bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation and Comparison of Two Deep-Learning Strategies for On-Line X-Ray Computed Tomography
Authors: Vo Romain , Escoda Julie , Vienne Caroline , Decencière Étienne 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) has been increasingly used in many industrial domains for its unique capability of controlling both the integrity and dimensional conformity of parts. Still, it fails to be adopted as a standard technique for on-line monitoring due to its excessive cost in terms of acquisition time. The reduction of the number of projections, leading to the so-called sparse-view CT strategy, while maintaining a sufficient reconstruction quality is therefore one of the main challenges in this field. This work aims to evaluate and compare the performances of two deep learning strategies for the sparse-view reconstruction problem. As such, we propose an extensive study of these methods, both in terms of data regime and angular sparsity during training. The two strategies present quantitative improvements over a classical FBP/FDK approach with a PSNR improvement varying between 11 and 16 dB (depending on the angular sparsity) ; showing that efficient CT inspection can be performed from only few dozens of images
Corrosion Detection in Storage Tank Bottoms via Omni-Directional Magnetostrictive Guided Wave Inspection System
Authors: Chen Xin , Cobb Adam , Vinogradov Sergey 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Storage tanks are ubiquitous in various industries, and corrosion in tank bottoms is a major threat to their normal operation. A variety of nondestructive testing (NDT) methods have been proposed for corrosion detection, of which the ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) technique is widely considered efficient due to the large propagation distance and high sensitivity to defects. To obtain complete mapping of tank bottom defects, UGW tomography is usually preferred; however, the requirement to place transducers at fine angular increments can cause the measurements to be time consuming. In this paper, we report the usage of a newly designed omni-directional magnetostrictive guided wave system for tank bottom corrosion detection. Different from existing omni-directional system designs, which are typically based on sparse array elements, the system proposed here excites guided waves using a single probe in a single predominant direction that covers the area determined by its beam characteristics. The omni-directional coverage is achieved by rotating the probe with a servo motor and acquiring data at predefined angles. In this fashion, the beam directionality is improved due to a larger transducer aperture compared with those based on a sparse array of small elements, and the beam directionality remains the same at every angle. The performance of the proposed omni-directional system for corrosion inspection is evaluated experimentally by introducing drilled holes of different depths and locations in the bottom of a mock-up tank. The system was placed at several locations along the tank bottom chime plate edge (skirt), where triangulation using appropriate angular measurements can be applied to locate corrosion in the tank bottom.
Revealing Earth science code and data-use practices using the Throughput Graph Database
Authors: Thomer* Andrea K. , Wofford* Morgan F. , Lenard* Michael C. , Vidana* Socorro Dominguez , Goring* Simon J. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The increased use of complex programmatic workflows and open data within the Earth sciences has led to an increase in the need to find and reuse code, whether as examples, templates, or code snippets that can be used across projects. The “Throughput Graph Database” project offers a platform for discovery that links research objects by using structured annotations. Throughput was initially populated by scraping GitHub for code repositories that reference the names or URLs of data archives listed on the Registry of Research Data Repositories (https://re3data.org). Throughput annotations link the research data archives to public code repositories, which makes data-relevant code repositories easier to find.
Linking code repositories in a queryable, machine-readable way is only the first step to improving discoverability. A better understanding of the ways in which data is used and reused in code repositories is needed to better support code reuse. In this paper, we examine the data practices of Earth science data reusers through a classification of GitHub repositories that reference geology and paleontology data archives. A typology of seven reuse classes was developed to describe how data were used within a code repository, and it was applied to a subset of 129 public code repositories on GitHub. Code repositories could have multiple typology assignments. Data use for Software Development dominated (n = 44), followed by Miscellaneous Links to Data Archives (n = 41), Analysis (n = 22), and Educational (n = 20) uses. GitHub repository features show some relationships to the assigned typologies, which indicates that these characteristics may be leveraged to systematically predict a code repository’s category or discover potentially useful code repositories for certain data archives.
Group antenatal care compared with standard antenatal care for Somali-Swedish women: a historically controlled evaluation of the Hooyo Project
Authors: Ahrne Malin , Byrskog Ulrika , Essén Birgitta , Andersson Ewa , Small Rhonda , Schytt Erica 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesComparing language-supported group antenatal care (gANC) and standard antenatal care (sANC) for Somali-born women in Sweden, measuring overall ratings of care and emotional well-being, and testing the feasibility of the outcome measures.DesignA quasi-experimental trial with one intervention and one historical control group, nested in an intervention development and feasibility study.SettingMidwifery-led antenatal care clinic in a mid-sized Swedish town.ParticipantsPregnant Somali-born women (<25 gestational weeks); 64 women in gANC and 81 in sANC.InterventionLanguage-supported gANC (2017–2019). Participants were offered seven 60-minute group sessions with other Somali-born women led by one to two midwives, in addition to 15–30 min individual appointments with their designated midwife.OutcomesPrimary outcomes were women’s overall ratings of antenatal care and emotional well-being (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)) in gestational week ≥35 and 2 months post partum. Secondary outcomes were specific care experiences, information received, social support, knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and obstetric outcomes.ResultsRecruitment and retention of participants were challenging. Of eligible women, 39.3% (n=106) declined to participate. No relevant differences regarding overall ratings of antenatal care between the groups were detected (late pregnancy OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.50 to 4.16 and 6–8 weeks post partum OR 2.71, 95% CI 0.88 to 9.41). The reduction in mean EPDS score was greater in the intervention group when adjusting for differences at baseline (mean difference −1.89; 95% CI –3.73 to −0.07). Women in gANC were happier with received pregnancy and birth information, for example, caesarean section where 94.9% (n=37) believed the information was sufficient compared with 17.5% (n=7) in standard care (p<0.001) in late pregnancy.ConclusionsThis evaluation suggests potential for language-supported gANC to improve knowledge acquisition among pregnant Somali-born women with residence in Sweden ˂10 years. An adequately powered randomised trial is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT03879200).
Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiological approaches to inform COVID-19 surveillance and control: a systematic review of statistical and modelling methods in Africa
Authors: Odhiambo Julius Nyerere , Dolan Carrie B. , Troup Lydia , Rojas Nathaly Perez 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveVarious studies have been published to better understand the underlying spatial and temporal dynamics of COVID-19. This review sought to identify different spatial and spatio-temporal modelling methods that have been applied to COVID-19 and examine influential covariates that have been reportedly associated with its risk in Africa.DesignSystematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Data sourcesThematically mined keywords were used to identify refereed studies conducted between January 2020 and February 2022 from the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE via Proquest, CINHAL via EBSCOhost and Coronavirus Research Database via ProQuest. A manual search through the reference list of studies was also conducted.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesPeer-reviewed studies that demonstrated the application of spatial and temporal approaches to COVID-19 outcomes.Data extraction and synthesisA standardised extraction form based on critical appraisal and data extraction for systematic reviews of prediction modelling studies checklist was used to extract the meta-data of the included studies. A validated scoring criterion was used to assess studies based on their methodological relevance and quality.ResultsAmong 2065 hits in five databases, title and abstract screening yielded 827 studies of which 22 were synthesised and qualitatively analysed. The most common socioeconomic variable was population density. HIV prevalence was the most common epidemiological indicator, while temperature was the most common environmental indicator. Thirteen studies (59%) implemented diverse formulations of spatial and spatio-temporal models incorporating unmeasured factors of COVID-19 and the subtle influence of time and space. Cluster analyses were used across seven studies (32%) to explore COVID-19 variation and determine whether observed patterns were random.ConclusionCOVID-19 modelling in Africa is still in its infancy, and a range of spatial and spatio-temporal methods have been employed across diverse settings. Strengthening routine data systems remains critical for generating estimates and understanding factors that drive spatial variation in vulnerable populations and temporal variation in pandemic progression.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021279767.
Using body cameras to quantify the duration of a Code Stroke and identify workflow issues: a continuous observation workflow time study
Authors: Wong Joseph Zhi Wen , Park Peter Si Woo , Frost Tanya , Stephens Karen , Newk-Fon Hey Tow Foong Kien , Garcia Pamela Gayle , Senanayake Channa , Choi Philip M C 
Published: January 2023

Objective‘Code Stroke’ (Code) is used in health services to streamline hyperacute assessment and treatment delivery for patients with ischaemic stroke. However, there are few studies that detail the time spent on individual components performed during a Code. We sought to quantify the time taken for each process during a Code and investigate associations with modifiable and non-modifiable factors.DesignContinuous observation workflow time study.Setting and participantsRecordings of 100 Codes were performed at a high-volume primary stroke centre in Melbourne, Australia, between January and June 2020 using a body camera worn by a member of the stroke team.Main outcome measuresThe main measures included the overall duration of Codes and the individual processes within the Code workflow. Associations between variables of interest and process times were explored using linear regression models.Results100 Codes were captured, representing 19.2% of all Codes over the 6 months. The median duration of a complete Code was 54.2 min (IQR 39.1–74.7). Administrative work performed after treatment is completed (median 21.0 min (IQR 9.8–31.4)); multimodal CT imaging (median 13.0 min (IQR 11.5–15.7)), and time between decision and thrombolysis administration (median 8.1 min (IQR 6.1–10.8)) were the longest components of a Code. Tenecteplase was able to be prepared faster than alteplase (median 1.8 vs 4.9 min, p=0.02). The presence of a second junior doctor was associated with shorter administrative work time (median 10.3 vs 25.1 min, p<0.01). No specific modifiable factors were found to be associated with shorter overall Code duration.ConclusionsCodes are time intensive. Time spent on decision-making was a relatively small component of the overall Code duration. Data from body cameras can provide granular data on all aspects of Code workflow to inform potential areas for improvement at individual centres.
Clinical practice competencies for standard critical care nursing: consensus statement based on a systematic review and Delphi survey
Authors: Sakuramoto Hideaki , Kuribara Tomoki , Ouchi Akira , Haruna Junpei , Unoki Takeshi 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesA clear development process and scientifically validated clinical practice competencies in standard critical care nursing (SCCN) have not yet been developed in Japan. Thus, this study aimed to develop a consensus-based set of SCCN competencies to provide a framework for critical care nursing education, training and evaluation.DesignMultistep, modified Delphi study (a systematic review, focus group interviews, a three-round web-based Delphi survey and an external validation process).ParticipantsA systematic review of 23 studies, focus group interviews by 12 experts, a Delphi survey by 239 critical care experts (physicians, nurses and physical therapists) and an external validation by 5 experts (physicians and nurses).ResultsA systematic review identified 685 unique competencies. The focus group interviews resulted in the addition of 3 performance indicator items, a synthesis of 2 subdomains and 10 elements. Of the 239 participants, 218 (91.2%), 209 (98.9%) and 201 (96.2%) responded in rounds 1, 2 and 3 of the Delphi survey, respectively. After round 3, 57 items were below the consensus level and were removed in the final round. External validation process feedback was received from experts after two revisions to ensure that the final competencies were valid, applicable, useful and clear. The final set of competencies was classified into 6 domains, 26 subdomains, 99 elements and 525 performance indicators.ConclusionsThis study found a set of SCCN competencies after a multistep, modified Delphi study. The results of this study are robust, and the competency framework can be used in multiple areas to improve clinical practice, including the assessment, training and certification of standard critical care nurses.
Impact of a clinical decision support system on paediatric drug dose prescribing: a randomised within-subject simulation trial
Authors: Higi Lukas , Schmitt Raffael , Käser Karin , Wälti Monika , Grotzer Michael , Vonbach Priska 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundDrug dosing errors are among the most frequent causes of preventable harm in paediatrics. Due to the complexity of paediatric pharmacotherapy and the working conditions in healthcare, it is not surprising that human factor is a well-described source of error. Thus, a clinical decision support system (CDSS) that supports healthcare professionals (HCP) during the dose prescribing step provides a promising strategy for error prevention.MethodsThe aim of the trial was to simulate the dose derivation step during the prescribing process. HCPs were asked to derive dosages for 18 hypothetical patient cases. We compared the CDSS PEDeDose, which provides a built-in dose calculator to the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) used together with a pocket calculator in a randomised within-subject trial. We assessed the number of dose calculation errors and the time needed for calculation. Additionally, the effect of PEDeDose without using the built-in calculator but with a pocket calculator instead was assessed.ResultsA total of 52 HCPs participated in the trial. The OR for an erroneous dosage using the CDSS as compared with the SmPC with pocket calculator was 0.08 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.36, p<0.001). Thus, the odds of an error were 12 times higher while using the SmPC. Furthermore, there was a 45% (95% CI 39% to 51%, p<0.001) time reduction when the dosage was derived using the CDSS. The exploratory analysis revealed that using only PEDeDose but without the built-in calculator did not substantially reduce errors.ConclusionOur results provide robust evidence that the use of the CDSS is safer and more efficient than manual dose derivation in paediatrics. Interestingly, only consulting a dosing database was not sufficient to substantially reduce errors. We are confident the CDSS PEDeDose ensures a higher safety and speeds up the prescribing process in practice.
Randomised phase 2 study (JADE) of the HBV capsid assembly modulator JNJ-56136379 with or without a nucleos(t)ide analogue in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection
Authors: Janssen Harry L A , Hou Jinlin , Asselah Tarik , Chan Henry L Y , Zoulim Fabien , Tanaka Yasuhito , Janczewska Ewa , Nahass Ronald G , Bourgeois Stefan , Buti Maria , Lampertico Pietro , Lenz Oliver , Verbinnen Thierry , Vandenbossche Joris , Talloen Willem , Kalmeijer Ronald , Beumont Maria , Biermer Michael , Shukla Umesh 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveWe present the final analysis results of the phase 2 JADE study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT03361956).Design232 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) not currently treated at study start (NCT) at study start or virologically suppressed were randomised to receive 75 mg (part 1) or 250 mg (part 2) JNJ-56136379, a hepatitis B virus (HBV)–capsid assembly modulator, one time per day or placebo with nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/entecavir) or JNJ-56136379 alone (NCT-only) for ≥24 and ≤48 weeks.ResultsIn patients who are NCT hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) positive, JNJ-56136379 75 mg+NA and 250 mg+NA showed limited mean (SE) hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) declines (0.14 (0.10) and 0.41 (0.15), respectively) from baseline at Week 24 (primary endpoint; placebo+NA: 0.25 (0.11) log10international unit (IU)/mL).In patients who are NCT HBeAg positive, mean (SE) HBV DNA declines at Week 24 were 5.53 (0.23) and 5.88 (0.34) for JNJ-56136379 75 mg+NA and 250 mg+NA, respectively, versus 5.21 (0.42) log10IU/mL for placebo+NA. In NCT patients, mean (SE) HBV RNA declines were 2.96 (0.23) and 3.15 (0.33) versus 1.33 (0.32) log10copies/mL, respectively.Patients with HBsAg declines had HBeAg and hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) declines and some early on-treatment isolated alanine aminotransferase flares. Viral breakthrough occurred with JNJ-56136379 monotherapy with the emerging resistant-variant T33N, but not with JNJ-56136379+NA. JNJ-56136379 treatment beyond Week 24 had a generally small additional effect on viral markers.No study treatment-related serious adverse events or clinically significant changes in laboratory parameters occurred.ConclusionsIn patients with non-cirrhotic CHB, JNJ-56136379+NA showed pronounced reductions in HBV DNA and HBV RNA, limited HBsAg or HBeAg declines in patients who are NCT HBeAg positive, and was well tolerated, but no clear benefit with regards to efficacy of JNJ-56136379 over NA was observed.
Quantitative infrapatellar fat pad signal intensity alteration as an imaging biomarker of knee osteoarthritis progression
Authors: Cen Han , Yan Qingran , Meng Tao , Chen Zhongshan , Zhu Jimin , Wang Yuanyuan , Ruan Guangfeng , Wang Tian , Han Weiyu , Hunter David , Ding Changhai 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo determine the association of quantitative infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) signal intensity alteration with knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression.MethodThis study was performed based on the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health OA Biomarkers Consortium study, a nested case–control study consisting of 600 participants. The IPFP signal intensity alterations were quantitatively measured at baseline, 12 months and 24 months. The associations of baseline and time-integrated values over 12 and 24 months of IPFP signal intensity measures with knee OA progression over 48 months were evaluated with adjustment for baseline confounders.ResultsThe baseline level of clustering effect of high signal intensity (Clustering factor (H)) was predictive of clinically relevant progression (both radiographic and pain progression) (OR 1.22). The time-integrated values of all IPFP signal intensity measures, except for mean value of IPFP signal intensity (Mean (IPFP)) over 24 months (ORs ranging from 1.23 to 1.39) as well was all except for Mean (IPFP) and mean value of IPFP high signal intensity (Mean (H)) over 12 months (ORs ranging from 1.20 to 1.31), were positively associated with clinically relevant progression. When the associations of quantitative IPFP signal intensity measures with radiographic and pain progression were examined separately, more IPFP signal intensity measures with stronger effect sizes were associated with radiographic progression compared with pain progression.ConclusionThe associations of short-term alteration in quantitative IPFP signal intensity measures with long-term knee OA progression suggest that these measures might serve as efficacy of intervention biomarkers of knee OA.
On the flavor/mass dichotomy for mixed neutrinos: a phenomenologically motivated analysis based on lepton charge conservation in neutron decay
Authors: Luciano Giuseppe Gaetano 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFlavor/mass dichotomy for mixed fields is one of the most controversial issues in Quantum Field Theory. In this work, we approach the problem by considering the mixing of neutrinos and computing the transition amplitude of the paradigmatic neutron $$\beta$$
β
-decay $$n\,\rightarrow \, p \,+\,e^-\,+\,{\bar{\nu }}$$

n

→

p

+

e
-

+

ν

¯

. Calculations are developed by utilizing the following different representations of neutrino states: (1) Pontecorvo states, (2) mass states and (3) exact QFT flavor states, which are defined as eigenstates of the flavor charge. As a guiding principle, we invoke the conservation of lepton charge in the interaction vertex, which is fundamentally inbuilt into the Standard Model at tree level. In the short-time limit, we show that the only fully consistent scenario is that based on QFT states, whereas the other two frameworks contradict the underlying theory. This result provides a crucial step toward understanding the rôle of neutrino mixing in weak decays and contributes to elucidate the flavor/mass controversy in QFT.