bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Replacing Monitoring Electrodes on Infant Skin Every 12 Versus 24 Hours
Authors: Demirci Kader , Uğur Esra , Öntürk Zehra Kan 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To examine the effect of varying the frequency of monitoring electrode replacement on skin moisture and condition of infants hospitalized in the pediatric ICU.

METHODS
The population of the study consisted of 1- to 12-month-old infants receiving treatment in the pediatric ICU. The control group of the study (n = 33) included infants whose monitoring electrodes were replaced every 24 hours during monitoring, and the experimental group (n = 33) included infants whose monitoring electrodes were replaced every 12 and 24 hours during monitoring. Before assessment, the skin moisture of the monitoring areas was measured and evaluated with the Skin Condition Assessment Scale.

RESULTS
When the difference in skin moisture was compared for all measurement areas of the infants before monitoring and at the 24-hour mark, an increase in moisture was seen in both groups, and the difference in the experimental group was greater than that in the control group. Increased moisture is a risk factor for medical device-related pressure injuries. When comparing between-group differences in skin condition, the researchers noted a greater increase in skin condition score in the experimental group. An increased score indicates that the infant's skin condition is worsening.

CONCLUSIONS
Replacing the monitoring electrodes every 24 hours positively affected skin moisture and condition, whereas replacing them every 12 hours negatively affected skin moisture and condition.
Polylactic Acid-Based Biomaterials in Wound Healing: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chen Hui Ling , Chung Joanne Wai Yee , Yan Vincent Chun Man , Wong Thomas Kwok Shing 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To examine (1) the effectiveness of polylactic acid (PLA)-based biomaterials in wound healing, (2) their effects on wound infection prevention, and (3) their safety compared with existing biomaterials.

DATA SOURCES
Data sources included PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), WEIPU, and WANFANG databases.

STUDY SELECTION
Investigators included 14 studies discussing the effects of PLA-based biomaterials in cutaneous wound healing published from 2000 to 2021.

DATA EXTRACTION
Authors extracted the following information from the selected studies: general information, study type, type of wound, PLA-based biomaterials and techniques, study period, outcome measures, and results.

DATA SYNTHESIS
Polylactic acid-based biomaterials may promote wound healing through wound area repair, collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and cell activities, which are related to the good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and moisture management properties of PLA. A proper product structure may also help. Both the native PLA materials and PLA blends seem to be antibacterial, although more evidence is needed for the native PLA products. Because there was no severe adverse event or obvious cytotoxicity observed in the included studies, PLA-based biomaterials are likely safe.

CONCLUSIONS
Polylactic acid-based biomaterials may be good wound dressing materials, although more evidence is needed to support their broader application in wound care.
Using an Elastomeric Skin Protectant to Manage Donor Site Wounds of Split-thickness Skin Grafts: A Case Series
Authors: Peters Ellen , Hanssens Valerie , De Henau Melissa , Dupont Yamina , Spinnael Jeannine , Giunta Gabriele , Zeltzer Assaf , De Baerdemaeker Randy , Hamdi Moustapha 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a common surgical procedure to manage acute and chronic wounds. A plethora of dressings exists to treat STSG donor site wounds (DSWs). Recently, a new elastomeric skin protectant was adopted (Cavilon Advanced Skin Protectant; 3M) in the treatment of incontinence-associated dermatitis. In this report, the authors assess the effects of this elastomeric skin protectant as an alternative wound dressing for STSG donor sites.
The authors report a single-center prospective case series that was performed to establish a treatment protocol. Nine consecutive patients with different indications for treatment with an STSG from May to September 2018 were included. Collected data included general patient information, comorbidities, complications, blood loss, pain during dressing change, and the duration of DSW healing.
This case series showed promising results in terms of duration of DSW healing when applying the elastomeric skin protectant. The authors also observed less blood loss and less pain during dressing changes. No infections were seen during the trial.
Safety of pharmacologically induced lactation
Authors: Thøgersen Patrick L. , Gotfredsen Ditte R. , Gade Christina , Horwitz Henrik , Andersen Jon T. 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Pharmacologically induced lactation has the potential to help parents of all sexes who wish to breastfeed their children without a preceding pregnancy, and the interest in this possibility is increasing. A combination of hormones, physical stimulation and domperidone to mimic the hormonal changes of pregnancy and birth can be used to induce lactation. However, off-label uses of estrogen, progestin and domperidone or metoclopramide in high doses and for a long period of time have been associated with adverse drug reactions. Before prescribing drugs for induced lactation, it is important to discuss and help manage the parent's expectations regarding the outcome and, in detail, discuss the potential risks.
A Modified Dissection of the Superomedial Pedicle
Authors: Fotiou Antonia , Savva Demetris , Vassiliou Andreas 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The superomedial pedicle is a widely used technique in mammaplasty, with various modifications formed over the years. This technique is often used in patients requiring major reduction in size, and optimization of the steps involved in the technique during the operation is of utmost importance to the plastic surgeon.

Methods:
We included 27 female patients who underwent mammaplasty between January 2018 and December 2020, with the modified superomedial pedicle technique. The technique of dissection is described in detail, by changing some of the steps of the pedicle dissection. We then assessed for patient satisfaction, complication rate, and operative duration, compared with a control group of 27 patients who underwent superomedial pedicle mammaplasty without the modification.

Result:
The use of this technique resulted in major reduction in operative time, with a similar complication rate and a high satisfaction rate among the patients.

Conclusion:
By changing some of the steps in the dissection of the superomedial pedicle, the surgeon can achieve optimal results and safety, with major gain in operative time reduction and surgical flexibility.
New keratoconus staging system based on OCT
Authors: Lu Nan-Ji , Hafezi Farhad , Koppen Carina , Alió del Barrio Jorge L. , Aslanides Ioannis M. , Awwad Shady T. , Ní Dhubhghaill Sorcha , Pineda Roberto , Torres-Netto Emilio A. , Wang Lin , Chen Shi-Hao , Cui Le-Le , Rozema Jos J. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
To establish a numerical spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)-based keratoconus (KC) staging system and compare it with existing KC staging systems.

Setting:
Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Designs:
Retrospective case-control study.

Methods:
Scheimpflug tomography, air-puff tonometry, and SD-OCT were performed on 236 normal and 331 KC eyes. All SD-OCT-derived parameters of the corneal epithelium and stroma were evaluated based on their receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity to discriminate between normal and KC eyes. The best performing parameters were subsequently used to create an OCT-based staging system, which was compared with existing tomographic and biomechanical staging systems.

Results:
236 eyes from 236 normal patients and 331 eyes from 331 KC patients of different stages were included. The highest ranked AUC ROC SD-OCT parameters, derived from stroma and epithelium, were stroma overall minimum thickness (ST: AUC 0.836, sensitivity 90%, specificity 67%) and epithelium overall SD (EP: AUC 0.835, sensitivity 75%, specificity 78%). A numerical SD-OCT staging system called STEP including 2 parameters—“ST” and “EP”—with 5 stages was proposed.

Conclusions:
The new SD-OCT-based KC staging system is the first to take the epithelium with its sublayer stroma information into account, showing a strong agreement to the existing staging systems. This system could be incorporated into daily practice, potentially leading to an overall improvement in KC treatment and follow-up management.
Placebo and nocebo responses in painful diabetic neuropathy: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Frisaldi Elisa , Vollert Jan , Al Sultani Husam , Benedetti Fabrizio , Shaibani Aziz 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This preregistered (CRD42021223379) systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to characterize the placebo and nocebo responses in placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN), updating the previous literature by a decade. Four databases were searched for PDN trials published in the past 20 years, testing oral medications, adopting a parallel-group design. Magnitude of placebo or nocebo responses, Cochrane risk of bias, heterogeneity, and moderators were evaluated. Searches identified 21 studies (2425 placebo-treated patients). The overall mean pooled placebo response was −1.54 change in the pain intensity from baseline [95% confidence interval (CI): −1.52, −1.56, I2 = 72], with a moderate effect size (Cohen d = 0.72). The pooled placebo 50% response rate was 25% [95% CI: 22, 29, I2 = 50%]. The overall percentage of patients with adverse events (AEs) in the placebo arms was 53.3% [95% CI: 50.9, 55.7], with 5.1% [95% CI: 4.2, 6] of patients dropping out due to AEs. The year of study initiation was the only significant moderator of placebo response (regression coefficient = −0.06, [95% CI: −0.10, −0.02, P = 0.007]). More recent RCTs tended to be longer, bigger, and to include older patients (N = 21, r
s = 0.455, P = 0.038, r
s = 0.600, P = 0.004, r
s = 0.472, P = 0.031, respectively). Our findings confirm the magnitude of placebo and nocebo responses, identify the year of study initiation as the only significant moderator of placebo response, draw attention to contextual factors such as confidence in PDN treatments, patients' previous negative experiences, intervention duration, and information provided to patients before enrollment.
Working from home: Changes in radiologist reporting behavior in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kuo Yu , Lee Kang-Lung , Chen Yi-Lun , Weng Ching-Yao , Chang Feng-Chi , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Wu Hsiu-Mei , Wu Chia-Hung 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Remote reporting is an important preventive measure against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for radiology departments; it reduces the chance of cross-infections between coworkers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how the preferred locations that radiologists filed reports from changed in response to COVID-19 by measuring the use of internal teleradiology workstations.

Methods:
Data were obtained from the radiological information system (RIS) database at our institution, which recorded the reporting workstation for each radiological examination. The reporting activities in 2021 were divided into computed radiography (CR) and computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) groups. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to measure differences in the use of off-site workstations in prepandemic, midpandemic, and postpandemic periods.

Results:
There were statistically significant increases in the number of reports filed from off-site workstations for each attending physician from the prepandemic period to the midpandemic period in both the CR (15.1%-25.4%, p = 0.041) and CT/MRI (18.9%-28.7%, p = 0.006) groups. There was no significant difference noted between the prepandemic and postpandemic periods for either the CR (15.1% vs 18.4%, p = 0.727) or CT/MRI group (18.9% vs 23.3%, p = 0.236).

Conclusion:
In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, radiologists used internal teleradiology to report CR and CT/MRI examinations significantly more frequently. In contrast to the predictions of previous studies, the use of internal teleradiology returned to baseline levels after the pandemic was under control.
Evaluation of the Real-time Teleradiology Consultation System in the Emergency Department
Authors: Gulacti Umut , Turgut Kasim , Aydin Irfan , Yavuz Erdal , Arslan Ebru , Aksoy Fatih Mehmet , Gurbuz Mustafa , Erten Burak , Ozcan Oguzhan 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:
Teleradiology involves the transmission of all radiological images to a radiologist in a remote location to ensure an accurate diagnosis. Although various teleradiology systems exist, there is not a fully accepted real-time interactive teleradiology system yet. In this study, we analyzed “the teleradiology consultation system which includes a real-time and instant messaging program (Skype®)” established in an emergency department.

Methods:
The consultations requested from the teleradiology system implemented in the emergency department (ED) of a Medical Faculty Training and Research Hospital were evaluated between January 2018 and June 2018 retrospectively.

Results:
A total of 18,284 teleconsultations were included in the study. The mean age of the patients who required teleconsultation was 40.6 ± 24.8 years (range: 0–109 years) and 10,069 (55.1%) were male. And 17,079 (93.4%) computed tomography (CT) was consulted. The majority of CT scans were cranial CT (n = 7113, 41.6%) and upper-lower abdominal CT (n = 5436, 31.8%). And 1205 magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs) (6.6%) were consulted. The majority of MRIs were diffusion MRIs (n = 975, 80.9%). The mean evaluation time of radiological imaging was 66.3 minutes. In 7238 (39.6%) of all consultations, a problem or a demand was reported via interactive communication by radiologists or emergency physicians. They are as follows; the desire to speed up delayed reports (33.0%, n = 2388), problems related to radiological images (32.0%, n = 2316); demand for correction of delay problems from health system technicians (11.6%, n = 839), incomplete reporting (6.6%, n = 477), demand for the acceleration of reports of critical patients (6.4%, n = 463), request for re-evaluation of radiological images (5.2%, n = 376), the demand for additional clinical information of the radiology doctor (2.0%, n = 144), asking radiology doctor the statements in the report or to request for disclosure of findings (1.1%, n = 78), the other reasons (2.0%, n = 144). All of these problems were answered with real-time interviews and solved. Conclusion: The teleradiology system is important in health institutions where there is no 7/24 radiologist.

Conclusions:
This study showed that the establishment of a teleradiology consultation system integrated with a messaging service in the ED might provide real-time and immediate resolution of the occurring problems.
Neophallus and Urethroplasty Revisions: Step-by-step Surgical Techniques and Key Reconstructive Maneuvers
Authors: Raheem Omer A. , Hajiyev Parviz , Al-Malki Ahmad , Kocjancic Ervin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of this video is to demonstrate step-by-step surgical techniques for neophallus and urethroplasty revisions, emphasizing key reconstructive maneuvers and improving patient outcomes.

Materials and Methods:
Neophallus and urethroplasty revisions can be challenging procedures associated with complications. We present a 25-year-old male with a history of ambiguous genitalia and micropenis due to 17-hydroxylase deficiency. The patient presented with bothersome penile skin redundancy at the base of the neophallus and a history of intermittent urinary incontinence, necessitating “milking the base of the neophallus” to completely evacuate his urethra. The patient also reported foul-smelling discharge with urine. Imaging evaluation, including retrograde urethrogram and voiding cystogram, revealed a smooth cystic dilatation of the posterior urethra with a normal bladder contour and capacity. Further evaluation with cystoscopy identified a Mullerian duct remnant in the urethra. We recommend surgical excision of the remnant and neophallus skin revision using intraoperative SPY Indocyanine green to carefully delineate the blood supply to the neophallus and mitigate potential risks and complications.

Results:
This paper demonstrates step-by-step surgical techniques for neophallus and urethroplasty revisions, highlighting key surgical maneuvers such as using intraoperative SPY Indocyanine green to delineate blood supply, excision of the Mullerian duct cystic lesion, and urethroplasty. These techniques aim to improve patient outcomes by addressing penile skin redundancy and urinary incontinence while minimizing potential complications.

Conclusion:
As neophallus reconstruction becomes increasingly common, familiarity with surgical anatomy, complications management, and outcomes is essential. This video provides a valuable resource for surgical education and may aid in the improvement of patient outcomes.
Molecular testing for indeterminate thyroid nodules: past, present, and future
Authors: Raghunathan Rajam , Praw Stephanie Smooke , Livhits Masha 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
To examine the origin, current progress, and future directions of molecular testing in indeterminate Bethesda III and Bethesda IV thyroid nodules.

Recent findings
The diagnostic performance of current genomic tests shows improved benign call rates, specificity and positive-predictive values over prior test versions. The choice of test platform for clinical use should consider test performance, institutional rate of malignancy, nodule cytology and the potential for prognostication to help guide decision-making. Current challenges include test reliability, defining the optimal duration of surveillance, and improving test performance in challenging cytology, such as oncocytic nodules and NIFTP. Opportunities also remain to optimize cost-effectiveness across multiple clinical and practice settings and to refine the use of molecular testing for dynamic risk stratification, such as with BRAF V600E mutation testing.

Summary
Molecular testing of indeterminate thyroid nodules has helped to reduce the burden of diagnostic surgery, associated healthcare costs, and potential complications. Current-generation tests have demonstrated improvement in diagnostic performance, but challenges remain in improving test performance and refining the scope of testing in care. Decision-making for the management of indeterminate thyroid nodules should consider cytology, clinical and sonographic features, patient values and preferences and molecular testing results, whenever available.
Idiopathic hypersomnia with a video recording of a spontaneous sleep attack: A case report
Authors: Asaga Takamasa , Hashimoto Kenichi , Kawamura Yusuke , Fujita Naoya , Kimata Motohiro , Sekizawa Akinori , Ono Yosuke , Obuchi Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Nanase , Hirasawa Hideto , Kanbayashi Takashi , Tanaka Yuji 
Published: August 2023

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p>
<p><strong>Rationale</strong>: Although patients with central disorders of hypersomnolence (CDH) exhibit characteristic symptoms of hypersomnia frequently, it takes 5–15 years from the onset for its diagnosis due to the lack of symptom recognition. Here, we present a case of idiopathic hypersomnia (IH), a CDH, wherein early diagnosis was aided by a video footage of a spontaneous sleep attack.</p>
<p><strong>Patient concerns</strong>: A 21-year-old man lost consciousness while driving and experienced an accident. He had complained of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) over half a year. During his hospitalization for close monitoring of the loss of consciousness, an in-room surveillance camera captured a 14-min long spontaneous sleep attack, during which he experienced general muscle weakness and loss of consciousness without warnings or convulsions leading to a fall from the bed. There were no abnormalities in vital signs.</p>
<p><strong>Diagnoses</strong>: There was no significant cataplexy and less than two sleep-onset rapid eye movements in two sleep latency tests, with a mean sleep latency of 2.1 and 4.6 minutes. Other sleep deprivation syndromes were excluded from differential diagnosis and finally a diagnosis of IH was confirmed according to the criteria of the Third Edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders. During the course of the disease, attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) and a gaming disorder also diagnosed. </p>
<p><strong>Interventions</strong>: Pharmacological treatment with modafinil was administered for IH and methylphenidate for ADHD. Cognitive behavioral therapy was performed for the gaming disorder.</p>
<p><strong>Outcomes</strong>: The EDS improved, and sleep attacks were no longer observed. The disruption of daily life caused by the gaming disorder was also reduced.</p>
<p><strong>Lessons</strong>: Video recordings of sleep attacks are beneficial for identifying the cause of loss of consciousness. Home video recordings may be helpful in the early diagnosis of IH.</p>
DNA Methylation Signatures of Functional Somatic Syndromes: Systematic Review
Authors: Fischer Susanne , Kleinstäuber Maria , Fiori Laura M. , Turecki Gustavo , Wagner Julia , von Känel Roland 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
Functional somatic syndromes (FSS) are highly prevalent across all levels of health care. The fact that they are characterized by medically unexplained symptoms, such as fatigue and pain, raises the important question of their underlying pathophysiology. Psychosocial stress represents a significant factor in the development of FSS and can induce long-term modifications at the epigenetic level. The aim of this review was to systematically review, for the first time, whether individuals with FSS are characterized by specific alterations in DNA methylation.

Methods
MEDLINE and PsycINFO were searched from the first available date to September 2022. The inclusion criteria were as follows: a) adults fulfilling the research diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia syndrome, and/or irritable bowel syndrome; b) healthy control group; and c) candidate-gene or genome-wide study of DNA methylation.

Results
Sixteen studies (N = 957) were included. In candidate-gene studies, specific sites within NR3C1 were identified, which were hypomethylated in individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome compared with healthy controls. In genome-wide studies in chronic fatigue syndrome, a hypomethylated site located to LY86 and hypermethylated sites within HLA-DQB1 were found. In genome-wide studies in fibromyalgia syndrome, differential methylation in sites related to HDAC4, TMEM44, KCNQ1, SLC17A9, PRKG1, ALPK3, TFAP2A, and LY6G5C was found.

Conclusions
Individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia syndrome seem to be characterized by altered DNA methylation of genes regulating cellular signaling and immune functioning. In chronic fatigue syndrome, there is preliminary evidence for these to be implicated in key pathophysiological alterations, such as hypocortisolism and low-grade inflammation, and to contribute to the debilitating symptoms these individuals experience.

Preregistration
PROSPERO identifier: CRD42022364720.