bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of two dietary synbiotics on growth performance, haematological parameters, and non-specific immune responses in Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica)
Authors: Olowe Olumide Samuel , Hamidoghli Ali , Choi Wonsuk , Bae Jinho , Lee Yein , Ewumi Folorunso Azeez , Lee Seunghyung , Bai Sungchul C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Feed additives are essential in improving the growth and immunity of eels, which are often affected by nutritional and disease challenges. This study evaluated the effects of two dietary synbiotics in Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica: Bacillus subtilis with mannooligosaccharide (MOS) and Enterococcus faecium with fructooligosaccharide (FOS). Six diets, including a basal diet (CON), a 4 g kg− 1 oxytetracycline (OTC), and four synbiotic diets - B.subtilis at 1 × 106 and 107 CFU g− 1 plus 5 g kg− 1 MOS (BS6MO and BS7MO) and E. faecium at 1 × 106 and 107 CFU g− 1 plus 5 g kg− 1 FOS (EF6FO and EF7FO) - were prepared and fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish averaging 6.00 ± 0.07g (mean ± SD) for eight weeks. Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR), and feed efficiency (FE) of fish fed B. subtilis plus MOS (BSMOS) diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed CON and OTC diets (p < 0.05) but not significantly higher than those of fish fed the E. faecium plus FOS (EFFOS) diets. Best protein efficiency was achieved in fish fed the synbiotics diets (p < 0.05). Fish fed OTC diets showed the highest level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) but were not significantly different from synbiotic diets, except for BS6MO. Fish fed the EF7FO diets showed the lowest superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity compared to other synbiotics. Japanese eel fed with the synbiotic and OTC diets showed no significant difference in resistance against Vibrio anguillarum. Since synbiotics are dose dependent, the synergetic efficiency of EFFOS is better at 107 CFU g− 1. These results suggest that BS7MO may be more effective as a synbiotic in Japanese eel diet than EFFOS diets. Our results showed that synbiotic diets could improve growth and immunity and be a sustainable alternative to antibiotics.
The inclusion of the gender perspective in oncology research
Authors: Lucas-Domínguez Rut , González-Aragonés María , Sixto-Costoya Andrea , Ruiz-Martínez Emmanuel , Alonso-Arroyo Adolfo , Valderrama-Zurián Juan Carlos 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The gender perspective is important in the approach to diagnosis and treatment of diseases, especially in the field of oncology. This study aims to analyze the gender approach in scientific articles on oncology, studying the gender composition of authorship of papers and the gender perspective in the research carried out. A bibliographic search of articles and reviews signed by at least one Spanish author and published in the period 2010–2019 was carried out using the Science Citation Index Expanded database in the Oncology category. A total of 7,523 documents were classified according to the gender of the authors, and a randomized sample was used for evaluating gender perspective using an elaborated checklist. This study revealed the lack of parity in the authorship of Spanish oncology publications, with the number of papers without parity being 8 times higher than papers with parity and showing a greater presence of male than female authorship (58% versus 31%). Regarding the introduction of the gender perspective, a negative response of 68% referring to compliance with the total checklist items analyzed was obtained, and only a fifth of the articles presented gender balance in the sample under study. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between gender parity in authorship and gender mainstreaming in published research. In conclusion, there is a great need to advance the inclusion of the gender perspective in cancer research to overcome gender bias and promote better prevention, detection, and intervention of cancer diseases.
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T predicts the tumour microenvironment immune characteristics and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: Bioinformatics-based approach
Authors: LI yujing , Xiang Shuai , Sun Yuxin , Li Xiangjun , Wang Song , Zhang Di , Qiu Zhenkang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background and aims:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a commonly occurring type of malignancy lacking effective prognostic biomarkers. This study aimed to identify the role of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T) in HCC and investigate its potential clinical and prognostic significance.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 424 case series and files from TCGA datasets were used in the analysis. UBE2T expression was analysed via the Tumour Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) site. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected to run genome ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to examine UBE2T-associated signalling pathways. Analysis of tumour mutational burden (TMB), immune cell differentiation, immune cell correlation, immune checkpoints, drug sensitivity, and immunotherapy was also performed. Immunohistochemistry was utilized to validate the dysregulation of UBE2T in HCC.
Results:
UBE2T expression levels were significantly higher in the tumour group than in the normal group, according to the differential analysis of the TCGA-LIHC data (P<0.001). Based on univariate and multivariate Cox analyses, UBE2T could be employed as an independent prognostic factor to predict the progression of HCC. The results of the immune analysis indicated that immune cells were more active in the UBE2T high expression group and identified the associated immune checkpoint.Drug sensitivity analysis revealed that the UBE2T high expression group was sensitive to cell cycle drugs.
Conclusion:
UBE2T has significant prognostic value in HCC and can be used as a potential tumour biomarker of tumour microenvironment immune characteristics.
Impact of SGLT2-inhibitors on contrast-induced acute kidney injury in Diabetic patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Insight from SGLT2-I AMI PROTECT Registry
Authors: Paolisso Pasquale , Bergamaschi Luca , Cesaro Arturo , Gallinoro Emanuele , Gragnano Felice , Sardu Celestino , Mileva Niya , Foà Alberto , Armillotta Matteo , Sansonetti Angelo , Amicone Sara , Impellizzeri Andrea , Belmonte Marta , Esposito Giuseppe , Morici Nuccia , Oreglia Jacopo Andrea , Casella Gianni , Mauro Ciro , Vassilev Dobrin , Galiè Nazzareno , Santulli Gaetano , Calabrò Paolo , Barbato Emanuele , Marfella Raffaele , Pizzi Carmine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background. Diabetic patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have an increased risk of contrast-induced-acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). It has been shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) have a nephroprotective effect.
Purpose. To analyze the association between chronic SGLT2-I treatment and the development of CI-AKI in diabetic patients with AMI (both ST- and non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction) treated with PCI, in both patients with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Methods. In this multicenter international registry, consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and AMI undergoing PCI between 2018 and 2021 were enrolled. The study population was stratified by the presence of CKD and anti-diabetic therapy at admission (SGLT2-I versus non-SGLT2-I users). CI-AKI was defined as an absolute (≥0.5 mg/dl) or relative increase (≥25%) in creatinine at 48-72 h after PCI compared to baseline values.
Results. The study population consisted of 646 AMI patients: 111 SGLT2-I users [28 (25.2%) with CKD] and 535 non-SGLT2-I users [221 (41.3%) with CKD]. The median age was 70 [61-79] years, and more than 77% were males. Independently of creatinine at admission, SGLT2-I users exhibited significantly lower creatinine values at 72h after PCI, both in the non-CKD and CKD stratum. After PCI, the overall rate of CI-AKI was 76 (11.8%), significantly lower in SGLT2-I users compared to non-SGLT2-I patients (5.4% vs 13.1%, p=0.022). This finding was confirmed also in patients without CKD (p=0.040). In the CKD cohort, SGLT2-I users maintained significantly lower creatinine values at discharge, albeit without significant differences in CI-AKI rate compared to non-SGLT2-I patients. At multivariate analysis, the use of SGLT2-I was identified as an independent predictor of reduced rate of CI-AKI (OR 0.356; 95%CI 0.134-0.943, p=0.038). Patients with CI-AKI reported a longer hospital stay and higher incidence of adverse cardiovascular events at follow-up (p=0.001), mostly in the CKD cohort.
Conclusion. In T2DM patients with AMI, the use of SGLT2-I was associated with a lower risk of CI-AKI during the index hospitalization, mostly in patients without CKD. Our results provide new insights into the cardio and nephroprotective effects of SGLT2-I in the setting of AMI.
Trial Registration: data are part of the observational Registry: SGLT2-I AMI PROTECT. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT 05261867.
Hitchhiker's Guide to the TFHE Scheme
Authors: Klemsa Jakub 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Also referred to as the holy grail of cryptography, Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows for arbitrary calculations over encrypted data. First proposed as a challenge by Rivest et al. in 1978, the existence of an FHE scheme has only been shown by Gentry in 2009. However, until these days, existing general-purpose FHE schemes suffer from a substantial computational overhead, which has been vastly reduced since the original construction of Gentry, but it still poses an obstacle that prevents a massive practical deployment of FHE. The TFHE scheme by Chillotti et al. represents the state-of-the-art among general-purpose FHE schemes. This paper aims to serve as a thorough guide to the TFHE scheme, with a strong focus on the reliability of computations over encrypted data, and help researchers and developers understand the internal mechanisms of TFHE in detail. In particular, it may serve as a baseline for future improvements and/or modifications of TFHE or related schemes.
Are inner nuclear layer ischemic lesions hidden indicators of retinal vein occlusion risk? A case- control study
Authors: Nourinia Ramin , Mashhadi Mohammad Javad , Abtahi Seyed-Hossein , Nouri Hosein 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose To investigate the association between retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and evidence of previous, unnoticed inner nuclear layer (INL) infarction in the fellow eye.Methods This prospective case-control study compared the prevalence of INL lesions in the fellow eye of consecutive people with hypertension (PwHTN) with unilateral RVO versus a randomly chosen eye of an age-matched control group of PwHTN without RVO. En face slabs above the outer plexiform layer (OPL) were generated from 6x6 fovea-centered optical coherence tomography scans. Cross-sectional scans and en face slabs were surveyed for evidence of active/resolved ischemic INL lesions.Results 69 PwHTN were included and assigned to two groups, i.e., the RVO group (n = 37; 22 BRVO and 15 CRVO) and the control group (n = 32). There was no inter-group difference regarding age, gender distribution, and background diseases. Resolved INL lesions were more frequent in the RVO group (n = 26) than in the control group (n = 4) (70.3% vs. 12.5%, p < 0.001). BRVO and CRVO cases had similar prevalence of INL lesions in their fellow eyes. Unlike diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and gender, INL lesions were associated with RVO (in the fellow eye) with an odds ratio of 15.7 (95%CI: 4.17–76.73, p < 0.001).Conclusion We identified a substantially higher prevalence of INL lesions in PwTHN with RVO compared to PwHTN without RVO. The atrophic appearance of lesions suggests they may serve as early markers of increased RVO risk in individuals with systemic or cardiovascular predisposing factors.
Trajectories of plant nitrogen availability globally during 1984-2022 uncovered by satellite-derived nitrogen stable isotope ratio
Authors: Yang Jinyan , Zhang Haiyang , Guo Yiqing , Donohue Randall , McVicar Tim , Ferrier Simon , Müller Warren , Lü Xiaotao , Fang Yunting , Wang Xiaoguang , Reich Peter , Han Xingguo , Mokany Karel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Nitrogen (N) availability regulates the productivity of terrestrial plants and the ecological services they provide. There is evidence for both increasing and decreasing plant N availability in different biomes, but the data are fragmentary. How plant N availability responds to climate change, N deposition and increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration remains a major uncertainty in the projection of the terrestrial carbon sink. The foliar N stable isotope ratio (δ15N) is an indicator of plant N availability but its usefulness to infer long-term global patterns has been limited by data scarcity. Combining ground-based δ15N and Landsat spectra, we derived annual global maps of Landsat-based foliar δ15N as estimates of plant N availability during 1984-2022. We found significant decreases in plant N availability for 44% and increases in 16% of vegetated Earth’s surface with large spatial heterogeneity. Plant N availability declined in woody-dominated ecosystems but increased in herbaceous-dominated ones. These δ15N trends were consistently and negatively correlated with the trends of Normalised-Difference-Vegetation-Index as they varied across ecosystems, suggesting increasing plant cover could have led to decreasing plant N availability. Our results indicate possible future reductions in plant N availability in many terrestrial ecosystems and provide a useful way to monitor those changes globally.
Influencing factors of COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among adults in Taiwan, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huang Chun-Lian , Chen Jau-Yuan , Chen Xiao-ying , Lin Xiao-Qing , Deng Jing-Shan , Tung Tao-Hsin , Zhu Jian-Sheng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives The promotion of the COVID-19 vaccine is key to controlling the spread of COVID-19. One of the most significant obstacles in tackling the pandemic is vaccine hesitancy. While many published studies have examined vaccine hesitancy among adults, there is a dearth of such studies exploring vaccine hesitancy among adults in Taiwan, China.Study design and Methods We surveyed 384 adults in Taiwan from July 14 to September 23, 2021. Using a Chi-square test and a binary logistic regression, we examined the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and the factors influencing this. In addition, we summarized the regional differences in vaccine hesitancy across China that was reported by previous research.Results Overall, 64.3% of participants were hesitant to be vaccinated. Gender and perception of the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine was identified as a risk factor for vaccine hesitancy. Additionally, hesitancy in mainland China was found to be lower than that in Taiwan and Hong Kong.Conclusion The results of this study highlight the attitudes of the adults towards vaccination and the factors that influence it. The results can inform the government’s development of epidemic prevention and control policies that would improve vaccine uptake.
Designing a Web3 Ecosystem to Facilitate a Participatory Economy for the Movie and Series Industry
Authors: NORTA ALEX , Ibrus Indrek , Milligan Alan R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The audiovisual media content (AMC) industry, focused on film and television drama production, is confronted with a broken business model due to the dominance of centralized streaming platforms. The top platforms dominate global distribution but only offer slices of produced and heritage content. In addition, they compete with the AMC industry by producing a majority of content distributed. This leaves fewer gatekeepers deciding on the content to be distributed and less diverse content easily accessible to audiences Consequently, audiences are compelled to engage in pirating movies despite a willingness to pay. Recent blockchain innovations towards the so-called Web3 promise to restore this broken business model by re-establishing direct contact between the producers of films and their audiences. The benefits of networks (peer-to-peer or community based) in combination with Web3 follow the principle of decentralized disintermediation while comprising elements such as FIAT to crypto-payment mechanisms, self-sovereign identity authentication, blockchain oracles, decentralized autonomous organizations (DAO), and so on. A gap exists with regard to methodological designs of Web3 decentralized applications (DApp) and their ecosystems for restoring a viable AMC business model that not only eliminates the need for piracy activities but even the need for platforms. The DApp architecture designs for the film- and media industry ecosystem creation in this paper allow, on the one hand, for a legal compliance check ahead of a costly deployment. On the other hand, the DApp designs of this paper also allow for a tailored blockchain technology stack development. Ultimately, this research is a continuation of an earlier whitepaper to establish a participatory economy in the film industry from peer-to-peer streaming.
RUNX1 promotes alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition in LPS-induced ARDS in rat via NF-κ B pathway
Authors: Li Qing , XIAO Chuan , Li Lu , Liu Ying , Li Wei , He Juan , Gu Jiarun , Shen Feng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Previous studies have confirmed that acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) is a transcription factor expressed in various organs, including lung tissue, and is involved in multiple pathophysiological processes such as inflammation. We hypothesized that RUNX1 participates in regulating the pathogenesis of ARDS, but whether it is involved in alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition is unclear.Methods In vivo, we observed the expression of RUNX1 in lung tissue in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS rats and down-regulated the RUNX1 gene to confirm its regulatory role in alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition. In vitro, we measured RUNX1 levels in LPS-stimulated alveolar epithelial cell type II (AEC II) and down-and up-regulated RUNX1 gene in AEC II cells using lentiviral infection technology to determine its regulatory role in cells. Finally, we observed the effect of RUNX1 on the NF-κ B pathway and explored the underlying mechanism of RUNX1.Results RUNX1 expression was significantly increased in lung tissue of LPS-induced ARDS rats. Alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition were observed in ARDS rats, as shown by increased expressions of tissue factor (TF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in lung tissue. Meanwhile, the NF-κB signaling pathway was also activated. Conditional knockdown of RUNX1 significantly inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway and downregulated the expressions of TF and PAI-1 in pulmonary tissue in rat ARDS. In vitro, we found that the expressions of RUNX1 in LPS-induced AEC II were significantly increased, with the NF-κB pathway being activated. Up-regulation of the RUNX1 gene further boosted the LPS-induced expressions of TF and PAI-1, and the LPS-induced NF-κB pathway activation as well. Down-regulation of the RUNX1 gene, however, dramatically suppressed TF and PAI-1 expressions and significantly inhibited NF-κB pathway activation, even when compared to those in cells stimulated by LPS alone.Conclusions RUNX1 regulates alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolysis inhibition in LPS-induced ARDS. The underlying mechanism of RUNX1 may be associated with NF-KB signaling pathway activation. RUNX1 is expected to be a new target for improving alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition in ARDS.
Effect of water-based vs. land-based exercise intervention (postCOVIDkids) on exercise capacity, fatigue and quality of life in children with post COVID-19 condition: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ogonowska-Slodownik Anna , Labecka Marta , Maciejewska-Skrendo Agnieszka , McNamara Renae , Kaczmarczyk Katarzyna , Starczewski Michał , Gajewski Jan , Morgulec-Adamowicz Natalia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Evidence indicates that 1–66% of children continue to experience different symptoms after recovering from COVID-19. We conducted three-group, randomized controlled trial with children aged 10-12 years with post COVID-19 condition. Participants were randomized to AQUA, LAND or CONTROL groups. The AQUA and LAND training sessions were conducted twice a week for eight weeks. The primary outcomes were exercise capacity, measured using the modified Balke treadmill protocol, and fatigue, measured using the Cumulative Fatigue Symptoms Questionnaire (CFSQ). The secondary outcome was health-related quality of life (HRQoL), measured with the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) for children and for parents. Seventy-four of the 86 children completed the intervention and attended the post-intervention assessment. The absolute maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) values increased after both AQUA (p=0.001) and LAND (p=0.004) interventions. No significant differences were found for the degree of total fatigue and individual fatigue symptoms. A significant improvement was found in the PedsQL reported by the parents in the LAND group. In conclusion the applied eight-week water-based and land-based exercise training programs improved exercise capacity in children aged 10-12 years old with post COVID19 condition. The parents of the children in the training groups also noted an improvement in HRQoL.
Chicoric Acid from Health Foods Improves Motor Dysfunction in Zebrafish Parkinson’s Disease Model
Authors: Li Chunyan , Li Mingyue , Zhang Ce , Zhang Huilin , Wang Zhenhua , Wang Tian , Zhang Guirong , Han Bing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Chicoric acid (CA) has been used as a nutritional supplement, health food, and medicine because of its antioxidant property. This study aimed to investigate whether CA can improve motor dysfunction in a zebrafish model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). AB-strain zebrafish larvae (24 hours post-fertilization) were incubated with 25 μM 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) with or without CA for 5 days. The levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, and reactive oxygen species were measured, as were the activities of antioxidant enzymes in brain tissue. Additionally, the expression of molecules from the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway were assayed by western blot. Compared with the control group, zebrafish in the MPTP group had impaired motor function. Treatment with CA improved motor dysfunction and attenuated dopaminergic neuronal injury in the PD zebrafish model. CA treatment also reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species and increased the antioxidant enzymes and glutathione level. Furthermore, CA augmented the expression of Nrf2, heme oxygenase, quinone oxidoreductase 1, and glutamate-cysteine ligase in the brain of the PD zebrafish model. CA from health foods also improved motor dysfunction and attenuated dopaminergic neuronal injury in the MPTP-induced PD zebrafish model. Our findings suggest that the mechanism of action of CA is related to its inhibition of oxidative stress via regulation of the Nrf2 pathway.