bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oman dans l’écosystème impérial irakien au premier âge abbasside et à l’époque buyide : entre marginalité construite et convoitises politiques (seconde moitié du viiie- seconde moitié du xie siècle)
Authors: Baptiste Enki 
Published: August 2023

L’histoire d’Oman à l’époque médiévale est caractérisée par un rapport ambivalent au centre de l’Empire irakien. Les sources produites par les historiens de Bagdad témoignent de ce processus de construction de la marginalité : considéré comme la terre d’élection de l’hétérodoxie, Oman devient une zone frontalière. La géographie politique du territoire fut d’ailleurs sans cesse recomposée par les invasions et la plasticité de l’imamat ibāḍite.
Les limites de la périphérie. L’action des pays en développement dans les négociations économiques internationales des années 1950 à 1970 et son interprétation structuraliste
Authors: Orange-Leroy Raphaël 
Published: August 2023

Les années 1950-1970 voient le rapprochement des pays en développement aux Nations unies et la formation du groupe des 77 afin de négocier avec les pays du Nord un système économique international plus équitable. L’action du G77 a participé à une reconceptualisation des affaires internationales et à l’affirmation de nouvelles approches des politiques de développement. Pour les tenants d’une lecture de type « centre-périphérie », cela a marqué « l’émergence de la périphérie dans le système-monde ». Bien qu’intéressant pour penser les mécanismes de domination et leur remise en cause, ce type d’approches structuralistes a néanmoins participé à obscurcir la compréhension des relations entre les membres du G77. En retraçant la mobilisation des pays en développement dans les organisations internationales, cet article vise donc à questionner les apports et les limites des interprétations « centre-périphérie ».
Athletic Trainers’ Psychosocial Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Research Study
Authors: DiSanti Justin S. , Post Eric G. , Eason Christianne M. , Root Hayley J. , Abdenour Thomas E. 
Published: August 2023

Context
Despite the many challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, athletic programs have sought ways to persevere and deliver sport programming. This process has strained the psychosocial health of all sport stakeholders but especially those entrusted with promoting the health of participants and enforcing safety protocols. Athletic trainers (ATs) have been a major influence in striving to achieve these goals by expanding their typical roles to lead in promoting the safe delivery of sport programs.

Objective
To examine the psychosocial lived experiences of ATs as they practiced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design
Qualitative study.

Setting
National Collegiate Athletic Association Divisions I, II, and III.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 27 ATs practicing at the collegiate level (Divisions I, II, and III) who were actively involved in planning and implementing return-to-sport protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Data Collection and Analysis
Semi-structured interviews were conducted via Zoom. Inductive conventional content analysis identified emerging themes that characterized participants’ narratives. Three members of the research team were involved in the analysis process and used field notes, continuous member checking, peer review, and multiple-researcher triangulation to establish data credibility and confirmability.

Results
Three higher-order themes related to ATs’ psychosocial lived experiences emerged: (1) internalized experience, (2) interpersonal interactions, and (3) AT identity. Several subthemes were also identified to further organize elements that characterized or differentiated participants’ lived experiences.

Conclusions
Athletic trainers encountered significant challenges in maintaining their psychosocial health during the pandemic as they strived to assist others in this regard. Providing effective psychological and social support resources and strategies for ATs may not only allow them to better support themselves but may also enhance their ability to deliver professional services and promote psychosocial health among their athletes and other stakeholders in their respective sport systems in the future.
Comparative Evaluation of Setting Time and Sealing Ability of Two Root End Filling Materials: An In vitro Study
Authors: Kharabe Vidhi , Thosar Nilima , Fulzele Punit , Bane Sphurti Pramod , Gupta Suruchi 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
Incomplete root formation caused due to trauma can lead to problems in future. Treating such open apices teeth pose a challenge. Apexification is one of the treatment options for such teeth with open apex. Thus, this in vitro study intended to assess and compare two commercially available root-end filling materials mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-Angelus and Biodentine™ for their setting time and sealing ability.

Materials and Methods:
This in vitro study assessed the setting time and sealing ability of the two materials; MTA-Angelus and Biodentine™. For setting time evaluation, 30 rings were made and divided into two groups. The evaluation was done using Vicat apparatus. For sealing ability, sixty single rooted teeth were used and were divided into four groups (two experimental and two control). The assessment was done using the linear dye penetration method.

Results:
Mean setting time of Biodentine and MTA was 29.2 ± 3.84 min and 15.2 ± 2.11 min, respectively. The mean linear dye penetration in MTA group was found to be 0.808 ± 1.094 mm, 3.76 ± 1.05 mm in Biodentine group, 5.28 ± 1.73 mm and 0.05 mm in positive control group.

Conclusion:
MTA-Angelus demonstrated a faster setting time when compared to biodentine, while biodentine showed to have a superior sealing ability.
Evaluation of Superoxide Dismutase, an Antioxidant Enzyme, in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Panwar Arun , Ruhil Shikha , Keluskar Vaishali , Jirge Vasanti-Lagali , Kumar S Lokesh , Sridhar M 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
The objective is to qualitatively and quantitatively review the published literature on superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Materials and Methods:
MEDLINE (via PubMed), SCOPUS, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and gray literature were comprehensively searched. Human clinical studies published between 2000 and 2021 were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the studies.

Results:
Of the 873 articles screened, six studies were included, evaluating 640 patients (554 OSCC cases and 113 controls). SOD levels in OSCC subjects were significantly lesser (P < 0.01) compared to healthy controls in spectrophotometry analysis, whereas its immuno-expression was significantly higher in the OSCC tissue samples in immunohistochemistry. In the meta-analyses related to SOD analysis by spectrophotometry, the overall effect size of tissue SOD in OSCC and control group were 8.51 and 11.62 U/mg protein, respectively. In the meta-analyses related to SOD analysis by immunohistochemistry, the overall effect size of tissue SOD in OSCC was 55.55% and 3.61% for cell staining, respectively.

Conclusion:
Decreased SOD levels in OSCC tissue samples in spectrophotometry and high immunoexpression in immunohistochemistry accurately reflect increased oxidative stress (OS) levels. Further studies are required to understand the increase in SOD levels in OSCC tissue. Correlation analysis between SOD levels and established clinicopathological prognostic markers could aid in formulation of OS-based prognostication and treatment planning.
The Effect of Toothbrushing Duration on Plaque Removal: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Authors: Pavani Bellamkonda , Anu V. , Cinthiya G. Sweetlin , Deepika V. , Ayesha M. Siddiqah , Reddy Akkaloori Anitha 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Regular toothbrushing is an important step that removes plaque which is the common risk factor for both periodontitis and dental caries. Commonly prescribed time of brushing by dental professionals is 2 min, despite of which, the average time spent for brushing by the general population is 45 s.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between different brushing times from 30 to 180 s, and plaque removal using conventional brushing techniques in the general population.

Materials and Methods:
Forty participants were included in the study. Study participants brushed for 30, 45, 60, 120, and 180 s randomly. Plaque levels at baseline and after brushing for a specific time period were assessed using the Turesky-modified Quigley–Hein plaque index and a disclosing agent.

Results:
Plaque removal increased with increased brushing time with maximum removal at 180 s.

Conclusions:
Dental professionals during health education sessions should highlight the importance of brushing for more than 3 min to achieve maximum plaque removal.
Impact of Peer-Assisted Early Clinical Exposure on Learning in Dental Students
Authors: Hande Alka Harish , Zade Prajakta R. , Gawande Madhuri Nitin , Patil Swati Krishnakant , Sonone Archana Madhukar , Pakhale Aayushi Prakash 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Early clinical exposure (ECE) would augment the clinical education quality in dental students. Although ECE has been practicing to reinforce learning, it has certain limitations. Mainly restrictions on resources due to inappropriate student-teacher ratio owing to less no of trained faculty in the department. The student-centered teaching method such as peer-assisted learning (PAL) can be used as a supporting modus operandi in the deliverance of the curriculum at the undergraduate level to augment the learning by ECE.

Materials and Methods:
The study population includes a cohort of 100 Students of I Bachelor of Dental Sciences (BDS) and 25 Students of II BDS. From I BDS, 50 students (Group A = experimental group) were selected as cases and 50 as controls (Group B = control group) by the simple random sampling. Twenty-five students were selected from II BDS on the basis of performance scale (high achievers) as peers. (Group A) students were exposed to the ECE module which was assisted by peers as an enhancement to didactic teaching-learning. Control group (Group B) students were exposed to conventional ECE, which is facilitated by faculty members/teachers. After the intervention, both the groups were evaluated for knowledge, skills, and attitude as posttest.

Results:
The significantly enhanced posttest score was observed in Group A (7.46 ± 1.32) as compared to Group B (3.98 ± 1.59). The mean objective structured practical examination score in Group A was improved as compared to Group B and the difference between them was also found statistically significant (P = 0.00).

Conclusion:
Peer-assisted ECE could be a better teaching-learning methodology than traditional teaching for dental students in the Indian Scenario.
Effect of Resistance Exercise in Postmastectomy Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Vats Sakshi , Chahal Aksh 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Breast cancer (BC) impacts over 1.2 million individuals every year worldwide and is the most frequently diagnosed illness in women. Medical treatment options have increased chances of survival, but these procedures frequently have side effects that can negatively impact health status and quality of life (QoL) over the long term QoL. Given that resistance exercise has a special anabolic effect; it may be useful for addressing the effects of BC and its therapy.

Materials and Methods:
This is an integrative literature review study that includes data search from PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the physiotherapy evidence database databases for articles and also crossing English descriptors indexed in the medical subject headings and health sciences descriptors, respectively. The present review is based on the Whittemore and Knafl methodology.

Results:
A total of 842 patients from 13 studies were included. There was no aggravation subjectively reported or objectively evaluated lymphedema symptoms. Adverse effects were uncommon, mostly of a musculoskeletal in nature, and were successfully handled using conservative methods. The studies we looked at indicate that women who had BC surgically treated can benefit from resistance exercise in terms of their clinical and health outcomes. Results demonstrate that in cancer survivors, pain, physical and emotional functioning, fatigue, depression, and aerobic capacity have improved.

Conclusion:
It is necessary to conduct rigorously constructed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that recommend targeted resistance exercise regimens at various stages of BC treatment. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this intervention for the posttreatment care of BC patients and survivors as a method of enhancing health status and QoL, RCTs with complete, standardized reporting of interventions, and adverse events are necessary.
Association of Uric Acid in Oral Health, Periodontal Disease, and Systemic Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Uppin Rabiya Basari , Varghese Sheeja S. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The relationship between periodontitis or periodontal disease (PD) with uric acid (UA) is controversial. Furthermore, a rise in UA levels in common systemic disorders documented to be liked to PD must be understood.

Objectives:
The objective is to determine the association of UA levels with periodontal health and disease states by a systematic review of evidence from observational studies. Furthermore, we aimed to group secondary research papers which showed systemic diseases linked to periodontitis (SDLP) for the changes in UA levels in serum and discuss the consequences.

Materials and Methods:
A systematic review was conducted following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement. The literature search was followed by qualitative assessment using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale when evaluating PD with UA associations. A similar strategic search system was used for identifying secondary studies (systematic reviews with meta-analyses or [SRMA]) for identifying UA levels in common SDLP.

Results:
Out of 212 selected studies, 40 underwent full-text analysis; 6 were eligible for systematic review. The current review summarizes that overall PD cases have significantly more UA levels than healthy individuals or controls from data from three observational studies. In the case of SDLP, around 8 SRMA (conducted on = 164 observational studies) revealed a significant association (P < 0.05 in all instances) with serum hyperuricemia; cancer incidence and progression were more in women with raised UA than in men.

Conclusion:
The review showed that UA levels were significantly altered in PD compared to healthy individuals. However, the available evidence is inadequate to establish whether UA is diminished or elevated in periodontal disease. The SDLP all showed a significant association with raised serum UA levels with cancers affecting more women than men with high UA levels.
Smartphones app as portable colorimetric sensor for low-cost quantification of safranin dye in aqueous solutions
Authors: Sami Khalid Hawraz , Adil Fakhre Nabil 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT. An android smartphone-based digital image colorimeter was proposed as a novel, fast, cheap, and portable colorimetric sensor for quantification of safranin in aqueous solutions via built-in-house light-boxes photography. Smartphone application known as RGB color detector app that uses an image-matching algorithm via using of take photo (TP) and live camera (LC) to analyze colorful solutions. The color values including red (R), green (G), and blue (B) parameters can be measured with the aid of the app and used for quantifying colorful solutions. The influence of various experimental factors has been optimized. Under optimal conditions, analytical curves were 1.0-10.0 and 2.0-30.0 µg/mL of safranin using G and B parameters, respectively. The obtained signal via the G channel also presented greater sensitivity and linearity, therefore preferred to be the best working channel. The obtained linear range, correlation coefficient, limit of detection, and limit of quantification were 1.00-10.00 µg/mL, 0.9889, 0.15 µg/mL, and 0.51 µg/mL via the GTP-25 method, and 1.00-10.00 µg/mL, 0.9961, 0.13 µg/mL, and 0.44 µg/mL via GLC-25 method, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for evaluation of the dye removal. Results were in good agreement with those recorded by UV-Visible spectrophotometer/reference method.

KEY WORDS: Smartphone, App, Portable, Colorimetric, Sensor, Safranin

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1065-1080.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5.1
Design, synthesis, crystal structure and biological evaluation of novel 4-arylaminoquin- azoline derivatives as potent cytotoxic agents
Authors: Han Xiao , Liang Chi Liang , Tao Qin Wei , Hou Ling , Qiang Cai Zhi , Jie Ren Wen , Kun Wei Le 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT. A series of novel 4-arylaminoquinazoline derivatives were synthesized by five-step reactions, the structure was characterized by IR, 1H NMR, MS and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The result of 5aX crystal was as follows: the crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 12.3637(4) Å, b = 12.7902(2) Å, c = 13.2240(5) Å, α = 90°, β = 117.030(5)°, γ = 90°, V = 1862.75(12) Å3, Z = 2, F(000) = 804.0, µ = 0.095 mm-1, S = 1.039, R = 0.0569, wR = 0.1535 for 8417 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). The compound 5cX exhibited an excellent inhibitory effect on the cell line A549 (IC50 ＜ 2.5 µM) and the drug-resistant cell line H1975 (IC50 ＜ 2.5 µM) by the biological activitywhich were superior to the positive control Zorifertinib (against A549: IC50 = 31.08 µM; against H1975: IC50 = 64.17 µM). Molecular docking revealed that the better inhibitory activity of compound 5cX was owing to the combining EGFRWT and EGFRL858R/T790M by hydrogen bonding. The physicochemical properties of the compounds were predicted by using ADME data analysis, and the results showed that the compounds all obeyed Lipinski's five rules.

KEY WORDS: Quinazoline derivatives, Synthesis, X-ray diffraction, Antitumor activity
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1171-1183.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5.10
Molecular geometry and biological activity of 2-(4-substituted-phenylimino)thiazolidin- 4-one compounds
Authors: El-Rayyes Ali , T. Mogharbel Roaa , H. Abdel-Rhman Mohamed , A. Ismail Mohamed , Abdel-Latif Ehab 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT. A series of 2-(4-substituted-phenylimino)thiazolidin-4-one compounds was synthesized via heterocyclizing the corresponding N-aryl-2-chloroacetamides with ammonium thiocyanate. Their chemical structures were elucidated based on an extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data, including infrared, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass analyses. The possible tautomeric forms of synthesized thiazolidine-4-ones were studied. The tautomerization equilibrium parameters, ΔH, ΔG, and Keq were calculated using the DFT/B3LYP methodology, where it has been indicated that the tautomeric form, phenylimino, is more favourable than the phenylamino form. The antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the synthesized thiazolidin-4-ones were investigated. 2-(Chlorophenyl-imino)thiazolidin-4-one displayed potent antibacterial activity against E. coli (88.46%) and S. aureus (91.66%), and highest percent of inhibition (81.8%, ABTS assay).

KEY WORDS: N-aryl-2-chloroacetamides, Ammonium thiocyanate, 2-(Arylimino)thiazolidin-4-ones, Mulliken’s charges, Dipole moment, ABTS assay
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1275-1286.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5.18
Optical and colorimetric sensing of toxic mercury ion using green synthesized silver nanoparticles
Authors: Kalam A. , G. Al-Sehemi A. , Ashrafuzzaman Md. , M. Sharif A. , Yadav and G. Du P. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT. In ancient, human used silver and silver salts but silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have recently been found to be accepted as the result of green synthesis. Now a day, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become extremely popular in the field of the sensor due to their remarkable and significant optical, chemical, and electrical properties. In this paper, we have reported the green and reasonably priced synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Acacia confusa leaf extract which acts as both capping as well as reducing agents. The optical sensing and morphology of the as prepared AgNPs were determined using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Visible) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The sensing of Hg2+ ion through colorimetric and optical have been studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy as well as the naked eye. Moreover, the SEM analysis showed that the volume of the extract had no considerable effect on the morphology except for size. The colorimetric and optical sensing study revealed that the as-synthesized AgNPs exhibited a good response with colorimetric and optical sensing activity specifically towards the toxic Hg2+ ion.

KEY WORDS: Green synthesis, AgNPs, Optical sensor, Ultrasonic method

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1287-1298.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5.19
Synthesis and characterization of ternary composite g-C3N4-WO3/rGO for photocatalytic activity in degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Waheed Zainab , Ghazanfar Sadia , Usman Muhamamd , Muhammad Asif Hafiz , Tariq Muhammad , Mahmood Khalid , Haider Ali , Sirajuddin Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT. In the present research work, ternary composite g-C3N4-WO3/rGO was prepared by using ultrasonic assisted wet impregnation procedure. The prepared ternary composite was characterized by using FT-IR, powder XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques. FTIR studies confirmed the presence of characteristic bonds of the representative components in the composite by showing their characteristic peaks. The XRD pattern of ternary composite g-C3N4-WO3/rGO showed the presence of peaks responsible for monoclinic phase of pure tungsten oxide (WO3) and the characteristic peaks of graphitic C3N4 and GO. SEM studies of g-C3N4-WO3/rGO revealed the presence of randomly dispersed tungsten oxide particles in between agglomerated 2-D layers of carbon nitride and GO sheets. EDX data confirmed the phase purity in the form of elemental composition of the prepared composite and further provided At wt% of each element in the composite. Photocatalytic activity of the synthesized composite was evaluated by performing photocatalytic degradation test of methylene blue (MB). The rate of degradation was measured by using Shimadzu UV-1800 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer by recording the decreasing concentration of dye in terms of their absorbance values. The results exhibited that g-C3N4-WO3/rGO showed better degradation efficiency in 180 min.

KEY WORDS: Impregnation, Composite, Photocatalyst, Degradation, Methylene blue
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1123-1131.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5.5
4-Aminoantipyrine-new organotin complexes, synthesis, structure and antioxidant activity
Authors: Jawad Hashim Dhekra , H. Al-Rikabi Eman , G. Hadi Angham , J. Baqir Sadiq 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT. 4-Aminoantipyrine was used as ligand to prepare new complexes of triphenyltin, di-butyl and dimethyl-tin complexes by condensation reaction with the corresponding organotin chloride salts. The complexes were identified by different techniques, such as infrared spectra, (tin and proton) magnetic resonance and elemental analyses. The antioxidant activity of 4-aminoantipyrine and prepared complexes were studied by two different methods; Free radical scavenging activity DPPH and CUPRRAC methods. Tri and di-tin complexes gave high percentage inhibition than ligand with both methods due to tin moiety, also triphenyltin carboxylate complex was the best compared with the others.

KEY WORDS: 4-Aminoantipyrine, Condensation, Triphenyl tin chloride, DPPH and CUPRRAC methods
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1163-1170.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5.9