bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central posterior hyaloid fibrosis: evolution and outcomes
Authors: Venkatesh Ramesh , Handa Ashit , Prabhu Vishma , Chitturi Sai Prashanti , Joshi Aishwarya , Acharya Isha , Mangla Rubble , Yadav Naresh Kumar , Chhablani Jay 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To report contributory factors and clinical outcomes of central posterior hyaloid fibrosis (CPHF) associated with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods
In this retrospective, single-center study, patients with CPHF and nAMD were included. Demographic and imaging characteristics, as well as the anatomical and functional outcomes, of these patients were analysed.

Results
We identified 530 eyes in 273 patients with chronic predominantly scarred macular neovascularisation (MNV), and 32 eyes in 29 patients revealed CPHF, representing a prevalence of 6%. Patients had a mean age of 72.76 years. Before and during the development of CPHF, Type 2 MNV was observed in all eyes. At the time of MNV diagnosis, mean logMAR visual acuity was 1.308 ± 0.559 (20/407). The average time to develop CPHF was 27.3 months since the diagnosis of MNV. At the time of CPHF identification, the mean logMAR visual acuity was 1.498 ± 0.374 (20/630). RPE tear was observed in 6% (n = 2) of CPHF eyes. The average number of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections administered prior to the diagnosis of CPHF was 2.4 and after the onset of CPHF was 0.9. The final visual acuity was not significantly different at the final follow-up visit [1.304 ± 0.42 (20/402); p = 0.646].

Conclusion
Rarely observed in eyes with predominantly scarred subfoveal type 2 MNVs and extensive subretinal fibrosis, CPHF is associated with poor visual outcomes. Its presence could possibly suggest a profibrotic effect of MNV on the posterior hyaloid. Trial Registration Number: Not applicable.
Anesthetic management of a patient with achalasia, a disease with a considerable risk for aspiration under anesthesia
Authors: Haraguchi-Suzuki Keiko , Aso Chizu , Nomura Masashi , Saito Shigeru 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Achalasia is a rare condition characterized by dysfunction of esophageal motility and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. Anesthetic management of these patients is challenging due to the elevated risk of regurgitation and aspiration.

Case presentation
A 53-year-old man diagnosed with achalasia was scheduled for renal cancer surgery before esophageal myotomy. Since his severe dysphagia suggested the possibility of vomiting and aspiration under anesthesia, a stomach tube was inserted before induction of general anesthesia. After preoxygenation, rapid sequence induction was performed and an antiemetic was administered to prevent postoperative vomiting. Although anesthetic management was uneventful, the inserted stomach tube coiled up in the dilated esophagus and substantial residue was aspirated via the tube even after a prolonged fasting period.

Conclusion
Anesthesiologists should be familiar with achalasia even though it is an uncommon disease, since affected patients are at risk of regurgitation and aspiration under anesthesia.
Factors determining internal auditors’ behavioral intention to use computer-assisted auditing techniques: an extension of the UTAUT model and an empirical study
Authors: Almagrashi Ahmad , Mujalli Abdulwahab , Khan Tehmina , Attia Osama 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Computer-assisted audit techniques (CAATs) are used by auditors to automate some of their tasks. Since most transactions in accounting are computerized, auditing of accounting data follows this process as well. During the last two decades, many studies on technology acceptance have been published, and several new models proposed. This study aims to develop and empirically test a model to predict the factors affecting internal auditors’ behavioral intentions regarding CAATs.

Design/methodology/approach
This study explored the behavioral intention to use CAATs from the perspective of internal auditors by applying the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model. Added to this were satisfaction, trust, and organizational influence to understand people’s usage traits. Through an online survey the data were gathered from internal auditors in all Saudi public sector agencies. Structural equation modeling helped to analyze the data and support hypotheses or otherwise.

Findings
Effort expectancy, performance expectancy, social and organizational influences, facilitating conditions, trust, satisfaction, and behavioral intention are the main drivers of CAATs.

Practical implications
This study contributes to existing technology theory by expanding our understanding of the factors influencing CAATs adoption. Moreover, comprehending those determinants is extremely important to legislators. regulators and policymakers in the public sector. This study increases our knowledge about the adoption of CAATs by addressing it at the individual level instead of the organizational level. The results are consistent with the UTAUT model and deliver a practical reference for public sector officials and decision-makers involved in designing CAATs for government departments.
Intraprocedural versus next day transthoracic echocardiography following minimalist transfemoral TAVI
Authors: Savvoulidis Panagiotis , Nadir M. Adnan , Moody William E. , Steeds Richard , Ludman Peter F. , Bradley Joseph R. , Singh Aldrin , Lawton Ewa , Doshi Sagar N. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Routine pre-discharge echocardiography (ECHO) is recommended post transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) as a baseline for future comparison. However, there is no clear guidance on the optimal timing of this study.

Aim
The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the safety and work-force efficiency of intraprocedural same-day ECHO versus next-day ECHO, following transfemoral TAVI.

Methods and results
In this retrospective study 100 consecutive patients who underwent intraprocedural ECHO only were compared with 100 consecutive patients undergoing both intraprocedural and routine next-day ECHO following elective transfemoral TAVI. All patients received the Sapien 3/Ultra transcatheter heart valve and were treated with a minimalist procedure with conscious sedation. The composite of in-hospital mortality, urgent ECHO and new tamponade after leaving the cath lab and before discharge was not different between the two groups (4 vs. 4%, P = 1). There was no paravalvular leak more than mild in any of the cases. Length of stay was similar (1 day).

Conclusions
Intraprocedural post-TAVI ECHO appears as safe as next day pre-discharge ECHO and obviates the need for a routine next day study, thereby reducing burden on echocardiography services and allows better utilisation of resources.
Multiple-frequency attribute blending via adaptive uniform manifold approximation and projection and its application on hydrocarbon reservoir delineation
Authors: Liu Naihao , Zhang Zezhou , Zhang Haoran , Wang Zhiguo , Gao Jinghuai , Liu Rongchang , Zhang Nan 
Published: September 2023

Multifrequency attribute blending is a highly effective tool for characterizing hydrocarbon reservoirs. It begins by extracting multifrequency attributes of seismic data based on time-frequency transformation. Subsequently, a blending algorithm is used to fuse the extracted multifrequency components, thereby obtaining the interpretation results of the interested reservoirs. The red-green-blue (RGB) algorithm is commonly used to fuse the multifrequency components. However, it should be noted that the RGB blending algorithm can only fuse three frequency components, i.e., the low-, middle-, and high-frequency components. Moreover, it can occasionally introduce ambiguities, making it difficult to interpret areas that appear white or yellow. To address these issues, we develop a workflow for multiple-frequency component analysis to delineate hydrocarbon reservoirs. First, we apply the generalized S-transform to obtain the multiple-frequency components of seismic data. Then, the correlation analysis is developed and implemented to select the sensitive frequency components. Finally, we use the uniform manifold approximation and projection, a nonlinear dimension reduction algorithm, to blend the extracted multiple-frequency components and obtain reservoir interpretation results. We apply the suggested workflow to synthetic data and a 3D field data volume to evaluate its effectiveness. Our mathematical analysis demonstrates that the suggested workflow can effectively fuse multiple-frequency components to accurately characterize hydrocarbon reservoirs.
The Klein-Gordon and Dirac oscillators with generalized Dunkl derivative
Authors: Rouabhia N. , Merad M. , Hamil B. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this research, we shall present the Klein-Gordon and Dirac oscillators in the framework of the generalized Dunkl derivative with two parameters by using the Cartesian coordinates, the eigenvalues of energy and eigenfunctions are obtained. The thermodynamic properties are discussed and plotted graphically.
Loss of zebrafish pkd1l1 causes biliary defects that have implications for biliary atresia splenic malformation
Authors: Ali Rouknuddin Q. , Meyer-Miner Anne , David-Rachel Marie , Lee Fiona J. H. , Wilkins Benjamin J. , Karpen Saul J. , Ciruna Brian , Ghanekar Anand , Kamath Binita M. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Biliary atresia is a fibroinflammatory neonatal disease with no effective therapies. A subset of cases (10-20%) is associated with laterality defects – labeled biliary atresia splenic malformation (BASM) syndrome. Recently, whole-exome sequencing of patients with BASM identified deleterious variants in PKD1L1. PKD1L1 is involved in left-right axis determination; however, its role in cholangiocytes is unknown. We generated the pkd1l1hsc117 allele using CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis in zebrafish to determine the role of Pkd1l1 in biliary development and function. Wild-type and mutant larvae were assessed for laterality defects, biliary function and biliary tree architecture at 5 days post fertilization. pkd1l1hsc117 mutant larvae exhibited early left-right patterning defects. The gallbladder was positioned on the left in 47% of mutants compared to 4% of wild-type larvae. Accumulation of PED6 in the gallbladder, an indicator of hepatobiliary function, was significantly reduced in pkd1l1hsc117 mutants (46%) compared to wild-type larvae (4%). pkd1l1hsc117 larvae exhibited fewer biliary epithelial cells and reduced density of the intrahepatic biliary network compared to those in wild-type larvae. These data highlight the essential role of pkd1l1 in normal development and function of the zebrafish biliary system, supporting a role for this gene as a cause of BASM.
The E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP drives monoubiquitylation-mediated nuclear import of the tumor suppressor PTEN
Authors: Chakraborty Shrabastee , Karmakar Subhajit , Basu Malini , Kal Satadeepa , Ghosh Mrinal K. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Monoubiquitylation is a principal mechanism driving nuclear translocation of the protein PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten). In this study, we describe a novel mechanism wherein the protein CHIP (C-terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein) mediates PTEN monoubiquitylation, leading to its nuclear import. Western blot analysis revealed a rise in both nuclear and total cellular PTEN levels under monoubiquitylation-promoting conditions, an effect that was abrogated by silencing CHIP expression. We established time-point kinetics of CHIP-mediated nuclear translocation of PTEN using immunocytochemistry and identified a role of karyopherin α1 (KPNA1) in facilitating nuclear transport of monoubiquitylated PTEN. We further established a direct interaction between CHIP and PTEN inside the nucleus, with CHIP participating in either polyubiquitylation or monoubiquitylation of nuclear PTEN. Finally, we showed that oxidative stress enhanced CHIP-mediated nuclear import of PTEN, which resulted in increased apoptosis, and decreased cell viability and proliferation, whereas CHIP knockdown counteracted these effects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report elucidating non-canonical roles for CHIP on PTEN, which we establish here as a nuclear interacting partner of CHIP.
Trophoblast organoids with physiological polarity model placental structure and function
Authors: Yang Liheng , Liang Pengfei , Yang Huanghe , Coyne Carolyn B. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Human trophoblast organoids (TOs) are a three-dimensional ex vivo culture model that can be used to study various aspects of placental development, physiology and pathology. However, standard culturing of TOs does not recapitulate the cellular orientation of chorionic villi in vivo given that the multi-nucleated syncytiotrophoblast (STB) develops largely within the inner facing surfaces of these organoids (STBin). Here, we developed a method to culture TOs under conditions that recapitulate the cellular orientation of chorionic villi in vivo. We show that culturing STBin TOs in suspension with gentle agitation leads to the development of TOs containing the STB on the outer surface (STBout). Using membrane capacitance measurements, we determined that the outermost surface of STBout organoids contain large syncytia comprising &gt;50 nuclei, whereas STBin organoids contain small syncytia (&lt;10 nuclei) and mononuclear cells. The growth of TOs under conditions that mimic the cellular orientation of chorionic villi in vivo thus allows for the study of a variety of aspects of placental biology under physiological conditions.
Analysis of C9orf72 repeat expansions in Georgian patients with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Authors: Kekenadze Mariam , Rocca Clarissa , Turchetti Valentina , Nagy Sara , Kvirkvelia Nana , Vashadze Shorena , Kvaratskhelia Eka , Beridze Maia , Kaiyrzhanov Rauan , Houlden Henry 
Published: September 2023

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the upper and lower motor neurons. Several genetic risk factors have been identified in the past decade with a hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene being the most significant. However, the presence of C9orf72 repeat expansion has not been examined in the Transcaucasian region, therefore we aimed to analyze its frequency in Georgian patients with ALS. Methods: We included 64 self-reported Georgian patients with ALS from different parts of the country, fulfilling the Gold Coast criteria. To investigate the presence of an expanded GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat in the non-coding region of the C9orf72 gene, we performed Repeat-Primed PCR (RP-PCR). Results: In total, 64 sporadic and two familial ALS cases were identified. Patients were aged 26 to 84 years with a mean age of 58.3 years at disease onset. Bulbar onset was observed in 21.88%, upper limb onset in 34.38%, and lower limb onset in 43.75% of the patients. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) fulfilling the Strong criteria was diagnosed in seven patients (10.94%). C9orf72 repeat expansion was detected in only one case using RP-PCR; the patient had a family history of dementia. Conclusions: Our results indicate that C9orf72 hexanucleotide expansion does not belong to the major genetic risk factor of ALS in Georgian patients. Further genetic studies in a bigger study population are needed to reveal the genetic causes of ALS in the Transcaucasian population.
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children - a resource for COVID-19 research: questionnaire data capture July 2021 to December 2021, with a focus on long COVID
Authors: Northstone Kate , Suarez-Perez Almudena , Matthews Sarah , Crawford Michael , Timpson Nicholas 
Published: September 2023

ALSPAC, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children is a prospective population-based cohort study. Pregnant women were recruited in 1990-1992 and the study has followed them, their partners (Generation 0; G0) and their offspring (Generation 1; G1) for over 30 years. During the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, ALSPAC deployed a series of online questionnaires to capture participant experiences during this unprecedented time. In July 2021, a fifth questionnaire was deployed which primarily focussed on the symptoms of long COVID, also known as post-COVID syndrome. G0 and G1 participants were offered both online and paper questionnaires between 21st July 2021 and 11th December 2021. Of 21,138 invitations, 11,148 (52.8%) participants returned the questionnaire (4,763 original mothers [mean age 59.1 years], 2,074 original fathers/partners [mean age 62.0 years] and 4,311 offspring [mean age 29.0 years]). Of these 11,148 participants, 2835 (25.4%) had not completed any of the previous COVID-19 questionnaires, while 3480 (31.2%) had returned all four previous questionnaires. In this questionnaire, 1077 participants (9.8%) reported a previous positive COVID-19 test over the course of the pandemic. Of these, 109 (1.0%) had received medical advice that they likely had COVID-19, and 838 (7.6%) suspected that they had had COVID-19. Almost a third of participants (n=796, 31.1%) reported possible long COVID (experiencing symptoms for at least 4 weeks), whilst 351 (13.7%) reported symptom duration of 12 weeks or more (post-COVID syndrome). G0 mothers were more likely to report a longer duration of symptoms compared to their partners and their children. The fifth COVID-19 questionnaire deployed by ALSPAC and the data obtained from are described in this data note.
Conflicted Analysts and Initial Coin Offerings
Authors: Barth Andreas , Laturnus Valerie , Mansouri Sasan , Wagner Alexander F. 
Published: September 2023

This paper studies the contribution of analysts to the functioning and failure of the market for initial coin offerings (ICOs). The assessments of freelancing analysts exhibit biases because of reciprocal interactions of analysts with ICO team members. Even favorably rated ICOs tend to fail raising some capital when a greater portion of their ratings reciprocate prior ratings. Ninety days after listing on an exchange, the market capitalization relative to the initial funds raised is smaller for tokens with more reciprocal ratings. These findings suggest that conflicts of interest help explain the failure of ICOs. This paper was accepted by Bruno Biais, Special Section of Management Science: Blockchains and Crypto Economics. Funding: A. Barth acknowledges financial support from the Chaire Fintech at University Paris Dauphine - PSL. A. F. Wagner acknowledges financial support from the University of Zurich Research Priority Program “Financial market regulation.” This paper was initiated when A. F. Wagner was visiting the Center for Advanced Studies on the Foundations of Law and Finance, funded by the German Research Foundation under the project FOR 2774 at Goethe University Frankfurt. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.02928 .
Selecting Cover Images for Restaurant Reviews: AI vs. Wisdom of the Crowd
Authors: Khern-am-nuai Warut , So Hyunji , Cohen Maxime C. , Adulyasak Yossiri 
Published: September 2023

Problem definition: Restaurant review platforms, such as Yelp and TripAdvisor, routinely receive large numbers of photos in their review submissions. These photos provide significant value for users who seek to compare restaurants. In this context, the choice of cover images (i.e., representative photos of the restaurants) can greatly influence the level of user engagement on the platform. Unfortunately, selecting these images can be time consuming and often requires human intervention. At the same time, it is challenging to develop a systematic approach to assess the effectiveness of the selected images. Methodology/results: In this paper, we collaborate with a large review platform in Asia to investigate this problem. We discuss two image selection approaches, namely crowd-based and artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems. The AI-based system we use learns complex latent image features, which are further enhanced by transfer learning to overcome the scarcity of labeled data. We collaborate with the platform to deploy our AI-based system through a randomized field experiment to carefully compare both systems. We find that the AI-based system outperforms the crowd-based counterpart and boosts user engagement by 12.43%–16.05% on average. We then conduct empirical analyses on observational data to identify the underlying mechanisms that drive the superior performance of the AI-based system. Managerial implications: Finally, we infer from our findings that the AI-based system outperforms the crowd-based system for restaurants with (i) a longer tenure on the platform, (ii) a limited number of user-generated photos, (iii) a lower star rating, and (iv) lower user engagement during the crowd-based system. Funding: The authors acknowledge financial support from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council [Grant 430-2020-00106]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2021.0531 .
Comparison of survival analysis approaches to modelling age at first sex among youth in Kisesa Tanzania
Authors: Materu Jacqueline , Konje Eveline T. , Urassa Mark , Marston Milly , Boerma Ties , Todd Jim 
Published: September 2023

Background
Many studies analyze sexual and reproductive event data using descriptive life tables. Survival analysis has better power to estimate factors associated with age at first sex (AFS), but proportional hazards models may not be right model to use. This study used accelerated failure time (AFT) models, restricted Mean Survival time model (RMST) models, with semi and non-parametric methods to assess age at first sex (AFS), factors associated with AFS, and verify underlying assumptions for each analysis.

Methods
Self-reported sexual debut data was used from respondents 15–24 years in eight cross-sectional surveys between 1994–2016, and from adolescents’ survey in an observational community study (2019–2020) in northwest Tanzania. Median AFS was estimated in each survey using non-parametric and parametric models. Cox regression, AFT parametric models (exponential, gamma, generalized gamma, Gompertz, Weibull, log-normal and log-logistic), and RMST were used to estimate and identify factors associated with AFS. The models were compared using Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC), where lower values represent a better model fit.

Results
The results showed that in every survey, the Cox regression model had higher AIC and BIC compared to the other models. Overall, AFT had the best fit in every survey round. The estimated median AFS using the parametric and non-parametric methods were close. In the adolescent survey, log-logistic AFT showed that females and those attending secondary and higher education level had a longer time to first sex (Time ratio (TR) = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06, TR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.08, respectively) compared to males and those who reported not being in school. Cell phone ownership (TR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91–0.96), alcohol consumption (TR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84–0.93), and employed adolescents (TR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.98) shortened time to first sex.

Conclusion
The AFT model is better than Cox PH model in estimating AFS among the young population.