bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of high-intensity interval exercise on cardiac troponin elevation when comparing with moderate-intensity continuous exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Shuoqi , Shaharudin Shazlin , Cirer-Sastre Rafel , Li Feifei , Abdul Manaf Faizal , Mohd Shukri Mohd Faiz 
Published: January 2023

Background
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) with different recovery modes versus moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on cardiac troponin (cTn) elevation.

Methodology
A literature search was conducted in four databases: Scopus, PubMed, EBSCO and Web of Science from January 2010 to June 2022. The articles were screened, evaluated for quality before data were extracted. The review protocol was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021245649). Standardized mean differences (SMD) of peak cTn were analyzed with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) using Revman 5.4 software.

Results
Six studies satisfied the inclusion criteria with a total of 92 and 79 participants for HIIE and MICE, respectively. Overall, there was no significant difference between HIIE and MICE in the elevation of cardiac troponin T (SMD: 0.41 [95% CI [−0.21, 1.03]], p = 0.20, I2 = 77%, p for heterogeneity <0.01). In subgroup analysis, HIIE with passive recovery elicits greater release of cardiac troponin T than MICE (SMD: 0.85 [95% CI [0.44, 1.27]], p < 0.01, I2 = 32%, p for heterogeneity = 0.22). Changes of cardiac troponin T (SMD: 0.41 [95% CI [−0.21, 1.03]], p = 0.20, I2 = 77%, p for heterogeneity < 0.01) after HIIE with active recovery were not significantly different from those of MICE.

Conclusions
There was no significant difference between HIIE and MICE in the elevation of cardiac troponin T. However, HIIE with passive recovery elicited more cardiac troponin T elevation than MICE, which should be considered when developing exercise programs.
Clinical Impact of Hydrocortisone Uses on Patient with COVID-19: A Case Report
Authors: Owhonda G. C. , Nonju T. I. , Eze-Emiri C. N. , Oris-Omini V. 
Published: January 2023

COVID-19 can cause anything from no symptoms at all to severe breathing problems, organ failure, and even death. Currently, there is no cure for COVID-19, thus treatment focuses on providing the patient with as much comfort as possible. Hydrocortisone are utilized for patients with acute respiratory disease syndrome and septic shock because they shorten the need for mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and perhaps mortality. This prospective case report study showed the intravenously administered Hydrocortisone response on a patient admitted to the Elekahia COVID-19 treatment centre, located in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The patient was a 47-year-old man of Asian descent; he presented with pneumonia-like symptoms and developed severe breathlessness. Treatment started on 6th June 2020 and ended on 16th June 2020.
There was a marked improvement in peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) after hydrocortisone intervention; respiratory rate reduced from 40 cycles per minute to 18 cycles per minute, and the patient could complete sentences without developing breathlessness, three hours after receiving the first dose of intravenous hydrocortisone.
The use of Hydrocortisone therapy could be of tremendous benefit in the treatment of COVID-19 patients who present with severe respiratory distress. Controlled randomized clinical trials are required to assess steroid use in COVID-19 treatment properly. And to assess its use as a prophylactic in the early management of severe COVID-19 cases.
Functional and Hemodynamic Efficacy of Non-Poliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment by Endonasal Electrophoresis of Tanakan
Authors: Kangilbaeva Guzal , Bakhritdinova Fazilat , Oralov Behruz , Jurabekova Aziza 
Published: January 2023

Aims: To study the effectiveness of the treatment of patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy by tanakan endonasal electrophoresis according to functional and hemodynamic data.
Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative analysis.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, clinic of Tashkent Medical Academy, between 2017 and 2020.
Methodology: We included 66 patients (123 eyes), 23 men and 43 women; age range 18-75 years with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The patients were divided into 2 groups: to receive daily tablets of Tanakan (control), or daily endonasal electrophoresis of Tanakan (main) within ten days. Before and after the course of therapy, the patients underwent determination of visual acuity, Doppler ultrasound imaging of the eye and computer static perimetry.
Results: Improvements in visual acuity were observed in 87,3% of the main group patients, and in 22% of the control group. Statistically significant increase in blood flow velocity and a decrease in the resistance index were observed in the main group (P < 0.05). Retinal photosensitivity increased by 22% in the main group, and by 10% in the control group. The mean deviation from the age norm decreased by 33% in the main group and by 12% in the control group. Among the patients of the main group, 30% experienced a decrease in absolute scotomas and 100% in relative scotomas. Among the patients of the control group, 21% and 83% experienced a decrease in absolute and relative scotomas, respectively.
Conclusion: Treatment with tanakan endonasal electrophoresis significantly improved visual acuity, eye hemodynamics, and retinal photosensitivity. This treatment is more effective than the traditional use of ginkgo- biloba tablets.
Stability of dosiomic features against variations in dose calculation: An analysis based on a cohort of prostate external beam radiotherapy patients
Authors: Sun Lingyue , Smith Wendy , Kirkby Charles 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionInterest in using higher order features of the planned 3D dose distributions (i.e., dosiomics) to predict radiotherapy outcomes is growing. This is driving many retrospective studies where historical data are mined to train machine learning models; however, recent decades have seen considerable advances in dose calculation that could have a direct impact on the dosiomic features such studies seek to extract. Is it necessary to recalculate planned dose distributions using a common algorithm if retrospective datasets from different institutions are included? Does a change in dose calculation grid size part way through a retrospective cohort, introduce bias in the extracted dosiomic features? The purpose of this study is to assess the stability of dosiomic features against variations in three factors: the dose calculation algorithm type, version, and dose grid size.MethodsDose distributions for 27 prostate patients who received EBRT were recalculated in the Eclipse Treatment Planning System (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, California, USA) using two algorithms (AAA and Acuros XB), two versions (version 13.6 and 15.6), and three dose grids (2, 2.5 s, and 3 mm) – 12 dose distributions for each patient. Ninety‐three dosiomic features were extracted from each dose distribution and each of the following regions‐of‐interest: high dose PTV (PTV_High), 1 cm rind around PTV_High (PTV_Ring), low dose PTV (PTV_Low), rectum, and bladder using PyRadiomics. The coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated for each dosiomic feature. Hierarchical clustering was used to group features with high and low variability. Three‐way repeated measures ANOVA was performed to investigate the effect of the three different factors on dosiomic features that were classified with high variation. Additionally, CVs were calculated for cumulative dose volume histograms (DVHs) to test their ability to detect the variations in dose distributions.ResultsFor PTV_Ring, PTV_Low, and rectum, all the dosiomic features had low CV (average CV ≤ 0.26) across the varying dose calculation conditions. For PTV_High, six dosiomic features showed CV > 0.26, and dose calculation algorithm type and grid size were the major sources of within‐patient variation. For bladder, one dosiomic feature had average CV > 0.26, but none of the three dose calculation‐related factors led to a statistically significant variation. The CVs for all the DVHs were very small (CV < 0.05).ConclusionFor all the regions‐of‐interest examined in this study, the majority of the dosiomic features were stable against variations in dose calculation; however, some of the dosiomic features for PTV_High and bladder had significant variations due to differences in dose calculation details. DVHs were detecting less variation than dosiomic features.
Advances in Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self‐powered Neuromodulation
Authors: Elsanadidy Esraa , Mosa Islam M. , Luo Dan , Xiao Xiao , Chen Jun , Wang Zhong Lin , Rusling James F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAdvances in implantable bioelectronics for the nervous system are reinventing the stimulation, inhibition, and sensing of neuronal activity. These efforts promise not just breakthrough treatments of several neurological and psychiatric conditions but also signal the beginning of a new era of computer‐controlled human therapeutics. Batteries remain the major power source for all implanted electrical neuromodulation devices, which impairs miniaturization and necessitates replacement surgery when the battery is drained. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have recently emerged as an innovative power solution for self‐powered, closed loop electrical neurostimulation devices. TENGs can leverage the biomechanical activities of different body organs to sustainably generate electricity for electrical neurostimulation. This review features advances in TENGs as they pave the way for self‐sustainable closed loop neurostimulation. A comprehensive review of TENG research for the neurostimulation of brain, autonomic, and somatic nervous systems is provided. The direction of growth of this field, publication trends, and modes of TENG in implantable bioelectronics are also discussed. Finally, an insightful outlook into challenges facing self‐sustainable neuromodulators to reach clinical practice is provided, and solutions for neurological maladies are proposed.
A Machine‐Learning‐Based Approach for Solving Atomic Structures of Nanomaterials Combining Pair Distribution Functions with Density Functional Theory
Authors: Kløve Magnus , Sommer Sanna , Iversen Bo B. , Hammer Bjørk , Dononelli Wilke 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDetermination of crystal structures of nanocrystalline or amorphous compounds is a great challenge in solid‐state chemistry and physics. Pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of X‐ray or neutron total scattering data has proven to be a key element in tackling this challenge. However, in most cases, a reliable structural motif is needed as a starting configuration for structure refinements. Here, an algorithm that is able to determine the crystal structure of an unknown compound by means of an on‐the‐fly trained machine learning model, which combines density functional theory calculations with comparison of calculated and measured PDFs for global optimization in an artificial landscape, is presented. Due to the nature of this landscape, even metastable configurations and stacking disorders can be identified.
Dual Topology of Dirac Electron Transport and Photogalvanic Effect in Low‐Dimensional Topological Insulator Superlattices
Authors: Xue Hao‐pu , Sun Rui , Yang Xu , Comstock Andrew , Liu Yangrui , Ge Binghui , Liu Jia‐nan , Wei Yan‐sheng , Yang Qing‐lin , Gai Xue‐song , Gong Zi‐zhao , Xie Zong‐kai , Li Na , Sun Dali , Zhang Xiang‐qun , He Wei , Cheng Zhao‐hua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDual topological insulators, simultaneously protected by time‐reversal symmetry and crystalline symmetry, open great opportunities to explore different symmetry‐protected metallic surface states. However, the conventional dual topological states located on different facets hinder integration into planar opto‐electronic/spintronic devices. Here, dual topological superlattices (TSLs) Bi2Se3‐(Bi2/Bi2Se3)N with limited stacking layer number N are constructed. Angle‐resolved photoelectron emission spectra of the TSLs identify the coexistence and adjustment of dual topological surface states on Bi2Se3 facet. The existence and tunability of spin‐polarized dual‐topological bands with N on Bi2Se3 facet result in an unconventionally weak antilocalization effect (WAL) with variable WAL coefficient α (maximum close to 3/2) from quantum transport experiments. Most importantly, it is identified that the spin‐polarized surface electrons from dual topological bands exhibit circularly and linearly polarized photogalvanic effect (CPGE and LPGE). It is anticipated that the stacked dual‐topology and stacking layer number controlled bands evolution provide a platform for realizing intrinsic CPGE and LPGE. The results show that the surface electronic structure of the dual TSLs is highly tunable and well‐regulated for quantum transport and photoexcitation, which shed light on engineering for opto‐electronic/spintronic applications.
Detailed analysis of the particle residence time distribution in a pressurized drop‐tube reactor
Authors: An Fengbo , Dai Zhenghua , Guhl Stefan , Gräbner Martin , Richter Andreas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSolid fuel conversion in a pressurized drop‐tube reactor is studied in detail using a three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The main focus is on analyzing individual particle trajectories and residence times, as these data are crucial for the precise experimental estimation of heterogeneous reaction kinetics. The numerical results were substantiated by radioactive tracer measurements carried out in different operating conditions. The numerical results reveal a complex gas flow that is affected by buoyancy due to a non‐homogeneous temperature distribution, which has a strong affect on the trajectories of particular particle size fractions. In this case, empirical residence time correlations for particles, as commonly used for the evaluation of heterogeneous kinetic measurements, lose their validity since the assumption of a plug flow is no longer valid. It can be shown that if CFD‐assisted data evaluation is used, a significant improvement in the measured heterogeneous reaction kinetics is feasible.
Job and exposure intensity among hospital cleaning staff adversely affects respiratory health
Authors: Ndlela Nana Happiness , Naidoo Rajen N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundOccupational exposure to various types of cleaning agents may increase the risk of adverse respiratory health among cleaners. This study investigated the relationship between exposure to cleaning and disinfecting agents, using a job‐task and exposure intensity metric, and respiratory outcomes among cleaners.MethodsA sample of 174 cleaners was selected from three public hospitals in Durban. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic and occupational information, and spirometry, including post‐bronchodilator measures, was conducted according to the American Thoracic Society guidelines and skin prick testing were performed. Exposure metrics for job tasks and chemical exposures were created using frequency and employment‐lifetime duration of exposure. Multivariate analysis regression models used job task and exposure intensity metrics.ResultsDoctor‐diagnosed asthma prevalence was 9.8%. Breathlessness with wheeze (22.4%) was the prevalent respiratory symptom. Positive responses to skin prick testing were seen in 74 (43.2%). There was a statistically significant increased risk for shortness of breath with exposure to quaternary ammonium compounds (odds ratio [OR]: 3.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–10.5) and breathlessness with exposure to multipurpose cleaner (OR: 0.34; CI: 0.12–0.92). The losses in percent‐predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) ranged from 0.3%–6.7%. Results among the bronchodilator‐positive (8.6%) showed lung function losses twofold greater when compared to the total study population with percentage predicted FEV1 (−22.6 %; p < 0.000).ConclusionExposure to certain cleaning and disinfectant agents adversely affects respiratory health, particularly lung function. This effect, while seen generally among cleaning workers, is more pronounced among those with pre‐existing reversible obstructive lung disease.
Deletion of first noncoding exon in ANKRD11 leads to KBG syndrome
Authors: Borja Nicholas , Zafeer Mohammad Faraz , Rodriguez Jeimy Alfonso , Morel Swols Dayna , Thorson Willa , Bademci Guney , Tekin Mustafa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhenotypic features of KBG syndrome include craniofacial anomalies, short stature, cognitive disability and behavioral findings. The syndrome is caused by heterozygous pathogenic single nucleotide variants and indels in ANKRD11, or a heterozygous deletion of 16q24.3 that includes ANKRD11. We performed genome sequencing on a patient with clinical manifestations of KBG syndrome including distinct craniofacial features as well as a history of mild intellectual disability and attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder. This led to the identification of a 43 kb intragenic deletion of ANKRD11 affecting the first noncoding exon while leaving the coding regions intact. Review of the literature shows that this is the smallest 5′ deletion affecting only the noncoding exons of ANKRD11. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that the copy number variant was not present in either of the proband's parents, suggesting it occurred de novo. RNA expression analysis demonstrated significantly decreased transcript abundance compared to controls. This provides new evidence for haploinsufficiency as a mechanism of disease in KBG syndrome.
A novel biallelic CRIPT variant in a patient with short stature, microcephaly, and distinctive facial features
Authors: Akalın Akçahan , Şimşek‐Kiper Pelin Özlem , Taşkıran Ekim Z. , Karaosmanoğlu Beren , Utine Gülen Eda , Boduroğlu Koray 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrimordial dwarfism (PD) is one of a highly heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by severe prenatal/postnatal growth restriction. Defects in various pathways such as DNA repair mechanism, impaired centrioles, abnormal IGF expression, and spliceosomal machinery may cause PD including Seckel syndrome, Silver–Russell syndrome. Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism (MOPD) types I/III, II, and Meier–Gorlin syndrome. In recent years with the wide application of exome sequencing (ES) in the field of PD, new genes involved in novel pathways causing new phenotypes have been identified. Pathogenic variants in CRIPT (MIM# 604594) encoding cysteine‐rich PDZ domain‐binding protein have recently been described in patients with PD with a unique phenotype. This phenotype is characterized by prenatal/postnatal growth restriction, facial dysmorphism, ocular abnormalities, and ectodermal findings such as skin lesions with hyper/hypopigmented patchy areas and hair abnormalities. To our knowledge, only three patients with homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in CRIPT have been reported so far. Here, we report on a male patient who presented with profound prenatal/postnatal growth restriction, developmental delay, dysmorphic facial features, and skin lesions along with the findings of bicytopenia and extensive retinal pigmentation defect. A novel truncating homozygous variant c.7_8delTG; p.(Cys3Argfs*4) was detected in CRIPT with the aid of ES. With this report, we further expand the mutational and clinical spectrum of this rare entity.
Adolescents at risk of mental health problems in the COVID‐19 pandemic: A prospective population‐based study of the effects of government mandates and school closures
Authors: Mundy Lisa K. , Canterford Louise , Dashti S. Ghazaleh , Husin Hanafi Mohamad , Beatson Ruth , Edwards Ben , Patton George C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere is increasing evidence that the COVID‐19 pandemic has had substantial mental health impacts for adolescents. Yet, few definitive studies have investigated which adolescents were at higher risk of poor mental health and well‐being during the pandemic. Data were drawn from the Childhood to Adolescence Transition Study, a prospective cohort study of students in Australia (N = 1211). Prevalence of mental health outcomes (depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, self‐harm and good subjective well‐being) was estimated in school Years 5–12, where Years 11 (2020) and 12 (2021) coincided with the pandemic. The age‐ and sex‐adjusted relative risk of each mental health outcome for each priority group during the pandemic were estimated. During the pandemic, over 50% of study participants reported depressive symptoms, and one quarter reported anxiety symptoms. There was a decrease in good subjective well‐being compared with pre‐pandemic years, while self‐harm prevalence remained similar. History of mental health problems, school disengagement and frequent peer victimisation increased the risk of experiencing mental health problems during the pandemic. Schools play a central role in maintaining the mental health and good subjective well‐being of students, and this is particularly important during periods of social disruption, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic.
The contribution of blockchain technologies to anti‐corruption practices: A systematic literature review
Authors: Trequattrini Raffaele , Palmaccio Matteo , Turco Mario , Manzari Alberto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a systematic literature review emphasising scholars' view on the impact of the adoption of blockchain technologies to fight corruption. Providing a deep understanding of the state of the art, the paper drafts implications and valuable insights to address future research. The connection of anticorruption policies and blockchain technologies has been investigated using Scopus database and ABS journal ranking. The importance assumed by anticorruption policies and the innovativeness of the blockchain technology, thanks to its characteristics of immutability, automatic timestamping and distributed architecture, needs to be investigated in an integrated perspective. This study provides for the first time a systematic connection among anticorruption practices and blockchain towards the lens of the business, management and accounting field, providing valuable implications, insights and emerging issues.
Effect of Flowering Stages on the Content of Active Ingredients and Antioxidant Capability of Bletilla striata Flowers
Authors: Wang Zhen , Liu Xinting , Wang Jie , Fan Zepeng , Shen Jiayu , Chen Yuanxing , Shao Qingsong , Zheng Ying 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f. is a perennial herb with abundant active ingredients. Previous research mainly focused on its tubers, however, the study on flowers, especially the variation of active ingredient contents at different flowering stages, was rarely seen. This study analyzed the total phenols, flavonoids, polysaccharides, anthocyanins, and cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside content of B. striata flowers which were in cultivated in Herb Garden of Zhejiang A&F University and collected in May, 2019, in order to investigate the changes in active ingredients and antioxidant capacity among different flowering stages (bud, initial, and full bloom). Changes in radical scavenging capability of DPPH (1,1‐Diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radical), ABTS (2,2′‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulphonate)), and hydroxy were analyzed. Significant differences in active ingredient content of flowers were detected among different flowering stages. The total phenolic content increased continuously during the entire flowering stage. The contents of total flavonoid, total polysaccharide, and cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside reached peaks at the initial blooming stage and then fell as the flowering process continued. The antioxidant activity in initial stage was the highest than in any other flowering stages. Therefore, we conclude that the initial blooming stage is the best harvesting stage of B. striata flowers. This study provides a robust basis for the harvest and utilization of B. striata flowers in food, medical, and cosmetic industries.