bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refurbishment von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien
Authors: Heimes Heiner Hans , Kampker Achim , Offermanns Christian , Vienenkötter Janis , Frank Merlin 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIn der Literatur existieren unterschiedliche Begriffserklärungen zur Beschreibung der Wieder- und Weiterverwendungsstrategien für Traktionsbatterien. Die Definitionen des „Refurbishment“ und des „Remanufacturing“ werden teilweise synonym verwendet. Des Weiteren variieren die Prozessgrenzen in der Literatur, so dass die einzelnen Aufbereitungsstrategien mehrere oder wenige Prozessschritte umfassen können. Die Festlegung des Begriffs „Refurbishment“ wird zusätzlich durch das Problem fehlender weltweit akzeptierter rechtlicher Definitionen erschwert.
Fahrzeugstruktur
Authors: Heimes Heiner Hans , Kampker Achim , Kehrer Mario , Dünnwald Simon , Heetfeld Lennart , Polzenberg Jens , Budde Lucas , Keusen Maximilian , Pandey Rahul , Röth Thilo 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungUm sowohl Treibhausgas-Emissionen zu verringern als auch Kraftstoffressourcen zu schonen, wird zunehmend an einer Transformation konventionell angetriebener Kraftfahrzeuge hin zu elektrifizierten Antriebskonzepten gearbeitet. Basierend auf herkömmlichen Fahrzeugen mit Verbrennungsmotor wurde eine Vielzahl neuer Antriebssysteme mit verschiedenem Elektrifizierungsgrad entwickelt. Mitte der 1990er-Jahre kamen erste Fahrzeuge mit einem Hybridantrieb auf den Markt. Die Kombination aus Verbrennungs- und Elektromotor erlaubt eine Verbrauchsreduktion und Bremsenergierückgewinnung sowie lokal emissionsfreies Fahren.
Elektrischer Antriebsstrang
Authors: Heimes Heiner Hans , Kampker Achim , Offermanns Christian , Dorn Benjamin , Hagedorn Sebastian , Sasse Konstantin , Backes Till Augustin , Frieges Moritz , Polzenberg Jens , Gómez José Guillermo Dorantes , Deutskens Christoph , Kreisköther Kai , Förstmann Ruben , Nee Carsten 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDas entscheidende Differenzierungsmerkmal eines Elektrofahrzeugs gegenüber einem konventionellen Fahrzeug ist der Antriebsstrang. Die folgenden Ausführungen befassen sich mit der elektromobilspezifischen Veränderung des Antriebsstrangs sowie den einzelnen Komponenten. Im Fokus stehen dabei der Hochvoltspeicher, die elektrische Maschine sowie die für den Betrieb notwendige Elektronik. Darüber hinaus werden Anordnungsstrategien der Elektromobilkomponenten im Fahrzeug diskutiert, da sich durch die kompakte Bauweise der Komponenten neue Freiheitsgrade ergeben.
Elektrische Maschinen
Authors: Hameyer Kay , Butterweck Daniel , Driendl Niklas , Franck Marius , Groschup Benedikt , Jansen Kevin , Leuning Nora , Mönninghoff Sebastian , Nell Martin , Schröder Michael 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie elektrische Maschine repräsentiert physikalisch einen Energiewandler. Dabei wird zwischen nicht rotierenden elektrischen Maschinen und rotierenden elektrischen Maschinen mit bewegenden Hauptelementen unterschieden. Allen elektrischen Maschinen ist gemeinsam, dass sie in ihrem Aufbau über einen magnetischen Kreis verfügen, der für die Funktionsweise wesentlich ist.
Stringy scaling of n-point Regge string scattering amplitudes
Authors: Lai Sheng-Hong , Lee Jen-Chi , Yang Yi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We discover a stringy scaling behavior for a class of n-point Regge string scattering amplitudes (RSSA). The number of independent kinematics variables is found to be reduced by dim$$ \mathcal{M} $$
M
.
The effect of natural organic matter (NOM) on the distribution and resources of mobile phosphorus in the bottom sediments of small retention reservoirs
Authors: Bartoszek Lilianna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the work detailed here was to determine the impact of the distribution of natural organic matter and grain size on the resources and distribution of mobile phosphorus in the bottom sediments of small reservoirs located in catchments subject to different levels of anthropopressure. The research objects were five small reservoirs located in southeast Poland. In small retention reservoirs, it is the anthropogenic impact of the catchment and its geological structure, and to a lesser extent sediment granulation, that determine the distribution of phosphorus fractions (especially in inorganic compounds) and the share of total P they account for. In general, a higher level of contamination of sediments with organic matter (OSION increase) is shown to be associated with a higher content of the organic fraction of phosphorus and easily decomposable organic matter. Within small retention reservoirs under significant anthropogenic influence from the catchment, sandy sediments compared with silty sediments were significantly less loaded with potentially mobile phosphorus as well as with organic forms of phosphorus and (sometimes) nitrogen. The occurrence of humic-metal-phosphate complexes is determined by there being sufficient organic matter, especially humic fractions. Fractions of inorganic phosphorus compounds and organic matter have the terrigenous source of these pollutants in common. The organic sediment index can serve as an adjunctive indicator with which to assess the potential ability of the sediments in small retention reservoirs to internal supply of the water column in nutrients.
Individuelle Beckenteilersatz-Implantate: 3-D-Planung und Versorgungskonzepte
Authors: Wessling Martin , Jaenisch Max , Hanusrichter Yannik , Wirtz Dieter Christian , Gebert Carsten , Randau Thomas Martin 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Planung und Implantation eines individuellen Beckenteilersatzes stellt hohe Anforderungen sowohl an den Operateur als auch an das gesamte Team (Ingenieur, Assistenten, Operationsteam). Durch die sorgfältige präoperative Planung sowie die stringente intraoperative Durchführung stellt der individuelle Beckenteilersatz ein aufwendiges, aber zuverlässig anwendbares Verfahren zur Defektrekonstruktion auch hochkomplexer azetabulärer Knochendefekte dar, auch nach multiplen Voroperationen.
Effects of species and moisture content on the behaviour of solid wood under impact
Authors: Hassan Vand Mojtaba , Tippner Jan , Brabec Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe article's main aim is to assess the effects of species and moisture content (MC) on the behaviour of solid wood material under the low velocity of impact and present a pattern for predicting loading vs time curves for these species in different moisture levels. Three groups of samples (300 × 20 × 20 mm) were made from beech, oak, and spruce wood. Each group was subdivided into two groups with low moisture content (LMC) level (10–12%) and high moisture content (HMC) level (40–60%). A drop-weight impact machine did the tests, and high-speed cameras recorded the lateral specimens' surface during the impact. The digital image correlation technique (DIC) determined the strain pattern and the deflection. The timing of the crack initiation was also observed. Also, the force–time charts, the maximum force required for crack initiation, the work needed for crack initiation, and the total work required for the breakage of every specimen were gathered. A general force–time pattern with five identifiable steps was determined for each group. It turned out that the maximum deflection and longitudinal tensile strain of the beams up to crack initiation increase with increased moisture content while maximum force decreases. Unlike beech, the required work for rupture of HMC samples of oak and spruce is higher than LMC group.
Superrosiness and dense pairs of geometric structures
Authors: Boxall Gareth J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLet T be a complete geometric theory and let $$T_P$$

T
P

be the theory of dense pairs of models of T. We show that if T is superrosy with "Equation missing"-rank 1 then $$T_P$$

T
P

is superrosy with "Equation missing"-rank at most $$\omega $$
ω
.
Absolute field calibration of receiver antenna phase center models for GPS/BDS-3 signals
Authors: Zhou Renyu , Hu Zhigang , Zhao Qile , Chen Guo , Tao Jun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith the advancement of multi-GNSS systems, the field calibration of GNSS receiver antennas has been updated at Wuhan University. Benefiting from the use of a six-axis robot that can change its position and attitude precisely, multisession calibration experiments were implemented for several antennas of two types. The calibrations show a high stability of 1 mm for both the phase center offset and phase variation estimation. Compared to the models disclosed in igs14.atx and igsR3.atx, phase center correction differences at the 1 mm level can be obtained for most signals for elevation angles above 15°. For lower elevations, the consistency with the reference model increases to 2–3 mm or more. The consistency of calibrations with different receivers was investigated, and root mean square of differences between these models was better than 0.15 mm. In a short-baseline positioning experiment, the coordinate discrepancies introduced by an antenna phase center (APC) model between GPS and BDS-3 signals could be significantly reduced to the 1 mm level. Compared to the reference coordinates, the positioning accuracies for GPS and BDS-3 were both less than 2 mm with the adoption of the calibrated APC model. The multi-GNSS calibration system tested in this experiment is preliminarily proven reliable and could be applied to future antenna calibration for multi-GNSS applications.
Das Strafverfahren gegen den SS‑Oberführer Erich Ehrlinger aus rechtsmedizinischer Sicht
Authors: Schwarz Clara-Sophie , Münch Nikolai , Walz Cleo , Germerott Tanja 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Erich Ehrlinger wurde wegen nationalsozialistischer Kriegsverbrechen strafrechtlich verfolgt. Im ersten Teil des Beitrags ließen sich Anhaltspunkte für den taktischen Einsatz gesundheitlicher Probleme Ehrlingers zugunsten einer Verzögerung des Verfahrens zeigen. Der vom Gerichtsmediziner Berthold Mueller für haft- und verhandlungsunfähig erklärte Ehrlinger wurde 1965 aus der Haft entlassen.

Fragestellung
Im zweiten Teil des Beitrags soll auf den Gerichtsmediziner Berthold Mueller und seine Gutachten eingegangen werden. Hierbei soll geprüft werden, ob und inwiefern dem Vorwurf Simon Wiesenthals, Mediziner hätten Kriegsverbrechern zu einer Art Amnestie verholfen, im Fall Ehrlinger zugestimmt werden kann.

Material und Methoden
Nach beantragter und genehmigter Sperrfristverkürzung wurde eine Analyse der Verfahrensakten im Generallandesarchiv Karlsruhe vorgenommen.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Es lässt sich zeigen, dass Mueller die gesetzlichen Vorgaben im Fall Ehrlinger in auffälliger Weise zugunsten des Angeklagten anwendete und damit von der eigenen Lehrmeinung abwich. Zumindest, was Mueller angeht, kann der Vorwurf, Mediziner hätten Kriegsverbrechern zu einer Art Amnestie verholfen, nicht entkräftet werden. Um den Fall Ehrlinger diesbezüglich vollumfänglich einordnen zu können, bedarf es allerdings noch einer Auswertung der nervenärztlichen Gutachten, die im Fall Ehrlinger erstattet wurden, aus forensisch-psychiatrischer Sicht.
Schusstodesfälle am Institut für Rechtsmedizin Gießen (2009–2018)
Authors: Wolf P. M. , Dettmeyer R. B. , Holz F. , Birngruber C. G. 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungEine retrospektive Auswertung der im Zeitraum von 2009 bis 2018 am Institut für Rechtsmedizin Gießen durchgeführten 5400 Sektionen und Leichenschauen ergab 111 Todesfälle als Folge eines Schusswaffengebrauchs. Diese Fälle wurden hinsichtlich allgemeiner Daten, demografischer Merkmale der Verstorbenen, Schussverletzungen, Todesumstände und -orte, verwendeter Waffen, weiterführender Untersuchungen und etwaiger Täter analysiert.Die Schusstodesfälle verteilten sich auf knapp ein Viertel Homizide, drei Viertel Suizide sowie einen Unfall. Etwa 9 von 10 Schusstoten waren männlich; nahezu drei Viertel der Schusstodesfälle betraf Menschen in der 2. Lebenshälfte. Der häufigste Todesort war sowohl bei Homiziden als auch bei Suiziden das häusliche Umfeld. Ganz überwiegend wiesen die Leichname nur eine einzige Schussverletzung auf; bei den Suiziden lagen nie mehr als 3 Schussverletzungen vor. Die maximale Anzahl von 17 Schussverletzungen fand sich bei 2 Homiziden. Kurzwaffen kamen in zwei Dritteln aller Fälle zum Einsatz, bei den Homiziden deutlich häufiger als bei den Suiziden. Aussagen zum Legalitätsstatus des Waffenbesitzes konnten in etwa zwei Drittel aller Fälle getroffen werden.Aus dem Vergleich mit Datenerhebungen aus rechtsmedizinischen Instituten in Deutschland und anderen Ländern lassen sich teils deutliche regionale Besonderheiten ableiten.
MK-801 and cognitive functions: Investigating the behavioral effects of a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist
Authors: Janus Anna , Lustyk Klaudia , Pytka Karolina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRationaleMK-801 (dizocilpine) is a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist originally explored for anticonvulsant potential. Despite its original purpose, its amnestic properties led to the development of pivotal models of various cognitive impairments widely employed in research and greatly impacting scientific progress. MK-801 offers several advantages; however, it also presents drawbacks, including inducing dose-dependent hyperlocomotion or ambiguous effects on anxiety, which can impact the interpretation of behavioral research results.ObjectivesThe present review attempts to summarize and discuss the effects of MK-801 on different types of memory and cognitive functions in animal studies.ResultsA plethora of behavioral research suggests that MK-801 can detrimentally impact cognitive functions. The specific effect of this compound is influenced by variables including developmental stage, gender, species, strain, and, crucially, the administered dose. Notably, when considering the undesirable effects of MK-801, doses up to 0.1 mg/kg were found not to induce stereotypy or hyperlocomotion.ConclusionDizocilpine continues to be of significant importance in preclinical research, facilitating the exploration of various procognitive therapeutic agents. However, given its potential undesirable effects, it is imperative to meticulously determine the appropriate dosages and conduct supplementary evaluations for any undesirable outcomes, which could complicate the interpretation of the findings.
Myocardial injury and long-term oncological outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer
Authors: Zahid Jawad Ahmad , Orhan Adile , Hadi Noor Al-Huda , Ekeloef Sarah , Gögenur Ismail 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) is associated with increased mortality and postoperative complications. In patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), postoperative complications are a risk factor for cancer recurrence and disease-free survival. This study investigates the association between MINS and long-term oncological outcomes in patients with CRC in an ERAS setting.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Zealand University Hospital, Denmark, between June 2015 and July 2017. Patients undergoing CRC surgery were included if troponin was measured twice after surgery. Outcomes were all-cause mortality, recurrence, and disease-free survival within five years of surgery.

Results
Among 586 patients, 42 suffered MINS. After five years, 36% of patients with MINS and 26% without MINS had died, p = 0.15. When adjusted for sex, age and UICC, the hazard ratio (aHR) for 1-year all-cause mortality, recurrence, and disease-free survival were 2.40 [0.93–6.22], 1.47 [0.19–11.29], and 2.25 [0.95–5.32] for patients with MINS compared with those without, respectively. Further adjusting for ASA status, performance status, smoking, and laparotomies, the aHR for 3- and 5-year all-cause mortality were 1.05 [0.51–2.15] and 1.11 [0.62–1.99], respectively. Similarly, the aHR for 3- and 5-year recurrence were 1.38 [0.46–4.51], and 1.49 [0.56–3.98] and for 3- and 5-year disease-free survival the aHR were 1.19 [0.63–2.23], and 1.19 [0.70–2.03].

Conclusion
In absolute numbers, we found no difference in all-cause mortality and recurrence in patients with and without MINS. In adjusted Cox regression analyses, the hazard was increased for all-cause mortality, recurrence, and disease-free survival in patients with MINS without reaching statistical significance.
Diverticulosis and cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic literature review
Authors: Völkerer Andreas , Wernly Sarah , Semmler Georg , Flamm Maria , Aigner Elmar , Datz Christian , Wernly Bernhard 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
There is a hypothesis of an association between diverticulosis and metabolic syndrome (MS) or its components, but data on this topic are inconsistent, and a systematic review has not been performed. We conducted a systematic review to investigate the possible association between cardiometabolic risk factors and diverticulosis.

Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted via PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science in December 2022 to collect the necessary data. Studies that examined the association between MS or individual metabolic factors and asymptomatic diverticulosis were included in the review.

Results
Of the potentially relevant articles identified via PubMed (477), Cochrane Library (224), and Web of Science (296), 29 articles met the inclusion criteria and were used for this work. These studies were assessed for study quality using GRADE. Overall, 6 studies were rated as “very low,” 19 studies as “low,” and 4 studies as “moderate.” The data suggest an association between arterial hypertension, obesity, and fatty liver disease in younger patients and diverticulosis. Patient age appears to play an important role in diverticular formation. Data on diabetes mellitus is inconclusive and may require further investigation depending on the location of the diverticula.

Conclusion
Based on the synthesized data, there is an association between arterial hypertension, obesity, and fatty liver disease in younger patients. The formation of diverticula seems to be influenced by age and genetic factors. The study suggests a connection with cardiometabolic risk factors. To gain a better understanding of the role of metabolic risk factors in asymptomatic diverticulosis, targeted studies are necessary based on these findings.
Balloon dilation improves both the hearing level and the quality of life in patients suffering from obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction
Authors: Pöyhönen Leena , Silvola Juha , Poe Dennis , Rautiainen Markus , Kivekäs Ilkka 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Chronic obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction (OETD) can lead to tympanic membrane (TM) retraction and middle ear effusion (MEE) which can cause conductive hearing impairment, which among other ear symptoms can lower the quality of life (QoL). In this prospective study we assess hearing results and subjective changes in QoL following balloon Eustachian tuboplasty (BET) in treatment of OETD.

Methods
Totally 25 ears with TM retraction and 18 ears with MEE due to chronic OETD underwent BET as the sole intervention. Outcomes including otoscopy, ability to perform the Valsalva maneuver, tympanometry, audiometry, Eustachian tube inflammation scale and the Glasgow Benefit Inventory questionnaire (GBI) were obtained on all patients preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively.

Results
Hearing thresholds improved statistically significantly (p < 0.05) with means of 3 dB in the TM retraction group and 9 dB in the MEE group. Total GBI results indicated a positive influence on patients’ QoL. Valsalva success rate was 80% in patients with TM retraction and 67% in patients with MEE. Tympanometry results improved in 50% of TM retraction patients and in 33% of MEE patients.

Conclusions
Here we demonstrated that the BET has a positive impact on patients’ conductive hearing loss and QoL in patients with TM retraction or MEE. Results were better in TM retraction group than in MEE group.
Effects of current alcohol use on brain volume among older adults in the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort study 2014–16
Authors: Lindberg Olof , Ahlner Felicia , Tsevis Theofanis , Pereira Joana B. , Westman Eric , Skoog Ingmar , Wahlund Lars-Olof 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBrain gray- and white matter changes is well described in alcohol-dependent elderly subjects; however, the effect of lower levels of alcohol consumption on the brain is poorly understood. We investigated the impact of different amounts of weekly alcohol consumption on brain structure in a population-based sample of 70-year-olds living in Gothenburg, Sweden. Cross-sectional data from 676 participants from The Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Study 2014–16 were included. Current alcohol consumers were divided into seven groups based on self-reported weekly amounts of alcohol consumption in grams (g) (0–50 g/week, used as reference group, 51–100 g/week, 101–150 g/week, 151–200 g/week, 201–250 g/week, 251–300 g/week, and > 300 g/week). Subcortical volumes and cortical thickness were assessed on T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images using FreeSurfer 5.3, and white matter integrity assessed on diffusion tensor images, using tract-based statistics in FSL. General linear models were carried out to estimate associations between alcohol consumption and gray- and white matter changes in the brain. Self-reported consumption above 250 g/week was associated with thinning in the bilateral superior frontal gyrus, the right precentral gyrus, and the right lateral occipital cortex, in addition to reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased mean diffusivity (MD) diffusively spread in many tracts all over the brain. No changes were found in subcortical gray matter structures. These results suggest that there is a non-linear relationship between alcohol consumption and structural brain changes, in which loss of cortical thickness only occur in non-demented 70-year-olds who consume more than 250 g/week.
Occupational physical activity and resting blood pressure in male construction workers
Authors: Öhlin Jerry , Liv Per , Andersson Martin , Järvholm Bengt , Slunga Järvholm Lisbeth , Stjernbrandt Albin , Wahlström Viktoria 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study investigated the association between occupational physical activity (OPA) and resting blood pressure in a cohort of Swedish construction workers.

Methods
The final sample included 241,176 male construction workers. Occupations with low OPA were foremen and white-collar workers. The most frequent occupations in the medium OPA group were electricians, pipe workers, and machine operators, and in the high OPA group woodworkers, concrete workers, and painters.

Results
Mixed effects models showed higher systolic and lower diastolic blood pressure with higher OPA, but the associations varied depending on the year of participation and participant age as shown by significant interaction terms (OPA*age, OPA*calendar year, age*calendar year). Age-stratified linear regression analyses showed a pattern of slightly higher systolic (1.49, 95% confidence interval: 1.08–1.90 mmHg) and lower diastolic (0.89, 95% confidence interval: 0.65–1.13 mmHg) blood pressure when comparing low with high OPA, but not among the oldest age groups.

Conclusion
Despite a rather large contrast in OPA, the differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressure according to OPA were small.