bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Biomaterial for Decolorization of Azo Dyes: Myoglobin‐Zn(II) Assisted Hybrid Nanoflowers
Authors: Altinkaynak Cevahir , Turk Merve , Yangin Nazlican , Özdemir Nalan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProtein‐inorganic hybrid nanoflowers are new multifunctional materials shown enhanced catalytic performance. Specially, they are used as catalyst and dye decolorizer via Fenton reaction. In this study, the Myoglobin‐Zn (II) assisted hybrid nanoflowers (MbNFs@Zn) were fabricated by using myoglobin and zinc (II) ions in different synthesis conditions. The optimum morphology was characterized SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, and FT‐IR. The hemisphere and uniform morphology was obtained at pH 6 and 0.1 mg mL−1. The size of MbNFs@Zn are 5–6 μm. The encapsulation yield was ∼95 %. In the presence of H2O2, the peroxidase mimic activity of MbNFs@Zn was spectrophotometrically investigated in the different pH values (4–9). The highest peroxidase mimic activity was found as 3.378 EU/mg at pH 4. MbNFs@Zn was exhibited 0.28 EU/mg after eight cycles. MbNFs@Zn has lost about 92 % of its activity. The usability of MbNFs@Zn for decolorization of azo dyes such as Congo red (CR), and Evans blue (EB) was researched at different times, temperatures and concentrations. The decolorization efficiency was found maximum as 92.3 % and 88.4 % for EB and CR dyes, respectively. MbNFs@Zn has perfect properties such as enhanced catalytic performance, high decolorization efficiency, stability and reusability, and can be excellent potential materials for many industrial applications.
Spirocyclic Chromenopyrazole Inhibitors Disrupting the Interaction between the RNA‐Binding Protein LIN28 and Let‐7
Authors: Borgelt Lydia , Huang Fubao , Hohnen Lisa , Qiu Xiaqiu , Goebel Georg L. , Hommen Pascal , Wu Peng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSmall‐molecule inhibitors of the RNA‐binding and regulating protein LIN28 have the potential to be developed as chemical probes for biological perturbation and as therapeutic candidates. Reported small molecules disrupting the interaction between LIN28 and let‐7 miRNA suffer from moderate to weak inhibitory activity and flat structure‐activity relationship, which hindered the development of next‐generation LIN28 inhibitors that warrant further evaluations. We report herein the identification of new LIN28 inhibitors utilizing a spirocyclization strategy based on a chromenopyrazole scaffold. Representative compounds 2–5 showed potent in vitro inhibitory activity against LIN28‐let‐7 interaction and single‐digit micromolar potency in inhibiting the proliferation of LIN28‐expressing JAR cancer cells. The spirocyclic compound 5 incorporated a position that is amenable for functional group appendage and further structural modifications. The binding mode of compound 5 with the LIN28 cold shock domain was rationalized via a molecular docking analysis.
Refining the NobleStitch PFO closure technique using an anatomy‐tailored approach
Authors: Poulin Marie‐France , Kavinsky Clifford J. 
Published: May 2023

Key Points
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) tunnel width and length can help predict successful closure after NobleStitch.
A maximal tunnel width/shortest length ratio ≤0.61 is a good predictor of a significant (grade 2–3) residual right‐left shunt after a single stitch at follow‐up.
Consideration of using two stitches for patients with large and/or short PFO tunnels should be made at the index procedure.
Smartphone‐Assisted Electrochemical Sensor Based on Mg0.5Co2.5(PO4)2 and Carbon Black for Trace Bisphenol A Detection
Authors: Salhi Ouissal , Oularbi Larbi , Ez‐zine Tarik , El Attar Anas , Chemchoub Sanaa , Aaddane Abdellah , El Rhazi Mama 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBisphenol A (BPA) widely recognized as an endocrine disruptor can induce serious threats to human health such as sexual anomalies and cancer. Unfortunately, BPA has been increasingly used since 1950s; specifically during the manufacturing of polycarbonates and plastics such as food containers and water bottles. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop low‐cost, simple, portable and sensitive sensors for in‐situ detection of this contaminant in food and water. The combination of nanostructured carbon materials and metal/metal oxide nanoparticles can result in materials with unique physicochemical properties as well as excellent catalytic behaviors. Herein, we propose a smartphone‐assisted electrochemical sensor based on the combination of Mg0.5Co2.5(PO4)2 and carbon black (CB) modified screen‐printed electrode (SPE) for a rapid and sensitive determination of BPA. Structural characterization confirmed the formation of Mg0.5Co2.5(PO4)2/CB nanocomposite on SPE surface. Very low oxidation potential of BPA was observed during the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) experiments at 0.16 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The sensor revealed two‐step linear response from 0.5–6.5 μm and from 16.5–100 μm with a lower limit of detection (LOD) of 0.15 μm. A good reproducibility, excellent stability, and high interference‐free ability were obtained. Furthermore, the developed sensor showed satisfactory recoveries for BPA detection in real water samples.
High‐Pressure and High‐Temperature Dion–Jacobson Layered Perovskite Polymorphs of KWO3F
Authors: Zimmerhofer Fabian , Krüger Hannes , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTwo new Dion–Jacobson layered perovskite polymorphs of the known oxyfluoride compound KWO3F are reported. A high‐pressure modification was synthesized using a multianvil setup and subsequently transformed into a high‐temperature phase at ∼311 °C. The crystal structures of both polymorphs were determined by use of single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and are described in detail herein. Differential thermal analyses and thermogravimetric analyses were carried out to further investigate the phase transition characteristics. Bond valence (BV) and charge distribution (CHARDI) calculations confirm the occupancy of mixed O|F anion positions, and Rietveld refinements as well as MAPLE calculations support the structure models.
Sex differences in white matter tracts of capuchin monkey brains
Authors: Reilly Olivia T. , Brosnan Sarah F. , Benítez Marcela E. , Phillips Kimberley A. , Hecht Erin E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNonhuman primates exhibit sexual dimorphism in behavior, suggesting that there could be underlying differences in brain organization and function. Understanding this neuroanatomical variation is critical for enhancing our understanding of the evolution of sex differences in the human brain. Tufted capuchin monkeys (Sapajus [Cebus] apella) represent a phylogenetically diverse taxa of neotropical primates that converge on several behavioral characteristics with humans relevant to social organization, making them an important point of comparison for studying the evolution of sex differences in primates. While anatomical sex differences in gray matter have previously been found in capuchin monkeys, the current study investigates sex differences in white matter tracts. We carried out tract‐based spatial statistical analysis on fractional anisotropy images of tufted capuchin monkeys (15 female, 5 male). We found that females showed significantly higher fractional anisotropy than males in regions of frontal‐parietal white matter in the right cerebral hemisphere. Paralleling earlier findings in gray matter, male and female fractional anisotropy values in these regions were nonoverlapping. This complements prior work pointing toward capuchin sex differences in limbic circuitry and higher‐order visual regions. We propose that these sex differences are related to the distinct socioecological niches occupied by male and female capuchins. Capuchin neuroanatomical sex differences appear to be more pronounced than in humans, which we suggest may relate to human adaptations for prolonged neurodevelopmental trajectories and increased plasticity.
Selection of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) accessions resistant to root‐knot nematode
Authors: Silva Thais França , Peixoto Gustavo Henrique Silva , Souza Caio Felipe de Barros , Roberts Philip Alan , Santos Jansen Rodrigo Pereira , Cares Juvenil Enrique 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCowpea, Vigna unguiculata, is a legume adapted to regions with a tropical climate and limited water resources, and it has become a basic food source and income generator. Root‐knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) cause substantial damage to the root system, resulting in yield losses. Genetic resistance is one of the most efficient management methods. The objective of this study was to generate information on genetic resistance to Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne javanica of Brazilian cowpea genotypes. For this, 18 accessions of cowpea from the collection of Embrapa Meio‐Norte and six control accessions of cowpea were tested in completely randomized design with six replications, evaluated 60 days after inoculation, and carried out twice in time. To assess root penetration of nematodes and root gall formation in NIL‐CB3‐isoline, which allows reproduction but limits gall formation, nematodes inside the roots were stained with acid fuchsin, after inoculation with 5000 J2, with estimates at 72 h time‐points up to 28 days. None of the 18 accessions from Embrapa showed resistance to M. javanica, but accessions MNC06‐895‐1, MNC04‐14, MNC06‐909‐6, 98, MNCO4‐907‐35, and Am60‐15 showed resistance to M. incognita. There was a reduction in the number and size of galls in the NIL‐CB3 egg isoline, and an increase in formation of males, which are not important for parasitism. Given the importance and prospects for expansion of the cowpea crop throughout Brazil, the results of this study contribute to the knowledge on the reaction of Brazilian cowpea genotypes to the root‐knot nematode.
Board of Directors' characteristics and environmental SDGs adoption: an international study
Authors: Taglialatela Jonathan , Pirazzi Maffiola Kevin , Barontini Roberto , Testa Francesco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDrivers of environmentally conscious firm behaviour have gained increasing attention over past decades. The Board of Directors holds a central role in corporate decision‐making, and previous empirical evidence suggests that its characteristics could influence corporate environmental performance. This paper contributes to the literature with the first evidence of the influence certain board characteristics have on whether a firm ultimately supports one or more environmental SDGs. Our focus is on board size, gender diversity, board independence and CEO duality. Logistic and fractional regressions on 4417 globally listed firms highlight that board size, the share of female directors, and the share of independent directors are significant drivers of support for environmental SDGs. The results and insights revealed in this study should be helpful to policymakers, investors and corporations in evaluating the effectiveness of corporate governance characteristics and fostering corporate contributions to the 2030 Agenda.
H8[PV5Mo7O40] – A Unique Polyoxometalate for Acid and RedOx Catalysis: Synthesis, Characterization, and Modern Applications in Green Chemical Processes
Authors: Raabe Jan‐Christian , Poller Maximilian J. , Voß Dorothea , Albert Jakob 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolyoxometalates (POMs) are a fascinating group of anionic metal‐oxide clusters with a broad variety of structural properties and several catalytic applications, especially in the conversion of bio‐derived platform chemicals. H8[PV5Mo7O40] (HPA‐5) is a unique POM catalyst that ideally links numerous fascinating research fields for the following reasons: a) HPA‐5 can be synthesized by rational design approaches; b) HPA‐5 can be well characterized using multiple analytical tools explaining its catalytic properties; and c) HPA‐5 is suitable for multiple important catalytic transformations of bio‐based feedstock. This Review combines the fields of synthesis, spectroscopic, electrochemical, and crystallographic characterization of HPA‐5 with those of sustainable catalysis and green chemistry. Selected catalytic applications include esterification, dehydration, and delignification of biomass as well as selective oxidation and fractionation of bio‐based feedstock. The unique HPA‐5 is a fascinating POM that has a broad application scope for biomass valorization.
Computational and experimental analyses of alanine racemase suggest new avenues for developing allosteric small‐molecule antibiotics
Authors: van Wieren Arie , Durrant Jacob D. , Majumdar Sudipta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGiven the ever‐present threat of antibacterial resistance, there is an urgent need to identify new antibacterial drugs and targets. One such target is alanine racemase (Alr), an enzyme required for bacterial cell‐wall biosynthesis. Alr is an attractive drug target because it is essential for bacterial survival but is absent in humans. Existing drugs targeting Alr lack specificity and have severe side effects. We here investigate alternative mechanisms of Alr inhibition. Alr functions exclusively as an obligate homodimer, so we probed seven conserved interactions on the dimer interface, distant from the enzymatic active site, to identify possible allosteric influences on activity. Using the Alr from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) as a model, we found that the Lys261/Asp135 salt bridge is critical for catalytic activity. The Lys261Ala mutation completely inactivated the enzyme, and the Asp135Ala mutation reduced catalytic activity eight‐fold. Further investigation suggested a potential drug‐binding site near the Lys261/Asp135 salt bridge that may be useful for allosteric drug discovery.
Dolomitisation of carbonate platform margins by fault‐controlled geothermal convection: Insights from coupling stratigraphic and reactive transport models
Authors: Frazer Miles , Hollis Cathy , Whitaker Fiona 
Published: May 2023

AbstractReactive transport modelling is increasingly deployed to quantitatively evaluate conceptual models of diagenetic processes. However, construction of models of complex systems involves trade‐offs between accuracy and simplification. This tension is explored for models of fault‐associated dolomitisation by sea water convection in a syn‐rift carbonate platform, evaluating the contribution of incorporating stratigraphic growth and fault propagation. Simulations of the high heat flux southern margin of the Derbyshire Platform (Northern England), with heterogeneous matrix permeability that reflects the evolving stratal architecture and burial compaction focusses dolomitisation in more permeable units at all depths. A permeable platform margin fault zone enhances dolomitisation in a broad area on the upper slope and margin, and to a lesser but significant extent, across the interior as platform top waters are entrained and discharge via the fault. Stepwise simulation of flow and reactions during stratigraphic growth suggests that static models over‐predict dolomite abundance in younger sediments and show how regions optimally supplied with reactants and heat to drive dolomite formation migrate vertically and laterally during platform growth. Dolomitisation intensity increases with depth due to greater time for reactions and kinetically favourable temperatures. Adding the fault zone to this model focusses and accelerates flow, giving a more spatially restricted dolostone body and reducing dolomitisation temperature. Changes in fault connectivity with the surface of the evolving platform shift fluid flow pathways and change the rate and temperature of dolomite formation. Results concur with petrographic, isotopic and geochemical observations of the early dolomite on the Derbyshire Platform. This work demonstrates the importance of understanding diagenesis as the product of an evolving set of processes that respond to geological and palaeoenvironmental changes rather than as a sequence of individual diagenetic events. This is particularly critical for reactions, such as dolomitisation by geothermal convection of sea water, which occur over timescales synchronous with platform development.
Project Body Neutrality: Piloting a digital single‐session intervention for adolescent body image and depression
Authors: Smith Arielle C. , Ahuvia Isaac , Ito Sakura , Schleider Jessica L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveEating disorders and depression impact youth at alarming rates, yet most adolescents do not access support. Single‐session interventions (SSIs) can reach youth in need. This pilot examines the acceptability and utility of a SSI designed to help adolescents improve functionality appreciation (a component of body neutrality) by focusing on valuing one's body based on the functions it performs, regardless of appearance satisfaction.MethodPre‐ to post‐intervention data were collected, and within‐group effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals were computed, to evaluate the immediate effects of the SSI on hopelessness, functionality appreciation, and body dissatisfaction. Patterns of use, demographics, program feedback, and responses from within the SSI were collected.ResultsThe SSI and all questionnaires were completed by 75 adolescents (ages: 13–17 years, 74.70% White/Caucasian, 48.00% woman/girl) who reported elevated body image and mood problems. Analyses detected significant pre–post improvements in hopelessness (dav = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.35–0.84; dz = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.51–1.02), functionality appreciation (dav = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.46–0.97; dz = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.67–1.21), and body dissatisfaction (dav = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.36–0.86; dz = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.50–1.02). The SSI was rated as highly acceptable, with a mean overall score of 4.34/5 (SD = 0.54). Qualitative feedback suggested adolescents' endorsement of body neutrality concepts, including functionality appreciation, as personally‐relevant, helpful targets for intervention.DiscussionThis evaluation supports the acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of the Project Body Neutrality SSI for adolescents with body image and mood concerns.Public SignificanceResults suggest the acceptability and utility of a digital, self‐guided, single‐session intervention—Project Body Neutrality—for adolescents experiencing co‐occurring depressive symptoms and body image disturbances. Given the intervention's low cost and inherent scalability, it may be positioned to provide support to youth with limited access to traditional care.
Adaptation of family‐based treatment within an inpatient medical stabilization program for children with eating disorders
Authors: Anderson Katelyn E. , Han Sohyun C. , Kavlich Sarah G. , Brown Shonda , Ho Jennifer , Everhart Samantha A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveEating disorders are serious psychiatric conditions predominantly affecting children, adolescents, and young adults. While family‐based treatment (FBT) is the gold standard outpatient treatment approach for adolescents with restrictive eating disorders, there is not a universally recognized best practice within higher levels of care. There is a particular dearth of literature detailing recommended psychological and behavioral interventions in the inpatient medical setting.MethodThe present article provides an account of how FBT principles have been incorporated in Children's Hospital of Orange County at Mission's inpatient medical stabilization program for children and adolescents with restrictive eating disorders. Practical examples illustrate how key FBT tenets are successfully translated into the inpatient multidisciplinary setting.ResultsThe use of FBT can encourage a unified approach among medical and psychosocial providers and serves to destigmatize patients with eating disorders and associated behaviors. The successes and challenges of FBT implementation are discussed.DiscussionThough anecdotal evidence and preliminary findings support positive outcomes from the implementation of FBT within a pediatric medical stabilization program for patients, families, and staff, research is needed to understand best practices within higher levels of care. Additional research efforts will also help elucidate whether adapted FBT can become a standard of care for patients with restrictive eating disorders in inpatient settings.Public SignificanceThis article describes how a children's hospital has adopted family‐based treatment (FBT) for youth who are hospitalized due to an eating disorder. FBT is the most efficacious treatment for youth with eating disorders. This article describes specific examples of how FBT can be implemented within a medical setting. This article will support a greater understanding of FBT principles and guide providers to translate FBT into higher level of care settings.
Predicting geographic distribution and habitat suitability of Opuntia streptacantha in paleoclimatic, current, and future scenarios in Mexico
Authors: Cruz‐Jiménez Israel , Delgado‐Sánchez Pablo , Guerrero‐González María de la Luz , Puente‐Martínez Raúl , Flores Joel , De‐Nova José Arturo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMexican territory is one of the centers of origin and dispersion of the genus Opuntia, where several of its species have been an important plant resource for people in arid and semiarid zones. Opuntia streptacantha is widely distributed in Mexico; however, precise aspects of its geographic distribution and ecological status are still unknown. Here, we modeled its potential distribution under paleoclimatic, current, and future conditions through maximum entropy and predictions from 824 records and seven environmental variables. Potential distribution of O. streptacantha in the interglacial period was contracted and slightly north than current distribution, with 44,773 km2 of optimal habitat. In other past periods, the central location of potential distribution coincides with the actual current distribution, but the period of the last glacial maximum was characterized by 201 km2 of very suitable habitat, absent in interglacial, current, and future periods. The future model suggests that potential distribution will move toward the south of the Mexican territory. Synthesis and applications. The potential distribution of O. streptacantha can be applied for the conservation and management of the species, and also in the selection of areas with crassicaule scrubs for protection, conservation, and reproduction of species resistant to the hostile conditions of arid and semiarid zones of Mexican territory, where the structure and composition of the vegetation will be affected in the next 100 years.
Application of a deep learning image classifier for identification of Amazonian fishes
Authors: Robillard Alexander J. , Trizna Michael G. , Ruiz‐Tafur Morgan , Dávila Panduro Edgard Leonardo , de Santana C. David , White Alexander E. , Dikow Rebecca B. , Deichmann Jessica L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGiven the sharp increase in agricultural and infrastructure development and the paucity of widespread data available to support conservation management decisions, a more rapid and accurate tool for identifying fish fauna in the world's largest freshwater ecosystem, the Amazon, is needed. Current strategies for identification of freshwater fishes require high levels of training and taxonomic expertise for morphological identification or genetic testing for species recognition at a molecular level. To overcome these challenges, we built an image masking model (U‐Net) and a convolutional neural net (CNN) to classify Amazonian fish in photographs. Fish used to generate training data were collected and photographed in tributaries in seasonally flooded forests of the upper Morona River valley in Loreto, Peru in 2018 and 2019. Species identifications in the training images (n = 3068) were verified by expert ichthyologists. These images were supplemented with photographs taken of additional Amazonian fish specimens housed in the ichthyological collection of the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History. We generated a CNN model that identified 33 genera of fishes with a mean accuracy of 97.9%. Wider availability of accurate freshwater fish image recognition tools, such as the one described here, will enable fishermen, local communities, and citizen scientists to more effectively participate in collecting and sharing data from their territories to inform policy and management decisions that impact them directly.