bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Limits of Rehabilitation and Recidivism Reduction: Rethinking the Evaluation of Arts Programming in Prisons
Authors: van der Meulen Emily , Omstead Jackie 
Published: May 2023

<p>Canadian prison-based arts and other programming are limited at best. Even the country’s Correctional Investigator, or prison-ombudsperson, has critiqued the lack of meaningful options in which prisoners can engage. Those programs that do exist tend to be focused on the logic of penal rehabilitation, with the end goal of reducing recidivism. In this article, we showcase the evaluation of a 9-week arts program in a women’s prison, the aim of which was to build community and foster artistic engagement, thus running counter to normative carceral logics. </p>
“That's why people don't call 911”: Ending routine police attendance at drug overdoses
Authors: van der Meulen Emily , Chu Sandra Ka Hon , Butler-McPhee Janet 
Published: May 2023

<p>Research has shown that police attendance and the corresponding threat of criminal charges are major deterrents to people seeking emergency medical assistance in the event of an overdose. In response to these barriers, Canada passed the <em>Good Samaritan Drug Overdose Act</em> in 2017, providing immunity from prosecution for simple drug possession to overdose victims or bystanders who phone 911. In theory, this should make people more comfortable seeking emergency supports, but in practice our research found that many remain hesitant because police continue to be routinely dispatched to the overdose site. Based on focus groups and surveys with 109 people who use drugs across Ontario, Canada, our findings show that the vast majority of participants have negative interactions with police, which discourages them from seeking medical assistance at future overdose incidents. Almost all questioned the necessity of dispatching law enforcement to a health emergency that requires medical intervention. As such, this commentary draws on the study's qualitative data to argue that ending routine police attendance at drug overdoses in Ontario would remove a major barrier to calling 911, and thus prevent the further, unnecessary loss of life in the ongoing overdose crisis.</p>
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Social service responses to human trafficking: the making of a public health problem
Authors: De Shalit Ann , van der Meulen Emily , Guta Adrian 
Published: May 2023

<p>Human trafficking has received considerable attention from policymakers, researchers and service providers globally, with resulting interventions often positioning trafficking as something that simply exists. Drawing on Bacchi’s ‘What’s the Problem Represented to be?’ approach, this article proposes that trafficking is continually made through efforts designed to eradicate it. We conducted 22 interviews with representatives from social service organisations funded by the government of Ontario, Canada, for anti-trafficking programming. These interviews provide insight into how trafficking is being represented and with what effects. Our findings suggest that organisational initiatives often rely on individualised health-related interventions, such as trauma-informed counselling and other mental health support, to address trafficking. In the process, various sex work activities are deemed ‘symptoms’ of trafficking, and perceived pathways to engaging in sex work (such as drug use/dependence, a history of trauma and low self-esteem) are produced as ‘causes’ or ‘risk factors’. We contend that by pathologising sex work and sex workers, organisations are employing a contradictory neoliberal paternalism to advance a public health representation of human trafficking that simultaneously responsibilises and disenfranchises purported victims.</p>
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Disability and sex work: developing affinities through decriminalization
Authors: Fritsch Kelly , Heynen Robert , Ross Amy Nicole , van der Meulen Emily 
Published: May 2023

<p>This article argues that strong policy frameworks are required to support the health and well-being of sex workers, disabled people, and disabled sex workers. Through an examination of the context of sex work in Canada, we articulate the flaws of sex work criminalization and the persistent barriers that criminalization creates. Our analysis of the intersection of disabled sexuality and access to sexual services identifies how the sex industry can aid in the flourishing of the erotic lives of disabled people. The article culminates in a discussion of the benefits of sex work decriminalization for sex workers, disabled people, and disabled sex workers.</p>
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“It Depends on Who You Are, What You Are”: ‘Community Safety’ and Sex Workers’ Experience with Surveillance
Authors: Wright Jordana , Heynen Robert , van der Meulen Emily 
Published: May 2023

<p>Community safety has complex connotations for sex workers. This complexity is, in part, a function of the contradictory nature of ideas of community and the positioning of sex workers as both at-risk and risky, victims and criminals. ‘Community’ is simultaneously inclusive of everyone, including sex workers, and that which needs to be defended against the perceived dangers posed by sex work and sex workers. Denied in these contexts is any sense that harm may indeed flow from community to sex workers, not just the reverse. Drawing on data from a study with a diversity of sex working women in Toronto, Canada, this article argues that these contradictions are not the product of confusion, but in fact are constitutive of the ways in which communities are rhetorically and materially formed. They have structured legislative responses to sex work, reflect normative conceptions of community, bodies, and public space, and have actively produced unsafe and insecure conditions for sex workers. Indeed, sex workers themselves consistently identify the contradictory nature of ideas of community and the harm that flows from them. This is strongly evident in one of the key ways in which projects for ‘community safety’ are currently implemented, namely the installation of Closed Circuit Television Cameras (CCTV).</p>
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Some Like It Mellow: On Gay Men Complicating Pornography Discourses
Authors: Corneau Simon , van der Meulen Emily 
Published: May 2023

<p>Despite the proliferation of writing on pornography generally, much of the literature that focuses on gay pornography specifically conforms to either a pro- or anti-porn framework. This overly simplistic dichotomy positions pornography as a homogeneous construct, albeit one that is either “good” or “bad.” Even theorists who situate pornography on a continuum, with erotica at one end and hardcore at the other, tend to reify these discourses. Further, it is not uncommon for researchers to draw conclusions about the effects of pornography consumption without defining exactly what pornography is. This ethnographic research draws on qualitative interviews with 20 consumers’ of gay pornography in Toronto, Canada. By using a thematic analysis to document the ways in which gay men define, distinguish, and conceptualize gay pornography, five definitional categories were developed: Mellow; Commercial; Raunch; Amateur; and Bareback. These broad conceptualizations are discussed in reference to writing on gay pornography. Our research results emphasize the importance of clear definitions of pornography within pornography research.</p>
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Sex Work, Law, and Violence: Bedford v Canada and the Human Rights of Sex Workers
Authors: Hudson Graham , van der Meulen Emily 
Published: May 2023

<p>In Bedford v. Canada, two levels of Ontario courts ruled that a selection of criminal laws prohibiting prostitution-related activities unjustifiably deprive sex workers of their right to liberty and security of the person.The courts struck down or modified some of the offending provisions to ensure that sex workers are better able to take precautions against violence. While sex workers consider the Ontario Superior Court of Justice ruling a victory and the Ontario Court of Appeal ruling a partial victory, the government, some women’s rights groups, and other defenders of the provisions argue that courts ventured into a “policy thicket”, which is to suggest that they had stepped outside of their legitimate institutional role. Associated concerns include that the decisions effectively constitutionalize prostitution and will pre-empt or curtail Parliament’s consideration of legislative options.</p>
<p> In this paper, the authors clarify misconceptions about the constitutional foundations and implications of Bedford, and explore how the ruling might affect legal and policy-based interactions among various stakeholders. Approaching constitutional rights as discursive mechanisms, rather than as “trumps”, we argue that Bedford will not hinder the continuation of democratic debate about whether, how, and why aspects of sex work should be regulated. To the contrary, Bedford is more likely to enhance the quality of debates by making them more inclusive of the perspectives of sex workers as well as accommodative of growing empirical research that has hitherto been ignored or misrecognized.</p>
Service provider views on issues and needs for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth
Authors: van der Meulen Emily , Travers Robb , Guta Adrian , Flicker Sarah , Larkin June , Lo Chase , McCardell Sarah , Toronto Teen Survey Research Team  
Published: May 2023

<p>Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth require appropriate, effective, and accessible sexual health services. Sexual minority youth living in large urban, multicultural cities have a complex range of service needs. As part of the Toronto Teen Survey, focus groups were conducted with 80 service providers from 55 agencies in the Greater Toronto Area to elicit their input concerning the changing service needs of LGBT youth, their increasing complexity as a client group, and obstacles to working effectively with them. Issues that arose in the focus groups included addressing the needs of LGBT youth across a large city that includes suburban areas, the need to address the specific service needs of transgender youth, and the intersection of racial and ethno-cultural diversity with sexual orientation. Service provider recommendations focused on the need for improved education and training and policy change at the agency level. </p>
Why Decriminalize?: How Canada’s Municipal and Federal Regulations Increase Sex Workers’ Vulnerability
Authors: van der Meulen Emily , Durisin Elya Maria 
Published: May 2023

<p>This article highlights two sectors of the Canadian sex industry, massage and escorting, to explicate how current Canadian municipal and federal regulations violate sex workers’ basic labour rights and contribute to physical and economic vulnerability. We begin with a discussion of the impact of the radical feminist position on sex work and an introduction to Canada’s current regulatory context on both the local and federal level. The article then moves to the two sex industry case studies. Traversing a fine line between illegality and legality, regulations can stigmatize and penalize common job-related massage and escort activities. The article concludes with an international example of decriminalization in New Zealand. We argue that in order to put forth realistic social and policy recommendations, it is necessary to first look to an instance where policies are forged with and by sex-working communities and where sex workers’ labour rights and health and safety standards are prioritized. </p>
E-Modul Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Menggunakan Flipbook Digital Pada Mata Pelajaran Teknik Pengolahan Audio Dan Video Untuk Menumbuhkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa SMK
Authors: Janah Miftakhul , Elmunsyah Hakkun , Nidhom Ahmad Mursyidun 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRAK
Kegiatan pembelajaran membutuhkan bahan ajar dan media pembelajaran yang digunakan untuk acuan dalam pembelajaran. Pemanfaatan teknologi sangat dimaksimalkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas belajar dan motivasi siswa dalam belajar. Guru mengupayakan agar dapat mengembangkan inovasi berupa bahan ajar yang dapat meningkatkan kompetensi belajar siswa. Siswa dapat tertarik terhadap suatu pembelajaran dengan menggunakan bahan ajar yang dibuat secara efektif dan interaktif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan serta menguji kelayakan bahan ajar E-modul menggunakan Flipbook Digital berbasis kearifan lokal pada mata pelajaran Teknik Pengolahan Audio Dan Video untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa SMK jurusan Multimedia. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengadaptasi model pengembangan 4D yang memiliki 4 tahapan yaitu: (1) define, (2) design, (3) develop, dan (4) disseminate. Hasil validasi materi mendapatkan presentase 89,00% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat layak dan validasi media mendapatkan presentase sebesar 88,88% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat layak. Berdasarkan hasil uji dari kelompok kecil dan besar masing-masing menghasilkan nilai presentase 90,24% dan 91.27% yang termasuk di kategori sangat layak. Uji motivasi belajar menghasilkan presentase awal 76,82% menjadi 81,03% yang termasuk dalam kategori motivasi tinggi sekali.
Realization of Self
Authors: Ray Indu 
Published: May 2023

Self Attainment is the biggest achievement Is the Corona pandemic over or it will continue in 2023? One of the most important questions of this digital age. The lockdown during the corona pandemic has served as a good time for introspection. The most important thing people learned as a result of quarantine is how to appreciate the small things in life and do self-realization. The magic so often lies in the small things. The mood for 2021, where the ongoing state of the Pandemic has become the new normal, is self Attainment. It is the time of reinventing, what we want to do. If Covid-19 hadn’t come? Reflecting on that does not count. What do we want to do when it is over?Change happens in the present-now. Hence do we need to learn something new, or is it enough to give loved things more time? For a long time there has been the image of the scholar who surrenders to thinking and becomes creative. Sometimes, we have to distance ourselves in order to be able to look at a problem from a different angle or to find ourselves. Even if the dictionary defines “alone” and “lonely” as synonyms, most people differentiate between being alone and loneliness. The word ‘alone’ implies a positive outcome whereas ‘lonely’, negative. Self-Attainment changes our thoughts and feelings, affecting not only our choice of profession but all areas in which we express ourself. We sometimes spend more time in planning our future courses of action rather than enjoying the present status. Hence it is imperative that we get rid of the non-meaningful things in our life and commit ourselves more to what matters most. What is more important like health, personal growth, career, finance, family, social life etc. We know ourselves as the person we aspire to be, not the person we are in the present- but it is essential to understand ourselves at a deeper level to achieve maximal potential and lead to self-improvement and increased self-esteem.
Fucose ameliorates the proinflammatory property of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colitis via altering its metabolism
Authors: Duan Caihan , Hou Lingzhi , Deng Xiaohua , Wu Junhao , Qian Wei , Han Chaoqun , Hou Xiaohua 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPrevious studies reported that fucose plays a protective role in inhibiting pathogens. Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) was recently found to promote the progression of colitis. However, the effects of fucose on Fn are poorly understood. This study aimed to explore whether fucose could ameliorate the proinflammatory property of Fn in colitis and the underlying mechanisms.MethodsTo validate our hypothesis, mice were administrated with Fn and fucose-treated Fn (Fnf) before dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment to establish Fn related colitis model. The metabolism variation of Fn was detected by metabolomic analysis. To verify the effects of bacterial metabolites on intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), Caco-2 cells were treated with bacterial supernatant.ResultsMore severe inflammation, intestinal barrier damage, autophagy block, and apoptosis in the colon were noted in DSS mice that were administrated with Fn or Fnf. However, the severity degree in Fnf+DSS group was less compared to Fn+DSS group. Metabolic pathways of Fn were altered after fucose treatment and proinflammatory metabolites were decreased. The supernatant of Fnf induced a lower level of inflammation than Fn in Caco-2 cells. One of the decreased metabolites, homocysteine thiolactone (HT), was proven to induce inflammatory effects in Caco-2 cells.DiscussionIn conclusion, fucose ameliorates the proinflammatory property of Fn via altering its metabolism and these findings provide evidence for the application of fucose as functional food or prebiotic in the treatment of Fn related colitis.
A high-concentrate diet induces inflammatory injury via regulating Ca2+/CaMKKβ-mediated autophagy in mammary gland tissue of dairy cows
Authors: Meng Meijuan , Li Xuerui , Wang Zihan , Huo Ran , Ma Nana , Chang Guangjun , Shen Xiangzhen 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionCalmodulin-dependent protein kinase β (CaMKKβ) is closely related to Ca2+ concentration. An increase in Ca2+ concentration in the cytoplasm activates CaMKKβ, and activated CaMKKβ affects the activities of AMPK and mTOR and induces autophagy. A high-concentrate diet leads to Ca2+ disorder in mammary gland tissue.ObjectivesTherefore, this study mainly investigated the induction of mammary gland tissue autophagy by a high-concentrate diet and the specific mechanism of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced autophagy in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs).Material and MethodsTwelve mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows were fed with a 40% concentrate diet (LC) and a 60% concentrate diet (HC) for 3 weeks. At the end of the trial, rumen fluid, lacteal vein blood, and mammary gland tissue were collected. The results showed that the HC diet significantly decreased rumen fluid pH, with a pH lower than 5.6 for more than 3 h, indicating successfully induction of subacute rumen acidosis (SARA). The mechanism of LPS-induced autophagy in BMECs was studied in vitro. First, the cells were divided into a Ctrl group and LPS group to study the effects of LPS on the concentration of Ca2+ and autophagy in BMECs. Then, cells were pretreated with an AMPK inhibitor (compound C) or CaMKKβ inhibitor (STO-609) to investigate whether the CaMKKβ–AMPK signaling pathway is involved in LPS-induced BMEC autophagy.ResultsThe HC diet increased the concentration of Ca2+ in mammary gland tissue and pro-inflammatory factors in plasma. The HC diet also significantly increased the expression of CaMKKβ, AMPK, and autophagy-related proteins, resulting in mammary gland tissue injury. In vitro cell experiments showed that LPS increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration and upregulated protein expression of CaMKKβ, AMPK, and autophagy-related proteins. Compound C pretreatment decreased the expression of proteins related to autophagy and inflammation. In addition, STO-609 pretreatment not only reversed LPS-induced BMECs autophagy but also inhibited the protein expression of AMPK, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response in BMECs. These results suggest that inhibition of the Ca2+/CaMKKβ–AMPK signaling pathway reduces LPS-induced autophagy, thereby alleviating inflammatory injury of BMECs.ConclusionTherefore, SARA may increase the expression of CaMKKβ by increasing Ca2+ levels and activate autophagy through the AMPK signaling pathway, thereby inducing inflammatory injury in mammary gland tissue of dairy cows.
Seasonal and spatial patterns in diazotroph community composition at Station ALOHA
Authors: Turk-Kubo Kendra A. , Henke Britt A. , Gradoville Mary R. , Magasin Jonathan D. , Church Matthew J. , Zehr Jonathan P. 
Published: May 2023

Dinitrogen (N2) fixation is carried out by specialized microbes, called diazotrophs, and is a major source of nitrogen supporting primary production in oligotrophic oceans. One of the best-characterized diazotroph habitats is the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG), where warm, chronically N-limited surface waters promote year-round N2 fixation. At Station ALOHA (A Long-Term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment) in the NPSG, N2 fixation is typically ascribed to conspicuous, filamentous cyanobacterial diazotrophs (Trichodesmium and Richelia), unicellular free-living Crocosphaera, and the UCYN-A/haptophyte symbiosis, based on using microscopy and quantitative PCR (qPCR). However, the diazotroph community in this ecosystem is diverse and includes non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs). We investigated the diversity, depth distributions, and seasonality of diazotroph communities at Stn. ALOHA using high throughput sequencing (HTS) of nifH gene fragments from samples collected throughout the euphotic zone (0-175 m) at near-monthly intervals from June 2013 to July 2016. The UCYN-A symbioses and Trichodesmium sp. consistently had the highest relative abundances and seasonal patterns that corroborated qPCR-based analyses. Other prevalent community members included a new Crocosphaera-like species, and several NCDs affiliated with γ- and δ-proteobacteria. Notably, some of the NCDs appear to be stable components of the community at Stn. ALOHA, having also been reported in prior studies. Depth and temporal patterns in microdiversity within two major diazotroph groups (Trichodesmium and UCYN-A) suggested that sub-populations are adapted to time- and depth-dependent environmental variation. A network analysis of the upper euphotic (0-75 m) HTS data identified two modules that reflect a diazotroph community structure with seasonal turnover between UCYN-A/Gamma A, and Trichodesmium/Crocosphaera. It also reveals the seasonality of several important cyanobacteria and NCDs about which little is known, including a putative δ-proteobacterial phylotype originally discovered at Stn. ALOHA. Collectively, these results underscore the importance of coupling nifH gene HTS with other molecular techniques to obtain a comprehensive view of diazotroph community composition in the marine environment and reveal several understudied diazotroph groups that may contribute to N2 fixation in the NPSG.