bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NAVIGATING DEMENTIA DURING COVID-19: THE EXPERIENCES OF GAY AND LESBIAN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Girling Laura , Splaine Mike 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
By 2030, it is estimated that 30 million individuals worldwide will have Alzheimer’s disease or related-dementias (hereafter dementia). Described as a “modern epidemic of later life,” dementia research has begun to reflect the diversity of our aging society with greater attention to minority populations. Nonetheless, some marginalized dementia-affected populations remain understudied. Estimates suggest more than 1 million lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender older adults will have dementia by 2030. Despite sizeable predictions, dementia-affected gay and lesbian populations remain critically understudied particularly in relation to COVID-19. To date, there is scarce literature focusing on how community-dwelling gay and lesbian adults with dementia navigate the management of their condition during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to identify how community-dwelling gay and lesbian adults manage their dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic, data were combined from two interview-based studies. Content analysis was conducted on the interview narrative of the subset of individuals with dementia identifying as gay or lesbian and their study partner(n=18). Thematic findings include: 1.triple marginalization (age, sexual orientation, cognitive status), 2.social isolation, 3.programming effects (e.g., adult day programming, ADRD support groups), 4.informal and formal care interruptions, and 5.symptom acceleration. While all members of the public have experienced difficulties since the onset of COVID-19, health threats vary depending on social circumstances and vulnerabilities. Analyses indicate community-dwelling gay and lesbians with dementia are uniquely impacted by COVID-19 and face unique challenges. Attunement to such issues are of special interest to community-level policy makers, health providers, and older LGBTQ adults themselves, requiring further attention.
EFFECT OF ASPIRIN IN COVID-19 OUTCOMES OF OLDER ADULTS WITH A HISTORY OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Zadeh Ali Vaeli , Carrero Ricardo Criado , Wong Alan , Mandile Noah , Stukova Marina , Lopez German , Collado Elias , Larned Joshua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Advanced age and coronary artery disease (CAD) have been associated with a dismal prognosis in patients infected with COVID-19, most likely due to the virus’s thrombogenic effects. Older adults with a history of CAD have routinely used low-dose Aspirin (LDA) as prevention due to their increased risk of cerebro-cardiovascular events. However, it is unclear if this population would benefit from LDA when infected with COVID-19.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted using the PearlDiver database (PearlDiver Technologies, Fort Wayne, IN). Using ICD codes, patients aged 65–75 and Elixhauser Comorbidity Score(ECI)&gt;4 with a history of CAD admitted for COVID-19 were identified. The use of LDA for 1 month before the index event was used to split the cohort into two matched groups by age, gender, ECI, and other cardiovascular diseases. Records of groups were reviewed for multiple outcomes 30 days after admission. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to compare groups. The strength of association was reported as Risk Ratios (RR).

Results
4,017 patients with no difference in the mean age, gender, and ECI were included in each group. No differences present in 30-days all-cause readmission(RR=1.04, CI95% =0.92–1.17, p=0.49), mortality(RR=0.63, CI95%=0.30–1.29, p=0.28), ICU admission(RR=1.01, CI95%=0.89–1.15, p=0.79), gastrointestinal bleeding(RR=1.09, CI95% = 0.85–1.40, p=0.51), and intracranial hemorrhage(RR=0.69, CI95%=0.26–1.83, p=0.62) between groups.

Conclusion
LDA didn’t improve the evaluated outcomes in older persons 30 days after admission. A plausible explanation is that COVID-19’s thrombogenic mechanism is likely atypical.
RE-AIM EVALUATION OF A VIRTUAL “AGING WITH PAIN” INTEGRATIVE HEALTH EDUCATION PROGRAM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Brailsford Jennifer , Sheikh Sophia , Beneciuk Jason , Patel Monika , Johnson Brittany , Li Robin Moorman , Hendry Phyllis , Spindle Natalie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Literature suggests integrative pain management strategies reduce chronic pain and opioid use. However, many older adults are unaware of these options. The Aging and Integrative Pain Assessment and Management Initiative (AI-PAMI) launched in 2020, providing webinars and recorded presentations on integrative pain management for adults &gt; age 50, caregivers and healthcare providers. The RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework was used to evaluate AI-PAMI via the following measures: participant demographics, survey results, program elements and qualitative findings. Reach: There have been &gt; 20,000 views of recorded content and 48% (885/1,859) of registrants attended a live webinar. Effectiveness: Survey results demonstrate 75% of providers and 73% of older adults/caregivers reported new knowledge gain; and 80% of providers and 60% of older adults/caregivers reported changing their pain management practice/routine. Adoption: Presentations were delivered by 33 multidisciplinary experts from 12 different institutions. Six regional stakeholders promoted AI-PAMI using their dissemination networks. Implementation: The COVID-19 pandemic changed program delivery from an in-person model to virtual. To date, AI-PAMI has delivered 17 live webinars and 25 recorded presentations. Live webinars are delivered with a didactic, Q&A discussion and follow-up email. To refine AI-PAMI, 11 healthcare providers and 16 older adults participated in focus groups or in-depth interviews. Maintenance: AI-PAMI is in its third year and will be maintained under a long-standing institution-wide program. Website content will be sustained and remain free access. AI-PAMI is a valuable educational resource for older adults, caregivers, and healthcare providers. Virtual delivery is accommodating for a post-COVID environment.
INTERVENTIONS FOR FAMILY CAREGIVERS RECEIVING PALLIATIVE/HOSPICE CARE AT HOME: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Park Taeyoung , Alshakhs Sulaiman , Sweet Elisabeth , McDarby Meghan , Czaja Sara , Reid Cary , Adelman Ronald , Phongtankuel Veerawat 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With the growth of palliative and hospice care, patients with a terminal illness and their family caregivers have opportunities to pursue care focusing on alleviation of symptoms and optimizing quality of life in the home setting. However, caregivers are often overburdened with caregiving responsibilities leading to poor physical and mental health. Given the importance of family caregivers for patients who elect to receive hospice/palliative care at home along with the negative outcomes associated with caregiving, conducting a review of caregiver interventions is critical to understand what has been studied and identify gaps in the field. A scoping review was conducted to describe interventions focused on family caregivers providing care to terminally ill patients who receive palliative/hospice care in the home setting. Variables collected included intervention delivery details, study population, participant demographics, and measured outcomes. Our search yielded 14,527 articles, of which 70 articles on 54 unique interventions were included in the final analysis. Over three-quarters (77.8%) of the interventions were conducted in North America and Europe. Interventions commonly aimed to reduce the physical burden of caregiving (53.7%), educate the caregiver (53.7%), and improve psychological well-being (48.1%). The majority (58.6%) of the articles evaluated interventions for feasibility outcomes. The lack of studies in non-Western countries points to a cultural disparity in this field. Secondly, despite the variety of interventions, religious and spiritual needs in palliative care need to be further addressed. As palliative and hospice care is an emerging area of research, most studies are still implementing interventions and assessing feasibility.
IMPACT OF HOME AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ON SELF-REPORTED MOOD AND ATTENTION IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Baniassadi Amir , Yu Wanting , Day Ryan , Wong Angel , Travison Thomas , Lipsitz Lewis , Manor Brad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Many older adults experience variations in daily mood and/or attention. Lab-based studies show that, among other variables, ambient temperature can influence both. The objective of this study was to determine if and how habitual home temperature influences self-reported mood and attention in this population.

Methods
Ambient temperature and humidity data were collected from the homes of 41 community-dwelling older adults (age=78±7, 35 females) living in Boston from June 1st to Aug 15th. Participants received two time-stamped smartphone-based questionnaires each day to report their mood and attention.

Results
On average, participants completed 86(±29) questionnaires. Those with most variations in subjective outcomes (top quartile of % of time reporting “feeling down/depressed” or “difficult keeping attention”), compared to the rest of the sample, tended to reside in homes with both higher mean ambient temperature (p=0.01) and greater deviation in temperature over time (p=0.10). Logistic regression analysis combining data from all participants revealed that ambient temperature at the time of response did not predict either self-reported outcome. However, within-subject analyses indicated that of the 17 participants who reported at least some variation in attention or mood, the likelihood of experiencing poor mood and/or attention was correlated with time-synced ambient temperature in six individuals. Gender, age, or housing type (affordable vs. private) did not predict the presence of such associations.

Conclusion
Variations in self-reported mood and attention are at least partially explained by the home thermal environment in a non-trivial fraction of older adults.
AGE, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION IN THE STUDY OF MUSCLE MOBILITY AND AGING (SOMMA)
Authors: Newman Anne , Blackwell Terri , Coen Paul , Qiao Yujia , Toledo Frederico , Zamora Ezequiel , Glynn Nancy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We studied whether lower physical activity (PA) in older adults may partly explain the age-related decline in muscle mitochondrial function in the SOMMA cohort of 879 men and women, aged 70+. PA was measured both subjectively (CHAMPS questionnaire) and objectively (wrist-worn ActiGraph Link) classifying PA levels as sedentary, light, or moderate to vigorous (MVPA, ≥3 METS). Muscle mitochondrial function was assessed ex vivo via respirometry in permeabilized fiber bundles and as in vivo by 31Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) of the maximal rate of muscle ATP regeneration (ATPMAX in the quadriceps after contraction. Of 809 with respirometry or 31P-MRS, mean age was 76.4, 58.3% were women, 12.7% Black, 85.2% White and 2.1% other race/ethnicity. Mean OXPHOS and ATPMAX values were 1.91 pmol/(s*mg) and 0.016 mM/sec lower per 5-year age increment. Men self-reported more MVPA than women, but women recorded more MVPA with actigraphy. For both self-reported and recorded activity, associations with maximal tissue oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) as well as ATPMAX were stronger for MVPA than for sedentary or light activity. After adjustment for age, sex, and clinic site, OXPHOS was lower for each standard deviation) fewer minutes/week of MVPA [reported, SD=408 min/wk: -3.66 pmol/(s*mg) (95% CI -4.93, -2.39); recorded, SD=600 min/wk: -1.93 pmol/(s*mg) (95% CI -3.31, -0.55)]. Similar associations were noted for ATPMAX. MVPA attenuated the association of age with mitochondrial function by 31–50% for both OXPHOS and ATPMAX, suggesting that MVPA could offset the lower mitochondrial function with age or that lower mitochondrial function impedes MVPA at older ages.
CT-DERIVED PARAVERTEBRAL MUSCLE RADIOMIC FEATURES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY IN THE MROS STUDY
Authors: Lenchik Leon , Webber Katey , Orwoll Eric , Cauley Jane A , Cawthon Peggy , Ensrud Kristine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose was to determine if CT-derived radiomic features (biomarkers of muscle heterogeneity) are associated with all-cause mortality (independent of muscle size and density) in 2644 men (mean age 74.0) in the MrOS Study. Our fully-automated machine learning algorithm determined paraspinous muscle area and density. We also identified 75 radiomic features of muscle texture at the level of T12 vertebra. We used factor analysis to reduce the number of radiomic features into latent variables that explain the underlying data. Association of these factors, muscle cross-sectional area, and muscle density with all-cause mortality was determined using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for CT-derived muscle area and density CT parameters (scanner model, slice thickness, tube current), participant age, height, total body fat, grip strength, walking speed, leg power, diabetes status, physical activity, self-reported health, and number of medications. Multiple comparisons were accounted for using false discovery rate testing. After a mean 13.3 ± 5.9 years of follow-up, 1945 (73.6%) men died. Muscle area and density and all 6 radiomic factors identified were significantly different in survivors compared with deceased. In fully adjusted models, 54 of 75 (72%) individual radiomic features were significantly associated with mortality. In fully adjusted models, low muscle density (HR/SD increment = 0.85; CI = 0.75,0.99), radiomic Factor 1 (HR/SD increment = 0.76; CI = 0.62,0.95), radiomic Factor 2 (HR/SD increment = 1.47, CI =1.23, 1.76) but not muscle area (HR/SD increment: 1.18, CI = 0.94, 1.48) or the other radiomic factors identified, were independently associated with mortality.
INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS OF RUSSIAN SPEAKERS IN ISRAEL IN THE SHADOW OF PROPAGANDA: FACEBOOK POSTS ANALYSIS
Authors: Shulyaev Ksenya , Band-Winterstein Tova 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Part of the elderly Russian-speaking community in Israel is exposed to the TV channels of the Russian government. These channels are impacted by Russian propaganda and, as such, use false claims and manipulative techniques. The aim of this presentation is to shed light on the impact of Russian media on intergenerational relationships of Russian-speaker families in Israel. We conducted a preliminary qualitative study based on a thematic analysis of Facebook posts (Nf34) from March to June 2022. Analysis revealed four key themes: (1) “Tragedy of many families”, the importance of unity of opinion and the problem of difference, a key element in the emotional well-being (or its lack) of Russian-speaking families at the moment; (2) “It’s useless to explain something”, the perception of older parents who support Putin as victims of “brainwashing”, with comments on “zombies”, totalitarian sects, and psychotropic drugs; (3) “The truth will destroy them”, the perception of disbelief in war as a defensive reaction necessary for the elderly, because the reality may destroy them; (4) “A topic that is not talked about”, a refusal to discuss Ukraine seen as the only way to save the relationship, speaking instead about health issues, daily life issues, and the weather. The findings underline that the Russian-Ukrainian war conflict impacts intergenerational solidarity and closeness, and calls for an intervention that provides support for both the elderly and their adult children.
GRANDPARENT-PARENT RELATIONSHIP, CAREGIVING MEANING AND FAMILY WELLBEING: AN APIM STUDY OF 200 DYADS
Authors: Liao Xu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
While many older persons contribute to their families by providing care to their grandchildren (GC), the role transition could bring challenges to both grandparents (GP) and parents (P) especially for those who evenly share caregiving duties. Despite growing research on grandparenthood, a knowledge gap remains in the study of GP-P partnership; it is essential to examine GP and P as a unit and learn how the dyadic relationship influences their family. The purpose of this study is to gain a further understanding of GP-P relationship, meaning of caregiving, and family well-being (FWB). Data from 200 GP-P dyads in China were collected by a questionnaire survey. The study participants were chosen from families with one GC aged 0–8 who is cared for by GP and P together, and identified by the GC’s teachers. The actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) was adopted in data analysis. Results showed that for co-(grand)parenting relationship and FWB, the actor effect was statistically significant for both GP and P; so was the partner effect from P to GP. Likewise, for meaning of caregiving and FWB, the actor effect was statistically significant for both GP and P; so was the partner effect from GP to P. The results advance knowledge about GP-P partnership and how feelings and actions could impact the overall family well-being. The findings can also guide the development of practices and services that enhance the function of GP-P collaboration and their family well-being.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTACHMENT, RELATIONSHIP QUALITY, AND DAILY STRESS AMONG DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS
Authors: Wuestefeld Paulina , Goodwin Paige , Intrieri Robert 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The current study assesses the relationship between attachment style, relationship quality, and daily stress among family caregivers of persons with dementia. The study incorporates a longitudinal burst design. In an initial meeting with the investigator, participants completed measures of attachment style (Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire Revised), past and current relationship quality (RQ), emotion regulation (Emotion Regulation Questionnaire), and caregiver burden (Zarit Burden Interview). For the next 14 days, participants were sent a link to a brief survey that included the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule and the Perceived Stress Scale. They were also asked to estimate what proportion of their daily stress did they attribute to caregiving. There are significant positive correlations between caregiver burden and current negative RQ, r = 0.70, p = .008, as well as between attachment anxiety and current negative RQ, r = 0.60, p = .029. According to regression analyses, attachment anxiety predicts negative current RQ, R2 = .37, F(1, 11) = 6.32, p = .029. Current negative RQ predicts caregiver burden, R2 = .49, F(1, 11) = 10.55, p = .008. Additional analyses will explore the link between attachment style, emotion regulation, burden, relationship quality, and longitudinal assessments of daily stress and affect. Though preliminary, study results suggest that beyond caregiver burden, daily stress and well-being of caregivers is impacted by the relationship between attachment, relationship quality, and emotion regulation.
INCREASING MEDICATION SAFETY AWARENESS IN RURAL OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Haughtigan Kara , Jones Susan , Main Eve , Groves Elizabeth , Joyce Melinda 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Compared to urban populations, rural residents have a higher incidence of chronic diseases and poorer health outcomes. Most medications in the United States are consumed by older adults who are more susceptible to adverse drug events due to the presence of multiple chronic conditions and physiologic changes in the body. This community-based project evaluated the impact of an interdisciplinary medication education intervention on medication knowledge and adherence to medications and refills. The study was a quasi-experimental pretest/posttest design with a convenience sample. The project was marketed via a multi-media approach. Most participants reported learning of the event at a senior center. Each participant received a private educational session for their specific medications with a nurse practitioner, pharmacist, or pharmacy resident. Forty-nine older adults participated in the study with 48 (97.9%) completing both the pretest and posttest. The average age of participants was 71.4 years and the average number of medications per participant was 5.4. There was a statistically significant difference in the adherence to medication and refills subscale score (p = .003). There was no statistically significant difference in the medication knowledge subscale (p = .192), however, the scores did trend upward indicating an increase in medication knowledge. Forty-four (89.8%) participants reported they were more comfortable understanding their medication since participating in the program and 48 (98%) reported they would recommend the program to others. The results of this study suggest community-based outreach medication educational programs can increase adherence to medication and refills for older adults residing in rural areas.
RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ATTITUDES TOWARD DEMENTIA, QUALITY OF LIFE, AND MIDLIFE WOMEN’S SYMPTOMS IN FAMILY CAREGIVERS
Authors: Kim Heejung , Kim Seo Yun , Yau Roger , Brewster Glenna , Chee Wonshik , Im Eun Ok 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Attitudes towards dementia and caregiving differ by family caregivers’ racial/ethnic backgrounds. However, there is a gap in the literature on midlife women family caregivers’ attitudes toward Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and family caregiving. The study purposes were to (1) explore racial/ethnic variations in midlife women family caregivers’ attitudes toward AD and family caregiving and (2) examine the relationships among their attitudes towards dementia and caregiving, quality of life, and physical and psychological symptoms. This cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey among 36 Whites, 41 African Americans, 40 Hispanics, and 55 Asians. The structured measures consisted of two types of attitudes (Attitude toward AD and Related Dementias Scale and Questions on Attitudes toward AD Caregiving), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L), and multidimensional symptoms (Midlife Women’s Symptom Index). The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression analyses with SPSS 26. Asian caregivers perceived the care recipients’ symptoms as more bothersome than White caregivers (p = .039). Asian caregivers reported lower levels of behavioral skills and shared responsibility compared with other racial/ethnic groups of caregivers (p &lt; .01). African Americans showed more positive attitudes toward family caregiving compared with Hispanics and Asians (p = .001). The regression analyses indicated that more positive attitudes toward family caregiving were significantly related to a better quality of life and fewer symptoms (both physical and psychological symptoms; p &lt; .05). Culturally tailored interventions that incorporate caregivers’ attitudes are needed to improve midlife women family caregivers’ quality of life and symptoms.