bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
О природе низкого сопротивления ударным нагрузкам 12% Cr сталей с низким содержанием азота
Authors: Ткачев Евгений Сергеевич , Долженко Анастасия Сергеевна , Федосеева Александра Эдуардовна 
Published: January 2023

12% Cr стали с низким содержанием азота выступают в качестве перспективных материалов изготовления лопаток паровых турбин тепловых электростанций. Было обнаружено, что сопротивление ударным нагрузкам таких сталей очень низкое, при комнатной температуре значение ударной вязкости не превышало 30 Дж см−2, что не отвечает требованиям, предъявляемым к материалам лопаток паровых турбин тепловых электростанций. Для определения природы такого низкого сопротивления ударным нагрузкам были проанализированы две 12% Cr стали с низким содержанием азота методами оптической металлографии, просвечивающей и растровой электронной микроскопий. Было выявлено, что в качестве источников, вызывающих хрупкое разрушение образцов, могут быть рассмотрены следующие структурные составляющие. Во-первых, крупные зерна дельта-феррита, границы которых декорированы крупными частицами, обогащенными хромом и вольфрамом. Во-вторых, крупные частицы W2B, обогащенные вольфрамом, равномерно распределенные по объему матрицы. В-третьих, карбиды М23С6 образуют непрерывные цепочки частиц вдоль границ мартенситных реек и действуют как хрупкие прослойки. Совместно эти элементы затрудняют распространение пластической деформации при ударных нагрузках.

БлагодарностиРабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке внутривузовского гранта НИУ «БелГУ» «Молодые лидеры в науке» в рамках проекта «Наука ХХI века» программы Приоритет-2030.
ERKEN VE GEÇ BAŞLANGIÇLI ALKOL BAĞIMLILIĞI TİPLERİNDE HAYATA KÜSME BOZUKLUĞU
Authors: TURAN Çetin , ÜNAL Süheyla 
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Erken çocukluk çağı travmaları ve haksızlığa maruz kalmaya ilişkin yaşam olaylarının erken ve geç başlangıçlı alkol bağımlılığında travma sonrası hayata küsme bozukluğunun gelişimi ile ilişkisini gözden geçirmekti.
Yöntem: Araştırmaya seçkisiz ardışık örneklemle 18-65 yaş aralığında 89 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalara sosyodemografik bilgi formu, Travma Sonrası Hayata Küsme Bozukluğu Ölçeği, Olayların Merkeziliği Ölçeği, Olayların Etkisi Ölçeği ve Temel İnanç Envanteri uygulandı.
Bulgular: Örneklemimizin Travma Sonrası Hayata Küsme Bozukluğu Ölçeğinde kesme puanı üstünde değer alan %79.5’lik grupta geç başlangıçlıların %87.1’i, erken başlangıçlıların %85.4’ü haksızlığa maruz kaldığını belirtti. Erken başlangıçlı alkol bağımlılığı grubunun hayata küsme bozukluğu ölçeği puanları anlamlı düzeyde yüksekti (p
Sherlock Holmes and the Adventure of Lucid Dreaming: The Place of Oneirogenesis in the Science of Deduction
Authors: Chatterjee Arup K. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
This article examines a much-underrated aspect in the Holmesian canon: dreams and the potential for dream-rehearsals by virtue of the brain’s “dream drugstore” faculty. Frequently described as “dreamy-eyed” or the “dreamer” of Baker Street, Holmes possesses powers of visiting scenes of crime “in spirit,” exhibiting powers of oneirogenesis. This unorthodox criminological strategy marks him as a critic of Western rationality, placing him in a genealogy dating back to Thomas De Quincey (who recorded vivid hallucinogenic dreams) and The Moonstone’s character Ezra Jennings (practically the first sleuth in Victorian English literature). In the Holmesian canon, (lucid) dreaming plays a subliminal role, which calls to question what this repressed unorthodoxy in Holmesian investigations implies for the detective’s preeminent science of deduction. Representations and adaptations that do not account for Holmesian oneirogenesis, are incomplete projections of the, ultimately and absolutely, human and oneirically harnessed faculties of the Victorian detective.
Práticas de ensino e aprendizagem online em Macau, Portugal e Brasil: na senda de um modelo pedagógico virtual global pós pandemia
Authors: Fernandes Marcos Adérito , Morgado Lina , Alexino Ferreira Ricardo 
Published: January 2023

A pandemia Covid-19 teve um profundo impacto nos processos pedagógicos das universidades de ensino presencial. O confinamento obrigatório da população universitária implicou a transposição do ensino presencial em sala para as aulas realizadas online, levando a um aumento considerável do uso de sistemas de videoconferência, estabelecendo novas (ou reforçando as existentes) comunidades de aprendizagem online. Estas práticas de aprendizagem online tendem a se manter após o fim da pandemia na medida em que proporcionem alternativas complementares de contacto, partilha e colaboração em rede, determinando formas não estruturadas de modelos pedagógicos híbridos de ensino a distância.
Neste artigo descrevemos práticas concretas de ensino online implementadas durante a pandemia em duas universidades de ensino presencial, a Universidade de São José em Macau; e a Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil, procedendo à sua análise crítica à luz da práxis de ensino a distância online em voga na Universidade Aberta, Portugal, uma universidade virtual de ensino a distância, tendo em vista a definição de um modelo pedagógico virtual de cariz geral que possa proporcionar princípios e linhas mestras para o planeamento, organização e implementação de oferta educativa de nível universitário administrável online para os tempos pós-pandémicos suportada nas evidências da pesquisa e tendências emergentes.
Jiří Ignác Linek (1725–1791). Pastorální minikantáty. Partitura a party
Authors: Ostrý Pavel 
Published: January 2023

The Pastoral mini-cantatas contain the notation of seven Christmas pastorales by the Czech cantor Jiří Ignác Link (1725–1791). The scores and parts of the compositions try to preserve the original form of the period manuscripts that served as a starting point for this publication. It was created with the aim of expanding the musically didactic repertoire based on the Czech musical tradition.
Implicaciones sociales de la irrupción del Big Data y la robótica: un análisis prospectivo en docentes hispanoamericanos
Authors: Rumiche Chávarry Rocío del Pilar , Matas Terrón Antonio , Ríos Ariza José Manuel , Chunga Chinguel Gerardo Raúl 
Published: January 2023

Big Data is one of the most socially disruptive technologies, along with artificial intelligence. Numerous studies have shown that, through the development and implementation of these tools in education, it is possible to achieve one of the "old aspirations", which is the personalisation of education. This exploratory study focuses on finding out, through an ad hoc questionnaire, the social vision of South American teachers, working at different educational levels, of some social and future aspects of Big Data, artificial intelligence and robots to see to what extent their opinion coincides with the advantages and problems expressed in scientific research on these topics. A non-probabilistic sample of 283 teachers was collected. The descriptive statistical analyses show that the majority of teachers think similarly to what is expressed in the research, and this will influence their decision-making and the explicit and hidden curriculum.
El Big Dataes una de las tecnologías socialmente más disruptiva junto a la inteligencia artificial. Numerosos estudios han permeado en el profesorado que, a través del desarrollo e implementación de estas herramientas en la educación, se puede ir logrando una de las “viejas aspiraciones” que es la personalización de la educación. Este estudio exploratorio se centra en conocer, a través de un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc, la visión social de docentes sudamericanos, que trabajan en distintos niveles educativos, de algunos aspectos sociales y de futuro del Big Data, inteligencia artificial y robots para ver en qué medida su opinión coinciden con las ventajas y problemáticas que se expresan en las investigaciones científicas sobre estos temas. Se recopiló una muestra no probabilística de 283 docentes. Los análisis estadísticos descriptivos evidencian que la mayoría del profesorado piensa de forma similar a lo expresado en las investigaciones, y ello influirá en sus tomas de decisiones y en el currículum explícito y oculto.
Análisis de la autopercepción de la competencia digital docente en la formación inicial de maestros y maestras
Authors: Marimon-Martí Marta , Romeu Teresa , Usart Mireia , Ojando Elena Sofía 
Published: January 2023

The current educational context demands digital competence from teachers as one of the key factors to guide the process of teaching and learning in a digital society. It thus becomes necessary to identify first-year university students’ competence, in order to design training that allows its development, not only at an instrumental level, but, above all, with a marked methodological character. The main aim of this research is to analyze and compare in terms of gender and degree, the perception that first-year students of Education in Catalonia and Andorra have about their level of teacher digital competence (TDC), as a means for a formative assessment method that allows future teachers to reflect on the development of this competence. A descriptive and comparative analysis with a quantitative, non-experimental and transectional approach and a post-hoc design was carried out, in which 1558 first-year students of the Bachelor’s degrees in Education from the Catalan and Andorran universities answered to a questionnaire during the 2020-21 academic year. The findings show that, in general, participants show a high self-perception of their teacher digital competence, assessing themselves more competent in ethical aspects, communication and use of digital resources and applications, while they feel less capable in aspects related to pedagogical design, evaluation and the use of digital technologies for learning.
El contexto educativo actual configura una nueva competencia digital de los docentes como factor clave para dar respuesta a las formas de enseñar y de aprender en un mundo cada vez más digital. Se hace necesario identificar los conocimientos de los estudiantes de recién ingreso a la universidad, con el fin de diseñar una formación que permita el desarrollo de esta competencia, no sólo a nivel instrumental, sino, sobre todo, con un marcado carácter metodológico. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la percepción que tienen los estudiantes de primer curso de los grados de Educación de Cataluña y Andorra sobre su nivel de competencia digital docente, y estudiar posibles diferencias por género y titulación, como parte del proceso de diagnóstico y autoevaluación formativa de futuros maestros. Se realizó un estudio de corte cuantitativo, no-experimental y transeccional de diseño post-hoc y análisis descriptivo y comparativo, en el que participaron 1558 estudiantes de primer curso de los Grados en Educación de las universidades catalanas y andorrana del curso 2020-21, que respondieron a un cuestionario de autopercepción. Los resultados señalan que globalmente los estudiantes tienen una autopercepción alta de su competencia digital docente, valorándose más competentes en aspectos éticos, de comunicación y de uso de recursos y aplicaciones, y menos capacitados en aspectos vinculados con el diseño pedagógico, la evaluación y el uso de las tecnologías digitales para el aprendizaje.
reto de la Educación en Emprendimiento en la Universidad: percepciones del estudiantado de Educación
Authors: Peña Hita Mª Ángeles , Pegalajar Palomino María del Carmen , Montes Merino Ana Mª 
Published: January 2023

Entrepreneurship education is a reality in higher education institutions, although it does not reach all students in the same way. Students of Education Degrees do not generally consider this option as a career option at the end of their university education. This paper analyzes the perceptions of these students on the entrepreneurial phenomenon, as well as their job expectations after their university studies. This is a quantitative, descriptive-correlational research, based on the survey technique using questionnaire (n=886). The results obtained indicate that these students have a good concept of entrepreneurs, although the data confirm that entrepreneurship and self-employment are not considered by the group analyzed a major option for accessing the labor market. However, there is an increase in the possibilities of entrepreneurship among students in their final years, who are close to entering the labor market. The limited professional expectations of this group stand out, centered mainly on joining public educational centers through a competitive examination. This reinforces the need to continue working on the entrepreneurial phenomenon in these students, since the efforts made by universities do not reach all students equally.
La educación en emprendimiento es una realidad en los centros de Educación Superior, aunque no llega del mismo modo a todo el alumnado. Los estudiantes de los Grados en Educación no contemplan, de forma general, esta opción como salida profesional al finalizar su formación universitaria. El presente trabajo analiza las percepciones de estos estudiantes sobre el fenómeno emprendedor, así como sus expectativas laborales tras su paso por las aulas universitarias. Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa, de carácter descriptiva-correlacional, basada en la técnica de la encuesta a través de un cuestionario (n=886). Los resultados obtenidos indican que este alumnado posee un buen concepto sobre los emprendedores, aunque los datos confirman que el emprendimiento y el autoempleo no se contemplan por el colectivo analizado como una opción mayoritaria de acceso al mercado laboral. No obstante, se observa un aumento en las posibilidades de emprendimiento en estudiantes de los últimos cursos, que tienen cercana su salida al mercado laboral. Destacan las limitadas expectativas profesionales de este colectivo, centrada mayoritariamente en la incorporación a los centros educativos públicos mediante un concurso-oposición. Esto afianza la necesidad de seguir trabajando el fenómeno emprendedor en estos estudiantes, pues los esfuerzos llevados a cabo por las universidades no llegan por igual a todo el alumnado.
Potato bacterial wilt in Ethiopia: history, current status, and future perspectives
Authors: Tessema Gebrehanna Lemma , Seid Hussen Ebrahim 
Published: January 2023

Background
Potato is an essential food staple and a critical tuber crop for rural livelihoods in Ethiopia, where many pathogenic pests are threatening production. Bacterial wilt, also known as brown rot of potato, ranks among the diseases that most affect many potato farmers in Ethiopia and the disease losses dramatically threatening the vibrant potato sector even in the highlands of the country where it has been uncommon so far.

Methodology
To devise a strategy towards boosting potato productivity in Ethiopia where food insecurity is most prevalent, production constraints should be investigated and properly addressed. Hence, we have used existing reviews and reports on the subjects, such as textbooks, and proceeding and conference abstracts in Plant Protection Society of Ethiopia; Web of Science; Google Scholar; Research Gate and CIP’s database to document most relevant information on the occurrence, distribution, and disease management of bacterial wilt in Ethiopia.

Results
Provision of comprehensive information on potato bacterial wilt occurrence, distribution, and management techniques are crucial for potato growers, researchers and stakeholders engaged on potato industry. In this review, we provided insights on the history, status, and future perspectives of potato bacterial wilt in Ethiopia.

Conclusions
Awareness of potato bacterial wilt and integrated disease management approaches could bring a fundamental impact to the farming community mostly to smallholder farmers in developing countries. This document compiled such imperative information targeting bacterial wilt management techniques to ensure food security.
Analysing the SPAD dynamics of water-stressed vs. well-watered sesame (Sesamum indicumL.) accessions and establishing their relationship with seed yield
Authors: Pallavolu Lora Anusha , Pasala Ratnakumar , Kulasekaran Ramesh , Pandey Brij Bihari , Virupaksham Umamahesh , Perika Sandhyarani 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe chlorophyll content is susceptible to deficit moisture stress and may affect the plant yield. Leaf chlorophyll content is directly related to tolerance and higher productivity under deficit moisture stress (WS). The SPAD meter is an excellent tool for rapid analysis of crop chlorophyll content. Therefore, establishing a relationship between leaf chlorophyll content and seed yield is crucial in sesame, particularly under deficit moisture stress.MethodsSeeds of 37 sesame genotypes with checks were used in this study. These genotypes were mostly landraces, adapted to different agro-ecological zones in India. The selected genotypes were evaluated under well water (WW) and deficit moisture stress (WS) conditions. The SPAD readings were recorded ten (10) times each at every seven days intervals from the juvenile/first bud (30–35 days after sowing) to ripening/ physiological maturity (95–100 days after sowing) stage. This study aimed to identify the association between leaf SPAD readings (recorded at 7-days interval) and seed yield of sesame genotypes.ResultsThe analysis of variance revealed the presence of significant variation in SPAD readings due to treatment (WW and WS), genotypes, and their interaction effects. The SPAD readings at all stages were positively correlated with seed yield in both WW and WS. High values of correlation coefficients were observed at 52 (r: 0.672) and 59 (r: 0.655) DAS under WS; whereas at 59 (r: 0.960), 66 (r: 0.972) and 73 (r: 0.974) DAS under WW at one percent significance level (p < 0.01), which coincided with the mid-bloom stage of the sesame crop. The best-fit multiple regression model revealed that the dependence of sesame seed yield is significantly influenced by SPAD reading at 52 DAS under WS and 59 to 73 DAS under WW. Both these models provide a good fit with the chi-squared test, which compares the predicted and observed yield.
Prevalence and risk factors of COVID-19-related generalized anxiety disorder among the general public in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xia Yi , Wang Qi , Shi Lushaobo , Shi Zengping , Chang Jinghui , Xu Richard , Miao Huazhang , Wang Dong 
Published: January 2023

Objective
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and identify its associated factors.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population in China from March 16 to April 2, 2020. The participants were recruited using stratified random sampling. Data on demographic characteristics and COVID-19 related factors were obtained using self-administered questionnaires. The anxiety score was measured based on the Chinese version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale (GAD-7).

Results
The study comprised 10,824 participants, of which 37.69% had symptoms of anxiety. The risk factors for anxiety symptoms included poor self-reported health (OR = 1.672, p < 0.001), chronic diseases (OR = 1.389, p < 0.001), and quarantine (OR = 1.365, p < 0.001), while participants’ perceptions that COVID-19 would be controlled was a protective factor (OR = 0.774, p < 0.001). The interactions between quarantine and self-reported health (p < 0.001), as well as between perceptions of COVID-19 and self-reported health (p < 0.001) were found to have a significant effect on GAD-7 scores.

Conclusions
Self-reported health status, chronic diseases, quarantine, and perceptions of COVID-19 were significantly associated with GAD-7 scores, indicating that mental health interventions are urgently needed during pandemics, especially for high-risk groups.
Acteoside alleviates UUO-induced inflammation and fibrosis by regulating the HMGN1/TLR4/TREM1 signaling pathway
Authors: Mao Yan , Yu Jiali , Da Jingjing , Yu Fuxun , Zha Yan 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Acteoside (Act), a phenylethanoid compound that was first isolated from mullein, has been widely used for the investigation of anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effect. However, the mechanism of Act against unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-mediated renal injury is largely unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of Act on UUO rats and possible mechanisms.

Methods
A total of 20 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided randomly into three groups (n ≥ 6): (i) sham-operated group (Sham); (ii) UUO group (UUO+Saline); and (iii) UUO + Act 40 mg/kg/day, (UUO+Act); Continuous gavage administration for 2 weeks postoperatively, while the rats in Sham and UUO+saline groups were given equal amounts of saline. All rats were sacrificed after 14 days, the urine and blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis, the renal tissues were collected for pathological staining and immunohistochemistry. Correlations between individual proteins were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.

Results
The results of renal function indexes and histopathological staining showed that Act could improve renal function by reducing serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and urine protein at the same time, Act could alleviate renal inflammation and fibrosis. In addition, the results of immunohistochemistry showed that Act could reduce the expression of inflammation and kidney injury-related proteins F4/80, Mcp-1, KIM-1 proteins, as well as the expression of fibrosis-related protein α-SMA and β-catenin. More importantly, Act can also reduce the expression of HMGN1, TLR4 and TREM-1 proteins.

Conclusion
These data demonstrate that Act can ameliorate UUO-induced renal inflammation and fibrosis in rats probably through triggering HMGN1/TLR4/TREM-1 pathway.