bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buying vertically farmed produce: Comparison of people with lower and higher stated purchase likelihood
Authors: Ares Gastón , Chheang Sok L. , Jaeger Sara R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe study explored attitudinal and socio‐demographic differences between potential buyers and non‐buyers of lettuce grown in a vertical farming (VF) system. Data were collected from people (n = 2193) in four countries—United States, Germany, Singapore, and Australia. Survey results demonstrated a clear link between positive VF attitude and intention to buy, and similarly for negative attitude and intention to not buy. A key difference between people with “lower” and “higher” purchase likelihood (more or less than 50% probability) was that the former were consistently less positive about the benefits of VF. The consumer groups largely perceived the disadvantages of VF similarly. Socio‐economic differences between the consumer groups related to country of living and having children below the age of 18 living at home. The latter significantly increased the likelihood that consumers would classify a having “higher” purchase likelihood for VF‐grown lettuce. German participants were less likely to have a “higher” purchase likelihood.Practical applicationsMajor food system transformations are needed to feed growing global populations and ensure access to heathy diets. Proposed solutions include high‐technology production systems that disentangle food production from natural ecosystems. VF is among these; it is an indoor and fully controlled method for crop production. If most consumers are positive towards VF, as past research suggests, it is paramount that they also purchase VF foods. By comparing consumers who are positively and negatively inclined towards purchasing lettuce from VF, the present research identifies children below the age of 18 living in participants' households as a significant predictor of higher intention to purchase. This may be linked to parental concern for their offspring's future lives in a world likely to be impacted by ecological challenges. A likely positive consequence for VF uptake is that children carry forward some of their food‐related habits and behaviors into adulthood.
The Religious Right and Russia: Christian Nationalism and Americans’ Views on Russia and Vladimir Putin Before and After the Ukrainian Invasion
Authors: Perry Samuel L. , Riccardi‐Swartz Sarah , Davis Joshua T. , Grubbs Joshua B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSince 2016, Americans’ attitudes toward Russia and Vladimir Putin have shifted, with Republicans becoming far more supportive of both. And though condemnation of Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022 remains bipartisan, many Christian‐right leaders still support Putin and Russia. What undergirds this support? Drawing on three national data sets, we theorize Americans’ warmth toward Putin and Russia is reinforced by an ideology that seeks to institutionalize America's mythical Anglo Protestant ethno‐culture—Christian nationalism. Though we propose Christian nationalism's relationship with Russia is more contingent on Russia's geopolitical activity vis‐à‐vis the United States, we theorize that Christian nationalism consistently predicts Putin support due to his authoritarian ethno‐nationalism. April 2018 data show those who affirm America's Christian heritage in the past and/or present are more likely to view Putin and Russia favorably and Russia as our ally. March 2021 data also reveal a linear positive association between Christian nationalism and favorability toward Putin. And March 2022 data reveal a linear positive association between Christian nationalism and admiring Putin's leadership. They also show a U‐shaped curvilinear relationship with viewing Russia as a threat. Paradoxically, Christian nationalism may warm Americans toward foreign authoritarians like Putin even when it compels Americans to perceive their nations as threats.
Effect of using eye masks and earplugs in preventing delirium in intensive care patients: A single‐blinded, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Kiliç Gülşen , Kav Sultan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDelirium, which is frequently encountered in intensive care patients, can be prevented with multicomponent nursing interventions, and thus the negative consequences can be reduced.AimTo examine the effect of using eye masks and earplugs in preventing delirium in intensive care units (ICUs).Study DesignA randomized, controlled, single‐blind intervention study. This study was conducted in the medical and surgical ICUs of a tertiary hospital, and nurses were given pre‐study training on delirium risks, diagnosis, prevention, and management. Data were collected using the patient information form, the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale, the Richard–Campbell Sleep Scale, and the daily follow‐up form. Various environmental modifications were made in the ICUs for all patients, and evidence‐based nonpharmacological nursing interventions were applied to the patients in both groups during the day and night shifts for 3 days. In addition, the patients in the intervention group were provided with eye masks and earplugs for three nights.ResultsThe study included a total of 60 patients (30 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group). There was a statistically significant difference in the development of delirium between the intervention and control groups (night of the 2nd day, p = .019; day of the 3rd day p < .001; night of the 3rd day p ≤ .001). The average total sleep quality score of the intervention group was found to be significantly higher than the control group (p ≤ .001 for three nights). Staying in the internal medicine ICU affected (odds ratio [OR], 11.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.00–46.66; p = .017) more on the development of delirium than in coronary ICU, being in the age group of 65 and over, having a hearing impairment, coming to ICU from the operating room, and education level had an effect.ConclusionsThe earplugs and eye masks used by the intensive care patients overnight were found to be effective in increasing sleep quality and preventing delirium.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe use of eye masks and earplugs is recommended for ICUs in preventing delirium.
Potential influence of nurses’ implicit racial bias on maternal mortality
Authors: Rattan Jesse , Bartlett T. Robin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStark disparities persist in maternal mortality and perinatal outcomes for Black and other birthing people of color, such as Native Americans, and their newborns compared to White people in the United States. An increasing body of research describes the phenomenon of implicit racial bias among providers and how it may affect communication, treatment decisions, the patient care experience, and health outcomes. This synthesis of literature reviews and distills current research on the presence and influence of implicit racial bias among nurses as it may relate to maternal and pregnancy‐related care and outcomes. In this paper, we also summarize what is known about implicit racial bias among other types of healthcare providers and interventions that can mitigate its effects, identify a gap in research, and recommend next steps for nurses and nurse researchers.
A note on Kakeya sets of horizontal and SL(2)$SL(2)$ lines
Authors: Fässler Katrin , Orponen Tuomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe consider unions of lines in . These are lines of the form
where . We show that if is a Kakeya set of lines, then the union has Hausdorff dimension 3. This answers a question of Wang and Zahl. The lines can be identified with horizontal lines in the first Heisenberg group, and we obtain the main result as a corollary of a more general statement concerning unions of horizontal lines. This statement is established via a point‐line duality principle between horizontal and conical lines in , combined with recent work on restricted families of projections to planes, due to Gan, Guo, Guth, Harris, Maldague and Wang. Our result also has a corollary for Nikodym sets associated with horizontal lines, which answers a special case of a question of Kim.
Tissue Growth Model for Maintaining Tensional Homeostasis With Applications to Hypertension and Stented Artery
Authors: Dong Pengfei , Nunes Kenia , Gu Linxia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this work, a theoretical growth model for maintaining a homeostatic mechanical environment was developed to capture the growth behavior of the artery and its association with its mechanical environment. The multiplicative decomposition approach was adopted to decompose the deformation matrix into an elastic term and a growth term. A growth factor relating to homeostatic stress was used to regulate the progressive changes in the arterial morphology. In addition, a growth coefficient was adopted to avoid unlimited growth. The arterial growth model was implemented in a commercial finite element software and tested in the cases of hypertension and stenting. Results have demonstrated that the arterial growth induced by hypertension can mitigate abnormal arterial stresses and restore the stress level in the artery back to its homeostasis. Following stenting, the arterial growth pattern was consistent with the distribution of the von Mises stresses in the artery. The arterial growth homogenized the stress distribution in the artery, except for the regions under the stent struts. The heterogeneous growth of the artery disrupted the alignment of the maximum principal stresses in the artery, elongated the stent, reduced the lumen area, and aggregated the tissue prolapse. It is expected that the growth model developed in this work could help to understand and regulate the chronic response of the tissue. Appropriate modeling of arterial growth in connection with tensional homeostasis provided insights for predicting alterations to the arterial mechanical environment, identifying biomechanical factors leading to restenosis, and designing therapeutic strategies to regulate the tissue adaptations.
Intrinsic Foot Muscle Exercises With and Without Electric Stimulation
Authors: Newsham Katherine R. 
Published: May 2023

Context: Exercising intrinsic foot muscles (IFMs) can improve dynamic balance and foot posture. The exercises are not intuitive and electrotherapy (neuromuscular electrical stimulation [NMES]) has been suggested to help individuals execute the exercises. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of training IFM program on dynamic balance and foot posture and compare traditional training methods (TRAIN) with traditional training plus NMES on the perceived workload of the exercises, balance, and foot posture. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Thirty-nine participants were randomized to control, TRAIN, or NMES. TRAIN and NMES performed IFM exercises daily for 4 weeks; NMES received electrotherapy during the first 2 weeks of training. The Y-Balance test and arch height index were measured in all participants at baseline. The training groups were measured again at 2 weeks; all participants were measured at 4 weeks and 8 weeks, after 4 weeks of no training. Perceived workload (National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index) of exercises was assessed throughout the first 2 weeks and at 4 weeks. Results: A 4-week IFM training program demonstrated increases in Y-Balance (P = .01) for TRAIN and in arch height index (seated P = .03; standing P = .02) for NMES, relative to baseline. NMES demonstrated improvement in Y-Balance (P = .02) and arch height index standing (P = .01) at 2 weeks. There were no significant differences between the training groups. Groups were similar in the number responding to exercises in excess of minimal detectable change on all clinical measures. Perceived workload of the exercises decreased during the first 2 weeks of training (P = .02), and more notably at 4 weeks (P < .001). The groups did not differ in how they perceived the workload. Conclusions: A 4-week IFM training program improved dynamic balance and foot posture. Adding NMES in early phases of training provided early improvement in dynamic balance and foot posture, but did not affect perceived workload.
Bonding Duality and Optoelectronic Properties of Bilayer Carbon Structures Based on the T12 Phase and Penta-Graphene
Authors: Toksumakov A. N. , Baidyshev V. S. , Kvashnin D. G. , Popov Z. I. 
Published: May 2023

Bilayer compounds of two-dimensional T12 phase carbon allotrope and penta-graphene have been studied using the electron density functional theory. The stability of the considered two-dimensional structures with different types of stacking order at different temperatures has been estimated from the calculated phonon spectra and molecular dynamics simulation. The stability of the two-dimensional planar structure up to 1350 K has been demonstrated. It has been shown that bilayer penta-graphene compounds with the AA' and AB' stacking orders have energy minima both in the state with the van der Waals interaction and in the form of covalently bonded layers in the AA-T12 and T12 phases. The barrier for the transition between covalently and van der Waals bonded AA' and AB' stacking orders has been analyzed. The calculated electronic and optical characteristics show that the band gap in the case of covalent bonding is much narrower than that in the case of van der Waals bonding.
Neurodevelopment, vision and auditory outcomes at age 2 years in offspring of participants in the ‘Women First’ maternal preconception nutrition randomised controlled trial
Authors: Fernandes Michelle , Krebs Nancy F , Westcott Jamie , Tshefu Antoinette , Lokangaka Adrien , Bauserman Melissa , Garcés Ana L , Figueroa Lester , Saleem Sarah , Aziz Sumera A , Goldenberg Robert L , Goudar Shivaprasad S , Dhaded Sangappa M , Derman Richard J , Kemp Jennifer F , Koso-Thomas Marion , Sridhar Amaanti , M McClure Elizabeth , Hambidge K Michael 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundMaternal nutrition in preconception and early pregnancy influences fetal growth. Evidence for effects of prenatal maternal nutrition on early child development (ECD) in low-income and middle-income countries is limited.ObjectivesTo examine impact of maternal nutrition supplementation initiated prior to or during pregnancy on ECD, and to examine potential association of postnatal growth with ECD domains.DesignSecondary analysis regarding the offspring of participants of a maternal multicountry, individually randomised trial.SettingRural Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guatemala, India and Pakistan.Participants667 offspring of Women First trial participants, aged 24 months.InterventionMaternal lipid-based nutrient supplement initiated preconceptionally (arm 1, n=217), 12 weeks gestation (arm 2, n=230) or not (arm 3, n=220); intervention stopped at delivery.Main outcome measuresThe INTERGROWTH-21st Neurodevelopment Assessment (INTER-NDA) cognitive, language, gross motor, fine motor, positive and negative behaviour scores; visual acuity and contrast sensitivity scores and auditory evoked response potentials (ERP). Anthropometric z-scores, family care indicators (FCI) and sociodemographic variables were examined as covariates.ResultsNo significant differences were detected among the intervention arms for any INTER-NDA scores across domains, vision scores or ERP potentials. After adjusting for covariates, length-for-age z-score at 24 months (LAZ24), socio-economic status, maternal education and FCI significantly predicted vision and INTER-NDA scores (R2=0.11–0.38, p<0.01).ConclusionsPrenatal maternal nutrition supplementation was not associated with any neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 2 years. Maternal education, family environment and LAZ24predicted ECD. Interventions addressing multiple components of the nurturing care model may offer greatest impact on children’s developmental potential.Trial registration numberNCT01883193.
Genetic factors affecting survival in Japanese patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a genome-wide association study and verification in iPSC-derived motor neurons from patients
Authors: Nakamura Ryoichi , Tohnai Genki , Nakatochi Masahiro , Atsuta Naoki , Watanabe Hirohisa , Ito Daisuke , Katsuno Masahisa , Hirakawa Akihiro , Izumi Yuishin , Morita Mitsuya , Hirayama Takehisa , Kano Osamu , Kanai Kazuaki , Hattori Nobutaka , Taniguchi Akira , Suzuki Naoki , Aoki Masashi , Iwata Ikuko , Yabe Ichiro , Shibuya Kazumoto , Kuwabara Satoshi , Oda Masaya , Hashimoto Rina , Aiba Ikuko , Ishihara Tomohiko , Onodera Osamu , Yamashita Toru , Abe Koji , Mizoguchi Kouichi , Shimizu Toshio , Ikeda Yoshio , Yokota Takanori , Hasegawa Kazuko , Tanaka Fumiaki , Nakashima Kenji , Kaji Ryuji , Niwa Jun-ichi , Doyu Manabu , Terao Chikashi , Ikegawa Shiro , Fujimori Koki , Nakamura Shiho , Ozawa Fumiko , Morimoto Satoru , Onodera Kazunari , Ito Takuji , Okada Yohei , Okano Hideyuki , Sobue Gen 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundSeveral genetic factors are associated with the pathogenesis of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and its phenotypes, such as disease progression. Here, in this study, we aimed to identify the genes that affect the survival of patients with sporadic ALS.MethodsWe enrolled 1076 Japanese patients with sporadic ALS with imputed genotype data of 7 908 526 variants. We used Cox proportional hazards regression analysis with an additive model adjusted for sex, age at onset and the first two principal components calculated from genotyped data to conduct a genome-wide association study. We further analysed messenger RNA (mRNA) and phenotype expression in motor neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-MNs) of patients with ALS.ResultsThree novel loci were significantly associated with the survival of patients with sporadic ALS—FGF1at 5q31.3 (rs11738209, HR=2.36 (95% CI, 1.77 to 3.15), p=4.85×10−9),THSD7Aat 7p21.3 (rs2354952, 1.38 (95% CI, 1.24 to 1.55), p=1.61×10−8) andLRP1at 12q13.3 (rs60565245, 2.18 (95% CI, 1.66 to 2.86), p=2.35×10−8).FGF1andTHSD7Avariants were associated with decreased mRNA expression of each gene in iPSC-MNs and reduced in vitro survival of iPSC-MNs obtained from patients with ALS. The iPSC-MN in vitro survival was reduced when the expression ofFGF1andTHSD7Awas partially disrupted. The rs60565245 was not associated withLRP1mRNA expression.ConclusionsWe identified three loci associated with the survival of patients with sporadic ALS, decreased mRNA expression ofFGF1andTHSD7Aand the viability of iPSC-MNs from patients. The iPSC-MN model reflects the association between patient prognosis and genotype and can contribute to target screening and validation for therapeutic intervention.
Persistent alveolar inflammatory response in critically ill patients with COVID-19 is associated with mortality
Authors: de Brabander Justin , Boers Leonoor S , Kullberg Robert F J , Zhang Shiqi , Nossent Esther J , Heunks Leo M A , Vlaar Alexander P J , Bonta Peter I , Schultz Marcus J , van der Poll Tom , Duitman JanWillem , Bos Lieuwe D J ,   on behalf of the ArtDECO consortium,   the Amsterdam UMC COVID Study group
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPatients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) show limited systemic hyperinflammation, but immunomodulatory treatments are effective. Little is known about the inflammatory response in the lungs and if this could be targeted using high-dose steroids (HDS). We aimed to characterise the alveolar immune response in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS, to determine its association with mortality, and to explore the association between HDS treatment and the alveolar immune response.MethodsIn this observational cohort study, a comprehensive panel of 63 biomarkers was measured in repeated bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and plasma samples of patients with COVID-19 ARDS. Differences in alveolar–plasma concentrations were determined to characterise the alveolar inflammatory response. Joint modelling was performed to assess the longitudinal changes in alveolar biomarker concentrations, and the association between changes in alveolar biomarker concentrations and mortality. Changes in alveolar biomarker concentrations were compared between HDS-treated and matched untreated patients.Results284 BAL fluid and paired plasma samples of 154 patients with COVID-19 were analysed. 13 biomarkers indicative of innate immune activation showed alveolar rather than systemic inflammation. A longitudinal increase in the alveolar concentration of several innate immune markers, including CC motif ligand (CCL)20 and CXC motif ligand (CXCL)1, was associated with increased mortality. Treatment with HDS was associated with a subsequent decrease in alveolar CCL20 and CXCL1 levels.ConclusionsPatients with COVID-19-related ARDS showed an alveolar inflammatory state related to the innate host response, which was associated with a higher mortality. HDS treatment was associated with decreasing alveolar concentrations of CCL20 and CXCL1.
Charged Higgs prospects in extended gauge models
Authors: Coleppa Baradhwaj , Krishna Gokul B. , Sarkar Agnivo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we explore the collider phenomenology of charged Higgs bosons in the context of a generic Beyond Standard Model scenario with extended gauge and scalar sectors. In such scenarios, the charged Higgs boson can decay via the $$W^{'}Z/ WZ^{'}$$

W

′

Z
/
W

Z

′

channels. We formulate a search strategy for the $$H^{\pm }$$

H
±

in the channel $$\sigma (g b \rightarrow H^{\pm }t){\mathcal{B}\mathcal{R}}(H^{\pm } \rightarrow W' Z)$$

σ

(
g
b
→

H
±

t
)

B
R

(

H
±

→

W
′

Z
)

considering the interesting cascade decay chain $$H^{\pm } \rightarrow W^{'} Z \rightarrow W^{\pm } Z Z$$

H
±

→

W

′

Z
→

W
±

Z
Z

. We find that the charged Higgs can be discovered in final states with multiple hard leptons and/or b-quarks which future LHC experiments with sufficiently large luminosity ($${\mathcal {L}} = 1000~\text {fb}^{-1}$$

L
=
1000

fb

-
1

and above) can probe. We then study the phenomenological implications of our findings in the context of a generic toy model with a $$H^{\pm }$$

H
±

as well as in a more realistic electroweak symmetry breaking scenario.
Sigma chromatic number of the middle graph of some general families of trees of height 2
Authors: Manamtam Jay-R. A. , Garciano Agnes D. , Tolentino Mark Anthony C. 
Published: May 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a nontrivial connected graph and let [Formula: see text] be a vertex coloring of [Formula: see text] where adjacent vertices may have the same color. For a vertex [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] the color sum [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is the sum of the colors of the vertices adjacent to [Formula: see text] The coloring [Formula: see text] is said to be a sigma coloring of [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] whenever [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are adjacent vertices in [Formula: see text] The minimum number of colors that can be used in a sigma coloring of [Formula: see text] is called the sigma chromatic number of [Formula: see text] and is denoted by [Formula: see text] In this study, we show that the sigma chromatic number of the middle graph of full binary trees of height [Formula: see text] is 2. We also determine a lower bound for the sigma chromatic number of graphs containing an induced subgraph isomorphic to a complete graph joined by pendant vertices. With this lower bound, we obtain the sigma chromatic number of the middle graph of the graphs [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] stars, bistars, and the middle graph of some families of trees of height 2.