bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural Radioactivity in Sachet Drinking Water Produced in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Olaniyi David , Nwankwo Chioma , Oyeyemi Samuel M. , Akerele Olumide O. , Owoade Latifat R 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Natural radioactivity in twenty (20) brands of sachet water produced in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria was analyzed using well-shielded, calibrated NaI(Tl) gamma spectroscopy. The measured activity concentration varies from 0.89 ± 0.24 Bql-1 to 11.65 ± 2.83 Bql-1 for 238U, 0.41 ± 0.05 Bql-1 to 8.78 ± 0.97 Bql-1 for 232Th and 4.29 ± 0.4 Bql-1 to 37.48 ± 2.51 Bql-1 for 40K. The mean annual effective dose calculated for the age groups 0–1 y, 1–2 y, 2–7 y, 7–12y, 12–17 y, and > 17 y are 4.82, 0.64, 0.57, 0.59, 0.65, 0.76mSv respectively. The total annual effective dose from consumption of some of the sachet water exceeded the world average values of 0.12mSv reported by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The values also exceed the World Health Organization and International Commission on Radiological Protection recommended values of 0.1mSv and 1.0mSv respectively. This showed that there might be radiological risks arising from the consumption of the analyzed sachet water.
Outcomes of the combined application of ultrathin endoscope and guidewire replacement for self-expandable metal stent placement in colorectal carcinoma with intestinal obstruction: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Shu Lei , Li Shuang-yi , Chen Li , Yang Lin , Liu Song , Zhang Li , Shi Zhao-hong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) placement with an emergency colonoscope has been gradually applied to treat colorectal carcinoma with intestinal obstruction (CCIO). We proposed a new technique based on current SEMS placement with the combined application of ultrathin endoscope and guidewire replacement to solve previous technical difficulties. This study evaluated its feasibility, efficacy, and safety for SEMS placement in CCIO.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 31 CCIO patients, who received the novel SEMS placement technique at Wuhan No.1 Hospital between June 2019 and October 2022. Technical and clinical success rates, adverse events, prognosis, and follow-up were evaluated. Inter-group differences between bridge to surgery (BTS) and palliative treatment (PT) groups and clinical feasibility of this technique were analyzed.
Results: Overall technical and clinical success rates were 100% (31/31) and 96.8% (30/31), respectively, without adverse events. There was no significant difference in procedure time and technical/clinical success rates among three attending physicians(p>0.05). Fourteen BTS patients (14/31, 45.2%) underwent SEMS with a post-placement confined operation, which had a 100% success rate (14/14) and no ostomy. Median follow-up time was 67.5 days, and four patients (4/14, 28.6%) had postoperative adverse events of inflammatory anastomotic changes. Seventeen PT patients had a median follow-up time of 30 days, without adverse events. Two patients (2/17, 11.8%) underwent follow-up colonoscopywith no post-placement stent migration/obstruction.
Conclusions: The combined application of ultrathin endoscope with guidewire replacement for SEMS placement to treat CCIO could avoid X-ray-induced medical radiation damage and reduce cross-infection risk, making it clinically safe, effective, and promotion suitable.
From Co-Location Patterns to an Informal Social Network of Gig Economy Workers
Authors: Pilatti Gustavo , Candia Cristian , Montini Alessandra , Pinheiro Flavio L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The labor market has transformed with the advent of the gig economy, characterized by short-term and flexible work arrangements facilitated by online platforms. As this trend becomes increasingly prevalent, it presents unique opportunities and challenges. In this manuscript, we comprehensively characterize the social networks of gig economy workers in each of the 15 cities studied. Our analysis reveals a scaling relationship between networks and the city population. In particular, we note the high level of modularity of the networks and we argue that it results from the natural specialization of couriers along different areas of the cities. Furthermore, we show that degree and betweenness centrality is positively correlated with income but not with tenure. Our findings shed new light on the social organization of the gig economy workers and provide valuable insights for the management and design of gig economy platforms.
Period wise future distribution and range-shift estimation using shared socioeconomic pathways on Taxus wallichiana medicinal plant
Authors: Chakraborty Dhriti , Mondal Kartick Chandra , Mukhopadhyay Somnath 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The threats of extinction and loss of diversity of Himalayan medicinal plants have been accelerated since decades due to global climate change associated with anthropogenic pressure. Such a flora, Taxus wallichina is facing regional extinction due to over-exploitation for its superb utility in various medicinal and non-medicinal trading purposes. The assessment of the impact of climate change on the suitability of ecological habitats of this climate-sensitive species is of utmost importance. The new generation climate model, CMIP6, provides us with different plausible future climatic scenarios driven by shared socio-economic pathways for different future periods. Through the implementation of ensemble species’ distribution modelling, we assess the probabilistic niche distribution of Taxus wallichina under current and different future climatic scenarios. A precise wide-range spatial-temporal assessment of suitable niche distribution leads us to the identification of potential regions for conservation of the species to facilitate their sustainability. A detailed time frame estimation in the niche distribution assists the identification of any retrieval or consistent declination in habitat suitability of a particular zone. The target species featuring its potential distribution in the zones of ample precipitation and cooler monsoon is observed to show drastically different range-shifts under different projection pathways. The present study reveals that the habitat suitability assessment should be carried out time to time under all possible socio-economic projection pathways to update the conservation policies in future.
Change of appearance and satisfaction after umbilical hernia repair in children - Long-term follow up of Slit-Slide procedure
Authors: Onishi Shun , Esumi Genshiro , Fukuhara Masahiro , Sato Tomoe , Izaki Tomoko , Ieiri Satoshi , Handa Noritoshi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The cosmetic outcomes of surgery for umbilical hernia are not always satisfactory. Reports of the long-term outcome of patient satisfaction are poorly documented because the umbilical shape changes after surgery due to growth. The aim of this study is to clarify the long-term cosmetic satisfactory outcome of both parents and patients who underwent “slit-slide procedure,” which is designed to provide a more natural appearance.
Methods
From 2010 to 2019, 149 patients with umbilical hernia underwent the slit-slide procedure at our hospital. The “slit-slide procedure” allows for the creation of an umbilicus with a more natural and integrated appearance. The questionnaire of the patient satisfaction survey was sent by mail (n = 139), and responses were obtained from 74 (53.2%) respondents. A questionnaire survey on postoperative appearance was also distributed to pediatric surgeons.
Results
The median age at the operation was 2.5 old (2 months to 14 years). The average median age at the time of answering the questionnaire was 6.25 years (2.5 to 14.86). The average median period of observation was 3.2 years (4 months to 8.97 years). Most patients (89.2%) and parents (93.2%) were satisfied with the appearance of the umbilicus. Twenty-seven patients reported improved satisfaction after surgery (36.2%). In most patients, the umbilicus had an oval appearance after the slit-slide procedure. Surgeons tended to score the elongated oval shape highly; however, there was no difference in satisfaction among the shapes.
Conclusion
The slit-slide procedure is not only radical and safe but also achieves a satisfactory aesthetic outcome.
Reticular fibre structure in the differential diagnosis of parathyroid neoplasms
Authors: Hu Xiumei , He Shurong , Jiang Xingran , Wei Ping , Zhou Xiang , Shi Zhongyue , Li Xue , Lu Jun , Zhao Hongying , Wei Bojun , Jin Mulan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the characteristics of reticular fibre structure (RFS) in parathyroid adenoma (PTA), atypical parathyroid tumour (APT), and parathyroid carcinoma (PTC), and to assess its value as a diagnostic indicator.
Methods
Clinical data and pathological specimens of patients with PTA, APT or PTC were collected. Reticular fibre staining was performed to observe the characteristics of RFS. This study evaluated the incidence of RFS destruction in parathyroid tumours, compared RFS destruction between primary PTC and recurrent and metastatic PTC, and explored the association between RFS destruction and clinicopathological features of APT and primary PTC.
Results
Reticular fibre staining was performed in 50 patients with PTA, 25 patients with APT, and 36 patients with PTC. In PTA cases, a delicate RFS was observed. In both the APT and PTC groups, incomplete RFS areas were observed. The incidence of RFS destruction was different among the PTA, APT, and PTC groups (P < 0.001, χ2-test), at 0% (0/50), 44% (11/25), and 86% (31/36), respectively. When differentiating PTC from APT, the sensitivity and specificity of RFS destruction were 81% and 56%, respectively. The incidence of RFS destruction was 73% (8/11) in the primary PTC group and 92% (23/25) in the recurrent and metastatic PTC groups. In both the APT group and primary PTC group, no correlation was found between RFS destruction and clinicopathological features.
Conclusion
RFS destruction may indicate that parathyroid tumours have unfavourable biological behaviours.Reticular fibre staining may be a valuable tool for improving the diagnostic accuracy in parathyroid tumours.
Temporal trends in surgery for Crohn’s disease: A ten-year single-center retrospective study
Authors: Liu Wei , Ge Xiaolong , Qi Weilin , Cao Qian , Cao Liping , Zhou Wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that requires surgery in many cases. The characteristics of CD surgical patients and the temporal trends in surgical management in China has not been well studied. This article aims to investigate the changes related to CD surgery in China over 10 years
Methods: The data of patients underwent abdominal surgery for CD between 2013 and 2022 were collected prospectively. Data were compared between two periods (2013–2017 and 2018–2022).
Results: A total of 1059 individuals underwent 1176 surgical procedures, of which 67.1% were male. The median age of patients at the time of surgery was 36.0 years, and an overall increasing trend was observed in surgical volume. The proportion of patients treated with biologics increased from the first period (2013-2017) to the second (2018-2022), rising from 35% to 46% (p< 0.001). In the second stage, the proportion of patients who underwent surgery for abscesses or fistulas increased (47.8% vs. 40.0%), while the percentage of emergency surgeries declined (3.0% vs. 7.1%). Furthermore, there was a rise in the proportion of laparoscopic surgeries (76.5% vs. 63.7%), coupled with a decrease in stoma rates (15.4% vs. 30.5%) and postoperative complications (23.0% vs. 30.5%).
Conclusion: The frequency of biologics usage in CD surgery have increased over time, and the proportion of penetrating patients has grown. Minimally invasive surgical methods have become the norm, and surgical outcomes have markedly enhanced, evidenced by a substantial reduction in both stoma rates and complication rates.
Evolution of vitamin D status and vitamin D receptor gene expression among professional handball athletes during a competitive period. Relationship with body composition, calcium, magnesium and phosphorous
Authors: Molina-López Jorge , Herrera-Quintana Lourdes , Vázquez-Lorente Héctor , Planells Elena 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction: A generalized risk of vitamin D deficiency exists worldwide affecting also professional and elite athletes. This study assesses the evolution of vitamin D status and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene expression and their relationship with body composition, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorous (P) among professional handball athletes during a competitive period.
Methods: A total of 26 male subjects were recruited: 13 professional handball athletes and 13 non-athlete controls. An observational follow-up study was conducted in 2 time points over a 16-week period. Nutritional intake, body composition, and routinary biochemical parameters were measured via 24-hours recall, bioimpedance and enzyme immunoassay, respectively. Ca and Mg were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry and P was determined with the colorimetric method of Fiske-Subbarow. 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) levels and its forms (i.e., 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2) were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), whereas VDR gene expression was measured by quantitative real time-polymerase chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).
Results: A total of 54% of the athletes showed deficient vitamin D status. Moreover, a prevalence of insufficient vitamin D status in handball players affected 46% at baseline, reaching 61% after 16 weeks. Vitamin D showed no evolution during the competitive period and no differences between groups were observed (all p ≥0.05). Handball players increased the VDR expression, enhanced body composition, Ca and Mg levels at 16-weeks follow-up (all p <0.05). VDR gene expression was positively related with body mass and body mass index at follow-up in athletes (all p ≤0.038; r ≥0.579) and with Ca at baseline in controls (p = 0.026; r = 0.648). Finally, 25(OH)D2 form was directly associated with P in athletes at 16 weeks of study (p = 0.034; r = 0.588).
Conclusion: Players of indoor team sports such as handball would be a population at risk of vitamin D deficiency. The 16-weeks competition improved VDR gene expression, body composition, Ca and Mg levels. The associations observed between VDR gene expression and the variables of the study evidenced the importance of this receptor as a marker involved in health status in handball athletes despite vitamin D − although in a deficient status −, Ca, Mg and P showed no remarkable changes during the competition period.
HNF1A gene mutation (c.811del, p.Arg271Glyfs) causing maturity onset of diabetes of the young 3: a case study of an Indian patient
Authors: Chitturi Neelima , Sunkara Satish , Pemmasani Sandhya Kiran , Acharya Anuradha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) is a rare type of diabetes which starts in early adulthood and its prevalence is less than 5%. This can be an underestimate as it is usually misdiagnosed either as Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes. MODY can be classified to different types and determining its type through genetic testing would be the best recommendation for the management of disease. In this report, a case study is presented to determine the genetic cause of diabetes, suspected to be MODY.
Case history: The presented case was diagnosed with diabetes at the age of 17 with a strong family history of diabetes. The individual was on insulin (12 units) with high random blood sugar levels (200 to 300 mg/dL) and HbA1c (9.2%, 77 mmol/mol). Whole exome sequencing has shown presence of a known likely pathogenic variant in HNF1A gene (chr12: 121432062, c.811del, p.Arg271Glyfs), known to cause MODY3. Other unaffected family members were screened for the variant using Sanger sequencing, but the results were negative. The association of this variant with the disease is reported for the first time in Indian population.
Conclusion: Determination of genetic cause of diabetes is important for accurate diagnosis and prognosis. With appropriate treatment, such as sulphonylurea therapy, blood sugars can be brought under control and over time painful insulin therapy could be discontinued. This case clearly indicates importance of genetic screening to treat and manage diabetes in a right way.
High efficiency removal of ibuprofen in water using activated carbon derived from Radix Angelica Dahurica residue
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Xuemei , Li Xin , Li Weiyan , Mao Shanshan , He Shiyi , Wu Xiao , Tang Cuiqing , Yu Jiao , Pan Liqin , Zhou Xing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The exploitation and utilization of Traditional Chinese medicine has produced large numbers of waste residue including Radix Angelica Dahurica residue (RAR) and raised environmental concerns. Meantime, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of ibuprofen (IBP) is an emerging contaminant in the aquatic environment. RAR was utilized to prepare activated carbons (AC) to remove IBP from water firstly. Two kinds AC modified without (RAR-AC) and withphosphoric acid (M-RAR-AC) were characterized by FT-IR, TG, BET and SEM. The phosphoric acid activation contributes to the high BET surface area, large total pore volume, and efficient IBP removal of M-RAR-AC. M-RAR-AC shows considerable advantages in contaminant cleanup and time efficiency than RAR-AC and commercial AC. The enhancement of IBP removal with M-RAR-AC was investigated further by varying initial pollutant concentration, absorbent dosage, temperature, pH and rotating speed. Especially, temperature nearly has no effect on IBP removal by M-RAR-AC. IBP removal of 93.3 ± 0.1% and 64.2 ± 2.8% was achieved for first and fifth cycle, respectively. Kinetic studies suggested that the pseudo-second-order model can fit well and chemisorption plays the dominant role on IBP removal. These findings provide new insights into the utilization of RAR for preparing AC and highlight the potential applications for treating industrial wastewater.
Applications of non-invasive prenatal testing in 91280 spontaneous pregnancies and 3477 pregnant women undergoing in vitro Fertilization
Authors: Wei Rong Wei , Li Jingran , Lu Xinran , Zhang Miaomiao , Fang Yuqin , Xia Yuanyuan , Wang Chaohong , Zhu Jiansheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
A large number of clinical studies based on spontaneous pregnancies (SP) have proved the superiority of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), and whether this technology is suitable for the offspring of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has attracted people's attention. The aim of this study is to evaluate the application value of NIPT in screening for trisomy21(T21), trisomy18(T18), trisomy13(T13) and sex chromosome aneuploidy (SCA) in pregnant women underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Results
A total of 804 cases (0.88% (804/91280), singleton = 795, twin = 9) of high-risk in the SP group, of the 558 cases (singleton = 556, twin = 2) that underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis (IPD), 343 cases (singleton = 342, twin = 1) were true positive, including 213 cases T21, 28 cases T18, 5 cases T13 and 97 cases (singleton = 96, twin = 1) SCA. The positive predictive value (PPV) of T21, T18, T13 and SCA in singleton pregnancies were 89.12% (213/239), 51.85% (28/54), 21.74% (5/23) and 40.00% (96/240), and the PPV of SCA in twin pregnancies was 100.00%. In the in vitro fertilization (IVF) group, IPD was underwent in 19 cases (singleton = 16, twin = 3) of the 27 cases (0.78% (27/3477), singleton = 16, twin = 3) high-risk, of which 9 cases (singleton = 8, twin = 1) were true positive, including 5 cases (singleton = 4, twin = 1) T21 and 4 cases of SCA. The PPV of singleton T21 and SCA was 66.67% (4/6) and 50.00% (4/8), and the PPV of twin T21 was 100.00% (1/1). There was no significant difference in sensitivity and specificity between the two groups. Based on follow-up, we found 1 case of T21 false negative results in SP group and no false negative case in IVF group. Additionally, the mean fetal fraction (FF) of IVF group was lower than that of SP group (11.23%vs.10.51%, p < 0.05).
Conclusion
NIPT has high sensitivity and specificity in screening chromosomal aneuploidies in both IVF pregnant women and spontaneous pregnancies pregnant women, so it is an ideal screening method for IVF pregnant women.
Potent and Selective Covalent Inhibition of the Papain-like Protease from SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Sanders Brian , Pokhrel Suman , Labbe Audrey , Mathews Irimpan , Cooper Connor , Davidson Russell , Phillips Gwyndalyn , Weiss Kevin , Zhang Qiu , O'Neill Hugh , Kaur Manat , Ferrins Lori , Schmidt Jurgen , Reichard Walter , Surendranathan Surekha , Parvathareddy Jyothi , Phillips Lexi , Rainville Christopher , Sterner David , Kumaran Desigan , Andi Babak , Babnigg Gyorgy , Moriarty Nigel , Adams Paul , Joachimiak Andrzej , Hurst Brett , Kumar Suresh , Butt Tauseef , Jonsson Colleen , Wakatsuki Soichi , Galanie Stephanie , Head Martha , Parks Jerry 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Direct-acting antivirals are needed to combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The papain-like protease (PLpro) domain of Nsp3 from SARS-CoV-2 is essential for viral replication. In addition, PLpro dysregulates the host immune response by cleaving ubiquitin and interferon-stimulated gene 15 protein (ISG15) from host proteins. As a result, PLpro is a promising target for inhibition by small-molecule therapeutics. Here we have designed a series of covalent inhibitors by introducing a peptidomimetic linker and reactive electrophile onto analogs of the noncovalent PLpro inhibitor GRL0617. The most potent compound inhibited PLpro with kinact/KI = 10,000 M− 1 s− 1, achieved sub-µM EC50 values against three SARS-CoV-2 variants in mammalian cell lines, and did not inhibit a panel of human deubiquitinases at > 30 µM concentrations of inhibitor. An X-ray co-crystal structure of the compound bound to PLpro validated our design strategy and established the molecular basis for covalent inhibition and selectivity against structurally similar human DUBs. These findings present an opportunity for further development of covalent PLpro inhibitors.