bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jordan regular units in rings and group rings
Authors: Kumari P. , Sahai M. , Sharma R. K. 
Published: April 2023

UDC 512.5
The concept of Lie regular elements and Lie regular units was defined and studied by Kanwar, Sharma and Yadav in <em>Lie regular generators of general linear groups</em>, Comm. Algebra, <strong>40</strong>, № 4, 1304–1315 (2012)]. We introduce Jordan regular elements and Jordan regular units. It is proved that the order of the set of Jordan regular units in

M

(
2
,

Z

2
n

)

is equal to a half of the order of

U

(
M
(
2
,

Z

2
n

)
)

.

Further, we show that the group ring

K
G

of a group

G

over a field

K

of characteristic

2

has no Jordan regular units.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ НОВЫХ ВИДОВ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ УДОБРЕНИЙ И БИОПРЕПАРАТОВ НА ПОСАДКАХ КАРТОФЕЛЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЮГО-ВОСТОКА КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Буданов Н.У. , Айтбаев Т.Е. , Бурибаева Л.А. , Джумадилова Г.Б. 
Published: April 2023

Научная статья подготовлена по результататам исследований, которые были выполнены в рамках проекта «Органическое производство картофеля и столовых корнеплодов (морковь, свекла) на основе использования адаптивно-экологичных сортов и биологизации агротехнологии культур в условиях юго-востока Казахстана». Исследования проведены по общепринятым в овощеводстве и агрохимии методикам. В условиях темно-каштановых почв предгорной зоны юго-востока Казахстана изучена эффективность новых видов органических удобрений и биопрепаратов на культуре картофеля. Оценивалось значение различных биоорганических удобрений в производстве органического картофеля. В полевых опытах с картофелем выявлено действие органических удобрений, биоудобрений и биостимуляторов, производимых в Казахстане и зарубежных странах, на урожайность и качество клубней. В научной статье приведены экспериментальные данные за 2021-2022 гг. Установлено, что исследованные биоудобрения оказывают положительное влияние на ростовые процессы растений. Отмечено интенсивное развитие и формирование мощной биомассы картофельных растений. Наблюдалось улучшение качества продукции за счет снижения содержания нитратов. Биоорганические удобрения и биопрепараты повышали урожайность картофеля на 12,50-88,09% (2021 г.) и на 17,39-87,50% (2022 г.). Содержание нитратов в клубнях картофеля заметно колебалось в зависимости от видов применяемых удобрений. Минимальные уровни нитратов (60-84 мг/кг) отмечены в урожаях, выращенных с применением новых биоудобрений - StresStop, WORМiс, MEGAVit и BioZZ. Наименьшее содержание нитратов в картофеле (49 мг/кг) по опыту было на варианте, где применялось 100%-органическое удобрение Терра Сорб фолиар в норме 3 л/га (3-кратно).
ӨЗЕНДЕРДІҢ МОРФОМЕТРИЯЛЫҚ СИПАТТАМАЛАРЫН ГАЖ- ТЕХНОЛОГИЯЛАРЫН ПАЙДАЛАНЫП АНЫҚТАУ
Authors: Тунгатар Д.`C. , Кайпбаев Е.Т. , Муханбет Е.Ғ. , Исах С.Т. , Тұрсыналы Д.Д. 
Published: April 2023

Географиялық ақпараттық жүйелер гидрологияда су ресурстарын есептеу және бағалау үшін, су объектілерінің гидрологиялық режимін зерттеу мақсатында кеңірек қолданылуда. Деректерді жинау, өңдеу және интерпретациялау, гидрологиялық желілерді жобалау және географиялық ақпараттық жүйелері (ГАЖ) технологиясы мен дербес компьютерлерді кеңінен қолдану арқылы шешім қабылдау ұсыныстарын дайындаудың көптеген мәселелерін гидрологиялық тәжірибеде осы уақытқа дейін шешілгеннен жедел және тиімдірек шешуге болады. ГАЖ технологиясының су объектілерін гидрографиялық сипаттамаларымен, гидрологиялық бекеттерімен және өлшеу деректерімен бірге цифрлық немесе қағаз карталарда жедел ұсыну мүмкіндігі болып жатқан процестердің егжей-тегжейлі бейнесін алу үшін бақылау материалдарын автоматтандырылған кешенді талдау мен түсіндіруді жүргізуге мүмкіндік береді.
Бұл жұмыста Алматы облысының өзен бассейндерінде әртүрлі гидрологиялық мәселелерді шешу үшін ГАЖ-ды қолданудың әдістемелік тәсілдері ұсынылған. Сандық карталар таңдалған өзендердің қажетті физикалық-географиялық сипаттамаларын анықтады, олар бұрын жарияланған мәліметтермен салыстырылды. Зерттелетін өзендердің су жинау шекаралары нақтыланды. Бассейндердің пішіні мен орналасуына байланысты сызықтық және аумақтық объектілерді дәл өлшеу үшін картографиялық проекцияларды таңдау принципі ұсынылды. ГАЖ технологиясын қолданып, картометриялық жұмыстарды орындаудың ұсынылған әдістемелік тәсілдері уақыт шығындарын едәуір қысқартуға және өлшеу нәтижелерінің дәлдігін арттыруға мүмкіндік берді.
МЕТОДИКА РАСЧЕТА И ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ВСАСЫВАЮЩИХ УСТРОЙСТВ ПЕРЕДВИЖНОЙ УСТАНОВКИ ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ШАХТНЫХ КОЛОДЦЕВ
Authors: Әуелбек Е.К. , Саркынов Е. , Радзевичус А. , Қапар Ш. , Oңласын Ұ.Қ. 
Published: April 2023

Нaучнaя стaтья направлена нa исследовaние технологии очистки шaхтных колодцев с использовaнием гидрaвлического методa рaзмывa, удaления грунтовых отложений и грейферного методa удaления посторонних предметов для передвижной устaновки. Дaннaя устaновкa обеспечивaет выполнение всех технологических оперaций и улучшение технологических пaрaметров устaновки – увеличение производительности в 1,2 – 1,3 рaзa. Дaн крaткий обзор предшествующих исследовaний по восстaновлению дебитa шaхтных колодцев посредством их очистки от зaиления, грунтовых отложений и посторонних предметов и их сервисного обслуживaния. Приведенa конструктивно-технологическaя схемa рaзрaботaнной в НAО КaзНAИУ передвижной устaновки для очистки и дезинфекции шaхтных колодцев и техобслуживaния водоподъемного оборудовaния с описaнием устройствa, технологического процессa, отличительных признaков и новизны по срaвнению с aнaлогaми. Нa конструкцию передвижной устaновки для очистки и дезинфекции шaхтных колодцев получен пaтент изобретения KZ №32994, пaтентооблaдaтелем которой является НAО КaзНAИУ.
Предложенa методикa обосновaния теоретических предпосылок по новой технологии очистки шaхтных колодцев с использовaнием гидрaвлического методa рaзмывa, пневмовзмучивaния и удaление грунтовых отложений двухкaмерным пневмонaсосом и грейферного методa удaления посторонних предметов, дaны результaты их исследовaния.
Planetary Parameters, XUV Environments, and Mass-loss Rates for Nearby Gaseous Planets with X-Ray-detected Host Stars
Authors: Spinelli Riccardo , Gallo Elena , Haardt Francesco , Caldiroli Andrea , Biassoni Federico , Borsa Francesco , Rauscher Emily 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We leverage Gaia DR2 parallactic distances to deliver new or revised estimates of planetary parameters and X-ray irradiation for a distance-limited (≲100 pc) sample of 27 gaseous planets (from super-Earths to hot Jupiters) with publicly available Chandra and/or XMM observations, for which we carry out a homogeneous data reduction. For 20 planets with X-ray-detected host stars we make use of the photoionization hydrodynamics code ATES to derive updated atmospheric mass outflow rates. The newly derived masses/radii are not consistent with the exoplanet.eu values for five systems: HD 149026b and WASP-38, for mass, and Au Mic b, HAT-P-20, and HAT-P-2 for radii. Notably, the lower mass implies a (Saturn-like) density of 0.86 ± 0.09 g cm−3 for HD 149026b. This independent estimate is consistent with the lowest values reported in the literature. Separately, we report on the X-ray detection of GJ 9827, HD 219134, and LHS 1140 for the first time. The inferred stellar X-ray luminosity of LHS 1140 (

1.34

−
0.21

+
0.19

×

10

26

erg s−1) implies that LHS 1140 b is the least irradiated transiting super-Earth known to orbit within the habitable zone of a nearby M dwarf.
Chemodynamically Tagged Groups of CEMP Stars in the Halo of the Milky Way. I. Untangling the Origins of CEMP-s and CEMP-no Stars
Authors: Zepeda Joseph , Beers Timothy C. , Placco Vinicius M. , Shank Derek , Gudin Dmitrii , Hirai Yutaka , Mardini Mohammad , Pifer Colin , Catapano Thomas , Calagna Sean 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We construct a sample of 644 carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars with abundance analyses based on moderate- to high-resolution spectroscopic studies. Dynamical parameters for these stars are estimated based on radial velocities, Bayesian parallax-based distance estimates, and proper motions from Gaia EDR3 and DR3, supplemented by additional available information where needed. After separating our sample into the different CEMP morphological groups in the Yoon–Beers diagram of absolute carbon abundance versus metallicity, we used the derived specific energies and actions (E, J

r
, J

ϕ
, J

z
) to cluster them into Chemodynamically Tagged Groups (CDTGs). We then analyzed the elemental-abundance dispersions within these clusters by comparing them to the dispersion of clusters that were generated at random. We find that, for the Group I (primarily CEMP-s and CEMP-r/s) clustered stars, there exist statistically insignificant intracluster dispersions in [Fe/H], [C/Fe]
c
(evolution corrected carbon), and [Mg/Fe] when compared to the intracluster dispersions of randomly clustered Group I CEMP stars. In contrast, the Group II (primarily CEMP-no) stars exhibit clear similarities in their intracluster abundances, with very low, statistically significant, dispersions in [C/Fe]
c
and marginally significant results in [Mg/Fe]. These results strongly indicate that Group I CEMP stars received their carbon enhancements from local phenomena, such as mass transfer from an evolved binary companion in regions with extended star formation histories, while the CDTGs of Group II CEMP stars formed in low-metallicity environments that had already been enriched in carbon, likely from massive rapidly rotating ultra- and hyper-metal-poor stars and/or supernovae associated with high-mass early-generation stars.
The Evryscope Fast Transient Engine: Real-time Detection for Rapidly Evolving Transients
Authors: Corbett Hank , Carney Jonathan , Gonzalez Ramses , Fors Octavi , Galliher Nathan , Glazier Amy , Howard Ward S. , Law Nicholas M. , Quimby Robert , Ratzloff Jeffrey K. , Soto Alan Vasquez 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Astrophysical transients with rapid developments on subhour timescales are intrinsically rare. Due to their short durations, events like stellar superflares, optical flashes from gamma-ray bursts, and shock breakouts from young supernovae are difficult to identify on timescales that enable spectroscopic follow-up. This paper presents the Evryscope Fast Transient Engine (EFTE), a new data reduction pipeline that is designed to provide low-latency transient alerts from the Evryscopes—a north–south pair of ultra-wide-field telescopes with an instantaneous footprint covering 38% of the entire sky—and tools for building long-term light curves from Evryscope data. EFTE leverages the optical stability of the Evryscopes by using a simple direct image subtraction routine that is suited to continuously monitoring the transient sky at a cadence of a minute. Candidates are produced within the base Evryscope 2 minute cadence for 98.5% of images, and internally filtered using vetnet, a convolutional neural network real–bogus classifier. EFTE provides an extensible and robust architecture for transient surveys probing similar timescales, and serves as the software test bed for the real-time analysis pipelines and public data distribution systems for the Argus Array, a next-generation all-sky observatory with a data rate 62 times higher than that of Evryscope.
Turbulence in Zeeman Measurements from Molecular Clouds
Authors: Cao Zhuo , Li Hua-bai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Magnetic fields (B fields) play an important role in molecular cloud fragmentation and star formation but are very difficult to detect. The temporal correlation between the field strength (B) and gas density (n) of an isolated cloud has been suggested as an indication of the dynamical importance of B fields relative to self-gravity. This temporal B–n relation is, however, unobservable. What can be observed using Zeeman measurements are the “spatial B–n relations” from the current plane of the sky. Nevertheless, the temporal B–n relation argument has still been widely used to interpret observations. Here we present the first numerical test of the legitimacy of this interpretation. From a simulation that can reproduce the observed Zeeman spatial B ∝ n
2/3 relation, we found that temporal B
–n relations of individual cores bear no resemblance to the spatial B
–n relations. This result inspired us to discover that the true mechanism behind the 2/3 index is random turbulence compression instead of symmetrical gravitational contraction.
The Efficiency of Electron Acceleration during the Impulsive Phase of a Solar Flare
Authors: Kontar Eduard P. , Emslie A. Gordon , Motorina Galina G. , Dennis Brian R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Solar flares are known to be prolific electron accelerators, yet identifying the mechanism(s) for such efficient electron acceleration in solar flare (and similar astrophysical settings) presents a major challenge. This is due in part to a lack of observational constraints related to conditions in the primary acceleration region itself. Accelerated electrons with energies above ∼20 keV are revealed by hard X-ray (HXR) bremsstrahlung emission, while accelerated electrons with even higher energies manifest themselves through radio gyrosynchrotron emission. Here, we show, for a well-observed flare on 2017 September 10, that a combination of RHESSI HXR and and the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (SDO/AIA) EUV observations provides a robust estimate of the fraction of the ambient electron population that is accelerated at a given time, with an upper limit of ≲10−2 on the number density of nonthermal (≥20 keV) electrons, expressed as a fraction of the number density of ambient protons in the same volume. This upper limit is about 2 orders of magnitude lower than previously inferred from microwave observations of the same event. Our results strongly indicate that the fraction of accelerated electrons in the coronal region at any given time is relatively small but also that the overall duration of the HXR emission requires a steady resupply of electrons to the acceleration site. Simultaneous measurements of the instantaneous accelerated electron number density and the associated specific electron acceleration rate provide key constraints for a quantitative study of the mechanisms leading to electron acceleration in magnetic reconnection events.
A survey of chloroquine use for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in Nigeria
Authors: Yetunde Olukosi Adeola , Fowora Muinah , Kazeem Adeneye Adeniyi , Chukwu Emelda , Aina Oluwagbemiga , Ajibaye Olusola , James Ayorinde , Gab-Okafor Chidinma , Abiodun Holdbrooke Susan , Ngozi Ohihoin Esther , Zaidat Musa Adesola , Amoo Olufemi , Showemimo Oluyomi , Afolabi Bamgboye , Chukwujekwu Ezechi Oliver , Lawal Salako Babatunde 
Published: April 2023

Background: Rampant chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine poisoning in Nigerian hospitals following suggestions of its possible efficacy in the treatment and prevention of the newly emerged COVID-19 disease informed this survey.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and perception of the Nigerian populace on the use of chloroquine in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done by administering an electronic questionnaire created using Google Docs, through social media cascade methods including the WhatsApp application software to capture data on chloroquine use between April 20 and June 20, 2020.
Results: Six hundred and twenty-eight people responded to the questionnaire (response rate 99.2%, mean age 41.05 ± 12.3) from the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria with 556 (88.5%) having tertiary level education. Only 21 (3.3%) of the respondents took chloroquine for treatment or prevention. Respondents from the North-west geopolitical zones used chloroquine 5.8 (95% CI: 1.55, 21.52, p=0.02) more times than other zones while the age group 20-29 were 8.8 times more likely to use chloroquine than any other age group (95% CI: 3.53, 21.70, p = 0.00). Female respondents were 2.3 times more likely to use chloroquinethan the males (OR 2.26 95% CI: 0.90-5.68; p=0.08) and those in the income bracket of N75,000-99,000, 2.5 times more than other income groups.
Conclusion: Young adults, North-western geopolitical zone, and female gender should be target groups for education on rational chloroquine use. The danger of chloroquine overdose should be communicated to the general population in Nigeria.
Keywords: COVID-19; Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine; self-medication; rational drug use.
Vaccine rate forecast for COVID-19 in Africa using hybrid forecasting models
Authors: S Dhamodharavadhani , R Rathipriya 
Published: April 2023

Background: The public health sectors can use the forecasting applications to determine vaccine stock requirements to avoid excess or shortage stock. This prediction will ensure that immunization protection for COVID- 19 is well-distributed among African citizens.
Objective: The aim of this study is to forecast vaccination rate for COVID-19 in Africa
Methods: The method used to estimate predictions is the hybrid forecasting models which predicts the COVID-19 vaccination rate (CVR). HARIMA is a hybrid of ARIMA and the Linear Regression model and HGRNN is a hybrid of Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) and the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model which are used to improve predictive accuracy.
Results: In this study, standard and hybrid forecasting models are used to evaluate new COVID-19 vaccine cases daily in May and June 2021. To evaluate the effectiveness of the models, the COVID-19 vaccine dataset for Africa was used, which included new vaccine cases daily from 13 January 2021 to 16 May 2021. Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Error Percentage (EP) are used as evaluation measures in this process. The results obtained showed that the hybrid GRNN model performed better than the hybrid ARIMA model.
Conclusion: HGRNN model provides accurate daily vaccinated case forecast, which helps to maintain optimal vaccine stock toavoid vaccine wastage and save many lives.
Keywords: Vaccination forecasting; ARIMA; Immunization; Time series techniques; Hybrid ARIMA; Prediction; Linear Regression; Gaussian Regression Process; Hybrid GRNN.
The Pattern of COVID-19 in Horn of Africa countries, from March-December 2020
Authors: Teweldeberhan Ghebremichael Samson , Habte Tewolde Rezene , Kidane Andegiorgish Amanuel , Pan Guoqing 
Published: April 2023

Background: Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) is a novel, highly infectious, and potentially fatal communicable pandemic disease. It has taken longer to reach Africa than the other continents.
Objective: To examine the pattern of COVID-19 in the Horn of Africa countries from March to December 2020.
Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study in which the total number of daily reported cases and deaths were collected from the official website of the World Health Organization (WHO) and Worldometer. Data were standardized based on the total population provided by World Population Prospects 2020 per million. Data sources of WHO reports and governmental reports from March to December 2020 were analyzed in this study. Data extraction was done using the microsoft excel spreadsheet tool, variables relating to the countries were computed in terms of frequencies and percentages.
Results: The findings revealed that as of 31st December 2020, 136,129 (7590 per million) cases were reported from the four countries in the Horn of Africa. The overall case fatality rate (CFR) in the Horn of Africa was 1.14%. The majority of the cases were reported from Djibouti (77.20%), followed by Ethiopia (14.07%), Eritrea (4.87%), and Somalia (3.86%). The highest case fatality rate (0.81%) was from Djibouti, and the lowest (0.01%) was from Eritrea.
Conclusions: The epidemiological pattern of COVID-19 among the Horn of African countries seems to have slow progress, given the prevalence of the new infections remains low, and the death toll seems stable throughout the study periods, except for Djibouti. Hence, the prevention control measures implemented in the countries should be further strengthened and supported. It is recommended that relevant stakeholders responsible for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic should put up measures to curb the spread of the virus in the region and set up a crisis management system to combat future pandemics.
Keywords: Coronavirus; COVID-19; pattern; Horn of Africa; fatality rate.
The integrity of psychophysical visual function in non-immunocompromised PLHIV (NIPLHIV) without retinitis on antiretroviral therapy (ART)
Authors: Jeffrey Munsamy Alvin , L Brautaset Rune , A Moodley Anandan 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The present study investigated the integrity of contrast sensitivity (CS), colour vision, and pattern evoked vision potentials (VEP) in non-immunocompromised people living with HIV (NIPLHIV) without retinitis.
Methods: All participants were visually asymptomatic and no history of ocular disorders, with CD4 counts above 350 cells/ mm3, low viral loads and on ART. Thirty NIPLHIV and 30 age-matched HIV negative control groups underwent F100 hue colour assessment, Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity assessment and pattern-reversal VEP.
Results: The median F100 total error scores for NIPLHIV and controls was 33 (IQR: 28;41) and 28 (IQR: 26;48.50) respectively, this was statistically different (p= 0.020). The median P100 amplitude for NIPLHIV was 5.75 μV (IQR: 4.4;8.85) and 4.05 μV (IQR: 3.2;5.8) for controls, this was statistically different (p=0.045). The mean LogCS score 1.83±0.14 and the median P100 peak latency was 105.45 msec (IQR: 102.98;108.98) for NIPLHIV. Higher CD4+ counts were significantly associated with having higher F100 total error scores (OR=0.995; p=0.018), lower P100 amplitudes (OR=1.007; p=0.010) and higher P100 latencies (OR=0.994; p=0.011).
Conclusion: Contrast sensitivity function, colour vision, and VEP were uncompromised in NIPLHIV. Associations between CD4 counts with F100 total error scores and P100 latency may aid in the surveillance of vision of NIPLHIV.
Keywords: HIV; vision disorders.
Intimate partner violence and child loss: an evaluation of 7 sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: F McClintock Heather , E Edmonds Sarah , R Lambert Alexis 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and child loss disproportionately affect women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Little research has examined the relationship between IPV and child loss in SSA.
Methods: We used data from Demographic Health Surveys in 7 countries in SSA (Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, Sierra Leone, Togo, Zambia, and Rwanda). Women’s Health Module questions assessed lifetime physical, sexual, and emotional IPV. Child loss was calculated as the difference between the number of child births and the number oF Lliving children. Logistic regression was conducted adjusting for age, marital status, educational attainment, location of residence, wealth, sexually transmitted infections, and country of origin. Data were weighted and analysed using STATA Software (14.0).
Results: Among women who gave birth, approximately one third (31.7%) reported that they lost 1 or more children. Nearly half (44.3%) reported that they experienced physical IPV during their lifetime. Women who had experienced physical, emotional, or sexual IPV were significantly more likely to report a loss of 1 or more children (OR=1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI)= [1.08, 1.33]; OR=1.30, 95% CI= [1.16, 1.45]; OR=1.42, 95% CI= [1.23, 1.65], respectively) in comparison with women who had not experienced IPV controlling for potentially influential covariates. Women who were older, married, had lower educationalattainment, and had lower income were more likely to have lost 1 or more children.
Conclusion: These results suggest that women who experienced all types of and cumulative exposure to IPV may be more likely to lose a child in SSA.
Keywords: Partner violence; domestic violence; childhood mortality.