bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constructing Latinidad as a constrained credential: Anti‐Blackness and racialized inequities in a majority Latinx middle school
Authors: Gamez Rebeca 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFrom data gathered during 18 months of ethnographic fieldwork, this paper unpacks the implications of five ethnographic examples describing interactions between educators and students at New Horizons, a majority Latinx middle school, to demonstrate that the circulation of racialized “good Latinx” narratives legitimates differential allocation of limited school resources between those imagined as falling into the good Latinx category and those that do not because they are ascribed Blackness (i.e., African American and Afro‐Latinx youth). That is, the discursive construction of Latinidad as well‐behaved, hard‐working, and specifically non‐Black positioned it as a racialized yet privileged credential at school. In these circumstances, Latinidad may at best be considered a constrained credential.
Pilot feasibility and acceptability study evaluating use of group CBT‐I in improving sleep and fatigue in older adults
Authors: Smyth Aisling , Alam Shehnas , Pangerl Sabine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis paper describes a pilot study, in a small sample of older adults, designed to ascertain the feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness of group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy For Insomnia (CBT‐I).MethodsEleven older adults participated in a 3‐week group CBT‐I intervention with pre‐ and post‐intervention outcome measures of sleep and fatigue. Acceptability was measured via post‐intervention focus groups. Feasibility was measured via recruitment, retention and completion data. Subjective sleep outcomes were measured pre‐ and post‐intervention using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Fatigue was measured using the Fatigue Severity Index. Objective sleep outcome measures were obtained via pre‐ and post‐intervention wrist actigraphy.ResultsFeasibility and acceptability were confirmed in the pilot study. Retention and completion levels were high, with participants largely positive in the focus group feedback. Preliminary sleep outcome data supported the potential effectiveness of the intervention in significantly improving several measures of sleep and fatigue including a three‐point reduction in the Global PSQI scores, an increase in total sleep time of almost an hour per night and these results were mirrored by a significant reduction of nine points in the overall measure of fatigue severity.ConclusionsA group CBT‐I intervention is a low‐cost, low‐risk intervention which improves subjective and objective measures of sleep in older adults. These positive sleep outcomes are translated into significantly decreased levels of fatigue. Future research should focus on a larger sample size with a randomised controlled trial design.
To be or not to be: Arts‐based approaches in public health messaging for dementia awareness and prevention
Authors: Siette Joyce , Dodds Laura , Catanzaro Michelle , Allen Sayler 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesMultiple modifiable risk factors exist across the lifespan to reduce dementia prevalence, and public understanding of these factors is increasing. Yet dementia is frequently misunderstood and stigmatised, and dementia prevention is not generally recognised as a health priority. Current limitations of public health campaigns for dementia prevention must be addressed and innovative alternatives developed to improve public comprehension and implementation of preventative action across all stages of life.MethodsIn searching various databases and public information on dementia prevention, restraints were found in current health messaging which did not reflect the complexity of this health issue and address diversity of its impact across cultures and ages. In consultation with researchers and public health organisations, we outline four case studies in Australia where innovative arts‐based approaches have been adopted and discuss the potential for arts‐based approaches to address these gaps.ResultsArts‐based approaches have the unique capacity to shift perceptions on ageing and dementia, overcome language and literacy barriers, represent health concerns across cultures, and actively involve individuals, communities and healthcare professionals in the process of dementia prevention. Future campaigns can engage a variety of communities and environments with art mediums suited to their preferences, capacities and efficacy.ConclusionsRecommendations include example mediums, environments and people to engage. Future research is required to understand the impact of, and to improve, the long‐term adoption of innovative arts‐based approaches in dementia prevention practices.
A Clear and Present Pedagogy: Teaching About Planetary Crisis (When You're in a Planetary Crisis)
Authors: Suarez Daniel Chiu , Kircher Cora , Santi Tara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe task of teaching about acute ecological crisis presents a vital pedagogical challenge and an important provocation for critical scholars. Across various environmental subfields, educators are revisiting fundamental and politically significant questions concerning what to teach, how to teach, and even why to teach as their traditional subject matter transforms around them. In this article, we explore how environmental educators are grappling with the implications of what they are teaching and consider the politicising effects of this predicament. We show how this distinctive educational context, beyond posing bewildering learning challenges, is also creating unique openings for radical scholarship in higher education. Through interviews with educators endeavouring to teach about planetary environmental crisis (from within an exceedingly dire planetary environmental crisis), we examine diverse attempts to interpret the radical demands of this learning challenge and to negotiate its many complexities, practical difficulties, and political possibilities.
Prospective direct comparison of non‐invasive liver tests in outpatients with type 2 diabetes using intention‐to‐diagnose analysis
Authors: Poynard Thierry , Deckmyn Olivier , Peta Valentina , Paradis Valérie , Gautier Jean‐Francois , Brzustowski Angélique , Bedossa Pierre , Castera Laurent , Pol Stanislas , Valla Dominique ,   the Quid‐Nash Consortium
Published: August 2023

SummaryBackgroundNo prospective diagnostic studies have directly compared widespread non‐invasive liver tests in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) using the intention‐to‐diagnose method for each of the three main histological features of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease ‐ namely fibrosis, metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and steatosis.AimsTo compare the performance of nine tests using the intention‐to‐diagnose rather than the standard method, which would exclude non‐evaluable participantsMethodsBiopsy was used as the reference with predetermined cut‐offs, advanced fibrosis being the main endpoint. The Nash‐FibroTest panel including FibroTest‐T2D, SteatoTest‐T2D and MashTest‐T2D was optimised for type 2 diabetes. FibroTest‐T2D was compared to vibration‐controlled transient elastography stiffness (VCTE), two‐dimensional shear‐wave elastography stiffness (TD‐SWE), and Fibrosis‐4 blood test. NashTest‐T2D was compared to aspartate aminotransferase. SteatoTest‐T2D was compared to the controlled attenuation parameter and the hepatorenal gradient.ResultsAmong 402 cases, non‐evaluable tests were 6.7% for VCTE, 4.0% for hepatorenal gradient, 3.2% for controlled attenuation parameter, 1.5% for TD‐SWE, 1.2% for NashTest‐T2D, and 0.02% for Fibrosis‐4, aspartate aminotransferase and SteatoTest‐T2D. The VCTE AUROC for advanced fibrosis was over‐estimated by 6% (0.83 [95% CI: 0.78–0.87]) by standard analysis compared to intention‐to‐diagnose (0.77 [0.72–0.81] p = 0.008). The AUROCs for advanced fibrosis did not differ significantly in intention‐to‐diagnose between FibroTest‐T2D (0.77; 95% CI: 0.73–0.82), VCTE (0.77; 95% CI: 0.72–0.81) and TD‐SWE(0.78; 0.74–0.83) but were all higher than the Fibrosis‐4 score (0.70; 95% CI all differences ≥7%; p ≤ 0.03). For MASH, MashTest‐T2D had a higher AUROC (0.76; 95% CI: 0.70–0.80) than aspartate aminotransferase (0.72; 95% CI: 0.66–0.77; p = 0.035). For steatosis, AUROCs did not differ significantly between SteatoTest‐T2D, controlled attenuation parameter and hepatorenal gradient.ConclusionsIn intention‐to‐diagnose analysis, FibroTest‐T2D, TD‐SWE and VCTE performed similarly for staging fibrosis, and out‐performed Fibrosis‐4 in outpatients with type 2 diabetes. The standard analysis over‐estimated VCTE performance.ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT03634098.
Simulations of the effect of smectite‐to‐illite transition in shales on permeability and overpressures using a stochastic approach, a Norwegian margin case study
Authors: Lothe Ane Elisabet , Grøver Arnt , Roli Ole‐André , Stenebråten Jørn , Kristiansen Tron Golder 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe smectite‐illite transition in shales due to subsidence, temperature changes and diagenesis influences many processes in a sedimentary basin that can contribute to overpressure build up like reducing the shale permeability. The smectite‐rich layers can form sealing barriers to fluid flows that will influence pore pressure prognosis for drilling campaigns, contribute to sealing caprocks for possible CO2 storage and to sealing of plugging and abandonment wells. In this work, we have included the diagenetic smectite‐illite transition into a three‐dimensional pressure simulation model to simulate its effect on pressure build‐up due to reduced shale permeabilities over geological time scale. We have also tested effect of thermal history and potassium concentration on the process of smectite‐illite transition and the associated smectite‐illite correction on permeability. A new smectite‐illite correction has been introduced, to mimic how shale permeability will vary dependent on the smectite‐illite transition. Stochastic Monte Carlo simulations have been carried out to test the sensitivity of the new correction parameters. Finally, a 3D Monte Carlo pore pressure simulation with 1000 drawings has been carried out on a case study covering Skarv Field, and Dønna Terrace offshore Mid‐Norway. The simulated mean overpressures are in range with observed overpressures from exploration wells in the area for the Cretaceous sandy Lysing Formation and for the two Cretaceous Intra Lange Formation sandstones. The simulated smectite content versus depth is in line with published XRD dataset from wells. The corresponding modelled present‐day permeabilities for the shales including the smectite‐illite transition are two magnitudes higher than measured permeabilities on small samples in the laboratory using transient decay method. The measured permeabilities are in the range of 2.66·10−18 to 3.94·10−22 m2 (2695 to 0.39 nD) for the North Sea database and represent the end members for shales‐permeabilities with the lowest values, since the small samples are selected with no or minor natural fractures. This work shows that by upscaling shale permeabilities from mm‐scale to km scale, natural fractures and sedimentary heterogeneities will increase the shale permeabilities with a factor of two and that by including permeability correction controlled by the smectite fraction, pressure ramp can be simulated due to diagenesis effect in shales.
Design and discovery of novel pyrazole‐pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives as anti‐glioma agents via promoting apoptosis, inhibiting cell cycle and EGFR‐TK
Authors: Zhang Yufu , Gao Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGlioma is an aggressive type of brain malignancy responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. In the current scenario, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinases targeted therapy showed significant benefits in glioma patients. Therefore, in the present study, we intend to investigate the anti‐glioma potential of a novel class of pyrazole‐pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives and their mechanism of action. The compounds will be synthesized in a straight‐forward synthetic route in excellent yields and subsequently tested for EGFR kinase inhibition. The compounds showed a diverse range of inhibitory activity against EGFR (IC50 = 3.4–873.2 nM). With an IC50 of 1.5 nM, compound 4i was determined to be the most effective EGFR inhibitor, even superior to the standard erlotinib (IC50 2.3 nM). Among them, the three most potent compounds (4i, 4j, and 4k) were further subjected to the anticancer activity against the panel of various cancer cell lines MCF‐7 (breast cancer), A549 (lung cancer), U87 (glioblastoma cell)‐EGFR‐Wild Type, U87 (mutant glioblastoma cells) EGFR‐mutant cell, MCF‐12A (normal cells). The compound 4i showed the most potent activity against glioblastoma cells as compared to other cancer cells. The effect of compound 4i was also studied on the apoptosis of U87 cells, where it showed induction of apoptosis in a concentration‐dependent manner. It also showed inhibition of the G2/M cell cycle phase of U87 cells. Our study demonstrated the development of novel pyrazole‐pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives as a novel class of anti‐glioma agents.
Risk and dose–response relationship of diabetes mellitus for endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Hou Chiun‐Ho , Lee Jiahn‐Shing , Lin Ken‐Kuo , Peng Wei‐Sheng , Pu Christy , See Lai‐Chu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the risk of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and evaluate the dose–response relationship.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study enrolled patients who underwent bilateral cataract surgeries from 2000 to 2017 in Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The endophthalmitis rates within 3 months after cataract surgery were compared between DM and non‐DM cohorts using a generalised estimating equation. The diabetes complications severity index (DSCI) score was adopted to assess the dose–response effect on the endophthalmitis rate.ResultsA total of 883 398 patients (1 766 796 eyes) were included. Patients with DM had an increased risk of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery than patients without DM (0.261% vs. 0.242%, adjusted odds ratio = 1.09, 95% confidence interval = 1.03–1.16). The higher endophthalmitis rate in the DM group than in the non‐DM group remains after excluding those with prior vitrectomy or intravitreal injection (IVI), and took IVI between the cataract surgery and endophthalmitis (p = 0.0156, 0.0048, and 0.0139). There was a significant dose–response relationship on the likelihood of endophthalmitis in DM patients when DCSI score >10. The endophthalmitis rate is highest among DM complications in patients with metabolic disorders (0.342%).ConclusionDM was a risk factor for endophthalmitis after cataract surgery after adjusting for age, sex, common systemic disorders, and excluding those with prior vitrectomy or IVI and having IVI between cataract surgery and endophthalmitis. A dose–response relationship was noted in DM patients with a DCSI score >10.
Proteomic and metabolomic analyses illustrate the mechanisms of expression of the O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase gene in glioblastoma
Authors: Chen Xi , Sun Jinli , Li Yukui , Jiang Weichao , Li Zhangyu , Mao Jianyao , Zhou Liwei , Chen Sifang , Tan Guowei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimGlioblastoma (GBM) has been reported to be the most common high‐grade primary malignant brain tumor in clinical practice and has a poor prognosis. O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation has been related to prolonged overall survival (OS) in GBM patients after temozolomide treatment.MethodsProteomics and metabolomics were combined to explore the dysregulated metabolites and possible protein expression alterations in white matter (control group), MGMT promoter unmethylated GBM (GBM group) or MGMT promoter methylation positive GBM (MGMT group).ResultsIn total, 2745 upregulated and 969 downregulated proteins were identified in the GBM group compared to the control group, and 131 upregulated and 299 downregulated proteins were identified in the MGMT group compared to the GBM group. Furthermore, 131 upregulated and 299 downregulated metabolites were identified in the GBM group compared to the control group, and 187 upregulated and 147 downregulated metabolites were identified in the MGMT group compared to the GBM group. The results showed that 94 upregulated and 19 downregulated proteins and 20 upregulated and 16 downregulated metabolites in the MGMT group were associated with DNA repair. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis illustrated that the dysregulated proteins and metabolites were involved in multiple metabolic pathways, including the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. Moreover, integrated metabolomics and proteomics analysis was performed, and six key proteins were identified in the MGMT group and GBM group. Three key pathways were recognized as potential biomarkers for recognizing MGMT promoter unmethylated GBM and MGMT promoter methylation positive GBM from GBM patient samples, with areas under the curve of 0.7895, 0.7326 and 0.7026, respectively.ConclusionThis study provides novel mechanisms to understand methylation in GBM and identifies some biomarkers for the prognosis of two different GBM types, MGMT promoter unmethylated or methylated GBM, by using metabolomics and proteomics analyses.
Homocysteine and Parkinson's disease
Authors: Zhou Lingyan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHomocysteine (Hcy) is an important metabolite in methionine metabolism. When the metabolic pathway of homocysteine is abnormal, it will accumulate in the body and eventually lead to hyperhomocysteinemia. In recent years, many studies have found that hyperhomocysteinemia is related to the occurrence and development of Parkinson's disease. This study reviews the roles of homocysteine in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and illustrates the harmful effects of hyperhomocysteinemia on Parkinson's disease.
A real‐life comparison of hypoglycaemia symptomatology between insulin‐treated type 2 diabetes participants with and without impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia
Authors: Lee Wai Kit , Ko Michelle Shi Min , Ang Li Chang , Zhu Ling , Bee Yong Mong , Goh Su Yen , Teh Ming Ming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsWe aim to compare and correlate Gold and Clarke questionnaire scores with hypoglycaemic symptomatic responses between insulin‐treated type 2 diabetes participants with and without IAH in a real‐life study.MethodsInsulin‐treated type 2 diabetes participants attending an outpatient diabetes clinic in Singapore were asked to complete the Gold and Clarke questionnaires, record capillary blood glucose (CBG) and hypoglycaemic symptoms for 4 weeks.ResultsData were collected from 153 participants (M:F = 98:55) with mean age 61.0 ± 9.4 years, duration of diabetes 19.5 ± 8.8 years and HbA1c 68 ± 17 mmol/mol (8.4 ± 1.5%). Gold and Clarke methods classified 19.6% and 26.8% of participants with IAH, respectively. Using CBG threshold of <3 mmol/L, significantly greater proportion of participants with intact awareness were experiencing autonomic symptoms than those with IAH with either method (Gold: 69% vs. 18%, p = 0.006; Clarke: 85% vs. 46%, p = 0.010). Significantly greater proportion of participants with IAH experienced no hypoglycaemia symptoms than those with intact awareness (Gold: 3.4% vs. 36%, p = 0.015; Clarke: 3.7% vs. 31%, p = 0.031). Participants with IAH had significantly higher rates of severe hypoglycaemia in the preceding year compared to those without (Gold: 17% vs. 3.3%; Clarke: 15% vs. 2.7%, p = 0.012).ConclusionsGold and Clarke questionnaires are appropriate tools in ascertaining IAH status in insulin‐treated type 2 diabetes participants. This is the first time whereby the hypoglycaemia symptomology has robustly validated the Gold and Clarke questionnaire in insulin‐treated type 2 diabetes participants.
Trans‐jugular transcutaneous closure of atrial septal defects with an adjustable curved sheath under echocardiography guidance
Authors: Hu Xiaosong , Zhang Yanwei , Li Yanan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectivesTraditional transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect (ASD) via the femoral vein carries risk of radiation damage. Transcutaneous closure of ASD under echocardiography guidance avoids radiation exposure and can be gradually applied. An alternative is to transcutaneous closure of ASD trans‐jugular with an adjustable curved sheath under echocardiography guidance.MethodsWe retrospectively studied all cases of trans‐jugular transcutaneous closure of ASD with an adjustable curved sheath under echocardiography guidance in the Heart Center of Henan Province People's Hospital between 2016 and December 2022.ResultsA total of 156 patients were included, 74 males and 82 females. Mean age was 6.9 ± 7.4 years and weight 23.7 ± 14.6 kg. Mean sizes of the ASD and occluder were (9.7 ± 4.7) mm and (14.1 ± 5.7) mm. The mean operation time was (49.6 ± 29.2) min. No complications such as atrioventricular block, reoperation, or pericardial effusion occurred. There are 3 patients had a residual shunt. All patients were followed‐up for (38.7 ± 11.0) months. The three patients with residual shunt had self‐closed at the 3–6–12 months follow‐up. There was no complication at follow‐up.ConclusionTrans‐jugular transcutaneous closure of ASD with adjustable curved sheath under echocardiography guidance is safe, effective and minimally invasive.
A tale of two cities: Communication, innovation, and divergence
Authors: Magrini Stefano , Spiganti Alessandro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe present a two‐area endogenous growth model where abstract knowledge flows at no cost across space but tacit knowledge arises from the interaction among researchers and is hampered by distance. Digital communication reduces this “cost of distance” and reinforces productive specialization, leading to an increase in the system‐wide growth rate but at the cost of more inequality within and across areas. These results are consistent with evidences on the rise in the concentration of innovative activities, income inequality, and skills and income divergence across US urban areas.
Patients satisfaction with the dental treatment provided at the University of Jordan's student clinics
Authors: Ismail Noor H. , Alzer Heba , Algurini Amena H. , Alsawalhi Dina H. , Mahmoud Summer J. , Abu Hait Sarah M. , Alsoleihat Firas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionTo assess patients' satisfaction with the dental care provided to them by the undergraduate students at Jordan University Hospital. In addition, to investigate whether the age or gender of patients had any correlation with the level of satisfaction.Materials and MethodsThe Dental Satisfaction Questionnaire (DSQ) developed by the RAND Corporation was used to measure patient satisfaction. The questionnaire was translated to Arabic the native language of the country and it consisted of 14 questions, which measure the overall satisfaction and the subscales of access, convenience and availability, continuity of treatment and quality of dental care provided.ResultsA total of 94 patients (58.5% female, 41.5% male) answered the DSQ, the Overall Dental Satisfaction Index (DSI) was found to be 86.2%, and there was no correlation between gender or age groups and the DSI (p < .05). All 14 questions scored above 4/5 except the question about whether the schools' building and dental units being modern and well equipped (3.7/5), and the general satisfaction question (3.2/5).ConclusionsPatients who were treated at the student clinics at the University of Jordan, School of Dentistry were found to be satisfied about both the quality of treatment and the dental environment, while reporting some negative aspects related mainly to the clinics building which they found to be very old and crowded. This study found no correlation between patients' satisfaction and the age or gender of the participants.