bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Permanent interstitial low-dose-rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer: institutional experience with implementation and predictive factors for outcome and side effects
Authors: Fels Felix , Okonkwo Ernest , Großmann Jörg Günter , Schadt Thomas , Laschke Sebastian , Lövey György , Lansing Dieter , Freund Ulrich , Steurer Reiner , Momm Felix 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR brachytherapy) with Iodine-125-seeds is an established treatment modality for low- and favourable intermediate-risk prostate cancer. Our single institution experience in this field was retrospectively studied.

Methods:
Two-hundred sixty consecutive patient records were reviewed for demographic, disease, therapy and side effect data. The patients were divided into subgroups by pre- and post-implant prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and by different LDR brachytherapy techniques used, that is, preoperative planning technique (PPT) versus intraoperative real-time planning (IOR). Data were analysed by Kaplan–Meier method and appropriate testing was conducted for PSA biochemical recurrence (BCR) and for toxicities.

Results:
After median follow-up of 65·0 months, 94·0% of all patients were free from BCR. This endpoint showed no significant differences by patient age, initial PSA, PSA decrease over time, Gleason score and implanted total activity. Patients with IOR were free of BCR in 98·9% (180/182) versus 76·9% (40/52) with PPT. All patients with a PSA nadir of <0·1 ng/mL were free from BCR. Six patients (2·5%) reported an incontinence grade 1. Transient nocturia/urge and dysuria appeared in 54·7% and 22·6% of patients.

Conclusions:
Consistent with literature, LDR brachytherapy for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer appeared highly effective for freedom from BCR with mild side effects.
Accounting for Changes in Radiation Improves the Ability of SIF to Track Water Stress‐Induced Losses in Summer GPP in a Temperate Deciduous Forest
Authors: Butterfield Zachary , Magney Troy , Grossmann Katja , Bohrer Gil , Vogel Chris , Barr Stephen , Keppel‐Aleks Gretchen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGlobal observations of solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) are available from multiple satellite platforms, and SIF is increasingly used as a proxy for photosynthetic activity and ecosystem productivity. Because the relationship between SIF and gross primary productivity (GPP) depends on a variety of factors including ecosystem type and environmental conditions, it is necessary to study SIF observations across various spatiotemporal scales and ecosystems. To explore how SIF signals relate to productivity over a temperate deciduous forest, we deployed a PhotoSpec spectrometer system at the University of Michigan Biological Station AmeriFlux site (US‐UMB) in the northern Lower Peninsula of Michigan during the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons. We found that SIF correlated with GPP across diurnal and seasonal cycles (R2 = 0.61 and 0.64 for 90‐min‐ and daily‐averaged data), but that SIF signals were more strongly related to downwelling radiation than GPP (R2 = 0.91 for daily‐averaged data). The dependence of SIF on radiation obscured the impact of intraseasonal drought in the SIF timeseries, but drought stress was apparent as a decrease in relative SIF, which exhibited a stronger correlation with GPP (R2 = 0.56) than other remotely sensed data over the drought period. These results highlight the potential of SIF for detecting stress‐induced losses in forest productivity. Additionally, we found that the red:far‐red SIF ratio did not exhibit a response to water stress‐induced losses in productivity, but was largely driven by seasonal and interannual changes in canopy structure, as well as by synoptic changes in downwelling radiation.
The Aggravation of Summertime Nocturnal Ozone Pollution in China and Its Potential Impact on the Trend of Nitrate Aerosols
Authors: Li Xue , Ren Jingye , Huang Rujin , Chen Lu , Li Yan , Qiao Xinrui , Cheng Yiling , Zhao Bin , Yin Dejia , Gao Da , Sun Yele , Zhang Fang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTropospheric ozone (O3) concentration continued to increase over past years, thereby becoming a growing environmental concern in China. Most studies have focused on the analysis of daily maximum 8‐hr O3 concentration, while there is still a dearth of investigations of nocturnal O3. Here, by analyzing the data of 1,313 sites from the China National Environmental Monitoring Center, we show a remarkable increase in the nocturnal O3 concentration during summertime of 2015–2019 in most regions of China, revealing an aggravation of nocturnal O3 pollution. Combining with a GeoDetector model and statistical analysis, we clarify that the aggravation of nocturnal O3 pollution is mainly caused by reduction in both ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration and wet scavenging in recent years. We further reveal that the increasing O3 may have enhanced the nocturnal particulate nitrate () formation through N2O5 heterogeneous hydrolysis, and thereby driving the variation and long‐term trend of nocturnal .
Modulation of Polar Low Activity by the Madden‐Julian Oscillation
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Boyd Kevin , Walsh John E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe impacts of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) on polar low (PL) activity are examined. We found that PL frequency increases over the Irminger Sea and decreases over the Norwegian‐Barents Seas following the MJO Phases 2–4, and nearly opposite changes are found for Phases 6–8. Further analysis reveals significant anomalies of static stability and low‐level baroclinicity for different MJO phases, which have opposing effects on PL activity in many regions. The diagnosis of the PL genesis potential index agrees well with the observed PL activity. The agreement confirms the robustness of the MJO impacts on PL activity and suggests that such impacts can be largely explained by background environmental conditions. Significant anomalies of PL activity are also found over the North Pacific but with a weaker magnitude, which can be attributed to the comparatively lower PL frequency and the larger cancellation between static stability and low‐level baroclinicity anomalies in that basin.
Social epidemiology of Fitbit daily steps in early adolescence
Authors: Nagata Jason M. , Alsamman Sana , Smith Natalia , Yu Jiayue , Ganson Kyle T. , Dooley Erin E. , Wing David , Baker Fiona C. , Pettee Gabriel Kelley 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Sociodemographic disparities in adolescent physical activity have been documented but mostly rely on self-reported data. Our objective was to examine differences in device-based step metrics, including daily step count (steps d−1), by sociodemographic factors among a diverse sample of 10-to-14-year-old adolescents in the US.

Methods
We analyzed prospective cohort data from Year 2 (2018–2020) of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 6460). Mixed-effects models were conducted to estimate associations of sociodemographic factors (sex, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, household income, parental education, and parental marital status) with repeated measures of steps d−1 over the course of 21 days.

Results
Participants (49.6% female, 39.0% racial/ethnic minority) accumulated an average of 9095.8 steps d−1. In mixed-effects models, 1543.6 more steps d−1 were recorded for male versus female sex, Black versus White race (328.8 more steps d−1), heterosexual versus sexual minority sexual orientation (676.4 more steps d−1), >$200,000 versus <$25,000 household income (1003.3 more steps d−1), and having married/partnered parents versus unmarried/unpartnered parents (326.3 more steps d−1). We found effect modification by household income for Black adolescents and by sex for Asian adolescents.

Conclusions
Given sociodemographic differences in adolescent steps d−1, physical activity guidelines should focus on key populations and adopt strategies optimized for adolescents from diverse backgrounds.

Impact

Sociodemographic disparities in physical activity have been documented but mostly rely on self-reported data, which can be limited by reporting and prevarication bias.

In this demographically diverse sample of 10–14-year-old early adolescents in the U.S., we found notable and nuanced sociodemographic disparities in Fitbit steps per day.

More daily steps were recorded for male versus female sex, Black versus White race, heterosexual versus sexual minority, >$100,000 versus <$25,000 household income, and having married/partnered versus unmarried/unpartnered parents.

We found effect modification by household income for Black adolescents and by sex for Asian adolescents.
Immuno-histologic and histomorphometric evaluation of Angelica sinensis adjunctive to ß-tricalcium phosphate in critical-sized class II furcation defects in dogs
Authors: Eldeeb Dina W. , Hommos Ahmed M. , Taalab Maha R. , Abd El Rehim Samia S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe study evaluates the effectiveness of Angelica sinensis (As) adjunctive to Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bone graft in the management of induced critical sized class II furcation defects in dogs.Material and methodA randomized study design was conducted on the third and fourth premolars of six dogs. A total of twenty-four defects were surgically created. After reflecting a mucoperiosteal flap, twelve defects were filled with As granules mixed with β-TCP (Experimental group) while the other twelve defects were filled with β-TCP only (Control group) and both were covered by collagen membrane. At the fourth and eighth weeks, jaw segments were dissected and processed for immune-histological examination and histomorphometry analysis.ResultsAt four and eight weeks after treatment, experimental group showed a statistically significant increase in the height of newly formed interradicular bone (p = 0.001 andp = 0.0001 respectively), its surface area (p = 0.002 andp = 0.02 respectively), and the thickness of its trabeculae (p = 0.0001 andp = 0.001 respectively), when compared to control group. Moreover. alkaline phosphatase immunoreaction showed higher intensity in the osteoblast cells of experimental group compared to control group.ConclusionAs enhances periodontal regeneration and bone-formation when used in the management of furcation defects.
Rapid and reversible optical switching of cell membrane area by an amphiphilic azobenzene
Authors: Höglsperger Fabian , Vos Bart E. , Hofemeier Arne D. , Seyfried Maximilian D. , Stövesand Bastian , Alavizargar Azadeh , Topp Leon , Heuer Andreas , Betz Timo , Ravoo Bart Jan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCellular membrane area is a key parameter for any living cell that is tightly regulated to avoid membrane damage. Changes in area-to-volume ratio are known to be critical for cell shape, but are mostly investigated by changing the cell volume via osmotic shocks. In turn, many important questions relating to cellular shape, membrane tension homeostasis and local membrane area cannot be easily addressed because experimental tools for controlled modulation of cell membrane area are lacking. Here we show that photoswitching an amphiphilic azobenzene can trigger its intercalation into the plasma membrane of various mammalian cells ranging from erythrocytes to myoblasts and cancer cells. The photoisomerization leads to a rapid (250-500 ms) and highly reversible membrane area change (ca 2 % for erythrocytes) that triggers a dramatic shape modulation of living cells.
Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of the asymmetric Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model
Authors: Aguilera Miguel , Igarashi Masanao , Shimazaki Hideaki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMost natural systems operate far from equilibrium, displaying time-asymmetric, irreversible dynamics characterized by a positive entropy production while exchanging energy and matter with the environment. Although stochastic thermodynamics underpins the irreversible dynamics of small systems, the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of larger, more complex systems remains unexplored. Here, we investigate the asymmetric Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model with synchronous and asynchronous updates as a prototypical example of large-scale nonequilibrium processes. Using a path integral method, we calculate a generating functional over trajectories, obtaining exact solutions of the order parameters, path entropy, and steady-state entropy production of infinitely large networks. Entropy production peaks at critical order-disorder phase transitions, but is significantly larger for quasi-deterministic disordered dynamics. Consequently, entropy production can increase under distinct scenarios, requiring multiple thermodynamic quantities to describe the system accurately. These results contribute to developing an exact analytical theory of the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of large-scale physical and biological systems and their phase transitions.
NFIC regulates ribosomal biology and ER stress in pancreatic acinar cells and restrains PDAC initiation
Authors: Cobo Isidoro , Paliwal Sumit , Bodas Cristina , Felipe Irene , Melià-Alomà Júlia , Torres Ariadna , Martínez-Villarreal Jaime , Malumbres Marina , García Fernando , Millán Irene , del Pozo Natalia , Park Joo-Cheol , MacDonald Ray J. , Muñoz Javier , Méndez Raúl , Real Francisco X. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPancreatic acinar cells rely on PTF1 and other transcription factors to deploy their transcriptional program. We identify NFIC as a NR5A2 interactor and regulator of acinar differentiation. NFIC binding sites are enriched in NR5A2 ChIP-Sequencing peaks. Nfic knockout mice have a smaller, histologically normal, pancreas with reduced acinar gene expression. NFIC binds and regulates the promoters of acinar genes and those involved in RNA/protein metabolism, and Nfic knockout pancreata show defective ribosomal RNA maturation. NFIC dampens the endoplasmic reticulum stress program through binding to gene promoters and is required for resolution of Tunicamycin-mediated stress. NFIC is down-regulated during caerulein pancreatitis and is required for recovery after damage. Normal human pancreata with low levels of NFIC transcripts display reduced expression of genes down-regulated in Nfic knockout mice. NFIC expression is down-regulated in mouse and human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Consistently, Nfic knockout mice develop a higher number of mutant Kras-driven pre-neoplastic lesions.
Molecular mechanism of phosphopeptide neoantigen immunogenicity
Authors: Patskovsky Yury , Natarajan Aswin , Patskovska Larysa , Nyovanie Samantha , Joshi Bishnu , Morin Benjamin , Brittsan Christine , Huber Olivia , Gordon Samuel , Michelet Xavier , Schmitzberger Florian , Stein Robert B. , Findeis Mark A. , Hurwitz Andy , Van Dijk Marc , Chantzoura Eleni , Yague Alvaro S. , Pollack Smith Daniel , Buell Jennifer S. , Underwood Dennis , Krogsgaard Michelle 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAltered protein phosphorylation in cancer cells often leads to surface presentation of phosphopeptide neoantigens. However, their role in cancer immunogenicity remains unclear. Here we describe a mechanism by which an HLA-B*0702-specific acute myeloid leukemia phosphoneoantigen, pMLL747–755(EPR(pS)PSHSM), is recognized by a cognate T cell receptor named TCR27, a candidate for cancer immunotherapy. We show that the replacement of phosphoserine P4with serine or phosphomimetics does not affect pMHC conformation or peptide-MHC affinity but abrogates TCR27-dependent T cell activation and weakens binding between TCR27 and pMHC. Here we describe the crystal structures for TCR27 and cognate pMHC, map of the interface produced by nuclear magnetic resonance, and a ternary complex generated using information-driven protein docking. Our data show that non-covalent interactions between the epitope phosphate group and TCR27 are crucial for TCR specificity. This study supports development of new treatment options for cancer patients through target expansion and TCR optimization.
Orbital-optimized pair-correlated electron simulations on trapped-ion quantum computers
Authors: Zhao Luning , Goings Joshua , Shin Kyujin , Kyoung Woomin , Fuks Johanna I. , Kevin Rhee June-Koo , Rhee Young Min , Wright Kenneth , Nguyen Jason , Kim Jungsang , Johri Sonika 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVariational quantum eigensolvers (VQE) are among the most promising approaches for solving electronic structure problems on near-term quantum computers. A critical challenge for VQE in practice is that one needs to strike a balance between the expressivity of the VQE ansatz versus the number of quantum gates required to implement the ansatz, given the reality of noisy quantum operations on near-term quantum computers. In this work, we consider an orbital-optimized pair-correlated approximation to the unitary coupled cluster with singles and doubles (uCCSD) ansatz and report a highly efficient quantum circuit implementation for trapped-ion architectures. We show that orbital optimization can recover significant additional electron correlation energy without sacrificing efficiency through measurements of low-order reduced density matrices (RDMs). In the dissociation of small molecules, the method gives qualitatively accurate predictions in the strongly-correlated regime when running on noise-free quantum simulators. On IonQ’s Harmony and Aria trapped-ion quantum computers, we run end-to-end VQE algorithms with up to 12 qubits and 72 variational parameters—the largest full VQE simulation with a correlated wave function on quantum hardware. We find that even without error mitigation techniques, the predicted relative energies across different molecular geometries are in excellent agreement with noise-free simulators.
Optimal surgical procedure for treating early-stage adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast
Authors: Huang Tao , Fang Qigen , Niu Lianjie , Wang Lina , Sun Xianfu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo explore the superiority of breast conservation surgery (BCS) to mastectomy in treating early-stage adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast (BACC). Patients with surgically treated stage I/II BACC were enrolled between 2000 and 2019 in the SEER database; they were divided into the BCS and mastectomy groups. Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were compared between the two groups, and Cox hazard regression models were used to determine the independent predictors. Of the 583 patients in the study, 386 were included in the BCS group. The 10-year OS rates for the BCS and mastectomy groups were 78% (95% CI: 74–82%) and 76% (95% CI: 70–82%), respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.968). The 10-year DSS rates for the BCS and mastectomy groups were 95% (95% CI: 93–97%) and 89% (95% CI: 85–93%), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.002). Pathological examination of regional lymph nodes and adjuvant treatment were not associated with improved OS or DSS, but age, disease grade, and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors. For stage I/II BACC, BCS can achieve more satisfactory 10-year OS and DSS than mastectomy.
Deep learning supported machine vision system to precisely automate the wild blueberry harvester header
Authors: Haydar Zeeshan , Esau Travis J. , Farooque Aitazaz A. , Zaman Qamar U. , Hennessy Patrick J. , Singh Kuljeet , Abbas Farhat 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn operator of a wild blueberry harvester faces the fatigue of manually adjusting the height of the harvester’s head, considering spatial variations in plant height, fruit zone, and field topography affecting fruit yield. For stress-free harvesting of wild blueberries, a deep learning-supported machine vision control system has been developed to detect the fruit height and precisely auto-adjust the header picking teeth rake position. The OpenCV AI Kit (OAK-D) was used with YOLOv4-tiny deep learning model with code developed in Python to solve the challenge of matching fruit heights with the harvester’s head position. The system accuracy was statistically evaluated with R2 (coefficient of determination) and σ (standard deviation) measured on the difference in distances between the berries picking teeth and average fruit heights, which were 72, 43% and 2.1, 2.3 cm for the auto and manual head adjustment systems, respectively. This innovative system performed well in weed-free areas but requires further work to operate in weedy sections of the fields. Benefits of using this system include automated control of the harvester’s head to match the header picking rake height to the level of the fruit height while reducing the operator’s stress by creating safer working environments.
Assessing plate reconstruction models using plate driving force consistency tests
Authors: Clennett Edward J. , Holt Adam F. , Tetley Michael G. , Becker Thorsten W. , Faccenna Claudio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPlate reconstruction models are constructed to fit constraints such as magnetic anomalies, fracture zones, paleomagnetic poles, geological observations and seismic tomography. However, these models do not consider the physical equations of plate driving forces when reconstructing plate motion. This can potentially result in geodynamically-implausible plate motions, which has implications for a range of work based on plate reconstruction models. We present a new algorithm that calculates time-dependent slab pull, ridge push (GPE force) and mantle drag resistance for any topologically closed reconstruction, and evaluates the residuals—or missing components—required for torques to balance given our assumed plate driving force relationships. In all analyzed models, residual torques for the present-day are three orders of magnitude smaller than the typical driving torques for oceanic plates, but can be of the same order of magnitude back in time—particularly from 90 to 50 Ma. Using the Pacific plate as an example, we show how our algorithm can be used to identify areas and times with high residual torques, where either plate reconstructions have a high degree of geodynamic implausibility or our understanding of the underlying geodynamic forces is incomplete. We suggest strategies for plate model improvements and also identify times when other forces such as active mantle flow were likely important contributors. Our algorithm is intended as a tool to help assess and improve plate reconstruction models based on a transparent and expandable set of a priori dynamic constraints.