bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient iPSC-derived neurons reveal mechanisms underlying antidepressant response: a potential diagnostic tool
Authors: Shohat Koren S. , Kroitorou D. , Albeldas C. , Kugel A. , Askari N. , Cohen Solal T. , Laifenfeld D. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDepression is a leading cause of disability worldwide despite dozens of approved antidepressants. There are currently no clear guidelines to assist the physician in their choice of drug, with existing tools limited to pharmacogenetics that have shown suboptimal response prediction outcomes resulting in a subscription process that is largely a trial and error one. Consequently, the majority of depressed patients do not respond to their first prescribed antidepressant, with >30% not responding to subsequent drugs. We report here on molecular readouts from an in vitro-based platform that provides patient-specific information on antidepressant mechanisms using cortical neurons derived individually from each patient.ObjectivesTo assess gene expression differences in prefrontal cortex neurons derived from responders and non-responders to two commonly used antidepressants, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Citalopram and the atypical antidepressant Bupropion.MethodsPatient-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STARD) study with known response to Citalopram or Bupropion were reprogrammed and then differentiated to cortical neurons. Differential gene expression analysis was preformed to identify genes that are differentially expressed between drug responders and non-responders.ResultsSignificant differential expression was shown in 359 genes between Bupropion responders and non-responders (Fig1A) and 12 genes between Citalopram responders and non-responders (Fig1B). Clustering on the differentially expressed genes showed high agreement with the known response to both drugs (Fig1). Functional enrichment analysis revealed biologically relevant pathways that differ between responders and non-responders in Bupropion versus Citalopram.Image:Figure 1.Heatmap of the expression of genes that show significant differential expression between neurons derived from Bupropion (A) and Citalopram (B) responders and non-responders. Color is the scaled gene expression; lines are genes and columns are samples. Column side colors represent the known response of the patient. Colum and line dendrograms are unsupervised hierarchical clustering.ConclusionsGene expression patterns of neurons derived from patients with depression differ according to their response to two common antidepressants from different groups. The identification of distinct drug response dependent expression patterns in derived neurons can help elucidate mechanisms underlying antidepressant activity, supporting new drug development and response prediction.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Screening and early therapeutic intervention of bonding disorders at first six months of life: An alternative to prevent disorganised attachment and severe mental disorder
Authors: Hernández-Santillán G. , Alcamí-Pertejo M. , Palacios-Hernández B. , Lahera-Forteza G. , Fernández-Sánchez A. , Bravo-Ortiz M. F. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDisorganized attachment has been described as an important risk factor for developing serious mental disorders in childhood, adolescence and adulthood, such as borderline personality disorder, psychoses, afective disorders, and a higher suicide risk, for instance. Bonding disorders (BD) in parents are related to insecure and disorganized attachment in children. BD can be early diagnosed at 4 to 6 weeks after birth.ObjectivesDetermine if there is a significant difference between the results of the prevalence of affective disorders, disorganized attachment, and suicidal risk five years after the birth of the offspring of parents with and without attachment disorders detected in the first year postpartum during the covid-19 pandemic.MethodsDescribe a pilot project of an analytical prospective study following a cohort of parents from the cohort SAMPECO/PEMHSCO
(Perinatal Mental Health in Spain during the Covid-19 pandemic). The cohort is planned to be divided into two groups: with bonding disorders an without bonding disorders, which was established using the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (Brockington, 2006). Follow the offspring of both groups for 5 years and compare the results of disorganized attachment, affective disorders and suicide risk.ResultsThe cohort SAMPECO/PEMHSCO was recruited between March 2021 and June 2022. There was measured postpartum depression in mothers and fathers using the EPDS and bonding disorders in parents using the PBQ validated to the Spaniard population. More than 1500 families were involved at the beginning and around 450 families finished the follow-up six months after birth. Around 500 families were lost because of non-right contact information.ConclusionsThe covid-19 pandemic has seriously affected the mental health of the general population. Consequently, there is a higher demand for mental health assistance by public and private sanity sectors. Currently, the youth population is suffering very much from the consequences of isolation and other social factors, and many families who had babies in this period haven’t had enough support to breed and look after both their babies and themselves. Some papers suggest that the prevalence of perinatal mental disorders in parents has increased since the covid-19 pandemic because of several factors. Paradoxically, despite the high preventive potential of early intervention in the perinatal period, there are not yet exist well-equipped perinatal mental health units to solve this problem. It is urgent to boost the development of Perinatal Mental Health Services to prevent a major worsening of the situation and to prevent the increasing rate of severe mental disorders in children, adolescents and adults.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The role of dysregulated ghrelin/LEAP-2 balance in eating disorder: a translational study in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Tezenas du Montcel C. , Duriez P. , Cao J. , Ramoz N. , Viltart O. , Gorwood P. , Tolle V. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a persistant decrease in food intake leading to dramatic weight loss and energy deficit. The ghrelin system is a key regulator of appetite and food intake across species. LEAP-2, a recently discovered ghrelin antagonist, appears to be up-regulated in obesity and opposes to the orexigenic drive of ghrelin. The evolution of LEAP-2 levels could be an interesting insight to reflect the regulation of appetite in eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa (AN).ObjectivesWe tested this hypothesis and here provide the first study exploring the ghrelin and LEAP-2 regulation in long-term food restriction followed by refeeding in both mice and patients suffering from AN.MethodsUsing a translational strategy, we compared the regulation of ghrelin and LEAP-2 concentrations in blood during food restriction and after refeeding i/ in female mice exposed to a 14 days protocol combining quantitative food restriction and running wheel activity followed by 10 days of progressive refeeding; ii/ in an ongoing longitudinal study of patients with AN evaluated before and after refeeding (n=30) as well as 6 months after hospital discharge to evaluate if the weight gain was stable (n=7) or unstable (n=10). Plasma concentrations of ghrelin and LEAP-2 were measured with selective immunoassays.ResultsLong-term food restriction in mice was associated with increased ghrelin (p<0.001) and decreased LEAP-2 concentrations (p=0.006) compared to ad libitum fed controls. Refeeding led to a decrease in ghrelin (p<0.01) and increase in LEAP-2 concentrations (p<0.01). Patients with AN displayed increased ghrelin levels (p<0.01) but also higher LEAP-2 concentrations on admission than after refeeding (p=0.04). LEAP-2 decreased with refeeding. On 17 patients re-evaluated 6 months after discharge, patients with unstable weight gain exhibited a greater decrease of LEAP-2 concentrations during refeeding compared to patient with stable weight gain (p=0.02). Decreasing LEAP-2 concentrations was able to predict a negative outcome (i.e. unstable weight gain) in 80% of the cases.ConclusionsWe provide evidence that the ghrelin/LEAP-2 system is not regulated according to the nutritional status in AN as it is in the case of a physiological adaptation to food restriction. Results from an ongoing longitudinal study exploring remission in AN suggest that the evolution of LEAP-2 concentrations during refeeding is opposed to data from preclinical model and could give new insights on the outcome of weight gain in AN.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
1H-MRS of the anterior cingulate cortex in obsessive-compulsive disorder: metabolic abnormalities in pgACC - controlled study
Authors: Nosková E. , Fajnerová I. , Pajuelo D. , Stopková P. , Horáček J. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is connected with increased activity in cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) loop. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a part of this loop and plays a role in error detection and monitoring and processing of conflicting information, core OCD clinical signs. This area also contains a high density of Von Economo neurons. Biochemistry in this area is closely connected with the pathophysiology of OCD.ObjectivesDecreased concentrations of total N-acetylaspartate (tNAA) have been reported in ACC in patients with OCD compared to healthy controls (HC), with increase after successful treatment. Findings by other metabolites: choline-containing compounds (tCho), total creatine (tCr) and myo-inositol are not consistent. Differences in levels of tNAA, tCho, tCr would correlate with the severity of symptoms measured by Y-BOCS. In the comparison in the subgroup of patients with/ without medication, there will be differences in levels of metabolites.Methods54 patients diagnosed with OCD according to ICD-10 and DSM-IV criteria, and 54 HC matched for age and sex were included in the study. They underwent MRI and MR Spectroscopy on a 3T Magnetom Prisma scanner (Siemens, Germany) equipped with a 64-channel volume head coil (Fig. 2). After spectral quality control, 28 OCD and 28 HC subjects were included in the statistical analysis. OCD subjects were interviewed using the Y-BOCS to evaluate the severity of the symptoms. Patients enrolled in the study were without medication at least 5 days before MRI or on a stable dosage of SSRI antidepressants. To assess the intergroup differences Wilcoxon Rank Sum test or Kruskal-Wallis test was used as appropriate. The correlation between metabolite levels and clinical characteristics was assessed by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The statistics were calculated using R, version 4.1.1.ResultsWe found no differences in levels of tNAA in ACC in OCD vs. HC (p=0,21; see Tab.1, Fig.1). We found significantly increased level of tCho, tCr and Ins in OCD vs. HC (p=0,03; p=0,004 resp.; p=0,017 resp.). tCr levels corelated negatively with YBOCS compulsions subscale (p=0,046; cor=-0,38). tCho levels showed a trend to negative correlation with Y-BOCS compulsions subscale (p=0,067; cor=-0,35). Analysis on the subgroup with (13 subjects, 46,43 %) and without (13 subjects, 46,43 %) stable SSRI medication did not reveal significant differences.Image:Image 2:ConclusionsOur study found difference in ACC by OCD patients compared to HC, mainly increased tCho, tCr and Ins. Also, the study shows a significant correlation between the severity of compulsions and tCr levels. We can see this trend also in the correlation of the tCho and Y-BOCS compulsions subscale. Similar tNAA level by OCD and HC groups could indicates correctly adjusted medication or stable state by enrolled patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
PROPSY: a new strategy to implement precision psychiatry in France
Authors: Llorca P. M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver a 5-year program-project, focusing on 4 of the most disabling disorders (i.e. Bipolar Disorder, Major Depressive Disorders, Schizophrenia, and Autism Spectrum Disorders), PROPSY’s ambition is to bring solutions for precision medicine in psychiatry. This ambition requires overcoming multiple challenges: (i) to discover prognostic and stratification biomarkers, (ii) to better understand underlying causes and mechanisms, (iii) to develop targeted therapeutic strategies (iii) to reduce stigma and false representation, (iv) to reduce the direct and indirect economic costs. To tackle these challenges, PROPSY is an inclusive program project composed of 5 operational work packages. PROPSY will also implement this knowledge into clinical practice, in a truly learning healthcare system, and increase awareness with Patients’ Associations to reach out to civil society. This research effort in precision psychiatry aims to strengthen the coordination of the French workforce along with international collaborations in connection with users and policymakersDisclosure of InterestNone Declared
Effects of cognitive rehabilitation interventions on non-central nervous system cancer survivors: A meta-analysis
Authors: Oliveira A. F. , Reis J. D. , Santos I. M. , Torres A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCancer treatments can have a detrimental impact on cancer survivors’ cognitive function. Cognitive rehabilitation is considered the first-line intervention to address cognitive difficulties of cancer survivors. Nevertheless, its efficacy remains unclear.ObjectivesThis meta-analysis aimed to understand the effects of cognitive rehabilitation in non-central system (non-CNS) cancer survivors, through the assessment of the overall efficacy on subjective cognitive outcomes.MethodsThis meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement. An electronic search on the databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted in May 2021, considering the past 15 years, by two independent authors. Studies were eligible if they included cancer survivors (excluding CNS cancers) who were exposed to cognitive rehabilitation interventions, in which the subjective cognitive effects were measured through self-report questionnaires. The quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials. The effect size was the standardized mean difference in the cognitive assessment, between baseline and post-intervention. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I2 Statistic. Publication bias was evaluated with Egger’s test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The meta-analysis was performed using R software.ResultsAmong 14 studies, with 1115 cancer survivors, one study included a pediatric population, other young adult survivors, and the remaining adult population. The most used scale for measuring cognitive changes was the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog) and, as recommended, the Perceived Cognitive Impairments (PCI) subscale was used as the primary measure of subjective cognitive function. Results indicated beneficial effects following cognitive rehabilitation, with an overall standard mean difference between pre- and post-treatment of 3.4447, with CI95% [1.5543; 5.3350], p-value<0.0004. The subgroup analysis between the measures of cognitive outcomes showed that the heterogeneity is Group=Other 0.00% (I2) and for the Group=FACT-Cog PCI is 86% (I2). Analyzing the FACT-Cog PCI, the CI95% [-2.93; 6.43] includes 0, meaning that the overall effect in this subgroup is non-significant. The meta-analysis does not demonstrate publication bias (p-value of the Egger test=0.3220).ConclusionsImprovement of cognitive function in non-CNS survivors throughout cognitive rehabilitation appears to be effective. The findings of this meta-analysis can help inform clinical practice and assist practitioners in recommending and developing interventions of cognitive rehabilitation and deciding how to evaluate them. Further research is required to strengthen this evidence.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Profile of patients undergoing treatment with long-acting injectable antipsychotic drugs in a psychiatry hospital in Portugal
Authors: Correia J. R. P. , Moreira R. A. , Maldonado E. , Gomes H. J. , Gomes J. R. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe treatment with long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIAs) is more and more frequent and it shows advantages regarding adherence, effectiveness and tolerance.ObjectivesTo describe and compare the profile of patients under treatment with LAIAs in a psychiatric hospital in Portugal.MethodsAn observational and retrospective study was carried out with the collection of data referring to patients hospitalized with a first psychotic episode between 01/01/2019 and 30/06/2022 in a psychiatric hospital in Portugal and the respective evaluation of sociodemographic and clinical data through the information recorded in the clinical files.ResultsDuring the 42 months of the study, we selected 78 patients who presented psychotic symptoms on admission. Patients with a history of previous psychotic episodes and prescription of antipsychotic therapy prior to hospitalization were excluded.Of 78 patients hospitalized with a first psychotic episode, 34 - which corresponds to approximately 44% - were discharged with LAIAs.Patients receiving LAIAs had an average age of 39 years. The average number of days of hospitalization was 28 days; 41% were female (n=14) and 59 were male (n=20); 35% (n=12) consumed psychoactive substances previously on admission to hospital; 62% (n=21) were discharged under the compulsive treatment regimen. Regarding the diagnosis at discharge, based on the international classification of disease-11 (ICD-11), the most common were schizophrenia, psychotic disorder induced by psychoactive substances and acute and transient psychotic disorder.From the statistical analysis carried out, no correlation was observed between the rate of readmissions and the administration of LAIAs, nor was there any correlation between the rate of readmissions and compulsive outpatient treatment.ConclusionsDespite what is described in the literature, in the sample under study, the LAIAs were not superior in the variables studied, namely in reducing the readmission rate. Possible explanations for the results obtained may be justified by the size of the sample under study and the follow-up time of the cases.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Is there a dose-response relationship between cannabis use and violence? A longitudinal study in individuals with severe mental disorders
Authors: Beaudoin M. , Dellazizzo L. , Giguere S. , Guay J.-P. , Giguere C.-E. , Potvin S. , Dumais A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionRecent longitudinal studies point towards the existence of a positive relationship between cannabis use and violence in people with severe mental disorders. However, the existence of a dose-response relationship between the frequency and/or the severity of cannabis use and violence has seldom been investigated.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine if a dose-response relationship between cannabis use and violence exists in a psychiatric population.MethodsThis observational study was conducted at the Institut universitaire de santé mentale de Montréal (Montréal, Canada). A total of 98 outpatients (81 males and 17 females, all over 18 years of age) with severe mental disorders were included in the analyses. Clinical evaluations were conducted every 3 months for a year. Substance use, violent behaviors, and potential covariables were assessed through self-reported assessments, urinary testing, as well as clinical, criminal, and police records. Using generalized estimating equations, the association between cannabis use frequency (non-users, occasional, regular, and frequent users, assessed using the Time-Line Follow-Back and confirmed with urinary testing) and violence was investigated, as well as the association between the severity of cannabis use (measured using the Cannabis Use Problems Identification Test – CUPIT) and violent behaviors.ResultsCannabis use frequency and severity were significant predictors of violent behaviors. After adjustment for time, age, sex, ethnicity, psychiatric diagnoses, impulsivity and use of alcohol and stimulants, odds ratios were of 1.91 (p <0.001) between each frequency profile, and 1.040 (p <0.001) for each increase of one point of the severity of cannabis use score (0 to 79).Image:ConclusionsThese findings have important implications for clinicians, demonstrating that cannabis use may have serious adverse consequences in a psychiatric population. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Use of tianeptine sulfate over-the-counter, literature review, and case report
Authors: Palma Conesa A. J. , Rico Rangel M. I. , González Milla I. , Aranzadi A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionTianeptine is prescribed as an antidepresant in Europe. The prescription drug is produced as tianeptine sodium. However, it can also be found on the Internet as tianeptine sulfate sold as a nootropric. Misuse of tianeptine sodium has been documented, but there’s little scientific evidence of tianeptine sulfate use.Objectives
Review the use of tianeptine sulfate without prescription.Present a clinical report of tianeptine sulfate use.MethodsPubMed review of tienptine use without prescription.Clinical report of a patient using tianeptine sulfate adquiered on the Internet.ResultsSystematic review on PubMed using the search term “tianeptine abuse” conducted on 01/10/2022. A total of 71 articles were found from wich 33 mentioned the use of tianeptine use without prescription. A total of 23 case reports of tianeptine use without prescription were found. None of them made the difference between tiaenptine sodium or tianeptine sulfate. Only one article mentioned the use of tianeptine sulfate from an Internet search on Internet fora (Smith et al. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2021 47(4), 455–466).
The case report of a 23 years old patient is presented. Diagnoses: ADHD (F98.8); Psychotic episodes four (F23) and two (F16.150) years ago; Major depressive disorder (F32.2). Use of psychedelics, cannabis, psychoestimulants and opioids meeting substance use disorder (SUD) criteria. The patient brought proof of the tianeptine sulfate bought on the Internet (image 1) for self-treatment of his depressive symptoms. Tianeptine sodium is prescribed. The patient then restarts opioid use with fear of a new opioid use disorder episode and an oxicodone prescription is maintained. The patient then interrupts the antipsychotic medication and suffers a psychotic relapse. After this psychotic episode a LAI treatment with paliperidone is started. Currently, the patient is recovered and maintains psychopathological stability and abstinence from other substances. Blod test result unaltered. Current treatment: lisdexamphetamine 70mg /day, tianeptina sodium 12.5mg/day; oxicodone 40mg/12h and paliperidone 150mg /28d.Image:ConclusionsTianeptine sulfate is believed to present some diferences versus tianeptine sodium: it is sold only through the Internet without prescrption, the daily dose is 25mg per day versus 12.5mg every 8 hours and it might be more potent and long lasting. Those differences were confirmed by the patient after the prescription of tianeptine sodium.Self-medication with psychoactive substances is one of the theories for substance use and might lead to a substance use disorder. This case shows how the prescription of a drug similar to the one used without presription might favour the therapeutical alliance and reduce the risk associated to the use of non-regulated substances.Further research is needed to better understand the use of tianeptine sulfate.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared