bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteriophage-based nano-biosensors for the fast impedimetric determination of pathogens in food samples
Authors: Abdelhamied Nader , Abdelrahman Fatma , El-Shibiny Ayman , Hassan Rabeay Y. A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe early and rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms is of critical importance in addressing serious public health issues. Here, a new bacteriophage-based nano-biosensor was constructed and the electrochemical impedimetric method was fully optimized and applied for the quantitative detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in food samples. The impact of using a nanocomposite consisting of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and tungsten oxide nanostructures (WO3) on the electrochemical performance of disposable screen printed electrodes was identified using the cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The use nanomaterials enabled high capturing sensitivity against the targeting bacterial host cells with the limit of detection of 3.0 CFU/ml. Moreover, selectivity of the covalently immobilized active phage was tested against several non-targeting bacterial strains, where a high specificity was achieved. Thus, the targeting foodborne pathogen was successfully detected in food samples with high specificity, and the sensor provided an excellent recovery rate ranging from 90.0 to 108%. Accordingly, the newly developed phage-biosensor is recommended as a disposable label-free impedimetric biosensor for the quick and real-time monitoring of food quality.
Incidence and predictors of cardiovascular outcomes after acute coronary syndrome in a population-based cohort study
Authors: Ulvenstam Anders , Graipe Anna , Irewall Anna-Lotta , Söderström Lars , Mooe Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere is limited data on long-term outcomes after hospitalization for ACS. We aimed to estimate the rate of recurrent cardiovascular events in the long-term, in a population-based, unselected cohort of ACS patients. We included 1379 patients with ACS hospitalized at Östersund hospital 2010–2014 and followed them from the day after discharge to 31 December 2017. The primary endpoint was the unadjusted rate of the composite of CV death, AMI and ischemic stroke. Risk factors for the primary endpoint were assessed in a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. During a median follow-up of 4.7 years, the unadjusted rate of the primary endpoint was 10.3% at 1 year and 28.6% at the end of follow-up. Predictors of increased risk for subsequent events were congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, angina pectoris, prior revascularization with PCI or CABG and treatment with diuretics at discharge. Lipid-lowering therapy at discharge and revascularization with PCI or CABG were associated with a lower risk of recurrent events. The risk of recurrent cardiovascular was high at 1 year and continued to be so during the following almost 3 years of median follow-up. Established predictors of cardiovascular risk were confirmed.
Exogenous Hemin alleviates NaCl stress by promoting photosynthesis and carbon metabolism in rice seedlings
Authors: Meng Fengyan , Feng Naijie , Zheng Dianfeng , Liu Meiling , Zhang Rongjun , Huang Xixin , Huang Anqi , Chen Ziming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is widely known that salt stress restricts rice growth and productivity severely. However, little information is available regarding the stage of rice seedlings subjected to the Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) inducer, Hemin. This study aimed to investigate the effects of salt stress on two rice varieties (Huanghuazhan and Xiangliangyou 900) and the effect of Hemin in promoting photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and key enzymes under salt-stress conditions. At the stage of three leaves and one heart, Huanghuazhan (HHZ) and Xiangliangyou 900 (XLY900) were sprayed with 5 μmol·L−1 Hemin and then subjected to 50 mM NaCl stress. The results showed that NaCl stress decreased the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids. Furthermore, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) decreased remarkably and the starch content was also lowered. However, NaCl treatment enhanced the concentration of sucrose and soluble sugar, simultaneously enhancing the sucrose metabolism. Nevertheless, the foliar spraying of exogenous Hemin mediated the increase in fructose and starch content, along with the activities of key enzymes’ soluble acid invertase (SAInv), basic/neutral invertase (A/N-Inv), and sucrose synthase (SS) in rice leaves under NaCl stress. The sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) in leaves decreased significantly, and the fructose accumulation in leaves increased. Hemin also mediated the increase of starch content and the α-amylase, total amylase, and starch phosphorylase (SP) activities under NaCl stress. Under stress conditions, the application of the Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) inhibitor, ZnPP failed to alleviate the damage to rice seedlings by NaCl stress. The ZnPP treatment showed similar tendency to the NaCl treatment on pigment content, gas exchange parameters and carbon metabolism related products and enzymes. However, ZnPP decreased carotenoids, fructose, starch content and enzyme activities related to starch metabolism. The regulation effect of Hemin on HuangHuaZhan was better than XiangLiangYou 900. These results indicate that Hemin improved the effects of salt stress on the photosynthesis and physiological characteristics of rice leaves as a result of enhanced carbohydrate metabolism. Thus, Hemin could alleviate the damage caused by salt stress to a certain extent.
Rescuing Botany: using citizen-science and mobile apps in the classroom and beyond
Authors: Chozas Sergio , Nunes Alice , Serrano Helena C. , Ascensão Fernando , Tapia Susana , Máguas Cristina , Branquinho Cristina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBiodiversity is declining due to the impact of human activities. However, public awareness of the biodiversity crisis is low, particularly for plants, creating a barrier to engage with conservation programs. In this perspective, we show how citizen science and mobile apps can be used as educational tools to raise awareness about plant biodiversity among students and the general public. We examine the outcomes of three Bachelor of Science activities as well as two informal education initiatives. We discuss the potential of these approaches as educational and outreach tools. Our results show that citizen science and mobile apps are excellent tools for engaging society in biodiversity conservation and environmental issues.
Speech and Language Therapy for Acquired Central Dysgraphia in Neurological Patients: A Systematic Review to Describe and Identify Trainings for Clinical Practice
Authors: Biddau Federica , Brisotto Camilla , Innocenti Tiziano , Ranaldi Sara , Meneghello Francesca , D'Imperio Daniela , Nordio Sara 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
Acquired central dysgraphia is a heterogeneous neurological disorder that usually co-occurs with other language disorders. Written language training is relevant to improve everyday skills and as a compensatory strategy to support limited oral communication. A systematic evaluation of existing writing treatments is thus needed.

Method:
We performed a systematic review of speech and language therapies for acquired dysgraphia in studies of neurological diseases (PROSPERO: CRD42018084221), following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist with a search on several databases for articles written in English and published until August 31, 2021. Only methodological well-designed studies were included. Further assessment of methodological quality was conducted by means of a modified version of the Downs and Black checklist.

Results:
Eleven studies of 43 patients in total were included. For each study, we collected data on type of population, type of impairment, experimental design, type of treatment, and measured outcomes. The studies had a medium level of assessed methodological quality. An informative description of treatments and linkages to deficits is reported.

Conclusions:
Although there is a need for further experimental evidence, most treatments showed good applicability and improvement of written skills in patients with dysgraphia. Lexical treatments appear to be more frequently adopted and more flexible in improving dysgraphia and communication, especially when a multimodal approach is used. Finally, the reported description of treatment modalities for dysgraphia in relation to patients' deficits may be important for providing tailored therapies in clinical management.
A deep Koopman operator‐based modelling approach for long‐term prediction of dynamics with pixel‐level measurements
Authors: Xiao Yongqian , Tang Zixin , Xu Xin , Zhang Xinglong , Shi Yifei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough previous studies have made some clear leap in learning latent dynamics from high‐dimensional representations, the performances in terms of accuracy and inference time of long‐term model prediction still need to be improved. In this study, a deep convolutional network based on the Koopman operator (CKNet) is proposed to model non‐linear systems with pixel‐level measurements for long‐term prediction. CKNet adopts an autoencoder network architecture, consisting of an encoder to generate latent states and a linear dynamical model (i.e., the Koopman operator) which evolves in the latent state space spanned by the encoder. The decoder is used to recover images from latent states. According to a multi‐step ahead prediction loss function, the system matrices for approximating the Koopman operator are trained synchronously with the autoencoder in a mini‐batch manner. In this manner, gradients can be synchronously transmitted to both the system matrices and the autoencoder to help the encoder self‐adaptively tune the latent state space in the training process, and the resulting model is time‐invariant in the latent space. Therefore, the proposed CKNet has the advantages of less inference time and high accuracy for long‐term prediction. Experiments are performed on OpenAI Gym and Mujoco environments, including two and four non‐linear forced dynamical systems with continuous action spaces. The experimental results show that CKNet has strong long‐term prediction capabilities with sufficient precision.
Fast list decoders for polarization‐adjusted convolutional (PAC) codes
Authors: Zhu Hongfei , Cao Zhiwei , Zhao Yuping , Li Dou , Yang Yanjun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA latest coding scheme named polarization‐adjusted convolutional (PAC) codes is shown to approach the dispersion bound for the code (128,64) under list decoding. However, to achieve the near‐bound performance, the list size of list decoding needs to be excessively large, which leads to insufferable time complexity. In this paper, to improve the speed of list decoding, fast list decoders for PAC codes are proposed. Four types of constituent nodes are defined and fast list decoding algorithms are provided for each of them. Simulation results present that fast list decoding with three types of constituent nodes can yield exactly the same error‐correction performance as list decoding, and reduce more than 50% time steps for the code (128,64). Moreover, fast list decoding with four types of constituent nodes can further reduce decoding complexity with negligible performance degradation.
Probability density function based data augmentation for deep neural network automatic modulation classification with limited training data
Authors: Hao Chongzheng , Dang Xiaoyu , Yu Xiangbin , Li Sai , Wang Chenghua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeep neural networks (DNN) based automatic modulation classification (AMC) has achieved high accuracy performance. However, DNNs are data‐hungry models, and training such a model requires a large volume of data. Insufficient training data will cause DNN models to experience overfitting and severe performance degradation. In practical AMC tasks, training the deep model with sufficient data is challenging due to the costly data collection. To this end, a novel probability density function (PDF) based data augmentation scheme and a method to determine the required minimum sampling size for data enlargement is proposed. Compared with the known image‐based augmentation scheme, the proposed waveform‐based PDF technique has low complexity and is easy to implement. Experimental results show that the required size of the training dataset is one order of magnitude smaller than the sufficient dataset in the additive white Gaussian noise channel, and effective recognition can be achieved using around 60% of the total examples under the Rayleigh channel. Moreover, the presented scheme can expand training data under frequency and phase offsets.
Proactive integrated traffic control to mitigate congestion at toll plazas
Authors: Zhou Tong , Sun Yingchao , Wang Xu , Dai Rongjian , Cao Rong , Wu Xiaopei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractToll plazas on expressways often experience congestion owing to the imbalance between traffic demand and supply. To address this issue, this paper designs a proactive traffic control method to relieve congestion at toll plazas based on the model predictive control (MPC) that integrates the dynamic lane configuration, that is, the numbers of electronic toll collection (ETC) and manual toll collection (MTC) lanes, and the variable speed limit (VSL). The proposed method first forecasts short‐term traffic demand in toll plazas based on the long short‐term memory neural network. Then the cell transmission model (CTM) is applied to predict the traffic evolutions in the toll plaza area. At last, the MPC‐based control framework is used to optimize the numbers of ETC and MTC lanes and the variable speed limit to minimize the total vehicle travel time in a rolling horizon. Micro‐simulation tests are carried out in VISSIM to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method. The simulation results show that the proposed control method can significantly improve the traffic performances at the toll plazas. The findings in this study can lead to field implementation of proactive control at toll plazas.
Semi‐hot redundant control method for modular multilevel converter‐based high‐voltage direct current systems under submodules fault
Authors: Yang Lixia , Jia Lixin , Zou Yabin , Zhang Mingcan , Yang Haoxiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA modular multilevel converter‐based high voltage direct current (MMC‐HVDC) system involves a large number of cascading submodules (SMs). The failure of SMs may critically degrade the system performance. Therefore, several redundant SMs can be incorporated and reasonably controlled to ensure the system reliable and continuous operation even if certain SMs fail. This paper proposes a semi‐hot redundant method for MMC‐HVDC systems. In the proposed strategy, when the system operates normally, the redundant SMs are controlled in a lower voltage range. These SMs do not require frequent charging and discharging, which decreases the switching loss. When ordinary SMs fail, the faulty SMs are bypassed and the corresponding number of redundant SMs can be promptly recharged to the rated voltage to replace the faulty SMs. The semi‐hot reserved SMs can shorten the transient process of faulty SMs replacement, and in this process, the absence of faulty SMs does not considerably influence the system. Thus, the original control and modulation strategies of the system do not need to be modified when several SMs fail. The performance of the proposed method is compared with those of the existing methods, and its validity is demonstrated through a small‐scale experimental prototype.
Down‐regulation and clinical significance of Sorbin and SH3 domain‐containing protein 1 in bladder cancer tissues
Authors: Li Sheng‐Hua , Zhai Gao‐Qiang , He Rong‐Quan , Chen Gang , Wang Shi‐Shuo , Liu Jia‐Lin , Cheng Ji‐Wen , Yan Hai‐Biao , Huang Zhi‐Guang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) is a common cancer worldwide with a high prevalence. This study was conducted to elucidate the expression and clinical significance of Sorbin and SH3 domain‐containing protein 1 (SORBS1) in BC as well as to explore its molecular mechanism in BC tumourigenesis. RNA‐sequencing data, microarray, and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were applied to elucidated the SORBS1 expression at multiple levels. After that, the relationship between tumour‐immune infiltration and SORBS1 was also explored. Finally, SORBS1‐related genes in BC were identified to perform functional enrichment analyses. The expression integration revealed that the comprehensive expression of SORBS1 at the mRNA level was −1.02 and that at the protein level was −3.73, based on 12 platforms, including 1221 BC and 187 non‐BC samples. SORBS1 was negatively correlated with tumour purity (correlation = −0.342, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with macrophage (correlation = 0.358, p < 0.001). The results of enrichment analyses revealed that the most significant biological pathways of SORBS1‐related genes were epithelial‐mesenchymal transition. SORBS1 was significantly down‐regulated in BC and may play a role as tumour suppressor. This study provides new directions and biomarkers for future BC diagnosis.
In silico analysis of the association between long non‐coding RNA family with sequence similarity 99 member A (FAM99A) and hepatic cancer
Authors: Sun Manyi , Lv Shuhua , Zhong Jin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe link between family with sequence similarity 99 member A (FAM99A), a type of long non‐coding RNA, and tumourigenesis remains ambiguous. Therefore, in this study, the authors conducted an expression profile analysis of FAM99A based on 33 types of cancer within The Cancer Genome Atlas project. The expression profile data revealed low expression levels of FAM99A in hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and testicular germ cell tumour tissues than in the normal control tissues. Survival analysis indicated a correlation between low FAM99A expression and worse survival outcome in patients with hepatic cancer. Further investigation revealed the possible implication of DNA methylation, but not copy number variation, in FAM99A‐associated hepatic tumourigenesis. The authors also identified a set of differentially expressed genes between patients with hepatic cancer and negative controls, which were found to be related to biochemical metabolism or the cell cycle. Additionally, FAM99A expression may be associated with the infiltration status of several immune cells, such as dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and neutrophils. Overall, FAM99A may function as a prognostic marker that is potentially associated with DNA methylation, immune cell infiltration, and biochemical metabolism in hepatic cancer.
A mini-chemical scheme with net reactions for 3D general circulation models
Authors: Lee Elspeth K. H. , Tsai Shang-Min , Hammond Mark , Tan Xianyu 
Published: March 2023

Context. The chemical inventory of hot Jupiter (HJ) exoplanet atmospheres continues to be observed by various ground- and space-based instruments in increasing detail and precision. It is expected for some HJs to exhibit strong non-equilibrium chemistry characteristics in their atmospheres, which might be inferred from spectral observations.
Aims. We aim to model the 3D thermochemical non-equilibrium chemistry in the atmospheres of the HJs WASP-39b and HD 189733b.
Methods. We coupled a lightweight, reduced chemical network ‘mini-chem’ that utilises net reaction rate tables to the Exo-FMS general circulation model (GCM). We performed GCM models of the exoplanets WASP-39b and HD 189733b as case studies of the coupled mini-chem scheme. The GCM results were then post-processed using the 3D radiative-transfer model gCMCRT to produce transmission and emission spectra to assess the impact of non-equilibrium chemistry on their observable properties.
Results. Both simulations show significant departures from chemical equilibrium (CE) due to the dynamical motions of the atmosphere. The spacial distribution of species generally closely follows the dynamical features of the atmosphere rather than the temperature field. Each molecular species exhibits a different quench level in the simulations, which is also dependent on the latitude of the planet. Major differences are seen in the transmission and emission spectral features between the CE and kinetic models.
Conclusions. Our simulations indicate that considering the 3D kinetic chemical structures of HJ atmospheres has an important impact on the physical interpretation of observational data. Drawing bulk atmospheric parameters from fitting feature strengths may lead to an inaccurate interpretation of chemical conditions in the atmosphere of HJs. Our open source mini-chem module is simple to couple with contemporary HJ GCM models without substantially increasing required computational resources.
Fertility after Transcatheter Arterial Embolization for Obstetric Hemorrhage: An Urban Health Care System Observational Study
Authors: Mills Ariana C. , Marinelli Brett , Klein Emma D. , Garcia-Reyes Kirema , Shilo Dan , Nowakowski Scott , Patel Rahul , Patel Rajesh , Kim Edward , Fischman Aaron , Bishay Vivian , Loudon Holly , Stone Joanne , Lookstein Robert 
Published: March 2023

Objective This study aimed to investigate pregnancy rate, pregnancy outcomes, and resumption of menses after transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for obstetric hemorrhage (OH).
Study Design Sixty-seven patients who underwent TAE for OH from 2006 to 2020 within an urban, multihospital health care system were identified retrospectively. Selected patients were interviewed by phone to complete a survey with a primary outcome of self-reported pregnancy in those seeking pregnancy. Secondary outcomes included pregnancy outcomes and resumption of menses. Univariate testing of association of pregnancy and miscarriage rate with embolic agent was performed using Fisher's exact test.
Results Thirty-three of 50 patients (66%) meeting the inclusion criteria completed the survey on fertility, a median of 47 (range, 13–123) months after TAE for OH. Of the 13 patients who attempted pregnancy, there was a pregnancy rate of 77% and miscarriage rate of 38%. Those who delivered live newborns conceived spontaneously, carried to term, and delivered a healthy newborn via cesarean section at a weight appropriate for gestational age. Thirty (91%) patients resumed menstruation, and the majority with unchanged frequency. Most patients underwent bilateral uterine artery embolization with radial artery access (54%). The most common embolic agents used were gelfoam only (30%) and glue only (24%). There was no statistically significant association between embolic agent and pregnancy or miscarriage rate.
Conclusion Spontaneous pregnancy with live birth and resumption of menses can occur in a majority of patients after TAE for OH.
Key Points
The high intensity diffractometer for residual stress analysis (HIDRA), a third generation residual stress mapping neutron diffractometer at the high flux isotope reactor
Authors: Bunn J. R. , Fancher C. M. , Payzant E. A. , Cornwell P. A. , Bailey W. B. , Gregory R. 
Published: March 2023

This paper describes the hardware and software upgrades, operation, and performance of the high intensity diffractometer for residual stress analysis (HIDRA) instrument, a residual stress mapping neutron diffractometer located at the High Flux Isotope Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge Tennessee, USA. Following a major upgrade in 2018, the new instrument has a single 3He multiwire 2D 30 × 30 cm2 position sensitive detector, yielding a field of view of 17° 2θ. The increase in the field of view (from 4° 2θ) from the previous model instrument has contributed to the tremendous improvement in the out of plane solid angle such that the 3D count rate could be obtained easily. Accordingly, the hardware, software, Data Acquisition System (DAS), and so on have also been updated. Finally, all these enhanced features of HIDRA have been ably demonstrated by conducting multi directional diffraction measurements in the quenched 750-T74 aluminum, and the evolved and improved strain/stress mappings are presented.