bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical resection of a recurrent retroperitoneal paraganglioma: A case report
Authors: Feng Yan-Fei , Pan Yi-Feng , Zhou Han-Lei , Hu Zhao-Hua , Wang Jue-Jue , Chen Bing 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Paraganglioma (PGL) is a neuroendocrine tumor originating from paraganglia that can occur in various locations, such as the head, neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Retroperitoneal PGLs are rare, and recurrent cases in this area are particularly uncommon, posing considerable surgical complexities. Owing to their neuroendocrine activity, PGLs are capable of secreting hormones like catecholamines, thereby presenting significant challenges in hemodynamic management during the perioperative period.
CASE SUMMARY
We report a 64-year-old man with a recurrent retroperitoneal PGL. The patient underwent retroperitoneal mass resection in 2013, with postoperative pathology revealing a PGL. Regular follow-up was not conducted until April 2024, when a computed tomography scan revealed a huge mass in the retroperitoneum, closely adjacent to the abdominal aorta. Laboratory examinations revealed elevated levels of catecholamines in the patient's blood serum. Upon admission, volume expansion and blood pressure (BP) monitoring were carried out for one week, with catecholamine levels reviewed and normalized. Adequate preoperative preparation was conducted, including central venous access, arterial BP monitoring, and the preparation of vasoactive agents. During tumor resection, the patient experienced acute, significant fluctuations in BP. The timely intervention of the anesthesiologist stabilized the BP, facilitating the successful resection of the tumor which was confirmed as a recurrent PGL. Postoperative follow-up revealed no evidence of tumor residual or recurrence.
CONCLUSION
PGL recurrence is rare but non-negligible. PGLs adjacent to major arteries complicate surgery, and perioperative hemodynamic stability demands meticulous attention.
ЭПИЧЕСКИЕ ЧЕРТЫ В ПОЭЗИИ НУРБИЯ БАГОВА (БЭГЪ НУРБЫЙ ИПОЭЗИЕРЭ ЭПИКЭ НЭШАНЭХЭМРЭ)
Authors: Хуажева Н.Х. 
Published: January 2025

Рассматриваются тематика и проблематика поэтических произведений Нурбия Багова, эпические черты его творчества, связанные с 1960-1980 гг. Выявляются истоки творчества, связь поэзии с фольклором адыгов, с традициями русской классической литературы. Выделяются этапы художественного творчества Багова: первый – 1960-е; второй – 1980-е годы и их особенности. Поэтические произведения первого этапа посвящены природе, Родине, труду, поэт стремится показать лирические переживания героев, эпическое осмысление фактов жизни. Второй этап – это зрелый период творчества, расширяется тематика, появляется больше произведений с эпическим составляющим, новые стилистические приемы, складывается в творчестве литературный жанр лиро-эпической поэмы. Особое внимание уделено вопросам мастерства поэта в произведениях 1970-1980-х годов, анализу выразительно-изобразительных средств.
The article examines the themes and problems of Nurbiy Bagov's poetic works, the epic features of his work related to the 1960s-1980s. The study investigates the foundational elements of his creative expression, analyzing the intricate interplay between Adyghe folklore traditions and Russian classical literary influences. The stages of Bagov's artistic creativity are highlighted: the first – the 1960s; the second – the 1980s and their features. The poetic works of the first stage are devoted to nature, the Motherland, labor, the poet seeks to show the lyrical experiences of the heroes, the epic comprehension of the facts of life. The second stage is the mature period of creativity, the range of topics expands, there are more works with an epic component, new stylistic techniques, the literary genre of the lyric-epic poem is formed in his work. Special attention is paid to the issues of the poet's skill in the works of the 1970s-1980s, the analysis of expressive and imaginative means.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ЖАНРА РОМАНА В АДЫГЕЙСКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ КОНЦА ХХ ВЕКА (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ РОМАНА А. ЕВТЫХА «БЫЧЬЯ КРОВЬ»)
Authors: Ахметова Д.А. 
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются жанрово-стилевые преобразования романа, выявленные в современной адыгейской литературе. Проводится обзор теоретических работ адыгских исследователей, посвященных изучению ведущих черт жанра романа, разработке терминологического аппарата для анализа современных литературных явлений. Проводится обзор прецедентных текстов современной адыгейской литературы конца XX века, в результате которого выявляется синтез мифологического и литературного типов художественного сознания, закономерно обусловивший структурно-стилевые трансформации романного жанра. На материале романа А. Евтыха «Бычья кровь» (1993) рассмотрены новаторские черты адыгейской романной прозы конца XX века, выразившиеся в усилении ее философского наполнения.
The article examines the genre and stylistic transformations of the novel in modern Adyghe literature. A review of the theoretical works of Adyghe researchers is conducted, focusing on the examination of fundamental characteristics of the novel genre and the development of terminological apparatus for analyzing modern literary phenomena. The study aims to give an overview of the precedent texts of modern Adyghe literature of the late 20th century, which demonstrates the synthesis of mythological and literary types of artistic consciousness, naturally leading to the structural and stylistic transformations of the novel genre. Based on the novel "Bull's Blood" (1993) by A. Evtykh, the study examines innovative features of the Adyghe novel prose of the late 20th century, expressed in the strengthening of its philosophical content.
Key Technologies to 50% Brake Thermal Efficiency for Gasoline Engine of Passenger Car
Authors: Miao Xinke , Xu Bingxin , Deng Jun , Li Liguang 
Published: January 2025

Review
Key Technologies to 50% Brake Thermal Efficiency for Gasoline Engine of Passenger Car

Xinke Miao, Bingxin Xu, Jun Deng, and Liguang Li *

School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
* Correspondence: liguang@tongji.edu.cn

Received: 13 August 2024; Revised: 6 December 2024; Accepted: 17 December 2024; Published: 20 January 2025

Abstract: As fuel consumption and emissions regulations become increasingly stringent, various advanced strategies have been proposed to achieve higher efficiency in internal combustion engines. This paper reviews the advancements in thermal efficiency of gasoline engines and analyzes the key technological methods to achieve over 50% brake thermal efficiency (BTE). The technological routes proposed for high-efficiency gasoline engine are primarily focused on high compression ratios and lean combustion combined with novel combustion technologies. Supporting technologies mainly include Atkinson/Miller cycles, intake boosting, exhaust gas re-circulation (EGR), water injection, thermal barrier coatings, friction reduction, structural optimization, and combustion diagnostics and control.
The Coins of the Irish Free State, 1928: are animals good to think with?
Authors: Gannon Anna 
Published: January 2025

We have no surviving information regarding the people or the considerations behind the process of choosing the iconography of ancient coinage. We can only speculate regarding the political and commercial drivers at stake in the case of the Anglo-Saxons, designing their own coinage ex novo in the 7th century, so that it would successfully fit amongst those of continental partners. In contrast, the genesis of the 1928 Irish Free State coins was minutely documented in all its stages, from the aspirations behind this first new and independent coinage, to the managing and directing of the stages in the process, to the officials and artists involved. The designs on the eight Irish denominations were to be completely fresh and coherently tied by a unified theme: what was chosen was a series of animals illustrating the «natural products of Ireland, its sports and industries». In addition, we can follow their reception thanks to the debates and various controversies around their political, historical and cultural background as reported in the press at the time. Although the Irish case-study is far removed from the Anglo-Saxon scene, the jostling of ideas, aspirations and egos in decision-making may not have been too dissimilar, and is cause for reflection. It is an interesting coincidence that the true independent coinage of the fully ‘modern’ and mercantile Anglo-Saxon England, the so-called sceattas of the early 8th century, should also have adopted animals for their rich iconography. As Levi-Strauss argued, animals can embody an endless variety of messages and ideas, as can be seen from the new official coins of King Charles III, featuring endangered flora and fauna of the British Isles, which testify to his interest in conservation.
Knowledge Generation Through Open Access and Generative Artificial
Intelligence
Authors: Hombana Thamsanqa 
Published: January 2025

The amount of data generated by scientific knowledge is growing exponentially,
much faster than natural intelligence, making it increasingly more challenging for
researchers to manage their data. Reputable Generative AI (GenAI) is seen as a crucial
instrument to help modern researchers facilitate ethical publications and knowledge
production. This study looks at how South African researchers can move the development
of ethical knowledge using artificial intelligence by utilizing open access
methodologies and practices. GenAI has completely changed the scientific research
landscape by providing advanced tools for knowledge generation, data management, and
ethical publishing. In South Africa, researchers are using GenAI more and more to handle
the complexity of modern research data. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate how
functional knowledge can be produced and utilized through AI tools, emphasizing the
advantages of open access to scientific data and its moral ramifications. When ethical
GenAI and Open Access (OA) are incorporated into South African higher education, the
implications for universal access to knowledge are profound. The creation and
distribution of scientific knowledge are significantly impacted by OA since it reduces
the time needed to share research findings and broadens the pool of potential knowledge
recipients (Bernius 2010b). Key Words: Open Access, Ethical Knowledge Creation,
Artificial intelligence-generated Scientific Content, South Africa, Research Ethics,
Open Science, Knowledge Equity
Some immunological parameters levels in COVID-19 patients in Al-Muthanna governorate, Iraq
Authors: AL-Lebawy Noor Sami , Nahab Hedaa M. , Abdulkareem Aws Z. 
Published: January 2025

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to a global pandemic and devastating health crisis. Coronavirus (COVID-19) is associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), and the exaggerated immune response resulting from infection with this disease leads to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Activation may have a contribution to disease severity.A case study was carried out in order to find the association between COVID-19, TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-2. The effect of age, sex, smoking, diabetic and hypertention on the level of the studied cytokines were evaluated. Inaddition, the influnce of COVID-19 severity on TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-2 levels were studied. Blood samples were collected from 50 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients who visited of Al-Hussein Teaching hospital and 50 control people, during the period from (May -November 2021). The ages of the patients ranged from (Twenty two years to seventy six years). The serum samples were used in detection of TNF-α , IL-8 and IL-2 by using ELISA test. Then the collected data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program version 11. The results showed that that the most affected age group was (40-60) years old followed by less than 40 years old and more than 60 years old. The numbers of patients were 29, 11 and 10 respectively. Most of COVID-19 patients were male (56 %:28), while the rest cases were females (44%:22). The mean values of the studied cytokines in COVID-19 patients in both sex and all age groups were more than their counter parters in H.C group. The effect of main risk factors for severe and long COVID-19 include age, sex, smoking, presence of comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension) on variations in the level of studied cytokines of the host were found significantly. Moreover, the effect of COVID-19 severity on the studied cytokines was highly significants. The maximum values of cytokines were obtaind in critical degree followed by severe and moderate severity. It is concluded from the study's results that patients infected with severe SARS-CoV-2 experience increasing proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-2 and interleukin-8 that produce signaling the initial phase of cytokine storm. Thus, further studies should be conducted to use the studied cytokines inhibitors as a treatment for COVID-19 patients.
Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Peer Teaching untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan dan Hasil Belajar Akuntansi Siswa
Authors: Kusumawardhana Ap Massri M , Sahria Yoga , Santosa Budi 
Published: January 2025

This research aims to improve the activeness and learning outcomes of accounting students in grade XI AKL 3 SMK Negeri 1 Kaligondang through the application of the Peer Teaching (Peer Tutor) learning method. The research method used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The results of the study showed an increase in student learning activity from cycle I to cycle II with an average increase of 9.76%. In this regard, student learning outcomes also increased with classical completeness reaching 86.84% in cycle II. The implementation of the Peer Teaching method has proven effective in improving students' activeness and accounting learning outcomes. This method allows students to learn collaboratively and help each other, thereby increasing their participation and understanding of the material. This study provides a positive contribution to the development of learning methods in schools, especially in accounting subjects.
IDENTIFICATION OF STUDENTS' CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING OF TEMPERATURE AND HEAT MATERIAL
Authors: Trisnasari Erine , Oksiana Sarina 
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to determine the conceptual understanding of eleventh-grade students in Science-Three at Senior High School 8 Malang on the topic of temperature and heat. The study used a survey method with a multiple-choice question instrument that had been tested. The data analysis technique used was quantitative descriptive analysis based on the percentage of students' level of understanding. The questions were analyzed by the level of difficulty. The results of the study indicated that students' conceptual understanding score was 45.4%. It can be concluded that eleventh-grade students in Science-Three at Senior High School 8 Malang have a moderate level of understanding of the concepts of temperature and heat. The study revealed that many students had misconceptions about heat capacity and heat equilibrium. This study revealed that many students have misconceptions about heat capacity and heat equilibrium indicating that students do not fully understand this material. The author analyzed students' responses to questions categorized as difficult to determine the extent of their conceptual understanding when answering.
EFFECTS OF DRAINAGE DITCHES ON WATER TABLE LEVEL, SOIL CONDITIONS AND TREE GROWTH OF DEGRADED PEATLAND FORESTS IN WEST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Astiani Dwi , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin , Curran Lisa M. , Mujiman Mujiman , Salim Ruspita 
Published: January 2025

Currently, tropical peatland forests are under considerable pressure because of increasing deforestation and degradation of forests. In Kalimantan, degradation and deforestation of peatland forests are driven primarily by industrial logging, expansion of agricultural activities through primarily conversion of forests to agricultural land and oil palm plantations. By the establishment of intensive drainage, it can induce wildfires in peatland. Unmanaged drainage ditches will alter water table levels within the site adjacent to the drainage including to surrounding peatland forest. Water table assessments were conducted before and after peatland drainage on 2007/2009 and 2012/2015 in Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan. This paper studies the effect of drainage ditches into the peatland water table. Results show the establishment of drainage ditches on this peatland landscape lowered the water table by more than 3 times from ~11.7 cm (SE = 1.5, n = 5) to ~37.3 cm (SE = 2.1 cm, n = 26). The effect on the water table was in drier months of July-August. Lowering the water table level altered worst the soil micro climate, peat temperature and peat water content. The results indicate the land use changes in peatland with the establishment of drainage affects peatland water table currently. In the area of less than 500 m from the drainage, the water level tends to lower toward the drainage feature. Therefore, recovery of peatland forests should be initiated by managing the landscape hydrology (i.e. water table) to restore the ecosystem and to protect the remaining peat swamp forest.
DYNAMIC PROJECTION OF CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS ON TROPICAL TREES' ABOVEGROUND CARBON STORAGE IN WEST PAPUA
Authors: Maulana Sandhi Imam , Wibisono Yohannes 
Published: January 2025

Through photosynthetic activities, tropical forest ecosystems capture and store the most significant carbon emissions in the form of biomass compared with other types of vegetation, and thus play a highly crucial part in dealing with climate change. However, such important role of tropical forest is very fragile from extreme changes in temperature and precipitation, because carbon storage in forest landscape is strongly related to those climate variables. This paper examines the impacts of future climate disturbances on aboveground carbon storage of three tropical tree species, namely Myristica sp., Palaquium sp., and Syzygium sp. through “what if ” scenarios evaluation using Structural Thinking and Experimental Learning Laboratory with Animation (STELLA). Results highlighted that when the dynamic simulation was running with five IPCC’s climate change scenarios (Constant year 2000 concentrations, B1, A1T, A2, and A1F1) for 200 years simulation period, then moderate climate change scenarios occured, such as B1 and A1T, would have already caused significant statistical deviation to all of those tree species. At the worst level of A1F1, the 4°C temperature was coupled with 20% reduction in precipitation. Palaquium sp. showed the highest reduction of aboveground carbon storage with about 17.216% below its normal value. This finding implies the negative climate feedbacks should be considered seriously to ensure the accuracy of long term forest carbon accounting under future climate uncertainty.
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS ON AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM OF COFFEE WITH MARRANGO TREE (Azadirachta excelsa Jack.) IN REJANG LEBONG REGENCY, BENGKULU PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Premono Bambang Tejo , Lestari Sri 
Published: January 2025

Marrango tree (Azadirachta excelsa Jack.) has been introduced as a shade tree for coffee plantations that also produces valuable timber for construction and energy. This paper analyzed the financial aspect of an agroforestry system of marrango tree and coffee plantations, including observations of land management, costs and revenues, financial feasibility and sensitivity analysis. The study was conducted in Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu Province through field observations and interviews. Data was collected through direct observations, household surveys and in-depth interviews of several key actors to deepen the information and verify the collected data. Descriptive quantitative and financial analyses were employed to analyze the data. The results showed that the land management of marrango tree and coffee plant agroforestry in Rejang Lebong Regency was conducted in the traditional way. However, the agroforestry system of coffee plants and marrango tree was financially feasible at the level of 8% discounted rate (NPV = 76,250,582 IDR; BCR = 2.28 and IRR = 22%). This agroforestry system also has good resistance to changes in coffee price, coffee production and marrango tree price. The agroforestry system remained feasible although if coffee production declined by 50%, coffee price decreased up to 40%, and timber production declined up to 50%. The changes in coffee production and price were the most influential factors on the feasibility of the agroforestry system. This agroforestry system is beneficial for the farmers. Hence, the local government should encourage the community to apply this system.
THE POSSIBILITY STUDY OF BRIQUETTING AGRICULTURAL WASTES FOR ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
Authors: Patil Gunjan 
Published: January 2025

Globally energy crisis is known as a new era’s biggest problem. The use of agricultural wastes into the form of briquettes are the best alternative option of renewable energy sources. This paper studies the possibility of utilizing agricultural wastes into briquetting production with high calorific value. Major wastes were sugarcane bagasse, coffee husk, wheat straw, peanut shells, rice husks, paddy straw, corn stalks, sunflower stalk, soybean husk, coir pitch, jute sticks, caster seed shells, mustard stalks, cotton stalks and tobacco wastes for energy in the form of briquettes biomass. Observations were taken from Department of Bioenergy, Tamil Nadu Agriculture University, Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu), India of different raw materials and briquettes of those raw materials. Results show that there were very satisfactory results after evaluation. In general, calorific value briquettes is higher than those of raw materials. Raw materials of agricultural wastes and forest residual wastes ranged from 1,200-3,000 Kcal/Kg and its calorific values are significantly higher in briquettes than raw materials. Raw material of rice husk produces 3,000 Kcal/kg and briquettes of rice husk produces 3200 Kcal/kg. Likewise differences were observed in all types of agricultural wastes. The input and output ratio ware observed as cost-effective and profitable in all parameters for the farmers. Briquetting production is the emerging, ecofriendly, cost effective and profitable technology for the use of agricultural residues. It may help farmers to improve its socio-economic status and proper reuses of agricultural wastes.
Exploring the Role of Leadership in Managing Teacher Performance
Authors: Irwanto Soni , Maria Aletta Dewi 
Published: January 2025

This research aims to explore the role of leadership in managing teacher performance at SMA Negeri 1 Pabelan, Semarang Regency, focusing on how leadership practices impact teacher motivation, effectiveness, and overall performance. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data was collected through semi-structured interviews with teachers, school leaders, and staff, along with document analysis to gain a comprehensive understanding of leadership strategies, communication methods, and professional development programs. The findings highlight that effective leadership practices, such as clear communication, goal-setting, and structured performance evaluations, play a pivotal role in enhancing teacher performance. However, challenges such as communication gaps, limited teacher involvement in decision-making, and external pressures were identified as barriers to optimal performance. This research offers valuable insights into the relationship between leadership and teacher performance, providing original contributions to the field by identifying specific leadership practices that foster improved teacher outcomes. The study underscores the need for tailored professional development programs and inclusive leadership to further enhance teacher motivation and performance.