bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Provision of Hospital Price Information After Increases in Financial Penalties for Failure to Comply With a US Federal Hospital Price Transparency Rule
Authors: Kong Edward , Ji Yunan 
Published: June 2023

ImportancePrice transparency regulations aim to help patients make informed decisions about medical care, but enforcing these rules is a policy challenge. There may be an association between financial penalties and hospital compliance for enforcing price transparency regulations.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between financial penalties and acute care hospital compliance with the 2021 Centers for Medicare &amp;amp; Medicaid Services (CMS) Price Transparency Rule.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study uses an instrumental variable design to evaluate the responses of 4377 acute care hospitals in the US operating in 2021 and 2022 to changes in financial penalties in the context of a federal rule requiring hospitals to disclose privately negotiated prices.ExposureChanges in noncompliance penalties between 2021 and 2022 based on a nonlinear function of bed counts.Main Outcomes and MeasuresWhether hospitals publicly posted a machine-readable file with private, payer-specific negotiated prices at the service-code level. Negative controls were used to address confounding.ResultsThe final sample included 4377 hospitals. Compliance increased from 70.4% (n = 3082) in 2021 to 87.7% (n = 3841) in 2022, with 90.2% of hospitals (n = 3948) reporting prices in at least 1 year. Noncompliance penalties increased from $109 500/y in 2021 to a mean (SD) of $510 976 ($534 149)/y in 2022. Penalties in 2022 were substantial, averaging 0.49% of total hospital revenue, 0.53% of total hospital costs, and 1.3% of total employee wages. Compliance increases were significantly positively correlated with penalty increases: a $500 000 increase in penalty was associated with a 2.9–percentage point (95% CI, 1.7-4.2 percentage points; P &amp;lt; .001) increase in compliance. Results were robust to controlling for observable hospital characteristics. No associations were found for preperiod (2021) compliance or ranges of bed counts where penalties do not vary.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of 4377 hospitals, compliance with the CMS Price Transparency Rule was associated with increased financial penalties. These findings are relevant for the enforcement of other regulations designed to promote transparency in health care.
Alloyed Pt Single‐Atom Catalysts for Durable PEM Water Electrolyzer
Authors: Gao Hongmei , Jiang Yimin , Chen Ru , Dong Chung‐Li , Huang Yu‐Cheng , Ma Mingyu , Shi Zude , Liu Jiaqi , Zhang Zijin , Qiu Mengyi , Wu Tianyu , Wang Jinbo , Jiang Yubin , Chen Jun , An Xiuyun , He Yongmin , Wang Shuangyin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe high cost of noble metals is one of the key factors hindering the large‐scale application of proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzer for hydrogen production. Recently, single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with a potential of maximum atom utilization efficiency enable lowering the metal amount as much as possible; unfortunately, their durability remains a challenge under PEM water electrolyzer working conditions. Herein, a highly‐stable alloyed Pt SAC is demonstrated through a plasma‐assisted alloying strategy and applies to a PEM water electrolyzer. In this catalyst, single Pt atoms are firmly anchored onto a Ru support via a robust metal–metal bonding strength, as evidenced by these complementary characterizations. This SAC is used in a PEM water electrolyzer system to achieve a cell voltage as low as 1.8 V at 1000 mA cm−2. Impressively, it can operate over 1000 h without obvious decay, and the catalyst is present in the form of individual Pt atoms. To the knowledge, this will be the first SAC attempt at a cell level toward long‐term PEM. This work paves the way for designing durable SACs employed in the actual working condition in the PEM water electrolyzer.
Construction of Flexible Piezoceramic Array with Ultrahigh Piezoelectricity via a Hierarchical Design Strategy
Authors: Xu Qianqian , Wang Zhenxing , Zhong Junwen , Yan Minyang , Zhao Senfeng , Gong Jiangshan , Feng Kaiyu , Zhang Jianxun , Zhou Kechao , Xie Jianbin , Xie Hui , Zhang Dou , Zhang Yan , Bowen Chris 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe µW‐level power density of flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters (FPEHs) restricts their potential in applications related to high‐power multifunctional wearable devices. To overcome this challenge, a hierarchical design strategy is proposed by forming porous piezoceramics with an optimum microstructure into an ordered macroscopic array structure to enable the construction of high performance FPEHs. The porous piezoceramic elements allows optimization of the sensing and harvesting Figure of merit, and the array structure causes a high level of effective strain under a mechanical load. The introduction of a network of polymer channels between the piezoceramic array also provides increased device flexibility, thereby allowing the device to attach and conform to the curved contours of the human body. The unique hierarchical piezoceramic array architecture exhibits superior flexibility, a high open circuit voltage (618 V), high short circuit current (188 µA), and ultrahigh power density (19.1 mW cm−2). This energy density value surpasses previously reported high‐performance FPEHs. The ultrahigh power flexible harvesting can charge a 0.1 F supercapacitor at 2.5 Hz to power high‐power electronic devices. Finally, the FPEH is employed in two novel applications related to fracture healing monitoring and self‐powered wireless position tracking in extreme environments.
Unamplified and Label‐Free Detection of HPV16 DNA Using CRISPR‐Cas12a‐Functionalized Solution‐Gated Graphene Transistors
Authors: Zhang Huibin , Deng Minghua , Li Ziqin , Ren Zhanpeng , Zhang Lei , Wang Ming , Jiang Shupeng , Yu Li , Wang Xianbao , Li Jinhua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe persistent infection of high‐risk‐human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) is considered an essential element for suffering cervical cancer. Despite polymerase chain reaction, loop‐mediated amplification, and microfluidic chips are used to detect the HPV16, these methods still exist some drawbacks including time‐consuming and false positive results. The CRISPR‐Cas system is widely used in the region of biological detection due to its precise targeted recognition capability. In this contribution, the novel solution‐gated graphene transistor sensor is designed to realize the unamplified and label‐free detection of HPV16 DNA. Using the precise recognition of the CRISPR‐Cas12a system and the gate functionalization, HPV16 DNA can be precisely identified without need the amplification and labeling. The limit of detection of the sensor can be up to 8.3 × 10−18 m and the detection can be within 20 min. Additionally, the heat‐Inactivated clinical samples can be clearly distinguished by the sensor the diagnosis results have a high degree of agreement with q‐PCR detection.
Ferroelectric Switching at Symmetry‐Broken Interfaces by Local Control of Dislocations Networks
Authors: Molino Laurent , Aggarwal Leena , Enaldiev Vladimir , Plumadore Ryan , I. Fal´ko Vladimir , Luican‐Mayer Adina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSemiconducting ferroelectric materials with low energy polarization switching offer a platform for next‐generation electronics such as ferroelectric field‐effect transistors. Recently discovered interfacial ferroelectricity in bilayers of transition metal dichalcogenide films provides an opportunity to combine the potential of semiconducting ferroelectrics with the design flexibility of 2D material devices. Here, local control of ferroelectric domains in a marginally twisted WS2 bilayer is demonstrated with a scanning tunneling microscope at room temperature, and their observed reversible evolution is understood using a string‐like model of the domain wall network (DWN). Two characteristic regimes of DWN evolution are identified: (i) elastic bending of partial screw dislocations separating smaller domains with twin stackings due to mutual sliding of monolayers at domain boundaries and (ii) merging of primary domain walls into perfect screw dislocations, which become the seeds for the recovery of the initial domain structure upon reversing electric field. These results open the possibility to achieve full control over atomically thin semiconducting ferroelectric domains using local electric fields, which is a critical step towards their technological use.
Third Harmonic Generation Enhanced by Generalized Kerker Condition in All‐Dielectric Metasurfaces
Authors: Liu Ai‐Yin , Hsieh Jou‐Chun , Lin Kuang‐I , Tseng Snow H. , Hsiao Hui‐Hsin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe abundant multipolar resonances in all‐dielectric metasurfaces provide a new paradigm to simultaneously induce strong near‐field confinement in the interior of a nanocavity as well as to manipulate the far‐field scattering property, which is beneficial for the enhancement of nonlinear effects. Here, third‐harmonic generation (THG) of all‐dielectric silicon metasurfaces that sustain dominant electric dipole (ED), toroidal dipole (TD), and magnetic dipole (MD) moments in near‐infrared is numerically and experimentally studied. The effect of the interplay of these resonant modes on THG is investigated, and a pronounced THG enhancement is observed when these modes become spectrally overlapped, corresponding to the generalized Kerker condition. The constructive interference of the total electric dipole (refers to the summation of the ED and TD scattered fields) and MD modes results in the suppression of the backward scattering along with a strong local‐field enhancement inside the dielectric resonators. The simulation (experimental) results show a 214‐fold (17‐fold) THG enhancement in the vicinity of the generalized Kerker condition compared with the signals of the spectrally separated TD and MD resonances. The silicon‐based metasurfaces with their simple geometry are facile for large‐area fabrication and open new possibilities for the optimization of upconversion processes to achieve efficient nonlinear devices.
Multistimuli‐Responsive Luminescence of o‐Carborane Dyads via Restriction of Electron Transfer and Molecular Motion
Authors: Shen Yunxia , Wang Lingrui , Fang Yuanyuan , Sui Laizhi , Fu Zhiyuan , Lv Chunyan , Wang Kai , Zhang Qing , Guo Haizhong , Zhang Yujian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe striking change in the emission color/intensity of piezochromic luminescent materials in response to external mechanical stimuli (e.g., pressure, grinding, and stretching) has attracted attention due to potential applications in optical data storage devices, pressure sensors, and optoelectronic devices. The majority of organic materials show redshifted and quenched emission with increasing pressure. Herein, covalently linked donor/acceptor (D/A) o‐carborane dyads that exhibit dual luminescence peaks due to the occurrence of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) are reported. Interestingly, an anomalous phenomenon of pressure‐induced blueshifted and enhanced luminescence is clearly observed. From 1 atm to 1.09 GPa, the restriction of intramolecular motion increases the luminescence of o‐carborane dyads. At high pressures, the compressed o‐carborane unit suppresses PET and decreases the energy gap between the upper excited states. Since the rate of the internal conversion (IC) process is higher than that of PET, the charge transfer (CT) emission gradually disappears, causing the o‐carborane dyads to exhibit blueshifted luminescence. Therefore, a novel strategy for achieving the pressure‐induced enhanced and blueshifted luminescence characteristics of organic materials is reported in this work.
Multi‐Bioinspired Functional Conductive Hydrogel Patches for Wound Healing Management
Authors: Li Wenzhao , Yu Yunru , Huang Rongkang , Wang Xiaocheng , Lai Puxiang , Chen Kai , Shang Luoran , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany hydrogel patches are developed to solve the pervasive and severe challenge of complex wound healing, while most of them still lack satisfactory controllability and comprehensive functionality. Herein, inspired by multiple creatures, including octopuses and snails, a novel muti‐functional hydrogel patch is presented with controlled adhesion, antibacterial, drug release features, and multiple monitoring functions for intelligent wound healing management. The patch with micro suction‐cup actuator array and a tensile backing layer is composed of tannin grafted gelatin, Ag‐tannin nanoparticles, polyacrylamide (PAAm) and poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm). In virtue of the photothermal gel‐sol transition of tannin grafted gelatin and Ag‐tannin nanoparticles, the patches exert a dual anti‐microbial effect and temperature‐sensitive snail mucus‐like features. In addition, as the “suction‐cups” consisting of thermal responsive PNIPAm can undergo a contract‐relax transformation, the medical patches can adhere to the objects reversibly and responsively, and release their loaded vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) controllably for wound healing. More attractively, benefiting from their fatigue resistance, self‐healing ability of the tensile double network hydrogel, and electrical conductivity of Ag‐tannin nanoparticles, the proposed patches can report multiple wound physiology parameters sensitively and continuously. Thus, it is believed that this multi‐bioinspired patch has immense potential for future wound healing management.
Phase Segregation in PdCu Alloy Nanoparticles During CO Oxidation Reaction at Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Jiang Yingying , Lim Alvin M. H. , Yan Hongwei , Zeng Hua Chun , Mirsaidov Utkur 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBimetallic nanoparticle (NP) catalysts are widely used in many heterogeneous gas‐based reactions because they often outperform their monometallic counterparts. During these reactions, NPs often undergo structural changes, which impact their catalytic activity. Despite the important role of the structure in the catalytic activity, many aspects of how a reactive gaseous environment affects the structure of bimetallic nanocatalysts are still lacking. Here, using gas‐cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM), it is shown that during a CO oxidation reaction over PdCu alloy NPs, the selective oxidation of Cu causes the segregation of Cu and transforms the NPs into Pd–CuO NPs. The segregated NPs are very stable and have high activity for the conversion of CO into CO2. Based on the observations, the segregation of Cu from Cu‐based alloys during a redox reaction is likely to be general and may have a positive impact on the catalytic activity. Hence, it is believed that similar insights based on direct observation of the reactions under relevant reactive conditions are critical both for understanding and designing high‐performance catalysts.
Fine‐scale cultural variation reinforces genetic structure in England
Authors: Pichkar Yakov , Creanza Nicole 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesGenes and languages both contain signatures of human evolution, population movement, and demographic history. Cultural traits like language are transmitted by interactions between people, and these traits influence how people interact. In particular, if groups of people differentiate each other based on some qualities of their cultures, and if these qualities are passed to the next generation, then this differentiation can result in barriers to gene flow. Previous work finds such barriers to gene flow between groups that speak different languages, and we explore this phenomenon further: can more subtle cultural differences also produce genetic structure in a population? We focus on whether subtle, dialect‐level linguistic differences in England have influenced genetic population structure, likely by affecting mating preferences.Materials and MethodsWe analyze spatially dense linguistic and genetic data—both of which independently contain spatially structured variation in England—to examine whether the cultural differences represented by variation in English phonology colocalize with higher genetic rates of change.ResultsWe find that genetic variation and dialect markers have similar spatial distributions on a country‐wide scale, and that throughout England, linguistic boundaries colocalize with the boundaries of genetic clusters found using fineSTRUCTURE.DiscussionThis gene‐language covariation, in the absence of geographic barriers that could coordinate cultural and genetic differentiation, suggests that similar social forces influenced both dialect boundaries and the genetic population structure of England.
Mechanochemical Reactions from Individual Impacts to Global Transformation Kinetics
Authors: Carta Maria , Vugrin Leonarda , Miletić Goran , Kulcsár Marina Juribašić , Ricci Pier Carlo , Halasz Ivan , Delogu Francesco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTypically induced by the mechanical processing of powders in ball mills, mechanochemical transformations are considered to result from the application of mechanical force to solid reactants. However, the undeniable deep connection between the dynamic compaction of powders during impacts and the overall transformation degree has yet to be disclosed. In the present work, we show that the square planar bis(dibenzoylmethanato)NiII coordination compound undergoes trimerization when its powder experiences even a single ball impact. Based on systematic experiments with individual ball impacts and analysis by Raman spectroscopy, we provide here quantitative mapping of the transformation in the powder compact and deduce bulk reaction kinetics from multiple individual impacts.
Scaling eukaryotic cell‐free protein synthesis achieved with the versatile and high‐yielding tobacco BY‐2 cell lysate
Authors: Gupta Mainak Das , Flaskamp Yannick , Roentgen Robin , Juergens Hannes , Armero‐Gimenez Jorge , Albrecht Frank , Hemmerich Johannes , Arfi Zulfaquar Ahmad , Neuser Jakob , Spiegel Holger , Schillberg Stefan , Yeliseev Alexei , Song Lusheng , Qiu Ji , Williams Charles , Finnern Ricarda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEukaryotic cell‐free protein synthesis (CFPS) can accelerate expression and high‐throughput analysis of complex proteins with functionally relevant post‐translational modifications (PTMs). However, low yields and difficulties scaling such systems have prevented their widespread adoption in protein research and manufacturing.Here, we provide detailed demonstrations for the capabilities of a CFPS system derived from Nicotiana tabacum BY‐2 cell culture (BY‐2 lysate; BYL). BYL is able to express diverse, functional proteins at high yields in 48 h, complete with native disulfide bonds and N‐glycosylation. An optimized version of the technology is commercialized as ALiCE® and advances in scaling of BYL production methodologies now allow scaling of eukaryotic CFPS reactions. We show linear, lossless scale‐up of batch mode protein expression from 100 µL microtiter plates to 10 and 100 mL volumes in Erlenmeyer flasks, culminating in preliminary data from a litre‐scale reaction in a rocking‐type bioreactor. Together, scaling across a 20,000x range is achieved without impacting product yields.Production of multimeric virus‐like particles from the BYL cytosolic fraction were then shown, followed by functional expression of multiple classes of complex, difficult‐to‐express proteins using the native microsomes of the BYL CFPS. Specifically: a dimeric enzyme; a monoclonal antibody; the SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor‐binding domain; a human growth factor; and a G protein‐coupled receptor membrane protein. Functional binding and activity are demonstrated, together with in‐depth PTM characterization of purified proteins through disulfide bond and N‐glycan analysis.Taken together, BYL is a promising end‐to‐end R&D to manufacturing platform with the potential to significantly reduce the time‐to‐market for high value proteins and biologics.
Potential role of intratumor bacteria outside the gastrointestinal tract: More than passengers
Authors: Liu Zhu , Hong Lian‐Lian , Ling Zhi‐Qiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionTumor‐associated bacteria and gut microbiota have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential role in cancer development and therapeutic response. This review aims to discuss the contributions of intratumor bacteria outside the gastrointestinal tract, in addition to exploring the mechanisms, functions, and implications of these bacteria in cancer therapy.MethodsWe reviewed current literature on intratumor bacteria and their impact on tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, drug resistance, and anti‐tumor immune modulation. Additionally, we examined techniques used to detect intratumor bacteria, precautions necessary when handling low microbial biomass tumor samples, and the recent progress in bacterial manipulation for tumor treatment.ResultsResearch indicates that each type of cancer uniquely interacts with its microbiome, and bacteria can be detected even in non‐gastrointestinal tumors with low bacterial abundance. Intracellular bacteria have the potential to regulate tumor cells' biological behavior and contribute to critical aspects of tumor development. Furthermore, bacterial‐based anti‐tumor therapies have shown promising results in cancer treatment.ConclusionsUnderstanding the complex interactions between intratumor bacteria and tumor cells could lead to the development of more precise cancer treatment strategies. Further research into non‐gastrointestinal tumor‐associated bacteria is needed to identify new therapeutic approaches and expand our knowledge of the microbiota's role in cancer biology.
Do stories (always) make food products taste better? The boundary effects of matching package type and product dimension
Authors: Jaud David A. , Braconnot Alexandra R. , Lunardo Renaud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis research examines when the narrative transportation induced by storytelling influences taste. In a field experiment conducted in two wine stores, we first demonstrate that storytelling enhances actual taste through narrative transportation, but only when the package type matches the product. In the next experiment, we determine that product dimension (hedonic vs. utilitarian) is another boundary condition. We specifically show that the effect of storytelling through narrative transportation on expected taste is positively stronger for utilitarian products than hedonic products. This article contributes to the research on storytelling, narrative transportation, and sensory marketing by showing that storytelling indirectly enhances taste for products with matching packages and utilitarian products. This article also offers important implications for marketers and retailers who aim to enhance the perceived taste of their products.