bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allelochemicals extract of star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) modulates wheat growth through alterations in anatomical architecture
Authors: Shah Syed Mohsan Raza , Fatima Sana , Hameed Mansoor , Basharat Sana , Ahmad Muhammad Sajid Aqeel , Ahmad Farooq , Asghar Ansa , Anwar Majid , Yasmin Fozia , Ashraf Muhammad , Shafqat Jazab 
Published: January 2023

Context Allelopathy is recognised as a potential technology to control weeds, and could also be a suitable approach for enhancement of crop yield. Aims The study was conducted to investigate the allelopathic role of Averrhoa carambola leaf extract on growth, anatomical and physiological features of three wheat lines, namely 3094, 7076 and A2011. Methods Three dilutions i.e. 0% (control), 15% and 30% of the leaf aqueous extract were applied at 15 day intervals (total five applications) on wheat lines until maturity. Key results All wheat lines showed differential behaviour to allelochemicals of A. carambola leaf extract. Increased root area was accompanied by a high proportion of storage parenchyma tissues and enlarged vascular bundles in line 3094. Disintegration of root cortical parenchyma and complete transformation of chlorenchyma into sclerenchyma in stem was recorded in all wheat lines, particularly at the highest concentration of leaf extract. Line 7076 showed very different behaviour, as it possessed a proportionally enlarged root cortex, enlarged stem vascular bundles and increased leaf thickness, primarily at the highest concentration of leaf extract. Line A2011 was relatively more sensitive, indicating a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in root and stem area and deformed leaves. Conclusions A low concentration (15%) of leaf extract promoted growth and development, whereas a higher concentration caused significant reduction in growth and anatomical attributes. Implications A lower dose of Averrhoa leaf extract promoted growth and development in all wheat lines, and hence can be used as a growth promoter. A higher concentration is important for eradicating unwanted plants.
A usage-based diachronic study of translated terminology
Authors: Dong Xiaona , Wei Xiangqing , Liu Runze 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The essential attributes and pragmatic features of terms are reflected in their actual use. The diachronic dimension of terminology use has become a major concern in recent decades; however, few considerations are given to the use of translated terminology. In this paper, we report on a diachronic study on the use of the translated Chinese term zibenhua (资本化, capitalisation/capitalise) under Cabré’s theory of doors. We built a corpus by collecting the texts containing the translated term zibenhua from the People’s Daily (1950–2019) to investigate the changes in its use and the potential reasons for these changes. A usage-based methodology for researching the translated terminology is also described.
Fabrication of Z-scheme Cd0.85Zn0.15S/Co9S8 dual-functional photocatalyst for effective hydrogen evolution and organic pollutant degradation
Authors: Liu Shurong , Xue Xiaodong , Feng Rui , Zhang Ning , Zhang Xue , Zhao Yanxia , Sun Meng , Yan Tao , Wei Qin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A Z-scheme Cd0.85Zn0.15S/Co9S8 (CZS-CS) photocatalyst was reasonably fabricated by a simple solvothermal method for the effective visible-light-driven H2 evolution and organic pollutants degradation. The precise construction of the CZS-CS composites provided an efficient heterogeneous contact interface and abundant reaction sites for the proposed photocatalytic reaction. The homogeneous Co9S8 nanocrystals were uniformly wrapped on the surface of Cd0.85Zn0.15S nanorods, forming an intimate-contact interface, markedly contributed to the light collection and effectively inhibited the charge-carrier recombination. The optimized CZS-CS-15 composites exhibited a special H2 production rate reaching 19.15 mmol·h−1·g−1, roughly 1915 and 4.5 times of pure Co9S8 and Cd0.85Zn0.15S samples and 85% of tetracycline (TC) molecule within 15 min was degraded. Furthermore, trapping experiments confirmed that h+ was the main active species for TC photodegradation. Moreover, the obtained photocatalysts manifested stability without apparent activity declines during the proposed reactions. Finally, the Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism was verified to illustrate the characteristics of efficient charge transfer and high redox ability. This study provided a rational and learnable strategy for designing dual-functional Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts.
Filament structure of random waves
Authors: Tacy Melissa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We investigate the small-scale equidistribution properties of random waves, u, in

R

n

. Numerical evidence suggests that such objects display a fine scale filament structure. We show that the x-ray of

|

u

|

2

along any line segment is uniformly equidistributed. So any limiting behaviour must be weaker than L
2 scarring. On the other hand, we show that at Planck scale in phase space there are (with high probability) logarithmic fluctuations above what would be expected given equidistribution. Taken together these results suggest that the filament structure may be a configuration space echo of the phase-space concentrations.
Recent progress on fabrication and flat-band physics in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides moiré superlattices
Authors: Huang Xinyu , Han Xu , Dai Yunyun , Xu Xiaolong , Yan Jiahao , Huang Mengting , Ding Pengfei , Zhang Decheng , Chen Hui , Laxmi Vijay , Wu Xu , Liu Liwei , Wang Yeliang , Xu Yang , Huang Yuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Moiré superlattices are formed when overlaying two materials with a slight mismatch in twist angle or lattice constant. They provide a novel platform for the study of strong electronic correlations and non-trivial band topology, where emergent phenomena such as correlated insulating states, unconventional superconductivity, and quantum anomalous Hall effect are discovered. In this review, we focus on the semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) based moiré systems that host intriguing flat-band physics. We first review the exfoliation methods of two-dimensional materials and the fabrication technique of their moiré structures. Secondly, we overview the progress of the optically excited moiré excitons, which render the main discovery in the early experiments on TMD moiré systems. We then introduce the formation mechanism of flat bands and their potential in the quantum simulation of the Hubbard model with tunable doping, degeneracies, and correlation strength. Finally, we briefly discuss the challenges and future perspectives of this field.
Review of phonons in moiré superlattices
Authors: Li Zhenyao , Lai Jia-Min , Zhang Jun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Moiré patterns in physics are interference fringes produced when a periodic template is stacked on another similar one with different displacement and twist angles. The phonon in two-dimensional (2D) material affected by moiré patterns in the lattice shows various novel physical phenomena, such as frequency shift, different linewidth, and mediation to the superconductivity. This review gives a brief overview of phonons in 2D moiré superlattice. First, we introduce the theory of the moiré phonon modes based on a continuum approach using the elastic theory and discuss the effect of the moiré pattern on phonons in 2D materials such as graphene and MoS2. Then, we discuss the electron–phonon coupling (EPC) modulated by moiré patterns, which can be detected by the spectroscopy methods. Furthermore, the phonon-mediated unconventional superconductivity in 2D moiré superlattice is introduced. The theory of phonon-mediated superconductivity in moiré superlattice sets up a general framework, which promises to predict the response of superconductivity to various perturbations, such as disorder, magnetic field, and electric displacement field.
Gate tunable spatial accumulation of valley-spin in chemical vapor deposition grown 40°-twisted bilayer WS2
Authors: Zhao Siwen , Shao Gonglei , Han Zheng Vitto , Liu Song , Zhang Tongyao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The emerging two-dimensional materials, particularly transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), are known to exhibit valley degree of freedom with long valley lifetime, which hold great promises in the implementation of valleytronic devices. Especially, light–valley interactions have attracted attentions in these systems, as the electrical generation of valley magnetization can be readily achieved — a rather different route toward magnetoelectric (ME) effect as compared to that from conventional electron spins. However, so far, the moiré patterns constructed with twisted bilayer TMDs remain largely unexplored in regard of their valley spin polarizations, even though the symmetry might be distinct from the AB stacked bilayer TMDs. Here, we study the valley Hall effect (VHE) in 40°-twisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown WS2 moiré transistors, using optical Kerr rotation measurements at 20 K. We observe a clear gate tunable spatial distribution of the valley carrier imbalance induced by the VHE when a current is exerted in the system.
Experimental characterization of a fast X-ray spectroscopic imager module using the ALTAIR P3 ASIC for real-time contaminants detection
Authors: Quercia J. , Mele F. , Macera D. , Arcaini B. , Garavelli B. , Bertuccio G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
X-ray imagers with spectroscopic capabilities and high photon count rates are finding promising applications in industrial real-time inspection systems. In this context, XSpectra® combines a CdTe-based linear energy-resolved photon counting (ERPC) pixel sensor with real-time image processing techniques to detect low and high density contaminants. The detection unit makes use of a new analog read-out ASIC that has been designed by Politecnico di Milano to meet strict application requirements both in energy resolution and achievable photon count rate. A room-temperature low-rate spectroscopic characterization of the system at a peaking time of 60 ns showed an average equivalent noise charge of 259 electrons r.m.s. (2.72 keV FWHM in CdTe) and an average FWHM of the 59.5 keV 241Am line of 3.6 keV, with a 3σ dispersion in noise performance of ±10% over 256 channels. The detection unit was tested in high incoming photon flux conditions by means of an X-ray tube. Minimal spectral distortion due to pile-up events is obtained up to an Incoming Count Rate of 2.5 Mcps/channel, while the maximum counting capability of energy-resolved events is 2.2 Mcps/channel.
Analog performance of the CROCv1 pixel readout chip for the CMS Phase-2 Tracker Upgrade
Authors: Papadopoulos A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The CROCv1 front-end (FE) chip was designed by the RD53 collaboration for the CMS Phase-2 Inner Tracker Upgrade. It is designed to cope with the extreme radiation and hit rates of the HL-LHC and it is based on the 65 nm CMOS technology and a novel analog FE design featuring linear charge to Time-over-Threshold conversion. In this contribution, the characterization measurements of the analog part of the chip are presented with a special focus on the linear analog FE, including Total Ionizing Dose radiation damage studies.
Planar fiber-chip-coupling using angle-polished polarization maintaining fibers
Authors: Schneider M. , Garcia Herrera L.A. , Burger B. , Eisenblätter L. , Kühner T. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We report on our latest developments of a planar fiber-chip-coupling scheme, using angle polished, polarization maintaining (PM) fibers. Most integrated photonic chip components are polarization sensitive and a suitable way to launch several wavelength channels with the same polarization to the chip is the use of PM fibers. Those impose several challenges at processing and handling to achieve a stable, permanent, and low-loss coupling. We present the processing of the fibers in detail and experimental results for our planar and compact fiber-chip-coupling technique.
Front-end Electronics for Timing with pico-second precision using 3D Trench Silicon Sensors
Authors: Cossu Gian Matteo , Lai Adriano 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The next generation of collider experiments require tracking
detectors with extreme performance capabilities in terms of spatial
resolution (tens of µm), radiation hardness
(1017 1 MeV neq/cm2) and timing resolution (tens of
ps). 3D silicon sensors, recently developed within the TimeSPOT
initiative, offer a viable solution to cope with such demanding
requirements. In order to accurately characterize the timing
performance of these new sensors, several read-out boards, based on
discrete active components, have been designed, assembled, and
tested. The same electronics is also suitable for characterization
of similar pixel sensors whenever timing performance in the order
and below 10 ps is a requirement. This paper describes the general
characteristics needed by front-end electronics to exploit
solid-state sensors with fast timing capabilities and in particular,
showcases the performance of the developed electronics in the
testing and characterization of fast 3D silicon sensors.
First results from a multiplexed and massive instrument with sub-electron noise Skipper-CCDs
Authors: Chierchie F. , Chavez C.R. , Sofo Haro M. , Fernandez Moroni G. , Cervantes-Vergara B.A. , Perez S. , Estrada J. , Tiffenberg J. , Uemura S. , Botti A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present a new instrument composed of a large number of
sub-electron noise Skipper-CCDs operated with a two stage analog
multiplexed readout scheme suitable for scaling to thousands of
channels. New, thick, 1.35 Mpix sensors, from a new foundry, are
glued into a Multi-Chip Module (MCM) printed circuit board on a
ceramic substrate which has 16 sensors each. The instrument, that
can hold up-to 16 MCMs, a total of 256 Skipper-CCD sensors (called a
Super-Module with ≈ 130 grams of active mass and
346 Mpix), is part of the R&D effort of the OSCURA experiment
which will have ≈ 94 super-modules. Experimental results
with 10 MCMs and 160 Skipper-CCDs sensors are presented in this
paper. This is already the largest ever built instrument with single
electron sensitivity CCDs using nondestructive readout, both, in
terms of active mass and number of channels.
Repopulation of decellularized organ scaffolds with human pluripotent stem cell-derived pancreatic progenitor cells
Authors: Goh Saik-Kia , Bertera Suzanne , Richardson Thomas , Banerjee Ipsita 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Diabetes is an emerging global epidemic that affects more that 285 million people worldwide. Engineering of endocrine pancreas tissue holds great promise for the future of diabetes therapy. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of re-engineering decellularized organ scaffolds using regenerative cell source. We differentiated human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) toward pancreatic progenitor (PP) lineage and repopulated decellularized organ scaffolds with these hPSC-PP cells. We observed that hPSCs cultured and differentiated as aggregates are more suitable for organ repopulation than isolated single cell suspension. However, recellularization with hPSC-PP aggregates require a more extensive vascular support, which was found to be superior in decellularized liver over the decellularized pancreas scaffolds. Upon continued culture for nine days with chemical induction in the bioreactor, the seeded hPSC-PP aggregates demonstrated extensive and uniform cellular repopulation and viability throughout the thickness of the liver scaffolds. Furthermore, the decellularized liver scaffolds was supportive of the endocrine cell fate of the engrafted cells. Our novel strategy to engineer endocrine pancreas construct is expected to find potential applications in preclinical testing, drug discovery and diabetes therapy.
Storylines of Maritime Continent dry period precipitation changes under global warming
Authors: Ghosh Rohit , Shepherd Theodore G 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The dry half of the year from May to October over the Maritime Continent (MC) has experienced unprecedented damages from forest fires in recent decades. The observed interannual rainfall variability during this period is closely tied to sea surface temperature (SST) variability over the equatorial Pacific (EP). Therefore, the future evolution of EP SST can be expected to influence the climatological precipitation over the MC. Whilst multi-model means (MMMs) suggest a future drying trend over the south-western part of the MC, there is considerable model uncertainty. Here, using a storyline approach with the 38 climate models from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6, we distinguish the model uncertainty associated with changes in the zonal EP SST gradient from that associated with the basin-wide EP (BEP) warming. We find that an increase in east-to-west EP SST gradient would bring more rainfall over the north-eastern regions including northern Borneo, Sulawesi and New Guinea. In contrast, the intensity of the basin-wide warming of EP SST is directly linked with the drying response seen over the south-western MC in the MMM. This drying affects the highly vulnerable regions of Sumatra and Kalimantan for forest fires. Our results suggest that a storyline under higher BEP warming accompanied by an El-Niño like change in zonal SST gradient would lead to even drier climatic conditions over these key regions. However, the observed record of more than one hundred years favours a storyline of lower BEP warming accompanied by a La-Niña like change in zonal SST gradient, which would lead to minimal drying over the south-western MC and wetter conditions over the north-eastern parts of the MC.
Diagrammatics for the inverse problem in spin systems and simple liquids
Authors: Kühn Tobias , van Wijland Frédéric 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Modeling complex systems, like neural networks, simple liquids or flocks of birds, often works in reverse to textbook approaches: given data for which averages and correlations are known, we try to find the parameters of a given model consistent with it. In general, no exact calculation directly from the model is available and we are left with expensive numerical approaches. A particular situation is that of a perturbed Gaussian model with polynomial corrections for continuous degrees of freedom. Indeed perturbation expansions for this case have been implemented in the last 60 years. However, there are models for which the exactly solvable part is non-Gaussian, such as independent Ising spins in a field, or an ideal gas of particles. We implement a diagrammatic perturbative scheme in weak correlations around a non-Gaussian yet solvable probability weight. This applies in particular to spin models (Ising, Potts, Heisenberg) with weak couplings, or to a simple liquid with a weak interaction potential. Our method casts systems with discrete degrees of freedom and those with continuous ones within the same theoretical framework. When the core theory is Gaussian it reduces to the well-known Feynman diagrammatics.
Extracellular vesicles-derived miRNAs as mediators of pulmonary exacerbation in pediatric cystic fibrosis
Authors: Stachowiak Zuzanna , Wojsyk-Banaszak Irena , Jończyk-Potoczna Katarzyna , Narożna Beata , Langwiński Wojciech , Szczepankiewicz Aleksandra 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) suffer from chronic inflammation and recurrent pulmonary exacerbations (PEs). We aimed to test whether a specific miRNA could be associated with the occurrence of PE. We sequenced extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived miRNA in sputum (n = 20), exhaled breath condensate (EBC) (n = 11), and serum (n = 8) samples from pediatric patients during PE and the stable stage of CF. Four miRNAs: let-7c, miR-16, miR-25-3p and miR-146a, have been selected for validation in a larger group with reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) in sputum and serum, or droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in EBC. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) differential expression analysis was done in Base Space, and the correlation between miRNAs expression and clinical data was calculated with Statistica. Functional annotation of selected miRNAs and their potential target genes was performed with miRDip and DAVID software. There were no differences in miRNA expression between stable and exacerbation in sputum and in serum. Validation of four selected miRNAs showed significant downregulation of miR-146a in serum. A panel of all four miRNAs (peripherally) was the best predictive model of exacerbation (p < 0.001, AUC = 0.96). Expression of airway miR-25-3p improved the diagnostic value of FEV1% pred and FVC% pred, while peripheral miR-146a improved the predictive model of C-reactive protein and neutrophilia. In silico analysis revealed a potential role for selected miRNAs in regulating processes associated with inflammation and tissue remodeling. We demonstrated that EVs contained in peripheral blood as well as local biomaterials can act as carriers for miRNAs with the diagnostic potential of predicting exacerbation in pediatric CF.
Embroidered textile electrodes for long-term ECG monitoring
Authors: Nigusse Abreha Bayrau , Malengier Benny , Mengistie Desalegn Alemu , Maru Ambachew , Tseghai Granch Berhe , Langenhove Lieva Van 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring is very important for the diagnosis and examination of heart-related diseases. Electrodes are the main components in monitoring and recording ECG signals. In this work, we have developed embroidered electrodes using two types of conductive yarns. ECG detection performance of the electrodes was measured at static and dynamic conditions and results were compared to standard Ag/AgCl electrodes. The electrodes were developed with three different dimensional areas to investigate the effect of the size on ECG acquisition performance. ECG signals collected from both the embroidered and standard Ag/AgCl electrodes have visible P, QRS, and T waveforms. Signals collected using large-size textile electrodes show better signal amplitude, which would reveal that the performance of the electrodes becomes improved with an increase in size. However, signals collect more artifacts dynamic conditions contain motion artifacts, indicating this aspect requires further improvement.
Green and sustainable dyeing of wool with madder plant of the Moroccan flora
Authors: Mesrar F E , Tachallait H , Cherkaoui O , Bougrin K , Benhida R 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Textile industry is evolving towards limiting the use of synthetic dyes due to their environmental and health concerns. Natural dyes are considered the ultimate alternative as it is green and ecofriendly. However, natural dyeing is limited by the use of metal mordants to enhance the colorimetric and fastness behavior of dyed textiles. In this work, madder roots (Rubia Tinctorum) from Morocco were analyzed by mean of HPLC-PDA and used to dye wool yarns. The effect of pre-mordanting with different metal mordants was assessed. Color properties, exhaustion, and fixation rates of dyed wool was also evaluated depending on the mordants.