bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uji Aktivitas Anti Bakteri Dari Formula Ekstrak Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) dan Batang Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) Secara In Vitro Test
Authors: Muzakky Fuad , Alkautsar Malika Ilma , Syawalia Anni Humayroh , Azizi Nabila Mirza , Rullyansyah Subhan 
Published: June 2023

Ciplukan leaves (Physalis angulata L.) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) are one of medicinal plants that contain antibacterial active compounds. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the combination formula between extracts of ciplukan leaves and cinnamon sticks against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in Vitro. Ciplukan leaves (Physalis angulata L.) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) were extracted by the maceration method with 70% ethanol. Ciplukan leaf extract (Physalis angulata L.) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) were tested against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria using the good method by measuring transmittance on a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 580 nm with 3 repetitions, 100 ppml standard Septromycin solution as control positive and aquadest as a negative dick. Inhibition zone diameter of ciplukan leaf extract (Physalis angulata L.) x̄ = 12.46 mm, Cinnamon Extract (Cinnamomum burmannii) x̄ = 18.93 mm, while in the formulation group x̄ = 22.45 mm. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of these data compared with Streptomycin activity (positive control) showed significant inhibitory activity by the formulated extract against S. aureus. Keywords: Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Ciplukan leaves (Physalis angulata L.) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii)
Pemanfaatan Video Pembelajaran Berbasis Canva dalam Pengenalan Politik Islam pada Siswa Kelas 5 SD
Authors: Melviana Melviana , Oktaviani Afifah Amaliah , Fadilah Hilda , Aeni Ani Nur 
Published: June 2023

Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya pemanfaatan aplikasi digital dalam proses pembelajaran. Aplikasi yang digunakan peneliti adalah aplikasi yang bernama Canva. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat pentinggnya media pembelajaran dengan mengikuti perkembangan teknoligi sekarang. Penelitian berbasis teknologi digital ini menggunakan media audio visual atau berbasis video. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriftif, dengan menggunakan metode D & D. Subjek penititian ini adalah siswa kelas V SDN Babakanhurip sumedang. Berdasarkan hasil angket dan observasi dapat dilihat bahwa penelitian ini memiliki hasil yang bagus. Terlihat bahwa penting bagi pendidik untuk dapat memanfaatkan teknologi yang ada. Dikarenakan belum terlalu banyak pendidik yang menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis video, peneliti memakukan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini dapat melihat antusiame anak dalam pembelajaran berbasis video animasi. Penilaian media pembelajaran dari guru PAI SD Babakanhurip mendapatkan 5 nilai sempurna yaitu 5 poin dari 8 pertanyaan, sisanya mendapatkan nilai 4 poin. Untuk penilaian kesesuaian materi dengan produk mendapatkan 1 poin sempurna dari 3 pertanyaan, sisanya mendapatkan nilai 4 poin. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa masih ada beberapa hal produk yang harus diperbaiki.
Penerapan SPPKB Melalui Teknik NHT Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Putri Indah Purnama 
Published: June 2023

In teaching mathematics, lecturers are not only required to be able to master the material being taught, but also must be able to present the subject matter in a systematic manner. One of the strategies that can be carried out by lecturers is implementing learning strategies to improve thinking skills (SPPKB) through techniques Numbered Heads Together (NHT) in learning mathematics. With SPPKB through NHT can increase the activity and learning outcomes of mathematics. The research data is the result of learning mathematics obtained from quizzes carried out 6 times. From the final test, it was obtained that the percentage of student learning completeness reached 70% with an average of 61.5. furthermore, to see student activities carried out observations. Observation data analysis was carried out using percentage techniques. Based on the results of observations at each meeting and each indicator, it can be seen the development of activities carries out by students during the learning process with SPPKB through the NHT technique.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Powtoon terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Tinggi Raja
Authors: Syahfitri Putri Ayu , Ananda Rusydi , Perkasa Ripho Delzy 
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine students' learning motivation in the learning process using powtoon learning media, to determine the implementation of social studies learning using powtoon learning media and to determine the effect of using powtoon learning media on student learning motivation. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Tinggi Raja, Jalan Danau Teratai, Dusun II Sawah, Tinggi Raja Village, Tinggi Raja District, Asahan Regency, North Sumatra Province. The data collection technique is using internal and external learning motivation questionnaires. Data analysis techniques in this study used descriptive and inferential analysis. Based on the results of the study that obtained a tcount of 1.088 while the ttable value was at a significance level of 5% with N = 60, a ttable of 1.67155 was obtained. The value of tcount < ttable is obtained, namely 1.088 < 1.67155 then Ha is rejected HO is accepted. So it can be concluded that there is no effect of the use of powtoon learning media on the learning motivation of class VII students of SMP Negeri 1 Tinggi Raja
Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension by Using Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) Technique
Authors: Simarmata Ester Julinda 
Published: June 2023

The objective of the study is to investigate whether the application of Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) Technique significantly improves the students’ achievement in reading narrative text. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of this research was the student class X IPA which consisted of 15 students. The research was conducted in two cycles. The first cycle consisted of three meetings and the second cycle consisted of three meetings. The instruments for collecting data were students’ score test, observation sheet and interview sheet. Based on analysis, students’ achievement is improved in every cycle test of reading narrative text. In the first cycle show that the level of students’ reading comprehension in narrative text was 69,33. In the second cycles show that the level of students’ ability in reading comprehension of narrative text can be improved by Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) Technique. The student were more active, motivated, cooperated and enthusiastic working in group. It means that most students got the points to comprehend reading text after applied the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) Technique.
Student’s Perception of Micro Teaching Course to Their Teaching Internship at The English Department of HKBP Nommensen University
Authors: Magdalena Pangaribuan Yolanda Erika , Sipayung Kammer Tuahman , Manurung Lastri Wahyuni , Situmorang Adi 
Published: June 2023

This study aims to find out student perceptions and benefits of the Micro Teaching Course for Teaching Internships at the English Department of HKBP Nommensen University. Researchers used a qualitative descriptive method. The population is seventh semester students of English education, amounting to 20 students. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews. To collect data, the researcher gave 20 statement in the form of a questionnaire and then distributed them to 20 students and 7 questions through interviews with 10 students. From the results of the questionnaire the researchers concluded that students felt helped by their experiences in microteaching, as many as 20 participants 70% of whom agree and 29,75% strongly agree that microteaching had an effect on increasing their skills in teaching, From the results of the interviews, the researcher also concluded that students' perceptions of the microteaching course had an impact on their teaching practices as evidenced by the students' narrative presentations. Students think that with microteaching students can improve their skills in making and teaching based on lesson plans, skills in explaining material, time management and increasing self-confidence in teaching.
معالم منهج القرآن الكريم في مبادرة الصلح وفض المنازعات بين الدول والشعوب
Authors: رشكو عمر برادوستي سردار , أبو بكر قادر أ.م.د. فائز 
Published: June 2023

إن هذا البحث جزء من أطروحة الدكتوراه يتناول معالم منهج القرآن الكريم في مبادرة الصلح وفض المنازعات بين الدول والشعوب، اذ يقوم البحث بدراسة أغلب المسائل المتعلقة بالصلح والتحكيم بين الدول الإسلامية وغيرهم.
اقتضت طبيعة الدراسة أن يسلك البحث منهج الموضوعي التحليلي وذلك بهدف الاطلاع والتعمق في معنى كل من لفظي: الصلح والتحكيم وما يتعلق بهما من الموضوعات من خلال النصوص القرآنية التي وردت في موضوع الدراسة وتحليلها، وبيان أقوال الفقهاء والمفسرين فيها، وذلك بالاعتماد على المصادر والمراجع الإسلامية، وكذلك تطرق البحث إلى بيان مسألة احتكام المسلمين إلى محاكم غير الإسلامية والانضمام المنظمات الدولية.
وفي الختام توصل البحث إلى عدة نتائج أهمها هي: إن منهج القرآن الكريم في التعامل مع الشعوب والأقوام مبني على مجموعة المبادئ والقيم الإنسانية التي يرفض كل أشكال الظلم والاعتداء والغدر والخيانة، وأن الأصل في العلاقات مع الدول هو السلم والاستقرار، وكذلك حث القرآن الكريم المسلمين بأن يتمسكوا بكل وسيلة سلمية تؤدي إلى الحوار والتقارب بين الحضارات ومعالجة المنازعات بالطرق السلمية.
منهجية كتابة المقدمات في بعض كتب الفرق والملل دراسة تحليلية
Authors: أ.د. ناهضة مطير حسن أ.د. ناهضة مطير حسن 
Published: June 2023

تُركِزْ هذه الدراسة على منهجية كتابة المقدمات (خطبة الكتب) لبعض امهات كتب الفرق والملل التي افتتح بها مؤلفوها كتبهم ، بمعنى انني لا اتناول تفاصيل الفرق وانقساماتها وعقائدها ، وانما اقف عند تلك المقدمات التي تفاوتت ما بين التلخيص والاسهاب ، من خلال ما يلي :
اولا ــ طريقة كتابة مقدمات المؤلفات اعلاه ونقدها .
ثانيا ــ الاسباب التي دفعتهم للكتابة في الملل والنحل من خلال تلك المقدمات .
ثالثا ــ منهجية كتابتها .
لا شك في ان لمذاهب المؤلفين تأثيرا كبيرا عليها ، يبدو هذا واضحا لكل من يقرأ الكتب اعلاه من خلال المدح لها وعقائدها عند ذكرها ، علما ان التأليف والتصنيف في الفرق الاسلامية والملل والنحل ازدهر في القرن الرابع الهجري وما تلاه اي في قمة الخلافات السياسية ــ المذهبية والفكرية إذ ركز بعضهم على التصنيف لفرقة واحدة وفروعها والافكار التي يؤمن بها اصحابها في حين تناول الاغلبية الفرق والملل الاسلامية وغير الاسلامية .
Citizenship and Postcolonialism: Interdisciplinary Reflections on Filipino Americans and their Pursuit of the American Dream
Authors: Manalang Aprilfaye 
Published: June 2023

This essay seeks to situate discussions of seminal Filipino intellectual Carlos Bulosan's (1946) America Is in the Heart, an early twentieth century autobiographical novel, within the literary trope of the “American dream,” and trace the themes present in his work within contemporary recorded experiences, or in this case, contemporary twenty-first century interviews: in-depth qualitative interviews and personal testimonies of Filipino American citizens. I will highlight the historical and ongoing ethos that Asian American immigrants face with respect to their citizenship, their relationship to the host-nation, or specifically the United States, and the sacrifices that have accompanied attempts of attaining the American dream. The US formally colonized the Philippines during the early twentieth century, a historical relationship that complicates this inquiry. Given the postcolonial dynamic, or that the Philippines is the only Asian country that the United States colonized on a clearly public policy level, how might this historical relation of power shape postcolonial citizenship? Moreover, how might Bulosan's understandings of citizenship connect with Filipino Americans’ notions of the American dream in the early twenty-first century? By reflecting through an interdisciplinary approach, I directly place into conversation a seminal Filipino American thinker from the twentieth century vis-à-vis Filipino Americans in the twenty-first century to interrogate notions of belonging and identity within the framework of the American dream.
PERAN GURU BK DALAM IMPLEMENTASI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN BELAJAR MASA PANDEMI SMP NEGERI 2 GRESIK
Authors: Purwitasari Maharani , Lathifah Maghfirotul , Sutijono Sutijono 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh fenomena yang terjadi yaitu pandemi yang mengharuskan pembelajaran disekolah dilakukan secara daring yang memberikan dampak bagi siswa dalam belajarnya. Bimbingan Belajar adalah aktivitas manusia secara sadar untuk mendapatkan perubahan tingkah laku, kemampuan, keterampilan maupun sikap dalam dirinya ke arah yang lebih baik sebagai hasil dari pengalaman dan interaksi dengan lingkungannya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran guru dan cara guru BK mengimplementasikan layanan bimbingan belajar dalam mengajar sebagai upaya meningkatkan belajar siswa pada saat mengikuti pembelajaran secara daring. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan angket dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini yaitu peran guru bimbingan dan konseling sangatlah penting dalam implementasi layanan bimbingan belajar di SMP N 2 Gresik selama masa pandemi, hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari kolaborasi antara guru BK dengan guru mapel di sekolah.
Afterlives of depopulated places
Authors: Đunda Dragan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Emptiness appears as a condition of possibility of two common visions of rural development in Serbia—extractivism and rural tourism. This article investigates the underlying sociocultural mechanisms of this relationship. It compares two mountainous villages in Serbia that were depopulated during modernization of Yugoslavia and included in hydropower investment schemes during the current energy transition yet ended up within different models of development and contrasting articulations of emptiness. In Rakita, emptiness takes the form of yearning for defective or absent infrastructure and serves as an asset in extractive projects. In Dojkinci, rural tourism has emerged as an alternative to extractivism. While both local communities and institutions take it as the last hope for depopulated but naturally exceptional localities, tourism brings commodification and increasing social differentiations.
Whose death, whose eco-revival?
Authors: Rajković Ivan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
When environmental activists in Serbia encountered decarbonization in form of predatory hydropower, they launched a massive campaign against an actual degrowth that plagued their depopulating lands. This bridging of environmental and reproductive concerns helped to create a broad ecopopulist alliance that saved the local rivers, and yet it sneaked in another quasi-universalist subject—urban, middle-aged, and male—who assumed a central role in the countryside eco-revival. As they “bring life back” to the “dying” Balkan Mountains, I argue, revivers also erase the ways of life that still thrive in their aging abodes. Such duality reveals emptiness as a problem space that is necropolitical inasmuch as it is vitalist. To direct the further flow of life means to decide who can survive—and who is anyhow destined to expire.
About the New Concept of National Security of Japan
Authors: Streltsov Dmitry V. 
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes new moments in Japan&apos;s national security policy introduced by the documents which have been adopted by the Japanese cabinet in December 2022 — National Security Strategy, National Defense Program Guidelines and Medium Term Defense Program. The main attention is paid to the depiction of the external security environment, and above all to the assessment of China and Russia as the countries of greatest concern from the point of view of security policy. Noting that the documents do not use the term &quot;threat&quot; in China&apos;s assessment, the author concludes that Japan takes a more cautious position than the United States, trying not to be drawn into a confrontation between superpowers. As for Russia, the greatest alarmism is expressed not in relation to its policy as such, but in relation to its potential blocking with China on an anti—Japanese basis — the main &quot;nightmare&quot; for Tokyo.
The article considers the issue of the &quot;counter-offensive&quot; missile potential provided for by the new strategy, which would allow Japan to strike at the enemy from a remote distance in the event of a direct threat to its security. The acquisition of such a potential has become particularly relevant for Japan in connection with the development of missile technologies of neighboring &quot;hostile&quot; countries — the DPRK and the PRC, as well as the general progress of missile weapons in the world, including the hypersonic ones. As part of the new approach, it is planned to create an integrated air and missile defense system that combines the capabilities of intercepting enemy missiles and counterattacking on strategic and military enemy targets.

An important change in the security policy will also be the acute increase in defense spending declared by the documents under review. The biggest problem lies in the unresolved issue of the financial sources of the defense budget, which must ensure the implementation of the adopted strategy.
Caffeine content and acidity levels of some non-alcoholic water-based beverages sold in Banda zone, Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Onen Patrick , Kissa Joel , Odokonyero Isaac , Esangu Emmanuel , Opio Boniface , Asiimwe Athony , Odongo Tonny , Jogunomi Temilola Basirat , Okwir Augastine , Niringiyimana Eric 
Published: June 2023

Background:The consumption of has gained attention due to its ability to promote acute benefits such as improved attention, cognitive performance, reduction of fatigue, increased wakefulness, and analgesia. However, the result of caffeine consumption is a concern, it is important to inform consumers about the caffeine content and acidity levels of all non-alcoholic water-based beverages.Methods:The samples were sonicated and subjected to analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet method and pH meter method for acidity content. Results: The highest concentration of caffeine was found in energy drink, ED; with 64.01±0.07 mg/L as compared to soft drinks, SD1; 20.20±0.02 mg/L, SD2; 23.14±0.08 mg/L, and SD3; 29.88±0.02 mg/L. All obtained concentrations were below the permissible levels for caffeine (200 mg/L) intake by the United States Food and Drug Administration. The study also showed that all the non-alcoholic beverages were acidic except bottled water in the sequence BW < ED < SD. The categorical range was bottled water; BW2; 8.01±0.03, BW1; 7.5±0.10, BW3; 7.5±0.11, BW4 6.85±1.38, and Energy drink; ED; 3.17±0.01, and finally, soft drinks; SD2; 2.82±0.02, SD1; 2.61±0.02, and SD3; 2.59±0.05. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study provide satisfactory information on the caffeine and acidity contents of the commonly consumed non-alcoholic water-based beverages in Banda, Kampala-Uganda. This in the future could pose serious health risks, since some individuals consume multiple servings of the drinks in a short time, which could result in intoxication/overdose.Keywords: caffeine, soft drinks, energy drinks, public health, Banda
PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PESANAN DALAM PENETAPAN HARGA JUAL PRODUK EKSPOR PT LOCATANI AGRO INDONESIA
Authors: Sari Novita , Vidyasari Rahmanita , Listiawati Rodiana 
Published: June 2023

Banyak perusahaan mengalami kekeliruan dalam penetapan harga jual produksi. Penetapan harga jual terlalu tinggi dapat mengakibatkan keadaan yang tidak menguntungkan bagi perusahaan. Sebaliknya jika harga jual terlalu rendah akan mengakibatkan laba yang diperoleh perusahaan rendah pula, bahkan mengalami kerugiaan, sehingga membutuhkan perhitungan harga pokok penjualan yang tepat. PT Locatani Agro Indonesia yang merupakan salah satu UMK yang memproduksi berbagai hasil olahan umbi yang mengambil hasil pertanian langsung dari petani umbi. Perusahaan ini masih menerapkan sistem tradisional dalam penentuan biaya pokok produknya, ditambah pula rencana untuk mengekspansi penjualan produk-produk mereka ke luar negri yang pastinya memiliki lebih banyak komponen biaya-biaya yang harus masuk dalam perhitungan biaya produksi. Melihat permasalahan tersebut maka tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan perhitungan harga pokok produksi untuk menetapkan harga jual ekspor produk PT Locatani. Agar perhitungan biaya langsung akurat,dibutuhkan salah satu metode untuk menghitungnya, yaitu metode harga pokok pesanan (Job Order Costing). Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode kualitatif deskriptif yang menganalisis dan mendiskripsikan biaya-biaya yang muncul dalam penjualan produk ekspor serta mendeskripsikan perhitungan harga pokok penjualan menggunakan metode harga pokok pesanan (job order costing) sebagai penentu harga jual produk ekspor. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa dengan menetapkan metode harga pokok pesanan sebagai dasar dalam perhitungan harga pokok untuk produk eskpor dapat membantu PT Locatani Agro Indonesia menetapkan harga jual ekspornya. Luaran dari penelitian ini adalah Harga pokok produk ekspor PT Locatani Agro Indonesia dengan metode job order costing.
Kata Kunci: harga pokok produksi (HPP), harga pokok pesanan (job order costing), produk ekspor
ANALISIS FAKTOR DETERMINASI INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Ani Septriani 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh belanja fungsi kesehatan, belanja fungsi pendidikan, pengangguran, dan pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia pada kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Bengkulu. Adapun jenis data dan alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data panel dan analisi regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan hasil regresi data panel, diperoleh fixed effect model sebagai model terbaik. Adapun hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji t diperoleh hasil bahwa secara parsial belanja fungsi kesehatan dan pengangguran memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia pada α=5%, sedangkan belanja fungsi pendidikan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia pada α=5%. Sementara berdasarkan uji F diperoleh hasil bahwa secara simultan belanja fungsi kesehatan, belanja fungsi pendidikan, pengangguran dan pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia pada α=5% dengan hasil nilai R-square sebesar 0.9927 atau sebesar 99,27 persen.
Kata kunci: Indeks Pembangunan Manusia; Belanja Fungsi Kesehatan; Belanja Fungsi Pendidikan; Pengangguran; Pertumbuhan Ekonomi.