bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac-selective gene delivery of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) does not protect against diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction
Authors: Weeks Kate L. , Kiriazis Helen , Sergienko Nicola M. , Raaijmakers Antonia J.A. , Harmawan Claudia A. , Yildiz Gunes S. , Gregorevic Paul , Delb Lea M.D. , McMullen Julie R. , Bernardo Bianca C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

People with diabetes are at significantly higher risk of developing heart failure. Diabetic cardiomyopathy describes heart disease in patients with diabetes who have no other cardiac conditions. Specific therapies to treat the diabetic heart are limited. A key mechanism involved in the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy is dysregulation of cardiac energy metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine if increasing the expression of medium chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD; encoded by Acadm), a key regulator of fatty acid oxidation, could improve function of the diabetic heart. Male mice were administered streptozotocin to induce diabetes, which led to diastolic dysfunction 8 weeks post-injection. Mice then received cardiac-selective adeno-associated viral vectors encoding MCAD (rAAV6:MCAD) or control AAV and were followed for 8 weeks. rAAV6:MCAD did not improve diabetes-induced diastolic dysfunction or alter the expression of key metabolic genes (Ppargc1a, Ppara, Cpt1b, Slc2a4) or proteins (OXPHOS complexes). An inverse correlation between MCAD and perilipin 5 was observed, suggesting that altered MCAD expression may have an impact on lipid droplet accumulation in the diabetic heart.
The incremental healthcare cost associated with cancer in Belgium: a registry-based data analysis.
Authors: Gorasso Vanessa , Vandevijvere Stefanie , Heyden Johan Van der , Pelgrims Ingrid , Hilderink Henk , Nusselder Wilma , Demoury Claire , Schmidt Masja , Vansteelandt Stijn , De Smedt Delphine , Devleesschauwer Brecht 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Similar to many countries, Belgium experienced a rapid increase of cancer diagnoses in the last years. Considering that a large part of cancer types could be prevented, our study aimed to estimate the annual healthcare burden of cancer per site, and to compare cost with burden of disease estimates to have a better understanding of the impact of different cancer sites in Belgium.
Methods
We used nationally available data sources to estimate the healthcare expenditure. We opted for a prevalence-based approach which measures the disease attributable costs that occur concurrently for 10-year prevalent cancer cases in 2018. Average attributable costs of cancer were computed via matching of cases (patients with cancer by site) and controls (patients without cancer). Years of life lost due to disability (YLD) were used to summarize the health impact of the selected cancers.
Results
The highest attributable cost in 2018 among the selected cancers was on average €15,867 per patient for bronchus and lung cancer, followed by liver cancer, pancreatic cancer and mesothelioma. For the total cost, lung cancer was the most costly cancer site with almost €700 million spent in 2018. Lung cancer was followed by breast and colorectal cancer that costed more than €300 million each in 2018.
Conclusions
In our study, the direct attributable cost of the most prevalent cancer sites in Belgium was estimated to provide useful guidance for cost containment policies. Many of these cancers could be prevented by tackling risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and environmental stressors.
A 6th-8th c. wire-drawing iron plate with silver residue from a Vendel Period workshop in Old Uppsala, Sweden
Authors: Wärmländer Sebastian K.T.S. , Ljungkvist John , Jahrehorn Max , Hennius Andreas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Metal wire is in modern society manufactured by drawing metal rods through dies with conical holes of decreasing diameters, until the desired thickness is obtained. The history and origin of this technique remains unclear, although it was likely developed from earlier wire-making techniques such as strip-drawing and roll-drawing. Proper wire-drawing was an established technology in Europe during the High Middle Ages, and numerous draw-plates have been found at Scandinavian trading centres or hoards from the Viking Age. Here, we report the technical examination of an iron draw-plate found in Uppsala in central Sweden. The draw-plate was excavated in a Vendel Period fine metals workshop, located immediately next to the royal hall in Old Uppsala, an important religious centre during pagan times. X-ray and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the draw-plate revealed silver particles in the plate’s holes, indicating drawing of silver wire. The plate is dated to the 6th – 8th c., which makes it one of the oldest confirmed tools for wire-drawing so far encountered. The presence of this tool in the workshop indicates that some high-quality jewellery in this region was locally produced. Thus, the finding of this draw-plate increases our understanding of Vendel Period jewellery production, and of the social organization of this craft.
The role of α2-macroglobulin in endogenous uveitis in children
Authors: Katargina L. A. , Chesnokova N. B. , Denisova E. V. , Khrabrova M. A. , Beznos O. V. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: to analyze the activity of α2-macroglobulin (α2-MG) in the tear, blood serum (BS), and aqueous humour (AH) in children with uveitis, and to assess the possibility of using α2-MG for inflammation activity estimation and prognosis.Material and methods. 76 children with uveitis (135 eyes) aged 3 to 17 (ave. 10.45 ± 3.34 years), were tested for the activity of α2-MG (300 tear samples, 154 BS samples, 39 AH samples). The dynamics of α2-MG was assessed in the tear of 56 patients, and in BS of 53 patients. α2-MG activity was determined by the enzymatic method using the specific substrate N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-p-nitroanilide (BAPNA). The optical density was measured using a multifunctional photometer for Synergy MX microplates (BioTek, USA).Results. No correlation was found between the α2-MG activity and the inflammation activity and localization of uveitis. In contrast, a significant decrease in α2-MG activity was found in the tear after anti-inflammatory therapy (p = 0.013). Also, a significant preoperative α2-MG increase was noted in the tear of children who experienced fibrin effusion into the anterior chamber of the eye in the early postoperative period (p = 0.022) It was shown that α2-MG activity in BS drops significantly as the patients grow up (p = 0.025). As the degree of proliferation increases, the activity of α2-MG in AH also increases (p = 0.049).Conclusion. An increase of α2-MG activity in the tears in the preoperative period may be important for the prognosis of fibrin formation in the anterior chamber during the postoperative period. α2-MG in the tear is highly sensitive to anti-inflammatory drugs, which reduce its activity. In BS the highest activity of α2-MG was revealed at the age of 3–6 years, whereupon it is decreasing. In AH, the activity of α2-MG correlates with the stage of the proliferative process.
Ultrasound diagnostic criteria of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and optic neuritis
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Kiseleva T. N. , Eliseeva E. K. , Baeva A. V. , Lugovkina K. V. , Ryabina M. V. , Tankovsky V. E. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: to determine objective echographic criteria for the differential diagnosis of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) and optic neuritis (ON).Material and methods. The research involved 60 patients aged 40 to 60 years, including 30 patients with suspected AION and 30 patients with suspected ON. The control group consisted of 40 healthy volunteers. In addition to the standard ophthalmological examination, all patients underwent ultrasound optic nerve s examination with measurement of the optic nerve thickness and acoustic density (AD) of the parenchyma and optic nerve sheets. Assessment of blood flow in retrobulbar vessels was carried out in the modes of Color Doppler Imaging and pulse dopplerography.Results. There were no statistically significant differences in average echographic parameters of the optic nerve s thickness between the groups of patients with AION and ON. In patients with ON there was a statistically significant decrease in the average AD index compared to that in patients with AION and in healthy volunteers (106.02 ± 5.40 y. e., 146.58 ± 9.70 y.e. and 135.3 ± 2.1 y. e., accordingly). The AD values in all patients with AION exceeded 133 y. e., in patients with ON this index was less than 132 y. e. Evaluation of hemodynamic parameters in the vessels of the eye demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the peak systolic velocity (Vsyst) and end-diastolic velocity (Vdiast) blood flow in the central retinal artery and medial and lateral short posterior ciliary arteries in patients with AION (in 2-fold) compared with ON and normal indices (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between parameters of blood flow in patients with ON and in healthy volunteers. In addition, there were no significant intergroup differences of hemodynamic parameters of the ophthalmic artery (p > 0.05).Conclusions. AD of the optic nerve and parameters of blood flow velocities (Vsyst and Vdiast) in medial and lateral short posterior ciliary arteries can be attributed to the diagnostic criteria of the AION and ON.
Research on watershed water ecological management and compensation based on evolutionary game
Authors: Fu Yiwen , He Gang , Zhao Shuhang , Jiang Huaiyin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Ecological compensation is an effective way to alleviate watershed water ecological management. Considering the behavior of public participation, this paper constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model of the public, enterprises, and local governments, analyzes the evolutionary stability of the strategic choice of each participant, and discusses the influence of various factors on the strategic choice of the three parties. Combined with regional data, Matlab R2018b is used to simulate and analyze the evolution trend of each subject strategy in the Huaihe River Basin under different situations. The study found that: (1) The government's increase in rewards and punishments has significantly promoted public participation and enterprises' active governance of pollution, but increasing rewards and punishments are not conducive to local governments' own performance of regulatory responsibilities. (2) Increasing the amount of compensation and incentives is an effective way to promote public participation. (3) The sum of reputation gains, reputation losses, and rewards and punishments is greater than the difference between the additional benefits of negative governance and the cost of corporate governance, so as to ensure that enterprises actively control pollution.
Does ANN really acquire the physics of the system? A study using conceptual components from an established water balance model
Authors: Vidyarthi Vikas Kumar , Jain Ashu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are labeled as black-box techniques which limit their operational uses in hydrology. Recently, researchers explored techniques that provide insight into the various elements of ANN and their relationship with the physical components of the system being modeled which are commonly known as knowledge extraction (KE) techniques. However, the physical components of rainfall-runoff (RR) process utilized in these KE techniques are obtained from primitive baseflow separation techniques without considering other components of RR process utilizing mostly base flow and surface flow till now. To identify if ANN acquires physical components of the RR process, a well-established water balance model (Australian Water Balance Model) has been utilized first time in this study. For this purpose, correlation and visualization techniques have been used for the Kentucky River basin, USA. Results show that ANN architecture having a single hidden layer with four hidden neurons was the best in simulating RR process and each of the four hidden neurons corresponds to certain subprocesses of the overall RR process, i.e., two hidden neurons are capturing surface flow dynamics with lower and higher flows, one is capturing base flow dynamics, and last one is having good relations with past rainfalls showing that ANN captures physics of basin's RR process.
J.L Bastero de Eleizalde, El Espíritu Santo y María. Reflexión histórico teológica, EUNSA, Pamplona 2010, 356 pp., ISBN: 84-313-2683-2.
Authors: Soto Helfmann Claudio 
Published: July 2023

Esta obra forma parte de la colección teológica de la Universidad de Navarra. Juan Luis Bastero de Eleizalde es profesor ordinario de la Facultad de Teología de esta Universidad, miembro de la Sociedad Mariológica Española y de la Pontificia Academia Mariana Internacional. Entre otros títulos de escritos mariológicos podemos mencionar: Virgen Singular (Madrid 2001), María, Madre del Redentor (Pamplona 2009). Por estos mismos antecedentes no nos sorprende el interesante aporte que constituye el libroque ahora comentamos.
Study of Ultrasonographic Changes of the Adrenal Gland in Growth
Restricted Fetus
Authors: Hashreen Fathimath , Shetty Shraddha 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Fetuses with Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR) are at increased risk of chronic
intra-uterine hypoxia, due to increased secretion of corticosterone from the fetal adrenal glands. This
plays a major role in the cardiovascular and circulatory adaptation of FGR fetuses. These modifications
are untimely identified by sonographic imaging.

Objective:
To study the association between ultrasound features of the adrenal gland and growth restriction
in the fetus.

Methods:
A total of 104 pregnant women (52 FGR pregnancies and 52 controls) were evaluated between
28 and 36 weeks of gestation. All the study participants underwent transabdominal ultrasonography
to measure bilateral fetal adrenal gland volume and fetal zone volume, corrected for gestational
age. They were followed up until delivery. The two groups were compared to analyze the perinatal
outcome in relation to ultrasonographic changes in the adrenal gland.

Results:
The adrenal gland measurements were significantly larger in fetuses with FGR as compared
to the control group. FGR group had a larger corrected adrenal gland volume(cAGV) and fetal zone
and adrenal gland (FZ/AG)ratio A statistically significant correlation was found between the two
groups regarding gestational age at delivery, birth weight, APGAR score, and NICU admissions. Perinatal
morbidity was found to be higher among women diagnosed with FGR, i.e., 14 (53.84%).

Conclusion:
Fetal adrenal gland size measurement is important to identify FGR fetuses that are vulnerable
to hypoxia. It helps the obstetrician prepare for effective in-utero management to reduce perinatal
morbidity and mortality.
One-pot Synthesis of Some New Betulinic Acid Derivatives with Cytotoxicity
Against Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Ali Muhammad Shaiq , Ahmed Ghafoor , Rasheed Huma , Kainat Samiya , Fatima Itrat , Akbar Azra 
Published: July 2023

Background:
One-pot synthesis of new and biologically important betulinic acid derivatives has been designed and efficiently achieved in this work.

Methods:
The utilization of the carboxylic and hydroxyl moieties of betulinic acid has resulted in the development of a one-pot strategy towards the synthesis of some target compounds.

Results:
One-pot synthesis of new betulinic acid derivatives 3-9 has been achieved in moderate to high yields by way of esterification of the carboxylic functionality with a variety of alkylating agents. These were fully characterized by spectroscopic techniques.

Conclusion:
The synthesized new derivatives of betulinic acid were screened for their cytotoxic effect against human pancreatic cancer cells.
Introdução
Authors: Ribeiro Ana , De Sousa Carlos Mendes , Sousa Sérgio Guimarães 
Published: July 2023

O caráter polifacetado da carta faz dela um objeto de estudo particularmente estimulante, porque transversal a várias áreas. Justifica-se por isso a escolha da correspondência como tema deste número da Diacrítica. Nele se pretende reunir um conjunto de trabalhos originais ilustrativos de diferentes tipos de abordagem que permitam ilustrar a riqueza e as potencialidades de um domínio tão amplo e diversificado a que vem sendo dedicada crescente atenção. Sem excluir outras possibilidades, a presente chamada para artigos dirige-se particularmente a contributos provenientes dos estudos linguísticos, dos estudos literários e dos estudos culturais. No primeiro caso, enquanto produto linguístico, a carta permite tratar questões relacionadas com a heterogeneidade composicional, a organização textual, as estratégias linguísticas da (des)cortesia ou da (in)delicadeza, da representação do “eu” e do destinatário, da implicação deste no texto, entre outras. No domínio dos estudos literários, tanto as cartas de escritores, com ou sem recorte literário, como o aproveitamento literário do modelo textual da carta ou o emprego da carta como elemento narrativo, apresentam fecundas vias de abordagem, que vão desde o lugar da correspondência na obra de um escritor, às relações entre a epistolografia e os géneros autobiográficos, à construção da imagem do “eu” como escritor, às relações entre as cartas de um escritor e a sua restante obra, por exemplo. A emergência e as metamorfoses da carta são, desde logo, assunto do foro dos estudos culturais. Para além destes assuntos mais vastos, a carta poderá também fornecer pistas sobre a construção social da intimidade, sobre questões de sociabilidade, de género, de relacionamento entre géneros, ou, atendendo à sua particular relação com a viagem, sobre questões de auto e hetero-representação. A conjugação de diversos olhares concorrerá para encarar de outro modo esta forma de memória que, utilizando ou não recursos artísticos, não se limita a ser o território da expressão de um “eu”.
Prevalence of dental caries in pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Volosovets T.M. , Dikova I.G. , Mozyrska O.V. , Slyusar N.A. 
Published: July 2023

Background. Children with atopic dermatitis may be at increased risk of developing dental caries. This problem is poorly understood and needs attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the oral health status of children and adolescents with atopic dermatitis. Materials and methods. One hundred children with atopic dermatitis aged 2 to 17 years, median of 6 [3.5; 10], and 103 children without atopic dermatitis, median age 7 [5; 12.5] years, were included in the study. Clinical parameters included age, sex, age of onset and severity of atopic dermatitis according to the SCORing AD index (SCORAD). Patients with at least one type of caries at any stage of progression (from white spots to carious lesions with pulpal damage) were included in the caries group. The risk of caries in the atopic dermatitis group and in healthy children, and the significance of the presence of asthma and allergic rhinitis for the development of caries were evaluated using the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results were considered statistically significant at the p < 0.05 level. Results. Caries was detected in 46 % of children with atopic dermatitis and 22 % controls (OR = 2.9630, CI 1.6131–5.4424, p = 0.0005). In the group of allergic rhinitis, 24 patients were found to have caries, and among those without allergic rhinitis, 22 children had caries. It was found that patients with concomitant allergic rhinitis were significantly more likely to develop caries (OR = 3.4406, CI 1.4693–8.0563, p = 0.0044). No such significance was found depending on the presence of asthma (OR = 1.3986, CI 0.4913–3.9814, p = 0.5). Conclusions. Children with atopic dermatitis have a significantly higher risk of dental caries than healthy children. Based on the results of our study, clinicians should be aware of dental manifestations in patients with atopic dermatitis and recommend regular dental examinations for early caries detection.
Identifikasi Keragaman dan Dominansi Gulma di Perkebunan Teh, Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina
Authors: Afiyah Nurul , Endro Kusumo Yudiwanti Wahyu , Zaman Sofyan , Fauziah Fani 
Published: July 2023

Budidaya tanaman teh tidak lepas dari proses pemeliharaan yang salah satunya adalah pengendalian gulma. Gulma merupakan tumbuhan liar yang tumbuh di sekitar tanaman budidaya yang kehadirannya merugikan tanaman budidaya. Pengendalian gulma perlu dilakukan agar tanaman dapat dibudidayakan secara produktif dan efisien. Dominansi gulma dapat membantu mengidentifikasi gulma di suatu areal sehingga pengendalian gulma dapat dilakukan secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina (PPTK), Gambung pada bulan Januari hingga Mei 2022. Pengamatan metode analisis vegetasi yang digunakan adalah metode kuadran di masing-masing blok kebun berdasarkan tahun pangkas. Gulma yang teridentifikasi di perkebunan teh sebanyak 44 jenis yang terbagi berdasarkan 3 golongan yaitu 38 jenis gulma berdaun lebar, 2 jenis gulma teki, dan 4 jenis gulma rumput. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa gulma yang tumbuh pada Tahun Pangkas 1 didominansi oleh Commelina benghalensis, Tahun Pangkas 2 didominansi oleh Mitracarpus hirtus, Tahun Pangks 3 dan 4 didominansi oleh Ageratum conyzoides. Nilai koefisien komunitas antar tahun pangkas < 70% yang artinya populasi gulma tersebut heterogen. Pengendalian gulma secara manual menggunakan parang dan secara kimiawi menggunakan herbisida yang disemprotkan dengan menggunakan knapsack sprayer. Herbisida yang digunakan berbahan aktif Isopropilamina glifosat dengan dosis berkisar 2 L/ha, konsentrasi 5–5,3 mL/L dan volume semprot 375–400 L/ha. Waktu aplikasi pengendalian gulma secara kimiawi di perkebunan teh dilakukan pada pagi hari.