bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Participatory budgeting in francophone Africa: a comparative perspective between Benin and Niger
Authors: Lassou Philippe J.C. , Ostojic Mladen , Barboza Jacky Ulrich , Moses Olayinka 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThis research aims to examine the introduction of participatory budgeting (PB) in local governments in two Francophone countries, namely, Benin and Niger, and how local contextual factors influence its practices.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs a multiple case study design with a comparative approach to analyze the introduction and practices of participatory budgeting across selected municipalities in Benin and Niger. Hopper (2017) and Lassou et al.’s (2018) notion of “pragmatism” within neopatrimonialism is mobilized to analyze the data from sources including interviews and documents. The analysis is conducted at both the country and local government levels.FindingsParticipatory budgeting took roots in a number of municipalities. Its introduction and adoption has promoted participatory governance especially from traditionally marginalized segments of society (e.g. women); albeit to varying degrees, in the face of the prevailing national neopatrimonial context. Furthermore, despite donor's push for a standardized model of PB implementation, actual practices took varying shapes, a consequence of differing local conditions and circumstances.Research limitations/implicationsIn terms of limitation, it was not possible to access a number of research participants sought, particularly in Niger. But access to key documents from government, donors and civil society organizations help mitigate this to a large extent.Practical implicationsA major practical implication is the importance of adaptation to local socio-economic contexts and circumstances. As shown in the study, a blanket introduction and implementation of PB across societies based on a standardized model is unlikely to succeed and be sustained in the long run. A great deal of flexibility is required to accommodate indigenous realities on the grounds.Originality/valueThe study contributes to shed light on public sector budgeting regarding participatory budgeting practices in an under-researched setting: Francophone Africa.
Are CEOs rewarded for managerial ability? Evidence from nonprofit hospitals
Authors: Zhang Huilan 
Published: February 2023

PurposeMost prior studies investigating determinants of CEO compensation in nonprofit hospitals ignore how managerial ability affects compensation. This study aims to examine whether CEOs with greater ability to manage corporate resources efficiently receive more payment in nonprofit hospitals.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a sample of 764 observations from 85 Pennsylvania nonprofit hospitals for the period 2010–2020.FindingsThis study finds a positive and statistically significant association between managerial ability and CEO compensation. The results are robust to alternative measures of managerial ability.Practical implicationsThe measure of managerial ability proposed in this study could be used by boards of directors to quantify, evaluate and benchmark CEO ability. The results are also relevant to policymakers, stakeholders and the public interested in understanding the determinants of CEO compensation in nonprofits.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to use a more precise measure of managerial ability, which captures the unobserved manager-specific aspects of CEO ability. In addition, this study contributes to the literature by providing evidence that CEO's ability to manage hospital resources efficiently plays an essential role in designing executive compensation contracts.
Managerial ties and learning ambidexterity: the moderating effects of manager service support and employee service rewards
Authors: Liu Dong , Dang Beilei , Zhao Yapu 
Published: February 2023

PurposeManagerial ties (i.e. business ties and political ties) could help manufacturers conduct learning ambidexterity by providing external resources. However, the resource management perspective claims that merely accessing external resources does not guarantee learning ambidexterity. As manufacturers utilize their resources by implementing services, this study aims to investigate how the impact of managerial ties on learning ambidexterity depends on human resource service practices (i.e. manager service support and employee service rewards).Design/methodology/approachThis study collected data from 150 high-tech manufacturing firms through a survey-based questionnaire, which was completed by two managers in one firm. The ordinary least squares regression was employed to test the research model and hypotheses.FindingsBusiness ties hurt learning ambidexterity when manager service support is high, whereas business ties benefit learning ambidexterity when employee service rewards are high. Similar findings are not applied to political ties.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors did not examine the mechanism underlying the effect of managerial ties on learning ambidexterity. The non-significant findings on political ties suggest potential mediators for future research. Another limitation is that the study’s data are only from China. Manager ties are also important in other developing countries like Turkey. More data from other countries are needed to test the generalization of the authors’ findings.Practical implicationsFirst, managers should focus on business ties more than political ties when learning ambidexterity is important to their firms. Second, managers should reward service-oriented employees.Originality/valueThe study enriches the literature on investigating the impact of managerial ties on learning ambidexterity. The authors also contribute to the literature by examining servitization as a service context. Prior studies mainly examine servitization as a driver of firm performance. The findings suggest that servitization as a business context can affect other business activities.
Masking up and the role of the police
Authors: White Clair , Snyder Jamie A. , Tabler Jennifer , Freng Adrienne 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic placed many challenges on policing, from limiting officers' ability to interact with citizens to enforcing regulations to prevent the spread of the virus. One of those regulations, and the focus of the current study, is mask mandates.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of over 550 US adults recruited on Amazon MTurk, the current study examines factors that may influence citizen attitudes toward the police's role in mask enforcement, with a specific focus on perceptions of the police, political leanings, and views about COVID-19 and mask-wearing.FindingsThe authors find that when respondents believed COVID-19 was serious and a major public health threat, they were more likely to believe the police should enforce masks, regardless of attitudes about the police, political party affiliation or other demographics.Originality/valueThe enforcement of public health mandates, such as mask wearing, often result in arguments related to the infringement of rights and questions about the overall legality of enforcement. This often puts law enforcement in a difficult position regarding how such mandates should be enforced and whether it is the responsibility of the police. Additional policy implications are discussed.
Analysis of obtaining apical patency indexes during endodontic treatments considering gender, age, pulpoperiradicular diagnosis and canal/tooth—A clinical study
Authors: Machado Ricardo , de Souza Júnior Claudemir , Nascimento Jaqueline , Elgelke Back Eduardo Donato Eing , Comparin Daniel , Ignácio Sérgio Aparecido , Silva Neto Ulisses Xavier da 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to perform an analysis of obtaining apical patency indexes during endodontic treatments considering gender, age, pulpoperiradicular diagnosis and canal/tooth (n. 639/383). Following previous clinical procedures, a thin K‐File (No. 20, 15, 10 or 08) was used to achieve apical patency. These specific data and some demographic and clinical information were submitted to the statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Significant statistical differences were not identified considering gender (p = 0.156) and age (p = 0.793). However, in 14.6% of the canals of vital teeth and 14.1% of the canals of necrotic teeth without periapical lesions, apical patency could not be achieved, which occurred in only 7% of the canals of necrotic teeth with periradicular disease (p = 0.009). Considering canal/tooth, apical patency was more challenging to obtain in canals of posterior teeth (p = 0.000). The pulpoperiapical diagnosis and canal/tooth significantly influenced the obtaining of apical patency.
Closed reduction and plaster immobilization: an alternative solution for patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip who failed Pavlik harness treatment
Authors: Zhou Ping , Zhang Jianqiang , Dan Tangzi , Xu Taotao , Kang Xiaopeng , Hang Yong , Zhou You 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe current study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of closed reduction and cast immobilization for patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) who failed Pavlik harness treatment.MethodsPatients with DDH who underwent cast immobilization under general anaesthesia after the failure of the Pavlik harness or Tübingen brace treatment between January 2015 and December 2020 were retrospectively recruited. General information, including Graf classification of initial diagnosis, initial treatment, age of cast immobilization, IHDI classification, AI index, avascular necrosis (AVN), and residual dysplasia, was collected. The incidence of AVN and late acetabular dysplasia (LACD) was also estimated. Moreover, factors related to AVN and LACD were investigated by multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsThirty‐four patients (47 hips) were finally included in the current study. Of these patients, 31 hips (66.0%) were successfully treated with closed reduction and cast immobilization. Open reduction was successfully performed in 16 hips (34.0%). Till the latest follow‐up, LACD and AVN were found in 13 (27.7%) and 10 (21.3%) hips, respectively. In the open reduction group, type III and IV of the IHDI classification and type IV of the Ultrasound Graf classification were significantly higher when compared with the closed reduction group. Multiple logistic regression showed that failure of closed reduction was related to the initial types of the Ultrasound Graf and IHDI classifications.ConclusionsAlthough the success rate of closed reduction after early harness failure in DDH is only 66%, we still advocate closed reduction as a first‐line treatment for children who have failed sling treatment. Even if closed reduction fails, open reduction can still achieve acceptable results.
Betaine—The dark knight of the brain
Authors: Bhatt Manan , Di Iacovo Angela , Romanazzi Tiziana , Roseti Cristina , Bossi Elena 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe role of betaine in the liver and kidney has been well documented, even from the cellular and molecular point of view. Despite literature reporting positive effects of betaine supplementation in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and schizophrenia, the role and function of betaine in the brain are little studied and reviewed. Beneficial effects of betaine in neurodegeneration, excitatory and inhibitory imbalance and against oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS) have been collected and analysed to understand the main role of betaine in the brain. There are many ‘dark’ aspects needed to complete the picture. The understanding of how this osmolyte is transported across neuron and glial cells is also controversial, as the expression levels and functioning of the known protein capable to transport betaine expressed in the brain, betaine‐GABA transporter 1 (BGT‐1), is itself not well clarified. The reported actions of betaine beyond BGT‐1 related to neuronal degeneration and memory impairment are the focus of this work. With this review, we underline the scarcity of detailed molecular and cellular information about betaine action. Consequently, the requirement of detailed focus on and study of the interaction of this molecule with CNS components to sustain the therapeutic use of betaine.
Geographic differences in Blainville's beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris) echolocation clicks
Authors: Baumann‐Pickering Simone , Trickey Jennifer S. , Solsona‐Berga Alba , Rice Ally , Oleson Erin M. , Hildebrand John A. , Frasier Kaitlin E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimUnderstanding cetacean species' distributions and population structure over space and time is necessary for effective conservation and management. Geographic differences in acoustic signals may provide a line of evidence for population‐level discrimination in some cetacean species. We use acoustic recordings collected over broad spatial and temporal scales to investigate whether global variability in echolocation click peak frequency could elucidate population structure in Blainville's beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris), a cryptic species well‐studied acoustically.LocationNorth Pacific, Western North Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico.Time period2004–2021.Major taxa studiedBlainville's beaked whale.MethodsPassive acoustic data were collected at 76 sites and 150 cumulative years of data were analysed to extract beaked whale echolocation clicks. Using an automated detector and subsequent weighted network clustering on spectral content and interclick interval of clicks, we determined the properties of a primary cluster of clicks with similar characteristics per site. These were compared within regions and across ocean basins and evaluated for suitability as population‐level indicators.ResultsSpectral averages obtained from primary clusters of echolocation clicks identified at each site were similar in overall shape but varied in peak frequency by up to 8 kHz. We identified a latitudinal cline, with higher peak frequencies occurring in lower latitudes.Main conclusionsIt may be possible to acoustically delineate populations of Blainville's beaked whales. The documented negative correlation between signal peak frequency and latitude could relate to body size. Body size has been shown to influence signal frequency, with lower frequencies produced by larger animals, which are subsequently more common in higher latitudes for some species, although data are lacking to adequately investigate this for beaked whales. Prey size and depth may shape frequency content of echolocation signals, and larger prey items may occur in higher latitudes, resulting in lower signal frequencies of their predators.
Why do healthcare researchers in South Asia publish in predatory journals? A scoping review
Authors: Kashyap Komal , Islam Asmat Ara , Gielen Joris 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPredatory journals offer the promise of prompt publication to those willing to pay the article submission or processing fee. However, these journals do not offer rigorous peer review. Studies have shown that a substantial share of corresponding authors in predatory journals come from South Asia, particularly India. This scoping review aims to assess what is known about the reasons why healthcare researchers working in South Asia publish in predatory journals. 66 reports (14 editorials, 20 letters, 5 research reports, 10 opinion articles, 14 reviews, 2 commentaries and 1 news report) were included in the data charting and analysis. The analysis of the reports identified three main reasons that made South Asian healthcare researchers publish in predatory journals: pressure to publish, lack of research support, and pseudo benefits. The review shows that predatory publishing in South Asia is a complex phenomenon. Combating predatory publications requires a holistic strategy that supersedes merely blacklisting these journals or listing criteria for journals that do meet academic standards.
Extreme poverty first: An argument on the equitable distribution of the COVID‐19 vaccine in Peru
Authors: Yabar Carlos Augusto 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEffective vaccines for COVID‐19 are already available to humankind. In Peru, 86 million doses were administered to cover the demand for 33 million Peruvian people. Hence, vaccination has been prioritized in groups: health personnel, subjects with pre‐existing health conditions and those over 65 years of age. However, given the social problems and the public health situation in Peru, this work defends that the priority of vaccination should be focused on the population living in extreme poverty. The method used was an ethical argumentation on the distribution of scarce antiSARS‐CoV2 vaccine in Peru. This argument is based on the analysis of the Peruvian population living in extreme poverty, which presents different layers of vulnerability, and that, in the face of an eventual SARS‐CoV2 infection, these would be exacerbated one after the other, through a cascade effect. This scenario would give rise to new vulnerabilities to those already existing, causing greater damage. Vaccination efforts on this key population would give them the opportunity to continue to find ways to bring food to their homes, significantly reducing the risk of contagion in their environment and mitigating the devastating effect of the local diseases to which they are already exposed. Four objections related to this argument are raised with their corresponding responses. Priority access to the vaccine would significantly reduce the humanitarian harm to people living in extreme poverty, prevailing the principles of justice and equity.
Online media experiences of caregiving fathers: A study of leave‐taking fathers in South Korea
Authors: Lee Youngcho 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis work aims to document the different ways in which leave‐taking fathers in South Korea engage with online media to address some of their challenges as male primary caregivers.BackgroundAlthough involved and caring fathers are becoming more common, childcare responsibilities still remain gendered. To equalize the gendered division of childcare, there is a need to gain a better understanding of the cultural barriers that fathers face in caring for their children and the ways that fathers could be supported, including through informal online communities.MethodsThis article qualitatively analyzes semistructured interviews with fathers in Korea as well as posts from blogs by parents of young children about their experiences of taking parental leave and being a primary caregiver for their children.ResultsCaregiving fathers experience similar exclusion and isolation in offline and online spheres from both communities dominated by mothers and those dominated by men who do not identify as caregivers. However, by engaging in online media communities for caregiving fathers, they learn to be better caregivers, connect with other fathers, and influence other parents through their online activities. Although such online activities allow fathers to address their various struggles as male caregivers, some fathers voiced reservations and critiques of online communities.ConclusionIn general, most fathers reported positive experiences from online activities that allowed them to address their experiences of exclusion as male caregivers, but there remains room for greater inclusion and accessibility for fathers.ImplicationsThere is a need for online communities to become more diverse, better promoted, more inclusive, and more easily accessible for fathers.
The frequency of dysplastic branching crypts in colorectal polypoid tubular adenomas
Authors: Rubio Carlos A. , Vieth Michael , Lang‐Schwarz Corinna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDysplastic crypt branching (DCB) was recently found in ulcerative colitis‐associated dysplasia. The aim was to assess the frequency and the branching phenotype of DCB in polypoid colorectal tubular adenomas (TA). A total of 3956 DCB were found in the 139 TA: 98% were in asymmetric branching (DCAB) and the remaining 2% in symmetric branching (DCSB). A linear correlation was found between DCB frequency and the increasing digital size in TA (p < .05). Using a digital ruler, adenomas were divided into small TA (<5 mm) and larger TA (≥5 mm). The difference between the frequency of DCB in small TA (n = 75) vs. larger TA (n = 64), was significant (p < .05). DCB frequency was not influenced by age, gender or TA localization. In the normal colorectal mucosa (≈2 m2), only occasional CSB is found and no CAB. And yet, multiple DCB (mean 16.7 DCB), mostly DCAB, was found in small TA, occupying <5 mm of the mucosal area. In larger TA, as many as 42.1 DCB (mean), mostly DCAB, occurred in merely 7.8 mm (mean) of the colon mucosa. Thus it is suggested that DCB is a standard histologic element of TA. The natural expansion of the adenomatous tissue in larger TA appears to be follow on from newly produced, mostly DCAB, by DCSB and by the accumulation of their dysplastic offspring's progenies. The findings strongly suggest that DCB is a central microstructure in the histological events unfolding in polypoid colorectal TA.
Multicenter prospective observational study of dupilumab‐induced ocular events in atopic dermatitis patients
Authors: Costedoat Ingrid , Wallaert Martin , Gaultier Aurelie , Vasseur Robin , Vanhaecke Clelia , Viguier Manuelle , Cordelette Charles , Denoyer Alexandre , Ferrier le Bouëdec Marie‐Christine , Coutu Adrien , Lamiaux Marie , Tran Thi Ha Châu , Lacour Jean Philippe , Elmaleh Valerie , Tetart Florence , Gueudry Julie , Tauber Marie , Giordano‐Labadie Francoise , Cassagne Myriam , Nosbaum Audrey , Ouilhon Coralie , Jachiet Marie , Tadayoni Ramin , Dezoteux Frederic , Staumont‐Salle Delphine , Bouleau Julien , Labalette Pierre , Doan Serge , Soria Angele , Mortemousque Bruno , Seneschal Julien , Barbarot Sebastien ,   FRench Atopic DErmatitis Network from the Groupe de Recherche sur l'Eczema Atopique (GREAT), France
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough ocular adverse events are frequent in AD patients treated with dupilumab, their characterization remains limited due to a lack of prospective studies with a systematic ophthalmological examination.ObjectiveTo examine the incidence, characteristics and risk factors of dupilumab‐induced ocular adverse events.MethodsA prospective, multicenter, and real‐life study in adult AD patients treated with dupilumab.ResultsAt baseline, 27 out of 181 patients (14.9%) had conjunctivitis. At week 16 (W16), 25 out of 27 had improved their conjunctivitis and 2 remained stable and 34 out of 181 patients (18.7%) had dupilumab‐induced blepharoconjunctivitis: either de novo (n = 32) or worsening of underlying blepharoconjunctivitis (n = 2). Most events (27/34; 79.4%) were moderate. A multivariate analysis showed that head and neck AD (OR = 7.254; 95%CI [1.938–30.07]; p = 0.004), erythroderma (OR = 5.635; 95%CI [1.635–21.50]; p = 0.007) and the presence of dry eye syndrome at baseline (OR = 3.51; 95%CI [3.158–13.90]; p = 0.031) were independent factors associated with dupilumab‐induced blepharoconjunctivitis.LimitationsOur follow‐up period was 16 weeks and some late‐onset time effects may still occur.ConclusionThis study showed that most dupilumab‐induced blepharoconjunctivitis cases are de novo. AD severity and conjunctivitis at baseline were not found to be associated risk factors in this study.
Minimum wage spillover effects and social welfare in a model of stochastic job matching
Authors: Nanos Panagiotis 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, I carry out a welfare analysis of the minimum wage in the framework of a Diamond–Mortensen–Pissarides model with stochastic job matching. I explore the role of the minimum wage in a labor market with trading externalities and present the necessary and sufficient condition for a minimum wage hike to be efficiency enhancing. In this context, I characterize minimum wage spillover effects and demonstrate that there is a direct link between the welfare effects and spillover effects of a minimum wage. This theoretical finding suggests that the welfare impact of minimum wage changes can be inferred from the empirical observation of spillover effects on the wage distribution.