bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical and magneto‐optical properties of pulsed laser‐deposited thulium iron garnet thin films
Authors: Sharma Apoorva , Ciubotariu Oana T. , Matthes Patrick , Okano Shun , Zviagin Vitaly , Kalbáčová Jana , Gemming Sibylle , Himcinschi Cameliu , Grundmann Marius , Zahn Dietrich R. T. , Albrecht Manfred , Salvan Georgeta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work presents a combined optical and magneto‐optical spectroscopic study of thulium iron garnet (Tm3Fe5O12, TmIG) films on substituted gadolinium gallium garnet (Gd2.6Ca0.4Ga4.1Mg0.25Zr0.65O12, sGGG) substrates. Spectroscopic ellipsometry, transmission spectroscopy, magneto‐optical Kerr effect spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy results are presented for TmIG films with a thickness in the range from 20 to 300 nm grown on sGGG by pulsed laser deposition. The complex dielectric functions of TmIG and sGGG are determined and compared with previously published results for bulk yttrium iron garnet and GGG, respectively. The magneto‐optical spectroscopy corroborated with Raman spectroscopy sheds light on strain‐induced changes as a function of TmIG film thickness.
Exploring correlates among Latino/a parents of young children with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Rios Kristina , Burke Meghan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractParents of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), including autism, experience stress in part due to child and parent characteristics. Although there is significant research about the correlates of parent stress, less is known about stress among Latino/a parents of children with IDD. The purpose of this study was to explore the correlates of empowerment, type of disability, stress, and special education knowledge among 61 Latino/a parents of children with IDD. Findings revealed a positive, significant correlation between empowerment and special education knowledge. Parents of children with autism reported significantly greater special education knowledge and stress. Implications for the future research including the need for longitudinal research are discussed.
Novel secretory organelles of parasite origin ‐ at the center of host‐parasite interaction
Authors: Bekić Viktor , Kilian Nicole 
Published: July 2023

AbstractReorganization of cell organelle‐deprived host red blood cells by the apicomplexan malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum enables their cytoadherence to endothelial cells that line the microvasculature. This increases the time red blood cells infected with mature developmental stages remain within selected organs such as the brain to avoid the spleen passage, which can lead to severe complications and cumulate in patient death. The Maurer's clefts are a novel secretory organelle of parasite origin established by the parasite in the cytoplasm of the host red blood cell in order to facilitate the establishment of cytoadherence by conducting the trafficking of immunovariant adhesins to the host cell surface. Another important function of the organelle is the sorting of other proteins the parasite traffics into its host cell. Although the organelle is of high importance for the pathology of malaria, additional putative functions, structure, and genesis remain shrouded in mystery more than a century after its discovery. In this review, we highlight our current knowledge about the Maurer's clefts and other novel secretory organelles established within the host cell cytoplasm by human‐pathogenic malaria parasites and other parasites that reside within human red blood cells.
Bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency with xeroderma pigmentosum in a young Asian child
Authors: Gurnani Bharat , Kaur Kirandeep 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageXeroderma pigmentosum is an autosomal recessive disorder with various ocular manifestations of which bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency is a rare manifestation. Timely diagnosis and meticulous management are vital in these cases to prevent irreversible ocular sequelae.AbstractBilateral limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) can be a rare manifestation in patients afflicted with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). The authors report a rare case of a 12‐year‐old boy who presented with redness and defective vision and was diagnosed with bilateral LSCD and hyperpigmented lesion over the face and trunk suggestive of XP.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of α‐Aryl‐Substituted LnDOTA Chelates from Achiral Starting Materials by Deracemization Under Mild Conditions**
Authors: Maier Karley B. , Rust Lauren N. , Kupara Charlene I. , Woods Mark 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSubstituted derivatives of the DOTA framework are of general interest to alter chelate properties and facilitate the conjugation of chelates to other molecular structures. However, the scope of substituents that can be introduced into the α‐position has traditionally been limited by the availability of a suitable enantiopure starting materials to facilitate a stereoselective synthesis. Tetra‐substituted DOTA derivatives with phenyl and benzoate substituents in the α‐position have been prepared. Initial syntheses used enantiopure starting materials but did not afford enantiopure products. This indicates that the integrity of the stereocenters was not preserved during synthesis, despite the homo‐chiral diastereoisomer being the major reaction product. The homochiral diastereoisomer could be produced as the major or sole reaction product when starting from racemic or even achiral materials. Deracemization was found to occur during chelation through the formation of an enolate stabilized by the aryl substituent. This general ability of aryl groups to enable deracemization greatly increases the range of substituents that can be introduced into DOTA‐type ligands with diastereochemical selectivity.
Cyclic Voltammetry as an Activation Method of TiO2 Nanotube Arrays for Improvement of Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Performance
Authors: Zos'ko Nikolay A. , Aleksandrovsky Aleksandr S. , Kenova Tatyana A. , Gerasimova Marina A. , Maksimov Nikolay G. , Taran Oxana P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA facile and eco‐friendly method for activating anodic TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) by cyclic voltammetry (CV) is proposed, and photoelectrochemical properties of CV‐activated TNTs are compared with those of non‐activated TNTs and of TNTs activated by hydrogen‐thermal reduction. EPR and luminescence studies show that the pristine samples demonstrate rather large content of paramagnetic and luminescing defects, while hydrogenation and CV‐activation lead to the different type of rearrangement of defects. TNTs activated by CV‐Na2SO4 demonstrate significantly improved photocurrent density (2.25 mA cm−2) in comparison with that of the hydrogen treated and pristine ones (0.93 mA cm−2 and 0.31 mA cm−2) under NUV‐irradiation at 0.2 V (RHE). Enhanced photoactivity of Na2SO4‐activated TNTs correlates with higher luminescence quantum yield, lowest paramagnetic defects content and larger decay time of the luminescence. Thus, a decrease in the content of defects is an important factor that reduces the non‐radiative recombination of charge carriers. The activation‐induced redistribution of surface and bulk defects in nanotubes explains the increased photoelectrochemical activity of TiO2‐based anodes. Cyclic voltammetry has been proved to be a reliable method to increase the efficiency of TNTs in PEC water splitting.
Assembly of nanostructured lipid carriers loaded gefitinib and simvastatin as hybrid therapy for metastatic breast cancer: Codelivery and repurposing approach
Authors: Sherif Abdelrahman Y. , Harisa Gamaleldin I. , Shahba Ahmad A. , Nasr Fahd A. , Taha Ehab I. , Alqahtani Ali S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBreast cancer represents a life‐threatening problem globally. The major challenge in the clinical setting is the management of cancer resistance and metastasis. Hybrid therapy can affect several cellular targets involved in carcinogenesis with a lessening of adverse effects. Therefore, the current study aims to assemble, and optimize a hybrid of gefitinib (GFT) and simvastatin (SIM)‐loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (GFT/SIM‐NLC) to combat metastatic and drug‐resistant breast cancer. GFT/SIM‐NLC cargos were prepared using design of experiments to investigate the impact of poloxamer‐188 and fatty acids concentrations on the physicochemical and pharmaceutical behavior properties of NLC. Additionally, the biosafety of the prepared GFT/SIM‐NLC was studied using a fresh blood sample. Afterward, the optimized formulation was subjected to an MTT assay to study the cytotoxic activity of GFT/SIM‐NLC compared to free GFT/SIM using an MCF‐7 cell line as a surrogate model for breast cancer. The present results revealed that the particle size of the prepared NLC ranged from (209 to 410 nm) with a negative zeta potential value ranging from (−17.2 to −23.9 mV). Moreover, the optimized GFT/SIM‐NLC formulation showed favorable physicochemical properties and promising lymphatic delivery cargos. A biosafety study indicates that the prepared NLC has a gentle effect on erythrocyte hemolysis. Cytotoxicity studies revealed that GFT/SIM‐NLC enhanced the killing of the MCF‐7 cell line compared to free GFT/SIM. This study concluded that the hybrid therapy of GFT/SIM‐NLC is a potential approach to combat metastatic and drug‐resistant breast cancer.
Higher detectability of gastric cancer after Helicobacter pylori eradication in texture and color enhancement imaging mode 2 in screening endoscopy
Authors: Kemmoto Yuichiro , Ozawa Shun‐ichiro , Sueki Ryota , Furuya Keiichi , Shirose Daimon , Wakao Satoshi , Shindo Kuniaki , Nagata Atsushi , Sato Tadashi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe utility of texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI) in detecting gastric cancer (GC) has been investigated. However, few reports exist on TXI mode2 (TXI2) used for detecting GC; this study investigated the efficacy of TXI2 in GC detection during screening endoscopy.MethodsThis study enrolled 13,440 participants with confirmed Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection status who underwent screening endoscopy by 20 endoscopists in our health screening center. The participants were divided into two groups: one group was observed using white light imaging (WLI) only by 17 endoscopists (WLI group, 10,745 participants), and the other group was observed using TXI2 only by the other three endoscopists (TXI2 group, 2695 participants). We analyzed the detection rate and the characteristics of GC. In addition, considering the bias due to the diagnostic ability, we analyzed the subset of the WLI group where the participants were evaluated by the top three endoscopists based on their GC detection rate (Expert‐WLI group, 2792 participants) for comparison with the TXI2 group.ResultsFifty patients were diagnosed with GC. The GC detection rates were 0.68% and 0.71% in the Expert‐WLI and TXI2 groups, respectively. In patients who underwent screening endoscopy after H. pylori eradication, the detection rates of differentiated GC, L‐region lesions, and surface depressed‐type lesions were 0.52%, 0%, and 0.43% in the Expert‐WLI group and 1.36%, 0.78%, and 1.36% in the TXI2 group, respectively.ConclusionsIn screening endoscopy, the detectability of differentiated GC and L‐region lesions and surface depressed‐type lesions after H. pylori eradication was higher in TXI2.
Differential ecological adaptation of diverse Chaetoceros species revealed by metabarcoding analysis
Authors: Cui Zongmei , Liu Shuya , Xu Qing , Zhao Yongfang , Chen Nansheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChaetoceros is a species‐rich genus of marine planktonic diatoms that play an important role in marine ecosystems both as primary producers and as species causing harmful algal blooms (HABs). In this study, we analyzed the composition and dynamic changes in Chaetoceros species in Jiaozhou Bay, China, using metabarcoding analysis of time‐series samples for the first time. Through analyzing samples collected monthly from 12 sampling sites, 25 species of Chaetoceros were detected, including nine species that were not previously reported in this ocean region, highlighting the strength of metabarcoding analysis of Chaetoceros species. Many Chaetoceros species showed strong seasonal preferences, with some species dominating in winter and spring, while others showing prominence in summer and autumn, suggesting sophisticated differential ecological adaptation. With the construction of more comprehensive datasets of reference barcodes, metabarcoding analysis could be used as the next‐generation method in ecological research on Chaetoceros species and phytoplankton species of other genera.
Investigation of Oldroyd‐B fluid flow and heat transfer over a stretching sheet with nonlinear radiation and heat source
Authors: Goyal Mamta , Sharma Surbhi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe given investigation concerns the study of non‐Newtonian Oldroyd‐B fluid flow across a permeable surface along with nonlinear thermal radiation, chemical reactions, and heat sources. Equations modified are thus numerically evaluated by employing bvp4c‐technique. Obtained outcomes are exhibited graphically. Pictorial notations are used to investigate the consequences of necessary parameters of velocity, energy, and mass. Acquired outcomes provide promising agreement with already established consequences provided in the open literature. The obtained results guided that magnetic field parameter (), porosity parameter (), Deborah number reduce momentum boundary layer thickness, furthermore, growth in the relevant Deborah number improves the corresponding momentum boundary layer.
Evaluation of solid electrolytes: Development of conventional and interdisciplinary approaches
Authors: Tufail Muhammad Khurram , Zhai Pengbo , Khokar Waquar , Jia Mengyang , Zhao Ning , Guo Xiangxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSolid‐state lithium batteries (SSLBs) have received considerable attention due to their advantages in thermal stability, energy density, and safety. Solid electrolyte (SE) is a key component in developing high‐performance SSLBs. An in‐depth understanding of the intrinsic bulk and interfacial properties is imperative to achieve SEs with competitive performance. This review first introduces the traditional electrochemical approaches to evaluating the fundamental parameters of SEs, including the ionic and electronic conductivities, activation barrier, electrochemical stability, and diffusion coefficient. After that, the characterization techniques to evaluate the structural and chemical stability of SEs are reviewed. Further, emerging interdisciplinary visualization techniques for SEs and interfaces are highlighted, including synchrotron X‐ray tomography, ultrasonic scanning imaging, time‐of‐flight secondary‐ion mass spectrometry, and three‐dimensional stress mapping, which improve the understanding of electrochemical performance and failure mechanisms. In addition, the application of machine learning to accelerate the screening and development of novel SEs is introduced. This review article aims to provide an overview of advanced characterization from a broad physical chemistry view, inspiring innovative and interdisciplinary studies in solid‐state batteries.
Zombie companies in China in the COVID‐19 era
Authors: Zhao Jingchen , Wei Chuyi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 poses novel sources of uncertainty and risk to companies, but it also offers many opportunities. In the COVID‐19 era, unprecedented government and central bank interventions to tackle the economic crisis precipitated by the pandemic have reinvigorated the debate on the threat of a zombification of the economy in China, caused by unviable companies being kept alive artificially. This particular consequence of COVID‐19 may aggravate the economic problem of zombie companies in China, increase the risk of further zombification, and create new zombie companies. Recognizing the risk factors of zombie companies and revisiting corporate insolvency law in China, this article aims to address a gap in knowledge related to how zombie companies are being handled in practice in China in the era of the pandemic. In particular, we will investigate the definition, recognition, and uniqueness of zombie companies in the context of COVID‐19, and propose several policy actions, primarily through Chinese insolvency law, to mitigate the risk of the return of zombie companies or a further zombification of the economy. It is anticipated that these measures will help to enhance China's sustainable economic recovery in the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic.
AREL1 resists the apoptosis induced by TGF‐β by inhibiting SMAC in vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Li Yun , Song Yunhong , Liang Yulian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAbnormal apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells is an important feature of arteriosclerosis (AS). Here, we induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) using transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), and investigated the role of antiapoptotic E3 ubiquitin ligase (AREL1) in the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells. We proved that AREL1 is downregulated in TGF‐β treated HUVECs. The overexpression of AREL1 inhibits the activation of Caspase‐3 and Caspase‐9 and attenuates cell apoptosis induced by TGF‐β. According to the result of coimmunoprecipitation, AREL1 interacts with the proapoptotic proteins the second mitochondria‐derived activator of caspases (SMAC) in TGF‐β treated HUVECs. In addition, miR‐320b inhibits the expression of AREL1, and the overexpression of AREL1 attenuates the apoptosis induced by miR‐320b mimics in HUVECs. In conclusion, AREL1 is downregulated by miR‐320b. AREL1 overexpression inhibits TGF‐β induced apoptosis through downregulating SMAC in vascular endothelial cells. Our study explores pathogenesis regulation mechanism and new biological therapeutic targets for vascular disease.
Sex‐specific difference in agonistic sounds depends on size of sonic organs in fishes: Testing the hypothesis in the croaking gourami (Labyrinth fishes)
Authors: Mischling Elean , Ladich Friedrich 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn most vocal fish species, females possess smaller sound‐generating organs and vocalize less than males. In certain cases females lack sonic organs, in others differences between sexes are unknown. This study analyzes in detail the relationship between sexual dimorphism of sonic organs and the characteristics of agonistic behavior and of sounds recorded under the same behavioral conditions in a vocal fish species, the croaking gourami Trichopsis vittata. During agonistic contests both sexes stretch and pluck two enhanced (sonic) tendons when beating pectoral fins alternately, resulting in a series of double‐pulsed bursts, termed croaking sound. The following anatomical, behavioral, and acoustic variables were analyzed: diameter of enhanced tendons in each specimen, duration of same‐sex dyadic contests, number and duration of lateral display bouts and of sounds, number of single‐ and double‐pulsed bursts, burst period, peak‐to‐peak amplitudes of pulses, dominant frequency and sound pressure level (SPLrms). Female sonic tendons were approximately one‐fifth smaller than male's of the same size. Six out of seven behavioral variables did not differ between sexes. Sound characteristics were similar in both sexes except for SPLs, which were on average 5 dB lower in females. The degree of sexual dimorphisms in sonic organs may explain differences in sound characteristics. Sounds differ only in one sound characteristic (SPLrms) in T. vittata, in contrast with the congeneric Trichopsis pumila which possesses a more pronounced sexual dimorphism in sonic organs and in which agonistic sounds differ in all sound properties between sexes.
Lack of vitamin B12 impairs innate and adaptive immunity of Cuban tree frog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) tadpoles
Authors: Warfel Hannah C. , Wilcoxen Travis E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVitamin B12 is a micronutrient required by a variety of organisms for healthy cellular functioning. Despite the systemic effects observed in cases of B12 deficiency, relatively little is known about how vitamin B12 affects immune health, especially in amphibians, which are declining at unprecedented rates. In this study, we tested how supplementing an algae diet with B12 affects the innate and adaptive immunity of Cuban tree frog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) tadpoles. We found that innate immunity, as measured by a bacterial killing assay, was significantly more robust in B12‐supplemented tadpoles than control tadpoles, but no significant differences were found in natural antibody production or hematocrit between groups. Adaptive immunity, as measured byAeromonas hydrophila‐specific IgY antibodies, was significantly greater in tadpoles challenged withA. hydrophilaand supplemented with B12 than in control tadpoles, those only challenged withA. hydrophila, and those only given B12. Our results suggest that vitamin B12 is an important factor in maintaining a functional immune system in tadpoles, which may also be true for all vertebrates.
The impact of chasing stress on the metabolism of the Atlantic Ghost Crab Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius, 1787)
Authors: Vogt Éverton Lopes , Model Jorge Felipe Argenta , Lima Matheus Vieira , de Souza Samir Khal , Rocha Débora Santos , Fabres Rafael Bandeira , de Amaral Marjoriane , Simões Leonardo Airton Ressel , Vinagre Anapaula Sommer 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOcypode quadrata, a Ghost crab species found along the western Atlantic coast, is considered a bioindicator of anthropogenic impact on sandy beaches. Ghost Crabbing, a touristic activity in which ghost crabs are chased just for fun, is a potentially threatening activity for this crab. In crustaceans, metabolites such as glucose and lactate, and the gene expression of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) increase when the animals are exposed to several types of stress, including alterations in temperature, salinity, or exposure to xenobiotics. This work was developed to identify if being chased by humans would affect these markers of stress in this species of crab. The effects of chasing stress on hemolymph and tissue metabolites and the gene expression levels of CHH and HSP70 were investigated. The levels of lactate in the hemolymph of stressed crabs were six times higher than those of control crabs immediately after chasing and decreased progressively during recovery, indicating an active anaerobic metabolism during the stress. On the contrary, glucose levels in the hemolymph of the stressed crabs increased progressively from 30 to 60 min after chasing, indicating an inverse correlation between glucose and lactate and the conversion of lactate to glucose by gluconeogenesis. In stressed crabs, the levels of triglycerides in the hemolymph decreased 30 min after chasing, while the opposite tended to occur in the hepatopancreas, indicating that during recovery, the crabs use triglycerides as energy source to sustain aerobic metabolism. Finally, this study demonstrates that ghost crabs are stressed by minimum human contact and that “ghost crabbing” must not be encouraged as a tourist activity.