bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of COVID-19 and the psychological status of parents: a retrospective survey in Wuhan, Hubei
Authors: Wang Lei , Gan Honghui , Zhang Yutong , Xiong Change , Wang Guiping , Mei Can , Chen Linwanyue , Xu Yaqi , He Lu , Lv Lin , Pan Shuliu , Zhan Jianbo , Cheng Jing 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, many parents faced heightened stress, anxiety and depression due to the local and global COVID-19 mitigation measures and lockdowns.DesignThis is a cross-sectional study.SettingThis study used stratified whole-cluster sampling to randomly select three elementary schools within Ezhou City.ParticipantsAn online survey was administered to the parents of students in one or two classes in grades 1–6, respectively, of each school. Among them, males account for 30.4% and females account for 69.6%. The inclusion criteria included (1) the parent or legal guardian of a primary school student or a person directly responsible for the child’s education and (2) the ability to operate a computer or smartphone to complete the survey. Only one representative from each family was allowed to participate, and surveys with incomplete data were considered invalid and thus excluded.ResultsA total of 764 participants completed the online survey. Overall, 90.4% of the participants were concerned about their children’s mental health and learning during the pandemic. Additionally, 97.0% were aware of the typical symptoms of COVID-19. Only 48.0% of the participants felt the pandemic negatively impacted their lives. The average psychological status score among parents was 87.79±8.91, with 51.6% showing signs of high psychological distress. Significant differences in psychological status were linked to age, education, professional background, sleep status, personal views on the pandemic’s impact and concern for children’s learning (p<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that a negative perception of the pandemic’s impact on one’s life (OR 0.367, 95% CI: 0.272 to 0.493) was associated with psychological distress.ConclusionParents of school children in Ezhou City have a good knowledge base on COVID-19 infection and have a high awareness of the corresponding protective measures. However, priority attention and care should be given to individuals who have experienced mental distress in relation to the pandemic.
Individual and community level maternal factors for zero-dose children in Ethiopia using mini-EDHS 2019: a mixed effects model
Authors: Agimas Muluken Chanie , Alemayehu Meron Asmamaw , Tesfie Tigabu Kidie , Tilahun Werkneh Melkie , Asferie Worku Necho , Aweke Mekuriaw Nibret , Abebe Moges Tadesse , Yalew Anteneh Kassa 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionZero-dose children refer to a child who has not yet received any childhood vaccines. Globally, zero-dose children are the major public health problem. In sub-Saharan African countries, one among five children do not have access to vaccines. But the efforts to identify the factors contributing to the zero-dose children are not well addressed in Ethiopia.ObjectivesTo assess individual and community-level maternal factors of zero-dose children in Ethiopia using mini-Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2019.MethodsA secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study was used among a total of 3208 participants. STATA-14 was used for descriptive and multilevel binary logistic regression (mixed effects model) analysis. Model selection was conducted using Akaike information criteria. To identify significant factors for zero-dose children, a p value of <0.05 with 95% CI was used.ResultsThe prevalence of zero-dose children among children aged 12–35 months was 523 (16.3%, 95% CI 15% to 17.6%). Women with no antenatal care follow-up (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.55, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.35), uneducated women (AOR=1.47, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.95), women who gave birth at home (AOR=1.39, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.86), women who had poor wealth index (AOR=2.15, 95% CI 1.62 to 2.85) and women from low proportions of community media exposure (AOR=1.39, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.71) were the risk factors for zero-dose children in Ethiopia.ConclusionCompared with previous studies, the prevalence of zero-dose children was low in Ethiopia. Variables like urban residence, no education, home delivery, poor wealth index, no antenatal care(ANC) visit and women from low proportions of community media exposure were the risk factors for zero-dose children in Ethiopia. Therefore, expanding maternal health services and media access for women is highly recommended to reduce zero-dose children mortality.
Enhancing physical activity during pregnancy using a multi-theory model: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial in China
Authors: Jin Ying , Zhang Wei , Zhang Le , Zhang Xuesong , Shen Yu , Liu Ningning , Feng Suwen 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPhysical inactivity is a global concern and poses serious health risks. Physical inactivity is exacerbated and affects the health of both generations during the special period of pregnancy. Appropriate physical activity (PA) intervention programmes based on health behaviour change theory are lacking. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a PA intervention based on the multi-theory model (MTM) by assessing changes in PA levels, MTM constructs, exercise self-efficacy, quality of life, prenatal depressive symptoms, gestational weight gain and pregnancy and delivery outcomes.Methods and analysisThis single-centre, parallel, randomised, controlled trial will be conducted at a tertiary care institution in Hangzhou, China. A total of 72 pregnant women without contraindications to exercise at 14–27 weeks+6 days of gestation will be included. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group will engage in a 12 week PA intervention programme based on the MTM and delivered through WeChat, while the control group will receive standard antenatal care. Data will be collected at baseline, 6 weeks of the intervention, 12 weeks of the intervention and within 1 week of delivery. The primary outcomes will include PA levels measured by accelerometers and the PA in Pregnancy Questionnaire, along with the constructs of the MTM. Secondary outcomes will comprise exercise self-efficacy during pregnancy, quality of life, prenatal depressive symptoms, gestation weight gain and pregnancy and delivery outcomes. Data analysis will adhere to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials 2010 statement and follow the intention-to-treat principle.Ethics and disseminationThe study followed the ethical guidelines approved by the ethics committee of Women’s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University (IRB-20230254-R, Approval Date: 27 July 2023). The results of the study will be submitted for publication and dissemination in a peer-reviewed journal. Participants will receive clarification regarding the study objectives, procedures and will be asked to sign informed consent in written form before the start of the study.Trial registration numberChiCTR2400080843. Prospectively registered on 8 February 2024.
mHealth-based intervention by community workers to support family caregivers of persons with dementia living at home: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Bhardwaj Pankaj , Joshi Nitin Kumar , Gupta Manoj Kumar , Sharma Suresh K , Nebhinani Naresh , Sinha Abhik , Tyrrell Marie , Konradsen Hanne , Craftman Åsa G , Kabir Zarina Nahar 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundIndia is undergoing a significant demographic shift with a growing older population, leading to an anticipated increase in people with dementia. Family caregivers, who are predominantly informal, carry the burden of care within households, facing numerous challenges that impact their well-being. Despite the cultural emphasis on family support, there is a lack of targeted interventions for caregivers in India. The WHO emphasises the importance of caregiver support, and recent advancements in information and communication technology, particularly mobile health (mHealth), offer promising avenues to address this need. This study protocol outlines an Indo-Sweden collaborative effort, funded by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) Forte, to develop and assess the effectiveness of a mHealth application designed to improve caregiving skills, reduce caregiver burden and support family caregivers of persons with dementia.Methods and analysisThe study will be conducted through a community-based cluster randomised controlled trial in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, with Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) serving as the unit of randomisation. The methodology includes several key phases: a needs assessment to understand caregiver requirements, the development of the mHealth application, comprehensive training for ASHAs and a thorough evaluation of the intervention’s impact.The effectiveness of the intervention will be measured through quantitative assessments of stress reduction, depressive symptoms and quality of life improvements, alongside qualitative insights from stakeholders. Additionally, usability and cost analyses will be conducted to evaluate the practicality and economic feasibility of the intervention.The expected outcomes of this study include the creation of a scalable mHealth platform that facilitates remote support, bridges geographical gaps and enhances the well-being of caregivers in India’s evolving healthcare landscape.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the Institutional Ethical Committee of AIIMS Jodhpur (AIIMS/IEC/2022/4245).Trial registration numberClinical Trials Registry: CTRI/2022/12/048320.
Cohort profile: creation of the SAIL MELD-B e-cohort (SMC) and SAIL MELD-B children and young adult e-cohort (SMYC) to investigate the lived experience of the ‘burdensomeness’ of multimorbidity
Authors: Chiovoloni Roberta , Dylag Jakub J , Alwan Nisreen A , Berrington Ann , Boniface Michael , Fair Nic , Holland Emilia , Hoyle Rebecca , Shiranirad Mozhdeh , Stannard Sebastian , Zlatev Zlatko , Owen Rhiannon K , Fraser Simon , Akbari Ashley 
Published: January 2025

PurposeWe have established the SAIL MELD-B electronic cohort (e-cohort SMC) and the SAIL MELD-B children and Young adults e-cohort (SMYC) as a part of the Multidisciplinary Ecosystem to study Lifecourse Determinants and Prevention of Early-onset Burdensome Multimorbidity (MELD-B) project. Each cohort has been created to investigate and develop a deeper understanding of the lived experience of the ‘burdensomeness’ of multimorbidity by identifying new clusters of burdensomeness concepts, exploring early life risk factors of multimorbidity and modelling hypothetical prevention scenarios.ParticipantsThe SMC and SMYC are longitudinal e-cohorts created from routinely collected individual-level population-scale anonymised data sources available within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. They include individuals with available records from linked health and demographic data sources in SAIL at any time between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2022. The SMYC e-cohort is a subset of the SMC, including only individuals born on or after the cohort start date.Findings to dateThe SMC and SMYC cohorts include 5 180 602 (50.3% female and 49.7% male) and 896 155 (48.7% female and 51.3% male) individuals, respectively. Considering both primary and secondary care health data, the five most common long-term conditions for individuals in SMC are ‘Depression’, affecting 21.6% of the cohort, ‘Anxiety’ (21.1%), ‘Asthma’ (17.5%), ‘Hypertension’ (16.2%) and ‘Atopic Eczema’ (14.1%) and the five most common conditions for individuals in SMYC are ‘Atopic Eczema’ (21.2%), ‘Asthma’ (11.6%), ‘Anxiety’ (6.0%), ‘Deafness’ (4.6%) and ‘Depression’ (4.3%).Future plansThe SMC and SMYC e-cohorts have been developed using a reproducible, maintainable concept curation pipeline, which allows for the cohorts to be updated dynamically over time and manages for the request and processing of further approved long-term conditions and burdensomeness concepts extraction. Best practices from the MELD-B project can be utilised across other projects, accessing similar data with population-scale data sources and trusted research environments.
Patient-centred care and quality of life and hope among Japanese patients receiving home medical care: a multicentre, cross-sectional study
Authors: Iida Hidekazu , Hayashi Shinu , Yasunaka Masakazu , Tsugihashi Yukio , Hirose Misaki , Shirahige Yutaka , Kurita Noriaki 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesPatient-reported outcomes reflecting quality of life (QOL) and hope are essential targets for in-home medical care. This study examined the association between the quality of patient-centred care and both QOL and hope.DesignMulticentre, cross-sectional study.SettingTwenty-nine home care clinics in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area, Nara Prefecture and Nagasaki Prefecture in Japan.Participants200 patients receiving home medical care.ExposurePatient-centredness was measured using the Japanese version of the Primary Care Assessment Tool-Short Form (JPCAT-SF).Outcome measuresThe primary outcome measures were QOL, assessed using the QOL-Home Care (QOL-HC) scale, and hope, measured using the Health-Related Hope (HR-Hope) scale. Mixed-effects linear models were applied.ResultsA higher JPCAT-SF total score was associated with a higher QOL-HC score (adjusted mean difference per 10-point increase: 0.28, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.40). Among the JPCAT-SF domains, higher scores in first contact (0.16, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.23), longitudinality (0.20, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.29), comprehensiveness (services available) (0.12, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.20), comprehensiveness (services provided) (0.08, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.15) and community orientation (0.11, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.20) were also associated with higher QOL-HC scores. Similarly, a higher JPCAT-SF total score was associated with a higher HR-Hope score (adjusted mean difference per 10-point increase: 4.8, 95% CI 2.9 to 6.7). Additionally, higher scores in individual JPCAT-SF domains were associated with higher HR-Hope scores: first contact (2.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 4.1), longitudinality (2.5, 95% CI 0.8 to 4.2), coordination (1.2, 95% CI 0.2 to 2.3), comprehensiveness (services available: 1.8, 95% CI 0.5 to 3.2; services provided: 1.3, 95% CI 0.4 to 2.3) and community orientation (1.8, 95% CI 0.5 to 3.1).ConclusionsHigher quality patient-centred care is positively associated with enhanced QOL and hope among home medical care patients. Patient-centredness should be strengthened in daily clinical practice.
Key elements for designing effective second victim support interventions: a focus group study in European clinical settings
Authors: Mira José Joaquín , Carrillo Irene , Gil-Hernández Eva , Strametz Reinhard , Knežević Krajina Hana , Schrøder Katja , Tella Susanna , Paiva Sofia Guerra , Knežević Bojana , Panella Massimiliano , Seys Deborah , Srulovici Einav , Põlluste Kaja , Vanhaecht Kris , Sousa Paulo 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe second victim (SV) experience limits the performance of health and care workers and places patients at risk. Peer support is recognised as the most effective, feasible and acceptable intervention to mitigate its impact.ObjectiveTo define a set of success factors when designing interventions to support SVs in health and care facilities based on expertise in different European countries.SettingInternational collaboration involving countries with diverse cultures, structures and legal frameworks.DesignQualitative research.MethodFocus groups involving a total of 43 participants were conducted in five countries. Prominent professionals in European peer support interventions were engaged. Analysis of common elements considered key to the success of these programmes was underscored.ResultsCritical success factors for designing effective SV support interventions included the need for an occupational health approach, the establishment of a strong organisational safety culture, immediate psychological first aid, long-term resilience building, the engagement and training of peer supporters, the provision of adequate resources and ongoing support, the importance of leadership commitment and the necessity of tailoring interventions to the specific context and needs of each institution and country considering their diverse sociocultural and legal framework. The expected benefits included ensuring optimal patient care and reducing associated costs such as staff turnover and litigation.ConclusionEffective SV support interventions are essential for enhancing the resilience and performance of health and care workers, ultimately improving patient safety. By implementing tailored and well-resourced interventions, healthcare institutions can mitigate the negative impact of the SV phenomenon, promoting optimal care.
Interventions to increase utilisation of advanced care planning documentation for hospitalised older adults
Authors: Walker Laura E , Liwonjo Anne , Goyal Deepi G 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveUnderstanding patients’ wishes and preferences during hospitalisation is a crucial component of care. We identified a gap related to documentation of advance directives and patient preferences for care and focused on ensuring appropriate goals of care discussions were occurring and documented. Our aim was to improve the documentation of advance care planning notes to include 80% of targeted hospitalised patients.Patients and methodsHospitalised patients in two community hospitals were included. We performed serial Plan-Do-Measure-Act cycles. The first intervention introduced the ‘surprise question’ during an afternoon huddle. Intervention 2 emphasised documentation of the advance care planning note. The third intervention used a structured approach led by administrators at daily multidisciplinary huddles and identified patients with an Elderly Risk Assessment score of 16 or greater as targets for advance care planning documentation.ResultsFrom a baseline performance under 10%, we increased to greater than 80% of patients with Elderly Risk Assessment scores of 16 or higher having documented advance care planning. We were able to sustain this performance over subsequent years.ConclusionA structured approach that identifies a targeted population at higher risk of mortality, and implementation of a checklist at a daily multidisciplinary huddle provided sustained improvement in advance care planning documentation. This provides the opportunity for improved patient care that is aligned with their values and preferences.
Real-world evaluation of physiotherapist-led exercise prehabilitation and rehabilitation during autologous stem cell transplantation in myeloma: a single-centre experience
Authors: Land Joanne , Luong Michael K , Longden Alasdair , Rabin Neil , Kyriakou Charalampia , Sive Jonathan , Fisher Abi , Yong Kwee , McCourt Orla 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThere is emerging evidence for the role of exercise in optimising function, quality of life (QoL) and reducing hospital length-of-stay if commenced prior to undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). A local pilot study of a prehabilitation and rehabilitation intervention during ASCT for myeloma patients indicated promising results and was adapted to translate into local clinical care. The aim of this report is to describe an overview of a newly implemented physiotherapist-led exercise prehabilitation and rehabilitation service delivered as part of the myeloma ASCT pathway, and present real-world findings related to changes in function and QoL.MethodsA service evaluation was conducted at a single-centre tertiary referral hospital for haematopoetic stem cell transplantation in the United Kingdom. A hybrid service using face-to-face clinical assessments and weekly remotely supervised group exercise, via an online video conferencing platform, in the phase between stem cell harvest and admission (prehabilitation), and from discharge to 100 days post-ASCT (rehabilitation). Functional (6 min walk and timed sit-to-stand tests) and patient-reported outcome measures (European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-C30) and EuroQol EQ5D-5L were assessed at preharvest, preadmission and in the post-ASCT evaluation (day 100) clinic.ResultsPatients (n=46) with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma referred for ASCT following induction chemotherapy were assessed. Baseline assessments showed high prevalence of impaired function and lower limb strength. Improvements were evident following prehabilitation prior to admission, which were maintained post-ASCT. Changes in 6 min walk test and timed sit-to-stand were significant and beyond thresholds of clinical importance. Improvements were also seen in the domains of QoL.ConclusionsImplementation of physiotherapist-led assessments in the myeloma clinic and group exercise delivery under remote supervision are acceptable to patients undergoing ASCT and indicate benefit in improving function and QoL.
Novel and potent MICA/B antibody is therapeutically effective inKRAS LKB1mutant lung cancer models
Authors: Kowash Ryan R , Sabnani Manoj , Gray Laura T , Deng Qing , Saleh Nusrat U A , Girard Luc , Naito Yujiro , Masahiro Kentaro , Minna John D , Gerber David E , Koyama Shohei , Liu Zhiqian Lucy , Baruah Hemanta , Akbay Esra A 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundConcurrentKRAS LKB1(STK11, KL) mutant non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) do not respond well to current immune checkpoint blockade therapies, however targeting major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A or B (MICA/B), could pose an alternative therapeutic strategy through activation of natural killer (NK) cells.MethodsExpression of NK cell activating ligands in NSCLC cell line and patient data were analyzed. Cell surface expression of MICA/B in NSCLC cell lines was determined through flow cytometry while ligand shedding in both patient blood and cell lines was determined through ELISA. We engineered an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) enhanced MICA/B monoclonal antibody, AHA-1031, which prevents ligand shedding without interfering with binding to natural killer group 2D while targeting cancer cells via superior ADCC. We performed in vitro assays using ELISA and flow cytometry-based assays to confirm that our antibody potently binds to and stabilizes MICA/B expression across lung cancer and other solid tumor cell lines. Additionally, we used two KL mutant NSCLC cell lines and a KL mutant patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model to demonstrate in vivo antitumor efficacy and flow cytometry analysis for immune cell activation profiling.ResultsNSCLC cell lines exhibit high MICA/B expression and secrete soluble MICA/B in vitro. Soluble MICA/B is also detected in patient blood samples. AHA-1031 binds to the α3 domain of MICA/B, preventing shedding and targeting tumor cells to ADCC. AHA-1031 exhibits high affinity and specificity to MICA/B, preventing MICA/B shedding in tumor lines and inducing ADCC in vitro. Our antibody also effectively binds and stabilizes MICA/B expression in additional tumor types and demonstrates broad specificity. We show that in two KL mutant NSCLC xenograft models and a KL mutant PDX model, treatment with AHA-1031 monotherapy significantly inhibits tumor growth compared with vehicle-treated animals with no observable toxicity. Tumor tissues from treated mice exhibit significantly increased immune cell infiltrates and activated NK cell populations.ConclusionsActivating NK cells through MICA/B stabilization and inducing ADCC offers an alternative and potent therapy option in KL tumors. MICA/B are shed across different tumors making this therapeutic strategy universally applicable.