bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Reasons for Dropouts of Injectable Contraceptive in Burdwan Municipal area, West Bengal, India: Beneficiaries’ and Service Providers’ Perspectives
Authors: Hossain Arif , Goswami Pramit , Mitra Kaushik , Taraphdar Pranita , Sannigrahi Suman , Dandapat Soumik 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
The inclusion of the Injectable Contraceptive, Antara Programme into family planning services signals a shift in the nation’s perspective and helps recipients achieve their goals for reproductive health. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), marketed as Antara injection is considered a highly effective, long-acting reversible contraceptive, but it has limited acceptability. Hence the study was done to explore the reasons for dropouts of injection Antara from the perspective of beneficiaries and service providers in Antara clinics of Burdwan Municipal area of Purba-Bardhaman district, West-Bengal.

Methodology:
A descriptive type of qualitative research was conducted from February to July 2023 through in-depth interviews (IDIs) of 40 beneficiaries and focus group discussion (FGD) among 10 ANMs-Auxiliary Nurse Midwives. Data collection was done by audio recording of each IDI, FGD, and as well as by taking notes after achieving consent. Finally, inductive thematic analysis was carried out.

Results:
The reasons for dropouts of Antara injections among beneficiaries were found to be side effects (irregular bleeding, abdominal pain), lack of awareness, and familial barriers. Additionally, the significant challenge of recalling and visiting the clinic again for repeated injections was also recognized as a hindrance to sustained usage. Service providers cited stockouts, procurement issues, and lack of training and counseling as reasons for discontinuation. Both beneficiaries and service providers cited sociocultural factors, and lack of knowledge as a barrier to consistent use of Antara injections.

Conclusions:
The current study has shed some insight into the factors for the dropouts of Antara as a method of family planning. The study’s findings are anticipated to be applied in formulating regulations that will increase compliance with Antara and make the program more acceptable and consumer-friendly.
Triptolide exhibits dual anti-tumor effects through inhibiting autophagy and extracellular matrix activation in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Gu Jianxiang , Shi Zhao , Zhou Siqi , Zhou Quan , Nie Shuang , Li Hongzhen , Shen Shanshan , Zou Xiaoping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer, characterized by abundant desmoplastic stroma, has been implicated in the failure of chemotherapy. Therefore, developing therapeutic strategies targeting tumor and stromal cells is essential. Triptolide, a natural compound derived from the plant Tripterygium wilfordii, has shown antitumor activity in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. However, its effects on pancreatic cancer cells and the microenvironment remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of triptolide on tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer.

Methods:
Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays were performed to determine the effect of triptolide on tumor cells. Additionally, co-culture assays were performed to explore the effects of the compound on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in vitro. Orthotopic xenograft and subcutaneous tumor models were used to explore the antitumor and antistromal activation effects of triptolide in vivo. RNA sequencing was performed to identify the pathways involved in these processes in pancreatic cancer cells.

Results:
Triptolide inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and attenuated stromal activation in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it suppressed autophagy and induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells by inhibiting the secretion of CXCL1. Extracellular matrix formation in CAFs was disrupted by suppressing the paracrine secretion of TGF-β from tumor cells.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that triptolide plays a dual antitumor role against tumor cells and CAFs, thus providing new insights into treating pancreatic cancer in the future.
Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte subtypes and microorganisms in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Shi Yating , Guo Zhi , Wang Qiang , Deng Huan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and serve as prognostic markers for breast cancer. Patients with high TIL infiltration generally experience better clinical outcomes and extended survival compared to those with low TIL infiltration. However, as the TME is highly complex and TIL subtypes perform distinct biological functions, TILs may only provide an approximate indication of tumor immune status, potentially leading to biased prognostic results. Therefore, we reviewed the interactions between immune-infiltrating subtypes and tumor cells throughout the entire TME. By examining the antitumor or protumor effects of each TIL subtype, we aimed to better characterize the tumor immune landscape, offering more accurate and comprehensive insights for guiding triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment. In addition, this approach could lead to the development of new therapeutic targets, enabling tailored treatment strategies and precision medicine. Accumulating evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiome and its metabolites influence antitumor responses by modulating innate and adaptive immunity, with specific bacteria potentially serving as biomarkers for predicting clinical responses. Various studies have identified microorganisms in breast tissue, previously considered sterile, revealing differences in breast microbial composition between patients with breast cancer and controls, as well as associations between specific breast microorganisms and clinicopathologic features, including immune correlations. The aim of this review was to provide a more comprehensive set of prognostic markers for TNBC and to tap into potential-specific therapeutic targets.
Assessment of Variations in Mandibular Cortical Bone Thickness with Its Density and Their Correlation with Age and Gender – A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study
Authors: Musaina T. K. Zubaida , Shetty Prathima , Shenoy Prashanth , Chathra Lakshmikanth , Veena K. M. , Prabhu Rachana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by a decreased bone density and increased risk of fractures. It often develops silently, with individuals unaware of its presence until a fracture occurs. Insights into age-related changes and gender can aid in early diagnosis and management of bone loss conditions, like osteoporosis and other bone-related conditions.

Objective:
To assess the cortical bone thickness and density of the mandible using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), to compare the cortical bone thickness and density in different gender groups, and to compare the cortical bone thickness and density in different age groups.

Methodology:
A retrospective study was done in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology from the archives based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study included 162 patients (81 males and 81 females). Each gender group was divided into three sub-groups based on the age. CBCT scans were obtained, and evaluation of the cortical bone for its density and thickness was performed at three points. Three points were marked at the equidistance of 10 mm starting from the mental foramen posteriorly: P1, at the level of mental foramen; P2, 10 mm distance from P1; and P3, 10 mm distance from P2. In the cross section in each level, buccal, lingual, and inferior measurements of mandibular cortical bone thickness and density were done at the level of the inferior alveolar canal at these three points. Collected data were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:
Cortical bone thickness showed greater values in male patients compared to female patients. Mandibular cortical thickness and density values were significantly higher in the first age group (20–40 years) than in the older age group (>60 years). P <0.05 and was statistically significant.

Conclusion:
The results of this study show that there is alteration in mandibular cortical bone thickness and density with different ages and gender groups.
Unicystic Ameloblastoma: Treatment Outcomes and Risk of Recurrence – A 19-Year Institution-Based Study
Authors: Sinduja Palati , Ramani Pratibha 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and Aim:
Unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) is a variant of ameloblastoma; although benign, it is believed to be a destructive tumor, is locally invasive, and presents a high rate of recurrence. The study aims to analyze the prevalence, features, treatment outcomes, and the relationship between the clinicopathological features and the recurrence of UA in 19-year follow-up data.

Materials and Methods:
The clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed records of cases of UA from 2006 to 2024 (19 years) were retrieved from the archives. The patient’s age, gender, location, radiographic appearance, preoperative diagnosis, treatment recurrence, and follow-up data were obtained from the case summaries.

Results:
Thirty-seven cases were reviewed, and the prevalence of UA was most commonly seen in the younger age group; all the individuals included in this study showed the involvement of the mandible. Type 3 showed more frequency of recurrence compared with the other types. Age, sex, and histological type of UA were identified as risk factors for a higher recurrence rate (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The study found a significant link between UA recurrence risk and its histological subtype. Conservative management via enucleation and curettage, coupled with strict follow-up, is recommended due to observed delayed recurrence patterns.
Exploring Plumbago Zeylanica Linn’s Anticancer Potential: In Vitro Phytochemical Analysis
Authors: Taneja Neeraj , Alam Aftab , Patnaik Ranjana , Taneja Tannu , Kaur Awaneet , Dhoundiyal Shivang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:

Plumbago zeylanicum, commonly known as `Chitramula’ and `Chitrak’ and belonging to the family Plumbaginaceae, is a rambling perennial under shrub grown in most parts of India. The present work deals with the pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochemical studies on the roots of Plumbago zeylanica Linn.

Objectives:
This study aimed to look at the preliminary phytochemical screening and pharmacognostic characteristics of P. zeylanicum roots.

Material and Methods:
Macroscopy, microscopy, phytochemical screening, physicochemical parameters, and the production of thin-layer chromatograms were used to evaluate the pharmacognostic properties of the Plumbago zeylanicum root.

Results:
Macroscopic examination revealed brown roots with an unpleasant flavor. Transverse cuts displayed visible features like medullary rays, arteries, secondary xylem, and starch grains. Powder microscopy further revealed secondary xylem elements, trichomes, fibers, and starch grains. Physicochemical properties of Plumbago zeylanicum were determined, including thin-layer chromatography fingerprinting, ash levels, extractive values, and fluorescence analysis, indicating diverse phytoconstituents in the root extract.

Conclusion:
The extracts contain steroids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, and carbohydrates, suggesting potential medicinal applications. The method is a superior alternative to time-consuming and complex steam distillation-based isolation techniques.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Nicotine Replacement Therapy as Compared to Counselling among Adults for Tobacco Cessation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Waghmare Mandavi , Manoj Reema , Bhor Ketaki , Mane Pranali , Shetty Naveen , Pol Bhavika 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Tobacco abuse is a greatest cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Guidelines recommend that smoking cessation intervention are offered to all smokers willing to make a quit attempt.

Objective:
To evaluate the effectiveness on tobacco cessation by using Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) plus counselling (CO) as intervention and CO as control.

Methods:
A literature analysis including PubMed, Google scholar published till December 2022 performed. Articles available in English language were included. A meta-analysis was performed.

Results:
Six RCTs were incorporated in the study. Four studies presented with high risk of bias. Subgroup analysis using random model effect favoured combined treatment of NRT and CO (p<0.0001).

Conclusion:
A combination therapy can reduce cigarette consumption thus encouraging tobacco abstinence among the population.
Gender Determination from Digital Lateral Cephalogram for an Adolescent and Adult Cohort from a Pondicherry Population – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Couppoussamy Rajkumar , Daniel M Jonathan , Vasudevan Srinivasan Subramanian , Vanathan Kumaran Jimsha 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Identifying sex from a skull is a test for a forensic odontologist. There are research done to determine sex based on cranial values. The aim of the present research is to assess the role of facial skeletal traits in digital lateral cephalogram to determine gender.

Objectives:
To derive a discriminant function equation to determine gender for an adolescent and adult cohort.

Methods and Material:
From the archive of the Institution, 98 digital lateral cephalograms of 52 males and 46 females with an age range from 13 to 55 years were retrieved to measure 12 facial skeletal variables using DIMAXIS-3 software. Discriminant function analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results:
On initial discriminant function analysis, Ramus height (RH), lower facial height, mandibular length, and anterior cranial base (SN length) were found to be better predictors. On subsequent stepwise discriminant function analysis, RH only appeared to detect the gender with utmost accuracy when all 12 variables were included in the analysis.

Conclusions:
RH is the better predictor of gender of all the parameters taken in this study on a Pondicherry population.
Unique Presentation of Central Giant Cell Granuloma in Posterior Maxillary Region
Authors: Singh Simran , Hebbale Manjula , Halli Rajshekhar , Singh Akanksha 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Central Giant Cell Granuloma (CGCG) is a reactive, benign bony lesion primarily affecting the jaw bones of unknown etiology. Its widespread clinical manifestations can make diagnosis challenging. It is usually seen in mandible but can also involve the maxilla and hence should be considered as a differential diagnosis. Both surgical and non-surgical method can be considered but conservative surgical excision is the widely used treatment approach for management of CGCG.
Intraoral Swelling: A Rare Case Report with Diagnostic Perplexity
Authors: Singh Vikram , Hada Pratiksha , Sharma Sakshi , Dubey Shivam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are malignant tumor that arises from the lymphoreticular system. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma distinguished by the proliferation of pleomorphic large lymphoid cells expressing CD30 antigen. This case report is about a 55-year-old patient who had pain and swelling in her lower front teeth region. The immunohistochemistry report confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the anaplastic null cell type.
Airway Analysis in Patients with Asthma and Epilepsy-A Pilot Study
Authors: Dhanya M , Muthukrishnan Arvind 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder depicted by total or partial upper airway obstruction. OSA is more prevalent in asthmatic and epileptic patients due to the presence of nasal obstruction. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) using a large field of view (FOV) is increasingly being used as a preferred diagnostic tool.

Objective:
The core goal of the study was to measure the retropalatal and retroglossal space in asthmatic and epileptic patients by using CBCT.

Methods:
This prospective study was performed on asthmatic (n = 15) and epileptic (n = 15) patients who reported to the Department of Oral Medicine And Radiology And Special Care Dentistry from March 2022 to May 2022. CBCT full-skull images were taken with an FOV of 16 cm × 17 cm, and airway analysis was carried out.

Results:
SPSS software was employed for statistical analysis. When the Mann-Whitney U Test was used to compare measurement values between patients with asthma and those with epilepsy, a P value of 0.935 was found.

Conclusion:
Among 30 patients, eight asthmatic and seven epileptic patients were at an intermediate probability of developing OSA. Along with gold-standard diagnostic polysomnography, CBCT could be used as an alternative diagnostic aid in assessing OSA.
Terminalia chebula 10% Mouth Rinse, Topical Curcumin Oral Gel and Topical 0.1% Triamcinolone Acetonide Oromucosal Paste in the Management of Oral Aphthous Ulcers - An Interventional Study
Authors: Peterlouis Arulraj , Manoharan G. V Murali Gopika 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Oral aphthous ulcers are the most common oral mucosal lesion without any definite remedy. Terminalia chebula is known as the “king of medicine” as it possesses extraordinary healing properties. To our knowledge, based on a literature search, there is no published study so far available using T. chebula mouth rinse alone in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU). Hence, we aim to compare the effectiveness of triamcinolone acetonide oro-mucosal paste and curcumin oral gel, which are currently being used for the treatment of RAU, with that of T. chebula.

Materials and Methods:
This clinical interventional study involving 30 patients who were clinically diagnosed with minor aphthous ulcers were randomly divided into three groups: T. chebula 10% mouth rinse, topical application of curcumin oral gel, and 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide group with single blinding. The patients were reviewed for pain reduction, and the number and size of the ulcers were assessed.

Results:
Regarding the reduction in the size and number of the lesions, the T. chebula group produced superior results.

Conclusion:

T. chebula can be incorporated in the form of mouth rinse as an adjunct or alone effectively in the management of minor RAU, especially when other medications are contraindicated.
Assessment of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in Oral Lichen Planus Patients: A Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Basu Shalini , Srivastava Sunita , Sinha Abhιshek , Iqbal Haider , Mishra Anuj , Singh Yakshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Oral lichen planus(OLP) lesions are chronic, rarely undergo spontaneous remission, potentially pre-malignant and often source of morbidity when erosive/ulcerative or erythematous lesions are present, suggesting that oral lichen planus does have an impact on quality life.It can be triggered by psychological or physical stress.

Aim:
was to determine the influence of stress anxiety and depression in patients with OLP using ,Depression ,stress and anxiety scale 21 questionnaire(DASS21).

Methods:
90 patients were enrolled into this study. Psychometric evaluation was done using DASS-21 questionnaire. Patients were asked to rate the extent to which they had experienced each symptom over the previous week on a four-point scale ranging between 0 .Based on the score obtained, extent of a given negative emotion was classified as normal, mild, moderate, severe or extremely severe. It has 21questions divided into three sub scales of seven items each to evaluate the effect of stress, anxiety and depression respectively among OLP patients.

Results:
The atrophic-erosive type showed highest stress levels ie 16.7%,while,1.5% of the patients showed severe stress level in reticular type .(p-value of 0.005) whereas severe levels of anxiety was seen in 10.4% with reticular type, 8.3% with atrophic-erosive type and combined type with 9.1%. Extremely severe levels of anxiety was seen only in 3% of reticular type , 8.3% with atrophic-erosive pattern and 9.1% showed combined pattern. The results were not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
OLP have periods of relapses and remissions. burning sensation were high, irrespective of the clinical pattern seen. We found that the levels of stress and anxiety were comparatively higher compared to depression in patients with oral lichen planus.
Comparative Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin and Aloe Vera with Ultrasound as An Adjuvant in the Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Raj Rajamohan Radhamani Mahendra , Saravanan Thalamalai , Sowmiya Jaisankar , Sasipriyadarsini Ganesha Murthi , Shakila Kanapathy Ramalingam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is an insidious chronic inflammatory progressive disease and one of the potentially malignant disorders, predominantly affecting the oral cavity.

Objective:
The current study aimed to compare the efficacy of curcumin and aloe vera along with ultrasound in the management of OSMF.

Materials and Methods:
In this intervention study, 40 participants with OSMF were allocated into two groups. Group A included 20 patients who received curcumin (curenext) oral gel for 3 months along with ultrasound therapy. Group B included 20 patients who received aloe vera gel (forever living gel) along with ultrasound therapy.

Results:
Following therapies, patients in the group A showed clinically significant improvements when compared to group B.

Conclusion:
The combined therapy of curcumin and ultrasound shows potential in managing OSMF by effectively alleviating clinical symptoms without any reported side effects. It is advised that future studies employ larger samples and longer treatment follow-up.
Efficacy of Lycopene in the Management of Oral Leukoplakia – A Systematic Review
Authors: Karemore Tapasya , Motwani Mukta , Motghare Pawan , Dalal Shiwani , Panchbhai Arati , Banubakode Trushita 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Leukoplakia is majorly treated pharmacologically and surgically along with counselling of patients for complete stoppage of habit. In spite of multiple treatment modalities, complete remission of lesions has not been achieved till date. Hence, future research is recommended to explore promising treatment options.

Objectives:
The aim of this review was to identify and interpret the results of the studies that evaluated efficacy of lycopene in the treatment of Oral leukoplakia in comparison with other treatment modalities.

Materials and Methods:
An extensive search was carried out using databases named PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, Embase, web of science, EBSCOhost from June 1999 to June 2023 to identify Oral leukoplakia related clinical trials involving lycopene as one of the interventions. Studies were screened based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. A final inclusion of four RCTs was done to evaluate the effectiveness of lycopene alone or in combination with various drugs in the treatment of Oral leukoplakia.

Results:
Lycopene was found to be effective in reduction in size and complete healing of lesions without adverse effects. Conclusion: This systematic review suggests that lycopene is potent and efficacious in the treatment of oral leukoplakia compared to other treatment modalities.