bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcranial Doppler Sonography in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: Hassanein Sahar Mohamed Ahmed , Hameed Abeer Maghawry Abdel , Nasef Marwa Waheed Abdel Hady , Sattar Yomna Mohsen Abdel 
Published: August 2023

Background
Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at high risk for neurodevelopmental disabilities. Acute neurologic complications, such as seizures, transient ischemic attack, intracranial hemorrhage, and ischemic stroke might occur in the setting of cardiac surgery and cardiac catheterization. Cardiac catheterization is important in the diagnosis and assessment of hemodynamic function in children with congenital heart disease. The incidence of neurologic complications (occurring within 48 hours) in interventional cardiac catheterization is significantly higher than those in diagnostic.

Objective
The Aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of cardiac catheterization on TCD Commented [RM1]: transcranial doppler (TCD) in children with congenital heart disease.

Methods
This is a prospective study. 40 children were enrolled; at Children’s hospital, Ain Shams University over 6 months. TCD parameters, clinical data, neurologic examination were done before and after cardiac catheterization.

Results
In the present study, 33 patients (82.5%) had interventional catheter and 7 (17.5%) had diagnostic catheter. Middle cerebral artery TCD parameters of the patients in the diagnostic group showed lower peak systolic (PS), and time average mean of the maximal velocities (TAMX), also called mean velocity, before catheterization and lower PS, end diastolic (ED), and TAMX post catheterization. All patients showed statistically significant lower TAMX post catheterization.

Conclusion
Cardiac catheterization lower middle cerebral artery time average mean of the maximal velocities in children with congenital heart disease. This impairment in blood flow might be a risk for cerebrovascular diseases in this population.
Validating Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Role of Hyperandrogenism and Insulin Resistance
Authors: Hashem Maha H , Mohamed Doaa I , El-Kharashi Omnyah A , El-Waseef Dalia A , Bassyouni Lobna A , Elmelegy Ahmed Abdel-Salam M 
Published: August 2023

Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrinemetabolic disorder. PCOS is frequently associated with abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular risk factors. Increased prevalence of NAFLD has been reported in patients with PCOS.

Aim
to validate a model of PCO induced NAFLD and determine the role of androgen and insulin resistance in the model pathogenesis.

Material and Method
Testosterone Enanthate (TE) was used to induce PCOS in female wistar rats by receiving TE subcutaneously at a dose of 7.5 mg dissolved in sesame oil by S.C. injection daily from embryonic day 16 (E16) to E19, female offsprings are divided into; control group, model group.

Results
PCO produced significant increase in body weight, liver weight, ALT/AST ratio, testosterone (T), Luteinizing hormone (LH), fasting glucose, serum insulin, HOMA-IR and serum c-peptide with dyslipidemia and decrease in serum estradiol (E2) level. The picture of PCOS and NAFLD was clearly seen biochemically and histologically.

Conclusion
our study validated the model of PCO induced NAFLD as manifested by the biochemical and histological analysis. .
Injection of Hyaluronic Acid versus Steroid Guided by Ultrasound in Management of Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy
Authors: Haider Alaa I , Abd El-Hakim Mervat M , ElShishtawy Heba F , El-Mallah Reem M 
Published: August 2023

Aim of the Work
To compare effect of injection of sodium hyaluronate versus steroid guided by ultrasound in treatment of rotator cuff tendinopathy.

Aim of the Work
To compare effect of injection of sodium hyaluronate versus steroid guided by ultrasound in treatment of rotator cuff tendinopathy.

Patient and Methods
This study was conducted on 30 patients with shoulder pain. All patients were subjected to history taking, clinical examination and laboratory investigations together with diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound. Pain and function scores were assessed using the visual analog scale(VAS), Oxford shoulder score (OSS), and Constant shoulder score (CSS). All patients were randomly assigned into one of two groups; Group I received single steroid injection, Group II received single hyaluronic acid injection. Patients were re-assessed after 2 months of injections.

Results
After 2 months of injection, both groups showed improvement regarding CSS, OSS and VAS and the difference between pre-injection and post-injection was highly significant regarding all three parameters (p &lt; 0.001). On comparison between groups; Group II showed highly significant improvement regarding CSS and VAS compared to group I (P &lt; 0.001). However, there was no difference in OSS between two groups (p &gt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Hyaluronic acid injection offers better therapeutic advantages over a corticosteroid injection in the treatment of rotator cuff tendinopathy especially in the short term follow up.
Comparison between Total Contact Custom-Made Insole versus Over the Counter Insole in Rehabilitation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Eweis Noha A , El-Kadery Nadia Abd-El Salam , Ahmed El-Hilaly Rana , ElBadawy Mohja Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

Objective
To compare the effect of total contact custom-made foot insoles versus over-thecounter flat silicone insoles on pain and foot function in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Patients and Methods
This study included 30 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis according to the 2010ACR/EULAR classification criteria. All underwent history, clinical examination of foot, plantar pressure assessment, pain assessment by visual analog scale (VAS), foot functionality, assessed by Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS). Patients were randomly assigned to group (A) 15 patients which received total contact custom made insoles. And group B, 15 patients received a flat over the counter insole made of silicone, follow up was done after two weeks using VAS and LEFS scores.

Results
A total of 30 patients, aged 46.07 ± 10.78 years, with disease duration ranged from 2 – 18 years with Median (IQR) of 5.50, body mass index (BMI) ranged from 19.5 to 37 kg/m2 with mean ±SD of 29.01 ± 4.00. In both groups, significant difference in the VAS after using insoles, observed more in -group A with mean ± SD 22.67 ± 11.47, while mean ± SD of group B was 39.00 ± 14.04. Regarding LEFS score: significant improvement of the score ―improved lower limb functionality‖ in both groups after using the insoles, slightly higher in group B more than group A. No significant differences in functionality between the two groups (LEFS score after intervention for group A with Mean ± SD 40.13 ± 9.88, group B with Mean ± SD 43.20 ± 6.82).

Conclusion
The custom-made foot orthoses significantly reduced the patients’ foot pain, although they did not have significantly positive effects on disability and foot functionality compared with only cushioning.
Serum Galectin-1 Level in Egyptian Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Zaki Salwa A , ElGanzoury Amal M , Fouda Neven M , Elbably’ Mona M 
Published: August 2023

Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the small joints of the hand, wrist, and feet. If left untreated, it can lead to extensive impacts on quality of life, with loss of productivity due to damaged and deformed joints. It is also associated with significant extra-articular manifestations and mortality. The cause of developing the disease is still unknown which leads to ongoing studies to further understand the pathogenesis and find new treatment targets and new classes of therapeutics. One of the studied markers is Galectin-1 (Gal-1). Gal-1 is a part of Galectin family and is their prototype. It could be found in a large number of tissues with pro-inflammatory and antiinflammatory effects depending on the cellular microenvironment.

Objectives
To evaluate the serum level of Galectin-1 in Egyptian rheumatoid arthritis patients and controls.

Patient and methods
This case-control study included 20 Egyptian patients with rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed according to 2010 ACR\EULAR criteria and 20 Egyptian healthy controls. Every patient is subjected to full clinical examination; swollen joints, tender joints, deformity, laboratory investigations; serum Galectin-1 level, ESR, CRP, CBC, SGPT, SGOT, creatinine, urea, Anti-CCP, RF.

Results
Comparing serum Galectin-1 levels between Egyptian RA cases and controls, there was a highly statistically significant increase in the serum Galectin-1 level in RA Cases group than the control group with a p-value &lt;0.001 with a cut-off point between the control group and Cases group &gt; 15 (ng/ml). There was a non-significant change in serum Galectin-1 level between different disease activity categories according to DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated the usefulness of measuring serum Galectin-1 in Egyptian patients with RA with high validity. This proves the role of Galectin-1 in RA pathogenesis.
Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction in Treatment of Osteoarthritis: Experimental Study
Authors: El Din Mohamed Moussa Sherine Alaa , El Din Zaki M Gamal , Mohamed Manal Osman , Zeid Asmaa A Abo , Farrag Dina A 
Published: August 2023

Background
Osteoarthritis OA is the commonest musculoskeletal disabling disease in adults. Most of the current available treatments provide only symptomatic relief. Adipose derivedstromal vascular fraction SVF has been recently introduced as potential regenerative therapy for OA.

Objective
We aimed to study the therapeutic role of adipose – derived SVF in OA.

Materials and Methods
This work included 42 female Wister rats for induction of osteoarthritis and 6 male Wistar rats acting as donors for the extraction of SVF from adipose tissue which yielded 106 cells/ml. Osteoarthritis was induced by intra-articular injection of collagenase type II in the right knee joint of all female rats and the left knee was considered as healthy controls. Rats were divided into three groups, healthy control Group (group I), induced osteoarthritis control group (Group II) which received no treatment and SVF treatment group (Group III). Group II and III were subdivided into 2 subgroups; IIa, IIb and IIIa, IIIb which were euthanized after 1 and 2 months of OA induction respectively. Modified Manikin score (MS) was used to assess cartilage degeneration. Image Analysis was used to assess chondrocyte count, articular cartilage thickness and optical density in slides stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and Safranin-O-stain.

Results
It was observed that MS scored highest in Group II compared to Group III and Group I (P &lt; 0.001). After 1 month, MS in Group IIa and Group IIIa was (10.75 ± 0.50 and 2.50 ± 0.53, P &lt; 0.001). Similarly at 2 months MS was (8.50 ± 0.58, 0.50 ± 0.53, P &lt; 0.001). Also, morphometric analysis revealed Group II contained least chondrocyte cellular count compared to Group III and Group I (P &lt; 0.001). After 2 months, articular cartilage thickness was least in Group II compared to Group IIIb and highest in Group I (P &lt; 0.001). Also, optical density OD measurement using imaging in slides stained with Safranin revealed OD was highest in Group I, followed by Group III and least in Group II (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Adipose derived SVF represents potential regenerative therapy for OA. It decreased development of degenerative changes at early stages of induced osteoarthritis in rats and promoted regeneration with increased cartilage thickness and proteoglycan content at later stage.
Effect of Apelin on Hepatic Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Heart Failure
Authors: Yassin Naema Gomaa , Aly Seif Ansam , Abd el Hamid Manal Said , Nassef Noha Abdel- Aziz 
Published: August 2023

Background
Severe heart failure can be accompanied with liver dysfunction. The role of apelin in liver disease is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of apelin on liver dysfunction in heart failure rat model and the underlying mechanisms of this effect.

Materials and Methods
39 female Wistar rats were divided into three groups 13 each; control (Intraperitoneal saline for 2 weeks, daily), Isoprenaline (ISO) (Intraperitoneal saline for 2 weeks, ISO in the last 2 days (100 mg/kg, subcutaneous) and Apelin group (apelin, 15 µg/kg/day Intraperitoneal for 2 weeks and ISO in the last 2 days). Body weights, heart and liver weights, ECG record, isolated heart study and histopathological examination for both heart and liver were carried out. Serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT), liver enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and apelin and liver APJ receptors, malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytochrome C were measured.

Results
Apelin decreased heart weights, shortened QRS complex as well as observed and corrected Q-T intervals, increased R voltage, peak developed tension, peak developed tension per left ventricular weights and mean coronary flow rate compared to ISO treated rats. It decreased serum levels of cTnT, ALT, AST& LDH and improved serum apelin level. Also, it enhanced the hepatic expression of APJ receptor and decreased MDA & ROS and cytochrome C in liver tissue.

Conclusion
Apelin had a protective role against hepatic dysfunction that accompanied heart failure through its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects.
Evaluation of Blood Lactate Concentrations as a Marker for Resuscitation and Prognosis in Patients with Major Burns
Authors: Mohammed Salah Nasser , Amin Mohamed Ahmed , ElHalim Mohamed Mamdouh Abd , Nawar Kamal Ibrahim Kamal 
Published: August 2023

Background
Severe burns require appropriate fluid management in the acute phase. A massive volume of intravenous fluid is usually required to ensure adequate end-organ perfusion. Lactate is a product of anaerobic metabolism. A high level of lactate in tissue is direct indication of tissue hypoxia. The correlation between serum lactate and clinical outcome has been well accepted in hemorrhagic and septic shock. However, studies on its use in predicting mortality and morbidity of major burn patients in particular is sparse. Early prediction of outcome in patients with major burn is very likely to aid suitable modification of management strategies.

Objective
To assess the role of serum lactate measurement as the predictor burn patient's outcome (survivors and non-survivors).

Patients and Methods
30 patients with major burn (more than 20% of TBSA) were included. This includes operated/ non-operated patients. Of the 30 patients, 20 were males and 10 were females. All adult burned patients admitted within the first 24h post burn were included in the study. Patients admitted after 24h from the thermal injury, or those who were discharged or died 48h after admission were excluded.

Results
Serial blood lactate measures were better as a prognostic tool than isolated measure. Reduction or normalization of lactate levels 24 hours after admission was significantly associated with a higher probability of survival. This study confirms the prognostic value of serum lactate for mortality in patients with major burns as serial blood lactate measurements predict mortality in these patients.

Conclusion
Although many studies reiterate the importance of blood lactate and lactate clearance in predicting mortality in burn patients, the role of these markers in therapy titration is ambiguous. Overzealous fluid resuscitation can cause fluid overload and acute respiratory distress syndrome. little regional data are available to establish the importance of blood lactate. We have demonstrated the association of blood lactate in the first 36 hours of the burn injury with mortality. Further large multicenter prospective studies are required.
Assessment of Health Services Provided by Women's Health Centre, Nasser Institute for Research and Treatment, Cairo
Authors: Shaheen Alaa Ahmed , Manzour Ayat F , Mostafa Nayera Samy , Fotouh Aisha Aboul 
Published: August 2023

Background
Healthcare quality has become an important topic for practitioners, researchers and managers as it has great effect on cost reduction and services improvement. Recently, the role of individuals working in health institutions is very important for reaching the institutions’ goals. The satisfaction of the healthcare workers and the consequences of their satisfaction are good indicators of the quality and well-being of workers’ life. Patient satisfaction is a subjective evaluation of the health service received against client’s expectations. It is principally based on evaluating seven health service dimensions: general satisfaction, technical quality, interpersonal aspects, communication, financial aspects, time spent with doctor, and the ease of contact or availability.

Objective
To assess health services in women health centre in Nasser Institute and to analyze the customers’ opinions at women’s health centre.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at women’s health centre in Nasser institute for research and treatment. Evaluation of services in the women's health centre was done according to Well-Woman recommendations. The healthcare workers in the centre were 10 and all of them were given self-administered job satisfaction questionnaire adapted from a questionnaire of a previous study in Nigeria. Sample of client women included 210 women visiting the centre who were interviewed using SERVQUAL (questionnaire.

Results
Immunization services were missing at the centre according to Well-Woman recommendations.
Regarding, health care workers, mean age of participating healthcare workers (Mean ± SD) was 45 ± 9.6 years. The majority of healthcare workers were female (80%). Sixty percent of healthcare workers think that there is a need to improve the service packages. Regarding women seeking the services in the centre, the mean age of study participants (Mean ± SD) was 53.7 ± 11.4 years. Most of participating women were between 45 to less than 65 years (62.9%). Most of them (82.4%) were highly educated, 69.5 % were married and 78.1% knew the services from friends and relatives. Average gap score of total SERVQUAL dimensions was (Mean ± SD) 0.6 ± 0.3.

Conclusions and recommendations
According to Well-Woman recommendation, there is a defect in the comprehensive medical services in women health centre at Nasser Institute and immunization is absent. Total satisfaction rate was high for healthcare workers and women receiving the service. It is recommended to introduce more services in the centre such as immunization as well as more investigations such as Hepatitis C and B testing. Periodic professional development and training programs for healthcare workers are also recommended.
Epidemiology of Occupational Injuries and Workplace Assessment in Turnery Industries at an Industrial District, Eastern Cairo, Egypt
Authors: Mansour Asmaa Gamal , EL-Aal Abdel Hamid Mona Abd , Hakim Sally Adel , Wahdan Maha Magdy 
Published: August 2023

Background
Occupational injury could be fatal or non-fatal with lost work time. Turneries are workplaces in which multiple simultaneous health hazards occur and the most common hazards are mechanical hazards.

Objective
To measure the frequency and types of injuries among a sample of turnery workers, to identify risk factors of occupational injuries among them, and to describe the environmental conditions at some of these turneries as a part of occupational safety prospective.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 75 workers in three Industrial areas in Eastern Cairo El-herafeen, Madinat Al-salam and El-Abour. Data were collected using a structured interview questionnaire with both close and open-ended questions, and an observational environmental checklists were filled by the researcher.

Results
Seventy-five turnery workers were interviewed, (76%) of them reporting injury during the last 12 months. About (46.7%) of operators believing that their work is extremely dangerous. The most significant determinants for occupational injuries (p value &lt; 0.05) were lack of safety training, non-use of personal protective devices and work hazard perception. In environmental assessment, all work stations had non-covered traditional machines, only 2 work stations out of 10 assessed had natural ventilation with open windows; not any of the work stations had regular noise survey neither did any of the workers use hearing protection equipment even though it was available in 2 work stations; only 4 work stations had floors free from protruding nails, splinters, holes and loose boards, goggles were available in 4 stations while gloves and rubber boots were available in 6 stations.

Conclusion
Most of workers in small scale work stations specialized in turnery industry had occupational injury during the last 12 months. Most of the observed workstations did not comply with advised safety checklist.
Epidemiology of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Elderly in Geriatric Homes
Authors: Edarous Dina Hussien , Fahim Hoda Ibrahim , El Maguid Tolba Momen Mohamed Abd , Manzour Ayat Farouk Mohamed , El-salam Shaat Ashraf Abd 
Published: August 2023

Background
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in elderly population. It can cause irreversible loss of vision.

Objective
To measure the prevalence of AMD among a sample of elderly persons residing in geriatric homes, and to measure the effect of AMD on falls frequency in these elderly persons.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 283 elderly persons in thirty geriatric homes in different geographical areas in Cairo. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, Amsler Grid as a screening test for AMD and fundus examination.

Results
The study included 283 elderly persons with a mean age of 73.18±7.09 (60–96) years. The overall prevalence of AMD among the participants was 12.7%. The prevalence of early AMD was 58.4% while the prevalence of late dry and late wet AMD was 8.3% and 33.3% respectively. About 61.1% of the participants had unilateral AMD and only 38.9% were bilaterally affected. There was a significantly higher prevalence of AMD among those aged at least 80 years as compared with other age groups. The frequency of falls during the last year in the study participants was 53.7%, out of them 17.8% had AMD.

Conclusion
Prevalence of AMD was relatively high especially with increasing age. Among our participants, AMD was significantly associated with an increased risk of falls compared to nonAMD peers.