bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analysis of slow drift type II radio burst and its association with full halo coronal mass ejection on 12th January 2022
Authors: Shamsuddin SNA , Ansor NM , Hamidi ZS , Shariff NNM 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Radio bursts have been a point of contention among astrophysicists in the modern era. Solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and solar energetic particles (SEPs) that project from the Sun to interplanetary space can all be observed using this method. Based on data from e-Callisto, we detected a type II radio burst on 12th January 2022 starting at 04:24 UT and lasting until 04:56 UT. The full image of radio burst type II (SRBTII) was compiled from two stations (Almaty and Australia-ASSA), the drift rate of the bursts calculated are -0.07796 MHz/s and - 0.105822893 MHz/s respectively, and the relevant solar activity was determined. There was a possible association between the observed burst and the halo CME event on the day. This study includes the properties of the CME and the D-region Absorption Prediction (D-Rap) plot as the signal degradation indicator caused by the solar flare and CMEs to demonstrate its significance in understanding the impact on Earth’s atmosphere.
Power-frequency performance of step-graded double Gunn diodes
Authors: Butts L J , El-Ghazaly S M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Simulations of conventional Gunn diodes containing the double Gunn effect have shown a significant increase in oscillation frequency and frequency range. However, conventional Gunn diodes suffer from higher phase noise, lower efficiency, and reduced temperature stability due to the lack of a hot electron injector. A study on the performance of a Double Gunn diode with a graded gap injector is presented. The second region of negative differential mobility is gradually introduced in several temperature-dependent mobility models, which are implemented in an energy balance simulation. Devices with transit lengths of 0.7μm, 1.1μm, and 1.65μm are simulated. All devices experience an increase in oscillation frequency with increasing intensities of the double Gunn effect. The frequency range doubles at significant intensities of the effect in the devices with transit lengths of 0.7μm and 1.65μm.
Protection of Substation Grounding Grid by Gadolinium Magnesium Sacrificial Anode
Authors: Peng Dingda , Liu Ruilong , Huang Wenxun , Wang Xiaobo , Xia Fubing , Zhai Zhe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Since lower galvanic efficiency and potential reversal might occur in magnesium (Mg) sacrificial anode applied in anti-corrosion project for grounding grid in substation, rare earth gadolinium (Gd) was incorporated into Mg sacrificial anode material for activating and improving the performance of the anode, and the influence of Gd concentration on properties of Mg sacrificial anode was evaluated by electrochemical method. The results revealed that the incorporation of Gd could effectively improve the electrochemical properties of magnesium sacrificial anode. The present of 0.1%(wt) Gd in the anode caused the best electrochemical properties as follows: the OCP decreased to as low as -1.78V (SEC) while the galvanic efficiency increased to as high as 62%, and the minimal anodic corrosion current, 0.0186mA, was realized, also the reverse potential and current density in DC leakage process increased from 500mV to 900mV and 1mA/dm2 to 2.27mA/dm2, respectively.
Research on Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator Based on Phononic Crystal
Authors: Shuang Wang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
With the continuous advancement of information technology and the rapid development of mobile communication technology, from smart home to automatic driving of cars, and then to the application and development of virtual reality, communication technology has evolved from the earliest communication between people to communication between things. The frequency band supported by smart phones and various small mobile terminals is increasing, and their communication frequency is also gradually increasing, which brings some challenges to the traditional RF front-end devices. The traditional RF filter can not meet the current market demand because of its own performance and size constraints. As the best option to integrate with RF circuit or microwave circuit, bulk acoustic wave filter has great development and application prospects in modern RF communication system. This paper will focus on the solid-state assembled resonators based on one-dimensional and two-dimensional phononic crystals, analyze the influence and change law of the performance of bulk acoustic wave devices based on two-dimensional phononic crystals, then explore the main loss mechanism existing in solid-state assembled devices, and propose improvement schemes, which lays a foundation for the application of solid-state assembled resonators in today’s RF front-end.
Timer Switching Control Applied to Municipal Water Pumping System
Authors: Ngancha P B , Kusakana K , Markus E D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the timer control and the inverter control of the pumping system are modelled and simulated. The effects of evaporation, rainfall and seepage are considered to make the model more practical. The proposed timer control model and VFD are used to control the motor pump, which saves a lot of cost. MATLAB/SCIP optimization software was used to implement the developed model. Simulation was used to assess the performance of the proposed electrical timer switching control system. Two scenarios were used to simulate the model: first, a timer control system was applied to a fixed speed water pump, and second, a timer control system was integrated with the VFD power control pump. The simulated results are compared in order to calculate the developed model economic benefit. In comparison to the baseline case, where the load demand is met using a timer control model with a fixed speed motor pump, the simulated results for the given day of operation demonstrate that employing the suggested timer control model with a VFD control motor pump can save 706 ZAR in operating cost each day.
Optical property measurements of lithium chloride aqueous solution for a novel solar neutrino experiment
Authors: Liang Ye , Xu Tong , Zhang Jialiang , Li Shuo , Qi Ming , Wang Zhe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The lithium chloride aqueous solution has great potential to
be the detection medium of a novel solar neutrino detector. The
nuclide 7Li provides a charged-current interaction channel with a
high cross-section for the MeV-scale solar electron-neutrinos,
enabling measurement of the solar neutrino spectrum. This work
measures the optical properties and the light yields of a saturated
lithium chloride solution. After adsorption with activated carbon
and recrystallization, the solution shows little absorption in the
sensitive wavelength range of the bialkali photomultipliers. The
attenuation length is evaluated to reach 50 meters at 430 nm. In
addition to being a pure Cherenkov detector medium, a wavelength
shifter, carbostyril 124, is added to the LiCl aqueous solution. The
compatibility and the enhancement of the light yield are confirmed,
enabling the development of a water-based Cherenkov-enhanced
lithium-rich detector.
Design and implementation of a temperature-compensated corrector magnet power supply for the Taiwan Photon Source
Authors: Wang Baosheng , Liu Chenyeo , Liu Kuobin , Wong Yongseng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) is a widely recognised 3 GeV
synchrotron light source. It has demonstrated exceptional
performance in average beam downtime and meeting international
standards over its successful ten-year operation. Regular equipment
updates are conducted for all subsystems to ensure continuous
improvement and maintain an optimal research facility
environment. This study focuses on designing and implementing a
temperature-compensated corrector magnet power supply for the
TPS. The power supply incorporates a high-bandwidth, compact,
cost-effective, bipolar, and highly precise shunt resistor as the
current feedback component. A temperature control copper box and
temperature compensation circuit are employed to improve the thermal
equilibrium time of the output current. A laboratory-developed
TPS-corrected magnet power supply with temperature compensation
control has been successfully developed through these measures. The
prototype exhibits a maximum output current of 10 A and operates at
a voltage of 40 V. Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect
transistors (MOSFETs) are utilised as the power switch in a
full-bridge (H-bridge) configuration with a driving frequency of
40 kHz. The output current ripple is effectively maintained at
100 μA for a 10 A output, and the stabilisation time is
achieved within 5 minutes. The control loop design of the prototype
has been verified to achieve fast and stable output current
performance. The completed prototype demonstrated a -3 dB
bandwidth of 2.57 kHz when tested with an input reference signal of
0.1 V. Finally, a hardware prototype circuit was constructed in the
power supply laboratory, featuring an input voltage of 48 V, an
output current of 10 A, and a maximum power capacity of 400 W.
Recent peat and carbon accumulation on changing permafrost landforms along the Mackenzie River valley, Northwest Territories, Canada
Authors: Germain Chartrand Pénélope , Sonnentag Oliver , Sanderson Nicole K , Garneau Michelle 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Northwestern Canada is currently warming nearly four times faster than the global average, driving accelerated permafrost thaw and changes to ecosystem vegetation, hydrology and landscape structure across the landscape. While permafrost peatlands constitute a large carbon reservoir, there is no consensus yet on the direction and magnitude of changes to their vulnerable carbon balance. Here, we assessed changes in peatland ecosystems following permafrost thaw at three sites located along a 1000 km long climate and permafrost gradient along the Mackenzie River valley, Canada. Specifically, we examined vegetation succession over the last few decades to evaluate the possible impact of climate warming on peat and carbon accumulation. Results from the palaeoecological analysis of 20 surficial peat cores, supported by robust chronologies, show a return to Sphagnum accumulation since ca. 1980 CE in the sporadic and discontinuous permafrost zones and ca. 2000 CE in the continuous permafrost zone. The average rates of peat and carbon accumulation reached 4 mm yr−1 and 134 g C m−2 yr−1 at the northernmost site in the continuous permafrost zone. In contrast, peat and carbon accumulation reached 3 mm yr−1 and 81 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively, in the sporadic and discontinuous permafrost zones. This study highlights the need for a net carbon budget that integrates the recent accelerated Sphagnum growth and carbon uptake from the atmosphere to better assess the potential carbon emissions offset following permafrost thaw. High-resolution palaeoecological studies can offer insights into decadal-scale patterns of vegetation and carbon balance changes to improve model predictions of peat climate-carbon cycle feedbacks.
Deviation of geodesics and particle trajectories in a gravitational wave of the Bianchi type VI universe
Authors: Osetrin K E , Osetrin E K , Osetrina E I 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
For the Bianchi type VI universe, exact solutions of the equation of geodesic deviation in a strong primordial gravitational wave in a privileged coordinate system are obtained. The solutions refer to Shapovalov’s gravitational-wave models of spacetime and allow the existence of complete integrals of the Hamilton–Jacobi equation for test particles. For all the solutions obtained, the analytical form of the tidal acceleration vector in a strong primordial gravitational wave is obtained. An explicit form of the coordinate transformation, an explicit form of the metric of the primordial gravitational wave of the Bianchi type VI universe, and the form of the tidal acceleration vector in the laboratory synchronous coordinate system are obtained. The synchronous coordinate system is associated with a freely falling observer and allows the observer to separate time and spatial coordinates, as well as to synchronize time at different points in space. The presented mathematical approach can be applied both in the general theory of relativity and in modified theories of gravity.
The bioengineering of perfusable endocrine tissue with anastomosable blood vessels
Authors: Yago Hiroki , Homma Jun , Sekine Hidekazu , Higashi Yuhei , Sakurai Hiroyuki , Shimizu Tatsuya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Organ transplantation is a definitive treatment for endocrine disorders, but donor shortages limit the use of this technique. The development of regenerative therapies would revolutionize the treatment of endocrine disorders. As is the case for harvested organs, the ideal bioengineered graft would comprise vascularized endocrine tissue, contain blood vessels that could be anastomosed to host vessels, have stable blood flow, and be suitable for transplantation into various sites. Here, we describe a transplantable endocrine tissue graft that was fabricated by ex vivo perfusion of tricultured cell sheets (islet β-cells, vascular endothelial cells (vECs), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)) on a vascularized tissue flap of in vivo origin. The present study has three key findings. First, mild hypothermic conditions enhanced the success of ex vivo perfusion culture. Specifically, graft construction failed at 37 °C but succeeded at 32 °C (mild hypothermia), and endocrine tissue fabricated under mild hypothermia contained aggregations of islet β-cells surrounded by dense vascular networks. Second, the construction of transplantable endocrine tissue by ex vivo perfusion culture was better achieved using a vascular flap (VF) than a muscle flap. Third, the endocrine tissue construct generated using a VF could be transplanted into the rat by anastomosis of the graft artery and vein to host blood vessels, and the graft secreted insulin into the host’s circulatory system for at least two weeks after transplantation. Endocrine tissues bioengineered using these techniques potentially could be used as novel endocrine therapies.
Exploring Interaction in Video-call Paired Speaking Tests: A Look at Scores, Language, and Perceptions
Authors: Lee Hye-won , Mullooly Andrew , Devine Amy , Galaczi Evelina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the assessment of second language oral communication, the video-call speaking test has received increasing attention as a test method with higher practicality than its in-person counterpart, but still with broad coverage of the test construct. Previous studies into video-call assessment have focussed on the individual (as opposed to paired or group) interactional format. The current study extends this line of research by focussing on paired speaking interactions, with a specific focus on the construct of interactional competence. A concurrent triangulation design was adopted with the use of both quantitative and qualitative data through recordings and scores of test performances, questionnaires, and focus groups. Findings indicate that video-call paired interactions in the assessment context of interest in this study are largely comparable to in-person interactions in terms of scores, with statistically small-effect size differences identified. Some differences in terms of turn-taking management, examiner, and test-taker perceptions were also identified. We argue for a more in-depth awareness of the characteristics of video-call speaking in its own right, which can inform both assessment and learning contexts.
A case report of self-audible pericardial rub secondary to acute pericarditis from post-pericardiotomy syndrome (pericardial rub tinnitus)
Authors: Ibrahim Ramzi , Ferng Jonathan , Pineda J R Exequiel , Lee Kwan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Pericarditis is a common pericardial disorder that is frequently accompanied by a pericardial friction rub, which can be detected during a physical examination. Although patients’ awareness of cardiac murmurs and vascular bruits has been extensively reported, there are no reports on patients’ self-awareness of a pericardial friction rub.

Case summary
We present the first case of a patient with acute pericarditis associated with objective self-awareness of a pericardial friction rub, which we recorded with an electronic stethoscope and confirmed the sound with the patient. The patient had a recent history of three-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting and presented with a progressively worsening, rhythmic, and ‘sandpaper-scratching’ sound in both ears. The sound was more pronounced in the left lateral decubitus position. The symptom resolved with colchicine therapy and was associated with concomitant resolution of the pericardial friction rub.

Discussion
This is the first documented case of a patient demonstrating objective self-awareness of a pericardial rub resulting from acute pericarditis associated with post-pericardiotomy syndrome. Tinnitus refers to the perception of an auditory sensation that can be subjective or objective, depending on whether it is heard only by the individual or can also be heard by an observer. While objective tinnitus caused by cardiovascular conditions has been previously reported, no cases have attributed the pericardial friction rub as the underlying cause. Therefore, we suggest using the term pericardial rub tinnitus to describe this unique phenomenon.
Autolytic attempt mimicking Brugada type 1 electrocardiogram pattern due to flecainide toxicity. A case report
Authors: López Guillén José Luis , Sastre Albiach José Manuel , Torres García María Begoña , Maravall Llagaria María Dolores 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Brugada phenocopies are a group of heterogeneous disorders that mimic Brugada syndrome (BrS) electrocardiogram (ECG) changes elicited by reversible clinical conditions. We report a novel case on flecainide toxicity causing an ECG signature of Brugada type 1 pattern in the paediatric age.

Case summary
A 13-year-old Caucasian boy with untreated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder referred to the Pediatric Emergency Department (PED) after unknown antiarrhythmic drug overdose. He deliberately ingested 10 tablets from a labelled white box of a 100-mg single dose. The ECG showed a coved-type ST-segment elevation in right precordial leads and prolongation of PR segment with a QTc limit interval. Values of troponins gradually increased and echocardiogram was normal. The altered ECG pattern was explained by the stabilizing membrane effect of flecainide involving the inhibition of rapid Na+ channels. After offending drug removal, regression of ECG changes was observed and no cardiac events were documented during follow-up.

Discussion
Flecainide-induced Brugada type 1 ECG pattern may occur in patients with no evidence of genetic susceptibility receiving a toxic dosage of this drug. With increasing dose, its action on conduction pathways manifests as prolongation of PR interval and QT and QRS complex duration and may cause BrS mimicry. A detailed clinical history considering symptoms and ECG findings may support early-raised suspicion for flecainide ingestion. The therapeutic approach implies primary detoxification, prevention of potential triggers, and management of eventual cardiotoxicity events. Finally, risk stratification for BrS should be always measured according to the clinical scenario and surveillance considered in a timely manner.
Multiple mechanisms contribute to isolation-by-environment in the redheaded pine sawfly, Neodiprion lecontei
Authors: Bagley Robin K , Hurst Melanie N , Frederick Jeremy , Wolfe Jordan , Terbot John W , Frost Christopher J , Linnen Catherine R 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Isolation by environment (IBE) is a population genomic pattern that arises when ecological barriers reduce gene flow between populations. Although current evidence suggests IBE is common in nature, few studies have evaluated the underlying mechanisms that generate IBE patterns. In this study, we evaluate five proposed mechanisms of IBE (natural selection against immigrants, sexual selection against immigrants, selection against hybrids, biased dispersal, environment-based phenological differences) that may give rise to host-associated differentiation within a sympatric population of the redheaded pine sawfly, Neodiprion lecontei, a species for which IBE has previously been detected. We first characterize the three pine species used by N. lecontei at the site, finding morphological and chemical differences among the hosts that could generate divergent selection on sawfly host-use traits. Next, using morphometrics and ddRAD sequencing, we detect modest phenotypic and genetic differentiation among sawflies originating from different pines that is consistent with recent, in situ divergence. Finally, via a series of laboratory assays – including assessments of larval performance on different hosts, adult mate and host preferences, hybrid fitness, and adult eclosion timing – we find evidence that multiple mechanisms contribute to IBE in N. lecontei. Overall, our results suggest IBE can emerge quickly, possibly due to multiple mechanisms acting in concert to reduce migration between different environments.
The Tripwire Effect: Experimental Evidence Regarding U.S. Public Opinion
Authors: Musgrave Paul , Ward Steven 
Published: July 2023

AbstractClaims about the deterrent role of forward military deployments often depend on the argument that attacks on troops stationed abroad will activate a “tripwire effect.” It is assumed that this effect would generate strong domestic pressure for further military intervention by the country whose troops have come under attack. In theory, the anticipation of a strong tripwire effect prospectively ties the hands of leaders, thereby bolstering the reliability of extended deterrent threats and promises. In this paper, we define the tripwire effect and use both conjoint and vignette survey experiments to evaluate its operation and magnitude among Americans. Results suggest that the tripwire effect is, at best, far weaker than many analysts and policymakers commonly assume. This finding raises serious questions about a core logic underpinning the United States’ forward military posture and highlights the need for more research on the deterrent functions of forward deployment.
Germline progenitors and oocyte production in the honeybee queen ovary
Authors: Cullen Georgia , Gilligan Joshua B , Guhlin Joseph G , Dearden Peter K 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Understanding the reproduction of honeybee queens is crucial to support populations of this economically important insect. Here we examine the structure of the honeybee ovary to determine the nature of the germline progenitors in the ovary. Using a panel of marker genes that mark somatic or germline tissue in other insects we determine which cells in the honeybee ovary are somatic and which germline. We examine patterns of cell division and demonstrate that, unlike Drosophila, there is no evidence of single germline stem cells that provide the germline in honeybees. Germline progenitors are clustered in groups of 8 cells, joined by a polyfusome, and collections of these, in each ovariole, appear to maintain the germline during reproduction. We also show that these 8-cell clusters can divide and that their division occurs such that the numbers of germline progenitors are relatively constant over the reproductive life of queen honeybees. This information helps us to understand the diversity of structures in insect reproduction, and provide information to better support honeybee reproduction.