bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated analysis of single‐cell sequencing and weighted co‐expression network identifies a novel signature based on cellular senescence‐related genes to predict prognosis in glioblastoma
Authors: Bao Qingquan , Yu Xuebin , Qi Xuchen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive cancer with heavy mortality rates and poor prognosis. Cellular senescence exerts a pivotal influence on the development and progression of various cancers. However, the underlying effect of cellular senescence on the outcomes of patients with GBM remains to be elucidated.MethodsTranscriptome RNA sequencing data with clinical information and single‐cell sequencing data of GBM cases were obtained from CGGA, TCGA, and GEO (GSE84465) databases respectively. Single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) analysis was utilized to calculate the cellular senescence score. WGCNA analysis was employed to ascertain the key gene modules and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the cellular senescence score in GBM. The prognostic senescence‐related risk model was developed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses. The immune infiltration level was calculated by microenvironment cell populations counter (MCPcounter), ssGSEA, and xCell algorithms. Potential anti‐cancer small molecular compounds of GBM were estimated by “oncoPredict” R package.ResultsA total of 150 DEGs were selected from the pink module through WGCNA analysis. The risk‐scoring model was constructed based on 5 cell senescence‐associated genes (CCDC151, DRC1, C2orf73, CCDC13, and WDR63). Patients in low‐risk group had a better prognostic value compared to those in high‐risk group. The nomogram exhibited excellent predictive performance in assessing the survival outcomes of patients with GBM. Top 30 potential anti‐cancer small molecular compounds with higher drug sensitivity scores were predicted.ConclusionCellular senescence‐related genes and clusters in GBM have the potential to provide valuable insights in prognosis and guide clinical decisions.
Coordinating single‐cell and bulk RNA‐seq in deciphering the intratumoral immune landscape and prognostic stratification of prostate cancer patients
Authors: Sun Zhou , Wang Jie , Zhang Qiang , Meng Xiangdi , Ma Zhaosen , Niu Jiqiang , Guo Rui , Tran Lisa Jia , Zhang Jing , Liu Yunfei , Ye Fangdie , Ma Baoluo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionProstate cancer is a common cancer among male population. The aberrant expression of histone modifiers has been identified as a potential driving force in numerous cancer types. However, the mechanism of histone modifiers in the development of prostate cancer remains unknown.MethodsExpression profiles and clinical data were obtained from GSE70769, GSE46602, and GSE67980. Seruat R package was utilized to calculate the gene set enrichment of the histone modification pathway and obtain the Histone score. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression analyses were employed to identify marker genes with prognostic value. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of the prognostic model. In addition, microenvironment cell populations counter (MCPcounter), single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and xCell algorithms were employed for immune infiltration analysis. Drug sensitivity prediction was performed using oncoPredict R package.ResultsWe screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Histone‐high score (Histone‐H) and Histone‐low score (Histone‐L) groups, which were enriched in RNA splicing and DNA‐binding transcription factor binding pathways. We retained four prognostic marker genes, including TACC3, YWHAH, TAF1C and TTLL5. The risk model showed significant efficacy in stratification of the prognosis of prostate cancer patients in both internal and external cohorts (p < .0001 and p = .032, respectively). In addition, prognostic gene YWHAH was infiltrated in abundance of fibroblasts and highly correlated with Entinostat_1593 drug sensitivity score and the value of risk score.ConclusionWe innovatively developed a histone modification‐related prognostic model with high prognostic potency and identified YWHAH as possible diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for prostate cancer. It provides novel insights to address prostate cancer and enhance clinical outcomes, thereby opening up a new avenue for customized treatment alternatives.
A global survey of health care workers' awareness of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: The AwareNASH survey
Authors: Driessen Stan , de Jong Vivian D. , van Son Koen C. , Klompenhouwer Tatiana , Colardelle Yann , Alings Marco , Moreno Cristophe , Anker Stefan D. , Castro Cabezas Manuel , Holleboom Adriaan G. , Grobbee Diederick E. , Tushuizen Maarten E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe estimated global prevalence and burden of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its advanced stage, non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is increasing. Yet, NAFLD remains largely underdiagnosed. In addition to hepatic morbidity and mortality, NAFLD is associated with increased cardiovascular complications, warranting a multidisciplinary approach. Despite its rapidly increasing prevalence, knowledge of NAFLD among healthcare workers is limited, especially with specialists outside the field of hepatology and gastroenterology.ObjectivesTo investigate knowledge, practice and opinions/attitudes of healthcare workers towards diagnosis and management of NAFLD/NASH.MethodsThe survey was designed in collaboration with a multidisciplinary scientific committee established especially for this study. The survey was disseminated to healthcare workers from seven different disciplines through four collaborating societies, social media and at a cardiology‐themed conference from February to June 2022. Median and interquartile range were mentioned for numeric responses and proportions for categorical responses or responses on a Likert scale. Likert scale responses were treated as ordinal data and analysed with the appropriate tests.ResultsThe full dataset included 613 respondents from 88 different countries (including 488 physicians). 64% of the surveyed physicians underestimated the prevalence of NAFLD. General practitioners and cardiologists underestimated the prevalence most often (74% and 77%, respectively). Compared to the other disciplines, cardiologists were least familiar with the symptoms and diagnostic criteria and felt least confident in diagnosing and managing NAFLD. Overall, 65% of physicians reported regularly using evidence‐based guidelines for managing NAFLD, yet 72% reported challenges in providing lifestyle recommendations. A lack of awareness was the most common reported reason for the lack of screening for NAFLD (68% respectively).ConclusionsDespite the growing burden of NAFLD, there is a significant gap in awareness, knowledge, and management among physicians treating patients with cardiometabolic comorbidities, particularly cardiologists. Hepatologists and gastroenterologists could play a role in educating their fellow physicians.
Feasibility study on a full‐scale wind turbine blade monitoring campaign: Comparing performance and robustness of features extracted from medium‐frequency active vibrations
Authors: Fremmelev M. A. , Ladpli P. , Orlowitz E. , Dervilis N. , McGugan M. , Branner K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present work investigates the performance of different features, extracted from vibration‐based data, for structural health monitoring of a 52‐meter wind turbine blade during fatigue testing. An active vibration monitoring system was used during the test campaign, providing periodic excitation of single frequencies in the medium‐frequency range, and using accelerometers to measure the vibration output on different parts of the blade. Based on previous work from the authors, data is available for the wind turbine blade in healthy state, with a manually induced damage, and with progressively increasing damage severity. Using the vibration data, different signal processing methods are used to extract damage‐sensitive features. Time series methods and time‐frequency domain methods are used to quantify the applied active vibration signal. Using outlier analysis, the health state of the blade is classified, and the classification accuracy through use of the different features is compared. Highest performance is generally obtained by auto‐regressive modeling of the vibration outputs, using the auto‐regressive parameters as features. Finally, suggestions for future improvements of the present method toward practical implementation are given.
The past, current, and future of the Africa Green Revolution: The case study of Kenya, Morocco, and Nigeria
Authors: Elhassnaoui Ismail , Shehata Wahba Mohamed A. , Wolde Sinafekesh Girma , Mohamed Ben‐Daoud , Moumen Aniss 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe “Green Revolution in Africa” is an agricultural revolution aiming to ensure food security in Africa. However, dissemination of existing knowledge about the “Green Revolution” is poor. The objective of this study is to investigate the existing knowledge on the “Green Revolution in Africa.” A systematic literature review (SLR) is performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA). The SLR method has identified 149 articles and the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) reports on Africa's Green Revolution. Qualitative studies used four main databases, that is, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and Springer Link. The authors developed three main themes to structure this study: the historic background of the Green Revolution, the status of agricultural development in Africa, and the results of Africa's Green Revolution policy, as well as alternative ways to achieve the Green Revolution in Africa and Sustainable Development Goals under climate change and global crises. The study found that the Green Revolution is far from reaching its initial targets as there is increasing hunger and poor crop productivity. Some studies proposed agro ecology, green technology innovation and smart farming, efficient irrigation, drainage and water management, and adaptation to climate change. For water stressed regions, other policies and strategies should be adopted such as rainfall harvesting, use of nonconventional waters and nonconventional crops and use of less water consuming crops. These are possible approaches to achieve Africa's Green Revolution in a rapidly changing climate and global crises.
Investigating the Utilisation of Waste Sand from Sand Casting Processes for Concrete Products for Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Faraj Sirwan , Al-Habaibeh Amin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConcrete is one of the fundamental materials in the construction industry. Typically, concrete is composed of sand, cement, aggregate, and added water to the cement ratio. To enhance sustainability and reduce the negative effect on the environment from industrial waste, recycling waste material into the concrete mixture is becoming an area of research by substituting some of the concrete ingredients with some of the recycled waste material in order to reduce the amount of fine natural aggregate used in the construction industry, maximise the strength and minimise the overall weight of the concrete product. Waste foundry sand is a by-product of sand casting, a waste product of the metal casting industry. The improper disposal of this waste foundry sand (WFS) could cause environmental issues. Consequently, its possible use in building materials, product design, construction, and other fields is crucial for mitigating environmental limitations. To minimise negative environmental impacts, researchers have proposed reusing this waste foundry sand by replacing, fully or partially, some of the standard natural sand within the concrete mixture. This paper investigates the mechanical and physical properties of concrete cubes containing recycled sand-casting material by demonstrating the experimental work to determine the potential benefit or limitations of using this material within the concrete in the construction and product design industries. According to the experimental results, waste foundry sand, with a substitution ratio of up to 30%, had a compression strength of circa 23 N/mm2 and reached up to 78% of the strength of a standard control sample within 7 days. The results hence suggest that waste foundry sand can be used in the production of concrete products when such reduction in strength is not critical. Such a range of products could include curbs, garden slabs, cycling pavements, gravel boards, etc. Additionally, utilising waste foundry sand will help to reduce the use of natural sand and the need for landfill sites, which has several advantages, including cost savings and environmental protection by reducing CO2 emissions during transportation.
Quantitative Assessment of Damage in Composites by Implementing Acousto-ultrasonics Technique
Authors: Prasad Kumar Shantanu , Jombo Gbanaibolou , Ismail Sikiru O. , Chen Yong K. , Dhakal Hom N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study focused on quantitative damage severity assessment in composite materials using Acousto-Ultrasonics (AU), an in-service and active non-destructive inspection technique in which Lamb waves are communicated through a damaged zone. This was done by activating a signal onto the composite material surface and acquiring the received waves after their interactions with the damage. It relied on early research that presented a series of stress wave factors (SWFs) derived from the frequency-domain of the AU data, as quantitative identifiers of the received signal. Although, the SWFs have previously been proven to determine the understanding of the spatial arrangements of the impact damage, the degree or severity of the damage inside the impact damage area has not been assessed. Therefore, the current research was a step in the right way toward that aim. AU waves were generated via a laminate with increasing concentrations of ply faults, across longitudinal length. The stress wave factors were first examined for an undamaged composite, and the SWFs were then connected with the fault concentration. The significance of the found linkages and the possible futures of quantitative assessment of the degree of damage by such relationships were examined. The stress wave factors showed clear and consistent patterns, as the fault concentration increased. With a rise in fault density, an element measuring the energy content of the waves significantly changed with R-sq(adj) = 91.33% and almost linearly, and provided a robust measurable trend, while other parameter exhibited lesser shifts with R-sq(adj) = 51.86%. The result obtained from the presented work provided a base to cost-effective and in-service measure to early detection of catastrophic failures in composite structures, including the wind turbine blades for renewable and sustainable energy generation.
Design and Prototype an Educational Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Model
Authors: Rahman M. R. , Hosseini F. S. , Taleghani P. , Ghassemi M. , Chizari M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProton-exchange membrane (PEM) cells fuel cells are being used as highly efficient and zero-emission power units to produce electricity from a renewable source. The purpose of the current study is to present the design of a simple PEM type fuel cell model that can be used in an educational environment. The study has illustrated possibility of the design through a product design specification (PDS) process. Three different designs were studied and ranked based on design parameters such as cost, environmental safety, size and weight, educational application etc. Then the highest score design was selected. The selected design then improved by utilizing a 3D computer modelling to come up with the final design. The developed design was then manufactured in house and assembled to form a full functional prototype. The model then was tested, and outcome was compared against existing fuel cell models. Test results show that the prototype can produce reasonable amount of electricity. However, the efficiency of the higher heating value and lower heating value of hydrogen was about 15% less compared to the existing fuel cell model. Furthermore, there are some concerns about the controlling combustible and flammable gas which need to be consumed immediately inside the system instead of storing the gas. The project is under development to be safe enough for any educational environment.
Energy Demand Reduction in Data Centres Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Sethuramalingam R. , Asthana Abhishek , Xygkaki S. , Liu K. , Eduardo J. , Wilson S. , Bater C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA data centre is a facility where it hosts the server systems, computer systems, and its associated components such as cooling units, redundancy power supplies and power storage systems. Data centres are a very energy-demanding sector. Data Centre Dynamics magazine forecasts that by 2025, Data Centres will consume more than 2% of the global electricity supply. Due to this forecast, it is become vital to reduce the energy consumption in the data centre industry. On average, data centres use 30–50% of their total energy supply on mechanical cooling to cool their IT equipment. However, many of them still have difficulties with high-temperature regions such as hot spots in the server data hall which contributes to server downtime. Along with this, the power densities of the data centres are on the rise as the telecommunication industry at exponential growth over the years. This inefficiency in the temperature distribution can be resolved through advanced computational fluid dynamics software. It also becomes essential to expand the use of CFD (computational fluid dynamics) into key sections of Data Centre design, to reduce thermal inefficiencies. It is necessary to identify the potential issues at the initial stages to deliver efficient solutions which will work at a low Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE), to future-proof data centre facilities. This paper outlines the importance of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis in the data centre design. The mock-up data centre internal and external models are analysed in 6Sigma Software. The various parameters were investigated to optimise the energy performance of the infrastructure. The results also provided the analysis of the data hall with detailed rack inlet and 3D modelling of the data hall, external simulations with chillers and generators inlet temperatures highlighting trouble areas. Additional to this, Water cooled, and Air-cooled chiller performance comparison also studied and concluded that Water cooled chiller performance well than Air cooled chiller. Having the data hall air supply temperature 27 °C than 24 °C, has improved the energy efficiency in the data centre. The model developed in this study can be used as a benchmark study for the present and future thermal optimization of data centres.
Thermal Optimisation Model for Cooling Channel Design Using the Adjoint Method in 3D Printed Aluminium Die-Casting Tools
Authors: Zeng Tongyan , Abo-Serie Essam F. , Henry Manus , Jewkes James 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the present study, the adjoint method is introduced to the optimisation of the corner cooling element in two baseline cooling designs for a mould cavity, as examples of the Aluminium metal die-casting process. First, a steady thermal model simulating the Aluminium die-casting process is introduced for the two-corner cooling design scenario. This steady model serves as the first iteration of the optimised model using the adjoint method. A dual-parameter objective function targets the interfacial temperature standard deviation and pressure drop across the internal cooling region. For both design cases, multi-iterative deformation cycles of the corner cooling configurations result in optimised designs with non-uniform cross-section geometries and smooth surface finishing. Numerical simulations of the resulting designs show improvements in uniform cooling across the mould/cast interfacial contact surface by 66.13% and 92.65%, while the optimised pressure drop increases coolant fluid flow by 25.81% and 20.35% respectively. This technique has been applied to optimise the complex cooling system for an industrial high-pressure aluminium die-casting (HPADC) tool (Zeng et al. in SAE Technical Paper 2022-01-0246, 2022, [1]). Production line experience demonstrates that the optimised designs have three times the operational life compared to conventional mould designs, providing a significant reduction in manufacturing and operation costs.
Learning from the Past for a Sustainable Future: Environmental Monitoring and 3D Modelling to Assess the Thermal Performance of Heritage Buildings
Authors: Antón D. , Al-Habaibeh Amin , Queiroz T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere are numerous lessons to be learned from historic buildings, such as the rich diversity of their traditional architecture, the use of natural and local materials, their durability and resilience, or because they allow for thermal comfort in severe climatic and weather conditions. Today, many of these heritage buildings are still standing and in use, but their shape may have changed significantly from when they were built. In this sense, to accurately analyse historic buildings, 3D models that approximate their geometry (as-is/as-built models) must be produced. Based on terrestrial laser scanning 3D point clouds, as-is 3D modelling can represent the geometrical alterations of the assets to enable diverse analyses and simulations. This work addresses Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem building, claimed to be the oldest inn in England, UK (1189 AD). Hence, this historic building presents numerous deformations such as warped and tilted walls, recess in walls, non-planar ceilings, and an irregular arrangement of bent ceiling beams. This Grade II listed building is located near Nottingham Castle, beneath Castle Rock, the natural promontory on which the castle is situated. A part of the inn is inside rock-hewn caves under Castle Rock, making it a unique landmark with special indoor thermal conditions. Due to the complex geometry of the building, laser scanning-based 3D modelling is found essential to communicate the building’s features to help understand its thermal behaviour. This paper aims to investigate how Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem building is capable of regulating indoor temperature and humidity in different locations, for which the as-is 3D modelling and environmental monitoring of this historic building are discussed. Based on the findings, the lessons learnt from studying old buildings could be utilised to enhance the sustainability of modern buildings.