bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robodebt cultures and useful idiots: Why Robodebt was not a techno‐failure
Authors: Henman Paul W. F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAustralia's Robodebt scheme is now internationally infamous for how not to use automation in government. Belying heightened concern with artificial intelligence, Robodebt involved traditional, relatively simple computer algorithms to automate the identification and pursuit of alleged historical welfare debts. Yet, it was based on a false legal premise. This paper argues that rather than a technical failure, Robodebt was intentional, motivated by political imperatives, aided and abetted by an overly responsive public service culture. Engaging with the literature of organisational wilful ignorance, it is argued that these political and public service cultures were constituted by useful idiots, who acted as foils to keep the illegal scheme running for 4 years. Drawing on the Report of the Royal Commission into the Robodebt Scheme, the paper identifies a range of practices through which strategic wilfulness ignorance of Robodebt's unlawfulness was actively constituted. Such practices, particularly well‐versed in the senior echolons of the public service, include feigning ignorance, studious nonresponse and not asking questions, telling untruths and giving ambiguous information, advising informally, not sharing and withholding information, and individual and institutional bullying. Documenting the concrete mechanisms of wilful organisational ignorance contributes to better understanding of this phenomenon and helps remedial action.
Plasma proteomic biomarkers as mediators or moderators for the association between poor cardiovascular health and white matter microstructural integrity: The UK Biobank study
Authors: Beydoun May A. , Beydoun Hind A. , Noren Hooten Nicole , Li Zhiguang , Hu Yi‐Han , Georgescu Michael F. , Hossain Sharmin , Tanaka Toshiko , Bouhrara Mustapha , Maino Vieytes Christian A. , Fanelli‐Kuczmarski Marie T. , Launer Lenore J. , Evans Michele K. , Zonderman Alan B. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe plasma proteome's mediating or moderating roles in the association between poor cardiovascular health (CVH) and brain white matter (WM) microstructural integrity are largely unknown.METHODSData from 3953 UK Biobank participants were used (40–70 years, 2006–2010), with a neuroimaging visit between 2014 and 2021. Poor CVH was determined using Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and reversing standardized z‐scores (LE8z_rev). The plasma proteome was examined as a potential mediator or moderator of LE8z_rev’s effects on quantitative diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) metrics.RESULTSLE8z_rev was significantly associated with deteriorated WM microstructural integrity, as reflected by lower tract‐averaged fractional anisotropy (dMRI‐FAmean), (β ± standared error (SE): −0.00152 ± 0.0003, p < 0.001) and higher tract‐averaged orientation dispersion (dMRI‐ODmean), (β ± SE:+0.00081 ± 0.00017, p < 0.001). Ten strongly mediating plasma proteins of 1463 were identified, with leptin as the principal driver.DISCUSSIONPoor CVH is linked to poor WM microstructural integrity measures (lower FAmean and higher ODmean), mostly mediated through leptin.Highlights
Up to 3953 UK Biobank participants were selected for this study.
Poor cardiovascular health (CVH) was determined using Life's Essential 8.
The plasma proteome was examined as a potential mediator or moderator of poor CVH's effect on dMRI metrics.
Ten plasma proteins were identified with strong mediating effects, with leptin being the principal driver.
Rod‐Like Nanofibres Polyaniline@Expanded Graphite Based on “Achieve Two Things at One Stroke” Strategy for Supercapacitor and Photosensor Applications
Authors: Liu Fuchen , Pan Yunjie , Zhu Lin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPolyaniline (PANI) was formed by chemical oxidative polymerization and composited with expanded graphite (GIC) to obtain a “achieve two things at one stroke” PANI@GIC composite. In the polymerization process, rod‐shaped polyaniline was grown in situ on expanded graphite with a size of 700 to 1000 μm. The diameter of the rod‐shaped polyaniline nanofibers was 30 to 40 nm, with lengths ranging from 300 to 400 nm. Preparation of composite materials where the “one thing” refers to their application as supercapacitor. Composite materials achieving a specific capacitance of 377.3 F/g when doped with 0.49 mol/L p‐toluenesulfonic acid. Even after 1000 CV testing cycles, nearly 91.3% of the capacitance was retained. The prepared composite materials have an additional “one thing,” which refers to the application of photoactive materials. Under 1 V voltage, the photocurrent produced by P‐toluene sulfonic acid doped PANI@GIC composite under ultraviolet light and red light was 5.52 × 10−4 A and 6.00 × 10−5 A, respectively. PANI@GIC The composite was 9.20 times more sensitive to ultraviolet light than red light. The above results indicated that rod‐shaped nanofibrous PANI@GIC composites hold significant promise for applications in optical sensors and supercapacitors.
Inflation in a Non‐Commutative Riemannian‐Foliated Quantum Gravity Domain
Authors: Weber Fridolin , Hess Peter O. , de Freitas Pacheco José , Marzola Marcelo , Hadjimichef Dimiter , Bodmann Benno , Naysinger Geovane , Fraga Rodrigo , Gimenez João G. G. , Razeira Moisés , Zen Vasconcellos César A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe explore the implications of Branch‐Cut Quantum Gravity (BCQG), a novel framework leveraging non‐commutative geometry within a symplectic phase‐space, on the accelerated expansion of the universe. Non‐commutativity, introduced through a deformation of the Poisson algebra and enhanced by a symplectic metric, provides a robust mechanism for addressing key challenges in cosmology, such as the youngness paradox and the fine‐tuning of initial conditions in standard inflationary models. By embedding quantum dual‐field dynamics within a Riemannian‐foliated spacetime, BCQG naturally integrates short‐ and long‐range spacetime effects into a unified formalism. This approach offers an alternative to standard inflationary models by predicting cosmic acceleration through geometric restructuring rather than finely‐tuned initial states. In contrast to models like ΛCDM or String Theory, BCQG introduces unique corrections to cosmic scale factors and predicts a novel transition between contraction and expansion phases via topological branch‐cuts, circumventing the singularity problem. Moreover, BCQG's non‐commutative formulation provides testable predictions, such as modifications in cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies and large‐scale structure evolution. We discuss the mathematical foundation, observational implications, and future avenues for validating BCQG through astrophysical data, positioning it as a promising theoretical alternative for understanding the universe's accelerated growth.
How school principals' empowering leadership influences teacher autonomy: The mediating role of teachers' academic optimism
Authors: Kasapoğlu Tankutay Hülya , Çolak İbrahim 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOver the past decade, teacher autonomy has become increasingly significant due to its positive impact on educational outcomes. The study explores the mediating role of teachers' academic optimism in the relationship between school principals' empowering leadership and teacher autonomy. In this study, we proposed teachers' academic optimism as a mediator in the relationship between empowering leadership and teacher autonomy. Data obtained from a sample of 384 teachers in Türkiye were analysed according to structural equation modelling. The results showed that school principals' empowering leadership positively and directly predicted both teachers' autonomy and their academic optimism. The results also indicated that teachers' academic optimism positively and directly predicted teacher autonomy. In addition, academic optimism was found to significantly mediate the relationship between empowering leadership and teacher autonomy. The findings highlight the importance of empowering teachers and strengthening their academic optimism as a means to enhancing their independent actions and decision‐making capabilities. Our findings provide practical recommendations for developing principals' empowering leadership behaviours and in the enhancement of their academic optimism.
Dynamic Culture of Bioprinted Liver Tumor Spheroids in a Pillar/Perfusion Plate for Predictive Screening of Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Joshi Pranav , Nascimento Hamilton Silva do , Kang Soo‐Yeon , Lee Minseong , Vanga Manav Goud , Lee Sang‐Hyun , Ku Bosung , Miranda Moyses dos Santos , Lee Moo‐Yeal 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRecent advancements in three‐dimensional (3D) cell culture technologies, such as cell spheroids, organoids, and 3D bioprinted tissue constructs, have significantly improved the physiological relevance of in vitro models. These models better mimic tissue structure and function, closely emulating in vivo characteristics and enhancing phenotypic analysis, critical for basic research and drug screening in personalized cancer therapy. Despite their potential, current 3D cell culture platforms face technical challenges, which include user‐unfriendliness in long‐term dynamic cell culture, incompatibility with rapid cell encapsulation in biomimetic hydrogels, and low throughput for compound screening. To address these issues, we developed a 144‐pillar plate with sidewalls and slits (144PillarPlate) and a complementary 144‐perfusion plate with perfusion wells and reservoirs (144PerfusionPlate) for dynamic 3D cell culture and predictive compound screening. To accelerate biomimetic tissue formation, small Hep3B liver tumor spheroids suspended in alginate were printed and encapsulated on the 144PillarPlate rapidly by using microsolenoid valve‐driven 3D bioprinting technology. The microarray bioprinting technology enabled precise and rapid loading of small spheroids in alginate on the pillar plate, facilitating reproducible and scalable formation of large tumor spheroids with minimal manual intervention. The bioprinted Hep3B spheroids on the 144PillarPlate were dynamically cultured in the 144PerfusionPlate and tested with anticancer drugs to measure drug effectiveness and determine the concentration required to inhibit 50% of the cell viability (IC50 value). The perfusion plate enabled the convenient dynamic culture of tumor spheroids and facilitated the dynamic testing of anticancer drugs with increased sensitivity. It is envisioned that the integration of microarray bioprinting of tumor spheroids onto the pillar plate, along with dynamic 3D cell culture in the perfusion plate, could more accurately replicate tumor microenvironments. This advancement has the potential to enhance the predictive drug screening process in personalized cancer therapy significantly.
A Paradigm of Computer Vision and Deep Learning Empowers the Strain Screening and Bioprocess Detection
Authors: Xu Feng , Su Lihuan , Wang Yuan , Hu Kaihao , Liu Ling , Ben Rong , Gao Hao , Mohsin Ali , Chu Ju , Tian Xiwei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHigh‐performance strain and corresponding fermentation process are essential for achieving efficient biomanufacturing. However, conventional offline detection methods for products are cumbersome and less stable, hindering the “Test” module in the operation of “Design‐Build‐Test‐Learn” cycle for strain screening and fermentation process optimization. This study proposed and validated an innovative research paradigm combining computer vision with deep learning to facilitate efficient strain selection and effective fermentation process optimization. A practical framework was developed for gentamicin C1a titer as a proof‐of‐concept, using computer vision to extract different color space components across various cultivation systems. Subsequently, by integrating data preprocessing with algorithm design, a prediction model was developed using 1D‐CNN model with Z‐score preprocessing, achieving a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9862 for gentamicin C1a. Furthermore, this model was successfully applied for high‐yield strain screening and real‐time monitoring of the fermentation process and extended to rapid detection of fluorescent protein expression in promoter library construction. The visual sensing research paradigm proposed in this study provides a theoretical framework and data support for the standardization and digital monitoring of color‐changing bioprocesses.
Navigating the Green Path: Strategies for Enhancing Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment Through Green HRM Practices
Authors: Dwumah Karen , Sappor Peter , Sarpong Francis Atta 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOrganizational citizenship behavior for the environment (OCBE) has become increasingly important in response to the harmful activities of some manufacturing firms in Ghana. Drawing on the Ability, Motivation, and Opportunity (AMO) framework, this study explores the influence of Green Human Resource Management (HRM) practices on OCBE, with a focus on the mediating role of employee engagement and the moderating effect of employee personality traits. Data were collected from 234 respondents using a structured questionnaire, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) was used for analysis. The findings reveal that Green HRM practices have a positive impact on OCBE, with green recruitment and selection exerting the most significant influence. Additionally, green training and development positively affect employee engagement, which in turn mediates the relationship between green recruitment and selection, green training and development, and OCBE. Moreover, employee personality traits moderate these relationships, positively influencing the link between green recruitment and selection and employee engagement.
YTHDF1 Regulates RELA m6A Modification and Activates the NF‐Kappa B Signaling Pathway to Promote the Mechanism of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Huang Yangyuan , Liang Shihao , Li Liping , Zeng Qingyu , Li Bin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is an important cause of death. Molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy are progressing rapidly. It is very important to explore the pathogenesis pathways of GC and provide strong support for its treatment. However, the mechanism of occurrence and development of GC is still unclear.MethodsOnline databases and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of clinical samples were used to analyze the differential expression of YTHDF1 in the GC and nearby tissues, and its effect on survival prognosis. In vitro experimental study of GC, other mechanisms and functional analyses were specifically designed and performed too.ResultsOnline data and clinical samples analysis showed that the expression of YTHDF1 in GC was markedly elevated compared to surrounding tissues. Higher YTHDF1 levels were correlated with worse survival outcomes. Analysis of correlation with clinical parameters showed that the expression level of YTHDF1 exhibited a favorable correlation with lymphatic metastases, as well as with PD‐1 and PD‐L1 levels. In vitro studies of YTHDF1 overexpression have demonstrated its ability to enhance GC cell growth and migration while inhibiting apoptosis. Based on our results, RELA is a downstream target of YTHDF1, and YTHDF1 triggers the NF‐κB signaling pathway by regulating RELA translation.ConclusionIn comparison to adjacent tissues, GC exhibits significantly elevated YTHDF1 expression. Increased YTHDF1 expression in the GC is correlated with decreased patient survival. Lymph node metastasis and the expression of PD‐1 and PD‐L1 are positively correlated with YTHDF1 levels. YTHDF1 inhibits apoptosis while promoting the migration and proliferation of GC. Additionally, it stimulates the NF‐κB pathway and controls the translation of RELA.
A Comprehensive Review of Phytochemistry and Anticancer of the Genus Goniothalamus
Authors: Xie Fan , Zhang Zi‐Long , Zheng Xiu‐Qin , Li Yi‐Ming , Wang Rui , Li Wen‐Yan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNatural products (NPs) play a crucial role in drug discovery, with over 30% of recent FDA‐approved drugs derived from them. Plants from the genus Goniothalamus, belonging to the Annonaceae family, have garnered significant interest as potential sources of active lead compounds. Over the last five decades, researchers have isolated 357 compounds from Goniothalamus species (GCs), which exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties, including cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antifungal, antiplasmodial, antioxidant, and other activities. Notably, cytotoxicity stands out as the most prominent characteristic of GCs. This review also summarizes the structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies related to the cytotoxicity of GCs and their underlying mechanisms. In summary, our objective is to provide an overview of the research progress concerning the Goniothalamus genus, aiming to foster further development and utilization of these plants.
Chemical Compositions of the Marine Red Alga Laurencia composita Collected in Japan
Authors: Miwa Tatsuhide , Sato Kosuke , Osada Daiki , Nimura Kazumi , Kato Aki , Tsuge Keisuke , Fukada Ryosuke , Yokoshima Kota , Ishii Takahiro , Yamagishi Yukimasa , Kamada Takashi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMarine red alga Laurencia composita was collected from seven sampling locations in Japan, and all samples were identified based on morphological studies as well as rbcL sequencing analysis. This is the first report of the isolation of (‐)‐8‐bromo‐9‐hydroxy‐(E)‐γ‐bisabolene (1) as a natural product, and bisabolene‐type and β‐chamigrene‐type sesquiterpenes found in L. composita collected in Japan. In previous Japanese reports of L. composita, highly oxidized α‐chamigrene‐type sesquiterpenes were isolated as their major secondary metabolites. Therefore, these populations are the fissure chemical race in L. composita. All isolated compounds were tested for their insect‐repellent activity against the adult maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais.
Aortic Periannular Abscess Missed by Transthoracic Echocardiography: A Case Report
Authors: He Wenjuan , Peng Yudong , Yi Yan , Hu Han , Lu Jinzhi , Chen Keming , Zeng Qingsong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAn aortic periannular abscess (PA) is a critical consequence of infective endocarditis (IE). In our case report, the patient's clinical symptoms were only fever, cough, and shortness of breath. He was then diagnosed with aortic PA, which was overlooked in the initial TTE assessment but later identified through transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The patient underwent surgery immediately and recovered well. This case underscores the importance of TEE in revealing small, yet critical, intracardiac lesions that may be missed by TTE.
Transitioning to Green Discovery‐Based Catalysis
Authors: Waterman Rory 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPressure is mounting to minimize the carbon footprint of chemical industry while increasing its sustainability. An argument is made that working from Green Chemistry principles during discovery‐based catalysis results in effective chemistry and circumvents a need to “rediscover” chemical reactivity under sustainable conditions. Examples of comparative success in selected examples of hydrophosphination catalysis in various degrees of development are provided to support two main ideas: 1) Starting from more sustainable practices in chemical discovery is inertia in methodology that should be overcome, and 2) substantial challenges remain in catalysis for which sustainable solutions would positively impact other areas of chemistry. Examples of successes, even in the face of the challenges noted, are presented herein as indications that even as a starting point, sustainability can meet short‐ and long‐term needs. These ideas indicate critical but simple strategies for fundamental research to be impactful in the sustainability of the chemical industry broadly.
Pyrolysis kinetics of the carbonization of high‐sulphur anthracite for activated carbon production
Authors: Wang Chen , Dai Guofu , Chai Xuesen , Peng Chao , Zhao Jinke , Wang Weinan , Fu Zhijie , Duan Chenlong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe knowledge of pyrolysis kinetics of coal carbonization is essential for the optimization of reactor design and operation for activated carbon production. In the current work, non‐isothermal thermodynamics is used to study the pyrolysis process in the preparation of activated carbon from the high‐sulphur anthracite. It is seen that the co‐pyrolysis of multi‐component coal mixtures can significantly decrease the initial reaction Ea. With a heating rate of 5–20 K/min, the Ea is found to be 18–314 KJ/mol by the distributed activation energy model (DEAM). The similar Ea values of 18–314 KJ/mol and 25–344 KJ/mol are obtained by the integral isoconversional methods of Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose (KAS), respectively. With the increase of pyrolysis degree, the required activation energy increases accordingly. Based on the KAS model, the pyrolysis kinetic equations of high‐sulphur anthracite and its blended coal were derived using the master curve method.
On the Use of Embedding Techniques for Modeling User Navigational Behavior in Intelligent Prefetching Strategies
Authors: Buyuktanir Tolga , Aktas Mehmet S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn today's data‐intensive client‐server systems, traditional caching methods often fail to meet the demands of modern applications, especially in mobile environments with unstable network conditions. This research addresses the challenge of improving data delivery by proposing an advanced prefetching framework that utilizes various embedding techniques. We explore how to model user navigation using graph‐based, autoencoder‐based, and sequence‐to‐sequence‐based embedding methods and assess their impact on prefetching accuracy and efficiency. Our study shows that utilizing these embedding techniques with supervised learning models improves prefetching performance. We also present a software architecture that blends supervised and unsupervised learning approaches, along with user‐specific and collective learning models, to create a robust prefetching mechanism. The contributions of this study include developing a scalable prefetching solution using machine learning/deep learning algorithms and providing an open‐source prototype of the proposed architecture. This paper offers a significant improvement over previous research and provides valuable insights for enhancing the performance of data‐intensive applications.
Optimization of Path for Road Network With Modified Ant Colony Optimization (MACO)
Authors: Singh Raushan Kumar , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOptimizing routes in road networks is crucial for smooth transportation and economic progress. Different methods exist for finding the best routes, including genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, and simulated annealing. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) stands out for its efficiency. In this study, we introduce a modified version called MACO, which considers accidents when determining optimal routes. Evaluating different ACO versions reveals differences in solution quality, runtime, and number of iterations. Performance metrics including maximum obtained solution, runtime, and iteration number were evaluated for each method. In Case 1, TACO, and AACO both achieved a maximum of 21 solutions from the available possible solution of 24, exhibiting run‐times of 0.4359 and 0.4575 s, respectively. Meanwhile, MACO attained a maximum of 22 solutions from available possible solution 24, in a runtime of 0.5345 s and 10 iterations. In the second scenario, TACO, AACO, and MACO achieved maximum solutions of 20 with obtained solutions of 15, 16, and 17, respectively. TACO demonstrated a runtime of 0.1853 s with 26 iterations, AACO ran in 0.1749 s with 22 iterations, and MACO completed in 0.5799 s with 15 iterations. These findings highlight the varying performance of the optimization methods and suggest MACO as a promising approach for balancing solution quality and computational efficiency in road network path optimization.