bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of sex-specific disease patterns associated with human lifespan
Authors: Cruces-Salguero Sara , Sol Joaquim , Larrañaga Igor , Pamplona Reinald , Mar Javier , Jove Mariona , Matheu Ander 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Disability and multimorbidity increase with aging and constitute a challenge for the health system. However, different individuals display different aging trajectories, and understanding the underlying relationships between lifespan and disease is fundamental for identifying the different patterns in human lifespan. A previous study explored associations between lifespan and age of onset of diseases of different organ systems, prevalence of escapers, and percentage of life free of disease (health span), comparing them between genders in Catalonian population. In this retrospective study, we analyzed a cohort of 41,063 old individuals (20,722 men, with a mean lifespan of 79 years [50–109], and 20,341 women, with a mean lifespan of 84 years [50–109]) deceased between 2014 and 2019 in Gipuzkoa (Basque Country, Spain) taken from the Basque Health Service electronic health records data lake and analyzed and contrasted the above cited characteristics. Longevity, defined by age above the mean lifespan of the population, showed a protective effect against developing diseases, with higher lifespans delaying the onset of all diseases both at single and multisystemic levels. Furthermore, individuals with the lowest and highest lifespans were the ones presenting the healthier profiles, with fewer systems altered. There were specific differences according to sex, with women exhibiting decreased mortality risk despite having greater multimorbidity and men having less multimorbidity. In addition, men reached the highest lifespans with a smaller number of comorbidities. These results define the aging trajectories of the Basque population, extend the characterization of the human aging, and provide insight into sex-specific differences in multimorbidity and survival risk.
Crisis and Change in Post-Zeitenwende German Security Policy
Authors: Nabers Dirk , Stengel Frank A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article examines the nexus between crisis and change in the context of German security policy after the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Chancellor Olaf Scholz’s announcement of a Zeitenwende (historic turning point) on 27 February 2022, a few days after the Russian attack, suggests a substantial change in German foreign and security policy. Germany’s reorientation has renewed the debate about change and continuity in German foreign and security policy (notably regarding antimilitarism). Particularly prominent in the discourse is the notion of crisis, which this paper specifically focuses on. We ask first, at a theoretical level, how we can best understand the conceptual nexus between crisis and foreign policy change and second, empirically, how crisis and change are connected in the specific case of the German Zeitenwende. In the attempt to analyze the link between crisis and foreign policy change, we propose that understanding how once-unthinkable policies are made possible requires that we turn our attention to dynamics of discursive change. We illustrate the argument with a mixed-methods analysis of German parliamentary debates between 1987 and 2023.
Frauen mit Tötungsdelikten – im Maßregelvollzug und im Strafvollzug
Authors: Findeis Hannelore , Kröber Hans-Ludwig 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Arbeit ist es, Krankheits- und Lebensläufe sowie Merkmale der Tatkonstellationen psychisch erheblich gestörter und psychischer gesunder Frauen, die ein Tötungsdelikt begangen haben, darzustellen. Erfasst wurden alle im psychiatrischen Maßregelvollzug Berlins untergebrachten Frauen mit versuchtem oder vollendeten Tötungsdelikt. Von diesen 12 Patientinnen litten 9 unter einer schizophrenen Erkrankung, 2 unter einer Substanzabhängigkeit und eine unter einer Persönlichkeitsstörung. Diese Fälle werden im Hinblick auf relevante Merkmale beschrieben sowie kasuistisch skizziert. Parallel dazu werden die Fälle der 6 Frauen, die 2013 im Berliner Strafvollzug eine lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe wegen Mordes verbüßten, ihre Taten also bei voller Schuldfähigkeit begangen haben, knapp dargestellt. Deutlich wird bei dieser kleinen Gruppe, dass sich Tatmotivationen und soziale Kontexte sehr markant von denen psychisch gestörter Täterinnen unterscheiden. Im Geschlechtervergleich zeigte sich bei den Frauen eine wesentlich geringere Anzahl von vollendeten Tötungsdelikten, was nicht nur auf Unterschieden in der physischen Kraft, sondern auch der destruktiven Entschlossenheit beruhen könnte.
Small Interfering RNA Therapy for the Management and Prevention of Hypertension
Authors: Ren Liwei , Danser A. H. Jan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
To review currently existing knowledge on a new type of antihypertensive treatment, small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting hepatic angiotensinogen.

Recent Findings
Targeting angiotensinogen synthesis in the liver with siRNA allows reaching a suppression of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity for up to 6 months after 1 injection. This might revolutionize antihypertensive treatment, as it could overcome non-adherence, the major reason for inadequate blood pressure control. Animal data support that its effects on blood pressure and end-organ damage are fully comparable to those of classical RAS blockers, and phase I and II clinical trials confirm its antihypertensive effectiveness and long-term action. Although its side effect profile is placebo-like, its long-term effects also pose a threat in patients who require immediate restoration of RAS activity, like in shock. Here tools are being developed, called REVERSIR, that allow immediate annihilation of the siRNA effect in the liver.

Summary
One subcutaneous injection of angiotensinogen siRNA lowers blood pressure for 6 months without severe side effects. The decrease in angiotensinogen and blood pressure can be reversed with a drug called REVERSIR if needed.
China in the Year 2050: A Look Backwards
Authors: Bell Daniel A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article discusses China’s political history from 2025 to 2050. In 2025, there was strong support for the political system due to measures that curbed corruption, reduced pollution, and alleviated poverty, but intellectuals felt stifled by increased repression. From 2025 to 2035—known as China’s “Lost Decade”—China’s economy worsened and relations with the USA further deteriorated, nearly leading to war. The next fifteen years—known as China’s “Golden Age”—saw unparalleled prosperity, an open and pluralistic political system, the setting up of the East Asian Union, and sustained cooperation with the USA to deal with global challenges. Nobody knows what will happen after 2050, but we need optimistic and realistic political scenarios to inspire change for the future.
(When) Does Informal Labor Close Political Gender Gaps? Theory and Evidence from Urban India
Authors: Rains Emily 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There is a well-established link between women’s labor force and political participation. However, most of this literature focuses on women’s participation in the formal economy in high-income countries, while the vast majority of employed women in poorer countries work in the informal economy in positions that provide far fewer resources, networks, and skill-building opportunities than those in the formal economy. This article examines how women’s participation in the informal economy distinctly shapes their political engagement. I argue that (a) though participating in the informal economy is unlikely to increase interest in politics or civic-skill development that influences political efficacy, (b) working outside the home in any capacity expands women’s problem-solving networks in ways that facilitate group claim-making. I test the argument with original survey and social networks data from over 9000 urban slum households in three Indian cities. The findings elucidate why existing models linking women’s labor force participation and political participation may not generalize for much of the world’s labor force and contributes novel empirical evidence to a growing but nascent literature on the political implications of urban informality in the Global South.
Successful staged surgery for advanced esophageal cancer after conversion pancreatoduodenectomy with pancreaticogastrostomy
Authors: Sato Yuta , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Hatanaka Yuji , Horaguchi Takeshi , Fukada Masahiro , Yasufuku Itaru , Asai Ryuichi , Tajima Jesse Yu , Murase Katsutoshi , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Complex surgery during initial cancer treatment can limit surgical options when planning management of a secondary malignancy. Subtotal esophagectomy and pancreatoduodenectomy are the most invasive and difficult procedures in gastroenterological surgery. Surgical cases in which subtotal esophagectomy was performed after pancreatoduodenectomy with pancreaticogastrostomy are extremely rare and challenging procedures due to the resulting complicated anatomical changes.

Case presentation
A 60-year-old man with a history of conversion pancreatoduodenectomy with pancreaticogastrostomy for advanced pancreatic head cancer was diagnosed as having advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we chose a two-staged surgery with thoracoscopic subtotal esophagectomy. Following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, we performed subtotal esophagectomy, systematic lymph-node dissection, and esophagostomy as the first-stage operation. Fifty-six days later, we performed gastrointestinal reconstruction with pedicle jejunum and microvascular anastomosis by the percutaneous route as the second-stage operation. Postoperatively, the patient was relieved without major complications, and the tumors were amenable to curative pathologic resection.

Conclusions
The greatest advantages of staged surgery are to reduce surgical invasiveness and to circumvent the lower rate of curability. Our procedure reported here may be recommended as an option for staged resection and reconstruction in patients with advanced esophageal cancer after pancreatoduodenectomy with pancreaticogastrostomy.
Detection, quantification, and characterization of airborne Aspergillus flavus within the corn canopy
Authors: Weaver Mark A. , Park Lilly C. , Brewer Michael J. , Grodowitz Michael J. , Abbas Hamed K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aflatoxin contamination of corn can occur when developing kernels are infected by the plant pathogen Aspergillus flavus. One route of infection is from airborne conidia. We executed a series of experiments within the corn canopy during two growing seasons and in two states to document the abundance and dynamics of the airborne A. flavus population. We did not observe any significant diurnal changes in the conidial density (p = 0.171) or any effect of sampler height (p = 0.882) within the canopy. Significant changes (p < 0.001) were noted during the season, with a trend towards increased airborne populations with later stages of corn development and more than a 20-fold increase from July to August. The median aflatoxigenicity of airborne isolates from a corn canopy in Texas was about 50 times higher than the corresponding population in Mississippi. It was also noteworthy that highly aflatoxigenic, weakly sporulating S-morphotypes accounted for 14–30% of the airborne isolates in Mississippi at a site with historically rare abundance of S-morphotypes. The genetic diversity was high among the 140 analyzed airborne isolates, with 76 unique haplotypes identified and 55 haplotypes occurring only in 1 isolate. Even in the context of this highly diverse population, a haplotype matching that of a commercial biocontrol strain was found in 13 of the 70 isolates from Mississippi and 1 of the 70 isolates from Texas. The airborne A. flavus population is genetically diverse (Shannon’s index = 1.4 to 1.6), similar to grain samples in other surveys, and much less aflatoxigenic in Mississippi than in Texas.
Business Innovation and Internationalisation in Female-Owned Businesses: A Fuzzy-set QCA Approach
Authors: Machado Diana , Correia Aldina , Braga Alexandra , Salamzadeh Aidin , Braga Vítor 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Female entrepreneurship is increasingly important to create new jobs and contribute to countries’ social and economic growth. This paper aims to examine how innovation and internationalisation interact from a female entrepreneurship perspective. Our research was based on the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method as a means of exploring the causal complexity between female entrepreneurship (condition), innovation, and internationalisation (conditions and outcomes). Our results suggest that female entrepreneurship alone is neither a sufficient nor a necessary condition for the outcome (high internationalisation or innovation). Nevertheless, the results indicate that female entrepreneurship is important in achieving a high level of internationalisation. This study provides policymakers with evidence of the gains of promoting female entrepreneurship in their respective countries. Our study advances knowledge in two ways. It explores the interplay between innovation and internationalisation from the perspective of female entrepreneurship. It applies fuzzy-set methods to the three concepts simultaneously.
Evolution, Complexity, and Life History Theory
Authors: Veit Walter , Gascoigne Samuel J. L. , Salguero-Gómez Roberto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this article, we revisit the longstanding debate of whether there is a pattern in the evolution of organisms towards greater complexity, and how this hypothesis could be tested using an interdisciplinary lens. We argue that this debate remains alive today due to the lack of a quantitative measure of complexity that is related to the teleonomic (i.e., goal-directed) nature of living systems. Further, we argue that such a biological measure of complexity can indeed be found in the vast literature produced within life history theory. We propose that an ideal method to quantify this complexity lies within life history strategies (i.e., schedules of survival and reproduction across an organism’s life cycle), as it is precisely these strategies that are under selection to optimize the organism’s fitness. In this context, we set an agenda for future steps: (1) how this complexity can be measured mathematically, and (2) how we can engage in a comparative analysis of this complexity across species to investigate the evolutionary forces driving increases or, for that matter, decreases in teleonomic complexity.
The Sendai Framework and Satellite Security
Authors: Hamill-Stewart Jessie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 (SFDRR) aims to play a fundamental role in increasing global resilience. The focus of this research is to consider analysis of risks and recovery related to satellite disruption within the context of the SFDRR. Analysis of satellite disruption has often been more technical and less focused on supporting recovery. This research considers the framework’s relevance for preventing disruption to satellite systems and global recovery measures for related disasters that emerge due to dependence on satellites. First, the use of space terminology within the framework is considered. Next, principles within the SFDRR that are relevant to satellite system disruption are highlighted, and this is followed by presentation of key gaps relevant to this disruption, before potential improvements to expand the framework are proposed. This article outlines how concepts within the SFDRR could help to improve recovery from a disaster that occurs due to worst-case-scenario type satellite disruption. In this case, critical satellites are disrupted, preventing access to fundamental services such as navigation and timing. The aims of this research are to consider how the SFDRR can be expanded to consider disruption to critical satellite systems, by identifying aspects of the framework that are applicable to this type of disaster. Another outcome is to contribute to wider disaster recovery literature by encouraging consideration of disasters involving disruption to digital services.
Patient-physician communication in advanced kidney disease: a narrative review
Authors: Golsorkhi Mohadese , Ebrahimi Niloufar , Vakhshoori Mehrbod , Norouzi Sayna , Abdipour Amir 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The increasing prevalence of kidney failure highlights the crucial need for effective patient-physician communication to improve health-related quality of life and ensure adherence to treatment plans. This narrative review evaluates communication practices in the context of advanced kidney disease, focusing on the frameworks of shared decision-making, advanced care planning, and communication skills training among nephrologists. The findings highlight the significant gaps in patient-physician communication, particularly in the domains of advanced care planning, shared decision-making, and dialysis withdrawal. When communication in such situations falls short, it affects patient satisfaction and outcomes. Effective communication is essential for managing advanced kidney disease, requiring a patient-centered approach that includes patients, families, and healthcare providers in care planning. This review advocates for a more integrated, empathic approach to healthcare interactions, emphasizing the importance of including patients, their families, and healthcare providers in a collaborative model based on goals of care. Moreover, it highlights the role of patient-reported outcome measures and patient experience of care in assessing the quality of care in dialysis settings. Here, we call for enhanced training programs regarding communication skills for physicians and emphasize the need for systemic changes to foster patient-centered communication.

Graphical abstract
Emergent Untrained Combined Functions in Equivalence Classes
Authors: Reid Dean , Keenan Mickey 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Three experiments examined whether each of the functions controlled by different stimuli in an equivalence class would become integrated in a test for transfer of function. In Experiment 1, a paper-and-pencil protocol was used to establish two 3-member equivalence classes (A1, B1, C1 & A2, B2, C2). Nonsense syllables were used for all stimuli except for B1 and C1 which were pictures of blue and green discs, respectively. Participants then were presented with five boxes containing discs of five different colors, including blue and green. Participants were instructed to respond as they felt appropriate. Across all participants varying numbers of blue and green discs were placed on B1 and C1, respectively. Responding at A1 included combinations of blue and green discs by seven out of eight participants. These results were replicated after the classes were extended to include D and E stimuli. In Experiment 2, the overall procedure was repeated, however, there was a pretraining condition in which participants were instructed to select and place discs of their choosing on each of B1 and C1. In general, responding within both classes was consistent with results in Experiment 1. Two participants placed similar combinations of colored discs at A1, D1, and E1 but retained the single colors at B1 and C1. Experiment 3 changed the B1 and C1 stimuli to nonsense syllables and trained the function to placing colored discs at B1 and C1. It was found that results were similar to those found in both Experiments 1 and 2. Results are discussed in the context of procedures used to investigate the emergence of novel behavior.
Axial Vibration of a Viscoelastic FG Nanobeam with Arbitrary Boundary Conditions
Authors: Kadioglu Hayrullah Gun , Yayli Mustafa Ozgur 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study investigates the axial vibration of a viscoelastic functionally graded (FG) nanobeam under deformable boundary conditions for the first time. The primary focus is on exploring the effects of damping and scale parameters on the dynamic behavior of the nanobeam.

Methods
The governing equation of the viscoelastic FG nanobeam is formulated by incorporating nonlocal elasticity theory and the Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic model. The Fourier sine series is chosen as the axial displacement function, with higher-order derivatives obtained using Stokes transforms. The Fourier coefficient is determined through the governing equation and incorporated into the deformable boundary conditions. The resulting eigenvalue problem provides solutions for both rigid and constrained general boundary conditions.

Conclusions
The study presents solutions for various boundary conditions, comparing the results with existing literature. The analysis reveals significant findings, including the observation that damping has a greater influence on fundamental frequencies in higher modes, and that the impact of damping decreases as the nonlocal scale parameter increases. These findings are presented through tables and graphs to highlight the effects of damping and scale parameters on the dynamic behavior of the nanobeam.
Virulent and multidrug-resistant Aeromonas in aquatic environments of Kerala, India: potential risks to fish and humans
Authors: Nagar Vandan , Ansari Farhat , Vaiyapuri Murugadas , Joseph Toms C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aeromonas inhabit diverse aquatic habitats and are recognized as both opportunistic and primary pathogens of fish and humans. This study delineates the biochemical and gyrB sequence-based molecular identification of 14 Aeromonas strains isolated from aquatic environments in Kerala, India, identifying them as A. dhakensis (50%), A. hydrophila (28.6%), and A. jandaei (21.4%). These strains exhibit a high prevalence of virulence genes (act, flaA, ser, gcat, lip, and ela) implicated in pathogenesis in both fish and humans. These findings underline the emergence of A. dhakensis, often misidentified as A. hydrophila, as a potential pathogen, highlighting the necessity for comprehensive identification methods. Significantly, all strains demonstrated beta-hemolysis and moderate to strong biofilm formation, enhancing their infectivity potential. Moreover, all isolates exhibited multidrug resistance, with a multiple antimicrobial resistance (MAR) index ranging from 0.39 to 0.56, and a significant presence of class 1 (500–1100 bp) and class 2 (250–700 bp) integrons, indicating their potential risk to both fish and human populations. Our results underscore the role of aquatic environment as a repository for virulent and multidrug-resistant Aeromonas spp., emphasizing the imperative for prudent antimicrobial usage and regular monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in these environments.