bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translation and Validation of the Arabic Version of the Eating Behavior After Bariatric Surgery (EBBS) Questionnaire
Authors: Alsehemi Nuha H. , Alharbi Amal A. , Alamri Rahaf S. , Fatani Bushra A. , Alsenan Seham H. , Elbarazi Iffat , Aldhwayan Madhawi M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Complications after metabolic and bariatric surgery are common due to the patient’s poor commitment to postoperative lifestyle changes. Therefore, intensive follow-up from a multidisciplinary team might improve outcomes. The present study aimed to translate and validate the Eating Behavior after Bariatric Surgery (EBBS) questionnaire into Arabic for use in clinical and research settings.

Materials and Methods
The study followed World Health Organization guidelines for translation and questionnaire adaptation, including forward translation, back translation, pilot testing, and the creation of the final version of the tool. A total of 390 patients who had undergone metabolic and bariatric surgery 3 years ago or more were involved in testing the questionnaire’s validity and reliability.

Results
The mean age of participants was 36 years (range: 20 to 70 years), 56% were females, 94.1% were Saudis, and 56% had bachelor’s degrees. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was tested using Cronbach’s alpha. One item (alcohol consumption) was excluded during the reliability analysis due to low variance. The reliability analysis results showed that the 10 items were internally consistent, with a Cronbach’s α of 0.851.

Conclusion
The validation and reliability of the Arabic-language version of the EBBS questionnaire were found to be satisfactory. The presence of a validated Arabic version of this instrument may help practitioners estimate patients’ adherence to dietary and lifestyle recommendations after metabolic and bariatric surgery. Furthermore, the questionnaire may aid in identifying factors that influence the efficacy of these procedures.

Graphical Abstract
The Bone Marrow Immune Microenvironment in CML: Treatment Responses, Treatment-Free Remission, and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities
Authors: Patterson Shaun David , Copland Mhairi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are very successful for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) but are not curative in most patients due to persistence of TKI-resistant leukaemia stem cells (LSCs). The bone marrow immune microenvironment (BME) provides protection to the LSC through multidimensional interactions, driving therapy resistance, and highlighting the need to circumvent these protective niches therapeutically. This review updates the evidence for interactions between CML cells and the immune microenvironment with a view to identifying targetable therapeutic vulnerabilities and describes what is known about the role of immune regulation in treatment-free remission (TFR).

Recent Findings
Intracellular signalling downstream of the chemotactic CXCL12-CXCR4 axis, responsible for disrupted homing in CML, has been elucidated in LSCs, highlighting novel therapeutic opportunities. In addition, LSCs expressing CXCL12-cleaving surface protein CD26 were highly correlated with CML burden, building on existing evidence. Newer findings implicate the adhesion molecule CD44 in TKI resistance, while JAK/STAT-mediated resistance to TKIs may occur downstream of extrinsic signalling in the BME. Exosomal BME-LSC cross-communication has also been explored. Finally, further detail on the phenotypes of natural killer (NK) cells putatively involved in maintaining successful TFR has been published, and NK-based immunotherapies are discussed.

Summary
Recent studies highlight and build on our understanding of the BME in CML persistence and TKI resistance, pinpointing therapeutically vulnerable interactions. Repurposing existing drugs and/or the development of novel inhibitors targeting these relationships may help to overcome these issues in TKI-resistant CML and be used as adjuvant therapy for sustained TFR.
The measurement of structural ageing – an axiomatic approach
Authors: Cameron Michael P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe structural ageing of the population is one of the key global trends of the 21st Century. In this paper, we outline four axioms that, along with easy interpretability, we believe should underpin a theoretically valid measure of structural ageing: (1) population size invariance; (2) strong dominance; (3) weak dominance; and (4) age sensitivity. We then present a class of structural ageing indices that satisfy the axioms and are easily interpretable, with root-mean-squared-age (RMSA) as our preferred measure within the class. Using historical and cross-national data from the World Population Prospects, state-level data from the US Census Bureau, and local-authority-level data from New Zealand, we demonstrate that our preferred measure is correlated with conventional measures of structural ageing. Nevertheless, in each case there are large disparities in ranking for some countries, states, or local authorities between the different measures. These ranking disparities could be highly consequential for the allocation of resources, particularly between states or local areas within countries. Our proposed class of measures may help to avoid these disparities due to their axiomatically-consistent nature. Finally, we present considerations for future extensions of this important work, including the development of equivalent measures based on prospective age.
Feasibility study of microplastic biodegradation in effluents from South Tehran WWTP after quantitative and qualitative measurement of the particles
Authors: Shirazi Somayeh , Mafigholami Roya , Moghimi Hamid , Borghei Seyed Mehdi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMicroplastics are currently known to be among the most detrimental environmental. The research on ways to counteract these pollutions and the use of microorganisms for the biological decomposition of various plastic polymers have evolved over the recent years. In this regard, the present study collected effluents from the southern Tehran treatment plant and separated and counted the microplastics present in them, it was found that the least number of microplastics was found in the samples of the summer season and the highest number of microplastics was found in the samples of the spring season. In these samples, particles could be identified in three forms: fiber, fragment, and film, which revealed that the most frequently observed microplastics were polypropylene and then polyethylene. These microplastics combine with the microbes in the culture medium. Three microbial colonies that survived were then separated and identified, which revealed that these bacteria included Achromobacter denitrificans (sample B), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (sample C), and Pseudomonas aestusnigri (sample E). Moreover, the decomposition of polypropylene and polyethylene microplastics exposed to isolates was examined through various methods. Results of cellular gravity examination indicated that the average weight reduction in the PP sample exposed to B and E bacterial isolates was 38.2% and 58.9%, respectively. In the SEM images, the surface of the polymers of these two isolates is more uneven. Moreover, the mean cellular weight reduction for PE-based microplastic exposed to isolate C was 13.3%, the results of FT-IR tests showed that the peaks in the samples exposed to strains B and E were accompanied by changes compared to the control sample (G). The results of the TGA test also confirm the greater effectiveness of the bacterial strain E. It was based on the polymer structure. In the Raman spectrum of sample E, some peaks have been removed and new peaks with other shifts have appeared in their place. Results were confirmed by carbon dioxide emission tests and the produced protein amount.
Measuring group leadership in networks based on Shapley value
Authors: Belik Ivan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMeasuring group leadership in social networks is a nontrivial task from a methodological viewpoint. The development of modern computational methods for evaluating group leadership is rooted in the analysis of network centralities. While computational methods for assessing the centralities of individual (i.e., single) nodes in networks have been well established, the methodological apparatus for computing group centralities has been much less developed. In the research domain of quantitative methods, this situation leads to the search for interdisciplinary solutions in which game theory currently plays a dominant role. This study analyzed two computational methods to measure group leadership in networks. Both are based on the game-theoretical concept of the Shapley value (SV). Based on the illustrative networks, the given research shows and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the approaches. In short, the key finding of the study is that there is no “free lunch” method to measure group leadership, which means that each specific network requires an individual approach for choosing the most appropriate model.
An Ensemble of Light Gradient Boosting Machine and Adaptive Boosting for Prediction of Type-2 Diabetes
Authors: Sai M. Jishnu , Chettri Pratiksha , Panigrahi Ranjit , Garg Amik , Bhoi Akash Kumar , Barsocchi Paolo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMachine learning helps construct predictive models in clinical data analysis, predicting stock prices, picture recognition, financial modelling, disease prediction, and diagnostics. This paper proposes machine learning ensemble algorithms to forecast diabetes. The ensemble combines k-NN, Naive Bayes (Gaussian), Random Forest (RF), Adaboost, and a recently designed Light Gradient Boosting Machine. The proposed ensembles inherit detection ability of LightGBM to boost accuracy. Under fivefold cross-validation, the proposed ensemble models perform better than other recent models. Thek-NN, Adaboost, and LightGBM jointly achieve 90.76% detection accuracy. The receiver operating curve analysis shows that$$k$$k-NN, RF, and LightGBM successfully solve class imbalance issue of the underlying dataset.
Does marking as sterile mean really sterile? Stenotrophomonas maltophilia outbreak caused by a blood-gas injector containing liquid heparin
Authors: Telli Dizman Gülçin , Metan Gökhan , Karahan Gizem , Tanrıverdi Elif Seren , Hazırolan Gülşen , Otlu Barış , Sönmezer Meliha Çağla , Gül Nur Dilek , Çınar Burcu , Ünal Serhat 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn outbreak investigation was initiated after detecting an increase in the number of patients with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bloodstream infections (SM-BSIs) througout the hospital. S. maltophilia was isolated from the cultures of blood-gas ınjectors containing liquid heparin. The incidence density of SM-BSIs decreased significantly after prohibiting the use of those injectors.
TRAVERSING A GRAPH IN GENERAL POSITION
Authors: KLAVŽAR SANDI , KRISHNAKUMAR ADITI , TUITE JAMES , YERO ISMAEL G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLetGbe a graph. Assume that to each vertex of a set of vertices$S\subseteq V(G)$a robot is assigned. At each stage one robot can move to a neighbouring vertex. ThenSis a mobile general position set ofGif there exists a sequence of moves of the robots such that all the vertices ofGare visited while maintaining the general position property at all times. The mobile general position number ofGis the cardinality of a largest mobile general position set ofG. We give bounds on the mobile general position number and determine exact values for certain common classes of graphs, including block graphs, rooted products, unicyclic graphs, Kneser graphs$K(n,2)$and line graphs of complete graphs.
Satellite images as tools of visual diplomacy: NASA's ozone hole visualizations and the Montreal Protocol negotiations
Authors: Grevsmühl Sebastian V. , Briday Régis 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOn 16 September 1987, the main chlorofluorocarbon-producing and -consuming countries signed the Montreal Protocol, despite the absence of a scientific consensus on the mechanisms of ozone depletion over Antarctica. We argue in this article that the rapid diffusion from late 1985 onwards of satellite images showing the Antarctic ozone hole played a significant role in this diplomatic outcome. Whereas negotiators claimed that they chose to deliberately ignore the Antarctic ozone hole during the negotiations since no theory was able yet to explain it, the images still loomed large for many of the actors involved. In Western countries, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) satellite visualizations were diffused through the general press and television stations. Other popular and mass media outlets followed quickly. In describing the circulation and appropriation processes of these images within and beyond the scientific and negotiation arenas, we show that the ozone hole images did play an important part in ozone diplomacy in the two years leading up to the signing of the Montreal Protocol, both in the expert and diplomatic arenas and as public diplomacy tools. We conclude by encouraging scholars to engage with new visual archives and to contribute to the development of the vibrant new field of research on visual diplomacy.
Outcome of radiotherapy for the treatment of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in the very elderly population
Authors: Yariv Orly , Amitai Nimrod , Nachalon Yuval , Moore Assaf , Popovtzer Aron 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundTreatment selection for squamous cell carcinoma patients aged over 84 years is controversial. This retrospective chart review examined and compared characteristics of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in very elderly (over 84 years) and younger patients (approximately 65 years). The secondary objective was to further evaluate the outcome of radiotherapy as a treatment modality in this patient population.MethodsOf all 23 very elderly patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with radiotherapy, with or without surgery, in the Davidoff Cancer Center, from 1992 to 2012, 19 had sufficient data for analysis, and comprised the study group.ResultsMedian age at diagnosis was 86 years. Disease stage at diagnosis was I, II, III and IVA in 53 per cent, 21 per cent, 21 per cent and 5 per cent, respectively. Median radiotherapy dose was 60 Gy given in 25 fractions. Three patients had recurrence. No patient discontinued treatment because of toxicity. Median overall survival was 3.6 years (range, 0–10 years).ConclusionVery elderly laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients may derive a similar survival advantage as younger counterparts. Modern radiotherapy is effective and safe for treating laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in this study population. Further, large-scale studies are needed.
Framing second language comprehensibility: Do interlocutors’ ratings predict their perceived communicative experience?
Authors: Nagle Charlie , Trofimovich Pavel , Tekin Oguzhan , McDonough Kim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractComprehensibility has risen to the forefront of second language (L2) speech research. To date, research has focused on identifying the linguistic, behavioral, and affective correlates of comprehensibility, how it develops over time, and how it evolves over the course of an interaction. In all these approaches, comprehensibility is the dependent measure, but comprehensibility can also be construed as a predictor of other communicative outcomes. In this study, we examined the extent to which comprehensibility predicted interlocutors’ overall impression of their interaction. We analyzed data from 90 paired interactions encompassing three communicative tasks. Interactive partners were L2 English speakers who did not share the same native language. After each task, they provided self- and partner-ratings of comprehensibility, collaboration, and anxiety, and at the end of the interaction, they provided exit ratings of their overall experience in the interaction, communication success, and comfort interacting with their partner. We fit mixed-effects models to the self- and partner-ratings to investigate if those ratings changed over time, and we used the results to derive model-estimated predictors to be incorporated into regression models of the exit ratings. Only the self-ratings, including self-comprehensibility, were significantly associated with the exit ratings, suggesting a speaker-centric view of L2 interaction.
Curvature-based force estimation for an elastic tube
Authors: Xiao Qingyu , Yang Xiaofeng , Chen Yue 
Published: February 2023

AbstractContact force is one of the most significant feedback for robots to achieve accurate control and safe interaction with environment. For continuum robots, it is possible to estimate the contact force based on the feedback of robot shapes, which can address the difficulty of mounting dedicated force sensors on the continuum robot body with strict dimension constraints. In this paper, we use local curvatures to estimate the magnitude and location of single or multiple contact forces based on Cosserat rod theory. We validate the proposed method in a thin elastic tube and calculate the curvatures via Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors or image feedback. For the curvature feedback obtained from multicore FBG sensors, the overall force magnitude estimation error is$0.062 \pm 0.068$N and the overall location estimation error is$3.51 \pm 2.60$mm. For the curvature feedback obtained from image, the overall force magnitude estimation error is$0.049 \pm 0.048$N and the overall location estimation error is$2.75 \pm 1.71$mm. The results demonstrate that the curvature-based force estimation method is able to accurately estimate the contact force.
Random multi-hooking networks
Authors: Bhutani Kiran R. , Kalpathy Ravi , Mahmoud Hosam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe introduce a broad class of multi-hooking networks, wherein multiple copies of a seed are hooked at each step at random locations, and the number of copies follows a predetermined building sequence of numbers. We analyze the degree profile in random multi-hooking networks by tracking two kinds of node degrees—the local average degree of a specific node over time and the global overall average degree in the graph. The former experiences phases and the latter is invariant with respect to the type of building sequence and is somewhat similar to the average degree in the initial seed. We also discuss the expected number of nodes of the smallest degree. Additionally, we study distances in the network through the lens of the average total path length, the average depth of a node, the eccentricity of a node, and the diameter of the graph.
Equivariant Heegaard genus of reducible 3-manifolds
Authors: TAYLOR SCOTT A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe equivariant Heegaard genus of a 3-manifold W with the action of a finite group G of diffeomorphisms is the smallest genus of an equivariant Heegaard splitting for W. Although a Heegaard splitting of a reducible manifold is reducible and although if W is reducible, there is an equivariant essential sphere, we show that equivariant Heegaard genus may be super-additive, additive, or sub-additive under equivariant connected sum. Using a thin position theory for 3-dimensional orbifolds, we establish sharp bounds on the equivariant Heegaard genus of reducible manifolds, similar to those known for tunnel number. Along the way, we make use of a new invariant for W which is much better behaved under equivariant sums.
PRECLASSIC MAYA FORTIFICATION AT MURALLA DE LEÓN, PETEN: DEDUCING ASSETS, MILITARY STRATEGIES, AND SPECIFIC THREATS THROUGH ANALYSIS OF DEFENSIVE SYSTEMS
Authors: Bracken Justin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the absence of historical records, ethnography, or artistic depictions, fortifications provide one of the best forms of evidence for insight into the nature of warfare within past societies. Excavations into the monumental stone perimeter wall, 1.5 km in circumference, at Muralla de León in the Peten Lakes Region have dated its initial construction to the first two centuries of the Late Preclassic period (400–200b.c.). Investigation into this apparent fortification offers new insight into Maya settlement and monumental construction in relation to warfare in this era, as sociopolitical complexity became increasingly widespread across the southern lowlands. Calculations of affordances of movement across the local landscape using geographic information systems and Circuitscape inform a spatial statistical analysis of fortification at Muralla de León, performed to test a hypothesis of defensive functionality for the encircling perimeter wall. A separate affordance of movement analysis at a regional scale locates the site within probable intersite paths of travel. The research indicates a significant, but not exclusive, defensive intent underpinning the Preclassic form of the main wall system. Thus, the system was built in part as a fortification, restricting movement toward the interior, while facilitating other uses such as hydraulic control and possibly trade.
Carbon Dioxide Retrievals From NOMAD‐SO on ESA's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter and Temperature Profiles Retrievals With the Hydrostatic Equilibrium Equation: 1. Description of the Method
Authors: Trompet L. , Vandaele A. C. , Thomas I. , Aoki S. , Daerden F. , Erwin J. , Flimon Z. , Mahieux A. , Neary L. , Robert S. , Villanueva G. , Liuzzi G. , López‐Valverde M. A. , Brines A. , Bellucci G. , López‐Moreno J. J. , Patel M. R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Solar Occultation (SO) channel of the Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery (NOMAD) instrument has been scanning the Martian atmosphere for almost 2 Martian years. In this work, we present a subset of the NOMAD SO data measured at the mesosphere at the terminator. From the data set, we investigated 968 vertical profiles of carbon dioxide density and temperature covering the Martian Year (MY) 35 as well as MY 36 up to a solar longitude (Ls) of 135° and altitudes around 60–100 km. While carbon dioxide density profiles are directly retrieved from the spectral signature in the spectra, temperature profiles are more challenging to retrieve as unlike density profiles, temperature profiles can present some spurious features if the regularization is not correctly managed. Comparing seven regularization methods, we found that the expected error estimation method provides the best regularization parameters. The vertical resolution of the profiles is on average 1.6 km. Numerous warm layers and cold pockets appear in this data set. The warm layers are found in the Northern hemisphere at dawn and dusk as well as in the Southern hemisphere at dawn. Strong warm layers are present in more than 13.5% of the profiles. The Southern hemisphere at dusk does not present any warm layer between Ls 50° and 150°. The height and latitudinal distribution of those warm layers were similar in MY 35 and MY 36 during the first half of the year (Ls = 0°–135°).