bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal reciprocal associations between student–teacher relationship quality and verbal and relational bullying victimization
Authors: Forsberg Camilla , Sjögren Björn , Thornberg Robert , Hong Jun Sung , Longobardi Claudio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTeachers have a major impact on students’ social cognition and behaviors, and previous research has found that students who have positive relationships with their teachers tend to be less bullied by their peers. However, this line of research is limited in that it has been (a) Dominated by cross-sectional studies and (b) Treated bullying victimization as a global construct without differentiating among its different forms (i.e., verbal, physical, and relational). The links might be reciprocal but further studies are needed to investigate the directionality. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations between student–teacher relationship quality and two forms of bullying victimization, namely verbal and relational victimization. Three waves of data from 1885 Swedish fourth- through sixth-grade students were analyzed with cross-lagged panel models. The findings showed that the student–teacher relationship quality predicted and was predicted by verbal and relational victimization. Our findings thus underscore the importance of striving for caring, warm, supportive, and respectful student–teacher relationships as a component of schools’ prevention efforts.
A robust MRI-based brain tumor classification via a hybrid deep learning technique
Authors: Nassar Shaimaa E. , Yasser Ibrahim , Amer Hanan M. , Mohamed Mohamed A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe brain is the most vital component of the neurological system. Therefore, brain tumor classification is a very challenging task in the field of medical image analysis. There has been a qualitative leap in the field of artificial intelligence, deep learning, and their medical imaging applications in the last decade. The importance of this remarkable development has emerged in the field of biomedical engineering due to the sensitivity and seriousness of the issues related to it. The use of deep learning in the field of detecting and classifying tumors in general and brain tumors in particular using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a crucial factor in the accuracy and speed of diagnosis. This is due to its great ability to deal with huge amounts of data and avoid errors resulting from human intervention. The aim of this research is to develop an efficient automated approach for classifying brain tumors to assist radiologists instead of consuming time looking at several images for a precise diagnosis. The proposed approach is based on 3064 T1-weighted contrast-enhanced brain MR images (T1W-CE MRI) from 233 patients. In this study, the proposed system is based on the results of five different models to use the combined potential of multiple models, trying to achieve promising results. The proposed system has led to a significant improvement in the results, with an overall accuracy of 99.31%.
Does lying require objective falsity?
Authors: Wiegmann Alex 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDoes lying require objective falsity? Given that consistency with ordinary language is a desideratum of a philosophical definition of lying, empirical evidence plays an important role. A literature review reveals that studies employing a simple question-and-response format, such as “Did the speaker lie? [Yes/No]”, favour the subjective view of lying, according to which objective falsity is not required. However, it has recently been claimed that the rate of lie attributions found in those studies is artificially inflated due to perspective taking; and that if measures are applied to avoid this problem, the results actually support the objective view of lying. This paper presents three experiments that challenge this claim by showing that the findings used to support the objective view have been misinterpreted. It is thus concluded that the folk concept of lying does not require objective falsity, which is consistent with the dominant view in the philosophical literature.
Trait driven or neutral: understanding the change in functional trait diversity during early plant succession using Price partitions
Authors: Ulrich Werner , Zaplata Markus Klemens 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHabitat filtering, species interactions and neutral colonization as well as extinction dynamics govern the sequence of community assembly and functional diversity (FD) during primary plant succession. To study the factors that influence changes in FD we here use data on plant seed size, seed numbers and specific leaf area from 107 study plots along a 7 year sequence of primary succession (2005–2011) in a 6 ha German artificial catchment. We show that the temporal variability in functional diversity can be partitioned into the effects of trait expression, species richness and plant cover. We observed a dominant role of species richness and community composition on FD. Trade-offs in the influence of species richness and plant cover tended to decrease the change in FD. Average FD steadily increased during the first 4 years of succession (2005–2008). The degree of annual changes in FD were highly plot specific. Average change in FD was comparatively low during the first 4 years and later high. Soil characteristics and light conditions did not significantly influence the detectable change in functional diversity. We conclude that the high plot-specific spatial variability of the annual changes in FD transformed the initially catchment-wide homogeneous distribution of plant species into a mosaic of very different local plant communities. Our partitioning results also indicate that the successional sequences in FD are in accordance with a hidden Markov series.
Butterflies as bioindicators of metal contamination
Authors: Pallottini Matteo , Goretti Enzo , Argenti Chiara , La Porta Gianandrea , Tositti Laura , Dinelli Enrico , Moroni Beatrice , Petroselli Chiara , Gravina Paola , Selvaggi Roberta , Cappelletti David 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnthropogenic trace metal contamination has significantly increased and has caused many hazardous consequences for the ecosystems and human health. The Terni basin valley (Central Italy) shows a heavy load of pollutants from industrial activities, while the characteristic orography structure of the valley favours air stagnation, thus limiting air pollution dispersal. The present study conducted in 2014 aimed to determine the concentration of ten metals in five species of butterflies at nine sites in the Terni valley along a 21-km-long transect, including both relatively pristine and industrial areas. At sites where soil contamination was high for a given metal, such as for chromium as in the case of site 4 (the closest to the steel plant) and for lead as in the case of site 2 (contaminated by a firing range), higher levels of contamination were observed in the tissues of butterflies. We found a correlation between soil contamination and the concentration of Cr, Al and Sr in the tissues of some species of butterflies. The sensitivity to contamination differed among the five species; in particular, Coenonympha pamphilus was generally the species that revealed the highest concentrations of all the ten trace metals at the sites closer to the industrial area. It is known that C. pamphilus is a sedentary species and that its host plants are the Poaceae, capable of accumulating high quantities of metals in their rhizosphere region, thus providing the link with soil contamination. Therefore, monitoring the metal concentration levels in butterflies might be a good indicator and a control tool of environmental quality, specifically in areas affected by high anthropogenic pollution loads linked to a specific source.
Asymmetric Cross-Shaped Optical Antennas with Wide Spectral Tunability and High Optical Cross-Sections
Authors: Bralović Nikola , Lemmer Uli , Hussein Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

AbstractResonant optical antennas (ROAs) are nanodevices that can enhance the electromagnetic field in their vicinity and scatter the light in the far field. The enhanced field is localized in subdiffraction-limited volume. Their ability to exhibit strong field enhancement in the gap makes them suitable for coupling with quantum emitters. This paper introduced two novel bimodal and triple-modal asymmetric cross-shaped optical nanoantenna designs. The performance of the reported nanoantennas is numerically studied via the finite element method (FEM). The electric field enhancements and optical cross-sections are calculated to characterize the performance of the designs. These nanoantennas are low-symmetry and polarization-sensitive devices. Furthermore, the reported plasmonic nanostructures exhibit two or three tunable resonances in the optical and near-infrared wavelength regions with ultra-high field enhancement. The reported coupled cross-shaped exhibits a field enhancement of 45.9 for the high-energy resonance and 149.4 for the low-energy resonance, respectively, on $$\left|{E}_{\mathrm{TOT}}\right|/\left|{E}_{\mathrm{IN}}\right|$$

E
TOT

/

E
IN

scale.
The Foundations of Autistic Flourishing
Authors: Pellicano Elizabeth , Heyworth Melanie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
All people—including Autistic people—deserve to live flourishing lives. But what does a flourishing life look like for Autistic people? We suggest that the hidden biases, methodological errors, and key assumptions of autism science have obscured answers to this question. Here, we seek to initiate a broader discussion about what the foundations for a good Autistic life might be and how this discussion might be framed.

Recent Findings
We identify five ways in which autism science can help us all to secure those foundations, including by (1) giving Autistic well-being prominence in research, (2) amplifying Autistic autonomy, (3) attending better to everyday experiences, (4) acknowledging context, and (5) working in partnership with Autistic people and their families and allies to ensure that they are at the heart of research decision-making.

Summary
Such an approach would direct the focus of autism research to help shape good Autistic lives.
On the Stability of Minimal Submanifolds in Conformal Spheres
Authors: Franz Giada , Trinca Federico 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGiven an n-dimensional Riemannian sphere conformal to the round one and $$\delta $$
δ
-pinched, we show that it does not contain any closed stable minimal submanifold of dimension $$2\le k\le n-\delta ^{-1}$$

2
≤
k
≤
n
-

δ

-
1

.
Αpplication of Aspergillus niger for Extracellular Tannase and Gallic Acid Production in Non-sterile Table Olive Processing Wastewaters
Authors: Papadaki Eugenia , Mantzouridou Fani Th. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAspergillus niger B60 was screened for the first time toward extracellular tannase and gallic acid production by submerged fermentation using synthetic media supplemented with tannic acid as the sole carbon source at a wide concentration range (5–150 g/L). Maximum tannase (47 IU/mL) and gallic acid production (36 g/L) was obtained at initial tannic acid concentration 100 g/L. For this study, it was of interest to valorize non-sterile table olive processing wastewaters for fungal tannase production. In particular, lye and washing water effluents from Spanish-style green olive processing enriched with 100 g/L tannic acid provided effective alternative substrates for the production of tannase (21 IU/mL and 17 IU/mL, respectively) and gallic acid (22 g/L and 14 g/L, respectively). The fungal growth and tannase production kinetics were described by the Logistic and Luedeking–Piret models, respectively. The maximum dry biomass content and the maximum specific growth rate were more pronounced in the tannic acid-rich effluents (16–18 g/L and 0.5–0.6 1/h, respectively) than in the synthetic medium (11 g/L and 0.4 1/h, respectively) although in all cases tannase production was growth-associated. These novel findings cast a new light on successful biorefinery strategies of the effluents and warrant further investigation via process scaling-up and optimization.
Graphical Abstract
Effects of novel glucose-lowering drugs on the COVID-19 patients with diabetes: A network meta-analysis of clinical outcomes
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhao Ling , Wang Yeying , Liu Chengjiang , Ke Tingyu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to assess the effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) on individuals subjected to diabetes and COVID-19.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to cover studies (except for case reports and review studies) published until August 30, 2022. The primary outcome was the mortality of people with diabetes and COVID-19. The secondary outcomes comprised the requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation. Two reviewers independently screened studies, abstracted data, and assessed risk-of-bias. Furthermore, the network meta-analyses (NMA) were conducted.

Results
A total of 12 trials were involved in the analysis. The OR and 95% CI of mortality for SGLT2i compared with SGLT2i + GLP-1RA and DPP4i reached 0.41 (0.17,0.97) and 0.69 (0.49,0.98), respectively. The OR and 95% CI of requiring mechanical ventilation for SGLT2i compared with the DPP4i reached 0.85 (0.75,0.97).

Conclusions
As revealed by the result of this study, SGLT2i is associated with the lower mortality rate in people with diabetes and COVID-19 among novel glucose-lowering drugs. And SGLT2i is linked to lower requiring mechanical ventilation. These findings can have a large impact on clinicians' decisions amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
Coaches’ Perceptions of Factors Driving Training Adaptation: An International Survey
Authors: Anyadike-Danes Kechi , Donath Lars , Kiely John 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
We surveyed coaches’ views on topics related to the training process to elucidate whether their opinions are aligned with the current literature. Here the results for a sub-set of questions regarding factors affecting the training adaptation process are presented and discussed.

Methods
106 coaches [age range 18–65 + years, 31% 15 + years coaching, 58% individual-events/sports and 32% international level] from a number of countries completed a novel cross-sectional online survey about the planning of training and the training process.

Results
Only 28% of participants indicated that physical training was the most important factor in determining sport performance; whereas 99% indicated non-physical factors influence physical training response. The top five factors in modifying an athlete’s ability to physically adapt to a training plan, as rated ‘absolutely essential’, were ‘coach-athlete relationship’ (56%), ‘life stress’ (41%), ‘athletes’ belief in the plan’ (37%), ‘psychological and emotional stress’ (35%) and ‘physical training’ (33%).

Conclusions
Amongst coaches surveyed less than a third rated physical training as the most important factor in determining sports performance. Non-physical factors were acknowledged by the majority to exert an influence on physical training response and adaptation, despite the lack of discussion in training research, though there was no consensus on the relative importance of each individual factor. We echo previous sentiments that coaches need to be engaged in the research process. If training research continues as present the field runs the risk of not only becoming detached but increasingly irrelevant to those it is trying to help.
Computational analysis on mechanostructural properties of hydroxyapatite–alumina–titanium nanocomposite
Authors: Abifarin Johnson Kehinde , Abifarin Fredah Batale , Oyedeji Elijah Oyewusi , Prakash Chander , Zahedi S. Abolfazl 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this research, Taguchi–grey relational analysis has been applied to mitigate the insufficient assumptions made on the optimization of mechanical and structural (mechanostructural) properties of synthesized hydroxyapatite (HAp)–alumina–titanium nanocomposite. This nanocomposite has already been developed and studied in the previous study. This paper employs the L9 (3**3) orthogonal array, including displaying factors and levels of 3, 5, 7 wt % for alumina, 5, 10, 15 wt % for titanium, and 1100, 1150, 1200 °C sintering temperature. The computational analysis presents the predicted mechanostructural grey relational response as 0.7271, higher than the highest response shown in the ninth experimental run. The optimal control factors are analyzed to be 7 wt % alumina, 15 wt % titanium, and 1200 °C sintering temperature. The obtained result elucidates the hypothesis that a singular response optimization is not enough in the fabrication of biomedical material, disproving the assumption made in the previous literature. Importantly, to fabricate a high clinical grade HAp–alumina–titanium nanocomposite, titanium is the most invaluable contributor with a contribution of 49.11%, followed by alumina (45.52%), and then sintering temperature (3.2%). Although the confidence level and probability distribution analysis show that all the experimental mechanostructural responses were within the 95% confidence level, the employment of the predicted optimal factors is strongly recommended for experimentation.
L’expérience des États de la Grande Caraïbe en matière d’arbitrage international d’investissement: Récit troublant d’un voyage en terrain glissant
Authors: Dorce Milcar Jeff 
Published: August 2023

RésuméL’expérience des pays de la Grande Caraïbe dans l’arbitrage international en matière d’investissement a connu une évolution spectaculaire durant ces trente dernières années. Sitôt qu’ils se sont adaptés au régime de protection internationale des investissements, plusieurs États de la Caraïbe ont été submergés par le règlement des différends entre États et investisseurs étrangers (RDIE). Cette situation a conduit à des sentences arbitrales souvent coûteuses qui peuvent aggraver la condition socioéconomique des États faibles. Cet article présente la critique du mécanisme RDIE qui a trouvé un écho particulier dans le contexte caribéen. Il examine les efforts de réforme entrepris par les pays de la région et cherche à savoir si ces propositions peuvent vraiment favoriser une réaffirmation des droits souverains dans l’arbitrage d’investissement. Il conclut qu’à défaut d’un projet régional cohérent le paysage caribéen en matière d’investissement reflète actuellement un pluralisme désordonné, allant de l’approche radicale inspirée de l’Alliance bolivarienne pour les Amériques et du modèle brésilien aux différents éléments de réforme orchestrés par les États puissants. Si l’option réformiste semble être dominante dans la région, néanmoins elle ne répond pas aux véritables préoccupations de légitimité que soulève la pratique de l’arbitrage d’investissement. En suivant le standard conventionnel des pays plus forts, les pays caribéens se montrent pour l’instant incapables d’innover et de créer leur propre voie institutionnelle face à une légalité transnationale dont les implications sont préoccupantes pour la préservation des objectifs d’intérêt public.
Spatial association of bamboos with trees in a commercial tree plantation forest in Myanmar
Authors: Yamada Toshihiro , Oshige Chihro , Nakabayashi Miyabi , Okuda Toshinori , Zaw Moe Aung , Hlaing Ei Ei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBamboos are mainly distributed in subtropical to tropical areas. Bamboos provide numerous ecosystem services, while the expansion of bamboo gives negative impacts on forest ecosystems. Despite big impacts of bamboos on a forest ecosystem, ecological characteristics of bamboo remain poorly understood. The spatial distributional patterns of three bamboo species,Cephalostachyum pergracile,Bambusa polymorpha, andDinochloa maclellandii, were studied in a commercial tree plantation of native deciduous tree species in the Bago Mountains, Myanmar. A point process analysis revealed a clumped distribution for each bamboo species. The distributional overlapping of the species was analysed for every pair of two species. The distribution ofC. pergracilewas little overlapped with those ofD. maclellandiiandB. polymorpha.Cephalostachyum pergracilewas significantly more abundant on gently sloping ridges, whereasD. maclellandiiwas more abundant on a steeply sloping site.Bambusa polymorphadid not show these patterns with topography. The exclusive distribution ofC. pergracileandD. maclellandiimay be, at least partly, explained by the opposite topographic preferences of the species.Cephalostachyum pergraciletended to be found far from large trees that cast shade, althoughB. polymorphatended to be found with large trees, suggesting thatB. polymorphamay be more shade tolerant thanC. pergracile.The difference in shade tolerance may contribute to the exclusive distribution of the species. The habitat preference information obtained in this study will contribute to sound bamboo management practices in Myanmar and enable bamboo population sizes to be increased through creation of favourable habitats in forests.
Genteel Culture, Legal Education, and Constitutional Controversy in Early National Virginia
Authors: Steilen Matthew 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on the movement to reform legal education in early national Virginia, offering a fresh perspective by examining the connection between legal education and society and culture. It challenges the notion that constitutional ideas were the primary driving force behind reforms and argues that social status and “manners” played a more significant role. Wealthy elites in Virginia associated manners with education, sending their sons to college to become gentlemen, as it secured their aspirations to gentility and their influence over society and politics. Reformers sought to capitalize on this connection by educating a generation of university-trained, genteel lawyers who could lead the state's legislature and its courts. In this sense, educational reform was genteel rather than democratic in its basic assumptions. The article examines the central figure of George Wythe and explores his influence on Virginia's leading men, including Thomas Jefferson and St. George Tucker. It delves into the student experience in Wythe's law office and at the College of William and Mary, the success of educational reforms in the central courts, and the effects on Virginia's constitutional development. The college-educated lawyers who came to dominate the legislature in the early nineteenth century used their training for politics. As these lawyers sought to strengthen the institutions their party controlled, they drove the development of constitutional doctrines like federalism and separation of powers.