bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Coprinus comatus Terhadap Kadar SGOT dan SGPT Pada Tikus Putih Model Diabetes
Authors: Zahra Jauza Ulya , Ratnaningtyas Nuniek Ina , Hernayanti Hernayanti 
Published: September 2023

Jamur Coprinus comatus merupakan salah satu jamur yang dapat berkhasiat sebagai obat. Tubuh buah jamur C. comatus mengandung antioksidan seperti flavonoid, total fenol, tokoferol dan polisakarida, serta beberapa senyawa aktif yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan, imunomodulator, antikanker, antitumor, hipolipidemik dan hipoglikemik. Flavonoid sebagai antioksidan dapat menangkal radikal bebas dengan cara mendonorkan H+ dan menghentikan peroksidasi lipid, sehingga dapat menurunkan kadar Serum Glutamat Oksaloasetat Transaminase (SGOT) dan Serum Glutamat Piruvat Transaminase (SGPT) dalam darah. Hal ini terjadi karena peningkatan produksi radikal bebas seperti reactive oxygen species (ROS) yang dipicu oleh kondisi hiperglikemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol C. comatus terhadap kadar SGOT dan SGPT darah tikus putih model diabetes serta mengetahui konsentrasi dosis ekstrak etanol C. comatus yang efektif terhadap kadar SGOT dan SGPT darah tikus putih model diabetes. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 6 perlakuan, yaitu Kontrol Positif (K+), Kontrol Negatif (K-), Kontrol Pembanding (KP), Perlakuan 1 (P1), Perlakuan 2 (P2) dan Perlakuan 3 (P3). Penelitian ini menggunakan tikus putih (Ratus norvegicus) jantan berumur 2-3 bulan dengan berat badan 200 gram. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Varians (ANOVA) dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%, apabila perlakuan berpengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok perlakuan yang diberi ekstrak etanol C. comatus menunjukkan kadar SGOT dan SGPT yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan tikus kontrol negatif. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol C. comatus efektif dalam mengobati diabetes melitus. Ekstrak etanol C. comatus dosis 500 mg/kg BB diketahui merupakan dosis yang paling efektif diantara ketiga dosis perlakuan untuk menurunkan kadar SGOT dan SGPT.
Kata Kunci: Coprinus comatus, diabetes melitus, SGOT, SGPT, tikus.
The Effect of Salak (Salacca zalacca) Leaf Silage in Complete Feed on Digestibility and Characteristics In vitro Fermantation
Authors: Nasution Riska Romaito , Trisna Ade , Ginting Simon P 
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to establish the best proportion of salakleaf silage utilisation in complete feed based on dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, pH value, VFA generation, and NH3 concentration. The method used in this study was experimental with a 4 x 4 Randomized Block Design (RBD), using four distinct treatment ratios and 4 times rumen fluid collection as a repeat group. The percentage of salakleaf treatments in complete feed were: P0 (15% elephant grass in complete feed), P1 (15% salakleaf in complete feed), P2 (30% salakleaves in complete feed) and P3 (45% salak leaves in complete feed). The observed variables consisted of dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, pH value, VFA production, and NH3 concentration. The mathematical model used is an analysis of variance and if there are differences between treatments it is continued with the DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) test (Steel and Torrie, 1991). The results revealed that the treatment ration had no significant (P>0.05) influence on pH value and had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, VFA production, and NH3 concentration. This study concluded that using 30% silage of salakleaves in complete feed could maintain the pH value and increase the dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, pH value, VFA production, and NH3 concentration.
Receptor-Independent Antipsychotic Therapies for Forensic Detainees with Schizophrenia-Dementia Comorbidity
Authors: Sfera Adonis , Andronescu Luminita , Britt William G , Himsl Kiera , Klein Carolina , Rahman Leah , Kozlakidis Zisis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Forensic institutions throughout the country house patients with severe psychiatric illness and history of criminal violations. Improved medical care, hygiene, and nutrition led to unmatched longevity in this population which previously lived on average 15 to 20 years shorter than the public at large. On the other hand, longevity has contributed to increased prevalence of age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, which complicate clinical management.
Forensic institutions, originally intended for the treatment of younger individuals, are ill-equipped for the growing number of older offenders. Moreover, as antipsychotic drugs became available in 1950s and 1960s, we are observing the first generation of forensic detainees who had aged on dopamine blockers. Although the consequences of long-term treatment with these agents are unclear, schizophrenia-associated gray matter loss, may contribute to the development of early dementia.
Taken together, increased lifespan and subsequent cognitive deficit observed in long-term psychiatric institutions brought forth questions and dilemmas unencountered by the previous generations of clinicians, such as:
1.	Does the presence of neurocognitive dysfunction justify antipsychotic dose reduction or discontinuation despite a lifelong history of schizophrenia and violent behavior?
2.	Should neurolipidomic interventions become the standard of care in elderly individuals with lifelong schizophrenia and dementia?
3.	Can patients with schizophrenia and dementia meet the Dusky standard and stand trial?
4.	Should neurocognitive disorders in elderly with lifelong schizophrenia be treated differently than age-related neurodegeneration?
In this article, we describe strategies for potentially slowing the development of neurocognitive disorders in forensic patients with chronic mental illness by adopting a three-prong strategy:
1.	Approaching lifelong psychosis from microbial and immunological perspective.
2.	Identify modifiable risk factors for age-related diseases in forensic institutions.
3.	Utilizing novel receptor-independent treatments for chronic psychosis.
A Near-Miss in Clinical Outcomes Research Data Collection
Authors: Earp Brandon E. , Benavent Kyra A. , Blazar Philip E. , Zhang Dafang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
We present the case of a near-miss in clinical research to illustrate a situation in which errors in data collection would have led to different results in the data analysis, with the potential for drawing incorrect conclusions. Conclusions based on data errors may adversely influence future medical decision-making in patient care. In the interest of presenting this as an educational, nonpunitive, quality-improvement report, the study and the involved researchers remain anonymous, and the specific details and exact number of patients are not reported.
Strategies to Increase the Spanish-Speaking Workforce in Orthopaedic Surgery within the United States
Authors: Rodarte Patricia , Garavito Jorge , Medina Pérez Giancarlo , Farias Michael , Hernandez Victor H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Language-concordant care improves patient satisfaction. Given the increase in Spanish-speaking persons requiring orthopaedic care in the United States, it is essential to increase the Spanish-speaking workforce in orthopaedic surgery. We have proposed strategies to improve the proportion of Spanish-speaking orthopaedic surgeons in the U.S. through early exposure to orthopaedic surgery, by creating collaborative advancement and mentorship opportunities, by endorsing Spanish-language immersion opportunities, and by increasing workforce diversity awareness. Furthermore, we have suggested a strategy to better equip non-Spanish-speaking orthopaedic surgeons while caring for Spanish-speaking patients. Together, the suggested strategies offer a variety of approaches that can have a direct, tangible impact on optimizing orthopaedic care while enhancing patient-physician communication in the Spanish language.
Co-Location of Hybrid Offshore Renewables for Off-Grid Electrification: Case Study on North Sea Assets
Authors: Nassar W. , Aboushady Ahmed A. , Slorach Paul , Miller Mark 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Operators in the North Sea are looking for solutions to reduce their carbon emissions to meet the North Sea Transition Authority's target of carbon-neutral assets by 2050. Wind energy as an offshore mature technology has been adopted in all electrification concepts proposed for neutralizing assets emissions, despite its challenges in terms of intermittency and seasonal availability. These challenges would limit the penetration level of renewable energy due to a higher Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) which is recorded with scenarios based on wind energy only. This study investigates the technical and economic feasibility of an islanded (off-grid) microgrid comprising a mix of renewable energy resources such as wave energy, floating solar PV and floating offshore wind for electrification of offshore assets. A case study is presented considering assets in the Central North Sea area to validate the level of battery storage capacity needed and LCOE using various mixes of renewable resources available. Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software is used as a specialist platform for the optimization of renewable energy systems to obtain the optimal share of different energy resources at various penetration levels of renewable energy. The outcome of this paper is promising where the system LCOE and the size of the battery storage are dramatically reduced by considering a mix of renewable energy resources instead of a wind-only scenario. The idea of the renewable mix, proposed in this paper, proves that electrification with higher penetration levels could be achieved with lower LCOE which is a milestone for achieving net-zero assets.
Journey Towards Near Zero Flaring - A Case Study
Authors: Almubayedh Mohammed , Alsanad Abdullmajeed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Saudi Aramco (SA) took a long and patient journey to reduce flaring, which has gone through several phases of growth and progression. The journey began with the development of the Master Gas System (MGS). That enable the company to achieve zero routine flaring as per the world bank definition. Today, Saudi Aramco achieved a remarkable flaring intensity of 4.60 scf/boe. This figure amounts to less than 1% of raw gas production.
A Generic Methodology for Predicting the Longevity of Offshore Infrastructure
Authors: Olatunde M. , Sriramula S. , Siddiq A. M. , Akisanya A. R. , Brixton A. D. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
When structures are commissioned, they deteriorate with time. The time to failure of a structure is a function of the mode and rate of overall deterioration of the structure. Considering all the deterioration mechanisms and failure modes possible for detailed analysis is a complicated and inefficient endeavour. Hence, it is useful to streamline efforts by performing Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) analysis (subjective and objective) before performing more detailed analyses. In this paper the methodology for developing a clear path through this process is presented and a case study for deep sea pipelines at cessation of production is presented to highlight the practicability of the methodology presented.
The Multi Criteria Decision Making analysis involves weighing different failure modes against probable risk factors based on expert judgement and existing literature. This is to select the failure mode with the highest risk priority for further objective analyses. The Post-MCDM analysis is performed by the utilisation of representative limit state (performance) functions for determining the response surfaces of the failure modes under consideration and performing reliability analysis based on a streamlined set of deterministic, probabilistic, and stochastic variables.
The results reveal that temperature is a principal stochastic process affecting the deterioration of pipelines when it comes to time dependent analysis. The case study presented demonstrates how effort can be efficiently applied to predict the longevity of offshore structures as well as providing information for key decisions to be made by stakeholders for decommissioning, repurposing, and late life management of offshore infrastructure.
Hybrid Optimization Technique Allows Dynamic Completion Design and Control in Advanced Multilateral Wells with Multiple Types of Flow Control Devices
Authors: Ahdeema Jamal , Sefat Morteza Haghighat , Muradov Khafiz 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Designing a well completion for multilateral wells with multiple types of flow control devices (FCDs) can be a challenging optimization task due to a large number of correlated control variables and computationally demanding objective functions. Consequently, standard optimization workflows may fail to find the optimal design. The lack of a reliable optimisation workflow has forced the industry to adopt a simplified, snapshot approach to intelligent completion design, ignoring long-term dynamic reservoir performance.
In this work, a multistage optimization workflow named hybrid optimization (HO), has been developed for effectively optimizing the completion design of multilateral wells that are equipped with multiple types of FCDs. Differential evolution (DE), a metaheuristic optimisation algorithm, is utilized for initial exploration of the search space to identify promising regions, while the generated data are employed to develop a fast surrogate model to mimic the dynamic performance of the computationally expensive reservoir model. Global sensitivity analysis using the Sobol method is then performed with the aid of the developed and tested surrogate model, to divide control parameters into high and low impact groups. The Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation (SPSA) algorithm is employed at the final optimisation stage to perform a refined search in the optimal areas previously identified. The proposed framework offers engineers a set of guidelines to adjust the completion design, by modifying the most critical design parameters, in order to maximize production performance while minimizing installation and operational risks.
The new workflow has been tested on a 3-D, synthetic, representative reservoir model developed by an intelligent dual-lateral well equipped with inflow control devices (ICDs) inside the laterals, and interval control valves (ICVs) at the laterals’ junctions. The developed HO technique showed superior performance as compared to the current, standard optimization options relying on a single algorithm. It allows efficient dynamic optimization and delivers reliable results in a reasonable time, to replace the snap-shot designs which can be sub-optimal due to their dependency on a single timestep.
Assessing the Risks: Offshore Wind-Powered Hydrogen Production Using Existing Infrastructure
Authors: Leach E. H. , Mahoney D. , Melville R. C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The PosHYdon project (PosHYdon website) is an innovative energy transition pilot project in the Dutch North Sea. The project is the first of its kind in the world and will produce green hydrogen using offshore wind power on an operational platform. Electricity from offshore wind will be used to electrolyze filtered sea water, producing hydrogen for transportation to shore using existing North Sea gas infrastructure. This has the potential to vastly reduce complexity and cost. However, using the existing gas infrastructure means the newly produced hydrogen will pass through other existing operational platforms which can impact the safety risk profile of the existing assets.
This paper presents recent modelling work carried out by Kent to help a Dutch North Sea operator understand the change in risk on their production platform due to the presence of this hydrogen passing through the facility. Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling techniques have been applied to quantify the consequences of accidental releases of gas mixtures containing hydrogen. This modelling work includes simulating the dispersion of releases and subsequent build-up of flammable gas, as well as the overpressures generated by vapour cloud explosions caused by the ignition of flammable clouds.
These consequences have been combined with historical leak frequency data and ignition probabilities to calculate probabilistic explosion loads for critical locations on the platform, allowing the operator to understand and manage any change in risks due to this novel project.
The following conclusions have been drawn from the study:
The ignition probabilities for hydrogen releases are higher than for conventional hydrocarbons. It is difficult to quantify the extent to which ignition probabilities will be increased for releases which are a mixture of hydrogen and conventional hydrocarbons, so there is an opportunity for further work in this area. For the purposes of this study, ignition probabilities have been taken from UK Offshore Operators Association (UKOOA) curve 21 (International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, 2010) and doubled, following the Energy Institute guidance (Energy Institute, 2006). The wider flammable range of hydrogen resulted in increased flammable cloud volumes for large hydrogen containing releases, compared to conventional hydrocarbons. The flammable volumes for smaller releases were similar between the hydrogen containing releases and the conventional hydrocarbon releases. The higher reactivity of hydrogen resulted in an increase in overpressure on a key target of between 25% and 90% depending on the hydrogen content. The combination of these factors resulted in an increase in overpressure loads at critical frequencies of up to 40% for a key target on the platform.
Swing to Fatigue: Exploring Fatigue and Sleep Health and their Differences Between Regular and Swing Shift Patterns in Oil and Gas Offshore Workers
Authors: Mihulkova J. , Donald R. , Henderson A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The objectives of the study were to explore fatigue levels on swing shifts, whereby workers work on day shifts for the first week and roll over to night shifts for the second week, compared to regular shifts; sleep health when workers were off work onshore compared to their time offshore; and the effects of fatigue on performance. The study also identified some of the factors that may cause feelings of fatigue.
Mixed-method, self-report surveys collected data on sleep hygiene, sleep health, and fatigue. Three semi-structured interviews were conducted with the workers who were on swing shifts to help understand the impacts of fatigue with three offshore workers. A number of statistical tests and qualitative analysis were carried out.
Results obtained from the survey showed experiences of mild fatigue levels and mild severity of fatigue across the workforce. Interviews revealed that workers on swing shifts experienced higher levels of fatigue which impacted their performance via poorer communication, attention, reaction time, and motivation. It was also found that fatigue negatively impacted physical functioning and ability to carry out duties and responsibilities. Importantly, sleep health scores in swing shift workers were significantly worse when they were offshore compared to onshore. Such finding was not observed in workers who operated on regular shifts. Factors such as sleep health, sleep quality, and energy levels negatively correlated with self-reported fatigue levels.
In general, present findings supported previous literature which found that swing shift may have caused or increased fatigue levels due to the adaptation process to a different wake-sleep cycle that took days. It was found that swing shift operators experienced worse sleep health when they were offshore compared to onshore. This study identified some of the possible sources and effects of fatigue that can directly inform interventions in terms of subjects for focus.
Multi-Stage Hydraulic Fracturing Using High- Temperature Fracturing Fluids in the Deepest Offshore Well in China- Case Study of Lab Test and Field Execution
Authors: Feng Yi , Zhang Ming , Li Junbao , Zhang Bo , Hu Lipeng , Wang Yisheng , Zhang Xuefeng , Liang Tian , Wang Zichao , Feng Liang , Wuauthor Changhong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bohai Bay is one of the world's largest oil and gas fields, consisting of different reservoirs with multiple lithologies.
BZ condensate oil and gas reservoir is discovered in recently past years. It is planning to develop this field in future years. This field are fractured buried hill condensate gas reservoir, buried deeply and it is not property researched. Several Wells drilled at early stage of the production schedule is not stable and economic value is not enough, so hydraulic fracturing technology is needed to realize the maximization of the production. Due to the well was deep with extremely high temperature and high pressure, the choice of the method of completion, fracturing process design and the realization of the project are challengeable.
When the target well depth over 5000m with temperature over 195 °C, we usually use metal crosslinked fluids, particularly using CMHPG and crosslinked with Zirconate crosslinker designed for high temperature. This system delivers a great combination of benefits: availability, low cost, ease to use, high viscosity, and fluid recovery.
BZ 9 well is the deepest offshore in China by far. We finish the multi-stage hydraulic fracturing using High-temperature fracturing fluids. We conduct DST test, production evaluation, DFIT Test, Hydraulic Fracture for BZ 9 well. Data analysis and caliber the production evaluation is also tried to do. The high temperature fracture fluid stability test, break test, surface tension test, core perm recovery test is shown is this article. At the same time, also show the well fracturing design idea and method of pump schedule, fracturing model result, DFIT and SRT process, understanding of the reservoir, display and analysis of fracturing plot, the full 3D GRID- ORIENTED HYFRAULIC FRACTURE STIMULATOR corrective, the analysis of the pressure plot, flowback and production, and further suggestions are put forward.