bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making Space Behind the Veil: Black Agency within a Predominantly White Religion
Authors: Wood Michael Lee , Soelberg Grace , Rugh Jacob S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe work of W.E.B. Du Bois highlights the significance of Christian religion in Black American life. According to Du Bois, the Black Church serves as a site of self‐formation and affirmation, and the White Church as a source of racist beliefs and justifications for inequality. In this paper, we expand Du Bois’ inquiry about the influence of religion with a study of Black Americans who belong to a predominantly White religion. For those whose religious experience is almost wholly within the “white world,” what role does religion play in their lives? We analyze a set of 52 public accounts by Black Americans discussing their experiences as members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter‐day Saints (LDS). We find that for many Black LDS, membership in the LDS Church is characterized by contrast and contradiction, yielding spiritual conviction, joy, and meaningful communion on one hand, and racism and isolation on the other. We also find that Black LDS respond to these contradictions in a variety of ways. We classify these agentic responses into five types and examine the sociological significance of the observed variation. We conclude with a discussion of implications for scholarship on race and religion.
Hypertensive nonobstructive hydrocephalus as main magnetic resonance imaging feature in a dog with disseminated choroid plexus carcinomatosis
Authors: Carisch Lea , Golini Lorenzo , Schurna Lea , Bergamino Chiara , Beckmann Katrin M. , Hilbe Monika , Asawapattanakul Thanaporn , Baumgärtner Wolfgang , Puff Christina , Wang‐Leandro Adriano 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObstructive or nonobstructive hypertensive hydrocephalus is reported in choroid plexus tumors. Choroid plexus tumors typically present as T2‐weighted hyperintense intraventricular masses with occasional cerebrospinal fluid‐drop metastasis. Acquired neoplastic nonobstructive hydrocephalus without visible mass lesion in magnetic resonance imaging is not reported in dogs. A 4.5‐year‐old Rhodesian Ridgeback presented with reduced mental status, unilaterally absent pupillary light reflex, and neck pain. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a nonobstructive hydrocephalus and widened lumbar subarachnoid space with no evidence of a primary mass lesion. Postmortem examination confirmed a disseminated choroid plexus tumor affecting the ependyma and choroid plexi of all ventricles and the cerebral and lumbar subarachnoid space. Disseminated choroid plexus carcinomatosis should be considered as a possible cause of hypertensive hydrocephalus even in absence of a primary mass.
Semipermeable species boundaries create opportunities for gene flow and adaptive potential
Authors: Satokangas I. , Nouhaud P. , Seifert B. , Punttila P. , Schultz R. , Jones M. M. , Sirén J. , Helanterä H. , Kulmuni J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHybridisation and gene flow can have both deleterious and adaptive consequences for natural populations and species. To better understand the extent of hybridisation in nature and the balance between its beneficial and deleterious outcomes in a changing environment, information on naturally hybridising nonmodel organisms is needed. This requires the characterisation of the structure and extent of natural hybrid zones. Here, we study natural populations of five keystone mound‐building wood ant species in theFormica rufagroup across Finland. No genomic studies across the species group exist, and the extent of hybridisation and genomic differentiation in sympatry is unknown. Combining genome‐wide and morphological data, we demonstrate more extensive hybridisation than was previously detected between all five species in Finland. Specifically, we reveal a mosaic hybrid zone betweenFormica aquilonia,F. rufaandF. polyctena, comprising further generation hybrid populations. Despite this, we find thatF. rufa,F. aquilonia,F. lugubrisandF. pratensisform distinct gene pools in Finland. We also find that hybrids occupy warmer microhabitats than the nonadmixed populations of cold‐adaptedF. aquilonia, and suggest that warm winters and springs, in particular, may benefit hybrids overF. aquilonia, the most abundantF. rufagroup species in Finland. In summary, our results indicate that extensive hybridisation may create adaptive potential that could promote wood ant persistence in a changing climate. Additionally, they highlight the potentially significant ecological and evolutionary consequences of extensive mosaic hybrid zones, within which independent hybrid populations face an array of ecological and intrinsic selection pressures.
Metastatic xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis managed with immunosuppression
Authors: Daniell Julian , Pedagogos Eugenia , Chrysostomou Anastasia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA male aged in his mid‐60s was diagnosed with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis after a left nephrectomy for a renal mass that was detected during the investigation of weight loss and drenching night sweats. Past medical history includes type 2 diabetes mellitus, transient ischaemic attack, hypertension, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, dyslipidaemia, osteoarthritis and active smoking. Three years after the initial diagnosis, the patient represented with abdominal pain. CT imaging demonstrated new pulmonary and pancreatic lesions, which were histologically confirmed to be xanthogranulomatous disease. The patient was too unstable for surgical intervention so was commenced on glucocorticoids with marked improvement in his clinical condition with resolution of inflammatory markers and radiographic improvement. Weaning of prednisolone led to a relapse of disease, which was managed with re‐introduction of high‐dose prednisolone and the initiation of azathioprine. The patient is now 2 years post initiation of immunosuppressive therapy with stable renal function and no active inflammation.
One‐carbon metabolism and microbial pathogenicity
Authors: Stocke Kendall S. , Lamont Richard J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne‐carbon metabolism (OCM) pathways are responsible for several functions, producing a number of one‐carbon unit intermediates (formyl, methylene, methenyl, methyl) that are required for the synthesis of various amino acids and other biomolecules such as purines, thymidylate, redox regulators, and, in most microbes, folate. As humans must acquire folate from the diet, folate production is a target for antimicrobials such as sulfonamides. OCM impacts the regulation of microbial virulence such that in a number of instances, limiting the availability of para‐aminobenzoic acid (pABA), an essential OCM precursor, causes a reduction in pathogenicity. Porphyromonas gingivalis, however, displays increased pathogenicity in response to lower pABA levels, and exogenous pABA exerts a calming influence on heterotypic communities of P. gingivalis with pABA‐producing partner species. Differential responses to pABA may reflect both the physiology of the organisms and their host microenvironment. OCM plays an integral role in regulating the global rate of protein translation, where the alarmones ZMP and ZTP sense insufficient stores of intracellular folate and coordinate adaptive responses to compensate and restore folate to sufficient levels. The emerging interconnections between OCM, protein synthesis, and context‐dependent pathogenicity provide novel insights into the dynamic host–microbe interface.
Homeostasis of flavonoids and triterpenoids most likely modulates starch metabolism for pollen tube penetration in rice
Authors: Wu Hua‐Mao , Xie Dong‐Jiang , Jia Peng‐Fei , Tang Zuo‐Shun , Shi Dong‐Qiao , Shui Guang‐Hou , Wang Guo‐Dong , Yang Wei‐Cai 
Published: May 2023

SummaryIn angiosperms, the timely delivery of sperm cell nuclei by pollen tube (PT) to the ovule is vital for double fertilization. Penetration of PT into maternal stigma tissue is a critical step for sperm cell nuclei delivery, yet little is known about the process. Here, a male‐specific and sporophytic mutant xt6, where PTs are able to germinate but unable to penetrate the stigma tissue, is reported in Oryza sativa. Through genetic study, the causative gene was identified as Chalcone synthase (OsCHS1), encoding the first enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis. Indeed, flavonols were undetected in mutant pollen grains and PTs, indicating that the mutation abolished flavonoid biosynthesis. Nevertheless, the phenotype cannot be rescued by exogenous application of quercetin and kaempferol as reported in maize and petunia, suggesting a different mechanism exists in rice. Further analysis showed that loss of OsCHS1 function disrupted the homeostasis of flavonoid and triterpenoid metabolism and led to the accumulation of triterpenoid, which inhibits significantly α‐amylase activity, amyloplast hydrolysis and monosaccharide content in xt6, these ultimately impaired tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, reduced ATP content and lowered the turgor pressure as well. Our findings reveal a new mechanism that OsCHS1 modulates starch hydrolysis and glycometabolism through modulating the metabolic homeostasis of flavonoids and triterpenoids which affects α‐amylase activity to maintain PT penetration in rice, which contributes to a better understanding of the function of CHS1 in crop fertility and breeding.
Heterosis and combining ability vis‐à‐vis association for green fruit yield and component traits involving male sterile lines in chilli (Capsicum annuum) under wet temperate zone of North Western Himalayas
Authors: Lata Hem , Sharma Akhilesh , Thakur Hament , Thakur Alisha , Rana Ranbir Singh , Kaur Manpreet 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFourteen genetically diverse inbred lines comprising of four genic male sterile lines and 10 often pollinated lines as testers were crossed following ‘line × tester’ mating design to generate 40 F1s. These F1s, parents and check ‘CH‐27’ were evaluated in α‐lattice square design, replicated thrice during summer seasons of 2020 and 2021. The male sterile line DPChMS 9‐2 was good general combiner for marketable fruit yield and eight other component traits while testers namely, DPCh 10, PBC 535, VVG, Him Palam Mirch‐2 and DPCh 40 showed significant GCA for majority of yield related traits. The hybrids DPChMS 9‐2 × HPM‐2, DPChMS 9‐2 × DPCh 40, DPChMS 9‐2 × DPCh 101, DPChMS 9‐2× VVG and DPChMS 26‐1× HPM‐1 were the most desirable based on specific combining ability (SCA) and economic heterosis for fruit yield and other important traits. Heterosis was positively correlated with SCA indicating prediction of potential hybrids can be made based on both these parameters simultaneously. Present study provides an opportunity to exploit top hybrids for stability and commercial cultivation.
Arabidopsis calmodulin‐like proteins CML13 and CML14 interact with proteins that have IQ domains
Authors: Teresinski Howard J. , Hau Bryan , Symonds Kyle , Kilburn Ryan , Munro Kim A. , Doner Nathan M. , Mullen Robert , Li Vivian H. , Snedden Wayne A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn response to Ca2+ signals, the evolutionarily‐conserved Ca2+ sensor calmodulin (CaM) regulates protein targets via direct interaction. Plants possess many CaM‐like (CML) proteins, but their binding partners and functions are mostly unknown. Here, using Arabidopsis CML13 as ‘bait’ in a yeast two‐hybrid screen, we isolated putative targets from three, unrelated protein families, namely, IQD proteins, calmodulin‐binding transcriptional activators (CAMTAs) and myosins, all of which possess tandem isoleucine‐glutamine (IQ) structural domains. Using the split‐luciferase complementation assay in planta and the yeast 2‐hybrid system, CML13 and CML14 showed a preference for interaction with tandem over single IQ domains. Relative to CaM, CML13 and CML14 displayed weaker signals when tested with the non‐IQ, CaM‐binding domain of glutamate decarboxylase or the single IQ domains of CNGC20 (cyclic‐nucleotide gated channel‐20) or IQM1 (IQ motif protein1). We examined IQD14 as a representative tandem IQ‐protein and found that only CaM, CML13 and CML14 interacted with IQD14 among 12 CaM/CMLs tested. CaM, CML13 and CML14 bound in vitro to IQD14 in the presence or absence of Ca2+. Binding affinities were in the nM range and were higher when two tandem IQ domains from IQD14 were present. Green fluorescent protein‐tagged versions of CaM, CML13 and CML14 localized to both the cytosol and nucleus in plant cells but were partially relocalized to the microtubules when co‐expressed with IQD14 tagged with mCherry. These and other data are discussed in the context of possible roles for these CMLs in gene regulation via CAMTAs and cytoskeletal activity via myosins and IQD proteins.
Vocal cord dysfunction/inducible laryngeal obstruction—2022 Melbourne Roundtable Report
Authors: Leong Paul , Gibson Peter G. , Vertigan Anne E. , Hew Mark , McDonald Vanessa M. , Bardin Philip G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVocal cord dysfunction/inducible laryngeal obstruction (VCD/ILO), is a common condition characterized by breathlessness associated with inappropriate laryngeal narrowing. Important questions remain unresolved, and to improve collaboration and harmonization in the field, we convened an international Roundtable conference on VCD/ILO in Melbourne, Australia. The aims were to delineate a consistent approach to VCD/ILO diagnosis, appraise disease pathogenesis, outline current management and model(s) of care and identify key research questions. This report summarizes discussions, frames key questions and details recommendations. Participants discussed clinical, research and conceptual advances in the context of recent evidence. The condition presents in a heterogenous manner, and diagnosis is often delayed. Definitive diagnosis of VCD/ILO conventionally utilizes laryngoscopy demonstrating inspiratory vocal fold narrowing >50%. Computed tomography of the larynx is a new technology with potential for swift diagnosis that requires validation in clinical pathways. Disease pathogenesis and multimorbidity interactions are complex reflecting a multi‐factorial, complex condition, with no single overarching disease mechanism. Currently there is no evidence‐based standard of care since randomized trials for treatment are non‐existent. Recent multidisciplinary models of care need to be clearly articulated and prospectively investigated. Patient impact and healthcare utilization can be formidable but have largely escaped inquiry and patient perspectives have not been explored. Roundtable participants expressed optimism as collective understanding of this complex condition evolves. The Melbourne VCD/ILO Roundtable 2022 identified clear priorities and future directions for this impactful condition.
Biologics for severe asthma—Which, when and why?
Authors: Shah Peer Ameen , Brightling Chris 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAsthma is a common chronic inflammatory condition of the airways that affects about 350 million people globally. In 5%–10% of individuals, it is severe, with considerable morbidity and high health care utilization. The goal of asthma management is disease control by reducing symptoms and exacerbations and reducing corticosteroid‐related morbidity. The era of biologics has revolutionized the management of severe asthma. Biologics have changed our expectations for severe asthma, especially in those people with type‐2 mediated immunity. We can now explore the potential for changing disease trajectory and inducing remission. However, biologics are not a panacea for all severe asthma sufferers and despite their success there remains substantial unmet clinical need. We review the pathogenesis of asthma, phenotyping the heterogeneity of asthma, currently licensed and future biologic agents, how to choose the initial biologic, assessing the response, remission and switching of biologic therapies.
Clinical and histopathological features of rostrolateral nasal alar arteriopathy of German shepherd dogs
Authors: Fleischman Drew A. , Mauldin Elizabeth A. , Lowe Andrew , Cain Christine L. , Bradley Charles W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDermal arteritis of the nasal philtrum (DANP) has been described in large‐breed dogs.ObjectivesTo characterise clinically distinct, discrete fissures of the dorsolateral nasal alae associated with severe bleeding in German shepherd dogs (GSDs).AnimalsFourteen privately owned GSDs with linear rostrolateral nasal alar fissures and a histopathological diagnosis of nasal vasculopathy.Materials and MethodsRetrospective analysis of medical records and histological slides.ResultsMean age of onset was 6 years. Before biopsy, episodic arteriolar bleeding was noted in 11 of the 14 (79%) dogs. Slide analysis revealed enlarged nasal arterioles with expanded vascular tunics and luminal stenosis beneath ulcers. Histopathological lesions consistent with mucocutaneous pyoderma and/or facial discoid lupus erythematosus were present in 5 of the 14 (36%) dogs. Enlarged arterioles stained blue with Alcian blue and Masson's trichrome stains, consistent with deposition of mucin and collagen, respectively. Immunohistochemical stains (neutrophil myeloperoxidase, IBA1, CD3) were performed. CD3 was negative for all dogs, whilst neutrophil myeloperoxidase and IBA1 occasionally demonstrated intramural neutrophils (3 of the 14 dogs, 21%) or histiocytes (1 of the 14 dogs, 7%) in altered vessels, respectively. All dogs underwent medical management and/or surgical excision. Treatments included tacrolimus, prednisone, ciclosporin‐modified, pentoxifylline, antimicrobials and doxycycline/niacinamide. No dogs were treated with antimicrobials alone. For seven dogs with long‐term follow‐up, treatment response was complete in five (71%) and partial in two (29%), with six of the seven (86%) receiving immunomodulatory treatments to maintain remission.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceNasal alar arteriopathy of GSDs shares histopathological changes with DANP. It has characteristic clinical and histopathological features and appears amenable to immunomodulation.
Advanced oxidation processes for the degradation of microplastics from the environment: A review
Authors: Gayathri Padinchare Veettil , Joseph Shijo , Mohan Mahesh , Pillai Devika 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMicroplastic pollution has rapidly become one of the major global environmental concerns because of its low biodegradability rate and threat to biota. Although many treatment methods are reported, the advanced oxidation process (AOP) is recommended because of its capacity to completely mineralize organic pollutants into carbon dioxide and water. This review gathers published investigations on recent AOP techniques (UV/solar photolysis and photocatalysis (PC), UV/H2O2, Fenton reaction, sonolysis, heat‐activated persulphate and peroxymonosulphate) tested for the degradation of microplastics from water and wastewater. The review lists 54 studies, by far the most comprehensive collection on the AOP‐driven treatment of microplastics, and is also the first to explain the methods related to the ultrasonic degradation of microplastics. We found that all the reviewed AOP techniques achieved satisfying performance in the degradation of microplastics. This paper proposes recommendations for future research based on the review.
Influences of cathode potential and carbon source on parabromoaniline degradation in microbial electrolysis cell
Authors: Zhao Xia , Li Bowen , Zhang Guozhen , Xu Yumin , Pei Weina , Wang Hao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA microbial electrolysis cell was established to explore the degradation characteristics of characteristic pollutants in wastewater for parabromoaniline (P‐BrA). Their effects on P‐BrA reduction and degradation were investigated through factors such as impressed voltage and cosubstrate type. The P‐BrA residue and degradation in wastewater were analysed quantitatively through analytical testing methods, such as ultraviolet–visible, cyclic voltammetry, high‐performance liquid chromatograph, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that under the cathode potential of 0.5 V, electrons and electroactive microorganisms generate coupling action to accelerate the degradation of P‐BrA, reaching 94.94%. Moreover, the addition of carbon source organisms, such as glucose and sodium acetate, can facilitate the degradation of P‐BrA in the cathode chamber on the precondition that the electroactive anaerobic microbial C/N ratio was satisfied, both reaching over 90%. In addition, the microbial community diversity and richness of bioelectrochemistry system were enhanced after bioaugmentation. The increase in the Anacrolincalcs, Betaproteobacteriales, and Micrococcales also played an important role in the granulation of bioelectrochemistry system and the removal of characteristic pollutants.
Regularity of viscosity solutions of the σk$\sigma _k$‐Loewner–Nirenberg problem
Authors: Li YanYan , Nguyen Luc , Xiong Jingang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe study the regularity of the viscosity solution of the ‐Loewner–Nirenberg problem on a bounded smooth domain for . It was known that is locally Lipschitz in . We prove that, with being the distance function to and sufficiently small, is smooth in and the first derivatives of are Hölder continuous in . Moreover, we identify a boundary invariant which is a polynomial of the principal curvatures of and its covariant derivatives and vanishes if and only if is smooth in . Using a relation between the Schouten tensor of the ambient manifold and the mean curvature of a submanifold and related tools from geometric measure theory, we further prove that, when contains more than one connected components, is not differentiable in .
Determination of Optimum Design Parameters for Gyroid Scaffolds to Mimic a Real Bone-Like Condition In Vitro: A Fluid Structure Interaction Study
Authors: Gupta Abhisek , Rana Masud , Mondal Nitesh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A suitable scaffold architecture is always desirable to get a biomimetic scaffold for bone tissue engineering. In this regard, a fluid structure interaction analysis was carried out on different Micro-CTs (μCTs) and gyroids to observe the in vitro mechanical responses due to fluid flow. Computational fluid dynamics method was used to evaluate the permeability and wall shear stress (WSS), followed by a finite element method to obtain the mechanical stress within scaffolds. Different types of gyroids were designed based on the number of unit cells and porosity, where porosity of gyroids was kept same as μCTs. The main objective of the study is to examine the variations of permeability, WSS and mechanical stress with respect to the number of unit cells and porosity for different gyroids and μCTs. Mechanical responses were also compared between gyroids and μCTs. The results of this study highlighted that permeability and WSS of μCTs came close to the gyroids with eight unit cells but had significant differences in mechanical stress. The permeability of gyroids increased with the increase of porosity but decreased with the increase in number of unit cells. The opposite trend was shown in case of WSS within gyroids. This study will guide us in predicting an ideal scaffold for trabecular bone replacement.
Modeling Analysis of Seismic Wave Generation and Control Based on Twin Rotary Valve
Authors: Wang Tao , Liu Yi , Zhang Sheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The earthquake simulation shaking table is an indispensable equipment for earthquake research. A new seismic wave generation and control method based on the twin rotary valve is proposed to meet the requirements of the flexible regulation of simulated seismic waves for large-scale testing. Meanwhile, the static and dynamic regulation characteristics are analyzed based on the mathematical model of the novel system aiming to further improve the frequency bandwidth and amplitude of the system. The research results show that the novel structure and control method are feasible in terms of the flexible regulation of the waveform frequency and amplitude, which provides new ideas to further enhance the level of the seismic wave control technology for large-scale testing.