bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Employment Accommodation Experiences Among American Workers with Multiple Sclerosis: A Mixed-Method Analysis
Authors: Bishop Malachy , Park Sara , Ko Eunjeong , Koc Muharrem , Zhou Kaiqi , Rumrill Phillip 
Published: January 2025

Background In this study we explored the employment accommodation needs and experiences of American workers with multiple sclerosis (MS). Considerable research has examined the factors that people with MS face in maintaining employment. Relatively little has focused on the accommodation experiences and needs of this population. Objective We explored four research questions, concerning (a) the types of vocational accommodations people with MS seek, (b) employer responses to requests, (c) how workers with MS describe their accommodation-related experiences, and (d) what advice participants would offer to other workers with MS. Method The research questions were addressed using a mixed-method cross-sectional survey-based design. The sample included 368 iConquerMS members who were either employed ( n = 267; 72.6%) or had been employed in the past 5 years. Participants completed a web-based survey delivered through the iConquerMS web-based platform. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and inductive thematic analysis. Results Most (51.3%) working participants were not using accommodations. Most participants who requested an employment accommodation received one. The most frequently used accommodations among employed participants included (a) changes in work schedules (21.72%), (b) working at home full-time (21.35%), and (c) modifications of workstation or work facilities (10.86%). Participants described barriers to accessing and maintaining accommodations. Conclusion This study among a large sample of working, or recently working, people with MS provides information on both the successful negotiation and the barriers faced in the employment accommodation process. The implications for vocational rehabilitation professionals are described.
Functional mobility and depression negatively impact quality of life in older adults with stroke
Authors: Telebuh Mirjana , Havelka Mladen , Bertić Želimir , Čovčić Gordana Grozdek , Grubišić Mihaela , Jakuš Lukrecija , Žura Nikolino , Horvat Tišlar Marina , Begić Margareta , Njegovan-Zvonarević Tatjana , Pulić Edina , Jurak Ivan 
Published: January 2025

Background The quality of life (QoL) in elderly post-stroke patients may deteriorate due to an interplay of physical and psychological impairments, compounded by social challenges stemming from these issues. Objective This study aimed to identify predictors of QoL in elderly post-stroke patients by evaluating their functional capabilities, depressive symptoms, and levels of social support. Methods A cohort of 122 individuals aged 65 and older, who had experienced a stroke, was assessed. Functional independence was gauged using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), depressive states were evaluated with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and social support was quantified through the Social Support Scale (SSS). The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was employed to measure QoL. Results The FIM and GDS scores were significant predictors for WHOQOL-BREF domains 1 and 2 (adjusted R² = 0.522, p < 0.01; and adjusted R² = 0.586, p < 0.01, respectively). GDS alone was a significant predictor for domain 3 (adjusted R² = 0.236, p < 0.01), while all variables were significant predictors for domain 4 (adjusted R² = 0.315, p < 0.01). Conclusions Depression, motor function, and social support were identified as the primary predictors of QoL in elderly individuals after suffering a stroke.
The Feasibility of non-motorized Treadmill Training on Lower Extremity Muscle Strength, Balance, and Gait in Patients with Stroke: A Pilot Study
Authors: Cho Minkwon , Jeong Taewoong , Chung Yijung 
Published: January 2025

Background Non-motorized treadmills have been used for health improvement in healthy individuals and for enhancing physical fitness in athletes. However, there is a lack of research focusing on their use with patients with stroke. Objective This study aims to assess the impact of non-motorized treadmill training on lower limb strength, balance, and gait in patients with stroke, and compare it with flat ground walking training. Methods The participants included 22 patients with stroke, divided into two groups: non-motorized treadmill training group ( n = 11) and flat ground walking training group ( n = 11). All participants underwent 20 training sessions, 30 min each, five times a week for four weeks. Outcome measures included the digital dynamometer, Medical Research Council scale (MRC), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Four Square Step Test (FSST), 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and GAITRite. Results The non-motorized treadmill training group showed significant improvements compared to the flat ground walking group in hip abductor and extensor muscle strength, knee flexor and extensor muscle strength, MRC, BBS, FSST, 6MW and gait parameters ( p < 0.05). Conclusions Non-motorized treadmill training may be considered an effective gait rehabilitation method in clinical settings for patients experiencing stroke with reduced lower limb strength, balance, and walking ability.
The Management of Linezolid-Induced Adverse Events in Shorter and Longer Treatment of Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis
Authors: Atshemyan Hakob , Khachatryan Naira , Khachatryan Anush , Mirzoyan Narine 
Published: January 2025

Background: Linezolid is included in most of the regimens for treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. The prior publications presented the safety profile and clinical effectiveness of linezolid. Objectives: The research objectives of this study include: description of cumulative incidence rates of linezolid-induced adverse events, assessment of associations of those events with different variables, evaluation of the adverse event management and impacts of the unfavorable events on the effectiveness of treatment for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. Methods: We analyzed and compared the data of 2 cohorts: the retrospective cohort of the longer treatment regimens, and the prospective longitudinal cohort consisting of patients on the shorter regimens. Systematic collection of data on adverse events was conducted according to the principles of active pharmacovigilance. Results: The most common linezolid-induced adverse event was peripheral neuropathy (17.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.2-25.8). Developing peripheral neuropathy was associated with comorbidities (HIV and endocrine disorders) and the age above 56. The patients exposed to the combination of linezolid and cycloserine were at higher risk of peripheral neuropathy compared with the patients receiving only one of those drugs. The mean time to recovery from peripheral neuropathy was 5.5 months. Myelosuppression and optic nerve disorders were observed at a relatively low frequency. Conclusion and relevance: The rational management of linezolid-induced adverse events minimizes their impact on the effectiveness of treatment. The timely withdrawal of linezolid is the most rational way to prevent delayed recovery from peripheral neuropathy. The withdrawal of linezolid during the first 4 months of chemotherapy was associated with the failure to complete the shorter regimens in 9 months because of slow radiological dynamics. In our research, we are the first to assess the safety and effectiveness of the mSTR regimens in the context of linezolid-induced adverse events by comparing the findings with the data of conventional treatment.
Factors Associated With the Recovery of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients With Anthracycline-Induced Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Shugg Tyler , Nguyen Tk , Hua Xuesi , Richards Blair , Rae James , Dess Robert , Perry Daniel , Kay Bradley , Hayek Salim S. , Leja Monika , Luzum Jasmine A. 
Published: January 2025

Background Neurohormonal blocking drugs, like beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), are recommended for treating anthracycline-induced left ventricular dysfunction (AILVD). However, there is limited evidence supporting their benefit. Therefore, this study evaluated associations of neurohormonal blockers and other clinical factors with recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with AILVD. Methods This retrospective chart review assessed patients treated with at least one dose of anthracycline, then had ≥10% LVEF reduction or post-anthracycline LVEF value <50%, and then had a follow-up LVEF measurement ≥90 days later. The primary endpoint was LVEF recovery (highest follow-up LVEF−lowest LVEF post-anthracycline). Variables from univariable tests with P < .1 were incorporated in a multiple linear regression model for independent factors significantly associated with LVEF recovery ( P < .05). Results Out of 104 patients, 83% were female, 86% self-reported white race, 53% had breast cancer, median (IQR) age was 52 (22) years, and LVEF recovery was 14% (16%). The final multivariable model included 2 significant variables: beta-blocker dose after anthracycline exposure (every 25 mg increase in beta-blocker dose was associated with 5.0% increase in LVEF recovery; P = .0005) and the time between the start of the anthracycline and the lowest LVEF post-anthracycline (every 5-year increase in time was associated with 1.8% decrease in LVEF recovery; P = .0379). Conclusions In patients with AILVD, a higher beta-blocker dose and earlier detection of LVEF reduction post-anthracycline were significantly and independently associated with improved LVEF recovery. These findings need to be validated in a larger, independent cohort.
Perceptions and satisfaction of oncology pharmacy services among cancer patients and healthcare providers at the central zone hospital's oncology section
Authors: Zimbwe Kauke Bakari , Yona Yusto Julius , Madebele Mkapa Faustine , Chiwambo Charity Alphonce 
Published: January 2025

Background Our research focused on assessing the satisfaction of cancer patients with oncology pharmacy services, as well as evaluating the satisfaction levels of other healthcare and supportive staff associated with the oncology pharmacy unit. Methodology This qualitative cross-sectional study, based on a questionnaire, aimed to evaluate the best practices of oncology pharmacy services for patients and the efficiency of services provided by healthcare professionals and administrators at Benjamin Mkapa Hospital (BMH). The study was conducted at the adult oncology unit from July to August 2022. It included all consenting patients and staff who attended or served in the unit and met the inclusion criteria during this period. Results A total of 62 cancer patients and 53 BMH staff members working closely with the unit were interviewed. Among the patients, approximately 86% expressed satisfaction with the overall care provided by the oncology pharmacy services, 79% were satisfied with the dispensing practices and pharmaceutical care, and 64% were pleased with the patient-pharmacy personnel relationship. The staff survey, conducted among those closely collaborating with the oncology pharmacy unit, revealed that 85% were satisfied with the unit's plan and mission, 72% were content with the teamwork and motivation of the pharmacy personnel, and 92% were satisfied with the competencies of the oncology pharmacy staff. Conclusion Our thorough study revealed notably high levels of satisfaction and acceptance concerning the services provided by oncology pharmaceutical personnel. Pharmacists should ensure their presence during patient visits and dedicate adequate time for counselling to enhance patients’ therapeutic alliance. Furthermore, optimising pharmacy workflow and adopting a patient-centred approach will help create a more organised and welcoming environment, reducing turnaround time.
Normal tension glaucoma as initial manifestation of Takayasu arteritis- an unknown entity
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Singh Prabhjot , Sharma Vijay Kumar , Ambiya Vikas , Khullar Srishti , RK Preeti 
Published: January 2025

Objective To report an unusual manifestation of normal tension glaucoma(NTG) in a young female as presenting feature of Takayasu arteritis (TA). Methods We present a case of a 24-year-old woman who was initially diagnosed with NTG, with characteristic optic disc and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) changes, and corresponding visual field defects. Further evaluation with CT angiography revealed that the patient had newly diagnosed TA. Results NTG was likely a manifestation of the underlying vasculitis. patient was initially started on oral prednisolone by the rheumatologist which was changed to steroid-sparing immunotherapy with methotrexate 15 mg once weekly and hydroxychloroquine 200 mg. The patient has been on regular follow-up for last one year with adequate IOP control and no progression of glaucomatous changes since presentation. Conclusion This case highlights the importance of comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation in patients with NTG and the need to consider systemic conditions, such as TA, as potential underlying cause in young female patients presenting with NTG.
Leveraging natural language processing for automated assessment and feedback production in virtual education settings
Authors: Liang Meng 
Published: January 2025

With the rapid development of online teaching, the traditional teacher face-to-face evaluation and feedback model in online teaching faces problems such as high labor costs, low efficiency, and insufficient personalization. The application of natural language processing technology in the field of education has become a trend. Based on this choice, this article applied natural language processing to achieve automated evaluation and personalized feedback of online teaching processes. This article chose to use recurrent neural network (RNN) algorithm for text generation, and adopted Seq2Seq-based (Sequence-to-Sequence) recurrent neural network framework for automatic text feedback generation. Then, a group of student performance data was collected and divided into a control group and an experimental group, and comparisons were made between manual feedback and automatically generated feedback, respectively. Finally, the effectiveness and impact of automatic evaluation and feedback generation were evaluated by comparing the performance data and analysis results of two groups of students. The average accuracy of the automatic evaluation system designed in this article was 95.6%, which was higher than the 84.5% of manual evaluation. The accuracy of the automatic evaluation system designed in this article was higher, and the time spent on manual evaluation and automatic evaluation was compared. The average time spent on manual evaluation was 62.2 seconds, while automatic evaluation shortened the time to 36.98 seconds. For the feedback results, the graphical curves of the manually generated and automatically generated feedback results in terms of feedback on student grades were basically consistent, which can fully prove that the automatically generated feedback results have high accuracy. The remarkable efficacy of natural language processing (NLP) in online education is vividly illustrated by a recent study, where an NLP model notched an impressive average ROUGE score of 93.8 points. This achievement outstrips the performance of three other algorithmic models in the realm of automatic assessment and feedback generation. Such comparative experiments underscore the transformative potential of NLP technology, significantly boosting teaching efficiency and enriching the learning experience by adeptly tackling the perennial challenges of evaluation and feedback in online education settings.
Multicenter analysis of the incidence of in-stent stenosis following the deployment of flow-redirection endoluminal device in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Gajjar Avi A. , Sioutas Georgios S. , Custozzo Amanda , Salem Mohamed M. , Field Nicholas C. , Shekhtman Oleg , Davis Pierce , Prabhala Tarun , Jankowitz Brian T. , Dalfino John C. , Boulos Alan S. , Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Paul Alexandra R. , Srinivasan Visish M. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction The Flow Re-direction Endoluminal Device (FRED) is a novel flow diverter with a unique double stent design, with an inner stent composed of 48 nitinol wires, and an outer stent with 16 nitinol wires. It is designed for endovascular cerebral aneurysm treatment, although, limited data exist regarding in-stent stenosis (ISS) rates associated with FRED devices. Methods A registry encompassing two North American comprehensive stroke centers was the base of this study. We longitudinally assessed patients implanted with FRED devices, emphasizing baseline demographics, aneurysmal characteristics, procedural data, aneurysmal occlusion, and the incidence of ISS. Results In our cohort of 87 patients receiving 88 FRED devices, ISS occurred in 10.4% (9) of cases. Mild ISS (<50%) was noted in 8.0% (7) of patients, moderate ISS (50–75%) in 1.1% (1), and severe ISS (>75%) in 1.1% (1). Analysis indicated ISS in 17.0% (8) of patients with the FRED device and 5.7% (2) with the FRED-X device; all ISS cases in the FRED-X group were mild. Differences in ISS rates between device types were not significant ( p = 0.122). Delayed thrombotic events were documented in 6.9% (6) of patients. Aneurysm occlusion rates, measured via the Raymond–Roy Scale (RRS), showed adequate occlusion (RRS 1 or 2) in 68.8% at 3 months, 74.6% at 6 months, and 89.3% at 12 months. Conclusions The study elucidates the efficacy and safety profile of FRED devices, presenting favorable aneurysm occlusion rates and low retreatment needs while underscoring the manageability of ISS.
Full-thickness arthroscopic rotator cuff repair demonstrates low repair failure rates and high return to sport rates in patients aged 30 years and under at 9-year follow-up: A single-center case series
Authors: Ifarraguerri Anna M , Berk Alexander N , Gachigi Kennedy K , Collins Michael S , Dib Aseel , Siparsky Patrick , Schiffern Shadley , Hamid Nady , Martin Anthony , Saltzman Bryan M 
Published: January 2025

Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term clinical complications, outcomes, and return to sport (RTS) rates in patients aged 30 or younger with a primary full-thickness arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR). Methods All patients who underwent a primary full-thickness ARCR at age 30 years or younger from 2003 to 2021 with a minimum of a 2-year follow-up were included. Complications, repeat surgeries, and return to sport rates were collected. Results 32 patients underwent primary full-thickness rotator cuff repair with a mean follow-up of 9.3[2.7–17.9] years. 5(15.6%) patients had postoperative shoulder stiffness, and persistent postoperative shoulder pain was reported in 4(12.5%) patients. There were 3(9.4%) reported repair failures, with complete rotator cuff re-tears reported in 2(6.3%) shoulders and partial rotator cuff re-tear in 1(3.1%) shoulder. There were 4(12.5%) reoperations at an average of 8.7[0.65–22.7] months from primary rotator cuff repair and 2(6.3%) revision rotator cuff repairs. There was a 78.6% RTS rate at an average of 6.5[4–12] months postoperatively, with 8(72.7%) athletes returning to the sport at the same level they initially participated in pre-surgery. Conclusion Patients aged 30 and under who underwent full-thickness ARCR experienced promising clinical outcomes at an average 9-year follow-up. Study Design Retrospective Case Series; Level of Evidence, 4
Malnutrition in Spine Oncology: Where Are We and What Are We Measuring?
Authors: De la Garza Ramos Rafael , Charest-Morin Raphaële , Goodwin C. Rory , Zuckerman Scott L. , Laufer Ilya , Dea Nicolas , Sahgal Arjun , Rhines Laurence D. , Gokaslan Ziya L. , Bettegowda Chetan , Versteeg Anne L. , Chen Hanbo , Cordula Netzer , Sciubba Daniel M. , O’Toole John E. , Fehlings Michael G. , Kumar Naresh , Disch Alexander C. , Stephens Byron , Goldschlager Tony , Weber Michael H. , Shin John H. ,   AO Spine Knowledge Forum Tumor
Published: January 2025

Study design Scoping review. Objective To identify which markers are used as surrogates for malnutrition in metastatic spine disease and which are the most studied outcomes associated with it. Methods A scoping review was performed by searching the PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases up to July 2022. We searched for articles exploring markers of malnutrition in spine oncology patients including but not limited to albumin, body weight, weight loss, and nutrition indices. A narrative synthesis was performed. Results A total of 61 articles reporting on 31,385 patients met inclusion criteria. There were 13 different surrogate markers of nutrition, with the most common being albumin in 67% of studies (n = 41), body weight/BMI in 34% (n = 21), and muscle mass in 28% (n = 17). The most common studied outcomes were survival in 82% (n = 50), complications in 28% (n = 17), and length of stay in 10% (n = 6) of studies. Quality of life and functional outcomes were assessed in 2% (n = 1) and 3% (n = 2) of studies, respectively. Out of 61 studies, 18% (n = 11) found no association between the examined markers and outcome. Conclusion Assessment of nutritional status in patients with spinal metastases is fundamental. However, there is lack of a comprehensive and consistent way of assessing malnutrition in oncologic spine patients and therefore inconsistency in its relationship with outcomes. A consensus agreement on the assessment and definition of malnutrition in spine tumor patients is needed.
Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Strength and Knee Joint Function in Patients After ACL Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Li Zhikuan , Jin Lingpeng , Chen Zhen , Shang Ziqi , Geng Yue , Tian Siman , Dong Jiangtao 
Published: January 2025

Background: Quadriceps weakness is a common barrier to effective rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)—the application of electrical currents to induce muscle contraction—has been used as part of the postoperative rehabilitation regimen. Purpose: To investigate the effects of NMES on the recovery of quadriceps strength and knee function after ACL surgery. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A search was conducted in the Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases between inception and August 2023 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Included were randomized controlled trials of patients undergoing NMES as postoperative rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction or repair, with standard physical therapy as the control intervention. The quality of the included studies was assessed according to the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias tool. Lower limb function was assessed qualitatively, and standardized mean differences (SMDs) in muscle strength and Lysholm scores were analyzed quantitatively and pooled using a random-effects model. Results: Eleven studies (N = 202 patients) met our inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis of muscle strength values, which included 9 studies, showed that patients who underwent physical rehabilitation with adjunctive NMES had better recovery and improvement in quadriceps muscle strength compared with standard physical therapy at both short- and long-term follow-ups (≤6 weeks: SMD, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.27-0.79] vs >6 weeks: SMD, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.18-0.99]; p < 0.001). Moreover, subgroup analyses showed that earlier physical rehabilitation with the assistance of NMES resulted in better muscle strength recovery (≤1 week: SMD, 1.48 [95% CI, 0.80-2.17] vs >1 week: SMD, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.21-0.67]; p < 0.001). The meta-analysis of Lysholm scores, which included 3 studies, did not indicate any significant differences between the assisted NMES and control groups. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that in both short- and long-term follow-up studies, postoperative rehabilitation with NMES after ACL surgery significantly increased quadriceps muscle strength compared with standard rehabilitation alone.