bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion in patients with diabetic foot
Authors: Vitória Costa Gontijo Paula , da Silva Viviane Martins , Moreira Leitão Cardoso Maria Vera Lúcia , de Oliveira Lopes Marcos Venícios , Pascoal Lívia Maia , Neto Marcelino Santos , Santos Floriacy Stabnow 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion in patients with diabetic foot.MethodA diagnostic accuracy study with a cross‐sectional design was carried out with patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on outpatient diabetic foot treatment. We evaluated 134 patients with diabetic foot to determine the accuracy of the defining characteristics of ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion. A latent class model with random effects was used to establish the sensitivity and specificity of the defining characteristics assessed.ResultsIneffective peripheral tissue perfusion was present in 83.79% of the patients. The defining characteristics color does not return to lowered limb after 1‐minute leg elevation and edema had high sensitivity (0.8370 and 0.7213) and specificity (0.9991 and 0.9995).ConclusionThe defining characteristics color does not return to lowered limb after 1‐minute leg elevation and edema are good clinical indicators that can be used for screening and confirming ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion in patients with diabetic foot.
Government–Business Relations and Corporate Cash Holdings: Evidence from China*
Authors: Gao Yu , Cai Yan , Teng Zhuoqi , Fang Yuantao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study employs data from Chinese firms between 2017 and 2019 to explore how government–business relations affect corporate cash holdings. We find that healthy government–business relations have a significantly positive impact on corporate cash holdings. The mechanism test reveals that the former affects the latter via investment opportunities. Furthermore, product market competition positively moderates the relationship between government–business relations and corporate cash holdings, but financial constraints negatively moderate this relationship. The results of our research have implications for the government to optimize the quality of governance and for enterprises to adjust their business strategies.
On the role of experience versus motivation in predicting the own‐race effect
Authors: Tracy Ryan E. , Zomberg Dvora , Young Steven G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe other‐race effect (ORE) is a longstanding phenomenon in experimental psychology, where recognition for same‐race faces is superior than for other‐race faces. The present research pits two competing theories of perceptual expertise and social motivation against each other to see which is the more robust predictor of the ORE. In Study 1, we measured Black and White participants' prior contact with individuals from the other‐race (i.e. expertise) as well as their expected level of future interaction with other‐race individuals (i.e. motivation). Of the two theories, anticipated interaction (i.e. motivation) emerged as a significant predictor of the ORE. Study 2 followed the same design, measuring motivation with a self‐report assessment of how much participants are willing to have cross‐race friendships. Here, neither experience nor motivation predicted the ORE, though an ORE was established. Differences in measures that assess motivation and the experience versus motivation debate are discussed.
Machine‐learning approach for prediction of pT3a upstaging and outcomes of localized renal cell carcinoma (UroCCR‐15)
Authors: Boulenger de Hauteclocque Astrid , Ferrer Loïc , Ambrosetti Damien , Ricard Solene , Bigot Pierre , Bensalah Karim , Henon François , Doumerc Nicolas , Méjean Arnaud , Verkarre Virginie , Dariane Charles , Larré Stéphane , Champy Cécile , de La Taille Alexandre , Bruyère Franck , Rouprêt Morgan , Paparel Philippe , Droupy Stéphane , Fontenil Alexis , Patard Jean‐Jacques , Durand Xavier , Waeckel Thibaut , Lang Herve , Lebâcle Cédric , Guy Laurent , Pignot Geraldine , Durand Matthieu , Long Jean‐Alexandre , Charles Thomas , Xylinas Evanguelos , Boissier Romain , Yacoub Mokrane , Colin Thierry , Bernhard Jean‐Christophe 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the impact of pathological upstaging from clinically localized to locally advanced pT3a on survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), as well as the oncological safety of various surgical approaches in this setting, and to develop a machine‐learning‐based, contemporary, clinically relevant model for individual preoperative prediction of pT3a upstaging.Materials and MethodsClinical data from patients treated with either partial nephrectomy (PN) or radical nephrectomy (RN) for cT1/cT2a RCC from 2000 to 2019, included in the French multi‐institutional kidney cancer database UroCCR, were retrospectively analysed. Seven machine‐learning algorithms were applied to the cohort after a training/testing split to develop a predictive model for upstaging to pT3a. Survival curves for disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were compared between PN and RN after G‐computation for pT3a tumours.ResultsA total of 4395 patients were included, among whom 667 patients (15%, 337 PN and 330 RN) had a pT3a‐upstaged RCC. The UroCCR‐15 predictive model presented an area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve of 0.77. Survival analysis after adjustment for confounders showed no difference in DFS or OS for PN vs RN in pT3a tumours (DFS: hazard ratio [HR] 1.08, P = 0.7; OS: HR 1.03, P > 0.9).ConclusionsOur study shows that machine‐learning technology can play a useful role in the evaluation and prognosis of upstaged RCC. In the context of incidental upstaging, PN does not compromise oncological outcomes, even for large tumour sizes.
At‐risk mental states and personality traits: A cluster analysis approach on a group of help‐seeking young adults
Authors: Rossi Chiara , De Salve Francesca , Biagianti Bruno , Cavalera Cesare , Malvini Lara , Barbera Simona , Pastelli Ilaria , Tagliabue Sofia , Oasi Osmano , Percudani Mauro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionResearch on the relationship between personality and psychosis onset is growing, with the goal of preventing or intervening early in patients' vulnerability. The identification of individuals with at‐risk mental states has enabled the development of early intervention strategies, such as Programma 2000, a youth mental health service that was implemented in Milan (Italy).AimsFocusing on the 18–25 age range—the time window with the highest incidence of psychotic onset—this study aims to identify the personality traits that may characterize the at‐risk mental states and the social functioning of a group of help‐seeking young adults.MethodsThe sample includes 169 people (48.5% males and 51.5% females). Data were collected during an initial assessment that comprised the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale, the Personality Inventory for DSM‐5, the Checklist ERIraos and a clinical session.ResultsResults identified a three‐cluster solution based on the Checklist scores: Cluster 1 ‘Not at psychotic risk’; Cluster 2 ‘At intermediate risk’; Cluster 3 ‘With psychotic onset’. The multivariate analysis of the variance of personality traits shows significant differences among the clusters in negative affect, detachment and disinhibition. Higher scores in these traits may distinguish individuals, not at psychotic risk from those at intermediate risk or with psychotic onset. Moreover, social functioning was found to be negatively associated with clusters of psychotic risk.ConclusionFindings from this study highlighted the need to evaluate personalized interventions targeting such personality traits that could prevent psychotic transition and promote psychological well‐being.
Predicting creep‐fatigue and thermomechanical fatigue life of Ni‐base superalloys using a probabilistic physics‐guided neural network
Authors: Acharya Rohan , Caputo Alexander N. , Neu Richard W. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPredicting the life of thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) is challenging because there are several parameters describing the mechanical and thermal cycles including dwell periods within the cycle that can impact life. The relationships between these TMF history parameters and fatigue life are not always clear. This paper explores the use of a neural network (NN) with a probabilistic physics‐guided architecture to learn these relationships and predict the cycles to failure for a wide range of possible creep‐fatigue and thermomechanical fatigue histories. Using inputs of strain range, maximum and minimum temperature, the phasing between the thermal and mechanical cycles, cycling frequency, and dwell time in either tension or compression, the model predicts both the mean fatigue life and its confidence intervals (CI). The model is demonstrated from a comprehensive set of data on single‐crystal and directionally solidified Ni‐base superalloys extracted from the literature. The model is evaluated in several ways to determine the success of learning the relationship between the applied TMF histories and cycles to failure.
Population genetics and phylogeography of North American Merlins (Falco columbarius) in thepost‐DDT era
Authors: Martinico Breanna L. , Sage George K. , Gravley Megan C. , Talbot Sandra L. , Bourbour Ryan P. , Hull Angus C. , Haak Bruce A. , Fish Allen M. , Hull Joshua M. 
Published: January 2023

In North America, the population genetic structure of many raptor species has been shaped by patterns of post‐glacial population expansion and anthropogenic forces, such as the widespread use of the organochlorine pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) during the mid‐20th century. While common themes of post‐glacial avian population expansion have emerged, little is known about the genetic impacts of DDT on raptor species that experienced a population bottleneck but were not the focus of conservation efforts. We investigated how the combination of post‐Pleistocene environmental change and the DDT‐era population bottleneck have influenced the contemporary population structure of MerlinsFalco columbariusin North America. We genotyped migrating Merlins across North America (n = 272) at 23 polymorphic microsatellite loci and generated sequence data for a 569‐base‐pair segment of the mitochondrial control region. We used hierarchical analysis of molecular variance, pairwiseFST/STcomparisons and Bayesian clustering analyses to assess genetic differentiation between individuals from eastern and western North America, distinct migratory flyways, and three recognized North American subspecies. Across all analyses, we found low or no population differentiation, suggesting that North American Merlins largely comprise one panmictic population showing evidence of a post‐glacial population expansion with little genetic differentiation detected between regions. Furthermore, we did not detect a contemporary signal of a genetic bottleneck that could have resulted from the DDT‐era population decline with the markers used in this study. Consistent with other avian species, we found a correlation between allele length variation at a microsatellite isolated from the 3′ untranslated region of theADCYAP1gene and migratory versus sedentary characteristics in Merlin subspecies. We detected two common mitochondrial control region haplotypes in the geographical regions sampled, a unique pattern among other widespread North American raptor species. This study furthers our understanding of the genetic and demographic history of Merlins in North America and can inform future genomic studies of this species.
Prediction and validation of microbial community function from normal pulp to pulpitis caused by deep dentinal caries
Authors: Liu Yimeng , Wang Jiaojiao , Dong Bojuan , Zhai Yuanbin , Zhou Liwen , Sun Siyuan , Li Xinyi , Wu Ligeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionMicrobial function changes may be responsible for dental pulp transformation from normal to diseased. However, studies on the prediction and verification of the function of the microbial community in the deep dentine and pulp of caries‐induced pulpitis are lacking.MethodsThis study included 171 cases of deep dentinal caries divided into normal pulp (NP), reversible pulpitis (RP), and irreversible pulpitis (IRP). In Experiment I, the microbial community composition was identified in 111 samples using 16S ribosomal DNA. Function prediction was performed through phylogenetic investigation of communities by Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States prediction and qPCR. In Experiment II, different microbiome functions were confirmed in 60 samples using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsIn Experiment I, microbial abundance significantly differed in the IRP group compared to the other two groups. The RP and NP groups had the same microbiome composition, but the predicted functional difference between the RP and NP groups pertained to membrane transport (p < .010). The predicted functional difference between the IRP and NP groups pertained to amino‐acid, co‐factor, and vitamin metabolism (p < .010). In Experiment II, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional annotation revealed that the differential metabolites between the RP and NP groups did not participate in membrane transport; however, the differential metabolites between the IRP and NP groups participated in amino‐acid metabolism.ConclusionsThe near‐pulp microbiome in RP and NP with deep dentinal caries had the same differential function. However, amino acid metabolism in near the pulp microbial community differed between IRP and NP with deep dentinal caries.
The effect of Ti and Si on the mechanical and electrochemical behaviors of the AlCrN coating deposited by CAPVD on 304SS
Authors: Meghdari Mostafa , Rahmanifard Roohollah , Elmkhah Hassan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of adding titanium (Ti) and silicon (Si) elements on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of the AlCrN‐based coating. For this purpose, a cathodic arc physical vapor deposition machine was used. Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and nanoindentation tests were utilized for morphological, microstructural, and mechanical characterization of the coatings. The hardness value and plastic deformation index of CrAlN‐based coating increase with the presence of Si element. The mechanical properties improvement is attributed to the reduction of crystallite size as well as to the tendency of the coating structure to become amorphous. The specimens were subjected to 3.5 wt% NaCl solution to electrochemical impedance corrosion and potentiodynamic polarization tests. The results showed that by increasing the coatings’ titanium content, the coatings’ corrosion resistance improved. Moreover, by adding 3% and 5% of Si elements to the coatings’ composition, the corrosion resistance of the AlCrTiSiN coatings was enhanced by 35% and 78%, respectively. Improving the corrosion resistance of the AlCrN‐based coatings by adding the Si element is attributed to the change in the microstructure and reduction in the porosity of the coatings.
Does share pledging affect corporate philanthropy? Evidence from China
Authors: Xiong Jiacai , Tong Yixing , Zhang Feida , Ouyang Caiyue , Chan Kam C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe investigate the effect of insiders’ share pledging (SP) on corporate philanthropy and find that SP firms engage in corporate philanthropy more often than non‐SP firms. This effect is more pronounced for firms with higher downward price pressure or margin call risks. Our results remain robust after using alternative measures and addressing endogeneity issues. We also sample a group of SP and non‐SP firms that make comparable philanthropic donations and find that SP firms show better market performance and lower downside risks of stock price movements than non‐SP firms, indicating that SP firms use corporate philanthropy to alleviate margin call risks.
When Patients' Assessments of Treatment for Subjective Symptoms are At Odds with Authoritative Assessments in the Biomedical Literature: The Case of Patients Treated with Acupuncture for Low Back Pain in a Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic in China (and Story of a Bewildered Chicken)
Authors: Volinn Ernest 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAssessments of treatments for ‘subjective symptoms’ are problematic and potentially contentious. These are symptoms without ascertainable pathophysiology, also referred to as ‘medically unexplained.’ Treatments of them may be assessed from different perspectives, and an assessment as seen from one perspective may be discrepant with an assessment as seen from another perspective. The observational study described in the paper represents one perspective. Patients in the study were treated with acupuncture for the subjective symptom of low back pain in a Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic in China; acupuncture is a form of TCM, which is indigenous to China. Shortly after treatment began and six months afterward, patients reported ‘clinically important improvements’ on a variety of standard, cross‐culturally validated outcome measures, including pain intensity, physical functioning, and emotional functioning; this assessment is consistent with numerous assessments of acupuncture in China and other Southeastern Asian countries. On the other hand, clinical trials represent another perspective from which to assess acupuncture. Although assessments based on trials are not uniform, several assessments based on them, including those published in journals such as Lancet and New England Journal of Medicine, conclude that acupuncture is not effective. These trials, however, were mainly situated in the U.S., western European countries, and other WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic) countries. This is notable, because the population of China, the indigenous context of acupuncture, is greater than populations of WEIRD countries combined. Patients' expectations of a treatment such as acupuncture and their prior familiarity with it vary among contexts, and patients' experiences of treatment outcomes may vary accordingly. In short, although clinical trials constitute a test of truth in biomedicine and inform authoritative assessments in WEIRD countries, they do not necessarily represent the truth from the perspective of those experiencing outcomes of especially indigenous treatments for subjective symptoms in non‐WEIRD contexts.
CO2 enterography in endoscopic retrograde cholangiography using double‐balloon endoscopy: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Murate Kentaro , Nakamura Masanao , Yamamura Takeshi , Maeda Keiko , Sawada Tsunaki , Ishikawa Eri , Kida Yuichi , Esaki Masaya , Hamazaki Motonobu , Iida Tadashi , Mizutani Yasuyuki , Yamao Kentaro , Ishikawa Takuya , Furukawa Kazuhiro , Ohno Eizaburo , Honda Takashi , Ishigami Masatoshi , Kinoshita Fumie , Ando Masahiko , Kawashima Hiroki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and AimDouble‐balloon endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (DBERC) is a valuable procedure for patients with altered gastrointestinal anatomy. Nonetheless, it is time‐consuming and burdensome for both patients and endoscopists, partly because route selection in the reconstructed bowel with complicating loop is challenging. Carbon dioxide insufflation enterography is reportedly useful for route selection in the blind loop. This prospective randomized clinical trial investigated the usefulness of carbon dioxide insufflation enterography for route selection by comparing it with conventional observation.MethodsPatients scheduled to undergo DBERC were consecutively registered. They were divided into carbon dioxide insufflation enterography and conventional groups via randomization according to stratification factors, type of reconstruction methods, and experience with DBERC. The primary endpoint was the correct rate of initial route selection. The secondary endpoints were the insertion time, examination time, amount of anesthesia drugs, and complications.ResultsThe correct rate of route selection was significantly higher in the carbon dioxide insufflation enterography group (23/25, 92%) than in the visual method (15/25, 60%) (P = 0.018). The insertion time was significantly shorter in the carbon dioxide insufflation enterography group than in the visual group (10.8 ± 11.1 min vs 29.8 ± 15.7 min; P < 0.001). No significant differences in complications were noted between the two groups. The amounts of sedatives and analgesics used were significantly lower in the carbon dioxide insufflation enterography group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsCarbon dioxide insufflation enterography can reduce the burden of DBERC on patients and endoscopists by shortening the examination time and reducing the amount of medication.
Vitamin D levels and oral health in stroke patients during inpatient rehabilitation
Authors: Yakşi Elif , Horasan Nevin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundStroke is a severe that restricts the individual's functions, effects the oral health.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral health and vitamin D levels in stroke patients in rehabilitation units.MethodsParticipants with stroke, and age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls were recruited for the study. Oral Health Impact Scale‐14 (OHIP‐14), Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index, Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), Gingival Index (GI) and Plaque Index (PI) were assessed for all participants. Barthel Index (BI), Brunnstrom Recovery Scale (BRS) and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) assessed for the stroke patients. Vitamin D levels of each participant were recorded.ResultsThe stroke patients' DMFT index and OHIP‐14 values were higher than those of the healthy controls (p < .05). However, no significant differences were observed in terms of CPTIN, PI, or GI scores (p > .05). No statistically significant difference was determined in the DMFT index, OHIP‐14 scores, Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), PI (Plaque Index) and GI (Gingival Index) scores according to vitamin D levels among the stroke patients (p > .05). Stroke patients' functional scores (BRS, MAS and BI), vitamin D levels and oral health status (OHIP‐14, DMFT, CPITN, PI and GI) were subjected to correlation analysis. This revealed significant negative correlation between BRS (arm, hand and leg), and BI and OHIP‐14 scores (p < .05).ConclusionAlthough the DMFT index and oral health‐related quality of life were adversely affected in stroke patients, no relationship was found between vitamin D and oral health status.