bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traître à la nation ou père de la Confédération ? La mémorialisation de Louis Riel par ses statues depuis 1968
Authors: Csuzdi-Vallée Antoine , Chicoine Anne-Marie 
Published: May 2023

Les monuments commémoratifs ont fait l’objet d’une vague de critiques et d’actes de vandalisme dans les pays occidentaux au cours de la dernière décennie. Il ne s’agit toutefois pas d’une nouveauté historique ; au Canada, plusieurs statues de Louis Riel ont été victimes de telles actions dans la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle. La figure de ce leader métis est éminemment complexe, tant dans son histoire que dans sa mémoire. Depuis 1968, avec l’érection de la première statue de Louis Riel à Regina, la réhabilitation mémorielle du personnage suscite la controverse et les débats au sein de la population. Les journaux canadiens sont l’un des terrains fertiles de ces débats, qui mettent en dialogue des organisations et des individus euro-canadiens, métis, anglophones et francophones. Dans cet article, nous étudions la couverture médiatique des monuments à Riel en analysant plusieurs quotidiens canadiens à grand tirage de la fin des années 1960 au tournant du XXIe siècle. Quatre statues ou propositions de statues ont particulièrement occupé l’espace journalistique canadien pendant la période étudiée : celle de John Nugent, à Regina ; celles de Marcien Lemay et de Miguel Joyal, à Winnipeg ; ainsi que la proposition de statue de Riel sur la colline du Parlement à Ottawa. Par ces études de cas, nous souhaitons démontrer la complexité de la mémoire de Riel, qui oscille entre celle d’un traître à la nation et d’un père de la Confédération, et sa malléabilité selon les acteurs métis, anglo-canadiens et franco-canadiens qui tentent de se l’approprier. En plus de matérialiser ces mémoires divergentes et de les ancrer dans un contexte spatial, la facture artistique des monuments—parfois peu conventionnelle—influence les sensibilités du public et alimente la controverse mémorielle1.
Influence of Biofertilizers and Nitrogen on the Growth and Yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Authors: Vishal  , Singh Rajesh 
Published: May 2023

The field experiment entitled “Influence of Biofertilizers and Nitrogen on the Growth and Yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)" was conducted during Rabi season, 2022 at Crop Research Farm in the Department of agronomy, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh. The study included biofertilizers and three levels of Nitrogen (60, 80 and 100 kg/ha) and control. The experiment was layout in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 treatments and replicated thrice. The soil in the experimental area was sandy loam with pH (8.0), EC (0.56 dS/m), Organic Carbon (0.62%), Available N (225 kg/ha), Available P (38.2 kg/ha), and Available K (240.7 kg/ha). Application of Azotobacter + Azospirillum and N 100 kg/ha produces higher plant height (95.10 cm), maximum number of tillers/running row meter (72.00) and higher dry weight (25.53g), maximum number of effective tillers/m2 (201.33), maximum number of grains/spike (51.20), higher grain yield (4.34 t/ha), straw yield (5.34 t/ha).
Inequities in Filled Overactive Bladder Medication Prescriptions in the US
Authors: Luchristt Douglas , Bretschneider C. Emi , Kenton Kimberly , Simon Melissa , Brown Oluwateniola 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceAnticholinergic medications to treat overactive bladder (OAB) have been associated with increased risk of cognitive decline, whereas β3-adrenoceptor agonists (hereafter, β3-agonists) have comparable efficacy and do not carry the same risk. Yet, anticholinergics remain the predominant OAB medication prescribed in the US.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether patient race, ethnicity, and sociodemographic characteristics are associated with receipt of anticholinergic vs β3-agonist OAB medications.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis study is a cross-sectional analysis of the 2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, a representative sample of US households. Participants included individuals with a filled OAB medication prescription. Data analysis was performed from March to August 2022.ExposureA prescription for medication to treat OAB.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were receipt of a β3-agonist or an anticholinergic OAB medication.ResultsAn estimated 2 971 449 individuals (mean age, 66.4 years; 95% CI, 64.8-68.2 years) filled prescriptions for OAB medications in 2019; 2 185 214 (73.5%; 95% CI, 62.6%-84.5%) identified as female, 2 326 901 (78.3%; 95% CI, 66.3%-90.3%) self-identified as non-Hispanic White, 260 685 (8.8%; 95% CI, 5.0%-12.5%) identified as non-Hispanic Black, 167 210 (5.6%; 95% CI, 3.1%-8.2%) identified as Hispanic, 158 507 (5.3%; 95% CI, 2.3%-8.4%) identified as non-Hispanic other race, and 58 147 (2.0%; 95% CI, 0.3%-3.6%) identified as non-Hispanic Asian. A total of 2 229 297 individuals (75.0%) filled an anticholinergic prescription, and 590 255 (19.9%) filled a β3-agonist prescription, with 151 897 (5.1%) filling prescriptions for both medication classes. β3-agonists had a median out-of-pocket cost of $45.00 (95% CI, $42.11-$47.89) per prescription compared with $9.78 (95% CI, $9.16-$10.42) for anticholinergics. After controlling for insurance status, individual sociodemographic factors, and medical contraindications, non-Hispanic Black individuals were 54% less likely than non-Hispanic White individuals to fill a prescription for a β3-agonist vs an anticholinergic medication (adjusted odds ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.22-0.98). In interaction analysis, non-Hispanic Black women had an even lower odds of filing a β3-agonist prescription (adjusted odds ratio, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.04-0.27).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of a representative sample of US households, non-Hispanic Black individuals were significantly less likely than non-Hispanic White individuals to have filled a β3-agonist prescription compared with an anticholinergic OAB prescription. These differences may reflect an inequity in prescribing behaviors promulgating health care disparities. Targeted research should assess the relative contribution of a variety of individual and societal factors.
Cannabis Use Disorder and Subsequent Risk of Psychotic and Nonpsychotic Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Jefsen Oskar Hougaard , Erlangsen Annette , Nordentoft Merete , Hjorthøj Carsten 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceCannabis use is increasing worldwide and is suspected to be associated with increased risk of psychiatric disorders; however, the association with affective disorders has been insufficiently studied.ObjectiveTo examine whether cannabis use disorder (CUD) is associated with an increased risk of psychotic and nonpsychotic unipolar depression and bipolar disorder and to compare associations of CUD with psychotic and nonpsychotic subtypes of these diagnoses.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective, population-based cohort study using Danish nationwide registers included all individuals born in Denmark before December 31, 2005, who were alive, aged at least 16 years, and living in Denmark between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2021.ExposureRegister-based diagnosis of CUD.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe main outcome was register-based diagnosis of psychotic or nonpsychotic unipolar depression or bipolar disorder. Associations between CUD and subsequent affective disorders were estimated as hazard ratios (HRs) using Cox proportional hazards regression with time-varying information on CUD, adjusting for sex; alcohol use disorder; substance use disorder; having been born in Denmark; calendar year; parental educational level (highest attained); parental cannabis, alcohol, or substance use disorders; and parental affective disorders.ResultsA total of 6 651 765 individuals (50.3% female) were followed up for 119 526 786 person-years. Cannabis use disorder was associated with an increased risk of unipolar depression (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.78-1.90), psychotic unipolar depression (HR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.73-2.25), and nonpsychotic unipolar depression (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.77-1.89). Cannabis use was associated with an increased risk of bipolar disorder in men (HR, 2.96; 95% CI, 2.73-3.21) and women (HR, 2.54; 95% CI, 2.31-2.80), psychotic bipolar disorder (HR, 4.05; 95% CI, 3.52-4.65), and nonpsychotic bipolar disorder in men (HR, 2.96; 95% CI, 2.73-3.21) and women (HR, 2.60; 95% CI, 2.36-2.85). Cannabis use disorder was associated with higher risk for psychotic than nonpsychotic subtypes of bipolar disorder (relative HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.21-1.81) but not unipolar depression (relative HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.92-1.27).Conclusions and RelevanceThis population-based cohort study found that CUD was associated with an increased risk of psychotic and nonpsychotic bipolar disorder and unipolar depression. These findings may inform policies regarding the legal status and control of cannabis use.
Temporal Changes in Obesity-Related Medication After Bariatric Surgery vs No Surgery for Obesity
Authors: Kauppila Joonas H. , Markar Sheraz , Santoni Giola , Holmberg Dag , Lagergren Jesper 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceBariatric surgery can resolve hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, but the long-term postoperative trajectories of medications for these conditions are unknown.ObjectiveTo clarify the long-term use of lipid-lowering, cardiovascular, and antidiabetic medication after bariatric surgery compared with no surgery for morbid obesity.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cohort study took place in Sweden (2005-2020) and Finland (1995-2018) and included individuals diagnosed with obesity. Analysis took place between July 2021 and January 2022.ExposuresBariatric surgery (gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy) patients using lipid-lowering, cardiovascular, or antidiabetic medication were compared with 5 times as many control patients with an obesity diagnosis treated with no surgery, matched for country, age, sex, calendar year, and medication use.Main Outcomes and MeasuresProportions with 95% CIs of lipid-lowering, cardiovascular, or antidiabetic medication.ResultsA total of 26 396 patients underwent bariatric surgery (with gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy) (17 521 [66.4%] women; median [IQR] age, 50 [43-56] years) and 131 980 matched control patients (87 605 [66.4%%] women; median [IQR] age, 50 [43-56] years) were included. The proportion of lipid-lowering medication after bariatric surgery decreased from 20.3% (95% CI, 20.2%-20.5%) at baseline to 12.9% (95% CI, 12.7%-13.0%) after 2 years and 17.6% (95% CI, 13.3%-21.8%) after 15 years, while it increased in the no surgery group from 21.0% (95% CI, 20.9%-21.1%) at baseline to 44.6% (95% CI, 41.7%-47.5%) after 15 years. Cardiovascular medications were used by 60.2% (95% CI, 60.0%-60.5%) of bariatric surgery patients at baseline, decreased to 43.2% (95% CI, 42.9%-43.4%) after 2 years, and increased to 74.6% (95% CI, 65.8%-83.4%) after 15 years, while it increased in the no surgery group from 54.4% (95% CI, 54.3%-54.5%) at baseline to 83.3% (95% CI, 79.3%-87.3%) after 15 years. Antidiabetic medications were used by 27.7% (95% CI, 27.6%-27.9%) in the bariatric surgery group at baseline, decreased to 10.0% (95% CI, 9.9%-10.2%) after 2 years, and increased to 23.5% (95% CI, 18.5%-28.5%) after 15 years, while it increased in the no surgery group from 27.7% (95% CI, 27.6%-27.7%) at baseline to 54.2% (95% CI, 51.0%-57.5%) after 15 years.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, undergoing bariatric surgery was associated with a substantial and long-lasting reduction in the use of lipid-lowering and antidiabetic medications compared with no surgery for obesity, while for cardiovascular medications this reduction was only transient.
Benchmarking halcyon ring delivery system for hypofractionated breast radiotherapy: Validation and clinical implementation of the fast‐forward trial
Authors: Pokhrel Damodar , Smith Mason , Volk Alexander , Bernard Mark E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of an iterative CBCT‐guided breast radiotherapy with Fast‐Forward trial of 26 Gy in five fractions on a Halcyon Linac. This study quantifies Halcyon plan quality, treatment delivery accuracy and efficacy by comparison with those of clinical TrueBeam plans.Materials and MethodsTen accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) patients (four right, six left) who underwent Fast‐Forward trial at our institute on TrueBeam (6MV beam) were re‐planned on Halcyon (6MV‐FFF). Three site‐specific partial coplanar VMAT arcs and an Acuros‐based dose engine were used. For benchmarking, PTV coverage, organs‐at‐risk (OAR) doses, beam‐on time, and quality assurance (QA) results were compared for both plans.ResultsThe average PTV was 806 cc. Compared to TrueBeam plans, Halcyon provided highly conformal and homogeneous plans with similar mean PTVD95 (25.72 vs. 25.73 Gy), both global maximum hotspot < 110% (p = 0.954) and similar mean GTV dose (27.04 vs. 26.80 Gy, p = 0.093). Halcyon provided lower volume of ipsilateral lung receiving 8 Gy (6.34% vs. 8.18%, p = 0.021), similar heart V1.5 Gy (16.75% vs. 16.92%, p = 0.872), V7Gy (0% vs. 0%), mean heart dose (0.96 vs. 0.9 Gy, p = 0.228), lower maximum dose to contralateral breast (3.2 vs. 3.6 Gy, p = 0.174), and nipple (19.6 vs. 20.1 Gy, p = 0.363). Compared to TrueBeam, Halcyon plans provided similar patient‐specific QA pass rates and independent in‐house Monte Carlo second check results of 99.6% vs. 97.9% (3%/2 mm gamma criteria) and 98.6% versus 99.2%, respectively, suggesting similar treatment delivery accuracy. Halcyon provided shorter beam‐on time (1.49 vs. 1.68 min, p = 0.036).ConclusionCompared to the SBRT‐dedicated TrueBeam, Halcyon VMAT plans provided similar plan quality and treatment delivery accuracy, yet potentially faster treatment via one‐step patient setup and verification with no patient collision issues. Rapid delivery of daily APBI on Fast‐Forward trial on Halcyon with door‐to‐door patient time < 10 min, could reduce intrafraction motion errors, and improve patient comfort and compliance. We have started treating APBI on Halcyon. Clinical follow‐up results are warranted. We recommend Halcyon users consider implementing the protocol to remote and underserved APBI patients in Halcyon‐only clinics.
Examination of the Increased Risk for Falls Among Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging Population‐Based Study
Authors: Wilfong Jessica M. , Perruccio Anthony V. , Badley Elizabeth M. 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo characterize the profile of individuals with and without knee osteoarthritis (OA) who fell, and to identify factors contributing to an individual with knee OA experiencing 1 or multiple injurious falls.MethodsData are from the baseline and 3‐year follow‐up questionnaires of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, a population‐based study of people ages 45–85 years at baseline. Analyses were limited to individuals either reporting knee OA or no arthritis at baseline (n = 21,710). Differences between falling patterns among those with and without knee OA were tested using chi‐square tests and multivariable‐adjusted logistic regression models. An ordinal logistic regression model examined predictors of experiencing 1 or more injurious falls among individuals with knee OA.ResultsAmong individuals reporting knee OA, 10% reported 1 or more injurious falls; 6% reported 1 fall, and 4% reported 2+ falls. Having knee OA significantly contributed to the risk of falling (odds ratio [OR] 1.33 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.14–1.56]), and individuals with knee OA were more likely to report having a fall indoors while standing or walking. Among individuals with knee OA, reporting a previous fall (OR 1.75 [95% CI 1.22–2.52]), previous fracture (OR 1.42 [95% CI 1.12–1.80]), and having urinary incontinence (OR 1.38 [95% CI 1.01–1.88]) were significant predictors of falling.ConclusionOur findings support the idea that knee OA is an independent risk factor for falls. The circumstances in which falls occur differ from those for individuals without knee OA. The risk factors and environments that are associated with falling may provide opportunities for clinical intervention and fall prevention strategies.
Fault diagnosis and fault‐tolerant control for bilinear stochastic distribution systems with actuator fault
Authors: Cao Bo , Yao Lina 
Published: May 2023

SummaryIn the paper, the problem of fault diagnosis and fault‐tolerant control for the bilinear stochastic distribution system with actuator fault is studied. Firstly, based on a grain processing device, a bilinear stochastic distribution system model is established. Then, a new unknown input observer is designed to diagnose the fault, and a model‐predicted fault‐tolerant controller is designed for the system on the basis of the estimated fault information, in order to keep the system stable or still maintain the control performance after the fault occurs. Finally, the validity of the proposed algorithm is verified by the grain processing process.
Decentralized adaptive finite‐time fault‐tolerant control for a class of high‐power interconnected nonlinear systems via graph theory
Authors: Yang Tingting , Ma Hongjun 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThis article investigates the decentralized adaptive finite‐time fault‐tolerant control (FTC) for unknown strong interconnected nonlinear systems with high‐powers and actuator faults. The powers are the ratio of positive odd rational integers and may be different, which makes the presented scheme different from existing work on interconnected nonlinear systems. The considered interconnections are governed by some boundary functions that grow nonlinearly in the states of all subsystems. First, the difficulty brought by high powers to controller design is overcome by introducing the adding one power integrator method. Then, based on backstepping method and FTC theory, a decentralized adaptive algorithm is proposed without approximate structure (neural network, fuzzy logic, etc.), which adaptively compensates the impact of actuator faults. Besides, with the aid of algebraic graph theory, the system is stable under practical finite‐time concept. Finally, the effectiveness of the theoretical findings are validated by conducting two simulation examples.
Double‐Microcrack Coupling Stretchable Neural Electrode for Electrophysiological Communication
Authors: Yang Dan , Tian Gongwei , Liang Cuiyuan , Yang Zixu , Zhao Qinyi , Chen Jianhui , Ma Cong , Jiang Ying , An Na , Liu Yan , Qi Dianpeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDeveloping neural electrodes with high stretchability and stable conductivity is a promising method to explore applications of them in biological medicine and electronic skin. However, considering the poor mechanical stretchability of typical conductive materials, maintaining the connection of electrode conductive paths under high stretching is still a challenge. Herein, for the first time, a double‐microcrack coupling strategy for highly stretchable neural electrodes is proposed. Compared with single‐layer stretchable microcrack electrodes, the design utilizes the complement between two gold microcrack films to contribute more conductive paths. It shows that the resistance change (R/R0) of the electrode under 100% strain is about 5.6 times, which is much lower than other electrodes and exhibits a high stretchability of ≈200%. Simultaneously, this design is an encapsulation‐free design which avoids the electrode performance degradation caused by encapsulation. Furthermore, it is found that the adhesion strength between metal electrode and substrate is critical to the stretchability and stability of electrodes, so polydimethylsiloxane0.9‐isophorone diisocyanate elastomer (PDMS0.9‐IPDI), whose adhesion to gold electrode is 4.5 times higher than that of the commercial polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), is synthesized. Finally, the electrophysiological communication between different organisms by electrodes is successfully demonstrated.
Fibrous Viscoelastic Extracellular Matrix Assists Precise Neuronal Connectivity
Authors: Xie Ruipei , Yu Xiaoyu , Cao Ting , Yang Chen , Zhang Yiyu , Wang Xiaochen , Liu Yi‐Jun , Duan Shumin , Ye Fangfu , Fan Qihui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSynapse formation in complex neuronal network is a pivotal process for normal functioning of nervous system. Although intense research has been conducted, how neurons and axons are guided toward the target remains largely unclear. In traditional opinions, axons are directed through chemotaxis, while recently mechanotaxis has been brought up as a potential complementary mechanism, as it can provide delicately controlled signals in addition to the random diffusive chemical cues. To further explore the path‐finding mechanism, a quasi‐3D in vitro model for neuronal cells is constructed by integrating hydrogel collagen I as extracellular matrix (ECM), and primary mouse cortical neurons and PC12 cells are tested. It is strikingly found out that axons and neuronal cells can be precisely guided toward target neurites via ECM. By developing a label‐free traction force microscopy technique, the force networks among neurons are presented, validating that the fibrous matrix‐transmitted paratensile signals can assist the axon pathfinding. This precise axon guidance is related to the activation of mechanosensitive ion channels, calcium signaling, and probably the following F‐actin assembly. This mechanism can potentially assist developing clinical applications and designing biomaterials in near future.
Surface Facet Dependent Cycling Stability of Layered Cathodes
Authors: Wang Kuan , Zhang Zhengfeng , Ding Yang , Cheng Sulan , Xiao Biwei , Sui Manling , Yan Pengfei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigh chemical and mechanical stability of cathode surface are the prerequisites enabling high‐performance rechargeable battery. Surface facet is among the surface properties that dictate surface stability and cycling performance, while its underlying mechanism remains elusive. Herein, it is reported that surface stability is closely related to the surface facet for a variety of layered cathodes. The investigation shows that surface structure of P2 layered cathode undergoes sequential transformation upon cycling, which results in severe surface degradation. This study finds that the surface facets perpendicular to the (002) planes experience severe cracking and corrosion, while other surface facets are much more stable. The surface stability difference mainly comes from a geometric effect on strain release, which determines the mechanical stability of surface. Chemically, transition metal condensation forms a passivation layer to effectively prevent the inward propagation of surface degradation. Therefore, the surface facets oblique to the layered‐planes are intrinsically more resistant to mechanical cracking and chemical corrosion, which is further verified as a common effect in several O3‐type layered cathodes. This work not only deepens the understanding of the mechanism how surface facet affects surface stability, but also validates surface facet regulation can be a promising strategy for optimizing battery materials.