bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conclusions
Authors: Raphals Lisa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Conclusions chapter surveys the arguments of the book, which link treatments of the body and embodiment to accounts of the heart–mind and self-cultivation. They offer new perspectives on mind–body dualism and suggest a tripartite structure of the person, in which the heart–mind and spirit are distinct capacities and do not align in a dualist manner. The spirit-centered texts treated here present compelling evidence that the heart–mind and spirit cannot be reduced to a dualist relation to the body, which itself is complex and multivocal. An alternative is a more nuanced position that recognizes some degree of dualism as fundamental but does not reduce understandings of personhood, cognition, and the like to it. Three brief examples of some implications of this inquiry are presented in three areas: a reconsideration of the categories of inner and outer; questions of the persistence of personal identity; and embodiment.
Tiffany’s
Authors: Barrios Richard 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Now a full-fledged star, Monroe was cast in one of her defining roles: Lorelei Lee in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. As directed by Howard Hawks and choreographed by Jack Cole, Monroe and Jane Russell shone in both the comedic and the musical sequences. With “Diamonds Are a GIrl’s Best Friend,” Monroe moved from star to icon. Fox quickly put her in another high-profile role in the CinemaScope comedy How to Marry a Millionaire, and again she proved herself a deft performer as well as a magnetic screen presence. She closed out the triumphant year of 1953 with her only “dramatic” television appearance, in a sketch on The Jack Benny Program.
Thinking Like a Physical Organic Chemist
Authors: Bachrach Steven M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Physical organic chemists’ thinking revolutionized organic chemistry. Their model of the reaction mechanism completely changed how all organic chemists approached the identification and synthesis of new molecules. Classic physical organic chemistry experiments and their interpretation are presented in a way to display their exquisite design and philosophy. The emphasis is on how organic chemists construct models to predict the world of organic chemistry. The book helps the student in an organic chemistry class create their own chemical intuition. For the nonspecialist, the book generalizes the logic of physical organic chemistry so that these concepts can be utilized in other disciplines.
The Making of American Buddhism
Authors: Mitchell Scott A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Making of American Buddhism tells the story of how Japanese Americans in the 1950s made possible American Buddhism. Using the Berkeley Bussei, a Buddhist magazine published from 1939 to 1960, as a case study, the book demonstrates how Japanese American Buddhists argued that Buddhism was both what made them good Americans and what they had to contribute to America—a rational and scientific religion of peace. Such rhetorical constructions of Buddhist modernism were common at midcentury, and this study centers American Jōdo Shinshū Buddhists in this history. Boldly claiming an American Buddhist identity, even in the face of racial and religious discrimination, they created communities, published magazines, and hosted scholarly conventions and translation projects. In short, Nisei Buddhists built religious infrastructure. Without this infrastructure, the Buddhist modernists and Beat Generation writers who are often credited with popularizing Buddhism in the later twentieth century would not have had places to publish their ideas and communities in which to learn Buddhist practice. D. T. Suzuki, Alan Watts, Jack Kerouac, and Gary Snyder, all of whom make appearances in the Berkeley Bussei, were supported by or connected to the Nisei Buddhist community. This book recenters their experiences and the unseen labor that ultimately made possible American Buddhism.
Breaking Ground
Authors: Spalding Rose J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Natural resource extraction, once promoted by international lenders and governing elites as a promising development strategy, is beginning to hit a wall. After decades of landscape-gutting and community resistance, mine developers and their allies are facing new challenges. The outcomes of anti-mining mobilization have varied, as increased payments, episodic coercion, and international pressures have deflected production disruptions. But operational space is narrowing in the extractive sector, as evidenced by the growing adoption of mining bans, moratoria, suspensions, and standoffs. This book tells the story of how that happened. Using controlled comparison and historical analysis of gold mining in four country case studies, Breaking Ground argues that resource politics are shaped by the interaction of three elements: elite preferences, social movement networking, and state institutional permeability. Mapping the distinctive patterns found in each case study, this book develops an innovative theory of when anti-mining efforts are likely to fail and when they are likely to succeed. It examines mining conflict in new extraction zones and reactivated territories—places where “mining as destiny” is a contested idea—and challenges deterministic assumptions about the “commodities consensus” in Latin America. Expanding the analysis of resource governance to include divergent trajectories, this book traces movement not just toward but also away from extractivism. It explores how people living in targeted communities frame their concerns about the impacts of mining and organize to protect local voice and the environment. Then it unpacks the emerging array of policy responses, including those that turn away from the extraction model.
Mining Reform in Latin America
Authors: Spalding Rose J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Chapter 7 reviews the mining policy trajectories examined in the four case studies, and distills the findings into four models of extractivist policy. It then takes up the question about how new international instruments, including bilaal investment treaties and free trade agreements, increase the penalties for states that back away from investor-friendly rules. Briefly summarizing the three arbitration cases filed with the World Bank’s International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) that challenged new mining restrictions in Central America, this chapter concludes that investor-state dispute settlement mechanisms complicate the adoption of mining restrictions in the post-neoliberal era but do not prevent their approval. In spite of these legal pressures, increased organizing around environmental concerns and the growing call for indigenous rights and community-level consultation have allowed mining reform movements to survive and regroup. Changes being made on multiple fronts suggest that the future of environmental governance will not simply replicate the past.
Introduction
Authors: Ho Christina S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This chapter introduces the main problem that the book identifies: the problem in US discourse of the de-normalization of the right to health and the functional consequence of that de-normalization in disadvantaging health interests when they conflict with competing values. The chapter sets out the overall plan of the book and explains how each chapter functions to advance the book’s purpose. It also positions the book’s argument in relation to four common myths that have heretofore stymied the argument for health rights in the United States: the documentary premise privileging only those rights mentioned expressly in the Constitution, the centering of courts over legislatures as rights-champions, the false binary of negative liberties versus affirmative rights, and the admittedly systemic character of key state duties in the health domain, which nevertheless should not be used to dismiss the important role of health rights. This chapter explains how these myths have been selectively used to marginalize arguments for a right to health, even as Lochnerian rights have long garnered recognition. The chapter concludes by providing a working definition of the right to health consistent with Norm Daniels’s usage of the term, one which emphasizes the continuities between the right to health and the right to healthcare.
Epilogue
Authors: Ho Christina S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This chapter concludes the book with a few words situating the project relative to the problems and temper of the current times. It opposes the book’s project to the rival project of infusing Lochnerian content of an economic libertarian cast throughout the US legal system without basis in positive law. The chapter also serves as a call to readers insofar as the false necessity of the neo-Lochnerian project and the false condemnation of the health rights project as impossible are self-fulfilling. The project of a right to the health in the United States requires belief in its own possibility, in other words, a normalization of the right to health project so that there is energy and room to invest in greater realization.
Frame Setters and Microvariation of Subject-Initial Verb Second
Authors: Greco Ciro , Haegeman Liliane 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe chapter focuses on V3 patterns in West Flemish in which a subject-initial noninverted V2 clause is preceded by an adverbial adjunct which modifies temporal or modal coordinates of the associated clause, in apparent violation of the V2 constraint. The pattern is not available in many other varieties of Dutch, including Standard Dutch. The chapter summarizes the main distributional and interpretive properties of the initial constituent, focusing among other things on the fact that for its interpretation, the initial adjunct cannot be reconstructed to a clause internal position. Based on the distributional and interpretive properties of the initial constituent, it is argued that these V3 patterns are in line with V2 syntax because the initial constituent is extrasentential. The chapter develops the discourse syntax for main clause external constituents.
Why Is It So? An Analysis of the V3 Cases aftersíin Old Italian
Authors: Poletto Cecilia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, I analyze specific sets of V3 where the second constituent is the adverb sí “so” in Old Italian. This construction is used as a picklock to show that the type of V2 phenomenology found in this language is peculiar. Old Italian V2 is different from what has been assumed in the literature for Germanic, since it appears to obey pragmatic restrictions in addition to the well-studied syntactic ones. In order to show this, I analyze sí has a deictic component, as its etymological source suggests. As such, it can function as a resumptive adverb for scene-setting elements, in particular temporal and consecutive embedded clauses.
Frank Buckland (1826–1880) and Henry Parry Liddon (1829–1890)
Authors: James Serenhedd 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
When Frank Buckland went up to Christ Church, Oxford, in 1844, he took his animals with him; his later adult expertise made him the most sought-after authority on zoology of his age. Drawing on contemporary literature and archival material, this chapter examines the possible influence of Buckland and his famous menagerie on his peers, particularly on Henry Parry Liddon—a member of the then-emerging Anglo-Catholic party within the Church of England—and by extension on Lewis Carroll and his anthropomorphic literary themes. In Liddon’s opposition to vivisection at Oxford in Convocation in 1885 it is possible to trace the influence of the youthful pleasure of the company of Buckland’s creatures; in turn, both he and Carroll have silently influenced many for whom the debate on vivisection at Oxford stands as an early touchstone of engagement with the issue of animal experimentation within the academy.
Incubating Communism in the Netherlands East Indies
Authors: Hongxuan Lin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores how both Islam and Communism motivated participants in the 1926–27 uprisings against Dutch rule. It identifies the conditions facilitating the admixture of Islamic and Communist ideas that moved ordinary folk to risk their lives, and explains why these ideas were so potent. Working backward from the uprisings, it examines numerous vernacular newspapers that explicitly theorized compatibility between Islam and Communism. Two newspapers in particular, Djago! Djago! and Pemandangan Islam, showcase the sophistication of Islamic Communist discourse. This chapter then examines the PKI’s engagement with Islam, paying special attention to the discursive contributions of women. It ends with an analysis of two anticolonial novels authored by Communists with clear Islamic sensibilities. Holistically, it highlights various modalities of conciliation between Islam and Communism, their sophistry and appeal, and the historical conditions that made conciliation possible.
A Critical Ummah, a Conscious Proletariat
Authors: Hongxuan Lin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
During the parliamentary democracy period (1950–59), Indonesians were deeply invested in the idea of cultivating an Indonesian national community that would organically develop its own way forward in an uncertain postwar world. Their desires for a “critical” ummah or a “conscious” proletariat militated against blindly accepting whatever the local Imam said in the mosque on Friday, or uncritically believing whatever Pravda printed. Instead, the discursive climate of parliamentary democracy encouraged intellectual independence and inquiry, allowing pious Muslims to explore and selectively incorporate Marxist ideas, while also allowing avowed Marxists to formulate distinctly Indonesian approaches to socialism. This chapter examines confluences of Islam and Marxism both within and without parliament, among the republican elite and the nascent middle class, and in fiction as well as reality. Sources used include books published by Masjumi parliamentarians, transcripts of debates held in the Constitutional Assembly, memoirs of pious Communists, newspapers affiliated with minor Marxist parties and civil society organizations, as well as 1950s Islamic poetry and leftist arts magazines.
Ideal Theory: What It Was
Authors: Schmidtz David 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Philosophers and political theorists recently have had a common project: to reflect on the merits of realism and idealism in political theory. No one opposes being realistic or idealistic per se. The serious question is, what would make one attempt to articulate ideals better than another? Let’s say realism studies the human condition as it is, while idealism studies the human condition as it could be. Thus described, realism and idealism are compatible. No one objects to studying the human condition—as it is or as it could be. What divides scholars is not whether to theorize about ideals, but how to do it competently.
Navigating the Terrain of Reasons
Authors: Schmidtz David 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
There are reasons for doubting the validity of what the author called “The Argument” that ends are reasons for the actions that serve them. Some are more cogent than other others. For example, consider that beliefs about means—end relations are sometimes not merely mistaken but seemingly crazy. Bill believes he has inherited the fortune of a foreign prince he never heard of; all he needs to do is to give his credit card information to an internet stranger. Does Bill have a reason to give a stranger access to his credit card? The author considers, in turn, problems posed by immoral ends, crazy ends, overridden ends, underdescribed ends, mistaken beliefs, and the selection of means to ends that serve the end well enough even though better means were available.
Ecological Justice
Authors: Schmidtz David 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Humanity lives in a sea of politics as fish live in water. The human ecological niche is inherently political. That people decide for themselves (and, therefore, cooperating requires negotiation) is a political fact. People share an interest in avoiding collision but otherwise have destinations of their own. Justice, even as an ideal, is never about pretending otherwise. Since people began to settle in large communities, being of one mind has not been an option. Even diverse ideas about how to resolve conflict are a source of conflict. And, disturbing though it may be for a theorist to admit it, theories do not help. It is a political fact that everyone lives among people who have theories of their own, who do not find each other’s theories compelling, and who are perfectly aware that there is no reason why they should.
Toward a Realist Morality
Authors: Schmidtz David 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Plato had a conception of justice somewhat unlike ours. While justice was about what people are due, it also was a properly functional relation of parts to a whole. Justice within a person was a matter of parts of a soul staying in their proper place. Justice within a polis was a matter of citizens minding their own business and tending to their proper roles within society. This conception may seem archaic now, yet it retains some resonance and Plato’s conception is recognizably as an ancestor of the present conception. No one is justly tasked with doing everything worth doing. Instead, in a thriving society, people develop specialties: plumbers have a job, teachers have a job, and the rest depend on them to internalize role-specific standards of excellence and integrity. In any case, for Plato, justice is a matter of people staying in their lanes.
Occupation without Exit #2
Authors: Pinfold Rob Geist 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This chapter scrutinizes Israel’s non-withdrawal from the Golan Heights. The territory represents a paradox, in that it lacks the West Bank’s holy sites and multiple Israeli administrations have negotiated to return the territory to Syria. Yet Israel annexed the entire Golan in 1981, thereby operationalizing an intent to never leave the territory. Thus, Israeli policy in the Golan has been more intransigent and hard-line than any of the other cases examined here, including the West Bank. In explaining this research puzzle, this chapter demonstrates that Israel’s non-exit from the Golan is entirely rational. Compared to the cases of exit examined here, the international arena exerted demonstrably less pro-withdrawal pressure. Within the bilateral arena, neither Israel nor Syria felt the status quo was particularly costly or a withdrawal’s benefits particularly high. Correspondingly, domestic opinion remained hard-line, with the lack of a pro-withdrawal majority exerting critical agency in averting an Israeli withdrawal.
Background 1
Authors: Stein Nathanael 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Desiderata for a theory of causality are extracted from Aristotle’s criticisms of his predecessors’ views. These are varied, and many of them have to do with the kinds of appearance/reality distinctions he thinks they draw. A common source of many of the defects he sees in their views is what we may call explanatory reductionism, which assumes that any legitimate causal explanation must somehow appeal to a special metaphysics, typically in the form of a special ontology and a privileged relationship to such an ontology. Aristotle thinks that this kind of reductionism does not yield the kind of explanatory power its proponents think it does, and that the entities and relationships they posit are not metaphysically adequate to ground the phenomena.
Causes, Kinds, and Transformations
Authors: Stein Nathanael 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aristotle does not specify a category for causes and effects, but his theory of categories allows him to frame a relatively compact range of phenomena that are subject to intrinsic causal explanation, which we can label Transformations, Beings, and Activities. He distinguishes between pre-theoretical and theoretical definitions for a wide range of explananda, and the theoretical definitions are to be framed in terms of causes. This is made clear by examining the two different discussions of change, one in Physics book III and one in Physics book V. The book V discussion deals with change in a pre-theoretical way, and it shows how they are to be given pre-theoretical definitions. The book III discussion deals with change using the concepts of natural science, and it shows how to give theoretical definitions of changes. Aristotle follows precisely this model in other works such as the Meteorology.
Liberal Freedom Is Not the Issue
Authors: Hussein Waheed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Chapter 2 develops and defends the “institutional perspective,” as a way of thinking about markets, distinguishing it from questions about liberal freedom, private property, and other broadly Lockean accounts of the nature of economic power. It explains the ways in which a market is to be understood as an institution, showing that market processes are the exercise by individuals of institutionally conferred powers, and explains the relation between such institutional powers and the protection of basic liberties that are fundamental to the moral assessment of social institutions. Some of the institutionally defined powers that citizens exercise in a market society are constitutive of the basic liberties. As such, economic institutions must incorporate certain features, such as the powers of personal property and certain forms of authority with regard to purchasing decisions. But once the basic liberties have been secured, economic institutions in a modern liberal democracy must answer to a different justifying rationale. Once personal property and the types of property that are central to financial markets are distinguished in this way, the importance of personal property to liberty does not provide a compelling argument in favor of an unrestricted role for markets. It introduces and defends the “indifference thesis” according to which the requirements of freedom do not dictate specific economic arraignments.
Social Coordination through a Dynamical System
Authors: Hussein Waheed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Chapter 3 discusses the idea that an advanced market economy is a coordination mechanism. When members of a political community adhere to the requirements of the arrangement, their production activities and consumption activities form a dynamical system, one that constantly adjusts and readjusts to changing circumstances in order to maintain a pattern that is economically efficient (i.e., Pareto optimal). The process of adjustment works through prices, which constantly change the option sets open to individuals so as to draw them into efficient patterns. But these changing option sets draw individuals into patterns of activity in a way that bypasses their private judgments about the merits of these patterns.
Authoritarianism in a Coordination Mechanism
Authors: Hussein Waheed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Chapter 4 discusses the idea that the changing option sets generated by market processes draw individuals into patterns in a way that bypasses their private judgments about the merits of these patterns. The chapter explains why this judgment-bypassing process raises three distinctive moral problems: First, there is a lack of reason sensitivity, because people are channeled into activities contrary to their own reasons. Second, it violates the requirement of transparency, because nobody is in a position to understand the reasons that they are being directed in particular ways. Third, it undermines the trustworthiness of market arrangements, because participants in them have no reason to expect that they will be directed in appropriate ways. Together, these make the process objectionably authoritarian, even in the absence of a central planner directing everyone’s activities.