bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a multilevel model of major depression: genes, immuno-metabolic function, and cortico-striatal signaling
Authors: Paul Elisabeth R. , Östman Lars , Heilig Markus , Mayberg Helen S. , Hamilton J. Paul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiological assay and imaging techniques have made visible a great deal of the machinery of mental illness. Over fifty years of investigation of mood disorders using these technologies has identified several biological regularities in these disorders. Here we present a narrative connecting genetic, cytokine, neurotransmitter, and neural-systems-level findings in major depressive disorder (MDD). Specifically, we connect recent genome-wide findings in MDD to metabolic and immunological disturbance in this disorder and then detail links between immunological abnormalities and dopaminergic signaling within cortico-striatal circuitry. Following this, we discuss implications of reduced dopaminergic tone for cortico-striatal signal conduction in MDD. Finally, we specify some of the flaws in the current model and propose ways forward for advancing multilevel formulations of MDD most efficiently.
The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Yoshimura Teizo , Li Chunning , Wang Yuze , Matsukawa Akihiro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is the most prevalent cancer worldwide, and metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients. Human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) was isolated from the culture supernatants of not only mitogen-activated peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes but also malignant glioma cells based on its in vitro chemotactic activity toward human monocytes. MCP-1 was subsequently found to be identical to a previously described tumor cell-derived chemotactic factor thought to be responsible for the accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and it became a candidate target of clinical intervention; however, the role of TAMs in cancer development was still controversial at the time of the discovery of MCP-1. The in vivo role of MCP-1 in cancer progression was first evaluated by examining human cancer tissues, including breast cancers. Positive correlations between the level of MCP-1 production in tumors and the degree of TAM infiltration and cancer progression were established. The contribution of MCP-1 to the growth of primary tumors and metastasis to the lung, bone, and brain was examined in mouse breast cancer models. The results of these studies strongly suggested that MCP-1 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis to the lung and brain but not bone. Potential mechanisms of MCP-1 production in the breast cancer microenvironment have also been reported. In the present manuscript, we review studies in which the role of MCP-1 in breast cancer development and progression and the mechanisms of its production were examined and attempt to draw a consensus and discuss the potential use of MCP-1 as a biomarker for diagnosis.
Anomalous anisotropic magnetoresistance in the topological semimetal HoPtBi
Authors: Chen Jie , Li Hang , Guo Tengyu , Chen Peng , Zheng Dongfeng , Yu Guoqiang , Lau Yong-Chang , Xi Xuekui , Wang Wenhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDiscovering and understanding anomalous anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effects are important aspects of studying the nature of modulated transport. The anisotropic transport coefficients of topological systems are often useful for mapping hidden phases and characterizing topological phase transitions and the evolution of topological electrons. Here, we report an unusual change in the AMR effect in HoPtBi. Remarkably, the AMR exhibits transitions from a quasi-twofold to fourfold symmetry and finally forms a stable rotated fourfold symmetry with increasing magnetic fields. The evolution analysis from the three-dimensional (3D) mapping experiments confirms that it is an intrinsic 3D effect. Fourier transformation analysis indicates that the superposition of C2, C4, and C6 signals with phase angle transitions leads to the novel AMR. All transitions are summarized as symmetry rotation or the inversion of peaks and valleys. By combining the features of band structures and AMR, we evaluate the possible origin of this symmetry rotation and attribute it to the topological band change. This work provides insight into the anomalous AMR effect of topological materials and is useful for understanding the evolution of topological bands in a magnetic field. We propose that other rare-earth half-Heusler alloys can potentially exhibit similar phenomena.
Observation of directional leaky polaritons at anisotropic crystal interfaces
Authors: Ni Xiang , Carini Giulia , Ma Weiliang , Renzi Enrico Maria , Galiffi Emanuele , Wasserroth Sören , Wolf Martin , Li Peining , Paarmann Alexander , Alù Andrea 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExtreme anisotropy in some polaritonic materials enables light propagation with a hyperbolic dispersion, leading to enhanced light-matter interactions and directional transport. However, these features are typically associated with large momenta that make them sensitive to loss and poorly accessible from far-field, being bound to the material interface or volume-confined in thin films. Here, we demonstrate a new form of directional polaritons, leaky in nature and featuring lenticular dispersion contours that are neither elliptical nor hyperbolic. We show that these interface modes are strongly hybridized with propagating bulk states, sustaining directional, long-range, sub-diffractive propagation at the interface. We observe these features using polariton spectroscopy, far-field probing and near-field imaging, revealing their peculiar dispersion, and – despite their leaky nature – long modal lifetime. Our leaky polaritons (LPs) nontrivially merge sub-diffractive polaritonics with diffractive photonics onto a unified platform, unveiling opportunities that stem from the interplay of extreme anisotropic responses and radiation leakage.
Using mass spectrometry imaging to map fluxes quantitatively in the tumor ecosystem
Authors: Schwaiger-Haber Michaela , Stancliffe Ethan , Anbukumar Dhanalakshmi S. , Sells Blake , Yi Jia , Cho Kevin , Adkins-Travis Kayla , Chheda Milan G. , Shriver Leah P. , Patti Gary J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTumors are comprised of a multitude of cell types spanning different microenvironments. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has the potential to identify metabolic patterns within the tumor ecosystem and surrounding tissues, but conventional workflows have not yet fully integrated the breadth of experimental techniques in metabolomics. Here, we combine MSI, stable isotope labeling, and a spatial variant of Isotopologue Spectral Analysis to map distributions of metabolite abundances, nutrient contributions, and metabolic turnover fluxes across the brains of mice harboring GL261 glioma, a widely used model for glioblastoma. When integrated with MSI, the combination of ion mobility, desorption electrospray ionization, and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization reveals alterations in multiple anabolic pathways. De novo fatty acid synthesis flux is increased by approximately 3-fold in glioma relative to surrounding healthy tissue. Fatty acid elongation flux is elevated even higher at 8-fold relative to surrounding healthy tissue and highlights the importance of elongase activity in glioma.
Insulator-to-metal-like transition in thin films of a biological metal-organic framework
Authors: Sindhu Pooja , Ananthram K. S. , Jain Anil , Tarafder Kartick , Ballav Nirmalya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTemperature-induced insulator-to-metal transitions (IMTs) where the electrical resistivity can be altered by over tens of orders of magnitude are most often accompanied by structural phase transition in the system. Here, we demonstrate an insulator-to-metal-like transition (IMLT) at 333 K in thin films of a biological metal-organic framework (bio-MOF) which was generated upon an extended coordination of the cystine (dimer of amino acid cysteine) ligand with cupric ion (spin-1/2 system) – without appreciable change in the structure. Bio-MOFs are crystalline porous solids and a subclass of conventional MOFs where physiological functionalities of bio-molecular ligands along with the structural diversity can primarily be utilized for various biomedical applications. MOFs are usually electrical insulators (so as our expectation with bio-MOFs) and can be bestowed with reasonable electrical conductivity by the design. This discovery of electronically driven IMLT opens new opportunities for bio-MOFs, to emerge as strongly correlated reticular materials with thin film device functionalities.
saRNA vaccine expressing membrane-anchored RBD elicits broad and durable immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
Authors: Komori Mai , Nogimori Takuto , Morey Amber L. , Sekida Takashi , Ishimoto Keiko , Hassett Matthew R. , Masuta Yuji , Ode Hirotaka , Tamura Tomokazu , Suzuki Rigel , Alexander Jeff , Kido Yasutoshi , Matsuda Kenta , Fukuhara Takasuke , Iwatani Yasumasa , Yamamoto Takuya , Smith Jonathan F. , Akahata Wataru 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSeveral vaccines have been widely used to counteract the global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. However, due to the rapid emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs), further development of vaccines that confer broad and longer-lasting protection against emerging VOCs are needed. Here, we report the immunological characteristics of a self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) vaccine expressing the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) receptor binding domain (RBD), which is membrane-anchored by fusing with an N-terminal signal sequence and a C-terminal transmembrane domain (RBD-TM). Immunization with saRNA RBD-TM delivered in lipid nanoparticles (LNP) efficiently induces T-cell and B-cell responses in non-human primates (NHPs). In addition, immunized hamsters and NHPs are protected against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Importantly, RBD-specific antibodies against VOCs are maintained for at least 12 months in NHPs. These findings suggest that this saRNA platform expressing RBD-TM will be a useful vaccine candidate inducing durable immunity against emerging SARS-CoV-2 strains.
Computational design of dynamic receptor—peptide signaling complexes applied to chemotaxis
Authors: Jefferson Robert E. , Oggier Aurélien , Füglistaler Andreas , Camviel Nicolas , Hijazi Mahdi , Villarreal Ana Rico , Arber Caroline , Barth Patrick 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEngineering protein biosensors that sensitively respond to specific biomolecules by triggering precise cellular responses is a major goal of diagnostics and synthetic cell biology. Previous biosensor designs have largely relied on binding structurally well-defined molecules. In contrast, approaches that couple the sensing of flexible compounds to intended cellular responses would greatly expand potential biosensor applications. Here, to address these challenges, we develop a computational strategy for designing signaling complexes between conformationally dynamic proteins and peptides. To demonstrate the power of the approach, we create ultrasensitive chemotactic receptor—peptide pairs capable of eliciting potent signaling responses and strong chemotaxis in primary human T cells. Unlike traditional approaches that engineer static binding complexes, our dynamic structure design strategy optimizes contacts with multiple binding and allosteric sites accessible through dynamic conformational ensembles to achieve strongly enhanced signaling efficacy and potency. Our study suggests that a conformationally adaptable binding interface coupled to a robust allosteric transmission region is a key evolutionary determinant of peptidergic GPCR signaling systems. The approach lays a foundation for designing peptide-sensing receptors and signaling peptide ligands for basic and therapeutic applications.
EB1 decoration of microtubule lattice facilitates spindle-kinetochore lateral attachment in Plasmodium male gametogenesis
Authors: Yang Shuzhen , Cai Mengya , Huang Junjie , Zhang Shengnan , Mo Xiaoli , Jiang Kai , Cui Huiting , Yuan Jing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFaithful chromosome segregation of 8 duplicated haploid genomes into 8 daughter gametes is essential for male gametogenesis and mosquito transmission of Plasmodium. Plasmodium undergoes endomitosis in this multinucleated cell division, which is highly reliant on proper spindle-kinetochore attachment. However, the mechanisms underlying the spindle-kinetochore attachment remain elusive. End-binding proteins (EBs) are conserved microtubule (MT) plus-end binding proteins and play an important role in regulating MT plus-end dynamics. Here, we report that the Plasmodium EB1 is an orthologue distinct from the canonical eukaryotic EB1. Both in vitro and in vivo assays reveal that the Plasmodium EB1 losses MT plus-end tracking but possesses MT-lattice affinity. This MT-binding feature of Plasmodium EB1 is contributed by both CH domain and linker region. EB1-deficient parasites produce male gametocytes that develop to the anucleated male gametes, leading to defective mosquito transmission. EB1 is localized at the nucleoplasm of male gametocytes. During the gametogenesis, EB1 decorates the full-length of spindle MTs and regulates spindle structure. The kinetochores attach to spindle MTs laterally throughout endomitosis and this attachment is EB1-dependent. Consequently, impaired spindle-kinetochore attachment is observed in EB1-deficient parasites. These results indicate that a parasite-specific EB1 with MT-lattice binding affinity fulfills the spindle-kinetochore lateral attachment in male gametogenesis.
Ultrabroadband sound control with deep-subwavelength plasmacoustic metalayers
Authors: Sergeev Stanislav , Fleury Romain , Lissek Hervé 
Published: May 2023

AbstractControlling audible sound requires inherently broadband and subwavelength acoustic solutions, which are to date, crucially missing. This includes current noise absorption methods, such as porous materials or acoustic resonators, which are typically inefficient below 1 kHz, or fundamentally narrowband. Here, we solve this vexing issue by introducing the concept of plasmacoustic metalayers. We demonstrate that the dynamics of small layers of air plasma can be controlled to interact with sound in an ultrabroadband way and over deep-subwavelength distances. Exploiting the unique physics of plasmacoustic metalayers, we experimentally demonstrate perfect sound absorption and tunable acoustic reflection over two frequency decades, from several Hz to the kHz range, with transparent plasma layers of thicknesses down to λ/1000. Such bandwidth and compactness are required in a variety of applications, including noise control, audio-engineering, room acoustics, imaging and metamaterial design.
Joule spectroscopy of hybrid superconductor–semiconductor nanodevices
Authors: Ibabe A. , Gómez M. , Steffensen G. O. , Kanne T. , Nygård J. , Yeyati A. Levy , Lee E. J. H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHybrid superconductor-semiconductor devices offer highly tunable platforms, potentially suitable for quantum technology applications, that have been intensively studied in the past decade. Here we establish that measurements of the superconductor-to-normal transition originating from Joule heating provide a powerful spectroscopical tool to characterize such hybrid devices. Concretely, we apply this technique to junctions in full-shell Al-InAs nanowires in the Little-Parks regime and obtain detailed information of each lead independently and in a single measurement, including differences in the superconducting coherence lengths of the leads, inhomogeneous covering of the epitaxial shell, and the inverse superconducting proximity effect; all-in-all constituting a unique fingerprint of each device with applications in the interpretation of low-bias data, the optimization of device geometries, and the uncovering of disorder in these systems. Besides the practical uses, our work also underscores the importance of heating in hybrid devices, an effect that is often overlooked.
Characterisation of IL-23 receptor antagonists and disease relevant mutants using fluorescent probes
Authors: Lay Charles S. , Isidro-Llobet Albert , Kilpatrick Laura E. , Craggs Peter D. , Hill Stephen J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAssociation of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the IL-23 receptor with several auto-inflammatory diseases, led to the heterodimeric receptor and its cytokine-ligand IL-23, becoming important drug targets. Successful antibody-based therapies directed against the cytokine have been licenced and a class of small peptide antagonists of the receptor have entered clinical trials. These peptide antagonists may offer therapeutic advantages over existing anti-IL-23 therapies, but little is known about their molecular pharmacology. In this study, we use a fluorescent version of IL-23 to characterise antagonists of the full-length receptor expressed by living cells using a NanoBRET competition assay. We then develop a cyclic peptide fluorescent probe, specific to the IL23p19:IL23R interface and use this molecule to characterise further receptor antagonists. Finally, we use the assays to study the immunocompromising C115Y IL23R mutation, demonstrating that the mechanism of action is a disruption of the binding epitope for IL23p19.
The NuRD complex cooperates with SALL4 to orchestrate reprogramming
Authors: Wang Bo , Li Chen , Ming Jin , Wu Linlin , Fang Shicai , Huang Yi , Lin Lihui , Liu He , Kuang Junqi , Zhao Chengchen , Huang Xingnan , Feng Huijian , Guo Jing , Yang Xuejie , Guo Liman , Zhang Xiaofei , Chen Jiekai , Liu Jing , Zhu Ping , Pei Duanqing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCell fate decision involves rewiring of the genome, but remains poorly understood at the chromatin level. Here, we report that chromatin remodeling complex NuRD participates in closing open chromatin in the early phase of somatic reprogramming. Sall4, Jdp2, Glis1 and Esrrb can reprogram MEFs to iPSCs efficiently, but only Sall4 is indispensable capable of recruiting endogenous components of NuRD. Yet knocking down NuRD components only reduces reprogramming modestly, in contrast to disrupting the known Sall4-NuRD interaction by mutating or deleting the NuRD interacting motif at its N-terminus that renders Sall4 inept to reprogram. Remarkably, these defects can be partially rescured by grafting NuRD interacting motif onto Jdp2. Further analysis of chromatin accessibility dynamics demonstrates that the Sall4-NuRD axis plays a critical role in closing the open chromatin in the early phase of reprogramming. Among the chromatin loci closed by Sall4-NuRD encode genes resistant to reprogramming. These results identify a previously unrecognized role of NuRD in reprogramming, and may further illuminate chromatin closing as a critical step in cell fate control.
Approaching enzymatic catalysis with zeolites or how to select one reaction mechanism competing with others
Authors: Ferri Pau , Li Chengeng , Schwalbe-Koda Daniel , Xie Mingrou , Moliner Manuel , Gómez-Bombarelli Rafael , Boronat Mercedes , Corma Avelino 
Published: May 2023

AbstractApproaching the level of molecular recognition of enzymes with solid catalysts is a challenging goal, achieved in this work for the competing transalkylation and disproportionation of diethylbenzene catalyzed by acid zeolites. The key diaryl intermediates for the two competing reactions only differ in the number of ethyl substituents in the aromatic rings, and therefore finding a selective zeolite able to recognize this subtle difference requires an accurate balance of the stabilization of reaction intermediates and transition states inside the zeolite microporous voids. In this work we present a computational methodology that, by combining a fast high-throughput screeening of all zeolite structures able to stabilize the key intermediates with a more computationally demanding mechanistic study only on the most promising candidates, guides the selection of the zeolite structures to be synthesized. The methodology presented is validated experimentally and allows to go beyond the conventional criteria of zeolite shape-selectivity.
ADAR1-mediated RNA editing of SCD1 drives drug resistance and self-renewal in gastric cancer
Authors: Wong Tin-Lok , Loh Jia-Jian , Lu Shixun , Yan Helen H. N. , Siu Hoi Cheong , Xi Ren , Chan Dessy , Kam Max J. F. , Zhou Lei , Tong Man , Copland John A. , Chen Leilei , Yun Jing-Ping , Leung Suet Yi , Ma Stephanie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTargetable drivers governing 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin (5FU + CDDP) resistance remain elusive due to the paucity of physiologically and therapeutically relevant models. Here, we establish 5FU + CDDP resistant intestinal subtype GC patient-derived organoid lines. JAK/STAT signaling and its downstream, adenosine deaminases acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1), are shown to be concomitantly upregulated in the resistant lines. ADAR1 confers chemoresistance and self-renewal in an RNA editing-dependent manner. WES coupled with RNA-seq identify enrichment of hyper-edited lipid metabolism genes in the resistant lines. Mechanistically, ADAR1-mediated A-to-I editing on 3’UTR of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) increases binding of KH domain-containing, RNA-binding, signal transduction-associated 1 (KHDRBS1), thereby augmenting SCD1 mRNA stability. Consequently, SCD1 facilitates lipid droplet formation to alleviate chemotherapy-induced ER stress and enhances self-renewal through increasing β-catenin expression. Pharmacological inhibition of SCD1 abrogates chemoresistance and tumor-initiating cell frequency. Clinically, high proteomic level of ADAR1 and SCD1, or high SCD1 editing/ADAR1 mRNA signature score predicts a worse prognosis. Together, we unveil a potential target to circumvent chemoresistance.
Efficient electrosynthesis of formamide from carbon monoxide and nitrite on a Ru-dispersed Cu nanocluster catalyst
Authors: Lan Jiao , Wei Zengxi , Lu Ying-Rui , Chen DeChao , Zhao Shuangliang , Chan Ting-Shan , Tan Yongwen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConversion into high-value-added organic nitrogen compounds through electrochemical C-N coupling reactions under ambient conditions is regarded as a sustainable development strategy to achieve carbon neutrality and high-value utilization of harmful substances. Herein, we report an electrochemical process for selective synthesis of high-valued formamide from carbon monoxide and nitrite with a Ru1Cu single-atom alloy under ambient conditions, which achieves a high formamide selectivity with Faradaic efficiency of 45.65 ± 0.76% at −0.5 V vs. RHE. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, coupled with in situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations results reveal that the adjacent Ru-Cu dual active sites can spontaneously couple *CO and *NH2 intermediates to realize a critical C-N coupling reaction, enabling high-performance electrosynthesis of formamide. This work offers insight into the high-value formamide electrocatalysis through coupling CO and NO2− under ambient conditions, paving the way for the synthesis of more-sustainable and high-value chemical products.