bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Chebyshev-type alternation theorem for best approximation by a sum of two algebras
Authors: Asgarova Aida KH. , Huseynli Ali A. , Ismailov Vugar E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLet X be a compact metric space, C(X) be the space of continuous real-valued functions on X and $A_{1},A_{2}$ be two closed subalgebras of C(X) containing constant functions. We consider the problem of approximation of a function $f\in C(X)$ by elements from $A_{1}+A_{2}$. We prove a Chebyshev-type alternation theorem for a function $u_{0} \in A_{1}+A_{2}$ to be a best approximation to f.
‘For King and Empire’: The Changing Political, Economic, and Cultural Identities of Kru Mariners in Atlantic Africa, 1460–1945
Authors: Crutcher Megan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article traces histories of the Kru in West Africa from the fifteenth to nineteenth centuries, arguing that divergent identities of fifteenth- to eighteenth-century Kru canoers became unified when that unified identity was necessary for maintaining political, economic, and cultural autonomy during and after the slave trade. In conjunction with earlier multilingual work on the Kru mariners of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, this article seeks to place the narrative of Kru identity and labor in a larger context of maritime history across the region at large. This article argues that the Kru relied on longstanding maritime traditions from localized groups to capitalize on the need for work and cash in a capitalist economy driven by growing European imperialism. The historical narrative of Kru maritime power shows how local and global identities in Atlantic Africa shifted in response to exploitation, blurring the lines between response and resistance.
Laterality and otorhinolaryngology: a review
Authors: Lancer Hannah , Drake-Lee Adrian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundLaterality of paired organs involves the function of the eyes, ears, hands and feet. Whilst most people have a right-handed preference, about 10 per cent are left-handed. Similarly, the right eye is usually preferred to the left. Medicine is both taught and practised for those with right hand and eye preference, and left-handed medical students and doctors must negotiate the right-handed world.ObjectiveThis brief review looks at society's attitudes, medical training and the practice of otolaryngology in the UK towards laterality and handedness.MethodLiterature review.ResultsStudies suggest that left-handers are more versatile and so are more ambidextrous. Conversely, this may result in problems when a right-hander tries to undertake a procedure with the non-dominant hand.ConclusionCultures and attitudes are changing towards those who are left-handed. Left-handed surgeons may encounter difficulties in the clinical environment throughout their training.
International interdisciplinary Arctic research: Case study of the Russian Arctic biomonitoring mega-grant project
Authors: Sorokina Tatiana Yu , Zarubina Lyubov , Gutenev Maxim , Kudryashova Elena 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Arctic region is commonly seen as a territory of international dialogue and cooperation. This perception is largely due to the science diplomacy efforts that are largely being contributed by universities, scientific centres, research teams and individual scholars. This paper discusses the Arctic science diplomacy initiatives proposed by Russia’s northernmost federal university. Of particular interest is the case of establishing in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation of national biological monitoring network – the initiative supported by the government-funded mega-grant programme. Our analysis suggests that two pillars of science diplomacy – “science for diplomacy” and “diplomacy for science” – can be successfully combined within the framework of one project. Evidence is provided of the pursuit of national interests being not a limiting factor but rather a driver in the process of promoting diplomatic collaborations in science, serving as a third science diplomacy pillar. Significant progress towards ensuring peace and harmony in the Arctic and sustaining international dialogue on science-based responses to global challenges has been achieved through science diplomacy initiatives proposed by Northern (Arctic) Federal University (NArFU). The authors confirm that most effective tools for establishing good neighbourly relations in the Arctic and promoting international cooperation are offered by scientific discussion.
An online therapist-guided ultra-brief treatment for depression and anxiety: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bisby Madelyne A. , Balakumar Tanya , Scott Amelia J. , Titov Nickolai , Dear Blake F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are many barriers to engaging in current psychological treatments, including time, cost, and availability. Ultra-brief treatments overcome some of these barriers by delivering therapeutic information and skills using significantly less time than standard-length treatments. We developed a therapist-guided online ultra-brief treatment for depression and anxiety and compared it to an existing 8-week, 5-lesson therapist-guided standard-length treatment and a waitlist control.MethodsIn a randomized controlled trial, adults with self-reported depression or anxiety were randomized (1:1:1) to the ultra-brief treatment, standard-length treatment, or waitlist control. The primary outcomes were depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms assessed at baseline, 5-weeks later, 9-weeks later (primary timepoint), and 3-months later. The trial was prospectively registered.ResultsBetween 7 February 2022, and 16 August 2022, 242 participants were enrolled in the ultra-brief treatment (n = 85), standard-length treatment (n = 80), and waitlist control (n = 77). Participants were mostly women with an average age of 48.56 years. At 9-weeks post-baseline, participants in the ultra-brief treatment group reported significantly lower depression (between groups d = 0.41) and anxiety (d = 0.53) than the waitlist control. The ultra-brief treatment was non-inferior for anxiety at both 9-weeks and 3-months follow-up. Non-inferiority for depression was observed at 9-weeks.ConclusionsThe online ultra-brief treatment resulted in significant reductions in depression and anxiety that were non-inferior to a longer treatment course after 9-weeks. Remotely delivered ultra-brief treatments have the potential to provide accessible and effective care for those who cannot, or would prefer not to, access longer psychological interventions.
Women’s discursive agency in transitional justice policy-making: A feminist institutionalist approach
Authors: Kostovicova Denisa , Popovski Vesna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractScholars have studied how women’s domestic and transnational civil society activism addresses the gendered nature of transitional justice. In contrast, they have paid scant attention to women’s impact on transitional justice policy-making in institutions. We leverage the feminist institutionalist perspective that makes visible gendered norms, rules, and discourses in institutions. Homing in on women’s influence in parliaments where women are outnumbered by men and marginalised by adversarial discourse, we develop a conceptualisation of women’s discursive agency. Foregrounding discourse in women’s ability to drive change, women’s agency is enacted through their linguistic communication style and substantive normative positions that constitute micro- and macro-level structures of domination. Quantitative and qualitative discourse analysis is applied to a corpus of parliamentary questions about transitional justice in the Croatian parliament from 2004 to 2020. Our results show that women adopt the adversarial style of questioning, which they use to broaden the scope of entitlements and press for reparations for female and male victims. They overcome constraints posed by partisanship and ideology, while constraints of nationalism are less easily broken. The article advances feminist transitional justice by demonstrating how women’s language contributes to dismantling men’s policy domination in institutions, with implications for mixed-sex interactions in non-institutional domains.
Single and multiple humanoid path planning using Hill valley approach applied to gravitational drift in Gravitational search algorithm
Authors: Vikas  , Parhi Dayal R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the Hill Valley (HV) approach is applied to the drifting masses or agents in the basic Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) for the path planning of humanoid robots. The drift in lighter masses toward the heavier mass creates a localized area, where the probability of obtaining a globally optimal solution is very high. So, the present work is focused on exploiting the area to tackle local optima and provide the best steering angle for the humanoids to navigate. The HV approach is applied to the basic GSA model, at the later stages, to improve the overall computational time and cost. The robustness of the proposed controller was tested in both simulation and experimental environments and compared with the previous research. The results obtained from the proposed controller showed a significant improvement in the overall path length and time taken. Path smoothness was also given equal importance during path planning to ensure stability. The multi-robot navigational scheme was performed using the Dining Philosopher’s model to avoid dynamic collision among the humanoids. The percentage deviation in the results was within the acceptable limits. To further check the effectiveness of the proposed technique, the proposed approach was compared with the vision-based navigation in danger space.
Kisspeptin decreases the adverse effects of human ovarian vitrification by regulating ROS-related apoptotic occurrences
Authors: Tavakoli Anahita , Aliakbari Fereshteh , Soleimani Mehranjani Malek 
Published: September 2023

SummaryKisspeptin is characterized as a neuropeptide with a pivotal function in female and male infertility, and its antioxidant properties have been demonstrated. In this study, the effects of kisspeptin on the improvement of the vitrification and thawing results of human ovarian tissues were investigated. In this work, 12 ovaries from patients who underwent hysterectomy were collected laparoscopically, and then 32 samples from each of their tissues were taken. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed to check the normality of the ovarian tissue and, subsequently, the samples were allocated randomly into four groups, including: (1) fresh (control), (2) vitrification, (3) vitrified + 1 μM kisspeptin, and (4) vitrified + 10 μM kisspeptin groups. After vitrification, thawing, and tissue culture processes, H&E staining for tissue quality assessment, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling assay for apoptosis evaluation, and malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ferric reducing ability of plasma tests for oxidative stress appraisal were carried out. Our histological results showed incoherency of ovarian tissue morphology in the vitrification group compared with other groups. Other findings implicated increased apoptosis rate and MDA concentration and reduced SOD activity and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the vitrification group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, decreased apoptosis rate and MDA concentration, and increased TAC and SOD function were observed in the vitrification with kisspeptin groups (1 μM and 10 μM) compared with the vitrified group (P < 0.05). Our reports express that kisspeptin is an effective agent to overcome the negative effects of vitrification by regulating reactive oxygen species-related apoptotic processes.
Religiosity matters: assessing competing explanations of support for secularism in Quebec and Canada
Authors: Bibeau Alexis , Brie Evelyne , Dufresne Yannick , Gagné Gilles 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSecularism—i.e., the separation between the state and religious institutions—is a fundamental characteristic of liberal democracies, yet support for secular arrangements varies significantly across Western countries. In Canada, such attitudinal divergences are observable at the regional level, with citizens from Quebec displaying higher levels of support for secularism than other Canadians. In this paper, we test three hypotheses to account for this regional discrepancy: religiosity, liberal values, and out-group prejudice. Using data from an online panel survey (n = 2,000), our findings suggest that support for secularism in Quebec is mostly explained by the province's lower baseline levels of religiosity, anticlerical feelings, and by its distinctive understanding of liberalism. These factors are likely to result from Quebec's unique religious and sociohistorical history. Results also suggest that while negative feelings toward religious minorities are positively correlated with support for secularism across the entire country, negative feelings toward ethnic minorities are associated with lower support for secularism in Quebec. These findings disprove the commonly held assumption according to which support for secularism is driven by ethnic prejudice in Quebec.
High gain metasurface integrated millimeter-wave planar antenna
Authors: Tahir Muhammad Usman , Rafique Umair , Ahmed Muhammad Mansoor , Abbas Syed Muzahir , Iqbal Shahid , Wong Sai-Wai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA metasurface reflector-backed wideband planar antenna is designed for millimeter-wave (mmWave) applications. A simple meandering structure is used for radiation element design, while the back side consists of a partial ground plane and parasitic elements. The utilization of meander-shaped element led to small antenna dimensions. The partial ground plane is used to achieve wide bandwidth, while the parasitic elements are used to improve the impedance matching toward higher frequency bands. To achieve high gain and directional radiation characteristics, an array of metasurfaces is placed behind the radiating element. It is observed from the simulated results that the proposed antenna system offers 17.72 GHz of impedance bandwidth in the operating range of 22.28–40 GHz, while the measured impedance bandwidth is noted to be 15.8 GHz, ranging from 23 to 38.8 GHz. Furthermore, it is observed that a metasurface-based planar antenna tends to achieve a peak gain of ≈9 dBi in the band of interest.
Ayutthaya's Seventeenth-century Shi‘ite Muslim Enclave: A Reassessment
Authors: Joll Christopher M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe primary purpose of this article is to reconstruct the date, location, and significance of Ayutthaya's Shi‘ite enclave within the former Siamese capital during the seventeenth century. This reassessment is based on a mixture of Persian, Thai, and European sources that clarify the confused picture generated by European cartographers that has for too long cast a shadow over Muslim studies in Thailand. Following a summary of extant explanations and a description of my primary sources and methodological approach, I summarise two aspects of Muslim presence in Ayutthaya. First, I introduce readers to connections between the incremental growth of the Muslim presence in Ayutthaya during the sixteenth century with geopolitical developments on the eastern littoral of the Bay of Bengal. Second, I present the range of accounts provided in primary sources specifically mentioning Ayutthaya's Muslim enclave. Having orientated readers to the origins of the Muslim presence within Ayutthaya's citadel, I incrementally introduce annotated portions of Thai and European maps. These clarify confusion about where and when this Shi‘ite mosque was constructed. I conclude with comments about how this reassessment brings into focus the presence of Shi‘ite ‘alid piety, Shi‘ite polemics about local Sunnis, Siamese conversion to Shi‘ism, and distinctions between these “Moors” and “Malays.”
The Cluster Virtual Observatory for ULF Waves
Authors: Constantinescu O. D. , Fornaçon K. H. , Motschmann U. , Glassmeier K. H. , Richter I. , Plaschke F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSince its launch in 2000, the Cluster fleet visited a vast domain of the circum‐terrestrial environment, from the upstream solar wind and the distant tail, down to the plasmasphere, scanning in detail all magnetospheric regions during over two solar cycles. This led to an unprecedentedly rich data collection of multi‐point measurements which will be used for years to come to decipher the mechanisms of Solar‐Terrestrial interactions. The large volume of data gathered by Cluster requires special strategies to make efficient use of it. To address this issue we constructed a browsable database containing parameters of the detected Ultra low frequency waves and of the spacecraft formation geometry. The primary data used to derive the parameters are the magnetic field, the electric field and the electron density. The data is resampled to a cadence of 1 s and processed using a sliding analysis window of 2,048 s with a step of 256 s over 24 hr intervals. This results in time‐frequency arrays for each parameter covering the 0.5 mHz to 0.5 Hz frequency range. The database is accessible at http://plasma.spacescience.ro/cluster.html. In total there are 47 wave parameters in the database, among them being the ellipticity, the degree of polarization, the (unsigned) wave vector direction, and the Poynting vector. Plots for the planarity, elongation, and degeneration of the Cluster tetrahedron are also available. At the moment, the database covers measurements made between 01 January 2001 and 31 December 2020 with more data being added in time. Here we present this database, discuss the methods used to derive the parameters and give practical examples.
Enhanced Polar Vortex Predictability Following Sudden Stratospheric Warming Events
Authors: Rupp Philip , Spaeth Jonas , Garny Hella , Birner Thomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events can form a window of forecast opportunity for polar vortex predictions on subseasonal‐to‐seasonal time scales. Analyzing numerical ensemble simulations, we quantify the associated enhanced predictability due to reduced upward planetary wave fluxes during the mostly radiatively driven recovery phase following SSWs. Ensembles that predict an SSW show reduced ensemble spread in terms of polar vortex strength for several weeks to follow, as well as a corresponding reduction in forecast errors. This increased predictability is particularly pronounced for strong SSWs and even occurs if not all ensemble members predict a major SSW. Furthermore, we found a direct impact of the occurrence of SSWs on the date of the final warming (FW): the decrease in upward wave fluxes delays the FW significantly. The reduced spread after SSWs and the delay in FW date have potentially further implications for (subseasonal) predictions of the tropospheric and mesospheric circulations.
Sea Surface Energy Fluxes' Response to the Quasi‐Biweekly Oscillation: A Case Study in the South China Sea
Authors: Qi Murong , Han Bo , Yang Qinghua , Wu Renhao , Liu Changwei , Zhang Gong , Zhang Xiaobo , Zhou Haitao , Chen Jianqiao , Chen Dake 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe South China Sea (SCS) owns the world's strongest quasi‐biweekly oscillation (QBWO) in boreal summer, but the mechanism is still unclear. This case study summarizes two modes of QBWO over the summer SCS in 2019 by using empirical orthogonal function on the 10–20‐day bandpass‐filtered outgoing longwave radiation fields. The maximum positive irradiance anomalies for the two modes are 90 W m−2. The upward solar and downward longwave radiation anomalies own about 4%–8% of the irradiance magnitude, and the surface upward longwave radiation shows a weak response. Sea surface turbulent heat fluxes' responses to QBWO display different spatial patterns compared to radiation fluxes. Their changes are mainly ascribed to the surface wind in Mode1 and the air‐sea thermal contrast in Mode2. We also discuss the cause and impact of sea surface turbulent heat fluxes on QBWO.
Variation of Hydrogen Energetic Neutral Atom Flux in the Subsolar Magnetosheath as a Function of Solar Cycle
Authors: Sokół J. M. , Starkey M. J. , Dayeh M. A. , Fuselier S. A. , Petrinec S. M. , McComas D. J. , Schwadron N. A. , Szalay J. , Ogasawara K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe analyzed observations of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) of hydrogen collected from the subsolar magnetosheath by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) in Solar Cycle 24. We looked for long‐term solar activity‐related variation and correlation between the H ENA flux and the solar wind parameters. The H ENA flux in the energy range from 0.5 to 6 keV increased during the maximum and declining phases of the solar cycle. This H ENA flux increase happened during a period of enhanced solar wind dynamic pressure observed at 1 au. We study the relation between the ENA flux and solar wind pressure in the subsolar magnetosheath and conclude that the increase in the ENA flux is a consequence of enhanced ENA production. It is because of the increased solar wind pressure during the declining phase of the solar activity that moved the subsolar magnetosheath earthward into a region of denser hydrogen geocorona, thus increasing the H ENA production. Furthermore, we report a positive correlation between the H ENA flux in the subsolar magnetosheath and the solar wind pressure for the first four energy steps observed by IBEX‐Hi and a decrease for the highest energy acquired, which indicates the presence of a different parent ion population for those ENAs from that of the core solar wind. Our study also shows that the ENA flux correlates differently with the solar wind density and speed as a function of increasing energy of ENAs.
Paleoseismological Constraints on the Anghiari Normal Fault (Northern Apennines, Italy) and Potential Implications for the Activity of the Altotiberina Low‐Angle Normal Fault
Authors: Testa A. , Boncio P. , Baize S. , Mirabella F. , Pucci S. , Pace B. , Riesner M. , Pauselli C. , Ercoli M. , Benedetti L. , Di Chiara A. , Civico R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe NE‐dipping Anghiari normal fault, bounding to the west the Sansepolcro basin in the Upper Tiber Valley (northern Apennines), is thought to be a synthetic splay of the Altotiberina low‐angle normal fault (LANF), an active ENE‐dipping extensional detachment whose seismogenic behavior is debated. In order to assess the Anghiari fault capability to break the surface during strong earthquakes and be the source of historical earthquakes, we acquired high resolution topographic data, performed field survey and geophysical investigations (Seismic reflection, Ground Penetrating Radar, Electrical Resistivity Tomography) and dug three paleoseismological trenches across different fault sections of the Anghiari fault. The acquired data reveal for the first time the Late Pleistocene to historical activity of the Anghiari fault, constraining the age of seven paleo‐earthquakes over the last 25 ka, the youngest of which is comparable with one of the poorly constrained historical earthquakes of the Sansepolcro basin. The yielded slip rate is >0.2 mm/yr averaged over the last 25 ka and the recurrence interval is about 2,500–3,200 years. An analysis of the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility performed in one of the paleoseismological trenches revealed an extensional stress field, continuously acting during the sedimentation of the entire trenched stratigraphy. Our results confirm the ability of the Anghiari fault to generate surface faulting earthquakes. In addition, if the Anghiari fault does sole at depth into the Altotiberina low‐angle normal fault, this LANF could also be seismogenic and generateM > 6.