bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opening mathematics texts: A critical discourse analysis of probability problems in mathematics textbook
Authors: Bustang Bustang 
Published: May 2023

[English]: This article investigates the nature of probability problems presented in mathematics textbook using the socio-political perspective and critical discourse analysis drawn from well-known critical linguists Norman Fairclough. Specifically, the paper analyzed how the students are positioned by the problems presented in the text, to find out the role of authors and student readers, and to gain insight about the possible consequences for students. Drawing on Fairclough's three-dimensional model for critical discourse analysis as a framework for studying the relationship between the written text of probability problems in the textbook, the associated discursive practices, and the social practice to which the discursive practices form part, the article argues that the textbook authors tend to be authoritative by directing students about what to do and how to do the probability (mathematical) activities. The analysis also shows that the use of real-word problems in the text points out the attempts of the authors to present the probability concepts more relevant and accessible to the student readers. The article demonstrates the usefulness of Fairclough's three-dimensional model as a framework for analyzing probability problems presented in the mathematics textbook.
[Bahasa]: Artikel ini menyelidiki sifat masalah peluang yang disajikan dalam buku teks matematika dengan menggunakan perspektif sosio-politik dan analisis wacana kritis yang diambil dari ahli bahasa kritis terkenal Norman Fairclough. Secara khusus, makalah ini menganalisis bagaimana siswa diposisikan oleh masalah yang disajikan dalam teks, untuk mengetahui peran penulis dan siswa sebagai pembaca, serta untuk mendapatkan wawasan tentang konsekuensi yang mungkin terjadi pada siswa. Merujuk pada model tiga dimensi Fairclough untuk analisis wacana kritis sebagai kerangka kerja untuk mempelajari hubungan antara teks tertulis dari masalah peluang dalam buku teks, praktik diskursif yang terkait, dan praktik sosial yang merupakan bagian dari praktik diskursif, artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa penulis buku teks cenderung otoriter dengan mengarahkan siswa tentang apa yang harus dilakukan dan bagaimana melakukan kegiatan berkaitan dengan konsep peluang (matematika). Analisis juga menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan masalah berbasis kehidupan sehari-hari dalam teks menunjukkan upaya penulis untuk menyajikan konsep peluang yang lebih relevan dan dapat diakses oleh siswa. Artikel ini menunjukkan kegunaan model tiga dimensi Fairclough sebagai kerangka kerja untuk menganalisis masalah peluang yang disajikan dalam buku teks matematika.
The contribution of the hidden curriculum to gender inequality in teaching and learning materials: Experiences from Tanzania
Authors: Losioki Bertha Erasto , Mdee Hemed Karani 
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to examine the contribution of the hidden curriculum to gender inequality in teaching and learning materials. Despite the efforts to have an official curriculum through school textbooks and learning materials. The hidden curriculum continued to encourage gender inequality through teaching and learning materials. The study examined the content and portrayal of males and females in primary school social studies textbooks. The study used a qualitative research approach and the documentary review method was used to gather information from books, published articles, and policy documents. The findings show that there was an improvement in addressing gender inequality in textbooks and learning materials. The findings show that the visibility and representation of females in textbooks have increased. However, gender roles were portrayed in stereotypical ideas and images that encourage gender bias. The study concluded that teaching and learning materials encourage a hidden curriculum that facilitates the underrepresentation of females and males in textbooks. Therefore, the Government in collaboration with the relevant authorities should ensure that the development of teaching and learning materials considers gender-responsive content and gender balance in role allocation. There is a need to increase awareness among reviewers and book authors on gender sensitivity in the preparation of teaching and learning materials in order to ensure adherence to gender equality principles.
Potential Bioactive Compounds of Melastoma malabathricium Leaf Extract in Feed on Growth Performance and Survival Rate of Tilapia Fry in Brackish Water
Authors: Kasnir Muhammad , Khairun Nisaa  , Darmawan Agria Budi , Farizah Nuril , Sudrajat Iman 
Published: May 2023

Tilapia fish have a salinity tolerance of 0 to 10 ppt. However, the increase in salinity causes a decrease in the growth rate of these fish. In addition, the rapid maturation of the gonads causes this fish to experience a slowdown in growth. This study aimed to know the effect of giving Melastoma malabathricum extract on the growth performance of tilapia fry reared in brackish water. The study consisted of treatment with 0, 1, 3, and 6 g/kg of feed with three replications of M. malabathricum leaf extract. M. malabathricum leaf extract was mixed in feed with a CMC concentration of 2%. Feed is given as much as 3% body weight twice a day. Observations of growth performance were carried out every seven days, and the amount of feed was readjusted based on the results of sampling fish weight. The study was conducted for 70 days using brackish water with a salinity of 8 ppt. Based on the study results, it was found that the highest growth of tilapia fry at the end of the study was found in the treatment of 1 g/kg feed. The same thing was also found in measuring feed efficiency, survival, and specific growth rate. It indicated that the best concentration of M. malabathricum leaf extract in supporting the growth performance of tilapia fry was 1 g/kg feed.
Bacillus licheniformis – A Perspective for Medical Applications Producer of Variety of Antimicrobial Substances Including Antimycobacterials
Authors: Shleeva Margarita , Kondrateva Daria , Kaprelyants Arseny 
Published: May 2023

Bacillus licheniformis produce several classes of antimicrobial substances which are mainly either peptides or proteins. Among of them bacteriocins - peptides or proteins of different structural composition including synthesized by bacteria ribosomally; non-ribosomally synthesized peptides and cyclic lipopeptides; exopolysaccharides. Different representatives of these classes act against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, fungal pathogens and amoebae cells. In this review, a detailed classification of antimicrobial substances produced by B. licheniformis based on their chemical structure and mode of the synthesis and activity is presented. For some (rather limited number) of secreted antimicrobials mechanism of their harmful effect on the target cells is established, however, for many of them it remains unknown. The antimicrobial activity for most substances was studied in vitro only, however some substances were characterized in vivo and are found practical applications in medicine and veterinary. The cyclic lipopeptides with surfactant properties are applied in industry.
In this review, a special attention on antimycobacterials produced by B. licheniformis is made as a possible approach to combat multidrug resistant and latent tuberculosis. Indeed, a number of peptides and proteins revealed strong antimycobacterial activity. However, medical application of some bacteriocins with promising in vitro antimycobacterial activity is limited by their toxicity for animals and humans. In this connection, similarly with the enhancement of the antimycobacterial activity of natural bacteriocins using genetic engineering, reduction of the toxicity by the same approach looks feasible.
A unique capability of B. licheniformis to synthesize and produce a bouquet of different antibacterial compounds allow to consider this organism as a universal natural vehicle for antibiotic substances in form of probiotic cultures strains to combat various types of pathogens including mycobacteria.
Analisis Pembuktian oleh Penuntut Umum Atas Putusan Tindak Pidana Perbankan Pencatatan Palsu
Authors: Krishnugraha Hilkia Dimas 
Published: May 2023

<p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari solusi atas tindak pidana pencatatan palsu berdasarkan Pasal 184 ayat (1) KUHAP. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat preskriptif dan terapan. Pendekatan penelitian hukum ini adalah pendekatan kasus. Bahan hukum yang digunakan terdiri dari bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis bahan hukum yang digunakan dalam penulisan hukum ini adalah metode silogisme dengan menggunakan pola pikir deduktif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembuktian perkara tindak pidana penipuan perbankan yang tertuang dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Makassar Nomor 1124/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Mks, sesuai dengan Pasal 184 ayat (1) KUHAP. karena pendekatan umum telah menghadirkan alat – alat bukti yang sah yaitu keterangan dan keterangan, serta barang sebagai alat bukti pendukung. </p><p>Kata kunci: Bukti; Kejahatan Perbankan; Membuktikan </p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> This study aims to find a solution to the crime of false registration under Article 184 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Procedure Code. The type of research used is normative legal research that is prescriptive and applied. This legal research approach is a case approach. The legal materials used consist of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials used is literature study. The legal material analysis technique used in writing this law is the syllogism method using a deductive mindset. The results of this study indicate that the proof of the fraudulent banking crime case contained in the Makassar District Court Decision Number 1124/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Mks, is in accordance with Article 184 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Procedure Code because the general approach has presented tools - valid evidence, namely information and information, as well as goods as supporting evidence.</p><p>Keywords: Prove; Evidence; Banking Crime</p>
Pengolahan Sampah untuk Mengurangi Sampah di Kelurahan Pamulang Barat, Kecamatan Pamulang, Kota Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Anggraeni Retno , Sucahyanto  
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan, menganalisis sistem pengelolaan, pemilahan sampah yang dilakukandi TPS3RR dalam mengurangi beban pengolahan sampah di TPA dengan mengurangi timbulan sampah dari sumbernya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2021 sampai dengan Januari 2022. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif Informan kunci dalam penelitian ini adalah Ketua, sekretaris dan pengangkut sampah TPS3R Flamboyan; Sedangkan informan pendukung yaitu penduduk RW 020 sebagai anggota bank sampah atau pemilik rumah yang dilayani bank sampah. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan interview (wawancara) dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tujuan dibentuknya program bank sampah dan Tempat Pengelolaan Sampah Reduce, Reuse, Recycle TPS3R adalah mengurangi beban pengolahan sampah Di TPA dengan mengurangi timbulan sampah dari sumbernya kenyataanya belum berjalan maksimal. Banyak bank sampah maupun TPS3R hanya menjadi lokasi penumpukan atau hanya sebagai tempat transit sampah, hanya dibuang ke TPA tidak ada proses pengolahan maupun pemilahan sampah. Setiap harinya penyumbang sampah terbanyak adalah sampah organik yaitu sampah sisa makanan yang kemudian diolah menjadi kompos dan beberapa komoditas lainnya dari hasil olahan sampah. Ksm Flamboyan memilki dua unit kendaraan bermotor pengakut sampah, mulai pukul 08:00-10;00 para petugas mengambil sampah dari rumah ke rumah setelah diambil sampah akan dipilahdi TPS3RR Flamboyan. Hasil kompos akan dibagi kepada masyarakat untuk pupuk tanaman dan bahan rongsokan akan dijual kembali kepada pengepul.
BANK RESILIENCE AND POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS: DO BANKING BUSINESS MODELS MATTER?
Authors: Azmi Wajahat , Ali Mohsin , Islam ‪Muhammad Umar 
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates the effect of political institutions on bank stability of dual banking countries. Applying the two-step GMM approach to a panel sample of Islamic and conventional banks from 2005 to 2020, we arrive at the following results. First, we observe that the quality of political institutions leads to more stable banking system, which is in line with the view that quality political institutions improve the transparency, thereby reducing adverse selection and leading to overall improvement in the banking stability. Second, when we look at components of political institutions, we document the significance of the voice and accountability dimension in enhancing bank stability. Finally, as a side result, we find evidence that competition leads to stability for Islamic banks. These findings are robust to several robustness tests. The implications of our findings are provided in the paper.
Multi-Modal Sample Preparation and Imaging Protocol for Nano-to-mesoscopic Mapping of Cellular Inhabitants in Diverse Tissue Compartments, Across Organ Systems
Authors: Ngo Lucy , Tate Melissa L. Knothe 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This protocol is designed to provide guidelines for preparation of samples that exceed typical sizes
used for standard microscopy protocols, expanding the methodologies and associated opportunities
for multimodal and correlative imaging to enable nano-to-mesoscopic mapping of cellular inhabitants
of diverse tissue compartments, across organ systems and length scales. We optimize and validate
specimen preparation protocols enabling multimodal and correlative imaging, LSM and scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), of large specimens of vertebrate animal origin. This protocol enables a
streamlined yet flexible approach to specimen preparation of large tissue samples (up to 10cm in
diameter). We take a novel approach to materials standard to EM, AFM, and confocal microscopy
specimen preparation, visualizing large fields of view without the need for heavy metal staining. The
protocol provides a platform for study of structure-function relationships across length scales, from
subcellular, cellular, tissue, to organ system. It is ideal for studies involving tissue specimens from
human or vertebrate animal models of human health and disease.
Quantifying how single dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine efficacy depends on Spike sequence features
Authors: Magaret Craig , Li Li , deCamp Allan , Rolland Morgane , Juraska Michal , Williamson Brian , Ludwig James , Molitor Cindy , Benkeser David , Luedtke Alex , Simpkins Brian , Carpp Lindsay , Bai Hongjun , Dearlove Bethany , Greninger Alexander , Roychoudhury Pavitra , Sadoff Jerald , Gray Glenda , Roels Sanne , Vandebosch An , Stieh Daniel , Gars Mathieu Le , Vingerhoets Johan , Grinsztejn Beatriz , Goepfert Paul , Truyers Carla , Dromme Ilse Van , Swann Edith , Marovich Mary , Follmann Dean , Neuzil Kathleen , Corey Lawrence , Hyrien Ollivier , de Sousa Leonardo Paiva , Casapia Martin , Losso Marcelo , Little Susan , Gaur Aditya , Bekker Linda-Gail , Garrett Nigel , Heng Fei , Sun Yanqing , Gilbert Peter 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
It is of interest to pinpoint SARS-CoV-2 sequence features defining vaccine resistance. In the ENSEMBLE randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, estimated single-dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine efficacy (VE) was 56% against moderate to severe–critical COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 Spike sequences were measured from 484 vaccine and 1,067 placebo recipients who acquired COVID-19 during the trial. In Latin America, where Spike diversity was greatest, VE was significantly lower against Lambda than against Reference and against all non-Lambda variants [family-wise error rate (FWER) p < 0.05]. VE also differed by residue match vs. mismatch to the vaccine-strain residue at 16 amino acid positions (4 FWER p < 0.05; 12 q-value ≤ 0.20). VE significantly decreased with physicochemical-weighted Hamming distance to the vaccine-strain sequence for Spike, receptor-binding domain, N-terminal domain, and S1 (FWER p < 0.001); differed (FWER ≤ 0.05) by distance to the vaccine strain measured by 9 different antibody-epitope escape scores and by 4 NTD neutralization-impacting features; and decreased (p = 0.011) with neutralization resistance level to vaccine recipient sera. VE against severe–critical COVID-19 was stable across most sequence features but lower against viruses with greatest distances. These results help map antigenic specificity of in vivo vaccine protection.
Water Allocation in Multi-Purpose and Multi-Year Reservoir using Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Margini Nastasia Festy , Damarnegara Satria , Anwar Nadjadji , Yusop Zulkifli 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Multi-Year Reservoir Operation Model (MYROM) is developed to optimize water allocation in multi-purpose and multi-year reservoir. It is based on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) method to solve non-linear optimization with several objectives. It used the water availability in the reservoir and optimize its distribution to minimize the water shortage. A weighted priority for each type of water usage is obtained from the model following the ACO optimization method. The model is tested in the multi-purpose Wonorejo Reservoir in East Java, Indonesia which is used for irrigation, hydropower, domestic and industrial water. The simulation was performed using historical water availability and usage from 2003 to 2021. The simulation results show that the MYROM model is successful in allocating water by minimizing the shortage of required water compared to the existing reservoir operation. Therefore, it can be used as a practical measure to improve reservoir water allocation operation planning. Indeed, the performance of the model for future water allocation planning depends on the prediction of water availability data.
Sequential pembrolizumab cooperates with platinum/5FU to remodel the tumor immune microenvironment in advanced gastric cancer: A phase II chemoimmunotherapy trial
Authors: Klempner Samuel , Lee Jeeyun , Mehta Arnav , An Minae , Min Byung Hoon , Heo You Jeong , Parikh Milan , Bi Lynn , Cristescu Razvan , Lee Hyuk , Kim Taejun , Lee Song-Yi , Moon Jeonghyeon , Park Ryan , Strickland Matthew , Park Woong-Yang , Kang Won Ki , Kim Kyoung-Mee , Kim Seung Tae 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Adding anti-PD1 antibodies to 5-FU/platinum chemotherapy improves survival in a subset of advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) patients. Beyond PD-L1 expression and mismatch repair status we have limited insight into molecular predictors of response, or the relative contribution of PD-1 blockade. We conducted an investigator sponsored phase II trial (n = 47) sequentially adding pembrolizumab to standard 5-FU/platinum in previously untreated advanced GEA (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04249739). With an overall response rate of 67% the activity paralleled phase III chemoimmunotherapy trials. To understand on-treatment tumor and immune adaptations patients underwent serial biopsy of the primary tumor, including baseline, after one cycle of 5-FU/platinum, and after the addition of pembrolizumab. We leveraged transcriptional profiling from 358,067 cells to identify multicellular networks of malignant, stromal, and immune cells after chemotherapy and concurrent chemoimmunotherapy. The relative usage of pro-tumor and anti-tumor interaction hubs differed between fast and slow progressing patients. Chemotherapy induced early on-treatment formation of hubs centered on tumor-reactive T-cell and M1-oriented macrophage interactions with pro-inflammatory cytokines in slow progressors. Faster progression was characterized by increased MUC5A and MSLN containing programs in tumor cells and M2-oriented macrophages with immunosuppressive stromal interactions. After adding pembrolizumab we observed increased CD8 T-cell infiltration by scRNAseq and multiplex immunofluorescence and development of an immunity hub involving co-variation of the tumor-reactive CXCL13 program and epithelial interferon-stimulated gene programs enriched in slow progressors. Together this data provides prospective evidence of differential early on-treatment evolution of the gastric immune microenvironment and nominates candidate cellular interactions for clinical targeting.
Multifaceted Precarity: Pandemic Experiences of Recent Immigrant Women in the Accommodation and Food Services Sector
Authors: Mũrage Alice , Smith Julia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected those who face historical and ongoing marginalization. In centering pandemic experience of recent immigrant women in the accommodation and food services sector in Canada, we examine how their precarious work translated to experiences of work precarity and wellbeing. This paper illuminates how pre-existing and ongoing marginalization are reproduced during a health crisis for those at the intersection of gender, race, migration, and labour inequities. Using semi-structured interviews and systematic analysis using the Work Precarity Framework, we found that the pandemic exacerbated pre-existing socio-economic marginalization and resulted in unique experiences of work precarity. The latter was experienced as precarity of work (unpredictable work hours and job or employment insecurity), precarity from work (inadequate incomes), and precarity at work (physical, psychological, and relational unsafety). Work precarity stood out as a social determinant of health in relation to its outcome of degraded mental health and wellbeing. Recognizing the role of policies in producing, reproducing, and distributing precarity, we recommend policy directions to reduce social inequities in pandemic recovery.