bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Causing Delayed Presentations of Breast Cancer among Female patients in Sulaimaniyah Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Abdulkareem Alaa Abdulrazzaq , Ghalib Hawar Ali , Rashaan Mezjda Ismail 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Since breast cancer (BC) has the best chance of being effectively treated when it is tiny and has not spread, encouraging early disease detection remains a fundamental goal in improving prognosis.
Objective: To better understand what factors contribute to a late presentation of BC, how this affects disease progression, and to assess awareness of BC warning signs.
Patients and methods: Data was collected at the Breast Diseases Treatment Clinic, Shar Teaching Hospital, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq Sulaimani, from January 2017 to December 2021 on 429 patients. A questionnaire was distributed to women about their demographics, health, and general awareness of the disease. The patient delay was calculated by collecting information on when they initially began experiencing symptoms and when they saw a doctor. We also gleaned information about the tumour's clinicopathological features from the patient's medical records.
Results: The participants' age ranged from 24 to 85 years, with a mean of 49.6±11. Most women were middle-aged (53.8%), from urban areas (80.2%), illiterate (41.7%), married (86.5%), housewives (79.0%), given birth to>4 children (34%), practised breastfeeding (78.8%), and no smokers (91.4%). Regarding patients' health behaviours associated with delay in breast cancer presentation, there were highly significant correlations between early and late screenings (P<0.001). Concerning the patient’s awareness of breast cancer symptoms, there were highly significant correlations between early and late screenings (P<0.001). In addition, the late presentation was strongly correlated with bilateral BC, lymph node involvement, inflammatory breast carcinoma, grade III of BC, and T4 status.
Conclusions: Our findings shed light on possible causes of late presentation and identified those at risk of delayed consultation. Our communities need to be educated about BC, and encouraging them for early detection, decreases the incidence of advanced BC.
Integration of AIEgens into Covalent Organic Frameworks for Pyroptosis and Ferroptosis Primed Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Liang , song An , Yang Qi-Chao , Li Shu-Jin , Wang Shuo , Wan Shu-Cheng , Sun Jianwei , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Lam Jacky , Deng Hexiang , Tang Ben Zhong , Sun Zhijun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We report the construction of covalent organic framework (COF-919) from planar and twisted AIEgens-based motifs as a pyroptosis and ferroptosis dual-inducer that can elicit strong inflammatory response for efficient antitumor immunity. Mechanistic studies revealed that, in contrast to traditional COFs constructed with solely planar or twisted motifs, COF-919 displays stronger near-infrared light absorption, lower band energy and longer lifetime to favor the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and photothermal conversion for trigger pyroptosis. Because of its outstanding ROS production capability, intracellular lipid peroxidation was also upregulated to lead to glutathione depletion, glutathione peroxidase 4 low expression, and the induction of ferroptosis. Moreover, COF-919 induced pyroptosis and ferroptosis can effectively reshape the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) via promote T cells infiltration and relieve immunosuppressed TME to boost a T-cell-mediated immune response, which is favorable for inhibiting tumor metastasis and recurrence, with > 99% tumor growth inhibition and > 80% cure rates.
Microvascular bleeding control by POC Guided transfusion in high risk cardiac surgery: What about the empiric approach in bleeding with normal labs in POC
Authors: Kling-Gómez Juan Carlos , Soriano Laura Gutiérrez – , Herrera Laura Ramírez – , Orduz Andrea Jiménez – , Maya-Trujillo Nicolás , Becerra-Zapata Eduardo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effects of POC guided and empiric transfusions in patients with microvascular bleeding (MVB) in high risk cardiac surgeries.
Design: This was a prospective, observational study
Setting: The study was performed at a single cardiovascular university hospital.
Participants: Thirty-three patients under point of care (POC) guided transfusion were compared with twenty-seven patients undergoing empirical transfusion.
Interventions: No interventions were performed
Measurements and Main Results: Coagulation products used and its dosing, as well as need of transfusion in ICU, re-exploration and use of factor VII were compared between two groups (POC and Empiric approaches). There were 36 patients managed by POC and 27 empirically. Between POC patients 25% (n=9) had normal lab values and even though they needed transfusions. No differences were found in platelets usage, being the first product used 87% ( 83% POC v. 93% Empiric) nor cryoprecipitates 65% (72% POC v. 56% Empiric). Fresh frozen plasma was used almost twice in the empirical group 74%( 89% POC v. 56% Empiric p:0.0045). In a few cases just one coagulation product was used 25% (19% POC v. 33% Empiric), while in the majority of cases more than one was necessary 75% (81% POC v. 67% Empiric). No differences in doses used were found (mean: platelets 6-10 ml/kg, FFP >10 ml/kg, cryoprecipitates <5 ml/kg). Patients in POC group had significantly more re-exploration (53% POC v. 26% Empiric p:0.0182), abnormal labs at ICU admission (47% POC v. 26% Empiric), and needed more transfusions at ICU (64% POC v. 33% Empiric p:0.0096). Factor VII was required in 8 (12,7%) patients and all of them belong to POC group and all of them needed to be re-explored. 13% of patients required Factor VII use and all were from POC group (p:0.0039)
Conclusions: This study shows there is no difference between quantity of products used in both groups, but POC focuses more on each deficiency with an specific coagulation product unlike empirical approach. For that reason POC is more restrictive, requiring more re-explorations, more use of factor VII, more transfusions and finding more lab abnormalities in the ICU.
Experimental characterization of the thermo-optic coefficient vs. temperature for 4H-SiC and GaN semiconductors at the wavelength of 632 nm
Authors: Rao Sandro , Mallemace Elisa D. , Faggio Giuliana , Iodice Mario , Messina Giacomo , Corte Francesco G. Della 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The design of semiconductor-based photonic devices requires precise knowledge of the refractive index of the optical materials, a not constant parameter over the operating temperature range. However, the variation of the refractive index with the temperature, the thermo-optic coefficient, is itself temperature-dependent. A precise characterization of the thermo-optic coefficient in a wide temperature range is therefore essential for the design of nonlinear optical devices, active and passive integrated photonic devices and, more in general, for the semiconductor technology explored at different wavelengths, from the visible domain to the infrared or ultraviolet spectrum. In this paper, after an accurate ellipsometric and micro-Raman spectroscopy characterization, the temperature dependence of the thermo-optic coefficient (\(\partial n/\partial T\)) for 4H-SiC and GaN in a wide range of temperature between room temperature to T = 500K in the visible range spectrum, at a wavelength of λ = 632.8 nm, is experimentally evaluated. For this purpose, using the samples as a Fabry-Perot cavity, an interferometric technique is employed. The experimental results, for both semiconductors, show a linear dependence with a high determination coefficient, R2 of 0.9934 and 0.9802, for 4H-SiC and GaN, respectively, in the considered temperature range.
Increased neurovirulence of omicron BA.5 over BA.1 in human brain organoids and K18-hACE2 mice
Authors: Stewart Romal , Ellis Sevannah , Yan Kexin , Dumenil Troy , Bishop Cameron , Tang Bing , Nguyen Wilson , Larcher Thibaut , Sullivan Robert , Lor Mary , Meunier Frederic , Rawle Daniel , Suhrbier Andreas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The reduced pathogenicity of the omicron BA.1 sub-lineage compared to earlier variants is well described, although whether such attenuation is retained for later variants like BA.5 remains controversial. We show that a BA.5 isolate was significantly more pathogenic in K18-hACE2 mice than a BA.1 isolate, with BA.5 infections showing increased neuroinvasiveness, resulting in brain infection and mortality, similar to that seen for original ancestral isolates. BA.5 also infected human cortical brain organoids to a greater extent than the BA.1 and original ancestral isolates. In the brains of mice neurons were the main target of infection, and in human organoids neuronal progenitor cells and immature neurons were infected. Evidence for brain infection and brain damage in certain COVID-19 patients is becoming compelling, with the results herein illustrating the increasing intrinsic neuropathogenic potential of evolving omicron variants.
Preoperative predictors for recurrence sites associated with poor post-recurrence survival after surgery of non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter study
Authors: Isaka Tetsuya , Adachi Hiroyuki , Murakami Kotaro , Miura Jun , Kikunishi Noritake , Shigeta Naoko , Kudo Yujin , Miyata Yoshihiro , Okada Morihito , Ikeda Norihiko , Ito Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The recurrence site that influences post-recurrence survival (PRS) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing surgery and the preoperative predictors of recurrence remain unclear.
Methods
Cohorts 1 and 2 had 4520 (who underwent complete resection for p-stage 0-IIIA NSCLC) and 727 (who experienced recurrence after surgery) patients, respectively. The initial sites of recurrence were the lungs (309 cases), thoracic lymph nodes (225 cases), pleura (112 cases), bone (110 cases), central nervous system (86 cases), abdomen (84 cases), cervical and axillary lymph nodes (38 cases), chest wall (13 cases), skin (5 cases), and eye and tongue (3 cases). For cohort 2 analysis, the initial recurrence site that resulted in poor PRS was analyzed by multivariable analysis using a Cox proportional hazard model. For cohort 1 analysis, the preoperative predictors of recurrence patterns with poor PRS were analyzed by multivariable analysis using a logistic regression model.
Results
In cohort 2 analysis, recurrence in the central nervous system (hazard ratio [HR], 1.59; p=0.003), bone (HR, 1.67; p<0.001), abdomen (HR, 1.79; p<0.001), and pleura (HR, 1.72; p<0.001) were independent poor prognostic recurrent sites for PRS and they were high-risk sites (HRS). Thoracic lymph nodes, cervical and axillary lymph nodes, lungs, chest wall, eye and tongue, and skin were low-risk sites (LRS) that did not affect PRS. Patients with multiple LRS without HRS recurrence had a worse prognosis than those with a single LRS without HRS recurrence (5-year PRS 19.5% vs. 37.0%, p=0.001) and were comparable to those with HRS recurrence (p=0.806). In cohort 1 analysis, preoperative predictors for HRS and multiple LRS recurrences were positron emission tomography (PET) maxSUV ≥ 3.0 (HR, 6.09; p<0.001), clinical stage ≥ II (HR, 2.36; p<0.001), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ≥ 5 ng/ml (HR, 1.46; p=0.001). The cumulative incidence rates of HRS and multiple LRS recurrences within 5 years were 46.7%, 26.6%, and 3.2% (p<0.001) in patients with 3, 1-2, and 0 of the above risks, respectively.
Conclusions
HRS and multiple LRS recurrences were vital recurrences associated with poor PRS. Preoperative PET maxSUV, CEA level, and clinical stage can predict the incidence of vital recurrence.
Novel Drug Targets for Atrial Fibrillation Identified Through Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Ning Zuodong , Huang Yunying , Lu Haocheng , Zhou Yong , Tu Tao , Ouyang Feifan , Liu Yaozhong , Liu Qiming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Novel, effective, and safe preventive therapy targets for AF are still warranted. Circulating proteins with causal genetic evidence represents promising candidates. We aimed to systematically screen circulating proteins for AF drug targets and determine their safety and efficacy using genetic methods.
Methods: The protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) of up to 1,949 circulating proteins were retrieved from nine large genome-proteome-wide association studies. Two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) and colocalization analyses were used to estimate the causal effects of proteins on the risk of AF. Further, phenome-wide MR was conducted to depict side effects and the drug-targets databases were searched for drug validation and repurposing.
Results: Systematic MR screen identified 30 proteins as promising drug targets. Genetically predicted 12 proteins increased AF risk (TES, CFL2, MTHFD1, RAB1A, DUSP13, SRL, ANXA4, NEO1, FKBP7, SPON1, LPA, MANBA); 18 proteins decreased AF risk (PMVK, UBE2F, SYT11, CHMP3, PFKM, FBP1, TNFSF12, CTSZ, QSOX2, ALAD, EFEMP1, FLRT2, LRIG1, OLA1, SH3BGRL3, IL6R, B3GNT8, FCGR2A). DUSP13 and TNFSF12 possess strong colocalization evidence. For these identified proteins, extended phe-MR conducted side-effect profiles, whereas drug targets databases presented the approved or investigated indications.
Conclusion: We identified 30 circulating proteins as potential preventive targets for AF.
Climate anxiety is associated with self-efficacy and behavioural engagement amongst adolescents: a cross sectional analysis
Authors: Turcotte-Tremblay Anne-Marie , Fortier Gabrielle , Bélanger Richard E , Bacque-Dion Claude , Gansaonré Rabi Joel , Leatherdale Scott T. , Haddad Slim 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Adolescents are increasingly aware of the treats of climate change and encouraged to take part in environmental actions. However, the current understanding climate anxiety adolescents is sparse. This study establishes the characteristics of adolescents who experience functional impairments induced by climate anxiety and who adopt pro-environment behaviours. It also characterizes the association between climate anxiety, feelings of self-efficacy and environmental actions.
Methods
2 379) from 113 schools in Quebec answered questions about climate anxiety, self-efficacy, behavioural engagement and several indicators of wellbeing. Data were analysed using poisson regressions adjusted for potential confounders (age, gender, school type, material deprivation, etc).
Results
More than one in ten adolescents (11%) reported that thinking about climate change makes it difficult to sleep or interferes with their ability to get work or assignments done. Only 35% of adolescents believed that they can do something to address the problem and 44% tried to reduce their behaviors that contribute to climate change. Adolescents who are boys and who are less anxious were less preoccupied and involved in the fight against climate change. Teenagers from less affluent families were more concerned, but not more engaged. Those with a good relationship with their family and strong school connectedness were both less concerned and more involved in the fight against climate change. Adolescents who felt they can do something about climate change were more likely to try to reduce behaviors that contribute to climate change.
Conclusion
The findings are useful to identify and support vulnerable groups that are more likely to experience functional impairments due to climate anxiety. The feeling of climate self-efficacy was not well developed among some groups of adolescents. Improving the youth’s beliefs in their capacity to help address the climate change may be a key strategy to promote pro-environmental actions. As the threat of climate change increases, it will be important to follow the evolution of climate anxiety and engagement amongst adolescents.
Simulation experiment of Internet online art design teaching based on computer image segmentation and Cluster algorithm
Authors: Zhang Yi , Liu Jun , Wu Xiaoli 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the continuous development of the economy, people pay more attention to spiritual needs, so the cultural industry has developed by leaps and bounds. The development of Chinese culture and art is transforming towards internationalization and industrialization, and new art forms and styles are constantly emerging. In addition, China's online education is currently in a critical period of transformation. The form of online education is comprehensively deepened, first of all in the field of basic vocational education; The second is the training of students in basic education. At present, the art design teaching courses in Chinese schools have not been fully digitized, and they are faced with the problems of outdated teaching materials, slow updating speed and high purchase cost. Based on this, this study designs an online art teaching system by introducing computer image segmentation technology. Through analysis, it can be concluded that the core algorithm of the system is superior to FCM, FCM_S1 and FCM_S2, etc., and is excellent in division entropy, coefficient and accuracy. and can fully drive the system designed in this paper. The main functional modules of the system include learning guidance, course guidance and teaching resources. Through the simulation experiment, the online art design teaching system of the Internet can fully meet the needs of many students to access through the intranet at the same time, and the external network can meet 500 concurrent users without pressure. So the overall system has good performance. This paper introduces the computer image segmentation technology into the field of art design teaching and designs a kind of effective Internet online system.
Development and validation of a scale for the assessment of the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice of Parents towards Children Snoring: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: GUO Siyan , HU Xiaoyue , WANG Xiaokai , TIE Hongyan , ZHANG Qiujun , Li Caixia , QIN Luying , Su Hongxia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Children Snoring is a common childhood disorder that affects the growth and development of children and is detrimental to their health. However, awareness of the disease among parents in the community is at a low level.
Aim: To develop the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice of Parents towards Children Snoring Scale and test the reliability and validity of the scale.
Methods: The development of the tool has been divided into two phases involving 1257 parents from China. In the first phase, an initial project bank was created through a literature review. This was followed by a Delphi expert consultation, group discussion and pre-survey. The second stage screened the items and conducted an exploratory factor analysis, then conducted a confirmatory factor analysis and tested for reliability and validity.
Results: The scale has a good content validity index. It consists of four factors and 63.3% of the total variance is explained by 25 items. The confirmatory factor analysis also validates the 4-factor structure with a good overall reliability 0.93 and a test-retest reliability of 0.83. The scale is a good tool to measure the state of children’s parents about the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice toward Children Snoring.
Conclusion: The Knowledge-Attitude-Practice of Parents towards Children Snoring scale is a valid and reliable instrument.
Numerical simulating the influences of hydrate decomposition on wellhead stability
Authors: Cheng Yuanfang , Xue Mingyu , Shi Jihui , Li Yang , Yan Chuanliang , Han Zhongying , Yang Junchao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Natural gas hydrate has been identified as a new alternative energy resource which has characteristics of weak cementation, low reservoir strength and shallow overburden depth. Thus, the stability of subsea equipment and formation can be affected during the drilling process. To quantitative assessment on the vertical displacement of the strata induced by hydrate decomposition and clearly learn the influence laws of various factors on wellhead stability, this study established a fully coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) model by ABAQUS. The important factor that affects the wellhead stability is the decomposition range of hydrate. Based on this, the orthogonal experimental design method was utilized to analyze the influence laws of some factors on wellhead stability, including the thickness of hydrate formation, initial hydrate saturation, overburden depth of hydrate sediment, and mudline temperature. The results revealed that, the decomposition of hydrate weakens the mechanical properties of the hydrate formation, thus leading to the compression of the hydrate formation, further causing the wellhead subsidence. The factors were listed in descending order as follows according to their significance of influences on wellhead stability: the thickness of hydrate formation, initial hydrate saturation, overburden depth of hydrate sediment, and mudline temperature. In particular, the effect of mudline temperature on wellhead stability is negligible. Hence, these findings not only confirm the influence of hydrate decomposition on wellhead stability, but also provide important implications for the drilling of hydrate-bearing strata.
Bioinformatics for Wet-lab Scientists: Practical Application in Sequencing Analysis
Authors: Laub Vera , Devraj Kavi , Elias Lena , Schulte Dorothea 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Genomics data is available to the scientific community after publication of research projects and can be investigated for a multitude of research questions. However, in many cases deposited data is only assessed and used for the initial publication, resulting in valuable resources not being exploited to their full depth.
Main
A likely reason for this is that many wetlab-based researchers do not apply bioinformatic tools themselves and therefore lack the necessary expertise. In this article, we present a series of freely available, predominantly web-based platforms and bioinformatic tools that can be combined in analysis pipelines to interrogate different types of next-generation sequencing data. Additionally to the presented exemplary route, we also list a number of alternative tools that can be combined in a mix-and-match fashion. We place special emphasis on tools that can be followed and used correctly without extensive prior knowledge in programming. Such analysis pipelines can be applied to existing data downloaded from the public domain or be compared to the results of own experiments.
Conclusion
Integrating transcription factor binding to chromatin (ChIP-seq) with transcriptional output (RNA-seq) and chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq), can assist to form a deeper understanding of the molecular interactions underlying transcriptional regulation and will help establishing new hypotheses and pre-testing them in silico.