bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Crop Classification through Remote Sensing: Landsat 8-9 Fusion and Feature Selection
Authors: Ramzan Zeeshan , Ahmed Nisar , Akram Qurat-ul-Ain , Asif Shahzad , Shahbaz Muhammad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Remote sensing offers a highly effective method for obtaining accurate information on total cropped area and crop types. The study focuses on crop cover identification for irrigated regions of Central Punjab. Data collection was executed in two stages: the first involved identifying and geocoding six target crops through field surveys conducted in January and February 2023. The second stage involved acquiring Landsat 8-9 imagery for each geocoded field to construct a labeled dataset. The satellite imagery underwent extensive pre-processing, including radiometric calibration for reflectance values, atmospheric correction, and georeferencing verification to ensure consistency within a common coordinate system. Subsequently, image fusion techniques were applied to combine spectral bands from both Landsat 8 and 9, creating a composite image with enhanced spectral information, followed by contrast enhancement. During data acquisition , farmers were interviewed, and fields were meticulously mapped using GPS instruments, resulting in a comprehensive dataset of 50,835 data points. This dataset facilitated the extraction of vegetation indices such as NDVI, SAVO, RECI, and NDRE. These indices, along with raw reflectance values, were utilized for classification modeling using conventional classifiers, ensemble learning, and artificial neural networks. Additionally, a feature selection approach was incorporated to identify the optimal feature set for classification learning. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of combining remote sensing data and 1 advanced modeling techniques to improve crop classification accuracy in irrigated agricultural regions.
Urinary tract infections among pregnant women in rural West Amhara, Ethiopia: Prevalence, bacterial etiology, risk factors, and antimicrobial resistance patterns
Authors: Derebe Mulatu Melese , Paladhi Unmesha Roy , Workneh Firehiwot , Munshea Abaineh , Yismaw Gizachew , Yibeltal Kalkidan , Fasil Nebiyou , Worku Alemayehu , Gebreyesus Tsehaynesh , Tafere Wudu , Tsega Alem , Christian Parul , Molina Rose L. , Wylie Blair J. , Berhane Yemane , Lee Anne CC 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) in pregnant women can lead to pyelonephritis and preterm birth. We assessed UTI prevalence, etiology, antimicrobial resistance, and associated risk factors among pregnant women receiving antenatal care in rural Amhara, Ethiopia. 604 pregnant women were screened for UTI at ≤ 24 weeks gestational age from August 2020 to June 2022. Urine culture, dipstick, and antibiotic sensitivity testing were completed. We conducted descriptive statistics for prevalence and logistic regression to examine UTI risk factors. UTI prevalence was 3.5% (21/604, 95%CI = 2.0%-4.9%), among which 43% were symptomatic and 57% were asymptomatic. Common uropathogens were Escherichia coli (57.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.3%), and Enterococcus faecalis (14.3%). Among all isolates, resistance was high for ampicillin (66.7%) and amoxicillin-clavulanate (40.0%). The majority of isolates (76.2%) were susceptible to nitrofurantoin, cotrimoxazole, and cefpodoxime. Maternal age > 20 years was a protective factor against UTI (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.10–0.77; ref < 20 years). Urine dipstick (nitrite or leukocyte esterase) had low sensitivity (37.5%) but higher specificity (93.9%) to identify positive culture. This study emphasizes the high resistance to first-line antibiotics used in pregnancy and the need for accurate, low-cost UTI screening methods in LMICs.
FGM-Copula based Analysis of Physical Layer Security in Wireless Wiretap Channels with UAV Transmitter and Two-Sided Side Information
Authors: Asghari Hana , Hodtani Ghosheh Abed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Physical layer security, as an important practical concept, in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assisted channels has been studied in the literature, where, impacts of side information and or correlation of wireless channel coefficients have not been considered. In this paper, having briefly reviewed (the discrete memoryless side information channel, physical secure rate and copula function theory), a continuous alphabet wiretap channel with UAV transmitter and two-sided side information is considered. For this channel, we obtain closed form expressions for secrecy capacities in two cases: (i) Gaussian channel with constant channel coefficients; (ii) Gaussian wireless channel with correlated coefficients by using FGM copula function to describe the correlations. Through obtained secrecy rates, we analyse the impacts of (a) UAV situation for transmitter (b) two-sided non-causal side information and (c) correlation between channel coefficients on the achievable rates. Then, analytical results are numerically assessed across various correlation structures, both with and without side information. The findings demonstrate that correlated fading adversely impacts security performance in different scenarios, while the presence of side information enhances security performance.
Sensor Infused Quantum CNN for Diabetes Disease Prediction and Diet Recommendation
Authors: Kotwal Jameer , Futane Pravin , Chavan Gurunath , Chaudhari Archana , Jose Jithina , Khan Vajid 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Diabetes management requires evidence-based recommendations that enable people to manage their health. A rising diabetes rate can lead to significant health risks and financial hardships. An early diagnosis and efficient treatment are essential to reduce the effects of diabetes. With dietary recommendations and other essential components of diabetes care, complications from diabetes may be reduced, and health can be enhanced. In this paper, a novel Sensor infused QUantum CNN for diabetes Identification and Diet recommendation (SQUID) technique has been proposed, which identifies diabetes using an IoT system and provides diet recommendations for reducing diabetes. The proposed SQUID system collects data from remote patients using IoT sensors and uses the Namib Beetle Optimization (NBO) technique to select the features. The prediction phase uses the Quantum CNN technique for classifying the input into diabetes and non-diabetes. After prediction, the suggestion phase will provide the diet recommendation using the fuzzy rule for the person affected with diabetes through the mobile application. The efficacy of the proposed SQUID framework has been assessed using specific parameters such as Accuracy (AC), Precision (PN), F1 score (F1_S), Recall (RL) and Diagnostic Odds Ratio (DOR). The SQUID framework achieves a higher AC of 98.69%, whereas HCBDA, IWBSOA and e-diagnosis achieve the AC of 92%, 94%, and 96.5%. The proposed SQUID achieved an 89.90% diagnostic odds ratio where the existing HCBDA reached 69.58%, Health-Edge reached 53.86% and IWBSOA obtained a 72.93% diagnostic odds ratio respectively.
A ratiometric electrochemical sensor based on Cu@Ni/MWCNTs for detection of chloramphenicol
Authors: Liu Xiaoxue , Wang Dongyang , Xu Rongxuan , Gao Xing , Han Mingyang , Guo Yurong , Yu Lei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Signal label features robust stability and sensitivity is crucial for achieving precise electrochemical analysis. In this work, a novel signal tag was successfully designed by means of two-step reduction approach, in which CuNi nanoparticles (CuNi NPs) uniformly distributed on the surface of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). This composites not only inherits excellent conductivity and surface area of MWCNTs, but also endows the material with superior electrocatalytic performance due to the introduction of CuNi NPs. Then, a ratiometric sensing platform coupled with built-in correction ability for convenient direct determination of chloramphenicol (CAP) was exploited, wherein Cu@Ni/MWCNTs were used as signal label and ferrocene (Fc) as internal reference. It is noteworthy that ratiometric measurement was performed by directly incorportating Fc into the electrolyte solution. The profound investigation into the sensing performance of the implemented sensor revealed that Cu@Ni/MWCNTs nanocomposites exhibit satisfactory electrocatalytic activity and stability. Additionally, the integration of the ratiometric strategy markedly enhanced the reliability and repeatability and exhibited decent performance in CAP determination varying from 0.01 µM to 10 µM. Overall, the corporation of Cu@Ni/MWCNTs with excellent electrocatalytic ability as well as elaborated ratiometric method makes it a valuable tool for future assaying an extensive range of substances.
Multicancer analyses of short tandem repeat variations reveal shared gene regulatory mechanisms
Authors: Xia Feifei , Verbiest Max , Lundström Oxana , Sonay Tugce Bilgin , Baudis Michael , Anisimova Maria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background Short tandem repeats (STRs) have been reported to influence gene expression across various human tissues. While STR variations are enriched in colorectal (CRC), stomach (STAD) and endometrial (UCEC) cancers, particularly in microsatellite instable (MSI) tumors, their functional effects and regulatory mechanisms on gene expression remain poorly understood across these cancer types.
Results Here, we leverage whole-exome sequencing and gene expression data to identify STRs for which repeat lengths are associated with the expression of nearby genes (eSTRs) in CRC, STAD and UCEC tumors. Our analyses reveal that tumor STR profiles effectively capture both MSI phenotype and population structure. While most eSTRs are cancer-specific, shared eSTRs across multiple cancers exhibit consistent effects on gene expression. Notably, coding-region eSTRs identified in all three cancer types show positive correlations with nearby gene expression. We further validate the functional effects of eSTRs by demonstrating associations between somatic eSTR mutations and gene expression changes during the transition from normal to tumor tissues, suggesting their potential roles in tumorigenesis. Combined with DNA methylation data, we perform the first quantitative analysis of the interplay between STR variations and 1 DNA methylation in tumors. We identify eSTRs where repeat lengths are associated with methylation levels of nearby CpG sites (meSTRs) and show that over 70% of eSTRs are significantly linked to local DNA methylation. Importantly, the effects of meSTRs on DNA methylation remain consistent across cancer types.
Conclusions Overall, our findings enhance the understanding of how functional STR variations influence gene expression and DNA methylation. Our study highlights shared regulatory mechanisms of STRs across multiple cancers, offering a foundation for future research into their broader implications in tumor biology.
High quality de novo long read genome assembly and annotation of resistance protein families for saw toothed grain beetle
Authors: Almansouri Hatim 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Saw-toothed grain beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis) negatively impacts food products, which are considered as common insect pests in several countries. This study reports 159 Mb high quality long reads de novo genome assembly of O. surinamensis using PacBio-Sequel sequencing technology. The genome was assembled into 3043 contigs with the largest contigs 2.35 Mb and N50 length of 0.177 Mb, L50 171 contigs, 255.8X coverage, GC content of 29.69%, 54,156 microsatellite sequences and BUSCO evaluation revealed 98.6%. Genome annotation identified 11,227 genes and predicted 34,082 protein-coding genes (93.6% Busco score), of which 32,173 (94.39%) were annotated by Pfam database. The annotation of protein families identified important genes for pesticide and Enironmental resistance. Furthermore, Wolbachia endosymbiotic identified with 1.93 Mb genome size and 2060 predicted genes while Candidatus Shikimatogenerans Silvanidophilus endosymbiotic identified with 1.92 Mb genome size and 1223 predicted genes. This study provides a new reference genome and comprehensive resource for O. surinamensis and highlights important genes and pathways that influence agriculture.
The recipe similarity network: a new powerful algorithm to extract relevant information from cookbooks
Authors: Bellingeri Michele , Badia Axel Bidon-Chanal , Rigat Marta Vila , Alfieri Roberto , Turchetto Massimiliano , Cassi Davide 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study integrates network science and intersection graph theory to analyze the structural properties of recipe networks in Catalan cuisine. Using three distinct cookbooks, two traditional and one haute cuisine, we construct the recipe similarity networks by linking recipes based on shared ingredients, with link weights reflecting ingredient similarity. We explore how different methodological approaches, such as the substitution of recipes/ingredients with their composing ingredients and link weight normalization, influence network structure, and node centrality. Our analysis reveals that recipe similarity networks are highly interconnected but exhibit structural differences across cuisines, particularly in haute cuisine, which features more specialized recipes. Node centrality metrics identify key recipes that define culinary traditions, such as "Allioli" in traditional Catalan cuisine and "Becada con brioche de su salmis" in haute cuisine. We also develop a community detection algorithm based on link removal and clique identification, which uncovers tightly-knit recipe groups. This study enhances the field of computational gastronomy and provides a methodological foundation that can be integrated with artificial intelligence techniques to enhance recipe personalization, food recommendations, and gastronomic innovation.
Therapeutic Effects of Tea Polyphenols on Renal Damage Induced by High Uric Acid
Authors: Liu Lingjuan , Shuai Lanjun , He Siyi , Xiang Wei , He Xiaojie 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a condition characterized by excessive
uric acid production and/or inadequate uric acid excretion due to abnormal purine
metabolism in the human body. Uric acid deposits resulting from HUA can lead to complications
such as renal damage. Currently, drugs used to treat HUA lack specificity and
often come with specific toxic side effects.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the renal protective effects of an optimized
tea polyphenol formula and allopurinol in a rat model of hyperuricemia following renal
resection. The goal was to explore the mechanisms underlying these effects.

Methods:
Initially, a blend was formulated based on the distinctive functions of catechins,
thearubigins, tea polysaccharides, and theanine. Orthogonal experiments were
then employed to select a rational combination. A 5/6 renal resection rat model was successfully
established, and the animals were fed a 2% oxonic acid diet to induce hyperuricemia.
Urinary protein content was measured using the biuret method, and serum levels
of uric acid, creatinine, and urea nitrogen were determined biochemically. Kidney
pathology was examined through HE staining and renal tubulointerstitial pathological
scoring. The expression of α-SMA, CD34, PCNA, and TGF-β in renal tissue was detected
using immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells was assessed
using the TUNEL method.

Results:
Hyperuricemia markedly worsens renal damage in rats following nephrectomy,
while tea polyphenols demonstrate the ability to reduce levels of blood uric acid, urea nitrogen,
creatinine, and urinary protein. Additionally, tea polyphenols enhance smooth
muscle proliferation in renal glomerular arterioles, prevent the loss of interstitial capillaries,
alleviate apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells, promote their proliferation,
and reduce interstitial fibrosis. A significant improvement in the severity of renal damage
is observed in rats subjected to nephrectomy combined with hyperuricemia, and this
effect surpasses that of allopurinol.

Conclusion:
Tea polyphenols could effectively alleviate renal damage in rats with
nephrectomy combined with hyperuricemia. They demonstrate high cost-effectiveness
and minimal side effects, positioning them as a promising new therapeutic option for hyperuricemia-
induced renal damage.
CDK2 Allosteric Modulators: The New Route in the Design of New Drugs as Anticancer and Non-hormonal Contraceptives
Authors: Culletta Giulia , Almerico Anna Maria , Tutone Marco 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
CDK2 plays a pivotal role in controlling the cell cycle progression in eukaryotes
and for this reason, it has been the subject of several studies for suitable inhibitors in
the last decades. But more than 30 years of basic research have not generated an inhibitor as
marketed drugs. Some inhibitors are to date in early phase clinical development. Moreover,
most efforts to develop CDK2 inhibitors have been oriented towards orthosteric inhibitors,
which block the kinase activity by binding to the ATP binding site, competing directly
with ATP. These compounds have off-target kinase activity, because of the structural
homology of the active sites of several other kinases. Targeting the CDK2 allosteric
binding pocket could produce successful CDK2 inhibitors. Few examples of high-affinity
allosteric CDK2 inhibitors are known. Despite promising research results, none has been
approved for marketing. In recent years, various methodologies have been reported capable
of identifying new and never-discovered portions of the target protein, which present
adequate druggability characteristics. In this paper, we have highlighted and discussed the
more recent findings on allosteric inhibitors intending to encouraging further exploration
mainly focused on in silico drug discovery.
Therapeutic Role of Scutellarein in Neurological Disorders
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Bai Sucharitha , Shukla Rahul , Naqvi Saba 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Scutellarein, a flavone found in the perennial herb Scutellaria baicalensis, has a wide range of pharmacological
actions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective. Increasing evidence has emphasized
the developing significance of scutellarein in several neurological illnesses, such as Alzheimer's and
Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemia, and neuroblastoma. This review is centered on the molecular processes
that underlie the neuroprotective properties of scutellarein in various neurological disorders, as indicated by recent
pre-clinical research. Furthermore, it critically examines the potential challenges and advantages of scutellarein
inclusion within the range of treatments for neurological disorders.
BACE-1 and ADAM-10 as Potential Peripheral Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Cervellati Carlo , Trentini Alessandro , zuin Marco , Mola Gianmarco , Riccetti Raffaella , Manfrinato Cristina , Sergi Domenico , Multhaup Gerhard , Zuliani Giovanni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Amyloid beta (Aβ) dyshomeostasis is considered the main biological aberration in Alzheimer’s Disease
(AD) pathology. The interplay between Aβ formation and clearance is predominantly modulated by a disintegrin
and a metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10, α-secretase) and β-site APP Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1), the
two pivotal enzymes in both non-amyloidogenic/amyloidogenic and amyloidolytic pathways. Emerging evidence
suggests that aberrations in ADAM10 and BACE1 expression, activity, and function in the brain of AD
patients also manifest in peripheral fluids, suggesting their potential as blood-based biomarkers for AD diagnosis.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the literature by exploring the roles of ADAM10 and
BACE1 in AD, spanning from their involvement as pathological AD drivers to their potential utility as promising
biomarkers.
Recent Advances in the Application of Sulfonic Acid Chitosan as Heterogenous Organocatalyst in Organic Reactions
Authors: de Jesus Iva Souza , de Pontes Juliana Baptista , de Carvalho Alcione Silva , Ferreira Patrícia Garcia , de Souza Acácio Silva , da Silva Fernando de Carvalho , Flosi Paschoalin Vania Margaret , Futuro Debora Omena , Ferreira Vitor Francisco 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
Chitosan is a natural biopolymer derived from chitin present in the exoskeletons of crustaceans. Its
diverse applications span biomedical products, agriculture, and cosmetics. Notably, chitosan has been effectively
utilized for chemical modifications and stabilizing homogeneous catalysts. Among these modifications, doping
with acids or inorganic salts stands out. In some cases, acid chitosan exhibits superior catalytic activity
compared to the unmodified form. This review aimed to elucidate recent advancements in acidic chitosan as a
renewable and recoverable catalyst for various reactions. The discussion encompasses different doping methods
using organic acids and inorganic salts to highlight the development in this field.
Restricted Rotation about the C-N Bond in Thienopyridine Derivatives: NMR and DFT Study
Authors: Lodha Kamlesh , Shinde Vaishali , Shewale Maneesha , Gejji Shridhar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
N-acyl tetrahydrothienopyridine derivatives serve as important structural motifs in bioorganic chemistry.
Restricted rotation of C-N bond in such molecules gives rise to two distinct chemical environments.
Thienopyridine derivatives 4a-4i were synthesized and characterised by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The
NMR spectra reveal a doubling of signals, which suggests the presence of two rotamers in the solution. Variable
temperature (VT) 1H-NMR studies supported this hypothesis. The NOESY analysis confirmed that Zrotamer
is present in major form as compared to E-rotamer. The results were further corroborated through density
functional theoretic calculations.

background:
N-acyl tetrahydrothienopyridine derivatives are widespread and important structural motif in bioorganic chemistry. Restricted rotation of C-N bond in such molecules gives rise to two distinct chemical environments

objective:
We observed doubling of signals in 1H NMR spectra of N-acyl tetrahydrothienopyridines derivatives. Herein, attempts were taken to investigate the cause and isomeric equilibrium ratio due to the rotation barrier of the amide bond using the different NMR experiments and DFT studies. We also studied the effect of substituents on molecular geometry and the equilibrium between E/Z diastereomers of thienopyridine derivatives 4a-4g.

method:
The NMR spectra of these derivatives revealed doubling of signals, which suggested presence of two rotamers in solution. Variable-temperature (VT) 1H-NMR studies supported this hypothesis. NOESY analysis confirmed that Z-rotamer is present in major form as compare to E-rotamer. To support these studies, we used DFT calculations to understand the pattern of the 1H NMR chemical shifts, the energies of Z/E rotamers and their intramolecular magnetic effects.

result:
We have synthesized different N-acyl tetrahydrothienopyridine derivatives 3, 4a-4g (Fig. 3). The 1H NMR spectra of all these compounds showed doubling of signals due to the restricted rotation about C-N bond. The ratio of isomers was found to be different for each compound. To investigate the effect of substituents on the isomer ratio, we compared our results with parent compounds; N-acetyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine (4h) and N-acyl-piperidine (4i)