bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Stiff‐Soft Composite Fabrication Strategy for Fiber Optic Tethered Microtools
Authors: Kaufman Georgia , Jimenez Jorge , Bradshaw Alyssa , Radecka Adia , Gallegos Michael , Kaehr Bryan , Golecki Holly 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ability to capture, manipulate, and release microscale objects using autonomous systems can enable widespread applications—from microsurgery and selective cell extraction to the assembly of complex microdevices. With continuing development of smart and environmentally responsive materials compatible with 3D printing, microgrippers with environmental adaptability can give rise to biocompatible devices. In this paper, the design, fabrication, and testing of hybrid stiff‐soft microgrippers using compliant synthetic polymers and hydrogels to achieve autonomous actuation while avoiding an overly complex mechanical gripping system are described. Building microgrippers using 2‐photon polymerization additive manufacturing based on nonplanar, bioinspired architectures on the end of an optical fiber is investigated. To control actuation, current regulated growth of hydrogels within the printed architecture is demonstrated. Forces are generated by expansive gels actuated by changes in pH, temperature, and application of light via optical fiber. The resulting multimaterial actuators incorporate inert skeletal components with active hydrogels on the tip of a 200 µm diameter core fiber. The response time, accuracy, and cyclic durability of hybrid grippers are evaluated. This work provides a foundation to integrate stimuli‐responsive mechanical functions with microscale optical devices to expand the suite of tools available for minimally invasive surgical procedures.
Exciton Linewidth and Exciton‐Phonon Coupling in 2H and 3R Bilayer WS2 Studied by Magnetic Circular Dichroism Spectrum
Authors: Jiang Nai , Shi Jia , Wu Heng , Zhang Dong , Zhu Hui , Liu Xinfeng , Tan Ping‐Heng , Chang Kai , Zheng Houzhi , Shen Chao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLayered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a promising platform for new photonic and optoelectronic devices. Exciton‐phonon interaction is critical in determining their characteristics such as the exciton coherence lifetime and linewidth. However, the exciton linewidth obtained by conventional reflection spectrum is greatly affected by the background signals, and the research into exciton‐phonon coupling difference induced by stacking‐order in multi‐layer structures is still lacking. In this work, the temperature‐dependent exciton linewidths of CVD‐grown large‐area monolayer, 2H and 3R‐stacking bilayer WS2 based on a self‐designed reflective magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectrum are systematically investigated. It is found that 2H‐bilayer WS2 exhibits significantly larger exciton linewidth compared with monolayer and 3R bilayer, which can be attributed to the appearance of new phonon‐assisted relaxation channels caused by interlayer coupling. Meanwhile, 3R bilayer with a redshifted exciton peak has a narrower linewidth than 2H phase because the interlayer hopping is suppressed, resulting in the absence of interlayer scattering channel. These results provide intuitive evidence for the exciton linewidth‐broadening and exciton‐phonon coupling in different stacked layers and open up new vistas for the development of TMD‐based narrow‐linewidth nano‐sensors devices.
Renewable Energy Powered Membrane Technology: Energy Buffering Control to Reduce Shut‐Down Events and Enhance System Resilience under Different Solar Days
Authors: Li Sheying , Voigt Achim , Cai Yang‐Hui , Schäfer Andrea I. , Richards Bryce S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFluctuating and intermittent solar energy cause shut‐down and reduce resilience of photovoltaic powered membrane (PV‐membrane) systems. A charge controller based on pre‐set voltage thresholds for supercapacitors (SC) is designed and employed on varied solar days to cope with these issues. Several parameters—number of shut‐down events (#SD), shut‐down duration (tSD) and resilience factor in flux (RFflux)—are quantified. The controller reduces tSD by 37% (partly cloudy) and 12% (very cloudy), and #SD by 2 and 13 events, respectively. During the 90 min fluctuations, tSD is shortened to 1–4.5 min and #SD is reduced by 1–4 events for feed water salinities of ≤7.5 g L−1. Increasing the PV power capacity to 600–1000 W, zero #SD occurs and RFflux rises from 0.3 to 0.8, indicating enhanced system resilience.
Integrated Multifunctional Electronic Skins with Low‐Coupling for Complicated and Accurate Human–Robot Collaboration
Authors: Ge Chuanyang , An Xuyang , He Xinxin , Duan Zhan , Chen Jiatai , Hu PingAn , Zhao Jie , Wang Zhenlong , Zhang Jia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMultifunctional capability and low coupling electronic skin (e‐skin) is of great significance in advanced robot systems interacting with the human body or the external environment directly. Herein, a multifunctional e‐skin system via vertical integrated different sensing materials and structures is presented. The multifunctional e‐skin has capacity sensing the proximity, pressure, temperature, and relative humidity simultaneously, with scope of 100–0 mm, 0–30 N, 20–120 °C and 20–70%, respectively. The sensitivity of the four kinds of sensors can be achieved to 0.72 mm−1, 16.34 N−1, 0.0032 °C−1, and 15.2 pF/%RH, respectively. The cross‐coupling errors are less than 1.96%, 1.08%, 2.65%, and 1.64%, respectively, after temperature compensation. To be state‐of‐the‐art, a commercial robot is accurately controlled via the multifunctional e‐skin system in the complicated environment. The following and safety controlling exhibit both accuracy and high dynamic features. To improve the sensing performance to the insulating objects, machine learning is employed to classify the conductivity during the object approaching, leading to set the threshold in dynamic. The accuracy for isolating the insulator increases from 18% to 88%. Looking forward, the multifunctional e‐skin system has broader applications in human–machine collaboration and industrial safety production technology.
Elevating the Orbital Energy Level of dxy in MnO6 via d–π Conjugation Enables Exceptional Sodium‐Storage Performance
Authors: Liu Xia , Yao Yebo , Wang Dewei , Yao Shuyun , Wang Shiyu , Fu Zhenzhen , Li Yongjia , Wang Jinrui , Hou Zishan , Gao Xueying , Yang Zhiyu , Yan Yi‐Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTransition metal oxides (TMOs) suffer from inherently low electronic conductivity, while atom orbital related regulation can be critical to promote the electron transfer kinetics in energy storage applications. Herein, the study utilizes a d–π conjugation strategy to improve the electronic conductivity of TMOs. Briefly, phthalocyanine (Pc) molecules with large conjugated systems are selected to modify transition metal oxide (δ‐MnO2). By density functional theory (DFT) simulations, it is clarified that the strong d–π conjugation between MnO2 and Pc can elevate the orbital energy level of low energy orbital (dxy) in MnO6 units, which further activates the redox activity of dxy. The delocalized π electrons from Pc to MnO6 unit repel the original dxy electrons, and then elevate the dxy orbital energy level, thus facilitating the electron transfer in MnO2‐Pc. Subsequently, the MnO2‐Pc exhibits a significant specific capacitance of 310 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. At a power density of 900 W kg−1, the fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor delivers a maximal energy density of 50.3 Wh kg−1. This work paves the way to boost the redox activity of transition metal center in TMOs by regulating the orbital energy level, which can be expanded to design other advanced energy materials.
Fluorine‐Rich Covalent Organic Framework to Boost Electrochemical Kinetics and Storages of K+ Ions for Potassium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Lee Jiyoung , Lim Haeseong , Park Junkil , Kim Min‐Soo , Jung Ji‐Won , Kim Jihan , Kim Il‐Doo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs), featuring ordered nanopores with numerous accessible redox sites, have drawn much attention as promising electrode materials for rechargeable batteries. Thus far, however, COF‐based battery electrodes have exhibited limited capacity and unsatisfactory cycling stability due to the unwanted side reactions over their large surface area. Herein, a fluorine‐rich covalent organic framework (F‐COF) as an electrode material with improved stability and performance for potassium‐ion batteries is developed. The fluorinated COF not only stabilizes intercalation kinetics of K+ ions but also reinforces its electron affinity and conductivity, improving the reversibility of bond transitions during discharge–charge cycles. As a result, F‐COF affords a high specific capacity (95 mAh g−1 at fast rates up to 5 C) and excellent cycling stability (5000 cycles with ≈99.7% capacity retention), outperforming the pristine COF‐based electrodes devoid of F atoms. Notably, the experimental capacity of F‐COF approaches its theoretical value, confirming that a large proportion of electroactive sites are being actively utilized. Altogether, this work addresses the significant role of F atoms in improving the K+‐ion storage capability of COFs and provides the rational design principles for the continued development of stable and high‐performance organic electrode materials for energy storage devices.
Quasi‐Topological Intercalation Mechanism of Bi0.67NbS2 Enabling 100 C Fast‐Charging for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lv Zhuoran , Xu Hengyue , Xu Wenjing , Peng Baixin , Zhao Chendong , Xie Miao , Lv Ximeng , Gao Yusha , Hu Keyan , Fang Yuqiang , Dong Wujie , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlloying‐type bismuth with high volumetric capacity has emerged as a promising anode for sodium‐ion batteries but suffers from large volume expansion and continuous pulverization. Herein, a coordination constraint strategy is proposed, that is, chemically confining atomic Bi in an intercalation host framework via reconstruction‐favorable linear coordination bonds, enabling a novel quasi‐topological intercalation mechanism. Specifically, micron‐sized Bi0.67NbS2 is synthesized, in which the Bi atom is linearly coordinated with two S atoms in the interlayer of NbS2. The robust Nb−S host framework provides fast ion/electron diffusion channels and buffers the volume expansion of Na+ insertion, endowing Bi0.67NbS2 with a lower energy barrier (0.141 vs. 0.504 eV of Bi). In situ and ex situ characterizations reveal that Bi atom alloys with Na+ via a solid‐solution process and is constrained by the reconstructed Bi−S bonds after dealloying, realizing complete recovery of crystalline Bi0.67NbS2 phase to avoid the migration and aggregation of atomic Bi. Accordingly, the Bi0.67NbS2 anode delivers a reversible capacity of 325 mAh g−1 at 1 C and an extraordinary ultrahigh‐rate stability of 226 mAh g−1 at 100 C over 25 000 cycles. The proposed quasi‐topological intercalation mechanism induced by coordinated mode modulation is expected to be be conducive to the practical electrode design for fast‐charging batteries.
Generation of tandem alternative splice acceptor sites and CLTC haploinsufficiency: A cause of CLTC‐related disorder
Authors: Sage Adam P. , Lee Hyun Kyung , Dalmann Joshua , Lin Susan , Samra Simran , Salman Areesha , Del Bel Kate L. , Li Wenhui Laura , Lehman Anna , Turvey Stuart E. , Boerkoel Cornelius F. , Richmond Phillip A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTandem splice acceptors (NAGNnAG) are a common mechanism of alternative splicing, but variants that are likely to generate or to disrupt tandem splice sites have rarely been reported as disease causing. We identify a pathogenic intron 23 CLTC variant (NM_004859.4:c.[3766‐13_3766‐5del];[=]) in a propositus with intellectual disability and behavioral problems. By RNAseq analysis of peripheral blood mRNA, this variant generates transcripts using cryptic proximal splice acceptors (NM_004859.4: r.3765_3766insTTCACAGAAAGGAACTAG, and NM_004859.4:r.3765_3766insAAAGGAACTAG). Given that the propositus expresses 38% the level of CLTC transcripts as unaffected controls, these variant transcripts, which encode premature termination codons, likely undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay (NMD). This is the first functional evidence for CLTC haploinsufficiency as a cause of CLTC‐related disorder and the first evidence that the generation of tandem alternative splice sites causes CLTC‐related disorder. We suggest that variants creating tandem alternative splice sites are an underreported disease mechanism and that transcriptome‐level analysis should be routinely pursued to define the pathogenicity of such variants.
Synthesis of Benzo[c]azepine‐1,3(2H)‐diones via C−H Alkylation/Cyclization with α,β‐Unsaturated Acyl Fluorides
Authors: Hosoi Satoko , Hirata Yuki , Kurihara Takumaru , Kojima Masahiro , Yoshino Tatsuhiko , Matsunaga Shigeki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed directed C−H functionalization reactions are a powerful method to construct N‐heterocycles. However, compared to the formation of five‐ and six‐membered rings, that of seven‐membered rings has been much less explored. Here, the synthesis of benzo[c]azepine‐1,3(2H)‐diones is described, which are benzene‐fused seven‐membered imides, from hydroxamates and α,β‐unsaturated acyl fluorides via C−H activation using a Cp*Rh(III) catalyst. Under mild reaction conditions, this reaction affords benzo[c]azepine‐1,3(2H)‐diones that bear a substituent at the 5‐position.
Predictors and preventers of postoperative bedridden status in the elderly ages over 75 after emergency general surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Nagakawa Kantoku , Taniguchi Ken , Yukutake Aki , Kawaguchi Yuta , Matsumoto Ryo , Akashi Momoko , Hirayama Takanori , Hirabaru Masataka , Sakimura Chika , Minami Shigeki , Eguchi Susumu 
Published: May 2023

AimWe investigated the proportion of bedridden patients after emergency surgery among the elderly ages over 75; defined as the latter‐stage elderly in Japan, the associated factors, and interventions used to prevent it.MethodsEighty‐two latter‐stage elderly patients who underwent emergency surgery for non‐traumatic illness between January 2020 and June 2021 in our hospital were included in the study. Backgrounds and various perioperative factors were compared retrospectively between the groups including patients who became bedridden from Performance Status Scale 0 to 3 before admission (Bedridden group) and those who did not (Keep group).ResultsThree cases of death and seven patients who were bedridden before admission were excluded. The 72 remaining patients were divided into the Bedridden group (n = 10, 13.9%) and the Keep group (n = 62, 86.1%). There were significant differences in the prevalence of dementia, pre‐ and postoperative circulatory dynamics, renal dysfunction, coagulation abnormality, length of stay in the high care unit/intensive care unit, and number of hospital days, with a relative risk of 13 (1.74–96.71), a sensitivity of 1.00, and a specificity of 0.67 for a preoperative shock index of 0.7 or higher being associated with the Bedridden group. Among patients with a preoperative shock index of 0.7 or higher, there was a significant difference in SI at 24 h postoperatively between the two groups.ConclusionPreoperative shock index may be the most sensitive predictor. Early circulatory stabilization seems to be protective against patients becoming bedridden.
Delayed massive bleeding from minor splenic injury due to mechanical chest compression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Yamada Takahiro , Nakao Shota , Fukuma Hiroshi , Matsuoka Tetsuya 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundSplenic injury due to chest compressions is a rare and fatal complication that occurs immediately after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Case PresentationCardiopulmonary resuscitation was carried out using a mechanical chest compression device in a 74‐year‐old Japanese female patient who underwent cardiac arrest. Computed tomography postresuscitation revealed bilateral anterior rib fractures. Other traumatic findings were not observed. Coronary angiography revealed no new lesions; the cause of the arrest was hypokalemia. She received mechanical support with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and multiple antithrombotic agents. Her hemodynamic and coagulative condition became life‐threatening on day 4; abdominal ultrasound revealed massive bloody ascites. Only a minor splenic laceration was observed intraoperatively, despite massive bleeding. Furthermore, her condition stabilized after splenectomy and blood transfusion. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was discontinued on day 5.ConclusionIn patients with postcardiac arrest, delayed bleeding due to minor visceral injury should be considered, particularly for coagulation abnormalities.
Preparation of high‐performance natural rubber composites: Plasma‐foaming agent‐modified kaolin and flash‐drying technology
Authors: Xu Zhenchun , Xiao Yao , Zhou Yukun , Hong Yufei , Lai Qingxiang , Wang Chuansheng , Bian Huiguang , Li Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA combination of plasma‐foaming double dispersion method, flash drying technology, and potassium oleate (PO), a plasma‐ and environmentally‐friendly foaming agent, were used to modify kaolin. The use of high‐energy plasma disrupts the stacking agglomeration formed between kaolinite lamellae, increases the contact area between the lamellae, and PO reduces the polarity of kaolinite to realize the effective surface modification of kaolinite. PO decreases the polarity of kaolin and weakens the strength of the interfacial bonds formed between kaolin and rubber. Modified kaolin and natural latex are deposited on the surface of high‐temperature rollers for instant drying, and a decrease in the contents of non‐rubber components, such as proteins and phospholipids accompanies the progress of the rapid drying process. Thus, the gas barrier performance of the composite was higher than that of the traditional dry blend by 42.9%. The tensile strength of the prepared composite was higher than that of the traditional blend by 9%, and the aging coefficient of the fabricated composite was higher than that of the traditional blend by 45.5%. Herein, a new environmentally friendly and energy‐saving method has been proposed for the fabrication of natural rubber composites characterized by excellent gas‐tightness using natural mineral resources.
The influence of knowledge type and source reputation on preferences for website or video search results
Authors: Pardi Georg , Gottschling Steffen , Kammerer Yvonne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSearching for information on the web has become an essential task in our society. This article presents a preregistered experimental study that investigates how the knowledge dimension (conceptual, procedural) and relevance of displaying spatiotemporal changes (high, low) for a given search task affect searchers' preference for different resource modalities (websites, videos). Additionally, effects of source reputation (high, low) were examined. Participants were confronted with 16 learning tasks and respective mock‐up video or website search results and had to indicate the likelihood of selecting the respective search results. The learning tasks varied regarding their knowledge dimension and their degree of spatiotemporal changes. Search results varied regarding source reputation and resource modality. Study results showed that search results with low source reputation were more likely to be selected when they were video results as compared to website results. Furthermore, for learning tasks with a high degree of spatiotemporal changes, a preference for videos over website results was found, while a low degree of spatiotemporal changes did not lead to modality preferences. To conclude, both knowledge dimension and degree of visuospatial changes of learning tasks seem to be promising classifications to consider for understanding users' source and modality selection during web‐based learning.
Optimal fault‐tolerant control for Markov jump power systems with asynchronous actuator faults
Authors: Wang Aimin , Fei Minrui , Song Yang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCommunication problems in the sensor‐to‐controller and controller‐to‐actuator channels can cause both the controller and actuator to run asynchronously with the original system in different operating modes. This paper investigates an optimal fault‐tolerant control approach for Markov jump power systems (MJPSs) with asynchronous controller and actuator. Firstly, an asynchronous controller is proposed to deal with incomplete information (i.e., system modes) transmission in the sensor‐to‐controller channel. Secondly, a new asynchronous actuator faults model is constructed to simultaneously represent the two partial losses, of modes information in the controller‐to‐actuator channel, and of control effectiveness (LoCE) caused by actuator faults. Under this framework, two related hidden Markov models (HMMs) are formed, which reveal that both the controller and actuator are asynchronous with the controlled system in different modes. By using Lyapunov and optimal approaches, sufficient conditions are derived to ensure that MJPSs are mean square stable with an optimal guaranteed cost. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Integrated continuous‐flow/batch protocol for ortho‐selective alkynylation of (hetero)aryl tosylates
Authors: Ju Eun‐Hae , Lee Min‐Jung , Song Jiwoo , Kwon Yong‐Ju , Kim Won‐Suk 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ortho‐selective alkynylation of polyhalo‐substituted (hetero)aryl tosylates was investigated using an integrated continuous‐flow/batch protocol. Without the elimination of the tosyloxy group, the regioselective ortho‐metalation of the (hetero)aryl tosylates employing n‐BuLi and ZnCl2 was successfully achieved in continuous‐flow chemistry within 10.92 s (residence time). The Pd‐catalyzed Negishi alkynylations of various iodoethynyl (hetero)arenes and the resulting arylzinc species proceeded at room temperature in yields ranging from 51% to 95%. Finally, the synthetic utility of this strategy was validated by the synthesis of benzofuran and pyridofuran derivatives.
Evaluation of herb–drug interactions between compound Danshen dripping pills and clopidogrel based on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in rats
Authors: Zheng Dayong , Zhang Wenjing , Hou Menghui , Li Shuming , Liu Wanhui , Zhou Shuiping , Xie Yuesheng , Chu Yang , Li Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCompound Danshen dripping pills (CDDP), a well‐known traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. CDDP is usually prescribed in combination with clopidogrel (CLP), but the herb–drug interactions are rarely reported. This study evaluated the effects of CDDP on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of coadministered CLP, and ensured the safety and efficacy of their usage. The trial design included a single‐dose administration and multidose test for 7 consecutive days. Wistar rats received CLP alone or CLP combined with CDDP. After the final dose, plasma samples were collected at various time points, and the active metabolite H4 of CLP was analyzed by ultrafast liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of Cmax (maximum [or peak] serum concentration), Tmax (peak plasma time), t1/2 (half‐time), AUC0–∞ (area under the concentration–time curve from dosing (time 0) to infinite time), and AUC0–t (area under the concentration–time curve from dosing [time 0] to time t) were calculated using the non‐compartment model. In addition, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, bleeding time, and adenosine diphosphate–induced platelet aggregation were evaluated for anticoagulation and antiplatelet aggregation activity. In this study, we found that CDDP had no significant effect on the metabolism of CLP in rats. In pharmacodynamic studies, the combination group showed significant synergistic antiplatelet activity compared with the CLP or CDDP groups alone. Based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic results, CDDP and CLP have synergistic effects on antiplatelet aggregation and anticoagulation.