bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secondary analysis of preoperative predictors for acute postoperative exacerbation in interstitial lung disease
Authors: Seto Fumiko , Kawamura Gaku , Hosoki Keisuke , Ushio Michiko , Jo Taisuke , Uchida Kanji 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study assessed whether perioperative management is associated with postoperative acute exacerbations (AEs) in interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients. Using secondary data from the study “Postoperative acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease: a case–control study,” we compared the perioperative clinical management of the AE and non-AE groups (1:4 case–control matching) selected by sex, year of surgery (2009–2011, 2012–2014, and 2015–2017), and multiple surgeries within 30 days. We compared 27 and 108 patients with and without AEs, respectively. Rates of one lung ventilation (OLV) cases (70 vs. 29%; OR, 5.9; 95%CI, 2.34–14.88; p < 0.001) and intraoperative steroid administration (48 vs. 26%; OR, 2.65; 95%CI, 1.11–6.33; p = 0.028), and average mean inspiratory pressure (9.2 [1.8] vs. 8.3 [1.7] cmH2O; OR, 1.36; 95%CI, 1.04–1.79; p = 0.026), were significantly higher in the AE group. There was a significant difference in OLV between the groups (OR, 4.99; 95%CI, 1.90–13.06; p = 0.001). However, the fraction of inspired oxygen  > 0.8 lasting > 1 min (63 vs. 73%, p = 0.296) was not significantly different between the groups. OLV was significantly associated with postoperative AEs in patients with ILD undergoing both pulmonary and non-pulmonary surgeries. Thus, preoperative risk considerations are more important in patients who require OLV.
Effect of Face Masks and Speech Style on Speech Intelligibility and Listener Effort in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Cline Nathaniel , Knowles Thea , Badh Gursharan 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to quantify the combined effects of face masks and effortful speech styles on listener intelligibility and perceived listener effort in talkers with and without Parkinson's disease (PD).

Method:
Ten people with PD and 10 healthy, older controls read aloud sentences in two face mask and three speech style conditions. Masks included no mask and KN95 masks. Speech styles included habitual, clear, and loud. Listener participants were tasked with listening to each sentence mixed with background noise and then transcribing what they heard and rating how effortful it was to understand. Listener accuracy and effort were each modeled as a function of speaker group, face mask, and speech style using mixed-effects regression models.

Results:
Listeners were less accurate and reported greater listening effort for the PD group and for the mask condition. Listeners were more accurate and reported less effort when listening to clear and loud compared to habitual speech. Listener accuracy and listener effort were strongly negatively correlated across all conditions. Face masks were also associated with a steeper decline in speech intelligibility and an increase in listener effort for talkers with PD.

Discussion:
Face masks resulted in steeper speech intelligibility decline for talkers with PD compared to controls. Speaking more loudly or more clearly when wearing a face mask improved intelligibility for talkers with PD compared to habitual speech, and both speech styles resulted in speech intelligibility levels that approximated talkers' baseline intelligibility levels without a mask.
A novel composite fixed‐time sliding mode control scheme for second‐order systems with mismatched disturbances: application to Buck converter
Authors: Cai Zhongze , Sun Guhao , Zeng Qingshuang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a composite fixed‐time sliding mode controller is proposed to address the problems of finite‐time escape and large initial error inherent in disturbance observer (DOB) based controllers. The proposed hybrid control strategy utilizes a fixed‐time DOB and is designed to stabilize a class of second‐order systems in the presence of both matched and mismatched disturbances, while ensuring fixed‐time convergence. First, a fixed‐time DOB is developed to estimate both types of disturbances. Second, a robust sliding mode variable with variable exponent coefficient and a former finite‐time sliding mode controller are proposed to guarantee state convergence without using DOB estimation, thereby preventing the state from diverging due to the unknown large initial error caused by DOB and ensuring convergence prior to switching. Third, a latter robust fixed‐time DOB‐based controller is designed after exact estimation of disturbances is achieved and an estimation of the overall convergence time is provided. Furthermore, strict Lyapunov analysis is employed to prove that the disturbed system under the fixed‐time DOB and composite sliding mode controller is fixed‐time stable. Simulation results for a standard planar uncertain system and Buck converter with mismatched disturbance demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
An adaptive enhancement method based on stochastic parallel gradient descent of glioma image
Authors: Wang Hongfei , Peng Xinhao , Ma ShiQing , Wang Shuai , Xu Chuan , Yang Ping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBrain tumour diagnosis is significant for both physicians and patients, but the low contrast and the artefacts of MRI glioma images always affect the diagnostic accuracy. The existing mainstream image enhancement methods are insufficient in improving contrast and suppressing artefacts simultaneously. To enrich the field of glioma image enhancement, this research proposed a glioma image enhancement method based on histogram modification and total variational using stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm. Firstly, this method modifies the cumulative distribution function on the image histogram and performs gamma correction on the image according to the modified histogram to obtain a contrast‐enhanced image. Then, the method suppresses the artefacts of glioma images by total variational and wavelet denoising algorithm. To get better enhancement images, the optimal parameters in the proposed method are searched by the SPGD algorithm. The statistical studies performed on 580 real glioma images demonstrate that the authors’ approach can outperform the existing mainstream image enhancement methods. The results show that the proposed method increases the discrete entropy of the image by 8.9% and the contrast by 2.8% compared to original images. The enhanced images are produced by the proposed method with a natural appearance, appealing contrast, less degradation, and reasonable detail preservation.
Dynamics and control implementation of a supercritical CO2 simple recuperated cycle
Authors: Maccarini Simone , Tucker Swatara , Mantelli Luca , Barberis Stefano , Traverso Alberto 
Published: August 2023

Interest in supercritical CO2 power cycles is constantly increasing, showing good efficiency, and promising competitive costs and enhanced flexibility with respect to competing systems. Some project within the EU Horizon 2020 program have studied these systems and aim to demonstrate them in large scale, following the example of the STEP project in US. This work is part of the effort of the SOLARSCO2OL project to build a sCO2-CSP power demo plant at MW scale.
A dynamic model of a simple recuperated sCO2 cycle is developed in TRANSEO, using miniREFPROP to compute fluid properties, and table of properties are implemented, when possible, to enhance the performance of the code. Control logics is described and simple controllers implemented. Finally, controllers are tested showing the response of the main parameters of the plant to a ramp variation of the load. Stable compressor inlet pressure is achieved with an inventory control, while a stable turbine inlet temperature allows a high efficiency in part-load operation.
Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulant, Warfarin, and ABC Pathway Adherence on Hierarchical Outcomes: Win Ratio Analysis of the COOL-AF Registry
Authors: Treewaree Sukrit , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Krittayaphong Rungroj 
Published: August 2023

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) Better Care (ABC) pathway adherence is associated with improved outcomes. Clinical trials have shown that non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are as least as effective as warfarin for stroke prevention in AF patients. The Win Ratio method, analyzing hierarchical composite outcomes considering event timing and severity, has limited data on its use in Asians.
Objectives We aim to apply Win Ratio in a registry to access the comparative effectiveness of NOACs versus warfarin and ABC adherence versus nonadherence in Asian patients with AF.
Methods Our study included nonvalvular AF patients from the nationwide prospective COOL-AF registry in Thailand. The NOAC-treated group was compared with the warfarin-treated group using the Win Ratio, with the following order: all-cause death, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack/systemic embolism, non-ICH major bleeding, and myocardial infarction or heart failure. ABC pathway adherence versus nonadherence was also compared. A Win Ratio greater than 1.00 indicating a better outcome.
Results The analysis included 2,568 patients, with 228 in the NOAC group and 2,340 in the warfarin group. The NOAC group had more wins than the warfarin group, with an unmatched Win Ratio of 1.64 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22–2.20; p < 0.001). When compared with nonadherence, ABC pathway adherence was associated with a Win Ratio of 1.57 (95% CI: 1.33–1.85; p < 0.001).
Conclusion This Win Ratio analysis demonstrates the significant benefits of NOACs over warfarin and ABC pathway adherence over nonadherence in reducing the composite outcome in patients with AF.
An improved source of spin-polarized electrons based on spin exchange in optically pumped rubidium vapor
Authors: Ahrendsen K. J. , Trantham K. W. , Tupa D. , Gay T. J. 
Published: August 2023

We have improved a polarized electron source in which unpolarized electrons undergo collisions with a mixture of buffer gas molecules and optically spin-polarized Rb atoms. With a nitrogen buffer gas, the source reliably provides spin polarization between 15% and 25% with beam currents &gt;4 μA. Vacuum pump upgrades mitigate problems caused by denatured diffusion pump oil, leading to longer run times. A new differential pumping scheme allows the use of higher buffer gas pressures up to 800 mTorr. With a new optics layout, the Rb polarization is continuously monitored by a probe laser and improved pump laser power provides more constant high polarization. We have implemented an einzel lens to better control the energy of the electrons delivered to the target chamber and to preferentially select electron populations of higher polarization. The source is designed for studies of biologically relevant chiral molecule samples, which can poison photoemission-based GaAs polarized electron sources at very low partial pressures. It operates adjacent to a target chamber that rises to pressures as high as 10−4 Torr and has been implemented in a first experiment with chiral cysteine targets.
Linguistic mechanisms of colour term evolution
Authors: Bochkarev Vladimir V. , Shevlyakova Anna V. , Solovyev Valery D. , Rakhilina Ekaterina V. , Paramei Galina V. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We investigated diachrony of distributional semantics of two competing Russian colour terms (CTs) for ‘brown’,
buryj (11th century) and koričnevyj (17th century), using the Russian subcorpus of Google Books Ngram (2020). Time-series analysis (1800–2019) of bigrams gauged each term’s
frequencies of occurrence and changes in combinability with nouns for natural objects, artefacts, abstract concepts and figurative
expressions. In frequency, koričnevyj overtook buryj in the 1920s, confirming its basic status
in modern Russian. The perplexity index indicates that koričnevyj steadily increased the range of denoted
objects, with artefacts being front runners in the buryj-to-koričnevyj transition. The results
corroborate Rakhilina’s (2007a, 2007b, 2008) hypothesis that an incipient CT initially collocates with nouns denoting artefacts
but gradually expands to the realm of natural objects supplanting an old CT. Moreover, koričnevyj and
buryj are discerned by denotations and connotations. The present findings provide insights into general
mechanisms of the linguistic evolution of an emergent basic CT.
Fitting for the energy levels of hydrogen
Authors: Jacobs David M , Horbatsch Marko 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Atomic hydrogen energy levels calculated to high precision are required to assist experimental researchers working on spectroscopy in the pursuit of testing quantum electrodynamics (QEDs) and probing for physics beyond the Standard Model. There are two important parts to the problem of computing these levels: an accurate evaluation of contributions from QED and using an accurate value for the proton charge radius as an input. Recent progress on QED corrections to the fine structure, as well as increasing evidence that a proton charge radius in the range of 0.84 fm is favored over the previously adopted larger value in the 0.88 fm range, has advanced the field, yet several state-of-the-art measurements remain in contradiction with this smaller value. Motivated by on-going and future work in this area, we present here a simple parameterization for the energy levels of hydrogen at the level of hyperfine structure using the so-called relativistic Ritz approach. The fitting of a finite sample of QED-generated levels at low to intermediate principal quantum number, n, gives a generally applicable formula for all values of n for each distinct angular momentum channel, given in this work up to orbital angular momentum number

ℓ
=
30

. We also provide a simple linear parameterization for the shift in hydrogen energy levels as a function of the proton radius, providing a useful cross check for extant and future measured energy intervals.
Collisions of low- to intermediate-energy electrons with acetonitrile
Authors: da Mata Victor A S , Fujimoto Milton M , Homem Manoel G P 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A systematic investigation was carried out on the elastic scattering of low- to intermediate-energy electrons (

E
0

= 0.1–1000 eV eV) by acetonitrile (CH3CN). We calculated differential (DCS), integral (ICS), momentum-transfer (MTCS), and total absorption cross sections from 0.1 to 1000 eV energy range using an absorption-effects-implemented ePolyScat-E3 suite of codes, which applies the Schwinger variational method combined with the Padé-approximants technique. Also, the screen-corrected independent atom model was used to compute DCSs, ICSs, and MTCSs from 10–1000 eV impact energies. Present results are compared to other theoretical and experimental data when available. In general, our DCS and MTCS results show a good agreement with available data, however, the ICSs and the resonance features exhibit fair accordance. Our results show two shape-resonance structures: one at about 3.4 eV and a second at about 7 eV. They are labeled as

π
∗

and

σ
∗

, and comprise the

2

E

and

2

A

1

scattering channels, respectively.
Reducing phase transition temperature of vanadium dioxide by ascorbic acid
Authors: Wang Yue , Zhang Yuxin , Xi Xuekui , Yu Zhisong , Lu Di , Lu Yue , Wang Wenhong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The phase transition of vanadium dioxide brings huge change in its optical property, which is well used in thermochromic window, fixed-temperature heat sensor, laser protection and other fields. Tunable phase transition temperature is one key for its wide applications. In this paper we verified a new simple method to reduce phase transition temperature. A coordination effect of ascorbic acid on VO2 powder reduces its phase transition temperature to about 32 °C. This simple method offers a new efficient option to deal with VO2, which may dramatically promote the applications of VO2.
Multiple-q current states in a multicomponent superconducting channel
Authors: Yerin Yuriy , Drechsler Stefan-Ludwig , Cuoco Mario , Petrillo Caterina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
It is well-established that multicomponent superconductors can host different nonstandard phenomena such as broken-time reversal symmetry (BTRS) states, exotic Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov phases, the fractional Josephson effect as well as plenty of topological defects like phase solitons, domain walls and unusual vortex structures. We show that in the case of a two-component superconducting quasi-one-dimensional channel this catalogue can be extended by a novel inhomogeneous current state, which we have termed as a multiple-q state, characterized by the coexistence of two different interpenetrating Cooper pair condensates with different total momenta. Within the Ginzburg–Landau formalism for a dirty two-band superconductor with sizable impurity scattering treated in the Born-approximation we reveal that under certain conditions, the occurrence of multiple-q states can induce a cascade of transitions involving switching between them and the homogeneous BTRS (non-BTRS) states and vice versa leading this way to a complex interplay of homogeneous and inhomogeneous current states. We find that hallmarks of such a multiple-q state within a thin wire or channel can be a saw-like dependence of the depairing current and the existence of two distinct stable branches on it (a bistable current state).
A closed-loop torsional micro-thrust measurement system
Authors: Wang Jiabin , Long Jianfei , Xu Luxiang , Cong Linxiao , Guo Ning , Yang Wei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In view of the future space gravitational wave detection mission, a closed-loop monofilament torsional pendulum micro-thrust measurement system has been developed according to the requirements of the drag-free control of the satellite platform for the thrust of the micro-thruster. In this paper, we present the design of the micro-thrust measurement system, the electromagnetic force generation device, and the angular displacement differential measurement. By calibrating the electromagnetic force generation device, the functional relationship between micro-thrust and torsional angular displacement of the torsion scale is obtained, and then the micro-thrust measurement is carried out. The analysis considers the impact of the experimental device’s structure and environment on the micro-thrust measurement system. The range for measuring thrust is 1–246 μN, with a resolution of 0.1 μN and a relative uncertainty of 1.174%. Ensure that the thrust resolution and accuracy of the micro-thruster are met according to the measurement requirements.
Identification of hybrid amyloid strains assembled from amyloid-β and human islet amyloid polypeptide
Authors: Wu Rongrong , Wang Zengkai , Jia Zili , Li Chenglong , Wang Jie , Liu Lei , Dong Mingdong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Cross-fibrillation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and human islet amyloid polypeptides (hIAPP) has revealed a close correlation between Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Importantly, different amyloid strains are likely to lead to the clinical pathological heterogeneity of degenerative diseases due to toxicity. However, given the complicated cross-interactions between different amyloid peptides, it is still challenging to identify the polymorphism of the hybrid amyloid strains and reveal mechanistic insights into aggregation, but highly anticipated due to their significance. In this study, we investigated the cross-fibrillation of Aβ peptides and different hIAPP species (monomers, oligomers, and fibrils) using combined experimental and simulation approaches. Cross-seeding and propagation of different amyloid peptides monitored by experimental techniques proved that the three species of hIAPP aggregates have successively enhanced Aβ fibrillation, especially for hIAPP fibrils. Moreover, the polymorphism of these morphologically similar hybrid amyloid strains could be distinguished by testing their mechanical properties using quantitative nanomechanical mapping, where the assemblies of Aβ-hIAPP fibrils exhibited the high Young’s modulus. Furthermore, the enhanced internal molecular interactions and β-sheet structural transformation were proved by exploring the conformational ensembles of Aβ-hIAPP heterodimer and Aβ-hIAPP decamer using molecular dynamic simulations. Our findings pave the way for identifying different hybrid amyloid strains by quantitative nanomechanical mapping and molecular dynamic simulations, which is important not only for the precise classification of neurodegenerative disease subtypes but also for future molecular diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of multiple interrelated degenerative diseases.
Growth mechanisms in molecular beam epitaxy for GaN-(In,Ga)N core–shell nanowires emitting in the green spectral range
Authors: van Treeck David , Lähnemann Jonas , Brandt Oliver , Geelhaar Lutz 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Using molecular beam epitaxy, we demonstrate the growth of (In,Ga)N shells emitting in the green spectral range around very thin (35 nm diameter) GaN core nanowires. These GaN nanowires are obtained by self-assembled growth on TiN. We present a qualitative shell growth model accounting for both the three-dimensional nature of the nanostructures as well as the directionality of the atomic fluxes. This model allows us, on the one hand, to optimise the conditions for high and homogeneous In incorporation and, on the other hand, to explain the influence of changes in the growth conditions on the sample morphology and In content. Specifically, the impact of the V/III and In/Ga flux ratios, the rotation speed and the rotation direction are investigated. Notably, with In acting as surfactant, the ternary (In,Ga)N shells are much more homogeneous in thickness along the nanowire length than their binary GaN counterparts.