bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Streamer dynamics and periodical discharge regime transitions under repetitive nanosecond pulses with airflow
Authors: Zhao Zheng , Li Chenjie , Guo Yulin , Zheng Xinlei , Sun Anbang , Li Jiangtao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Although the nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) discharge normally stabilizes into one of three regimes (corona/glow/spark) in a pulse train, another nonintuitive instability recently proved that it could periodically swing between corona and spark regimes characterized by repeated spark quenches and reestablishments (Zhao et al 2022 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
31 045005). In this paper, we have further investigated the suitability of NRP discharge regime transitions for different pulsed power supplies and revealed dramatic effects of the gas flow on streamer dynamics that possibly lead to spark quenches. Pulse-sequence and temporally resolved electrical and optical diagnostics were implemented to capture discharge evolutions in long pulse trains. Periodical discharge regime transitions under long-term repetitive nanosecond pulses are prevalent under a transmission line transformer pulser and a commercially available FID pulser with parameter constraints. A minimum deposited energy per spark is required for the successive spark pattern. The spark channel before its quench statistically prefers to deviate upstream rather than following the straight axis or intuitively bending downstream to search for more remnants. Before spark quenches, the initial streamer already either exhibits a large radial ‘detour’ or propagates with a zig-zag profile along the periphery of previous spark regions. The periodical discharge regime transition and effects of the gas flow are qualitatively explained based on the plasma–source coupling, evolutions of dominant negative ion composition, and 3D streamer simulation. Periodical NRP spark quenches are probably initiated with the streamer ‘detour’ and then accelerated by the thermal-ionization feedback instability. Inhomogeneous residual charge distribution and accumulations of complex negative ions with high electron bound energies may facilitate the following discharge to search for the gas inlet. In-depth understanding of NRP discharge instabilities could be reached, which are fundamentally governed by residual charge transport and energy relaxation.
Study on heterogeneous Fenton reaction parameters for polishing single-crystal SiC using magnetorheological elastomers polishing pads
Authors: Hu Da , Li Huilong , Lu Jiabin , Yan Qiusheng , Xiong Qiang , Huang Zhanliang , Zhang Fenglin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Magnetorheological elastomers (MRE) are intelligent controllable materials used as polishing pads in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), and the magnetic particles in the MRE polishing pad are used as solid-phase catalysts for heterogeneous Fenton reactions for oxidizing single-crystal SiC surfaces, thereby helping reduce the processing difficulty and obtain high-quality surfaces. The influence of the solid-phase catalyst (Fe3O4 mass fraction, particle size) and polishing solution environment (H2O2 concentration, pH value) on the CMP heterogeneous Fenton reaction polishing single-crystal SiC were investigated. The material removal behavior of the MRE polishing pad was investigated. The results demonstrated that the solid-phase catalyst, Fe3O4, has a better superior effect than the carbonyl iron powder (CIP). The polishing material removal rate (MRR) increased and the surface roughness (Ra
) decreased with an increase in the Fe3O4 mass fraction. Superior polishing results were obtained at a particle size of 0.3 μm. The higher the H2O2 concentration in the polishing solution, the greater the MRR, with lower Ra
at 10% concentration. The highest MRR and lowest Ra
were achieved at pH = 3 in acidic environments. During polishing, the heterogeneous Fenton reaction can significantly enhance the removal ability of polishing materials. The MRR increased by 33.4% with the heterogeneous Fenton reaction compared with those without the heterogeneous Fenton reaction, and the contribution of the heterogeneous Fenton reaction to total material removal was 25.03%. The analysis of the SiC–Abrasive–MRE polishing pad contact state revealed that the heterogeneous Fenton reaction can oxidize the SiC surface and reduce the surface hardness, increasing the indentation depth δwa
of the abrasive grain into the SiC surface and exhibiting greater material removal.
Semiclassical spin transport in LaO/STO system in the presence of multiple Rashba spin-orbit couplings
Authors: Kundu Anirban , Siu Zhuo Bin , Jalil Mansoor B A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The interaction between linear and cubic spin–orbit couplings with magnetic moments and mobile spin-polarized carriers in the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LaO/STO) system provides new avenues for spin transport applications. We study the interplay between linear and cubic Rashba spin orbit coupling (RSOC) on in-plane magnetic moments in the LaO/STO system using the Boltzmann transport theory based on the relaxation time approximation (RTA) and the more refined Schliemann-Loss (SL) delta-potential scattering model. In general, both methods yield a linear (quadratic) relationship in the spin accumulation (spin current) when one of the three RSOC strengths is varied and the other two fixed. The simultaneous presence of multiple types of RSOC with distinct angular dependencies facilitates the breaking of the k-space symmetry of the Fermi surface, thus ensuring a finite spin accumulation upon integration over the entire Fermi surface. While the oft-used RTA method is sufficiently accurate for spin accumulation calculations, the more refined SL model is required for spin current calculations because the RTA method neglects the anisotropy of the Fermi contour arising from the cubic RSOC terms. Based on the refined SL model and under optimal tuning of the RSOC parameters, the spin charge conversion in LaO/STO is predicted to reach a remarkable efficiency of 30%.
Cosmological constraints on decaying axion-like particles: a global analysis
Authors: Balázs Csaba , Bloor Sanjay , Gonzalo Tomás E. , Handley Will , Hoof Sebastian , Kahlhoefer Felix , Lecroq Marie , Marsh David J.E. , Renk Janina J. , Scott Pat , Stöcker Patrick 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Axion-like particles (ALPs) decaying into photons are known to affect a wide range of
astrophysical and cosmological observables. In this study we focus on ALPs with masses in the
keV–MeV range and lifetimes between 104 and 1013 seconds, corresponding to decays between
the end of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and the formation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB).
Using the CosmoBit module of the global fitting framework GAMBIT, we combine state-of-the-art
calculations of the irreducible ALP freeze-in abundance, primordial element abundances (including
photodisintegration through ALP decays), CMB spectral distortions and anisotropies, and
constraints from supernovae and stellar cooling. This approach makes it possible for the first
time to perform a global analysis of the ALP parameter space while varying the parameters of ΛCDM
as well as several nuisance parameters. We find a lower bound on the ALP mass of around ma
>
300 keV, which can only be evaded if ALPs are stable on cosmological timescales. Future
observations of CMB spectral distortions with a PIXIE-like mission are expected to improve this
bound by two orders of magnitude.
SImMER: A Pipeline for Reducing and Analyzing Images of Stars
Authors: Savel Arjun B. , Hirsch Lea A. , Gill Holden , Dressing Courtney D. , Ciardi David R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present the first public version of SImMER, an open-source Python reduction pipeline for astronomical images of point sources. Current capabilities include dark-subtraction, flat-fielding, sky-subtraction, image registration, FWHM measurement, contrast curve calculation, and table and plot generation. SImMER supports observations taken with the ShARCS camera on the Shane 3 m telescope and the PHARO camera on the Hale 5.1 m telescope. The modular nature of SImMER allows users to extend the pipeline to accommodate additional instruments with relative ease. One of the core functions of the pipeline is its image registration module, which is flexible enough to reduce saturated images and images of similar-brightness, resolved stellar binaries. Furthermore, SImMER can compute contrast curves for reduced images and produce publication-ready plots. The code is developed online at https://github.com/arjunsavel/SImMER and is both pip- and conda-installable. We develop tutorials and documentation alongside the code and host them online. With SImMER, we aim to provide a community resource for accurate and reliable data reduction and analysis.
An imputation approach for a time-to-event analysis subject to missing outcomes due to noncoverage in disease registries
Authors: Shih Joanna H , Albert Paul S , Fine Jason , Liu Danping 
Published: December 2022

Summary
Disease incidence data in a national-based cohort study would ideally be obtained through a national disease registry. Unfortunately, no such registry currently exists in the United States. Instead, the results from individual state registries need to be combined to ascertain certain disease diagnoses in the United States. The National Cancer Institute has initiated a program to assemble all state registries to provide a complete assessment of all cancers in the United States. Unfortunately, not all registries have agreed to participate. In this article, we develop an imputation-based approach that uses self-reported cancer diagnosis from longitudinally collected questionnaires to impute cancer incidence not covered by the combined registry. We propose a two-step procedure, where in the first step a mover–stayer model is used to impute a participant’s registry coverage status when it is only reported at the time of the questionnaires given at 10-year intervals and the time of the last-alive vital status and death. In the second step, we propose a semiparametric working model, fit using an imputed coverage area sample identified from the mover–stayer model, to impute registry-based survival outcomes for participants in areas not covered by the registry. The simulation studies show the approach performs well as compared with alternative ad hoc approaches for dealing with this problem. We illustrate the methodology with an analysis that links the United States Radiologic Technologists study cohort with the combined registry that includes 32 of the 50 states.
Dorsal posterior cingulate cortex responds to negative feedback information supporting learning and relearning of response policies
Authors: Wolff Susann , Brechmann André 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMany challenges in life come without explicit instructions. Instead, humans need to test, select, and adapt their behavioral responses based on feedback from the environment. While reward-centric accounts of feedback processing primarily stress the reinforcing aspect of positive feedback, feedback’s central function from an information-processing perspective is to offer an opportunity to correct errors, thus putting a greater emphasis on the informational content of negative feedback. Independent of its potential rewarding value, the informational value of performance feedback has recently been suggested to be neurophysiologically encoded in the dorsal portion of the posterior cingulate cortex (dPCC). To further test this association, we investigated multidimensional categorization and reversal learning by comparing negative and positive feedback in an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment. Negative feedback, compared with positive feedback, increased activation in the dPCC as well as in brain regions typically involved in error processing. Only in the dPCC, subarea d23, this effect was significantly enhanced in relearning, where negative feedback signaled the need to shift away from a previously established response policy. Together with previous findings, this result contributes to a more fine-grained functional parcellation of PCC subregions and supports the dPCC’s involvement in the adaptation to behaviorally relevant information from the environment.
The role of left insula mediating impaired error processing in response inhibition in adult heavy drinkers
Authors: Ikeda Yumiko , Funayama Takuya , Okubo Yoshiro , Suzuki Hidenori 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Identification of neurobiological mechanisms underlying development of alcohol use disorder is critical to ensuring the appropriate early-phase treatment and prevention of the disorder. To this aim, we tried to elucidate the disturbance of neural functions in heavy drinking, which can lead to alcohol use disorder. Because response inhibition is affected by alcohol use disorder, we examined neural activation and task performance for response inhibition using the Go/No-Go task in an fMRI paradigm in adult non-dependent heavy and light drinkers. We examined the neural activation for error processing and inhibitory control, components of response inhibition. We then investigated the mediating effect of the relevant neural substrate on the relationship between the level of alcohol drinking and task performance using mediation analysis. We found that heavy drinking significantly decreased activation in the left insula during error processing and increased the mean commission error rate for No-Go trials compared with light drinking. Mediation analysis demonstrated full mediation of the left insula activation during error processing for the relationship between drinking level and commission error rate. Our results suggested that left insula activation may be a neural marker pivotal for potential conversion to alcohol use disorder in individuals with high clinical risk such as heavy drinking.
Pre-operative oil ingestion reduces the probability of thoracic duct trunk ligation during esophagectomy
Authors: Yang Yong-Bo , Dai Liang , Wu Ya-Ya , Yan Wan-Pu , Liang Zhen , Lin Yao , Chen Ke-Neng 
Published: December 2022

Summary
Chylothorax is an important complication after esophagectomy. Ligation of the injured thoracic duct is the main method to prevent chylothorax after esophagectomy, but may be associated with adverse effects. Whether ligation of the injured tributary alone, keeping the main trunk intact, may suffice to prevent post-operative chylothorax is not well known. Since March 2017, 40 mL of olive oil was administered to patients posted for esophagectomy. We compared patients admitted between March 2017 and December 2019 with patients admitted between July 2014 and February 2017, who had not received pre-operative oil. The outcome measures were the need for thoracic duct main trunk or tributary ligation, development of chylothorax and missed ligation. There were 371 patients in the oil ingestion group and 308 patients in the standard control group. Chylothorax in the oil ingestion group was significantly lower than that in the standard control group (1.3% vs. 4.5%, P = 0.012). Chyle leak from thoracic duct tributaries was diagnosed in a significantly higher percentage (5.7% vs. 0.0%, P &lt; 0.001) and missed ligation of the injured thoracic duct was significantly lower (0.3% vs. 3.9%, P = 0.002) in the oil ingestion group compared with the standard control group. The incidence of post-operative chylothorax was not statistically different (6.3% vs. 10.0%, P = 1.000) between the tributary and the trunk ligation group. Pre-operative oil ingestion can help visualize the thoracic duct trunk and its tributaries during esophagectomy. Thus, non-selected thoracic duct trunk ligation and missed ligation during esophagectomy can be reduced. Precise ligation of the injured tributary while the main trunk is intact can also prevent post-operative chylothorax.
Reflecting on the advancements of HFrEF therapies over the last two decades and predicting what is yet to come
Authors: Piña Ileana L , Gibson Gregory T , Zieroth Shelley , Kataria Rachna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhat was once considered a topic best avoided, managing heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) has become the focus of many drug and device therapies. While the four pillars of guideline-directed medical therapies have successfully reduced heart failure hospitalizations, and some have even impacted cardiovascular mortality in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), patient-reported outcomes have emerged as important endpoints that merit greater emphasis in future studies. The prospect of an oral inotrope seems more probable now as targets for drug therapies have moved from neurohormonal modulation to intracellular mechanisms and direct cardiac myosin stimulation. While we have come a long way in safely providing durable mechanical circulatory support to patients with advanced HFrEF, several percutaneous device therapies have emerged, and many are under investigation. Biomarkers have shown promise in not only improving our ability to diagnose incident heart failure but also our potential to implicate specific pathophysiological pathways. The once-forgotten concept of discordance between pressure and volume, the forgotten splanchnic venous and lymphatic compartments, have all emerged as promising targets for diagnosing and treating heart failure in the not-so-distant future. The increase in heart failure-related cardiogenic shock (CS) has revived interest in defining optimal perfusion targets and designing RCTs in CS. Rapid developments in remote monitoring, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence promise to change the face of heart failure care. In this state-of-the-art review, we reminisce about the past, highlight the present, and predict what might be the future of HFrEF therapies.
Older adults experiencing polypharmacy preferred to continue their non-prescription products during a card sorting activity
Authors: Maitah Yehya , Rana Ruchi , Vordenberg Sarah E 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To explore the extent to which adults 65-years and older who reported taking 10 or more non-prescription products were interested in deprescribing.

Methods
During an online semi-structured interview, participants were asked to imagine their primary care provider raised the idea of deprescribing. Participants sorted each prescription and non-prescription medication into a category: continue, stop or lower (deprescribe), or unsure. Findings were summarized using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.

Key findings
Participants (n = 15) were interested in deprescribing 6% of the non-prescription medications (n = 12/207).

Conclusions
Older adults were resistant to deprescribing non-prescription products.
Identification, Pathogenicity, and Culture Conditions of a New Isolate ofCordyceps javanica(Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) From Soil
Authors: Xing Peixiang , Diao Hongliang , Wang Di , Zhou Wenwen , Tian Jing , Ma Ruiyan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study decribes a highly effective insecticidal isolate of Cordyceps javanica (Frieder. & Bally) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) named IJ-tg19, which was isolated from soil. Spray bioassays were performed with IJ-tg19 on Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) adults, third-instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and third-instar larvae of Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to determine the pathogenicity of the isolate. The corrected mortality rates for all three pests were 100% when the conidia concentration was 1 × 106 conidia/ml, the lowest concentration in this study, and the median survival times (MST) were 4, 4, and 3 d. The MST shortens with increasing conidia concentration. The effects of laboratory culture conditions on the sporulation and growth of the isolate were also studied. This isolate had the greatest conidia production and fastest growth rate on malt extract agar medium at 25°C. The amount of conidia produced had positive correlation to light duration, with the highest production at 24 hr light. The growth of mycelium can adapt to a moderately alkaline environment, but the optimum conidial production occurred at the pH of 7. Our finding and research will be useful in biocontrol programs that are considering using the new isolate of C. javanica against greenhouse pests.
Clerical independence and the religious field in post-colonial Mauritania
Authors: Thurston Alexander 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of the ‘religious field’, this paper examines the roles available to Mauritanian clerics at different points in the country’s postcolonial history. The paper retraces the interaction between an imam, his students, and the postcolonial state. Buddāh Wuld al-Būṣayrī (1920–2009), the longtime official imam of Mauritania’s capital Nouakchott, had state backing for much of his career and was an interlocutor for heads of state. Yet he periodically wielded his symbolic capital to criticize state policies, and he acted as a mentor to Salafīs, Islamists, and other activists, all without facing repression. His students and successors, however, faced an environment that was increasingly hostile to clerical dissent from the 1990s onward. Fiercer electoral competition, fragmentation within the religious field, and the advent of the Mauritanian iteration of the ‘Global War on Terror’ all undercut possibilities for clerical independence, as the state became more concerned about the constituencies for which individual clerics were perceived to speak. This case study sheds light on global dynamics in the Muslim world in an era where clerical independence is often constrained by expanding state power—including forms of ‘official Islam’ that seek to co-opt certain clerics while branding others as dissidents and troublemakers.
Progressive Grand Strategy: A Synthesis and Critique
Authors: Friedman Jeffrey A 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article evaluates emerging progressive ideas about US grand strategy. Progressives’ distinctive analytic premise is that structural inequality undermines America's national interests. To combat this problem, progressives recommend retrenching US primacy in a manner that resembles the grand strategy of restraint. However, progressives also seek to build a more democratic international order that can facilitate new forms of global collective action. Progressives thus advocate ambitious international goals at the same time as they reject the institutional arrangements that the United States has traditionally used to promote its global agenda. No other grand strategy shares those attributes. After articulating the core elements of a progressive grand strategy, the article explores that strategy's unique risks and tradeoffs and raises several concerns about the theoretical and practical viability of progressive ideas.