bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An assessment of self-rated life satisfaction and its correlates with physical, mental and social health status among older adults in India
Authors: Bramhankar Mahadev , Kundu Sampurna , Pandey Mohit , Mishra Nand Lal , Adarsh Adarsh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLife satisfaction refers to the assessment of one’s own life in terms of self-perceived favourable qualities. It is an integral part of healthy and successful course of ageing. It is widely associated with the health status and social well-being. The present study attempted to determine the constructing factors of self-rated life satisfaction, such as socio-demographic, physical, social, and mental well-being of older adults. We analysed information from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI-1), the initial phase conducted during 2017–18 for the population of older adults in India. We applied descriptive statistics for prevalence assessment and association was checked using chi-square test. Further, to determine the adjusted outcome of predictor covariates on the likelihood of an individual being satisfied from life estimated by applying hierarchical multiple logistic regression models. Several noteworthy affirmations on the relationship between the socio-demographic variables and health risk behaviours with life satisfaction were observed. The results were consistent with studies showing change in life satisfaction subject to the state of physical and mental health, presence of chronic diseases, friends and family relations, dependency, and events of trauma or abuse. While comparing respondents, we found varying degrees of life satisfaction by gender, education, marital status, expenditure and other socio-economic features. We also found that besides physical and mental health, social support and well-being play a pivotal role in achieving higher life satisfaction among older adults. Overall, this work contributes to the study of the subjective well-being of older adults in India based on self-reported levels of life satisfaction and further narrows the gap in knowledge about associated behaviour. Hence, with on-going ageing scenario, there is need for multi-sectorial policy-oriented approaches at individual, family, and community level, which helps to take care of older-adults’ physical, social, and mental health for the betterment of healthy ageing.
In-depth analysis of erythrose reductase homologs in Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Szczepańczyk Mateusz , Rzechonek Dorota A. , Neuvéglise Cécile , Mirończuk Aleksandra M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe unconventional yeastYarrowia lipolyticaproduces erythritol as an osmoprotectant to adapt to osmotic stress. In this study, the array of putative erythrose reductases, responsible for the conversion of d-erythrose to erythritol, was analyzed. Single knockout and multiple knockout strains were tested for their ability to produce polyols in osmotic stress conditions. Lack of six of the reductase genes does not affect erythritol significantly, as the production of this polyol is comparable to the control strain. Deletion of eight of the homologous erythrose reductase genes resulted in a 91% decrease in erythritol synthesis, a 53% increase in mannitol synthesis, and an almost 8-fold increase in arabitol synthesis as compared to the control strain. Additionally, the utilization of glycerol was impaired in the media with induced higher osmotic pressure. The results of this research may shed new light on the production of arabitol and mannitol from glycerol byY. lipolyticaand help to develop strategies for further modification in polyol pathways in these microorganisms.
Evaluation of inflammatory status in blood in patients with rosacea
Authors: Karaosmanoglu Nermin , Ozdemir Cetinkaya Pınar , Orenay Ozge Mine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by recurrent episodes of erythema, telangiectasia and papulopustular lesions. Although the pathogenesis is not well established, growing knowledge suggests that multiple etiological factors play a role resulting in inflammation. The aim of the present study is to investigate inflammatory status of patients with rosacea by evaluating CBC parameters and systemic immune inflammation (SII) index and compare these parameters with control group. Thus, it is aimed to understand the role of systemic inflammation in the pathogenesis of the disease. This retrospective, case–control study included 100 patients with rosacea and 58 sex- and age-matched controls. Laboratory examinations including CBC, ESR, CRP, HDL, LDL, and triglyceride levels were recorded and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) and SII index were calculated. Monocyte and platelet count, SII index, ESR and CRP were significantly higher in patients with rosacea than in the control group. No statistically significant difference was found in other parameters. There was no significant correlation between disease severity and ESR, CRP, and SII index. The findings of this study suggest that apart from the inflammatory pathways at the level of skin, there is an inflammatory state in the blood of patients. Rosacea is a skin disease, but it may have systemic implications and/or associations that need to be clarified completely.
A balanced communication-avoiding support vector machine decision tree method for smart intrusion detection systems
Authors: Al-Saleh Abdullah 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Internet of Things field has created many challenges for network architectures. Ensuring cyberspace security is the primary goal of intrusion detection systems (IDSs). Due to the increases in the number and types of attacks, researchers have sought to improve intrusion detection systems by efficiently protecting the data and devices connected in cyberspace. IDS performance is essentially tied to the amount of data, data dimensionality, and security features. This paper proposes a novel IDS model to improve computational complexity by providing accurate detection in less processing time than other related works. The Gini index method is used to compute the impurity of the security features and refine the selection process. A balanced communication-avoiding support vector machine decision tree method is performed to enhance intrusion detection accuracy. The evaluation is conducted using the UNSW-NB 15 dataset, which is a real dataset and is available publicly. The proposed model achieves high attack detection performance, with an accuracy of approximately 98.5%.
Microwave-assisted biodiesel production using –SO3H functionalized heterogeneous catalyst derived from a lignin-rich biomass
Authors: Yadav Nidhi , Yadav Gaurav , Ahmaruzzaman Md. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of biodiesel from renewable resources has immense potential as a sustainable and cost-effective energy alternative. In this work, a reusable –SO3H functionalized heterogeneous catalyst that has a total acid density of 2.06 mmol/g was prepared from walnut (Juglans regia) shell powder by low-temperature hydrothermal carbonization (WNS-SO3H). Walnut shell (WNS) contains more lignin (50.3%), which shows great resistance toward moisture. The prepared catalyst was employed for the effective conversion of oleic acid to methyl oleate by a microwave-assisted esterification reaction. The EDS analysis revealed the significant presence of sulfur (4.76 wt%), oxygen (51.24 wt%), and carbon (44 wt%) content. The results of the XPS analysis confirm the bonding of C–S, C–C, C=C, C–O, and C=O. Meanwhile, the presence of –SO3H (the responsible factor for the esterification of oleic acid) was confirmed by FTIR analysis. Under the optimized conditions (9 wt% catalyst loading, 1:16 oleic acid to methanol molar ratio, 60 min reaction time, and 85 °C temperature), the conversion of oleic acid to biodiesel was found to be 99.01 ± 0.3%. The obtained methyl oleate was characterized by employing 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic spectroscopy. The conversion yield and chemical composition of methyl oleate were confirmed by gas chromatography analysis. In conclusion, it can be a sustainable catalyst because the catalyst preparation controls the agro-waste, a great conversion is achieved due to the high lignin content, and the catalyst was reusable for five effective reaction cycles.
Marked impacts of transient conditions on potential secondary organic aerosol production during rapid oxidation of gasoline exhausts
Authors: Zhang Jinsheng , Peng Jianfei , Song Ainan , Lv Zongyan , Tong Hui , Du Zhuofei , Guo Jiliang , Wu Lin , Wang Ting , Hallquist Mattias , Mao Hongjun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVehicle emission is a major source of atmospheric secondary organic aerosols (SOA). Driving condition is a critical influencing factor for vehicular SOA production, but few studies have revealed the dependence on rapid-changing real-world driving conditions. Here, a fast-response oxidation flow reactor system is developed and deployed to quantify the SOA formation potential under transient driving conditions. Results show that the SOA production factor varies by orders of magnitude, e.g., 20–1500 mg kg-fuel−1 and 12–155 mg kg-fuel−1 for China V and China VI vehicles, respectively. High speed, acceleration, and deceleration are found to considerably promote SOA production due to higher organic gaseous emissions caused by unburned fuel emission or incomplete combustion. In addition, China VI vehicles significantly reduce SOA formation potential, yield, and acceleration and deceleration peaks. Our study provides experimental insight and parameterization into vehicular SOA formation under transient driving conditions, which would benefit high time-resolved SOA simulations in the urban atmosphere.
Southern Himalayas rainfall as a key driver of interannual variation of pre-monsoon aerosols over the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Weichen , Zhao Chun , Xu Mingyue , Feng Jiawang , Du Qiuyan , Gu Jun , Leung L. Ruby , Lau William K. M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau (TP) is one of the most climate-sensitive regions around the world. Aerosols imported from adjacent regions reach their peak during the pre-monsoon season and play a vital role in the TP environment. However, the strong interannual variation in aerosols transported to the TP has not been fully understood. Here, we show that the interannual variability of pre-monsoon aerosols transported to the TP is influenced more by rainfall over the southern Himalayas than near-surface wind. Rainfall modulates fire events and biomass burning emissions and reduces aerosols over the TP by wet scavenging. Contrary to the role of wind in increasing aerosol transport, the positive correlation between wind and aerosols in the TP reported in previous studies is contributed by the negative interannual correlations between wind and rainfall and between rainfall and fire events over the southern Himalayas. This study highlights the co-variability of wind and rainfall and their confounding impacts on aerosols in the southern Himalayas and over the TP. With pre-monsoon rainfall projected to increase in adjacent regions of southern TP, aerosol transport to the TP may be mitigated in the future.
A flexible symbolic regression method for constructing interpretable clinical prediction models
Authors: La Cava William G. , Lee Paul C. , Ajmal Imran , Ding Xiruo , Solanki Priyanka , Cohen Jordana B. , Moore Jason H. , Herman Daniel S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMachine learning (ML) models trained for triggering clinical decision support (CDS) are typically either accurate or interpretable but not both. Scaling CDS to the panoply of clinical use cases while mitigating risks to patients will require many ML models be intuitively interpretable for clinicians. To this end, we adapted a symbolic regression method, coined the feature engineering automation tool (FEAT), to train concise and accurate models from high-dimensional electronic health record (EHR) data. We first present an in-depth application of FEAT to classify hypertension, hypertension with unexplained hypokalemia, and apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH) using EHR data for 1200 subjects receiving longitudinal care in a large healthcare system. FEAT models trained to predict phenotypes adjudicated by chart review had equivalent or higher discriminative performance (p < 0.001) and were at least three times smaller (p < 1 × 10−6) than other potentially interpretable models. For aTRH, FEAT generated a six-feature, highly discriminative (positive predictive value = 0.70, sensitivity = 0.62), and clinically intuitive model. To assess the generalizability of the approach, we tested FEAT on 25 benchmark clinical phenotyping tasks using the MIMIC-III critical care database. Under comparable dimensionality constraints, FEAT’s models exhibited higher area under the receiver-operating curve scores than penalized linear models across tasks (p < 6 × 10−6). In summary, FEAT can train EHR prediction models that are both intuitively interpretable and accurate, which should facilitate safe and effective scaling of ML-triggered CDS to the panoply of potential clinical use cases and healthcare practices.
An allosteric pan-TEAD inhibitor blocks oncogenic YAP/TAZ signaling and overcomes KRAS G12C inhibitor resistance
Authors: Hagenbeek Thijs J. , Zbieg Jason R. , Hafner Marc , Mroue Rana , Lacap Jennifer A. , Sodir Nicole M. , Noland Cameron L. , Afghani Shervin , Kishore Ayush , Bhat Kamakoti P. , Yao Xiaosai , Schmidt Stephen , Clausen Saundra , Steffek Micah , Lee Wendy , Beroza Paul , Martin Scott , Lin Eva , Fong Rina , Di Lello Paola , Kubala Marta H. , Yang Michelle N.-Y. , Lau Jeffrey T. , Chan Emily , Arrazate Alfonso , An Le , Levy Elizabeth , Lorenzo Maria N. , Lee Ho-June , Pham Trang H. , Modrusan Zora , Zang Richard , Chen Yi-Chen , Kabza Michal , Ahmed Musaddeque , Li Jason , Chang Matthew T. , Maddalo Danilo , Evangelista Marie , Ye Xin , Crawford James J. , Dey Anwesha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Hippo pathway is a key growth control pathway that is conserved across species. The downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, YAP (Yes-associated protein) and TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif), are frequently activated in cancers to drive proliferation and survival. Based on the premise that sustained interactions between YAP/TAZ and TEADs (transcriptional enhanced associate domain) are central to their transcriptional activities, we discovered a potent small-molecule inhibitor (SMI), GNE-7883, that allosterically blocks the interactions between YAP/TAZ and all human TEAD paralogs through binding to the TEAD lipid pocket. GNE-7883 effectively reduces chromatin accessibility specifically at TEAD motifs, suppresses cell proliferation in a variety of cell line models and achieves strong antitumor efficacy in vivo. Furthermore, we uncovered that GNE-7883 effectively overcomes both intrinsic and acquired resistance to KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) G12C inhibitors in diverse preclinical models through the inhibition of YAP/TAZ activation. Taken together, this work demonstrates the activities of TEAD SMIs in YAP/TAZ-dependent cancers and highlights their potential broad applications in precision oncology and therapy resistance.
Rock slope failure preparation paced by total crack boundary length
Authors: Lagarde Sophie , Dietze Michael , Hammer Conny , Zeckra Martin , Voigtländer Anne , Illien Luc , Schöpa Anne , Hirschberg Jacob , Burtin Arnaud , Hovius Niels , Turowski Jens M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGravitational mass wasting prediction requires understanding of the factors controlling failure. Prior to slope failure, cracks in the weakened rock are thought to grow and coalesce, eventually forming a continuous failure plane. Here, we apply a hidden Markov machine learning model to seismic data, revealing the temporal evolution of cracks prior to a major rockslide event in the Swiss Alps. After prolonged linear increase of the crack cumulative number, an S-shaped crack rate pattern occurred in the day before the rockslide. A simple mechanistic model can explain this behaviour, showing that total crack boundary length is the key factor controlling failure plane evolution immediately before mass movement. Our findings imply that cracks should be treated as 2-D, rather than 1-D objects, and that slope failure can be driven predominantly by internal rather than external processes. Our model offers a novel, physically based approach for early warning of slope failures.
The effect of various forms of treatment of vasculitis on C3, C4and C5acomplement levels in infants and children attending Assiut University Children Hospital (AUCH)
Authors: Fatthi Dalal Abdullah 
Published: June 2023

Vasculitis is an umbrella term for various and heterogeneous disorders sharing the presence of inflammation of blood vessel walls (Geetha & Jefferson, 2020). Immune cell infiltrates involve the presence of leukocytes in the vessel with immune-complex deposition, which implies the activation of the complement system and then the swelling and destruction of vessel mural structures. The lumen is narrowed or occluded leading to ischemia and necrosis (Chimenti et al., 2015). It produces local symptoms resulting in hypoperfusion, infarction and hemorrhage and systemic symptoms with an increase in acute phase reactants (Salvador, 2020).According to the size of the blood vessel affected and the distribution of vascular injury, pediatric vasculitis is classified into small vessel vasculitis as in Henochonlein Purpura (HSP), medium-sized vessel vasculitis as in Kawasaki disease and large vessel vasculitides affecting the aorta and its proximal branches. Some forms of small vessel vasculitis are characterized by the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs), whereas others are associated with immune complex deposition in affected tissues. Clinical presentation supported by specific laboratory test, imaging, and confirmatory histology are necessary in order to perform vasculitides’ diagnosis (Sivaraman et al., 2020). To assess the severity of vasculitis and response to treatment, urinary biomarkers such as albumin/creatinine ratio (A/C ratio) in urine have been proved to be easily done and correlated well with both clinical and serological results (Zhang, 2020).Aim of Work: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of various forms of drugs, used in treatment of vasculitis, on the serum levels of complements (C3, C4, and C5a) and Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), in infants and children attending Assiut University Children Hospital (AUCH).Conclusion: In conclusion, cases on combined Methotrexate and Steroid therapy scored best regarding the lowering of C5a level in serum, however, in our cases as a whole, the level of C5a didn’t differ significantly from its level in control.Although the 3 arms of therapy used in this study had good effect on C3 & C4 levels, yet their effect on C5a level was not significant from control. This finding could be explained by the fact that most of our studied cases were of the immune-complex deposition diseases type (which have no effect on C5a) and were ANCA negative. Therefore, C5a inhibitor drugs probably will not be suitable in treatment of most common causes of pediatric vasculitis encountered in this series. Perhaps, this type of therapy might be used in ANCA-Positive associated vasculitides, e.g. Wegener’s Granulomatosis.Further research with bigger number of ANCA positive cases is needed to decide whether such cases could benefit from the use of C5a inhibitors or not.
Sexualpädagogik als wissenschaftliche Disziplin
Authors: Sielert Uwe 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungEinleitung Der Begriff Sexualpädagogik wird sowohl im populären Sprachgebrauch als auch in fachlichen Kontexten sehr unterschiedlich gehandhabt. Wissenschaftliche und professionelle Diskurse benötigen jedoch möglichst eindeutige Begriffe. Der Beitrag definiert Sexualpädagogik als wissenschaftliche Disziplin. Zielgruppen sind die wachsende Gruppe der praktisch und konzeptionierend tätigen Fachkräfte sowie forschend und theoretisch Interessierte im weiten Bereich der sexuellen Bildung.Forschungsziele Eingangs wird die Sexualpädagogik als Teildisziplin der Erziehungswissenschaft mit Bezügen zur Sexualwissenschaft begründet. Es folgt eine Konfrontation mit dem wissenschafts- und gesellschaftstheoretischen Diskurs um den Emanzipationsbegriff. Das aktuelle Instrumentarium der kritisch-reflexiven Erziehungswissenschaft wird als „Grammatik der wissenschaftlichen Diskurse“ zunächst auf die wissenschaftliche Methodologie und im Anschluss auf Handlungstheorien der Sexualerziehung und Sexuellen Bildung bezogen. Ein Ausblick fokussiert Zukunftsperspektiven und den internationalen Diskursraum.Methoden Der Beitrag wählt ein kritisch-hermeneutisches Vorgehen und stützt sich auf Primär- und Sekundärliteratur aus den Bereichen Wissenschafts- und Gesellschaftstheorie, der Erziehungs- und Sexualwissenschaft sowie der pädagogischen Teildisziplinen Sozial- und Sexualpädagogik.Ergebnisse Der Gegenstandsbereich der Sexualpädagogik umfasst das sexuelle Lernen, die Erziehbarkeit und Erziehungsbedürftigkeit wie auch sexuelle Bildsamkeit und Bildungsbedürftigkeit des Menschen einschließlich der damit korrespondierenden Professionsfelder von Unterricht, Erziehung und Bildung. Damit liegt es nahe, die Erziehungswissenschaft als Bezugsdisziplin mit der Sexualwissenschaft als wichtigster Nachbardisziplin zu verstehen. Emanzipation als Konzept und Erkenntnisinteresse gilt auch heute noch zur normativen Orientierung für alle wissenschaftlichen Bemühungen, die an Mündigkeit und Selbstbestimmung des Menschen interessiert sind, also auch für die Sexualpädagogik. Die methodologischen und ideologiekritischen Kriterien der kritisch-reflexiven Erziehungswissenschaft garantieren der Disziplin zudem ihre wissenschaftliche Autonomie.Schlussfolgerung Sexualpädagogik benötigt als wissenschaftliche Metatheorie die Erziehungswissenschaft und die Nachbardisziplin Sexualwissenschaft mit emanzipatorischem Erkenntnisinteresse und kritisch-reflexiver Methodologie. Eine ausgearbeitete Theorie wie auch internationale Verortung stehen allerdings noch aus.
Social innovation and higher education: evolution and future promise
Authors: Wu Yenchun Jim , Goh Mark , Mai Yingping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractScholarly attention to social innovation has increased rapidly in recent years, but a broad picture to illustrate the structure of the field, tracing its evolution and identifying new research areas has been lacking. Thus, we conduct a three-step method to explore the trajectory of academic research on social innovation and identify potential research opportunities. In the first step, the bibliometric mapping software VOSviewer is used to visualize the network of authors and keyword co-occurrences. Next, SciMAT is applied to illustrate the evolution and importance of the themes. Then, content analysis is used to identify how specific research topics in social innovation in higher education have evolved. The author-keyword occurrence analysis and evolution map results reveal that innovation and design thinking were the most prominent keywords, and the citation analysis indicates that the works of Swyngedouw, Moulaert, and Westley as the leading research works in this field. The most influential countries during the study period from 1996 to July 2021 were the UK, the US, and Italy. Furthermore, the research collaboration network is more active among developed countries than among developing countries. Three research streams in social innovation in higher education have been identified: curriculum transformation, community-university partnership, and helix partnerships. This study supports understanding how higher education is shaped through social innovation. The results from this study can serve as a research reference on the state of the art and point to new research opportunities, notably on the need to engage developing countries in collaborating on social innovation in higher education through design, engagement, and partnership.