bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Statistical Model of Gross Errors and Model Parameters Estimation
Authors: Yu Yangkang , Yang Ling , Shen Yunzhong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This contribution introduces a statistical model of gross errors, which is called the Bernoulli-Gaussian (BG) model, where the gross error consists of the product of a Bernoulli variable and a Gaussian variable. First, with the BG model, different causes of outliers can be interpreted from the perspective of gross errors. As well, the commonly used observation models, such as the mean shift model and variance inflation model, can be unified by the BG model, via choosing different values range of model parameters. Second, based on the EM (expectation maximization) algorithm, the estimation method of BG model parameters for linear observation equations is proposed. With this method, the BG model parameters can be estimated in both a static observation system and a dynamic observation system. Finally, normal sample examples and GNSS examples proved that it is effective in estimating the BG model parameters via the the EM algorithm.
Genome-Wide Identification of Ascorbate Peroxidase Gene Family in Two Contrasting Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Cultivars: Essential Roles in Various Abiotic Stress Tolerance
Authors: Saidi Abbas , Hajibarat Zohreh , Ghazvini Habibollah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Plants with their antioxidant defense systems evolved under stress conditions and detoxify and remove the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The survey of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) gene families in barley identified eight APX genes. The comprehensive analysis of HvAPX genes in barley has not yet been described. In this study, 8 members of the barley APX family were characterized for phylogenetic tree, conserved motifs, gene ontology, correlation between traits and gene expression, prediction of cis-elements, and gene expression in APX under abiotic stress conditions. In addition, analysis of physiological traits was performed on two contrasting Iranian barley cultivars namely Sahra (drought tolerant) and Nobahar (drought susceptible) under abiotic stress (PEG, heat, ABA, and salt) conditions. Gene expression analysis revealed that 8 HvAPX genes were accumulated in the leaf and root tissues at 24 and 48 hours after abiotic stresses. Furthermore, the gene expression analysis of the HvAPX genes revealed genes increase and decrease in response to PEG, ABA, salt, and heat stresses in the leaf and root tissues. The phylogenetic analysis of the HvAPX proteins sequences in barley were grouped into three clusters. The HvAPX7 and HvAPX8 genes had the highest number of cis-elements in their promoter regions, indicating that they might be stimulated by a plethora of environmental stresses. The HvAPX genes had GT1-motif, STRE, CAAT-box, MYB, and MYC in their promoter regions, playing a key role in response to abiotic stresses. Our findings provide new insights into APX genes and provide a basis for next investigations of APX genes in plant improvement (breeding) programs.
A comparative study of retrograde intrarenal surgery versus percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the management of staghorn renal calculi
Authors: Xu Xiang , Liao Sucai , Wei Genggeng , Jiang Yi , Lu Zhengquan , Yu Peter S.Y. , Xiong Lin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Due to the advancements in equipment and techniques, the indications for Retrograde IntraRenal Surgery (RIRS) have been expanded. However, there is limited research on the application of RIRS in the treatment of staghorn renal calculi. We aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of RIRS and Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) as treatment modalities for staghorn renal calculi.Method We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data for all patients with staghorn renal calculi underwent treatment with either RIRS or PCNL at our hospital, and compared the perioperative outcomes and complications of the two groups.Results From April 2021 to March 2023, 47 patients underwent RIRS, while 45 patients underwent PCNL for the treatment of staghorn renal calculi. 1. There were no significant difference between the two groups in terms of number of complete staghorn calculi, stone size, mean number of surgery, total operative time. 2. RIRS was associated with shorter total hospitalization time(8.1 ± 8.4 VS 16 ± 8.7 days, p < 0.001) and postoperative hospitalization time(2.1 ± 0.8 VS 5.1 ± 2 days, p < 0.001). 3. RIRS showed less decrease in hemoglobin (1.92 ± 1.63 VS 8.99 ± 6.41 g/l, p < 0.001) and pain score (1.7 ± 0.7 VS 2.5 ± 1.1, p < 0.001). 4. RIRS demonstrated no significant difference in terms of 1 stage stone-free rate (51.1% VS 40%, p = 0.29) and total stone-free rate (78.3% VS 88.9%, p = 0.12), compared with PCNL. 5. The overall complication rate was lower in the RIRS group, with no significant difference (8.5% VS 15.6%, p = 0.30).Conclusion RIRS can reduce bleeding and overall complication, shorten hospitalization time, achieve satisfactory stone-free rates, when compared to PCNL. As a result, RIRS can be considered as an alternative treatment option for staghorn renal calculi.
Association of serum uric acid with hypertriglyceridemia in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Si Shang-an , Chen Meng-Qi , Zhang Guiju 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Uric acid (UA), a liver-derived metabolite, is intimately tied to metabolic disorders. Although ample research underscores its connection with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), studies focusing on adolescents remain limited. This investigation delves into the correlation between uric acid levels and HTG among American adolescents.
Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data on 4,435 adolescents from the NHANES database spanning 2011 to 2020. The exposure variable was serum uric acid (SUA), the outcome variable was HTG, and the covariates encompassed demographics, questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory indicators. We utilized weighted logistic regression and meticulous subgroup evaluations to discern the intrinsic link between SUA and HTG. Stratified analyses augmented the validation of this association, while smooth curve fitting probed for potential non-linear correlations.
Results: The study included 4,435 participants. Male adolescents might exhibit elevated SUA levels. After adjusting for all variables, the weighted multiple logistic regression model revealed that SUA had a positive correlation with HTG risk. This relationship was consistent across tertiles. Stratified analyses confirmed that the positive correlation between SUA and HTG risk was significant, irrespective of sex, age and race.
Conclusions: In American children and adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, there's a pronounced affiliation between SUA and HTG. SUA could serve as a risk indicator for HTG. Regular monitoring of serum triglycerides is recommended to prevent HTG during childhood.
Circular RNA PVT1 Promotes Breast Cancer Progression via miR-30b-5p/AEG-1 Axis
Authors: Li Ying-dong , Li Wenfang , Ai Yong-biao , Zhang Tian-xiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Circular RNA PVT1 (circPVT1) has been reported to be a vital modulator in tumorigenesis. However, the detailed regulatory mechanism of circPVT1 in breast cancer (BC) remains largely unclear.
Objective: This research is to explore the mechanisms of circPVT1 in breast cancer from different perspectives.
Methods: In this work, the expressions of circPVT1 and microRNA-30b-5p (miR-30b-5p) were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. The Kaplan-Meierk was adopted to compare disease free survival (DFS) and overall (OS). BC cell lines MDA-MB-231and MCF-7 cell lines were chosen for the following assays. After circPVT1 was depleted, CCK-8 and Transwell assays were performed to examine the cell viability and invasive capacity. Astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) protein level was measured by western blot. The competitive endogenous RNA molecular mechanism among circPVT1, miR-30b-5p and AEG-1 was verified by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase-reporter gene assay.
Results: In the present study, it was revealed that circPVT1 expression was remarkably evaluated in BC tissues and cell lines than that in the corresponding control group. The Kaplan-Meier analysis shown that high circPVT1 expression had a significantly poorer survival prognosis than those with low circPVT1 expression in DFS (χ2 = 7.174, P = 0.007) and OS (χ2 = 3.946, P = 0.047). CircPVT1 positively regulated the proliferation, migration and invasion progression of BC cells. Besides, miR-30b-5p was identified as a target of circPVT1, and AEG-1 was identified as a target of miR-30b-5p. The depletion of circPVT1 promoted the expression of miR-30b-5p and suppressed AEG-1 expression. Moreover, simultaneous inhibition of miR-30b-5p expression in the circPVT1 knockout group could reverse the inhibition of AEG-1 expression.
Conclusion: In conclusion, our results indicate circPVT1 regulates AEG-1 expression by competitively binding to endogenous miR-30b-5p in breast cancer cells. CircPVT1 promoted AEG-1 expression by negatively regulating miR-30b-5p expression to enhance the cell viability, migration, and invasion progression of BC cells. Our results reveal a new molecular therapy target for breast cancer.
Electrochemical synthesis of Cu-Fe/brass foil alloy and its oxides under the combustion process as a promising photoelectrode for efficient hydrogen evolution in alkaline solutions
Authors: Kholidy Islam , Sabt Mohammad H. Bin , El-Salam H. M.Abd , Shaban Mohamed , Rabia Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Copper, iron, and their alloys are electrochemically prepared on brass foil (77%Cu-33% Zn) plate, from different concentrations of aqueous solution (0.05 to 0.25 M ) of CuCl2 and (0.02 to 0.25 M ) FeCl3, respectively, in which three different concentrations solutions are prepared. XRD, XPS, SEM, and cyclic voltammetry techniques were applied to explore the structures, morphologies, and electrochemical (EC) activities of the deposits. Alloy Oxide with the chemical composition of (30Cu-2.5Fe-35Zn-32.5O) has different phases (CuFeO2 and CuFe2O4) are the major and (Cu-Fe, CuO, ZnO, and Fe2O3) are a minor materials prepared under the combustion reaction. Before combustion, there are two different alloy, the first one is Alloy(I) deposited from solution (0.25M CuCl2 + 0.02M FeCl3) with the chemical composition of (80Cu-2Fe-16Zn-2O) and the second one is Alloy(II) deposited from solution (0.05M CuCl2 + 0.25M FeCl3) with the chemical composition of (60Cu-0.25Fe-36.75Cu-3O) both of them have different phases of Cu, CuO, Fe(OH)2, Fe2O3, Cu-Zn, CuFeO2, and Cu-Fe are confirmed by XRD. The intensity of the peaks depends on Cu%. Furthermore, the high purity of the Cu–Fe alloys was confirmed by EDX techniques. The surface of alloys which are prepared from high concentration of FeCl3 is rough and agglomerated compared to the alloys prepared from high concentrations CuCl2. The H2 evolution reactions (HER) in alkaline solution using these alloys were investigated through electrochemical polarization (ECP) measurements and EC impedance spectroscopies (EISs). alloy(I) with 708 mA Cm− 2 at potential 2.04 V has a high rate of hydrogen production. Also alloy oxide is a burned alloy, tested as a photoelectrode material under a solar simulator with 400 mW cm− 2.It given current density under dark and light are 2.54 mA/Cm2 and 33 mA/cm2, respectively.
Structural connectivity alterations in mild cognitive impairment patients with depression symptoms: a DTI-based connectome analysis
Authors: Yang Ting , Hou Hongtao , Wei Fuquan , Guo Zhongwei , Zhang Jiangtao , Ding Yanping , Liu Xiaozheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Studies have shown that depressive symptoms cause changes in brain structural network, but the characteristics of brain structural network in mild cognitive impairment with depression symptoms (D-MCI) are not well understood. In this study, we used diffusion tensor imaging and graph theory analysis to investigate abnormalities in brain structural networks in mild cognitive impairment with depression symptoms. We acquired magnetic resonance imaging data from 50 subjects on a 3T MRI. Subjects collected included 14 patients with D-MCI, 18 patients with MCI with no depression (nD-MCI), and 18 healthy controls. We utilized the network-based statistics method to explore the changes in the structural networks between the three groups and the classification capabilities combined with machine learning methods. In contrast to healthy controls, the anomalous subnetworks of MCI revealed by network-based statistics are mainly located in the default mode network, basal ganglia and sensorimotor regions. The classification accuracy of machine learning models is D-MCI vs nD-MCI: 77.5%; D-MCI vs healthy controls: 90.0%; nD-MCI vs healthy controls: 86.7%. Our results suggest that depressive symptoms cause changes in structural network in patients with MCI, and that these changes can be used to distinguish between D-MCI, nD-MCI, and healthy controls.
ASPAD Dynamic Simulation &amp; Artificial Neural Network for Acetaminophen Adsorption in Biochar Packed Bed Column
Authors: Sabri Muhamad Haikal Daniel Mohamad , Ahmad Anis Atikah , Ahmad Mohd Azmier 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The presence of acetaminophen (ACT) as a significant pollutant in domestic and hospital wastewaters has raised concerns regarding its removal from these sources. In this study, researchers focused on comparing the breakthrough and saturation time of ozone-treated granular activated carbon (GAC) for the removal of ACT. The dynamic simulation of an adsorption column using Aspen Adsorption (ASPAD) was employed, and the effects of flow rate, ACT initial concentration, and bed height on breakthrough curves were investigated. The results indicated that increasing the bed height led to longer breakthrough and saturation times, accompanied by higher adsorption capacity. Conversely, higher initial concentrations of ACT resulted in reduced breakthrough and saturation times. Similarly, higher flow rates led to shorter breakthrough and saturation times. The optimal operating conditions for achieving the highest breakthrough and saturation were identified as a bed height of 45 cm, ACT initial concentration of 40 mg/L, and flow rate of 2 mL/min. The simulation results were validated against experimental findings, demonstrating satisfactory agreement between the two. Furthermore, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was developed to predict the outlet concentration ratio, exhibiting reliable performance with a low mean squared error value. By understanding the impact of various factors on breakthrough and saturation times, researchers can optimize the design and operation of adsorption columns for efficient ACT removal. The reliable ANN model developed in this study can also aid in predicting outlet concentration ratios, providing a valuable tool for future research and application in wastewater treatment processes.
TrkB-mediated sustained neuroprotection is sex-specific and ERα dependent in adult mice following neonatal hypoxia ischemia
Authors: Chanana Vishal , Hackett Margaret , Deveci Nazli , Aycan Nur , Ozaydin Burak , Cagatay Nur Sena , Hanalioglu Damla , Kintner Douglas B. , Corcoran Karson , Yapici Sefer , Camci Furkan , Eickhoff Jens , Frick Karyn M. , Ferrazano Peter , Levine Jon E. , Cengiz Pelin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Neonatal hypoxia ischemia (HI) related brain injury is one of the major causes of life-long neurological morbidities that result in learning and memory impairments. Evidence suggests that male neonates are more susceptible to the detrimental effects of HI, yet the mechanisms mediating these sex-specific responses to neural injury in neonates remain poorly understood. We previously tested the effects of treatment with a small molecule agonist of the tyrosine kinase B receptor (TrkB), 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF) following neonatal HI and determined that females, but not males exhibit increased phosphorylation of TrkB and reduced apoptosis in their hippocampi. Moreover, these female-specific effects of the TrkB agonist were found to be dependent upon the expression of ERα. These findings demonstrated that TrkB activation in the presence of ERα comprises one pathway by which neuroprotection may be conferred in a female-specific manner. The goal of this study was to determine the role of ERα−dependent TrkB-mediated neuroprotection in memory and anxiety in young adult mice exposed to HI during the neonatal period.
Methods In this study we used a unilateral hypoxic ischemic (HI) mouse model. ERα+/+ or ERα-/- mice were subjected to HI on postnatal day (P) 9 and mice were treated with either vehicle control or the TrkB agonist, DHF, for seven days following HI. When mice reached young adulthood, we used the novel object recognition, novel object location and open field tests to assess long-term memory and anxiety like behavior. The brains were then assessed for tissue damage using immunohistochemistry.
Results Neonatal DHF treatment prevented HI-induced decrements in recognition and location memory in adulthood in females, but not in males. This protective effect was absent in female mice lacking ERα. Thus, the female-specific and ERα-dependent neuroprotection conferred by DHF therapy after neonatal HI was associated with improved learning and memory outcomes in adulthood. Interestingly, DHF triggered anxiety like behavior in both sexes only in the mice that lacked ERα. When we assessed the severity of injury, we found that DHF therapy did not decrease the percent tissue loss in proportion to functional recovery. We additionally observed that the presence of ERα significantly reduced overall HI-associated mortality in both sexes.
Conclusions: These observations provide evidence for a therapeutic role for DHF in which sustained recovery of memory in females is TrkB-mediated and ERα-dependent. However, the beneficial effects of DHF therapy did not include reduction of gross tissue loss but may be derived from the enhanced functioning of residual tissues in a cell-specific manner.
some new results in generalized weighted core inverse in Banach *-algebras
Authors: Chen Huanyin , Abdolyousefi Marjan Sheibani 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present new properties of generalized weighted core inverse in a Banach *-algebra. We characterize generalized weighted core inverse by using the polar-like property. The reverse order law for generalized weighted core inverse is established. The properties of generalized weighted core orders are thereby investigated.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. 15A09, 16U99, 46H05
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Convergence Insufficiency Prevalence and Management Options
Authors: Mohamed Zoelfigar , Alrasheed Saif Hassan 
Published: September 2023

Background:Convergence insufficiency (CI) is one of the most common binocular vision disorders. The condition negatively affects the quality of life through its impact on near activities, while there is a large gap in the information on its global prevalence and consensus on treatment.Objectives:The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the prevalence and treatment options available for convergence insufficiency.Methods:The study was performed in 2023 using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-2020) guidelines. The authors have searched Google Scholar, Research Gate, Scopus, PubMed, Index Medicus, Web of Science, and the JAMA network. This review included peer-reviewed studies published between January 2000 to January 2023 that assessed the prevalence and treatment modalities of convergence insufficiency.Results:The authors screened 13250 studies, 20 for prevalence and 15 for treatment from 12 countries that met the inclusion criteria for the study. The overall pooled prevalence of convergence insufficiency was 7.98%, and the heterogeneity between the studies was highly significant P < 0.0001. Majorities of the studies 12(80%) reported that office-based vision therapy is the most effective treatment of CI, form those studies 5(42.0%) highlighted that office-based vergence/accommodative therapy with home reinforcement is the best modality of treatment. Whereas, home-based pencil push-up therapy, vision therapy with modified refractive correction, and vision therapy with prismatic correction were reported as effective treatment options for CI. The reviewed studies showed that vision therapy is highly effective to recover from symptomatic CI in both adults and children.Conclusion:The prevalence of convergence insufficiency was high, there was highly significant heterogeneity between the reviewed studies. Office-based vergence/accommodative therapy with home reinforcement is the best modality of treatment, followed by home-based pencil push-up therapy, vision therapy with modified refractive correction, and vision therapy with prismatic correction. There is consensus among reviewed studies that vision therapy is highly effective to recover from symptomatic CI in both adults and children.
Coagulation Management of Critically Bleeding Patients With Viscoelastic Testing Presented as a 3D-Animated Blood Clot (The Visual Clot): Randomized Controlled High-Fidelity Simulation Study
Authors: Castellucci Clara , Malorgio Amos , Budowski Alexandra Dinah , Akbas Samira , Kolbe Michaela , Grande Bastian , Braun Julia , Noethiger Christoph B , Spahn Donat R , Tscholl David Werner , Roche Tadzio Raoul 
Published: September 2023

Background
Guidelines recommend using viscoelastic coagulation tests to guide coagulation management, but interpreting the results remains challenging. Visual Clot, a 3D animated blood clot, facilitates interpretation through a user-centered and situation awareness–oriented design.

Objective
This study aims to compare the effects of Visual Clot versus conventional viscoelastic test results (rotational thrombelastometry [ROTEM] temograms) on the coagulation management performance of anesthesia teams in critical bleeding situations.

Methods
We conducted a prospective, randomized, high-fidelity simulation study in which anesthesia teams (consisting of a senior anesthesiologist, a resident anesthesiologist, and an anesthesia nurse) managed perioperative bleeding scenarios. Teams had either Visual Clot or ROTEM temograms available to perform targeted coagulation management. We analyzed the 15-minute simulations with post hoc video analysis. The primary outcome was correct targeted coagulation therapy. Secondary outcomes were time to targeted coagulation therapy, confidence, and workload. In addition, we have conducted a qualitative survey on user acceptance of Visual Clot. We used Poisson regression, Cox regression, and mixed logistic regression models, adjusted for various potential confounders, to analyze the data.

Results
We analyzed 59 simulations. Teams using Visual Clot were more likely to deliver the overall targeted coagulation therapy correctly (rate ratio 1.56, 95% CI 1.00-2.47; P=.05) and administer the first targeted coagulation product faster (hazard ratio 2.58, 95% CI 1.37-4.85; P=.003). In addition, participants showed higher decision confidence with Visual Clot (odds ratio 3.60, 95% CI 1.49-8.71; P=.005). We found no difference in workload (coefficient –0.03, 95% CI –3.08 to 2.88; P=.99).

Conclusions
Using Visual Clot led to a more accurate and faster-targeted coagulation therapy than using ROTEM temograms. We suggest that relevant viscoelastic test manufacturers consider augmenting their complex result presentation with intuitive, easy-to-understand visualization to ease users’ burden from unnecessary cognitive load and enhance patient care.