bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac implantable electronic device implantation and device-related infection
Authors: Modi Vivek , Shah Kashyap , Ferraro Bruce , Gasimli-Gamache Leyla , Nanda Sudip , Stevens Steven , Shirani Jamshid 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims
Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) are important tools for managing arrhythmias, improving hemodynamics, and preventing sudden cardiac death. Device-related infections (DRI) remain a significant complication of CIED and are associated with major adverse outcomes. We aimed to assess the trend in CIED implantations, and the burden and morbidity associated with DRI.

Methods and results
The 2011–2018 National Inpatient Sample database was searched for admissions for CIED implantation and DRI. A total of 1 604 173 admissions for CIED implantations and 71 007 (4.4%) admissions for DRI were reported. There was no significant change in annual admission rates for DRI (3.96–4.59%, P value for trend = 0.98). Those with DRI were more likely to be male (69.3 vs. 57%, P &lt; 0.001) and have a Charlson comorbidity index score ≥3 (46.6 vs. 36.8%, P &lt; 0.001). The prevalence of congestive heart failure (CHF) increased in those admitted with DRI over the observation period. Pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, and post-procedural hematoma were the most common complications in those with DRI (4.1, 3.6, and 2.90%, respectively). Annual in-hospital mortality for those with DRI ranged from 3.9 to 5.8% (mean 4.4%, P value for trend = 0.07). Multivariate analysis identified CHF [odds ratio (OR) = 1.67; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.35–2.07], end-stage renal disease (OR = 1.90; 95% CI = 1.46–2.48), coagulopathy (OR = 2.94; 95% CI = 2.40–3.61), and malnutrition (OR = 2.50; 95% CI = 1.99–3.15) as the predictors of in-hospital mortality for patients admitted with DRI.

Conclusion
Device-related infection is relatively common and continues to be associated with high morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of DRI has not changed significantly despite technical and technological advances in cardiac devices and their implantation.
Worsened self-rated health in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults in Europe
Authors: Lüdecke Daniel , von dem Knesebeck Olaf 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Governments across Europe deployed non-pharmaceutical interventions to mitigate the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which not only showed clear benefits but also had negative consequences on peoples’ health. Health inequalities increased, disproportionally affecting people with higher age or lower education. This study analyzed associations between social factors and worsened self-rated health of elderly people in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, taking different stringencies of government mandates as well as infection rates into account.

Methods
Data stem from the European SHARE survey. The main outcome was a binary indicator of worsened self-rated health. Analyses included data from two waves (2020 and 2021) during the pandemic (N = 48 356 participants, N = 96 712 observations). Predictors were age, sex, education and living together with a partner, and two macro indicators that reflected the stringency of government response mandates and COVID-19 infection rates. Data were analyzed using logistic mixed-effects regression models.

Results
Older age [odds ratio (OR) 1.73, confidence interval (CI) 1.65–1.81] and female sex (OR 1.26, CI 1.20–1.32) were positively associated and higher education (OR 0.74, CI 0.70–0.79) was negatively associated with worsened self-rated health. Not living together with a partner showed higher odds of worsened self-rated health (OR 1.30, CI 1.24–1.36). Inequalities increased from 2020 to 2021. Associations between worsened self-rated health and government response mandates or infection rates were inconsistent.

Conclusion
Self-rated health worsened in the course of the pandemic and health disparities increased. Possible future pandemics require targeted interventions to minimize adverse health outcomes, in particular among old, potentially isolated, and deprived people.
Identification of a spontaneously arising variant affecting thermotaxis behavior in a recombinant inbred Caenorhabditis elegans line
Authors: Yeon Jihye , Porwal Charmi , McGrath Patrick T , Sengupta Piali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Analyses of the contributions of genetic variants in wild strains to phenotypic differences have led to a more complete description of the pathways underlying cellular functions. Causal loci are typically identified via interbreeding of strains with distinct phenotypes in order to establish recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Since the generation of RILs requires growth for multiple generations, their genomes may contain not only different combinations of parental alleles but also genetic changes that arose de novo during the establishment of these lines. Here, we report that in the course of generating RILs between Caenorhabditis elegans strains that exhibit distinct thermotaxis behavioral phenotypes, we identified spontaneously arising variants in the ttx-1 locus. ttx-1 encodes the terminal selector factor for the AFD thermosensory neurons, and loss-of-function mutations in ttx-1 abolish thermotaxis behaviors. The identified genetic changes in ttx-1 in the RIL are predicted to decrease ttx-1 function in part via specifically affecting a subset of AFD-expressed ttx-1 isoforms. Introduction of the relevant missense mutation in the laboratory C. elegans strain via gene editing recapitulates the thermotaxis behavioral defects of the RIL. Our results suggest that spontaneously occurring genomic changes in RILs may complicate identification of loci contributing to phenotypic variation, but that these mutations may nevertheless lead to the identification of important causal molecules and mechanisms.
Exploring the impact of Ecuador’s policies on the right to health of Venezuelan migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review
Authors: Serrano Córdova Claudia , Torres Irene , López-Cevallos Daniel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Venezuela’s ongoing economic and political crisis has forced &gt;6 million people to emigrate from the country since 2014. In the Andean region, Ecuador is one of the main host countries for Venezuelan migrants and refugees. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, specific measures were implemented in the country to control the spread of the disease and its associated impacts. In this context, we conducted a scoping review to understand how policies implemented by the Ecuadorian government during the pandemic impacted Venezuelan migrants’ right to health. The literature search focused on scientific and grey publications between 2018 and 2022 in electronic databases and institutional websites, complemented by snowball sampling and expert advice. Our thematic analysis revealed discrepancies between the rights granted to migrants in Ecuador’s legal framework and their practical implementation during the pandemic, with several instances of policy and programmatic infringement. The disruption of services further complicated migrant’s options for regularization. Some measures, like border closures, negatively impacted migrants’ health, including increased exposure to abuse and violence. While migrants were included in the country’s COVID-19 vaccination plan, they were excluded from other national aid programmes. There are indications of an increase in xenophobia and discrimination stigmatizing migrants as ‘disease carriers’ and ‘resource takers’, resulting in a prioritization of services for the Ecuadorian population. We found limited research on the emergent topic of migrants’ vulnerability and related health system challenges. Future research should include working in border zones, consider socioeconomic factors and further explore the poor implementation of Ecuador’s legal framework towards upholding migrants’ right to health.
Integrated statolith and genomic analysis reveals high connectivity in the nektonic squid Illex argentinus: implications for management of an international cephalopod fishery
Authors: Chemshirova I , Arkhipkin A , Shaw P W , McKeown N J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The neritic-oceanic squid Illex argentinus supports one of the largest fisheries in the Southwest Atlantic. It is characterized by extensive migrations across the Patagonian Shelf and complex population structure comprising distinct seasonal spawning groups. To address uncertainty as to the demographic independence of these groups that may compromise sustainable management, a multidisciplinary approach was applied integrating statolith ageing with genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. To obtain complete coverage of the spawning groups, sampling was carried out at multiple times during the 2020 fishing season and covered a large proportion of the species’ range across the Patagonian Shelf. Statolith and microstructure analysis revealed three distinct seasonal spawning groups of winter-, spring-, and summer-hatched individuals. Subgroups were identified within each seasonal group, with statolith microstructure indicating differences in environmental conditions during ontogeny. Analysis of &gt;10 000 SNPs reported no evidence of neutral or non-neutral genetic structure among the various groups. These findings indicate that I. argentinus across the Patagonian Shelf belong to one genetic population and a collaborative management strategy involving international stakeholders is required. The connectivity among spawning groups may represent a “bet-hedging” mechanism important for population resilience.
Use of an autologous dermal flap and rib cartilage graft in the repair of a large tracheoesophageal fistula with tracheal stenosis
Authors: Dai Jie , He Wenxin , Liu Xiaogang , Jiang Gening 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Management of large tracheoesophageal fistulas complicated by tracheal stenosis remains challenging as it requires an ideal replacement for the membranous defect as well as a permanent buttress to reconstruct the stenotic segment. We present the successful use of an autologous free dermal flap reinforced with a pedicled pectoralis major muscle to repair the tracheal membranous wall and a rib cartilage graft to enlarge the tracheal lumen.
Lytic efficiency of immunosuppressive drug-resistant armoured T cells against circulating HBV-related HCC in whole blood
Authors: Lin Meiyin , Bhakdi Sebastian Chakrit , Tan Damien , Lee Joycelyn Jie Xin , Tai David Wai Meng , Pavesi Andrea , Wai Lu-En , Wang Tina , Bertoletti Antonio , Tan Anthony Tanoto 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Recurrence of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) after liver transplant (LT) is mediated by circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and exacerbated by the immunosuppressants required to prevent graft rejection. To circumvent the effects of immunosuppressants, we developed immunosuppressive drug-resistant armoured HBV-specific T-cell receptor-redirected T cells (IDRA HBV-TCR). However, their ability to eliminate HBV-HCC circulating in the whole blood has never been tested, and whether their lytic efficacy is compatible with the number of adoptively transferred T cells in vivo has never been measured. Hence, we developed a microscopy-based assay to quantify CTCs in whole blood. The assay was then used to quantify the efficacy of IDRA HBV-TCRs to lyse free-floating HBV-HCC cells in the presence of Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF). We demonstrated that a panel of antibodies (AFP, GPC3, Vimentin, pan-Cytokeratin, and CD45) specific for HCC tumour antigens and immune cells can effectively differentiate HCC-CTCs in whole blood. Through dose-titration experiments, we observed that in the presence of immunosuppressive drugs, a minimum of 20 000 IDRA HBV-TCR T cells/ml of whole blood is necessary to lyse ~63.5% of free-floating HBV-HCC cells within 16 hours. In conclusion, IDRA HBV-TCR T cells can lyse free-floating HBV-HCC cells in whole blood in the presence of Tacrolimus and MMF. The quantity of IDRA-HBV TCR T cells required can be achieved by the adoptive transfer of 5 × 106 IDRA-HBV TCR-T cells/kg, supporting the utilisation of IDRA HBV-TCR T cells to eliminate CTCs as prophylaxis against recurrence after LT.
Detection of Rotavirus in Respiratory Specimens From Bangladeshi Children Aged &lt;2 Years Hospitalized for Acute Gastroenteritis
Authors: Satter Syed Moinuddin , Katz Eric , Hossain Mohammad Enayet , Fariha Farzana , Talha Muhammad , Smart Sarah L , Bowen Michael D , Rahman Mustafizur , Parashar Umesh D , Cortese Margaret M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To examine the potential for respiratory transmission of rotavirus, we systematically assessed if rotavirus RNA is detectable by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from nasal and oropharyngeal swab specimens of Bangladeshi children with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis. Forehead swabs were collected to assess skin contamination. Among 399 children aged &lt;2 years hospitalized for gastroenteritis during peak rotavirus season, rotavirus RNA was detected in stool, oral, nasal and forehead swab specimens of 354 (89%). A subset was genotyped; genotype was concordant within a child's specimen set and several different genotypes were detected across children. These findings support possible respiratory transmission of rotavirus and warrant further investigation.
Quality improvement collaborative to optimize heart failure care in patients from a network of clinics in Argentina during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jorro-Barón Facundo , Suárez-Anzorena Inés , Roberti Javier , Mazzoni Agustina , Vita Tomás , Alonso Juan Pedro , Villarejo Agustina , de la Vega Bibiana , Ditata Fernanda , Facta Álvaro , Flores David , Mastantuono Cristian , Saa Raquel , San-Dámaso Esteban , Vega Gustavo , Renedo Florencia , Fernández Alberto , Fernández-Nievas Simón , García-Elorrio Ezequiel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a major clinical and public health problem associated with significant mortality, morbidity, and health-care costs. Despite the existence of evidence-based guidelines for the optimal treatment of HF, the quality of care remains suboptimal. Our aim was to increase the use a care bundle in 50% of enrolled subjects during their hospitalization and discharge and to reduce their readmission for HF causes by 10%. We conducted an uncontrolled before–after study in eight hospitals in Argentina to evaluate the effect of a quality improvement intervention on the use of an HF care bundle in patients with HF New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II–III. The HF bundle of care included medication, continuum of care, lifestyle habits, and predischarge examinations. Training and follow-up of multidisciplinary teams in each center were performed through learning sessions and plan-do-study-act improvement cycles. Data collectors reviewed bundle compliance in the health records of recruited patients after their hospital discharge and verified readmissions through phone calls to patients within 30–40 days after discharge. We recruited 200 patients (83 before and 127 during the intervention phase), and bundle compliance increased from 9.6% to 28.3% [odds ratio 3.71, 95% confidence interval (8.46; 1.63); P = .002]. Despite a slow improvement during the first months, bundle compliance gained momentum near the end of the intervention surpassing 80%. We observed a non-significant decreased readmission rate within 30 days of discharge due to HF in the postintervention period [8.4% vs. 5.5%, odds ratio 0.63, 95% CI (1.88; 0.21); P = .410]. Qualitative analysis showed that members of the intervention teams acknowledged the improvement of work organization and standardization of care, teamwork, shared mental model, and health record completeness as well as the utility of training fellows. Despite the challenges related to the pandemic, better care of patients with HF NYHA Class II–III was possible through simple interventions and collaborative work.
Graphical abstract
Ontogenetic modifications produce similar phenotypes in distantly related click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae)
Authors: Kusy Dominik , Motyka Michal , Bocak Ladislav 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe analyze the relationships of the click beetles (Elateridae) Paulusiella Löbl, 2007, and Analestesa Leach, 1824 (=Cebriognathus Chobaut, 1899). Both are incapable of jumping, with soft-bodied habitus caused by the incomplete sclerotization of the cuticle during the metamorphosis and unknown females. Their phylogenetic positions have been an uncertain issue. We use mitochondrial genomes and nuclear genes to test their current placement in Cebrionini (=Cebriognathini) and Elaterinae incertae sedis, respectively. We recover Paulusiella as a sister to Hemiops Laporte, 1838 (Hemiopinae) and Analestesa as one of the serially splitting branches in Cardiophorinae, both with robust support. Paulusiellini trib. nov. is proposed for Paulusiella in Hemiopinae due to high morphological disparity. Analestesa is transferred to Cardiophorinae, and Cebriognathini Paulus, 1981, an earlier synonym of Elaterinae: Cebrionini, is a synonym of Cardiophorinae Candèze, 1859. The click beetles affected by ontogenetic modifications converge to similar forms. As a result, their phylogenetic position cannot be reliably inferred by morphological analyses and needs to be validated by molecular data. Paulusiella and Analestesa represent two additional cases of the shift to incomplete sclerotization in elaterids raising the total number to 6. The present transfers of extant taxa between subfamilies call for a cautious interpretation of morphology in other soft-bodied groups, including the taxa described from amber deposits.
Transcriptomics analysis and fed-batch regulation of high astaxanthin-producing Phaffia rhodozyma/Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous obtained through adaptive laboratory evolution
Authors: Yang Liang , Yang Hao-Yi , You Li , Ni Hui , Jiang Ze-Dong , Du Xi-Ping , Zhu Yan-Bing , Zheng Ming-Jing , Li Li-Jun , Lin Rui , Li Zhi-Peng , Li Qing-Biao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Astaxanthin has high utilization value in functional food because of its strong antioxidant capacity. However, the astaxanthin content of Phaffia rhodozyma is relatively low. Adaptive laboratory evolution is an excellent method to obtain high-yield strains. TiO2 is a good inducer of oxidative stress. In this study, different concentrations of TiO2 were used to domesticate P. rhodozyma, and at a concentration of 1000 mg/L of TiO2 for 105 days, the optimal strain JMU-ALE105 for astaxanthin production was obtained. After fermentation, the astaxanthin content reached 6.50 mg/g, which was 41.61% higher than that of the original strain. The ALE105 strain was fermented by batch and fed-batch, and the astaxanthin content reached 6.81 mg/g. Transcriptomics analysis showed that the astaxanthin synthesis pathway, and fatty acid, pyruvate, and nitrogen metabolism pathway of the ALE105 strain were significantly upregulated. Based on the nitrogen metabolism pathway, the nitrogen source was adjusted by ammonium sulphate fed-batch fermentation, which increased the astaxanthin content, reaching 8.36 mg/g. This study provides a technical basis and theoretical research for promoting industrialization of astaxanthin production of P. rhodozyma.

One-Sentence Summary
A high-yield astaxanthin strain (ALE105) was obtained through TiO2 domestication, and its metabolic mechanism was analysed by transcriptomics, which combined with nitrogen source regulation to further improve astaxanthin yield.
Estimation of an Order Book Dependent Hawkes Process for Large Datasets
Authors: Mucciante Luca , Sancetta Alessio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A point process for event arrivals in high-frequency trading is presented. The intensity is the product of a Hawkes process and high-dimensional functions of covariates derived from the order book. Conditions for stationarity of the process are stated. An algorithm is presented to estimate the model even in the presence of billions of data points, possibly mapping covariates into a high-dimensional space. Large sample sizes can be common for high-frequency data applications using multiple instruments. Consistency results under weak conditions are established. A test statistic to assess out of sample performance of different model specifications is suggested. The methodology is applied to the study of four stocks that trade on the New York Stock Exchange. The out of sample testing procedure suggests that capturing the nonlinearity of the order book information adds value to the self-exciting nature of high-frequency trading events.
CAMSAP2 and CAMSAP3 localize at microtubule intersections to regulate the spatial distribution of microtubules
Authors: Zhang Rui , Gu Lusheng , Chen Wei , Tanaka Nobutoshi , Zhou Zhengrong , Xu Honglin , Xu Tao , Ji Wei , Liang Xin , Meng Wenxiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Microtubule networks support many cellular processes and exhibit a highly ordered architecture. However, due to the limited axial resolution of conventional light microscopy, the structural features of these networks cannot be resolved in three-dimensional (3D) space. Here, we used customized ultra-high-resolution interferometric single-molecule localization microscopy to characterize the microtubule networks in Caco2 cells. We found that the calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated proteins (CAMSAPs) localize at a portion of microtubule intersections. Further investigation showed that depletion of CAMSAP2 and CAMSAP3 leads to the narrowing of the inter-microtubule distance. Mechanistically, CAMSAPs recognize microtubule defects, which often occur near microtubule intersections, and then recruit katanin to remove the damaged microtubules. Therefore, the CAMSAP–katanin complex is a regulatory module for the distance between microtubules. Taken together, our results characterize the architecture of cellular microtubule networks in high resolution and provide molecular insights into how the 3D structure of microtubule networks is controlled.