bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nasal Microbiome in COVID-19: A Potential Role of Corynebacterium in Anosmia
Authors: Nardelli Carmela , Scaglione Giovanni Luca , Testa Domenico , Setaro Mario , Russo Filippo , Di Domenico Carmela , Atripaldi Lidia , Zollo Massimo , Corrado Federica , Salvatore Paola , Pinchera Biagio , Gentile Ivan , Capoluongo Ettore 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe evolution and the development of the symptoms of Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) are due to different factors, where the microbiome plays a relevant role. The possible relationships between the gut, lung, nasopharyngeal, and oral microbiome with COVID-19 have been investigated. We analyzed the nasal microbiome of both positive and negative SARS-CoV-2 individuals, showing differences in terms of bacterial composition in this niche of respiratory tract. The microbiota solution A (Arrow Diagnostics) was used to cover the hypervariable V1–V3 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. MicrobAT Suite and MicrobiomeAnalyst program were used to identify the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and to perform the statistical analysis, respectively. The main taxa identified in nasal microbiome of COVID-19 patients and in Healthy Control subjects belonged to three distinct phyla: Proteobacteria (HC = 14%, Cov19 = 35.8%), Firmicutes (HC = 28.8%, Cov19 = 30.6%), and Actinobacteria (HC = 56.7%, Cov19 = 14.4%) with a relative abundance > 1% in all groups. A significant reduction of Actinobacteria in Cov19 group compared to controls (P < 0.001, FDR = 0.01) was found. The significant reduction of Actinobacteria was identified in all taxonomic levels down to the genus (P < 0.01) using the ANOVA test. Indeed, a significantly reduced relative abundance of Corynebacterium was found in the patients compared to healthy controls (P = 0.001). Reduced abundance of Corynebacterium has been widely associated with anosmia, a common symptom of COVID-19 as suffered from our patients. Contrastingly, the Corynebacterium genus was highly represented in the nasal mucosa of healthy subjects. Further investigations on larger cohorts are necessary to establish functional relationships between nasal microbiota content and clinical features of COVID-19.
New directions for applied knowledge-based AI and machine learning
Authors: Humm Bernhard G. , Archer Phil , Bense Hermann , Bernier Carolynn , Goetz Christian , Hoppe Thomas , Schumann Fabienne , Siegel Melanie , Wenning Rigo , Zender Alexander 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article, selected new directions in knowledge-based artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are presented: ontology development methodologies and tools, automated engineering of WordNets, innovations in semantic search, and automated machine learning (AutoML). Knowledge-based AI and ML complement each other ideally, as their strengths compensate for the weaknesses of the other discipline. This is demonstrated via selected corporate use cases: anomaly detection, efficient modeling of supply networks, circular economy, and semantic enrichment of technical information.
Electrostatic Partners and Zeros of Orthogonal and Multiple Orthogonal Polynomials
Authors: Martínez-Finkelshtein Andrei , Orive Ramón , Sánchez-Lara Joaquín 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor a given polynomial P with simple zeros, and a given semiclassical weight w, we present a construction that yields a linear second-order differential equation (ODE), and in consequence, an electrostatic model for zeros of P. The coefficients of this ODE are written in terms of a dual polynomial that we call the electrostatic partner of P. This construction is absolutely general and can be carried out for any polynomial with simple zeros and any semiclassical weight on the complex plane. An additional assumption of quasi-orthogonality of P with respect to w allows us to give more precise bounds on the degree of the electrostatic partner. In the case of orthogonal and quasi-orthogonal polynomials, we recover some of the known results and generalize others. Additionally, for the Hermite–Padé or multiple orthogonal polynomials of type II, this approach yields a system of linear second-order differential equations, from which we derive an electrostatic interpretation of their zeros in terms of a vector equilibrium. More detailed results are obtained in the special cases of Angelesco, Nikishin, and generalized Nikishin systems. We also discuss the discrete-to-continuous transition of these models in the asymptotic regime, as the number of zeros tends to infinity, into the known vector equilibrium problems. Finally, we discuss how the system of obtained second-order ODEs yields a third-order differential equation for these polynomials, well described in the literature. We finish the paper by presenting several illustrative examples.
Symbiotisches Wirtschaften als Ansatz zur Weiterentwicklung von Bestandsgewerbegebieten
Authors: Angstmann Marius , Wolf Roman , Wolf Veronika , Wolf Thiemo 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Weiterentwicklung von Bestandsgewerbegebieten spielte in den letzten Jahrzehnten eine untergeordnete Rolle in Planung und Wirtschaftsförderung. Vor dem Hintergrund der Transformation hin zu einem ressourcenschonenderen Wirtschaftssystem gilt es, diesen Räumen neue Aufmerksamkeit zu schenken und neue Ansätze zu erproben. Das Konzept der industriellen Symbiose zielt auf das Herstellen von Energie- und Stoffströmen, in Form einer komplementären Nutzung von Nebenprodukten durch benachbarte Industrien, ab. Kooperationen benachbarter Unternehmen, die auf eine betriebsübergreifende Erhöhung von Energie- und Ressourceneffizienz abzielen, existieren auch in Deutschland. Während diese nicht unbedingt Netzwerke umfassen, zeigen die existierenden Querverbindungen zwischen Unternehmen dennoch Möglichkeiten auf, durch die Vernetzung von Akteuren in Industrie- und Gewerbegebiete neue Potenziale zu erschließen. Der Artikel untersucht, inwiefern das Konzept der Symbiose zur Implementation in heterogenen Bestandsgewerbegebieten geeignet ist. Hierzu wurden leitfadengestützte Interviews mit Akteuren aus Wirtschaftsförderung, Gebietsmanagement und Planung geführt.
Are respiratory disorders risk factors for troublesome neck/shoulder pain? A study of a general population cohort in Sweden
Authors: Rasmussen-Barr E. , Nordin M. , Skillgate E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The etiology of neck/shoulder pain is complex. Our purpose was to investigate if respiratory disorders are risk factors for troublesome neck/shoulder pain in people with no or occasional neck/shoulder pain.

Methods
This prospective cohort study was based on the Stockholm Public Health Cohorts (SPHC) 2006/2010 and the SPHC 2010/2014. We included adults who at baseline reported no or occasional neck/shoulder pain in the last six months, from the two subsamples (SPHC 06/10 n = 15 155: and SPHC 2010/14 n = 25 273). Exposures were self-reported asthma at baseline in SPHC 06/10 and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) at baseline in SPHC 10/14. The outcome was having experienced at least one period of troublesome neck/shoulder pain which restricted work capacity or hindered daily activities to some or to a high degree during the past six months, asked for four years later. Binomial regression analyses were used to calculate risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Results
Adjusted results indicate that those reporting to suffer from asthma at baseline had a higher risk of troublesome neck/shoulder pain at follow-up four years later (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.10–2.01) as did those reporting to suffer from COPD (RR 2.12 95%CI 1.54–2.93).

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that those with no or occasional neck/shoulder pain and reporting to suffer from asthma or COPD increase the risk for troublesome neck/shoulder pain over time. This highlights the importance of taking a multi-morbidity perspective into consideration in health care. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Paper-based laser-induced graphene for sustainable and flexible microsupercapacitor applications
Authors: Coelho João , Correia Ricardo F. , Silvestre Sara , Pinheiro Tomás , Marques Ana C. , Correia M. Rosário P. , Pinto Joana Vaz , Fortunato Elvira , Martins Rodrigo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is as a promising material for flexible microsupercapacitors (MSCs) due to its simple and cost-effective processing. However, LIG-MSC research and production has been centered on non-sustainable polymeric substrates, such as polyimide. In this work, it is presented a cost-effective, reproducible, and robust approach for the preparation of LIG structures via a one-step laser direct writing on chromatography paper. The developed strategy relies on soaking the paper in a 0.1 M sodium tetraborate solution (borax) prior to the laser processing. Borax acts as a fire-retardant agent, thus allowing the laser processing of sensitive substrates that other way would be easily destroyed under the high-energy beam. LIG on paper exhibiting low sheet resistance (30 Ω sq−1) and improved electrode/electrolyte interface was obtained by the proposed method. When used as microsupercapacitor electrodes, this laser-induced graphene resulted in specific capacitances of 4.6 mF cm−2 (0.015 mA cm−2). Furthermore, the devices exhibit excellent cycling stability (> 10,000 cycles at 0.5 mA cm−2) and good mechanical properties. By connecting the devices in series and parallel, it was also possible to control the voltage and energy delivered by the system. Thus, paper-based LIG-MSC can be used as energy storage devices for flexible, low-cost, and portable electronics. Additionally, due to their flexible design and architecture, they can be easily adapted to other circuits and applications with different power requirements.
Graphical Abstract
Mechanical and Structural Artefacts Used in “The Mystery of Elche”
Authors: Navarro-Arcas A. , Lozano S. M. Marco , Velasco-Sánchez Emilio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the city of Elche, every year, on the 14th and 15th of August, a sacred musical play about the death, the Assumption and the Coronation of the Virgin Mary is held. This event, known as the “Misterio de Elche”, is unique in the world. Since the middle of the 15th century it has been performed in the Basilica of Santa Maria and in the streets of the ancient city of Elche, located in the Valencian Community. In this work, classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the interior of the temple is transformed into 2 main stages, the scaffold, located in the lower part, and the aerial stage, located in the dome at a height of 27 m. The structure and the traction mechanisms located on the aerial stage allow the aerial devices that take part in the play, “El Araceli”, “La Mangrana” and “La Santísima Trinidad”, to be raised and lowered. It should be noted that between 2 and 5 singing actors are embarked on these devices. This article describes the main characteristics of the aerial stage structure, the 3 apparatus and the mechanical systems used. In addition, the age and modifications of “El Araceli” are analysed, as well as the results of a non-destructive test carried out on this device.
Linoleic Acid Promotes Emission of Bark Beetle Semiochemicals by Fungal Symbionts
Authors: Unelius C. Rikard , Ganji Suresh , Krokene Paal 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTree-killing bark beetles in conifer forests vector symbiotic fungi that are thought to help the beetles kill trees. Fungal symbionts emit diverse volatile blends that include bark beetle semiochemicals involved in mating and host localization. In this study, all 12 tested fungal isolates emitted beetle semiochemicals when growing in medium amended with linoleic acid. These semiochemicals included the spiroacetals chalcogran, trans-conophthorin and exo-brevicomin, as well as 2-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, the main aggregation pheromone component of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus. The emission of these compounds was affected by the type of fatty acid present (linoleic vs. oleic acid). Accumulating evidence shows that the fatty acid composition in conifer bark can facilitate colonization by bark beetles and symbiotic fungi, whereas the fatty acid composition of non-host trees can be detrimental for beetle larvae or fungi. We hypothesize that beetles probe the fatty acid composition of potential host trees to test their suitability for beetle development and release of semiochemicals by symbiotic fungi.
Candida auris Infection in a Meningococcal Septicemia Survivor, Poland
Authors: Prażyńska Małgorzata , Zalas-Więcek Patrycja , Bogiel Tomasz , Włodarczyk Zbigniew , Deptuła Aleksander , Woźniak Marcin , Gospodarek-Komkowska Eugenia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Candida auris is an emerging pathogen that constitutes a serious global health threat. It is difficult to identify without specific approaches, and it can be misidentified with standard laboratory methods, what may lead to inappropriate management.

Case Presentation
We report, probably the first in Poland, C. auris isolation from blood cultures and wound swabs of a young male following meningococcal septicaemia, in February 2019. The patient had been previously hospitalized in the United Arab Emirates. The isolate was rapidly identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and therefore clinicians were promptly informed on the alert pathogen isolation. The targeted antifungal treatment was successful and infection control measures seemed effective. ITS-based identification and subsequent whole genome sequencing showed that the C. auris isolate belongs to South Asian lineage (clade I).

Conclusions
C. auris is able to cause outbreaks in healthcare settings. Therefore, it is important to quickly identify C. auris isolates in hospital settings so that healthcare facilities can take proper precautions to limit its spread.
Effect of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on air pollution at a local scale in urban areas affected by high-intensity vehicle traffic in Poland
Authors: Górka-Kostrubiec Beata , Dudzisz Katarzyna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe lockdown in 2020 implemented due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in a significant improvement in air quality at a global scale. Nationwide lockdown also considerably improved air quality at a local scale, especially in cities which were almost completely shut down during the first coronavirus wave, with nearly no activity. We tested the hypothesis that a reduction in the intensity of vehicle traffic causes a drastic decrease in urban air pollution at a local scale. We focused on two urban agglomerations, Warsaw and Cracow, in Poland. Data of the concentrations of traffic-related sources, namely NOx, PM10, and PM2.5, obtained from two air pollution monitoring stations were analyzed for the years 2020 and 2021, during which lockdown and pandemic restrictions were in effect, and for 2019, as a reference. In the years 2020–2021, the average annual concentration of NOx was decreased by ~ 19%, PM2.5 by ~ 19%, and PM10 by ~ 18% in Warsaw, while in Cracow the average annual concentration of NOx was decreased by ~ 16%, PM2.5 by ~ 22%, and PM10 by ~ 2%, compared to 2019. The contribution from traffic-related sources to the overall level of air pollution was estimated. The results indicated that ~ 30 µg/m3 of PM10, ~ 15 µg/m3 of PM2.5, and ~ 120 µg/m3 of NOx in Cracow, and ~ 20 µg/m3 of PM2.5 in Warsaw originate from moving vehicles. The nationwide lockdown allowed us to conduct this study to understand how a reduction in local traffic emissions can decrease ambient air pollution levels.
The spatiotemporal variations characteristic and pollution evaluation of water quality in Qujiang River, China
Authors: Yang Yan , Huang Xing , Wu Xi-qiao , Liu Chao-rong , Zhao Shi-yong , Zhu Xiao-hua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn order to study the spatiotemporal variations characteristic of water quality and potential pollution sources of Qujiang River, the water quality data of twelve water quality parameters at three monitoring sections (Tuanbaoling, Baita, and Sailong) from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed by using comprehensive pollution index (CPI) and multivariate statistical techniques (MST). The water quality parameters of Qujiang River basically meet the class 3 value of environmental quality standards for surface water (GB3838-2002, China). CPI varies from 0.62 to 1.06 and the water quality is characterized by slight pollution at the three monitoring sections. Cluster analysis (CA) results show that the months can be divided into three groups on the basis of similarities of the water quality characteristics: Group 1 (dry season), which includes January-April and November–December; Group 2 (flood season), that is, July; Group 3 (flat season), which consists of May–June and August–October. Principal component analysis (PCA) results identify four principal components (PCs) for the dry season and flood season, and five PCs for the flat season, thus explaining 58.23%, 82.94%, and 73.23% of the total variance, respectively. The results of the independent sample t-test show significant differences among the pH, Permanganate index (CODMn), Ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N), Total nitrogen (TN), Fecal coliform (F.coli), and (Flow) Q in the three monitoring sections. Moreover, the pollution is more serious in Baita than Tuanbaoling and Sailong Section and the main problem in the Qujiang River is the high water organic and nitrogen nutrient pollutant content. Hence, monitoring and protection need to be strengthened in the Baita section of Qujiang River.
Elevation-distributed multistage reverse osmosis desalination with seawater pumped storage
Authors: Elsayed-Ali Hani E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA seawater reverse osmosis (RO) plant layout based on multistage RO with stages located at different elevations above sea level is described. The plant uses the weight of a seawater column from pumped storage as head pressure for RO (gravity-driven multistage RO) or to supplement high-pressure pumps used in RO (gravity-assisted multistage RO). The use of gravitational force reduces the specific energy for RO compared to using high-pressure pumps. By locating the RO stages at different elevations based on demand sites, the total specific energy consumption for RO and permeate transport to different elevations above sea level is reduced from that for locating the RO process entirely at sea level followed by lifting the desalinated water. A final RO stage at sea level uses seawater pressurized by energy recovery from the residual energy of the brine generated from the preceding RO stage. Examples of the plant layout that do not include pump inefficiency and head losses in pipes are described for South Sinai, Egypt, which is a mountainous region that suffers from water scarcity. A gravity-driven multistage RO with a storage tank at 660 m above sea level is considered. For five RO stages located 316–57 m above sea level with 10% recovery at each stage, the specific energy is ~ 32% lower than that for a plant located at sea level operating at the minimum specific energy followed by lifting the same quantity of desalinated water to the elevations of the distributed RO stages. For two stages located at 222 and 57 m above sea level with 30 and 20% recovery, respectively, the reduction in specific energy is ~ 27%. For gravity-assisted five-stage RO with the first stage at 260 m above sea level, while the last stage is at sea level with 10% recovery at each stage the reduction in specific energy is ~ 32%. The proposed RO plant layouts can be adapted to other regions with comparable topography.
Applying the enhanced Water Poverty Index (eWPI) to analyze water scarcity and income poverty relation in Beheshtabad Basin, Iran
Authors: Zare-Bidaki Rafat , Pouyandeh Meysam , Zamani-Ahmadmahmoodi Rasool 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe close relationship between water and poverty has been proven in several types of research. The Water Poverty Index is an interdisciplinary approach for quantifying the socioeconomic aspects of water scarcity. The enhanced Water Poverty Index (eWPI) is aggregated in five components: Resources, Access, Capacity, Use, and Environment in a Pressure-State-Response framework. In this research, eWPI is computed on two scales: for four community centers and for the Beheshtabad Basin. Because this index is weightless, and undoubtedly the importance of each parameter is different, the preference of different variables is included in the calculation. The importance of the parameters is based on the opinion of experts, and for this reason, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Analytical Network Process (ANP) are used for weighting eWPI components in Beheshtabad Basin. According to the results, Use (U) and Capacity (C) have the lowest score among the main criteria. The average value of weightless eWPI for the watershed is 0.605 and Kiar and Farsan counties have gained less than this average. The results show the priority of the main criteria is as follows: R, A, U, E, and C, for AHP and R, E, C, A, and U for ANP. The weights obtained through ANP are more homogeneous and there is less difference between the main criteria, while in AHP, the Resources criterion (R) has gained relatively large weight compared to the other factors. The score of eWPI for AHP-weighted and ANP-weighted indices are 0.5944 and 0.626, respectively.
An overview of agro-food industry wastewater treatment: a bibliometric analysis and literature review
Authors: Abdulla Hesham , Zamorano Montserrat , Rodríguez Miguel L. , El Shahawy Abeer , Hosny Sally , Martín-Pascual Jaime , El-Shatoury Sahar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAgro-food (AF) industry provides great investment opportunities in its treated water and solid wastes, by conversion into value-added products. Our study accumulated extensive bibliometric data on this field from the Scopus database, between 1974 and 2021, and conducted a scientometric analysis using Science Mapping Analysis Software Tool (SciMAT) and VOSviewer for analyzing the retrieved data. The leading journals, highly used keywords in the published articles, authors and papers with the highest citations, and relevant regions were all identified in the scientometric analysis. Goal 6 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) pledge to “ensure the availability and sustainable access to water and sanitation for all.” To fulfill this demand, decentralized technologies are being developed. The scientometric analysis found significant flaws in previous studies on the adoption and use of decentralized treated AF wastewater, as well as its potential benefits for a sustainable future, particularly in the developing countries. Coagulation/electrocoagulation/ultrasonic processes, hybrid constructed wetlands and microbial inoculation are emerging efforts to achieve SDG6, particularly, in the emerging economy nations. Our scientometric findings can help academics collaborate on research, form joint ventures, and implement sophisticated technologies for treating AF wastewater and producing beneficial byproducts.