bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stock market development and capital formation in selected African economies
Authors: Ayadi Olusegun Felix , Williams Johnnie 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThis study aims to explore the possibility that securities markets in selected African countries of Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa play a significant role in capital accumulation using panel data analysis. This is done by exploring the relationship between gross fixed capital formation on the one hand and financial market development indicators on the other hand. Thus, the study aims to examine if stock market size and liquidity are determinants of capital accumulation.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is based on annual times series from 1991 through 2017 spanning four African stock markets. The analysis utilizes the fixed-effect and random-effect econometric models. The Durbin–Wu–Hausman test is used to choose between the two models.FindingsThe key results indicate that stock market capitalization is a positive determinant of gross fixed capital formation. The market value traded and turnover have no relationship with capital formation. Therefore, the role of stock African stock markets in promoting capital accumulation and, subsequently, industrial growth in Africa is seriously questioned.Originality/valueOnly a handful of studies have examined the role of the African securities market in promoting capital accumulation. This study is unique in which it focuses on the leading stock markets in the four corners of Africa. The markets are from Egypt in the north, South Africa from the south, Nigeria from the west and Kenya from the east. These four markets account for a significant segment of all African markets.
Effects of product complexity on human learning in assembly and disassembly operations
Authors: Verna Elisa , Genta Gianfranco , Galetto Maurizio 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate and quantify the impact of product complexity, including architectural complexity, on operator learning, productivity and quality performance in both assembly and disassembly operations. This topic has not been extensively investigated in previous research.Design/methodology/approachAn extensive experimental campaign involving 84 operators was conducted to repeatedly assemble and disassemble six different products of varying complexity to construct productivity and quality learning curves. Data from the experiment were analysed using statistical methods.FindingsThe human learning factor of productivity increases superlinearly with the increasing architectural complexity of products, i.e. from centralised to distributed architectures, both in assembly and disassembly, regardless of the level of overall product complexity. On the other hand, the human learning factor of quality performance decreases superlinearly as the architectural complexity of products increases. The intrinsic characteristics of product architecture are the reasons for this difference in learning factor.Practical implicationsThe results of the study suggest that considering product complexity, particularly architectural complexity, in the design and planning of manufacturing processes can optimise operator learning, productivity and quality performance, and inform decisions about improving manufacturing operations.Originality/valueWhile previous research has focussed on the effects of complexity on process time and defect generation, this study is amongst the first to investigate and quantify the effects of product complexity, including architectural complexity, on operator learning using an extensive experimental campaign.
The role of social media in building trust, self-perceived creativity and satisfaction for millennial entrepreneurs
Authors: Hamid Rahmad Solling , Ukkas Imran , Goso Goso , Abror Abror , Anwar Suhardi M. , Munir Abdul Razak 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the role of social media in increasing trust, self-perceived creativity and millennial entrepreneurial satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical analysis was conducted using a sample of 385 millennial entrepreneurs that were recruited for online survey. After conducting reliability and validity tests, the data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results showed that the quality of social media information had a direct and indirect positive and significant effect on trust and satisfaction. Social media marketing activities had a direct and indirect positive and significant effect on trust and self-perceived creativity. System Quality of social media also has a significant direct influence on trust. However, there is no direct relationship to satisfaction. Finally, social media marketing activities have a significant direct effect on trust and satisfaction.Practical implicationsThis research can contribute to marketing experts and millennial entrepreneurs in improving the quality of advertising information and the credibility of social media used to support creativity, trust and satisfaction. In addition, marketing experts and millennial entrepreneurs with online-based communities should optimize their marketing activities on social media.Originality/valueThis study has shown a more comprehensive model of the relationship between information quality, system quality, social media marketing activities, self-perceived creativity, trust and satisfaction. This study also reveals a significant direct and indirect effect of social media marketing activities on satisfaction.
Hotel room access control: an NFC approach ecotourism framework
Authors: JosephNg P.S. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
This study aims to highlight that security and flexibilities remain the main points of contention in the cordiality business. This research points to planning a framework that empowers hotel users to get to the room using a mobile access key. Advancing secured facilities, mobile phone “Near Field Communication” (NFC) innovation as the entrance device by carrying out an application containing an imitated mobile key for explicit verification access is used.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed system is evaluated by triangulation of experimental, numerical and rational evaluation using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with Malaysian hotel guests and employees.

Findings
The discoveries with the hypothesis supported validated that the suggested solution can eliminate physical cards, boost protection and encourage a contactless ecosystem. Theoretical, management and societal contributions are discussed here.

Research limitations/implications
This experiment comes with the constraints that it was conducted in only two hotels and does not fully reflect the choices of a wider range of travellers. Secondly, the cost of existing NFC smart locks is still relatively high, and along with the development of technology, the price will decrease when supply exceeds demand.

Practical implications
To promote high-security attributes, NFC technology as the access system by implementing an application containing an emulated smart key for specific authentication access is used. The host-card emulation enables cost-effectiveness profit and initiating a defence system in the pandemic era.

Social implications
To promote high-security attributes, NFC technology is used as the access system by implementing an application containing an emulated smart key for specific authentication access. The host-card emulation enables cost-effectiveness profit and initiating a defence system in the pandemic era.

Originality/value
The novelty of this study comes from the use of commonly available smartphone NFC features that are yet to be applied in the tourism ecosystem. The research provokes the applied concept of mobile smartkeys.
Stairway to heaven or a placebo: the impact of lean leadership, through job demands, on hospital workers’ engagement and performance
Authors: van Kleeff Robert , van Harten Jasmijn , Knies Eva 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine to what extent the relationships between hospital workers’ perceptions of lean leadership behaviour, their engagement and the hospital unit’s perceived performance are mediated by job demands.

Design/methodology/approach
The data (n = 1,624) come from a lean implementation study in a Dutch hospital and are analysed using structural equation modelling in Mplus (v8.4).

Findings
The results confirm that lean leadership behaviour is related to employee engagement and hospital unit performance as perceived by employees, and these relationships are partially mediated through job demands. More specifically, the authors found that the type of job demand explains the direction of mediation effects. On the one hand, so-called challenging demands positively mediate the relationships between lean leadership behaviour and its outcomes. Conversely, hindering demands negatively mediates the relationship between lean leadership behaviour and perceived unit performance.

Practical implications
The authors recommend hospital organisations and human resources managers start by helping hospital leaders understand the underlying mechanisms that explain the effects of leadership on employees’ perceptions and, second, support their frontline leaders by providing training, coaching and feedback on how to influence job demands in a way that creates an optimal work environment for hospital employees.

Originality/value
The authors contribute to the literature by building upon insights from the job demands-resources model to explain the effects of lean leadership behaviour and by investigating the relevance of lean leadership in a hospital context, given the phenomenon’s strong roots in manufacturing.
Analyzing financial and economic development thresholds for carbon emission reduction: a dynamic panel regime-switching study across income levels
Authors: Yiadom Eric B. , Mensah Lord , Bokpin Godfred A. , Dziwornu Raymond K. 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThis research investigates the threshold effects of the interplay between finance, development and carbon emissions across 97 countries, including 50 low-income and 47 high-income countries, during the period from 1991 to 2019.Design/methodology/approachEmploying various econometric modeling techniques such as dynamic linear regression, dynamic panel threshold regression and in/out of sample splitting, this study analyzes the data obtained from the World Bank's world development indicators.FindingsThe results indicate that low-income countries require a minimum financial development threshold of 0.354 to effectively reduce carbon emissions. Conversely, high-income countries require a higher financial development threshold of 0.662 to mitigate finance-induced carbon emissions. These findings validate the presence of a finance-led Environmental Kuznet Curve (EKC). Furthermore, the study highlights those high-income countries exhibit greater environmental concern compared to their low-income counterparts. Additionally, a minimum GDP per capita of US$ 10,067 is necessary to facilitate economic development and subsequently reduce carbon emissions. Once GDP per capita surpasses this threshold, a rise in economic development by a certain percentage could lead to a 0.96% reduction in carbon emissions across all income levels.Originality/valueThis study provides a novel contribution by estimating practical financial and economic thresholds essential for reducing carbon emissions within countries at varying levels of development.
Factors affecting retailer social responsibility: a PLS-SEM approach in the context of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md. Farijul , Mofiz Uddin M.M. , Rahman Md. Mominur 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine the determinants of retailer social responsibility (RSR) in Old Dhaka City and their impact on RSR practices.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional design was used to collect primary data from 180 retailers through a questionnaire survey. The study used partial least squares structural equation modeling to analyze the data and examine the relationships among the determinants of RSR.

Findings
The study found that economic and ethical factors positively and significantly affect RSR practices, while social and environmental factors negatively but not significantly affect RSR practices. Cultural factors were also found to positively and significantly affect RSR practices.

Practical implications
This study provides insights for retailers and policymakers to enhance their RSR practices by considering economic, ethical and cultural factors. The findings also contribute to the existing literature on stakeholder theory by highlighting the importance of considering multiple stakeholders in RSR practices.

Originality/value
This study provides insights into the determinants of RSR in a unique setting in associating stakeholder theory and in Bangladesh, which has received limited attention in the literature on RSR.
Taking after a parent: Phenotypic resemblance and the professional familialisation of genomics
Authors: Hedgecoe Adam , Job Kathleen , Clarke Angus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article draws on 2 years’ worth of ethnographic observation of team meetings to explore decision‐making in an NHS clinical genomics service. The focus of discussions was on ambiguous genomic results known as VUS or Variants of Uncertain Significance, which may be pathogenic but which also may turn out to be benign. In examining decision‐making around such results, we note how, in contrast to much policy and promotional material in this area, clinicians in these meetings (clinical geneticists and genetic counsellors) place great emphasis on parental phenotypes and whether the parents of a patient share the symptoms and signs of the suspected condition. This information is then combined with the result of genomic tests to decide whether the variant a patient has is responsible for their condition. This article explores the way in which clinicians attempt to flexibly enrol parents into genomic explanations through informal diagnosis of their possible phenotypes and the way in which actually meeting parents allows some clinicians to trump explanations based on documentary or photographic data. The paper sheds light on the way that earlier scholarly understandings of such decisions (around, say dysmorphology) remain relevant and explores claims that laboratory tests overrule clinical decision‐making.
Endoscopic resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Authors: Cheng Bing Qian , Du Chen , Li Hui Kai , Chai Ning Li , Linghu En Qiang 
Published: August 2023

Surgical resection is regarded as the main modality for the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). With the advancement of endoscopic techniques and the introduction of super minimally invasive surgery (SMIS), endoscopic resection has been an alternative option to surgery. Recently, various endoscopic resection techniques have been used for the treatment of GISTs, including endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE), endoscopic full‐thickness resection (EFR), submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER), and laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS). Studies on the safety and efficacy of the endoscopic treatment of GISTs have emerged in recent years. Endoscopic resection techniques have demonstrated to be effective and safe for the treatment of GISTs. However, there is currently no consensus on the optimal follow‐up strategy and the appropriate cut‐off value of tumor size for endoscopic resection. In this review we discussed the indications, preoperative preparation, procedures, efficacy, safety, postoperative evaluation, follow‐up, and perspectives of endoscopic resection modalities for GISTs.
Development Cooperation and Dependency: An Analysis of Brazilian‐Spanish Cooperation in Latin America Between 2010 and 2018
Authors: Palacios‐Cívico Juan Carlos , Maestro‐Yarza Irene , Martí‐González Xavier 
Published: August 2023

Based on analysis of Brazilian‐Spanish cooperation in Latin America, this article aims to contribute to the discussion on whether South–South Cooperation (SSC) represents an alternative model with specific and differentiated objectives, or if it largely reproduces the constraints and interests traditionally associated with the North–South model, but with new institutions and actors. We start by analysing the main criticisms levelled at cooperation in the literature, emphasising the identification, review and comparison of the mechanisms of domination and dependency that derive from the bilateral and multilateral practices of traditional development cooperation. We then construct a synthetic dependency index to measure the ability of Spain and Brazil – as representative cases of North–South Cooperation (NSC) and SSC with Latin America – to influence the foreign trade, investment and foreign policy decisions of aid recipients, and to empirically contrast the lower level of verticality that much of the available literature assumes about SSC schemes. The empirical analysis suggests significant differences between NSC and SSC in terms of their ability to reproduce dependency patterns and validate the discourse that tends to identify the latter as an alternative cooperation model.
Full block or split block?—Comparison of two different autogenous block grafting techniques for alveolar ridge reconstruction
Authors: Mertens Christian , Büsch Christopher , Goldenbaum Konrad , Ristow Oliver , Hoffmann Jürgen , Wang Hom‐Lay , Hoffmann Korbinian Jochen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate radiographic bone gain after alveolar ridge augmentation with two different designs of autogenous block graft harvested from the mandible.Materials and MethodsAlveolar ridge defects were evaluated by preoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and grafted in a staged approach using intraoral block grafts. The ridge augmentation was either performed using the full‐block technique (group 1) or the split‐block technique (cortical plate with autogenous bone chips) (group 2). After 4 months of bone healing, a further CBCT scan was performed before implant placement. Horizontal and vertical bone gain were measured.ResultsIn this retrospective study, 91 patients were grafted with block grafts (36 patients with full‐block grafts; 55 patients with split‐block grafts) resulting in 171 block grafts in total. The mean horizontal bone gain was 3.37 ± 0.71 mm in group 1 and 5.79 ± 2.20 mm in group 2. A linear mixed‐effect model also showed a statistically significant group difference (p < 0.001, estimate: 3.455, 95% CI: [2.082–4.829]). The mean vertical bone gain was 2.85 ± 0.73 mm in group 1 and 7.60 ± 1.87 mm in group 2. A linear mixed‐effect model also showed a statistically significant group difference (p: 0.029, estimate: 3.126, 95% CI: [0.718–5.557]). Mean marginal bone level was 0.33 ± 0.37 mm (group 1) and 0.17 ± 0.29 mm (group 2).ConclusionThe split‐block technique resulted in a greater bone gain than the full‐block technique. This effect was observed in both the vertical and the horizontal dimensions.
A survey of treatment preferences of UK surgeons in the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease
Authors: Lee Matthew J. , Strong Emily B. , Lund Jon , Hind Dan , Brown Steven R. ,   the PITSTOP Management Group
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimPilonidal sinus is a common surgical condition which impacts a young and economically active population. There are limited data to guide treatment in this condition. The aim of this work was to assess current practice.MethodA survey was developed as part of the PITSTOP study. It included questions on volume of practice, treatment preferences and training. The survey was delivered to consultant surgeons with a UK practice through social media, specialty surgical societies and through PITSTOP sites. Descriptive statistics were reported.ResultsOf the 200 people who received a link to the questionnaire, 109 completed it (response rate 54.5%). Respondents treated a median of 15 patients per year, with 20% of these having recurrent disease. Estimates of recurrence were higher than reported in the literature and higher than in a survey 10 years ago. Nearly 50% of surgeons advocate nonsurgical treatment in some patients despite limited evidence. Two thirds practised interventions not favoured by guidelines, including excision and leave open and midline closure techniques. Invasive procedures tended to be favoured when minimally invasive procedures may be appropriate. Surgical training programmes were the key training setting for commonly offered procedures, with few other training opportunities reported. For some procedures, no formal training had been given.ConclusionThis survey highlights issues with quality in pilonidal surgery in the UK, with persistence of potentially outdated techniques, no consistent treatment escalation plan, a suggestion of under‐ or overtreatment of disease and a high perception of failure. This may relate to the current system of training and lack of evidence‐based guidance.
The influence of defaecating proctograms on clinical decision‐making in pelvic floor disorders
Authors: Gomes Leanora , Varghese Chris , Collinson Rowan J. , Hayes Julian L. , Parry Bryan R. , Milne David , Bissett Ian P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimDefaecating proctogram (DP) studies have become an integral part of the evaluation of patients with pelvic floor disorders. However, their impact on treatment decision‐making remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the concordance of decision‐making by colorectal surgeons and the role of the DP in this process.MethodFour colorectal surgeons were presented with online surveys containing the complete history, examination and investigations of 106 de‐identified pelvic floor patients who had received one of three treatment options: physiotherapy only, anterior Delorme's procedure or anterior mesh rectopexy. The survey assessed the management decisions made by each of the surgeons for the three treatments both before and after the addition of the DP to the diagnostic work‐up.ResultsAfter the addition of the DP results; treatment choice changed in 219 (52%) of 424 surgical decisions and interrater agreement improved significantly from κ = 0.26 to κ = 0.39. Three of the four surgeons reported a significant increase in confidence. Agreement with the actual treatments patients received increased from κ = 0.21 to κ = 0.28. Intra‐anal rectal prolapse on DP was a significant predictor of a decision to perform anterior mesh rectopexy.ConclusionThe DP improves interclinician agreement in the management of pelvic floor disorders and enhances the confidence in treatment decisions. Intra‐anal rectal prolapse was the most influential DP parameter in treatment decision‐making.