bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of closed-loop control system for type one diabetes in adolescents a meta analysis
Authors: Jabari Mosleh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of Closed-Loop Control (CLC) to Sensor-Augmented Insulin Pump (SAP) for adolescent patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Eleven randomized-controlled trials were included with a total of 570 patients, from a total of 869 articles found adhering to PRISMA guidelines. The efficacy of the therapies were evaluated from the day, night and during physical activities monitoring of the of the mean blood glucose (BG), Time In Range (TIR), and Standard Deviation (SD) of the glucose variability. The safety measure of the therapies, was assessed from the day and night recording of the hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic events occurred. Pooled results of comparison of mean BG values for day, night and physical activities, − 4.33 [− 6.70, − 1.96] (P = 0.0003), − 16.61 [− 31.68, − 1.54] (P = 0.03) and − 8.27 [− 19.52, 2.99] (P = 0.15). The monitoring for day, night and physical activities for TIR − 13.18 [− 19.18, − 7.17] (P < 0.0001), − 15.36 [− 26.81, − 3.92] (P = 0.009) and − 7.39 [− 17.65, 2.87] (P = 0.16). The day and night results of SD of glucose variability was − 0.40 [− 0.79, − 0.00] (P = 0.05) and − 0.86 [− 2.67, 0.95] (P = 0.35). These values shows the superiority of CLC system in terms of efficacy. The safety evaluation, of the day, night and physical activities observations of average blood glucose goal hypoglycemic events − 0.54 [− 1.86, 0.79] (P = 0.43), 0.04 [− 0.20, 0.27] (P = 0.77) and 0.00 [− 0.25, 0.25] (P = 1.00) and hyperglycemic events − 0.04 [− 0.20, 0.27] (P = 0.77), − 7.11 [− 12.77, − 1.45] (P = 0.01) and − 0.00 [− 0.10, 0.10] (P = 0.97), highlights the commendable safety factor of CLC. The CLC systems can be considered as an ideal preference in the management of adolescents with type 1 diabetes to be used during a 24 h basis.
Artificial intelligence algorithm comparison and ranking for weight prediction in sheep
Authors: Hamadani Ambreen , Ganai Nazir Ahmad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn a rapidly transforming world, farm data is growing exponentially. Realizing the importance of this data, researchers are looking for new solutions to analyse this data and make farming predictions. Artificial Intelligence, with its capacity to handle big data is rapidly becoming popular. In addition, it can also handle non-linear, noisy data and is not limited by the conditions required for conventional data analysis. This study was therefore undertaken to compare the most popular machine learning (ML) algorithms and rank them as per their ability to make predictions on sheep farm data spanning 11 years. Data was cleaned and prepared was done before analysis. Winsorization was done for outlier removal. Principal component analysis (PCA) and feature selection (FS) were done and based on that, three datasets were created viz. PCA (wherein only PCA was used), PCA+ FS (both techniques used for dimensionality reduction), and FS (only feature selection used) bodyweight prediction. Among the 11 ML algorithms that were evaluated, the correlations between true and predicted values for MARS algorithm, Bayesian ridge regression, Ridge regression, Support Vector Machines, Gradient boosting algorithm, Random forests, XgBoost algorithm, Artificial neural networks, Classification and regression trees, Polynomial regression, K nearest neighbours and Genetic Algorithms were 0.993, 0.992, 0.991, 0.991, 0.991, 0.99, 0.99, 0.984, 0.984, 0.957, 0.949, 0.734 respectively for bodyweights. The top five algorithms for the prediction of bodyweights, were MARS, Bayesian ridge regression, Ridge regression, Support Vector Machines and Gradient boosting algorithm. A total of 12 machine learning models were developed for the prediction of bodyweights in sheep in the present study. It may be said that machine learning techniques can perform predictions with reasonable accuracies and can thus help in drawing inferences and making futuristic predictions on farms for their economic prosperity, performance improvement and subsequently food security.
Phase I/II clinical trial of nivolumab in combination with oligo-fractionated irradiation for unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer
Authors: Mimura Kosaku , Ogata Takashi , Yoshimoto Yuya , Yoshida Daisaku , Nakajima Shotaro , Sato Hisashi , Machida Nozomu , Yamada Takanobu , Watanabe Yohei , Tamaki Tomoaki , Fujikawa Hirohito , Inokuchi Yasuhiro , Hayase Suguru , Hanayama Hiroyuki , Saze Zenichiro , Katoh Hiroyuki , Takahashi Fumiaki , Oshima Takashi , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Kono Koji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting for PD-1 axis is a promising approach for advanced gastric cancer (GC) patients, the response rate is still limited. Induction of synergistic effect of irradiation with ICI targeting for the PD-1 axis can be an attractive strategy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the combination of irradiation with anti-PD-1 therapy for advanced GC.

Methods
We conducted a single-arm, phase I/II trial in GC patients treated with a combination of nivolumab and oligo-fractionated irradiation (22.5 Gy/5 fractions/5 days) (NCT03453164). Eligible patients (n = 40) had unresectable advanced or recurrent GC which progressed after primary and secondary chemotherapy with more than one lesion. The primary endpoint is the disease control rate (DCR) of non-irradiated target lesions and the secondary endpoints are the median survival time (MST), safety, and DCR of irradiated lesions.

Results
We observe that the DCR for the non-irradiated target as the abscopal effect is 22.5% (90% confidence interval (CI), 12.3–36.0), and the DCR for the irradiated lesion is 40.0% (90% CI, 26.9–54.2). The median survival time is 230 days (95% CI, 157–330), and grade 3 and higher adverse events (AEs) are observed in 16 patients (39 %) with no obvious additional AEs when adding irradiation.

Conclusions
The present study suggests that the combination of nivolumab with oligo-fractionated irradiation has the potential to induce a promising anti-tumor effect for advanced GC.
Reduction of geomagnetically induced current impacts by optimized neutral point connections
Authors: Schachinger Philipp , Albert Dennis , Renner Herwig 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSolar storms impact electrical power grids by causing quasi‐DC neutral point currents in transformers. These currents lead to half‐cycle saturation as well as other related and unwanted effects in the grid. To reduce the effect of these currents on the grid, DC‐blocking devices can be installed or changes in the grid topology can be made. However, these counter measures often have unwanted side effects or cannot be applied to the grid due to operational restrictions. In this work, a novel mitigation approach, based on the distribution of currents on more transformers, is presented. The number and location of grounded transformer neutral points is optimized, taking grid related constraints such as the minimal number of transformer connections into account. It is shown that the algorithm can effectively reduce the stress on transformers without any additional assets and thus increase system security.
Fetal Assessment in Pregnancy (Indication and Methodology for Fetal Monitoring in a low-risk Population). Guideline of the DGGG, DEGUM, OEGGG and SGGG (S3-Level, AWMF Registry No. 015/089, February 2023)
Authors: Schiermeier Sven , von Kaisenberg Constantin Sylvius , Kehl Sven , Reister Frank , Mosimann Beatrice , Reif Philipp , Harlfinger Werner , König Klaus , Schwarz Christiane , Matern Elke , Kühnert Maritta , Schmitz Ralf , Hoopmann Markus , Ramsell Andrea , Kalberer Barbara Stocker , Heule Petra Graf , Heinzl Silke , Kayer Beate , Gruber Patricia , Steiner Horst , Schäffer Leonard 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose The aim of this guideline was to find evidence on whether carrying out Doppler examinations and CTGs in low-risk cohorts of pregnant women improves outcomes.
Methods First, a systematic search for guidelines was carried out. Identified guidelines were evaluated using the DELPHI instrument of the AWMF. Three guidelines were found to be suitable to evaluate CTG. Two DEGUM best practice guidelines were judged suitable to describe the methods. All studies on this issue were additionally analyzed using 8 PICO questions. A structured consensus of the participating professional societies was achieved using a nominal group process and a structured consensus conference moderated by an independent moderator.
Recommendations No antepartum Doppler sonography examinations should be carried out in low-risk cohorts in the context of antenatal care. No antepartum CTG should be carried out in low-risk cohorts.
Note The guideline will be published simultaneously in the official journals of both professional societies (i. e., Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde for the DGGG and Ultraschall in der Medizin/European Journal of Ultrasound for the DEGUM).
The impact of Fit for 55 on Ireland’s maritime transport sector and the macroeconomy
Authors: Ahearne Alan , Cassidy Daniel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe European Green Deal aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 and achieve a carbon neutral economy by 2050. The ‘Fit for 55 package’ includes a suite of new regulations and taxes to promote Renewable and Low Carbon Fuels (RLFs) in the maritime transport sector. We use a Vector Autoregressive model (VAR) to forecast the impact of higher marine fuel prices during the transition to RLFs on Ireland’s maritime transport sector and the broader Irish economy. Our analysis finds that higher marine fuel prices are expected to reduce Gross Value Added (GVA) in the maritime transport sector by nearly 8% by 2050, relative to a “no-policy-change” baseline. Our results indicate that fuel price increases will not have a material impact on overall economic activity. The negative impact on real output is projected to range from 0.09% in 2025 to 1.21% in 2050. The projected decline in real exports ranges from 0.17% in 2025 to 2.29% in 2050, while consumer prices will increase from 0.13% in 2025 to 1.72% in 2050.
Effects of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) and salinity on growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant activity and distribution of mineral elements in wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: Kreslavski Vladimir D. , Shmarev Alexander N. , Ivanov Anatoly A. , Zharmukhamedov Sergey K. , Strokina Valeria , Kosobryukhov Anatoly , Yu Min , Allakhverdiev Suleyman I. , Shabala Sergey 
Published: August 2023

Soil salinisation is one of the main abiotic stresses decreasing crop productivity. Here, we show that the plant treatment with iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) may be a promising solution for reducing the negative impact of soil salinity on plant performance. For this purpose, effects of the NPs on growth, photosynthesis, pro-/antioxidant, redox balance and the content of mineral elements in 19-day-old wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants under soil salinity were studied. Seed treatment with NPs (200 and 500 mg L−1) enhanced growth and photosynthetic rate in leaves. Moderate salinity stress (150 mM NaCl) led to a decrease in plant biomass as well as the rate of photosynthesis and PSII activity; leaf photosynthetic characteristics were also suppressed by lower (75 mM NaCl) salinity treatment. However, seed pre-treatment with the NPs partially eliminated the negative effect of the salt on growth, PSII activity and photosynthesis. Also, we observed a decrease in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and an increase in ascorbate and total peroxidase activity in the plant leaves upon combined treatment with NaCl and the NPs compared with treatment with NaCl alone. The combined treatment with the NPs and salinity also led to a noticeable increase in the content of Fe and Mn in the shoot. It was concluded that Fe3O4 NPs can enhance plant growth by improving photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant balance and the availability of iron and manganese ions, under conditions of soil salinisation.
Priority areas for conserving greater gliders in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Norman Patrick , Mackey Brendan 
Published: August 2023

Context The southern and central greater glider (Petauroides volans) is a nationally listed endangered species in Australia. The species depends upon mature native forest providing critical habitat resources including tree hollows. Aims This study aimed to map and evaluate the tenure of patches of potential high-quality (core) habitat and corridors for the southern greater glider in Queensland. Methods Within greater glider habitat, we mapped 10 ranked classes of relative forest maturity using a model comprising remotely sensed metrics of canopy height, above-ground living biomass and canopy cover at a 30 m resolution. We also modelled the optimum movement corridors within and between habitat patches. Key results Results showed that 35% (4.943 million ha) of habitat was found in the more mature classes (Classes 7–9), which represent a proxy for associated limiting habitat resources, especially tree hollows. Mean patch size above a 1.6 ha threshold was found to be 122 ha and most patches (71%) were ≤10 ha, with 14 patches ≥100 000 ha. Freehold and leasehold lands hold 63.4% of the more mature habitat, multiple-use public forest 21.4% and nature conservation areas 12.8%. About half of the potential habitat is located on formally recognised Indigenous lands that represent different categories of Aboriginal ownership, management and other special rights. Conclusions The protection of mature forest patches and movement corridors is necessary for the conservation of the greater glider, a nationally listed threatened species. Implications Conservation interventions are needed, using a whole-of-landscape approach to protect core habitat and corridors from inappropriate land use.
Managing conflict between nesting common terns and herring gulls
Authors: Sullivan Jeffery D. , O’Donnell Amy W. , Lescure Lauren M. , Rapp Andrew J. , Callahan Carl R. , McGowan Peter C. , Carney Tim , Prosser Diann J. 
Published: August 2023

Context Due to the frequent depredation of eggs and chicks by herring gulls (Larus argentatus), numerous approaches to reduce their impact on tern colonies have been tested by wildlife managers. Previous studies have shown that the use of overhead lines presents a promising method to prevent gull nesting in tern colonies, but little work has evaluated if this approach is suitable for excluding both nesting and non-nesting gulls. Aims The goal of this study was to explore the efficacy of a preventative approach, overhead lines, versus a more widely practiced lethal approach, shooting and trapping. Specifically, we aimed to determine if methods differ in their abilities to deter both gull nesting and presence within treatment areas and identify impacts on common tern (Sterna hirundo) nesting within treatment areas. Methods We applied separate management strategies to two common tern colonies. In one colony, we removed herring gulls via shooting followed by trapping and nest removal, and in the other colony, we erected overhead lines with subsequent trapping at nests established in the treatment area. Key results Gulls appeared to adapt quickly to shooting efforts, limiting efficacy and resulting in no significant change in abundance from pre-treatment levels (P = 0.981). However, gull use of both the colony and surrounding brush declined significantly (P < 0.001) following trapping and nest removal. Meanwhile, the number of gulls in the colony area declined from a pre-treatment average of 56 to only six, following the erection of overhead lines (P < 0.001). Although six gull nests were established within the treatment area (overhead lines), they were not replaced once the parents were trapped and nests destroyed. Conclusions Tern nesting appeared to be unaffected by any of the implemented management activities. Our data suggest that overhead lines may present an alternative to lethal control when seeking to minimise the impacts of gulls on tern colonies. Implications The data presented in this manuscript can be used to guide managers in selecting actions to reduce conflict between gulls and breeding common terns. By using data-informed practices, managers can select the method best suited for their specific needs and priorities.
Capacitance characterization of graphene/n-Si Schottky junction solar cell with MOS capacitor
Authors: Teraoka Masahiro , Ono Yuzuki , Im Hojun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We have demonstrated a simple and accurate method for characterizing the capacitance of Graphene/n-Si Schottky junction solar cells (GSSCs) which embed the metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitor. We measured two types of GSSCs, one with thermal annealing treatments (w-a) and one without (wo-a). It was found that the wo-a GSSC exhibits a two-step feature in the phase versus forward bias voltage relationship, which may be attributed to the presence of polymethyl methacrylate residues. By considering the capacitance of the MOS capacitor (Cmos) and its standard deviation, we successfully obtained the capacitance of the Schottky junction (CSch), and evaluated meaningful built-in potentials (Schottky barrier heights) which are 0.51 V (0.78 eV) and 0.47 V (0.75 eV) for the w-a and wo-a GSSCs, respectively, by the Mott–Schottky analysis. We also briefly discuss the relationship between CSch and the Nyquist and Bode plots, finding that the RC time constant decreases due to the subtraction of Cmos.
One-pot fabrication of zero-valent iron-embedded activated carbon from rosemary distillation residues for malachite green removal
Authors: Nguyen Hung Minh , Tran Anh Tuan , Nguyen Dung Nguyen Long , Lam Hung Hoa , Tran-Thuy Tuyet-Mai , Nguyen Long Quang , Le Tien Xuan , Nguyen Dung Van 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The current research proposes an innovative strategy for the facile preparation of magnetic activated carbon (MAC) from rosemary distillation residues (RDR). As a magnetic precursor, FeCl3 was impregnated into RDR before KOH was added as an activating agent. One-pot pyrolysis was then conducted to produce zero-valent iron nanoparticles (14.4 wt%) embedded in the activated carbon matrix. Moreover, KOH activation yielded MAC with a large total pore volume of 0.27 cm3 g−1, a high specific surface area of 459 m2 g−1, and hierarchical porosity. With a large porous system and different polar functional groups, MAC was subsequently investigated for malachite green (MG) removal in aqueous media. At pH 6.0, the adsorption process was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 82.6 mg g−1. Additionally, MAC demonstrated effective reusability after five consecutive cycles, when MG removal slightly decreased from 96.4 ± 0.6 to 91.8 ± 2.3%. Notably, MAC with a strong saturation magnetization of 18.4 emu g−1 could be conveniently recovered from treated media through magnetic fields. Overall, rosemary distillation residue-derived magnetic activated carbon can be a potential adsorbent for malachite green remediation thanks to its cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, and magnetic separability.
Study on mechanical properties of 2219 aluminum alloy bobbin tool friction stir welding
Authors: Li Xitong , An Tiancheng , Lan Jinlong , Hu Xia , Hu Jiaqi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Bobbin tool friction stir welding (BT-FSW) process experiment was performed on 2219 aluminum alloy with different butt clearances and misalignments. The maximum allowable clearance and misalignment amount for BT-FSW were obtained, and the weld formation, mechanical properties and microstructure under different parameters were compared and analysed. The results show that the face and back sides of the weld joint surface are perfect and there are no defect inside with the butt clearance under 2 mm and the misalignment under 1.5 mm. During the increase of butt clearance and misalignment, the tensile strength of the weld will be decreased gradually. In comparison, the impact of misalignment on weld strength is lower than that of the butt clearance. The tensile strength from both of them will reach more than 60% of the base metal strength. The lowest hardness value occurs in the thermal-mechanical influence zone, which is 79.1HV, about 70% of the base metal hardness value. The microstructure characteristics are similar to those of conventional friction stir welding. The macroscopic morphology of the welded joint is typical ‘dumbbell type’, and there are many ‘dimples’ in the tensile fracture, which is a typical ductile fracture. A large number of dispersed phase particles (Al2Cu) were found in the dimples, which is the main reason for the decrease in mechanical strength and hardness compared with the substrate.
‘Magic’ of twisted multi-layered graphene and 2D nano-heterostructures
Authors: Saumya K , Naskar S , Mukhopadhyay T 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional materials with a single or few layers are exciting nano-scale materials that exhibit unprecedented multi-functional properties including optical, electronic, thermal, chemical and mechanical characteristics. A single layer of different 2D materials or a few layers of the same material may not always have the desired application-specific properties to an optimal level. In this context, a new trend has started gaining prominence lately to develop engineered nano-heterostructures by algorithmically stacking multiple layers of single or different 2D materials, wherein each layer could further have individual twisting angles. The enormous possibilities of forming heterostructures through combining a large number of 2D materials with different numbers, stacking sequences and twisting angles have expanded the scope of nano-scale design well beyond considering only a 2D material mono-layer with a specific set of given properties. Magic angle twisted bilayer graphene (BLG), a functional variant of van der Waals heterostructures, has created a buzz recently since it achieves unconventional superconductivity and Mott insulation at around 1.1∘ twist angle. These findings have ignited the interest of researchers to explore a whole new family of 2D heterostructures by introducing twists between layers to tune and enhance various multi-physical properties individually as well as their weighted compound goals. Here we aim to abridge outcomes of the relevant literature concerning twist-dependent physical properties of BLG and other multi-layered heterostructures, and subsequently highlight their broad-spectrum potential in critical engineering applications. The evolving trends and challenges have been critically analysed along with insightful perspectives on the potential direction of future research.
Machine learning for accurate methane concentration predictions: short-term training, long-term results
Authors: Luo Ran , Wang Jingyi , Gates Ian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Although methane emissions from Alberta’s oil and gas sector have decreased in recent years, monitoring these emissions using Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS) can be costly. Predictive Emissions Monitoring Systems (PEMS), powered by machine learning, offer an alternative to or can supplement CEMS. However, effective machine learning models for methane emissions prediction rely heavily on the amount of training data. To address this, we compare the prediction performance of different neural network models, including Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Stacked LSTM, Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), and Bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM), using varying time intervals for training of methane concentration data from Alberta airshed stations. The results showed that the GRU model performed better with shorter datasets, whereas the LSTM and Stacked LSTM models outperformed the GRU and BiLSTM models when trained with more historical data. However, the study found that more training data did not necessarily result in significantly better prediction models.