bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Foren Mill for Rolling Seamless Tubes Achieves Virtually Continuous Production
Authors: Wrage E. W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper deals with the development of the Foren tube-rolling process, details of the first experimental unit, and the problems which required solution in making it commercially practicable. Operation of the present unit, which is based on straight-line production methods, is described. Automatic controls for practically all operations have been developed, which makes possible the reduction of personnel to a minimum.
Report on Tubular Creep Tests
Authors: Norton F. H. , Soderberg C. R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This report comprises the results obtained on tubular specimens tested under internal pressure as measured for circumferential and longitudinal creep. In addition, tensile-test specimens of the same material were run as a comparison. This work follows closely an investigation’ reported upon previously. The apparatus and method of testing are exactly as described in that report. Preliminary reports were presented at the 1940 Annual Meeting.
Joint exposure to parental cancer and income loss during childhood and the child’s socioeconomic position in early adulthood: a Danish and Norwegian register-based cohort study
Authors: Klinte Mathilde , Hermansen Åsmund , Andersen Anne-Marie Nybo , Urhoj Stine Kjaer 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundParental cancer as well as economic hardship in the family during childhood can affect the child negatively. Our aim was to examine the association between the joint exposure to parental cancer and income loss in childhood and the child’s socioeconomic position in early adulthood.MethodsWe conducted a register-based prospective cohort study of children born in Denmark between 1978 and 1986 and in Norway between 1979 and 1987. The children were followed from 1 January 1994 (in Denmark) or 1995 (in Norway). Educational level and personal income were measured at age 30 years. Children who experienced parental cancer between the years they turned 8 and 16 years were identified, and exposure to income loss was measured in the same period. Adjusted multinomial logistic regression model was used to estimate relative risk ratios for the joint exposure of parental cancer and income loss during childhood.ResultsChildren who experienced parental cancer and an income loss during childhood had an increased risk of low education and lower income at age 30 years. The associations were weaker for children only exposed to income loss and less clear for those only exposed to parental cancer. Further, exposure to parental cancer with a severe cancer type was associated with lower educational level.ConclusionThe child’s educational attainment and income level in early adulthood were negatively affected by exposure to income loss in childhood, and even more so if exposed to both parental cancer and income loss. The associations with educational attainment were stronger for more severe cancer types.
Role of Cobalt Doping on the Physical Properties of CdO Nanocrystalline Thin Films for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Bairy Raghavendra , Somayaji Ananthakrishna , Marakala Narasimha , Devadiga Udaya , Rajesh M. , Wal John Chuol 
Published: December 2022

In the current work, the authors aim to present an insight on the role of cobalt (Co) doping for the structural, morphological, and linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of CdO thin films. The films were prepared using the spray pyrolysis (SP) technique, and the weight % of Co (x) was varied from 0–10. The structural properties of the films were confirmed by the powder X-ray diffraction (P-XRD) studies and are polycrystalline with a cubic structure and a lattice parameter of 0.4658 nm. As Co content in CdO films increases, cluster grain size and porosity decrease significantly, as seen in surface topographic and nanostructural analysis. Through the Burstein–Moss shift, the optical band gap “Eg” in Co: CdO film decreases from 2.52 to 2.05 eV with the increase in Co-doping. To study the NLO parameters, open aperture (OA) and closed aperture (CA) Z-scan measurements were performed using the diode-pumped solid-state continuous wave laser excitation (532 nm), and with the increased Co-content, the NLO parameters—nonlinear absorption coefficient (β∼10−3 cm/W), nonlinear refractive index

n

2

∼

10−8 cm2/W), and the 3rd-order NLO susceptibility

χ

3

∼

10−7 to 10−6 e.s.u.) values were determined and found to be enhanced. The maximum NLO parameters achieved in the present study with increasing Co concentration on CdO nanostructures prepared by the SP method are found to be the highest among the reported values and suggest that processed films are a capable material for optoelectronic sensor applications.
Desarrollo Curricular: de la teoría a la práctica
Authors: Basauri Savelli Sofía , Assef Marcela 
Published: December 2022

El desarrollo curricular es una forma de organizar un programa educacional, que puede aplicarse tanto a un curso acotado, como a una carrera profesional completa. En éste se consideran aspectos como los resultados de aprendizaje, las estrategias de enseñanza y de evaluación, así como el ambiente educacional y las experiencias de docentes y estudiantes. Un concepto básico que se debe tener en cuenta a la hora de construir un currículum efectivo es el de alinear constructivamente los diferentes elementos que lo componen, de forma que los resultados de aprendizaje planteados sean coherentes con las estrategias de enseñanza y aprendizaje, y los instrumentos de evaluación.
Con el fin de lograr aprendizajes efectivos, en las últimas décadas han surgido diversas tendencias curriculares, que tienen como característica común el ofrecer herramientas para que los estudiantes tomen un rol activo en su propio desarrollo profesional.
Este artículo entrega de forma breve, en base a la literatura disponible, las bases teóricas de diferentes tendencias curriculares (Educación basada en competencias, Individualización del aprendizaje, Aprendizaje auto dirigido, Educación basada en problemas, Integración curricular y Educación interprofesional), que se pueden incorporar al programa de formación para profesionales de la salud con el fin de potenciarlo, tanto en pregrado como en postgrado. Se sugieren, además, formas prácticas de aplicar estas innovaciones.
Tax Review Models and Working Papers in the Framework of Preparation for A Tax Audit (Case Study PT BJS)
Authors: Wauran Anita Ludia Vivian , Langi Treesje Amelia Clara , Wagiu Decire Dumingkan , Lasut Jeane Christine , Rengku Jeffry , Kaligis Steve 
Published: December 2022

The existence of an examination letter addressed to the Industry as a taxpayer is a scourge that is very much feared by every taxpayer as a business actor receiving income. The existence of an audit means problems for the Industry as a taxpayer, ignorance of the rules and mistakes that may occur either intentionally or unintentionally in reporting Industrial taxes will eventually become a very feared scourge. The existence of payment of the principal tax that must be paid after the tax audit, as well as very large fines and sanctions due to the reporting errors in a very large amount, has disrupted the cash flow of the industry. So as to minimize errors and confusion in tax reports regarding fiscal financial reports that are reported to the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) in the form of SPT, then prior to the existence of an audit letter it is better to hold a tax review contained in the working papers, to review or examine what tax obligations are inherent in every transaction that is in the commercial financial reports produced by the Industry, prior to reporting taxes. So that if there is a tax audit by the DGT on income from these business activities, a review or review of the tax payable that may exist in every transaction of the Industry's financial statements has been carried out beforehand, so that fines or sanctions that may arise can be minimized or prevented from the start. Ignorance of the need for a tax review model by the Industry made researchers conduct research on the tax review model and working papers in accordance with applicable tax regulations, in the face of a tax audit for Industry as a taxpayer and IDUKA.
This research method uses a qualitative descriptive method, which begins with designing a tax review in working papers for financial reports prepared by the industry as a taxpayer.
The results of this study produce a tax review model with audit work papers in preparing tax audits which are expected to assist taxpayers in planning corporate taxes.
XCVATR: detection and characterization of variant impact on the Embeddings of single -cell and bulk RNA-sequencing samples
Authors: Harmanci Arif , Harmanci Akdes Serin , Klisch Tiemo J. , Patel Akash J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
RNA-sequencing has become a standard tool for analyzing gene activity in bulk samples and at the single-cell level. By increasing sample sizes and cell counts, this technique can uncover substantial information about cellular transcriptional states. Beyond quantification of gene expression, RNA-seq can be used for detecting variants, including single nucleotide polymorphisms, small insertions/deletions, and larger variants, such as copy number variants. Notably, joint analysis of variants with cellular transcriptional states may provide insights into the impact of mutations, especially for complex and heterogeneous samples. However, this analysis is often challenging due to a prohibitively high number of variants and cells, which are difficult to summarize and visualize. Further, there is a dearth of methods that assess and summarize the association between detected variants and cellular transcriptional states.

Results
Here, we introduce XCVATR (eXpressed Clusters of Variant Alleles in Transcriptome pRofiles), a method that identifies variants and detects local enrichment of expressed variants within embedding of samples and cells in single-cell and bulk RNA-seq datasets. XCVATR visualizes local “clumps” of small and large-scale variants and searches for patterns of association between each variant and cellular states, as described by the coordinates of cell embedding, which can be computed independently using any type of distance metrics, such as principal component analysis or t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding. Through simulations and analysis of real datasets, we demonstrate that XCVATR can detect enrichment of expressed variants and provide insight into the transcriptional states of cells and samples. We next sequenced 2 new single cell RNA-seq tumor samples and applied XCVATR. XCVATR revealed subtle differences in CNV impact on tumors.

Conclusions
XCVATR is publicly available to download from https://github.com/harmancilab/XCVATR.
Identification of a major facilitator superfamily protein that is beneficial to L-lactic acid production by Bacillus coagulans at low pH
Authors: Tian Wenzhe , Qin Jiayang , Lian Congcong , Yao Qingshou , Wang Xiuwen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Product inhibition is one of the major problems in lactic acid (LA) fermentation. Our previous study revealed that Bacillus coagulans 2–6 was an efficient producer of high-optical-purity L-LA. Its mutant strain B. coagulans Na-2 has better resistance to sodium lactate stress but the resistance mechanism has not been understood.

Results
In this study, the whole-genome sequencing of B. coagulans Na-2 was performed and one mutant gene mfs coding for the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) protein was revealed by comparative genome analysis. Ten mutation sites were identified between the wild (MFS-2-6) and mutant (MFS-Na-2) proteins, among which T127A and N154T were predicted locating in the center of the transmembrane transport channel. The MFS-2-6 and MFS-Na-2 were expressed separately in a genetically operable strain, B. coagulans DSM1, using the genes’ native promoter. The expression of the two MFS proteins had no effect and a negative effect on L-LA production when the pH was controlled at 6.0 and 7.0 by sodium hydroxide, respectively. However, 4.2 and 4.6-fold of L-LA concentrations were obtained at pH 5.0 by the strains expressing MFS-2-6 and MFS-Na-2 than that by the control strain, respectively. The intracellular pH values of the strains expressing MFS-2-6 and MFS-Na-2 were approximately 0.69 and 0.45 higher than that of the control strain during pH-controlled fermentation at 5.0. Results suggest that the expression of MFS-2-6 and MFS-Na-2 were both conducive to L-LA production at low pH, while the better performance of the latter was probably due to the more appropriate intracellular pH during the whole fermentation process.

Conclusions
The MFS protein identified here can improve the ability of B. coagulans to resist acidic environments and produce more L-LA at low pH. The MFS protein has an application potential in environment-friendly L-LA production.
Medical teachers' affective domain teaching dilemma and path exploration: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Ziyan , Hu Qiongyin , Xu Chunyan , Zhou Jianmin , Li Junhong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
In the student-centered modern teaching environment of higher education, the affective domain was of great value to the overall development of medical students and the sustainable development of medical education. However, in the teaching practice of the medical specialty in Our country, there are still a lot of phenomena that pay attention to knowledge teaching but neglect affective education. Compared with affective domain, teachers tended to focus on the learning of specialized knowledge and skills. This paper investigated the attitudes and evaluations of teachers and students of medical school on affective education, analyzed the current situation and problems of teaching in the affective educauion of medical professions, and explored the path of combining the affective field and medical profession from the perspective of medical teachers.

Methods
A questionnaire survey was conducted among medical teachers and students across the country. Using the self-appointed teacher scale and the student scale to obtain their ratings of all dimensions of teaching in the affective field through a free online tool called "WenJuanXing". Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis methods were used to analyze the data to explore the obstacles in affective education and the factors affecting the outcome of affective education.

Results
A total of 523 medical teachers and 3268 medical students were surveyed, according to the results of questionnaire data analysis, there are differences in the needs of senior and lower grade students in various dimensions of affective education, and the current Chinese medical teachers carrying out affective education are facing unclear positioning and interpretation of affective education goals, lack of affective experience in teaching methods, lack of affective education evaluation norms, lack of continuity and progressivity of affective cultivation, and school organizational mechanisms need to be improved.

Conclusions
This paper had some suggestions aimed at the above problem. Firstly, It is necessary to strengthen the construction of the organizational mechanism of medical universities, provide them with guarantees and training according to the characteristics of teachers of different teaching ages, and comprehensively improve teachers' affective literacy from the inside out. Secondly, teachers should design clear progressive goals and content systems of affective education, constructing an evaluation system of affective education in the experiential teaching method.
Investigating PSMA differential expression in canine uroepithelial carcinomas to aid disease-based stratification and guide therapeutic selection
Authors: Berry Matthew R. , Fadl-Alla Bahaa A. , Samuelson Jonathan , Rosol Thomas J. , Fan Timothy M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
In male dogs, uroepithelial cancers include invasive urothelial carcinoma (iUC) and prostate carcinoma (PCA). The inability to distinguish iUC involving the prostate from PCA results in indiscriminate clinical management strategies that could be suboptimal as first-line chemotherapy for iUC (cisplatin) and PCA (docetaxel) differ in people. Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a transmembrane protein, and its overexpression has been identified in human prostate carcinoma and neovasculature associated with solid tumor growth. This study investigates whether differential PSMA expression exists between presumptive canine iUC and PCA among cell lines and archived patient samples, which might allow for improved accuracy in disease-based stratification and optimal chemotherapy selection. Additionally, in vitro sensitivities of reported canine iUC and PCA cell lines to uroepithelial directed chemotherapeutic agents were characterized.

Results
Normalized PSMA gene and protein expressions were not significantly different between 5 iUC and 4 PCA cell lines. PSMA protein expression was uniformly observed in uroepithelial cancers regardless of anatomic origin from archived patient samples, further confirming that PSMA cannot differentiate iUC from PCA. In vitro sensitivity of cell lines to uroepithelial directed chemotherapeutics revealed that vinblastine exerted the broadest cytotoxic activity.

Conclusions
Differential expression of PSMA was not identified between canine iUC and PCA cell lines or archived patient samples, and PSMA alone cannot be used for disease stratification. Nonetheless given its conserved overexpression, PSMA may be a targetable surface marker for both canine iUC and PCA. Lastly, in uroepithelial carcinomas, vinblastine might exert the broadest anticancer activity regardless of cellular origin.
Automatic lesion detection and segmentation in 18F-flutemetamol positron emission tomography images using deep learning
Authors: Ryu Chan Ju 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Beta amyloid in the brain, which was originally confirmed by post-mortem examinations, can now be confirmed in living patients using amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) tracers, and the accuracy of diagnosis can be improved by beta amyloid plaque confirmation in patients. Amyloid deposition in the brain is often associated with the expression of dementia. Hence, it is important to identify the anatomically and functionally meaningful areas of the human brain cortex surface using PET to diagnose the possibility of developing dementia. In this study, we demonstrated the validity of automated 18F-flutemetamol PET lesion detection and segmentation based on a complete 2D U-Net convolutional neural network via masking treatment strategies.

Methods
PET data were first normalized by volume and divided into five amyloid accumulation zones through axial, coronary, and thalamic slices. A single U-Net was trained using a divided dataset for one of these zones. Ground truth segmentations were obtained by manual delineation and thresholding (1.5 × background).

Results
The following intersection over union values were obtained for the various slices in the verification dataset: frontal lobe axial/sagittal: 0.733/0.804; posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus coronal/sagittal: 0.661/0.726; lateral temporal lobe axial/coronal: 0.864/0.892; parietal lobe axial/coronal: 0.542/0.759; and striatum axial/sagittal: 0.679/0.752. The U-Net convolutional neural network architecture allowed fully automated 2D division of the 18F-flutemetamol PET brain images of Alzheimer's patients.

Conclusions
As dementia should be tested and evaluated in various ways, there is a need for artificial intelligence programs. This study can serve as a reference for future studies using auxiliary roles and research in Alzheimer's diagnosis.
The value of Xpert MTB/RIF assay of urine samples in the early diagnosis of smear-negative urinary tuberculosis
Authors: Wang Yachun , Tan Jiao , Lei Lei , Yuan Yingying , Li Wenbo , Zhao Yue , Wang Yali , Niu Xiaodong , Li Zheng , Wei Lukuan , Han Yungang , Cheng Meijing , Guo Xu , Han Xue , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
According to reports, between 30 and 40 percent of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) cases are caused by urinary tract tuberculosis (UTB). It is critical to identify UTB quickly since it frequently precedes delayed medical attention, which can have detrimental effects. This study examined the use of Xpert MTB/RIF, a PCR test that can detect MTB as well as resistance to an important drug, rifampicin (RIF), in UTB particularly, for the early identification of UTB.

Methods
180 participants with clinically presumptive UTB whose urine samples were chosen for urine sediment smear, culture, Xpert MTB/RIF, and TB-DNA testing at Henan Chest Hospital between January 2019 and July 2022. Evaluation of test performance using Composite Reference Standards (CRSs). We studied and compared the positivity rate for various tests using the t-test. The effectiveness of smear, culture, Xpert MTB/RIF, and TB-DNA was assessed using McNemar test.

Results
In this subject, a total of 108 participants were diagnosed with UTB, and the positivity rate was 67.1%. Compared with CRS, the positivity rate of Xpert MTB/RIF, smear, culture, and TB-DNA was 29.69% (19/64, P < 0.001), 7.56% (9/119, P < 0.1), 12.12% (4/33, P > 0.05), and 18.75% (6/32, P < 0.1), respectively. The sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF assay was significantly better than that of smear and culture tests (78.9% vs. 77.8%, P < 0.05; 78.9% vs. 75%, P < 0.05). Under CRS, the positivity rate for Xpert, culture, and TB-DNA was 31.6% (6/19, P < 0.1), 6.2% (1/16, P > 0.05), and 26.7% (4/15, P > 0.05) for TB-DNA, respectively, compared to smear negative. Xpert MTB/RIF assay specificity was significant for culture and TB-DNA (53.6% vs. 25%, P < 0.01; 53.6% vs. 38.9%, P < 0.05), and Xpert MTB/RIF assay FPV was significant for culture and TB-DNA (53.6% vs. 0%, P < 0.001; 53.6% vs. 0%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Xpert MTB/RIF outperforms smear, cultures, and TB-DNA in detecting UTB, plus Xpert MTB/RIF is better suited for early diagnosis in smear-negative UTB.