bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical study on cracking behavior and fracture failure mechanism of flawed rock materials under uniaxial compression
Authors: Niu Yong , Wang Jin‐Guo , Wang Xing‐Kai , Hu Yun‐Jin , Zhang Jian‐Zhi , Zhang Ran‐Ran , Hu Zhi‐Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe numerical approach is a vital means for evaluating the stability of flawed rocks. In this paper, the extended non‐ordinary state‐based peridynamics (NOSB‐PD) theory is employed to simulate the fracture process of rocks containing two pre‐existing flaws. Two stress criteria, including the maximum tensile stress criterion and the Mohr–Coulomb criterion, are implemented into the NOSB‐PD numerical method to respectively judge the tensile and shear failure of rock materials. The effects of inclination angles and ligament angles on the crack initiation and coalescence modes for flawed rocks are investigated based on the numerical results. The numerical results are in good agreement with the previous experimental results. The fracture mechanism of flawed rocks is revealed based on the evolutionary distribution characteristics of the maximum principal stress field and shear stress field obtained by the extended NOSB‐PD theory.
Quantification of Water Content and Speciation in Synthetic Rhyolitic Glasses: Optimising the Analytical Method of Confocal Raman Spectrometry
Authors: Tu Cong , Meng Zi‐Yue , Gao Xiao‐Ying , Zhang Li 
Published: March 2023

Quantification of water content in silicate glasses is of vital significance in understanding magma evolution and metamorphic anataxis. Here we provide a method for the determination of total dissolved water content and water speciation in silicate melts by confocal laser Raman spectrometry based on a set of hydrous rhyolitic glasses. A series of alumino‐silicate glasses with water contents from 0.33 to 9.05% m/m were synthesised in a piston cylinder apparatus. Synchrotron‐FTIR mapping shows that these glasses have relatively homogeneous distributions of dissolved water. Total water contents of the glasses were precisely measured by TC/EA‐MS and FTIR. Both external and internal calibration were established for the quantitative analysis of water content and water speciation in the silicate glasses based on excellent linear correlation between total dissolved water content and integrated area of the water Raman band. Furthermore, by decomposing the total water Raman bands into four Gaussians components, the relative concentration of water speciation (OH groups and molecules H2Om) dissolved in the glasses was determined with a similar trend to water speciation data derived from FTIR. We suggest that the relative concentration of water speciation can be estimated in rhyolitic glasses with 4–8% m/m H2O. Our work provides an accurate method to determine total water content and a potential tool to limit the relative concentration of water speciation dissolved in silicic glasses.
Physiological benefits associated with facial skincare: Well‐being from emotional perception to neuromodulation
Authors: Bouhout Sara , Aubert Arnaud , Vial Francis , Choquenet Benjamin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to demonstrate the specific nature of well‐being induced by a facial skincare by deciphering its physiological and psychological impacts out of a therapeutic context.MethodsObjective and subjective evaluations were performed on two groups of healthy participants. One group of 32 participants received 1‐h facial skincare, while the second group of 31 participants were subjected to a resting condition during the same period. Electroencephalography, electrocardiography, electromyography, and respiratory rate measurements were assessed before and after both experimental conditions. Prosody and semantic analyses were also performed to evaluate the emotional perception in both groups.ResultsPhysiological relaxation was observed after both experimental sessions; however, the effect was higher after the facial skincare. The cerebral, cardiac, respiratory, and muscular relaxation induced by facial skincare was 42%, 13%, 12%, and 17% higher, respectively, than that induced by the resting condition. In addition, non‐verbal and verbal assessments showed that positive emotions were more markedly associated with the perception of facial skincare.ConclusionThe comparison between parameters recorded after a rest period allowed us to distinguish the physiological and psychological signature of facial skincare. Moreover, our results suggest an involvement of positive emotions in the physiological relaxation enhancement. All these observations contribute to the very scarce data available on the specific profile of well‐being associated with facial skincare.
Early inflammatory biomarkers and melanoma survival
Authors: Fortes Cristina , Mastroeni Simona , Zappalà Albina Rita , Passarelli Francesca , Ricci Francesco , Abeni Damiano , Michelozzi Paola 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have investigated the role of inflammatory markers in predicting cutaneous melanoma survival. The aim of the study was to identify, if any, early inflammatory markers in the prognosis of all stages of primary cutaneous melanoma.MethodsWe conducted a 10‐year cohort study among 2,141 melanoma patients from the same geographic area (Lazio) with primary cutaneous melanoma diagnosed between January 2005 and December 2013. In situ cutaneous melanoma was excluded from the analysis (N = 288), leaving 1,853 cases of invasive cutaneous melanoma. The following hematological markers were obtained from clinical records: white blood cells count (WBC), count and percentages of neutrophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and large unstained cells (LUC). Survival probability was estimated by Kaplan–Meier methods, and prognostic factors were evaluated by multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazards model).ResultsIn the multivariate analysis, high levels of NLR (>2.1 vs. ≤2.1, HR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.14–2.29, P = 0.007) and high levels of d‐NLR (>1.5 vs. ≤1.5, HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.16–2.35, P = 0.005) were independently associated with an increased risk of 10‐year melanoma mortality. However, when we stratified by Breslow thickness and clinical stage, we observed that NLR and d‐NLR were good markers of prognosis only for patients with Breslow thickness of 2.0 mm and more (NLR, HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.04–2.50; d‐NLR, HR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.09–2.62) or clinical stage II‐IV (NLR, HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.01–2.37; d‐NLR, HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.11–2.66), independent of other prognostic factors.ConclusionWe suggest that a combination of NLR and Breslow thickness may be a useful, cheap, and readily available prognostic marker for cutaneous melanoma survival.
The combined effect of cold plasma pretreatment and germination on nutritional quality and texture properties of brown rice cakes
Authors: Li Ren , Li Zhi‐Jiang , Wu Na‐Na , Tan Bin 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThis work evaluated the combined influence of cold plasma pretreatment and germination on phytic acid, GABA, γ‐oryzanol, phenolics, antioxidant activity, in vitro starch digestibility and texture characteristics of brown rice cakes. The contents of GABA, total γ‐oryzanol, total phenolics, total flavonoids, individual phenolic acid, individual flavonoid and antioxidant activity in germinated brown rice cake with cold plasma pretreatment (CGRC) were significantly higher than those in white rice cake (WRC) and brown rice cake (BRC), and the phytic acid content of CGRC was lower than that in BRC. Compared with WRC and BRC, CGRC had the highest content of resistant starch and the lowest starch in vitro digestibility. Additionally, the textural characteristics of CGRC were enhanced with lower hardness and higher elasticity compared to WRC and BRC. The combination of cold plasma pretreatment and germination may be the prospective approach for enhancing the nutritional quality and textural properties of brown rice cakes.
The image of nursing in the media: A scoping review
Authors: González Hildegart , Errasti‐Ibarrondo Begoña , Iraizoz‐Iraizoz Andrea , Choperena Ana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo systematically review the available evidence from research exploring the image of nurses in the media.BackgroundNurses have historically faced many challenges and have received media attention for such efforts. However, the image of nursing traditionally conveyed by media has failed to represent the real character and a positive image of the nursing profession.Review methodsFor this scoping literature review, a search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Dialnet to identify studies written in English, Spanish or Portuguese from the earliest date in the databases until February 2022. Four authors were involved in a two‐stage screening process. Data were subjected to quantitative content analysis. A decade‐by‐decade analysis was performed to track the evolution of the research.ResultsSixty studies were included. The analysis shows (1) an increasing interest in analysing the portrayal of nurses and nursing in media over time, especially from 2000 onwards; (2) a prevailing trend of focusing on one form of media when analysing the portrayal of nurses; (3) qualitative designs as the most frequent method for exploring the image of nursing; and (4) a predominantly negative image conveyed by media.ConclusionsThere is a notable body of scientific evidence about the image of nurses and nursing portrayed in media. The interest in analysing media depictions of nursing has a long history. The included studies’ samples showed heterogeneity, as they were obtained from different media, periods and countries.Implications for nursingThis scoping review is the first systematic review to provide a comprehensive map of what has been studied thus far regarding media depictions of nursing. It confirms the imperative need for nurses in different settings (academic, assistance or management fields) to maintain a proactive attitude towards addressing images of nursing and ensuring accurate representations.
Design and usability evaluation of a mobile‐based‐self‐management application for caregivers of children with severe burns
Authors: Toolaroud Parissa Bagheri , Nabovati Ehsan , Mobayen Mohammadreza , Akbari Hossein , Feizkhah Alireza , Farrahi Razieh , Jeddi Fatemeh Rangraz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPaediatric burns are a major public health issue because of long‐term physical, psychological and social consequences and the high cost of treatment. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate a mobile‐based self‐management application for caregivers of children with severe burns. A participatory design technique was employed to develop the Burn application, which included three main phases: the determination of application requirements, the design and evaluation of the low‐fidelity prototype, and the design and evaluation of the high‐fidelity prototypes. In the first phase, application requirements were determined via validated paper questionnaires using the Delphi technique. In the second step, a low‐fidelity prototype was prepared using conceptual models and evaluated through a focus group with specialists. Seven specialists reviewed the application and evaluated how this prototype meets functional requirements and objectives. The third phase was performed in three stages. First, the high‐fidelity prototype was designed and developed by the JAVA programming language. Second, a cognitive walk‐through was carried out to show how users can interact with the mobile application and how it works. Third, this program was installed on the mobile phones of 28 caregivers of burned children, eight IT experts, and two general surgeries, and the prototype's usability was evaluated. In the present study, most caregivers of children with burns stated that after discharge, they face problems regarding infection control and wound care (4.07) and how to perform physical activity (4.12). User registration, educational materials, caregiver‐clinician communication, chat box, and appointment booking, safe login were the most important characteristic of the Burn application. Mean usability evaluation scores were in the range of 7.92 ± 0.238 to 8.10 ± 0.103, which is considered at a “good” level. From the Burn program design experience, it can be concluded that co‐design with health care specialists can significantly support and meet the specialists' and patients' needs and ensure the program's usefulness. In addition, application evaluation by users involved and not involved in the application design process can help enhance usability.
Importance of fatty acid binding proteins in cellular function and organismal metabolism
Authors: Agellon Luis B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFatty acid binding proteins (Fabps) are small soluble proteins that are abundant in the cytosol. These proteins are known to bind a myriad of small hydrophobic molecules and have been postulated to serve a variety of roles, yet their precise functions have remained an enigma over half a century of study. Here, we consider recent findings, along with the cumulative findings contributed by many laboratories working on Fabps over the last half century, to synthesize a new outlook for what functions Fabps serve in cells and organisms. Collectively, the findings illustrate that Fabps function as versatile multi‐purpose devices serving as sensors, conveyors and modulators to enable cells to detect and handle a specific class of metabolites, and to adjust their metabolic capacity and efficiency.
Histological and histomorphometric study of human palatal mucosa: Implications for connective tissue graft harvesting
Authors: García‐Caballero Lucía , Gándara Marina , Cepeda‐Emiliani Alfonso , Gallego Rosalía , Gude Francisco , Suárez‐Quintanilla Juan , Ramos‐Barbosa Isabel , Blanco‐Carrión Juan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsTo analyse the histological structure and histomorphometric characteristics of human hard palatal mucosa in order to determine the donor site of choice for connective tissue grafts from a histological point of view.Materials and MethodsPalatal mucosa samples from six cadaver heads were harvested at four sites: incisal, premolar, molar and tuberosity. Histological and immunohistochemical techniques were performed, as was histomorphometric analysis.ResultsIn the current study, we found that the density and size of cells were higher in the superficial papillary layer, whereas the thickness of the collagen bundles increased in the reticular layer. Excluding the epithelium, the mean percentage of lamina propria (LP) and submucosa (SM) was 37% and 63%, respectively (p < .001). LP thickness showed similar values in the incisal, premolar and molar regions, and a significantly greater thickness in tuberosity (p < .001). The thickness of SM increased from incisal to premolar and molar, disappearing in the tuberosity (p < .001).ConclusionsAs dense connective tissue of LP is the tissue of choice for connective tissue grafts, the best donor site from a histological point of view is tuberosity because it is composed only of a thick LP without the presence of a loose submucosal layer.
Effects of substrate roughening on the swimming performance of Schizothorax wangchiachii (Fang, 1936) in the Heishui River: Implications for vertical slot fishway design
Authors: Song Yiqing , Xie Songguang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRe‐establishing the natural connectivity of rivers using fishways may mitigate the unfavourable effects of dam construction on riverine biodiversity and freshwater fish populations. Knowledge of the swimming performance of target species in specific regions is critical for designing fishways with a high passage efficiency. Substrate roughening with river stones of fishways is considered to improve fish swimming capacity by benefiting from reduced‐velocity zones with lower energetic costs. However, the effectiveness of rough substrates in energy metabolism is rarely tested. We investigated the effect of substrate roughening on the swimming capacity, oxygen consumption and behaviour of Schizothorax wangchiachii from the Heishui River in a flume‐type swimming respirometer. The results showed that substrate roughening improved critical and burst swimming speed by ~12.9% and ~15.0%, respectively, compared to the smooth substrate. Our results demonstrate that increased reduced‐velocity zones, lowered metabolic rate and tail‐beat frequency support our hypothesis that lower energetic costs improve fish swimming performance in rough substrate compared to smooth treatment. The traversable flow velocity model predicted that maximum traversable flow velocity and maximum ascent distance were higher over rough compared to smooth substrate fishways. Fishway substrate roughening may be a practical approach to improve fish swimming upstream for demersal riverine fish.
Sustainable postharvest processing methods for millets: A review on its value‐added products
Authors: Mahajan Monika , Singla Prabhjot , Sharma Sucheta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the era of climate change, where major crops like rice, wheat, maize are struggling to survive, millets (small seeded cereals), have been emerged as sustainable food sources to end hunger and poverty. They can grow well in harsh climatic conditions and being used as a major source of human food. They are better sources of proteins, fiber, minerals, carbohydrates, vitamins, essential amino acids, phytochemicals, and antioxidants than major cereals. The health beneficial properties of millets have challenged food engineers and technologists to mechanize the processes and to develop different value‐added products from them. Although millets are rich in nutrients but they need to be processed to remove antinutrient factors and to increase their nutrients availability. Various food processing methods like decortication/dehulling, milling, soaking, germination, malting, fermentation, puffing, and so forth are being employed these days for the millets to make them into the edible form and fit for human consumption. However, the nutrients and the functional properties of the grains get influenced by these food‐processing techniques. The present review endeavors to provide the insights into the nutritional and antinutritional characteristics of millets, various traditional and modern processing methods, which are being adopted to ease their processing and utilization in preparation of nutritious food products. The involvement of value‐added products of millets in our diets can ensure food and nutritional security.Practical applicationsThe processing of millets with sustainable thermal or nonthermal processing methods will not only make them fit for consumption but also enhance its nutritive value by reducing its antinutritional factors. The utilization of millets in different product development and the involvement of its value‐added products in our diets can ensure food and nutritional security.
The impact of family care visitation programme on patients and caregivers in the intensive care unit: A mixed methods study
Authors: Yoo Hye Jin , Shim JaeLan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsTo track changes in the haemodynamic and respiratory indicators of patients and evaluate families' caring experiences via the visitation programme in the intensive care unit (ICU).BackgroundAlthough most people recognise the importance of family care visitation programme in the ICU, objective research results on the effect on patients and caregivers are still insufficient.DesignMixed methods.MethodsIn this a quasi‐experimental investigation and qualitative study, after executing the programme with families of ICU patients in a general hospital in South Korea from June to July 2019, changes in haemodynamic and respiratory indicators for control (n = 28) and experimental groups (n = 28) were analysed; the experimental group families' experiences were analysed through in‐depth interviews; the qualitative study's reporting rigour was checked against the COREQ guidelines and TREND checklist for a quasi‐experimental study. Qualitative and quantitative data were examined using content analysis and repeated‐measures analysis of variance, respectively.ResultsThere was a significant change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the haemodynamic indicator, and the respiratory indicator in both groups increased slightly over time and then gradually stabilised; there were no significant differences or interactions between groups regarding time of systolic blood pressure. The respiratory rate significantly decreased only in the experimental group. There was a significant increase in oxygen saturation over time, as well as interactions between time and group and between groups. Four themes were extracted from families' experiences.ConclusionThe haemodynamic and respiratory indicators of the group using patient‐ and family‐centred care (PFCC) showed a stable effect on critically ill patients, which increased families' satisfaction. In future, interventions should encourage family participation in the ICU for successful PFCC.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings provided evidence for the importance of PFCC through changes in objective haemodynamic and respiratory indicators.
Job engagement trajectories: Their associations with leader–member exchange and their implications for employees
Authors: Tóth‐Király István , Gillet Nicolas , Inhaber Joseph , Houle Simon A. , Vandenberghe Christian , Morin Alexandre J. S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present study seeks to achieve a dynamic understanding of employees' job engagement trajectories, and of their time‐structured associations with leader–member exchange (LMX) and outcomes related to psychological adaptation (turnover intentions, emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction and life satisfaction). A sample of 285 employees was surveyed three times (6 months apart) over a 1‐year period. Results revealed that employees' global job engagement followed high and stable trajectories, their specific cognitive and emotional job engagement followed slightly decreasing trajectories, and their specific physical engagement displayed non‐linear trajectories characterized by an initial decrease followed by a slight increase. Specific LMX contribution and LMX professional respect were associated with positive fluctuations in global job engagement, whereas global LMX was associated with positive fluctuations in specific emotional engagement. Specific LMX loyalty and LMX affect (at Time 1 only) were associated with positive fluctuations in specific physical engagement, whereas global LMX was negatively associated with these fluctuations. Higher global job engagement and specific emotional engagement were associated with negative fluctuations in turnover intentions and emotional exhaustion and with positive fluctuations in job satisfaction. Higher specific physical engagement was associated with negative fluctuations in job satisfaction, whereas higher specific cognitive engagement was associated with lower life satisfaction.