bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Insight into the Genetic structure and Banding pattern Analysis of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) with Random Amplified Microsatellites (RAMs)
Authors: Khan Md Mahmudul Hasan , Rafii Mohd Y. , Ramlee Shairul Izan , Jusoh Mashitah , Mamun Md Al , Kundu Bimal Chandra 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
A set of 44 selected Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.) accessions was sampled from 11 distinct populations of four geographical zones to assess the genetic drift, population structure, phylogenetic relationship, and genetic differentiation linked with ISSR primers. In Malaysia, this is an exotic legume introduced from Africa and having tremendous nutritional values and diverse usages.
Methods and Results
The amplification of genomic DNA with 32 ISSR markers detected an average of 97.64% polymorphism while 35.15% and 51.08% polymorphism per population and geographical zone, respectively. Genetic diversity estimated by Shannon’s information index (I) = 0.177 (average) and populations under Gombe showed maximum diversity (I = 0.271) with 90.98% polymorphism. Analysis of molecular variance revealed significant variation within population 75% and between population 25% whereas within region 84% and between region 16%. The study also divulged total genetic variation Ht = 0.1781 closer to within population diversity (Hs = 0.1155). Among the population, Cancaraki revealed 40.39% polymorphism while the average polymorphism was 35.15%. The Bidillali exposed greater number of locally common band i.e., NLCB (≤ 25%) = 25 and NLCB (≤ 50%) = 115 were shown by Cancaraki while the lowest was recorded as NLCB (≤ 25%) = 6 and NLCB (≤ 50%) = 72 for Roko and Maibergo, accordingly. The highest PhiPT value was noted between Roko and Katawa (0.405*) whereas Nei’s genetic distance was maximum between Roko and Karu (0.124). The genetic differentiation among population Gst = 0.3514 (35.14%) leaving 65.86% of genetic variation leads to within-population with gene flow of Nm = 0.9229. Based on Nei’s genetic distance, a radial phylogenetic tree was constructed that assembled the entire accessions into 3 major clusters for further confirmation unrooted NJ vs NNet split tree analysis based on uncorrected P distance exposed the similar result. Principal coordinate analysis showed variation as PC1 (15.04%) > PC2 (5.81%). Mantel test exposed a significant correlation among genetic and geographic distance of accessions. STRUCTURE analysis (Bayesian) grouped the accessions into 3 major genetic components based on best ΔK = 3 and admixture population.
Conclusions
The current study leads to prompting the genetic improvement and future breeding program by maximum utilization and better conservation of existing V. subterranea accessions in this subtropical environment.
Effect of Modified Surface of Cotton Straw Nanocellulose and Their Application for Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solution
Authors: . Sheetal , Pal Jitender 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In recent years, there is a rapid growth in nanotechnology. This study's goals were to first modify the nanocellulose surface using titanium dioxide (TiO2) to become nanocomposite and then determine how well a nanocomposite adsorbs lead ions from water. Nanocellulose was synthesized from the cotton straw residue using chemical and mechanical methods. The layer of titanium dioxide is coated on nanocellulose. The nanocomposite of titanium dioxide was characterized by using FTIR, XRD, and FESEM. The results showed that Ti-O-Ti bonding was observed at 505.02 cm-1. The structure of the nanocomposite is much more disordered and irregular. The presence of a 65 % anatase phase and 32 % rutile phase is found in the crystalline particle of the nanocomposite. The crystal structure of the nanocellulose and nanocomposite is found with particle sizes 18 nm and 83 nm. The nanocomposite was utilized to absorb lead ion concentration from the aqueous solution. The adsorption capacity of nanocomposite was analyzed with kinetics, isothermal and thermodynamic models. Kinetic parameters show that the pseudo 2nd order (R2=0.98) nonlinear kinetic model is the best fitted and in isotherm model Langmuir (R2=0.99), Elovich (R2=0.99) and Baudu (R2=0.99) isotherms were well suited for the adsorption of lead ions. Thermodynamic parameters resulted in Gibbs free energy decreasing with temperature.
Groundwater level prediction in Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh, India using Bayesian Neural Networks
Authors: Rekapalli Rajesh , GATHALA VINOD MATHEWS , N PurnachandraRao , Begum Shaik Kareemunisa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Groundwater level and rainfall measurements from 37 borewells in the Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh, India from 2002 to 2021 were analysed using Bayesian Neural Networks (BNN) to comprehend the predictability. We found chaotic dynamics in the groundwater and rainfall data, but a dominant trend component was seen in the groundwater from phase plots. Dynamics suggest the presence of self-organized criticality/chaos in the groundwater changes over decadal time scales. We used BNN prediction models (i) Non-linear Autoregressive (NAR) (ii) Non-linear Input Output and (NIO) (iii) Non-linear Autoregressive Exogenic Input (NARX) to predict the groundwater level changes with rainfall as an exogenic input. We noticed ~ 94 to 95% prediction accuracy with the NAR model with optimal inputs and ~ 1% improvement with added exogenic input. Interestingly, the study indicates that the (i) dynamics of the groundwater differ significantly from rainfall and temperature in the region (ii) the Non-Linear Autoregressive Model considered based on the self-organized dynamics of groundwater level changes is robust in providing prediction accuracy up to ~ 95% (iii) dynamics of rest of the 5% may be due to the presence of extreme events, whose dynamics are closely related to random processes of the changes attributed to randomly varying manmade and weather changes.
A Digital Workflow for Mini-Implant–Assisted Rapid Palatal Expander Construction
Authors: Hsu Li-Fang , Moon Won , Chen Shih-Chin , Chang Kelvin Wen-Chung 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Non-surgical mini-implant assisted rapid palatal expansion, or midfacial skeletal expansion, is a paradigm-shifting concept that in recent years has expanded the envelope of orthopedic movement in the transverse direction for adult patients. Although adding mini-screws to a rapid palatal expander is not complicated, accurate and successful expansion strongly depends on the device’s position and its relation to the resisting structures of the maxillofacial complex.

Case presentation

This article presents a digital workflow to locate the optimal position of the Midfacial Skeletal Expander (MSE) device in a CBCT-combined intraoral scan file and describes how to transfer the MSE position intra-orally with properly sized bands during the device fabrication. The complete digital workflow of MSE fabrication and its application for a Class III orthognathic surgical case is presented in detail.

Conclusions

This report describes a completely digital process that can accurately position the MSE device according to the orientation and morphology of maxillary basal bone, which is crucial in adult cases demand maxillary expansion.
Application of Left Ventricular Endomyocardial Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Fang Chuangsen , Lan Ming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: The clinical features of mitochondrial cardiomyopathy (MCM) are diverse. It can present as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or dilated cardiomyopathy. The diagnosis of MCM is challenging and usually based on biopsy.
Case presentation: The 30-year-old man was admitted to hospital due to dyspnea for 1 month and edema of both lower extremities for 1 week. Echocardiography suggested a whole heart enlargement, a whole heart diminished function. Renal impairment and diabetes were observed. Coronary angiography showed single-vessel disease (90% stenosis in the ostium of a small marginal branch). Left ventricular endomyocardial biopsy was performed.
Conclusion: Myocardial histopathology demonstrated a large number of abnormal mitochondrial accumulation, so the diagnosis was considered as mitochondrial cardiomyopathy.
Familial Confounding of Internalising Symptoms and Obesity in Adolescents and Young Adults; A Co-Twin Analysis
Authors: Campbell Alexander , Ferreira Lucas Calais , Hahn Elisabeth , Spinath Frank , Hopper John , Young Jesse 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Obesity and internalising disorders, including depression and anxiety, often co-occur. There is evidence that familial confounding contributes to the co-occurrence of internalising disorders and obesity in adults. However, its impact on this association among young people is unclear. Our study investigated the extent to which familial factors confound the association between internalising disorders and obesity in adolescents and young adults.
Subjects/methods
We used a matched co-twin design to investigate the impact of confounding by familial factors on associations between internalising symptoms and obesity in a sample of 4,018 twins aged 16 to 27 years.
Results
High levels of internalising symptoms increased the odds of obesity for the whole cohort (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2, 5.4), and in females (AOR=3.3, 95%CI 1.3, 8.9), but not in males (AOR=2.3 95%CI 0.6, 7.9). In the paired analysis, we found internalising disorders were associated with an increased between-pair odds of obesity (AOR 3.9, 95%CI 1.2, 13.1), but the within-pair association attenuated to the null after controlling for familial confounding. Sex-stratified analyses indicated high internalising symptoms were associated with increased between-pair odds of obesity in females (AOR 7.8, 95%CI 1.5, 40.8), but this attenuated to the null after adjusting for familial confounding. We found no evidence of between or within-pair associations for males and weak evidence that sex modified the association between internalising symptoms and obesity (likelihood ratio test p= 0.037).
Conclusions: Shared early environmental and/or genetic variants among twins partially confound the association between internalising symptoms and obesity in adolescent and young adult females. Internalising symptoms and obesity were not associated in adolescent and young adult males. Prevention and treatment efforts should address individual and familial determinants of obesity, particularly targeted at female adolescents and young adults with internalising disorders and those with a family history of these disorders.
The genomic signature of resistance to platinum-containing neoadjuvant therapy based on single-cell data
Authors: Sui Qihai , Hu Zhengyang , Jin Xing , Bian Yunyi , Zhang Huan , Liang Jiaqi , Yang Huiqiang , Lin Zongwu , Wang Qun , Zhan Cheng , Chen Zhencong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) becomes the first-line option for advanced tumors, while patients who are not sensitive to it may not benefit. Therefore, it is important to screen patients suitable for NACT.
Methods
Single-cell data of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) before and after cisplatin-containing (CDDP) NACT and cisplatin IC50 data of tumor cell lines were analyzed to establish a CDDP neoadjuvant chemotherapy score (NCS). Differential analysis, GO, KEGG, GSVA and logistic regression models were performed by R. Survival analysis were applied to public databases. siRNA knockdown in A549, PC9, TE1 cell lines, qRT-PCR, western-blot, cck8 and EdU experiments were used for further verification in vitro.
Results
485 genes were expressed differentially in tumor cells before and after neoadjuvant treatment for LUAD and ESCC. After combining the CDDP-associated genes, 12 genes, CAV2, PHLDA1, DUSP23, VDAC3, DSG2, SPINT2, SPATS2L, IGFBP3, CD9, ALCAM, PRSS23, PERP, were obtained and formed the NCS score. The higher the score, the more sensitive the patients were to CDDP-NACT. The NCS divided LUAD and ESCC into two groups. Based on differentially expressed genes, a model was constructed to predict the high and low NCS. CAV2, PHLDA1, ALCAM, CD9, IGBP3 and VDAC3 were significantly associated with prognosis. Finally, we demonstrated that the knockdown of CAV2, PHLDA1 and VDAC3 in A549, PC9 and TE1 significantly increased the sensitivity to cisplatin.
Conclusions
NCS scores and related predictive models for CDDP-NACT were developed and validated to assist in selecting patients who might benefit from it.
P, N, Si synergistic flame-retarding water polyurethane coating with superior flame retardancy and hydrophobicity
Authors: Zhou jianhua , Dong Fangxin , Liu Chen , Lu Kai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Water polyurethane with flame retardant and hydrophobic properties was synthesized by in situ polymerization using 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-[N, N-bis-(2- hydroxyethyl-amino-methyl)]-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO-DAM) as flame retardant modifying agent, hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as hydrophobic modifying agent. FT-IR and TEM characterized the chemical structure and morphology of modified WPU. The effects of DOPO-DAM and PDMS dosage on the performance of modified WPU were investigated. The tensile strength for the modified WPU films first increased and then decreased with increasing of DOPO-DAM dosage. Incorporating DOPO-DAM and PDMS into WPU significantly enhanced flame retardancy, as evidenced by the reduction in peak heat release rate, total heat release rate, total smoke production, effective heat of combustion, and carbon dioxide production rate. The scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed that the good flame retardancy of modified WPU was due to the synergistic effect of P, N and Si elements. Afterward, modified WPU as a finishing agent was coated on polyester fabric. The experimental results of LOI and the vertical burning test indicated that when the dosage of DOPO-DAM was 6 wt% in modified WPU, after-flame time, after-glow time, damage length and LOI values of the coated polyester fabric were 7.0 s, 0.0 s, 8.5 cm and 26.2%, respectively. In addition, with the increased PDMS dosage in modified WPU, the water contact angle of the coated fabrics showed an upward trend and remained stable. The addition of PDMS not only improved the flame retardancy of the coated fabric but also had a good effect on hydrophobicity.
Identification and Discrimination of Volatiles Associated With Chalkbrood Infection in European Honey Bees (Apis Mellifera), Eastern Australia
Authors: FINSTROM MICHAEL SIMONE , ANGOVE MICHAEL , BROOKS PETER , GERDTS JODY 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Chalkbrood disease in honey bees is caused by the fungal pathogen Ascosphaera apis. Transmission occurs when developing larvae are fed brood food containing infectious spores. These spores germinate in the larval gut producing hyphae which penetrate the larval cuticle and can sporulate on the cadaver. Infection with A. apis can trigger changes in larval volatile profiles, producing chemical cues that influence colony behaviour. For example, the production of phenethyl acetate by infected larvae is known to elicit cannibalism and/or removal in highly hygienic honey bees providing a colony level protection from chalkbrood disease however, recent evidence in Australia suggests that hygienic behaviour is failing to confer chalkbrood resistance. To better understand this host-pathogen relationship the present study identified semiochemicals produced by infected larvae and measured the response of bees from hygienic colonies in a field assay. In field trials, bees from hygienic colonies responded to brood cappings topically treated with phenethyl acetate within three hours, significantly faster than cappings treated with phenethyl alcohol or gamma decalactone. Gamma decalactone, was associated with uncapping at 24 hours in hygienic colonies, but this response appears insufficient to influence colony level disease. These findings indicate that A. apis in Australia does produce phenethyl acetate and that hygienic bees are able to discriminate and respond to the compound. However, more research is needed to better understand the host-pathogen relationship in the Australian context in order to pursue genetic improvement of honey bee stocks for disease resistance.
Correlation analysis of FT3/FT4 and frailty in elderly patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Qu Jiling , Ji Siqi , Zhou Ting , Sun Huiping , Xue Mengxin , Qi Minghui , Hou Ping , Wang Chuntao , Liu Yongbing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To explore the effect of thyroid hormone (TH) on the risk of frailty in elderly patients with CHD.
Methods: Fried scale was used to assess frailty of participants. The predictive value of TH for frailty was determined using the patient's operating characteristic curve. Univariate analysis was used to examine potential factors affecting frailty. Multivariate logistic regression model was utilized to analyze the relationship between TH and frailty.
Results:A total of 277 elderly patients with CHD were included in the study, of which 29.96% were in a state of frailty. FT3/FT4 predicted frailty with the largest area under the curve of 0.634. Unordered multinomial logistic regression analysisshowed that a lower T3 level was a risk factor for pre-frailty (P < 0.05). Lower levels of T3, FT3, and FT3/FT4 were risk factors for frailty (P< 0.05) after adjusting for demographic variables and blood indexes.
Conclusion: The predictive value of FT3/FT4 for frailty was more accurate than that of a single index. Moreover, T3≤1.095nmol/L, FT3≤4.085pmol/L, and FT3/FT4≤0.336 were shown to be the influencing factors of frailty, while T3≤1.095nmol/L is an independent risk factor pre-frailty. Suggesting new ideas for the prevention and treatment of frailty in elderly patients with CHD.
The association between hypoalbuminemia and microcirculation, endothelium and glycocalyx disorders in children with sepsis.
Authors: Fernández-Sarmiento Jaime , Hernández-Sarmiento Ricardo , Salazar María Paula , Barrera Sofia , Castilla Valeria , Duque Catalina 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Endothelial inflammation and activation in sepsis can alter albumin synthesis and increase its loss. In these patients, hypoalbuminemia tends to be associated with worse outcomes. The consequences of hypoalbuminemia for the microcirculation of children with sepsis are unknown. We evaluated the association between hypoalbuminemia and microcirculation disorders, endothelial activation and glycocalyx degradation in this group of patients.
Methods
This was an observational, analytical, prospective cohort study in children with sepsis hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The primary outcome was the association between hypoalbuminemia and microcirculation disorders using a perfused boundary region (PBR) > 2.0 µm on sublingual video microscopy or plasma biomarkers (syndecan-1, angiopoietin-2). The secondary outcomes were the association between hypoalbuminemia, microcirculation disorders, the inflammatory response and the need for mechanical ventilation.
Results
Out of the 1,180 admissions to the PICU during the study period, 125 patients with sepsis were included. The median age was 2.0 years (IQR 0.5–12.5), and the main focus of infection was respiratory. Children with hypoalbuminemia had more abnormal microcirculation with a higher PBR flow corrected (2.16 µm [IQR 2.03–2.47] vs. 1.92 [1.76–2.28]; p = 0.01) and more 4–6 µm capillaries recruited (60% vs. 40%; p = 0.04). The low albumin group that had the worst PBR had the most 4–6 µm capillaries recruited (rho 0.29; p < 0.01), 48% higher Ang-2 (p = 0.04), worse annexin A5 (p = 0.03) and no syndecan-1 abnormalities (p = 0.21). Children with hypoalbuminemia and a greater percentage of blood volume in their capillaries needed mechanical ventilation more often (56.3% vs. 43.7%; aOR 2.01 95% CI 1.38–3.10 :p < 0.01). Children with corrected hypoalbuminemia had improved PBR levels (aOR: 0.17: p5% CI 0.04–0.75; p = 0.02), shorter PICU stays (p = 0.01) and lower mortality (p = 0.02).
Conclusions
In children with sepsis, an association was found between hypoalbuminemia and microcirculation changes, vascular permeability and greater endothelial glycocalyx degradation. Hypoalbuminemia correction was associated with a recovered glycocalyx, shorter hospital stay and lower mortality.
Enhanced Decentralized Federated Learning based on Consensus in Connected Vehicles
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Dong Zehui , Xu Zhiwei , Liu Siyuan , Tian Jie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Advanced researches on connected vehicles have recently targeted to the integration of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks with Machine Learning (ML) tools and distributed decision making. Federated learning (FL) is emerging as a new paradigm to train machine learning (ML) models in distributed systems, including vehicles in V2X networks. Rather than sharing and uploading the training data to the server, the updating of model parameters (e.g., neural networks’ weights and biases) is applied by large populations of interconnected vehicles, acting as local learners. Despite these benefits, the limitation of existing approaches is the centralized optimization which relies on a server for aggregation and fusion of local parameters, leading to the drawback of a single point of failure and scaling issues for increasing V2X network size. Meanwhile, in intelligent transport scenarios, data collected from onboard sensors are redundant, which degrades the performance of aggregation. To tackle these problems, we explore a novel idea of decentralized data processing and introduce a federated learning framework for in-network vehicles, C-DFL( Consensus based Decentralized Federated Learning), to tackle federated learning on connected vehicles and improve learning quality. Extensive simulations have been implemented to evaluate the performance of C-DFL, that demonstrates C-DFL outperforms the performance of conventional methods in all cases.
Glandular secretory trichomes formation mechanism study on synthesis and storage of terpenoids in lavender
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Wang Di , Li Hui , Bai Hongtong , Sun Meiyu , Shi Lei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Lavender belongs to the family Lamiaceae and is an aromatic plant that is widely grown as an ornamental plant. The chemical components of lavender are characterized by the presence of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoidsand other irregular types. These main compounds are primarily synthesized and stored in an epidermal secretory structure, glandular secretory trichomes (GSTs).
Results: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are responsible for the aroma characteristics of plant oil that drive consumer preference. It is usually regarded as a characteristic character in the classification of aromatic plants. Interestingly, VOCs are synthesized and stored in GSTs. In this study, we measured the VOCs of four lavenders by HS-SPME-GC-MS. Among them, 66 volatile organic compounds were identified, flowers were the main site of accumulation of VOCs and its prominent components were linalyl acetate and linalool. In Lamiaceae, GSTs usually include peltate glandular trichomes (PGTs) and capitate glandular trichomes (CGTs), like Perilla frutescens, peppermint, Ocimum basilicum, thyme, oregano, etc. But there were no reports about GSTs in lavender until now. We also examined the developmental processes of PGTs, it included the head and the stalk region, the head cells have a secretory, VOCs are produced by these secretory cells. Based on a reference genome from ‘Jingxun 2’, several genes related to GSTs belonged to R2R3-MYB subfamily had been identified. These results will give a directive sense for GSTs engineering and molecular breeding of lavender for targeting VOCs.
Conclusions: In this study, we used HS-SPME-GC/MS to identify VOCs of these lavenders. We analyzed the formation of GSTs in lavender and compared quantity and diameter size of four lavenders. In the meanwhile, we found four candidate genes belonging to R2R3-MYB family.