bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Growth Parameters of Vegetable Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)
Authors: Atchaya U. , Sankari A. , Kalaiyarasi R. , Savitha B. K. , Vanitha K. , Hemavathy A. Thanga 
Published: September 2023

Aim: The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of gamma irradiation on the growth parameters of cowpea variety Paiyur-1.Seeds were irradiated with physical mutagen viz., gamma irridation. The doses of radiation used were control, 50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy, 200 Gy, 250 Gy, 300 Gy, 350 Gy, and 400 Gy.Finding the LD50 and GR50 value for the physical mutagen dosages is the study's major goal. Cs137 is exposed to gamma radiation, and the observation were recorded in the M1 generation.
Study Design: The regression method by applying Probit analysis based on rates of fatalities was utilised to estimate the Lethal Dose (LD50). Simple Linear Regression on the dose-response curve was adopted to evaluate the GR50 incorporating all of the vegetative parameters using R software.
Place and Duration of Research: The study was carried out at Horticulture orchard, Department of Vegetable Science, Horticulture College and research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2022-2023.
Methodology: In this study, the paiyur-1 variety of cowpea was sown with two replications, those mutagenized seeds were planted individually in germination paper using the roll towel method and dry seeds that weren't irradiated served as the control. To find the lethal dose 50 and to observe the shoot length, root length, germination percentage, mortality rate and seed vigour.
Results: Among the 9 gamma irradiated treatments, 50Gy and 100 Gy exhibited superior germination percentages, despite the fact 50 Gy treated seeds were having appealing shoot length, root length, and plant height. The linear relationship have given that shoot length and root length are the two parameter that are highly susceptible to gamma irradiation than plant height and seed vigour.
Evaluation of Tabernaemontana divaricata Accessions for Loose Flower Production
Authors: Niranjana S. , Visalakshi M. , Ganga M. , Vethamoni P. Irene , Boopathi N. Manikanda 
Published: September 2023

Crepe jasmine or East Indian rosebay or pinwheel flower, Tabernaemontana divaricata originated from India is a popular large shrub or a small tree grown in tropical and sub-tropical gardens for its beautiful glossy foliage and mild fragrant waxy white, ornamental flowers. It produces flowers throughout the year, except in winter but profusely during summer season. Rather than the opened flowers, the unopened flower buds are commonly used as an alternate to Jasminum sambac buds in off-season. The present investigation was carried out at the Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Horticulture college and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu agriculture university, Coimbatore during 2022-2023. Randomized Block Design was used with three replications with the objective of investigating promising genotypes of Tabernaemontana divaricata, collected based on the type of petals from different locations for loose flower production. In the study totally 12 accessions were collected and named from Acc. No. 1 to 12. They are evaluated for their vegetative and floral parameters such as plant height, leaf length, leaf width, no. of branches, plant spread in EW & NS direction. Floral parameters include bud length, bud diameter, stalk length and no. of petals/flower. Out of the collected accessions, Acc. No. 2 & 5 are suitable for veni arrangement and Acc. No.10 & 11 are suitable for garland making. Buds of acc. No.4 & 6 are similar to Jasminum sambac and J. auriculatum buds.
Development and Validation of a Mobile Application for Predicting the Risk of Anastomotic Leakage in Patients Operated for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Dias Vinícius Evangelista , Filho Homero Terra Padilha , Campos Ivy de , Oliveira Suellen Rosa de , Moreira Bruno Nascimento , Silva Brucy Júlio , Silva Thais Almeida Marques da , Soares Aleida Nazareth 
Published: September 2023

Background: The scientific literature presents some tools for predicting the risk of anastomotic leakage in patients operated on for the treatment of colorectal cancer. However, a mobile application for this purpose has not been built yet.
Aim: To build and validate a mobile application capable of predicting the risk of anastomotic leakage in patients operated for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Methods: An application containing a prognostic index for urgent colectomy and an index for elective colectomy was built (Leak Index). This application was validated by judges in the area of ​​general surgery and coloproctology using the SUS table (Scale Usability System).
Results: Regarding the general evaluation, it is observed that the judges agree regarding the usability of the application, with a general S-CVI of 0.90 being registered, above the criterion of 0.80, which corresponds to 90.01% of general agreement of the evaluators. Raters mostly agree on ease of use (I-CVI = 0.95) and that people will quickly learn to use it (I-CVI = 0.955).
Conclusion: An application with excellent usability rates was built to predict the risk of anastomotic leakage in patients who underwent colectomy for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Compound Odontome at Angle of Mandible: An Unusual Case Report
Authors: Shandilya Pankhuri , Singh Priyankar , Singh Swati , Singh Nimmi , Mishra Navin , Iqbal Jawed 
Published: September 2023

Rationale: A neoplastic cyst like lesion which resembles a tumor and arises from tooth forming tissues. Patient reported with rocky hard swelling of left lower jaw leading to difficulty in mouth opening, facial deformity and consistent mild pain.
Diagnosis: Compound odontome usually based on clincoradiological findings.
Treatment: Unilateral hard mass was surgically removed from mandible and reconstruction plate were placed. On separation specimen yielded 17 teeth like structure.
Results: Outcomes as we see histologically multiple small teeth like structures are surgically removed under general anesthesia and reconstructed with titanium plates.
Efficacy of Ozonized Sunflower Oil with Tea Tree Oil as Desensitizing Agents in Dental Bleaching: Randomized and Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Schneider Luiza Maria , Cardoso Poliana Maria de Faveri , Ueda Julio Katuhide , Mendonça Márcio José , Camilotti Veridiana 
Published: September 2023

Background: Dental bleaching is one of the most commonly prescribed procedures in aesthetic dentistry due to its effectiveness and minimally invasive nature. However, a recurrent and challenging side effect is dentin hypersensitivity after the procedure.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate whether the use of ozonized oil combined with tea tree oil is effective in controlling post-bleaching dentin sensitivity.
Methods: A randomized, double-blind, split-mouth clinical trial was conducted. Participants were divided into two experimental groups (n=29) according to the desensitization protocol: control group: potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride; test group: ozonized sunflower oil combined with tea tree oil. Both groups were applied before dental bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis using a non-parametric Friedman repeated measures ANOVA test (p < 0.05), followed by the Durbin-Conover post hoc test (p < 0.05).
Results: In the assessment of sensitivity level, there were no statistically significant differences between the test group and the control group. A higher level of sensitivity was observed for the lower arch after one hour of bleaching agent removal in both groups, and the color change was statistically equal between the two groups.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the test group paste was as effective in reducing dental sensitivity caused by dental bleaching as the control group. Additionally, neither of the groups affected the bleaching capacity of hydrogen peroxide.
Early Excision and Grafting Versus Delayed Skin Grafting in Extensive Burn Patients: A Retrospective Study at the National Burn Center in Morocco
Authors: Harti Amine El , Sabur Sara , Habla Marouane , Youssfi Ahlam , Karti Sarah , Diouri Mounia 
Published: September 2023

Severe burns pose significant challenges to patients and healthcare providers due to their high mortality rate and prolonged hospital stay. This article aims to investigate the effects of early excision and skin grafting compared to conservative management with delayed skin grafting on reducing mortality and hospitalization duration.
We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the outcomes of acute burn patients with extensive burns admitted to the National Burn Center in Morocco from January 2017 to December 2022, with a total body surface area (TBSA) of a burn between 10% to 60%.
The findings suggest that early excision and skin grafting significantly decrease the mortality rate and hospital stay in extensive burn patients. However, careful patient selection, meticulous surgical techniques, and appropriate postoperative care remain crucial for achieving optimal outcomes.
Novel Meningoencephalomyelitis Associated With Vimentin IgG Autoantibodies
Authors: Wan Dongshan , Zhao Shufang , Zhang Chen , Xu Fang , Wang Huizi , Tao Shaoxin , Qiu Zhandong , Jiang Hao , Li Dawei , Wang Fei , Li Dong , Chen Jiahao , Wang Yan , Yan Yao , Zhao Yan , Gao Xiaohan , Jin Bingxue , Liu Di , Zhang Mengyao , Feng Jingjing , Hou Shiyue , Wang Mingyang , Chen Teng , Lin Ming , Han Jinming , Wen Xinmei , Jiang Wei , Liu Liang , Long Youming , Zhao Yinan , Kira Jun-Ichi , Liu Zheng , Chai Guoliang , Hao Junwei 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceAutoantibodies targeting astrocytes, such as those against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) or aquaporin protein 4, are crucial diagnostic markers for autoimmune astrocytopathy among central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disorders. However, diagnosis remains challenging for patients lacking specific autoantibodies.ObjectiveTo characterize a syndrome of unknown meningoencephalomyelitis associated with an astrocytic autoantibody.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective case series study included samples collected from April 2021 to May 2024 at a tertiary referral hospital among patients with uncharacterized CNS autoimmune disorders and similar clinical and radiological features. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cells of 2 index patients to identify the putative target antigen of the clonally expanded B cells. A comprehensive screening for additional patients was conducted using blinded cell-based and tissue-based assay. Candidate patients were followed up for a median (range) duration of 23 (5-31) months.ExposuresscRNA-seq, autoantibody characterization, and testing.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDetection of the autoantibody and characterization of the associated autoimmune meningoencephalomyelitis.ResultsFourteen candidate patients (10 [71%] female; median [IQR] age, 33 [23-41] years) were identified. Initially, CSF from 2 female patients with unknown encephalomyelitis showed astrocytic reactivity on rat tissue but was negative for GFAP IgG. A total of 17 of 37 clonally expanded B cell clonotypes (46%) in their CSF expressed IgG autoantibodies targeting the astrocytic intermediate filament protein vimentin. Subsequent screening identified 12 additional patients. These 14 patients shared a unique clinical profile characterized by relapsing courses and symptoms prominently involving the cerebellum, brainstem, and corticospinal tract (CST). All patients also exhibited elevated CSF protein and cells, intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing bilateral lesions on CST. Notably, 8 of 12 patients (67%) who received first-line immunotherapy at their first episode responded well. At the last follow-up, 11 patients (79%) experienced significant disability (modified Rankin Scale ≥3).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this case series, autoantibodies targeting the astrocytic intermediate filament protein vimentin were identified in patients with previously undifferentiated meningoencephalomyelitis and common radiographic features.
Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Diamond‐Reinforced AlSi10Mg: Printing Process, Interfacial Characterization, and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Kraiem Nada , Tessier‐Doyen Nicolas , Mao Aofei , Ji Gang , Wang Fei , Loubère Emmanuel , Dong Haoyu , Zhu Qiuchi , Cui Bai , Silvain Jean‐François , Lu Yong Feng 
Published: January 2025

The additive manufacturing of metal matrix composites (MMCs) using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is gaining considerable attention for its ability to produce high‐performance materials with intricate geometries. However, incorporating reinforcement such as diamond (D) particles poses challenges to the melting and solidification behavior of the powders, potentially affecting print quality. In this study, the laser irradiation of AlSi10Mg powder mixed with 5 vol% of uncoated D particles is investigated across varying processing parameters. Dense (97%) and crack‐free parts are successfully produced using high laser powers (300 and 400 W) and low laser scanning speeds (300 and 400 mm s−1). It is shown that the energy needed for proper melting of the powder surpasses that required for printing pure AlSi10Mg. Scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy uncovers a direct interfacial reaction between the molten aluminum (Al) and the D reinforcement, forming Al carbide at the Al–D interface. Moreover, Al composites processed under optimal energy density exhibit an enhanced Young's modulus. It is highlighted that optimizing LPBF processing parameters is crucial to achieve superior material properties in MMCs, while controlled matrix–reinforcement interactions offer the potential for tailored properties.
High‐Performance Bi‐Based Catalysts for CO₂ Reduction: In Situ Formation of Bi/Bi₂O₂CO₃ and Enhanced Formate Production
Authors: Li Ben , Chen Jiadong , Wang Lihua , Xia De , Mao Shanjun , Xi Lingling , Liu Huajie , Ying Sibin , Wang Yong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe unavoidable self‐reduction of Bismuth (Bi)‐based catalysts to zero‐valence Bi often results in detrimental adsorption of OCHO*, leading to unsatisfactory selectivity of HCOOH in the electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2). A novel Bi‐tannin (Bi‐TA) complex is developed, which undergoes in situ reconstruction into a Bi/Bi₂O₂CO₃ phase during CO2 reduction. This reconstructed catalyst exhibits high activity and selectivity, achieving a Faradaic Efficiency (FE) for formate production exceeding 90%, peaking at 96%. Operando spectroscopic and theoretical analyses reveal that the Biδ+ active site in Bi/Bi₂O₂CO₃ significantly enhances the formation of the OCHO* intermediate, crucial for formate production. The study offers a promising approach to overcoming the limitations of Bi‐based catalysts in CO2 reduction to formate.
Impact of climate change stressors—temperature, CO2, and UV‐B—on early growth and development of different cover crop species
Authors: Kharel Tulsi P. , Reddy K. Raja , Sehgal Akanksha , Kodadinne Nisarga , Bheemanahalli Raju , Bhandari Ammar B. , Reddy Krishna N. , Gao Wei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDifferent cover crop (CC) species may respond differently to the projected climate change scenarios. A study was carried out in a controlled environmental chamber to evaluate early season growth and development of five CC species: cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), and mustard (Brassica juncea). Treatments consisted of two levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) (420 and 720 ppm), ultraviolet‐B (UV‐B) radiation (0 and 10 kJ m−2 day−1), and temperatures (29/21°C and 19/11°C day/night), and their combinations. Root, shoot, and physiological parameters were recorded, and a combined stress response index (CSRI) was derived. Results indicated that higher CO2 (+CO2) had a net positive effect on all five CC species, with CSRI values ranging from 1.0 to 5.1. Conversely, higher UV‐B radiation (+UV) had a net negative impact, with CSRI values ranging from −2.9 to −7.6. The most favorable environment for all CC species was the combination of increased fall temperature and elevated CO2 (+T+ CO2). The negative impact of +UV was mitigated in an elevated CO2 and a high temperature environment, mimicking fall temperatures in the US Midsouth. Among the CC species, mustard was the most responsive, with a 151% increase in root and shoot combined dry weight under the +T+ CO2 treatment and an 86% decrease under the +UV treatment. Rye and triticale were the least impacted by the imposed climatic stressors. These results are of particular interest to the agricultural and environmental science community as they offer insights into developing and selecting CC species with adaptable and desirable morphological characteristics in anticipation of a changing climate.
Biodegradable Epoxy Thermosets Prepared by Mixing Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A and Epoxidized Soybean Oil and Their Electrical and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Park Jae‐Jun , Lee Sangmin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTo develop a biodegradable epoxy resin matrix for high‐voltage insulating composites, petroleum‐based diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy and epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) were mixed, and their biodegradability and electrical and mechanical properties were studied. DGEBA/ESBO epoxy mixtures were in the ratios of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50, respectively. In the soil burial test, as ESBO content increased, DGEBA/ESBO thermosets disintegrated into smaller pieces by 4–6 months, while the DGEBA thermoset without any ESBO preserved its geometry throughout the degradation study for 8 months. Crosslink density was studied by a solvent swelling method and the Flory–Rehner equation, and glass transition temperature, Tg, was measured by a differential scanning calorimetry, and it was found that crosslink density and Tg were highest in the DGEBA/ESBO (80/20) thermoset. All mechanical strengths and electrical insulation breakdown strengths were obtained in the DGEBA/ESBO (80/20) thermoset, which could be used as a biodegradable matrix for high‐voltage insulating composites.
A Synergistic Strategy for Cost‐Effectively Reducing Formaldehyde Emission of Urea‐Formaldehyde Resin via Glyoxal Copolymerization and Urea Post‐Addition
Authors: Zhao Jin , Wang Hang , Kan Yufei , Gao Zhenhua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlthough urea‐formaldehyde (UF) resin is extensively used in the wood industry for its cost‐effectiveness, good bonding performance, and technological applicability, reducing formaldehyde emission to levels comparable with non‐formaldehyde adhesives while maintaining cost efficiency remains a challenge. In this study, a novel glyoxal‐urea‐formaldehyde (GUF) resin adhesive with low formaldehyde emission (F**** grade), desired pre‐pressing performance, and good bonding properties was developed through the synergistic effect of the glyoxal copolymerization and the post‐adding urea as formaldehyde scavenger (FS). FTIR, NMR, XPS, DSC, and TGA analyses showed that the copolymerization formed substituted hydroxymethyl structures. The cross‐linking reaction between GUF resin and post‐added urea was enhanced, which reduced formaldehyde emission from GUF‐bonded plywood to 0.20 mg/L. This value is 33% lower than the 0.3 mg/L required for F**** grade plywood, according to JAS standards. The GUF‐bonded plywood maintained a warm water‐soaked wet strength of 0.74 MPa and a pre‐pressing strength of 0.82 MPa. The optimal conditions were 10% of glyoxal for copolymerization and 4.5 wt% of post‐added urea, which did not cause the cost increase of GUF resin. This synergistic strategy offers a cost‐effective approach to reduce formaldehyde emission from UF resin, demonstrating promising potential for broad application in the production of wood composites.
In‐Depth Study of the Synergistic Flame Retardant Mechanism of Montmorillonite and IFR/SBS Composites by Real‐Time Detection of Charcoal Layer Resistance
Authors: Zang Baichao , Huo Jiale , Chen Baoshu , Gao Xiping , Yao Dahu , Chen Jing , Lu Chang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe inability to observe the evolution of the char layer morphology during the combustion process hinders an in‐depth understanding of the synergistic flame‐retardant mechanism between montmorillonite and expandable flame retardants (IFR). In this study, a novel device for real‐time detection of char layer resistance was used to explore the synergistic flame retardant mechanisms of montmorillonite (MMT) and organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) in combination with IFR in a styrene‐butadiene‐styrene (SBS) matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis, IR spectroscopy, and x‐ray diffraction tests indicate that both MMT and OMMT can promote the generation of crosslinked structures in the char layer, improving the thermal stability of the char. Additionally, combining real‐time char layer resistance detection with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was found that OMMT enhances the expansion and continuity of the char layer, whereas MMT leads to the rupture of the char layer during the expansion process, which affects its flame retardant performance. This study shows that the synergistic effect of OMMT with IFR is superior to that of MMT, mainly because OMMT is better distributed in the SBS matrix, increasing the viscosity of the char layer, inhibiting gas escape, and promoting the expansion and continuity of the char layer.
H∞$$ {H}_{\infty } $$ fault‐tolerant intermittent load frequency control of multi‐area power systems under deception attacks
Authors: Su Hua‐Ran , Wang Zi‐Peng , Tian Meng‐Meng , Li Yue‐Yang , Zhao Dong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper introduces an
fault‐tolerant intermittent load frequency control (LFC) strategy for multi‐area power systems (PS) under disturbances, actuator failures, and deception attacks. Initially, in order to reduce the required cost and the impact caused by the actuator failures in the multi‐area PS under disturbances and deception attacks, a new
fault‐tolerant intermittent control scheme is proposed. Subsequently, by developing switching‐time‐dependent Lyapunov function, the exponential stability and
‐gain performance are guaranteed. Finally, the
fault‐tolerant intermittent LFC is proved effective by taking a three‐area PS under disturbances, actuator failures, and deception attacks as an example.