bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Efficient Blue Emission and Bandgap Engineering from Jahn–Teller Distorted Halide Double Perovskites
Authors: Liu Yan , Dai Xing , Zeng Xuelian , Yuan Xianrong , Wang Yanan , Song Yuhang , Chen Haoyu , Zhang Chao , Wang Yong , Wan Li , Zou Yatao , Ning Weihua , Sun Baoquan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDecreasing the power consumption of light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) and increasing the energy generation of solar cells are crucial tasks toward the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and Paris Agreement goals. Lead (Pb)‐free halide double perovskites, identified as environmentally friendly alternatives to Pb‐based perovskites, are not deemed useful thus far due to the absence of high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) examples and large bandgaps. Herein, penta‐cationic antimony (Sb5+)‐doping strategy is demonstrated for the benchmark material of Cs2NaInCl6, achieving blue emission with near‐unity PLQY and the lowest bandgap of 1.24 eV. The excellent PLQY observed in the material is attributed to Sb5+ doping‐induced Jahn–Teller distortion in Cs2NaInCl6 and a newly emerged band structure, which has remained undisclosed in all previous reports. This groundbreaking discovery represents the first instance in the field of perovskite materials where the incorporation of a single dopant has resulted in a zero‐to‐one enhancement in their emission profile. This breakthrough is expected to have profound implications for advancing research in the utilization of similar dopants, such as manganese cations (Mn6+ and Mn7+), not only in halide perovskite structures but also in oxide‐based perovskites and other semiconductor systems.
Alkylidene Meldrum′s Acid as Acceptor‐Donor‐Acceptor with Azomethine Ylide for Organocatalytic Asymmetric (3+2) Cycloaddition/Annulation: Synthesis of Chromeno[4,3‐b]pyrrolidine
Authors: Liou Yan‐Cheng , Chen Yi‐Ru , Hsu Ching‐Wen , Huang Xuan‐Rui , Wang Heng‐Wei , Lin Wenwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA quinine‐derived thiourea‐catalyzed enantioselective double annulation strategy using alkylidene Meldrum′s acid as an acceptor‐donor‐acceptor with salicylaldehyde‐derived azomethine ylide is reported. The methodology is realized via a (3+2) cycloaddition/transesterification/decarboxylation sequence, giving chromeno[4,3‐b]pyrrolidines within 15–420 minutes at room temperature in 51–97% yields with 92–99% ee under 1–10 mol% catalyst loading. A plausible activation model is proposed for the excellent stereoinduction by H‐bond interaction between the catalyst and the Meldrum′s acid motif according to control experiments.
Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Fundamentals, Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Li Chuanchuan , Xu Hongyue , Ni Ling , Qin Bingsheng , Ma Yinglei , Jiang Hongzhu , Xu Gaojie , Zhao Jingwen , Cui Guanglei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), driven by sustainability and cost advantage, have been recognized as one of the most promising electrochemical energy storage devices. Electrolytes, as the most unique component that not only ionically connect while insulating electronically electrodes but also determine the eventual improvements in performance mainly regarding cycle life, Coulombic efficiency, energy density, and safety, hold the key to the practical implementation of SIBs. In this review, the fundamental design principles of Na+‐ion electrolytes and the chemical properties of the Na+ cation over the Li+ cation in terms of ion transport, salt dissolution, and solvation structure are first discussed. Then, a sequence of crucial experimental discoveries and strategical achievements in the field of electrolytes for SIBs are presented, with focuses on the ether‐based electrolytes for co‐intercalation into graphite, diluted and highly concentrated electrolytes, wide temperature range electrolytes, nonflammable electrolytes, indispensable electrolyte components (functional additives and new sodium salts). Finally, a detailed analysis of research trends of practically feasible Na+‐ion electrolytes is presented to aid in the ongoing quest for better SIBs of the future.
Kontrolle der Reduzierbarkeit von Metalloxiden zur effizienten Aktivierung von C−H‐Bindungen in Kohlenwasserstoffen
Authors: Yang Guo‐Qing , Niu Yiming , Kondratenko Vita A. , Yi Xianfeng , Liu Chang , Zhang Bingsen , Kondratenko Evgenii V. , Liu Zhong‐Wen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDie Kenntnis der Struktur katalytisch aktiver Spezies/Phasen und die Bereitstellung von Methoden zu ihrer gezielten Herstellung sind zwei Voraussetzungen für die Entwicklung von Katalysatoren mit der gewünschten Performance. Hierin stellen wir eine einfache Methode zur präzisen Herstellung von Träger‐/Vollkatalysatoren vor. Diese Methode nutzt die Eigenschaft von Metalloxiden, bei Behandlung in wässrigen Ammoniaklösungen lösbar zu sein und gleichzeitig ausgefällt werden zu können. Bei Anwendung dieser Methode auf einen herkömmlichen VOx−Al2O3‐Katalysator wurde die Konzentration koordinativ ungesättigter Al‐Zentren einfach durch Änderung des pH‐Werts der Lösung eingestellt. Diese Stellen beeinflussen die Stärke der V−O−Al‐Bindungen isolierter VOx‐Spezies und damit deren Reduzierbarkeit. Diese Methode ist auch zur Steuerung der Reduzierbarkeit von Vollkatalysatoren anwendbar, wie am Beispiel eines CeO2−ZrO2−Al2O3‐Systems gezeigt wurde. Die Einsetzbarkeit der entwickelten Katalysatoren wurde in der oxidativen Dehydrierung von Ethylbenzol zu Styrol mit CO2und in der nichtoxidativen Propandehydrierung zu Propen bestätigt. Unser Ansatz lässt sich auf die Herstellung beliebiger Metalloxidkatalysatoren, die in einer Ammoniaklösung löslich sind, ausweiten.
Stereoselective Photoredox Catalyzed (3+3) Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrone with Aryl Cyclopropane
Authors: Xu Yao , Gao Hai‐Xiang , Pan Chengkai , Shi Yue , Zhang Chi , Huang Genping , Feng Chao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBy resorting to the principle of remote activation, we herein demonstrate the first photoredox catalyzed (3+3) dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones with aryl cyclopropanes. Key to the fidelity of the reaction resides in a facile manner of substrate activation by single‐electron transfer (SET) oxidation with photoredox catalysis, and the reaction takes place through a stepwise cascade encompassing a three‐electron‐type nucleophilic substitution triggered cyclopropane ring‐opening and a diastereoselective 6‐endo‐trig radical cyclization manifold. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with excellent regio‐ and stereoselectivity, nicely complementing the well‐developed Lewis acid catalyzed cycloaddition of donor‐acceptor cyclopropanes. Other merits of the protocol include wide scope of aryl cyclopropanes with diversified substitution patterns and good functional‐group compatibility. A mechanism involving an aryl radical cation promoted remote activation mode was also proposed and supported by mechanistic experiments.
Modular and Practical 1,2‐Aryl(Alkenyl) Heteroatom Functionalization of Alkenes through Iron/Photoredox Dual Catalysis**
Authors: Zhang Weigang , Liu Tao , Ang Hwee Ting , Luo Penghao , Lei Zhexuan , Luo Xiaohua , Koh Ming Joo , Wu Jie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEfficient methods for synthesizing 1,2‐aryl(alkenyl) heteroatomic cores, encompassing heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and halogens, are of significant importance in medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical research. In this study, we present a mild, versatile and practical photoredox/iron dual catalytic system that enables access to highly privileged 1,2‐aryl(alkenyl) heteroatomic pharmacophores with exceptional efficiency and site selectivity. Our approach exhibits an extensive scope, allowing for the direct utilization of a wide range of commodity or commercially available (hetero)arenes as well as activated and unactivated alkenes with diverse functional groups, drug scaffolds, and natural product motifs as substrates. By merging iron catalysis with the photoredox cycle, a vast array of alkene 1,2‐aryl(alkenyl) functionalization products that incorporate a neighboring azido, amino, halo, thiocyano and nitrooxy group were secured. The scalability and ability to rapid synthesize numerous bioactive small molecules from readily available starting materials highlight the utility of this protocol.
Evading the Illusions: Identification of False Peaks in Micro‐Raman Spectroscopy and Guidelines for Scientific Best Practice
Authors: Thyr Jakob , Edvinsson Tomas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMicro‐Raman spectroscopy is an important analytical tool in a large variety of science disciplines. The technique is suitable for both identification of chemical bonds and studying more detailed phenomena like molecular interactions, material strain, crystallinity, defects, and bond formations. Raman scattering has one major weakness however: it is a very low probability process. The weak signals require very sensitive detection systems, which leads to a high probability of picking up signals from origins other than the sample. This complicates the analysis of the results and increases the risk of misinterpreting data. This work provides an overview of the sources of spurious signals occurring in Raman spectra, including photoluminescence, cosmic rays, stray light, artefacts caused by spectrometer components, and signals from other compounds in or surrounding the sample. The origins of these false Raman peaks are explained and means to identify and counteract them are provided.
Alleviating the loss: A conical fish screen installation reduces native fish entrainment at a gravity‐fed water diversion
Authors: Bretzel Joachim B. , Boys Craig A. , Watts Robyn J. , Doyle Katherine E. , Baumgartner Lee J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Each year, millions of fish are extracted from Australian waterways by the pumping and diversion of water into irrigation systems. Fish protection screens can help reduce these losses but are largely untested in Australian rivers.
In this study, a large, gravity‐fed irrigation offtake on Gunbower Creek, Victoria, Australia, was investigated for fish and debris entrainment. Experiments were performed under screened and unscreened conditions across various river flows.
Mark–release–recapture experiments were undertaken with fingerlings of two recreationally significant fish species, Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii) and golden perch (Macquaria ambigua), together with wild fish community assessments, to determine how effective the screen was at reducing fish entrainment into the irrigation channel.
The mean percentage of recaptured fingerlings was significantly lower when the irrigation channel offtake was screened compared with unscreened. Entrainment of released fish into the irrigation channel was reduced by >98%.
Similarly, wild fish entrainment was significantly lower when the irrigation channel was screened. When screened, fewer wild species dominated the sampled fish community, and entrained fish were generally <40 mm in length.
Debris loads decreased significantly in the irrigation channel owing to the screen, indicating the economic benefits of fish screens.
Implementing screens could aid in native fish conservation efforts in riverine environments.
The clinical anatomy fellowship: A participants' perspective
Authors: Thiel Grace E. , Murtha Celeste M. , Dennis Jennifer F. , Hopper Mari 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKansas City University offers a Clinical Anatomy Fellowship which enrolls nine medical students during each academic year and provides training in research, teaching, and advanced anatomical topics. The Fellows practice as novice educators, working alongside Anatomy faculty to teach medical students in the Gross Anatomy laboratory. However, little has been reported related to Fellowship participation and success outcomes. This survey‐based study was designed to explore (1) student motivation(s) for pursuing the Fellowship, (2) benefits of participation, and (3) the perceived impact on residency applications and career success. Three unique populations were surveyed. The most important factors driving application to the Fellowship were a desire to increase competitiveness in the residency application process (Likert mean score 4.7–5.0) and a passion for Anatomy (Likert mean score 4.3–4.7). Taking a year away from the College of Osteopathic Medicine curriculum (Likert mean score 4.4) and delaying clinical exposure (Likert mean score 4.2) were the most important deterrents to application. The most reported benefits after program completion included opportunities to build a strong residency application (44% and 50% of Fellows), conduct research (44% and 45% of Fellows), and participate in teaching (11% and 50% of Fellows). 73% of past Fellows matched into their top specialty of choice. Flexibility in the program allows participants to individualize their Fellowship experience to address their personal goals related to residency applications and careers as future physicians. As the results suggest, the Clinical Anatomy Fellowship benefits Fellows, signaling other medical institutions to consider adopting a similar program.
Optimization of herbaceous feedstock delivery to a network of supply depots for a biorefinery in the Piedmont, USA
Authors: Resop Jonathan P. , Cundiff John S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe southeastern USA has the potential to be a significant producer of bio‐based products; however, research is still needed to demonstrate the most cost‐effective feedstock delivery system for this region. A logistic system that has shown promise is one utilizing a network of supply depots. This study calculated the cost to produce a stream of size‐reduced herbaceous biomass (i.e., switchgrass) for five theoretical depots in the Piedmont province. Three depots were located in south central Virginia and two in north central North Carolina. A logistics system with a 20‐bale handling unit was used for load‐out operations at 199 theoretical satellite storage locations (SSLs) within a 48 km radius of each depot location. The distribution of potential production fields and the transportation distance from SSLs to the depots were determined with spatial and network analyses. Based on an analysis of potential land cover available for feedstock production, the annual capacity per depot ranged from 80 839 to 170 830 Mg, resulting in a total annual capacity of 555 195 Mg for all five depots. Cost to deliver feedstock for 24/7 operation, 48 weeks per year ranged from 46.03 to 62.86 USD Mg−1 annual capacity. At the low end, these costs were: SSL operation (22%), truck (29%), receiving facility (26%), and debaling‐size‐reduction (23%). The principle economy‐of‐scale factors were the receiving facility and debaling‐size‐reduction costs. To minimize per‐Mg cost, depot capacity should be chosen such that equipment can be operated as close to 80% of design capacity as possible.
Facile prepared microfluidic chip for multiplexed digital RT‐qPCR test
Authors: Hu Wenqi , Zhu Yidan , Tang Qu , Ji Xiaolei , Wang Lei , Ou Weijun , Li Guo , Wu Li , Cong Hui , Qin Yuling 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe chip‐based digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an indispensable technique for amplifying and quantifying nucleic acids, which has been widely employed in molecular diagnostics at both fundamental and clinical levels. However, the previous designs have yet to achieve widespread application due to limitations in complex chip fabrication, pretreatment procedures, special surface properties, and low throughput. This study presents a facile digital microfluidic chip driven by centrifugal force for digital PCR analysis. Interestingly, regardless of the hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of the inner chip surface, an efficient digitization process can be achieved. PCR reagents introduced into the inlet can be allocated to 9600 microchambers and subsequently isolated by the immiscible phase (silicone oil). The centrifugal priming approach offers a facile means to achieve high‐throughput analysis. The design was further employed for the quantification of nucleic acids using digital PCR. The calculated result exhibited a strong correlation with the measured value at the concentrations from 1 copy/μL to 1000 copies/μL (R2 = 0.99). Additionally, the chip also allowed digital multiplexed analysis, thereby indicating its potential for multi‐target detection applications.
Production and characterization of a chimeric protein targeting synuclein epitopes for immunotherapy against synucleinopathies
Authors: Carreño‐Campos Christian , Govea‐Alonso Dania O. , Villarreal Maria Luisa , Caltempa Anabel O. , Gonzalez‐Ortega Omar , Rosales‐Mendoza Sergio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aggregation and spread of alpha‐synuclein (αSyn) is associated with several pathogenic pathways that lead to neurodegeneration and, ultimately, to synucleinopathies development. Hence, the establishment of a safe and effective disease‐modifying therapy that limits or prevents the spread of toxic αSyn aggregation could lead to positive clinical outcomes. A rational vaccine design can be focused on the selection of specific epitopes able to induce the immune response desired, for example, antibodies able to mediate the clearance of αSyn aggregates without the induction of inflammatory responses. To develop a rapid system for the evaluation of a vaccine candidate against synucleinopathies, rLTB‐Syn (an antigen based on three B cell epitopes from αSyn and the B subunit of the heat‐labile Escherichia coli enterotoxin [LTB] as adjuvant/carrier) was produced using recombinant E. coli (Rosetta DE3) as the expression host. The bacterial version of rLTB‐Syn was produced as soluble protein at yields up to 1.72 mg/g biomass. A method for the purification of rLTB‐Syn (~18 kDa) was developed based on ion exchange chromatography, reaching purity >93% with a final concentration of 82.6 μg/mL. Furthermore, the purified soluble rLTB‐Syn retained GM1 binding activity, suggesting proper folding and pentameric structure. The results from this study establish a fast and effective method to obtain rLTB‐Syn, making it useful in the design of novel vaccine formulations targeting synucleinopathies.
Preparation of Trimetallic‐Organic Framework Film Electrodes via Secondary Growth for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Li Shulin , Wang Zixiong , Wang Tienan , Yang Yuting , Xiao Yang , Tian Yuyang , Zhu He , Jing Xiaofei , Zhu Guangshan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising electrocatalysts for clean energy conversion systems. However, developing MOF‐based electrodes with high performance toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is still challenging. In this work, a series of MOF film electrodes derived from Ni‐btz were prepared by employing the secondary growth strategy under solvothermal conditions. Fe and Co ions were also incorporated into the Ni‐btz framework to produce a trimetallic coupling effect to obtain enhanced OER activity. The as‐prepared FeCoNi‐btz/NF exhibited not only good stability but also excellent OER performance under alkaline conditions. Furthermore, the possible intermediates including metal oxides and metal oxyhydroxides were confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Cycloaddition–Retro‐Electrocyclization Click Reaction of Amine End‐Capped Oligoynes with Tetracyanoethylene
Authors: Pigulski Bartłomiej , Misiak Klaudia , Męcik Patrycja , Szafert Sławomir 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study shows the first example of cycloaddition–retro‐electrocyclization (CA‐RE) click reaction involving nitrogen end‐capped push‐pull oligoynes. The reported CA‐RE reaction with TCNE (tetracyanoethylene) is fully regioselective and leads exclusively to the unprecedented TCBD (tetracyanobuta‐1,3‐diene‐2,3‐diyl) end‐capped carbon rods. The molecular structure of the products was unambiguously confirmed using X‐ray single crystal diffraction and their optical and electronic properties were investigated experimentally and rationalized using DFT (density functional theory) calculations.
An investigation of drum granulation of post‐pyrolysis washed biochar
Authors: Fazzalari Anthony , Briens Cedric , Tribe Lauren 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBiochar, unwashed and washed with a solution of Triton and hydrogen peroxide, was wet drum granulated using molasses binder solutions. Unwashed biochar was very hydrophobic and granulation proceeded through forming liquid marbles and layering. Washing reduced the hydrophobicity of the biochar. The effectiveness of the wash depended on the biochar source; it significantly reduced the hydrophobicity of biochar from woodchips and moderately reduced the hydrophobicity of biochar from flower digestate. Therefore, washed biochar from woodchips was granulated using a hydrophilic mechanism, while washed biochar from digestate was granulated according to a combination mechanism of liquid marbles collapsing and then coalescing. The change in granulation mechanism produced stronger and denser granules with higher yields of granules in the 1–4 mm optimal size range. Washing and then granulating biochar created a product that could be further tailored for optimal soil amendment.
Dcalycinumines A—E, Alkaloids with Cytotoxic Activities of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells from Daphniphyllum calycinum
Authors: Tang Qing , Dai Xiao‐Yong , Lin Qiang , Ling Zhi‐Peng , Hao Yi‐Kun , Zhu Tian‐Xi , Zhang Ji‐Hui , Hou Yi‐Bo , Li Yao‐Lan , Huang Lai‐Qiang , Wang Jing‐Hao , Wang Guo‐Cai , Zhang Yu‐Bo 
Published: September 2023

Comprehensive SummaryFive novel Daphniphyllum alkaloids, named dcalycinumines A—E (1—4, 6), and eight previously described Daphniphyllum alkaloids (5, 7—13) were isolated from Daphniphyllum calycinum. Compound 1 is the first Daphniphyllum alkaloid possessing a highly rearranged 6/6/6/7/5/6 hexacyclic architecture with a unique 3‐methyl‐1‐azabicyclo [4,4,0] decane ring system. Compound 2 represents a rare diamino Daphniphyllum alkaloid with an unprecedented 6/5/5/6/6/5 carbon skeleton featuring a unique 1‐aza‐6‐azaspiro [4,5] decane unit, whereas 3 also represents a rare diamino Daphniphyllum alkaloid as a possible precursor of 2. Compound 4 is the second example of C‐22‐nor yuzurimine‐type alkaloids. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopic analyses, ECD calculations, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Moreover, compound 1 showed remarkable antitumor activities, which could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, and promoted nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells apoptosis.
Is Gulf War Illness a prolonged early phase tauopathy?
Authors: Baas Peter W. , Sullivan Kimberly A. , Terry Alvin V. , Case Kendra , Yates Philip L. , Sun Xiaohuan , Raghupathi Ramesh , Huber Bertrand R. , Qiang Liang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe work of the Gulf War Illness (GWI) Consortium and that of basic and clinical researchers across the USA have resulted in a better understanding in recent years of the pathological basis of GWI, as well as of the mechanisms underlying the disorder. Among the most concerning symptoms suffered by veterans with GWI are cognitive decrements including those related to memory functioning. These decrements are not severe enough to meet dementia criteria, but there is significant concern that the mild cognitive impairment of these veterans will progress to dementia as they become older. Recent studies on GWI using human brain organoids as well as a rat model suggest that one potential cause of the cognitive problems may be elevated levels of tau in the brain, and this is supported by high levels of tau autoantibodies in the blood of veterans with GWI. There is urgency in finding treatments and preventive strategies for these veterans before they progress to dementia, with added value in doing so because their current status may represent an early phase of tauopathy common to many neurodegenerative diseases.