bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brucellosis: A Neglected Endemic Zoonosis
Authors: Kamath Vasantha , Sheeba R , Markanday Kushal 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Brucellosis is a major public health concern worldwide with a prevalence of 10/1 lakh population. Although brucellosis is endemic in several countries it goes under-diagnosed and under-reported. The diverse presentations of brucellosis have led clinicians a challenge in its diagnosis and management. Musculoskeletal manifestation and lesions of spine are the common focal manifestation of brucellosis. Differentiating Brucella spondylitis from tubercular spondylitis is a clinical challenge. We herewith highlight the prevalence of brucellosis, the need, and method for early diagnosis and management to prevent disability and mortality.
A Study of Prognosis and Outcome of COVID-19-Infected Hypertensive Patients on Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
Authors: Bharath M. S. , Ravitej S. , Balgi Vandana , Urs M. C. Rakesh Raje , Apoorva C. S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background and Objective:
COVID-19 is a pandemic caused by the virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. The mortality in susceptible populations with chronic pulmonary disease, cardiac ailments, kidney disease, diabetes, and hypertension is high. While the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in contracting novel coronavirus has clearly been elucidated, there remains uncertainty in the prognosis and outcome of COVID-19-infected patients on ACE inhibitors and ARBs. The current study was conducted to find whether these medications bore any significance in the prognosis and outcome of hypertensive patients with COVID-19 infection.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective cohort study. We studied 96-admitted hypertensive patients with pneumonia due to COVID-19 in Krishna Rajendra Hospital at Mysore during April 2021. Patients were categorized into two groups based on antihypertensive treatment: (1) Those on ACEi/ARBs (n = 33) and (2) Those on non-ACEi/ARBs (n = 66). We analyzed the parameters such as duration of hypertension, comorbidities, mode of oxygen/pressure support delivery, duration of hospital stay, and mortality among the two groups.

Results:
65.6% of patients were on non-ACEi/ARBs, 10.4% on ACE inhibitors, and 24% on ARBs. Of the patients on non-ACEi/non-ARBs, 51% were on supplemental oxygen, 20.8% were on NIV, 6.3% were intubated, and 21.9% did not require oxygen. Of those on ACEi, 63.6% were on supplemental oxygen, 15.2% were on NIV, none were intubated, and 21.2% did not require oxygen. Of those on ARBs, 53.3% were on supplemental oxygen, 18.5% were on NIV, 5.4% were intubated, and 22.8% did not require oxygen. 62.5% of patients on non-ACEi/ARBs recovered, whereas 37.5% succumbed. 83.3% of patients on ACEi recovered, whereas 16.7% succumbed. 65.2% of patients on ARBs recovered, whereas 34.8% succumbed. There was no significant correlation between non-ACEi/ARBs, ACEi, and ARBs with duration of hypertension (P = 0.092), sex (P = 0.189), mode of oxygen/pressure support delivery (P = 0.313), ward/intensive care unit stay (P = 0.624), and the final outcome of the patient (P = 0.734).

Conclusion:
In the population studied, the use of ACEi/ARBs in COVID-positive hypertensives was not associated with adverse outcomes as compared to those on non-ACEi/non-ARBs.
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) manifestations in the head-and-neck: A narrative review with a focus on imaging
Authors: Shukla Shreya , Mahajan Abhishek , Padashetty Shubham , Agarwal Ujjwal , Vaish Richa , Patil Vijay M. , Noronha Vanita , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Patil Asawari , Menon Nandini , Prabhash Kumar 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an autoimmune fibrosclerotic inflammatory condition with distinctive histopathological findings affecting various organ systems. The disease can be tumefactive or “mass-like” in morphology, or less commonly, infiltrative. Many historic and well-known disease entities are manifestations of IgG4-RD in different organs. Radiologists need to be aware of this multifaceted disorder and its systemic nature. We searched Pubmed and Embase using the keywords “head and neck,” “IgG4-related disease,” and “imaging.” We included the relevant review articles published in the English language from 1997 to 2021, whose major area of discussion was IgG4-RD manifestations in the head-and-neck. Filters applied for inclusion were: “full text,” “humans,” “English,” “cancer,” article type: “review,” “meta-analysis,” “systematic review,” and “guideline.” In this review article, we have discussed the wide spectrum of manifestations of this disease at different head-and-neck subsites to familiarize radiologists with this interesting disease entity.
Integrated Care for Type 1 Diabetes: The West Bengal Model
Authors: Ghosh Sujoy , Yasmin Masuma , Sen Kaushik , Goswami Soumik , Das Tapas C. , Swar Subir C. , Maisnam Indira , Chakraborty Partha P. , Paul Bobby , Mukhopadhyay Dipta K. , Mukhopadhyay Pradip 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
A structured dedicated health programme for Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been initiated in the state of West Bengal, India.

Aim:
The aim is to provide comprehensive healthcare to all children, adolescents and young adults living with T1DM, along with the provision of free supply of insulin, glucose measuring devices, blood glucose test strips, and other logistics. The strategic framework for programme implementation is to utilise the infrastructure and manpower of the already existing non-communicable disease (NCD) clinic under National Health Mission.

Methodology:
Establishing dedicated T1DM clinics in each district hospital by utilising existing healthcare delivery systems, intensive training and hand-holding of named human resources; providing comprehensive healthcare service and structured diabetes education to all T1DM patients; and building an electronic registry of patients are important components of the programme. T1DM clinics run once a week on the same day throughout the state. All T1DM patients are treated with the correct dose of insulin, both human regular insulin and glargine insulin. Patients are routinely monitored monthly to ensure good glycaemic control and prevent complications of the disease. Routine anthropometric examination and required laboratory investigations are conducted in the set-up of the already existing NCD clinic. Ongoing monitoring and evaluation of the T1DM programme are being conducted in terms of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) values, growth and development, complication rates, psychological well-being, quality of life, and direct and indirect expenditure incurred by families. Through this programme, any bottlenecks or gaps in service delivery will be identified and corrective measures will be adopted to ensure better health outcomes for those living with T1DM.
A case of thymoma presenting as pyrexia of unknown origin
Authors: Marwah Vikas , Choudhary Robin , Shrinath V , Paliwal Gourang 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Pyrexia of unknown origin can be caused due to numerous infective and noninfective causes. It poses a diagnostic dilemma to the clinicians and requires a myriad of investigations for the confirmation of diagnosis. Thymomas are rare mediastinal tumors that present as anterior mediastinal mass; however, thymomas presenting as pyrexia of unknown origin has rarely been reported in the literature. We report an interesting case of a middle-aged male who presented as pyrexia of unknown origin due to thymoma.
Malignant recurrent orbital solitary fibrous tumor
Authors: Pol Jaydeep N. , Patil Dipti B. , Desai Sharad S. , Calcuttawala Adnan B. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor of fibroblastic origin commonly occurring in pleura. It can occur at many extrapleural sites but is rare in orbit. Most cases are benign and recurrence is not unusual in the head and neck and orbit and is usually due to incomplete surgical excision. However, malignant transformation (MT) in orbital SFT is extremely unusual. We present a case of orbital SFT in adult male who developed recurrence with MT eight years after initial surgical excision. He underwent left orbital exenteration. The recurrent tumor revealed features of malignancy with areas exhibiting morphology typical of SFT. The immunochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of SFT with MT. The patient was given adjuvant radiation and was disease free for the last 18 months. Identification of malignancy in orbital SFT is important for the patient to receive appropriate postoperative treatment, as seen in the present case.
Simultaneous detection and evaluation of Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Prevotella loescheii, and Prevotella melaninogenica in subgingival plaque samples of chronic periodontitis and healthy individuals through multiplex polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Kottrashetti Vijaylakshmi S , Bhat Kishore G , Kugaji Manohar S , Naik Sachita Shrikant , Tanakanti Praveen 
Published: May 2023

Background:

Prevotella is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli. The phenotypic characteristics of the various species of Prevotella are similar, which often makes it difficult in routine differentiation and identification of all the species.

Aim:
The purpose of the study was to detect and compare presence of Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Prevotella melaninogenica, and Prevotella
loescheii in subgingival plaque samples of chronic periodontitis and healthy individuals.

Materials and Methods:
Two hundred and thirty-six subjects were considered consisting of chronic periodontitis (128) and healthy (108) individuals. Subgingival plaque sample was collected in reduced transport fluid and analyzed. DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed for genus Prevotella followed by positive samples were considered for the detection of selected species through multiplex PCR using specific primers.

Results:
Out of 236 samples, 94.1% were positive for genus Prevotella. Out of 222 cases P. nigrescens showed the highest number of cases positive (59.5%) followed by P. melaninogenica (57.2%), P. intermedia (55.4%), and P. loescheii (40.1%). Species were analyzed individually between chronic periodontitis and healthy, P. intermedia, P. nigrescens, and P. loescheii showed greater positivity in healthy compared to chronic periodontitis. Positivity for P. melaninogenica was high in chronic periodontitis compared to healthy.

Conclusion:
The number of positive cases for species, when correlated with clinical parameters showed an increase in mean score for all clinical parameters assessed, suggesting the presence of variation in the prevalence of Prevotella species and geographic variation do exist in oral microflora. Findings suggest that they can be normal commensals and opportunistic.
Intramarrow penetration synergized with advanced platelet-rich fibrin in periodontal regeneration: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sharma Parth , Manjunath Shiva R. G , Gummaluri Shiva Shankar , Kunche Lavanya 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Intramarrow penetration (IMP) is one of the recent treatment protocol where decortication is performed to stimulate osteogenic cells. IMP improves the blood supply and the inherent osteogenic properties of the vital bone and has the advantages of minimal surgical invasion, time, and cost. Incorporation of IMP in the regeneration of periodontal defects is very scarce. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the involvement of IMP and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) in the regenerative outcomes in the treatment of intrabony defects.

Materials and Methods:
In the present randomized controlled trial, 20 periodontitis patients with 20 defects were randomly allotted into two groups: group I open flap debridement (OFD) and A-PRF, group II OFD, intramarrow debridement, and A-PRF. Clinical parameters recorded were plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and clinical attachment level (CAL) probing depth. Radiographic parameters were defect depth, defect resolution, and change in alveolar crest height. Values were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Paired and unpaired t-tests were performed for intra and intergroup comparisons. P <0.05 was set as statistically significant.

Results:
Intragroup comparisons showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in probing pocket depth, GI, PI, gain in CAL, and greater bone fill in both the groups from baseline to 6 months postoperative. Intergroup comparisons were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Within limitations, both treatment modalities stand good, but utilization of IMP along with A-PRF results in effective regenerative outcome in intrabony defects because of its stimulation of osteogenic properties.
Clinical and radiographic study of the use of cross-linked gelfoam matrix in the treatment of dehiscence-like defects in Stage III periodontitis
Authors: Elboraey Mohamed Omar , Gamal Sherouk Mohamed 
Published: May 2023

Background:
This clinical study aimed to overcome the difficulty of graft fixation and limited blood supply for dehiscence defects regeneration by using a cross-linked gelfoam matrix jointly with collagen membrane and xenograft.

Materials and Methods:
The study included twenty dehiscence-like defects in maxillary anterior teeth with ≥4 mm facial bone loss and ≥5 mm clinical attachment loss (CAL) in patients suffering from Stage III periodontitis. Sites were treated with regenerative surgery using a cross-linked gelfoam matrix with glutaraldehyde, xenograft, and collagen membrane. The recorded parameters were: CAL, probing pocket depth (PPD), and radiographic three-dimensional (3D) volume for dehiscence-like defects (3D volume of facial bone defects) and 3D volume of interproximal defects using cone-beam radiographs. Data of these parameters were collected at both baseline and 6 months postsurgery. “Paired t-test” was used to assess the two variables.”

Results:
Both CAL and PPD showed statistically significant reductions and there was a significant bone gain at 6 months postsurgery in comparison to baseline (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:
Using a cross-linked gelfoam matrix with glutaraldehyde in combination with xenograft and collagen membrane could enhance the outcome of periodontal regeneration, especially in the treatment of challenging dehiscence defects.
Slope stability assessment of some waste rock dumps at a typical gold mine in Ghana
Authors: Sarpong S.O. , Olaleye B.M. , Kunkyin-Saadaari F. , Agyei G. 
Published: May 2023

Mining results in both economic and uneconomic materials being generated. The uneconomic materials (wastes) are stacked in a convenient place for further use or stored permanently as a slope or embankment. In Ghana, a typical gold mine set up dumping sites to accommodate the waste generated from its operations. Samples were collected from three waste dumps and tested in the laboratory, and the parameters obtained were used as input for 2D model development. The Factor of Safety (FS) of the three waste dumps were determined using the Janbu Generalised slope stability analysis method. Path and slope surface (circular and non-circular) search methods were used for the three cases. The FS for the waste dumps were determined and ranged from 1.61-2.74, 1.49- 2.50 and 1.32-2.10 under dry, static and pseudo-static loading conditions, respectively. These values exceed the minimum requirements of 1.1-1.5 for stability conditions. The geometry of the waste dumps, Suraw Waste Dump (SWD), is within the standard and hence, does not require reshaping, while the slope angles for the remaining waste dumps, Tano Waste Dump (TWD) and Akoti Waste Dump (AWD) need to be reshaped to achieve the proposed slope angle of 3H:1V (18.40 degrees) as stipulated in the mine’s Environmental Impact Statement (EIS).
The menace and mitigation of air pollution in the built environment: A review
Authors: Nnaji C.C. , Chibueze C. , Afangideh C.B. 
Published: May 2023

Air pollution has become one of the leading causes of death globally. This paper investigates the causes as well as sources of air pollution in the indoor and outdoor environment. It identifies anthropogenic activities related such as transportation and other activities involving the combustion of fossil fuel as the major causes of air pollution. The several and diverse health implications of air pollution were highlighted. The dangerous nature of carbon monoxide was x-rayed and the common indoor and outdoor sources were discussed. The risks of carbon monoxide poisoning from generator fumes and vehicle exhaust were clearly enumerated. Particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5 and ultra fine PM) were clearly shown to be the major casue of chronic and fatal respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Indoor air quality, which is usually overlooked was brought to the fore and shown to be worse than outdoor air quaility in some cases, especially where ventilation is poor. The inextricable link between air pollution and climate change was also established. Mitigative measure such as policies/acts, replacement of fossil fuel with solar PVs, replacement of conventional vehicles with electric vehicles and establishment of urban forests were discussed. Frequent and evenly distributed air quality monitoring, especially using android-enabled portable devices was broached. Besides, policies and other global approaches, individuals must adopt personal protective measures to protect themselves from the menace of air pollution.
Performance of black olive oil as permeability reducing admixture in concrete
Authors: Ogbo H.E. , Ugwu O.O. 
Published: May 2023

The study is aimed at improving the permeability aspect of concrete durability. The main reason for black olive oil (BLO) as the choice material relies on its inherent hydrophobic properties. The effect of BLO admixture on strength and permeability properties of concrete grade C30 was experimentally examined. BLO was integrated into the fresh concrete mix at percentages of 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7% and 1% by weight of cement content and a water-cement ratio of 0.5 was used throughout the study. Compressive and flexural strength, permeability properties in terms of water adsorption, porosity, coefficient of permeability and sorptivity of the concrete samples were investigated after curing in water at 3, 7, 28, 60, 90 and 180days hydration period. The BLO test admixture acted as a workability improving admixture and air entraining admixture in the fresh concrete. The various water permeability parameters of BLO-concrete samples were significantly improved for all the percentage inclusion of BLO. However, the mechanical strength properties of concrete sample containing the admixture decreased steadily with increase in BLO content. The 28days compressive strength of 03%, 05%, 0.7% and 1% BLO concrete samples decreased approximately by 3%, 13%, 6% and 13% respectively.The adverse impact on the strength properties of BLO-concrete mixes attributed to the effect of increased air content and workability induced by the BLO admixture can be compensated by reducing the water-cement ratio. The 0.3% BLO-concrete which exhibited the least reduction in strength and also meeting the design strength required for residential buildings is considered the optimum content.
Modelling rework cost for TETFund building construction projects in Nigeria
Authors: Dandajeh M.A. , Ibrahim A.D. , Ibrahim Y.M. , Adogbo K.J. , Ahmadu H.A. 
Published: May 2023

Accurate predictions of rework cost enable contractors to evaluate how successful their projects are likely to be, thus, improve their operations and productivity. Studies have developed project scope-based and non-scopebased rework cost predictive models. However, researchers have criticized the accuracy of these models because of their weaknesses in giving individualistic treatments to project scope-based and non- scope-based rework cost influencing factors. This study therefore aimed at developing rework cost predictive models that combine the synergistic effects of both project scope- based and non-scope-based rework cost factors. 440 sample size was drawn from 2,638 population of Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETfund) building projects constructed between 2009 to 2015. Data of 287 (65%) of 440 (sample size) of completed TETfund building projects on project scope factors as well as the extent of influence of the non-scope factors on cost of rework in TETfund building projects was collected. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were used in developing an integrated rework cost predictive model. More accuracy was achieved in the integrated model through the incorporation of impact of project scope and non-scope influencing factors into rework cost prediction model, this increased the variability in cost of rework to R2 = 0.759 (75.9%), while errors in rework cost predictions reduced by as much as 9.75%.The model serve as useful tool used to enhance accuracy of rework cost predictions for TETfund building contractors, thus reduce cost of rework for building construction projects.
Recruitment Behaviour in an African Meliponine Bee Species (hymenoptera, Apidae: Meliponini): Understanding Glandular Origin and Pheromonal Components
Authors: Bobadoye Bridget O. , Alamu Olaniyi T. , George-Onaho Jennifer A. , Ete John A. , Ayandokun Ayangbade E. , Agboola Ifeoluwa S. , Adeoye Olubusola T. , Adekola Popoola J. 
Published: May 2023

Meliponine bees are speculated to use a variety of communication mechanisms to effectively recruit workers of a colony to collect sufficient amounts of food to nourish the entire nest population. Mechanisms used to convey such information include thoracic vibrations and trophallaxis within the nest; footprint secretions and pheromone marks deposited in the field, or a combination of these signals and cues. There have been numerous discrepancies about the origin of trail pheromone production from the head, thorax, abdomen and leg regions of meliponine bees. Because the glandular origin of pheromone marks deposited by African meliponine bee’s species has not yet been investigated, we first confirmed if these species actually carry out scent marking and recruitment behaviour at visited food sources. Secondly, we tested if either nasonov or tarsal gland secretions elicited trail-following behaviour in newly recruited bees by means of chemical and electro-physiological analyses as well as with bio-assays testing both natural extracts and synthetic pheromone compounds from both glands. Significant differences were observed in the foraging patterns of the four bee species on collected resources (nectar, pollen and water) as the synthetic compound, (E)-β-farnesene was significantly as attractive to foragers of the four species when compared to the natural nasonov gland extract. Our results showed a significantly higher proportion of foragers from the four species been attracted to food resources baited with natural extracts from their own glands and recruited additional foragers to such baited food sites.
Keywords: Meliponine bee species, recruitment behaviour, nasonov glands, tarsal glands