bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cannabis sativa in Phytotherapy: Reappraisal of Therapeutic Potential and Regulatory Aspects
Authors: Gupta Priya , Singh Archu , Shafi Sadat , Ralli Tanya , Pottoo Faheem Hyder , Sultana Yasmin , Kohli Kanchan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:Cannabis sativa is widely used as a folk medicine in many parts of the globe and has been reported to be a treasure trove of phytoconstituents, including cannabinoids, terpenoids, and flavonoids. Accumulating evidence from various pre-clinical and clinical studies revealed the therapeutic potential of these constituents in various pathological conditions, including chronic pain, inflammation, neurological disorders, and cancer. However, the psychoactive effect and addiction potential associated with Cannabis use limited its clinical application. In the past two decades, extensive research on Cannabis has led to a resurgence of interest in the clinical application of its constituents, particularly cannabinoids. This review summarizes the therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of various phytoconstituents of Cannabis. Furthermore, recently developed nanoformulations of Cannabis constituents have also been reviewed. Since Cannabis is often associated with illicit use, regulatory aspects are of vital importance and this review therefore also documented the regulatory aspects of Cannabis use along with clinical data and commercial products of Cannabis.
Impact Evaluations of Articles in Current Drug Delivery based on Web of
Science
Authors: Yu Deng-Guang , Xu Lin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
A total of 1534 and 308 articles were published in the journal Current Drug Delivery (CDD),
from 2004 and 2019 to 2021, respectively. In this commentary, their impacts were analyzed based on
search data about citation times in the Web of Science. These publications were categorized from different
standpoints and evaluated in terms of their citations, particularly in the year 2021. The thematic,
contemporary, and local features of these articles, as well as the article types and publication formats,
were interpreted. Results demonstrated that CDD should be loyal to the contents about drug delivery,
particularly nano-drug delivery systems and nano-pharmaceutical technologies. Publications from the
developing and developed countries and regions showed no remarkable differences; therefore, submissions
are similarly welcomed. Research articles and review articles are the main stream of CDD. The
ratio of review papers is about 30%, which is reasonable but should not be further extended. Moreover,
open publications with an article processing charge always have a high impact than those with subscription.
Recent Advances in Nanocarrier-based Approaches to Atopic Dermatitis
and Emerging Trends in Drug Development and Design
Authors: Amisha  , Singh Dilpreet , Kurmi Balak Das , Singh Amrinder 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Atopic dermatitis (AD), commonly known as Eczema, is a non-communicable skin condition
that tends to become chronic. The deteriorating immunological abnormalities are marked by mild
to severe erythema, severe itching, and recurrent eczematous lesions. Different pharmacological approaches
are used to treat AD. The problem with commercial topical preparations lies in the limitation
of skin atrophy, systemic side effects, and burning sensation that decreases patient compliance. The
carrier-based system promises to eliminate these shortcomings; thus, a novel approach to treating AD
is required. Liposomes, microemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanoemulsions, etc., have
been developed recently to address this ailment. Despite extensive research in the development method
and various techniques, it has been challenging to demonstrate the commercial feasibility of these carrier-
based systems, which illustrates a gap among the different research areas. Further, different soft
wares and other tools have proliferated among biochemists as part of a cooperative approach to drug
discovery. It is crucial in designing, developing, and analyzing processes in the pharmaceutical industry
and is widely used to reduce costs, accelerate the development of biologically innovative active
ingredients, and shorten the development time. This review sheds light on the compilation of extensive
efforts to combat this disease, the product development processes, commercial products along with
patents in this regard, numerous options for each step of computer-aided drug design, including in silico
pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity screening or predictions that are important in
finding the drug-like compounds.
Uric Acid Elevation by Fructose Overload Exacerbates Nash and Atherosclerosis via Oxidative Stress
Authors: Fujii Moe , Kakimoto Mai , Sato Ikumi , Honma Koki , Kirihara Sora , Nakayama Hinako , Fukuoka Taketo , Hirohata Satoshi , Kitamori Kazuya , Ran Shang , Yamamoto Shusei , Watanabe Shogo 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is well associated with an increased
risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), regardless of risk factors for metabolic syndrome. However,
intermediary factors between NASH and CVD remain unknown. In recent years, hyperuricemia has
been associated not only with gout but also with several other organ diseases, such as hypertension,
chronic renal failure, and metabolic syndrome. In addition, hyperuricemia was shown to frequently
occur in patients with NASH and could be a risk factor for CVD. Furthermore, serum uric acid
(UA) levels have been linked with fructose intake.

Objectives:
We hypothesized that fructose loading elevates UA levels and exacerbates NASH and
atherosclerosis via oxidative stress.

Methods:
Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP5/Dmcr), between 14 to 24 weeks
of age, were divided into two groups and fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFC) diet. In addition
to the HFC diet, the fructose group was subjected to 10% fructose loading. The oral glucose tolerance
test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed at 25-week-old, followed by
blood sampling, animal sacrifice, endothelial function test, blood biochemistry, histopathological
staining, xanthine oxidase activity test, and genetic analysis performed at 26-week-old.

Results:
Fructose loading increased UA and oxidative stress levels. In addition, fructose loading
induced insulin resistance. The fructose group exhibited aggravated hepatic fibrosis and lipid deposition,
as well as enhanced lipid accumulation in the mesenteric arteries.

Conclusion:
In the SHRSP5/Dmcr rat model, elevated UA levels were a risk factor for the exacerbation
of NASH and atherosclerosis via oxidative stress.
Myocardial Infarction as a Consequence of Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Authors: Wal Pranay , Aziz Namra , Singh Yash Kumar , Wal Ankita , Kosey Sourabh , Rai Awani Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Acute myocardial infarction is an event of myocardial necrosis caused by unstable ischemic
syndrome. Myocardial infarction (MI) occurs when blood stops flowing to the cardiac tissue
or myocardium and the heart muscle gets damaged due to poor perfusion and reduced oxygen
supply. Mitochondria can serve as the arbiter of cell fate in response to stress. Oxidative metabolism
is the function of mitochondria within the cell. Cardiac cells being highly oxidative tissue
generates about 90% of their energy through oxidative metabolism. In this review, we focused on
the role of mitochondria in energy generation in myocytes as well as its consequences on heart
cells causing cell damage. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction due to oxidative stress, production
of reactive oxygen species, and anaerobic production of lactate as a failure of oxidative metabolism
are also discussed
Computer Tomography (CT)-based Screening of Hospitalized Patients with
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Complicated by Bronchiectasis
Phenotype during Acute Exacerbation: A Clinical Analysis
Authors: Zhao Jingmei , Wu Yiping , Zhang Kai , Zhang Hongfeng , Ren Hongbo , Wang Yonghong 
Published: May 2023

Background:
In the past, many experts considered chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis to be separate, chronic respiratory diseases. Nonetheless, the widespread use of high-resolution lung computed tomography (CT) has led to the discovery that these diseases can occur alone or together.

Aim:
The current study aimed to compare the effects of nutritional status on the clinical outcomes in moderate to severe COPD patients with bronchiectasis.

Objective:
This study identifies the nutritional risk in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COPD complicated by bronchiectasis phenotype during acute exacerbation screened using computer tomography (CT). Also, determines its correlation with disease progression.

Materials and Methods:
NRS 2002 (Nutrition Risk Screening Evaluation Tool) was used to determine and evaluate the nutritional risk status in 182 hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COPD complicated by bronchiectasis phenotype during an acute exacerbation. Selected patients were divided into the nutritional risk (NR) group and the non-nutritional risk (NNR) group according to their nutritional status determined by NRS 2002. The body mass index (BMI), serum albumin (ALB), pre albumin (PAB), lymphocyte count (TLC), FEV1/FVC, FEV1% predicted, PEF% predicted, blood gas analysis, number of acute exacerbations in the past year, number of respiratory failure cases, number of anti-infection days, and length of hospitalization of the two groups were observed.

Results:
The hospitalized patients in acute exacerbation of moderate to severe COPD complicated by bronchiectasis phenotype had a nutritional risk of 62.64%. BMI, ALB, PAB, TLC, FEV1% predicted, FEV1/FVC, PEF% predicted, blood gas analysis, number of acute exacerbations in the past year, number of respiratory failure cases, number of anti-infection days, and length of hospitalization were statistically significantly different between the NR group and NNR group (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
Hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COPD complicated by bronchiectasis phenotype during acute exacerbation are often associated with nutritional risk. An increase in nutritional risk reduces the level of pulmonary function of the patient and elevates the risk for repeated acute exacerbations, which predispose the patient to respiratory failure, thereby increasing the length of hospitalization. Therefore, the nutritional risk status of COPD patients with bronchiectasis was closely related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of the disease.
The Burden of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Medical and Nurse Italian
University Student Population: The VANVITELLI-IBS Survey
Authors: Gravina Antonietta Gerarda , Pellegrino Raffaele , Romeo Mario , Palladino Giovanna , Cipullo Marina , Iadanza Giorgia , Olivieri Simone , Zagaria Giuseppe , Mazzarella Chiara , Durante Tommaso , Federico Alessandro 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The increased prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) among
medical and nursing students is a global challenge. Unfortunately, data on the Italian medical and
nurse student population are scarce. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the prevalence of
IBS in this setting and to evaluate the demographic, university, Mediterranean diet adherence, and
anxiety factors associated with its increased presence.

Objective:
To assess the prevalence of IBS, anxiety levels, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet
in medical and nursing university students.

Methods:
An anonymous online questionnaire was sent to participants. Several demographic and
educational variables were assayed, and the presence of symptoms associated with the definition of
IBS (according to Rome IV criteria). In addition, anxiety levels and adherence to the Mediterranean
diet were also assessed.

Results:
Of 161 students, 21.11% met the Rome IV criteria for IBS. Some subgroups, the out-ofcourse
students or no scholarship recipients, were found to have a higher percentage of IBS (p <
0.05). Being out-of-course was shown to be associated with an increased and unreported risk of
presenting IBS (OR: 8.403, p < 0.001). Levels of anxiety and adherence to the Mediterranean diet
were significantly worse in the IBS group (p < 0.01). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was
associated with a reduced risk of presenting IBS in our setting (OR 0.258, p = 0.002).

Conclusion:
Our sample of Italian medical and nursing students recorded a non-negligible
percentage of IBS. Therefore, screening and awareness campaigns could be suggested.
Anaesthesia-induced Changes in Genomic Expression Leading to
Neurodegeneration
Authors: Alharbi Khalid Saad , Almalki Waleed Hassan , Alzarea Sami I. , Kazmi Imran , Al-Abbasi Fahad A. , Afzal Obaid , Altamimi Abdulmalik Saleh Alfawaz , Albratty Mohammed , Najmi Asim , Gupta Gaurav 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
General anaesthetics (GA) have been in continuous clinical use for more than 170 years,
with millions of young and elderly populations exposed to GA to relieve perioperative discomfort and
carry out invasive examinations. Preclinical studies have shown that neonatal rodents with acute and
chronic exposure to GA suffer from memory and learning deficits, likely due to an imbalance between
excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, which has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders.
However, the mechanisms behind anaesthesia-induced alterations in late postnatal mice have yet to be
established. In this narrative review, we present the current state of knowledge on early life anaesthesia
exposure-mediated alterations of genetic expression, focusing on insights gathered on propofol,
ketamine, and isoflurane, as well as the relationship between network effects and subsequent biochemical
changes that lead to long-term neurocognitive abnormalities. Our review provides strong evidence
and a clear picture of anaesthetic agents' pathological events and associated transcriptional changes,
which will provide new insights for researchers to elucidate the core ideas and gain an in-depth understanding
of molecular and genetic mechanisms. These findings are also helpful in generating more evidence
for understanding the exacerbated neuropathology, impaired cognition, and LTP due to acute
and chronic exposure to anaesthetics, which will be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of
many diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Given the many procedures in medical practice that require
continuous or multiple exposures to anaesthetics, our review will provide great insight into the
possible adverse impact of these substances on the human brain and cognition.
A Case of Wernicke’s Encephalopathy After Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Sani Elena , Da Prato Giuliana , Gremes Veronica , Valletta Francesco , Bariani Matilde , Zenti Maria Grazia 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Wernicke's encephalopathy, resulting from thiamine deficiency, is a rare but serious neurological complication of bariatric procedures. A clinical and radiologic diagnosis is often difficult, and thiamine blood tests are not broadly available. Only a few cases of Wernicke’s enceph-alopathy after sleeve gastrectomy have been reported in the literature, nonetheless, subjects can be underdiagnosed, and their cases can be underreported.

Case Presentation:
We present the case of a 20-year-old female patient who developed Wernicke’s encephalopathy after sleeve gastrectomy for grade II obesity with metabolic complications. She was presented to the Emergency Department showing confusion, gait ataxia and horizontal nystagmus two months after surgery. Persistent vomiting and lack of compliance with vitamin intake were reported. Cerebral MRI showed acute bilateral lesions in the periaqueductal and periventricular regions. Paren-teral thiamine supplementation was administered, obtaining a progressive resolution of altered mental status, motor ataxia, and nystagmus. She was discharged on oral thiamine supplementation and un-derwent a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program, since anterograde, retrograde, and working memory impairment persisted. After a 2-year follow-up, she was compliant with a balanced fraction-ated diet and vitamin supplementation. A new cerebral MRI showed regression of the neuroradiolog-ical findings, but minimal memory impairment remained.

Conclusion:
Wernicke’s encephalopathy is a concrete possibility after sleeve gastrectomy and should always be suspected in patients with recurrent vomiting, poor nutritional intake, and non-compliance to vitamin supplementation. Immediate and aggressive thiamine supplementation is mandatory to pre-vent patients from irreversible neurological impairment, even though full recovery is not always achieved.
Impact of Gaussian Traps on the Characteristics of L-shaped Tunnel
Field-effect Transistor
Authors: Chander Sweta , Sinha Sanjeet Kumar , Chaudhary Rekha 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Internet of Things (IoT) applications require high-performance TFET
devices that can be efficiently integrated with the cyber world and physical world.

Objectives:
The impact of introducing Gaussian traps in hetero-junction tunneling-field-effecttransistors
(TFET) with an L-shaped gate is presented.

Methods:
The 2-D TCAD study of different characteristics, like input, output characteristics, and
noise spectral density with trap and without trap, has been performed.

Results:
The simulation results showed that in L-shaped TFET (L_TFET), the high on-current of
1.93×10-5 A/μm, low off-current/leakage current of 1.09×10-13 A/μm, and steep sub-threshold
slope (SS) of 24 mV/dec without traps and on-current of 8.46×10-6 A/μm, off-current of 2.86×10-
11 A/μm, and degraded SS with traps are observed. They also indicated that the presence of traps
reduces gate-drain capacitance (Cgd), while gate-source capacitance (Cgs) remains unaffected. In
addition, in L_TFET, the drain current noise spectral density (SID) of 7.63 E-21 (A2/Hz) at LF and
2.69 E-26 (A2/Hz) at HF while the noise voltage spectral density (SVG) of 7.33 E-4 (V2/Hz) at LF
and 2.59 E-15 (V2/Hz) at HF without traps have been investigated in this study. The inverse dependence
of drain current noise spectral density on frequency has been observed to lower the effect
of noise at HF.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that the proposed L_TFET device is free from ambipolarity conduction
and can be well-suited for low-power applications.
An Exceptional Valorization of CuO Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids as an
Efficient Medium for the Electrophilic Substitution of Indole Towards the
Formation of Bis(indolyl)methanes
Authors: Bhirud Sangita , Sarode Chandrakant , Gupta Gaurav , Chaudhari Ganesh 
Published: May 2023

Aim:
Ionic liquids are promising green solvents with simple but unique structure-related physical properties such as negligible vapour pressure, exceptional thermal conductivity, remarkable thermal stability and their suitability and inertness towards a broad range of catalytic applications. CuO NPs have been addressed as a cost-effective and a reagent of a choice that necessitates only mild reaction conditions to offer a high yield of the desired products with exceptional selectivity in a short duration of time. Therefore, in the present work, attempts have been made to explore the catalytic potentials of CuO NPs in an ionic liquid medium to synthesize biologically important bis(indolyl)methanes.

Background:
Catalytic explorations of metal oxide nanoparticles in ionic liquids offers a cooperative
effect that has a significant impact on the kinetics as well as on the outcome of the reaction. Therefore,
such catalytic systems in the present times have seized the scientific community's interest from the
perspectives of sustainable development in synthetic organic chemistry. The combination of metal oxide
nanoparticles with highly tunable ionic liquids is not only used to synthesize simple organic molecules
but also explored in the synthesis of complex organic molecules of high commercial and biological
relevance.

Objectives:
The current work offers a rapid and robust protocol for synthesizing bis(indolyl)methanes
via electrophilic substitution reaction between indole and various aldehydes in the presence of a CuO
nanoparticles-ionic liquid system. The discussion focuses on the high tolerance of different functionalities
by the catalytic system leading to the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes.

Methods:
CuO NPs have been synthesized via the co-precipitation method using ionic liquid. The applicability
of metal oxide nanoparticles-IL matrix was further investigated in synthesizing bis(indolyl)methanes.

Results:
The FT-IR absorption below 600 cm-1 and the XRD pattern showing all the peaks in the diffraction
diagram revealed the formation of CuO NPs. FESEM images show the flake-shaped morphology
of CuO NPs and are found to be separated from the agglomerated clusters

Conclusion:
Ionic liquid-CuO NPs matrix reveals good to exceptional catalytic properties, and their
advancements as a catalytic system at room temperature open new avenues for synthetic organic
chemists.
Finding the Potential Inhibitory Activity of Vilanterol versus Budesonide
towards SARS-CoV-2 Mpro: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Approach
Authors: Hussain Afzal , Hussain Ashfaq 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The fast and widespread spread of a novel human coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), highlights the urgent need to identify a potential drug to combat COVID-19 infection. In this letter, we investigated drug repurposing as an appealing technique that can help with drug development by repurposing existing drugs to treat illnesses apart from their initial indications. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using GROMACS (200ns) were carried out for Vilanterol Versus Budesonide towards COVID-19 Mpro. The results indicated that the RMSD, RMSF, Radius of gyration, and Hydrogen-bond analysis favored Vilanterol over Budesonide. Animal investigations and reliable clinical trials will eventually be required to establish the potential preventive and therapeutic effects of these drugs.