bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immortalized Alzheimer’s Disease Astrocytes: Characterization of Their Proteolytic Systems
Authors: Gong Chunmei , Bonfili Laura , Zheng Yadong , Cecarini Valentina , Cuccioloni Massimiliano , Angeletti Mauro , Dematteis Giulia , Tapella Laura , Genazzani Armando A. , Lim Dmitry , Eleuteri Anna Maria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegeneration with dysfunctions in both the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy. Astroglia participation in AD is an attractive topic of research, but molecular patterns are partially defined and available in vitro models have technical limitations. Immortalized astrocytes from the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD and wild-type mice (3Tg-iAstro and WT-iAstro, respectively) have been obtained as an attempt to overcome primary cell line limitations and this study aims at characterizing their proteolytic systems, focusing on UPS and autophagy. Both 26S and 20S proteasomal activities were downregulated in 3Tg-iAstro, in which a shift in catalytic subunits from constitutive 20S proteasome to immunoproteasome occurred, with consequences on immune functions. In fact, immunoproteasome is the specific complex in charge of clearing damaged proteins under inflammatory conditions. Parallelly, augmented expression and activity of the lysosomal cathepsin B, enhanced levels of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1, beclin1, and LC3-II, together with an increased uptake of monodansylcadaverine in autophagic vacuoles, suggested autophagy activation in 3Tg-iAstro. The two proteolytic pathways were linked by p62 that accumulated in 3Tg-iAstro due to both increased synthesis and decreased degradation in the UPS defective astrocytes. Treatment with 4-phenylbutyric acid, a neuroprotective small chemical chaperone, partially restored proteasome and autophagy-mediated proteolysis in 3Tg-iAstro. Our data shed light on the impaired proteostasis in 3Tg-iAstro with proteasome inhibition and autophagic compensatory activation, providing additional validation of this AD in vitro model, and propose a new mechanism of action of 4-phenylbutyric acid in neurodegenerative disorders.
„Ein Social-Media-Post ist kein Projektil“ – Konzeptionelle Herausforderungen durch Desinformation
Authors: Teetz Adrian 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDas sicherheitspolitische Paradigma der „Hybriden Bedrohungen“ zählt Desinformationsaktivitäten zum Arsenal internationaler „Grauzonenkonflikte“ unterhalb der Schwelle des bewaffneten Angriffs. Demokratische Staaten geraten damit in das Paradox, ihre Öffentlichkeit als Plattform der Meinungs- und Willensbildung gegen feindselige Interventionen zu verteidigen, ohne in deren konstitutive Freiheitlichkeit einzugreifen. Dies stellt die staatliche Gefahrenabwehr vor neue konzeptionelle Herausforderungen.
Does Training Background Influence Outcomes after Coronal Scalp Incision for Treating Craniomaxillofacial Injuries?: A German Pilot Study
Authors: Pitak-Arnnop Poramate , Subbalekha Keskanya , Tangmanee Chatpong , Sirintawat Nattapong , Meningaud Jean-Paul , Neff Andreas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To examine outcomes of the coronal scalp approach to craniomaxillofacial (CMF) fractures performed by oral-maxillofacial or craniofacial plastic surgery residents (OMFS/CFPS-Rs) vs. trauma surgery residents (TS-Rs), and to determine differences in treatment outcomes between both operator groups.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study enrolled a sample of CMF fracture adult patients treated via the coronal approach in a German level one trauma center during a two-year interval. The predictor variable was training background (OMFS/CFPS-Rs vs. TS-Rs; each n = 5). All trainees must assist in ≥ two surgeries before self-performance. The main outcomes were length of hospital stay (LHS) and coronal flap-related complications (CFRCs). Appropriate statistics were computed at α = 95%.

Results
Of the 97 patients identified during the study period; 71 of whom (19.7% females; mean age, 40.2 ± 15.2 years; 46.5% operated by TS-Rs; 38% combined upper and midfacial fractures) met the inclusion criteria. Operative time, LHS, CFRCs, readmission rates, and post-discharge emergency room visits were not significantly different between the trainee groups. 60% of CFRCs were visible/unfavorable or hypertrophic scar with/without alopecia. The number needed to treat of short LHS was 44 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.9 to 4.8), the number needed to harm of CFRCs was 14 (95% CI, 3.6 to 7.4), i.e., the likelihood to be helped or harmed was 0.32.

Conclusions
Coronal flap raising by OMFS/CFPS-Rs does not appear beneficial over that by TS-Rs in terms of LHS and CFRCs evaluated until postoperative month six. Trainees from any surgical specialties could gain partial independence from skilled surgeons in CMF trauma “sub-steps” and favorable clinical outcomes. Further studies in a larger sample cohort are required to confirm this pilot data.
The asymptotic Samuel function and invariants of singularities
Authors: Benito A. , Bravo A. , Encinas S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe asymptotic Samuel function generalizes to arbitrary rings the usual order function of a regular local ring. In this paper, we use this function to introduce the notion of the Samuel slope of a Noetherian local ring, and we study some of its properties. In particular, we focus on the case of a local ring at singular point of a variety, and, among other results, we prove that the Samuel slope of these rings is related to some invariants used in algorithmic resolution of singularities.
The antioxidant, wound healing properties and proteomic analysis of water extracts from the tropical cyanobacteria, Nostoc NIES-2111_MUM004
Authors: Foo Su Chern , Lee Zi Sheng , Yap Michelle Khai Khun , Tan Ji Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCyanobacteria bioactive compounds are chemical treasure troves for product discovery and development. The wound healing effects and antioxidant capacities of water extracts from Nostoc NIES-2111_MUM004 were evaluated via in vitro wound scratch assay and three antioxidant assays respectively. Results showed that the water extracts were protein-rich and exhibited good antioxidant properties in ABTS radical scavenging (11.27 ± 0.205 mg TAE g−1 extract), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (1652.71 ± 110.71 mg TAE g−1 extract) and β-carotene bleaching assay (354.90 ± 31.80 mg TAE g−1 extract). Also, extracts were non-cytotoxic in concentrations up to 250 µg/mL as reflected in cytotoxicity assay. Importantly, water extracts showed considerable proliferation and migration activity at 125 µg/mL with wound closure rate as high as 42.67%. Statistical correlation revealed no significant relationship (p > 0.05) between protein fraction and the wound healing properties, confirming that phycobiliproteins were not solely responsible for wound healing activities. Subsequent Q-TOF-LCMS analysis identified six protein families involved in enhancing the proliferation and migration of epithelial cells. These findings are antecedent in the uncovering of continuous supplies of bioactive compounds from new and sustainable sources. Ultimately, enriching the microalgae menu for applications in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmeceuticals.
Stress among nursing staff and interventions in Austrian nursing homes
Authors: Bauer Silvia , Eglseer Doris , Hödl Manuela 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Most of the limited number of studies that have been carried out on COVID-19 in nursing homes have not included primarily nursing staff. Nevertheless, knowledge about staff experiences will help to provide recommendations for the future.

Aim
The aim of this study was to describe stress experienced and interventions performed by nursing staff and to identify factors that are associated to the perceived stress among Austrian nursing home staff during the first and the second waves of COVID-19.

Methods
A secondary data analysis of two cross-sectional surveys performed in 2020 and 2021 among nursing home staff was performed. We did descriptive analysis as well as univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Results
A total of 449 nurses participated in the first survey and 300 in the second survey. 12.7% experienced high stress levels in the first wave, while 26.0% experienced high stress levels in the second wave (p < 0.001). The analysis showed that nursing staff in the second wave had a 2.195-fold higher relative chance of experiencing a high stress level compared to nursing staff in the first wave (p < 0.001). Caring for COVID-19 residents (odds ratio [OR] 1.827; p = 0.007) and being female (OR 1.992; p = 0.018) also significantly increased the relative chance of experiencing a high stress level. Some protective interventions, such as the use of FFP masks, increased between the two waves, while others decreased, such as the practice of airing the residents’ rooms.

Conclusion
Austrian nursing staff in nursing homes experienced more stress during the second wave, illustrating the heavy burden of the long pandemic on staff. Nursing management should plan appropriate supportive interventions such as psychological help, stress relief measures and financial incentives for nursing staff, especially for the identified high-risk groups.
Nanoclays-containing bio-based packaging materials: properties, applications, safety, and regulatory issues
Authors: Perera Kalpani Y. , Hopkins Maille , Jaiswal Amit K. , Jaiswal Swarna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFood packaging is an important concept for consumer satisfaction and the increased shelf life of food products. The introduction of novel food packaging materials has become an emerging trend in recent years, which could be mainly due to environmental pollution caused by plastic packaging and to reduce food waste. Recently, numerous studies have been carried out on nanoclays or nanolayered silicate to be used in packaging material development as reinforcing filler composites. Different types of nanoclays have been used as food packaging materials, while montmorillonite (MMT), halloysite, bentonite (BT), Cloisite, and organically modified nanoclays have become of great interest. The incorporation of nanoclays into the packaging matrix improves the mechanical and barrier properties and at the same time prolongs the biodegradation of the packaging material. The purpose of this article is to examine the development of nanoclay-based food packaging materials. The review article highlights the current state of research on bio-based polymers with nanoclay for food packaging. In addition, the report analyses the mechanical, barrier, and antibacterial characteristics of nanoclay-based food packaging materials. Finally, it discusses the migration of nanoclays, toxicity levels, and the legislation associated with the application of nanoclays.
Graphical abstract
Renal scintigraphy to predict persistent renal failure after acute kidney injury: an observational study
Authors: Altarelli Marco , Jreige Mario , Prior John Olivier , Nicod Lalonde Marie , Schneider Antoine Guillaume 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Renal scintigraphy (RS) is occasionally performed to assess the risk of persistent renal failure (PRF) in patients with acute kidney disease (AKD). However, its diagnostic performance has never been assessed.

Methods
We identified all patients with AKD for whom RS was performed in our institution between 2010 and 2017. PRF was defined as persistently low (< 33% of baseline) estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR), 1 year after RS. Nuclear medicine specialists reviewed RS data and rated, for each patient, the likelihood of PRF (“PRF score”). We evaluated the performance to predict PRF (area under the ROC curve (AUC)) of RS-derived parameters such as renal accumulation index, accumulation slope, and new parameters derived from serial kidney activity counts. We tested the ability of those parameters to improve a clinical model including hypertension, diabetes, AKI severity and baseline eGFR. Finally, we conducted sensitivity analyses using alternate PRF definitions.

Results
Among 97 patients included, 57 (59%) fulfilled the criteria for PRF. The PRF score was able to predict PRF with an AUC of 0.63. Similarly, the accumulation index and accumulation slope respective AUCs were 0.64 and 0.63. None of these parameters were able to improve the performance of the clinical model. Among new parameters, the 3rd/2nd minute activity ratio and 3rd/2nd minute activity slope had fair diagnostic performance (AUC 0.72 and 0.74, respectively) and improved the performance of the clinical model. Results were confirmed in sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion
Conventional renal scintigraphy can identify patients at high risk of PRF with a high specificity but a low sensitivity. New parameters, with comparable diagnostic abilities can be obtained within three minutes of injection.

Graphical abstract
Automatic multi-documents text summarization by a large-scale sparse multi-objective optimization algorithm
Authors: Abo-Bakr H. , Mohamed S. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDue to the exponential overflow of textual information in various fields of knowledge and on the internet, it is very challenging to extract important information or to generate a summary from some multi-document collection in a specific field. With such a gigantic amount of textual content, human text summarization becomes impractical since it is expensive and consumes a lot of time and effort. So, developing automatic text summarization (ATS) systems is becoming increasingly essential. ATS approaches are either extractive or abstractive. The extractive approach is simpler and faster than the abstractive approach. This work proposes an extractive ATS system that aims to extract a small subset of sentences from a large multi-document text. First, the whole text is preprocessed by applying some natural language processing techniques such as sentences segmentation, words tokenization, removal of stop-words, and stemming to provide a structured representation of the original document collection. Based on this structured representation, the ATS problem is formulated as a multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem that optimizes the extracted summary to maintain the coverage of the main text content while avoiding redundant information. Secondly, an evolutionary sparse multi-objective algorithm is developed to solve the formulated large-scale MOO. The output of this algorithm is a set of non-dominated summaries (Pareto front). A novel criterion is proposed to select the target summary from the Pareto front. The proposed ATS system has been examined using (DUC) datasets, and the output summaries have been evaluated using (ROUGE) metrics and compared with the literature.
Sustainable intensification of vegetable production using the cereal ‘push-pull technology’: benefits and one health implications
Authors: Chidawanyika Frank , Muriithi Beatrice , Niassy Saliou , Ouya Fredrick O. , Pittchar Jimmy O. , Kassie Menale , Khan Zeyaur R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract‘One health’ (OH) is a cross-sectoral approach that addresses human, plant, animal, and environmental health problems. The initiative stems from recognition of the convoluted linkages among global health risks and the need for coherent multipronged countermeasures. For agriculture, environmental degradation and biodiversity depletion wrought by heavy reliance on inorganic inputs to meet the needs of the ever-growing human population, are a matter of societal concern. Agroecological-based farming strategies have therefore aptly been promoted as an alternative. The push-pull technology (PPT), which was originally developed to combat stemborer pests and later the parasitic weed Striga is one such example. Undoubtedly, the PPT`s ability to maintain soil health and fertility, human and animal nutrition, and food safety together with crop protection against pests remains a progressive approach for buttressing food production among resource-constrained farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In a bid to elevate its nutrition-sensitivity status, we recently intensified the cereal PPT by adding vegetables and legumes whilst simultaneously closing yield gaps through judicious usage of land, and environmental and crop protection based on farmer needs. Such context-based interventions, unlock new benefits for farmers and open new frontiers for research in pest and biodiversity management emanating from crop production infused with food safety and environmental stewardship. Whilst OH has largely received attention regarding animal health and zoonotics, we here opine how sustainably managed crop health, in the vegetable intensified PPT, contributes to the same outcomes through human and animal nutrition, food safety that bolsters developmental goals in gender equity and food security. We conclude that the cropping system can even contribute to fight against zoonotic diseases if companion plants that fend off diseases vectors are incorporated.
Molecular Modeling to Predict the Optimal Mineralogy of Smectites as Binders of Aflatoxin
Authors: Szczerba Marek , Deng Youjun , Kowalik-Hyla Mariola 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNumerous experiments have verified that smectites can adsorb aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) effectively and the efficiency of this process depends heavily on the chemical, physical, and mineralogical characteristics of the smectite. Several relationships between these characteristics and AfB1 sorption have been determined experimentally, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these were not investigated. In the current study the effects of charge density, type of exchange cation, and charge origin (octahedral vs. tetrahedral) on AfB1 sorption on smectites were analyzed by a series of molecular simulations. The calculations confirmed the formation of water bridges between carbonyl groups of AfB1 molecules and interlayer cations. Flat orientation of AfB1 molecules on smectite surfaces was also confirmed. For larger amounts of AfB1 molecules in the intercalates, self-association of two AfB1 molecules bound by π–π interaction was shown. The thermodynamics of AfB1 sorption depends heavily on the water content in the structure, being optimal for basal distances corresponding to two layers of water. A clear preference for sorption of AfB1 on smectites with bivalent cations (Ba2+, Ca2+) and an octahedral origin of its layer charge was confirmed and this was explained as steric hindrance between hydrated ions and AfB1 molecules, which tend to lie flat on smectite surfaces devoid of ions. Ba-montmorillonite with a charge of 0.4 per half unit cell was shown to have the smallest and thus the best potential energy of adsorption compared to the other layer charges.
Beware of sustainable AI! Uses and abuses of a worthy goal
Authors: Heilinger Jan-Christoph , Kempt Hendrik , Nagel Saskia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe ethical debate about technologies called artificial intelligence (AI) has recently turned towards the question whether and in which sense using AI can be sustainable, distinguishing possible contributions of AI to achieve the end of sustainability on the one hand from the sustainability of AI and its underlying technologies as means on the other hand. This important distinction is both applied in the context of environmental as well as social sustainability. However, further elaboration is necessary to capture the complexities of sustainability assessments in the context of AI. To this end, our analysis of the ends and means of “sustainable AI” in social and environmental contexts leads to a matrix of four dimensions reflecting its social and its environmental impact and costs. This matrix avoids overly narrow, one-dimensional assessments that too quickly label some AI-based technology as sustainable. While a selective assessment can, at best, warrant the narrower verdict of “thin” sustainability, only such a comprehensive assessment can warrant the verdict of what we call “thick” sustainability. In consequence, we recommend to broaden the normative scope in considering the ethics and justice of AI and to use the notion “sustainability” more carefully and sparingly, and to pursue the more ambitious goal of “thick” sustainability of AI-based technologies to meaningfully contribute to actual improvements of human lives and living together. Current conditions of an economy oriented towards permanent growth, however, may make it difficult or even impossible to realise sustainable AI.
Effectiveness of Regulatory Policies on Online/Digital/Internet-Mediated Alcohol Marketing: a Systematic Review
Authors: Radoš Krnel Sandra , Levičnik Gorazd , van Dalen Wim , Ferrarese Giulia , Tricas-Sauras Sandra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The rapid growth of social networking sites and video sharing platforms has created an opportunity for the alcohol industry to employ advanced advertising and marketing approaches to target their audiences, increasingly blurring the lines between commercial marketing and user-generated content, which poses a challenge for effective regulation.

Methods
We conducted a systematic search through three peer-reviewed journal databases (WoS, PubMed, Scopus). Studies were included if published in English, after 2004, and assessed statutory regulation or voluntary industry codes, enacted by an EU or nation’s governmental agency or private entity, and with the intent to restrict digital alcohol advertising. In addition, we conducted a manual search of gray literature.

Results
A total of 4690 records were identified. After duplicate removal and full-text assessment, 14 articles were examined. Our findings indicate that children and adolescents may often be exposed to alcohol advertisements on social media and websites due to industry’s self-regulatory age-affirmation systems being largely ineffective at preventing under-aged access. Cases of self-regulatory violations by the alcohol industry, and increasingly innovative ‘gray-area’ advertising approaches have also been noted. Additionally, research illustrates a lack of developed statutory restrictions of digital alcohol advertising and instead continued reliance on voluntary industry self-regulation.

Conclusions
There is a substantial need for further research to examine the effectiveness of digital alcohol advertising restrictions in social media, websites and image/video sharing platforms. Moreover, there is a necessity for countries to develop comprehensive statutory frameworks, which would effectively restrict and monitor rapidly advancing digital alcohol advertising practices on new digital media.