bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boundary Layers of Circumplanetary Disks around Spinning Planets. I. Effects of Rossby Waves
Authors: Fu 付 Zhihao 智豪 , Huang 黄 Shunquan 顺权 , Yu 余 Cong 聪 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Gas giant planets are believed to accrete from their circumplanetary disks (CPDs). The CPDs usually involve accretion through the boundary layer (BL) in the vicinity of planets. Prior studies have concentrated on the BL of nonspinning planets. We investigate the influence of planetary spin on the wave behaviors within the BL. The rotation profile in such BLs would show a sharp transition from the rigid rotation to the Keplerian rotation. We examine the angular momentum transport in these BLs in terms of linear perturbation analysis. We find that the global inertia-acoustic mode associated with spinning planets would give rise to the inflow of angular momentum and the accretion of gas. In this work, we identify a new kind of global mode, namely the Rossby mode. The Rossby mode can lead to the outflow of angular momentum and the decretion of gas from a spinning planet. The Rossby mode provides a negative feedback that regulates the planetary spin and mass. We compare the growth rate of the two modes as a function of the width of BL, the Mach number, and the spin rate of planets. Our results reveal the underlying hydrodynamic mechanism of terminal spins and asymptotic mass of the giant planets.
Comparison of the Composition of ICMEs from Active Regions and Quiet-Sun Regions
Authors: Li Jinrong , Song Hongqiang , Lv Qi , Fu Hui , Li Leping , Zheng Ruisheng , Chen Yao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The composition of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), including the ionic charge states and elemental abundances of heavy elements, is tightly correlated with their source regions and eruption processes. This can help in analyzing the eruption mechanisms and plasma origins of CMEs, and deepen our understanding of energetic solar activities. The active regions and quiet-Sun regions have different physical properties; thus, from a statistical point of view, ICMEs originating from the two types of regions should exhibit different compositional characteristics. To demonstrate the differences comprehensively, we conduct survey studies on the ionic charge states of five elements (Mg, Fe, Si, C, and O) and the relative abundances of six elements (Mg/O, Fe/O, Si/O, C/O, Ne/O, and He/O) within ICMEs from 1998 February to 2011 August using data from the Advanced Composition Explorer. The results show that ICMEs from active regions have higher ionic charge states and relative abundances than those from quiet-Sun regions. For the active-region ICMEs, we further analyze the relations between their composition and flare class, and find a positive relationship between them, i.e., the higher the classes of the associated flares, the larger the means of the ionic charge states and relative abundances (except the C/O) within ICMEs. As more (less) fractions of ICMEs originate from active regions around the solar maximum (minimum), and active-region ICMEs usually are associated with higher-class flares, our studies might answer why the composition of ICMEs measured near 1 au exhibits a solar cycle dependence.
Observations of GRB 230307A by TESS
Authors: Fausnaugh Michael M. , Jayaraman Rahul , Vanderspek Roland , Ricker George R. , Burke Christopher J. , Colón Knicole D. , Fleming Scott W. , Lewis Hannah M. , Mullally Susan , Youngblood Allison , Barclay Thomas , Burns Eric , Latham David W. , Seager S. , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We present the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) light curve of GRB 230307A. We find two distinct components: a bright, prompt optical component at the time of the Fermi observation that peaked at TESS magnitude 14.49 ± 0.05 (averaged over 200 s), followed by a gradual rise and fall over 0.5 day, likely associated with the afterglow, that peaked at 17.65 ± 0.06 mag. The prompt component is observed in a single 200 s Full Frame Image and was undetectable in the next TESS image (T
mag > 17.79). Assuming that the onset of the optical transient was coincident with the gamma-ray emission, the prompt emission lasted less than 73.6 s, which implies the true peak was actually brighter than T
mag = 13.40. We also fit parametric models to the afterglow to characterize its shape. The TESS TICA light curve can be retrieved at https://tess.mit.edu/public/tesstransients/light_curves/lc_grb230307A_cleaned.txt.
Repeating Outbursts from the Young Stellar Object Gaia23bab (=SPICY 97589)
Authors: Kuhn Michael A. , Benjamin Robert A. , Ishida Emille E. O. , de Souza Rafael S. , Peloton Julien , Veneri Michele Delli 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The light curve of Gaia23bab (=SPICY 97589) shows two significant (ΔG > 2 mag) brightening events, one in 2017 and an ongoing event starting in 2022. The source’s quiescent spectral energy distribution indicates an embedded (A

V
> 5 mag) pre-main-sequence star, with optical accretion emission and mid-infrared disk emission. This characterization is supported by the source’s membership in an embedded cluster in the star-forming cloud DOBASHI 1604 at a distance of 900 ± 45 pc. Thus, the brightening events are probable accretion outbursts, likely of EX Lup-type.
Modeling the Formation of Selk Impact Crater on Titan: Implications for Dragonfly
Authors: Wakita 脇田 Shigeru 茂 , Johnson Brandon C. , Soderblom Jason M. , Shah Jahnavi , Neish Catherine D. , Steckloff Jordan K. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Selk crater is an ∼80 km diameter impact crater on the Saturnian icy satellite Titan. Melt pools associated with impact craters like Selk provide environments where liquid water and organics can mix and produce biomolecules like amino acids. It is partly for this reason that the Selk region has been selected as the area that NASA’s Dragonfly mission will explore and address one of its primary goals: to search for biological signatures on Titan. Here we simulate Selk-sized impact craters on Titan to better understand the formation of Selk and its melt pool. We consider several structures for the icy target material by changing the thickness of the methane clathrate layer, which has a substantial effect on the target thermal structure and crater formation. Our numerical results show that a 4 km diameter impactor produces a Selk-sized crater when 5–15 km thick methane clathrate layers are considered. We confirm the production of melt pools in these cases and find that the melt volumes are similar regardless of methane clathrate layer thickness. The distribution of the melted material, however, is sensitive to the thickness of the methane clathrate layer. In the case of a 10–15 km thick methane clathrate layer, the melt pool appears as a torus-like shape that is a few kilometers deep, and as a shallower layer in the case of a 5 km thick clathrate layer. Melt pools of this thickness may take tens of thousands of years to freeze, allowing more time for complex organics to form.
Gender differences in time taken for peer review and publishing output in the physical sciences
Authors: Leedham Elvidge Emma C. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Despite decades of work to improve gender equality in science (and other science, technology, engineering, and maths fields), gender bias still exists and has been shown to impact the retention of women in academic scientific careers. Publication of peer-reviewed articles remains a key criterion for career progression and a common marker of success in academia. Any barriers to publication faced by women may therefore impact their retention and career progression.
Objectives: To investigate gender differences within one potential barrier to publication, namely the time taken in peer review, by investigating the question: &lsquo;Is the peer review process longer for papers with (assumed) women as first authors than those with (assumed) male first authors?&rsquo;
Methods: Gender differences in peer review time were analysed for 1100 peer-reviewed papers published between 2006 and 2016 and selected from 5 journals covering a range of physical science disciplines and publication styles.
Results: In the physical sciences, male first-authored papers outnumbered female first-authored papers 2:1. However, the analysis showed no statistical difference in the time taken for peer review between the two sets of papers.
Conclusion: The time taken to peer review a paper is not linked to the gender of the paper&rsquo;s first author. However, the large discrepancy in the number of papers with men as first authors compared to that with women as first authors could be a contributing factor to the attrition of women from the academic career ladder (the so-called &lsquo;leaky pipeline&rsquo;).
Editorial
Authors: Gütl Christian 
Published: March 2023

Dear Readers,&nbsp;
It gives me great pleasure to announce the third regular issue of 2023. In this issue, 4 papers by 11 authors from 5 countries cover various topical aspects of computer science. In an ongoing effort to further strengthen our journal, I would like to expand the editorial board: If you are a tenured associate professor or above with a strong publication record, you are welcome to apply to join our editorial board. We are also interested in high-quality proposals for special issues on new topics and trends.&nbsp;
As always, I would like to thank all the authors for their sound research and the editorial board for their extremely valuable review effort and suggestions for improvement. These contributions, together with the generous support of the consortium members, sustain the quality of our journal.&nbsp;
In the third regular issue, I am very pleased to introduce the following 4 accepted articles: Gerardo Matturro from Uruguay reports on his research findings on undergraduate software engineering over a seven-year period, specifically on students&#39; motivation to participate in research projects, skills acquired, and their perceptions of benefits. Uma Priya D and P. Santhi Thilagam from India propose an approach to cluster heterogeneous JSON documents using the similarity fusion method based on structural, semantic and contextual measures of JSON schemas. Zeinab Rahimi and Mehrnoush Shamsfard from Iran present a hybrid contradiction detection approach that can detect seven categories of contradictions in Persian texts: Antonymy, negation, numerical, factive, structural, lexical and world knowledge, which is based on a novel data mining method and a transformer-based deep neural method for contradiction detection. In their joint research between Estonia, Spain and India, Shashi Kant Shankar, Adolfo Ruiz-Calleja, Luis P. Prieto, Mar&iacute;a Jes&uacute;s Rodr&iacute;guez-Triana, Pankaj Chejara, and Sandesh Tripathi discuss a modular and modifiable infrastructure for data preparation, organization, and fusion to partially support the development of context-aware multimodal learning analytics solutions.&nbsp;
Enjoy Reading!
Cordially,&nbsp;
pyRiemann-qiskit: A Sandbox for Quantum Classification Experiments with Riemannian Geometry
Authors: Andreev Anton , Cattan Grégoire , Chevallier Sylvain , Barthélemy Quentin 
Published: March 2023

Quantum computing is a promising technology for machine learning, in terms of computational costs and outcomes. In this work, we intend to provide a framework that facilitates the use of quantum machine learning in the domain of brain-computer interfaces – where biomedical signals, such as brain waves, are processed.
To this end, we integrated Qiskit, a well-known quantum library, with pyRiemann, a framework for the analysis of biomedical signals using Riemannian Geometry. In this paper, we describe our approach, the main elements of our implementation and our research directions. A key result is the creation of a standardised pipeline (QuantumClassifierWithDefaultRiemannianPipeline) for the binary classification of brain waves. The git repository reported in this paper also contains a complete test suite and examples to guide practitioners. We believe that this software will enable further research on the joint field of brain-computer interfaces and quantum computing.
Le berceau des subjectivités
Authors: Luciani Paul 
Published: March 2023

À partir d’une enquête ethnographique en crèche, cet article vise à démontrer l’apport heuristique d’une anthropologie des bébés centrée sur l’étude de l’émergence et de la construction des sujets sociaux. M’appuyant sur l’analyse de trois situations, je propose d’abord une réflexion épistémiologique sur la dimension subjective de l’enquête auprès des bébés ; puis je discute l’hypothèse selon laquelle la relation qu’ils nouent avec les adultes placent ces derniers dans une « situation parentale » ; enfin, je montre que la crèche est un lieu privilégié d’observations du processus de subjectivation des enfants.
Assessment of Shear Bond Strength to Sound and Artificial Caries Affected Dentin Using Different Adhesive Systems
Authors: Al-Obaidi Zahraa Salman , Jasim Haider Hasan 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
We aimed to determine how the various adhesive systems affect the shear bond strength (SBS) to normal and artificially create caries affected dentin (CAD) in permanent teeth.

Methods:
Forty eight sound premolars had their occlusal enamel ground to create flattened midcoronal dentin. According to the dentin substrate, specimens were allocated into sound and artificially created CAD induction using the pH-cycling technique. Each group was further subdivided according to the adhesive materials: Scotchbond Universal Plus, Scotchbond Universal, and Adper Single Bond 2 adhesives (applied in Etch and Rinse Adhesive Protocol). After that, a composite was put on and shear bond strength (SBS) tests were done. Data analyzed using two-way ANOVA and chi-squared tests.

Results:
Overall model test of the ANOVA statistics showed that both type of dentin and types of adhesive had a significant effect on the SBS values (P <  0.001). Tuckey post hoc comparisons showed a significant difference for type of dentin (P <  0.001) and types of adhesive (P ≤  0.005). Mode of failure assessment is non-statistically significant difference (P = 0.41).

Conclusion:
All adhesives showed a decrease in SBS when used on artificial CAD.
Early and Delayed Effect of Cavity Disinfection with Chlorhexidine and Ozone on the Shear Bond Strength of Dentin to Glass Hybrid Restoration
Authors: AL-Anezi Murtatha M. , Abduljabar Shahbaa M. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
We aimed to evaluate the early and delayed effects of chlorhexidine (CHX) and ozone disinfection on the shear bond strength (SBS) of dentin to glass hybrid restoration.

Methods:
The occlusal surfaces of 60 extracted premolars were trimmed to obtain a flat dentinal surface and randomly divided into three groups, including distilled water (control), 2% CHX, and ozonized water. Each group was further subjected to a shear bond strength test after 24 hours and 3 months.

Results:
The overall model test (P <  0.001), disinfectant and time (P <  0.001), and time (P = 0.017) showed statistically significant differences among study groups. Yet, the type of disinfectant revealed a non-significant difference (P = 0.238). Post hoc tests showed SBS significantly decreasing over time in the control group (P <  0.001) while the difference between 24 hours and 3 months for the CHX (P = 0.880) and ozone (P = 0.983) groups was not significant.

Conclusion:
Within the inherent limitations of in vitro studies, it can be concluded that cavity disinfection with CHX and ozone before glass hybrid restoration had a significant effect on the stability of SBS to dentin over 3 months. The type of disinfectant revealed non-significant difference.
Assessment of Salivary Interleukin-1β Levels in Patients with Gingivitis and Periodontitis
Authors: Al-Musawi Muntadhr A. , Ali Omar H. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
The study aimed to analyze the level of salivary Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in subjects with healthy periodontium and patients with gingivitis and periodontitis stage I-III.

Methods:
A total of 90 individuals participated in the research, separated into five groups, clinically healthy (n = 10), gingivitis (n = 20), stage I periodintitis (n = 20), stage II periodontitis (n = 20), and stage III periodontitis (n = 20). Level of salivary IL-1β was assessed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Result:
A statically significant difference (P < 0.001) found amongst study groups, further multiple group comparison revealed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) when comparing the experimental groups with control and when comparing gingivitis with stage II and III groups.

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of this cross-sectional study, IL-1β can be considered as a potential salivary biomarkers to differentiate between healthy and unhealthy periodontium.
Assessment of the amount of apically extruded debris using three different reciprocating single endodontic file systems
Authors: Alnajm Hasanain M. , Shukri Biland MS 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
This study aimed to assess the amount of apical extrusion of debris after root canal instrumentation with three different reciprocating single endodontic file systems including R-motion, Edge One Fire, and Reciproc Blue.

Methods:
Forty-five human upper first molars that were extracted for periodontal reason included in the study and randomly assigned among three study groups (n = 15). Reciproc Blue, R-motion, and Edge One files were used to instrument the palatal root. Amount of apical extrusion of debris was assessed using the empty tube model of Myers and Montgomery. Data were analyzed blindly via one-way ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test using R.

Results:
There was statistically significant difference among study groups (p < 0 .001). Post hoc test showed nonsignificant difference among Edge One and Reciproc Blue groups (p = 0.106). The difference between R-motion and Reciproc Blue was marginally significant (p = 0.055).

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of this study, R-Motion showed the most amount of apically extruded debris followed by Reciproc Blue and Edge One.
Awareness and Knowledge of HIV/AIDS Among Senior Secondary School Students in Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Olorukooba Abdulhakeem A. , Saulawa Fahad A. , Zaharaddeen Babandi S. , Raji Ismail A. , Olorukooba Halima O. , Belgore Salamatu 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Nigeria has one of the largest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics in the world and one of the highest rates of new infections in Sub-Saharan Africa. The younger age group has been identified as bearing half of the burden of HIV worldwide. This includes secondary-school children.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to determine the awareness and Knowledge of senior secondary-school (SSS) students concerning HIV/AIDS.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among SSS students in Zaria, Kaduna state, Nigeria. Respondents were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested, semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to represent univariate level data, whereas chi-square and Fisher’s exact test where applicable were used to identify the relationship between knowledge of HIV and other categorical variables with a level of significance of P < .05.

Results:
The mean age (± SD) of respondents was 16.1 ± 1.1 years. All (100%) of the respondents were aware of HIV/AIDS. The majority of the respondents knew HIV/AIDS was caused by a virus (89%). Almost a quarter of the respondents (22.1%) believed that antibiotics can prevent HIV. The mean (±SD) knowledge score was 80.5 (± 15.8) out of a total of 100%. Overall, 62 (84.9%) of the respondents had good knowledge of HIV/AIDS. There was a statistically significant relationship between knowledge and tribe as well as the religion of the respondents (P = 0.008 and P = .016, respectively). No statistically significant relationship was found between knowledge and other sociodemographic factors (P > .05).

Conclusion:
HIV/AIDS awareness and knowledge were good among respondents though some misconceptions still existed. Respondent’s tribe was significantly associated with the level of knowledge of HIV/AIDS. The school authorities and all other concerned agencies should design campaigns targeted at correcting specific misconceptions and gaps in knowledge for the benefit of the students in the study area and the country at large.
Assessing Current and Preferred Sources of Information on Adolescents’ Sexual and Reproductive Health in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Agu Chibuike I. , Mbachu Chinyere O. , Agu Ifunanya C. , Okeke Chinyere , Ndubuisi Mildred N. , Ezumah Nkoli , Onwujekwe Obinna E. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Although there are numerous information on sexual and reproductive health (SRH), these vary in content and quality.

Objectives:
This study examined the sources of SRH information, its value, and their significance for adolescent health programming.

Materials and Methods:
This was a mixed methods, community-based study conducted in six local government areas. Quantitative data were collected from 1057 unmarried adolescents aged 13–18 years. The qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews (IDIs), and focus group discussions (FGDs). Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed for quantitative data using Stata software, while thematic framework approach was used to analyze qualitative data.

Results:
Adolescents reported school teachers (60.5%) and mothers (39.8%) as their major sources of information on signs of puberty. While, teachers (36.3%) and friends/peers (29.8%) were reported as their major source of information on relationship with opposite sex. Bivariate analysis shows that gender had statistically significant associations with parents/guardians (P < 0.001), other family members (P < 0.001), and friends (P = 0.01) as adolescents’ sources of information about relationship with opposite sex. Age category was found to be statistically significant associated with other family members (P < 0.001), teachers (P < 0.01), and friends (P < 0.001) as adolescents’ sources of information about puberty. Other common sources of SRH information elicited through adolescents’ interviews were internet, social media and mass media. Most adolescents valued information from teachers and parents, but preferred receiving SRH information from their friends/peers, social media and mass media because these sources are easy to access with a guarantee of some level of confidentiality. In the opinion of parents and other stakeholders, sources of appropriate SRH information for adolescents were health workers, teachers, parents and adult family members; whereas peers/friends and social media were considered as inappropriate sources of SRH information for adolescents.

Conclusion:
Efforts at addressing adolescents’ needs for SRH information should be targeted at their valued and preferred sources, whilst maintaining a delicate balance with the expectations of parents and other adults.