bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefits of electronic charts in intensive care and during a world health pandemic: advantages of the technology age
Authors: Pankhurst Tanya , Lucas Laurie , Ryan Steve , Ragdale Chris , Gyves Helen , Denner Louise , Young Ian , Rathbone Laura , Shah Anwar , McKee Deborah , Coleman Jamie J , Evison Felicity , Atia Jolene , Rosser David , Garrick Mark , Baker Richard , Gallier Suzy , Ball Simon 
Published: January 2023

Aims and objectivesThis study sets out to describe benefits from the implementation of electronic observation charting in intensive care units (ICU). This was an extension to the existing hospital wide digital health system. We evaluated error reduction, time-savings and the costs associated with conversion from paper to digital records. The world health emergency of COVID-19 placed extraordinary strain on ICU and staff opinion was evaluated to test how well the electronic system performed.MethodsA clinically led project group working directly with programmers developed an electronic patient record for intensive care. Data error rates, time to add data and to make calculations were studied before and after the introduction of electronic charts. User feedback was sought pre and post go-live (during the COVID-19 pandemic) and financial implications were calculated by the hospital finance teams.ResultsError rates equating to 219 000/year were avoided by conversion to electronic charts. Time saved was the equivalent of a nursing shift each day. Recurrent cost savings per year were estimated to be £257k. Staff were overwhelmingly positive about electronic charts in ICU, even during a health pandemic and despite redeployment into intensive care where they were using the electronic charts for the first time.DiscussionElectronic ICU charts have been successfully introduced into our institution with benefits in terms of patient safety through error reduction and improved care through release of nursing time. Costs have been reduced. Staff feel supported by the digital system and report it to be helpful even during redeployment and in the unfamiliar environment of intensive care.
Alteration of faecal microbiota balance related to long-term deep meditation
Authors: Sun Ying , Ju Peijun , Xue Ting , Ali Usman , Cui Donghong , Chen Jinghong 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundAdvancements in research have confirmed that gut microbiota can influence health through the microbiota–gut–brain axis. Meditation, as an inner mental exercise, can positively impact the regulation of an individual’s physical and mental health. However, few studies have comprehensively investigated faecal microbiota following long-term (several years) deep meditation. Therefore, we propose that long-term meditation may regulate gut microbiota homeostasis and, in turn, affect physical and mental health.AimsTo investigate the effects of long-term deep meditation on the gut microbiome structure.MethodsTo examine the intestinal flora, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on faecal samples of 56 Tibetan Buddhist monks and neighbouring residents. Based on the sequencing data, linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was employed to identify differential intestinal microbial communities between the two groups. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) analysis was used to predict the function of faecal microbiota. In addition, we evaluated biochemical indices in the plasma.ResultsThe α-diversity indices of the meditation and control groups differed significantly. At the genus level,PrevotellaandBacteroideswere significantly enriched in the meditation group. According to the LEfSe analysis, two beneficial bacterial genera (MegamonasandFaecalibacterium) were significantly enriched in the meditation group. Functional predictive analysis further showed that several pathways—including glycan biosynthesis, metabolism and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis—were significantly enriched in the meditation group. Moreover, plasma levels of clinical risk factors were significantly decreased in the meditation group, including total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B.ConclusionsLong-term traditional Tibetan Buddhist meditation may positively impact physical and mental health. We confirmed that the gut microbiota composition differed between the monks and control subjects. The microbiota enriched in monks was associated with a reduced risk of anxiety, depression and cardiovascular disease and could enhance immune function. Overall, these results suggest that meditation plays a positive role in psychosomatic conditions and well-being.
Cross-sectional associations of different types of nature exposure with psychotropic, antihypertensive and asthma medication
Authors: Turunen Anu W , Halonen Jaana , Korpela Kalevi , Ojala Ann , Pasanen Tytti , Siponen Taina , Tiittanen Pekka , Tyrväinen Liisa , Yli-Tuomi Tarja , Lanki Timo 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundExposure to natural environments is thought to be beneficial for human health, but the evidence is inconsistent.ObjectiveTo examine whether exposure to green and blue spaces in urban environments is associated with mental and physical health in Finland.MethodsThe Helsinki Capital Region Environmental Health Survey was conducted in 2015−2016 in Helsinki, Espoo and Vantaa in Finland (n=7321). Cross-sectional associations of the amounts of residential green and blue spaces within 1 km radius around the respondent’s home (based on the Urban Atlas 2012), green and blue views from home and green space visits with self-reported use of psychotropic (anxiolytics, hypnotics and antidepressants), antihypertensive and asthma medication were examined using logistic regression models. Indicators of health behaviour, traffic-related outdoor air pollution and noise and socioeconomic status (SES) were used as covariates, the last of these also as a potential effect modifier.ResultsAmounts of residential green and blue spaces or green and blue views from home were not associated with medications. However, the frequency of green space visits was associated with lower odds of using psychotropic medication (OR=0.67, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.82 for 3–4 times/week; 0.78, 0.63 to 0.96 for ≥5 times/week) and antihypertensive (0.64, 0.52 to 0.78; 0.59, 0.48 to 0.74, respectively) and asthma (0.74, 0.58 to 0.94; 0.76, 0.59 to 0.99, respectively) medication use. The observed associations were attenuated by body mass index, but no consistent interactions with SES indicators were observed.ConclusionsFrequent green space visits, but not the amounts of residential green or blue spaces, or green and blue views from home, were associated with less frequent use of psychotropic, antihypertensive and asthma medication in urban environments.
Wood density variations of E. urophylla clone among growth sites are related to climate
Authors: Almeida Maria Naruna Felix , Vidaurre Graziela Baptista , Louzada José Luis Penetra Cerveira , Pezzopane José Eduardo Macedo , Rocha Sofia Maria Gonçalves , Câmara Ana Paula , Oliveira Jean Carlos Lopes , Alvares Clayton Alcarde , Campoe Otávio Camargo 
Published: January 2023

The Eucalyptus genus is extensively planted in Brazil for industrial use, and with the expansion of forest frontiers and climate changes, studies are needed on how these changes affect wood density (WD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of some climate variables on WD of an Eucalyptus urophylla clone for a 4–5 year period. WD from trees collected in 12 sites were evaluated. Five growth rings were identified using a magnifying glass, X-ray densitometry, and forest inventory. WD was correlated with temperature ( T), precipitation ( P), soil water deficit, ring width, and current annual increment. There was no variation in WD in the first 20 months among sites. From that age on, WD was mainly correlated with T ( r > 0.6). The 1 °C increase in T resulted in a WD reduction of 0.014 g cm−1, and increases of 10 m³ ha−1 in the final volume were related to an increase of 0.004 g cm−1 in WD. Researchers and managers should continue to put efforts into broad experimental networks to assess the effects of climate change on the adaptation and wood quality of Eucalyptus clones. Highlights The influence of climate on E. urophylla wood density was greater after the third year of growth. The mean air temperature was the best correlated climatic variable with E. urophylla wood density. The cross-site climatic gradient was more important in wood density variation of E. urophylla than the variability among the years.
Influence of winter ticks (Dermacentor albipictus) and temperature on recumbent behaviour of moose (Alces alces) calves
Authors: Addison Edward M. , Thompson Daniel P. , McLaughlin Robert F. , Fraser Douglas J.H. 
Published: January 2023

Heavy infestations with winter ticks ( Dermacentor albipictus (Packard, 1869)) have been associated with mortality of moose ( Alces alces (Linnaeus, 1758)). Recumbency is an obligate behaviour for moose when ruminating and when conserving core body heat in cold weather. Recumbent behaviours were used to establish impacts of ticks and ambient temperatures on moose calves during the winter. Calves ( n = 12) were evenly divided into no-tick, low-tick, and high-tick groups. Recumbency bout duration increased over the winter but was independent of the tick group. The probability of ruminating decreased during warm temperatures for infested moose in the early stages of infestation. Legs tucked tightly decreased with increasing ambient temperature for all groups, and all groups had a higher probability of head down when ambient conditions were colder. The greatest differences in behaviour were between moose of the high-tick group and other moose. During the most active tick phases when ambient conditions dropped below −10 °C, moose of the high-tick group had a higher probability of being recumbent with their head down and legs tucked tight to the body. Energy conservation, irritation from ticks, and the impact of body condition are the three primary stimuli that most likely influenced recumbent postures of moose calves in this study.
No constraints for f(T) gravity from gravitational waves induced from primordial black hole fluctuations
Authors: Papanikolaou Theodoros , Tzerefos Charalampos , Basilakos Spyros , Saridakis Emmanuel N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrimordial black hole (PBH) fluctuations can induce a stochastic gravitational wave background at second order, and since this procedure is sensitive to the underlying gravitational theory it can be used as a novel tool to test general relativity and extract constraints on possible modified gravity deviations. We apply this formalism in the framework of f(T) gravity, considering three viable mono-parametric models. In particular, we investigate the induced modifications at the level of the gravitational-wave source, which is encoded in terms of the power spectrum of the PBH gravitational potential, as well as at the level of their propagation, described in terms of the Green function which quantifies the propagator of the tensor perturbations. We find that, within the observationally allowed range of the f(T) model-parameters, the obtained deviations from general relativity, both at the levels of source and propagation, are practically negligible. Hence, we conclude that realistic and viable f(T) theories can safely pass the primordial black hole constraints, which may offer an additional argument in their favor.
Rényi entropy correction to expanding universe
Authors: Fazlollahi H. R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Rényi entropy comprises a group of data estimates that sums up the well-known Shannon entropy, acquiring a considerable lot of its properties. It appears as unqualified and restrictive entropy, relative entropy, or common data, and has found numerous applications in information theory. In the Rényi’s argument, the area law of the black hole entropy plays a significant role. However, the total entropy can be modified by some quantum effects, motivated by the randomness of a system. In this note, by employing this modified entropy relation, we have derived corrections to Friedmann equations. Taking this entropy associated with the apparent horizon of the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker Universe and assuming the first law of thermodynamics,$$dE=T_{A}{dS}_{A}+WdV$$dE=TAdSA+WdV, satisfies the apparent horizon, we have reconsidered expanding Universe. Also, the second thermodynamics law has been examined.
Complexity of warped conformal field theory
Authors: Bhattacharyya Arpan , Katoch Gaurav , Roy Shubho R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWarped conformal field theories in two dimensions are exotic nonlocal, Lorentz violating field theories characterized by Virasoro–Kac–Moody symmetries and have attracted a lot of attention as candidate boundary duals to warped AdS$$_3$$

3

spacetimes, thereby expanding the scope of holography beyond asymptotically AdS spacetimes. Here we investigate WCFT$$_2$$

2

s using circuit complexity as a tool. First we compute the holographic volume complexity (CV) which displays a linear UV divergence structure, more akin to that of a local CFT$$_2$$

2

and has a very complicated dependence on the Virasoro central charge c and the U(1) Kac–Moody level parameter k. Next we consider circuit complexity based on Virasoro–Kac–Moody symmetry gates where the complexity functional is the geometric (group) action on coadjoint orbits of the Virasoro–Kac–Moody group. We consider a special solution to extremization equations for which complexity scales linearly with “time”. In the semiclassical limit (large c, k, while c/k remains finite and small) both the holographic volume complexity and circuit complexity scales with k.
Digging our way to a Just Transition
Authors: McGrath Eoin , O'Donnell Eoin , Torremans Koen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As the world transitions to a green economy and society weans itself off fossil fuel dependency, the potential exists for significant economic and societal hardships to arise in regions locally reliant on the extraction and use of fossil fuels. Across Europe the oil, coal and peat producing regions will see significant job losses as mines and extractive facilities close, along with the relocation of energy infrastructure to more renewable-rich areas. The European Commission has recognized these potential issues and committed to ensuring that the green transition will be a ‘Just Transition’ towards climate neutrality. Within Ireland, the Geological Survey has been examining the potential for geogenic natural resources to assist in providing a Just Transition for workers across the most strongly affected region. The exploration and extraction of raw materials and realization of geothermal potential are among the natural resources that can offset major unemployment and contribute to a Just Transition in the affected areas.
How Important are Detailed Hand Motions for Communication for a Virtual Character Through the Lens of Charades?
Authors: Adkins Alex , Normoyle Aline , Lin Lorraine , Sun Yu , Ye Yuting , Di Luca Massimiliano , Jörg Sophie 
Published: January 2023

Detailed hand motions play an important role in face-to-face communication to emphasize points, describe objects, clarify concepts, or replace words altogether. While shared virtual reality (VR) spaces are becoming more popular, these spaces do not, in most cases, capture and display accurate hand motions. In this article, we investigate the consequences of such errors in hand and finger motions on comprehension, character perception, social presence, and user comfort. We conduct three perceptual experiments where participants guess words and movie titles based on motion captured movements. We introduce errors and alterations to the hand movements and apply techniques to synthesize or correct hand motions. We collect data from more than 1000 Amazon Mechanical Turk participants in two large experiments, and conduct a third experiment in VR. As results might differ depending on the virtual character used, we investigate all effects on two virtual characters of different levels of realism. We furthermore investigate the effects of clip length in our experiments.
Amongst other results, we show that the absence of finger motion significantly reduces comprehension and negatively affects people’s perception of a virtual character and their social presence. Adding some hand motions, even random ones, does attenuate some of these effects when it comes to the perception of the virtual character or social presence, but it does not necessarily improve comprehension. Slightly inaccurate or erroneous hand motions are sufficient to achieve the same level of comprehension as with accurate hand motions. They might however still affect the viewers’ impression of a character. Finally, jittering hand motions should be avoided as they significantly decrease user comfort.
Formalizing UML State Machines for Automated Verification – A Survey
Authors: André Étienne , Liu Shuang , Liu Yang , Choppy Christine , Sun Jun , Dong Jin Song 
Published: January 2023

The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a standard for modeling dynamic systems. UML behavioral state machines are used for modeling the dynamic behavior of object-oriented designs. The UML specification, maintained by the Object Management Group (OMG), is documented in natural language (in contrast to formal language). The inherent ambiguity of natural languages may introduce inconsistencies in the resulting state machine model. Formalizing UML state machine specification aims at solving the ambiguity problem and at providing a uniform view to software designers and developers. Such a formalization also aims at providing a foundation for automatic verification of UML state machine models, which can help to find software design vulnerabilities at an early stage and reduce the development cost. We provide here a comprehensive survey of existing work from 1997 to 2021 related to formalizing UML state machine semantics for the purpose of conducting model checking at the design stage.
The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse: Cancer, Depression, Vitamin D Deficiency, and Obesity: An Observational Study
Authors: Tuna Savas , Aydin Mehmet Akif , Aydin Muhammet Fatih 
Published: January 2023

Objective. Studies aiming at illuminating the complex relationships between cancer, obesity, 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) deficiency, and body fat percentage are ongoing. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between 25-OHD deficiency, visceral fat tissue, and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in cancer patients. Methods. This study was conducted from 2013 to 2022. Patients’ demographic data, such as age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), and laboratory parameters, including prealbumin, albumin, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, 25-OHD, magnesium, hemoglobin, fat percentage, and C-reactive protein, were recorded. The Beck Depression Inventory was used to determine depression levels. Results. A total of 223 colon cancer patients aged 19–84 undergoing chemotherapy at our clinic were included in this prospective study. The male patients’ mean BMI was

22.91
±
3.74

kg/m2, whereas that of the female patients was

26.17
±
3.75

kg/m2. The difference was statistically significant (

p
<
0.001

). The mean total Beck Depression Inventory score was

13
±
9

. In this patient population, 105 (47.09%) patients had minimal depression, 69 (30.94%) had mild depression, 35 (15.70%) had moderate depression, and 14 (6.28%) had severe depression. The Beck Depression Inventory score was negatively and strongly associated with BMI and moderately and negatively associated with albumin levels. Conclusion. This study reveals a significant correlation between 25-OHD levels and the Beck Depression Inventory scores among cancer patients. We believe that 25-OHD levels may be used to determine the presence of depressive symptoms in cancer patients. However, further comprehensive multicentre studies are needed to draw more definitive conclusions.
Protein Kinase B (PKB/AKT) Protects IDH-Mutated Glioma from Ferroptosis via Nrf2
Authors: Liu Yang , Chou Fu-Ju , Lang Fengchao , Zhang Meili , Song Hua , Zhang Wei , Davis Dionne L. , Briceno Nicole J. , Zhang Yang , Cimino Patrick J. , Zaghloul Kareem A. , Gilbert Mark R. , Armstrong Terri S. , Yang Chunzhang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurpose:Mutations of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene are common genetic mutations in human malignancies. Increasing evidence indicates that IDH mutations play critical roles in malignant transformation and progression. However, the therapeutic options for IDH-mutated cancers remain limited. In this study, the investigation of patient cohorts revealed that the PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways were enhanced in IDH-mutated cancer cells.Experimental Design:In this study, we investigated the gene expression profile in IDH-mutated cells using RNA sequencing after the depletion of AKT. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and pathway enrichment analysis were used to discover altered molecular pathways due to AKT depletion. We further investigated the therapeutic effect of the AKT inhibitor, ipatasertib (Ipa), combined with temozolomide (TMZ) in cell lines and preclinical animal models.Results:GSEA and pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the PI3K/AKT pathway significantly correlated with Nrf2-guided gene expression and ferroptosis-related pathways. Mechanistically, AKT suppresses the activity of GSK3β and stabilizes Nrf2. Moreover, inhibition of AKT activity with Ipa synergizes with the genotoxic agent TMZ, leading to overwhelming ferroptotic cell death in IDH-mutated cancer cells. The preclinical animal model confirmed that combining Ipa and TMZ treatment prolonged survival.Conclusions:Our findings highlighted AKT/Nrf2 pathways as a potential synthetic lethality target for IDH-mutated cancers.
Congenital Heart Disease and Fertility: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study Including Both Men and Women
Authors: Udholm Louise F. , Arendt Linn H. , Knudsen Ulla B. , Ramlau‐Hansen Cecilia H. , Hjortdal Vibeke E. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Despite an increasing number of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) reaching reproductive age, the fertility of these patients remains undescribed. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the fertility in men and women with CHD by estimating the risk of infertility and comparing the birth rates, proportions of individuals becoming parents or remaining childless, and the number of children per parent with unaffected individuals.

Methods and Results
The study population consisted of individuals born between 1977 and 2000. Information on CHD, infertility, and live born children were obtained from the Danish health registries. Hazard ratios for infertility were analyzed using a Cox regression model. Differences of proportions and birth rates were calculated and compared between groups. Among 1 385 895 individuals, a total of 8679 (0.6%) were diagnosed with CHD. Men and women with simple or moderate CHD had no increased risk of infertility when compared with the reference population. Estimates for complex CHD groups were too imprecise for evaluation. Individuals with CHD were more often childless with consequently lower birth rates compared with unaffected individuals. However, those becoming parents had the same number of children as the reference population.

Conclusions
Men and women with simple or moderate CHD had the same risk of infertility as the reference population. Despite patients with CHD more often being childless, those becoming parents had the same number of children as parents without CHD. The current findings increase the knowledge regarding fertility in the CHD population.