bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Searching for the Sources of Excess Extragalactic Dispersion of FRBs
Authors: Simha Sunil , Lee Khee-Gan , Prochaska J. Xavier , Khrykin Ilya S. , Huang Yuxin , Tejos Nicolas , Marnoch Lachlan , Ata Metin , Bernales Lucas , Bhandari Shivani , Cooke Jeff , T. Deller Adam , Ryder Stuart D. , Zhang Jielai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The FLIMFLAM survey is collecting spectroscopic data of field galaxies near fast radio burst (FRB) sight lines to constrain key parameters describing the distribution of matter in the Universe. In this work, we leverage the survey data to determine the source of the excess extragalactic dispersion measure (DM), compared to Macquart relation estimates of four FRBs: FRB20190714A, FRB20200906A, FRB20200430A, and FRB20210117A. By modeling the gas distribution around the foreground galaxy halos and galaxy groups of the sight lines, we estimate DMhalos, their contribution to the FRB DMs. The FRB20190714A sight line shows a clear excess of foreground halos which contribute roughly two-thirds of the observed excess DM, thus implying a sight line that is baryon dense. FRB20200906A shows a smaller but nonnegligible foreground halo contribution, and further analysis of the intergalactic medium is necessary to ascertain the true cosmic contribution to its DM. FRB20200430A and FRB20210117A show negligible foreground contributions, implying a large host galaxy excess and/or progenitor environment excess.
Identification of Galaxy–Galaxy Strong Lens Candidates in the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey Using Machine Learning
Authors: Zaborowski E. A. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Ashmead F. , Wu J. F. , Morgan R. , Bom C. R. , Shajib A. J. , Birrer S. , Cerny W. , Buckley-Geer E. J. , Mutlu-Pakdil B. , Ferguson P. S. , Glazebrook K. , Lozano S. J. Gonzalez , Gordon Y. , Martinez M. , Manwadkar V. , O’Donnell J. , Poh J. , Riley A. , Sakowska J. D. , Santana-Silva L. , Santiago B. X. , Sluse D. , Tan C. Y. , Tollerud E. J. , Verma A. , Carballo-Bello J. A. , Choi Y. , James D. J. , Kuropatkin N. , Martínez-Vázquez C. E. , Nidever D. L. , Castellon J. L. Nilo , Noël N. E. D. , Olsen K. A. G. , Pace A. B. , Mau S. , Yanny B. , Zenteno A. , Abbott T. M. C. , Aguena M. , Alves O. , Andrade-Oliveira F. , Bocquet S. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Carnero Rosell A. , Carrasco Kind M. , Carretero J. , Castander F. J. , Conselice C. J. , Costanzi M. , Pereira M. E. S. , De Vicente J. , Desai S. , Dietrich J. P. , Doel P. , Everett S. , Ferrero I. , Flaugher B. , Friedel D. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gutierrez G. , Hinton S. R. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , Kuehn K. , Lin H. , Marshall J. L. , Melchior P. , Mena-Fernández J. , Menanteau F. , Miquel R. , Palmese A. , Paz-Chinchón F. , Pieres A. , Malagón A. A. Plazas , Prat J. , Rodriguez-Monroy M. , Romer A. K. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Suchyta E. , To C. , Weaverdyck N. ,   DELVE & DES Collaborations
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We perform a search for galaxy–galaxy strong lens systems using a convolutional neural network (CNN) applied to imaging data from the first public data release of the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey, which contains ∼520 million astronomical sources covering ∼4000 deg2 of the southern sky to a 5σ point–source depth of g = 24.3, r = 23.9, i = 23.3, and z = 22.8 mag. Following the methodology of similar searches using Dark Energy Camera data, we apply color and magnitude cuts to select a catalog of ∼11 million extended astronomical sources. After scoring with our CNN, the highest-scoring 50,000 images were visually inspected and assigned a score on a scale from 0 (not a lens) to 3 (very probable lens). We present a list of 581 strong lens candidates, 562 of which are previously unreported. We categorize our candidates using their human-assigned scores, resulting in 55 Grade A candidates, 149 Grade B candidates, and 377 Grade C candidates. We additionally highlight eight potential quadruply lensed quasars from this sample. Due to the location of our search footprint in the northern Galactic cap (b > 10 deg) and southern celestial hemisphere (decl. < 0 deg), our candidate list has little overlap with other existing ground-based searches. Where our search footprint does overlap with other searches, we find a significant number of high-quality candidates that were previously unidentified, indicating a degree of orthogonality in our methodology. We report properties of our candidates including apparent magnitude and Einstein radius estimated from the image separation.
The Effect of Dust Evolution and Traps on Inner Disk Water Enrichment
Authors: Kalyaan Anusha , Pinilla Paola , Krijt Sebastiaan , Banzatti Andrea , Rosotti Giovanni , Mulders Gijs D. , Lambrechts Michiel , Long Feng , Herczeg Gregory J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Substructures in protoplanetary disks can act as dust traps that shape the radial distribution of pebbles. By blocking the passage of pebbles, the presence of gaps in disks may have a profound effect on pebble delivery into the inner disk, crucial for the formation of inner planets via pebble accretion. This process can also affect the delivery of volatiles (such as H2O) and their abundance within the water snow line region (within a few au). In this study, we aim to understand what effect the presence of gaps in the outer gas disk may have on water vapor enrichment in the inner disk. Building on previous work, we employ a volatile-inclusive disk evolution model that considers an evolving ice-bearing drifting dust population, sensitive to dust traps, which loses its icy content to sublimation upon reaching the snow line. We find that the vapor abundance in the inner disk is strongly affected by the fragmentation velocity (v
f) and turbulence, which control how intense vapor enrichment from pebble delivery is, if present, and how long it may last. Generally, for disks with low to moderate turbulence (α ≤ 1 × 10−3) and a range of v
f, radial locations and gap depths (especially those of the innermost gaps) can significantly alter enrichment. Shallow inner gaps may continuously leak material from beyond it, despite the presence of additional deep outer gaps. We finally find that for realistic v
f (≤10 m s−1), the presence of gaps is more important than planetesimal formation beyond the snow line in regulating pebble and volatile delivery into the inner disk.
SRGeJ045359.9+622444: A 55 Minute Period Eclipsing AM Canum Venaticorum Star Discovered from a Joint SRG/eROSITA + ZTF Search
Authors: Rodriguez Antonio C. , Galiullin Ilkham , Gilfanov Marat , Kulkarni Shrinivas R. , Khamitov Irek , Bikmaev Ilfan , van Roestel Jan , Yungelson Lev , El-Badry Kareem , Sunayev Rashid , Prince Thomas A. , Buntov Mikhail , Caiazzo Ilaria , Drake Andrew , Gorbachev Mark , Graham Matthew J. , Gumerov Rustam , Irtuganov Eldar , Laher Russ R. , Masci Frank J. , Medvedev Pavel , Purdum Josiah , Sakhibullin Nail , Sklyanov Alexander , Smith Roger , Szkody Paula , Vanderbosch Zachary P. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
AM Canum Venaticorum (AM CVn) systems are ultracompact binaries where a white dwarf accretes from a helium-rich degenerate or semidegenerate donor. Some AM CVn systems will be among the loudest sources of gravitational waves for the upcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna; yet the formation channel of AM CVns remains uncertain. We report the study and characterization of a new eclipsing AM CVn, SRGeJ045359.9+622444 (hereafter, SRGeJ0453), discovered from a joint Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) Extended Roentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array (eROSITA) mission and Zwicky Transient Facility program to identify cataclysmic variables (CVs). We obtained optical photometry to confirm the eclipse of SRGeJ0453 and determine the orbital period to be

P

orb

=
55.0802
±
0.0003

min

. We constrain the binary parameters by modeling the high-speed photometry and radial-velocity curves and find M
donor = 0.044 ± 0.024M
⊙ and R
donor = 0.078 ± 0.012R
⊙. The X-ray spectrum is approximated by a power-law model with an unusually flat photon index of Γ ∼ 1 previously seen in magnetic CVs with SRG/eROSITA, but verifying that the magnetic nature of SRGeJ0453 requires further investigation. Optical spectroscopy suggests that the donor star of SRGeJ0453 could have initially been a He star or a He white dwarf. SRGeJ0453 is the ninth eclipsing AM CVn system published to date, and its lack of optical outbursts have made it elusive in previous surveys. The discovery of SRGeJ0453 using joint X-ray and optical surveys highlights the potential for discovering similar systems in the near future.
An Extreme Black Hole in the Recurrent X-Ray Transient XTE J2012+381
Authors: Draghis Paul A. , Miller Jon M. , Brumback McKinley C. , Fabian Andrew C. , Tomsick John A. , Zoghbi Abderahmen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The black hole (BH) candidate XTE J2012+381 underwent an outburst at the end of 2022. We analyzed 105 NICER observations and two NuSTAR observations of the source during the outburst. The NuSTAR observations of the M ∼ 10 M
⊙ BH indicate clear signs of relativistic disk reflection, which we modeled to measure a BH spin of

a
=

0.988

−
0.030

+
0.008

and an inclination of

θ
=

68

−
11

+
6

deg (1σ statistical errors). In our analysis, we test an array of models and examine the effect of fitting NuSTAR spectra alone versus fitting simultaneously with NICER. We find that when the underlying continuum emission is properly accounted for, the reflected emission is similarly characterized by multiple models. We combined 52 NICER spectra to obtain a spectrum with an effective exposure of 190 ks in order to probe the presence of absorption lines that would be suggestive of disk winds, but the resulting features were not statistically significant. We discuss the implications of this measurement in relation to the overall BH spin distribution in X-ray binary systems.
False-positive Self-lensing Events: TESS Observing Asteroid-crossing Events in Disguise
Authors: Sorabella Nicholas M. , Laycock Silas G. T. , Neeley Liam J. , Christodoulou Dimitris M. , Bhattacharya Sayantan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We report observations of four asteroid-crossing events in Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite light curves masquerading as self-lensing pulses from binary systems containing main-sequence stars and black hole or neutron-star companions. The observed changes in flux and the durations of the events appear to be consistent with self-lensing pulses provided that (a) the compact-object mass is greater than 2 solar masses, and (b) the transit is not a perfect alignment, i.e., the center of the lens is not passing directly in front of the center of the source. We examine the relationship between the physical characteristics of these asteroid crossings and the derived parameters of our self-lensing model fits to the data sets. As the search for new self-lensing systems continues, we caution observers about such false-positive signals imitating real self-lensing pulses.
Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Hard X-Ray Sources in a Flare Model with a Vertical Current Sheet
Authors: Shabalin Alexander N. , Ovchinnikova Evgeniia P. , Charikov Yuri E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We analyzed changes in the height of the coronal hard X-ray (HXR) source for flares SOL2013-05-13T01:50 and SOL2013-05-13T15:51. Analysis of the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager data revealed the downward motion of the HXR source and the separation of the sources by energy and height. In the early stages of the flares, a negative correlation was found between the HXR source area in the corona and HXR flux. For the SOL2013-05-13T15:51 event, an increasing trend in the time delay spectra at the footpoints was obtained. For both events, the spectra of the time delays in the coronal HXR source showed a decreasing trend with energy in certain flare phases. To interpret the observed phenomena, we considered a flare model of collapsing traps and calculated the distribution functions of accelerated electrons along the magnetic loop using a nonstationary relativistic kinetic equation. This approach considers betatron and Fermi first-order acceleration mechanisms. The increasing trend of the time delay spectra at the footpoints was explained by the high mirror ratio in the magnetic loop and betatron acceleration mechanism. The observed features in the spatial and temporal behavior of the HXR sources, such as the negative correlation between the HXR source area and HXR flux, can be interpreted by the collapsing trap model.
Completeness of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) Local Volume Sample
Authors: Cook D. O. , Mazzarella J. M. , Helou G. , Alcala A. , Chen T. X. , Ebert R. , Frayer C. , Kim J. , Lo T. , Madore B. F. , Ogle P. M. , Schmitz M. , Singer L. P. , Terek S. , Valladon J. , Wu X. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We introduce the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) Local Volume Sample (NED-LVS), a subset of ∼1.9 million objects with distances out to 1000 Mpc. We use UV and IR fluxes available in NED from all-sky surveys to derive physical properties, and estimate the completeness relative to the expected local luminosity density. The completeness relative to near-IR luminosities (which traces a galaxy’s stellar mass) is roughly 100% at D < 30 Mpc and remains moderate (70%) out to 300 Mpc. For brighter galaxies (≳L
*), NED-LVS is ∼100% complete out to ∼400 Mpc. When compared to other local Universe samples (GLADE and HECATE), all three are ∼100% complete below 30 Mpc. At distances beyond ∼80 Mpc, NED-LVS is more complete than both GLADE and HECATE by ∼10%–20%. NED-LVS is the underlying sample for the NED gravitational-wave follow-up service (NED-GWF), which provides prioritized lists of host candidates for GW events within minutes of alerts issued by the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA collaboration. We test the prioritization of galaxies in the volume of GW170817 by three physical properties, where we find that both stellar mass and inverse specific star formation rate place the correct host galaxy in the top 10. In addition, NED-LVS can be used for a wide variety of other astrophysical studies: galaxy evolution, star formation, large-scale structure, galaxy environments, and more. The data in NED are updated regularly, and NED-LVS will be updated concurrently. Consequently, NED-LVS will continue to provide an increasingly complete sample of galaxies for a multitude of astrophysical research areas for years to come.
Comparative study of effect of phacoemulsification on central macular thickness in diabetic and nondiabetic patients assessed with spectral domain optical coherence tomography
Authors: Hasan Mohd Ghaniul , Agrawal Ajai , Singh Anupam , Mittal Sanjeev Kumar , Sinha Smita , Samanta Ramanuj 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
The aim of this work was to study the effect of uneventful phacoemulsification on central macular thickness (CMT) in diabetic and nondiabetic patients as assessed with spectral domain-optical coherence tomography.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective, observational, comparative, cohort study was carried out at a tertiary care center in North India from January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2019. A total of 90 diabetic patients and 95 nondiabetic controls undergoing phacoemulsification surgery were evaluated. CMT and visual acuity (VA) were noted preoperatively and postoperatively at the 6th and 12th weeks, respectively.

Results:
A total of 185 patients, 95 nondiabetic, and 90 diabetic patients were included in the study. The mean age (years) of the study population was 64.56 (10.38). The subclinical increase in macular thickness was maximum at 6 weeks postoperatively (P < 0.001) and was more in diabetic as compared to nondiabetic patients. Final macular thickness at 12 weeks was comparable in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients (P < 0.05). However, the difference in change in macular thickness (preoperative versus postoperative) between the two groups was not clinically significant at 6 weeks (0.67 µm) and 12 weeks (0.08 µm).

Conclusion:
Uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery with posterior chamber implantation of an intraocular lens is associated with subclinical macular thickening. However, there is no significant increase in macular thickness after phacoemulsification, irrespective of the glycemic status.
Bilateral vision loss as first presentation of vestibular schwannoma
Authors: Shrinkhal  , Kumar Arviand , Soni Annanya , Singh Suyash , Kanchan Arvind , Maurya Shailja , Gupta Shruti 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Vestibular schwannoma is a benign, slow-growing tumor of the vestibular nerve, located at cerebellopontine angle. It is derived from the Schwann cells of the myelin sheath of cranial nerve eight. We present here a unique case of vestibular schwannoma, who visited us with a primary complaint of bilateral decreased vision. Detailed examination revealed bilateral papilloedema associated with right-sided cranial nerve five and eight involvements. Patient was operated for the right-sided cerebellopontine angle tumor under intraoperative neuromonitoring. Postoperatively, patient showed significant improvement, both symptomatically and clinically.
Ocular perspective of mucopolysaccharidosis
Authors: Shrinkhal  , Kothari Ashish , Mamgain Garima 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA hereditary condition known as mucopolysaccharidosis is characterized by a lack of enzymes necessary for the breakdown of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). GAG is improperly broken down, resulting in extensive lysosomal buildup throughout the different organs. From minor systemic and ocular involvement to a severe phenotype that can be lethal even in the few months of life, the clinical spectrum varies. Physical and cognitive skills are further hampered by visual impairment brought on by corneal clouding, retinopathy, and optic nerve involvement. Enzyme replacement therapy and bone marrow transplants are two examples of treatment methods that help patients live longer and better lives. The preferred course of treatment for people with visibly significant corneal clouding is keratoplasty. A thorough preoperative evaluation and patient counseling regarding the anticipated visual outcomes as well as postoperative complications such as graft re-opacification, rejection, and glaucoma should be conducted. Future therapies such as substrate reduction therapy and targeted gene therapy may be able to reverse corneal clouding. These therapeutic approaches are still in the testing phase.
Solitary choroidal mass: A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Sood Gitanjli , Mahajan Sandeep , Sood Shilpa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We report a case of 46-year-old male who had progressive visual loss in right eye for 1 month, preceded by pain. He had visual acuity of hand movement at presentation and examination revealed a choroidal mass lesion in the superior quadrant with exudative retinal detachment. Systemic workup was inconclusive. Fluorescein angiography revealed speckled fluorescence contrary to hypo fluorescence of choroiditis, and the presence of T sign on B-scan led us to the diagnosis of nodular posterior scleritis (NPS). The patient was treated with oral steroids and visual acuity recovered to 6/6. NPS can present as a choroidal mass resembling granuloma; careful workup and investigations can diagnose the entity and result in good treatment outcome.
Comparative evaluation of anxiety level during restorative treatment using no music, monaural beats, and binaural auditory beats as audio distraction behavior guidance technique in children aged 6–12 years: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Bhusari Bhuvanesh Nitin , Hugar Shivayogi M. , Kohli Neha , Karmarkar Sanika , Gokhale Niraj , Saxena Nivedita 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Binaural auditory beat is an auditory illusion perceived when two different pure-tone sine waves with less than a 30 Hz difference are presented to a listener dichotically. Monaural beat stimulation is achieved by the superposition of amplitude-modulated signals of nearby frequencies to both ears simultaneously.

Aim:
The study aims to evaluate and compare anxiety level during restorative treatment using no music, monaural beats, and binaural auditory beats as audio distraction behavior guidance techniques in children aged 6–12 years.

Settings and Design:
Three-arm, parallel-group randomized study was conducted in the department of pediatric and preventive dentistry.

Materials and Methods:
The sample size of 45 participants was calculated and allocated into three groups as no music, monaural beats, and binaural auditory beats group. Teeth with Class I cavity in primary or permanent molars were prepared and restored. Anxiety was measured pre and postintervention using pulse oximeter and Venham’s picture test.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data obtained were analyzed with SPSS software version 20.0 and were carried out using one-way analysis of variance and dependent t-test and significance value < 0.05 was considered.

Results:
Binaural auditory beats and monaural beats showed a better reduction in anxiety levels as per Venham’s picture test scores with statistically significant “P” value 0.0001 and 0.064, respectively. Likewise, binaural auditory beats showed better reduction in anxiety levels as per pulse rate scores with statistically significant “P” value 0.0001 as compared to conventional treatment technique.

Conclusion:
Binaural auditory beat was found to be the most effective followed by the monaural beat compared to the control group. Thus, binaural auditory beats and monaural beats can be used effectively as an essential aid to reduce anxiety in children.
Assessment of changes in Streptococcus pyogenes levels using N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase marker and pharyngeal airway space with appliance therapy in mouth breathers – An ELISA-based study
Authors: Singh Meha , Mathur Shivani , Jhingan Pulkit , Jain Anshi 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The frequency of adenotonsillar hypertrophy in mouth-breathing children when compared to the average found in the general population is considered to be higher. Mouth breathing is considered as one of the causative factors for tonsillitis in children. Through continuous irritation on tonsillar wall, tonsils swell up and inflammation develops.

Purpose:
The purpose of the study is to evaluate Streptococcus pyogenes count using colony-forming units (CFUs) and N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase side chain marker on ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) in mouth breathers and to establish its correlation with pharyngeal airway space pre- and post-oral screen appliance therapy.

Materials and Methods:
A total number of 24 (n) mouth breathers aged between 5 and 12 years were included in the study and given oral screen appliance therapy. The subjects were evaluated for the various parameters before the delivery of a habit-breaking appliance and then reevaluated for the same parameters (presence of S. pyogenes and its counts, size of tonsils, and pharyngeal airway space dimensions) after 6 months of appliance usage.

Results:
A statistically significant difference was seen in levels of S. pyogenes using ELISA and CFUs. Furthermore, statistically significant difference was observed in Friedman tonsil scoring and pharyngeal airway space and pre- and post-oral screen appliance therapy.

Conclusion:
Oral screen appliance therapy reduced the frequency of occurrence of tonsillitis in mouth breathers by decreasing the counts of S. pyogenes bacteria. Upper and lower pharyngeal airway space dimensions were increased after 6 months of appliance therapy in mouth breathers.