bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, Management, and Impact of Dysmenorrhea on the Lives of Nurse and Midwife Trainees in Northern Ghana
Authors: Wuni Abubakari , Abena Nyarko Brenda , Mohammed Ibrahim Mudasir , Abdulai Baako Issahaka , Mohammed Iddrisu Sisala , Buunaaisie Camillus 
Published: August 2023

Background. Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological problem affecting the majority of female students in the nursing profession today. They often experience severe pain that is not only incapacitating but also has a significant impact on their day-to-day college life, academic, and clinical performance. Aim. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence, management, and impact of dysmenorrhea on the lives of nurse and midwife trainees in northern Ghana. Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach to data collection was employed to collect data from nurse and midwife trainees in three colleges of nursing and/or midwifery in the northern region of Ghana. A proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to recruit 303 respondents for the study. After gaining permission from various institutions, data were collected by using a structured questionnaire from 13th September to 28th October, 2022. Stata (special edition) for Windows version 17.0 was used for the statistical analyses. Results. The study revealed a high prevalence of dysmenorrhea among female nursing students (66.7% and 95% CI: 0.611–0.720). More than half of the respondents (67.3%) experienced loss of appetite for food. The most common site of most intense pain was the pelvis and lower abdomen (98.0%). A greater proportion of students (65.8%) used antispastic drugs to reduce pain. The respondents’ concentration in the classroom was greatly affected (77.2%) as well as normal physical activities (58.4%). A multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of dysmenorrhea are 2.67 times higher when the duration of menstruation is 4-5 days (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.13–6.28, and

p

= 0.024) than a duration of 1–3 days. Having urinary tract infections was associated with 3.56 times higher odds of dysmenorrhea (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI = 0.98–12.86, and

p

= 0.053). Again, the odds of dysmenorrhea were also four times higher among respondents with a family history of the same condition (AOR = 4.05, 95% CI = 2.16–7.61, and

p

= 0.001). Conclusion. The current study revealed a high prevalence of dysmenorrhea among nurse and midwife trainees in the northern part of Ghana. The majority of the respondent experienced loss of appetite and intense pain in the pelvis and lower abdomen, and their concentration during lectures was also significantly affected. The most predominant nonpharmacological method used for reducing the pain was sleep and the application of warm objects on the abdomen.
Facts and Hopes on RAS Inhibitors and Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Boumelha Jesse , Molina-Arcas Miriam , Downward Julian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Although the past decade has seen great strides in the development of immunotherapies that reactivate the immune system against tumors, there have also been major advances in the discovery of drugs blocking oncogenic drivers of cancer growth. However, there has been very little progress in combining immunotherapies with drugs that target oncogenic driver pathways. Some of the most important oncogenes in human cancer encode RAS family proteins, although these have proven challenging to target. Recently drugs have been approved that inhibit a specific mutant form of KRAS: G12C. These have improved the treatment of patients with lung cancer harboring this mutation, but development of acquired drug resistance after initial responses has limited the impact on overall survival. Because of the immunosuppressive nature of the signaling network controlled by oncogenic KRAS, targeted KRAS G12C inhibition can indirectly affect antitumor immunity, and does so without compromising the critical role of normal RAS proteins in immune cells. This serves as a rationale for combination with immune checkpoint blockade, which can provide additional combinatorial therapeutic benefit in some preclinical cancer models. However, in clinical trials, combination of KRAS G12C inhibitors with PD-(L)1 blockade has yet to show improved outcome, in part due to treatment toxicities. A greater understanding of how oncogenic KRAS drives immune evasion and how mutant-specific KRAS inhibition impacts the tumor microenvironment can lead to novel approaches to combining RAS inhibition with immunotherapies.
On the Precipice of a “Rituximab-Like” Era for T-Cell Lymphomas?
Authors: Varma Gaurav , Diefenbach Catherine S. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryTo date, mAbs have had limited success in improving outcomes for patients with T-cell lymphomas. Preclinical data suggest that anti–T-cell receptor Vβ-segment mAbs are a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with T-cell lymphomas that avoid several limitations of current therapies.See related article by Lucero et al., p. 4230
Prognostic Value of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With a Working Diagnosis of MINOCA—An Outcome Study With up to 10 Years of Follow-Up
Authors: Konst Regina E. , Parker Michele , Bhatti Lubna , Kaolawanich Yodying , Alenezi Fawaz , Elias-Smale Suzette E. , Nijveldt Robin , Kim Raymond J. 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:
Patients with a working diagnosis of myocardial infarction with unobstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA) represent a heterogeneous cohort. The prognosis could vary substantially depending on the underlying cause. Although cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is considered a key diagnostic tool in these patients, there are limited data linking the CMR diagnosis with the outcome.

METHODS:
This study is a prospective outcomes registry of consecutive patients presenting with a working diagnosis of MINOCA who were clinically referred for CMR at an academic hospital from October 2003 to February 2020. We assessed the relationships between the prespecified CMR diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), myocarditis, nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM), normal CMR study, and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs).

RESULTS:

Of 252 patients, the CMR diagnosis was AMI in 63 (25%), myocarditis in 33 (13%), NICM in 111 (44%), normal CMR in 37 (15%), and other diagnoses in 8 (3%). A specific nonischemic cause was diagnosed allowing true MINOCA to be ruled-out in 57% of the cohort. During up to 10 years of follow-up (1595 patient-years), MACE occurred in 84 patients (33%), which included 64 deaths (25%). The unadjusted cumulative 10-year rate of MACE was 47% in AMI, 24% in myocarditis, 50% in NICM, and 3.5% in patients with a normal CMR (Log-rank
P
<0.001). The CMR diagnosis provided incremental prognostic value over clinical factors including age, gender, coronary artery disease risk factors, presentation with ST-elevation, and peak troponin (incremental χ² 17.9,
P
<0.001); and patients with diagnoses of AMI, myocarditis, and NICM had worse MACE-free survival than patients with a normal CMR.

CONCLUSIONS:
In patients with a working diagnosis of MINOCA, CMR allows ruling-out true MINOCA in over half of the patients. CMR diagnoses of AMI, myocarditis, and NICM are associated with worse MACE-free survival, whereas a normal CMR study portends a benign prognosis.
Jeremiah’s Temple Sermon as a Traumascape: Reading Jeremiah 7:1–8:3 Through the Metaphor of the Phantasmagoria
Authors: Axtens Joshua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This interdisciplinary study integrates spatial theory and trauma studies to explore Jeremiah’s Temple Sermon (7:1–8:3) as a literary landscape in the context of cultural trauma. This study reads the Temple Sermon as a traumascape: a literary landscape constructed to shape and contain trauma stemming from Babylon’s subjugation of Judah. This reading proceeds in four parts structured around the metaphor of the phantasmagoria: the first analyses how the Sermon navigates the politics of memory to legitimise its interpretation of Judah’s past; the second explores how the Sermon constructs Judah’s past as a geography of national failure culminating in divine punishment; the third examines the rhetorical techniques which position the reading community to affirm yhwh’s rejection of their past selves. The final part integrates the findings of the prior three to read the Sermon as a traumascape wherein the tension between remembering and repressing trauma is navigated in the act of reading.
Combat Furlough and the Characterization of Uriah the Hittite
Authors: Berman Joshua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the narrative of David and Bathsheba (2 Sam 11) Uriah the Hittite is encouraged by the king to go home to his wife yet refuses to do so. For some, Uriah’s refusal is born out of piety and idealism, and he is unsuspecting of what has transpired between the king and his wife, Bathsheba. For others Uriah has caught wind of what has happened and realizes that David has summoned him precisely so that he should visit home, and cover David’s malfeasance. A review of the evidence finds both approaches wanting. This study turns to the clinical literature concerning the challenges of homecoming from the battlefield and the emotional minefield that is combat furlough between two battlefront deployments, offering a deeper understanding of the figure of Uriah the Hittite and resolving many of the questions raised by Uriah’s behavior in the narrative of 2 Sam 11.
Creating a distribution model of three crayfish species of the genus Faxonius (Decapoda, Cambaridae) in Michigan streams using publicly accessible data
Authors: Homan Robert C. , Baker Kathleen M. , Roth Brian M. , Smith Kelley R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research seeks to create a predictive model of habitat suitability for use in determining waterbodies vulnerable to introduced species within the state of Michigan. Three members of the genus Faxonius (Decapoda, Cambaridae) were selected as test taxa for the model due to several species’ propensity for significantly altering the ecosystems they inhabit in Michigan and elsewhere. Michigan State University and the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) conducted extensive field surveys of crayfish species assemblages across 461 stream sites from 2014-2016. This project compares these field data to data from publicly available national datasets with the purpose of revealing ecosystems that are vulnerable to population expansion. We identify patterns in Faxonius habitat at local (100 acres) and landscape (1000 acres) scales by associating crayfish occurrences throughout Michigan with variables characterizing landscape conditions thought to be important factors affecting their spread, growth, and survival. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model using variables from Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO) and National Land Cover Database (NLCD) successfully identified stream sites and watersheds in Michigan vulnerable to range expansion by Faxonius rusticus (Girard, 1852), Faxonius propinquus (Girard, 1852), and/or Faxonius virilis (Hagen, 1870). We found several habitat variables that influence our predictions. The most important variable describing F. rusticus presence was local (100-acre) scale Open Water land cover class, whereas for F. propinquus, the high-intensity developed land cover class at the local scale was the most important, while it was the shrubland land cover class at the local scale for F. virilis. This research demonstrates a powerful method to identify locations using remote sensing data that can be prioritized for conservation efforts that are threatened by invasive crayfish species.
Multi-model approach for growth analysis of Evibacus princeps Smith, 1869 (Decapoda, Scyllaridae) in the Gulf of California
Authors: León-Valdez Alma L. , Aragón-Noriega E. Alberto , Félix-Ortiz José A. , Arzola-González Juan F. , Payan-Alejo Jorge , Valenzuela-Quiñonez Wenceslao , Valdez-Camacho Alejo A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In Mexico, the spiny lobster fishery is well established but this is not the case with the slipper lobster fishery. For a sustainable fishery, many biological traits must be known, one of which is growth. The objective of the present study was to probe the multi-model approach to identify the curve that best describes the growth of Evibacus princeps from the Gulf of California. Specimens were collected aboard commercial trawlers during the industrial shrimp fishing season (October 2021-March 2022) at depths ranging from 10 to 55 m. Five versions of the Schnute model (including the Von Bertalanffy model) were applied and the best model was selected using the Bayesian information criterion. The estimation of an average model was performed because no model obtained 90% of the evidence. E. princeps from the Gulf of California exhibit an indeterminate growth pattern.
Potential of cavalcade, Centrosema pascuorum, leaves for controlling Meloidogyne javanica and quantification of active phytochemicals
Authors: Beesa Natthidech , Chinnasri Buncha , Sasnarukkit Anongnuch , Dethoup Tida , Jindapunnapat Kansiree , Kiriga Agnes W. , Saikai Kanan , Haukeland Solveig , Coyne Danny 
Published: August 2023

Summary
The legume cavalcade, Centrosema pascuorum, is used extensively as a cover crop and as a component of conservation agriculture systems. It is also an attractive rotation or cover crop for the management of root-knot nematodes (RKN; Meloidogyne spp.) as it is a non-host. RKN are persistent pests that are well known to be difficult to control. However, the mechanisms governing the non-host status of cavalcade is unknown. The current study established that cavalcade leaves are toxic to RKN as either aqueous extracts or soil amendments. Bioassays conducted using Meloidogyne javanica showed that a 90% concentration of aqueous extract derived from 1-month-old cavalcade leaves (89 mg crude extract ml−1) suppressed nematode hatch (82.9%) and killed infective second-stage juveniles of M. javanica (85.3%). Soil amendments with 1% (w/w) of 1-month-old cavalcade leaves (0.99 mg crude extract g−1 soil) also provided effective control of M. javanica in the glasshouse on okra. One-month-old leaves appeared more effective than 2- or 3-month-old leaves. The soil amendments had no adverse phytotoxic effect on okra seed germination. Our study demonstrates the potential for using cavalcade leaves or extracts to manage RKN. This may be due to the nematicidal activity of the various compounds in the leaves, such as flavonoids, phenols and terpenoids, which should be further assessed.
Winter Precipitation Type from Microwave Radiometers in New York State Mesonet Profiler Network
Authors: Shrestha Bhupal , Wang J. , Brotzge J. A. , Bain Nathan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Winter precipitation is a major cause of vehicle accidents, aviation delays, school and business closures, injuries through slips and falls, and adverse health impacts such as cardiac arrests and deaths. However, an improved ability to monitor and predict winter precipitation type (p-type) could significantly reduce and mitigate these adverse impacts. This study presents and evaluates a modified parcel thickness method to derive p-type from a microwave radiometer (MWR) every 10 min. The MWR-retrieved p-types from six selected New York State Mesonet (NYSM) profiler network sites are validated against reference observations from the Meteorological Phenomena Idenfication Near the Ground (mPING) and Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS). Between the two reference observations, the mPING reports are biased toward snow (SN) and sleet (SLT) and away from rain (RA) and freezing rain (FZR) compared to the ASOS. The MWR has the best Pierce skill score (PSS) for RA, followed by SN, FZR, and SLT, and consistently overforecasts FZR and underforecasts SLT compared to both mPING and ASOS. The MWR p-type retrievals are generally found to be in better agreement with ASOS than mPING. Continuous thermodynamic profiles and p-type estimates from across all 17 profiler sites are available at http://www.nysmesonet.org/networks/profiler. Having such thermodynamic information from across the state can be a valuable resource, with a significant advantage over twice daily NWS radiosondes, for monitoring and tracking hazardous winter weather in real time, for accurate forecasting, and for issuing timely warnings and alerts.

Significance Statement
Accurate prediction and monitoring of winter precipitation type (p-type) is important due to the adverse economic and health impacts posed by winter weather. However, complexities in understanding and modeling the processes that govern p-type and inadequate observational data limit accurate monitoring and prediction. To address these issues, a ground-based microwave radiometer (MWR) that provides thermodynamic profiles up to 10 km every 2 min, as deployed at 17 sites in the New York State Mesonet (NYSM) profiler network, can be a valuable tool. This study evaluates the accuracy of p-type estimates based on the parcel thickness method from the MWR data and its implementation to the NYSM real-time operations.
How Can Tariff Elimination and Trade Facilitation Affect East African Economies?
Authors: Bakouan Pousseni , Diarra Mahamadou , Ouedraogo Idrissa M. 
Published: August 2023

The article assesses the potential economic implications of tariff elimination and trade facilitation (TF) in the context of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) agreement for East Africa. Using the most recent GTAP database and computable general equilibrium model, the article provides additional evidence on the socio-economic benefits of the ongoing trade integration process. The results show that the elimination of tariffs would improve economic dynamism in most sectors of activity and household consumption. However, the elimination of tariffs alone would not be sufficient to achieve a significant level of trade integration. From a policy perspective, although a gradual implementation of tariff elimination is more beneficial for the zone, the results highlight the relevance of combining tariff elimination with complementary TF reforms. These reforms amplify the socio-economic gain from the AfCFTA. JEL Codes: F13, F14, F15, E23, C68
Routine FEV1measurement is essential in diagnosis and monitoring of childhood asthma: myth or maxim?
Authors: Onisor Maria Octavia , Turner Steve 
Published: August 2023

Childhood asthma is a common condition in children. This review describes the evidence from seven asthma guidelines for using spirometry in the diagnosis and monitoring of childhood asthma. All guidelines recommend spirometry as the primary test to be performed for diagnosing asthma in children aged >5 years. Spirometry is often normal in children with asthma. Guidelines are not consistent with respect to whether forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) or FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) should be measured, or their threshold for “abnormal” spirometry, and we describe the sensitivity and specificity for these different cut-offs. The role of spirometry in monitoring asthma is less clear in the guidelines, and some do not suggest spirometry should be done. There is no consensus on what spirometric measurement should be used, how often it should be measured and what is a minimum clinically important change in spirometry. The role of spirometry in diagnosing asthma is more clearly established when compared to its role in monitoring asthma. The potential of spirometry to aid decision making for asthma diagnosis and monitoring in children remains to be fully evaluated.Educational aimsTo provide knowledge of the commonly used guidelines for asthma diagnosis and management.To give insight into the opportunities and challenges in using spirometry to diagnose and monitor asthma in children.To provide an understanding of the precision of spirometry for diagnosing asthma.
Trajectory of blood pressure after initiating anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide treatment of migraine: a target trial emulation from the veterans health administration
Authors: Wang Kaicheng , Fenton Brenda T. , Dao Vinh X. , Guirguis Alexander B. , Anthony Sarah E. , Skanderson Melissa , Sico Jason J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is involved in migraine pathophysiology and blood pressure regulation. Although clinical trials have established the cardio-cerebrovascular safety profile of anti-CGRP treatment, limited high-quality real-world evidence exists on its long-term effects on blood pressure (BP). To address this gap, we examined the safety of anti-CGRP treatment on BP in patients with migraine headache in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

Methods
We emulated a target trial of patients who initiated anti-CGRP treatment or topiramate for migraine prevention between May 17th, 2018 and February 28th, 2023. We calculated stabilized inverse probability weights to balance between groups and then used weighted linear mixed-effect models to estimate the systolic and diastolic BP changes over the study period. For patients without hypertension at baseline, we estimated the cumulative incidence of hypertension using Kaplan–Meier curve. We also used weight mixed-effect Poisson model to estimate the number of antihypertension medications for patients with hypertension at baseline.

Results
This analysis included 69,589 patients and 554,437 blood pressure readings. of these, 18,880 patients received anti-CGRP treatment, and they were more likely to be women, have a chronic migraine diagnosis and higher healthcare utilization than those received topiramate. Among patients without hypertension at baseline, we found no significant differences in systolic BP changes over the four-year follow-up between anti-CGRP (slope [standard error, SE] = 0.48[0.06]) and topiramate treated patients (slope[SE] = 0.39[0.04]). The incidence of hypertension was similar for anti-CGRP and topiramate group (4.4 vs 4.3 per 100 person-years). Among patients with hypertension at baseline who initiated anti-CGRP treatment, we found a small but persistent effect on exacerbating hypertension during the first four years of treatment, as evidenced by a significant annual 3.7% increase in the number of antihypertensive medications prescribed (RR = 1.037, 95%CI 1.025–1.048).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that anti-CGRP treatment is safe regarding blood pressure in patients without hypertension. However, for those with baseline hypertension, anti-CGRP treatment resulted in a small but persistent increase in the number of antihypertensives, indicating an exacerbation of hypertension. Future studies are needed to evaluate the cardio-cerebrovascular safety of anti-CGRP treatment beyond the first four years.