bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Comprehensive Inventory of Mindfulness Experiences (CHIME) in English Using Rasch Methodology
Authors: Wilkinson Samuel , Ribeiro Leticia , Krägeloh Christian U. , Bergomi Claudia , Parsons Marie , Siegling Alex , Tschacher Wolfgang , Kupper Zeno , Medvedev Oleg N. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Although mindfulness has been studied for multiple decades, psychometric research has yet to agree upon the optimal way to measure the mindfulness construct. Prior research has identified eight distinct aspects of mindfulness that were not adequately captured by any of the available measures. Hence, the Comprehensive Inventory of Mindfulness Experiences (CHIME) was developed. The CHIME contains 37 items and was originally developed in the German language. The CHIME has demonstrated excellent psychometric properties in both German and Dutch, but so far, no English version has been validated. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the translated English-language CHIME scale using Rasch methodology.

Method
The current study utilized Partial Credit Rasch analysis to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the English CHIME. The sample included responses from 620 participants from the general population residing in the USA. The validity of the English CHIME was examined by correlating its scores with various measures of mindfulness and psychological functioning.

Results
Initial Rasch analysis of the English CHIME showed poor model fit, local dependency, and evidence against the assumption of unidimensionality. Several minor modifications, that involved creating super-items, were required to fit the Rasch model (χ2(45)=31.99, p=0.93). This model displayed evidence of unidimensionality, invariance across personal factors, and a high reliability (PSI=0.92). Ordinal-interval transformation tables were produced, which increase the English CHIME’s precision of measurement. The English CHIME’s external validity was established by moderate–high correlations with other measures of mindfulness and various measures of psychological functioning.

Conclusions
The results of this study provide evidence for the validity of the English CHIME scale, which can be used to assess the overarching construct of mindfulness.
Reconciling East-African Wetland Conservation with Human Needs: Managing Uncertainties in Environmental Policy Design
Authors: Langensiepen Matthias , Opiyo Erick Omwandho , Kaudia Alice A. , Rugege Denis , Richard Kyambadde , Akotsi Erick , Ashitiva Dan , Ningu Julius K. , Munyazikwiye Faustin , Ngaboyamahina Theogene , Urassa Justin K. , Ugen Michael , Sebashongore Dieudonné , Oyieke Helida , Misana Salome , Kammesheidt Ludwig , Becker Mathias 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRapidly developing societies in East-Africa impose increasing pressures on wetlands due to rising food demand and degradation of upland soils. Reconciling wetland conservation with human needs for food and energy is therefore becoming an increasing contentious issue. Stakeholders and actor coalitions generate and apply a great variety of meanings, values, and interests when interacting with wetlands which are hardly predictable. Wetland policy-making is hence fraught with uncertainties which need to be managed for finding solutions to this problem. Based on experiences of a collaborative wetland research in East-Africa we developed a new wetland policy process framework which promotes social deliberation and reconciliation of plural wetland values to reduce these uncertainties. A new cognitive-driven information design (CDID) method has been developed to assist wetland policy-analysts in achieving these aims and also to overcome limitations of prescriptive decision-making. The method employs information and communication technologies to analyze, integrate and visualize complex socio-ecological wetland information for developing policy scenarios. It is applied at all stages of the wetland policy process including agenda setting, identification of plural wetland values, establishment of decision-scenarios, social deliberation during policy formulation, governmental decision-taking, policy implementation and evaluation. A three-stage implementation process is recommended.
Cervical Cancer Knowledge and Screening Patterns in Zuni Pueblo Women in the Southwest United States
Authors: Cartwright Kate , Kosich Mikaela , Gonya Madison , Kanda Deborah , Leekity Samantha , Sheche Judith , Edwardson Nicholas , Pankratz V. Shane , Mishra Shiraz I. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAmerican Indian women experience cervical cancer disparities, including later-stage diagnosis and a higher cervical cancer mortality rate. These disparities are interconnected and linked to cervical cancer screening disparities. Cervical cancer when identified early is highly treatable. Individual- and health system-level factors often contribute to gaps in cervical cancer screening. To better understand the source of these inequities experienced by American Indian women, specifically Zuni women, this paper examines how knowledge about cervical cancer and related risk factors is linked to cervical cancer screening for Zuni women using primary data gathered by the Zuni Health Initiative in 2020 and 2021. We find that of the women who completed the survey (n= 171), women with greater cervical cancer knowledge are statistically significantly more likely to have received cervical cancer screening. Closer examination of knowledge on the specific risk factors for cervical cancer provides evidence upon which to develop a cervical cancer education intervention.
Uncarialines A-E, new alkaloids from Uncaria rhynchophylla and their anticoagulant activity
Authors: Huang Ke-Pu , Xu Li-Li , Li Sheng , Wei Yin-Ling , Yang Lian , Hao Xiao-Jiang , He Hong-Ping , Zhang Yu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUncarialines A-E (1–5), five undescribed monoterpene indole alkaloids, together with five known analogues were obtained from the stems of Uncaria rhynchophylla. Alkaloids 1–3 were unique 3,4-seco-tricyclic alkaloids with a 6/5/10 ring system, while 4 and 5 possessed a rare rearranged scaffold originated from corynantheine-type alkaloids with C-2/C-7 oxidation. Their structures were characterized by a comprehensive analysis of MS, NMR, and ECD. Their effects on blood clotting times of human plasma were evaluated and alkaloid 5 had a slight prolongation effect on both thrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time (p < 0.001).
Graphical Abstract
CMAS deposition rate and sequence effects on cyclic life in gradient testing
Authors: Jun Byung-gun , Jonsson Nils , Jordan Eric H. , Cooper Ryan C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThermal barrier coating (TBC) resistance to varied CMAS deposition rates was experimentally assessed using a temperature gradient rig using a CMAS precursor spray. TBCs were composed of EB-PVD YSZ. Five different deposition rates were tested quantifying life versus deposition rate. A high deposition rate and low deposition rate were selected from those tests for sequence testing. For sequence effect testing CMAS deposition occurred at the initial rate until the expected half-life and then switched to the other rate until failure, in the order of high deposition rate first followed by low deposition rate and vice versa. The results suggest that the order of deposition rates can affect ultimate failure behavior. Specifically applying the CMAS at the low deposition rate extended the life of the sample by a nearly a factor of 2 compared to a virgin sample. At the high deposition rate, the CMAS infiltrated all the way to the bond coat past the estimated freeze line. Data showing the coating life versus CMAS deposition rate and the existence of sequence effects in CMAS dosing are fundamentally important to coating life prediction.
Fairness as adequacy: a sociotechnical view on model evaluation in machine learning
Authors: Grote Thomas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper develops an account of model evaluation—with an emphasis on fairness concerns—that takes the social situatedness of ML models as its starting point. Such a view entails that ML models are not deemed isolated entities, but rather tools, used for specific purposes and potentially impacting their social environment in manifold ways. This shift of perspective opens up a new problem space and facilitates rethinking criteria for model evaluation. By drawing on the adequacy-for-purpose view in philosophy of science, epistemic norms and desiderata for an adequate deployment of ML models along the dimensions of Social Objectives, Measurement, Social Dynamics, and interaction are then identified. The account thus developed also highlights why any auditing of ML models that ought to assist in consequential decision-making cannot be limited to an assessment of statistical properties, but needs to incorporate a variety of methods from the social sciences instead. Moreover, while the process of model evaluation might be deemed as a mere technical exercise, it is in fact riddled by epistemic and morally normative considerations.
Current understanding of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the gene expression and targeted therapy
Authors: Lin Quan-Quan , Sun Jin-Long , Wang Feng , Zhang Hai-Zhong , Zhou Ge , Xi Qing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAdenoid Cystic Carcinoma (ACC) has been considered as a "quiet" tumor. It is typically malignancy arising from exocrine glands with poor long-term prognosis due to high rate of recurrence and distant metastasis. It is characterized by perineural infiltration, distant metastasis, and positive incision edge. Surgery is the first line treatment for ACC, followed by cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy as adjuvant treatments to avoid recurrence. But recurrence or metastasis still occurs in more than 50% ACC. Recurrent and/or metastasis (R/M) ACC is usually incurable, and no systemic agent has been found effective. With the widespread use of whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), its internal oncogenic mechanism is gradually revealed, which involving molecular mutations such as the MYB family gene translocation, Notch signal pathway, DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway and epigenetic molecular mutations. The review helps us to understand the linkage among the pathways and targeted genes in diagnosis and related treatment of ACC till now.
USDA Long-Term Meat Trade Projections: A Comprehensive Evaluation
Authors: Luke Jaime R. , Tonsor Glynn T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe profitability of U.S. meat producers and the utility of U.S. meat consumers are impacted by the trade of meat. USDA publishes the most prominent publicly available meat trade projections. This study finds USDA projections typically underpredict meat export volumes and overpredict meat import volumes. USDA projections outperform naïve projections for beef and pork exports, but naïve projections at times outperform USDA projections for chicken exports and beef and pork imports, especially at shorter horizons. USDA projections exclude variety cuts, which comprise a sizeable share of beef and pork exports. There remains room for improvement in projecting U.S. meat trade.
Building leadership capacity among junior faculty: Evaluating multi-level outcomes of a leadership program
Authors: Fattah Layla , Bloom Lisa , Ventura Cara Della , Gabrilove Janice 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Leadership is recognized as an essential competency across healthcare and science. The LEAD (Leadership Emerging in Academic Departments) program at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS) is a structured 12-month blended learning program that catalyzes personal and professional leadership skills, behaviors, and capacity.

Methods:
Utilizing a post-program survey design, the Leadership Program Outcome Measure (LPOM) explored self-reported impact of the LEAD program on leadership knowledge and skills in relation to personal and organizational leadership constructs. Application of leadership skills to practice was tracked via completion of a leadership-focused capstone project.

Results:
Over 3 cohorts, 76 participants graduated and 50 completed the LPOM survey (68% response rate). Participants self-reported an increase in leadership skills, conveyed plans to use acquired skills in current and future leadership positions, and noted improved leadership skills across the personal and organizational domains. Comparatively less change was detected at the community level. Tracking of capstone projects found that 64% of participants were able to successfully implement their project in practice.

Conclusion:
LEAD was successful in promoting the development of personal and organizational leadership practices. The LPOM evaluation provided a valuable lens through which to assess the individual, interpersonal, and organizational impact of a multidimensional leadership training program.
Quantifying the scientific revolution
Authors: de Courson Benoît , Thouzeau Valentin , Baumard Nicolas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Scientific Revolution represents a turning point in the history of humanity. Yet it remains ill-understood, partly because of a lack of quantification. Here, we leverage large datasets of individual biographies (N= 22,943) and present the first estimates of scientific production during the late medieval and early modern period (1300–1850). Our data reveal striking differences across countries, with England and the United Provinces being much more creative than other countries, suggesting that economic development has been key in generating the Scientific Revolution. In line with recent results in behavioural sciences, we show that scientific creativity and economic development are associated with other kinds of creative activities in philosophy, literature, music and the arts, as well as with inclusive institutions and ascetic religiosity, suggesting a common underlying mindset associated with long-term orientation and exploration. Finally, we investigate the interplay between economic development and cultural transmission (the so-called ‘Republic of Letters’) using partially observed Markov models imported from population biology. Surprisingly, the role of horizontal transmission (from one country to another) seems to have been marginal. Beyond the case of science, our results suggest that economic development is an important factor in the evolution of aspects of human culture.
A 2-year longitudinal evaluation of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with pre-existing anxiety disorders
Authors: McLoughlin A. , Mulholland K. , McMahon E. , Plunkett R. , Hennigan K. , McDonald C. , Hallahan B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectives:To examine if the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with a differential effect over a 2-year time period in relation to its psychological and social impact on patients with established anxiety disorders.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 individuals attending the Galway-Roscommon Mental Health Services in Ireland with an ICD-10 diagnosis of an anxiety disorder. Interviews occurred at three time-points over a 2-year period to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions on anxiety and depressive symptoms, social and occupational functioning, and quality of life.Results:No statistical difference in symptomatology was noted between the three time-points in relation to anxiety symptoms as measured utilising psychometric rating scales (Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) or Likert Scale measures). The greatest impact of COVID-19 at all time-points related to social functioning and quality of life. Significant variability was noted for individual participants. Qualitative analysis noted a tentative optimism for the future in the setting of vaccination and societal re-opening. Fear of re-emerging anxiety symptoms with the removal of societal restrictions was noted.Conclusions:No significant overall change in symptomatology or functioning over time was noted for individuals with pre-existing anxiety disorders, however variability was demonstrated, with some individuals describing ongoing anxiety, social isolation and concern for their future. A strong theme of hope for the future and less concern regarding the COVID-19 pandemic was evident; however tailored supports including the utilisation of tele-psychiatry is suggested, particularly for those experiencing increased anxiety with the removal of societal restrictions.
Adverse childhood experiences and reoccurrence of illness impact the gut microbiome, which affects suicidal behaviours and the phenome of major depression: towards enterotypic phenotypes
Authors: Maes Michael , Vasupanrajit Asara , Jirakran Ketsupar , Klomkliew Pavit , Chanchaem Prangwalai , Tunvirachaisakul Chavit , Plaimas Kitiporn , Suratanee Apichat , Payungporn Sunchai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe first publication demonstrating that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with alterations in the gut microbiota appeared in 2008 (Maeset al., 2008). The purpose of the present study is to delineate a) the microbiome signature of the phenome of depression, including suicidal behaviours (SB) and cognitive deficits; the effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and recurrence of illness index (ROI) on the microbiome; and the microbiome signature of lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc). We determined isometric log-ratio abundances or prevalences of gut microbiome phyla, genera, and species by analysing stool samples from 37 healthy Thai controls and 32 MDD patients using 16S rDNA sequencing. Six microbiome taxa accounted for 36% of the variance in the depression phenome, namelyHungatellaandFusicatenibacter(positive associations) andButyricicoccus, Clostridium, Parabacteroides merdae, andDesulfovibrio piger(inverse association). This profile (labelled enterotype 1) indicates compositional dysbiosis, is strongly predicted by ACE and ROI, and is linked to SB. A second enterotype was developed that predicted a decrease in HDLc and an increase in the atherogenic index of plasma (Bifidobacterium, P. merdae, andRomboutsia were positively associated, whileProteobacteriaandClostridium sensu strictowere negatively associated). Together, enterotypes 1 and 2 explained 40.4% of the variance in the depression phenome, and enterotype 1 in conjunction with HDLc explained 39.9% of the variance in current SB. In conclusion, the microimmuneoxysome is a potential new drug target for the treatment of severe depression and SB and possibly for the prevention of future episodes.
Programmable polymers with shape memory for biomedical applications
Authors: Wang Kaojin , Man Limin , Zhang Meng , Jia Yong-Guang , Zhu X. X. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractShape memory polymers (SMPs) are a type of programmable materials capable of transforming their shapes in a pre-programmed way upon the application of an external stimulus. These materials have been tested for various potential applications particularly in the biomedical field for polymers with general and specific requirements. This review focuses on the recent advances in biomedical applications, including self-tightening sutures, pressure bandages, self-expansion stents, tissue engineering scaffolds, artificial muscles, drug delivery, and orthodontic archwires, after a brief description of the concepts, classifications, programming procedures, and material requirements of SMPs.
MODELING LONG-TERM HUMAN POPULATION DYNAMICS USING KERNEL DENSITY ANALYSIS OF 14C DATA IN THE ATACAMA DESERT (18º–21ºS)
Authors: Mendez-Quiros Pablo , Barceló Juan A , Santana-Sagredo Francisca , Uribe Mauricio 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTFood production is one of the most significant achievements in Andean history. The domestication of plants and animals presented an enormous challenge, relating to changing technologies, settlement patterns, and social organization. This paper aims to assess Atacama Desert population dynamics and their relationship to the domestication of plants and animals through chronological modeling using kernel density estimation on radiocarbon (14C) dates, assuming that a higher 14C probability density is related to more intense human occupation. The analysis is based on a 14C dataset comprising 1003 14C dates (between 11,000 and 150 BP) from 243 archaeological sites in the Arica and Tarapacá regions of northern Chile, collected from published data. We observed two population-dynamics inflection points for these regions. First, starting at ca. 3000 BP, constant population growth occurred, which was related to horticulture in the Arica region and to agriculture in the Tarapacá region. Second, between ca. 1000 and 400 BP, a general population rise occurred due to the consolidation of intensive agriculture in the lowlands and precordillera altitudinal belts in both regions and the integration of the coast and the altiplano into macro-regional population dynamics.
The effectiveness of spiritual care training on medical students’ self-reported competencies: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Vitorino Luciano Magalhães , Machado Teixeira Pedro Henrique , Dominato Patricia Cabrelon , de Azevedo Maria Paula Cunha , Resende Mariana Maciel , Lucchetti Giancarlo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of spiritual care training on medical students’ self-reported competencies.MethodsThis is a quasi-experimental (controlled and non-randomized) study including 115 Brazilian medical students. Participants were enrolled into 2 groups: fourth-year students (n = 64) who received spiritual care training and sixth-year students (n = 51) who did not receive this training – control group (i.e., usual teaching). Participants answered a self-reported Spiritual Care Competence Scale. Comparisons between groups were performed and effect sizes were reported.ResultsProviding a spiritual care training resulted in significantly higher self-reported scores for the dimensions of “Assessment” (d = 0.99), “Improvement of care” (d = 0.69), “Counseling (d = 0.88),” “Referral” (d = 0.75), and “Total Spiritual Care” (d = 1.044) as compared to the control group. Likewise, 21 out of 27 items of the Spiritual Care Competence Scale were significantly higher for the intervention group, presenting effect sizes (d) ranging between 0.428 and 1.032.Significance of resultsMedical students receiving spiritual care training showed greater self-reported competencies as compared to those in the usual teaching. These results reinforce the importance of promoting spirituality teaching in medical schools.