bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Facial Trauma Scars After Treating by Refining Plastic Surgery Techniques: A Follow-Up Study
Authors: Wu Yibing , Hua Zuguang , Xiang Yang , Zhu Shengqian , Chen Weiwei , Wei Peng 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Although early debridement and refining plastic surgery techniques have been shown to be effective in the treatment of facial scars after trauma, their postoperative outcomes have not been quantitatively evaluated by the relevant Scar Cosmesis Assessment and Rating (SCAR) Scale. This study was designed to provide a fair assessment of the appearance and local symptoms of scars after treatment by refining plastic surgery techniques and to share the operational skills of surgical repairs.

Patients and Methods:
Patients who received refining plastic surgery techniques were followed up, and facial scars were taken as high-definition photos, which were presented to 6 professional observers, 6 lay observers, and patients themselves to score the facial scars, including: scar spread, erythema, dyspigmentation, track marks or suture marks, hypertrophy/atrophy, itch and pain according to the SCAR.

Results:
There were 56 patients who met the inclusion criteria and 25 agreed to participate in the study. No hypertrophic scar was found, and all patients were satisfied with the scar control effect. The scores showed that the treatment was achieved good results in scar spread (pro group: 0.85±0.55, lay group: 0.96±0.68, patients: 0.92±0.64), erythema (pro group: 0.34±0.26, lay group: 0.45±0.37, patients: 0.32±0.48), hypertrophy/atrophy (pro group: 0.21±0.27, lay group: 0.21±0.31, patients: 0.32±0.48), and there was no significant difference in the scores of the 3 observation groups (P>0.05). However, it is difficult to eliminate dyspigmentation (pro group: 0.29±0.26, lay group: 0.30±0.30, patients: 0.40±0.50), track marks or suture marks (pro group: 0.45±0.33, lay group: 0.59±0.30, patients: 0.36±0.49). Two (8%) patients complained of itch and 1 (4%) patient complained of both itch and pain in the past 24 hours.

Conclusions:
The appearance of facial scars is satisfactory, the local symptoms are mild, and the evaluation among different aesthetics is affirmative after receiving refining plastic surgery techniques, which is just in line with the purpose of seeking beauty for the patients, and meanwhile can provide a good foundation for the comprehensive treatment of late scars, so that the treatment plan should be promoted.
ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EARLY SERUM PHOSPHATE LEVELS AND SHORT-TERM MORTALITY IN SEPTIC PATIENTS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY BASED ON MIMIC-IV
Authors: Xu Xin , Zhang Litao , Liu Wei , Li Suyan , Zhao Qian , Hua Ranliang , Xu Ning , Guo Hui , Zhao Heling 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective: The aim of the study is to explore the impact of early serum phosphate levels on the prognosis of critically ill patients with sepsis. Methods: In this retrospective large cohort study, data of patients with sepsis were obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. Patients were retrospectively divided into a control group and three study groups according to their daily serum phosphate levels within 2 days of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. A Cox regression model was used to evaluate the association between serum phosphate levels and 28-day morbidity. Results: This study included 9,691 patients diagnosed with sepsis. During the first 2 days of ICU admission, patients with hyperphosphatemia in either of the 2 days had higher 28-day mortality, while patients in the hypophosphatemia group had lower 28-day mortality (first day, 32.9% vs. 16.3%; second day, 36.3% vs. 14.7%). After adjusting for potential confounders, hyperphosphatemia was significantly associated with 28-day mortality; however, only hypophosphatemia on the second day was independently associated with reduced 28-day mortality. After stratification in the hypophosphatemia group, subgroup analysis showed that only the association between the mild hypophosphatemia group and 28-day mortality reached statistical significance (hazard ratio = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.65–0.89, P = 0.001). Conclusions: Mild hypophosphatemia might improve the short-term prognosis of patients with sepsis, and hyperphosphatemia is an independent risk factor for the outcomes of septic patients. After ICU admission, the serum phosphate levels on the second day had a better independent correlation with 28-day mortality, which prompted us to reconsider the optimal timing of phosphate evaluation.
Coexistence times in the Moran process with environmental heterogeneity
Authors: Svoboda Jakub , Tkadlec Josef , Kaveh Kamran , Chatterjee Krishnendu 
Published: March 2023

Populations evolve in spatially heterogeneous environments. While a certain trait might bring a fitness advantage in some patch of the environment, a different trait might be advantageous in another patch. Here, we study the Moran birth–death process with two types of individuals in a population stretched across two patches of size

N

, each patch favouring one of the two types. We show that the long-term fate of such populations crucially depends on the migration rate

μ

between the patches. To classify the possible fates, we use the distinction between polynomial (short) and exponential (long) timescales. We show that when

μ

is high then one of the two types fixates on the whole population after a number of steps that is only polynomial in

N

. By contrast, when

μ

is low then each type holds majority in the patch where it is favoured for a number of steps that is at least exponential in

N

. Moreover, we precisely identify the threshold migration rate

μ
⋆

that separates those two scenarios, thereby exactly delineating the situations that support long-term coexistence of the two types. We also discuss the case of various cycle graphs and we present computer simulations that perfectly match our analytical results.
Thalamic neurons drive distinct forms of motor asymmetry that are conserved in teleost and dependent on visual evolution
Authors: Starkey Jacob , Hageter John , Kozol Rob , Emmerich Kevin , Mumm Jeff S. , Duboué Erik R. , Horstick Eric J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBrain laterality is a prominent feature in Bilateria, where neural functions are favored in a single brain hemisphere. These hemispheric specializations are thought to improve behavioral performance and are commonly observed as sensory or motor asymmetries, such as handedness in humans. Despite its prevalence, our understanding of the neural and molecular substrates instructing functional lateralization is limited. Moreover, how functional lateralization is selected for or modulated throughout evolution is poorly understood. While comparative approaches offer a powerful tool for addressing this question, a major obstacle has been the lack of a conserved asymmetric behavior in genetically tractable organisms. Previously, we described a robust motor asymmetry in larval zebrafish. Following the loss of illumination, individuals show a persistent turning bias that is associated with search pattern behavior with underlying functional lateralization in the thalamus. This behavior permits a simple yet robust assay that can be used to address fundamental principles underlying lateralization in the brain across taxa. Here, we take a comparative approach and show that motor asymmetry is conserved across diverse larval teleost species, which have diverged over the past 200 million years. Using a combination of transgenic tools, ablation, and enucleation, we show that teleosts exhibit two distinct forms of motor asymmetry, vision-dependent and - independent. These asymmetries are directionally uncorrelated, yet dependent on the same subset of thalamic neurons. Lastly, we leverageAstyanaxsighted and blind morphs, which show that fish with evolutionarily derived blindness lack both retinal-dependent and -independent motor asymmetries, while their sighted surface conspecifics retained both forms. Our data implicate that overlapping sensory systems and neuronal substrates drive functional lateralization in a vertebrate brain that are likely targets for selective modulation during evolution.
Faculty participation in open access repositories (OARs) based on their individual traits
Authors: Tmava Ahmet Meti , Ryza Sara 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
The number of open access repositories (OARs) has been growing globally, but faculty members have been reluctant to embrace OAR and submit their work. While there are studies that looked at sociotechnical factors that affect faculty participation in OARs, this study aims to explore how the individual characteristics of faculty might impact faculty willingness to deposit their work in an OAR.

Design/methodology/approach
The survey was distributed to all faculty at a large public university in the USA who were identified as having their primary job responsibilities in teaching and research. This study used a correlational analysis between faculty individual characteristics (i.e. age, rank, status and academic discipline) and their willingness to deposit their work.

Findings
The findings show that there is a difference in faculty familiarity with open access (OA) principles and faculty awareness of OA policy based on individual characteristics. Furthermore, these individual characteristics have a significant impact on faculty willingness to participate in OARs. While this study reveals a significant correlation between the faculty intent to deposit and the respondent’s academic discipline, rank and status, there are other factors that affect faculty intent to participate in OAR, such as familiarity with OA principles and awareness of institution’s OA Policy.

Research limitations/implications
There were no significant responses from the Colleges of Science or Health and Public Service and, therefore, did not yield any statistically significant results. Measuring the university’s promotion system was outside the scope of this research.

Practical implications
Results of this research can provide insight on how individual characteristics of faculty might impact their willingness to embrace OA publishing in general and OARs in particular.

Social implications
The findings from this research will be a valuable source of information for librarians and OA staff in developing more effective outreach programs to increase faculty participation in OA and OARs.

Originality/value
This study reveals that individual faculty traits do have an impact on faculty willingness to participate in OARs. The academic discipline was found to make the most significant difference in faculty intent to deposit their work in an OAR. However, due to the ever-changing landscape of OA publishing and the ongoing outreach efforts by librarians, the faculty members’ perception and participation in OARs is likely to evolve.
The development of the sustainable innovation capabilities construct using grounded theory: evidence from Chinese equipment manufacturers
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Yi , Chen Shuguang 
Published: March 2023

PurposeInfluenced by factors such as fluctuations in market supply and demand and the rapid development of new technologies, manufacturing companies are facing greater challenges to transform and upgrade. The existing relevant studies about sustainable innovation capabilities mostly focus on classification of innovation or from a static resource-based view and less on quantitative measurement from a dynamic perspective and inter-organizational relationships. This paper takes a dynamic capabilities and social capital theory, explore the concept and dimensions of sustainable innovation capabilities and then makes development of a new scale.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methodologies to develop a measure of sustainable innovation capabilities in two studies. Grounded theory methodology is used to explore the concept definition and dimensions of sustainable innovation capabilities. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis are conducted to refine and validate the factor structure, and then the authors developed the sustainable innovation capabilities scale.FindingsThe results show that sustainable innovation capabilities composed of ideation capabilities, opportunity capture capabilities, agile learning, creative inheritance and networking capabilities. The sustainable innovation capabilities that firms should possess are reflected at the firm level and inter-organizational relationship level, and the culture-specific dimension of creative inheritance reflects the influence of national and organizational culture.Originality/valueThe research reveals the internal driving force of the manufacturer's sustainable innovation capabilities, as well as the role and uniqueness embodied in the specific culture, providing a new perspective for improving the manufacturer's sustainable innovation capabilities.
Generativity development among college students who mentor: a sequential multimethod quantitative study
Authors: Sunderman Hannah M. , Hastings Lindsay J. 
Published: March 2023

PurposeGenerativity, defined as care for the next generation, is a hallmark of developmental theory (Erikson, 1950). Mentoring is an antecedent to generativity (Doerwald et al., 2021), with college students who mentor demonstrating higher generativity than their peers (Hastings et al., 2015). Yet no research has studied generativity development longitudinally among college students who mentor. This paper aims to discuss the aforementioned issue.Design/methodology/approachUsing MANCOVA analyses, Study 1 (N = 91) cross-sectionally examined the influence of years spent mentoring on generativity levels among college students who mentor in the USA. Study 2 (N = 44) employed growth curve analyses (GCA) in multilevel modeling (MLM) to analyze longitudinal changes in generativity over three timepoints, each one year apart, while accounting for the influence of gender.FindingsAlthough the results of the MANCOVA analyses in Study 1 were nonsignificant, Study 2 revealed a significant and positive increase in generative behavior. Specifically, generative behavior (e.g. teaching a skill or serving as a role model; McAdams and de St. Aubin, 1992) increased by 3.26 points, indicating that participants may have moved, for example, from performing a generative behavior never during the past two months to performing it more than once.Originality/valueThe current study advances the fields of college student development and mentoring by arguing for the utilization of mentoring interventions among college students to increase generativity and calling for changes to generativity measurement among collegiate populations.
Surfing with the tides: how digitalization creates firm performance through supply chain entrainment
Authors: Yu Wantao , Wong Chee Yew , Chavez Roberto , Jacobs Mark 
Published: March 2023

PurposeDigitally oriented firms are faced with new opportunities and risks in today’s ever-changing world. Drawing upon organisational entrainment theory, this study investigates how supply chain (SC) entrainment improves the effects of digital orientation on firm performance through absorbing risks and exploiting opportunities.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from 307 Chinese manufactures and analysed using structural equation modelling and regression analysis.FindingsThe results show digital orientation absorbs risk through evoking three SC entrainment dimensions (i.e. internal entrainment, entrainment with customers and entrainment with suppliers). Entrainment with customers and suppliers mediate the relationship between internal entrainment and firm performance. An opportunity exploitation mechanism is evidenced by the moderating effects of internal and external entrainment on the relationship between digital orientation and firm performance.Practical implicationsThe empirical findings provide timely insights for managers to fully harness the benefits of digital orientation by using SC entrainment, i.e. to match the tempo and pace of internal and external cyclical activities to reduce the risks and increase the benefits of adopting advanced digital technologies. The authors show managers how to adjust their organization’s actions to keep tempo and synchronous phase with their SC partners.Originality/valueThe study introduces and conceptualizes a construct (i.e. SC entrainment) to understand how risks and opportunities arising from digital transformation can be addressed to maximize the value of advanced digital technologies.
Examining the effect of business model innovation on crisis management: the mediating role of entrepreneurial capability, resilience and business performance
Authors: Salamzadeh Aidin , Mortazavi Samira , Hadizadeh Morteza , Braga Vitor 
Published: March 2023

PurposeThe onset of a crisis demands that businesses respond quickly and effectively. So, it might be helpful to examine the effect of business model innovation and how to increase its impact on better crisis management. This study aims to discuss the aforementioned objectives.Design/methodology/approachThe present study is applied in terms of aim and a quantitative descriptive survey regarding the data collection method. The structural equation model with the partial least squares approach and Smart PLS 3 software was used for the structural analysis of the questionnaire.FindingsThe findings revealed that business model innovation could lead to better crisis management. In addition, the components of entrepreneurial capability, resilience and business performance played a mediating role.Research limitations/implicationsSome factors may mediate the effect of business model innovation on crisis management. Thus, future research can investigate them and identify their impact.Practical implicationsThe present study suggests that managers should re-examine business model processes and make them innovative to improve crisis management.Originality/valueThe present study examines the factors that affect crisis management with an emphasis on innovation, assesses the impact of mediating factors in this regard and attempts to provide a model to facilitate better crisis management.
Geography, Race, and Nation, in Agostino Codazzi's Transatlantic Experiences (1793–1859)
Authors: MORELLI FEDERICA 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThrough the analysis of Agostino Codazzi's experiences in the Atlantic, this article aims at underlining the strong connection between Latin America and the Italian peninsula in the nineteenth century as well as his role in the emergence and development of geography. An officer in the Napoleonic army in Italy and later an exile in Latin America, Codazzi mapped the territories of Venezuela and New Granada (Colombia), arose from the dissolution of the Spanish monarchy, thusly contributing to the building of the new nation‐states. The analysis will focus on a collection hold in the National Library of Turin, which is part of the material produced by the Chorographic Commission of New Granada between 1851 and 1859. This material will allow us to understand the Atlantic as a space of mutual connections and interdependencies between Europe and Americas in the elaboration and development of modern disciplines and sciences, such as geography, as well as in the construction of national imageries.
Information about Climate Change Mitigation: What Do Farmers Think?
Authors: Läpple Doris 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe adoption of new practices by farmers is one of the key strategies to lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from food production. In this context, effective knowledge transfer systems are essential to inform farmers about climate change, and to convince them of the benefits of new technologies. In this article, farmers’ opinions about climate change, their own efforts to mitigate climate change, and their suggestions on how to improve agricultural advice were assessed. To this end, a survey with over 500 livestock farmers was conducted in Ireland. The findings reveal a high awareness of the urgency to address climate change in general, but many farmers also think agricultural GHG emissions are an overstated problem. In addition, half of the surveyed farmers believe that implementing GHG mitigation measures will lower their profits. These findings underline the need to provide effective knowledge transfer to facilitate the uptake of GHG mitigation measures. When asking farmers directly, by way of text analysis, it emerges that simple messages, group and practical advice that is tailored to individual farming situations is important to farmers. As such, this article provides important insights that are of relevance for designing advisory campaigns to promote climate change mitigation.
Comparison of the colonization ability of Burkholderia strain B23 in the citrus rhizoplane and rhizosphere and assessment of the underlying mechanisms using full‐length 16S rDNA amplicon and metatranscriptomic analyses
Authors: Wang Yu , Duan Shuo , Xu Jin , Long Yunfei , Zhang Siyu , Li Shixin , Wu Lijuan , Zhang Yunzeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe characterization of bacterial strains with efficient root colonization ability and the mechanisms responsible for their efficient colonization is critical for the identification and application of beneficial bacteria. In this study, we found that Burkholderia strain B23 exhibited a strong niche differentiation between the rhizosphere and rhizoplane (a niche with more abundant easy‐to‐use nutrients but stronger selective pressures compared with the tightly adjacent rhizosphere) when inoculated into the field‐grown citrus trees. Full‐length 16S rDNA amplicon analysis demonstrated that the relative abundance of B23 in the rhizoplane microbiome at 3, 5, and 9 days post‐inoculation (dpi) was always higher than that at 1 dpi, whereas its relative abundance in the rhizosphere microbiome was decreased continuously, as demonstrated by a 3.18‐fold decrease at 9 dpi compared to 1 dpi. Time‐series comparative expression profiling of B23 between the rhizoplane and rhizosphere was performed at representative time points (1, 3, and 9 dpi) through metatranscriptomic analysis, and the results demonstrated that multiple genes involved in the uptake and utilization of easy‐to‐use carbohydrates and amino acids and those involved in metabolism, energy production, replication, and translation were upregulated in the rhizoplane compared with the rhizosphere at 1 dpi and 3 dpi. Several genes involved in resistance to plant‐ and microbial competitor‐derived stresses exhibited higher expression activities in the rhizoplane compared with the rhizosphere. Furthermore, gene loci responsible for the biosynthesis of the key antifungal and antibacterial metabolites occidiofungin and ornibactin were induced, and their expression levels remained relatively stable from 3 dpi to 9 dpi in the rhizoplane but not in the rhizosphere. Collectively, our findings provide novel lights into the mechanisms underlying the root colonization of the inoculated bacterial strains and serve as a basis for the identification of strains with efficient colonization ability, thus contributing to the development of beneficial bacteria applications.