bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
User engagement with a popular food brand before, during and after a multi-day interactive marketing campaign on a popular live streaming platform
Authors: Haushalter Keally , Pritschet Sara J , Long John W , Edwards Caitlyn G , Boyland Emma J , Evans Rebecca K , Masterson Travis D 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjective:To assess viewer engagement of a food advertising campaign on the live streaming platform Twitch.tv, a social media platform that allows creators to live stream content and communicate with their audience in real time.Design:Observational analysis of chat comments across the Twitch platform containing the word ‘Wendy’s’ or ‘Wendys’ during a 5-day ad campaign compared with two 5-day non-campaign time periods. Comments were categorised as positive, negative or neutral in how their sentiment pertained to the brand Wendy’s.Setting:Twitch chatrooms.Participants:None.Results:There were significantly more chatroom messages related to the Wendy’s brand during the campaign period. When considering all messages, the proportion of messages was statistically different (x2 = 1417·41, P < 0·001) across time periods, with a higher proportion of neutral and positive messages and a lower proportion of negative messages during the campaign compared with the comparison periods. Additionally, the proportion of negative messages following the campaign was lower than before the campaign. When considering only positive and negative messages, the proportion of messages was statistically different (x2 = 366·38, P < 0·001) across each time period with a higher proportion of positive messages and a lower proportion of negative messages during the campaign when compared with the other time periods. Additionally, there was a higher proportion of positive messages and a lower portion of negative messages following the campaign when compared with before the campaign.Conclusions:This study demonstrates the impact and sustained impact of a fast-food brand ad campaign on brand engagement on the live streaming platform Twitch.
Penta-band rectangular slot antenna for multi-function wireless communication with linear and circular polarizations
Authors: Wang Haiyang , Liu Xiaoming , Yang Xiaofan , Fang Zhibin , Zhang Ran , Wang Ye 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a multi-band rectangular slot antenna, which can be used in Beidou navigation system, 4G, WLAN and 5G system. The proposed antenna adopts a single feeding line, generating circular polarization for satellite navigation, and linear polarization for mobile communication systems. The proposed antenna consists of three c-type resonators and three rectangular loop slots. A c-type resonator and a rectangular loop slot work together to produce a usable frequency band. Multiple frequency bands can be generated by increasing the number of c-type resonator and rectangular loop slots. It is found that the c-type resonator changes the current distribution on the antenna surface, making the axial ratio less than 3 dB in the low frequency bands. Eventually, five operation frequency bands are realized. Experimentally, it is verified that the impedance bandwidths of each frequency band are 11.8% (1.12–1.26 GHz), 15.4% (1.5–1.75 GHz), 11.9% (2.36–2.66 GHz), 19.7% (3.15–3.84 GHz) and 2.6% (4.47–4.59 GHz), respectively. The measured 3 dB axial ratio bandwidths are 20 MHz at 1.2 and 1.56 GHz, fully covering BDS B1 and B2 bands. The measured gains are 3, 3.59, 4.07, 4.2 and 4.35 dBi, respectively.
Humanitarianism and affect-based education: Emotional experiences at the Jean-Pictet Competition
Authors: Sutton Rebecca , Buis Emiliano J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor international lawyers seeking to promote compliance with international humanitarian law (IHL), some level of affective awareness is essential – but just where one might cultivate an understanding of emotions, and at which juncture of one's career, remains a mystery. This article proposes that what the IHL lawyers and advocates of the future need is an affect-based education. More than a simple mastery of a technical set of emotional intelligence skills, what we are interested in here is the refinement of a disposition or sensibility – a way of engaging with the world, with IHL, and with humanitarianism. In this article, we consider the potential for the Jean-Pictet Competition to provide this education. Drawing on our observations of the competition and a survey with 231 former participants, the discussion examines the legal and affective dimensions of the competition, identifies the precise moments of the competition in which emotional processes take place, and probes the role of emotions in role-plays and simulations. Presenting the Jean-Pictet Competition as a form of interaction ritual, we propose that high “emotional energy” promotes a humanitarian sensibility; indeed, participant interactions have the potential to re-constitute the very concept of humanitarianism. We ultimately argue that a more conscious engagement with emotions at competitions like Pictet has the potential to strengthen IHL training, to further IHL compliance and the development of IHL rules, and to enhance legal education more generally.
The hidden contestation of norms: Decent work in the International Labour Organization and the United Nations
Authors: Drubel Julia , Mende Janne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe question of whether global norms are experiencing a crisis allows for two concurrent answers. From a facticity perspective, certain global norms are in crisis, given their worldwide lack of implementation and effectiveness. From a validity perspective, however, a crisis is not obvious, as these norms are not openly contested discursively and institutionally. In order to explain the double diagnosis (crisis/no crisis), this article draws on international relations research on norm contestation and norm robustness. It proposes the concept ofhidden discursive contestationand distinguishes it from three other key types of norm contestation: open discursive, open non-discursive and hidden non-discursive contestation. We identify four manifestations of hidden discursive contestation in: (1) the deflection of responsibility; (2) forestalling norm strengthening; (3) displaying norms as functional means to an end; and (4) downgrading or upgrading single norm elements. Our empirical focus is on the decent work norm, which demonstrates the double diagnosis. While it lacks facticity, it enjoys far-reaching verbal acceptance and high validity. Our qualitative analysis of discursive hidden contestation draws on two case studies: the International Labour Organization’s compliance procedures, which monitor international labour standards, and the United Nations Treaty Process on a binding instrument for business and human rights. Although both fora have different context and policy cycles, they exhibit similar strategies of hidden discursive contestation.
Phenomenology as a resource for translational research in mental health: methodological trends, challenges and new directions
Authors: Ritunnano R. , Papola D. , Broome M.R. , Nelson B. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This editorial reflects on current methodological trends in translational research in mental health. It aims to build a bridge between two fields that are frequently siloed off from each other: interventional research and phenomenologically informed research. Recent years have witnessed a revival of phenomenological approaches in mental health, often – but not only – as a means of connecting the subjective character of experience with neurobiological explanatory accounts of illness. Rich phenomenological knowledge accrued in schizophrenia, and wider psychosis research, has opened up new opportunities for improving prediction, early detection, diagnosis, prognostic stratification, treatment and ethics of care. Novel qualitative studies of delusions and hallucinations have challenged longstanding assumptions about their nature and meaning, uncovering highly complex subjective dimensions that are not adequately captured by quantitative methodologies. Interdisciplinary and participatory research efforts, informed by phenomenological insights, have prompted revisions of pre-established narratives of mental disorder dominated by a dysfunction framework and by researcher-centric outcome measures. Despite these recent advances, there has been relatively little effort to integrate and translate phenomenological insights across applied clinical research, with the goal of producing more meaningful, patient-valued results. It is our contention that phenomenological psychopathology – as the basic science of psychiatry – represents an important methodology for advancing evidence-based practices in mental health, and ultimately improving real-world outcomes. Setting this project into motion requires a greater emphasis on subjectivity and the structures of experience, more attention to the quality and patient-centredness of outcome measures, and the identification of treatment targets that matter most to patients.
Automated Classification of Estuarine Sub‐Depositional Environment Using Sediment Texture
Authors: Houghton J. E. , Nichols T. E. , Griffiths J. , Simon N. , Utley J. E. P. , Duller R. A. , Worden R. H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInterpretation of unconsolidated Quaternary sedimentary core is difficult if key diagnostic features are obscured or not present, therefore traditional facies analysis is challenging. However, sediment texture remains a universal attribute which can be used to interpret sedimentary core. Here we present an automated classification workflow which implements Extreme Gradient Boosting and Bayesian Optimization of hyperparameters to differentiate estuarine sub‐depositional environments. We use 19 textural attributes, measured using laser particle size analysis of surface sediment samples from the Ravenglass Estuary, Cumbria, northwest England, to make unbiased classification of sub‐depositional environment and estuarine zone. Two predictive models created using the automated workflow are presented and evaluated using a suite of evaluation metrics, confusion matrices, and spatial analysis to understand their geological implications. Model 1 keeps all sub‐depositional environments discrete and has an overall accuracy of 68.96%. Model 2 merges related sub‐depositional environments to form inner‐coarse and outer‐estuary zones and has an overall accuracy of 84.14%. Both models have been applied to textural data obtained at 5 cm intervals from a Holocene core drilled through a tidal bar in the Ravenglass estuarine succession, NW England, to classify palaeo sub‐depositional environment. Predictive output of the models suggests that the core consistently experienced inner estuary deposition; all inner estuary environments are represented in the core. The workflow presented here could be applied to datasets from other marginal marine depositional systems to enhance the interpretation of their subsurface deposits. Ultimately, detailed interpretations of ancient, buried deposits could be made using models derived from analogous modern systems.
Simulating Global Dynamic Surface Reflectances for Imaging Spectroscopy Spaceborne Missions: LPJ‐PROSAIL
Authors: Poulter Benjamin , Currey Bryce , Calle Leonardo , Shiklomanov Alexey N. , Amaral Cibele H. , Brookshire E. N. Jack , Campbell Petya , Chlus Adam , Cawse‐Nicholson Kerry , Huemmrich Fred , Miller Charles E. , Miner Kimberley , Pierrat Zoe , Raiho Ann M. , Schimel David , Serbin Shawn , Smith William K. , Stavros Natasha , Stutz Jochen , Townsend Phil , Thompson David R. , Zhang Zhen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSpectroscopic reflectance data provide novel information on the properties of the Earth's terrestrial and aquatic surfaces. Until recently, imaging spectroscopy missions were dependent mainly on airborne instruments, such as the Next Generation Airborne Visible InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS‐NG), providing limited spatial and temporal observations. Currently, there is an emergence of spaceborne imaging spectroscopy missions, which require advances in end‐to‐end model support for traceability studies. To provide this support, the LPJ‐wsl dynamic global vegetation model is coupled with the canopy radiative transfer model, PROSAIL, to generate global, gridded, daily visible to shortwave infrared (VSWIR) spectra (400–2,500 nm). LPJ‐wsl variables are cross‐walked to meet required PROSAIL parameters, which include leaf structure, chlorophyll a + b, brown pigment, equivalent water thickness, and dry matter content. Simulated spectra are compared to a boreal forest site, a temperate forest, managed grassland, a dryland and a tropical forest site using reflectance data from tower‐mounted, aircraft, and spaceborne imagers. We find that canopy nitrogen and leaf‐area index are the most uncertain variables in translating LPJ‐wsl to PROSAIL parameters but at first order, LPJ‐PROSAIL successfully simulates surface reflectance dynamics. Future work will optimize functional relationships required for improving PROSAIL parameters and include the development of the LPJ‐model to represent improvements in leaf water content and canopy nitrogen. The LPJ‐PROSAIL model is intended to support missions such as NASA's Surface Biology and Geology and subsequent modeled products related to the carbon cycle and hydrology.
Targeted therapy for head and neck cancer: signaling pathways and clinical studies
Authors: Li Qingfang , Tie Yan , Alu Aqu , Ma Xuelei , Shi Huashan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHead and neck cancer (HNC) is malignant, genetically complex and difficult to treat and is the sixth most frequent cancer, with tobacco, alcohol and human papillomavirus being major risk factors. Based on epigenetic data, HNC is remarkably heterogeneous, and treatment remains challenging. There is a lack of significant improvement in survival and quality of life in patients with HNC. Over half of HNC patients experience locoregional recurrence or distal metastasis despite the current multiple traditional therapeutic strategies and immunotherapy. In addition, resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and some targeted therapies is common. Therefore, it is urgent to explore more effective and tolerable targeted therapies to improve the clinical outcomes of HNC patients. Recent targeted therapy studies have focused on identifying promising biomarkers and developing more effective targeted therapies. A well understanding of the pathogenesis of HNC contributes to learning more about its inner association, which provides novel insight into the development of small molecule inhibitors. In this review, we summarized the vital signaling pathways and discussed the current potential therapeutic targets against critical molecules in HNC, as well as presenting preclinical animal models and ongoing or completed clinical studies about targeted therapy, which may contribute to a more favorable prognosis of HNC. Targeted therapy in combination with other therapies and its limitations were also discussed.
Epigenetic and post-translational modifications in autophagy: biological functions and therapeutic targets
Authors: Shu Feng , Xiao Han , Li Qiu-Nuo , Ren Xiao-Shuai , Liu Zhi-Gang , Hu Bo-Wen , Wang Hong-Sheng , Wang Hao , Jiang Guan-Min 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAutophagy is a conserved lysosomal degradation pathway where cellular components are dynamically degraded and re-processed to maintain physical homeostasis. However, the physiological effect of autophagy appears to be multifaced. On the one hand, autophagy functions as a cytoprotective mechanism, protecting against multiple diseases, especially tumor, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative and infectious disease. Conversely, autophagy may also play a detrimental role via pro-survival effects on cancer cells or cell-killing effects on normal body cells. During disorder onset and progression, the expression levels of autophagy-related regulators and proteins encoded by autophagy-related genes (ATGs) are abnormally regulated, giving rise to imbalanced autophagy flux. However, the detailed mechanisms and molecular events of this process are quite complex. Epigenetic, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and miRNAs, and post-translational modifications, including ubiquitination, phosphorylation and acetylation, precisely manipulate gene expression and protein function, and are strongly correlated with the occurrence and development of multiple diseases. There is substantial evidence that autophagy-relevant regulators and machineries are subjected to epigenetic and post-translational modulation, resulting in alterations in autophagy levels, which subsequently induces disease or affects the therapeutic effectiveness to agents. In this review, we focus on the regulatory mechanisms mediated by epigenetic and post-translational modifications in disease-related autophagy to unveil potential therapeutic targets. In addition, the effect of autophagy on the therapeutic effectiveness of epigenetic drugs or drugs targeting post-translational modification have also been discussed, providing insights into the combination with autophagy activators or inhibitors in the treatment of clinical diseases.
Transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of autophagy and adipogenesis by YBX1
Authors: Wu Ruifan , Feng Shengchun , Li Fan , Shu Gang , Wang Lina , Gao Ping , Zhu Xiaotong , Zhu Canjun , Wang Songbo , Jiang Qingyan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObesity is strongly associated with metabolic diseases, which have become a global health problem. Exploring the underlying mechanism of adipogenesis is crucial for the treatment of excess white fat. Oncogene YBX1 is a multifunctional DNA- and RNA-binding protein that regulates brown adipogenesis. However, the role of YBX1 in white adipogenesis and adipose tissue expansion remains unknown. Here, we showed that YBX1 deficiency inhibited murine and porcine adipocyte differentiation. YBX1 positively regulated adipogenesis through promoting ULK1- and ULK2-mediated autophagy. Mechanistically, we identified YBX1 serves as a 5-methylcytosine (m5C)-binding protein directly targeting m5C-containingUlk1mRNA by using RNA immunoprecipitation. RNA decay assay further proved that YBX1 upregulated ULK1 expression though stabilizing its mRNA. Meanwhile, YBX1 promotedUlk2transcription and expression as a transcription factor, thereby enhancing autophagy and adipogenesis. Importantly, YBX1 overexpression in white fat enhanced ULK1/ULK2-mediated autophagy and promoted adipose tissue expansion in mice. Collectively, these findings unveil the post-transcriptional and transcriptional mechanism and functional importance of YBX1 in autophagy and adipogenesis regulation, providing an attractive molecular target for therapies of obesity and metabolic diseases.
Single-cell RNA-seq integrated with multi-omics reveals SERPINE2 as a target for metastasis in advanced renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Wen-jin , Dong Ke-qin , Pan Xiu-wu , Gan Si-shun , Xu Da , Chen Jia-xin , Chen Wei-jie , Li Wen-yan , Wang Yu-qi , Zhou Wang , Rini Brian , Cui Xin-gang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTumor growth, metastasis and therapeutic response are believed to be regulated by the tumor and its microenvironment (TME) in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the mechanisms underlying genomic, transcriptomic and epigenetic alternations in RCC progression have not been completely defined. In this study, single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data were obtained from eight tissue samples of RCC patients, including two matched pairs of primary and metastatic sites (lymph nodes), along with Hi-C, transposable accessible chromatin by high-throughput (ATAC-seq) and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) between RCC (Caki-1) and human renal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2). The identified target was verified in clinical tissue samples (microarray of 407 RCC patients, TMA-30 and TMA-2020), whose function was further validated by in vitro and in vivo experiments through knockdown or overexpression. We profiled transcriptomes of 30514 malignant cells, and 14762 non-malignant cells. Comprehensive multi-omics analysis revealed that malignant cells and TME played a key role in RCC. The expression programs of stromal cells and immune cells were consistent among the samples, whereas malignant cells expressed distinct programs associated with hypoxia, cell cycle, epithelial differentiation, and two different metastasis patterns. Comparison of the hierarchical structure showed that SERPINE2 was related to these NNMF expression programs, and at the same time targeted the switched compartment. SERPINE2 was highly expressed in RCC tissues and lowly expressed in para-tumor tissues or HK-2 cell line. SERPINE2 knockdown markedly suppressed RCC cell growth and invasion, while SERPINE2 overexpression dramatically promoted RCC cell metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, SERPINE2 could activate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway. The above findings demonstrated that the role of distinct expression patterns of malignant cells and TME played a distinct role in RCC progression. SERPINE2 was identified as a potential therapeutic target for inhibiting metastasis in advanced RCC.
An artificial synapse based on molecular junctions
Authors: Zhang Yuchun , Liu Lin , Tu Bin , Cui Bin , Guo Jiahui , Zhao Xing , Wang Jingyu , Yan Yong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractShrinking the size of the electronic synapse to molecular length-scale, for example, an artificial synapse directly fabricated by using individual or monolayer molecules, is important for maximizing the integration density, reducing the energy consumption, and enabling functionalities not easily achieved by other synaptic materials. Here, we show that the conductance of the self-assembled peptide molecule monolayer could be dynamically modulated by placing electrical biases, enabling us to implement basic synaptic functions. Both short-term plasticity (e.g., paired-pulse facilitation) and long-term plasticity (e.g., spike-timing-dependent plasticity) are demonstrated in a single molecular synapse. The dynamic current response is due to a combination of both chemical gating and coordination effects between Ag+ and hosting groups within peptides which adjusts the electron hopping rate through the molecular junction. In the end, based on the nonlinearity and short-term synaptic characteristics, the molecular synapses are utilized as reservoirs for waveform recognition with 100% accuracy at a small mask length.
Cryo-EM structure of hnRNPDL-2 fibrils, a functional amyloid associated with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy D3
Authors: Garcia-Pardo Javier , Bartolomé-Nafría Andrea , Chaves-Sanjuan Antonio , Gil-Garcia Marcos , Visentin Cristina , Bolognesi Martino , Ricagno Stefano , Ventura Salvador 
Published: January 2023

AbstracthnRNPDL is a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) involved in transcription and RNA-processing that hosts missense mutations causing limb-girdle muscular dystrophy D3 (LGMD D3). Mammalian-specific alternative splicing (AS) renders three natural isoforms, hnRNPDL-2 being predominant in humans. We present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of full-length hnRNPDL-2 amyloid fibrils, which are stable, non-toxic, and bind nucleic acids. The high-resolution amyloid core consists of a single Gly/Tyr-rich and highly hydrophilic filament containing internal water channels. The RNA binding domains are located as a solenoidal coat around the core. The architecture and activity of hnRNPDL-2 fibrils are reminiscent of functional amyloids, our results suggesting that LGMD D3 might be a loss-of-function disease associated with impaired fibrillation. Strikingly, the fibril core matches exon 6, absent in the soluble hnRNPDL-3 isoform. This provides structural evidence for AS controlling hnRNPDL assembly by precisely including/skipping an amyloid exon, a mechanism that holds the potential to generate functional diversity in RNPs.