bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning in Tremor Analysis: Critique and Directions
Authors: De Anwesan , Bhatia Kailash P. , Volkmann Jens , Peach Robert , Schreglmann Sebastian R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTremor is the most frequent human movement disorder, and its diagnosis is based on clinical assessment. Yet finding the accurate clinical diagnosis is not always straightforward. Fine‐tuning of clinical diagnostic criteria over the past few decades, as well as device‐based qualitative analysis, has resulted in incremental improvements to diagnostic accuracy. Accelerometric assessments are commonplace, enabling clinicians to capture high‐resolution oscillatory properties of tremor, which recently have been the focus of various machine‐learning (ML) studies. In this context, the application of ML models to accelerometric recordings provides the potential for less‐biased classification and quantification of tremor disorders. However, if implemented incorrectly, ML can result in spurious or nongeneralizable results and misguided conclusions. This work summarizes and highlights recent developments in ML tools for tremor research, with a focus on supervised ML. We aim to highlight the opportunities and limitations of such approaches and provide future directions while simultaneously guiding the reader through the process of applying ML to analyze tremor data. We identify the need for the movement disorder community to take a more proactive role in the application of these novel analytical technologies, which so far have been predominantly pursued by the engineering and data analysis field. Ultimately, big‐data approaches offer the possibility to identify generalizable patterns but warrant meaningful translation into clinical practice. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Use of baricitinib in treatment of COVID‐19: a systematic review
Authors: Sampath Ananyan , Banerjee Aditya , Atal Shubham , Jhaj Ratinder 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the role of baricitinib alone or in combination with other therapies as a treatment for patients with COVID‐19.MethodsSystematic literature search was conducted in the WHO COVID‐19 coronavirus disease database to find clinical studies on use of baricitinib for treatment of COVID‐19 between December 1, 2019 and September 30, 2021. Two independent set of reviewers identified the eligible studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria, relevant data was extracted and a qualitative synthesis of evidence performed. The risk of bias was evaluated with validated tools.ResultsA total of 267 articles were found to be eligible after primary screening of titles and abstracts. Following assessment of full texts, 19 studies were finally included for this systematic review, out of which 16 are observational, and 3 are interventional studies. Collating the results from these observational and interventional studies, baricitinib used as add‐on to standard therapy, either alone or in combination with other drugs, was found to have favorable outcomes in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID‐19. Furthermore, ongoing trials indicate that the drug is being extensively studied across the world for its safety and efficacy in COVID‐19.ConclusionBaricitinib significantly improves clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia, and further evidence will establish the drug as a standard treatment among such patients.
The role of global reanalyses in climate services for health: Insights from the Lancet Countdown
Authors: Di Napoli Claudia , Romanello Marina , Minor Kelton , Chambers Jonathan , Dasgupta Shouro , Escobar Luis E. , Hang Yun , Hänninen Risto , Liu Yang , Lotto Batista Martin , Lowe Rachel , Murray Kris A. , Owfi Fereidoon , Rabbaniha Mahnaz , Shi Liuhua , Sofiev Mikhail , Tabatabaei Meisam , Robinson Elizabeth J. Z. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs the linkages between extreme weather events, changes in climatic conditions and health impacts in exposed populations become clearer, so does the need for climate‐smart decisions aimed at making the public health sector more responsive and resilient. By integrating climate and health information, climate services for health provide robust decision‐support tools. The Lancet Countdown monitoring system uses global climate reanalyses products to track annual changes in a set of health‐related outcomes. In the monitoring system, multiple variables from reanalysis datasets such as ERA5 and ERA5‐Land are retrieved and processed to capture heatwaves, precipitation extremes, wildfires, droughts, warming and ecosystem changes across the globe and over multiple decades. This reanalysis‐derived information is then input into a hazard–exposure–vulnerability framework that delivers, as outcomes, indicators tracking the year‐by‐year impacts of climate‐related hazards on human mortality, labour capacity, physical activity, sentiment, infectious disease transmission, and food security and undernutrition. Building on the reanalysis gridded format, the indicators create worldwide ‘maps without gaps’ of climate–health linkages. Our experience shows that reanalysis datasets allow standardization across the climate information used in the framework, making the system potentially adaptable to multiple geographical scales. An ongoing challenge is to quantify how the inherent bias of global reanalyses influences indicator outcomes. We foresee the health sector as a key user of reanalysis products. Therefore, public health professionals and health impact modellers should be involved in the co‐development of future iterations of reanalysis datasets, to reach finer spatial resolutions and provide a wider set of health‐relevant climate variables.
Fermented Pineapple Juice Consumption Limits Metabolic Disorders Associated to Sugary Drinks on High‐Fat Diet‐Fed Mice
Authors: Guérin Marie , Remize Fabienne , Bringart Matthieu , Planesse Cynthia , Rondeau Philippe , Robert‐Da Silva Christine , Garcia Cyrielle 
Published: March 2023

ScopeLactic acid fermentation (LAF) modulates the composition of food, leading to changes in safety, sensory, and nutritional properties. The effects of lactic fermented pineapple juice (FJ) supplementation on energetic metabolism of high‐fat diet (HFD) fed mice are compared with either water (control), sweetened water (SW), bacteria in SW, and pineapple juice (J) supplementation.Methods and resultsDrink consumption and body weight are measured during the 6 weeks of experiment, whereas glycemia and lipid content are determined at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Total energy intake is similar between all groups though the volume of juice consumed is lower than that of SWs. Weight gain is higher for mice provided with sugary drinks (5.65 ± 1.32 to 7.74 ± 2.98 g) compared to water (4.68 ± 0.93 g). The FJ is less detrimental to blood carbohydrate regulation than other sugary drinks. Triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol content are not modified following fermented juice or water consumption, contrarily to other sugary drinks. Whatever the drink, intestinal permeability is preserved. Lactic acid bacterium (LAB) population in feces is not affected by the beverage but species composition is modified.ConclusionFrom a health perspective, FJ is preferable to other sugary drinks to limit metabolic disorders related to HFD.
Temperature‐Optimized Synthesis of SiO2‐Reinforced N‐(Alkyl)Acrylamide‐Based Semi‐IPN Hybrid Gels Functionalized with Methacrylic Acid Units
Authors: Kalkan Birgül , Mocan Merve , Orakdogen Nermin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn order to obtain a pH and temperature sensitive hybrids with a controlled structure, synthesis of N‐(alkyl)acrylamide‐based semi‐interpenetrating polymer network (semi‐IPN) reinforced with silica (SiO2) nanoparticles and functionalized with methacrylic acid units is carried out by optimizing the polymerization temperature. The study aims to understand the effect of polymerization temperature on the physical properties of semi‐IPN hybrids. Changing preparation temperature between −30 and 23 °C leads to significant differences in physico‐mechanical results, swelling tendency and adsorption ability, while silica nanoparticles strengthen hybrid walls, preventing their collapse during deswelling and providing rapid response. The hybrids prepared at higher temperatures are found to swell more and faster in water, while the lowest swelling is observed those prepared at 5 °C. The incorporation of SiO2 particles into copolymer structure via physical crosslinking with network chains enhances the elasticity. The effect of polymerization temperature on adsorption is investigated using methylene blue as a model dye. Increasing polymerization temperature increases the adsorption rate and shortens time to reach the equilibrium point, and adsorption efficiency increases when polymerization temperature is lowered. The results show that semi‐IPN hybrids loaded with silica nanoparticles can be used as alternative and potential adsorbents in the treatment of industrial wastes.
Transcanal Excision of Exostoses: Large Series Comparing Bone Removal Methods
Authors: Shohet Jack , Justeson Drew , Wilkins Allison 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveExternal auditory exostosis (EAE) is a condition of progressive temporal bone growth into the external auditory canal most commonly from repeat cold water and wind exposure. Several tools have been utilized for EAE excision with varying implications for intra‐ and postoperative complications. However, comparisons of osteotome and microdrill are made difficult due to the few published cases and intervariability between surgeons. Furthermore, evidence is needed to analyze the safety of novel supplemental tools such as the piezoelectric bone‐cutting device.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingMedical clinic and surgery center.MethodsA total of 413 subjects representing 472 ears met the inclusion criteria. Of which 159 ears were operated on using osteotome alone (OA), 271 using osteotome with a drill (OD), and 42 with osteotome with piezoelectric (OP). Charts were analyzed for the most reported intraoperative complications and postoperative symptoms and complications.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the rate of tympanic membrane perforations nor in total intraoperative complications between OA, OD, or OP. The OD group contained the only nonperforation intraoperative event. OA had the lowest or near lowest incidence of all symptoms analyzed. OA showed a significantly lower incidence of tinnitus when compared to OD and OP.ConclusionWe found that OA performed the best, though not statistically significant in most measures, with regard to mitigating rates of complications postsurgery. Our findings suggest OA provides lower risk intraoperatively and postoperatively for patients undergoing transcanal exostosis excision.
Analysis of ductile damage evolution and failure mechanisms due to reverse loading conditions for the aluminum alloy EN‐AW 6082‐T6
Authors: Wei Zhichao , Zistl Moritz , Gerke Steffen , Brünig Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper deals with experiments and numerical simulations for reverse uniaxial tension‐compression and shear tests to investigate the ductile damage and fracture behavior of the aluminum alloy EN‐AW 6082‐T6. For this purpose, experiments with different loading sequences and number of loading cycles with uniaxial tensile and new shear specimens have been performed. Furthermore, the digital image correlation (DIC) technique captures the deformations and strain fields during the experimental processes. A modified anisotropic stress‐state‐dependent elastic‐plastic‐damage continuum model is proposed and is validated by experimental strain fields measured by DIC. Moreover, numerically predicted distributions of the principal damage strains are compared with fracture images taken by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Adaptive approximation of nonlinear eigenproblems by minimal rational interpolation
Authors: Pradovera Davide 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe describe a strategy for solving nonlinear eigenproblems numerically. Our approach is based on the approximation of a vector‐valued function, defined as solution of a non‐homogeneous version of the eigenproblem. This approximation step is carried out via the minimal rational interpolation method. Notably, an adaptive sampling approach is employed: the expensive data needed for the approximation is gathered at locations that are optimally chosen by following a greedy error indicator. This allows the algorithm to employ computational resources only where where “most of the information” on not‐yet‐approximated eigenvalues can be found. Then, through a post‐processing of the surrogate, the sought‐after eigenvalues and eigenvectors are recovered. Numerical examples are used to showcase the effectiveness of the method.
Multi‐marginal Approximation of the Linear Gromov–Wasserstein Distance
Authors: Beier Florian , Beinert Robert 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecently, two concepts from optimal transport theory have successfully been brought to the Gromov–Wasserstein (GW) setting. This introduces a linear version of the GW distance and multi‐marginal GW transport. The former can reduce the computational complexity when computing all GW distances of a large set of inputs. The latter allows for a simultaneous matching of more than two marginals, which can for example be used to compute GW barycenters. The aim of this paper is to show an approximation result which characterizes the linear version as a limit of a multi‐marginal GW formulation.
Product integration method for the simulation of radial effects in fiber melt spinning of semi‐crystalline polymers
Authors: Ettmüller Manuel , Arne Walter , Marheineke Nicole , Wegener Raimund 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work we consider the simulation of a mixed‐dimensional model for viscous fiber melt spinning of semi‐crystalline polymers including radial effects on the temperature and crystallinity. We present a suitable algorithm based on the product integration method and an analytical solution of the temperature advection‐diffusion equation. A numerical convergence and performance analysis confirms that our approach results in an accurate and efficient algorithm.
Using numerical homogenization to determine the representative volume element size of paper
Authors: Kloppenburg Greta , Walther Elisabeth , Holthusen Hagen , Czibula Caterina , Hirn Ulrich , Simon Jaan-Willem 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPaper has always been of great importance as a printing and packaging material. Due to its potential for recyclability and reusability, which result in a low environmental impact, it is expected that this importance will soar over the coming years. Nevertheless, even though paper has been in use for decades, many research questions are still open, especially in the field of mechanics. One of these questions is the appropriate size of a representative volume element (RVE) of the microstructure of paper. Therefore, a finite element network model of interconnected fibers was developed which represents the microstructure of paper. In order to create the network model realistically, geometry and material quantities were taken from experimental investigations. Additionally, single fibers and fiber bonds were investigated beforehand in order to incorporate their proper behavior into the network. Based on this, the networks were generated and subsequently loaded by applying mixed displacement and traction boundary conditions. The resulting effective stresses were compared to determine the necessary RVE size. Two approaches were considered for modeling the RVE: (i) one single “large” network, and (ii) a certain number of smaller networks whose average yielded a statistically representative effective response. As a result, the second approach turned out to be less computationally intensive due to smaller models and the possibility to run calculations simultaneously. Concluding, it was possible to determine the size of the RVE which will be used to investigate various individual microstructural effects on the macrostructure in the future.
Dynamic Phase‐Field Fracture in Viscoelastic Materials using a First‐Order Formulation
Authors: Friebertshäuser Kai , Thomas Marita , Tornquist Sven , Weinberg Kerstin , Wieners Christian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this contribution we present analytical results on a model for dynamic fracture in viscoelastic materials at small strains that have been obtained in full depth in [1]. In the model, the sharp crack interface is regularized with a phase‐field approximation, and for the phase‐field variable a viscous evolution with a quadratic dissipation potential is employed. A non‐smooth penalization prevents material healing. The viscoelastic momentum balance is formulated as a first order system and coupled in a nonlinear way to the non‐smooth evolution equation of the phase field. We give a full discretization in time and space using a discontinuous Galerkin method for the first‐order system. We discuss the existence of discrete solutions and, with the step size in space and time tending to zero, their convergence to a suitable notion of weak solution of the system. Eventually, we provide a numerical benchmark and compare it with simulation results found in [2].
A re‐examination of the Italian parental monitoring scale: Development, validation, gender, and school success measurement invariance
Authors: Caso Letizia , Greco Andrea , Florio Eleonora , Palena Nicola 
Published: March 2023

AbstractParental monitoring (PM) is a key construct in research on children's well‐being and healthy development referring to the attention parents pay to their children's activities and whereabouts. However, existing literature suggests that the psychometric properties of its measurement tools are still perfect. For this study, a revised Italian parental monitoring scale (I‐PM‐R) was developed and validated with data from 835 participants (63% females), aged between 10 and 20 years old. The sample was divided into two sub‐samples. One was used for parallel and exploratory factor analyses, and the other was used for confirmatory factor analysis. A total of eight factors were thus identified. The scale exhibited invariance in relation to children's gender and school success, and associations with demographic variables and school performance. The I‐PM‐R contributes to the need to move toward psychometric quality advances in the measurement of PM.
Don't do more do different: A qualitative description of teachers' perceptions of and experiences with the psychoeducational assessment process
Authors: King Sara , Ritchie Krista C. , McGonnell Melissa , Green Jared R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough teachers are involved in many aspects of the psychological assessment, very little research has examined their experiences with and perceptions of the entire psychoeducational assessment process. Previous research has relied on surveys and has assumed that teachers have a foundational understanding of the purpose of the assessment. The current study used qualitative description to examine teacher perceptions of and experiences with the psychoeducational assessment process. Ten public school teachers participated in individual interviews about their perceptions of and experiences with psychoeducational assessment. Results indicated a “bidirectional disconnect” such that psychologists do not translate assessment findings into a useful product that teachers can apply to the classrooms; reports were described as too long and jargon‐filled, with vague recommendations and feedback meetings do not allow for collaboration or discussion. However, the data also suggested that teachers do not fully understand the purpose and scope of the psychoeducational assessment, the types of referrals that are appropriate, foundational psychological principles, and/or the scope of practice of the school psychologist. Recommendations for practice are provided along with a call for increased interprofessional education and practice in education.
The impact of a combined mentalisation‐based therapy and therapeutic community programme for adolescents with borderline personality disorder traits on service utilisation in Western Australia
Authors: Robinson Lake Jemima , Bear Natasha , Fletcher Carl , Pace Giulia , Salmin Ivan , Brealey Georgia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study assessed the effect of a mentalisation‐based therapy (MBT) treatment programme on the utilisation of Western Australian public hospitals for mental health presentations over an 18‐month period. Hospital data included the number of visits to the emergency department (ED), the number of inpatient admissions to hospital and length of stay of the admissions. Participants included 76 adolescents aged 13–17 years old, who presented with borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits. The Touchstone treatment programme is a time‐limited intensive programme that utilises MBT in the context of a therapeutic community. Hospital data for the participants were collected and analysed from three time points; 6 months prior to attending the programme, during the 6‐month programme (active treatment) and 6 months after the programme. Results found a statistically significant decrease in hospital utilisation from pre to post programme, with a decline in ED visits, inpatient admissions and admission length of stay. This study presents promising preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of an intensive MBT programme as an intervention for adolescents with BPD features and has significant implications for the public health system in terms of providing effective community‐based treatment for this difficult to treat population as well as reducing pressure on tertiary care.
Different methods of hydroxyapatite‐based coatings on external fixator pin with high adhesion approach
Authors: Nakhaei Mehrnoush , Jirofti Nafiseh , Ebrahimzadeh Mohammad H. , Moradi Ali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this review paper, different methods of hydroxyapatite‐based coatings on external fixation pins with improvement in the adhesion strength are explained. Different coating methods such as dip coating, surface‐induced mineralization, plasma spraying, physical vapor deposition magnetron sputtering, micro‐arc oxidation, electrophoretic deposition, chemical vapor deposition, ion beam assisted deposition, sol‐gel dip coating, pulsed laser deposition, and electrohydrodynamic coating are investigated. The micro‐arc oxidation method showed high degradation delaying of the substrate with a high‐voltage electrolyte solution. Moreover, controlling the coating porosity by applying the gas is a good feature of the physical vapor deposition magnetron sputtering method. The comparison of the hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings method showed that the plasma spraying method leads to better coating features between the coating methods on the implant pins.
Urine anion gap can differentiate respiratory alkalosis from metabolic acidosis in the absence of blood gas results
Authors: Assadi Farahnak 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionLow plasma bicarbonate concentration due to chronic respiratory alkalosis may be misdiagnosed as metabolic acidosis and mistreated with administration of alkali therapy, particularly when arterial blood gas is not available.MethodsWe measured urine anion gap [urine (Na+ + K+) – (Cl−)], as a surrogate of renal ammonium excretion in 15 patients presenting with hyperventilation and low serum bicarbonate concentration to distinguish chronic respiratory alkalosis (CRA) from metabolic acidosis (MA) when blood gas was unavailable.ResultsHyperventilation and low serum bicarbonate concentrations were associated with urine pH above 5.5 and positive urine anion gap in all, suggesting CRA. The diagnosis was later confirmed by obtaining capillary blood gas, which showed a decrease in PCO2 and high normal pH values.ConclusionThe use of urine anion gap can help to differentiate between chronic respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis, especially when arterial blood gas is not obtained.