bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deficits in Analytic and Common-Sense Reasoning in Schizophrenia
Authors: Bora Emre , Yalincetin Berna , Akdede Berna Binnur , Alptekin Köksal 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Human rationality has a dual nature including analytic and common-sense thinking. Symptoms of schizophrenia have been suggested to be related to deficits in these aspects of logical reasoning. However, empirical studies investigating logical reasoning errors in schizophrenia and their clinical and neurocognitive correlates are scarce. Formal thought disorder and theory of mind (ToM) might be particularly important for understanding logical reasoning errors in schizophrenia. The current study compared the performances of 80 patients with schizophrenia with those of 49 healthy controls on syllogistic and counterfactual reasoning tasks and investigated clinical, neuropsychological, and social cognitive correlates of logical reasoning in schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia were impaired in both analytic and common-sense thinking. ToM impairment was a significant predictor of analytic reasoning abilities in schizophrenia. Executive functions and verbal memory were also significantly associated with analytic reasoning in schizophrenia. Further studies investigating logical reasoning errors in the early phases of the illness are needed.
Hernia Prevention Using Biologic Mesh and/or Small Bites: A Multi-Specialty 2x2 Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Coelho Rainna , Dhanani Naila H , Lyons Nicole B , Bernardi Karla , Askenasy Erik P , Millas Stefanos , Holihan Julie L , Ali Zuhair , Liang Mike K 
Published: April 2023

Background:
VIH are the most common surgical complication following abdominal surgery. Randomized trials have shown efficacy of prophylactic synthetic mesh and small bites. Adoption of these practices has been limited due to concerns with placement of synthetic mesh in contaminated cases and small bites in an overweight population. We sought to assess the efficacy of prophylactic biologic mesh and small bites to prevent post-operative major complications: ventral incisional hernias (VIH), surgical site infection (SSI), reoperation, and death.

Study Design:
High-risk patients (overweight/obese, current smoker) undergoing abdominal surgery with a midline incision (≥5cm) were randomized (2x2 factorial trial) to receive either sublay biologic mesh or no mesh and either small bites (0.5x0.5cm) or large bites (1x1cm) fascial closure. The primary outcome measure was major complications at one-year post-operative. CONSORT guidelines were followed, and this study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03148496). Assuming α=0.05, β=0.20, Δ=20%, it was estimated that 105 patients were needed. Primary outcome was assessed using Fisher’s exact test.

Results:
107 patients were randomized: 52 (49%) to mesh, 55 (51%) to no mesh, 55 (51%) to small bites, 52 (49%) to large bites. 16% were smokers, 31% overweight, 55% obese. At one-year post-operative, there were no differences in major complications between groups (mesh vs no mesh 21% vs 16%, p=0.62; small vs large bites 18% vs 19%, p=1.00).

Conclusion:
In this trial, biologic mesh and small bites appear to have no benefit. Further randomized trials are needed among high-risk patients prior to widespread adoption of prophylactic biologic mesh or small bites.
α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Regulates Pathological Cardiac Remodeling by Activating Melanocortin 5 Receptor in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Suominen Anni , Rubio Guillem Saldo , Ruohonen Saku , Szabó Zoltán , Pohjolainen Lotta , Ghimire Bishwa , Ruohonen Suvi T. , Saukkonen Karla , Ijas Jani , Skarp Sini , Kaikkonen Leena , Cai Minying , Wardlaw Sharon L. , Ruskoaho Heikki , Talman Virpi , Savontaus Eriika , Kerkelä Risto , Rinne Petteri 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundα-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) regulates diverse physiological functions by activating melanocortin receptors (MC-R). α-MSH is predominantly expressed in the pituitary gland, but it is also found in several peripheral tissues such as the skin and heart. However, the role of α-MSH and its possible target receptors in the heart remain completely unknown. Therefore, we sought to investigate whether α-MSH could be involved in the regulation of pathological cardiac remodeling.MethodsTissue α-MSH concentrations and the effects of chronic α-MSH administration were investigated in mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Rat H9c2 cells, neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) were used to study the effects of α-MSH and selective MC-R agonists. Inducible cardiomyocyte-specific melanocortin 5 receptor (MC5-R) knockout mouse model was engineered to investigate the role of MC5-R in cardiac hypertrophy.Resultsα-MSH was highly expressed in the mouse heart, particularly in the ventricles, and its level was reduced in the left ventricles of TAC-operated mice. Administration of a stable α-MSH analogue protected mice against TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction.In vitroexperiments revealed that cardiomyocytes serve as effector cells for the α-MSH mediated antihypertrophic signaling and that selective activation of MC5-R mimics the actions of α-MSH. In keeping with these findings, MC5-R was downregulated in the failing mouse heart and stressed hiPSC-CMs. Silencing of MC5-R in mouse cardiomyocytes induced hypertrophy and fibrosis markersin vitroand aggravated TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosisin vivo. Conversely, pharmacological activation of MC5-R improved systolic function and reduced cardiac fibrosis in TAC-operated mice.Conclusionsα-MSH is expressed in the heart and protects against pathological cardiac remodeling by activating MC5-R in cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that analogues of naturally occurring α-MSH, that have been recently approved for clinical use and have agonistic activity at MC5-R, may be of benefit in treating heart failure.
The Electronic Health Record System May Destroy The Empathy
Authors: Tabatabaei Mohammadreza Nilipour , Dormiani Tabatabaei Seyed Amirhossein 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe rapid growth of the Electronic Health Record (HER) systems has affected our understanding of the EHR while still providing compassionate health care and optimizing patient-physician communication. Empathy as a core component of this communication has been connected to other interpersonal interaction indicators such as trust and patient satisfaction.The vulnerable situation of patients with hematologic malignancies necessitates effective empathetic interaction with full attention from the physicians and those working in oncology wards.Methods and materialsPatients were enlisted from the Hematology-oncology ward and Clinic. (either new referrals or follow-ups).120 patients were stratified into two arms of the study asking them to observe short videos and complete the questionnaire regarding the physicians: one uses an Electronic Health Record system and another consults the patient without an Exam Room Computer. patients were asked to state the level of their agreement or disagreement with each of the statements of the Persian translation of the Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy (JSPPPE) questionnaire.ResultsPatients viewed the EHR(#1) and No Computer (#2) videos for a crossed-over clinical trial. The No Computer visit resulted in significantly better empathy scores compared with the EHR visit.ConclusionBased on the results of this study, The Empathy phenomenon at its core will never change (48,49)but has various facets that are progressively being understood. we continue to advance technological devices to improve the foundation of patient care and outcomes. If medical care trends in The triumphs of technology, especially in hematooncological clinics, continue as expected, empathy will become an even more critical issue.
An Environmental Scan of American and Canadian Translational Science Training Programs at the Graduate Level
Authors: Ouimet Charlotte , Hassan Adam S. , Popescu Christina , Tam Vivienne 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo date, there are considerable delays in bringing academic innovations into clinical practice. In part, this is due to a lack of knowledge translation and communication between clinicians and scientists. While MD/PhD programs could bridge this gap, more inclusive and sustainable alternatives must be explored. In the United States, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) launched an initiative to create programs wherein graduate students would be exposed to clinical curricula and establish networks with health professionals. In this study, we aim to survey such programs in North America and identify key features. In our environmental scan, we analyzed the translational science training curricula of 28 American and 17 Canadian universities. We observed that 25 schools in the United States offered training in translational science at various degree levels (certificate, Master’s, PhD, etc.) whereas only 4 Canadian institutions did so and primarily at a Master’s level. From those programs, 5 American universities offered a multi-faceted training program that met at the intersection of courses, clinical mentorship, and networking opportunities compared to only 1 in Canada. Therefore, while we noted a growing interest in science translation programs in the United States, there is a current lack of such programs at Canadian institutions. Based on the need established by this environmental scan, we hope to establish a translational science certificate program at McGill University that fills this training void and paves the way for other universities across Canada.
Health effects of wildfires
Authors: Gould Carlos F. , Heft-Neal Sam , Prunicki Mary , Aguilera-Mendoza Juan Antonio , Burke Marshall , Nadeau Kari 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe review current knowledge on the trends and drivers of global wildfire activity, advances in the measurement of wildfire smoke exposure, and evidence on the health effects of this exposure. We discuss methodological issues in estimating the causal effects of wildfire smoke exposures on health. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of wildfire smoke exposure on all-cause mortality and respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity. We conclude by highlighting high priority areas for future research, including leveraging recently-developed spatially and temporally resolved wildfire specific ambient air pollution data to improve estimates of the health effects of wildfire smoke exposure.
The time integral of BMP signaling determines fate in a stem cell model for early human development
Authors: Teague Seth , Primavera Gillian , Chen Bohan , Freeburne Emily , Khan Hina , Jo Kyoung , Johnson Craig , Heemskerk Idse 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHow paracrine signals are interpreted to yield multiple cell fate decisions in a dynamic context during human developmentin vivoandin vitroremains poorly understood. Here we report an automated tracking method to follow signaling histories linked to cell fate in large numbers of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Using an unbiased statistical approach, we discovered that measured BMP signaling history correlates strongly with fate in individual cells. We found that BMP response in hPSCs varies more strongly in the duration of signaling than the level. However, we discovered that both the level and duration of signaling activity control cell fate choices only by changing the time integral of signaling and that duration and level are therefore interchangeable in this context. In a stem cell model for patterning of the human embryo, we showed that signaling histories predict the fate pattern and that the integral model correctly predicts changes in cell fate domains when signaling is perturbed. Using an RNA-seq screen we then found that mechanistically, BMP signaling is integrated by SOX2.
Algebraic principle of natural bases from the standard genetic code degeneracy
Authors: Yu Yang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe symmetry and group in degeneracy of the standard genetic code (SGC) have been studied. However, the core role of equations of degree n with one unknown between symmetry and group theory has been ignored. In this study, algebraic concept was employed to abstract all genetic codons in the SGC table into equations of degree n with one unknown, and the bases in the third position of nucleotide triplets are these equations solutions. Basing upon the analysis of natural bases permutation groups and natural bases as the unit roots, some results were found that the characteristics of solvable groups imply the amount of natural bases, the relation between the first two bases in nucleotide triplets is the algebraic multiplication binary operation, and natural bases have the significance of complex number. These results gave natural bases the significance of number in the complex plane, and clarified the amount and operation in the mathematical sense, which would contribute to understand the origin and evolution of genetic code.
Single Cell Transcriptomics-Informed Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Differentiation to Tenogenic Lineage
Authors: Papalamprou Angela , Yu Victoria , Jiang Wensen , Sheyn Julia , Stefanovic Tina , Chen Angel , Castaneda Chloe , Chavez Melissa , Sheyn Dmitriy 
Published: April 2023

SummaryDuring vertebrate embryogenesis, axial tendons develop from the paraxial mesoderm and differentiate through specific developmental stages to reach the syndetome stage. While the main roles of signaling pathways in the earlier stages of the differentiation have been well established, pathway nuances in syndetome specification from the sclerotome stage have yet to be explored. Here, we show stepwise differentiation of human iPSCs to the syndetome stage using chemically defined media and small molecules that were modified based on single cell RNA-sequencing and pathway analysis. We identified a significant population of branching off-target cells differentiating towards a neural phenotype overexpressing Wnt. Further transcriptomics post-addition of a WNT inhibitor at the somite stage and onwards revealed not only total removal of the neural off-target cells, but also increased syndetome induction efficiency. Fine-tuning tendon differentiationin vitrois essential to address the current challenges in developing a successful cell-based tendon therapy.
Addressing the inherent ethereality and mutability of organisational identity and image: a Bakhtinian response
Authors: Goby Valerie Priscilla , Karimova Gulnara Z. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
This conceptual paper aims to respond to the dearth of theory and mechanisms for handling the inherent ethereality, multiplicity and mutability of organisational identity and organisational image.

Design/methodology/approach
This study considers existing approaches to organisational identity noting the diverse understandings of the paradoxical nature of identity. The authors suggest that identity is still essentially perceived as what is core and enduring about the character of an organisation with changes of identity being viewed as occurrences effectuated by events. In contrast, the authors argue that, because of the fluid interrelationships between identity and image, organisational identity is better viewed as an unstable construct.

Findings
Departing from Bakhtin’s logic of dialogism, this study proposes that identity–image result from dialogic relationships which in turn construct a system of polyphony. This study devises a preliminary polyphonic model which has the capacity to incorporate diverse stakeholder associations and fluctuating interpretations as well as situational understandings of organisational messages.

Originality/value
This study’s proposed model allows to trace how organisational identity–image is continually co-constructed recursively and cyclically and to systematise the various voices that are important for an organisation’s strategic objectives.
Enterprise risk management literature: emerging themes and future directions
Authors: Ahmad Jaber Taha , Mohammed Shah Sabarina 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
This study aims to identify the publication phase, performance and scientific contributions of research papers related to enterprise risk management (ERM) and to visualise the emerging themes in addressing volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (VUCA).

Design/methodology/approach
The biblioshiny technique based on the bibliometrix R package was used to draw journal papers’ performance and scientific contributions by displaying distinctive features from the bibliometric method used in prior studies. The data was extracted from the Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus databases.

Findings
Since the 1990s, ERM publication has gained momentum, and it is generally categorised into four main themes. Studies by Miller (1992) and Bromiley et al. (2015) scored the highest in global and local citations, respectively. However, the Economic Outlook ranked first in quality of publications while the Journal of Risk and Insurance topped in quantity of publications. Collaborative research mainly exists between two authors, and the dynamic number of collaborative networks is evident in the USA.

Research limitations/implications
This study is limited by the filtered keywords used to generate the search on journal papers’ in WOS and Scopus. It is imperative to have more comprehensive and rigorous analytics on ERM research to enable a direction for future research. Finally, ERM implementation better equips firms to mitigate risk in a VUCA environment.

Originality/value
This study attempts to fill a vacuum of ERM literature, specifically in business economics, in addressing VUCA. Moreover, it covers a comprehensive predetermined period of from its inception in 1983 until 2022.
Combatting money laundering in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Agha Samah 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of the antimoney laundering measures in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in response to its commitments to the Financial Action Task Force and treaties in combatting money laundering.

Design/methodology/approach
To explore the effectiveness of the Saudi antimoney laundering measures, this research’s data have been obtained by a qualitative approach that uses a combination of primary and secondary resources. It relies on analyzing Anti-Money Laundering Law (AML) and the process of money laundering detection in Saudi Arabia in relation to three cases from Saudi courts supported by journal articles, academic books and reliable websites.

Findings
This study concludes that the Saudi AML has been efficient and effective in the battle against money laundering. This study finds that there is close coordination and collaboration between financial institutions, banks and governmental agencies in Saudi Arabia to combat this phenomenon. This study also concludes that the AML is compatible with other criminal laws such as the Anti-Bribery Law, the Anti Trafficking in Person Law and the Anti-Drug Trafficking Law.

Research limitations/implications
This paper relies mainly on publicly available information regarding the detection of money laundering schemes and the confiscation of proceeds of crime in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as a main source of information. There data available on the money laundering cases in the Saudi prosecution and criminal courts were limited due to the lack of public disclosure of such cases because of their sensitivity. This was made up for by using reliable sources in which some cases were reported.

Originality/value
This paper underlines the efficient aspects of the current AML that contribute to reduction of money laundering in Saudi Arabia. This paper emphasizes on the importance of the structure of collaboration between regulatory, financial and law officers to implement the rule of law and achieve justice.
A core outcome set for trials in miscarriage management and prevention: An international consensus development study
Authors: Dhillon‐Smith Rima K. , Melo Pedro , Devall Adam James , Smith Paul Philip , Al‐Memar Maya , Barnhart Kurt , Condous George , Christiansen Ole Bjarne , Goddijn Mariëtte , Jurkovic Davor , Lissauer David , Maheshwari Abha , Oladapo Olufemi T. , Preisler Jessica , Regan Lesley , Small Rachel , Stephenson Mary , Wijeyaratne Chandrika , Quenby Siobhan , Bourne Tom , Coomarasamy Arri 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo develop core outcome sets (COS) for miscarriage management and prevention.DesignModified Delphi survey combined with a consensus development meeting.SettingInternational.PopulationStakeholder groups included healthcare providers, international experts, researchers, charities and couples with lived experience of miscarriage from 15 countries: 129 stakeholders for miscarriage management and 437 for miscarriage prevention.MethodsModified Delphi method and modified nominal group technique.ResultsThe final COS for miscarriage management comprises six outcomes: efficacy of treatment, heavy vaginal bleeding, pelvic infection, maternal death, treatment or procedure‐related complications, and patient satisfaction. The final COS for miscarriage prevention comprises 12 outcomes: pregnancy loss <24 weeks’ gestation, live birth, gestation at birth, pre‐term birth, congenital abnormalities, fetal growth restriction, maternal (antenatal) complications, compliance with intervention, patient satisfaction, maternal hospitalisation, neonatal or infant hospitalisation, and neonatal or infant death. Other outcomes identified as important were mental health‐related outcomes, future fertility and health economic outcomes.ConclusionsThis study has developed two core outcome sets, through robust methodology, that should be implemented across future randomised trials and systematic reviews in miscarriage management and prevention. This work will help to standardise outcome selection, collection and reporting, and improve the quality and safety of future studies in miscarriage.