bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon/epoxy composites laminates toughened by short carbon fiber
Authors: Wang Yongan , Shen Wei , Chen Lifeng , Zhu Lvtao , Natsuki Toshiaki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, short carbon fiber (SCF) interlaminar toughened carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin (CF/EP) composite laminates were prepared. The effect of SCF content on the mode II interlaminar fracture toughness (GIIC) and flexural properties of CF/EP composites was investigated. It was shown that the addition of SCF between the plies had an effect on the GIIC of the composites. When the SCF content was 10 g/m2, the GIIC increased from 1506.62 J/m2 to 1995.6 J/m2, which improved by about 32.46%. When the content of SCF was 5 g/m2, the flexural strength and flexural modulus increased by 36.92% and 98.48%, respectively, showing the best performance. The toughening mechanism of SCF was observed by SEM images as SCF debonding and pulling out from the resin and SCF fracture. The present study was also compared with our previous study on short aramid fiber interlaminar toughened CF/EP composites, and the test data and SEM images of the two experiments were compared to analyze the effect of different short fibers on the interlaminar toughening effect, which provides some reference for the selection of interlaminar toughening materials.
Effectiveness of psychological first aid in infectious disease pandemics: An overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Koda Masahide , Horinouchi Toru , Oya Nozomu , Aki Morio , Iriki Akihisa , Yoshida Kazufumi , Ogawa Yusuke , Kuga Hironori , Nakao Tomohiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is insufficient research on the usefulness of psychological interventions, such as psychological first aid (PFA), during outbreaks. We searched for and critically appraised systematic reviews that examined the effectiveness of PFA during infectious disease outbreaks, such as the novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). Systematic reviews that examined the efficacy of PFA in the severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Ebola virus disease, and COVID‐19 outbreaks were searched through PubMed on February 19, 2021. The three included systematic reviews were critically appraised and assessed using AMSTAR‐2. One review's overall confidence in its findings was evaluated as “high,” which suggested that PFA training had a favorable effect on healthcare personnel. Furthermore, the review also demonstrated that PFA was commonly used during outbreaks and could be delivered through multiple methods, such as a phone or video call. Although it was anticipated that PFA would improve subjective well‐being, reports showed no evidence of reduced depression or insomnia. Future studies should examine additional numbers of PFA recipients and conduct quasi‐experimental studies to better understand the effectiveness of PFA. Evidence on its effectiveness in infectious disease outbreaks is still lacking, along with research and evaluation methods. Quasi‐experimental studies, such as comparisons with other psychological interventions, are required to better understand the effectiveness of PFA.
Registration of HA‐DM12, HA‐DM13, and HA‐DM14 oilseed sunflower germplasms with resistance to sunflower downy mildew and rust
Authors: Qi Lili , Ma Guojia , Seiler Gerald 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDowny mildew (DM) and rust are two major global sunflower (Helianthin annuus L.) diseases causing significant yield losses and reducing seed quality. Host plant resistance mediated by dominant race‐specific genes has been extensively used in sunflower production to control these diseases. However, the considerable variability of the DM and rust pathogens caused by mutation or recombination has changed the dynamics of the diseases, significantly increasing their incidence in recent years. This necessitates the development and release of sunflower germplasm with enhanced levels of disease resistance. Germplasm lines HA‐DM12 (Reg. no. GP‐382, PI 700006), HA‐DM13 (Reg. no. GP‐383, PI 700007), and HA‐DM14 (Reg. no. GP‐384, PI 700008), all with multiple DM and rust resistance, were developed using phenotypic evaluation and marker‐assisted selection. The three lines share a common DM gene (PlArg) and a rust gene (R12) and a combination of different DM genes (Pl8, Pl17, and Pl18, respectively). The triple‐gene pyramids—HA‐DM12 (Pl8Pl8/PlArgPlArg/R12R12), HA‐DM13 (Pl17Pl17/PlArgPlArg/R12R12), and HA‐DM14 (Pl18Pl18/PlArgPlArg/R12R12)—confer comprehensive resistance to all races of DM and rust identified so far and can be used in sunflower breeding programs to develop hybrids with durable resistance to DM and rust.
Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire‐4 for longitudinal mental health evaluation in elite Para athletes
Authors: Meidl Verena , Dallmann Petra , Leonhart Rainer , Bretthauer Berit , Busch Aglaja , Kubosch Eva Johanna , Wrobel Nina , Hirschmüller Anja 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite the increasing amount of research regarding mental health in elite athletes in recent years, athletes with impairments are hardly represented. Due to this lack of data and the significant need of athlete‐specific mental health screening tools, a continuous mental health monitoring program for elite Para athletes was implemented.ObjectiveValidation of the Patient Health Questionnaire‐4 (PHQ‐4) as a suitable tool for continuous mental health evaluation in elite Para athletes.DesignA 43‐week prospective observational cohort study.SettingOnline questionnaire, provided weekly via web browser and mobile app.ParticipantsSeventy‐eight Para athletes preparing for Paralympic Summer and Winter Games.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresWeekly PHQ‐4 scores, stress level, and mood.ResultsWith a mean weekly response rate of 82.7% (SD = 8.0), 2149 PHQ‐4, 2159 stress level and 2153 mood assessments were completed. Mean PHQ‐4 score among all participating athletes was 1.2 (SD = 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], [1.1–1.3]). Individual weekly scores ranged from 0 to 12 and showed significant floor effects, with 54% of the scores being zero. PHQ‐4 scores were significantly higher among female athletes and team sport members (p < .001). Internal consistency of the PHQ‐4 was satisfying, Cronbach's α being 0.839. There were significant cross‐sectional as well as longitudinal correlations of PHQ‐4 and stress level as well as mood values (p < .001). 39.7% of all athletes (n = 31) had at least one positive screen for mental health symptoms.ConclusionsThe PHQ‐4 was shown to be a valid tool for mental health surveillance in elite Para athletes. Significant correlations of the PHQ‐4 and stress level as well as mood were shown. High weekly response rates among participating athletes indicated good acceptance of the program. The weekly monitoring allowed for the identification of individual fluctuations and could identify potential athletes at risk for mental health problems when combined with clinical follow‐up.
Theoretical study on luminescence properties of a series of iridium complexes with high spin orbit coupling coefficients
Authors: Qin Zheng‐Kun , Yang Jia‐Yu , Guo Xi‐Lian , Ji Ye , Zhang Yun‐Kai , Pan Zi‐Cong , Wang Mei‐Qi , Song Ming‐Xing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, several Ir (III) complexes with transition metal as the central atom formed by the corresponding combination of two main ligands and three auxiliary ligands have been studied theoretically. The electronic structure, frontier molecular orbital, and spin orbit coupling data are used to analyze its application value in light emitting devices. The density functional theory is used to study (tbi)2Ir(bpp), (tbi‐c)2Ir(bpp), (tbi)2Ir(dbm), (tbi‐c)2Ir(dbm), (tbi)2Ir(pic), and (tbi‐c)2Ir(pic). bpp = (2Z)‐3‐hydroxy‐13‐diphenylprop‐2‐en‐1‐one; dbm = 1,3‐di‐phenyl‐1, 3‐propanedione; pic = picolinate.
Alcohol and opiate misuse in adults with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Richards Christopher J. , Friedman Deborah , Pinsky Hanna , Gootkind Elizabeth , Lee Hang , Yonker Lael , Georgiopoulos Anna M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundInternational consensus statements on depression and anxiety in adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis (awCF) recommend assessment for comorbid substance misuse. However, at CF centers, the frequency and impact of substance misuse have not been well characterized, and best practices for prevention, identification, and evidence‐based treatment have not been routinely implemented.MethodsMedical records of 148 awCF over 3 years were reviewed to determine the prevalence of substance misuse (alcohol or opiates) and its relationship with clinical variables and healthcare utilization. Independent sample t test for continuous outcomes and χ2 test for binary outcomes were used to compare groups with and without substance misuse.ResultsSubstance misuse was documented in 28 (19%) awCF, equally distributed between alcohol (n = 13) and opiates (n = 15). Adults with substance misuse were more likely to be male. The prevalence of diagnosed anxiety and depression did not differ significantly between groups, but those with substance misuse had more severe anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 Item [GAD‐7]: 10.0 ± 6.1 vs. 3.3 ± 4.4; p < 0.001) and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire‐9: 10.4 ± 6.5 vs. 4.0 ± 4.8; p < 0.001). Adults with substance misuse had higher annual rates of missed outpatient CF visits, more frequent “sick” visits, more frequent and longer hospitalizations, and a higher mortality rate.ConclusionsIn awCF, substance misuse is common and associated with adverse indicators of emotional and physical health, including via proxy of service utilization, suggesting that systematic approaches to addressing substance misuse in CF clinics should be considered. Prospective, longitudinal study is warranted to elucidate the complex relationships between depression, anxiety, substance misuse, and health outcomes in individuals with CF.
PSMA guided approach for bIoCHEmical relapse after prostatectomy‐ (PSICHE) trial (NCT05022914). Detection rate and treatment decision after 68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT within a prospective study
Authors: Francolini Giulio , Banini Marco , Di Cataldo Vanessa , Detti Beatrice , Caini Saverio , Loi Mauro , Simontacchi Gabriele , Desideri Isacco , Greto Daniela , Valzano Marianna , Roghi Manuele , Serni Sergio , Vaggelli Luca , Salvestrini Viola , Visani Luca , Becherini Carlotta , Olmetto Emanuela , Franzese Ciro , Baldaccini Davide , Scorsetti Marta , Sollini Martina , Chiti Arturo , Meattini Icro , Valicenti Richard K. , Livi Lorenzo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundUltrasensitive imaging has been demonstrated to influence biochemical relapse treatment. PSICHE is a multicentric prospective study, aimed at exploring detection rate with 68Ga‐PSMA‐11 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and outcomes with a predefined treatment algorithm tailored to the imaging.MethodsPatients affected by biochemical recurrence after surgery (prostate specific antigen [PSA] > 0.2 < 1 ng/mL) underwent staging with 68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT. Management followed this treatment algorithm accordingly with PSMA results: prostate bed salvage radiotherapy (SRT) if negative or positive within prostate bed, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) if pelvic nodal recurrences or oligometastatic disease, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) if nonoligometastatic disease. Chi‐square test was used to evaluate the relationship between baseline features and rate of positive PSMA PET/CT.ResultsOne hundred patients were enrolled. PSMA results were negative/positive in the prostate bed in 72 patients, pelvic nodal or extrapelvic metastatic disease were detected in 23 and 5 patients. Twenty‐one patients underwent observation because of prior postoperative radiotherapy (RT)/treatment refusal. Fifty patients were treated with prostate bed SRT, 23 patients underwent SBRT to pelvic nodal disease, five patients were treated with SBRT to oligometastatic disease. One patient underwent ADT. NCCN high‐risk features, stage > pT3 and ISUP score >3 reported a significantly higher rate of positive PSMA PET/CT after restaging (p = 0.01, p = 0.02, and p = 0.002). By quartiles of PSA, rate of positive PSMA PET/CT was 26.9% (>0.2; <0.29 ng/mL), 24% (>0.3; <0.37 ng/mL), 26.9% (>0.38; <0.51 ng/mL), and 34.7% (>0. 52; <0.98 ng/mL).ConclusionsPSICHE trial constitute a useful platform to collect data within a clinical framework where modern imaging and metastasis‐directed therapy are integrated.
Memoryless Quantum Repeaters Based on Cavity‐QED and Coherent States
Authors: Li Pei‐Zhe , van Loock Peter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA quantum repeater scheme based on cavity‐quantum electrodynamics (QED) and quantum error correction of channel loss via rotation‐symmetric bosonic codes (RSBCs) is proposed to distribute atomic entangled states over long distances without memories and at high clock rates. In this scheme, controlled rotation gates, i.e., phase shifts of the propagating light modes conditioned upon the state of an atom placed in a cavity, provide a mechanism both for the entangled‐state preparations and for the error syndrome identifications. In order to assess the performance of this repeater protocol, an explicit instance of RSBCs—multicomponent cat codes—are studied quantitatively. It is found that the total fidelity and the success probability for quantum communication over a long distance (such as 1000 km) both can almost approach unity provided a small enough elementary distance between stations (smaller than 0.1 or 0.01 km) and rather low local losses (up to 0.1%) are considered. In a quantum key distribution application, secret key rates can become correspondingly high, both per channel use, beating the repeaterless bound, and per second thanks to the relatively high clock rates of the memoryless scheme. Based upon the cavity‐QED setting, this scheme can be realized at room temperature and at optical frequencies.
Mediastinal hematoma following thrombolysis for acute pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Veluthat Chitra , Krishnaswamy Uma Maheswari , Venkatnarayan Kavitha , Ramachandran Priya , Devaraj Uma 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMassive pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) is a cardiorespiratory emergency and can be fatal if left untreated. The recommended treatment for PE in the presence of right ventricular dysfunction and hemodynamic instability is thrombolysis. However, the latter is a double‐edged sword as life‐threatening bleeding manifestations can occur post‐thrombolysis. Timely identification and management of these complications can prevent a catastrophic outcome. We report a case of mediastinal hematoma with new onset hemodynamic compromise following thrombolysis for acute massive pulmonary embolism. Clinico‐radiological features and Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) findings helped in the identification of the bleeding site in our case. Despite early diagnosis and timely intervention, the patient succumbed to secondary complications.
Biodegradable Polymers for Micro Elastofluidics
Authors: Tran Du Tuan , Yadav Ajeet Singh , Nguyen Nhat‐Khuong , Singha Pradip , Ooi Chin Hong , Nguyen Nam‐Trung 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMicro elastofluidics is an emerging research field that encompasses characteristics of conventional microfluidics and fluid‐structure interactions. Micro elastofluidics is expected to enable practical applications, for instance, where direct contact between biological samples and fluid handling systems is required. Besides design optimization, choosing a proper material is critical to the practical use of micro elastofluidics upon interaction with biological interface and after its functional lifetime. Biodegradable polymers are one of the most studied materials for this purpose. Micro elastofluidic devices made of biodegradable polymers possess exceptional mechanical elasticity, excellent bio compatibility, and structural degradability into non‐toxic products. This article provides an insightful and systematic review of the utilization of biodegradable polymers in digital and continuous‐flow micro elastofluidics.
Forming Stable van der Waals Contacts between Metals and 2D Semiconductors
Authors: Kwon Gihyeon , Kim Hyeon‐Sik , Jeong Kwangsik , Kim Myeongjin , Nam Gi Hwan , Park Hyunjun , Yoo Kyunghwa , Cho Mann‐Ho 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh‐performing 2D electrical and optical devices can be realized by forming an ideal van der Waals (vdW) metal contact with weak interactions and stable interface states. However, the methods for applying metal contacts while avoiding damage from metal deposition present challenges in realizing a uniform, stable vdW interface. To overcome this problem, this study develops a method for forming vdW contacts using a sacrificial Se buffer layer. This study explores this method by investigating the difference in the Schottky barrier height between the vdW metal contact deposited using a buffer layer, a transferred metal contact, and a conventional directly deposited metal contact using rectification and photovoltaic characteristics of a Schottky diode structure with graphite. Evidently, the Se buffer layer method forms the most stable and ideal vdW contact while preventing Fermi‐level pinning. A tungsten diselenide Schottky diode fabricated using these vdW contacts with Au and graphite as the top and bottom electrodes, respectively, exhibits excellent operation with an ideality factor of ≈1, an on/off ratio of > 107, and coherent properties. Additionally, when using only the vdW Au contact, the electrical and optical properties of the device can be minutely modulated by changing the structure of the Schottky diode.
Magnetic Field‐Enhanced Performance of Superparamagnetic LiMn2O4‐Based Composite Slurry Electrode for Semisolid Flow Battery
Authors: Bai Xiaojie , Wang Junhui , Hao Huiying , Xing Jie , Dong Jingjing , Liu Hao , Liao Libing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSemisolid flow batteries are expected to be applied to large‐scale energy storage fields due to the combination of the high energy density of rechargeable batteries and the flexible design of flow batteries. However, electronic conductivity, specific capacity, and viscosity of slurry electrodes are generally mutually restrictive. Here, a new concept of semisolid flow batteries based on magnetic modification slurry electrode is proposed and the electrochemical performance of the semisolid electrode is expected to be improved by close contact and enhanced electronic conductivity between the active particles with the aid of external magnetic field. This concept is further demonstrated using superparamagnetic LiMn2O4‐Fe3O4‐carbon nanotube composite as semisolid cathode. It achieves a capacity of 113.7 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2 with the aid of external magnetic field (about 0.4 T), which is about 21% higher than that without external magnetic field. Simulation study also reveals this improvement mainly resulted from the increase of the conductive paths of electrons after the rearrangement of the active particles under the external magnetic field. It is believed that this strategy gives a new and effective method for controlling the viscosity and electronic conductivity of the slurry electrodes and related flowable electrochemical energy storage systems.
Organocatalytic (1+4)‐Annulations of MBH Adducts with Electron‐Deficient Systems
Authors: Chen Xuling , Li Pengfei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBenefited from the rapid development of MBH reaction, the reaction of MBH adducts have been established as the most synthetically useful transformations. However, compared with the well‐established allylic alkylations and (3+2)‐annulations, the (1+4)‐annulations of MBH adducts have not developed rapidly until recently. As a helpful complement to the (3+2)‐annulations of MBH adducts, the (1+4)‐annulations of MBH adducts opens a robust access to structurally diverse five‐membered carbo‐ and heterocycles. This paper summarizes recent advances in organocatalytic (1+4)‐annulations using MBH adducts as 1 C‐synthons for the construction of functionalized five‐membered carbo‐ and heterocycles.
The Space of Equidistant Phylogenetic Cactuses
Authors: Huber Katharina T. , Moulton Vincent , Owen Megan , Spillner Andreas , St. John Katherine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn equidistantX-cactus is a type of rooted, arc-weighted, directed acyclic graph with leaf set X, that is used in biology to represent the evolutionary history of a set $$X$$
X
of species. In this paper, we introduce and investigate the space of equidistant X-cactuses. This space contains, as a subset, the space of ultrametric trees on X that was introduced by Gavryushkin and Drummond. We show that equidistant-cactus space is a CAT(0)-metric space which implies, for example, that there are unique geodesic paths between points. As a key step to proving this, we present a combinatorial result concerning ranked rooted X-cactuses. In particular, we show that such graphs can be encoded in terms of a pairwise compatibility condition arising from a poset of collections of pairs of subsets of $$X$$
X
that satisfy certain set-theoretic properties. As a corollary, we also obtain an encoding of ranked, rooted X-trees in terms of partitions of X, which provides an alternative proof that the space of ultrametric trees on X is CAT(0). We expect that our results will provide the basis for novel ways to perform statistical analyses on collections of equidistant X-cactuses, as well as new directions for defining and understanding spaces of more general, arc-weighted phylogenetic networks.
The number of arthroscopies performed by trainees does not deduce the level of their arthroscopic proficiency
Authors: Anetzberger Hermann , Kugler Andreas , John Dominik , Kopf Sebastian , Becker Roland , Reppenhagen Stephan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeIt is reasonable to question whether the case volume is a suitable proxy for the manual competence of an arthroscopic surgeon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the number of arthroscopies previously performed and the arthroscopic skills acquired using a standardized simulator test.MethodsA total of 97 resident and early orthopaedic surgeons who participated in arthroscopic simulator training courses were divided into five groups based on their self‐reported number of arthroscopic surgeries: (1) none, (2) < 10, (3) 10 to 19, (4) 20 to 39 and (5) 40 to 100. Arthroscopic manual skills were evaluated with a simulator by means of the diagnostic arthroscopy skill score (DASS) before and after training. Seventy‐five points out of 100 must be achieved to pass the test.ResultsIn the pretest, only three trainees in group 5 passed the arthroscopic skill test, and all other participants failed. Group 5 (57 ± 17 points; n = 17) scored significantly higher than the other groups (group 1: 30 ± 14, n = 20; group 2: 35 ± 14, n = 24; group 3: 35 ± 18, n = 23; and group 4: 33 ± 17, n = 13). After a two‐day simulator training, trainees showed a significant increase in performance. In group 5, participants scored 81 ± 17 points, which was significantly higher than the other groups (group 1: 75 ± 16; group 2: 75 ± 14; group 3: 69 ± 15; and group 4: 73 ± 13). While self‐reported arthroscopic procedures were n.s. associated with higher log odds of passing the test (p = 0.423), the points scored in the pretest were found to be a good predictor of whether a trainee would pass the test (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between the points scored in the pretest and the posttest (p < 0.05, r = 0.59, r2 = 0.34).ConclusionsThe number of previously performed arthroscopies is not a reliable indicator of the skills level of orthopaedic residents. A reasonable alternative in the future would be to verify arthroscopic proficiency on the simulator by means of a score as a pass–fail examination.Level of evidenceIII.