bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How we look: European wild mouflon and feral domestic sheep hybrids
Authors: Šprem Nikica , Buzan Elena , Safner Toni 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Hybridization between wild animals and feral individuals from closely related domestic species can occur when they share the same habitat. Such events are generally regarded as a threat to the genetic integrity and survival of established wild populations. The aim of this study is to confirm a hybridization between European mouflon and feral sheep on the Adriatic island Dugi Otok, where a group of individuals phenotypically indicative of a possible introgression was photographed. Using an ovine medium-density SNP array genotypes, we provided genetic evidence of recent gene admixture between the two species. The ADMIXTURE analysis suggests that two hybrid individuals had 82.2% and 94.1% of their ancestry attributable to feral sheep, respectively, with the rest of the mouflon in origin. NEWHYBRIDS analysis estimated the combined probabilities for the putative hybrid individuals belonging to one of the hybrid classes at 87.0% and 90.1%, respectively. The main phenotypic differences in the hybrids were observed in the shape of the horns, a stronger horn circumference than in the mouflon and weaker than for the sheep, pronounced horn rings, a shorter tail, and intermediate color. We therefore recommend constant monitoring of the purity of the mouflon population to maintain its genetic integrity. In addition, all feral sheep should be removed from the wild, and released sheep raised in semi-wild conditions should be better controlled.
Survival and perioperative outcomes of octo- and nonagenarians with resectable esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Ahmed Nabeel , Tankel James , Asselah Jamil , Alcindor Thierry , Alfieri Joanne , David Marc , Najmeh Sara , Spicer Jonathan , Cools-Lartigue Jonathan , Mueller Carmen , Ferri Lorenzo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The outcomes of different treatment modalities for patients aged 80 and above with locally advanced and resectable esophageal carcinoma are not well described. The aim of this study was to explore survival and perioperative outcomes among this specific group of patients. A retrospective, cohort analysis was performed on a prospectively maintained esophageal cancer database from the McGill regional upper gastroinestinal cancer network. Between 2010 and 2020, all patients ≥80 years with cT2-4a, Nany, M0 esophageal carcinoma were identified and stratified according to the treatment modality: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) or chemoradiotherapy (nCRT); definitive CRT (dCRT); upfront surgery; palliative CT/RT; or best supportive care (BSC). Of the 162 patients identified, 79 were included in this study. The median age was 83 years (80–97), most were cT3 (73%), cN- (56%), and had adenocarcinoma (62%). Treatment included: nCT/nCRT (16/79, 20%); surgery alone (19/79, 24%); dCRT (12/29, 15%); palliative RT/CT (27/79, 34%); and BSC (5/79, 6%). Neoadjuvant treatment was completed in 10/16 (63%). Of the 35/79 who underwent surgery, major complications occurred in 13/35 (37%) and 90-day mortality in 3/35 (9%). Overall survival (OS) for the cohort at 1- and 3-years was 58% and 19%. Among patients treated with nCT/nCRT, this was 94% and 46% respectively. Curative intent treatment (nCT/nCRT/upfront surgery/dCRT) had significantly increased 1- and 3- year OS compared with non-curative treatment (76%/31% vs. 34%/3.3%). Multimodal standard of care treatment is feasible and safe in select octo/nonagenarians, and may be associated with improved OS. Age alone should not bias against treatment with curative intent.
Thrombotic risk in patients with acute coronary syndromes discharged on prasugrel or clopidogrel: results from the PROMETHEUS study
Authors: Chiarito Mauro , Cao Davide , Sartori Samantha , Zhang Zhongjie , Vogel Birgit , Spirito Alessandro , Smith Kenneth F , Weintraub William , Strauss Craig , Toma Catalin , DeFranco Anthony , Effron Mark B , Stefanini Giulio , Keller Stuart , Kapadia Samir , Rao Sunil V , Henry Timothy D , Pocock Stuart , Sharma Samin , Dangas George , Kini Annapoorna , Baber Usman , Mehran Roxana 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
Based on recent clinical data, the 2020 ESC guidelines on non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) suggest to tailor antithrombotic strategy on individual thrombotic risk. Nonetheless, prevalence and prognostic impact of the high thrombotic risk (HTR) criteria proposed are yet to be described. In this analysis from the PROMETHEUS registry, we assessed prevalence and prognostic impact of HTR, defined according to the 2020 ESC NSTE-ACS guidelines, and if the benefits associated with prasugrel vs. clopidogrel vary with thrombotic risk.

Methods and results
PROMETHEUS was a multicentre prospective study comparing prasugrel vs. clopidogrel in ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Patients were at HTR if presenting with one clinical plus one procedural risk feature. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), composite of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or unplanned revascularization, at 1 year. Adjusted hazard ratio (adjHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with propensity score stratification and multivariable Cox regression. Among 16 065 patients, 4293 (26.7%) were at HTR and 11 772 (73.3%) at low-to-moderate thrombotic risk. The HTR conferred increased incidence of MACE (23.3 vs. 13.6%, HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.71–2.00, P &lt; 0.001) and its single components. Prasugrel was prescribed in patients with less comorbidities and risk factors and was associated with reduced risk of MACE (HTR: adjHR 0.83, 95% CI 0.68–1.02; low-to-moderate risk: adjHR 0.75, 95% CI 0.64–0.88; pinteraction = 0.32).

Conclusion
High thrombotic risk, as defined by the 2020 ESC NSTE-ACS guidelines, is highly prevalent among ACS patients undergoing PCI. The HTR definition had a strong prognostic impact, as it successfully identified patients at increased 1 year risk of ischaemic events.
Abnormal release of cardiac biomarkers in the presence of myocardial oedema evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance after uncomplicated revascularization procedures
Authors: Ribas Fernando Faglioni , Hueb Whady , Rezende Paulo Cury , Rochitte Carlos Eduardo , Nomura Cesar Higa , Villa Alexandre Volney , Morais Thamara Carvalho , Lima Eduardo Gomes , Boeing Boros Gustavo André , Ribeiro Matheus de Oliveira Laterza , Linhares-Filho Jaime Paula Pessoa , Dallazen Anderson Roberto , Silva Rafael Rocha Mol , Franchini Ramires Jose Antonio , Kalil-Filho Roberto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
To analyse the association of myocardial oedema (ME), observed as high T2 signal intensity (HT2) in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, with the release of cardiac biomarkers, ventricular ejection, and clinical outcomes after revascularization.

Methods and results
Patients with stable coronary artery disease with the indication for revascularization were included. Biomarker levels [troponin I (cTnI) and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB)] and T2-weighted and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) images were obtained before and after the percutaneous or surgical revascularization procedures. The association of HT2 with the levels of biomarkers, with and without LGE, evolution of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and 5-year clinical outcomes were assessed. A total of 196 patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (HT2, 40) and Group 2 (no HT2, 156). Both peak cTnI (8.9 and 1.6 ng/mL) and peak CK-MB values (44.7 and 12.1 ng/mL) were significantly higher in Group 1. Based on the presence of new LGE, patients were stratified into Groups A (no HT2/LGE, 149), B (HT2, 9), C (LGE, 7), and D (both HT2/LGE, 31). The peak cTnI and CK-MB values were 1.5 and 12.0, 5.4 and 44.7, 5.0 and 18.3, and 9.8 and 42.8 ng/mL in Groups A, B, C, and D, respectively, and were significantly different. The average LVEF decreased by 4.4% in Group 1 and increased by 2.2% in Group 2 (P = 0.057).

Conclusion
ME after revascularization procedures was associated with increased release of cardiac necrosis biomarkers, and a trend towards a difference in LVEF, indicating a role of ME in cardiac injury after interventions.
Cardiometabolic risk management: insights from a European Society of Cardiology Cardiovascular Round Table
Authors: Cosentino Francesco , Verma Subodh , Ambery Philip , Treppendahl Marianne Bach , van Eickels Martin , Anker Stefan D , Cecchini Michele , Fioretto Paola , Groop Per-Henrik , Hess David , Khunti Kamlesh , Lam Carolyn S P , Richard-Lordereau Isabelle , Lund Lars H , McGreavy Paul , Newsome Philip N , Sattar Naveed , Solomon Scott , Weidinger Franz , Zannad Faiez , Zeiher Andreas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMetabolic comorbidities are common in patients with cardiorenal disease; they can cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), speed progression, and adversely affect prognosis. Common comorbidities are Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity/overweight, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and chronic liver disease. The cardiovascular system, kidneys, and liver are linked to many of the same risk factors (e.g. dyslipidaemia, hypertension, tobacco use, diabetes, and central/truncal obesity), and shared metabolic and functional abnormalities lead to damage throughout these organs via overlapping pathophysiological pathways. The COVID-19 pandemic has further complicated the management of cardiometabolic diseases. Obesity, T2DM, CKD, and liver disease are associated with increased risk of poor outcomes of COVID-19 infection, and conversely, COVID-19 can lead to worsening of pre-existing ASCVD. The high rates of these comorbidities highlight the need to improve recognition and treatment of ASCVD in patients with obesity, insulin resistance or T2DM, chronic liver diseases, and CKD and equally, to improve recognition and treatment of these diseases in patients with ASCVD. Strategies to prevent and manage cardiometabolic diseases include lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy, and surgery. There is a need for more programmes at the societal level to encourage a healthy diet and physical activity. Many pharmacotherapies offer mechanism-based approaches that can target multiple pathophysiological pathways across diseases. These include sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and combined glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide/glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. Non-surgical and surgical weight loss strategies can improve cardiometabolic disorders in individuals living with obesity. New biomarkers under investigation may help in the early identification of individuals at risk and reveal new treatment targets.
Naturally induced biphasic phytoplankton spring bloom reveals rapid and distinct substrate and bacterial community dynamics
Authors: Dlugosch Leon , Bunse Carina , Bunk Boyke , Böttcher Lea , Tran Den Quoc , Dittmar Thorsten , Hartmann Maike , Heinrichs Mara , Hintz Nils H , Milke Felix , Mori Corinna , Niggemann Jutta , Spröer Cathrin , Striebel Maren , Simon Meinhard 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Phytoplankton spring blooms are typical features in coastal seas and provide heterotrophic bacteria with a rich blend of dissolved substrates. However, they are difficult to study in coastal seas in-situ. Here, we induced a phytoplankton spring bloom and followed its fate for 37 days in four 600 L-mesocosms. To specifically investigate the significance of phytoplankton-born dissolved organic carbon (DOC) we used artificial seawater with low DOC background and inoculated it with a 100 µm-prefiltered plankton community from the North Sea. A biphasic bloom developed, dominated by diatoms and Phaeocystis globosa respectively. In between, bacterial numbers peaked, followed by a peak in virus-like particles, implying that virus infection caused the collapse. Concentrations of dissolved free amino acids exhibited rapid changes, in particular during the diatom bloom and until the peak in bacterial abundance. Dissolved combined amino acids and neutral monosaccharides accumulated continuously, accounting for 22% of DOC as a mean and reaching levels as high as 44%. Bacterial communities were largely dominated by Bacteroidetes, especially the NS3a marine group (family Flavobacteriaceae), but Rhodobacteraceae and Gammaproteobacteria were also prominent members. Our study shows rapid organic matter and community composition dynamics that are hard to trace in natural coastal ecosystems.
Improving the safety and efficacy of phage therapy from the perspective of phage-mammal interactions
Authors: Zou Geng , He Lijun , Rao Jing , Song Zhiyong , Du Hu , Li Runze , Wang Wenjing , Zhou Yang , Liang Lu , Chen Huanchun , Li Jinquan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Phage therapy has re-emerged as a promising solution for combating antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections. Increasingly, studies have revealed that phages possess therapeutic potential beyond their antimicrobial properties, including regulating the gut microbiome and maintain intestinal homeostasis, as a novel nanocarrier for targeted drug delivery. However, the complexity and unpredictability of phage behavior during treatment pose a significant challenge in clinical practice. The intricate interactions established between phages, humans, and bacteria throughout their long coexistence in the natural ecosystem contribute to the complexity of phage behavior in therapy, raising concerns about their efficacy and safety as therapeutic agents. Revealing the mechanisms by which phages interact with the human body will provide a theoretical basis for increased application of promising phage therapy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of phage-mammal interactions, including signaling pathways, adaptive immunity responses, and phage-mediated anti-inflammatory responses. Then, from the perspective of phage-mammalian immune system interactions, we present the first systematic overview of the factors affecting phage therapy, such as the mode of administration, the physiological status of the patient, and the biological properties of the phage, to offer new insights into phage therapy for various human diseases.
Somatic mutations inferred from RNA-seq data highlight the contribution of replication timing to mutation rate variation in a model plant
Authors: Staunton Patrick M , Peters Andrew J , Seoighe Cathal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Variation in the rates and characteristics of germline and somatic mutations across the genome of an organism is informative about DNA damage and repair processes and can also shed light on aspects of organism physiology and evolution. We adapted a recently developed method for inferring somatic mutations from bulk RNA-seq data and applied it to a large collection of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions. The wide range of genomic data types available for A. thaliana enabled us to investigate the relationships of multiple genomic features with the variation in the somatic mutation rate across the genome of this model plant. We observed that late replicated regions showed evidence of an elevated rate of somatic mutation compared to genomic regions that are replicated early. We identified transcriptional strand asymmetries, consistent with the effects of transcription-coupled damage and/or repair. We also observed a negative relationship between the inferred somatic mutation count and the H3K36me3 histone mark which is well documented in the literature of human systems. In addition, we were able to support previous reports of an inverse relationship between inferred somatic mutation count and guanine-cytosine content as well as a positive relationship between inferred somatic mutation count and DNA methylation for both cytosine and noncytosine mutations.
Robotic reconstruction of a left hemi-diaphragm defect with double mesh in a patient with trisomy 21
Authors: Turner Joe , Alqudah Obada , Hogan John , Kouritas Vasileios 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Robotic reconstructions of large diaphragmatic defects with mesh reconstructions are rare in the literature. We present a case of a complicated diaphragmatic defect, in an adult with trisomy 21, which was successfully repaired robotically with double mesh reinforcement. The meshes were sutured together via a separate suture in the middle to avoid fluid accumulation between them. The patient recovered quickly and uneventfully. On follow-up, he reported no pain, and his performance score improved dramatically. We present this complicated reconstruction in this specific patient, who we think benefitted from avoiding a thoraco-abdominal incision, demonstrating the merits of persevering with a robotic approach.
The ROSA-Like Prophage Colonizing Staphylococcus aureus Promotes Intracellular Survival, Biofilm Formation, and Virulence in a Chronic Wound Environment
Authors: Ahmad-Mansour Nour , Plumet Lucile , Pouget Cassandra , Kissa Karima , Dunyach-Remy Catherine , Sotto Albert , Lavigne Jean-Philippe , Molle Virginie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The transition from colonization to invasion is critical in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Staphylococcus aureus can colonize DFU, or invade the underlying tissues, causing serious infections. The ROSA-like prophage has previously been implicated in strain colonization characteristics of S aureus isolates in uninfected ulcers.

Methods
In this study, we investigated this prophage in the S aureus-colonizing strain using an in vitro chronic wound medium mimicking the chronic wound environment.

Results
Chronic wound medium reduced bacterial growth and increased biofilm formation and virulence in a zebrafish model.

Conclusions
The ROSA-like prophage promoted intracellular survival of S aureus-colonizing strain in macrophages, keratinocytes, and osteoblasts.
Validation of the GlutenTox® ELISA Rapid G12 Test Kit for Determination of Gluten in Select Non-Heat-Processed Matrixes and Heat-Processed Matrixes: AOAC Performance Tested MethodSM 042301
Authors: Galera Carlos , Salagre Claudia , López Ana 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The GlutenTox® ELISA Rapid G12 test kit is a quantitative method designed for the determination of the immunotoxic fraction of gluten in food samples.

Objective
To obtain AOAC Performance-Tested MethodsSM certification for the method for the detection and quantification of gluten from wheat, barley, and rye flours in select foods (non-heat-processed) and incurred (heat-processed) matrixes.

Methods
The method was evaluated following the Guidelines for Validation of Quantitative Gluten Methods, with Specific Examples for ELISA Assays. The validation study was conducted at Hygiena Diagnóstica España using five food matrixes (soy flour, corn bread, seasoning mix, rolled oats, and evaporated milk) artificially contaminated with gluten from wheat, barley, or rye flour at different concentrations: 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg. For each matrix and gluten contamination level, five or six individually extracted test portions were analyzed. A second bread matrix was prepared by baking a gluten-free bread mix spiked at 0, 20, and 30 mg/kg gluten from wheat, barley, or rye flour for incurred matrix testing. Ten individually extracted test portions were tested for each incurred bread and contamination level of gluten.

Results
The method met the AOAC performance requirements for detection and quantification of wheat gluten in the selected food matrixes, incurred bread sample, and spike levels of wheat gluten, showing an acceptable recovery. When tested with barley and rye flours, most of the results showed acceptable recoveries or a slight overestimation, depending on the matrix and gluten concentration. Method developer and independent laboratory results were comparable.

Conclusions
The validation study demonstrated that the test kit is a reliable, accurate, quick, and easy-to-use method for the detection and quantification of gluten concentration in food and incurred matrixes from wheat, barley, and rye flours.

Highlights
Most reagents provided in the kit are at ready-to-use concentrations.
Determination of Arsenic Species in Edible Insects by LC–ICP-MS
Authors: Matsumoto Eri , Matsumoto Makoto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Edible insects may contain arsenic. Analysis of arsenic species is necessary in order to accurately assess arsenic exposure.

Objective
An analytical method was validated and used to determine and quantitate arsenic species in edible insects.

Methods
Arsenic species were extracted from edible insects by heating at 100°C in 0.3 mol/L nitric acid. The concentration of arsenic species was then determined by LC–inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LC–ICP-MS) using an octadecylsilane (ODS) column with a mobile phase containing an ion-pair reagent.

Results
The LOD (0.007–0.012 mg/kg), LOQ (0.021–0.038 mg/kg), repeatability (1.2–3.2%), intermediate precision (2.8–4.5%), and trueness (recoveries 97–102% based on spiked samples) of the proposed method were satisfactory for inorganic arsenic, dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and arsenobetaine (AB) in edible insects. Total arsenic was detected in all samples obtained in Japan (Asian forest scorpion, diving beetles, giant water bug, grasshoppers, June beetles, mole crickets, male rhino beetle, female rhino beetle, sago worms, and silkworm pupae) and consisted of mostly inorganic arsenic. Beetles in particular showed relatively high levels.

Conclusion
Arsenic content varies among edible insect species. Feed control is important, as arsenic concentrations in edible insects may be feed dependent.

Highlights
Arsenic species in edible insects were analyzed by LC–ICP-MS using an ODS column with a mobile phase containing an ion-pair reagent. Inorganic arsenic was detected in most samples, with concentrations ranging from &lt;0.04 to 29.3 mg/kg.