bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gramsci, Antonio (1891–1937)
Authors: Dworkin Dennis 
Published: February 2023

Antonio Gramsci is among the most influential political and cultural theorists of the twentieth century and one of the most important Marxists. Born in Sardinia, he helped found the Italian Communist Party in 1921, became its leader in 1924, and was sent to prison by the fascist regime in 1926, where he spent the rest of his life.
During his lifetime, Gramsci was known as a journalist, revolutionary, and opponent of fascism. Following the Second World War, his fame spread with the gradual publication of his prison writings: all 3,000 pages of The Prison Notebooks, and more than 500 Prison Letters written to friends and family members.
Continuous Functions on Final Comodels of Free Algebraic Theories
Authors: Yoshida Tomoya 
Published: February 2023

In 2009, Ghani, Hancock and Pattinson gave a tree-like representation of stream processors $A^{\mathbb{N}} \rightarrow B^{\mathbb{N}}$. In 2021, Garner showed that this representation can be established in terms of algebraic theory and comodels: the set of infinite streams $A^{\mathbb{N}}$ is the final comodel of the algebraic theory of $A$-valued input $\mathbb{T}_A$ and the set of stream processors $\mathit{Top}(A^{\mathbb{N}},B^{\mathbb{N}})$ can be seen as the final $\mathbb{T}_A$-$\mathbb{T}_B$-bimodel. In this paper, we generalize Garner's results to the case of free algebraic theories.Comment: 17 pages
Revisiting Decidable Bounded Quantification, via Dinaturality
Authors: Laird James 
Published: February 2023

We use a semantic interpretation to investigate the problem of defining an expressive but decidable type system with bounded quantification. Typechecking in the widely studied System Fsub is undecidable thanks to an undecidable subtyping relation, for which the culprit is the rule for subtyping bounded quantification. Weaker versions of this rule, allowing decidable subtyping, have been proposed. One of the resulting type systems (Kernel Fsub) lacks expressiveness, another (System Fsubtop) lacks the minimal typing property and thus has no evident typechecking algorithm. We consider these rules as defining distinct forms of bounded quantification, one for interpreting type variable abstraction, and the other for type instantiation. By giving a semantic interpretation for both in terms of unbounded quantification, using the dinaturality of type instantiation with respect to subsumption, we show that they can coexist within a single type system. This does have the minimal typing property and thus a simple typechecking procedure. We consider the fragments of this unified type system over types which contain only one form of bounded quantifier. One of these is equivalent to Kernel Fsub, while the other can type strictly more terms than System Fsubtop but the same set of beta-normal terms. We show decidability of typechecking for this fragment, and thus for System Fsubtop typechecking of beta-normal terms.Comment: In Mathematical Semantics of Programming Languages (MFPS) '22
Free Commutative Monoids in Homotopy Type Theory
Authors: Choudhury Vikraman , Fiore Marcelo 
Published: February 2023

We develop a constructive theory of finite multisets in Homotopy Type Theory, defining them as free commutative monoids. After recalling basic structural properties of the free commutative-monoid construction, we formalise and establish the categorical universal property of two, necessarily equivalent, algebraic presentations of free commutative monoids using 1-HITs. These presentations correspond to two different equational theories invariably including commutation axioms. In this setting, we prove important structural combinatorial properties of finite multisets. These properties are established in full generality without assuming decidable equality on the carrier set. As an application, we present a constructive formalisation of the relational model of classical linear logic and its differential structure. This leads to constructively establishing that free commutative monoids are conical refinement monoids. Thereon we obtain a characterisation of the equality type of finite multisets and a new presentation of the free commutative-monoid construction as a set-quotient of the list construction. These developments crucially rely on the commutation relation of creation/annihilation operators associated with the free commutative-monoid construction seen as a combinatorial Fock space.Comment: Appeared in MFPS'22
Bi-invariance for Uniform Strategies on Event Structures
Authors: Paquet Hugo 
Published: February 2023

A recurring problem in game semantics is to enforce uniformity in strategies. Informally, a strategy is uniform when the Player's behaviour does not depend on the particular indexing of moves chosen by the Opponent. In game semantics, uniformity is used to define a resource modality !, that can be exploited for the semantics of programming languages. In this paper we give a new account of uniformity for strategies on event structures. This work is inspired by an older idea due to Melli\`es, that uniformity should be expressed as &quot;bi-invariance&quot; with respect to two interacting group actions. We explore the algebraic foundations of bi-invariance, adapt this idea to the language of event structures and define a general notion of uniform strategy in this context. Finally we revisit an existing approach to uniformity, and show how this arises as a special case of our constructions.Comment: Proceedings of MFPS 2022 (Final version)
Emotional Intelligence and Mental Health of College Students
Authors: Dr. Sudhakar Shivaji Jadhav  
Published: February 2023

For the study of Emotional Intelligence and Mental health, sample randomly selected 100 College Students (50 boys & 50 girls) from various places in Raigad districts- (Mahad, Poladpur, Mangaon). The Emotional intelligence inventory of Dr. Mangal and S. Mangal and Mental Health Test of Dr. Singh and Dr. Gupta have been taken solved from these selected students. By Considering have hypotheses and variables, Various statistical techniques such as mean, standard deviation, t-value and ‘r’ used for analysis.	The conclusion is that the factors of Mental health such as emotional intelligence, emotional stability, security, insecurity, self-concept, and intelligence are better in girls than boys; the factor over all adjustment is better in boys. Mental health is better than emotional intelligence, emotional intelligence and mental health have positive co-relation.
Microphysical processes of super typhoon Lekima (2019) and their impacts on polarimetric radar remote sensing of precipitation
Authors: Gou Yabin , Chen Haonan , Zhu Hong , Xue Lulin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The complex precipitation microphysics associated with super
typhoon Lekima (2019) and its potential impacts on the consistency of
multi-source datasets and radar quantitative precipitation estimation were
disentangled using a suite of in situ and remote sensing observations around
the waterlogged area in the groove windward slope (GWS) of Yandang Mountain (YDM)
and Kuocang Mountain, China. The main findings include the following: (i) the quality control processing for radar and disdrometers, which collect raindrop size distribution (DSD) data, effectively enhances the self-consistency between radar measurements, such as radar
reflectivity (ZH), differential reflectivity (ZDR), and the specific
differential phase (KDP), as well as the consistency between radar, disdrometers,
and gauges. (ii) The microphysical processes, in which breakup overwhelms
coalescence in the coalescence–breakup balance of precipitation particles,
noticeably make radar measurements prone to be breakup-dominated in radar
volume gates, which accounts for the phenomenon where the high number
concentration rather than the large size of drops contributes more to a given
attenuation-corrected ZH (ZHC) and the significant
deviation of attenuation-corrected ZDR (ZDRC) from
its expected values (Z^DR) estimated by DSD-simulated
ZDR–ZH relationships. (iii) The twin-parameter radar rainfall estimates
based on measured ZH (ZHM) and ZDR
(ZDRM), and their corrected counterparts
ZHC and ZDRC, i.e.,
R(ZHM, ZDRM) and
R(ZHC, ZDRC), both tend
to overestimate rainfall around the GWS of YDM, mainly ascribed to the
unique microphysical process in which the breakup-dominated small-sized
drops above transition to the coalescence-dominated large-sized drops
falling near the surface. (iv) The improved performance of
R(ZHC, Z^DR) is attributed to
the utilization of Z^DR, which equals physically
converting breakup-dominated measurements in radar volume gates to their
coalescence-dominated counterparts, and this also benefits from the better
self-consistency between ZHC, Z^DR, and KDP,
as well as their consistency with the surface counterparts.
The Relationship of Stimulation By People To The Development Of Toddlers: Literature Review
Authors: Nurherliyany Metty , Rahayu Yuyun , Yogari Agiv 
Published: February 2023

Background: Development (development) is a change that is quantitative and qualitative. Development is the increase (skill) structure and function of the body that is more complex, in a regular and predictable pattern. Stimulation of development is very important in child development and is the forerunner of the learning process of children in the form of educating and training. Children who get targeted and regular stimulation will develop faster than children who are less stimulated. the act of providing stimulation to the child is to help the child achieve the optimal level of development or as expected.
Objective: To determine the effect of elderly exercise on pain scale in patients with rheumatoid arthritis at the Ciamis Public Health Center
Method: The method used in this literature review is a search sourced from an electronic data base including DOAJ and Google Scholar from 2015-2020 using 15 journals related to parent stimulation, toddler development, the relationship of parent stimula to the development of a toddler. The results of the literature review indicate that there is a relationship between parent stimula on the development of a toddler.
Result: The results of the literature review indicate that there is a relationship between parent stimula on the development of a toddler. Based on 15 analyzed journals obtained by researchers, stated that growth stimulation is a factor influencing toddler development. The interaction between the environment and stimuli can help the brain develop neurological structures.
Conclusion: Based on studies from all journals, it states that there is a relationship of stimulation provided by parents to toddlers on their development
Effect Of Prenatal Yoga On Third Trimester Pregnant Women’s to Reduce Anxiety
Authors: Taviyanda Dian , Richard Selvia David , Filipus Agnes Martha 
Published: February 2023

Objective : Forms of anxiety experienced by third trimester mothers include doubts about being able to give birth normally, smooth delivery, fear of not being able to withstand the pain experienced during childbirth, condition of the baby being born, delivery not as desired, condition of the mother after giving birth, indirectly met her baby after giving birth, and received less attention from those around her. Prenatal Yoga is a non-pharmacological therapy in reducing anxiety in pregnant women. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of prenatal yoga in reducing anxiety in third trimester pregnant women in Bangsal RW 2 Kediri.
Method : The method used in this study was experimental. The study population was third trimester pregnant women. The number of samples in the study was 35 respondents. This research uses purposive sampling. The variables used were prenatal yoga and anxiety. Researchers used a measuring instrument in the form of an Anxiety Scale for Pregnant (ASP) questionnaire.
Result : The results of the research on anxiety in third trimester pregnant women before being given heavy prenatal yoga were 25 respondents (71.4%), after being given prenatal yoga anxiety in third trimester mild pregnant women were 32 respondents (91.4%) with Wilcoxon test results p = 0.000.
Conclusion : The conclusion of this study is that prenatal yoga is very effective in reducing anxiety in third trimester pregnant women.
Locoregional Anesthesia for Major Abdominal Surgeries during COVID-19 Outbreak: An Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Basukala Sunil , Mishra Raveesh , Raj Gautam Alok , Basukala Bikram , Karki Saurav 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Locoregional Anesthesia (LA) has many benefits over general anaesthesia in major abdominal surgeries with high risks including avoidance of endotracheal intubation thus avoiding aerosol contamination during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed among patients undergone major abdominal surgery under loco regional anesthesia during April 2019 and March 2020 in 750 bedded tertiary care hospital during COVID- 19 pandemic. In all cases, locoregional anesthesia (spinal, epidural, or combined spinal-epidural anesthesia) was performed. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were monitored and was analyzed.
Results: A total of twenty-four cases were included during the study period. Among the cases, majority of cases belonged to Gastrointestinal, n=17(70.83%). The mean operative time was 94 minutes (minimum 55 minutes; maximum 168 minutes). None of the cases required conversion to general anesthesia. Postoperative pain was always well controlled. None of them required postoperative intensive care support. No perioperative major complications (Clavien–Dindo ≥3) occurred. Three cases were found to be infected with COVID -19 infection postoperatively.
Conclusion: Our study showed that major abdominal surgeries under loco regional anesthesia resulted feasible, safe, painless, and, in specific cases, was the only viable option. In such a pandemic, it could become a vital strategy to avoid contamination among Health care workers (HCWs) and could limit viral transmission inside theatres.
Economic Burden Associated with Neurocysticercosis at a Tertiary Care Neurological Center in Nepal
Authors: Acharya Samir , Rajbhandari Pravesh , Shrestha Resha , Dhakal Sudan , Shrestha Pranaya , Hari Gajuryal Sharad , Pant Basant 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic disease of the central nervous system and is a major cause of epilepsy and neurological morbidity in humans in endemic areas of the world. This study was conducted to estimate economic burden of the paients due to Neurocysticercosis arriving at Tertiary Neurological center of Kathmandu,Nepal.
Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was conducted for 2 years among the patients with NCC at Tertiary Neurological Center in Kathmandu. Patients treatment plan and followup date were recorded and patient were categorized into four different groups depending on the frequency of followup and completion of treatment. Direct and indirect cost centers were catagorised and calculated accordingly. The cost was estimated in US dollar as of 2020.
Results: Out of 52 patients who were followed up completely for treatment, majority of patient were from age group 21-30 years . The total cost incurred for group 1, group 2, group 3 and group 4 were $468, $714, $ 1054 and $1986 respectively.The average cost per day for a patient with NCC was calculated to be $1.5.
Conclusion: This study suggests that Neurocysticercosis results in considerable monetary losses to patient in developing country like Nepal. The average loss of each individual accounted for around one half of per day capita income of Nepal. Various programs and poolicies shall be implemented to reduce the burden of NCC so as to reduce the economic burden associated to it.
An Audacious Voyage during COVID-19 Pandemic in Management of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage at Annapurna Neurological Institute and Allied Sciences
Authors: Rajbhandari Pravesh , Kumar Yadav Jayant , Giri Shilpa , Shrestha Bishal , Kayastha Jessica , Shrestha Janam , Nepal Gopi , Gurung Pritam , Rajbhandari Reema , Shrestha Jitesh , Palikhe Anusha , Bahadur Karki Shambhu , Acharya Samir , Shrestha Resha , Dhakal Sudan , Hari Gajuryal Sharad , Shrestha Pranaya , Pant Basant 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage(SAH) is a neurosurgical emergency for which testing for COVID PCR was not an option and was unlikely to change the management of the case. Hence, all surgeries were performed without COVID PCR and Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) at our center for the welfare of the patient despite risks involved for the surgeons and supporting staff.
Methods: Data were collected retrospectively of all cerebral aneurysm patients who received treatment at Annapurna Neurological Institute and Allied Sciences during the covid pandemic between February 2020 to May 2021. Their demographic profile, clinical and imaging characteristics, treatment decision, postoperative complication, postoperative functional status in terms of Modified Rankin Scale were taken into consideration and analyzed.
Result: 63 patients were enrolled in study with patient age ranging from 9 years to 81 years. Male to female ratio was 1:3. Amongst them, 28% had hypertension. 82% underwent microsurgical clipping while three patients underwent coiling. Basilar Top aneurysm, Para clinoid aneurysm, PICA aneurysm underwent simple coiling. Wrapping, bypass and trapping were performed in 1,1, and 3 cases respectively. At the time of discharge, most of the patients (77%) achieved good functional recovery (mRS ≤ 2) while mortality was reported in 8% of patients. Based on our experience and limited dataset, posterior location of aneurysm, increasing HuntHess Grade and modified fisher grade had poor prognosis, related with degree of cerebral vasospasm, and delayed cerebral ischemia.
Conclusion: Results from our study showed outcomes in surgical patients with aneurysmal SAH at par with international standards. COVID pandemic although posed initial difficulties, with proper guidelines and protocols in place, we were able to perform the emergency surgeries without compromising our standards.
Correlation between White Blood Cell Count and Myocardial Infarction Mortality in Patients admitted at Tertiary Care Center of Philippines
Authors: Paudel Pratik , B. Lopez Mariano , Gautam Rakshya 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed as well as developing countries. This study aims to find out the correlation between elevated WBC and AMI mortality and also to enhance as an independent marker for higher risk for in-hospital patients which would finally help for risk stratification and better care for such presentation.
Methods: This is a retrospective research evaluating all adult patients with AMI who were admitted to Rizal Medical Center from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. Clinical data were retrieved from the Medical Records Section and Department of Laboratory Medicine. Detailed history, physical examination and relevant investigations such as complete blood count and electrocardiographic results were reviewed. All data was managed by Microsoft Excel for windows and after collecting a sample size of 225 cases. Analysis was executed using SAS Software Version 9.3.
Results: Relationship existed between clinical outcome and white blood cell count. The patients with elevated WBC on comparison to patients with normal WBC had 3 times more risk of dying (discharged(5.8%)/died(18.7%), p value 0.028. The mean WBC for favourable clinical outcome was 11.87±4.85 S.D which is lower as compared to the poor clinical outcome averaged 13.87±6.20 S.D. (p .028 < .05).
Conclusion: The results indicate that patients with elevated white blood cell count would be more likely to have poor clinical outcome compared to patients who have normal white blood cell count. White blood cell count within 24 h of admission for an AMI is a strong and independent predictor of in-hospital mortality.
A Comparative Study of Cross Finger Flap with Thenar Flap for Finger Tip Reconstruction
Authors: Kumar Pradhan Suresh , Man Rai Shankar , Dahal Peeyush 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Fingertip injuries are common hand injuries ranging from simple laceration to larger defects with amputations. Different methods are used to reconstruct the affected finger. Cross finger flaps and thenar flaps are commonly used but it is difficult to select among these two flaps to reconstruct the finger in our settings.
Method: This is a time-bound prospective comparative study conducted in 14 months duration. The aesthetic (sensibility, appearance and function as subjective assessment) and functional outcomes (2 point discrimination and range of motion) were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Overall significance level was maintained at ‘p’ value < 0.05.
Results: There was female predisposition with average age of 34.66 years. The common mode of injury was crush injury with right hand most commonly involved hand and middle finger being commonly injured digit. On subjective assessment, the difference on rating scale on sensibility, function and appearance was not statistically significant among two groups. There were statistical significant differences in mean of static and moving 2 point discrimination among thenar flap and cross finger flap. . The mean active range of motion at three types of joint (MP, PIP, DIP) of finger were 97.660, 82.660 and 38.660 in thenar group and 88.330, 78.660 and 33.660 in cross finger group respectively which were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Our study does not find any precise characteristics for the selection of thenar and cross finger flap based on aesthetic and functional outcomes in reconstruction of fingertip injury.