bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longer-Term Efficacy and Safety of Evinacumab in Patients With Refractory Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Rosenson Robert S. , Burgess Lesley J. , Ebenbichler Christoph F. , Baum Seth J. , Stroes Erik S. G. , Ali Shazia , Khilla Nagwa , McGinniss Jennifer , Gaudet Daniel , Pordy Robert 
Published: September 2023

ImportancePatients with refractory hypercholesterolemia who do not achieve their guideline-defined low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) thresholds despite treatment with maximally tolerated combinations of lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs) have an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).ObjectiveTo evaluate longer-term efficacy and safety of evinacumab in patients with refractory hypercholesterolemia.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial included a 2-week screening period followed by a 16-week double-blind treatment period (DBTP) for subcutaneous regimens (evinacumab, 450 mg, once weekly [QW]; evinacumab, 300 mg, QW; evinacumab, 300 mg, every 2 weeks; or placebo QW) or a 24-week DBTP for intravenous regimens (evinacumab, 15 mg/kg, every 4 weeks [Q4W]; evinacumab, 5 mg/kg, Q4W; or placebo Q4W); a 48-week open-label treatment period (OLTP) for intravenous treatment only; and a 24-week follow-up period. Patients from 85 sites across 20 countries were recruited for the study; patients with primary hypercholesterolemia (defined as heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia or established clinical ASCVD without familial hypercholesterolemia) who entered the 48-week OLTP were included. In addition, the patients’ hypercholesterolemia was refractory to maximally tolerated LLTs.InterventionsAll patients entering the OLTP received evinacumab, 15 mg/kg, intravenously Q4W.Main Outcomes and MeasuresEfficacy outcomes included change in LDL-C level and other lipid/lipoprotein parameters from baseline to week 72 (end of the OLTP). Safety outcomes included assessment of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs).ResultsA total of 96 patients (mean [SD] age, 54.4 [11.3] years; 52 female [54.2%]) entered the OLTP, of whom 88 (91.7%) completed the OLTP. Mean (SD) baseline LDL-C level was 145.9 (55.2) mg/dL. At week 72, evinacumab, 15 mg/kg, reduced mean (SD) LDL-C level from baseline by 45.5% (28.7%) in the overall cohort. Evinacumab, 15 mg/kg, reduced mean (SD) apolipoprotein B (38.0% [22.1%]), non–high density lipoprotein cholesterol (48.4% [23.2%]), total cholesterol (42.6% [17.5%]), and median (IQR) fasting triglyceride (57.2% [65.4%-44.4%]) levels at week 72 from baseline in the overall cohort. TEAEs occurred in 78 of 96 patients (81.3%). Serious TEAEs occurred in 9 of 96 patients (9.4%); all were considered unrelated to study treatment.Conclusions and RelevanceIn patients with refractory hypercholesterolemia, evinacumab provided sustained reductions in LDL-C level and was generally well tolerated.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03175367
Long-Term Quality of Life After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Yonis Harman , Sørensen Kathrine Kold , Bøggild Henrik , Ringgren Kristian Bundgaard , Malta Hansen Carolina , Granger Christopher B. , Folke Fredrik , Christensen Helle Collatz , Jensen Britta , Andersen Mikkel Porsborg , Joshi Vicky L. , Zwisler Ann-Dorthe , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Kragholm Kristian 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceAllocating resources to increase survival after cardiac arrest requires survivors to have a good quality of life, but long-term data are lacking.ObjectiveTo determine the quality of life of survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest from 2001 to 2019.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis survey study used the EuroQol Health Questionnaire, 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess the health-related quality of life of all adult survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest included in the Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry between June 1, 2001, and August 31, 2019, who were alive in October 2020 (follow-up periods, 0-1, &amp;gt;1-2, &amp;gt;2-4, &amp;gt;4-6, &amp;gt;6-8, &amp;gt;8-10, &amp;gt;10-15, and &amp;gt;15-20 years since arrest). The survey was conducted from October 1, 2020, through May 31, 2021.ExposureAll patients who experienced an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.Main Outcome and MeasuresSelf-reported health was measured using the EuroQol Health Questionnaire index (EQ index) score and EQ visual analog scale. Physical and mental health were measured using the SF-12, and anxiety and depression were measured using the HADS. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis.ResultsOf 4545 survivors, 2552 (56.1%) completed the survey, with a median follow-up since their event of 5.5 years (IQR, 2.9-8.9 years). Age was comparable between responders and nonresponders (median [IQR], 67 [58-74] years vs 68 [56-78] years), and 2075 responders (81.3%) were men and 477 (18.7%) women (vs 1473 male [73.9%] and 520 female [26.1%] nonresponders). For the shortest follow-up (0-1 year) and longest follow-up (&amp;gt;15-20 years) groups, the median EQ index score was 0.9 (IQR, 0.7-1.0) and 0.9 (0.8-1.0), respectively. For all responders, the mean (SD) SF-12 physical health score was 43.3 (12.3) and SF-12 mental health score, 52.9 (8.3). All 3 scores were comparable to a general Danish reference population. Based on HADS scores, a low risk for anxiety was reported by 73.0% (54 of 74) of 0- to 1-year survivors vs 89.3% (100 of 112) of greater than 15- to 20-year survivors; for symptoms of depression, these proportions were 79.7% (n = 59) and 87.5% (n = 98), respectively. Health-related quality of life was similar in survivor groups across all follow-up periods.Conclusions and RelevanceAmong this survey study’s responders, who comprised more than 50% of survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Denmark, long-term health-related quality of life up to 20 years after their event was consistently high and comparable to that of the general population. These findings support resource allocation and efforts targeted to increasing survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Transfused Red Blood Cell Characteristics and Kidney Transplant Outcomes Among Patients Receiving Early Posttransplant Transfusion
Authors: Gaiffe Emilie , Vernerey Dewi , Bardiaux Laurent , Leroux Franck , Meurisse Aurelia , Bamoulid Jamal , Courivaud Cecile , Saas Philippe , Hazzan Marc , Tiberghien Pierre , Ducloux Didier 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceRed blood cell transfusion (RBCT) is frequently required in the early post–kidney transplant period, but long-term outcomes associated with RBCT is controversial. Therefore, it may be relevant to investigate the association between RBCT characteristics and transplant outcomes.ObjectiveTo study the association between RBC storage duration and transplant outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a nationwide retrospective cohort study based on data linking between 2 prospective French nationwide registries. Clinical transplant parameters, outcomes, and RBCT characteristics were extracted from the CRISTAL registry of the Agence de la Biomédecine and the national database of the Etablissement Français du Sang. All 12 559 patients having received a first kidney transplant in France between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2008, were included. Patients were followed up from transplant to graft loss, death with a functional graft, or data retrieval in June 2016. Data were analyzed from April 2019 to June 2022.ExposuresClinical outcomes of transplant recipients who underwent early RBCT were analyzed considering transfusion characteristics.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCox proportional hazards regression models were fitted to evaluate transplant failure defined as graft loss or death with a functional graft.ResultsAmong 12 559 patients who underwent kidney transplant, 3483 received an RBCT during the first 14 days posttransplant. The median (IQR) age of patients was 53.0 (41.5-61.2) years, and 1929 patients (55.4%) were male. Median (IQR) follow-up was 7.8 (7.6-8.0) years. In multivariable analysis, longer (vs shorter) storage duration of transfused RBC was associated with a decrease in risk of transplant failure (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.98-1.00 for each additional storage day; P = .06). Patients transfused with at least 1 RBC unit stored for more than 20 days had a 5% absolute decrease in transplant failure at 3 years and 7% at 5 years compared with those who received RBC stored for less than 20 days.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, longer RBC storage duration was associated with a decreased risk of transplant failure among patients who received kidney transplants and RBC transfusions. Preferential use of RBC with longer storage duration might improve kidney graft survival following transplant and transfusion.
Care Pathways and Initial Engagement in Early Psychosis Intervention Services Among Youths and Young Adults
Authors: Polillo Alexia , Foussias George , Wang Wei , Voineskos Aristotle N. , Veras Jacqueline , Davis-Faroque Nicole , Wong Albert H.C. , Kozloff Nicole 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceBroad efforts to improve access to early psychosis intervention (EPI) services may not address health disparities in pathways to care and initial engagement in treatment.ObjectiveTo understand factors associated with referral from acute hospital-based settings and initial engagement in EPI services.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used electronic medical record data from all patients aged 16 to 29 years who were referred to a large EPI program between January 2018 and December 2019. Statistical analysis was performed from March 2022 to February 2023.ExposuresPatients self-reported demographic information in a structured questionnaire. The main outcome for the first research question (referral source) was an exposure for the second research question (initial attendance).Main Outcomes and MeasuresRate of EPI referral from acute pathways compared with other referral sources, and rate of attendance at the consultation appointment.ResultsThe final study population included 999 unique patient referrals. At referral, patients were a mean (SD) age of 22.5 (3.5) years; 654 (65.5%) identified as male, 323 (32.3%) female, and 22 (2.2%) transgender, 2-spirit, nonbinary, do not know, or prefer not to answer; 199 (19.9%) identified as Asian, 176 (17.6%) Black, 384 (38.4%) White, and 167 (16.7%) other racial or ethnic groups, do not know, or prefer not to answer. Participants more likely to be referred to EPI services from inpatient units included those who were older (relative risk ratio [RRR], 1.10; 95% CI, 1.05-1.15) and those who identified as Black (RRR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.38-3.22) or belonging to other minoritized racial or ethnic groups (RRR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.14-2.79) compared with White participants. Older patients (RRR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11-1.22) and those who identified as Black (RRR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.04-2.70) or belonging to other minoritized racial or ethnic groups (RRR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.33-3.36) were more likely to be referred from the emergency department (ED) compared with White participants, whereas participants who identified as female (RRR, 0.51 95% CI, 0.34-.74) had a lower risk of ED referral compared with male participants. Being older (odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% CI, 0.90-1.00) and referred from the ED (OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.27-0.58) were associated with decreased odds of attendance at the consultation appointment.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cohort study of patients referred to EPI services, disparities existed in referral pathways and initial engagement in services. Improving entry into EPI services may help facilitate a key step on the path to recovery among youths and young adults with psychosis.
MXene‐Composite‐Enabled Ultra‐long‐Distance Detection and Highly Sensitive Self‐Powered Noncontact Triboelectric Sensors and Their Applications in Intelligent Vehicle Perception
Authors: Zhao Cong , Wang Zhaoyang , Wang Yawei , Qian Zian , Tan Zheng , Chen Qingyu , Pan Xinxiang , Xu Minyi , Lai Ying‐Chih 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith the ongoing advancement in sensor technologies, the development of intelligent, secure, and low‐carbon vehicles will be possible in the near future. However, providing continuous power to numerous onboard sensors consumes substantial amounts of power from vehicle, resulting in the shortened running times. Herein, a self‐powered noncontact triboelectric nanogenerator (SNC‐TENG) with ultralong‐distance detection and a high sensitivity is proposed, which can be used as ambient perception sensors for smart vehicles. The SNC‐TENG is constructed from a MXene/silicone nanocomposite with a fully embedded conductive sponge, which significantly enriches the tribo‐charges and leads to an excellent capability and performance. This SNC‐TENG is capable of perceiving human activity from a distance of 2 m. To the best of authors knowledge, the perceiving distance per unit area of this SNC‐TENG is the highest among previously reported non‐contact TENGs. Furthermore, the applicability of the SNC‐TENG is explored for vehicle sentry mode and blind spot detection for the first time. The use of this technology in a real vehicle demonstrates its feasibility for use in practical applications. Overall, this study provides a new design scheme for contactless self‐powered sensors, and the presented SNC‐TENG is expected to be applicable in various fields where non‐contact sensing is required.
Ultra‐Stable 3D‐Printed Zn Powder‐Based Anode Coated with a Conformal Ion‐Conductive Layer
Authors: Yang Jiayu , Xu Xi , Gao Yong , Wang Yuxuan , Cao Qinghe , Pu Jie , Bu Fan , Meng Ting , Guan Cao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractZinc powder is promising for rechargeable zinc‐ion batteries due to its low cost and well tunability. However, the corrosion and the dendrite growth are much more serious in zinc powder than those in conventional zinc foils, which poses a significant obstacle to wide utilization. Herein, an ultra‐stable Zn powder‐based anode constructed by coating a conformal ion‐conductive hydrogel layer on 3D‐printed Zn scaffolds is reported. The interconnected hydrogel effectively redistributes the zinc ion flux and homogenizes the surface electric field, while the 3D architecture alleviates the stress from volume change at high current densities/capacities. As a result, the 3D Zn powder‐based symmetric cell steadily works for over 4700 h (>6 months) at a high current density/capacity of 5 mA cm−2/5 mAh cm−2, which is superior to previously reported Zn powder‐based anodes and bare Zn foil, providing a promising route for practical applications of low‐cost and large‐scale zinc‐ion batteries.
Microcystic lymphatic malformations in Turner syndrome are due to somatic mosaicism of PIK3CA
Authors: Nriagu Bede N. , Williams Lydia S. , Brewer Niambi , Surrey Lea F. , Srinivasan Abhay S. , Li Dong , Britt Allison , Treat James , Crowley T. Blaine , O'Connor Nora , Ganguly Arupa , Low David , Queenan Maria , Drivas Theodore G. , Zackai Elaine H. , Adams Denise M. , Hakonarson Hakon , Snyder Kristen M. , Sheppard Sarah E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTurner syndrome (45,X) is caused by a complete or partial absence of a single X chromosome. Vascular malformations occur due to abnormal development of blood and/or lymphatic vessels. They arise from either somatic or germline pathogenic variants in the genes regulating growth and apoptosis of vascular channels. Aortic abnormalities are a common, known vascular anomaly of Turner syndrome. However, previous studies have described other vascular malformations as a rare feature of Turner syndrome and suggested that vascular abnormalities in individuals with Turner syndrome may be more generalized. In this study, we describe two individuals with co‐occurrence of Turner syndrome and vascular malformations with a lymphatic component. In these individuals, genetic testing of the lesional tissue revealed a somatic pathogenic variant in PIK3CA—a known and common cause of lymphatic malformations. Based on this finding, we conclude that the vascular malformations presented here and likely those previously in the literature are not a rare part of the clinical spectrum of Turner syndrome, but rather a separate clinical entity that may or may not co‐occur in individuals with Turner syndrome.
Convergence of Visual and Motor Awareness in Human Parietal Cortex
Authors: Monai Elena , Pini Lorenzo , Palacino Federica , Bisio Marta , Bernocchi Francesca , Salvalaggio Alessandro , Corbetta Maurizio 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveBrain lesions sometimes induce a failure of recognition of one's own deficits (anosognosia). Lack of deficit awareness may underlie damage of modality‐specific systems, for example, visual cortex for visual anosognosia or motor/premotor cortex for motor anosognosia. However, focal lesions induce widespread remote structural and functional disconnection, and anosognosia, independent of modality, may also involve common neural mechanisms.MethodsHere, we study the neural correlates of Anton syndrome (AS), anosognosia of blindness, and compare them with anosognosia for hemiplegia to test whether they share different or common mechanisms. We measured both local damage and patterns of structural–functional disconnection as predicted from healthy normative atlases.ResultsAS depends on bilateral striate and extrastriate occipital damage, and disconnection of ventral and dorsal frontoparietal regions involved in attention control. Visual and motor anosognosia each share damage of modality‐specific regions, but also involve the disruption of white matter tracts, leading to functional disconnection within dorsal frontal–parietal regions that play critical roles in motor control, visuospatial attention, and multisensory integration.InterpretationThese results reveal the unique shared combination of content‐specific and supramodal mechanisms in anosognosia. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:90–103
Insertion of (Bioactive) Equatorial Ligands into Platinum(IV) Complexes
Authors: Kastner Alexander , Schueffl Hemma , Yassemipour Patrick A. , Keppler Bernhard K. , Heffeter Petra , Kowol Christian R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPlatinum(IV) prodrugs are highly interesting alternatives to platinum(II) anticancer therapeutics due to their increased tumor selectivity and reduced side effects. In contrast to the established theory, we recently observed that the equatorial ligand(s) of e.g. oxaliplatin(IV) complexes can be hydrolyzed with formation of [(DACH)Pt(OHeq)2(OAcax)2]. In the work presented here, we investigated the reactivity and synthetic usability of this complex to be exploited as a precursor for the development of novel platinum(IV) complexes, not able to be synthesized by conventional protocols. Indeed, we could substitute the equatorial hydroxido ligand(s) e.g. by one or two monodentate biotin ligands (which would be oxidized under standard methods). The formed complexes turned out to be very stable with slow ligand release after reduction, ideal for long‐circulating tumor‐targeting strategies. Therefore, two platinum(IV) complexes with equatorial maleimides, capable of exploiting serum albumin as a natural nanocarrier, were synthesized as well. The complexes showed massively prolonged plasma half‐life and distinctly improved anticancer activity in vivo compared to oxaliplatin. Taken together, the newly developed synthetic platform allows the simple and specific insertion of equatorial ligands into platinum(IV) complexes. This will enable the attachment of three different (bioactive) moieties generating targeted triple‐action platinum(IV) prodrugs within one single platinum complex.
Mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials subjected to thermal‐oxidative aging: An experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Li Qiang‐Qiang , Xu Zhao‐Dong , Tong Quek‐Ser , Dong Yao‐Rong , Xu Ye‐Shou , Lu Yong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractViscoelastic materials (VEMs) made from rubber polymer will inevitably age due to the interactions with the harmful environment during service life, thus reducing the reliability of viscoelastic (VE) damping equipment installed in building structures. In order to understand and be able to predict the degradation of VE damping equipment, it is imperative to comprehensively study the influence of aging on the mechanical properties of VEMs. In this paper, a series of thermal‐oxidative (TO) aging tests and mechanical property tests are conducted on our previously developed VEMs to study effects of TO aging on the molecular chain structure and corresponding changes of macroscopic mechanical properties of VEMs. By classifying molecular chains of VEMS into elastic chains and free chains, the effects of different chemical reactions during TO aging on these two main chains and corresponding changes on macroscopic mechanical behaviors of VEMs are analyzed. This facilitates formulating a mathematical model that can characterize the mechanical behavior of TO aging VEMs. In conjunction with the experimental data, the accuracy and applicability of the proposed model are compared and verified. Sensitivity analyses of parameters involved in the proposed model are then performed. The experimental results demonstrate that the TO aging can degrade the deformation capability and harden the modulus of VEMs, which may adversely affect the performance of VE damping devices. The parameter analyses depict that the TO aging affects the macroscopic mechanical behavior of VEMs by altering the relative number and configuration of free chains and elastic chains as well as their respective contributions to the total stress of VEMs. The results point to the high accuracy of the proposed model in representing the strain–stress behavior of VEMs under different aging conditions.
A matter of alignment? Effects of product types and environmental claim framing on consumer evaluation of sustainable foods
Authors: Weisstein Fei L. , Meyer Jeffrey , Kershaw Jonathan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite a growing interest in environmentally sustainable practices, consumers continue to prioritize taste, quality, and price above environmental concerns when purchasing food products. Previous studies have shown that environmental claims or messages may not uniformly enhance product perceptions. This research examines strategic approaches to framing substantively identical environmental benefit claims differently across product types to enhance consumers' sensory and quality evaluations as well as their willingness‐to‐pay for sustainable foods. Results from two experiments show that consumers' assessments of sustainable utilitarian and hedonic food products can be enhanced if environmental claims are strategically framed in accordance with the nature of product types. The alignment of utilitarian food products with an environment‐focus frame that emphasizes environmental benefits and hedonic food products with a self‐focus frame that stresses the personal relevance of these protections and benefits can enhance consumers' experienced tastiness, quality evaluations, and willingness‐to‐pay for sustainable foods.