bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of inventory in a food repackaging company
Authors:   , Thiantravan Chutipapha 
Published: September 2023

This research aims to evaluate the nature of business and apply a suitable inventory policy to a case study food-repackaging company. The company adopted bulk-purchasing to packaging inventory to realize the economy of scales. Because of the lacks of purchasing standard and monitoring, this inventory policy led to the overstock, deadstock, and obsolete packaging inventories as well as the fluctuation of inventory turnover rate. The further category analysis of the packaging inventories using ABC analysis reveals that special customized bags and packaging items have a long lead time due to international sourcing and high minimum order quantity (MOQ). As a result, this research proposed local sourcing and negotiation of purchasing volume as means to reduce ordering lead time for high-impact and active packaging items. Hence, the application of Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), reorder point (ROP), and continuous inventory review were suggested as inventory policy. The compatibility of the policy and its impacts was validated and compared using a Monte Carlo Simulation. The results suggested that the proposed policy could reduce inventory cost by 28.36% by preventing stock-out and reducing excess inventory. In addition to the inventory, the research also highlighted inventory cycle count of each group.
A comparison between integrative and instrumental motivation of Thai-Korean language learners
Authors:   , Teeramatvanit Koravan 
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study is to examine the types of motivation of Thai­-Korean language learners and to find which type of motivation is dominant for Thai people learning Korean language. An online survey conducted between October and November 2021 collected 155 Thai-Korean language learners from two Korean language institutes certified by the Embassy of the Republic of Korea, namely Chiang Mai King Sejong Institute, and King Sejong Institute in Bangkok. For detailed analysis, the responses of 60 students and 95 non­students were further examined, mainly by comparing the mode of their responses. The results reveal that student and non-student displayed high scores in both integrative motivation and instrumental motivation in learning Korean language, with some similarities and differences regarding the dominant motivation in both groups. The category 'further education' is the dominant motivation for learning Korean for students and non-students alike, however, in terms of differences, 'learning Korean for travel purposes' is the dominant motivation among students while 'Korean cultural interest and Korean wave' is the dominant motivation among non-students learning Korean.
Contributing factors in aircraft accidents triggering fatalities
Authors:   , Chalayonnawin Prakayphet 
Published: September 2023

Air transport has always been considered the safest way to travel. It has contributed numerous economic and social benefits, for instance, connecting multimodal modes of transportation, increasing employment, driving global and local economic activities, reducing travel time and generating trade, tourism, and services, connecting people and countries, and supporting humanitarian activities in a remote rural area. Historical records on the fatality ratio suggested that air transportation has the highest likelihood of accidents (occurrences with fatalities) when compared to all other transportation modes, including highway, railroad, and water. Then, when an accident occurs, it largely affects various stakeholders. This study aims to re-analyze the worldwide aircraft accidents from 2014 to 2017, by (1) identifying the contributing factors that trigger accidents (occurrences with fatalities) and (2) providing the countermeasures accounting for all high-risk accidents and significant contributing factors, for the mitigation/prevention of the future occurrences. A mixed method of quantitative and qualitative approaches was conducted. Ten aviation safety experts were recruited for an interview. Worldwide commercial aircraft accidents were collected from accident databases, final investigation reports, and various aviation communities. Factors derived from the expert interview and the precedent aircraft accidents were analyzed by adopting binary, censored, and ordered logistic regressions. Results revealed that time of day, aircraft size, and the effective implementation of State of occurrence has an impact on accidents. The predicted model suggested that flights during 00:00-05:59, operating on a small-sized aircraft with an MTOW of 5,701-27,000 kg, and flying on the route to/from/over a State of occurrence with a low effective implementation signify the likelihood of an accident occurring. Remarkably, the effective implementation of the State of occurrence was discovered that it has an impact on the number of fatalities, and the level of aircraft damage. As a result, it is the key to mitigating and preventing future mishaps. Considering the improvement of the State of occurrence effective implementation, countermeasures were proposed and classified into 7 dimensions: State legislation, regulations, guidance, and plan; safety management, oversight, and audit; State certification, authorization, and approval; infrastructure and equipment; protocols and procedures; operation and services; and qualification, competency, training of personnel. Ultimately, advancing the State’s safety oversight system will lead to the mitigation and prevention of future accidents.
Dosimetric comparison of rapidplan and manually optimized plans for hippocampus avoidance whole brain radiation therapy
Authors:   , Phimolasawakun Laksamon 
Published: September 2023

Nowadays, whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is a good method to cure brain metastases. However, it has been noted that whole-brain radiation therapy could be a cause to neurological toxicity which could damage the hippocampus that is an important part of forming long-term memories. The HA-WBRT is a complicated plan depending on planner skills, the researcher would like to simplify this problem using knowledge-based planning called RapidPlan. The objective of this study was to compare the dosimetric difference of RapidPlan and manually optimized plans for the treatment of HA-WBRT. The RapidPlan model was created for HA-WBRT. The PTV and OARs constraints are followed by RTOG 0933 criteria. Twenty cases were used for creating the RapidPlan model and ten cases were used for comparing RapidPlan and manual plans. The treatment prescription to the whole brain PTV was prescribed to 30 Gy. The results showed the PTV optimization using RapidPlan was more effective than manual plans. With the same D90% of PTV between RapidPlan and manual plans, the D98% of RapidPlan and manual plans were 27.69±0.98 Gy and 25.83±1.86 Gy, respectively. Moreover, RapidPlan showed slightly better in CI and HI of PTV than manual plans. The maximum dose to the hippocampus of RapidPlan and manual plans were 15.66±1.29 Gy and 14.42±1.23 Gy, respectively. The doses between the two optimized types were not significantly different (p>0.05). The D100% of hippocampus of RapidPlan and manual plans were 9.25±0.35 Gy and 8.72±0.55 Gy, respectively. On the other hand, RapidPlan can spare more optic nerves than manual plans while manual plans can spare more lenses than RapidPlan.

In conclusion, HA-WBRT in VMAT technique using RapidPlan and a manual plan was able to maintain the radiation dose within the RTOG 0933 constraint. RapidPlan shows better PTV coverage and presents significantly conforms the dose to the target than manually optimized plans. Although the manual plans performed better than RapidPlan in the hippocampus, it was not a significant different. It can be concluded that the RapidPlan can be used in clinical terms with a slight adjustment for well-optimized plans.
Determination of field output correction factors in elongated small field photon beams
Authors:   , Vimolnoch Mananchaya 
Published: September 2023

IAEA along with AAPM have published a code of practice TRS 483 for small field dosimetry. The field correction output factors of various detectors were introduced to correct detector response changes in relative dosimetry. However, the publication of TRS 483 has focused on symmetry field sizes, the correction factors for elongated small fields are not included in the protocol. The overall objective of this work is to determine the field output correction factor in elongated small field. The correction factors of IBA CC01, Sun nuclear EDGE, and Exradin W2 PSD for 6 MV photon beam were determined using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The ratio of absorbed dose of water and of detectors was calculated using egs_chamber code, both at a depth of 10 cm with 90 cm SSD. The elongated field sizes were 3x2, 2x3, 1.5x4, 4x1.5, 1x6, 6x1, 0.6x10, and 10x0.6 cm2. The phase-space files from a Varian TrueBeamTM were used as a particle source. The calculated correction factors from this study were verified against the experiment. The field output factors (FOF) were measured using the same detectors, field sizes, and linear accelerator machine that were simulated with MC method. The comparison between FOF corrected with our correction factor and from TRS 483 was analyzed using percent standard deviation (%SD). For 3x2, 2x3, 1.5x4, and 4x1.5 cm2, the maximum %SD of uncorrected FOF was 1.1%. The FOF corrected with our correction factors and TRS 483 give the comparable %SD of 0.6%. For extremely elongated field sizes (1x6, 6x1, 0.6x10, and 10x0.6 cm2), the maximum %SD was 7.3% for uncorrected FOF. When our correction factors were applied, this value dropped to 3.8%. In contrast, the corrected FOF with TRS 483 gives the %SD of 6.9%. For IBA CC01 ionization chamber the correction factors were up to 7% for the smallest side of the fields, the most important contribution to the correction factor is volume averaging effect. The correction factors for Edge detector were of the order of -3% for the smallest side of the fields. The W2 PSD the correction factors are within 1% even for extremely elongated fields due to water equivalence characteristics. TRS 483 recommended to determine the for selecting the correction factor when the field is not too elongated with the ratio of Y/X FWHM in the range between 0.7-1.4. Our results show that the range may be extended up to 0.3-2.5 due to the %SD was less than 1% when the FOF was corrected with either our correction factor or TRS 483 for 1.5x4 and 4x1.5 cm2. However, when the field size becomes extremely elongated, the definition of equivalent square small field size ( ) is no longer hold. Then, the correction factor should be determined follow TRS 483.
Attenuation of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and uremia induced gut-leakage by Lactobacillus rhamnosus L34, a probiotic derived from Thai population, in 5/6 nephrectomy model mice; an experimental study
Authors:   , Tungsanga Somkanya 
Published: September 2023

Background: Although pathogenic gut microbiota causes gut leakage, increases translocation of uremic toxins into circulation, and accelerates CKD progression, the local strain of Lactobacillus rhamnosus L34 (L34) might attenuate gut leakage. We explored the effects of L34 on kidney fibrosis and levels of gut-derived uremic toxins (GDUTs) in 5/6-nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) mice.
Methods: At 6 weeks post-5/6 Nx in mice, either L34 (1x106 CFU) or phosphate buffer solution (as 5/6 Nx control) were daily fed for 14 weeks. In vitro, the effects of L34-conditioned media with or without indoxyl sulfate (a representative GDUT) on inflammation and cell integrity (transepithelial electrical resistance; TEER) were assessed in Caco-2 (enterocytes). In parallel, the effects as such on pro-inflammatory cytokines and collagen expression were assessed in HK2 proximal tubular cells.
Results: At 20-weeks post-5/6 Nx, L34-treated mice showed significantly lesser renal injuries, as evaluated by i) kidney fibrosis area (p<0.01) with lower serum creatinine and proteinuria, ii) GDUT including trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) (p=0.02) and indoxyl sulfate (p<0.01), and iii) endotoxin (p=0.03) and serum TNF-α (p=0.01), than 5/6 Nx-controls. Fecal-microbiome analysis revealed an increased proportion of Bacteroidetes in 5/6 Nx-controls. After incubation with indoxyl sulfate, Caco-2 enterocytes had higher IL-8, NF-κB expression, and lower TEER value, and HK2 cells demonstrated higher gene expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and collagen (type III and type IV). These indoxyl sulfate-activated parameters were attenuated with L34-conditioned media indicating the protective role of L34 on enterocyte integrity and renal fibrogenesis.
Conclusion: Lactobacillus rhamnosus L34 attenuated uremia-induced systemic inflammation by reducing GDUTs and gut-leakage that provided reno-protective effects in CKD.
Effect of remaining dentin thickness and primer application technique on microtensile bond strength
Authors:   , Somrit Paphawee 
Published: September 2023

To evaluate the effect of primer application techniques, type of adhesives and remaining dentin thicknesses on microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of 4 different adhesive systems, 112 Flat occlusal surfaces of sound third molar were randomly allocated into 16 groups based on 2 remaining dentin thicknesses (RDT), 2 application techniques and 3 adhesive systems, e.g., Three step etch-and-rinse (Optibond FL; OFL), Two step self-etch (Clearfil SE Bond; CSE), and Universal adhesive (Single Bond Universal; SB). SB was applied in either etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etch (SE) mode. Simulated pulpal pressure was performed during bonding procedure and 6-month water storage (37 oC). After resin composite buildup and water storage, stick-shaped specimens from each tooth underwent µTBS testing. Statistical analysis was performed with three-way ANOVA test and Tukey Post Hoc test. The fractured specimens were evaluated for mode of failure using a stereomicroscope. The fracture sufaces of each group were also observed using SEM. The mean µTBS values were significantly affected by RDT, application technique, and types of adhesive. Neither RDT nor primer application technique affected µTBS of SB in ER mode whereas application technique affected both conventional and universal self-etch adhesive. RDT also influenced µTBS of OFL. The RDT and application technique differently affects the µTBS of dentin bonding which is product-related. Etch-and-rinse systems had higher bond strength to superficial dentin than to deep dentin whereas self-etch systems were more sensitive to both RDT and application technique. The universal adhesive should be use following the manufacturer's recommendations when apply on either superficial or deep dentin.
Effect of Shear force on immunosuppressive property of human periodontal ligament cells
Authors:   , Suwittayarak Ravipha 
Published: September 2023

The immunomodulatory property is to regulate immune cell function. IDO and TGF-β1 inhibited T cell proliferation and induced regulatory T (Treg) cells differentiation. However, this property must be activated by inflammation. Recently, mechanical forces have also activated this property. Hence, this study investigated effect of shear stress on immunosuppressive property of hPDL cells. Cells were subjected to shear stress then expression of IDO, TGF-β1, IFN-gamma and COX2 mRNA and protein was examined by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and IDO activity. Conditioned media derived shear stress were treated with CD4+ T cells. The proliferative T cell effect was determined using resazurin. The FOXP3, IL-10, and CD4+CD25hiCD127lo/- were tested using qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. Our result showed the IDO-dependent kynurenine and TGF-β1 were increased under shear stress. The addition of ERK inhibitor, or cycloheximide inhibited shear stress-induced kynurenine. Shear stress-derived conditioned medium (SS-CM) inhibited T cell proliferation. Also, SS-CM enhanced FOXP3 and IL-10 mRNA and increased Treg cells. In conclusion, shear stress enhances immunosuppressive property of hPDL cells, thereby inhibit T cells proliferation and promote Treg cell differentiation. The potential of shear force in regulating immunosuppressive property may possibly be applied in periodontitis to regulate inflammation and trigger tissue regeneration.
Cellular responses of stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth towards different concentration of calcium ion
Authors:   , Phlinyos Thanika 
Published: September 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Ca2+ on proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and migration of stem cells from human exfoliated teeth (SHEDs) in vitro Materials and methods: SHEDs were seeded in culture media and osteogenic induction media containing 1.8-16.2 mM of Ca2+. SHEDs proliferation was determined using MTT assay and colony forming unit assay. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated using mineralization assay and osteogenic marker gene expression and cell migration was evaluated using wound healing assay. Values were expressed as mean + S.D. Statistical analysis of MTT assay and wound healing assay were performed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s range test. Other assays were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: Different Ca2+ concentration did not affect cell proliferation and colony forming unit. While, osteocalcin, an osteogenic marker gene, was significantly increased at day 7 in 9.0 and 12.6 mM group (p<0.05). The result was also consistent with alizarin red and Von kossa staining, which had the most staining in 9.0 mM group. However, higher Ca2+ concentration inhibited SHEDs migration at 24 hours compared to control (1.8 mM). Conclusion: Ca2+ concentration between 1.8 and 16.2 mM did not have any effects on proliferation and colony forming unit. On the other hand, higher Ca2+ seemed to induce late stage osteogenic differentiation and mineralization, but migration was inhibited.
Antioxidant activity of thunbergia laurifolia lindl. Ethanolic extract in keratinocytes
Authors:   , Jirabanjerdsiri Buakotchaphan 
Published: September 2023

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can cause skin damage through the induction of oxidative stress in epidermis. Antioxidants help counteract with cellular oxidant species and maintain cell homeostasis. This study aims to examine the protective effect of Thunbergia laurifolia lindl. ethanolic extract on PM2.5-mediated oxidative stress in epidermal keratinocytes. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection was conducted for quantitative analysis of rosmarinic acid content in the extract. Cell viability was detected by the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide assay. Intracellular ROS was monitored using 2’,7’-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. Proteins related to p62-Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway were examined by western blot analysis. Expressions of Nrf2 and p62 were further determined by immunofluorescence. PM2.5 treatment at non-cytotoxic concentration could remarkably induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production within 6 h. The co-treatment of the extract and PM2.5 for 6 h dramatically inhibited excess ROS production induced by PM2.5. In addition, the extract enhanced cellular defense of keratinocytes, by increasing the levels of p62, Nrf2 and SOD1 proteins. The extract stabilizes Nrf2 and p62 expressions, while suppresses Keap1 expression. The T. laurifolia extract is promising natural antioxidants against oxidative stress induced by PM2.5 in keratinocytes.
Effect of pongol methyl ether on cancer stem cell phenotypes in human non-small cell lung cancer cells
Authors:   , Silapech Arnon 
Published: September 2023

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are an important therapeutic target. The therapeutic agents targeting CSCs should lead to improved clinical outcomes. This study demonstrated the CSC suppressing activity of pongol methyl ether (PME), a pure compound from Millettia erythrocalyx Gagnep. CSC-suppressing effects were evaluated by colony formation assay, anchorage independent growth assay, spheroid formation assay and detection of CSC markers. The related CSC cell signals were evaluated by Western blot, immunofluorescence and molecular docking analysis. Proteins affected by PME treatment were subjected to bioinformatic analysis. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed by the Search Tool for Interactions of Chemicals (STITCH). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) mapper were used to confirm the underlying pathways. The non-toxic concentrations of PME (5–25 µM) significantly suppressed the ability of lung cancer cells to form colonies, grow in an anchorage-independent manner and generate tumor spheroids. PME at 25 µM significantly decreased the CSC markers (CD133 and ALDH1A1) and pluripotent transcription factors (Oct4 and Nanog). Akt, the key upstream signal of CSC control, was significantly decreased by the PME treatment. The molecular docking indicated that PME was bound to Akt-1 with a binding affinity of -9.2 kcal/mol greater than the Akt-1 inhibitor (reference compound; CQW). The STITCH network identified a total of 15 proteins interacted in PPI networks, and Akt-1 was identified as a central protein. The KEGG mapper indicated that the selected CSC markers were mostly involved in the ‘signalling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells’ pathway map and Akt, Oct4 and Nanog were the regulatory proteins in the dominant pathway. In addition, PME (10–25 µM) can suppress spheroid formation and reduce CSC-specific marker expression in patient-derived primary lung cancer cells. This study revealed a novel pharmacological effect and the underlying physiological mechanism of PME that can attenuate CSC phenotypes in human lung cancer cells and may be developed for lung cancer therapy.
Antifungal, physical, and mechanical properties of tissue conditioner incorporated with zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors:   , Homsiang Woraporn 
Published: September 2023

This study evaluated the antifungal, physical, and mechanical properties of tissue conditioner incorporated with different amounts of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnOnps) at different storage times (0, 7, and 14 days). Specimens of 0, 5, 10, 15 wt% ZnOnps, or 15 wt% nystatin incorporated into tissue conditioner were fabricated. The direct contact test (n=6) was performed to evaluate the antifungal effect against C. albicans suspension. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (n=6) were used to observe the amount and distribution of superficial zinc element. The penetration depth (n=6) and tensile bond strength (n=8) were evaluated following ISO 13139. The 15Zn group demonstrated a significantly reduced C. albicans cell number compared with the control group at all storage times (p<0.001). The Nys group had the greatest reduction in C. albicans cell number only at day 0. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the amount of superficial zinc element and the number of C. albicans cells showed a significant negative linear correlation (r=-0.78, p<0.001). The penetration depths and tensile bond strengths of the 5Zn, 10Zn, 15Zn, and Nys were not significantly different compared with control at all storage times (p>0.05). In conclusion, the 15Zn provides antifungal effect up to 14 days without adverse effects on penetration depth and tensile bond strength.