bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Social Environment Matters for Telomere Length and Internalizing Problems During Adolescence
Authors: Kertes Darlene A. , Clendinen Cherita , Duan Ke , Rabinowitz Jill A. , Browning Christopher , Kvam Peter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDepression and anxiety symptoms are on the rise among adolescents. With increasing evidence that cellular aging may be associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms, there is an urgent need to identify the social environment context that may moderate this link. This study addresses this research gap by investigating the moderating role of the social environment on the relation between telomere length and emotional health among adolescents. Participants were 411 non-Hispanic (88.56%) Black (100%) adolescents (M = 14.23 years, SD = 1.85, female = 54%) in a major metropolitan city. Youth and parents reported on an array of social risk and protective factors, and youth provided DNA samples for telomere length measurement. Results demonstrated that the association of telomere length and anxiety symptoms was stronger among youth with higher perceived stress or lower school belongingness, and the association of telomere length with depressive symptoms was stronger under conditions of higher parent inter-partner psychological aggression. The results enhance our understanding of the complex associations between biological aging, the social environment, and mental health in adolescence.
Impact of the metabolic syndrome on prevalence and survival in motor neuron disease: a retrospective case series
Authors: Oh Jee Eun , Oh Jee Ah , Demopoulos Mary , Clark Karen M , Phillips Matthew CL 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetabolic dysfunction is an important factor in the pathogenesis of motor neuron disease, but its prevalence and association with survival in this disorder is unknown. We hypothesized that patients with motor neuron disease would show a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome compared to the general New Zealand population, and that metabolic syndrome would be associated with worsened survival. We undertook a retrospective analysis in 109 motor neuron disease patients diagnosed and treated at Waikato Hospital from 2013 to 2020. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Survival was defined as the date of initial symptom onset to the date of death. Of 104 eligible patients, 34 patients (33%) had metabolic syndrome (33% of Europeans, 46% of Māori). Mean survival in motor neuron disease patients with metabolic syndrome was significantly reduced compared to patients without metabolic syndrome (38 vs. 61 months, P = 0.044), with a 5-year survival rate of 21% for the former and 38% for the latter (P = 0.012). Compared with the general New Zealand population, metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent amongst motor neuron disease patients in the Waikato region and it is associated with worsened survival. Metabolic dysfunction may be a key factor underlying the pathogenesis of motor neuron disease.
Anatomy of the “deathly silence”: Slovenian newspapers in Carniola and the pre-March censorship
Authors: Dović Marijan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe media landscape of the Habsburg Monarchy in the pre-March period was relatively meagre. In Carniola and other Austrian crownlands with a Slovenian population, the opportunities for literary development were limited: this is well evidenced by the ban on the publication of Slavinja in mid-1820 as well as by the many conflicts Krajnska čbelica (‘The Carniolan Bee’) had with censorship in the early 1830s. The modesty of literary activity in Slovenia at this time is often related to the low level of education and literacy among the population, discontinuity in the development of literary culture, and the general underdevelopment of the emerging Slovenian literary and media systems. However, imperial censorship also decisively contributed to this state of affairs. This article therefore outlines the functioning of the pre-March censorship apparatus at the state and local levels, showing how the censorship office in Vienna (headed by the count Josef Sedlnitzky) systematically blocked attempts to establish Slovenian-language periodicals (Slavinja, Slovenske novice ‘Slovenian News’ with its supplement Zora ‘The Dawn’, and Ilirske novice ‘Illyrian News’ with its supplement Ilirski Merkur ‘The Illyrian Mercury’) and how local factors were involved in these processes. It is argued that the power to ban a newspaper had a much stronger impact on the Slovenian press than the activities of local or state censorship. In particular, the long struggle to establish Kmetijske in rokodelske novice (‘Agricultural and Handicraft News’) between 1838 and 1843 testifies to the early tendency of the imperial censorship apparatus to block the respective national(ist) agendas.
The Auditory Agnosias: a Short Review of Neurofunctional Evidence
Authors: Miceli Gabriele , Caccia Antea 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To investigate the neurofunctional correlates of pure auditory agnosia and its varieties (global, verbal, and nonverbal), based on 116 anatomoclinical reports published between 1893 and 2022, with emphasis on hemispheric lateralization, intrahemispheric lesion site, underlying cognitive impairments.

Recent Findings
Pure auditory agnosia is rare, and observations accumulate slowly. Recent patient reports and neuroimaging studies on neurotypical subjects offer insights into the putative mechanisms underlying auditory agnosia, while challenging traditional accounts.

Summary
Global auditory agnosia frequently results from bilateral temporal damage. Verbal auditory agnosia strictly correlates with language-dominant hemisphere lesions. Damage involves the auditory pathways, but the critical lesion site is unclear. Both the auditory cortex and associative areas are reasonable candidates, but cases resulting from brainstem damage are on record. The hemispheric correlates of nonverbal auditory input disorders are less clear. They correlate with unilateral damage to either hemisphere, but evidence is scarce. Based on published cases, pure auditory agnosias are neurologically and functionally heterogeneous. Phenotypes are influenced by co-occurring cognitive impairments. Future studies should start from these facts and integrate patient data and studies in neurotypical individuals.
Integration of a drying and pyrolysis system in a green biorefinery: biochar product quality and impacts on the overall energy balance and climate footprint
Authors: Ravenni G. , Thomsen T. P. , Smith A. M. , Ambye-Jensen M. , Rohde-Nielsen K. T. , Henriksen Ulrik B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGreen biorefineries can support the reduction of soybeans imports to Europe, by producing protein-rich animal feed from alternative feedstock such as perennial grass and legume species. Once the protein-rich green juice is extracted, a fiber-rich pulp is left as a residue. This work investigates the thermochemical processing of the pulp via pyrolysis as an option to improve the energy balance and climate footprint of a green biorefinery, by producing non-fossil energy and a high-value biochar product. Laboratory-scale pyrolysis and biochar activation were carried out on pulp samples obtained from different perennial species, different pressing method, and maturity at harvest. The results highlighted the importance of the activation stage to obtain a porous biochar, potentially suitable as animal feed additive. The effects on the overall energy balance and climate impact of the system following the integration of pulp drying and pyrolysis, plus a possible activation step for the biochar, were evaluated with a techno-environmental assessment. The pulp sample composition had only limited influence on the climate impact potentials identified. In all cases, it was found that the integration of a combined drying-pyrolysis-activation system in the green biorefinery may provide substantial additional climate benefits but also that the magnitude of these is strongly dependent on the substitution use-value of the energy products.
Glasgow prognostic score for assessing the efficacy of whole-brain radiation therapy in cases of recursive partitioning analysis class 2 and class 3 multiple brain metastases: a retrospective study
Authors: Ishikawa Yojiro , Umezawa Rei , Yamamoto Takaya , Takahashi Noriyoshi , Takeda Kazuya , Suzuki Yu , Kishida Keita , Omata So , Teramura Satoshi , Ito Kengo , Yamada Takayuki , Jingu Keiichi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) may not be beneficial for patients with brain metastases (BMs). The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) is a suggested prognostic factor for malignancies. However, GPS has never been assessed in patients with BMs who have undergone WBRT. The purpose of this study was to determine whether GPS can be used to identify subgroups of patients with BMs who have a poor prognosis, such as recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) Class 2 and Class 3, and who will not receive clinical prognostic benefits from WBRT.

Materials and methods
A total of 180 Japanese patients with BMs were treated with WBRT between May 2008 and October 2015. We examined GPS, age, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), RPA, graded prognostic assessment (GPA), number of lesions, tumor size, history of brain surgery, presence of clinical symptoms, and radiation doses.

Results
The overall median survival time (MST) was 6.1 months. seventeen patients (9.4%) were alive more than 2 years after WBRT. In univariate analysis, KPS ≤ 70 (p = 0.0066), GPA class 0–2 (p = 0.0008), > 3 BMs (p = 0.012), > 4 BMs (p = 0.02), patients who received ≥ 3 Gy per fraction (p = 0.0068), GPS ≥ 1 (p = 0.0003), and GPS ≥ 2 (p = 0.0009) were found to significantly decrease the MST. Patients who had brain surgery before WBRT (p = 0.036) had a longer survival. On multivariate analysis, GPS ≥ 1 (p = 0.008) was found to significantly decrease MST.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that GPS ≥ 1 indicates a poor prognosis in patients undergoing WBRT for intermediate and poor prognosis BMs.
Influence of the process parameters on the grinding result in continuous generating grinding of cutting tools
Authors: Denkena Berend , Bergmann Benjamin , Wolters Philipp , Gärtner Niklas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractContinuous generating grinding processes have largely replaced discontinuous profile grinding processes in gear manufacturing due to their higher productivity. On order to transfer the advantage of the productivity benefits of this process to tool grinding, the continuous generating grinding was adapted to the manufacture of cutting tools. However, this novel approach of using continuous generating grinding processes for tool grinding has not been widely investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the influence of cutting speed, feed and radial depth of cut on the process result and thus to generate initial knowledge for the process design. Subsequently, the influence of these parameters on the grinding worm wear as well as on the cutting edge quality and surface properties of the ground milling tools are investigated. The results show that an increase of the radial depth of cut leads to a reduction of the process time by the factor of four without significantly influencing the wear of the grinding worm tooth. Furthermore, an increase of the cutting speed only leads to an increase in the initial wear of the grinding worm after the dressing process. For this reason, the cutting speed offers the potential to further increase the productivity of the process. The microgeometry of the cutting edge of the ground milling tool is mainly affected by the feed and the macro geometry by the feed and radial depth of cut.
Clearing up Clouds: Underspecification in Demonstrative Communication
Authors: Harder Rory 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper explains how an assertion may be understood despite there being nothing said or meant by the assertion. That such understanding is possible is revealed by cases of the so-called “felicitous underspecification” of demonstratives: cases where there is understanding of an assertion containing a demonstrative despite the interlocutors not settling on one or another object as the one the speaker is talking about (King 2014a, 2017, 2021). I begin by showing how Stalnaker’s ([1978] 1999) well-known pragmatic principles adequately permit and constrain the felicitous underspecification of demonstratives. I then establish a connection between the satisfaction of Stalnaker’s principles and understanding, and show how that connection sheds further light on the relevant cases. After developing and motivating my proposal, I address some objections to it, then briefly discuss the felicitous underspecification of expressions other than demonstratives alongside contrasting my proposal with a similar one from Bowker (2015, 2019) that concerns definite descriptions.
Idea generation, development and selection: a study of mechanical engineering students’ natural approaches and the impact of hybrid learning blocks
Authors: Lee Jin Woo , Daly Shanna R. , Vadakumcherry Varghese , Rodriguez Gabriella 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Developing effective design solutions requires successful idea generation, development and selection. Studies have demonstrated that engineering students face challenges in these idea phases and may struggle to implement recommended practices, hindering the potential for an innovative outcome. The first part of the study investigated student practices in idea generation, development and selection through think-aloud experimental sessions and post-session interviews. Data analysis from mechanical engineering students’ sessions, with think-aloud and interview data, revealed that students focused on existing ideas, assumed requirements that constrained their divergence, limited their development of ideas and did not engage much in idea selection. Then, in the second phase of the study, we implemented a learning intervention that leveraged research-based education practices to examine student adoption of recommended practices. After engaging with the learning blocks, students generated unconventional ideas, abstained from requirement assumptions early in ideation, generated a larger quantity of ideas, developed ideas intentionally and used more rigorous idea selection methods. These outcomes demonstrated that a relatively short and targeted intervention can support students in leveraging recommended approaches to idea generation, development and selection.
Falling labour share and anaemic growth in Portugal: A post-Keynesian econometric analysis
Authors: Alcobia João , Barradas Ricardo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent decades, the labour share has experienced a downward trend in Portugal at the same time as a weaker and anaemic growth pattern. This seems to suggest that the fall in the labour share represents an important constraint on Portuguese economic growth, which is contrary to the orthodox claims around wage restraint policies – namely, that such policies are a necessary condition of improved macroeconomic performance, owing to their positive effects on private investment through higher profits and on net exports through reduced unit labour costs and a corresponding rise in competitiveness. This study assesses the relationship between labour share growth and economic growth by performing a time series econometric analysis focused on Portugal from 1971 to 2021. Findings show that labour share growth has positively impacted on economic growth in Portugal, which is in line with heterodox claims and particularly with post-Keynesian economics on the beneficial effects on private consumption played by the growth of wages. Findings also confirm that the Portuguese economy has followed a wage-led growth regime instead of a profit-led growth regime; that is, a rise in wages increases aggregate demand and, therefore, boosts economic growth because its beneficial effect on private consumption more than compensates for a prejudicial effect on private investment and on net exports. The study points out the urgent need to adopt public policies to support the growth of wages to avoid more decades of dismal growth and a new ‘secular stagnation’ in Portugal.
Nanosecond laser conditioning of multilayer dielectric gratings for picosecond–petawatt laser systems
Authors: Shuai Kun , Zhao Yuanan , Liu Xiaofeng , Lin Xiangkun , Xia Zhilin , Qiu Keqiang , Li Dawei , Gong He , Zhou Yan , Sun Jian , Zhou Li , Jiang Youen , Dai Yaping , Shao Jianda 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Multilayer dielectric gratings (MLDGs) are crucial for pulse compression in picosecond–petawatt laser systems. Bulged nodular defects, embedded in coating stacks during multilayer deposition, influence the lithographic process and performance of the final MLDG products. In this study, the integration of nanosecond laser conditioning (NLC) into different manufacturing stages of MLDGs was proposed for the first time on multilayer dielectric films (MLDFs) and final grating products to improve laser-induced damage performance. The results suggest that the remaining nodular ejection pits introduced by the two protocols exhibit a high nanosecond laser damage resistance, which remains stable when the irradiated laser fluence is more than twice the nanosecond-laser-induced damage threshold (nanosecond-LIDT) of the unconditioned MLDGs. Furthermore, the picosecond-LIDT of the nodular ejection pit conditioned on the MLDFs was approximately 40% higher than that of the nodular defects, and the loss of the grating structure surrounding the nodular defects was avoided. Therefore, NLC is an effective strategy for improving the laser damage resistance of MLDGs.
Healthcare-associated respiratory viral infections after discontinuing universal masking
Authors: Most Zachary M. , Phillips Bethany , Sebert Michael E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn November 2022, our pediatric hospital replaced the requirement for universal masking of all healthcare personnel and visitors in all clinical buildings with a requirement for masking only during patient encounters. Following this change, we observed an immediate, substantial, and sustained increase in healthcare-associated respiratory viral infections.
The Postal System in Safavid, Afsharid, and Zand Iran
Authors: Floor Willem 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
While the functioning of the postal system in Iran before 1500 and after 1800 has been studied, this article analyzes, based entirely on primary sources, the operation and characteristics of the Iranian postal system between 1500 and 1800 for the very first time. Such a study enables scholars to better understand the functioning of communication between both government officials and private individuals in Safavid, Afshari, and Zand Iran. During this time, there were two types of messengers: express-mounted couriers (chapar) for official business and foot messengers (shaters) for both official and private mail. The designation of qased was rarely used to denote mail foot messengers.
Underrepresented Outperformers: Female Legislators in the Chinese Congress
Authors: Feng Xinrui , Hou Yue , Liu Mingxing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the first systematic study of the political behaviour of female members of China's national legislature, the National People's Congress (NPC). Women held 23 per cent of seats in the 12th NPC, yet they sponsored 44 per cent of all legislative bill proposals and more than half of the bills relevant to women's interests. Women sponsored more bills (4.8 bills) than did men (3.1 bills). We propose that there are two mechanisms driving women's outperformance: (i) women are more collaborative than men, and (ii) female leadership encourages female participation. We analyse 2,366 bills and show that women are disproportionately more active than men in all issue areas and are particularly engaged with women's issues. Our findings demonstrate that underrepresented regime outsiders (women) can carve out a space to amplify their voices, outperform insiders and shape policy direction to a certain extent within an authoritarian legislature.
Training Computational Social Science PhD Students for Academic and Non-Academic Careers
Authors: Kesari Aniket , Kim Jae Yeon , Shah Sono , Brown Taylor , Ventura Tiago , Law Tina 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTSocial scientists with data science skills increasingly are assuming positions as computational social scientists in academic and non-academic organizations. However, because computational social science (CSS) is still relatively new to the social sciences, it can feel like a hidden curriculum for many PhD students. To support social science PhD students, this article is an accessible guide to CSS training based on previous literature and our collective working experiences in academic, public-, and private-sector organizations. We contend that students should supplement their traditional social science training in research design and domain expertise with CSS training by focusing on three core areas: (1) learning data science skills, (2) building a portfolio that uses data science to answer social science questions, and (3) connecting with computational social scientists. We conclude with practical recommendations for departments and professional associations to better support PhD students.
Predicting neuropsychological late effects in pediatric brain tumor survivors using the Neurological Predictor Scale and the Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Rating of Treatment Intensity
Authors: Srsich Alannah R. , McCurdy Mark D. , Fantozzi Peter M. , Hocking Matthew C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjective:The Neurological Predictor Scale (NPS) quantifies cumulative exposure to tumor- and treatment-related neurological risks. The Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Rating of Treatment Intensity (PNORTI) measures the intensity of different treatment modalities, but research is needed to establish whether it is associated with late effects. This study evaluated the predictive validity of the NPS and PNORTI for neuropsychological outcomes in pediatric brain tumor survivors.Method:A retrospective chart review was completed of pediatric brain tumor survivors (PBTS) (n = 161, Mage = 13.47, SD = 2.80) who were at least 2 years from the end of tumor-directed treatment. Attention, intellectual functioning, perceptual reasoning, processing speed, verbal reasoning, and working memory were analyzed in relation to the NPS and PNORTI.Results:NPS scores ranged from 1 to 11 (M = 5.57, SD = 2.27) and PNORTI scores ranged from 1 (n = 101; 62.7%) to 3 (n = 18; 11.2%). When controlling for age, sex, SES factors, and time since treatment, NPS scores significantly predicted intellectual functioning [F(7,149) = 12.86, p < .001, R2 = .38] and processing speed [F(7,84) = 5.28, p < .001, R2 = .31]. PNORTI scores did not significantly predict neuropsychological outcomes.Conclusions:The findings suggest that the NPS has value in predicting IF and processing speed above-and-beyond demographic variables. The PNORTI was not associated with neuropsychological outcomes. Future research should consider establishing clinical cutoff scores for the NPS to help determine which survivors are most at risk for neuropsychological late effects and warrant additional assessment.