bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-time comprehensive control over soliton molecules
Authors: Yi Lilin , Luo Chao , Pu Guoqing , Fang Zhiwei , Wu Yong , Wang Jiajin , Hu Weisheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Soliton molecules, the bound aggregation of sub-solitons, inherently own multi-dimensional properties, thereby manifesting substantial potential in optical communications and optical data storage. However, to release the potential demands the control ability over multi-dimensions of soliton molecules, by which the valid information can be modulated onto these dimensions. Here, we propose a real-time feedback scheme governed by a dedicated-designed two-step optimization algorithm for comprehensively controlling soliton molecular multi-dimensional properties. This technique can manipulate inter-soliton separations and relative intensities of soliton molecules in a basic nonlinear-polarization-evolution-based mode-locked fiber laser. The wide tuning range over the inter-soliton separation from 2 ps to 58 ps is achieved, and seamless tuning with a precision of 0.05 ps is demonstrated. Relative intensities between solitons can also be separately controlled and a two-dimensional joint regulation is performed. Moreover, the real-time transmission over 30-km single-mode fiber is demonstrated and spectral period doubling of soliton molecules is captured, further manifesting the validity of the comprehensive control method.
Impact of sarcopenia on recurrent biliary obstruction after EUS-guided biliary drainage in patients with malignant biliary obstruction
Authors: Emori Tomoya , Itonaga Masahiro , Ashida Reiko , Tamura Takashi , Kawaji Yuki , Hatamaru Keiichi , Yamashita Yasunobu , Fukatsu Kazuhiro , Shimokawa Toshio , Koike Masataka , Sonomura Tetsuo , Kawai Manabu , Kitano Masayuki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and aims: Sarcopenia is an important prognostic factor for cancer patients. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of sarcopenia to predict recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) in patients with unresectable cancer after EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD).
Methods: The study enrolled 113 patients who underwent EUS-BD using the self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) for unresectable malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) between April 2016 and December 2021 at Wakayama Medical University Hospital. The skeletal muscle index at the third lumbar spine level (L3) was calculated from computed tomography images. We analyzed the cumulative incidence of RBO at 180 days after stent insertion. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify variables significantly associated with RBO.
Results: Seventy-six patients were assigned to the sarcopenia group, and 37 were assigned to the non-sarcopenia group. The 180-day cumulative incidence of RBO was 11% in the non-sarcopenia group and 29% in the sarcopenia group (p = 0.034). The time to RBO was significantly shorter for the sarcopenia group (p = 0.028; Gray’s test). Multivariate analyses identified sarcopenia as an independent prognostic factor for RBO (present vs. absent; HR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.07–6.21, p = 0.034). The rates of biliary sludge/food impaction were significantly higher in the sarcopenia group for the causes of RBO (p = 0.048). There were no significant differences between the sarcopenia and the non-sarcopenia groups with respect to related EUS-BD adverse events.
Conclusions: Sarcopenia is an independent indicator of RBO in patients with MBO who receive EUS-BD with SEMS.
Nurses' motivation in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Najafi Mozhdeh , Yadollahi Safoura , Maghami Mahboobeh , Azizi-Fini Ismail 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Nurse motivation can have a significant impact on the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the survival of patients. Despite this, few studies have been conducted on the motivation of nurses to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the objective of examining the motivation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation among nurses.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 217 nurses in a teaching hospital in Iran, in 2023. A random sample of nurses was selected from four departments of emergency care, special care, internal medicine, and surgery. The questionnaire for demographic information and motivation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation was completed by them. The data was entered into SPSS software and analyzed using Mann-Whitney, ANOVA, Pearson coefficients, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The significance level was considered to be less than 0.5.
Results
A high mean score in the dimension of the feeling of achievement (4.10 ± 0.50) was observed for nurses' motivation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. There were more motivational factors in the emergency department than in other departments in terms of the feeling of achievement, high chance of success, low chances of success, recognition and appreciation, perceived importance, and beliefs (p < 0.05). A higher mean score was received in the dimension of perceived importance by nurses who had participated in cardiopulmonary resuscitation courses and had a bachelor's degree(p < 0.05). Using the correlation coefficient, it was determined that the number of times one participated in cardiopulmonary resuscitation correlated negatively and statistically significantly with motivation scores in the dimensions of the feeling of achievement(r=-.170), low chances of success(r=-.183), perceived importance (r = − .302), and beliefs(r = − .250; p < 0.05).
Conclusion
According to our findings, nurses are more motivated to perform a quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation if they feel like they have succeeded. Nurse managers should also develop and implement training programs and workshops that emphasize attitude and job motivation in hospitals to ensure that nurses from other departments, such as those working in the emergency department, are motivated and motivated to participate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Observational study: Adherence to Disease Modifying Anti Rheumatic Drugs in Tunisian patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Fazaa Aliaa , Selmi Asma , Saad Azza , Miladi Sawssen , Boussaa Hiba , Makhlouf Yasmine , Abelghani Kaouther Ben , Laatar Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Non-or poor adherence to medication appears to be particularly common in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases, especially in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). It leads to a reduction of the therapeutic potential, aggravation and progression of the disease and therefore represents a real health and economic issue. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the compliance of Tunisian patients with JIA with disease modifying drugs and the potential factors that may influence this compliance.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study including patients with JIA (ILAR criteria), currently taking csDMARDs and/or bDMARDs for at least 3 months. Socio-demographic, clinical, biological, radiological and therapeutic data were collected. Compliance was assessed using two methods: self-reported compliance by the patient and the parent and compliance measured by two self-administered questionnaires: the PARQ (Parent Adherence Report Questionnaire) and the CARQ (Child Adherence Report Questionnaire).
Results
Thirty patients, 16 girls and 14 boys, with a mean age of 24.8 ± 11 years [8–47] were included. A cs DMARD was prescribed in76.7% of patients and a bDMARD in 26.7%. Eighty percent of the parents and 76.7% of the patients reported taking their treatment as prescribed. Adherence according to PARQ and CARQ had a mean of 74.58 ± 36 [0-100] and 74 ± 34 [0-100] respectively. In the univariate analysis, PARQ compliance was positively correlated with ESR (p = 0.001 ; r = 0.643) and CRP (p = 0.008 ; r = 0.561) and negatively correlated with the mother's age (p = 0.005 ; r=-0.572), the difficulty of taking medication according to the parent (p < 0.0001; r=-0.698) and negative reactions to medication according to the patient (p = 0.012; r=-0.506) and the parent (p = 0.001; r= -0.651). Adherence to medication according to the CARQ was significantly related to the "indigent card" type of social coverage (p = 0.019). In the multivariate analysis, the predictive factors for non-adherence according to the PARQ were old age of the mother (p = 0.004), low ESR (p = 0.029) and negative reactions to medication (p < 0.0001). For the CARQ, the only predictive factor for non-compliance was the difficulty following treatment (p = 0.042) reported by the parent.
Conclusion
Our study showed good compliance in Tunisian patients with JIA. High maternal age, low disease activity, negative reactions to medication and difficulty in following treatment were predictive of non-adherence. Appropriate educational strategies could improve patient compliance and thus the prognosis of JIA patients.
Evaluation of KLF4 Gene and Long Non-coding RNA MIR503HG Expression in Breast Cancer Patients in Iran
Authors: Eshaghi Shohreh , Hamta Ahmad , Azadeh Mansoureh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and its mortality rate is high. Therefore, it is necessary to study the genes involved in cancer in order to better understand the molecular mechanism of this disease. Since gene expression and its regulation process in tumor tissues are different from normal tissues, therefore the purpose of this research is to investigate the expression level of lncRNA MIR503HG and KLF4 gene in breast cancer samples and also the possibility of using them as biomarkers were investigated. Also bioinformatically, the interaction of MIR503HG and KLF4 was investigated.
Material and methods: In order to investigate about the changes in expression of LncRNA MIR503HG and KLF4 gene in 23 samples of breast tumor tissue and 23 samples of healthy adjacent tissue, first total RNA was extracted from the samples and then c­DNA synthesis was performed. Finally, the Real-time PCR technique was used. The LncRRIsearch web server was used to investigate the interaction between MIR503HG and KLF4.
Results: It was shown that the expression of KLF4 gene in breast tumor tissues is significantly reduced compared to healthy adjacent tissue (p-value = 0.0068). Expression of MIR503HG in breast tumor tissues is significantly increased compared to adjacent healthy tissue (Pvalue=0.0075). Also, in examining the biomarker potential of KLF4 and MIR503HG genes, both were included in the category of acceptable biomarkers (AUC=0.7). It was also bioinformatically predicted that the KLF4 gene and LncRNA MIR503HG interact.
Higher Dietary Acid Load Contributed to the Increased Risk of Metabolic Syndrome among the Early Middle Aged Men based on National Wide Population Study
Authors: Choi Miok , Yoon Eunju , Ha Mi Ri , Park Ji Hyun , Ahn Won Suk , Kim Oh Yoen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have reported a positive association between dietary acid load (DAL) and chronic degenerative diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an early risk factor for chronic disease. However, few studies have shown the relationship between DAL and MetS. Therefore, this study investigatedwhether DAL is associated with MetS and can provide the basis for optimal dietary guidelines to manage the risk of MetS, thereby preventing MetS related chronic diseases.
Methods: Among the Korean men (20-64 years) participating in the nationwide population study (Korean National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, KNHANES 2012-2016), we finally included 3,816 men who were not diagnosed with disease and had anthropometric and biochemical parameters and diet information. DAL scores expressed as net endogenous acid production (NEAP) were calculated using the nutrient information provided by the KNHANES.
Results: Among the age groups (20s–60s), men in their 30s and 40s, particularly those in their 40s, had an unfavorable lifestyle. Significant relationships between MetS risk parameters and NEAP scores were observed only among men in their 40s. Specifically, men in their 40s with the highest NEAP scores (4th quartile, Q4) showed a 1.65 fold higher risk of MetS than those with the lowest NEAP scores (1st quartile, Q1) (odds ratio [OR]:1.650; confidence intervals[CIs:1.045-20.605; p=0.032). In addition, the ORs (CIs) for having higher fasting triglycerides and higher fasting glucose in the Q4 group than in the Q1 group were 1.632 (1.082-2.461, p=0.019) and 1.514 (1.033-2.218, p=0.034), respectively. These results were maintained even after adjusting for confounding factors.
Conclusion: DAL scores were positively associated with MetS risk among Korean men in their 40s, the early middle age. This may confirm that dietary intake among men in their 40s who are susceptible to exposure to various stressful conditions sensitively reflects metabolic status and suggests that proper dietary habits are most important in the early middle age period. It is expected that DAL can be applied to the establishment of optimal dietary guidelines for the prevention and management of MetS.
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of lemon fruit juice, mondia whitei ethanolic extract, and their combination against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Katuromunda Markarius , Ssekatawa Kenneth , Niwagaba Silivano 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective: Due to the ability to synthesize extracellular polysaccharides that facilitate the formation of plaque biofilm on the teeth enamel which is vital for carcinogenicity, Streptococcus mutans has been implicated as the major causative agent of dental caries. Although the occurrence of dental caries in Uganda is on the rise, little or no attention has been paid to promoting oral healthcare in the country. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the citrus lemon fruit extracts and Mondia whitei crude ethanolic extract root bark as candidate alternative therapeutic agents for streptococcus mutans the causative agent of dental caries.
Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and tannins in the crude Mondia whiteiethanolic extract and lemon extracts, while glycosides were detected only in juices obtained from the lemon. The zones of inhibition of Mondia whitei crude ethanolic extract, citrus lemon juice, citrus lemon pulp juice, and the cocktail were 13.67±0.33, 18.67±0.33, 18.33±0.67 and 18.00±0.58 respectively, The lemonjuice and lemon pulp juice exhibited significantly lower MIC of 0.195 mg/ml, and 0.391mg/ml respectively. The efficacy of the extract/juices increased with an increase in the concentration.
Exploring spirituality, religion and life philosophy among parents of children receiving palliative care: a qualitative study
Authors: Miquel Pau , Clemente Ignasi , Ciccorossi Mario 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
A few studies have examined the spiritual environment of parents of children receiving palliative care in Southern European countries, which are mostly characterized by secularization (or the abandonment of traditional religiosity) and an increase of cultural and religious diversities resulting in a much broader spectrum of spiritual and religious beliefs. This study aimed to explore the parents’ own religiosity, spirituality, and philosophy of life in coping with the care of their child with palliative needs.
Methods
Qualitative interviews of 14 parents of children included in a palliative care program in a pediatric hospital in Barcelona, Spain. Inclusion criteria were parents of children who have been cared for the palliative care program for a minimum of 3 months and that displayed a willingness to talk about their personal experiences and gave written consent. Face-to-face interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed by an independent service, and analyzed on a case-by-case basis using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.
Results
The three domains identified were life philosophy, relational, and transcendent. Life philosophy, included principles that guided parents’ decision-making, and how the onset of their child’s serious illness had promoted a change in their values. Relational was focused on how they perceived themselves (e.g. motherhood), others (e.g. one’s own child exceptionality), and the way they believed others perceived and supported them (e.g. relatives, friends, and healthcare providers). The transcendent domain involved God-related concepts, divinity and divine intervention (e.g. miracle as an interpretive framework for that which cannot be explained within scientific knowledge limitations).
Conclusions
Inflexible categories identifying parents as having a particular religious faith tradition are not sufficient to capture the interrelation of knowledge (ethical, religious, scientific) that each parent generates when faced with their child receiving palliative care. Clinicians should explore parents’ spirituality in an individualized way that responds to the uniqueness of their experiential process.
Governance Challenges in International Health Financing and Implications for the New Pandemic Fund
Authors: Brown Garrett Wallace , Rhodes Natalie , Tacheva Blagovesta , Loewenson Rene , Shahid Minahil , Poitier Francis 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:The failures of the international COVID-19 response highlighted key gaps in pandemic preparedness and response (PPR). The G20 and WHO have called for additional funding of $10.5 billion per year to adequately strengthen the global PPR architecture. In response to these calls, in 2022 the World Bank announced the launch of a new Financial Intermediary Fund (The Pandemic Fund) to catalyse this additional funding. However, there is considerable unclarity regarding the governance makeup and financial modalities of the Pandemic Fund, and divergence of opinion about whether the Fund has been successfully designed to respond to key challenges in global health financing.Methods/ results:To better situate the Pandemic Fund within discussions about existing challenges in global health financing, this article presents the results of a scoping review identifying key challenges associated with international health financing instruments. A total of 73 documents were collected from which 51 were reviewed for analysis. Thematic analysis identified eight thematic groupings that emerged from the literature which were then used as policy criteria to assess the current governance and financing design of the Pandemic Fund using available information on the Fund. The eight themes in hierarchical order of frequency were: misaligned aid allocation; accountability; multistakeholder representation and participation; country ownership; donor coherency and fragmentation; transparency; power dynamics, and; anti-corruption. Assessment of the Pandemic Fund against these criteria found that although some mechanisms have been adopted to recognise and address challenges, overall, the Pandemic Fund has unclear policies in response to most of the challenges while leaving many unaddressed.Conclusion:It remains unclear how the Pandemic Fund is explicitly addressing the eight challenges identified. Moreover, there is evidence that the Pandemic Fund might be exacerbating these global financing challenges, thus raising questions about its potential efficacy, suitability, and chances of success. In response, this article offers three sets of policy recommendations for how the Pandemic Fund and PPR financing architecture might respond more effectively to the identified challenges.
Arsenic Contamination in Bihar, India: Exploring the Impact, Mitigation, and Bioremediation Strategies
Authors: Dube Ruchi , Singh Sunita , Gupte Arpita , Modi Akhilesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Arsenic is a metalloid that is naturally present in the environment. Exposure to arsenic can cause health issues like cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, and respiratory complications. With more than a million people affected due to arsenic contamination in groundwater, Bihar is one of the worst arsenic-affected states in India. Groundwater is one of the primary sources for cooking, farming, and other household chores. People are exposed to arsenic through food as well as contaminated drinking water. As a result, arsenic has made its way into the food chain. Several cases of cancer, arsenical dermatosis, and keratosis have been reported in Bihar. The source of arsenic contamination in Bihar has yet to be identified, although the Himalayan sediments have been suspected as one of the prime reasons. The government has taken steps to prevent and control arsenic contamination in the state; however, reports in recent years indicate the number of blocks affected by arsenic contamination has been rapidly increasing. This necessitates a more comprehensive arsenic mitigation tool. Various technologies can be employed to mitigate levels of arsenic in groundwater, of which bioremediation is one of the more cost-effective and sustainable methods. The current article is an attempt to give an overview of the sources and areas of Bihar with arsenic contamination, and the concentration in different regions. It also provides a piece of detailed information on arsenic contamination on health, and the current state of arsenic bioremediation.
Non-linear Analysis of Concrete Elements Using Fiber Section Modelling
Authors: Jena Biswajit , Zade Nikhil , John Shemin T. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Reinforced and unreinforced concrete elements exhibit non-linear behaviour, and modelling such elements is crucial for structural design. Modelling of these members is computationally intensive and challenging due to many factors like non-linear material properties. The present study aims to implement a non-linear analysis of reinforced and unreinforced concrete elements using displacement-based fiber section modelling. In the numerical program, the load-deformation of the RC column and solid concrete masonry prism under axial compression were predicted using the proposed fiber model. The validation of the proposed model was done for masonry prism specimens.The load-deformation values from the fiber model were compared with experimental values obtained from the compression test. The results show that predicted values from the fiber model were in close agreement with the experimental values. The developed fiber model is useful for infill wall modelling and probabilistic analysis of RCC members accounting material non-linearity. The paper attempts to predict the load carrying capacity of reinforced and unreinforced concrete elements under axial compression using fiber section modelling.