bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of histone modification-based risk signature with drug sensitivity analysis reveals novel therapeutic strategies for lower-grade glioma
Authors: Wang Jingyuan , Yan Shuai 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundLower-grade glioma (LGG) exhibits significant heterogeneity in clinical outcomes, and current prognostic markers have limited predictive value. Despite the growing recognition of histone modifications in tumor progression, their role in LGG remains poorly understood. This study aimed to develop a histone modification-based risk signature and investigate its relationship with drug sensitivity to guide personalized treatment strategies.MethodsWe performed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on LGG samples (n = 4) to characterize histone modification patterns. Through integrative analysis of TCGA-LGG (n = 513) and CGGA datasets (n = 693 and n = 325), we constructed a histone modification-related risk signature (HMRS) using machine learning approaches. The model's performance was validated in multiple independent cohorts. We further conducted comprehensive analyses of molecular mechanisms, immune microenvironment, and drug sensitivity associated with the risk stratification.ResultsWe identified distinct histone modification patterns across five major cell populations in LGG and developed a robust 20-gene HMRS from 129 candidate genes that effectively stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups with significantly different survival outcomes (training set: AUC = 0.77, 0.73, and 0.71 for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival; P &lt; 0.001). Integration of HMRS with clinical features further improved prognostic accuracy (C-index &gt;0.70). High-risk tumors showed activation of TGF-β and IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling pathways, and distinct mutation profiles including TP53 (63% vs 28%), IDH1 (68% vs 85%), and ATRX (46% vs 20%) mutations. The high-risk group demonstrated significantly elevated immune and stromal scores (P &lt; 0.001), with distinct patterns of immune cell infiltration, particularly in memory CD4+ T cells (P &lt; 0.001) and CD8+ T cells (P = 0.001). Drug sensitivity analysis revealed significant differential responses to six therapeutic agents including Temozolomide and targeted drugs (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionOur study establishes a novel histone modification-based prognostic model that not only accurately predicts LGG patient outcomes but also reveals potential therapeutic targets. The identified associations between risk stratification and drug sensitivity provide valuable insights for personalized treatment strategies. This integrated approach offers a promising framework for improving LGG patient care through molecular-based risk assessment and treatment selection.
An improved U-net and attention mechanism-based model for sugar beet and weed segmentation
Authors: Li Yadong , Guo Ruinan , Li Rujia , Ji Rongbiao , Wu Mengyao , Chen Dinghao , Han Cong , Han Ruilin , Liu Yongxiu , Ruan Yuwen , Yang Jianping 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionWeeds are a major factor affecting crop yield and quality. Accurate identification and localization of crops and weeds are essential for achieving automated weed management in precision agriculture, especially given the challenges in recognition accuracy and real-time processing in complex field environments. To address this issue, this paper proposes an efficient crop-weed segmentation model based on an improved UNet architecture and attention mechanisms to enhance both recognition accuracy and processing speed.MethodsThe model adopts the encoder-decoder structure of UNet, utilizing MaxViT (Multi-Axis Vision Transformer) as the encoder to capture both global and local features within images. Additionally, CBAM (Convolutional Block Attention Module) is incorporated into the decoder as a multi-scale feature fusion module, adaptively adjusting feature map weights to enable the model to focus more accurately on the edges and textures of crops and weeds.Results and discussionExperimental results show that the proposed model achieved 84.28% mIoU and 88.59% mPA on the sugar beet dataset, representing improvements of 3.08% and 3.15% over the baseline UNet model, respectively, and outperforming mainstream models such as FCN, PSPNet, SegFormer, DeepLabv3+, and HRNet. Moreover, the model’s inference time is only 0.0559 seconds, reducing computational overhead while maintaining high accuracy. Its performance on a sunflower dataset further verifies the model’s generalizability and robustness. This study, therefore, provides an efficient and accurate solution for crop-weed segmentation, laying a foundation for future research on automated crop and weed identification.
Improving panicle blast resistance and fragrance in a high-quality japonica rice variety through breeding
Authors: Ye Junhua , Wang Kai , Wang Yi , Zhao Zhipeng , Yan Ying , Yang Hang , Zhang Lixia , Hu Zejun , Shi Zhenying , Sun Dapeng , Bai Jianjiang , Cao Liming , Wu Shujun 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionHuruan1212 (HR1212) is well-regarded for its superior eating and cooking quality in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. Still, its high susceptibility to rice panicle blast and lack of fragrance have limited its further spread and utilization. Pigm and Pi-ta are two dominant genes known for their stable broad-spectrum resistance against rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, while badh2 is the crucial gene that regulates rice aroma.MethodsIn this study, we utilized a molecular marker-assisted selection backcrossing strategy to introduce Pigm, Pi-ta, and badh2 into introgressed lines employing re-sequencing for precise genetic background selection.ResultsFinally, we selected three introgressed lines, including two that carry Pigm with the highest background recovery rates, showing eating and cooking qualities similar to those of HR1212, and one line that pyramids Pigm, Pi-ta, and badh2, which features a strong aroma. They all displayed significantly enhanced resistance to panicle blast and improved yield compared to HR1212.DiscussionIn conclusion, this study expanded the germplasm resources of japonica, providing a material foundation for enhancing breeding programs aimed at developing rice blast-resistant and high-quality fragrant japonica varieties. Additionally, the study demonstrated that integrating molecular markers and re-sequencing can inform breeders’ decision-making more precisely and efficiently.
Long-term nitrogen fertilization alters the partitioning of amino acids between citrus leaves and fruits
Authors: Zhao Yuanlai , Xiong Huaye , Luo Yayin , Hu Bin , Wang Jie , Tang Xiaodong , Wang Yuehong , Shi Xiaojun , Zhang Yueqiang , Rennenberg Heinz 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe growth of evergreen fruit trees is influenced by the interaction of soil nitrogen (N) and leaf amino acid contents. However, information on free amino acid contents in leaves of fruiting and non-fruiting branches during long-term N fertilizer application remains scarce.MethodsHere, a four-year field experiment (2018-2021) in a citrus orchard revealed consistently lower total N and amino acid contents in leaves of fruiting compared to non-fruiting branches.Results and discussionAppropriate N fertilizer application increased free amino acid and total N contents in leaves of both types of branches and fruits, but excessive amounts led to decreases. Correlation analysis showed that, in the early stage of fruit development, leaves on both types of branches can meet the N requirements of the fruit (R²=0.77 for fruiting, R²=0.82 for non-fruiting). As fruits entered the swelling stage, a significant positive correlation emerged between fruiting branch leaves and fruit total N content (R²=0.68), while the R² for leaves on non-fruiting branches dropped to 0.47, indicating a shift in N supply towards leaves on fruiting branches. Proline and arginine are the most abundant amino acids in these leaves. At fruit maturity, these amino acids account for more than half of the total amino acids in the fruit (29.0% for proline and 22.2% for arginine), highlighting their crucial role in fruit development. Further research is needed to investigate amino acid transport and distribution mechanisms between citrus leaves and fruits.
Designing community-based strategies to reach non-household contacts of people with tuberculosis in Lusaka, Zambia: a rapid qualitative study among key stakeholders
Authors: Kerkhoff Andrew D. , Foloko Marksman , Kundu-Ng’andu Evelyn , Nyirenda Herbert , Jabbie Zainab , Syulikwa Mainza , Mwamba Chanda , Kagujje Mary , Muyoyeta Monde , Sharma Anjali 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundIn high-burden settings, most tuberculosis (TB) transmission likely occurs outside the home. Our qualitative study in Zambia explored the acceptability and preferences for designing TB active case finding (ACF) strategies to reach non-household contacts of people with TB.MethodsWe conducted 56 in-depth interviews with persons with TB (n = 12), TB healthcare workers (HCWs) (n = 10), TB lay HCWs (n = 10), and leaders/owners (n = 12) and attendees (n = 12) of community venue types identified as potential TB transmission locations. Interviews explored TB attitudes and beliefs, and perceptions toward two ACF strategies targeting non-household contacts: (1) “social-network strategy”—persons with newly diagnosed TB reach out to their close non-household contacts and (2) “venue-based strategy”—HCWs conduct screening at community venues frequented by persons with newly diagnosed TB. We used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) framework to develop interview topic guides and analyze data using a rapid deductive approach.ResultsAll participants felt that TB was an important issue in their community and that new detection strategies were needed. A “social-network strategy” was perceived as acceptable and feasible, where participants noted it was a caring act and could facilitate early diagnosis. For a “venue-based strategy,” most participants suspected TB transmission occurred at bars/taverns due to heavy alcohol use and prolonged time spent in crowded spaces; churches and betting halls were also commonly mentioned locations. Nearly all owners/leaders and patrons/attendees of bars, churches, and betting halls expressed acceptance of a venue-based strategy. They also indicated an interest in participating, citing many benefits, including increased TB knowledge/awareness, early diagnosis, convenience, and possibly reduced transmission, and recommended that the strategy incorporate sensitization, consent, volunteerism, and respectful, confidential, private services. For both strategies, most participants preferred the use of and being approached by trained peer TB survivors to facilitate ACF, given their prior TB patient experience and trust among community members.ConclusionStakeholders found social-network and venue-based TB-ACF strategies highly acceptable, recognizing their potential benefits for individuals and the broader community. Future research should evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of TB ACF strategies for reaching non-household contacts.
Spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal cluster detection of malaria incidence in Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Demoze Lidetu , Gubena Fetlework , Akalewold Eyob , Brhan Helen , Kifle Tigist , Yitageasu Gelila 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundMalaria is a major global health hazard, particularly in developing countries such as Ethiopia, where it contributes to high morbidity and mortality rates. According to reports from the South Omo Zone Health Bureau, despite various interventions such as insecticide-treated bed nets and indoor residual spraying, the incidence of malaria has increased in recent years. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal variation in malaria incidence in the South Omo Zone, Southwest Ethiopia.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted using 4 years of malaria data from the South Omo Zone District Health Information Software (DHIS). The incidence rate of malaria per 1,000 people was calculated using Microsoft Excel software. Kulldorff SaTScan software with a discrete Poisson model was used to identify statistically significant spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal malaria clusters. Graduated color maps depicting the incidence of malaria were generated using ArcGIS 10.7 software.ResultsSpatial clusters were identified in the districts of Dasenech (RR = 2.06, p &lt; 0.0001), Hamer (RR = 1.90, p &lt; 0.0001), Salamago (RR = 2.00, p &lt; 0.0001), Bena Tsemay (RR = 1.71, p &lt; 0.0001), Malie (RR = 1.50, p &lt; 0.0001), Nyngatom (RR = 1.91, p &lt; 0.0001) and North Ari (RR = 1.05, p &lt; 0.0001) during the period from 08th July 2019 to 07th July 2023. A temporal cluster was identified as the risk period across all districts between 08th July 2022 and 07th July 2023 (RR = 1.59, p = 0.001). Spatiotemporal clusters were detected in Dasenech (RR = 2.26, p &lt; 0.001) Salamago, (RR = 2.97, p &lt; 0.001) Hamer (RR = 1.95, p &lt; 0.001), Malie (RR = 2.03, p &lt; 0.001), Bena Tsemay (RR = 1.80, p &lt; 0.001), Nyngatom (RR = 2.65, p &lt; 0.001), North Ari (RR = 1.50, p &lt; 0.001), and Jinka town (RR = 1.19, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionSignificant spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal clusters in malaria incidence were identified in the South Omo Zone. To better understand the factors contributing to these high-risk areas, further research is needed to explore individual, household, geographical, and climatic factors. Targeted interventions based on these findings could help reduce malaria incidence and associated risks in the region.
An evaluation study of direct economic losses from surgical site infections in adults: structural equation modeling
Authors: Zuo Qiuxia , Liu Di , Dong Baoji , Zhou Yuan , Zhao Kexin , Tian Ping 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionSurgical site infection (SSI) represents a significant postoperative complication, resulting in extended hospital stays and substantial economic burdens. Previous research on the direct economic impact of SSIs using recursive systems modeling is limited. This study aims to quantify the direct economic losses attributable to SSIs and to dissect the various factors to these losses.MethodsA retrospective 1:1 matched case–control study was conducted from January 2023 to March 2024 in three tertiary hospitals in Xinjiang, China. Patients with SSIs were matched on a 1:1 basis by hospital, department, age (±5 years), sex, primary diagnosis, and procedure with controls to form case and control groups. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was utilized to quantify the direct economic loss from SSIs. Influencing factors were analyzed using a recursive system model.ResultsAmong the 74,258 patients surveyed, 226 developed SSIs, resulting in an infection rate of 0.3%. The total direct economic loss from SSIs at three hospitals was $467,867, with an average loss of $1,364.37 per SSI patient. SSI patients experienced hospital stays 11 days longer than uninfected patients. Multivariate linear regression identified the duration of hospital stay, catheter and ventilator usage, age, number of surgeries, and duration of antibiotic treatment as influencing factors. Recursive system modeling revealed the indirect contributions of the number of surgeries (indirect effect: 0.074), antibiotic use for 17–36 days (indirect effect: 0.063) and ≥ 37 days (indirect effect: 0.045), and debridement procedures (indirect effect: 0.054), as well as the direct contributions of hospital days (direct effect: 0.276), indwelling catheter days (direct effect: 0.260), ventilator days (direct effect: 0.221), and age (direct effect: 0.182).ConclusionRecursive system modeling helped identify the key factors influencing the economic losses from SSIs. These findings provide a theoretical basis for healthcare departments to develop targeted policies.
Motivation and experiences of dentists of primary care dental clusters in Hungary: a qualitative inquiry
Authors: Sztrilich András , Túri Gergő , Kaposvári Csilla , Teller Rita , Vingender István 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundIn recent years, dental clusters and networks have been established in primary care in many countries to improve access to services for the population and develop cooperation between providers. In Hungary, the first dental clusters were established in 2021, and currently, one-third of dental practices have already joined a cluster. The study aimed to gather and analyze early experiences regarding the motivation of participation in primary care dental clusters and experiences of implementation.MethodsQualitative in-depth individual interviews with primary care dentists (n = 21). The study was designed to meet the COREQ criteria for reporting qualitative research. The research team members defined a purposive sample of interviewees. All interviews were conducted from March to April 2024. A qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze the interview transcripts. The WHO health system framework was chosen for the theoretical framework of the analysis.ResultsThe motivations for joining a dental cluster were financial reasons, professional development and knowledge exchange. Lack of information and distrust were barriers to joining the dental clusters. Different professional management practices have developed within the clusters. In the interviewees' opinion, the population's access to preventive dental services has not yet changed substantially under the new operational model. The portfolio of services offered by dental clusters could be expanded to include a range of types of care. Digital health technologies and innovative solutions should be developed and widely adopted.ConclusionsIn designing policy measures to promote the broader adoption of the dental cluster model, it is helpful to consider the different factors influencing dentists' decisions during implementation. Dental clusters can benefit the public and dentists, but further development of the model and improvement of the primary conditions for the operation of practices are essential.
Green norms in the workplace to promote environmental sustainability: the positive effect on green innovative work behaviors and person-environment relationship
Authors: Dibattista Ilaria , Berdicchia Domenico , Mazzardo Elena , Masino Giovanni 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThis study explores the relevance of behavioral and psychological factors in contributing to organizational environmental sustainability in the workplace.MethodsData were obtained from 271 workers in 5 organizations operating in the manufacturing sector in Italy and analyzed through a regression methodology. We tested two models, in which the employees’ perception of the work climate is derived from different sets of norms. In one model, we explored the influence of organizational policies and practices (injunctive norms). In another model, we explored the influence of peers’ behavior (social, descriptive norms).ResultsThe results show a positive impact of the employees’ perception of their work climate on both their propensity to engage in innovative green behaviors and their sense of personal connection with the environment, via environmental commitment. Moreover, we found that the employee’s organizational identification positively moderates the effect on green innovative behavior.DiscussionThis study underscores the relevance of creating and maintaining a pro-environment work climate in order to foster pro-environment innovative behavioral changes. Also, the results indirectly suggest that the influence on the sense of personal connection with the environment may generate a positive spill-over effect into the private life of workers.
Applying intervention mapping to develop a program for promoting short physical activity breaks during class time in upper secondary schools: the MOVE12 protocol study
Authors: Barene Svein , Johansen Patrick Foss , Tjomsland Hege Eikeland , Ølberg Rolf Inge , Thurston Miranda 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionPhysical inactivity is a global health challenge, exacerbated by increased screen time and sedentary behaviors. Enhancing physical activity levels at schools offers a promising approach to promote lifelong healthy habits.MethodsThis protocol paper outlines the MOVE12 pilot study, a 12-week intervention study designed to increase physical activity among Norwegian upper secondary school students through 6–7-min daily MOVE-breaks integrated into lessons. Developed using the six-phase Intervention Mapping (IM) protocol, grounded in the social-ecological model and self-determination theory, the intervention focuses on fostering motivation and creating a supportive environment. Key steps include needs assessment, performance objectives, theoretical methods, and program structuring for sustainability.ResultsLinear mixed models, t-tests, and regression analyses will evaluate quantitative outcomes, while qualitative focus groups will explore engagement and behavior change.DiscussionMOVE12 provides insights into scalable school-based interventions addressing physical inactivity, highlighting the potential of the IM framework to establish sustainable health promotion strategies.
Analysis of artery injury types and clinical characteristics of patients with transcatheter angioembolization after percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Meng Xianghu , Cong Rong , Hua Yibo , Wang Zengjun , Song Ninghong , Yang Wei , Song Rijin 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThere is no systematic classification of renal vascular injuries conducted for severe post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) bleeding.AimThe aim of the present study was to explore the various types of artery injury and clinical characteristics of patients who underwent transcatheter angioembolization (TAE) after PCNL.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 52 patients who underwent renal arteriography (RA) because of severe bleeding after PCNL between April 2009 and December 2023. Among the patients, 38 underwent TAE due to positive RA results. Clinical data on the TAE patients, such as gender, age, body mass index, TAE interval, hemoglobin (Hb) decrease, operation time, stone size, the number and size of tracts, and clinical bleeding type, were summarized. The types of artery injury in TAE patients and their relationships with clinical characteristics were analyzed.ResultsRetrospective analysis revealed that, among the 38 TAE patients (32 males and 6 females), the mean TAE interval, average Hb decrease, mean tract number, and mean tract size reached 5.00 (6.25) days, 44.50 (24.50) g/L, 1 (0.25), and F20(6), respectively. Among the TAE patients, four kinds of vascular injury were observed, namely, 18 cases of pseudoaneurysm (PA), 12 cases of arteriocaliceal fistula (ACF), 7 cases of arteriovenous fistula (AVF), and 1 case of arterioperirenal fistula (APF). Analysis of the clinical characteristics of the three types of vascular injury (PA, ACF, and AVF) revealed that the number of tracts was the only factor that differed.ConclusionThe RA results indicate that the types of postoperative renal artery injury mainly include PA, ACF, AVF, and APF, and the number of tracts may be related to the type of vascular injury.
The Bogomolny–Carioli Twisted Transfer Operators and the Bogomolny–Gauss Mapping Class Group
Authors: Lecian Orchidea Maria 
Published: January 2025

The twisted reflection operators are defined on the hyperbolic plane. They are then specialized in hyperbolic reflections, according to which the desymmetrized PSL (2,Z) group is rewritten. The Bogomolny–Carioli transfer operators are newly analytically expressed in terms of the Dehn twists. The Bogomolny–Gauss mapping class group of the desymmetrized PSL (2,Z) domain is newly proven. The paradigm to apply the Hecke theory on the CAT spaces on which the Dehn twists act is newly established. The Bogomolny–Gauss map is proven to be one of infinite topological entropy.