bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decannulation in Revision Pediatric Laryngotracheal Reconstruction
Authors: Leonard James A. , Blumenthal Daniel L. , Behzadpour Hengameh K. , Lawlor Claire M. , Preciado Diego 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate how patient characteristics and surgical techniques influence the rate of and time to decannulation after pediatric revision laryngotracheal reconstruction.MethodsThe study was a retrospective cohort investigation of children with a history of laryngotracheal stenosis treated between 2008 and 2021 with revision open airway surgery. The primary outcome evaluated was decannulation. The secondary outcome analyzed was time to decannulation.ResultsThirty‐nine children were included in the study with median age 49 months; 61.5% were male. Children undergoing single stage revision surgery were far more likely to be decannulated (OR 6.25, 95% CI 1.33–45.97, p = 0.0343). Rolling logistic regression of the probability of decannulation stratified by time between open surgeries demonstrated significantly decreased chance of decannulation with reoperation within 6 months. Children managed with anterior/posterior grafting compared with a single graft were observed to have an increased time to decannulation, (HR 0.365, 95% CI 0.148–0.899, p = 0.005, Log‐Rank).ConclusionWe observe that in the case of revision pediatric open airway surgery, chance of decannulation is improved when surgery is performed in a single stage as well as 6 months after the most recent procedure. Patients and families should be counseled that complex stenosis requiring double stage procedures or anterior/posterior grafting is associated with a decreased probability of decannulation and increased postoperative time with a tracheostomy, respectively.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:1926–1932, 2024
Extreme Ultra‐Wideband Optoelectronic Frequency‐Modulated Continuous‐Wave Terahertz Radar
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Shiva , Keil Andreas , Kocybik Michael , Schwenson Lauri Maximilian , Liebermeister Lars , Kohlhaas Robert , Globisch Björn , von Freymann Georg , Seewig Jörg , Friederich Fabian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA novel photonic terahertz measurement system based on a frequency‐modulated continuous‐wave (FMCW) radar approach is presented. In previous works, fast frequency modulation has been demonstrated in connection with a continuous wave terahertz spectroscopy setup based on the photomixing principle. In this paper, a terahertz radar based on both a photomixing transmitter and a photomixing receiver, in contrast to the rigid spectroscopy approach, is reported. Hereby, frequency modulation bandwidths of more than 1.65 THz in radar operation is achieved. This corresponds to an order of magnitude more than what is previously achieved by terahertz radar systems. At the same time, measurement rates can be achieved that are comparable with radar systems based on Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits (MMICs) according to the current state of the art. Within the scope of the work, two operating modes are realized, one with a measurement rate of about 560 Hz at 600 GHz modulation bandwidth and one with 200 Hz at 1.65 THz modulation bandwidth, which can be set within the spectrum from 50 GHz to about 4.5 THz. The possibility to adjust the operating range of the radar without necessary hardware adaptations is another unique feature of the presented system, which allows the operator to choose a suitable frequency band that corresponds best to a certain measurement scheme via software settings. Besides the potential for multi‐layer thickness inspections, the capabilities of this technique for terahertz imaging applications are presented.
Progress in Glucose‐Sensitive Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Li Yaxun , Feng Guoqin , Liu Jiajia , Yang Tingting , Hou Ruxia , Liu Junyu , Wang Xiangyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is one of the key diseases of clinical concern that can lead to a variety of serious complications and it is characterized by increased blood glucose levels. Glucose‐sensitive hydrogel is gaining attention as a smart hydrogel capable of sensing glucose molecules for diabetes and related complications. In order to better understand this hydrogel, this paper reviews its basic design principles and focuses on the therapeutic efficacy of this hydrogel in delivering insulin, drugs, and bioactives for diabetes and diabetes‐related complications. Its use as a biosensing device for glucose measurement in body fluids and dynamic monitoring of wounds is also presented, and its potential application in the treatment of diabetes and related diseases is highly summarized.
Rees algebras and generalized depth‐like conditions in prime characteristic
Authors: Costantini Alessandra , Maddox Kyle , Miller Lance Edward 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we address a question concerning nilpotent Frobenius actions on Rees algebras and associated graded rings. We prove a nilpotent analog of a theorem of Huneke for Cohen–Macaulay singularities. This is achieved by introducing a depth‐like invariant which captures as special cases Lyubeznik's F‐depth and the generalized F‐depth from Maddox–Miller and is related to the generalized depth with respect to an ideal. We also describe several properties of this new invariant and identify a class of regular elements for which weak F‐nilpotence deforms.
Matching digital companions with customers: The role of perceived similarity
Authors: Gelbrich Katja , Kerath Alina , Chun HaeEun Helen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDigital companions are an advanced form of digital agents that do not only provide advice and support but accompany people on their day‐to‐day customer journeys. This article sheds light on the psychological processes underlying customers’ responses to these digital companions (i.e., virtual friends or co‐consumers). We propose that framing them as matched with customers on goal‐relevant attributes (i.e., attributes related to customers’ consumption goals) fosters positive customer outcomes (i.e., consumption enjoyment and positive word‐of‐mouth), mediated by perceived similarity in these attributes. Importantly, in this matching context, humanlikeness serves as a boundary condition for perceived similarity to occur. Furthermore, the effect of perceived similarity on customer outcomes is driven by perceived connectedness. In Study 1, in the context of experiential learning, we identified shared interest and personality as goal‐relevant attributes underlying perceived similarity. With the manipulation of the match frame and humanlike versus artificial voice of the digital companion, Study 2 supports our propositions and highlights shared interest, but not personality, as the core driver. We provide recommendations on how to design and market digital companions to foster connection and favorable customer outcomes.
Three‐dimensional echo‐shifted EPI with simultaneous blip‐up and blip‐down acquisitions for correcting geometric distortion
Authors: Sun Kaibao , Chen Zhifeng , Dan Guangyu , Luo Qingfei , Yan Lirong , Liu Feng , Zhou Xiaohong Joe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeEPI with blip‐up/down acquisition (BUDA) can provide high‐quality images with minimal distortions by using two readout trains with opposing phase‐encoding gradients. Because of the need for two separate acquisitions, BUDA doubles the scan time and degrades the temporal resolution when compared to single‐shot EPI, presenting a major challenge for many applications, particularly fMRI. This study aims at overcoming this challenge by developing an echo‐shifted EPI BUDA (esEPI‐BUDA) technique to acquire both blip‐up and blip‐down datasets in a single shot.MethodsA 3D esEPI‐BUDA pulse sequence was designed by using an echo‐shifting strategy to produce two EPI readout trains. These readout trains produced a pair of k‐space datasets whose k‐space trajectories were interleaved with opposite phase‐encoding gradient directions. The two k‐space datasets were separately reconstructed using a 3D SENSE algorithm, from which time‐resolved B0‐field maps were derived using TOPUP in FSL and then input into a forward model of joint parallel imaging reconstruction to correct for geometric distortion. In addition, Hankel structured low‐rank constraint was incorporated into the reconstruction framework to improve image quality by mitigating the phase errors between the two interleaved k‐space datasets.ResultsThe 3D esEPI‐BUDA technique was demonstrated in a phantom and an fMRI study on healthy human subjects. Geometric distortions were effectively corrected in both phantom and human brain images. In the fMRI study, the visual activation volumes and their BOLD responses were comparable to those from conventional 3D echo‐planar images.ConclusionThe improved imaging efficiency and dynamic distortion correction capability afforded by 3D esEPI‐BUDA are expected to benefit many EPI applications.
Quality of life in individuals with knee osteoarthritis versus asymptomatic individuals
Authors: Obara Karen , Cardoso Jefferson R. , Reis Bianca M. , Matos Marcos A. , Kawano Marcio M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is characterised by joint degeneration and represents the leading cause of disability in old age. OA entails a personal burden, with suffering and reduced quality of life (QoL).ObjectiveTo compare the QoL of individuals with OA to that of asymptomatic individuals in order to determine the actual impact of OA on the affected population.MethodCross‐sectional study with a sample of 140 patients diagnosed with OA. Another 51 sex‐ and age‐matched asymptomatic individuals with no clinical signs of knee OA or lower limb osteoarticular symptoms for at least the preceding six months were recruited. Knee OA was stratified radiologically according to the Ahlbäck classification (1968). QoL was measured using the SF‐36 questionnaire (Medical Outcomes Study 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey). The participants were assigned to “osteoarthritis” (OG) or “asymptomatic” (AG) groups.ResultsThe OG presented greater body mass and BMI than the AG. Perceived QoL was worse for the OG than the AG across SF‐36 domains. In the comparison of the grades of OA degeneration, the group with Ahlbäck grades 4 and 5 (severe) perceived their QoL as poorer than those with grades 1, 2, and 3 (moderate). The grade of OA, older age, and BMI were shown to be strong independent predictors of poor perceived quality of life.ConclusionIndividuals with knee OA showed worse perceived QoL compared with asymptomatic individuals. The domains with the lowest scores were physical functioning and functional limitation. Quality of life was influenced by BMI, age, sex, and grade of osteoarthritis.
Exploring Biological Interactions: A New Pyrazoline as a Versatile Fluorescent Probe for Energy Transfer and Cell Staining Applications
Authors: Beşer Burcu Meryem , Yildirim Berat 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFluorescent dyes are used in biological systems, because they are highly sensitive and selective. In this work, we investigated the fluorescent probe properties of 2‐(5‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl) phenol (PYDP) in two media [sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and human serum albumin (HSA)]. Energy transfer parameters, photophysical and thermodynamic parameters of probe were determined. We investigated cytotoxicity of PYDP against colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines (HT‐29), breast cancer cell lines (MCF‐7) and 3T3‐L1 adipocytes (3T3 L1) cells. The cell staining property of PYDP was monitored using a confocal microscope. The results showed that PYDP binds to HSA, bindings are due to electrostatic/ionic interactions, and the binding process is spontaneous. PYDP was found to exhibit negligible cytotoxicity at high concentrations, and confocal microscope images showed that PYDP stained the cytoplasm of MCF‐7 cells.
Prediction of protein interactions is essential for studying biomolecular mechanisms
Authors: Vakser Ilya A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStructural characterization of protein interactions is essential for our ability to understand and modulate physiological processes. Computational approaches to modeling of protein complexes provide structural information that far exceeds capabilities of the existing experimental techniques. Protein structure prediction in general, and prediction of protein interactions in particular, has been revolutionized by the rapid progress in Deep Learning techniques. The work of Schweke et al. (Proteomics 2023, 23, 2200323) presents a community‐wide study of an important problem of distinguishing physiological protein–protein complexes/interfaces (experimentally determined or modeled) from non‐physiological ones. The authors designed and generated a large benchmark set of physiological and non‐physiological homodimeric complexes, and evaluated a large set of scoring functions, as well as AlphaFold predictions, on their ability to discriminate the non‐physiological interfaces. The problem of separating physiological interfaces from non‐physiological ones is very difficult, largely due to the lack of a clear distinction between the two categories in a crowded environment inside a living cell. Still, the ability to identify key physiologically significant interfaces in the variety of possible configurations of a protein–protein complex is important. The study presents a major data resource and methodological development in this important direction for molecular and cellular biology.
Low‐affinity insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 7 and its association with pulmonary arterial hypertension severity and survival
Authors: Torres Guillermo , Lancaster Andrew C. , Yang Jun , Griffiths Megan , Brandal Stephanie , Damico Rachel , Vaidya Dhananjay , Simpson Catherine E. , Martin Lisa J. , Pauciulo Michael W. , Nichols William C. , Ivy David D. , Austin Eric D. , Hassoun Paul M. , Everett Allen D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInsulin‐like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins (IGFBPs) are a family of growth factor modifiers, some of which are known to be independently associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) survival. IGF factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) is a unique low‐affinity IGFBP that, independent of IGF, stimulates prostacyclin production. This study proposed to establish associations between IGFBP7 and PAH severity and survival, using enrollment and longitudinal samples. Serum IGFBP7 levels were significantly elevated in patients with PAH compared to controls. After adjusting for age and sex, logarithmic increases in IGFBP7 were associated with a 20 m shorter six‐minute walk distance (6MWD; p < 0.001), a 2−3 mmHg higher mean right atrial pressure (p < 0.001 and 0.02), and a higher likelihood of a greater REVEAL 2.0 risk category placement (p < 0.001). Kaplan−Meier analysis demonstrated significantly decreased survival with IGFBP7 above the median and Cox multivariable analysis adjusted for age and sex, demonstrated higher serum IGFBP7 was an independent predictor of survival. Though the exact mechanism is still unknown, given IGFBP7's role as a prostacyclin stimulant, it has potential use as a therapeutic target for disease modulation.
Bumpless‐transfer‐based fault tolerant control for the quadcopter: Piecewise homogeneous emission probability approach
Authors: Cai Bo , Pei Dacheng 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThis paper investigates the fault‐tolerant control for quadcopter systems with the condition of reducing the bumps of system states. Allowing for the unavailable information of fault detection and identification (FDI) process in reality, a novel fault‐tolerant control scheme integrated with semi‐Markov stochastic process is considered, which stands in marked contrast to previous researches with the assumption of accurate FDI information. The emission probability satisfying piecewise homogeneous property is introduced to express the relationship between the obtained FDI information and real one, which covers more practical scenarios compared with existing ones. Afterwards, sufficient conditions on existence of the bumpless transfer controller reaching prescribed performance are obtained insuring that the quadcopter system is stable in the sense of mean square stability (MSS) and capable of dealing with the unavoidable bumps of states caused by stochastic switching dynamics. Eventually, simulations and comparative studies are performed to illustrate the advantages of the proposed strategy.
High Yield Synthesis of Green Pyrolytic Oil via Thermal Cracking of Ricinoleic Acid Methyl Ester
Authors: Yogesh Dhanuskar Sagarkumar , Modak Arindam , Mhatre Dwijraj , Naik Satya N. , Pant Kamal K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCastor oil has the potential to be a renewable resource for the synthesis of high‐value‐added chemicals. This work focuses on the thermal cracking of ricinoleic acid methyl esters (RAME), the major component of castor oil in a micro fixed bed reactor that was used to produce methyl undecenoate (MU) and heptaldehyde (HEP). MU and HEP have wide applications in polymers, cosmetics, and drug industries. The effect of flow rate, sweeping gas flow rate, preheating and reaction temperatures were examined briefly. Thermal cracking of RAME at a preheating temperature of 350 °C and reaction temperatures of 550 °C, produced high yields of MU and HEP at 46.7 and 27.3 wt.% respectively. The increase in sweep flow rate from 15 ml min−1 to 25 ml min−1 enhanced the production of pyrolytic oil yield to 92.6 wt.%. Density functional theory (DFT) was performed to examine the experimental results and distribution of the products involved in the dissociation of RAME. Assuming C−C bond scission followed by the cleavage of the OH bond, the reaction energy of MU and HEP thermal cracking is computed using DFT. This research may provide an alternative pathway to produce important chemicals from castor oil for upscaling and process development for the industry.
Construction of CeO2/PbFe12O19 Heterojunction Photocatalysts and their Preference for the Photodegradation of −C=O and −CONH2
Authors: Chen Xiangyu , Wang Shifa , Jin Yujia , Han Mengjun , Li Maoyuan , Gao Huajing , Yang Hua , Fang Leiming , Angadi. Jagadeesha , Abd El‐Rehim A. F. , Mossad Ali Atif , Li Dengfeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPreparation of CeO2/PbFe12O19 (CO/PFO) heterojunction photocatalysts with the different CO contents as visible‐light photocatalysts were synthesized by a polyacrylamide gel route combined with a low temperature sintering technique. A variety of characterization techniques have been used to confirm that the CO/PFO heterojunction photocatalysts contain only Ce, Pb, Fe and O elements, which also indicates that the special interfacial contact between CO and PFO is formed and there are a large number of oxygen vacancies and interfacial defects in CO/PFO heterojunction photocatalysts. The coupling of CO and PFO enhances the optical absorption coefficients of CO and PFO and slightly decreases the optical band gap (Eg) of the host lattice (PFO). Rhodamine B (RhB), phenol, bisphenol A (BPA) and oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC‐HCl) were used as target degradation pollutants to investigate the degradation preference of CO/PFO heterojunction photocatalysts. The degradation percentages of the RhB, Phenol, BPA and OTC‐HCl are 20.35 %, 38.77 %, 18.11 % and 75.32 %, respectively. The results showed that the hydroxyl radical played a dominant role in the degradation of pollutants by the CO/PFO heterojunction photocatalysts and preferred to degrade −C=O and −CONH2. This new idea will provide technical support for cutting functional groups of pollutants purposefully.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Formic Acid on PdM (M=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Ag) Alloy Nanoparticles with Low M Content: A Comparative Study
Authors: Gharib Azar , Arab Ali 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPdM (M=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Ag) alloy nanoparticles with low M content were prepared using a chemical method and characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), EDX mapping, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The electro‐oxidation of formic acid on these samples was investigated by linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, and chronoamperometry in H2SO4 solution. The PdAg electrocatalyst demonstrated superior electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of formic acid with the mass activity of 1980 mA mg−1Pd which was significantly higher than the mass activity of commercial Pd/C electrocatalysts. Additionally, the PdAg electrocatalyst had the best CO poisoning tolerance as well as the best stability in the considered solution.
Versatile Multi‐Wavelength Light‐Responsive Metal‐Organic Frameworks Micromotor through Porphyrin Metalation for Water Sterilization
Authors: Zhao Yu , Yuan Mengge , Yang Haowei , Li Jie , Ying Yulong , Li Jinhua , Wang Weihao , Wang Sheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTraditional metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) based micro/nanomotors (MOFtors) can achieve three‐dimensional (3D) motion mainly depending on noble metal (e.g., Pt), toxic fuels (e.g., hydrogen peroxide), and surfactants, or under external magnetic fields. In this study, light‐driven MOFtors are constructed based on PCN‐224(H) and regulated their photothermal and photochemical properties responding to the light of different wavelengths through porphyrin metalation. The resulting PCN‐224(Fe) MOFtors presented a strong 3D motion at a maximum speed of 1234.9 ± 367.5 µm s−1 under visible light due to the various gradient fields by the photothermal and photochemical effects. Such MOFtors exhibit excellent water sterilization performance. Under optimal conditions, the PCN‐224(Cu) MOFtors presented the best antibacterial performance of 99.4%, which improved by 23.4% compared to its static counterpart and 43.7% compared to static PCN‐224(H). The underlying mechanism demonstrates that metal doping could increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and result in a more positive surface charge under light, which are short‐distance effective sterilizing ingredients. Furthermore, the motion of MOFtors appears very important to extend the short‐distance effective sterilization and thus synergistically improve the antibacterial performance. This work provides a new idea for preparing and developing light‐driven MOFtors with multi‐responsive properties.
Experimental study and numerical analysis of the interfacial bonding performance of T‐shaped concrete‐filled steel tubes
Authors: Bai Ying‐hua , Xie Bo , Shen Kang , Yan Yan 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe effects of core concrete strength (C30, C40, and C50), steel tube length (600, 1000, and 1400 mm), and steel tube wall thickness (3, 4, and 5 mm) on the bonding performance of T‐shaped concrete‐filled steel tubes (CFSTs) were systematically investigated using push‐out test. Via the test, the patterns of the failure modes, load‐slip curves, stress‐slip curves, and distribution law of longitudinal strain were observed for the specimens, and the bond‐slip constitutive model for T‐shaped CFSTs was established. The test results indicate that the bond stress of T‐shaped CFSTs increases with the increase in concrete strength and tube wall thickness, while the steel tube length has less influence on the bond stress. In addition, non‐linear spring elements were used to simulate the interfacial bonding behavior based on the bond‐slip equation, which is in good agreement with the experimental curve results.