bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the protection of influenza virus vaccines with BECC TLR4 adjuvant in aged mice
Authors: Haupt Robert , Baracco Lauren , Harberts Erin M. , Loganathan Madhumathi , Kerstetter Lucas J. , Krammer Florian , Coughlan Lynda , Ernst Robert K. , Frieman Matthew B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInfluenza A virus (IAV) is a leading cause of respiratory disease worldwide often resulting in severe morbidity and mortality. We have previously shown that the Bacterial Enzymatic Combinatorial Chemistry (BECC) adjuvants, BECC438 and BECC470, formulated with an influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) protein vaccine, offer greater protection from influenza virus challenge in mouse respiratory models using adult mice than standard HA:adjuvant combinations. In this study, we determined that immunization with HA + BECC adjuvants also significantly broadened the epitopes targeted on HA as compared with other adjuvants, resulting in increased titers of antibodies directed against the highly conserved HA stalk domain. Importantly, we demonstrate that BECC470 combined with an influenza virus HA protein antigen in a prime-only immunization regimen was able to achieve complete protection from challenge in a ~ 12-month-old mouse aged model. Together, this demonstrates the heightened protection provided by the BECC470 adjuvant in an influenza virus vaccine model and shows the enhanced immune response, as compared to other adjuvants elicited by the formulation of HA with BECC470.
Prolonged microgravity induces reversible and persistent changes on human cerebral connectivity
Authors: Jillings Steven , Pechenkova Ekaterina , Tomilovskaya Elena , Rukavishnikov Ilya , Jeurissen Ben , Van Ombergen Angelique , Nosikova Inna , Rumshiskaya Alena , Litvinova Liudmila , Annen Jitka , De Laet Chloë , Schoenmaekers Catho , Sijbers Jan , Petrovichev Victor , Sunaert Stefan , Parizel Paul M. , Sinitsyn Valentin , Eulenburg Peter zu , Laureys Steven , Demertzi Athena , Wuyts Floris L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe prospect of continued manned space missions warrants an in-depth understanding of how prolonged microgravity affects the human brain. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can pinpoint changes reflecting adaptive neuroplasticity across time. We acquired resting-state fMRI data of cosmonauts before, shortly after, and eight months after spaceflight as a follow-up to assess global connectivity changes over time. Our results show persisting connectivity decreases in posterior cingulate cortex and thalamus and persisting increases in the right angular gyrus. Connectivity in the bilateral insular cortex decreased after spaceflight, which reversed at follow-up. No significant connectivity changes across eight months were found in a matched control group. Overall, we show that altered gravitational environments influence functional connectivity longitudinally in multimodal brain hubs, reflecting adaptations to unfamiliar and conflicting sensory input in microgravity. These results provide insights into brain functional modifications occurring during spaceflight, and their further development when back on Earth.
Levofloxacin prophylaxis and parenteral nutrition have a detrimental effect on intestinal microbial networks in pediatric patients undergoing HSCT
Authors: Fabbrini Marco , D’Amico Federica , Leardini Davide , Muratore Edoardo , Barone Monica , Belotti Tamara , Forchielli Maria Luisa , Zama Daniele , Pession Andrea , Prete Arcangelo , Brigidi Patrizia , Rampelli Simone , Candela Marco , Turroni Silvia , Masetti Riccardo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe gut microbiome (GM) has shown to influence hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) outcome. Evidence on levofloxacin (LVX) prophylaxis usefulness before HSCT in pediatric patients is controversial and its impact on GM is poorly characterized. Post-HSCT parenteral nutrition (PN) is oftentimes the first-line nutritional support in the neutropenic phase, despite the emerging benefits of enteral nutrition (EN). In this exploratory work, we used a global-to-local networking approach to obtain a high-resolution longitudinal characterization of the GM in 30 pediatric HSCT patients receiving PN combined with LVX prophylaxis or PN alone or EN alone. By evaluating the network topology, we found that PN, especially preceded by LVX prophylaxis, resulted in a detrimental effect over the GM, with low modularity, poor cohesion, a shift in keystone species and the emergence of modules comprising several pathobionts, such as Klebsiella spp., [Ruminococcus] gnavus, Flavonifractor plautii and Enterococcus faecium. Our pilot findings on LVX prophylaxis and PN-related disruption of GM networks should be considered in patient management, to possibly facilitate prompt recovery/maintenance of a healthy and well-wired GM. However, the impact of LVX prophylaxis and nutritional support on short- to long-term post-HSCT clinical outcomes has yet to be elucidated.
Formaldehyde reacts with N-terminal proline residues to give bicyclic aminals
Authors: John Tobias , Pires Elisabete , Hester Svenja S. , Salah Eidarus , Hopkinson Richard J. , Schofield Christopher J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFormaldehyde (HCHO) is a potent electrophile that is toxic above threshold levels, but which is also produced in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells by demethylases. We report studies with the four canonical human histones revealing that histone H2B reacts with HCHO, including as generated by a histone demethylase, to give a stable product. NMR studies show that HCHO reacts with the N-terminal proline and associated amide of H2B to give a 5,5-bicyclic aminal that is relatively stable to competition with HCHO scavengers. While the roles of histone modification by this reaction require further investigation, we demonstrated the potential of N-terminal aminal formation to modulate protein function by conducting biochemical and cellular studies on the effects of HCHO on catalysis by 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase, which employs a nucleophilic N-terminal proline. The results suggest that reactions of N-terminal residues with HCHO and other aldehydes have potential to alter protein function.
An enhanced deep learning‐based phishing detection mechanism to effectively identify malicious URLs using variational autoencoders
Authors: Prabakaran Manoj Kumar , Meenakshi Sundaram Parvathy , Chandrasekar Abinaya Devi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhishing attacks have become one of the powerful sources for cyber criminals to impose various forms of security attacks in which fake website Uniform Resource Locators (URL) are circulated around the Internet community in the form of email, messages etc., in order to deceive users, resulting in the loss of their valuable assets. The phishing URLs are predicted using several blacklist‐based traditional phishing website detection techniques. However, numerous phishing websites are frequently constructed and launched on the Internet over time; these blacklist‐based traditional methods do not accurately predict most phishing websites. In order to effectively identify malicious URLs, an enhanced deep learning‐based phishing detection approach has been proposed by integrating the strength of Variational Autoencoders (VAE) and deep neural networks (DNN). In the proposed framework, the inherent features of a raw URL are automatically extracted by the VAE model by reconstructing the original input URL to enhance phishing URL detection. For experimentation, around 1 lakh URLs were crawled from two publicly available datasets, namely ISCX‐URL‐2016 dataset and Kaggle dataset. The experimental results suggested that the proposed model has reached a maximum accuracy of 97.45% and exhibits a quicker response time of 1.9 s, which is better when compared to all the other experimented models.
Efficacy of the argon plasma coagulation in patients with weight regain after gastric bypass: a randomized control trial
Authors: Gurian Gustavo Carvalho , Watanabe Lígia Moriguchi , Nonino Carla Barbosa , Barato Mariana , Ferreira-Julio Maysa Araújo , Arantes Francisco Alves , Sivieri Thiago , Noronha Natália Yumi , Souza Dorotéia Silva Rossi , Fernandes-Ferreira Rafael , Pinhel Marcela Augusta de Souza 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic procedure using argon plasma coagulation (APC) promotes a progressive reduction in gastrojejunal anastomosis diameter. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the APC in patients with weight regain in the postoperative periods of gastric bypass.
Patients and methods This was a randomized controlled trial conducted with 66 patients who were randomly assigned selected (using lottery method) and divided into two groups: study group (SG), 38 patients (APC treatment); and control group (CG), 28 patients (only endoscopy procedure). We considered 30 days,180 days, and one year as short-term, medium-term, and long-term, respectively. The parameters analyzed were total weight loss (TWL), excess weight loss (%EWL), total weight loss (%TWL), and reduction of weight regain (%RWR). Furthermore, a biopsy for neoplastic histological changes was carried out for the APC group. For statistical analysis, values of P < 0.05 were considered significant.
Results The %TWL and %RWR were higher in the SG in short, medium, and long terms, when compared to the same periods in the CG (P < 0.001). One year after follow-up, the final weight did not reach the statistical difference between groups. Biopsy performed in SG 1 year after APC did not reveal neoplastic histological changes.
Conclusions APC effectively treats weight regain after bariatric surgery in the short and medium-term. An important "new" weight gain was observed in the long-term, showing that obesity is a chronic disease that requires multidisciplinary and family care for life. Also, APC is a safe procedure with low adverse event rates.
Entwicklung der Insulintherapie in der pädiatrischen Diabetologie- Auswertung des DPV-Registers von 1995-2021
Authors: Flury Monika , Eckert Alexander , Datz Nicolin , Kapellen Thomas , Boettcher Claudia , Raile Klemens , Wolf Johannes , Rami-Merhar Birgit , Karges Beate , Neu Andreas , Holl Reinhard Walter 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Einsatz von Insulin zur Therapie des Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 beim Menschen hat vor 100
Jahren erstmals zum Überleben betroffener Patienten nach Manifestation der Erkrankung geführt.
War zuvor die Diagnose mit der Gewissheit verknüpft, dass es sich um eine unmittelbar
lebensbedrohliche Erkrankung handelt, wurde mit dem Einsatz des Hormons Insulin ab 1922 die
Perspektive eröffnet, den Verlauf der Erkrankung zu beeinflussen und die Prognose für die
Patienten damit zu verbessern.Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Analyse von 92366 Patienten eines pädiatrischen
Patientenkollektivs aus Deutschland, Österreich, Luxemburg und der Schweiz im Hinblick auf den
Einsatz der verschiedenen Insulinarten im Zeitraum 1995–2021.Der Anteil der Insulinanaloga stieg insbesondere seit dem Jahr 2000 stark an, auch da die
Nutzung von Insulinpumpen mit Analoginsulin im Vergleich zur intensivierten Insulintherapie
mit Pen für alle Altersgruppen deutlich anstieg. Bereits im Jahr 2010 betrug der Anteil der
Insulinanaloga in der Diabetestherapie bei Kindern insgesamt > 60 %.Im Jahr 2022 können Diabetologen auf mehr als zehn Insulinarten und mindestens fünf
verschiedene Therapieformen zur Behandlung des Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 zurückgreifen.
Iodide-Assisted Pd Catalysis as an Attractive Alternative to Rh Catalysis for the Industrially Relevant Isoselective Hydroformylation of Simple Aliphatic Alkenes
Authors: Dydio Paweł , Zhang Yang , Sigrist Michel , Martínez Sebastián , Bojanowski Jan , Antheaume Cyril , Granda Jarosław M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe hydroformylation of simple aliphatic alkenes, such as propylene, is one of the largest homogenous catalyzed processes in the chemical industry, producing over 10 million metric tons of different aldehydes each year. Typically, such processes are catalyzed by Co or Rh catalysts, yielding mostly linear aldehydes, such as n-butanal. However, the increasing demand for branched aldehydes, such as isobutanal, triggered further investigation to develop efficient isoselective protocols, which remain scarce. In this Synpacts article, we discuss our recent work on iodide-assisted Pd catalysis as an attractive alternative strategy for the development of isoselective methods. This article is presented considering the state of the art for Rh-catalyzed processes. Additionally, we discuss the limitations and challenges that need to be addressed in order to successfully transfer the technology to industry.1 Introduction2 State of the Art for the Isoselective Rh-Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Unbiased Aliphatic Alkenes2.1 Decomposition-Driven Isoselectivity2.2 Substrate-Dependent Isoselectivity2.3 Equiselective Catalysis2.4 Isoselective Rh Catalysts Bearing Small-Bite-Angle Ligands2.5 Isoselective Rh Catalyst Bearing a Tridentate Ligand2.6 Isoselective Catalysis Driven by Rh Encapsulation2.7 Isoselective Catalysis Driven by Specific Noncovalent Substrate–Ligand Interactions3 Pd-Catalyzed Isoselective Hydroformylation of Unbiased Aliphatic Alkenes3.1 Selectivity Patterns in Pd-Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Alkenes3.2 Unusual Iodide-Assisted Binuclear Pd(I)–Pd(I) Mechanism3.3 Development of Pd-Catalyzed Isoselective Hydroformylation of Unbiased Aliphatic Alkenes4 Conclusions and Outlook
D-Dimer and Fibrinogen Values according to the Localization of Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Mlačo Akif , Mlačo Nejra , Begić Edin , Mekić Mevludin , Džubur Alen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractD-dimer and fibrinogen are nonspecific diagnostic biomarkers for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The aim of this article was to present the values of D-dimer and fibrinogen in relation to the anatomical localization of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). This was an observational study, which included 1,142 patients hospitalized from 2010 to 2019 at the Department of Angiology, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo. Data on gender, age, and thrombosis location were collected of all patients. Fibrinogen and D-dimer values were available for 983 and 500 patients, respectively. Thrombosis location was classified as iliofemoral (521–45.6% patients), femoral–popliteal (486–42.6% patients), isolated calf DVT (63–5.5% patients), and upper extremity DVT (UEDVT in 72–6.3% patients). A majority, 448 (89.6%), of patients had high D-dimer (the cutoff is 0.55 mg/L) and 662 (67.3%) patients had high fibrinogen (reference range: 1.8–3.8 g/L).The highest D-dimer was detected in patients with iliofemoral DVT (mean: 10.48 mg/L), χ2 = 50.78, p = 0.00. The highest fibrinogen was detected in patients with iliofemoral DVT as well (mean 4.87 g/L), χ2 = 11.1, p = 0.01. D-dimer and fibrinogen values are significantly higher in patients iliofemoral DVT than femoral–popliteal and isolated calf DVT, and D-dimer values are significantly higher in lower extremity DVT than UEDVT, but these biomarkers cannot be used alone to discriminate between thrombosis locations. Further imaging is required.
Guanidinoacetate Methyltransferase Deficiency, a Treatable Neurodevelopmental Disorder
Authors: Aghamollaii Vajiheh , Meshkat Shakila , Bakhtiari Somayeh , Alehabib Elham , Firouzabadi Saghar Ghasemi , Molaei Samira , Kruer Michael C. , Darvish Hossein 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGuanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency is an autosomal recessive inborn error of creatine synthesis that results in intellectual disability, epilepsy, expressive language delay, and dystonia. We report data from two siblings with an uncommon GAMT deficiency phenotype and their clinical, biochemical, imaging, and treatment findings. The older sibling had intellectual disability, epilepsy, and generalized dystonia. The younger sibling had intellectual disability and generalized dystonia. After treatment with creatine, verbal fluency improved, as well as dystonia and aggression. This study confirms that in patients with unexplained intellectual disability, epilepsy, and/or movement disorders, GAMT deficiency should be considered. GAMT-associated cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome is a potentially treatable condition and can be identified by elevated levels of guanidinoacetate in plasma or urine or by a significantly decreased creatine peak on magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Acceptance and Tolerability of Helmet CPAP in Pediatric Bronchiolitis and Pneumonia: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Smith Michele E. , Gray Meghan , Wilson Patrick T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractContinuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a form of noninvasive ventilation used to support pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections. Traditional CPAP interfaces have been associated with inadequate seal, mucocutaneous injury, and aerosolization of infectious particles. The helmet interface may be advantageous given its ability to create a complete seal, avoid skin breakdown, and decrease aerosolization of viruses. We aim to measure tolerability and safety in a pediatric population in the United States and ascertain feedback from parents and health care providers. We performed a prospective, open-label, single-armed feasibility study to assess tolerability and safety of helmet CPAP. Pediatric patients 1 month to 5 years of age admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with pulmonary infections who were on CPAP for at least 2 hours were eligible. The primary outcome was percentage of patients tolerating helmet CPAP for 4 hours. Secondary measures included the rate of adverse events and change in vital signs. Qualitative feedback was obtained from families, nurses, and respiratory therapists. Five patients were enrolled and 100% tolerated helmet CPAP the full 4-hour study period. No adverse events or significant vital sign changes were observed. All family members preferred to continue the helmet interface, nursing staff noted it made cares easier, and respiratory therapists felt the set up was easy. Helmet CPAP in pediatric patients is well-tolerated, safe, and accepted by medical staff and families in the United States future randomized controlled trials measuring its effectiveness compared with traditional CPAP interfaces are needed.
Axial vs equatorial: Capturing the intramolecular charge transfer state geometry in conformational polymorphic crystals of a donor–bridge–acceptor dyad in nanosecond-time-scale
Authors: Basuroy Krishnayan , Velazquez-Garcia Jose de J. , Storozhuk Darina , Henning Robert , Gosztola David J. , Thekku Veedu Sreevidya , Techert Simone 
Published: January 2023

Two conformational polymorphs of a donor–bridge–acceptor (D-B-A) dyad, p-(CH3)2N-C6H4-(CH2)2-(1-pyrenyl)/PyCHDMA, were studied, where the electron donor (D) moiety p-(CH3)2N-C6H4/DMA is connected through a bridging group (B), –CH2–CH2–, to the electron acceptor (A) moiety pyrene. Though molecular dyads like PyCHDMA have the potential to change solar energy into electrical current through the process of photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), the major challenge is the real-time investigation of the photoinduced ICT process in crystals, necessary to design solid-state optoelectronic materials. The time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) measurements with the single crystals showed that the ICT state lifetime of the thermodynamic form, PyCHDMA1 (pyrene and DMA: axial), is ∼3 ns, whereas, for the kinetic form, PyCHDMA20 (pyrene and DMA: equatorial), it is ∼7 ns, while photoexcited with 375 nm radiation. The polymorphic crystals were photo-excited and subsequently probed with a pink Laue x-ray beam in time-resolved x-ray diffraction (TRXRD) measurements. The TRXRD results suggest that in the ICT state, due to electron transfer from the tertiary N-atom in DMA moiety to the bridging group and pyrene moiety, a decreased repulsion between the lone-pair and the bond-pair at N-atom induces planarity in the C–N–(CH3)2 moiety, in both polymorphs. The Natural Bond Orbital calculations and partial atomic charge analysis by Hirshfeld partitioning also corroborated the same. Although the interfragment charge transfer (IFCT) analysis using the TDDFT results showed that for the charge transfer excitation in both conformers, the electrons were transferred from the DMA moiety to mostly the pyrene moiety, the bridging group has little role to play in that.
Grammar (morphosyntax) and discourse
Authors: Tsunoda Tasaku 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The present work attempts to examine the relationship between grammar and discourse. (i) First, it compares
Warrongo (an ergative language that has antipassives and an S/O pivot) and English (an accusative language that has passives and
an S/A pivot). Despite these polar opposite morphosyntactic characteristics, Warrongo and English behave almost in the same way in
discourse – in terms of new mentions, lexical mentions and topic continuity. There are, however, two differences in discourse.
First, Warrongo antipassives and S/O pivot have much higher functional loads than English passives and S/A pivot. Second, Warrongo
antipassives have a use that English passives do not have. (ii) Then, the present work shows that grammar and discourse are not
independent of each other and that they share one principle. The hierarchy of “O > S > A” is attested in grammar and
discourse crosslinguistically and irrespective of the morphosyntactic types of the languages concerned.
The distortions of the free water model for diffusion MRI data when assuming single compartment relaxometry and proton density
Authors: Ferizi Uran , Müller-Oehring Eva M , Peterson Eric T , Pohl Kilian M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. To document the bias of the simplified free water model of diffusion MRI (dMRI) signal vis-à-vis a specific model which, in addition to diffusion, incorporates compartment-specific proton density (PD), T1 recovery during repetition time (TR), and T2 decay during echo time (TE). Approach. Both models assume that volume fraction f of the total signal in any voxel arises from the free water compartment (fw) such as cerebrospinal fluid or edema, and the remainder (1-f) from hindered water (hw) which is constrained by cellular structures such as white matter (WM). The specific and simplified models are compared on a synthetic dataset, using a range of PD, T1 and T2 values. We then fit the models to an in vivo healthy brain dMRI dataset. For both synthetic and in vivo data we use experimentally feasible TR, TE, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and physiologically plausible diffusion profiles. Main results. From the simulations we see that the difference between the estimated simplified f and specific f is largest for mid-range ground-truth f, and it increases as SNR increases. The estimation of volume fraction f is sensitive to the choice of model, simplified or specific, but the estimated diffusion parameters are robust to small perturbations in the simulation. Specific f is more accurate and precise than simplified f. In the white matter (WM) regions of the in vivo images, specific f is lower than simplified f. Significance. In dMRI models for free water, accounting for compartment specific PD, T1 and T2, in addition to diffusion, improves the estimation of model parameters. This extra model specification attenuates the estimation bias of compartmental volume fraction without affecting the estimation of other diffusion parameters.