bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Topical Books
Authors: VanderKam James C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe chapter centers on the three topical books that Charles wrote during the Westminster years. It first takes up his two books on divorce, a topic that was much debated at the time in Great Britain. It sets the stage for Charles’s contribution by describing the history of divorce law in England and attempts to change it in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It describes Charles’s contributions, ones based on sermons he delivered at Westminster. It covers his treatment of the relevant texts in the Bible, especially those in the gospels of Mark and Matthew (and in 1 Corinthians), with Mark seeming to have Jesus forbid divorce and Matthew having him permit it in cases of adultery. It shows how, according to Charles, Mark’s Jesus actually forbade divorce only for lesser causes, not for adultery, and follows his discussion of Greek words used in the key New Testament texts. The lively reaction to the book is covered as well. The chapter then addresses his second book about divorce in which Charles repeated much of the contents of the first but more strongly rejected the text in Mark as unhistorical and argued that the Roman Catholic doctrine of nullity was unsupported by the New Testament. The final section of the chapter describes his book about gambling, his understanding of it as an attempt to stimulate the love of games and adventure but to do so immorally, and the several arguments he formulated against it.
The Book of Revelation
Authors: VanderKam James C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe chapter provides a study of Charles’s work on the Book of Revelation, a book on which he published a great deal of material. It starts with his first book, Studies in the Apocalypse (1913), which was an expanded form of his lectures in the series Lectures in Advanced Theology at the University of London, and summarizes his chapters about the history of interpreting John’s Revelation, on the Hebraic style of John’s Greek, and on Revelation 7–9. The chapter continues with the essay on the last three chapters of Revelation that he delivered before the British Academy, with a parenthetical section on the obituary of his friend Thomas Kelly Cheyne published in the Proceedings of the British Academy. Much of the chapter tackles the great two-volume commentary that he wrote on the Apocalypse of John, his claim that a disciple of John was responsible for the disorder in the last three chapters, and his extensive efforts to establish the best Greek text of the book, even writing a grammar of the Greek language of John. It covers his understanding of which John, among several mentioned in the sources, the author was and of his teachings in the book and use of sources, as well as the way in which Charles interpreted certain sections of Revelation. Some reviews of the commentary are surveyed. The final book addressed is the published form of Charles’s Schweich Lectures of the British Academy, Lectures on the Apocalypse. The chapter concludes with a brief section about the influence of Charles’s two-volume commentary today.
Scholarly Work 1914–1915
Authors: VanderKam James C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe chapter is largely devoted to another of Charles’s synthetic books, this one entitled Religious Development between the Old and the New Testaments (1914), part of the series The Home University Library of Modern Knowledge and closely resembling his A Critical History of the Doctrine of a Future Life. It summarizes his presentations such as rejecting the notion that the time between the Testaments was one of silence (it was a period of important religious developments), similarities and distinctions between prophecy and apocalyptic and their eschatologies and ethical teachings, messianism, Christ as Son of Man and Servant of the Lord, the blessed future life, and forgiveness of neighbors, the need for ongoing reinterpretation of Scriptures, and the advisability of having a national church. It also surveys the final chapters in the book that center around the apocryphal and pseudepigraphic books. The chapter also deals with a University of London dissertation that Charles evaluated and that he advocated publishing.
The End of His Days
Authors: VanderKam James C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe chapter follows the events around the last days of Charles. It deals with various health issues and with a road accident that badly injured him, as well as with the preparations he made before his death on January 30, 1931. The arrangements for his funeral are described, and some of the obituaries that appeared in major newspapers and elsewhere are referenced. The chapter also relates his worth at death, the disposition of his property, with many books and some pieces of furniture being left to Ripon Hall (now Ripon College Cuddesdon), and the assistance Henry Major gave to Mrs. Charles in arranging for the publication of Charles’s last collection of sermons by Blackwell—a volume that includes a memoir by his old friend Charles D’Arcy.
Related approaches
Authors: Heine Bernd 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe main goal of the book is to show that interlocutors draw on two contrasting principles of discourse organization. On the one hand, they rely on the nearly unlimited resources available in sentence grammar; on the other hand, they draw on the more limited potential offered by interactive grammar. As this chapter reveals, this is not a new perspective; rather, it surfaces in a range of different frameworks of linguistic analysis. And, as is emphasized in this chapter, much the same perspective has also been presented in academic domains other than linguistics. In particular, a parallel distinction has been displayed in neurological research on differential activity in the two hemispheres of the human brain. And similarly important correlations have been pointed out in social psychology in work on the structure of reasoning and judgment processes.
Energy, stress, dissipation, and plastic evolution
Authors: Steigmann David J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The basic constitutive structure for plastic evolution, involving the notions of energy dissipation, yield and plastic flow, are discussed in detail, and the primary role of the Eshelby tensor as the driving force for dissipation is emphasized. Extensions to encompass discontinuous deformation gradients are included. The essential differences in the response of crystalline and isotropic materials are explained.
Science in the Pre-Modern East
Authors: Schaefer Dagmar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter surveys the place of knowledge in China during the immediate pre-modern period. It examines the relationship between scholars and the state, with a particular attention to the Song dynasty and the views developed during that period about the cultural and political roles of scholars and scholarship. It discusses how knowledge of such things as the movements of heavenly bodies, or of the state of the weather, were understood to have consequences for the workings of the state. It surveys efforts by state bureaucracy to control the generation and the circulation of knowledge as part of the business of government.
Experimental Cultures
Authors: Rhys Morus Iwan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter surveys the rise of laboratory science during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It shows how, during the nineteenth century, laboratories became distinct places of experiment and surveys the growth of university laboratories for teaching and for research across Europe and North America in particular during the second half of the century. The chapter investigates the increasing importance of experimental culture in physics in particular and the ways in which other scientific disciplines such as chemistry and physiology adopted and adapted to laboratory life. It looks at the place of laboratories in the growth of Big Science during the second half of the twentieth century and the further transformations in laboratory culture that entailed.
Exploring Nature
Authors: Rees Amanda 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter surveys the rise of a variety of distinctive field sciences and the emergence of new kinds of methodologies for field science during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The chapter explores the political and economic context of field sciences. It looks at sciences such as geology, oceanography, and zoology in order to investigate the different ways in which scientific practitioners in these fields developed novel strategies for investigating nature outside the laboratory. It looks at voyages of exploration, the accumulation of specimens, ways of observing animal behaviour, and dealing with extreme environments, for example, as instances of the distinctive ways in which field sciences are conducted.
Communicating Science
Authors: Sleigh Charlotte 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter looks at the range of different ways in which science has been presented to the public over the past two centuries, and the different media deployed for communicating science. It surveys the role of public lectures, museums, exhibitions, and print culture in the communication of scientific ideas, as well as more recent media such as film and television. It looks at the different kinds of ways in which science has been communicated to different audiences, and the role of class and gender in the deployment of different approaches to communication. It looks at the different ways in which the media through which science is communicated has an impact on the ways in which science is understood.
A Special Composition Puzzle
Authors: Spencer Joshua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Special Composition Question asks, for any xs, what are the metaphysically necessary and sufficient conditions under which there is a y such that the xs compose y. But answers to the Special Composition Question are not merely meant to provide metaphysically necessary and sufficient conditions for the fact that there is a y such that the xs compose y; answers are meant to provide conditions that explain or ground the fact that there is a y such that the xs compose y. But existential facts are grounded in their instances. So, the fact that there is a y such that the xs compose y is also grounded in its instances. But the fact that there is a y such that the xs compose y cannot be grounded both in the conditions of composition and in the instances of composition; that would constitute unacceptable overdetermination of grounding.
The Varieties of Relevance
Authors: Skow Bradford 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Causal relevance comes in many varieties, and causation is only one of them. There is direct and indirect relevance, and positive and negative relevance, but only the directly and positively relevant things are causes. Relevant non-causes include background conditions, enablers, ennoblers, and preventers. By distinguishing enabling from causing, switching examples can be defanged, so that they no longer threaten the transitivity of causation. And by distinguishing preventing from causing a negative (several arguments that they differ are given), a path is cleared to deny that double prevention is causation. But a blanket denial is not issued: double prevention sometimes is, and sometimes is not, causation, and criteria for when a case is one or the other are presented.
COVID-19, Law, and Regulation
Authors: Bennett Belinda , Freckelton Ian , Wolf Gabrielle 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChapter 1, ‘COVID-19, Law, and Regulation’, provides an introduction to the book. It begins with an overview of the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, its impact, and major international and national legal and regulatory responses to it. Chapter 1 also outlines five key themes in those responses, which are analysed throughout the book. The key themes introduced in this chapter are: the layers of law involved in the pandemic from a global, national and sub-national view, and the polycentricity of those laws; the role and scope of those laws; understandings of risk and vulnerability—looking at zoonoses, the social and economic context of risk, and the use of data to map risk; human rights; and individual obligations. It is through these themes that the legal and regulatory responses to the pandemic are analysed. This chapter also provides a comprehensive overview of the content of each of the book’s following chapters.
Introduction
Authors: Gabriel Rami 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The formal purpose of this book is to analyze the sources of knowledge and cultural practices of belief in the contemporary study of the mind. The thesis is that explanations are intrinsically embedded within the desires and beliefs from which they spring. Psychology enacts the knowledge practices of a materialist origin story in empirical psychology, and the cosmology of humanism and individualism in the liberal subjectivities of discursive psychology. The Introduction describes how analyses presented in the first part of the book that suggest lacunae in present practice motivate a proposal articulated in the second part of the book for an interdisciplinary multilevel psychology that can integrate contextual, historical, and methodological factors.
Moral Ordering
Authors: Latour Melinda 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chapter 7 outlines the philosophical implications of the broad impulse toward modal organization displayed by Claude Le Jeune’s Octonaires. Although modal organization of polyphonic music throughout much of the sixteenth-century was generally a post-compositional editorial strategy, Le Jeune’s final polyphonic collections offer compelling evidence of a composer using Glarean’s and Zarlino’s twelve-mode system as a compositional guide. Nourished by the Neostoic interests of Le Jeune’s cross-confessional circle at the heart of Henri IV’s court, the composer’s selection of poetry and organization of the Octonaires signal a therapeutic interest in the universal sympathy at the core of the harmonious Stoic cosmos. Le Jeune’s modal choices further these philosophical concerns, exploring the musical relationships of parts to wholes via a systematic progression through all possible octave species. Modal ordering thus served as a means of moral ordering, performed by the small ensemble of singers and working outward to a harmonious regulation of the civil sphere.
Conclusion: Legacies
Authors: Şahin Kaya 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Süleyman was keen on creating and circulating specific images about himself. He did so to the end of his life, even when his reputation was tarnished by his decision to have two of his sons executed, his declining health, and stalemates on all fronts. Following his death, authors picked up on two particular threads: his institutional and administrative legacies, and his personality. In the modern period, he has been used for political purposes by nationalist and religious conservatives, while academics took up and advanced the analytical study of his reign. Today, Süleyman is a figure with multiple legacies and images, some more visible than others: an institution-builder; a passionate, heroic ruler and a tragic character; a representative of Sunni Muslim rectitude. His poetry, which he valued tremendously, lost almost all relevance due to cultural and political changes ushered in by modernization, while the buildings he financed continue to populate a wide landscape across southeastern Europe and the Middle East.
Simple Melodic Patterns
Authors: Houlahan Micheál , Tacka Philip 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This unit addresses features of pitch, the “highness” or “lowness” of musical sounds. It introduces the hand signs for the steps of the scale, solfège syllables, and expression markings found in musical scores. The image of part of the piano keyboard is used to help students learn to identify half steps, whole steps, larger intervals, and accidentals. Sight-reading exercises are offered to reinforce the unit’s concepts.
“Must Be Heavyset”
Authors: Donovan Ryan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fat shaming on Broadway certainly did not start and end with Dreamgirls. This chapter first surveys the handful of supporting roles available to fat women in Broadway musicals and how the actors cast in these roles navigate the industry’s fat phobia. Broadway typically relegates fat women to playing comic sidekicks or roles associated with food and eating when it casts them at all. The chapter then takes an extended look at the only musical of the new millennium so far to star a fat woman as the romantic lead: Hairspray. It details Hairspray’s casting process, its narrative, and the contradictory nature of its fat-positivity and fat phobia. The chapter concludes by noting the long-term career impacts of playing roles like Effie White and Tracy Turnblad, and how fat phobia and fat suits work together to stigmatize non-conforming bodies.
La Cage aux Folles and Playing Gay
Authors: Donovan Ryan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
La Cage’s appearance on Broadway at the moment when the gay rights movement shifted from ideologies of liberation to pride was auspicious. The musical’s politics of assimilation were present in both its narrative and its casting. Its recalibration of family values marked a shift in gay representation on Broadway that mirrored the ideological split within contemporary gay politics, which were forever changed by AIDS and the ensuing gay stigma. The paradoxes of gay representation in the early 1980s are the subject of this chapter. An overview of how Broadway musicals staged homosexuality before La Cage opens the chapter and is followed by a historicization of how changes in gay politics primed La Cage to meet its moment. The bulk of the chapter then explores the original production of La Cage’s casting of its gay and drag roles and what that meant for the musical’s politics.
“Keeping It Gay” on The Great White Way
Authors: Donovan Ryan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter delves into LGBTQ + representation onstage and off in and since the 1990s on Broadway. The rapid explosion of theatre artists coming out paralleled the increase in representation and opened new frontiers of queerness on and beyond Broadway. This chapter first surveys the sudden expansion of LGBTQ + representation in Broadway musicals during and just after the 1990s in concert with the growing visibility of LGBTQ + rights in the United States. It then examines how Broadway musicals finally began to grapple with AIDS, and how they later practiced a troubling way of addressing it. The chapter then focuses on the coming out of Broadway actors in the 1990s, when to do so still carried a profound risk due to AIDS stigma and still-rampant homophobia. The newfound ability of out actors to be cast at all, coupled with the fact that there were suddenly more queer characters to play was a measure of how things had changed. Finally, the chapter interrogates how Broadway’s body issues complicated its newfound queer-friendliness. Casting musicals became less about assimilating difference than about enforcing a kind of body conformity drawn from gay male body culture. The entanglement of gay male body culture and Broadway musicals found its way onstage, recasting the aesthetics of Broadway bodies in a different light.
Musicals, Physical Difference, and Disability
Authors: Donovan Ryan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Musicals use physical difference and disability to make meaning. For decades, Broadway musicals employed disability and difference only in their narratives. While disability is a capacious and sometimes vague descriptor in the offstage world, in the world of musicals it is treated very similarly to physical differences like ugliness and mutilated bodies. The chapter opens with a discussion of the role disability plays in performance, and the labor concerns that result. It then surveys how musicals cast disability and physical difference as metaphors and takes an extended look at how these converge in Shrek (2008) and other shows that use fairy tales as their basis for explaining difference. These kinds of representations contributed to the industry’s disability stigma and onstage exclusion of disabled actors for decades, even as non-disabled actors cripped up to play disabled characters. Covered next are the various manifestations of disability and physical difference that made meaning in performance in Broadway musical revivals after 2010. The chapter concludes by noting Tony Award winner Ali Stroker’s historic series of Broadway firsts. Broadway prefers disability when it stays metaphorical, difference when it’s assimilated into the mainstream by the finale, and both absent by the curtain call. The fact that there are so few examples of embodied disability in the casting of Broadway musicals reveals how disability is a device employed in musicals that enhances the domination of able-bodiedness itself.
Resolutions and Regret upon Going Astray
Authors: Andreou Chrisoula 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the proper role of resolutions and regret in cases where disorderly preferences breed temptation and threaten to lead to self-defeating patterns of choice. It is now commonly recognized that, in cases involving disorderly preferences, an agent can qualify as giving in to temptation even while acting in accordance with her current evaluative rankings. Intrigued by this possibility, some philosophers have taken up the task of accounting for the rational failure in play in such cases via appeals to resolutions or regret. Yet, the current appeals and some of the verdicts provided face some serious challenges. Building on recent work concerning instrumental rationality, and delving into some important complications concerning human psychology, this chapter revisits the relevant cases of temptation and analyzes them in a way that puts resolutions, rational failure, and regret in their proper places.
Performing Spanish Femininity
Authors: Jordan Daniel David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter begins with an introduction to the Sección Femenina, focusing on the years 1934–1953. In particular, it provides an overview of the Sección Femenina’s origins during the Second Republic, its role in the Nationalist Army during the Spanish Civil War, and the Sección Femenina’s education programs during the 1940s and early 1950s. It then introduces the Sección Femenina’s Department of Music, the annual National Competition of Folk Music, and the instructoras’ methods of documenting musical folklore. The second half of this chapter is dedicated to the Department of Music and representations of Francoist gender ideology. Officially, the instructoras’ collective acts of cultural preservation strove to express the Franco regime’s understanding of women as subservient and maternally preoccupied. But some members of the Sección Femenina who transmitted this misogynistic ideology gained a certain kind of empowerment. The chapter demonstrates how this process had several logistical stages. First, instructoras promoted the notion that Spanish folk music was under threat of contamination from foreign popular culture and leftist politics. They then proposed that women’s maternal instincts made them the ideal candidates to safeguard, repair, and salvage the nation’s supposedly ancient folk heritage. Instructoras used the National Competition and song files to invent, authenticate, and codify Spanish female identity according to their own moral, religious, and political values. Finally, the higher-ranking instructoras built careers as teachers and impresarios of song and dance troupes.