bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vis-NIR-Electrochromic Interconversion of Dithienylmethylium-Type Cyanine Dyes with a σ-Bonded Dimer or Isolable Neutral Radical
Authors: Chong Su-Gi , Suzuki Shuichi , Suzuki Takanori , Ishigaki Yusuke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
4-Methoxyphenyl-substituted di(2-thienyl)methyliums were designed and synthesized as a new class of cationic dyes exhibiting absorption in the visible (Vis) and near-infrared (NIR) region. Their cyanine-type π-conjugation was confirmed by alternation of positive charges along the polymethine chain as well as by a significant disappearance of bond alternation. Upon one-electron reduction of these cations, neutral radicals were generated, which could be isolated as stable entities when an anthryl-type substituent was attached to the central methine carbon while the secondary radical without any substituent quantitatively converted to a σ-bonded dimer. Since both the stable radical and the dimer regenerated the starting cyanine dyes upon oxidation, the present redox pairs can serve as electrochromic materials that exhibit a change in absorption in the Vis-NIR region.
Turmeric extract gel and honey in post-cesarean section wound healing: A preliminary study
Authors: Nilawati Usman Andi , Sartini Sartini , Yulianti Risfah , Kamsurya Melani , Oktaviana Agriyaningsih , Nulandari Zafitri , Agustin Dinah Inrawati , Fendi Fendi 
Published: September 2023

Background: Delivery by cesarean section (SC) increases the risk of a surgical site infection (SSI). Therapy from health services and complementary therapy reduce the risk of infection and accelerate the wound-healing process. This study compared wound healing after SC with a turmeric extract gel and original Trigona honey. Methods: Female white rats (Rattus novergicus) with pre- and post-testing and a control group were included in this experiment, which was conducted in June-July 2022. The test animals were 56 female white rats, 2-4 months old, weighing 150–350 g. The treatment group was divided into three subgroups with application of 50% and 75% turmeric extract gel and Trigona honey. The turmeric was given twice daily, and the honey was divided into two applications of twice a day and once a day. Wounds were assessed using the Reeda Scale. Results: The fastest wound healing occurred in the group given Trigona honey twice daily. Redness, ecchymosis, and edema disappeared in this group on day 9 (score 0), and granulation tissue formed on day 9. The group that was administered 50% and 75% turmeric gel extract and Trigona honey once a day healed by days 12 and 15, respectively; all three of these interventions were better than the control group. Conclusions: Administering Trigona honey twice daily was more effective for accelerating wound healing than the 50% or 75% turmeric extract gel. Original Trigona honey has the potential to be a post-SC wound healing agent.
Lower limb rehabilitation using modified constraint-induced movement therapy and motor relearning program on balance and gait in sub-acute hemiplegic stroke: a comparative study
Authors: Chavan Nitika S. , Raghuveer Raghumahanti 
Published: September 2023

Background: A stroke is described by the World Health Organization as “a clinical syndrome with rapidly developing symptoms that consist of a focal (or global, in a situation of coma) disruption of cerebral function that lasts more than 24 hours or leads to mortality without a known cause other than a vascular origin”. Stroke is the most prevalent cause of impairment and mortality on a global scale. Modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) is an approach to therapy for motor disabilities that involves constraining the movements of the nonparetic limb, diligent practice and behaviour modification to extend the time the paretic limb is utilized for daily tasks. The motor relearning program (MRP) method involves many aspects of motor learning theory and is helpful in providing instructions for retraining practical skills (including walking, standing and sitting in balance and transferring abilities). So, the objective of this study is to assess the impact of the MRP and mCIMT on balance and gait in sub-acute hemiplegic stroke patients. Methods: In this study, each group will consist of 17 people in total. The randomization procedure will be conducted using a computer-generated random number system. For sample distribution, we will use the sequentially numbered opaque sealed envelope technique. Outcome measures will be as follows: Berg balance scale, Dynamic gait index, Trunk impairment scale, Functional reach test, 10 Meter walk test and Fall efficacy test. Each patient will be evaluated prior to and during treatment at baseline and six weeks later. Conclusions: There is sufficient evidence to derive the conclusion that the functional mobility and balance of stroke victims can be improved with physiotherapy. Therefore, this study will try to seek the comparison of mCIMT and MRP in sub-acute stroke subjects and compare the two regimes to determine which one will be superior. Registration: CTRI (CTRI/2023/05/052674; 16/05/2023).
The use of Simulated Observations in Medical Simulation and its effect on perceived realism: A pilot project
Authors: Ainsworth James , Perumal Sounder , Pillai Suresh 
Published: September 2023

Introduction Simulation is an effective teaching method with increasing growth and recognition and refers to the artificial representation of a real-life scenario. The aim of this study was to compare simulation with and without the use of a simulated observations monitor and to investigate differences in students’ impression of realism, engagement, learning, and enjoyment. Methods Simulation sessions were delivered to second and third-year Swansea University Medical Students, and a total of 15 students were included. Students carried out 2-3 scenarios each with and without the use of a simulated observations monitor. Data collection was conducted via student surveys and a joint interview. Results All students had an increased sense of realism with the use of the simulated observations monitor, feeling a closer resemblance to what would be experienced in clinical practice. They felt this improved their learning, making them more prepared for the real-life scenario. The monitor was more dynamic, responding to their interventions, helping them maintain focus and engagement throughout. A key theme was the reduction of interruptions or deviations from the scenario to communicate with the examiner or ask for observations. The visual and audible affects provided additional stimuli, adding to the realistic nature of the simulation. Discussion Simulation has been shown to be a useful education tool, but there is less evidence to support the use of higher fidelity over lower fidelity simulation. The terms are often used inconsistently, and many factors affect the students’ perceived sense of realism. This study shows that the addition of a simple device such as the simulated observations monitor can produce a higher level of fidelity, particularly in terms of the stimuli provided and student perceptions of realism, which may be effective in improving engagement with the simulation, learning, and aid recall when presented with similar scenarios in a real-life situation.
Migration health ethics in Southeast Asia: a scoping review
Authors: Ng Shu Hui , Kaur Sharon , Cheah Phaik Yeong , Ong Zhen Ling , Lim Jane , Voo Teck Chuan 
Published: September 2023

Background: Asia hosts the second-largest international migrant population in the world. In Southeast Asia (SEA), key types of migration are labour migration, forced migration, and environmental migration. This scoping review seeks to identify key themes and gaps in current research on the ethics of healthcare for mobile and marginalised populations in SEA, and the ethics of research involving these populations. Methods: We performed a scoping review using three broad concepts: population (stateless population, migrants, refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced people), issues (healthcare and ethics), and context (11 countries in SEA). Three databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science) were searched from 2000 until May 2023 over a period of four months (February 2023 to May 2023). Other relevant publications were identified through citation searches, and six bioethics journals were hand searched. All searches were conducted in English, and relevant publications were screened against the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were subsequently imported into NVivo 14, and thematic analysis was conducted. Results: We identified 18 papers with substantial bioethical analysis. Ethical concepts that guide the analysis were ‘capability, agency, dignity’, ‘vulnerability’, ‘precarity, complicity, and structural violence’ (n=7). Ethical issues were discussed from the perspective of research ethics (n=9), clinical ethics (n=1) and public health ethics (n=1). All publications are from researchers based in Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia. Research gaps identified include the need for more research involving migrant children, research from migrant-sending countries, studies on quality of migrant healthcare, participatory health research, and research with internal migrants. Conclusions: More empirical research is necessary to better understand the ethical issues that exist in the domains of research, clinical care, and public health. Critical examination of the interplay between migration, health and ethics with consideration of the diverse factors and contexts involved is crucial for the advancement of migration health ethics in SEA.
Anaphylaxis events following COVID-19 antiviral and neutralising monoclonal antibody treatment for non-hospitalised patients: data from the OpenSAFELY-TPP platform
Authors: Zheng Bang , Green Amelia CA , Nab Linda , Tazare John , Bechman Katie , Mehrkar Amir , Hulme William J , MacKenna Brian , Goldacre Ben , Douglas Ian , Tomlinson Laurie A ,   The OpenSAFELY Collaborative
Published: September 2023

Background: Limited evidence is available regarding the anaphylaxis risk following the administration of COVID-19 therapeutics. Methods: With the approval of NHS England, we conducted a descriptive analysis of anaphylaxis events following COVID-19 treatment for non-hospitalised patients using routine clinical data from 24 million people in England in the OpenSAFELY-TPP database. Results: We found that the risk of anaphylaxis during the 29 days follow-up was 0.04% for sotrovimab users, 0.03% for Paxlovid users, <0.05% for molnupiravir users, and 0.02% for untreated high-risk patients. Conclusions: Our results suggest that anaphylaxis risks were similar between sotrovimab and Paxlovid users, which were not appreciably different from untreated patients.
Recent Developments in Security-Constrained AC Optimal Power Flow: Overview of Challenge 1 in the ARPA-E Grid Optimization Competition
Authors: Aravena Ignacio , Molzahn Daniel K. , Zhang Shixuan , Petra Cosmin G. , Curtis Frank E. , Tu Shenyinying , Wächter Andreas , Wei Ermin , Wong Elizabeth , Gholami Amin , Sun Kaizhao , Sun Xu Andy , Elbert Stephen T. , Holzer Jesse T. , Veeramany Arun 
Published: September 2023

Intro to the ARPA-E Grid Optimization Competition In “Recent Developments in Security-Constrained AC Optimal Power Flow: Overview of Challenge 1 in the ARPA-E Grid Optimization Competition,” we review the state of the art in practical algorithms for scheduling power-systems operations in the short term and the results of the recent competition organized by the U.S. Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy. We explain the mixed-integer nonlinear formulation used in the competition for nonspecialists in electrical engineering, the context and organization of the competition, and the performance of competitors. We find that the collective approaches and results of competitors provide support for efforts to move nonlinear optimization techniques into industrial applications, as they have proven to be a robust and efficient alternative to current linear approximation techniques.
Robotic Arm-assisted versus Manual (ROAM) total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Clement Nick D. , Galloway Steven , Baron Y. Jenny , Smith Karen , Weir David J. , Deehan David J. 
Published: September 2023

AimsThe primary aim was to assess whether robotic total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) had a greater early knee-specific outcome when compared to manual TKA (mTKA). Secondary aims were to assess whether rTKA was associated with improved expectation fulfilment, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and patient satisfaction when compared to mTKA.MethodsA randomized controlled trial was undertaken, and patients were randomized to either mTKA or rTKA. The primary objective was functional improvement at six months. Overall, 100 patients were randomized, 50 to each group, of whom 46 rTKA and 41 mTKA patients were available for review at six months following surgery. There were no differences between the two groups.ResultsThere was no difference between rTKA and mTKA groups at six months according to the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) functional score (mean difference (MD) 3.8 (95% confidence interval (CI) -5.6 to 13.1); p = 0.425). There was a greater improvement in the WOMAC pain score at two months (MD 9.5 (95% CI 0.6 to 18.3); p = 0.037) in the rTKA group, although by six months no significant difference was observed (MD 6.7 (95% CI -3.6 to 17.1); p = 0.198). The rTKA group were more likely to achieve a minimal important change in their WOMAC pain score when compared to the mTKA group at two months (n = 36 (78.3%) vs n = 24 (58.5%); p = 0.047) and at six months (n = 40 (87.0%) vs n = 29 (68.3%); p = 0.036). There was no difference in satisfaction between the rTKA group (97.8%; n = 45/46) and the mTKA group (87.8%; n = 36/41) at six months (p = 0.096). There were no differences in EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D) utility gain (p ≥ 0.389) or fulfilment of patient expectation (p ≥ 0.054) between the groups.ConclusionThere were no statistically significant or clinically meaningful differences in the change in WOMAC function between mTKA and rTKA at six months. rTKA was associated with a higher likelihood of achieving a clinically important change in knee pain at two and six months, but no differences in knee-specific function, patient satisfaction, health-related quality of life, or expectation fulfilment were observed.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(9):961–970.
Effect of Irrigation Scheduling Methods on Maize Grain Yield and Nitrate Leaching in Central Minnesota
Authors: Singh Gurparteet , Sharma Vasudha , Mulla David , Tahir Muhammad , Fernandez Fabian G. 
Published: September 2023

Highlights

Four irrigation scheduling methods were compared for maize yield vs nitrate-N losses.

Yield was similar with SM, CB, and EPIC, and lower for IMA irrigation scheduling.

Nitrate-N leaching losses were highly dependent on precipitation as well as on the rate and frequency of irrigation.

IMA and EPIC methods should be adopted with further calibration.

ABSTRACT. Coarse-textured soils in the Great Lakes states have limited water holding capacity, which makes irrigation essential to obtain optimum yields for maize; however, excess irrigation has the potential to contaminate ground and surface water resources through deep seepage of applied fertilizers, making irrigation management critical. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different strategies for agricultural irrigation water management on maize grain yield and nitrate leaching losses. In this three-year study (2019-2021), the following four irrigation scheduling strategies were compared under continuous maize cropping systems at two sites in Central Minnesota, Becker and Westport: (1) soil moisture monitoring using soil moisture sensors (SM), (2) checkbook method of irrigation scheduling (CB), (3) irrigation management assistant tool (IMA), and (4) EPIC model auto-irrigation (EPIC). Overall, in comparison to the CB method (highest irrigation method), the SM, IMA, and EPIC methods recommended 2.58%, 51.05%, and 9.27% less water in irrigation, respectively. In terms of grain yield, no significant differences were observed between irrigation treatments at the Becker site. The average maize grain yield at the Becker site was 12.02, 11.97, 11.76, and 10.62 Mg/ha, for SM, CB, EPIC, and IMA treatments, respectively. However, in the drier 2021 season, a grain yield loss of 30%, 27%, and 21% was observed under IMA when compared to SM, CB, and EPIC methods, respectively, at the Becker site. At the Westport site, on average, no significant difference in yield was obtained between SM, CB, and EPIC, however, yield under IMA treatment was significantly lower (12%) than CB. The results suggest that nitrate leaching losses can be significantly reduced by altering the rate and frequency of irrigation. IMA treatment resulted in significantly lower nitrate leaching (62%) than the CB method, reducing nitrate leaching from 35.86 kg/ha to 13.71 kg/ha at the Westport site. No significant differences in nitrate leaching were observed at the Becker site because the impact of precipitation superseded the impact of irrigation. Results from this study can aid in the adoption and further development of less labor-intensive and more accurate methods of irrigation scheduling in coarse-textured soils of Great Lakes states. Keywords: Coarse textured soils, Crop evapotranspiration, Irrigation scheduling methods, Maize grain yield, Nitrate-N leaching, Water quality, Water quantity.
Evaluation of China-ASEAN trade status and trade potential: An empirical study based on a gravity model
Authors: Zhai Huafeng 
Published: September 2023

Objective
The objective of this study was to identify factors influencing the development of China-ASEAN trade- from the total economic volume of both sides, distance, the population size of ASEAN countries, the construction of a free trade area, and the signing of the Belt and Road initiative, resource endowment per capita, the exchange rate between RMB and ASEAN countries, and the land area of ASEAN countries—to develop a conceptual framework for China-ASEAN trade potential.

Study design
This study uses panel data from 2001 to 2021 that is evenly distributed among 10 ASEAN countries to serve as the dataset. Firstly, the unit roots are checked and the cointegration relationships are examined, focusing on the heterogeneity test. Based on the classical trade gravity model, the innovative trade gravity model with key influencing factors is constructed. On the basis of the classical trade gravity model, an innovative trade gravity model of key influencing factors is constructed. The trade potential model is used to calculate the direct trade potential coefficient between China and ASEAN countries, which points out the direction for the sustainability of bilateral trade.

Results
This study finds that among the factors affecting China-ASEAN bilateral trade, the total economic output of both sides, distance, population size of ASEAN countries, the construction of the FTA, and the signing of the Belt and Road Initiative all have a positive impact on bilateral trade. Three influencing factors, namely per capita resource endowment, exchange rate between RMB and ASEAN countries, and the size of ASEAN countries, have a negative impact on bilateral trade, but to a lesser extent. The trade potential between China and Vietnam falls into the category of potential re-modelling, indicating that both sides are currently utilizing their trade potential to the greatest extent possible, that trade growth space is limited, and that new trade opportunities must be discovered. The trade potential index between China and nine ASEAN countries, excluding Vietnam, is in the potential-exploiting category, indicating that the potential has not been fully utilized by both sides and that there is still room for growth in the scale of trade between the two countries.

Conclusion
With the shift of the world’s economic center of gravity in the direction of Asia following COVID-19, China and ASEAN countries should seize the opportunity to strengthen their comprehensive strength and economic aggregates and further develop China’s constructive role in the regional organization. The signing of the Belt and Road Initiative and the construction of a free trade zone has had a positive effect on the development of bilateral trade. Propose that: positive trade factors should continue to be strengthened, trade barriers should be removed, and new dynamics of bilateral trade growth should be enhanced.
Optimization of glycemic control with continuous glucose monitoring in a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Markova T. N. , Yavorskaya V. O. , Subbotina L. S. , Ushakova A. I. 
Published: September 2023

Patients with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) on renal replacement therapy with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) are prone to develop hypoglycemia, as well as high glycemic variability on both dialysis and non-dialysis days. Reliability of glycated hemoglobin in dialysis patients with DM as a marker of carbohydrate metabolism compensation is reduced due to the influence of anemia, uremia, mechanical damage of erythrocytes during diffusion through the dialyzing membrane. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is one of the methods for monitoring and correction glycemic variability in dialysis patients with DM.This article presents a description of a clinical case of the patient with T1DM on MHD receiving insulin therapy using an insulin pump in combination with CGM (FreeStyle Libre portable system) and highlights the difficulties of correcting insulin therapy on dialysis and non-dialysis days.The discussion section presents the JBDS-IP 2022 (UK) recommendations for the correction of insulin therapy in patients with DM on dialysis (it is recommended to reduce the insulin dose by 25% on dialysis days, immediately after the start of the HD procedure). Particular attention is focused on the need for a personalized approach to the correction of insulin therapy in dialysis patients with DM due to the comorbidity of this group of patients and the difficulties in extrapolating recommendations into real clinical practice.
Impact of dapagliflozin on life expectancy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in routine practice
Authors: Antsiferov M. B. , Demidov N. A. , Tabakaev N. A. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Value of diabetes mellitus as social and medical issue seems to be growing worldwide. High rates of concomitant cardiovascular disease represent significant problem for prognosis improvement in diabetes mellitus patients. During analysis of CARDIA-MOS study results overall mortality decrease of 38.6% was demonstrated for sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 dapagliflozin.AIM: To analyze the number of added life years in patients receiving dapagliflozin compared to patients who did not receive hypoglycemic treatment with cardioprotective effects.MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate outcome rates in patients included in CARDIA-MOS register, two samples were formulated according to predetermined criteria: 1) patients who started dapagliflozin treatment in 2017 and received medication for 48 months; 2) control group of patients not receiving cardioprotective hypoglycemic treatment comparable to study group in key characteristics: age, duration of diabetes mellitus, presence of cardiovascular disease, use of insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.RESULTS: Dapagliflozin increased life expectancy. Earlier prescription of treatment was associated with larger difference compared to standard therapy. For patients aged 60 years old dapagliflozin added 3.7 years of life, while in patients aged 75 years — 1.4 years. Demonstrated trend was consistent in analysis using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing.CONCLUSION: Therefore, use of dapagliflozin in real clinical practice was associated with increase in life expectancy. Earlier start of treatment led to higher number of life years added.