bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voltammetry for Monitoring Platinum, Palladium and Rhodium in Environmental and Food Matrices
Authors: Amorello Diana , Orecchio Santino , Barreca Salvatore , Orecchio Silvia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe interest of researchers on quantification of Pt, Pd and Rh in the environmental and food matrices is the consequence of the production of catalytic converters for car engines. Sensitization, mutagenic effects in bacterial and mammalian cells, and increased tumour incidence are the effects of Pt, Pd and Rh at high concentrations reported in medical and occupational researches while their effects at the low environmental concentrations have not been determined. Voltammetric techniques are very advantageous to quantify PGEs in environmental and food matrices due to their intrinsic sensitivity derived from the electrochemical pre‐concentration of the analyte at the electrode surface, the capability to distinguish between different redox species and/or labile from non‐labile metal complexes, with applications for metal speciation studies. The analysis of PGEs by spectrophotometric methods (atomic absorption, ICP‐MS, ICP‐OES, etc.) suffers from several practical problems. In this article we take into consideration the research concerning environmental and food matrices from 1996 to 2022.
A Carbon‐Black‐Doped Molybdenite‐Based Electrochemical Sensor for Simultaneous Determination of Uric Acid, Dopamine, and Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Ma Tingting , Wang Yue , Hasebe Yasushi , Zhang Zhiqiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA simple, rapid, cost‐effective and non‐enzymatic amperometric sensor for sensitive and simultaneous determination of uric acid (UA), dopamine (DA), and ascorbic acid (AA) was developed based on a new combination of carbon black (CB) and molybdenite (MLN) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The synergistic effect of CB and MLN can increase electrode's conductivity, accelerate the electrochemical catalytic reaction and enhance the oxidation currents of UA, DA and AA. Cyclic voltammetry demonstrated the sensor to perform excellently in the electrochemical oxidation of AA, DA and UA, respectively. The oxidation potentials are well separated (oxidation peaks at −50 mV, 200 mV and 350 mV vs. Ag/AgCl) for AA, DA and UA with the detection limits of 5 μmol/L, 8.7 μmol/L and 9 μmol/L (S/N=3), respectively. The MLN‐CB/GCE sensor also demonstrated superior electrochemical properties including good stability, selectivity and reproducibility. In addition, the prepared sensor for UA allowed the determination of UA in highly diluted body fluids (urine), and the analytical results obtained by the present sensor were in good agreement with those obtained by conventional spectrophotometry.
Elimination of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Medium Using an Agricultural Waste Product of Crude Corn Silk (Stylus maydis) and Corn Silk Treated with Sulphuric Acid
Authors: Ekinci Selma 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study is to employ an adsorption technology to remove methylene blue from the aqueous solution. Methylene blue is one of the dyestuffs that are discharged to wastewater after being used extensively in the industry and creating pollution. A residue of an agricultural product called corn silk was employed in the adsorption process, along with corn silk that had been sulphuric acid‐treated. Using methods like FT‐IR, SEM, EDX, and TGA, the structures of crude corn silk (CCS) and modified corn silk (MCS) were clarified. The ideal adsorption conditions for both adsorbents were found to be equilibrium contact period, pH, the dose of adsorbent, and beginning methylene blue concentration. At 293, 313, and 333 K, adsorption kinetic and isotherm experiments were conducted. It was determined that both adsorptions were compatible with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model kinetically and the Freundlich isotherm model isothermally with higher R2values. At 333 K, the maximum adsorption capacities (qm) of CCS and MCS were calculated to be respectively 59.5 mg g−1and 400 mg g−1. The findings demonstrated that although crude corn silk adsorbs methylene blue, sulphuric acid treatment greatly increases its adsorption ability.
Microwave‐Assisted Rational Designed CNT‐Mn3O4/CoWO4 Hybrid Nanocomposites for High Performance Battery‐Supercapacitor Hybrid Device
Authors: Huang Naibao , Sun Yin , Liu Sen , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Junjie , Guo Likui , Bi Jiapeng , Sun Xiannian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExtensive research interest in hybrid battery‐supercapacitor (BSH) devices have led to the development of cathode materials with excellent comprehensive electrochemical properties. In this work, carbon nanotube (CNT)‐Mn3O4/CoWO4 triple‐segment hybrid electrode is synthesized by using a two‐step microwave‐assisted hydrothermal route. Systematic physical characterization revealed that, with the assistance of microwave, granular Mn3O4 and spheroid‐like CoWO4 with preferred orientation, and oxygen vacancies are stacked or arranged on CNTs skeletons to construct a rational designed hybrid nanocomposite with abundant heterointerfaces and interfacial chemical bonds. Electrochemical evaluations show that the synergistic cooperation in CNT‐Mn3O4/CoWO4 resulted in an ultra‐high specific capacity (1907.5 C g−1/529.8 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1), a wide operating voltage window (1.15 V), the satisfactory rate capability (capacity maintained at 1016.5 C g−1/282.3 mA h g−1 at 15 A g−1), and excellent cycling stability (117.2% initial capacity retention after 13000 cycles at 15 A g−1). In addition, the assembled CNT‐Mn3O4/CoWO4//N doped porous carbon (NC) BSH device delivered a stable working voltage of 2.05 V and superior energy density of 67.5 Wh kg−1 at power density of 1025 W kg−1, as well as excellent stability (92.2% capacity retained at 5 A g−1 for 12600 cycles). This work provides a new and feasible tactic to develop high‐performance transition metal oxide‐based cathodes for advanced BSH devices.
Chiroptical Nanocellulose Bio‐Labels for Independent Multi‐Channel Optical Encryption
Authors: Zhou Yi , Lu Canhui , Lu Zhixing , Guo Zhen , Ye Chunhong , Tsukruk Vladimir V. , Xiong Rui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdvanced multiplexing optical labels with multiple information channels provide a powerful strategy for large‐capacity and high‐security information encryption. However, current optical labels face challenges of difficulty to realize independent multi‐channel encryption, cumbersome design, and environmental pollution. Herein, multiplexing chiroptical bio‐labels integrating with multiple optical elements, including structural color, photoluminescence (PL), circular polarized light activity, humidity‐responsible color, and micro/nano physical patterns, are constructed in complex design based on host‐guest self‐assembly of cellulose nanocrystals and bio‐gold nanoclusters. The thin nanocellulose labels exhibit tunable circular polarized structural color crossover the entire visible wavelength and circularly polarized PL with the highest‐recorded dissymmetry factor up to 1.05 due to the well‐ordered chiral organization of templated gold nanoclusters. Most importantly, these elements can independently encode customized anti‐counterfeiting information to achieve five independent channels of high‐level anti‐counterfeiting, which are rarely achieved in traditional materials and design counterparts. Considering the exceptional seamless integration of five independent encryption channels and the recyclable features of labels, the bio‐labels have great potential for the next generation anti‐counterfeiting materials technology.
Temporally Stable Supramolecular Polymeric Salts Enabling High‐Performance 3D All‐Aromatic Polyimide Lattices
Authors: Weyhrich Cody W. , Will John W. , Nayyar Garvit , Westover Clarissa C. , Patterson Steven , Arrington Clay B. , Williams Christopher B. , Long Timothy E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVat photopolymerization (VP) Additive Manufacturing (AM), in which UV light is selectively applied to cure photo‐active polymers into complex geometries with micron‐scale resolution, has a limited selection of aliphatic thermoset materials that exhibit relatively poor thermal performance. Ring‐opening dianhydrides with acrylate‐containing nucleophiles yielded diacrylate ester‐dicarboxylic acids that enabled photo‐active polyimide (PI) precursors, termed polysalts, upon neutralization with an aromatic diamine in solution. In situ FTIR spectroscopy coupled with a solution and photo‐rheological measurements revealed a previously unknown time‐dependent instability of 4,4′‐oxydianiline (ODA) polysalts due to an aza‐Michael addition. Replacement of the electron‐donating ether‐containing diamine with an electron withdrawing sulfone‐containing monomer, e.g., 4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS), prohibited the aza‐Michael addition of the aromatic amine to the activated acrylate double bond. Novel DDS polysalt photocurable solutions are similarly analyzed and validated long‐term stability, which enabled reproducible printing of polyimide organogel intermediates. Subsequent VP AM afforded 3‐dimensional (3D) structures of intricate complexity and excellent surface finish, as demonstrated with scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the novel PMDA‐HEA/DDS solution enabled the production of the first beam latticed architecture comprised of all‐aromatic polyimide. The versatility of a polysalt platform for multi‐material printing is further demonstrated by printing parts with alternating polysalt compositions.
Astogenetic morphological variation in the bryozoan Prophyllodictya gracilis from the Middle Ordovician of Russia and inferred colony‐wide feeding currents
Authors: Key Marcus M. , Wyse Jackson Patrick N. , McDowell Madelaine S. , Nestell Merlynd K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe discovery of a relatively large and complete ptilodictyid bryozoan colony enabled morphometric analysis of astogenetic change from the colony base to the periphery. This enabled us to test the hypothesis that the relative area of feeding and non‐feeding zooids must be relatively constant across astogenetic growth in this colony. The colony is a stenolaemate cryptostome belonging to the cribrate species Prophyllodictya gracilis (Eichwald). It was recovered from the Volkhov Formation (Dapingian Stage of the Middle Ordovician) from the Putilovo Quarry east of St Petersburg, Russia. The colony was digitally imaged so lacuna and branch dimensions could be measured relative to the colony base and colony edge. Branch thickness and width decreased from the colony base to the top of the colony. Lacuna area and the number of autozooecial rows per branch also decreased distally while the number of lacunae per area increased. As a result, there was an astogenetically stable ratio of autozooid‐bearing skeletal branch area to the total lacuna area across the colony. This characteristic is interpreted as a requirement of colony‐wide feeding currents in this cribrate cryptostome colony.
Peace, emotion labor, and language teacher identity in times of war: The stories of two Ukrainian English university teachers
Authors: Kałdonek‐Crnjaković Agnieszka , Czopek Karolina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this interview‐based study was to explore the experiences of two university teachers who fled war‐torn Ukraine and currently reside in Poland. We collected the data through two individual interviews to illustrate the dynamism and complexity of the participants' language teacher identities (LTIs) and emotion labor when striving for inner and interpersonal peace, using positioning theory as a theoretical framework. Findings show that in response to the forced migration, the participants continuously strived for inner and interpersonal peace, which is an indispensable element of their language teaching practices. The participants' longing for inner and interpersonal peace needs to be understood as a dimension, reflecting the multilayered, complex nature between peace and tensions. Further, data reflected that participants' longing for inner peace directly shapes their emotion labor and language teacher identities. The manuscript ends with a discussion of the findings by referring to the concept of well‐being in language learning and teaching.
Waste tire remanufacturing: Quantitative‐aided qualitative sustainability analysis
Authors: Abdullah Ziyad Tariq 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWaste tires contain a large amount of embodied energy and useful materials that can be recovered. In an existing remanufacturing process, the waste tire components are separated, thermomechanical devulcanization is used to restore the formability of the waste rubber for recycling, and waste rubber powder is mixed with chemical agents and subjected to hot rolling and extrusion to form rubber sheet products. Here, the quadruple‐bottom‐line sustainability of this remanufacturing process was studied for the first time based on the global availability of waste tires, and four technical alternatives based on different levels of automation and order of the processing steps were evaluated. The numbers of each machine for separating the tire components and processing the rubber were optimized. Quantitative sustainability analysis was conducted to calculate the sustainability index (SI) of four remanufacturing alternatives based on the technological feasibility of each processing step. Furthermore, a quantitative–qualitative sustainability assessment was performed to weight a criteria performance matrix of the technical alternatives qualitatively to overcome the lack of experience in the field. Waste‐tire remanufacturing has final SI values of ∼0.69–0.79, which exceed literature threshold values, indicating that it is a sustainable business strategy.
Product low‐carbon design, manufacturing, logistics, and recycling: An overview
Authors: He Bin , Yuan Xin , Qian Shusheng , Li Bing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to the worsening world climate crisis, reducing carbon emissions throughout product operations has become an issue that the manufacturing industry must face. In order to gain competitive advantage, this paper aims to explore low carbon design techniques for product life cycle: including low carbon design, low carbon manufacturing, low carbon logistics and low carbon recycling, as they are highly relevant to reducing carbon emissions. This paper proposes a portfolio structure for low carbon operations, consisting of a target layer, a strategy layer, and a support layer, aimed at improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. To emphasize the maximization of economic, environmental, and social advantages, the objective layer establishes a system of goals for low‐carbon product design. The strategy layer proposes four low‐carbon product design technologies: low‐carbon product design, manufacturing, transportation, and recycling. The support layer emphasizes the importance of operational systems and support platforms for low‐carbon products, such as low‐carbon design systems, energy information collection systems, energy optimization support systems, carbon emission monitoring and control systems, and low‐carbon management systems. However, successful implementation of low carbon manufacturing is challenging due to the complexity of low carbon manufacturing and the uniqueness of each company. Therefore, this paper suggests applying a life‐cycle‐oriented low‐carbon operation model to various manufacturing enterprises and exploring models that reflect actual manufacturing practices to achieve the goal of low‐carbon manufacturing.This article is categorized under:

Sustainable Development > Goals
ZZ instantons and the non-perturbative dual of c = 1 string theory
Authors: Balthazar Bruno , Rodriguez Victor A. , Yin Xi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study the effect of ZZ instantons in c = 1 string theory, and demonstrate that they give rise to non-perturbative corrections to scattering amplitudes that do not saturate unitarity within the closed string sector. Beyond the leading non-perturbative order, logarithmic divergences are canceled between worldsheet diagrams of different topologies, due to the Fischler-Susskind-Polchinski mechanism. We propose that the closed string vacuum in c = 1 string theory is non-perturbatively dual to a state of the matrix quantum mechanics in which all scattering states up to a given energy with no incoming flux from the “other side” of the potential are occupied by free fermions. Under such a proposal, we find detailed agreement of non-perturbative corrections to closed string amplitudes in the worldsheet description and in the dual matrix model.
Generation of isospin sum rules in heavy hadron weak decays
Authors: Wang Di 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Isospin symmetry is the most precise flavor symmetry. In this work, we propose an approach to generate isospin sum rules for heavy hadron decays without the Wigner-Eckhart invariants. The effective Hamiltonian of heavy quark weak decay is fully invariant under a series of isospin lowering operators $$ {I}_{-}^n $$

I
−
n

and then the isospin sum rules can be generated through several master formulas. It provides a systematic way to study the isospin symmetry of c- and b-hadron weak decays. The theoretical framework of this approach is presented in detail with the nonleptonic decays of D and B mesons as examples. In addition, the V-/U-spin sum rules are derived in a similar algorithm by replacing $$ {I}_{-}^n $$

I
−
n

with $$ {V}_{-}^n/{U}_{-}^n $$

V
−
n

/

U
−
n

.
A short note on an adaptive damped Newton method for strongly monotone and Lipschitz continuous operator equations
Authors: Heid Pascal 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe consider the damped Newton method for strongly monotone and Lipschitz continuous operator equations in a variational setting. We provide a very accessible justification why the undamped Newton method performs better than its damped counterparts in a vicinity of a solution. Moreover, in the given setting, an adaptive step-size strategy be presented, which guarantees the global convergence and favours an undamped update if admissible.
Peptide aptamer targeting Aβ–PrP–Fyn axis reduces Alzheimer’s disease pathologies in 5XFAD transgenic mouse model
Authors: Ali Tahir , Klein Antonia N. , Vu Alex , Arifin Maria I. , Hannaoui Samia , Gilch Sabine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCurrently, no effective therapeutics exist for the treatment of incurable neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The cellular prion protein (PrPC) acts as a high-affinity receptor for amyloid beta oligomers (AβO), a main neurotoxic species mediating AD pathology. The interaction of AβO with PrPC subsequently activates Fyn tyrosine kinase and neuroinflammation. Herein, we used our previously developed peptide aptamer 8 (PA8) binding to PrPC as a therapeutic to target the AβO–PrP–Fyn axis and prevent its associated pathologies. Our in vitro results indicated that PA8 prevents the binding of AβO with PrPC and reduces AβO-induced neurotoxicity in mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells and primary hippocampal neurons. Next, we performed in vivo experiments using the transgenic 5XFAD mouse model of AD. The 5XFAD mice were treated with PA8 and its scaffold protein thioredoxin A (Trx) at a 14.4 µg/day dosage for 12 weeks by intraventricular infusion through Alzet® osmotic pumps. We observed that treatment with PA8 improves learning and memory functions of 5XFAD mice as compared to Trx-treated 5XFAD mice. We found that PA8 treatment significantly reduces AβO levels and Aβ plaques in the brain tissue of 5XFAD mice. Interestingly, PA8 significantly reduces AβO–PrP interaction and its downstream signaling such as phosphorylation of Fyn kinase, reactive gliosis as well as apoptotic neurodegeneration in the 5XFAD mice compared to Trx-treated 5XFAD mice. Collectively, our results demonstrate that treatment with PA8 targeting the AβO–PrP–Fyn axis is a promising and novel approach to prevent and treat AD.
Studying the Effect of Two Analytical Solutions of Advection-Diffusion Equation on Experimental Data
Authors: Essa Khaled S. M. , Taha Hanaa Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this article, two proposed analytical model solutions of the steady-state advection-diffusion equation were carried out using the technique of advection diffusion multilayer method (ADMM), variable separation technique, Fourier transform, square complement method, general integrated transport technique (GITT) and Laplace transform. This work considers the wind speed u, crosswind eddy diffusivity $${k}_{y}$$

k
y

and vertical eddy diffusivity $${k}_{z}$$

k
z

as functions of power law in vertical distance "$$z$$
z
". This consideration was applied to the two analytical models. The predicted concentrations were calculated for neutral, stable and unstable conditions. The calculated concentrations for unstable conditions were compared with already existing experimental data measured for radioactive iodine-135 (I135) at an Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority test at Inshas. Also, the calculated concentrations for stable and neutral conditions were compared with already existing experimental data on iodine I-131 (I131) released from the research reactor. A comparison of the values of the proposed concentrations and the previous works is included in this article. It was found that the second predicted model was in good agreement with observed data in unstable, stable and neutral conditions compared with the first predicted model.
Measuring social exclusion and its distribution in England
Authors: Dykxhoorn Jennifer , Osborn David , Fischer Laura , Troy David , Kirkbride James B. , Walters Kate 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Social exclusion is a multidimensional concept referring processes which restrict the ability of individuals or groups to participate fully in society. While social exclusion has been used to explore patterns of disadvantage, it has been difficult to measure. Thus, we aimed to use population-based data to measure social exclusion and its constituent domains and to describe its distribution in England.

Methods
We used data from Understanding Society in 2009/2010 develop a multidimensional measurement approach, replicated in 2018/2019. We defined five domains of social exclusion from the literature and expert consultation: material, relational, political, digital, and structural. In both waves, we identified measures for each domain, then conducted principal component analysis to identify the components. We generated domain scores and an overall social exclusion score. We described the distribution of social exclusion and its domains by sex, region, age, and ethnicity.

Results
We found the level of social exclusion was higher in the youngest age group and decreased by age. We found elevated levels of overall social exclusion for ethnic minoritised groups including African, Arab, and Caribbean groups compared to White British groups. We found distinct patterns within each domain.

Discussion
We developed an overall measure of social exclusion with five domains, and finding distinct patterns of social exclusion by age, ethnicity, and region which varied across domain. These findings suggest that attention should be paid to the separate domains due to different population distributions. This measurement approach moves beyond conceptual discussions of social exclusion and demonstrates the utility of a quantitative measure of social exclusion for use in health and social research.