bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-site study on performances of a commercially available MALDI-TOF MS-based assay for the detection of colistin resistance in Escherichia coli
Authors: Larrouy-Maumus Gerald , Dortet Laurent , Nix Ilka D. , Maier Thomas , Oberheitmann Boris , Sparbier Katrin , Kostrzewa Markus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractColistin is a last resort drug for the treatment of multiple drug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections. Rapid methods to detect resistance are highly desirable. Here, we evaluated the performance of a commercially available MALDI-TOF MS-based assay for colistin resistance testing in Escherichia coli at two different sites. Ninety clinical E. coli isolates were provided by France and tested in Germany and UK using a MALDI-TOF MS-based colistin resistance assay. Lipid A molecules of the bacterial cell membrane were extracted using the MBT Lipid Xtract Kit™ (RUO; Bruker Daltonics, Germany). Spectra acquisition and evaluation were performed by the MBT HT LipidART Module of MBT Compass HT (RUO; Bruker Daltonics) on a MALDI Biotyper® sirius system (Bruker Daltonics) in negative ion mode. Phenotypic colistin resistance was determined by broth microdilution (MICRONAUT MIC-Strip Colistin, Bruker Daltonics) and used as a reference. Comparing the results of the MALDI-TOF MS-based colistin resistance assay with the data of the phenotypic reference method for the UK, sensitivity and specificity for the detection of colistin resistance were 97.1% (33/34) and 96.4% (53/55), respectively. Germany showed 97.1% (33/34) sensitivity and 100% (55/55) specificity for the detection of colistin resistance by MALDI-TOF MS. Applying the MBT Lipid Xtract™ Kit in combination with MALDI-TOF MS and dedicated software showed excellent performances for E. coli. Analytical and clinical validation studies must be performed to demonstrate the performance of the method as a diagnostic tool.
Pulsed thulium laser blood vessel haemostasis as an alternative to bipolar forceps during neurosurgical tumour resection
Authors: Hutfilz Alessa , Theisen-Kunde Dirk , Bonsanto Matteo Mario , Brinkmann Ralf 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDue to wavelength-specific water absorption, infrared lasers like the thulium laser emitting at 1940 nm wavelength proved to be suitable for coagulation in neurosurgery. Commonly bipolar forceps used for intraoperative haemostasis can cause mechanical and thermal tissue damage, whilst thulium laser can provide a tissue-gentle haemostasis through non-contact coagulation. The aim of this work is a less-damaging blood vessel coagulation by pulsed thulium laser radiation in comparison to standard bipolar forceps haemostasis. Ex vivo porcine blood vessels in brain tissue (0.34 ± 0.20 mm diameter) were irradiated in non-contact with a thulium laser in pulsed mode (1940 nm wavelength, 15 W power, 100–500 ms pulse duration), with a CO2 gas flow provided simultaneously at the distal fibre tip (5 L/min). In comparison, a bipolar forceps was used at various power levels (20–60 W). Tissue coagulation and ablation were evaluated by white light images and vessel occlusion was visualised by optical coherence tomography (OCT) B-scans at a wavelength of 1060 nm. Coagulation efficiency was calculated by means of the quotient of the difference between the coagulation and ablation radius to the coagulation radius. Pulsed laser application achieved blood vessel occlusion rate of 92% at low pulse duration of 200 ms with no occurrence of ablation (coagulation efficiency 100%). Bipolar forceps showed an occlusion rate of 100%, however resulted in tissue ablation. Tissue ablation depth with laser application is limited to 40 μm and by a factor of 10 less traumatising than with bipolar forceps. Pulsed thulium laser radiation achieved blood vessel haemostasis up to 0.3 mm in diameter without tissue ablation and has proven to be a tissue-gentle method compared to bipolar forceps.
Stopfleber, Froschschenkel und mit Stutenhormonen erzeugtes Schweinefleisch – Feinste Küche oder Beihilfe zur Tierquälerei: Über die Strafbarkeit der Einfuhr von Tierqualprodukten nach Deutschland de lege lata und de lege ferenda
Authors: Gerhold Sönke Florian , Poplat Tim 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Herstellung verschiedenster tierischer Produkte ist in Deutschland mit Blick auf mit dem Herstellungsprozess
unvermeidbar verbundene Tierqualen strikt verboten. Dennoch werden entsprechende Waren teilweise auch in
erheblichem Umfang nach Deutschland importiert. Der vorliegende Beitrag fragt daher nach der zutreffenden
strafrechtlichen Bewertung des Imports von Tierqualprodukten de lege lata und de lege ferenda.
FGF21 via mitochondrial lipid oxidation promotes physiological vascularization in a mouse model of Phase I ROP
Authors: Fu Zhongjie , Lundgren Pia , Pivodic Aldina , Yagi Hitomi , Harman Jarrod C. , Yang Jay , Ko Minji , Neilsen Katherine , Talukdar Saswata , Hellström Ann , Smith Lois E. H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHyperglycemia in early postnatal life of preterm infants with incompletely vascularized retinas is associated with increased risk of potentially blinding neovascular retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Neovascular ROP (Phase II ROP) is a compensatory but ultimately pathological response to the suppression of physiological postnatal retinal vascular development (Phase I ROP). Hyperglycemia in neonatal mice which suppresses physiological retinal vascular growth is associated with decreased expression of systemic and retinal fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). FGF21 administration promoted and FGF21 deficiency suppressed the physiological retinal vessel growth. FGF21 increased serum adiponectin (APN) levels and loss of APN abolished FGF21 promotion of physiological retinal vascular development. Blocking mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation also abolished FGF21 protection against delayed physiological retinal vessel growth. Clinically, preterm infants developing severe neovascular ROP (versus non-severe ROP) had a lower total lipid intake with more parenteral and less enteral during the first 4 weeks of life. Our data suggest that increasing FGF21 levels in the presence of adequate enteral lipids may help prevent Phase I retinopathy (and therefore prevent neovascular disease).
Effects of Post-awakening Light Exposure on Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Male Individuals
Authors: Petrowski Katja , Mekschrat Liza , Bührer Stefan , Siepmann Martin , Albus Christian , Schmalbach Bjarne 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLight-induced effects on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are assumed to be mediated by retinal projections to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) via different routes. Light information for the circadian system is detected by a subset of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), however, inconsistency exists in research concerning the effects of light exposure on heart rate variability (HRV). Two within-subject experiments were conducted in a standardized sleep laboratory to investigate effects of light intensity (study I, n = 29: 2 days dim vs. bright light) and spectral composition (study II, n = 24: 3 days using red vs. blue vs. green light) on HRV parameters (RMSSD, LF, HF-HRV, LF/HF ratio). Light exposure was conducted for one-hour in the post-awakening phase at 5:00 AM. Results revealed no significant light intensity effect comparing dim light versus bright white light on HRV parameters. Light color of different wavelengths significantly influenced all HRV parameters except the low frequency, with moderate to large effect sizes. RMSSD values were elevated for all three colors compared to norm values, indicating stronger parasympathetic activation. LED light of different spectral compositions demonstrated bidirectional effects on spectral components of the HRV. Red light decreased the LF/HF ratio within 30 min, whereas with blue light, LF/HF ratio consistently increased across 40 min of light exposure.
High consistency enzymatic pretreatment of eucalyptus and softwood kraft fibres for regenerated fibre products
Authors: Spönla Elisa , Rahikainen Jenni , Potthast Antje , Grönqvist Stina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSustainability of regenerated cellulosic fibres could be improved by using paper grade pulp instead of dissolving pulp as a raw material in the fibre spinning process. However, the use of paper grade pulp calls for adjustment of the molar mass distribution (MMD) prior to dissolution to obtain good solubility and spinnability. The objective of this work was to adjust MMD of softwood and eucalyptus kraft pulps by enzymatic treatments at high pulp consistency. The reduction of the MMD of eucalyptus kraft pulp was found to require a nearly 30-fold higher dose of endoglucanase compared to the treatment of softwood pulp. Interestingly, when xylanase was used in combination with endoglucanase to treat eucalyptus kraft pulp, 27% of the xylan was dissolved and the required endoglucanase dose could be decreased from 0.57 to 0.06 mg/g. The endoglucanase dose could be further decreased to 0.028 mg/g when 67% of xylan was removed chemically before the enzymatic treatment. This suggests that xylan hinders endoglucanase action on eucalyptus kraft pulp. For softwood pulp, the addition of xylanase and mannanase had only a minor impact on the treatment efficiency. The different processabilities of softwood and eucalyptus kraft pulps are suggested to originate from the deviating cellulose accessibility which is affected by the fibre structures as well as their hemicellulose composition and localisation. The effect of the treatment consistency was further studied with softwood kraft pulp. Treatment at high consistency clearly enhanced the endoglucanase action whereas the effect of solid content on the hemicellulase action was modest.
Thermal gelation of cellulose based suspensions
Authors: Viitanen Leevi , Miranda-Valdez Isaac Y. , Koivisto Juha , Puisto Antti , Alava Mikko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA more sustainable future calls for bio-based alternatives to replace plastic foams for various applications, such as packaging, insulation and cushioning. Some bio-based foams emerging in scientific publications are fabricated using liquid foam templating and methyl cellulose as well as fibers as main constituents. Scaling up of the production, however, requires a comprehensive understanding of the rheology of the foam during the shaping and drying processes. In this article, we report rheological studies of cellulose based systems in the context of thermal gelation. In more precise terms, we study how the presence of cellulose fibers and other additive materials influences the thermal gelation properties of methyl cellulose. We observe that the rheological properties, while heavily dependent on the material composition, are reasonably adjustable by appropriate material choices. The fibers are seen to decrease the temperature required for methyl cellulose to undergo a viscoelastic transition which is useful in the solid foam fabrication process. We anticipate that in the present application, the fibers increase the stability of the desired structure during the drying stage of the foam.
Governing the green economy in the Arctic
Authors: Garbis Zoe , McCarthy Erin , Orttung Robert W. , Poelzer Gregory , Shaiman Melissa , Tafrate Jacob 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn Sweden’s Norrbotten County, a “green transition” driven by market demand and new normative structures is underway, creating a regional mega-project designed to put Sweden at the forefront of emerging green industries. These industries, such as carbon-neutral steel fabrication, battery production, and data center hosting, all require large amounts of energy, land, and minerals. This paper applies the regional environmental governance framework to Arctic data to examine which stakeholders have the capacity to impose their agenda on the Arctic environment and the points of conflict and collaboration during this period of accelerated growth. The paper tests the assumption that regional governance accommodates a plurality of interests. A case study examining Norrbotten County’s industrial mega-project centered around Luleå, Sweden, identifies a dominant coalition uniting government and industry that supports norms seeking to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in this region. However, the existing regional governance model does a poor job of integrating the local Indigenous Sámi preferences for land use. At the core of the difference between actors advancing the green economy and the local Sámi reindeer herders are divergent conceptions of nature and sustainability.
U.S. Antitrust Policy in the Age of Amazon, Google, Microsoft, Apple, Netflix and Facebook
Authors: Hazlett Thomas W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSweeping changes have disrupted society courtesy of the Information Revolution, presenting great opportunities in radically transformed economic markets but also great challenges in adapting to new and different forms of organization. Antitrust laws and other elements of competition policy are being re-examined. Specifically, the House Judiciary Committee conducted hearings in 2020 in which it asked key questions about the pattern of development in U.S. markets and options for policy reform. This paper, answering such queries, finds strong evidence for the view that, relative to practical alternatives that include E.U.-style regulation, digital markets in the U.S. appear robust, generating considerable innovation that produces pro-consumer outcomes. The global Internet is dominated by U.S.-developed technologies and business models discovered and deployed in a process of competitive rivalry. Even given imperfect rules and regulations, U.S. markets have contributed strongly to economic advances embraced around the world.
Families, Language, and Equal Opportunities: Identifying Good Practices in Family Literacy Projects
Authors: Breeze Ruth , Halbach Ana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt has long been known that children who grow up in situations of economic and social disadvantage tend to have more difficulties when they enter school, and that these are often perpetuated, leading to underachievement and disaffection. The role of the family and home environment in stimulating children’s language acquisition and pre-literacy competences during their earliest years is clearly important. It is possible that with appropriate exposure and encouragement before the age of 3, children from disadvantaged backgrounds could start school on an equal footing with their more privileged counterparts. We provide a conceptual overview of the factors in the home affecting language and subsequent literacy development in children aged 0–3, and a review of programs designed to enhance the home learning environment.
Worth the Effort: the Start and Stick to Desirable Difficulties (S2D2) Framework
Authors: de Bruin Anique B. H. , Biwer Felicitas , Hui Luotong , Onan Erdem , David Louise , Wiradhany Wisnu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Desirable difficulties are learning conditions that are often experienced as effortful, but have a positive effect on learning results and transfer of knowledge and skills (Bjork & Bjork, 2011; Bjork, 1994). Learners often do not appreciate the beneficial effects of desirable difficulties, and the negative experiences of high effort and perceived low learning make them resistant to engage in desirable difficulties (Biwer et al., 2020a). This ultimately limits learning outcomes and academic achievement. With the increasing emphasis on self-regulation in education, characterized by higher learner agency and abundant choices in what, when, and how to study, the field of educational psychology is in need of theoretical and empirically testable assumptions that improve self-regulation in desirably difficult learning conditions with the aim to foster self-regulation abilities, learning outcomes, and academic achievement. Here, we present a framework that describes how to support self-regulation of effort when engaging in desirable difficulties: the “Start and Stick to Desirable Difficulties (S2D2)” framework. The framework builds on the Effort Monitoring and Regulation model (de Bruin et al., 2020). The aim of this framework is (1) to describe evidence for the central role of perceived effort and perceived learning in (dis)engagement in desirable difficulties, and (2) to review evidence on, and provide an agenda for research to improve learners’ self-regulated use of desirable difficulties to help them start and persist when learning feels tough, but is actually effective.
Self-reported insomnia symptoms, sleep duration, chronotype and the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI): a prospective study in the UK Biobank and the HUNT Study
Authors: Arora Nikhil , Richmond Rebecca Claire , Brumpton Ben Michael , Åsvold Bjørn Olav , Dalen Håvard , Skarpsno Eivind Schjelderup , Strand Linn Beate 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInsomnia and short/long sleep duration increase the risk of AMI, but their interaction with each other or with chronotype is not well known. We investigated the prospective joint associations of any two of these sleep traits on risk of AMI. We included 302 456 and 31 091 participants without past AMI episodes from UK Biobank (UKBB; 2006–10) and the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT2; 1995–97), respectively. A total of 6 833 and 2 540 incident AMIs were identified during an average 11.7 and 21.0 years follow-up, in UKBB and HUNT2, respectively. Compared to those who reported normal sleep duration (7–8 h) without insomnia symptoms, the Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) for incident AMI in UKBB among participants who reported normal, short and long sleep duration with insomnia symptoms were 1.07 (95% CI 0.99, 1.15), 1.16 (95% CI 1.07, 1.25) and 1.40 (95% CI 1.21, 1.63), respectively. The corresponding HRs in HUNT2 were 1.09 (95% CI 0.95, 1.25), 1.17 (95% CI 0.87, 1.58) and 1.02 (95% CI 0.85, 1.23). The HRs for incident AMI in UKBB among evening chronotypes were 1.19 (95% CI 1.10, 1.29) for those who had insomnia symptoms, 1.18 (95% CI 1.08, 1.29) for those with short sleep duration, and 1.21 (95% CI 1.07, 1.37) for those with long sleep duration, compared to morning chronotypes without another sleep symptom. The relative excess risk for incident AMI in UKBB due to interaction between insomnia symptoms and long sleep duration was 0.25 (95% CI 0.01, 0.48). Insomnia symptoms with long sleep duration may contribute more than just an additive effect of these sleep traits on the risk of AMI.
The Biological Production of Spacetime: A Sketch of the E-series Universe
Authors: Nomura Naoki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSpace and time, which should properly be taken conjointly, are both communicatively produced and created with certain contextual perspectives—they are not independent physical entities. The standpoint of production makes the relationship between space and time comprehensible. They can either be mental-subjective, physical-objective, or social-intersubjective. Social and intersubjective (or E-series) spacetime might shed new light on biological thinking. For general readers, this paper provides a clue regarding an alternative conceptualization of spacetime based on biology.
Reconciling multiple institutional logics for ambidexterity: human resource management reforms in Chinese public universities
Authors: Xia Jie , Zhang Mingqiong Mike , Zhu Jiuhua Cherrie , Fan Di 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOver the past several decades, Chinese universities have introduced various Western-style human resource management (HRM) practices to improve organizational performance. Such HRM innovations have resulted in new employment relations and paradoxical HR practices, which cannot be explained by the unitary institutional logic assumed by conventional HRM theories. Based on in-depth interviews of academic and administrative members, this study examines how Chinese universities struggle to reconcile competing institutional logics through HR innovations for ambidexterity. Our research reveals a unique transformation trajectory of personnel management in Chinese public universities. The findings indicate that human resource management in Chinese universities has been influenced by multiple logics of socialism, market, and corporation, heading along the neoliberal and managerial route while being shaped by strong state regulations. Chinese universities still have a long way to go to reconcile multiple institutional logics and achieve ambidexterity.
Do All Savings Matter Equally? Saving Types and Emotional Well-Being Among Older Adults: Evidence from Panel Data
Authors: Bialowolski Piotr , Xiao Jing Jian , Weziak-Bialowolska Dorota 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIll-being and mental ill-health have been on the rise in both Europe and the United States, especially among middle-aged and older adults. Although financial security has been shown to play a protective role in emotional well-being, little is known about the protective role of different types of family assets on mental health and well-being. Using longitudinal survey data from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) collected between 2004 and 2017, we examined the role of different types of family assets in emotional well-being and depression. A multivariate proportional hazard model with time-varying covariates was used. We found that family assets may play a significant protective role against depression, loneliness, and a decreased quality of life. Different forms of family assets may play diverse roles in protecting against the risks of ill-being and mental ill-health; however, their roles in increasing the chances of overcoming ill-being are less pronounced. Promotion of saving behaviours and proper financial management can help protect against adverse well-being and health outcomes in middle-aged and older adults.
BiCuSeO/GdH2 thermoelectric composite: a p-type to n-type promoter with superior charge transport
Authors: Bhoomika R. Bhat. , Gurukrishna K. , Madhukar N. P. , Shanubhogue U. Deepika , Rao Ashok , Huang Ruei-Yu , Kuo Yung-Kang , Nagaraja K. K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe herein report on compositing highly conductive GdH2 with BiCuSeO, with an aim to modulate the electronic transport and the nature of conductivity in the high-temperature regime. The incorporation of GdH2 as a minor matrix in BiCuSeO, as confirmed by structural studies, has considerably enhanced electrical conductivity in the system, thereby demonstrating the existence of thermal activation of the charge carriers. The effect of minor matrix is directly on the conversion of p-type to n-type conductivity in BiCuSeO system at near room temperature. Electronic quality factor (BE) has identified the ambiguities in the transport behaviour at near room temperature due to the addition of minor matrix. Enhancement in the power factor is seen due to GdH2, with a highest attained value of 221 μW m K−2 at 700 K for the sample with x = 11 wt%, which is nearly twice the value of pristine BiCuSeO. Highest ZT of 0.011 is obtained for the pristine BiCuSeO sample at 380 K.