bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statin use and dementia risk: A systematic review and updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Westphal Filho Fernando Luiz , Moss Lopes Paulo Roberto , Menegaz de Almeida Artur , Sano Vitor Kendi Tsuchiya , Tamashiro Fernanda Moraes , Gonçalves Ocílio Ribeiro , de Moraes Francisco Cezar Aquino , Kreuz Michele , Kelly Francinny Alves , Silveira Feitoza Pablo Vinícius 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDementia affects 55 million people globally, with the number projected to triple by 2050. Statins, widely prescribed for cardiovascular benefits, may also have neuroprotective effects, although studies on their impact on dementia risk have shown contradictory results. In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We assessed the risk of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD), with subgroup analyses by gender, statin type, and diabetes status. Fifty‐five observational studies including over 7 million patients were analyzed. Statin use significantly reduced the risk of dementia compared to nonusers (hazard ratio [HR] 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82 to 0.91; p < 0.001). It was also associated with reduced risks of AD (HR 0.82; 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.90; p < 0.001) and VaD (HR 0.89; 95% CI: 0.77 to 1.02; p = 0.093). Subgroup analyses revealed significant dementia risk reductions among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (HR 0.87; 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.89; p < 0.001), those with exposure to statins for more than 3 years (HR 0.37; 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.46; p < 0.001), and populations from Asia, where the greatest protective effect was observed (HR 0.84; 95% CI: 0.80 to 0.88). Additionally, rosuvastatin demonstrated the most pronounced protective effect for all‐cause dementia among specific statins (HR 0.72; 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.88). Our findings underscore the neuroprotective potential of statins in dementia prevention. Despite the inherent limitations of observational studies, the large dataset and detailed subgroup analyses enhance the reliability of our results. Future randomized clinical trials are necessary to confirm these findings and enlighten clinical guidelines.Highlights
Largest meta‐analysis to date on statins and dementia risk, including 55 studies and more than 7 million patients.
Statin use linked to lower risks of all‐dementia, AD, and VaD.
Numerous significant subgroup results highlight statins' diverse neuroprotective effects.
Findings support statins as a public health tool, especially in low‐income countries.
Future research should explore the impact of statins across diverse patient populations.
Stenosis of the ileocolic junction in a cat associated with colonic agenesis
Authors: Azoulay Florian , Couturier Laurent , Rault Delphine , Carlus Marine , Dor Cécile 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis case report presents a diagnostic approach to a lesion of the ileocolic junction associated with colonic agenesis in a 5‐year‐old cat. The presence of colonic agenesis, which was initially unknown, significantly influenced the diagnostic process. The imaging features of a stenotic lesion at the ileocolic junction can be misleading, as highlighted in this report. Positive colonography proved to be the most informative examination for diagnosing colonic agenesis, while abdominal ultrasound effectively characterised the mural thickening at the ileocolic junction. Due to the stenosis causing chronic small intestinal obstruction, surgery was performed. Histology revealed ulcerative neutrophilic enteritis with small vegetal fragments embedded in the wall. The clinical signs progressively resolved following surgery and subsequent medical management.
Analysis of radiation oncology integration within general practitioners’ daily patient care: a cross-sectional survey in Germany
Authors: Leiss Sophia M. , Hou Helen X. , Pigorsch Steffi , Borm Kai , Peeken Jan , Schneider Antonius , Combs Stephanie , Dinkel Andreas , Bernhardt Denise 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
General practitioners (GPs) play a crucial role in providing interdisciplinary care for radiation oncology patients. This study aims to understand the specific needs and challenges faced by general practitioners in Germany when treating oncology patients.

Methods
A comprehensive web-based questionnaire with 24 items was disseminated to GPs in Germany via email using survio.com. The survey collected data on demographics, qualifications, clinical experiences, decision-making involvement, and symptom recognition. It specifically examined post-radiotherapy care and the use of specialized palliative homecare networks (SAPV). Statistical analyses were descriptive. The survey was open from July 4 to August 9, 2023.

Results
A notable majority of general practitioners displayed confidence in their understanding of cancer-related symptoms, with over half (54.6%) rating their knowledge with 4 out of 5. This level of self-assessed expertise extended to their capacity to address the needs of cancer patients (53.8%), although 67% express a need for further education in specifically radiotherapeutic side effects. Satisfaction with SAPV networks was high, and 72.3% of respondents were actively involved in palliative care, compared to only 45.6% in managing radiation therapy. Notable challenges included inadequate communication with specialists, insufficient staffing, and under-recognition of GPs’ roles in oncology care.

Conclusion
The study highlights a paradox where GPs show high engagement in palliative care but limited involvement in radiation therapy management due to communication gaps and professional development needs. Addressing these disparities through targeted initiatives and fostering a collaborative care model is essential to amplify the important role of GPs, ensuring more integrated and effective patient care.
Endovascular management of haemorrhage and vascular lesions in patients with multiple and/or severe injuries: a systematic review and clinical practice guideline update
Authors: Wagner Hans-Joachim , Goossen Käthe , Hilbert-Carius Peter , Braunschweig Rainer , Kildal Daniela , Hinck Daniel , Albrecht Thomas , Könsgen Nadja 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Our aim was to update evidence-based and consensus-based recommendations for the inhospital endovascular management of haemorrhage and vascular lesions in patients with multiple and/or severe injuries based on current evidence. This guideline topic is part of the 2022 update of the German Guideline on the Treatment of Patients with Multiple and/or Severe Injuries.

Methods
MEDLINE and Embase were systematically searched to June 2021. Further literature reports were obtained from clinical experts. Randomised controlled trials, prospective cohort studies, and comparative registry studies were included if they compared endovascular interventions for bleeding control such as embolisation, stent or stent-graft placement, or balloon occlusion against control interventions in patients with polytrauma and/or severe injuries in the hospital setting. The diagnosis of pelvic haemorrhage was added post-hoc as an additional clinical question. We considered patient-relevant clinical outcomes such as mortality, bleeding control, haemodynamic stability, transfusion requirements, complications, and diagnostic test accuracy. Risk of bias was assessed using NICE 2012 checklists. The evidence was synthesised narratively, and expert consensus was used to develop recommendations and determine their strength.

Results
Forty-three new studies were identified. Interventions covered were resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) (n = 20), thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) (n = 9 studies), pelvic trauma (n = 6), endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic injuries (n = 3), maxillofacial and carotid artery injuries (n = 2), embolisation for abdominal organ injuries (n = 2), and diagnosis of pelvic haemorrhage (n = 1). Five recommendations were modified, and one additional recommendation was developed. All achieved strong consensus.

Conclusion
The following key recommendations are made. Whole-body contrast-enhanced computed tomography should be used to detect bleeding and vascular injuries. Blunt thoracic and abdominal aortic injuries should be managed using TEVAR/EVAR. If possible, endovascular treatment should be delayed beyond 24 h after injury. Bleeding from parenchymatous abdominal organs should be controlled using transarterial catheter embolisation. Splenic injuries that require no immediate intervention can be managed with observation.
Wirkmechanismen antidepressiver Pharmakotherapie: Gehirn und Psyche – Körper und Umwelt
Authors: Spangemacher Moritz , Reinwald Jonathan , Adolphi Hana , Kärtner Laura , Mertens Lea J. , Schmitz Christian N. , Gründer Gerhard 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Neue antidepressive Substanzen stellen die Erklärungsansätze zu Wirkmechanismen der traditionellen Psychopharmakologie vor Herausforderungen.

Fragestellung
Was könnten gemeinsame Effekte der verschiedenen Antidepressiva sein und welche Rolle spielen dabei jeweils extrapharmakologische Faktoren wie Körper und Umwelt?

Material und Methode
Die verfügbare Literatur über klinische und präklinische Daten zu vermuteten gemeinsamen Wirkfaktoren von serotonergen Psychedelika, (Es‑)Ketamin, monoaminergen Antidepressiva und Zuranolon wird dargestellt und der Einfluss von Kontextfaktoren auf die jeweiligen Wirkmechanismen diskutiert.

Ergebnisse
Es deutet vieles darauf hin, dass klassischere und neuere pharmakologische Ansätze der Depressionsbehandlung ähnliche Wirkmechanismen teilen könnten. Diese Mechanismen begünstigen langfristige Neuroplastizität, die nachgeschaltete molekulare Kaskaden auslösen können und vice versa. Darüber hinaus wurde für die meisten antidepressiven Substanzen auch eine Verbesserung der negativen Verzerrung in der emotionalen Verarbeitung nachgewiesen. Der Einfluss extrapharmakologischer Faktoren scheint notwendig zu sein, damit die biopsychologischen Veränderungen antidepressiv wirksam sein können.

Schlussfolgerungen
Anstatt Faktoren wie Umwelt, Körper und soziale Interaktionen zu den Placeboeffekten zu zählen, sollten sie als essenzieller Baustein der antidepressiven Wirkung geprüft und in der klinischen Versorgung mitbedacht werden.
Comparison of complications in isolated aesthetic liposuction procedures across different techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Badie , Shraim Bara A. , Al-Matwi Mohammed Ahmad , Jarrar Salma , Al-Mohannadi Fatima Saoud , Mesk Rami A. , Elzawawi Khaled E. , Asnaf Ayman A. H. , Elnefaily Sherouk Essam , Shraim Muath A. , Abbas Gaffar , Alsherawi Abeer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Liposuction has emerged as one of the most common cosmetic procedures globally, increasing by more than two-fold since 1997. While different liposuction techniques exist, each with distinct advantages and potential sequelae, a comprehensive comparative analysis of complication rates across various techniques in purely aesthetic cases remains unexplored. We aimed to (1) systematically review the literature on complications of distinctliposuction techniques, and (2) compare complication rates between different techniques.

Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies reporting on complications of isolated cosmetic liposuction techniques in specific anatomical regions. Complication rates were pooled, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. Publication bias was evaluated using the Luis Furuya-Kanamori index and Doi plot.

Results
Twenty-three studies were included. Laser-assisted liposuction (LAL) demonstrated the lowest overall complication rates for hemorrhage, infection, seroma formation, thermal injury, and cutaneous necrosis (all 0.13%). Power-assisted liposuction (PAL) exhibited the highest rates for hemorrhage (0.72%), infection (1.34%), and cutaneous necrosis (0.72%). Radiofrequency-assisted liposuction (RFAL) showed the highest rates for seroma formation (3.93%) and thermal injuries/blistering (1.64%). Suction-assisted liposuction (SAL) presented the highest rate of cutaneous irregularities (3.36%). Heterogeneity varied widely across complication types and techniques, with I² values ranging from 0 to 91.4%.

Conclusions
This study provides the first comprehensive comparison of complication rates across different liposuction techniques in aesthetic cases. LAL demonstrated superior safety profiles, while PAL and RAL showed higher rates for specific complications. These findings can inform surgical decision-making and patient counseling.

Level of Evidence
Not gradable.
Paravertebral crystal deposition disease: a retrospective study of clinical presentation, prevalence, and CT imaging findings
Authors: Takeda Taro , Takasugi Mieko , Yoshida Kotaro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Paravertebral crystal deposition disease, characterized by the deposition of crystals around the vertebral bodies leading to acute inflammation and pain, is a condition that remains largely unrecognized. This study aims to elucidate the prevalence, clinical features, and CT findings associated with this disease.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 14,839 consecutive patients who underwent chest and/or abdominal CT (September 2017 to September 2024) owing to chest, abdominal, or back pain. Cases demonstrating paravertebral calcification with a surrounding soft tissue density of ≥ 5 mm were identified and further evaluated.

Results
Twenty-four cases of paravertebral crystal deposition disease were identified, with a prevalence of 0.16% (95% CI: 0.10, 0.24). The mean age was 46.2 years, with a female predominance (n = 15, 63%). Back pain was the most common presenting symptom (n = 15, 63%). Calcifications were primarily located at the lower thoracic and upper lumbar spine (Th6/7-L1/2) in 18 cases (75%) and in the anterior median to anterior right region of the vertebral body in 21 cases (86%). Mean of maximum CT values of the crystal deposition was approximately 800 HU; in follow-up cases, the depositions either resolved or exhibited morphological changes.

Conclusions
This study adds to the current knowledge base by identifying a 0.16% prevalence of paravertebral crystal deposition disease in patients with torso pain—often overlooked in clinical practice, primarily affecting middle-aged women. CT imaging shows calcifications mainly in the lower thoracic and upper lumbar spine. Considering this self-limiting disease in differential diagnoses can improve diagnostic accuracy and patient management.
Evaluation of the effect of different irrigation solutions used in regenerative endodontic treatment of necrotic molar teeth with open apex on postoperative pain- randomized clinical trial
Authors: Akyüz İpek Eraslan , Eminsoy Avcı Ayşe Tuğba , Üstün Yakup , Kolçakoğlu Kevser Solak , Kızılcı Esra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study evaluates the effect of different irrigation solutions for postoperative pain in the regenerative endodontic treatments (RET) of necrotic teeth with open apex.

Materials and methods
This study included necrotic, deeply carious lower molars of 42 patients. Access cavities of the teeth were opened and working lengths were measured at the first visit. In Group 1, the root canals were irrigated with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic-acid (EDTA), in Group 2, with 1.5% NaOCl and 10% citric acid, and in the Group 3, with 1.5% NaOCl and 9% Etidronic acid (HEDP) mixture solution. Final irrigation was performed with distilled water. The canals were dried, filled with calcium hydroxide paste, and sealed with Cavit. Postoperative pain was assessed using a numerical rating scale, and Paracetamol was prescribed. At the second visit, calcium hydroxide was removed with 1.5% NaOCl, irrigated with chelators, and sealed with Sure-Seal PT 3 mm below the cementoenamel junction before composite resin filling.

Results
Postoperative pain was higher in Group 3 (p < 0.05), but analgesic consumption did not show a significant difference (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
HEDP caused significantly more postoperative pain than EDTA and citric acid (p < 0.05). While the study provided information regarding the effects of irrigation solutions on postoperative pain, further research is needed as it did not include detailed assessments of long-term periapical healing and apex closure.

Clinical relevance
When HEDP is used as a chelation agent in RETs, it shows a higher degree of postoperative pain than EDTA and citric acid solutions.

Clinical trial registration
The study protocol was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT 06386991).
Is the association between infant regulatory problems and trajectories of childhood co-developing internalizing and externalizing symptoms moderated by early screen media exposure?
Authors: Bilgin Ayten , Sloan Seaneen , Neville Ross D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Regulatory problems in infancy are associated with internalizing and externalizing symptom trajectories across childhood, however, it is unknown whether early screen media exposure exacerbates this association. We studied 10,170 individuals from the Growing Up in Ireland ’08 cohort. Parents reported on their children’s regulatory problems at 9 months, screen media exposure at 3 years, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms at 3, 5, 7, and 9 years. Children were categorized based on their patterns of co-developing internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Subsequently, multinominal logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate whether screen media exposure (> 1 h or > 2 h) moderated the association between regulatory problems in infancy and co-developing internalizing and externalizing symptom classes across childhood. There were four groups of children with distinct patterns of co-developing internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Presence of regulatory problems at 9 months and excessive screen media exposure at 3 years (particularly > 2 h) were independently associated with increased likelihood of all classes. Excessive screen media exposure at 3 years did not significantly moderate the association between regulatory problems at 9 months and internalizing and externalizing symptom trajectories.
Propan/Isobutan-Gemische in Wärmepumpen: Sensitivität der optimalen Gemischzusammensetzung auf Prozessrandbedingungen
Authors: Höges Christoph , Vering Christian , Müller Dirk 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Die Effizienz von Wärmepumpen wird maßgeblich durch das verwendete Kältemittel bestimmt. Dabei haben sich Kohlenwasserstoffe wie Propan (R290) in vielen Anwendungen etabliert. Neben Reinstoffen bieten zeotrope Gemische das Potenzial, die Effizienz zu steigern, indem aufgrund des resultierenden Temperaturgleits die Verluste während der Wärmeübertragung minimiert werden. Zeotrope Gemische reagieren allerdings sensitiver auf Änderung der äußeren Randbedingungen (Temperatur und Temperaturspreizung), wodurch das Potenzial absinken kann.
In diesem Beitrag werden sowohl das Potenzial als auch die Sensitivität hinsichtlich unterschiedlicher Betriebsbedingungen untersucht und bewertet. Fokus der Untersuchung sind 21 Zusammensetzungen des Gemischpaares Propan/Isobutan im Kältemittelkreislauf mit internem Wärmeübertrager. Die Modellierung umfasst ein semi-physikalisches Verdichtermodell, welches die Berechnung betriebspunkt- und kältemittelabhängiger Wirkungsgrade ermöglicht.
Das zeotrope Gemisch Propan/Isobutan (80/20) erhöht den SCOP für eine Vorlauftemperatur von 35 °C im Vergleich zum Reinstoff Propan um bis zu 6,4 %, wobei die volumetrische Heizenergie um 14,1 % abnimmt. Die Erhöhung der Vorlauftemperatur auf 55 °C reduziert die Effizienzsteigerung auf 4 %, wobei die optimale Zusammensetzung identisch bleibt. Den größten Einfluss auf das Optimum hat die Temperaturspreizung der sekundären Fluide. Dabei führt eine Änderung der Spreizung der Wärmequelle von 5 auf 3 K zu einer Verschiebung der optimalen Zusammensetzung auf 90 mol-% Propan. Die Analyse der Auswirkungen einer Entmischung aufgrund von auftretender Leckage zeigt, dass die direkten Einflüsse auf die Effizienz mit einer Änderung von 1 % nach zehn Jahren vernachlässigbar klein sind. Insgesamt belegen die Studien das Potenzial des zeotropen Gemischs Propan/Isobutan (80/20) trotz der erhöhten Sensitivität auf äußere Einflüsse.
Error analysis for the implicit boundary integral method
Authors: Zhong Yimin , Ren Kui , Runborg Olof , Tsai Richard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The implicit boundary integral method (IBIM) provides a framework to construct quadrature rules on regular lattices for integrals over irregular domain boundaries. This work provides a systematic error analysis for IBIMs on uniform Cartesian grids for boundaries with different degrees of regularity. First, it is shown that the quadrature error gains an additional order of

$$\frac{d-1}{2}$$

d
-
1

2

from the curvature for a strongly convex smooth boundary due to the “randomness” in the signed distances. This gain is discounted for degenerated convex surfaces. Then the extension of error estimate to general boundaries under some special circumstances is considered, including how quadrature error depends on the boundary’s local geometry relative to the underlying grid. Bounds on the variance of the quadrature error under random shifts and rotations of the lattices are also derived.
Improved estimation of aquaculture associated European introgression in a captive breeding program for endangered Atlantic salmon
Authors: Holborn Melissa K. , Kess Tony , Nugent Cameron M. , Brodeur Nathalie N. , Adesola Joke , Cronmiller Evan , Hamilton Lorraine C. , Jones Ross A. , Lenentine Beth L. , MacDonnell Anna , McBride Meghan , Messmer Amber , de Mestral Louise , Moreau Darek T. R. , Wilson Tyler , Bradbury Ian R. , Wringe Brendan F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The rapid, range-wide decline in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, populations is well documented and has led to establishment of captive rearing and breeding programs in order to preserve populations. However, recovery potential may be limited by the inclusion of non-local genotypes, which can be both difficult to detect and quantify. In the genetically unique Inner Bay of Fundy population located in Canada, three Live Gene Bank programs have been established to aid recovery of this endangered conservation unit. Evidence of aquaculture associated non-local (i.e., European) introgression had previously been detected using small panels of microsatellite markers with limited power. Here we show how advances in sequencing and machine learning technologies can support a conservation program. We used machine learning and a corresponding panel of 301 SNPs to estimate individual-level proportions of European ancestry. To assess the degree of introgression in each program and to assess changes over time, fish were randomly selected across several program generations. Estimates were validated by genotyping a subset of individuals on a 220 K SNP array and using established admixture methods. Of the 1741 fish analyzed, only 48 were found to have European ancestry greater than the detection threshold. We found the amount of European ancestry was previously overestimated, and that very few wild-collected founder individuals had large proportions of European ancestry. Moreover, because European ancestry was introduced to Bay of Fundy populations via introgression from aquaculture escapees, these values represent the minimum amount of aquaculture introgression in these captive populations.