bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Waterborne polyurethane dispersions based on polypropylene glycol/polycarbonate diol: Evaluation of their use as wood protective coatings
Authors: Alves Taciana R. , Pacheli Heitmann Ana , Ayres Eliane , Coura Ítalo Rocha , de Souza Patterson P. , de O. Patricio Patrícia S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhen exposed to the open air, the wood can change its physical and structural properties due to the combined effect of ultraviolet radiation, oxygen, humidity, atmospheric pollutants, and microorganisms. The demand for durable coatings with application to wooden structures or pieces is always a relevant topic. Waterborne polyurethane (WPU) dispersions as wood protective coatings might be attractive, especially outdoors. In this work, WPU dispersions have been synthesized from isophorone diisocyanate and different ratios of polypropylene glycol and polycarbonate (PC) diol. Synthesized polyurethanes were applied to wood surfaces as a coating. The results showed that the partial and total replacement of polypropylene glycol (PPG) by PC influences the mechanical, thermal, and structural properties of the films obtained from aqueous polyurethane dispersions. In addition, a simple and promising methodology based on Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectra was proposed to determine the polycarbonate content in poly(carbonate‐ether‐urethane). The synthesized coatings reduced water absorption by the wood, especially the one with a 25:75 polycarbonate to PPG ratio. The applied coating does not impact the final color of the wood, allowing a natural aging effect. Polyurethanes are promising for use as coatings for wood.
A novel seismic full waveform inversion approach for assessing the internal structure of a medieval sea dike
Authors: Schwardt Michaela , Wilken Dennis , Köhn Daniel , Rabbel Wolfgang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCoastal protection in the form of dike constructions has a long history at the German North Frisian coast dating back to the High Middle Ages. As the vast majority of the dikes built prior to the devastating storm surges of the Middle Ages have been irretrievably destroyed, mostly sparse remains and only a few well preserved of these medieval dikes are found along the German North Frisian coast and within the Wadden Sea. Not all details of their construction and dimensions are yet understood. In the present case study, we investigate the historical Schardeich on the island of Pellworm in the German North Sea in a noninvasive way using shear waves (SH‐waves). For the data interpretation, we applied a combination of seismic full waveform inversion and classical seismic reflection imaging to determine the interior structure of the dike and its underlying layers at the highest possible resolution. The results obtained on land are compared with dike remains found in the tidal flats. These remains show up in marine seismic sections as characteristic reflections, which probably represent a compaction layer caused by the load of the former dike. For ground truthing, we compare the seismic results with internal dike structures found in nearby excavations. The comparison highlights that FWI is a reliable tool for near‐surface archaeological prospecting. We find that SH‐wave FWI provides decimetre‐scale velocity and density models that allow, together with the seismic reflection section, to determine distinct construction phases of the dike. The investigated dike further shows a depression at base level of about 0.75 m, which is of the same order as observed for the dike base reflections in the tidal flats. Transferring these findings to the dike remains mapped in the tidal flats, we derive a height of the former dike from 2.2 to 4.4 m.
PIMas a caring: Using ethics of care to explore personal information management as a caring process
Authors: Cushing Amber L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the use of Fisher and Tronto's four phases of ethics of care (caring about, taking care of, caregiving, and care receiving) to three personal information management (PIM) frameworks, with a focus on PIM maintaining. The author argues that ethics of care can provide a theoretical foundation for PIM by using the four phases of caring to develop a perspective of PIM as a caring process using the categories of PIM as self‐care and PIM as caring for others. The paper begins by reviewing Fisher and Tronto's ethics of care, cites research in related fields that have applied ethics of care, and then describes how ethics of care could be applied to PIM research. To conclude, the author offers suggestions for how ethics of care can be applied to future PIM research in the following areas: better understand the motivations for PIM; the ways in which PIM can contribute to the social concepts of equality, justice, and trust and how social institutions can facilitate “good” PIM.
Ophthalmologic diagnoses in youths with autism spectrum disorder: Prevalence and clinical correlates
Authors: Wu Chi‐Shin , Tsai Tzu‐Hsun , Chen Wei‐Li , Tsai Hui‐Ju , Chien Yi‐Ling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with a high prevalence of visual dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the rates of amblyopia, refractive errors, and strabismus, as well as their clinical correlates in ASD. This population‐based matched‐cohort study used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. A total of 3,551 youths with ASD and 35,510 non‐autistic control participants matched by age and sex were included. All the participants were followed‐up until they were 18 years old. The prevalence of amblyopia, refractive errors, and strabismus was compared between the ASD and control groups. Effect modifiers, including sex, ASD subgroup, and co‐diagnosis of intelligence disability, were examined. Compared to the control group, youths with ASD had a significantly increased risk of amblyopia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.75), anisometropia (aOR = 1.66), astigmatism (aOR = 1.51), hypermetropia (aOR = 2.08), exotropia (aOR = 2.86), and esotropia (aOR = 2.63), but a comparable likelihood of myopia according to age. Males with ASD had a significantly lower likelihood of exotropia, but a higher likelihood of myopia than females with ASD. The autism subgroup had a higher OR for hypermetropia, but a lower OR for myopia than the other ASD subgroups. ASD youths with intelligence disabilities demonstrated significantly higher ORs for amblyopia, hypermetropia, and all types of strabismus and lower OR for myopia than those without intelligence disabilities. In conclusion, the rates of amblyopia, refractive errors, and strabismus were higher in youths with ASD. Ocular abnormalities in youths with ASD require a comprehensive assessment and management.
Fabrication and integration of a low‐cost 3D printing‐based glucose biosensor for bioprinted liver‐on‐a‐chip
Authors: Lee Jaehee , Maji Somnath , Lee Hyungseok 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the last two decades, significant progress has been made in the development of more physiologically relevant organ‐on‐a‐chip (OOC) systems that can mimic tissue microenvironments. Despite the advantages of these microphysiological systems, such as portability, ability to mimic physiological flow conditions, and reduction of the number of reagents required for preparation and detection, they lack real‐time analyte detection with high accuracy. To address this limitation, biosensor technologies have been integrated with OOC systems to facilitate simultaneous analysis of different analytes with a single device. However, the integration of biosensors with OOC systems is challenging because of the competing demands of low‐cost, simple fabrication processes and speed. In this study, we fabricate a glucose‐sensing device and integrate it with a liver‐on‐a‐chip (LOC) platform. A carbon black‐polylactic acid‐based three‐electrode system was printed using fused deposit molding 3D printing technology to simplify the fabrication process. The sensitivity of the fabricated glucose biosensing device was enhanced by coating the electrodes with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes. A biosensing integration study performed using a perfusion‐based LOC demonstrated the stability, biocompatibility, and sensitivity of the proposed glucose sensing device. Furthermore, drug‐toxicity studies conducted using the LOC platform demonstrated the ability of the device to detect a broad range of glucose concentrations and its enhanced sensitivity.
Does mandating ESG reporting reduce ESG decoupling? Evidence from the European Union's Directive 2014/95
Authors: Aboud Ahmed , Saleh Ahmed , Eliwa Yasser 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of Directive 2014/95 (hereafter, ‘the Directive’) issued by the European Union (EU) that mandates the disclosure of ESG information on ESG decoupling behaviour by EU‐listed firms and whether the strength of national enforcement systems of member states plays a moderating role in this relationship. Using a difference‐in‐differences design and employing a propensity score matched sample of 3020 firm‐year observations from the EU and the United States, we find that both the passage of the Directive in 2014 and the implementation of the Directive in 2017 have a mitigating effect on ESG decoupling. We also find that the strength of national enforcement systems has no impact on the relationship between the Directive and ESG decoupling. Furthermore, our additional analysis indicates that the effect of the Directive is less pronounced for firms that have their ESG information independently audited. Additionally, we find that the impact of the Directive is more pronounced for firms operating in non‐controversial industry sectors. While the Directive is under ongoing revision by the EU Parliament and Commission to be replaced by the new Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), our study provides timely insights into the effectiveness of the Directive and its impact on ESG information.
First clinical case series of frosted branch angiitis: A diagnostic algorithm is suggested
Authors: Gurnani Bharat , Balamurugan Sivaraman , Kanakath Anuradha , Kaur Kirandeep , Gupta Abhay , Chaudhary Sameer 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageFBA is a clinical diagnosis of a diverse spectrum, which needs a high index of suspicion to identify the possible specific etiologies. The zones of retinal involvement can help in predicting the final visual outcome. The proposed diagnostic algorithm facilitates meticulous evaluation and targeted treatment to improve the final visual outcome.AbstractFrosted branch angiitis is a clinical diagnosis of a diverse spectrum, which needs a high index of suspicion to identify the possible specific etiologies. We present a series of three cases of FBA with an attempt to formulate a diagnostic algorithm and refine the definition of FBA.
Endovascular coils mimicking accidental ingestion of a dental‐related foreign body in radiographic imaging
Authors: Nakayama Nami , Nakamura Satoshi , Yamada Miki , Iijima Yosuke , Hino Shunsuke , Horie Norio , Kaneko Takahiro 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageIf a foreign body is seen on chest or abdominal radiographs, accidental aspiration or ingestion of a dental‐related foreign body may be suspected. This report describes a case in which vascular embolization coils seen on radiography were suspected to represent a swallowed dental prosthesis. A 72‐year‐old man with a history of endovascular embolization of portosystemic shunt was admitted for mandibular fracture. On hospital day 2, a foreign body was noted on chest radiographs taken to confirm pleural effusion. No foreign body had been evident on radiographs of the same area the previous day. The foreign body was suspected to be a dental prosthesis, but intraoral examination ruled out this possibility, and the foreign body turned out to be metal coils used to embolize the shunt. Dentists and oral surgeons should be aware that medical devices such as vascular embolization coils can produce images similar to a dental‐related foreign body on chest or abdominal radiographs, and dental‐related foreign body ingestion or aspiration should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Hepatic encephalopathy due to cardiac cirrhosis
Authors: Ono Ryohei , Goto Hiroki , Oyama Yuhei , Tateishi Kazuya , Takaoka Hiroyuki , Kato Naoya , Kobayashi Yoshio 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageRight‐sided heart failure, including tricuspid regurgitation (TR), can cause cardiac cirrhosis. The pathophysiology is reduced arterial perfusion and passive congestion secondary to increased systemic venous pressure. However, hepatic encephalopathy due to cardiac cirrhosis is rare. This is the first case of hepatic encephalopathy with cardiac cirrhosis caused by persistent TR.
Delayed presentation of placenta accreta following a first‐trimester medical abortion
Authors: Maurer Jenna , Ramani Sangeeta , Xu Bo , Gallousis Stephen , Clark Mitchell , Andikyan Vaagn 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessagePlacenta accreta can rarely present as a uterine mass on imaging months after a first trimester medical abortion, even in patients at low‐risk for abnormal placentation. Early and accurate diagnosis can be crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with this disease, particularly for those desiring fertility preservation.
Efficient Palladium Catalysts: Application and Challenges of Electrocatalytic Hydrodechlorination Technology in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Li Junjing , Kong Kaizhou 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis review summarizes the research progress of palladium (Pd) catalysts in electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination (ECH) for the removal of chlorinated organic pollutants (COPs). ECH technology is a new type of green water treatment technology without secondary pollution, which has excellent removal effect on COPs. Pd is widely used in the field of ECH due to its excellent catalytic properties. However, the easy deactivation and high price of Pd have limited the application of Pd catalysts in practical wastewater treatment. Researchers have improved the performance of Pd catalysts for ECH by improving the morphological structure (dispersion, particle size, crystalline surface) and electronic states (electron‐rich Pd, electron‐deficient Pd). It is also found that modulation of the adsorption abilities of Pd catalysts can greatly improve the catalytic activity. The factors affecting the stability of Pd catalysts are also investigated, and the future large‐scale mature application of ECH technology is envisioned. The ability to prepare single‐atom Pd catalysts in a relatively simple way is a future direction, which will achieve 100 % atom utilization and thus significantly reduce the cost of Pd. This review details the frontier research on Pd catalysts in the field of ECH, which can provide some good strategies for related researchers.
Early age properties and water resistance of calcium hydroxide modified volcanic ash‐based phosphate geopolymer binders
Authors: Djobo Jean Noël Yankwa , Hirsch Tamino , Stephan Dietmar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work aims to improve the early age characteristics and water resistance of volcanic ash‐based phosphate geopolymer materials by modifying the chemistry of the binder with calcium hydroxide (CH). Phosphate geopolymer binders with Ca/P molar ratios ranging from 0.49 to 0.80 were prepared. Then the early and late age physical properties were then determined. The hardened binder was characterized by various analytical techniques involving XRD, TGA‐DSC, and SEM‐EDS. The results showed that the use of CH decreases the initial setting time from several hours to less than 5 min. At the same time, the 1 d compressive strength was increased from 0 to 15 MPa with the increase in the Ca/P molar ratio. Moreover, the slow dissolution rate of volcanic ash was responsible for the low strength at an early age but beneficial to improving the geopolymerisation with time. This favored the high strength of the control phosphate geopolymer, which reached 52.5 MPa at 56d and was higher than those with CH (28.5–45.2 MPa). However, the control phosphate geopolymer had poor water resistance, with strength retention ranging from 21%–57% compared to 76%–90% for phosphate geopolymer with CH. This is because of the leaching of the reactive phase underwater that inhibits further reaction progress. In addition, the modification of the binder chemistry with CH leads to the formation of new calcium phosphate phases that also contribute to enhancing water resistance.
Hydrogen‐induced Sulfur Vacancies on the MoS2 Basal Plane Studied by Ambient Pressure XPS and DFT Calculations
Authors: Ozaki Fumihiko , Tanaka Shunsuke , Choi YoungHyun , Osada Wataru , Mukai Kozo , Kawamura Mitsuaki , Fukuda Masahiro , Horio Masafumi , Koitaya Takanori , Yamamoto Susumu , Matsuda Iwao , Ozaki Taisuke , Yoshinobu Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSulfur vacancy on an MoS2 basal plane plays a crucial role in device performance and catalytic activity; thus, an understanding of the electronic states of sulfur vacancies is still an important issue. We investigate the electronic states on an MoS2 basal plane by ambient‐pressure X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP‐XPS) and density functional theory calculations while heating the system in hydrogen. The AP‐XPS results show a decrease in the intensity ratio of S 2p to Mo 3d, indicating that sulfur vacancies are formed. Furthermore, low‐energy components are observed in Mo 3d and S 2p spectra. To understand the changes in the electronic states induced by sulfur vacancy formation at the atomic scale, we calculate the core‐level binding energies for the model vacancy surfaces. The calculated shifts for Mo 3d and S 2p with the formation of sulfur vacancy are consistent with the experimentally observed binding energy shifts. Mulliken charge analysis indicates that this is caused by an increase in the electronic density associated with the Mo and S atoms around the sulfur vacancy as compared to the pristine surface. The present investigation provides a guideline for sulfur vacancy engineering.
Organic Fluorine Compounds and Their Uses as Molecular MR‐Based Temperature Sensors
Authors: Bruns Christian , Ringleb Rainer , Prediger Isabell , Euchner Frederike , Bernarding Johannes , Plaumann Markus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe interest in fluorinated substances has increased significantly in recent decades due to their diverse properties and possible uses. An important analytical method in this context is NMR spectroscopy, which provides information on the structure as well as on intermolecular interactions or generally on changes in the environment of the nucleus under consideration. A physical quantity that is of great importance in most studies is temperature. However, this is not always easy, e. g. in shielded systems or within an organism. However, the application potential in chemical reactors or in medical diagnosis and therapy is very high and for this reason 13 fluorinated organic compound were chosen for a first 19F NMR signal temperature sensitivity examination for determination of local temperatures in solution. Polyfluorinated molecules with separate 19F MR signals are particularly suitable for temperature determination. Those can be serve as internal error‐correcting thermometers without the need of a reference substance. Under these conditions, a 19F MR signal shift of up to 0.03 ppm/K was detectable. Fluorine position and chemical environment were very important for the temperature sensitivity.
Direct Experimental Observations of Ion Distributions during Overcharging at the Muscovite‐Water Interface by Adsorption of Rb+ and Halides (Cl−, Br−, I−) at High Salinity
Authors: Neumann Julia , Lee Sang Soo , Zhao Eric J. , Fenter Paul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractClassical electric double layer (EDL) models have been widely used to describe ion distributions at charged solid‐water interfaces in dilute electrolytes. However, the chemistry of EDLs remains poorly constrained at high ionic strength where ion‐ion correlations control non‐classical behavior such as overcharging, i. e., the accumulation of counter‐ions in amounts exceeding the substrate's surface charge. Here, we provide direct experimental observations of correlated cation and anion distributions adsorbed at the muscovite (001)‐aqueous electrolyte interface as a function of dissolved RbBr concentration ([RbBr]=0.01–5.8 M) using resonant anomalous X‐ray reflectivity. Our results show alternating cation‐anion layers in the EDL when [RbBr]≳100 mM, whose spatial extension (i. e., ~20 Å from the surface) far exceeds the dimension of the classical Stern layer. Comparison to RbCl and RbI electrolytes indicates that these behaviors are sensitive to the choice of co‐ion. This new in‐depth molecular‐scale understanding of the EDL structure during transition from classical to non‐classical regimes supports the development of realistic EDL models for technologies operating at high salinity such as water purification applications or modern electrochemical storage.
Differentiation strategies and firms' environmental, social and governance: The different moderating effects of historical and social performance shortfalls
Authors: Ren Ge , Zeng Ping , Zhong Xi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhether and when differentiation strategies affect firms' environmental, social and governance (ESG) involvement remains unclear. Based on resource‐based view and behavioral theory of the firm, we propose that as the degree of differentiation strategies increases, firms' motivation to engage in ESG increases. Additionally, we propose that performance shortfalls moderate the relationship between differentiation strategies and a firm's ESG involvement. Specifically, we argue that historical performance shortfalls enhance this relationship, whereas social performance shortfalls weaken it. Using a large longitudinal dataset constructed from empirical data on Chinese listed companies from 2011 to 2020, we find strong support for these theoretical arguments. This study extends the differentiation strategies, and ESG literature by providing the first large sample of evidence that differentiation strategy is a key factor in facilitating firms' ESG involvement. The findings of this study also help firms to enhance their ESG practices by revisiting their existing strategies and relative performance.
Do ESG disclosures lead to superior firm performance? A method of moments panel quantile regression approach
Authors: Veeravel V. , Sadharma E. K. S. , Kamaiah Bandi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe verify the effect of ESG disclosures on firm performance using NSE 500 index listed companies spanning from 2010 to 2020. The study employs a method‐of‐moments quantile regression approach to test whether ESG disclosures lead to superior firm performance. We find evidence that environmental, social, and governance disclosures positively influence firm performance. Higher quantiles of ESG disclosures are associated with better market performance (Tobin's Q), and the same lead to lower profitability (ROA). The present study suggests that companies aspiring to improve their financial performance may pay more attention to ESG disclosure practices.