bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Swedish version of EMPATHIC‐30 translation and initial psychometric evaluation
Authors: Terp Karina , Jakobsson Ulf , Weis Janne , Lundqvist Pia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundOne way to measure quality of care is by measuring satisfaction of provided care among patients and their families. EMpowerment of PArents in THe Intensive Care 30 (EMPATHIC‐30) is a self‐reported questionnaire grounded on the principles of FCC aiming to measure parents' satisfaction with paediatric intensive care. There is lack of Swedish questionnaires measuring satisfaction with paediatric intensive care based on family‐centered care principles.AimThe aim was to translate the instrument EMpowerment of PArents in THe Intensive Care 30 (EMPATHIC‐30) into the Swedish language and evaluate psychometrically the Swedish version in a paediatric intensive care context.MethodsThe instrument EMPATHIC‐30 was translated and adapted to Swedish context, thereafter, assessed by expert panels consisting of nurses (panel one; n = 4; panel two; n = 24) and parents (n = 8) with experience in paediatric intensive care. Construct validity, item characteristics and reliability were tested in a cohort of 97 parents whose child had been treated for at least 48 h at two out of four Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICUs) in Sweden. Parents whose child died during hospitalisation were excluded.ResultsThe Swedish version of EMPATHIC‐30 showed an acceptable internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total scale 0.925. Cronbach's alpha on the domain level varied between 0.548–0.792 with the lowest coefficient in the domain Organisation. Inter‐scale correlation revealed acceptable correlations for both subscales (0.440–0.743) and between total scale and subscales (0.623–0.805), which demonstrated good homogeneity for the instrument in its entirety. One problem regarding the domain Organisation and especially the item “It was easy to contact the pediatric intensive care unit by telephone” was revealed, which indicated that the item needs to be reformulated or that the factor structure needs to be further evaluated.ConclusionThe findings from the current study indicated that the Swedish version of EMPATHIC‐30 has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used in Swedish PICUs. Using EMPATHIC‐30 in clinical practice can give an indication of the overall quality of family‐centered care at the PICU.
Daisee: Adaptive importance sampling by balancing exploration and exploitation
Authors: Lu Xiaoyu , Rainforth Tom , Teh Yee Whye 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe study adaptive importance sampling (AIS) as an online learning problem and argue for the importance of the trade‐off between exploration and exploitation in this adaptation. Borrowing ideas from the online learning literature, we propose Daisee, a partition‐based AIS algorithm. We further introduce a notion of regret for AIS and show that Daisee has cumulative pseudo‐regret, where is the number of iterations. We then extend Daisee to adaptively learn a hierarchical partitioning of the sample space for more efficient sampling and confirm the performance of both algorithms empirically.
Artificial Neural Network Models for Octane Number and Octane Sensitivity: A Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach to Fuel Design
Authors: SubLaban Amina , Kessler Travis J. , Van Dam Noah , Mack J. Hunter 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Octane sensitivity (OS), defined as the research octane number (RON) minus the motor octane number (MON) of a fuel, has gained interest among researchers due to its effect on knocking conditions in internal combustion engines. Compounds with a high OS enable higher efficiencies, especially within advanced compression ignition engines. RON/MON must be experimentally tested to determine OS, requiring time, funding, and specialized equipment. Thus, predictive models trained with existing experimental data and molecular descriptors (via quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPRs)) would allow for the preemptive screening of compounds prior to performing these experiments. The present work proposes two methods for predicting the OS of a given compound: using artificial neural networks (ANNs) trained with QSPR descriptors to predict RON and MON individually to compute OS (derived octane sensitivity (dOS)), and using ANNs trained with QSPR descriptors to directly predict OS. Twenty-five ANNs were trained for both RON and MON and their test sets achieved an overall 6.4% and 5.2% error, respectively. Twenty-five additional ANNs were trained for both dOS and OS; dOS calculations were found to have 15.3% error while predicting OS directly resulted in 9.9% error. A chemical analysis of the top QSPR descriptors for RON/MON and OS is conducted, highlighting desirable structural features for high-performing molecules and offering insight into the inner mathematical workings of ANNs; such chemical interpretations study the interconnections between structural features, descriptors, and fuel performance showing that connectivity, structural diversity, and atomic hybridization consistently drive fuel performance.
Relationships between early postnatal cranial ultrasonography linear measures and neurodevelopment at 2 years in infants born at <30 weeks’ gestational age without major brain injury
Authors: Cuzzilla Rocco , Cowan Frances M , Rogerson Sheryle , Anderson Peter J , Doyle Lex W , Cheong Jeanie Ling Yoong , Spittle Alicia 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo explore relationships of early postnatal cranial ultrasonography (cUS) linear measures of brain size and brain growth with neurodevelopment at 2 years in infants born <30 weeks’ gestational age (GA) and free of major brain injury.DesignProspective observational cohort study.SettingTertiary neonatal intensive care unit.Patients139 infants born <30 weeks’ GA, free of major brain injury on neonatal cUS and without congenital or chromosomal anomalies known to affect neurodevelopment.InterventionLinear measures of brain tissue and fluid spaces made from cUS at 1-week, 1-month and 2-months’ postnatal age.Main outcome measuresCognitive, language and motor scores on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition at 2 years’ corrected age.Results313 scans were evaluated from the 131 children who were assessed at 2 years. Larger measures of the corpus callosum at 1 week, 1 month and 2 months, cerebellum and vermis at 2 months and faster positive growth of the cerebellum and vermis between 1 month and 2 months, were related to higher cognitive and language scores at 2 years. No relation between tissue measures and motor scores was found. Larger measures, and faster rate of increase, of fluid spaces within the first weeks after birth were related to better cognitive, language and motor outcomes at 2 years.ConclusionsEarly postnatal cUS linear measures of brain tissue were related to cognitive and language development at 2 years in infants born <30 weeks’ GA without major brain injury. Relationships between cUS linear measures of fluid spaces in the early postnatal period and later neurodevelopment warrant further exploration.
Estimated impact from the withdrawal of primary care financial incentives on selected indicators of quality of care in Scotland: controlled interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Morales Daniel R , Minchin Mark , Kontopantelis Evangelos , Roland Martin , Sutton Matt , Guthrie Bruce 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
To determine whether the withdrawal of the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) scheme in primary care in Scotland in 2016 had an impact on selected recorded quality of care, compared with England where the scheme continued.

Design
Controlled interrupted time series regression analysis.

Setting
General practices in Scotland and England.

Participants
979 practices with 5 599 171 registered patients in Scotland, and 7921 practices with 56 270 628 registered patients in England in 2013-14, decreasing to 864 practices in Scotland and 6873 in England in 2018-19, mainly due to practice mergers.

Main outcome measures
Changes in quality of care at one year and three years after withdrawal of QOF financial incentives in Scotland at the end of the 2015-16 financial year for 16 indicators (two complex processes, nine intermediate outcomes, and five treatments) measured annually for financial years from 2013-14 to 2018-19.

Results

A significant decrease in performance was observed for 12 of the 16 quality of care indicators in Scotland one year after QOF was abolished and for 10 of the 16 indicators three years after QOF was abolished, compared with England. At three years, the absolute percentage point difference between Scotland and England was largest for recording (by tick box) of mental health care planning (−40.2 percentage points, 95% confidence interval −45.5 to −35.0) and diabetic foot screening (−22.8, −33.9 to −11.7). Substantial reductions were, however, also observed for intermediate outcomes, including blood pressure control in patients with peripheral arterial disease (−18.5, −22.1 to −14.9), stroke or transient ischaemic attack (−16.6, −20.6 to −12.7), hypertension (−13.7, −19.4 to −7.9), diabetes (−12.7, −15.0 to −12.4), or coronary heart disease (−12.8, −14.9 to −10.8), and for glycated haemoglobin control in people with HbA
1c
levels ≤75 mmol/mol (−5.0, −8.4 to −1.5). No significant differences were observed between Scotland and England for influenza immunisation and antiplatelet or anticoagulant treatment for coronary heart disease three years after withdrawal of incentives.

Conclusion
The abolition of financial incentives in Scotland was associated with reductions in recorded quality of care for most performance indicators. Changes to pay for performance should be carefully designed and implemented to monitor and respond to any reductions in care quality.
Methodology of economic evaluations in spine surgery: a systematic review and qualitative assessment
Authors: Droeghaag Ruud , Schuermans Valérie N E , Hermans Sem M M , Smeets Anouk Y J M , Caelers Inge J M H , Hiligsmann Mickaël , Evers Silvia , van Hemert Wouter L W , van Santbrink Henk 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThe present study is a systematic review conducted as part of a methodological approach to develop evidence-based recommendations for economic evaluations in spine surgery. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the methodology and quality of currently available clinical cost-effectiveness studies in spine surgery.Study designSystematic literature review.Data sourcesPubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EconLit and The National Institute for Health Research Economic Evaluation Database were searched through 8 December 2022.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies were included if they met all of the following eligibility criteria: (1) spine surgery, (2) the study cost-effectiveness and (3) clinical study. Model-based studies were excluded.Data extraction and synthesisThe following data items were extracted and evaluated: pathology, number of participants, intervention(s), year, country, study design, time horizon, comparator(s), utility measurement, effectivity measurement, costs measured, perspective, main result and study quality.Results130 economic evaluations were included. Seventy-four of these studies were retrospective studies. The majority of the studies had a time horizon shorter than 2 years. Utility measures varied between the EuroQol 5 dimensions and variations of the Short-Form Health Survey. Effect measures varied widely between Visual Analogue Scale for pain, Neck Disability Index, Oswestry Disability Index, reoperation rates and adverse events. All studies included direct costs from a healthcare perspective. Indirect costs were included in 47 studies. Total Consensus Health Economic Criteria scores ranged from 2 to 18, with a mean score of 12.0 over all 130 studies.ConclusionsThe comparability of economic evaluations in spine surgery is extremely low due to different study designs, follow-up duration and outcome measurements such as utility, effectiveness and costs. This illustrates the need for uniformity in conducting and reporting economic evaluations in spine surgery.
Prevalence of and factors influencing depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Zhou Keyi , Chen Jiarui , Huang Chongmei , Tang Siyuan 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionDepression and anxiety are common mental health disorders among adolescents and negatively impact their physical and mental health. Depression and anxiety also exert a tremendous economic burden to society. But in China, there is no systematic review to state the exact prevalence of adolescent depression and anxiety; there is also a lack of systematic reviews of factors that influence depression and anxiety. Hence, in this systematic review, we aim to summarise the current evidence of the prevalence of and factors influencing depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents.Methods and analysisThis protocol was developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. We will comprehensively search four English databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL in EBSCO interface, PsycINFO in ProQuest interface) and three Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang and SinoMed) for studies from inception to 31 August 2022. Screening for eligible studies and data extraction will be conducted by two reviewers independently, and all discrepancies will be resolved through group discussion.Ethics and disseminationBecause this is a review of published studies, no ethical approval is required. The results will be reported in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated at relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022299943.
Adaptation of transgene mRNA translation boosts the anticancer efficacy of oncolytic HSV1
Authors: Hoang Huy-Dung , Said Aida , Vaidya Nasana , Gilchrist Victoria H , Malone Kyle , Kabilan Usha , Topshee Serena , Xiang Xiao , Yang An-Dao , Olagnier David , Mossman Karen , Beug Shawn T , Jafarnejad Seyed Mehdi , Workenhe Samuel T , Graber Tyson E , Alain Tommy 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundTransgenes deliver therapeutic payloads to improve oncolytic virus immunotherapy. Transgenes encoded within oncolytic viruses are designed to be highly transcribed, but protein synthesis is often negatively affected by viral infection, compromising the amount of therapeutic protein expressed. Studying the oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV1), we found standard transgene mRNAs to be suboptimally translated in infected cells.MethodsUsing RNA-Seq reads, we determined the transcription start sites and 5'leaders of HSV1 genes and uncovered the US11 5'leader to confer superior activity in translation reporter assays. We then incorporated this 5’leader into GM-CSF expression cassette in oncolytic HSV1 and compared the translationally adapted oncolytic virus with the conventional, leaderless, virusin vitroand in mice.ResultsInclusion of the US11 5’leader in the GM-CSF transgene incorporated into HSV1 boosted translationin vitroandin vivo. Importantly, treatment with US11 5’leader-GM-CSF oncolytic HSV1 showed superior antitumor immune activity and improved survival in a syngeneic mouse model of colorectal cancer as compared with leaderless-GM-CSF HSV1.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates the therapeutic value of identifying and integrating platform-specificcis-acting sequences that confer increased protein synthesis on transgene expression.
Effect of ramp slope on the efficiency of hump weirs in free flow condition
Authors: Azimi Amir H. , Ahmadi Arash , Baki Abul B.M. 
Published: March 2023

A series of numerical simulations was performed to study the discharge capacity of symmetrical hump weirs in free flow condition. A wide range of ramp slopes was selected from 1 V:1 H to 1 V:5 H and the effects of flow discharge and ramp slope on variations of discharge coefficient were investigated. The variations of upstream water head with discharge indicated the existence of two distinct flow regimes on free flow over symmetrical hump weirs. It was found that the discharge coefficient increased with increasing the upstream water head until the maximum discharge coefficient was achieved. Further increase of water head caused a reduction in discharge coefficient and the flow regime became inefficient. The proposed models for prediction of discharge characteristics of sharp-crested weirs with an upstream and (or) downstream ramp(s) from the literature were also compared with the discharge capacity of sharp-crested weirs to study the effects of ramp slope. It was found that the available head–discharge models are acceptable for hump weirs with small ramp length and more accurate prediction models are required for symmetrical hump weirs with larger ramps. The boundary curve to determine the optimum performance in symmetrical hump weirs was introduced, and the head–discharge models for both efficient and inefficient discharge conditions were proposed.
3D PRINTING OF A CRANIAL IMPLANT WITH ENERGY-ABSORBING POLYMER VIA ARBURG PLASTIC FREEFORMING TECHNOLOGY
Authors: MELE M. , CERCENELLI L. , PISANESCHI G. , FIORINI M. , ZUCCHELLI A. , CAMPANA G. , TARSITANO A. , MARCELLI E. 
Published: March 2023

Additive Manufacturing (AM) brings ground-breaking opportunities to provide customized healthcare solutions with reasonable time and cost. These benefits become more evident if reducing the distance between the printing process and surgery. In this direction, the Arburg Plastic Freeforming (APF) process offers unprecedented opportunities. The absence of hazardous feedstock materials such as powders allows for the utilization of this technology within hospitals. Also, unlike traditional AM processes, APF makes it possible to process medically approved standard granulates without compromising their certification. In this study, APF has been used to manufacture, for the first time, a patient-specific cranial implant (PSCI) using a biocompatible polymer with a high energy absorption capability, namely, PolyCarbonate Urethane (PCU). The main technological issue was represented by the lack of a solvable support material compatible with PCU. This obstacle was overcome by a custom support structure made of the same material, which can be removed at the end of the process with limited damage to the PSCI. The orientation of the part within the building chamber was chosen to optimize the accuracy of critical features and the surface quality of the regions facing the brain. The 3D-printed cranial implant showed high toughness during mechanical impact tests.
Hoping for the Best as AI Evolves
Authors: Marcus Gary 
Published: March 2023

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Gary Marcus on the systems that "pose a real and imminent threat to the fabric of society."
Перспективи застосування імуногістохімічних методів у діагностиці та прогнозуванні клінічного перебігу генералізованого пародонтиту (огляд літератури)
Authors: Гасюк Н. В. , Радчук В. Б. 
Published: March 2023

Резюме. Бурхливий розвиток морфології дозволив значно розширити уявлення про механізми клітинної перебудови за умови впливу екзогенних чинників та при запальних і проліферативних процесах. Висока специфічність та діагностична інформативність імуногістохімічних маркерів щодо формування прогностичних критеріїв клінічного перебігу захворювань тканин пародонта та деталізації патогенетичних механізмів даної нозології спонукає до їх глибшого вивчення.
Мета дослідження – проаналізувати літературні джерела з характеристикою імуногістохімічних методів у діагностиці та прогнозуванні клінічного перебігу генералізованого пародонтиту.
Матеріали і методи. Огляд та аналіз наукової і медичної літератури на основі баз даних Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, NCBI, вивчення яких не перевищує 10 років, включаючи огляди літератури та результати клінічних випробувань.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Ідентифікація клітинного складу ясен при генералізованому пародонтиті є джерелом біоматеріалу для ідентифікації специфічних кластерів диференціації, які несуть високу інформативність щодо діагностики та прогнозування клінічного перебігу пародонтиту. Так, наприклад, експресія у клітинних інфільтратах власної пластинки ясен при генералізованому пародонтиті специфічних маркерів, таких, як CD-4, CD-3, CD-20, Kі-67, CD-68 свідчить про певні патофізіологічні процеси при генералізованому пародонтиті та може бути цінним прогностичним критерієм на різних етапах розвитку даного захворювання.
Висновки. Епітеліоцити слизової оболонки порожнини рота є стратегічно важливою ланкою у виникненні запальних процесів слизової оболонки та тканин пародонта і предметом молекулярно-генетичних та імуногістохімічних досліджень у стоматології.
Обґрунтування доцільності застосування місцевої анестезії в амбулаторному стоматологічному лікуванні підлітків
Authors: Гасюк Н. В. , Радчук В. Б. 
Published: March 2023

Резюме. Одним із найважливіших та революційних досягнень у медицині XIX ст. стало відкриття загального знеболювання та початок «ери анестезії». Як відомо, значний об’єм стоматологічних втручань супроводжується болісними відчуттями, тому знеболювання є одним із найважливіших етапів лікування у сучасній стоматології. Особливо актуальним дане явище є для специфічного контингенту пацієнтів, таких, як діти та підлітки, на фоні психоемоційного формування їх особистості та особливої вразливості щодо сприйняття болю з подальшим формуванням взаємодовірливих відносин між стоматологом та пацієнтом.
Мета дослідження – проаналізувати літературні джерела для формулювання доцільності застосування місцевої анестезії в амбулаторному стоматологічному лікуванні підлітків.
Матеріали і методи. Огляд та аналіз наукової та медичної літератури на основі баз даних Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, NCBI, вивчення яких не перевищує 10 років, включаючи огляди літератури та результати клінічних досліджень.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Контингент пацієнтів дитячого та підліткового віку, будучи одними з найскладніших для стоматологічного лікування, піддається страху та тривозі через брак попереднього досвіду. Навички долати вищенаведені стани є недостатньо розвиненими або відсутніми, і як наслідок, немає стимулу до співпраці між пацієнтом та лікарем. Базуючись на особливостях підліткового періоду, а саме психологічній та фізіологічній нестабільності, виражена тривожність і страх потенційно можуть посилити сприйняття болю. З цією метою впроваджено предмети та засоби, які знижують дискомфорт у момент проведення анестезії, що дозволяє максимально точно досягнути кінцевого пункту та чітко дозувати препарат.
Висновки. Ефективність знеболювання на амбулаторному стоматологічному прийомі, особливо дитячого та підліткового віку, залежить не тільки від мануальних навичок лікаря, а й від його теоретичної підготовки щодо фармакології лікарських засобів, психології роботи з даним контингентом пацієнтів. Якщо раніше в стоматології дитячого віку нерідко використовувався підхід «лікувати дитину за будь-яку ціну у відведений для неї час», то сьогодні сучасні тенденції до надання стоматологічної допомоги населенню диктують: «Лікувати безболісно з підвищеним ступенем комфорту для дитини та її батьків». Поява нових засобів та способів знеболювання дозволяє лікарю досягти високого професійного рівня у роботі.