bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gesundheitshotline 1450: Potenziale in städtischen Gebieten
Niederösterreichs. Eine retrospektive Analyse.
Authors: Schullern Christoph , Nöhammer Elisabeth 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Gesellschaftliche (Erwartungs-)Veränderungen,
Effizienzbestrebungen in den Gesundheitssystemen und zum Teil hoher
individueller Beratungsbedarf wegen geringer Gesundheitskompetenz stehen
einander gegenüber. Triagierende Gesundheitshotlines, die Anrufende an
best Points of Care (POC) weiterleiten, sind mögliche
Lösungsansätze. Ziel der Studie ist, die Potenziale der
österreichischen Gesundheitshotline 1450 hinsichtlich Vermittlung des
POC zu analysieren, um Muster und Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten zu
erkennen.
Methode Daten von 01.01.– 31.12.2019 von zwei städtischen
Gebieten Niederösterreichs mit deren Top fünf Systemdiagnosen
und fünf häufigsten POC pro Stadt werden retrospektiv analysiert
und verglichen. Pandemiebedingte Verzerrungen werden so verhindert.
Ergebnisse Die häufigsten fünf Anrufgründe
unterscheiden sich je nach Stadt, es ergeben sich damit sechs in der
Gesamtstichprobe (n=4376): Erbrechen (4,8%),
Rückenschmerzen (3,0%), Schwindelgefühl oder
Drehschwindel (2,5%), abdominelle Schmerzen (2,4%),
Brustschmerzen (1,5%) und Kopfschmerzen (1,4%). Der absolute
best POC ist der Rettungsdienst mit 38,7% (Rettungswagen Auftrag und
Einsatz). In Kombination mit der Empfehlung eine Notfallaufnahme (18,5%)
aufzusuchen ergibt sich ein hoher Anteil (57,2%) an durch den
Rettungsdienst und die Krankenhausstruktur zu Versorgenden. Die
häufigsten POC Zuweisungen decken in beiden Städten (Stadt A
89,8%/Stadt B 92,0%) in hohem Ausmaß die
verfügbaren Versorgungspunkte in städtischen Gebieten ab.
Schlussfolgerung Bei einzelnen Beschwerdebildern scheint eine umfassendere
Zuweisung in den niedergelassenen Bereich möglich (Kopfschmerzen,
Rückenschmerzen, abdominale Schmerzen). Da die fünf
häufigsten Anrufgründe nur 15,6% (n=682) aller
dokumentierten Beratungsgespräche der Gesamtstichprobe ausmachen, sind
weitere Untersuchungen nötig. Dringlichkeitseinstufung und
Anrufzeitpunkt sollten berücksichtigt werden.
Quantitatives EMG – müssen zwanzig Einheiten gemessen
werden oder genügen drei?
Authors: Schulte-Mattler Wilhelm J. , Bischoff Christian 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungFritz Buchthals Beitrag zur Elektromyographie (EMG) ist fundamental. Als eines
der Fundamente der quantitativen EMG gilt aber auch, dass die Dauer der
Aktionspotenziale von 20 verschiedenen motorischen Einheiten zu messen sei, um
quantitativ EMG zu betreiben. Dieser Ansatz ist schon aus theoretischen
Erwägungen nicht sinnvoll, nicht nur des großen damit
verbundenen Aufwands wegen. Durch Messung nur weniger motorischer Einheiten, die
deutlich außerhalb der Norm liegen, der
„Ausreißer“, ist es hingegen häufig
möglich, ohne großen Zeitaufwand und zuverlässig
belastbare EMG-Befunde zu erheben.
Ferroptosis Signaling Pathways: Alzheimer's
Disease
Authors: Maheshwari Shubhrat 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe involvements of iron metabolism, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative stress in
Alzheimer's disease (AD) development have recently received a lot of
attention. We also observe that these pathogenic occurrences play a key role in
regulating ferroptosis, a unique regulatory cell death that is iron-dependent,
oxidative, and non-apoptotic. Iron is a crucial component that makes up a
subunit of the oxidase responsible for lipid peroxidation. A family of non-heme
iron enzymes known as lipoxygenases (LOXs) can cause ferroptosis by oxidising
polyunsaturated fatty acids in cellular membranes (PUFAs). Toxic lipid
hydroperoxides are produced in large part by the iron in LOX active sites.
Deferoxamine and deferiprone, two iron chelators, could also treat ferroptosis
by eliminating the crucial catalytic iron from LOXs. Phospholipids containing
polyunsaturated fatty acids are the main substrates of lipid peroxidation in
ferroptosis, which is favourably controlled by enzymes like ACSL4, LPCAT3,
ALOXs, or POR. Selective stimulation of autophagic degradation pathways leads to
an increase in iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, which promotes
ferroptosis. We highlighted recent advancements in our understanding of
ferroptosis signaling routes in this study. One form of regulated necrotic cell
death known as ferroptosis has been linked to a number of diseases, including
cancer, neurological disorders, and ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ferritin may be a good indicator of the amount of iron
in the brain because it is the main protein that stores iron.
The Total Synthesis of Mollanol A by a Convergent Strategy
Authors: Yang Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHere, we briefly highlight our 15-step total synthesis of mollanol A, the first isolated member of the mollane-type grayanoids, which relied on a convergent strategy. A Stille coupling and a vinylogous aldol reaction/intramolecular oxa-Michael addition sequence were used to assemble the two fragments that featured most of the important chiral centers and nearly all the essential oxidation states of the natural product. The bicyclo[3.2.1]octane fragment was synthesized by using an InCl3-catalyzed Conia–ene cyclization reaction. The challenging tetrasubstituted alkene was constructed through a 1,4-reduction of the conjugated alkenes at a late stage.1 Introduction2 Total Synthesis of Mollanol A3 Conclusion
Low HDL Cholesterol is Associated with Reduced Bleeding Risk in Patients who Underwent PCI: Findings from the PRACTICE Study
Authors: Zheng Ying-Ying , Wu Ting-Ting , Hou Xian-Geng , Yang Yi , Yang Hai-Tao , Pan Ying , Xiu Wen-Juan , Ma Xiang , Ma Yi-Tong , Yang Xin-Ling , Xie Xiang 
Published: June 2023

Background We sought to examine the dose–response relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and bleeds in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods All the 15,250 participants were from the Personalized Antiplatelet Therapy According to CYP2C19 Genotype in Coronary Artery Disease (PRACTICE) study, which is a large, single-center, prospective cohort study based on case records and a follow-up registry performed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from December 2016 to October 2021. We divided all the patients into five groups according to their HDL-C levels: the ≤35 mg/dL group (n = 4,732), 35 to 45 mg/dL group (n = 6,049), 45 to 55 mg/dL group (n = 2,826), 55 and 65 mg/dL group (n = 1,117), and >65 mg/dL group (n = 526). The incidence of bleeds, mortality, ischemic events, and net adverse clinical events (NACEs) among the five groups was compared.
Results A total of 713 bleeds, 1,180 ischemic events, 456 deaths, and 1,893 NACEs were recorded during the up to 60-month follow-up period. After adjusting for confounders, we observed a nonlinear relation for bleeds, with the highest risk at intermediate HDL-C levels (45–55 mg/dL). We also identified a dose–response relationship for ischemic events. A threshold value of HDL-C ≤35 mg/dL (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.560, 95% confidence interval: 0.360–0.872, p = 0.010) was associated with a decreased risk for bleeds in the multivariable Cox regression model. The results were consistent in multiple sensitivity analyses and propensity score-matching analysis.
Conclusion In the present study, a nonlinear association was identified between HDL-C levels and bleeds in CAD patients who underwent PCI, with a higher risk at intermediate levels. However, further multicenter studies are warranted.
Rhinal and hippocampal event-related potentials as epileptogenic zone markers in the pre-surgical evaluation of temporal epilepsies: a systematic review
Authors: Morange Daniela de Andrade , Amaral Magali Teresópolis Reis , Martinez-Silveira Martha Silvia , Trébuchon Agnès 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Cognitive event-related potentials (ERPs) allow for lateralization of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) to estimate the reserve of memory in the contralateral non-epileptogenic hemisphere, and to investigate the prognosis of temporal lobe seizure control in unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
Objective To define the accuracy of cognitive evoked anterior mesial temporal lobe (AMTL-N400) and P600 potentials in detecting the epileptogenic zone in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and second, to evaluate the possibility of using them as markers of cognitive outcome.
Methods The systematic review using Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Lilacs database was conducted in September 2021. Only articles published in English from 1985 to June 2021 were included. We searched for studies with: (1) depth intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) recordings analysis of rhinal and hippocampal activity (2) correlations between ERP results obtained in the mesial temporal regions (AMTL-N400 and P600) and the epileptogenic zone.
Results Six out of the seven studies included in this review defined the laterality of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) during presurgical investigation using ERPs. One study showed that the contralateral AMTL-N400 predicts seizure control. Another study found correlation between the amplitudes of the right AMTL-N400 and postoperative memory performance.
Conclusions There is evidence that the reduced amplitude of the AMTL-N400 has high accuracy in identifying the epileptogenic zone, as it does in estimating the extent of seizure control and memory impairment in postoperative patients.
Brain glucose metabolism and gray matter volume in retired professional soccer players: a cross-sectional [18F]FDG-PET/MRI study
Authors: Aranha Mateus Rozalem , Coutinho Artur Martins , Carneiro Camila de Godoi , Pastorello Bruno Fraccini , Studart-Neto Adalberto , Guariglia Carla Cristina , Tsunemi Miriam Harumi , Moreira Everton Luis Santos , Ianof Jéssica Natuline , Anghinah Renato , Nitrini Ricardo , Cerri Giovanni Guido , Fortea Juan , Buchpiguel Carlos Alberto , Leite Claudia Costa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Professional soccer athletes are exposed to repetitive head impacts and are at risk of developing chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
Objective To evaluate regional brain glucose metabolism (rBGM) and gray matter (GM) volume in retired soccer players (RSPs).
Methods Male RSPs and age and sex-matched controls prospectively enrolled between 2017 and 2019 underwent neurological and neuropsychological evaluations, brain MRI and [18F]FDG-PET in a 3.0-Tesla PET/MRI scanner. Visual analysis was performed by a blinded neuroradiologist and a blinded nuclear physician. Regional brain glucose metabolism and GM volume were assessed using SPM8 software. Groups were compared using appropriate statistical tests available at SPM8 and R.
Results Nineteen RSPs (median [IQR]: 62 [50–64.5] years old) and 20 controls (60 [48–73] years old) were included. Retired soccer players performed worse on mini-mental state examination, digit span, clock drawing, phonemic and semantic verbal fluency tests, and had reduced rBGM in the left temporal pole (pFDR = 0.008) and the anterior left middle temporal gyrus (pFDR = 0.043). Semantic verbal fluency correlated with rBGM in the right hippocampus, left temporal pole, and posterior left middle temporal gyrus (p ≤ 0.042). Gray matter volume reduction was observed in similar anatomic regions but was less extensive and did not survive correction for multiple comparisons (pFDR ≥ 0.085). Individual [18F]FDG-PET visual analysis revealed seven RSPs with overt hypometabolism in the medial and lateral temporal lobes, frontal lobes, and temporoparietal regions. Retired soccer players had a higher prevalence of septum pellucidum abnormalities on MRI.
Conclusion Retired soccer players had reduced rBGM and GM volume in the temporal lobes and septum pellucidum abnormalities, findings possibly related to repetitive head impacts.
Factors Influencing Outcome of Orbital Floor Reconstruction
Authors: Varghese Sony Prakkattumannathu , Victor Jonathan , Ramdas Sharad , Lingam P.P. , Prasanth Hannah Ranjee , Jaganathan Vijay , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction Orbital floor fractures are routinely encountered in facial trauma. Many factors influence the final outcome of the orbital floor surgery, time interval and the extent of other facial bone fractures are the two factors which can significantly influence the postoperative outcome following orbital floor reconstruction. Our study aims to find the ideal time for intervention and the association of other factors in the final outcome of orbital floor reconstruction.
Methods A retrospective and prospective cohort study of patients who were operated at Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences for orbital floor fractures, between 2011 January and 2017 July. All the data were entered on an Excel work sheet and statistically analyzed.
Results In our study 8 patients (8/29, 27.58%) had diplopia prior to surgery, 5 patients (5/29, 17.24%) had complete recovery following surgery and 3 patients (3/29, 10.34%) had persistence of diplopia postoperatively. Patients with diplopia operated prior to 7 days were found to have significant improvement in postoperative diplopia. Patients with 5 or more facial fractures were found to have persistence of diplopia, infraorbital numbness, and enophthalmos postoperatively.
Conclusion Our study suggests that early intervention, before 7 days improves the outcome in patients with diplopia and provides a better result postoperatively. In our study preoperative diplopia and infraorbital numbness and postoperative persistence of enophthalmos, diplopia, and paresthesia were found more in patients with 5 or more facial bone fractures. Our study suggests a poor postoperative outcome when 5 or more facial bones are fractured.
Effect of Maternal Coronavirus Disease on Preterm Morbidities
Authors: Çıplak Gökçe , Becerir Cem , Sarı Fatma N. , Alyamaç Dizdar Evrim 
Published: May 2023

Objective Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during pregnancy may have an impact on preterm morbidities due to the inflammatory nature of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Exposure to intrauterine inflammation could result in adverse consequences in preterm infants. We aimed to determine the effect of maternal coronavirus disease on preterm morbidities at a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit.
Study Design This observational cohort study compared the clinical outcomes of preterm infants < 37 gestational weeks with and without maternal COVID-19. The study was conducted in a tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit between March 2020 and December 2021. Demographics and clinical data of the study groups were collected from the medical files.
Results A total of 254 infants (127 in the maternal COVID-19 group and 127 in the control group) were included in the study. Respiratory distress syndrome, early and late neonatal sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and retinopathy of prematurity rates were similar between groups. In the subgroup analysis, the rate of PDA was significantly higher in preterm infants ≤1,500 g with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection (38 vs. 15% p = 0.023). Presence of maternal COVID-19 was found to be an independent predictor for PDA in very low birthweight infants, as revealed by multivariate analyses (odds ratio: 3.4; 95% confidence interval: 1.12–10.4; p = 0.031). Mortality rates and duration of hospitalization were similar in both groups.
Conclusion Our results suggest that COVID-19 infection during pregnancy seems to have no adverse effect on preterm morbidities and mortality. However, maternal COVID-19 was found to be a risk factor for PDA in preterm infants ≤1,500 g.
Key Points
In situ and operando study of catalysts during high-temperature high-pressure catalysis in a fixed-bed plug flow reactor with x-ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Tang Yu , Nguyen Luan , Li Yuting , Tao Franklin 
Published: May 2023

Numerous important catalytic reactions, such as Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS), are performed under harsh conditions in terms of high temperature of a catalyst in a mixture of reactants at a high pressure. There has been a lack of an intrinsic correlation between a catalytic performance and its corresponding catalyst structure due to the unavailable information on the authentic structure of the catalyst during catalysis under a high-temperature high-pressure (HTHP) condition. Here, we report in situ/operando studies of Co catalysts during catalysis under HTHP conditions using x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). A high-temperature high-pressure catalysis-XAS (HTHP Catalysis-XAS) system using a thin, small quartz or beryllium tube as the reactor was built for in situ/operando characterization of high-energy absorption edges of 4d transition metals or low-energy absorption edges of 3d/4d transition metals under high-temperature high-pressure conditions, respectively. This reactor can be used for HTHP catalysis performed at a temperature of up to 550 °C and a gas pressure of up to 60 bars for uncovering the chemical states and coordination environments of metal atoms of these catalysts during HTHP catalysis. The capability of collecting XAS data during HTHP catalysis was confirmed through tests at 400oC in the mixture of 20 bar mixture of reactants at beamline endstation. The operando studies of Ru catalyst particles under Fischer–Tropsch catalytic conditions with extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy revealed a restructuring of the Ru catalyst at 250 °C in the mixture of 6 bars CO and 12 bars H2 during FTS (30 ml/min), which was not observed at 300 °C in 1 bar H2 (20 ml/min). This observation suggests new chemistry for metal catalysts under HTHP condition inaccessible due to a lack of applicable characterizations. These tests confirmed the function of this HTHP Catalysis-XAS system for in situ/operando characterizations of catalysts during HTHP catalysis.
Systematic investigation of coupling between symmetric and antisymmetric stretches of D2O in CHCl3 by 2D IR
Authors: Kwon Hyejin , Osawa Koji , Seol Jin Gyu , Sung Siheon , Kim Doseok , Kim Yung Sam 
Published: June 2023

The coupling between the symmetric (νs) and antisymmetric (νa) OD stretch modes of monomeric D2O in CHCl3 is investigated using polarization-dependent two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy supported by numerical 2D IR simulations based on the exciton-band theory. The relationship between the local modes’ and the exciton states’ parameters is systematically studied, including center frequencies, diagonal anharmonicities, coupling, and off-diagonal anharmonicity. The mean coupling between νs and νa is accurately evaluated to be −49.96 ± 0.14 cm−1. The degree of relaxation in the harmonic approximation is quantified, and the angle between the exciton-state dipoles is accurately evaluated to be 101.4° ± 3.6°. In addition, the effect of the local-mode frequency correlation on the resulting exciton-state frequency correlation and the spectral shape of the linear and 2D IR spectra are also investigated.
Experimental study of a C-band long-pulse high-efficiency klystron-like relativistic cavity oscillator
Authors: Wu Yang 
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a comparative investigation of a C-band long-pulse high-efficiency klystron-like relativistic cavity oscillator is carried out by using numerical simulation and practical experiments. It is indicated that owing to the improper configuration of the solenoid, some returning electrons originating from the cathode supporting rod would hit the entrance of the diode and shunt the input electric power. As a result, the startup process of the device is delayed and the saturated output power is decreased as well. In the initial experiment, the output power and the pulse duration are only about 3.2 GW and 78 ns, respectively. To eliminate the influence of the returning electrons, by increasing the turn number of the winding at both ends of the solenoid, the magnetic field at the diode region is enhanced so that the returning electrons could be guided to the shielding bowl in front of the insulator. As the shielding bowl is under the same potential as the cathode, the returning electrons would not shunt the input power. In contrast, after solenoid compensation, the output power of the device is increased to 4.4 GW at a diode voltage of 700 kV and a current of 14 kA, whereas the pulse duration is extended to 96 ns. Also, the corresponding conversion efficiency achieves about 45%.
CO2 reduction on adatom decorated platinum stepped surfaces
Authors: Kherbach Intissar , Climent Víctor , Feliu Juan M. 
Published: June 2023

The rate of CO formation from CO2 reduction on Pt(111) vicinal surfaces containing (100) steps, Pt(S)[n(111) × (100)], has been investigated using cyclic voltammetry. To obtain further information about the different roles of terrace and step atoms in this reaction, selective modification of step sites with either bismuth or copper has been performed. In this way, two different mechanistic regimes have been differentiated, depending on the potential range. In the high potential region, between 0.2 and 0.4 V RHE, CO2 is activated on steps and proceeds to the formation of adsorbed CO even when there is no hydrogen adsorbed on the terrace. We suggest that protonation of the activated CO2 uses protons from the solution. In this potential range, the activity decreases after the selective blockage of step sites with bismuth, while the deposition of copper on steps increases the activity. Contrarily, in the low potential region, below 0.2 V RHE, the presence of copper on the steps does not increase the amount of CO formed from CO2 reduction. In fact, the amount of CO formed attains the same saturation value with or without copper. In addition, the CO formed in this potential region remains adsorbed near step sites as shown in the voltammetric profile. We rationalize these observations considering that, in this potential region, activated CO2 reacts with adsorbed hydrogen and the reactions stop when hydrogen near the steps is depleted.
Comprehensive characterization of the adiabatic temperature change and (convection) heat transfer coefficient of a NiTi tube elastocaloric refrigerant
Authors: Cheng Siyuan 
Published: June 2023

Elastocaloric cooling without global warming substance emission is a promising alternative to the vapor-compression technology. Comprehensive and precise characterization of the adiabatic temperature change of the elastocaloric refrigerant and the heat transfer coefficient between the elastocaloric refrigerant and the surrounding heat transfer fluid/solid is significant for the structural design of elastocaloric coolers. In this article, an analytical solution of the volume-averaged temperature variation in a tubular shape memory alloy elastocaloric refrigerant under cyclic compression was derived using lumped analysis, and a method of comprehensive characterization of the adiabatic temperature change (∆Tad) and (convection) heat transfer coefficient h for the elastocaloric refrigerant based on the analytical solution was proposed. A dimensionless number Ch was defined as the ratio of the latent heat release/absorption rate to the (convection) heat transfer rate, with which the characterization procedure including a series of nonlinear least-square regression tests and data selection criteria were established. The method proposed is applicable to any cross section geometry under both tension and compression, and it was validated using experimental data on a NiTi tube under sinusoidal force-controlled and reverse Brayton cyclic compressions and using existing experimental data of NiTi-based films, strips, and pillars under tension and compression in the literature. The ∆Tad characterized using the proposed method agreed with that using the reverse Brayton cyclic loading method within 5% (absolute value of 1 K). The effect of data selection sequence on the characterization of ∆Tad and h was investigated, and the results showed that proper starting points were significant for the convergence of ∆Tad and h.