bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ion Beam Figuring System for Synchrotron X-Ray Mirrors Achieving Sub-0.2-µrad and Sub-0.5-nm Root Mean Square
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Huang Lei , Zhu Yi , Giorgio Stefano , Boccabella Philip , Bouet Nathalie , Idir Mourad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOptics with high-precision height and slope are increasingly desired in numerous industrial fields. For instance, Kirkpatrick–Baez (KB) mirrors play an important role in synchrotron X-ray applications. A KB system is composed of two aspherical, grazing-incidence mirrors used to focus an X-ray beam. The fabrication of KB mirrors is challenging due to the aspherical departure of the mirror surfaces from base geometries and the high-quality requirements for slope and height residuals. In this paper, we present the process of manufacturing an elliptical cylinder KB mirror using our in-house-developed ion beam figuring (IBF) and metrology technologies. First, the key aspects of figuring and finishing processes with IBF are illustrated in detail. The effect of positioning error on the convergence of the residual slope error is highlighted and compensated. Finally, inspection and cross-validation using different metrology instruments are performed and used as the final validation of the mirror. Results confirm that relative to the requested off-axis ellipse, the mirror has achieved 0.15-µrad root mean square (RMS) and 0.36-nm RMS residual slope and height errors, respectively, while maintaining the initial 0.3-nm RMS microroughness.
Die Rolle des Kooperativen Lernens bei der Förderung sozialer Integration: Eine Interventionsstudie
Authors: Hank Corinna , Weber Simone , Huber Christian 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie evaluierte Förderung sozialer Integration wird in Praxis und Wissenschaft gleichermaßen gefordert. Die Gestaltung hochwertiger Sozialkontakte im Sinne der Kontakthypothese zwischen Schülerinnen und Schülern stellt einen möglichen Ansatz dar, um die soziale Situation an Schulen zu verbessern. Um ebendiese hochwertigen Kontakte im Unterricht umzusetzen, wurde eine integrationsförderliche Variante des Kooperativen Lernens (IKL) entwickelt und in der vorliegenden längsschnittlichen Interventionsstudie (n = 685 Grundschulkinder aus n = 33 Klassen) im Wartekontrollgruppendesign evaluiert. Mittels mehrerer Mehrebenenmodelle konnte gezeigt werden, dass die soziale Integration für Schülerinnen und Schüler sowohl auf soziometrischer als auch auf psychometrischer Ebene verbessert werden konnte. Darüber hinaus scheinen die Effekte von IKL durch die individuelle Ausgangssituation der sozialen Integration beeinflusst zu werden. Eine Berücksichtigung verschiedener Facetten sozialer Integration und der interindividuellen Unterschiede zu Beginn der Intervention wird vor dem Hintergrund der praktischen Relevanz diskutiert.
Bidirectional Associations Between Bullying Victimization and Likeability Among Indian Adolescents
Authors: Maneiro Lorena , van Geel Mitch , Thakkar Niharika , Vedder Paul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearch suggests that well-liked adolescents are less likely to be victimized by peers whereas disliked adolescents are at an increased risk for bullying victimization. Yet, bidirectional relations between likeability and bullying victimization remain understudied, particularly in non-Western countries. The main objective of this study was to analyze the bidirectional associations between bullying victimization and likeability in a sample of Indian adolescents, using a multi-informant gender-based approach. The sample was composed of 1238 students, aged 11–16 (66.6% males), from nine schools in India. Two follow-ups were carried out, spaced three-months apart, resulting in a sample of 1006 students (72% males) in the third wave of study. Two cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) were computed separately for self- and peer-reported bullying victimization, and multiple group analyses were used to examine gender differences. The results showed a complex longitudinal interplay between victimization and likeability, which differed between boys and girls. In boys, likeability and victimization were bidirectionally related over time, with slight differences between self- and peer-reports. Among girls, only two significant relations emerged, suggesting that peer victimization could lead to rejection, and having more friends could put girls at risk for future victimization. These findings indicate that bullying victimization is a complex phenomenon in which peer acceptance and rejection play a different role for boys and girls in the Indian context.
Fabrication of PVA/graphene nanofibrous membrane infused with neem extraction for packaging and biomedical applications
Authors: Haque Syed Rashedul , Chowdhury Mohammad Asaduzzaman , Rana Md. Masud , Hossain Nayem 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGraphene nanofibrous membranes have been synthesized in the present study by combining neem with graphene and using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The nanofibrous membranes have been synthesized using an electrospinning under optimum processing conditions for food packaging and biomedical applications. The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of different organic compounds in the materials. XRD analysis confirmed the crystallinity of the fabricated materials. The minimum average diameter of the fibers was 276.9 nm, approved by the SEM images. The fabricated materials contained Al as the maximum atomic percentage confirmed by the EDX analysis. All the samples had the same top absorption rate. The addition of neem increased the thermal stability of the materials, approved by the thermal analysis. The maximum bacterial reduction rate was observed against the gram-negative bacteria strain Escherichia coli in sample R3. The results demonstrated that the synthesized nanofibrous membranes can be used for biomedical applications.
Lipidomic insights into the response of Arabidopsis sepals to mild heat stress
Authors: Chen Zican , Jasinska Weronika , Ashraf Muhammad , Rosental Leah , Hong Jung , Zhang Dabing , Brotman Yariv , Shi Jianxin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractArabidopsis sepals coordinate flower opening in the morning as ambient temperature rises; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Mutation of one heat shock protein encoding gene, HSP70-16, impaired sepal heat stress responses (HSR), disrupting lipid metabolism, especially sepal cuticular lipids, leading to abnormal flower opening. To further explore, to what extent, lipids play roles in this process, in this study, we compared lipidomic changes in sepals of hsp70-16 and vdac3 (mutant of a voltage-dependent anion channel, VDAC3, an HSP70-16 interactor) grown under both normal (22 °C) and mild heat stress (27 °C, mild HS) temperatures. Under normal temperature, neither hsp70-16 nor vdac3 sepals showed significant changes in total lipids; however, vdac3 but not hsp70-16 sepals exhibited significant reductions in the ratios of all detected 11 lipid classes, except the monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDGs). Under mild HS temperature, hsp70-16 but not vdac3 sepals showed dramatic reduction in total lipids. In addition, vdac3 sepals exhibited a significant accumulation of plastidic lipids, especially sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDGs) and phosphatidylglycerols (PGs), whereas hsp70-16 sepals had a significant accumulation of triacylglycerols (TAGs) and simultaneous dramatic reductions in SQDGs and phospholipids (PLs), such as phosphatidylcholines (PCs), phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), and phosphatidylserines (PSs). These findings revealed that the impact of mild HS on sepal lipidome is influenced by genetic factors, and further, that HSP70-16 and VDAC3 differently affect sepal lipidomic responses to mild HS. Our studies provide a lipidomic insight into functions of HSP and VDAC proteins in the plant’s HSR, in the context of floral development.
Activation of SGK1/ENaC Signaling Pathway Improves the Level of Decidualization in Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion
Authors: Di Xiaoqian , Hao Yanzhi , Duan Zibo , Ma Yucong , Cao Ying , Tan Zhanwang , Song Cuimiao , Lin Xiaohua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is one of the most common complications during pregnancy and seriously affects women's physical and mental health. About 50% of RSA cases are of unknown etiology. Our previous study found that the decidual tissue of patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) had low expression levels of serum and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase (SGK) 1. Endometrial decidualization is a key link in the early stage of pregnancy and is crucial to the development and maintenance of pregnancy. Decidualization is the proliferation and differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into deciduals, which involves a complex physiological process such as ovarian steroid hormones (estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, etc.), growth factors, and intercellular signaling. The binding of estrogen and its receptor stimulates the synthesis of endometrial deciduating markers prolactin (PRL) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1), which mediates the occurrence of decidualization. Among them, SGK1/ENaC is a signaling pathway closely related to decidualization. The purpose of this study was to further investigate the expression of SGK1 and decidualization-related molecules in the decidual tissue of URSA patients and to explore the potential mechanism of SGK1’s protective effect in URSA patients and in mouse models. Decidual tissue samples from 30 URSA patients and 30 women who actively terminated pregnancy were collected, and a URSA mouse model was established and treated with dydrogesterone. Expression levels of SGK1 and its signaling pathway-related proteins (p-Nedd4-2, 14–3-3 protein and ENaC-a), estrogen and progesterone receptors (ERβ, PR), and decidualization markers (PRLR, IGFBP-1) were assessed. Our study found that SGK1, p-Nedd4-2, 14–3-3 proteins, and ENaC-a expression levels were reduced in the decidual tissue, the SGK1/ENaC signaling pathway was inhibited, and the expression levels of the decidualization markers PRLR and IGFBP-1 were downregulated in the URSA group compared with the controls. Additionally, the concentrations of E2, P, and PRL in the serum of mice were decreased in the URSA group compared with the controls. However, SGK1/ENaC pathway-related proteins, estrogen and progesterone and their receptors, and decidualization-related molecules were upregulated by dydrogesterone. These data suggest that estrogen and progesterone can induce decidualization by activating the SGK1/ENaC signaling pathway; disruption of this pathway can lead to the development of URSA. Dydrogesterone can increase the expression level of SGK1 protein in decidual tissue.
Intraoperative Three-Dimensional Transvaginal Ultrasound for Hysteroscopic Metroplasty: a Controlled Study
Authors: Muzii Ludovico , Galati Giulia , Mattei Giulia , Romito Alessia , Di Donato Violante , Palaia Innocenza , Bogani Giorgio , Angioli Roberto 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the role of intraoperative transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) during hysteroscopic metroplasty. This is a prospective cohort of consecutive patients with septate uterus undergoing hysteroscopic metroplasty with intraoperative transvaginal 3DUS guidance compared to a historical control group of patients undergoing hysteroscopic metroplasty without 3DUS. We conducted our research in a tertiary care university hospital in Rome, Italy. This study involved nineteen patients undergoing 3DUS-guided hysteroscopic metroplasty for recurrent abortion or infertility compared to 19 age-matched controls undergoing metroplasty without 3DUS guidance. During hysteroscopic metroplasty, 3DUS was performed in the study group when the operator considered the procedure to be completed, according to standards of operative hysteroscopy. If 3DUS diagnosed a residual septum, the procedure was continued until a 3DUS diagnosis of a normal fundus was obtained. The patients were followed with a 3DUS performed 3 months after the procedure. The numbers of complete resections (residual septum absent), suboptimal resections (measurable residual septum of less than 10 mm), and incomplete resections (residual septum > 10 mm) in the intraoperative 3DUS group were compared to the numbers in the control group with no intraoperative 3DUS. At follow-up, measurable residual septa were obtained in 0% of the patients in the 3DUS-guided group versus 26% in the control group (p = 0.04). Residual septa of > 10 mm were obtained in 0% of the 3DUS group versus 10.5% in the control group (p = 0.48). Intraoperative 3DUS reduces the incidence of suboptimal septal resections at hysteroscopic metroplasty.
Occurrence of enteroviruses, noroviruses, rotaviruses, and adenoviruses in a wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Soltane Raya , Allayeh Abdou Kamal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe main objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of wastewater by molecular identification of enteroviruses, rotaviruses, and adenoviruses in wastewater samples collected from the ElSerw wastewater treatment facility in Damietta Governorate, Egypt. An additional objective is to assess the usefulness of these viruses as markers of viral reduction during wastewater treatment. A treatment facility's inflow and discharge were sampled 48 times. The incidence of enteric viruses was found in 29 wastewater samples (60.4%). 6.25% (3/48), 0% (0/48), 37.5% (18/48), and 20.8% (10/48) of the samples tested positive for enteroviruses (EVs), noroviruses, rotaviruses, and adenoviruses, respectively. Co-infections with two or more viruses were found in 10.4% (5/48) and 2% (1/48) of all cases, respectively. The viral burden in the wastewater treatment plant's discharge effluents dropped non-significantly when compared to intake samples. According to our findings, rotaviruses and adenoviruses have been found in 10 outlet effluent samples. The removal rates for enteroviruses, rotaviruses and adenoviruses were 39%, 61.5% and 33.3%, respectively. As a result of their high frequency and lower removal rates, both rotaviruses and adenoviruses were deemed an appropriate indicator of human enteric viral reduction during the wastewater treatment process.
Small elementary components of Hilbert schemes of points
Authors: Satriano Matthew , Staal Andrew P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe answer an open problem posed by Iarrobino,Hilbert scheme of points: Overview of last ten years. Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics, 46 (American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1987), 297–320: Is there a component of the punctual Hilbert scheme [Grothendieck, Techniques de construction et théorèmes d'existence en géométrie algébrique. IV. Les schémas de Hilbert',in Séminaire Bourbaki, 6 (Societe Mathematique de France, Paris, 1995), 221, 249–276]$\operatorname {\mathrm {Hilb}}^d({\mathscr {O}}_{\mathbb {A}^n,p})$with dimension less than$(n-1)(d-1)$? For each$n\geq 4$, we construct an infinite class of elementary components in$\operatorname {\mathrm {Hilb}}^d(\mathbb {A}^n)$producing such examples. Our techniques also allow us to construct an explicit example of a local Artinian ring [Iarrobino and Kanev,Power sums, Gorenstein algebras, and determinantal loci(Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999), 221–226] of the formwith trivial negative tangents, vanishing nonnegative obstruction space, and socle-dimension$2$.
Cetacean diversity of the eastern South Atlantic Ocean and Vema Seamount detected during a visual and passive acoustic survey, 2019
Authors: Elwen Simon , Fearey Jack , Ross-Marsh Erin , Thompson Kirsten , Maack Thilo , Webber Thomas , Gridley Tess 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Cetaceans in the eastern South Atlantic Ocean are poorly studied. We present results from a 2 week ship-based survey from Cape Town to Vema Seamount (980 km to the west) during October–November 2019, including visual and towed-hydrophone observations from the vessel, and 10 days of acoustic monitoring on the seamount. Fifty-two hours of visual surveys resulted in 39 encounters of whale groups including seven of humpback, six of fin and one sei whale, as well as four unidentified baleen whales, 18 unidentified balaenopterid whales and four unidentified odontocetes. Two humpback whales at the seamount were engaged in possible feeding behaviour. A large aggregation of mostly fin whales was observed near the continental shelf edge (22 encounters over a 70 × 50 km2 area, six fin, one sei whale, 15 not confirmed to species), an historic whaling ground for both fin and sei whales. Towed-hydrophone data (78.7 h) detected five groups of sperm whales, 45 of delphinids, one beaked whale and no Kogiids. Acoustic data from the seamount detected calls from several baleen whale species including humpback whale non-song calls, Antarctic minke ‘bioduck’ calls, sei whale down-sweep calls and a likely Bryde's whale call. Two call types could not be assigned to species, including the most detected – a simple frequency-modulated call with peak power around 130 Hz. This study contributes to an improved understanding of cetacean occurrence in the eastern South Atlantic Ocean and highlights the need for more research to improve identification of cetacean vocalizations in the region.
Non-personal immortality
Authors: Gäb Sebastian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article explores the concept of non-personal immortality. Non-personal theories of immortality claim that even though there is no personal or individual survival of death, it is still possible to continue to exist in a non-personal state. The most important challenge for non-personal conceptions of immortality is solving the apparent contradiction between on the one hand accepting that individual existence ends with death and on the other hand maintaining that death nevertheless is not equal to total annihilation. I present two theories of non-personal immortality found in Schopenhauer and William James and derive a set of systematic core theses from them. Finally, I discuss whether the notion of non-personal immortality is consistent, and whether a non-personal afterlife could be desirable.
Cost-effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation for the treatment of mild obstructive sleep apnea: an exploratory analysis
Authors: Liu Shan , Cao Khoa N. , Garner Abigail M. , Punjabi Naresh M. , Pietzsch Jan B. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the potential cost-effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for treatment of mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods
A decision-analytic Markov model was developed to estimate health state progression, incremental cost, and quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gain of NMES compared to no treatment, continuous airway pressure (CPAP), or oral appliance (OA) treatment. The base case assumed no cardiovascular (CV) benefit for any of the interventions, while potential CV benefit was considered in scenario analyses. Therapy effectiveness was based on a recent multi-center trial for NMES, and on the TOMADO and MERGE studies for OA and CPAP. Costs, considered from a United States payer perspective, were projected over lifetime for a 48-year-old cohort, 68% of whom were male. An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) threshold of USD150,000 per QALY gained was applied.

Results
From a baseline AHI of 10.2 events/hour, NMES, OA and CPAP reduced the AHI to 6.9, 7.0 and 1.4 events/hour respectively. Long-term therapy adherence was estimated at 65-75% for NMES and 55% for both OA and CPAP. Compared to no treatment, NMES added between 0.268 and 0.536 QALYs and between USD7,481 and USD17,445 in cost, resulting in ICERs between USD15,436 and USD57,844 per QALY gained. Depending on long-term adherence assumptions, either NMES or CPAP were found to be the preferred treatment option, with NMES becoming more attractive with younger age and assuming CPAP was not used for the full night in all patients.

Conclusions
NMES might be a cost-effective treatment option for patients with mild OSA.
Focusing on potential named entities during active label acquisition
Authors: Şapcı Ali Osman Berk , Kemik Hasan , Yeniterzi Reyyan , Tastan Oznur 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNamed entity recognition (NER) aims to identify mentions of named entities in an unstructured text and classify them into predefined named entity classes. While deep learning-based pre-trained language models help to achieve good predictive performances in NER, many domain-specific NER applications still call for a substantial amount of labeled data. Active learning (AL), a general framework for the label acquisition problem, has been used for NER tasks to minimize the annotation cost without sacrificing model performance. However, the heavily imbalanced class distribution of tokens introduces challenges in designing effective AL querying methods for NER. We propose several AL sentence query evaluation functions that pay more attention to potential positive tokens and evaluate these proposed functions with both sentence-based and token-based cost evaluation strategies. We also propose a better data-driven normalization approach to penalize sentences that are too long or too short. Our experiments on three datasets from different domains reveal that the proposed approach reduces the number of annotated tokens while achieving better or comparable prediction performance with conventional methods.
A qualitative exploration of black psychotherapists’ personal experience of racism and the challenges that exist for black therapists who work with clients in therapy who have also experienced racism. A pilot study using interpretive phenomenological analysis
Authors: Brooks-Ucheaga Michelle 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The impact of racism to the individual is arguably immeasurable; however, the impact on psychotherapists who themselves have personally had either one or multiple experiences of racism and work with clients in therapy who have also experienced racism is an area with very little research. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with black cognitive behavioural therapists who have personally experienced racism and have also worked with clients who have experienced racism; data were analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. As this was a pilot study, only two participants were recruited to the study. Superordinate and subordinate themes were identified from the data and explored. The study highlighted that the impact of racism, racist experiences and microaggressions can lead to mental health problems, and there is need for further support for therapists, especially within the contexts of clinical supervision and from their organisation leadership. In addition, the need for further research was also identified, as well as improved training in working with disclosures of racism, and racial trauma within a therapeutic context was considered as important to the therapists of this pilot study.

Key learning aims

(1)
To explore and understand the personal experiences of black therapists who have personally experienced racism.

(2)
To identify some of the challenges that exist for black therapists who work with clients who have experienced racism and to explore possible solutions to overcome such challenges.