bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Cu-doped ZnO Nanoparticles Using Aloe vera Leaf Extract for Antibacterial and Photocatalytic Activities Evaluation
Authors: Degefa Mulatu , Muleta Guta , Teshome Kirubel 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Fabrication of nanoparticles (NPs) by the biological approach has gained extensive
attention recently due to its low cost, simplicity, non-toxic and environmentally-friendly nature,
as compared to the toxic as well as expensive chemical and physical methods. This study aimed
to synthesize ZnO and Cu-doped ZnO NPs using Aloe vera leaf extract for their photocatalytic and antibacterial
activities evaluation.

Methods:
ZnO and Cu-doped ZnO NPs were synthesized using Aloe vera extract by optimizing the
reaction parameters, including precursor salt concentration, plant extract volume, and solution pH. The
as-synthesized nanoproducts were characterized using FT-IR, UV-Vis, SEM, and XRD spectroscopic
techniques, and tested as antibacterial agents and photocatalysts.

Results:
The XRD pattern data indicated all the synthesized NPs to have a crystallite nature with a
particle size of 19.24 nm, 23.74 nm, and 24.91 nm for ZnO, 1% Cu-doped ZnO, and 4% Cu-doped
ZnO NPs, respectively. SEM image revealed crushed-ice, irregular, and spherical shapes of the NPs.
The synthesized nanoproducts displayed good antibacterial activity, and the best potential was observed
against gram-positive bacteria (B. cereus and S. aureus) of 4% Cu-doped ZnO NPs, followed
by 1% Cu-doped ZnO NPs, with the reference to the selected standards gentamicin and DMSO, while
the least inhibition zone was seen against gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and S. typhi). 1% Cu-doped
ZnO and 4% Cu-doped ZnO NPs displayed good photocatalytic potential at 78.48% and 88.07%, respectively,
after 180 min of irradiation, while 4% Cu-doped ZnO NPs displayed better degrading potential
with effective reusability.

Conclusion:
The good antibacterial and photocatalytic activities of the synthesized Cu-doped ZnO
NPs may lead to the application of the nanomaterials in antimicrobial and catalysis fields with the required
modifications for enhancement of their potential.
Generative AI for medical imaging analysis and applications
Authors: Musalamadugu Tanmai Sree , Kannan Hemachandran 
Published: September 2023

Generative AI plays a pivotal role in medical imaging analysis, enabling precise diagnosis, treatment planning and disease monitoring. Techniques like generative adversarial networks (GANs) and variational autoencoders (VAEs) enhance medical imaging by generating synthetic images, improving reconstruction, segmentation and facilitating disease diagnosis and treatment planning. Nonetheless, ethical, legal and regulatory concerns arise regarding patient privacy, data protection and fairness. This paper offers an overview of generative AI in medical imaging analysis, highlighting applications, challenges and case studies. It compares results with traditional methods and examines potential implications on healthcare policies. The paper concludes with recommendations for responsible implementation and suggests future research and development directions.
Sex identification in juvenile and adult Indonesian blue-tongued skinks (Tiliqua gigas) through cystoscopy and accuracy of contrast radiography
Authors: Vetere Alessandro , Di Girolamo Nicola , Porter Ian , Tollefson Christopher , Di Ianni Francesco , Nardini Giordano 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To describe a nonsurgical endoscopic technique for sex identification in Indonesian blue-tongued skinks (Tiliqua gigas) and to assess accuracy of contrast radiography of the hemipenile/hemiclitoral pouches.

ANIMALS
42 clinically healthy Indonesian blue-tongued skinks between 6 months and 3 years old and weighing between 22 and 550 g.

METHODS
Cystoscopy was performed under general anesthesia. Gonads were visualized through the transparency of the urinary bladder, and their gross morphology was described. Contrast was applied in the tail pouches before obtaining full-body radiographs. Two radiologists, blinded to the sex of the skink, evaluated the radiographs.

RESULTS
Cystoscopy was achieved in all 42 skinks. Visualization of the gonads through the urinary bladder was possible in 41 (98%; 95% CI, 87% to 99%) of the skinks, with 18 of them identified as males and 23 identified as females. Median procedure time was 60 seconds (range, 25 to 180 seconds) and was not associated with procedure order (–0.69; 95% CI, –1.83 to 0.45) or with the weight (0.02 g; 95% CI, –0.07 to 1.0) or the identified sex (11.7; 95% CI, –15.07 to 38.45) of the skink. Radiographs had a sensitivity of 69.6% (95% CI, 47.1% to 86.8%) and a specificity of 75.0% (47.6% to 92.7%) to identify female skinks. All the skinks recovered uneventfully.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Cystoscopic sex identification is feasible in Indonesian blue-tongued skinks of various age and size. Considering the difficulty in identifying their sex otherwise, this technique could provide a significant improvement in the veterinary care of this species. In this population, contrast radiographs showed limited accuracy for sex identification.
Community of origin, preferred community, and gender are predictors for veterinary graduates from Auburn University choosing rural food animal employment
Authors: Camus Melinda S. , Wilder Charlie , McGoey Kendall 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
With 47 states experiencing a federally recognized veterinary shortage, it is important to identify areas of need and an evidence-based strategy for solving this complex problem.

SAMPLE
478 graduates of the Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine

METHODS
First destination outcomes for graduates from the Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine DVM classes of 2019 to 2022 (n = 478) were examined. Logistic regression and latent class analysis were conducted to identify variables that can predict a graduate’s choice of employment in rural, food animal versus other employment settings.

RESULTS
Results indicate that a graduate’s community of origin (rural, suburban, urban), preferred community, and gender have the strongest relationships with choice of employment setting (location and type).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
These findings can be used to influence admissions practices by colleges of veterinary medicine to shape the demographics of veterinary classes and the potential practice location and types of veterinary graduates.
Length-weight relationships and Fulton’s condition factors of two flatfishes, Cynoglossus cynoglossus and Cynoglossus lingua, from Cox’s Bazar coast, Bay of Bengal
Authors: Siddique Mohammad Abdul Momin , Das Razat Suvra , Akter Fahmida , Ahmed Siyam , Islam Nazrul , Hossen Md. Yeamin , Tarek Raihan Uddin Ahamed , Mustafa M. Golam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Length-weight relationships (LWRs) and Fulton’s condition factor were estimated for two flatfishes, Cynoglossus lingua Hamilton, and Cynoglossus cynoglossus (Hamilton), from the Cox’s Bazar coast of Bangladesh. Sampling was done from September to November 2022 from the landing center of Bangladesh Fisheries Development Corporation. In this study, the maximum total length of C. cynoglossus (34.0 cm) is a new record for this species. The length-weight relationships for these two species were highly significant (P < 0.001) with adjusted r2 values of 0.918 and 0.927 for C. lingua and C. cynoglossus, respectively. The calculated growth coefficient (b) for C. lingua and C. cynoglossus was 2.873 and 3.359, respectively. The estimated Fulton’s condition factor (Kn) was 0.42 ± 0.05 for C. lingua and 0.72 ± 0.11 for C. cynoglossus. No information about the population parameters of C. lingua from the Bay of Bengal has been reported previously in any scientific database. The maximum Kn value of C. lingua was observed in the 13.0–15.9 cm length class while that of C. cynoglossus was found in the 31.0–33.9 cm length class. Our estimated LWR and Fulton’s condition factor values for these two flatfishes can be useful for management and conservation.
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of cultivated Caucasian whortleberry (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) against fish pathogens
Authors: Terzi Ertugrul , Tahiluddin Albaris B. , Kadak Ali Eslem 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bacterial diseases are one of the major factors hampering aquaculture sustainability. Antibiotics are used widely to treat or prevent infectious bacterial diseases in aquaculture. However, because of growing problems of antibiotic resistance caused by the imprudent use of antibiotics, sourcing environmentally benign alternatives, such as herbal/medicinal plants, is now the focus of many researchers. Hence, in this study, a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test with broth microdilution was performed to determine the in vitro antibacterial activity of an aqueous methanolic extract of cultivated Caucasian whortleberry (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) against various fish pathogens, i.e., Yersinia ruckeri, Pseudomonas putida, P. luteola, Aeromonas salmonicida, A. hydrophila, and A. sobria. The results revealed that the MIC values of the aqueous methanolic extract against Y. ruckeri, P. putida, P. luteola, A. salmonicida, and A. hydrophila were 8.75 mg mL−1, while against A. sobria it was 2.19 mg mL−1. This study indicated that the medicinal plant V. arctostaphylos L. can potentially be used against all the fish pathogens tested thanks to its various important bioactive compounds. However, to assess the potential of this plant, further in vivo studies should be carried out.
Integrated cage-pond carp farming for increased aquaculture production
Authors: Kolek Ludmiła , Inglot Michał 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The study investigated the potential for increasing carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) production in temperate climates without expanding farming area and simultaneously reducing wastewater discharge in intensive fish production using an in-pond cage system. An earthen pond with a stocking density of 209.3 kg per ha−1 and four cages stocked with 8.12 kg m−2 (A1 and A2) and 2.61 kg m−2 (B1 and B2) were monitored. The gross yield from the cages was 27.09 kg m−2 (A1), 24.3 kg m−2 (A2), 10.09 kg m−2 (B1), and 9.73 kg m−2 (B2). The fish in the pond had the highest specific growth rate (SGR) at 0.98%, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was above 3 for all the cages. The cages provided a high enough nutrient load to enable a net fish production of about 450 kg ha−1 in the pond. Ineffective feed utilization affected the production performance in the cages. Thanks to the high yield obtained in the pond, the overall return on the investment was 16%, which rendered production profitable.
Challenging Preservation of the Renal Function in a Case of an Acute Erythroid Leukemia (Fab M6) Known with Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Tudor Cezara 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a subtype of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), comprising less than 5% of AML cases, characterized by erythroblastic proliferation. It’s a rare and aggressive form of acute leukemia whose biology remains poorly described, and there are many controversies around diagnosis influencing prognostic and therapeutic challenges. The average survival time for this type of Leukemia is 3 months. We present a unique case of a patient already known to have Chronic Kidney Disease stage G4, diagnosed with Acute Erythroid Leukemia (Fab M6), confirmed by Flow-Cytometry (infiltration of 93% erythroblasts in the Bone Marrow), who underwent specific chemotherapy (Azacitidine and Venetoclax) for 4 months. Due to severe pancytopenia and the presence of leukemic hiatus, it was challenging to avoid hemodialysis/hemofiltration, overcome metabolic acidosis and hyperuricemia, preserve serum creatinine levels at acceptable levels, and maintain hydroelectrolytic balance. All drug dosages (chemotherapy and supportive treatment) were adapted to the patient’s renal function.
Life History Traits of Gangetic Ailia Ailia coila (Hamilton 1822) in the Tetulia River, Southern Bangladesh
Authors: Saha Newton , Roy Prosun , Utsha Tanmoy Sarkar , Nag Sudipta Kumar , Kaushik Gitartha , Hossain Md. Yeamin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The near-threatened Ailia coila, commonly referred to as Gangetic ailia, is a catfish species in the Ailiidae family that is indigenous to Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, and India. This study describes the comprehensive explanation of life-history traits of Ailia coila, including length-frequency distribution (LFD), growth pattern (length-weight relationships, LWRs and length-length relationship, LLR), form factor (a

3.0
), condition factors (allometric, K

A
; Fulton’s, K

F
; relative, K

R
and relative weight, W

R
), size at first sexual maturity (L

m
), optimum catchable length (L

opt
) and natural mortality (M

w
) from the Tetulia River in southern Bangladesh. Additionally, L

α
, a

3.0
, L

m
, M

w
and L

opt
from various water bodies worldwide using the existing literature were calculated in this study. A total of 316 samples were randomly collected occasionally using traditional gear for a year from July 2021 to June 2022. With an accuracy of 0.01 cm and 0.01 g, each fish’s total length (TL), standard length (SL), and body weight (BW) were measured. The group from 10.00 to 10.99 cm TL was numerically leading and the b values of LWRs indicate positive allometric growth. The a

3.0
was 0.005 and K

F
was the best for assessing the well-being of A. coila. Additionally, W

R
indicates that the habitat was imbalanced with higher predators. The calculated L

m
, L

opt
and M

w
were 9.19 (~ 9.2 cm TL), 10.7 cm TL and 1.37 year−1 for A. coila in the Tetulia River, respectively. These insights are vital for future research and recommending suitable management strategies for A. coila in the Tetulia River and neighboring basins.
Ex-Ante Analysis of Macro-Regional Development in the Visegrad Countries, with Special Emphasis on Some Turbulent Periods
Authors: Kocziszky György , Szendi Dóra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work:
Monitoring the development of a given region and forecasting its potential changes is an evergreen topic in regional economic analysis. The aim of the current work is to analyse the development path of four Central-Eastern-European countries and create short term forecast for their development.

Materials and methods:
The authors discuss and test an autoregressive model for short-run, ex-ante assessment of spatial development using data from four CEE countries (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary).

Results:
The research shows that the initial (1995-2021) development trajectories of the countries were still determined by the shocks of the transition period that started after 1990. The analysis shows that further development is essentially determined by inflationary pressures and changes in fiscal and monetary conditions.

Conclusions:
The analysis shows that after a recovery period of 1.5-2 years, the countries could be back on the path of development from 2024 but starting from a lower level and at a more modest pace.
The Role of Social Cooperatives in Hungary Over the Past Ten Years – From a Regional Labour Market Perspective
Authors: Dániel Zoltán András , Molnár Tamás , Porkoláb Patrícia Fanni 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Subject and purpose of the work:
The aim of the research is to show how the effectiveness and regional labour market impact of social cooperatives in Hungary has evolved over the past 10 years.

Materials and methods:
The research database is based on a database of domestic enterprises. It includes data on the assets and income of social cooperatives for the past 10 years.

Results:
It analyses the evolution of the number of social cooperatives in space and time, in parallel with a legal and support environment. Focusing on a ten-year time horizon, it has examined the areas where the evolution of the number and activity of social cooperatives has had a greater impact on the labour market situation.

Conclusions:
It has shown that changes in the legal environment have significantly increased the number of social cooperatives. It has shown that, despite the increase in numbers, the cooperatives studied have survived in large numbers. It has shown a positive contribution to employment.
The Revival of Regional Cooperation in Central Asia in the Perspective of Hungary’s Eastern Opening Policy
Authors: Barkanyi Peter , Vasa Laszlo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Subject and purpose of the work:
This study explores the specifics of strengthening Central Asian regional cooperation and its potential opportunities according to Hungary’s Eastern Opening Policy.

Materials and methods:
A two-pronged approach was used to conduct this study, which included a comprehensive literature review of relevant academic publications on regional cooperation, as well as an examination of cooperation projects to identify specific characteristics. Results are explicated using descriptive methodology for the analysis.

Results:
Central Asian regional integration differs from the traditional model, emphasising the importance of historical factors and the strengthening of Turkish ethnic identity as a foundation for unification efforts.

Conclusions:
Foreign economic engagement in Central Asia requires a continuous and assertive presence, along with the development of mutual trust due to the region’s unique historical, cultural and geopolitical context. These tendencies and intentions have been recognised by Hungarian foreign strategy - in line with the Eastern Opening Policy - with good sense and at a good pace.
Foliar epidermal and trichome micromorphological diversity among poisonous plants and their taxonomic significance
Authors: Abid Aqsa , Ahmad Mushtaq , Zafar Muhammad , Zafar Sadia , Ramadan Mohamed Fawzy , Althobaiti Ashwaq T. , Sultana Shazia , Kilic Omer , Makhkamov Trobjon , Yuldashev Akramjon , Mamarakhimov Oybek , Khaydarov Khislat , Mammadova Afat O. , Komilov Komiljon , Majeed Salman 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Scanning microscopic imaging has become a valuable research tool in micromorphology with improved techniques playing an important role in analysing the ultrastructure of leaf specimens. The foliar epidermal anatomy of 25 selected poisonous plants with special emphasis on stomata and trichomes was reported using microscopic techniques, for instance, light micrographs (LMs) and scanning micrographs (SEMs). This study aimed to investigate micromorphologies of studied species that are helpful for the identification of poisonous plants. Plants were collected, pressed, dried, identified and then analysed for microscopic study. For making microscopic slides, 1 or 2 leaves were taken in a test tube and dipped in 30% nitric acid and 70% lactic acid for few minutes, and then placed on petri plates for separating the epidermis. Numerous quantitative and qualitative foliar anatomical features of adaxial and abaxial surfaces, including epidermal cell shapes, stomata size, subsidiary cell size, the pattern of the anticlinal wall, the morphology of the stomatal complex and trichome diversity, were examined. A small number of the considered species had anomocytic and anisocytic stomata; a few species had paracytic stomata, for instance, Ricinus communis, Euphorbia royleana, Buxus pilosula and Sorghum halepense; and only Ipomoea carnea had cyclocytic stomata in the studied taxa. The epidermal cells of the analysed species were irregular, while some exhibited polygonal, wavy, tetragonal and elongated cell morphologies. Overall, this study emphasises the significance of foliar micromorphology analysis as a valuable resource for identifying potentially poisonous plants and demonstrates its contribution to maintaining public welfare, thereby benefitting public health and safety.
Studies of the pollen characteristics and the taxonomic significance of Impatiens from the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau
Authors: He Hai-hao , Ma Ming-lan , Chen Xin-yi , Li Xin-yi , Li Fan , Zhao Qiu-yan , He Xiao-shuai , Tan Yi , Qu Su-ping , Huang Hai-quan , Huang Mei-juan 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Impatiens is rich in germplasm resources, with more than 260 species in China. A study on the pollen micromorphology of Impatiens by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the pollen characteristics were richly diverse, and there was some correlation among the characteristics. In addition, the micromorphological index can be used for an effective cluster analysis of Impatiens. However, there was high interspecific similarity in some Impatiens, and the classification of Impatiens cannot be accurate to the species using pollen characteristics. Based on the classification conditions of Impatiens, the characteristics of the pollen structure were found to be useful to classify Impatiens into subgenera or smaller groups. The macroscopic characteristics and the number of sepals (NS) were used as references, which enabled the conclusion that there were 11 indices in the pollen micromorphological index, and the taxonomic effect was greater than the NS. In summary, the pollen micromorphology of Impatiens plays an important role in the classification of Impatiens. The purpose of this study was to explore this characteristic of Impatiens, which has some reference significance to supplement the pollen characteristics and palynological classification of Impatiens. The goal for this research was to aid in the interspecific identification and genetic breeding of Impatiens.
Time Scales Based Analysis of the Effects of COVID-19 Related Economic Support on the Stock Markets in Emerging Markets
Authors: Kamişli Melik , Özer Mustafa , Sayilir Özlem , Diallo Patrice Racine 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the causal response of the stock market returns to COVID-19 related economic support in 19 emerging countries by using the Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transform (MODWT) and Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test (FTYCT). With the help of MODWT, we identify the instant, short-term, mid-term and long-term reactions of stock market returns and COVID-19 related economic support to each other. Implementing FTYCT, we determine the existence of the causal relationships running from COVID-19 related economic support to stock returns. We obtain two major results. First, the COVID-19 related economic support have significant effects on stock market returns in the short-, medium-, and long-term, except in China. Second, the results of the causality tests vary across countries based on the different time scales. Some emerging markets show an immediate reaction to the Economic Support, while most stock market reactions occur over the medium- and long-term. Since economic support will created unintended effects on stock market returns, the way that these support policies are implemented should be reconsidered. Also, their effectiveness should be evaluated carefully.
Reputation Lasts Longer Than Life: How can Central Banks Quantify their Reputational Risk?
Authors: Kafle Pradip Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
It takes multiple decades of commitment and credibility to create repute but only a few seconds to tarnish it, as the instances of misinformation, disinformation and malinformation galore. In light of this, Central banks, as delicate and sensitive public institutions, are significantly vulnerable to such reputation risk due to their mandate for policy decisions and implementation. Thus, this study aims to formulate a barometer that quantifies the reputation score of central banks. The Central Bank Reputation (CBR) score is derived based on the respondents’ responses to a questionnaire that includes twelve attributes and twenty-eight indicators, which is administered among the eight set of audiences. The reputation score ranges from −100 to +100, that indicates the reputation of the Central Bank at a point of time. The deviation in reputation score between two points of time thus measures the reputational risk. However, the study suggests applying other qualitative analysis tools in complement with this quantitative barometer, to come up with the robust assessment.