bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential of using exosomes in modern medicine
Authors: Kosecka Katarzyna , Rudziński Patryk , Cieślik Aleksandra , Jargieło Anna , Kosieradzka Karolina , Adamowicz Dominik , Stańczyk Justyna , Łopuszyńska Inga , Wosińska Alicja , Meliksetian Astrik 
Published: July 2023

Introduction and purpose of the work: The purpose of this article is to determine the potential for the application of exosomes in modern medicine, inferring from research directions in world literature. Among other things, this paper considers some of the most recent work in the fields of aesthetic medicine, dermatology and transplantation.
Methodology and materials: The search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholarship, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The search strategy was based on the following terms: exosomes, regenerative medicine, dermatology.
The variety of available scientific works on exosomes raises the question in which of the fields of medicine they will be used the fastest and/or most commonly. Given that a significant part of research focuses on their use in skin treatments, it can be expected that it will be dermatology and/or aesthetic medicine, given its exceptional openness to the implementation of new techniques and the constant search for new solutions that allow physiologically or optically to oppose aging. In addition, the use of exosomes is characterized by a relatively low risk of life-threatening complications or permanent damage to health.
However, the potential applications of exosomes in other fields of medicine should not be underestimated. Therefore, it can be expected that procedures and therapies using exosomes will also be developed and implemented independently in transplantology, cardiology, or other fields that can use exosomes as drug carriers or markers for early detection of complications or diseases.
Hidradenitis suppurativa - current and promising non-surgical treatment
Authors: Baran Natalia , Bogusz Klaudia , Maksymowicz Marcela , Bielak Adriana , Nowak Aleksandra , Cywka Łucja , Szwed Weronika , Nowak Alicja , Machowiec Piotr 
Published: July 2023

Introduction and purpose: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) also known as acne inversa is a chronic, inflammatory dermatosis with predilection to apocrine gland-rich regions. It is a multifactorial disease in which genetic and environmental factors play a key role. In this paper, we provide an overview of the current knowledge in most commonly used and emerging treatment options of HS.
A brief description of the state of knowledge: The primary defect in HS pathophysiology involves follicular hyperkeratosis with occlusion of the pilosebaceous apparatus, followed by follicular rupture and immune responses. It typically develops after puberty with deep-seated painful nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts and scars. Due to the permanently painful, odorous lesions, hidradenitis suppurativa is one of the most distressing dermatological diseases with a substantial impact on patients’ quality of life. Inflammation in patients with HS is not limited to the skin but is systemic. Patients with HS frequently have significant comorbidities like metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, spondyloarthropathy, inflammatory bowel disease and depression. Treatment is challenging and consists of pharmacological and surgical techniques, which must often be combined for best results.
Materials and methods: A search was conducted using PubMed and GoogleScholar data bases. Articles were searched in English using the following key words: “hidradenitis suppurativa”, “acne invera”, “treatement”, “management”, “biological treatement”.
Summary: Therapeutic options have rapidly evolved in the last decade and include the use of topical therapies, systemic antibiotics and a wide range of immunosuppressive medications such as anti-TNF-α biologics, but the number of therapies approved for HS is limited.
Varicose veins - diagnostic and treatment methods
Authors: Bielak Adriana , Baran Natalia , Bogusz Klaudia , Cywka Łucja , Nowak Alicja , Maksymowicz Marcela , Machowiec Piotr , Nowak Aleksandra , Szwed Weronika 
Published: July 2023

Introduction and purpose: Varicose veins of the lower limbs are quite common and common disease. Their presence may be associated with the occurrence of a number of symptoms that negatively affect the quality and comfort of life, such as swelling, leg pain and cosmetic defect.The aim of the study is to review the available literature and articles available in the PubMed database in order to learn about the pathophysiology of varicose veins, methods of diagnosis and the most popular methods of their treatment.
State of the knowledge: Varicose veins are described as fusiform dilatation of superficial veins with accompanying elongation and characteristic twisting. The main cause of their formation is insufficiency of the venous valve apparatus. Genetic and individual factors such as sex, age, and excessive body weight also have an impact. The diagnosis is based primarily on the physical examination of the patient and the Doppler ultrasound examination of the veins. Management options for varicose veins range from conservative management including pharmacotherapy to invasive and surgical methods, each of which has both advantages and disadvantages.
Summary: Making a diagnosis of varicose veins usually does not cause many difficulties. There is no one-size-fits-all treatment method. When choosing it, many aspects should be taken into account, such as the patient's preferences, severity of disease symptoms, and the patient's general condition.
To Communicate or Not? Interfirm Communication in Collaborative Projects
Authors: Beer Ruth , Qi Anyan 
Published: July 2023

Interfirm innovation projects often require tight collaboration among firms with complementary skills and resources. The success of such projects depends on all firms generating high-quality outputs, which can be difficult to attain for aspects of quality that are not easily observable or contractible. We consider a setting with a focal firm and its collaborating firm (henceforth, the collaborator) engaging in a joint project, in which they make their quality decisions over time, respectively, and study the firm’s decision to communicate its quality output progress to its collaborator voluntarily. We first develop normative predictions using game-theoretic models by analyzing a reporting (respectively, revealing) case, in which the firm can report a not necessarily truthful quality (the truthful quality) to the collaborator. We find that the firm should be indifferent between reporting and not reporting for all project values and should be indifferent between revealing and not revealing (prefer revealing) for high (low) project values. To test this prediction, we run an experiment following a 2 × 3 design, varying the project value (high and low) and the form of communication (no communication, reporting, and revealing). We find that the quality provision is significantly lower than the normative prediction in all treatments. When the project value is high, the decision to report is beneficial to the firm (regardless of the reported quality) because the decision signals the firm’s intention to contribute high quality. The decision to reveal is also beneficial for a firm; however, a different mechanism is at play in this case. The decision itself does not directly affect the quality provisions, but the revealed quality does as the collaborator waits to observe the truthful revealed quality and incorporates this information in choosing a quality later. By contrast, when the project value is low, neither reporting nor revealing are beneficial for a firm. In particular, the decision to report no longer acts as a positive signal as it is used by firms trying to deceive the collaborator and get an advantage. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management. Funding: The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, the City University of New York and the University of Texas at Dallas. Support for this project was provided by a PSC-CUNY Award, jointly funded by the Professional Staff Congress and the City University of New York. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03180 .
The Cost of Exposing Large Institutional Orders to Electronic Liquidity Providers
Authors: Battalio Robert , Hatch Brian , Sağlam Mehmet 
Published: July 2023

We use a novel data set to examine the impact of exposing institutional orders to electronic liquidity providers (ELPs). We present empirical evidence that marketable pieces of large parent orders are routed to ELPs seemingly to avoid paying liquidity fees on exchanges. This routing decision results in lower net effective spreads for these child orders but leads to higher execution shortfall for the parent order. We provide evidence suggestive of a causal relation by utilizing the parent orders of investors that disallow the broker to route their child orders to ELPs. Our analysis suggests that ELPs detect the presence of the parent order very quickly given the transparent bilateral relation with the broker. This paper was accepted by Lukas Schmid, finance. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4871 .
A qualitative evaluation of internet information on hip and knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Anderson KJ , Walker RJ , Lynch JM , Middleton RG 
Published: July 2023

Background Hip and knee arthritis are two of the most common conditions that result in referral to orthopaedic outpatient clinics. Many patients now use the internet to research their condition and to inform their decision about treatment options. This has implications for the process of informed consent. Aim To assess the quality of patient information on the internet regarding hip and knee arthritis. Methods ‘Hip arthritis’ and ‘Knee arthritis’ were entered as search terms into a popular search engine. To adjust for temporal variation, the process was repeated one month and one year later. Of the 200 results analysed, 83 websites met the inclusion criteria. The quality of patient information presented on these websites was assessed using a validated scoring instrument by two independent observers. Results Most websites assessed were of poor quality; nearly half of all websites did not mention any risks or complications associated with surgical intervention for these conditions. Conclusions As part of their professional obligation to provide a robust process of informed consent, clinicians should be aware of the variable quality of patient information available on the internet. As such, they should be prepared to advise their patients about quality websites where reliable information can be sought.
Automatic Drought Tolerance Measurement of the Soil-Living Microarthropod, Folsomia Candida
Authors: Sipőcz László , Ittzés András , Dombos Miklós 
Published: July 2023

Soil is a complex habitat where microarthropods, such as mites (Acari) and springtails (Collembola) species occur in high number and species diversity. Microarthropods play an essential role in organic matter decomposition and provide an important ecosystem service in soil. The soil-dwelling microarthropods are sensitive to environmental changes; therefore, their ecological characteristics are used to evaluate soil conditions. In modern environmental ecology, several species are involved in assessing the ecological consequences of drought periods. The growth rate is a standard sublethal parameter by which the body size of individuals is measured. Extracting microarthropods from the soil is difficult and time-consuming, requiring a high amount of human resources. Only a few samples can be processed due to laboratory limitations and high costs. However, nowadays the rapidly developing artificial intelligence (AI) technologies promise new opportunities in many research areas.Data on soil-dwelling microarthropods could be collected quickly and automatically using our new digital soil extractor device, the Edapholog, equipped with image analysis based on AI. This device recognizes living individuals, classifies them, and measures their body length automatically. Using this system, the growth and reproductive success of various species in the same experimental culture could be rapidly and simultaneously monitored. In this study, we aimed to analyse the applicability of the Edapholog for measuring the body size of Collembola species and Folsomia candida through a set of drought tolerance tests with three soil moisture treatment levels. Moisture content was set based on the maximum water holding capacity (Wmax) of the soil applied. The three levels were set to Wmax:35%, 40%, and 50%. Furthermore, we aimed to test the reliability of the detection and recognition of the species and the accuracy and reliability of the automatic body size measurement of individuals.Significant correlation (r= 0.94) exists between the automatically and manually measured body sizes. Although the different soil moisture treatments did not show marked differences in the collembolan body sizes between the moisture treatments, we found a significant difference in the reproduction rates between W50 and the other two (W35 and W40) treated groups. The Edapholog can greatly contribute to quick and precise data extraction and can have vast applicability in environmental ecology.
Cervical Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Arising From Gastric Inlet Patch: A Benign Lesion With Malignant Potential
Authors: Abdul-Baki Kian , Pavurala Ravi , Salim Hamza , Menon Raakhi , Bigham Lindsay , Thaker Harshwardhan , Reep Gabriel , Parupudi Sreeram 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Proximal esophageal adenocarcinoma is extremely rare. A gastric inlet patch is a lesion of ectopic gastric mucosa usually found in the cervical esophagus and is considered an incidental finding, but there is a risk for malignant transformation. We report the case of a 50-year-old male with gastroesophageal reflux disease with a 6-month history of progressive dysphagia and 20-pound weight loss. Upper endoscopy showed a malignant stricture with adjacent gastric inlet patch. Biopsies obtained from endoscopic ultrasonography showed adenocarcinoma. This case re-emphasizes careful examination of ectopic gastric mucosa and to consider biopsy if there is suspicion for malignant transformation.
El teorema Modigliani-Miller: un análisis desde la estructura de capital mediante modelos Data Mining en pymes del sector comercio
Authors: López-Solís Oscar , Haro Sarango Alexander Fernando , Córdova-Pacheco Ana , Pérez-Briceño Juan 
Published: July 2023

En el origen y evolución de las finanzas ha resultado oportuno alinear la teoría con la práctica, con el fin de promover argumentos sólidos. Sin embargo, esta perspectiva está lejos de ser aplicada, ya que es común que se empleen los aspectos prácticos sin adherir a su interpretación las hipótesis teóricas sobre la influencia, relación y asociatividad de los términos. En este sentido, este estudio se plantea como objetivo evaluar si el teorema Modigliani-Miller y sus supuestos son aplicables a las pymes pertenecientes al sector comercio del Ecuador. Para ello se usan dos etapas metodológicas. En primer lugar, se utilizan con modelos no supervisados mediante Partitioning Around Medoids, con el fin de clasificar y aumentar la homogeneidad en la interpretación de modelos. Y, en segundo lugar, se emplean modelos de interpretación lineal clasificados con el objeto de explicar la relación subyacente de los diversos indicadores con la estructura de capital. Con las iteraciones se puede concluir que la teoría que mayor adaptabilidad posee en este grupo de empresas es la del trade-off, la cual sugiere que sí existe una estructura adecuada, que resulta de la combinación de factores financieros.
The fourth moment of Dirichlet L-functions along the critical line
Authors: Wu Xiaosheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
For a positive integer

q
≢

2

⁢

(

mod

⁢
4

)

{q\not\equiv 2~{}(\mathrm{mod}~{}4)}

, this work considers the fourth moment of Dirichlet L-functions averaged over both

t
∈

[
0
,
T
]

{t\in[0,T]}

and primitive characters modulo q. An asymptotic formula with a power saving from both the q-aspect and the t-aspect in the error term is obtained.
Spectrality of Cantor–Moran measures with three-element digit sets
Authors: Wang Cong , Yin Feng-Li , Zhang Min-Min 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Let

0
<
ρ
<
1

{0<\rho<1}

and let

{

a
j

,

b
j

,

n
j

}

j
=
1

∞

{\{a_{j},b_{j},n_{j}\}_{j=1}^{\infty}}

be a sequence of positive integers with an upper bound. Associated with them, there exists a unique Borel probability measure

μ

ρ
,

{
0
,

a
j

,

b
j

}

,

{

n
j

}

{\mu_{\rho,\{0,a_{j},b_{j}\},\{n_{j}\}}}

generated by the following infinite convolution of discrete measures:

μ

ρ
,

{
0
,

a
j

,

b
j

}

,

{

n
j

}

=

δ

ρ

n
1

⁢

{
0
,

a
1

,

b
1

}

∗

δ

ρ

n
1

+

n
2

⁢

{
0
,

a
2

,

b
2

}

∗

δ

ρ

n
1

+

n
2

+

n
3

⁢

{
0
,

a
3

,

b
3

}

∗
⋯

,

\mu_{\rho,\{0,a_{j},b_{j}\},\{n_{j}\}}=\delta_{\rho^{n_{1}}\{0,a_{1},b_{1}\}}%
\ast\delta_{\rho^{n_{1}+n_{2}}\{0,a_{2},b_{2}\}}\ast\delta_{\rho^{n_{1}+n_{2}+%
n_{3}}\{0,a_{3},b_{3}\}}\ast\cdots,

where

gcd
⁡

(

a
j

,

b
j

)

=
1

{\gcd(a_{j},b_{j})=1}

for all

j
∈
ℕ

{j\in{\mathbb{N}}}

. In this paper, we show that

L
2

⁢

(

μ

ρ
,

{
0
,

a
j

,

b
j

}

,

{

n
j

}

)

{L^{2}(\mu_{\rho,\{0,a_{j},b_{j}\},\{n_{j}\}})}

admits an exponential orthonormal basis if and only if the following two conditions are satisfied: (i)

{

a
j

,

b
j

}

≡

{

±
1

}

⁢

(

mod

⁢
3

)

{\{a_{j},b_{j}\}\equiv\{\pm 1\}~{}(\mathrm{mod}~{}3)}

for all

j
≥
1

{j\geq 1}

; (ii) there exists a natural number r such that

ρ

-
r

∈

3
⁢
ℕ

{\rho^{-r}\in 3{\mathbb{N}}}

and

n
j

∈

r
⁢
ℕ

{n_{j}\in r{\mathbb{N}}}

for all

j
≥
2

{j\geq 2}

.
Twenty-four-color full spectrum flow cytometry panel for minimal residual disease detection in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Chen Man , Fu Minjing , Gong Meiwei , Gao Yajing , Wang Aixian , Zhao Wei , Wu Xueying , Wang Hui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Full spectrum flow cytometry brings a breakthrough for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We aimed to explore the role of a new panel in MRD detection. We established a 24-color full-spectrum flow cytometry panel. A tube of 24-color antibodies included CD45, CD117, CD34, HLA-DR, CD15, CD64, CD14, CD11c, CD11b, CD13, CD33, CD371, CD7, CD56, CD19, CD4, CD2, CD123, CD200, CD38, CD96, CD71, CD36, and CD9. We discovered that when a tube meets 26 parameters (24 colors), these markers were not only limited to the observation of MRD in AML, but also could be used for fine clustering of bone marrow cells. Mast cells, basophils, myeloid dendritic cells, and plasmacoid dendritic cells were more clearly observed. In addition, immune checkpoint CD96 had the higher expression in CD117+ myeloid naive cells and CD56dimNK cells, while had the lower expression in CD56briNK cells in AML-MRD samples than in normal bone marrow samples. CD200 expression was remarkably enhanced in CD117+ myeloid naive cells, CD4+ T cells, T cells, activated T cells, CD56dimNK cells, and CD56briNK cells in AML-MRD samples. Our results can be used as important basis for auxiliary diagnosis, prognosis judgment, treatment guidance, and immune regulation in AML.
The role of lexical context and language experience in the perception of foreign-accented segments
Authors: Pérez-Ramón Rubén , García Lecumberri María Luisa , Cooke Martin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhen faced with intelligibility problems, listeners resort to contextual information. The present study explores the use of lexical context by listeners when identifying segments with various degrees of foreign accent. Native English listeners identified words into which a single Spanish-accented segment from a 5-step continuum had been inserted. Listeners also identified vowel-consonant or consonant-vowel sequences containing the same accented segments. While lexical context helped, the lexical advantage was largely independent of degree of foreign accent, with a slight benefit only for the most accented consonants. To examine the influence of listeners’ first language on the usefulness of lexical context, a second experiment was carried out with Spanish, Japanese and Czech non-native listeners. As was the case for native listeners, there was little evidence that a lexical context helps more for foreign-accented than native segments. Normalised for word familiarity, overall non-native identification patterns were comparable to native listeners’ perceptions. Listeners’ first language phonetic inventory had an effect on identification levels, particularly in the case of vowels. Lexical context benefits for vowel identification can be explained by their generally less categorical processing, their realisational variability in English, and symbol mapping issues.
Physicochemical stability of Cabazitaxel Zentiva® solution in vials after opening and diluted solutions in three infusion bags
Authors: D’Huart Elise , Sacrez Matthieu , Vigneron Jean , Sobalak Nathalie , Demoré Béatrice 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To the best of our knowledge, few studies have been published on the stability of cabazitaxel in infusion bags. Stabilis® database has selected a study demonstrating the stability of this molecule at 0.15 mg/mL for 28 days at 4 °C and 25 °C in polyolefin bags. The aim of this work was to study the physicochemical stability of Cabazitaxel Zentiva® solutions in vials after “opening” with a vented ChemoClave® Spike, at 25 °C, protected from light and in solutions diluted at 0.1 and 0.26 mg/mL in 0.9 % sodium chloride (0.9 % NaCl) or dextrose 5 % (D5W) in 3 types of infusion bags (Easyflex® and Viaflo® at 25 °C, Freeflex® between 2 and 8 °C, protected from light).

Methods
The chemical stability was analyzed after preparation and then after 14 and 28 days of storage by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), coupled to a diode array detector, at the analysis wavelength of 232 nm. The method has been validated according to ICH Q2 (R1) standards. For the study in infusion bags, three preparations were realised for each condition. At each time of analysis, for each bag, a sample was prepared and analyzed by HPLC. Two vials after “openings” were kept at 25 °C and three samples per vial were prepared and analyzed at the three analysis times (D0, D14 and D28). Physical stability was assessed by visual examination (change in colour, appearance of precipitate, gas formation). The pH of the solutions prepared in infusion bags was evaluated at each analysis time.

Results
Cabazitaxel solutions at 0.1 and 0.26 mg/mL diluted in 0.9 % NaCl or D5W in Easyflex® (polyolefin), Viaflo® (multilayer high density polyethylene, polyamide, polypropylene) bags retained more than 95 % of the concentration after 28 days at 25 °C. In the Freeflex® bag (polypropylene multilayers), cabazitaxel solutions at 0.1 and 0.26 mg/mL diluted in 0.9 % NaCl or D5W retained more than 95 % of the initial concentration between 2 and 8 °C for 28 days. In vials with a Spike, cabazitaxel solutions at 20 mg/mL retained more than 95 % of the initial concentration for 28 days at 25 °C. For all the conditions studied, no visual modification was observed. The pH of solutions in bags were constant during the stability study.

Conclusions
Cabazitaxel Zentiva® diluted at 0.1 and 0.26 mg/mL in 0.9 % NaCl or D5W was stable for 28 days at 25 °C and between 2 and 8 °C. These stability data allow preparations to be made in advance. The remainder of the cabazitaxel vial fitted with a Spike was stable for 28 days at 25 °C, allowing the remainder of the vial to be used over several days.