bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The good, the bad, and the future: Systematic review identifies best use of biomass to meet air quality and climate policies in California
Authors: Freer‐Smith Peter , Bailey‐Bale Jack H. , Donnison Caspar L. , Taylor Gail 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCalifornia has large and diverse biomass resources and provides a pertinent example of how biomass use is changing and needs to change, in the face of climate mitigation policies. As in other areas of the world, California needs to optimize its use of biomass and waste to meet environmental and socioeconomic objectives. We used a systematic review to assess biomass use pathways in California and the associated impacts on climate and air quality. Biomass uses included the production of renewable fuels, electricity, biochar, compost, and other marketable products. For those biomass use pathways recently developed, information is available on the effects—usually beneficial—on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and there is some, but less, published information on the effects on criteria pollutants. Our review identifies 34 biomass use pathways with beneficial impacts on either GHG or pollutant emissions, or both—the “good.” These included combustion of forest biomass for power and conversion of livestock‐associated biomass to biogas by anaerobic digestion. The review identified 13 biomass use pathways with adverse impacts on GHG emissions, criteria pollutant emissions, or both—the “bad.” Wildfires are an example of one out of eight pathways which were found to be bad for both climate and air quality, while only two biomass use pathways reduced GHG emissions relative to an identified counterfactual but had adverse air quality impacts. Issues of high interest for the “future” included land management to reduce fire risk, future policies for the dairy industries, and full life‐cycle analysis of biomass production and use.
Comparison between the effects of virtual supervision and minimal supervision in a 12‐week home‐based physical exercise program on mental health and quality of life of older adults: Secondary analysis from a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Daniele de Araújo Silva Juliana , Cândido Mendes Maranhão Diógenes , Machado Ferreira Tenório de Oliveira Luciano , Luiz Torres Pirauá André 
Published: September 2023

AimThe objective of this study was to compare the effects of virtual supervision and minimal supervision in a 12‐week home‐based physical exercise program on the mental health and quality of life of community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsThis study presents a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial conducted during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The sample comprised 38 elderly men and women (81.6% women, mean age 68 ± 6.4 years; mean weight 69.8 ± 12.1 km) without physical and/or cognitive impairments. The volunteers were divided into two groups: one group received virtual supervision (monitored via videoconference), while the other group received minimal supervision (monitored through weekly text messages). Both groups followed the same home‐based physical exercise program, consisting of three sessions per week, differing only in the supervision strategy. Mental health was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS‐21) in conjunction with the POMS questionnaire, which evaluates mood, and quality of life was assessed using the WHOQOL‐OLD questionnaire.ResultsOur findings demonstrated statistically significant superiority of virtual supervision compared with minimal supervision in relation to depression (−2.92, 95% confidence interval = −5.22 to −0.63). Conversely, minimal supervision exhibited superiority over virtual supervision regarding quality of life (−6.70, 95% confidence interval = −11.66 to −1.73).ConclusionsVirtual supervision yielded better outcomes for the depression indicator, while minimal supervision favored the quality of life of older adults at the conclusion of the 12‐week home‐based physical exercise program. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 864–870.
Relationships between frailty and exercise capacity in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kojima Sho , Usui Naoto , Uehata Akimi , Hisadome Hideki , Inatsu Akihito , Tsuchiya Takahiko , Mawatari Takayuki , Tsubaki Atsuhiro 
Published: September 2023

AimHemodialysis (HD) patients have a high prevalence of frailty. The association between frailty and exercise capacity in HD patients has not been established. This study aimed to clarify the relationships between frailty and exercise capacity in HD patients.MethodsThis two‐center cross‐sectional study included HD patients who performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Participants were divided by frailty phenotype into robust, pre‐frail, and frail using the revised Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Peak oxygen uptake (peakVO2) measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing was compared with each frailty phenotype. The association between peakVO2 and frailty phenotype was analyzed using multivariate linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, body mass index diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, cancer, history of fracture, hemoglobin, left ventricle ejection fraction, and percentage of heart rate reserve.ResultsThe study included 136 patients (median age, 71.0 years; female, 23.5%), with 15.4%, 44.9%, and 39.7% with frailty phenotypes robust, pre‐frail, and frail, respectively. PeakVO2 decreased with deterioration of the frailty phenotype (robust, median 15.1 [13.7–18.3] mL/min/kg; pre‐frail, median 12.2 [10.5–14.4] mL/min/kg; frail, median 10.6 [9.2–12.5] mL/min/kg, P < 0.05). PeakVO2 decline was significantly associated with frail (B = −2.19, P = 0.004). Modeling individual frailty components showed a significant association between peakVO2, usual gait speed (B = 2.38, P = 0.04), and low physical activity (B = −1.44, P = 0.004).ConclusionFrailty in HD patients was associated with a decline in exercise capacity. HD patients with frailty need to improve exercise capacity, gait speed, and physical activity. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 795–802.
A mutualistic symbiosis‐like system: double‐layer nanofiber film incorporated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum for Mongolian cheese preservation
Authors: Hao Yu , Dong Xinchen , Wu Lingling , Saldaña Marleny D.A. , Wang Yiduo , Sun Wenxiu 
Published: September 2023

SummaryHererin, the biopreservation (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum) was embedded into double‐layer nanofiber film (BDNF) composed of poly‐L‐lactic acid and polyethylene oxide via electrospinning process. Results showed that the embedded L. plantarum cells could manage to survive and maintain a high viability for about 15 days at 4 °C in the absence of external nutrients. The immobilisation of L. plantarum cells had no negative effect on their antibacterial activity. The application of BDNF on Mongolian cheese (MC) was constructed as a mutualistic symbiosis‐like system (MSS). Within BDNF‐MC‐MSS, nutritious matrix endowed L. plantarum a continuous antibacterial effect against undesirable microorganisms. Furthermore, the Mongolian cheese in MSS exhibited better quality because the packaging could strongly preserve them by inhibiting the growth of moulds and yeasts, reducing water loss, slowing fat precipitation, and improving texture characteristics during the storage period. The results suggested the feasibility of BDNF‐MC‐MSS as a novel way for Mongolian cheese preservation.
Strategies to improve customer service in delivery time slot management
Authors: Peixoto Armando , Martins Sara , Amorim Pedro , Holzapfel Andreas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn several online retail contexts, such as grocery retailing, customers have to be present at the moment of delivery, that is, an attended home delivery service is in place. This requirement adds new challenges to this channel, often leading to narrow profitability. From an operations perspective, this service is performed with the retailer offering multiple time slots for the customer to choose from. Retailers target a cost‐efficient delivery process that also accounts for customers' preferences by properly managing the options to show to customers, that is, time slot management. This study analyzes a dynamic slotting problem, that is, choosing the best slots to show for each customer, which is close to many practical cases pursuing a customer service orientation. We study two new strategies to improve customer service while satisfying cost‐efficiency goals: (i) enforcing a constraint on the minimum number or percentage of slots to show to customers and (ii) integrating multiple days when tackling this challenging problem. Our results show under which conditions these proposed strategies can lead to win‐win situations for both customer service and profit.
Improving neighborhood exploration into MOEA/D framework to solve a bi‐objective routing problem
Authors: Legrand Clément , Cattaruzza Diego , Jourdan Laetitia , Kessaci Marie‐Eléonore 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLocal search (LS) algorithms are efficient metaheuristics to solve combinatorial problems. The performance of LS highly depends on the neighborhood exploration of solutions. Many methods have been developed over the years to improve the efficiency of LS on different problems of operations research. In particular, the exploration strategy of the neighborhood and the exclusion of irrelevant neighboring solutions are design mechanisms that have to be carefully considered when tackling NP‐hard optimization problems. An MOEA/D framework including an LS‐based mutation and knowledge discovery mechanisms is the core algorithm used to solve a bi‐objective vehicle routing problem with time windows (bVRPTW) where the total traveling cost and the total waiting time of drivers have to be minimized. We enhance the classical LS exploration strategy of the neighborhood from the literature of scheduling and propose new metrics based on customer distances and waiting times to reduce the neighborhood size. We conduct a deep analysis of the parameters to give a fine tuning of the MOEA/D framework adapted to the LS variants and to the bVRPTW. Experiments show that the proposed neighborhood strategies lead to better performance on both Solomon's and Gehring and Homberger's benchmarks.
Organic selenium and vitamin E for gilts and sows bred in equatorial climate
Authors: Andrade Tiago Silva , Watanabe Pedro Henrique , de Mendonça Ingrid Barbosa , Vieira Eloisa Helena Mendes , de Alcântara Araújo Gabriel Gobira , Vasconcelos Deborah Marrocos Sampaio , Urach Bruno , Silva Bruno Alexander Nunes , Freitas Ednardo Rodrigues 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary supplementation of organic selenium (Se) and vitamin E for sows from 1st and 2nd parity order, without adiabatic cooling on physiological parameters, reproductive performance, milk composition, litter performance and blood concentrations of antioxidant enzymes. A total of 96 sows were allotted in a 4 × 2 completely factorial design, with 4 experimental groups and 2 parity orders (1st and 2nd). The experimental groups consisted of: ACCon—sows receiving adiabatic cooling and no dietary supplementation of organic Se and vitamin E; WACCon—sows without adiabatic cooling and no dietary supplementation of organic Se and vitamin E; WACSe—sows without adiabatic cooling with dietary supplementation of 0.3 mg/kg organic Se; WACSeE—sows without adiabatic cooling with dietary supplementation of 0.3 mg/kg organic Se and 90 UI of vitamin E. ACCon Sows had lower respiratory rate, rectal temperature and body surface temperature when compared to the others sows (p < 0.05). Sows without evaporative cooling had lower daily milk production and weaned litters with lower weight and average daily gain when compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). ACCon sows presented higher weaned piglets to WACSeE sows. WACSeE Sows had higher concentrations of GSH‐Px when compared to other experimental groups and higher levels of SOD than sows from ACCon and WACSe. Piglets of sows from WACSeE group presented higher levels of GSH‐Px and SOD when compared to the other experimental groups. ACCon sows have higher milk yield and higher litter weight than others groups. Under equatorial climate conditions, dietary supplementation of organic Se and vitamin E from first and second parity order sows does not respond efficiently on thermoregulatory physiology and performance compared to adiabatic cooling, but modulates the enzymatic antioxidant balance of sows and piglets.
Evaluation of the effect of botulinum toxin injection in aggravating or improving seborrheic dermatitis symptoms: A prospective, single‐arm clinical trial
Authors: Bazargan Afsaneh Sadeghzadeh , Tabavar Anahita , Roohaninasab Masoumeh , Ali Zahra Naeimaei , Tavana Zeynab , Montazeri Seyede Saba Mostafavi , Jafarzadeh Alireza 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionConsidering the proven therapeutic effect of botulinum toxin and the pathophysiology of seborrheic dermatitis, conflicting hypotheses have been put forward regarding the effect of injection of this toxin on the improvement or exacerbation of seborrheic dermatitis. Because of the lack of consistent studies investigating this relationship, we decided to conduct this study to investigate the effect of local botulinum toxin injection on sebum production and improvement or worsening of seborrheic dermatitis lesions.MethodThis study was a prospective, single‐arm clinical trial that involved the injection of botulinum toxin into 20 patients with complaints of skin wrinkles and simultaneous symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis. The trial was conducted at a dermatology clinic between March 2019 and March 2021. Two important characteristics of these patients were seborrheic dermatitis on the face or scalp and a referral for botulinum toxin injection to remove facial wrinkles. The Seborrheic Dermatitis Area and Severity Index (SDASI) was used to determine the severity of symptoms.ResultsIn study of 20 patients with an average age of 40 years, despite the decrease in the average scores of all examined criteria of seborrheic dermatitis symptoms in study, 1 month after botulinum toxin injection, no significant effect of using this toxin was seen on the improvement of patients’ symptoms (p value >0.05).ConclusionDespite the emphasis of many studies on the effectiveness of botulinum toxin in reducing the activity of sebaceous glands, the use of botulinum toxin as a therapeutic modality for control the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis is not suggested by this study. Conducting studies in which the location and technique of injection and the follow‐up intervals of patients in them are based on the standard of other studies, are the suggestions made by comparing the results and method of the current study with other studies.
Cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity are modified by maturational stage and exercise training status during youth
Authors: Talbot Jack S. , Perkins Dean R. , Tallon Christine M. , Dawkins Tony G. , Douglas Andrew J. M. , Beckerleg Ryan , Crofts Andrew , Wright Melissa E. , Davies Saajan , Steventon Jessica J. , Murphy Kevin , Lord Rachel N. , Pugh Christopher J. A. , Oliver Jon L. , Lloyd Rhodri S. , Ainslie Philip N. , McManus Ali M. , Stembridge Mike 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGlobal cerebral blood flow (gCBF) and cerebrovascular reactivity to hypercapnia () are modulated by gonadal hormone activity, while insulin‐like growth factor 1 facilitates exercise‐mediated cerebral angiogenesis in adults. Whether critical periods of heightened hormonal and neural development during puberty represent an opportunity to further enhance gCBF and is currently unknown. Therefore, we used duplex ultrasound to assess gCBF and in n = 128 adolescents characterised as endurance‐exercise trained (males: n = 30, females: n = 36) or untrained (males: n = 29, females: n = 33). Participants were further categorised as pre‐ (males: n = 35, females: n = 33) or post‐ (males: n = 24, females: n = 36) peak height velocity (PHV) to determine pubertal or ‘maturity’ status. Three‐factor ANOVA was used to identify main and interaction effects of maturity status, biological sex and training status on gCBF and . Data are reported as group means (SD). Pre‐PHV youth demonstrated elevated gCBF and slower mean response times than post‐PHV counterparts (both: P ≤ 0.001). gCBF was only elevated in post‐PHV trained males when compared to untrained counterparts (634 (43) vs. 578 (46) ml min−1; P = 0.007). However, mean response time was faster in pre‐ (72 (20) vs. 95 (29) s; P ≤ 0.001), but not post‐PHV (P = 0.721) trained youth when compared to untrained counterparts. Cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with gCBF in post‐PHV youth (r2 = 0.19; P ≤ 0.001) and mean response time in pre‐PHV youth (r2 = 0.13; P = 0.014). Higher cardiorespiratory fitness during adolescence can elevate gCBF while exercise training during childhood primes the development of cerebrovascular function, highlighting the importance of exercise training during the early stages of life in shaping the cerebrovascular phenotype.
Contributions of carotid bodies, retrotrapezoid nucleus neurons and preBötzinger complex astrocytes to the CO2‐sensitive drive for breathing
Authors: SheikhBahaei Shahriar , Marina Nephtali , Rajani Vishaal , Kasparov Sergey , Funk Gregory D. , Smith Jeffrey C. , Gourine Alexander V. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCurrent models of respiratory CO2 chemosensitivity are centred around the function of a specific population of neurons residing in the medullary retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN). However, there is significant evidence suggesting that chemosensitive neurons exist in other brainstem areas, including the rhythm‐generating region of the medulla oblongata – the preBötzinger complex (preBötC). There is also evidence that astrocytes, non‐neuronal brain cells, contribute to central CO2 chemosensitivity. In this study, we reevaluated the relative contributions of the RTN neurons, the preBötC astrocytes, and the carotid body chemoreceptors in mediating the respiratory responses to CO2 in experimental animals (adult laboratory rats). To block astroglial signalling via exocytotic release of transmitters, preBötC astrocytes were targeted to express the tetanus toxin light chain (TeLC). Bilateral expression of TeLC in preBötC astrocytes was associated with ∼20% and ∼30% reduction of the respiratory response to CO2 in conscious and anaesthetized animals, respectively. Carotid body denervation reduced the CO2 respiratory response by ∼25%. Bilateral inhibition of RTN neurons transduced to express Gi‐coupled designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drug (DREADDGi) by application of clozapine‐N‐oxide reduced the CO2 response by ∼20% and ∼40% in conscious and anaesthetized rats, respectively. Combined blockade of astroglial signalling in the preBötC, inhibition of RTN neurons and carotid body denervation reduced the CO2‐induced respiratory response by ∼70%. These data further support the hypothesis that the CO2‐sensitive drive to breathe requires inputs from the peripheral chemoreceptors and several central chemoreceptor sites. At the preBötC level, astrocytes modulate the activity of the respiratory network in response to CO2, either by relaying chemosensory information (i.e. they act as CO2 sensors) or by enhancing the preBötC network excitability to chemosensory inputs.
imageKey points
This study reevaluated the roles played by the carotid bodies, neurons of the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) and astrocytes of the preBötC in mediating the CO2‐sensitive drive to breathe.
The data obtained show that disruption of preBötC astroglial signalling, blockade of inputs from the peripheral chemoreceptors or inhibition of RTN neurons similarly reduce the respiratory response to hypercapnia.
These data provide further support for the hypothesis that the CO2‐sensitive drive to breathe is mediated by the inputs from the peripheral chemoreceptors and several central chemoreceptor sites.
Age‐related changes of skeletal muscle metabolic response to contraction are also sex‐dependent
Authors: Campbell Matthew D. , Djukovic Danijel , Raftery Daniel , Marcinek David J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMitochondria adapt to increased energy demands during muscle contraction by acutely altering metabolite fluxes and substrate oxidation. With age, an impaired mitochondrial metabolic response may contribute to reduced exercise tolerance and decreased skeletal muscle mass, specific force, increased overall fatty depositions in the skeletal muscle, frailty and depressed energy maintenance. We hypothesized that elevated energy stress in mitochondria with age alters the capacity of mitochondria to utilize different substrates following muscle contraction. To test this hypothesis, we used in vivo electrical stimulation to simulate high‐intensity intervals (HII) or low intensity steady‐state (LISS) exercise in young (5–7 months) and aged (27–29 months) male and female mice to characterize effects of age and sex on mitochondrial substrate utilization in skeletal muscle following contraction. Mitochondrial respiration using glutamate decreased in aged males following HII and glutamate oxidation was inhibited following HII in both the contracted and non‐stimulated muscle of aged female muscle. Analyses of the muscle metabolome of female mice indicated that changes in metabolic pathways induced by HII and LISS contractions in young muscle are absent in aged muscle. To test improved mitochondrial function on substrate utilization following HII, we treated aged females with elamipretide (ELAM), a mitochondrially‐targeted peptide shown to improve mitochondrial bioenergetics and restore redox status in aged muscle. ELAM removed inhibition of glutamate oxidation and showed increased metabolic pathway changes following HII, suggesting rescuing redox status and improving bioenergetic function in mitochondria from aged muscle increases glutamate utilization and enhances the metabolic response to muscle contraction in aged muscle.
imageKey points
Acute local contraction of gastrocnemius can systemically alter mitochondrial respiration in non‐stimulated muscle.
Age‐related changes in mitochondrial respiration using glutamate or palmitoyl carnitine following contraction are sex‐dependent.
Respiration using glutamate after high‐intensity contraction is inhibited in aged female muscle.
Metabolite level and pathway changes following muscle contraction decrease with age in female mice.
Treatment with the mitochondrially‐targeted peptide elamipretide can partially rescue metabolite response to muscle contraction.
Impact of Added Passive Compliance on the Performance of Tip-Actuated Flexible Manipulators
Authors: S. Barat , Surve Sushrut , Rana Rwik , Vadali Madhu , Palanthandalam-Madapusi Harish J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With their inherent compliance, flexible manipulator systems (FMSs) are increasingly finding new applications, such as robotic surgeries requiring safe interaction with the environment. While force-controlled FMSs are desirable, an added passive, compliant element can enhance safety while preserving performance. This paper explores the effects of added compliance on tip-actuated FMSs. A detailed analysis compares the impacts of additional compliance, and comparisons are made with a baseline no-compliance case. It is observed that the series compliance provides added safety but with some compromise on performance and stability. In contrast, parallel compliance improves stability and performance without compromising safety in interaction. While similar insights have been well-understood in the context of rigid-link robots, it is interesting to observe that additional series compliance in tip-actuated flexible manipulators is undesirable, unlike for rigid-link robots.