bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer Traps: Implantable and On‐Chip Solutions for Early Cancer Detection and Treatment
Authors: Caballero David , Reis Rui L. , Kundu Subhas C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCancer continues to be a major global health issue causing millions of deaths annually. While traditional therapeutic methods may be effective in many cases, they may not be suitable for highly metastatic cancers. Moreover, the late detection of tumors, when they have already spread and are harder to treat, further exacerbates the challenge in managing this disease. As a result, there is a growing interest in developing complementary tissue‐engineered approaches for early cancer diagnosis and treatment to enhance patient recovery. Bioengineered cancer traps have gained significant attention due to their efficacy and ease of use. These trapping systems employ (bio)chemical and mechanical strategies to selectively capture and limit the spread of cancer cells, leading to their eradication from the body. Furthermore, when integrated into microfluidic devices, these cancer traps‐on‐a‐chip can be used for liquid biopsy and the early detection of circulating tumor cells and other tumor‐derived material, allowing for precision medicine treatments. Herein, this innovative approach to cancer theranostics, including its mechanism of action, current stage of development, and potential advantages and limitations is discussed.
Multicolor Patterning Inside a Metal‐Organic Framework
Authors: Zhang Yusheng , Su Yuming , Fan Xiaolin , Zhao Boxuan , Hua Xin , Dai Bingling , Wang Cheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) patterning of fluorescent structures in metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) is useful for fabricating MOF‐based devices for sensing and data storage. This work creates 3D multicolor patterns in an MOF crystal by sequentially printing different substructures with different dye molecules incorporated. Printed multicolor 3D arrays inside MOF crystal are used for 3D optical data storage. Each color dot can represent four‐digit information 0, 1, 2, 3 as compared to the 0,1 by a bit, using three colors plus the blank to convey the information. Through the combination of different initiator molecules of different emission colors, the data storage density is expected to increase further.
Deep‐Red InP Core‐Multishell Quantum Dots for Highly Bright and Efficient Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Huang Pan , Liu Xiaonan , Jin Geyu , Liu Fangze , Shen Huaibin , Li Hongbo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInP‐based quantum dots (QDs) are one of the most promising heavy‐metal‐free materials for light‐emitting applications to substitute cadmium‐analogous QDs. With a bulk band gap of 1.35 eV, InP QDs can be made to emit light in the deep red and even near‐infrared region by adjusting the size. Deep‐red light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) are of great interest for promoting the growth of plants and accurate red LED displays. However, the synthesis and the fabrication of InP‐based quantum‐dot LEDs (QLEDs) emitting in the deep red region are still under development. Here, the study reports deep‐red InP/ZnSe/ZnSeS/ZnS core‐shell QDs with a photoluminescence (PL) emission peak at 680 nm and a PL quantum yield up to 95%, which is the highest among reported deep‐red QDs. Multi‐shell with a transition layer of ZnSeS is realized to decrease the lattice mismatch in the shell and increase the shell thickness, which efficiently confines charge carriers and reduces non‐radiative recombinations. In addition, the core‐shell InP QLED achieves a high luminescence of 2263 cd m−2 and an external quantum efficiency up to 6.5%. This report provides a new strategy for promoting the development of deep‐red QLEDs for next‐generation lighting and display devices.
In Situ Passivation of Two‐Dimensional Perovskites by External Electric Field
Authors: Man Tao , Gong Nan , Li Zicheng , Duan Xinyu , Xu Beibei , Song Zixuan , Lin Xing , Tan Dezhi , Liu Xiaofeng , Qiu Jianrong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe outstanding performance of halide perovskite makes it one of the champion materials for applications in optoelectronic devices. However, the stability of perovskites limits their practical applications. Among all the factors influencing the stability of perovskites, defects are one of the key factors. Till now, many chemical methods have been proposed to passivate defects. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of in situ passivation methods without the change of the composition of perovskites. Here, it is found that the external electric field can passivate the defects in FPEA2PbI4 (FPEAI = 2‐(4‐Fluorophenyl)ethylamine Hydroiodide) film in a capacitive device at 78 K, and the PL intensity can be enhanced greatly. A “charge‐soaking effect” can be observed, that is PL intensity continues to increase for a long time after removing the electric field. Besides the emission peak from free exciton, two other peaks at the lower energy side from defect‐bound excitons are observed. They are more susceptible to the external electric field than the free exciton. This work will deepen the understanding of exciton behavior and the interaction of electric field with excitons in two–dimensional (2D) hybrid perovskites for efficient light–emitting diodes (LEDs) and electrically pumped lasers. It provides a new in situ passivation method of perovskites for practical applications.
Donafenib and GSK‐J4 Synergistically Induce Ferroptosis in Liver Cancer by Upregulating HMOX1 Expression
Authors: Zheng Chenyang , Zhang Bo , Li Yunyun , Liu Kejia , Wei Wei , Liang Shuhang , Guo Hongrui , Ma Kun , Liu Yao , Wang Jiabei , Liu Lianxin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Donafenib is a multi‐receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of patients with advanced HCC, but its clinical effect is very limited. Here, through integrated screening of a small‐molecule inhibitor library and a druggable CRISPR library, that GSK‐J4 is synthetically lethal with donafenib in liver cancer is shown. This synergistic lethality is validated in multiple HCC models, including xenograft, orthotopically induced HCC, patient‐derived xenograft, and organoid models. Furthermore, co‐treatment with donafenib and GSK‐J4 resulted in cell death mainly via ferroptosis. Mechanistically, through integrated RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) and assay for transposase‐accessible chromatin with high throughput sequencing (ATAC‐seq) analyses, that donafenib and GSK‐J4 synergistically promoted the expression of HMOX1 and increased the intracellular Fe2+ level is found, eventually leading to ferroptosis. Additionally, through cleavage under targets & tagmentation followed by sequencing (CUT&Tag‐seq), it is found that the enhancer regions upstream of HMOX1 promoter significantly increased under donafenib and GSK‐J4 co‐treatment. A chromosome conformation capture assay confirmed that the increased expression of HMOX1 is caused by the significantly enhanced interaction between the promoter and upstream enhancer under dual‐drug combination. Taken together, this study elucidates a new synergistic lethal interaction in liver cancer.
Disruption of the Clock Component Bmal1 in Mice Promotes Cancer Metastasis through the PAI‐1‐TGF‐β‐myoCAF‐Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Wu Jieyu , Jing Xu , Du Qiqiao , Sun Xiaoting , Holgersson Kristian , Gao Juan , He Xingkang , Hosaka Kayoko , Zhao Chen , Tao Wei , FitzGerald Garret A. , Yang Yunlong , Jensen Lasse D. , Cao Yihai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe circadian clock in animals and humans plays crucial roles in multiple physiological processes. Disruption of circadian homeostasis causes detrimental effects. Here, it is demonstrated that the disruption of the circadian rhythm by genetic deletion of mouse brain and muscle ARNT‐like 1 (Bmal1) gene, coding for the key clock transcription factor, augments an exacerbated fibrotic phenotype in various tumors. Accretion of cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), especially the alpha smooth muscle actin positive myoCAFs, accelerates tumor growth rates and metastatic potentials. Mechanistically, deletion of Bmal1 abrogates expression of its transcriptionally targeted plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1). Consequently, decreased levels of PAI‐1 in the tumor microenvironment instigate plasmin activation through upregulation of tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase plasminogen activator. The activated plasmin converts latent TGF‐β into its activated form, which potently induces tumor fibrosis and the transition of CAFs into myoCAFs, the latter promoting cancer metastasis. Pharmacological inhibition of the TGF‐β signaling largely ablates the metastatic potentials of colorectal cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Together, these data provide novel mechanistic insights into disruption of the circadian clock in tumor growth and metastasis. It is reasonably speculated that normalization of the circadian rhythm in patients provides a novel paradigm for cancer therapy.
Locally Addressable Energy Efficient Actuation of Magnetic Soft Actuator Array Systems
Authors: Richter Michiel , Sikorski Jakub , Makushko Pavlo , Zabila Yevhen , Venkiteswaran Venkatasubramanian Kalpathy , Makarov Denys , Misra Sarthak 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdvances in magnetoresponsive composites and (electro‐)magnetic actuators have led to development of magnetic soft machines (MSMs) as building blocks for small‐scale robotic devices. Near‐field MSMs offer energy efficiency and compactness by bringing the field source and effectors in close proximity. Current challenges of near‐field MSM are limited programmability of effector motion, dimensionality, ability to perform collaborative tasks, and structural flexibility. Herein, a new class of near‐field MSMs is demonstrated that combines microscale thickness flexible planar coils with magnetoresponsive polymer effectors. Ultrathin manufacturing and magnetic programming of effectors is used to tailor their response to the nonhomogeneous near‐field distribution on the coil surface. The MSMs are demonstrated to lift, tilt, pull, or grasp in close proximity to each other. These ultrathin (80 µm) and lightweight (100 gm−2) MSMs can operate at high frequency (25 Hz) and low energy consumption (0.5 W), required for the use of MSMs in portable electronics.
Bio‐Inspired Highly Brilliant Structural Colors and Derived Photonic Superstructures for Information Encryption and Fluorescence Enhancement
Authors: Liu Xiaoru , Liu Junfu , Wei Boru , Yang Dongpeng , Luo Li , Ma Dekun , Huang Shaoming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInspired by the brilliant and tunable structural colors based on the large refractive index contrast (Δn) and non‐close‐packing structures of chameleon skins, ZnS–silica photonic crystals (PCs) with highly saturated and adjustable colors are fabricated. Due to the large Δn and non‐close‐packing structure, ZnS–silica PCs show 1) intense reflectance (maximal: 90%), wide photonic bandgaps, and large peak areas, 2.6–7.6, 1.6, and 4.0 times higher than those of silica PCs, respectively; 2) tunable colors by simply adjusting the volume fraction of particles with the same size, more convenient than the conventional way of altering particle sizes; and 3) a relatively low threshold of PC's thickness (57 µm) possessing maximal reflectance compared to that (>200 µm) of the silica PCs. Benefiting from the core–shell structure of the particles, various derived photonic superstructures are fabricated by co‐assembling ZnS–silica and silica particles into PCs or by selectively etching silica or ZnS of ZnS–silica/silica and ZnS–silica PCs. A new information encryption technique is developed based on the unique reversible “disorder–order” switch of water‐responsive photonic superstructures. Additionally, ZnS–silica PCs are ideal candidates for enhancing fluorescence (approximately tenfold), approximately six times higher than that of silica PC.
In Situ Constructing Polymer Conductors with Aromatic Side Chains Functionalized Sb2Se3 Complex for Enhanced Potassium Motion
Authors: Qin Guohui , Liu Bingbing , Liu Yihui , Xiao Yaoyao , Liu Fusheng , Wang Lei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe conversion/alloying‐type electrode has promising potential in next‐generation large‐scale energy storage. However, it is plagued by vast volume expansion, the sluggish ion transport capability due to the anion migration and the deficient geometric conformation. Herein, an ultrastable Sb2Se3 anode is elaborately designed for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) through combined strategies of expedited side‐chain transport with bulky polar groups and stable molecular conformations. By rendering flexible polymer conductor (PC), hyaluronic acid conjugated dopamine, (named as HD) with a dissociated tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD) side chain, i.e., THD, via the in situ growth protocol over the hollow nitrogen‐doped polyhedron carbon (NC) confined Mn‐Sb2Se3 nanospheres (THD/Mn‐Sb2Se3@NC) grafting multipolar intramolecular covalent bonds, the fabricated THD/Mn‐Sb2Se3@NC displays gloriously enhanced side chain transport capability along with planarity and rigidity, benefiting from the finely decoupled segmental motion of the polymer chains and the dislocated π–π electrons. Consequently, THD/Mn‐Sb2Se3@NC exhibits superior fast‐charging behavior with a wider temperature adaptability from −50 °C to 80 °C. The findings provide fundamental guidance for developing advanced electrodes with outstanding side chain transport kinetics that go beyond safe, high‐performance PIBs.
Topological Phase Transition with Larger Winding Number in the Non‐Hermitian Dimerized Lattice
Authors: Qi Lu , Han Ning , Wang Hong‐Fu , He Ai‐Lei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe topological phase transitions among normal insulator phase, two kinds of topological insulator phases, and topological semimetal phase are shown based on the non‐Hermitian dimerized Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) model with the nonreciprocal intercell and long‐range hopping. In contrast to the previous work, it is found that the topological insulator phase in the present SSH model can hold the larger non‐Bloch winding number accompanied by exceptional winding of the generalized Brillouin zone around the gap‐closing points. Compared with the usual topological insulator phase in non‐Hermitian SSH model, the topological insulator with the larger winding number owns two pairs of zero energy modes with a distinct form of edge localization in the gap. The physical mechanism of the distinct edge localization for zero energy modes via a equivalent Hermitian version of the non‐Hermitian SSH model is revealed. Additionally, the process of the phase transition is visualized among normal insulator phase, topological insulator phases, and topological semimetal phase in detail via the evolution of the gap‐closing points on the plane of generalized Brillouin zone. This work further verifies the non‐Bloch theory and enrich the investigation about the topologically nontrivial phase with the larger topological invariant in the non‐Hermitian SSH model.
The effect of home‐based resistance exercise training in people with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Al Ozairi Ebaa , Alsaeed Dalal , Al Roudhan Dherar , Jalali Mohammed , Mashankar Anant , Taliping Dennis , Abdulla Amal , Gill Jason M. R. , Sattar Naveed , Welsh Paul , Gray Stuart R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the effects of pragmatic home‐based resistance exercise training on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) as well as muscle strength and body composition in people with type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsPeople with type 2 diabetes were randomized (1:1) to usual care or usual care plus home‐based resistance exercise for 32 weeks. The changes in HbA1c, body composition, physical function, quality of life, continuous glucose monitoring and liver fat were compared by randomized group using linear regression.ResultsThis study recruited 120 participants (female: n = 46 [38%], age 60.2 (9.4) years, BMI 31.1 (5.4) kg.m−2), 64 to intervention and 56 to usual care. Intention to treat analysis revealed no effect on HbA1c (difference in difference: −0.4 mmol/mol, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −3.26, 2.47; p = 0.78) but the intervention increased the number of push‐ups (3.6 push‐ups, 95% CI: 0.8, 6.4), arm lean mass (116 g, 95% CI: 6, 227) and leg lean mass (438 g, 95% CI 65, 810) and decreased liver fat (−1.27%, 95% CI ‐2.17, −0.38), with no differences in other outcomes. Per‐protocol analysis revealed similar results.ConclusionsHome‐based resistance exercise is unlikely to lower HbA1c in people with type 2 diabetes but may be of benefit for maintaining muscle mass and function and reducing liver fat.
Gender differences in modifiable dementia risk factors in monolingual and bilingual Australian adults
Authors: Hamrah Mohammad Shoaib , Bartlett Larissa , Kitsos Alex , Vickers James C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedGender and bilingualism are reported to influence the risk of dementia. This study examined the prevalence of self‐reported modifiable dementia risk factors by gender in two samples: one that speaks at least one language other than English (LoE) and one that speaks only English.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted on a sample of Australian residents aged 50 years or over (n = 4339). Participant characteristics and dementia risk behaviours were inspected using descriptive statistics in data collected via online surveys between October 2020 and November 2021.ResultsIn both samples, men had a higher rate than women of being overweight and were classified more frequently as being at risk of dementia due to alcohol consumption, lower cognitive activity, and non‐adherence to the Mediterranean‐style diet. Men reported better management of their cardiometabolic health than women across both groups. Non‐significant trends showed men were more often smokers but more physically active than women in the LoE group, and less often smokers but less physically active than women in the English‐only group.ConclusionThis study found men and women reported similar patterns of dementia risk behaviours regardless of LoE or English‐only status.So What?Gender differences in risk behaviours prevail regardless of language‐speaking status. The results can be used to guide future research aiming to understand and reduce modifiable dementia risk in Australia and beyond.
An exploration of the determinants of overweight and obesity and the capacity to intervene in North‐West Tasmania: A stakeholder consultation
Authors: Hughes Roger , Ahuja Kiran D. K. , Patterson Kira A. E. , Holloway Timothy P. , Soward Robert , Jayasinghe Sisitha , Byrne Nuala M. , Hills Andrew P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedThe capacity of communities to develop effective obesity prevention initiatives varies and should be a focus for obesity prevention intervention planning and investment. This research aimed at engaging and consulting local community stakeholders to identify determinants, needs, strategic priorities and capacity to act on overweight and obesity prevention in North‐West (NW) Tasmania.MethodsA series of semi‐structured interviews and thematic analyses was implemented to explore the knowledge, insights, experiences and attitudes of stakeholders.ResultsMental health and obesity were identified as major concerns and were often reported to share similar determinants. This study has identified health promotion capacity assets (existing partnerships, community capital, local leadership and some pockets of health promotion activity), and a range of capacity deficits (limited investment in health promotion, a small workforce, limited access to pertinent health information).ConclusionsThis study has identified health promotion capacity assets (existing partnerships, community capital, local leadership and some pockets of health promotion activity), and a range of capacity deficits (limited investment in health promotion, a small workforce, limited access to pertinent health information).So What?Broad upstream socio‐economic, cultural and environmental determinants underpin the conditions by which the local community develops overweight/obesity and/or health and wellbeing outcomes. Including stakeholder consultations as a significant technique within a comprehensive plan of action aimed at achieving a sustainable, long‐term strategy for obesity prevention and/or health promotion, should be considered in future programs.
Comparison of extravasation events related to the peripheral administration of vasopressors prior to and following implementation of an institutional protocol
Authors: Fabick Allison C. , Hawn Jaclyn M. , Barwick Katharine W. , Weeda Erin R. , Goodwin Andrew J. , Bell Carolyn M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionFollowing adequate fluid resuscitation, vasopressors are often utilized to maintain perfusion in shock states. Traditionally, vasopressors are administered via a central venous catheter (CVC) to attempt to minimize extravasation events. New literature advocates for peripheral vasopressor administration when CVC placement could lead to a delay in care. The purpose of this study was to compare extravasation events during vasopressor administration via a peripheral intravenous line (PIV) prior to and following the implementation of an institutional peripheral vasopressor protocol.MethodsThis was a single‐center, retrospective, observational study conducted at a large academic medical center. Adult patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) from September 2018 to 2020 who received continuous infusion vasopressors were included. Vasopressors evaluated were norepinephrine, epinephrine, phenylephrine, dopamine, and vasopressin. The primary outcome evaluated extravasation events prior to and following the implementation of an institutional peripheral vasopressor protocol.ResultsOf the 3430 patients included, 1532 and 1898 patients were in the pre‐ and post‐protocol implementation groups. Following protocol implementation, there was an increase in PIV utilization, improvement in ultrasound‐guided PIV placement (17% vs. 26%, p < 0.001), and line assessment every 2 h (74% vs. 90%, p < 0.001). Less non‐compliance in vasopressor infusion rates (40% vs. 24%, p < 0.001) and PIV location (18% vs. 10%, p < 0.001) were also observed following protocol implementation. A total of 58 extravasation events occurred in both groups, 15 confirmed events and 43 suspected events. Following protocol implementation, there were less extravasation events (2.4% [n = 37] pre‐ vs. 1.1% [n = 21] post‐protocol p = 0.003).ConclusionFollowing the implementation of an institutional protocol, there was a reduction in extravasation events, an improvement in ultrasound‐guided PIV placement, and the use of peripheral infusion practices associated with increased safety. Additional studies are needed to determine the optimal peripheral vasopressor protocol to reduce CVC use and maintain reduced extravasation events.