bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient and Stable Flexible Organic Solar Cells via the Enhanced Optical‐Thermal Radiative Transfer
Authors: Zhang Ye‐Fan , Ren Hao , Chen Jing‐De , Hou Hong‐Yi , Liu Hui‐Min , Tian Shuo , Chen Wei‐Shuo , Ge Heng‐Ru , Li Yan‐Qing , Mao Hongying , Su Zisheng , Tang Jian‐Xin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHeating is a knotty factor contributing to device degradation of flexible organic solar cells (FOSCs), and thermal regulation plays a crucial role in the realization of long operational lifetime. Herein, a passive cooling strategy for stable FOSCs is proposed by boosting the optical‐thermal radiative transfer to reduce the insufficient thermal dissipation and the elevated temperature caused by irradiation‐induced heating, while retaining their flexibility and portability. A spectrally selective coupling structure consisting of subwavelength hemisphere pattern and distributed Bragg reflector is integrated into FOSCs to collectively enhance out‐coupling of infrared radiation and limit near‐infrared absorption‐induced heat generation, leading to a reduced heat power intensity of 292.5 W cm−2 and the decreased working temperature by 9.6 °C under outdoor sunlight irradiation. The D18:Y6:PC71BM‐based FOSCs achieve a power conversion efficiency of over 17% with a prolonged T80 lifetime as long as one year under real outdoor working conditions. These results represent a new opportunity for enhancing the operational stability of FOSCs.
Enantioselective Au‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Thia[5]‐ and Thia[6]helicenes and Their Transformation into Bowl‐shaped Pleiadenes
Authors: Fu Wei , Pelliccioli Valentina , von Geyso Moritz , Redero Pablo , Böhmer Christian , Simon Martin , Golz Christopher , Alcarazo Manuel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA series of helically shaped benzo[b]chryseno[4,3‐d]thiophenes, naphtho[1,2‐b]phenanthro[4,3‐d]thiophenes, and chryseno[3,4‐b]naphtho[1,2‐d]thiophenes is synthesized via a highly enantioselective Au‐catalyzed intramolecular alkyne hydroarylation reaction. The inversion barriers of the structures obtained are determined both theoretically and experimentally, and their chiroptical properties are reported. Preliminary studies on the post‐synthetic functionalization of these thiahelicenes and their transformation into azahelicenes are also presented. In addition, a straightforward one‐step protocol is developed, which wraps the initially obtained chryseno[3,4‐b]naphtho[1,2‐d]thiophenes into bowl‐shaped pleiadene derivatives without erosion of the enantiopurity. The number of structurally related products that are obtained with high enantioselectivity enables the establishment of comprehensive correlations between the structure and conformational stability or (chir)optical properties.
Trust Management Methodology and Agents Simulations Framework for Conflict Research
Authors: Trček Denis 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTrust plays a pivotal role in numerous humans’ interactions, and it affects relationships ranging from individuals to interstate levels. Any conflict and its resolution can therefore benefit from insights into trust dynamics. The deployment of computational trust management methods and agent technologies provide promising options. They have already been successfully applied in many domains, while in conflict research (and possible resolution policies) they are rather unexplored. This research paper therefore presents an approach that is based on a formalized, anthropocentric trust management method. It deploys it accordingly in agents’ simulations to obtain new insights into the dynamics of trust in cooperation–conflict interplay, and to enable derivation of strategies for managing societies to drive them toward desired states.
3D Printed Nitrogen‐Doped Thick Carbon Architectures for Supercapacitor: Ink Rheology and Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Zhou Guoqiang , Li Mei‐Chun , Liu Chaozheng , Liu Chuhang , Li Zhenglin , Mei Changtong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe 3D printing technique offers huge opportunities for customized thick‐electrode designs with high loading densities to enhance the area capacity in a limited space. However, key challenges remain in formulating 3D printable inks with exceptional rheological performance and facilitating electronic/ion transport in thick bulk electrodes. Herein, a hybrid ink consisting of woody‐derived cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and urea is formulated for the 3D printing nitrogen‐doped thick electrodes, in which CNFs serve as both dispersing and thickening agents for MWCNTs, whereas urea acts as a doping agent. By systematically tailoring the concentration‐dependent rheological performance and 3D printing process of the ink, a variety of gel architectures with high geometric accuracy and superior shape fidelity are successfully printed. The as‐printed gel architecture is then transformed into a nitrogen‐doped carbon block with a hierarchical porous structure and superior electrochemical performance after freeze‐drying and annealing treatments. Furthermore, a quasi‐solid‐state symmetric supercapacitor assembled with two interdigitated carbon blocks obtained by a 3D printing technique combined with a nitrogen‐doping strategy delivers an energy density of 0.10 mWh cm−2 at 0.56 mW cm−2. This work provides guidance for the formulation of the printable ink used for 3D printing of high‐performance thick carbon electrodes.
Strong Anionic Repulsion for Fast Na Kinetics in P2‐Type Layered Oxides
Authors: Kwon Dohyeong , Park Sung‐Joon , Lee Jaewoon , Park Sangeon , Yu Seung‐Ho , Kim Duho 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn intriguing mechanism for enabling fast Na kinetics during oxygen redox (OR) is proposed to produce high‐power‐density cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) based on the P2‐type oxide models, Na2/3[Mn6/9Ni3/9]O2 (NMNO) and Na2/3[Ti1/9Mn5/9Ni3/9]O2 (NTMNO) using the “potential pillar” effect. The critical structural parameter of NTMNO lowers the Na migration barrier in the desodiated state because the electrostatic repulsion of O(2p)O(2p) that occurs between transition metal layers is combined with the chemically stiff Ti4+(3d)O(2p) bond to locally retain the strong repulsion effect. The NTMNO interlayer distance moderately decreases upon charging with oxygen oxidation, whereas that of NMNO decreases at a much faster rate, which can be explained by the dependence of OR activity on the coordination environment. Fundamental electrochemical experiments clearly indicate that the Ti doping of the bare material significantly improves its rate capability during OR, and detailed electrochemical and structural analyses show much faster Na kinetics for NTMNO than for NMNO. A systematic comparison of the two cathode oxides based on experiments and first‐principles calculations establishes the “potential pillar” concept of not only improving the sluggish Na kinetics upon OR reaction but also harnessing the full potential of the anionic redox for high‐power‐density SIBs.
A Monoclonal Human Alveolar Epithelial Cell Line (“Arlo”) with Pronounced Barrier Function for Studying Drug Permeability and Viral Infections
Authors: Carius Patrick , Jungmann Annemarie , Bechtel Marco , Grißmer Alexander , Boese Annette , Gasparoni Gilles , Salhab Abdulrahman , Seipelt Ralf , Urbschat Klaus , Richter Clémentine , Meier Carola , Bojkova Denisa , Cinatl Jindrich , Walter Jörn , Schneider‐Daum Nicole , Lehr Claus‐Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the development of orally inhaled drug products preclinical animal models regularly fail to predict pharmacological as well as toxicological responses in humans. Models based on human cells and tissues are potential alternatives to animal experimentation allowing for the isolation of essential processes of human biology and making them accessible in vitro. Here, the generation of a novel monoclonal cell line “Arlo,” derived from the polyclonal human alveolar epithelium lentivirus immortalized cell line hAELVi via single‐cell printing, and its characterization as a model for the human alveolar epithelium as well as a building block for future complex in vitro models is described. “Arlo” is systematically compared in vitro to primary human alveolar epithelial cells (hAEpCs) as well as to the polyclonal hAELVi cell line. “Arlo” cells show enhanced barrier properties with high transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of ≈3000 Ω cm2 and a potential difference (PD) of ≈30 mV under air–liquid interface (ALI) conditions, that can be modulated. The cells grow in a polarized monolayer and express genes relevant to barrier integrity as well as homeostasis as is observed in hAEpCs. Successful productive infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in a proof‐of‐principle study offers an additional, attractive application of “Arlo” beyond biopharmaceutical experimentation.
Nanomedicines Reprogram Synovial Macrophages by Scavenging Nitric Oxide and Silencing CA9 in Progressive Osteoarthritis
Authors: Yan Yi , Lu An , Dou Yun , Zhang Zhen , Wang Xiang‐Yu , Zhai Lin , Ai Li‐Ya , Du Ming‐Ze , Jiang Lin‐Xia , Zhu Yuan‐Jun , Shi Yu‐Jie , Liu Xiao‐Yan , Jiang Dong , Wang Jian‐Cheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive joint disease characterized by inflammation and cartilage destruction, and its progression is closely related to imbalances in the M1/M2 synovial macrophages. A two‐pronged strategy for the regulation of intracellular/extracellular nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen protons for reprogramming M1/M2 synovial macrophages is proposed. The combination of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) siRNA and NO scavenger in “two‐in‐one” nanocarriers (NAHA‐CaP/siRNA nanoparticles) is developed for progressive OA therapy by scavenging NO and inhibiting CA9 expression in synovial macrophages. In vitro experiments demonstrate that these NPs can significantly scavenge intracellular NO similar to the levels as those in the normal group and downregulate the expression levels of CA9 mRNA (≈90%), thereby repolarizing the M1 macrophages into the M2 phenotype and increasing the expression levels of pro‐chondrogenic TGF‐β1 mRNA (≈1.3‐fold), and inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, in vivo experiments show that the NPs have great anti‐inflammation, cartilage protection and repair effects, thereby effectively alleviating OA progression in both monoiodoacetic acid‐induced early and late OA mouse models and a surgical destabilization of medial meniscus‐induced OA rat model. Therefore, the siCA9 and NO scavenger “two‐in‐one” delivery system is a potential and efficient strategy for progressive OA treatment.
Alzheimer's disease phenotypes show different sleep architecture
Authors: Falgàs Neus , Walsh Christine M. , Yack Leslie , Simon Alexander J. , Allen Isabel E. , Kramer Joel H. , Rosen Howard J. , Joie Renaud La , Rabinovici Gil , Miller Bruce , Spina Salvatore , Seeley William W. , Ranasinghe Kamalini , Vossel Keith , Neylan Thomas C. , Grinberg Lea T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONSleep–wake disturbances are a prominent feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Atypical (non‐amnestic) AD syndromes have different patterns of cortical vulnerability to AD. We hypothesized that atypical AD also shows differential vulnerability in subcortical nuclei that will manifest as different patterns of sleep dysfunction.METHODSOvernight electroencephalography monitoring was performed on 48 subjects, including 15 amnestic, 19 atypical AD, and 14 controls. AD was defined based on neuropathological or biomarker confirmation. We compared sleep architecture by visual scoring and spectral power analysis in each group.RESULTSOverall, AD cases showed increased sleep fragmentation and N1 sleep compared to controls. Compared to atypical AD groups, typical AD showed worse N3 sleep dysfunction and relatively preserved rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.DISCUSSIONResults suggest differing effects of amnestic and atypical AD variants on slow wave versus REM sleep, respectively, corroborating the hypothesis of differential selective vulnerability patterns of the subcortical nuclei within variants. Optimal symptomatic treatment for sleep dysfunction in clinical phenotypes may differ.Highlights
Alzheimer's disease (AD) variants show distinct patterns of sleep impairment.

Amnestic/typical AD has worse N3 slow wave sleep (SWS) impairment compared to atypical AD.

Atypical AD shows more rapid eye movement deficits than typical AD.

Selective vulnerability patterns in subcortical areas may underlie sleep differences.

Relatively preserved SWS may explain better memory scores in atypical versus typical AD.
Trans‐metallated chlorophyllin by copper supported on silica‐coated magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and green catalyst for the synthesis of furan‐2(5H)‐ones
Authors: Rostamizadeh Hossein , Rahmati Abbas 
Published: February 2023

In recent years, an unprecedented increase in environmental pollution as a result of the rapid industrialization of the world has attracted a lot of attention to green chemistry. Chlorophyllin copper complex (Chln‐Cu) is one of the most vital compounds derived from natural chlorophyll that can be used as an environmental, sustainable, and green catalyst in industrial processes. In the current paper, chlorophyll was first extracted from spinach leaves, hydrolyzed, and trans‐metallated to chlorophyllin copper (II) complex. The fixation of Chln‐Cu on functionalized magnetic nanoparticles was performed using a green mechanical method. This mechanical solvent‐free reaction was done in a planetary ball mill with 60 zirconia balls (diameter = 3 mm) and the rotation speed 200 rpm at 12 h. In conclusion, an efficient and reusable Fe3O4@SiO2‐NH2‐Chln‐Cu catalyst was obtained. To characterize the synthesized catalyst, several analytical techniques were used such as UV–Vis, FT‐IR, 1H‐NMR, and 13C‐NMR spectra as well as TG, ICP‐OES, XRD, FE‐SEM, elemental mapping, VSM, and XPS analyses. The conducted analyses showed that the catalyst was successfully synthesized. The efficiency of the catalyst was checked in the preparation of 3,4,5‐trisubstituted furan‐2(5H)‐one derivatives at room temperature in propylene carbonate as a green solvent. Moreover, the effect of time, temperature, and solvent on the reaction yield was thoroughly investigated. Excellent performance at mild, environmentally friendly, and nontoxic conditions showed that Fe3O4@Si‐Chln‐Cu not only is an excellent catalyst for this process but also it can be an outstanding catalyst for other catalytic reactions.
Green synthesis and characterization of Ni0.25Zn0.75Fe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles and study of their photocatalytic activity in the degradation of aniline
Authors: Kiani Mohammad Taghi , Ramazani Ali , Taghavi Fardood Saeid 
Published: February 2023

Because aniline is a persistent pollutant, a cost‐effective and efficient removal method is urgently needed. This study evaluates the synergistic effect of nickel doping in spinel zinc ferrite to enhance the photocatalytic performance of magnetic nanoparticles. Herein, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX)/Map, and vibrating‐sample magnetometry (VSM) techniques were used to evaluate Ni0.25Zn0.75Fe2O4 MNPs synthesis by a sol–gel method. The produced nanoparticles have a surface area of 20.325 m2 g−1. At room temperature, the nanoparticles exhibit superparamagnetic characteristics and can be readily separated from the aqueous solution. The bandgap has been determined to be 1.83 eV using Tauc's plot. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of as‐prepared Ni0.25Zn0.75Fe2O4 MNPs for aniline degradation under visible light irradiation was examined. The photocatalytic results demonstrate that nickel‐doped zinc ferrite has high photocatalytic activity in aniline degradation. Additionally, Ni0.25Zn0.75Fe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are highly magnetic in nature, which simplifies separation and repetitive reuse.
The role of cranial osteoderms on the mechanics of the skull in scincid lizards
Authors: Marghoub Arsalan , Kéver Loïc , Williams Catherine J. A. , Abzhanov Arkhat , Vickaryous Matthew , Herrel Anthony , Evans Susan E. , Moazen Mehran 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOsteoderms (ODs) are calcified organs formed directly within the skin of most major extant tetrapod lineages. Lizards possibly show the greatest diversity in ODs morphology and distribution. ODs are commonly hypothesized to function as a defensive armor. Here we tested the hypothesis that cranial osteoderms also contribute to the mechanics of the skull during biting. A series of in vivo experiments were carried out on three specimens of Tiliqua gigas. Animals were induced to bite a force plate while a single cranial OD was strain gauged. A finite element (FE) model of a related species, Tiliqua scincoides, was developed and used to estimate the level of strain across the same OD as instrumented in the in vivo experiments. FE results were compared to the in vivo data and the FE model was modified to test two hypothetical scenarios in which all ODs were (i) removed from, and (ii) fused to, the skull. In vivo data demonstrated that the ODs were carrying load during biting. The hypothetical FE models showed that when cranial ODs were fused to the skull, the overall strain across the skull arising from biting was reduced. Removing the ODs showed an opposite effect. In summary, our findings suggest that cranial ODs contribute to the mechanics of the skull, even when they are loosely attached.
Extreme accretion events: TDEs and changing‐look AGN
Authors: Komossa S. , Grupe D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present a review of the topics of X‐ray stellar tidal disruption events (TDEs) and changing‐look active galactic nuclei (AGN). Stars approaching a supermassive black hole (SMBH) can be tidally disrupted and accreted. TDEs were first discovered in the X‐ray regime and appear as luminous, giant‐amplitude flares from inactive galaxies. The early X‐ray observations with ROSAT also established the extreme X‐ray spectral softness of these events with temperatures of order 50–100 eV that continues to be seen in the majority of more recently identified events. While the majority of X‐ray TDEs has been identified from inactive galaxies and some showed the highest amplitudes of variability recorded from galaxy cores (amplitudes exceeding factors of 1000–6000), a small fraction of AGN has been found to be highly variable as well. In AGN, this so‐called changing‐look phenomenon often comes with a strong change in the optical broad emission lines, leading to Seyfert‐type changes between class 1 and class 2. These two forms of activity represent the extremes of variability among active and quiescent galaxies, and have opened up a new window to understanding accretion physics under extreme conditions. Finally, we introduce the term “frozen‐look AGN” to describe systems that show constant line emission despite dramatic changes in the observed ionizing continuum. These systems are best explained by strong changes of absorption along our line‐of‐sight.
Evolution and process of spiritual awakening: A grounded theory study
Authors: Maurya Rakesh K. , Jain Sachin , Grey Brittn , Clarfield Jordan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe present study used a constructivist grounded theory (CGT) approach to explore, examine and develop a grounded theory (GT) of spiritual awakening conceptualisation and process. The authors used the interview data of 34 eminent spiritual teachers who have written books on spirituality, led spiritual retreats and conducted lectures and trainings on spiritual quest. These participants come from diverse backgrounds (e.g., American, Asian, European and Mexican), trainings (e.g., Buddhism, Yoga, Hinduism, Taoism, Christianity and other mindfulness traditions) and professional experiences. The data analysis of the interviews led to the development of the spiritual awakening evolution (SAE) model, explaining the process and evolution of spiritual awakening. According to this model, spiritual awakening evolves through four phases: an initial transient shift in perception, further practice to support spiritual development, surrendering and a continuous journey of spiritual development. As spiritual awakening experiences are transcultural, the SAE model can inform counsellors' understanding of clients' spiritual needs and the meanings of those experiences. Implications for counsellor practitioners, counsellor preparation programmes and research are discussed.
Color at the point of sale: Psychological and communicative implications
Authors: Martínez‐Sánchez María Eugenia , Nicolas‐Sans Ruben , Villoro Armengol Jordi , Bustos Díaz Javier 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe environment that surrounds a consumer when they are at a point of sale can influence them both psychologically and communicatively. In this sense, the study arises from the need to discover the capacity of influence that colors of the components of the commercial establishment (wall, floor, ceiling, and furniture) have. The aim is to determine whether these factors influence the psychological level (feeling of pleasantness, calmness, etc.) and the communicative experience received in stores. The quasi‐experimental methodology made it possible to study the impact of the independent variables (colors of the different components) on the dependent variables (psychological and communicative). For this purpose, two methods of measurement were constructed: a tool for the analysis of commercial establishments which allowed to establish patterns and a reception protocol capable of measuring both levels of influence of components and colors, by means of a reception test comprising of Level I (psychological) and Level II (communicative). This survey was applied to a total sample of 315 subjects. Overall, the study makes it possible to define which architectural components and colors stores should have in order to exert a certain perceptual influence on the subject. In general terms, this study reflects how the color of the different components of the space can influence the subject's primary perception of the establishment, with respect to the feeling of pleasantness, comfort, stimulation, calmness, security, spaciousness, formality, and warmth, as well as the perception of the quantity and quality of the information received and overall satisfaction and confidence.