bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of terpenes, methanethiol, and fermentative esters to sparkling wine aroma in relation to production technology, vintage, and aging: a case study on Durello wines
Authors: Luzzini Giovanni , Slaghenaufi Davide , Facinelli Daniele , Ugliano Maurizio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study aimed to assess the chemical and sensory variability existing across sparkling white wines of a single appellation in relation to production technique and aging, identifying the existence of specific aroma chemical and sensory (odor) signatures. For this purpose, we selected Durello, an emerging sparkling white wine from the Veneto region produced using either Charmat or Classico methods.RESULTSComparison of Durello varietal volatiles profile with other Italian sparkling and still wines highlighted specific features of Durello, such as high content of 1,4‐cineole and non‐megastigmane norisoprenoids. The production technique (Charmat or Champenoise) impacted both the volatile chemical profile, influencing the content of esters, fatty acids, cyclic terpenoids, C6 alcohols, β‐damascenone and methanethiol. With regard to wine age and vintage, an influence on esters, p‐menthane‐1,8‐diol, cineoles and methyl salicylate was observed.CONCLUSIONSensory evaluation by means of a sorting task approach indicated the existence of two main types of odor profile, one clearly associated with Classico method. The main drivers of such aroma diversity were esters, 1,4‐cineole and methanethiol. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
The association of hidradenitis suppurativa with obstructive sleep apnea: A cross‐sectional study using the All of Us database
Authors: Yeroushalmi Samuel , Liu Jared , Chung Mimi , Elhage Kareem G. , Bartholomew Erin , Hakimi Marwa , Kumar Sugandh , Ildardashty Alexander , Naik Haley B. , Bhutani Tina , Liao Wilson 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPreliminary evidence shows a possible association between hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which is associated with various cardiovascular comorbidities.ObjectivesTo determine the odds of OSA among patients with HS compared with patients without HS.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional analysis using the All of Us research program database using electronic health records (EHR) and survey data from individual patient records extracted on 7 May 2022. Adult patients with available EHR records who either had at least one recorded diagnosis of HS determined by SNOMED‐CT code (HS cohort) or did not have a diagnosis (non‐HS cohort). The main outcome was a diagnosis of OSA as determined by SNOMED‐CT code. Demographic features, survey data, and relevant comorbidities were also collected.ResultsA total of 1647 patients with HS and 269,492 patients without HS were included. Of the HS patients, the mean age was 50.2 years, 79.0% were female, 39.8% were African American, 38.4% were White, and 17.4% were Hispanic or Latino. The prevalence of OSA in HS patients was 22.2% compared with 4.8% in non‐HS patients. Univariate and multivariate odds ratios of OSA between HS and non‐HS patients were 3.04 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.70–3.42) and 2.00 (95% CI: 1.72–2.33), respectively. The odds of OSA were highest in HS patients who were male, white, over 65 years of age, obese, and had hypertension, or hypothyroidism.ConclusionsThe odds of being affected by both HS and OSA are augmented by multiple demographic factors, including white race, male gender, obesity, hypertension, hypothyroidism, and age over 65. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Phase‐Engineering Strategy for Multidimensional Light Steering in a Photonic Higher‐Order Topological Insulator
Authors: Jia Shiyin , Huang Renwen , Hu Junzheng , Jiang Yao , Huang Hui , Xie Biye , Lu Minghui , Zhan Peng , Chen Yanfeng , Wang Zhenlin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHigher‐order topological (HOT) insulators have been extensively studied for their unique multidimensional boundary states such as hinge states and corner states. However, most of the recent studies are limited to static excitation of topological boundary states, restricting the development of their practical devices that possess the capability of diverse and programmable dynamic control of states. Here, a facile approach to achieve flexible control of light‐steering based on the symmetrized wave profiles of topological corner states is introduced. Specifically, multiple coherent sources are imported at symmetrical positions in higher‐order topological photonic crystals. By engineering phase differences among the sources, a controllable spatial‐resolved excitation of topological corner states is realized and a coding technique via controllable excitation of topological corner states is raised conceptually. Furthermore, an effective way to achieve direction‐selective excitation of topological edge states without the requirement of circularly polarized sources is proposed. The result provides a reliable active technique to modulate HOT boundary states while keeping the photonic structure invariable, which might be a practical alternative to manipulate light flexibly in integrated topological photonic devices with fixed configuration.
Neurological damages in COVID‐19 patients: Mechanisms and preventive interventions
Authors: Sarkar Sibani , Karmakar Subhajit , Basu Malini , Ghosh Pratyasha , Ghosh Mrinal K 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), a novel coronavirus, causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) which led to neurological damage and increased mortality worldwide in its second and third waves. It is associated with systemic inflammation, myocardial infarction, neurological illness including ischemic strokes (e.g., cardiac and cerebral ischemia), and even death through multi‐organ failure. At the early stage, the virus infects the lung epithelial cells and is slowly transmitted to the other organs including the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, kidneys, heart, and brain. The neurological effect of the virus is mainly due to hypoxia‐driven reactive oxygen species (ROS) and generated cytokine storm. Internalization of SARS‐CoV‐2 triggers ROS production and modulation of the immunological cascade which ultimately initiates the hypercoagulable state and vascular thrombosis. Suppression of immunological machinery and inhibition of ROS play an important role in neurological disturbances. So, COVID‐19 associated damage to the central nervous system, patients need special care to prevent multi‐organ failure at later stages of disease progression. Here in this review, we are selectively discussing these issues and possible antioxidant‐based prevention therapies for COVID‐19‐associated neurological damage that leads to multi‐organ failure.
Excessive α‐β Oscillations Mark Enlarged Motor Sign Severity and Parkinson's Disease Duration
Authors: Belova Elena , Semenova Ulia , Gamaleya Anna , Tomskiy Alexey , Sedov Alexey 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundβ Oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) have been proven to contribute to Parkinson's disease (PD), but the exact borders of β subbands vary substantially across the studies, and information regarding heterogeneity of β rhythmic activity is still limited. Recently, α oscillations in the basal ganglia have also become the focus of PD research.ObjectivesThe aim was to study rhythmic oscillations in the STN in PD patients to identify different subbands with stable oscillatory peaks within a broad α‐β range and to establish their associations with motor symptoms.MethodsLocal field potentials inside the STN were recorded during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgeries. After calculating power spectra and extracting an aperiodic component, oscillatory peaks in the 8‐ to 35‐Hz range with amplitude exceeding 90th percentile were clustered into three bands. Peak parameters were estimated for two lower subbands. Clinical features were compared in patients with and without oscillation peaks in the lowest α‐β subband.ResultsWe isolated α‐β (8–15 Hz), β (15–25 Hz), and β‐γ (25–35 Hz) subbands within the 8‐ to 35‐Hz spectral range using oscillatory parameters and Ward's hierarchical clustering. Additional α‐β oscillatory peaks were found in about half of patients with β peaks; they were located more ventrally compared to β. We have found a significant increase in disease duration, bradykinesia, and rigidity scores in the group with additional α‐β peaks.ConclusionsIncreased α‐β oscillations may emerge as additional phenomena complementing β oscillations; they may mark disease progression in PD and affect DBS stimulation setup. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Opt‐in for secondary findings as part of diagnostic whole‐exome sequencing: Real‐life experience from an international diagnostic laboratory
Authors: Brunfeldt Minna , Kaare Milja , Saarinen Inka , Koskenvuo Juha , Kääriäinen Helena 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiscussion about the risks and benefits of offering secondary findings as part of genome‐wide diagnostics lacks real‐life data. We studied the opt‐in decisions of patients/families referred to whole exome study (WES) in Blueprint Genetics (BpG), a genetic testing company with customers in over 70 countries to receive secondary findings. Based on the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) recommendations for reporting secondary findings, BpG offered testing of specific actionable genes without additional charge for specimens submitted to WES diagnostics.MethodsIndividuals could opt‐in for a secondary findings analysis by using a separate electronic consent form. Data from BpG database of electronic consent forms was used for the analysis.ResultsDuring the selected study period there were 3263 WES referrals, from which 2012 were index patients. About half of the individuals (50.4%) opted in to receiving secondary findings. Of patients who opted in, a secondary finding was detected for 2.7%, similar to other studies. We detected huge differences relating to opt‐in between individuals from different countries; for instance, 90% of the 41 patients and their family members in Romania opted to receive secondary findings, while none of the 98 patients in Luxembourg chose that option.ConclusionDifferences between sexes or between children and adults were small. This data offers one view to the interest of patients and family members to opt in to receiving secondary findings. Research is needed to understand the influence of factors like age, education etc. and possible participation in pre‐test counseling to receiving/not receiving secondary findings.
Neurocognitive and emotional factors predict pain‐related healthcare utilization in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Hardy Steven J. , Williams Zaria , Berger Carly , Griffin Danielle , Weisman Hannah , Liang Hua , Darbari Deepika S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundYouth with sickle cell disease (SCD) experience increased rates of neurocognitive and emotional difficulties. Cross‐sectional studies suggest neurocognitive and emotional functioning are associated with health outcomes in SCD. We investigated whether neurocognitive and emotional factors predicted future pain‐related healthcare utilization in children with SCD.ProcedureTotal 112 youth with SCD between ages 7 and 16 years reported sociodemographics and completed measures of neurocognitive functioning and emotional well‐being. The number of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations for pain 1 and 3 years after enrollment were determined by chart review.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 10.61 years (standard deviation = 2.91), with most being female (n = 65; 58%). Eighty‐three (74%) participants had either HbSS or HbSβ0 thalassemia. Regression analyses showed that attention significantly predicted ED visits and hospitalizations for pain at 1 and 3 years after enrollment (all p‐values ≤ .017), such that poorer attention was associated with higher healthcare utilization. Lower emotional quality of life also predicted more ED visits for pain at 3 years (b = −.009, p = .013) and hospitalizations for pain at 3 years (b = −.008, p = .020).ConclusionsNeurocognitive and emotional factors are associated with subsequent healthcare use in youth with SCD. Poor attentional control might limit implementation of strategies to distract from pain or could make disease self‐management behaviors more challenging. Results also highlight the potential impact of stress on pain onset, perception, and management. Clinicians should consider neurocognitive and emotional factors when developing strategies to optimize pain‐related outcomes in SCD.
Preparation of a 3D BN network structure by a salt‐template‐assisted method filled with epoxy resin to obtain high thermal conductivity nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Zhanyi , Wang Xuan , Zhang Zhonghua , Liang Liang , Zhao Zhihang , Shi Jiahao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is crucial to improve the thermal management capability of polymeric materials while maintaining their electrical insulating properties. Constructing thermally conductive networks with three‐dimensional structures inside polymers is an efficient way to build thermally conductive pathways. A unique three‐dimensional interconnected hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) skeleton was prepared by sacrificing salt templates. The prepared three‐dimensional skeleton exhibited a sponge‐like structure. BN served as the main body of the thermally conductive skeleton, and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) served as the binder between BN. It was subsequently supplemented with vacuum impregnation of epoxy resin to improve the thermal conductivity of the epoxy composites. The composite achieved a thermal conductivity of 1.245 W/(m·K) at a filler loading of 21 wt%, and equivalent to a thermal conductivity enhancement of 611.4% compared to the pure resin matrix. The prepared composites exhibit good thermal management capabilities and excellent insulation properties, showing great potential for electrical and electronic device applications. This work provides a new direction for the preparation of thermal management materials.
Development of propylene butene copolymer/ethylene propylene diene monomer blend foam and the effect of network structure on its reprocessing properties
Authors: Zhou Wenyan , Yu Zhen , Yang Lijuan , Shan Tikun , Zhang Zhenxiu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThermoplastic materials have received extensive attention for their excellent mechanical properties and reproducibility, and have been emerging in lightweight accessories. However, for the traditional thermoplastic vulcanized (TPV) rubber, the dynamic vulcanization process makes it difficult to achieve low density and good compression performance. Herein, lightweight propylene butene copolymer/ethylene propylene diene monomer (PPB/EPDM) blend foam was prepared by static vulcanization of PPB and EPDM blend and supercritical nitrogen (sc‐N2) foaming technology. The minimum density and compression set of the PPB/EPDM blend foam were 0.065 g/cm3 and 13.6% respectively, a significant improvement was obtained compared with TPV. In addition, the PPB/EPDM blends retained the mechanical properties after seven times reprocessing, and the blend foam had similar cell structures to that of dynamic vulcanized TPV foam because of the phase transition of PPB/EPDM blend during reprocessing. This work provided an idea for the preparation of high‐performance, lightweight, and recyclable thermoplastic materials.
A greenhouse‐based high‐throughput phenotyping platform for identification and genetic dissection of resistance to Aphanomyces root rot in field pea
Authors: Bari Md. Abdullah Al , Fonseka Dimitri , Stenger John , Zitnick‐Anderson Kimberly , Atanda Sikiru Adeniyi , Morales Mario , Worral Hannah , Piche Lisa , Kim Jeonghwa , Johnson Josephine , Saludares Rica Amor , Flores Paulo , Pasche Julie , Bandillo Nonoy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAphanomyces root rot (ARR) is a devastating disease in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) that can cause up to 100% crop failure. Assessment of ARR resistance can be a rigorous, costly, time‐demanding activity that is relatively low‐throughput and prone to human errors. These limits the ability to effectively and efficiently phenotype the disease symptoms arising from ARR infection which remains a perennial bottleneck to the successful evaluation and incorporation of disease resistance into new cultivars. In this study, we developed a greenhouse‐based high‐throughput phenotyping (HTP) platform that moves along the rails above the greenhouse benches and captures the visual symptoms caused by Aphanomyces euteiches in field pea. We pilot tested this platform alongside with conventional visual scoring in five experimental trials under greenhouse conditions, assaying over 12,600 single plants of advanced breeding lines developed by the North Dakota State University Pulse Breeding Program. Precision estimated through broad‐sense heritability (H2) was consistently higher for RGB‐derived indices (H2, Exg = 0.86) than the conventional visual scores (H2, disease severity index = 0.59). Prediction of disease severity using a random forest modeling of RGB‐derived indices achieved 0.69 accuracy on the test sets, with inaccurate classification partly attributed to the presence of tolerant lines (displaying root rot but no foliar symptoms) and within‐line genetic heterogeneity. We genetically dissected variation for ARR resistance from the population using RGB‐derived indices and visual scores through genome‐wide association mapping and identified a total of 260 associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The number of associated SNP for RGB‐derived indices was consistently higher than the number of associated SNP identified using visual scores, with the most significant SNP explaining about 5%–9% of variance per index. We identified previously mapped genes known to be involved in the biological pathways that trigger immunity against ARR and a few novel QTLs with small‐effect sizes that may be worthy of validation in the future. The newly identified QTLs and underlying genes, along with genotypes with promising resistance identified in this study, can be useful for improving a long‐term and durable resistance to ARR.
Dipicolinic acid enhances kiwifruit resistance to Botrytis cinerea by promoting phenolics accumulation
Authors: Wang Su‐Yan , Pang Yi‐Bo , Tao Yuan , Shi Xin‐Chi , Zhang Yun‐Jiao , Wang Yan‐Xia , Jiang Yong‐Hui , Ji Xin‐Yu , Wang Bing‐Lin , Herrera‐Balandrano Daniela D. , Laborda Pedro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDKiwifruit is highly susceptible to fungal pathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea, which reduce crop production and quality. In this study, dipicolinic acid (DPA), which is one of the main components of Bacillus spores, was evaluated as a new elicitor to enhance kiwifruit resistance to B. cinerea.RESULTSDPA enhances antioxidant capacity and induces the accumulation of phenolics in B. cinerea‐infected ‘Xuxiang’ kiwifruit. The contents of the main antifungal phenolics in kiwifruit, including caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and isoferulic acid, increased after DPA treatment. DPA enhanced H2O2 levels after 0 and 1 days, which promoted catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, reducing long‐term H2O2 levels. DPA promoted the up‐regulation of several kiwifruit defense genes, including CERK1, MPK3, PR1‐1, PR1‐2, PR5‐1 and PR5‐2. Furthermore, DPA at 5 mM inhibited B. cinerea symptoms in kiwifruit (95.1% lesion length inhibition) more effectively than the commercial fungicides carbendazim, difenoconazole, prochloraz and thiram.CONCLUSIONSThe antioxidant properties of DPA and the main antifungal phenolics of kiwifruit were examined for the first time. This study uncovers new insights regarding the potential mechanisms used by Bacillus species to induce disease resistance. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
A Gradient‐Cost Multiobjective Alternate Framework for Variational Quantum Eigensolver with Variable Ansatz
Authors: Li Ze‐Tong , Meng Fan‐Xu , Zeng Han , Gong Zhai‐Rui , Zhang Zai‐Chen , Yu Xu‐Tao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVariational quantum eigensolver (VQE), aiming at determining the ground state energy of a quantum system described by a Hamiltonian on noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices. However, the accuracy and trainability of the current VQE algorithm are significantly influenced due to the barren plateau (BP), the non‐negligible gate error and limited coherence time in NISQ devices. To tackle these issues, a gradient‐cost multiobjective alternate framework with variable ansatz is proposed. A theoretical framework is first proposed for VQE with variable ansatz (VA‐VQE) via alternately solving a multiobjective optimization problem defined by cost function values and gradient magnitudes and the original VQE problem. Then, a novel implementation method based on the double ε‐greedy strategy with the candidate tree and modified multiobjective genetic algorithm is proposed. As a result, the local optima are avoided both in ansatz and parameter perspectives, the BP phenomenon is alleviated, and the stability of output ansatz is enhanced. The experimental results indicate that this framework shows considerably average improvement of the error and stability by 59.6% and 78.8% compared with the state‐of‐the‐art cost‐criterion‐based VA‐VQE implementation, and 54.1% and 73.5% compared with the gradient‐criterion‐based counterpart, respectively, with lower quantum costs.
Study on climbing strategy and analysis of Mars rover
Authors: Chen Zhen , Zou Meng , Pan Dong , Chen Lining , Liu Yansong , Yuan Baofeng , Zhang Qiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo ensure the safety and efficiency of Zhurong Mars rover when climbing a slope on Mars, the forces of the rover under four climbing methods, which are normal climbing, Z‐type climbing, diagonal climbing, and bionic wriggle climbing, are analyzed. Each method corresponds to different maximum climbing slopes. The experiments are carried out with a backup rover on dense and soft terrains to determine the range of climbing slope for different climbing methods. According to the slope, peak current, cost of transport, and state of terrain, the climbing strategy is given. For dense and soft terrains, the soil cohesive is 0.99 and 1.4 kN/mn+1 and soil friction modules are 1528 and 700 kN/mn+2, respectively. Specifically, normal climbing is recommended for low‐range slopes, while Z‐type or diagonal climbing are suggested for medium‐range slopes, and bionic wriggle climbing is found to be optimal for high‐range slopes. To ensure the safety of the Zhurong Mars rover, it fails climbing if the critical values are exceeded. These results provide valuable insights for human operators when planning the rover's slope‐climbing actions on Mars.