bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HETERONORMATIVE DEFINITIONS OF SEX: IMPLICATIONS FOR LGBT+ WOMEN’S PREVENTIVE HEALTHCARE
Authors: Noblitt Jessica , Barrett Anne 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The dominant cultural definitions of sex, which is heteronormative, has implications for preventive health screening among LGB+ women. Medical recommendations for women’s screening exclude some same-sex behaviors from this definition, and they center on reproduction – both of which can discourage LGB+ women’s preventive health screening. Qualitative studies have found that sexual minority women, as well as their doctors, are less likely to see sexual health exams as important for sexual minority women’s healthcare because many are not engaging in penile-vaginal intercourse. However, we are aware of no study that has used a large, nationally representative dataset to examine potential differences in health screening by sexual identity. We used data from the National Health Interview Survey (2018; n=1394) to examine differences by sexual identity in having Pap tests and mammograms. We found that sexual minority women were about 40% less likely than heterosexual women to have ever had a Pap test. Moreover, among sexual minority women, lesbian women were about 50% less likely than bisexual women to have ever had one. Sexual minority women also were 22% less likely than heterosexual women to have had a Pap test in the last 12 months. Differences by sexual identity in receiving mammograms were less striking. We found, however, that bisexuals were 25% less likely than lesbians to have ever had a mammogram. In addition, these differences in health screening were more pronounced in younger than older women.
IS THE HEALTH OF OLDER AMERICANS WITH A GED EQUIVALENT TO THEIR PEERS WITH A HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA?
Authors: Fuller-Thomson Esme , Grossman Robin , MacNeil Andie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Previous research has found higher levels of educational attainment to be strongly associated with better health outcomes in later life, such as better cognitive functioning and fewer functional and sensory impairments. However, most studies have grouped General Educational Development (GED) recipients with high school graduates, neglecting potential differences in socioeconomic status, health behaviours, and health outcomes among these two groups. The aim of the current study is to identify differences in the age-sex-race-poverty adjusted prevalence and odds of cognitive impairment, hearing impairment, vision impairment, limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs), and ambulation limitations among three groups of older American adults: high school dropouts, GED recipients, and high school graduates with no post-secondary education. The present study uses secondary analysis of the 2017 American Community Survey, a nationally representative survey of community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults aged 65 years and older, of whom 20,489 were GED recipients, 154,892 had a high school diploma and 49,912 had finished grade 8 but had not completed high school. Our findings indicate that there is a gradient in health outcomes among Americans aged 65-84, with the highest prevalence and odds of cognitive impairment, hearing impairment, vision impairment, ADL limitations, and ambulation limitations occurring among high school dropouts, followed by GED recipients, and the lowest prevalence among high school graduates. These findings suggestion that although GED recipients have better health outcomes than high school dropouts, there is still a significant disparity in health status between GED recipients and high school graduates.
SYMPTOM BURDEN AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOR NURSING HOME RESIDENTS WITH DEMENTIA: UPLIFT TRIAL EARLY DATA
Authors: Cagle John , Orth Jessica , Becker Todd , Zhang Peiyuan , Ersek Mary , Tu Wanzhu , Floyd Alex , Unroe Kathleen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Communication difficulties in nursing home (NH) residents with dementia make valid assessment of symptoms and quality-of-life (QOL) challenging. Thus, researchers and clinicians frequently rely on proxy-based measures. The End-of-life Dementia-Comfort Assessment in Dying (EOLD-CAD) and two single-item QOL measures (7-point item; 5-point item) have been used in several studies, though evaluation of their psychometric properties is limited. We used baseline data from an ongoing multi-site randomized trial (UPLIFT) to describe symptoms and QOL and examine the measures’ validity and reliability in 138 residents with moderate to severe dementia living at 16 facilities. Descriptive data and assessments of convergent validity and inter-rater reliability are provided. Based on assessments by 134 staff and 45 family, physical symptoms, physical distress, and emotional distress were reported as infrequent by staff and family; indications of well-being were more frequently observed. Median QOL was the same for staff and family observers (4=“Life is so-so” [7-point item]; 3=“Fair” [5-point item]). Inter-observer assessments of resident QOL (staff vs. family) were correlated (7-point item: r=0.47, ICC=.643; 5-point item: r=0.48, ICC=.645, p&lt;.05 for all). Seven of 18 EOLD-CAD symptoms were significantly positively correlated. ICC values varied between high or moderately high: shortness-of-breath (ICC=.74), choking (ICC=.65), gurgling (ICC=.81), agitation (ICC=.51), fear (ICC=.46), crying (ICC=.65), peace (ICC=.57), and care resistance (ICC=.68) (p&lt;.05 for all). Choking and gurgling were the most prominently reported symptoms by both groups.Early findings provide a contemporary assessment of QOL and symptoms among NH residents with dementia. Measurement properties affirm general reliability and validity of study instruments.
HEALTHCARE ACCESSIBILITY AND UTILIZATION AMONG LGBTQ+ OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Dayrit Jessika , Pasatiempo Ana Maria , Salom-Bail Shirley , Islaya Cesz 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Studies show disparities in healthcare have exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer + (LGBTQ+) older adults. The aim of this paper is to understand health care utilization and accessibility among LGBTQ+ older adults and to examine if social assets, such as income, education, and employment are associated with health care utilization and accessibility.

Methods
Data from BRFSS 2020 was used. Study focused on LGBTQ+ and non-LGBTQ+, age 65 and older, comparing health care utilization and accessibility. Data was weighted for complex sampling design. Logistic regression was used to examine the odds of health care accessibility and health care utilization while controlling for socioeconomic status.

Results
Total sample size of study was 14,453. 6.14% of participants identified as LGBTQ+, which 11% of them were unemployed (CI=0.08-0.17), 21% earned less than $15,000 annually (CI=0.15-0.28), and 35% did not graduate from high school (CI=0.27-0.44). Our analyses indicated LGBTQ+ are less likely to have primary health care provider than non-LGBTQ+ (OR=0.64; CI=0.48-0.84); they are less likely to have health care insurance than non-LGBTQ+ (OR=0.60; CI=0.39-0.93). We did not find association if LGBTQ+ are less likely to seek medical help, when needed, due to cost (OR=0.72; CI=0.53-1.02). Our findings suggest disparities in socioeconomic status, such as income, employment, and education have significant association with health care accessibility and health care utilization. Limitation of study includes recall bias due to self-report. Longitudinal and qualitative research regarding healthcare utilization and accessibility among older LGBTQ+ population need to be explored.
HOW COVID-19 NEWS AFFECTS OLDER ADULTS' MENTAL HEALTH
Authors: Li Grace , Ng Zoe Ziyi , Yow W Quin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Media affects the trajectory of many individuals’ mental health. With the rise of COVID-19 cases, the media not only provides informative updates on the pandemic, it also fuels the hysteria and paranoia of citizens across the world. Studies show that older adults (OA) who consume media frequently were at a higher risk for declining mental health (Negarestani et al., 2021) and that individuals experience negative bias more than positive bias (Vaish et al., 2013). However, no studies have directly investigated how much positive and negative COVID-19 news affect OA’s mental health and emotions. Sixty-nine OA (aged 55-95) answered questions about their weekly media consumption, how closely they followed COVID-19 news, and the General Health Questionnaire. They were then randomly assigned to read either positive or negative COVID-19 news (n=35 and 34 respectively), and asked if the news made them feel happy/fearful and if they wanted to read more about/ignore the news. Analysis revealed that the more OA consumed media and closely followed COVID-19 news, the more they felt unhappy and depressed, rs&gt;.25, ps&lt;.05. There was a significant condition effect, where OA who read positive news reported more positive emotions than those who read negative news, t(67)=5.21, p&lt;.001. Chance analyses revealed that positive news evoked positive emotions significantly above chance, t(34)=8.99, p&lt;.001, but negative news evoked negative emotions only marginally above chance, t(33)=1.92, p=.064. These findings suggest that media consumption of COVID-19 news does negatively impact OA’s mental wellbeing, and OA appear to have a strong positivity bias for COVID-19 news.
AGING AGENCIES’ AND PROVIDERS’ REASONS FOR HOSTING OR NOT HOSTING GERONTOLOGY INTERNS
Authors: Karasik Rona , Greenberg Phyllis , Kroeber Maria , VanderWerf Jessica , Zuniga Claudia Burgos 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hands-on experience is essential to gerontological education and associated with numerous student benefits. Much less is known about the community agency perspective, including why they do/don’t host gerontology interns. In this national study (n=281), non-profit, for-profit, and government aging-service providers (e.g., Social Services, Health Care, Housing) were surveyed regarding their perceptions of internship benefits, challenges, and areas to improve. Unique to this study is the inclusion of both hosting (n=129) and non-hosting (n=142) agencies. Hosts’ reasons for accepting interns included: share experience/knowledge (n=81, 87%); future university relationships (n=71, 76%); intergenerational interaction for students (n=69, 74%) and clients (n=60, 65%); attract future employees (n=68, 73%); and fills unmet need at agency (n=47, 50%). Non-host reasons for abstaining included: lack of applicants (n=58, 41%); never considered it (n=40, 28%); insufficient staffing (n= 37, 26%); unsure where to start (n=34, 24%) or find/attract interns (n=34, 24%), and too time-consuming (n=25,18%). Additional reasons for nonparticipation included: lack of space; insufficient intern-suitable work; risk/liability; and agency policy. Both hosting and non-hosting agencies anticipated/realized student-related challenges (e.g., limited motivation, inconsistent availability, inadequate preparation) and agency-based factors (e.g., insufficient time, staffing). Given the ongoing need for suitable gerontology internship sites and the finding that almost half of the non-hosting agencies indicated possible future interest in accepting gerontology interns (n=80, 49%), attention to agency recommendations (e.g., increased faculty communication/feedback, stronger student commitment/preparation, recognition of agency contributions) is warranted. Strategies for addressing identified challenges and implementing requested changes to enhance the community agency experience with gerontology interns are discussed.
OPTIMIZING OLDER ADULT BLOOD PRESSURE SCREENING IN A COMMUNITY SETTING BY INTERPROFESSIONAL STUDENTS
Authors: Miller Erin , Charara Rima , Turfah Ali , Mendez Jennifer 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A novel program was implemented in an effort to optimize the blood pressure taking skills of medical and pharmacy students, in collaboration with older individuals in Detroit. Under the supervision of Interprofessional faculty, pharmacy and medical students provided blood pressure screenings at the popular Riverwalkers program, a community exercise program designed for older Detroiters. Prior to volunteering at the program, students were required to complete the AMA blood pressure modules to develop proficiency in blood measurement best practices. Over the course of two months, 72 students provided blood pressure screenings for 79 older individuals during 266 distinct encounters. We believe this program can serve as a model for other professional schools, as it efficiently accomplishes several distinct
IMPLEMENTING A HEALTHY BRAIN INITIATIVE IN THE NATION’S LARGEST COUNTY JURISDICTION
Authors: Kuo Tony , Barragan Noel , Reyes Mariana , Thomas Ariane 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In 2019, there were an estimated 166,857 Los Angeles County (LAC) residents living with Alzheimer’s disease. By 2040, this number is expected to rise by 150% to 405,382, with 152,980 and 35,341 of them, respectively, being Black and Latinx. Locally, there is special interest in reducing dementia risk among the two communities, as modifiable risk factors such as untreated hypertension, diabetes, and smoking are disproportionately higher in these groups (e.g., hypertension – Black, 35.9% vs. White, 27.3%; diabetes – Black and Latinx, 14.4% and 13.6%, respectively, vs. White, 8.8%). In LAC, considerable investments have been made to help create and implement the local arm of the California Healthy Brain Initiative (Healthy Brain Initiative: Los Angeles or HBI-LA). Launched in 2019, HBI-LA utilized a multi-level, multi-sector approach to expand the breadth and quality of tools available to the Black and Latinx communities and key stakeholders who work with these communities. The initiative set out to complete the following State-approved objectives: (i) educate the public and health professionals about dementia care and prevention; (ii) develop policies that improve access to health, aging, and prevention services for those with cognitive decline; and (iii) disseminate reliable, culturally sensitive information and tools to promote best practices on brain health. The present investigation examines the stepwise process that LAC took to achieve these objectives, including the development of two culturally tailored educational workshops (one for community members, one for healthcare and social services professionals) and how a U.S. Congressperson and County Supervisor supported dissemination efforts.
AGING IN COMMUNITY: LESSONS LEARNED IN THE FIRST YEAR OF DEVELOPING A GRASSROOTS, RURAL PROGRAM
Authors: Kinkade Emily , Hajdar Melisa , Fuller Heather 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The North Dakota Aging in Community project has an overarching goal of creating programs that improve the quality of life of rural older adults by increasing community-level support to help them age in place in two rural communities. The progress of program development and implementation was assessed across the project’s first year through program data and steering committee surveys. Program data, including steering committee meeting minutes and monthly activity reports completed by program staff, were qualitatively analyzed for successes, challenges, and lessons learned by finding common themes within these data. Successes included the use of an apprenticeship/mentorship model utilizing consultants from similar grassroots, rural organizations, recruitment of an optimistic, enthusiastic, and collaborative steering committee, and employing patience to develop community-led efforts based on unique community needs. Challenges included hiring qualified staff in rural communities, limitations in infrastructure opportunities, and need for creative marketing strategies. Survey results aligned with these conclusions, yet demonstrated the strengths and challenges related to incorporating the ideas and needs of diverse stakeholders. These findings highlight the unique challenges in developing programs to support rural aging-in-place, yet also highlight unique strategies that leverage rural strengths. Based on the findings of this first-year evaluation, future directions include conducting needs assessments to identify new avenues for program development, ensuring local program ownership through continued development of local steering committees, and continuing the mentorship/apprenticeship model while creating strategies to successfully foster independence. By sharing lessons learned, this program may serve as a replicable model to foster rural aging-in-place.
UNDER THE SAME ROOF: GRANDPARENTAL CO-RESIDENCE AND CO-PARENTING PATTERNS IN MODERN CHINESE FAMILIES
Authors: Zhou Shuai , Liu Chang , Bai Xue 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to examine the role of grandparental co-residence in shaping coparenting patterns in the Chinese family context. Using a sample of 5,795 children (Mean age = 6.74 years; SD = 3.82) from the China Family Panel Studies 2012-2018, we offered a novel typology of six coparenting patterns based on daytime and nighttime childcare information: a) grandparental care only (15.4%); b) grandparent-parent coparenting (10.9%); c) parental care only (44.5%); d) grandparent-private coparenting (4.2%); e) parent-private coparenting (16%); and f) private care only (e.g., paid nanny, nursery schools/kindergartens, and others, 9.1%). Fixed-effects multinominal logistic regression was applied to investigate the effects of grandparental co-residence on daytime and nighttime childcare, and on daily coparenting patterns over time, controlling for a set of child and parental characteristics and family conditions. Grandmother co-residence contributed to both daytime and nighttime grandparenting, while grandfather co-residence increased the likelihood of grandparenting and private care during the daytime. In terms of daily coparenting, grandmother co-residence was associated with increased probability of grandparent-parent coparenting as well as grandparent-private coparenting, while grandfather co-residence merely increased the likelihood of parent-private coparenting. It also found that child’s experience of separation with mother during the last year and mother’s employment were two key determinants of coparenting behavior in Chinese families. Findings suggest that co-residing grandparents, particularly grandmothers, may function as a kind of supplementary care resource in response to the lack of maternal childcare resulted from migration and labor force participation.
OPENING THE DOOR TO AGING IN PLACE: FINDINGS FROM THE INTERGENERATIONAL TORONTO HOMESHARE PROGRAM
Authors: Hsieh Jessica , Mirza Raza , Tanner Jackie , Bull Amanda , Gardiola Andrea , Moore Carley , Kelly-Adams Deirdre , Klinger Christopher 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Older adults prefer to live in their own homes for as long as possible — to 'age in place' — but for myriad reasons, may be unable to do so. To address this, a number of housing alternatives have been explored, including homesharing, or homeshare, an exchange-based shared housing approach with the potential to empower older adults to age in place by enabling them to obtain additional income, companionship, and assistance with completing household tasks in exchange for renting out a room in their home.An intergenerational homesharing pilot program in Toronto matched older adults (55+) with postsecondary students. With limited research in the area, a mixed methods research study was embedded within the pilot project with the goals of: 1) conducting a scoping review to map and synthesize the literature related to outcomes of homeshare participation for this population, 2) conducting in-depth interviews with homeshare participants (N=22) to learn about their experiences, and 3) conduct a full evaluation and exit survey to better understand the implications of the project. Results were organized around the following themes: (1) benefits and challenges of participating in homeshare for older adults; (2) intergenerational engagement as social exchange; and (3) the key role of agency facilitation as a determinant of the experience of homesharing for older adults. Results spoke to the unique benefits and challenges of participating in homeshare for this population. Findings were used to derive implications for policy and practice, as well as highlight areas for future research.
CHARACTERISTICS OF LONG-TERM HOME CARE PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Yamanaka Takashi , Mizuki Maiko , Kidana Kiwami , Yamaga Ryonosuke , Akishita Masahiro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of older adults with dementia receiving physician home visits. We prospectively registered 179 patients aged ≥65 years, estimated to receive physician home visits for over 6 months, in a clinic in Chiba, Japan, in 2020–2021. The patients’ mean (±SD) age was 85.1±7.4 years and ranged from 68 to 102 years. Out of the total patients, 57.5% were men. We collected clinical information; employed the Dementia Assessment Sheet in Community-based Integrated Care System 21 items (DASC-21) and EuroQOL five dimensions 5-level (EQ-5D-5L) every 6 months; and calculated the incidence of death. Eighty-two patients (45.8%) were diagnosed with dementia at the commencement of physician home visits. The characteristics of older adults diagnosed with dementia (D+ group) were compared with the characteristics of those who were not (D- group). The D+ group was older than the D- group (86.4±6.6 years vs. 84.1±8.0 years, p=0.04118). Total cholesterol levels and DASC-21 scores were higher in the D+ group compared to the D- group (180.2±41.7 vs. 163.7±51.2, p=0.04091; 62.3±14.5 vs. 50.2±16.2, p=0.00004, respectively). The EQ-5D-5L was not significantly different between the groups (0.439±0.255 vs. 0.397±0.267, p=0.32409). The proportion of those living in assisted living facilities or fee-based homes for the elderly was higher in the D+ group (χ2=8.5177, df=2, p=0.01414, V=0.2258). The mortality rate after 6 months was 20.7% in the D+ group and 16.5% in the D- group (χ2=0.5305, df=1, p=0.46641). In conclusion, the characteristics of patients with dementia should be further elucidated to provide better care.