bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of motor coordination impairment and social communication deficits in children with autism is mediated by executive function
Authors: Gu Tingfeng , Jin Chengkai , Lin Lizi , Wang Xin , Li Xiuhong , Jing Jin , Cao Muqing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Motor coordination impairment could contribute to social communication deficits in children with autism (ASD). However, the exploration of the mechanism implicated in these claims has been limited by the lack of potential confounders such as executive function (EF).
Methods: We investigated the role that EF plays in the relationship between motor coordination and social communication in a school-aged autistic population via a structural model in a statistically robust manner. The results of questionnaires, including the Developmental Coordination Disorder questionnaire, the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, and the Social Responsiveness Scale, were collected to measure motor coordination, social communication deficits, and EF.
Results: A total of 182 ASD children (7.61±1.31 years, 87.9% boys) were included in the final analysis. In the model with EF as a mediator, the total effect (β=-0.599, P<0.001) and the direct effect (β=-0.331, P =0.003) of motor coordination function on social communication were both significant among ASD children without intellectual disability (ID), as were indirect effects through EF (β=-0.268, P<0.001).
Conclusion: EF partially mediates the motor coordination and social communication correlation among ASD. We suggest that motor coordination should be included in the routine evaluation of autism surveillance and rehabilitation procedures.
Radial access versus femoral access in percutaneous coronary intervention in elderly patients : A systematic review
Authors: Refa'i Rageed Al 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This review was carried out to determine the best option between the radial and femoral access in percutaneous coronary intervention in older individuals. Studies considered were RCTs and observational studies which were published between Jan 2000 and December 2020, from which, studies comparing radial access with femoral access in elderly patients aged 65 years and older were selected. A comprehensive literature search was conducted utilizing electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. The search strategy included keywords such as “percutaneous coronary intervention”, “radial access”, “femoral access”, and “elderly patients. The quality of the included studies was assessed using appropriate tools for RCTs (e.g., Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool) and observational studies (e.g., Newcastle-Ottawa Scale). The risk of bias was evaluated across different domains, including random sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding, incomplete outcome data, selective reporting, and other sources of bias. A total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for analysis. These studies consisted of 5 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 5 observational studies. The total sample size across all studies was 3,000 elderly patients. The analysis indicated that radial access was associated with a higher rate of procedural success compared to femoral access in the elderly population (p < 0.05). Furthermore, radial access showed a lower incidence of major bleeding events, access site complications. Some limitations of this systematic review include the heterogeneity among included studies, as well as the limited number of available studies specifically focusing on elderly patients.
Sources of information on monkeypox virus infection. A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: León-Figueroa Darwin A. , Barboza Joshuan J. , Valladares-Garrido Mario J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Monkeypox virus (Mpox) infection is a topic of growing interest today because of its potential public health impact and concern about possible outbreaks. Reliable and up-to-date sources of information that provide accurate data on its transmission, symptoms, prevention, and treatment are essential for understanding and effectively addressing this disease. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of sources of information on Mpox virus infection.
Methods
An exhaustive systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out using the information available in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases up to August 3, 2023. The data were analyzed using R software version 4.2.3. The quality of the cross-sectional studies that formed part of this review was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) tool. In addition, a subgroup analysis was performed based on the study populations.
Results
Twenty-three cross-sectional articles were included with a total sample of 24040 participants. The pooled prevalence of each of the included information sources was: social networks reached 58% (95% CI: 46-70%; 17227 participants; 21 studies; I2 = 100%); the Internet was 61% (95% CI: 44-77%; 14002 participants; 5 studies; I2 = 100%), radio reached 10% (95% CI: 07-13%; 8917 participants; 4 studies; I2 = 93%), television accounted for 24% (95% CI: 09-43%; 14896 participants; 8 studies; I2 = 100%), and the combination of radio and television accounted for 45% (95% CI: 31-60%; 4207 participants; 7 studies; I2 = 99%); for newspapers, it was 15% (95% CI: 05-27%; 2841 participants; 6 studies; I2 = 99%), friends and relatives accounted for 18% (95% CI: 10-28%; 16551 participants; 18 studies; I2 = 100%), the World Health Organization (WHO) accounted for 17% (95% CI: 07-29%; 1656 participants; 3 studies; I2 = 97%), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) accounted for 10% (95% CI: 03-21%; 2378 participants; 3 studies; I2 = 98%), and the combination of WHO and CDC websites accounted for 60% (95% CI: 48-72%; 1828 participants; 4 studies; I2 = 96%), and finally, scientific articles and journals accounted for 23% (95% CI: 13-34%; 4. 856 participants; 12 studies; I2 = 99%).
Conclusion
The study suggests that people access a variety of information sources to gain knowledge about Mpox virus infection, with a strong emphasis on online sources such as social networks and the Internet. However, it is important to note that the quality and accuracy of information available from these sources can vary, underscoring the need to promote access to reliable and up-to-date information about this disease to ensure public health.
Characterization of Prognostic Apoptosis-related Gene Signature to Evaluate Glioma Immune Microenvironment and experimental verification
Authors: Yu Hao , Yu Jiapeng , Wang Minjie , Jiang Xiaobing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose Apoptosis-related gene has been demonstrated to modulate the cancer immune in recent studies. Nonetheless, comprehensive roles of apoptosis-related genes in glioma immune microenvironment (GIME) remain unknow. This article was intended to explore the prognostic of apoptosis-related genes in glioma.Methods Doxorubicin was used to induce glioma cells apoptosis, and four differentially expressed apoptosis-related genes were identified, namely CREM, TNFSF12, PEA15 and PRKCD. Kaplan-Meier analyses, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses and nomogram were established to construe the relationship between risk markers and the prognosis of glioma patients.Results Risk biomarkers were dramatically associated with overall survival in glioma patients. The high and low risk groups were in relation to immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints. Somatic mutation and anti-PD-1/L1 immunotherapy demonstrated a worse prognosis in the high-risk group on anti-PD1/PDL1 therapy. In addition, the expression of these four apoptosis-related genes was verified by qPCR and immunohistochemistry, and the relationship between these four genes and apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry.Conclusions This research proclaimed the apoptosis related genes played a critical function in shaping of GIME. Assessing the apoptotic patterns of individual tumors will enhance our understanding of the infiltration feature of GIME and lead better strategies for immunotherapy.
Community Health Workers’ experiences of a package providing increased support and supervision - a qualitative study of a home visiting model in rural South Africa
Authors: Katzen Linnea Stansert , Skeen Sarah , Dippenaar Elaine , Laurenzi Christina , Notholi Vuyolwethu , Roux Karl le , Roux Ingrid le , WaluWalu Ncumisa , Mbewu Nokwanele , Borus Mary Jane Rotheram , Tomlinson Mark 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Deploying Community Health Workers is a crucial strategy to improve health at a community level in low and middle income countries. While there is substantial evidence for CHW effectiveness, there is a need for more research on the mechanisms through which these programs work. Understanding CHWs experiences of how programmes function is important. This article examines CHW’s experiences of three key programmatic domains; training, logistical support and supervision. Data were gathered using a qualitative study embedded within a cluster randomized controlled trial of an enhanced supervision package delivered to government-employed CHWs in the rural Eastern Cape, South Africa. We interviewed CHWs (n = 16) and two supervisors. Three overarching areas and five sub-themes emerged from our interviews. CHW knowledge and confidence increased through additional training, that CHW motivation and community acceptance improved because of added logistical support, and that CHW supervision led to improved sense of accountability, feelings of respect, and sense of being supported. Our findings highlight the importance of a functional support system within which CHWs can operate, in a context where most CHWs operate in isolation and without support. CHWs receiving supportive supervision reported positive impacts on their motivation and ability to carry out their work effectively.
Sequential Bayesian-optimized graphene synthesis by direct solar-thermal chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Alghfeli Abdalla , Fisher Timothy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This work reports the use of a high-flux solar simulator that mimics the solar spectrum and a cold-wall CVD reactor to demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing a renewable energy resource in synthesizing graphene under various conditions. A parametric study of process parameters was carried out using a probabilistic Bayesian regression model and an information acquisition function to find conditions that yield high-quality product. Backscattered electron images and Raman mapping were used to assess the effects of growth conditions on graphene characteristic sizes, film quality, and uniformity. We report the synthesis of high-quality single-layer graphene (SLG) and AB-stacked bilayer graphene films in a one-step, short-time process with \(I_{D}/I_{G}\) ratios of 0.21 and 0.14, respectively. Electron diffraction analysis shows peak intensities that resemble SLG and AB-bilayer graphene with up to 5 and 20 \(\mathrm{\mu}\) m grain sizes, respectively. The optical transmissivities of SLG and AB-bilayer graphene fall between 0.959-0.977 and 0.929-0.953, whereas the sheet resistances measured by a 4-point probe with 1 mm spacing are 15.5 \(\pm\) 4.6 and 3.4$\pm$1.5 k \(\Omega\) /sq, respectively. Further scale-up of the optimized graphene growth area was achieved by flattening the insolation profile, leading to spatial uniformity up to 15 mm in radius. Direct solar capture for CVD synthesis enable a practical and sustainable option for synthesizing graphene films applicable for photonic and electronic applications.
First record of Ozolaimus cirratus (Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae) infecting casque-headed tree frog Corythomantis greeningi (Anura: Hylidae) from Northeastern Brazil
Authors: SILVA CHARLES DE SOUSA , MORAIS DRAUSIO HONORIO , CASCON PAULO 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Ozolaimus genus is characterized by presenting a dorsoventrally elongated mouth, with two lateral lips, a long esophagus, consisting of a strong anterior portion, a short with a fusiform fold, and a thin posterior portion ending in a distinct bulb, anteriorly dilated intestine, and absent lateral wings. Between February 2014 and September 2016, eleven specimens of the anuran Corythomantis greeningi were collected manually in the Ecological Station of Aiuaba, Ceará State, Brazil. After analyses, nine specimens of Ozolaimus cirratus infecting the large intestine of the referred specimen were recorded. Knowledge is still scarce about the ecological dynamics of pharyngodonid parasites and their parasite-host relationships, thus this work is the first to record of Ozolaimus genus infecting the casque-headed tree frog Corythomantis greeningi from Caatinga biome, Ceará State, Brazil. Priviously, the only registered hosts of Ozalaimus parasites were iguanid lizards.
Immune cell proteomes of Long COVID patients have functional changes similar to those in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Peppercorn Katie , Edgar Christina D. , Kleffmann Torsten , Tate Warren. P 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Of those infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), ~ 10% develop the chronic post-viral debilitating condition, Long COVID (LC). Although LC is a heterogeneous condition, about half of cases have a typical post-viral fatigue condition with onset and symptoms that are very similar to Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). A key question is whether these conditions are closely related. ME/CFS is a post-stressor fatigue condition that arises from multiple triggers. To investigate the pathophysiology of LC, a pilot study of patients and healthy controls has used quantitative proteomics to discover changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proteins. A principal component analysis separated all Long COVID patients from healthy controls. Analysis of 3131 proteins identified 162 proteins differentially regulated, of which 37 were related to immune functions, and 21 to mitochondrial functions. Markov cluster analysis identified clusters involved in immune system processes, and two aspects of gene expression-spliceosome and transcription. These results were compared with an earlier dataset of 346 differentially regulated proteins in PBMC’s from ME/CFS patients analysed by the same methodology. There were overlapping protein clusters and enriched molecular pathways particularly in immune functions, suggesting the two conditions have similar immune pathophysiology as a prominent feature, and mitochondrial functions involved in energy production were affected in both conditions.
Critical LVEF and Possible Mechanism in Patients with Supra-normal Ejection Fraction after Primary PCI for STEMI
Authors: Xiao Hao , Mei Zhao , Feifei Zhang , Huiliang Liu , Kexin Yuan , Yi Dang , Shuren Li , Xiaoyong Qi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To explore the critical value of supra-normal ejection fraction after acute myocardial infarction primary PCI and possible mechanism.
METHODS
A total of 272 patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction admitted to the Heart Center of Hebei General Hospital from November 2016 to June 2018 who underwent primary PCI and transthoracic echocardiographic measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 50% were included. All transthoracic ultrasound data of the patients were collected. The correlation between LVEF and hospital outcomes (death, cardiogenic shock) was analyzed. The ROC curve was drawn and the area under the ROC curve was measured. The critical value of the correlation between LVEF and in-hospital death was obtained by drawing the ROC curve. Clinical indicators between the two groups[the supra-normal EF group(LVEF༞critical value) and the control group(LVEF < critical value)] were analyzed.
RESULTS
Logsitic univariate regression analysis (OR) between LVEF and in-hospital death was 1.350(95%CI 1.078–1.691, P = 0.009). The area under the ROC curve between LVEF and in-hospital death was 0.846(95%CI 0.628-1.000, P = 0.018); The maximum Youden index was 0.701, corresponding to the critical LVEF of 67.5%, and the sensitivity and specificity of predicting nosocomial death were 75% and 95.1%. The proportion of women in the abnormal ejection fraction group [7(43.80%) vs 42(16.40%), P = 0.015] and the application of IABP [2(12.50%) vs 2(0.80%), P = 0.018] were significantly higher than those in the control group. The pulse rate [65.00(14.75) vs 79.00(20.00), P = 0.004], postoperative blood flow grade 2–3 proportion [13(81.30%) vs 253(98.80%), P = 0.003], and left ventricular end-systolic diameter [28.00(4.25) vs 32.00(4.00), P < 0.001] were significantly lower than those in the control group. Other results were not statistically significant between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a subgroup named supra-normal EF with a higher mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after primary PCI, with a cut-off value of 67.5%. Sex and coronary microcirculation disorder may be the promoting factors for occurrence and development of supra-normal ejection fraction.
FastQAFPN-YOLOv8s-based method for rapid and lightweight detection of walnut unseparated material
Authors: Kong Dexiao , Wang Jiayi , Zhang Qinghui , Li Junqiu , rong Jian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Pecans have rich nutritional value and high economic value. Fast and accurate shell and kernel sorting will improve the efficiency of its automated production. Therefore, we propose a FastQAFPN-YOLOv8s target detection network to achieve fast and accurate detection of unseparated materials. The method uses lightweight Pconv operators to build the FasterNextBlock structure, which serve as the backbone feature extractor for the Fasternet feature extraction network. The ECIoU loss function combining EIoU and CIoU speeds up the adjustment of the prediction frame and the network regression. In the Neck part of the network, the QAFPN feature fusion extraction network is proposed to replace the PAN-FPN in YOLOv8s with a Rep-PAN structure based on the QARepNext reparameterization structure for feature fusion extraction to achieve a trade-off between network performance and inference speed. To validate the method, we built a three-axis mobile sorting device and created a dataset of 3,000 images of walnuts after breaking their shells for experiments. The results show that the improved network has a number of 6071008 parameters, a training time of 2.49 h, a model size of 12.3 MB, an mAP of 94.5%, and a frame rate of 52.1 FPS. Compared with the original model, the number of parameters decreases by 45.5%, the training time decreases by 32.7%, the model size decreases by 45.3%, and the frame rate improves by 40.8%. However, some accuracy is lost along with the lightweight, with a 1.2% decrease in mAP. The network reduces the model size by 59.7MB and 23.9MB compared to YOLOv7 and YOLOv6, respectively, and improves the frame rate by 15.67fps and 22.55fps, respectively. the average confidence and mAP are little changed compared to YOLOv7 and improved by 4.2% and 2.4% compared to YOLOv6, respectively. The FastQAFPN-YOLOv8s detection method can effectively reduce the model size while ensuring the recognition accuracy.
A stochastic SIHR epidemic model with general population-size dependent contact rate and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process dynamics analysis
Authors: Mu Xiaojie , Jiang Daqing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to investigate a novel stochastic SIHR epidemic model, which includes a general incidence rate and mean-reversion Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. Firstly, the existence of global positivity of the solution is testified by Lyapunov function. Secondly, this disease will be eradicated if R0s < 1 . Otherwise, if R0* > 1, then the system has a stationary distribution, which means that the pandemic will persist. In addition, an explicit expression of the probability density function for a linear system near quasi-endemic equilibrium is obtained under certain conditions. Finally, a series of numerical simulations are carried out to validate the theoretical conclusions.
Association between type of immunosuppression and the incidence, microbiology and outcomes of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Bayon Constance , Kreitmann Louis , Martin-Loeches Ignacio , Póvoa Pedro , Salluh Jorge , Rouzé Anahita , Moreau Anne-Sophie , Labreuche Julien , Nseir Saad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections (VA-LRTI) are among the most common intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections in patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Immunocompromised patients may have a lower incidence of VA-LRTI when compared to non-immunocompromised patients, but the influence of immunosuppression type on VA-LRTI has not been investigated.
Methods
Multicenter, international retrospective cohort study in 118 ICUs from 9 countries. Immunocompromised adult patients requiring IMV for > 48 hours were included and followed until ICU discharge (censored at day 28). Patients with hematological malignancies were compared to patients with other types of immunosuppression. The study objectives were to assess the association of the type of immunosuppression with VA-LTRI incidence, microbiology and outcome (ICU mortality, length-of-stay, and duration of IMV).
Results
Eight hundred fifty-four immunocompromised patients were included (median age 65 years, 57.6% males), including 162 with hematologic malignancies. Patients with hematologic malignancies had a lower 28-day cumulative incidence of VA-LRTI than patients with other types of immunosuppression (13.6% vs. 20.1%, adjusted cause-specific hazard ratio [cHR] 0.60, 95%CI 0.37–0.97), mostly due to a lower incidence of VAP (9.3% vs. 13.9%). The proportion of VA-LTRI cases related to multidrug-resistant bacteria was similar between groups. Occurrence of VA-LRTI was associated with an increased mortality and a longer ICU length-of-stay, but this effect was independent of the type of immunosuppression.
Conclusion
Patients with hematologic malignancies had a lower 28-day cumulative incidence of VA-LRTI than patients with other types of immunosuppression, mainly due to a lower incidence of VAP.