bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of drug carrier smart ferrogels and application of artificial neural network in modeling their doxorubicin release behavior under alternating magnetic fields
Authors: Boztepe Cihangir , Vanlı Tuğçe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of magnetic field‐sensitive smart drug delivery systems with superior properties has become an area of increasing academic and industrial importance. In this study, smart poly(NIPAAm‐co‐VSA)‐rGO/Fe3O4 ferrogels with varying concentrations of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were synthesized. Fe3O4 nanoparticles loaded ferrogels were obtained by the in situ reduction of Fe ions. The morphologic, structural, and magnetic properties of ferrogel systems were characterized. Doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded to the synthesized ferrogels by solution impregnation method and their heating and drug release behavior over time under alternating magnetic field AMFs of 1.37, 1.64, and 1.91 millitesla (mT) were investigated. The drug loading and releasing characteristics of the ferrogel series were calculated. When the experimental results were examined, it was determined that the amount of rGO in the structure of the developed ferrogel systems had a very high effect on the magnetic, heating, and drug loading‐release characteristics of the ferrogels. To modeling their multivariable DOX release behavior, artificial neural network modeling technique was used. Calculated model performance parameters have shown that this developed artificial intelligence technique has great success in modeling complex and nonlinear DOX release behaviors.
Hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement guiding nonselective beta‐blocker therapy in a patient with clinically significant portal hypertension
Authors: Wang Kun , Tian Minghui , Zhang Linpeng , Liu Shanghao , Guo Xiaoqing , Ma Jianzhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH), defined as a hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) ≥ 10 mmHg, is an independent risk factor for decompensated events in patients with compensated cirrhosis. Currently, the Baveno VII consensus recommends using nonselective beta‐blockers to treat compensated cirrhosis in patients with CSPH. Here, we report a unusual case of compensated cirrhosis with CSPH caused by hepatitis B, and we successfully adjust NSBBs drug treatment strategies monitoring by HVPG results and achieve response standards. Timely adjustment of NSBBs drug treatment strategies based on HVPG test results for patients with CSPH can improve the final response rate.
Population pharmacokinetics of atacicept in systemic lupus erythematosus: An analysis of three clinical trials
Authors: Pitsiu Maria , Yalkinoglu Özkan , Farrell Colm , Girard Pascal , Vazquez‐Mateo Cristina , Papasouliotis Orestis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractB cell stimulating factor (BLyS) and a proliferation‐inducing ligand (APRIL) are targets for novel treatments in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Atacicept is a recombinant, soluble fusion protein that blocks BLyS and APRIL activity. This study characterized the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of atacicept using a population PK model and identified covariates explaining the PK variability. Total atacicept concentrations from a phase I study in healthy volunteers and two phase II studies in patients with SLE, using subcutaneous administration, were modeled using a quasi‐steady‐state approximation of the target‐mediated drug disposition model with first‐order absorption. The model included 3640 serum atacicept concentration records from 37 healthy volunteers and 503 patients with SLE and described total atacicept concentrations of the three trials, providing precise estimates of all parameters. Body weight and baseline BLyS concentration were the only statistically significant covariates, whereas no differences were found between patients and healthy volunteers. Apparent clearance and volume of the central compartment increased with body weight and initial target concentration increased with baseline BLyS. The change on atacicept exposure was moderate, with a difference in area under the curve compared with the median of 20%–32% for body weight, and 7%–18% for BLyS. Therefore, the effects of these covariates on atacicept exposure are not expected to be clinically relevant. The model described the complete total atacicept concentration–time profiles without finding any differences between healthy subjects and patients with SLE and supports the 150 mg once weekly dose for further trials.
Guided analysis of ambient ionization mass spectrometry data with the MQ_Assistant
Authors: Guillén‐Alonso Héctor , García‐Rojas Nancy Shyrley , Winkler Robert 
Published: June 2023

RationaleAmbient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) delivers realistic data from samples in their native state. In addition, AIMS methods reduce time and costs for sample preparation and have less environmental impact. However, AIMS data are often complex and require substantial processing before interpretation.MethodsWe developed an interactive R script for guided mass spectrometry (MS) data processing. The “MQ_Assistant” is based on MALDIquant, a popular R package for MS data processing. In each step, the user can try and preview the effect of chosen parameters before deciding on the values with the best result and proceeding to the next stage. The outcome of the MQ_Assistant is a feature matrix that can be further analyzed in R and statistics tools such as MetaboAnalyst.ResultsUsing 360 AIMS example spectra, we demonstrate the step‐by‐step processing for creating a feature matrix. In addition, we show how to visualize the results of three biological replicates of a plant–microbe interaction between Arabidopsis and Trichoderma as a heatmap using R and upload them to MetaboAnalyst. The final parameter set can be saved for reuse in MALDIquant workflows of similar data.ConclusionsThe MQ_Assistant helps novices and experienced users to develop workflows for (AI)MS data processing. The interactive procedure supports the quick finding of appropriate settings. These parameters can be exported and reused in future projects. The stepwise operation with visual feedback also suggests the use of the MQ_Assistant in education.
Growing uniform planar maps face by face
Authors: Caraceni Alessandra , Stauffer Alexandre 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe provide “growth schemes” for inductively generating uniform random ‐angulations of the sphere with faces, as well as uniform random simple triangulations of the sphere with faces. In the case of ‐angulations, we provide a way to insert a new face at a random location in a uniform ‐angulation with faces in such a way that the new map is precisely a uniform ‐angulation with faces. Similarly, given a uniform simple triangulation of the sphere with faces, we describe a way to insert two new adjacent triangles so as to obtain a uniform simple triangulation of the sphere with faces. The latter is based on a new bijective presentation of simple triangulations that relies on a construction by Poulalhon and Schaeffer.
Carbon Dots as a Fluorescent Probe for Appraising Morphology‐Dependent Free‐Radical‐Scavenging Properties of CuO Nanostructures
Authors: Konar Suraj , Salam Shaik Md. Abdus , Samanta Dipanjan , Shaw Manisha , Basu Rajarshi , Mahto Madhusudan Kr. , Mondal Imran , Pathak Amita 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFree radical scavenging property of different ligand directed nanostructures of CuO (rod‐, sphere, flower‐, and star‐shaped) prepared through aqueous based chemical precipitation route using various carboxylic acids (viz. tartaric acid, citric acid and acetic acid) have been investigated using N,S co‐doped carbon dots (NSCDs) as a novel fluorescent probe which is validated through diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and EPR study. The rod shaped nanostructures having the highest negative surface potential and lowest BET surface area compared to other morphologies, were found to show the highest radical scavenging ability which was corroborated with the maximum decrease of the DPPH absorption peak in UV‐vis spectra, largest attenuation of the DPPH free radical signal in EPR intensity and the maximum quenching of the fluorescent intensity of the NSCDs probe.
Ring‐B Modification of Combretastatin A‐4 to Generate Thiazolidine‐2,4‐dione‐1,2,3‐triazole Hybrids as Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors
Authors: Vanaparthy Advaitha , Bokkala Karthik , Thirukovela Narasimha Swamy , Sirassu Narsimha , Manchal Ravinder , Srinivas Bandari , Nukala Satheesh Kumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work we have described the synthesis of thiazolidine‐2,4‐dione‐1,2,3‐triazole hybrids (7 a–n) via ring‐B modification of Combretastatin A‐4 involving reactions namely Knoevenagel condensation, O‐propargylation and finally copper (I) catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). They were tested for the in vitro anticancer activity against A549, MCF‐7 and HeLa cell lines using MTT assay where some compounds were exhibited more potency than the Nocodazole. In vitro tubulin polymerization inhibition assay for the same compounds revealed that they were more potent in inhibiting tubulin with IC50 values ranging from 0.22 μM to 0.64 μM compared reference drug Combretastatin A‐4. Molecular docking studies of active compounds with α,β‐tubulin revealed that they compounds have more binding energies than that of combretastatin A‐4. Finally, in silico pharmacokinetic profile was achieved for the same compounds using SWISS/ADME and pkCSM, where some of them have followed Lipinski rule and Veber rule.
Translating and validating the sources of pressure scale: Job stressors among Chinese government employees
Authors: Yang Fengyin , Li Yong , Stetson Randall 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, stress‐related suicides have been on the rise among Chinese government employees. Standardized instruments on job stress are abundant, but few of them have been administered and validated among Chinese government employees. Using convenience samples of Chinese government employees, this study aimed to translate and validate the Sources of Pressure Scale (SPS) of the Pressure Management Indicator (PMI), which is a comprehensive instrument on job stress developed by western researchers. Sample 1 participants (n = 278) filled out the PMI questionnaire and the Kessler Psychological Distress scale in person and sample 2 participants (n = 227) completed the same questionnaires online. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted using separate samples. Though the original SPS contained 40 items and eight dimensions, our analyses validated a much shorter version, with four dimensions encompassing 15 items: relationships (5 items), home‐work balance (4 items), recognition (3 items), and personal responsibilities (3 items). Also reported in the study is evidence that the shortened version of the the PMI is the Sources of Pressure Scale is a reliable and valid measure of job stressors among Chinese government employees. Government agencies in China can use these findings to develop more relevant organizational‐level interventions to reduce job stress and its detrimental consequences.
Histone methyltransferase enzyme enhancer of zeste homolog 2 counteracts ischemic brain injury via H3K27me3‐mediated regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Miao , Fan Limin , Wu Guoping , Wang Hairong , Gu Shuo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEpigenetic histone methylation plays a crucial role in cerebral ischemic injury, particularly in the context of ischemic stroke. However, the complete understanding of regulators involved in histone methylation, such as Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), along with their functional effects and underlying mechanisms, remains incomplete.MethodsHere, we employed a rat model of MCAO (Middle cerebral artery occlusion) and an OGD (Oxygen‐Glucose Deprivation) model of primary cortical neurons to study the role of EZH2 and H3K27me3 in cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury. The infarct volume was measured through TTC staining, while cell apoptosis was detected using TUNEL staining. The mRNA expression levels were quantified through quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), whereas protein expressions were evaluated via western blotting and immunofluorescence experiments.ResultsThe expression levels of EZH2 and H3K27me3 were upregulated in OGD; these expression levels were further enhanced by GSK‐J4 but reduced by EPZ‐6438 and AKT inhibitor (LY294002) under OGD conditions. Similar trends were observed for mTOR, AKT, and PI3K while contrasting results were noted for UTX and JMJD3. The phosphorylation levels of mTOR, AKT, and PI3K were activated by OGD, further stimulated by GSK‐J4, but inhibited by EPZ‐6438 and AKT inhibitor. Inhibition of EZH2 or AKT effectively counteracted OGD‐/MCAO‐induced cell apoptosis. Additionally, inhibition of EZH2 or AKT mitigated MCAO‐induced infarct size and neurological deficit in vivo.ConclusionsCollectively, our results demonstrate that EZH2 inhibition exerts a protective effect against ischemic brain injury by modulating the H3K27me3/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. The results provide novel insights into potential therapeutic mechanisms for stroke treatment.
ANRIL regulating the secretion of Muc5ac induced by atmospheric PM2.5 via NF‐κB pathway in Beas‐2B cells
Authors: Zhou Liting , Zhu Ying , Zhang Tianrong , Zhang Ruxuan , Liu Ying , Li Xu , Zhao Weisen , Ye Jiaming , Ju Ye , Ye Lin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPM2.5 can cause airway inflammation and promote the excessive secretion of mucin 5ac (Muc5ac), which can further induce many respiratory diseases. Antisense non‐coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) might regulate the inflammatory responses mediated by nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway. Beas‐2B cells were used to clarify the role of ANRIL in the secretion of Muc5ac induced by PM2.5. The siRNA was used to silence ANRIL expression. Normal and gene silenced Beas‐2B cells were respectively exposed to different doses of PM2.5 for 6, 12, and 24 h. The survival rate of Beas‐2B cells was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and Muc5ac levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of NF‐κB family genes and ANRIL were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The levels of NF‐κB family proteins and NF‐κB family phosphorylated proteins were determined using Western blot. Immunofluorescence experiments were performed to observe the nuclear transposition of RelA. PM2.5 exposure increased the levels of Muc5ac, IL‐1β and TNF‐α, and ANRIL gene expression (p < .05). With the dose and time of PM2.5 exposure increasing, the protein levels of inhibitory subunit of nuclear factor kappa‐B alpha (IκB‐α), RelA, and NF‐κB1 decreased, the protein levels of phosphorylated RelA (p‐RelA) and phosphorylated NF‐κB1 (p‐NF‐κB1) increased, and RelA nuclear translocation increased, which indicated that the NF‐κB signaling pathway was activated (p < .05). Silencing ANRIL could decrease the levels of Muc5ac, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, decrease NF‐κB family genes expression, inhibit the degradation of IκB‐α and the activation of NF‐κB pathway (p < .05). ANRIL played a regulatory role in the secretion of Muc5ac and the inflammation induced by atmospheric PM2.5 via NF‐κB pathway in Beas‐2B cells. ANRIL could be a target for prevention and treatment of the respiratory diseases caused by PM2.5.
Globalization and decarbonization: Changing strategies of global oil and gas companies
Authors: Guo Yue , Yang Yu , Bradshaw Michael , Wang Chang , Blondeel Mathieu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOil and gas (O&G) companies, as key players in the contemporary global energy landscape, have evolved within the context of a dynamic interaction between states and markets. However, their role is being transformed radically by two successive “global shifts”: economic globalization—driving energy demand growth patterns—and climate change—driving energy system transformation and decarbonization, both of which require them to reconsider their business strategies. Using an interdisciplinary lens that draws on human geography, strategy and international business, and international political economy, we propose an integrated conceptual framework for two periods—the 1990s–early 2010s and the post‐Paris Agreement era—to explore the nature of strategic responses by O&G companies to these global economic and environmental shifts. We illustrate the linkage of O&G companies' two strategies of (re‐)globalization and decarbonization by the aspects of production, finance, and knowledge as internal structures. Energy security is one of the priorities in the macro external environment. It is becoming increasingly difficult for O&G companies to deal with current dilemmas: climate goals require a significant reduction in fossil fuel production and consumption, and pressures from governments, nongovernmental organizations, and investors threaten the long‐term survival of O&G companies, while fossil fuel demand will remain high in the short to medium term. At the same time, the post‐pandemic recovery and Russia's war in Ukraine are resulting in a re‐assessment of the benefits of unfettered globalization. Therefore, global O&G companies face dual challenges in the new era of (re‐)globalization and decarbonization and need to make changes to ensure their future viability.This article is categorized under:
The Carbon Economy and Climate Mitigation > Decarbonizing Energy and/or Reducing Demand
Additive problems with almost prime squares
Authors: Blomer Valentin , Grimmelt Lasse , Li Junxian , Rydin Myerson Simon L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe show that every sufficiently large integer is a sum of a prime and two almost prime squares, and also a sum of a smooth number and two almost prime squares. The number of such representations is of the expected order of magnitude. We likewise treat representations of shifted primes $$p-1$$

p
-
1

as sums of two almost prime squares. The methods involve a combination of analytic, automorphic and algebraic arguments to handle representations by restricted binary quadratic forms with a high degree of uniformity.
First skeletochronological analysis on loggerhead yearlings (Caretta caretta) in the Canary Islands
Authors: Usategui-Martín Alejandro , Valverde Roldán A. , Ostiategui-Francia Patricia , Fariñas-Bermejo A. , Paz-Sánchez Yania , Liria-Loza Ana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractKnowing the age of individuals in a population is crucial to devise appropriate conservation strategies, especially on endangered long-lived species such as sea turtles. Sea turtles do not have external morphologic characters that indicate their age; therefore, age has been estimated by indirect methods such as biometric measurements or skeletochronological analysis. Previous skeletochronological studies have determined that sea turtle age can be estimated with skeletal growth marks (GMs) produced by annual seasonality. This study focused on the skeletochronological analysis of known-age loggerheads reared under seminatural conditions, showing that sea turtles kept under natural photoperiod and seawater temperature seasonality and fed periodically, did not present visible GMs. However, the animals suffering health problems affecting their growth did exhibit GMs. This suggests that skeletochronological studies in sea turtles must be taken with caution at least at early life stages and for the northeast Atlantic loggerhead population. Additionally, this study showed that seawater temperature seasonality strongly influences sea turtles’ growth rates.
Ward-level leadership quality and prospective low-back pain of eldercare workers: do resident handlings mediate the association?
Authors: Januario Leticia Bergamin , Mathiassen Svend Erik , Holtermann Andreas , Bergström Gunnar , Stevens Matthew Leigh , Rugulies Reiner , Hallman David 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
We investigated the extent to which ward-level leadership quality was associated with prospective low-back pain among eldercare workers, and how this association was mediated by observed resident handlings.

Methods
530 Danish eldercare workers, employed in 121 wards, distributed across 20 nursing homes were evaluated. At baseline, leadership quality was measured using the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, and resident handlings [handlings per shift, handlings not using assistive devices, handlings done alone, interruptions to handlings, impediments to handlings] were assessed using observations. Frequency and intensity of low-back pain was assessed monthly during the following year. All variables were averaged for each ward. We used ordinary least squares regressions to examine direct effects of leadership on low-back pain and indirect effects through handlings, using PROCESS-macro for SPSS.

Results
After adjustments for low-back pain at baseline, type of ward, staff ratio (i.e., number of workers divided by number of residents) and proportion of devices not in place, leadership quality showed no effect on prospective low-back pain frequency (β = 0.01 [− 0.05:0.07]) and a small beneficial effect on pain intensity (β = − 0.02 [− 0.04:0.00]). Resident handlings did not mediate the association between leadership quality and frequency or intensity of low-back pain.

Conclusions
Good leadership quality was associated with a small decrease in prospective low-back pain intensity, but resident handlings did not seem to play a mediating role, although better ward-level leadership quality contributed to fewer workplace-observed resident handlings without assistance. Potentially, organizational factors, such as type of ward and staff ratio, may have a greater influence on handlings and low-back pain than leadership quality per se among eldercare workers.
Prognostic differences in grading and metastatic lymph node pattern in patients with small bowel neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Reinhard Lisa , Mogl Martina T. , Benz Fabian , Dukaczewska Agata , Butz Frederike , Dobrindt Eva Maria , Tacke Frank , Pratschke Johann , Goretzki Peter E. , Jann Henning 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Neuroendocrine tumors of the small
intestine (si-NET) describe a heterogenous group of neoplasms. Based on the Ki67 proliferation index si-NET are divided into G1 (Ki67 < 2%), G2 (Ki67 3–20%) and rarely G3 (Ki67 > 20%) tumors. However, few studies evaluate the impact of tumor grading on prognosis in si-NET. Moreover, si-NET can form distinct lymphatic spread patterns to the mesenteric root, aortocaval lymph nodes, and distant organs. This study aims to identify prognostic factors within the lymphatic spread patterns and grading.

Methods
Demographic, pathological, and surgical data of 208 (90 male, 118 female) individuals with si-NETs treated at Charité University Medicine Berlin between 2010 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.

Results
A total of 113 (54.5%) specimens were defined as G1 and 93 (44.7%) as G2 tumors. Interestingly, splitting the G2 group in two subgroups: G2 low (Ki67 3–9%) and G2 high (Ki67 10–20%), displayed significant differences in overall survival (OS) (p = 0.008) and progression free survival (PFS) (p = 0.004) between these subgroups. Remission after surgery was less often achieved in patients with higher Ki67 index (> 10%). Lymph node metastases (N +) were present in 174 (83.6%) patients. Patients with isolated locoregional disease showed better PFS and OS in comparison to patients with additional aortocaval and distant lymph node metastases.

Conclusion
Lymphatic spread pattern influences patient outcome. In G2 tumors, low and high grading shows heterogenous outcome in OS and PFS. Differentiation within this group might impact follow-up, adjuvant treatment, and surgical strategy.