bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological and computed tomography features of patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer harboring ALK rearrangement
Authors: Hou Xiaoming , Chen Han , Liu You , Gong Sandong , Zhudai Meizi , Shen Leilei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Although some studies have assessed the correlation between computed tomography (CT) features and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), few have focused on early-stage patients. The results of some previous studies are inconsistent and contradictory. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological and CT features of patients with early-stage NSCLC harboring ALK rearrangement.

Methods
This retrospective analysis included 65 patients with ALK rearrangement and 629 ALK-negative patients. All patients had surgically resected NSCLC and were diagnosed with stage IA or stage IIB NSCLC. Clinicopathological features and CT signs, including tumor size and density, consolidation tumor ratio (CTR), lesion location, round or irregular shape, lobulated or spiculated margins, air bronchograms, bubble-like lucency or cavities, and pleural retraction, were investigated according to different genotypes.

Results
The prevalence of ALK rearrangement in patients with early-stage NSCLC was 9.3% (65/694). Patients with ALK rearrangement were significantly younger than those without ALK rearrangement (P = 0.033). The frequency of moderate cell differentiation was significantly lower in tumors with ALK rearrangement than in those without ALK rearrangement (46.2% vs. 59.8%, P = 0.034). The frequency of the mucinous subtype was significantly higher in the ALK-positive group than in the ALK-negative group (13.8% vs. 5.4%, P = 0.007). No significant differences were found in any CT signs between the ALK-positive and ALK-negative groups.

Conclusions
Patients with ALK-positive lung cancer may have specific clinicopathological features, including younger age, lower frequency of moderate cell differentiation, and higher frequency of the mucinous type. CT features may not correlate with ALK rearrangement in early-stage lung cancer. Immunohistochemistry or next-generation sequencing is needed to further clarify the genomic mutation status.
Anti-apoptotic effect of menaquinone-7 protects the brain of ovariectomized rats
Authors: Mansour Sherif W. , Selim Soad Abdallah , Salama Sarah Ahmed , Hussein Samia , Abozaid Eman Reda 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Mood and memory deterioration occurs after ovariectomy (OVX) with various degrees and sometimes requires medical intervention. Menaquinone-7 (MK-7) is a potent isoform of vitamin K2 and has many effects on the bone and cardiovascular system. However, the effect of MK-7 on the brain and its mechanisms of action are still unclear. This study was performed to investigate the effect of MK-7 on mood and memory disorders following ovariectomy. Thirty-two female albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 8). Group I (control group) included sham-operated rats with sunflower oil intake. Group II (K2) included sham-operated rats with an intake of MK-7 dissolved in sunflower oil. Group III (K2 OVX) included ovariectomized rats with an intake of MK-7 dissolved in sunflower oil. Group IV(OVX) included ovariectomized rats with sunflower oil intake. Working memory, anxiety, depression, and sociability behaviors were investigated in all groups. Gene expression of BAX, BCL2, and p53 was measured in the hippocampus of all groups by real-time PCR. Besides, BAX/BCL2 ratio was calculated.

Results
Working memory, anxiety, depression, and sociability behaviors in the OVX rats showed a significant change compared to the sham-operated. However, the intake of MK-7 after the OVX resulted in significant improvement. Regarding hydrogen peroxide and MDA activity, they were significantly higher in the OVX group compared to the sham-operated groups, while in the K2OVX group, their activity showed a significant decrease in comparison with the OVX group. However, catalase and total antioxidant capacity were significantly lower in the OVX group compared to the sham-operated group, while in the k2OVX group, their activity showed a significant increase in comparison with the OVX group. The OVX group showed a significant elevation in the BAX, BAX/BCl2 ratio, and P53, but BCL2 was significantly reduced. However, the intake of MK-7 caused a significant improvement.

Conclusions
Our study showed that the OVX group showed significant physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes, which can be prevented by MK-7 intake.
An increase in the auditory steady-state response amplitudes after a period of listening to binaural beat stimuli in tinnitus patients: a pilot study
Authors: Sadeghijam Maryam , Moossavi Abdollah , Akbari Mahdi , Haghani Hamid , Yousefi Abbas , Mohsen Samer 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Tinnitus impact on persons’ lifestyle, function, and emotion is of significant importance that has been the leader for conducting an increasing amount of research in the field of tinnitus pathophysiology, assessment, and management. Binaural beats (BB) are one of acoustic neuromodulation approaches used in psychological disorders, such as distress and anxiety. Thus, we hypothesized that binaural beat could be helpful in the relief of tinnitus distress and annoyance.

Methods
Seventeen chronic tinnitus subjects participated in this quasi-experimental (quantitative research) study. In this study, the effect of binaural beat stimuli was evaluated subjectively using the tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) scores, the visual analog scale for loudness and annoyance (VAS_L, VAS_A), and objectively by the 40-Hz ASSR after 1 month of listening to binaural beats, and the correlation between these two assessments was evaluated.

Results
After 1 month of binaural beat stimuli listening, all of the subjective findings were significantly improved, and the amplitude of 40-Hz ASSR was increased in the right auditory and anterior frontal regions at 2000-Hz carrier frequency. Besides, there was a high correlation between the decreasing of the subjective scores with the rising of the amplitude of 40-Hz ASSR.

Conclusion
The use of binaural beat as an acoustic neuromodulation method for tinnitus management may be recommended according to the current study findings. However, more investigations on the effectiveness supported by data from controlled clinical trials and more correlations with ASSR alteration are highly suggested.
Automatic facies classification from acoustic image logs using deep neural networks
Authors: You Nan , Li Elita (Yunyue) , Cheng Arthur 
Published: February 2023

Borehole image logs greatly facilitate a detailed characterization of rock formations, especially for the highly heterogeneous and anisotropic carbonate rocks. However, interpreting image logs requires massive time and workforce and lacks consistency and repeatability because it relies heavily on a human interpreter’s expertise, experience, and alertness. Thus, we propose to train an end-to-end deep neural network (DNN) for instant and consistent facies classification of carbonate rocks from acoustic image logs and gamma-ray logs. The DNN is modified from the well-known U-Net for image segmentation. The training data are composed of two data sets: (1) manually labeled field data measured by different imaging tools from the geologically complex Brazilian presalt region and (2) noise-free synthetic data. Some short sections of the field data that are challenging for manual labeling due to entangled features and noise or low resolution are left unlabeled for a blind test after training. All labeled data are divided into a training set, a validation set, and a test set to avoid overfitting. We determine that the trained DNN achieves a 77% classification accuracy for the test set and provides reasonable predictions for the challenging unlabeled sets. It is a great achievement given the complexity and variability of the field data. Compared with manual classification, our DNN provides more consistent and higher-resolution predictions in a highly efficient manner and thus dramatically contributes to an automatic image log interpretation.
Virtual Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic for Patients With Hematologic Malignancies: A Single-Institution Experience
Authors: Suleman Adam , Vijenthira Abi , Liu Zhihui Amy , Truong Tran , Berlin Alejandro , Prica Anca , Rodin Danielle 
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE: The use of virtual care rapidly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic and has persisted as a routine method of care delivery. Much of the literature on virtual care in oncology has focused on solid tumors, and little is known about its application in malignant hematology. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of patients with hematologic malignancies at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre from October 2019 to March 2021 to determine the use of virtual care during this period, cost-savings associated with virtual visits, and patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction was assessed using the Your Voice Matters survey, a provincially administered survey to evaluate patient experience. RESULTS: Overall, 12.1% (1,122/9,295) of patients had a virtual visit during the study period (0% from October 2019 to February 2020, 36% from March to August 2020, and 30% from September 2020 to March 2021), of which 36% were in the lymphoma clinic and 46% were in the myeloma clinic. The mean two-way opportunity cost for an in-person visit was $168.00 CAD per person with public transit, and $120.40 CAD per person driving. Responses to the Your Voice Matters survey indicated that patients with a virtual visit reported that physical symptoms were discussed appropriately (mean 4.73/5), and were more likely to ask for a follow-up virtual visit compared with patients with in-person visits (mean 4.50/5 v 3.02/5, respectively; P < .01). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that virtual care may be a feasible and well-received tool for delivering care to a substantial proportion of patients with hematologic malignancies, while enabling substantial cost-savings to patients.
Conditional Recurrence-Free Survival After Surgical Resection of Meningioma
Authors: Tang Alan R. , Chotai Silky , Guidry Bradley S. , Sun Lili , Ye Fei , Kelly Patrick D. , McDermott Jake R. , Grisham Candace J. , Morone Peter J. , Thompson Reid C. , Chambless Lola B. 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Recurrence after meningioma resection warrants serial surveillance imaging, but little evidence guides the optimal time interval between imaging studies/surveillance duration.

OBJECTIVE:
To describe recurrence-free survival (RFS) after meningioma resection, conditioned to short-term RFS.

METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study for adults presenting for meningioma resection from 2000 to 2018 was conducted. The primary outcome was postoperative follow-up RFS. Conditional RFS Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 years, conditioned to 6-month and 12-month RFS. RFS probabilities conditioned to 6-month RFS were estimated in subgroups, stratified by World Health Organization grade, extent of resection, and need for postoperative radiation.

RESULTS:
In total, 723 patients were included. Median age at surgery was 57.4 years (IQR = 47.2-67.2). Median follow-up was 23.5 months (IQR = 12.3-47.8). Recurrence was observed in 90 patients (12%), with median time to recurrence of 14.4 months (IQR = 10.3-37.1). Conditioned to 6-month postoperative RFS, patients had 90.3% probability of remaining recurrence-free at 2 years and 69.4% at 10 years. Subgroup analysis conditioned to 6-month RFS demonstrated grade 1 meningiomas undergoing gross total resection (GTR) had 96.0% probability of RFS at 1 year and 82.8% at 5 years, whereas those undergoing non-GTR had 94.5% and 79.9% probability, respectively. RFS probability was 78.8% at 5 years for non-grade 1 meningiomas undergoing GTR, compared with 69.7% for non-grade 1 meningiomas undergoing non-GTR. Patients with non-grade 1 meningiomas undergoing upfront radiation had a 1-year RFS of 90.1% and 5-year RFS of 51.7%.

CONCLUSION:
Recurrence risk after meningioma resection after an initial recurrence-free period is reported, with high-risk subgroups identified. These results can inform objective shared decision-making for optimal follow-up.
Reversing Reserves
Authors: Pathak Parag A. , Rees-Jones Alex , Sönmez Tayfun 
Published: February 2023

Affirmative action policies are often implemented through reserve systems. In this study, we demonstrate that reserve systems face widespread misunderstanding by the public. This misunderstanding can lead individuals to support policies that ineffectively pursue their interests. To establish these claims, we present 1,013 participants in the Understanding America Study with choices between pairs of reserve systems. Participants are members of the group receiving affirmative action and are financially incentivized to choose the system that maximizes their chance of admission. Using this data, we apply a novel approach to identifying the rate of uptake of different decision rules used by participants. We find that participants rarely use a fully optimal decision rule. In contrast, we find that many choices—40% in our primary estimates—are rationalized by a nearly correct decision rule, with errors driven solely by failing to appreciate the importance of processing order. Failing to account for processing order causes individuals to fail to distinguish between two policies that achieve different degrees of affirmative action: policies that provide nonbinding minimum guarantees of the number of spaces allocated and policies that provide spaces over-and-above what would be allocated absent a reserve. Confusion about the importance of processing order helps to explain otherwise surprising decisions made in field applications of reserve systems. We discuss implications for managers and policy makers who are trying to implement reserve systems and who are accountable to the public. This paper was accepted by Axel Ockenfels, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: The authors thank the National Science Foundation and the Wharton Behavioral Laboratory for financial support. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4669 .
Assortment Planning for Recommendations at Checkout Under Inventory Constraints
Authors: Chen Xi , Ma Will , Simchi-Levi David , Xin Linwei 
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we consider a personalized assortment planning problem under inventory constraints, where each arriving customer type is defined by a primary item of interest. As long as that item is in stock, the customer adds it to the shopping cart, at which point the retailer can recommend to the customer an assortment of add-ons to go along with the primary item. This problem is motivated by the new “recommendation at checkout” systems that have been deployed at many online retailers, and it also serves as a framework that unifies many existing problems in online algorithms (e.g., personalized assortment planning, single-leg booking, and online matching with stochastic rewards). In our problem, add-on recommendation opportunities are eluded when primary items go out of stock, which poses additional challenges for the development of an online policy. We overcome these challenges by introducing the notion of an inventory protection level in expectation and derive an algorithm with a 1/4-competitive ratio guarantee under adversarial arrivals. Funding: This work was supported by the Adobe Data Science Research Award and the Alibaba Innovation Research Award. L. Xin was partly supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) [Award CMMI-1635160], X. Chen was supported by the NSF [CAREER Award IIS-1845444]. W. Ma and D. Simchi-Levi were supported by the Accenture and MIT Alliance in Business Analytics.
Aspheric Mirror Metrology for the HST Reflective Correctors
Authors: Kumler James J. , Gunnarsson Gunnar H. , Hull-Allen C. Gregory 
Published: February 2023

With the advent of advanced, automated fabrication techniques, the limiting factor in the production of complex aspheric space optics is increasing the ability to accurately measure and characterize optical surface parameters. In addition to increased accuracy, the metrology is required to keep pace with the shorter fabrication cycles of advanced figuring techniques such as computer-controlled polishing. As a result, there is an emphasis on:
1) Integrated testing approaches. Instruments such as interferometers must be interfaced with the polishing machine and the performance prediction software in order to minimize the time required to perform a full metrology cycle.
2) Redundancy in testing. Each surface parameter is measured in two independent, complementary test methods using unique test equipment. This minimizes the risk of systematic errors and reduces measurement uncertainty.
3) Overlapping measurement bandwidths. Test methods used to evaluate the surface errors are selected to ensure all spatial periods are adequately sampled and a complete characterization of the mirror surface is obtained.
A Novel Hankel Approximation Method for Arma Pole-Zero Estimation from Noisy Covariance Data*
Authors: Kung S.Y. , Arun K.S. 
Published: February 2023

Model based methods have been gaining popularity in high resolution spectral estimation, and have recently demonstrated a great deal of success. Such methods allow us to parameterize the spectrum in terms of a relatively small number of unknown parameters, and thus reduce the spectral estimation problem to that of first, selecting the appropriate model, and second, estimating its parameters. The most popular models used today, are
1) Autoregressive model (AR),
2) Sinusoids plus noise model (S+N) and
3) Autoregressive moving average model (ARMA)
ILL-Posedness and Precision in Object Field Reconstruction Problems
Authors: Root William L. 
Published: February 2023

We suppose σ(x), called the object field, is an unknown real or
complex-valued function on a set E. Our knowledge of σ is given by
observation, with some (small) error, of a real or complex-valued
function s(ξ) given by

s(ξ)=[Bσ](ξ)=∫
E
b(ξ,x)σ(x)dx, σ ε F

The sets E,F are subsets of Rn,
where normally n=1,2,3. It is desired to determine σ(x) as well as
possible; the result of this determination is denoted
σ^(x)
(in ideal circumstances σ^(x)=σ(x))
and is called an estimate of σ (the word estimate may or may not have
a statistical implication). An inversion problem is determined when
the following are specified: (1) the kernel b(ξ,x) of the integral
operator; (2) the region E on which σ(x) is defined; (3) the region F
over which the observation is made; (4) the set ∑ of functions σ that
are allowed. It is assumed that the situation is such that σ ε
L2 (E) (the space of square-integrable functions on E) and
s ε L2 (F). If ∑ is all of L2 (E), the problem
is an unconstrained linear inversion; if ∑ is not all of L2
(E) (∑ may be linear or nonlinear) it is a constrained linear
inversion.
Rectangular pulse Nd:YAG laser pumped Ti:Sapphire laser and optical parametric tunable laser
Authors: Liu Huang , Li Wang , Yu Zhao , Jinfeng Zhou , Yong Tian , Jing Liu 
Published: February 2023

We report a rectangular pulse Nd:YAG laser pumped Ti:Sapphire laser and optical parametric tunable laser, worked in high stability and high transform efficiency. The highest pulse energy is 125mj, the highest repetition rates is 30Hz. A microcomputer and single-chip computer is used for wavelength tuning, the tunable range of 532nm pumped Ti:Sapphire laser is from 680nm to 860nm; the tunable range of 355nm pumped BBO crystal optical parametric tunable laser is from 440nm to 2600nm.
Three high power rectangular laser pulses of 1064nm, 532nm and 355nm are offered by the multifunction wide band tunable laser respectively.
X-Ray Laser Experiment with Double Pass Device and Long-Recombing-Plasma Column
Authors: Jaegle P. , Carillon A. , Dhez P. , Gauthe B. , Gadi F. , Jamelon G. , Klisnick A. 
Published: February 2023

The results reported here, are time integrated measurements of soft X-ray amplification obtained with our new experimental set-up involving a single normal incidence multilayered mirror, put at the rear of a 60mm laser-plasma column. After a brief description of the experimental system, we report the first results obtained at 10.57nm by comparing intensities of single-pass ASE and of double-pass with the mirror. The target is a thin aluminum layer with a thickness optimizing the population inversion on lithium-like Al+10 ions. The pumping is produced by recombination mechanisms during the plasma cooling.
From the single to the double pass X-ray beam, the lines exhibit significant differences, both in peak intensities and widths. First, double-passing enhances the 10.57nm line intensity much more than mirror reflection would do without any amplification by the plasma. Secondly, and concomitantly, one observes a line width decreasing of about 30%.
This is supposed due to a core size decreasing of the zone emitting the line. To explain how the cross-section of the double pass beam can be reduced during propagation trough the plasma column we suggest to consider the focussing effects due to the gain coefficient profile.
Short Wavelength Lasers: Something New, Something Old
Authors: Hagelstein P. L. 
Published: February 2023

Significant amplification in the EUV and soft x-ray spectral regimes have been demonstrated recently at a number of laboratories using very high power ICF class lasers as pump sources. We discuss in this paper the possibility of developing short wavelength lasers on a smaller scale by scaling the electron collisional scheme in nickel-like ions to lower Z. Additionally, we examine population inversions in neodynium-like ions as an alternate route towards a small scale soft x-ray laser.
We consider specifically the design of a transient nickel-like molybdenum collisional laser based on a 4d – 4p transition near 194 Å. Such a laser could be driven by a 10 Joule Nd:glass pump laser system. In addition we consider the extension of the electron collisional scheme to neodynium-like U, in which the monopole-excited 5f – 5d transition occurs near 71 Å.
Six Degree Freedom Optical Fiber Accelerometer
Authors: Cazo Rogerio Moreira , Ribeiro Erik dos Reis , Nunes Marcelo Buonocore , Barbosa Carmem Lucia , de Siqueira Ferreira Jorge Luis , de Barros Caldas Tales , Santos Josemir Coelho dos , de Arruda Josiel Urbaninho 
Published: February 2023

Linear accelerations measurements are needed in many applications, as industry, military, aircrafts, space navigation, robotics and others. Actually, the most usual solutions to measure linear accelerations are three piezoelectric sensors used in orthogonal mounting, or MEM’s sensors chips.
Angular accelerations also are interesting to control and stabilize structures, like satellites and servo motors. It is possible to measure angular accelerations in two ways: direct measurement (using special sensors), or indirect measurements (obtaining acceleration of the angular velocity information) [1].
This work intends to present the structural and optical requirements of a six degree freedom opto-mechanical accelerometer based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG). With this sensor, it will be possible the direct measurement of three axial accelerations, and of three angular accelerations, with unlimited rotation angle, using one single proof mass. The FBG’s are used as strain sensors and sustaining elements of the proof mass in the structure. Simulations have demonstrated that cross influences of 10 parts per million at worst case are possible. This kind of accelerometer may be used in navigation control, structural monitoring, satellite stabilization, guidance control and harsh environments, for example.
The project requirements include the wavelength of FBG’s, pre-strain and length of active segment of optical fibers, dimensions, material and structure of inertial proof mass and position of the fibers in the sustaining structure