bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of serum metabolite biomarkers in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: protocol for a multicentre prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Guo Yanping , He Wanxiang , Xu Songzhou , Yan XuDong , He Shengnan , Zhou Ping , Chen Cheng , Guo Xin , Chen Jun , Zhang Ruolin , Liu Jiebo , Rao Dan Dan , Yu Zhangbin , Liu Ying 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most common and significant complications of preterm birth. It ultimately leads to a decrease in the quality of life for preterm infants and impacts their long-term health. Early prediction and timely intervention are crucial to halting the development of BPD. This study aims to identify the biomarkers that can predict the early occurrence and development of BPD by screening serum metabolites in preterm infants. This will provide strong support for the early prediction of BPD and targeted interventions in future research.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective, multicentre, open-label, observational cohort study spanning 3 years. It will be conducted in six major neonatal intensive care units in Shenzhen, China, involving preterm infants born at gestational ages <32 weeks. Demographic data and treatment information will be collected prospectively. Serum samples will be collected at five distinct time points: within 24 hours after birth, at 1 week, 2 weeks, 28 days and at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. These samples will undergo analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for untargeted metabolomics studies. Participants will be categorised into BPD and non-BPD groups based on their final diagnosis, and metabolite differences between these groups will be analysed. The study aims to enrol 1500 preterm infants with gestational ages <32 weeks over 3 years. A three-step analysis strategy—discovery, validation and clinical testing—will be used to identify and validate the clinical utility of novel biomarkers. Additionally, a nested case-control study will be conducted, matching participants 1:1 with a control group sharing similar BPD risk factors.Ethics and disseminationOur protocol has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committees of all participating hospitals, including Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Nanshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital and Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital. We will disseminate our study results through academic conferences and peer-reviewed public journals.Trial registration numberChiCTR2400081615.
Cross-sectional survey on public attitudes and factors related to physician-assisted dying in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Duan-Rung , Kuo Chun-Tung , Wu Kevin Chien-Chang 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo examine the public’s stance on physician-assisted dying (PAD) in Taiwan across different PAD scenarios and identify demographic and psychosocial factors associated with the levels of support.DesignCross-sectional survey design. Independent variables included individual sociodemographic characteristics, healthcare professionals, perceived quality of life, formal caregiver experience, Patient Right to Autonomy Act (PRAA) awareness and advance care planning (ACP) preparedness.SettingAn online survey of the general population in Taiwan was conducted in 2022.ParticipantsA total of 3922 Taiwanese adults who completed all survey questions.Outcome measuresAgreement levels with PAD in three scenarios: terminal illnesses, unbearable non-terminal pain and severe cognitive impairments. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine agreement with each PAD scenario as separate dependent variables in the first three models and overall agreement across all scenarios as the dependent variable in the fourth model.ResultsHigh levels of public support for PAD were observed, with 86.2% supporting PAD for terminal illnesses, 79.2% for unbearable non-terminal pain and 72.6% for severe cognitive impairments. Support for PAD was associated with factors including younger age, male gender, lack of religious affiliation, a non-healthcare professional background, employment as a formal caregiver, lack of awareness of PRAA and higher preparedness in ACP.ConclusionsThe results indicate a potential cultural shift in Taiwan towards greater emphasis on individual autonomy in end-of-life decisions. There appears to be significant public support for developing legal frameworks in favour of PAD, carefully considering the psychosocial factors that highlight the importance of individual rights in end-of-life care.
Cross-sectional patient survey of biological medicine users in Finland to investigate the types of guidance needed by patients in order to carry out their treatment successfully
Authors: Pölkki Mari , Prami Tuire 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe use of new biological medicines as standard treatment is expected to increase substantially and cover new therapeutic indications in the near future. Interchange of biological medicines in pharmacies increases the need for patient guidance.ObjectivesThe study aims to gain a patient perspective on biological medicine users’ needs and wishes regarding patient guidance by exploring what kind of information patients wish to receive and to further investigate the potential differences in needs between originator biological medicine users and biosimilar users.DesignA cross-sectional patient survey.SettingAnonymous electronic patient survey was conducted in 88 community pharmacies and via two patient organisations in Finland in 2022.ParticipantsUsers of originators and biosimilars of adalimumab, etanercept, filgrastim and pegfilgrastim.ResultsThe majority of the 199 respondents had received instructions from a nurse or a public health nurse on how to use their self-injected medicine. According to the patients, the main factors affecting treatment persistence, apart from treatment effectiveness, were few adverse effects, access to treatment support and an easy-to-use administration device. At treatment initiation, the optimal types of guidance were face-to-face instruction, hands-on practice with injecting the medicine, using the administration device and information on adverse effects. Even though 79% of respondents indicated that they would not have wanted more instruction on using their self-injected medicine, these respondents also expressed that, at the time of treatment initiation, additional information or help would have been needed concerning adverse effects, biosimilars, and biological medicines in general. In general, biosimilar users were more concerned about adverse effects than users of originator products.ConclusionPatients consider information about adverse effects an important part of patient guidance when starting and maintaining self-administered biological therapy. The results highlight the importance of ensuring that up-to-date evidence-based information is readily available to patients from reliable sources.
Building knowledge to improve access to inclusive and equitable care for trans and gender-diverse survivors of sexual assault and intimate partner violence: a qualitative research protocol
Authors: Toccalino Danielle , Jonsa Sav , Yakubovich Alexa R , Davies Adam , Kosa Sarah Daisy , Kelly C Emma , Macdonald Sheila , Du Mont Janice 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionIntimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual assault are pervasive public health and human rights concerns that disproportionately impact trans and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals. Experiences of cisgenderism and transphobia, compounded by racism and other forms of discrimination and structural violence, can hinder access to appropriate supports in a safe and non-stigmatising environment across a variety of sectors, including but not limited to healthcare, social services, criminal justice, and legal. TGD individuals may also have unique health and social needs requiring support that is not yet in place. Recent research has identified the need to better understand barriers to accessing support for TGD survivors of IPV and sexual assault as a top priority. This study aims to address this need for evidence to facilitate improved access to inclusive and equitable services for TGD survivors.Methods and analysisThis qualitative study will involve semi-structured interviews with approximately 60 adult TGD survivors of IPV and/or sexual assault who wanted to access, attempted to access, or used services. A diverse array of participants from across Canada will be recruited via purposeful and snowball sampling through partner organisations, Peer Leader Advisors and their networks, as well as promotion in physical and virtual spaces (eg, flyers and social media). An interview guide was developed based on Levesque’s access to care model. Virtual interviews will be thematically analysed using Braun and Clarke’s iterative phases of reflexive thematic analysis. An intersectionality lens will be applied throughout the research process.Ethics and disseminationResearch Ethics Board approval was obtained from Women’s College Hospital (WCH REB #: 2023-0033-E). Findings will be shared in peer-reviewed publications, at academic conferences, and through the burgeoning trans-LINK Canada Network WebPortal (https://www.translinknetwork.com/) using a variety of media, including newsletters, infographics, and webinars.
Collaboration between ambulance services and primary care: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Hedqvist Ann-Therese , Ljungholm Linda , Svensson Anders , Holmberg Mats , Fagerström Cecilia , Elmqvist Carina , Forsgärde Elin-Sofie 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Making decisions about the appropriate level of care is a significant challenge for healthcare professionals, especially when older patients present with diffuse symptoms. Collaboration between ambulance services and primary care may promote a comprehensive understanding of patient needs. However, such collaboration remains limited, potentially leading to lower care quality and higher costs. There is a need to understand how collaboration can be effectively implemented. This scoping review aims to explore existing models of collaboration between ambulance services and primary care, identifying their characteristics, outcomes and current research gaps.

Methods and analysis
This scoping review will follow the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley, supplemented with recommendations from the Joanna Briggs Institute Handbook for Scoping Reviews. A comprehensive literature search will be conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus. In addition, Google Scholar, Overton, SwePub and the Swedish national library database Libris will be searched for relevant grey literature. The review will include studies published from January 2014 to the present. Data will be analysed descriptively, with findings categorised by collaboration models and patterns identified through inductive analysis to address the research questions. The review will apply the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews to present the results.

Ethics and dissemination

This review is the first stage of an overarching research study to develop a model for extended collaboration between ambulance services and primary care (the ECAP project). Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and sharing with ambulance services and primary care stakeholders to inform practice and policy. This scoping review protocol has been registered on the Open Science Framework (
https://osf.io/nrkm5/
). No participants will be involved at this stage, and the selected literature is publicly available, so no ethical approval will be required for this scoping review.
Targeting MXD1 sensitises pancreatic cancer to trametinib
Authors: Zhang Shaoping , Deng Shuang , Liu Ji , Liu Shuang , Chen Ziming , Liu Shaoqiu , Xue Chunling , Zeng Lingxing , Zhao Hongzhe , Xu Zilan , Zhao Sihan , Zhou Yifan , Peng Xinyi , Wu Xiaoyu , Bai Ruihong , Wu Shaojia , Li Mei , Zheng Jian , Lin Dongxin , Zhang Jialiang , Huang Xudong 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) to trametinib therapy limits its clinical use. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying trametinib resistance in PDAC remain unclear.ObjectiveWe aimed to illustrate the mechanisms of resistance to trametinib in PDAC and identify trametinib resistance-associated druggable targets, thus improving the treatment efficacy of trametinib-resistant PDAC.DesignWe established patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and primary cell lines to conduct functional experiments. We also applied single-cell RNA sequencing, Assay for Transposase-accessible Chromatin with sequencing and Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation sequencing to explore the relevant molecular mechanism.ResultsWe have identified a cancer cell subpopulation featured by hyperactivated viral mimicry response in trametinib-resistant PDXs. We have demonstrated that trametinib treatment of PDAC PDXs induces expression of transcription factor MAX dimerisation protein 1 (MXD1), which acts as a cofactor of histone methyltransferase mixed lineage leukaemia 1 to increased H3K4 trimethylation in transposable element (TE) loci, enhancing chromatin accessibility and thus the transcription of TEs. Mechanistically, enhanced transcription of TEs produces excessive double-stranded RNAs, leading to the activation of viral mimicry response and downstream oncogenic interferon-stimulated genes. Inhibiting MXD1 expression can recover the drug vulnerability of trametinib-resistant PDAC cells to trametinib.ConclusionsOur study has discovered an important mechanism for trametinib resistance and identified MXD1 as a druggable target in treatment of trametinib-resistant PDAC.
Determinants of medication adherence in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a secondary analysis of a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Kha Richard , Min Haeri , Marschner Simone , Mahendran Shehane , Thiagalingam Aravinda , Poulter Rohan , Redfern Julie , Brieger David , Thompson Peter L , Hillis Graham S , Collins Nicholas , Shetty Pratap , McGrady Michele , Hamilton-Craig Christian , Kangaharan Nadarajah , Atherton John , Maiorana Andrew , Klimis Harry , Juergens Craig , Chow Clara K 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundCoronary heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Approximately half of the patients who have had a prior hospital admission for CHD will have a recurrent coronary event, with the majority of these occurring within 12 months. Despite well-established evidence-based therapies, medication non-adherence is highly prevalent and reasons for medication non-adherence are poorly understood. This study evaluates factors influencing adherence to secondary prevention medications in people with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).MethodsWe performed a secondary analysis of TEXT messages to improve MEDication adherence and Secondary prevention after ACS (TEXTMEDS), a single-blind randomised clinical trial of 1424 patients with ACS from 18 hospitals across Australia. The primary outcome was self-reported medication adherence to each of up to five classes of guideline-recommended cardioprotective medications indicated for secondary prevention after ACS. Patients were followed up at 6-month and 12-month time points and were defined as adherent if at both time points, the proportion of indicated medications taken was >80% (>24/30 days in the preceding 1 month) for all five classes if not otherwise contraindicated. Logistic regression analysis and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regularisation technique were used to assess the effect of sociodemographic and clinical factors on medication adherence.ResultsThe analyses included 1379 participants with complete adherence data (mean age 58.5±10.7 years; 1095 (79.4%) men). The following variables were associated with adherence to cardiovascular medications at both 6 and 12 months: greater number of total medications taken (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.42) and attending a cardiac rehabilitation programme (1.47; 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.86). In contrast, female sex (0.67; 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.90) and physical disability (0.43; 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.77) were associated with lower likelihood of medication adherence.ConclusionsSociodemographic and clinical factors may influence medication adherence. Greater awareness, discussion and monitoring of these factors during patient follow-up may help improve medication adherence.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; URL:https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=364448;registration number: ACTRN12613000793718.
Differentially Private Real Time Pricing Control for Smart grids
Authors: Ghosh Soumyadyuti , Maiti Suman , Mukhopadhyay Debdeep , Dey Soumyajit 
Published: January 2025

Smart meters provide fine-grained power usage profiles of consumers to various utility providers, thus facilitating multiple grid functionalities such as load monitoring, real-time pricing, demand response, etc. However, information leakage from such usage profiles reveals consumers’ private day-to-day life patterns and their home presence/absence, as the state-of-the-art metering strategies lack adequate security and privacy measures. Since Smart grid communication infrastructure supports low bandwidth, it prohibits the usage of computation-intensive cryptographic solutions. Among different privacy-preserving smart meter streaming methods, data manipulation techniques can easily be implemented in smart meters and do not require installing any storage devices or alternative energy sources. For this purpose, Differential Privacy (DP) is widely adopted in the literature due to its solid mathematical foundation. However, the effect of such manipulations on the Real Time Pricing (RTP) control is worth exploring since pricing signals operate in a closed-loop between consumers and utilities. This brings up the privacy-utility trade-off problem between the user's achieved privacy and the performance of the pricing loop of Smart grids, an area where the characterization between privacy and pricing control performance is not yet established. We analytically highlight such privacy-utility trade-off in the closed-loop RTP systems in terms of achieved privacy and the overall generation scheduling errors. We utilize the notion of

\(w\)

-event privacy
and present a real-time pricing aware differential privacy scheme that promises strong user privacy and guarantees pricing signal stabilization irrespective of the privacy level of the DP mechanism. Finally, we show the efficiency and robustness of our scheme by performing extensive experimental validation on MATLAB and, subsequently, on an in-house smart meter test bed.
Association of Mobile Stroke Unit Care and Spending, Utilization, and Death in New York City
Authors: Khullar Dhruv , Navi Babak B. , Mir Saad , Fink Matthew E. , Tinapay Luisa , Asaeda Glenn , Kaushal Rainu , Pareek Eshani , Bond Amelia M. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Transport by mobile stroke units (MSUs), which provide access to computed tomography scanning and intravenous blood pressure medications and thrombolytics, reduces time to treatment and may improve short‐term functional outcomes for patients with acute stroke. The longer‐term clinical and financial impacts remain incompletely understood. The aim of the study was to determine whether MSU care is associated with better health, utilization, and spending outcomes for patients with suspected acute stroke.

Methods and Results

This was a retrospective, observational study of Medicare patients transported by MSUs versus traditional ambulances in New York City, from October 2016 to December 2019. The study included 167 Medicare patients with suspected acute stroke transported by MSU and 2518 propensity score–matched controls. Primary outcomes included length of stay and discharge destination at the index hospitalization, as well as risk of repeat hospitalization, number of emergency department visits, total costs of care, and death at 1 year. Of 167 patients (mean age, 79.9 years; 56.3% women) transported by an MSU for suspected acute stroke, 61.1% had an ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack, 7.8% had an intracerebral hemorrhage, and 31.1% had a stroke mimic or other diagnosis. Compared with propensity score–matched control patients, MSU patients were significantly more likely to receive tissue‐type plasminogen activator (49.9% versus 9.4%; difference, 37.5 percentage points [95% CI, 30.2–45.6];
P
<0.001) but experienced similar lengths of stay (5.9 versus 6.7 days,
P
=0.13) and were similarly likely to be discharged to a skilled nursing facility (15.6% versus 15.1%,
P
=0.86). At 1 year, MSU patients had a mortality rate of 21.6%, and control patients had a mortality rate of 28.4%, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (difference, 6.8 percentage points [95% CI, −13.3 to 0.3];
P
=0.058). They had similar rates of any repeat hospitalization (24% versus 23.2%,
P
=0.82) and emergency department visits without hospitalization (14% versus 12%,
P
=0.86), and there were no significant differences in total spending or specific types of spending.

Conclusions
In this study of patients presenting with suspected acute stroke in New York City, transport by MSUs, compared with traditional ambulances, was associated with a trend toward a lower mortality rate at 1 year. Prospective trials and replication in other regions are warranted.
Prognostic Value of D‐Dimer in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection and Intramural Hematoma: Observations from the Acute Aortic Syndrome Group of the Registry of Acute Non‐Traumatic Chest Pain in China
Authors: Qiu Lingyue , Ji Qingwei , Miao Huangtai , Long Meiying , Gong Ming , Ye Jing , Liu Tianxiao , Zhang Tianlong , Huang Zhaohe , Liu Yan , Yin Na , Wu Xiaoyan , Shi Ying , Zeng Huayuan , Liu Ling , Lin Yingzhong , Lyu Liwen , Chen Wei , Su Hua , Shi Guoping , Gao Hai , Zhang Hongjia 
Published: January 2025

Background
Acute type A aortic dissection (AAD) and acute type A intramural hematoma (AIMH) are life‐threatening conditions with high mortality rates, and prognostic indicators are critical for guiding urgent treatment decisions. We assessed the prognostic significance of admission D‐dimer levels in patients with AAD and AIMH.

Methods and Results
The prospective, multicenter, observational study in China recruited participants from 2013 to 2019. Patients with AAD and AIMH were respectively categorized into quartiles based on admission D‐dimer levels. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the association between D‐dimer levels and mortality. A total of 3132 patients with AAD (mean age: 50.63 years [SD, 12.56]) and 353 patients with AIMH (mean age: 59.63 years [SD, 11.00]) were included. In patients with AAD, overall mortality rates increased across D‐dimer quartiles: 13.7% (Q1, ≤0.72 mg/L), 16.7% (Q2, 0.72–1.91 mg/L), 22.8% (Q3, 1.91–4.21 mg/L), and 28.5% (Q4, 4.21–20.00 mg/L). In patients with AIMH, mortality rates by quartile were 3.4% (Q1, ≤0.51 mg/L), 5.7% (Q2, 0.51–1.25 mg/L), 4.6% (Q3, 1.25–3.44 mg/L), and 10.2% (Q4, 3.44–20.00 mg/L). After adjusting for confounders, D‐dimer was an independent predictor of overall mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.42 [95% CI, 1.11–1.80]) and in‐hospital mortality (HR, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.13–1.92]) in patients with AAD. D‐dimer levels were not significantly associated with the overall (HR, 2.61 [95% CI, 0.70–9.73]) or in‐hospital mortality (HR, 1.78 [95% CI, 0.44–7.24]) of patients with AIMH by multivariable adjustment.

Conclusions
Elevated admission D‐dimer levels are independently associated with higher mortality in patients with AAD but are not significantly associated with prognosis in patients with AIMH. Our findings suggest that D‐dimer may serve as a useful prognostic marker in patients with AAD.

Registration

www.chictr.org.cn
. Unique identifier: ChiCTR230006854.