bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
U-Pb ages of Gongga Shan granite, western Sichuan and its implication to the tectonic evolutions of eastern Tibet
Authors: Lee Yuan-Hsi , Cook Kristen L. , Tan Xi-Bin , Chu Mei-Fei , Chiu Han-Yi , Li Qui-Li , Shellnutt J. Gregory , Xu Xi-Wei 
Published: August 2023

The eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau has given rise to much debate about mechanisms of plateau uplift and evolution and, in particular, the role of the lower crust in crustal thickening. Knowledge of the middle to lower crust conditions is critical for evaluating various models of crustal deformation, but data on crustal evolution through time are lacking. Here, we turn to the Gongga Shan granite, an intrusion along the Xianshuihe fault in easternmost Tibet that directly records local Cenozoic crustal conditions. We present 124 U-Pb samples from the Gongga Shan granite (GSG) that prove that the crust has been stepwise producing partial melt from 56 Ma to 4 Ma. According to the age distribution, the GSG can be separated into four major groups with ages of 4–10 Ma, 12–20 Ma, 25–40 Ma, and 43–56 Ma. Combining the timing information with geophysics and low-temperature thermochronology data, we suggest that events younger than 10 Ma may indicate the onset of recent crustal channel flow in the middle to lower crust. In contrast, the youngest 4 Ma ages indicate the ongoing partial melting of the middle crust. The 12–20 Ma events could be related to an earlier stage of crustal channel flow, consistent with the regional large-scale crustal channel flow in central Tibet.
The “double-edged” role of progesterone in periodontitis among perimenopausal women undergoing or not undergoing scaling and root planing
Authors: Yan Shengjie , Man Ying , Lu Jun , Cui Liyun , Niu Feifei , Qin Jianyong 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveProgesterone (PG) is an important sex steroid hormone commonly administered to protect the endometrium in perimenopausal women. The present study aimed to explore differential responses of periodontitis to PG in perimenopausal women who did or did not undergo scaling and root planing (SRP).MethodsA total of 129 perimenopausal women with mild-to-moderate periodontitis were enrolled and underwent treatment as follows: SRP (n = 35); SRP + PG (n = 34); PG (n = 31); and no treatment (s) (n = 29). Pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured using periodontal probes. Three inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were measured using ELISA techniques.ResultsPPD, CAL, SBI, BOP, and levels of inflammatory factors in GCF were all significantly decreased in perimenopausal women with periodontitis after SRP. In patients who did not undergo SRP, 6 months of PG treatment significantly elevated PPD, SBI, BOP, and GCF levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α. In contrast, PG exhibited inhibitory effects on periodontal inflammation in patients who underwent SRP, evidenced by significantly decreased BOP and IL-6, and slightly decreased SBI, CRP, and TNF-α. PG-induced changes dissipated 6 months after withdrawal of PG (at 12 months).ConclusionsAmong perimenopausal women with periodontitis, PG enhanced periodontal inflammation in the absence of SRP but inhibited periodontal inflammation in those who underwent SRP.
Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction ameliorates allergic rhinitis and repairs the airway epithelial barrier by modulating the lung microbiota dysbiosis
Authors: Wei Xiaohan , Ding Mengze , Liang Xiao , Zhang Baoping , Tan Xiaomei , Zheng Zezhong 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disorder, that burdens general well-being. Although the lung is connected to the upper respiratory tract, which is rich in microorganisms, no studies have reported the relationship between lung microbiota and AR. Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction (MFXD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula that is widely used to treat AR in the clinic but its underlying mechanism remains unclear.HypothesisWe hypothesized that lung microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of AR, and MFXD can improve AR by regulating microbiota dysbiosis.MethodsThe ovalbumin-induced mouse AR model was used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of MFXD on AR. Then 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing, untargeted metabolomics, and other molecular biology technology were used to clarify the effects of MFXD on lung microbes dysbiosis and AR progression. Further, the human nasal epithelial cell line (HNEpCs) was used to evaluate the protective effect of MFXD on epithelial barrier damage caused by specific pathogens.ResultsMFXD decreased plasma histamine and IgE levels, ameliorated pathological damage, and diminished the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) in lung and nasal tissues. MFXD altered AR-induced microbiota dysbiosis in the lungs and also plasma metabolites. Oral administration of MFXD altered microbiota dysbiosis in lung and AR-associated metabolic disorders. The dominant bacteria in the lungs of AR mice damaged the airway barrier, and MFXD reversed this change.ConclusionThis study revealed the correlation between the lung microbiota and AR in the mice model. We confirmed that lung microbiota plays a vital role in AR and that MFXD reduced damage to the epithelial barrier of the lungs and nasal mucosa by regulating lung microbiota and plasma metabolism imbalances. Our research provides a reference for the effect of lung microbiota on AR and provides a new idea for the treatment of AR.
Protein kinase C epsilon activation regulates proliferation, migration, and epithelial to mesenchymal-like transition in rat Schwann cells
Authors: Mohamed Tasnim , Colciago Alessandra , Montagnani Marelli Marina , Moretti Roberta Manuela , Magnaghi Valerio 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionProtein kinase type C-ε (PKCε) plays an important role in the sensitization of primary afferent nociceptors, promoting mechanical hyperalgesia. In accordance, we showed that PKCε is present in sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), participating in the control of pain onset and chronification. Recently, it was found that PKCε is also implicated in the control of cell proliferation, promoting mitogenesis and metastatic invasion in some types of cancer. However, its role in the main glial cell of the PNS, the Schwann cells (SCs), was still not investigated.MethodsRat primary SCs culture were treated with different pharmacologic approaches, including the PKCε agonist dicyclopropyl-linoleic acid (DCP-LA) 500 nM, the human recombinant brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 1 nM and the TrkB receptor antagonist cyclotraxin B 10 nM. The proliferation (by cell count), the migration (by scratch test and Boyden assay) as well as some markers of SCs differentiation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process (by qRT-PCR and western blot) were analyzed.ResultsOverall, we found that PKCε is constitutively expressed in SCs, where it is likely involved in the switch from the proliferative toward the differentiated state. Indeed, we demonstrated that PKCε activation regulates SCs proliferation, increases their migration, and the expression of some markers (e.g., glycoprotein P0 and the transcription factor Krox20) of SCs differentiation. Through an autocrine mechanism, BDNF activates TrkB receptor, and controls SCs proliferation via PKCε. Importantly, PKCε activation likely promoted a partial EMT process in SCs.DiscussionPKCε mediates relevant actions in the neuronal and glial compartment of the PNS. In particular, we posit a novel function for PKCε in the transformation of SCs, assuming a role in the mechanisms controlling SCs' fate and plasticity.
Emotional regulation strategies in daily life: the intensity of emotions and regulation choice
Authors: Kozubal Magdalena , Szuster Anna , Wielgopolan Adrianna 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveEmotion regulation is an adaptive ability affecting people’s physical and mental health, quality of life and functioning. In the present study we focused on the influence of the intensity of experienced emotions on emotion regulation strategies (ERS) that are applied in everyday life.MethodsFor 7 days the participants kept an online diary where every day they described the situation which had aroused their strongest negative emotions. Next, they identified the emotions, their intensity and the type of applied strategies (acceptance vs. reappraisal vs. rumination vs. distraction vs. suppression). The study involved 88 peopleN= 88, which gives 538 observations.ResultsThe obtained results indicate that the intensity of emotions affects the choice of regulation strategies. When the intensity increases, people are more likely to choose the rumination strategy and less likely to choose the reappraisal strategy. However, the expected relationship between the intensity and the number of regulation strategies was not confirmed. In turn, it was gender (male) that turned out to be associated with a greater number of strategies used.ConclusionThe concern of this research was to look at making regulatory decisions in personally relevant and complex everyday situations. Although the emotions experienced in response to a difficult situation were varied, the intensity of the emotional experience was an important factor determining the choice of a regulation strategy. It indicates that this emotional dimension is a basic and determining aspect in people’s regulatory capabilities. These results also indicate that perhaps men in a situation perceived as stressful and worthy of emotional involvement use more regulatory strategies than women. These findings may find an application in all kinds of psychological interventions (e.g., psychotherapy, anger management therapies).
COVID-19 exposure and depression-anxiety levels among Saudi adults in the Jazan region: a study with a predominantly female and undergraduate sample
Authors: Busili Amani , Makrami Azizah , Keni Amnah , Khardily Alaa , Alzahrani Dalyah , Busaily Idris , Busayli Fatimah 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant mental health challenges worldwide, as evidenced by numerous studies indicating high levels of depression and anxiety among individuals. However, the extent of mental health disorders following the pandemic and the association between anxiety and depression and COVID-19 exposure levels in the Jazan region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have received little research attention.MethodsA convenience sample of 377 participants, predominantly female (85.4%) with undergraduate education (74.5%) and Saudi nationality (92.8%), was included in the study. The study utilized a self-administered questionnaire to collect data from participants between 1st August and 8th September 2022. The questionnaire consisted of four parts, including demographic characteristics, COVID-19 exposure, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression assessment, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD-7) for anxiety evaluation. Statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), and regression analysis were employed to analyze the collected data.ResultsThe mean age of the study participants was 30.97 years (SD = 9.072). The mean score for COVID-19 exposure was 2.98 (SD = 1.48). The mean level of depression was 7.83 (SD = 6.43), with 20% of participants experiencing moderate to severe depression. Additionally, the study found that the mean score of anxiety level among participants was 6.75 (SD = 6.57), with 26% of the participants experiencing moderate to severe anxiety. Independent t-test revealed significant differences in mean depression and anxiety scores between participants with varying COVID-19 exposure levels (p = 0.001). The regression analysis demonstrated that anxiety levels were significant predictors of depression (p &lt; 0.001). There is a significant difference in the depression mean between participants with high levels of anxiety (≥10) compared to others with levels &lt;10. Furthermore, significant predictors of anxiety levels included either student or unemployment status (p &lt; 0.001), increased age (≥35) (p = 0.049), female gender (p = 0.009), marital status of not being married, divorced, or widowed (p = 0.004), low monthly income (p = 0.019), and increased depression level (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThis study provides evidence of significant depression and anxiety levels among participants, with higher COVID-19 infection exposure correlating with increased scores for both. Anxiety was identified as a significant predictor of depression. Demographic factors, such as employment status, age, gender, and marital status, played a role in influencing anxiety levels. The findings highlight the need for targeted mental health interventions to address the psychological impact of COVID-19 infection exposure and support affected individuals effectively.
Diet quality and nutrient density in pregnant women according to adherence to Mediterranean diet
Authors: Castro-Barquero Sara , Larroya Marta , Crispi Fátima , Estruch Ramon , Nakaki Ayako , Paules Cristina , Ruiz-León Ana María , Sacanella Emilio , Freitas Tania , Youssef Lina , Benitez Leticia , Casas Irene , Genero Mariona , Gomez Silvia , Casanovas-Garriga Francesc , Gratacós Eduard , Casas Rosa , Crovetto Francesca 
Published: August 2023

Background and aimsThe dietary pattern followed during pregnancy, specifically healthy dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet, is a key factor in the mother’s and the offspring’s health. Pregnant women dietary intake is not enough to cover the micronutrient requirements of pregnancy, and higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet may improve dietary quality and nutritional density. The aim of the present study was to describe the dietary nutrient intake and diet quality during pregnancy and to evaluate whether a high adherence to Mediterranean diet was associated with a more adequate intake of micronutrients.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study with 1,356 pregnant women selected during the routine second trimester ultrasound scan (19–23 weeks’ gestation). Energy and nutrient intake were calculated using a validated 151-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and nutrient density was estimated dividing the absolute nutrient intake by total energy intake. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated with a 17-item Mediterranean diet adherence score. The criterion used for risk of inadequate nutrient intake has been set below two thirds (2/3) of the dietary reference intakes. The differences were assessed by multivariate linear regression models adjusted for confounders.ResultsA significant proportion of pregnant women had an inadequate intake of macro and micronutrient that was lower in those with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet (≥12 points, n = 122, 19%), including calcium (the Mediterranean diet high adherence 2.5% vs. low adherence 26.7%, p &lt; 0.001), magnesium (0% vs. 7.6%, p = 0.001), iron (24.5% vs. 74.1%, p &lt; 0.001), and vitamin B9 (0% vs. 29.8%, p &lt; 0.001), vitamin C (0% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.033), and vitamin D (61.5% vs. 92.8%, p &lt; 0.001) intake. High adherence to Mediterranean diet was associated with higher intake of protein, monounsaturated fatty acids, fiber, vitamins (B1, B9, C, D), calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, phosphor, potassium, essential fatty acids, and α-linolenic acid, and with a lower intake of α-linoleic acid and trans fatty acids as compared to low adherence to Mediterranean diet.ConclusionHigh adherence to Mediterranean diet was associated with higher diet quality and lower proportion of inadequate micro and macronutrient intake. The Mediterranean diet promotion, particularly among pregnant women, may be a useful and public health strategy to avoid overweight and nutrient deficiencies.
The role of network structure in integrated water management: a case study of collaboration and influence for adopting nature-based solutions
Authors: Castro Cyndi Vail , Carney Clint , de Brito Mariana Madruga 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIntegrated water management (IWM) involves a range of policies, actions, and organizational processes that go beyond traditional hydrology to consider multifaceted aspects of complex water resource systems. Due to its transdisciplinary nature, IWM comprises input from diverse stakeholders, each with unique perceptions, values, and experiences. However, stakeholders from differing backgrounds may disagree on best practices and collective paths forward. As such, successful IWM must address key governance principles (e.g., information flow, collective decision-making, and power relations) across social and institutional scales. Here, we sought to demonstrate how network structure impacts shared decision-making within IWM.MethodsWe explored a case study in Houston, Texas, USA, where decision-making stakeholders from various sectors and levels of governance engaged in a participatory modeling workshop to improve adoption of nature-based solutions (NBS) through IWM. The stakeholders used fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) to define an IWM model comprising multifaceted elements and their interrelationships, which influenced the adoption of NBS in Houston. We applied grounded theory and inductive reasoning to categorize tacit belief schemas regarding how stakeholders viewed themselves within the management system. We then used FCM-based modeling to explore how unique NBS policies would translate into more (or less) NBS adoption. Finally, we calculated specific network metrics (e.g., density, hierarchy, and centrality indices) to better understand the structure of human-water relations embedded within the IWM model. We compared the tacit assumptions about stakeholder roles in IWM against the quantitative degrees of influence and collectivism embedded within the stakeholder-defined model.Results and discussionOur findings revealed a mismatch between stakeholders' external belief statements about IWM and their internal assumptions through cognitive mapping and participatory modeling. The case study network was characterized by a limited degree of internal coordination (low density index), high democratic potential (low hierarchy index), and high-efficiency management opportunities (high centrality index), which transcended across socio-institutional scales. These findings contrasted with several of the belief schemas described by stakeholders during the group workshop. We describe how ongoing partnership with the stakeholders resulted in an opportunity for adaptive learning, where the NBS planning paradigm began to shift toward trans-scale collaboration aimed at high-leverage management opportunities. We emphasize how network analytics allowed us to better understand the extent to which key governance principles drove the behavior of the IWM model, which we leveraged to form deeper stakeholder partnerships by identifying hidden opportunities for governance transformation.
Cadmium up Taking and Allocation in Wood Species Associated to Cacao Agroforestry Systems and Its Potential Role for Phytoextraction
Authors: Galvis Donald A. , Jaimes-Suárez Yeirme Y. , Rojas Molina Jairo , Ruiz Rosalba , Carvalho Fabricio Eulalio Leite 
Published: August 2023

Trees in cacao Agroforestry systems (AFS) may present a high potential for cadmium (Cd) phytoextraction, helping to reduce Cd in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) plants grown in contaminated soils. To assess this potential, four forest fine-woody species commonly found in cacao high-productive sites in Colombia (Tabebuia rosea, Terminalia superba, Albizia guachapele, and Cariniana pyriformis) were exposed to contrasting CdCl2 contamination levels (0, 6, and 12 ppm) on a hydroponic medium. Growth dynamics, tolerance index (TI), and Cd concentration and allocation in leaves, stems, and roots were evaluated for up to 90 days after initial exposure. T. superba, A. guachapele, and C. pyriformis were classified as moderately tolerant (TI > 0.6), and T. rosea was considered a sensitive species (TI < 0.35) under 12 ppm Cd contamination. Despite showing a high stem Cd concentration, C. pyriformis also showed the lowest relative growth rate. Among the evaluated forest species, A. guachapele exhibited the highest Cd accumulation capacity per plant (2.02 mg plant−1) but also exhibited a higher Cd allocation to leaves (4%) and a strong decrease in leaf and stem dry mass after 90 days of exposure (~75% and 50% respectively, compared to control treatments). Taking together all the favorable features exhibited by T. superba as compared to other CAFS tree species and recognized phytoextractor tree species in the literature, such as Cd hyperaccumulation, high tolerance index, low Cd concentration in leaves, and high Cd allocation to the stem (harvestable as wood), this species is considered to have a high potential for cadmium phytoextraction in cocoa agroforestry systems.
Berlim Reconquistada
Authors: Fiori Arantes Otília Beatriz 
Published: August 2023

O presente ensaio, na verdade mais uma crônica, que poderia também se intitular Berlim ano 2000, é o resultado de uma revisão bibliográfica e uma verificação in loco em torno das transformações urbanas berlinenses após a Queda do Muro, observadas e documentadas em viagem da Autora a Berlim em 2000, ao mesmo tempo recuando e comparando às inciativas do IBA (Internationale Bauausstellung Berlin) dos anos 80 – também visitadas por ela no ano de 1990, quando o processo de reunificação se iniciava. Ou seja, um projeto da Alemanha de criar uma metrópole ímpar, uma capital não apenas local mas mundial, que se apresentasse enfim ao mundo como um grande centro empresarial e cultural, cuja arquitetura de ponta a faria brilhar na forma de uma Cultural Global City. Inclusive estabelecendo, seja pelas inúmeras atividades culturais (tradicionais ou alternativas), seja pela variedade física, funcional e social, um contraste nítido com o resto do Ocidente: a Cultura (alemã) versus a Civilização (liberal, burguesa, filistina etc.). O grande trunfo desta renascença da capital reconquistada seria a tão decantada Mischung, cujo coração, ou símbolo máximo, segundo a Autora, foi a reconstrução da Potsdamer Platz, na sua variedade arquitetônica, de funções e, pretensamente, humana, com seus espaços culturais e de recreação junto a residências e escritórios (onde estariam representadas algumas das maiores empresas alemãs, Sony, Daimler-Benz e Brown-Bovery) – uma verdadeira plaque tournante no coração das duas Berlins. Ao mesmo tempo o texto acompanha as diferentes mudanças que vão ocorrendo tanto no antigo Mitte, como nos diferentes bairros de Berlim Leste e Oeste (em nome de uma diversidade nem tão visível assim...), retrocedendo sua análise crítica aos esforços, sempre pautados pela ideologia da “mistura”, como os da Bauhaus, ao criar, desde os anos 20, as Siedlungs - em substituição às Mietkasernen do início de século -, e aos conjuntos habitacionais da RDA.
Passados 20 anos, muitos dados ou prognósticos podem ter se alterado, mas o essencial das tendências que então já se desenhavam, apesar das boas intenções que pudessem nortear mais esta estratégia de pôr em funcionamento uma grande máquina de crescimento – no caso, azeitada pela cultura –, certamente ainda podem ser consideradas atuais. De qualquer modo, acreditamos ser um documento importante para as discussões de Otilia Arantes sobre os Planos Estratégicos, adotados pela corrida grandes cidades em disputa por supremacia global, e certamente não só no plano das imagens.
Palavras-chave: Berlim, Berlim Leste, Berlim Oeste, Berliner Ensemble, Brown-Bovery, Bundestag, Capital Cultural Mundial, Chancelaria, Cine Imax, Daimler-Benz, Filarmônica de Berlim, Global City, Grésillon, Hans Kollhoff, Hans Scharoun, Höfe, IBA, Kreutberg, Leipziger Platz, Microcidade-evento, Mietkasernen, Mischung, Mistura, Mitte, Muro de Berlim, Norman Foster, Prinzlauer Berg, Potsdamer Platz, Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers, Sony Center, Staatsoper, Stefan Krätke.