bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scientific Support Active City: Eine theoriegeleitete Bedarfsanalyse
zur städtischen Bewegungsförderung
Authors: Schumacher Nils , Bischoff Laura L. , Schäfer Ines , Obi Nadia , Fertmann Regina , Reer Rüdiger , Blankenberg Stefan 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die positive Wirkung von Bewegung für die Gesundheit
ist gut belegt. Dennoch scheinen städtische Maßnahmen zur
Förderung der körperlichen Aktivität bisher nicht
ausreichend erfolgreich umgesetzt zu werden. Ziel des vorliegenden Artikels ist
die detaillierte Darstellung einer Bedarfsanalyse zur Förderung der
körperlichen Aktivität im Rahmen des Projektes
„Scientific Support Active City“ in Hamburg.
Methodik In Anlehnung an den Intervention Mapping (IM) Ansatz wird
zunächst eine systematische Bedarfsanalyse in fünf Schritten
durchgeführt. Hierzu werden (1) Verantwortlichkeiten der
Akteur*innen festgelegt, (2) Zielgruppen definiert und (3)
verfügbare Datenquellen gesichtet, erfasst und geprüft. Auf
dieser Basis sollen (4) Prävalenzen körperlicher
Aktivität für die Zielgruppen dargestellt, (5) Ziele
konkretisiert und erste Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet werden.
Ergebnisse Nach Definition eines Kernteams sowie eines erweiterten
Akteursnetzwerkes wurden für die Zielgruppen Kinder und Jugendliche,
Erwachsene und ältere Erwachsene verfügbare Datenquellen
identifiziert, die im Sinne eines Multi-Source Ansatzes zur Analyse des
Bewegungsverhaltens genutzt werden können. Die zielgruppenspezifische
Analyse verdeutlicht den Bedarf an weiteren repräsentativen Daten sowie
Fördermaßnahmen z. B. für Frauen mit niedriger
Bildung und Kindern aus sozio-ökonomisch schlechter gestellten
Regionen.
Schlussfolgerung Der IM-Ansatz hat sich in der Ausgestaltung der
Bedarfsanalyse des Projektes „Scientific Support Active City“
als anwendbar erwiesen. Die initiierte Zusammenarbeit des Netzwerkes sowie der
Evidenz basierte Ansatz zur Ableitung erster Bedarfe scheinen einen
erfolgsversprechenden Ansatz zur Förderung der körperlichen
Aktivität darzustellen. Eine langfristige städtische
Gesamtstrategie für die Bewegungsförderung auf der Basis
kooperativer wissensbasierter Zielfindung kann damit kurzfristige Einzelprojekte
ablösen.
Repurposing of FDA Approved Drugs and Neuropep peptides as Anticancer
Agents Against ErbB1 and ErbB2
Authors: Patnaik Sunil Kumar , Swaroop Akey Krishna , Naik Mudavath Ravi , Selvaraj Jubie , Chandrasekar Moola Joghee Nanjan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractErbB1 and ErbB2 are the most important biological targets in cancer drug
discovery and development of dual inhibitors for the cancer therapy. FDA
approved drugs and Neuropep peptides were used to fit into the ATP binding site
of the tyrosine kinases; ErbB1 and ErbB2 proteins. Cytoscape, iGEMDOCK, HPEPDOCK
and DataWarrior softwares were used to study the role of these agents as
anticancer drugs. Eleven FDA approved drugs and eleven Neuropep peptides showed
the strongest 2D interactions and significant binding energy with the proteins.
Invitro MTT anticancer assay revealed that, the test compounds,
peptide YSFGL and doxorubicin showed significant IC50 value
(µM) of 26.417±0.660 and 7.675±0.278 respectively which
are compared with the lapatinib standard IC50 value (µM) of
2.380±0.357 against A549 cells and IC50 value (µM) of
39.047±0.770 and 8.313±0.435 respectively which are compared
with the lapatinib standard IC50 value (µM) of
3.026±0.180 against MDA-MB-231 cells.
Training zur Behandlung von Rückenschmerzen – ein
Überblick zum Stand der Wissenschaft und Perspektiven
Authors: Engel Tilman , Risch Lucie , Mayer Frank 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungRückenschmerzen sind weit verbreitet und weltweit eine der
führenden Ursachen für eine eingeschränkte
körperliche Funktion und Belastbarkeit. Training und Bewegung
zählen neben kognitiver Verhaltenstherapie und Edukation zu den
First-Line-Treatments, vor allem bei chronischen nicht-spezifischen
Rückenschmerzen. Die Wirksamkeit von Training kann anhand von
Einzelstudien sowie RCTs und Metaanalysen belegt werden. Dabei zeigt sich, dass
Training anderen konservativen Behandlungsformen überlegen ist.
Evidenz-basiert lässt sich derzeit keine spezifische Trainingsform als
am wirksamsten identifizieren. Es zeigt sich jedoch wiederholt, dass vor allem
Trainingsprogramme, die sowohl die (senso)motorische Kontrolle und
Stabilisationsfähigkeit als auch die Kräftigung des Rumpfes in
den Fokus legen, sich als besonders geeignet zur Reduktion der Schmerzen und der
damit verbundenen Einschränkungen erweisen. Messbare
neuromuskuläre Defizite im Zusammenhang mit Rückenschmerzen
untermauern dabei die Bedeutung des Trainings der reaktiven motorischen
Kontrolle, vor allem in Situationen mit plötzlichen Lasteinwirkungen.
Allerdings lassen sich derzeit evidenz-basierte Empfehlungen zur Dosis-Wirkung
nur begrenzt ableiten. Schließlich ist die Notwendigkeit einer
möglichen Individualisierung des Trainings zu klären.
Multiple Small Bowel Intussusceptions in the Setting of Anabolic Steroid Use
Authors: Davies Alex , Sangiorgio Michael , Patwardhan Ashwin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAdult intussusception is a rare phenomenon and often provides a unique diagnostic challenge, typically involving extensive investigation to rule out sinister pathology. We present the case of a healthy 28-year-old male, who presented with symptoms suggestive of small bowel obstruction. Computed tomography displayed evidence of a small bowel intussusception; however, thorough investigation was unremarkable, besides a marked polycythemia. The patient represented several months later with another bowel obstruction, at which time he disclosed the regular use of androgenous anabolic steroids (AAS), which are recognized to induce polycythemia. AAS increase the risk of thromboembolic events and have more recently been implicated as a risk factor for intussusception. This case aims to highlight the increasing prevalence of AAS use, and the importance of its consideration in diagnostic dilemmas, particularly in otherwise healthy adults presenting with intussusception.
Role of Morphology in the Diagnosis of Acute Leukemias: Systematic Review
Authors: Sekar Mithraa Devi , Raj Manasa , Manivannan Prabhu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe role of hematopathologists in the diagnosis of acute leukemia (AL) starts with the morphological examination of either peripheral blood smear or bone marrow. The morphological hallmark for the myeloblast includes “Auer rods” and “Phi bodies.” The addition of cytochemical stains such as myeloperoxidase, Sudan Black B, periodic acid-Schiff stain, nonspecific esterase, and Perls' stain acts as an important adjunct to the morphological classification in the resource-constrained settings. The recent World Health Organization classification still endorses the utility of morphology which requires the presence of either ≥ 20% lymphoblasts or myeloblasts/or its equivalents (monoblasts, promonocytes, or megakaryoblasts) and integrates it with the clinical features, immunophenotyping (IP), and molecular genetics for making the diagnosis of AL. Morphology can give clue to the specific diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8:21), t(15:17), t(16:16), or inv(16) and this diagnosis can be made irrespective of blasts count if such translocations are demonstrated by molecular tests. There are some interesting findings such as blasts with “hand-mirror” morphology, nuclear cleavage, prominent cytoplasmic vacuoles, pseudo-Chediak-Higashi granules, cup-like nucleus, and other dysplastic features helping in differentiating lymphoid and myeloid leukemias. Transient abnormal myelopoiesis in Down syndrome and hypoplastic AL can be picked up on morphological examination. Bone marrow biopsy would be greatly beneficial and complementary to aspirate smears and is required for diagnosing exact cellularity, topography of cells, dyspoiesis, myelonecrosis, gelatinous marrow transformation, myelofibrosis, and IP can be performed using immunohistochemistry. Morphological examination in AL is not only helpful for diagnosis but also useful for predicting the prognosis in posttherapy cases, AML with myelodysplasia-related changes, therapy-related myeloid neoplasms, and mixed phenotype AL. Hematogones, blastoid mantle cell lymphoma, high grade B cell lymphoid with blastoid morphology, Burkitt leukemia, prolymphocytes in prolymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia variant, plasmablasts especially in plasmablastic leukemia, or plasma cell leukemia can mimic AL and IP is useful in these situations. Hence, morphology should be considered as a kind of “gold-standard” starting point for the analysis of AL cases. Morphological examination cannot be replaced and advanced tests cannot be used as surrogate for morphology.
Deployment-Related Respiratory Disease: Where Are We?
Authors: Krefft Silpa D. , Zell-Baran Lauren M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMilitary personnel and veterans who have deployed to Afghanistan, Iraq, and parts of Southwest Asia (SWA) since 1990 are at risk of developing a host of respiratory symptoms and deployment-related respiratory diseases (DRRDs). This review aims to summarize our current understanding of DRRD and inform pulmonary practitioners of recent updates to DRRD screening, diagnosis, evaluation, and management. The most common respiratory diseases in these patients include asthma, chronic sinonasal disease, laryngeal disease/dysfunction, and distal lung disease. Pulmonary function testing and chest imaging are the most commonly used diagnostic tools, but techniques such as lung clearance index testing via multiple breath washout, forced oscillation testing/impulse oscillometry, and quantitative chest computed tomography (CT) assessment appear promising as noninvasive modalities to aid in lung disease detection in this population. We also summarize guidance on conducting an occupational and deployment exposure history as well as recommendations for testing. Finally, we discuss the Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022 (PACT Act) that includes a list of health conditions that are “presumptively” considered to be related to SWA military deployment toxic exposures, and provide resources for clinicians who evaluate and treat patients with DRRD.
An Assessment of the Three Popular Prognostic Scoring Systems for Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) in an Indian Context
Authors: Saha Anurag , Kakoty Sneha , Patel Kazoomi , Rai Varnika , Sawhney Jyoti , Menat Nainesh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a rare clonal hematopoietic neoplasm with a prevalence of 1.05 to 1.94 cases per 1,00,000 population. There are multiple prognostic scoring system used in practice for CMML, which include both cytogenetic and next-generation sequencing based.
Objective This study assesses the clinicohematological profile of CMML patients, along with comparison of three widely used prognostic scoring systems for CMML (CMML-specific prognostic scoring system, MD Anderson prognostic score, Mayo prognostic model).
Materials and Methods: This study is an 8-year retrospective study. All relevant data had been retrieved and reviewed by the authors. Inclusion and exclusion criteria: All the cases that were diagnosed before 2016 as per 2008 criteria were reclassified, (2) all the cases that were positive for the mutations associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms were excluded, and (3) cases with more than or equal to 20% blast/blast equivalents were excluded. A univariate analysis was done followed by a multivariate analysis for all the parameters constituting each scoring system. Lastly, a receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted for all the three scoring systems.
Result: There were total 23 patients, with a median age of 63 years and a male to female ratio of 2.3:1. Cytogenetic aberration and genetic mutation were observed in 6 and 3 cases, respectively. The median overall survival (OS) was 48 months and the median leukemia-free survival was 12 months. Post-multivariate analysis, the parameters with significant impact on OS were absolute monocyte count more than 10 × 10^9/L, myeloid precursors in peripheral blood, hemoglobin less than 10g/dL, platelet less than 100 × 10^9/L, hemoglobin less than 12g/dL, and absolute lymphocyte count more than 2.5 × 10^9/L.
Conclusion: To summarize, we discovered CPSS to be a better prognostic tool for a setup like ours, since molecular investigations are not always readily available for each case. More such researches are needed in the near future so that we can design better prognostic tools and see for their usefulness in real life.
A Rare Presentation of Sphingomonas paucimobilis in a Healthy Child: Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yilmaz Busra Zeynep , Akcan Özge Metin , Pekcan Sevgi , Parlatan Havva , Emlik Ganime Dilek , Doğan Metin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a rarely pathogenic organism that usually infects immunocompromised patients and causes nosocomial infections, but a few community-acquired infections have been identified in relatively healthy adult patients. Herein we report a 5-year-old child who presented with acute ischemic stroke caused by S. paucimobilis that was treated successfully with antibiotics and antithrombotic agents. According to our knowledge, this is the first case of acute ischemic infarction with S. paucimobilis in a previously healthy child.
Octopamine metabolically reprograms astrocytes to confer neuroprotection against α-synuclein
Authors: Shum Andrew , Zaichick Sofia , McElroy Gregory S. , D’Alessandro Karis , Alasady Milad J. , Novakovic Michaela , Peng Wesley , Grebenik Ekaterina A. , Chung Daayun , Flanagan Margaret E. , Smith Roger , Morales Alejandro , Stumpf Laetitia , McGrath Kaitlyn , Krainc Dimitri , Mendillo Marc L. , Prakriya Murali , Chandel Navdeep S. , Caraveo Gabriela 
Published: April 2023

Octopamine is a well-established invertebrate neurotransmitter involved in fight or flight responses. In mammals, its function was replaced by epinephrine. Nevertheless, it is present at trace amounts and can modulate the release of monoamine neurotransmitters by a yet unidentified mechanism. Here, through a multidisciplinary approach utilizing in vitro and in vivo models of α-synucleinopathy, we uncovered an unprecedented role for octopamine in driving the conversion from toxic to neuroprotective astrocytes in the cerebral cortex by fostering aerobic glycolysis. Physiological levels of neuron-derived octopamine act on astrocytes via a trace amine-associated receptor 1–Orai1–Ca
2+
–calcineurin-mediated signaling pathway to stimulate lactate secretion. Lactate uptake in neurons via the monocarboxylase transporter 2–calcineurin-dependent pathway increases ATP and prevents neurodegeneration. Pathological increases of octopamine caused by α-synuclein halt lactate production in astrocytes and short-circuits the metabolic communication to neurons. Our work provides a unique function of octopamine as a modulator of astrocyte metabolism and subsequent neuroprotection with implications to α-synucleinopathies.
Social perceptions of /f/ fortition in Guatemalan Spanish
Authors: Baird Brandon 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Research on Guatemalan Spanish has increasingly shown the effects of contact with Mayan languages. However,
whereas most studies have focused on the structural outcomes of Spanish-Mayan contact, fewer studies have analyzed how native
Guatemalans socially perceive these features and, by extension, those who employ them. This study presents an analysis of one
contact feature of Guatemalan Spanish: the fortition of the voiceless labiodental fricative, or /f/ > [p]. Results of a matched
guise of 116 native listeners of Guatemalan Spanish reveal that [p] guises index speakers as Maya and elicit more negative overt
and covert attitudes than [f] guises. Furthermore, participants who self-identified as Maya were more likely to rate [p] guises as
less prestigious than participants who did not identify as Maya, indicating that the Maya participants may display outgroup
favoritism in order to disassociate themselves with the discrimination and racism that often accompanies their racial identity in
Guatemala.
The perspectives and trends of THz technology in material research for future communication - a comprehensive review
Authors: Shi Ling-Feng , Zahid Adnan , Ren Aifeng , Ali Muhammad Zulfiqar , Yue Hong , Imran Muhammad Ali , Shi Yifan , Abbasi Qammer H 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the realm of terahertz (THz) has seen a new paradigm of unprecedented development and offered new possibilities to strengthen the communication sector by studying the dielectric properties of different materials. The aim of this article is to present a comprehensive review of various THz technologies that have been employed to investigate the intrinsic characteristics of different materials. In addition, the study highlights the significance use of THz wave guides with some discussion on sources, and detectors and components. Towards the end, it highlights the future trends of THz technology and the challenges. The paper concludes that THz technology has a promising potential and offer new opportunities for applications in characterization of composite materials.
The Width–Flux Relation of the Broad Iron Kα Line during the State Transitions of the Black Hole X-Ray Binaries
Authors: Shui Hang-Ying , Xie Fu-Guo , Yan Zhen , Ma Ren-Yi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The observations of varying broad iron lines during the state transition of the black hole X-ray binaries have been accumulating. In this work, the relation between the normalized intensity and the width of iron lines is investigated, in order to understand better the variation of iron lines and possibly its connection to state transition. Considering the uncertainties due to ionization and illuminating X-rays, only the effects of geometry and gravity are taken into account. Three scenarios were studied, i.e., the continuous disk model, the innermost annulus model, and the cloud model. As shown by our calculations, at given iron width, the line flux of the cloud model is smaller than that of the continuous disk model; while for the innermost annulus model, the width is almost unrelated with the flux. The range of the line strength depends on both the BH spin and the inclination of the disk. We then apply to the observation of MAXI J1631-479 by Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array during its decay from the soft state to the intermediate state. We estimated the relative line strength and width according to the spectral fitting results in Xu et al., and then compared with our theoretical width–flux relation. It was found that the cloud model was more favored. We further modeled the iron line profiles, and found that the cloud model can explain both the line profile and its variation with reasonable parameters.
Preliminary Simulation and Manufacture of a 40-element PAF Prototype for FAST
Authors: Wang Jun , Jin Chengjin , Peng Bo , Zhu Yan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the preliminary simulation results of the prototype 40-element phased array feed (PAF) array for the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) and the measurement of a manufactured single Vivaldi element. The simulation results include the characteristic of a standalone Vivaldi element. The full-wave simulation of the explicit PAF array is carried out, from which the performance of the embedded elements and the mutual coupling among the elements could be accurately inferred. The performance of the combination of the PAF and the main reflector of FAST is calculated. The results imply that the PAF combined with the FAST antenna could operate over a much wider bandwidth from 650 to 1450 MHz compared with the standalone element. The antenna temperature remains almost the same for zenith angles from 0 to 40°. From the simulation results, the PAF shows good potential to improve the performance of FAST. A measurement of a manufactured Vivaldi element is also presented.
Pulsar Candidate Classification Using a Computer Vision Method from a Combination of Convolution and Attention
Authors: Cai Nannan , Han Jinlin , Jing Weicong , Zhang Zekai , Zhou Dejiang , Chen Xue 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Artificial intelligence methods are indispensable to identifying pulsars from large amounts of candidates. We develop a new pulsar identification system that utilizes the CoAtNet to score two-dimensional features of candidates, implements a multilayer perceptron to score one-dimensional features, and relies on logistic regression to judge the corresponding scores. In the data preprocessing stage, we perform two feature fusions separately, one for one-dimensional features and the other for two-dimensional features, which are used as inputs for the multilayer perceptron and the CoAtNet respectively. The newly developed system achieves 98.77% recall, 1.07% false positive rate (FPR) and 98.85% accuracy in our GPPS test set.
Sodium Abundances in Very Metal-poor Stars
Authors: Shen Yu-Fu , Alexeeva S. A. , Zhao Gang , Liu Shuai , Zhou Zeming , Yan Hongliang , Li Haining , Chen Tianyi , Xu Xiaodong , Chen Huiling , Zhang Huawei , Shi Jianrong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Chemical composition of very metal-poor (VMP) stars can provide observational constraints on current models of nucleosynthesis and the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. It has been found that the scatter of [Na/Fe] versus [Fe/H] in VMP stars is very large in contrast with most other elements. Moreover, a negative slope in [Na/Fe] versus [Fe/H] was found for giants, which is very unlikely according to the theory of nucleosynthesis. For the sample of 93 VMP stars in the metallicity range −4.25 < [Fe/H] < −1.64 we obtained NLTE sodium abundances using the line profile fitting method by employing accurate atmospheric parameters determined when taking into account NLTE line formation for both Fe i and Fe ii. Originally selected from the LAMOST low-resolution spectral database, the spectra of stars were obtained with the High Dispersion Spectrograph of the Subaru Telescope. For 57 turn-off stars in metallicity domain −3.04 < [Fe/H] < −1.64, we obtained mean [Na/Fe] = −0.29 ± 0.14 and positive slope 0.09 ± 0.06. For 21 giants distributed over metallicity −3.59 < [Fe/H] < −2.19, we found mean [Na/Fe] = −0.35 ± 0.1 and positive slope 0.07 ± 0.07. Our [Na/Fe] trend is lower by ∼0.2 dex, compared to the modern GCE model. We believe the GCE model should be adjusted, by considering the associated scatter. Twelve stars in our sample are found to be outliers, with too low or too high Na abundances.
Speedy in-situ magnetic field compensation algorithm for multiple-channel single-beam SERF atomic magnetometers
Authors: Long Tengyue , Song Xinda , Han Bangcheng , Suo Yuchen , Jia Le 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The currently employed algorithms for the magnetic field compensation of single-beam spin-exchange relaxation-free atomic magnetometers are excessively slow and unstable, which limits the use and commercialization of magnetometer arrays for biological magnetic measurement. This study proposes an improved trisection algorithm (ITSA) to compensate for the magnetic field around the vapor cell in an attempt to resolve these limitations. Through the constant monitoring of the intensity of light emitted from a laser, the proposed algorithm reduces the time required to compensate for magnetic fields to 0.85 s in a single magnetometer, which is nine times faster than the traditional algorithm, and to 26 s in 36-channel magnetoencephalography equipment, which is 15.5 times faster than the traditional algorithm. In addition, an approximately 16% increase in measuring sensitivities is achieved based on the ITSA compared with the traditional algorithm. These improvements can promote the usage efficiency and commercialization of biological magnetic measurement instruments. Furthermore, the ITSA is verified using an experimental setup and the mathematical analysis and comparable experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.