bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fundamental Group of Soft Homotopy Classes of Unit Circle and Its Application
Authors: Nazmul Sk , Biswas Golam 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this communication, we aimed to construct a non-trivial fundamental group of soft homotopy classes and to find out its application. To achieve this, firstly we have defined soft exponential mappings, soft lift of a continuous soft mapping. Moreover, the relationship among some important properties such as soft path lifting property, soft homotopy lifting property, etc. is discussed. We also constructed the fundamental group of soft homotopy classes of unit circle, S1. Finally, applying the above concepts, a proof of Brouwer’s fixed point theorem is established in soft set setting.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 14H30, 14H99, 20F34, 06D72, 55Q99.
Microdosimetric study of 177Lu and 225Ac combination therapy for mCRPC coupled with the mesh-type cell cluster model
Authors: Wang Yidi , Du ChuanSheng , Gao Han , Kong XiangHui , Xue HuiYuan , Zhang WenYue , Yin YuChen , Wu Tao , Yu YaJing , Tu Yu , Sun Liang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Both 177Lu and 225Ac are suitable for radio-ligand therapy (RLT) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) as tumor-targeted radio-ligands when labeled with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). However, their microdosimetric distribution in prostate cancer tissue can differ, leading to varying therapeutic outcomes.
Methods
In this study, a three-dimensional mesh-type cell cluster model was constructed using realistic tomography images of a prostate cancer cell line to investigate the combination ratio of two nuclides for combination therapy of mCRPC, and the specific energy distributions of cell nucleus and the macroscopic dose levels resulting from varying activities of 177Lu and 225Ac were compared using Geant4 simulations. Various factors were taken into account such as the source region (cell surface, cytoplasm, and nucleus), the activity range (104-1.2×105 Bq for 225Ac and 6×106-1.2×108 Bq for 177Lu), and the cellular model type (concentric sphere simple geometry-type model and mesh-type model). A link was established between tumor control probability (TCP) and several parameters, like radionuclide activities, cell nucleus specific energy distributions, and average doses of the cell cluster.
Results
Despite having a similar average nucleus absorbed dose within the cluster, 225Ac exhibited a more dispersed nucleus-specific energy distribution, indicating a higher degree of dispersion than 177Lu. In order to achieve a therapeutic effect of 90% TCP, it is crucial that the cell nucleus absorbs an adequate dose of radiation, while considering the proportion of PSMA internalization in each compartment of the cell. The required activity of 177Lu was approximately 417 times that of 225Ac to reach the same effect. A certain amount of 225Ac can be mixed into 177Lu for combination therapy to increase TCP and minimize the dose inhomogeneity. For example, 4.6×104 Bq and 5.8×104 Bq of 225Ac can be mixed into 5×106 Bq of 177Lu to achieve TCPs of 90% and 98%, respectively.
Conclusion
A microdosimetric simulation was performed coupled with the realistic mesh-type cell cluster model, and the microdosimetric distribution characteristics of 177Lu and 225Ac in the prostate cancer cell clusters were evaluated in this work. The outcome of combination therapy for 177Lu and 225Ac was predicted, which can serve a dose reference for clinical therapy of mCRPC.
Photodegradation of toxic Malachite Green dye by ZnO and ZnO/SiO2 nanocomposites under Solar Radiation –a green practice
Authors: Chatterjee Anindita , Kumar G Kiran , Rajesh T , Saha Abhijit 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
ZnO/SiO2 nanocomposites (NCs) have been prepared and evaluated in decomposing carcinogenic malachite green (MG)) under collected sunlight using parabolic solar collector. ZnO/SiO2 NCs and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV-Visible spectroscopy. XRD provides the structure of ZnO NPs as Hexagonal Wurzite with particle diameters in the range of 14–18 nm and nanocomposites are in the range of 14–19 nm. The average particle size estimated from TEM images was 17 for ZnO NPs and 21 nm for NCs. The band gap energy value is 3.30 eV for NCs, red shifted as compared to bulk ZnO (3.37 eV). BET surface area measurement shows microporous structure and increase in surface area for nanocomposites. Kinetic studies reveal pseudo first order reaction with faster photodecomposition for nanocomposites at optimum catalyst concentration of 0.5 gm/100ml at neutral pH. The maximum photodegradation efficiency reached up to 98.8% for ZnO/SiO2 NCs and 96.8% for ZnO NPs within just 40 minutes under collected sunlight irradiation. We have achieved 40% enhancement in photodegradation efficiency using solar collector as compared to natural sunlight. This study establishes the increase in photodegradation efficiency of ZnO/SiO2 nanocomposites as heterogeneous photocatalyst utilizing collection of solar energy as a renewable resource in a cost effective manner.
Association of extensive RNA disruption with natural killer cell-mediated death of K562 chronic myelogenous leukemia cells
Authors: Pascheto Isabella , Guo Baoqing , Kumar Aseem , Pritzker Laura B. , Parissenti Amadeo Mark 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Extensive degradation of tumour 28S and 18S ribosomal RNAs, coupled with the accumulation of ribosomal RNA degradation products, is associated with pathologic complete response and improved disease-free-survival in breast cancer patients. Various chemotherapy agents and cellular stressors are known to trigger this process, termed ‘RNA disruption’, in tumour cells. However, it’s unclear whether immunotherapies, with or without chemotherapy administration, also trigger RNA disruption. To address this question, we assessed the ability of natural killer (NK) cells to induce RNA disruption and cell death in K562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells in vitro. We found that NK cells strongly stimulated RNA disruption, cytotoxicity (loss of plasma membrane integrity) and cell death (generation of cells with a subG1 DNA content) in K562 cells. Pre-activation of NK cells with interleukin-2 or pre-treatment of K562 cells with the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin augmented RNA disruption in K562 cells. RNA degradation patterns looked very similar between NK cell-treated and doxorubicin-treated K562 cells. Our observations suggest that RNA disruption is strongly associated with cell death irrespective of the death-inducing stimulus and raise the prospect that tumour RNA disruption may be a useful biomarker for quantifying cancer patients’ response to immunotherapies, with or without co-administration of chemotherapy drugs.
The effect of printing parameters on crushing behavior of 3D printed Nylon and CF/Nylon samples using Powder Bed Fusion and Material Extrusion techniques
Authors: hanna mina adel , Habib Sameh , Abdelghany Khaled , Mahmoud Tamer Samir 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
3D printing techniques are becoming more common within several industrial fields due to their many benefits. These benefits include customized properties of final products, design independence, demand-driven manufacturing, waste alleviation, and the ability to produce complex parts, as well as fast prototyping. Parts manufactured using the powder bed fusion or material extrusion process are achievable by various building parameters. In this investigation, a comprehensive study was undertaken to clarify the variation in the compressive and impact strength of SLS prepared Nylon Polyamide and FDM prepared Nylon/CF parts at different building parameters. Significant methodological parameters were studied: infill patterns/layer layouts (triangular and rectilinear), wall thickness (1.2, 3.6, 6) and infilled density (70, 85 and 100%), utilizing material extrusion and powder bed fusion 3D printing machines. The Central Composite Face-centered (CCF)method was applied to design an optimal number of experiments. Experimental results demonstrated that Nylon Polyamide and Nylon/CF samples present slightly different crashing patterns and mechanical behaviors when tested for compression and impact. Compression characteristics of all tested samples are a progressive folding and lateral shearing failures amalgamation. Rectilinear samples are mechanically weaker than Triangle samples.
All-printed thin film transistor with a solution-based Indium- Gallium-Zinc-Oxide semiconductor and printed Ag electrodes via intense pulsed light annealing
Authors: Moon Chang-Jin , Park Jong-Whi , Jang Yong-Rae , Kim Hak-Sung 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this study, an intense pulsed light (IPL) annealing process for a printed multi-layered indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) and silver (Ag) electrode structure was developed for a high performance all-printed inorganic thin film transistor (TFT). Through a solution process using IGZO precursor and Ag ink, the bottom gate structure TFT was fabricated. The spin coating method was used to form the IGZO semiconductor layer on a heavily-doped silicon wafer covered with thermally grown silicon dioxide. The annealing process of the IGZO layer utilized an optimized IPL irradiation process. The Ag inks were printed on the IGZO layer by screen printing to form the source and drain (S/D) pattern. This S/D pattern was dried by near infrared radiation (NIR) and the dried S/D pattern was sintered with intense pulsed light by varying the irradiation energy. The performances of the all-printed TFT such as the field effect mobility and on-off ratio electrical transfer properties were measured by a parameter analyzer. The interfacial analysis including the contact resistance and cross-sectional microstructure analysis is essential because diffusion phenomenon can occur during the annealing and sintering process. Consequently, this TFT device showed noteworthy performance (field effect mobility: 7.96 cm2/V·s, on/off ratio: 107). This is similar performance compared to a conventional TFT, which is expected to open a new path in the printed metal oxide-based TFT field.
The impacts of winter snow cover of central Asia on the northeastern China cold vortex in succeeding spring
Authors: Lu Chuhan , Kong Yang , Li Kaili , Cai Jiaxi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
During the boreal spring, extratropical cyclones in East Asia exhibit the highest frequency of occurrence in northeastern China. These cyclones are characterized by a distinct cold core, which is commonly referred to as the northeastern China cold vortex (NCCV), and most of NCCV events are usually accompanied by complex and hazardous weather, significantly impacting the regional climate in northeastern China. In this study, an automatic algorithm was employed to identify spring NCCVs from 1979 to 2013 using ERA-Interim reanalysis dataset, and a notable annual periodicity of 3–4 years was observed based on the defined spring NCCV intensity index (NCCVI). Through the analysis of anomalous strong/weak NCCVI years, it was found that the consistent heating (cooling) in the middle and lower troposphere of central Asia (northeastern China), along with a corresponding negative anomaly of geopotential height, as well as the enhanced cyclonic circulation in northeastern China, all contribute to the intensification and maintenance of NCCV activities. Furthermore, the winter snow cover in central Asia plays a vital role in local atmospheric heating and is associated with anomalous quasi-stationary Rossby waves that propagate eastward into northeastern China. The thermal forcing, caused by preceding (DJF) snow cover anomalies of central Asia, and associated anomalous Rossby wave trains was also replicated well by snow cover anomalies driven sensitive experiment.
Proportion of angle closure glaucoma in Tamale, Ghana
Authors: Liu Catherine , Ali Omair , Murdoch Ian , Simon Judith 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background/Objectives: Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. In Africa, glaucoma is an established public health problem, and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is not commonly discussed. Recognizing it is important because of its negative impact on visual morbidity, and also because its treatment is different from primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). In response to the observation of many PACG cases at the Northern Community Eye Hospital in Tamale, Ghana, we investigated the proportion of those attending with a first diagnosis of glaucoma who had PACG.
Subjects/Methods: Using the electronic records, we identified 976 patients who attended with a first diagnosis of glaucoma between January 2021 and October 2022. Of these, 588 met the inclusion criterion of a clear glaucoma subtype diagnosis.
Results: Of these 316 (53.7%) had POAG, 210 (35.7%) PACG, and 62 (10.5%) secondary glaucoma. Thus, over a third of presenting glaucomas had PACG.
Conclusion: This highlights that PACG is present in a large proportion of our African population. Our study demonstrates the importance of a clear diagnostic pathway including gonioscopy in the assessment of glaucoma patients and the consideration of wider training on angle closure glaucoma diagnosis and management.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ultra-Soft Tissue-Equivalent Alginate Hydrogels
Authors: Li Xiangpeng , Gou Jihua , Ilegbusi Olusegun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Alginate hydrogels have properties that are similar to extra cellular matrix (ECM). Thus, their mechanical behavior approximates soft tissue, which makes them desirable for production of tissue-equivalent soft deformable structures. This study aims to determine the synthesis-structure-property relationship for alginate hydrogel with the Young’s modulus in the range of 100~101 kPa, equivalent to that of human lung tissue. Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymers with 3D network. Homogeneous alginate hydrogels are synthesized by direct mixture of sodium alginate and CaCO3, followed by the addition of D-glucono-δ-lactone (GDL) to initiate in-situ Ca2+ release and gelation. The influence of alginate concentration and molar ratio of the constituent calcium ion to carboxyl group from alginate monomer are evaluated while the Young's modulus of the hydrogel is carefully controlled within the desired range. FTIR and SEM are used to characterize the influence of synthesis parameters at the molecular and microstructure levels. Tension and compression testing are performed to determine the Young's modulus of the material. Empirical relations are established between synthesis parameters and the mechanical property. The result of the study will be subsequently used to guide the additive manufacturing of soft deformable structures based on alginate hydrogels.
Comparison of McGrath video laryngoscope versus Macintosh laryngoscope in tracheal intubation: An updated systematic review
Authors: Sansone Pasquale , Giaccari Luca Gregorio , Bonomo Antonio , Gargano Francesca , Aurilio Caterina , Coppolino Francesco , Passavanti Maria Beatrice , Pota Vincenzo , Pace Maria Caterina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the last few years, many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have compared direct Macintosh laryngoscopy with McGrath video laryngoscopy in order to assess the potential benefits of this last; the results were sometimes controversial. We performed a systematic review to compare the effectiveness between the McGrath video laryngoscope and the Macintosh laryngoscope for tracheal intubation in an adult population.
We conducted a comprehensive literature search to identify our articles in according to inclusion and exclusion criteria: to be included each study had to be a prospective randomized trial or comparison between the McGrath video laryngoscope and the Macintosh laryngoscope in an adult population. We have not included manikin trials and studies involving double-lumen tubes.
10 studies met the inclusion criteria necessary. In total 655 patients were intubated with the McGrath and 629 with the Macintosh; 1268 of 1284 patients were successfully intubated showing equivalent results for the two devices: 648 of 655 patients with the McGrath videolaryngoscope and 620 of 629 patients with the Macintosh laryngoscope. No differences were noted in terms of hemodynamic changes and adverse events incidence.
We can assert that the McGrath video laryngoscope and Macintosh laryngoscope, even if with equivalent tracheal intubation results, supplement each other.
Male Partner Involvement in Antenatal Care: Narratives from Key Stakeholders in the Community-Based Health Planning and Services Zones in Northern Ghana
Authors: Anamege Adaeze , Aborigo Raymond Akawire , Kuwolamo Irene , Sakeah Evelyn 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
In Northern Ghana, men are heads and breadwinners of their families and therefore, have a great influence on the health decision-making process. However, maternal health has largely been viewed as a woman’s domain. Male participation in maternal health services such as antenatal care is vital to improve the health outcomes of mothers and children. Traditional beliefs and societal views on gender roles influence men’s willingness to participate in maternal health services. Understanding these views would enable the designing and implementation of male-targeted interventions to increase the rate of male participation in antenatal care. Therefore, this study aimed to explore community members’ knowledge and perceptions of male involvement in antenatal care and the roles of health professionals in encouraging male participation in maternal health services.
Methods
This was a qualitative exploratory study conducted in the Kassena-Nankana Municipality of Northern Ghana. Two Community-based Health Planning and Services zones were randomly selected for the qualitative interviews. Four focus group discussions and eight in-depth interviews were conducted among opinion leaders and healthcare workers. Data were obtained through audio recordings which were further transcribed and imported into the Dedoose 8 statistical software for thematic analysis.
Results
Most community members knew what the antenatal care process entailed and understood its importance in improving pregnancy and birthing outcomes. However, the dismissive attitude of community members toward men who engage in maternal health services, the lack of detailed written policies, and financial constraints were the major reasons for men’s reluctance to participate in antenatal care. Men reported being more open to attending antenatal care visits with their partners if given the appropriate education by health professionals and support from government agencies. While health professionals believe their role is to provide health information and services to the people, they also advocate for the use of underexplored public health engagement approaches to facilitate men’s involvement in maternal health services.
Conclusion
The results of this study showed that male involvement in antenatal care is suboptimal in Northern Ghana. Despite the individual roles across the different stakeholder groups, a collective effort is required to create avenues for improved health education, increased community sensitization through peer mentorship programs, a reward-based incentive system, and increased government support to ensure the proactive involvement of men in maternal health.
Association of Physical Activity with Phenotypic Age: Among Population with Different Breakfast Habits
Authors: Li Jing , Sun Mengzi , Wang Xuhan , Wang Fengdan , Dong Yibo , Fang Jiaxin , Xie Zechun , Li Xiaotong , Guo Ruirui , Wang Yuxiang , Li Bo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The global aging situation has reached a serious stage, and healthy lifestyles, like active physical activity and eating breakfast, could slow the process. Phenotypic age (PhenoAge) is regarded as a novel measure of aging. Therefore, our study aimed to quantify the association of physical activity and eating breakfast on the aging, via PhenoAge. A total of 3,719 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were involved. Physical activity was divided into active group and inactive group. According to the number of reported breakfast recalls, eating breakfast was divided into no, one, and both recalls group. Sensitivity analysis was performed by stratified analysis. Active physical activity was a protective factor, and there was an interaction between physical activity and eating breakfast on the PhenoAge. Compared to the inactive group, the β value of the active group was − 8.36(-10.09, -6.62) (P < 0.05). The stratified analysis results showed that in reported breakfast in both, one, and no recalls groups, the β values of the active group were − 8.84(-10.70, -6.98), -8.17(-12.34, -4.00), and − 3.46(-7.74, 0.82), respectively, compared to the inactive group. Active physical exercise was strongly correlated with lower PhenoAge, and the association was even stronger if combining with eating breakfast regularly.
Hydrogen peroxide oxidation of o-vanillin fluorescence kinetic fluorescence method for the determination of Mn(II)Hydrogen peroxide oxidation of o-vanillin fluorescence kinetic fluorescence method for the determination of Mn(II)
Authors: Zhang Xin , Sheng Li , Han Feng , Li Haisu , Su Biquan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this experiment, a newly synthesized chromogenic agent o-vanillin fluorescence ketone was used to establish a method for the determination of Mn(II) by catalytic kinetic fluorescence. At the maximum excitation and emission wavelengths (λex/λem = 495 nm/578 nm) Mn(II) showed a negative correlation with fluorescence intensity in the range of 0.005 ~ 0.025 µg/mL and a good linear relationship between concentration and ΔF value. The optimal experimental conditions were investigated and the possible reaction mechanism was explored. The linear regression equation was ΔF = 937.7714 + 7287.7498ρ (µg/mL), r = 0.9993. The detection limit was 3.690×10− 3 µg/mL. The samples were analyzed after masking the interfering ions, and trace amounts of Mn(II) were detected in tap water, Yellow River water and tea leachate with the spiked recoveries of 99.05%, 100.0% and 103.32%, respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained.