bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing conservative versus liberal intravenous fluid administration in patients with sepsis or septic shock at risk of fluid overload
Authors: Bharwani Aadil , Pérez María Lucía , Englesakis Marina , Meyhoff Tine Sylvest , Perner Anders , Sivapalan Praleene , Wilcox Mary Elizabeth 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionIntravenous crystalloid fluid resuscitation forms a crucial part of the early intervention bundle for sepsis and septic shock, with the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines recommending a 30 mL/kg fluid bolus within the first hour. Compliance with this suggested target varies in patients with comorbidities such as congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease and cirrhosis due to concerns regarding iatrogenic fluid overload. However, it remains unclear whether resuscitation with higher fluid volumes puts them at greater risk of adverse outcomes. Thus, this systematic review will synthesise evidence from existing studies to assess the effects of a conservative as compared with a liberal approach to fluid resuscitation in patients at greater perceived risk of fluid overload due to comorbid conditions.Methods and analysisThis protocol was registered on PROSPERO and has been drafted following the checklist of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. We will search MEDLINE, MEDLINE Epub Ahead of Print and In-Process, In-Data-Review & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Embase, Embase Classic, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL Complete and ClinicalTrials.gov. A preliminary search of these databases was performed from their inception to 30 August 2022. The risk of bias and random errors will be assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised clinical trials and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for case–control and cohort studies. If a sufficient number of comparable studies are identified, we will perform a meta-analysis applying random effects model. We will investigate heterogeneity using a combination of visual inspection of the funnel plot as well as the Egger’s test.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics approval is required for this study since no original data will be collected. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and conference presentation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022348181.
AI in the Enterprise
Authors: Meil Doug 
Published: May 2023

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Communications
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Communications
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Doug Meil identifies the development behaviors that offer the highest chance of success for enterprise artificial intelligence efforts.
QuickCSGModeling: Quick CSG Operations Based on Fusing Signed Distance Fields for VR Modeling
Authors: Chen Shuangmin , Xu Rui , Xu Jian , Xin Shiqing , Tu Changhe , Yang Chenglei , Lu Lin 
Published: May 2023

The latest advancements in Virtual Reality (VR) enable the creation of 3D models within a holographic immersive simulation environment. In this article, we create
QuickCSGModeling
, a user-friendly mid-air interactive modeling system. We first prepare a dataset consisting of diverse components and precompute the discrete signed distance function (SDF) for each component. During the modeling phase, users can freely design complicated shapes with a pair of VR controllers. Based on the discrete SDF representation, any CSG-like operation (union, intersection, and subtraction) can be performed voxel-wisely. Also, we maintain a single dynamic SDF for the whole scene, whose zero-level set surface exactly encodes the most recent constructed shape. Both SDF fusion and surface extraction are implemented via GPU for a smooth user experience. A total of 34 volunteers were asked to create their favorite models using QuickCSGModeling. With a simple training, most of them can create a fascinating shape or even a descriptive scene quickly. We also discuss how to extend our system to create articulated models with hinges, where an adaptive cube subdivision has to be enforced to improve the reconstruction accuracy around the hinge part, followed by a Dual Contouring-based surface extraction.

1
Effects of Functional Oligosaccharides Extracted from Straw on the Growth, Feeding, Physiology, Histology, Muscle Texture, and Gut Microbiota of Micropterus salmoides
Authors: Wu Benli , Huang Long , Wu Cangcang , Chen Jing , Chen Xiajun , Wang Xiang , Cui Kai , Liu Zhigang , He Jixiang 
Published: May 2023

We conducted an 8-week feeding trial to investigate the effect of mixed functional oligosaccharides (chitosan oligosaccharide, fructooligosaccharide, and xylooligosaccharide) extracted from wheat straw on the growth, feeding, physiology, histology, muscle texture, and gut microbiota of Micropterus salmoides. Six diets were formulated by incrementally adding mixed functional oligosaccharides (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/kg) to the control diet. 30 individuals with initial body weight of

25.1
±
3.5

g were randomly allocated to 6 triplicate tanks and fed to apparent satiation twice daily. The fish fed 1.0 mg/kg additives displayed maximum growth, and the feed conversion ratio decreased with the increase in additives from 0 to 1.0 mg/kg (

P
<
0.05

) but did not decline further with the addition of more than 1.0 mg/kg (

P
>
0.05

). The villus height and width were significantly higher in the supplementation groups than in the control group, while the gut and liver structures presented abnormalities with excessive supplementation above 1.5 mg/kg. There were significant differences in muscle texture indices for M. salmoides over the fed additive gradient, and the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness were highest in the 1.0 mg/kg group. High oligosaccharide levels, such as 2.0 mg/kg, decreased the LZM level, while there were no significant differences in the SOD and MDA levels. Gut microbiome analysis revealed no significant differences in richness and diversity for groups fed the functional oligosaccharide gradient; however, the PCoA results showed that the microbial community composition changed markedly in response to different addition levels, and the 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg supplementation groups were far apart from the lower and higher supplementation groups. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was lower in the 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg addition groups, while that of the phyla Fusobacteria and Firmicutes were higher in these two groups. Functional classification showed that microbes related to carbohydrate metabolism were more abundant in the 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg groups than in the other groups.
Effects of Replacing Fish Meal with Enzymatic Cottonseed Protein on the Growth Performance, Immunity, Antioxidation, and Intestinal Health of Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)
Authors: Qiu Zongsheng , Zhao Jiantao , Xie Dazhang , de Cruz Clement R. , Zhao Jianhua , Xu Hong , Xu Qiyou 
Published: May 2023

The dietary effects of replacing fish meal with enzymatic cottonseed protein (ECP) on the growth performance, immunity, antioxidant, and intestinal health of Chinese soft-shelled turtles have not been explored. An eight-week feeding trial was conducted with a quadruplicated group of turtles (

3.44
±
0.01

g

) that were randomly assigned to 16 cages (

0.6

m
×
0.6

m
×
0.6

m

) with 30 turtles that were stocked in each cage. Four dietary groups were fed with diets supplemented with 0, 2%, 4%, and 6% (ECP0 group (control group), ECP2 group, ECP4 group, ECP6 group) of enzymatic cottonseed protein replacing fishmeal. The present study illustrated that the final weight and WG in the ECP2 and ECP4 groups were significantly increased (

P
<
0.05

) compared with the control group. The ECP2, ECP4, and ECP6 groups significantly reduced the feed coefficient (

P
<
0.05

) and significantly increased the SGR (

P
<
0.05

). The serum TP and ALB of the ECP4 group were significantly increased (

P
<
0.05

). The ECP2, ECP4, and ECP6 groups significantly increased the activity of intestinal pepsin (

P
<
0.05

), and the activity of intestinal lipase of the EPC4 group was significantly increased (

P
<
0.05

). The intestinal villus height of the EPC4 group and EPC6 group, the villus width of the EPC2 group and EPC4 group, and the intestinal muscle thickness of the EPC4 group were significantly increased (

P
<
0.05

). At the same time, replacing fishmeal with enzymatic cottonseed protein also affected the intestinal inflammation-related genes compared with the control group. Besides that, the expression of the IL-10 gene in the experimental group was significantly upregulated (

P
<
0.05

). Nevertheless, the expression of TNF-α and IL-8 genes in the ECP2 group and TNF-α and IL-1β genes in the ECP4 group was significantly downregulated (

P
<
0.05

). In summary, replacing fish meal with enzymatic cottonseed protein positively affects the growth, immunity, and intestinal health of Chinese soft-shelled turtles. The appropriate proportion of enzymatic cottonseed protein to replace fish meal in turtle feed is 4%.
Dietary Bile Acid Supplementation Could Regulate the Glucose, Lipid Metabolism, and Microbiota of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Fed with a High-Lipid Diet
Authors: Yang Liping , Liu Mingyu , Zhao Mengjuan , Zhi Shaoyang , Zhang Wenlei , Qu Leya , Xiong Jinrui , Yan Xiao , Qin Chaobin , Nie Guoxing , Wang Shengpeng 
Published: May 2023

This study sought to examine the role of bile acids in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, intestinal flora, and growth in high-fat diet-fed common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Fish (

6.34
±
0.07

g

) were fed for 56 days with three different diets, the control diet (CO, 5.4% lipid), high-fat diet (HF, 11% lipid), and high-fat diet with 60 mg/kg bile acids (BAs, 11% lipid). The results showed that high-fat diets resulted in poor growth performance and increased triglyceride (TG) in serum and the liver. The addition of bile acids significantly alleviated the adverse effects of a high-fat diet. The mRNA expression results indicated that bile acids may improve lipid metabolism through the enhancement of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARa). The expression of gluconeogenesis-related phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) mRNA was inhibited, while fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) was significantly higher. Bile acids reshaped the intestinal microflora community, with the level of Bacteroidetes increasing. The correlation analysis indicated that Patescibacteria, Dependentiae, Myxococcota, and Planctomycetota in the gut are associated with genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. These results indicated that bile acids could ameliorate the negative effects of high-fat diets on common carp.
Immunogenomic Landscape of Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer
Authors: Bhinder Bhavneet , Ferguson Alison , Sigouros Michael , Uppal Manik , Elsaeed Ahmed G. , Bareja Rohan , Alnajar Hussein , Eng Kenneth Wha , Conteduca Vincenza , Sboner Andrea , Mosquera Juan Miguel , Elemento Olivier , Beltran Himisha 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Patients with neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) are often managed with immunotherapy regimens extrapolated from small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). We sought to evaluate the tumor immune landscape of NEPC compared with other prostate cancer types and SCLC.

Experimental Design:
In this retrospective study, a cohort of 170 patients with 230 RNA-sequencing and 104 matched whole-exome sequencing data were analyzed. Differences in immune and stromal constituents, frequency of genomic alterations, and associations with outcomes were evaluated.

Results:
In our cohort, 36% of the prostate tumors were identified as CD8+ T-cell inflamed, whereas the remaining 64% were T-cell depleted. T-cell–inflamed tumors were enriched in anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages and exhausted T cells and associated with shorter overall survival relative to T-cell–depleted tumors (HR, 2.62; P &lt; 0.05). Among all prostate cancer types in the cohort, NEPC was identified to be the most immune depleted, wherein only 9 out of the 36 total NEPC tumors were classified as T-cell inflamed. These inflamed NEPC cases were enriched in IFN gamma signaling and PD-1 signaling compared with other NEPC tumors. Comparison of NEPC with SCLC revealed that NEPC had poor immune content and less mutations compared with SCLC, but expression of checkpoint genes PD-L1 and CTLA-4 was comparable between NEPC and SCLC.

Conclusions:
NEPC is characterized by a relatively immune-depleted tumor immune microenvironment compared with other primary and metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma except in a minority of cases. These findings may inform development of immunotherapy strategies for patients with advanced prostate cancer.
Bursaphelenchus ogawanus n. sp. isolated from bark material of Fagus japonica Maxim. from Japan
Authors: Kanzaki Natsumi , Masuya Hayato 
Published: May 2023

Summary
A Bursaphelenchus species belonging to the abietinus group was isolated from a bark sample of Fagus japonica infested by an unidentified Dryocoetes bark beetle. The species is typologically characterised by its two-lined lateral field, mitten-shaped spicule possessing a well-developed and dorsally truncate condylus, narrow triangular rostrum and a distinct cucullus, the presence of seven (P1, P2, P3 papilliform and P5 gland-opening-like) male genital papillae, female vulva with side flap and the long, smoothly tapering and ventrally recurved female tail with strongly ventrally recurved distal part. The species is typologically close to B. irokophilus and B. rainulfi but can be distinguished from these two species by the shape of spicule rostrum, which is narrower in the new species. Phylogenetically, the new species forms a well-supported clade with B. rainulfi but can be distinguished from them by the differences in the SSU and D2-D3 LSU sequences. The new species is described as Bursaphelenchus ogawanus n. sp.
Dongchuanite, a new phosphate mineral with a new structure, from Dongchuan copper mine, Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Li Guowu , Sun Ningyue , Shen Hongtao , Xue Yuan , Hao Jinhua , de Fourestier Jeffrey 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDongchuanite, ideally Pb4VIZnIVZn2(PO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2, is a new phosphate mineral with a new type of structure. It was found at the Dongchuan copper mine, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China. Dongchuanite generally occurs as spherical aggregates with microscopic lamellar crystals, characterised by a turquoise–greenish blue colour. It is transparent, with a colourless streak and has a vitreous lustre without fluorescence. It is brittle with a Mohs hardness of 2–2½, and has good parallel cleavage to {011}, with insignificant parting and even fracture. According to the empirical formula and cell volume, it has a calculated density of 6.06 g/cm3. It easily dissolves in acid without gas being emitted. The mineral is biaxial (–), calculated n = 1.90 and maximum birefringence: δ = 0.010 and 2V=70°. Dispersion of the optical axes r < v is very weak. The mineral is pale blue to light blue and very weakly pleochroic in transmitted light. Dongchuanite crystallises in the triclinic space group P$\bar{1}$, with unit-cell parameters a = 4.7620(10) Å, b = 8.5070(20) Å, c = 10.3641(19) Å, α = 97.110(17)°, β = 101.465(17)°, γ = 92.273(18)°, V = 407.44(15) Å3 and Z = 1. The eight strongest reflections in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [dobs, Å (I/I0) (hkl)] are: 3.442 (100) ($\bar{1}$12), 3.035 (50) (120), 4.652 (45) (100), 2.923 (40) ($\bar{1}\bar{1}$3), 2.384 (35) ($\bar{2}$01), 3.130 (30) ($\bar{1}$21), 2.811 (30) (030) and 2.316 (18) (032). The crystal structure (solved and refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data, R1 = 0.07) is a new layered structure consisting of corner-sharing tetrahedrons and octahedrons, where [PO4] tetrahedra and [ZnO4] tetrahedra share corners to form a double chain, and the another [PO4] tetrahedra is connected by corner-sharing with a [ZnO4(OH)2] octahedra to form a tetrahedral–octahedral chain, extending along the a-axis direction. The two types of chains are connected by corner-sharing between [ZnO4] and [PO4] tetrahedra forming a wrinkled layer parallel to (011). The Pb atoms occupy two independent sites between the wrinkled layers, both of which have typical lopsided coordination of Pb2+ with stereoactive 6s2 lone-pair electrons.
An interdisciplinary course on evolution and sustainability increases acceptance of evolutionary theory and increases understanding of interdisciplinary application of evolutionary theory
Authors: Kreher Scott A. , McManus Ellen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Although evolutionary theory is foundational and integrative in modern biology, there remains widespread lack of acceptance among U.S. residents. An interdisciplinary approach to teaching evolutionary theory at the undergraduate level has many advantages, such as giving students a context for learning about evolution and application of evolutionary theory to other academic disciplines and everyday life. While there are foundational examples of interdisciplinary approaches to teaching evolutionary theory, there are few examples of courses with application of evolutionary theory to issues of sustainability, such as conservation or global climate change. We build on the practical and theoretical work of others to create an interdisciplinary course on evolutionary theory for non-science majors, with ties to sustainability. Our course is taught in three modules, with extensive readings and hands-on lab activities. The first module is focused on honey bee biology, with hands-on beekeeping experiences; the second module on native plants and community education on sustainability; and the third module on the evolution of the subjective human experience of free will.

Results
We found that students in our course experienced an increased acceptance of evolutionary theory. We found that students also met the course leaning objectives, of basic knowledge of evolutionary theory and application of evolutionary theory to other disciplines, assessed through group and individual major assignments. We also found that students had an expanded perspective on interdisciplinary application of evolutionary theory, assessed through closed-ended survey questions and analysis of open-ended writing.

Conclusions
Students in our course experienced an increase of acceptance of evolutionary theory and an expanded perspective on interdisciplinary application of evolutionary theory, despite the fact that many students were not science majors.
Economic evaluations of radioembolization with yttrium-90 microspheres in liver metastases of colorectal cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Alonso JC , Casans I , González FM , Fuster D , Rodríguez A , Sánchez N , Oyagüez I , Williams AO , Espinoza N 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Transarterial radioembolization with yttrium-90 (Y-90 TARE) microspheres therapy has demonstrated positive clinical benefits for the treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer (lmCRC). This study aims to conduct a systematic review of the available economic evaluations of Y-90 TARE for lmCRC.

Methods
English and Spanish publications were identified from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, MEDES health technology assessment agencies, and scientific congress databases published up to May 2021. The inclusion criteria considered only economic evaluations; thus, other types of studies were excluded. Purchasing-power-parity exchange rates for the year 2020 ($US PPP) were applied for cost harmonisation.

Results
From 423 records screened, seven economic evaluations (2 cost-analyses [CA] and 5 cost-utility-analyses [CUA]) were included (6 European and 1 USA). All included studies (n = 7) were evaluated from a payer and the social perspective (n = 1). Included studies evaluated patients with unresectable liver-predominant metastases of CRC, refractory to chemotherapy (n = 6), or chemotherapy-naïve (n = 1). Y-90 TARE was compared to best supportive care (BSC) (n = 4), an association of folinic acid, fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) (n = 1), and hepatic artery infusion (HAI) (n = 2). Y-90 TARE increased life-years gained (LYG) versus BSC (1.12 and 1.35 LYG) and versus HAI (0.37 LYG). Y-90 TARE increased the quality-adjusted-life-year (QALY) versus BSC (0.81 and 0.83 QALY) and versus HAI (0.35 QALY). When considering a lifetime horizon, Y-90 TARE reported incremental cost compared to BSC (range 19,225 to 25,320 $US PPP) and versus HAI (14,307 $US PPP). Y-90 TARE reported incremental cost-utility ratios (ICURs) between 23,875 $US PPP/QALY to 31,185 $US PPP/QALY. The probability of Y-90 TARE being cost-effective at £ 30,000/QALY threshold was between 56% and 57%.

Conclusions
Our review highlights that Y-90 TARE could be a cost-effective therapy either as a monotherapy or when combined with systemic therapy for treating ImCRC. However, despite the current clinical evidence on Y-90 TARE in the treatment of ImCRC, the global economic evaluation reported for Y-90 TARE in ImCRC is limited (n = 7), therefore, we recommend future economic evaluations on Y-90 TARE versus alternative options in treating ImCRC from the societal perspective.
Eye-masks and earplugs compared to headband in nulliparas on increasing spontaneous vaginal delivery: a randomized trial
Authors: Hong Jesrine Gek Shan , Vimaladevi Annamalai , Razif Noor Adeebah , Omar Siti Zawiah , Tan Peng Chiong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
A majority of pregnant women experience sleep disruption during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester. Lack of sleep is associated with preterm birth, prolonged labor and higher cesarean section rate. Six or less hours of night sleep in the last month of pregnancy is associated with a higher rate of caesarean births. Eye-masks and earplugs compared to headband improve night sleep by 30 or more minutes. We sought to evaluate eye-mask and earplugs compared to sham/placebo headbands on spontaneous vaginal delivery.

Methods
This randomized trial was conducted from December 2019-June 2020. 234 nulliparas, 34–36 weeks’ gestation with self-reported night sleep < 6 h were randomized to eye-mask and earplugs or sham/placebo headband (both characterized as sleep aids) to be worn each night to delivery. After two weeks, interim outcome data of the average night sleep duration and the trial sleep related questionnaire was answered through the telephone.

Results
Spontaneous vaginal delivery rates were 60/117(51.3%) vs. 52/117(44.4%) RR 1.15 95% CI 0.88–1.51 P = 0.30 for eye-mask and earplugs or headband respectively. At 2-weeks into the intervention period, the eye-mask and earplugs arm reported longer night sleep duration 7.0 ± 1.2 vs. 6.6 ± 1.5 h P = 0.04, expressed increased satisfaction with the allocated aid 7[6.0–8.0] vs. 6[5.0–7.5] P < 0.001, agreed they slept better 87/117(74.4%) vs. 48/117(41.0%) RR 1.81 95% CI 1.42–2.30 NNTb 4 (2.2–4.7) P < 0.001 and higher compliance median[interquartile range] 5[3–7] vs. 4[ 2–5] times per week of sleep aid use P = 0.002.

Conclusion
Eye-mask and earplugs use at home in late third trimester do not increase the spontaneous vaginal delivery rate even though self-reported night sleep duration, sleep quality, satisfaction and compliance with allocated sleep aid were significantly better than for sham/placebo headband.
Trial registration
This trial was registered with ISRCTN on June 11, 2019 with trial identification number: ISRCTN99834087.