bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium balance in peritoneal dialysis patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) cyclers
Authors: Davenport Andrew 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Although vascular calcification is a recognised complication for haemodialysis patients, peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are also at risk. As such we wished to review peritoneal and urinary calcium balance and the effect of calcium containing phosphate binders (CCPBs).

Methods
Twenty-four-hour peritoneal calcium balance and urinary calcium were reviewed in PD patients undergoing their first assessment of peritoneal membrane function.

Results
Results from 183 patients, 56.3% male, 30.1% diabetic, mean age 59.4 ± 16.4 years, median 2.0 (2–6) months of PD, 29% treated by automated PD (APD), 26.8% continuous ambulatory (CAPD) and 44.2% APD with a day-time exchange (CCPD) were reviewed. Peritoneal calcium balance was positive in 42.6%, and remained positive in 21.3% after including urinary calcium losses. PD calcium balance was negatively associated with ultrafiltration (odds ratio 0.99 (95% confidence limits 0.98–0.99), p = 0.005. PD calcium balance was lowest with APD (APD − 0.45 (− 0.78 to 0.05) vs CAPD − 0.14 (− 1.18 to 0.59) vs CCPD − 0.03) − 0.48 to 0.5) mmol/day), p < 0.05, with 82.1% of patients with a positive balance prescribed icodextrin, when combining peritoneal and urinary losses. When considering CCPB prescription, then 97.8% of subjects prescribed CCPD had an over-all positive calcium balance.

Discussion
Over 40% of PD patients had a positive peritoneal calcium balance. Elemental calcium intake from CCPB had a major effect on calcium balance, as median combined peritoneal and urinary calcium losses were < 0.7 mmol/day (26 mg), so caution is required to prevent excessive CCPB prescribing, increasing the exchangeable calcium pool and thus potentially increasing vascular calcification, particularly for anuric patients.

Graphical abstract
The evolving diagnosis and classification of CNS hypersomnolence disorders
Authors: Lammers Gert Jan , Kallweit Ulf 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
We describe the evolution and limitations of current diagnostic criteria and classification systems of CNS hypersomnolence disorders and propose some changes.

Recent Findings
An unsupervised cluster analysis of 1100 Europeans with hypersomnolence identified the narcolepsy type 1 phenotype but not other categories listed in ICSD-3.

Summary
There are long-standing unsolved issues regarding the diagnosis and classification of central disorders of hypersomnolence. These include delineating and identifying phenotypes and unique conditions (“sui generis”), sleep deprivation’s impact on phenotypes and how to separate sleep deprivation as a trigger from other causes, as well as the association of excessive sleepiness with other disorders. We discuss these issues and present a novel, straightforward classification system with consistent terminology to get out of the impasse and do justice to people with hypersomnolence.
The Influence of Various Silvicultural Treatments and Forest Operations on Tree Species Biodiversity
Authors: Latterini Francesco , Mederski Piotr S. , Jaeger Dirk , Venanzi Rachele , Tavankar Farzam , Picchio Rodolfo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Biodiversity is one of the most important features of forest ecosystems. One of the goals of Sustainable Forest Management is to reduce biodiversity disturbance, which can occur as a consequence of timber harvesting. The aim of this review was to define which silvicultural systems and forest operations can have an influence on forest tree biodiversity by summarising the findings of nearly 60 papers published in the last ten years (2013–2022).

Recent Findings
In natural forest ecosystems characterised by a high level of structural complexity, such as uneven-aged tropical forests, selective logging and retention forestry are, in general, suitable forms of intervention that have a limited impact on tree biodiversity. Forest operations, in particular, should be of low intensity and try to simulate as much as possible small-scale natural disturbances. Thinning has proved to be a valid treatment for managing tree biodiversity. However, it is important to shape the magnitude of thinnings according to the management aims. Limited removal is recommended in interventions for maintaining the current structure, and more extensive removal is appropriate in cases when a change in species composition is expected, e.g. in the conversion of planted coniferous stands to uneven-aged mixed or broadleaved stands. In addition, coppicing is suitable for maintaining tree biodiversity due to its effectiveness in fostering the presence of light-demanding tree species. Findings show that it is important to establish the right rotation age, considering that an excessively short period between coppicing interventions can be detrimental to functional biodiversity.
Skid trails and landing sites represent suitable areas for the initial establishment of natural regeneration. However, generally, the level of biodiversity on these sites declines with time as a consequence of soil compaction, thus highlighting the importance of the forest infrastructure network planning.

Summary
In uneven-aged tropical forests, selective logging and retention forestry are the most suitable options for maintaining tree biodiversity. Thinning and coppicing help to manage biodiversity, whilst intensive thinning helps to change species composition. Skid trails and landing sites can support natural regeneration. Recommendations and management options were developed, as well as possible future research directions. The authors recommend that future studies should investigate how much tree biodiversity depends on different levels of harvesting technology applied within the same silvicultural treatment.
Modeling anthropogenic affected sediment transport in a mid-sized European river catchment–extension of the sediment rating curve equation
Authors: Wolf Stefanie , Stenger David , Steudtner Felix , Esser Verena , Lehmkuhl Frank , Schüttrumpf Holger 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLand use and water resource management influence the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in rivers. Fine sediments are an important driver for river development, even in coarse-material-rich rivers. In this study, the sediment rating curve approach is modified to predict SSC several river-km downstream of a sampling site. Further, the prediction is improved by adding sediment input, storage, and dilution effects through relevant anthropogenic measures through a model identification approach. Thus, the impact of the most severe anthropogenic measures, damming and changes in the length of a channel section for the Rur River, could be identified. Further, the impact of describing parameter changes for those measures on the SSC can be computed and considered in future water resource management. In this approach, particle swarm optimization was used to fit parameters in permutable test- and training data sets to identify linear extensions to the sediment rating curve. The input data consists of (1) SSC, which was obtained by sampling along the river section four times a year over approximately two years, (2) discharge data from river gauges supplemented by rainfall-runoff modeling between stations, (3) rainfall data from meteorological stations, and (4) sub-catchment characteristics like river section length and erosivity obtained with GIS. Via incorporating the river section length and sediment deposition in response to damming, we reduced the RMSE (root mean squared error) from 152.27 to 131.83% with a p-value of 0.073 in the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Further integration of sub-catchment parameters like erosivity led to overfitting and decreased prediction accuracy. A catchment-wide prediction was achieved, but sub-catchments operate on different spatial scales with different connectivity behavior, which restricts the transferability of the equation. SSC-Q hystereses provide the first indications of characteristic sediment sources and were used to discuss connectivity behavior within the study area. They are recommended as part of a (sub-) catchment characterization for further studies.
Factors influencing the lived experience of paramedics facing ethical dilemmas: a case comparison
Authors: Shearer Kirsty , Thomas Matthew , Signal Tania , Townsend Ruth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractParamedics encounter ethical dilemmas at work, and while previous research has improved ethics education and practice, more can be learned from the lived experience of paramedics facing ethical challenges. This paper explores the lived experience of two paramedics, one with five years’ experience, the other twenty, presented with comparable cases. The participants, who were interviewed in a broader qualitative study exploring practical wisdom, were asked to select a case involving ethical decision-making from their own practice experience. Semi-structured interviews employed the five-step Critical Decision Method as a framework to explore various aspects of the decision-making process. The two cases were identified as exemplars of prominent themes suitable for discussion. The findings highlighted several factors that influence paramedic ethical decision-making, including practical wisdom, communication and teamwork, clinical support, and education. This case comparison identifies a greater need to focus education on the fostering of practical wisdom, and the development of non-technical skills such as communication and teamwork, supported by interprofessional education endeavours. Furthermore, greater access to support for paramedics must be available to further evolve practical wisdom. The combination of improved education and support will likely cater for the full spectrum of ethical challenges faced by paramedics in their work.
The influence of printing parameters on the mechanical properties of 3D printed TPU-based elastomers
Authors: Bruère V. M. , Lion A. , Holtmannspötter J. , Johlitz M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdditive Manufacturing (AM) becomes more and more focus of studies in the scientific community. Nevertheless, elastomers in 3D printing are still a relatively understudied topic despite their extensive use in machine components. The further understanding of the technologies and knowledge acquirement are fundamental steps towards the improvement of the printing process and the broadening of feasible applications of 3D printed elastomers. This work focused on thermoplastic polyurethanes printed with Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) and investigated the effect of infill deposition angle and contour lines on the tensile and the stress relaxation behaviour. Samples were printed in alternating as well as unidirectional infill orientations, the latter without and with outlines. Tensile tests revealed that alternating orientations of 0°–90° and 45°–135° have a similar behaviour and benefit the integrity of the part. The fully unidirectional orientation at 90° hindered the tensile strength due to the absence of outlines and consequent delamination. All comparative analyses displayed a low influence of the raster angle at lower strains. Stress relaxation results showed similar behaviour for samples with outlines, without a clear effect of the infill orientations. In summary, contour lines are essential and an alternating orientation is recommended for better part integrity.
Pluralitätskompetenz als Einheitskriterium: Die »philosophischen Neigungen« der DVjs
Authors: Martus Steffen 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungAus Perspektive der praxeologischen Wissenschaftsforschung sowie quantitativer Verfahren und auf Grundlagen von Archivalien zeigt sich, dass nicht in der geistesgeschichtlichen Methode, sondern in der impliziten Anerkennung disziplinärer, methodischer und theoretischer Pluralität jene literaturwissenschaftliche Einheit liegt, die die DVjs von ihren Beiträgen erwartet.
Literaturwissenschaft und Geistesgeschichte: eine Provokation?
Authors: Osterkamp Ernst 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Kanonfixiertheit der Literaturwissenschaften ist in Deutschland auch ein Erbe der Geistesgeschichte; nur literaturhistorische Neugier sichert ihnen aber ihre Erkenntnismöglichkeiten und bewahrt sie vor disziplinärer Langeweile.
Adhesive Strength and Rupture Behaviour of Birch Tars Made with Different Stone Age Methods
Authors: Koch Tabea J. , Schmidt Patrick 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBirch tar is the earliest adhesive produced by Neanderthals in the European Palaeolithic. Experimental studies have proposed a number of aceramic (i.e. without the use of ceramics) birch tar–making techniques, but to date, no archaeological evidence for any of these techniques has been brought forward. The likelihood of one of those methods being actually used in the Stone Age may be investigated by evaluating the method’s complexity, efficiency and the performance of the tar obtained. In this study, we experimentally produce birch tar with four common experimental aceramic techniques. These tars are tested for their mechanical properties using lap-shear tests. We found that tar made with the aboveground condensation method is strongest in terms of its adhesive strength. The tar also shows the most consistent behaviour throughout our test series. The weakest adhesive was observed in tar made with an underground (i.e. oxygen-depleted) technique resembling double-pot distillation (raised structure). Two supplementary methods yielded intermediate values: the recently proposed cobble-groove method produces tar with plastic behaviour. Tar made with another underground technique (pit roll) is almost as strong as condensation method tar. This study adds to our understanding of adhesive performance of birch tar made with different aceramic techniques. It also allows understanding the potential use of one method instead of another.
Core invertibility of operators from the algebra generated by two orthogonal projections
Authors: Böttcher Albrecht , Spitkovsky Ilya M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA Hilbert space operatorAis said to be core invertible if it has an inner inverse whose range coincides with the range ofAand whose null space coincides with the null space of the adjoint ofA. This notion was introduced by Baksalary, Trenkler, Rakić, Dinčić, and Djordjević in the last decade, who also proved that core invertibility is equivalent to group invertibility and that the core and group inverses coincide if and only ifAis a so-calledEPoperator. The present paper contains criteria for core invertibility and for theEPproperty as well as formulas for the core inverse for operators in the von Neumann algebra generated by two orthogonal projections.
Impact of a syndrome-specific antibiotic stewardship intervention on antipseudomonal antibiotic use in inpatient diabetic foot infection management
Authors: McCreery Randy J. , Lyden Elizabeth , Anderson Matthew , Van Schooneveld Trevor C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To demonstrate that a syndromic stewardship intervention can safely reduce antipseudomonal antibiotic use in the treatment of inpatient diabetic foot infections (DFIs).

Intervention and method:
From November 2017 through March 2018, we performed an antimicrobial stewardship intervention that included creation of a DFI best-practice guideline, implementation of an electronic medical record order set, and targeted education of key providers. We conducted a retrospective before-and-after study evaluating guideline adherent antipseudomonal antibiotic use 1 year before and after the intervention using interrupted time-series analysis.

Setting:
University of Nebraska Medical Center, a 718-bed academic medical center in Omaha, Nebraska.

Patients:
The study included 193 adults aged ≥19 years (105 in the preintervention group and 88 in the postintervention group) admitted to non–intensive care units whose primary reason for antibiotic treatment was diabetic foot infection (DFI).

Results:
Guideline-adherent use of antipseudomonal antibiotics increased from 39% before the intervention to 68% after the intervention (P ≤ .0001). Antipseudomonal antibiotic use decreased from 538 days of therapy (DOT) per 1,000 DFI patient days (PD) before the intervention to 272 DOT per 1,000 DFI PD after the intervention (P < .0001), with a statistically significant decrease in both level of use and slope of change. We did not detect any changes in length of stay, readmission, amputation rate, subsequent positive Clostridioides difficile testing, or mortality.

Conclusions:
Our 3-component intervention of guideline creation, implementation of an order set, and targeted education was associated with a significant decrease in antipseudomonal antibiotic use in the management of inpatient DFIs. DFIs are common and should be considered as opportunities for syndromic stewardship intervention.
Against Universal Epistemic Instrumentalism
Authors: Willoughby James Bernard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBeliefs should conform to some norms. Epistemic instrumentalism holds that your beliefs should conform to these epistemic norms just because conforming is useful. But there seems to be cases where conforming to the epistemic norms isn’t useful at all, as in so-called “too-few-reasons” cases. In response to these cases, universal epistemic instrumentalists argue that despite first appearances, it is always useful to conform to the epistemic norms. I argue that all current versions of this universalist response are objectionable. I conclude with a conjecture about why no version of universalism will succeed.
Taking the Teleology of History Seriously: Lessons from Hegel's Logic
Authors: Yang Chen , Yeomans Christopher 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo oversimplify quite a bit, scholars’ presentation of Hegel's teleology constitutes a continuum according to how more-or-less secured the progress towards the goal is supposed to be, which tracks roughly the nature of the end and its necessity. In this article, rather than focus on the end and progress towards it, we will focus on the means and structure of teleological relationships on Hegel's account. This focus follows from an essential feature of Hegel's discussion of teleology in the Logic, in which teleology is introduced to solve a problem in the individuation of entities. It will turn out that the fullest actualization of the end is in the durable means, which is also thereby individuated. And it will turn out that the paradigmatic historical means—the state—is tensed, as it were, between the end and its realization that makes it synchronically historical. This synchronic historicity is missing in the usual progressive and thus diachronic accounts of the teleological process of history. But first we step back even farther (at least historically). We begin by taking up the two most important philosophical accounts of teleology for Hegel, namely those of Aristotle and Kant. Then we go to Hegel's Logic for his reconstruction of teleological processes against the background of the explanatory need for individuation. We focus on four aspects of Hegel's account: that teleology is a structure of reciprocal interaction, that the purpose is an immanent governing principle, that change is the price of immanence, and that the durable means is the teleological object par excellence. Finally, we trace these features through Hegel's account of world history and conclude with some brief remarks on the historicity of the state described in the Philosophy of Right.
Relationship between local-scale topography and vegetation on the invasive C4 perennial bunchgrass buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare) size and reproduction
Authors: Hovanes Katherine A. , Lien Aaron M. , Baldwin Elizabeth , Li Yue M. , Franklin Kim , Gornish Elise S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBuffelgrass [Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link] is an invasive C4 perennial bunchgrass that is a threat to biodiversity in aridlands in the Americas and Australia. Topography influences P. ciliare occurrence at large spatial scales, but further investigation into the relationship between local-scale topography and P. ciliare growth and reproduction would be beneficial. Further, density-dependent effects on P. ciliare growth and reproduction have been demonstrated in greenhouse experiments, but the extent to which density dependence influences P. ciliare in natural populations warrants further investigation. Here we present a study on the relationships between local-scale topography (aspect and slope gradient) and vegetation characteristics (shrub cover, P. ciliare cover, and P. ciliare density) and their interactions on individual P. ciliare plant size and reproduction. We measured slope gradient, aspect, shrub cover, P. ciliare cover, P. ciliare density, and the total number of live culms and reproductive culms of 10 P. ciliare plants in 33 4 by 4 m plots located in 11 transects at the Desert Laboratory at Tumamoc Hill, Tucson, AZ, USA. We modeled the relationships at the local scale of (1) P. ciliare cover and density with aspect and slope gradient and (2) P. ciliare size and reproduction with abiotic (slope gradient and aspect) and biotic (P. ciliare cover and density and native shrub and cacti cover) characteristics. Aspect and slope gradient were poor predictors of P. ciliare cover and density in already invaded sites at the scale of our plots. However, aspect had a significant relationship with P. ciliare plant size and reproduction. Pennisetum ciliare plants on south-facing aspects were larger and produced more reproductive culms than plants on other aspects. Further, we found no relationship between P. ciliare density and P. ciliare plant size and reproduction. Shrub cover was positively correlated with P. ciliare reproduction. South-facing aspects are likely most vulnerable to fast spread and infilling by new P. ciliare introductions.
Approaching Incidental Music: ‘Reflexive Performance’ and Meaning in Till Damaskus (III)
Authors: BROAD LEAH 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIncidental music of the early twentieth-century has received little musicological attention, despite its widespread use during this period of history. Theatres were a popular means by which audiences could interact with new music, and composers could experiment with new ideas and build collaborative relationships. Using a 1926 Swedish production of August Strindberg’s Till Damaskus (III), directed by Per Lindberg with music by Ture Rangström, this article argues for the importance of analysing incidental music as collaborative performance. It explores the use of ‘reflexive performance’ as a method of analysis, combined with semiotic and intermedial approaches.
Wall jets created by single and twin high pressure jet impingement
Authors: Miller P. , Wilson M. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryAn extensive experimental investigation into the nature of the wall jets produced by single and twin normal jet impingement has been undertaken. Wall jet velocity profiles have been recorded up to 70 jet diameters from the impingement point, at pressures representative of current VStol technology. The tests used fixed convergent nozzles, with nozzle height and spacing and jet pressure being varied. Single jet impingement displays a consistent effect of nozzle height on wall jet development. For twin jet cases a powerful reinforcement exists along the wall jet interaction plane. Remote from the interaction plane the wall jets are weaker than those produced by a single jet impingement.