bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
0284 Sleep Health in Latino Day Laborers: Occupational Health and Wellbeing
Authors: Ramirez Jahanett , Ebner Nina , Ramos Alberto 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Little is known about the sleep health of Latin(x) day laborers. Existing research demonstrates that they experience precarious employment, low wages, and hazardous working conditions. Recent studies also show that periods of unemployment and psychosocial stressors, such as financial insecurity, have been associated with worsened mental health outcomes and poor sleep health. Our investigation brings these insights together in order to understand how sleep health impacts well-being in the workplace and how precarious work, such as day labor, impacts sleep, contributing to health disparities.

Methods
This was a mixed-methods study in which twenty participants were recruited using purposive sampling from a worker center run by the Austin Public Health Department and an informal hiring site. Participants were male, over 18 years of age, of Latin(x) ethnicity, who reported problems with sleep. All completed a semi-structured interview with validated sleep questionnaires. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically coded.

Results
Most workers were between 30 - 44 years of age, of Mexican ethnicity, and worked in construction. Workers reported poor sleep quality with an average of 5.6 hours of sleep at night. Eighty-five percent (n=17) had problems with either clinically significant insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index ≥ 15), daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale ≥ 10), or both. In addition, 50% reported either moderate or severe anxiety or depression. Most agreed (80%) that poor sleep affected their quality of life. Regarding work performance, 50% found themselves not concentrating enough on their work two or more times a week. Common themes included: (1) lack of routine and unpredictability of work schedule (2) poor sleep habits and coping mechanisms (3) negative impact of fatigue on work routine and relationships (4) belief that sleep would improve unaided and (5) willingness to seek behavioral health interventions for sleep concerns.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that study participants experience short sleep duration and insomnia in conjunction with high levels of anxiety and/or depression. Participants linked these with unpredictable work schedules, stress, and financial difficulties. However, many were interested in receiving a clinical behavioral intervention to improve their sleep.

Support (if any)
This work was supported in part by BSM PRIDE Institute SRP funding from NHLBI (R25HL105444).
0286 Yours, Mine, or Ours? Exploring Sleep Hygiene Concordance in Mixed-Gender, Bed-Sharing Couple Relationships
Authors: Novak Joshua , Miller Kaleigh , Gunn Heather , Troxel Wendy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Despite research exploring sleep concordance between partners in couple relationships, some variability exists between partners’ sleep quality because of the social and relational context. One such mechanism that may help to explain the variability is sleep hygiene and if couples are similar or different in their sleep hygiene and if or how these similarities or differences predict worse sleep, relational, and psychological health. The present study explored the similarities and differences in sleep hygiene and associations with sleep, psychological, and relational health outcomes in 143 mixed-gender, bedsharing couples.

Methods
Paired samples t tests between partners were conducted using the total Sleep Hygiene Index scores (aim 1a), and at the individual-item level (aim 1b). Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) scores of dyadic reports were conducted to examine the level of agreement between each partner’s sleep hygiene (aim 1c). Finally, a dyadic score model was examined using Structural Equation Modeling to identify associations between both a between-partner difference in sleep hygiene score and within-couple sleep hygiene average score on individual sleep quality, couple conflict frequency, and individual emotional distress.

Results
Results revealed a significant difference between men (M = 14.45, S.D. = 7.41) and women’s total score self-report sleep hygiene ((M = 17.67, S.D. = 8.27); t (142) = -5.06, p &lt;.001). Further, partners only had similar sleep hygiene for 5 out of the 13 items. Partners’ had moderate agreement on sleep hygiene (.69-.856), suggesting that partners largely know each others' sleep hygiene habits. Finally, lower within-couple sleep hygiene was linked with both partners’ worse sleep outcomes, more relational conflict, and higher emotional distress.

Conclusion
Findings from this study suggest that couples are less concordant in sleep hygiene practices than sleep quality. Moreover, partners are relatively aware of each other's sleep hygiene which may in part be associated with their psychological and relational functioning. Differences between partners seemed to be less impactful than the couples' average sleep hygiene on sleep, relational and psychological well-being outcomes. These results suggest that couple-level intervention on sleep hygiene may benefit both partners and carry over into relational and psychological benefits.

Support (if any)
0290 Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring does not reduce the sleep of off-duty firefighters
Authors: Ayeni Aanuoluwakiitan , Haswarey Ayeisha , Ordaz-Johnson Omar , Robinson LaTroy , Abdelmoaty Walaa , Herzig Maya , Hurtado David , McHill Andrew , Gonzalez Joshua , Bodner Todd , Shea Steven , Bowles Nicole 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) across 24 hours is recommended to confirm hypertension and, outside of a laboratory setting, is the only means to measure the extent of any nocturnal decrease in blood pressure (BP) i.e., nocturnal BP dipping. The ambulatory device is traditionally programmed to inflate every 20-30 minutes during awake and sleep. Despite diagnostic benefits, ABPM may disturb sleep and lead to reduced compliance in some individuals. Firefighters, an occupational group with a greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease, often note continued vigilance during sleep, possibly reflecting light sleep and/or frequent awakenings. This potential sleep disturbance may contribute to firefighters’ cardiovascular disease risk and may also impact ABPM data.

Methods
To assess the effect of ABPM on total sleep time (TST) and wake after sleep onset (WASO) in firefighters, we measured sleep using wrist actigraphy in 120 firefighters (91.3% male) from two different departments in Oregon. As part of a larger longitudinal study, participants’ sleep off-shift (as noted from daily survey) was recorded for up to 14 days at two different time points, two months apart. During two consecutive days off, participants completed 24-48 hours of ABPM with simultaneous actigraphy. Overall, there were 1273 measures of sleep, 206 with the cuff and 1067 without the cuff. Separate mixed models with cuff (on/off) as a fixed effect and participant as a random effect, were run for TST and WASO. Models were adjusted for total time in bed, department, and collection interval.

Results
Surprisingly, TST with the cuff on was significantly greater than nights without the cuff (marginal mean ± SE: 432.0±3.1 vs. 415.9±1.7 minutes respectively, p&lt; 0.001). Increased TST was attributable to a lower WASO with the cuff than without the cuff (43.8±2.9 vs 59.8±1.7 minutes, respectively, p&lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Contrary to our expectations, ABPM was not associated with actigraphy measured disturbed sleep among firefighters. In fact, in these data, sleep appeared to be improved while wearing the cuff. Perhaps concerns around poor sleep when wearing the device may have led to improved sleep behaviors on those nights, but this hypothesis needs further investigation.

Support (if any)
U19OH010154, K01HL151745
0297 Pathways: A Pilot Study Examining the Impact of Nightshift Work on Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Free-Living Shift Workers
Authors: Clark Kevin , Cleveland Joseph , Holzhausen Elizabeth , Stieneker Zachary , Lim Joseph , Patterson William , Kraemer Gabby , Broussard Josiane , Vetter Celine , Melanson Edward , Creasy Seth , Wright Kenneth , Alderete Tanya 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Traditional risk factors for obesity and type 2 diabetes, such as poor diet and low physical activity, cannot fully explain the increased incidence of these diseases. Insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment due to shift work may contribute, in part, to this epidemic through their growing prevalence and associated impaired glucose regulation and eating out of phase.

Methods
Female nightshift healthcare workers (n=5) worked ≥2 shifts (~7pm-7am) during the 7-day study. Actigraphy was measured and participants wore continuous glucose monitors and completed three 24-hour dietary recalls. Dim light melatonin onset was predicted (pDLMO) for each worker from an actigraphy derived algorithm validated for shift workers. The timepoints two hours after (pDLMO+2) and 10 hours after (pDLMO+10) predicted DLMO are presented as a range in which sleep typically occurs, on average, relative to DLMO.

Results
Mean participant age was 30.7 years and body mass index 22.8 kg/m2. Dietary recalls report the average total energy consumed on workdays to be 1,653 kcal ± 444 (mean ± SD) compared to 1,517 kcal ± 421 on free days (p=0.64). Average eating windows were 13.88 ± 2.69 hours on nightshifts compared to 9.88 ± 1.82 hours on workfree days (p=0.051, n=4 one individual did not report eating while on shift). Further, eating occasions between 10pm–7:30am were only reported on worknights. Average pDLMO was 23.26 ± 1.27 hours, corresponding to the middle of shift. The average interstitial glucose level between pDLMO+2 and pDLMO+10 on shift was 88.4 mg/dL ± 9.0 and the average during the same interval on workfree nights was 81.1 mg/dL ± 7.0 (p = 0.024). Additionally, an increase in 24-hour average glucose was observed on shift 90.9 ± 4.9 compared to free days 86.1 ± 6.2 (p=0.021).

Conclusion
Early results from this ongoing study show that an extended eating window, eating overnight, and/or working overnight contribute to increased glucose levels while night workers are on shift compared to their days off. Increased overnight glucose levels, especially at a time the body may be accustomed to sleeping, represent a time of impaired glucose tolerance and potentially reduced insulin sensitivity.

Support (if any)
Anschutz CCTSI Pilot Grant Award, CTSA Grant UL1 TR002535
0311 Partial blue light blocking glasses advanced sleep phase but did not alter salivary melatonin secretion in Japanese schoolchildren
Authors: Maeda-Nishino Naoya , Yoshimoto Ryohei , Ono Taisuke , Chiba Shintaro , Nishino Seiji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
A late bedtime is one of the most common characteristics of sleep habits in modern society. This is also the case for schoolchildren, with negative consequences for their academic performance. Light exposure at night, particularly blue wavelength light, was thought to delay bedtime, and melatonin suppression via blue light was considered to be one of the mechanisms responsible for the delayed sleep phase.

Methods
In the current study, we evaluated the effects of partial blue light blocking glasses (JINS Screen Lens Heavy [40%cut]) on salivary melatonin levels, sleep and circadian phase and daytime behavior (via actigraphs and questionnaires), with and without blue light blocking (JINS Standard Clean Lens) glasses in 39 male school children (ages between 10-12). The study design was a cross over design, with respective glasses worn for 3 hours before the habitual bedtime for two weeks, with a one-week washout period (with their own regular glasses) in between sessions. Saliva collections and questionnaires were performed during the first and second weeks of each session, with saliva collected -3, -2, -1, and 0 hours before the habitual bedtime. Actigraph data were collected throughout the evaluation periods.

Results
We found that while partial blue light blocking glasses had no effect on salivary melatonin levels, they did significantly advance the sleep phase compared to the non-filter session (bedtime: 22.03±0.08h vs. 22.1±0.1h, sleep onset: 22.26±0.08h vs. 22.36±0.10h, p= 0.04). The filter effects were most noticeable in the second week, where significant advances in bedtime (-0.12h, p=0.03), sleep onset (-0.14h, p=0.03), wake up time (-0.13h, p=0.02), and leaving-bed time (-0.14h, p=0.02) from the 1st week were observed, whereas no changes were seen during the control session (without filter). Along with the sleep phase advancement observed, daytime irritability and acting out towards siblings and friends were significantly reduced in the second week of the filter session.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that partial blue light blocking glasses advanced the sleep phase and improved behavior in schoolchildren, but that the effects were not mediated by changes in melatonin secretion. Further research into the mechanisms involved is warranted.

Support (if any)
This study was supported by Jins Holdings Inc (SPO236998).
0314 Late Evening Room Light and Sleep Restriction Reverses the Phase Advancing Effect of Bright Morning Light in Adolescents
Authors: Crowley Stephanie , Misiunaite Ieva , Eastman Charmane 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Late bedtimes and sleep restriction are common during adolescence, particularly on school nights. We examined circadian phase advancing effects of bright morning light (ML) with increasing doses of evening room light exposure and sleep restriction due to late bedtimes.

Methods
Adolescents (n=38, 21 girls) aged 14.1 to 18.0 years completed a 14-day protocol during summer vacation. On days 1-7, they slept at home on individualized 10-h sleep/dark schedules. On days 8-14, they lived in the laboratory. On day 8, we measured their Dim Light Melatonin Onset (DLMO). On days 9 and 10, they were put to bed 1.5h (n=9), 3.0h (n=12), or 4.5h (n=8) later and kept awake in room light (104±11 lux at the angle of gaze). Wake time was unchanged; thus, sleep opportunity was shortened to 8.5h, 7h, and 5.5h, respectively. The fourth group (n=9) kept their baseline bedtime, were not exposed to any additional evening light (EL) and were not sleep restricted. On day 11, all groups were put to bed and awakened 1.5 h earlier and were exposed to intermittent bright ML (three 30-min exposures; 8599±885 lux). On each subsequent day (12 and 13), sleep and ML were advanced 1h. Thus, there were 3 days of a gradually advancing sleep schedule and bright ML. Final DLMO was measured on day 14.

Results
The 0h EL group showed a large DLMO advance (2.2±1.0 h), but the advance was reduced in the 1.5h EL group (0.5±0.6 h). DLMO delayed in the 3h EL group (-0.9±1.1 h). There was a large phase delay in the 4.5h EL group (-2.6±1.2 h). Phase shifts differed among all groups [F(3,34)=36.7, p&lt;.001].

Conclusion
Circadian rhythms of adolescents were advanced when they were exposed to bright ML and a gradually advancing sleep schedule, as shown in many studies of adults. However, when kept up later in ordinary room light, the same advancing sleep schedule and bright ML did not produce as much of an advance. Phase delay shifts occurred when bedtimes were 3h or 4.5h later. EL and sleep restriction can reverse the advancing effect of bright ML.

Support (if any)
R01 HL146772 (Crowley)
0318 Early Sleep Intervention Mitigates Poor Sleep and Improves Mood in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Osorno Raquel , Solomon Natalie , Ahmadi Maryam , O'hora Kathleen , Lopez Mateo , Morehouse Allison , Kim Jane , Manber Rachel , Goldstein-Piekarski Andrea 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Rates of sleep disturbance and depressed mood increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Acute symptoms of sleep disturbance may develop into chronic insomnia if left untreated and constitute a risk for depression. However, the impact of early treatment of insomnia symptoms on the development of chronic insomnia and depressive symptoms remains unknown. Here we present the primary outcome results from a pre-registered, 2-arm randomized controlled feasibility trial launched early in the pandemic, investigating whether a brief telehealth insomnia intervention targeting acute insomnia symptoms prevents the subsequent deterioration of insomnia and depression.

Methods
Forty-nine participants with pandemic-onset insomnia symptoms were randomized to receive four telehealth sessions of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) over five weeks or to a waitlist control. Primary outcome measures included the Insomnia Severity Index and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 excluding the sleep item collected at weeks 0, 6, 12, and 28. Linear mixed-effects models tested the hypotheses that early insomnia intervention improves the 28-week trajectory of insomnia and depressive symptoms relative to the control group. The MacArthur framework tested if improvement of insomnia mediates subsequent improvement in depression.

Results
The two linear mixed-effects models revealed significant time-by-intervention interactions, indicating improved trajectories of insomnia and depressive symptoms across the 28-weeks in the CBT-I group compared to the control group (Insomnia: B=-1.03, p&lt;.001; Depression: B=-0.52, p=0.009). The rate of improvement in insomnia during treatment (0-5 weeks) mediated the subsequent improvement in depressive symptoms following treatment (6-weeks; B=2.31, p=0.005), but not at 12- or 28-weeks (all B’s &lt;=1.44, all p’s&gt;0.203). In contrast, depression symptom improvement during treatment was not associated with insomnia symptoms (all timepoint p's&gt;=0.132). The percentage of participants with insomnia diagnosis was lower in the CBT-I vs control group at both timepoints (short-term: 21.7% vs. 50%; long-term: 22.7% vs. 50%).

Conclusion
These are the first findings establishing that brief telehealth CBT-I significantly improved both acute pandemic-onset insomnia symptoms and subsequent trajectory of insomnia and depression. Although the sample size was small and pandemic conditions may never fully be replicated, these results support treatment of acute sleep disturbance in the context of stressors for improved long-term sleep and mood symptoms.

Support (if any)
0320 Improvements in Sleep & Drinking Outcomes Among Heavy Drinkers Following a Digital CBT-I Program
Authors: Verlinden Justin , Moloney Mairead , Vsevolozhskaya Olga , Ritterband Lee , Winkle Fiona , Weafer Jessica 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Insomnia and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and are highly comorbid, due in part to the use of alcohol as a sleep aid among individuals with insomnia. Initial studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), the first-line treatment for insomnia, is moderately successful at improving both sleep and drinking outcomes in heavy drinkers with insomnia. However, CBT-I is not widely available. Digital CBT-I could be a more accessible alternative. One digital CBT-I program, Sleep Healthy Using the Internet (SHUTi), is especially promising due to its high efficacy in treating insomnia and its individualized and interactive platform. Here we conducted a pilot study to examine the efficacy of SHUTi on improving sleep and drinking outcomes in a sample of heavy drinkers with insomnia.

Methods
Heavy drinking men and women with insomnia (n=53) were randomly assigned to complete the SHUTi program (n=26) or a nine-week patient education control program (n=27). Questionnaires examining sleep (Insomnia Severity Index and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and alcohol use (30-day Timeline Follow-Back) were completed pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 3-months post-intervention. Linear mixed effect models were used to examine the effects of SHUTi on sleep and alcohol consumption and whether any effects of SHUTi on drinking were mediated by the effects of SHUTi on sleep.

Results
SHUTi significantly improved sleep (ISI & PSQI; ps ≤ .021) and drinking outcomes (past 30-day total drinks, drinking days, and binge episodes; ps ≤ .032) over time relative to the control condition. Additionally, the effects of SHUTi on drinking quantity, but not frequency, were mediated by SHUTi’s effects on sleep.

Conclusion
These results show that SHUTi is an effective intervention for improving sleep among heavy drinkers with insomnia. Further, they suggest that sleep may be an effective treatment target to slow the progression of AUD in at-risk individuals. Together, these findings provide preliminary support for the implementation of an inexpensive, easily accessible health behavior intervention with significant public health impact in a high-risk population.

Support (if any)
0324 Protective and Risk Factors for Insomnia Over 5 Years in a Population-Based Sample of Adults
Authors: Morin Charles , Vézina-Im Lydi-Anne , Ivers Hans , LeBlanc Mélanie , Savard Josée 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Insomnia is a major public health concern and one of the most prevalent health issues among adults. Identifying protective and risk factors for insomnia could help identify vulnerable populations and design public health interventions to prevent some adverse medical and mental health consequences. The study objective was to identify protective and risk factors for insomnia in a population-based sample of adults.

Methods
Data is from a large epidemiological cohort study on the natural course of insomnia conducted in Canada before the COVID-19 pandemic. Insomnia and potential protective and risk factors for insomnia were measured annually over 5 years with validated questionnaires (e.g., Insomnia Severity Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test, Arousal Predisposition Scale, Life Experiences Survey). Risk factors for insomnia were divided as predisposing or precipitating factors.

Results
From a cohort of 3,413 participants 1,709 adults were identified as good sleepers at baseline and were included in the analyses. A total of 202 people developed an insomnia syndrome during the 5-year follow-up. Using survival analysis for discrete events, the following variables were significant predisposing factors for insomnia: anxiety (HR=1.037; p=0.018), depression (HR=1.082; p&lt; 0.001), perceived stress (HR=1.073; p&lt; 0.001), number of negative life events (HR=1.478; p=0.02), perceived worse general health (HR=1.606; p=0.006), pain (HR=1.475; p=0.002), vulnerability to stress (HR=1.089; p&lt; 0.001), and maladaptive emotional coping (HR=1.044; p&lt; 0.001). The following variables were identified as precipitating factors for insomnia: loss of income (HR=1.346; p=0.03), increased anxiety (HR=1.070, p&lt; 0.001), depression (HR=1.119; p&lt; 0.001) and perceived stress (HR=1.083; p=0.001), decline in perceived general health (HR=2.061; p=0.006), and increased pain (HR=1.353; p=0.013). Physical activity was not a significant protective factor for insomnia (p=0.54).

Conclusion
These results provide new information that could be helpful to prevent the onset and chronicity of insomnia by targeting specific precipitating factors, and people with predisposing factors for insomnia. This is important as insomnia tends to be a persistent condition and is known to increase adverse medical and mental health outcomes.

Support (if any)
This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.