bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new scoliosis brace padding method based on trunk asymmetry for scoliosis treatment
Authors: Bidari Shahrbanoo , Kamyab Mojtaba , Ganjavian Mohammad Saleh , Komeili Amin 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Pressure pads are used with scoliosis braces to adjust the magnitude and location of corrective forces that mechanically support the torso to correct the spine deformity. In the conventional brace (C.B.) design approaches, the location and shape of pads are determined based on the visual assessment of the clinician. The accuracy of this approach could be improved because it is limited to the clinician's expertise. The present study aimed to develop a new brace (N.B.) padding method based on trunk asymmetry for adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and compare the efficacy of the developed method with C.B. in improving the Cobb angle and body posture symmetricity.

Methods:
The trunk surface geometry was scanned using a 3-dimensional scanner. The best plane of symmetry was determined, and the original trunk was reflected in the plane of symmetry, creating the reflected trunk. The difference between the reflected and original trunks was computed and color-coded using deviation contour maps. The boundary of deformed regions, with a minimum of 6-mm deviation contour maps, was identified as the trim lines for brace pads. Eight participants were recruited and divided into conventional and new padding groups. The variation of Cobb angle and torso asymmetry parameters, including the trunk rotation and back surface rotation, as well as the brace satisfaction and trunk appearance perception of the 2 groups, were compared after 3 months of treatment.

Results:
Cobb angle improved equally in the N.B. and C.B. groups. However, back surface rotation improved in the N.B. group (+49.6%) and worsened in the C.B. group (−6.8%). The mean trunk rotation was improved by 30% in the N.B. and further exacerbated by −2.2% in the C.B. group. The brace satisfaction and trunk appearance perception scores were higher in the N.B. than in the C.B. group, however not statistically significant.

Conclusions:
The present study showed that the proposed brace padding system improved the trunk appearance without negatively affecting the Cobb angle correction.
The effect of time to amputation on medical costs accrued during the first twelve months after injury—A California workers’ compensation claims study
Authors: Gomez Nicholas G. , Gaspar Fraser W. , Thiese Matthew S. , Merryweather Andrew S. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
This study investigated whether the time to amputation (TtoA) after a work-related injury had a significant effect on the medical costs accrued in the first year after injury.

Data source:
Six thousand nine hundred fifty-three person-level workers’ compensation claims data from the state of California, USA, from 2007 to 2018.

Methods:
Multiple quantile regression was used to assess the impact of TtoA on medical costs accrued during the first 12 months after injury. Three time intervals for TtoA were investigated: immediate (0, 1 days), short-delay (2–31 days), and long-delay (>31 days).

Results:
The median (interquartile range) medical dollars paid per claim during the first 12 months for the study population was $12,414 ($6,324–$29,347). Amputations that occurred during the short-delay time interval resulted in significant (p < 0.001) median (95% CI) savings of −$3,196 (−$3,968 to −$2,424) compared with the immediate amputation group. The long-delay time interval resulted in significantly (p < 0.001) increased median (95% CI) spending of $5,613 ($4,675–$6,551) compared with the immediate amputation group. Covariates that significantly increased costs were medical intensity, medical complexity, use of a prosthesis, and if the injured worker pursued legal action in addition to a workers’ compensation claim.

Conclusions:
This study presents the impact of TtoA on medical spending in the first year after a work-related injury that results in an amputation. Amputations that occurred within the first month after an injury resulted in reduced medical spending compared with immediate amputations, and amputations that occurred after the first month resulted in increased medical spending.
Remarkable FDG Uptake in Numerous Granulomatous Panniculitis Lesions
Authors: Erfani Soheila , Dadgar Habibollah , Khorasanchi A. Reza , Soltani Salman , Aghaee Atena 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A 42-year-old woman with history of rheumatoid arthritis and erythema nodosum from 8 years ago, who was treated with CellCept and prednisolone, was admitted to the rheumatology service due to skin lesions in the upper and lower extremities. Skin excisional biopsy was performed, and the results suggested panniculitis. FDG PET/CT was performed for malignancy workup. The scan images revealed intensely increased FDG uptake in all numerous subcutaneous nodules. FDG uptake in the panniculitis lesion is rarely reported in the literature.
Vertebral Body Osteonecrosis Mimicking Malignant Disease on 18F-FDG PET
Authors: Chaudhary Kanishk , Ngai Stanley 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We report a case of vertebral osteonecrosis after chemotherapy in a 24-year-old man with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with transient avidity on 18F-FDG PET initially misinterpreted as recurrent extranodal disease. The patient demonstrated a partial metabolic response on midtreatment restaging PET; however, posttreatment PET showed an increase in uptake in T4 and T5 vertebrae, interpreted as recurrent vertebral disease. Repeat PET performed 9 days later showed resolution of thoracic vertebral uptake without interval treatment. On follow-up PET study, thoracic vertebrae demonstrated photopenia with sclerosis on CT, concerning for osteonecrosis. MRI features were concordant with this diagnosis.
Superscan-Like Pattern on 18F-Choline PET/CT in a Patient With Essential Thrombocythemia
Authors: Urso Luca , Nieri Alberto , Borgia Francesca , Malorgio Antonio , Bartolomei Mirco 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Few clinical and preclinical articles reported the potential usefulness of 18F-choline PET/CT in several hematological proliferative diseases. We report and incidental finding of a superscan-like pattern in a patient affected by essential thrombocythemia (ET), performing 18F-choline PET/CT for a biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. The mild elevation of PSA values and the negativity of subsequent 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT allowed to correlate the diffuse skeletal uptake detected on 18F-choline PET/CT to the underlying hematologic disease, rather than to a prostate cancer relapse.
The Humeral Metastasis as the Initial Presentation of Lung Adenocarcinoma Revealed by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Hou Guozhu , Peng Pan , Zhao Yiting , Zheng Rong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma with humeral metastasis as the initial presentation is rare. We reported FDG PET/CT findings of solitary humeral metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the lung in a 57-year-old man with the right upper arm pain as the initial presentation. MRI showed bone destruction of the right humerus with a soft tissue mass, suggesting the possibility of malignancy. FDG PET/CT showed that the right humeral mass had strong activity, and there were additional FDG lesions in the right armpit, left apical lung, and left adrenal gland, which was later confirmed as humeral metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma by pathological examination.
Concurrent FDG-Avid and Non–FDG-Avid Pleomorphic Adenomas in the Submandibular Gland and Parapharyngeal Space
Authors: Park Soonchan , Lee Young Chan , Kim Gou Young , Kim Chanwoo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor of salivary glands. Here we present an interesting case of concurrent pleomorphic adenomas in the parapharyngeal space and submandibular gland. The tumors showed stark differences in the imaging findings on FDG PET/CT and MRI. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of pleomorphic adenomas with the different composition of the cellular component and chondromyxoid stroma. This case suggests that the difference in cellularity of pleomorphic adenomas can affect FDG uptake and diffusion-weighted MRI-derived apparent diffusion coefficient values.
Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis From Recurrent Glioblastoma Detected by MRI and 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT
Authors: Suárez-Piñera Marina , Pudis Michal , Vilariño Noelia , Baixeras Nuria , Torró Carlos Majós 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A 53-year-old man diagnosed with recurrent glioblastoma after multimodal treatment on a follow-up brain MRI. Because of a palpable mass in the neck, the patient underwent a whole-body 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT, which revealed hypermetabolic laterocervical confluent lymphadenopathies. A nodal cervical biopsy indicated distant metastases from glioblastoma. Recent studies have confirmed dural meningeal lymphatics, as part of the glymphatic system, which provide clearance of interstitial solutes from the brain parenchyma into cervical lymphatics. Nodal cervical metastases from glioblastoma, using this pathway, are extremely rare and have been almost unthinkable some years ago.
High 18F-FDG Uptake in a Papillary Craniopharyngioma of the Third Ventricle
Authors: Kaida Hayato , Matsukubo Yuko , Im Sung-Woon , Kashiwagi Nobuo , Ishii Kazunari 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Craniopharyngioma is a benign tumor classified as grade 1 by the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System. We present a rare case of a high-18F-FDG-avidity papillary craniopharyngioma of the third ventricle. A 65-year-old man underwent CT and MRI examinations for gait disturbance, lower-limb weakness, and urinary incontinence, and an oval solid tumor that extended from the suprasellar region to the third ventricle was identified. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed high accumulation (SUVmax, 22.3) in the tumor. A transventricular endoscopic tumor biopsy led to the diagnosis of papillary craniopharyngioma.
High Coronary Artery Calcium Score Is Associated With Increased Major Adverse Cardiac Events After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Su Amanda , Almazan Erik , Sakulsaengprapha Vorada , Shay Jessica , Wittstein Ilan , Hammami Muhammad , Pustavoitau Aliaksei , Rizkalla Nicole , Alqahtani Saleh , Woreta Tinsay , Hamilton James P. , Kohli Ruhail , Ottmann Shane E. , Gurakar Ahmet , Chen Po-Hung 
Published: February 2023

Background.
Liver transplantation (LT) candidates frequently have multiple cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after LT. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores are a noninvasive assessment of coronary artery disease using computed tomography. This study examines CAC scores and cardiac risk factors and their association with outcomes after LT.

Methods.
Patients who underwent LT between January 2010 and June 2019 with a pretransplant CAC score were included in this study. Patients were divided by CAC score into 4 groups (CAC score 0, CAC score 1–100, CAC score 101–400, CAC score >400). Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were defined as myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularization, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and cardiovascular death. Associations between CAC score and MACE or all-cause mortality within the 5-y post-LT follow-up period were analyzed using Cox regression. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05.

Results.
During the study period, 773 adult patients underwent their first LT, and 227 patients met our study criteria. The median follow-up time was 3.4 (interquartile range 1.9, 5.3) y. After 5 y, death occurred in 47 patients (20.7%) and MACE in 47 patients (20.7%). In multivariable analysis, there was no difference in death between CAC score groups. There was significantly higher risk of MACE in the CAC score >400 group, with a hazard ratio 2.58 (95% confidence interval 1.05, 6.29).

Conclusions.
CAC score was not associated with all-cause mortality. Patients with CAC score >400 had an increase in MACEs within the 5-y follow-up period compared with patients with a CAC score = 0. Further research with larger cohorts is needed to examine cardiac risk stratification in this vulnerable patient population.
Atherosclerosis and Intrarenal Resistance Index in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Bloemendal Niels T. , Hertsig Richella , Benjamens Stan , van de Kuit Anouk , Swaab Tim , Yakar Derya , Minnee Robert C. , Tielliu Ignace F.J. , Bakker Stephan J.L. , Pol Robert A. 
Published: February 2023

Background.
Atherosclerosis of the aortoiliac vessels can adversely affect kidney perfusion after kidney transplantation. Atherosclerosis severity can be determined using the calcium score (CaScore). Potential problems with posttransplantation kidney perfusion can be determined using the intrarenal resistance index (RI). This study investigated the association between aortoiliac CaScore and RI in kidney transplant recipients.

Methods.
Kidney transplant recipients (2004–2019), for whom the CaScore and RI were determined, were included in this dual-center cohort study. CaScore was measured in 3 aortoiliac segments using noncontrast CT imaging. RI was determined using Doppler ultrasound. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed between the CaScore and RI, adjusted for confounding variables.

Results.
The mean age of the 389 included patients was 59 (±13) y. The mean RI (unitless) was 0.71 (±0.09)‚ and the median CaScore (unitless) was 3340 (399–7833). In univariable linear regression analyses with RI as the dependent variable, CaScore (β = 0.011; P < 0.001) was positively associated with RI. Moreover, recipient age (β = 0.014; P < 0.001), history of diabetes (β = 0.029; P = 0.003), recipient history of vascular interventions (β = 0.032; P = 0.002), prior dialysis (β = 0.029; P = 0.003), deceased donor transplantation (β = 0.042; P < 0.001), donation after cardiac death (β = 0.036; P = 0.001), an increase in cold ischemia time (β = 0.011; P < 0.001), and the Comprehensive Complication Index (β = 0.006; P = 0.002) were also positively associated with RI, whereas preoperative recipient diastolic blood pressure (β = −0.007; P = 0.030) was inversely associated. In multivariable analyses, CaScore and RI remained significantly (P = 0.010) associated, independent of adjustment for potential confounders. Furthermore, in univariable linear regression analyses, multiple graft function characteristics were associated with RI.

Conclusions.
A significant association was found between CaScore and RI, independent of adjustment for multiple potential confounding factors, leading to a better insight into the development and interpretation of RI. Aortoiliac atherosclerosis should be considered when interpreting the RI and determining the possible cause of malperfusion and graft failure after kidney transplantation.
The Dietary Fermentable Fiber Inulin Alters the Intestinal Microbiome and Improves Chronic Kidney Disease Mineral-Bone Disorder in a Rat Model of CKD
Authors: Biruete Annabel , Chen Neal X. , Metzger Corinne E. , Srinivasan Shruthi , O’Neill Kalisha , Fallen Paul B. , Fonseca Austin , Wilson Hannah E. , de Loor Henriette , Evenepoel Pieter , Swanson Kelly S. , Allen Matthew R. , Moe Sharon M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundDietary fiber is important for a healthy diet, but intake is low in CKD patients and the impact this has on the manifestations of CKD-Mineral Bone Disorder (MBD) is unknown.MethodsThe Cy/+ rat with progressive CKD was fed a casein-based diet of 0.7% phosphate with 10% inulin (fermentable fiber) or cellulose (non-fermentable fiber) from 22 weeks to either 30 or 32 weeks of age (~30 and ~15 % of normal kidney function). We assessed CKD-MBD, cecal microbiota, and serum gut-derived uremic toxins. Two-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the effect of age and inulin diet, and their interaction.ResultsIn CKD animals, dietary inulin led to changes in microbiota alpha and beta diversity at 30 and 32 weeks, with higher relative abundance of several taxa, includingBifidobacteriumandBacteroides, and lowerLactobacillus. Inulin reduced serum levels of gut-derived uremic toxins, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone, but not fibroblast growth factor-23. Dietary inulin decreased aorta and cardiac calcification and reduced left ventricular mass index and cardiac fibrosis. Bone turnover and cortical bone parameters were improved with inulin; however, bone mechanical properties were not altered.ConclusionsThe addition of the fermentable fiber inulin to the diet of CKD rats led to changes in the gut microbiota composition, lowered gut-derived uremic toxins, and improved most parameters of CKD-MBD. Future studies should assess this fiber as an additive therapy to other pharmacologic and diet interventions in CKD.Significance StatementDietary fiber has well established beneficial health effects. However, the impact of fermentable dietary fiber on the intestinal microbiome and CKD-MBD is poorly understood. We used an animal model of progressive CKD and demonstrated that the addition of 10% of the fermentable fiber inulin to the diet altered the intestinal microbiota and lowered circulating gut-derived uremic toxins, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone. These changes were associated with improved cortical bone parameters, lower vascular calcification, and reduced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and calcification. Taken together, dietary fermentable fiber may be a novel additive intervention to traditional therapies of CKD-MBD.
Study on the expression of RAD51 in non-small cell lung cancer based on bioinformatics
Authors: Wu Jinghong , Zhang XianYu , Zhang Yanmei , Gao Fan , Wang Guangyan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveRAD51 is a DNA repair protein, which participates in the resistance of tumor cells to radiotherapy/chemotherapy and reduces the therapeutic effect. Based on the research status of RAD51 at home and abroad and the analysis of online databases, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between RAD51 expression and clinical patient survival and prognosis. It is expected to provide a new theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of lung cancer patients, help identify new molecular markers, and provide new targets for the biological therapy of lung cancer patients.Methodsthe RNA Seq data of NSCLC in TCGA database were downloaded, and the expression of RAD51 gene in NSCLC and normal tissues were analyzed by R studio software. Clinical correlation analysis revealed its correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer. Survival analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the expression level and the prognosis of patients. CIBERSORT and TIMER were used to evaluate the correlation between the expression level of CIBERSORT and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. The protein expression level of RAD51 in non-small cell lung cancer was evaluated by HPA.ResultsRAD51 was highly expressed in lung cancer (p<0.05), which was significantly associated with poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients (p=0.0026), but not with lung squamous cell carcinoma (p=0.76). The expression level of RAD51 mRNA was associated with different pathological stages of lung adenocarcinoma (p=0.000528), but not with different pathological stages of lung squamous cell carcinoma (p=0.326). RAD51 was positively correlated with the expression of TP53, BRAF, EGFR, MYC, PD-L1, and KRAS (p<0.001). In lung adenocarcinoma, lung cancer cells were positively correlated with CD4+memory T cells, CD8+T cells, and M1 macrophages (p<0.001). In lung squamous cell carcinoma, tumor cells were positively correlated with M1 macrophages (p<0.05), but not with CD4+T memory cells, CD8+T cells, M2 macrophages, and Tregs cells (p>0.05). The HPA database indicated that RAD51 protein was positive in non-small cell lung cancer.ConclusionRAD51 is highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. RAD51 can be used as a biomarker related to the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer and is expected to become a target for the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
Ataxin-2 polyglutamine expansions aberrantly sequester TDP-43, drive ribonucleoprotein condensate transport dysfunction and suppress local translation
Authors: Wijegunawardana Denethi , Vishal Sonali S. , Venkatesh Neha , Gopal Pallavi P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAltered RNA metabolism is a common pathogenic mechanism linked to familial and sporadic Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS is characterized by mislocalization and aggregation of TDP-43, an RNA-binding protein (RBP) with multiple roles in post-transcriptional RNA processing. Recent studies have identified genetic interactions between TDP-43 and Ataxin-2, a polyglutamine (polyQ) RBP in which intermediate length polyQ expansions confer increased ALS risk. Here, we used live-cell confocal imaging, photobleaching and translation reporter assays to study the localization, transport dynamics and mRNA regulatory functions of TDP-43/Ataxin-2 in rodent primary cortical neurons. We show that Ataxin-2 polyQ expansions aberrantly sequester TDP-43 within ribonucleoprotein (RNP) condensates, and disrupt both its motility along the axon and liquid-like properties. Our data suggest that Ataxin-2 governs motility and translation of neuronal RNP condensates and that Ataxin-2 polyQ expansions fundamentally perturb spatial localization of mRNA and suppress local translation. Overall, these results indicate Ataxin-2 polyQ expansions have detrimental effects on stability, localization, and translation of transcripts critical for axonal and cytoskeletal integrity, particularly important for motor neurons.
Singing from the same hymn sheet: are the chair and CEO ‘on the same page’ in their annual letters to shareholders?
Authors: Alshorman Salah Aldain Abdullah , Shanahan Martin 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore whether the level of language content matching (LCM) between the chair and the CEO varies with their firm's financial performance.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines a sample of 119 Australian firms and 476 annual letters to shareholders produced by the firms' chairs and CEOs over a four-year period. Chair–CEO LCM is measured by calculating the similarity score between the chair's and CEO's written text to shareholders within each firm year, while firm profitability is measured by return on assets. Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests as well as three multivariate linear models are used to examine the research question.FindingsThe results show that the profitability of the firm is significantly associated with the level of chair–CEO LCM. When a firm is profitable, there is a lower level of chair–CEO LCM than when the firm is unprofitable and that profitability is related to a lower level of chair–CEO LCM. Firm size is positively and significantly related to the level of chair–CEO LCM. These findings are supportive of the view that the written communications of the chair and CEO are the outcome of strategic considerations and depend on a firm's specific economic situation.Research limitations/implicationsFuture studies may consider alternative approaches to measure textual similarity.Social implicationsLCM may provide insights into management techniques that may be used to explain firm performance and provide a signal to external stakeholders, such as shareholders and fund managers.Originality/valueThis study provides new insights into the letters written by the chair and the CEO to explain or justify their firm's financial performance. Rather than focus on a single letter, this study examines the level of LCM between the shareholder letters of two different people in a firm (the chair and CEO) and finds that the extent of chair–CEO LCM is varying with firm performance and size. The findings of this study suggest that LCM is an important dimension of the communications of a firm's chair and CEO.