bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical interventions with various agents to prevent early childhood caries: A systematic review with network meta‐analysis
Authors: He Shuyang , Choong Elaine Kar Man , Duangthip Duangporn , Chu Chun Hung , Lo Edward Chin Man 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundDental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases among preschool children globally. Different preventive agents and combinations have been studied. However, the rank of the effectiveness of clinical interventions is equivocal.AimTo summarize and rank the effectiveness of clinical interventions using different agents for primary prevention of early childhood caries (ECC).DesignTwo reviewers independently searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to identify randomized controlled trials with at least 12‐month follow‐up. The network meta‐analysis (NMA) on different agents was based on a random‐effects model and frequentist approach. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% CI of the caries increment were calculated in terms of either dmft or dmfs and used in the NMA. Caries incidences at the child level were compared using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI. The effectiveness of the agents was ranked using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA).ResultsAfter screening 3807 publications and selection, the NMA finally included 33 trials. These trials used either a single or combination of agents such as fluorides, chlorhexidine, casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate, probiotics, xylitol, and triclosan. Compared with control, fluoride foam (FF; SMD −0.69, 95% CI: −1.06, −0.32) and fluoride salt (F salt; SMD −0.66, 95% CI: −1.20, −0.13) were effective in preventing caries increment. Probiotic milk plus low fluoride toothpaste (PMLFTP; OR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.77), FF (OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.63), fluoride varnish (FV; OR 0.63, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.81), and fluoride varnish plus high fluoride toothpaste (FVHFTP; OR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.57, 0.93) were effectively preventing caries incidence. According to the SUCRA, FF ranked first in preventing caries increment, whereas PMLFTP ranked first in preventing caries incidence.ConclusionFluoride foam, F salt, PMLFTP, FV, and FVHFTP all effectively reduce caries increment or caries incidence in preschool children, but the evidence indicates low degree of certainty. Considering the relatively small number of studies, confidence in the findings, and limitations in the study, clinical practitioners and readers should exercise caution when interpreting the NMA results.
Lesion sterilization and tissue repair with chloramphenicol, tetracyline, zinc oxide/eugenol paste versus conventional pulpectomy: A 36‐month randomized controlled trial
Authors: Castro Marcus , Lima Marina , Lima Cacilda , Moura Marcoeli , Moura Joyce , Moura Lúcia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundEndodontic treatment of primary molars represents one of the challenges in pediatric dentistry. There is a lack of consensus in the literature about the endodontic techniques and filling paste for primary teeth with pulp necrosis.AimTo compare the effectiveness of the LSTR technique (lesion sterilization and tissue repair) with CTZ paste (chloramphenicol, tetracycline, zinc oxide and eugenol) and pulpectomy with ZOE paste (zinc oxide and eugenol) in the treatment of primary molars with pulp necrosis.DesignEighty‐eight primary molars with pulp necrosis from 70 children between the ages of 3 and 8 years were included. The teeth were randomized to the LSTR with CTZ paste group or pulpectomy with ZOE paste group. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed at 18, 24, 30 and 36 months.ResultsAt 36 months, clinical success was 86.4% in LSTR with CTZ paste and 90.9% in pulpectomy with ZOE paste (p = .45). Radiographic success was 43.2% in both groups (p = 1.00). The overall success was 40.9% in LSTR with CTZ paste and 43.2% in pulpectomy with ZOE paste (p = 1.00).ConclusionAfter 36 months of evaluation, the effectiveness of the LSTR technique with CTZ paste and pulpectomy with ZOE paste was similar for the treatment of primary molars with pulp necrosis.
Mental health condition of caregivers affected metal health of burn injury patients
Authors: Qin Beibei , Li Xi , Zhang Han , Zhang Cuina , Zhao Linru 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to explore the association between mental health condition of caregivers and mental health of burn injury patients. Totally 300 burn injury patients and 300 caregivers were enrolled. These two cohorts of patients were randomly allocated to study group and control group (150 patients and 150 caregivers in each group). The mental health condition of patients and caregivers was evaluated both before and after psychological interventions. There was a significant reduction of the self‐rating depression scale (SDS) and self‐rating anxiety scale (SAS) of patients in the study group and control group after intervention (28.23 ± 4.98 vs 32.21 ± 5.01, P < 0.001; 28.18 ± 5.01 vs 31.18 ± 5.04, P < 0.001). The corresponding indexes of caregivers showed similar results before (SDS: 47.03 ± 4.41 vs 46.98 ± 4.39, P = 0.922; SAS: 47.01 ± 4.31 vs 46.93 ± 4.35, P = 0.873) and after intervention (21.76 ± 4.23 vs 38.98 ± 4.09, P < 0.001; SAS: 21.02 ± 4.09 vs 38.65 ± 4.04, P < 0.001). The SDS score of patients in study group was positively correlated with the SDS and SAS score of caregivers (r = 0.418 and 0.218, P = 0.003 and 0.012). The SAS score of patients in the study group was also positively correlated with the SDS and SAS scores of caregivers (r = 0.107 and 0.761, P = 0.029 and 0.018). Multiple linear regression showed that age, education and time of care per day were the independent variables associated with mental health condition of caregivers in the study group (P < 0.05). Mental health condition of caregivers was closely related to the mental health of patients. Age, education and time of care per day were the independent variables associated with mental health condition of caregivers.
Crystallographic texture and phase structure induced excellent piezoelectric performance in KNN‐based ceramics
Authors: Gao Shuo , Li Peng , Qu Jiawei , Li Wei , Zhai Jiwei , Wang Feifei , Hao Jigong , Fu Peng , Pan Zhongbin , Bai Wangfeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIt is difficult to maintain strong piezoelectric properties over a wide temperature range in (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN)‐based ceramics owing to the polymorphic phase boundary (PPB). Here, we propose advantageously utilizing the synergistic effect of crystal orientation and phase structure to address this issue. The 〈0 0 1〉pc textured (1 − x)(K0.48Na0.52)(Nb0.96Sb0.04)O3–x(Bi0.5Ag0.5)ZrO3 (KNNS–xBAZ) ceramics with different phase structures were synthesized via the templated grain growth method. A high piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 505 ± 25 pC/N, an electric field‐induced strain of 0.21%, and a superior temperature stability (d33 exhibited a high retention of ≥78% at the temperature up to 200°C; strain maintained within 5.7% change over a temperature range of 30–150°C) were simultaneously achieved in textured KNNS–0.03BAZ ceramics. The flattened Gibbs free energy induced by the R–O–T multiphase coexistence, the strong anisotropy of crystals, and the abundant nanodomains contributed to the enhanced piezoelectric properties. The contribution of the strong anisotropy of crystals in 〈0 0 1〉pc textured ceramics compensates for the deterioration of the piezoelectric properties caused by the phase structure deviation from the PPB with increasing temperature, which benefits the superior temperature stability of the textured KNNS–0.03BAZ ceramics. The previous merits prove that utilizing the synergistic effect of crystal orientation and phase structure is an effective strategy to boost the piezoelectricity and their temperature stability of KNN‐based ceramics.
A lifestyle pattern characterised by high consumption of sweet and salty snacks, sugar sweetened beverages and sedentary time is associated with blood pressure in families at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Europe. The Feel4Diabetes Study
Authors: Basdeki Eirini D. , Karatzi Kalliopi , Arnaoutis Giannis , Makrilakis Konstantinos , Liatis Stavros , Cardon Greet , De Craemer Marieke , Iotova Violeta , Tsochev Kaloyan , Tankova Tsvetalina , Kivelä Jemina , Wikström Katja , Rurik Imre , Radó Sándorné , Miguel‐Berges María L. , Gimenez‐Legarre Natalia , Moreno‐Aznar Luis , Manios Yannis 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals from families at high‐risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are also at high risk for hypertension (HTN) and cardiovascular disease. Studies identifying lifestyle patterns (LPs) combining dietary, physical activity or sedentary variables and examining their possible role with respect to developing blood pressure (BP) are limited. The present study aimed to examine the association of different LPs with BP levels in families at high risk for T2DM in Europe.MethodsIn total, 1844 adults (31.6% males) at high‐risk for T2DM across six European countries were included in this cross‐sectional study using data from the baseline assessment of the Feel4Diabetes Study. BP measurements and dietary and physical activity assessments were conducted, and screen times were surveyed. LPs were revealed with principal component analysis of various data regarding diet, physical activity, screen time and smoking.ResultsThree LPs were identified. LP3 (high consumption of sweet and salty snacks, sugar sweetened soft drinks and juices, and high amount of screen time) was positively associated with diastolic BP (B, 0.52; 95% confidence interval = 0.05–0.99) and the existence of HTN (odds ratio = 1.12; 95% confidence interval = 1.00–1.25). Participants in the highest tertile of LP3 spent mean 3 h of screen time, consumed 1.5 portions of sweet and/or salty snacks and 1 L of soft drinks on a daily basis, were associated with 12% higher risk of HTN.ConclusionsFocusing on the combination of eating and lifestyle behaviours may more accurately identify, and therefore guide preventive measures tailored to the specific needs of high‐risk populations.
Dyadic effects of interpersonal perception on the quality of couple relationships: Idealization and accuracy matter
Authors: Salla Marta , Feixas Guillem 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInterpersonal perceptions have an impact on the quality of couple relationships but we want to examine the putative moderating role of gender considering personal meanings as the target of perception. We employed the Couple's Grid to measure interpersonal perception based on personal constructs and the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model (pooled regression) to analyze the mutual effects of partners' observations. We explore the dyadic effects of seven variables of interpersonal perception on relationship quality in a sample of 26 Spanish opposite‐sex couples. Idealization of the partner was associated with one's own and partner's relationship quality (actor and partner effects), while being accurate in the perception of the partner's self‐image was positively related to men's relationship quality but negatively related to women's (actor effects). The findings stimulate the existing debate regarding the benefits of being accurate or biased in a relationship and the need to take into account gender differences for guiding therapeutic interventions.
Electromagnetic field for supramaximal muscle stimulation: A retrospective study of safety, efficacy, and patient satisfaction in Brazil
Authors: Sant'Ana Estela , Meleck Michelle , Ferrari Priscila , Padovan Rogerio , Camargo Carla , Godoi Silvana , de Assis Lívia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, even individuals who do physical activity regularly have some degree of dissatisfaction with their own bodies. The electromagnetic field for supramaximal muscle contraction has been the subject of research. High‐intensity supramaximal muscle stimulation (HI‐SMS) is a non‐invasive technology used to strengthen, firm, and tone the abdominal muscles, arms, buttocks, and thighs and has been indicated for aesthetic purposes.AimsThe present study aimed to examine the safety and efficacy of HI‐SMS used in the abdominal muscles of patients through the analysis of clinical evaluation, biochemical serum profile, and patient satisfaction with the procedure.Patients/MethodsThis is retrospective non‐randomized and non‐controlled study collected in a private clinic; all data from healthy participants (n = 25), aged between 18 and 55 years, were compiled and analyzed. All received eight 30 min sessions of electromagnetic field ONIX HI‐SMS (intensity of the 90%–100%) located in abdominal, twice a week with intervals of 2–3 days.ResultsThe results show that BMI, fat thickness, and waist circumference improved the body contour after the treatment. There was no statistical difference in the data referring to the values of AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, cholesterol, LDL‐C, VLDL‐C, HDL‐C, glycemia, LDH, CK, and IL‐6. However, there was a reduction of “non‐esterified” free fatty acids when compared to baseline. This treatment provided high levels of tolerance, comfort, and high level of satisfaction.ConclusionsThus, it can be suggested that the treatment with HI‐SMS in abdominal muscles proves to be a safe technology with potential for non‐invasive therapy for aesthetic purposes.
Efficacy of topical vitamin D combined with microneedling in the treatment of vitiligo: A comparative study
Authors: Salem Maha Wafic , Adel Abd El Azim Amira , Galal Sara Ahmed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo is a depigmenting disorder caused by the destruction of melanocytes by various mechanisms which affect melanocyte function and survival. Different therapeutic approaches for vitiligo include nonsurgical and surgical methods but effective therapy is still challenging. There are few studies that suggest the role of vitamin D analogs in the repigmentation process with encouraging results. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the effect of topical vitamin D (cholecalciferol) combined with microneedling in the treatment of depigmented patches of vitiligo.Aim of the WorkEvaluate the effect of microneedling alone versus microneedling with topical vitamin D in the treatment of vitiligo.Patients and MethodsA prospective comparative clinical trial was carried out on 25 patients with stable vitiligo; every patient had at least two patches; the first patch was treated with microneedling alone. The other patch was treated with microneedling combined with topical cholecalciferol.ResultsGood‐to‐excellent response was detected in 52% of the patches treated with microneedling topical cholecalciferol, while only in 40% of the patches treated with microneedling alone. The improvement was higher in combined treatment with no significant difference between both groups.ConclusionTopical cholecalciferol is a relatively effective and safe alternative in the treatment of stable vitiligo and its combination with microneedling increases its efficacy.
Evaluation of botulinum toxin type A for treating post burn hypertrophic scars and keloid in children: An intra‐patient randomized controlled study
Authors: Tawfik Abeer Attia , Ali Rama Ahmad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundConsequently, the management of post burn hypertrophic scars and keloid in children are a great challenge for the physicians, parents, and children themselves.Purpose of the StudyTo assess the efficacy and safety of treating hypertrophic and keloid scars with botulinum toxins injections.Patients and MethodsThis is a randomized intra‐patient comparative study was conducted on 15 children with post burn hypertrophic and keloid scars. Children were randomized to receive Intralesional injection of botulinum toxins on one part of the hypertrophic scar/keloid where the other part was left as a control. The assessment of clinical improvement was measured by the Vancouver scar scale (VSS) and by skin analysis camera system. Sessions were performed every month for 6 months.ResultsClinical and statistical dramatic improvement in the vascularity, pliability, and height of the lesions which have been injected with neuronox. Evaluation of the lesions by the Antera camera has proven marked changes in the vascularity and height. There was no correlations between Vancouver score improvement and variables such as the age, sex, skin type, and duration and lesion type.ConclusionsThe botulinum toxins proved its efficacy and safety in treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloid in children. It improved the associated itching and pain. Moreover it improves the pliability, erythema, and thickness of the scars.
Use of nasal septal bone to straighten septal L‐Strut in correction of east Asian short nose: A retrospective study
Authors: An Yang , Shu Fan , Xie Lifeng , Zhen Yonghuan , Li Xiao , Li Yixin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe perpendicular plate of ethmoid (PPE) was used to correct short noses in rhinoplasty in Asians, but the safe harvest of the plate and the assessment of its clinical application has been perplexing to plastic surgeons.AimsTo explore how to safely cut the perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone and evaluate its application effect.Patients/MethodsA finite element model was established to guide the clinical operation. A total of 30 patients with short noses were selected. Among them, 15 patients used autologous septal cartilage to lengthen the nasal tip, and 15 patients used the PPE to strengthen the L‐shape nasal septum. The differences in the esthetic parameters of the nose, complications, and patients' satisfaction were compared between the two groups.ResultsSignificant differences were noted in the nasal dorsal length (p = 0.001), Goode's ratio (p = 0.001), and nasofrontal angle (p = 0.003) after rhinoplasty, and no significant differences were noted in any of the esthetic parameters between the two groups. The symptoms of nasal obstruction in the experimental group were significantly lighter than those in the control group (p = 0.04). There was no statistically significant difference in the doctors' assessment of outcomes between the two groups (p = 0.48).ConclusionThe safest region to harvest the PPE is in the middle and lower third. Rhinoplasty improves the esthetics of the patient's nose. The PPE used to strengthen the L‐shape nasal septum structure has a smaller probability of nasal septal deviation with the time in Asian short noses.
Anatomic evaluation of the normal variants of the arteries of face using color Doppler ultrasonography: Implications for facial aesthetic procedures
Authors: Khorasanizadeh Faezeh , Delazar Sina , Gheidari Omid , Daneshpazhooh Maryam , Balighi Kamran , Ehsani Amir Houshang , Emadi Seyed Nasser , Sadeghinia Ali , Mahmoudi Hamidreza 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge of normal facial vascular variations could prevent catastrophic complications of cosmetic procedures as well as providing a guide for surgical planning. Color Doppler ultrasound is a safe and noninvasive method for real time vascular evaluation.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the normal variations of the facial, angular, transverse facial, supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries in a sample of normal individuals.MethodsNormal individuals referred for dermal filler injection to the tertiary dermatologic center, were selected. Patients who were smoker or had a history of facial filler injection, facial surgery, or trauma were excluded from the study. Facial artery at three levels as well as angular, supratrochlear, supraorbital, and transverse facial arteries were evaluated by an 18 MHz ultrasound linear probe regarding their distance from facial reference lines and landmarks, and also their depths in various regions of face.ResultsA total number of 43 individuals were evaluated in this study. Thirty‐one (72.1%) were women. The number of absent facial artery was zero in level one, three (3.48%) in level two, and nine (10.46%) in level three. The angular artery was absent in 10 (11.62%) participants. The transverse facial artery was absent in 27 (31.39%) assessed individuals. Distance from reference lines at level 2 and 3 of facial artery and its depth at level 2 were significantly different between left and right side (p‐values: <0.001, 0.01, and 0.03, respectively). No significant difference was seen between depth and distance of two sides for angular and transverse facial arteries. The comparison of the depths and distances from the reference lines of the assessed arteries between two sexes revealed only a significantly greater value of facial artery distance in level 1 in males (p‐value: 0.001). BMI was also significantly correlated with the depth of facial artery in level 2 (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.471, p‐value = 0.002) and level 3 (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.357, p‐value = 0.03) and the distance of the facial artery in level 1 (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.333, p‐value = 0.029).ConclusionsColor Doppler ultrasound could be used to map the arteries of face to prevent vascular complications and safely guide cosmetic procedures.
Use of point‐of‐care subepidermal moisture devices to detect localised oedema and evaluate pressure injury risk: A scoping review
Authors: McLaren‐Kennedy Annette , Chaboyer Wendy , Carlini Joan , Latimer Sharon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo map current literature on bedside clinicians' use of point‐of‐care subepidermal moisture devices to identify increased pressure injury risk.BackgroundPressure injuries are a substantial healthcare burden. Localised oedema occurs before visible or palpable changes, and therefore is a biomarker of increased pressure injury risk. Novel bedside technologies that detect localised oedema may aid early pressure injury preventative practices.DesignA scoping review.MethodsArksey and O'Malley's six‐step framework and the PRISMA‐ScR guidelines guided this scoping review. CINAHL Complete, Embase, SCOPUS, Cochrane (wounds) and PubMed databases were searched for primary research and quality improvement projects published in English between 2008–2022. Included studies focused on clinicians' bedside use of subepidermal moisture devices to quantify localised oedema and pressure injury risk. The PAGER framework supported narrative synthesis of the extracted data.ResultsNine studies were selected from 1676 sources. Two point‐of‐care subepidermal moisture devices were identified in clinical use, largely by nurses. Inconsistent use and interpretations revealed significant knowledge gaps in clinical practice. Additionally, no included studies engaged patients or the public in their design.ConclusionsNurses recognise the value of objective measures in determining the risk of pressure injury and are the primary end‐users of point‐of‐care subepidermal moisture devices. However, standardising procedural instructions and interpretive criteria to guide preventative measures requires further research.Relevance to Clinical PracticeInternational pressure injury clinical practice guidelines advocate for subepidermal moisture devices as an adjunct to routine clinical skin assessment, although little is known about bedside use. This scoping review reveals low adoption of such devices and the need to develop standardised procedures in their use and interpretation.RegistrationOpen Science DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/AB6Y5—7th of March 2022.