bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Enhancement of Crystal‐Field‐Split Narrow f‐f Emission Lines of Europium Ions by Electric and Magnetic Purcell Effect of Mie Resonant Silicon Nanosphere
Authors: Kasai Hiroki , Sugimoto Hiroshi , Fujii Minoru 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNarrow‐band Purcell enhancement for electric and magnetic dipole emitters by high‐order Mie resonances up to the magnetic and electric octupole modes of a silicon nanosphere antenna is experimentally demonstrated. Eu3+ complexes are attached on the surface of a silicon nanosphere 160 to 316 nm in diameter, and the photoluminescence and scattering properties are investigated. It is shown that the branching ratio of the 5D0→7Fj (j = 0–4) f‐f transitions of Eu3+ is controlled in a wide range by tuning the resonance wavelength of a silicon nanosphere by the size. Because of the high‐quality factor resonances, not only a specific 5D0→7Fj transition, but also a specific Stark sublevel transition whose spectral separation is 3–9 nm can be selectively enhanced by precisely controlling the size of a silicon nanosphere with the accuracy of ≈2 nm.
The First Proof of Concept Demonstration of Nanowarming in Coral Tissues
Authors: Daly Jonathan , Bouwmeester Jessica , Perry Riley , Page Chris , Khosla Kanav , Kangas Joseph , Lager Claire , Hardy Katherine , Bischof John C. , Hagedorn Mary 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCoral reefs are threatened by anthropogenic climate change, which causes ocean acidification and warming that can result in coral death and the loss of genetic diversity on reefs around the world. Global efforts to secure the genetics of threatened populations using cryopreservation and biobanking are underway but are limited to coral sperm and larvae, available only during brief annual spawning events. Methods to cryopreserve adult coral tissues to enable biobanking activities year‐round are urgently needed, but are challenging due to the presence of a calcium carbonate skeleton and algal symbionts within the tissues, and chill sensitivity. In this study, vitrification and laser nanowarming permitted successful recovery of adult coral tissues in a novel sample type, the single‐polyp microfragment. Fluorescence and confocal microscopy shows clearly defined green fluorescent protein auto‐fluorescence around the polyp mouth post‐warming, with an overall survival rate of 39.7 ± 7.4% at 24 h post‐warming and 23.3 ± 9.7% at 1 month, but relatively few algal symbionts are present in the tissues, indicating poor survival of these cells. These proof‐of‐concept results provide a basis for continued research and development of a field‐ready protocol for cryopreservation of adult coral tissues, which will be essential to prevent extinctions and support reef restoration.
Capitalization of Graphene/Chitosan Nanocomposites as Intriguing Vehicles for Targeted Anti‐Cancer Drug Delivery
Authors: Kourti Malamati , Theodorakis Antigonos , Skouras Athanasios , Chrissopoulou Kiriaki , Anastasiadis Spiros H. , Stylianakis Minas M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe effective combination of various polysaccharides with graphene derivatives toward the formation of nanocomposites has gained enormous interest for a number of emerging biological and biomedical applications. The intriguing properties of the individual materials are further improved upon the realization of (nano)composites, thus providing new insights and property enhancement in terms of durability, flexibility, biocompatibility, low‐toxicity, and antibacterial/antimicrobial behavior. Therefore, novel (nano)composite agents are prepared and investigated to serve as ideal carriers or scaffold materials in regenerative medicine, biosensing, disease diagnosis and treatment, drug delivery, as well as stem cell and tissue engineering applications. This topical review summarizes the most recent studies published during the last quinquennium (2018–2022), on the development of anticancer drug delivery systems (DDSs) based on graphene/chitosan (CS) nanocomposites. The followed synthetic routes and the integrated properties of the composite materials are analyzed, discussing the impact of their utilization in the field of drug delivery for the treatment of various cancer types. The prospects and future research trends in the field are also discussed.
Ligand‐dependent aggregation‐enhanced photoacoustic of atomically precise metal nanocluster
Authors: Zhou Changlin , Wang Meng , Yao Qiaofeng , Zhou Yu , Hou Chuantao , Xia Jianfei , Wang Zonghua , Chen Jishi , Xie Jianping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAtomically precise metal nanoclusters (MNCs), as a potential type of photoacoustic (PA) contrast agent, are limited in application due to their low PA conversion efficiency (PACE). Here, with hydrophilic Au25SR18 (SR = thiolate) as model NCs, we present a result that weakly polar solvent induces aggregation, which effectively enhances PA intensity and PACE. The PA intensity and PACE are highly dependent on the degree of aggregation, while the aggregation‐enhanced PA intensity (AEPA) positively correlates to the protected ligands. Such an AEPA phenomenon indicates that aggregation actually accelerates the intramolecular motion of Au NCs, and enlarges the proportion of excited state energy dissipated through vibrational relaxation. This result conflicts with the restriction of intramolecular motion mechanism of aggregation‐induced emission. Further experiments show that the increased energy of AEPA originates from the aggregation inhibiting the intermolecular energy transfer from excited Au NCs to their surrounding medium molecules, including solvent molecule and dissolved oxygen, rather than restricting radiative relaxations. This study develops a new strategy for enhancing the PA intensity of Au NCs, and contributes to a deeper understanding of the origin of the PA signal and the excited state energy dissipation processes for MNCs.
Total Biosynthesis of Melleolides from Basidiomycota Fungi: Mechanistic Analysis of the Multifunctional GMC Oxidase Mld7
Authors: Fukaya Mitsunori , Nagamine Shota , Ozaki Taro , Liu Yaping , Ozeki Miina , Matsuyama Taro , Miyamoto Kazunori , Kawagishi Hirokazu , Uchiyama Masanobu , Oikawa Hideaki , Minami Atsushi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMushroom terpenoids are biologically and chemically diverse fungal metabolites. Among them, melleolides are representative sesquiterpenoids with a characteristic protoilludane skeleton. In this study, we applied a recently established hot spot knock‐in method to elucidate the biosynthetic pathway leading to 1α‐hydroxymelleolide. The biosynthesis of the sesquiterpene core involves the cytochrome P450 catalyzing stepwise hydroxylation of the Δ6‐protoilludene framework and a stereochemical inversion process at the C5 position catalyzed by short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase family proteins. The highlight of the biosynthesis is that the flavoprotein Mld7 catalyzes an oxidation‐triggered double‐bond shift accompanying dehydration and acyl‐group‐assisted substitution with two different nucleophiles at the C6 position to afford the Δ7‐protoilludene derivatives, such as melleolide and armillarivin. The complex reaction mechanism was proposed by DFT calculations. Of particular importance is that product distribution is regulated by interaction with the cell membrane.
Molecular dynamics of vegetable oil extraction and degumming: Analysis of micelles and phospholipid bilayers in different solvents
Authors: Biasi Lilian Caroline Kramer , Rodrigues Christianne Elisabete da Costa , Pessoa Filho Pedro de Alcântara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the molecular‐level mechanisms of vegetable oil extraction and degumming remains limited. This study aimed to investigate these processes using molecular dynamics (MD), with a focus on the challenges associated with replacing n‐hexane with ethanol. MD simulations with a coarse‐grained force field (Martini 3) were conducted to examine the behavior of phospholipid mono/bilayers with and without triacylglycerol in various solvents, including water, absolute and aqueous ethanol (with 0%–10% water content by weight), and n‐hexane. Trilinolein and phospholipids with 16–18 carbon tails and 0–2 unsaturations were considered. The degree of unsaturation and tail size of phospholipids did not significantly affect bilayer formation in water. However, they influenced bilayer organization, as measured by the order parameter, bilayer thickness, and area. The phospholipid bilayer, composed of 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (POPC), exhibited a well‐defined structure in water, partial disruption in ethanol, and complete disruption in n‐hexane. The presence of triacylglycerol had no effect on phospholipid monolayers in water but increased lipid disorder in ethanol. Minor amounts of water in ethanol did not significantly alter the behavior of the lipid layers. MD simulations, combined with artificial intelligence, identified and quantified the formation of micelles during the degumming process, both in conjunction with n‐hexane extraction and independently as a function of water concentration. The volume and number of micelles were strongly influenced by the water content. Molecular dynamics in food engineering is relatively limited and scarce because of the complex nature of the systems. However, this study successfully demonstrates its applicability in this context.
Phenoxazine‐benzimidazolium ionic hole transport material for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Shin Jong Chan , Kim Moonhoe , Lee Minjae , Yang JungYup 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA novel organic ionic material, hole transport material‐1 (HTM‐I), was synthesized and characterized as a hole transport material for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with the aim of replacing 2,2',7,7'‐Tetrakis[N,N‐di(4‐methoxyphenyl)amino]‐9,9'‐spirobifluorene (Spiro‐OMeTAD). HTM‐I was designed to incorporate both phenoxazine and benzimidazolium iodide salt structures, and its chemical structure was confirmed using 1H NMR and high‐resolution mass spectrometry. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements revealed that HTM‐I maintained an amorphous phase throughout the temperature range of −60 – 200 °C, and thermogravimetric analysis showed good thermal stability up to 220 °C. To evaluate its potential as a hole transport layer, perovskite solar cells were fabricated using a fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO)/compact‐TiO2/(Cs/FA/MA)Pb(I/Br)3/hole transport layer/Au configuration. The resulting n–i–p planar structure exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 10.4%.
ZrIV complexation for stability enhancement of polydopamine coatings and rapid grafting of amine compounds
Authors: Lee Arisu , Kim Inho , Kang Sung Min 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolydopamine is extensively researched in multiple disciplines due to its ability to coat various solid substrates and undergo secondary functionalization. However, a drawback of polydopamine is its tendency to degrade under strong alkaline conditions. This study aims to address this limitation. Specifically, it is observed that the stability of polydopamine significantly increases when it forms a complex with zirconium (IV). Furthermore, the polydopamine/zirconium (IV) complex demonstrates efficient incorporation of amine compounds, opening up possibilities for further applications.
Problematic Internet Use in adolescents: New psychometric evidence for the Spanish short form of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale
Authors: Pérez‐Sáenz Julia , Ortuño‐Sierra Javier , Pérez‐Albéniz Alicia , Mason Oliver , Fonseca‐Pedrero Eduardo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesProblematic Internet Use (PIU) has become a worldwide problem in recent years. Among screening instruments for PIU, the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) is perhaps the most widely used. Psychometric properties of the full CIUS are not convincing, however, and the short form (CIUS‐S) has shown promising results, albeit limited to the English version, with little evidence in Spanish. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to study the psychometric properties of the CIUS‐S scores in a large sample of Spanish adolescents.MethodThe sample consisted of 1790 participants, 816 male (45.6%), 961 female (53.7%), and 13 other (0.7%) . Mean age was 15.70 years (SD = 1.26).ResultsThe five‐items one‐dimensional model displayed appropriate goodness‐of‐fit indices. Strong measurement invariance model across age and partial across gender was found. Furthermore, the CIUS‐S was positively associated with several indicators of poor well‐being and mental health, and negatively associated with prosocial behavior, self‐esteem, and feeling of belonging.ConclusionOverall, the CIUS‐S scores appear reliable and valid in its Spanish version for adolescent populations, supporting its aim to detect and prevent a problem that has become a major worldwide issue in the last years.
Functional changes in the salience network of patients with amnesic mild cognitive impairment before and after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Yuan Qianqian , Xue Chen , Liang Xuhong , Qi Wenzhang , chen Shanshan , Song Yu , Wu Huimin , Zhang Xulian , Xiao Chaoyong , Chen Jiu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is considered to be the prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The precuneus (PCUN) may be an imaging marker for monitoring the progression of AD. Meanwhile, cognitive impairment in AD patients is closely related to functional connectivity (FC) changes in the salience network (SN). We hypothesize that there are specific neuroimaging biomarkers in the SN and that FC changes in aMCI patients after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) intervention are associated with cognitive function. The purpose of this study was to first investigate the pattern of functional changes in aMCI patients and healthy controls (HCs) and then compare the functional changes in aMCI patients before and after rTMS targeting to PCUN and its correlation with cognitive function.MethodsThirty‐six HCs and 61 aMCIs were recruited for our study. Eleven people in the aMCI group received rTMS intervention 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Using the right anterior insula as the seed‐of‐interest, we first compared FC changes in HC and aMCI patients and then compared cognitive function in aMCI patients before and after rTMS. The above is the functional connection analysis of seed‐to‐voxel. Moreover, we investigated the FC changes in aMCI patients after rTMS intervention and its correlation with cognitive function.ResultsCompared with HC, the aMCI group showed altered FC in bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, bilateral inferior parietal lobule, left middle frontal gyrus, and left middle temporal gyrus. Moreover, rTMS at PCUN improved the cognitive function of aMCI patients, which was related to the altered FC in posterior cerebellar lobes (CPL).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that rTMS targeting PCUN is a promising, noninvasive approach to ameliorating cognitive dysfunction in aMCI patients, and that this cognitive improvement is accompanied by brain connectivity modulation.
White matter hyperintensities influence distal cortical β‐amyloid accumulation in default mode network pathways
Authors: Ali Doaa G. , Bahrani Ahmed A. , El Khouli Riham H. , Gold Brian T. , Jiang Yang , Zachariou Valentinos , Wilcock Donna M. , Jicha Gregory A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeCerebral small vessel disease (SVD) has been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet, the role of SVD in potentially contributing to AD pathology is unclear. The main objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that WMHs influence amyloid β (Aβ) levels within connected default mode network (DMN) tracts and cortical regions in cognitively unimpaired older adults.MethodsRegional standard uptake value ratios (SUVr) from Aβ‐PET and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes from three‐dimensional magnetic resonance imaging FLAIR images were analyzed across a sample of 72 clinically unimpaired (mini‐mental state examination ≥26), older adults (mean age 74.96 and standard deviation 8.13) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI3). The association of WMH volumes in major fiber tracts projecting from cortical DMN regions and Aβ‐PET SUVr in the connected cortical DMN regions was analyzed using linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, ApoE, and total brain volumes.ResultsThe regression analyses demonstrate that increased WMH volumes in the superior longitudinal fasciculus were associated with increased regional SUVr in the inferior parietal lobule (p = .011).ConclusionThe findings suggest that the relation between Aβ in parietal cortex is associated with SVD in downstream white matter (WM) pathways in preclinical AD. The biological relationships and interplay between Aβ and WM microstructure alterations that precede overt WMH development across the continuum of AD progression warrant further study.
A soft, bioinspired artificial lymphatic system for interactive ascites transfer
Authors: Wang Peng , Fu Ji , Jin Peng , Zeng Jin , Miao Xiaohui , Wang Heling , Ma Yinji , Feng Xue 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLow‐flow removal of refractory ascites is critical to treating cirrhosis and digestive system tumor, and thus, commercial ascites pump emerged lately. The rigid structure of clinically available pumps rises complication rate and lack of flow rate monitoring hinders early warning of abnormalities. Herein, a soft artificial system was proposed inspired by lymph for interactive ascites transfer with great biocompatibility. The implantable system is composed of pump cavity, valves and tubes, which are soft and flexible made by silica gel. Therefore, the system possesses similar modulus to tissues and can naturally fit surrounding tissues. The cavity with magnetic tablet embedded is driven by extracorporeal magnetic field. Subsequently, the system can drain ascites with a top speed of 23 mL min−1, much higher than that of natural lymphatic system and state‐of‐art devices. Moreover, integrated flexible sensors enable wireless, real‐time flow rate monitoring, serving as proof of treatment adjustment, detection and locating of malfunction at early stage. The liver function of experimental objects was improved, and no severe complications occurred for 4 weeks, which proved its safety and benefit to treatment. This artificial lymphatic system can serve as a bridge to recovery and pave the way for further clinical research.
Effects of intrapericardial administration after catheter drainage on malignant pericardial effusion in non‐small cell lung cancer: A real‐world study
Authors: Wei Jingwen , Shi Zheng , Song Zhengbo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalignant pericardial effusion (MPE) is a serious complication of cancer that can be potentially deadly. It usually occurs in advanced or terminal stages of the disease, and as a result, patients with MPE often have a poor prognosis. There is a limited amount of research available that directly compares the effectiveness and safety of intrapericardial drug administration following pericardial drainage versus catheter drainage alone in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who have MPE.MethodsWe retrospectively included 86 patients with NSCLC with MPE at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital. Survival and recurrence estimates were determined with the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsWe divided the 86 patients with NSCLC into two groups: a pericardial drainage group (34 out of 86, 39.5%) and an intrapericardial administration group (52 out of 86, 60.5%). The response rates were 70.6% and 76.9% (p = 0.510), respectively. The median OS was 132.0 and 234.0 days (p = 0.579), respectively. The median time to recurrent drainage was 43.0 and 104.0 days (p = 0.170), respectively. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was 44.1% and 61.5% (p = 0.113), respectively. The most frequent AEs were pain (27.9%) and fever (24.4%). Additionally, two patients in the intrapericardial administration group died of cardiac arrest.ConclusionsCompared with catheter drainage alone, intrapericardial medication infusion during catheter drainage did not have significantly different effects. AEs require close monitoring and management.
Gene expression profiling of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Sahni Sumit , Nahm Christopher , Ahadi Mahsa S. , Sioson Loretta , Byeon Sooin , Chou Angela , Maloney Sarah , Moon Elizabeth , Pavlakis Nick , Gill Anthony J. , Samra Jaswinder , Mittal Anubhav 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has the lowest survival rate of all major cancers. Chemotherapy is the mainstay systemic therapy for PDAC, and chemoresistance is a major clinical problem leading to therapeutic failure. This study aimed to identify key differences in gene expression profile in tumors from chemoresponsive and chemoresistant patients.MethodsArchived formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tumor tissue samples from patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy were obtained during surgical resection. Specimens were macrodissected and gene expression analysis was performed. Multi‐ and univariate statistical analysis was performed to identify differential gene expression profile of tumors from good (0%–30% residual viable tumor [RVT]) and poor (>30% RVT) chemotherapy‐responders.ResultsInitially, unsupervised multivariate modeling was performed by principal component analysis, which demonstrated a distinct gene expression profile between good‐ and poor‐chemotherapy responders. There were 396 genes that were significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated (200 genes) or upregulated (196 genes) in tumors from good responders compared to poor responders. Further supervised multivariate analysis of significant genes by partial least square (PLS) demonstrated a highly distinct gene expression profile between good‐ and poor responders. A gene biomarker of panel (IL18, SPA17, CD58, PTTG1, MTBP, ABL1, SFRP1, CHRDL1, IGF1, and CFD) was selected based on PLS model, and univariate regression analysis of individual genes was performed. The identified biomarker panel demonstrated a very high ability to diagnose good‐responding PDAC patients (AUROC: 0.977, sensitivity: 82.4%; specificity: 87.0%).ConclusionA distinct tumor biological profile between PDAC patients who either respond or not respond to chemotherapy was identified.
Antibacterial, Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Assessment of New Sulfonamide Derivatives
Authors: Imène Becheker , Akram Melakhessou Mohamed , Eddine Marref Salah , Ismahene Grib , Amarouayache Mounia , Berredjem Malika , Berredjem Hajira 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the last few years, the interest in sulfonamides has expanded owing to their broad spectrum of biological activities. Their flexible structure turns them into amazing candidates to replace old drugs or develop modern multi‐target agents. In this study, a series of new sulfonamides (sul1‐5) was evaluated,in vitro, for the antibacterial, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. The antibacterial activity was investigated against 12 clinical and 4 reference strains. Cytotoxic activity was carried out by the brine shrimp bioassay and the genotoxicity was assessed in the Ames test. An interesting antibacterial activity was showed especially against Gram negative strains. The inhibition zones varied between 15 and 30 mm, and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC's) values between 0.5 and 256 μg/ml. No antibacterial activity was shown withS. aureusisolates. OnlySul1andSul4were active againstP. aeruginosa. CompoundsSul1andSul2showed a significant cytotoxicity with LC50equal to 18.29 and 18 μg/ml respectively, and a genotoxic effect against TA100 and TA1535Salmonellastrains. Only compoundsSul3,Sul4andSul5with an interesting antibacterial activity, no cytotoxicity and no genotoxic effects, could be exploited against resistant pathogens as new drugs.