bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Hermite–Obreshkov Method for 2nd order linear initial-value problems for ODE with special attention paid to the Mathieu equation.
Authors: Corless Robert 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The numerical solution of initial-value problems (IVP) for ordinary differentialequations (ODE) is at this time a mature subject, with many high-quality codes freely available.Second-order linear equations without singularities are an especially simple class ofproblems to solve, even more so if only a single scalar equation such as the Mathieu equation y′′+(a−2qcos2x)y=0 is being considered. Nonetheless, the topic is not yet exhausted, andthis paper considers the case of writing an efficient arbitrary-precision code for the solutionof such equations. For this purpose, an implicit Hermite–Obreshkov method attains nearlyspectral accuracy at at cost only polynomial in the number of bits of accuracy requested.This is interesting for the Mathieu equation in particular because the solutions can be highlyoscillatory of variable frequency and be highly ill-conditioned.
This paper reports on the details of the prototype Maple implementation of the method,and summarizes the approximation theoretic results justifying the choice of a balancedHermite–Obreshkov method including its backward stability and decent Lebesgue constants.This method may be of especial interest for the solution of so-called D-finite equations,for which Taylor series coefficients up to degree m are available at cost only O(m),instead of the more usual O(m2).
This paper celebrates the happy occasion of the 90th birthday of John C. Butcher.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 65L04 · 33F05 · 65D15
Capturing Subjective Cognitive Decline with a new combined index in low education patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Huang Juan , Wang Hui , Chen Lin , Hu Binbin , Qin Xin , Yang Qiushuang , Cui Yajing , Chen Shenjian , Huang Wei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD), refers to self-reported cognitive decline with normal global cognition. We aimed to capture SCD among low educated patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) by a newly established indicator. There were total of 64 PD patients with low education levels (education ≤ 12 years) recruited in this study. The presence of SCD was determined based on a Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part I (1.1) score ≥ 1. The prevalence of SCD in PD patients was 43.75% (28/64). Low educated PD-SCD patients had higher scores on the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), Parkinson’s Fatigue Scale (PFS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), as well as higher scores on the UPDRS-I and UPDRS-II, compared to PD patients without SCD. Multivariate binary regression confirmed the significant association between PD-SCD and MoCA-executive abilities/attention/language. A score of 12 or less on the combined index had a sensitivity of 73.9% and a specificity of 76.2% for diagnosing PD-SCD. Most importantly, the newly combined index can help capture these low educated PD-SCD patients, with an AUC of 0.867, and is expected to assist clinicians in earlier identification of PD patients.
Computational Modelling of Cruzioseptin-4 Extracted From the Frog Cruziohyla Calcarifer and Pictuseptin-1 Extracted From the Frog Boana Picturatus
Authors: RENGIFO-LEMA MARÍA JOSÉ , PROAÑO-BOLAÑOS CAROLINA , CUESTA SEBASTIÁN , MENESES LORENA 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A computational study of the peptides Cruzioseptin-4 and Pictuseptin-1, identified in Cruziohyla calcarifer and Boana picturatus respectively, has been carried out. The studies on cruzioseptin-4 show that it is a cationic peptide with a chain of 23 amino acids that possess 52.17% of hydrophobic amino acids and a charge at pH 7 of + 1.2. Similarly, pictuseptin-1 is a 22 amino acids peptide with a charge at pH 7 of + 3 and 45.45% of hydrophobic amino acids. Furthermore, the predominant secondary structure for both peptides is alpha-helical. Finally, the molecular docking study indicates that the viable mechanism of action for both peptides is through a targeted attack on the cell membrane of pathogens via electrostatic interactions with different membrane components, leading to cell lysis. The physicochemical properties were predicted using Pep Calc and Biosyn; secondary structures using Jpred 4 and Predict Protein; while molecular docking was performed using Autodock VINA. Geometry optimization of the peptides was done using the ONIOM hybrid method with the HF/6-31G basis set implemented in the Gaussian09 program.
Somatic embryogenesis in Euterpe edulis Martius is improved by wounding, explant orientation, and suspension culture
Authors: de Mello Tamyris , Silva Tatiane Dulcineia , Zanardo Tadeu Ériton Caliman , de Almeida Francine Alves Nogueira , Oliveira Luciano Bestete , Hegedus Clovis Eduardo Nunes , Anjos Breno Benvindo dos , Schmildt Edilson Romais , Ferreira Adésio , Ferreira Márcia Flores da Silva , Lopes José Carlos , Aquije Glória Maria de Farias Viégas , Otoni Wagner Campos , Alexandre Rodrigo Sobreira 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Illegal extraction of the heart of palm is threatening Euterpe edulis Martius with extinction. Here, we investigated the induction of somatic embryogenesis in segments of E. edulis seedlings as a means of propagating this palm species. Immature seeds were harvested from the wild and germinated in vitro. After six months, the seedlings were excised in the middle of the caulicle and cut either transversely into two explants, or longitudinally with the wounded surface face down, up or sideways on the medium. Friable calli formed from upward facing explants were transferred to a suspension culture with different concentrations of picloram (15, 25, 35, and 45 µM) and then matured in the presence of abscisic acid (1, 5, 10, and 20 µM). Explants derived from upward facing segments were placed in culture medium containing L-glutamine or hydrolyzed casein (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 g L− 1). Induction in medium with 150 µM picloram was strongest for stems with longitudinal wounds positioned upward and/or sideways; while medium with 15 µM picloram enabled strong growth of friable calli. The highest average number of proembryos (16.33) was obtained with 1.0 g L− 1 hydrolyzed casein and differentiation of somatic embryos was greatest with 1 µM abscisic acid. Therefore, somatic embryogenesis of E. edulis is best achieved by placing segments from longitudinally wounded stems face up on medium containing 150 µM picloram, followed by suspension cultivation with 15 µM picloram and maturation with 1 µM abscisic acid.
Improving balance using augmented visual orientation cues
Authors: Albrecht Matthias , Streuber Stephan , Assländer Lorenz 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Falls are a major health concern, especially for elderly people. Existing augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) solutions for fall prevention aim to improve balance in dedicated training sessions. We propose a novel AR prototype as an assistive wearable device to improve balance and prevent falls in daily life. We use a custom head-mounted display toolkit to present augmented visual orientation cues (AVOC) in the peripheral field of view. The cues provide a continuous space-stationary visual reference frame for balance control using the user's tracked head position. In a study, users performed a series of balance trials to test the effect of the displayed visual cues on body sway. Our results showed that body sway can be reduced with our device, indicating improved balance. We also showed that superimposed movements of the visual reference in forward-backward or sideways directions induce respective sway responses. This indicates a direction-specific balance integration of the displayed cues. Based on our findings, we conclude that artificially generated visual orientation cues using AR can improve balance and could possibly reduce fall risk.
WITHDRAWN: Oral chondroitin sulfate functionalized natural polyphenol for targeted therapy of ulcerative colitis
Authors: Chen Yi , Shui Mingju , Yuan Qin , Li Hongyi , Zhou Hefeng , Chen Zhejie , Wang Shengpeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, idiopathic and progressive inflammatory condition affecting the colonic mucosa as well as entire gastrointestinal tract. Polyphenols have been well documented to be valuable natural antioxidants and have obvious advantages in the strategy of anti-oxidation treatment of UC. While the low bioavailability, poor water solubility, and unstable nature of polyphenols have hindered their clinical application in treating UC. Macromolecular compounds and polysaccharides are indispensable material bases for realizing oral colon targeting of small molecular agents. In this study, we encapsulated bioactive polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) withpoly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) via intermolecular hydrogen-bonded interactions, and conjugated polysaccharide chondroitin sulfate (CS) with excellent biocompatibility onto the surfaces to achieve colon-targeted delivery (EPC).
Results: The obtained EPC system showed an average diameter of 54 nm, monodisperse size distribution and negatively charged surface. In vitrostudies demonstrated the obvious reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging and anti-inflammatory ability. After oral administration, the nanoparticles locally accumulated in the inflamed colon and effectively alleviated the symptoms in dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced UC mice. Specifically, the EPC system down-regulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines, up-regulated the expression of tight junction-associated proteins to restore intestinal barrier and modulated the gut microbiota.
Conclusions: This oral drug delivery system with good therapeutic effects may pave new way for polyphenol-based therapy of UC.
Understanding the water quality dynamics in a large tropical reservoir under hydrological drought conditions
Authors: Rocha Maria Aparecida Melo , Barros Mário Ubirajara Gonçalves , Costa Alexandre Cunha , Filho Francisco de Assis Souza , Neto Iran Eduardo Lima 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Castanhão is a multipurpose reservoir located in the semiarid region of Brazil. From 2012 to 2019, a severe drought occurred in the area, leading to a significant degradation of the water quality in the reservoir, spanning from oligotrophic to eutrophic/hypereutrophic state. In addition, this deterioration resulted in massive fish mortality events and highly-increased water treatment costs. Those negative impacts motivated an in-depth water quality monitoring program of this reservoir, which started in 2016. Although numerous studies have addressed the water quality issue in tropical reservoirs, limited availability of water quality data during drought periods has created a knowledge gap regarding the understanding of water quality dynamics under these conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively understand the spatio-temporal dynamics of water quality in the Castanhão reservoir during a hydrological drought, with the objective of providing scientifically sound references for water management. The findings of this study indicate that total phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations in the reservoir follow approximately a complete-mixing pattern on a monthly basis, with temporal variations in nutrient levels being much more significant than spatial variations. This indicates that it is possible to apply a complete-mixing model at a monthly time-step to evaluate the nutrient dynamics of the reservoir. Additionally, the reservoir exhibits stronger chemical stratification of dissolved oxygen compared to thermal stratification, with dissolved oxygen levels decreasing from upstream to downstream. Furthermore, hypoxic conditions are predominant during the rainy season. In summary, this study offers an advance in the knowledge of water quality dynamics in a large tropical reservoir during a hydrological drought period. The findings highlight the vulnerability of tropical reservoirs to water quality deterioration during droughts and provide valuable insights into the spatio-temporal dynamics of water quality in such water bodies. These findings are crucial for improving water quality management in similar tropical reservoirs.
Strontium Ranelate Retards Disc Degradation and Improves Endplate and Bone Microarchitecture in Ovariectomized Rats with Lumbar Fusion Induced – Adjacent Segment Disc Degeneration
Authors: Sun Qi , Liu Fang , Fang Jiakang , Lian Qiangqiang , Hu Yunpeng , Nan Xinyu , Tian Fa-Ming , Zhang Guochuan , Qi Dianwen , Zhang Liu , Zhang Jingwen , Luo Yang , Zhang Zuzhuo , Zhou Zhuang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:
Adjacent segment disc degeneration (ASDD) is one of the long-term sequelae of spinal fusion, which is more susceptible with osteoporosis. As an anti-osteoporosis drug, strontium ranelate (SR) has been reported to not only regulate bone metabolism but also cartilage matrix formation. However, it is not yet clear whether SR has a reversal or delaying effect on fusion-induced ASDD in a model of osteoporosis.
Methods
Fifth three-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats that underwent L4-L5 posterolateral lumbar fusion (PLF) with spinous-process wire fixation 4 weeks after bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) surgery. Animals were subcutaneously administered vehicle (V) or SR (900 mg/kg/d) for 12 weeks post-PLF as follows: Sham + V, OVX + V, PLF + V, OVX + PLF + V, and OVX + PLF + SR. Manual palpation and X-ray were used to evaluate the state of lumbar fusion. Adjacent-segment disc was assessed by histological (VG staining and Scoring), histomorphometry (Disc Height, MVD, Calcification rate and Vascular Bud rate), immunohistochemical (Col-II, Aggrecan, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 and Caspase-3), and mRNA analysis (Col-I, Col-II, Aggrecan, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-4). Adjacent L6 vertebrae microstructures were evaluated by microcomputed tomography.
Results
Manual palpation and radiographs showed clear evidence of the fused segment's immobility. After 12 weeks of PLF surgery, a fusion-induced ASDD model was established. Low bone mass caused by ovariectomy can significantly exacerbate ASDD progression. SR exerted a protective effect on adjacent segment intervertebral disc with the underlying mechanism possibly being associated with preserving bone mass to prevent spinal instability, maintaining the functional integrity of endplate vascular microstructure, and regulating matrix metabolism in the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus.
Conclusions
Anti-osteoporosis medication SR treatments not only maintain bone mass and prevent fractures, but early intervention could also potentially delay degenerative conditions linked to osteoporosis. Taken together, our results suggested that SR might be a promising approach for the intervention of fusion-induced ASDD with osteoporosis.
Global Genepool Conservation and Use Strategy for Dioscorea (Yam)
Authors: Nduche Michael , Brehm Joana Magos , Abberton Michael , Faloye Benjamin , Maxed Nigel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The global genepool conservation and use strategy for yam were developed in this study. Diversity analysis, and in situ and ex situ conservation gap analyses were carried out for the 27 globally priority yam crop wild relatives (CWR) at taxon and ecogeographic levels to determine their representativeness in conservation actions. Hotspots were found in Nzerekore region of Guinea, Nimba and Grand Gedeh regions of Liberia, Montagnes, Sassandra- Marahouse, and Bas – Sassandra regions of Cote d’Ivoire, Volta, Greater Accra and Eastern regions of Ghana, Centrale and Plateau regions of Togo, Donga, Oueme, Athlantique, Littoral and Plateau provinces of Benin, South West zone of Nigeria, Es region of Cameroon, Sangha- Mbaere region of Central Africa Republic. Likouala and Sangha regions of Congo, and Shan province of Myanmar and Thailand. A total of 13 reserve sites were found in 13 countries, with four locations in the network of PA. Out of the 81% of the priority CWR, 7.10% of the taxa were represented in ex situ collections, with 14.8% of the taxa with at least 50 accessions in genebanks, while 66.6% of the priority CWR are underrepresented in genebanks, with less than 50 accessions conserved ex situ, and 18.5% of the species are not represented in ex situ collections. The findings and recommendations of this study will guide the production and implementation of effective long term conservation action and sustainable utilization of globally priority yam CWR. The active conservation of the global yam priority species will underpin food security and mitigate climate change.
Occurrence and characterization of Proteus mirabilis from infected farmed African catfish in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Anifowose Olayinka Remilekun , Oladosu Gbolahanmi Akinola , Omotosho Oladipo Olufemi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Bacterial pathogens are the causative agents of some of the most serious disease problems in cultured fish causing mortalities and severe economic losses. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence and characterization of Proteus mirabilis from infected farmed African catfish in Ogun State, Nigeria.
Methodology:
The bacteria were isolated from diseased farmed African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, n = 128) with clinical signs of skin haemorrhages, ulceration, and ascites purposively sampled from farms within three senatorial districts namely Ogun East (OE; n = 76), Ogun Central (OC; n = 30) and Ogun West (OW; n = 22) in Ogun State. The isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics, biochemical tests, and 16S rRNA gene characterisation. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were analysed using BLAST, submitted to the NCBI database, and an accession number was generated. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance at p < 0.05.
Results
The occurrence of Proteus mirabilis in infected Clarias gariepinus was 13.16%, 25%, and 31.25% in OE, OC, and OW, respectively. A significantly higher incidence was recorded in OW compared to other areas. All the Proteus mirabilis isolates were motile, gram-negative, short rod, non-lactose fermenter bacteria that showed positive catalase reactions, negative oxidase, and positive for methyl-red. The Proteus mirabilis isolates (OP 594726.1) were closely related to isolates from Pakistan, Italy, and India
Conclusions
We conclude that Proteus mirabilis colonises farmed Clarias gariepinus in Ogun State, Nigeria and the identified strain showed an evolutionary relationship with known pathogenic NCBI reference strains from other countries.
High moisture permeable cellulose diacetate films by reactive polyethylene glycol plasticizers
Authors: Wu Peipei , Sun Yaozhou , Zhao Yuchang , Zhang Yuwen , Shen Qingyue , Hu Shuaishuai , Chen Shuangjun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Cellulose diacetate (CDA) is a bio-based polymer with high hydrophilicity and low crystallinity that is used as an intrinsic moisture conductor. Adding ahydrophilic plasticizer such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) can improve chain mobility and moisture permeability but has the potential to cause damage to materialperformance due to plasticizer migration. Herein, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) modified PEG 200 (IPEG200), which served as a reactive plasticizer, can significantly enhance the water vapor permeability (WVP) and mechanical properties. Hydrophilic nanometer Al2O3 fillers were also added to improve the all-around performance of CDA films. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to monitor the synthesis of the prepolymers, IPEG200, and their reaction with CDA chains. The gel content indicates the crosslinking reaction. When IPEG200 is 9.66 phr and Al2O3 filler is 5 phr, the WVP is raised to 8.9 × 10−13 g · cm/cm2 · s · Pa. When using IPEG200 as the compatibilizer for PEG and CDA, CDA film can reach WVP 14.2 × 10−13 g · cm/cm2 · s · Pa by adding 60 phr PEG 600 and 25 phr Al2O3. This study provides a simple, feasible, low-cost method for preparing intrinsic moisture permeable film by reactive plasticizers
Ensuring Federated Ownership Verification with FedBack: A Trigger-Based Watermarking Approach
Authors: Wang Yue , Liu Yan , Chen Xingyu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Federated learning (FL) has become an emerging distributed framework to build deep learning models through the collaborative efforts from multiple participants without sharing training data across the engaged parties. However, during the whole life cycle of FL models, many unreliable participants may gain access and expose risks to them. Therefore, from the perspective of copyright protection, FedBack, a backdoor watermarking method based on trigger pre-processing is proposed to verify federated ownership on client side. First, clients embed their backdoor watermark information to the global model naturally at model training stage. Subsequently, federated ownership can be preliminarily verified through client detection and gain an outpouring of support through server mediation, without disclosing model privacy. Moreover, Trigger Pre-processing Algorithm is innovatively proposed to study watermark performance by changing watermark levels. Experimental results show that watermark detection rate of any level is high enough to credibly prove ownership verification result, with p-value providing more statistical evidence. This protection mechanism is deployed under two DNN architectures to prove watermark fidelity, significance and robustness. Overall, FedBack can credibly support the ownership verification result, with negligible impact on primitive classification tasks. It is also applicable to various federated training settings and robust to various model attacks.
Solution of Robust Linear Optimization Problems
Authors: Mondal Parthasarathi , Ojha Akshay Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Robust optimization(RO) is an important tool for handling optimization problem with uncertainty. The main objective of RO is to solve optimization problems due to uncertainty associated with constraints satisfying all real-izations of uncertain values within a given uncertainty set. The challenge of RO is to reformulate the constraints so that the uncertain optimization problem is transformed into a tractable deterministic form. In this paper, we have given more emphasis to study the robust counterpart(RC) of the RO problems and have developed a mathematical model on the solution strategy for robust linear optimization problems, where the constraints only are associated with uncertainties. The box and ellipsoidal uncertainty sets are considered and some illustrative numerical examples have been solved in each corresponding case for validating our proposed method.
Effect of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy coating on corrosion and corrosive wear resistance of pure magnesium by laser cladding
Authors: Balamurugan Kannan Ganesa , Duraiselvam Muthukannan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Magnesium and its alloys are the potential candidates for the bio-implant applications. However, their poor corrosion resistance hampers the wide usage in the real-time applications. Application of protective coating on magnesium improves their corrosion and wear resistance. Bio-implant application requires the biocompatible coatings. Therefore, in this work, the biocompatible Ti6Al4V titanium alloy was used as a coating material for a pure magnesium substrate. The laser cladding process was selected as a coating method. The laser cladding had been performed with the YB:YAG disk laser (Solid state laser), 4kW capacity. Process parameters were laser power of 600 watts and powder feed rate of 5 g/min, and the laser scan speed was 300 mm/min. Microstructures were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), corrosion resistance was evaluated through potentiodynamic polarization method in simulated body fluid (SBF) environment and wear behavior analysis thorough corrosive wear method in SBF environment. Results indicated that microstructure of the clad material contains the α + β phases and forms a good metallurgical bonding with the substrate. Ti6Al4V titanium coating on magnesium had significantly improves the corrosion rate of the substrate. The corrosive wear resistance had been improved to 98% due to Ti6Al4V cladding.