bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soypeptide supplementation attenuates weight loss and improves quality of life among brain cancer patients in a pilot study
Authors: Amakye William Kwame , Huang Chujun , Xu Zhenzhen , Wang Min , Guo Ji , Mou Yonggao , Guo Chengcheng , Yang Qunying , Ma Fang , Li Suyun , Acheampong Desmond Omane , Nsiah‐Asamoah Christiana , Ayensu Jessica , Agyapong Nana Ama Frimpomaa , Yuan Erdong , Yao Maojin , Ren Jiaoyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInability to meet nutrition needs resulting from multiple diseases‐related, and individual factors contribute significantly to malnutrition and poor disease outcome among cancer patients. Strategies capable of delivering metabolically efficient nutrients with less digestive and metabolic stress without adding bulk to the diet of patients may be suitable for dealing with cancer‐related malnutrition and quality of life (QoL). We sought to test the hypothesis that peptide supplementation could attenuate weight loss and improve QoL among brain cancer patients compared to conventionally treated controls. In a non‐blind pilot study, brain cancer patients received 9 g soybean peptide supplementation twice per day (peptide group, n = 9) and compared with conventional treatment (control group, n = 10) over two chemotherapy cycles of 42 days. Compared to the controls, soypeptide supplementation attenuated weight loss with 5.4% increase in weight. Moreover, QoL, assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ‐C30, revealed that physical (8.1 ± 15.6, p < .047) and emotional (7.5 ± 3.5, p < .033) functioning as well as summary scores (7.1 ± 2.4, p < .048) improved, whereas others remain stable. Molecular docking simulation suggested that the peptides could induce body weight through the inhibition of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) upon digestion. Daily soypeptide supplementation could enhance weight gain and improve QoL among brain cancer patients possibly by inhibiting ACE activity. However, a follow‐up study with a larger sample size in a double‐blind randomized trial is required to validate these preliminary findings.
Provider confidence in counseling preconception, pregnant, and postpartum patients regarding COVID‐19 vaccination: A cross‐sectional survey study
Authors: Siegel Molly R. , James Kaitlyn E. , Jaffe Elana , L'Heureux Michelle M. , Kaimal Anjali J. , Goldfarb Ilona T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsHealthcare provider counseling surrounding COVID‐19 vaccine in pregnancy and lactation is essential to vaccination uptake in this population; however, provider knowledge and confidence are not well characterized. We aimed to assess knowledge and confidence in COVID‐19 vaccine counseling among practitioners who provide care to pregnant persons and to describe factors associated with confidence in counseling.MethodsA web‐based anonymous survey was distributed via email to a cross‐sectional convenience sample of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Primary Care, and Internal Medicine faculty at three hospitals in a single healthcare network in Massachusetts, United States. Individual demographics and institution‐specific variables were included in the survey along with questions assessing both attitudes toward COVID‐19 illness and confidence in counseling regarding the use of the vaccine in pregnancy.ResultsAlmost all providers (151, 98.1%) reported that they received a COVID‐19 vaccine, and most (111, 72.1%) reported that they believe the benefits of the vaccine in pregnancy outweigh the risks. Forty‐one (26.6%) reported feeling very confident in counseling patients who primarily speak English about the evidence for messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination in pregnancy, and 36 (23%) reported feeling very confident in counseling patients who are not primarily English‐speaking. Forty‐three providers (28.1%) expressed strong confidence in their comfort talking to individuals with vaccine hesitancy based on historic and continued racism and systemic injustices. The sources that survey respondents most used to find information regarding COVID‐19 vaccination in pregnancy were the Centers for Disease Control (112, 74.2%), hospital‐specific resources (94, 62.3%), and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (82, 54.3%).ConclusionEnsuring that providers feel comfortable bridging the gap between their belief that the vaccine is beneficial for pregnant patients and their comfort with holding conversations with patients regarding vaccination is paramount to ensure equitable access to vaccines for pregnant patients.
Long‐term prognostic impact of cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy: A population‐based competing risk analysis
Authors: Chan Jeffrey Shi Kai , Lee Yan Hiu Athena , Hui Jeremy Man Ho , Liu Kang , Dee Edward Christopher , Ng Kenrick , Liu Tong , Tse Gary , Ng Chi Fai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOur study investigated how adverse cardiovascular outcomes are impacted by cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with prostate cancer treated by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Using prospective, population‐based data, all Hong Kong patients with prostate cancer who received ADT during 1 January 1993 to 3 March 2021 were identified and followed up for the endpoint of cardiovascular hospitalization/mortality until 31 September 2021, whichever earlier. Multivariable competing risk regression was used to compare the endpoint's cumulative incidence between different combinations of major cardiovascular comorbidities (heart failure [HF], myocardial infarction [MI], stroke and/or arrhythmia), with noncardiovascular death as competing event. Altogether, 13 537 patients were included (median age 75.9 [interquartile range 70.0‐81.5] years old; median follow‐up 3.3 [1.5‐6.7] years). Compared to those with none of prior HF/MI/stroke/arrhythmia, the incidence of the endpoint was not different in those with only stroke (subhazard ratio [SHR] 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.92‐1.23], P = .391), but was higher in those with only HF (SHR 1.67 [1.37‐2.02], P < .001), arrhythmia (SHR 1.63 [1.35‐1.98], P < .001) or MI (SHR 1.43 [1.14‐1.79], P = .002). Those with ≥2 of HF/MI/stroke/arrhythmia had the highest incidence of the endpoint (SHR 1.94 [1.62‐2.33], P < .001), among whom different major cardiovascular comorbidities had similar prognostic impacts, with the number of comorbidities present being significantly prognostic instead. In conclusion, in patients with prostate cancer receiving ADT, the sole presence of HF, MI or arrhythmia, but not stroke, may be associated with elevated cardiovascular risks. In those with ≥2 of HF/MI/stroke/arrhythmia, the number of major cardiovascular comorbidities may be prognostically more important than the type of comorbidities.
Sarcopenia and noncoding RNAs: A comprehensive review
Authors: Ghafouri‐Fard Soudeh , Askari Arian , Mahmud Hussen Bashdar , Taheri Mohammad , Kiani Arda 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSarcopenia is an elderly disease and is related to frailty and loss of muscle mass (atrophy) of older adults. The exact molecular mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of disease are yet to be discovered. In recent years, the role of noncoding RNAs in the pathogenesis of almost every kind of malignant and nonmalignant conditions is pinpointed. Regarding their regulatory function, there have been an increased number of studies on the role of noncoding RNAs in the progress of sarcopenia. In this manuscript, we review the role of microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in development and progression of disease. We also discuss their potential as therapeutic targets in this condition.
POT1 mutations cause differential effects on telomere length leading to opposing disease phenotypes
Authors: Zade Nikita Harish , Khattar Ekta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe protection of telomere protein (POT1) is a telomere‐binding protein and is an essential component of the six‐membered shelterin complex, which is associated with the telomeres. POT1 directly binds to the 3′ single‐stranded telomeric overhang and prevents the activation of DNA damage response at telomeres thus preventing the telomere–telomere fusions and genomic instability. POT1 also plays a pivotal role in maintaining telomere length by regulating telomerase‐mediated telomere elongation. Mutations in POT1 proteins result in three different telomere phenotypes, which include long, short, or aberrant telomere length. Long telomeres predispose individuals to cancer, while short or aberrant telomere phenotypes result in pro‐aging diseases referred to as telomeropathies. Here, we review the function of POT1 proteins in telomere length hemostasis and how the spectrum of mutations reported in POT1 can be segregated toward developing very distinct disease phenotypes of cancer and telomeropathies.
Fine‐tuning osteoclastogenesis: An insight into the cellular and molecular regulation of osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Anwar Aleena , Sapra Leena , Gupta Navita , Ojha Rudra P. , Verma Bhupendra , Srivastava Rupesh K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOsteoclasts, the bone‐resorbing cells, are essential for the bone remodeling process and are involved in the pathophysiology of several bone‐related diseases. The extensive corpus of in vitro research and crucial mouse model studies in the 1990s demonstrated the key roles of monocyte/macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and integrin αvβ3 in osteoclast biology. Our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which these variables control osteoclast differentiation and function has significantly advanced in the first decade of this century. Recent developments have revealed a number of novel insights into the fundamental mechanisms governing the differentiation and functional activity of osteoclasts; however, these mechanisms have not yet been adequately documented. Thus, in the present review, we discuss various regulatory factors including local and hormonal factors, innate as well as adaptive immune cells, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), etc., in the molecular regulation of the intricate and tightly regulated process of osteoclastogenesis. ncRNAs have a critical role as epigenetic controllers of osteoclast physiologic activities, including differentiation and bone resorption. The primary ncRNAs, which include micro‐RNAs, circular RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs, form a complex network that affects gene transcription activities associated with osteoclast biological activity. Greater knowledge of the involvement of ncRNAs in osteoclast biological activities will contribute to the treatment and management of several skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Moreover, we further outline potential therapies targeting these regulatory pathways of osteoclastogenesis in distinct bone pathologies.
Polynomial bounds for chromatic number VII. Disjoint holes
Authors: Chudnovsky Maria , Scott Alex , Seymour Paul , Spirkl Sophie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA hole in a graph is an induced cycle of length at least four, and a ‐multihole in is the union of pairwise disjoint and nonneighbouring holes. It is well known that if does not contain any holes then its chromatic number is equal to its clique number. In this paper we show that, for any integer , if does not contain a ‐multihole, then its chromatic number is at most a polynomial function of its clique number. We show that the same result holds if we ask for all the holes to be odd or of length four; and if we ask for the holes to be longer than any fixed constant or of length four. This is part of a broader study of graph classes that are polynomially ‐bounded.
The impact of changes in steering patterns on the probability of hurricanes making landfall in the New York City area
Authors: Becker Stefan , Becker Tyler 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe investigated the variability of annual frequencies of upper air steering patterns that were similar to the one that resulted in the recurvature of Hurricane Sandy's track towards the US east coast in 2012. The analyses showed that such steering patterns could occur over 50 times yearly, with higher probabilities in the colder season. The frequencies of these events have decreased since the beginning of the observations in 1979; however, this trend has reversed in the past 10–15 years. These trends are aligned with trends in the intensity of the negative phase North Atlantic Oscillation and the positive phase of the Southern Oscillation Index. In addition to the long‐term trends, we observed a significant periodicity in the annual frequencies of the steering pattern around 6–8 years. Combining the probabilities of relevant steering patterns with the probabilities of hurricanes per season in the relevant domain led to the conclusion that the overall probability of events like Sandy increased from approximately 0.26% in 1979 (0.48 days) to 0.45% (0.81 days) per season since 1979.
How does human relations climate and organizational support affect readiness to change? The mediating role of employee participation and leadership excellence
Authors: Mumtaz Sana , Selvarajah Christopher , Meyer Denny 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe emerging competitiveness in the external environment and persistent need for adaptation have led organizations to recognize the essence of successful readiness to change. While individual and organizational outcomes of readiness to change have been discussed in the existing literature, a lack of clarity exists regarding how individuals embrace readiness for change. Using the social exchange theory, this empirical research examines the impact of perceived organizational support and human relations climate on individual readiness for change. The research also incorporates the intervening role of employee participation and leadership excellence for understanding the indirect effects. Hypotheses regarding the relationship between the key variables were tested through a structural equation model on a sample consisting of 284 respondents from managerial‐level employees in organizations from Pakistan. The findings suggested a positive impact of human relations climate on readiness to change. In addition to the direct effects, indirect effects via employee participation and leadership excellence were found to be significant on readiness to change. Based on the findings, theoretical and practical implications of the study along with suggestions for improvement are also elaborated.
Preparation and adsorption behavior of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide modified carrageenan hydrogel beads with remarkable removal efficiency and thermostability in water
Authors: Sun Aijing , Yang Duoping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, water‐soluble polymer carrageenan (CAR) was cross‐linked by dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) in an aqueous solution for the preparation of gel beads, which can be used for removal of methylene blue (MB). The combination of DTAB and CAR was validated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, while the folded surface was characterized by scanning electron microscope. DTAB can be used as a modifier of CAR for promoting the hydrophobicity and stability of hydrogel beads, which even withstood 70°C in water for 24 h without dissociation. The best removal efficiency was achieved 99.6% in 100 mg L−1 MB aqueous solution by CAR‐0.5DTAB, and the maximum adsorption capacity of CAR‐1.5DTAB at 30°C reached 38.6 mg g−1 by wet weight (weight of gel beads in wet condition) in 2000 mg L−1 MB aqueous solution. The CAR‐DTAB adsorption behavior was best fitted with pseudo‐first‐order and Langmuir equations, respectively. The exothermic nature and spontaneity of adsorption process were proved by thermodynamic experiment. Reusability studies revealed that the adsorption performance displayed almost no change after 10 cycles of adsorption/desorption process. The properties of CAR‐DTAB in this research proposed a facile way to prepare stable CAR composite by cross‐linking with quaternary ammonium surfactant.
Propensity‐score matched analysis of the pathologic outcomes and survival benefits of neoadjuvant therapy in stage II–III anal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Emile Sameh Hany , Horesh Nir , Garoufalia Zoe , Gefen Rachel , Zhou Peige , Wexner Steven D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnal adenocarcinomas are a rare condition which account for less than 10% of anal cancers. The present study aimed to assess the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on the clinical and pathologic outcomes and overall survival (OS) of patients with stage II–III anal adenocarcinomas after abdominoperineal resection (APR).MethodsA retrospective cohort study of patients with anal adenocarcinoma in the US National Cancer Database (NCDB) (2010–2020) was conducted. Propensity‐score matching was used to compare patients who received neoadjuvant therapy (neoadjuvant therapy group) to the no‐neoadjuvant group. The primary outcome was 5‐year OS whereas secondary outcomes included conversion to open surgery, hospital stay, surgical margins, 30‐day mortality, 90‐day mortality, and 30‐day readmission.ResultsA total of 742 patients (56% male) with a mean age of 63.6 ± 12.4 years were included. A total of 214 patients in the neoadjuvant group were matched with 107 in the no‐neoadjuvant group. The mean OS was similar between the two groups (47.5 vs. 44.8 months, p = 0.253). Patients who received neoadjuvant therapy had a longer median time between diagnosis and surgery (151 vs. 54 days, p < 0.001), lower 90‐day mortality (1.9% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.046), more pT0 tumors (15.7% vs. 0%), less pT3‐4 tumors (28.4% vs. 36.4%, p = 0.001), less pN1‐2 tumors (22.9% vs. 34.7%, p < 0.001), and less lymphovascular invasion (16.2% vs. 40%, p < 0.001) than the no‐neoadjuvant group. Both groups had similar conversion rates, hospital stay, 30‐day mortality, 30‐day readmission, and positive surgical margins.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant therapy before APR was associated with significant downstaging of anal adenocarcinomas and lower 90‐day mortality, yet similar OS to patients who were surgically treated without neoadjuvant treatment.
Reduction in hospitalisations with dupilumab in Japanese adults with atopic dermatitis in a real‐world setting
Authors: Igawa Ken , Fujita Hiroyuki , Tajima Yuki , Lubwama Robert , Daoud Moataz , Wang Zhixiao , Arima Kazuhiko 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn a recent post hoc analysis of multinational clinical trial data, dupilumab treatment for patients with moderate or severe atopic dermatitis (AD) reduced all‐cause and AD‐related hospitalisations.ObjectivesWe studied the impact of dupilumab on health care resource utilisation (HCRU) and AD medication by comparing use during the 6 months either side of starting dupilumab (index) in a real‐world setting.MethodsThis observational, retrospective, cohort study used Japanese hospital claims data (1 April 2018 to 28 February 2019). A total of 357 patients (mean [range] age 45 [15–92] years; 65.5% male) with ≥1 AD diagnosis and ≥1 dupilumab prescription were included. Outcome variables included AD treatments and HCRU during the 6 months pre‐ and post‐index.ResultsThe number of all‐cause hospitalisations decreased by 43.1% (from 51 in the 6 months before to 29 in the 6 months after dupilumab initiation), with a 96.0% reduction in skin/subcutaneous tissue disease‐related hospitalisations (25 to 1). Use of nonsteroidal systemic immunosuppressants, phototherapy and systemic corticosteroids decreased (by 59.8%, 59.5% and 30.6%, respectively) after dupilumab initiation. At 180 days after dupilumab initiation, 86.8% of patients were still taking dupilumab.ConclusionsOverall, these results suggest that dupilumab can reduce skin/soft tissue‐related hospitalisations and use of various other AD medications in a real‐world setting.
Optimization models for member firms selection to build an embedded innovation ecosystem
Authors: Zhang Kuncan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInnovation is important for large enterprises to maintain and enhance their competitive advantages. Large enterprises can build strategic embedded relationships with a plenty of innovation technology enterprises via resources empowering and foster a new type of innovation ecosystem, namely, embedded innovation ecosystem. We decompose this decision‐making into two stages and first establish an optimization model to describe how focal firms select the innovation directions, that is, which market segment to invest in. We then construct a two‐layer planning model to describe how focal firms select member firms with an appropriate innovation level in a given innovation direction.
HCEs‐Net: Hepatic cystic echinococcosis classification ensemble model based on tree‐structured Parzen estimator and snap‐shot approach
Authors: Wang Zhengye , Kuerban Kadiliya , Zhou Zihang , Hailati Miwueryiti , Aihematiniyazi Renaguli , Wang Xiaorong , Yan Chuanbo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundHepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE) still has a high misdiagnosis rate, and misdiagnosis may lead to wrong treatments seriously harmful for the patients. Precise diagnosis of HCE relies heavily on the experience of clinical experts with auxiliary diagnostic tools using medical images.PurposeThis paper intends to improve the diagnostic accuracy for HCE by employing a method which combines deep learning with ensemble method.MethodsWe proposed a method, namely HCEs‐Net, for classification of five HCE subtypes using ultrasound images. It takes first the snap‐shot strategy to obtain sub‐models from the pre‐trained VGG19, ResNet18, ViT‐Base, and ConvNeXt‐T models, then a stacking process to ensemble those sub‐models. Afterwards, it uses the tree‐structured Pazren estimator (TPE) to optimize the hyperparameters. The experiments were evaluated by the five‐fold cross‐validation process.ResultsA total of 3083 abdominal ultrasound images from 972 patients covering five subtypes of HCE were utilized in this study. The experiments were conducted to predict the HCE subtype, and results of modeling performance evaluation were reported in terms of precision, recall, F1‐score, and AUC. The stacking model based on three ConvNeXt‐T sub‐models showed the best performance, with precision 85.9%, recall 85.5%, F1‐score 85.7%, and AUC 0.971 which are higher than the compared state‐of‐the‐art models.ConclusionThe stacking model of three ConvNeXt‐T sub‐models shows comparable or superior performance to the other methods, including VGG19, ResNet18 and ViT‐Base. It has the potential to enhance clinical diagnosis for HCE.