bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eulachon migration patterns in the lower Fraser River revealed through acoustic telemetry
Authors: Burns Christopher W. , Gibeau Pascale , Robichaud David , McCulloch Cameron , Novoa Julio , Lockert Krystal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
The Fraser River in British Columbia, Canada, historically supported productive Indigenous, recreational, and commercial fisheries for Eulachon Thaleichthys pacificus. Although Eulachon spend most of their lives in the marine environment, they spawn in freshwater and it is hypothesized that habitat degradation in the Fraser River has contributed to population decline. A greater understanding of Eulachon life history strategies is necessary to develop species recovery strategies. The purpose of this study was to provide insight into population demographics, migration timing, residence time, travel speed and distance, and movement patterns of Eulachon traveling in the Fraser River by conducting index netting and acoustic telemetry.

Methods
In total, 244 Eulachon were acoustically tagged at the mouth of the Fraser River, and their movements were monitored using acoustic receivers in the lowermost 70 km of the Fraser River and in the Pitt River (a tributary to the Fraser River) over a 2-year period.

Result
Tagged Eulachon displayed heterogeneous movement behaviors and a protracted migration period between February and May. Eulachon index gill netting revealed three discrete migration groups matching traditional ecological knowledge from Indigenous knowledge holders. There were shifts in population demographics, with sex ratios changing from predominately males to females throughout the migration. Residence time within the estuarine salt wedge and river was short. Upstream travel speeds varied significantly between sexes and slowed as fish traveled upstream.

Conclusion
Overall, Eulachon travel speeds, travel distances, and residence times, along with size and sex effects, provided insights into movement patterns. These results will increase our understanding of sex-specific risks related to instream disturbance, harvest, and predation and will inform management decisions regarding protection of critical habitats. The observed patterns highlight the need for stock assessment methods to consider all discrete migration groups and will assist in prioritizing species recovery efforts.
An innovative predictive model for cervical cancer constructed around a gene profile associated with cholesterol metabolism
Authors: Pu Tengda , Jin Ying , Tang Chuai , Fu Jingjing , Zhang Chengyuan , Su Bingfeng , Cao Aie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCholesterol metabolism is crucial for cell survival and cancer progression. The prognostic patterns of genes linked to cholesterol metabolism (CMAGs) in CESC, however, have received very little attention in research. From public databases, TCGA‐CESC cohorts with mRNA expression patterns and the accompanying clinical information of patients were gathered. Consensus clustering was used to find the molecular subtype connected to cholesterol metabolism. In the TCGA‐CESC cohort, a predictive risk model with 28 CMAGs was created using Lasso‐Cox regression. The function enrichment analysis between groups with high‐and low‐risk were investigated by employing GO, KEGG, and GSVA software. The immune cell infiltration was analyzed using ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and MCPCOUNTER methods. Finally, we select 7 genes in risk model for further multivariate Cox analysis, and ultimately a hub gene, CHIT1, was identified. Meanwhile, the function of CHIT1 was preliminarily verified in cell and mice tumor model. In conclusion, the abundance of the CHIT1 gene might be beneficial for forecasting the prognosis of CESC, demonstrating that cholesterol metabolism could be a promising treatment target for CESC.
Water desalination using stainless steel meshes coated with layered double hydroxide/graphene oxide nanocomposite
Authors: Foroutan Fahimeh , Ahmadzadeh Hossein , Davardoostmanesh Maryam , Amiri Amirhassan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCoated stainless steel meshes with layered double hydroxides and graphene oxide nanocomposites (LDH/GO) were used as desalination membranes. The nature of stainless steel mesh allows a greater amount of sorbent to be coated on the surface using sol–gel technique and increases the adsorption capacity of ions and the efficiency of desalination. These substrates improve the contact surface area so that approximately 5 min is required for the desalination process. The LDH/GO stainless steel mesh exhibited excellent corrosion resistance and tensile strength of 99.9% and 112 MPa, respectively. To achieve the best desalination efficiency, different parameters were optimized, including the ratio of GO to LDH in the nanocomposites, the number of mesh layers, NaCl concentrations, and process cycles. The maximum adsorption capacity for the NaCl was 555.5 mg g−1. The results revealed that LDH/GO nanocomposite was able to remove (94.3 ± 0.5) % of the NaCl under the optimum conditions. The proposed method was used to successfully remove Na+, Mg+2, Ca+2, and K+ cations from seawater, with the yields of 92.3%, 92.5%, 91.2%, and 90.2%, respectively.Practitioner Points

The salts are removed via interaction between salt ions and functional groups on the LDH/GO nanocomposite surface.
A high amount of adsorbent loaded on the surface of steel mesh leads to an improvement in the adsorption capacity.
The sol‐gel technique strengthens the LDH/GO nanocomposites on the surface of steel mesh.
Some Consequences of the Valley Delta Conjectures
Authors: D’Adderio Michele , Iraci Alessandro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHaglund et al. (Trans Am Math Soc 370(6):4029–4057, 2018) introduced their Delta conjectures, which give two different combinatorial interpretations of the symmetric function $$\Delta '_{e_{n-k-1}} e_n$$

Δ

e

n
-
k
-
1

′

e
n

in terms of rise-decorated or valley-decorated labelled Dyck paths. While the rise version has been recently proved (D’Adderio and Mellit in Adv Math 402:108342, 2022; Blasiak et al. in A Proof of the Extended Delta Conjecture, arXiv:2102.08815, 2021), not much is known about the valley version. In this work, we prove the Schröder case of the valley Delta conjecture, the Schröder case of its square version (Iraci and Wyngaerd in Ann Combin 25(1):195–227, 2021), and the Catalan case of its extended version (Qiu and Wilson in J Combin Theory Ser A 175:105271, 2020). Furthermore, assuming the symmetry of (a refinement of) the combinatorial side of the extended valley Delta conjecture, we deduce also the Catalan case of its square version (Iraci and Wyngaerd 2021).
Effects of seed traits on the cache size of a scatter-hoarding rodent, Leopoldamys edwardsi
Authors: Wang Minghui , Yang Xifu , Yi Xianfeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Seed traits can influence post-dispersal seed fate and seedling establishment by manipulating the size of caches made by hoarding animals. However, few studies have explored how seed traits affect cache size and subsequent seed fate mediated by hoarding rodents. In this study, we investigated the effects of seed traits on hoarding behavior of Leopoldamys edwardsi using seeds of Quercus variabilis, Castanea henryi, Camellia oleifera, Lithocarpus harlandii, and Choerospondias axillaris in semi-natural enclosures in Dujiangyan, southwest China, in an attempt to elucidate the relationship between seed traits and cache size. Significant differences were detected in the scatter-hoarding preference of L. edwardsi for seeds of C. axillaris, C. henryi, C. oleifera, Q. variabilis, and L. harlandii. There was a significant difference in the cache size between the five seed species made by L. edwardsi. More importantly, we found that there was a significant positive correlation between the cache size and crude fat but a significant negative correlation between cache size and seed mass as well as crude starch. Our study has revealed that seed traits appear to be a key factor in regulating the hoarding behavior of rodents, mainly the size of their caches. This regulation, in turn, has a significant impact on seed survival and seedling establishment that emerge from the caches.

Significance statement
At present, a large number of studies focus on a certain trait of a single seed or the effect of a certain seed trait of various species on the hoarding behavior of rodents. How seed traits affect cache size and subsequent seed fate mediated by hoarding rodents remains unknown. This study systematically illustrates how rodents manipulate seed fates and manage cache size according to seed traits. Managing cache size based on different seed traits involves a trade-off between cache recovery and pilferage, which may be an evolutionary strategy of scatter-hoarding animals.
A prospective, multicenter, observational study of ixazomib plus lenalidomide-dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in Japan
Authors: Horigome Yuichi , Iino Masaki , Harazaki Yoriko , Kobayashi Takahiro , Handa Hiroshi , Hiramatsu Yasushi , Kuroi Taiga , Tanimoto Kazuki , Matsue Kosei , Abe Masahiro , Ishida Tadao , Ito Shigeki , Iwasaki Hiromi , Kuroda Junya , Shibayama Hirohiko , Sunami Kazutaka , Takamatsu Hiroyuki , Tamura Hideto , Hayashi Toshiaki , Akagi Kiwamu , Maeda Takahiro , Yoshida Takahiro , Mori Ikuo , Shinozaki Tomohiro , Iida Shinsuke 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReal-world studies permit inclusion of a more diverse patient population and provide more information on the effectiveness of treatments used in routine clinical practice. This prospective, multicenter, observational study investigated the effectiveness and safety of ixazomib plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (IRd) in 295 patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in routine clinical practice in Japan. Patients had a median age of 74 years, 80.0% were aged ≥ 65 years, 42.0% had received ≥ 3 lines of prior treatment, and 28.5% were “frail” according to the International Myeloma Working Group frailty score. After a median follow-up of 25.0 months, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 15.3 (95% CI 12.4–19.5) months, while median overall survival was not reached. The overall response rate was 53.9%, and 31.5% of patients had a very good partial response or better. In the subgroup analysis, median PFS was better in patients with 1 versus 2 or ≥ 3 lines of prior treatment (29.0 vs 19.2 or 6.9 months) and paraprotein versus clinical relapse (16.0 vs 7.9 months), but median PFS was not notably affected by frailty score or age group. Dose adjustment was more frequent among patients aged > 75 years, especially early after IRd treatment initiation. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) of any grade occurred in 84.4% of patients and 24.7% of patients discontinued treatment due to TEAEs; no new safety concerns were found. These findings suggest that oral IRd triplet regimen is an effective and tolerable treatment option for RRMM patients in real-world settings outside of clinical trials.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03433001; Date of registration: 14 February 2018.
The impact of gender on the self-confidence of practical and surgical skills among OBGYN residents: a trinational survey
Authors: Meister Tara , Foessleitner Philipp , Breuer Georg , Winder Franziska M. , Favero Martine , Friemann Margareta , Krischer Benedict , Weiss Martin , Windsperger Karin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Gender disparities exist in the OBGYN discipline. This study investigates, for the first time, whether gender impacts on the confidence of practical and surgical skills among OBGYN residents, and of being prepared to work as a specialist.

Methods
The gynecological societies of Austria, Germany, and Switzerland established a web-based survey of 30 questions that was sent to all registered OBGYN members-in-training from August to September 2020. Data collection, controlling and analysis were performed by the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH).

Results
A total of 422 participants took part in the survey, of which 375 (88.9%) were female, 46 (10.9%) were male, and one (0.2%) was divers. The diverse participant was excluded from further analyses. The gender distribution was comparable in all three countries. Multiple regression analyses showed that gender is an independent variable significantly impacting on the confidence levels in performing standard gynaecological (p = 0.03) and obstetric (p < 0.001) procedures. Similarly, the feeling of confidence in being prepared for working as a specialist in a clinic showed to be gender-dependent (p < 0.001), however, not the feeling of being prepared for working as specialist in an outpatient setting (p = 0.37). The “female factor” significantly decreases the confidence rating for surgical and practical skills and for working in a hospital. Covariates including year of training, country, workload, receiving regular feedback, and implemented simulation training were included in all analyses.

Discussion
Improvements of residency programs to promote female doctors to overcome factors reducing their confidence in their own OBGYN skills are highly warranted.
Standards of practice in forensic age estimation with CT of the medial clavicular epiphysis—a systematic review
Authors: Ruder Thomas D. , Kuhnen Saskia C. , Zech Wolf-Dieter , Klaus Jeremias B. , Lombardo Paolo , Ith Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe AGFAD (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forensische Alterdiagnostik, Study Group on Forensic Age Diagnostics) has published several recommendations regarding both technical aspects of computed tomography (CT) of the medial clavicular epiphysis (MCE) and the process of reading and interpreting the CT images for forensic age estimations (FAE). There are, however, no published recommendations regarding CT scan protocols and no dose reference values for CT of the MCE. The objective of this analysis was to assess adherence to AGFAD recommendations among practitioners of FAE and analyse reported dose-relevant CT scan parameters with the objective of helping to establish evidence-based dose reference values for FAE. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and in Google Scholar with specific MeSH terms to identify original research articles on FAE with CT of the MCE from 1997 to 2022. A total of 48 studies were included. Adherence to AGFAD recommendations among practitioners of FAE is high regarding the use of Schmeling main stages (93%), bone window (79%), ≤ 1 mm CT slices (67%), axial/coronal CT images (65%), and Kellinghaus sub-stages (59%). The reporting of CT technique and CT dose-relevant scan parameters is heterogeneous and often incomplete in the current literature. Considering the success achieved by the AGFAD in creating standards of practice of FAE in living subjects, there is potential for the AGFAD to establish standards for radiation protection in FAE as well.
Hepatitis B reactivation is a rare event among patients with resolved infection undergoing anti-CD20 antibodies in monotherapy without antiviral prophylaxis: results from the HEBEM study
Authors: Marzo Blanca , Vidal-Jordana Angela , Castilló Joaquín , Robles-Sanchez Miguel-Angel , Otero-Romero Susana , Tintore Mar , Montalban Xavier , Buti Maria , Riveiro-Barciela Mar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Prospective data on the risk of hepatitis B reactivation (HBVr) among patients with resolved HBV infection undergoing anti-CD20 antibodies monotherapy is scarce. We aimed to assess the risk of HBVr in patients with resolved HBV infection treated with rituximab or ocrelizumab in monotherapy for multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) without antiviral prophylaxis.

Methods
HEBEM is a prospective study that included all consecutive adults HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive who initiated anti-CD20 antibodies for MS or NMOSD at Cemcat. Inclusion criteria encompassed undetectable HBV-DNA, absence of other immunosuppressants or antiviral therapy. Every 6 months HBsAg, ALT and HBV-DNA were performed to rule out HBVr (defined by 2-log increase in HBV-DNA or seroconversion to HBsAg+).

Results
From August/2019 to August/2022, 540 subjects initiated anti-CD20 antibodies, 28 (5.2%) were anti-HBc-positive and were included. Twenty-two received rituximab and 6 ocrelizumab. The majority (89.3%) had previously received ≥ 1 immunomodulatory drug, with corticosteroids (82.1%) and interferon (42.9%) as the most common. At inclusion, all presented normal transaminases and undetectable HBV-DNA. Median anti-HBs levels were 105.5 mIU/mL (IQR 0–609). Median follow-up was 3.1 years (2.1–4.0). Median number of cycles of anti-CD20 antibodies was 6 (3–7), with a cumulative dose of 8.5 g (5.8–11.2) of rituximab and 3 g (1.8–3.8) of ocrelizumab. Neither cases of HBVr nor changes in anti-HBs titers were observed per 83.6 patient-years treated with monotherapy with anti-CD20 antibodies.

Conclusions
In this cohort of patients with MS or NMOSD and resolved HBV infection, anti-CD20 monotherapy was not associated with detectable risk of HBV reactivation despite the lack of antiviral prophylaxis.
Peripheral temperature dysregulation associated with functionally altered NaV1.8 channels
Authors: Loose Simon , Lischka Annette , Kuehs Samuel , Nau Carla , Heinemann Stefan H. , Kurth Ingo , Leipold Enrico 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.8 is prominently expressed in the soma and axons of small-caliber sensory neurons, and pathogenic variants of the corresponding geneSCN10Aare associated with peripheral pain and autonomic dysfunction. While most disease-associatedSCN10Avariants confer gain-of-function properties to NaV1.8, resulting in hyperexcitability of sensory neurons, a few affect afferent excitability through a loss-of-function mechanism. Using whole-exome sequencing, we here identify a rare heterozygousSCN10Amissense variant resulting in alteration p.V1287I in NaV1.8 in a patient with a 15-year history of progressively worsening temperature dysregulation in the distal extremities, particularly in the feet. Further symptoms include increasingly intensifying tingling and numbness in the fingers and increased sweating. To assess the impact of p.V1287I on channel function, we performed voltage-clamp recordings demonstrating that the alteration confers loss- and gain-of-function characteristics to NaV1.8 characterized by a right-shifted voltage dependence of channel activation and inactivation. Current-clamp recordings from transfected mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons further revealed that NaV1.8-V1287I channels broaden the action potentials of sensory neurons and increase their firing rates in response to depolarizing current stimulations, indicating a gain-of-function mechanism of the variant at the cellular level in a heterozygous setting. The data support the hypothesis that the properties of NaV1.8 p.V1287I are causative for the patient’s symptoms and that nonpainful peripheral paresthesias should be considered part of the clinical spectrum of NaV1.8-associated disorders.
Central projections from Johnston’s organ in the locust: Axogenesis and brain neuroarchitecture
Authors: Boyan George , Williams Leslie , Ehrhardt Erica 
Published: September 2023

AbstractJohnston’s organ (Jo) acts as an antennal wind-sensitive and/or auditory organ across a spectrum of insect species and its axons universally project to the brain. In the locust, this pathway is already present at mid-embryogenesis but the process of fasciculation involved in its construction has not been investigated. Terminal projections into the fine neuropilar organization of the brain also remain unresolved, information essential not only for understanding the neural circuitry mediating Jo-mediated behavior but also for providing comparative data offering insights into its evolution. In our study here, we employ neuron-specific, axon-specific, and epithelial domain labels to show that the pathway to the brain of the locust is built in a stepwise manner during early embryogenesis as processes from Jo cell clusters in the pedicel fasciculate first with one another, and then with the two tracts constituting the pioneer axon scaffold of the antenna. A comparison of fasciculation patterns confirms that projections from cell clusters of Jo stereotypically associate with only one axon tract according to their location in the pedicellar epithelium, consistent with a topographic plan. At the molecular level, all neuronal elements of the Jo pathway to the brain express the lipocalin Lazarillo, a cell surface epitope that regulates axogenesis in the primary axon scaffold itself, and putatively during fasciculation of the Jo projections to the brain. Central projections from Jo first contact the primary axon scaffold of the deutocerebral brain at mid-embryogenesis, and in the adult traverse mechanosensory/motor neuropils similar to those in Drosophila. These axons then terminate among protocerebral commissures containing premotor interneurons known to regulate flight behavior.
Higher regularity for weak solutions to degenerate parabolic problems
Authors: Gentile Andrea , Passarelli di Napoli Antonia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study two related features of the regularity of the weak solutions to the following strongly degenerate parabolic equation $$\begin{aligned} u_t-\textrm{div}\left( \left( \left| Du\right| -1\right) _+^{p-1}\frac{Du}{\left| Du\right| }\right) =f\qquad \text{ in } \Omega _T =\Omega \times (0,T), \end{aligned}$$

u
t

-
div

D
u

-
1

+

p
-
1

Du

D
u

=
f

in

Ω
T

=
Ω
×

(
0
,
T
)

,

where $$\Omega $$
Ω
is a bounded domain in $$\mathbb {R}^{n}$$

R

n

for $$n\ge 2$$

n
≥
2

, $$p\ge \text {and}\, T>0$$

p
≥
and

T
>
0

. We prove the higher differentiability of a nonlinear function of the spatial gradient of the weak solutions, assuming only that $$f\in L^{2}_{\textrm{loc}}\left( \Omega _T\right) $$

f
∈

L
loc
2

Ω
T

. This allows us to establish the higher integrability of the spatial gradient under the same minimal requirement on the datum f.
New embedding results for double phase problems with variable exponents and a priori bounds for corresponding generalized double phase problems
Authors: Ho Ky , Winkert Patrick 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper we present new embedding results for Musielak–Orlicz Sobolev spaces of double phase type. Based on the continuous embedding of $$W^{1,\mathcal {H}}(\Omega )$$

W

1
,
H

(
Ω
)

into $$L^{\mathcal {H}_*}(\Omega )$$

L

H

∗

(
Ω
)

, where $$\mathcal {H}_*$$

H

∗

is the Sobolev conjugate function of $$\mathcal {H}$$
H
, we present much stronger embeddings as known in the literature. Based on these results, we consider generalized double phase problems involving such new type of growth with Dirichlet and nonlinear boundary condition and prove appropriate boundedness results of corresponding weak solutions based on the De Giorgi iteration along with localization arguments.