bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Ti‐metal addition on hot‐isostatically pressed (HIPed) Synroc‐C
Authors: Farzana Rifat , Dayal Pranesh , Peristyy Anton , Sutton Phillip , Aly Zaynab , Aughterson Robert D. , Nguyen Thanh Ha , Yeoh Michelle , Koshy Pramod , Gregg Daniel J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSynroc, a candidate nuclear wasteform and Synroc technology, a waste treatment solution utilizing hot‐isostatic pressing (HIPing) have significant potential for the immobilisation of challenging nuclear wastes from both current and innovative reactors and fuel cycles. Hot isostatic press (HIP) consolidation is undertaken within sealed metal HIP canisters, where metal buffers (e.g., Ti, Fe and Ni) can be incorporated to control the redox environment within the canister. This study, for the first time, reports the effect of varying Ti‐metal addition (0, 2, 4, and 8 wt.%) on phase formation, microstructural characteristics, and wasteform performance for HIP consolidated Synroc‐C containing 20 wt.% simulated PUREX type (PW‐4b) high level waste. Quantitative X‐ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy‐EDS analyses were undertaken for analytical investigations. The chemical durability of the samples was assessed using ASTM C1220‐21 standard test. Hot‐isostatically pressed (HIPed) samples with 0 and 8 wt.% Ti added for redox control produced unfavourable phase formation. However, the HIPed samples with Ti additions of 2 and 4 wt.% as a redox buffer showed the desired phase formation of Synroc‐C without any significant change to the partitioning of waste elements among the phases along with compatible durability results, when compared to previous literature for hot uniaxial pressing (HUPed) or sintered materials.
Using smart phone technology to improve daily living skills for individuals with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Stierle Jordan , Ryan Joseph B. , Katsiyannis Antonis , Mims Pamela , Carlson Alex , Allen Abigail 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with intellectual disabilities need continued supports in completing daily living tasks to increase the likelihood of achieving independence. Fortunately, research has shown that assistive technology, and particularly video prompting helps support independent living for individuals with intellectual disabilities.AimsThis study investigated the efficacy of a highly customizable task analysis smartphone application in assisting three young adults with intellectual disabilities learn how to cook three different multistep recipes.Materials & MethodsThree young adults with intellectual disabilities enrolled in a four‐year postsecondary education program (PSE) participated in a multiple probe design across participants to examine the effect of a Task Analysis app on the participants' completion of three cooking tasks.ResultsIn this present study, the use of video prompting to teach a daily living skill resulted in large and meaningful effect size gains of 99%–100% for all three participants, as measured by Tau‐U.DiscussionVideo prompting is an effective instructional strategy which allows the user to self‐prompt and manage their ability to successfully complete daily living skills. In this current study, video prompting made a substantial difference in the safety of participants.ConclusionThe use of video prompting can decrease the reliance on others (e.g., teachers and caregivers), improve self‐confidence of the user, and improve the user's level of autonomy.
LINC01705 derived from adipocyte exosomes regulates hepatocyte lipid accumulation via an miR‐552‐3p/LXR axis
Authors: Lin Anhua , He Wenjing 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionHigh glucose increases the accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes, which eventually results in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with diabetes. However, the specific mechanism or communication between adipocyte and hepatocyte lipid metabolism is still ambiguous.Materials and MethodsIn this study, exosomes released from human adipocytes were isolated and identified by their morphology, size, and marker proteins by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blotting (WB). Gene expression was detected by qRT‐PCR and WB. Lipid accumulation was determined by oil red O staining and analyses of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) content.ResultsOur results showed that co‐culture of HepG2 cells with adipocytes under high glucose conditions stimulated lipid deposition and LINC01705 expression in the HepG2 cells. Exosomes extracted from adipocytes cultured under high glucose conditions had higher levels of LINC01705 than exosomes extracted from adipocytes cultured under normal glucose conditions. Moreover, LINC01705 expression was also elevated in exosomes extracted from diabetes patients when compared with exosomes isolated from normal volunteers, and exosomes from patients who had diabetes complicated with fatty liver (DCFL) had the highest levels of LINC01705 expression. Treatment of HepG2 cells with exosomes extracted from high glucose‐stimulated adipocytes promoted lipid deposition and LINC01705 expression in HepG2 cells. Further experiments showed that overexpression of LINC01705 promoted HepG2 lipid metabolism, while inhibition of LINC01705 had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, LINC01705 competitively bound to miR‐552‐3p, and treatment with miR‐552‐3p inhibitor reversed the effects induced by LINC01705 knockdown. Moreover, miR‐552‐3p was found to regulate the transcription activity of LXRα and thereby modulate lipid metabolism‐related gene expression.ConclusionsWhen taken together, our findings showed that high glucose increased the LINC01705 levels in adipocyte exosomes, and thereby improved HepG2 lipid accumulation via an miR‐552‐3p/LXR axis.
Flower visits of cockroaches (Insecta: Blattodea) in the Iberian Peninsula: Are they neglected pollinators?
Authors: Pérez‐Gómez Álvaro , León‐Osper Melissa , Pareja Daniel , Robla Jairo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough several insect orders have been deeply studied in plant–animal interactions (e.g. pollination) cockroaches have traditionally been ignored in taxonomic and ecological studies. However, they could be playing a role in the reproduction of several plants. To date, 8 plant species use cockroaches as a pollination agent. In our study, we have reviewed 2865 records from citizen science platforms and our own data from the Iberian Peninsula to find flower visits made by cockroaches. We have detected 51 interaction records involving at least 8 different cockroach species and 35 plant species. Furthermore, nearly half of the detected cockroaches carried pollen on various parts of their bodies. These insects were found to mainly visit white, yellow and pink flowers from Apiaceae, Asteraceae and Cistaceae plant families (among others) mainly in late spring and early summer. However, for the confirmation of effective pollination, new studies must be carried out. Additionally, although the existence of pollination syndrome is far from being understood, we provide new insights that could help shed some light on this unknown relationship. Here we provide the first approximation of cockroach floral perception and we have detected that white flowers show the best fit and higher conspicousness to cockroach colour vision, as suggested for other neglected pollinator insects.
Preface: Special issue “Brain Proteostasis in Health and Disease”
Authors: Lourenco Mychael V. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis preface introduces the Journal of Neurochemistry Special Issue on Brain Proteostasis. Adequate control of protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, has been at the center stage of brain physiology, and its deregulation may contribute to brain diseases, including several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions. Therefore, delineating the processes underlying protein synthesis, folding, stability, function, and degradation in brain cells is key to promoting brain function and identifying effective therapeutic options for neurological disorders. This special issue comprises four review articles and four original articles covering the roles of protein homeostasis in several mechanisms that are of relevance to sleep, depression, stroke, dementia, and COVID‐19. Thus, these articles highlight different aspects of proteostasis regulation in the brain and present important evidence on this growing and exciting field.image
Cognitive evaluation and rehabilitation in high‐ and low‐income countries
Authors: Mazzucchi Anna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStarting from her own personal experience, in the First Part of the article, the author reconstructs how the specialized sectors of cognitive evaluation and rehabilitation evolved in Western countries (Europe, the United States, Canada, and Australia, in particular) during the second half of the last century and the first decades of this century. In the Second Part, she describes her personal experience in setting up a rehabilitation centre dedicated to traumatic brain‐injured subjects and her commitment to international cooperation (Bolivia, Rwanda, Myanmar, Tanzania) in the field of cognitive evaluation and rehabilitation in favour of people with congenital and acquired cerebral pathology, especially in the paediatric age, since there is an almost total lack of diagnostic, but above all, rehabilitative procedures for cognitive functions in low‐middle income countries. In the Third Part of the article, the author carries out an extensive review of the international literature on the differences in access to cognitive diagnostic evaluation and cognitive rehabilitation in middle‐ and low‐income countries – but not only – underlining the urgent need to launch a major international collaborative effort to reduce and eliminate these discrepancies.
Anatomy of the pontine arteries and perforators of the basilar artery in humans
Authors: Kwiatkowska Magdalena , Rzepliński Radosław , Ciszek Bogdan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCerebral blood flow constitutes a critical area of interest for neurologists, neurosurgeons, and interventional radiologists as a social burden related to ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and vascular dementia is expected to intensify. There is a great need to develop new and effective therapies, therefore deepening understanding of cerebrovascular anatomy, physiology, and pathology is crucial. The main aim of the study was to develop a comprehensive classification of the pontine arteries considering their typology, relations to the cranial nerves, branching schemes, and superficial pontine blood supply areas. We prepared 100 anatomical specimens of the human brainstem with the basilar artery, the pontine arteries, and the terminal perforating arteries. With the use of microsurgical microscope, we analyzed morphometry of the basilar artery, origins, courses, and branching patterns of the pontine arteries as well as distribution of the terminal perforators in relation to pontine superficial vascular areas and the cranial nerves. Additionally, we studied presence of pontine branches of the superior cerebellar artery (SCA) and anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). Repetitive branching patterns, origins, and courses led us to distinguish five types of the pontine arteries: type 1—the paramedian branches, type 2—the short circumflex branches, type 3—composition of the paramedian and the short circumflex branches, type 4—long circumflex branches, and type 5—median branches penetrating the pons along the basilar sulcus. Types 1, 2, and 4 were described in the literature previously, but the classification did not include the median branches (the most prevalent branches) and frequently occurring combinations of the types 1 and 2. There were seven pontine arteries on both sides on average that presented the following general pattern: the first pontine artery below the SCA is a type 4 vessel called the posterolateral pontine artery and it is followed by a type 2 vessel—the superolateral pontine artery; the next three arteries represent the types 1, 2, and 3 and supply most of the ventral pontine surface; the sixth artery—the anterolateral pontine artery—is a short circumflex branch and the seventh artery, originating below the AICA, represents long circumflex arteries. Occlusion of each of the abovementioned vessels relates to a specific pontine vascular syndrome. As explained by the phylogenesis and ontogenesis of the central nervous system, the pontine arteries are subject to variability. The SCA and the AICA took part in the pontine blood supply in 2.5% and 12.5% of cases, respectively, therefore neurovascular interventions involving the SCA, or the AICA may lead to pontine ischemia. Contact of the pontine arteries with the cranial nerves depends on the vessel type and origin location.
Liposome‐assisted penetration and antiaging effects of collagen in a 3D skin model
Authors: Lee Mi So , Bui Hoai‐Thuong Duc , Kim Su Ji , Lee Jun Bae , Yoo Hyuk Sang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCollagen is a major component of the extracellular matrix that supports the epidermal layers of the skin; thus, many strategies have been made to enhance the topical delivery of collagen for antiaging purposes. In addition, our previous study indicated that liposome can help the penetration of active ingredients into the skin.AimsTo produce stable collagen‐encapsulated liposomes to improve the topical delivery of collagen.MethodsCollagen‐encapsulated liposomes were fabricated using high‐pressure homogenization method. The colloidal stability and adhesion ability were confirmed using dynamic light scattering, and spectrofluorophotometer, respectively. Keratinocyte differentiations of 3D skin before and after treatment with collagen‐encapsulated liposomes were confirmed by real‐time PCR.ResultsIn comparison with native collagen, collagen‐encapsulated liposomes enhanced collagen retention in artificial membranes by twofold, even after repeated washings with water. In addition, real‐time PCR results indicated that 3D skin treated with collagen‐encapsulated liposomes exhibited higher levels of collagen, keratin, and involucrin, even after ethanol treatment.ConclusionLiposomes could serve as efficient delivery vehicles for collagen, thereby enhancing its antiaging effects.
Early introduction of complementary foods/drinks and milk feeding type in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC)
Authors: Marks Kristin J. , Boundy Ellen O. , Nakayama Jasmine Y. , Li Ruowei , Hamner Heather C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInfants younger than 4 months are not ready for complementary foods/drinks (any solid or liquid other than breast milk or infant formula). Almost half of US infants participate in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC), which provides nutrition education and support to low‐income families. We describe the prevalence of early introduction (<4 months) of complementary foods/drinks and examine the association of milk feeding type (fully breastfed, partially breastfed or fully formula fed) with early introduction of complementary foods/drinks. We used data from 3310 families in the longitudinal WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study‐2. We described the prevalence of early introduction of complementary foods/drinks and modeled the association of milk feeding type at Month 1 with early introduction of complementary foods/drinks using multi‐variable logistic regression. Thirty‐eight percent of infants were introduced early to complementary foods/drinks (<4 months). In adjusted models, infants who were fully formula fed or partially breastfed at Month 1 were 75% and 57%, respectively, more likely to be introduced early to complementary foods/drinks compared with fully breastfed infants. Almost two in five infants were given complementary foods/drinks early. Formula feeding at Month 1 was associated with higher odds of early introduction of complementary foods/drinks. There are opportunities to support families participating in WIC to prevent early introduction of complementary foods/drinks and promote child health.
Genetic and cultural evidence suggests a refugium for killer whales off Japan during the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Filatova Olga A. , Fedutin Ivan D. , Borisova Ekaterina A. , Meschersky Ilya G. , Hoyt Erich 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDuring glacial periods, highly mobile species were able to shift their ranges to warmer regions that remained ice‐free—so‐called “glacial refugia.” Glacial refugia often preserved higher levels of genetic diversity than areas that were colonized after the retreat of glaciers. In this study, we examined genetic and vocal variation in R‐type (“resident”) killer whales,Orcinus orca, from Nemuro Strait in the western North Pacific to test the hypothesis that environmentally stable marine regions may have preserved refugial populations of the killer whale that retained historical genetic and cultural diversity. We found three distinct mtDNA control region haplotypes and stereotyped calls that differed significantly from the repertoire of a population further north off Kamchatka and the adjacent western North Pacific. Therefore, both genetic and cultural evidence suggest that at least some killer whales from Nemuro Strait represent a separate maternal lineage. The control region haplotype diversity for Nemuro Strait is comparable to that for the rest of the North Pacific. The data presented here are consistent with the existence of the southwestern glacial refugium for killer whales in the waters off northern Japan during the Last Glacial Maximum.
An extracellular β‐N‐acetylhexosaminidase of Medicago truncatula hydrolyzes chitooligosaccharides and is involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis but not required for nodulation
Authors: Wang Yi‐Han , Liu Wei , Cheng Jing , Li Ru‐Jie , Wen Jiangqi , Mysore Kirankumar S. , Xie Zhi‐Ping , Reinhardt Didier , Staehelin Christian 
Published: July 2023

Summary

Establishment of symbiosis between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi depends on fungal chitooligosaccharides (COs) and lipo‐chitooligosaccharides (LCOs). The latter are also produced by nitrogen‐fixing rhizobia to induce nodules on leguminous roots. However, host enzymes regulating structure and levels of these signals remain largely unknown.

Here, we analyzed the expression of a β‐N‐acetylhexosaminidase gene of Medicago truncatula (MtHEXO2) and biochemically characterized the enzyme. Mutant analysis was performed to study the role of MtHEXO2 during symbiosis.

We found that expression of MtHEXO2 is associated with AM symbiosis and nodulation. MtHEXO2 expression in the rhizodermis was upregulated in response to applied chitotetraose, chitoheptaose, and LCOs. M. truncatula mutants deficient in symbiotic signaling did not show induction of MtHEXO2. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that MtHEXO2 is an extracellular protein. Biochemical analysis showed that recombinant MtHEXO2 does not cleave LCOs but can degrade COs into N‐acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Hexo2 mutants exhibited reduced colonization by AM fungi; however, nodulation was not affected in hexo2 mutants.

In conclusion, we identified an enzyme, which inactivates COs and promotes the AM symbiosis. We hypothesize that GlcNAc produced by MtHEXO2 may function as a secondary symbiotic signal.
Effects of exercise timing on metabolic health
Authors: Martínez‐Montoro José Ignacio , Benítez‐Porres Javier , Tinahones Francisco J. , Ortega‐Gómez Almudena , Murri Mora 
Published: July 2023

SummaryThe increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome is associated with major health and socioeconomic consequences. Currently, physical exercise, together with dietary interventions, is the mainstay of the treatment of obesity and related metabolic complications. Although exercise training includes different modalities, with variable intensity, duration, volume, or frequency, which may have a distinct impact on several characteristics related to metabolic syndrome, the potential effects of exercise timing on metabolic health are yet to be fully elucidated. Remarkably, promising results with regard to this topic have been reported in the last few years. Similar to other time‐based interventions, including nutritional therapy or drug administration, time‐of‐day‐based exercise may become a useful approach for the management of metabolic disorders. In this article, we review the role of exercise timing in metabolic health and discuss the potential mechanisms that could drive the metabolic‐related benefits of physical exercise performed in a time‐dependent manner.
Combined transcriptome and proteome analyses between the cytoplasmic male sterile line and its maintainer line in Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum)
Authors: Jia Junxiang , Yang Guodong , Li Na , Jiang Xintao , Cui Lianwei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is dispensable for research of heterosis and investigation of nuclear–cytoplasmic interaction in Welsh onion. The molecular mechanism of the cytoplasmic male sterile line and its maintainer line was investigated by combined transcriptome and proteome analyses in Welsh onion. The 410,585 full‐length non‐chimeric (FLNC, full‐length readsnon‐Chimeric) sequences were obtained, and AS events and lncRNAs were identified by full‐length transcriptome. Towards a comprehensive understanding and identification of related genes for male sterility, the transcriptome and proteome sequencing were utilized to explore the differences between the cytoplasmic male sterile line and its maintainer line. The 287 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 49 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, and we furthermore explored the function of genes and proteins. The heat map preliminarily demonstrated the expression change of the key genes and proteins in two cultivars. CMS‐related genes were screened form differentially expressed genes, and verified by quantitative real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Our research found the CMS regulatory genes, proteins and related pathways. The transcriptome and proteome datasets contribute to accelerate the development of CMS gene clones and functional genomics research on Welsh onions.