bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole‐fly‐ash‐adenosine composite reinforced epoxy coating for anticorrosive applications
Authors: Kharat Baburao M. , Vyavahare Siddhant A. , Shirapure Yogita , Kerosenewala Jainabh , Desai Pradnya , More Aarti P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPolypyrrole (PPy), PPy‐fly ash, and PPy‐fly ash‐adenosine composite in an epoxy resin system were studied for potential applications in the field of corrosion protection. The composite was prepared using a simple and cost‐effective in‐situ chemical oxidative method by interfacial polymerization technique. The synthesized composites were added into the epoxy coating matrix. All the studied formulations show excellent adhesion (5B) and good chemical resistance and passed flexibility test without any crack formation. Pencil hardness increases from 2H to 4H while scratch resistance increases from 1.5 to 2 kg for both PPy‐Ash 3wt% and PPy‐Ash‐adenosine 3 wt% as compared to plain epoxy. The contact angle observed to be 80.4° for plain epoxy and with PPy‐Ash‐adenosine 5 wt% it is 98.75°. Anticorrosive properties of the coatings were evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy bode plot analysis and salt spray tests. There was an increase in impedance from 2.5 to 4.25 ohm, as the addition of PPy‐Ash‐adenosine composite. The results indicated that the composite coatings exhibited significantly higher corrosion protection properties compared to the pure epoxy coating. The enhanced corrosion protection performance of the composite coatings was attributed to the synergistic effect of PPy, fly ash, and adenosine.
Electrical Effects of Ionic Deficient Cubic Ferrite Spinels: A Case Study on MgFe2O4
Authors: Farshidfar Farshad , Oreskovic Hannah , Ryan Dominic H. , Ghandi Khashayar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectron transport via indirect exchange interactions between octahedral sites in spinels is affected by cationic or anionic vacancies. Thus, the deviation of the electron hopping mechanism is investigated, from a constant energy barrier toward a variable range energy barrier in iron‐deficient and oxygen‐deficient cubic magnesium ferrite spinels. Variable range electron hopping activation energy at high temperatures is consistent with the modified cation–anion interactions in the distorted structure of an ionic deficient cubic magnesium ferrite spinel. For these observations, an instrumental method is developed to evaluate the electron exchange interactions and general redox kinetics on surfaces, managed by exposure to the flow of a wide variety of desired gases. The applications of this instrument are far beyond the example studies reported here.
Prostatic urethral lift for subjects in urinary retention (PULSAR): 12‐Month results of a prospective controlled trial compared with real‐world outcomes
Authors: Rochester Mark , Doherty Ruth , Page Toby , Barber Neil , Kavia Rajesh , Thiruchelvam Nikesh , Gange Steven , Mueller Thomas , Eure Gregg , Chin Peter , Kayes Oliver 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the safety and efficacy of prostatic urethral lift (PUL) in acute urinary retention (AUR) patients within a controlled (PULSAR) and real‐world setting (Real‐World Retrospective study).Materials and methodsPULSAR was a 12‐month prospective study of PUL in AUR patients (n = 51) performed at six centres in the United Kingdom; enrolled BPH patients aged ≥50 years, with prostate volume of ≤100 cc. AUR was defined as being catheter dependent with at least one prior failed trial without catheter (TWOC) while on an alpha‐blocker. RWR consisted of 3226 consecutive PUL patients across 22 international sites treated between July 2017 and March 2020; 469 of whom were in urinary retention (RWRr), that is, catheter‐dependent at the time of their procedure. Symptom response, uroflow and catheter independence rates were compared between PULSAR and RWRr subjects. A logistical regression model was constructed to evaluate patient baseline and dynamic factors predicting success after the procedure.ResultsSeventy‐three percent of PULSAR subjects were catheter independent and free from surgical reintervention at 12 months post‐PUL. Success was associated with higher voiding efficiency during the perioperative period. Slightly higher catheter‐independent rates (80%) were seen in RWRr patients; variables that influenced success included age <70 years, lower baseline prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), lower baseline post‐void residual (PVR) and shorter pre‐procedural catheter duration. Logistic regression of the combined PULSAR and RWRr retention groups revealed that procedural age <70 years and higher bladder voiding efficiency (BVE) were associated with success.ConclusionsLower baseline PSA and PVR, younger age and shorter pre‐procedure catheter durations drove successful outcomes in AUR patients undergoing PUL. Post‐PUL voiding efficiencies may help ascertain long‐term response to treatment.
Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Antifungal Activity of Friedelanes from Salacia elliptica Roots
Authors: Marinho Miguel Elizabeth Luciana , de Sousa Grasiely Faria , Duarte Lucienir Pains , Guerra de Aguilar Mariana , Silva Sabrina França , Ferreira Soares Daniel Crístian , Johann Susana , de Andrade Santana Luiz Felipe , Thomaz Oliveira Kamila , Montes Vidal Diogo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPlants from Salacia genus are used in traditional medicine for a wide range of diseases. Previous studies reported bioactive pentacyclic triterpenoids from S. elliptica leaves and branches. In this study, the novel pentacyclic triterpenoid 7α,15α‐dihydroxyfriedelan‐3‐one (1) was obtained from the roots of Salacia elliptica, along with seven known compounds: friedelan‐3‐one (2), friedelan‐3β‐ol (3), friedelan‐1,3‐dione (4), friedelan‐3,15‐dione (5), 15α‐hydroxyfriedelan‐3‐one (6), 15α,26‐dihydroxyfriedelan‐3‐one (7), and 26‐hydroxyfriedelan‐3,15‐dione (8). Additionally, one steroid, spinasterol (9), was also identified. The chemical structures of all compounds were established through 1H and 13C‐NMR. Compound 1 was analysed by additional 2D experiments (HMBC, HSQC, COSY, and NOESY) for complete elucidation. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of compounds 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8 against the A549 lung cancer cells model was evaluated. The flow cytometry analysis revealed a significant cytotoxic activity similar to that exhibited by the triterpenoid lupeol. Additionally, compounds 2, 3, 6, and 7 were tested for in vitro antifungal activity against Candida, Cryptococcus and Sporothrix strains. However, all compounds showed no activity at the tested concentrations.
Significant symptom resolution of spinal lipomatosis with weight loss
Authors: Haggerty Treah , Milligan Savannah , Davisson Laura , Cavrak Megan , Imlay Riley , Sedney Cara 
Published: September 2023

Abstract71‐year‐old male with epidural spinal lipomatosis and spondylolisthesis. Conservative treatment failed, and a spinal fusion and laminectomy were performed. Postoperatively, the patient reported a reduction in pain; however, the pain recurred soon after surgery. After losing 53 pounds with medical management, the patient reported a complete absence of pain. Epidural spinal lipomatosis is a rare condition characterized by the deposition and hypertrophy of adipose tissue in the spinal canal, sometimes resulting in stenosis or compression of the dural sac and nerve roots (Glob Spine J. 2018;9:658). Although several factors are considered to precipitate the disease, steroid use (J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;76:1) and obesity (Neurosurg Focus. 2004;16:1) are considered among the most prevalent, with obesity controversially being listed under “idiopathic” causes occasionally (Glob Spine J. 2018;9:658). Weight reduction and decreased steroid use are first‐line treatments for this disorder, and usually surgery is considered only when conservative treatment is ineffective (Glob Spine J. 2018;9:658). To describe a case of treating spinal lipomatosis within an evidence‐based multidisciplinary medical weight management clinic.
Cardiovascular foreign body retrieval and its management algorithm
Authors: Salimi Javad , Rasekhi Siahkalmahalleh Mohammad , Miratashi Yazdi Seyed Amir 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageApplication of central venous catheters become more common however a rare complication, embolization, can occur which lead to high mortality rate. Therefore, cardiovascular foreign bodies should be immediately remove with a safe and effective method and algorithm. So, we investigate the results of cardiovascular foreign body retrieval in our center based on a designed algorithm. In this case series study, patients who had cardiovascular foreign body embolization were managed by our algorithm. Our approach was based on the time duration of foreign body embolization in cardiovascular system and also its location. If the embolization time was less than 48 h, based on the location of foreign body, insertion site would be right femoral or jugular vein. If the time of foreign body embolization was more than 48 h, echocardiography should be done to assess thrombosis around foreign body. Retrieval was done with snare technique in all patients. Over 12 patients, 9 patient had port catheter foreign body in SVC and atrium, 1 patient had port catheter in atrium, 1 patient had port catheter in pulmonary artery and 1 patient had hemodialysis catheter in inferior vena cava (IVC) and atrium. Foreign body retrieval was successful in all 11 patient. The IVC and atrium were the common site of port catheter fragments. According to our experience, we organize a useful algorithm for retrieval of cardiovascular foreign body based on time of embolization and its location.
Glass‐ceramic: Controlled crystallization of glasses obtained from biomass ash
Authors: Dias Thais Samira Souza , Leme Thariany Sanches , dos Santos Luiz Fernando , Magalhães Renata da Silva , de Almeida Santos Gleyson Tadeu , Teixeira Silvio Rainho , de Souza Agda Eunice 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, vitreous material was produced, using ash from burning wood in a boiler, to obtain a glass‐ceramic with the gehlenite phase. The glass obtained by melt‐quenching at 1450°C was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and other techniques to determine the glass transition and crystallization temperatures, and crystallization kinetics were investigated using the Kissinger model. Tablets prepared with glass powder were treated at 970, 990, 1074, and 1120°C for 1 h, to obtain the glass‐ceramic material. The phase identified by X‐ray diffraction was gehlenite, with two crystalline structures coexisting in the sample. According to the kinetics study, the phase with a tetragonal structure had a lower crystallization activation energy, and therefore, it may have been the first phase to be formed in the material. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed crystalline regions within the glassy matrix with a lamellar microstructure, with no geometrically defined morphology and no morphological or microstructural distinction, suggesting that both gehlenite phases coexist without apparent distinctions in the glass‐ceramic. The best results for water absorption, apparent porosity, and apparent density were for the glass‐ceramic sample sintered at 990°C, whose values were respectively 0.1, 0.29, and 2.89 g/cm3.
Influence of oral microbiome on longitudinal patterns of oral mucositis severity in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Zhang Liangliang , San Valentin Erin Marie D. , John Teny M. , Jenq Robert R. , Do Kim‐Anh , Hanna Ehab Y. , Peterson Christine B. , Reyes‐Gibby Cielito C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the influence of oral microbial features on the trajectory of oral mucositis (OM) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.MethodsOM severity was assessed and buccal swabs were collected at baseline, at the initiation of cancer treatment, weekly during cancer treatment, at the termination of cancer treatment, and after cancer treatment termination. The oral microbiome was characterized via the 16S ribosomal RNA V4 region with the Illumina platform. Latent class mixed‐model analysis was used to group individuals with similar trajectories of OM severity. Locally estimated scatterplot smoothing was used to fit an average trend within each group and to assess the association between the longitudinal OM scores and longitudinal microbial abundances.ResultsFour latent groups (LGs) with differing patterns of OM severity were identified for 142 subjects. LG1 has an early onset of high OM scores. LGs 2 and 3 begin with relatively low OM scores until the eighth and 11th week, respectively. LG4 has generally flat OM scores. These LGs did not vary by treatment or clinical or demographic variables. Correlation analysis showed that the abundances of Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacterales, Bacteroidales, Aerococcaceae, Prevotellaceae, Abiotrophia, and Prevotella_7 were positively correlated with OM severity across the four LGs. Negative correlation was observed with OM severity for a few microbial features: Abiotrophia and Aerococcaceae for LGs 2 and 3; Gammaproteobacteria and Proteobacteria for LGs 2, 3, and 4; and Enterobacterales for LGs 2 and 4.ConclusionsThese findings suggest the potential to personalize treatment for OM.Plain Language Summary

Oral mucositis (OM) is a common and debilitating after effect for patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
Trends in the abundance of specific microbial features may be associated with patterns of OM severity over time.
Our findings suggest the potential to personalize treatment plans for OM via tailored microbiome interventions.
An aneurysm‐specific preconditioning technique for the acceleration of Newton‐Krylov method with application in the simulation of blood flows
Authors: Liu Yingzhi , Qi Fenfen , Cai Xiao‐Chuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we develop an algorithm to simulate blood flows in aneurysmal arteries and focus on the construction of robust and efficient multilevel preconditioners to speed up the convergence of both linear and nonlinear solvers. The work is motivated by the observation that in the local aneurysmal region, the flow is often quite complicated with one or more vortices, but in the healthy section of the artery, the principal component of blood flows along the centerline of the artery. Based on this observation, we introduce a novel two‐level additive Schwarz method with a mixed‐dimensional coarse preconditioner. The key components of the preconditioner include (1) a three‐dimensional coarse preconditioner covering the aneurysm; (2) a one‐dimensional coarse preconditioner covering the central line of the healthy section of the artery; (3) a collection of three‐dimensional overlapping subdomain preconditioners covering the fine meshes of the entire artery; (4) extension/restriction operators constructed by radial basis functions. The blood flow is modeled by the unsteady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with resistance outflow boundary conditions discretized by a stabilized finite element method on fully unstructured meshes and the second‐order backward differentiation formula in time. The resulting large nonlinear algebraic systems are solved by a Newton‐Krylov algorithm accelerated by the new preconditioner in two ways: (1) the initial guess of Newton is obtained by solving a linear system defined by the coarse preconditioner; (2) the Krylov solver of the Jacobian system is preconditioned by the new preconditioner. Numerical experiments indicate that the proposed preconditioner is highly effective and robust for complex flows in a patient‐specific artery with aneurysm, and it significantly reduces the numbers of linear and nonlinear iterations.
Transthyretin promotes the invasion of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma by tumor‐associated macrophages
Authors: Ke Kun , Lin Junqing , Huang Ning , Yan Leye , Liao Rihua , Yang Weizhu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with combined hepatocellular‐cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC‐CCA) have limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and promote tumor stemness, proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Evidence suggested that transthyretin (TTR) influenced the prolifetation and invasion functions of different tumors and play an essential role in the tumor microenvironment.AimsTo investigate the involvement of TTR in TAMs affecting the invasion of cHCC‐CCA.Methods and ResultsData sets obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were integrated. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained using R software, and modules associated with cHCC‐CCA were screened by weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA). Human THP‐1 cells were induced to differentiate into macrophages and then co‐cultured with HCCC9810 cells and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) to simulate the inflammatory microenvironment of cHCC‐CAA. In addition, small interfering RNA against TTR was transfected into HCCC9810 cells, and recombinant TTR and ERK and AKT‐specific inhibitors were added to HCCC9810 cells, respectively; after that, the levels of NF‐κB protein and phosphorylated ERK and AKT were measured. The invasive abilities of HCCC9810 cells were also tested.One hundred forty‐five DEGs were associated with cHCC‐CCA, of which TTR was up‐regulated. Turquoise modules containing TTR in WGCNA were most significantly associated with cHCC‐CCA. TTR was highly expressed in HCCC9810 compared to Huh‐28. HCCC9810 showed enhanced invasive capacity after co‐culture with TNF‐α + macrophages (p < .05). After interfering with TTR, the invasive ability of HCCC9810 was diminished, accompanied by decreased expression of NF‐κB, p‐ERK1/2, and p‐AKT (p < .05). After treating HCCC9810 with ERK and AKT‐specific inhibitors, the invasive ability of HCCC9810 was diminished, accompanied by decreased expression of NF‐κB and TTR (p < .05).ConclusionTTR can promote the invasive ability of cHCC‐CCA by regulating AKT/NF‐κB and ERK pathways with the assistance of TAMs.
Chitosan‐Derived N‐Doped Carbon for Light‐Mediated Carbon Dioxide Fixation into Epoxides
Authors: Paliwal Khushboo S. , Sarkar Debashrita , Mitra Antarip , Mahalingam Venkataramanan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA series of calcined Chitosan (CS) photothermal catalysts are prepared by heating the biopolymer at different temperatures. The photothermal conversion (light to heat) ability of these calcined CS materials is evaluated by measuring the temperature change with respect to time and lamp power. The material prepared at 300 °C (Cal‐CS‐300) shows excellent photothermal conversion ability which is explored for the CO2 cycloaddition reaction with epoxides to produce cyclic carbonates under mild reaction parameters (1 atm CO2 pressure, 25 °C). The study reveals the importance of defects present in the material on both photothermal conversion and CO2 fixation efficiency. Under optimized reaction conditions, Cal‐CS‐300 is able to convert a range of epoxides into their respective cyclic carbonates (>97 % selectivity) and retains its catalytic activity (~86 %) for 5 cycles of catalysis without losing its chemical integrity. The use of ubiquitously available biopolymer together with light makes this approach sustainable for preparing value added chemicals.
RDMSR: A reactive defragmentation with minimum spectrum route strategy for mixed grid optical network
Authors: Yadav Dharmendra Singh 
Published: September 2023

SummaryIn this paper, we propose a reactive defragmentation with minimum spectrum route (RDMSR) for the problem of route, spectrum, and modulation‐format allocation (RSMA) in mixed grid optical network. In mixed grid network, spectrum redundancy and its assignment problem increase due to the spectrum continuity and contiguity constrains. In the proposed RDMSR strategy, process of defragmentation initiates after the termination of the existing connections. In addition, the route that needs minimum spectrum is given priority over the other available routes. The performance of the proposed strategy is compared with the two existing strategies: shortest path first (SPF) and mixed grid aware dynamic resources allocation (MDRA). Simulations are performed on NSFNET and ARPANET topologies. The existing and proposed strategies are evaluated on the metrics of bandwidth blocking probability (BBP), network capacity (NC), and average hops (AH) at three different combinations of the network traffic. Results show the proposed strategy outperforms than the other existing state of art strategies.
Detailed fine needle aspiration cytopathology findings of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features with nuclear grading correlated to that of biopsy and Bethesda category and systematic review
Authors: Kaçar Özkara Sevgiye , Turan Gupse 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundNoninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features (NIFTP) poses diagnostic challenge in fine needle aspiration cytopathology (FNAC). We aimed first to document our FNAC Bethesda categories (BCs) for all of our NIFTPs and compare our findings with those in the literature with series containing at least 14 cases each.MethodsCases with final histopathological diagnoses of NIFTP and their preoperative FNAC were retrieved from 2006 to 2022 and our cytopathological BCs were documented. Then the slides were re‐reviewed in a blinded manner for detailed classification and the results of both the BCs and blinded reclassification were compared with series in the literature for both BCs and detailed cytopathological review of the cases.ResultsThyroid FNACs of 43 out of 86 patients with final NIFTP diagnoses were obtained. Females composed 72.1% (F/M: 31/12); mean age and mean tumor diameter was 47.6 (19–72 years) and 23.4 mm (7–60 mm), respectively. Totally 81.4% (35/43) were classified in the “indeterminate” diagnostic categories; namely 44.2% (19/43) were reported as atypia of undetermined significance (AUS; BC III), 20.9% (9/43) were follicular neoplasm (FN; BC IV), and 16.3% (7/43) were suspicious for malignancy (SM; BC V). No patient was diagnosed as positive for malignancy (BC VI), preoperatively.Detailed cytomorphologic reevaluation revealed heterogeneous cytopathologic findings and nuclear grade (especially nuclear enlargement, membrane irregularity and elongation) significantly increased with respect to BCs. Systematic review confirmed extremely heterogeneous cytomorphologic nature of NIFTP.ConclusionsNIFTPs were categorized most frequently as AUS, followed by FN and SM on FNAC. Our re‐review were not able to specify features solely unique to NIFTP alone but may distinguish these cases from classic papillary thyroid carcinoma.