bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leaf-level metabolic changes in response to drought affect daytime CO2 emission and isoprenoid synthesis pathways
Authors: Ladd S Nemiah , Daber L Erik , Bamberger Ines , Kübert Angelika , Kreuzwieser Jürgen , Purser Gemma , Ingrisch Johannes , Deleeuw Jason , van Haren Joost , Meredith Laura K , Werner Christiane 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the near future, climate change will cause enhanced frequency and/or severity of droughts in terrestrial ecosystems, including tropical forests. Drought responses by tropical trees may affect their carbon use, including production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with implications for carbon cycling and atmospheric chemistry that are challenging to predict. It remains unclear how metabolic adjustments by mature tropical trees in response to drought will affect their carbon fluxes associated with daytime CO2 production and VOC emission. To address this gap, we used position-specific 13C-pyruvate labeling to investigate leaf CO2 and VOC fluxes from four tropical species before and during a controlled drought in the enclosed rainforest of Biosphere 2 (B2). Overall, plants that were more drought-sensitive had greater reductions in daytime CO2 production. Although daytime CO2 production was always dominated by non-mitochondrial processes, the relative contribution of CO2 from the tricarboxylic acid cycle tended to increase under drought. A notable exception was the legume tree Clitoria fairchildiana R.A. Howard, which had less anabolic CO2 production than the other species even under pre-drought conditions, perhaps due to more efficient refixation of CO2 and anaplerotic use for amino acid synthesis. The C. fairchildiana was also the only species to allocate detectable amounts of 13C label to VOCs and was a major source of VOCs in B2. In C. fairchildiana leaves, our data indicate that intermediates from the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway are used to produce the volatile monoterpene trans-β-ocimene, but not isoprene. This apparent crosstalk between the MVA and methylerythritol phosphate pathways for monoterpene synthesis declined with drought. Finally, although trans-β-ocimene emissions increased under drought, it was increasingly sourced from stored intermediates and not de novo synthesis. Unique metabolic responses of legumes may play a disproportionate role in the overall changes in daytime CO2 and VOC fluxes in tropical forests experiencing drought.
14Science and Medicine
Authors: Alves Kathleen Tamayo , Spratt Danielle 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This year’s review highlights scholarship in the history of science and medicine that rejects easy teleologies of scientific progress and overturns tidy, nationally oriented historical accounts of biomedical practice. Here, we recognize four studies that serve as models in cutting-edge, decolonial scholarship in the field. These works acknowledge the contingent and socially constructed nature of both science and medicine and center long-understudied healers, patients, and communities who have traditionally existed outside of normative Western archives and the historical record.
In section 1, ‘The Politics of Plague in the Invisible Commonwealth’, Cindy Ermus’s monograph explores the impact of a fairly contained, regional plague event in Provence, which catalysed a series of increasingly centralized disaster and public health management measures that emerged across the West and the colonies. Section 2, ‘Interspecies Contact Zones and American Xenophobia’, considers Jeannie N. Shinozuka’s research on the racist parallels that American culture drew between Asian plant and insect migration and anti-Asian policies and practices across the twentieth century. Section 3, ‘Transhistorical and Transborder Healers’, studies Diego Armus and Pablo F. Gómez’s edited collection on traditional and Indigenous healers and patients across Latin America from the seventeenth century to the present, and the fluid and complex boundaries between their practices and those of Western and imperial medicine. Finally, section 4, ‘Imagining and Enforcing the Boundaries of Gender’, resituates such medical boundaries to the site of the clinic, following Sandra Eder’s account of the highly contingent and artificial construction of gender and gender normativity that emerged across the twentieth century.
These studies, to use the words of Diego Armus and Pablo F. Gómez, exemplify an understanding of the ways that categories like medicine, health, illness, disaster, and indeed identity itself ‘have not only a biological dimension but also social, cultural, political, and economic connotations’ that are ‘historically located processes whose seeming social and cultural dominance was never preordained or inevitable’ (Armus and Gómez, p. 6). Tellingly, each of these studies connects transborder and transhistorical incidents and events—some largely known, others newly revealed—to our contemporary moment, demonstrating how the urgent crises, fiery debates, and institutional pressures that preoccupied individuals and whole nations in both the recent and distant past continue to shape the demands of our present and future.
16Theory on Theory
Authors: Carr Nicholas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Taking up what was foreshadowed in last year’s instalment of ‘Theory on Theory’, this chapter takes as its theme the evident and disturbing trend within our field to forget, if not actively attempt to erase, Marxist and dialectical thought. The first section notices this tendency in the course of its wider review of a major new reference work, the Oxford Encyclopedia of Literary Theory. The second section notices another manifestation of the tendency in the course of reviewing a significant new work of metatheoretical reflection and critique, Elizabeth Anker’s On Paradox. In the third and final section, a cluster of works are reviewed that show the range and ongoing vitality of dialectical thought.
XIILiterature 1780–1830: The Romantic Period
Authors: Davis Amanda Blake , Thompson Will , Talbott Tyler , Fancett Anna , Coughlin Thomas , Greentree Shane , Khan Yasser Shams 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter has four sections: 1. General and Prose; 2. The Novel; 3. Poetry; 4. Drama. Section 1 is by Amanda Blake Davis; section 2 is by Will Thompson, Tyler Talbott, and Anna Fancett; section 3 is by Thomas Coughlin and Shane Greentree; section 4 is by Yasser Shams Khan.
Melatonin ameliorates simulated‐microgravity‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid metabolism dysregulation in hepatocytes
Authors: Xiong Yue , Ma Chiyuan , Li Qin , Zhang Wenya , Zhao Huashan , Ren Peigen , Zhang Ke , Lei Xiaohua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe liver is an essential multifunctional organ, which constantly communicates with nearly all tissues. It has raised the concern that microgravity exposure can lead to liver dysfunction and metabolic syndromes. However, molecular mechanisms and intervention measures of the adverse effects of microgravity on hepatocytes are limited. In this study, we utilized the random positioning machine culture system to investigate the adverse effects on hepatocytes under simulated microgravity (SMG). Our results showed that SMG impaired hepatocyte viability, causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Compared to normal gravity, it also triggered lipid accumulation, elevated triglyceride (TG) and ROS levels, and impaired mitochondria function in hepatocytes. Furthermore, RNA sequencing results showed that SMG upregulated genes implicated in lipid metabolisms, including PPARγ, PLIN2, CD36, FABPs, etc. Importantly, all these defects can be suppressed by melatonin, a potent antioxidant secreted by the pineal gland, suggesting its potential use of therapeutic intervention.
Nutritional considerations for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Grippe Kristen , Ryan Victoria 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Osteoporosis commonly affects postmenopausal women and accounts for 300,000 hip fractures in the United States each year. More women are deferring or discontinuing pharmacologic treatment because of intolerable adverse reactions or fear of long-term safety. Supplementing dietary intake of certain vitamins and minerals can have positive effects on bone parameters. Calcium is frequently recommended for osteoporotic patients but many not confer much benefit toward bone density. Certain forms of vitamins A and K have been shown to increase bone density. Isoflavones and phytates are phytochemicals found in soy foods that are comparable to bisphosphonates when consumed at certain levels. Lastly, increasing certain daily fruit and vegetable servings can improve bone health. Nutritional interventions are typically safe alternatives that should be considered for postmenopausal women who are seeking nonpharmacologic treatment options for osteoporosis.
Chronic post amputation pain: pathophysiology and prevention options for a heterogenous phenomenon
Authors: Stone Alexander B. , Hollmann Markus W. , Terwindt Lotte E. , Lirk Philipp 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
Chronic postamputation pain (cPAP) remains a clinical challenge, and current understanding places a high emphasis on prevention strategies. Unfortunately, there is still no evidence-based regimen to reliably prevent chronic pain after amputation.

Recent findings
Risk factors for the development of phantom limb pain have been proposed. Analgesic preventive interventions are numerous and no silver bullet has been found. Novel techniques such as neuromodulation and cryoablation have been proposed. Surgical techniques focusing on reimplantation of the injured nerve might reduce the incidence of phantom limb pain after surgery.

Summary
Phantom limb pain is a multifactorial process involving profound functional and structural changes in the peripheral and central nervous system. These changes interact with individual medical, psychosocial and genetic patient risk factors. The patient collective of amputees is very heterogeneous. Available evidence suggests that efforts should focus on prevention of phantom limb pain, since treatment is notoriously difficult. Questions as yet unanswered include the evidence-base of specific analgesic interventions, their optimal “window of opportunity” where they may be most effective, and whether patient stratification according to biopsychosocial risk factors can help guide preventive therapy.
Application of natural killer immunotherapy in blood cancers and solid tumors
Authors: Sayegh Mark , Ma Shoubao , Yu Jianhua 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells characterized by their ability to attack aberrant and cancerous cells. In contrast to the activation of T-cells, NK cell activation is controlled by the interaction of NK cell receptors and their target cells in a manner independent of antigen organization. Due to NK cells’ broad array of activation cues, they have gained great attention as a potential therapeutic agent in cancer immunotherapy.

Recent findings
Ex vivo activation, expansion, and genetic modifications, such as the addition of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), will allow the next generation of NK cells to enhance cytotoxicity, promote survival, and create “off-the-shelf” products. In addition to these that are poised to greatly enhance their clinical activity, the inherent lack of potential for causing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and cytokine release syndrome (CRS) suggest that CAR NK cells have the potential to be complementary to CAR-T cells as a component of therapeutic strategies for cancer.

Summary
In this review, we will provide a general understanding of NK cell biology, CAR-NK cell advantages over CAR-T cell therapy, barriers to making NK cell immunotherapy viable, and current NK cell clinical trials for hematological malignancies and solid tumors. The next generation of NK cells has potential to change the circumstances guiding present cancer immunotherapies.
Safety of assisted reproductive techniques in gynecological cancer patients
Authors: Caballero Sergio , Domingo Javier , Garcia-Velasco Juan Antonio 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
Gynecological cancer is a very important cause of comorbidity and mortality in women. The current delay in motherhood is increasing the incidence of women under 40 years of age that have not yet achieved their maternity goals when they are diagnosed and standard treatment negatively impacts the reproductive potential of cancer survivors. In this review, we update the information available about the safety of fertility-sparing treatments in young gynecological cancer patients, as well as the safety and efficacy of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) in such group. We also evaluate the long-term gynecological cancer risk in women requiring ART.

Recent findings
Although eligibility criteria continue to be very strict, there are more and more reports of fertility-sparing approaches outside of what traditionally has been considered safe. Molecular assessment is starting to be used in the selection of appropriate candidates. Data increasingly shows the long term safety and the efficacy of ART and pregnancy in these patients.

Summary
Appropriate selection is key to safely preconize fertility-sparing alternatives. Because subfertility may be a result of these procedures, ART could be indicated in this setting. Neither ART nor pregnancy appear to increase recurrences or affect survival rates.
New hopes in relapsed refractory primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Calimeri Teresa , Steidl Carolina , Fiore Paolo , Ferreri Andrés J.M. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
Patients with relapsed/refractory primary central nervous system lymphoma (rrPCNSL) have poor prognosis, with a median survival after relapse of 6.8 months. In this review, we discuss the evolving landscape and the possible future directions related to this important unmet clinical need.

Recent findings
The modern two-phase approach for newly diagnosed PCNSL based on an induction using high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) combinations and a subsequent consolidation, has significantly improved the outcome in this setting. However, this strategy is able to cure more or less 50% of patients. rrPCNSL patients have a very poor prognosis with a reported 5-year overall survival of 18%. Late relapses (after third year) and use of high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT-ASCT) represent important factors associated with a better outcome in this setting. On the basis of the growing acquisition of knowledge on the molecular characteristics of PCNSL, the use of non-chemotherapeutic drugs such as bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTK-is), immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) is increasing in the last years along with the introduction of novel approaches (CAR-T cells and blood--brain barrier disruption). However, despite high responses in some cases, durations are often short, translating in outcome results still unsatisfactory.

Summary
Treatment of rrPCNSL patients is challenging. As no standard of care exist in this setting, it is of paramount importance to acquire new knowledge related to this condition and start multidisciplinary collaboration in order to improve pts outcome.
Relationship Between Parental Postnatal Distress and 5-Year Mental Health Outcomes of Children Born at <30 Weeks and at Term
Authors: Yates Rosemary , Treyvaud Karli , Lee Katherine J. , Doyle Lex W. , Cheong Jeanie L. Y. , Pace Carmen C. , Spittle Alicia J. , Spencer-Smith Megan , Anderson Peter J. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to compare mental health symptoms and diagnoses at age 5 years between children born <30 weeks' gestation and their term-born peers and associations with postnatal symptoms of depression and anxiety in their mothers and fathers.

Methods:
Parents of children born <30 weeks' gestation (n = 106) and at term (n = 105) completed measures of anxiety and depression symptoms within 4 weeks of birth and questionnaires assessing child socioemotional symptoms and mental health/neurodevelopmental diagnostic criteria at age 5 years.

Results:
At age 5 years, children born <30 weeks' gestation were more likely to show clinically concerning levels of total difficulties (odds ratio [OR] = 3.97, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–13.05), emotional problems (OR = 3.71, 95% CI, 1.14–12.15), and inattention/hyperactivity problems (OR = 4.34, 95% CI, 1.51–12.47) than term-born peers. They also showed higher rates of mental health/neurodevelopmental diagnoses than their term-born peers (18% vs 9%), although evidence for the group difference was weak (p = 0.08). Maternal postnatal anxiety and depression symptoms were related to poorer child mental health outcomes in many domains. There was little evidence that paternal postnatal anxiety/depression symptoms were related to child outcomes or that any associations varied by birth group.

Conclusion:
Children born <30 weeks' gestation showed more mental health symptoms than their term-born peers at age 5 years. Maternal postnatal distress was associated with poorer child mental health across both groups, reinforcing the need for early identification and support of mental health distress in the postnatal period to improve longer-term child well-being.
Intra-operative electroencephalogram frontal alpha-band spectral analysis and postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery
Authors: Khalifa Céline , Lenoir Cédric , Robert Annie , Watremez Christine , Kahn David , Mastrobuoni Stefano , Aphram Gaby , Ivanoiu Adrian , Bonhomme Vincent , Mouraux André , Momeni Mona 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND
Postoperative delirium (POD) remains a frequent complication after cardiac surgery, with pre-operative cognitive status being one of the main predisposing factors. However, performing complete pre-operative neuropsychological testing is challenging. The magnitude of frontal electroencephalographic (EEG) α oscillations during general anaesthesia has been related to pre-operative cognition and could constitute a functional marker for brain vulnerability.

OBJECTIVE
We hypothesised that features of intra-operative α-band activity could predict the occurrence of POD.

DESIGN
Single-centre prospective observational study.

SETTING
University hospital, from 15 May 2019 to 15 December 2021.

PATIENTS
Adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Pre-operative cognitive status was assessed by neuropsychological tests and scored as a global z score. A 5-min EEG recording was obtained 30 min after induction of anaesthesia. Anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane. Power and peak frequency in the α-band were extracted from the frequency spectra. POD was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit, the Confusion Assessment Method and a chart review.

RESULTS
Sixty-five (29.5%) of 220 patients developed POD. Delirious patients were significantly older with median [IQR] ages of 74 [64 to 79] years vs. 67 [59 to 74] years; P < 0.001) and had lower pre-operative cognitive z scores (−0.52 ± 1.14 vs. 0.21 ± 0.84; P < 0.001). Mean α power (−14.03 ± 4.61 dB vs. −11.59 ± 3.37 dB; P < 0.001) and maximum α power (−11.36 ± 5.28 dB vs. −8.85 ± 3.90 dB; P < 0.001) were significantly lower in delirious patients. Intra-operative mean α power was significantly associated with the probability of developing POD (adjusted odds ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.81 to 0.96; P = 0.007), independently of age and only whenever cognitive status was not considered.

CONCLUSION
A lower intra-operative frontal α-band power is associated with a higher incidence of POD after cardiac surgery. Intra-operative measures of α power could constitute a means of identifying patients at risk of this complication.

TRIAL REGISTRATION
NCT03706989.
The Effect of Work-Life Balance on Job Stress and Fatigue in Taxi Drivers
Authors: Göktaş Ayşe 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
This is a descriptive study that was conducted to examine the effect of work-life balance on job stress and fatigue in taxi drivers.

Methods
The study included 150 taxi drivers residing in Ankara. As a data collection tool, we used Work-Life Balance, Chalder Fatigue, and Work Stress Scales. We used the Mann-Whitney U test and multiple linear regression analysis.

Results
The model established after multiple linear regression analysis was statistically significant (F[5.142] = 5.442, P < 0.001). A 1-unit increase in the work-life balance variable caused a 2.885-unit decrease in the work stress score and a 0.143-unit decrease in the fatigue score.

Conclusions
We can suggest that taxi drivers who have a work-life balance will be able to participate in social activities in their daily lives, and leisure time activities with family and friends can help motivate individuals more and increase energy.
A Predictive Model of Severe Cytokine Release Syndrome After Coadministration of CD19- and CD22-Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Children With B-Cell Hematological Malignancies Based on Patient-Reported Outcomes
Authors: Zhao Kangjia , Sun Jiwen , He Mengxue , Ruan Haishan , Lin Geng , Shen Nanping 
Published: August 2023

Background
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy–related severe cytokine release syndrome (sCRS) has seriously affected the life safety of patients.

Objective
To explore the influencing factors of sCRS in children with B-cell hematological malignancies and build a risk prediction model.

Methods
The study recruited 115 children with B-cell hematological malignancies who received CD19- and CD22-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. A nomogram model was established based on symptomatic adverse events and highly accessible clinical variables. The model discrimination was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The calibration of our model was evaluated by the calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The bootstrap self-sampling method was used to internally validate.

Results
Thirty-seven percent of the children experienced sCRS. Indicators included in the nomogram were tumor burden before treatment, thrombocytopenia before pretreatment, and the mean value of generalized muscle weakness and headache scores. The results showed that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.841, and the calibration curve showed that the probability of sCRS predicted by the nomogram was in good agreement with the actual probability of sCRS. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated that the model fit the data well (χ
2 = 5.759, P = .674). The concordance index (C-index) obtained by internal validation was 0.841 (0.770, 0.912).

Conclusions
The nomogram model constructed has a good degree of discrimination and calibration, which provides a more convenient and visual evaluation tool for identifying the sCRS.

Implications for Practice
Incorporation of patient-reported outcomes into risk prediction models enables early identification of sCRS.