bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management clinico e terapia sostitutiva dell’insufficienza ovarica primaria
Authors: Federici Silvia , Bonomi Marco , Persani Luca 
Published: February 2023

SommarioL’insufficienza ovarica prematura è caratterizzata da un esaurimento dell’attività ovarica prima dei 40 anni, con conseguente ipoestrogenismo, amenorrea e infertilità e interessa l’1% delle donne. L’importanza clinica di questa condizione è notevolmente aumentata nel corso degli ultimi decenni per diversi motivi. Una diagnosi tempestiva, una terapia sostitutiva e un management adeguato sono quindi fondamentali. La terapia estrogenica sostitutiva, condotta con regime terapeutico ottimale, ha molteplici obiettivi, tra cui il trattamento dei sintomi da ipoestrogenismo e la riduzione delle complicanze a lungo termine.
What feeds on what? Networks of interdependencies between culture and institutions
Authors: von Jacobi Nadia , Amendolagine Vito 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCulture and institutions both matter in shaping trajectories for socioeconomic progress. As the debate on causal directionalities between culture and institutions is still ongoing, we recast its perspective: a complex network of symbiotic relationships ties a multitude of cultural and institutional factors together. We blend the institutional complementarities literature with symbiosis theory, and place it into the context of a data-driven approach that extends correlation network analyses. We frame each single interdependence between a cultural and an institutional factor as an asymmetric symbiotic relationship in which a ‘host’ feeds a ‘symbiont’: the latter is more dependent on the former. In our computed network, each relation locates within a broader context of pathways and network constellations. We apply our approach to Brazilian municipal data. Our results confirm high complexity in the coevolution of culture and institutions and suggest an emerging pattern in which cultural factors are more likely to be hosts than institutions or social capital. In the Brazilian municipal reality, the institutional innovation of participatory councils bears the potential of game-changer in the system, while tax collection strongly depends on cultural factors i.e. the (in)formality of the economy and family ties.
Effect of initial pore pressure on the hydraulic fracturing of tight sandstone: an experimental study
Authors: Ma Dongdong , Wu Yu , Yin Jiadi , Lu Jingjing , Hu Dawei , Zhou Hui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPore pressure is a crucial factor affecting reservoir stimulation, especially in unconventional reservoirs, because it can control crack initiation and propagation. However, studies on the effect of initial pore pressure on hydraulic fracturing in low-permeability reservoirs are lacking, and fracturing mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted hydraulic fracturing tests under initial pore pressure, and proposed an improved fracturing initiation criterion to elucidate the fracturing mechanism of tight sandstone. The results demonstrated that the breakdown pressure increased with the initial pore pressure by 8 to 24%, and its evolution was identified approximately by the improved initiation criterion, which resulted in the complicated, invisible and intense features of the macroscopic fracture morphology and microscopic crack. The finding was mainly due to the viscous stress induced by fracturing disturbance under initial pore pressure and represented the dual interaction between rock structure and work fluid viscosity. As a result, the change in microporous diameter in micropores and a high pressure to failure can be obtained. Accordingly, the initial pore pressure in tight sandstone may not only induce n effective stress on the skeleton but also be responsible for the double effect on the fracturing mechanism with high pressure and intense failure features, which should be given attention in unconventional reservoir stimulation.
The persistent homology of genealogical networks
Authors: Boyd Zachary M. , Callor Nick , Gledhill Taylor , Jenkins Abigail , Snellman Robert , Webb Benjamin , Wonnacott Raelynn 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGenealogical networks (i.e. family trees) are of growing interest, with the largest known data sets now including well over one billion individuals. Interest in family history also supports an 8.5 billion dollar industry whose size is projected to double within 7 years [FutureWise report HC-1137]. Yet little mathematical attention has been paid to the complex network properties of genealogical networks, especially at large scales. The structure of genealogical networks is of particular interest due to the practice of forming unions, e.g. marriages, that are typically well outside one’s immediate family. In most other networks, including other social networks, no equivalent restriction exists on the distance at which relationships form. To study the effect this has on genealogical networks we use persistent homology to identify and compare the structure of 101 genealogical and 31 other social networks. Specifically, we introduce the notion of a network’s persistence curve, which encodes the network’s set of persistence intervals. We find that the persistence curves of genealogical networks have a distinct structure when compared to other social networks. This difference in structure also extends to subnetworks of genealogical and social networks suggesting that, even with incomplete data, persistent homology can be used to meaningfully analyze genealogical networks. Here we also describe how concepts from genealogical networks, such as common ancestor cycles, are represented using persistent homology. We expect that persistent homology tools will become increasingly important in genealogical exploration as popular interest in ancestry research continues to expand.
Mendelian explorations
Authors: Marengo Luigi , Settepanella Simona , Valente Marco 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn his most recent book, Daniel Levinthal develops a theory of strategy and organization centred around a “Mendelian executive” who consciously seeks new strategic opportunities but is constrained by path dependence to search in spaces adjacent to the current state of affairs. Building upon this intuition, we present a simple model of exploration and exploitation in complex landscapes showing that path dependence modifies the usual predictions of arm bandit models, especially when agents search in complex spaces where correlation of performance among adjacent alternative is low.
Characteristics of Statically Indeterminate Symmetric Flexure Structures
Authors: Qin Yan-Ding , Shi Yue-Yang , Shirinzadeh Bijan , Tian Yan-Ling , Zhang Da-Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStatically indeterminate symmetric (SIS) flexure structures are symmetric structures with “clamped-clamped” boundary conditions. The static indeterminacy and topological symmetry significantly attenuate the parasitic motions associated with statically determinate flexure structures. Hence, SIS flexure structures feature decoupled linear and angular motions, improved motion accuracy, high stiffness, and high stability. Although SIS flexure structures have been more frequently utilized as prismatic joints, they can also be utilized as revolute joints. This study systematically investigates the characteristics of SIS flexure structures. Based on the unified compliance models of a single flexure hinge, analytical compliance models of two fundamental types of SIS flexure structures are established. In 1-degree-of-freedom or planar applications, multiple SIS-based structures can also be integrated into various configurations to transmit linear or angular motions. Corresponding stiffness models are also established. The characteristics and possible applications of the SIS flexure structures are computationally investigated through case studies. Ultimately, several SIS prototypes are manufactured, and the modeling accuracy of the established stiffness models is experimentally verified.
Lernen auf Distanz während der Coronapandemie
Authors: Knauf Helen 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungWährend der Coronapandemie mussten Eltern intensiver als sonst das Lernen ihrer Kinder begleiten und unterstützen. Zusätzliche Herausforderungen ergaben sich dadurch, dass die Ausnahmesituation nicht nur auf wenige Wochen begrenzt war, sondern sich über mehr als ein Jahr hinzog. Die hier vorgestellte Studie geht der Frage nach, welche Ressourcen und Probleme es aus Sicht von Eltern beim Lernen auf Distanz gab. Dazu wurden Eltern von Grundschülerinnen und -schülern an zwei verschiedenen Zeitpunkten während der Pandemie mit Interviews befragt. Durch das Längsschnitt-Design konnten Veränderungen und Kontinuitäten erfasst werden. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass für die Bewältigung der Situation sowohl Charakteristika der Familie als auch Merkmale der Schule eine zentrale Rolle spielten. Gerade für Familien mit geringen eigenen Ressourcen spielten unterstützende Schulfaktoren eine zentrale Rolle. Diese lagen vor allem in einer schülerorientierten Unterrichtgestaltung, die die Kinder befähigte, Aufgaben selbstständig zu bearbeiten.
Metabolomic Profiling and Cytotoxic Activity of Launaea nudicaulis: Molecular Docking with Topoisomerases
Authors: Elhawary Seham , Hassan Marwa H. A. , El-desoucky Shimaa Ibrahim , Elwekeel Ahlam , Mohamed Enas I. A. , Abdelmohsen Usama Ramadan , Hassan Hossam M. , Mohammed Rabab 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Launaea nudicaulis (L.) Hook. f., Asteraceae, is a wild plant growing in Egypt, used traditionally for treatment of many diseases. LC-HRMS analysis of different polarity soluble extracts allowed the annotation of fifteen compounds: three alkaloids, four flavonoids, three phenolic acids, three coumarins, one sphingolipid, and one triterpene. Chemical investigation led to isolation and identification of caffeic acid, luteolin, luteolin7-O-glucoside, lupeol, β-sitosterol, and palmitic acid. Cytotoxic evaluation for hexane, CH2Cl2, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol extracts using MTT assay against three cancer cell lines HL-60, HT-29, and MCF-7 showed a remarkable cytotoxic activity for the CH2Cl2-soluble extract against HL-60 and HT-29 with IC50 5.8 and 8.26 µg/ml, respectively, as well the n-butanol extract showed good activity against HL-60 and HT-29 with IC50 11.6 and 9.6 µg/ml, respectively. Docking study was performed on topoisomerase enzymes (I, IIα, and IIβ) and provided a rationale for the biological outcomes where three natural compounds in the plant strongly bound to the proteins, particularly, luteolin-7-(6″-malonylneohesperidoside) with binding affinities of − 11.341, − 10.866, and − 10.111 kcal/mol, respectively, and kaempferol-3-O-[6″-malonyl-β-d-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranoside] with binding affinities of − 10.796, − 10.102, and − 9.916 kcal/mol, respectively. Also, luteolin-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside docked with higher binding affinity to topoisomerase I (− 10.367 kcal/mol) compared to topoisomerases IIα and IIβ.
Graphical Abstract
Delay in timing and spatial reorganization of rainfall due to urbanization- analysis over India’s smart city Bhubaneswar
Authors: Swain Madhusmita , Nadimpalli Raghavendra Raju , Mohanty Uma Charan , Guhathakurta Pulak , Gupta Akhilesh , Kaginalkar Akshara , Chen Fei , Niyogi Dev 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBhubaneswar is the first designed ‘smart city’ in India and has experienced rapid urbanization since 2000. The question undertaken in this study is to assess if there is a change in the rainfall over this rapidly urbanizing region, and if so, what are the characteristics of the change? The broader intent is to understand if the change in urbanization and rainfall are interlinked? The India Meteorological Department (hourly station and daily gridded) and Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (3-hourly) datasets are analyzed for the 1980–2018 period (39 years) for different seasons separately. Wavelet and trend analysis reveal that precipitation intensity has increased over the study period. The assessments of the hourly rainfall data show an interesting feature. There is a decrease in the midnight to early-morning rain, with a corresponding increase in the late-afternoon to midnight rainfall. The increase in the rainfall is preferentially downwind and on the east side of the city. A supervised classified land use land cover map of the Bhubaneswar region is developed for 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2019 using Landsat imagery to compute the urban sprawl. The urban area and population density over Bhubaneswar is increasing with time. Analysis of the LULC and rainfall data indicates that the rainfall over urban regions and the shift in the timing of rains to evenings is highly correlated with the urban sprawl.
Depolarization of intense laser beams by dynamic plasma density gratings
Authors: Wang Y. X. , Weng S. M. , Li P. , Shen Z. C. , Jiang X. Y. , Huang J. , Zhu X. L. , Ma H. H. , Zhang X. B. , Li X. F. , Sheng Z. M. , Zhang J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As a typical plasma-based optical element that can sustain ultra-high light intensity, plasma density gratings driven by intense laser pulses have been extensively studied for wide applications. Here, we show that the plasma density grating driven by two intersecting driver laser pulses is not only nonuniform in space but also varies over time. Consequently, the probe laser pulse that passes through such a dynamic plasma density grating will be depolarized, that is, its polarization becomes spatially and temporally variable. More importantly, the laser depolarization may spontaneously take place for crossed laser beams if their polarization angles are arranged properly. The laser depolarization by a dynamic plasma density grating may find application in mitigating parametric instabilities in laser-driven inertial confinement fusion.
Experiences with energy drink consumption among Norwegian adolescents
Authors: Kaldenbach Siri , Strand Tor Arne , Holten-Andersen Mads Nicolaj 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The objective of the present study was to describe adolescents’ habits and experiences with energy drink (ED) consumption and the relation to the amount of ED consumed. We used the national cross-sectional study Ungdata, conducted in 2015–16 in Norway. A total of 15 913 adolescents aged 13–19 years answered questions about ED consumption related to the following topics: reasons for, experiences with, habits and parental attitudes. The sample comprised only adolescents reporting to be ED consumers. We estimated the association between the responses and the average daily consumption of ED in multiple regression models. Those who consumed ED ‘to concentrate’ or ‘to perform better in school’ consumed on average 73⋅1 (CI 65⋅8, 80⋅3) and 112⋅0 (CI 102⋅7, 121⋅2) ml more daily, respectively, than those who did not consume ED for these reasons. Up to 80 % of the adolescents reported that ‘my parents think it is OK that I drink energy drink’, but at the same time almost 50 % reported that ‘my parents say that I shouldn't drink energy drink’. Apart from increased endurance and feeling stronger, both desired and adverse effects of ED consumption were reported. Our findings indicate that the expectation created by the ED companies have great influence on the adolescents’ consumption rate and that parental attitudes towards ED have little to no influence on the adolescents’ consumption rate.
Spatial distribution of stunting and wasting in 6–59 months children in Nepal: analysis using a Bayesian distributional bivariate probit model
Authors: Vatsa Richa , Ghimire Umesh , Sapkota Suman , Subedi Raj Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The combined burden of stunting and wasting in children under five years is a serious public health concern. The present study aimed to estimate the joint burden of stunting and wasting among children aged 6–59 months and explore its spatial variation across Nepal. The 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey data was used to study acute and chronic childhood malnutrition. A Bayesian distributional bivariate probit geoadditive model was designed to study the linear association and geographical variation of stunting and wasting among 6–59 months, children. Child-related factors such as low birth weight, fever in the last 2 weeks preceding the survey and fourth or greater birth order were associated with a higher likelihood of stunting. The likelihood of a child being stunted was significantly less in the wealthiest households, having improved toilet facilities, and if mothers were overweight. Children from severely food insecure households were significantly more likely, and children from poorer households were significantly less likely to suffer both acute and chronic malnutrition simultaneously. Results from spatial effect showed that children from Lumbini and Karnali had a higher burden of stunting, and the likelihood that achild would have been wasted was significantly higher in Madhesh and Province 1. Immediate nutritional efforts are vital in low-income and severely food insecure households to lessen the risk of stunting and wasting in under children. Disproportionate geographic variations in stunting and wasting warrant sub-regional-specific nutrition intervention to achieve nutrition targets and reduce the burden of childhood malnutrition across the country.
Biological Differences between Late 19th and Early 20th Century Urban and Rural Residence
Authors: Carson Scott Alan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCommunities urbanize when the net benefits to urbanization exceed rural areas. Body mass, height, and weight are biological welfare measures that reflect the net difference between calories consumed and calories required for work and to withstand the physical environment. Individuals of African-decent had greater BMIs, heavier weights, and shorter statures. Urban farmers had lower BMIs, shorter statures, and lower weight than rural farmers. Over the late 19th and early 20th centuries, urban and rural BMIs, height, and weight were constant, and rural farmers had greater BMIs, taller statures, and heavier weights than urban farmers and workers in other occupations.
Protein modifications due to homogenisation and heat treatment of cow milk
Authors: Gathercole Jessica L. , Nguyen Hanh T. H. , Harris Paul , Weeks Mike , Reis Mariza G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis research paper aimed to locate protein modifications caused by treatment of milk and determine if the modification locations were consistent. The majority of milk for consumption is homogenised using pressure and heat, and this causes changes in the location of proteins in the milk as well as protein modifications. To investigate these proteomic changes, raw milk was pasteurised (72°C, 15 s), then, to separate the treatment for homogenisation, heated at these different pressures and temperatures: 45°C without no pressure applied, 45°C with 35 MPa, 80°C without pressure applied and 80°C, with 35 MPa. Proteomic analysis was done after separating the milk into three fractions: whey, casein and cream. Protein modifications in each fraction were examined and we found Maillard products as well as oxidation to be of interest. The proteins were also further identified and characterised to compare protein modification sites and differences in proteins present in the cream resulting from homogenisation and/or pasteurisation. This experiment showed that both heat and pressure during homogenisation can cause increases in protein modifications as a result of oxidation or the Maillard reaction. Total cysteine oxidation and total proline oxidation differed between treatments although this was only significantly different for cysteine. It was observed that protein modifications occurred in the same location in the protein sequence rather than in random locations which we highlighted by examining α-S1-casein, lactadherin and β-lactoglobulin.
On some hyperelliptic Hurwitz–Hodge integrals
Authors: LEWAŃSKI DANILO 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe address Hodge integrals over the hyperelliptic locus. Recently Afandi computed, via localisation techniques, such one-descendant integrals and showed that they are Stirling numbers. We give another proof of the same statement by a very short argument, exploiting Chern classes of spin structures and relations arising from Topological Recursion in the sense of Eynard and Orantin.These techniques seem also suitable to deal with three orthogonal generalisations: (1) the extension to the r-hyperelliptic locus; (2) the extension to an arbitrary number of non-Weierstrass pairs of points; (3) the extension to multiple descendants.
Sensory processing challenges as a novel link between early caregiving experiences and mental health
Authors: Méndez Leal Adriana S. , Alba Laura A. , Cummings Kaitlin K. , Jung Jiwon , Waizman Yael H. , Guassi Moreira João F. , Saragosa-Harris Natalie M. , Ninova Emilia , Waterman Jill M. , Langley Audra K. , Tottenham Nim , Silvers Jennifer A. , Green Shulamite A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEarly caregiving adversity (ECA) is associated with elevated psychological symptomatology. While neurobehavioral ECA research has focused on socioemotional and cognitive development, ECA may also increase risk for “low-level” sensory processing challenges. However, no prior work has compared how diverse ECA exposures differentially relate to sensory processing, or, critically, how this might influence psychological outcomes. We examined sensory processing challenges in 183 8-17-year-old youth with and without histories of institutional (orphanage) or foster caregiving, with a particular focus on sensory over-responsivity (SOR), a pattern of intensified responses to sensory stimuli that may negatively impact mental health. We further tested whether sensory processing challenges are linked to elevated internalizing and externalizing symptoms common in ECA-exposed youth. Relative to nonadopted comparison youth, both groups of ECA-exposed youth had elevated sensory processing challenges, including SOR, and also had heightened internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Additionally, we found significant indirect effects of ECA on internalizing and externalizing symptoms through both general sensory processing challenges and SOR, covarying for age and sex assigned at birth. These findings suggest multiple forms of ECA confer risk for sensory processing challenges that may contribute to mental health outcomes, and motivate continuing examination of these symptoms, with possible long-term implications for screening and treatment following ECA.