bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotion recognition using spatial-temporal EEG features through convolutional graph attention network
Authors: Li Zhongjie , Zhang Gaoyan , Wang Longbiao , Wei Jianguo , Dang Jianwu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. Constructing an efficient human emotion recognition model based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is significant for realizing emotional brain–computer interaction and improving machine intelligence. Approach. In this paper, we present a spatial-temporal feature fused convolutional graph attention network (STFCGAT) model based on multi-channel EEG signals for human emotion recognition. First, we combined the single-channel differential entropy (DE) feature with the cross-channel functional connectivity (FC) feature to extract both the temporal variation and spatial topological information of EEG. After that, a novel convolutional graph attention network was used to fuse the DE and FC features and further extract higher-level graph structural information with sufficient expressive power for emotion recognition. Furthermore, we introduced a multi-headed attention mechanism in graph neural networks to improve the generalization ability of the model. Main results. We evaluated the emotion recognition performance of our proposed model on the public SEED and DEAP datasets, which achieved a classification accuracy of 99.11% ± 0.83% and 94.83% ± 3.41% in the subject-dependent and subject-independent experiments on the SEED dataset, and achieved an accuracy of 91.19% ± 1.24% and 92.03% ± 4.57% for discrimination of arousal and valence in subject-independent experiments on DEAP dataset. Notably, our model achieved state-of-the-art performance on cross-subject emotion recognition tasks for both datasets. In addition, we gained insight into the proposed frame through both the ablation experiments and the analysis of spatial patterns of FC and DE features. Significance. All these results prove the effectiveness of the STFCGAT architecture for emotion recognition and also indicate that there are significant differences in the spatial-temporal characteristics of the brain under different emotional states.
Harmonic Voltage Amplitude Calculation and Fundamental Amplitude Correction Based on Synchronized SVPWM of Two-level VSI under Low Switching Frequency
Authors: Hu Yueqiang , Jiang Fengguang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The switching frequency of two-level VSI is usually limited to a very low level for high-power drives to minimize the switching losses. For the synchronized SVPWM under low switching frequency, there will be a relative deviation of fundamental amplitude between the output voltage and the reference voltage. To solve this problem, in this paper, a method to calculate the amplitude of output phase voltage harmonics under synchronized SVPWM is proposed, and an online fundamental amplitude correction method is proposed based on this calculation result.
Flexible piezoelectric nanocomposites based on PVDF-HFP/PLA blend doped PZT
Authors: Oumghar K , Chakhchaoui N , Eddiai A , Cherkaoui O , Mazroui M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the present work, we studied the effect of adding PZT nanoparticles to PVDF-HFP/PLA matrix on piezoelectric properties of blend-based nanocomposites. Polyvinylidene fluoride hexafluoro-propylene /Polylactic acid /Lead titanate zirconate (PVdF-HFP/PLA/PZT) films nanocomposites were prepared by solvent casting technique using different percentages of PZT Nano fillers. The different samples were characterized by Polarized optical microscope (POM), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
POM images indicate uniform distribution of PZT Nano fillers in the PVdF-HFP/PLA matrix. FTIR analysis reveals the appearance of β-phase in nanocomposites and the enhancement of their piezoelectric properties. These electroactive nanocomposites thin films are a potential candidate for the piezoelectric Nano generators, energy storage devices and energy harvesting applications.
Investigation of conductive printed thermoplastic polyurethane nanofibers to detect the clogging of air filters
Authors: Mohamadi Parian , Mohsenzadeh Elham , Cochrane Cedric , Koncar Vladan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recently, air pollution attracted many worries because of its high number of deaths per year. To solve the problem, the industries are trying to fabricate the giant air filtration system for public areas. However, the clogging of air filters should be detected in real-time to change or clean them. E-textile is a very fascinating field, which is often used in medical, safety, military and clogging detection applications. These components are integrated into soft textile materials according to their usage requirements. One of the most attractive textile structures is the nanofibers due to their advantageous properties such as porosity, lightweight, and high surface area. To have conductive nanofiber-based membrane sensors, two in situ electrical conductivity principles using conductive particles and surface conductivity, such as immersion and printing methods are recommended. In this research, the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers’ membranes are produced using an electrospinning system and the carbon ink was printed on the surface of nanofibers to apply in textile sensors applications. SEM images showed the uniform structure of the nanofibers and the porosity of the system even after printing. The electromechanical properties of printed membranes demonstrated the change of electrical resistance under stretch. Conclusively, these conductive membranes could be employed as strain sensors to detect the small changes in the output airflow indicated the possible clogging of air filters.
Smart apparel design for urinary incontinence detection
Authors: Coulombe A , Guérineau J , Mezghani N 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A wide range of wearable devices are now used to help people with various health conditions. While approximately 10% of the Canadian population is affected by some form of urinary incontinence, there is a significant need for devices addressing this condition. This paper presents an ongoing research project for the design and development of an underwear fitted with urinary detection capacities. The paper focuses on the testing and comparison of three different solutions identified from scientific literature for detecting urinary leakage, namely by measuring conductivity, temperature, and humidity. These three detection modules have been integrated into a single prototype to ensure that they are tested under the same conditions. Our results point out that conductivity and humidity measurements appear to be viable for urine leakage detection in an absorbent pad, whereas temperature measurement has proven to be unsuccessful due to the rapid drop of the solution temperature and the time required for the liquid to reach the sensor. The temperature method is hence excluded from the next development stages. Finally, further tests on participants are still required to evaluate how body fluids other than urine might impact conductivity and humidity measurements.
Simulation techniques for smart textile predictive design
Authors: Knowles Caitlin G. , Ju Beomjun , Sennik Busra , Mills Amanda C. , Jur Jesse S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Smart textiles must combine both textile and electronic systems into one product. This presents challenges as each industry has their own design and evaluation standards that are not compatible with one another. As such, smart textile designers tend to rely heavily on the production and iteration of physical prototypes to create a product that meets the specified design criteria. One emerging tool in the apparel industry that has potential to shorten the prototyping cycle is 3D CAD for textiles, also known as 3D garment simulation. While typically used for apparel design and e-commerce, this work presents two case studies that demonstrate how 3D garment simulation can be used as a tool for predictive design of smart textile products. In particular, how strain-dependent properties such as resistance and contact pressure can be predicted and how designs can be optimized to achieve certain performance metrics.
Manufacturing of near-net-shape composite parts using Tailored Fiber Placement preforms
Authors: Bélanger Marie-Claude , Forcier Patricia , Bujold Alain , Pesant Simon , Pagé Serge 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper demonstrates the feasibility of manufacturing a light and low cost near-net-shape vertebra from Tailored Fiber Placement (TFP) preforms. The TFP preforms were produced flat and sewn together at the ends by a classic sewing process. Low pressure Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) was used for the consolidation and impregnation of the preforms. The molding strategy was oriented towards the use of silicone conformers to ensure a compaction that well fits the preform despite its imperfections. The resulting part required a light finishing. The mass was reduced by 40% and the manufacturing cost by 76% compared to the original part.
Study and characterization of Moroccan wool fibers for the development of non-woven products
Authors: Aazou Nabil , Nadi Ayoub , Cherkaoui Omar , Gmouh Said 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Wool fibers have been used as textile raw materials for clothing and home textiles for many years. Recently, it has also been increasingly used in technical textile applications. However, man-made fibers dominate the market and minimize the importance of wool in the textile industry. On the other hand, the great future opportunity for wool is the growing interest of consumers in natural, renewable and sustainable materials. In addition, in the past few decades, wool production has improved significantly in terms of yield and quality.
In this study we have characterized and applied different analysis on the physical and chemical properties of raw Moroccan wool using various instruments such as FTIR and OFDA, etc., and several test methods according international standards like grease rate, alkali content, acid content, Solubility in alkali and Tensile strength, etc. The aim of our study is to determine the potential use of wool for elaboration of nonwoven textile for a technical use and determine their end-use applications.
Silica-Xerogel Coated Cotton as Multifunctional Textile: Development and Characterization
Authors: Assal M. , El Wazna M. , Oumghar K. , El Bouchti M. , El Bouari A. , Cherkaoui O. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Silica xerogel has attracted increasingly more attention in the field of thermal insulation as its extraordinary properties such as thermal conductivity, fire resistance, hydrophobicity and low density. This work focuses on the development of new insulating material, based on the xerogel as charge for cotton fabric. The composite was developed using vacuum molding process. The microstructure has been determined in each materials using SEM observations, and have a good hydrophobicity which the contact angle is 125°. The results obtained from this study can be useful to develop new low cost, sustainable, light product, insulation and environmentally friendly materials.
Incidence of Childbirth, Pregnancy, Spontaneous Abortion, and Induced Abortion Among Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in a Nationwide Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Paulsen Fie W , Tetens Malte M , Vollmond Cecilie V , Gerstoft Jan , Kronborg Gitte , Johansen Isik S , Larsen Carsten S , Wiese Lothar , Dalager-Pedersen Michael , Lunding Suzanne , Nielsen Lars N , Weis Nina , Obel Niels , Omland Lars H , Lebech Anne-Mette 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundReproductive health in women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (WWH) has improved in recent decades. We aimed to investigate incidences of childbirth, pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, and induced abortion among WWH in a nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study.MethodsWe included all WWH aged 20–40 years treated at an HIV healthcare center in Denmark from 1995 to 2021 and a matched comparison cohort of women from the general population (WGP). We calculated incidence rates per 1000 person-years and used Poisson regression to calculate adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs) of childbirth, pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, and induced abortion stratified according to calendar periods (1995–2001, 2002–2008, and 2009–2021).ResultsWe included 1288 WWH and 12 880 WGP; 46% of WWH were of African origin, compared with 1% of WGP. Compared with WGP, WWH had a decreased incidence of childbirth (aIRR, 0.6 [95% confidence interval, .6–.7]), no difference in the incidence of pregnancy (0.9 [.8–1.0]) or spontaneous abortion (0.9 [.8–1.0]), but an increased incidence of induced abortion (1.9 [1.6–2.1]) from 1995 to 2021. The aIRRs for childbirth, pregnancy, and spontaneous abortion increased from 1995–2000 to 2009–2021, while the aIRR for induced abortion remained increased across all time periods for WWH.ConclusionsFrom 1995 to 2008, the incidences of childbirth, pregnancy, and spontaneous abortion were decreased among WWH compared with WGP. From 2009 to 2021, the incidence of childbirth, pregnancy, and spontaneous abortion no longer differed among WWH compared with WGP. The incidence of induced abortions remains increased compared with WGP.
Dynamics of Large Multinationals
Authors: Helpman Elhanan , Niswonger Benjamin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Multinational enterprises are very large multi-product firms. To capture salient features of the data, we develop a model of large multinational enterprises, each one producing a continuum of products. These outsized firms compete as oligopolists in domestic and foreign markets, facing competitive pressure from monopolistically competitive single-product firms. The multinational enterprises engage in foreign direct investment (FDI) in order to expand the product scope of their foreign affiliates, and they invest in research and development (R&D) in order to invent new products. We study the dynamic evolution of these enterprises and characterize transition dynamics and steady states. We also characterize the evolution of prices, markups, market shares, and exports relative to subsidiary sales. Furthermore, we study comparative dynamics that result from changes in trade costs, R&D costs, FDI costs, and productivity. Finally, we illustrate the use of our model for an analysis of mergers.
‘Moving On’—investigating inventors’ ethnic origins using supervised learning
Authors: Niggli Matthias 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPatent data provides rich information about technical inventions, but does not disclose the ethnic origin of inventors. In this article, I use supervised learning techniques to infer this information. To do so, I construct a dataset of 96′777 labeled names and train an artificial recurrent neural network with long short-term memory (LSTM) to predict ethnic origins based on names. The trained network achieves an overall performance of 91.4% across 18 ethnic origins. I use this model to predict and investigate the ethnic origins of 2.68 million inventors and provide novel descriptive evidence regarding their ethnic origin composition over time and across countries and technological fields. The global ethnic origin composition has become more diverse over the last decades, which was mostly due to a relative increase of Asian origin inventors. Furthermore, the prevalence of foreign-origin inventors is especially high in the USA, but has also increased in other high-income economies. This increase was mainly driven by an inflow of non-Western inventors into emerging high-technology fields for the USA, but not for other high-income countries.
Differentiating Reasons for Young Adult E-cigarette Use Using Maximum Difference Choice Models
Authors: Stone Matthew D , Braymiller Jessica L , Strong David R , Cwalina Sam N , Dimofte Claudiu V , Barrington-Trimis Jessica L 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionUnderstanding the reasons young adults use e-cigarettes (ie, vape)—and whether these motivations vary across groups—is essential for informing tobacco regulatory efforts.Aims and MethodsAn online panel of young adults who vape (n = 230; age = 18–30 years) completed a maximum difference discrete choice task for 15 reasons for vaping. Over 9 choice sets, participants were presented a subset of 5 reasons and selected the most and least important. Hierarchical bayesian analysis estimated the relative importance of each reason. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified groups with similarly ranked reasons for use. Multinomial regression evaluated the association between sample characteristics and class membership.ResultsOverall, relaxation had the highest probability of being the most important reason for use (14.8%), followed by harm reduction (13.2%), and flavors (10.3%). LCA identified five distinct classes, based on top reasons for use: 1. cessation (cigarette cessation [20.2%]; n = 80); 2. dependence (relaxation [20.5%] and unable to quit [19.2%]; n = 21); 3. relaxation (relaxation [20.6%]; n = 66); 4. socializing (socializing [22.2%]; n = 27); and 5. variable (boredom [10.5%] and acceptability [10.2%]; n = 36). Participants who were older, smoked cigarettes, or vaped more frequently were more likely to belong to the cessation class while those who were younger or more e-cigarette dependent were more likely to belong to the dependence class.ConclusionsPerceived reasons why young adults vape are highly heterogeneous and dependent on the type of user. Tobacco regulatory efforts targeting distinct types of vapers are needed to minimize the adverse public health impact of vaping without compromising appeal for smoking cessation.ImplicationsE-cigarette use remains high among young adults, with flavors, cost, and harm reduction (vs. combustible cigarettes) among the mostly commonly reported reasons for use. Yet, little is known about how relatively important these reasons are to the individual. Leveraging a maximum difference task, young adults’ reasons for use were evaluated on a common interval scale and groups sharing similar reasons identified. Smoking cessation, dependence, relaxation, socialization, and boredom were respectively the most important reasons for use among five classes of vapers. E-cigarette regulatory policies should consider the distinct reasons for use as to not compromise their appeal for smoking cessation.
Work-related injuries and attendance at a Canadian regional emergency department
Authors: McMullin B , Fraser J , Robinson B , French J , Adisesh A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Monitoring trends in the burden of illness and injury attributable to work is key in assessing occupational health hazards; however, New Brunswick does not participate in the Canadian National Ambulatory Care Reporting System which itself does not collect details of occupation and industry.

Aims
We set out to determine the proportion of emergency department attendances that were attributable to a work-related cause. We also wanted to evaluate the recording of occupation in the electronic health record system, and to describe the characteristics of patients with a work-related presentation.

Methods
A retrospective observational study over a 1-year period was conducted using an administrative database obtained from Canadian Emergency Department Information System. Descriptive statistics are used to present the analysis of categorical and continuous data.

Results
A total of 49 365 patients were included for analysis. Two per cent of patients presented with a self-reported work-related condition. Health care and social assistance, construction, retail trade and manufacturing were the most common industries reported by patients.

Conclusions
This study found the rate of work-related medical conditions to be substantially less than expected, and that occupation was not captured for any patients presenting to the emergency department with a work-related condition, despite a field being available in the electronic health record registration system. We were able to analyse the industry sectors for work-related presentations. The recording and coding of occupation and industry would significantly benefit occupational epidemiology in emergency medicine as well as potentially improving patient outcomes and health system efficiencies.
Phase II Trials of Iniparib (BSI-201) in Combination with Gemcitabine and Carboplatin in Patients with Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Penson Richard T , Ambrosio Allison J , Whalen Christin A , Krasner Carolyn N , Konstantinopoulos Panagiotis A , Bradley Charles , Matulonis Ursula A , Birrer Michael J 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIniparib (BSI-201), a novel anticancer agent thought to have poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitory activity and synergy with both gemcitabine and carboplatin (GC) was evaluated in 2 cohorts with GC.MethodsParallel multicenter, single-arm, phase II studies using a Simon two-stage design. Eligible patients had a histological diagnosis of epithelial ovarian carcinoma, fallopian tube cancer, or primary peritoneal carcinoma and demonstration of platinum-sensitive (≥6 months [mo]) or -resistant disease (relapse 2-6 mo post-platinum). Carboplatin (AUC 4 IV day 1), gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2 IV days 1 and 8), and iniparib (5.6 mg/kg IV days 1, 4, 8, and 11) were given on a 21-day cycle.ResultsThe overall response rate (ORR RECIST 1.0) in platinum sensitive disease was 66% (95% CI, 49-80) with a higher response rate in the 15 pts with germline BRCA mutations (gBRCAmut) (73%). Median PFS was 9.9 (95% CI, 8.2-11.3) months. In the platinum resistant population the ORR was 26% (95% CI, 14-42), however in the 11 pts for whom BRCA mutation was present, the best overall response was PR in 5 (46%). Median PFS was 6.8 months (range, 5.7-7.7 months). Notably, among the 17 CA-125-response-evaluable patients who did not achieve tumor response, 7 (41.2%) patients had a CA125 response, and 93% has clinical benefit (CR + PR + SD). The GCI combination was generally well tolerated despite a high incidence of thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, with no new toxicities.ConclusionsGiven the subsequent lack of efficacy demonstrated for iniparib in breast cancer, these are studies of GC and demonstrate a higher than traditionally appreciated activity in patients with platinum-sensitive and -resistant recurrent ovarian cancer, especially in patients that harbor a BRCA mutation, resetting the benchmark for efficacy in phase II trials. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT01033292 & NCT01033123).