bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recoater crashes during powder bed fusion of metal with laser beam: simulative prediction of interference and experimental evaluation of resulting part quality
Authors: Brenner Stefan , Moser Martin , Strauß Lea , Nedeljkovic-Groha Vesna , Löwisch Günther 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn powder bed fusion of metal with laser beam (PBF-LB/M), repetitive melting and solidification of newly added layers lead to thermal stresses and distortions during part build-up. Particularly at critical component features such as unsupported overhangs, super-elevated edges pose a risk in terms of crashes with the recoating system during powder spreading. Damaged recoater lips lead to irregularities in the form of stripes in the powder bed. These local inhomogeneities cause lack-of-fusion porosity and geometric defects on the part surface. However, quantitative information on important quality aspects, such as tensile properties, dimensional accuracy, roughness, and hardness of parts printed under irregular powder bed conditions is scarce. Here, we show that samples from build jobs with recoater crashes maintain their elastic tensile properties and hardness, but lose elongation at break. Finite-element simulations of in-process distortions are used to design an artifact that intentionally damages the silicone rubber lip of the recoater but does not cause machine breakdown. The lowest mean yield strength of the damage-affected samples is 243 MPa, which is still within the material data sheet limits for AlSi10Mg. Therefore, recoater crashes do not necessarily result in rejects, but users must consider the likely presence of porosity.
A fast parallel tensor decomposition with optimal stochastic gradient descent: an application in structural damage identification
Authors: Anaissi Ali , Suleiman Basem , Alyassine Widad , Zandavi Seid Miad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStructural health monitoring (SHM) provides an economic approach which aims to enhance understanding the behavior of structures by continuously collecting data through multiple networked sensors attached to the structure. These data are then utilized to gain insight into the health of a structure and make timely and economic decisions about its maintenance. The generated SHM sensing data are non-stationary and exist in a correlated multi-way form which makes the batch/off-line learning and standard two-way matrix analysis unable to capture all of these correlations and relationships. In this sense, the online tensor data analysis has become an essential tool for capturing underlying structures in higher-order datasets stored in a tensor $${\mathcal {X}} \in {\mathbb {R}} ^{I_1 \times \cdots \times I_N} $$

X
∈

R

I
1

×
⋯
×

I
N

. The CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition has been extensively studied and applied to approximate X by N loading matrices $$A(1),\ldots ,A(N)$$

A
(
1
)
,
…
,
A
(
N
)

where N represents the order of the tensor. We propose a novel algorithm, FP-CPD, to parallelize the CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition of a tensor $${\mathcal {X}} \in {\mathbb {R}} ^{I_1 \times \cdots \times I_N} $$

X
∈

R

I
1

×
⋯
×

I
N

. Our approach is based on stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm which allows us to parallelize the learning process, and it is very useful in online setting since it updates $${\mathcal {X}}^{t+1}$$

X

t
+
1

in one single step. Our SGD algorithm is augmented with Nesterov’s accelerated gradient and perturbation methods to accelerate and guarantee convergence. The experimental results using laboratory-based and real-life structural datasets indicate fast convergence and good scalability.
On strategies to help reduce contamination on public transit: a multilayer network approach
Authors: Gubert Fernanda R. , Santin Priscila , Fonseca Mauro , Munaretto Anelise , Silva Thiago H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn times of a global pandemic, public transit can be crucial to spreading viruses, especially in big cities. Many works have shown that the human infection risk could be extremely high due to the length of exposure time, transmission routes, and structural characteristics during public transportation, and this can result in the rapid spread of the infection. Vaccines are often part of strategies to reduce contagion; however, they can be scarce in pandemic settings. Considering real-world and large-scale traffic data, this work proposes using time-varying multilayer networks to identify the main critical places to be prioritized in interventions, such as vaccination campaigns, to help reduce contagion on public transit. We exemplify our strategy in different vaccination scenarios. First, when considering only critical bus stops as priority vaccination points, determined by our approach, we indicate that focusing on vaccination in these locations reduces the spread of infection using fewer doses than a random vaccination. In another experiment, we demonstrate the flexibility of our approach in identifying other critical points of interest, healthcare units in this case. Vaccination in these vital health units could also be a viable strategy to curb contagion using a predetermined number of doses. The approach proposed in this study is not limited to vaccination strategies. It also applies to other problems that share similar properties, even in several different contexts, such as optimization in public transit or exploring different points of interest to gather insights from other issues of interest.
What Drives Negative Investment-Cash Flow Sensitivities? Revenue Effect Versus Corporate Life-Cycle Dynamics
Authors: Lawrenz Jochen , Oberndorfer Julia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn order to identify the economic driver of negative investment-cash flow sensitivities (ICFS), we derive testable predictions from extending a theoretical investment model with endogenous financing costs (“revenue effect”) and contrast them with the corporate life-cycle hypothesis. We find that firms with (i) lower levels of long-term debt display stronger negative ICFS, and (ii) firms with more risky revenues invest more, which contradicts the predictions of the revenue effect. At the same time firms with strongly negative ICFS are (iii) smaller, (iv) younger and (v) have higher growth opportunities, which is consistent with the life-cycle hypothesis.
First molecular characterization of plum pox virus strains in stone fruits of Tuscany (Central Italy)
Authors: Pedrelli Athos , Panattoni Alessandra , Cotrozzi Lorenzo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPlum pox virus (PPV) a potyvirus in the family Potyviridae, is the etiologic agent of sharka, the worldwide most important and detrimental viral disease of stone fruits (genus Prunus). Although PPV was identified in Italy already in the 1970s and it has been largely reported in almost all Italian regions, a broad investigation and genetic characterization of PPV isolates was lacking in most of them, including Tuscany (Central Italy). To address this knowledge gap, in 2020 and 2021, field surveys were carried out in 80 commercial Tuscany orchards and a total of 690 leaf samples were collected from different Prunus species. PPV was identified in 25 and 12 peach and plum samples, respectively (more than 5% of tested samples), whereas no positive samples were reported in apricot. Eighteen of the 37 PPV positive samples showed mixed infections with other viruses and viroids, mostly Prunus necrotic ringspot virus in plum and peach latent mosaic viroid in peach. Molecular typing of PPV infected samples generated NIb/CP amplicons corresponding to PPV-Marcus (M) or PPV-Recombinant (Rec) strains. Furthermore, starting from the identification of eight PPV nucleotide sequences (among which five and two new PPV-M and PPV-Rec isolates, respectively), this study firstly identified the PPV-Mb subgroup in Italy, which was even prevalent than PPV-Ma. Finally, PPV-Rec isolates resulted phylogenetically close to Italian and Turkish isolates previously detected. Overall, the results here presented represent an important step to fill knowledge gaps about PPV in Tuscany, and we believe it may encourage other similar research to achieve more accurate data on PPV populations at both national and international levels.
Forward and Line-Based Cycle Bases for Periodic Timetabling
Authors: Masing Berenike , Lindner Niels , Ebert Patricia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe optimization of periodic timetables is an indispensable planning task in public transport. Although the periodic event scheduling problem (PESP) provides an elegant mathematical formulation of the periodic timetabling problem that led to many insights for primal heuristics, it is notoriously hard to solve to optimality. One reason is that for the standard mixed-integer linear programming formulations, linear programming relaxations are weak, and the integer variables are of pure technical nature and in general do not correlate with the objective value. While the first problem has been addressed by developing several families of cutting planes, we focus on the second aspect. We discuss integral forward cycle bases as a concept to compute improved dual bounds for PESP instances. To this end, we develop the theory of forward cycle bases on general digraphs. Specifically for the application of timetabling, we devise a generic procedure to construct line-based event-activity networks and give a simple recipe for an integral forward cycle basis on such networks. Finally, we analyze the 16 railway instances of the benchmark library PESPlib, match them to the line-based structure, and use forward cycle bases to compute better dual bounds for 14 out of the 16 instances.
Sirtuin 1 and Sirtuin 2 Plasma Concentrations in Patients with Ascending Aortic Dissection and Ascending Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Krekora Jan , Matuszewska-Brycht Oliwia , Sołek Julia , Fendler Wojciech , Fryczak Jolanta , Stępiński Piotr , Krejca Michał , Siejka Agnieszka , Retwiński Arkadiusz , Merks Piotr , Kaczmarek Daria , Drożdż Jarosław 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous studies explored multifactorial interactions and sirtuin expression in the aortic cells of laboratory rodents and humans. Human studies were limited due to the availability of biological material exclusively in the advanced stage of the disease. The role of sirtuins in aortic pathology has not been explained extensively therefore the aim of the study was to assess the plasma concentrations of human sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and human sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) in patients with ascending aortic dissection and ascending aortic aneurysm.

Material and methods
The study group included 43 adults (34 males and 9 females) aged 44–92 years with ascending aortic dissection (n = 10) or with ascending aortic aneurysm (n = 33). The SIRT1 and SIRT2 plasma concentrations in patients’ blood samples were determined, and the differences between groups were observed (p = 0.02 for SIRT1, p = 0.04 for SIRT2).

Results
Levels of both SIRT1 and SIRT2 were lower in patients with ascending aortic dissection (SIRT1: median = 6.5 ng/mL; SIRT2: median = 5.7 ng/mL) than in patients with ascending aortic aneurysm (SIRT1: median = 9.2 ng/mL; SIRT2: median = 7.8 ng/mL). The SIRT1 and SIRT2 cut-off levels differentiating both groups of patients were 6.7 ng/mL and 3.2 ng/mL, respectively.

Conclusions
The patients with ascending aortic dissection had lower plasma concentrations of SIRT1 and SIRT2 than the patients with ascending aortic aneurysm. Calculated cut-off values for both enzymes may be helpful in laboratory differentiation of ascending aortic dissection from ascending aortic aneurysm.
On Bloch’s map for torsion cycles over non-closed fields
Authors: Alexandrou Theodosis , Schreieder Stefan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We generalize Bloch’s map on torsion cycles from algebraically closed fields to arbitrary fields. While Bloch’s map over algebraically closed fields is injective for zero-cycles and for cycles of codimension at most two, we show that the generalization to arbitrary fields is only injective for cycles of codimension at most two but, in general, not for zero-cycles. Our result implies that Jannsen’s cycle class map in integral

$\ell $

-adic continuous étale cohomology is, in general, not injective on torsion zero-cycles over finitely generated fields. This answers a question of Scavia and Suzuki.
Spectral purity systems applied for laser-produced plasma extreme ultraviolet lithography sources: a review
Authors: Lin Nan , Chen Yunyi , Wei Xin , Yang Wenhe , Leng Yuxin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
With the development of high-volume manufacturing for very-large-scale integrated circuits, the purity of the light source in the extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) system needs to fulfil extreme requirements in order to avoid thermal effect, optical distortion and critical dimension errors caused by out-of-band radiations. This paper reviews the key technologies and developments of the spectral purity systems for both a free-standing system and a built-in system integrated with the collector. The main challenges and developing trends are also discussed, with a view towards practical applications for further improvement. Designing and manufacturing spectral purity systems for EUVL is not a single task; rather, it requires systematic considerations for all relevant modules. Moreover, the requirement of spectral purity filters drives the innovation in filtering technologies, optical micromachining and advanced metrology.
Massive ground ice of glacial meltwater origin in raised marine-deltaic sediments, Fosheim Peninsula, high Arctic Canada
Authors: Roy Cameron , Campbell-Heaton Kethra , Lacelle Denis , Pollard Wayne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the Canadian high Arctic, tabular massive ground ice is found extensively throughout the Eureka Sound Lowlands (ESL). This study evaluates the development of tabular massive ice in raised marine-deltaic sediments of the ESL based on new cryostratigraphic data from sites found between the coastline and the Holocene marine limit. At all sites, massive ice is found below laminated fine-grained marine sediments, and the upper contact between the ice and the overlying marine sediments is conformable and gradational. The concentration of major ions in the massive ice is orders of magnitude higher than expected for glacial ice, but Na/Cl molar ratios vary following elevation: the higher-elevation site has ratios similar to glacial ice, but sites at lower elevations have ratios closer to seawater. The δ18O values of the ice indicate that the main source of water is glacial meltwater but the δD-δ18O regression slope values suggest that the ice formed in an open system while receiving an influx that had a substantially different isotopic signature than the initial reservoir. The development of massive ice in the marine-deltaic sediments involves glacial meltwater recharging an aquifer beneath the Holocene marine sediments with a contribution of 1–10% of seawater.
Development and testing of an intervention to increase staff knowledge and confidence in responding to health anxiety in the context of cognitive decline: a pilot study
Authors: Colenutt Jessica , De Nicola Rita , Daniels Jo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground:Memory complaint in the absence of organic pathology is a common phenomenon accounting for up to one third of patients presenting to memory clinics. Health anxiety has been specifically linked to dementia worry and repeated presentations to the National Health Service (NHS). Providing reassurance that an individual does not have dementia appears ineffective in reducing presentations to primary and secondary care services.Aims:This study sought to evaluate and establish the effectiveness of a 1-hour pilot training workshop to enhance healthcare professionals’ knowledge and confidence to those with health anxiety around cognitive decline.Method:The one-session pilot training workshop was developed and informed by previous work and consultation with the 2Gether NHS Foundation Trust Memory Assessment Service staff. The training workshop was then evaluated by employing an idiosyncratic self-report questionnaire. Participants completed the questionnaire prior to and after the training workshop.Results:Pre- and post-training questionnaires revealed that the pilot training workshop was effective in increasing perceived knowledge and confidence in staff responding to patients presenting with health anxiety and co-occurring subjective memory complaints.Conclusions:The findings suggest that healthcare professionals may benefit from training in identifying and addressing health-anxious individuals with subjective memory complaints. This may have implications in the provision of psychologically informed care offered in a memory assessment service. Recommendations are made for further enhancing the effectiveness of staff training and promoting alternative service treatment pathways.
System Predictor: Grounding Size Estimator for Logic Programs under Answer Set Semantics
Authors: BRESNAHAN DANIEL , HIPPEN NICHOLAS , LIERLER YULIYA 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAnswer set programming is a declarative logic programming paradigm geared towards solving difficult combinatorial search problems. While different logic programs can encode the same problem, their performance may vary significantly. It is not always easy to identify which version of the program performs the best. We present the system predictor (and its algorithmic backend) for estimating the grounding size of programs, a metric that can influence a performance of a system processing a program. We evaluate the impact of predictor when used as a guide for rewritings produced by the answer set programming rewriting tools projector and lpopt. The results demonstrate potential to this approach.
Compact beamforming network for producing multiple orthogonal beams in a limited field of view phased array antenna
Authors: Sharifi Moghaddam Elham , Ahmadi Arash 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to the advent of high-throughput communication satellites in a geostationary orbit, the development of multiple beam phased array antenna (MBPAA) technology has become a necessity. This paper presents the design and implementation of the constituent unit of a beamforming network (BFN), which feeds an MBPAA with interleaved sub-arrays. The proposed BFN generates multiple orthogonal sub-beams with a very tiny angular distance between adjacent sub-beams in a limited field of view. The BFN consists of sub-array beamforming networks (SABFNs) with unequal number of beam ports and antenna ports, which can feed both the arrays lateral elements and the interleaved core sub-arrays for pattern shaping and side-lobe level reduction. A microwave circuit for this SABFN has been designed and fabricated in C-band. The microstrip lines have been printed on the two sides of a suspended substrate. This technique leads to size reduction of the circuit by twice a value compared to a conventional microstrip circuit. Measurements have been compared to simulations, and good conformity has been observed. The insertion loss in the path of beam ports to the antenna ports is 3.5 dB for a relative bandwidth of 10%.
Wealth and Child Mortality in the Nineteenth-Century United States: Evidence from Three Panels of American Couples, 1850–1880
Authors: Hacker J. David , Dribe Martin , Helgertz Jonas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith only a few exceptions, the historical study of individual-level correlates of child mortality in the United States has been limited to the period surrounding the turn of the twentieth century, when children ever born and children surviving data collected by the 1900 and 1910 censuses allow indirect estimation of child mortality. The recent release of linked census data, such as the IPUMS MLP datasets, allows a different type of indirect estimation over a longer period. By following couples across subsequent decennial censuses, it is possible to infer child mortality by measuring whether couples’ own children in the first census were still present in the second census. We focus our analysis on children aged 1–3 in the first of two linked censuses, who were less likely to be undercounted by the census than infants, and unlikely to be living apart from their parents in the second census. We estimate child mortality over the intervening decade and use OLS regression to correlate that mortality to the residence location and socioeconomic characteristics of their parents’ households. We limit our analysis to three panel datasets for married couples linked between the 1850–60, 1860–70, and 1870–80 censuses, when real estate and personal estate wealth data were collected. Our results indicate a significant negative relationship between wealth and child mortality across all regions of the United States and over the entire period examined.
Does Interacting with Women Encourage Civic and Prosocial Attitudes? Evidence from Simulated Contact Experiments in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait
Authors: Jones Calvert W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearch suggests that interacting with women may encourage civic and prosocial attitudes, yet findings to date have been limited to democracies notable for their egalitarian norms. Using simulated contact experiments under controlled conditions, this article tests hypotheses for the first time in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, arguably “hard cases” given persistent norms of patriarchy and gender segregation. Yet, despite stronger contexts for male dominance, results suggest that interacting with women may indeed steer Saudi and Kuwaiti men toward more civic and other-regarding orientations, including aspects of tolerance, egalitarianism, openness, and community rule-following. These findings add much-needed comparative perspective to experimental research on mixed-gender dynamics and align with broader work highlighting the benefits of diverse interactions for groups and nations.
Role of microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) in bipolar disorder pathophysiology and potential in lithium therapeutic mechanism
Authors: Salem Deepak , Fecek Ronald J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBipolar affective disorder (BPAD) are life-long disorders that account for significant morbidity in afflicted patients. The etiology of BPAD is complex, combining genetic and environmental factors to increase the risk of disease. Genetic studies have pointed toward cytoskeletal dysfunction as a potential molecular mechanism through which BPAD may arise and have implicated proteins that regulate the cytoskeleton as risk factors. Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) is a giant cytoskeletal crosslinking protein that can coordinate the different aspects of the mammalian cytoskeleton with a wide variety of actions. In this review, we seek to highlight the functions of MACF1 in the nervous system and the molecular mechanisms leading to BPAD pathogenesis. We also offer a brief perspective on MACF1 and the role it may be playing in lithium’s mechanism of action in treating BPAD.