bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to implement masters’ level of health care providers‘ education in internships – exploring the views of students, clinicians and educators in midwifery and public health nursing
Authors: Kasper Jürgen , Sundar Turid Kristin Bigum , Valla Lisbeth , Lilleengen Anne Marie , Haug Anne Grete Rydtun , Marsdal Kjersti Engen , Borgen Iren , Hjellset Victoria Telle 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

In the course of worldwide attempts of academization of professional educations and the Bologna process nursing educations have become both Bachelor and Master’s programmes at colleges, polytechnics and universities. The study investigates the question, how public health nurses’ and midwifes’ training on Master’s level in internships is operationalized by those involved in the conduct of these parts of the programmes. The study also aimed at providing a better understanding of barriers and facilitators of realizing the Master’s level in internships. Using theory of planned behaviour as a theoretical and methodological framework, individual in depth interviews were conducted with representatives of all involved parties. After content analysing the interview data focus group meetings were held purposing on validation of the findings from the first part of the study. The findings show controversial discussion about, whether a Master’s level is needed, and challenges met during attempts to enable students practicing Master’s level during their clinical placements. The main result is the lack of a consensus about the role of an internship in the didactic context of a Master program and about how students, practice and educational institutions should interact on this matter. Varying assumptions regarding roles, accountability, and professional functions of a Master student working in practice have been condensed in a set of five distinct models. Rather than comparing and ranking the models against each other, their pure coexistence is discussed as a barrier of implementing advanced nursing practice and recommendations are provided for steps to resolve this confusion.
Oxidation Differences on Si- vs. C- terminated Surfaces of SiC during Planarization in the Fabrication of High-power, High-frequency Semiconductor Device
Authors: Lee Ganggyu , Lee Yeram , Kim Sungmin , Kim Donghwan , Park Hongjun , Woo Myungju , Song Taeseup , Paik Ungyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Silicon carbide (SiC) wafers have attracted attention as a material for advanced power semiconductor device applications due to their high bandgap and stability at high temperatures and voltages. However, the inherent chemical and mechanical stability of SiC poses significant challenges in the chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) process, an essential step in reducing defects and improving surface flatness. SiC exhibits different mechanical and chemical properties depending on SiC terminal faces, affecting SiC oxidation behavior during the CMP process. Here, we investigate the process of oxide layer formation during the CMP process and how it relates to the SiC terminal faces. The results show that under the same conditions, the C-terminated face (C-face) exhibits higher oxidation reaction kinetics than the Si-terminated face (Si-face), forming an oxide layer of finer particles. Due to the different oxidation kinetic tendencies, the oxide layer formed on the C-face has a higher friction coefficient and more defects than the oxide layer formed on the Si-face. This results in a higher removal rate during CMP for the C-face than the Si-face. Furthermore, by controlling the physicochemical properties of the oxide film, high removal rates can be achieved by friction with the pad alone, without the need for nanoparticle abrasives.
Government fiscal squeeze and firm privatization: Evidence from China
Authors: Ling Ling , Kong Dongmin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Government facing fiscal pressures is a prevalent phenomenon worldwide. We investigate how governments’ fiscal squeeze shapes non-listed firms’ privatization. To establish causality, we exploit a policy shock in China, the cancellation of agricultural tax, to document that the fiscal squeezed governments who depended on the majority of agriculture tax revenues, deepen local firms’ privatization. Mechanism analysis reveals that governments with fiscal squeeze have a strong motivation to improve local firms’ performances by actively promoting privatization to increase tax base. Our findings are particularly pronounced for firms affiliated to local governments and for firms with a high degree of resource misallocation.
The risk prediction models for stroke associated pneumonia:a systematic review
Authors: Kong Yun , Chen Zhu , Zhong Kelong , Zhang Jie , An Xuemei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective:Systematically evaluate the risk prediction models for stroke associated pneumonia.
Method: A systematic search was conducted on the risk prediction models for stroke associated pneumonia in CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science and Cochrane Library. The search was conducted until June 2023.Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted data, and used the bias risk assessment tool of predictive model research to analyze the bias risk and applicability of the included literature.
Results: A total of 23 studies and 39 risk prediction models for stroke associated pneumonia were included, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.734 to 0.951. All models have good applicability, but the risk of bias is high.
Conclusion: Currently, the construction of risk prediction models for stroke associated pneumonia is not yet complete, and it is still necessary to continue to improve the details of variable screening, missing data processing, and model efficacy evaluation, in order to obtain better and high-precision risk prediction models and provide certain reference and basis for formulating relevant prevention strategies.It is recommended to conduct more prospective studies and conduct external validation of existing models in the future.
Distribution and Forms of Iron and Aluminium Oxides in Tropical Soils of Central Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Oyebiyi Oluwatoyosi Oyetola 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The study examined the composition and forms of iron and aluminium oxides in benchmark soils of central southwestern Nigeria. Soils developed from distinct parent rock types, including coarse-grained granite and gneiss, fine grained biotite gneiss and schist, and the amphibolite complex which correspond to the parent rocks of the soils of Iwo (Typic Paleustults), Egbeda (Rhodic Kandiustults) and Itagunmodi (Typic Haplustults) Associations, respectively, were selected for the study. Notably, these soils collectively encompass approximately 60% of the total land area in central southwestern Nigeria. The less than 2 mm soil fractions were pre-treated with hydrogen peroxide to remove soil organic matter. Thereafter, oxides of Fe and Al were extracted using three different extractants: dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB) mixtures, acidified ammonium oxalate and sodium pyrophosphate solution. The quantification of Fe and Al oxides contents in the respective extracts were carried out using Inductively Coupled Plasma – Atomic Emission Spectrometry. The research findings indicated that the DCB extractable forms of Fe and Al oxides were more abundant compared to other forms of these oxides, and a substantial portion of these oxides within the soils existed in crystalline form. Among the soil series studied, Itagunmodi series exhibited the highest amount of DCB- and oxalate extractable Fe oxides, while Iwo series had the highest content of Fe and Al oxides extracted by sodium pyrophosphate solution. Importantly, the presence of Fe oxides were found to negatively impact the reactivity of SOM in the soils.
CDCA7: A Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals its Prognostic Significance, Immune Correlations, and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Ding Wenli , Cheng Xuebing , Li Hui , Li Qinying , Li Meng , Geng Peizhen , Xu Linfei , Sun Xiaodong , Han Fang , Zhu Liang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent years have witnessed the emergence of Cell Division Cycle Associated 7 (CDCA7) as a participant in the genesis of diverse tumors. Despite this, comprehensive pan-cancer evaluations of CDCA7 remain scarce. Consequently, this study aims to rectify this gap by scrutinizing the potential implications of CDCA7 in pan-cancers.
Methods
We first assessed the expression levels of CDCA7 in 33 cancers and the association of its expression with tumor pathological stage using TCGA, GTEx, GEPIA2, TIMER2.0, TISIDB, UALCAN, and StarBase. Then, prognostic assessment was performed using GEPIA2 and Kaplan-Meier plotter. Gene alterations of CDCA7 were analyzed using cBioPortal, and renal clear cell carcinoma cells lines were screened to determine the function of CDCA7. Finally, we performed tumor immune infiltration analysis using TIMER2.0 and enrichment analysis of CDCA7 by STRING, GEPIA2, and DAVID. The role of CDCA7 in renal clear cell carcinoma (cc) was verified by qPCR, CCK8, wound healing, transwell and cell cycle assay.
Results
Our study demonstrated that CDCA7 exhibited notable expression across various cancers, and its heightened expression correlated with an unfavorable prognosis for tumor patients. Correlations emerged between CDCA7 expression and the presence of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Moreover, CDCA7 upregulation corresponded to CD8+ T cell infiltration in some tumors. Most malignancies demonstrated a positive relationship between CDCA7 and cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration. Enrichment studies unveiled CDCA7's involvement in cell cycle and DNA metabolism, in addition to its role in multiple signaling pathways that drive tumor progression. Experimental validations underscored CDCA7's role in stimulating the progression of renal clear cell carcinoma. Insights from CCK8 and cell cycle assays confirmed that CDCA7 inhibition attenuated cellular activity and curtailed proliferative capacity in 769-P cells. Wound healing and Transwell assays substantiated that CDCA7 blockade significantly reduced migration and invasion capabilities of 769-P cells. Additionally, quantitative PCR results corroborated the efficacy of CDCA7 inhibition in preventing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition state of renal clear cell carcinoma.
Conclusions
In conclusion, the comprehensive pan-cancer investigation imparts intricate insights into the engagement of CDCA7 in carcinogenesis. Our findings indicate that CDCA7 holds the potential to serve as a valuable prognostic marker and an alluring target for therapeutic interventions, thereby unveiling novel avenues for future research.
A novel biological process for recycling phosphorus from wastewater as fertilizer
Authors: Eshun Lordina Ekua , García-López Ana Maria , Garrido Ramiro Recena , Coker Victoria , Lloyd Jonathan , Shaw Samuel , Delgado Antonio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
For water purification, Fe-oxide sludge is frequently used as a P sink, generating P-enriched Fe sludge. Microorganisms can transform the P-enriched sludge into products with higher P concentration or can directly promote the precipitation of P-rich compounds from water. However, there is no evidence of these products' efficiency as fertilizers. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of microbially-mediated vivianite (biovivianite) production as Fe and P fertilizer for white lupin and durum wheat respectively.
Results
To this end, two completely randomized block experiments were conducted with white lupin (Fe experiment) and wheat (P experiment). The Fe and P sources used included biovivianite produced by microbial reduction of P-containing ferrihydrite (simulating saturated Fe-oxide sludge) at pH 6.5 (VivInsol6.5) and pH 7.0 (VivInsol7.0), biovivianite produced with soluble Fe(III) citrate (C6H5FeO7) in the presence of soluble phosphate at pH 7 (VivSol) (simulating the direct removal from water) and vivianite from a commercial company (ComViv). Fe-EDDHA and Fe(II)-sulfate (FeSO4.7H2O) were used as reference fertilizers in the Fe experiment and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) was used for the P experiment. Overall, products dominated by vivianite and metavivianite (Fe2+Fe3 + 2(PO4)2(OH)2·6H2O), was the most effective Fe source for white lupin followed by Fe-EDDHA, ComViv, and VivSol with VivInsol6.5 as the least effective but without significant differences with Fe(II)-sulfate. Total P uptake by wheat plants from VivSol (dominated by vivianite and phosphate-green rust) was not significantly different from KH2PO4 in supplying P to the wheat plant. The particle sizes of the biovivianites were 16 µm, 18 µm, and 28 µm for VivInsol7.0, VivSol and VivInsol6.5 respectively.
Conclusions
The mineral constituents of the biovivianite coupled with the smaller particle sizes contributed to its effective uptake by the plants. The results reveal that biovivianite production is a novel way of producing efficient P and Fe fertilizers from water purification, providing new tools for a circular economy approach in the use of a non-renewable resource.
Inhibitory potential of nanoscale dental pulp stem cell lysate in lung cancer with risk of lymph node metastasis
Authors: He Yan , Li Ruohan , She Wenting , Ai Yilong , Li Kesheng , Kumeria Tushar , Jiang Ziran , Shao Qing , Zou Chen , Albashari Abdullkhaleg Ali , Duan Xingxiang , Ye Qingsong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy and has the highest mortality rate among all tumors due to lymph node metastasis. Bone marrow and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated tumor-suppressive effects on lung cancer. This study investigated the effects of DPSC lysate on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of A549 lung cancer cells and its inhibitory effect on tumors in vivo.
Methods
The proliferation, apoptosis, and migration/metastasis were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay, Annexin-V and propidium iodide staining, and the transwell assay, respectively. The expression levels of apoptosis-, cell cycle-, migration-, and adhesion-related mRNA and proteins were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. The level and mRNA expression of tumor markers carcino embryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and qRT-PCR. Finally, a tumor-bearing mouse model was constructed to observe the tumor-suppressive effect of DPSC lysate after intraperitoneal injection.
Results
DPSC lysate decreased the viability of A549 cells and induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Western blot confirmed that levels of Caspase-3, Bax, and Bad were increased, and Bcl-2 protein levels were decreased in A549 cells treated with DPSC lysate. In addition, DPSC lysate inhibited the migration and invasion of A549 cells; downregulated key genes of the cell cycle, migration, and adhesion; and significantly suppressed tumor markers. Xenograft results showed that DPSC lysate inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor weight.
Conclusions
DPSC lysate inhibited proliferation, invasion, and metastasis; promoted apoptosis in A549 cells; and suppressed tumor growth- potentially providing a cell-based alternative therapy for lung cancer treatment.
Anomaly detection, classification, and stock price prediction using ChatGPT, Random Forest Algorithm and LSTM model
Authors: Mushunje Leonard , Allen David , Peiris Shelton 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This paper explores whether there are anomalies in high-frequency stock trades in South Africa. Using the JSE daily data from 2010 to 2022, we hypothesize that there are complexities associated with high-frequency stock data, which carries hidden important information, and this information can be helpful to investors. Under high-frequency trading settings, traders should be able to quickly, efficiently, and profitably detach and disseminate information from complex sets. Given any stock portfolio, they should be able to separate the risky stocks from the less risky and rich ones before making any investment decisions. However, this is less attainable in emerging and less technical economies like South Africa, which still rely on traditional trading norms (managerial expertise and emotional trading). Therefore, this paper aims to provide a powerful solution to this fundamental problem. Firstly, we study the time-stamped behavior of stock prices using a long-term memory model (LSTM). We note that JSE stock prices are non-stationary, have fat tails, and have a long memory, which exhibits the stocks' ARCH effects and volatility traits. Secondly, we employ the Random Forest algorithm to capture useful stock features further and classify the data quickly. We trained the model hourly to capture the anomaly data, classify trades, and convert them to profitable trades. From this model, we managed to classify stock trades into three categories: high premium (less risky), premium(satisfactory), and doubtful (high risk). Ideally, volatile stocks with low returns are riskier (doubtful) and true otherwise. We evaluate our RF model using OOB error and cross-validation. Minor prediction errors were reported with increased trees, signaling its robustness in capturing the embedded stylized facts about stock trades.
The Value of CEUS LI-RADS Combined with AFP in Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Low- and High-Risk Patients
Authors: wu yafei , Chen Yuanyuan , Wei Lili , Ding Zhanling , Zhao Shengfa , Bao Shengxian , Tang Jiali , Li Hang , Liu Junjie , zhu shangyong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
We found that the incidence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has increased significantly in non-cirrhotic patients, with HCC being frequently overlooked or misdiagnosed. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) is known to have a high diagnostic value in high-risk HCC patients. Therefore, we aimed to compare the diagnostic value of CEUS LI-RADS for HCC between low- (LR) and high-risk (HR) patients, to confirm its value in LR patients. In addition, since CEUS LR-4 and LR-M categories contain a relatively high proportion of HCC, and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most used HCC biomarker, and the clinically valid, we attempted to further improve the early diagnostic value of CEUS LI-RADS for HCC in the LR and HR patients by combining CEUS LR-4 and LR-M categories with AFP.
Methods
We enrolled 189 HCC patients with LR and HR in a retrospective study. All lesions were confirmed histopathologically. Diagnostic performance of CEUS LI-RADS for HCC in these two patients was compared. In addition, we analyzed the value of CEUS LI-RADS as a valid method of establishing the early diagnosis for HCC in LR and HR patients by combining LR-4 and LR-M category with AFP.
Results
Through comparative analysis, we found that, due to the high proportion of HCC in CEUS LR-4 and LR-M categories in our cases, the specificity of CEUS LR-5 category for HCC in the HR group was 78.4%, whereas in the LR group it was 94.2%. Meanwhile, the sensitivity (63.2% vs 63.0%) and positive predictive value (PPV) (75.0% vs 88.7%) did not differ between the LR and HR groups (P = 0.299, P = 0.965). It is noteworthy that when we combined CEUS LR-4 and LR-M categories with AFP significantly improved the sensitivity and PPV by 21.0%, 5.0% in the LR group, and by 16.0%, 2.1% in the HR group (P = 0.836, P = 0.836, respectively).
Conclusions
The CEUS LR-5 category has real clinical value in diagnosing HCC in both LR and HR patients. The early diagnostic value of CEUS LI-RADS category for HCC patients was further increased when CEUS LR-4 and LR-M categories was combined with elevated AFP.
Induced Strain of Different Extra-Coronal Attachment Materials in Mandibular Kennedy Class I Metallic Removable Partial Dentures After One Year of Clinical Simulation: An in-Vitro study
Authors: Shawky Yasser M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: The strain developed by different extra-coronal attachment materials during loading in aqueous environment as well as the effect of denture insertion and removal cycles is of prime importance. Accordingly, the aim of the current study was to assess the induced strain of different extra-coronal attachment materials in mandibular Kennedy class I metallic removable partial dentures after one year of clinical simulation.
Methods: Twelve identical 3D-printed models representing mandibular Kennedy class I with first premolars as principal abutments bilaterally were fabricated having 4 removable dies each; canine and first premolar on which two splinted crowns with three different extra-coronal attachment materials (group A: PEEK/BioHPP, group B: zirconia, group C: metal)were fabricated bilaterally. Each of the 3D-printed models (n=4 for each group) was designed with four strain gauge slots, two on each side: 1mm distal to the first premolar (SG1 &SG3) and 1 cm away from the first one at the edentulous ridge (SG2&SG4). Removable partial dentures were constructed, and strain gauges were used to measure the strain applied both unilaterally and bilaterally by a universal testing machine before and after one year of clinical simulation where, an average of 5 readings were recorded for each model. Clinical simulation was performed through chewing simulator and dentures insertion/removal cycles. Repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test were used for data analysis at p < 0.05.
Results: PEEK (BioHPP) group revealed the lowest induced strain before and after one year of clinical simulation compared to zirconia and metal groups during both unilateral and bilateral loading with significantly higher induced strain at SG2 & SG4 compared to that induced at SG1 & SG3. Metal group showed the same pattern but with significantly higher values compared to PEEK (BioHPP). For zirconia group after one year of clinical simulation, bilateral loading revealed significant decrease in induced strain at SG1&SG3 with a significant increase at SG2 &SG4.
Conclusions: PEEK (BioHPP) is more effective in stress dissipation as an extra-coronal attachment in removable partial dentures compared to zirconia and metal. After one year of clinical simulation.
Single-cell sequencing combined with Bulk RNA-Seq to explore the molecular mechanism of cell communication in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Wu Yilin , Zhong Zhaoxu , Chen Qiuyun , Yang Xiuming , Zhang Qingyu , Li Guojing , Zhang Mengyao , Yu Zongliang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents a rapid atrial arrhythmia and is associated with the potential for adverse cardiovascular outcomes, the precise pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning AF remain incompletely elucidated. In the present study, the single-cell dataset GSE224995 was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and its utilization facilitated the identification of cell subtypes involved in AF. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was constructed to systematically identify crucial gene models. We also conduct comprehensive immune infiltration analysis, perform functional enrichment analysis, and elucidate the intricate associations between these pivotal genes and regulatory genes governing AF. Five cell subtypes were identified using single-cell sequencing, the most active cell subtype, tissue stem cell, was identified by cell communication analysis, and 20 gene modules were identified by WGCNA algorithm. We intersect the marker gene of tissue stem cell with the WGCNA module mostly associated AF and eventually ascertained with three key biomarkers, including are ABTB2, NAV2 and RBFOX1. These novel biomarkers for AF hold substantial promise in offering novel insights for the prevention and therapeutic intervention of this condition.