bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eczematized psoriasis – a frequent but often neglected variant of plaque psoriasis
Authors: Lauffer Felix , Eyerich Kilian 
Published: February 2023

SummaryPsoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease that causes systemic inflammation and severely impacts the patient's quality of life. Several highly effective therapeutics for psoriasis have been approved in recent years. However, in real life, a high proportion of patients either do not experience the clinical improvement observed in clinical trials or develop a secondary loss of efficacy. This may be a result of unrecognized endotypes of psoriasis that need to be characterized in greater depth to enable selection of an appropriate therapy. Eczematized psoriasis, which occurs in approximately 5–10% of patients with psoriasis, is an often‐neglected variant of psoriasis. The term “eczematized psoriasis” refers to patients developing psoriasis with similarities to eczema. These patients typically present with severe itching, and skin biopsies often reveal eosinophil granulocytes, serum crusts, or spongiosis, which are frequently observed in eczema. From an immunological perspective, additional signaling pathways that are responsible for eczema reactions might be activated in eczematized psoriasis compared to classical plaque psoriasis. This review summarizes the key clinical, histological, and immunological features of eczematized psoriasis, proposes diagnostic criteria, and evaluates the therapeutic options for eczematized psoriasis.
Soil nitrogen dynamics drive regional variation in nitrogen use efficiency in rice: A multi‐scale study
Authors: Zhao Xu , Cai Siyuan , Yang Binggeng , Zhao Huicheng , Zeng Ke , Fan Pengfei , Bi Shiting , Li Pengfei , Liu Yujuan , Wang Yingying , Liu Xiuyun , Yang Yong , Zhou Wei , Yin Bin , Liu Binbin , Zhang Zhenhua , Peng Xianlong , Müller Christoph , Zhang Jinbo , Yan Xiaoyuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNortheast and East China account for ~36% of the Chinese rice cultivation area, yet considerable spatial disparities in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) exist between these regions. The underlying causes remain poorly understood. Herein, we conducted a case study in two sample sites from two regions, Wuchang and Changshu, using multi‐scale evidence chains spanning macro‐ and micro‐ processes to identify the determinants of spatial NUE variability. Field studies showed higher NUE (partial factor productivity, PFP, and agronomic efficiency, AE) but lower ammonia volatilisation in Wuchang paddy soil. By separating edaphic factors from climatic conditions, soil replacement pot studies between Wuchang and Changshu revealed that both apparent (AE and recovery efficiency, RE) and 15N‐traced NUE were higher, whereas 15N fertilizer losses were lower in Wuchang‐soil than Changshu‐soil irrespective of site, suggesting soil type contributed to differences in soil N retention capacity and NUE of the soils. Process‐scale results showed that greater rates of gross N mineralizsation (13‐fold higher), gross nitrification (93% higher), and denitrification (52% higher) in Changshu‐soil compared to Wuchang‐soil corresponded to functional gene relative abundance, signifying larger reactive N losses and reduced soil N retention capacity. Microbial community analysis suggested that the differential N transformations were caused by differences in ammonia‐oxidizing archaea (AOA) family nitrososphaeraceae and Nitrospira‐like nitrite‐oxidizing bacteria (NOB). This highlights the importance of specific efficiency‐enhanced strategies tailored to the edaphic characteristics of cropping regions, such as increasing soil N retention capacity using enhanced‐efficiency fertilizer in East China, while implementing conservation management strategies in Northeast China.Highlights
Field‐scale studies revealed higher NUE and lower NH3 volatilisation in Wuchang site.
Soil replacement pot studies showed higher NUE in Wuchang‐soil regardless of sites.
Process‐scale results unravelled high N losses and low soil N retention in Changshu‐soil.
Varying NUE partially correlated with Nitrososphaeraceae AOA and Nitrospira‐like NOB.
Two‐Year observational study of autonomic skin function in patients with Parkinson's disease compared to healthy individuals
Authors: Siepmann Timo , Arndt Martin , Sedghi Annahita , Szatmári Szabolcs , Horváth Tamás , Takáts Annamária , Bereczki Dániel , Moskopp Mats Leif , Buchmann Sylvia , Skowronek Cornelia , Zago Wagner , Woranush Warunya , Lapusca Razvan , Weidemann Marie Luise , Gibbons Christopher H. , Freeman Roy , Reichmann Heinz , Puetz Volker , Barlinn Kristian , Pintér Alexandra , Illigens Ben Min‐Woo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeWe characterized autonomic pilomotor and sudomotor skin function in early Parkinson's disease (PD) longitudinally.MethodsWe enrolled PD patients (Hoehn and Yahr 1–2) and healthy controls from movement disorder centers in Germany, Hungary, and the United States. We evaluated axon‐reflex responses in adrenergic sympathetic pilomotor nerves and in cholinergic sudomotor nerves and assessed sympathetic skin response (SSR), predominantly parasympathetic neurocardiac function via heart rate variability, and disease‐related symptoms at baseline, after 2 weeks, and after 1 and 2 years. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03043768.ResultsWe included 38 participants: 26 PD (60% females, aged 62.4 ± 7.4 years, mean ± SD) and 12 controls (75% females, aged 59.5 ± 5.8 years). Pilomotor function was reduced in PD compared to controls at baseline when quantified via spatial axon‐reflex spread (78 [43–143], median [interquartile range] mm2 vs. 175 [68–200] mm2, p = 0.01) or erect hair follicle count in the axon‐reflex region (8 [6–10] vs. 11 [6–16], p = 0.008) and showed reliability absent any changes from baseline to Week 2 (p = not significant [ns]). Between‐group differences increased over the course of 2 years (p < 0.05), although no decline was observed within groups (p = ns). Pilomotor impairment in PD correlated with motor symptoms (rho = −0.59, p = 0.017) and was not lateralized (p = ns). Sudomotor axon‐reflex and neurocardiac function did not differ between groups (p = ns), but SSR was reduced in PD (p = 0.0001).ConclusionsImpairment of adrenergic sympathetic pilomotor function and SSR in evolving PD is not paralleled by changes to cholinergic sudomotor function and parasympathetic neurocardiac function, suggesting a sympathetic pathophysiology. A pilomotor axon‐reflex test might be useful to monitor PD‐related pathology.
Cluster headache polygenetic risk and known functional variants of CYP3A4 are not associated with treatment response
Authors: Petersen Anja Sofie , Barloese Mads , Lund Nunu , Pedersen Adam Friis , Søborg Marie‐Louise Kulas , Chalmer Mona Ameri , Callesen Ida , Winsvold Bendik Slagsvold , Zwart John‐Anker ,   DBDS Genomic Consortium, Ostrowski Sisse Rye , Pedersen Ole Birger , Sellebjerg Finn , Søndergaard Helle Bach , Hansen Malene Bredahl , Jensen Rigmor Højland , Hansen Thomas Folkmann 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThe response to cluster headache treatments has a high interindividual variation. To date, treatment response has only been assessed by a candidate gene approach and no investigations into metabolic pathways have been performed. Our aim was to investigate the association between the polygenetic risk of cluster headache and treatment response to first‐line cluster headache treatments as well as known functional variants of CYP3A4 and the response to verapamil. Further, it was aimed to replicate previous single nucleotide polymorphisms found to be associated with treatment response in cluster headache and/or migraine.MethodsIn, 508 cluster headache patients diagnosed according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders were genotyped and participated in a semi‐structured interview to evaluate treatment response. Polygenetic risk scores were calculated by the effect retrieved from a meta‐analysis of the latest two genome‐wide association studies on cluster headache.ResultsInferior treatment response to oxygen, triptans and verapamil is associated with chronicity of cluster headache were confirmed but no evidence was found that a response could be predicted by a high genetic risk of cluster headache. Likewise, verapamil response was not associated with functional variants of CYP3A4. No support of the genetic variants previously reported to be associated with treatment response to triptans or verapamil was found.ConclusionThe clinically relevant variation in treatment response for cluster headache was not influenced by genetic factors in the present study.
Efficacy and safety of fremanezumab for migraine prophylaxis in patients with at least three previous preventive failures: Prospective, multicenter, real‐world data from a Greek registry
Authors: Argyriou Andreas A. , Dermitzakis Emmanouil V. , Xiromerisiou Georgia , Rallis Dimitrios , Soldatos Panagiotis , Litsardopoulos Pantelis , Vikelis Michail 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo prospectively assess the efficacy and safety of fremanezumab for migraine prophylaxis in patients with failure of at least three previous preventive treatments. Changes in disability as quality‐of‐life outcomes after fremanezumab treatment were also examined.MethodsTwo hundred and four patients with either high‐frequency EM (HFEM) or chronic migraine (CM), who attained at least three consecutive monthly sessions with fremanezumab 225 mg and otherwise met the inclusion criteria, were included in the study. The crude response (at least 50% reduction in monthly headache days [MHD]) rates to fremanezumab were assessed. Scores in the following efficacy outcomes were then compared from baseline to the last efficacy evaluation follow‐up: (i) MHD, (ii) monthly days with moderate/severe peak headache intensity, and (iii) monthly days with intake of abortive medication. The disability was evaluated with the Migraine Disability Assessment; the quality of life (QOL) status was assessed with the Headache Impact‐6 Test, and the EQ‐5D questionnaire.ResultsIn the majority of HFEM cases (n = 81/97; 83.5%) and CM patients (n = 67/107; 62.6%), fremanezumab proved effective in reducing the MHDs by at least 50% and was associated with clinically meaningful improvement in all other efficacy variables. The migraine‐related disability experienced by our patients decreased and their QOL increased. We recorded just 36 cases reporting mild adverse events, including pain, rash or pruritus (n = 26), flu‐like symptoms (n = 8), and hair loss (n = 2).ConclusionWith our prospective results, we provide further real‐world data to support the favorable benefit/risk profile of fremanezumab in the prophylaxis of both HFEM and CM.
Site matters: Central neuropathic pain characteristics and somatosensory findings after brain and spinal cord lesions
Authors: Barbosa Luciana Mendonça , Valerio Fernanda , Pereira Samira Luisa Apóstolos , da Silva Valquíria Aparecida , de Lima Rodrigues Antônia Lilian , Galhardoni Ricardo , Yeng Lin Tchia , Rosi Jefferson , Conforto Adriana Bastos , Lucato Leandro Tavares , Lemos Marcelo Delboni , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , de Andrade Daniel Ciampi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt is unknown if different etiologies or lesion topographies influence central neuropathic pain (CNP) clinical manifestation.MethodsWe explored the symptom–somatosensory profile relationships in CNP patients with different types of lesions to the central nervous system to gain insight into CNP mechanisms. We compared the CNP profile through pain descriptors, standardized bedside examination, and quantitative sensory test in two different etiologies with segregated lesion locations: the brain, central poststroke pain (CPSP, n = 39), and the spinal cord central pain due to spinal cord injury (CPSCI, n = 40) in neuromyelitis optica.ResultsResults are expressed as median (25th to 75th percentiles). CPSP presented higher evoked and paroxysmal pain scores compared to CPSCI (p < 0.001), and lower cold thermal limen (5.6°C [0.0–12.9]) compared to CPSCI (20.0°C [4.2–22.9]; p = 0.004). CPSCI also had higher mechanical pain thresholds (784.5 mN [255.0–1078.0]) compared to CPSP (235.2 mN [81.4–1078.0], p = 0.006) and higher mechanical detection threshold compared to control areas (2.7 [1.5–6.2] vs. 1.0 [1.0–3.3], p = 0.007). Evoked pain scores negatively correlated with mechanical pain thresholds (r = −0.38, p < 0.001) and wind‐up ratio (r = −0.57, p < 0.001).ConclusionsCNP of different etiologies may present different pain descriptors and somatosensory profiles, which is likely due to injury site differences within the neuroaxis. This information may help better design phenotype mechanism correlations and impact trial designs for the main etiologies of CNP, namely stroke and spinal cord lesions. This study provides evidence that topography may influence pain symptoms and sensory profile. The findings suggest that CNP mechanisms might vary according to pain etiology or lesion topography, impacting future mechanism‐based treatment choices.
Relative entropy is an easy‐to‐use invasive electroencephalographic biomarker of the epileptogenic zone
Authors: Travnicek Vojtech , Klimes Petr , Cimbalnik Jan , Halamek Josef , Jurak Pavel , Brinkmann Benjamin , Balzekas Irena , Abdallah Chifaou , Dubeau François , Frauscher Birgit , Worrell Greg , Brazdil Milan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveHigh‐frequency oscillations are considered among the most promising interictal biomarkers of the epileptogenic zone in patients suffering from pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy. However, there is no clear definition of pathological high‐frequency oscillations, and the existing detectors vary in methodology, performance, and computational costs. This study proposes relative entropy as an easy‐to‐use novel interictal biomarker of the epileptic tissue.MethodsWe evaluated relative entropy and high‐frequency oscillation biomarkers on intracranial electroencephalographic data from 39 patients with seizure‐free postoperative outcome (Engel Ia) from three institutions. We tested their capability to localize the epileptogenic zone, defined as resected contacts located in the seizure onset zone. The performance was compared using areas under the receiver operating curves (AUROCs) and precision‐recall curves. Then we tested whether a universal threshold can be used to delineate the epileptogenic zone across patients from different institutions.ResultsRelative entropy in the ripple band (80–250 Hz) achieved an average AUROC of .85. The normalized high‐frequency oscillation rate in the ripple band showed an identical AUROC of .85. In contrast to high‐frequency oscillations, relative entropy did not require any patient‐level normalization and was easy and fast to calculate due to its clear and straightforward definition. One threshold could be set across different patients and institutions, because relative entropy is independent of signal amplitude and sampling frequency.SignificanceAlthough both relative entropy and high‐frequency oscillations have a similar performance, relative entropy has significant advantages such as straightforward definition, computational speed, and universal interpatient threshold, making it an easy‐to‐use promising biomarker of the epileptogenic zone.
SERPINB7 mutation causes Nagashima‐type palmoplantar keratosis and its spatiotemporal expression in zebrafish
Authors: Lyu Chen , Zhang Fan , Liu Tingting , Yu Gongqi , Ge Kangkang , Chen Shengli , Sheng Donglai , Sun Yonghu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSerine protease inhibitor B7 (SERPINB7) mutations have been reported to cause Nagashima‐type palmoplantar keratosis (NPPK), but their biological effects are largely unknown. We conducted whole‐exome sequencing and identified a c.796C>T (p.Arg266Ter) mutation in SERPINB7 in a Chinese pedigree, which presented as an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. We assessed the function of SERPINB7 in homozygous and heterozygous mutation carriers, and the results suggested that the single c.796C>T mutation may alter the subcellular localization of SERPINB7. One of the homozygous mutation patients (II‐3) was treated with ixekizumab and showed moderate improvement in keratinization. In addition, we analysed the spatiotemporal expression of serpinb1l1 and serpinb1l3, the zebrafish homologue of human SERPINB7, which is expressed in larvae and adults. In larvae, both serpinb1l1 and serpinb1l3 were expressed in the digestive tract. Then, we performed RT‐PCR on adult fins based on similarity to the site of NPPK expression in humans and found that the genes were expressed in five fins (pectoral, pelvic, dorsal, anal and caudal) of the zebrafish distal extremity. Taken together, our results demonstrated that the single c.796C>T (p.Arg266Ter) mutation may alter the location of SERPINB7‐encoded protein in the skin, while zebrafish SERPINB7 homologue was expressed in adult fins. These findings will enable us to construct knock‐out models to explore the pathogenesis of palmoplantar keratosis.
Pandemic politics and the rise of immigration: Online attitudes towards Westerners and the west in China
Authors: Ang Sylvia , Martin Fran 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article aims to unpack discourses of ‘race’ and racializations associated with White Western foreign residents in China amid pandemic politics. China's proposal to loosen visa regulations for non‐citizens during the pandemic (February 2020) sparked many racist and nationalistic sentiments online. Since then, exposés of the ‘special treatment’ foreigners apparently demand during quarantine in China have met significant online backlash. Anti‐foreigner sentiments are at a new high and not only against African migrants, who have been the focus of extant studies. COVID‐19 hit the world at a time of vast international migration into China and China's growing power, and the revival of existing racializations and the ignition of new ones are intricately linked with these phenomena. This article proposes that understanding the conditioning contexts of Chinese postcoloniality and state‐led patriotism can enable valuable insights into the emerging racialization of White Westerners in pandemic‐era China.
Reconciling emotional caregiving and self‐fulfilment: Peruvian migrants in Switzerland supporting parents in Peru
Authors: Carbajal Myrian , Ramírez Carolina , Cavagnoud Robin , Stefoni Carolina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article explores filial transnational caregiving from a subjective and emotional perspective. It analyses the relationship between pursuit of personal fulfilment and concern for parental well‐being among Peruvian migrants in Switzerland whose parents remain in Peru. Based on in‐depth interviews, we analyse the importance assigned to personal goals, the resignification of filial obligations, and how migrants reconcile the desire to be a ‘good’ son or daughter with the desire for self‐fulfilment. This process, strongly shaped by gender and social class, involves the negotiation of distinct principles of autonomy and filial obligation prevailing in the country of origin and destination. Turning our attention to less explored emotions, such as pride and a sense of fulfilment, we show how to deal with principles that may be in tension, migrant children construe the pursuit of self‐fulfilment and the desire to accomplish family responsibilities as interdependent dynamics in the context of filial transnational caregiving.
Calling multinational enterprises to account: CSOs, supranational institutions and business practices in the global south
Authors: Ford Michele , Gillan Michael , Thein Htwe Htwe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHow do civil society organizations (CSOs) use state‐backed supranational institutions to call multinational enterprises (MNEs) to account? There are few studies of precisely how CSOs—union and other—use institutional power in global value chain (GVC) governance or the impact of institutional change on actor behaviour. To address this gap, we assess the impact of changes in the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises on CSO engagement with MNEs, comparing complaints lodged by CSOs before and after the Guidelines were revised in June 2011 to accommodate the rise in global prominence of the human rights and business frame. In our analysis, we focus on how constitutive and institutional power plays out in GVC governance, with special attention to the impact of institutional change on actor behaviour. Our analysis reveals that this state‐backed mechanism provides CSOs with a structure through which to address human rights violations in some MNEs’ supply chains but also that, despite its high degree of reflexivity, ongoing design flaws limit its capacity to address the uneven distribution of power not only between CSOs and MNEs, but among CSOs themselves. In doing so, we draw attention to the need for further research on the dynamic multilevel interactions between the configuration and adjustment of supranational institutions and how these mediate CSO and MNE interactions.
Male and female academics' gendered perceptions of academic work and career progression in China
Authors: Horta Hugo , Tang Li 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article explores the experiences of male and female academics in China's higher education system concerning career progression and examines how they perceive the challenges faced by the opposite gender. Our analysis of interviews with 40 academics from a research university revealed that academics' experience of career progression is informed by gendered divisions of labour at home and work and by gendered role expectations that are prevalent in Chinese culture. Female academics reported performing a disproportionate amount of household work: some felt satisfied with having moderately successful academic careers, whereas others aspired to do more but grappled with the difficulties of doing so. In contrast, male academics mentioned great pressure to pursue promotion and career progression: they reported feeling less work–family stress but were fearful of failing in their role as breadwinners. Male and female academics showed mixed comprehension of each other's plight, but in general, female academics recognised that male academics faced higher career expectations but lower household burdens, and male academics felt that female academics had lower career expectations and many more burdens and constraints. Male academics tended to stress biological and societal reasons for gender differences in Chinese academia, whereas female academics highlighted the power of cultural and social beliefs. We argue that the challenges faced by Chinese academics can only be mitigated if gender‐specific promotion paths that recognise men's and women's social roles and obligations are made available.