bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Younger postnatal age is associated with a lower heart rate on Holter monitoring during the first week of life
Authors: Uusitalo Asta , Tikkakoski Antti , Lehtinen Pieta , Ylänen Kaisa , Korhonen Päivi H. , Poutanen Tuija 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo evaluate heart rate (HR), the presence of extrasystoles and other Holter findings among healthy newborns, and to collect data for new normal limits for Holter parameters in newborns. For this cross-sectional study, 70 healthy term newborns were recruited to undergo 24-h Holter monitoring. Linear regression analysis was used in HR analyses. The age-specific limits for HRs were calculated using linear regression analysis coefficients and residuals. The mean (SD) age of the infants was 6.4 (1.7) days during the recording. Each consecutive day of age raised the minimum and mean HR by 3.8 beats per minute (bpm) (95% CI: 2.4, 5.2; P < .001) and 4.0 bpm (95% CI: 2.8, 5.2; P < .001), respectively. Age did not correlate with maximum HR. The lowest calculated limit for minimum HR ranged from 56 bpm (aged 3 days) to 78 bpm (aged 9 days). A small number of atrial extrasystoles and ventricular extrasystoles were observed in 54 (77%) and 28 (40%) recordings, respectively. Short supraventricular or ventricular tachycardias were found in 6 newborns (9%).Conclusion: The present study shows an increase of 20 bpm in both the minimum and mean HRs of healthy term newborns between the 3rd and 9th days of life. Daily reference values for HR could be adopted in the interpretation of HR monitoring results in newborns. A small number of extrasystoles are common in healthy newborns, and isolated short tachycardias may be normal in this age group.

What is Known:

• The current definition of bradycardia in newborns is 80 beats per minute.

• This definition does not fit into the modern clinical setting of continuously monitored newborns, where benign bradycardias are commonly observed.

What is New:

• A linear and clinically significant increase in heart rate was observed in infants between the ages of 3 and 9 days.

• It appears as though lower normal limits for heart rate could be applied to the youngest newborns.
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors in gastrointestinal cancer: where do we currently stand?—A systematic review
Authors: Magyar Christian Tibor Josef , Vashist Yogesh K. , Stroka Deborah , Kim-Fuchs Corina , Berger Martin D. , Banz Vanessa M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Dysregulated expression of heat shock proteins (HSP) plays a fundamental role in tumor development and progression. Consequently, HSP90 may be an effective tumor target in oncology, including the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.

Methods
We carried out a systematic review of data extracted from clinicaltrials.gov and pubmed.gov, which included all studies available until January 1st, 2022. The published data was evaluated using primary and secondary endpoints, particularly with focus on overall survival, progression-free survival, and rate of stable disease.

Results
Twenty trials used HSP90 inhibitors in GI cancers, ranging from phase I to III clinical trials. Most studies assessed HSP90 inhibitors as a second line treatment. Seventeen of the 20 studies were performed prior to 2015 and only few studies have results pending. Several studies were terminated prematurely, due to insufficient efficacy or toxicity. Thus far, the data suggests that HSP90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 might improve outcome for colorectal cancer and gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Conclusion
It currently remains unclear which subgroup of patients might benefit from HSP90 inhibitors and at what time point these inhibitors may be beneficial. There are only few new or ongoing studies initiated during the last decade.
The evolving volcano-ice interactions of Crater Glacier, Mount St. Helens, Washington (USA)
Authors: Sobolewski Linda , Hansteen Thor H. , Zorn Edgar U. , Stenner Christian , Florea Lee J. , Burgess Sarah A. , Ionescu Artur , Cartaya Eduardo , Pflitsch Andreas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInteractions between volcanoes and glaciers provide insight to the evolution of a volcanic edifice and may be an indicator for renewed volcanic activity. At Mount St. Helens, Crater Glacier, which has formed in the volcanic crater after the eruption in 1980, is one of the world’s last expanding glaciers and provides a unique opportunity to characterize the evolution of a glacier expanding onto an area of significant thermal flux. We combine photographic documentation and glaciovolcanic cave surveys with remote sensing data from Google Earth, UAS, and LiDAR to analyze the present state of Crater Glacier and reconstruct its development since the emplacement of the 2004–2008 lava dome. Our results show that snow accumulation has caused Crater Glacier to grow from 2009 to 2019 by approximately 13.8 × 106 m3, during which time the glacier toe advanced by several hundred meters. The glacier-dome interface shift toward higher elevations against the 2004–2008 lava dome and subsequent encroachment onto thermally active areas led to glacier modification via extensive subglacial cave system formation. Analysis of subglacial tephra layers revealed the existence of juvenile material from the 2004–2008 eruption cycle, providing insights about glacier subsidence of ~ 40 m since 2004/2005 in spite of net growth. Although the lava dome is cooling, the glacier-dome interface seems to have become increasingly stable in the past few years. Our results suggest that glacier development in the accumulation area adjacent to the dome is now being affected by the thermal characteristics of the lava dome itself, making monitoring internal glacier development via tracking glaciovolcanic cave expansion a potentially important volcano monitoring tool.
Induced Disjoint Paths and Connected Subgraphs for H-Free Graphs
Authors: Martin Barnaby , Paulusma Daniël , Smith Siani , van Leeuwen Erik Jan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPaths $$P^1,\ldots ,P^k$$

P
1

,
…
,

P
k

in a graph $$G=(V,E)$$

G
=
(
V
,
E
)

are mutually induced if any two distinct $$P^i$$

P
i

and $$P^j$$

P
j

have neither common vertices nor adjacent vertices. The Induced Disjoint Paths problem is to decide if a graph G with k pairs of specified vertices $$(s_i,t_i)$$

(

s
i

,

t
i

)

contains k mutually induced paths $$P^i$$

P
i

such that each $$P^i$$

P
i

starts from $$s_i$$

s
i

and ends at $$t_i$$

t
i

. This is a classical graph problem that is -complete even for $$k=2$$

k
=
2

. We introduce a natural generalization, Induced Disjoint Connected Subgraphs: instead of connecting pairs of terminals, we must connect sets of terminals. We give almost-complete dichotomies of the computational complexity of both problems for H-free graphs, that is, graphs that do not contain some fixed graph H as an induced subgraph. Finally, we give a complete classification of the complexity of the second problem if the number k of terminal sets is fixed, that is, not part of the input.
Discrete Yamabe Problem for Polyhedral Surfaces
Authors: Dal Poz Kouřimská Hana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe study a new discretization of the Gaussian curvature for polyhedral surfaces. This discrete Gaussian curvature is defined on each conical singularity of a polyhedral surface as the quotient of the angle defect and the area of the Voronoi cell corresponding to the singularity. We divide polyhedral surfaces into discrete conformal classes using a generalization of discrete conformal equivalence pioneered by Feng Luo. We subsequently show that, in every discrete conformal class, there exists a polyhedral surface with constant discrete Gaussian curvature. We also provide explicit examples to demonstrate that this surface is in general not unique.
Clinical application of machine learning and computer vision to indocyanine green quantification for dynamic intraoperative tissue characterisation: how to do it
Authors: Hardy Niall P. , MacAonghusa Pol , Dalli Jeffrey , Gallagher Gareth , Epperlein Jonathan P. , Shields Conor , Mulsow Jurgen , Rogers Ailín C. , Brannigan Ann E. , Conneely John B. , Neary Peter M. , Cahill Ronan A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Indocyanine green (ICG) quantification and assessment by machine learning (ML) could discriminate tissue types through perfusion characterisation, including delineation of malignancy. Here, we detail the important challenges overcome before effective clinical validation of such capability in a prospective patient series of quantitative fluorescence angiograms regarding primary and secondary colorectal neoplasia.

Methods
ICG perfusion videos from 50 patients (37 with benign (13) and malignant (24) rectal tumours and 13 with colorectal liver metastases) of between 2- and 15-min duration following intravenously administered ICG were formally studied (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04220242). Video quality with respect to interpretative ML reliability was studied observing practical, technical and technological aspects of fluorescence signal acquisition. Investigated parameters included ICG dosing and administration, distance–intensity fluorescent signal variation, tissue and camera movement (including real-time camera tracking) as well as sampling issues with user-selected digital tissue biopsy. Attenuating strategies for the identified problems were developed, applied and evaluated. ML methods to classify extracted data, including datasets with interrupted time-series lengths with inference simulated data were also evaluated.

Results
Definable, remediable challenges arose across both rectal and liver cohorts. Varying ICG dose by tissue type was identified as an important feature of real-time fluorescence quantification. Multi-region sampling within a lesion mitigated representation issues whilst distance–intensity relationships, as well as movement-instability issues, were demonstrated and ameliorated with post-processing techniques including normalisation and smoothing of extracted time–fluorescence curves. ML methods (automated feature extraction and classification) enabled ML algorithms glean excellent pathological categorisation results (AUC-ROC > 0.9, 37 rectal lesions) with imputation proving a robust method of compensation for interrupted time-series data with duration discrepancies.

Conclusion
Purposeful clinical and data-processing protocols enable powerful pathological characterisation with existing clinical systems. Video analysis as shown can inform iterative and definitive clinical validation studies on how to close the translation gap between research applications and real-world, real-time clinical utility.
Functional seed traits as predictors of germination and seedling growth for species with potential for restoration in Caquetá, Colombia
Authors: Guzmán María N. Nieto , Beltrán Luis C. , Rodriguez Carlos H. , Roa-Fuentes Lilia L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Key message

Pre-germination requirements are not accurately predicted by seed traits of size and mass. However, small-seeded species show high germination and slow early seedling growth rates.

Abstract
Deforestation in the tropics is one of the greatest biodiversity crises of the Anthropocene. In response, tropical countries such as Colombia have committed to restoring degraded lands and reconnecting forest fragments. To contribute to this mission, we evaluated how easy-to-measure seed functional traits predicted germination requirements and early seedling growth rates (RGRs) for 11 tree species native to the Andean-Amazon piedmont region. Pre-sowing treatments followed a 3 × 3 factorial design: three light conditions (full, partial, and no light) and three pre-germination treatments (hot water, abrasion, and control). A cluster analysis grouped species into three groups driven chiefly by highly correlated variables of seed size and mass. However, species within and among functional groups differed in their response to pre-germination treatments. One exception includes the small-seeded species group responding with little-to-no germination to the absence of light. Since functional traits were highly correlated, we used Principal Component Regression (PCR) to predict germination metrics (germination percentage, velocity, and vigor) and RGRs. The multivariate trait axis of seed size and seed mass measurements (PC1) correlated negatively with germination metrics and positively with RGRs. Our results highlight the challenges associated with using easy-to-measure functional traits to deduce the most effective pre-sowing treatment. Other more relevant functional traits can be measured in lab, but a shotgun approach to testing pre-germination treatments may be more cost-effective. High germination in small-sized seed species highlights the early-successional niche these species occupy, but reduced RGR may represent a tradeoff associated with having relatively few resources stored in seed.
Beiträge kommunaler Planung für mehr Ernährungssicherheit in deutschen Städten
Authors: Augustin Hanna , Rosol Marit 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungZur Einzelhandelssteuerung entwickeln viele deutsche Kommunen Einzelhandelskonzepte. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der Lebensmittelversorgung gehört dabei inzwischen zu den Standardinstrumenten. Gemeinhin wird dabei ein distanzbasierter Indikator verwendet, der den Grad der Versorgung anhand von Luftliniendistanzen, z. T. auch realen Wegedistanzen zwischen Wohn- und nächstem Einkaufsort misst. Der Zugang zu Lebensmitteln wird jedoch über diese Distanz hinaus von weiteren physisch-räumlichen und sozioökonomischen Faktoren beeinflusst. Diese werden bislang kaum berücksichtigt. Ein unzureichender Zugang zu Lebensmitteln ist nicht nur aus gesundheitlicher Perspektive problematisch, sondern v. a. auch aufgrund der sozialen Funktion von Ernährung als wichtigem Feld gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe. Der erschwerte Zugang zu Lebensmitteln trifft insbesondere Menschen in prekären Lebenslagen, die ohnehin bereits in ihrer gesellschaftlichen Teilhabe eingeschränkt sind. In diesem Artikel stellen wir deshalb ein Modell vor, welches theoretisch fundiert die physisch-räumliche und sozioökonomische Einbettung des Lebensmittelzugangs umfassend und systematisch erfasst. Anhand ausgewählter Ergebnisse einer Studie, die mit eben diesem Ansatz in Bremen durchgeführt wurde, zeigen wir, von welchen Zugangsbarrieren Bewohner*innen zweier als gut versorgt geltender Stadtteile betroffen sind. Das vorrangige Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist es, stärker für die komplexe Problematik des Lebensmittelzugangs zu sensibilisieren. Zudem benennen wir abschließend Handlungsansätze, mit der die Einzelhandelssteuerung und andere kommunale Initiativen den Zugang zu Lebensmitteln verbessern können.
Is procalcitonin a reliable indicator of sepsis in spinal cord injury patients: an observational cohort study
Authors: Anas Mohammad , Hasan Tayyab , Raja Usman , Raza Wajid A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Study Design
Prospective observational cohort study.

Objective
To understand if serum procalcitonin (PCT) is a reliable indicator of sepsis in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients for better prognosis and earlier diagnosis when compared with other common biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cells (WBC), blood culture and body temperature.

Methods
From March 2021 to August 2022, data were collected for SCI patients who developed septicaemia. In addition to neurology and admission, the following blood samples were collected on day one of infection: PCT, CRP and WBC. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between PCT, CRP and WBC.

Results
A total of 27 SCI patients had an infection during their stay in the regional centre; however, only 10 developed septicaemias. 100% of SCI individuals with sepsis had elevated PCT levels, whilst 60% had elevated CRP and 30% had elevated WBC levels. There was a strong positive correlation between PCT and CRP (R2 = 0.673, CI = 95%, 5.5–22.8, p < 0.05) and a weaker positive correlation between PCT and WBC (R2 = 0.110, CI = 95%, 4.2–10.9, p < 0.05).

Conclusion
In SCI individuals, there was a correlation between serum PCT levels and septicaemia. Alongside this, PCT appeared to be more consistent throughout the study population when compared with CRP and WBC. However, this was a preliminary study and further research is required on a larger scale.
Sinc integrals revisited
Authors: Abel Ulrich , Kushnirevych Vitaliy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is the evaluation of the Fourier transform of powers of the sinc function multiplied by monomials, also in the cases when log terms arise. Such evaluations appear only rarely in the literature. Some old sources are hardly available. Because of notations not in use today, several original works are difficult to read. We apply an approach by J. H. Michell in a variant of G. H. Hardy to integrals over sinc powers and their Fourier transforms. Moreover, the connection of such integrals with B‑splines is accentuated.
Efficient controlled release of cannabinoids loaded in γ-CD-MOFs and DPPC liposomes as novel delivery systems in oral health
Authors: Rodríguez-Martínez Jorge , Sánchez-Martín María-Jesús , Valiente Manuel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOlivetol (OLV), as a cannabidiol (CBD) analog, was incorporated in γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (γ-CD-MOFs) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) liposomes as potential analgesic drug delivery systems (DDS) for dental hypersensitivity (DH) treatment. These DDS have been scarcely employed in oral health, being the first time in case of MOFs loaded with cannabinoids. In vitro experiments using bovine teeth were performed to verify if the drug is able to reach the dentin, where it can flow to the pulp tissues and exert its analgesic effect; enamel and dentin regions were analyzed by synchrotron radiation-based FTIR microspectroscopy. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to process the spectroscopic data as a powerful chemometric tool, and it revealed a similar behavior in both regions. The studied DDS have been characterized by different techniques, and is was demonstrated that DDS is an efficient way to carry the drug through dental tissues without compromising their structure.

Graphical Abstract
Architecting decentralized control in large-scale self-adaptive systems
Authors: Andersson Jesper , Caporuscio Mauro , D’Angelo Mirko , Napolitano Annalisa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractArchitecting a self-adaptive system with decentralized control is challenging. Indeed, architects shall consider several different and interdependent design dimensions and devise multiple control loops to coordinate and timely perform the correct adaptations. To support this task, we propose Decor, a reasoning framework for architecting and evaluating decentralized control. Decor provides (i) multi-paradigm modeling support, (ii) a modeling environment for MAPE-K style decentralized control, and (iii) a co-simulation environment for simulating the decentralized control together with the managed system and estimating the quality attributes of interest. We apply the Decor in three case studies: an intelligent transportation system, a smart power grid, and a cloud computing application. The studies demonstrate the framework’s capabilities to support informed architectural decisions on decentralized control and adaptation strategies.
Glycine protects against doxorubicin-induced heart toxicity in mice
Authors: Shosha Mayada I. , El-Ablack Fawzia Z. , Saad Entsar A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOXO) is a well-known cancer chemotherapeutic. However, its toxic effect on the heart limits its clinical application. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of glycine administration to counteract the DOXO-induction of cardiomyopathy in mice. Fifty male albino mice were divided into five groups (n = 10/group) as follows: control, DOXO, Gp100, Gp150, and Gp200. Histopathological examination of the heart, and biochemical examinations for heart function (creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)), inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 10 (IL-10)), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, nitric oxide (NO), and uric acid), kidney function (urea and creatinine), and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and potassium) were carried out. Cardiomyopathy induced by DOXO treatment (15 mg/kg total dose) was ascertained via pathological alterations seen in heart tissue and verified biochemically via increases (P < 0.001) in CPK, LDH, AST, TNF-α, IL-10, MDA, NO, Na, and K levels along with decreases (P < 0.001) in GSH, SOD, catalase, and uric acid. Glycine co-treatment, using doses of 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg, in a dose-dependent manner, displayed ameliorated heart architecture, significantly (P < 0.001) improved biochemical heart function tests, reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, and controlled mineral levels. The positive actions of glycine in DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity amelioration via modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and immunity are confirmed. Glycine antioxidative properties may be behind its positive outcomes. Finally, we present glycine as a worthy possible option against DOXO-induced heart damage after more validation.
Quadripartite bond length rule applied to two prototypical aromatic and antiaromatic molecules
Authors: Wolański Łukasz , Grochala Wojciech 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Context
In 2000, a remarkably simple relationship was introduced, which connected the calculated geometries of isomolecular states of three different multiplicities. These encompass a ground single state, the first excited triplet state, as well as related radical anion and radical cation. The rule allows the prediction of the geometry of one of the species if the three remaining ones are known. Here, we verify the applicability of this bond length rule for two small planar cyclic organic molecules, i.e., benzene and cyclobutadiene, which stand as prototypical examples of, respectively, aromatic and antiaromatic systems. We see that the rule works fairly well to benzene, and it works independently for quinoid as well as for anti-quinoid minima, despite the fact that radical anion species poses challenges for correct theoretical description.

Methods
To obtain chosen electronic state equilibrium geometries, three types of computational approaches were utilized: fast and efficient density functional theory DFT, the coupled cluster method CC2, the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) approach, and the most accurate but also resource-consuming perturbation theory with multireference wavefunction (CASPT2) with a default value and without IPEA-shift. Dunning and co-workers correlation-consistent basis sets (aug-)cc-pVXZ (X = D, T, Q) were employed. Gaussian 16 revision A.03, Turbomole 7.1, and Molcas 8.0 computational software were used.