bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association Between Prenatal Maternal
Stress and Adolescent Affective Outcomes is Mediated by Childhood Maltreatment and
Adolescent Behavioral Inhibition System Sensitivity
Authors: Sebők-Welker T. , Posta E. , Ágrez K. , Rádosi A. , Zubovics E. A. , Réthelyi M. J. , Ulbert I. , Pászthy B. , Bunford N. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrenatal maternal stress is linked to offspring outcomes; however, there is
little research on adolescents, behavioral, transdiagnostic outcomes, or the mechanisms
through which relations operate. We examined, in N = 268 adolescents (Mage = 15.31 years; SD = 1.063; 57.8% boys)
whether prenatal maternal stress is associated with adolescent affective outcomes;
whether this association is mediated, serially, by childhood home atmosphere and
adolescent behavioral inhibition system (BIS) sensitivity; and whether mediational
effects are moderated by adolescent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or maternal
internalizing symptomology. Prenatal maternal daily stress and major life events were
associated with adolescent outcomes through childhood negative atmosphere/neglect and
BIS sensitivity, with no evidence of moderation. Results have implications regarding the
effect of prenatal maternal stress on offspring outcomes and regarding corresponding
sensitive periods.
Is Future Mental Imagery Associated with Reduced Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Negative Affect and Anhedonic Symptoms in Young People?
Authors: Hutchinson Taryn , Riddleston Laura , Pile Victoria , Meehan Alan , Shukla Meenakshi , Lau Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Difficulties with prospective mental images are associated with adolescent depression. Current treatments mainly focus on verbal techniques to reduce negative affect (e.g. low mood) rather than enhancing positive affect, despite anhedonia being present in adolescents. We investigated the concurrent relationships between the vividness of negative and positive prospective mental imagery and negative affect and positive affect; and examined whether negative and positive prospective mental imagery moderated the impact of recent stress (COVID-19-linked stress) on negative and positive affect.

Methods
2602 young people (12–25 years) completed the Prospective Imagery Task and self-reported on symptoms of negative affect, anhedonia and COVID-19 linked stress.

Results
Elevated vividness of negative future mental imagery and reduced vividness of positive future mental imagery were associated with increased negative affect, whereas only reduced vividness of positive future imagery was associated with increased symptoms of anhedonia. Elevated vividness of negative future images amplified the association between COVID-19 linked stress and negative affect, while elevated vividness of positive future images attenuated the association between COVID-19 linked stress and anhedonia.

Conclusions
Future mental imagery may be differentially associated with negative and positive affect, but this needs to be replicated in clinical populations to support novel adolescent psychological treatments.
Effects of volitional emigration timing and smolt size on survival and age-at-return in a Pacific salmon hatchery population
Authors: Bosch William J. , Pandit Shubha N. , Sandford Benjamin P. , Temple Gabriel M. , Johnston Mark V. , Larsen Donald A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMany Pacific salmon populations are returning from sea at younger ages and smaller sizes. Hatchery culture, management practices, and environmental factors influence juvenile release size and emigration timing, which in turn affect important demographic characteristics in returning adults. We analyzed data from approximately 345,000 tagged spring Chinook Salmon juveniles exiting Cle Elum Supplementation and Research Facility (Yakima River, Washington, USA) acclimation sites over thirteen brood years (2002–2014), evaluating smolt size, emigration timing, river flow, juvenile survival, and age-at-return. We observed a relationship between size and volitional exit timing of smolts from acclimation sites, with larger fish tending to emigrate earlier than smaller fish. Early emigration was also coincident with lower river flows near acclimation sites. Later emigration timing was correlated with an increase in apparent survival of juveniles to Bonneville Dam (500–530 km downstream of acclimation sites), but also with a lower rate of survival to return from sea. In general, for juveniles successfully emigrating downstream of Bonneville Dam, age-at-return increased with decreasing juvenile fish size and later emigration timing. Our results support a growing body of evidence that hatchery practices may result in larger smolts that tend to return at younger ages. Given the biological and economic consequences of younger age-at-maturation, methods to reverse this trend should be further explored and implemented.
Kickstarting blockchain: designing blockchain-based tokens for equity crowdfunding
Authors: Guggenberger Tobias , Schellinger Benjamin , von Wachter Victor , Urbach Nils 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBlockchain-based tokens seek to overcome the friction and opaqueness of the legacy financial infrastructure in the company funding process, particularly in the early-stage and equity crowdfunding domain. While Initial Coin Offerings and Security Token Offerings proposed a solution for crowdfunding, early-stage companies still face challenges in using blockchain as an alternative equity funding infrastructure. In this context, the idea of blockchain-based equity tokens remains hypothetical. In addition, the literature lacks design theory for the development and implementation of blockchain-based equity tokens. This research bridges this gap by designing, developing, and evaluating an equity token prototype for crowdfunding, following the design science research approach. We propose a refined crowdfunding model and derive seven design principles that contribute to the design theory of equity tokens. The research results show that blockchain-based equity tokens improve efficiency, transparency, and interoperability while meeting regulatory requirements and facilitating secondary market trading.
Sialoadhesin (CD169/Siglec-1) is an extended molecule that escapes inhibitory cis-interactions and synergizes with other macrophage receptors to promote phagocytosis
Authors: Klaas Mariliis , Dubock Stuart , Ferguson David J. P. , Crocker Paul R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSialoadhesin (CD169/Siglec-1, Sn) is a macrophage receptor that interacts with sialic acids on both host cells and pathogens. It is a type 1 membrane protein with an unusually large number of 17 extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains, made up of an N-terminal V-set domain that binds sialic acid and 16 adjacent C2-set domains. The potential importance of 17 Ig domains in Sn for mediating cellular interactions has not been investigated experimentally. In the present study, Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells were stably transfected with full-length or truncated forms of Sn. Using human red blood cells (RBC) as a model system, CHO cells expressing truncated forms of Sn with 4 or less Ig domains were unable to bind RBC in comparison to the full-length protein. Immunoelectron microscopy of the CHO cells indicated that full-length Sn extends ~ 33 nm from the plasma membrane compared with ~ 14 nm for a truncated form with 6 N-terminal Ig domains. Co-expresssion of Sn-expressing CHO cells with heavily glycosylated membrane proteins of differing predicted lengths resulted in selective modulation of Sn-dependent binding to RBC and supported the hypothesis that Sn has evolved 17 Ig domains to escape inhibitory cis-interactions. The functional significance of the extended length of Sn was demonstrated in experiments with macrophages showing that Sn synergizes with phagocytic receptors FcR and TIM-4 to strongly promote uptake of IgG-opsonized and eryptotic RBC respectively.
Explaining the Female Preponderance in Adolescent Depression—A Four-Wave Cohort Study
Authors: Morken Ida Sund , Viddal Kristine Rensvik , von Soest Tilmann , Wichstrøm Lars 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the transition from childhood into adolescence, a female preponderance in depression emerges. Despite substantial empirical research to test theoretical propositions as to why this happens, our understanding is still limited. One explanation claims that girls become exposed to more stress (stress exposure model) whereas another proposes that girls become more vulnerable to the impact of stress (stress reactivity model) than boys when entering adolescence. Stressful life events (SLEs) and bullying victimization are established risk factors for adolescent depression. However, whether these factors contribute to the gender difference in depression is undetermined and thus investigated herein. Children (49.9% boys; n = 748) and parents from two birth cohorts in Trondheim, Norway, were followed biennially from ages 8 to 14 with clinical interviews about symptoms of depressive disorders and self-reports on SLEs. Teachers reported on bullying victimization. Prospective associations were investigated using an autoregressive latent trajectory model with structured residuals, examining within-person longitudinal associations while accounting for all time-invariant confounding effects. The number of depressive symptoms increased from ages 12 to 14 among girls. In the period before (ages 10 to 12), girls and boys were equally exposed to SLEs and bullying victimization. Increased stress (both SLEs and bullying victimization) at age 12 predicted increased depression at age 14 more strongly among girls than boys. Hence, increased impact—but not exposure—of SLEs and bullying victimization in girls may partly explain the emerging female preponderance in depression, in line with a stress reactivity model.
When is a Techno-Fix Legitimate? The Case of Viticultural Climate Resilience
Authors: Nydal Rune , De Grandis Giovanni , Ursin Lars 
Published: February 2023

AbstractClimate change is an existential risk reinforced by ordinary actions in affluent societies—often silently present in comfortable and enjoyable habits. This silence is sometimes broken, presenting itself as a nagging reminder of how our habits fuel a catastrophe. As a case in point, global warming has created a state of urgency among wine makers in Spain, as the alcohol level has risen to a point where it jeopardises wine quality and thereby Spanish viticulture. Efforts are currently being made to solve this problem technologically by developing (non-GMO) strains of yeast that produce less alcohol. If successful, this could help save Spanish viticulture. This kind of technological solution is routinely criticised for offering simplistic “techno-fix” solutions to solve complex societal problems. However, it is not clear what features are criticised by the notion of techno-fix and hence how to avoid this criticism. In our interpretation, the techno-fix notion is not exclusively used as a dismissive term. The notion points to a general virtue of engineering: to create technological solutions that work silently in the background. This asset of technological solutions might sometimes be problematic and sometimes not. Hence, it needs to be analysed case-by-case by paying attention to the moral relevance of the hidden implications of the technology and of the unreflective actions and habits that they facilitate. Such moral analysis will in turn inform strategies for foregrounding this technology to counteract silencing. We discuss what this means in the case of modifying yeast as a viticultural climate resilience strategy.
Artificial habitat – a chance for survival of a rare montane dragonfly (Odonata): case study on an alpine emerald (Somatochlora alpestris)
Authors: Kašák Josef , Holuša Otakar , Mazalová Monika 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe mountain ecosystems of Central Europe are an important natural phenomenon. The character of small isolated islands also predetermines their vulnerability. Typical inhabitant of subalpine and alpine peat bogs, tiny montane habitats, is the endangered dragonfly Alpine Emerald (Somatochlora alpestris) a glacial relict surviving in restricted area of several mountain ranges within Central Europe. Species is threatened mainly by habitat loss and its transformation due to climate change, the expansion of tourist activities and plant succession. In our study from three mountain ranges in the Czech Republic, we bring the first ever evidence of successful development of S. alpestris in artificial habitats. Successful development of the species was recorded in peat pools created by the movement of heavy machinery on now almost abandoned forest roads. Some of the pools have been colonized in great numbers - up to tens of larvae of different instars, exuviae and imagoes have been found. Successful colonisation of the species was mainly due to: (i) proximity to source sites, (ii) suitable environmental parameters of the secondary habitat and (iii) the gradual abandonment of the paths´ use, leading to a reduction in the frequency of disturbance.
Within-habitat vegetation structure and adult activity patterns of the declining butterfly Euphydryas aurinia
Authors: Konvicka Martin , Hula Vladimir , Vlasanek Petr , Zimmermann Kamil , Faltynek Fric Zdenek 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Euphydryas aurinia is a declining butterfly inhabiting oligotrophic grasslands in Central and Western Europe. Despite numerous ecological studies, patterns of its adult activity have so far been rather neglected, although adult resource use contributes to resource-based understanding of insects’ habitats.

Aim
To relate E. aurinia adult activity patterns to within-habitat vegetation structures.

Methods
(1) Timed adult activity observations along a transect crossing a colony site, analysed via partial ordination methods. (2) Activity records obtained during mark-recapture, analysed via binomial regressions.

Results
Both methods, besides influences of weather, time of day (similarities between morning and late afternoon hours), and progression of season (mate locating replaced by maintenance activities), revealed consistent association of behaviours to vegetation structures. Of the two male mate-locating behaviours, perching occurred near shrubs and woodland edges, and patrolling over centres of inhabited meadows. Female activity concentrated in nectar-rich mid-height sward near host plants. Consequently, male and female activity were partly spatially separated.

Implications for conservation
A habitat for E. aurinia should provide resources for all its activities in close proximity. Grasslands containing host plants should be dissected by structures such as shrubs, woodlot edges, or taller herbaceous vegetation, emphasising the importance of landscape heterogeneity for insect fauna.
The influence of concentration variation on the spectroscopic behavior of Sm3+-doped zinc–lead-phosphates glasses for orange and reddish-orange light-emitting applications: experimental and Judd–Ofelt approach
Authors: Okasha Aly , Gaafar M. S. , Marzouk Samir Y. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA spectroscopy study was performed to investigate the absorption and emission behavior of zinc–lead phosphate-doped Sm3+glasses sample. The parameters, density,ρ, molar volume,Vm, samarium ion concentrationN, and mean samarium ion separation,Rwere calculated. The absorption peaks were assigned and discussed. The band gap and Urbach’s energies analysis were illustrated. The emission spectra and the emission lifetime decay were studied. The CIE diagram coordinate (0.393, 0.601) of the sample’s emission was very close to the TV standard value. The oscillator strengthfcalandfexpwere calculated using Judd–Ofelt theory, and the model parameter trend was found to beΩ4 > Ω2 > Ω6which indicates high glasses rigidity. The Absorption and emission cross-sections were studied and illustrated. The obtained optical parameters, absorption, and emission behaviors introduce the samples under investigation as a candidate for orange and reddish-orange photonic applications.
Proton Bragg peak imaging by colour centre radiophotoluminescence in lithium fluoride thin film radiation detectors on silicon
Authors: Montereali R. M. , Nichelatti E. , Nigro V. , Picardi L. , Piccinini M. , Ampollini A. , Libera S. , Ronsivalle C. , Vincenti M. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOptically transparent lithium fluoride (LiF) thin films, thermally evaporated on Si(100) substrates, are under investigation as novel radiation detectors based on radiophotoluminescence for imaging of the full Bragg curves of proton beams produced by a linear accelerator for proton therapy under development at ENEA C.R. Frascati. Proton irradiation induces the formation of stable colour centres in LiF, amongst which the broadband light-emitting F2 and F3+ aggregate defects, whose concentrations are locally proportional to the energy deposited in the material. Their spatial distributions in the irradiated LiF thin films and crystals are carefully measured by acquiring the latent two-dimensional visible fluorescence images with an optical microscope under blue lamp excitation. Several LiF films grown on silicon substrate were irradiated in air at increasing proton energies up to 35 MeV with their surface parallel to the particle beam and a cleaved edge perpendicularly facing it; for each sample, the fluorescence image acquired from the top surface side of the film allows to obtain the depth profile of the energy released by protons. Differences in colour centre distributions detected in LiF films with respect to LiF crystals are presented and discussed. Accurate Monte Carlo simulations allow to fully explain their experimental behaviours, paving the way towards using LiF film radiation detectors on silicon for the advanced diagnostics of proton beams at typical particle energies used for proton therapy.
Dielectric behavior and AC conductivity of PEO/CMC polymer blend incorporated with gold nanoparticles produced by laser ablation
Authors: Abdelghany A. M. , Elashmawi I. S. , Al-Shamari A. A. , Alnattar Hany 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized via laser ablation technique. PEO/CMC-AuNPs nanocomposites were prepared using the casting method. Water was chosen as a solvent because it was considered an eco-friendly solvent compared to other organic solvents. SEM micrographs reveal uniformly distributed AuNPs on the sample surface. 3D images were used to estimate the roughness parameters. The $${\varepsilon }^{{\prime}}$$

ε

′

and $${\varepsilon }^{{\prime\prime} }$$

ε

″

values decrease at high frequencies due to the short time allotted for dipole aligning. The behavior of tan$$\delta$$
δ
was attributed to more dipoles that cannot follow the oscillating electric field. The values of M′ approach zero at low frequencies due to the insignificant effect of electrode polarization. The presence of semicircles below the real axis M′ implies a dispersion in relaxation time, indicating that the dielectric relaxation process follows the non-Debye model. The two regions' curves imply that the samples contain an electrical conduction mechanism of the hopping type. The conductivity was increased with the increase of AuNPs due to an increase in transition probability for hopping electrons. From the obtained results, the PEO/CMC-AuNPs nanocomposites can be considered superior to others in different biological applications.
The Predictive Role of Tolerance and Health Problems in Problem Gambling: A Cross-Sectional and Cross-Lagged Network Analyses
Authors: Horváth Zsolt , Paksi Borbála , Fernández-Aranda Fernando , Jiménez-Murcia Susana , Demetrovics Zsolt 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe existing symptomatic networks of problem gambling are all based on cross-sectional data. Thus, there is a need to explore longitudinal symptom networks of problem gambling. Moreover, the replicability of cross-sectional symptom networks can be limited; therefore, further research should assess the convergence between cross-sectional networks of problem gambling symptoms. The present study aimed (i) to examine cross-sectional networks of problem gambling symptoms and evaluate their replicability and (ii) to examine a longitudinal cross-lagged network of problem gambling symptoms. The study included a representative sample of young adult gamblers (born between 1984 and 2000) from the first two waves of the Budapest Longitudinal Study (original sample: N = 2777; final sample: N = 335). The Problem Gambling Severity Index was used to assess symptoms of problem gambling. Cross-sectional symptom networks showed differences in the centrality of nodes. Correlations between the two cross-sectional networks were low in the presence vs. absence of edges, rank order of edge weights, and centrality estimates. However, network invariance tests indicated non-significant differences between them. The cross-lagged network revealed that the symptoms of tolerance and health problems could predict the subsequent presence of multiple problem gambling symptoms. Overall, limited evidence demonstrated the replicability of cross-sectional symptom networks of problem gambling. Future research needs to explore the utility of cross-sectional networks of problem gambling and assess more precisely causal relationships between problem gambling symptoms by distinguishing within- and between-subject effects.
Magnetic Cooling and Vibration Isolation of a Sub-kHz Mechanical Resonator
Authors: van Heck Bernard , Fuchs Tim M. , Plugge Jaimy , Bosch Wim A. , Oosterkamp Tjerk H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe report recent progress toward the realization of a sub-mK, low-vibration environment at the bottom stage of a dry dilution refrigerator for use in mechanical tests of quantum mechanics. Using adiabatic nuclear demagnetization, we have cooled a silicon cantilever force sensor to $$T\approx 1$$

T
≈
1

mK. The temperature of the tip holder of the cantilever chip was determined via a primary magnetic flux noise thermometer. The quality factor of the cantilever continues to increase with decreasing temperature, reaching $$Q\approx 4\cdot 10^4$$

Q
≈
4
·

10
4

at 2 mK. To demonstrate that the vibration isolation is not compromised, we report the detection of the thermal motion of the cantilever down to $$T \approx 20$$

T
≈
20

mK, only limited by the coupling to the SQUID readout circuit. We discuss feasible improvements that will allow us to probe unexplored regions of the parameter space of continuous spontaneous localization models.
Deep-Learning Based Detection for Cyber-Attacks in IoT Networks: A Distributed Attack Detection Framework
Authors: Jullian Olivia , Otero Beatriz , Rodriguez Eva , Gutierrez Norma , Antona Héctor , Canal Ramon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe widespread use of smart devices and the numerous security weaknesses of networks has dramatically increased the number of cyber-attacks in the internet of things (IoT). Detecting and classifying malicious traffic is key to ensure the security of those systems. This paper implements a distributed framework based on deep learning (DL) to prevent many different sources of vulnerability at once, all under the same protection system. Two different DL models are evaluated: feed forward neural network and long short-term memory. The models are evaluated with two different datasets (i.e.NSL-KDD and BoT-IoT) in terms of performance and identification of different kinds of attacks. The results demonstrate that the proposed distributed framework is effective in the detection of several types of cyber-attacks, achieving an accuracy up to 99.95% across the different setups.