bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal relationship between blood metabolites and inflammatory bowel disease: a metabolome-wide mendelian randomization study
Authors: Huang Yu-Liang , Li Min , Zheng Jin-Min , Shi Zheng-Yi , Chen Huan-Huan , Wang Xiao-Tong , Kong Fan-Biao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Prior investigations have indicated a link between metabolic disorders and immune-mediated bowel disease (IBD). Nevertheless, a conclusive causal relationship between metabolites and the facilitation or prevention of IBD remains elusive. Therefore, the primary aim of this study is to evaluate the causal association between 486 blood metabolites and IBD using a two-sample multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis.
Method
This research employed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 486 metabolites as the exposure, with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC) as the outcomes. Causal analysis predominantly utilized the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, complemented by MR-Egger and weighted median analysis methods. Rigorous sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-presso, and leave-one-out analysis, were conducted to ensure the robustness of the results. Moreover, reverse MR and LD score regression (LDSC) analyses were performed to address concerns related to reverse causation, genetic correlation, and linkage disequilibrium (LD). To directly assess the impact of metabolites on IBD, a multivariable MR approach was employed. Additionally, metabolic pathway analysis was carried out using the web-based tool MetaboAnalyst 5.0. All statistical analyses were executed using R software, guaranteeing the rigor and accuracy of the study's findings.
Result
In this comprehensive MR analysis, we identified a total of 45 metabolites showing significant associations with various IBD phenotypes. By conducting complementary and sensitivity analyses, we identified 4, 8, and 4 metabolites that demonstrated noteworthy correlations with IBD, CD, and UC, respectively. Furthermore, our metabolic pathway analysis unveiled 8 essential metabolic pathways shared between IBD and CD phenotypes. These findings offer valuable insights into the potential contribution of specific metabolites and pathways to the development of IBD and its subtypes, providing potential targets for further research and therapeutic interventions.
Conclusion
Our study findings indicate that the identified metabolites and metabolic pathways hold promise as reliable circulating metabolic biomarkers for clinical screening and prevention of IBD. Additionally, they represent potential candidate molecules for further mechanistic investigations in future research.
Targeting Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation: Unraveling the Therapeutic Potential of Oxidized Matrine Modulation of the TGF-β/Smad Pathway
Authors: Jin Zhengsen , Huang Zhihong , Zhang Fanqin , Gao YIfei , Guo Siyu , Tao Xiaoyu , Lu Shan , Zhang Jingyuan , Huang Jiaqi , Zhai Yiyan , Shi Rui , Ye Peizhi , Wu Jiarui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Gastric carcinoma (GC) remains a significant therapeutic challenge, garnering widespread attention. Oxymatrine (OMT), an active component of the traditional Chinese medi-cine compound Kushen injection (CKI), has shown promising results in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of GC. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying OMT's therapeutic effects in GC have yet to be elucidated.
Methods
In this study, we employed a comprehensive research framework, comprising cellular experiments, transcriptome sequencing, the construction of a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and bioinformatics analysis, to investigate the potential role of oxymatrine in gastric cancer.
Results
Our findings revealed that OMT inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation through the TGF-β/Smad pathway. Key genes involved in this pathway were identified as TGFBR2, E2F2.
Conclusion
OMT effectively suppresses gastric cancer cell growth by modulating the TGF-β/Smad pathway, with TGFBR2 and E2F2 playing pivotal roles. This study provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of gastric cancer involving OMT and explores its potential as a promising new target for traditional Chinese medicine-based therapy.
Syntactic Analysis of SMOSS Model Combined with Improved LSTM Model: Taking English Writing Teaching as an Example
Authors: Yan Ke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In order to improve learners' syntactic understanding and writing ability, thus effectively improving the quality of English writing teaching, this paper explores the method of combining Sequential Matching on Sliding Window Sequences (SMOSS) model with improved Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model in English writing teaching to improve the effect of syntactic analysis. Firstly, this paper analyzes the structure of SMOSS model. Secondly, this paper optimizes the traditional LSTM model by using Connectist Temporal Classification (CTC), and proposes an English text error detection model. Meanwhile, this paper combines the SMOSS model with the optimized LSTM model to form a comprehensive syntactic analysis framework, and designs and implements the structure and code of the framework. Finally, on the one hand, the semantic disambiguation performance of the model is tested by using SemCor data set. On the other hand, taking English writing teaching as an example, the proposed method is further verified by designing a comparative experiment in groups. The results show that: (1) From the experimental data of word sense disambiguation, the accuracy of the SMOSS-LSTM model proposed in this paper is the lowest when the context range is "3 + 3", then it rises in turn at "5 + 5" and "7 + 7", reaches the highest at "7 + 7", and then begins to decrease at "10 + 10"; (2) Compared with the control group, the accuracy of syntactic analysis in the experimental group reached 89.5%, while that in the control group was only 73.2%. (3) In the aspect of English text error detection, the detection accuracy of the proposed model in the experimental group is as high as 94.8%, which is significantly better than the traditional SMOSS-based text error detection method, and its accuracy is only 68.3%. This paper verifies the effectiveness and practicability of applying SMOSS model and improved LSTM model to the syntactic analysis task in English writing teaching, and provides new ideas and methods for the application of syntactic analysis in English teaching.
Success rate of adrenal venous sampling and the location of right adrenal vein orifice: a retrospective study
Authors: Bai Minfu , Zhao Qiuping , Dong Jiajia , Yang Xiaomo , Wang Xiaohui , Gao Chuanyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is the gold standard to identify aldosterone-producing adenoma and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. The present study aims to report the success rate of AVS and distribution characteristics of the right adrenal vein orifice(RAVO).
Methods
166 patients diagnosed as primary aldosteronism, and who underwent AVS, were retrospectively reviewed.
Results
The success rates of right and left blood samplings were 91.0% and 94.3%, respectively. The success rate of bilateral blood samplings was 86.1%. The success of left blood samplings was statistical significance in weight (p = 0.03). The 151 patients whose right blood samplings were successful were divided into 5 groups according to the RAVO. In 130 (86%) of the 151 patients, the RAVO was mainly located at a level ranging from the upper segment of T11 to the lower segment of T12. Ages were statistical significance among 5 groups (p = 0.001).
Conclusions
The success rate of AVS in present study was rather high. The RAVO was mainly located at a level ranging from the upper segment of T11 to the lower segment of T12. The lower age were associated with the higher level of RAVO.
Role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with high-risk T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma: An analysis of clinical outcomes
Authors: Deng Lan , Zhang Xiaoting , Pang Yuyang , Wei Cong , Liang Dan , Yang Shaoxin , Zhao Chong , Huang Rui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is believed to be an effective treatment for high-risk (HR) T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma (T-ALL/LBL), a rare but highly aggressive disease. This study aimed to analyse the treatment outcomes of allo-HSCT in adult patients with HR T-ALL/LBL.
From January 2005 to April 2022, we retrospectively analysed 56 adult patients with HR T-ALL/LBL who underwent allo-HSCT. Multivariate analysis showed that central nervous system (CNS) involvement and disease status at transplantation in second complete remission (≥CR2) were independent risk factors for overall survival (OS), whereas the development of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) after allo-HSCT was an independent protective factor for OS. Independent risk factors for leukaemia-free survival were disease status at transplantation in ≥CR2 and the development of cGVHD after allo-HSCT. The independent protective factor for cumulative incidences of relapse was the development of cGVHD after transplantation. The disease status at transplantation in ≥CR2 was also an independent risk factor for non-relapse mortality. In conclusion, Allo-HSCT was effective for treating patients with HR T-ALL/LBL. CNS involvement during treatment, disease status at transplantation, and the development of cGVHD after transplantation were independent prognostic factors affecting treatment outcomes.
Evaluation of alcohol use behavior among patients cured through HCV elimination program in Georgia
Authors: Butsashvili Maia , Gulbiani Lasha , Gudavadze Salome , Kamkamidze Tina , Kajaia Maia , Kanchelashvili Giorgi , Kamkamidze George 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
The objective of the study was to understand the role of drinking behavior on liver health after achieving sustained viral response (SVR) among HCV patients.
Results
The study was conducted in HCV treatment provider clinics in three cities of Georgia (Tbilisi, Batumi and Telavi). Face-to-face interviews were conducted using questionnaire developed for this study. FIB-4 score or liver elastography were used to assess the liver fibrosis level. Overall, 438 patients were enrolled in the study. Of those, 9.6% were ≤ 35 years old, 82.9% male, 70.5% married, 62.7% employed, 36.6% had university degree. 9.5% consider themselves heavy drinkers; 94.2% knew that heavy alcohol consumption can progress liver fibrosis. 97.8% abstained from alcohol during treatment with 76.6% resuming drinking after achieving SVR. 52.1% felt moderate alcohol intake is normal for those with low fibrosis scores. Liver fibrosis improvement was more prevalent among individuals avoiding alcohol after HCV diagnosis (85.4% vs 71.4%, P < 0.01) or after achieving SVR (87.5% vs 74.7% of those resuming drinking after achieving SVR, P < 0.02). In conclusion, majority of HCV patients do not drink alcohol during treatment, but resume drinking after achieving SVR. People abstaining from alcohol intake after HCV cure have higher chance of liver fibrosis improvement.
Drought stress alters rubber molecular weight and relative expression levels of key genes -involved in natural rubber production in rubber dandelion, Taraxacum kok-saghyz
Authors: Mofidi Seyed Shahab Hedayat , Naghavi Mohammad Reza , Sabokdast Manijeh , Jariani Parisa , Cornish Katrina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Natural rubber (NR) is a vital raw material for many industries, but its main source, Hevea brasiliensis, is vulnerable to diseases and climate change. Taraxacum kok-saghyz (rubber dandelion, TKS) is an alternative source of NR that can grow in temperate regions. This study investigated the effect of drought stress on NR biosynthesis and quality in TKS roots. Drought stress didn’t affect the total rubber content, but increased the molecular weight (Mw) of the rubber significantly. The highest Mw was observed under severe drought stress, which also induced the highest expression of CPT and SRPP genes, which are involved in NR production. The rubber from TKS roots (TNR) had a high Mw of 994,000 g/mol under normal irrigation and a low glass transition temperature (Tg) of below − 60°C, indicating its industrial potential. Drought stress also increased the levels of proline, H2O2, MDA, and antioxidant enzymes (CAT, APX, GPX) in TKS roots, indicating a drought response mechanism. These results suggest that TKS can produce good quality NR under drought stress conditions and can be cultivated in regions with water scarcity.
Comprehensive Benefit Assessment of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project Based on Markowitz Theory
Authors: Long Yan , Qu Jia , Gao Wei , Liu Yuxin , Yang Yilin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In order to maximize the water utilization rate of the complex water diversion projects at different times and in different regions, this study takes the actual benefits from 2015 to 2021 in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei province and Henan province in the water receiving areas of the middle route project as the basis, and selects nine representative indicators regarding social, economic and ecological benefits. Then the Markowitz theory in economics is used to calculate the combination of water allocation for the project to achieve the maximum comprehensive benefits, and a Markowitz model for water conservancy projects is built. The results show that the maximum comprehensive benefits of the project are achieved when 79.9% of the transferred water is used to produce social benefits, 15.8% to produce ecological benefits and 4.5% to produce economic benefits.
Priorities identification of habitat restoration for migratory birds under the early dry season: A case study of Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake wetlands, China
Authors: Wu Haipeng , Wang Guiqiao , Dai Juan , Long Yuannan , Zhou Lu , Mo Sihao , Yang Ruiqing , Cai Xiaoxi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Context: Poyang Lake (PYL) and Dongting Lake (DTL), as the two largest freshwater lakes in China, play crucial roles in biodiversity conservation and water resource allocation. However, due to the combined impacts of human activities and climate change, the timing of their early dry season (EDS) has significantly changed in recent years, leading to ecological and economic issues. It is essential to conduct priority identification of wetland restoration, because of the limitations of funds, policies, and manpower.
Objectives: We determine 1) a priority identification framework based on habitat suitability changes and weight data of migratory birds; 2) priority areas for habitat restoration of PYL and DTL wetlands; and 3) habitat restoration efficiency in priority areas.
Methods: We combined habitat suitability data for migratory birds with studies of early dry season to identify priority restoration areas. We use three landscape pattern indices and spatial autocorrelation analysis to investigate the distribution pattern of key areas and evaluate the efficiency of habitat restoration.
Results: The area of PYL wetland of very high, high, low, and very low priorities for wetland restoration is 90.19, 463.48, 404.47, and 2498.42 km2, respectively. And that of DTL wetland is 109.61, 381.46, 331.68, and 1809.27 km2, respectively. The PYL wetland exhibits a high degree of fragmentation in low-priority areas. In contrast, the DTL wetland exhibits fragmentation in both high-priority and very high-priority areas.
Conclusion: The high priority and very priority areas of these two wetlands should be the focus of restoration efforts as they are the most efficient for habitat restoration. The result is of great significance for the conservation of resources and biodiversity in wetlands.
Navigating the Ethical Landscape of the Artificial Placenta: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cavolo Alice , Boer Angret , Proost Lien , Verweij E. J. , Gastmans Chris 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective: To present the ethical debate on the artificial placenta (AP) by identifying, distinguishing, and organising the different ethical arguments described in the literature.
Method: We conducted a systematic review of the ethical literature. We selected articles based on the following predefined inclusion criteria: presenting fully elaborated ethical arguments, on artificial placenta/partial ectogenesis, English-language. We followed the QUAGOL methodology for the analysis.
Results: Forty articles were included. We identified three main themes. First, foundational-ethical issues. There is substantial disagreement on whether the subject is an infant or a new moral entity because it has the physiology of a foetus, but it sits outside the womb. Second, clinical-ethical issues. Few authors believed that the AP would increase reproductive choices. However, the majority warned that the AP could limit reproductive choices by creating pressure to use it in healthy pregnancies or as an alternative to abortion. Third, research ethics issues. Publications mostly focused on selection of the first in-human trial participants, e.g., only parents who have been adequately counselled and for whom a caesarean is medically indicated.
Conclusions: The focus of the existing AP ethical literature AP is mostly its potential use as an alternative to abortion or healthy pregnancies rather than on treatment of preterm infants, who will bear the risks of the first AP trial and implementation. Furthermore, all but one article originated from high-income western countries, and no articles discuss the global health perspective. We conclude, therefore, that the current ethical literature on AP is imbalanced: it leans more towards science fiction scenarios than actual clinical and technological reality and it lacks a global ethics perspective.
The impact of historical culture on city tourism: Evidence from Chinese classical literature
Authors: Gao Yanyan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This paper uses the spatial distribution of Chinese classical literature during the Tang and Song Dynasties (618-1279 A.D.) to estimate the long-run effect of historical culture on city tourism today. To identify the causal effect, we use famous academies at the same periods as an instrumental variable of place-based literature. Empirical results reveal that the classical literature contributes to promoting the tourism economies in the past two decades, with an estimated elasticity of around 0.2 under the instrumental variables method. The effect is more pronounced for the literature and poems in the Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.) and highly persistent over time. We further document that the positive tourism impact is quite robust, and the classical literature contributes to city tourism by facilitating the later accumulation of local cultural resources, enabling tourism development based on it, and promoting local schooling education.
JEL Code: Z11; Z32; R12; L83
Neuropsychological effects of the lockdown due to the Covid-19 pandemic on patients with Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers
Authors: Margiotta Roberta , Trebbastoni Alessandro , Barbetti Sonia , Canevelli Marco , D'Antonio Fabrizia , Diana Sofia , Vita Antonella Di , Imbriano Letizia , Lisi Stefania , Monti Micaela Sepe , Talarico Giuseppina , Guariglia Cecilia , Bruno Giuseppe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The profound changes in daily life caused by Covid-19 and the impact of these changes on emotional well-being have been particularly severe in elderly subjects, especially those suffering from neurodegenerative diseases and their caregiver. Indeed, the risk of contracting the virus has led to greater prudence, with social isolation, decreased contact with relatives, and the interruption of numerous daily activities and hobbies useful for stimulating cognitive functions.
Considering these changes, the present study aimed to investigate the cognitive, psychological, and behavioral effects of the Covid-19 lockdown in a population of elderly patients with a cognitive impairment through a semi-structured telephone interview with caregivers. We also evaluated the emotional experience and stress load perceived by caregivers. We found that patients had a worsened neuropsychological profile, mainly involving memory and language, and increased behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, such as agitation, depression, apathy, and anxiety, further reducing their autonomies. In addition, caregivers reported an increased perceived stress load. Nevertheless,some positive aspects were also identified, such as discovering unexpected coping abilities and improving the relationship between patient and caregiver.
Optimizing Handwritten Arabic Character Recognition: Feature Extraction, Concatenation, and PSO-Based Feature Selection.
Authors: Rouabhi Sarra , Belbachir Khadidja El-Kobra , Tlemsani Redouane 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Recognizing and writing Arabic characters correctly is a difficult task, especially for non-native speakers. With the growing trend toward digital teaching and distance learning, there is a need for efficient and accurate automatic recognition of Arabic characters. The work investigates three distinct approaches to address this challenge. Firstly, features are extracted from handwritten Arabic character images using two pre-trained models: EfficientNet B2 and DenseNet 201. These extracted features are then employed for classification utilizing various classifiers. Secondly, the features obtained from both models are concatenated to enhance classification performance by leveraging the unique representations learned by each model. Lastly, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is integrated into the feature selection process, identifying the most relevant features that contribute to improved classification accuracy. The best test accuracies obtained were 85.94% in the first experiment, 88.73% in the second, and 90.20% in the third.
Identifying Biomarkers for Prognostic Treatment in Breast Cancer through Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Shi Yue , Yan Shaozhang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to identify biomarkers linked to breast cancer for potential treatment.
Methods
Three breast cancer gene microarrays were selected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, meeting specific criteria. Paired data analysis revealed shared Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) among them. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed. A Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network was constructed using String databases and Cytoscape software to identify hub genes. These hub genes underwent analysis for differential expression, survival, and pathological presentation in various databases (UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, and HPA(The Human Protein Atlas)).
Results
Integrated analysis yielded 202 shared DEGs, with 164 downregulated and 38 upregulated genes.Highlighted 10 hub genes associated with breast cancer: KIF20A, CCVB1, KIF2C, TTK, CCNA2, RRM2, TOP2A, CDK1, KIF4A and CACA8.
Conclusion
The study uncovers the roles of these hub genes in cancer growth and proliferation, particularly TTK's link to basal-like and triple-positive breast cancer.RRM2 exhibited significance in HER2-positive cases, while others were prominent in triple-negative breast cancer. Exploring these hub genes provides potential biomarkers and insights for breast cancer prognosis and treatment decisions.