bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delay and size‐dependent priority‐aware scheduling for IoT‐based healthcare traffic using heterogeneous multi‐server priority queueing system
Authors: Asingwire Barbara Kabwiga , Sibomana Louis , Ngenzi Alexander , Kabiri Charles 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) based healthcare applications are time‐sensitive and any delay can cause alarming situations, including death of patients. The Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheduling scheme has been proposed for use in IoT‐based healthcare applications. However, the EDF scheme performs poorly under overloaded conditions due to giving highest priority to packets that are close to missing their deadlines. Some studies have proposed the use of Priority EDF to overcome the challenges of EDF; however, Priority EDF still favours higher priority queues which increases the waiting times of lower priority queues. In order to overcome the limitation of EDF and its variants, this paper proposes a system model for a prioritized scheduling (PS) scheme. The PS scheme is an improvement of the Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheme and its variants for IoT‐based healthcare applications. The PS scheme uses a heterogeneous multi‐server priority queuing system to provide service differentiation by prioritizing short packets over large packets and delay sensitive packets are serviced before delay tolerant packets. Numerical results demonstrate that the PS scheme minimizes the mean slowdown for both delay sensitive short and large packets at low and high load values. Additionally, the PS scheme performs better than the EDF and Priority EDF schemes in terms of reducing mean slowdown of packets and the PS scheme performs better than the EDF in terms of throughput for all packet sizes at both low and high load values. The performance improvement in terms of throughput is more pronounced at high load values. This addresses the challenge of the EDF scheme which performs poorly under overloaded conditions and the challenge of the Priority EDF scheme which favours higher priority queues at the expense of low priority queues.
Tracking control based on proportional resonant controller for electro‐hydraulic systems with input delay
Authors: Ye Shengwang , Liu Guo‐Ping , Hu Wenshan , Wu Yong , Fan Zhuo , Li Haoyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe growth of marine resources exploitation has led to increased research interest in electro‐hydraulic systems for marine simulation. This study proposes a proportional plus resonant (PR) controller to achieve high tracking performance for electro‐hydraulic systems. Due to the complex structure and non‐linear flow dynamics, establishing accurate mathematical models of electro‐hydraulic systems is challenging. The local linearization technique is applied to simplify the process of model establishment. The system gain is limited by the stability margin due to the input delay, resulting in a phase delay between the real trajectory and the desired reference. To compensate for the phase delay in tracking periodic reference with the traditional proportional and integral controller, a resonant item is added into the controller. The stability analysis of the closed‐loop system is performed using Routh‐Hurwitz criterion. Furthermore, the controller parameters are tuned based on the frequency characteristic to achieve high tracking performance and maintain the adequate stability margin. The effectiveness of the proposed PR controller in tracking periodic references is validated through numerical simulations and practical experiments.
Active fault‐tolerant load frequency control for multi‐area power systems with electric vehicles under deception attacks
Authors: Liu Xinghua , Liang Yuru , Qiao Siwei , Yang Guoqing , Wang Peng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the active fault tolerant load frequency control of multi‐area power systems with electric vehicles under deception attacks. An integrated design of fault estimation and fault‐tolerant control is proposed to guarantee the stability of the system under sensor faults and deception attacks. Considering the uncertainty caused by the demand of the owner and the state of the battery, a multi‐area power system model is proposed. Then, an active fault tolerant load frequency control scheme is designed. The proportional‐derivative sliding mode observer is used to estimate the fault and system status in real‐time. During the fault occurrence, the estimated value obtained by the observer is utilized to design the controller without any fault diagnosis scheme, which simplifies the controller design process. A sufficient Lyapunov‐Krasovskii criterion is derived to ensure the stability performance of the multi‐area power system. Finally, simulation examples are provided for a three‐area power system contains electric vehicles, and the results prove the correctness and feasibility of the proposed fault‐tolerant control scheme.
Milky Way globular clusters on cosmological timescales
Authors: Ishchenko Maryna , Sobolenko Margaryta , Berczik Peter , Omarov Chingis , Sobodar Olexander , Kalambay Mukhagali , Yurin Denis 
Published: August 2023

Aims. We carry out the self-consistent dynamic evolution of the orbital structure of Milky Way globular clusters. This allows us to estimate possible and probable close passages and even collisions of the clusters with each other.
Methods. We reproduced the orbits of 147 globular clusters in 10 Gyr lookback time using our own high-order N-body parallel dynamic φ-GPU code. The initial conditions (three coordinates and three velocities for the present time) were derived from the Gaia DR3 catalogue. For each of the GCs, 1000 initial conditions were additionally generated, taking the Gaia measurement errors into account. The galaxy is represented by five external potentials from the IllustrisTNG-100, whose masses and sizes of the disk and halo components are similar to the physical values of the Milky Way at present.
Results. We present a statistical analysis of the cumulative close passages rate: About ten close passages with relative distances shorter than 50 pc for every billion years for each of the five external potentials. We present the 22 most reliable collision pairs with a good probability. As an example: Terzan 4 vs. Terzan 2 (49%), Terzan 4 vs. NGC 6624 (44%), Terzan 4 vs. Terzan 5 (40%), Terzan 4 vs. NGC 6440 (40%), and Terzan 4 vs. Liller 1 (42%). The most active globular cluster in the collision sense is Terzan 4, which has 5.65 collision events on average (averaged over all individual 1000 initial condition realisations). Most collisions are located inside the Galactic disk and form two ring-like structures. The first ring-like structure has the highest collision number density at ∼1 kpc, and the second sturcture has a maximum at ∼2 kpc.
Conclusions. Based on our numerical simulations, we can conclude that the few dozen Milky Way globular clusters probably undergo some close encounters and even possible collisions during their lifetimes, which can significantly affect their individual dynamical evolution and possibly even their stellar content.
Complex AGN feedback in the Teacup galaxy
Authors: Venturi G. , Treister E. , Finlez C. , D’Ago G. , Bauer F. , Harrison C. M. , Ramos Almeida C. , Revalski M. , Ricci F. , Sartori L. F. , Girdhar A. , Keel W. C. , Tubín D. 
Published: August 2023

Context. The z ∼ 0.1 type-2 QSO J1430+1339, known as the “Teacup”, is a complex galaxy showing a loop of ionised gas ∼10 kpc in diameter, co-spatial radio bubbles, a compact (∼1 kpc) jet, and outflow activity. Its closeness offers the opportunity to study in detail the intricate interplay between the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) and the material in and around the galaxy, both the interstellar medium (ISM) and circumgalactic medium (CGM).
Aims. We characterise the spatially resolved properties and effects of the galactic ionised gas outflow and compare them with those of the radio jet and with theoretical predictions to infer its acceleration mechanism.
Methods. We used VLT/MUSE optical integral field spectroscopic observations to obtain flux, kinematic, and excitation maps of the extended (up to ∼100 kpc) ionised gas and to characterise the properties of stellar populations. We built radial profiles of the outflow properties as a function of distance from the active nucleus, from kiloparsec up to tens of kiloparsec scales, at ∼1 kpc resolution.
Results. We detect a velocity dispersion enhancement (≳300 km s−1) elongated over several kiloparsecs perpendicular to the radio jet, the active galactic nucleus (AGN) ionisation lobes, and the fast outflow, similar to what is found in other galaxies hosting compact, low-power jets, indicating that the jet strongly perturbs the host ISM during its passage. We observe a decreasing trend with distance from the nucleus for the outflow properties (mass outflow rate, kinetic rate, momentum rate). The mass outflow rate drops from around 100 M⊙ yr−1 in the inner 1–2 kpc to ≲0.1 M⊙ yr−1 at 30 kpc. The mass outflow rate of the ionised outflow is significantly higher (∼1–8 times) than the molecular one, in contrast with what is often quoted in AGN. Based on energetic and morphological arguments, the driver of the multi-phase outflow is likely a combination of AGN radiation and the jet, or AGN radiation pressure on dust alone. The outflow mass-loading factor is ∼5–10 and the molecular gas depletion time due to the multi-phase outflow is ≲108 yr, indicating that the outflow can significantly affect the star formation and the gas reservoir in the galaxy. However, the fraction of the ionised outflow that is able to escape the dark matter halo potential is likely negligible. We detect blue-coloured continuum emission co-spatial with the ionised gas loop. Here, stellar populations are younger (≲100–150 Myr) than in the rest of the galaxy (∼0.5–1 Gyr). This constitutes possible evidence for star formation triggered at the edge of the bubble due to the compressing action of the jet and outflow (“positive feedback”), as predicted by theory. All in all, the Teacup constitutes a rich system in which AGN feedback from outflows and jets, in both its negative and positive flavours, co-exist.
Technique: Continuous Retrograde Cardioplegia Followed by Warm Blood Antegrade Infusion
Authors: Ingram John M. , Traad Ernest A. 
Published: August 2023

The optimum myocardial preservation technique during cardiopulmonary bypass procedures remains widely debated. It is believed that the efficacy of the myocardial preservation technique is largely responsible for post-operative myocardial function and recovery.
At the Miami Heart Institute, a recently developed technique has been under investigation. It is the purpose of this report to reveal the latest research findings on what we believe to be a superior form of myocardial preservation.
Fifty patients who underwent cardiac operations were randomly selected for this study. In each patient, the technique of retrograde cardioplegia was employed. The cardioplegia was administered continuously in retrograde fashion in order to maintain a myocardial temperature range of 6° - 12°C throughout the ischemic period. Shortly before aortic cross clamp removal, warm pump blood was administered antegrade fashion through the aortic root. Aortic root pressure was strictly maintained between 75 - 85 mmHg to insure adequate infusion into the coronary arteries.
The result of the retrograde technique has been strict mainteance of myocardial hypothermia throughout the ischemic period. The antegrade warm blood infusion permits adequate myocardial reperfusion and rewarming. The result of this warm blood infusion has been a spontmteous reinstitution of of the patient's cardiac rhythm without a fibrillation period. Of patients undergoing this technique, 94% experienced no cardiac fibrillation at any time during the operation. While marked improvement in post-operative myocardial function has been observed and is currently under data accumulation, it is our conclusion that this technique is a significant advancement in the field of myocardial preservation (J. Extra-Corpor Technol, 21(2): 56-60, 1989, 15 Ref).
Minimalinvasive Wirbelsäulenchirurgie und aufkommende neue Techniken: Navigation, Robotik und Augmented Reality
Authors: Klingler Jan-Helge , Ille Sebastian 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungMinimalinvasive Operationstechniken haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten kontinuierlich
weiterentwickelt und bedeutende technische sowie technologische Fortschritte vollzogen. So
konnte sich die minimalinvasive Wirbelsäulenchirurgie von gezielten Dekompressionsverfahren
bis hin zu umfangreichen Stabilisierungsoperationen in weiten Anwendungsbereichen der
Wirbelsäulenchirurgie bewähren. Die Vorteile liegen in reduziertem Zugangstrauma, niedrigeren
Infektionsraten und schnellerer Genesung und somit verringerter Morbidität. Zur zunehmenden
Verbreitung minimalinvasiver Techniken haben die sich ebenfalls stetig weiterentwickelnde
intraoperative Bildgebung und Navigation entscheidend beigetragen. Schließlich ermöglichen
diese eine Orientierung mit Detektion verdeckt liegender und nicht direkt visualisierbarer
Strukturen und anatomischer Landmarken. Als neue Trends der letzten Jahre kommen nun auch im
Bereich der Wirbelsäulenchirurgie die Robotik und Augmented Reality zum Einsatz. Dieser
Übersichtsartikel befasst sich mit den intraoperativen Techniken der Navigation, Robotik und
Augmented Reality bei minimalinvasiven Wirbelsäulenoperationen.
Minimalinvasive Chirurgie bei Wirbelsäulentrauma – Unterschiede der Versorgungstechniken zwischen jungen und alten Patienten
Authors: Ullrich Bernhard , Spiegl Ulrich 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungPerkutane Versorgungen von Frakturen an der BWS und LWS sind weit verbreitet und haben die
offenen Verfahren in vielen Fällen als Standard verdrängt. Hierbei kommen beim Knochengesunden
der minimalinvasive Fixateur interne mittels monoaxialen Schrauben sowie der thorakoskopische
ventrale (partielle) Wirbelkörperersatz bzw. mittels Mini-Lumbotomie unterhalb von LWK 2 zum
Einsatz. Beim osteoporotischen Knochen kommen v.a. Zementaugmentationen der Wirbelkörper
und/oder dorsale Stabilisierungen mittels perkutanem Fixateur interne mit polyaxialen
Schrauben mit oder ohne Zementaugmentation der Pedikelschrauben zum Einsatz. Die Vorteile der
minimalinvasiven Versorgungen sind der geringere Blutverlust, die niedrigere Komplikationsrate
sowie der geringere postoperative Schmerz.
Reoperation or Aortic Regurgitation Progression after Reimplantation of the Aortic Valve (David's Procedure) Using the Valsalva Graft
Authors: Ma Kristina , Carlestål Emelie , Franco-Cereceda Anders , Olsson Christian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background This study aimed to assess predictors of a composite endpoint (reoperation for aortic valve [AV] failure or aortic regurgitation [AR] grade ≥ 2) after reimplantation of the aortic valve (RAV) using the Valsalva graft.
Methods From 2012 to 2021, 112 patients underwent RAV in a single center. Clinical and echocardiographic data were collected retrospectively. Cox regression analysis was used to identify predictors of the composite endpoint. Kaplan–Meier methods were used for time-to-event analysis.
Results Median (interquartile range) age was 52 years (44, 62). Nineteen patients (17%) were operated for acute Type A aortic dissection, and the remainder for aortic root aneurysm, 60 mm or larger in 12/112 (11%). Thirty-day mortality was 1/112 (1%). During follow-up, four patients (3.6%) were reoperated for AV failure, and another nine patients (8.1%) developed AR grade ≥ 2. Overall estimated freedom from reoperation or AR grade ≥ 2 was 87% (95% confidence interval: 76–93%) at 5 years. Significantly lower estimated 5-year freedom from the composite endpoint was found in cases with simultaneous aortic valve repair (AVr; 77 vs. 90%, p = 0.007) and nearly significant for large (≥ 6 cm) aortic root diameter (82 vs. 87%, p = 0.055). In Cox's analysis, aortic root diameter and simultaneous AVr were independent predictors for the composite endpoint.
Conclusion Outcomes (survival, reoperation, freedom from AR grade ≥ 2) with RAV were good up to 11-year follow-up. Larger aortic root diameter and simultaneous AVr were identified as predictors for reoperation or AR grade ≥ 2. Long-term follow-up remains necessary to confirm adequate AV function.
Incisional Hernias after Vascular Surgery for Aortoiliac Aneurysm and Aortoiliac Occlusive Arterial Disease: Has Prophylactic Mesh Changed This Scenario?
Authors: Piltcher-da-Silva Rodrigo , Soares Pedro S.M. , Hutten Debora O. , Schnnor Cláudia C. , Valandro Isabelle G. , Rabolini Bruno B. , Medeiros Brenda M. , Duarte Rafaela G. , Volkweis Bernardo S. , Grudtner Marco A. , Cavazzola Leandro T. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background Incisional hernia (IH) is an important surgical complication that has several ways of prevention, including modifications in the surgical technique of the initial procedure. Its incidence can reach 69% in high-risk patients and long-term follow-up. Of the risky procedures, open abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy is the one with the highest risk. Ways to reduce this morbid complication were suggested, and prophylactic mesh rises as an important tool to prevent recurrence.
Methods A retrospective cohort study review of medical records of patients undergoing vascular surgery for abdominal aortoiliac aneurysm (AAA) or vascular bypass surgery due to aortoiliac occlusive disease. We identified 193 patients treated between 2010 and 2020. We further performed a one-to-nine matching analysis between the use of prophylactic mesh and control groups, based on estimated propensity scores for each patient.
Results Prophylactic mesh group had a 18% lower risk of IH, compared with the control group (relative risk: 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.74–0.93). The difference in IH rates between the groups compared was 2.6% (95% CI: −19.8 to 25.5). From the perspective of the number needed to treat, it would be necessary to use prophylactic mesh in 39 (95% CI: 35–44) patients to avoid one IH in this population.
Conclusion Use of prophylactic mesh in the repair of AAA significantly reduces the incidence of IH in nearly one in five cases. Our data suggest that there is benefit in the use of prophylactic mesh in open aneurysmectomy surgery regarding postoperative IH development.
Pediatric Functional Rhinoplasty
Authors: Shave Samantha , Vella Joseph , Chandy Binoy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSurgery on the growing pediatric nose poses many questions regarding the indications and proper timing. Historically, surgeries on the pediatric nose led to facial growth alterations so many urged caution and waiting until skeletal maturity at the age of 18. However, animal studies showed some promise that facial growth may not be affected. Investigations into effects of pediatric sinus surgery and septal surgery on facial growth showed no issues. The external nose is somewhat different in that minor variations potentially can grow to a cosmetic deformity. However, numerous studies on facial growth show, to date, that it is not affected, and that surgery is safe. The caveat that one uses is the techniques of cartilage sparing and preservation, which have been studied and shown to be safe. There are ways to measure the effectiveness of surgery in relieving nasal airway obstruction both objectively and, more recently, subjectively. It is essential to treat pediatric nasal airway obstruction to avoid other facial growth problems, such as mouth breathing, snoring, malocclusion, and obstructive sleep apnea.
Respiratory Severity Score during the First 3 Hours of Life as a Predictor for Failure of Noninvasive Respiratory Support and Need for Late Rescue Surfactant Administration
Authors: Zapata Henry A. , Becker Heather L. , Lasarev Michael R. , Fort Prem , Guthrie Scott O. , Kaluarachchi Dinushan C. 
Published: August 2023

Objective Preterm infants often develop failure of noninvasive respiratory support. These infants miss the advantages of early rescue surfactant therapy. In this study, we evaluate the utility of respiratory severity score (RSS) during the first 3 hours of life (HOL) as a predictor for failure of noninvasive respiratory support.
Study Design We conducted a post hoc analysis of infants between 23 and 40 weeks' gestational age who received usual care in the AERO-02 clinical trial. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to assess whether the RSS summary measures were associated with the odds of surfactant administration.
Results Study involved 146 infants. Sixty-four infants (45%) received surfactant within the first 72 hours. Administration of surfactant was associated with the mean RSS (p < 0.01) and the linear trend (p < 0.01).
Conclusion We demonstrated that RSS during the first 3 HOL can predict failure of noninvasive respiratory support and need for late rescue surfactant administration. Optimal RSS cutoffs for early rescue surfactant therapy need to be determined in large cohort studies.
Key Points
Structured Framework for Multidisciplinary Parent Counseling and Medical Interventions for Fetuses and Infants with Trisomy 13 or Trisomy 18
Authors: Kim Amanda J.H. , Marshall Mayme , Gievers Ladawna , Tate Tyler , Taub Sara , Dukhovny Stephanie , Ronai Christina , Madriago Erin J. 
Published: August 2023

Objective Trisomy 13 (T13) and 18 (T18) are aneuploidies associated with multiple structural congenital anomalies and high rates of fetal demise and neonatal mortality. Historically, patients with either one of these diagnoses have been treated similarly with exclusive comfort care rather than invasive interventions or intensive care, despite a wide phenotypic variation and substantial variations in survival length. However, surgical interventions have been on the rise in this population in recent years without clearly elucidated selection criterion. Our objective was to create a standardized approach to counseling expectant persons and parents of newborns with T13/T18 in order to provide collaborative and consistent counseling and thoughtful approach to interventions such as surgery.
Study Design This article describes our process and presents our resulting clinical care guideline.
Results We formed a multi- and interdisciplinary committee. We used published literature when available and otherwise expert opinion to develop an approach to care featuring individualized assessment of the patient to estimate qualitative mortality risk and potential to benefit from intensive care and/or surgeries centered within an ethical framework.
Conclusion Through multidisciplinary collaboration, we successfully created a patient-centered approach for counseling families facing a diagnosis of T13/T18. Other institutions may use our approach as a model for developing their own standardized approach.
Key Points