bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An endogenous lentivirus in the germline of a rodent
Authors: Kambol Roziah , Gatseva Anna , Gifford Robert J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLentiviruses (genus Lentivirus) are complex retroviruses that infect a broad range of mammals, including humans. Unlike many other retrovirus genera, lentiviruses have only rarely been incorporated into the mammalian germline. However, a small number of endogenous retrovirus (ERV) lineages have been identified, and these rare genomic “fossils” can provide crucial insights into the long-term history of lentivirus evolution. Here, we describe a previously unreported endogenous lentivirus lineage in the genome of the South African springhare (Pedetes capensis), demonstrating that the host range of lentiviruses has historically extended to rodents (order Rodentia). Furthermore, through comparative and phylogenetic analysis of lentivirus and ERV genomes, considering the biogeographic and ecological characteristics of host species, we reveal broader insights into the long-term evolutionary history of the genus.
Menstrual health among adolescents and young adults in rural Haiti
Authors: Rupe Emily R. , Rodean Jonathan , Hurley Emily A. , Miller Melissa K. , Boncoeur Marie Daphnee , Masonbrink Abbey R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Adolescent and young adult (AYA) females in low- and middle-income countries often face disparities in menstrual health (MH). Poor MH and lack of sexual and reproductive health education leads to school absenteeism, increasing risk for adverse psychosocial and educational outcomes. Further, disasters (e.g., earthquakes) are linked with unsafe living environments and sanitation facilities for women. We sought to describe MH perspectives and practices among AYAs in rural Haiti.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey in two rural communities in Haiti. AYA females aged 14–24 years completed questions on demographics, the Menstrual Practice Needs Scale (36 items; MPNS-36) and the Menstrual Practices Questionnaire (4 items). We performed descriptive statistics and Chi square or Fisher’s Exact tests to compare responses among sub-groups.

Results
Among 200 respondents, the median age was 20 years (IQR 17–22). 51% (95% CI 44%, 58%; 102/200) were currently attending school at least 3 days/week and 97% (94%, 99%; 193/200) were not married. According to the MPNS-36, 68% (62%, 74%; 136/200) of participants had unmet MH needs. Seventy-one (77%) reused some of their menstrual materials during their last menstruation. During their last menstruation, 44% (37%, 50%; 87/200) reported they often or always skipped school because they had their menses, and 31% (25%, 37%; 62/200) sometimes skipped. Many felt always or often worried that someone or something would harm them while they were changing their menstrual materials at home and at school.

Conclusions
Among AYAs in rural Haiti, three-quarters reported menses-related school absenteeism and two-thirds had unmet MH needs. AYA females often lacked a safe environment to change their menstrual materials. Given recent disasters in Haiti, (August 2021 earthquake), safe environments for MH are critically needed to offset risk for poor psychosocial and health outcomes. Future efforts to improve MH among AYAs in Haiti are needed to ensure access to MH resources and school attendance.
Treatment outcomes and radiotherapy deintensification strategies in human papillomavirus-associated tonsil cancer
Authors: Lee Joongyo , Kim Kangpyo , Kim Kyung Hwan , Keum Ki Chang , Kim Hye Ryun , Hong Min Hee , Choi Eun Chang , Kim Se-Heon , Koh Yoon Woo , Lee Chang Geol 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive tonsil cancer has a better prognosis than HPV-negative tonsil cancer. Deintensification strategies to reduce or avoid radiotherapy (RT) for patients with HPV-associated tonsil cancer have been suggested. This study investigated the treatment outcomes of patients with HPV-associated tonsil cancer and suggested RT deintensification strategies.

Methods
A cohort of 374 patients with HPV-associated tonsil cancer treated with primary surgery or RT between 2008 and 2020 was retrospectively evaluated. Survival and locoregional control rates after primary surgery or RT were analyzed, and propensity score matching was performed to adjust for clinical factors. Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's exact test was used to compare categorical variables, and Student's t-test was used to compare continuous variables. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to assess overall survival, progression-free survival, and locoregional failure (LRF).

Results
No significant differences in survival or LRF were observed between the primary surgery and RT groups. Subgroup analysis was conducted for patients who underwent primary surgery. Advanced pathological N stage, negative contralateral nodes at diagnosis, abutting or positive surgical margins, and no adjuvant RT were independent risk factors for LRF. Advanced pathological T stage was an independent risk factor for LRF in patients who underwent primary surgery without subsequent adjuvant RT. None of the patients with pathological complete remission (CR) after induction chemotherapy died or experienced LRF.

Conclusions
Our study revealed that the outcomes of primary surgery and primary RT in HPV-positive tonsil cancer were similar after adjusting for clinical factors. Primary RT might be considered instead of surgery in patients with advanced pathological T stage. In the case of pathological CR after induction chemotherapy, deintensification for adjuvant RT should be considered.
Physical punishment and child, adolescent, and adult outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cuartas Jorge , Gershoff Elizabeth T. , Bailey Drew , McCoy Dana C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Physical punishment at home and in schools is widespread around the world. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have synthesized evidence, mostly from high-income countries (HICs), showing that physical punishment relates to multiple detrimental individual outcomes. Yet, less work has been done to synthesize the evidence on the association between physical punishment at home and schools and child, adolescent, and adult outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where more than 90% of children live and physical punishment is most socially normative and prevalent. In this manuscript, we present a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis on the characteristics of the research, associations, and variation in associations, between physical punishment at home and in schools and child, adolescent, and adult outcomes in LMICs.

Methods
We will conduct a review of studies published in peer-reviewed journals using quantitative methods to assess the association between physical punishment in childhood and/or adolescence and individual outcomes in LMICs. We will search for studies in 10 different databases using keywords in English, Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic, and Chinese related to physical punishment. We will extract qualitative data from the studies and the statistics needed to transform all study-level effect sizes into standardized mean difference effect sizes. For the analyses, we will employ multi-level meta-analyses to use multiple effect sizes per study and leverage within-study variation as well as between study variation using moderation analysis. Besides the meta-analyses, we will also conduct a narrative synthesis of the findings.

Discussion
The proposed systematic review and meta-analysis will provide timely evidence to inform global research, policy, and practice on the links between physical punishment and lifelong individual outcomes.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42022347346
High expression of GMNN predicts malignant progression and poor prognosis in ACC
Authors: Zhao Xinzhao , Zhang Xuezhou , Shao Shixiu , Yang Qingbo , Shen Chengquan , Yang Xuecheng , Jiao Wei , Liu Jing , Wang Yonghua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine neoplasm, which is characterized by poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Novel and reliable prognostic and metastatic biomarkers are lacking for ACC patients. This study aims at screening potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of ACC through bioinformatic methods and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis.

Methods
In the present study, by using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ACC and validated these DEGs in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ACC cohort. A DEGs-based signature was additionally constructed and we assessed its prognosis and prescient worth for ACC by survival analysis and nomogram. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to verify the relationship between hub gene–GMNN expressions and clinicopathologic outcomes in ACC patients.

Results
A total of 24 DEGs correlated with the prognosis of ACC were screened from the TCGA and GEO databases. Five DEGs were subsequently selected in a signature which was closely related to the survival rates of ACC patients and GMNN was identified as the core gene in this signature. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression showed that the GMNN was an independent prognostic factor for ACC patients (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, GMNN was closely related to the OS and PFI of ACC patients treated with mitotane (P < 0.001). IHC confirmed that GMNN protein was overexpressed in ACC tissues compared with normal adrenal tissues and significantly correlated with stage (P = 0.011), metastasis (P = 0.028) and Ki-67 index (P = 0.014).

Conclusions
GMNN is a novel tumor marker for predicting the malignant progression, metastasis and prognosis of ACC, and may be a potential therapeutic target for ACC.
Learner-oriented assessment (LOA) practice: the comparative study of self-assessment, peer assessment, and teacher assessment on EFL learners’ writing complicity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF), speaking CAF, and attitude
Authors: Al-Rashidi Anwar Hammad , Asif Muhammad , Vanani Masoumeh Ghasemi , Aberash Amhara 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs the effects of self-assessment, peer assessment, and teacher assessment on EFL learners’ writing CAF and speaking CAF have not examined in Iran, this research compared their effectiveness on developing Iranian EFL students’ writing CAF and speaking CAF. Moreover, this research examined the attitudes of EFL students towards the three types of assessments. To achieve these objectives, 75 Iranian intermediate EFL learners were selected based on a convenience sampling method and divided into three groups. Next, all groups were pretested on two skills of writing and speaking. Then, one group was taught writing and speaking skills by using teacher assessment, the second group was taught the same skills through using self-assessment; and the other group received the treatment by applying peer assessment. After an 18-session instruction, writing and speaking posttests were administered to the three groups, and also, three attitude questionnaires were distributed among them. The outcomes of one-way ANOVA tests revealed that the peer-assessment and self-assessment groups outflanked the teacher-assessment group on the writing and speaking posttests. The findings showed that the respondents of the three groups presented favorable attitudes towards the three sorts of assessments. It was concluded that the peer and self-assessment are useful techniques to develop EFL learners’ writing and speaking skills. At the end of the study, a couple of implications and recommendations were enumerated.
Quantitative image analysis of thrombus formation in microfluidic in-vitro models
Authors: Choi Ji-Seob , Ham Dong-Hwi , Kim Jung-Hyun , Marcial Helem Betsua Flores , Jeong Pyeong-Ho , Choi Jin-Ho , Park Woo-Tae 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study, we present a method to quantitatively analyze the thrombus formation process through image analysis in an in vitro thrombus model with a circular cross section. The thrombus model used was designed based on the mechanism between the physical principle of wall shear rate (WSR) and thrombus formation. Image analysis was used to help visualize the thrombus formation process and calculate the thrombus area. Through this method, the thrombus formation and growth from the channel wall was demonstrated without the use of fluorescence. In addition, by dividing the image into sub-sections, the accuracy of the thrombus growth pattern was improved. The departing blood clots which are called embolus, were observed being separated from the thrombus.
Verification of the geomagnetic field models using historical satellite measurements obtained in 1964 and 1970
Authors: Soloviev A. A. , Peregoudov D. V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn 2019, the World Data Center for Solar-Terrestrial Physics in Moscow digitized the archive of observations of the Earth’s magnetic field carried out by the Soviet satellites Kosmos-49 (1964) and Kosmos-321 (1970). As a result, the scientific community for the first time obtained access to a unique digital data set, which was registered at the very beginning of the scientific space era. This article sets out three objectives. First, the quality of the obtained measurements is assessed by their comparison with the IGRF model. Second, we assess the quality of the models, which at that time were derived from the data of these two satellites. Third, we propose a new, improved model of the geomagnetic field secular variation based on the scalar measurements of the Kosmos-49 and Kosmos-321 satellites.
Graphical Abstract
Presentation of SLE after COVID vaccination in a pediatric patient
Authors: Nelson Meghan Corrigan , Rytting Heather , Greenbaum Larry A. , Goldberg Baruch 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has had an enormous impact on global health. Vaccination remains one of the most effective interventions for disease prevention. Clinically significant vaccine side effects are uncommon, though autoimmune-mediated disease occurs in a small percentage of vaccine recipients. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Childhood-onset SLE tends to have more severe disease manifestations than adult-onset SLE. In adults, there are a few reported cases of SLE developing soon after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination.

Case presentation
A 14-year-old previously healthy male developed laboratory and clinical evidence of SLE, including maculopapular malar rash, arthritis, pleuritic chest pain, and class V (membranous) lupus nephritis, 2 days after his third dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. The patient’s symptoms improved after initiation of prednisone and mycophenolate mofetil. We also summarize eleven prior case reports describing SLE after COVID-19 vaccine in adults.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first reported pediatric patient with new onset SLE following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. While potential mechanistic links exist between COVID-19 vaccination and SLE development, additional studies are necessary to elucidate the exact nature of this relationship.
Development and Validation of a Western Blot Method to Quantify Mini-Dystrophin in Human Skeletal Muscle Biopsies
Authors: Soderstrom Catherine I. , Larsen Jennifer , Owen Carolina , Gifondorwa David , Beidler David , Yong Florence H. , Conrad Patricia , Neubert Hendrik , Moore Steven A. , Hassanein Mohamed 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a degenerative muscular disease affecting roughly one in 5000 males at birth. The disease is often caused by inherited X-linked recessive pathogenic variants in the dystrophin gene, but may also arise from de novo mutations. Disease-causing variants include nonsense, out of frame deletions or duplications that result in loss of dystrophin protein expression. There is currently no cure for DMD and the few treatment options available aim at slowing muscle degradation. New advances in gene therapy and understanding of dystrophin (DYS) expression in other muscular dystrophies have opened new opportunities for treatment. Therefore, reliable methods are needed to monitor dystrophin expression and assess the efficacy of new therapies for muscular dystrophies such as DMD and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). Here, we describe the validation of a novel Western blot (WB) method for the quantitation of mini-dystrophin protein in human skeletal muscle tissues that is easy to adopt in most laboratory settings. This WB method was assessed through precision, accuracy, selectivity, dilution linearity, stability, and repeatability. Based on mini-DYS standard performance, the assay has a dynamic range of 0.5–15 ng protein (per 5 µg total protein per lane), precision of 3.3 to 25.5%, and accuracy of − 7.5 to 3.3%. Our stability assessment showed that the protein is stable after 4 F/T cycles, up to 2 h at RT and after 7 months at − 70°C. Furthermore, our WB method was compared to the results from our recently published LC–MS method.
Graphical Abstract
Workflow for our quantitative WB method to determine mini-dystrophin levels in muscle tissues (created in Biorender.com). Step 1 involves protein extraction from skeletal muscle tissue lysates from control, DMD, or BMD biospecimen. Step 2 measures total protein concentrations. Step 3 involves running gel electrophoresis with wild-type dystrophin (wt-DYS) from muscle tissue extracts alongside mini-dystrophin STD curve and mini-DYS and protein normalization with housekeeping GAPDH.
The Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophies
Authors: Johnson Nicholas E. , Statland Jeffrey M. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are a group of inherited muscle disorders with a common feature of limb-girdle pattern of weakness, caused by over 29 individual genes. This article describes the classification scheme, common subtypes, and the management of individuals with LGMD.

RECENT FINDINGS
Advances in genetic testing and next-generation sequencing panels containing all of the LGMD genes have led to earlier genetic confirmation, but also to more individuals with variants of uncertain significance. The LGMDs include disorders with autosomal recessive inheritance, which are often due to loss-of-function mutations in muscle structural or repair proteins and typically have younger ages of onset and more rapidly progressive presentations, and those with autosomal dominant inheritance, which can have older ages of presentation and chronic progressive disease courses. All cause progressive disability and potential loss of ability to walk or maintain a job due to progressive muscle wasting. Certain mutations are associated with cardiac or respiratory involvement. No disease-altering therapies have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for LGMDs and standard treatment uses a multidisciplinary clinic model, but recessive LGMDs are potentially amenable to systemic gene replacement therapies, which are already being tested in clinical trials for sarcoglycan and FKRP mutations. The dominant LGMDs may be amenable to RNA-based therapeutic approaches.

SUMMARY
International efforts are underway to better characterize LGMDs, help resolve variants of uncertain significance, provide consistent and improved standards of care, and prepare for future clinical trials.
The Dystrophinopathies
Authors: Lee Bo Hoon 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This article reviews the history, epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation, multidisciplinary management, and established and emerging therapies for the dystrophinopathies.

RECENT FINDINGS
The multidisciplinary care of individuals with dystrophinopathies continues to improve in many ways, including early surveillance and implementation of respiratory, cardiac, and orthopedic health management. The era of genetic therapeutics has altered the treatment landscape in neuromuscular disorders, including the dystrophinopathies.

SUMMARY
The dystrophinopathies are a spectrum of X-linked genetic disorders characterized by childhood-onset progressive weakness and variable cardiac and cognitive involvement. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy to slow disease progression. Additional strategies for disease amelioration and dystrophin restoration, including gene replacement therapy, are under investigation.
The Critical DREAMer Memoir: Educational Mobility and the Limits of Meritocratic Citizenship
Authors: Escobar Guadalupe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article takes up the figure of the DREAMer in the twenty-first-century Latinx memoir by the formerly undocumented to consider the coupling of the right to education with narratability. The author reads Alberto Ledesma’s Diary of a Reluctant Dreamer (2017), Reyna Grande’s The Distance between Us (2012), and Dan-el Padilla Peralta’s Undocumented (2015) as examples of the critical DREAMer memoir, foregrounding suppressed and subversive self-representation. Such self-fashionings are constrained by overachievement while still troubling the myth of meritocracy to determine deservingness of US citizenship. This trio of texts shows how school systems are mechanisms of coercive assimilation that reproduce a ranking regime wherein racial others are excluded or subordinated. Even as school environments can silence, they can also be safe havens for amplifying the human voice. The freedom of expression found in education marks a transformation of silence into advocacy. The present proliferation of critical DREAMer memoirs largely reflects a new shape of post-9/11 Latinx literature, as well as the subgenre of human rights and literature.
“A Handful of Syllables Thrown Back across the Water”:Dictée’s Aesthetic Legacy and Thai American Poetics
Authors: An Jasmine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article draws on the formal and aesthetic qualities of Theresa Hak Kyung Cha’s Dictée as a critical model for theorizing the transnational legacies of colonialism and empire embedded in the acts of language learning and as an opening for Asian American literary studies to engage with the previously understudied genre of Thai American and Thai poetry. Foregrounding aesthetics and unique, translingual poetic practices, the readings in this article explore rich connections between Dictée and two experimental collections of Thai and Thai American poetry: Padcha Tuntha-obas’s trespasses (2006) and Jai Arun Ravine’s แล้วandthen entwine (2011a). Thai American cultural production is uniquely situated to offer aesthetic insights into the history of US presence in Southeast Asia from the mid-twentieth century onward, which in Thailand took the form of allyship and soft power as Thailand’s formally uncolonized status obscured the violent codifications of gender, racial, and sexual norms to align with Western, imperial worldviews. The author argues that, just as Dictée marked a revolutionary period in Asian American literary studies as the field grappled with the role of poststructural theory, experimental literary forms, and transnational, decolonial politics in the United States and Asia, a more sustained engagement with Thai American and Thai poetry can offer a critical entry point to address US informal empire building in Southeast Asia, including activities often occluded in mainstream historical narratives by a singular focus on Vietnam during the Cold War era.