bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The switching process from buprenorphine sublingual tablets to the monthly buprenorphine subcutaneous depot injection in opioid dependent patients
Authors: Guillery Stephanie Paula Elisabeth , Reiners Sven , Fahrner Marius , Enge Sören , Hellweg Rainer , Kunte Hagen , Kronenberg Golo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe 2018 European Union (EU) approved weekly and monthly subcutaneous buprenorphine depot injection (BUP‐XR), for opioid substitution medication proved to offer some specific treatment benefits. The present study examines the process of switching from buprenorphine sublingual tablets (BUP‐SL) to BUP‐XR from a patient's point of view. In total, nine patients were surveyed by means of an open‐answer questionnaire regarding course and side effects of the medication switch. Six of these patients were surveyed in more detail under BUP‐SL, as well as 4 and 16 weeks after the switch to BUP‐XR by means of a test battery of questions on socio‐demography, withdrawal symptoms, craving, physical well‐being, treatment satisfaction and concomitant use of illegal substances. Patients reported significant worse physical well‐being and lower treatment satisfaction in 4 weeks compared with 16 weeks after the medication switch to the BUP‐XR. Furthermore, they reported significant more frequent co‐use of illicit drugs, worse physical well‐being, lower treatment satisfaction and more craving experience 4 weeks after the switch compared with the treatment under BUP‐SL. Patients 16 weeks under BUP‐XR reported significant more illicit co‐use and lower treatment satisfaction compared with patients under BUP‐SL. Connections between therapy dissatisfaction, physical discomfort, experienced craving and drug co‐consumption were discovered. In the first weeks after the medication switch, patients experience potentially distressing symptoms, which, however, seem to diminish over time. Close supervision and comprehensive patient education on possible burdens of the medication switch to the BUP‐XR might prevent unfavourable treatment courses and premature therapy dropouts.
Non‐invasive diagnosis of alcohol‐related steatohepatitis in patients ongoing alcohol withdrawal based on cytokeratin 18 and transient elastography
Authors: Chalin Arnaud , Turlin Bruno , Ousmen Ahmad , Michalak Sophie , Mueller Johannes , Mueller Sebastian , Legros Ludivine , Bardou‐Jacquet Edouard , Viel Jean François , Samson Michel , Moirand Romain 
Published: April 2023

SummaryBackground and AimsThe diagnosis of alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) is based on liver biopsy, which is costly and invasive with non‐negligible morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of circulating cytokeratin 18 M65 fragment (K18‐M65) alone or in association with other markers for the non‐invasive diagnosis of ASH in patients ongoing alcohol withdrawal.MethodsThis study examined the serum level of K18‐M65 in a test cohort of 196 patients. All patients underwent liver biopsy, transient elastography (TE) and serum collection. The diagnostic accuracy of K18‐M65 alone or combined with clinico‐biological data was assessed and the best defined cut‐offs were validated in an independent validation cohort of 58 patients.ResultsK18‐M65 had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82 (test cohort) and 0.90 (validation cohort). Using two cut‐off decision points, K18‐M65 was able to classify 46.9% (test cohort) and 34.5% (validation cohort) of patients with 95% sensitivity or specificity. Combining K18‐M65, alpha‐2‐macroglobulin, TE, body mass index, and age, we created a score allowing accurate diagnosis of ASH with an AUC of 0.93 (test cohort) and 0.94 (validation cohort). This new score was able to rule out or rule in the diagnosis of steatohepatitis for probability ≤0.135 or ≥0.667 respectively in more than two‐thirds of patients.ConclusionsWe propose a new validated non‐invasive score for the diagnosis of ASH in patients ongoing alcohol withdrawal. This score can help to identify patients that may benefit from potential therapeutics or motivate them to reduce alcohol consumption.
Patients with elderly onset inflammatory bowel disease have a decreased chance of initiation of all types of medications and increased risk of surgeries—A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Nørgård Bente Mertz , Zegers Floor Dijkstra , Knudsen Torben , Kjeldsen Jens , Lund Ken , Brodersen Jacob Broder , Nielsen Jan 
Published: April 2023

SummaryObjectiveIn patients with elderly (≥60 years) onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), we studied initiation of medications, drug persistency and surgeries.DesignA nationwide cohort study based on Danish registries, comprising incident IBD patients ≥18 years from 1995 to 2020 (N = 69,039). Patients were divided into elderly (N = 19,187) and adult onset (N = 49,852). Outcomes were initiation of thiopurines, 5‐ASA, biologics and corticosteroids within 1 and 5 years after diagnosis, and for those who initiated medications, we estimated drug persistency. Surgeries were examined within 1 and 5 years. We used regression models controlling for covariates.ResultsIn elderly patients, the adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for initiating thiopurines, 5‐ASA and biologics within 1 year were 0.44 (95% CI 0.42–0.47), 0.77 (95% CI 0.75–0.79) and 0.29 (95% CI 0.26–0.31) respectively. The results were similar within 5 years. In elderly patients, drug persistency for thiopurines, 5‐ASA and biologics was not impaired within 5 years. The aHR of stopping steroids within 1 and 5 years were 0.80 (95% CI 0.76–0.84) and 0.77 (95% CI 0.74–0.80) respectively. The risk of surgeries was increased in the elderly patients (in ulcerative colitis, within 5 years, aHR 1.39 [95% CI 1.27–1.52], and in Crohn's disease 1.13 [95% CI 1.04–1.23]).ConclusionWe found significantly low chance of initiation of IBD medications in elderly patients, the reason may not be due to mild disease course. In elderly patients, drug persistency was comparable to adults. Clinicians should carefully consider whether they underuse IBD‐specific medications in elderly patients, and special attention should be applied to timely discontinuation of corticosteroids.
Systematics and biogeography of the Old World fern genus Antrophyum
Authors: Chen Cheng‐Wei , Lindsay Stuart , Nitta Joel , Rouhan Germinal , Sundue Michael , Perrie Leon R. , Huang Yao‐Moan , Chiou Wen‐Liang , Chung Kuo‐Fang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAntrophyum is one of the largest genera of vittarioid ferns (Pteridaceae) and is most diverse in tropical Asia and the Pacific Islands, but also occurs in temperate Asia, Australia, tropical Africa and the Malagasy region. The only monographic study of Antrophyum was published more than a century ago and a modern assessment of its diversity is lacking. Here, we reconstructed a comprehensively sampled and robustly supported phylogeny for the genus based on four chloroplast markers using Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony analyses. We then explored the evolution of the genus from the perspectives of morphology, systematics and historical biogeography. We investigated nine critical morphological characters using a morphometric approach and reconstructed their evolution on the phylogeny. We describe four new species and provide new insight into species delimitation. We currently recognize 34 species for the genus and provide a key to identify them. The results of biogeographical analysis suggest that the distribution of extant species is largely shaped by both ancient and recent dispersal events.
When Gestures Do or Do Not Follow Language‐Specific Patterns of Motion Expression in Speech: Evidence from Chinese, English and Turkish
Authors: Tütüncü Irmak Su , Paul Jing , Emerson Samantha N. , Şengül Murat , Knezevic Melanie , Özçalışkan Şeyda 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSpeakers of different languages (e.g., English vs. Turkish) show a binary split in how they package and order components of a motion event in speech and co‐speech gesture but not in silent gesture. In this study, we focused on Mandarin Chinese, a language that does not follow the binary split in its expression of motion in speech, and asked whether adult Chinese speakers would follow the language‐specific speech patterns in co‐speech but not silent gesture, thus showing a pattern akin to Turkish and English adult speakers in their description of animated motion events. Our results provided evidence for this pattern, with Chinese—as well as English and Turkish—speakers following language‐specific patterns in speech and co‐speech gesture but not in silent gesture. Our results provide support for the “thinking‐for‐speaking” account, namely that language influences thought only during online, but not offline, production of speech.
Ex‐situ graft reduction (H67) during hypothermic oxygenated perfusion to prevent large‐for‐size syndrome in liver transplantation—A technical report
Authors: Muller Xavier , Rossignol Guillaume , Mohkam Kayvan , Mabrut Jean‐Yves 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this report, we discuss several technical and anatomical details of ex‐situ H67 reduction of liver grafts during hypothermic oxygenated perfusion to prevent large‐for‐size syndrome in the case of anthropometric graft‐recipient mismatch.
Comparison of two doses of intrathecal morphine in laparoscopic donor hepatectomy: A randomized double‐blinded non‐inferiority trial
Authors: Lee Seungwon , Kang RyungA , Choi Gyu‐Seong , Kim Jong Man , Gwak Mi Sook , Lee Sangmin Maria , Kim Gaab Soo , Kim Ah Hyun , Ko Justin Sangwook 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntrathecal morphine (ITM) injection is an effective postoperative analgesic strategy in open or laparoscopic donor hepatectomy; however, the optimal dose has not been determined. In this trial, we compared the post‐operative analgesic effects of two doses (300 vs. 400 μg) of ITM injections.MethodsIn this prospective randomized non‐inferiority trial, 56 donors were divided into either the 300 μg or 400 μg ITM group (n = 28, each). The primary outcome was the resting pain score at 24 h postoperatively. Pain scores, cumulative opioid consumption, and side effects (postoperative nausea and vomiting [PONV]) were compared up to 48 h postoperatively.ResultsFifty‐five donors participated in the entire study. The mean resting pain scores at 24 h after surgery were 1.7 ± 1.6 and 1.7 ± 1.1 in the ITM 300 and ITM 400 groups, respectively (mean difference, 0 [95% CI, −.8 to .7], p = .978). The upper limit of the 95% CI was lower than the prespecified non‐inferiority margin (δ = 1), indicating that non‐inferiority had been established. The incidence of PONV was lower in the ITM 300 group than in the ITM 400 group at 18 (p = .035) and 24 h postoperatively (p = .015). There were no significant differences in the resting and coughing pain scores and cumulative opioid consumption at any time point.ConclusionFor laparoscopic donor hepatectomy, preoperative ITM 300 μg exhibited non‐inferior postoperative analgesic effects compared to ITM 400 μg, with a lower incidence of PONV.
Prevalence of different echocardiographic abnormalities in a large Turkish workers population
Authors: Baytugan Nart Zafer , Kandemir Hasan Caglayan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjective: We aimed to investigate the echocardiographic characteristics of workers with resting major electrocardiography (ECG) anomalies and risk factors of sudden cardiac death in the large Turkish workers population in different heavy industry sectors.Methods: Between April 2016 and January 2020, 8668 consecutive ECGs were obtained and interpreted during health examinations of working in İstanbul, Turkey. ECGs were classified as major, minor anomaly, and normal according to the Minnesota code criteria. The workers with major anomaly on ECGs, recurrent syncope attacks, and family history (FH) of sudden or inexplicably death under the age of 50 and with a positive FH of cardiomyopathy were also referred to further transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) examination.Results: The mean age of the workers was 30.47 ± 9.4 years, most of them were male (97.1%) and under the age of 30 (54.2%). Major ECG changes were detected in 4.6%, and minor anomalies were 28.3%. A total of 663 workers were referred to our cardiology clinic for advanced TTE examination, but only 578 (87.17% of the selected) attended the appointment. Four hundred and sixty‐seven (80.7%) echocardiography examinations were within normal limits. Echocardiographic imaging revealed abnormal findings in 98 cases (25.7%) in the ECG abnormalities group, three (4.4%) in the syncope group, and 10 (7.6%) in the positive FH group (p < .001).Conclusions: This work demonstrated the ECG findings and echocardiographic features of a large sample of Turkish workers from high‐risk employment sectors. This is the first study conducted in Turkey on this subject.
Bicuspid aortic valve caused subaortic stenosis with bulging of valve calcification through subaortic area in a young patient
Authors: Acar Burak , Cakir Ozgur , Dogan Abdullah , Omay Oguz , Sahin Tayfun , Yavuz Şadan , Türköz Rıza 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBicuspid aortic valve is the most common congenital cause for the development of aortic valve calcification and stenosis. Calcification cause valvular stenosis or valvular insufficiency due to coaptation failure. We report a unique case of calcification of bicuspid valve was extending to left ventricular outflow tract and attached to interventricular septum which caused subvalvular stenosis.
The transmission of euro area monetary policy to financially euroized countries
Authors: Moder Isabella 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the interest rate pass‐through of euro area monetary policy to retail rates outside the euro area, contributing to the literature on the consequences of unofficial financial euroization and on the transmission channels of monetary policy spillovers. The results suggest that in the long run, more than the one‐third of all euro retail rates in euroized countries of central, eastern, and south‐eastern Europe is linked to the euro area shadow rate. Compared with euro area monetary policy, the share of cointegration of the domestic monetary policy rate is on average lower, suggesting that domestic central banks in euroized countries with independent monetary policy can only partially control the “euro part” of the interest rate channel. Furthermore, euro area monetary policy shocks are fast and persistently transmitted into euro retail rates outside the euro area, which constitutes an additional channel of international shock transmission.
Rapid evolutionary trade‐offs between resistance to herbivory and tolerance to abiotic stress in an invasive plant
Authors: Yin Wandong , Zhou Lifeng , Yang Kaiwen , Fang Jinyu , Biere Arjen , Callaway Ragan M. , Wu Mingke , Yu Hongwei , Shi Yu , Ding Jianqing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRelease from enemies can lead to rapid evolution in invasive plants, including reduced metabolic investment in defence. Conversely, reassociation with enemies leads to renewed evolution of defence, but the potential costs of this evolution are poorly documented. We report increased resistance of the invader Ambrosia artemisiifolia after reassociation with a coevolved specialist herbivore, and that this increase corresponds with reduced abiotic stress tolerance. Herbivore resistance was higher, but drought tolerance was lower in plants from populations with a longer reassociation history, and this corresponded with changes in phenylpropanoids involved in insect resistance and abiotic stress tolerance. These changes were corroborated by shifts in the expression of underlying biosynthetic genes and plant anti‐oxidants. Together, our findings suggest rapid evolution of plant traits after reassociation with coevolved enemies, resulting in genetically based shifts in investment between abiotic and biotic stress responses, providing insights into co‐evolution, plant invasion and biological control.
A synopsis of wearable commercially available biometric‐monitoring devices and their potential applications during gallop racing
Authors: Kee Phoebe , Anderson Neil , Gargiulo Gaetano D. , Velie Brandon D. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryAmidst discourse surrounding the racing industry's social licence to operate, the welfare of racehorses and jockeys is often at the forefront of discussions. Specifically, catastrophic events and the sudden death of horses on race days tend to capture media attention and often place the racing industry under public scrutiny. While such occurrences are not frequent, they have negative ramifications on the welfare of both racehorses and jockeys. The development and application of advanced monitoring technology could provide greater insight into the physiological precursors that immediately precede sudden death on race days and enable retrospective analyses of catastrophic events that take place. Most importantly, the application of such technology could ultimately aid racetrack personnel in identifying and intervening with horses at increased risk of catastrophic events, right up until the start of a race. This would inevitably improve the safety and welfare of horses and jockeys. Thus, the current review details key cardiovascular, respiratory and thermometry biometrics for racehorses and examines the currently available commercial devices with potential applications during racing. This review also highlights the importance of gathering biometric data for retrospective analyses of catastrophic events and their implications on the welfare of racehorses and jockeys.
Use of the Tilburg frailty indicator in longitudinal studies with older adults: A scoping review
Authors: Lee JuHee , Kim Gwang Suk , Kim Sanghee , Park Jeongok , Lee Hyeonkyeong , Shim Mi‐So , Ryu Gi Wook , Park Jungah , Yoo Jee‐Hye 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo understand how researchers applied the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) to older adults. The use of the TFI was examined based on the Integral Conceptual Model of Frailty (ICMF).DesignA scoping review.Data SourcesA database search was conducted without a time limit in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase and the Cochrane library. A hand search was also conducted.Review MethodsResearch questions were developed based on the population‐concept‐context framework suggested by the Joanna Briggs Institute (2017). Studies were included if topics were related to the use of the TFI or ICMF and designs were longitudinal studies.ResultsA total of 37 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies were reviewed according to the tested pathways of the ICMF: determinants of frailty or adverse outcomes, adverse outcomes of frailty and comparison of predictive power between frailty measures.ConclusionThe TFI is a useful tool to screen for frailty and predict health outcomes in older adults. Among the pathways of the ICMF, relationships between social factors and frailty were reported in several studies. Despite this relationship, social factors were considered as items to assess the social domain of frailty rather than determinants of frailty. The predictive power of the TFI was not superior to other frailty measures, but it had a high sensitivity.ImpactThis study demonstrates the usability of the TFI in older adults living in various conditions. Further studies are required to identify more effective ways to screen frailty using the TFI.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public involvement in this study.
The End of an Era for Foreign Lobbying? The Emergence of Foreign Transparency Laws in Washington, Canberra and Brussels
Authors: Korkea‐aho Emilia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe lobbying of other countries' political and legal elites has emerged as a security risk globally. The securitization of foreign lobbying has prompted the adoption of specialized legal regimes, that is, foreign transparency laws, to enable the scrutiny of how foreign actors lobby. This article analyzes and compares such laws in the United States, Australia and the European Union (EU) with respect to three issues: (1) the definition of a foreign actor, (2) the definition of a type of foreign lobbying and (3) the definition of a protected normative good. While the impetus to legislative reform has often rested on a concern with authoritarian governments, the foreign transparency laws capture diverse kinds of foreign influence activities and actors. They may thus catch in their nets actors or types of influence never intended to be caught in the first place. This has particularly significant implications for the EU as a polity and foreign policy actor.
Multifunctional anatomical prototypes (MAPs): Treatment of excessive gingival display due to altered passive eruption
Authors: Pedrinaci Ignacio , Calatrava Javier , Flores Juan , Hamilton Adam , Gallucci German O. , Sanz Mariano 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a strategy using digital technologies for improving the diagnosis, treatment planning, and surgical execution of patients with excessive gingival display (EGD) due to altered passive eruption (APE).Clinical ConsiderationsAn important component for successful patient's management is to fulfill their esthetic expectations whilst delivering predictable and long‐term therapeutic outcomes. To achieve this goal in patients with excessive gingival display due to altered passive eruption, it is essential to perform an accurate diagnosis and to communicate to the patient the expected customized results using digital technologies. Computer‐aided designed and manufactured multifunctional anatomical prototypes (MAPs) may contribute to these purposes. Additionally, they can guide the surgical crown lengthening procedure or serve as a reference during the surgical guide fabrication providing information of the required anatomical landmarks.ConclusionsThis novel strategy protocol for diagnosis, communication, and treatment management of patients with excessive gingival display follows functional and biological principles within the frame of a digital workflow, which improves the diagnostic capabilities, enhances communication, and guides the surgical treatment as shown in the 12 months follow‐up of the reported case.Clinical SignificanceDeveloping a virtual patient by combining multiple digital data sets including cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT), intra‐oral scans and digital photography, supports the clinician and the patient to achieve a comprehensive diagnosis and to better communicate the expected results to the patient. Furthermore, this digital treatment exercise based on anatomical and biological principles will facilitate the surgical precision and the achievement of successful outcomes, thus fulfilling the patient needs and expectations.