bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiometabolic risk factors in the Swedish Werlabs cohort based on self-initiated health screening: cohort profile
Authors: Coudé Adam Hannah , Hajimirsadeghi Omid , Krantz Lovisa , Brismar Kerstin , Norhammar Anna , Ueda Peter , Andersson Daniel Peter , Bandstein Forsberg Nadia 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThere is limited research on individuals undergoing self-initiated health examinations, and the Werlabs cohort will be a base for such research.ParticipantsAll individuals aged 18 or older who had undertaken a self-initiated health examination at Werlabs AB with at least one recorded value of creatinine or cholesterol in Sweden (from 1 January 2015 through 31 December 2023) was included. Medical history and anthropometric measurements were self-reported through an online questionnaire. We describe cohort baseline characteristics, demographic variables and cardiometabolic risk factors.Findings to dateThe study population includes 149 556 individuals who provided at least one health screening. The median (IQR) age was 43 (33–54) years and 54% were women. The most common self-reported chronic disease was hypertension (4.5%), followed by cardiovascular disease (0.9%) and 12.6% reported values of obesity. The prevalence was 2.1% for diabetes, 1.2% for kidney disease (including an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2), 57.8% for a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of >3.0 mmol/L and 4.1% for anaemia (haemoglobin <120 g/L and <130 g/L for women and men, respectively). Interestingly, 1.5% of the individuals had a glucose measurement of >7.0 mmol/L, without reporting a previous diagnosis of diabetes. In an analysis restricted to 621 individuals with recorded blood pressure data between the age of 40 and 70 years and without existing cardiovascular disease, diabetes or kidney disease, 35,4% were classified as high or very high cardiovascular risk according to the 2021 ESC guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention and with lipid levels that made them eligible for lipid-lowering therapy.Future plansThe Werlabs cohort comprises a rather healthy and young population that can provide opportunities for future studies on individuals undergoing self-initiated health examinations and has the potential to impact treatment of cardiometabolic risk factors.
Head and neck injuries from personal motorised vehicles in the United States
Authors: Edalati Shaun , Ratna Sujay , Slobin Jacqueline , Wallace Nathan J , Govindaraj Satish , Iloreta Alfred Marc 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe use of personal electric vehicles in the United States has increased head and neck injuries. This study analyses the types, frequencies, demographics and management of these injuries across motorised vehicles.MethodsThis study uses 2020–2023 data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System to analyse injuries from various powered vehicles, incorporating diagnostic, event-related and demographic factors. In addition, the study evaluates non-powered skateboard-related injuries, which provided a comparable baseline for motorised vehicle injuries.ResultsOur analysis included 3721 head and neck injuries: 1359 from scooters, 1743 from skateboards and 619 from hoverboards. Males sustained most injuries, accounting for 64% of scooter accidents, 74% of skateboard accidents and 58% of hoverboard accidents. Hospitalisation was required in 10% of scooter accidents, 9.2% of skateboard accidents and 6.9% of hoverboard accidents. Males, alcohol use and drug use were associated with increased risk of hospitalisation (p=0.00002, p=0.00004 and p<0.00001, respectively). Internal injury (37%) and lacerations (24%) were the most common types of injury. In cases, wear helmets were worn involving helmets, there were no significant differences in hospitalisation rates.DiscussionThese findings underscore the need for improved injury prevention strategies, including more effective helmet designs and infrastructure enhancements, to reduce the growing burden of micromobility vehicle-related head and neck injuries.ConclusionThe rising incidence of head and neck injuries associated with personal mobility vehicles highlights the need for injury management and prevention strategies. Helmets may mitigate head and neck injuries associated with motorised scooters, skateboards and hoverboards.
Mass and angular momentum for the Kerr black hole in TEGR and STEGR
Authors: Emtsova E. D. , Petrov A. N. , Toporensky A. V. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study the energy–momentum characteristics of the rotating black hole–Kerr solution of general relativity in the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR) and the symmetric teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (STEGR). The previously constructed spacetime-covariant and Lorentz-invariant expressions for conserved Noether currents, superpotentials, and charges are used. The Noether charges describe the total energy, momentum, or angular momentum of a gravitational system depending on the choice of displacement vector

$$\xi $$

ξ

. To define the covariant and invariant conserved quantities in both TEGR and STEGR, one needs to use external fields which are flat teleparallel connections. To determine the non-dynamical connections in TEGR and STEGR, we use the unified “turning-off” gravity principle. In addition, to analyze the Noether conserved quantities in these theories, we use the concept of “gauges.” Changes in the gauge can affect the Noether conserved quantities. We highlight two ways to turn off gravity—by

$$M \rightarrow 0$$

M
→
0

and by

$$M \rightarrow 0, ~ a \rightarrow 0$$

M
→
0
,

a
→
0

—which give us different gauges in TEGR and STEGR. In both kinds of gauges, we obtain the expected values of black hole mass and angular momentum. Our attempts to find gauges which could lead to a correspondence to Einstein’s equivalence principle for the Kerr solution were unsuccessful in both TEGR and STEGR. However, these exercises helped us to find a related gauge for the Schwarzschild solution in STEGR that is a novel finding.
Inpatient Mortality and Safety Culture: The Critical Role of Nurses and Nurse Staffing
Authors: Alanazi Faisal Khalaf , Molloy Luke , Lapkin Samuel , Sim Jenny 
Published: January 2025

Background: Inpatient mortality is a critical outcome measure for healthcare services. Improving patient outcomes and ensuring high‐quality healthcare outcomes requires an understanding of the factors that contribute to inpatient mortality.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impact of safety culture, quality of care, missed care, and nurse staffing on inpatient mortality rates and nurse‐reported inpatient death frequency.Methods: A cross‐sectional survey and an administrative dataset on inpatient mortality were used in this study. A web‐based survey was conducted among nurses from 34 units in five acute public hospitals. Inpatient mortality data between 2018 and 2021 were collected from participating units. The study variables were analyzed using generalized linear models.Results: Safety culture scores were less than positive in all hospitals, and most nurses reported missed care during their last shift. However, nursing units that had strong subscale scores for teamwork climate, safety climate, and safety behavior had lower incidence rates of inpatient mortality and fewer nurse‐reported inpatient deaths in their units.Conclusion: The study’s findings highlight the importance of teamwork climate, safety climate, and safety behaviors on safety culture and the role nurses play in reducing inpatient mortality rates and lowering nurse‐reported inpatient death frequency.
Lifitegrast in Treatment of Dry Eye Disease—A Practical, Narrative Expert Review
Authors: Landsend Erlend C. S. , Istre Mads , Utheim Tor P. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder affecting millions worldwide. Inflammation plays a central role in DED. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate the literature concerning the efficacy and safety of lifitegrast, a small molecule immunomodulator that blocks the action of lymphocyte function‐associated antigen‐1.Methods: Studies were identified using PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria, six of which were randomized controlled trials. The articles were assessed regarding the effect of lifitegrast on symptoms and signs of DED, its usefulness compared to other treatments, and potential adverse events.Results: The analysis demonstrated positive effects of lifitegrast on subjective and objective parameters of DED in the selected studies. However, despite promising results, the included studies did not provide enough evidence to conclude that lifitegrast could outperform other treatments of DED. No major side effects were reported.Conclusions: Based on the current literature, we conclude that lifitegrast could improve various parameters of DED. Still, larger controlled trials are required to establish additional benefits of this medication beyond those of other DED treatments.
Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction Ameliorates DSS‐Induced Colitis in Mice via the Modulation of NF‐κB and Nrf2/HO‐1 Pathways
Authors: Huang Jinke , Zhang Jiaqi , Liu Zhihong , Ma Jing , Wang Yifan , Wang Fengyun , Tang Xudong 
Published: January 2025

Background: This study aims to reveal the potential molecular mechanisms of modified Gegen Qinlian decoction (MGQD) in relieving ulcerative colitis (UC).Methods: C57BL/6J mice were used to establish experimental colitis via dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Body weight, disease activity index (DAI), spleen weight, colon length, and histopathologic features were measured to evaluate the therapeutic effects of MGQD on mice with UC. The ELISA kits were employed to assess the concentrations of interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Western blot analyses were used to assess the levels of IκBα, p65, p‐IκBα, p‐p65, HO‐1, and Nrf2. Moreover, the protein levels of Nrf2 and p‐p65 were assessed by immunofluorescence.Results: Colitis‐related symptoms in mice were significantly alleviated by MGQD. Moreover, MGQD inhibited the levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, MDA, and ROS and increased the level of GSH in mice with UC. Mechanistically, MGQD prevented the activation of the NF‐κB pathway and concomitantly promoted the activation of the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway.Conclusion: MGQD alleviated UC by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress via the modulation of NF‐κB and Nrf2/HO‐1 pathways, suggesting that MGQD may be a candidate therapy for UC.
Associations of Social, Behavioral, and Clinical Factors With Sex Differences in Stroke Recurrence and Poststroke Mortality
Authors: Chen Chen , Reeves Mathew J. , He Kevin , Morgenstern Lewis B. , Lisabeth Lynda D. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:
Few population-based studies have assessed sex differences in stroke recurrence. In addition, contributors to sex differences in recurrence and poststroke mortality, including social factors, are unclear. We investigated sex differences in these outcomes and the contribution of social, clinical, and behavioral factors to the sex differences.

METHODS:
First-ever ischemic stroke cases identified from 2008 to 2019 from the population-based Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project in Texas were included and followed for recurrence and all-cause mortality through 2020. Sex differences in outcomes with and without adjustment for potential confounding factors, including social, behavioral, and clinical factors, were examined using Cox proportional hazard models. Factors that changed the log hazard ratio (HR) for sex by at least 10% after adjustment were identified as confounders/contributors. Final models were adjusted for all identified confounders.

RESULTS:
Of 2326 participants (mean age, 68 years; 48% women; 57% Mexican American), over median follow-ups of 5.4 years for recurrence and 3.7 years for mortality, 274 recurrences and 965 deaths occurred. No significant sex differences in recurrence were noted in unadjusted (HR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.70–1.13]), age-adjusted (HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.72–1.18]), or fully adjusted models (HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.67–1.16]). Although women had a higher crude mortality rate than men (HR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.08–1.38]), this sex difference disappeared after age adjustment (HR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.80–1.03]). Other factors contributing to the sex difference included education, marital status, prestroke depression, health behaviors, initial stroke severity, prestroke disability, comorbidities, atrial fibrillation, and coronary artery disease. After simultaneously adjusting for all identified confounders, women had lower poststroke mortality (HR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.68–0.91]).

CONCLUSIONs:
Sex differences in stroke recurrence were not apparent. Women had a higher unadjusted poststroke mortality rate but lower adjusted mortality than men. Social and psychosocial factors, alongside clinical factors, primarily explained the sex disparity in poststroke mortality.
Une crux dans le texte de Flavius Josèphe (BJ 4.164) : le sacrifice de sa vie par le grand-prêtre Ananos
Authors: Liberman Gauthier 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We revisit the well-known crux affecting Flavius Josephus BJ 4.164 and propose a new solution based on a very close study of the subtle reasoning of the high priest Ananos in his discourse. In the process we shed light on Josephus’ complex portrayal of a character who plays an important part in the narrative of the Jewish War. The suggested new solution implies the loss of two lines in an antigraphon; unraveling the priest’s reasoning, we state what we think was meant in the presumably lost lines and, using Josephus’ phraseology, we offer a tentative restitution of what stood there.
Shared Tastes: Similarity in Aristotelian Character Friendship
Authors: Purdy Ashley 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aristotle claims that character friends are similar to each other. How should we understand this similarity, and what role does it play in friendship? In the paper, I argue that a broad similarity of ‘tastes’—which I understand as the appreciation of relatively good ends—is at least a facilitating condition on the formation of character friendship. This is because it (i) facilitates seeing the other as good in the first place, which is essential to character friendship; and (ii) enables the friends to spend time and share in activities together, which is characteristic of character friendship.
Safety of pre-operative venogram for hemodialysis access planning in pre-end-stage kidney disease patients
Authors: Holden-Wingate Lucinda R , Fitzgibbon James J , Appah-Sampong Abena , Rana Omar , Holden-Wingate Christopher , Cruz Melissa , Ruan Mengyuan , Ozaki Charles Keith , Hentschel Dirk M , Hussain Mohamad A 
Published: January 2025

Background: Although conventional pre-operative venography can accurately delineate venous anatomy as an alternative to ultrasound for hemodialysis access planning, it may carry a risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and progression of renal failure in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients not yet on dialysis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of pre-operative venograms in pre-end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study (2018–2022) of consecutive pre-ESKD patients who underwent staged bilateral venograms for preoperative vein mapping prior to hemodialysis access creation at a tertiary care medical center. Patients were identified through an institutional database and data were extracted with chart review adjudication. The primary safety outcome was a composite of unplanned dialysis initiation within 7 days of venogram or development of contrast-induced AKI. Secondary outcomes included vascular access creation within 1 year of index venogram. Results: A total of 142 pre-ESKD patients underwent 284 venograms. Mean (SD) age was 67 (14) years; 55% were female; and 65% of patients had stage 5 CKD, whereas 35% had stage 3 or 4 CKD. Rate of the primary safety outcome was 2.5%, which was driven by a 2.5% rate of contrast-induced AKI with no instances of unplanned dialysis initiation within 7 days of either venogram. Ultimately, 120 (85%) vascular accesses were created, of which 96% were autogenous fistulas. Forearm arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) were the most common configuration (69%) followed by upper arm AVFs (27%); AV grafts were created in 4% of cases. Conclusion: In a population of pre-ESKD patients, staged bilateral venograms led to few cases of reversible contrast-induced AKI with no instances of unplanned dialysis initiation. Furthermore, access creation was achieved in 85% of patients with the majority consisting of forearm AVFs. Therefore, preoperative venography for access planning appears safe in pre-ESKD patients.
Icariin improves learning and memory function by enhancing HRD1-mediated ubiquitination of amyloid precursor protein in APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Chen Xia , Lin Cong , He Chengfen , Li Kaikai , Gao Jianmei , Gong Qihai , Li Fei 
Published: January 2025

Background One of the hallmark pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulated in brain, which is mainly derived from the proteolytic processing of amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP). The ubiquitin-proteasome system is able to reduce Aβ generation by ubiquitination and degradation of AβPP. Icariin (ICA), a flavonoid isolated from Epimedium brevicornum Maxim., has been reported that it could regulate the metabolism of AβPP and reduce the Aβ level in AD in vivo and in vitro models. Objective To investigate whether the effect of ICA on AβPP and Aβ is related to AβPP ubiquitination. Methods We used in vivo and in vitro models to observe the effect of ICA on AβPP ubiquitination as well as to investigate the effect of HMG-CoA reductase degradation protein 1 (HRD1), an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, on the processing of AβPP ubiquitination. Results This study showed that ICA improved the cognitive abilities of APP/PS1 AD mice in Morris Water Maze and Y-maze tests, upregulated HRD1 expression, subsequently elevated the total ubiquitination and K48-linked polyubiquitination of AβPP level, as well as increased AβPP degradation. Moreover, silenced HRD1 gene abolished the aforementioned effects of ICA. Furthermore, ICA decreased the location of AβPP in the early endosome, where AβPP is cleaved into Aβ, evidenced by reducing the co-localization of AβPP and early endosome antigen 1 (EEA1). Conclusions This study demonstrated that ICA increased AβPP degradation by upregulating HRD1 mediated ubiquitination.
Charles Bonnet syndrome in patients with geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Eriksen Nathalie Skovgaard , Mousavi Nabi , Subhi Yousif , Sørensen Torben Lykke , Krogh Nielsen Marie 
Published: January 2025

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent cause of irreversible vision loss among the elderly. The prevalence and detailed characteristics of Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) remain largely unexplored in patients with geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to AMD. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of CBS in patients with GA secondary to AMD. Design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 149 patients with GA secondary to AMD were previously screened and examined for clinical studies. These patients were then prospective contacted by telephone for this study, and 120 patients responded and agreed to do an interview on symptoms of CBS. All with CBS were inquired about detailed characteristics of their hallucinations. Results: Patients with GA secondary to AMD were aged 82.1 ± 6.2 years and 62% were of female biological sex. The prevalence of CBS was 25 in 120 (20.8%). Thirteen (52%) of those with CBS were not previously informed of the disease. We found no difference between those with and without CBS in terms of age, biological sex, hearing difficulties, whether living alone or with others, co-morbidity of psychiatric or neurological diseases, or psychotropic use. Characteristics of the visual hallucinations were reported to occur at various frequencies from daily to less than monthly, occur during various times of the day, and almost always last minutes at most. Ten in 25 (40%) had not told anyone of having CBS. Conclusion: One in five with GA has CBS, which ranks GA as an eye disease with one of the highest reported prevalences of CBS. The condition presents with a significant variation across the patient group. A very large proportion of those with CBS were not informed of the disease and had never told anyone of their condition by their own initiative.
Prostate cancer cells elevate glycolysis and G6PD in response to caffeic acid phenethyl ester-induced growth inhibition
Authors: Lin Tzu-Ping , Chen Pei-Chun , Lin Ching-Yu , Wang Bi-Juan , Kuo Ying-Yu , Yeh Chien-Chih , Tseng Jen-Chih , Huo Chieh , Kao Cheng-Li , Shih Li-Jane , Chen Jen-Kun , Li Chia-Yang , Hour Tzyh-Chyuan , Chuu Chih-Pin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is the main bioactive component of poplar type propolis. We previously reported that treatment with caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) suppressed the cell proliferation, tumor growth, as well as migration and invasion of prostate cancer (PCa) cells via inhibition of signaling pathways of AKT, c-Myc, Wnt and EGFR. We also demonstrated that combined treatment of CAPE and docetaxel altered the genes involved in glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. We therefore suspect that CAPE treatment may interfere glucose metabolism in PCa cells.

Methods
Seahorse Bioenergetics platform was applied to analyzed the extra cellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of PCa cells under CAPE treatment. UPLC-MSMS with Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM), PCR, and western blot were used to analyze the effects of CAPE on metabolites, genes, and proteins involved in glycolysis, TCA cycle and pentose phosphate pathway in PCa cells. Flow cytometry and ELISA were used to determine the level of reactive oxygen species in PCa cells being treated with CAPE.

Results
Seahorse Bioenergetics analysis revealed that ECAR, glycolysis, OCR, and ATP production were elevated in C4-2B cells under CAPE treatment. Protein levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD), glutaminase (GLS), phospho-AMPK Thr172 as well as abundance of pyruvate, lactate, ribulose-5-phosphate, and sedoheptulose-7-phosphate were increased in CAPE-treated C4-2B cells. ROS level decreased 48 h after treatment with CAPE. Co-treatment of AMPK inhibitor with CAPE exhibited additive growth inhibition on PCa cells.

Conclusions
Our study indicated that PCa cells attempted to overcome the CAPE-induced stress by upregulation of glycolysis and G6PD but failed to impede the growth inhibition caused by CAPE. Concurrent treatment of CAPE and inhibitors targeting glycolysis may be effective therapy for advanced PCa.