bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of land use and land cover changes in triggering soil losses in the SE Alentejo, Portugal
Authors: Roxo Maria José , Cerqueira Henrique Morgado , Calvo‐Cases Adolfo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study analyses and interprets the effects of historical and contemporary land use and cover changes (LULC) on soil erosion in the Serra de Mértola region, Portugal, by using the 58 years of measurements in 8 × 22 m erosion plots at the Vale Formoso Erosion Centre and employing methodologies including field observations, aerial image analysis and Landsat NDVI trend assessment. Land cover and management changes, influenced by agricultural policies since the early 20th century, notably during the wheat campaigns of the fascist regime, have exacerbated soil erosion, with the highest rates observed in vertical fallow (964 g m−2 yr−1), wheat (90 g m−2 yr−1) and horizontal fallow (66 g m−2 yr−1). These practices continue to be somewhat relevant today, as cereal production is still being subsidized. However, Quercus, Pines—introduced since agrarian reforms and Portugal's entry into the common agricultural policy (CAP)—and spontaneous vegetation from CAP's set‐aside policies and recent land abandonment trends show lower erosion rates, underlining vegetation's role in erosion protection. Using NDVI trend analysis, we distinguish between natural fluctuations and land cover changes impacts. Understanding these changes and how they relate to slope and valley floor dynamics, such as incision, aggradation or stabilization, is crucial for recognizing human influences on the earth's surface. Our research highlights sustainable land management's role in reducing soil erosion in desertification‐prone areas.
JSI‐124 inhibits cell proliferation and tumor growth by inducing autophagy and apoptosis in murine malignant mesothelioma
Authors: Zhang Chengke , Sun Qifeng , Zhao Jiangfeng , Jiang Ning , Hao Yingtao , Luo Junwen , Karim Saraf , Wu Licun , de Perrot Marc , Peng Chuanliang , Zhao Xiaogang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), mainly caused by asbestos exposure, has a poor prognosis and lacks effective treatment compared with other cancer types. The intracellular transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is overexpressed and hyperactivated in most human cancers. In this study, the role of STAT3 in murine MPM was examined. Inhibition of the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/STAT3 pathway with the selective inhibitor JSI‐124 has an antitumor effect in murine MPM. Specifically, we demonstrated that JSI‐124 inhibits murine MPM cell growth and induces apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Exposure of RN5 and AB12 cells to JSI‐124 resulted in apoptosis via the Bcl‐2 family of proteins. JSI‐124 triggered autophagosome formation, accumulation, and conversion of LC3I to LC3II. Autophagy inhibitors, Chloroquine (CQ) and Bafilomycin A1 (Baf‐A1), inhibited autophagy and sensitized RN5 and AB12 cells to JSI‐124‐induced apoptosis. Our data indicate that JSI‐124 is a promising therapeutic agent for MPM treatment.
Goal setting in physiotherapy‐led adult musculoskeletal care: A scoping review
Authors: Gayton Jonathan , Monga Aastha 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionGoal setting is a key part of rehabilitation across various fields of physiotherapy. It is less clear what evidence exists to underpin its effectiveness and to practically guide its use within musculoskeletal physiotherapy.ObjectivesThis scoping review provides an overview of current research regarding goal setting in adult physiotherapy‐led musculoskeletal care with three aims: 1) to identify and analyse any gaps in the literature, 2) to identify relevant features of goal setting theory and 3) to make recommendations for future research. The principal research question was what does the literature tell us about the role of goal setting for adults over the age of 18 with musculoskeletal pain accessing outpatient physiotherapy services?Inclusion CriteriaThe population, concept and context framework was used to define the inclusion criteria. Key definitions were adults over the age of 18 with musculoskeletal conditions, goal setting, and physiotherapy‐led interventions.MethodsThis scoping review followed the guidance set out by the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus with Full Text, MEDLINE, American Psychological Association PsycInfo and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Protocols and Trials were searched using pre‐defined search criteria. Data were extracted from screened full‐text articles and presented in basic statistical and narrative form.Results41 articles were included in the review. Several broad themes and research methods were identified. The nature of the studies suggested that the clinical application of goal setting is complex and the depth of understanding is limited. Most studies suggested that goal setting is feasible and has a positive impact on outcomes. A common finding was a lack of clear definitions regarding goal setting terminology and approaches. Study samples were generally defined by biomedical categories, suggesting a pathoanatomical approach to researching a cognitive construct. Theoretical underpinning was lacking in many studies. No frameworks guiding goal setting in physiotherapy‐led musculoskeletal rehabilitation have been identified.ConclusionsGoal setting is a popular tool within musculoskeletal outpatient physiotherapy. Further research is required to clarify its efficacy and provide guidance on its role and application in clinical practice.
FEM‐based dual length‐scale simulation of hydrothermal ore‐forming systems involving convective flow in fluid‐saturated porous media
Authors: Zhao Chongbin , Liu Gaozhi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHydrothermal ore‐forming systems usually involve coupled processes among pore‐fluid flow, heat transfer, mass transport and chemical reactions in fluid‐saturated porous media. The finite element method (FEM) has provided a powerful tool to solve hydrothermal ore‐forming problems associated with pore‐fluid convective flow. Depending on different interests of research, a hydrothermal ore‐forming system may be simulated at two different length‐scale models, such as a regional (i.e., large length‐scale) model or a deposit (i.e., small length‐scale) model. However, there is an unsolved issue to guarantee the consistency between the applied boundary conditions to a deposit model and the predicted results, at exactly the same location as the boundary of the deposit model, from using the regional model. This paper proposes a FEM‐based dual length‐scale simulation procedure to address this issue. In the proposed procedure, a regional model of coarse mesh is first simulated by the FEM. Since a deposit model is located within the regional model, the applied boundary conditions to the deposit model of fine mesh can be determined from the simulation results of the regional model, so that the consistency can be guaranteed at the common boundary between the deposit model and the regional model. Main outcomes of this study have demonstrated that: (1) the proposed FEM‐based dual length‐scale simulation procedure is suitable and applicable for solving coupled problems involving pore‐fluid flow, heat transfer, mass transport and chemical reactions in fluid‐saturated porous media; (2) the proposed procedure is predictive because it is unnecessary to know the location of an ore deposit prior to the simulation of a hydrothermal ore‐forming system; (3) the boundary condition of a deposit model of fine mesh is consistent with the simulation results obtained from the regional model of coarse mesh, so that the reliability of the simulation results obtained from the deposit model can be ensured.
Expandable graphite embedded in flexible polymer surfaces for fire detection in multiple modes
Authors: Gao Xiping , Li Dongxue , Lu Min , Yao Dahu , Lu Chang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFire detection sensors are a necessary facility to ensure fire safety. The long fire response time and the false fire alarms caused by a single fire response mode are urgent problems for fire detection sensors. Here, a strategy of embedding expandable graphite (EG) in the sample surface of a styrene‐butadiene‐styrene block copolymer/intumescent flame retardant is used to endow the sample with fire detection in multiple modes and early warning functions, thus shortening the fire warning time and preventing the false fire alarms. The EG improved the flame retardancy of the samples from failing to V‐0 in the vertical burning rating test. The EG also gave the samples the ability to sense tensile and bending deformation. The negative temperature effect of the EG resistance gave the sample an early warning capability for fires with warning temperatures as low as 200°C. The rapid expansion of EG exposed to flame into graphite worms was used for the rapid response of the sample to fire (response time < 1 s). The Seebeck effect with response voltage of up to 0.3 V was used for fire detection of samples based on the temperature difference of EG on the sample surface caused by the flame. This study has potential application prospects for rapid fire warning in buildings.
Performance evaluation of polyethersulfone membranes modified with poly (acrylic acid‐co‐N‐vinyl pyrrolidone) grafted mesoporous carbon nitride for effective removal of cadmium(II) from wastewater
Authors: Jahani Zohreh , Mosaffa Elias , Oroujzadeh Maryam , Ghafuri Hossein 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIndustrial pollutants in water streams, such as heavy metals, are among the most important issues for ecosystem and human health. Membrane filtration is an appealing technique for the removal of these contaminants from wastewater. In this study, composite ultrafiltration polyethersulfone (PES) membranes were fabricated by implementing poly (acrylic acid‐co‐N‐vinyl pyrrolidone) grafted mesoporous carbon nitride (MCN) nanoparticles to improve the performance of membranes. Polymer grafted MCN was synthesized through (3‐methacryloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane and (3‐Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane treatment and subsequent in situ radical polymerization on MCN. Modified membranes exhibited significantly improved hydrophilicity; the contact angle decreased from 66° for the PES membrane to 36° for the modified membranes. In addition, the morphology, surface roughness, thermal stability, and mechanical stability of membranes were studied. The results revealed that the pure water flux of membranes was improved from 82.6 to 329. 8 L/m2 h by increasing the nano‐additive content. Moreover, the membranes showed a maximum rejection of 92.3% for Cd2+ metal ions. Studying the fouling resistance of membranes showed a significant increase in fouling ratio recovery from 42.77% to 87.64%. It was also found that the irreversible fouling values were remarkably reduced because of the higher hydrophilicity of fabricated composite membranes.
Brief case report: A case of FOLFIRI—Induced psychosis
Authors: Mukherji Shamik , Shoaib Humaira , Jimenez Xavier 
Published: August 2023

Key points

Psychosis may occur due to the FOLFIRI chemotherapy regimen.
An exhaustive approach to confounding elements of a patient's medical history should be taken to rule out competing causes of psychosis.
Both 5‐FU and Irinotecan may be implicated in psychosis, though which agent in particular is the cause is unclear.
Risperidone assisted in resolution of this patient's psychosis whilst Olanzapine and Quetiapine did not.
Both 5‐FU and Irinotecan have pharmacologic traits that may induce changes in mental status.
Sexually dimorphic morphology, feeding behavior and gene expression profiles in cotton aphid Aphis gossypii
Authors: Ji Jichao , Shi Qingyu , Zhang Kaixin , Chen Lulu , Zhu Xiangzhen , Li Dongyang , Gao Xueke , Niu Lin , Wang Li , Luo Junyu , Cui Jinjie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSexual dimorphism exists in most insects; however, less is known about sexual dimorphism in aphids. In this study, we identified sexually dimorphic differences in morphology, feeding behavior and gene expression between sexual females and males of the cotton aphid through electron microscopy, electrical penetration graph techniques and RNA sequencing.RESULTSAll males were alate with a slender reddish‐yellow body and abdominal yellow–black stripes, whereas all sexual females were apterous with a pudgy green body. Sensillum types on the antennae were identical between the two sexes, although males had more sensilla, possibly because the antennae are significantly longer in males compared with sexual females. In terms of feeding behavior, males spent more time probing mesophyll cells and the phloem sieve, and salivating into the phloem sieve. By contrast, sexual females spent more time ingesting xylem sap. In total, 510 and 724 genes were specifically expressed in sexual females and males, respectively, and were significantly enriched in signaling pathways related to reproduction for sexual females (e.g. ovarian steroidogenesis, oxytocin signaling pathway) and energy and flight for males (e.g. thermogenesis, insulin signaling pathway). Moreover, 8551 differentially expressed genes were identified between the two sexes, of which the 3720 upregulated genes in sexual females were mostly enriched in signaling pathways of metabolism and energy, such as thermogenesis and the citrate cycle.CONCLUSIONThis study provides insight into sexual dimorphism in aphids and lays a foundation for revealing the molecular mechanism underlying differences between the two sexes in cotton aphid. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Enhanced affine formation maneuver control using historical acceleration command
Authors: Yu Wei , Yi Peng , Zhu Bo , Liu Hao , Hu Tianjiang 
Published: August 2023

SummaryHow a network of multiple vehicles gets to a goal formation from an initial formation is as important as reaching the goal formation. Despite that stress matrix has been well applied to construct distributed affine formation control, most works have focused on the stabilization or stability issues and paid little attention to the performance regulation or the control parameterization issues. In this paper, we aim to design an error‐model based distributed control for the affine formation maneuver of second‐order multi‐agent systems (MASs), and to demonstrate the advantages of the control approach in performance tuning. The basic idea behind the control design is to force the actual error‐trajectory dynamics of each controlled follower to approximate that of an ideal second‐order error model. The designed controller possesses a notable feature that the historical acceleration command (HAC) is used to enhance system performance during the formation maneuvers. By a theory tool of neutral functional differential equations, we develop a delay‐independent condition on the design parameters, under which the system stability is robust to the actively introduced HAC. Furthermore, we derive an inequality describe the relationship between the ultimate bounds of tracking errors and the delay parameter. This paper presents a clear mechanism to tune the comprehensive performance of affine formation control. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the stability condition and the performance‐tuning mechanism, as well as the possible fragility of the system stability to the delay when the condition is not satisfied.
Resilient control for networked control systems with dynamic quantization and DoS attacks
Authors: Zhang Xiaodan , Xiao Feng , Wei Bo , Yu Mei , Liu Kaien 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, the resilient control for networked control systems in the presence of denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks is investigated in a sampled‐data and dynamic quantization scheme. A novel dynamic quantization strategy is designed for signal transmissions from encoding systems to decoding systems, in which the quantized states are transmitted through networks with a risk of DoS attacks. An estimator is introduced to the design of control laws. Some sufficient conditions in terms of quantization levels, DoS attack duration and frequencies are given for the asymptotic stability of networked control systems. Furthermore, an event‐triggered communication scheme is designed for signal transmissions in control channels to reduce network resource consumption. The Zeno behavior is excluded in the designed event‐triggered communication scheme. The quantization levels can be adaptively adjusted according to real‐time situations. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is illustrated by simulations.
Experimental research on interfacial bonding performance of high‐strength steel pipe and surrounding concrete/grout for assembled composite columns
Authors: Zhu Zhangfeng , Wang Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHigh‐strength steel pipe joints are proposed for assembled composite columns. The steel pipe extends into the upper and lower prefabricated columns and is anchored by poured concrete or grout to realize the connection of the prefabricated columns. Bonding performance of high‐strength steel pipe and surrounding concrete/grout is critical to the joint reliability. Steel pipe push‐out test was carried out, considering parameters of steel pipe section specification, bonding length, bonding material, and outer wall treatment of the steel pipe. Comparative analysis of measured load–displacement/slip curves and calculated bond strength were conducted. Bonding length of 600 mm could provide sufficient bond strength. Increasing bonding length could delay the slippage, but the bond strength decreased. High‐strength grout significantly increased the peak load size. The slenderness ratio and diameter–thickness ratio of the steel pipe had no obvious influence on the bonding performance. Steel pipe with D114*25 section obtained higher bonding strength with smaller ratio of bonding area to cross‐sectional area. Spiral ribs welded to the outer wall of the steel pipe could effectively improve the bonding strength and delay the interface slip. With easy construction and reliable performance, spiral ribs were recommended to be applied in prRactical projects.
Synergistic fire retardancy of melamine resin modified with pentaerythritol and ammonium polyphosphate in PP
Authors: Li Haoran , Chen Xiaoping , Sun Mingmei , Wu Hongzhi , Tang Linsheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe synergistic fire retardancy of modified melamine resin with pentaerythritol (MF‐PER, a novel green and effective triazine charring agent), and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) in polypropylene was investigated by UL‐94 test, LOI measurement, and cone calorimetry test. It is found that the synergism of MF‐PER is obviously better than pentaerythritol (PER). MF‐PER/APP imparts a fire retardancy mainly by the following mode: in burning process, MF‐PER, and APP are first pyrolyzed respectively into polyols and polyphosphoric acid, which is esterified to form phosphoric ester, and the inert gases make the molten residues foaming; When the temperature increases, and polyphosphoric acid is dehydrated to polymetaphosphoric acid, which dehydrates phosphoric ester to form an intumescent char layer, inducing a fire retardant effect by barrier effect. The graphitization degree of the cone calorimetry test residues of the FR‐PP with MF‐PER is higher than that with PER, which leads to a better synergism.Highlights
Melamine formaldehyde resins modified with pentaerythritol (MF‐PER) as a novel triazine charring agent was designed and synthesized.
MF‐PER is synthesized by solid phase method and using hexahydroxymethyl melamine (HMM) instead of cyanuric chloride as raw material, so the emission of three wastes in its synthesis process is very little, only a small amount of formaldehyde and water are produced.
MF‐PER has excellent synergistic fire retardancy with APP in polypropylene.
The highly efficient and environmentally benign charring agent show great potential for developing more efficient and eco‐friendly IFR.
Nonlinear flow of hybrid nanofluid with thermal radiation: A numerical investigation
Authors: Ahmad Bilal , Abbas Tasawar , Fatima Kiran , Duraihem Faisal Z. , Saleem S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this research, we investigate the mixed convection flow of hybrid nano fluid over nonlinear stretching sheet. By imposition of Cu‐Al2O3 as nanoparticles, water as base fluid. Impact of thermal radiation in the existence of magnetic field is considered. Similarity solution is obtained numerically by RK‐Fehlberg (RKF) Method. The velocity field is experimentally stronger due to the force of magnetic parameter. For the case of stretched and shrinkage aiding buoyancy force and opposite flow revealed the bifurcation solution. Velocity of hybrid nanofluid decreases in the presence of magnetic field, while temperature of nanofluid increases for thermal radiation.
Einleitung
Authors: Kehl Konstantin 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungMit dem vorliegenden Buch begeben wir uns auf eine gemeinsame Lernreise zu den politischen und ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen des Sozial- und Gesundheitswesens in der Schweiz. Es schlägt den Bogen von ausgewählten Grundbegriffen und Theorien der Demokratie und des politischen Systems über die für soziale Dienstleistungen und das Gesundheitssystem relevanten Institutionen und Kennzahlen bis hin zu Fragen sozialer Gerechtigkeit, politischer Mitwirkung sowie aktuellen Trends, welche die zukünftige Gestalt der Versorgungsinfrastruktur prägen werden. Das Buch ist für all jene gedacht, die sich Basiswissen zum Gesundheits- und Sozialwesen in der Schweiz aneignen möchten.
Energy Efficiency and Scalability of 5G Networks for IoT in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sachan Smriti , Sharma Rohit , Sehgal Amit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA widespread deployment of 5G technology with the Internet of Things (IoT) will be there in future years. The implementation of 5G technology perhaps becomes fortuitous for IoT as IoT has different variants of applications in the field of tracking data, and security systems. It is also applicable to applications like smart cities and smart buildings etc. Further, the introduction of the new frequency band in the present communication system gardened the interest of researchers in the area of optimization of energy in a mobile environment with dense traffic. This paper aims to represent the basics of 5G system along with IoT implementations. Also different techniques for energy efficiency are comparatively analyzed with their pros and cons for mobile wireless sensor networks.
A decision support system in precision medicine: contrastive multimodal learning for patient stratification
Authors: Yin Qing , Zhong Linda , Song Yunya , Bai Liang , Wang Zhihua , Li Chen , Xu Yida , Yang Xian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrecision medicine aims to provide personalized healthcare for patients by stratifying them into subgroups based on their health conditions, enabling the development of tailored medical management. Various decision support systems (DSSs) are increasingly developed in this field, where the performance is limited to their capability of handling big amounts of heterogeneous and high-dimensional electronic health records (EHRs). In this paper, we focus on developing a deep learning model for patient stratification that can identify and explain patient subgroups from multimodal EHRs. The primary challenge is to effectively align and unify heterogeneous information from various modalities, which includes both unstructured and structured data. Here, we develop a Contrastive Multimodal learning model for EHR (ConMEHR) based on topic modelling. In ConMEHR, modality-level and topic-level contrastive learning (CL) mechanisms are adopted to obtain a unified representation space and diversify patient subgroups, respectively. The performance of ConMEHR will be evaluated on two real-world EHR datasets and the results show that our model outperforms other baseline methods.