bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Olmesartan alleviates SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein induced renal fibrosis by regulating HMGB1 release and autophagic degradation of TGF-β1
Authors: Zhou Shilin , Yu Zanzhe , Chen Zihui , Ning Fengling , Hu Xuetao , Wu Tiangang , Li Mingxue , Xin Hong , Reilly Svetlana , Zhang Xuemei 
Published: May 2023

Background and aims: Renal damage in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly associated with mortality. Finding relevant therapeutic candidates that can alleviate it is crucial. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) have been shown to be harmless to COVID-19 patients, but it remains elusive whether ACEIs/ARBs have protective benefits to them. We wished to determine if ACEIs/ARBs had a protective effect on the renal damage associated with COVID-19, and to investigate the mechanism.Methods: We used the envelope (E) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) to induce COVID-19-like multiple organ damage and observed renal fibrosis. We induced the epithelial–mesenchymal transformation of HK-2 cells with E protein, and found that olmesartan could alleviate it significantly. The protective effects of olmesartan on E protein-induced renal fibrosis were evaluated by renal-function assessment, pathologic alterations, inflammation, and the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. The distribution of high-mobility group box (HMGB)1 was examined after stimulation with E protein and olmesartan administration.Results: E protein stimulated HMGB1 release, which triggered the immune response and promoted activation of TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling: both could lead to renal fibrosis. Olmesartan regulated the distribution of HMGB1 under E protein stimulation. Olmesartan inhibited the release of HMGB1, and reduced the inflammatory response and activation of TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling. Olmesartan increased the cytoplasmic level of HMGB1 to promote the autophagic degradation of TGF-β1, thereby alleviating fibrosis further.Conclusion: Olmesartan alleviates E protein-induced renal fibrosis by regulating the release of HMGB1 and its mediated autophagic degradation of TGF-β1.
Based on adaptive modulation laser communication multi-microgrids scheduling system
Authors: Chang Ying , Chang Dajun , Su Li 
Published: May 2023

In order to improve the data sharing and comprehensive information processing capabilities between multi-microgrids in the power system, the multi-microgrids scheduling system based on laser communication has been proposed. In order to reduce the error rate of laser communication and reduce the impact of atmospheric turbulence on signal acquisition, an adaptive modulation algorithm has been designed. A mathematical model for laser communication modulation and demodulation based on adaptive modulation algorithm has been constructed. In simulation analysis, the target signal was extracted from the original signal superimposed with atmospheric turbulence noise through filtering and demodulation. The energy fluctuation of the extracted signal decreased from 47.3 to 5 mV. The energy attenuation trend of communication lasers within the range of 0–6 km was experimentally tested. Within 2.0 km, the energy demodulation results of both algorithms are similar, both below 10%. After exceeding 2.0 km, the calculation error of the adaptive modulation algorithm remains basically unchanged, while the error of traditional algorithms increases by about twice. For the APD response value, the adaptive modulation algorithm demodulation has a higher response range concentration ratio and the higher envelope recognition. Under different nominal atmospheric turbulence values, the maximum error rates of the adaptive modulation algorithm are 5.8 × 10−8, 8.9 × 10−8, and 1.2 × 10−7, respectively, while the maximum error rates of the amplitude coherent algorithm are 2.9 × 10−5, 6.3 × 10−5, and 1.05 × 10−4, respectively. It can effectively suppress the impact of atmospheric turbulence on the error rate of laser communication by adaptive modulation algorithm.
Peripheral skin cooling during hyper-gravity: hemodynamic reactions
Authors: Kagelmann Niklas , Janke David , Maggioni Martina Anna , Gunga Hanns-Christian , Riveros Rivera Alain , Genov Magdalena , Noppe Alexandra , Habazettl Helmut , Bothe Tomas Lucca , Nordine Michael , Castiglioni Paolo , Opatz Oliver 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Orthostatic dysregulation occurs during exposure to an increased gravitational vector and is especially common upon re-entering standard Earth gravity (1 g) after an extended period in microgravity (0 g). External peripheral skin cooling (PSC) has recently been described as a potent countermeasure against orthostatic dysregulation during heat stress and in lower body negative pressure (LBNP) studies. We therefore hypothesized that PSC may also be an effective countermeasure during hyper-gravity exposure (+Gz).Methods: To investigate this, we designed a randomized short-arm human centrifuge (SAHC) experiment (“Coolspin”) to investigate whether PSC could act as a stabilizing factor in cardiovascular function during +Gz. Artificial gravity between +1 g and +4 g was generated by a SAHC. 18 healthy male volunteers completed two runs in the SAHC. PSC was applied during one of the two runs and the other run was conducted without cooling. Each run consisted of a 10-min baseline trial followed by a +Gz step protocol marked by increasing g-forces, with each step being 3 min long. The following parameters were measured: blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), total peripheral resistance (TPR), cardiac output (CO). Furthermore, a cumulative stress index for each subject was calculated.Results: +Gz led to significant changes in primary as well as in secondary outcome parameters such as HR, SV, TPR, CO, and BP. However, none of the primary outcome parameters (HR, cumulative stress-index, BP) nor secondary outcome parameters (SV, TPR, CO) showed any significant differences—whether the subject was cooled or not cooled. Systolic BP did, however, tend to be higher amongst the PSC group.Conclusion: In conclusion, PSC during +Gz did not confer any significant impact on hemodynamic activity or orthostatic stability during +Gz. This may be due to lower PSC responsiveness of the test subjects, or an insufficient level of body surface area used for cooling. Further investigations are warranted in order to comprehensively pinpoint the exact degree of PSC needed to serve as a useful countermeasure system during +Gz.
The relative reinforcing efficacy of nicotine in an adolescent rat model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Smethells John R. , Burroughs Danielle , Saykao Amy , LeSage Mark G. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an independent risk factor for tobacco use disorder. Individuals with ADHD are more likely to begin smoking at a younger age, become a daily smoker sooner, smoke more cigarettes per day, and exhibit greater nicotine dependence than individuals without ADHD. It is unclear whether these findings are due to the reinforcing efficacy of nicotine per se being greater among individuals with ADHD. The purpose of the present study was to examine this issue using an animal model of ADHD, the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) strain.MethodsAdolescent SHR and Wistar (control) rats were given access to a typically reinforcing nicotine unit dose (30 μg/kg), a threshold reinforcing nicotine dose (4 μg/kg), or saline under an FR 1 (week 1) and FR 2 (week 2) schedule during 23 h sessions to examine acquisition of self-administration. Behavioral economic demand elasticity was then evaluated at the 30 μg/kg dose through an FR escalation procedure.ResultsAt the 30 μg/kg dose, SHR rats exhibited a lower average response rate, lower mean active to inactive lever discrimination ratio, and lower proportion of rats acquiring self-administration compared to control rats. During demand assessment, SHR rats showed no significant difference from Wistars in demand intensity (Q0) or elasticity (α; i.e., reinforcing efficacy). In addition, no strain difference in acquisition measures were observed at the 4 μg/kg dose.DiscussionThese findings suggest that the increased risk of tobacco use disorder in adolescents with ADHD may not be attributable to a greater reinforcing efficacy of nicotine, and that other aspects of tobacco smoking (e.g., non-nicotine constituents, sensory factors) may play a more important role. A policy implication of these findings is that a nicotine standard to reduce initiation of tobacco use among adolescents in the general population may also be effective among those with ADHD.
COVID-19 responses and coping in young Malaysians from low-income families
Authors: Wong Li Ping , Farid Nik Daliana Nik , Alias Haridah , Yusop Sofia Md , Musa Zuhrah , Hu Zhijian , Lin Yulan 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThis study aimed to shed light on how young people from low-income families were responding to COVID-19.MethodsThis cross-sectional study recruited young people aged between 18 and 24 years from the low-income-group communities. A convenience sampling approach was used. Google Surveys were used to gather data from the survey. The questionnaire consisted of an assessment of demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, parent–youth conflict (Parental Environment Questionnaire, PEQ), resilient coping (Brief Resilient Coping Scale, BRCS), and psychological distress (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-short form, DASS-21).ResultsA total of 561 complete responses were received. The results showed a low level of parent–child conflict in the overall study population, with a median PEQ of 48.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 36–48]. Higher parent–child conflicts were found in females than in males (OR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.19–2.57) and in youth from households with an income below MYR 2000 than those earning MYR 3,001–5,000 (OR = 4.39, 95% CI 2.40–8.03). A low prevalence of depression (12.5%), anxiety (15.2%), and stress (6.4%) was found. Parent–child conflict remains the strongest significant predictor for higher levels of depression (OR = 10.90, 95% CI 4.31–27.57), anxiety (OR = 11.92, 95% CI 5.05–28.14), and stress (OR = 4.79, 95% CI 1.41–16.33) symptoms. Poor resilient coping was the second strongest predictor for depression and anxiety symptoms. Regarding lifestyle factors, a lower level of physical exercise was associated with higher symptoms of depression. By demographics, females reported more severe symptoms of depression and anxiety than males. Young people from low-income households reported greater severity in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress than those from high-income households. Young people who are employed also reported greater severity of anxiety symptoms than those who are unemployed.DiscussionThe COVID-19 pandemic continues to have an unpredictable impact on the lives of vulnerable youth in low-income families that warrants attention in future advocacy efforts.
Post-COVID-19 syndrome and quality of life impairment in severe COVID-19 Mexican patients
Authors: Román-Montes Carla Marina , Flores-Soto Yesenia , Guaracha-Basañez Guillermo Arturo , Tamez-Torres Karla María , Sifuentes-Osornio José , González-Lara Ma. Fernanda , León Alfredo Ponce de 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPost-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) usually occurs 3 months after the onset of COVID-19 with a symptom duration of at least 2 months without an alternative diagnosis.ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the prevalence, characteristics, and impact on the quality of life (QoL) of post-COVID-19 syndrome in patients with a history of hospitalization for COVID-19.Materials and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study. Patients who required hospitalization due to COVID-19 between March 2020 and October 2021 were invited to answer a PCS questionnaire and the EQ-5D instrument. A total of 246 patients were included: 187 (76%) met the definition of PCS and 54% were men, with a median age of 50 years (IQR 41–63).ResultsFrom 187 patients with PCS, the median time to symptom onset after hospital discharge was 1 day (IQR 1–20), and the median symptom duration was 150 days (IQR 90–225). A total of 27 different symptoms were reported; the most frequent were difficulty concentrating (81%), dyspnea (75%), arthralgia (71%), fatigue (68%), and hair loss (60%). Some symptoms, such as difficulty concentrating, arthralgia/myalgia, and hair loss, were more prevalent in women with PCS. Patients with PCS had a higher frequency of tobacco smoking (37 vs. 4%, p = 0.02) and increased severity of lung involvement in the initial chest tomography (75 vs. 58%, p = 0.01) than those without PCS. Patients with PCS were less likely to receive antivirals (15.5 vs. 27%, p = 0.04). No difference between ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and length of hospital stay was found. Patients with PCS had a lower visual analog scale result for EQ-5D vs. those without (80 [IQR 70–90] vs. 89.5 [IQR 75–90], p = 0.05). All five QoL dimensions were affected in PCS patients, showing increased pain/discomfort (67 vs. 39%, p = &lt; 0.001), difficulties in performing usual activities (39.2 vs. 20.3%, p = 0.03), and anxiety/depression (57.5 vs. 37%, p = 0.02).ConclusionPCS occurred in 76% of hospitalized patients with prolonged duration and QoL impairment. Neurological symptoms such as difficulty concentrating were the most frequent symptoms. Timely diagnostic and therapeutic interventions are required.
Desmunhecando e Empretecendo a Universidade
Authors: Lima Mauricio Barbosa de , Oliveira Megg Rayara Gomes de 
Published: May 2023

Neste trabalho, aborda-se o movimentar sinuosamente a coluna e os quadris para tornar a universidade mais preta e afrescalhada, levantando-se a seguinte questão: o que podem os corpos pretos, bichas e sapatões ao se reunirem em torno de uma professora travesti e negra em aulas que interseccionam gênero e raça? O salto alto, como instrumento político, causa barulho em um ambiente higienizado e abre espaço para diferentes corporeidades ocuparem uma instituição pública de ensino superior. A escrevivência, criada pela escritora e pesquisadora Conceição Evaristo, surge neste trabalho de abordagem qualitativa como uma ferramenta metodológica intrínseca a uma perspectiva de pesquisa implicada, situada entre produção artística e científica dos seus participantes. Escrevivências de corpos que desmunhecam e empretecem a universidade, apontando para uma positividade ao criar áreas de pertencimento, compartilhamento e coletividade.
On the meaning of the term «emerging contaminants»
Authors: Кофман В.Я. 
Published: May 2023

Термин «emerging contaminants» получил широкое распространение в современной научно-технической литературе, посвященной проблематике загрязнения окружающей среды. Между тем примеры употребления вариантов перевода данного термина в русскоязычной профильной литературе свидетельствуют об отсутствии адекватного понимания значения данного термина. В англоязычной научно-технической литературе к «emerging contaminants» в настоящее время относят вещества и материалы природного, промышленного или искусственного происхождения, которые были обнаружены или предположительно присутствуют в различных средах, и токсичность или стабильность которых могут существенно изменить метаболизм живых существ. Такие вещества классифицируют как «emerging contaminants» до тех пор, пока в научной литературе существует недостаток информации или плохо документированы вопросы о связанных с ними потенциальных проблемах. В целом «emerging contaminants» демонстрируют определенный потенциал для создания рисков для здоровья человека или окружающей среды, но не подпадают пока под регулирующие критерии или нормы для защиты здоровья человека или окружающей среды. Общим для них является отсутствие соответствующих данных о месте в окружающей среде и потенциальной токсичности, что не позволяет правильно оценить связанные с ними риски. Уже регулируемые, предположительно хорошо известные загрязняющие вещества могут вновь обрести статус «emerging contaminants» по мере поступления новой научной информации, что послужит основанием для регулирующих органов пересмотреть свои нормы и рекомендации.
The term «emerging contaminants» has been widely used in modern scientific and technical literature on the problem of environmental pollution. Meanwhile, the examples of using translation versions of this term in the Russian-language relevant literature indicate the lack of an adequate understanding of the meaning of this term. In the English-language scientific and technical literature «emerging contaminants» currently refer to the substances and materials of natural, industrial or artificial origin found or presumably present in various environments; and their toxicity or stability can significantly change the metabolism of living beings. These substances have been classified as «emerging contaminants» while there is a lack of information in the scientific literature, or questions about their potential problems have been poorly documented. In general, «emerging contaminants» show certain potential to create risks to the human health or environment; however, they have not been subject to regulatory criteria or standards to protect human health or the environment, so far. What they have in common is the lack of relevant data on the environmental role and potential toxicity, which makes assessing correctly the risks associated with them impossible. Already regulated, presumably well-known pollutants may revert to the status of «emerging contaminants» as and when new scientific information becomes available, prompting regulators to revise regulations and recommendations.
Profil Pengguna Kartu Telepon Seluler di Kota Manado Menggunakan Analisis Korespondensi
Authors: Hatidja Djoni 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kecenderungan konsumen dalam memilih dan menggunakan kartu telepon selular di kota Manado. Penelitian dilaksankan di Kota Manado pada bulan Juli sampai September 2006 dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 200 orang yang dibagi secara acak di kota Manado. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa konsumen telepon kartu di kota Manado cenderung menggunakan kartu flexi karena banyak undian, biaya percapakannya murah, pulsanya murah serta biaya SMS yang murah. Konsumen cenderung menggunakan kartu simpati karena jangakauannya Luas. Konsumen cenderung menggunakan kartu matriks karena harga perdananya murah dan tempat penjualan pulsanya murah. Konsumen cenderung menggunakan kartu AS, dan mentari karena penggunanya banyak, harga vouchernya murah, dan tidak merepotkan dalam pengisian pulsa. Konsumen cenderung menggunakan Pro XL bebas karena harga vouchernya murah. Sedangkan kartu XPLO, kartu hallo dan kartu Pro XL jempol cenderung tidak diminati oleh konsumen kartu telepon.
Kata kunci : Kartu telepon, telepon seluler, analisis korespondensi
CONSUMER PROFILE CELLULAR PHONE CARD IN MANADO USING CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research that seen consumer trend to choose and using cellulsr phone card in Manado. This research carried out in Manado on July until September 2006 with 200 sample size. The result shows that phone card consumer tend was using flexi card because much lottery, cheap talking cost, cheap pulse and cheap short message (SMS). Consumer tend was using matrix card because cheap prepayment, and easy to search salle location. Consumer tend was using AS and Mentari card because much user’s, cheap voucher price and easy to recharged pulse. Consumen tend was using Pro XL because cheap voucher price. While, XPLO, Hallo card, and Jempol Po XL tend wasn’t using by consumer.
Keywords: Phone card, cellular phone, correspondence analysis
PEMILIHAN SUPPLIER MINUMAN BOBA MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) PADA KAFE TITIK SEDUH DI KABUPATEN NIAS BARAT
Authors: Daeli Estomini , Junita Imelda 
Published: May 2023

Setiap perusahaan perlu membuat keputusan pemilihan supplier yang tepat karena dapat berdampak pada produktivitas, kelancaran operasional perusahaan, serta perolehan keuntungan bagi perusahaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemilihan supplier minuman boba yang tepat pada Kafe Titik Seduh di Kabupaten Nias Barat dengan mengunakan metode Analitycal Hierarchy Process (AHP). Analisis terhadap pemilihan supplier minuman boba terbaik ini dilakukan secara hirarkis dengan melakukan penilaian perbandingan berpasangan antara kriteria pertimbangan yang terdiri dari harga, kualitas, layanan, ketersediaan bahan dan jarak, dilanjutkan dengan penilaian perbandingan berpasangan antar alternatif supplier. Pengukuran konsistensi yang dilakukan terhadap hasil penilaian perbandingan berpasangan pada kriteria, sub-kriteria dan supplier oleh 5 responden pengambilan keputusan menunjukan bahwa penilaian telah dilakukan secara konsisten. Berdasarkan perbandingan berpasangan antara kriteria yang dilakukan dalam pemilihan supplier tersebut, kriteria kualitas menjadi kriteria yang dianggap paling penting dan kriteria jarak yang paling tidak penting. Sedangkan berdasarkan analisis secara keseluruhan atas penilaian antara alternatif supplier dengan mempertimbangkan seluruh kriteria serta sub-kriteria yang ada, maka Toko Comel menjadi supplier terbaik dibandingkan Toko Oji dan Toko Depot Kuliner.
Kata Kunci: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), pemilihan supplier, perbandingan berpasangan, produktivitas, kelancaran operasional, keuntungan
Pengaruh Waktu Las Gesek Titik Terhadap Sambungan Lembaran Bodi Mobil
Authors: SURYADI  , Syahbuddin  
Published: May 2023

Ketika produsen mobil memperluas penggunaan aluminium pada kendaraan, minat pada alternatif teknologi penggabungan, seperti Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) semakin meningkat. Selain itu juga dikenal sebagai Friction stir spot joining, FSSW telah ada sejak 2003. Proses ini dikembangkan oleh Mazda Motor Corp dan Kawasaki Heavy Industri untuk memasang kap aluminium dan pintu belakang mobil sport RX-8. Sejak FSSW telah digunakan oleh Toyota Motor Corp, General Motors Co, Ford Motor Co, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles dan PSA Peugeot Citroen. Teknologi ini juga semakin diminati dari produsen pesawat terbang, peralatan, truk, kereta api, peralatan off-road dan bahkan elektronik konsumen. Sekarang sudah ditetapkan sebagai proses untuk menggabungkan aluminium ke aluminium, mempelajari apakah FSSW dapat digunakan untuk penggabungan aluminium ke baja dan baja ke baja [1].
Hasil dari pengujian tarik dan struktur mikro didapatkan beban maksimal pada plat SPCC pada dwell time 20 s dengan beban maksimal 280 kgf dan tegangan maksimalnya 37 kgf/ mm2 terlihat pada gambar struktur mikro panjang B (kearah bawah) 0.17 mm, pada plat SS400 pada dwell time 15 s dengan beban maksimal 230 kgf dan tegangan maksimalnya 39 kgf/ mm2 terlihat pada gambar struktur mikro panjang B (kearah bawah) 0.13 mm. Hasil dari penelitian ini terjadi kenaikan atau penurunan tegangan maksimal yang tidak berpola, dikarenakan pada saat terbentuknya weld nugget tidak dapat diprediksi dimensinya, semakin besar luasan terbentuk maka tegangan yang dicapai semakin besar.