bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the baiting strategy for oral vaccine delivery to wild boar
Authors: Pachauri Richa , Martínez-Guijosa Jordi , Ferreras-Colino Elisa , Ferreres Javier , Relimpio David 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Baits are a means of orally delivering toxicants, medicaments or chemical markers to wild boar and feral pigs (Sus scrofa). We tested three bait types, the paraffin-feed-sugar based IREC bait (green and colorant-free versions), a puffed leguminous bait with the same flavoring as the IREC bait (Flavor), and a plain puffed leguminous bait without flavoring (Plain). Baits were deployed in a fenced hunting estate with year-round feeding to assess bait type preference and study the effect of bait flavoring and coloring, pre-feeding, baiting device, and habituation on bait consumption and bait selectivity. Baits were deployed under heavy pavel stones, targeting adult wild boar, or in piglet-selective feeders. The main bait consumer was the wild boar (IREC 54%; Flavor 15%; Plain 16%) followed by Azure-winged magpies (Cyanopica cooki; IREC 11%; Flavor 8%; Plain 17%). The most consumed bait was IREC (n = 164; 71%, mean 4.1 baits per site/day), followed by Flavor (102; 40%; 2.5) and Plain (70; 29%; 1.7). Pre-feeding increased bait consumption of all bait types (IREC 92%; Flavor 63%; Plain 40%). IREC baits were more consumed when deployed under stones (86%) than when deployed in piglet feeders (57%), while no difference between baiting devices was observed for Flavor and Plain baits. Birds preferred color-free baits (consumption ratio of 10% for color-free baits and 0% for green baits), while no other animal showed color preference. We suggest using green IREC-type baits, deployed after pre-baiting using species- and age-specific baiting devices.
Circadian rhythm dysregulation aggravates adipose tissue depletion in heart failure-induced cachexia
Authors: Ma Dufang , Qu Yiwei , Wu Tao , Liu Xue , Cai Lu , Wang Yong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The circadian clock is involved in lipid metabolism in adipocytes. The impairment of circadian clocks is a major cause of metabolic diseases, but the pathophysiological role of the circadian clock in adipose tissue depletion, in cachexia, remains unclear. To address this issue, we investigated the effects of circadian clock misalignment on adipose tissue metabolism in cardiac cachexia.
Methods
We produced cardiac cachexia rat models through injection of monocrotaline (MCT), which caused pulmonary hypertension-induced heart failure (HF). Cardiac function was measured by echocardiography. The histological features in fat and liver tissue were observed by H&E staining, Oil Red O staining and Picrosirius red staining. Immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting and RT‒qPCR were used to detect markers of lipolysis, lipogenesis and beiging of adipose tissue in white adipose tissue (WAT) and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT).
Results
We found that rats with MCT injection exhibited right and left ventricular dysfunction. Compared with rats in the control group, rats housed in the light: dark cycle (LD group) exhibited disrupted circadian rhythm reflected by increased BMAL1 protein and decreased REV-ERBα. Meanwhile, these rats displayed decreased adipose mass and increased ectopic lipid deposition; moreover, smaller adipocytes and reduced lipid contents as well as increased extracellular matrix were found. In WAT, rats in the LD group exhibited elevated PKA-mediated lipolysis and WAT browning, while lipid storage was decreased as lipogenesis was inhibited. Meanwhile, in BAT, PKA-mediated thermogenesis was increased. NT-proBNP levels in blood and NE and IL-6 contents in adipose tissue were higher in the LD group than in the control group. Remarkably, compared with rats in the LD group, rats with circadian misalignment in the DL group and LV-Bmal1 shRNA group exhibited aggravated lipolysis and WAT browning, inhibited lipid storage in WAT, and elevated PKA-mediated thermogenesis in BAT. Moreover, rats in the DL group and LV-Bmal1 shRNA group showed higher levels of NT-proBNP in blood and NE and IL-6 contents in adipose tissue than rats in the LD group.
Conclusion
Our study suggested that a disrupted circadian rhythm aggravated fat wasting in patients with HF-induced cachexia by increasing lipolysis, preventing lipid storage in WAT and promoting beiging/brown adipocyte thermogenesis. This result indicated that stabilizing adipose tissue rhythms may help to combat disrupted energy homeostasis and alleviate excessive adipose tissue expenditure in HF-induced cachexia.
Seismic kernel matrix and the effect of a surface receiver array on the condition number
Authors: Landschulze Marcus 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Moment tensor inversion is a valuable tool for understanding what is happening below the surface during hydraulic fracturing or reservoir monitoring. The reliability of the inversion is critical to estimating the source mechanism, and the condition number is used as a measure of accuracy. The lower the condition number, the better the inversion. But how to estimate the maximum condition number to provide a reliable inversion result? I present 3D simulation results of the condition number around the source location and how real seafloor noise and the receiver position error affect the inversion misfit. These simulation results can be used for planning seismic monitoring projects to find an optimal array geometry and to evaluate the inversion accuracy at a given target area.
Earthquake risk assessment using OpenQuake and GIS: A case study of Cyprus.
Authors: Azizi Amir , Yaghoobi Mahdi , Kamel Reza 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

In recent times, earthquakes have surpassed droughts and floods as the most devastating natural disasters. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to evaluate, analyze, and simulate the seismic vulnerability of Cyprus. The outcomes will be invaluable for humanitarian and governmental organizations in the face of large-scale calamities, as well as for implementing preventive measures to mitigate earthquake impacts. To achieve this, the research focused on assessing the seismic vulnerability of buildings in Cyprus through seismic hazard analysis and the development of vulnerability curves. Two scenarios were employed to determine the potential damage caused by ground accelerations on different structures and elements. The proposed methodology offers effective solutions for disaster management and risk reduction in the region, offering a comprehensive evaluation of the seismic vulnerability of buildings in Cyprus. Additionally, a risk analysis map was utilized to estimate the seismic losses incurred by the buildings under investigation. The results indicate that, on average, the first and second earthquake scenarios resulted in structural damage percentages of 29% and 43% respectively. Moreover, simulation results indicate that, in the worst-case scenario, approximately 2% of the buildings in Cyprus could be destroyed. These findings provide valuable insights for reducing the vulnerability of buildings in Cyprus to earthquake events.
Geotechnical changes of Thypha domingensis fiber-derived geotextile under degradation due to climatic variables
Authors: Holanda Francisco Sandro Rodrigues , Santos Luiz Diego Vidal , De Melo Jeangela Carla Rodrigues , Boge Gizelio Menezes , Sussuchi Eliana Midori , Nascimento Brenno Lima , Santos Marcos Vinícius Quirino dos , de Oliveira Marla Ibrahim Uehbe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Geotextiles made from plant fibers creates a suitable environment for plant growth as part of soil bioengineering techniques. The faster decomposition of plant fiber geotextiles compared to synthetic ones demands the use of composites that enhance their waterproofing and extend their durability in the environment. The objective of this work was to assess the resistance of a geotextile made with Thypha domingensis to degradation caused by climatic variables. Tensile strength tests were conducted in the laboratory in order to evaluate the degradation of geotextiles treated with single and double layers of waterproofing resin. Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images, it was verified that applying waterproofing resin twice delays the degradation of the fibers for up to 120 days of exposure to the effects of climatic variables other than temperature. The maximum resistance losses due to the geotextile's exposure to degradation were statistically significant for the all three treatments: control-without waterproofing resin, with one layer of resin, and with two layers of resin. Therefore, waterproofing resin, as a low-cost material, provides a long-term protective solution for geotextiles made from cattail fibers.
Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis in pediatric patients: a case series of 7 patients
Authors: Hu Minhua , Zeng WenXing , Tang XinTao , Huang Feng , Xiong Hao , Fang Bing , Li Yue 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background:
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare auto-inflammatory disorder that often eludes accurate diagnosis due to its atypical symptomatology. This retrospective study aims to investigate the clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, imaging characteristics, and therapeutic approaches employed in the management of CRMO among pediatric patients.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of seven pediatric patients diagnosed with CRMO, who sought treatment at the Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, between January 2018 and February 2022. The objective was to enhance clinicians' comprehension of CRMO through an in-depth exploration of pertinent clinical data.
Results:
The study cohort consisted of five males and two females, with a median age of 12 years (range: 3-13 years). The median duration from symptom onset to hospital admission was 6 months (range: 1.5-24 months). All patients presented with recurrent pain, accompanied by manifestations such as hypothermia (14.28%), swelling (42.85%), localized elevated skin temperature (42.85%), and plantar pustules (14.28%). The femur (71.42%) and tibia (71.42%) were the most frequently affected bones. Radiographic and computed tomography (CT) imaging unveiled osteosclerosis and osteolytic lesions, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed evidence of bone marrow edema. Histological examination of bone biopsies from four patients demonstrated conspicuous fibrous tissue hyperplasia, along with lymphocytic and neutrophilic infiltration, despite negative bacterial culture results. Laboratory assessments unveiled predominantly normal or slightly elevated indices. Symptomatic remission was achieved in six patients (85.72%) following nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy, whereas one patient (14.28%) exhibited resistance to NSAID treatment but exhibited a favorable response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor therapy.
Conclusions:
The clinical presentation of CRMO lacks specificity, with unexplained bone pain emerging as the most prevalent symptom. Accurate diagnosis and timely intervention heavily rely on meticulous MRI evaluation, facilitating lesion detection and bolstering the diagnostic yield of CRMO. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, imaging characteristics, and therapeutic strategies employed in the management of CRMO among pediatric patients.
Receipt of seasonal malaria chemoprevention by age-ineligible children and associated factors in nine implementation states in Nigeria
Authors: Ibinaiye Taiwo , Rotimi Kunle , Balogun Ayodeji , Aidenagbon Adaeze , Oguoma Chibuzo , Rassi Christian , Baker Kevin , Oresanya Olusola , Nnaji Chuks 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: As part of implementation quality standards, community distributors are expected to ensure that only age-eligible children (aged 3 – 59 months) receive seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) medicines during monthly campaigns. There is uncertainty about the extent to which SMC medicines are administered to ineligible children. This study therefore aimed to assess the magnitude of this occurrence, while exploring the factors associated with it across nine states where SMC was delivered in Nigeria during the 2022 round.
Methods: We extracted data from representative end-of-round SMC household surveys and analyzed data of 3,299 caregiver-child pairs sampled from nine SMC-implementing states in Nigeria. Prevalence of receipt of SMC medicines by ineligible children was described by child-, caregiver- and SMC-related factors. Mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to explore the factors associated with the occurrence.
Results: 30.30% (95% CI: 27.80 – 32.90) of ineligible children sampled received at least one dose of SMC medicines in 2022, the majority (60.60%) of whom were aged 5-6 years while the rest were aged 7-10 years. We observed higher odds of an age-ineligible child receiving SMC among caregivers who had poor knowledge of SMC age eligibility (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.24 – 2.57, p=0.002), compared with those who were knowledgeable of age eligibility. Higher odds of receipt of SMC were also found among age-ineligible children whose caregivers had higher confidence in the protective effect of SMC against malaria (OR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.3 – 4.2, p=0.007), compared with those whose caregivers were less confident. Conversely, ineligible children whose caregivers were older than 20 years had lower odds of receiving SMC than those whose caregivers were younger; with lower odds among children of caregivers aged 20-29 years (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28 – 0.81, p = 0.007), 30-39 years (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.24 – 0.69, p=0.001), and 40-49 years (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.29 – 0.91, p=0.024).
Conclusions: This study contributes important evidence on the magnitude of the receipt of SMC by age-ineligible children, while identifying individual and contextual factors associated with it. The findings provide potentially useful insights that can help inform and guide context-specific SMC implementation quality improvement efforts.
3D Network-On-Chip Data Acquisition System Mapping Based on Reinforcement Learning and Improved Attention Mechanism
Authors: Xu Chuanpei , Shi Xiuli , Wang Yang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The 3D Network-on-Chip (NoC) data acquisition system utilizes NoC technology to establish a time-interleaved data acquisition system The mapping scheme determines the location of each Intellectual Property (IP) node in the NoC topology. The optimization of the mapping algorithm is one of the important means to reduce the communication delay of the acquisition system. The abundance of functional IP nodes in the 3D NoC data acquisition system creates a mapping challenge. To address this, we propose a mapping algorithm called Reinforcement Learning and an improved Attention Mechanism Mapping algorithm (RA-Map). The RA-Map mapping algorithm employs node function encoding and node position encoding to express the properties of an IP node in the task graph preprocessing. The local attention mechanism is used in the mapping network encoder, and the fusion of dynamic key node information is proposed in the decoder. The mapping result evaluation network achieves unsupervised training of the mapping network. These targeted improvements ultimately lead to an enhancement in mapping quality. Experimental results demonstrate that when compared to the discrete particle swarm algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, the RA-Map mapping algorithm reduces the average communication cost by 6.5% and 8.5%, respectively. Furthermore, while ensuring mapping quality, it also shortens the mapping time.
Intelligent Detection and Assessment of Damaged Buildings using UAV Imagery and YOLOv8
Authors: Azizi A. , Yaghoobi M. , Kamel S. R. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
To improve disaster response and recovery, there is an increasing need for precise and rapid assessment of seismic building damage in urban communities through large-scale optical sensing. Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and advanced object detection algorithms have been increasingly adopted for rapid and accurate damage assessment. In this study, a method for post-disaster building location and damage assessment was developed using deep learning techniques. Specifically, we investigated the You Only Look Once (YOLOv8) object detection algorithm and its potential use for processing optical images obtained from UAVs. To achieve this, we consider a RescueNet image dataset that comprises 4494 images with a resolution of 3000 by 4000 pixels captured by UAVs in the aftermath of Hurricane Michael's landfall near Mexico Beach, Florida which we utilized 1603 images related to our project in this article. According to our experiments with different model configurations and data processing pipelines, object detection accuracy for damage assessment is 85% for buildings in different locations. The proposed method was qualitatively found to have a very good performance on densely distributed small buildings, demonstrating the potential of computer vision in UAV datasets for large-scale disaster management.
Mannose-Doped Metal-Organic Frameworks Induce Tumor Cell Pyroptosis Via the PERK Pathway
Authors: jin nianqiang , Wang Binhang , Liu Xinyao , Yin Chengcheng , Li Xing , Wang Zilin , Chen Xi , Liu Yunling , Bu Wenhuan , Sun Hongchen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The induction of pyroptosis holds great promise as a strategy for improving the tumor immune microenvironment. Previous pyroptosis inducers have faced limitations, including drug resistance, toxic side effects, and a lack of targeting capabilities. As a result, there is a growing demand for tumor therapeutic molecules that can overcome these obstacles. With this in mind, the objective of this study is to develop a multifunctional nanospheres that addresses these challenges by enabling high-precision targeting of tumor cells and effective pyroptosis induction.
Results
We prepared a mannose-modified MOF called mannose-doped Fe3O4@NH2-MIL-100, referred to as M-FNM. M-FNM has the ability to enter CAL27 cells through MR-mediated endocytosis, which results in a significant increase in intracellular ROS levels. This increase subsequently triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and activates the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP signaling pathway. CHOP then mediates the downstream cascade of Caspase-1, inducing pyroptosis. In in vivo experiments, M-FNM demonstrates excellent targeting ability and exhibits anti-tumor effects. Additionally, M-FNM reshapes the immune microenvironment by promoting the infiltration of anti-tumor immune cells, primarily T lymphocytes.
Conclusions
M-FNM significantly decreased tumor growth. This novel approach of inducing pyroptosis in tumor cells using M-FNM may offer new avenues for the development of effective immunotherapies for cancer treatment.
Establishing and Validation of the VBV Score for Assessing Lung Ground-Glass Nodules based on High-Resolution Computed Tomography
Authors: Zhou Yuwei , Cao Xiaoqing , Gu Haiyong , Gao Shenhu , Wu Yuxuan , Li Haoyang , Xiong Bing , Dong Haiyang , Lv Yan , Yang Rong , Wu Yihe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The widespread utilization of chest High-resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) has prompted detection of pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGNs) in otherwise asymptomatic individuals. We aimed to establish a simple clinical risk score model for assessing GGNs based on HRCT.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 574 GGNs in 574 patients undergoing HOOK-WIRE puncture and pulmonary nodule surgery from January 2014 to November 2018. Clinical characteristics and imaging features of the GGNs were assessed. We analyzed the differences between malignant and benign nodules using binary logistic regression analysis and constructed a simple risk score model, the VBV Score, for predicting the malignancy status of GGNs. Then, we validated this model via other 1200 GGNs in 1041 patients collected from three independent clinical centers in 2022.
Results
For the exploratory phase of this study, out of the 574 GGNs, 481 were malignant and 93 were benign. Vacuole sign, air bronchogram, and intra-nodular vessel sign were important indicators of malignancy in GGNs. Then, we derived a VBV Score = vacuole sign + air bronchogram + intra-nodular vessel sign, to predict the malignancy of GGNs, with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 95.6%, 80.6%, and 93.2%, respectively. We also validated it on other 1200 GGNs, with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 96.0%, 82.6%, and 95.0%, respectively.
Conclusions
Vacuole sign, air bronchogram, and intra-nodular vessel sign were important indicators of malignancy in GGNs. VBV Score showed good sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary GGNs.
Modeling population pharmacokinetics of morniflumate in healthy Korean men: Extending pharmacometrics analysis to niflumic acid, its major active metabolite
Authors: Jeong Seung-Hyun , Jang Ji-Hun , Lee Yong-Bok 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to quantify and explain inter-subject variability in morniflumate pharmacokinetics and identify effective covariates through population pharmacokinetic modeling. Models were constructed using bioequivalence pharmacokinetic results from healthy Korean males and individual physiological and biochemical parameters. Additionally, we incorporated previously reported pharmacokinetic results of niflumic acid, a major active metabolite of morniflumate, to extend the established population pharmacokinetic model and predict niflumic acid pharmacokinetics. Moreover, we used quantitative reports of leukotriene B4(LTB4) synthesis inhibition in response to niflumic acid exposure to predict drug efficacy using Sigmoid Emaxmodel. Population pharmacokinetic profiles of morniflumate were described using a multi-absorption (5-sequential) two-compartment model, and analysis of inter-individual variability suggested that volume of distribution in peripheral compartment was correlated with body mass index (BMI). Model simulation results showed that individuals with lower BMI had higher plasma concentrations of morniflumate and niflumic acid, resulting in increased and sustained inhibition of LTB4synthesis. Under steady-state conditions, average plasma concentrations of morniflumate and niflumic acid were 2.66–2.68 times higher in group with a BMI of 17.36 kg/m2compared to group with a BMI of 28.41 kg/m2. Additionally, inhibition of LTB4synthesis was 1.02 times higher in group with a BMI of 17.36 kg/m2compared to group with a BMI of 28.41 kg/m2, and the fluctuation was significantly reduced from 6.06–0.01%. These findings suggest that the concentration of active metabolite in plasma following morniflumate exposure was lower in the obese group compared to normal group, thus potentially reducing the drug's efficacy.