bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudomonas syringae isolated in lichens for the first time: Unveiling Peltigera genus as the exclusive host
Authors: Ramírez Natalia , Sigurbjörnsdóttir M. Auður , Monteil Cecile , Berge Odile , Heiðmarsson Starri , Jackson Robert W. , Morris Cindy , Vilhelmsson Oddur 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPseudomonas syringae is a bacterial complex that is widespread through a range of environments, typically associated with plants where it can be pathogenic, but also found in non‐plant environments such as clouds, precipitation, and surface waters. Understanding its distribution within the environment, and the habitats it occupies, is important for examining its evolution and understanding behaviours. After a recent study found P. syringae living among a range of vascular plant species in Iceland, we questioned whether lichens could harbour P. syringae. Sixteen different species of lichens were sampled all over Iceland, but only one lichen genus, Peltigera, was found to consistently harbour P. syringae. Phylogenetic analyses of P. syringae from 10 sampling points where lichen, tracheophyte, and/or moss were simultaneously collected showed significant differences between sampling points, but not between different plants and lichens from the same point. Furthermore, while there were similarities in the P. syringae population in tracheophytes and Peltigera, the densities in Peltigera thalli were lower than in moss and tracheophyte samples. This discovery suggests P. syringae strains can localize and survive in organisms beyond higher plants, and thus reveals opportunities for studying their influence on P. syringae evolution.
Genetically predicted body mass index and maternal outcomes of pregnancy: A two‐sample Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Ardissino Maddalena , Geddes‐Barton Miranda , Banerjee Anita 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveObservational studies have described associations between obesity and adverse outcomes of pregnancy but observational results are liable to influence by residual confounding. Mendelian randomisation (MR) leverages the ‘natural’ genetic randomisation to risk of an exposure occurring at allele assortment and conception. Similar to randomisation in a clinical trial, this limits the potential for the influence of confounding.DesignA two‐sample MR study.SettingSummary statistics from published genome wide association studies (GWAS) in European ancestry populations.Population or SampleInstrumental variants for body mass index (BMI) were obtained from a study on 434 794 females.MethodsInverse‐variance weighted MR was used to assess the association between BMI and all outcomes. Sensitivity analyses with weighted median and MR‐Egger were also performed.Main outcome measuresFemale‐specific genetic association estimates for outcomes were extracted from the sixth round of analysis of the FINNGEN cohort data.ResultsHigher genetically predicted BMI was associated with higher risk of pre‐eclampsia (odds ratio [OR] per standard deviation 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.46–1.94, P = 8.74 × 10−13), gestational diabetes (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.46–1.92, P = 5.35 × 10−14), polyhydramnios (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.00–1.96, P = 0.049). There was evidence suggestive of a potential association with higher risk of premature rupture of membranes (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.00–1.36, P = 0.050) and postpartum depression (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.99–1.27, P = 0.062).ConclusionsHigher genetically predicted BMI is associated with marked increase in risk of pre‐eclampsia, gestational diabetes and polyhydramnios. The relation between genetically predicted BMI and premature rupture of membranes and postpartum depression should be assessed in further studies. Our study supports efforts to target BMI as a cardinal risk factor for maternal morbidity in pregnancy.
‘The Ruins of the Face’: The Aesthetics of Ruin in Austen's Persuasion
Authors: Kraege Lisa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article investigates Jane Austen's network of bodily metaphors in Persuasion, re‐examining ‘bloom’ in the context of its pair, ‘ruin’. While the novel is traditionally understood as a progress narrative that moves from Anne's self‐description as being ‘in ruins’ to the restoration of her ‘bloom’, the article examines the inconsistency around Anne's appearance and ‘bloom’ throughout the novel, contending that rather than presenting a progression, the novel stages the problematics of physiognomy, of reading the body as an index of internal feeling. I argue that by situating Austen's metaphors within context of picturesque writing on ruins and ‘roughness’ from William Gilpin and Uvedale Price, we can conceive of weathered, worn out, broken, pierced, and ruined bodies as the rough texture that animates Persuasion.
Analysis of the risk factors in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion
Authors: Li Ming‐Ming , Lin Jie , Wu Hai‐Fan , Zheng Guo‐Jun , Cai Ruo‐Nan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProblemWe aimed to explore the risk factors in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and to provide a basis for clinically targeted therapy.Method of studyThis case‐control study comprised 202 patients with URSA treated at our hospital and 115 women in early pregnancy with a normal birth history during the same period. After procuring the data we conducted a multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors related to URSA.ResultsLogistic regression analysis showed (i) that the number of spontaneous abortions (SAs; odds ratio [OR] = 492.123), the levels of autoantibodies (OR = 19.322) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α; OR = 9.615), and the CT and TT genotypes of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T (OR = 6.217 and 15.009, respectively) were risk factors for URSA and (ii) that 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25‐(OH)D; OR = 0.919) was a protective factor. The most important risk factor was a history of one or more SAs, with the risk of pregnancy loss increasing 491.123‐fold. Every unit increase in serum 25‐(OH)D reduced the risk of SA by 8.1%.ConclusionsThe risk factors for URSA included the number of SAs, the levels of autoantibodies and TNF‐α, and the MTHFR C677T T allele; 25‐(OH)D was a protective factor. We recommend that women diagnosed with URSA receive intervention as soon as possible so as to actively reduce the incidence of recurrent SA.
Telling the Truth About Empire? A Word on Methodology
Authors: Biccum April R. 
Published: September 2023

Empire/imperialism are terms that re‐emerge with patterned frequency. Claims that the Australia United Kingdom and United States agreement is imperial, that an Australian empire exists, or that coloniality continues after the end of formal colonialism are all made without connecting colonialism, settler‐colonialism, coloniality, or sub‐imperialism to the larger whole of which it is a part — empire. At the same time, political science has begun to make claims about empire as a particular type of politics and comparative historical literature has also emerged. This paper argues that empire should a site of inquiry for any decolonial project and elaborates what would be involved methodologically. It engages the question of methodology by comparing different approaches to the study of empire. My argument is that the interpretivist approach is the more methodologically robust principally because it raises a series of unresolvable methodological problems. I argue that study of empire, as a particular form of politics, is not just a social scientific question, it is an ethical normative question. I argue that it is politically necessary for the decolonisation of knowledge to broach the question of empire and its methodological problems. Only when we know the truth about empire, can we confidently contribute to a politics that would be post‐imperial.
The role of the mesangium in glomerular function
Authors: Boi Roberto , Ebefors Kerstin , Nyström Jenny 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhen discussing glomerular function, one cell type is often left out, the mesangial cell (MC), probably since it is not a part of the filtration barrier per se. The MCs are instead found between the glomerular capillaries, embedded in their mesangial matrix. They are in direct contact with the endothelial cells and in close contact with the podocytes and together they form the glomerulus. The MCs can produce and react to a multitude of growth factors, cytokines, and other signaling molecules and are in the perfect position to be a central hub for crosstalk communication between the cells in the glomerulus. In certain glomerular diseases, for example, in diabetic kidney disease or IgA nephropathy, the MCs become activated resulting in mesangial expansion. The expansion is normally due to matrix expansion in combination with either proliferation or hypertrophy. With time, this expansion can lead to fibrosis and decreased glomerular function. In addition, signs of complement activation are often seen in biopsies from patients with glomerular disease affecting the mesangium. This review aims to give a better understanding of the MCs in health and disease and their role in glomerular crosstalk and inflammation.
Letter: fatty liver disease could have been a confounding factor for phase change in patients with chronic hepatitis B in the immune tolerant phase
Authors: Wan Bo , Chen Ruanqin , Lin Han 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Lee et al and Lee and Kim papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15741 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16000
Letter: fatty liver disease could have been a confounding factor for phase change in patients with chronic hepatitis B in the immune‐tolerant phase—authors' reply
Authors: Lee Han Ah , Kim Seung Up 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Lee et al and Wan et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15741 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15973
Letter: ACE2, IBD and COVID‐19—why IBD patients may be at reduced risk of COVID‐19
Authors: Prentice Ralley E. , Tjandra Doug , Garg Mayur , Lubel John S. , Fourlanos Spiros , Johnson Doug , Al‐Ani Aysha , Christensen Britt 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Taxonera et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15804
Letter: faecal immunochemical testing for adults with symptoms of colorectal cancer–ready for prime time?
Authors: Farrugia Alexia , Widlak Monika M. , Smith Stephen , Waugh Norman , Arasaradnam Ramesh P. 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Nicholson et al and Turvill papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15969 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16051 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16082
Editorial: defining a microbial signature to predict non‐response to a low FODMAP diet—a step closer or is it? Authors' reply
Authors: Chumpitazi Bruno Pedro , Shulman Robert J. 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Chumpitazi et al and Halmos papers. To view these articles, visithttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16204andhttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16229
Increased incidence of coeliac disease autoimmunity rate in Israel: a 9‐year analysis of population‐based data
Authors: Lechtman Niva , Shamir Raanan , Cohen Shlomi , Chodick Gabriel , Kariv Revital , Supino‐Rosin Lia , Weintraub Yael , Yerushalmy‐Feler Anat , Ben Tov Amir 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundIncidence rate and temporal trends in coeliac disease and coeliac disease autoimmunity incidence vary worldwide with most data available from North American and European countries.AimsTo explore temporal trends in incidence of coeliac disease autoimmunity and their relation to increase in screening tests in Israel.MethodsA large retrospective population‐based study was conducted in Maccabi Healthcare Services, a 2.3‐million‐member health maintenance organisation operating in Israel. The cohort included all patients with newly diagnosed coeliac disease autoimmunity based on first positive anti‐tissue transglutaminase type 2 IgA antibodies. Data were analysed for the years 2007‐2015.ResultsDuring the study period (17.3 million person‐years), a total of 403 283 patients were tested for coeliac disease autoimmunity, of whom 6444 were positive, representing an average incidence rate of 36.64 per 100 000 person‐years (95% CI: 35.74‐37.55). Incidence of coeliac disease autoimmunity increased from 25.4 per 100 000 in 2007 to 52.3 per 100 000 person‐years in 2015 (Incidence rate ratio of 2.06, 95% CI 1.81‐2.26). Coeliac disease autoimmunity incidence was highest in the paediatric age groups, especially in children aged 0‐5, and was 4 times higher than the incidence in adults aged 26‐55 (Incidence rate ratio of 0.24, 95% CI (0.22‐0.26). The increase in incidence surpassed the increase in testing for new patients. Positive trends in incidence were highest in small children, whereas the incidence in adults was stable over the years.ConclusionsThere was a steady increase in coeliac disease autoimmunity incidence in our cohort between the years 2007‐2015. The paediatric population was the only contributor to this trend.
Letter: SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in two inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with dual targeted therapy—Authors' reply
Authors: Al‐Ani Aysha H. , Prentice Ralley E. , Rentsch Clarissa , Christensen Britt 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Al‐Ani et al and Privitera et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15779 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16297
Acute myeloid leukaemia therapeutic innovation and clinical trials: past, present and future
Authors: Craddock Charles 
Published: September 2023

SummaryOutcomes in acute myeloid leukaemia have improved steadily over the last six decades thanks to advances in disease classification, risk stratification and the advent of new drug and transplant therapies. Over this period the UK has made a major contribution to this international effort, both through its delivery of large prospective randomised trials with integrated genomic and measurable residual disease assessments and its pioneering role in the development of allogeneic stem cell transplantation as a potent anti‐leukaemic therapy.
Evolution or revolution in multiple myeloma therapy and the role of the UK
Authors: Cook Gordon , Morris Curly T. C. M. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe knowledge of disease biology as well as the therapeutic landscape in multiple myeloma (MM) has expanded exponentially in recent years. These advances have seen improvements in survivorship, not only in the clinical trial setting but also in the real setting. Importantly there is also every evidence to indicate that such improvements in our understanding and treatments will continue. This article is not intended to be a comprehensive review; rather it aims to give a temporal context to these developments with exemplars, and highlight the central role that UK clinicians, healthcare workers, scientists and most importantly patients and their relatives have played in this revolution.
“Knowing that I had HPV, I literally just shut down”: A qualitative exploration of the psychosocial impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) in women living with mental health conditions
Authors: O'Donnell Nicola , Waller Jo , Marlow Laura , Anderson Niall C. , McBride Emily 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivePsychological distress after testing positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) at cervical cancer screening is well documented in the general population. However, little is known about the impact of an HPV‐positive result on those with pre‐existing mental health conditions, who may be at higher risk of experiencing clinically significant distress. This study explored the psychosocial impact of HPV in women with co‐morbid mental health conditions, as well as their experience of cervical screening during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsSemi‐structured telephone interviews were conducted with 22 women aged 27–54 who had tested positive for HPV at routine cervical screening in England, and who reported having at least one mental health condition. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsBeing informed of an HPV‐positive result increased distress and heightened pre‐existing psychological challenges. Psychosocial response and duration of HPV‐related distress appeared to be influenced by the ability to regulate emotions, number of consecutive HPV‐positive results, interactions with health care professionals, and other life stressors. The experience added further complexity to many women's perceptions of self and self‐esteem. Women who had received psychological treatment for their mental health condition were best able to self‐manage HPV‐related distress by applying learned coping skills.ConclusionsReceiving an HPV‐positive result at cervical screening appears to be a distressing experience for women with co‐morbid mental health conditions. Future hypothesis‐driven research is needed to confirm findings and develop effective interventions to reduce psychosocial burden.
Coping strategies and belief in COVID‐19 conspiracy theories
Authors: Molenda Zuzanna , Marchlewska Marta , Karakula Adam , Szczepańska Dagmara , Rogoza Marta , Green Ricky , Cislak Aleksandra , Douglas Karen M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConspiracy beliefs have been related to aversive emotional experiences often accompanying major world events and have also been linked to maladaptive ways of coping with stress. In this research, we examined how different coping strategies (i.e. self‐sufficient, social‐support, avoidance and religious) predicted the adoption of COVID‐19 conspiracy theories. In two studies (Study 1, n = 1000 and Study 2, n = 616) conducted among Polish participants, we found that avoidance and religious coping were positively linked to COVID‐19 conspiracy beliefs. In Study 1, conspiracy beliefs also mediated the positive relationships between avoidance and religious coping and adherence to safety and self‐isolation guidelines during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Study 2 additionally showed that the relationship between fear, induced by reading threatening news on COVID‐19, and conspiracy beliefs was the strongest among those high in avoidance coping. These studies highlight the role of coping strategies in the adoption of COVID‐19 conspiracy beliefs.
Predictors of asthma control differ from predictors of asthma attacks in children: The Swiss Paediatric Airway Cohort
Authors: Ardura‐Garcia Cristina , Mallet Maria Christina , Berger Daria Olena , Hoyler Karin , Jochmann Anja , Kuhn Alena , Moeller Alexander , Regamey Nicolas , Singer Florian , Pedersen Eva Sophie Lunde , Kuehni Claudia Elisabeth ,   the SPAC Study Team
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear if predictors of asthma attacks are the same as those of asthma symptom control in children.ObjectiveWe evaluated predictors for these two outcomes in a clinical cohort study.MethodsThe Swiss Paediatric Airway Cohort (SPAC) is a multicentre prospective clinical cohort of children referred to paediatric pulmonologists. This analysis included 516 children (5–16 years old) diagnosed with asthma. At baseline, we collected sociodemographic information, symptoms, personal and family history and environmental exposures from a parental baseline questionnaire, and treatment and test results from hospital records. Outcomes were assessed 1 year later by parental questionnaire: asthma control in the last 4 weeks as defined by GINA guidelines, and asthma attacks defined as any unscheduled visit for asthma in the past year. We used logistic regression to identify and compare predictors for suboptimal asthma control and asthma attacks.ResultsAt follow‐up, 114/516 children (22%), reported suboptimal asthma control, and 114 (22%) an incident asthma attack. Only 37 (7%) reported both. Suboptimal asthma control was associated with poor symptom control at baseline (e.g. ≥1 night wheeze/week OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.7–6), wheeze triggered by allergens (2.2; 1.4–3.3), colds (2.3; 1.4–3.6) and exercise (3.2; 2–5), a more intense treatment at baseline (2.4; 1.3–4.4 for Step 3 vs. 1), history of preschool (2.6; 1.5–4.4) and persistent wheeze (2; 1.4–3.2), and exposure to tobacco smoke (1.7; 1–2.6). Incident asthma attacks were associated with previous episodes of severe wheeze (2; 1.2–3.3) and asthma attacks (2.8; 1.6–5 for emergency care visits), younger age (0.8; 0.8–0.9 per 1 year) and non‐Swiss origin (0.3; 0.2–0.5 for Swiss origin). Lung function, exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and allergic sensitization at baseline were not associated with control or attacks.ConclusionChildren at risk of long‐term suboptimal asthma control differ from those at risk of attacks. Prediction tools and preventive efforts should differentiate these two asthma outcomes.
Treatment priorities and regret in older adults with head and neck cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Fahy Emer , Cantwell Linda A. , Patterson Joanne M. , Cherry Mary Gemma , Rogers Simon , Akpan Asangaedem , Hamilton David Winston 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of head and neck cancer (HNC) diagnoses are seen in people aged 70 and older; these numbers are set to increase. Greater understanding of treatment needs of older patients with HNC is essential. These older patients often have co‐existing health conditions, are prone to frailty and may not prioritise survival when considering treatment options. This systematic review examines the current research with regard to priorities and factors influencing treatment regret in older people with HNC.MethodsStudies were eligible for inclusion if they (i) reported data from patients with a mean age of 65 years or older who had a confirmed diagnosis of HNC and had been treated using surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy with either palliative or curative intent, (ii) considered patient's priorities or preferences or examined treatment regret as one of the primary outcomes of the study (iii) were published in English.ResultsPilot search identified n = 7222 articles; however, following screening, only four papers met the inclusion criteria. Narrative synthesis was indicated to analyse quantitative and qualitative evidence in parallel, as meta‐analyses were not possible.DiscussionThere is a paucity in the literature examining older adults with HNC. There is an indication that older adults prioritise maintaining independence when making treatment decisions and treatment regret is seen in those with high levels of depression with level of frailty also a contributing factor. Clinicians should consider patient's social circumstances, premorbid status and priorities in maintaining independence and managing symptoms when making treatment decisions in this cohort.