bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methylene blue dye’s adsorption on a natural clay surface from Southeast Morocco: modeling and experimental equilibrium studies
Authors: HABACHA Mohamed EL - , Dabagh Abdelkader , Lagdali Salek , Miyah Youssef , Mahmoudy Guellaa , Sinan Fouad , Chiban Mohamed , Iaich Soulaiman , Zerbet Mohamed 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The present research work revolves around the evaluation of the elimination of the cationic dye Methylene Blue (MB) from an aqueous solution by the exploitation of natural clay (TMG) from South-East Morocco. Several physicochemical techniques were used to characterize our TMG adsorbate, namely: X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR), differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and zero charge point (pHpzc). The morphological properties and elemental composition of our material were identified using scanning electron microscopy coupled with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDS). The batch technique was used under different operating conditions to produce quantitative adsorption, namely the amount of adsorbent, dye concentration, contact time, pH, and solution temperature. The maximum adsorption capacity of MB on TMG was 81.185 mg g-1 for a concentration of 100 mg L-1 MB at pHinitial= 6.43, temperature 20 °C, and 1 g L-1 adsorbent. The adsorption data were examined by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms. The Langmuir isotherm provides the best correlation with the experimental data, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model is more appropriate for the adsorption of the MB dye. The thermodynamic study of MB adsorption indicates that the process is physical, endothermic, and spontaneous. The Box-Behnken method was applied to identify the optimal conditions for MB removal in the design of batch experiments. The parameters examined result in >99% removal.
Long-term rotationalstability of AcrySof IQ Toric intraocular lens in cataract patients with myopia: a retrospective case series study
Authors: luo jie , liu yang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the long-term rotational stability of AcrySof IQ Toric intraocular lens (IOL) in cataract patients with myopia.
Methods
Retrospective case series study. In total, 120 eyes of 78 cataract patients with axial length (AL) 24–30 mm, corneal astigmatism ≥ 1.50 D and implantation of AcrySof IQ Toric IOL guided by the Version navigation system were collected. According to the AL, they were assigned to two groups: group A, 60 eyes with high myopia (AL ≥ 26 mm); group B, 60 eyes with low to moderate myopia (24 mm ≤ AL < 26 mm). The preoperative eye axis, best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), corneal astigmatism, IOL rotation at 24–48 months after operation, the proportion of eyes with IOL rotation less than 5° and 10°, rotation direction and residual astigmatism were recorded.
Results
The mean follow-up period was 34.27 ± 4.98 months and the mean rotation degree was 2.73 ± 1.29°. The rotation degree of Group A (2.87 ± 1.31°) was slightly higher than that of Group B (2.59 ± 1.27°), with no statistical significance (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in IOL rotation between the two groups at 24–36 months or 36–48 months postoperation (P > 0.05). The ratio of rotation ≤ 5° was 98.22%, with no patients with a rotation > 10°. The postoperative BCDVA was 0.13 ± 0.03 LogMAR, which was significantly higher than that preoperation (X2 = 76.79, P < 0.05). The mean corneal astigmatism preoperation was 2.17 ± 1.08 D, while the residual astigmatism postoperation was 0.41 ± 0.26 D, which was statistically significantly lower (t = 4.281, P < 0.05).
Conclusion
AcrySof Toric IOL can effectively correct corneal astigmatism in cataract patients with myopia and has good long-term rotational stability.
Algorithms Based on Block-Chain Applied to Develop the IoT Applications
Authors: Chen Joy Iong-Zong , Lee Chien-Yeh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The current article presents a BC (block-chain) algorithm proposed for developing IoT (internet of things) applications. The TM (trust management) scheme is also embedded for improving secure protection. In the BC stage, specified parameters are extracted first according to the estimated trust value before the control information comes from the TM. A merit referred to as QoI (quality of information) judges the IoT technology parameter dependent on the trust value. The simulation results from experiments show that the security has more reliability after the proposed fusion schemes. The BC embedding scheme has always provided a higher QoI level. Furthermore, the outcomes are such that the jointed algorithm can enhance secure protection efficiency and solve the application tier security problem. Alternatively, reducing the QoI degree, such as the packet capacity and data rate, is the penalty factors. Eventually, the results from the proposed methods have significant delivery ratio outperform a relevant work, and there has a real implemented project is demonstrated by providing the mentioned assessment for a toxic chemical trade.
Sacubitril/valsartan cannot improve cardiac function compared with valsartan in patients suffering nonvalvular atrial fibrillation without systolic heart failure
Authors: Zhu Mingxin , Guo Jianfeng , qiqike Badeng , nay Xeri , dan Shan , Kuransi Aidina , Hu Gaokai , Han Zhangtong , Hou Dong , aili Ailifeilai , Xia Bin , Chen Ping , bate Bayin , Xie Jiangjiao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) in patients diagnosed with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) without systolic heart failure (SHF).
Methods: Nonvalvular AF patients without SHF admitted to the People’s Hospital of Boltala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture from December 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled and randomly divided into the Sac/Val treatment group (group T) and valsartan treatment group (group C, control). For subgroup analysis, patients were divided into subgroups with and without diastolic heart failure (DHF). After a 1-month run-in period and subsequent 3-month treatment period, patients were followed up in the cardiology clinic. Plasma levels of biochemical markers and echocardiographic parameters before and after treatment were compared, and DHF scores were calculated for comparison of diastolic function.
Results: Of 61 enrolled patients, 46 patients completed the follow-up. Sac/Val treatment did not increase the proportion of sinus rhythm. Although NT-proBNP expression tended to be reduced in both groups after 3 months of treatment, the differences compared with respective baseline levels and between groups were not significant. Subgroup analysis suggested that NT-proBNP expression in the subgroup with DHF was decreased at follow-up versus baseline, but the difference was not significant. Similarly, no marked differences in echocardiographic parameters or tissue Doppler parameters related to DHF were detected between the groups (P>0.05). Subgroup analysis also showed no significant differences in the echocardiographic parameters between subgroups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Sac/Val is not superior to valsartan in the treatment for patients suffering with AF without SHF.
Retrospective cohort study comparing antiretroviral treatment outcomes among adolescents in Teen Clubs and Standard Care Clinics: Blantyre, Malawi
Authors: Alibi Michael , Mwapasa Victor , Gwalangwa Fatsani 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Teen clubs are already known to improve retention rates for adolescents on antiretroviral therapy. This study aimed to find out if this model also improves virological suppression and reduces virological failure. Viral suppression monitoring is a golden ART programme performance indicator. HIV treatment outcomes are poor among adolescents compared to adults. Different service delivery models are being implemented to address this; among them is the Teen Club model. Currently, it is clear that teen clubs improve treatment adherence (short-term impact), but there is a knowledge gap regarding the long-term impact. The study compared the rates of virological suppression and failure among adolescents in Teen Clubs and those on the Standard of Care (SoC) model.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 110 adolescents in teen clubs and 123 adolescents in SOC from six health facilities were selected using stratified simple random sampling. The participants were followed for 24 months. The data were analysed using STATA version 16.0. Univariate analyses were performed for demographic and clinical variables. A chi-squared test was used to assess the difference between proportions. The crude and adjusted relative risks were calculated using a binomial regression model.
Results: At 24 months, 56% of adolescents in the Standard of Care (SoC) arm had viral load suppression compared to 90% in the Teen Club arm. Of those who achieved viral load suppression at 24 months, about 22.7% (SoC) and 76.4% (Teen Club) achieved undetectable viral load suppression rates. Adolescents in the Teen Club arm had a lower viral load than those in the SoC arm (adjusted RR 0.23, 95% CI: 0.11-0.61; p = 0.002 adjusted for age and gender). Teen Club and SoC adolescents had virological failure rates of 3.1% and 10.9%, respectively. The adjusted RR was 0.16, 95% CI: 0.03-0.78; p = 0.023; those in Teen Clubs were less likely to have virological failure relative to those in SoC after adjusting for age, sex, and place of residence.
Conclusion: The study found that Teen Club models are more effective at achieving virological suppression among HIV positive adolescents.
Effects of waterlogging at different growth stages on the photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)
Authors: Zhang Ruidong , Yue Zhongxiao , Chen Xiaofei , Zhou Yufei , Cao Xiong , Huang Ruidong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Various plants, including sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), are exposed to waterlogging; however, little is known about the effects of waterlogging at different growth stages on sorghum. A pot experiment was conducted using two sorghum hybrids, Jinuoliang 01 (JN01) and Jinza 31 (JZ31), to investigate the effects of waterlogging at different growth stages on the photosynthesis enzyme activity, chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, photosynthetic parameters, dry matter accumulation, and grain yield. The experiment was conducted using waterlogging treatments implemented at the five-leaf stage (T1), flowering stage (T2), and filling stage (T3), using standard management (no waterlogging) as a control (CK). The adverse effects of waterlogging on sorghum growth varied with the waterlogging timing, with the maximum impact at T1, followed by T2 and T3. JZ31 was more sensitive to waterlogging compared to JN01. Waterlogged conditions inhibited the photosynthetic enzyme activity and reduced the chlorophyll content and photosynthesis, ultimately lowering the biomass yield and grain yield. The maximum yield loss was observed with the T1 waterlogging treatment; the grain yield of JN01 and JZ31 decreased by 52.01%~54.58% and 69.52%~71.97%, respectively, compared with CK. Furthermore, the decline in grain yield in T1 was associated with reducing grain number per panicle. These findings indicate that sorghum is sensitive to waterlogging at the five-leaf stage and JZ31 is more sensitive to waterlogging than JN01, which may provide a basis for selecting genotypes and management measures to cope with waterlogging in sorghum.
Value Chain Analysis of Maize (Zea mays) in Hoko District, Sidama Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Legesse Tibebu , Gezmu Girma 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Although maize is economically and socially significant in the Hoko district, its production and marketing challenges as well as its economic benefit to society have not yet been studied. As a result, this study examined the maize value chain in the Hoko district of Sidama regional state, Ethiopia. This study used a multi-stage sampling strategy and a cross-sectional research design. To analyze the data value chain approach and econometric analysis were used. To move 4275.755Qt of maize, twelve marketing channels were found. Producers have the largest profit share when selling directly to consumers and the lowest profit share in a channel where many intermediaries are involved. The results of the multiple linear regression model showed that, out of the 13 explanatory variables that were assumed to determine the household's market supply of maize, seven of them—sex of the household head, age, family size, frequency of extension contact, amount of maize produced, net annual income, and use of credit services were found to have a significant impact on the market supply of maize. The main constraints for maize producers were a limited supply of improved maize varieties, poor technology, seasonality, and weather-related issues, a lack of irrigation, pests, and diseases, poor credit services, a lack of market information, and a lack of knowledge and skill. Lack of suitable storage, poor post-harvest management, the existence of unlicensed dealers, inadequate market knowledge, price volatility, and low maize quality were the main constraints to maize marketing. Therefore, it is advised to implement policy initiatives aimed at enhancing farmers' access to maize technologies, creating and improving market information, cooperative development, innovations, enhancing extension systems, and credit to hasten the development of the maize value chain in the study area.
Analysis of vaccine-induced immune responses according to the immunization sequences of mRNA and protein vaccines
Authors: Nam Jae-Hwan , Park Hyeong-Jun , Bang Yoo-Jin , Kwon Sung Pil , Kwak Woori , Park Sang-In , Roh Gahyun , Bae Seo-Hyeon , Kim Jae-Yong , Kwak Hye Won , Kim Yongkwan , Yoo Soyeon , Kim Daegeun , Keum Gyochang , Bang Eun-Kyoung , Hong So-Hee 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, different types of vaccines, such as inactive, live-attenuated, messenger RNA, and protein subunit, have been developed against SARS-CoV2. This circumstance has unintentionally led to heterologous prime-boost vaccination against a single virus in a large human population. Here, we aimed to analyze whether the immunization order of vaccine types influences the efficacy of heterologous prime-boost vaccination, especially mRNA and protein-based vaccines. We developed a new mRNA vaccine expressing hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza using the 3′UTR and 5′UTR of muscle cells (mRNA-HA) and tested its efficacy by heterologous immunization with an HA protein vaccine (protein-HA). The results demonstrated higher IgG2a levels and hemagglutination inhibition titers in mRNA-HA priming/protein-HA boosting (R-P) regimen than that induced by reverse immunization (protein-HA priming/mRNA-HA boosting, P-R). After the virus challenge, the R-P group showed lower virus titers and less inflammation in the lungs than the P-R group. Transcriptome analysis revealed that heterologous prime-boost groups had differentially activated immune response pathways, according to the order of immunization. In summary, our results demonstrate that the sequence of vaccination is critical to sculpt immune responses. This study provides the potential of a heterologous vaccination strategy using mRNA and protein vaccine platforms against viral infection.
Primary Pulmonary Paraganglioma, Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Bardhi Ledi , Vannucchi Margherita , Corzani Roberto , Galgano Angela , Nicola Libero Antonio , Paladini Piero , Bellan Cristiana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Primary pulmonary paragangliomas are extremely rare neuroendocrine tumor, counting less than 1% of all paragangliomas. The incidence of paragangliomas range between 2– 8 per million in a year. The most common site of origin is the superior paraaortic region between the diaphragm and the lower renal poles (approximately 46% of all cases), and particularly in and around the renal hilus. Most pulmonary paragangliomas are nonfunctional and result in no evident clinical symptoms. Some patients develop respiratory symptoms, such as a cough, chest pain, or dyspnea, as in our case.
Case presentation: A 71-year-old woman came to our attention for cough. Active smoker of 56 p/y, her medical history consisted of a myocardial infarction, anxious-depressive syndrome, hypertension, diabetes, obesity (BMI 37.3) and Hashimoto thyroiditis. The chest radiography revealed a rounded opacity of the middle lobe. Then, a computerized tomography (CT) showing the presence of a 2.6 cm solid lesion, oval in shape, with regular margins, located in the medial segment of the middle lobe.
On gross examination, a well-demarcated neoplasm, with white-brown cut surface and solid consistency was found. The tumor cells appear to be arranged in a typical nest pattern supported by a thin vascular framework producing the classic ‘zellballen’ or basket pattern. Immunohistochemical staining showing positivity for CgA, Syn and S100 (immunostaining revealed of the presence of the classic “substentacular” cells).
Conclusion: Primary pulmonary paragangliomas are rare entities and their differential diagnosis with carcinoid tumors, more typical for this site, is not always easy and lies in subtle morphological and immunophenotypic differences. A correct diagnosis is important since, in 50% of the patients, mutations in tumor susceptibility genes have been reported, thus a genetic testing and counseling should be considered.
Radiation-Safe Human Bases on the Moon
Authors: Dobynde Mikhail , Guo Jingnan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Human visits to the Moon will be the next milestone for human space exploration. During deep space crewed missions, radiation risk is an important and unavoidable risk for astronauts' health, especially for their long-term stays at future lunar stations. In this work, we present the first protocol of a lunar mission schedule given space radiation constraints. We use the recently developed and validated "Radiation Environment and Dose at the Moon (REDMoon)" model [1] to calculate radiation dose rates due to omnipresent Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) and sporadic Solar Energetic Particles (SEP) as well as the secondary particles induced by them at the surface and subsurface of the Moon. We evaluate the biologically-weighted body effective dose rate, its variation with solar activity, and its dependence on the shielding thickness, including both the lunar soil shielding and the module aluminum shielding. For surface bases assuming a historical solar activity period (e.g., that between year 2000 and 2020), we obtain the background GCR exposure rate to be 20-40 cSv . year-1 considering different solar modulation conditions and various Al-shielding thicknesses of the module. In comparison, the average radiation exposure for an astronaut in International Space Station at low-Earth orbit is ≈20 cSv . year-1 in the middle of solar cycle in 2006 [2]. Large SEP events throughout this period are also accounted for and some single-event effective dose may exceed the annual GCR level if shielding is insufficient. We thus consider potential bases utilizing in-situ lunar regolith for shielding protection. We investigate different combinations of depth and Al-shielding for lunar base scenarios to derive mission schedules which allow the persistent presence of crew operation on the Moon. With our schedule throughout the aforementioned period, the radiation exposure is kept under certain recommended levels. As a first protocol, our work provide valuable radiation mitigation considerations for future human lunar bases and mission cost estimates.
Lack of adipocyte IP3R1 reduces diet-induced obesity and greatly improves whole-body glucose homeostasis
Authors: Yin Jingdong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The normal function of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue ensures whole-body glucose homeostasis. Ca2+ release channel inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1 (IP3R1) plays a vital role in regulating diet-induced obesity and disorders, but its functions in peripheral tissue regulating glucose homeostasis remain unexplored. In this study, mice with Ip3r1 specific knockout in skeletal muscle or adipocytes were used for investigating the mediatory role of IP3R1 on whole-body glucose homeostasis under normal or high-fat diet. We reported that IP3R1 expression levels were increased in the white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of diet-induced obese mice. Ip3r1 knockout in skeletal muscle improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity of mice on a normal chow diet, but worsened insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice. These changes were associated with the reduced muscle weight and compromised Akt signaling activation. Importantly, Ip3r1 deletion in adipocytes protected mice from diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance, mainly due to the enhanced lipolysis and AMPK signaling pathway in the visceral fat. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that IP3R1 in skeletal muscle and adipocytes exerts divergent effects on systemic glucose homeostasis, and characterizes adipocyte IP3R1 as a promising target for treating obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Increased plasma DYRK1A with aging may protect against neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Delabar Jean-Maurice , Lagarde Julien , Fructuoso Marta , Mohammad Ammara , Bottlaender Michel , Doran Eric , Lott Ira , Schmitt Frederic , Head Elisabeth , Sarazin Marie , Potier Marie-Claude 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEarly markers are needed for more effective prevention of Alzheimer's disease. We previously showed that individuals with Alzheimer’s disease have decreased plasma DYRK1A levels compared to controls. We assessed DYRK1A in plasma of cognitively healthy elderly volunteers, individuals with either Alzheimer’s disease (AD), tauopathies or Down syndrome (DS), and in lymphoblastoids from individuals with DS. DYRK1A levels were inversely correlated with brain amyloid β burden in asymptomatic elderly individuals and AD patients. Low DYRK1A levels were also detected in patients with tauopathies. Individuals with DS had higher DYRK1A levels than controls, although levels were lower in individuals with DS and with dementia. These data suggest that plasma DYRK1A levels could be used for early detection of at risk individuals of AD and for early detection of AD. We hypothesize that lack of increase of DYRK1A at middle age (40–50 years) could be a warning before cognitive decline, reflecting increased risk for AD.
Photochemistry on Mars reduces the abundance of heavy isotopes in atmospheric CO and their escape efficiency to space
Authors: Alday Juan , Trokhimovskiy Alexander , Patel Manish , Fedorova Anna , Lefèvre Franck , Montmessin Franck , Holmes James , Rajendran Kylash , Mason Jon , Olsen Kevin , Belyaev Denis , Korablev Oleg , Baggio Lucio , Patrakeev Andrey , Shakun Alexey 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The atmosphere of Mars is enriched in heavy isotopes with respect to Earth as a result of the escape of the atmosphere to space over billions of years. Estimating the enrichment in heavy isotopes due to atmospheric escape requires a rigorous understanding of all atmospheric processes that contribute to the evolution of isotopic ratios between the lower and upper atmosphere, where escape processes take place. Using a combination of vertical profiles from the Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter) with the predictions of a photochemical model, we provide evidence for a new process of photochemistry-induced fractionation that depletes the heavy isotopes of C and O in CO. Accounting for this new source of fractionation, we find that only a fraction of ≈12% of the atmosphere needs to have been lost to space through CO photochemical escape to explain the enrichment of 13C/12C in CO2 measured by the Curiosity Rover.