bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to Care in Juvenile Localized and Systemic Scleroderma: An Exploratory Survey Study of Caregivers’ Perspectives
Authors: Stubbs Leigh Anna , Ferry Andrew , Guffey Danielle , Loccke Christina , Wade Erin Moriarty , Pour Pamela , Ardalan Kaveh , Chira Peter , Ganske Ingrid M. , Glaser Daniel , Higgins Gloria C , Luca Nadia , Moore Katharine F , Sivaraman Vidya , Stewart Katie , Vasquez-Canizares Natalia , Hunt Raegan D. , Maricevich Renata S. , Torok Kathryn S. , Li Suzanne C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground:Juvenile localized scleroderma (LS) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) are rare pediatric conditions often associated with severe morbidities. Delays in diagnosis are common, increasing the risk for permanent damage and worse outcomes. This study explored caregiver perspectives on barriers they encountered while navigating diagnosis and care for their child’s scleroderma.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,caregivers of juvenile LS or SSc patients were recruited from a virtual family scleroderma educational conference and a juvenile scleroderma online interest group. The survey queried respondents about their child’s condition and factors affecting diagnosis and treatment.Results:The response rate was 61% (73/120), with 38 parents of LS patients and 31 parents of SSc patients. Most patients were female (80%) and over half were non-Hispanic white (55%). Most families had at least one person with a college education or higher (87%), traveled<2 hours to see their doctor (83%), and had private insurance (75%). Almost half had an annual household income>$100,000 (46%). Families identified the following factors as barriers to care: lack of knowledge about scleroderma in the medical community, finding reliable information about pediatric scleroderma, long wait times for a rheumatology/specialist appointment, balance of school/work and child’s healthcare needs, medication side effects, and identifying effective medications. The barrier most identified as a major problem was the lack of knowledge about juvenile scleroderma in the medical community. Diagnosis and systemic treatment initiation occurred at greater than one year from initial presentation for approximately 28% and 36% of patients, respectively.Conclusion:Caregivers of children with LS or SSc reported numerous common barriers to the diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing care of juvenile scleroderma. The major problem highlighted was the lack of knowledge of scleroderma within the general medical community. Given that most of the caregiver respondents to the survey had relatively high socioeconomic status, additional studies are needed to reach a broader audience, including caregivers with limited English proficiency, geographical limitations, and financial constraints, to determine if the identified problems are generalizable. Identifying key care barriers will help direct efforts to address needs, reduce disparities in care, and improve patient outcomes.
BMI, waist circumferences and urinary incontinence in older women compared with older men: findings from three prospective longitudinal cohort studies
Authors: Chen Xiyin , Jiang Shaoxiang , Yao Yao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Obesity and urinary incontinence (UI) among older people, particularly older men, are yet to be fully explored. Utilising multiple nationwide prospective longitudinal cohorts representative of the US, UK, and European samples, we examined the association of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with UI among both older women and men.
Methods
We derived the data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, 2010-2018), the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA, 2011-2019), and the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE, 2004-2010) that surveyed UI. Participants were asked if they had experienced urine leakage within the past 12 months (HRS and ELSA) or within the past six months (SHARE). The measure of obesity was based on BMI and WC. We employed a random-effect logistic model to associate BMI and WC with UI, adjusting for covariates including age, race, education, residence area, marital status, number of children, smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, stroke, functional ability, and cognitive impairment. We visualised the associations by using restricted cubic spline curves.
Findings
A total of 200,717 participants with 718,822 observations (207,805 in HRS; 98,158 in ELSA; 412,859 in SHARE) were included in the baseline analysis. The 12-months prevalence of UI among female and male participants were 15.6% and 6.6% in the HRS, 10.6% and 4.4% in the ELSA. The 6-months prevalence of UI were 2.8% and 1.4% in the SHARE’s female and male participants. Compared to those without UI, both female and male participants with UI demonstrated a higher BMI and WC. Among females, the fully adjusted models showed linear associations between BMI, WC, and UI (Ps<0.001) in three cohorts. However, we observed U-shaped associations of BMI, WC with UI among males. The lowest likelihood of having UI was found among male participants with a BMI between 24 and 35 kg/m2.
Interpretation
Findings from our study revealed that the associations of obesity indices with UI varied among older men compared to older women. As a result, weight loss interventions could be applied to older women rather than older men as a means of treating UI. Interventions aimed at preventing UI among older adults must take sex into account.
ADAR1 drives stemness of leukemia initiating cells in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia via attenuating immunogenic dsRNA sensing
Authors: Pham Jessica , Isquith Jane , Rivera Maria , Zhang Haoran , Zhou Qingchem , Sasik Roman , Mark Adam , Ma Wenxue , Holm Frida , Fisch Kathleen , Kuo Dennis , Jamieson Catriona , Jiang Qingfei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Leukemia initiating cells (LICs) are regarded as the origin of leukemia relapse and therapeutic resistance. Since T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) LICs share many of the same features as normal T-cell precursors, identifying direct stemness determinants is critical for developing targeted approaches to eliminate LICs while sparing normal thymopoiesis. Here, we show that activation of the RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 is a crucial stemness factor that promotes LIC self-renewal by attenuating aberrant interferon signaling. Mechanistically, ADAR1 directs adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) hyper-editing of immunogenic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and retains unedited nuclear dsRNA to avoid detection by the innate immune sensor MDA5. Moreover, dynamic activation of ADAR1 orchestrates early T-cell progenitor lineage commitment from hematopoietic stem cells. However, the gene regulatory program diverges significantly between normal and malignant cellular backgrounds. ADAR1 suppresses interferon stimulated genes in T-cell progenitors while promotes self-renewal gene program in T-ALL LICs. Inhibition of MATR3, a T-ALL LIC specific ADAR1 target, impairs leukemia growth and induces apoptosis. These results suggest that modulation of ADAR1 downstream targets present safe and effective therapeutic strategies for T-ALL LICs.
The Implementation Playbook: study protocol for the development and feasibility evaluation of a digital tool for effective implementation of evidence-based innovations
Authors: Barwick Melanie , Brown Jacquie , Petricca Kadia , Stevens Bonnie , Powell Byron , Jaouich Alexia , Shakespeare Jill , Seto Emily 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Evidence-based innovations can improve health outcomes, but only if successfully implemented. Implementation can be complex, highly susceptible to failure, costly and resource intensive. Internationally, there is an urgent need to improve the implementation of effective innovations. Successful implementation is best guided by implementation science, but organizations lack implementation know-how and have difficulty applying it. Implementation support is typically shared in static, non-interactive, overly academic guides and is rarely evaluated. In-person implementation facilitation is often soft-funded, costly, and scarce. This study seeks to improve effective implementation by (1) developing a first-in-kind digital tool to guide pragmatic, empirically based and self-directed implementation planning in real-time; and (2) exploring the tool’s feasibility in six health organizations implementing different innovations.
Methods
Ideation emerged from a paper-based resource, The Implementation Game©, and a revision called The Implementation Roadmap©; both integrate core implementation components from evidence, models and frameworks to guide structured, explicit, and pragmatic planning. Prior funding also generated user personas and high-level product requirements. This study will design, develop, and evaluate the feasibility of a digital tool called The Implementation Playbook©. In Phase 1, user-centred design and usability testing will inform tool content, visual interface, and functions to produce a minimum viable product. Phase 2 will explore the Playbook’s feasibility in six purposefully selected health organizations sampled for maximum variation. Organizations will use the Playbook for up to 24 months to implement an innovation of their choosing. Mixed methods will gather: (i) field notes from implementation team check-in meetings; (ii) interviews with implementation teams about their experience using the tool; (iii) user free-form content entered into the tool as teams work through implementation planning; (iv) Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change questionnaire; (v) System Usability Scale; and (vi) tool metrics on how users progressed through activities and the time required to do so.
Discussion
Effective implementation of evidence-based innovations is essential for optimal health. We seek to develop a prototype digital tool and demonstrate its feasibility and usefulness across organizations implementing different innovations. This technology could fill a significant need globally, be highly scalable, and potentially valid for diverse organizations implementing various innovations.
A rare case of severe leptospirosis infection presenting as septic shock in a non-epidemic area: A case report and literature review
Authors: Dai Junjie , Yao Can , Ling Huaxiang , Li Binbin , Chen Rongchang , Shi Fei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by the spirochete Leptospira interrogans. The clinical presentations of leptospirosis range from an influenza-like presentation of fever and myalgia, to severe forms. Leptospirosis can potentially lead to a misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis when clinical similarities exist.

Case presentation

A 63-year-old man presented with fever, shock and thrombocytopenia followed by diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage. Peripheral blood Metagenomic Next-generation Sequencing (mNGS) reported Leptospira interrogans. The patient was treated with piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) plus doxycycline and improved dramatically after 7 days.

Conclusion

We conclude that leptospirosis can potentially lead to a misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis. Correctly evaluation of thrombocytopenia in acute febrile illnesses facilitates the differential diagnosis of leptospirosis. mNGS can accurately detect Leptospira DNA during the early stage of the infection
Genome-wide assessment and mapping of inbreeding depression identifies candidate genes associated with semen traits in Holstein bulls
Authors: Ghoreishifar Mohammad , Vahedi Seyed Milad , Ardestani Siavash Salek , Khansefid Majid , Pryce Jennie E. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The reduction in phenotypic performance of a population due to mating between close relatives is called inbreeding depression. The genetic background of inbreeding depression for semen traits is poorly understood. Thus, the objectives were to estimate the effect of inbreeding and to identify genomic regions underlying inbreeding depression of semen traits including ejaculate volume (EV), sperm concentration (SC), and sperm motility (SM). The dataset comprised ~ 330K semen records from ~ 1.5K Holstein bulls genotyped with 50K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) BeadChip. Genomic inbreeding coefficients were estimated using runs of homozygosity (i.e., FROH > 1 Mb) and excess of SNP homozygosity (FSNP). The effect of inbreeding was estimated by regressing phenotypes of semen traits on inbreeding coefficients. Associated variants with inbreeding depression were also detected by regressing phenotypes on ROH state of the variants.
Results
Significant inbreeding depression was observed for SC and SM (p < 0.01). A 1% increase in FROH reduced SM and SC by 0.28% and 0.42% of the population mean, respectively. By splitting FROH into different lengths, we found significant reduction in SC and SM due to longer ROH, which is indicative of more recent inbreeding. A genome-wide association study revealed two signals positioned on BTA 8 associated with inbreeding depression of SC (p < 0.00001; FDR < 0.02). Three candidate genes of GALNTL6, HMGB2, and ADAM29, located in these regions, have established and conserved connections with reproduction and/or male fertility. Moreover, six genomic regions on BTA 3, 9, 21 and 28 were associated with SM (p < 0.0001; FDR < 0.08). These genomic regions contained genes including PRMT6, SCAPER, EDC3, and LIN28B with established connections to spermatogenesis or fertility.
Conclusions
Inbreeding depression adversely affects SC and SM, with evidence that longer ROH, or more recent inbreeding, being especially detrimental. There are genomic regions associated with semen traits that seems to be especially sensitive to homozygosity, and evidence to support some from other studies. Breeding companies may wish to consider avoiding homozygosity in these regions for potential artificial insemination sires.
Spatial Income Inequality
Authors: Schluter Christian , Trede Mark 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Income inequality in Germany has increased dramatically. Measuring inequality locally at the level of cities annually since 1985, we find that behind this development is the rapidly worsening inequality in the largest cities, driven by increasing income polarisation. In the cross-section, local income inequality rises substantially in city size, and this city-size inequality penalty has increased steadily since1985, reaching an elasticity of .2 in 2010. Inequality decompositions reveal that overall income inequality is almost fully explained by the within-locations component, which in turn is driven by the largest cities. The worsening inequality in the largest cities is amplified by their greater population weight. Examining the local income distributions directly reveals that this is due to increasing income polarisation that is strongest in the largest places. Both upper and lower distributional tails become heavier over time, and are the heaviest in the largest cities. We establish these results using a large and spatially representative administrative data set, and address the top-coding problem in these data using a parametric distribution approach that outperforms standard imputations.
JEL Codes: D31 , D63 , J31 , R23
Effect of yeast extract on microbiologically influenced corrosion of X70 pipeline steel by SRB
Authors: Guan Fang , Pei Yingying , Duan Jizhou , Zhang Yimeng , Zhang Ruiyong , Zhai Xiaofan , Hou Baorong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is a complex process involving interactions between microorganisms, materials and surrounding environment. Yeast extract (YE) is a routinely added nutritional ingredient in many kinds of microbial culture media. However, the effect of YE on MIC was not clear. In this work, the corrosion behaviors of X70 pipeline steel in the sulfate reducing bacterial (SRB) Desulfovibrio bizertensis SY-1 inoculated media with or without YE were studied. The results showed that the weight loss of coupons in sterile media increased twofold after removing YE from culture media (P = 0.04). While in the SRB culture medium, removing YE decreased the planktonic bacteria number, but significantly promoted the attachment of bacteria on steel surfaces. Besides, the corrosion rate of steel in SRB media without YE was four times higher than with YE (P = 0.003). MIC was not determined by the planktonic SRB cells but the attached biofilm. The results identified effect of YE on D. bizertensis SY-1 growth and confirmed the inhibition role of YE in MIC induced by SRB.
Serological diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis in Kenya and Tanzania
Authors: Laboso Judy , Kihurani David , Kimeli Peter , Shah Dhaval 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Canine ehrlichiosis is an important tick-borne disease caused by bacteria in the genus Ehrlichia with species such as E. canis, E. ewingii and E. chaffeensis resulting in a serious illness in dogs. This study determined the occurrence of canine ehrlichiosis and its associated factors in Kenya and Tanzania. This was a retrospective study that evaluated laboratory records of 400 samples from Kenya and Tanzania submitted to Pathologists Lancet Kenya for the IDEXX SNAP 4Dx™ Plus test between the years 2016 to 2021. Records of all samples submitted to the Pathologists Lancet Kenya veterinary laboratory for the test, were retrieved, examined, and compiled. Descriptive statistics, univariable and multivariable logistic regression were considered during analysis. The overall proportion of samples that tested positive for canine ehrlichiosis was 23% (92/400). Samples from Kenya accounted for 61% (245/400) of samples and the percent positive was 31% (29/245). The samples from Tanzania accounted for 39% (155/400) and the percent positive was 69% (63/155). In the final model, the odds of a sample testing positive was 1.7 times for those submitted in July to December compared with those submitted in January to June. Blood samples of dogs from Tanzania had 5.31 times the odds to test positive on SNAP test when compared with those from Kenya. This study reports high percent positive in samples originating from Tanzania and those received during the second half of the year.
The correlation of nuclear density using the Lens Opacity Classification System III with Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging for predicting phacoemulsification parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mirzaei Mohammad , Bahramani Erfan , Jafarizadeh Ali , Alinezhad Farbod , Vahed Nafiseh , Fereshteh Farhadi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction: In this study, we systematically reviewed the literature to determine whether or not there was a correlation between lens density as measured by the Pentacam Scheimpflug System and grading score as determined by the Lens Opacities Classification System (LOCS) III in patients with age-related nuclear cataract.
Methods: From 1990 to 2022, a systematic search was conducted in Medline (Ovid, PubMed), Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and The Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis was performed for all observational studies that met the inclusion criteria. To assess the quality of cross-sectional and prospective studies, the JBI Checklist was used. To calculate the effect size for nuclear color (NC) and nuclear opalescence (NO), we used R programming software. In addition, we used Influence analysis to identify outliers and created forest plots with and without the detected outliers.
Results: Among eight studies included in this systematic review, 965 patients with 1102 eyes were assessed with a mean age of 66.23 old years. The nuclear color and density were assessed in 4 and 6 studies, respectively. The odds ratio (OR) of the effect size was 0.72 with a 95% confidence interval (0.68, 0.76) for nuclear color, and the OR of the effect size was 0.94 with a 95% confidence interval (0.94, 0.95) for nuclear density both statistically significant.
Conclusion: The Pentacam technique allowed for quantitative cataract grading and may aid in phacodynamics prediction during cataract surgery. The method is useful for detecting cataracts in patients and has broad potential in the field of health examination.
North Carolina Coastal Plain ditch types support distinct hydrophytic communities
Authors: Clifford Chelsea Connair , Heffernan James Brendan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The drainage ditches of the North Carolina Coastal Plain retain some ecological structural characteristics of the wetlands they often replace. We surveyed 32 agricultural, freeway, and forested ditch reaches across this region for hydrologic indicators, soil organic matter, and plants. All showed at least some hydrologic indicators and had soil organic matter, especially swampy forests. Twenty-nine of 32 had hydrophytic herbaceous plant assemblages according to US Army Corps of Engineers wetland delineation standards. These herbaceous assemblages differed significantly across site types, and responded to both landscape level factors, like nearby development coverage, and local level factors, like apparent mowing. The US National Hydrography Dataset and the National Wetlands Inventory did not include most sample sites, and mischaracterized most they did include as natural waterbodies. Despite limited information about extent of these ditches, high variability and apparent management impact suggest that human potential to design wetland structure of these manmade aquatic ecosystems throughout the North Carolina Coastal Plain, and beyond, could be large.
Ontology Extension with NLP-based Concept Extraction for Domain Experts in Catalytic Sciences
Authors: Behr Alexander S. , Völkenrath Marc , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ontologies store semantic knowledge in a machine-readable way and represent domain knowledge in controlled vocabulary. In this work, a workflow is set up to derive classes from a text dataset using natural language processing (NLP) methods. Furthermore, ontologies and thesauri are browsed for those classes and corresponding existing textual definitions are extracted. A base ontology is selected to be extended with knowledge from catalysis science, while word similarity is used to introduce new classes to the ontology based on the class candidates. Relations are introduced to automatically reference them to already existing classes in the selected ontology. The workflow is conducted for a text dataset related to catalysis research on methanation of CO2 and seven semantic artifacts assisting ontology extension by domain experts. Undefined concepts and unstructured relations can be more easily introduced automatically into existing ontologies. Domain experts can then revise the resulting extended ontology by choosing the best fitting definition of a class and specifying suggested relations between concepts of catalyst research. A structured extension of ontologies supported by NLP methods is made possible to facilitate a Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable (FAIR) data management workflow.