bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The pharmacological mechanism of chaihu-jia-longgu-muli-tang for treating depression: integrated meta-analysis and network pharmacology analysis
Authors: Zhao Yang , Xu Dan , Wang Jing , Zhou Dandan , Liu Anlan , Sun Yingying , Yuan Yuan , Li Jianxiang , Guo Weifeng 
Published: September 2023

Aim: Chaihu-jia-Longgu-Muli-tang (CLM) is derived from “Shang Han Lun” and is traditionally prescribed for treating depression. However, there is still a lack of evidence for its antidepressant effects, and the underlying mechanism is also unclear. This study aimed to assess clinical evidence on the efficacy of CLM in patients with depression using a meta-analysis and to explore its underlying antidepressant molecular mechanisms via network pharmacology.Methods: Eight open databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of CLM alone or combined with serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in patients with depression, evaluating the total effective rate of the treatment group (CLM alone or combined with SSRIs/SNRIs) and the control group (SNRIs or SSRIs), and comparing changes in depression scale, anxiety scale, sleep scale, inflammation indicators and adverse effects. Subsequently, the active ingredients and target genes of CLM were screened through six databases. Then Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and topology analysis were performed. Finally, Molecular docking was applied to evaluate the binding affinity between components and predicted targets.Results: Twenty-four RCTs with a total of 2,382 patients were included. For the efficacy of antidepression and adverse effects, whether CLM alone or in combination with SSRIs/SNRIs, the treatment group has no inferior to that of the control group. Additionally, the intervention of CLM + SSRI significantly improved the symptoms of anxiety and insomnia, and reduced serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels. For network pharmacology, a total of 129 compounds and 416 intersection targets in CLM were retrieved. The interaction pathway between CLM and depression is mainly enriched in PI3K-Akt, JAK-STAT, and NF-κB signaling pathway, PIK3R1, MAPK3, and AKT1 may be the potential targets of Stigmasterol, β-stiosterol, coumestrol.Conclusion: Compared to SSRIs/SNRIs alone, CLM is more effective and safe in treating depression. It not only significantly alleviates depressive mood, but improves symptoms such as anxiety and insomnia, with fewer side effects, especially in combination with SSRI. Its antidepressant mechanism may be correlated with the regulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inhibiting inflammatory response.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1,2,3-triazole hybrids of cabotegravir: identification of potent antitumor activity against lung cancer
Authors: Guo Yajie , Sang Dan , Guo Bin , Wang Dan , Xu Xinyue , Wang Huili , Hou Cuilan , Mao Longfei , Li Fang , Li Sanqiang 
Published: September 2023

In pursuit of discovering novel anticancer agents, we designed and synthesized a series of novel 1,2,3-triazole hybrids based on cabotegravir analogues. These compounds were subjected to initial biological evaluations to assess their anticancer activities against non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our findings indicated that some of these compounds exhibited promising antitumor abilities against H460 cells, while demonstrated less efficacy against H1299 cells. Notably, compound 5i emerged as the most potent, displaying an IC50 value of 6.06 μM. Furthermore, our investigations into cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production revealed that compound 5i significantly induced apoptosis and triggered ROS generation. Additionally, Western blot analysis revealed the pronounced elevation of LC3 expression in H460 cells and γ-H2AX expression in H1299 cells subsequent to treatment with compound 5i. These molecular responses potentially contribute to the observed cell death phenomenon. These findings highlight the potential of compound 5i as a promising candidate for further development as an anticancer agent especially lung cancer.
Cardiorespiratory coupling in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
Authors: Fahlman A. , Mcknight J. C. , Blawas A. M. , West N. , Torrente A. G. , Aoki K. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is an intermittent breather, where the breath begins with an exhalation followed by inhalation and an extended inter-breath interval ranging from 10 to 40 s. Breathing has been shown to alter both the instantaneous heart rate (ifH) and stroke volume (iSV) in the bottlenose dolphin, with a transitory ventilatory tachycardia following the breath, and an exponential decrease to a stable ifH around 40 beats • min−1 during the inter-breath period. As the total breath duration in the dolphin is around 1 s, it is not possible to assess the contribution of exhalation and inhalation to these changes in cardiac function during normal breathing.Methods: In the current study, we evaluated the ifH response by separating expiration and inspiration of a breath, which allowed us to distinguish their respective contribution to the changes in ifH. We studied 3 individual male bottlenose dolphins trained to hold their breath between the different respiratory phases (expiration and inhalation).Results: Our data show that inspiration causes an increase in ifH, while expiration appears to result in a decrease in ifH.Discussion: These data provide improved understanding of the cardiorespiratory coupling in dolphins, and show how both exhalation and inhalation alters ifH.
Quantifying physiological trait variation with automated hyperspectral imaging in rice
Authors: Ting To-Chia , Souza Augusto C. M. , Imel Rachel K. , Guadagno Carmela R. , Hoagland Chris , Yang Yang , Wang Diane R. 
Published: September 2023

Advancements in hyperspectral imaging (HSI) together with the establishment of dedicated plant phenotyping facilities worldwide have enabled high-throughput collection of plant spectral images with the aim of inferring target phenotypes. Here, we test the utility of HSI-derived canopy data, which were collected as part of an automated plant phenotyping system, to predict physiological traits in cultivated Asian rice (Oryza sativa). We evaluated 23 genetically diverse rice accessions from two subpopulations under two contrasting nitrogen conditions and measured 14 leaf- and canopy-level parameters to serve as ground-reference observations. HSI-derived data were used to (1) classify treatment groups across multiple vegetative stages using support vector machines (≥ 83% accuracy) and (2) predict leaf-level nitrogen content (N, %, n=88) and carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N, n=88) with Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) following RReliefF wavelength selection (validation: R2 = 0.797 and RMSEP = 0.264 for N; R2 = 0.592 and RMSEP = 1.688 for C:N). Results demonstrated that models developed using training data from one rice subpopulation were able to predict N and C:N in the other subpopulation, while models trained on a single treatment group were not able to predict samples from the other treatment. Finally, optimization of PLSR-RReliefF hyperparameters showed that 300-400 wavelengths generally yielded the best model performance with a minimum calibration sample size of 62. Results support the use of canopy-level hyperspectral imaging data to estimate leaf-level N and C:N across diverse rice, and this work highlights the importance of considering calibration set design prior to data collection as well as hyperparameter optimization for model development in future studies.
Transcription factors NF-YB involved in embryogenesis and hormones responses in Dimocarpus Longan Lour
Authors: Tang Mengjie , Gao Xiaoli , Meng Wenyong , Lin Jindi , Zhao Guanghui , Lai Zhongxiong , Lin Yuling , Chen Yukun 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionNF-YB transcription factor is an important regulatory factor in plant embryonic development.ResultsIn this study, 15 longan NF-YB (DlNF-YB) family genes were systematically identified in the whole genome of longan, and a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of DlNF-YB family was performed. Comparative transcriptome analysis of DlNF-YBs expression in different tissues, early somatic embryogenesis (SE), and under different light and temperature treatments revealed its specific expression profiles and potential biological functions in longan SE. The qRT-PCR results implied that the expression patterns of DlNF-YBs were different during SE and the zygotic embryo development of longan. Supplementary 2,4-D, NPA, and PP333 in longan EC notably inhibited the expression of DlNF-YBs; ABA, IAA, and GA3 suppressed the expressions of DlNF-YB6 and DlNF-YB9, but IAA and GA3 induced the other DlNF-YBs. Subcellular localization indicated that DlNF-YB6 and DlNF-YB9 were located in the nucleus. Furthermore, verification by the modified 5'RNA Ligase Mediated Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (5' RLM-RACE) method demonstrated that DlNF-YB6 was targeted by dlo-miR2118e, and dlo-miR2118e regulated longan somatic embryogenesis (SE) by targeting DlNF-YB6. Compared with CaMV35S- actuated GUS expression, DlNF-YB6 and DlNF-YB9 promoters significantly drove GUS expression. Meanwhile, promoter activities were induced to the highest by GA3 but suppressed by IAA. ABA induced the activities of the promoter of DlNF-YB9, whereas it inhibited the promoter of DlNF-YB6.DiscussionHence, DlNF-YB might play a prominent role in longan somatic and zygotic embryo development, and it is involved in complex plant hormones signaling pathways.
Contemporary practices of physical trainers in professional soccer: A qualitative study
Authors: Barrera-Díaz Joel , Figueiredo António J. , Field Adam , Ferreira Bruno , Querido Sérgio M. , Silva João Renato , Ribeiro João , Pinto Ismael , Cornejo Patricio , Torres Hernan , Saffa Alvaro , Sarmento Hugo 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionPhysical trainers (PTs) are integral for managing load, reducing injury and optimizing performance in professional soccer. However, little is known about how this practitioners operate in the applied setting and how some of the nuances experienced influence practice.MethodsThis study explored the contemporary practices of PTs in professional soccer. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with eight PTs from different professional teams in European and South American leagues. Interview questions were designed to extract information on the evaluation of physical abilities, monitoring and control of training and injury prevention. Subsequently, the interviews were video-recorded, transcribed, translated and analyzed using a content analysis approach.ResultsThe results suggest that the evaluation of physical capacities is carried out by PTs at the beginning of the preseason. It also appears that it is attempted that this process of regular testing is applied during the competitive period, with most participants conducting partial physiological and physical evaluations at different stages throughout the competitive season. In relation to the monitoring and control of training, subjective feedback scales are used to estimate the internal load, and the use of GPS devices is common to quantify external loads. Injury prevention programmes were implemented by all participants and were generally in a multi-component format focused on preventing or optimizing physical capabilities.DiscussionThese insights can be used as a scientific reference point to inform applied practice in professional soccer, especially for practitioners that are inexperienced and aspiring to enhance how they operate in the field. Future investigations should explore the practices of PTs in detail and across a wider network in order to gain deeper and comprehensive insights into the applied soccer environment.
Well-being, character strengths, and depression in emerging adults
Authors: Brito Almir Diego , Soares Adriana B. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionEmerging adulthood is a period of transition between adolescence and adulthood, during which individuals explore different roles and possibilities. This period is often characterized by high levels of stress and uncertainty, which can increase the risk of depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between emerging adulthood dimensions, well-being, character strengths and depression, as well as to verify the differences in the levels of these elements among different groups of depressive symptomatology.MethodsParticipants were 1,060 individuals (741 females, 305 males) between the ages of 18 and 30 years (M = 22.3, SD = 3.72). Spearman’s correlation, linear regression, and Kruskal- Wallis with pairwise post-hoc analyses were used to analyze the data.ResultsThere were significant positive correlations between emerging adulthood dimensions, well-being, and character strengths, and negative correlations between these variables and depression. There were also significant differences in the means of the evaluated constructs among the symptomm groups.DiscussionThe findings suggest that emerging adulthood dimensions, well-being, and character strengths are all associated with depression in emerging adults and have important implications for the provision of interventions in health and education for emerging adults. The study provides a deeper understanding of the factors influencing depression during emerging adulthood and emphasize the importance of promoting positive psychology elements and developing personalized interventions for emerging adults. This also suggest that public policies related to mental health and education should take into account the unique needs of emerging adults.
The development and validation of the hospital organizational environment scale for medical staff in China
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Jingwen , Feng Xingmiao , Liang Yan , Guan Zhongjun , Meng Kai 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThere is currently no measure of the hospital organizational environment targeting both clinicians and nurses in China. This study was conducted with the aim of developing and testing an instrument to assess the properties of the hospital organizational environment that is applicable to Chinese medical staff.MethodsItems were developed based on a literature review, semi-structured interviews and an expert review and finalized based on corrected item-total correlation, content validity, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity and reliability. The two samples for testing the first and final version of the Hospital Organizational Environment Scale (HOES) included 447 and 424 participants, respectively.ResultsThe primary test, which comprised 18 items, contained four factors: hospital culture, work situation, organizational support and scientific research situation. The Cronbach’s alphas were 0.935, 0.824, 0.943, and 0.920, respectively. The results of the validation test showed that the questionnaire had good validity and reliability.ConclusionThe HOES is a comprehensive instrument with demonstrated validity and reliability that can be adopted among medical staff to assess the organizational environment in hospitals.
Developing an infection prevention and control intervention to reduce hospital-acquired infections in Cambodia and Lao People’s Democratic Republic: the HAI-PC study protocol
Authors: Oy Sreymom , Saing Chan Hang , Ung Mengieng , Zahari Marina , Nouhak Inthavong , Kim Sothea , Nagashima-Hayashi Michiko , Khuon Dyna , Koy Virya , Mam Sovatha , Sayasone Somphou , Saphonn Vonthanak , Yi Siyan 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundHospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are significant public health issues, especially in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Hand hygiene and low-level disinfection of equipment practices among healthcare workers are some of the essential measures to reduce HAIs. Various infection prevention and control (IPC) interventions to reduce HAI incidence have been developed. However, effective interventions have not been well developed in the LMICs context. Therefore, this protocol aims to develop, pilot, and assess the feasibility and acceptability of an IPC intervention in Cambodia and the Lao People’s Democratic Republic.MethodsThis study will consist of four phases guided by the Medical Research Council (MRC) Framework. Three hospitals will be purposely selected – each from the district, provincial, and national levels – in each country. The gap analysis will be conducted in Phase 1 to explore IPC practices among healthcare workers at each hospital through desk reviews, direct observation of hand hygiene and low-level disinfection of equipment practices, in-depth interviews with healthcare workers, and key informant interviews with stakeholders. In Phase 2, an IPC intervention will be developed based on the results of Phase 1 and interventions selected from a systematic literature review of IPC interventions in LMICs. In Phase 3, the developed intervention will be piloted in the hospitals chosen in Phase 1. In Phase 4, the feasibility and acceptability of the developed intervention will be assessed among healthcare workers and representatives at the selected hospitals. National consultative workshops in both countries will be conducted to validate the developed intervention with the national technical working groups.DiscussionThe MRC Framework will be employed to develop and evaluate an intervention to reduce HAIs in two LMICs. This theoretical framework will be used to explore the factors influencing hand hygiene compliance among healthcare workers. The gap analysis results will allow us to develop a comprehensive IPC intervention to reduce HAI incidence in Cambodia and Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Findings from this protocol will feed into promising IPC interventions to reduce HAI incidence in other resource-limited settings.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrial.Gov, identifier NCT05547373.
Health professionals who have worked in COVID-19 immunization centers suffer the effects of violence
Authors: Brunelli Laura , Scarpis Enrico , Lo Presti Tancredi , Fiorillo Francesca , Campanella Fabio , Zuliani Paola , Farneti Federico , Croci Eleonora , Pellizzari Barbara , Cocconi Roberto , Arnoldo Luca 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe phenomenon violence against health professionals has received increasing attention in recent years because of its frequency and significant impact on victims’ mental health and disruption of health services. Despite this attention, little is known about the incidence of workplace violence in the highly politicized immunization services. Therefore, we decided to examine the prevalence of workplace violence in the COVID-19 immunization campaign, the risk and protective factors, and the impact on victims’ mental health.MethodsBetween March and April 2022, we conducted an anonymous online survey among health professionals working in COVID-19 vaccination centers in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region (Italy). We used the Questionnaire for Workplace Violence in Healthcare Settings and the Impact of Event Scale–Revised.ResultsOf the 200 participants, 93 (46.5%) reported being victims of an act of violence during the vaccination campaign, 60 of them verbally and 7 physically. In 35.5% of cases, the IES score indicated a possible post-traumatic stress reaction in the victim. Opinions on measures to prevent violence and support workers in the workplace differed according to the sex of the health professional, with women emphasizing the need for self-defense training and improvement of security arrangements (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionOne-third of health professionals involved in the COVID-19 immunization campaign reported that their mental health was affected by workplace violence. Public health professionals dealing with politicized and debated issues such as immunization should receive more attention, as should the implementation of a more structured and multidisciplinary approach to the problem within healthcare organizations.
Molecular Flashlights That Light up Science
Authors: Chalfie Martin 
Published: September 2023

This article is based on an interview between Prof. Martin Chalfie and Noa Segev.Scientists investigate things by observation. They look at a phenomenon that interests them and try to understand it, using the most advanced tools they have. It is often challenging for scientists to see and measure what they want to study, often because they want to go beyond what had been previously seen. The development of modern imaging techniques has allowed scientists to see things that they could not see before. In this article, I will tell you about one of those breakthroughs in imaging, based on a wonderful glowing protein called green fluorescent protein (GFP). GFP not only changed my life, but the lives of many other scientists, and ultimately of many non-scientists as well. Among other things, GFP allows us to detect and observe the activity of proteins and whole cells in living animals, and to detect the activity of genes that code for specific proteins. By the end of this article, I hope you will understand much more about GFP and how it lights up science.
Effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride 38% on reduction of gingivitis in dogs: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kern Amarett , Renteria Tammy (White) , Rothen Marilynn L. , Mancl Lloyd A. , Milgrom Peter 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionPeriodontal disease is a ubiquitous disease in small animal veterinary medicine. Currently regular professional dental cleaning and daily tooth brushing are considered gold standards in the prevention of periodontal disease. Efforts to find a noninvasive, cost effective and easy to use preventative for periodontal disease are ongoing. The primary objective of this double-blind randomized clinical trial was to determine if a single application of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) 38% on the buccal surface of all teeth would reduce gingivitis within 3 months in dogs with stage two periodontal disease.MethodsTwenty-nine client-owned dogs 3–12 years old, 6–35 pounds were randomized 1:1 into active and placebo-control groups. Both groups underwent a baseline treatment and a three-month follow-up under general anesthesia. Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), and Calculus Index (CI) were assessed and recorded at each event.ResultsA single application of SDF 38% did not significantly lower GI relative to the control group. However, the GI score dropped significantly in both groups relative to baseline, with a 53% reduction in the average GI score for dogs that received SDF 38% treatment and a 44% reduction for dogs that received placebo treatment. There were no differences in PI or CI scores compared to control groups.ConclusionFurther research is needed to determine if a more frequent application or a longer study duration would yield a different outcome.