bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive insights into sustainable conversion of agricultural and food waste into microbial protein for animal feed production
Authors: Rasool Kashif , Hussain Sabir , Shahzad Asif , Miran Waheed , Mahmoud Khaled A. , Ali Nisar , Almomani Fares 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe growing global population and higher living standards instantly demand the transition in the direction of a sustainable food system. A substantial section of means and agricultural lands are presently committed to protein-rich feed production to rear livestock for human consumption. Conversely, accelerated farming activities and the food industry have rendered a drastic increase in waste which impair the economic and environmental sustainability of the ecosystem. This situation emerges the need for developing an integrated technology for waste management and to improve sustainability footprints. Microbial protein (MP) production based on renewable electron and carbon sources has the potential as a substitute protein source. MP production for animal feed use is growing fast and is derived from bacteria, algae, and fungi including yeast. MP produced from all types of microbes is currently commercialized and in use. However, novel methods and processes are also under investigation to make MP production more economical and sustainable. Current research on MP has concentrated on the valorization of waste materials by using high protein content-containing microorganisms, which can then be used in animal feed. Using such kind of integrated approach, the agroindustry waste resources upcycling can contribute towards finding sustainable, cheaper, and environment-friendly protein sources. This review first describes the potential waste feedstock for MP production and summarizes the recent progress in the application of MP-producing microorganisms including fungus, yeast, bacteria, and phototrophic microbes. Bioprocesses, and production technology advances for MP production have been explored and discussed in detail. Finally, the MP application as animal feed, its challenges, and future perspectives in research have been evaluated.
Synopsis of the aurantiactinomyxon collective group (Cnidaria, Myxozoa), with a discussion on the validity of morphotype definition and demise of guyenotia
Authors: Rocha Sónia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAurantiactinomyxon is one of the most diverse myxozoan collective groups, comprising types that mostly infect freshwater and marine oligochaetes belonging to the family Naididae Ehrenberg, 1828, but also Lumbriculidae Claus, 1872. In this study, a comprehensive revision of all known aurantiactinomyxon types is performed and highlights the fallibility of using the form and length of the valvular processes as main criterion for differentiating among style-less actinospore morphotypes. The demise of the guyenotia collective group is proposed based on the ambiguous features of several types that allow conformity with both the aurantiactinomyxon and guyenotia definitions. Nonetheless, the information presently available clearly shows that a general shift is needed in our approach to actinospore grouping, which should probably be based on actinospore functionality relative to environment and host ecology, rather than on morphology. Life cycle studies based on experimental transmission and molecular inferences of the 18S rDNA have linked aurantiactinomyxon (including former guyenotia) to myxozoans belonging to a diverse array of genera, including Chloromyxum, Henneguya, Hoferellus, Myxobolus, Paramyxidium, Thelohanellus and Zschokkella. This undoubtedly shows a high capacity of the aurantiactinomyxon morphotype to promote infection in intrinsically distinct vertebrate hosts and environmental habitats, consequently increasing interest in its study for attaining a better understanding of myxozoan-host interactions. The identification of novel and known types, however, is impeded by the lack of concise information allowing a comprehensive analysis of biological, morphological, and molecular criteria. In this sense, the compilation of data presented in this study will ultimately help researchers seeking to perform reliable identifications.
Distinct metabolic signatures in blood plasma of bisphenol A–exposed women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Prabhu Navya B. , Vasishta Sampara , Bhat Shashikala K. , Joshi Manjunath B. , Kabekkodu Shama Prasada , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu , Rai Padmalatha S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complicated endocrinopathy with an unclear etiology that afflicts fertility status in women. Although the underlying causes and pathophysiology of PCOS are not completely understood, it is suspected to be driven by environmental factors as well as genetic and epigenetic factors. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a weak estrogenic endocrine disruptor known to cause adverse reproductive outcomes in women. A growing relevance supports the notion that BPA may contribute to PCOS pathogenesis. Due to the indeterminate molecular mechanisms of BPA in PCOS endocrinopathy, we sought liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), a metabolomics strategy that could generate a metabolic signature based on urinary BPA levels of PCOS and healthy individuals. Towards this, we examined urinary BPA levels in PCOS and healthy women by ELISA and performed univariate and chemometric analysis to distinguish metabolic patterns among high and low BPA in PCOS and healthy females, followed by pathway and biomarker analysis employing MetaboAnalyst 5.0. Our findings indicated aberrant levels of certain steroids, sphingolipids, and others, implying considerable disturbances in steroid hormone biosynthesis, linoleic, linolenic, sphingolipid metabolism, and various other pathways across target groups in comparison to healthy women with low BPA levels. Collectively, our findings provide insight into metabolic signatures of BPA-exposed PCOS women, which can potentially improve management strategies and precision medicine.
In vitro assessment of the genotoxicity and immunotoxicity of treated and untreated municipal effluents and receiving waters in freshwater organisms
Authors: Gilroy Ève A. M. , Kleinert Christine , Lacaze Émilie , Campbell Sheena D. , Verbaan Sara , André Chantale , Chan Kara , Gillis Patricia L. , Klinck Joel S. , Gagné François , Fournier Michel , de Solla Shane R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMunicipal wastewater effluent is one of the largest sources of pollution entering surface waters in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Exposure to wastewater effluent has been associated with impaired immune systems and induction of genotoxicity to aquatic animals. Due to habitat degradation and environmental pollution linked to industrial development and population growth, several regions of the Great Lakes have been designated Areas of Concern (AOCs). In this study, we assessed the effect of extracts of sewage influent, (treated) effluent and receiving surface waters from the Hamilton Harbour AOC and the Toronto and Region AOC (Ontario, Canada) on the phagocytic immune response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) kidney leukocytes and the genotoxicity (DNA strand breaks) of these extracts on freshwater mussel (Eurynia dilatata) hemocytes. We identified and quantified numerous chemicals present in the various samples extracted for exposure. In freshwater mussels, extracts from Hamilton Harbour AOC induced DNA damage with the most frequency (12 out of 28 samples) regardless of sample type, reflecting past and present industrial activities. In contrast, extracts from Toronto and Region AOC induced DNA damage infrequently (2 out of 32 (summer) and 5 out of 32 (fall) samples, respectively) and from different WWTPs at different times. None of the extracts induced any significant effect on phagocytosis of rainbow trout kidney leukocytes. The present study indicates that despite overall improvements to effluent quality, treatment of influent by WWTPs may not result in a corresponding improvement of the genotoxicity of effluents. In vitro bioassays are useful and cost-effective rapid-screening tools for preliminary assessments of contamination of aquatic ecosystems.
Entrepreneurial efforts and opportunity costs: evidence from twitch streamers
Authors: Wollborn Philip , Dornekott David , Holder Ulrike 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the rise of digital platforms, individuals’ possibilities to generate income have increased drastically. In this context, we present digital content creation as a form of (digital) entrepreneurship that is characterized by potentially high but also uncertain revenues. As the cost structure of content creation mostly depends on opportunity costs, it stands in contrast to other popular platform-work options. We demonstrate how a stark and unexpected reduction in opportunity costs affects the actual decision to produce digital content. Exploiting the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, we measure how individuals (streamers) who operate on a live streaming platform, respond to a sudden change in external factors while accounting for individual differences in initial conditions. We observe intensified efforts across the spectrum of streamers and find particularly strong reactions from newcomer streamers. We further show that only the most successful newcomers sustain their increased efforts even when opportunity costs start to rise again. Our results are consistent with the initial assumption that an individual’s decision on taking up or intensifying entrepreneurial efforts on digital platforms is strongly affected by their opportunity costs. The results further imply that there is a large potential in individuals who might be willing to become entrepreneurs but are restricted by external conditions. As platform-based digital entrepreneurship offers high flexibility and very low entry barriers, measures for lowering opportunity costs could therefore help to unleash this potential. To maintain a steady influx of new talents, content platforms should increase their support for smaller creators and policymakers should provide easily accessible platforms to ease the way into entrepreneurship for these individuals.
On Rule of Law, Civic Virtues, Trust, and Happiness
Authors: Graafland Johan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn literature, there is a long and ongoing dispute over whether free market institutions encourage or discourage civic virtues. On the one hand, the so-called doux commerce thesis states that free market institutions have a favorable influence on civic virtues, such as honesty, respect for private property, and fair dealings. This idea goes back to, amongst others, Adam Smith who famously argued that where commerce is introduced, people are more faithful to their word. Smith also believed that civic virtues foster human happiness. The policy implication would be that free market institutions increase happiness by stimulating civic virtues. On the other hand, the so-called self-destruction thesis states that free market institutions are inimical to the civic virtues, which would mean that free markets decrease human happiness by crowding out civic virtues. Although the debate on free market institutions and civic virtues is very relevant to policy makers, empirical evidence on these opposing propositions is still scarce. In this paper we test both relationships on a sample of 212,431 individuals from 80 countries by using data from the World Values Survey and the European Values Survey over the 1990–2020 period. We focus on one important dimension of free market institutions: rule of law. We find that civic virtues are positively related to rule of law and that happiness increases with civic virtues. In addition, civic virtues indirectly increase happiness by stimulating trust. In addition, trust is directly positively related to rule of law, indicating that both formal institutions (rule of law) and informal institutions (civic virtues) affect trust. An analysis of all the effects of rule of law on happiness shows, however, that the indirect effects through civic virtues and trust are of relatively minor importance in comparison to its total effect.
Female Sufi guides and the Murshida fatwa in Indonesian Sufism: Murshidas in a Sufi order in Lombok
Authors: Smith Bianca J. , Hamdi Saipul , Muzayyin Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract This article contributes to the wider historicity of female Sufi spiritual guides by engaging Indonesian examples about which very little have been written. While women can and do hold different levels of rank and leadership in Indonesian Sufi orders (tariqah), usually among all-female congregations, this article examines a very rare example of a woman in a public leadership position overseeing an entire tariqah network inclusive of male and female disciples. Across the Sufi world, it is not common publicly to find women in official positions of leadership as spiritual guides based on a predominant and normative, but fractious, understanding that males are authentic guides with authority to initiate disciples. Keeping with this understanding, the Indonesian national body that governs the correctness of Sufi orders has since 1959 maintained a fatwa that bans women from holding head leadership positions as spiritual guides of the highest rank known by the title Murshida, which is the female counterpart to the male Murshid. We explore the conflation of Murshid with leader and subsequently problematize it in terms of gender when the Murshida rank is not separated analytically from the male Murshid. Arguments suggest that in practice the rank and roles of a Murshida in Indonesia are diverse and culturally situated and thus take on different understandings across socio-political contexts. Further to this, the article has two major aims: one is to historicize the place of the Murshida in the broader Indonesian context through an anthropological examination of contextual meanings this rank and title carries in practice as opposed to the strict fiqh understanding (which is masculinized in the male Murshid as a Sufi order’s legitimate guide); and the other aim is to document ethnographically the contestation within a Sufi order, Hizib Nahdlatul Wathan, on the island of Lombok in eastern Indonesia which had a Murshida as its formal leader and spiritual guide from 2005 to 2019 and who continues to hold the Murshida rank together with claims to inherited sainthood.
Structural brain network connectivity in trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder)
Authors: Roos Annerine , Fouche Jean-Paul , Stein Dan J , Lochner Christine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNeuroimaging studies suggest involvement of frontal, striatal, limbic and cerebellar regions in trichotillomania, an obsessive-compulsive related disorder. However, findings regarding the underlying neural circuitry remains limited and inconsistent. Graph theoretical analysis offers a way to identify structural brain networks in trichotillomania. T1-weighted MRI scans were acquired in adult females with trichotillomania (n = 23) and healthy controls (n = 16). Graph theoretical analysis was used to investigate structural networks as derived from cortical thickness and volumetric FreeSurfer output. Hubs, brain regions with highest connectivity in the global network, were identified, and group differences were determined. Regions with highest connectivity on a regional level were also determined. There were no differences in small-worldness or other network measures between groups. Hubs in the global network of trichotillomania patients included temporal, parietal, and occipital regions (at 2SD above mean network connectivity), as well as frontal and striatal regions (at 1SD above mean network connectivity). In contrast, in healthy controls hubs at 2SD represented different frontal, parietal and temporal regions, while at 1SD hubs were widespread. The inferior temporal gyrus, involved in object recognition as part of the ventral visual pathway, had significantly higher connectivity on a global and regional level in trichotillomania. The study included women only and sample size was limited. This study adds to the trichotillomania literature on structural brain network connectivity. Our study findings are consistent with previous studies that have implicated somatosensory, sensorimotor and frontal-striatal circuitry in trichotillomania, and partially overlap with structural connectivity findings in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Automation architecture for harnessing the demand response potential of aqueous parts cleaning machines
Authors: Fuhrländer-Völker Daniel , Magin Jonathan , Weigold Matthias 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo reduce global greenhouse gas emissions, numerous new renewable power plants are installed and integrated in the power grid. Due to the volatile generation of renewable power plants large storage capacity has to be installed and electrical consumer must adapt to periods with more or less electrical generation. Industry, as one of the largest global consumers of electrical energy, can help by adjusting its electricity consumption to renewable production (demand response). Industrial aqueous parts cleaning machines offer a great potential for demand response as they often have inherent energy storage potential and their process can be adapted for energy-flexible operation. Therefore, this paper presents a method for implementing demand response measures to aqueous parts cleaning machines. We first determine the potential for shifting electrical consumption. Then, we adapt the automation program of the machine so that submodules and process steps with high potential can be energy-flexibly controlled. We apply the method to an aqueous parts cleaning machine in batch process at the ETA Research Factory.
Green-Naghdi Theory, Part B: Green-Naghdi Equations for Deep Water Waves
Authors: Duan Shiliang , Zhao Binbin , Webster W. C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract“Green — Naghdi Theory, Part A: Green — Naghdi (GN) Equations for Shallow Water Waves” have investigated the linear dispersion relations of high-level GN equations in shallow water. In this study, the GN equations for deep water waves are investigated. In the traditional GN equations for deep water waves, the velocity distribution assumption involves only one representative wave number. Herein, a new velocity distribution shape function with multiple representative wave numbers is employed. Further, we have derived the three-dimensional GN equations and analyzed the linear dispersion relations of the GN-3 and GN-5 equations. In this study, the finite difference method is used to simulate focus waves in the time domain. Additionally, the GN-5 equations are used to validate the wave profile and horizontal velocity distribution along water depth for different focused waves.
Experimental Study on the Effect of Extreme Waves on a LNG Carrier
Authors: Klein Marco , Wang Shan , Clauss Günther , Guedes Soares C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive experimental study on the effect of extreme waves on a LNG carrier. The LNG carrier model was equipped with a variety of sensors to measure motions, green water height on deck as well as local and global loads. Experiments in transient wave packets provided the general performance in waves in terms of response amplitude operators and were accompanied by tests in regular waves with two different wave steepness. These tests allowed detailed insights into the nonlinear behavior of the vertical wave bending moment in steep waves showing that green water on deck can contribute to a decrease of vertical wave bending moment. Afterwards, systematic model tests in irregular waves were performed to provide the basis for statistical analysis. It is shown that the generalized extreme value distribution model is suitable for the estimation of the extreme peak values of motions and loads. Finally, model tests in tailored extreme wave sequences were conducted comparing the results with the statistical analysis. For this purpose, analytical breather solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation were applied to generate tailored extreme waves of certain critical wave lengths in terms of ship response. Besides these design extreme waves, the LGN carrier was also investigated in the model scale reproduction of the real-world Draupner wave. By comparing the motions, vertical wave bending moment, green water column and slamming pressures it is concluded that the breather solutions are a powerful and efficient tool for the generation of design extreme waves of certain critical wave lengths for wave/structure investigations on different subjects.
Therapies for IDH-Mutant Gliomas
Authors: Alshiekh Nasany Ruham , de la Fuente Macarena Ines 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas are a distinct type of primary brain tumors with unique characteristics, behavior, and disease outcomes. This article provides a review of standard of care treatment options and innovative, therapeutic approaches that are currently under investigation for these tumors.

Recent Findings
Extensive pre-clinical data and a variety of clinical studies support targeting IDH mutations in glioma using different mechanisms, which include direct inhibition and immunotherapies that target metabolic and epigenomic vulnerabilities caused by these mutations.

Summary
IDH mutations have been recognized as an oncogenic driver in gliomas for more than a decade and as a positive prognostic factor influencing the research for new therapeutic methods including IDH inhibitors, DNA repair inhibitors, and immunotherapy.
CtBP Neuroprotective Role in Toxin-Based Parkinson’s Disease Models: From Expression Pattern to Dopaminergic Survival
Authors: Saraiva Cláudia , Lopes-Nunes Jéssica , Esteves Marta , Santos Tiago , Vale Ana , Cristóvão Ana Clara , Ferreira Raquel , Bernardino Liliana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractC-terminal binding proteins (CtBP) are transcriptional co-repressors regulating gene expression. CtBP promote neuronal survival through repression of pro-apoptotic genes, and may represent relevant targets for neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Nevertheless, evidence of the role of CtBP1 and CtBP2 in neurodegeneration are scarce. Herein, we showed that CtBP1 and CtBP2 are expressed in neurons, dopaminergic neurons, astrocytes, and microglia in the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum of adult mice. Old mice showed a lower expression of CtBP1 in the SN and higher expression of CtPB2 in the SN and striatum compared with adult mice. In vivo models for PD (paraquat, MPTP, 6-OHDA) showed increased expression of CtBP1 in the SN and striatum while CtBP2 expression was increased in the striatum of paraquat-treated rats only. Moreover, an increased expression of both CtBP was found in a dopaminergic cell line (N27) exposed to 6-OHDA. In the 6-OHDA PD model, we found a dual effect using an unspecific ligand of CtBP, the 4-methylthio 2-oxobutyric acid (MTOB): higher concentrations (e.g. 2500 µM, 1000 µM) inhibited dopaminergic survival, while at 250 μM it counteracted cell death. In vitro, this latter protective role was absent after the siRNA silencing of CtBP1 or CtBP2. Altogether, this is the first report exploring the cellular and regional expression pattern of CtBP in the nigrostriatal pathway and the neuroprotective role in PD toxin-based models. CtBP could counteract dopaminergic cell death in the 6-OHDA PD model and, therefore, CtBP function and therapeutic potential in PD should be further explored.