bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solar Hydrogen
Authors: Li Zhongxiao , Fang Shi , Sun Haiding , Chung Ren‐Jei , Fang Xiaosheng , He Jr‐Hau 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHydrogen, produced through a zero‐pollution, sustainable, low‐cost, and high‐efficiency process, is regarded as the “ultimate energy” of the 21st century. Solar water‐splitting techniques have immense potential to make the idea a reality. Two promising approaches, photovoltaic‐electrolysis (PV‐EC) and photoelectrochemistry (PEC), have demonstrated solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion efficiency over 10%, which is the minimum required for competitively priced, large‐scale systems. Extensive studies of PV‐EC and PEC devices reported within the past five decades show increasing design complexity. To accurately describe the gap between laboratory research and practical application, the basic principles and concepts of PV‐EC and PEC are elaborated and clarified. The history of these developments is systematically summarized, and a comprehensive techno‐economic analysis of PV‐EC and PEC solar hydrogen production of 10 000 kg H2 day−1 is performed. The analysis shows that no solar hydrogen system is currently competitive with production methods based on fossil fuels, but the development of high‐efficiency water‐splitting electrolyzers with cost‐competitive components (especially for cation/anion exchange membranes) can accelerate progress.
TADF Invariant of Host Polarity and Ultralong Fluorescence Lifetimes in a Donor‐Acceptor Emitter Featuring a Hybrid Sulfone‐Triarylboron Acceptor**
Authors: Urban Mateusz , Marek‐Urban Paulina H. , Durka Krzysztof , Luliński Sergiusz , Pander Piotr , Monkman Andrew P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract10H‐Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]thiaborinine 5,5‐dioxide (SO2B)—a high triplet (T1=3.05 eV) strongly electron‐accepting boracycle was successfully utilised in thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters PXZ‐Dipp‐SO2B and CZ‐Dipp‐SO2B. We demonstrate the near‐complete separation of highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals leading to a low oscillator strength of the S1→S0 CT transition, resulting in very long ca. 83 ns and 400 ns prompt fluorescence lifetimes for CZ‐Dipp‐SO2B and PXZ‐Dipp‐SO2B, respectively, but retaining near unity photoluminescence quantum yield. OLEDs using CZ‐Dipp‐SO2B as the luminescent dopant display high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 23.3 % and maximum luminance of 18600 cd m−2 with low efficiency roll off at high brightness. For CZ‐Dipp‐SO2B, reverse intersystem crossing (rISC) is mediated through the vibronic coupling of two charge transfer (CT) states, without involving the triplet local excited state (3LE), resulting in remarkable rISC rate invariance to environmental polarity and polarisability whilst giving high organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) efficiency. This new form of rISC allows stable OLED performance to be achieved in different host environments.
A Target Recycling Amplification Process for the Digital Detection of Exosomal MicroRNAs through Photonic Resonator Absorption Microscopy
Authors: Wang Xiaojing , Shepherd Skye , Li Nantao , Che Congnyu , Song Tingjie , Xiong Yanyu , Palm Isabella Rose , Zhao Bin , Kohli Manish , Demirci Utkan , Lu Yi , Cunningham Brian T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have considerable potential as pivotal biomarkers to monitor cancer development, dis‐ease progression, treatment effects and prognosis. Here, we report an efficient target recycling amplification process (TRAP) for the digital detection of miRNAs using photonic resonator absorption microscopy. We achieve multiplex digital detection with sub‐attomolar sensitivity in 20 minutes, robust selectivity for single nucleotide variants, and a broad dynamic range from 1 aM to 1 pM. Compared with traditional qRT‐PCR, TRAP showed similar accuracy in profiling exosomal miRNAs derived from cancer cells, but also exhibited at least 31‐fold and 61‐fold enhancement in the limits of miRNA‐375 and miRNA‐21 detection, respectively. The TRAP approach is ideal for exosomal or circulating miRNA biomarker quantification, where the miRNAs are present in low concentrations or sample volume, with potentials for frequent, low‐cost, and minimally invasive point‐of‐care testing.
Towards Electrochemiluminescence Microscopy Exploration of Plasmonic‐Mediated Phenomena at the Single‐Nanoparticle Level
Authors: Scarabelli Leonardo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe rational design of functional plasmonic metasurfaces and metamaterials requires the development of high‐throughput characterization techniques compatible with operando conditions and capable of addressing single‐nanostructures. In their work, Wei et al. demonstrate the use of electrochemiluminescence microscopy to investigate the mechanism behind plasmon‐enhanced luminescence induced by gold nanostructures. The use of gold plasmonic arrays was exploited to achieve the rapid spectroscopic evaluation of all the individual nanostructures, and the correlation of the results with high‐ resolution electron microscopy analysis, guaranteeing a strict one‐to‐one correspondence. The authors were able to identify two different mechanisms for the enhancement of [Ru(bpy)3]2+‐tri‐n‐propylamine electrochemiluminescence mediated by single gold nanoparticles and by small plasmonic clusters. In the future, the proposed characterization could be used for the rapid and in situ spectroscopic analysis of more complex plasmonic nanostructures and metasurfaces.
Extrusion 3D printing of a multiphase collagen‐based material: An optimized strategy to obtain biomimetic scaffolds with high shape fidelity
Authors: Montalbano Giorgia , Calore Andrea Roberto , Vitale‐Brovarone Chiara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExtrusion printing represents one of the leading additive manufacturing techniques for tissue engineering purposes due to the possibility of achieving accurate control of the final shape and porosity of the scaffold. Despite many polymeric materials having already been optimized for this application, the processing of biopolymer‐based systems still presents several limitations mainly ascribed to their poor rheological properties. Moreover, the introduction of inorganic components into the biomaterial formulation may introduce further difficulties related to system homogeneity, finally compromising its extrudability. In this context, the present study aimed at developing a new multi‐phase biomaterial ink able to mimic the native composition of bone extracellular matrix, combining type‐I‐collagen with nano‐hydroxyapatite and mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles. Starting from a comprehensive rheological assessment, computational‐fluid‐dynamics‐based models were exploited to describe the material flow regime and define the optimal printing process planning. During printing, a gelatin‐based bath was exploited to support the deposition of the material, while the gelation of collagen and its further chemical crosslinking with genipin enabled the stabilization of the printed structure, characterized by high shape fidelity. The developed strategy enables the extrusion printing of complex multi‐phase systems and the design of high‐precision biomimetic scaffolds with great potential for bone tissue engineering.
Stannate and surface functionalized molybdate of zinc for enhanced flame retardancy of epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Mahajan Dhiraj S. , Sonawane Swati A. , Bari Mahendra L. , Patil Ujwal D. , Narkhede Jitendra S. , Deshpande Tushar D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSelf‐assembled platelike zinc molybdate and nanosized spherical zinc stannate particles were synthesized (at 27 & 5°C, respectively) following the surfactant mediated chemical precipitation method. Epoxy resin‐based composites were prepared by controllably adding 1%, 5%, and 10% (wt./wt.) of synthesized zinc‐based particles. Prepared composites were evaluated for their flame retardancy in terms of rate of burning, smoke density, limiting oxygen index and mechanical properties as flexural strength. Epoxy composites with 10% addition of oleic acid modified zinc molybdate with zinc stannate nanoparticles showed better performance in terms of flexural strength and improved flame retardancy among the composites prepared. The improvements in the flame retardancy and flexural strength of epoxy with surface modified fillers as compared to unmodified can be attributed to dispersion within a polymer matrix and correlated with their morphological, functional group, and thermogravimetric analyzes.
De Novo PACSIN1 Gene Variant Found in Childhood Lupus and a Role for PACSIN1/TRAF4 Complex in Toll‐like Receptor 7 Activation
Authors: Xie Chengmei , Zhou Haibo , Athanasopoulos Vicki , Shen Qian , Zhang Yaoyuan , Meng Xiangpeng , Burgio Gaetan , Arsov Todor , Lungu Adrian C. , Zhang Pingjing , Qin Yuting , Ma Jiangyang , Wu Xiaoqian , Jiang Xiaoyue , Ding Huihua , Meng Yao , Shen Nan , He Yuke , Vinuesa Carola G. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveIncreased Toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR‐7) signaling leading to the production of type I interferon (IFN) is an important contributor to human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 1 (PACSIN1), a molecule that regulates synaptic vesicle recycling, has been linked to TLR‐7/TLR‐9–mediated type I IFN production in humans and mice, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. We undertook this study to explore the pathogenicity and underlying mechanism of a de novo PACSIN1 missense variant identified in a child with SLE.MethodsPACSIN1 Q59K de novo and null variants were introduced into a human plasmacytoid dendritic cell line and into mice using CRISPR/Cas9 editing. The effects of the variants on TLR‐7/TLR‐9 signaling in human and mouse cells, as well as PACSIN1 messenger RNA and IFN signature in SLE patients, were assessed using real‐time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry. Mechanisms were investigated using luciferase reporter assays, RNA interference, coimmunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence.ResultsWe established that PACSIN1 forms a trimolecular complex with tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 4 (TRAF4) and TRAF6 that is important for the regulation of type I IFN. The Q59K mutation in PACSIN1 augments binding to neural Wiskott‐Aldrich syndrome protein while it decreases binding to TRAF4, leading to unrestrained TRAF6‐mediated activation of type I IFN. Intriguingly, PACSIN1 Q59K increased TLR‐7 but not TLR‐9 signaling in human cells, leading to elevated expression of IFNβ and IFN‐inducible genes. Untreated SLE patients had high PACSIN1 expression in peripheral blood cells that correlated positively with IFN‐related genes. Introduction of the Pacsin1 Q59K mutation into mice caused increased surface TLR‐7 and TRAIL expression in B cells.ConclusionPACSIN1 Q59K increases IFNβ activity through the impairment of TRAF4‐mediated inhibition of TLR‐7 signaling, possibly contributing to SLE risk.image
Fine‐tuning the standard setting of objective structured practical examinations in clinical anatomy
Authors: Dissabandara Lakal O. , Nawaratna Sujeevi , Nirthanan Selvanayagam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe objective structured practical examination (OSPE) is a reliable assessment of practical skills in anatomy teaching. It is often administered as low‐stake assessments to track progress at multiple time points in anatomy curricula. Standard‐setting OSPEs to derive a pass mark and to ensure assessment quality and rigor is a complex task. This study compared standard‐setting outcomes of clinical anatomy OSPEs determined by traditional criterion‐referenced (Ebel) and norm‐referenced (“meanminusstandard deviation”) methods in comparison tohybrid methodswhich applybothcriterion‐referenced and norm‐referenced approaches in setting examination standards. The hybrid approaches utilized included the “Cohen method” and an adaptation of the “Taylor's method,” which is an improvement on the Cohen method. These diverse standard‐setting methods were applied retrospectively to 16 anatomy OSPEs conducted over 4 years for first‐ and second‐year medical students in a graduate Doctor of Medicine Program at Griffith Medical School, Australia; and the pass marks, failure rates, and variances of failure rates were compared. The application of the adaptation of Taylor's method to standard set OSPEs produced pass marks and failure rates comparable to the Ebel method, whereas the variability of failure rates was higher with the Ebel method than with the Cohen and Taylor's methods. This underscores this study's adaptation of Taylor's method as a suitable alternative to the widely accepted but resource intensive, panel‐based criterion‐referenced standard‐setting methods such as the Ebel method, where panelists with relevant expertise are unavailable, particularly for the multiple low‐stakes OSPEs in an anatomy curriculum.
Investigation of the Effect of Zeolite Supports and the Role of W‐Species for One‐Pot Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose to Ethylene Glycol: Theoretical & Experimental Studies.
Authors: Sreekantan Sreejith , Pratap Singh Chandrodai , Krishnamurty Sailaja , Marimuthu Banu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEndeavors were made to study the influence of various zeolite (HY, NaY, NaZSM‐5 and HZSM‐5) supports with (Al)−Ni−W metal combination catalysts for the ethylene glycol (EG) production, selectively from cellulose. From the experimental results ZSM‐5 (NaZSM‐5/73.3% & HZSM‐5/67.7%) support is superior over HY & NaY support in selective EG production from cellulose. It was understood that W‐ species with oxygen vacancies (WO3‐x, XPS analysis) plays an important role in producing the glycolaldehyde (GA) intermediate (via C−C cleavages), which on hydrogenation over Ni‐ sites selectively produce EG. Further, the studies based on the Density Functional Theory (DFT) were conducted to substantiate the involvement of the WO3‐x species in the reaction. The adsorption energies and structural changes establish that the C2−C3 bond of the glucose elongates and thereby activates on adsorbing to WO3‐x sites supporting the formation of GA. Activation of GA on Ni‐ sites is distinguished by an increase of 0.1 Å in C=O bond length, which facilitates the hydrogenation of C=O resulting in EG. The reaction pathway is explained through an analysis of CDD and DOS.
Serum testosterone and prostate cancer in men with germline BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants
Authors: Dias Alexander , Brook Mark N. , Bancroft Elizabeth K. , Page Elizabeth C. , Chamberlain Anthony , Saya Sibel , Amin Jan , Mikropoulos Christos , Taylor Natalie , Myhill Kathryn , Thomas Sarah , Saunders Edward , Dadaev Tokhir , Leongamornlert Daniel , Dyrsø Jensen Thomas , Evans D. Gareth , Cybulski Cezary , Liljegren Annelie , Teo Soo H. , Side Lucy ,   The IMPACT study collaborators and Steering Committee, Kote‐Jarai Zsofia , Eeles Rosalind A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe relation of serum androgens and the development of prostate cancer (PCa) is subject of debate. Lower total testosterone (TT) levels have been associated with increased PCa detection and worse pathological features after treatment. However, data from the Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer Events (REDUCE) and Prostate Cancer Prevention (PCPT) trial groups indicate no association. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of serum androgen levels and PCa detection in a prospective screening study of men at higher genetic risk of aggressive PCa due to BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (PVs), the IMPACT study.MethodsMen enrolled in the IMPACT study provided serum samples during regular visits. Hormonal levels were calculated using immunoassays. Free testosterone (FT) was calculated from TT and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) using the Sodergard mass equation. Age, body mass index (BMI), prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) and hormonal concentrations were compared between genetic cohorts. We also explored associations between age and TT, SHBG, FT and PCa, in the whole subset and stratified by BRCA1/2 PVs status.ResultsA total of 777 participants in the IMPACT study had TT and SHBG measurements in serum samples at annual visits, giving 3940 prospective androgen levels, from 266 BRCA1 PVs carriers, 313 BRCA2 PVs carriers and 198 non‐carriers. The median number of visits per patient was 5. There was no difference in TT, SHBG and FT between carriers and non‐carriers. In a univariate analysis, androgen levels were not associated with PCa. In the analysis stratified by carrier status, no significant association was found between hormonal levels and PCa in non‐carriers, BRCA1 or BRCA2 PVs carriers.ConclusionsMale BRCA1/2 PVs carriers have a similar androgen profile to non‐carriers. Hormonal levels were not associated with PCa in men with and without BRCA1/2 PVs. Mechanisms related to the particularly aggressive phenotype of PCa in BRCA2 PVs carriers may therefore not be linked with circulating hormonal levels.
Genetically engineered chondrocytes overexpressing elastin improve cell retention and chondrogenesis in a three‐dimensional GelMA culture system
Authors: Zhang Wei , Lu Wei , Sun Kexin , Jiang Haiyue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElastic cartilage possesses many elastic fibers and has a high degree of elasticity. However, insufficient elastic fiber production remains unsolved in elastic cartilage tissue engineering. Exogenous elastin is difficult to degrade and violates cell proliferation and migration during cartilage regeneration. Moreover, exogenous elastic fibers are difficult to assemble with endogenous extracellular matrix components. We produced genetically engineered chondrocytes overexpressing elastin to boost endogenous elastic fiber production. After identifying that genetic manipulation hardly impacted the cell viability and chondrogenesis of chondrocytes, we co‐cultured genetically engineered chondrocytes with untreated chondrocytes in a three‐dimensional gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) system. In vitro study showed that the co‐culture system produced more elastic fibers and increased cell retention, resulting in strengthened mechanics than the control system with untreated chondrocytes. Moreover, in vivo implantation revealed that the co‐culture GelMA system greatly resisted host tissue invasion by promoting elastic fiber production and cartilage tissue regeneration compared with the control system. In summary, our study indicated that genetically engineered chondrocytes overexpressing elastin are efficient and safe for promoting elastic fiber production and cartilage regeneration in elastic cartilage tissue engineering.
Independent and creative learning in a Digital Electronics course using a web‐based circuit simulator
Authors: Zhu Yong , Howell Simon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper illustrates the teaching approaches to assessment that foster independent learning in an undergraduate course in the discipline of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. A web‐based circuit simulator of CircuitLab was used to implement some of the laboratory tasks. Practical solutions have been applied to bridge the learning achievement gap between the formative laboratory assessment and the summative examination. To promote creative and independent learning, unique individual self‐discovery projects were given to each student. The projects are generated according to each student's student number in an innovative approach to prevent plagiarism. The scaffolding and self‐discovery lab activities can be modified to be pure online versions, which had been attested in the online course delivery during the COVID‐19 lockdown period in 2020.
Associations among navigational support and health care utilization and costs in patients with advanced cancer: An analysis based on administrative health insurance data
Authors: Schindel Daniel , Gebert Pimrapat , Frick Johann , Letsch Anne , Grittner Ulrike , Schenk Liane 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundFragmented and complex healthcare systems make it difficult to provide continuity of care for patients with advanced cancer near the end of life. Nurse‐based cross‐sectoral navigation support has the potential to increase patients' quality of life. The objective of this paper was to evaluate associations between navigation support and health care utilization, and the associated costs of care.MethodsThe evaluation is based on claims data from 37 statutory health insurance funds. Non‐randomized recruitment of the intervention group (IG) took place between 2018 and 2019 in four German hospitals. The comparison group (CG) was defined ex post. It comprises nonparticipating clients of the involved health insurance funds matched on age, gender, and diagnosis in a 1:4 ratio to the IG. Healthcare resource utilization was compared using incident rate ratios (IRRs) based on negative binomial regression models. Linear mixed models were performed to compare differences in lengths of hospital stays and costs between groups.ResultsA total of 717 patients were included (IG: 149, CG: 568). IG patients showed shorter average lengths of hospital stays (IG: 11 days [95% CI: 10, 13] vs. CG: 15 days [95% CI: 14, 16], p < 0.001). In the IG, 21% fewer medications were prescribed and there were on average 15% fewer outpatient doctor contacts per month. Average billed costs in the IG were 23% lower than in the CG (IG: 6754 EUR [95% CI: 5702, 8000] vs. CG: 8816 EUR [95% CI: 8153, 9533], p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe intervention was associated with decreased costs mainly as a result of a non‐intended navigation effect. The social care nurses had navigated patients within the hospital early, needs‐oriented and effectively but interpreted their function less cross‐sectorally. Linkage of hospital‐based navigators with the outpatient care sector needs further exploration.
Real‐world analysis of the prognostic value of EGFR mutation detection in plasma ctDNA from patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Long Chaolian , Li Kun , Liu Zichen , Zhang Nana , Xing Xuya , Xu Liming , Gai Fei , Che Nanying 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe plasma sample has emerged as a promising surrogate sample for EGFR mutation detection in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In clinical practice, whether EGFR variants in baseline plasma ctDNA of advanced NSCLC can predict prognosis in addition to guiding targeted therapy remains to be further explored.Material and MethodsIn total, 315 NSCLC patients were retrospectively enrolled. EGFR mutation data from tissue detected by ARMS‐PCR and paired plasma samples within 1 month of admission detected by SuperARMS or ARMS‐PCR were collected. The correlation between baseline plasma ctDNA EGFR mutation status and survival was compared.ResultsEGFR mutation detection rates in tumor samples and plasma samples were 65.1% (205/315) and 43.8% (138/315). Referred to tissue results, the consistent rate of test ctDNA EGFR alteration by SuperARMS was higher than that detected by ARMS (79.5% vs. 69.0%, p = 0.04), either in stage I–IIIA patients (85.7% vs. 50.0%, p = 0.4) or stage IIIB–IV patients (79.1% vs. 69.4%, p = 0.04). Patients' treatment status and pathological subtype were the two factors that affected plasma ctDNA EGFR alteration detection accuracy. The concordance in non‐adenocarcinoma patients was obviously higher than that in adenocarcinoma (p = 0.02), and the concordance in treatment naïve patients was significantly higher than that in relapse patients (p = 0.047). In treatment naïve patients, the median PFS (mPFS) in plasma ctDNA EGFR‐positive patients was shorter than that in plasma ctDNA EGFR negative patients (7.0 vs. 10.0 months, p = 0.01). In relapsed patients, the mPFS in plasma ctDNA EGFR‐positive patients was 9.0 months versus 11.0 months in plasma ctDNA EGFR negative patients (p = 0.1).ConclusionsA plasma sample could be an alternative for a molecular test when tissue samples was unavailable. The SuperARMS‐PCR detection method has high sensitivity in real‐world clinical practice. Furthermore, in patients with stage IIIB‐IV, baseline plasma ctDNA EGFR mutation positivity not only guides targeted therapy but also predicts a worse prognosis.