bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conjunctival Kaposi's Sarcoma as an Initial Diagnosis of AIDS
Authors: Guerrero-Becerril Jesus , Vera-Duarte Guillermo Raul , Jin Kim Hae , Müller-Morales Carlos Adolfo , Navas Alejandro , Graue-Hernandez Enrique O. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:To report an interesting and rare case of conjunctival Kaposi's sarcoma, which led to the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in a 25-year-old male.Methods:Interventional case report. A 25-year-old male presented with an asymptomatic red-violaceous lesion on his left eye for approximately 3 weeks. He had a history of tattooing 2 years ago, otherwise, his medical history was unremarkable.Results:HIV viral load of 451,958 copies/mL and 74 CD4+cells were reported, confirming the diagnosis of HIV infection. An excisional biopsy was performed which reported neoplastic cells, vascular channels lined up with red blood cells, and highly mitotic cells, immunohistochemical reactions were carried out as well and were all positive for human herpesvirus-8, factor VIII, and CD31, confirming Kaposi's sarcoma (KS).Conclusions:Nowadays KS is very rare. The clinical characteristics of the neoplasm, absence of remarkable medical history at the time of presentation, prompt diagnosis of AIDS, and rapid treatment make this an interesting and important case for all ophthalmologists to diagnose AIDS.
Complications of Silicone Fillers in Gluteal Augmentation: An Unusual Case of Filler Migration and Granuloma Formation
Authors: Mortada Hatan , Murrad Khalid , Alkadi Danah , AlAbdali Ahmed , Alhamzah Hamzah Ali , Kattan Abdullah 
Published: September 2023

Summary:
Silicone liquid (polydimethylsiloxane) is an inert material commonly used for cosmetic purposes. A combination of both systematic and local devastating complications can cause end-organ toxicity and multi-organ dysfunction. In this article, we examine the literature and present a case of a patient who presented with lower extremity filler migration and granuloma formation 11 years post gluteal silicone injection. A 31-year-old woman who had received a gluteal silicone injection 11 years ago was experiencing painful erythema, progressive fibrosis, and swelling as the result of the injection. The patient was diagnosed with postfiller autoimmune syndrome. Multiple surgical interventions were conducted to remove the permanent filler from her left knee. As a result of multiple surgical sessions, the patient has been managed successfully with no relapses. This case demonstrated complications of an unusual silicone injection technique for gluteal augmentation. Despite silicone being considered inert, complications can arise years after injection, necessitating extensive medical intervention. This case also raises questions regarding the systemic effects of silicone fillers, warranting further research. Through this report, we aimed to enhance awareness and management of similar future cases.
Comparing Postoperative Taping vs Customized 3D Splints for Managing Nasal Edema after Rhinoplasty
Authors: Patel Anmol , Townsend Alexandra N. , Gordon Alexandra R. , Schreiber Jillian S. , Tepper Oren M. , Layke John 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Significant swelling after rhinoplasty can temporarily obscure results and lead to distress for patients and surgeons. We recently developed three dimensional (3D)-printed nasal splints that aim to protect the nose and limit edema by applying gentle compression. This prospective, randomized study compares postoperative nasal edema in patients being treated with traditional taping versus 3D-printed splints.

Methods:
Patients undergoing primary rhinoplasty (2019–2020) were randomized into two groups: taping versus 3D-printed splinting. For 12 weeks, patients either applied steri-strips to the dorsum and tip, or used 3D-printed splints, which were based on nasal simulations. The percentage change in volume (cm3) was calculated for the total nose, dorsum, and nasal tip at various time points.

Results:
Nasal taping (n = 34) demonstrated a volume reduction of 4.8%, 9.9%, 10.0%, 10.3%, and 10.6% (compared with baseline) at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year, respectively. In contrast, the resolution of swelling with 3D splints (n = 36) was 5.0%, 8.6%, 11.0%, 14.9%, and 15.1% at the same time points. Inter-group comparison showed that 3D splints led to significantly less edema of the total nose at 6 months and 1 year (P ≤ 0.05), as well as consistent reductions in the tip and dorsum, specifically (1 year, P ≤ 0.1, 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions:
3D-printed splints after rhinoplasty leads to a significant reduction of edema, most noticeable at 6 months and 1 year. This study suggests that customized 3D-printed splints offer an effective clinical alternative to traditional taping to reduce postoperative edema after rhinoplasty.
Infected Galactorrhea after Augmentation Mastopexy: A Clinical Case
Authors: Suslavičius Kristupas A. , Jakutis Nerijus , Sakalauskaitė Indrė 
Published: September 2023

Summary:
We report the case of a 35-year-old female patient who presented with stabbing pain on inspiration and expiration, fever, and dyspnea. The patient had undergone breast augmentation with mastopexy and upper quadrant liposuction 5 days earlier. Seven days after hospitalization, a fistula ruptured in the left breast at the suture, and copious outflow of thick whitish fluid was observed. The breast implants were then removed. During surgery, a small amount of fluid was found, and bacterial culture revealed a Cutibacterium acnes infection, for which antibiotics were prescribed. Fifteen days after implant removal, the patient complained of uncomfortable tingling sensations, similar to breastfeeding. A dressing was applied, which resulted in the copious discharge of whitish, viscous fluid through the wound and nipple. The prolactin level was four times higher than the normal range. The patient was diagnosed with hyperprolactinemia and prescribed bromocriptine treatment, which restored her prolactin levels to normal within 4 days. After 4 weeks of hospitalization, the patient was discharged in good condition. This is the first case in the world to show that, in addition to infection, galactorrhea can be an extremely rare complication, which in our case was detected at a late stage at a similar clinic.
Telomere length and risk of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma in 63,272 individuals from the general population
Authors: Gellert-Kristensen Helene , Bojesen Stig E. , Tybjærg Hansen Anne , Stender Stefan 
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims:
Inherited short telomeres are associated with a risk of liver disease, whereas longer telomeres predispose to cancer. The association between telomere length and risk of HCC and cholangiocarcinoma remains unknown.

Approach and Results:
We measured leukocyte telomere length using multiplex PCR in 63,272 individuals from the Danish general population. Telomere length and plasma ALT concentration were not associated (β = 4 ×10−6, p-value = 0.06) in a linear regression model, without any signs of a nonlinear relationship. We tested the association between telomere length and risk of cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma using Cox regression. During a median follow-up of 11 years, 241, 76, and 112 individuals developed cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma, respectively. Telomere length and risk of cirrhosis were inversely and linearly associated (p-value = 0.004, p for nonlinearity = 0.27). Individuals with telomeres in the shortest vs. longest quartile had a 2.25-fold higher risk of cirrhosis. Telomere length and risk of HCC were nonlinearly associated (p-value = 0.009, p-value for nonlinearity = 0.01). This relationship resembled an inverted J-shape, with the highest risk observed in individuals with short telomeres. Individuals with telomeres in the shortest versus longest quartile had a 2.29-fold higher risk of HCC. Telomere length was inversely and linearly associated with the risk of cholangiocarcinoma. Individuals with telomeres in the shortest versus longest quartile had a 1.86-fold higher risk of cholangiocarcinoma.

Conclusions:
Shorter telomere length is associated with a higher risk of cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma.
Construction of curcumin-loaded micelles and evaluation of the anti-tumor effect based on angiogenesis
Authors: Liu Rui , Liu Zhongyan , Guo Xueli , Kebebe Dereje , Pi Jiaxin , Guo Pan 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis has become a new targeted tumor therapy. In this study, we established a micellar carrier with a tumor neovascularization-targeting effect modified by the neovascularization-targeting peptide NGR.

Methods:
The targeted polymer poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) modified with Asn–Gly–Arg (NGR) peptide was prepared and characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry. NGR-PEG-PLGA was used to construct curcumin (Cur)-loaded micelles by the solvent evaporation method. The physicochemical properties of the micelles were also investigated. Additionally, we evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the polymer micelles (PM) using in vitro cytology experiments and in vivo animal studies.

Results:
The particle size of Cur-NGR-PM was 139.70 ± 2.51 nm, and the drug-loading capacity was 14.37 ± 0.06%. In vitro cytological evaluation showed that NGR-modified micelles showed higher cellular uptake through receptor-mediated endocytosis pathways than did unmodified micelles, leading to the apoptosis of tumor cells. Then, in vivo antitumor experiments showed that the modified micelles significantly inhibited tumor growth and were safe.

Conclusions:
NGR-modified micelles significantly optimized the therapeutic efficacy of Cur. This strategy offers a viable avenue for cancer treatment.
Paper waste from instructions for use brochures in cataract surgery implant packaging in Europe and the United States
Authors: Stern Benjamin , Rampat Radhika , Shahnazaryan David , Gatinel Damien 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
To assess the extent of paper waste generated per year by instructions for use (IFUs) brochures included in intraocular lens (IOL) packaging in Europe and the U.S.

Setting:
Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; Center for Sight, London, United Kingdom.

Design:
Experimental study.

Methods:
A sample of IOLs were collected and each IFU was weighed. In addition, the cumulative weight of these brochures used in cataract surgeries performed annually in Europe and the U.S. was estimated, and the potential annual paper conservation that could be achieved if all manufacturers adopted electronic IFUs (e-IFUs) in Europe and the U.S. was determined.

Results:
The mean and standard deviation of the weight for overall IFUs, classic IFUs, and e-IFUs were 17.6 ± 13.8 g, 23.5 ± 13.2 g, and 2.9 ± 1.9 g, respectively. The estimated cumulative weight of paper generated from the IFUs accompanying implants used in European and U.S. cataract surgeries is 153 tons. If all manufacturers transition to e-IFUs, the cumulative weight saved would be 128 tons (−84%), equivalent to 120 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent and the preservation of more than 2000 trees annually.

Conclusions:
The classic IFUs in IOL packaging result in a significant amount of paper waste annually. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rapid transition to e-IFU technology. The adoption of e-IFUs has already been authorized in Europe and the U.S., and it is crucial to expedite this process.
Using adaptive optics to optimize the spherical aberration of eyes implanted with EDOF and enhanced monofocal intraocular lenses
Authors: Shetty Naren , Shetty Rohit , Ranade Reshma , Narasimhan Raghav , Artal Pablo , Nuijts Rudy M.M.A. , Sinha Roy Abhijit 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
To assess the effect of change in ocular spherical aberration (SA) with adaptive optics on visual acuity (VA) at different defocus after implantation of extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) and enhanced monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Settings:
Narayana Nethralaya Eye Hospital, Bangalore, India.

Design:
Prospective, longitudinal, observational.

Methods:
80 eyes (40 patients) that had cataract surgery were included in the study. 40 eyes were implanted with Eyhance EDOF IOLs and the remaining with Vivity EDOF IOLs. Baseline ocular aberrations were measured with a visual adaptive optics aberrometer, then the optimal SA was determined by increasing it in steps of −0.01 μm up to −0.1 μm until the maximum improvement in near distance VA was observed for a given eye. Then the defocus curve for each eye was measured after modifying the ocular SA by magnitude equal to optimal SA.

Results:
Most of the eyes accepted a negative induced SA of −0.05 μm (Eyhance group: 67.6%; Vivity group, 45.2%). In the Eyhance group (dominant eyes), VA improved at −2 diopters (D) (P < .02) only and degraded at 0 D, +0.5 D, and +1 D defocus (P < .05). In the Vivity group, the VA remained unchanged at all defocus (P > .05). In the Eyhance group (nondominant eyes), VA improved at −3.5 D defocus only and degraded at +1.5 D and +2 D defocus (P < .05). In the Vivity group, VA improved at −2.5 D defocus (P < .05) only.

Conclusions:
A negative induced SA of −0.05 μm in implanted eyes was optimal for a slight improvement in distance-corrected near and intermediate VA without any significant decrease in baseline distance-corrected VA.
Gut microbiota dysbiosis alters chronic pain behaviors in a humanized transgenic mouse model of sickle cell disease
Authors: Kashyap Yavnika , Wang Zaijie Jim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Pain is the most common symptom experienced by patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) throughout their lives and is the main cause of hospitalization. Despite the progress that has been made towards understanding the disease pathophysiology, major gaps remain in the knowledge of SCD pain, the transition to chronic pain, and effective pain management. Recent evidence has demonstrated a vital role of gut microbiota in pathophysiological features of SCD. However, the role of gut microbiota in SCD pain is yet to be explored. We sought to evaluate the compositional differences in the gut microbiota of transgenic mice with SCD and nonsickle control mice and investigate the role of gut microbiota in SCD pain by using antibiotic-mediated gut microbiota depletion and fecal material transplantation (FMT). The antibiotic-mediated gut microbiota depletion did not affect evoked pain but significantly attenuated ongoing spontaneous pain in mice with SCD. Fecal material transplantation from mice with SCD to wild-type mice resulted in tactile allodynia (0.95 ± 0.17 g vs 0.08 ± 0.02 g, von Frey test, P < 0.001), heat hyperalgesia (15.10 ± 0.79 seconds vs 8.68 ± 1.17 seconds, radiant heat, P < 0.01), cold allodynia (2.75 ± 0.26 seconds vs 1.68 ± 0.08 seconds, dry ice test, P < 0.01), and anxiety-like behaviors (Elevated Plus Maze Test, Open Field Test). On the contrary, reshaping gut microbiota of mice with SCD with FMT from WT mice resulted in reduced tactile allodynia (0.05 ± 0.01 g vs 0.25 ± 0.03 g, P < 0.001), heat hyperalgesia (5.89 ± 0.67 seconds vs 12.25 ± 0.76 seconds, P < 0.001), and anxiety-like behaviors. These findings provide insights into the relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and pain in SCD, highlighting the importance of gut microbial communities that may serve as potential targets for novel pain interventions.
Co-occurrence of chronic pain and anxiety/depression symptoms in U.S. adults: prevalence, functional impacts, and opportunities
Authors: De La Rosa Jennifer S. , Brady Benjamin R. , Ibrahim Mohab M. , Herder Katherine E. , Wallace Jessica S. , Padilla Alyssa R. , Vanderah Todd W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Co-occurrence of chronic pain and clinically significant symptoms of anxiety and/or depression is regularly noted in the literature. Yet, little is known empirically about population prevalence of co-occurring symptoms, nor whether people with co-occurring symptoms constitute a distinct subpopulation within US adults living with chronic pain or US adults living with anxiety and/or depression symptoms (A/D). To address this gap, this study analyzes data from the 2019 National Health Interview Survey, a representative annual survey of self-reported health status and treatment use in the United States (n = 31,997). Approximately 12 million US adults, or 4.9% of the adult population, have co-occurring chronic pain and A/D symptoms. Unremitted A/D symptoms co-occurred in 23.9% of US adults with chronic pain, compared with an A/D prevalence of 4.9% among those without chronic pain. Conversely, chronic pain co-occurred in the majority (55.6%) of US adults with unremitted A/D symptoms, compared with a chronic pain prevalence of 17.1% among those without A/D symptoms. The likelihood of experiencing functional limitations in daily life was highest among those experiencing co-occurring symptoms, compared with those experiencing chronic pain alone or A/D symptoms alone. Among those with co-occurring symptoms, 69.4% reported that work was limited due to a health problem, 43.7% reported difficulty doing errands alone, and 55.7% reported difficulty participating in social activities. These data point to the need for targeted investment in improving functional outcomes for the nearly 1 in 20 US adults living with co-occurring chronic pain and clinically significant A/D symptoms.
Improving self-efficacy in behavioral health through interprofessional education
Authors: Wynn Stephanie T. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Interprofessional education (IPE) is important in preparing health profession students to practice in a workforce dependent on teamwork and collaboration. Many health profession students graduate without ever having active shared learning experiences in the academic setting. Opportunities for students to participate in activities that promote self-efficacy in competencies related to interprofessional collaborative practice are essential. The purpose of the project was to assess health profession students' perception of self-efficacy related to the core competencies of IPE. The project used a pre/post quantitative survey research design comprising a sample of students enrolled in clinical practicums in behavioral health care settings. Using standardized patients, students participated in timed simulated encounters. Participants (n = 36) completed the 16-item Interprofessional Education Collaborative Competency Self-Assessment Tool on conclusion of the learning activity. Survey responses were scored on a 5-point Likert-type scale, with high scores indicating a stronger level of agreement of perceived self-efficacy. On the postsurvey, most items were rated as “agree” or “strongly agree.” Item means ranged from 4.64 to 4.81. A positive association was found between students' self-efficacy and the utilization of standardized patients within an interprofessional experiential learning activity. The intervention contributed to improving self-efficacy in interprofessional competencies related to collaborative interaction and values.
Validation of the Modified Location-based Resect-and-discard Strategy Requiring Pathology Examination of Sigmoid Diminutive Polyps
Authors: Dong Zhiyu , Zhang Qiongmei , Chen Ye , Qian Xue , Chen Ying , Xu Shuchang 
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims:
Recently, the location-based resect-and-discard (LBRD) strategy, which does not depend on optical diagnosis, was developed and demonstrated different surveillance interval agreement with the pathology-based reference in several researches. We aimed to evaluate the performance of LBRD in our first-time colonoscopy cohort, and improve the LBRD.

Methods:
The first-time colonoscopy with complete pathologic information were enrolled. The accuracy of LBRD strategy applied in diminutive polyps in different colonic segments was used as indicator to develop modified LBRD (mLBRD) strategy. Surveillance interval agreement with pathology-based reference was compared between LBRD and mLBRD. The ≥ 90% agreement with pathology was used as benchmark.

Results:
The polyps in sigmoid colon were significantly associated with higher proportion of neoplastic compared with polyps in rectum. The accuracy of LBRD applied in polyps in sigmoid colon were only 53.5%, which was significantly lower than that applied in polyps in other colonic segments. Thus, we hypothesized that mLBRD requiring pathology examination of diminutive polyps in sigmoid colon was more efficient in clinical use. The mLBRD significantly outperformed LBRD in surveillance interval agreement with pathology-based reference (90.2% vs. 83.4%, P<0.001), had lower proportion of patients assigned a longer surveillance interval (3.6% vs. 10.5%, P<0.001) and reached the benchmark, although the proportion of patients with an immediate surveillance interval recommendations and pathology examination avoided decreased.

Conclusions:
The mLBRD, but not LBRD, achieved sufficient surveillance interval agreement with pathology-based surveillance interval assignment and reduced over 30% of pathology examinations.
Terminal Lucidity in a Pediatric Oncology Clinic
Authors: Roehrs Philip , Fenwick Peter , Greyson Bruce , Kellehear Allan , Kothe Karalee , Nahm Michael , Roe Chris , Tassell-Matamua Natasha , Woollacott Marjorie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The sporadic occurrence of unusually enhanced mental clarity before death has been documented over time and cultures, and reported in patients with and without neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, and other neurocognitive deficits, as well as those with nonterminal and terminal conditions. Using a purposive sampling method via existing professional networks, clinical presentations of terminal lucidity in pediatric populations, as witnessed by pediatric oncologists and medical personnel, were solicited. We document clinical presentations suggestive of terminal lucidity in children, which were compiled by their attending physician at two large tertiary pediatric hospitals. Unanticipated and unexplained changes in mental clarity, verbal communication, and/or physical capability in the days and hours before the death of the pediatric patients were observed. Each patient's medical condition should not have allowed for such changes. The phenomenon known as terminal lucidity provides a conceptual framework for these deviations, although more systematic documentation and clinical research is required before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
Meta-Analysis of Effects of Early Palliative Care on Health-Related Outcomes Among Advanced Cancer Patients
Authors: Cui Jiaxin , Fang Pei , Bai Jianjun , Tan Lanhui , Wan Changxiu , Yu Liping 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Early palliative care (PC) has received more attention for improving health-related outcomes for advanced cancer patients in recent years, but the results of previous studies are inconsistent.

Objectives
This study aimed to use meta-analysis and trial sequence analysis to evaluate the effect of early PC on health-related outcomes of advanced cancer patients.

Methods
All English publications were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to March 2023 with a restriction that the study type was a randomized controlled trial.

Results
The results showed that early PC positively affected quality of life, satisfaction with care, and symptom burden reduction. However, early PC had no significant effect on anxiety or survival. Trial sequence analysis results showed that the effect of early PC on the quality of life was stable.

Discussion
This systematic review suggested that early PC could positively affect health-related outcomes for advanced cancer patients. Early PC can be used widely in clinical settings to improve health-related outcomes of advanced cancer. However, because of the trial sequence analysis results, further well-designed, clinical, randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are necessary to draw definitive conclusions.