bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The entrepreneurial intention of top athletes—does resilience lead the way?
Authors: Steinbrink Kathrin M. , Ströhle Celine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSome jobs have a higher level of challenges and adversities. Individuals pursuing these jobs learn how to react to challenges and build up resilience. Within this study, we concentrated on the potential career path of top athletes as entrepreneurs, who are both expected to have a higher level of resilience than non-athletes. The purpose of this research was to examine if resilience is a determining factor on entrepreneurial intention and if the model based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) can be applied in general and for specific groups with a high level of resilience. To address the research questions, we collected data from a sample of 195 top athletes and 142 non-athletes. First, the level of resilience and entrepreneurial intention were compared with an analysis of variance (ANOVA). Subsequently, the structural equation model tested the influence of resilience on entrepreneurial intention, mediated by the TPB, first for the whole sample and then as a multigroup comparison for both groups. Resilience had an indirect influence on entrepreneurial intention, mediated by the explaining factors of the TPB (personal attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control). The multigroup comparison revealed a difference in the influence of perceived behavioral control on entrepreneurial intention between top athletes and non-athletes. Based on these results, this research added further knowledge to the field of entrepreneurial intention by examining the specific role of resilience necessary for careers as top athletes and entrepreneurs. It also contributes by researching the specific group of top athletes compared to non-athletes and extrapolating recommendations in entrepreneurship education for both groups, as creating athletes' awareness of potential overconfidence or implementing resilience training in education for non-athletes.
Eine bessere Schule in post-pandemischen Zeiten? Differenzierte Gestaltungswünsche bei Wiener Schüler_innen
Authors: Holtgrewe Ursula , Vana Irina , Lindorfer Martina , Siller Carmen 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Pandemie hat im österreichischen Schulsystem wie in anderen Ländern ein umfassendes Realexperiment ausgelöst, bestehende Ungleichheiten vertieft und neue Probleme aufgeworfen. Im Artikel werden, auf Basis einer Schüler_innenbefragung 2020, Vorstellungen und Erfahrungen von Schüler_innen über die Voraussetzungen guter und inklusiver (digitaler) Lernbedingungen thematisiert. Sowohl Herausforderungen des Lernens als auch Bedarfe und Ideen für die Neugestaltung von Schule sind eingebettet in ungleiche soziale Ressourcen und Kapitalien. Es wird gezeigt, wie die Wünsche der Schüler_innen und deren schichtspezifisch geprägte Lernstrategien ineinandergreifen und warum das klassische Digitalisierungsprogramm der Ausstattung mit Hardware und der Schulung digitaler Skills bei der Frage, welche Reformen im Schulsystem zur Überwindung von Ungleichheiten nötig sind, an seine Grenzen stößt.
Eine netzwerkbasierte Analyse der Verteilung von Berufskompetenzen – am Beispiel der Steiermark
Authors: Zilian Laura , Jäger Georg , Füllsack Manfred 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit der Verteilung von (Berufs) Kompetenzen in der Steiermark. Für die Analyse der sozialen Ungleichheit in einer Region bietet dieser Ansatz eine Möglichkeit potenzielle Risiken und Chancen der Region aufzuzeigen, da anhand der Berufskompetenz-Landschaft Rückschlüsse über mögliche Ungleichheiten, Defizite und Entwicklungspotentiale gezogen werden können. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung werden mit netzwerkbasierten Methoden vermehrt nachgefragte Kompetenzen, Kompetenzen, die als Verbindungen zwischen Berufen fungieren, und Kompetenzcluster identifiziert. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine Prädominanz kognitiver Kompetenzen hin. Diese Tendenz könnte einerseits das Entwicklungspotential der Region aufzeigen, andererseits auf mögliche Lohnungleichheiten hinweisen. Der Artikel zeigt einerseits das Potenzial der verwendeten Analysemethoden, andererseits den Bedarf für die Schärfung der Methode und eine bessere Datengrundlage.
An Intensional Formalization of Generic Statements
Authors: Bergier Hugolin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA statement is generic if it expresses a generalization about the members of a kind, as in, ’Pear trees blossom in May,’ or, ’Birds lay egg’. In classical logic, generic statements are formalized as universally quantified conditionals: ‘For all x, if..., then....’ We want to argue that such a logical interpretation fails to capture the intensional character of generic statements because it cannot express the generic statement as a simple proposition in Aristotle’s sense, i.e., a proposition containing only one single predicate. On the contrary, we want to show that typed lambda-abstraction can help us transform the classical, non-simple and extensional expression of generic statements into a new, simple and intensional formalization, through the introduction of an abductively defined operator ALL*. This new operator allows for the possibility of a single predication, e.g. fly(), because it builds, out of a concept like ‘bird’, a concrete universal, e.g. ‘birds’, upon which the single predicate can be applied to authentically formalize a generic statement, e.g. ‘birds fly’.
Seizure Management and Prophylaxis Considerations in Patients with Brain Tumors
Authors: Hauff Nils Stenvågnes , Storstein Anette 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose of Review
The article gives an overview of the current knowledge in the management of tumor related epilepsy, including systematic reviews and consensus statements as well as recent insight into a potentially more individualized treatment approach.

Recent Findings
Tumor molecular markers as IDH1 mutation and MGMT methylation status may provide future treatment targets. Seizure control should be included as a metric in assessing efficacy of tumor treatment.

Summary
Prophylactic treatment is recommended in all brain tumor patients after the first seizure. Epilepsy has a profound effect on the quality of life in this patient group. The clinician should tailor the choice of seizure prophylactic treatment to the individual patient, with the goal of limiting adverse effects, avoiding interactions and obtaining a high degree of seizure freedom. Status epilepticus is associated with inferior survival and must be treated promptly. A multidisciplinary team should treat patients with brain tumors and epilepsy.
Groundwater recharge distribution due to snow cover in shortage conditions (2019–22) on the Gran Sasso carbonate aquifer (Central Italy)
Authors: Lorenzi Valeria , Barberio Marino Domenico , Sbarbati Chiara , Petitta Marco 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAquifer recharge by the snowpack is relevant to be assessed to evaluate groundwater availability in mountainous karst regions. The recharge due to snowpack in the Gran Sasso aquifer has previously been estimated through an empirical approach using elevation gradients. To validate and quantify the coverage and persistence of the snowpack over time through an objective method, satellite images have been analysed. The Campo Imperatore plain, the endorheic basin acting as a preferential recharge area of the aquifer, plays an important role, both for the snow cover and also for the infiltration and recharge of springs. The identification of recharge areas has been validated by the stable isotope approach with the assessment of computed isotope recharge elevation based on the values and oscillations of the δ18O isotope recorded at the springs. The main findings confirm the high infiltration rate of Campo Imperatore plain and its direct influence on snow contribution to aquifer recharge. The extension of snow coverage out of this plain has a minor influence to recharge, highlighting that the main drivers for infiltration rate are fractured networks and karstic forms more than snow coverage on carbonate outcrops.
Fast In-Situ Triaxial Remanent Magnetic Field Measurement for Single-Beam SERF Atomic Magnetometer Based on Trisection Algorithm
Authors: Long Tengyue , Han Bangcheng , Song Xinda , Suo Yuchen , Jia Le 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe demonstrate a method for quickly and automatically detecting all three components of a remanent magnetic field around a shielded spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) atomic magnetometer (AM) using the trisection algorithm (TSA) for zero-field resonance (ZFR). To satisfy the measurement of AMs, a resonance light of the 87Rb D1 line with a spectral width of less than 1MHz is converted to circular polarization by a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate. After the light beam has passed through the alkali metal vapor cell, the residual magnetic field can be measured by searching for triaxial ZFR optical peaks. The TSA stably reduces the measurement time to 2.41 s on average and improves the measurement accuracy, significantly outpacing existing methods. The weighted averages of all measurements with corresponding uncertainties are (−15.437 ± 0.022)nT, (6.062 ± 0.021)nT, and (−14.158 ± 0.052)nT on the x-, y-, and z-axes, respectively. These improvements could facilitate more extremely weak magnetic studies in real time, such as magnetoencephalography (MEG) and magnetocardiography (MCG) measurements.
An inertial viscosity algorithm for solving monotone variational inclusion and common fixed point problems of strict pseudocontractions
Authors: Alakoya T. O. , Ogunsola O. J. , Mewomo O. T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the problem of finding the solution of monotone variational inclusion problem (MVIP) with constraint of common fixed point problem (CFPP) of strict pseudocontractions. We propose a new viscosity method, which combines the inertial technique with self-adaptive step size strategy for approximating the solution of the problem in the framework of Hilbert spaces. Unlike several of the existing results in the literature, our proposed method does not require the co-coerciveness and Lipschitz continuity assumptions of the associated single-valued operator. Also, our method does not involve any linesearch technique which could be time-consuming, rather we employ a self-adaptive step size technique that generates a nonmonotonic sequence of step sizes. Moreover, we prove strong convergence result for our algorithm under some mild conditions and apply our result to study other optimization problems. We present several numerical experiments to demonstrate the computational advantage of our proposed method over the existing methods in the literature. Our result complements several of the existing results in the current literature in this direction.
Design, synthesis and antitumor activity of new naproxen based 1,2,4-triazole-Schiff base derivatives
Authors: Alsenani Nawaf I. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the present work, new Naproxen based 1,2,4-triazole-Schiff base derivatives have been synthesized and screened for in vitro antitumor activity and in silico pharmacokinetic studies. The structure of the newly synthesized compounds (5–12) was elucidated by IR, NMR and mass spectrometry. All the compounds were tested against breast MCF-7, hepatocellular Huh-7 and lung A-549 cancer cell lines using MTT assay. Compound 7 was better in killing A549 cells with IC50 3.71 µM (1.48 fold), compared with Doxorubicin (IC50 5.50 µM). Also, compound 7 was found to be non toxic on MRC-5 normal cells as it depicts IC50 more than 500 μM. Besides, compound 12 also revealed promising activity with IC50 6.94 and 3.33 µM against MCF-7 and Huh-7 respectively. The in silico studies displayed that the synthesized compounds favors the desired pharmacokinetic profile and drug likeness properties. It can be concluded that these new Naproxen based 1,2,4-triazole-Schiff base derivative (7) has the potential to be further investigated as lead molecule in the development of new chemotherapeutic agent.
A Strategic Approach to the Alliance-Formation Process Between Activists and Legislators in Chile
Authors: López Moreno Rodolfo 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTLegislative allies are widely recognized as key to social movement success, but the emergence of their alliance with activists remains understudied. This article proposes a strategic approach to this phenomenon based on the cases of the environmental, labor, and LGBT+ movements in Chile and their allied legislators. According to this approach, an alliance emerges due to two necessary conditions. Movement organizations must display tactical capacity, which signals their adaptability and competence to participate in Congress. And a socially skilled leadership creates the trust required for movement leaders and legislators to cooperate during the lawmaking process. This approach emphasizes that alliances emerge from activists’ strategic efforts to build a social tie, whose effectiveness is mediated by legislators’ expectations and congressional norms. By specifying the strategic dimension of an alliance, this study highlights the capacity of activists to foster cooperative relations with state actors.
Modeling complex interactions in a disrupted environment: Relational events in the WTC response
Authors: Renshaw Scott Leo , Livas Selena M. , Petrescu-Prahova Miruna G. , Butts Carter T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhen subjected to a sudden, unanticipated threat, human groups characteristically self-organize to identify the threat, determine potential responses, and act to reduce its impact. Central to this process is the challenge of coordinating information sharing and response activity within a disrupted environment. In this paper, we consider coordination in the context of responses to the 2001 World Trade Center (WTC) disaster. Using records of communications among 17 organizational units, we examine the mechanisms driving communication dynamics, with an emphasis on the emergence of coordinating roles. We employ relational event models (REMs) to identify the mechanisms shaping communications in each unit, finding a consistent pattern of behavior across units with very different characteristics. Using a simulation-based “knock-out” study, we also probe the importance of different mechanisms for hub formation. Our results suggest that, while preferential attachment and pre-disaster role structure generally contribute to the emergence of hub structure, temporally local conversational norms play a much larger role in the WTC case. We discuss broader implications for the role of microdynamics in driving macroscopic outcomes, and for the emergence of coordination in other settings.
Genetic characterization of the zoonotic parasite Ancylostoma caninum in the central and eastern United States
Authors: Quintana T.A. , Johnson W.L. , Ritchie D. , Smith V. , Martin K.A. , McMahan K. , Brewer M.T. , Jesudoss Chelladurai J.R.J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ancylostoma caninum is the most common nematode parasite of dogs in the United States. The present study aimed to describe the molecular epidemiology of A. caninum isolates from the central and eastern states of the United States using the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (cox1) gene and to compare them with those reported globally. We isolated eggs from faecal samples of dogs and characterized each isolate based on cox1 sequences. A total of 60 samples originating from Kansas, Iowa, New York, Florida and Massachusetts were included. 25 haplotypes were identified in the United States dataset with high haplotype diversity (0.904). Sequence data were compared to sequences from other world regions available in GenBank. Global haplotype analysis demonstrated 35 haplotypes with a haplotype diversity of 0.931. Phylogenetic and network analysis provide evidence for the existence of moderate geographical structuring of A. caninum haplotypes. Our results provide an updated summary of A. caninum haplotypes and data for neutral genetic markers with utility for tracking hookworm populations. Sequences have been deposited in GenBank (ON980650–ON980674). Further studies of isolates from other regions are essential to understand the genetic diversity of this parasite.
Public Support for Professional Legislatures
Authors: Fortunato David , McCrain Joshua , Schiff Kaylyn Jackson 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEvidence suggests that well-funded, professional legislatures more effectively provide constituents with their preferred policies and may improve social welfare. Yet, legislative resources across state legislatures have stagnated or dwindled at least in part due to public antagonism toward increasing representatives’ salaries. We argue that one reason voters oppose legislative resources, like salary and staff, is that they are unaware of the potential benefits. Employing a pre-registered survey experiment with a pre–post design, we find that subjects respond positively to potential social welfare benefits of professionalization, increasing support for greater resources. We also find that individuals identifying with the legislative majority party respond positively to potential responsiveness benefits and that out-partisans do not respond negatively to potential responsiveness costs. In a separate survey of political elites, we find similar patterns. These results suggest that a key barrier to increasing legislative professionalism – anticipated public backlash – may not be insurmountable. The findings also highlight a challenge of institutional choice: beliefs that representatives are unresponsive or ineffective lead to governing institutions that may ensure these outcomes.
Unraveling the Role of IMF Bx in Driving Geomagnetic Activity
Authors: Kubyshkina M. V. , Semenov V. S. , Tsyganenko N. A. , Wang X.‐G. , Kubyshkin I. V. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this work, we question the existing opinion that the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Sun‐Earth (Bx) component is of minor importance for the geomagnetic activity and show that both Bx and By, being two principal components of the Parker's spiral, are equally important factors. We show that the asymmetric behavior of activity indices around solstices can be explained as a combination of symmetric (sign‐independent) effect of IMF By and asymmetric (sign‐dependent) effect of Bx, the latter interpreted as a result of the geodipole tilt influence on the magnetotail stability and nightside reconnection. We also show that, due to the 7.5° inclination of the Earth orbital plane to the solar equatorial plane, the geoeffective IMF Bz component may increase or decrease, depending on the IMF sector polarity and season.
Regional‐Scale Wilting Point Estimation Using Satellite SIF, Radiative‐Transfer Inversion, and Soil‐Vegetation‐Atmosphere Transfer Simulation: A Grassland Study
Authors: Kiyono T. , Noda H. M. , Kumagai T. , Oshio H. , Yoshida Y. , Matsunaga T. , Hikosaka K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough water availability strongly controls gross primary production (GPP), the impact of soil moisture content (SMC) (wilting point) is poorly quantified on regional and global scales. In this study, we used 10 years of observations of solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) from the Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) satellite to estimate the wilting point of a semiarid grassland on the Mongolian Plateau. Radiative‐transfer model inversion and soil‐vegetation‐atmosphere transfer simulation were sequentially conducted to distinguish the drought impacts on plant physiology from the changes in the leaf‐canopy optical properties. We modified an existing inversion algorithm and the widely used Soil‐Canopy Observation of Photosynthesis and Energy fluxes model to adequately evaluate dryland features, for example, sparse canopy and strong convection. The modified model, with retrieved parameters and calibration to GOSAT SIF, predicted realistic GPP values. We found that (a) the SIF yield estimated from GOSAT showed a clear sigmoidal pattern in relation to drought, and the estimated wilting point matched ground‐based observations in the literature within ∼0.01 m3 m−3for the SMC, (b) tuning the maximum carboxylation rate improved the SIF prediction after considering the changes in the leaf‐canopy optical properties, implying that GOSAT detected drought stress in leaf‐level photosynthesis, and (c) the surface energy balance significantly impacted the grassland's SIF; the modified model reproduced observed SIF well (mean bias = 0.004 mW m−2 nm−1 sr−1in summer), whereas the original model predicted substantially low values under weak horizontal wind conditions. Some model‐observation mismatches in the SIF suggest that more research is needed for fluorescence parametrization (e.g., photoinhibition) and for additional observation constraints.
Episodic Long‐Term Exhumation of the Tianshan Orogenic Belt: New Insights From Multiple Low‐Temperature Thermochronometers
Authors: Yin Jiyuan , Wang Yannan , Hodges K. V. , Xiao Wenjiao , Thomson Stuart N. , Chen Wen , Yuan Chao , Sun Min , Cai Keda , Sun Jingbo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Tianshan orogenic belt, part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, offers an opportunity to examine the complexities of an orogenic system that records long‐term intracontinental deformation. The Tianshan have been reactivated multiple times since the Mesozoic, but the mechanisms and driving forces of these various orogenic events are not well constrained. Moreover, the spatial exhumation pattern of the entire Tianshan remains poorly studied. We present new zircon and apatite (U‐Th)/He and apatite fission track thermochronological data for samples from the northwestern part of the Chinese Western Tianshan. They indicate three distinctive phases of rapid cooling in the late Carboniferous‐early Permian, Late Triassic‐Early Jurassic, and Cretaceous. The first phase can be linked to uplift and exhumation related to the subduction/closure of the Paleo‐Asian Ocean, while the episodic cooling during the Late Triassic‐Early Jurassic (250–190 Ma) and Cretaceous (115–80 Ma) are interpreted as related to uplift and exhumation associated with strike‐slip deformation and Mesozoic clockwise or anticlockwise rotation of the Junggar basin. Our new data, in concert with a compilation of previously published data from elsewhere in the region, reveal that the Tianshan underwent a greater amount of exhumation in the southern section, and less exhumation took place to the north. All available data also support the notion that the exhumation process has been essentially the same in tectonic blocks along strike since late Paleozoic. During the Cenozoic, the Tianshan experienced large‐scale, rapid exhumation starting in the late Miocene (12–10 Ma) and not the early Miocene as has been previously proposed.