bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of absolute lymphocyte count in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Shah Rema , Liu Christina , Shah Hemali P. , Judson Benjamin L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjective(s)Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) has been shown to be a prognostic indicator in other solid tumors. Given this, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of ALC in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsUsing our institutional tumor registry data, we identified patients ≥18 years old who were diagnosed with OSCC between 2012 and 2018. Preoperative ALC values within 30 days of surgery were collected through retrospective chart review. American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th‐edition best stage was used to categorize cancers as early stage (stages 1 and 2) or late‐stage (stages 3 and 4). Primary outcomes were likelihood of recurrence and survival rates after 3 years.ResultsOf the 412 patients identified, 262 patients had available ALC data and met inclusion criteria. Early stage cancer patients who had lymphopenia did not have any significant difference in their rate of death ([OR], 1.71, CI: 0.54–5.45, p = .36) or likelihood recurrence ([OR], 0.60, CI: 0.06–5.87, p = .66) after controlling for age, tobacco use, alcohol use, positive margins, and adjuvant therapy. Late‐stage cancer patients who had lymphopenia also showed no difference in their rate of death ([OR], 2.74, CI: 0.65–11.6, p = .17) or likelihood of recurrence ([OR], 0.38, CI: 0.04–3.36, p = .38).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study evaluates the prognostic value of ALC in oral cavity cancers. Our findings demonstrate that pretreatment ALC is not significantly associated with recurrence and survival outcomes patients with OSCC.Level of EvidenceIIILay SummaryAbsolute lymphocyte count (ALC) has been associated with prognosis in several cancers. We found that preoperative ALC was not associated with likelihood of survival or recurrence in patients with early stage or late‐stage oral cavity cancer.
Molecular Architecture of Multiblock Copolymers Synthesized by the Chain Shuttling Technology
Authors: Urciuoli Gaia , Ruiz de Ballesteros Odda , Auriemma Finizia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecent advances in the characterization of ethylene/1‐octene‐based statistical multiblock copolymers (MBCs) synthesized via chain shuttling copolymerization are illustrated. The Perspective focuses on the peculiarity of MBC systems that consists in the nonuniform chain architecture of these intriguing systems due to compositional heterogeneity occurring at inter‐ and intra‐chain level. In the first part, the effect of dispersity on the phase behavior and properties of MBCs and block copolymers in general is discussed along with the consequences of crystallization of one of the blocks on microphase separation, domain spacing, and morphology. In the second part, the main results achieved in the elucidation of details of the chain microstructure in terms of average length of the blocks and block length distribution are presented. It is shown that solvent and thermal fractionation techniques, coupled with other techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) represent powerful tools to elucidate the inter‐ and intra‐chain heterogeneous composition of the MBCs. Guidelines on how to establish structure/properties relationships for such polydisperse systems are also provided.
The Emergence and Progression of Motor Dysfunction in Individuals at Risk of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Simonet Cristina , Mahlknecht Philipp , Marini Kathrin , Seppi Klaus , Gill Aneet , Bestwick Jonathan P. , Lees Andrew J. , Giovannoni Gavin , Schrag Anette , Noyce Alastair J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPREDICT‐PD is a United Kingdom population‐based study aiming to stratify individuals for future Parkinson's disease (PD) using a risk algorithm.MethodsA randomly selected, representative sample of participants in PREDICT‐PD were examined using several motor assessments, including the motor section of the Movement Disorder Society‐Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS)‐III, at baseline (2012) and after an average of 6 years of follow‐up. We checked for new PD diagnoses in participants seen at baseline and examined the association between risk scores and incident sub‐threshold parkinsonism, motor decline (increasing ≥5 points in MDS‐UPDRS‐III) and single motor domains in the MDS‐UPDRS‐III. We replicated analyses in two independent datasets (Bruneck and Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative [PPMI]).ResultsAfter 6 years of follow‐up, the PREDICT‐PD higher‐risk group (n = 33) had a greater motor decline compared with the lower‐risk group (n = 95) (30% vs. 12.5%, P = 0.031). Two participants (both considered higher risk at baseline) were given a diagnosis of PD during follow‐up, with motor signs emerging between 2 and 5 years before diagnosis. A meta‐analysis of data from PREDICT‐PD, Bruneck, and PPMI showed an association between PD risk estimates and incident sub‐threshold parkinsonism (odds ratio [OR], 2.01 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.55–2.61]), as well as new onset bradykinesia (OR, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.33–2.16]) and action tremor (OR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.30–1.98]).ConclusionsRisk estimates using the PREDICT‐PD algorithm were associated with the occurrence of sub‐threshold parkinsonism, including bradykinesia and action tremor. The algorithm could also identify individuals whose motor examination experience a decline over time. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Miniaturized metallic symmetrical resonator backed CPW inspired dual band filter using Meander line for 5G mm‐wave applications
Authors: Coumar S. Oudaya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn ultra‐miniaturized symmetrical resonator backed coplanar waveguide based dual band pass filter using Meander line for 5G mm‐wave applications is presented. Meander line CPW structure with ultra miniaturized size was designed, investigated and its equivalent circuit was extracted using theoretical and experimental results to explore basic RF characteristics. The resonator at the back side of the substrate is symmetrical in both horizontal and vertical plane. This resonator is electrically coupled with the Meander line structure in the conducting plane. Symmetrical resonator structure coupled with open stubs on both sides on ground plane and Meander line structure with uniform spacing implemented at the conducting layer constitutes the metallic backed Co‐Planar waveguide based dual band filter. By using Meander line, the overall size of the communication devices has been reduced in large scale. The combination of symmetrical resonator and Meander line structure produces the overall bandwidth from (1 to 30) GHz. 5G mm‐wave filter operates in two bands; Band I operates from (1 to 14.2) GHz with insertion loss −1.8 dB and return loss −34 dB with fractional bandwidth of 73.6%; Band II operates from (16.2 to 30) GHz with insertion loss −1.2 dB, return loss −30 dB and fractional bandwidth of 59.7%. The overall filter circuit geometry is (5 × 5 × 1.6) mm and in terms of wavelength: (0.52 × 0.52) λg.
Submillimeter lung MRI at 0.55 T using balanced steady‐state free precession with half‐radial dual‐echo readout (bSTAR)
Authors: Bauman Grzegorz , Lee Nam G. , Tian Ye , Bieri Oliver , Nayak Krishna S. 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo demonstrate the feasibility of high‐resolution morphologic lung MRI at 0.55 T using a free‐breathing balanced steady‐state free precession half‐radial dual‐echo imaging technique (bSTAR).MethodsSelf‐gated free‐breathing bSTAR (TE1/TE2/TR of 0.13/1.93/2.14 ms) lung imaging in five healthy volunteers and a patient with granulomatous lung disease was performed using a 0.55 T MR‐scanner. A wobbling Archimedean spiral pole (WASP) trajectory was used to ensure a homogenous coverage of k‐space over multiple breathing cycles. WASP uses short‐duration interleaves randomly tilted by a small polar angle and rotated by a golden angle about the polar axis. Data were acquired continuously over 12:50 min. Respiratory‐resolved images were reconstructed off‐line using compressed sensing and retrospective self‐gating. Reconstructions were performed with a nominal resolution of 0.9 mm and a reduced isotropic resolution of 1.75 mm corresponding to shorter simulated scan times of 8:34 and 4:17 min, respectively. Analysis of apparent SNR was performed in all volunteers and reconstruction settings.ResultsThe technique provided artifact‐free morphologic lung images in all subjects. The short TR of bSTAR in conjunction with a field strength of 0.55 T resulted in a complete mitigation of off‐resonance artifacts in the chest. Mean SNR values in healthy lung parenchyma for the 12:50 min scan were 3.6 ± 0.8 and 24.9 ± 6.2 for 0.9 mm and 1.75 mm reconstructions, respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the feasibility of morphologic lung MRI with a submillimeter isotropic spatial resolution in human subjects with bSTAR at 0.55 T.
Return‐to‐work self‐efficacy questionnaire: Cross‐cultural adaptation and validation in China
Authors: Wang Ting , Jin Mu , Zhu Ruiqi , Zheng Li , Wang Danni , Zhao Xin , Zhao Xueping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo develop a Chinese version of the return‐to‐work self‐efficacy (RTW‐SE‐11) and verify its reliability and validity.DesignA validation study.MethodsThe RTW‐SE‐11 was translated into Chinese according to the Brislin's model, and then the semantic adjustment of questionnaire was carried out through multi‐field expert evaluation and preliminary investigation.ResultsAll 11 items of the original questionnaire were retained. Content validity index (CVI) of the Chinese version of RTW‐SE‐11 indicated good validity, with Inter‐rater Agreement (IR) of 0.97, item CVI of 0.90–1.00 and questionnaire CVI of 0.91. Cronbach's α coefficient of RTW‐SE‐11 (Chinese version) was 0.923, suggesting high internal consistency, with test–retest reliability of 0.799 and half‐fold reliability of 0.926.Patient or public contribution: The Chinese version of the RTW‐SE‐11 questionnaire confirmed good reliability and validity for the assessment of return to work self‐efficacy in Chinese breast cancer patients.
Understanding local knowledge and attitudes toward potential reintroduction of a former British wetland bird
Authors: Alif Živa , Crees Jennifer J. , White Rachel L. , Quinlan M. Megan , Kennerley Rosalind J. , Dando Thomas R. , Turvey Samuel T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStakeholder acceptance and support is essential for long‐term success in species reintroductions, and assessing social feasibility of reintroductions within human‐occupied landscapes is an integral component of effective decision‐making.The Dalmatian pelicanPelecanus crispusis an extirpated British bird, and possible pelican reintroduction to British wetlands is under discussion. Any reintroduction planning must first assess local community awareness, attitudes, and acceptance of potential pelican arrival and associated habitat management, as part of wider socio‐ecological feasibility assessment. Pelicans are distinctive species with potential to increase support for wetland conservation, but might provoke conflict through real or perceived competition with landscape users such as fishers; such conflict is already seen within Britain between fishers and cormorants.We conducted an online survey of 590 respondents in the Somerset Levels and East Anglian Fens, Britain's largest wetland landscapes, to understand local views on pelican reintroduction, other reintroductions and wetland restoration, and to investigate correlates of varying attitudes toward coexistence with pelicans and five other waterbirds (grey heron, Eurasian bittern, little egret, common crane, great cormorant).Respondents had generally positive views about previous reintroductions of other species, and had overall positive attitudes toward all six waterbirds. Two‐thirds of respondents supported or strongly supported pelican reintroduction, but both benefits and concerns were identified in relation to its possible reintroduction. Anglers and hunters were more likely to hold negative attitudes toward pelicans, other waterbirds and wetland restoration. However, although anglers raised more concerns, they were not more likely to be unsupportive toward reintroduction. More socio‐demographic predictors were associated with negative attitudes toward restoration required to establish pelican habitat, suggesting that positive feelings toward biodiversity are outweighed by concerns around potential exclusion from local landscapes.Our findings suggest pelican reintroduction might be supported by local stakeholders. Attitudes toward cormorants do not represent a blueprint for attitudes toward pelicans, and anglers may support reintroduction if concerns around impacts to fish stocks are addressed. Community engagement for species‐specific and landscape‐scale actions require separate approaches, with landscape management planning needing to target a wider range of stakeholder groups with separate concerns to those about coexistence with pelicans.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
A biodegradable cellulose fibrous membrane comprising cellulose microfibers and nanofibrils with enhanced interaction through crosslinking structure
Authors: Fan Xiaonan , Xiong Zhenjun , Li Jian , Lin Jinyou , Li Xiuhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe petroleum‐based materials are widely used in daily life, which are inherently tough to degrade, increasingly polluting the environment and affecting human health. Cellulose fibrous membrane, the ubiquitous, low‐cost, and biodegradable material, can serve as a promising substitute. Herein, the biodegradable cellulose fibrous membranes were constructed with cellulose microfibers made from wood particle fibers (WPF) and the mechanical properties were enhanced by introducing the crosslinking system. The cellulose fibrous membrane made of the original WPF showed low tensile strength (0.1 KPa) and elastic modulus (1 MPa). By adding 10 wt% cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), the prepared cellulose fibrous membrane exhibited an increase in tensile strength (0.525 MPa) and elastic modulus (535 MPa), respectively. To further improve the mechanical properties, the sodium alginate (SA) and Ca2+ were introduced to crosslink with the CNFs and promote the interaction among SA, CNFs and microfibers, which resulted in a substantial increase in tensile strength (5.62 MPa) and elastic modulus (1660 MPa) due to the formation of the interpenetrating entanglements and anchors. The normalized fracture energy of crosslinked hybrid cellulose fibrous membrane was 100.38 times higher than that of the original WPF membrane and 16 times higher than that of the un‐crosslinked cellulose membrane comprising CNFs. This strategy can serve as the foundation for preparing a mechanically enhanced cellulose fibrous membrane via crosslinking, making it possible to replace petroleum‐based plastics.
Subclassification of epithelioid sarcoma with potential therapeutic impact
Authors: Haefliger Simon , Chervova Olga , Davies Christopher , Nottley Steven , Hargreaves Steven , Sumathi Vaiyapuri P , Amary Fernanda , Tirabosco Roberto , Pillay Nischalan , Beck Stephan , Flanagan Adrienne M , Lyskjær Iben 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEpithelioid sarcoma is a rare and aggressive mesenchymal tumour, the genetic hallmark of which is the loss of expression of SMARCB1, a key member of the SWItch/Sucrose Non‐Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodelling complex. Hampered by its rarity, epithelioid sarcoma has received little research attention and therapeutic options for this disease remain limited. SMARCB1‐deficient tumours also include malignant rhabdoid tumour, atypical teratoid and rhabdoid tumour, epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, and poorly differentiated chordoma. Histologically, it can be challenging to distinguish epithelioid sarcoma from malignant rhabdoid tumour and other SMARCB1‐deficient tumours, whereas methylation profiling shows that they represent distinct entities and facilitates their classification. Methylation studies on SMARCB1‐deficient tumours, although not including epithelioid sarcomas, reported methylation subgroups which resulted in new clinical stratification and therapeutic approaches. In addition, emerging evidence indicates that immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, represents a promising therapeutic strategy for SMARCB1‐deficient tumours. Here, we show that some epithelioid sarcomas share methylation patterns of malignant rhabdoid tumours indicating that this could help to distinguish these entities and guide treatment. Using gene expression data, we also showed that the immune environment of epithelioid sarcoma is characterised by a predominance of CD8+ lymphocytes and M2 macrophages. These findings have potential implications for the management of patients with epithelioid sarcoma. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Effects of nonlinear hyper‐viscoelasticity and matrix/fiber debonding on the mechanical properties of short carbon fiber/styrene‐butadiene rubber composites under cyclic uniaxial loading using a multiscale finite element model
Authors: Andideh Mohammad , Ghoreishy Mir Hamid Reza , Soltani Sedigheh , Abbassi‐Sourki Foroud , Mansourian‐Tabaei Mohammad , Nouranian Sasan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA multiscale finite element analysis was performed for short carbon fiber (SCF) reinforced rubber composites under uniaxial tensile loading with periodic geometries and random distributions of the short fibers. Three different zones were considered, including the rubber matrix, SCF as the inclusion phase, and a thin matrix layer as the interphase. A nonlinear hyper‐viscoelastic model was selected for the matrix, while linear viscoelastic and elastic models were considered for the interphase and reinforcing phases, respectively. The analyses were carried out on an incremental basis from a lower loading‐unloading rate of 10 mm/min to a higher rate of 100 mm/min. Two interface conditions were considered between the polymer matrix and the SCF phases: perfect bonding and partial debonding. The partial debonding was modeled via extended FEM (XFEM) with a crack initiation criterion. An integral averaging technique was employed to predict stress and strain at the macro‐scale. Based on the observations in this work, hysteresis and energy dissipation decrease with the addition of the short fibers to the neat rubber and surface modification of the fibers under three‐cycle loading. For example, in the first cycle and for a constant stress of 0.45 MPa, the strain value decreases from 0.25 to 0.17 MPa at the loading‐unloading rate of 10 mm/min. The high‐fidelity model developed in this work for short fiber/rubber composites is able to predict the stress and strain responses of the SCF/SBR composites, confirming the accuracy of the utilized multiscale approach.
Free and forced vibration response of a laminated composite sandwich beam with dual honeycomb core: Numerical and experimental study
Authors: Thanikasalam Narayanan , Ramamoorthy Manoharan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFree and forced vibration characteristics of composite sandwich beams with single‐core (SC) and dual‐core (DC) are investigated in this study. The wet hand‐layup technique is followed to make the composite face sheet, and honeycomb cores are 3D printed using the fused filament fabrication method. The natural frequencies of SC and DC sandwich beams were measured using experimental modal tests and validated through a three‐dimensional finite‐element model. Also, parametric studies on the geometry of composite structures are performed to scrutinize the effect of DC sandwich beams with different ply orientations, length‐to‐breadth ratios, core thickness, and core cell wall thickness. In addition, the transverse vibration responses of SC and DC sandwich beams are examined under harmonic force excitations at different end conditions. The study result shows that the sandwich beam's vibration behavior is enhanced by the inclusion of a core.
Study on mechanical, thermal and morphology behaviour of sisal/bentonite nanoclay reinforced cardanol biopolymer composites
Authors: Nelson Esther Edwin Paul , Venkatesan Balaji , Sravankumar Pallam , Ramasamy Selvam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aims to synthesize and characterize a bioresin named cardanol from cashew nutshell liquid and use it to create novel polymer composites. Sisal fibres were dried out in an oven to reduce humidity. These fibres were then cut into 15 mm lengths and chemically treated using an alkaline process. Compression moulding was used to make polymer composites of cardanol reinforced with 15% wt% 15 mm sisal fibre and bentonite nanoclay (with nanoclay levels of 0%, 1%, 3%, 5% and 7%). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the bioresin cardanol. The mechanical behaviour for cardanol nanocomposites was assessed using tensile, flexural and impact tests and a water absorption test. Furthermore, the thermal and morphology behaviour of cardanol nanoclay composites was examined. The results confirm that increasing the range of nanoclay by up to 5% enhanced mechanical characteristics. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Bioplastic: an eco‐friendly alternative to non‐biodegradable plastic
Authors: Mangal Mangal , Rao Chebrolu Venkateswara , Banerjee Tamal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe accumulation of non‐biodegradable plastic waste in land and aquatic environments is expanding every day. According to data collected from various scientific reports, about 100–250 megatonnes of plastic waste arrives in the oceans annually. According to the Central Control Board of India (2019–2020), India produces about 3.5 million metric tonnes of plastic waste annually, while only 5–10% of the produced waste is recycled. The non‐recycled plastic waste dumped into the environment either goes to landfills or directly goes to the sea, which disrupts the marine life of the ocean. We are highly dependent on plastic at household and industrial scales. Removal of plastic waste and lowering the use of hazardous and non‐biodegradable plastics are the main challenges. Researchers and industrialists have come up with many ideas to lower the generation of non‐biodegradable plastic waste and found that reusability is easier than degradability, while the use of bioplastics is the ultimate solution to tackle the plastic waste problem. Hence, developing eco‐friendly alternative plastics without compromising physicochemical and mechanical properties is the need of the hour. An eco‐friendly alternative to conventional or petrochemical plastics is bioplastics, which are environmentally safe, and reduce our dependency on fossil reserves. Therefore, this review focuses on eco‐friendly bioplastics as an efficient alternative to non‐biodegradable plastics. Among renewable and sustainable feedstocks available, vegetable oils are the most suitable resource for bioplastic production because of their renewability and economical nature. Hence, this study concluded that polyurethane‐based polymers from vegetable oils are inherently more eco‐friendly than most other plastics. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.