bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Comparative Effectiveness of Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole for an Initial Episode of Pouchitis: A Propensity-Matched Study
Authors: Barnes Edward L. , Desai Aakash , Kochhar Gursimran S. 
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION:
There is minimal evidence regarding the comparative effectiveness of individual antibiotics in the treatment of pouchitis. We sought to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of ciprofloxacin monotherapy, metronidazole monotherapy, and combination therapy (ciprofloxacin and metronidazole) in the treatment of an initial episode of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis (UC).

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective cohort study in TriNetX, a global federated research network of electronic health records. Primary outcomes were failure of initial antibiotic therapy and the development of recurrent pouchitis in the first 12 months after an initial episode of pouchitis. One-to-one propensity score matching was performed for age, sex, race, primary sclerosing cholangitis, nicotine dependence, obesity, and previous exposure to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors between the cohorts.

RESULTS:
Among 271 patients who developed pouchitis (mean age at ileal pouch-anal anastomosis 35.8 years, male sex 57%) and were treated with ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, or combination therapy, 190 (70%) developed recurrent pouchitis. After propensity score matching, there was no significant difference in the odds of early relapse or nonresponse with ciprofloxacin compared with metronidazole monotherapy (adjusted odds ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.23–1.34) or when either monotherapy was compared with combination therapy. There was also no significant difference in odds of recurrent pouchitis when comparing patients treated with ciprofloxacin with metronidazole monotherapy (adjusted odds ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.40–1.84) or either monotherapy with combination therapy.

DISCUSSION:
In this retrospective cohort study, we demonstrated no significant difference in the real-world effectiveness of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, or combination therapy for the initial episode of pouchitis.
“When I think about my future, I just see darkness”: How youth exiting homelessness navigate the hazy, liminal space between socioeconomic exclusion and inclusion
Authors: Thulien Naomi S. , Hwang Stephen W. , Kozloff Nicole , Nisenbaum Rosane , Akdikmen Alex , Fambegbe Oluwapelumi , Feraday Robyn , Mathewson Caitlin , Mutamiri Matthew , Roglich Julia , Wang Andrea , Zagala Micah , Amiri Alexandra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The overarching objective of this mixed methods longitudinal study was to understand whether and how rent subsidies and mentorship influenced socioeconomic inclusion outcomes for youth exiting homelessness. The focus of this paper is on the qualitative objectives, which evolved from a primary focus on exploring how study mentorship was working as a facilitator of socioeconomic inclusion to focusing on how participants navigated the hazy, liminal space between socioeconomic exclusion and inclusion.

Methods
This was a convergent mixed methods study scaffolded by community-based participatory action axiology. The quantitative component is reported elsewhere and involved a 2-year pilot randomized controlled trial where 24 participants received rent subsidies and 13 were randomly assigned a study mentor; proxy indicators of socioeconomic inclusion were measured every 6 months for 2.5 years. Qualitative objectives were explored using a qualitative descriptive design and theoretically framed using critical social theory. The lead author interviewed 12 participants every 6 months for 2.5 years. Qualitative interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis with an emphasis on critical interpretation.

Results
Navigating the liminal space between socioeconomic exclusion and inclusion was complex and non-linear, and the way youth navigated that journey was more strongly associated with factors like informal mentorship (naturally occurring “coach-like” mentorship) and identity capital (sense of purpose, control, self-efficacy, and self-esteem), rather than whether or not they were assigned a formal study mentor.

Conclusion
A holistic approach integrating coaching and attention to identity capital alongside economic supports may be key to helping youth exiting homelessness achieve socioeconomic inclusion.
Preliminary Results from a Dense Short-Period Seismic Deployment around the Source Zone of the 1886 M 7 South Carolina Earthquake
Authors: Chen William , Neves Miguel , Zhai Qiushi , Daniels Clara , Adeboboye Oluwaseyifunmi , Jaume Steven , Peng Zhigang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The 1886 magnitude ∼7 Summerville, South Carolina, earthquake was the largest recorded on the east coast of the United States. A better understanding of this earthquake would allow for an improved evaluation of the intraplate seismic hazard in this region. However, its source fault structure remains unclear. Starting in May 2021, a temporary 19-station short-period seismic network was deployed in the Summerville region. Here, we present our scientific motivation, station geometry, and quality of the recorded seismic data. We also show preliminary results of microearthquake detections and relocations using recordings from both our temporary and four permanent stations in the region. Starting with 52 template events, including two magnitude ∼3 events on 27 September 2021, we perform a matched filter detection with the one year of continuous data, resulting in a catalog of 181 total events. We then determine precise relative locations of a portion of these events using differential travel-time relocation methods, and compare the results with relocation results of 269 events from a previous seismic deployment in 2011–2012. We also determine focal mechanism solutions for three events from 27 September 2021 with magnitudes 2.0, 3.1, and 3.3, and infer their fault planes. Our relocation results show a south-striking west-dipping zone in the southern seismicity cluster, which is consistent with the thrust focal mechanism of the magnitude 3.3 earthquake on 27 September 2021 and results from the previous study based on the temporary deployment in 2011–2012. In comparison, the magnitudes 3.1 and 2.0 events likely occur on a north–south-striking right-lateral strike-slip fault further north, indicating complex patterns of stress and faulting styles in the region.
Autophagy related gene CEP55 is a potential biomarker for osteoarthritis
Authors: Li Qiang , Hu Yong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
To screen the target autophagy related genes that may play an important role in the development of osteoarthritis.
Methods
We analyzed the differentially expressed genes between osteoarthritis samples and control samples in the online dataset GSE46750. We compared these differential genes with autophagy database, and screened out autophagy genes whose expression levels changed significantly in the process of osteoarthritis.We found the Hub gene in these autophagy related genes by constructing a protein interaction network, and analyzed the potentiality of these genes to distinguish patients with osteoarthritis, and constructed the interaction network between these genes and miRNA, further clarifying their potential functions.
Results
Compared with the control group, the expression of 105 autophagy related genes in Osteoarthritis tissue samples was significantly different. Among these 105 autophagy related genes, 15 Hub genes(AURKA,BIRC5,BUB1,CDC20,CEP55,FOXM1,KIFC1,MAD2L1,MCM2,MCM4,MCM5,RACGAP1,CDCA3,OIP5 and LMNB1) are located at the core of the protein interaction network.The expression level of these Hub genes can distinguish Osteoarthritis tissue samples from control samples, in which CEP55 can be a reliable marker for distinguishing OA from normal individuals,and it also can regulate the expression of miRNA, so CEP55 may be a good target for the treatment of OA by regulating the autophagy level.
Conclusion
In the development of Osteoarthritis, there is a regulatory network of autophagy related genes. CEP55 is a key gene regulating autophagy process, and it has the potential to interact with miRNA.
Effect of Meteorological Parameters and Air Pollutants Association with Health Risk Assessment during the Pandemic in Delhi, India
Authors: Singh Bhupendra Pratap , Mehra Kriti , Chowdhary Khyati , Khanna Charvi , Chandra Prakash 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The novel Coronavirus disease was reported in the last week of December 2019 in the capital of Hubei province, Wuhan, China, which outspread in no time and hit more than 210 countries, including India. A considerable recovery in the air conditions during the lockdown occurred due to substantial reduction measures in all the activities throughout the pandemic. The present study evaluated the changes in particulate pollutants and the role of meteorological parameters during the course of the pandemic. The mean concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 for all monitoring bases were calculated to be 109.54 and 214.04 µg/m3 for the years 2019–2021, respectively. The average values for PM2.5 and PM10 for all monitoring stations were observed to be 113.33, 108.92, 106.92 µg/m3, and 221.34, 203.02, 220.04 µg/m3 for the years 2019, 2020, and 2021 respectively. The gradual decline in values of PM2.5 has witnessed the closures of transport, industrial, and construction activities during the lockdown period in the year 2020. A strong significant positive correlation for PM2.5 was found between Alipur with ITO (0.89), Okhla (0.93), Narela (0.97), and Wazirpur (0.90), whereas PM10 was Alipur with ITO (0.82), Okhla (0.90), Narela (0.95), and Wazirpur (0.89), respectively. The present study investigated the relationship between PM2.5, PM10, meteorological parameters, and associated health risks. The negative relationships were observed between PM2.5 with temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation and a positive relationship with moisture and wind direction, whereas similar results were reported for PM10 for all monitoring stations. This study highlights that large emission reductions in the non-essential services were responsible for increasing the level of air quality. The health risk assessment for all age groups was calculated for pre-, during, and post-pandemic periods. The results for HQ values for PM2.5 indicated that children and infants were more likely to experience health effects after adults.
Data-Driven Invariant Learning for Probabilistic Programs
Authors: Bao Jialu Bao Jialu , Trivedi Nitesh Trivedi Nitesh , Pathak Drashti Pathak Drashti , Hsu Justin Hsu Justin , Roy Subhajit Roy Subhajit 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Morgan and McIver’s weakest pre-expectation framework is one of the most well-established methods for deductive verification of probabilistic programs. Roughly,the idea is to generalize binary state assertions to real-valued expectations, whichcan measure expected values of probabilistic program quantities. While loop-freeprograms can be analyzed by mechanically transforming expectations, verifyingloops usually requires finding an invariant expectation, a difficult task.We propose a new view of invariant expectation synthesis as a regression prob-lem: given an input state, predict the average value of the post-expectation inthe output distribution. Guided by this perspective, we develop the first data-driven invariant synthesis method for probabilistic programs. Unlike prior workon probabilistic invariant inference, our approach can learn piecewise continuousinvariants without relying on template expectations. We also develop a data-driven approach to learn sub-invariants from data, which can be used to upper-or lower-bound expected values. We implement our approaches and demonstratetheir effectiveness on a variety of benchmarks from the probabilistic programmingliterature.
L’apprentissage en ligne dans le contexte de la quatrième révolution industrielle : le cas d’un module connectiviste en contexte universitaire
Authors: Duplàa Emmanuel , Crettenand Pecorini Béatrice , Weber Jonathan , Blouin Mario 
Published: July 2023

Cet article propose de faire le lien entre les différentes révolutions industrielles, les principales théories de l’apprentissage et la formation en ligne : à travers l’histoire, nous montrons comment l’éducation s’est toujours plus centrée sur l’apprenant, quand nos systèmes de production et d’éducation de masse ont dépossédé les consommateurs de la conception et de l’agencement des produits et les apprenants de leurs curriculums d’apprentissage. En introduisant une dimension connectiviste dans un cours à l’université, nous montrons ses effets sur les étudiants, sur leurs apprentissages et sur comment le connectivisme pourrait permettre de développer les compétences essentielles à la quatrième révolution industrielle.
Linear and nonlinear regression methods for isotherm and kinetic modelling of iron ions bioadsorption using Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves from aqueous solution
Authors: Paranjape Praveda , Sadgir Parag 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Iron concentration in drinking water higher than the recommended value imposes different health problems. There are advanced chemical-based iron extraction techniques, in spite of having certain limitations in developing countries. Due to this, iron removal by using locally available plants is a paramount sustainable option. Therefore, the current study was intended to explore the iron removal efficiency of the powder of Ocimum sanctum Linn. (OSL) leaves from water and investigate its capability by assessing various conditions of operation. The bioadsorption equilibrium isotherm and kinetics of iron extraction onto OSL leaf powder were studied and modelled. The experimental adsorption equilibrium observations served as the basis for a comparison of linear and nonlinear regression techniques for predicting the optimal isotherms and kinetics. The optimum conditions for the extraction of iron were observed to be pH of 5, biomass concentration of 0.2 g, contact time of 2 h, speed of agitation of 150 rpm at 25 °C temperature, while maximum bioadsorption capacity was 123.26 mg/g. The batch bioadsorption of iron obeys the Fritz–Schlunde isotherm and the pseudo-first-order-kinetic model. The isotherm and kinetics parameters obtained using the nonlinear regression method outperformed the linear approach. Moreover, the potential applicability of OSL leaves-based bioadsorbent could be further examined on a large-scale for industrial application.
Video capsule enteroscopy in the diagnosis of GIST of the ileum
Authors: Kortieva A. T. , Krushelnitskiy V. S. , Gabriel A. S. , Dynko V. Yu. , Guchetl A. Ya. , Tlekhurai R. M. 
Published: July 2023

The OBJECTIVE was to show the effectiveness of video capsule and balloon-assisted enteroscopy in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the ileum.METHODS AND MATERIALS. A clinical observation of a patient with a suspected tumor of the small intestine is presented. During the examination, video capsule endoscopy of the small intestine was performed using the Given Imaging capsule. In the ileum, mucosal infiltration and fresh blood were found. Conclusion: tumor of the small intestine. The patient underwent resection of the ileum with a tumor. Histological conclusion: malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor with moderate mitotic activity and single metastasis to the mesenteric lymph node.CONCLUSION. The difficulty in diagnosing tumors of the small intestine is due to the lack of specific clinical symptoms and the complexity of visualizing the neoplasm. In such cases, it is advisable to include video capsule enteroscopy in the diagnostic algorithm, which according to indications can be supplemented with balloon-assisted enteroscopy by oral or transanal access.
Brain metastasis and intracranial leptomeningeal metastasis from malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: illustrative cases
Authors: Ohno Masasuke , Haimoto Shoichi , Tsukushi Satoshi , Hosoda Waki , Ohka Fumiharu , Saito Ryuta 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare soft-tissue tumors. Intracranial metastasis from MPNSTs is quite rare.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors report on a 73-year-old male whose MPNST metastasized to the brain and a 32-year-old male with leptomeningeal metastasis from MPNST and review 41 cases of MPNST that developed intracranial metastasis, as reported in the literature.

LESSONS
Brain metastasis and leptomeningeal metastasis of MPNSTs show different clinical courses and require pathology-specific treatment.
Three-dimensional fusion images from digital subtraction angiography for the treatment of direct carotid-cavernous fistulas: illustrative case
Authors: Maruyama Fumiaki , Ishibashi Toshihiro , Abe Yukiko , Murayama Yuichi 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND
Direct carotid-cavernous fistulas (dCCFs) are often treated endovascularly. However, because the dCCF is usually a high-flow shunt, it is often difficult to obtain an accurate vascular structure using conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Here, the authors report a case of successfully treated dCCF using three-dimensional (3D) fused DSA images.

OBSERVATIONS
The patient presented with tinnitus, followed by oculomotor palsy, prompting magnetic resonance imaging that indicated a dural arteriovenous fistula of the cavernous sinus. DSA was performed before treatment, and a diagnosis of dCCF due to a ruptured aneurysm was made. In this case, the 3D fused simulation images enabled the authors to obtain an accurate vascular structure, resulting in successful coil embolization.

LESSONS
Three-dimensional fusion images from DSA provide detailed anatomical information and are useful for treating high-flow dCCFs.
Severe hyperglycorrhachia and status epilepticus after endoscopic aqueductoplasty: illustrative case
Authors: Dharia Anand A. , Masri Ahmad , Rilinger Jay F. , Kaufman Christian B. 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND
While hypoglycorrhachia is observed and managed frequently, there are few reports in the literature of clinically significant hyperglycorrhachia after neurosurgery. Understanding the effects and management of severe hyperglycorrhachia is important to the neurosurgeon and neurocritical care teams who care for patients in these rare scenarios.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors present the case of a 3-month-old male with congenital hydrocephalus who faced profound hyperglycorrhachia and status epilepticus after an endoscopic aqueductoplasty using an irrigant composed of lactated Ringer’s solution with dextrose 5% in water. A multidisciplinary approach was developed to monitor and treat the patient’s seizures and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) osmolytes.

LESSONS
This case provides several learning opportunities for understanding CSF physiology, pathogenesis of common brain injuries related to osmotic shifts and inflammatory states, as well as clinical management of hyperglycorrhachia. It also reiterates the significance of meticulous intraoperative assessment to avoid preventable medical errors.
Effect of IL-6 and CRP titer with antibody level on severity of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Hachim Sadeq K. , Ali Aesha Saber , Arif Khalid B. 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE: SARS Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is combined with a high death rate and morbidity in different regions across the world. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine secreted in response to tissue injury, primarily produced by macrophages. C-reactive protein (CRP) is considered a part of innate immunity and is elevated in response to infection and cancer. METHODS: This study includes one hundred patients infected with the viral pathogen known as SARS-CoV-2 and fifty healthy individuals attending Al-Salam Hospital in Baghdad. Approximately 5 ml of samples were collected from each virus-infected patient and healthy control, then separated by centrifuge and stored in a refrigerator until testing. The study timeline was from October 1st, 2020, to January 15th, 2021. The SARS-CoV-2 (IgM, IgG) antibody was measured using the immunofluorescent technique with the Afias instrument. The IL-6 was measured using the ELISA technique with a human Elisa reader. The CRP titer was measured using the immunofluorescent technique with the Afias instrument. The level of SARS-CoV-2 (IgM, IgG) antibody was 0.01 ± 0.004, 0.02 ± 0.004, respectively, in healthy controls, while in COVID-19 patients, the level of SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody was 2.45 ± 1.87, and the level of IgG antibody was 5.16 ± 2.63 in COVID-19 patients. The IL-6 level was 0.88 ± 0.28, 5.82 ± 3.28 in healthy controls and COVID-19 patients, respectively. The CRP titer in healthy controls was 1.25 ± 0.36, while in COVID-19 patients, it was 13.8 ± 4.85. The aim of the research is to focus on the association between IL-6 level and CRP titer, with a concentration on COVID-19 patients, and to determine if IL-6 possesses the potential to serve as a biomarker for prognosticating the extent of COVID-19 infection.
Effects of a lower limb walking exoskeleton on quality of life and activities of daily living in patients with complete spinal cord injury: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hu Xiaomin , Lu Jiachun , Wang Yunyun , Pang Rizhao , Liu Jiancheng , Gou Xiang , Bai Xingang , Zhang Anren , Cheng Hong , Wang Qian , Chang Youjun , Yin Jie , Chang Cong , Xiao Hua , Wang Wenchun 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: In recent years, lower limb walking exoskeletons have been widely used in the study of spinal cord injury (SCI). OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of a lower limb walking exoskeleton on quality of life and functional independence in patients with motor complete SCI. METHODS: This was a multi-center, single blind, randomized controlled trial. A total of 16 SCI patients were randomly assigned to either the exoskeleton-assisted walking (EAW) group (n= 8) or the conventional group (n= 8). Both groups received conventional rehabilitation training, including aerobic exercise and strength training. The EAW group additionally conducted the exoskeleton-assisted walking training using an AIDER powered robotic exoskeleton for 40–50 minutes, 5 times/week for 8 weeks. World Health Organization quality of life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Spinal Cord Independence Measure III (SCIM-III) were used for assessment before and after training. RESULTS: There was an increasing tendency of scores in the psychological health, physical health, and social relationships domain of WHOQOL-BREF in the EAW group after the intervention compared with the pre-intervention period, but there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). SCIM-III scores increased in both groups compared to pre-training, with only the conventional group showing a significant difference after 8 weeks of training (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: A lower limb walking exoskeleton may have potential benefits for quality of life and activities of daily living in patients with motor complete SCI.