bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internal flat-plate airlift cylindrical reactor for the degradation of newspaper using Trichoderma reesei: characterization of hydrodynamics parameters
Authors: Hernández-Melchor Dulce Jazmín , Pérez Pablo Antonio López , Ferrera-Cerrato Ronald , Alarcón Alejandro 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Trichoderma is a fungus that can degrade cellulose-rich waste using enzymes derived from their cellular metabolism. For its growth, aerated bioreactors are used in submerged culture where oxygen is one of the elements that limits this process. The aim of this study was to characterize the hydrodynamics and mass transfer of an internal flat-plate airlift cylindrical bioreactor for the biodegradation of newspaper using T. reesei as a study model. Hydrodynamics (gas hold-up, mixing time, and the Reynolds number) and mass transfer (kLa) properties were characterized in biphasic (water-air) and triphasic (Trichoderma reesei- minimal basal medium-air) systems. Degradation kinetics of newspaper in the airlift bioreactor in a batch culture were performed. On day 20, the enzyme activities, biomass, residual cellulose, protein concentration and reducing sugars were 1421 IU L-1 CMCase, 8.02 g L-1, 2.19 g L-1, 0.0018 g L-1, 0.07 g L-1 , respectively. Finally, the overall kLa (triphasic system) was calculated to be in the range of 2.34-14.76 h -1 with a Reynolds number of 1757 depending on the hydrodynamic parameters. In addition, the theoretical kLa was compared and estimated with respect to the experimental values with a maximum error of ±20% which is acceptable based on the proposed coefficient of performance. The relationship between mass transfer and the Reynolds number is an important criterion in assessing an optimal degradation of newspaper on an industrial scale.
U-Pb Zircon geochronology and geochemistry of Late Cretaceous-Paleocene metapsammite and metagranite of Luk Ulo Karangsambung, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Aminuddin Muhammad Irman Khalif Bin Ahmad , Shuaib Mohd , Akhtar Naseem , Setiawan Nugroho Imam , Warmada I Wayan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The rock formation of late Cretaceous–Paleocene granite, metapsammite, and metagranite found across Luk Ulo Complex indicated boulders with diameter of approximately one meter and rounded shape along Luk Ulo River, Indonesia. However, less research found on geochronology and geochemistry has been conducted in study area, and such rocks require comprehensive understanding of magmatism and tectonic environment of Central Java, Indonesia. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to address the geochronological and geochemical age histories across Central Java, Indonesia using U-Pb zircon dating technique. Generally, most common types of rocks were observed which composed of hornblende and garnet-bearing granite, metapsammite, and metagranite. The geochemical study showed that protolith of rocks with hornblende was identified as Cordilleran granitoid (I-type), which originated from magmatic arc with basaltic differentiation. Further, protolith of rocks containing garnet was categorized as Caledonian granitoid (S-type), which is caused by post-collisional orogeny. The cluster observations of magmatic zircons reveal their magmatic ages, which vary from 67.00 + 1.2 to 69.10 + 0.91 Ma (late Cretaceous), whereas ages of inherited zircons ranged from 100 + 5 to 437 + 13 Ma (early Cretaceous to Silurian). Estimated periods of partial melting were found between 100–5 Ma and 118–4 Ma (early Cretaceous). Comparing the zircon ages of Luk Ulo with the zircon ages from the Sundaland regions reveals that the age distribution patterns are incredibly similar; the peak ages dispersed between the Cretaceous and Triassic periods, as well as Sundaland region was the source of the materials.
Effects of different anesthesia method on short-term outcomes on gastric cancer through change of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio
Authors: Ren Jie , Liang Si , Wei Ming , Li Zhiguo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an important indicator of patient prognosis. Different anesthesia method may improve the short-term prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients by affecting NLR.
Methods: The authors collected the electronic medical records of patients who had undergone a GC resection from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2011. Patients respectively received epidural combined general anesthesia (EGA) or general anesthesia (GA). Propensity score (PS) match was used to minimize differences. Manne Whitney U test was used to compare the effect of the two groups on postoperative Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), length of stay (LOS) and flatus time.
Results: A total of 656 patients who had undergone gastric cancer resection were collected in this study, of which 608 patients were available (EGA group, n=221, GA group, n=387). After PS match ,203 patients were retained in each group. There were significant differences in postoperative NLR (P=0.041), flatus time (P=0.04), and LOS (P<0.001) between EGA group and GA group after PS match.
Conclusions: In conclusion, this study suggests that epidural anesthesia combined general anesthesia can improve the short-term prognosis of patients undergoing surgical resection of gastric cancer, which may be related to lower postoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio.
The Cavin-1/Caveolin-1 interaction attenuates BMP/Smad signaling in pulmonary hypertension by interfering with BMPR2/Caveolin-1 binding
Authors: Tomita Shinya , Nakanishi Naohiko , Ogata Takehiro , Higuchi Yusuke , Sakamoto Akira , Tsuji Yumika , Suga Takaomi , Matoba Satoaki 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Caveolin-1 (CAV1) and Cavin-1 are components of caveolae, both of which interact with and influence the composition and stabilization of caveolae. CAV1 is associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type 2 receptor (BMPR2) is localized in caveolae associated with CAV1 and is commonly mutated in PAH. Here, we show that BMP/Smad signaling is suppressed in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells of CAV1 knockout mice. Moreover, hypoxia enhanced the CAV1/Cavin-1 interaction but attenuated the CAV1/BMPR2 interaction and BMPR2 membrane localization in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs). Both Cavin-1 and BMPR2 are associated with the CAV1 scaffolding domain. Cavin-1 decreased BMPR2 membrane localization by inhibiting the interaction of BMPR2 with CAV1 and reduced Smad signal transduction in PAECs. Furthermore, Cavin-1 knockdown was resistant to CAV1-induced pulmonary hypertension in vivo. We demonstrated that the Cavin-1/Caveolin-1 interaction attenuates BMP/Smad signaling and is a promising target for the treatment of PAH.
Experimental validation of elderly support robot integrated with knowledge representation interface
Authors: Takeda Mizuki , Sato Kaiji 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As the population of modern society ages, accidents involving the elderly are increasing and there is a shortage of caregivers.
Care robots are currently being developed, but they are not yet widely used.
One of the reasons for this is that complex systems with numerous sensors are costly and require substantial maintenance.
Another reason is that it is difficult for people to understand complex automatic systems, and physical contact with such systems can cause a sense of unease.
For this reason, the authors have been researching a user state estimation method for care robots using a small number of sensors and an information presentation method that generates a sense of ease.
The center of gravity (CoG) is an effective indicator of the state of the human body, but it generally requires many sensors to accurately determine.
To solve this problem, we developed a method for calculating candidates for the CoG using a small number of sensors.
In our previous studies, we validated the experimental method via off-line state estimation simulations on the measured data when the robot was moved without any state estimation.
However, this technique was insufficient for validating real-time state estimation with an actual robot and for operating the robot based on the estimation.
In addition, the care robot developed in previous studies was equipped with an interface to reduce the user's sense of unease, and it presented the estimated user status and timing of user movements on the screen and described them with audio.
However, the system was limited to presenting information while providing standing support only, and did not communicate with the user while they were walking, sitting, or oriented abnormally.
In this study, we prototyped an interface that presents information on all user movements, such as standing, walking, sitting, and abnormal states, and that links those movements to the care robot's response to the estimated user state.
The effectiveness of the interface was validated through experiments using an actual robot with several participants.
In all cases, the robot estimated the user's state, raised and lowered the armrest to allow the user to stand up and sit down, and stopped its motion and reverted to its original state when it detected an anomaly.
The effectiveness of the interface was also confirmed by participant interviews.
These results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method in estimating the user's state, providing support based on that state, and presenting information through the interface with a sense of ease.
Effect of Endodontic Treatment on Flow Mediated Dilatation and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients With Apical Periodontitis: A Prospective Intervention Study
Authors: Chauhan Nishant , Mittal Shweta , Tewari Sanjay , Sen Jyotsana , Laller Kuldip 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective- The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of endodontic treatment on Flow mediated dilatation (FMD) and carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) in patients with apical periodontitis (AP).
Material and method- The study includes 32 young men having AP with mean age of 25.78 years free from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors including periodontitis. All subjects underwent complete physical and dental examination, echocardiography and ultrasound assessment of FMD on brachial artery and c-IMT on carotid artery at baseline and 12 months after the endodontic treatment. Data were analysed using Paired student t test and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) test using SPSS 26 version.
Results-Endodontic treatment leads to the improvement of FMD significantly from a pooled baseline value of 4.84±1.55% to 7.68±2.08% (p<0.05). The study also depicts statistical significant difference between c-IMT (mean=0.62 ± 0.11 mm) before treatment as compared to 12 months after treatment (mean=0.59 ± 0.11mm)(p<0.05).
Conclusion-Endodontic treatment leads to improved FMD and decreased c-IMT suggesting that treating AP can be helpful in reverting early stages of CVD.
Clinical relevance-AP could be a potential etiological factor of future CVD and should be treated as soon as diagnosed.
Utility Of Non-Invasive Tests To Detect any Esophageal Varices In patients with compensated advanced liver disease
Authors: Ahmed Syed , Sharma Sanchit , Agarwal Samagra , Wong Yu Jun , Putera Martin , Saraya Anoop 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims: Current evidence lay emphasis on detection of clinically significant portal hypertension rather than Varices needing treatment(VNTs) as a decision to start beta-blockers. Esophageal varices (EVs) irrespective of their size are the most reliable indicator of CSPH. While non-invasive tools (NITs) accurately identify those with VNTs, their role to identify any EVs in patients with compensated advanced liver disease(cACLD) is not known.
Methods: Patients with cACLD with reliable liver stiffness measurement(LSM), blood parameters and gastroscopy were retrospectively recruited from multinational cohorts. Performance of Baveno-VI (LSM > 20kPa or platelet < 150,000/mm3) and expanded Baveno-VI criteria(LSM > 25kPa or platelet < 110,000/mm3) was assessed to detect VNTs as well as any EVs. This performance was compared with Baveno-VII possible CSPH criteria (LSM ³ 15 kPa and platelet ≤ 150000/mm3) to evaluate its utility to detect any EVs.
Result: Patients with cACLD (N=1200) of predominantly viral aetiology (Hepatitis B virus :269, hepatitis C virus: 564, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: 145, alcoholic liver disease: 130, other: 92) were included. Any EVs and VNTs were present in 514 (42.8%) and 70 (5.8%) patients respectively. Baveno-VI, expanded Baveno-VI and Baveno-VII criteria missed 29/514 (5.6%), 115/514 (22.4%), 19/514 (3.7%) patients with any EVs respectively whereas they misclassified 517/686 (75.4%), 211/686 (30.8%) and 598/686 (87.4%) patients with no EVs as high risk for harbouring EVs. Baveno-VI, expanded Baveno-VI and possible CSPH criteria missed 3/70 (4.3%) and 15/70 (21.4%) and 0/70 (0%) VNTs respectively.
Conclusion: Both original Baveno-VI and Baveno-VII criteria are highly sensitive to detect varices in cACLD albeit with a high misclassification rates.
High-speed electro-optic modulation in topological interface states of a one-dimensional lattice
Authors: Zhang Yong , Shen Jian , Li Jingchi , Wang Hongwei , Feng Chenglong , Zhang Lei , Sun Lu , Xu Jian , Liu Min , Wang Ying , Tian Yonghui , Dong Jian-Wen , Su Yikai 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Electro-optic modulators are key components in data communication, microwave photonics, and quantum photonics. Modulation bandwidth, energy efficiency, and device dimension are crucial metrics of modulators. Here, we provide an important direction for the miniaturization of electro-optic modulators by reporting on ultracompact topological modulators. A topological interface state in a one-dimensional lattice is implemented on a thin film lithium niobate integrated platform. Due to the strong optical confinement of the interface state and the peaking enhancement of the electro-optic response, a topological cavity with a size of 1.6 × 140 µm2 enables a large modulation bandwidth of 104 GHz. The first topological modulator exhibits the most compact device size compared to reported LN modulators with bandwidths above 28 GHz, to the best of our knowledge. 100 Gb/s non-return-to-zero and 100 Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation signals are generated. The switching energy is 5.4 fJ/bit, owing to the small electro-optic mode volume and low capacitance. The topological modulator accelerates the response time of topological photonic devices from the microsecond order to the picosecond order and provides an essential foundation for the implementation of large-scale lithium niobate photonic integrated circuits.
Screening and Analysis of Key Transcription Factors of Yili Goose Sperm Motility miRNAs-mRNAs
Authors: Wu Yingping , Zhang Lihua , Li Haiying , Zhao Xiaoyu , Ding Yawen , Yao Yingying , Wang Ling 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background:The study was conducted to find out the candidate microRNA (miRNA) and genes that regulate the sperm motility of Yili goose through small RNA sequencing of testicular tissue of Yili goose, and provide a theoretical basis for the study of the regulation mechanism of sperm motility of Yili goose gander.
Results:In this study, five male geese with high sperm motility and five male geese with low sperm motility were slaughtered to obtain their testis tissues for small RNA sequencing, and biological information methods were used for data analysis. The results showed that a total of 1575 known miRNAs and 68 novel miRNAs were identified in the testis tissue of Yili goose, and 71 differentially expressed miRNAs and 660 differentially expressed genes were screened. GO functional analysis showed that miRNAs target genes were mainly involved in terms such as binding, kinase activity, structural constituent of cytoskeleton and intermediate filament cytoskeleton. KEGG functional analysis showed that miRNAs target genes were significantly enriched in arginine and proline metabolism, glycolysis / gluconeogenesis, fructose and mannose metabolism and beta-Alanine metabolism and other pathways. miRNAs-mRNAs interaction network suggests cfa-miR-140/gga-miR-140-3p/ola-miR-140-3p-NKAIN3, cfa-let-7d-BTG1 and dre-miR-145-5p/mmu-miR -145a-5p-Clec2e may play an important role in testis development and spermatogenesis.
Conclusions:The results of this study suggest that the sperm motility of Yili goose may be regulated by different miRNAs, and the target genes are significantly enriched in pathways related to sperm metabolism, indicating that miRNAs affect the sperm motility of Yili goose by regulating the metabolic process of sperm and the expression of related genes. This study can provide a reference for revealing the regulation mechanism of Yili goose sperm motility at the molecular level.
Kriging Data with Measurement Error: A Review and a Generalized Approach
Authors: Miguel-Silva Victor , Costa João Felipe , Deutsch Clayton V. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Samples used in the mining industry are affected by sampling and analytical errors. An approach called filtered kriging with parametric error (FKPE) is proposed. FKPE is defined by the spatial continuity model of the underlying process of interest and the error associated with any number of subgroups of samples with similar behaviour. The proposed method overcomes the limitations of available methods as it deals with correlated grades, non-stationary errors, and errors correlated among samples. FKPE is mathematically compared to different methods and then illustrated in a synthetic example. Results show that FKPE is more general than available techniques and leads to the same results as standardized co-kriging in the known sampling error. FKPE does not require defining a linear model of co-regionalization.
Serious Illness Communication Skills Training for Emergency Physicians and Advanced Practice Providers: A Multi-Method Assessment of the Reach and Effectiveness of the Intervention
Authors: Adeyemi Oluwaseun , Ginsburg Alexander D. , Kaur Regina , Cuthel Allison , Zhao Nicole , Siman Nina , DrPH Keith Goldfeld , Emlet Lillian Liang , DiMaggio Charles , Yamarik Rebecca , Bouillon-Minois Jean-Baptiste , Chodosh Joshua , Grudzen Corita R. , Investigators The PRIM-ER 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background EM Talk is a communication skills training program designed to improve emergency providers’ serious illness conversational skills. Using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, this study aims to assess the reach of EM Talk and its effectiveness. Methods EM Talk is one of the components of Primary Palliative Care for Emergency Medicine (EM) intervention. It consisted of one 4-hour training session during which professional actors used role-plays and active learning to train providers to deliver serious/bad news, express empathy, explore patients’ goals, and formulate care plans. After the training, emergency providers filled out an optional post-intervention survey, which included course reflections. Using a multi-method analytical approach, we analyzed the reach of the intervention quantitatively and the effectiveness of the intervention qualitatively using conceptual content analysis of open-ended responses. Results A total of 879 out of 1,029 (85%) EM providers across 33 emergency departments completed the EM Talk training, with the training rate ranging from 63–100%. From the 326 reflections, we identified meaning units across the thematic domains of improved knowledge, attitude, and practice. The main subthemes across the three domains were the acquisition of discussion tips and tricks, improved attitude toward engaging qualifying patients in serious illness (SI) conversations, and commitment to using these learned skills in clinical practice. Conclusion Effectively engaging qualifying patients in serious illness conversations requires appropriate communication skills. EM Talk has the potential to improve emergency providers’ knowledge, attitude, and practice of SI communication skills.Trial registration:NCT03424109
Influence of SiC microparticles and multi-pass FSW on weld quality of the AA6082 and AA5083 dissimilar joints
Authors: JAIN SUMIT , MISHRA R. S. , MEHDI HUSAIN 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the current research, the influence of multi-pass (one, two and three passes) of friction stir welding and SiC microparticles on the tensile strength, microhardness and %strain of dissimilar reinforced joints of AA6082 and AA5083 was examined. Tool rotating speed of 900 rpm, transverse speed of 45 mm/min, tool tilt angle of 2º and 8% volume percentage of SiC microparticles were considered as constant parameters for multi-pass FSW. The finding demonstrated that increasing the number of FSW passes from one to three augmented the dispersion pattern of Sic microparticles. The grain refinement of multi-pass reinforced joints was achieved by the pinning effect of SiC microparticles and dynamic recrystallization. The three-passes FSWed reinforced joint exhibited the highest tensile strength (247.17 MPa), %stain (13.1%) and microhardness (126.6 HV) due to the higher grain refinement.
Auto-amplification and Spatial Propagation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
Authors: Deng Pan , Xu Alec , Grin Peter , Matthews Kerryn , Duffy Simon , Ma Hongshen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The release of cellular DNA as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) plays a pivotal role in the immune response by entrapping and killing pathogens. NET release occurs at a greater frequency within neutrophil clusters and swarms, indicating a potential for collective behaviour. However, little is known about how dense clustering of cells influences the frequency of NET release. Using an image-based assay for NETosis within nanowells, we observed that the frequency of NETosis correlated with the number of cells within the nanowell. Upon co-incubation of NETosis-induced cells with naïve neutrophils, we observed that NET release was induced in naïve cells in a cell density-dependent manner, which was potentiated by NET DNA. By embedding NETosis-induced cells within plaques, we characterized the propagation of NETosis in naïve neutrophils. NET release in naïve neutrophils was enhanced over time but remained spatially restricted to the periphery of the plaque. Together, we show that NETosis is an auto-amplified process but that the spatial propagation of NET release is strictly regulated.