bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medicaid Unwinding Experiences in Dual-Eligible Older Adults
Authors: Tipirneni Renuka , Furst Wendy , Ruggiero Dominic A. , Singer Dianne C. , Solway Erica , Beathard Erin , Patel Syama R. , Stefanescu Andrei R. , Kullgren Jeffrey T. , Ayanian John Z. , Roberts Eric T. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceDual-eligible older adults rely on Medicaid to pay for Medicare premiums and cost sharing in addition to supplemental services including dental and long-term care. However, the unique experiences of dual-eligible older adults with Medicaid unwinding remain unknown.ObjectiveTo assess the awareness and experiences of dual-eligible older adults with Medicaid redetermination.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA cross-sectional national survey of community-dwelling US adults aged 65 years or older with incomes less than or equal to 100% of the federal poverty level, via internet and telephone, was conducted from January 23 through February 19, 2024. Participants were recruited from NORC probability-based and 2 additional national nonprobability panels.Main Outcomes and MeasuresWeighted percentage values for respondent awareness of Medicaid redeterminations, experiences navigating reenrollment, and cost-related barriers to accessing care.ResultsOf 843 respondents, most were female (62.9%), aged 65 to 74 years (62.3%), and had completed up to high school education (72.3%). Overall, 16.1% (95% CI, 12.4%-19.9%) had heard a lot and 34.6% (95% CI, 28.9%-40.4%) a little about states returning to Medicaid renewals; 49.0% (95% CI, 43.0%-55.0%) heard nothing at all. A total of 45.1% completed a Medicaid renewal, 37.0% did not complete a renewal, and 17.7% did not know about renewal requirements. A total of 87.7% maintained Medicaid, 5.9% lost Medicaid but got it back, and 5.5% lost Medicaid and did not get it back. In the last 6 months, 7.7% reported delaying or forgoing care due to cost. Delayed or forgone care was more common among those who lost Medicaid and did not get it back (18.4%) and those who lost Medicaid but got it back (30.6%) compared with those who maintained Medicaid (5.5%). Cost-related barriers were more common for dental (25.1%) and home health services (18.5%), which are frequently covered by Medicaid.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings highlight a need to address informational gaps and navigational barriers related to Medicaid unwinding among older adults with dual eligibility for Medicare and Medicaid. Addressing these gaps may help to avoid Medicaid losses that contribute to difficulties accessing care.
Self‐Assembly Construction of Biomass Aerogel with Tip‐To‐Based Gradient Porous Structure to Break Trade‐Off Effect for Efficient Water/Oil Separation
Authors: Liang Zirong , Liang Chen , Li Wanhe , Huang Zuqiang , Hu Huayu , Gan Tao , Zhang Yanjuan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSelf‐driven water/oil separation is an effective and sustainable strategy for oil dehydration, and regulating the pore structure of separation materials to break the trade‐off effect between flux and retention remains a challenge. Inspired by the tip‐to‐base conduit widening structure of vascular bundle, an enthalpy‒entropy co‐driven strategy based on tannin/amylose non‐covalent self‐assembly and borate ester dynamic crosslinking is innovatively proposed for constructing a gradient porous biomass aerogel (termed as Si@TAP‐B), realizing synchronous improvement of separation flux and retention rate. The permeation fluxes of water/oil mixture and water‐in‐oil emulsion by Si@TAP‐B achieve 17914.7 and 10285.6 L m−2 h−1, respectively, and the retention rates remain above 99%. The asymmetric solvent transport induced by gradient porous structure optimizes the hydraulic resistance and breaks the trade‐off effect of separation flux and retention. Therefore, the emulsion separation flux under forward osmosis (from large pores to small pores) is twice that under reverse osmosis. Additionally, similar to the self‐healing ability of plants, Si@TAP‐B can restore the original structure and function after severe damage through reversible crosslinking of borate ester bonds and the flow of low surface energy materials. Overall, this novel strategy is desirable for developing biodegradable, efficient, and durable separation materials with unique structures and functions.
Functional Hydrogel Interfaces for Cartilage and Bone Regeneration
Authors: Cao Yucheng , Liu Changyi , Ye Wenjun , Zhao Tianrui , Fu Fanfan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEffective treatment of bone diseases is quite tricky due to the unique nature of bone tissue and the complexity of the bone repair process. In combination with biological materials, cells and biological factors can provide a highly effective and safe treatment strategy for bone repair and regeneration, especially based on these multifunctional hydrogel interface materials. However, itis still a challenge to formulate hydrogel materials with fascinating properties (e.g., biological activity, controllable biodegradability, mechanical strength, excellent cell/tissue adhesion, and controllable release properties) for their clinical applications in complex bone repair processes. In this review, we will highlight recent advances in developing functional interface hydrogels. We then discuss the barriers to producing of functional hydrogel materials without sacrificing their inherent properties, and potential applications in cartilage and bone repair are discussed. Multifunctional hydrogel interface materials can serve as a fundamental building block for bone tissue engineering.
Ultrasound‐Triggered Oxygen Release System for Accelerating Wound Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Zhuge Deli , Yang Siting , Pan Xiehua , Xiao Yingnan , Wang Xinji , Wang Wenqian , Gao Wenli , Lu Ailing , Shi Binbin , Chen Bin , Zhao Yingzheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common complication of chronic diabetes mellitus. Oxygen plays a critical role in the healing process of DFU wounds by promoting cell migration and neovascularization. However, clinical hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy predominantly uses systemic oxygen administration, posing challenges in inadequate DFU local oxygen penetration and potential ectopic organs oxygen toxicity. To address these challenges, a strategy to encapsulate oxygen with lipid microbubbles (OMBs) and incorporate them into a body temperature‐sensitive heparin‐pluronic copolymer hydrogel (HP/OMBs) have been developed. HP/OMBs showed high biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo. After in situ administration, oxygen can be released from HP/OMBs to the local deep site of the DFU wounds under ultrasound (US) triggering. Thus, given its biocompatibility and practicality, the combined action of HP/OMBs and the US has important translational value in accelerating diabetic chronic wound healing.
Valence Electron: A Descriptor of Spinel Sulfides for Sulfur Reduction Catalysis
Authors: Shen Zihan , Song Pengfei , Xie Wen , Tannesia Leonhard , Tang Kai , Sun Yuanmiao , Xi Shibo , Xu Zhichuan J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCatalysts are essential for achieving high‐performance lithium–sulfur batteries. The precise design and regulation of catalytic sites to strengthen their efficiency and robustness remains challenging. In this study, spinel sulfides and catalyst design principles through element doping are investigated. This research highlights the distinct role of lattice sulfur sites in lithium polysulfide conversion and emphasizes the differences in catalytic activity between metal and anion sites. The valence electron model as a descriptor can characterize catalytic performance, guiding the design of a (FeCo)3(PS)4 catalyst co‐doped with cation and anion. The (FeCo)3(PS)4 exhibits the highest catalytic performance among spinel catalysts to data, particularly under high sulfur loading conditions. It achieves an initial specific capacity of 1205.9 mAh g−1 (6.1 mAh cm−2) at a sulfur loading of 5 mg cm−2 and 1192.7 mAh g−1 (11.9 mAh cm−2) at 10 mg cm−2, demonstrating excellent electrocatalytic performance.
Hybrid Microfluidic Chip Design with Two‐Photon Polymerized Protein‐Based Hydrogel Microstructures for Single Cell Experiments
Authors: Dzikonski Dustin , Bekker Elena , Zamboni Riccardo , Ciechanska Dominika , Schwab Albrecht , Denz Cornelia , Imbrock Jörg 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlthough hydrogels are among the most promising materials for a huge variety of biomimicking and tissue engineering applications, conventional materials such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) still outweigh hydrogels in terms of processability for the production of microfluidic devices. Hence, incorporating hydrogel components inside conventional PDMS‐based microfluidic chips is a promising approach to take advantage of the many possibilities to utilize hydrogels, while maintaining standard properties of microfluidic devices in terms of mechanical stability. Microfluidic chips produced by standard soft lithography are combined with high‐resolution protein‐based hydrogel elements fabricated by two‐photon polymerization (2PP). Those hybrid chips are used to distinguish mechanical properties of different cell phenotypes by injecting pancreatic cancer cells inside the device and investigate mechanical interactions with the hydrogel microstructures. The Young's modulus of blocks printed at different experimental conditions is determined by atomic force microscopy measurements. To showcase the high 3D resolution of the presented fabrication method, fully 3D fibrous meshes are printed with different configurations inside microchannels. By measuring the velocity and circularity of pancreatic cancer cells that pass through meshes of varying densities, the impact on the cell flow is determined. Furthermore, the hydrogel precursor solution is successfully removed and the meshes are immersed in phosphate buffered saline.
Transparent Organic Glass With Bright Triplet Excitons for High‐Spatial‐Resolution Indirect X‐Ray Imaging via Heavy Metal Halide Incorporation
Authors: Xu Ziwei , Li Nan , Feng Xiaolong , Yan Xiangyang , He Tong , Zhang Lu , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) , Yang Zhou 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOrganic scintillators are emerging as promising candidates for indirect X‐ray imaging due to their tunable luminescent properties. However, achieving high transparency while maintaining a high content of organic luminescent material in organic scintillation pellets remains a challenge, which limits their imaging performance. In this study, a transparent luminescent organic glass based on ethyl‐triphenyl‐phosphonium chloride (ETPCl) is presented, which exhibits bright exciton emission and enhance X‐ray attenuation through the incorporation of lead halide. Remarkably, the addition of lead halide does not compromise the glass's high transparency, which remains ≈90% in the 400–800 nm wavelength range. Transient absorption measurements further reveal that the presence of heavy atoms enhances intersystem crossing and improves triplet emission efficiency, increasing the photoluminescence quantum yield from 7.1% in pure ETPCl glass to 35.4% in glass containing 10 mol.% PbCl2. Additionally, the heavy atom effect enhances X‐ray attenuation, leading to increased radioluminescence intensity. X‐ray imaging experiments demonstrate a spatial resolution of up to 19.9 lp mm⁻¹ at a modulation transfer function value of 0.2. These findings provide a promising approach for fabricating transparent organic scintillator glasses with improved triplet exciton utilization and X‐ray attenuation, enabling high‐resolution X‐ray imaging.
Hand Preferences in Olive Baboons (Papio anubis) During Cognitive Performance on Match‐to‐Sample Tasks and Natural Behaviors
Authors: Brownell Logan R. , Cantlon Jessica F. , DeLong Caroline M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAn individual shows handedness when they consistently prefer one hand over the other for tasks that can be performed with either hand. Humans have a population‐level right‐hand preference, and past research shows that a variety of nonhuman primate species also show hand preferences. More complex manual tasks elicit stronger hand preferences than less complex manual tasks, but not much is known about hand preferences during a cognitive task in nonhuman primates. The current study investigated hand preferences in olive baboons (Papio anubis). Seven baboons participated in a match‐to‐sample task on a touchscreen computer. We recorded each baboon's hand use as they touched the start box, sample stimulus, choice stimulus, and which hand they used to retrieve the food reward. All 10 baboons in the troop were also observed in their outdoor zoo habitat, where they were carrying out natural behaviors. In the current study, the touchscreen task was cognitively demanding, without being manually complex, as the baboon simply touched the screen. The direction and strength of hand preference were calculated using z‐scores and handedness index (HI) scores for each individual baboon. When completing the cognitive task, five baboons were left‐handed, and two baboons were right‐handed. Five of the baboons had strong preferences (three left‐handed and two right‐handed) and two had weak preferences. When engaging in natural behaviors, eight baboons were left‐handed, one baboon was right‐handed, and one baboon was ambiguously handed. Two of the baboons had strong preferences (one right‐handed and one left‐handed), and eight had weak preferences. Four of the seven baboons had consistent hand preferences when completing the cognitive task and when engaging in natural behaviors in their habitat. These results show that similar to manually complex tasks, a complex cognitive task such as match‐to‐sample elicits stronger and more directional hand preferences than natural behaviors.
Solanezumab Treatment for Alzheimer disease : Meta analysis for Non EXPEDITION Trials
Authors: WSSAWI AMEER FADHIL ABBAS AL , Al‐Shammary Ali Saad , Imtiaz Sahar , Rana Maham , Gamal Mahmoud , Amin Mahmoud Moustafa Ahmed , Nawas Rawan Mohammad Ibrahim 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundSolanezumab, a promising treatment for Alzheimer’s disease, has captured the attention of the medical community. This monoclonal antibody is designed to target and clear beta‐amyloid plaques, a hallmark feature of Alzheimer’s, from the brain. While initial clinical trials showed mixed results, ongoing research is exploring its potential to slow cognitive decline and improve the lives of those affected by this devastating neurodegenerative condition.MethodA systematic review and meta analysis was conducted and 6 studies out of 1202 were included. The total number of the patients were 4956 And all the studies were Randomised clinical trials. 5 RCTs included, outcome of (ADAS‐Cog14, ADAS‐Cog11, MMSE, CDR‐SB Score), intervention number in each Trial (n1 = 578, n2 = 102, n3 = 50, n4 = 1057, n5 = 659), Analysis was done by Review manager program version 5.0 and I2 of less than 0.05 was considered significant.ResultImprovements in cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS‐cog14) were observed by 5 studies (Farlow, Honig, Joseph, Salloway, Siemers). The overall pooled results showed that Solanezumab is associated with a significant reduction in ADAS‐ Cog 14 scores as compared to placebo. (MD ‐1.18,95% CI(‐1.96,‐0.40); p = 0.003, I2 = 0%). ADAS‐Cog11: Improvements in cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS‐cog11) were observed by 2 studies(Farlow, Honig,). Pooled analysis showed that Solanezumab is associated with a significant reduction in ADAS‐ Cog 11 scores as compared to placebo. (MD ‐1.68,95% CI(‐2.80,‐0.55); p = 0.003, I2 = 0%) CDR‐SB :Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes (CDR‐SB) is reported by 5 studies (Honig, Joseph, Salloway, Siemers, Sperling). The overall pooled results showed that Solanezumab led to substantial improvement in CDR‐SB as compared to placebo. (MD ‐0.22,95% CI(‐0.42,‐0.01); p = 0.04, I2 = 0%).ConclusionSolanezumab’s potential as an Alzheimer’s disease treatment has spurred considerable scientific interest and debate. This monoclonal antibody specifically targets beta‐amyloid plaques, a prominent feature in Alzheimer’s brains. While initial clinical trials showed disappointing results in terms of halting cognitive decline, some argue that the drug may still have promise when administered at earlier stages of the disease or in combination with other therapies.
Inclusive Clinical Trials in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Latin American Perspective from LatAm FINGERS
Authors: Crivelli Lucia , Calandri Ismael Luis , Caramelli Paulo , Lopera Francisco , Nitrini Ricardo , Sosa Ana Luisa , Salinas‐Contreras Rosa Maria , Suemoto Claudia Kimie , Velilla Lina M , Yassuda Monica Sanches , Sevlever Gustavo , Acosta Daisy M , Charamelo Ana , Cusicanqui María Isabel , Custodio Nilton , Delgado Carolina , Duque Lissette , Velazquez Ivonne Z. Jimenez , Leon‐Salas Jorge M , Snyder Heather M , Kivipelto Miia , Carrillo Maria C. , Allegri Ricardo , Consortium LatAm‐FINGERS 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe LatAm‐FINGERS trial marks a pioneering initiative as the first non‐pharmacological clinical trial encompassing participants from 12 Latin American countries, including Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, and Uruguay. This initiative represents a significant advancement in promoting inclusivity and diversity in clinical trial recruitment, particularly in underserved populations.MethodThe LatAm‐FINGERS trial is a multicenter randomized clinical trial evaluating a lifestyle intervention tailored for the Latin American population. Innovative and culturally sensitive recruitment methods were employed, utilizing social media, community outreach, and partnerships with religious groups to ensure inclusivity. The multidomain intervention includes diet, physical exercise, cognitive training, and health coaching and socialization. The intervention was delivered in teams of ten, with adherence strategies including moderated chat groups, dietary adaptations to local customs, shared cultural celebrations, recognition awards, personalized video tutorials, engagement calls, and motivational elements. These approaches facilitated participant retention and engagement despite socio‐economic challenges.ResultDespite challenges such as transportation difficulties and risks of violence in certain regions, the trial effectively implemented prevention strategies across a diverse demographic spectrum. Recruitment for LatAm‐FINGERS began in December 2021. To date, 1186 participants (98.8%) have been randomized into the intervention group. The average age of participants is 69 (SD = 2.5) years, with an average educational level of 12.4 (SD = 3.4) years, and an MMSE score of 27.32 (SD = 1.68). The diversity of the Latin American population is evident in the self‐reported ethnicity data: 57.1% Mestizo, 27.7% White, 5.5% Mixed, 2% Black, 1% Native American, and 5.7% other.ConclusionPreliminary findings from LatAm‐FINGERS highlight the feasibility of conducting intervention trials within diverse populations. These findings underscore the importance of creating recruitment strategies that effectively engage underrepresented groups. This contributes significantly to global Alzheimer’s disease research efforts. The trial’s experience offers a valuable model for inclusive enrollment practices in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia research, aligning with contemporary trends toward equitable and evidence‐based trial design.
Usage Patterns of Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment or Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhang Haixin , Zhang Quanwu , Monfared Amir Abbas Tahami , Irizarry Michael C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to describe usage patterns and risk factors associated with anticoagulant therapy in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer’s disease (AD).MethodsThe United States Medicare claims database (2008– 18) was used to identify patients aged ≥65 years with MCI or AD and to evaluate their anticoagulant use from 2016– 17. A random sample of new anticoagulant users (n = 21,069) was selected. Baseline clinical characteristics during the 12 months prior to therapy initiation were constructed using Charlson Comorbidity Index components. Stable anticoagulant therapy was defined as continued use for ≥4 weeks. Using a nested case‐control design, a control group that did not receive anticoagulants was selected from the MCI/AD sample and matched to those receiving anticoagulants by year of therapy initiation, age, and sex. A mixed‐effects model evaluated the likelihood of stable anticoagulant use with census region as a random effect.ResultsAmong 5,379,863 patients with MCI/AD, 487,745 were on anticoagulants (96% stable use). The mean age was 83.6 years (62% women, 86.4% White, 8.4% Black, 3.5% Hispanic, 1.1% Asian, and 1.6% Other/Unknown). The most frequently observed comorbidities were hypertension (86.7%), hyperlipidemia (70.5%), and mental disorder (45%) among those receiving anticoagulants, compared to 74%, 60%, and 44%, respectively, among matched controls. Use of anticoagulants was more likely to be observed in patients with MCI vs AD (odds ratio (OR) = 1.2, P<0.05), arrhythmia (OR = 3.41, P<0.05), congestive heart failure (OR = 2.04, P<0.05), depression (OR = 1.86, P<0.05), metastatic cancer (OR = 1.52, P<0.05), hypertension (OR = 1.31, P<0.05), cerebrovascular disease (OR = 1.31, P<0.05), composite indications for therapy such as coronary artery bypass graft/percutaneous coronary intervention, atrial fibrillation, etc. (OR = 1.29, P<0.05), and in women vs men (OR = 1.15, P<0.05), but less likely with renal disease (OR = 0.8, P<0.05). Anticoagulant use increased after 2012 (P<0.05). Hispanic patients had the highest rate of anticoagulant use amongst all racial/ethnic groups (OR = 3.1 vs White [P<0.05], OR = 1.1 vs Black [P<0.05], OR = 1.9 vs Asian [P<0.05]).ConclusionsPatients with MCI were more likely to be stable anticoagulant therapy users than those with AD. Stable use of anticoagulant therapy was highest in Hispanic vs all other racial/ethnic groups, likely due to uncontrolled risk factors of the study.