bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and associated factors in the population victim of violence in Cordoba, Colombia
Authors: Cabas-Hoyos K. , Villamil-Benitez I. , Uribe-Urzola A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe Department of Cordoba is located in the north of Colombia and is a key territory for understanding the political violence that the country has experienced. Cordoba has suffered the armed conflict with various groups present in the area. In the category of victimizing acts, more than 30,000 victims of forced displacement have been reported and 4,621 for forced disappearance.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of PTSD and associated factors in a population victim of violence in Cordoba, Colombia.MethodsDesign: cross-sectional, using quantitative data. Participants: victims of forced displacement in Cordoba (n=95), of whom 42.75% (n=45) were men and 57.25% (n=50) were women. The mean age of the participants was 40.7 (SD 14.1) Instruments: Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) (Blake et al., 1990) was administered to check clinical symptoms of the Disorder; to assess the causes of symptoms was administered The PTSD Checklist PCL-C is a short version of the PTSD Checklist – Civilian version (Weathers, 1993). Additionally, the BDI was administered to assess depression and STAI to measure anxiety. Data analysis: a Student’s t-test was used to assess the difference by gender and age groups. Descriptive statistics were also used to identify clinical characteristics of the sample.ResultsIn relation to the activation factor, it was found that the men in the sample presented significant differences compared to the women [Activation. F= (1.117) = .79; p = 0.00]. Meanwhile, PTSD was presented equally in both sexes and in all age groups with a prevalence of 26% of the sample. The most prevalent events assumed to cause the disorder were extreme human suffering and natural disaster. Depression levels were moderate in 33.3% of the population and state anxiety showed a level of 77.8% of the sample.ConclusionsOur study finds that 26% of the population suffered from PTSD and in a significant percentage comorbidities were found with depression, anxiety, added to the vulnerability of those who have experienced these events, that is, revictimization, low access to social services, low schooling and poverty. It is important to consider the multifactorial nature of PTSD and its relationship with the presence of traumatic events (Bados, 2015; Kessler et al., 2014). In Colombia there is a challenge related to the intervention of this population, which constitutes future lines in our research.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Exploring the associations between the Self-structure of personality and problematic smartphone use in an adult sample
Authors: Csibi S. , Csibi M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPositive psychology theory sustains that the construct of the Self and its components, such as self-evaluation, social self-esteem, and self-coherence, determine our behavior. Personal daily habits and lifestyle modalities lay on these personality components. Problematic and addictive behavior is also strongly influenced by our Self and its main elements.ObjectivesThis study aims to determine those personality components related to the central Self-construct that actuates problematic smartphone use.Our further objective is to identify targeted, self-enhancing activities that prevent problematic smartphone use.MethodsParticipants were teenagers and adults (N=147) from the 17-73 age group (mean age 37.5 years), 31 male and 116 female.Respondents provided self-reported data on their demographic characteristics, perceived self-esteem, social self-esteem, sense of coherence, and problematic smartphone use through an online survey attainable on a web-based platform.Instruments were the Core Self-Evaluation Scale (Judge et al., 2003), the MOS-SSS Social Support Assessing Scale (Sherbourne & Stewart, 1991), the Sense of Coherence Scale (Rahe & Tolles, 2002), and the Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (Csibi et al., 2018).ResultsRespondents who reported being more familiar with smartphone applications and spending more time online scored higher on the problematic smartphone use scale. Our study found significant associations between age and problematic smartphone use, with those from younger groups scoring higher.Participants characterized by lower self-esteem proved a more pronounced problematic smartphone use. In our sample, social self-image and social support did not show relevant correlations with the total score of problematic smartphone use.However, a high sense of coherence showed a significant negative association with problematic smartphone use.ConclusionsA more mature Self-construct characterized by a positive self-evaluation and increased sense of coherence act as protective factors against problematic smartphone use.Providing adequate self-evaluation and social support among young through targeted activities will have a higher role in younger age groups, preventing problematic smartphone use.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Effects of a physical activity program in stress management and motivation for the regular practice of physical activity of teachers from Portugal and Brazil
Authors: Amaral A. P. , Mariano L. , Simões H. , Pocinho M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionTeaching is considered by the International Labor Organization as one of the most stressful professions, with consequences on the mental and physical health and on their professional performance. Intervention programs focused on physical activity usually present a significant decrease in the level of stress and an improvement in the quality of life of teachers. Physical activity is considered one of the main non-pharmacological strategies to reduce stress, generating a positive influence on mental health.ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of an intervention program based on the practice of physical activity on the level of stress and motivation for the regular practice of physical activity in teachers.MethodsThis study employed a pretest-posttest design. Measures: Portuguese versions of Stress Perception Scale and Motivation Inventory for Regular Physical Activity Practice. Sample: 33 teachers from Portugal and Brazil, 57,6% females, 54,5% from Portugal, 63,6% with age between 26 and 35 years. The intervention ran for 8 weeks, with a total of 40 sessions with cardiorespiratory conditioning exercises, muscle strengthening and stretching, relaxation and meditation techniques.ResultsOn baseline we found significant relationship between “years of teaching experience” and the level of stress (p=.027). After the intervention, the level of stress significantly decreased in Portuguese teachers (p=.031). In 83% of the sample, there is a decrease in the levels of perceived stress. Concerning Brazilian teachers (p=.006), in 73% of the sample, there is a decrease in the levels of perceived stress. Regarding motivation, there is a significant increase in Portuguese teachers related to “stress control” (p<.001), “sociability” (p=.001), “competitiveness” (p<.001), and “esthetic” (p=.004). In Brazilian teachers there is an increase related to “stress control” (p=.003), and “competitiveness” (p=.001).ConclusionsBoth samples showed positive results, attesting the efficacy of the intervention based in physical exercises to reduce stress and increase motivation to practice physical activity regularly. After intervention, more motivational dimensions are changed in Portuguese teachers, comparing with Brazilian teachers.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The wrinkles of the soul- a psychoneuroimmunological approach to aging
Authors: Oroian B. A. , Costandache G. I. , Salaru A. , Ionescu P. F. , Nechita P. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPsychoneuroimmunology is a discipline that has emerged over the past decades as a broad interdisciplinary field that closely observes the relationship between the psychological state, the nervous system, the endocrine system, and the immune system. The natural aging process leads to alterations in the immune functions, involving lymphocyte dysregulation, and therefore leading to a higher risk of developing coronary artery diseases, infectious diseases or even cancer.ObjectivesThe aim of our inquiry is to evaluate the existing body of work with a focus on studies that observed the intricate connections between psychosocial factors and immunity.MethodsWe performed a systematic review on PubMed and a targeted literature search concentrating on all the factors involved in immunosenescence and their consequences.ResultsThe causality between emotional stressors (acute or chronic), lack of social support, adverse life events, coping mechanisms, personality traits, as well as endocrine changes and multiple age-related pathologies is often undeniable. Other relevant factors include nutrition, sleep, physical activity and substance use. As people grow older, they face a number of psychosocial stressors, such as retirement, social isolation, loss of independence, low income, a decrease in productivity and also somatic comorbidities. These factors, together with an age-related decline in immune function, can constitute not only a psychosocial disadvantage of the elderly, but also a risk factor able to trigger further deterioration of the immune system.ConclusionsAge-associated alterations of the immune response represent a complex concept. Given that we are dealing with the phenomenon of aging in the general population, the field of psychoneuroimmunology can make a significant contribution in establishing the different mechanisms through which seniors can cushion the impact of stressors in regards to health and illness. Therefore, we can pave the way for an individualized approach and support for patients, as well as provide better therapeutic outcomes.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
PSYCHOSIS AS A MANIFESTATION OF LUPUS AND ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME. ABOUT A CASE.
Authors: Vílchez Español F. , Carrillo Molina R. , Alcántara Gutiérrez A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionA lot of studies have determined the relationship between psychosis and autoimmune diseases. One of the classic examples is systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome.Both are syndromes marked by a state of excessive inflammation and hypercoagulability, respectively. And psychosis is a frequent manifestation of these two diseases, so it is important to take it into account, because psychotic episode triggered by these diseases has a different therapeutic approach from that of primary psychoses.ObjectivesTo raise awareness about this fact, we present the clinical case of a 43-year-old woman, diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome, who went to the Emergency Department due to agitation and delusional ideation of harm.MethodsGiven that the patient presented a recent altered cranial MRI, the aforementioned pathologies and an acute and poorly systematized clinical onset, we referred her for admission to Internal Medicine due to suspicion of a psycho-organic syndrome of probable autoimmune origin.ResultsAfter admission to Internal Medicine, corticosteroid treatment was prescribed. After three days, the symptoms remitted and the patient was discharged, starting outpatient follow-up.ConclusionsIt is important not to forget that psychotic symptoms may be due to causes other than merely psychopathological ones, and may belong to other aetiologies and, with it, other therapeutic attitudes.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Differential diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction in a multi-morbid patient
Authors: Luna S. , González S. , Cortés R. J. , Kawas O. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPatients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have cognitive dysfunctions as a neuropsychiatric manifestation, associated with disabling symptoms. However, the presence of other medical or psychiatric comorbidities can delay or lead to a misdiagnose.ObjectivesTo present a case of a patient with diagnostic difficulty in the face of multiple medical and neurocognitive comorbidities.MethodsDescription of a case report.Results19-year-old female, Mexican, unemployed, with incomplete high school, with medical history of preterm birth by cesarean at 30 weeks due to placenta previa, history of early puberty, 4 years evolution of focal epilepsy, 1 year evolution of hypothyroidism and mild depression.She began her symptoms 4 years ago, characterized by an abrupt onset of memory disturbances, decreased concentration, poor academic performance, infantile behavior, need for affection, alternated with irritability periods, verbal and physical aggression, repetitive and erratic behavior. She went to multiple specialists with different therapeutic approaches without clinical improvement. In 2020, she was referred to our service for evaluation, evidenciating a mild depressive episode and psychotherapeutic treatment was started.Mental and neurological examination without alterations, normal vital signs, at physical examination: malar rash, oral ulcers, alopecia. Labs: increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, normocytic anemia, leukopenia, rest normal. An electroencephalogram was requested, without alterations. Simple brain MRI was performed (Figure 1).Psychological (figure 2) and Neuropsychological tests (table 1) were performed, showing alterations in memory recall and inhibitory control.
Due to the symptoms presented by the patient, SLE was suspected, and rheumatology evaluation was requested, integrating a diagnosis of incomplete SLE, and started treatment. The patient presented symptomatic improvement in cognitive symptoms and systemic signs. Likewise, a genetic evaluation was requested, without meeting the criteria for a genetic syndrome. The patient continues with symptomatic improvement and multidisciplinary treatment.Total scoresNaturalNormalizedDiagnosisOrbitomedial18083Mild alterationPref-Anterior22106NormalDorsolateral20788NormalBANFE total409104NormalImage:Image 2:ConclusionsNeurocognitive alterations are one of the most frequent manifestations of neurolupus, although its diagnosis and treatment may be delayed in the absence of clinical suspicion, mainly in multi-comorbid patients.In the case, the patient presented multiple diseases that can explain a picture of neurocognitive impairment, such as epilepsy, depression, hypothyroidism. However, in these cases, a multidisciplinary approach is imperative, requiring to rule out the different causes of the patient’s symptoms.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A very musical psychopathology – from intrusive musical imagery, to musical obsessions and hallucinations
Authors: Morais A. S. , Martins F. , Casimiro P. , Henriques V. , Descalço N. , Diniz Gomes R. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe semiological spectrum that encompasses musical imagery is a very confusing field, as it is often difficult to understand the nature of the underlying psychopathological phenomenon from the patient’s description.ObjectivesThe purpose of the authors is to explore reviewing, distinguishing and organizing the concepts such as Intrusive musical imagery, musical obsessions, musical hallucinations, pseudohallucinations and musical palinacousis.MethodsA brief non-systematized review is presented, using the literature available on PubMed and Google Scholar.ResultsIntrusive musical imagery (earworms, ohrwurms, or involuntary musical imagery) occur in more than 85% of general population, without pathology or ear disease. It involves the involuntary repetition of 15-30 seconds of a fragment of music/tune, persisting like a looping soundtrack, not being aversive.Musical obsessions are a rare form of intrusive imagery, occurring either with other symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder or isolated (“The stuck song syndrome”). It is recurrent, persistent, intrusive, unintentional, time consuming and causes distress or functional impairment (although not as ego-dystonic and aversive as usually intrusive visual imagery are); preserved insight.Musical hallucinations occur only in 0,16% in a general hospital; they can be linked to psychiatric diseases, but they are more common in neurological diseases (cerebral lesions, Parkinson’s disease, delirium, drug induced…). They are reported to with less controllability, less lyrical content, and lower familiarity, than other forms of inner music; are perceived to arise from an external source and are interpreted as veridical.Musical Pseudohallucinations can arise after severe hearing loss, in hallucinogen intoxication and in psychotic or non-psychotic disorders (as dissociative states or in borderline personality disorder). They occur in inner/subjective space, but insight can fluctuate.Musical palinacousis is associated with electroencephalogram and neuroimaging abnormalities, linked to structural brain pathology. There is perseveration (echoing) of an external auditory stimulus occurs after cessation of the stimulus.ConclusionsA rash classification can lead to misdiagnosis (for e.g. interpreting obsessive symptoms as hallucinatory phenomena or rendering an organic pathology undiagnosed) and the institution of inappropriate therapy. It is important to carefully explore these musical imagery phenomena when patients present these complaints, taking some time to characterize them.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Neutropenia induced by several second-generation antipsychotics :A case report
Authors: Zarouf H. , Chtibi M. , Belbachir S. , Ouanass A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAntipsychotic medications remain the mainstay of the treatment of various psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia. However, this therapeutic class can induce a range of side effects. Although the treatment with second generation antipsychotics includes a lower risk for extrapyramidal symptoms as compared to first generation antipsychotics, there are numerous adverse events that can result from atypical antipsychotics. Since the introduction of clozapine, there has been increased awareness regarding antipsychotic-induced hematological side effects.ObjectivesThe objective of this case report is to highlight the importance of the management of antipsychotic-induced neutropenia.MethodsWe report a patient with history of schizophrenia who developed neutropenia induced by Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine, Olanzapine, Amisulpride and Aripiprazole.ResultsWe present a case of a 43-year-old male patient with a history of schizophrenia, admitted in our department for the management of a state of agitation in the context of a relapse of his condition. On admission, the patient experienced psychotic symptoms, including delusions and auditory hallucinations, in addition to negative symptoms, such as affective flattening, alogia, avolition and asociality. He was then started on 12 mg of Haloperidol and 200 mg of Chlorpromazine with a white blood cells count (WBC) of 5.98 x 109/L and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 2.52 x 109/L (WBC reference range: 4.0-10.0 x 109 /L; ANC reference range: 1.5-7.0 x 109 /L). The patient did not report adverse events on this medication.15 days into hospitalization, a mild neutropenia was detected (WBC=3.92 x 109 /L and ANC=1.01 x 109 /L), leading to a discontinuation of the antipsychotic treatment. No signs of infection were found. After one month, the patient had a normal WBC and ANC. Aripiprazole was discussed as a first alternative and was begun at 5 mg/day and then at 10 mg/day. After one week of treatment with Aripiprazole, the patient’s WBC was normal, but the ANC decreased again leading to a moderate neutropenia (ANC=0.91x 109 /L). The antipsychotic treatment was once again discontinued and the hematological evaluation found no other identifiable cause. Afterwards, neither Olanzapine nor Amisulpride showed significant response to this adverse effect. Finally, the administration of Risperidone led to a positive outcome on the WBC and the ANC.ConclusionsAwareness regarding the hematological side effects of antipsychotics should increase and clinical management of this type of adverse event should be a subject of interest among psychiatrists.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Subcutaneous ketamine in the treatment of depression and suicide risk: case report.
Authors: Cigognini M. A. , Meene D. V. D. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionSeveral studies have shown that ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, represents a promising alternative in treating depression and suicide. The intranasal or intravenous use of ketamine, currently used, has limitations in terms of cost and complexity. The subcutaneous (SC) route may be an affordable alternative for the treatment of depression and suicidality.ObjectivesTo evaluate the response of SC ketamine (0,5 mg/kg) applications on depressive, anxiety, and suicide symptoms.MethodsA patient with unipolar depression and suicide attempt was submitted to 3 sessions of SC ketamine (0,5 mg/kg). The applications had 2 days of intervals. Clinical evaluations were measured by BDI, BSI, and BAI. The vital signs were monitored under 2 hours after injections and the potential side effects.ResultsChanges in measurement instruments according to applications can be seen in Tab 1:BDIBSIBAIApplication 1261418Application 2030000Application 3020000The average measurements of vital signs during 2 hours of monitoring for each application can be seen in Tab 2:BPHRRFOXECGNine measurements (average)123/8078,8617,5599%NPConclusionsThe use of SC ketamine showed remission in BDI, BSI and BAI, respectively demonstrated safety in use.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Rare adverse effects of Electro Convulsive Therapy
Authors: Licht C. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionECT’s most common side effects are headache, memory impairment, and cardiovascular changes [1]. We report the unusual case of unilateral eyelid swelling and cheek flushing as a side effect of ECT in a depressed but otherwise healthy patient.ObjectivesThe patient is a 53-year-old woman with a recurrent depressive disorder for 15 years with a current major depressive episode without psychotic symptoms. With therapy resistance to mirtazapine (60 mg/d) and lithium (675 mg/d; 0.75 mmol/l), an ECT series with a total of seven sessions were performed. Treatment was performed with right unilateral electrode placement according to d’Elia (RUL).MethodsAfter the first session (Thymatron IV; energy: 20%; pulse width: 0.5; EEG: 45 s), marked hemifacial erythema and supraorbital lid swelling on the right side were evident. After each of the total seven sessions with adequate seizures in the EEG between 45 to 68 s, hemifacial erythema and supraorbital eyelid swelling were evident on the right side.ResultsBoth supraorbital eyelid edema occurred immediately after seizure onset, and hemifacial erythema resolved spontaneously and entirely within 10 minutes after the termination of the respective seizure.ConclusionsThe right side of the face appeared normal before ECT and had no injuries or abnormalities. Trauma, allergic reactions to the anesthetic, or complications of manual ventilation were excluded. In the literature, only one case report with supraorbital eyelid edema [2] and one case report with hemifacial redness of the face [3] after ECT have been described so far. We evaluate the eyelid edema and erythema that occurred in our case as isolated benign complications, most likely due to autonomic activation of facial nerves due to electrical stimulation in RUL.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared