bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of decarbonization of high carbon fly ash on workability, mechanical properties and durability of concrete
Authors: Zhu Yaguang , Fu Hua , Feng Jiarun , Wang Penggang , Zhu Haiyu , Xu Peizhen , Gao YiZhi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The carbon content of fly ash (FA) influences the performance of concrete. In this paper, the flotation decarburization treatment was carried out on high carbon fly ash (HCFA) to obtain flotation decarburized fly ash (FDFA). The effects of flotation decarbonization treatment of fly ash on workability, mechanical properties, chloride penetration, carbonation, and water/sulfate frost damage to concrete were systemically studied. The results indicated that flotation decarbonization treatment could remarkably reduce the water demand ratio and increase the intensity activity index of fly ash. Moreover, compared with HCFA, FDFA could better enhance the workability and increase the compressive strength of concrete. When the water-cement ratio is 0.43, and the fly ash content is 35%, the slump and 56 d compressive strength of concrete with FDFA were 60% and 23% greater than that of concrete with HCFA, respectively. Furthermore, FDFA could better improve the microstructure and the resistance to chloride penetration, carbonation, and freeze-thaw of concrete. When the water-cement ratio was 0.43 and fly ash content was 35%, the carbonation depth and chloride migration coefficient of concrete with FDFA were 69.95% and 17.24% lower than those of concrete with HCFA, respectively. In comparison to water freeze-thaw cycles, sulfate freeze-thaw cycles caused more damage to concrete. The critical value of the pore diameter for pore solution freezing (i.e., 14 nm) was proposed to illustrate the damage degree of freeze-thaw to concrete. A "frost-heaving-corrosion" composite failure theory was employed to explain the failure mechanism of concrete exposed to the sulfate freeze-thaw cycles.
Multivariate Soil Monitoring and Crop Prediction Model Based on AAD-ARIMA and LCV-OXGBOOST Techniques
Authors: Shenbagavadivu S , M Senthil Kumar. , B Chidhambarajan. B 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Farmers must adjust to the rising environment while producing more food with better nutrition. To boost crop production and growth, the farm worker must be knowledgeable of the soil conditions, which will aid in selecting the best crop to sow in the given conditions. By continuously monitoring the land, IoT-based smart farming enhances the agricultural industry as a whole. It maintains numerous variables, including sediment, temperature, and moisture. According to them, the project intends to assist farmers in making wise decisions by forecasting the crops and simultaneously monitoring the soil. Based on AAD-ARIMA and LCV-OXGBOOST, a multivariate soil monitoring and crop prediction model has been created. First, the data has been normalized, which helps to determine the likelihood of inaccuracy for the data. Missing values are handled based on the results of the preprocessing, which includes categorization the missing value using SD-CCC. After that, +-shift-ROS is used to manage the data's unequal distribution before LE-PT scaling. After that, this research has created an MLE-CFO strategy that offers the correlation between the materials by thinking about the causality and maintains an ideal working length as well as correctness in order to acquire data knowledge. Following that, the characteristics are divided using MIC-DBSCAN for crop prediction and soil monitoring. The selected characteristic was then tested against by the LCV-OXGBOOST for crop prediction and the AAD-ARIMA for monitoring. The suggested method works more effectively and dependably while reducing false alarm rates (FARs) and inaccuracy rates based on the dataset collected from Soil of Chengalpattu. Additionally, the work controls the stochastic and unpredictable behavior of uncertain data and yields a suitable outcome. When compared to the current top-notch system, empirical testing shows that the work delivers superior accuracy, reaction rate, and is significantly more expandable and safe.
Understanding the social determinants of child mortality in Latin America over the last two decades: a machine learning approach
Authors: Chivardi Carlos , Sosa Alejandro Zamudio , Cavalcanti Daniella Medeiros , Ordoñez José Alejandro , Diaz Juan Felipe , Zuluaga Daniela , Almeida Cristina , Serván-Mori Edson , Hessel Philipp , Moncayo Ana L. , Rasella Davide 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The reduction of child mortality rates remains a significant global public health challenge, particularly in regions with high levels of inequality such as Latin America. We used machine learning (ML) algorithms to explore the relationship between social determinants and child under-5 mortality rates (U5MR) in Brazil, Ecuador, and Mexico over two decades. We created a municipal-level cohort from 2000 to 2019 and trained a random forest model (RF) to estimate the relative importance of social determinants in predicting U5MR. We conducted a sensitivity analysis training two more ML models and presenting the mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and median absolute deviation (MAD). Our findings indicate that poverty, illiteracy, and the Gini index were the most important variables for predicting U5MR according to the RF. Furthermore, non-linear relationships were found mainly for Gini index and U5MR. Our study suggests that long-term public policies to reduce U5MR in Latin America should focus on reducing poverty, illiteracy, and socioeconomic inequalities. This research provides important insights into the relationships between social determinants and child mortality rates in Latin America. The use of ML algorithms, combined with large longitudinal data, allowed us to evaluate the effects of social determinants on health more carefully than traditional models.
Cav3.2 deletion attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice
Authors: Li Xue , Hu Chengyun , Dai Feibiao , Zhang Zhetao , Li Chuanyao , Zhou Wanjun , Wang Jiawu , Chen Hao , Long Tengfei , Jiang Lai , Tang Chaoliang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases and also the main cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Cav3.2 channel is an important member of T-type calcium channel and plays a vital role in energy and metabolic balance. However, the effects of Cav3.2 on NFALD remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the function of Cav3.2 channel in the development and progression of NAFLD. After 16 weeks on a high-fat diets (HFD), Cav3.2 knockout (Cav3.2 KO) improves hepatic steatosis, liver injury and metabolic syndrome in NAFLD mice model. We provided evidence that Cav3.2 KO inhibited HFD-induced hepatic oxidative damage, inflammation and hepatocyte apoptosis. In addition, Cav3.2 KO also attenuated the hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative damage, inflammation and hepatocyte apoptosis in palmitic acid/oleic acid (PAOA)-treated primary hepatocytes. Further, Cav3.2 KO-mediated liver protection function were dependent on its interaction with CaMKII signaling. These results suggest that therapeutic approaches targeting Cav3.2 provide effective approaches for treating NAFLD.
Hydrogen Sulfide Suppresses H2O2-induced Proliferation and Migration of HepG2 Cells Through Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhao Hongzhi , Zhao Liang , Wu Lin , Hu Sheng , Huang Yangmei , Zhao Wei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Both H2S and H2O2affect many cellular events, such as cell differentiation, cell proliferation and cell death. However, there is some controversy about the roles of H2S and H2O2,since the detailed mechanisms they are involved remain unclear. In this study, low concentration of H2O2(40 µM) increased the viability of hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2, while both H2S and high concentration of H2O2decreased the cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Wound healing assay indicated that 40 µM H2O2promoted migration of HepG2 cells, which was suppressed by exogenous H2S. Further analysis revealed that administration of exogenous H2S and H2O2changed the redox status of Wnt3a in HepG2 cells. Altered expression of proteins including Cyclin D1, TCF-4, and MMP7, which are downstream of the Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway, were found after treatment with exogenous H2S and H2O2. Compared with H2S, low concentration of H2O2showed opposite effects on these protein expression levels in HepG2 cells. These results suggest that H2S suppressed H2O2-induced proliferation and migration of HepG2 through regulating Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Frequency of Away-From-Home Meals is Associated with Prevalence of Inflammatory Sinonasal Diseases: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Han Munsoo , Jeong Yujin , Lee Seunghyeok , Lee Sang Hag , Kim Tae Hoon 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, a great number of people had to stay at home due to quarantine, and the food delivery industry has grown significantly. In terms of public health, concerns have been raised regarding the popularity of meals prepared away-from-home (AFH) and their impact on health and nutrition. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between the frequency of away-from-home meals and the prevalence of inflammatory sinonasal diseases including allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), among South Koreans.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, data of participants of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) recruited from 2010 to 2019 were reviewed. The frequency of AFH meals was assessed by asking participants how often they ate AFH meals in an average week. Those who ate AFH meals less than once per week were designated as group 1, those who ate one to four times per week as group 2, and those who ate five times per week or more as group 3. Questionnaires regarding the diagnosis of AR and CRS were administered to each participant, and other factors such as symptoms, endoscopic findings, and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were assessed by referring to the recent clinical guidelines. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.
Results
Among 80,861 participants in the KNHANES 2010–2019, 48,515 were eligible. A total of 6,642 and 3,144 participants had AR and CRS, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis for AR, when compared to group 1, the odds ratio (OR) for diagnosis of AR in the participants of group 2 (OR = 1.226, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.136–1.324) and group 3 (OR = 1.227, 95% CI = 1.126–1.337) were significantly higher (p < 0.0001). For CRS, group 2 (OR = 1.139, 95% CI = 1.029–1.260) and group 3 (OR = 1.210, 95% CI = 1.078–1.358) showed a significantly higher risk than group 1 (p = 0.0044). Additionally, serum specific IgE for house dust mites (p = 0.0173) and endoscopic findings of watery rhinorrhea (p = 0.0359) in patients with AR, and symptoms of olfactory dysfunction for more than 12 weeks (p = 0.0004) in CRS were significantly more prevalent in participants who had AFH meals more frequently.
Conclusion
If individuals who frequently eat away-from-home change their dietary habits, they might lower the risk and severity of AR or CRS.
Evaluation of agricultural and rural pollution under environmental policies in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China
Authors: pang Aiping , Wang Daiwei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, material flow and spatial analysis methods were used to evaluate and predict the spatial-temporal pattern evolution of agricultural and rural nitrogen (N) flow in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China from 1949 to 2050, and to analysis the agricultural and rural pollution control by the environmental policies.The results showed that since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the crop harvest in the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed an overall upward trend, and the period from 1979 to 1997 was the fastest with an average annual growth rate of 3.8%. Since the reform and opening up , N loss (storage) increased from 50.97×108kgN in 1978 to 140.15×108kgN in 2014, an increase of 2.75 times. In 2015, China began to implement measures to prevent and control agricultural and rural pollution, and N loss (storage) decreased year by year. In 2019, the N loss (storage) decreased by 18.22% compared with that in 2015, but it was still at a high level. Each year, 113.44×108 kgN N was still lost to the atmosphere, water and soil, which was 1.53 times of the crop harvest N. The N loss rate is as high as 60%. Before 2014, N discharge into surface water from agricultural and rural areas in the Yangtze River Economic Belt increased year by year, especially after 1978, with an average growth rate of 4.76%, leading to severe non-point source pollution. With the implementation of pollution control policy, the N lost to surface water began to show a downward trend in 2015, but it was still 2.17 times higher than the environmental risk threshold in 2019. According to the prediction, under the scenarios of the business as usual, fertilizer reduction, engineering and rural improvement patterns, the N emissions from the system to surface water in 2050 are expected to be reduced by 25.76%, 45.5%, 30% and 30%, respectively, compared with 2019, but still higher than the environmental risk threshold. Under the integrated pattern, the N emission to surface water is reduced to 4.32×108kgN in 2050, which is lower than the environmental risk threshold and can achieve the goal of non-point source pollution control. Single environmental policy cannot effectively control non-point source pollution. It is necessary to promote integrated pattern to realize green and sustainable development of agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
Extracellular vesicles as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and recurrence detection of hepatocellular carcinoma: A pilot study
Authors: Juratli Mazen A. , Roushansarai Nicola S. , Oppermann Elsie , Roy Dhruvajyoti , Schnitzbauer Andreas , Andreou Andreas , Houben Philipp , Katou Shadi , Becker Felix , Hoelzen Jens Peter , Pascher Andreas , Bechstein Wolf O. , Struecker Benjamin , Vogl Thomas , Michalik Sabine 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant liver tumor and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, current diagnostic tools are often invasive and technically limited. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which play vital roles in HCC growth and metastasis, serving as potential novel biomarkers. Molecular analysis of peripherally EVs could be revolutionary for early tumor diagnosis and detecting tumor recurrence. A prospective single-center cohort study including 37 HCC patients and 20 patients with non-malignant liver disease (NMLD), as a control group, was conducted. Peripherally EVs of both groups were analyzed before and after liver surgery. The study utilized microbead-based magnetic particle sorting and flow cytometry to detect 37 characteristic surface proteins of EVs. Furthermore, HCC patients who experienced tumor recurrence (R-HCC) within 12 months after surgery were compared to HCC patients without recurrence (NR-HCC). R-HCC patients (n = 12/20) showed significantly lower levels of CD31 compared to NR-HCC patients (p = 0.0033). The NMLD-group showed significantly higher expressions of CD41b than the HCC group (p = 0.0286). The study determined significant short-term changes in CD19 dynamics in the NMLD-group, with preoperative values being significantly higher than postoperative values (p = 0.0065). This finding of our pilot study suggests EVs as potential targets for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the early and non-invasive detection of HCC recurrence by monitoring the dynamics of specific EVs markers, such as CD41b and CD31, in HCC patients. Overall, the potential of EVs as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for HCC recurrence represents a promising area of research that could have a significant impact on the management of this disease in the future.
Process parameters optimisation for selective laser melting of AlSi10Mg-316L multi-materials using machine learning method
Authors: Miao Huan , Yusof Farazila , Karim Mohd Sayuti Ab , Badruddin Irfan Anjum , Hussien Mohamed , Kamangar Sarfaraz , Zhang Hao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The present work focuses on process parameters optimisation for selective laser melting (SLM) of AlSi10Mg-316L multi-materials using machine learning method. The mechanical properties of the multi-material samples were measured at different process parameters. These process parameters and properties data were used to train and validate the machine learning model. A multi-output Gaussian process regression (MO-GPR) model was developed to directly predict the multidimensional output to overcome the limitations of the standard Gaussian process regression (GPR) model. Based on the prediction data, process parameter maps were constructed, and the optimal process parameters for different compositions were selected from the process parameter maps. The results showed that the laser power, scan velocity and hatching space have an important influence on the density and surface roughness of the samples. Results also indicated that there is no linear functional relationship between the optimal volumetric energy density (VED) values and the AlSi10Mg-316L compositions.
Fabrication of PVC-based composite films with controlled electrical conductivity via delayed phase separation-induced directional distribution of CNT for effective electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Hu yingmo , Qin Qingqing , Guo Sufang , Yang Yuanyuan , Lei Ting , Cui Zhenyu , Wu Xiao , Qin Shuhao , Altaf Naveed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Traditional polymer/carbon nanotubes (CNT) composite films, prepared by non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS), exhibit low electrical conductivity and poor electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) due to the random dispersion of CNT within the polymer matrix. In this work, conductive porous polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/CNT composite films were successfully prepared using the NIPS process. The film formation rate was reduced by increasing the concentration of PVC, the concentrations of N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAc) in the coagulation bath, and the CNT content, resulting in a oriented distribution of CNT on the film surface and pore walls. The electrical conductivity and EMI SE performance of the composite films were enhanced with increasing CNT content, exhibiting optimal values at proper PVC concentration in the casting solution and DMAc concentration in the coagulation bath. Meanwhile, the effects of casting film thickness, structure, and casting process on EMI SE performance were also investigated. The results demonstrate that EMI SE performance improved by increasing casting film thickness and achieving a multilayer structure through a 1-layer/2-sided casting process. Finally, a PVC/5 wt% CNT composite film prepared by repeating the 1-layer/2-sided casting process three times had an optimal EMI SE value of 32.3 dB. This work provides guidance for the rational design of high-performance polymer-based composite film EMI shielding materials and has great potential in practical applications.
Rit2 silencing in dopamine neurons drives a progressive Parkinsonian phenotype
Authors: Kearney Patrick , Zhang Yuanxi , Tan Yanglan , Kahuno Elizabeth , Conklin Tucker , Fagan Rita , Pavchinskiy Rebecca , Shaffer Scott , Yue Zhenyu , Melikian Haley 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and arises from dopamine (DA) neuron death selectively in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) . Rit2 is a reported PD risk allele, and recent single cell transcriptomic studies identified a major RIT2 cluster in PD DA neurons, potentially linking Rit2 expression anomalies to a PD patient cohort. However, it is still unknown whether Rit2 loss itself is causative for PD or PD-like symptoms. Here we report that conditional Rit2 silencing in mouse DA neurons drove a progressive motor dysfunction that was more rapid in males than females and was rescued at early stages by either inhibiting the DA transporter (DAT) or with L-DOPA treatment. Motor dysfunction was accompanied by decreases in DA release, striatal DA content, phenotypic DAergic markers, and a loss of DA neurons, with increased pSer129-alpha synuclein expression. These results provide the first evidence that Rit2 loss is causal for SNc cell death and a PD-like phenotype, and reveal key sex-specific differences in the response to Rit2 loss.
Microfabrication of Sm2Co17 micromagnets for MEMS and micromotors using ultrashort pulsed hydro laser micromilling process
Authors: Villalba-Alumbreros Gabriel , Soler-Morala Jimena , Kanitz Alexander , Hoppius Jan , Valiente-Blanco Ignacio , Diez-Jimenez Efren 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Micromagnets have wide applications in MEMS and micromotors but there are some limitations in current microfabrication processes for permanent magnets. A novel damage-free ultrashort pulsed laser machining process to manufacture complex shapes of Sm2Co17 micromagnets is proposed in this work. This process permits to cut the microparts submerged in a refrigerant fluid. This is especially beneficial for magnets, which are very sensitive to high temperature, as the heat effect of laser cutting on the hard magnetic materials is drastically reduced. The detailed description of the manufacturing process is here presented. Results of several machining processes like milling and cutting and the magnetic characterization of the resulting micromagnets are shown. Complex segment shapes, with 65 µm thickness are achieved, made in high quality Sm2Co17 material. It is demonstrated that no permanent degradation of the magnetic properties appears after laser machining.
Survival outcomes and prognostic factors of undifferentiated uterine sarcoma
Authors: Yao Hongwen , Li Ning , Yuan Hua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Here, we aimed to describe the behavior of patients with undifferentiated uterine sarcoma (UUS) at our institution.
Methods
29 patients with UUS who were treated at our institution between 2001 and 2020 were analyzed.
Results
The median age at diagnosis was 52 years (range: 26-70 years). The FIGO 2009 distribution by stage was as follows: stage I, 17 patients (58.6%); stage II, 5 patients (17.2%); stage III, 4 patients (13.8%); and stage IV, 3 patients (10.3%).
For 28 patients who underwent surgical treatment, 27 patients (96.4%) underwent total/sub-radical/radical hysterectomy combined bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, 17 (58.6%) pelvic lymphadenectomy, 7 (24.1%) para-aortic lymphadenectomy and 8 (28.6%) patients underwent omentectomy.
The median follow-up was 23.4 months. 18 patients (62.1%) died during follow up, and 13 patients (72.2%, 13/18) died within 2 years after diagnosis. Median progression-free survival (mPFS) and overall survival (mOS) were 15.5 and 27.4 months, respectively. 2-year and 5-year PFS were 40.3% and 26.9%. 2-year and 5-year OS were 54.0% and 36.5%. Stage-specific mPFS and mOS were as follows: stage I-II—17.7 and 35.5 months, stage III-IV—6.0 and 6.7 months. Multivariate analysis showed that omentectomy was an independent predictor of decreased PFS (HR 0.059, 95% CI 0.006-0.587, P = 0.016) and OS (HR 0.042, 95% CI 0.004-0.488, P = 0.011).
Conclusion
UUS are a rare group of tumors with an aggressive behavior and poor outcomes. The current study shows that omentectomy seems to have benefited patients.