bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sitting sideways causes different femoral–tibial rotations in each knee
Authors: Kono Kenichi , Konda Shoji , Yamazaki Takaharu , Taketomi Shuji , Tamaki Masashi , Inui Hiroshi , Tanaka Sakae , Tomita Tetsuya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Asymmetrical kneeling motions, such as sitting sideways, do not require asymmetrical movements. Rotational analyses of each femur and tibia can help explain why rotational knee kinematics do not exhibit asymmetrical movement while sitting sideways. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the rotation of the femur and tibia in normal knees during sitting sideways.
Methods
Each volunteer sat sideways under fluoroscopy. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional registration techniques were used. After evaluating the femoral rotation angle relative to the tibia at each flexion angle, the femoral and tibial sole rotation angles at each flexion angle were compared between the ipsilateral and contralateral knees.
Results
Bilateral knees showed femoral external rotation relative to the tibia with flexion while sitting sideways. In the ipsilateral knees, the femurs exhibited an external rotation of 26.3 ± 8.0°, from 110° to 150° of flexion. Conversely, the tibia exhibited an external rotation of 12.2 ± 7.8°, from 110° to 150° of flexion. From 110° to 150° of flexion, the femoral external rotation was significantly greater than the tibial external rotation. In the contralateral knees, the femurs exhibited an internal rotation of 23.8 ± 6.3°, from 110° to 150° of flexion. In contrast, the tibia’s internal rotation (30.4 ± 8.8°, from 110° to 150° flexion) was significantly greater than the femoral internal rotation.
Conclusions
Although bilateral knees exhibited femoral external rotation relative to the tibia while sitting sideways, the ipsilateral and contralateral knees showed femoral and tibial sole rotations in opposite directions.
A pulmonary rehabilitation program is an effective strategy to improve forced vital capacity, muscle strength, and functional exercise capacity similarly in adults and older people with post-severe COVID-19 who required mechanical ventilation
Authors: Muñoz-Cofré Rodrigo , Valle María Fernanda , Marzuca-Nassr Gabriel Nasri , Valenzuela Jorge , Sol Mariano del , Canales Constanza Díaz , Lizana Pablo A. , Valenzuela-Aedo Fernando , Lizama-Pérez Rodrigo , Escobar-Cabello Máximo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
It is internationally known that our population is aging. At the same time, some patients with COVID-19, due to their symptoms, required mechanical ventilation (MV) and subsequent pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). This study aimed to compare the effects of a multimodal PR program “ADULT” versus “OLDER” people with COVID-19 who were on MV.
Methods
The intervention consisted of an 8-week hybrid PR program (2x week). Forced vital capacity (FVC) was measured at the beginning and end of PR, upper and lower limb strength was obtained through hand grip strength (HGS) and the sit-to-stand test (STST), respectively, and functional exercise capacity was measured with the 6-minute walking test (6MWT).
Results
The main results were an increase in the FVC in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.27), an increase in HGS in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.52), in the same way, the number of repetitions on the STST increased in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.55). Finally, the distance covered on the 6MWT increased in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.65).
Conclusions
The PR program is an effective strategy to improve FVC, muscle strength, and functional exercise capacity similarly in adults and older people with post severe COVID-19 who required MV.
Ethanol extract of Paridis rhizoma attenuates carrageenan-induced paw swelling of rats by inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors
Authors: Xiang Li , Huang Qinwan , Chen Tao , He Qingman , Yao Huan , Gao Yongxiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Context:
Inflammation has been identified as a key factor contributing to the development of numerous diseases. Several anti-inflammatory drugs have been developed to treat inflammation-related diseases. However, some of such drugs are associated with varying degrees of side effects. Therefore, it is imperative to develop new anti-inflammatory drugs with reduced side effects for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. Natural anti-inflammatory drugs have emerged as an important area of research in recent years. The study was to determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Paridis rhizoma extract (PRE) in rat models of acute inflammation induced by carrageenan and RAW264.7 cells models induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Materials and methods:
PRE was investigated using the carrageenan-induced paw edema rat model in vivo. Histopathology examined the extent of inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage. The effect of PRE on the levels of specific cytokines was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8 assay evaluated the cytotoxic effects of PRE on Raw264.7 cells. The mRNA expression levels of cytokines were quantified using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blot measured TNF-α, IL6, TLR4, p-P65, p-IKB, HO1, SOD1 and SOD2. Fluorescence measured the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Results:
PRE treatment reduced interstitial edema and structural damage in a dose-independent manner in vivo. PRE inhibited inflammatory responses in vivo and in vitro as evidenced by the decreased expression of inflammatory factors, production of ROS, and increased expression of SOD1, SOD2, and HO1. Moreover, PRE inhibited the activity of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-KB) pathway. These findings suggested that PRE reduced inflammation by inhibiting the activation of the NF-KB pathway.
conclusion:
PRE reduced LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells by inhibiting the NF-KB signaling pathway and ROS production. The anti-inflammatory activity and potential mechanism of PRE were demonstrated according to the results.
Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the ADH Gene Family in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
Authors: Wang Ruiqi , Du Chaofan , Gu Gang , Zhang Binghui , Lin Xiaolu , Chen Chengliang , Li Tong , Chen Rui , Xie Xiaofang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are the crucial enzymes involved in plant development, biotic and abiotic stresses. Tobacco is one of the most important model plants, which will be of great application significance to analyze the ADH gene family and expression profile under various stresses in tobacco.
Results
A total of 53 ADH genes were identified in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) genome and were grouped into 6 subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure (exon/intron) and protein motifs were highly conserved among the NtADH genes, especially the members within the same subfamily. A total of 5 gene pairs of tandem duplication, and 3 gene pairs of segmental duplication were identified based on the analysis of gene duplication events. Cis-regulatory elements of the NtADH promoters participated in cell development, plant hormones, environmental stress, and light responsiveness. Expression profile analysis showed that NtADH genes were widely expressed in different maturity tobacco leaves, as well as in leaves after topping, however, the expression patterns of different members appeared to be diversed. The qRT-PCR analysis of 13 NtADH genes confirmed their differential expression in response to the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum L. infection. Metabolomics analysis revealed that NtADH genes were primarily associated with carbohydrate metabolism, and moreover, four NtADH genes (NtADH20/24/48/51) were notably involved in the pathway of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism.
Conclusion
The genome-wide identification, evolutionary and expression analysis of NtADH genes have provided valuable insights into the role of these genes in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Our results have also laid a solid foundation for further functional study on ADH genes in tobacco, especially for the understanding of NtADHs under more stress conditions.
Common Inducing Factors of Ischemic Events Occurred in Pediatric with Ischemic Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Chen Yuanbing , Gao Qiongjue , Tang Miao , Liang Yinhua , Li Li , Liu Hongwei , Wang Junyu , Huang Jun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the inducing factors that cause ischemic events and summarize the clinical features between TIA and infarction in pediatrics with ischemic MMD.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted from September 2015 to September 2021 in-patients and out-patients admitted to Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.
Results: The results indicated that 74.1% (63/85) of patients had obvious inducing factors before the ischemic attack, among which fever accounted for 41.3% (26/63). TIA patients with obvious inducing factors accounted for 83.3% (25/30) cases, and cerebral infarction patients with obvious inducing factors accounted for 69.1% (38/55). The inducing factorof fever is significantly higher in patients with infarction than in those with TIA (p=0.0023). The inducing factors of crying (p=0.0006) and consumption of irritating foods (p=0.0018) are significantly higher in patients with TIA than infarction. The age was younger in patients with infarction than TIA (8.8 ± 0.7 vs 5.8 ± 0.5, p=0.0011). The infarctions were more common in patients with PCA involvement than in patients present with TIA (p=0.0044). Multivariate analysis revealed that crying (p= 0.002) was independently associated with TIA.
Conclusions: The occurrence of ischemic events in children with ischemic MMD tends to be associated with a clear inducing factor. Fever is more common in causing cerebral infarction, while crying and eating irritating foods are easy to cause TIA. Crying was identified as an independent risk factor for inducing TIA. The patients present with infarction are associated with younger age and PCA involvement in pediatric ischemic MMD.
Identification and validation of the ferroptosis-related cardiogenic stroke and atherosclerosis genes, CIRBP, CREB5, MAPK14, PEBP1, and PTGS2 and their association with pan-cancer and immune cells
Authors: Zhang Tianxiang , Cheng Ning , Shao Wei , Chen Mo , Liu Jinjiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background Cardioembolic stroke (CS) and atherosclerosis (AS) are closely linked diseases. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying their coexistence are not yet fully understood. This study sought to investigate the hub genes and pathways involved in the development of both diseases.Method CS (GSE58294) and AS (GSE20129) datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and a ferroptosis-related gene dataset was downloaded from the Ferroptosis Database (FRDB). Ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (FRDEGs) were analyzed using the R ‘edgeR’ and ‘limma’ packages. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia analyses were used to explore the functions of common FRDEGs. Two machine learning algorithms, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and Support Vector Machine Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE), were used to screen for overlapping FRDEGs in CS and AS. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were established using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database and visualized with Cytoscape. Hub genes were selected using the ‘cytoHubba’ plugin. A total of 69 and 39 FRDEGs were identified in CS and AS, respectively.Result The hub genes, CIRBP, CREB5, MAPK14, PEBP1, and PTGS2 were screened using multiple methods. The area under the curve was > 0.7 for both models constructed using the CS and AS datasets. In order to verify the prediction results, blood samples from healthy controls, CS patients and AS were collected for qRT-PCR, and the correlation between biomarkers and clinical features was further discussed. There was a high correlation between neutrophils and hub genes. Pathways relating to immune processes, including inflammation, cell migration, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, were highly related to CIRBP, CREB5, MAPK14, PEBP1, and PTGS2. Thus, these genes were defined as hub genes for both CS and AS.Conclusions Inflammation and immune regulation modulated by neutrophil infiltration were found to play a central role in the development of these diseases and may serve as targets for diagnosis and treatment. The findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of these CS and AS.
Green Tea Waste-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots: Efficient Degradation of RhB Dye and Selective Sensing of Cu2+
Authors: en Qurtul , ahmad Anees 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Herein, we have synthesized Carbon Quantum Dots (TCDs) by using hydrothermal method from green tea waste, a biomass-derived source with high fluorescent property and excellent solubility in water. The synthesis of TCDs was validated by using several characterization techniques such as HRTEM (High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy), UV-Vis spectroscopy, FL (Fluorescence) spectroscopy, XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy), and EDX (Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). The as prepared TCDs exhibit excellent stability at higher pH, and different concentration of salt. Furthermore, the TCDs have demonstrated a high quantum yield of 11.63%, which signifies their efficiency in emitting fluorescent light upon excitation. This high quantum yield is advantageous for the fluorescence-based sensing applications. In addition to their fluorescence properties, the TCDs have shown the capability to detect Cu2+ ions fluorometrically in a sensitive and selective manner without interference from other ions. This suggests their potential as a sensing platform for heavy metal ion detection, which is crucial for environmental monitoring and biomedical applications. Moreover, the TCDs have exhibited photocatalytic activity by degrading RhB (Rhodamine B) dye under various parameters such as pH, dosage, and dye concentration. This photocatalytic property implies their potential in environmental remediation and wastewater treatment applications.
New Observational Projects in New Zealand for Verification of Radiation Belt Loss Processes in the Deep Inner Magnetosphere: Instrumentation and Initial Results
Authors: Obana Yuki , Sakaguchi Kaori , Nosé Masahito , Hosokawa Keisuke , Jaquiery Peter , Saita Satoko , Shiokawa Kazuo , Connors Martin , Kadokura Akira , Nagatsuma Tsutomu , Petersen Tanja 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper describes the instrumentation of, and the first results from, an upper atmospheric observation project conducted in New Zealand. We operate an all-sky aurora camera and a 64-Hz sampling induction magnetometer at Middlemarch, as well as 1-Hz sampling fluxgate magnetometers which have been operative at three stations in New Zealand, Middlemarch, Eyrewell and Te Wharau. Green and red auroras respectively corresponding to the 557.7 nm and 630.0 nm emissions were observed on the night of 5 Aug 2019. Pc1 pulsations were observed in the frequency range of ~0.2–1 Hz before and after a small (minimum Dst = –40 nT) geomagnetic storm during 4–6 October 2020. Before the geomagnetic storm, Pc1 pulsations with several center frequencies were observed regardless of local time. During the recovery phase, an IPDP (interval of pulsations of diminishing period) type of Pc1 and subsequent four intervals Pc1s were detected. The Ionospheric Alfvén Resonator (IAR) was also identified with spectral resonance structures during this magnetic storm. Lower harmonic modes of IAR were present throughout the local nighttime, but higher harmonic modes with frequency of 5– 15 Hz seemed to disappear at the onset time of substorms. This is the first report of IAR at such a high frequency range and this is the first IAR observation in the southern hemisphere. Examples of applying cross-phase analysis to observation data of fluxgate magnetometers are also given.
Suitability analysis to determine optimal locations of local community radio stations for Disaster Risk Reduction using GIS and Remote Sensing: A case study of Chipinge district, Zimbabwe
Authors: Nyereyegona Munyaradzi Donald John , Mazhindu Aldridge Nyasha , Chirenje Kudzai Chirango 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Due to the increase in natural disasters world over, there is need to come up with effective disaster risk reduction strategies, including early warning systems. Zimbabwe has faced multiple hazards and disasters including, tropical cyclones, floods, and droughts. This study therefore seeks to implement both an early warning system and communication tool that can be used before, during and after a disaster. In this study a multi-criteria decision analysis method, AHP, GIS, and Remote Sensing (RS) were used to implement the suitability analysis. Throughout the location selection phase, three spatial decision-making models were used in this research. The logical “OR” operator is used to calculate the regions of the candidates using the raster calculate overlay (Boolean logic) approach, based on appropriateness criteria, the weighted linear combination (WLC) approach was developed, and the weights and relative values of the criteria used in the Analytical Hierarchy process (AHP). Various maps were created using an open-source tool in Arc GIS software, and the final composite map of the probable site priority was created using the MCDA add-in. After the least suitable areas were eliminated, suitable sites were identified as candidate sites, and a proper site was selected utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Results shows the final suitability map for sitting the community radio station when considering all the criterions which are settlements, elevation, power lines, roads, and rivers. Approximately 40% is the most suitable, 25% is highly suitable, 20% is suitable, 5% is moderately suitable, and 10% is unsuitable to site the community radio station.
Establishing the interpretability and utility of the 4-item BriefPCS
Authors: You Dokyoung S. , Cook Karon F. , Lannon Edward , Ziadni Maisa S. , Darnall Beth D. , Mackey Sean C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To reduce the patient burden associated with completing the 13-item Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the 4-item “BriefPCS” was developed. To date, no crosswalk has been developed that associates scores on the BriefPCS with PCS scores. Further, no study has compared the use of BriefPCS and PCS scores in a randomized clinical trial (RCT). We aimed to: 1) establish the interpretability of BriefPCS scores in reference to PCS scores, 2) compare the concurrent validity between the BriefPCS and PCS, and 3) Assess the use of BriefPCS in an RCT. First, we conducted equipercentile linking, created a crosswalk that associated scores of BriefPCS with PCS, and calculated differences between PCS and crosswalked PCS scores. Secondly, we compared Bootstrap correlation coefficients between PCS and self-reported measures of other domains. Lastly, we compared results from an RCT using BriefPCS scores versus PCS scores. Findings indicated that the correlation coefficient estimates with the BriefPCS and PCS scores were not significantly different. BriefPCS and PCS scores had similar ability to detect treatment-related changes. The BriefPCS scores validly, reliably, and accurately distinguish levels of pain catastrophizing. Additionally, the BriefPCS scores are sensitive to changes after behavioral interventions, with less respondent burden compared to the PCS scores.
Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by the Mongolian drug Runguling and its role in the treatment of osteoporosis
Authors: Wuyun Bilige , Si Qin , Teri Gele , Ba Hushan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a serious disease that can lead to systemic fractures, deformities, and loss of mobility, causing significant suffering to patients. Runguling is a Chinese medicine formula mainly used for the treatment of osteoporosis, and has shown preliminary good efficacy in clinical trials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of action of Run Bone Ling in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) in a mouse model.
The experimental results showed that Runguling could effectively improve the bone quality level of PMOP mice. By establishing a PMOP model in female C57BL/6 mice and giving different doses of Runguling treatment, the bone mineral density of mice was significantly elevated. Meanwhile, the levels of bone formation markers PINP and BALP were significantly increased, while the levels of bone resorption markers β-CTX and TRACP were significantly decreased. In addition, the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway was significantly up-regulated in the mice in the Runguling group, and the Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism, affecting the balance of bone formation and bone resorption by regulating the formation and function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Therefore, the anti-osteoporotic effect of Runguling may be exerted by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These results provide support and rationale for the clinical application of Runguling in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
The Role of VTA Dopaminergic Neurons in Chronic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain- induced Depressive-like Behavior
Authors: Zhang Ludi , Sun Yufei , Ji Menghan , Wang Shuling , Sun Hui , Zhang Hailin , Huang Dongyang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Affective disorders, such as depression, are commonly associated with the development of chronic pain, but the underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. The dopaminergic system, located in the midbrain, is considered one of the regions where both painful and emotional processing overlap. This suggests a structural basis hypothesis for the comorbidity of chronic pain and depression, highlighting the interplay between nociceptive and affective processing. In this study, we assessed depressive-like behaviors and performed artificial interference of VTA (ventral tegmental area) dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of chronic peripheral neuropathic pain induced by the spared nerve injury (SNI) model. After a 4-week duration of hyperalgesia and allodynia resulting from SNI, social isolation and other depressive-like behaviors were observed in the SNI group. Furthermore, the SNI mice displayed an excitatory increase in dopaminergic cell activity. This electrophysiological alteration was found to play a key role in the development and modulation of the chronic peripheral neuropathic pain-induced depressive-like phenotype. Considering the established pain and affective circuits, the neuroplastic changes and functional role of VTA dopaminergic neurons within these circuits may serve as potential targets for understanding and therapeutically addressing the development of depressive-like symptoms accompanied by prolonged pain syndromes in humans.