bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time trend prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection and endoscopic findings in symptomatic children in Portugal: A retrospective study based on three time points in 2009, 2014, and 2019
Authors: Antunes Raquel , Oleastro Monica , Nogueira João Paulo , Lopes Ana Isabel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori infection acquisition occurs mainly in childhood and may be a critical factor in developing long‐term complications. In contrast to other developed countries, previous studies have reported a relatively high H. pylori infection prevalence in Portugal, both in children and adults. However, there are no recent data concerning pediatric population.Materials and MethodsWe performed a retrospective observational study concerning an 11 years period (2009, 2014, 2019), that included patients under 18 years old who underwent upper endoscopy at a pediatric tertiary center. Demographic, clinical‐pathological, and microbiological data were collected.ResultsFour hundred and sixty one children were included. The average age was 11.7 ± 4.4 years. In total, H. pylori infection was confirmed in 37.3% of cases (histology and/or culture) and a decreasing infection trend was observed (p = .027). The most common indication for endoscopy was abdominal pain, which was a good predictor of infection. Antral nodularity was present in 72.2% of the infected children (p < .001). In the oldest age groups, moderate/severe chronic inflammation, H. pylori density and lymphoid aggregates/follicles were positive predictors for the presence of antral nodularity. For all ages, the presence of antral nodularity, neutrophilic activity in the antrum and corpus and lymphoid follicles/aggregates in the antrum were positive predictors for the presence of H. pylori infection. Among the 139 strains tested for antibiotic susceptibility, 48.9% were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. Resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and both was detected in 23.0%, 12.9%, and 6.5% of the strains, respectively; furthermore, resistance to ciprofloxacin and to amoxicillin was observed in 5.0% and 1.4% of the strains, respectively.ConclusionsThe present study reports (for the first time in Portugal) a significant decreasing trend in the prevalence of pediatric H. pylori infection, although it remains relatively high compared to the recently reported prevalence in other South European countries. We confirmed a previously recognized positive association of some endoscopic and histological features with H. pylori infection, as well as a high prevalence rate of resistance to clarithromycin and to metronidazole.The clinical relevance of these findings requires confirmation with further studies at a national level, taking into account the high incidence rate of gastric cancer in Portugal and the potential need for country‐specific intervention strategies.
Families' perception of terminal patients' prognosis awareness is associated with families' own grief: Evidence from a hospital in China
Authors: Chen Chuqian , Du Lina , Cheng Guobin , Jin Yanyan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to explore how families' perceptions of dying patients' prognosis awareness influence families' grief.DesignA cross‐sectional design was adopted.MethodData were collected from a survey of family caregivers of deceased patients through a tertiary hospital in Mainland China between October 2018 and April 2021. One question asked about families' perceptions of patients' awareness of their prognosis, and the Chinese Grief Reaction Assessment Form was used to measure grief. A multiple linear regression with control variables was run to test the link. Missing data were handled with multiple imputation.ResultsA total of 181 participants were involved in the analyses. After whether the patient received professional end‐of‐life care in the last days, the place of death and several basic information variables were controlled, families' grief was more intense when they were sure that patients were unaware of the terminal prognosis compared to when they believed that patients were aware or not sure about the patient's awareness. The latter two groups did not differ significantly in grief intensity.ConclusionFor Chinese family caregivers in the present study, terminal patients' awareness of their prognosis is more beneficial than harmful to their bereavement adaptation. This raises empirical concerns over the assumption that truth is harmful and the nondisclosure pattern on such a basis.ImpactThe findings extend knowledge on the outcomes of information disclosure from the perspective of bereaved family caregivers. Meanwhile, it informs services for the dying and the bereaved: When making decisions about prognosis disclosure to terminally ill patients, potential impacts on not only patients but also families need to be fully considered. For families who are sure that the patient was never aware of the prognosis, additional support ought to be provided to address their intense grief reactions.Patient or Public ContributionSeveral professional caregivers helped revise the questionnaire.
Did everyone change their childbirth plans due to the COVID‐19 pandemic? A web‐based cross‐sectional survey of Polish pregnant women
Authors: Feduniw Stepan , Kajdy Anna , Sys Dorota , Malinowska Olga , Wieczorek Katarzyna , Bagińska Karolina , Rabijewski Michał , Tataj‐Puzyna Urszula , Baranowska Barbara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and AimWith the worldwide outbreak of coronavirus, a significant impact has been observed on the functioning of healthcare systems and the process of childbirth. Women probably did not even have a choice to adjust their plans accordingly to the current situation. The aim of the study was to examine how the outbreak of the SARS CoV‐2 pandemic state affected the decisions of pregnant women about their childbirth plan.DesignThis cross‐sectional study was performed using a web‐based survey published on social media in Poland.MethodsThe cross‐sectional study was performed using web‐based questionnaires. The study group included Polish women who changed their childbirth plans, compared to a group of women not sure about delivery plan change and those whose plans had not changed. The data were collected from 4 March 2020 to 2 May 2020, when the first rising count of new infections was observed in Poland and worldwide. Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA Software, Inc., 13.3 (2020).ResultsOf 969 women who completed the questionnaire and were enrolled into the study, 57.2% had not changed their childbirth plans (group I), 28.4% had changed their plans (group II), and 14.4% of respondents answered “not sure” to this question (group III). The majority of women changed their birth plans during the pandemic because of the potential absence of their partner during labour (56% of women who had changed their plans and 48% of those whose answer was “I am not sure”, p < .001). Another reason was the fear of separation from the child after delivery (33% of women who had changed their plans and 30% of those whose answer was “I am not sure”, p < .001).ConclusionRestrictions due to the COVID‐19 outbreak have influenced the childbirth plans of pregnant women. The changes were independent of women's vision of birth before the pandemic.ImpactThe restriction on births with accompanying person and the risk of separation from their infant after childbirth significantly influenced the decision‐making process. As a result, some women were more likely to opt for a home birth with or even without medical assistance.Patient or Public ContributionThe study participants were women who were pregnant at the time of completing the questionnaire, were over 18 years old and spoke Polish.
End‐user perceptions of sub‐epidermal moisture scanning (SEMS) acceptability: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Tobiano Georgia , Campbell Jill , Allen Gary , Coyer Fiona , Gillespie Brigid M. , Moore Zena , Nowicki Tracy , Walker Rachel M. , Chaboyer Wendy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsTo assess patients' and nurses' perceptions and experiences of subepidermal moisture scanning acceptability.DesignDescriptive, qualitative, sub‐study, embedded within a pilot randomized control trial.MethodsTen patients who were in the intervention arm of the pilot trial and 10 registered nurses providing care for these patients on medical‐surgical units participated in individual semi‐structured interviews. Data were collected from October 2021 to January 2022. Interviews were analysed using inductive qualitative content analysis, and perspectives (patient and nurse), were triangulated.ResultsFour categories were found. The first category ‘Subepidermal moisture scanning is acceptable as part of care’ showed that patients and nurses were willing to use subepidermal moisture scanning and viewed subepidermal moisture scanning as non‐burdensome. The category ‘Subepidermal moisture scanning may improve pressure injury outcomes’ demonstrated that although subepidermal moisture scanning was believed to prevent pressure injuries, more research evidence about its benefits was required. ‘Subepidermal moisture scanning augments existing pressure injury prevention practices’, the third category, highlighted that subepidermal moisture scanning aligns with current pressure injury prevention practices while making these practices more patient‐centred. In the final category, ‘Important considerations when making subepidermal moisture scanning routine practice’, practical issues were raised relating to training, guidelines, infection control, device availability and patient modesty.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that using subepidermal moisture scanning is acceptable for patients and nurses. Building the evidence base for subepidermal moisture scanning and then addressing practical issues prior to implementation, are important next steps. Our research suggests that subepidermal moisture scanning enhances individualized and patient‐centred care, persuasive reasons to continue investigating subepidermal moisture scanning.Impact

For an intervention to be successfully implemented it must be both effective and acceptable, however, there is limited evidence of patients' and nurses' views of SEMS acceptability.

SEM scanners are acceptable to use in practice for patients and nurses. There are many procedural aspects that need to be considered when using SEMS such as frequency of measurements.

This research may have benefit for patients, as SEMS may promote a more individualized and patient‐centred approach to pressure injury prevention. Further, these findings can assist researchers, providing justification to proceed with effectiveness research.

Patient or public contributionA consumer advisor was involved in study design, interpretation of data and preparation of manuscript.
Risk heterogeneity of bullous pemphigoid among dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors: A population‐based cohort study using Japanese Latter‐Stage Elderly Healthcare Database
Authors: Harano Yumi , Mitamura Yasutaka , Jiang Peng , Fujita Takako , Babazono Akira 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionAlthough the association between dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors and bullous pemphigoid (BP) has begun to be established, some studies have suggested there are risk differences among DPP‐4 inhibitors. We conducted a population‐based cohort study to examine the risk differences.Materials and MethodsUsing the claims databases of the Fukuoka Prefecture Wide‐Area Association of Latter‐Stage Elderly Healthcare between April 1, 2013 and March 31, 2017, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to compare patients receiving one DPP‐4 inhibitor with those who were prescribed another antidiabetic drug. The primary outcome was an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of the development of bullous pemphigoid during a 3‐year follow‐up. The secondary outcome was the development of BP requiring systemic steroids immediately after the diagnosis. These were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models.ResultsThe study comprised 33,241 patients, of which 0.26% (n = 88) developed bullous pemphigoid during follow‐up. The percentages of patients with bullous pemphigoid who required immediate systemic steroid treatment was 0.11% (n = 37). We analyzed four DPP‐4 inhibitors: sitagliptin, vildagliptin, alogliptin, and linagliptin. Vildagliptin and linagliptin raised the risk of BP significantly (primary outcome, vildagliptin, HR 2.411 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.325–4.387], linagliptin, HR 2.550 [95% CI 1.266–5.136], secondary outcome, vildagliptin HR 3.616 [95% CI 1.495–8.745], linagliptin HR 3.556 [95% CI 1.262–10.024]). A statistically significant risk elevation was not observed with sitagliptin and alogliptin (primary outcome, sitagliptin, HR 0.911 [95% CI 0.508–1.635], alogliptin, HR 1.600 [95% CI 0.714–3.584], secondary outcome, sitagliptin, HR 1.192 [95% CI 0.475–2.992], alogliptin, HR 2.007 [95% CI 0.571–7.053]).ConclusionsNot all the DPP‐4 inhibitors could induce bullous pemphigoid significantly. Therefore, the association warrants further investigations before generalization.
Construction of endothelial cell‐related and autophagy‐related prognostic models for hepatocellular carcinoma based on single‐cell data
Authors: Mou Lisha , Li Kang , Xu Chenyang , Xu Irene , Yang Yiyuan , Pu Zuhui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to develop an autophagy‐related prognostic model with single‐cell RNA sequencing (ScRNA‐Seq) data for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.MethodsScRNA‐Seq datasets of HCC patients were analyzed by Seurat. The expression of genes involved in canonical and noncanonical autophagy pathways in scRNA‐seq data was also compared. Cox regression was applied to construct an AutRG risk prediction model. Subsequently, we examined the characteristics of AutRG high‐risk and low‐risk group patients.ResultsSix major cell types (hepatocytes, myeloid cells, T/NK cells, B cells, fibroblast cells, and endothelial cells) were identified in the scRNA‐Seq dataset. The results showed that most of the canonical and noncanonical autophagy genes were highly expressed in hepatocytes, with the exception of MAP 1LC3B, SQSTM1, MAP 1LC3A, CYBB, and ATG3. Six AutRG risk prediction models originating from different cell types were constructed and compared. The AutRG prognostic signature (GAPDH, HSP90AA1, and TUBA1C) in endothelial cells had the best overall performance for predicting the overall survival of HCC patients, with 1‐year, 3‐year, and 5‐year AUCs equal to 0.758, 0.68, and 0.651 in the training cohort and 0.760, 0.796, and 0.840 in the validation cohort, respectively. The different tumor mutation burden, immune infiltration, and gene set enrichment characteristics of the AutRG high‐risk and low‐risk group patients were identified.ConclusionWe constructed an endothelial cell‐related and autophagy‐related prognostic model of HCC patients using the ScRNA‐Seq dataset for the first time. This model demonstrated the good calibration ability of HCC patients and provided a new understanding of the evaluation of prognosis.
Influence of simulation design on stress, anxiety and self‐confidence of nursing students: Systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Oliveira Silva George , Oliveira Flavia Silva e , Coelho Alexandre Siqueira Guedes , Fonseca Luciana Mara Monti , Vieira Flaviana Vely Mendonça , Campbell Suzanne Hetzel , Aredes Natália Del Angelo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the simulation design characteristics that may influence the stress, anxiety and self‐confidence of undergraduate nursing students during learning.DesignSystematic review with meta‐analysis.Data SourcesSearchers were conducted in October 2020 and updated in August 2022 in the databases CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase®, ERIC, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO®, Scopus and Web of Science, PQDT Open (ProQuest), BDTD, Google Scholar and specific journals on simulation.Review MethodsThis review was conducted according to the recommendations of Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and reported according to the PRISMA Statement. Experimental and quasi‐experimental studies that compared the effect of simulation on stress, anxiety and self‐confidence of nursing students were included. The selection of studies and data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers. Simulation information was collected as prebriefing, scenario, debriefing, duration, modality, fidelity and simulator. Data summarization was performed by qualitative synthesis and meta‐analytical methods.ResultsEighty studies were included in the review, and most reported in detail the structure of the simulation, contemplating prebriefing, scenario, debriefing and the duration of each step. In subgroup meta‐analysis, the presence of prebriefing, duration of more than 60 min and high‐fidelity simulations helped reduce anxiety, while the presence of prebriefing and debriefing, duration, immersive clinical simulation modalities and procedure simulation, high‐fidelity simulations and use of mannequins, standardised patients and virtual simulators, contributed to greater students' self‐confidence.ConclusionsDifferent modulations of simulation design components imply reduction of anxiety and increased self‐confidence in nursing students, especially highlighting the quality of the methodological report of simulation interventions.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThese findings help to support the need of more rigorous methodology in simulation designs and research methods. Consequently, impact on the education of qualified professionals prepared to work in clinical practice.No Patient or Public Contribution.
Evaluation of fetal cardiac function in fetal growth restriction via fetal HQ analysis based on two‐dimensional STI
Authors: Wang Wen , Liu Ji‐feng , Yin Hong , Wang Ling , Zhang Ge , Song Lin‐lin , Song Yan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAbnormalities of the fetal cardiovascular system caused by fetal growth restriction (FGR) may lead to adverse outcomes. The fetal cardiac function assessment is of great significance for treatment selection and prognostic evaluation of fetuses with FGR.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the value of fetal HQ analysis based on speckle tracking imaging (STI) to evaluate the global and regional cardiac function of fetuses with early‐onset or late‐onset FGR.MethodsFrom June 2020 to November 2022, 30 pregnant women with early‐onset FGR (21–38 gestational weeks) and 30 pregnant women with late‐onset FGR (21–38 gestational weeks) in the Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled. Also, 60 healthy volunteer pregnant women were enrolled as two control groups according to the principle of matching gestational weeks (21–38 gestational weeks). The fetal cardiac functions, including fetal cardiac global spherical index (GSI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), fractional area change (FAC) of both ventricles, global longitudinal strain (GLS) of both ventricles, 24‐segmental fractional shortening (FS), 24‐segmental end‐diastolic ventricular diameter (EDD), and 24‐segmental spherical index (SI), were assessed using fetal HQ. The standard biological values of fetuses and Doppler blood flow parameters of fetuses and mothers were measured. The estimated fetal weight (EFW) measured by the last prenatal ultrasound was calculated, and the weights of newborns were followed up.ResultsAmong early FGR, late FGR and total control group, significant differences were found in global cardiac indexes of right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV) and GSI. For the segmental cardiac indexes, there are significant differences in three groups except parameter of LVSI. Compared with the control group at the same gestational week, the Doppler indexes including MCAPI and CPR in both the early‐onset FGR group and the late‐onset FGR group were significantly different. The intra‐ and inter‐observer correlation coefficients of RV FAC, LV FAC, RV GLS, and LV GLS were good. Further, the intra‐ and inter‐observer variability in FAC and GLS was small, as analyzed using the Bland–Altman scatter plot.ConclusionsFetal HQ software based on STI showed that FGR affected the global and segmental cardiac function of both ventricles. FGR no matter early‐onset or late‐onset altered Doppler indexes significantly. The FAC and the GLS had satisfactory repeatability in evaluating fetal cardiac function.
Functional significance of asymmetrical retention of parental alleles in a hybrid pine species complex
Authors: Qu Chang , Kao Hong‐Na , Xu Hui , Wang Bao‐Sheng , Yang Zhi‐Ling , Yang Qi , Liu Gui‐Feng , Wang Xiao‐Ru , Liu Yan‐Jing , Zeng Qing‐Yin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHybrid genomes usually harbor asymmetrical parental contributions. However, it is challenging to infer the functional significance of asymmetrical retention of parental alleles in hybrid populations of conifer trees. Here we investigated the diversity in the glutathione S‐transferase (GST) gene family in a hybrid pine Pinus densata and its parents (Pinus tabuliformis and Pinus yunnanensis). Plant GSTs play major roles in protecting plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, 19 orthologous groups of GST genes were identified and cloned from these three species. We examined their expression in different tissues, and then purified the corresponding proteins to characterize their enzymatic activities and specificities toward different substrates. We found that among the 19 GST orthologous groups, divergence in gene expression and in enzymatic activities toward different substrates was prevalent. P. densata preferentially retained P. yunnanensis‐like GSTs for 17 out of the 19 gene loci. We determined the first GST crystal structure from conifer species at a resolution of 2.19 Å. Based on this structure, we performed site‐directed mutagenesis to replace amino acid residuals in different wild‐types of GSTs to understand their functional impacts. Reciprocal replacement of amino acid residuals in native GSTs of P. densata and P. tabuliformis demonstrated significant changes in enzyme functions and identified key sites controlling GSTs activities. This study illustrates an approach to evaluating the functional significance of sequence variations in conifer genomes. Our study also sheds light on plausible mechanisms for controlling the selective retention of parental alleles in the P. densata genome.
Danish post‐marketing pharmacosurveillance of spontaneous Oral Adverse Drug Reactions 2009–2019
Authors: Ellefsen Birita Sofia , Larsen Kristine Røn , Reibel Jesper , Kragelund Camilla 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPost‐marketing pharmacosurveillance is important to reduce harm to patients from marketed drugs. Oral adverse drug reactions (OADRs) are seldom reported and only few OADRs are listed scarcely in summary of product characteristics (SmPC) of drugs.ObjectiveStructured search for OADRs in the Danish Medicines Agencies database from January 2009 to July 2019.ResultsForty‐eight percent of OADRs were categorized as “serious” where oro‐facial swelling was reported 1041 times, medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) 607 times and para‐ or hypoaesthesia 329 times. Four‐hundred‐eighty OADRs in 343 cases were related to biologic or biosimilar drugs where 73% affected the jawbone as MRONJ. Physician reported 44%, dentists 19% and citizens 10% of OADRs.ConclusionsHealth care professionals had a sporadic reporting pattern that seemed to be influenced by the debate in the community and in professional circles but also by the information in the SmPC of the drugs. The results indicate some reporting stimulation of OADRs in relation to Gardasil 4, Septanest, Eltroxin and MRONJ. Eventually the knowledge of OADRs increases but there is a risk of skewed information if reporting is not systematic, reliable and consistent. All healthcare professionals must be educated in spotting and reporting all suspected adverse drug reactions.