bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Geometric Interpretation for the Algebraic Properties of Second‐Order Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Paliathanasis A. , Moyo S. , Leach P. G. L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNowadays, a substantial portion of investigations concerning the symmetry analysis of differential equations predominantly adhere to a framework comprising the following key procedures: (i) the derivation of symmetries, (ii) the determination of an optimal system, (iii) the utilization of these symmetries to construct invariants or conservation laws, facilitating reductions, and where applicable, (iv) the construction of solutions. This reinforces the understanding of symmetry analysis and explores the application of differential geometry and physics to the analysis of selected problems. A demonstration of the utility of symmetries in offering concise solutions for previously extensively studied problems is given with the specific linearization of the Ermakov–Pinney equation and that of another nonmaximal symmetric equation, showcasing how differential geometry can chart novel pathways in the realm of symmetry analysis is given.
A Generalized Single‐Step Multi‐Stage Time Integration Formulation and Novel Designs With Improved Stability and Accuracy
Authors: Wang Yazhou , Adams Nikolaus A. , Tamma Kumar K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper focuses upon the single‐step multi‐stage time integration methods for second‐order time‐dependent systems. Firstly, a new and novel generalization of the Runge‐Kutta (RK) and Runge‐Kutta‐Nyström (RKN) methods is proposed, featuring an advanced Butcher table for designing new and optimal algorithms. It encompasses not only the classical multi‐stage methods as subsets, but also introduces novel designs with enhanced accuracy, stability, and numerical dissipation/dispersion properties. Secondly, to sharpen the focus on the present developments, several existing multi‐stage explicit time integration methods (which are of interest and the focus of this paper) are revisited within the proposed unified mathematical framework, such that it highlights the differences, advantages, and disadvantages of various existing methods. Thirdly, the consistency analysis is rigorously demonstrated using both single‐step and multi‐step local truncation errors, addressing the order reduction problem observed in existing methods when applied to nonlinear dynamics problems. Finally, two sets of single‐step, two‐stage, third‐order time‐accurate schemes with controllable numerical dissipation/dispersion at the bifurcation point are presented. In contrast to existing methods, these newly proposed schemes preserve third‐order time accuracy in nonlinear dynamics applications and exhibit improved stability in cases involving physical damping. Numerical examples are demonstrated to verify the theoretical analysis and the superior performance of the proposed schemes compared to existing methods.
Factors Influencing Nursing Interns' Engagement in Fall Prevention Activities in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Asiri Saeed , Kerari Ali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo assess the knowledge, attitudes and engagement of nursing interns regarding fall prevention activities during their internship within hospital settings.DesignThis study used a cross‐sectional design.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional, descriptive, correlational study. A convenience sample of 187 nursing interns was recruited from three hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire was administered to the participants to collect data on their demographics, knowledge, attitudes and engagement in fall prevention. The collected data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.ResultsThe participants exhibited insufficient knowledge, relatively negative attitudes and acceptable fall prevention engagement. There was a low‐to‐moderate positive association only between attitude and fall prevention engagement. Moreover, hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that attitude was the only predictor for fall prevention engagement.ConclusionFall prevention is an important subject that needs more attention from nursing programmes in universities and preceptorship programmes in hospitals to enhance nursing interns' attitudes, knowledge and practices in this regard.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe findings of this research could be beneficial for clinical coordinators and faculty members to enhance nursing interns' engagement in preventing falls among at‐risk patients.Patient or Public ContributionParticipants were not involved in the design, conduct, reporting or dissemination of this research.
Development and validation of the Food Noise Questionnaire
Authors: Diktas Hanim E. , Cardel Michelle I. , Foster Gary D. , LeBlanc Monique M. , Dickinson Stephanie L. , Ables Erin M. , Chen Xiwei , Nathan Rebecca , Shapiro Danielle , Martin Corby K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveFood noise has received attention in the media, although no validated questionnaires exist to measure it. This study developed and tested the reliability and validity of the Food Noise Questionnaire (FNQ).MethodsParticipants (N = 400) successfully completed, the FNQ and a demographic questionnaire and self‐reported weight and height. A subsample (n = 150) completed the FNQ 7 days later for test–retest reliability, and this subsample's first FNQ data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis. The remaining subsample (n = 250) completed two preoccupation with food questionnaires to test convergent validity, along with mood, anxiety, and stress questionnaires to test for discriminant validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using this subsample's FNQ data.ResultsData from 396 participants were analyzed (4 participants did not complete all FNQ items). The FNQ had excellent internal consistency reliability (Cronbach α = 0.93) and high test–retest reliability (r = 0.79; p < 0.001; mean [SD] = 7.4 [1.0] days between administration). Factor analyses found that the five FNQ items loaded onto a single factor, with good fit indices (χ2[5] = 52.87, p < 0.001; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.20; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.95; standardized root mean squared residual [SRMR] = 0.03). The FNQ showed good convergent (all r > 0.78; p < 0.001) and discriminant (all r < 0.39; p < 0.001) validity.ConclusionsThe FNQ provides a psychometrically reliable and valid measure of food noise, although further research is needed to evaluate its clinical utility.
Aligning strategic and participatory approaches to agri‐environment scheme design and implementation to enhance nature recovery outcomes
Authors: Baker D. J. , Nye C. , Wheeler R. , Masquelier C. , Binner A. , Gaston K. J. , Heard M. S. , Lobley M. , Smith D. , Maclean I. M. D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Nature recovery requires the provisioning of resources in the right place and in sufficient quantities to support wildlife populations and improve ecological processes. Agri‐environment schemes (AES) have been a major mechanism for delivering environmental management across EU‐farmed landscapes, but measured benefits to nature are often negligible in large part due to a lack of strategic spatial targeting of management actions.

As an example, AES in England are often delivered using a participatory strategy, typically at individual farm scale, with types of management agreements and uptake reflecting the business model and interests of each farm. However, this implementation model can result in poorly distributed conservation resources and, consequently, a failure to recover nature across larger scales, even if individual agreements are delivered well.

Achieving effective, large‐scale nature recovery through AES requires aligning its implementation with spatially targeted approaches that prioritise specific conservation goals. We discuss the rationale for, and major barriers to, aligning AES design and implementation to these approaches. We then highlight how, through the framework of systematic conservation planning, both the strategic and participatory components of AES could be aligned better to enhance nature recovery outcomes.

To ensure AES help achieve nature recovery goals, clear and measurable targets must be set with the type and spatial configuration of actions designed to enable meeting targets. Strategic spatial targeting must also be carried out with the implementation phase in mind, accounting for socio‐economic opportunities and barriers to engagement and acknowledging that uncertainties around farm‐scale implementation mean plans must be adaptable. Participatory approaches for AES design and implementation that support the delivery of spatially targeted management actions are required, most notably by facilitating collaboration or cooperation across farm holdings.

For AES to contribute effectively to nature recovery goals, aligning strategic and participatory approaches in its design and implementation is crucial. This requires uniting knowledge across disciplines and cultures and ensuring that information is shared to support progressive refinement of scheme design and guidance towards achieving overall nature recovery goals.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Comparative Efficacy of Different Cognitive Behavior Therapy Delivery Formats for Depression in Patients With Cancer: A Network Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Duan Liyang , Zhang Shu , Yan Qianwen , Hu Xiaolin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCognitive behavior therapy (CBT) has been shown to be effective in improving depression in patients with cancer. However, diversity exists in the CBT delivery formats, and the optimal delivery format remains unconfirmed.ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy of different delivery formats of CBT interventions on depression in patients with cancer.DesignNetwork meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials.Data SourceSix databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and PsycINFO, were searched from inception to May 30, 2024.MethodsTwo reviewers independently conducted study inclusion, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. A pairwise meta‐analysis and a network meta‐analysis were performed sequentially to determine the efficacy of CBT delivery formats for improving depression in patients with cancer.ResultsA total of 34 randomized controlled trials involving six delivery formats of CBT were included. Face‐to‐face group CBT (SMD = −0.88, 95% CI [−1.33, −0.44]), internet‐based individual CBT (SMD = −0.49, 95% CI [−0.92, −0.06]), app‐based individual CBT (SMD = −0.81, 95% CI [−1.45, −0.18]), and combined delivery formats of CBT for individual (SMD = −0.35, 95% CI [−0.62, −0.09]) were significantly more effective than the inactive control. The ranking probabilities revealed that face‐to‐face group CBT (P‐score = 0.86), app‐based individual CBT (P‐score = 0.74) and internet‐based individual CBT (P‐score = 0.57) were the three most effective delivery formats of CBT.ConclusionsThis study revealed the efficacy ranking of different CBT delivery formats in improving depression in patients with cancer. These findings are expected to provide evidence‐based support for future research and clinical decision making for improving depression in patients with cancer.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO (CRD42024553977)
Cognitive‐Behavioral Intervention for Children With Hematological Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Melesse Tenaw Gualu , Li William Ho Cheung , Chau Janita Pak Chun , Yimer Mulugeta Ayalew , Gidey Abdulkadir Mohamedsaid , Yitayih Sewbesew 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveCognitive‐behavioral intervention (CBI) has shown positive effects in improving psychological and health‐related outcomes in children with cancer. However, no evidence has been found in Ethiopia. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of CBI on anxiety, depression and quality of life (QoL) in Ethiopian children with hematological cancer receiving chemotherapy.MethodsA parallel, two‐armed, assessor‐blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted among 76 children randomized (1:1) to receive CBI or usual medical care. The intervention group received five weekly face‐to‐face CBI sessions of 30–40 min each, which included an introduction to CBI; identifying and challenging maladaptive thoughts, beliefs and behavior; behavior activation; deep breathing exercises; and treatment evaluation and relapse prevention. The outcomes were measured at baseline (T0), immediately post‐intervention (T1) and 1 month post‐intervention (T2).ResultsThe intervention group showed a significant reduction in anxiety scores from T0 at T1 (β = −6.67, 95% CI [−9.16, −4.19], p < 0.001) and T2 (β = −8.14, 95% CI [−10.70, −5.57], p < 0.001), depression at T1 (β = −4.09, 95% CI [−6.94, −1.23], p = 0.005) and T2 (β = −6.12, 95% CI [−9.10, −3.13], p < 0.001) and improvement in QoL at T2 (β = 3.02, 95% CI [0.49, 5.56], p = 0.019) compared with the control group.ConclusionsCBI has positive effects in reducing anxiety and depression and in improving QoL in children with hematological cancer receiving chemotherapy. The results suggest the need to incorporate CBI into pediatric hematology‐oncology and studies on its long‐term effects and cost‐effectiveness are warranted.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05270655). Registered on 08 March 2022.
Detection of Dense Subhypergraphs by Low‐Degree Polynomials
Authors: Dhawan Abhishek , Mao Cheng , Wein Alexander S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDetection of a planted dense subgraph in a random graph is a fundamental statistical and computational problem that has been extensively studied in recent years. We study a hypergraph version of the problem. Let denote the ‐uniform Erdős–Rényi hypergraph model with vertices and edge density . We consider detecting the presence of a planted subhypergraph in a hypergraph, where and . Focusing on tests that are degree‐ polynomials of the entries of the adjacency tensor, we determine the threshold between the easy and hard regimes for the detection problem. More precisely, for , the threshold is given by , and for , the threshold is given by . Our results are already new in the graph case , as we consider the subtle log‐density regime where hardness based on average‐case reductions is not known. Our proof of low‐degree hardness is based on a conditional variant of the standard low‐degree likelihood calculation.
Structural and Morphological Study of MnOx‐C Nanocomposite on Calcination Temperature Dependence
Authors: Hamana Djamel , Zemieche Abdelmalik , Chetibi Loubna , Frégnaux M. , Achour S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNanosized manganese oxides are considered among the most promising materials for energy storage devices and cancer theranostic applications. Their properties can be significantly influenced by their structural, morphological, and oxidation characteristics at the nanoscale. In this work, Mn oxide‐C nanocomposites (in the range of 10 nm) are synthesized using a green route. Olive leaf extract is used as an organic medium, reducing agent, and carbon source. The prepared nanopowders are then calcined at various temperatures within the typical range for Mn oxides (from 200°C to 1000°C). Phase transitions, as well as structural and morphological properties, are studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ex situ x‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The oxidation state of Mn ions is analyzed across this temperature range using x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which is also used to study the carbon film on the Mn oxide surface. This carbon film is further studied using EDS‐TEM mapping. Many phase transformations are observed during heating from room temperature to 1000°C. At 1000°C, particles reduce in size to 9.5 nm and regain a spherical shape, reflecting the formation of Mn₃O₄ alongside Mn₂O₃. XPS reveals significant changes in the oxidation states of manganese and the carbon environments in the nanoparticles.
Anode‐Free Zinc–Bromine Batteries Enabled by a Simple Prenucleation Strategy
Authors: Han Bibo , Zheng Xinhua , Liu Shikai , Wu Song , Yang Jiashuo , Xu Sankui , Liu Zaichun , Wang Rui , Wang Faxing , Wu Yuping 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe design of anode‐free zinc (Zn) batteries with high reversibility at high areal capacity has received significant attention recently, which is quietly challenging yet. Here, a Zn alloyed interface through electroplating is introduced, providing homogeneous Zn prenucleation sites to stabilize subsequent Zn nucleation and plating. By employing Zn–Cu alloy as a module, the complementary simulations and characterizations confirm that the prenucleation alloyed interfaces achieve a homogeneous electric field distribution and greatly enhance the stability of the Zn anode. Accordingly, the Zn//Zn–Cu@Cu half‐cells show a long cycle life of over 900 h and an average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.8% at an areal capacity of 10 mAh cm−2. The assembled anode‐free zinc–bromine (Zn–Br2) battery exhibits an attractive stable cycling of 11 000 cycles at 1 mAh cm−2, while over 1000 cycles at the higher areal capacity of 10 mAh cm−2. Excitingly, the Zn–Br2 pouch cell with a capacity of 1000 mAh operates stably over 50 cycles, and achieves successful integration with photovoltaic systems. This anode‐free Zn–Br2 batteries constructed through a prenucleation strategy offer new insights into the potential for large‐scale energy storage applications.
Self‐Powered Filterless Narrowband UV Photodetection Triggered by Asymmetric Charge Carrier Generation in a Wide‐Bandgap Halide Perovskite Ferroelectric
Authors: Li Kai , Wu Fafa , Li Xiaoqi , Li Bingxuan , Sun Zhihua , Wang Xinqiang , Liu Xitao , Luo Junhua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNarrowband photodetection with selective light detection in ultraviolet (UV) range is particularly pronounced in specialized applications such as targeted wavelength imaging and UV‐phototherapy. In contrast to conventional strategies, ferroelectric materials with pronounced bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) provide a novel asymmetric carrier generation concept for achieving filterless spectrally selective photodetection. Herein, for the first time, the realization of self‐powered filterless narrowband UV photodetection is demonstrated in bulk single crystals of a newly developed halide perovskite ferroelectric, 2FEA2EA2Pb2Cl10 (2FEEPC), which exhibits a wide bandgap of 3.36 eV and a remarkable spontaneous polarization (≈3.5 µC cm−2). Benefiting from the strongly distorted inorganic framework with asymmetric delocalized electronic states, 2FEEPC demonstrates a highly wavelength‐dependent BPVE along the polar direction, showing a high narrowband detecting performance with a response peak at UV wavelength of 355 nm and a full‐width‐at‐half‐maximum (FWHM) of ≈15 nm. More interestingly, the ferro‐pyro‐phototronic effect of 2FEEPC endows a colossal gain of up to 600% for photopyroelectric current. This work presents an unprecedented approach to achieve self‐powered filterless narrowband photodetection, thereby shedding light on the development of photosensitive ferroelectrics for spectrally photoelectric applications.
Quality‐in‐Use in Practice: A Study for Context‐Aware Software Systems in Pervasive Environments
Authors: Salomón Sergio , Duque Rafael , Bringas Santos , de Oliveira Káthia Marçal 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSoftware quality models have increasingly emphasized human factors and user needs. In 2011, ISO/IEC 25010 introduced the quality‐in‐use (QinU) model, designed to evaluate software quality as an outcome of a user utilizing a system through the evaluation of five characteristics: effectiveness, efficiency, freedom from risk, satisfaction, and context coverage. As a generic reference, this standard has been customized for various software types (e.g., web portals and artificial intelligence systems). This article presents a customization for context‐aware software systems (CASSs), which are software systems that interpret and use context information (regarding the user, the software application features, and the environment) to adapt their functionalities. We are particularly interested in CASS for pervasive, or ubiquitous, environments. To address this goal, each QinU characteristic was analyzed by professionals from the academy and industry, taking into account the CASS features for pervasive/ubiquitous environments. A cyclical process of definition, revision, and improvement based on measurement theory was carried out before empirical validation in case studies. As the main result, a novel set of QinU measures specifically tailored for CASSs in a pervasive environment is provided, considering not only the classic explicit user interactions (e.g., mouse clicks and text input) but also the implicit interactions during everyday activities (e.g., walking or driving), captured through sensors and processed to support the user (e.g., recommending nearby museums and providing driving guidance). This set of measures supports CASS assessment and improvements, offering more accurate and context‐sensitive quality measurement.
Toxoplasmosis in a 9‐month‐old Persian cat treated with prednisolone and ciclosporin for an idiopathic pure red cell aplasia
Authors: Da Silva Adrien , Cuq Benoît 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA 9‐month‐old Persian cat was presented with an acute onset of lethargy and decreased appetite. Investigations identified presence of a severe non‐regenerative anaemia. Bone marrow cytology and histopathology were consistent with a pure red cell aplasia. Prednisolone and ciclosporin were initiated, but the cat presented with an acute onset of dyspnoea 2 months after diagnosis despite good control of the haematocrit. Respiratory work‐up including a bronchoalveolar lavage identified a pulmonary toxoplasmosis. The cat underwent a cardiopulmonary arrest shortly after diagnosis. We describe the good response of a cat diagnosed with pure red cell aplasia to prednisolone and ciclosporin. Unfortunately, the cat was diagnosed with toxoplasmosis 2 months after diagnosis despite being indoor and being fed a commercial diet. Toxoplasma gondii IgG serology test was negative, suggesting acute infection. This case emphasises the importance of close monitoring of cats undergoing ciclosporin therapy and risk of acquired infection in immunosuppressed feline patients.