bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and risk factors for venous thromboembolism in the Cancer-VTE Registry stomach cancer subcohort
Authors: Yoshikawa Takaki , Sano Takeshi , Terashima Masanori , Yamaguchi Kensei , Bando Etsuro , Kawabata Ryohei , Yabusaki Hiroshi , Shinohara Hisashi , Oba Mari S. , Kimura Tetsuya , Takita Atsushi , Sasako Mitsuru 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background

The Cancer-VTE Registry was a large-scale, multicenter, prospective registry designed to investigate real-world data on venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence and risk factors in adult Japanese patients with solid tumors. This pre-specified subgroup analysis aimed to estimate the incidence of VTE, including VTE types other than symptomatic VTE, and identify risk factors of VTE in stomach cancer from the Cancer-VTE Registry.

Methods

Stage II–IV stomach cancer patients who planned to initiate cancer therapy and underwent VTE screening within 2 months before registration were enrolled.

Results
Of 1,896 patients enrolled, 131 (6.9%) had VTE at baseline, but 96.2% were asymptomatic. Female sex, age ≥ 65 years, VTE history, and D-dimer > 1.2 μg/mL were independent risk factors of VTE at baseline. Notably, patients with D-dimer > 1.2 µg/mL at the time of cancer diagnosis had an approximately 20-fold risk of VTE. During follow-up, event incidences were symptomatic VTE, 0.3%; incidental VTE requiring treatment, 1.1%; composite VTE, 1.4%; bleeding, 1.6%; cerebral infarction/transient ischemic attack/systemic embolic events, 0.7%; and all-cause death, 15.0%. The incidence of all-cause death was higher in patients with VTE vs without VTE at baseline (adjusted hazard ratio 1.67; 95% confidence interval 1.21–2.32; p = 0.002).

Conclusions
VTE prevalence at the time of cancer diagnosis was not negligible and was extremely high when the patients had high D-dimer. VTE screening by D-dimer before starting cancer treatment is advisable, even for asymptomatic patients, regardless of whether the patient is undergoing surgery or chemotherapy.

Trial registration
UMIN000024942.
French multicentre prospective evaluation of radiofrequency ablation in the management of haemorrhoidal disease
Authors: Laurain A. , Bouchard D. , Rouillon J.-M. , Petit P. , Liddo A. , Vinson Bonnet B. , Venara A. , Didelot J.-M. , Bonnaud G. , Senéjoux A. , Higuero T. , Delasalle P. , Tarrerias A.-L. , Devulder F. , Castinel A. , Thomas C. , Pillant Le Moult H. , Favreau-Weltzer C. , Abramowitz L. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the management of haemorrhoidal disease with 1 year’s follow-up.

Method
This prospective multicentre study assessed RFA (Rafaelo©) in outpatients with grade II–III haemorrhoids. RFA was performed in the operating room under locoregional or general anaesthesia. Primary endpoint was the evolution of a quality-of-life score adapted to the haemorrhoid pathology (HEMO-FISS-QoL) 3 months after surgery. Secondary endpoints were evolution of symptoms (prolapsus, bleeding, pain, itching, anal discomfort), complications, postoperative pain and medical leave.

Results
A total of 129 patients (69% men, median age 49 years) were operated on in 16 French centres. Median HEMO-FISS-QoL score dropped significantly from 17.4/100 to 0/100 (p < 0.0001) at 3 months. At 3 months, the rate of patients reporting bleeding (21% vs. 84%, p < 0.001), prolapse (34% vs. 91.3%, p < 0.001) and anal discomfort (0/10 vs. 5/10, p < 0.0001) decreased significantly. Median medical leave was 4 days [1–14]. Postoperative pain was 4/10, 1/10, 0/10 and 0/10 at weeks 1, 2, 3 and 4. Seven patients (5.4%) were reoperated on by haemorrhoidectomy for relapse, and three for complications. Reported complications were haemorrhage (3), dysuria (3), abscess (2), anal fissure (1), external haemorrhoidal thrombosis (10), pain requiring morphine (11). Degree of satisfaction was high (+ 5 at 3 months on a − 5/+ 5 scale).

Conclusion
RFA is associated with an improvement in quality of life and symptoms with a good safety profile. As expected for minimally invasive surgery, postoperative pain is minor with short medical leave.

Clinical trial registration and date
Clinical trial NCT04229784 (18/01/2020).
Optimal two-stage spatial sampling design for estimating critical parameters of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: Efficiency versus feasibility
Authors: Alleva G. , Arbia G. , Falorsi P. D. , Nardelli V. , Zuliani A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic presents an unprecedented clinical and healthcare challenge for the many medical researchers who are attempting to prevent its worldwide spread. It also presents a challenge for statisticians involved in designing appropriate sampling plans to estimate the crucial parameters of the pandemic. These plans are necessary for monitoring and surveillance of the phenomenon and evaluating health policies. In this respect, we can use spatial information and aggregate data regarding the number of verified infections (either hospitalized or in compulsory quarantine) to improve the standard two-stage sampling design broadly adopted for studying human populations. We present an optimal spatial sampling design based on spatially balanced sampling techniques. We prove its relative performance analytically in comparison to other competing sampling plans, and we also study its properties through a series of Monte Carlo experiments. Considering the optimal theoretical properties of the proposed sampling plan and its feasibility, we discuss suboptimal designs that approximate well optimality and are more readily applicable.
Hatching asynchrony as a parental reproductive strategy in birds: a review of causes and consequences
Authors: Węgrzyn Ewa , Węgrzyn Wiktor , Leniowski Konrad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBird parents may choose among various breeding strategies. From an evolutionary point of view the outcome of their choice is believed to provide the highest reproductive success in a given environment. However, some of the mechanisms underlying parental reproductive decisions are still poorly understood, for example the phenomenon of hatching asynchrony. Resultant age and size hierarchy among nest mates often lead to competitive disadvantages, starvation and death of last-hatched siblings. Although synchronised broods generally result in higher fledging success, altricial bird species typically hatch asynchronously. Various hypotheses were proposed and tested to explain this strategy. A quarter of a century has passed since the last review of research on hatching asynchrony. In the meantime the number of studies investigating the issue has considerably grown, same as the array of hypotheses. Our aim is to present a comprehensive synthesis of the research on 20 hypotheses presented until recently as well as to indicate the blind spots in the reviewed area—9 out of 20 formulated hypotheses still lack any experimental approach that would confirm or reject the assumptions.
Will your child take care of you in your old age? Unequal caregiving received by older parents from adult children in Sweden
Authors: von Saenger Isabelle , Dahlberg Lena , Augustsson Erika , Fritzell Johan , Lennartsson Carin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntergenerational family care provided to older parents by adult children is growing and differs based on gender and socioeconomic status. Few studies consider these elements in relation to both the parent and their adult child, and little is known about the number of care tasks received even though those providing intensive levels of care are at risk of experiencing adverse consequences in their lives. This study uses data from the nationally representative 2011 Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD) and includes child-specific information from parents aged 76 years and above. Analyses used ordinal logistic regression and are presented as average marginal effects and predictive margins. Results show that parents in need of care report that one-third of all adult children in the sample provide care to three out of five of them. The care is most often non-intensive, yet nearly one in ten of all children provide more intensive care of two or more tasks. When adjusting for dyad characteristics as well as geographic proximity, results show adult–child gender differences where parents receive more care from manual-working-class daughters than manual-working-class sons. Overall, manual-working-class daughters are most commonly reported as carers among adult children, and they are particularly overrepresented in providing intensive care. We conclude that gender and socioeconomic inequalities exist among care receivers’ adult children, even in a strong welfare state such as Sweden. Knowledge about levels and patterns of intergenerational care have important implications for how to reduce unequal caregiving.
Interrelationships between practice, standardisation and innovation in geotechnical earthquake engineering
Authors: Pecker Alain 
Published: April 2023

AbstractConstruction of large civil engineering structures in seismic areas is facing real challenges. Constructions are expected to be safe, sustainable and resilient after the earthquake despite, more than often, harsh environmental conditions and significant uncertainties in the hazard conditions (geotechnical and seismic). In the case of exceptional structures, few, if any, similar structures have been constructed in the same environment, and designers may feel helpless because they cannot rely on past experience, full scale models or standards, which do not cover exceptional structures. This is a typical situation where innovation may make a project feasible. However, innovation, which is to be distinguished from research conducted by academics, must obey certain rules to be effective and accepted by the community. These features are illustrated by few examples of exceptional civil engineering structures in earthquake prone areas; these examples also serve to highlight the interrelationships between practice, standardisation, education and innovation. All these activities, although carried out by different categories of people, benefit from each other to advance the civil engineering profession.
Comparison between Bayesian updating and approximate Bayesian computation for model identification of masonry towers through dynamic data
Authors: Monchetti Silvia , Viscardi Cecilia , Betti Michele , Clementi Francesco 
Published: April 2023

AbstractModel updating procedures based on experimental data are commonly used in case of historic buildings to identify numerical models that are subsequently employed to assess their structural behaviour. The reliability of these models is closely related to their ability to account for all the uncertainties that are involved in the knowledge process. In this regard, to handle these uncertainties and quantify their propagation, Bayesian inference is frequently employed being able to deal with the effects of parameter uncertainty, observation errors and model inadequacy. The computation of the posterior distribution through Bayesian inference needs–however–the evaluation of the likelihood function, which requires solving complex multi-dimensional integration problems. To bridge this shortcoming, the paper compares two Bayesian inference approaches to show how different approximations affect the results of simulated inference: a discrete approach for the likelihood computation in the Bayesian Model Updating (BMU) and a Monte Carlo likelihood-free method known as Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) are reported. As reference, the typology of historic masonry towers was considered by using their natural frequencies as experimental data for model updating. The two procedures provide very similar results supporting the validity of both methods despite ABC turns out to be a more flexible approach.
The Promising Antibacterial and Anticancer Activity of Green Synthesized Zinc Nanoparticles in Combination with Silver and Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Abdelsattar Abdallah S. , Kamel Azza G. , Hussein Assmaa H. , Azzam Mohamed , Makky Salsabil , Rezk Nouran , Essam Kareem , Agwa Mona M. , El-Shibiny Ayman 
Published: April 2023

AbstractZinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) are showing promising medical applications. However, their cytotoxicity is relatively high. This study aims to use a green synthesis technique based on the natural propolis (honeybees glue) and produce three counterparts of Zinc nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs, AuNPs@ZnO and AgNPs@ZnO). Then, the three would be analyzed for their potential antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. The study compares the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-NPs alone to its combination with gold and silver (AuNPs@ZnO and AgNPs@ZnO). The results showed that AgNPs@ZnO had contributed significantly to antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, AuNPs@ZnO and AgNPs@ZnO showed similar cytotoxicity to ZnO-NPs with higher safety. Furthermore, the Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopes’ micrographs (SEM and TEM) displayed the biosynthesized ZnNPs that have a spherical shape with sizes ranging from 17 to 70 nm, from 45 to 75 nm, and from 22 to 73 nm for ZnONPs, ZnO-AgNPs, free AgNPs, and ZnO-AuNPs, respectively. In addition, zeta potential values for ZnONPs were 11.4 mV, while ZnO-AgNPs and ZnO-AuNPs have a higher overall charge of 13.6 mV and 23.9 mV, respectively. Furthermore, ZnNPs exhibited antibacterial activity, yet AgNPs@ZnO demonstrated the highest antibacterial action against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, cytotoxicity analyses of biosynthesized ZnNPs on three cell lines; breast cancer cell (MCF-7), liver cancer cell (HepG-2) and Human skin fibroblast (HSF) revealed that Zn-NPs in a combination could function as an anticancer agent. Therefore, there are promising medical applications for the biosynthesized ZnNPs in combinations with other metals, such as ZnO-AgNPs, as safe antibacterial and anticancer medicines.

Graphical Abstract
Highly sensitive V-shaped SPR PCF biosensor for cancer detection
Authors: Abdelghaffar M. , Gamal Yusuf , El-Khoribi Reda A. , Soliman Wafaa , Badr Y. , Hameed Mohamed Farhat O. , Obayya S. S. A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a novel design of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is introduced and analyzed for cancer cell detection. The full vectorial finite element method (FVFEM) is used throughout the numerical analysis of the suggested biosensor. The reported PCF has a V-shaped surface that is coated with ZrN as a plasmonic material. A coupling occurs between the core guided mode and surface plasmon mode SPM which depends on the studied analyte. Such a coupling is improved by using the suggested V-shape geometry which increases the sensor sensitivity.The geometrical parameters are optimized to achieve high sensor sensitivity. The proposed biosensor has high optical sensitivity of 6214.28, 3800, and 5008.33 nm/RIU, for quasi-transverse magnetic (TM), and 6000 nm/RIU, 4400 nm/RIU, and 5333.3 nm/RIU, for quasi-transverse magnetic (TE), for breast, basal, and cervical cancer cells, respectively. The reported optical sensor can pave the way for efficient and simple technique for cancer detection with low cost and high sensitivity instead of surgical and chemical techniques.
A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the incidence of serious or severe hypersensitivity reactions after administration of ferric derisomaltose or ferric carboxymaltose
Authors: Kennedy Nicholas A. , Achebe Maureen M. , Biggar Patrick , Pöhlmann Johannes , Pollock Richard F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntravenous iron is the preferred treatment for patients with iron deficiency anemia in a variety of clinical situations. Although uncommon, administration of modern IV iron formulations can result in hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) and, rarely, anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions.AimThe objective of the present study was to systematically review the literature to identify and analyze data on the incidence of HSRs after administration of ferric derisomaltose (FDI) or ferric carboxymaltose (FCM).MethodA prospectively-registered systematic literature review was conducted to identify prospective randomized controlled trials comparing FDI and FCM with other intravenous iron formulations or oral iron. Searches were conducted in PubMed (including MEDLINE), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library in November 2020. The relative incidence of serious or severe HSRs occurring on the day or day after dosing of intravenous iron, recorded under the standardized Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities query for anaphylactic reaction.ResultsData were obtained from seven randomized controlled trials of FCM (N = 2683) and ten of FDI (N = 3474) enrolling 10,467 patients in total. The number of patients experiencing any serious or severe HSR event was 29/2683 (1.08%) with FCM versus 5/3474 with FDI (0.14%). Bayesian inference of proportions showed the event rates to be significantly lower with FDI relative to FCM.ConclusionHSR events were uncommon with both intravenous iron formulations; however, the present study showed a significantly lower incidence of HSRs with FDI relative to FCM. Further large-scale, head-to-head trials of the iron formulations would be required to confirm this finding.
Comparison Theorems for Stochastic Chemical Reaction Networks
Authors: Campos Felipe A. , Bruno Simone , Fu Yi , Del Vecchio Domitilla , Williams Ruth J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractContinuous-time Markov chains are frequently used as stochastic models for chemical reaction networks, especially in the growing field of systems biology. A fundamental problem for these Stochastic Chemical Reaction Networks (SCRNs) is to understand the dependence of the stochastic behavior of these systems on the chemical reaction rate parameters. Towards solving this problem, in this paper we develop theoretical tools called comparison theorems that provide stochastic ordering results for SCRNs. These theorems give sufficient conditions for monotonic dependence on parameters in these network models, which allow us to obtain, under suitable conditions, information about transient and steady-state behavior. These theorems exploit structural properties of SCRNs, beyond those of general continuous-time Markov chains. Furthermore, we derive two theorems to compare stationary distributions and mean first passage times for SCRNs with different parameter values, or with the same parameters and different initial conditions. These tools are developed for SCRNs taking values in a generic (finite or countably infinite) state space and can also be applied for non-mass-action kinetics models. When propensity functions are bounded, our method of proof gives an explicit method for coupling two comparable SCRNs, which can be used to simultaneously simulate their sample paths in a comparable manner. We illustrate our results with applications to models of enzymatic kinetics and epigenetic regulation by chromatin modifications.
Minnelide Markedly Reduces Proteinuria in Mice with Adriamycin Nephropathy by Protecting Against Podocyte Injury
Authors: Ji Baowei , Liu Junchao , Ma Yanli , Yin Ye , Xu Hong , Shen Qian , Yu Jian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Minimal change disease (MCD) is the most common cause of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children. The current major therapy is hormones for most steroid-sensitive patients. However, many patients have recurrent relapses of the disease and require long-term immunosuppression, leading to significant morbidity due to the side effects of the drugs. Therefore, better drugs need to be urgently explored to treat nephrotic syndrome while avoiding the side effects of drugs. Minnelide, a water-soluble prodrug of triptolide, has been proved to be effective in treating cancers in many clinical trials. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of minnelide in mice with adriamycin (ADR) nephropathy, its underlying protection mechanisms, and its reproductive toxicity. Minnelide was administered intraperitoneally to 6–8-week female mice with adriamycin nephropathy for 2 weeks, and the urine, blood, and kidney tissues were taken to analyze the therapeutic effect. In addition, we evaluated reproductive toxicity by measuring the levels of gonadal hormones and observing the histological changes in ovaries and testes. Primary mouse podocytes were exposed to puromycin (PAN) to damage the cytoskeleton and induce apoptosis, and then, triptolide was used to evaluate the therapeutic effect and underlying protection mechanisms in vitro. It was observed that minnelide dramatically alleviated proteinuria and apoptosis in mice with adriamycin nephropathy. In vitro, triptolide ameliorated puromycin-induced cytoskeletal rearrangement and apoptosis via reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathway. In addition, minnelide caused no reproductive toxicity to male and female mice. The results suggested that minnelide might be a promising drug for nephrotic syndrome.
Microporosity evolution and destruction in the Jurassic Arab D reservoir, Qatar
Authors: Sadooni F. N. , Al-Kuwari H. Al-Saad , Sakhaee-Pour A. , Mattar W. S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCore samples were collected from three wells, one onshore and two offshore, from Qatar’s Upper Jurassic Arab D reservoir. The samples were subjected to multiproxy petrographic and chemical analyses to identify their micro- and nanoporosity types and understand their evolution and destruction. Based on the petrographic and petrophysical properties of studied rocks, the Arab D succession was divided into seven rock types. Primary microporosity includes intergranular and interplanar, while secondary types include vuggy, intercrystalline, moldic, dissolution, pyrite displacement, microfracture, and microbial boring. Primary micropores were found mainly between the micrite grains in the lime mudstone facies, between the grains or the plates of clay minerals. Secondary micropores result from open and closed diagenetic systems. The open diagenetic system led to the development of dissolution and moldic micropores, while the closed system created pyrite displacement and boring porosity. Mechanical stress due to crystal growth or displacement generated microfractures. Micropores were destroyed either by cementation, clay minerals growth, dolomitization, or microbial pustular overgrowth. Microporosity was important in quantity and varied in nature in the mud-supported rocks. They are similar to macropores in grain-supported sediments but of less importance. The complex lithology of the studied rocks has significantly influenced the development and destruction of the porosity system of the Arab Formation.