bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upgrading dilute ethanol to odd-chain carboxylic acids by a synthetic co-culture of Anaerotignum neopropionicum and Clostridium kluyveri
Authors: Parera Olm Ivette , Sousa Diana Z. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Dilute ethanol streams generated during fermentation of biomass or syngas can be used as feedstocks for the production of higher value products. In this study, we describe a novel synthetic microbial co-culture that can effectively upgrade dilute ethanol streams to odd-chain carboxylic acids (OCCAs), specifically valerate and heptanoate. The co-culture consists of two strict anaerobic microorganisms: Anaerotignum neopropionicum, a propionigenic bacterium that ferments ethanol, and Clostridium kluyveri, well-known for its chain-elongating metabolism. In this co-culture, A. neopropionicum grows on ethanol and CO2 producing propionate and acetate, which are then utilised by C. kluyveri for chain elongation with ethanol as the electron donor.

Results
A co-culture of A. neopropionicum and C. kluyveri was established in serum bottles with 50 mM ethanol, leading to the production of valerate (5.4 ± 0.1 mM) as main product of ethanol-driven chain elongation. In a continuous bioreactor supplied with 3.1 g ethanol L−1 d−1, the co-culture exhibited high ethanol conversion (96.6%) and produced 25% (mol/mol) valerate, with a steady-state concentration of 8.5 mM and a rate of 5.7 mmol L−1 d−1. In addition, up to 6.5 mM heptanoate was produced at a rate of 2.9 mmol L−1 d−1. Batch experiments were also conducted to study the individual growth of the two strains on ethanol. A. neopropionicum showed the highest growth rate when cultured with 50 mM ethanol (μmax = 0.103 ± 0.003 h−1) and tolerated ethanol concentrations of up to 300 mM. Cultivation experiments with C. kluyveri showed that propionate and acetate were used simultaneously for chain elongation. However, growth on propionate alone (50 mM and 100 mM) led to a 1.8-fold reduction in growth rate compared to growth on acetate. Our results also revealed sub-optimal substrate use by C. kluyveri during odd-chain elongation, where excessive ethanol was oxidised to acetate.

Conclusions
This study highlights the potential of synthetic co-cultivation in chain elongation processes to target the production of OCCAs. Furthermore, our findings shed light on to the metabolism of odd-chain elongation by C. kluyveri.
Cloud Enterprise Dynamic Risk Assessment (CEDRA): a dynamic risk assessment using dynamic Bayesian networks for cloud environment
Authors: Behbehani Dawood , Komninos Nikos , Al-Begain Khalid , Rajarajan Muttukrishnan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCloud computing adoption has been increasing rapidly amid COVID-19 as organisations accelerate the implementation of their digital strategies. Most models adopt traditional dynamic risk assessment, which does not adequately quantify or monetise risks to enable business-appropriate decision-making. In view of this challenge, a new model is proposed in this paper for assignment of monetary losses terms to the consequences nodes, thereby enabling experts to understand better the financial risks of any consequence. The proposed model is named Cloud Enterprise Dynamic Risk Assessment (CEDRA) model that uses CVSS, threat intelligence feeds and information about exploitation availability in the wild using dynamic Bayesian networks to predict vulnerability exploitations and financial losses. A case study of a scenario based on the Capital One breach attack was conducted to demonstrate experimentally the applicability of the model proposed in this paper. The methods presented in this study has improved vulnerability and financial losses prediction.
Targeting NRF2 uncovered an intrinsic susceptibility of acute myeloid leukemia cells to ferroptosis
Authors: Liu Xin , Zhong Shuxin , Qiu Kangjie , Chen Xi , Wu Weiyue , Zheng Jiamian , Liu Yanwen , Wu Haolong , Fan Shiyun , Nie Dingrui , Wang Xianfeng , Yu Zhi , Liao Ziwei , Zhong Mengjun , Li Yangqiu , Zeng Chengwu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDrug resistance and poor treatment response are major obstacles to the effective treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A deeper understanding of the mechanisms regulating drug resistance and response genes in AML is therefore urgently needed. Our previous research has highlighted the important role of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in AML, where it plays a critical role in detoxifying reactive oxygen species and influencing sensitivity to chemotherapy. In this study, we identify a core set of direct NRF2 targets that are involved in ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death. Of particular interest, we find that glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is a key ferroptosis gene that is consistently upregulated in AML, and high expression of GPX4 is associated with poor prognosis for AML patients. Importantly, simultaneous inhibition of NRF2 with ML385 and GPX4 with FIN56 or RSL3 synergistically targets AML cells, triggering ferroptosis. Treatment with ML385 + FIN56/RSL3 resulted in a marked reduction in NRF2 and GPX4 expression. Furthermore, NRF2 knockdown enhanced the sensitivity of AML cells to the ferroptosis inducers. Taken together, our results suggest that combination therapy targeting both NRF2 and GPX4 may represent a promising approach for the treatment of AML.
Tracking crocodylia: a review of telemetry studies on movements and spatial use
Authors: Mascarenhas-Junior Paulo Braga , Sousa Correia Jozelia Maria , Simões Pedro Ivo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCrocodylians are top predators that play key ecological roles in aquatic ecosystems. As in other groups of large predators, crocodylian populations are often impacted by habitat loss, habitat degradation or direct exploitation for commercial purposes or subsistence. Hence, understanding their spatiotemporal ecology can provide valuable information for conservation planning. We reviewed the published scientific literature on telemetry-tracking in crocodylians, combining the terms “telemetry”, “track” or “tag” and variations; “VHF”, “UHF”, “satellite”, “GPS”, “radio”, “acoustic” or “transmitters”; and “caiman”, “alligator”, “crocodile”, “gharial” or “Crocodylia”. Publications retrieved by our search were carefully reviewed for information on study length, geographic location, sample size, taxonomy, and telemetry technology used. We identified 72 research articles in indexed journals and 110 reports available from the IUCN’s Crocodile Specialist Group, published between 1970 and 2022. Publications included 23 of the 27-living described crocodylian species. We identified strong geographic and taxonomic biases, with most articles proceeding from the USA (21.2%) and Australia (14%), with Alligator mississipiensis and Crocodylus porosus as the main target species in studies conducted in these countries, respectively. Despite representing 22% of IUCN’s reports, Gavialis gangeticus was referred in a single indexed research article. VHF telemetry was the prevalent tracking method, followed by GPS and acoustic transmitters. Studies using VHF devices had generally shorter in length when compared to alternative technologies. Transmitter weight represented less than 2% of the body mass of the carrying individual in all studies. Although attachment site of transmitters was notified in all research papers, few described anaesthetic or clinical procedures during attachment (33%). Our review highlights the need to encourage publication of crocodylian telemetry studies in non-English speaking countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, where many endemic species are threatened. We also highlight the need of detailed information on methods and results to facilitate the choice and implementation of appropriate protocols in future telemetry-tracking studies.
Predictors of adherence to electronic self-monitoring in patients with bipolar disorder: a contactless study using Growth Mixture Models
Authors: Ortiz Abigail , Park Yunkyung , Gonzalez-Torres Christina , Alda Martin , Blumberger Daniel M. , Burnett Rachael , Husain M. Ishrat , Sanches Marcos , Mulsant Benoit H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Several studies have reported on the feasibility of electronic (e-)monitoring using computers or smartphones in patients with mental disorders, including bipolar disorder (BD). While studies on e-monitoring have examined the role of demographic factors, such as age, gender, or socioeconomic status and use of health apps, to our knowledge, no study has examined clinical characteristics that might impact adherence with e-monitoring in patients with BD. We analyzed adherence to e-monitoring in patients with BD who participated in an ongoing e-monitoring study and evaluated whether demographic and clinical factors would predict adherence.

Methods
Eighty-seven participants with BD in different phases of the illness were included. Patterns of adherence for wearable use, daily and weekly self-rating scales over 15 months were analyzed to identify adherence trajectories using growth mixture models (GMM). Multinomial logistic regression models were fitted to compute the effects of predictors on GMM classes.

Results
Overall adherence rates were 79.5% for the wearable; 78.5% for weekly self-ratings; and 74.6% for daily self-ratings. GMM identified three latent class subgroups: participants with (i) perfect; (ii) good; and (iii) poor adherence. On average, 34.4% of participants showed “perfect” adherence; 37.1% showed “good” adherence; and 28.2% showed poor adherence to all three measures. Women, participants with a history of suicide attempt, and those with a history of inpatient admission were more likely to belong to the group with perfect adherence.

Conclusions
Participants with higher illness burden (e.g., history of admission to hospital, history of suicide attempts) have higher adherence rates to e-monitoring. They might see e-monitoring as a tool for better documenting symptom change and better managing their illness, thus motivating their engagement.
The effect of marital satisfaction on the self-assessed depression of husbands and wives: investigating the moderating effects of the number of children and neurotic personality
Authors: Yang Le , Yang Ziqi , Yang Jingjing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Based on the family system theory, there is an interactive relationship in the family, especially the cognitive style and emotional changes of the husband and wife will affect the behavior, cognition and emotion of the partner. Data about the effects of marital relationships on mental health are often paired. Scholars study the effect of individual independent variables on the dependent variables and the effect of spouse independent variables on the dependent variables to explore the actor and partner effect in marital relationships.

Methods
This study used the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2018 dataset to collect paired data on the marital satisfaction and self-rated mental health of 9,560 couples. The Actor–Partner Interdependence Moderation Model (APIMoM) was used to analyze whether moderator variables affect the direction and strength of the effect of marital satisfaction on self-rated depression. In the robustness test part, the robustness of the APIMoM model was tested by reanalyzing the independent variables using two kinds of binary codes respectively, and the results showed that the models were robust.

Results
Individuals’ marital satisfaction was significantly negatively correlated with their own depression level and with that of their spouse. The number of family members had a positive moderating effect on the results of the wife’s partner effect. Couples who lived in the environment with more family members had lower depression scores. Couples who have more children have higher depression scores. The number of children has a negative moderating effect on the results of partner effect of husbands and wives. The wife’s neurotic personality score has a negative moderating effect on the wife’s actor effect.

Conclusions
In terms of measures to prevent depression, women’s mental health should be given more priority than men’s. Living in a larger family with more children is beneficial for couples’ mental health. Efforts to prevent depression in couples should take into account the neurotic character of the members, especially the wife, and design special treatment and preventive measures accordingly. These findings highlight that binary dynamics should be considered in exploring what factors influence the mental health of married couples.
Spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages in the Yangtze River Basin: a Geodetector model
Authors: Chen Wanxu , Yang Liyan , Wu Jianhua , Wu Jiahui , Wang Guanzheng , Bian Jiaojiao , Zeng Jie , Liu Zhiling 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Yangtze River Basin (YRB) is the birthplace of Chinese civilization and is rich in traditional village resources. Studying their spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors can guide the protection, inheritance, and development of traditional villages in YRB. This study takes 5 batches of 3346 traditional villages in YRB since 2012 as the research object. Using the nearest neighbor index, kernel density analysis, standard deviation ellipse, and Geodetector model, we analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages in YRB and detected their influencing factors. The results show that the distribution of traditional villages in YRB exhibited a spatial pattern of cohesive clusters, forming a high-density area and development center in the junction zone between Guizhou and Hunan provinces and southeast of Anhui Province, and secondary-density areas in Northeast Yunnan Province and east Jiangxi Province. The results of the Geodetector show that the formation of the spatial distribution pattern of traditional villages in YRB is affected by the combined effects of natural and socio-economic factors, among which elevation and NDVI were the main factors, and the interaction of multiple factors showed an enhanced trend. The findings of this study can provide scientific decision-making support for the development and protection of traditional villages in YRB.
Practical ANN prediction models for the axial capacity of square CFST columns
Authors: Đorđević Filip , Kostić Svetlana M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, two machine-learning algorithms based on the artificial neural network (ANN) model are proposed to estimate the ultimate compressive strength of square concrete-filled steel tubular columns. The development of such prognostic models is achievable since an extensive set of experimental tests exist for these members. The models are developed to use the simplest possible network architecture but attain very high accuracy. A total dataset of 1022 specimens with 685 stub columns and 337 slender columns subjected to pure axial compression is collected from the available literature. This is significant for the development of the initial model considering that for this field it falls under the scope of big data analysis. The ANN models are validated by comparison with experimental results. The validation study has shown the superiority of surrogate models over the Eurocode 4 design code. The empirical equation derived from the best-tuned Bayesian regularization algorithm shows a better agreement with the experimental results than those obtained by the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, and Eurocode 4 design code. A similar conclusion applies to stub and slender columns independently. The Bayesian regularization-based model is negligibly slower than the one developed on the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm but gives a better generalization even with simplified ANN. Generally, besides its high accuracy, one of the key benefits of the presented ANN model is its applicability to a broader range of columns than Eurocode 4 and other studies.
The impact of a preoperative nurse-led orientation program on postoperative delirium after cardiovascular surgery: a retrospective single-center observational study
Authors: Nakamura Ryo , Miyamoto Kyohei , Tsuji Kaori , Ozaki Kana , Kunimoto Hideki , Honda Kentaro , Nishimura Yoshiharu , Kato Seiya 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative delirium in intensive care is common and associated with mortality, cognitive impairment, prolonged hospital stays and high costs. We evaluate whether a nurse-led orientation program could reduce the incidence of delirium in the intensive care unit after cardiovascular surgery.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled patients admitted to the intensive care unit for planned cardiovascular surgery between January 2020 and December 2021. A nurse-led orientation program based on a preoperative visit was routinely introduced from January 2021. We assessed the association between these visits and postoperative delirium in the intensive care unit. We also assessed predictors of postoperative delirium with baseline and intraoperative characteristics.

Results
Among 253 patients with planned cardiovascular surgery, 128 (50.6%) received preoperative visits. Valve surgery comprised 44.7%, coronary surgery 31.6%, and aortic surgery 20.9%. Cardiopulmonary bypass use and transcatheter surgery were 60.5% and 12.3%, respectively. Incidence of delirium was lower in patients that received preoperative visits, and median hospital stay was shorter than in those without visits (18 patients [14.1%] vs 34 patients [27.2%], P < 0.01; 14 days vs 17 days, P < 0.01). After adjusting predefined confounders, preoperative visits were independently associated with decreased incidence of delirium (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.45; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.22–0.84). Other predictors of delirium were higher European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II score and lower minimum intraoperative cerebral oxygen saturation.

Conclusions
A preoperative nurse-led orientation program was associated with reduction of postoperative delirium and could be effective against postoperative delirium after cardiovascular surgery.
Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trial Registry no. UMIN000048142. Registered 22, July, 2022, retrospectively registered, https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000054862.
Rice developmental stages modulate rhizosphere bacteria and archaea co-occurrence and sensitivity to long-term inorganic fertilization in a West African Sahelian agro-ecosystem
Authors: Dondjou Donald Tchouomo , Diedhiou Abdala Gamby , Mbodj Daouda , Mofini Marie-Thérèse , Pignoly Sarah , Ndiaye Cheikh , Diedhiou Issa , Assigbetse Komi , Manneh Baboucarr , Laplaze Laurent , Kane Aboubacry 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Rhizosphere microbial communities are important components of the soil-plant continuum in paddy field ecosystems. These rhizosphere communities contribute to nutrient cycling and rice productivity. The use of fertilizers is a common agricultural practice in rice paddy fields. However, the long-term impact of the fertilizers usage on the rhizosphere microbial communities at different rice developmental stages remains poorly investigated. Here, we examined the effects of long-term (27 years) N and NPK-fertilization on bacterial and archaeal community inhabiting the rice rhizosphere at three developmental stages (tillering, panicle initiation and booting) in the Senegal River Delta.

Results
We found that the effect of long-term inorganic fertilization on rhizosphere microbial communities varied with the rice developmental stage, and between microbial communities in their response to N and NPK-fertilization. The microbial communities inhabiting the rice rhizosphere at panicle initiation appear to be more sensitive to long-term inorganic fertilization than those at tillering and booting stages. However, the effect of developmental stage on microbial sensitivity to long-term inorganic fertilization was more pronounced for bacterial than archaeal community. Furthermore, our data reveal dynamics of bacteria and archaea co-occurrence patterns in the rice rhizosphere, with differentiated bacterial and archaeal pivotal roles in the microbial inter-kingdom networks across developmental stages.

Conclusions
Our study brings new insights on rhizosphere bacteria and archaea co-occurrence and the long-term inorganic fertilization impact on these communities across developmental stages in field-grown rice. It would help in developing strategies for the successful manipulation of microbial communities to improve rice yields.
Digital implant placement accuracy: a clinical study on a fully-guided flapless single-unit immediate-loading protocol
Authors: Pirooz Parsa , Atri Faezeh , Gholami Paria , Bayat Mohammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aims
The primary aim of the present study was to measure the discrepancy between the virtual and the actual position of the single-unit implants placed via a digitally-designed fully-guided surgical template using a flapless surgical technique. Prefabricated provisional restorations and periodontal factors were evaluated after the immediate loading of implants and 3 months after the surgery, respectively.

Materials and methods
Fourteen implants in nine patients were virtually planned after importing intraoral scans and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) records into 3D planning software. Accordingly, fully-guided surgical templates, customized abutments, and provisional restorations were designed and fabricated. The implant position after the surgery was compared with its virtual counterpart in terms of angular and apical linear deviations. Implants were immediately loaded after the surgery, and the occlusal level of the delivered provisional restorations was compared with their designed positions. Early implant failure, bleeding on probing, and peri-implant pockets were documented on the 3-month follow-up.

Results
A mean angular deviation of 5.07 ± 2.06° and a mean apical linear deviation of 1.74 ± 0.63 mm resulted. Two out of 14 implants failed within the first 3 months of the surgery, and the occlusal level difference was calculated for nine prefabricated provisional restorations.

Conclusions
DIONAVI protocol has been evaluated regarding its accuracy, and an estimation of the expected deviation is presented to the clinicians using this protocol. However, before widespread use, immediate-loading protocols and provisional restorations must be studied further.

Trial registration
IRCT, IRCT20211208053334N1. Registered 6 August 2022.
Anesthetic management of a patient with an electroencephalogram phenotype for a “vulnerable brain”: a case report
Authors: Wakabayashi Ryo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Low frontal alpha power is an electroencephalogram phenotype suggesting vulnerability to anesthetics. This phenotype for a “vulnerable brain” carries risks for burst suppression at lower-than-expected anesthetic concentrations and therefore for postoperative delirium.

Case presentation
A 73-year-old man underwent a laparoscopic Miles’ operation. He was monitored with a bispectral index monitor. Before the skin incision, the fraction of age-adjusted minimum alveolar concentration of desflurane was 0.48, and a spectrogram showed slow-delta oscillation despite a bispectral index value of 38–48. Although the fraction of age-adjusted minimum alveolar concentration of desflurane decreased to 0.33, the EEG signature remained unchanged, along with a similar bispectral index value. No burst suppression patterns were observed throughout the whole procedure, and he did not experience postoperative delirium.

Conclusions
This case suggests that monitoring of electroencephalogram signatures is helpful for detecting patients with a “vulnerable brain” and for providing optimal anesthetic depth in such patients.