bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Multivariate Algorithms of Digital Signatures Based on Maps of Unbounded Degree Acting on Secure El Gamal Type Mode
Authors: Ustimenko Vasyl 
Published: February 2023

Multivariate cryptography studies applications of endomorphisms of K[x1 x2, ..., xn] where K is a finite commutative ring given in the standard form xi →f1 (x1, x2,..., xn), i=1, 2,..., n. The importance of this direction for the constructions of multivariate digital signatures systems is well known. Close attention of researchers directed towards studies of perspectives of efficient quadratic unbalanced rainbow oil and vinegar system (RUOV) presented for NIST postquantum certification. Various cryptanalytic studies of these signature systems were completed. During Third Round of NIST standardisation projects ROUV digital signature system were rejected. Recently some options to seriously modify theses algorithms as well as all multivariate signature systems which alow to avoid already known attacks were suggested. One of the modifications is to use protocol of noncommutative multivariate cryptography based on platform of endomorphisms of degree 2 and 3. The secure protocol allows safe transfer of quadratic multivariate map from one correspondent to another. So the quadratic map developed for digital signature scheme can be used in a private mode. This scheme requires periodic usage of the protocol with the change of generators and the modification of quadratic multivariate maps. Other modification suggests combination of multivariate map of unbounded degree of size O(n) and density of each fi of size O(1). The resulting map F in its standard form is given as the public rule. We suggest the usage of the last algorithm on the secure El Gamal mode. It means that correspondents use protocols of Noncommutative Cryptography with two multivariate platforms to elaborate safely a collision endomorphism G: xi → gi of linear unbounded degree such that densities of each gi are of size O(n2). One of correspondents generates mentioned above F and sends F+G to his/her partner.
The security of the protocol and entire digital signature scheme rests on the complexity of NP hard word problem of finding decomposition of given endomorphism G of K[x1,x2,...,xn] into composition of given generators 1G, 2G, ...tG, t>1 of the semigroup of End(K[x1,x2,...,xn]). Differently from the usage of quadratic map on El Gamal mode the case of unbounded degree allows single usage of the protocol because the task to approximate F via interception of hashed messages and corresponding signatures is unfeasible in this case.
Effects of biodynamic preparations 500 and 501 on vine and berry physiology, pedology and the soil microbiome
Authors: Rienth Markus , Lamy Frederic , Chessex Clément , Thierry Heger 
Published: February 2023

In the pursuit of increasing sustainability, climate change resiliency and independence of synthetic pesticides in agriculture, the interest of consumers and producers in organic and biodynamic farming has been steadily increasing in recent decennia. This is, in particular, the case for the vitivinicultural industry in Europe, where more and more producers are converting from organic to biodynamic farming. However, clear scientific evidence showing that biodynamic farming improves vine physiology, vine stress resilience, soil quality related parameters and berry or wine quality is still lacking, despite the growing number of research studies on this issue. To investigate whether biodynamic farming methods have an impact on vine physiology, berry quality and the environment, a five-year experiment was set up in 2016 in a commercial vineyard in Switzerland. In this trial, the two main biodynamic preparations 500 and 501 were applied and compared to an organic control. Vine and berry physiology (net photosynthesis, vigour, sugar, organic acids, berry weight, yield) were assessed from 2016 to 2020. Soil physical properties (soil bulk density, water holding capacity, soil structural stability, macropore volume) were analysed from 2017-2020, and, soil fungal communities were analysed by DNA-sequencing in the last year of the experiment (2020). None of the parameters related to vine and berry physiology showed significant differences throughout the duration of the experiments, except photosynthesis, which was higher when biodynamic preparations were applied at one time point. Similarly, the soil’s physical properties were not influenced by the application of the two biodynamic preparations in all years. Regarding the soil microbiome, the preparations 500 and 501 neither led to significant differences in fungal diversity nor seemed to impact the soil fungal communities. The present study confirms previous findings of different research teams that did not observe significant differences between organic and biodynamic farming methods in terms of observed soil and vine parameters.
Full-length αIIbβ3 CryoEM structure reveals intact integrin initiate-activation intrinsic architecture
Authors: Wang Zhao , Huo Tong , Wu Hongjiang , Moussa Zeinab , Sen Mehmet , Dalton Valerie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Integrin αIIbβ3 is the key receptor regulating platelet retraction and accumulation, thus pivotal for hemostasis, and arterial thrombosis as well as a proven drug-target for antithrombotic therapies. Here we resolve the cryoEM structures of the intact full-length αIIbβ3, which covers three distinct states along the activation pathway. Here, we resolve intact αIIbβ3 structure at 3Å resolution, revealing the overall topology of the heterodimer with the transmembrane (TM) helices and the head region ligand-binding domain tucked in a specific angle proximity to the TM region. In response to the addition of an Mn2+ agonist, we resolved two coexisting states, “intermediate” and “pre-active”. Our structures show conformational changes of the intact αIIbβ3 activating trajectory, as well as a unique twisting of the lower integrin legs representing intermediate state (TM region at a twisting conformation) integrin and a coexisting pre-active state (bent and opening in leg), which is required for inducing the transitioning platelets to accumulate. Our structure provides for the first time direct structural evidence for the lower legs’ involvement in full-length integrin activation mechanisms. Additionally, our structure offers a new strategy to target the αIIbβ3 lower leg allosterically instead of modulating the affinity of the αIIbβ3 head region.
Diaporthe cotoneastri and Ilyonectria cyclaminicola Endophytes Promote the Growth, Development, and Accumulation of Active Components of Epimedium Host Plants
Authors: Chen Jiawen , Liu Hanning , Hu Xing , Zhuang Xin , Guo Junjie , Xiao Jinglei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Epimedium plants offer a source of medicinal ingredients. To promote research and development of Epimedium in Korea, we explored the effects of endophytes on host plant growth and development and the accumulation of active components. The effects of the endophytes Diaporthe cotoneastri (strain S3) and Ilyonectria cyclaminicola (strain S10) on the biomass, photosynthesis parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and activity of key enzymes and active components during the growth and development of Epimedium were investigated. Both the S3 and S10 strains promoted the growth of Epimedium grown in the natural environment in a field experiment in Korea. Redundancy analysis showed that the content of epimedin A and peroxidase activity were positively correlated with the total flavonoid content. The S10 strain promoted the growth of Epimedium faster than the S3 strain. The results suggested that flavanone 3-hydroxylase catalyzes the synthesis of epimedin A and icariin by different pathways from the same substrate, although the mechanism remains unclear. Overall, these findings suggest that peroxidase plays a key role in total flavonoids synthesis in Korean Epimedium. These results can support the use of these endophyte strains as biological fertilizers to improve the growth and active components production of Epimedium. Keywords: F3H; endophyte; Korean Epimedium; total flavonoids; epimedin A; icariin
Taste matters: Mapping expectancy-based appetitive placebo effects onto the brain
Authors: Khalid Iraj , Rodrigues Belina , Dreyfus Hippolyte , Frileux Solene , Meissner Karin , Fossati Philippe , Hare Todd , Schmidt Liane 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Expectancies, which are higher order prognostic beliefs, can have powerful effects on experiences, behavior and brain. However, it is unknown where, how, and when, in the brain, prognostic beliefs influence appetitive interoceptive experiences and related economic behavior. This study combined a placebo intervention on hunger with computational modelling and functional magnetic resonance imaging of value-based decision-making. The results show that prognostic beliefs about hunger shape hunger experiences, how much participants value food and food-value encoding in the prefrontal cortex. Computational modelling further revealed that these placebo effects were underpinned by how much and when during the decision process taste and health information are integrated into the accumulation of evidence toward a food choice. The drift weights of both sources of information further moderated ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex interactions during choice formation. These findings provide novel insights into the neurocognitive mechanisms that translate higher order prognostic beliefs into non-aversive interoceptive sensitivity and shape decision-making.
Spontaneous rupture of the lower uterine segment and posterior vaginal fornix during labor in term pregnant women caused by cervical fibroids: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Wang Yin , Liu Dehong , Wu Xiumei , Zheng Chenmin , Chen Xianxia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Uterine rupture during labor is a rare but serious complication that often leads to severe maternal and perinatal complications and even maternal death and stillbirth.
Case introduction
The patient was a 40-year-old multiparous woman at 40 weeks’ gestation with a singleton pregnancy. The obstetric examination showed that the cervical tube was 2cm long and hard. Eleven hours after admission, the patient felt abdominal pain suddenly aggravated and had bright red vaginal bleeding. The obstetric examination showed that the cervical opening was not opened, there was a rupture of about 4 cm in diameter at the posterior fornix of the vagina, and the amniotic sac and the fetal head were palpable. Therefore, we immediately performed an emergency cesarean section under general anesthesia. We found no blood or effusion in the abdominal cavity, and the retrovesical peritoneum and rectovaginal peritoneum were complete. We opened the uterus and took out a girl with an Apgar score of 9–10 and a weight of 3970 grams. We placed the patient in the lithotomy position and found a transverse fracture with a length of about 4 cm in the posterior fornix of the vagina. We explored the fracture to the uterine cavity and found a vertical crack with a length of 3 cm in the lower segment of the posterior wall of the uterus. We use 1 − 0 absorbable sutures to continuously sew up the crack. One year and seven months after the operation, a color Doppler ultrasound showed a myoma with a diameter of about 3 cm in the cervix. At three years and seven months postoperatively, the cervical fibroid had enlarged to 4 cm. The gynecologist administered a transvaginal cervical myomectomy to the patient. Postoperative pathology revealed a cervical leiomyoma.
Conclusions
This case report suggests that rupture of the uterine and vaginal fornix may occur even in women who have given birth, necessitating termination of pregnancy by cesarean section when the cervical texture is firm and fails to expand during labor. We need to closely follow up with those patients with uterine rupture.
Production of biostable drinking water using a lab-scale biological trickling filter enriched with hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria
Authors: Boon Nico , Favere Jorien , Waegenaar Fien , Jia Mingsheng , Folens Karel , Verhoeven Milan , Balliu Elien , Rajkovic Andreja , De Gusseme Bart 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Safeguarding the drinking water quality remains a challenge from the production site to the tap. Alternatively to chemical disinfection, biostable drinking water could serve as a more sustainable approach to produce microbially safe drinking water and to maintain the microbial quality in the drinking water distribution system (DWDS). In this study, the potential of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria (HOB) for the production of biostable drinking water was examined in a continuous trickling filter supplied with hydrogen gas. A biofilm was naturally enriched for 5 months and the bacterial regrowth, invasion potential, and nutrient composition of the water were determined. Treatment improved the biostability significantly, and it is hypothesized that nutrient limitation, especially phosphorous, was a driving force. As a result, the regrowth and invasion potential were lowered, as shown with specific biostability bioassays. Overall, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of HOB for producing biostable drinking water through nutrient limitation.
A Comparative Analysis of Four Commonly Implemented Declustering Algorithms
Authors: Perry Mason , Bendick Rebecca 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Declustering of earthquake catalogs, that is determining dependent and independent events in an earthquake sequence, is a common feature of many seismological studies. While many different declustering algorithms exist, each has different performance and sensitivity characteristics. Here, we conduct a comparative analysis of the four most commonly used declustering algorithms: Garnder and Knopoff (1975), Reasenberg (1985), Zhuang et al. (2002), and Zaliapin and Ben-Zion (2008) in four different tectonic settings. Overall, we find that the Zaliapin and Ben-Zion (2008) algorithm effectively removes aftershock sequences, while simultaneously retaining the most information (i.e. the most events) in the output catalog and not significantly modifying statistical characteristics (i.e. the Gutenberg Richter b-value). Both Gardner and Knopoff (1975) and Zhuang et al. (2002) also effectively remove aftershock sequences, though they remove significantly more events than the other algorithms. By contrast, Reasenberg (1985) only effectively removed aftershocks in one of the test regions.
Immediate and Sustained Effects on the Control of Myoelectric Prostheses by Action Observation Using Virtual Reality with Myoelectric Feedback
Authors: Yoshimura Manabu , Kurumadani Hiroshi , Ito Tomotaka , Hosokawa Takayuki , Hirata Junya , Senoo Katsutoshi , Kinoshita Seiji , Date Shota , Hanayama Kozo , Sunagawa Toru 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Conventional myoelectric prosthesis (myo-prosthesis) training involves repetitive grasping and manipulation training, which requires considerable training time. It is necessary to develop a short and efficient myo-prosthesis training. The purpose of this study was to verify the immediate and sustained effects of action observation (AO) using virtual reality (VR) on myo-prosthesis control and clarify the effect of visual feedback of electromyogram (EMG) signals during AO using VR.
Methods
We evaluated 24 healthy right-handed individuals wearing a myo-prosthesis simulator in their dominant hands. We divided participants into three groups: VR video observation with EMG presentation during manipulation (VR+), VR video observation without EMG presentation (VR), and control group. We evaluated prosthetic control skills using the Gripping force adjustment test (GFAT) and Bowknot task immediately before and after AO and one week later. Additionally, we evaluated level of immersion, motivation, and enjoyment during AO.
Results
The rate of change in the GFAT one week after the intervention was significantly greater in the VR+ (p < 0.05, d = 1.32) and VR (p < 0.01, d = 2.34) than the control group. Immersion, motivation, and enjoyment were significantly higher in the VR + and VR than the control group. There was a significant main effect of the condition and time required for GFAT, although the post-hoc test showed no significant difference between VR + and VR groups.
Conclusions
AO using VR had a sustained effect on motor learning of myo-prosthetic control, despite EMG presentation. Therefore, AO using VR may maintain the ability to manipulate prosthesis once learned and might be used for future training of myo-prosthetic control.
Atorvastatin for Reduction of 28-day Mortality in Sever and Critical COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Eltahan Naglaa Hamdi , Elsawy Neamat Hamdy , Abdelaaty Kholoud M. , Elhamaky Amal Salah , Hassan Ahmed H. , Emara Moataz Maher 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is an abnormal host response to the SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is associated with endothelial dysfunction and multi-organ failure. Atorvastatin has been proposed to reduce COVID-19 severity and mortality.
Methods: This randomized double-blind trial included 220 COVID-19 patients admitted to Mansoura University's isolation hospital in Egypt. One hundred and ten cases were given 40 mg of atorvastatin once daily for 28 days (group A), while 110 received a placebo (group B). All patients received treatment as per hospital protocol.
The primary outcome is all-cause mortality at 28 days. We also tracked six-month mortality, time to clinical improvement, the risk of invasive mechanical ventilation, acute kidney injury, potential adverse events, and hospital and intensive care length of stay.
Results: The 28-day all-cause mortality was 52/104 (50%) in group A vs. 54/103 (52.4%) in group B, odds ratio (OR) = 0.907 (0.526, 1.565), P = 0.727; adjusted OR = 0.773 (0.407, 1.47), P = 0.433. Six-month mortality occurred in 53/102 (52%) and 59/79 (60.8%) in group A vs. B, respectively, P = 0.208. Among hospital survivors in group A vs. group B, the median time to clinical improvement was 10 days (7–14) vs. 10 (7–15), P = 0.715; the duration of hospital stay was 10 days (7–14) vs. 10 (8–17), P = 0.378. Discontinuation was higher in group B (four vs. one), P = 0.369.
Conclusions: In adults with severe or critical COVID-19, atorvastatin did not reduce the risk of 28-day or six-month mortality and did not improve other clinical outcomes.
Trial registration: Clinical Trial Registry (NCT04952350) on July 1st, 2021. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04952350
WITHDRAWN: About aspect ratio effect on heat transfer by turbulent wall jet flow through a top-opened backward facing step configuration
Authors: Ouldrebai Hakim , Bouda Nora Nait , Harmand Souad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The present work analyzes a fully turbulent wall jet flow cooling a heated wall downstream a backward facing step. The experiment combines dynamic and thermal measurements in order to study the detailed of such flow. The test matrix involves several aspect ratios (AR), varying from 2.61 to 11.33, obtained by changing the step height as well as different turbulent Reynolds (Re) numbers up to 22700. Data are collected using a hot wire anemometer and an infrared thermal camera. The results show that the position of maximum heat transfer xmax becomes farther as the AR gets smaller, but is independent of Reynolds numbers for the considered range. The Reynolds number effect on maximum Nusselt number (Numax) is also presented. The side walls effect on heat transfer downstream the backward facing step is found to become more significant as much as the aspect ratio is smaller. Correlations relating heat transfer parameters to Re and/or AR are also presented.
Fear of Failure among Indigent Adolescents.
Authors: Joy Anmol , Jain Vandana 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fear of failure is a motive to avoid failure in most evaluative situations based on anticipatory shame upon failure of the person in concern. This study aims at finding the gender difference in fear of failure among indigent adolescents of Kalina, Mumbai. For this, the sample size of 87 indigent adolescents was taken among which 54 were females and 33 were males. Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI) by David E. Conray, Ph.D. was used and has high reliability. Exploratory research design was used for the study. This study gives further scope for parents, counselors, educational sectors and social workers to give needful opportunities to the males and females living in slum areas to acknowledge their levels Fear of Failure with a foresight of reducing it. The research data obtained from the adolescents of Kalina mumbai, were the residents of the nearest slum area called Dharavi, which is Asia’s largest slum area which indeed helps the research to generalize the data obtained.
Comparative study on tetraploid induction of the Fujian oyster Crassostrea angulata utilizing three typical methods
Authors: Liang Yuanxin , Cheng Geng , Bai Xianchao , Zhou Jianmin , Zhang Haining , Chi Yong , Jiang Gaowei , Xu Chengxun , Li Qi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The sterility advantages of triploids make them paramount for oyster aquaculture. Current hatcheries for triploid industrial breeding utilize tetraploids as male parents, and thus tetraploids are a core asset for triploid oyster culture. The oyster Crassostrea angulata is the most productive oyster species in China, however, the optimal conditions for tetraploid induction have never been examined. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of three induction methods (Method Ⅰ, 2n ♀ × 2n ♂ + inducer abbreviated as DD + ind; Method Ⅱ, 3n ♀ × 2n ♂ + inducer abbreviated as TrD + ind; Method Ⅲ, 2n ♀ × 4n ♂ + inducer abbreviated as DT + ind) and three inducers (salinity; cytochalasin B, CB; and 6-dimethylaminopurine, 6-DMAP) for tetraploid induction in C. angulata. The optimal induction conditions for the three induction methods were a CB concentration of 0.5 mg/L treated for 20 min, 0.75 mg/L CB for a constant induction treatment of 20 min and 6-DMAP at a concentration of 100 mg/L for 20 min, respectively. When the optimal induction conditions were applied to a single pair of oysters, the D-larval tetraploid rate for the three methods were 18.93%, 58.32% and 51.61%, respectively. The survival rates of the experimental groups were only 10.36%, 28.07% and 21.99%, respectively, at day 30. The tetraploid rates for Method Ⅰ and Method Ⅲ, although decreased significantly over time, still reached 11.81% and 21.99% at 30 days, and 8% and 16% at 180 days of age, respectively. Tetraploid rates for Method Ⅱ were 58.32% − 71.28% at the larval stage and 80% at day 180. In summary, in spite of very different induction rates, viable tetraploid C. angulata can be harvested in all three methods. Method Ⅱ (TrD + inducer) was regarded as the optimal method to induce C. angulata tetraploids, and the optimal induction condition was a CB concentration of 0.75 mg/L and treated for 20 min under this method.
Analytical Investigation of the Boundary Value Problems for the Generalized Conformable Fractional Diffusion Equations in One Dimension
Authors: Doma S. B. , Gohar A. A. , Younes M. S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, we extend the scope of a recently proposed conformable fractional derivative known as the "generalized fractional derivative" (GFD) to include the one-dimensional fractional linear diffusion equations (heat and wave equations). Their corresponding boundary value problems are solved analytically by means of the separation of variables and Fourier analysis. The obtained solutions are represented graphically to investigate their behavior and accuracy.