bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of a colorimeter is a viable method to measure melanin and erythema content in the context of laser beam attenuation by use of a class IV laser in different tissues in dogs
Authors: Rosenblum Shira T. , McCarthy Daniel A. , Millis Darryl L. , Odoi Agricola 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
Patient factors may alter laser photon attenuation, but these factors have not been adequately evaluated in live dogs. Our objective was to evaluate class IV laser beam attenuation (LBA) by canine tissues using a colorimeter to evaluate melanin and erythema indices. We hypothesized that greater melanin and erythema indices and unclipped hair would increase LBA, and these properties would vary among tissues.

ANIMALS
20 client-owned dogs.

PROCEDURES
Between October 1 and December 1, 2017, colorimeter measurements and LBA in various tissues before and after clipping overlying hair were evaluated. Data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. Statistical significance was set at P < .05.

RESULTS
LBA was greater in unclipped (98.6 ± 0.4%) than clipped hair (94.6 ± 0.4%). The least LBA occurred in the pinna (93%) while the greatest occurred in the caudal vertebra (100%) and caudal semitendinosis muscles (100%). Each mm of tissue thickness resulted in LBA of 11.6%. Each unit increase in melanin index resulted in a 3.3% increase in LBA. There was no association of LBA with erythema index.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
To our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluated LBA by different tissues in live dogs using a colorimeter to evaluate melanin and erythema indices. We recommend clipping hair prior to photobiomodulation to decrease laser beam attenuation and using increased laser doses in thicker tissues and dogs with high melanin content. The colorimeter may be helpful in customizing patient treatment dosimetry. Future studies are necessary to determine therapeutic laser doses for adequate photobiomodulation effects.
Dysbiotic changes of periodontal pathogens in patients wearing conventional and self-ligating orthodontic appliances
Authors: Cota-Quintero Juan , Bermúdez Mercedes , Ramos-Payán Rosalío , Gastélum-López María de los Ángeles , López-Gutiérrez Jorge Armando , Avendaño-Félix Mariana , Ayala-Ham Alfredo , Villegas-Mercado Carlos , Castro-Salazar Yolanda , Aguilar-Medina Maribel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to analyse dysbiotic changes of periodontal pathogenic bacteria and their relationship with different types of fixed orthodontic appliances in a population located in Northwestern Mexico.

Methods: Three groups of patients were identified: a control group without orthodontic appliances (C), a conventional-ligating appliance group (CLA), and a self-ligating appliance group (SLA). Periodontal biofilm samples were collected for DNA extraction to identify the presence and load of Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, and Fusobacterium nucleatum, using a quantitative real-time PCR technique.

Results: A total of 92 patients were included. The results showed that F. nucleatum was present in all groups including the control patients (C 96%, CLA 100%, and SLA 67%, respectively). Female participants displayed a higher frequency of periodontal pathogens than males, but males were more affected by F. nucleatum. In addition, the presence of T. denticola and P. intermedia was time-dependent, being more frequent in patients in treatment for longer than 12 months whereas CLA showed 74% and 78% of positive samples and SLA showed 78% and 89%, respectively. F. nucleatum was present in 100% of CLA samples before and after 12 months of treatment and its load was higher in the SLA group after 12 months.

Conclusions: Dysbiotic changes that could affect the periodontal tissues were seen in patients wearing orthodontic appliances. The frequency of F. nucleatum was significantly higher in CLA and noted with a greater load in SLA. In addition, female participants showed a higher frequency of periodontal pathogens while male subjects were more affected by F. nucleatum. As expected, treatment for longer than 12 months correlated with a higher frequency of all periodontal pathogens. The results support the concept that dysbiosis leading to periodontal disease can be caused by the rise of a dominant species, instead of the appearance of a new species.
The link between Noncarious Cervical Lesions (NCCL) and gingival recession. Etiology and treatment. A narrative review.
Authors: Lazăr Luminița , Makkai Zsigmond-Loránd , Dakó Timea , Suciu Mircea , Lazăr Ana-Petra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNoncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) have a multifactorial etiology. The terms abfraction, abrasion, and erosion are also used to describe the same lesion. NCCLs can lead to gum recession which is one of the most frequent gingival defects. NCCLs generally also involve loss of tooth structure. Therefore, treatments should be planned and performed in an interdisciplinary manner. When NCCL is minimal, the choise to use simple direct restorations is the main therapeutic option. If it is serious, microsurgical treatment or, more precisely, interdisciplinary treatment might be necessary. Root coverage by microsurgical methods is the most challenging esthetic procedure. There are many techniques available of which we must always choose the method that can ensure and control root coverage in the long term.
Evaluation of the inhibitory action of essential oil from Eucalyptus globulus leaves on the corrosion of mild carbon steel in 1M HCl medium
Authors: Bathily Malick , Ngom Baba , Mbengue Malick , Gassama Diadioly 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The present work aims to valorize an aromatic and medicinal plant of Eucalyptus globulus found in the region of Dakar, Senegal. To do so, we first extracted the essential oil contained in the leaves of the plant harvested in October 2020. We obtained the essential oil by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger type extractor with a yield of 1.70% of the dry plant mass. This value is quite appreciable compared to the different values in the literature. The essential oil extracted from the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus was tested as a green inhibitor on carbon steel type XC38 in 1M HCl acid medium by the mass loss method. The results obtained led to a maximum inhibitory efficiency of 89.03% for a concentration of 1.6 g/L of essential oil at room temperature of 298 K. The effect of temperature on the inhibitory behavior of the essential oil was also studied over a range of 298 K to 338 K. In this temperature range, a loss of efficiency was observed with increasing temperature, reaching a value of 15.33% at 338 K. Thermodynamic quantities were then determined. The plot of the different isotherms showed that the adsorption of the essential oil obeys the Langmuir isotherm. The results obtained showed a physical character of adsorption of this essential oil.
Comparison of some characteristics of homemade, local and national brands yoghurts
Authors: Aktaş Haktan , Ürkek Bayram , Aktaş Hacer Meral , Çetin Bülent , Şengül Mustafa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the study, some physicochemical, viscosity, rheological properties, benzoic and sorbic acid contents of a total of 96 yoghurt samples (consisting of homemade, local and national) collected from different provinces of Turkey were investigated. It was determined that national yoghurt samples had the highest average dry matter (13.8%) and the lowest syneresis values (35.8%). Homemade yoghurts had the lowest average viscosity (at 20 rpm, 4079 cP; 50 rpm, 2142 cP), consistency coefficient values (44.4). It was determined that the flow behavior index values of all yoghurt samples were between 0 and 1 and showed pseudoplastic behavior. It was found that the national commercial yoghurt samples were higher than the homemade and regional samples in terms of dry matter, syneresis, viscosity and consistency coefficient. Although the mean benzoic acid values were detected between 5.43 and 31.9 mg kg−1, sorbic acid was found in only one sample (local brand yoghurt sample).
Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Seven Fish Species in Manasbal Lake, Kashmir, India
Authors: Yousuf Tabasum , Bakhtiyar Yahya , Andrabi Saima , Wani Gohar Bilal 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For aquaculture assessments, the length-weight relationship and condition factor are considered as standard methods for determining fish growth, its health and the potential yield. A year-long study was conducted to calculate length-weight relationships (LWRs) and condition factor (K) for seven fish species, Schizothorax niger (Alghad or snowtrout), S. curvifrons (Sattar snowtrout), Cyprinus carpio (Common carp), Carassius carassius (Crucian carp), Pethia conchonius (Rosy barb), Crossocheilus diplochilus (Kashmir latia) and Gambusia holbrooki (Mosquito fish) in Manasbal Lake. The results revealed that four captured fish species (S. niger, S. curvifrons, C. diplochilus and G. holbrooki) exhibited negative allometric growth, while other fish species (C. carpio, C. carassius, P. conchonius) exhibited positive allometric growth. LWR was significant at P < 0.01 in all seven fish species, with a coefficient of determination (R2) ranging between 0.73 to 0.96. The K was higher in C. carpio than C. carassius, P. conchonius, G. holbrooki, C. diplochilus, S. niger and S. curvifrons. The current study providing the LWRs and condition factor of seven fish species from Manasbal Lake, Kashmir will be helpful for the management of fish species as well as for assessing the ecological condition of the Lake.
Recent Data on the Distribution of Freshwater Ichthyofauna in Albania
Authors: Shumka Spase , Lalaj Suada , Šanda Radek , Shumka Laura , Meulenbroek Paul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this article, we provide an updated list of freshwater fishes in Albania for each sub-basin. The distribution data and taxa-lists presented are based on a literature review up to October 2022 and intensive fieldwork conducted in the last 15 years. Distributional records of 101 fish species (deriving from 25 families) in 11 different sub-basins are reported. There are new records that include native, alien and translocated fish species. The distinctiveness of Albanian freshwater fishes is highlighted while defining a specific ichthyological region for the whole Balkan region. The freshwater fish fauna of Albania represents a special value of the national heritage, especially due to its diversity and a high degree of endemicity. This is mainly due to the complex geological and climatic conditions, and the location between the Adriatic and Ionian Seas on the west and the continental areas of the Balkans on the other side, which have allowed different colonization from outside the area and long periods of speciation. Eleven hydrographic basin units are analyzed for species composition, evolutionary patterns, and ecological features. This review brings the number of Albanian freshwater fish taxa to 101, with 20 species added from the previous 1995 inventory and several species deleted due to taxonomic changes.
Psoas Muscle Index – Could It Be an Indicator of Postoperative Complications in Colorectal Cancer? Case Presentation and Review of the Literature
Authors: Scurtu Georgiana Alexandra , Fülöp Zsolt Zoltán , Kiss Botond , Simu Patricia , Burlacu Diana , Bara Tivadar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, and its incidence is rising in developing countries. Studies have shown an association between sarcopenia and various poor short-term outcomes in cancer patients who underwent surgery. In this case study, we sought to highlight the importance of a modern prognostic factor, the psoas muscle index (PMI), in colorectal cancer.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 59-year-old male patient with sigmoid cancer. We calculated the PMI as the sum of the areas of the left and right psoas muscle at the level of the L3 vertebra, divided by the square of the patient’s height, using computed tomography measurements. We also measured the density of the proas muscles. Prior to surgery, the left psoas muscle had an area of 14.52 cm2, and the right 14.54 cm2, with a PMI of 9.4967 cm2/m2. The mean density of the psoas muscles was 43.60 UH. The surgery consisted in a rectosigmoid resection with termino-terminal colorectal anastomosis. The histopathological examination confirmed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, stage IIIB (pT3N1M0). The patient left the hospital eight days after surgery in good general condition. Long-term follow-up was performed by phone and CT scans at 1, 6, and 12 months.

Conclusions: CT-measured PMI may be a potential prognostic imaging marker in patients with colorectal cancer that can be easily and routinely assessed preoperatively.
Application of the CZ-Globio Model in Beskydy Protected Landscape Area
Authors: Plánka Michal , Pechanec Vilém 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Spatially oriented simulation models have not yet been applied to the territory of Beskydy Protected Landscape Area (PLA) to assess the state of biodiversity at a local scale. The CZ-GLOBIO model, which is adapted to the conditions of the Czech Republic, was used as a tool to assess habitat degradation using four selected drivers. The aim of the article is to apply the CZ-GLOBIO model for biodiversity status assessment in Beskydy PLA at the biotope level using detailed habitat data. The result of the application of the model is the evaluation of the state of biodiversity and the risk of its degradation using the Mean Species Abundance (MSA) index. Values are obtained for each segment as well as the average value for the entire territory. The results of biodiversity modelling are available by five maps and five tables with output Mean Species Abundance (MSA) values. Understanding the spatial distribution of the resulting MSA values contributes to the landscape-level habitat assessment of Beskydy PLA. This can serve as a basis for further policy decisions in the environmental field.
Exercise-induced haematological and blood lactate changes in whippets training for lure coursing
Authors: Miazga Katarzyna , Szaluś-Jordanow Olga , Czopowicz Michał , Żmigrodzka Magdalena , Witkowska-Piłaszewicz Olga , Moroz-Fik Agata , Mickiewicz Marcin , Wilczak Jacek , Cywińska Anna 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Whippets are traditionally trained to compete in lure coursing. While in humans and horses, training is routinely monitored by special tests, this is not carried out in the training of whippets. The aim of this study was to check if laboratory tests designed for racehorses could be useful in monitoring whippets training for lure coursing.

Material and Methods
Blood samples were taken from 14 whippets at several time points: before exercise (including warm-up), immediately after, 15 min after and 30 min after exercise sessions of straight 400 m runs (T) and coursing (C). Routine haematological values and lactate concentrations (LA) were measured.

Results
White blood cell count, red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit increased significantly in both types of exertion, and no differences between the types were observed. The LA measured immediately after the run were increased, but there was no significant difference between the types of session (T and C). After both types of activity, LA decreased within 30 min post run by 9–11 mmol/L. Lactate concentrations were significantly higher 30 min after the T sessions than after the C sessions.

Conclusion
The results confirmed that typical exercise-induced changes occurred in whippets training for lure coursing; however, the scale of changes was different to that in horses. The sampling scheme used in racehorses can be applied to whippets and can be useful as a laboratory tool for monitoring their training.
The Changes of Elongation Index of erythrocytes caused by storage of blood at low temperature
Authors: Dylong Iwona , Dolibog Paweł , Mularz Tomasz , Młynarski Jacek , Grzegorczyn Sławomir 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction: An important parameter characterizing the ability of erythrocytes to deform depending on the blood flow conditions is the Elongation Index (EI), and it is a parameter defined by the shape of the erythrocyte obtained as a diffraction pattern of erythrocytes at different values of shear stresses.

Material and methods: EI measurements at different shear stress were performed by Laser-assisted Optical Rotational Cell Analyzer (LORRCA) for erythrocytes derived from Tissue Bank in Katowice. Measurements were performed immediately after receiving them from Tissue Bank and after 2, 9, and 28 days of storage of samples at the temperature of 4°C in solution with the anticoagulant.

Results: An increase in the erythrocytes Elongation Index in the first 9 days of storing samples at low temperatures was observed in the entire range of applied shear stresses. This indicates an increase in the elasticity of erythrocytes during short-term storage at 4°C. In turn, on the 28th day of erythrocyte storage, a significant decrease in the Elongation Index for shear stresses greater than 1 Pa was observed, which indicates the stiffening of the erythrocyte membrane structure, reducing their elasticity. The relative decrease in the Elongation Index of erythrocytes stored for 28 days compared to erythrocytes measured at the beginning was similar and slightly greater than 30% for shear stresses greater than 3 Pa. For shear stresses lower than 3 Pa, the relative change in elongation index was smaller than for shear stresses greater than 3 Pa and increased with the increase in shear stress.

Conclusions: The elongation index of erythrocytes stored in the anticoagulant solution at 4°C, initially increases in the entire range of applied shear stresses in the first few days from the moment of blood collection and preparation at the Tissue Bank, and then decreases, but on the ninth day of storage the elongation index is still higher than for blood immediately after collection.
The Software with a Graphical User Interface for GAMOS: Basic Training and an Educational Tool for Medical Physicists
Authors: Kandemir Recep , Özsoykal İsmail , Akgüngör Kadir 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction: It is necessary to have special experience to perform the Monte Carlo calculation, commonly used in medical physics and accepted as the gold standard. In this study, we developed software to teach basic steps to medical physicists who were inexperienced in the medical linear accelerator Monte Carlo simulation.

Material and methods: For the design interface, a software called GamosLinacGUI was developed using Gnome Builder, Python, and GTK. The user, who wants to learn the basics of GAMOS and simulate a linear accelerator, can enter the values in the software, select some options and quickly create geometry and physics files.

Results: For proof that the software generates the correct inputs for GAMOS simulation in the same conditions for the measurements and calculations. Required files for GAMOS have been created and tested and run the simulation accordingly. This software was tested with Centos Linux.

Conclusions: GamosLinacGUI has been successfully developed, which creates the geometry and physics files required for the simulation with GAMOS as a training and learning tool.
Spillover effects of economic policy uncertainty on adult and youth unemployment
Authors: Dajčman Silvo , Kavkler Alenka , Levenko Natalia , Romih Dejan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The paper studies the effects of foreign (the US, the UK and the Chinese) and domestic economic policy uncertainty (EPU) shocks on unemployment in Germany, France, Italy and Spain. The analysis is run separately for the rates of adult and youth unemployment. Impulse responses derived from vector autoregressive models show that the magnitudes of the responses of the adult and youth segments of the labour market are quite different. Following an uncertainty shock, the youth unemployment rate increases significantly more than the adult unemployment rate. This is the case for France, Italy and Spain. The German labour market seems to be resistant to foreign (except Chinese) and domestic EPU shocks, while the remaining labour markets, foremost the Spanish and Italian ones, are susceptible to uncertainty shocks, especially to the US EPU shocks.
Effect of fibre content on the geotechnical properties of peat
Authors: Chmielewska Iwona 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine the geotechnical properties of peat and relate them to the fibre content. Peat soil tested in this study was collected from the peatland in the north-eastern Poland, 250 km north-east of Warsaw. Peat samples were taken from eight different depths below the ground surface over an area of approximately 2500 m2. The research programme consisted of laboratory tests of the physical properties of peat and compressibility tests conducted in oedometers. Tests were performed in accordance with the current international and European standards using specialised research equipment. Based on the degree of decomposition, peat was divided into fibric (with more than 66% of fibres), hemic (fibre content from 33% to 66%) and sapric (less than 33% of plant fibres). The bulk and particle densities, natural water content, organic content, initial void ratio and the degree of decomposition were investigated as the physical properties of peat. Based on the oedometer tests, the constrained modulus, compression and secondary compression indexes were determined. It was concluded that the fibric peat is characterised by the lowest bulk and particle densities, the highest water and organic contents, void ratio and compressibility in comparison to hemic and sapric peat. The characteristics of peat have been related to the results presented in the literature.
Pengaruh Luas Bidang Penyinaran dan Delay Time Processing Terhadap Exposure dan Deviation Index Computed Radiography AGFA Seri CR10-X
Authors: Pramartha I Gede Erix Krisna Adi , Ratini Ni Nyoman , Irma Wulandari Putu 
Published: March 2023

Abstrak – Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh luas bidang penyinaran dan delay time processing terhadap exposure index (EI) dan deviation index (DI) computer radiografi (CR). Alat bantu yang digunakan berupa phantom skull, imaging plate, grid, dan CR. Faktor eksposi yang digunakan diatur konstan. Untuk mengetahui besar nilai EI dilakukan ekspose dengan variasi luas bidang penyinaran berikut, 25 cm x 25 cm, 25 cm x 28 cm, 28 cm x 30 cm, 30 cm x 36 cm dan 30 cm x 43 cm. Kemudian dilakukan ekspose dengan menggunakan luas bidang penyinaran konstan yaitu 25 cm x 25 cm, namun dilakukan variasi delay time processing sebagai berikut, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 menit. Nilai EI digunakan untuk mencari nilai DI. Selanjutnya dibuatkan grafik dan dilakukan pengujian berupa uji regresi untuk mengetahui hubungan luas bidang penyinaran terhadap EI dan delay time processing terhadap EI. Dilakukan juga uji analisis jalur untuk mengetahui hubungan luas bidang penyinaran terhadap DI dan delay time processing terhadap DI. Hasil uji regresi menunjukkan luas bidang penyinaran dan delay time processing memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap EI. Hasil uji analisis jalur menunjukkan luas bidang penyinaran tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap DI, sementara delay time processing dan EI memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap DI.
Kata kunci: Exposure index, deviation index, delay time processing, luas bidang penyinaran, computer radiografi