bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Command filter based adaptive finite‐time dynamic surface control for nonlinear systems with unknown input delay under discontinuous input
Authors: Xia Xiaonan , Pan Jianwen , Zhang Tianping , Fang Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article, the adaptive finite‐time quantized and event‐triggered dynamic surface control (DSC) schemes are proposed for a class of strict‐feedback nonlinear system with time varying input delay. In order to ensure the completeness of the DSC method, an improved dynamic surface control method based on command filtering is adopted. The designed filtering error compensation signal can not only effectively compensate the filtering error, but also deal with the discontinuous input possessing unknown input delay. The problem of finite‐time control design and stability analysis with the difficulties brought by discontinuous input with unknown time‐varying input delay is solved through the design of the new compensation signal and the corresponding Lyapunov functional. Theoretical analysis shows that all signals in the closed‐loop system are bounded in finite time. The simulation examples also verify the effectiveness of the adaptive finite time DSC schemes proposed in this article.
Event‐triggered stabilization of switching systems with persistent dwell time by dynamic quantization
Authors: Sun Yuanyuan , Deng Feiqi , Huang Yongjia , Yu Peilin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe event‐triggered stabilization of switching systems with persistent dwell time (PDT) by dynamic input quantization is addressed in this paper. The co‐design of the event‐triggered mechanism, zoom variable, PDT switching condition is achieved to eliminate the effect of asynchrony and quantization errors on stability. First, based on PDT properties and event‐triggered instants, the updated law of the zoom variable is designed and the corresponding parameters are obtained by linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Since the PDT switching contains fast switching, which allows frequent switching within a triggered interval, detailed information on the system state is challenging to obtain. Hence, the asynchrony of system and controller modes in the stability analysis is considered. Then, the existence of a common lower bound for the triggered interval is proposed, thus eliminating the Zeno behavior. Finally, the numerical simulation verifies the validity of the method.
Unravelling the link between sleep and mental health during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: González‐Hijón Juan , Kähler Anna K. , Frans Emma M. , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur A. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Fang Fang , Lovik Anikó 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe emergence of COVID‐19 brought unparalleled changes in people's lifestyle, including sleep. We aimed to assess the bidirectional association between sleep quality and mental health and describe how sleep and mental health were affected in Sweden during the COVID‐19 pandemic (between June 2020 and September 2021). Data were obtained from the Omtanke2020 study. Participants who completed the baseline survey and each of the 8 monthly follow‐up surveys were included (N = 9035). We described the distribution of sleep and mental health in the different Swedish regions using maps and over the study period with longitudinal graphs adjusting for sex, age, recruitment type (self‐recruitment or invitation), and COVID‐19 status. The inner relationships between mental health, sleep and Covid infection were described through relative importance networks. Finally, we modelled how mental health affects sleep and vice versa using generalized estimating equations with different adjustments. Seasonal and north‐south regional variations were found in sleep and mental health outcomes at baseline and attenuated over time. The seasonal variation of sleep and mental health correlated moderately with the incidence rate of COVID‐19 in the sample. Networks indicate that the relationship between COVID‐19 incidence and mental health varies over time. We observed a bidirectional relationship between sleep quality and quantity at baseline and mental health at follow‐up and vice versa. Sleep quality and quantity at baseline was associated with adverse symptom trajectories of mental health at follow‐up, and vice versa, during the COVID‐19 pandemic. There was also a weak relationship between COVID‐19 incidence, sleep, and mental health.
Hyperparameter optimization: Foundations, algorithms, best practices, and open challenges
Authors: Bischl Bernd , Binder Martin , Lang Michel , Pielok Tobias , Richter Jakob , Coors Stefan , Thomas Janek , Ullmann Theresa , Becker Marc , Boulesteix Anne‐Laure , Deng Difan , Lindauer Marius 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMost machine learning algorithms are configured by a set of hyperparameters whose values must be carefully chosen and which often considerably impact performance. To avoid a time‐consuming and irreproducible manual process of trial‐and‐error to find well‐performing hyperparameter configurations, various automatic hyperparameter optimization (HPO) methods—for example, based on resampling error estimation for supervised machine learning—can be employed. After introducing HPO from a general perspective, this paper reviews important HPO methods, from simple techniques such as grid or random search to more advanced methods like evolution strategies, Bayesian optimization, Hyperband, and racing. This work gives practical recommendations regarding important choices to be made when conducting HPO, including the HPO algorithms themselves, performance evaluation, how to combine HPO with machine learning pipelines, runtime improvements, and parallelization.This article is categorized under:
Algorithmic Development > Statistics
Technologies > Machine Learning
Technologies > Prediction
TheDNAbinding high mobility group box protein family functionally bindsRNA
Authors: Hamilton Desmond J. , Hein Abigail E. , Wuttke Deborah S. , Batey Robert T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNucleic acid binding proteins regulate transcription, splicing, RNA stability, RNA localization, and translation, together tailoring gene expression in response to stimuli. Upon discovery, these proteins are typically classified as either DNA or RNA binding as defined by their in vivo functions; however, recent evidence suggests dual DNA and RNA binding by many of these proteins. High mobility group box (HMGB) proteins have a DNA binding HMGB domain, act as transcription factors and chromatin remodeling proteins, and are increasingly understood to interact with RNA as means to regulate gene expression. Herein, multiple layers of evidence that the HMGB family are dual DNA and RNA binding proteins is comprehensively reviewed. For example, HMGB proteins directly interact with RNA in vitro and in vivo, are localized to RNP granules involved in RNA processing, and their protein interactors are enriched in RNA binding proteins involved in RNA metabolism. Importantly, in cell‐based systems, HMGB–RNA interactions facilitate protein–protein interactions, impact splicing outcomes, and modify HMGB protein genomic or cellular localization. Misregulation of these HMGB–RNA interactions are also likely involved in human disease. This review brings to light that as a family, HMGB proteins are likely to bind RNA which is essential to HMGB protein biology.This article is categorized under:RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein‐RNA RecognitionRNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA‐Protein ComplexesRNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein‐RNA Interactions: Functional Implications
The GENO Software Stack
Authors: Giesen Joachim , Kuehne Lars , Laue Sören 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGENO (generic optimization) is a domain specific language for mathematical optimization. The GENO software generates a solver from a specification of an optimization problem class. The optimization problems, that is, their objective function and constraints, are specified in a formal language. The problem specification is then translated into a general normal form. Problems in normal form are then passed on to a general purpose solver. In its Iterations, the solver evaluates expressions for the objective function, constraints, and their derivatives. Hence, computing symbolic gradients of linear algebra expressions is an important component of the GENO software stack. The expressions are evaluated on the available hardware platforms including CPUs and GPUs from different vendors. This becomes possible by compiling the expressions into BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subroutines) calls that have been optimized for the different hardware platforms by their vendors. The compiler, called autoBLAS, that translates formal linear algebra expressions into optimized BLAS calls is another important component in the GENO software stack. By putting all the components together the generated solvers are competitive with problem-specific hand-written solvers and orders of magnitude faster than competing approaches that offer comparable ease-of-use. While this article describes the full GENO software stack, its components are of also of interest on their own and thus have been made available independently.
Generating Synthetic Graph Data from Random Network Models
Authors: Meyer Ulrich , Penschuck Manuel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNetwork models are developed and used in various fields of science as their design and analysis can improve the understanding of the numerous complex systems we can observe on an everyday basis. From an algorithmics point of view, structural insights into networks can guide the engineering of tailor-made graph algorithms required to face the big data challenge.By design, network models describe graph classes and therefore can often provide meaningful synthetic instances whose applications include experimental case studies. While there exist public network libraries with numerous datasets, the available instances do not fully satisfy the needs of experimenters, especially pertaining to size and diversity. As several SPP 1736 projects engineered practical graph algorithms, multiple sampling algorithms for various graph models were designed and implemented to supplement experimental campaigns. In this chapter, we survey the results obtained for these so-called graph generators. This chapter is partially based on [43 SPP].
Increasing the Sampling Efficiency for the Link Assessment Problem
Authors: Chinazzo André , De Schryver Christian , Zweig Katharina , Wehn Norbert 
Published: January 2023

AbstractComplex graphs are at the heart of today’s big data challenges like recommendation systems, customer behavior modeling, or incident detection systems. One reoccurring task in these fields is the extraction of network motifs, which are subgraphs that are reoccurring and statistically significant. To assess the statistical significance of their occurrence, the observed values in the real network need to be compared to their expected value in a random graph model.In this chapter, we focus on the so-called Link Assessment (LA) problem, in particular for bipartite networks. Lacking closed-form solutions, we require stochastic Monte Carlo approaches that raise the challenge of finding appropriate metrics for quantifying the quality of results (QoR) together with suitable heuristics that stop the computation process if no further increase in quality is expected. We provide investigation results for three quality metrics and show that observing the right metrics reveals so-called phase transitions that can be used as a reliable basis for such heuristics. Finally, we propose a heuristic that has been evaluated with real-word datasets, providing a speedup of $$15.4\times $$

15.4
×

over previous approaches.
Einleitung
Authors: Hochstätter Ulrica 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungMit der vorliegenden Arbeit sollen die Bedürfnisse der Opfer von terroristischen Anschlägen und deren Erwartungen, die aus der Tat resultieren und sich an das Strafjustizsystem richten, untersucht und daraus Erkenntnisse zu Bewältigungsstrategien und der Vermeidung weiterer Viktimisierungen im Kontext des Strafverfahrens gewonnen werden. Im Hinblick auf die wachsenden Herausforderungen der Gegenwart durch Anschlagsgeschehen liegt der Fokus der Untersuchung auf den Besonderheiten des Viktimisierungserlebens bei terroristischen Anschlägen.
Das Opfer: Begriff, Viktimisierungsfolgen und -bewältigung
Authors: Hochstätter Ulrica 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Viktimologie (abgeleitet von lat. victima = Opfer) ist die Lehre vom Verbrechensopfer: Sie beschäftigt sich mit dem Opfer-Werden und dem Opfer-Sein. Diese Lehre ist ein Teilgebiet der Kriminologie und eine interdisziplinäre Wissenschaft, deren zentrale Fächer die Rechtswissenschaft, die Soziologie, die Psychologie und die Psychotraumatologie darstellen. Die systematische wissenschaftliche Beschäftigung mit dem Opfer begann etwa Mitte des vergangenen Jahrhunderts vor dem Hintergrund des nationalsozialistischen Völkermords, dem Holocaust. Die sozialwissenschaftliche kriminologische und viktimologische Forschung entstammt traditionell dem englischsprachigen Raum und prägt zudem die hiesige Forschung. Seit dem Aufkommen der Viktimologie wird Kriminalität aus differenten Blickrichtungen, im „Dreiklang von Tat, Täter und Opfer“, erforscht. Inhaltlich setzt sich die Viktimologie mit den Erscheinungsformen, Ursachen und Folgen von Opferwerdungsprozessen auseinander und thematisiert Fragen der Intervention und Prävention.
Verfahrensgerechtigkeit (Procedural Justice): Theorien und Modelle
Authors: Hochstätter Ulrica 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungDie prozedurale Gerechtigkeit oder Verfahrensgerechtigkeit beinhaltet die Gestaltung fairer Verfahren zur Entscheidungsfindung. Die Akzeptanz des Verfahrensergebnisses und damit das Vertrauen in das Rechtssystem misst sich an der Qualität des Entscheidungsprozesses. Dieses Vertrauen ist ein wesentlicher Aspekt für die Legitimation des Justizsystems und zeichnet einen funktionierenden Rechtsstaat aus.
Fazit und Ausblick
Authors: Hochstätter Ulrica 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Fragen der Anschlagsopfer sind psychosoziale Bedürfnisse. Die Straftat war eine von Ohnmacht und Kontrollverlust geprägte Erfahrung, die einerseits Fragen nach dem Warum und Warum ich aufwirft und andererseits Handlungen erfordert, um Balance und Normalität wiederzufinden. Dazu bedarf es der Interaktion und der Kommunikation.
Carroll covariant scalar fields in two dimensions
Authors: Bagchi Arjun , Banerjee Aritra , Dutta Sudipta , Kolekar Kedar S. , Sharma Punit 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Conformal Carroll symmetry generically arises on null manifolds and is important for holography of asymptotically flat spacetimes, generic black hole horizons and tensionless strings. In this paper, we focus on two dimensional (2d) null manifolds and hence on the 2d Conformal Carroll or equivalently the 3d Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) algebra. Using Carroll covariance, we write the most general free massless Carroll scalar field theory and discover three inequivalent actions. Of these, two viz. the time-like and space-like actions, have made their appearance in literature before. We uncover a third that we call the mixed-derivative theory. As expected, all three theories enjoy off-shell BMS invariance. Interestingly, we find that the on-shell symmetry of mixed derivative theory is a single Virasoro algebra instead of the full BMS. We discuss potential applications to tensionless strings and flat holography.
Cut-off kinks
Authors: Evslin Jarah , Royston Andrew B. , Zhang Baiyang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We answer the question: If a vacuum sector Hamiltonian is regularized by an energy cutoff, how is the one-kink sector Hamiltonian regularized? We find that it is not regularized by an energy cutoff, indeed normal modes of all energies are present in the kink Hamiltonian, but rather the decomposition of the field into normal mode operators yields coefficients which lie on a constrained surface that forces them to become small for energies above the cutoff. This explains the old observation that an energy cutoff of the kink Hamiltonian leads to an incorrect one-loop kink mass. To arrive at our conclusion, we impose that the regularized kink sector Hamiltonian is unitarily equivalent to the regularized vacuum sector Hamiltonian. This condition implies that the two regularized Hamiltonians have the same spectrum and so guarantees that the kink Hamiltonian yields the correct kink mass.
Light transformed gluon correlators in CCFT
Authors: Banerjee Sourish , Basu Rudranil , Bhatkar Sayali Atul 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the present work, we study celestial correlators of light transformed gluon operators at tree level. We also discuss the transformation of light transformed operators under the action of 4D translations. The two, three and four-point functions arising from MHV amplitudes in terms of light transformed operators satisfy translation invariance constraints, are non-distributional and contain ordinary CFT power law terms. There is a new channel dependent term in the three point function. We show that the three-point light transformed correlation function is conformally covariant after contributions from all the three channels are added. We also study the OPE limit of the different channels of the three-point function in an attempt to construct a map between the OPE in the Mellin basis and that in the light transformed one.
Epidemiology of carpal fractures: is it only about the scaphoid?
Authors: Boeddrich Olivia , Sander Anna Lena , Lustenberger Thomas , Marzi Ingo , Frank Johannes , Voth Maika , Sommer Katharina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBecause of their low incidence, studies about carpal fractures are rare. The aim of the present study was to analyze epidemiology and treatment of fractured carpal bones. We retrospectively analyzed data of 178 patients admitted to our emergency room with carpal fractures over 6 years. More males than woman were injured. In 91%, a CT scan was performed. The most commonly affected bone was the triquetrum followed by the scaphoid. Almost all triquetral fractures were treated conservatively as opposed to perilunate dislocations that were all operated on. Half of all patients with scaphoid fractures were operated. Young men had the highest risk to sustain a carpal fracture. The triquetrum and the scaphoid are most frequently affected. Usually a CT scan is needed. Treatment of scaphoid and perilunate luxation fractures is rather operative whereas the other fractures mostly allow conservative casting. Nevertheless, correct indication for treatment is important to avoid sequelae.
Counter-regulatory responses to postprandial hypoglycaemia in patients with post-bariatric hypoglycaemia vs surgical and non-surgical control individuals
Authors: Tripyla Afroditi , Herzig David , Reverter-Branchat Gemma , Pavan Jacopo , Schiavon Michele , Eugster Philippe J. , Grouzmann Eric , Nakas Christos T. , Sauvinet Valérie , Meiller Laure , Zehetner Joerg , Giachino Daniel , Nett Philipp , Gawinecka Joanna , Del Favero Simone , Thomas Andreas , Thevis Mario , Dalla Man Chiara , Bally Lia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Post-bariatric hypoglycaemia is an increasingly recognised complication of bariatric surgery, manifesting particularly after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. While hyperinsulinaemia is an established pathophysiological feature, the role of counter-regulation remains unclear. We aimed to assess counter-regulatory hormones and glucose fluxes during insulin-induced postprandial hypoglycaemia in patients with post-bariatric hypoglycaemia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass vs surgical and non-surgical control individuals.

Methods
In this case–control study, 32 adults belonging to four groups with comparable age, sex and BMI (patients with post-bariatric hypoglycaemia, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy and non-surgical control individuals) underwent a postprandial hypoglycaemic clamp in our clinical research unit to reach the glycaemic target of 2.5 mmol/l 150–170 min after ingesting 15 g of glucose. Glucose fluxes were assessed during the postprandial and hypoglycaemic period using a dual-tracer approach. The primary outcome was the incremental AUC of glucagon during hypoglycaemia. Catecholamines, cortisol, growth hormone, pancreatic polypeptide and endogenous glucose production were also analysed during hypoglycaemia.

Results
The rate of glucose appearance after oral administration, as well as the rates of total glucose appearance and glucose disappearance, were higher in both Roux-en-Y gastric bypass groups vs the non-surgical control group in the early postprandial period (all p<0.05). During hypoglycaemia, glucagon exposure was significantly lower in all surgical groups vs the non-surgical control group (all p<0.01). Pancreatic polypeptide levels were significantly lower in patients with post-bariatric hypoglycaemia vs the non-surgical control group (median [IQR]: 24.7 [10.9, 38.7] pmol/l vs 238.7 [186.3, 288.9] pmol/l) (p=0.005). Other hormonal responses to hypoglycaemia and endogenous glucose production did not significantly differ between the groups.

Conclusions/interpretation
The glucagon response to insulin-induced postprandial hypoglycaemia is lower in post-bariatric surgery individuals compared with non-surgical control individuals, irrespective of the surgical modality. No significant differences were found between patients with post-bariatric hypoglycaemia and surgical control individuals, suggesting that impaired counter-regulation is not a root cause of post-bariatric hypoglycaemia.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04334161

Graphical abstract
Developing a digital platform for community-led initiatives: from local agents′ needs to interface design
Authors: Tymoshchuk Oksana , Antunes Maria João , Almeida Ana Margarida , Silva Paula Alexandra , Pedro Luís , Ramos Fernando 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo identify how digital media are being used by community-led initiatives of the Centro Region of Portugal, and to identify the requirements that a digital platform for mediation between agents in the territory should have, two focus groups were conducted, involving six small-sized community-led initiatives and six larger-sized community-led initiatives. This article details the results of these focus groups, according to the following main categories: use of existing communication and mediation tools; the purpose of use of digital tools; type of experiences prompted by digital tools and attributes and features desired in a digital platform to support community-led initiatives. The results show differences between the use and needs of digital tools by small- and larger-sized initiatives and offer interesting insights to prototype an innovative digital solution, to enhance the actions of community-led initiatives. A reference framework for digital mediation strategies and a mobile app prototype were developed, based on these surveys. The article contributes with an analytical view about the development of digital solutions, which aim to strengthen the relationship among agents of local communities and promote mediation mechanisms among all stakeholders in territorial-based innovation.