bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อการมีส่วนร่วมกิจกรรมของนิสิตระดับปริญญาตรีคณะรัฐศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Authors:   , ทองจีน กิตติธัช 
Published: June 2023

การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ มุ่งศึกษาปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อการมีส่วนร่วมตามประเภทกิจกรรมนิสิตระดับปริญญาตรีคณะรัฐศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย เพื่อเป็นข้อมูลพื้นฐานที่สามารถนำไปเป็นแนวทางในการพัฒนา ส่งเสริม ปรับปรุงการจัดกิจกรรมนิสิตให้เกิดประโยชน์สูงสุดแก่มวลนิสิตคณะรัฐศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัยอย่างแท้จริง จากการวิจัยพบว่า กลุ่มตัวอย่างที่ศึกษาส่วนใหญ่เป็นเพศหญิง ศึกษาอยู่ชั้นปี 3 ภาควิชาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างประเทศ มีการเข้าร่วมกิจกรรมระหว่าง 1-3 ครั้งต่อภาคการศึกษา มีเกรดเฉลี่ยระหว่าง 3.01-3.50 และเป็นผู้มีรายได้เพียงพอต่อสิ่งที่มีราคาแพงบางครั้ง ปัจจัยด้านแรงจูงใจที่ส่งผลต่อการมีส่วนร่วมกิจกรรมนิสิต ด้านการมีส่วนร่วมในสังคม ด้านการยอมรับจากสังคม ด้านความรับผิดชอบ และด้านมิตรภาพจากเพื่อนนิสิต พบว่า อยู่ในระดับปานกลาง ส่วนปัจจัยด้านสื่อประชาสัมพันธ์ที่ส่งผลต่อการมีส่วนร่วมกิจกรรมนิสิต พบว่า สื่อประเภทสื่อบุคคลอยู่ในระดับปานกลาง และสื่อที่ไม่ใช่บุคคล อยู่ในระดับปานกลางเช่นกัน
Tracking of Formed Crystalline Phases in the Binary Silver Tellurite Glass-ceramics
Authors: El Zaibani M. El Zaibani , Altawaf A. Altawaf , El Agammyc E. F. 
Published: June 2023

Glasses and glass-ceramics based on silver tellurite system xAg2O·(100-x)TeO2 (0 £ x £ 60 mol%) were prepared by melt-quenching method. The structure of the studied glasses and glass-ceramics was investigated by several techniques. XRD patterns reveal the existence of only one glassy region at 20 < x ≤ 30 mol% with two crystalline a-TeO2 and Ag2TeO3 phases that formed separately in the prepared samples below 20 and beyond 30 mol% Ag2O, respectively. The peaks intensity corresponding to the crystalline a-TeO2 and Ag2TeO3 phases was found to decrease and increase with Ag2O content, respectively. This may be correlated with changes in the concentration of and units that, respectively, build up the crystalline a-TeO2 and Ag2TeO3 phases. In the glassy region, there is no crystalline phase, which may be attributed to the abundance of the deformed units that build up the glassy phase, and the concentrations of and units are neglected in this region. SEM and TEM micrographs and the related electron diffraction patterns (EDP) confirmed the formation of crystallized clusters in Ag2O-rich glasses.
LO ÂU VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở 281 BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TÍP 2 ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TIM HÀ NỘI, NĂM 2022
Authors: Lê Thị Thanh Bình  
Published: June 2023

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỉ lệ lo âu và một số yếu tố liên quan trên bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2.
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 281 bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2, điều trị nội trú tại Bệnh viện Tim Hà Nội, năm 2022. Sàng lọc lo âu bằng thang đánh giá lo âu HADS (Hospital anxiety and depression scale).
Kết quả: Trạng thái lo âu xuất hiện trên 51,2% bệnh nhân nghiên cứu. Một số yếu tố liên quan đến lo âu trên các đối tượng nghiên cứu gồm: trình độ học vấn (OR = 3,58; 95%CI: 1,57-8,17); vai trò của đối tượng nghiên cứu trong gia đình (OR = 2,53; 95%CI: 1,33-4,84); điều trị đái tháo đường nội trú (OR = 3,03; 95%CI: 1,60-5,76); nhu cầu hỗ trợ (OR = 5,01; 95%CI: 2,01-12,53).
Kết luận: Bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2 có khả năng mắc lo âu khá cao. Cần có biện pháp sàng lọc để phát hiện và điều trị kịp thời.
Hubungan Perilaku Kepatuhan Perawat dengan Penerapan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) Kejadian Risiko Jatuh pada Pasien Anak
Authors: Muh. Jumaidi Sapwal  , Wahyuni Puri , Fahrozi Lalu Aries 
Published: June 2023

One thing that often happens to pediatric patient is falling. In Indonesia, it is reported that the incidence of falling patients is recorded at 14%, whereas to achieve patient safety is supposed to be 0% of falling patient’s accidence. Children patient who are in health care facilities have a 100% potential risk of falling. To get safety and comfort during the nursing care process, nurses must adhere on fall risk Standard Operating Procedure. This research is a quantitative study by using descriptive correlative with cross sectional design. The samples are 18 respondents for nurses and 18 children patients who are treated in the pediatric room. The Data were collected by using an observation sheet that was carried out on October 2020. Spearman rank statistical analysis was used to see the relationship between the compliance behaviour of nurses in implementing standard operating procedures (SOP) on the incidence of falling risk on children patient. The results of the study showed that there is no relationship between the compliance behaviour of nurses in implementing standard operating procedures (SOP) on the risk of falling patients in the pediatric room at Dr. R. Soedjono Selong hospital with a value of p is 0.608. In conclusion, that there is no relationship between the compliance behaviour of nurses in implementing standard operating procedures (SOP) on the risk of falling patients in the pediatric room. Whereas it was found that nurses' compliance with the standard operational procedure for the incidence of fall risk was 17 people in the moderate category.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Kelurahan Tegal Ratu Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ciwandan
Authors: Irianti Susi , Lusiana Norma , Hidayat Annisa Nurhayati 
Published: June 2023

Air Susu Ibu (ASI) diberikan 1 jam pertama setelah lahir tanpa makanan dan minuman tambahan selama 6 bulan pertama yang terbukti meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan dan keberlangsungan hidup anak. Pemberian ASI Eksklusif masih menjadi permasalahan untuk Puskesmas Ciwandan berdasarkan data cakupan pencapaian ASI eksklusif tahun 2021 belum mencapai target yang sesuai yaitu sebesar 43,2% dari target 60%. Cakupan pencapaian ASI eksklusif di Kelurahan Tegal Ratu tahun 2021 paling rendah se-Kecamatan Ciwandan sebesar 30,7%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif di Kelurahan Tegal Ratu wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ciwandan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan disain potong lintang dengan mengambil data dari ibu yang mempunyai bayi usia 6 bulan sampai dengan usia 1 tahun di Kelurahan Tegal Ratu (n=72). Analisa dilakukan menggunakan chi-square dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif sebagai variabel dependen dan sebagai variabel independen adalah karakteristik responden (pendidikan, pekerjaan), pengetahuan dan peran petugas. Hasil penelitian univariat menunjukkan pemberian ASI eksklusif sebagian besar tidak ASI eksklusif (63,9%), tingkat pendidikan rendah (87,5%), tidak bekerja (70,8), pengetahuan baik (68,1) dan peran petugas baik (55,6%). Analisa uji chi square menunjukan ada hubungan yang signifikan p value (<0,05) antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan Pendidikan p=0,002, pekerjaan p=0,004, pengetahuan p=0,007 dan peran petugas kesehatan p=0,000. Hasil ini mengindikasikan perlunya optimalisasi peran petugas dalam memberikan KIE (Komunikasi, Informasi dan Edukasi) tentang ASI eksklusif.
Pengaruh Konsumsi Pisang Ambon terhadap Tekanan Darah Lansia Penderita Hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Wanasaba
Authors: Khairari Nandang DD , Nurlaili Baiq Subli , Aupia Anatun 
Published: June 2023

Latar Belakang : Hipertensi merupakan penyakit multifaktorial yang muncul oleh karena interaksi berbagai faktor. Peningkatan umur akan menyebabkan beberapa perubahan fisiologis. Tekanan darah akan meningkat setelah umur 45-55 tahun, dinding arteri akan mengalami penebalan karena adanya penumpukan zat kolagen pada lapaisan otot, sehingga pembuluh darah akan berangsur-angsur menyempit dan menjadi kaku. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui adanya Pengaruh Konsumsi Pisang Ambon Terhadap Tekanan Darah Lansia Penderita Hipertensi. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Quasi Eksperimen dengan desain Pretest and Posttest with control group design dan menggunakan teknik simple stratified Random sampling (pengambilan sampel acak berstrata). Hasil : Berdasarkan uji statistik uji test Wilcoxson hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya penurunan tekanan darah setelah menkonsumsi pisang ambon yakni nilai p untuk tekanan darah systole pada kelompok eksperimen yaitu 0,001 (p < 0,05) dan nilai p untuk tekanan darah diastole yaitu 0,021 (p < 0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada perubahan yang signifikan terhadap tekanan darah setelah mengkonsumsi pisang ambon sehingga Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Kesimpulan : Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai referensi dan digunakan bagi mahasiswa dalam bidang kesehatan yaitu pemberian terapi alternatif konsumsi pisang ambon terhadap penurunan tekanan darah bagi penderita hipertensin
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Stunting di Desa Aik Dewa Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pringgasela Utama
Authors: Fibrianti  , Sari Jusmala 
Published: June 2023

Background: Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem caused by a lack of nutritional intake for a long time, this causes future problems, namely experiencing difficulties in achieving optimal physical and cognitive development and to find out factors related to the incidence of stunting in Aik Dewa Village, the working area of ​​the Pringgasela Utama Health Center in 2022. Methods: This research method is a quantitative study, with a cross-sectional design approach. The population in this study were all mothers who had stunted toddlers aged 24-59 months, totaling 20 people during February 2022 in Aik Dewa Village, Pringgasela Utama Health Center Working Area, using Total Sampling. The independent variables in this study were age of marriage, history of exclusive breastfeeding, and history of LBW. The dependent variable in this study is the incidence of stunting. The data analysis used is univariate and bivariate. Results: The results showed that there was a relationship between history of exclusive breastfeeding (p-value 0.002), history of LBW (p-value 0.00), age at marriage (p-value 0.005) and stunting. Conclusion: There is a relationship between a history of exclusive breastfeeding, a history of LBW and a history of age at marriage with the incidence of stunting in Aik Dewa Village, the working area of ​​the Pringgasela Utama Health Center in 2022.
Hubungan Kecanduan Game Online terhadap Perilaku Sosial Remaja di Desa Anggaraksa
Authors: Syarif Hidayatullah  , Anatun Aupia  , Dina Alfiana Ikhwani  , Sasteri Yuliyanti  
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAK
Kecanduan game online merupakan suatu pola perilaku permainan yang terhubung ke internet secara terus-menerus dan berulang hingga kehilangan kontrol diri, minat dan aktivitas harian lainnya. Sedangkan Perilaku sosial merupakan aktivitas dalam hubunganya dengan orang lain dan lingkunganya baik teman sebaya maupun orang orang dewasa disekitarnya seperti orang tua, guru, dan saudara-saudaranya.Mengetahui hubungan kecanduan game online terhadap perilaku sosial remaja di Desa Anggaraksa tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional yaitu melakukan pengamatan sekali terhadap variabel bebas dan variabel terikat pada saat yang sama. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu sebanyak 81 responden dengan tehnik purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu chi square test. Berdasarkan uji statistik dengan menggunakan chi square test. didapatkan nilai signifikan 0,000 < 0,05 yang berarti H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dengan demikian disimpulkan ada hubungan kecanduan game online terhadap perilaku sosial remaja di Desa Anggaraksa tahun 2022. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut ada hubungan kecanduan game online terhadap perilaku sosial remaja di Desa Anggaraksa tahun 2022 dan diharapkan bagi remaja untuk mengurangi durasi bermain game online . Kata Kunci : Kecanduan Game Online, Perilaku Sosial Remaja
ABSTRACTOnline game addiction is a pattern of game behavior that is connected to the internet continuously and repeatedly until it loses self-control, interests and other daily activities. Meanwhile, social behavior is an activity in relation to other people and their environment, both peers and adults around them, such as parents, teachers, and siblings. to identify the relationship between online game addiction and adolescent social behavior in Anggaraksa Village in 2022. This study uses a descriptive correlation with a cross sectional approach, which is to make observations once on the independent variable and the dependent variable at the same time. The sample used is as many as 81 respondents with purposive sampling technique. Analysis of the data used is the chi square test. Based on the chi square test table above, there is a P-Value of 0.000. because the P-Value value is 0.000 <0.05, which means HO is rejected and H1 is accepted. Thus, it is concluded that there is a relationship between online game addiction and changes in adolescent social behavior in Anggaraksa Village. Based on these results, there is a relationship between online game addiction and adolescent social behavior in Anggaraksa Village in 2022 and it is hoped that adolescents will reduce the duration of playing online games. Keywords: Online Game Addiction, Adolescent Social Behavior
Peri-operative Hemodynamic changes and Anxiety in patients undergoing surgical and LASER assisted periodontal therapies- A randomised clinical trial
Authors: SRUTHIMA Nvsg , RAMESH Ksv , M Satyanarayana Raju , GADDE Praveen , PS Gautami 
Published: June 2023

Objectives: Hemodynamic changes, such as changes in blood pressure, heart rate, and hypoxia, are observed during surgical procedures and may be related to pre-operative anxiety. As a result, the current study aims to compare the hemodynamic changes, hypoxia, and anxiety in LASER assisted periodontal therapy and surgical periodontal therapy for pocket reduction.
Methods: This single blinded randomized controlled observational clinical trial included 30 patients with Stage II,III and Grade B,C periodontitis randomly allocated to surgical periodontal therapy (SurPT) and LASER assisted periodontal therapy(LAPT) groups. The systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), Pulserate(PR), oxygen saturation (SpO2) were assessed before injection of local anaesthesia (LA), after LA, during and at the end of procedure. Pre-operative anxiety(POA) was assessed using Amsterdam pre-operative anxiety and information scale(APOAI) before starting the procedure. Statistical analysis was done using student t-test for intergroup and repeated measures of ANOVA for intragroup analysis.
Results: SBP and HR were significantly greater in SurPT group at all time intervals compared to LAPT group (P
Reasons Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Contact Their Specialist Nurses
Authors: van den Berg Rosaline , Blok Katelijn , Tebayna Nura , Dijk Monique van , Rosmalen Joost van , Beukelaar Janet de 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:
Questions asked by patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) during patient-initiated MS nurse consultations may contain salient information that can help health care providers understand their needs, which, in turn, can help tailor counseling and treatment.

METHODS:
Records of all patients with PPMS visiting the MS center of a large teaching hospital in the Netherlands between January 2007 and January 2021 were studied retrospectively. Number and type (scheduled or patient initiated) of MS nurse consultations, reasons for consultations (in prespecified categories), and frequency of subsequent referrals were registered. Association between factors (living with partner, Expanded Disability Status Scale score, comorbidities, age, sex) and number of patient-initiated consultations was studied using negative binomial regression analysis.

RESULTS:
In total, 98 patients with PPMS were included, with 720 MS nurse consultations during follow-up (median duration, 8.1 years), of which 274 (38%) were patient initiated. Patients had a broad spectrum of reasons to contact MS nurses. The most common categories were treatment (36%) and micturition and defecation (31%). Patients living without a partner (incidence rate ratio, 2.340; 95% CI, 1.057-5.178) and male patients (incidence rate ratio, 1.890; 95% CI, 0.925-3.861) consulted MS nurses more frequently. The MS nurses made 146 referrals (20% of all contacts); 59 were after patient-initiated consultation (22%). The most frequent referrals were to neurologists, urologists, and rehabilitation specialists.

CONCLUSIONS:
Multiple sclerosis nurses have a pivotal role in PPMS care, especially for patients living without a partner and male patients. Recurring questions about (new) treatment options illustrate the pressing need for highly effective treatment. Micturition and defecation problems are also a considerable concern and warrant close monitoring.
Educational Game-based Design Training on Newton's Laws for Physics Teachers: A Need Analysis for Module Development
Authors: Low Jie Ying , Balakrishnan Balamuralithara , Yaacob Mohd Ikhwan Hadi 
Published: June 2023

Game-based learning (GBL) is one of the approaches that could foster students' learning, motivation and the development of 21st-century skills. Past studies have shown that students face problems learning Newton's laws. Educators are eager to integrate GBL into their teaching but often lack the knowledge and training.
Aims: This study was conducted to identify the problems teachers face while teaching Physics, the implementation level of GBL in Physics classrooms, the need for a training module development and the module's requirements.
Study Design: Quantitative research design.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Malaysia between June 2022 and October 2022.
Methodology: A stratified sampling method was used, involving 338 secondary school Physics teachers in Malaysia answering an online need analysis survey. Quantitative data were analysed using SPSS software to obtain the percentage, mean and standard deviation.
Results: The findings showed that the significant challenges faced were a lack of experience in implementing GBL in teaching Newton's laws, students' low motivation and insufficient time. Subsequently, the results showed an inadequate implementation level of GBL in teaching Physics. The findings also revealed a need for developing a training module that could assist teachers in designing educational games and implementing GBL in teaching Newton's laws. The requirements of the module were identified in this study.
Conclusion: The data obtained from this study will be used to design and develop an educational game design training module that meets the teachers' needs and thereby help them to create educational games and implement GBL better.
Feasibility of Fishing Business with Purse Seine in Gentuma, North Gorontalo, Indonesia
Authors: Nurlaela Eli , Husen Eddy Sugriwa , H. Moh Rifki , Muallim Rahmat , Choerudin Hery , Sudrajat Danu , Mudzakir Abdul Kohar 
Published: June 2023

The Purse Seine becomes a fishing gear commonly used by fishermen in Gentuma, North Gorontalo. A business feasibility analysis needs to be carried out to assess business opportunities to consider whether the business is feasible to continue or not. The components analyzed include Payback Period, Revenue Cost Ratio, Break Even Point and Return on Investment. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of the business of fishing for purse boats in North Gorontalo Gentuma. This research is based on a case study on MV. Inka Mina 730 operating in Gentuma waters, North Gorontalo. Based on the calculation of financial analysis indicators on MV. Inka Mina 730, obtained profit/loss analysis results of Rp. 388,287,988, R/C Ratio obtained 1.46, Payback Period analysis results of 4,12 means that to return the investment value it takes an interval of 4,12 years, while the BEP value is Rp. 3.220,383,810, then also obtained a BEP (kg) value of 236,382 kg, and a ROI (Return on Investment) calculation of 24%. The purse seine fishing business in Gentuma, North Gorontalo, Indonesia is feasible and profitable based on the NPV, IRR, and B/C ratio, with return on capital included in the fast return on capital category.
Survey of Multidrug Resistanct Bacteria in Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Attending Some Hospitals in Kebbi State, Nigeria
Authors: Kalgo Zaharaddin M. , Amin Binta M. , Muhammed Bashir 
Published: June 2023

The rise in multidrug resistance is a growing public health concern among agents of respiratory tract infection, which is responsible for morbidity, mortality and costs in Africa. This study was designed to survey for multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens in patients with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) attending some hospitals in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Three hundred and fifty sputum samples were collected from patients with the symptoms of LRTI attending six different hospitals in Kebbi State. The samples were all screened for bacterial pathogens using standard microbiological techniques. The bacterial isolates were identified using conventional biochemical tests and then confirmed using commercial biochemical test kit (MICROBACT) according to manufacturer’s instruction. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were determined using disc diffusion method to detect resistant isolates as well as multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates. The overall incidence of multidrug-resistant isolates in this study was 39.8%. High level of MDR was observed among Staphylococcus aureus (28.0%) and then Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.0%). MDR were also detected amongst Aeromonas hydrophila (11.6%), Pseudomanas aeruginosa (11.6.0%), Klebsiella oxytoca (11.6%), Burkholderia pseudomallei (7.1%) Escherichia coli (4.7%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (4.7%). In conclusion, MDR isolates were predominately isolated among Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics remains the risk factor for developing multidrug resistance isolates.
Effect of Row Ratio and Planting Methods on Growth, Water Use Efficiency, Yield and Economics of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Mentha (Mentha arvensis L.)
Authors: Kumar Awanish , Kumar Sarvesh , Kumar Pradeep , Yadav Sanjay , Singh Utkarsh , Prajapati Sunil Kumar 
Published: June 2023

This study examines the intercropping system of wheat and mentha involves the simultaneous cultivation of two or more crops on the same piece of land for higher land productivity. Japanese mint, a member of the Lamiaceae family, has a potent essential oil. Oil extracted from the leaves for use in aromatherapy, food flavouring, and medicine. Hence, a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of Row ratio and Planting methods on Growth, Yield Performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Mentha (Mentha arvensis L.) was conducted during 2016-17 at the Soil Conservation and Water Management Farm to investigate the response of mentha when intercropped with wheat under various row ratio and planting methods. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replication keeping one variety of Mentha ‘Shivalik’& Wheat ‘Unnat Halna’. The experiment consisting of nine treatments are T1: Sole Mentha direct sowing (50cm apart), T2: Sole Mentha transplanting (50cm apart), T3: Sole Wheat (25cm apart), T4: Wheat+Mentha (d, 1:1), T5: Wheat+Mentha (t, 1:1), T6:Wheat+Mentha (d, 2:2), T7:Wheat+Mentha (t, 2:2), T8: Wheat Paired+Mentha (d, 2:3), T9: Wheat Paired+Mentha (t, 2:3). The results indicated that Sole Wheat (T3) had the highest plant population (662.40 initially, 326 final), plant height (83.80 cm), and grain yield (39.80 q/ha) for wheat. In the case of mentha, Wheat Paired+Mentha (T8) exhibited the maximum final plant population (119.43), plant height (72.51 at maturity), and equivalent oil yield (189.05 l/ha). Wheat Paired+Mentha (T8) also recorded the highest total water use (647 mm), water use efficiency (0.292 kg/ha/mm of water), land equivalent ratio (1.50), and economic parameters such as gross return (228,868), net return (160,828), and B:C ratio (3.36). The maximum oil yield (163.35 l/ha) was found in Sole Mentha direct sowing (T1).