hu Run , Yu Shilv , Wang Xi , Chen Zihe , Zhou Peng , Deng Yuheng , li Wangnan , Shiomi Junichiro 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Wavelength-selective thermal emitters have been frequently adopted as a typical platform for emissivity engineering to achieve desired target emissivity spectra for broad applications such as thermal camouflage, radiative cooling, and gas sensing, etc. However, previous design methods fail to tackle the simultaneous design of both materials and structures, either fixing materials to design structures or fixing structures to select proper materials, hindering the establishment of a general design framework for emissivity engineering applicable across different applications. Herein, we employ the deep Q-learning network algorithm, a reinforcement learning method based on deep learning framework, to design multilayer wavelength-selective thermal emitters for a diverse range of applications, including thermal camouflage, radiative cooling and gas sensing. With magnetron sputtering, these emitters are fabricated and measured, validating the desired emissivity spectra with the designed ones. The main merits of the deep Q-learning algorithm include that it can 1) autonomously select suitable materials from a self-built material library and 2) autonomously optimize structures, thus realizing simultaneous optimization of materials and structures for various emissivity engineering applications. The present method is demonstrated to be feasible and efficient in designing multilayer wavelength-selective thermal emitters, offering a general framework for emissivity engineering and paving the way for efficient design of nonlinear optimization problems across various physical fields.
Highly selective and sensitive detection of Cu2+ ions using TGA capped Ce(III)-doped ZnS nanoparticles as fluorescent probe
Authors: Maheshwari Seema , Kaur Kuldeep , Malik Ashok Kumar , Kaur Manpreet 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The synthesis of water dispersible thioglycolic acid (TGA)-capped Ce3+-doped ZnS nanoparticles (coded as ZnS:Ce@TGA) was carried out using environment friendly co-precipitation approach with water as solvent. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by the different analytical techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. These nanoparticles are highly stable due to the coating of robust TGA capping agent. TGA capped Ce3+-doped ZnS nanoparticles showed significant fluorescence enhancement upon continuous addition of urea. This enhancement in fluorescence intensity was observed due to formation of new layer of urea over TGA which led to the decreases in surface defects. Further, urea treated TGA capped Ce3+-doped ZnS nanoparticles served as active sensor for the for the selective detection of Cu2+ ions as the urea layer in ZnS:Ce@TGA-urea provide active sites for the binding of Cu2+ ions. This selective binding quenched the fluorescence intensity of ZnS:Ce@TGA-urea possibly due to non-radiative recombination as Cu2+ act as electron trapping center. ZnS:Ce@TGA material could be used as an ultrafast primary sensor for detection of urea and the resultant ZnS:Ce@TGA-urea complex can then be used as a secondary sensor for determination of Cu2+ ions. The LOD for detection of urea and Cu2+ ions were found to be 2.3 mM and 26.6 μM, respectively. Factors affecting the Cu2+ ions detection were investigated and the optimum conditions were also determined. Under the optimum conditions, the relative fluorescence intensity of urea-TGA-capped@Ce3+-doped ZnS nanoparticles was linearly proportional to Cu2+ over a concentration range from 0 to 80 µM with a correlation coefficient of 0.989. The proposed method was also employed to detect trace Cu2+ in water with satisfactory results.
Causal effect of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on Alzheimer's disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Guo Yusheng , He Qingliu , Zou Tianhao , Gong Bingxin , Li Yi , Cai Xing , Fan Dage , Zheng Chuansheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background The current discourse revolves around the role of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as either an active participant or a passive observer in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study seeks to evaluate the causal effects of NAFLD on Alzheimer’s disease.Methods We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to assess the causal effects of genetically predicted NAFLD (chronically elevated serum alanine aminotransferase levels [cALT]) on AD, cognition-related trait (intelligence, cognitive performance, fluid intelligence [FI] score), and education-related traits (educational attainment, education qualifications, and age completed full-time education) in the main analysis. We repeated the MR analysis using SNPs from biopsy-confirmed NAFLD and imaging-based NAFLD in the validation analysis.Results In the main analysis, the random-effect inverse variance weighted (IVW) MR analyses indicated that cALT was not statistically associated with AD (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.000, confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.988–1.011, P = 0.970), intelligence (OR = 0.995, 95%CI: 0.979–1.011, P = 0.564), cognitive performance (OR = 0.988, 95%CI: 0.972–1.004, P = 0.141), FI score (OR = 0.981, 95%CI: 0.938–1.027, P = 0.410), education qualifications (OR = 0.992, 95%CI: 0.971–1.014, P = 0.484), and age completed full-time education (OR = 1.004, 95%CI: 0.971–1.038, P = 0.827). The cALT was statistically associated with educational attainment (OR = 1.025, 95%CI: 1.002–1.049, P = 0.039). However, validation analyses reported no significant causal effects of biopsy-confirmed NAFLD and imaging-based NAFLD on any outcomes.Conclusions In conclusion, using multiple analytic approaches we did not observe the causal effects of NAFLD on AD, cognition, and education in the current two-sample MR study.
The effects of pH on phosphorus utilisation by chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
Authors: Barrow N. Jim , Parvin Subhechhya Ali , Debnath Abhijit 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is known to secrete organic anions. We investigated its effectiveness in obtaining P over a range of pH values.
Methods
We grew two cultivars of chickpea, supplied with either ammonium or nitrate nitrogen, at 10 levels of applied P, and at four initial pH values. We measured plant yields, P concentration in the tops, and rhizosphere pH. We compared the results with those previously obtained for lucerne (Medicago sativa), mustard (Brassica campestris) and rice (Oryza sativa).
Results
At high initial pH, rhizosphere pH decreased; at low initial pH it increased. The changes in pH were proportional to the amounts of P applied. They were greatest at high levels of applied P. Best growth occurred when the initial pHCaCl2 was 5.9 and when the rhizosphere pHCaCl2 was close to 5. Plots of growth against plant P concentration showed little effect of low pH suggesting that aluminium toxicity was only of minor importance. Nevertheless, yields were severely depressed by low pH. Chickpea was much more effective at obtaining and utilising P than lucerne, mustard and rice. The advantage was greatest at high pH but was still substantial at low pH.
Conclusions
The mechanism of P uptake for chickpea seems to differ from that for lucerne, mustard and rice. The way that the charge on the phosphate ions is balanced seems to depend on the soil pH. Further, uptake is much more markedly depressed by at low pH.
The Role of Technology in promoting physical activities and mental health: A gender-based study
Authors: Liu Yangyang , Zhang Hongxue , Xu Ruilin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Physical inactivity is a significant public health concern globally, associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases and detrimental effects on both physical and mental health. Technologically based interventions have emerged as a potential solution to promote physical activity engagement and improve mental health outcomes. However, understanding the effectiveness of these interventions and the role of gender in their outcomes is essential for developing tailored strategies.
Objective
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of technologically based interventions in promoting physical activity and improving mental health outcomes, with a specific focus on gender differences.
Methodology
This study employed a three-phase mixed methods research design. Phase one was an experimental phase where 300 participants were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. The intervention group received a technologically based physical activity intervention, while the control group did not. Physical activity levels and mental health outcomes were assessed before and after the intervention. Phase two involved qualitative interviews with a subset of participants (n = 20) from the intervention group. These interviews explored motivations and barriers to physical activity, aiming to uncover personal factors influencing engagement. Thematic analysis was used to identify recurring themes. Phase three utilized a quantitative survey to compare motivations and barriers between males and females. The survey, administered to a larger sample, included participants from both intervention and control groups. It assessed various factors and allowed for a quantitative comparison of gender differences.
Findings
findings indicated that the intervention improved the mental health and physical activities level of the intervention groups. Findings also there are 8 motivations for and barriers to using technology in physical activities. Male and females’ scores on some of the motivations and barriers were statistically significant.
Conclusion
technology plays an important role in improving the mental health and physical activities of adults. Findings can be used by health care centers, digital psychologists, and physical trainers.
Molecular Subgroup Establishment and Signature Creation of lncRNAs Associated with Acetylation in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Hao , Wang Yuanyong , Shao Changjian , Guo Kai , Liu Guanglin , Wang Zhaoyang , Duan Hongtao , Pan Minghong , Ma Zhiqiang , Ding Peng , Zhang Yimeng , Han Jing , Yan Xiaolong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have progressively been acknowledged as crucial intercessors of histone acetylation and play an authoritative role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) prognosis. Despite this, it is still unclear whether acetylation-related lncRNAs (ARLs) could be utilized to forecast the overall survival (OS) of LUAD specimens.
Methods
The RNA-Seq and clinical information of 501 LUAD specimens and 56 corresponding paracancerous tissue specimens were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Through the differential analysis, Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), Pearson correlation test and univariate Cox regression, we found out the prognosis associated ARLs and divided LUAD specimens into two molecular subclasses. Utilizing those ARLs, a novel signature was built by adopting Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. ROC analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival curve were subsequently exercised to examine the predictive performance. Then based on the ARLs model, we exploited bioinformatics techniques to analyze the signaling pathways and biological roles, immunity, drug efficacy, and tumor somatic mutation. Next, univariate and multivariate Cox analysis were utilized to determine if the signature was an isolated predictor. Finally, ARL expression in LUAD was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).
Results
We triumphantly built a ARLs prognostic model with excellent predictive capability for LUAD, including ADAMTS9-AS2, AF131215.6, CYP4F26P, LINC00622, LINC00639, LINC00968, MIR22HG, MIR99AHG and WWC2-AS2. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis illustrated that risk model was an isolated predictor for affecting the OS of LUAD. A nomogram showed robust prognostic validity. There were also diversities between subgroups in the field of immunity, biological functions, drug sensitivity and gene mutations.
Conclusions
Nine ARLs were identified as promising indicators of personalized prognosis and drug selection for people suffering with LUAD.
Floristic and ecological insights into silica-scaled chrysophytes in southeastern Queensland, Australia
Authors: Nemcova Yvonne , Diaz-Pulido Guillermo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Silica-scaled chrysophytes, including several lineages of the class Chrysophyceae, possess morphologically diverse silica-scales. Despite their ecological significance, few data on their distribution are available from this region. In this study, we aimed to explore the diversity and distribution of silica-scaled chrysophytes in southeastern Queensland. Samples were collected from different water bodies, and scale morphology was examined using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Water chemical analyses were conducted to reveal the ecological requirements of the species. A total of 35 taxa were identified, including species from the orders Synurales, Chromulinales, and Paraphysomonadales. Mallomonas pseudocoronata, originally thought to be an endemic of North America and later recorded from Europe, was found in Queensland. Our findings provide valuable floristic data and contribute to the understanding of silica-scaled chrysophytes distribution in Australia. Molecular characterization of these species is crucial to assess endemism and further advance chrysophyte research in the region.
Difunctional fluorescent probes for iron and hydrogen sulfide detection based on diphenyl derivative
Authors: Shang Xuefang , Liu Bingqing , Liu Lixia , Wang Jia , Wang Yingling 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In order to better monitor the content of Fe3+ and H2S in the biological environment, two new fluorescent probes were designed and synthesized. With the addition of Fe3+, the strong fluorescence emission of two probes was significantly quenched due to the paramagnetic effect of Fe3+. After the addition of S2−, the fluorescence intensity of two probes was quickly restored. Two probes showed high selectivity and strong sensitivity for the detection of Fe3+ and S2−, and the fluorescence intensity “ON-OFF-ON” was accompanied with the interaction process. At the same time, two probes displayed good anti-interference ability which was not interfered by the existence of other ions. In addition, two probes illustrated fast response time to Fe3+, S2− and small cytotoxicity to cells. Therefore, two probes can provide a potential ideal tool for detecting Fe3+ and H2S in organisms and the environment.
Fuzzy stability of functional equations via fixed point theorem
Authors: Lu Gang , Liu Yang , Jin Yuanfeng , Park Choonkil 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The aim of this manuscript is to initiate the study of the Banach contraction in fuzzy Banach spaces and discuss some related fixed point results to ensure the existence and uniqueness of a fixed point. A nontrivial example is imparted to illustrate the stability of the proposed methods. Finally, to validate the superiority of the provided results, an application is presented to solve the some kind of functional equation.
Notch3-regulated microRNAs impair CXCR4-dependent maturation of thymocytes allowing maintenance and progression of T-ALL
Authors: Felli Maria Pia , Sergio Ilaria , Gaizo Martina Del , Patel Sandesh , Varricchio Claudia , Russo Eleonora , Orlando Andrea , Peruzzi Giovanna , Ferrandino Francesca , Tsaouli Georgia , Peluso Daniele , Besharat Zein Mersini , Campolo Federica , Venneri Mary , Bufalo Donatella Del , Bernardini Giovanni , Screpanti Isabella , Campese Antonio Francesco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Malignant transformation of T-cell progenitors causes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), an aggressive childhood lymphoproliferative disorder. Activating mutations of Notch1 and overexpression of Notch3, as well as rare Notch3 activating mutations have been detected in T-ALL patients.
In this study, we aimed to deeply characterize major steps contributing to the progression of T-ALL: hyperactive Notch3-related pathways involved in T-cell dynamics within the thymus and bone marrow infiltration by immature thymocyte subpopulations.
We previously generated a transgenic T-ALL mouse model (N3-ICtg) demonstrating that aberrant Notch3 signaling affects early thymocyte maturation programs and leads to bone marrow infiltration by CD4⁺CD8⁺ (DP) T-cells Notch3highCXCR4high. Newly, our in vivo results suggest that an anomalous immature thymocyte subpopulation, such as CD4-CD8- (DN) over-expressing CD3ε, but with low CD5 and CXCR4 expression, dominates N3-ICtg thymus-resident DN subset in T-ALL progression. MicroRNAs might be of significance in T-ALL pathobiology, however, whether required for leukemia maintenance is not fully understood. The selection of specific DN subsets demonstrates the inverse correlation between CXCR4 expression and a panel of Notch3-deregulated miRNAs. Interestingly, we found that hyperactive Notch3 targets CXCR4 expression through the cooperative effects of miR-139-5p and miR-150-5p, and impairs thymocyte differentiation which increases DNCD3ε+CD25+CXCR4- cells that improperly colonize the transgenic BM. These data point out that Notch3 selects specific immature T-cells within the thymus, a reservoir to sustain T-ALL progression.
Effect of A Newly Developed Home Bleaching Gel on Tooth Surface Roughness, Microhardness, and Color Change
Authors: TEMİZYÜREK Safiya , Sürmelioğlu Derya Gürsel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of experimental bleaching gels containing chitosan and theobromine compared with BioWhiten ProHome and FGM Whiteness Perfect bleaching gels on tooth surface roughness, microhardness, and colour change.
Materials and methods: One hundred-forty-four upper central incisors were used for microhardness, surface roughness, and colour analysis (n=12). Before bleaching, surface roughness was measured using a profilometer, microhardness was analysed using a Vickers test, and colour was measured using a spectrophotometer. Group 1, an experimental gel containing chitosan-theobromine (16% CP); Group 2, an experimental gel containing chitosan-theobromine (6% HP); Group 3, BioWhiten ProHome (6% HP), and Group 4, FGM Whiteness Perfect (16% CP). Microhardness and surface roughness tests were performed under the same conditions before and after bleaching and 14 days after the bleaching. Colour analysis was performed before the bleaching, during the application, 24 hours after bleaching, and on days 7 and 14. p <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Although there was no statistically significant increase in microhardness values ​​after bleaching in any group (p>0.05), effective bleaching was detected in all groups, and the highest efficacy was observed in Group 4 (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The experimental gels containing theobromine and chitosan produced effective bleaching and did not have any negative effects on surface roughness or microhardness.
Clinical Relevance: Bleaching agents lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species, which have genotoxic effects. Theobromine and chitosan can provide clinicians with positive results for bleaching, such as the ability to use lower HP concentrations and avoid side effects.
M2-like tumor-associated macrophage-associated signatures from bulk and single-cell RNA-seq data may predict head and neck squamous cell carcinoma prognosis and immunotherapy response
Authors: liu yuchao , Liu Wei , Chen Yu , Tian Miao , Chen Pei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurpose Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are immunosuppressive and crucial in the invasion, development, and metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite the prognostic importance of TAMs in HNSCC, their immunological landscape remains unknown. This study used bulk and single-cell ribonucleic acid RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to assess TAM prognostic value and the immunological landscape and drug sensitivity of HNSCC. Methods The abundance of M1/M2 macrophages in the transcriptome was calculated using CIBERSORT software. M2-like TAM-related genes were identified by integrating M2-like TAM marker genes from scRNA-seq data and M2 modularity genes from Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) of bulk data. A seven-gene (plasminogen activator, urokinase (PLAU), actinin alpha 1 (ACTN1), thioredoxin (TXN), integrin subunit alpha 5 (ITGA5), solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A), prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 1 (P4HA1) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1)) signature model was developed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and univariate Cox regression. Immune cells, immunological function, and immune escape scores were used to assess the immune landscape of HNSCC patients. Results M2-like TAMs correlated with a poor prognosis in HNSCC patients. The risk score was validated as a separate prognostic factor with strong accuracy. We predicted risk group based anti-cancer drugs and selected nine drugs with significant sensitivity in the high-risk category. Conclusion We created an M2-like TAM-related gene set with good performance in predicting patient prognoses and directing therapy modalities. This gene set can potentially be used to personalize treatment for HNSCC patients and improve clinical outcomes.
Incidence, Mortality, Risk factors and Trend analysis of gliomas
Authors: Ji Meichen , Qi Qing , Wu Kunpeng , Lai Yanzhen , Yang Hongcheng , Ma Haiqing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Glioma is a rare and highly malignant tumor that affects the nervous system. While studies have been conducted on the occurrence and survival rates of glioma patients, there is currently a lack of comprehensive and large population research focusing on long-term trends in glioma incidence, survival rates, and associated risk factors.
Methods
Data for 30,209 patients with glioma was collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database from eight registries between 1975 and 2014. By analyzing Kaplan-Meier curves, we assessed the survival differences between sex, race, and socioeconomic status (SES) over a 40-year period. Additionally, Cox regression analysis was employed to examine the impact of various risk factors, including age, race, income, grade, tumor site, surgery, tumor size, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) with or without on glioma survival.
Results
Our study found that the incidence and number of glioma cases are on the rise. The incidence rates per decade from 1975 to 2014 were 2.6/100,000, 3.3/100,000, 4.0/100,000, 4.2/100,000, and 4443, 6441, 8893, and 10432, respectively. Besides, the 10-year relative survival rates (RSRs) for glioma were 23.19%, 30.80%, 34.67%, and 38.38%, respectively. In addition, the median survival per decade was 9, 10, and 9 months from 1975 to 2004, compared with 13 months from 2005 to 2014. Our findings revealed that advanced age, race, low household income, high-grade (poorly differentiated and undifferentiated), bilateral tumor occupying lesions, large tumor diameter, and failure to receive surgery/chemotherapy/radiation/PORT are risk factors for glioma.
Conclusion
The results of this study indicate a rising incidence of glioma cases. While there have been improvements in survival rates over time, it is crucial to acknowledge that long-term survival rates for glioma patients remain relatively low. Taken together, our study highlights the need for further in-depth research to improve treatment strategies.