bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased PHOSPHO1 and alkaline phosphatase expression during the anabolic bone response to intermittent parathyroid hormone delivery
Authors: Houston Dean A. , Stephen Louise A. , Jayash Soher N. , Myers Katherine , Little Kirsty , Hopkinson Mark , Pitsillides Andrew A. , MacRae Vicky E. , Millan Jose Luis , Staines Katherine A. , Farquharson Colin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe administration of intermittent parathyroid hormone (iPTH) is anabolic to the skeleton. Recent studies with cultured osteoblasts have revealed that the expression of PHOSPHO1, a bone‐specific phosphatase essential for the initiation of mineralisation, is regulated by PTH. Therefore, this study sought to determine whether the bone anabolic response to iPTH involves modulation of expression of Phospho1 and of other enzymes critical for bone matrix mineralisation. To mimic iPTH treatment, primary murine osteoblasts were challenged with 50 nM PTH for 6 h in every 48 h period for 8 days (4 cycles), 14 days (7 cycles) and 20 days (10 cycles) in total. The expression of both Phospho1 and Smpd3 was almost completely inhibited after 4 cycles, whereas 10 cycles were required to stimulate a similar response in Alpl expression. To explore the in vivo role of PHOSPHO1 in PTH‐mediated osteogenesis, the effects of 14‐ and 28‐day iPTH (80 µg/kg/day) administration was assessed in male wild‐type (WT) and Phospho1−/− mice. The expression of Phospho1, Alpl, Smpd3, Enpp1, Runx2 and Trps1 expression was enhanced in the femora of WT mice following iPTH administration but remained unchanged in the femora of Phospho1−/− mice. After 28 days of iPTH administration, the anabolic response in the femora of WT was greater than that noted in Phospho1−/− mice. Specifically, cortical and trabecular bone volume/total volume, as well as cortical thickness, were increased in femora of iPTH‐treated WT but not in iPTH‐treated Phospho1−/− mice. Trabecular bone osteoblast number was also increased in iPTH‐treated WT mice but not in iPTH‐treated Phospho1−/− mice. The increased levels of Phospho1, Alpl, Enpp1 and Smpd3 in WT mice in response to iPTH administration is consistent with their contribution to the potent anabolic properties of iPTH in bone. Furthermore, as the anabolic response to iPTH was attenuated in mice deficient in PHOSPHO1, this suggests that the osteoanabolic effects of iPTH are at least partly mediated via bone mineralisation processes.
Crosstalk between myofibroblasts and macrophages: A regulative factor of valvular fibrosis in calcific aortic valve disease
Authors: Wu Lujia , Huang Kai , Li Qin , Wu Hao , Gao Yuan , Xu Xiangyang , Liu Xiaohong , Han Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInflammation and fibrosis are highly correlated with the progression of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). As one of the differentiated forms of valvular interstitial cells, myofibroblasts play a critical role in CAVD's development as do macrophages. Although numerous studies have been conducted on them separately, their communication and interaction remain unclear. We used porcine aortic valves to isolate valve interstitial cells (VICs). VICs were induced to differentiate into myofibroblasts by transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1). After successful activation was determined, the myofibroblast‐conditioned medium (CM) was collected and used to act on RAW264.7, a macrophage cell line. A migration and adhesion assay estimated the recruitment capability of myofibroblasts on macrophages. We used flow cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and Western blot analysis to investigate myofibroblasts' polarity promotion function in macrophages. Finally, we used macrophage‐CM on VICs to explore the differentiation induction function of polarized macrophages. Myofibroblast marker alpha‐smooth muscle actin and M2 macrophage marker CD163 were detected as upregulated in CAVD patients, and their expression has a certain correlation. The Smad3/HA/CD44 axis activated the differentiation of myofibroblasts by Western blot. The myofibroblast‐CM can promote chemotaxis and adhesion of macrophages through protein kinase B/chemokine (C–C motif) ligand5 and Smad3/HA/CD44, respectively. Hyaluronic acid (HA) inside the myofibroblast‐CM stimulates macrophages to polarize into M2 macrophages. In turn, M2 macrophage‐CM has the promotive ability to activate myofibroblasts but fails to induce the osteoblast differentiation of VICs directly. The crosstalk between myofibroblasts and macrophages causes the excessive activation of myofibroblasts. This positive feedback loop may play a vital role in CAVD progression.
Overinflation of balloon‐expandable valves for transcatheter treatment of pure noncalcified native aortic regurgitation: How much oversizing is needed and achievable?
Authors: Orzalkiewicz Mateusz , Taglieri Nevio , Palmerini Tullio , Saia Francesco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in noncalcified pure aortic valve regurgitation is challenging as dedicated valves are not widely available. We present a case series of four inoperable patients who underwent compassionate TAVI for this indication at our institution with a balloon‐expandable valve. In this context, we analyzed the relevant technical aspects such as the need for larger oversizing of the transcatheter prosthesis and the safety and limits of valve overexpansion.
Equivalence between Minimum Entropy and Exergy Applied to Continuous Stirred‐Tank Reactors
Authors: Bispo Heleno , Manzi João 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMinimum entropy and exergy concepts were applied to continuous stirred‐tank reactors (CSTRs) to assess their effectiveness as analytical and optimization tools as well as to clarify some existing controversy regarding their practical applications. The second law of thermodynamics was used to establish in detail the concepts themselves or in the formulation of the exergy balance. Relevant information was extracted from both, in addition to which differences between them were revealed. By applying a commercial software package to the production of propylene glycol, the results of theoretical analysis and simulation showed that such concepts produced equivalent effects when applied to CSTRs and, due to the operating conditions, exergy proved to be independent of the so‐called dead state. Therefore, it is concluded that both procedures lead to equivalent optimization strategies when applied to CSTRs and depending on the objectives, but the use of minimum entropy may be more advantageous for some approaches, as it does not depend on the dead state.
Rare Earth Element‐Based Recovery Concept for Cofactors Containing Phosphate Groups from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Neuburger Jan Eric , Tiedemann Sven , Michalik Dirk , von Langermann Jan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCofactors, which are key components in many bio‐based processes, are often consumed within the biosynthetic reaction, but are usually converted back to their original form by recycling. This study presents an approach for the selective removal of cofactors from aqueous solution at up to submillimolar concentrations. The rare earth elements (REE) scandium, yttrium, and lanthanum, in the oxidation state +3, are used to form sparingly soluble salts with the investigated cofactors, pyridoxal‐5‐phosphate, NAD+, NADP+, adenosine triphosphate, and thiamine pyrophosphate. Up to > 99 % removal efficiency via cofactor salt precipitation was observed. Redissolution and recovery of the formed salt is obtained via treatment with NaH2PO4 in a salt metathesis reaction, forming the solubilized cofactors with up to > 99 % recovery and the corresponding REE phosphate salts.
Canada thistle injury with spring‐applied herbicides in infrequently mowed fine fescue in Pennsylvania
Authors: Landschoot Peter 
Published: December 2022

Core Ideas
Aminopyralid + 2,4‐D provided equal or greater injury to Canada thistle compared to clopyralid‐containing products.
Triclopyr + 2,4‐D produced Canada thistle injury comparable to triclopyr + clopyralid.
Metsulfuron was slow to injure Canada thistle but provided acceptable control within 40 to 55 d.
Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of π‐Extended Phosphindolizine Derivatives
Authors: Tsurusaki Akihiro , Tahara Sana , Nakamura Makoto , Matsumoto Hiroyo , Kamikawa Ken 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDibenzo[b,g]phosphindolizine oxide and three types of benzo[e]naphthophosphindolizine oxides have been synthesized by the ring‐closing metathesis of benzo[b]phosphole oxide and naphthophosphole oxides with two olefin tethers. Their molecular structures and properties were revealed by X‐ray crystallographic analysis, UV‐vis spectroscopy, and electrochemical analysis. The number and position of the benzene rings were found to alter the structural geometry and the HOMO/LUMO energy levels, and their effects were investigated by theoretical calculations. Among the phosphindolizine oxide derivatives investigated, only benzo[e]naphtho[2,3‐b]phosphindolizine oxide with the naphthalene ring fused at 2,3‐positions showed weak yellow fluorescence with a large Stokes shift.
Effect of Mini‐PEGs Modification on the Enzymatic Digestion of D‐Amino Acid‐Containing Peptides under the Action of PROK**
Authors: Yan Liang , Ke Yongqi , Wang Yu , Yang Jingkui , He Yujian , Wu Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt was previously reported that D‐amino acid‐containing peptides exhibited the ability to resist enzymatic hydrolysis. This study investigated the influence of mini‐PEGs modification on enzymatic hydrolysis ability of D‐amino acid‐containing peptides. The results showed that PEGylation promoted enzymatic hydrolysis of the D‐amino acid‐containing peptide, especially, the cleavage rate of the D‐amino acid‐containing peptide 6‐w with PEG3 modification at the N‐ends was up to 17 times higher in the presence of proteinase K (PROK) compared to those without PEG3 modification. Moreover, analysis of the enzymatic cleavage sites demonstrated a similar cleavage pattern of the PEGylated D‐amino acid‐containing peptide to that of the unmodified peptide. The computational simulations further showed that the enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis ability can be attributed to the strong interaction between PROK and the peptide after PEG3 modification and the resulting formation of a mature catalytic triad structure.
Modeling and Flow Sheet Simulation of Selected Mechanical Recycling Processes for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Punt Franziska , Doose Stefan , Böttcher Ann‐Christin , Breitung‐Faes Sandra , Kwade and Arno 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo investigate the mechanical processes of Li‐ion battery recycling in more detail, models for the different unit processes are to be developed. Here, model approaches for the cutting mill and the zig‐zag‐sifter are presented. These models are to be used in dynamic flow sheet simulations, with which the individual unit processes as well as the combination to a small process chain were simulated. Thereby, the dynamic interactions between the process steps were investigated, which can be used later for optimization and regulation of the processes. The particle sizes after the cutting mill process as well as the mass flow between the processes influence the separation behavior of the sifter. These changes in the separation function due to an increasing mass flow out of the mill are shown.
Type I and Ir pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB): A report from the International PPB/DICER1 Registry
Authors: Nelson Alexander T. , Harris Anne K. , Watson Dave , Miniati Doug , Finch Mike , Kamihara Junne , Mitchell Sarah G. , Wilson David B. , Gettinger Katie , Rangaswami Arun A. , Campos José M. , Lederman Sara , Feltis Brad A. , Vasta Lauren M. , Harney Laura A. , Stewart Douglas R. , Dehner Louis P. , Messinger Yoav H. , Hill D. Ashley , Schultz Kris Ann P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is the most common lung cancer of infancy and early childhood. Type I PPB is a purely cystic lesion that has a microscopic population of primitive small cells with or without rhabdomyoblastic features and may progress to type II or III PPB, whereas type Ir lacks primitive small cells.MethodsChildren with suspected PPB were enrolled in the International PPB/DICER1 Registry. Pathology was centrally reviewed, and follow‐up was ascertained annually.ResultsBetween 2006 and 2022, 205 children had centrally reviewed type I or Ir PPB; 39% of children with type I and 5% of children with type Ir PPB received chemotherapy. Outcomes were favorable, although 11 children (nine with type I and two with type Ir PPB) experienced progression to type II/III (n = 8) or regrowth of type I PPB at the surgical site (n = 3), none of whom received chemotherapy before progression. Age and cyst size in combination were more suitable than either factor alone in predicting whether a particular lesion was type I or Ir PPB.ConclusionsFor young children with type I PPB, outcomes are favorable, but complete resection is indicated because of the risk for progression. Chemotherapy may be useful in a subset of children at increased risk for recurrence/progression. Efforts to risk stratify children with type I PPB to optimize outcomes while reducing treatment‐related side effects are underway.
Submodelling approach to screw‐to‐bone interaction in additively manufactured subperiosteal implant structures
Authors: Castrillo Gabriel , Carnicero Alberto , Perera Ricardo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThanks to new digital technologies, complex cases of severe maxillary atrophy may now be treated with additively manufactured subperiosteal implant structures (AMSISs). However, there are few studies addressing this topic and most of them focus on the mechanical behaviour of the AMSIS itself without considering its interaction with the maxilla bone. The aim of this study is to provide a methodology based on finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate the effect of interaction between the maxilla bone and the screws fixing the AMSIS. The mechanical performance of an AMSIS was examined via a FEA based on submodelling. Significant differences were encountered in displacements and reaction forces when bone–screw interaction was considered. Stress in the cortical layer was found to be close to the maximum strength while the trabecular layer seems to have no effect on the results; stresses in the AMSIS are lower than the fatigue stress limit. Finally, the comparison of stresses between models with and without osseointegration shows how stresses drop once osseointegration is complete. The proposed submodelling approach considerably reduces the computational effort and enables both a detailed model of the interaction between the thread of the screws and the bone and an accurate evaluation of displacement and stress fields on the interface. The results have shown that stresses in the cortical bone are highly affected by the initial geometry of the thread inside the bone, which demonstrates the importance of modelling the effect of the thread.
Association of local solid mechanical, hemodynamic and morphological characteristics with ruptured intracranial aneurysm
Authors: Zhai Xiaodong , Hu Peng , Wang Yadong , Zhang Hongqi , Cao Lan , Huang Tianming , Lu Jia , Luo Yuanming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is a complicated phenomenon of which the mechanism is not fully understood. The purpose of this study is to associate local solid mechanical, hemodynamic, and morphological characteristics with rupture regions through statistical means, in an attempt to identify the parameters that are indicative of rupture propensity for IAs. Twenty patient‐specific ruptured IA models were reconstructed from digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and applied in the analysis of wall tension, wall shear stress (WSS) and curvature. The precise rupture locations were marked out through intraoperative videos. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to investigate the correlations of these three parameters with patient characteristics and global geometric features. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were further performed on wall tension, WSS and curvature with regards to rupture and nonrupture regions. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis defining area under the curve (AUC) was performed on these three parameters. The univariate model of wall tension (AUC, 0.9750), WSS (AUC, 0.9300), curvature (0.8150) and their combined multivariate model (AUC, 0.9875) all present high AUC values. The wall tension, WSS and curvature are acceptable parameters relating to rupture regions. The rupture odd is more sensitive to the wall tension and WSS than curvature. Each logistic model is capable in discriminating ruptures from nonrupture regions, while the multivariate model is the most efficient.
IOT‐HML: A hybrid machine learning technique for IoT enabled industrial monitoring and control system
Authors: Kota Prabhakar N. , Chandak Ashok S. , Patil B. P. 
Published: December 2022

SummaryIndustrial 4.0 makes manufacturers more vulnerable to current challenges and makes it easier to adapt to market changes. It is essential to focus on monitoring and controlling the production system before complex accidents occur. To overcome above research gaps, we shift to industrial 4.0, which combine IoT and mechanism learning for industrial monitor and manage. Here, we propose a hybrid machine learning technique for IoT enabled industrial monitoring and control system (IoT‐HML). The main goal of the research is to overcome the issues of information security and control systems by developing a hybrid machine learning technique. Compared to the existing AODV protocol, the proposed C‐IWO based routing protocol outperformed efficiently in terms of 19.2% average delay, 12.7% average energy consumption, 10.26% average throughput, 3.8% average delivery ratio, and 16.33% average loss ratio, respectively. In addition, the accuracy 98.5%, sensitivity 97.3%, specificity 98.2%, precision 98.35%, recall 98.32%, and F‐measure 97.49% of proposed CP‐LNN technique is very high compare to obtainable state‐of‐art classifiers.
Synthesis of Aminotroponyl‐/Difluoroboronyl Aminotroponyl Deoxyuridine Phosphoramidites
Authors: Palai Bibhuti Bhusana , Panda Subhashree S. , Sharma Nagendra K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis report describes the chemical synthesis of aminotroponyl‐conjugated deoxyuridine analog (at‐dU) and its difluoroboron complex (dfbat‐dU) and their phosphoramidites by using the versatile phosphorylating reagent 2‐CyanoethylN,N‐diisopropylchlorophosphoramidite. Tropolone is a non‐benzenoid aromatic bioactive natural fluorescent molecule, possessing intramolecular charge transfer and metal chelating properties with transition metal ions such as Cu2+/Zn2+/Ni2+. Its synthetic derivatives, 2‐aminotropones also exhibit unique bioactivities and are considered potential therapeutic drug candidate. Recently, the fluorescence properties of aminotropone has improved by complexing with difluoroboron residue that generates aminotroponyl‐BODIPY analog. These could be employed for the synthesis ofat‐dU/dfbat‐dUcontaining DNA oligonucleotides for designing the11B/19F‐NMR/fluorescence‐based DNA probes. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Synthesis ofN‐propargyl‐2‐aminotropone (2) and difluoroboronylN‐propargyl‐2‐aminotropone (3) molecules.Basic Protocol 2: Synthesis ofN‐propargyl‐2‐aminotroponyl deoxyuridinyl (at‐dU) phosphoramidites (7).Basic Protocol 3: Synthesis of difluoroboronylN‐propargyl‐2‐aminotroponyl deoxyuridinyl (dfbat‐dU) phosphoramidites (10)
Dopant‐Induced Surface Self‐Etching of Cobalt Carbonate Hydroxide Boosts Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Ma Zemian , Ma Xueying , Luo Wei , Jiang Yimin , Shen Wei , He Rongxing , Li Ming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHerein, vanadium‐doped cobalt carbonate hydroxide, V−CoCH, was synthesized as efficient catalyst for water splitting. Vanadium species were partially dissolved in the early stages of the oxygen‐evolution reaction (OER), inducing self‐etching of the catalyst surface, which is helpful for catalyst surface reconstruction and resulted in a higher number of active sites and oxygen vacancies. The synergy between V‐doping and oxygen vacancies improved the catalytic activity: V−CoCH showed an exceptional OER catalytic performance with an overpotential of 183 mV at 10 mA cm−2. The water‐splitting cell consisting of V−CoCH only required 1.52 V to reach 10 mA cm−2. Theoretical calculations revealed that vanadium in V−CoCH played an important role in electron regulation of active sites. The oxygen vacancies had an important effect on improvement of the OER performance through not only the exposure of more active sites but also through modulation of the electronic structure. This work provides an effective strategy for constructing high‐performance electrocatalysts.
ARMS‐EGR—Adaptive ranking and mobile sink‐enabled energy‐efficient geographic routing protocol in flying ad hoc networks
Authors: Agrawal Juhi , Kapoor Monit 
Published: December 2022

SummaryUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become widespread because of their involvement in a variety of applications. The task of designing the energy‐efficient routing between UAVs has been considered a matter of great interest due to the inherent challenges of controlling the dynamics exhibited by UAVs. Energy limitations are considered the main limitations of UAVs. This research paper proposes a novel routing protocol, adaptive ranking and mobile sink (MS)‐enabled energy‐efficient geographic routing (ARMS‐EGR) for flying ad hoc networks. In ARMS‐EGR, the whole network is partitioned into cells. The cell contains cell members (CM) and cell heads (CHs). The CH works as a cluster head. Additionally, two MSs have been used to collect data captured by CM. Multihop communication on the network leads to an increase in traffic and consumes the energy of the UAVs located near the base station (BS). MSs are used for power distribution and load balancing across the network. Adaptive ranking of forwarder UAVs and CHs is performed during intracell and intercell multihop communication, respectively, using adaptive ranking. A cell with one‐hop communication can directly send packets to the MS, but the ARMS‐EGR routing protocol has been proposed for multihop communication. The proposed approach is simulated in NS‐2.35 software. The results show that end‐to‐end latency and power consumption during packet transmission are greatly minimized. ARMS‐EGR also demonstrates improvements in message success rates, number of alive nodes, and packet delivery ratio, making ARMS‐EGR particularly suitable for flying ad hoc networks (FANETs).