bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of yeast species and processing on intestinal microbiota of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fed soybean meal-based diets in seawater
Authors: Agboola Jeleel O. , Rocha Sérgio D. C. , Mensah Dominic D. , Hansen Jon Ø. , Øyås Ove , Lapeña David , Mydland Liv T. , Arntzen Magnus Ø. , Horn Svein J. , Øverland Margareth 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundYeasts are gaining attention as alternative ingredients in aquafeeds. However, the impact of yeast inclusion on modulation of intestinal microbiota of fish fed plant-based ingredients is limited. Thus, the present study investigates the effects of yeast and processing on composition, diversity and predicted metabolic capacity of gut microbiota of Atlantic salmon smolt fed soybean meal (SBM)-based diet. Two yeasts,Cyberlindnera jadinii(CJ) andWickerhamomyces anomalus(WA), were produced in-house and processed by direct heat-inactivation with spray-drying (ICJ and IWA) or autolyzed at 50 °C for 16 h, followed by spray-drying (ACJ and AWA). In a 42-day feeding experiment, fish were fed one of six diets: a fishmeal (FM)-based diet, a challenging diet with 30% SBM and four other diets containing 30% SBM and 10% of each of the four yeast products (i.e., ICJ, ACJ, IWA and AWA). Microbial profiling of digesta samples was conducted using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the predicted metabolic capacities of gut microbiota were determined using genome-scale metabolic models.ResultsThe microbial composition and predicted metabolic capacity of gut microbiota differed between fish fed FM diet and those fed SBM diet. The digesta of fish fed SBM diet was dominated by members of lactic acid bacteria, which was similar to microbial composition in the digesta of fish fed the inactivated yeasts (ICJ and IWA diets). Inclusion of autolyzed yeasts (ACJ and AWA diets) reduced the richness and diversity of gut microbiota in fish. The gut microbiota of fish fed ACJ diet was dominated by the genusPediococcusand showed a predicted increase in mucin O-glycan degradation compared with the other diets. The gut microbiota of fish fed AWA diet was highly dominated by the familyBacillaceae.ConclusionsThe present study showed that dietary inclusion of FM and SBM differentially modulate the composition and predicted metabolic capacity of gut microbiota of fish. The inclusion of inactivated yeasts did not alter the modulation caused by SBM-based diet. Fish fed ACJ diet increased relative abundance ofPediococcus,and mucin O-glycan degradation pathway compared with the other diets.
Preoperative prediction of Ki-67 status in invasive breast carcinoma using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging
Authors: EL-Metwally Dina , Monier Dalia , Hassan Amany , Helal Amira Mohamed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The Ki-67 is a beneficial marker of tumor aggressiveness. It is proliferation index that has been used to distinguish luminal B from luminal A breast cancers. By fast progress in quantitative radiology modalities, tumor biology and genetics can be assessed in a more accurate, predictive, and cost-effective method. The aim of this study was to assess the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging in prediction of Ki-67 status in patients with invasive breast carcinoma estimate cut off values between breast cancer with high Ki-67 status and those with low Ki-67 status.

Results
Cut off ADC (apparent diffusion co-efficient) value of 0.657 mm2/s had 96.4% sensitivity, 75% specificity and 93.8% accuracy in differentiating cases with high Ki67 from those with low Ki67. Cut off maximum enhancement value of 1715 had 96.4% sensitivity, 75% specificity and 93.8% accuracy in differentiating cases with high Ki67 from those with low Ki67. Cut off washout rate of 0.73 I/S had 60.7% sensitivity, 75% specificity and 62.5% accuracy in differentiating cases with high Ki67 from those with low Ki67. Cut off time to peak value of 304 had 71.4% sensitivity, 75% specificity and 71.9% accuracy in differentiating cases with high Ki67 from those with low Ki67.

Conclusions
ADC, time to peak and maximum enhancement values had high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in differentiating breast cancer with high Ki-67 status from those with low Ki-67 status.
Creating implementable clinical practice guidelines: the 2020 Focused Updates to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Asthma Management Guidelines
Authors: Shero Susan T. , Ammary-Risch Neyal J. , Lomotan Edwin A. , Mardon Russell E. , Michaels Maria 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The 2020 Focused Updates to the Asthma Management Guidelines: A Report from the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Coordinating Committee Expert Panel Working Group provides the first new clinical practice recommendations from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) since the previous 2007 asthma management guidelines. Guideline implementability was a high priority for the expert panel, and many approaches were undertaken to enhance the implementability of this clinical guideline update.
Within the report, specific implementation guidance sections provide expanded summaries for each recommendation to quickly assist users. The implementation guidance incorporates findings from NHLBI-sponsored focus groups conducted with people who have asthma, caregivers, and health care providers. The findings were used to identify the types of information and tools that individuals with asthma, their caregivers, and their health care providers would find most helpful; ensure that the new asthma guidelines reflect the voices of individuals with asthma and their caregivers; and identify potential barriers to uptake by individuals with asthma and their caregivers. The expert panel used a GRADE-based approach to develop evidence-to-decision tables that provided a framework for assessing the evidence and consideration of a range of contextual factors that influenced the recommendations such as desirable and undesirable effects, certainty of evidence, values, balance of effects, acceptability, feasibility, and equity. To facilitate uptake in clinical care workflow, selected recommendations were converted into structured, computer-based clinical decision support artifacts, and the new recommendations were integrated into existing treatment tables used in the 2007 asthma management guidelines, with which many users are familiar. A comprehensive approach to improve guidelines dissemination and implementation included scientific publications, patient materials, media activities, stakeholder engagement, and professional education.

Conclusion
We developed evidence-based clinical practice guideline updates for asthma management focused on six topic areas. The guideline development processes and implementation and dissemination activities undertaken sought to enhance implementability by focusing on intrinsic factors as described by Kastner, Gagliardi, and others to produce usable, adoptable, and adaptable guidelines. Enhanced collaboration during guideline development between authors, informaticists, and implementation scientists may facilitate the development of tools that support the application of recommendations to further improve implementability.
Study of serum bisphenol-A and the mRNA of galactosidase beta 1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zanet Yasmin Ibrahim , Hashem Enayat Mohamed , Dessouky Mohammed Naguib , Megalla Magdy Helmy , Dessouky Iman Samy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) originates from multiple tissue defects. Environmental pollutants such like endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have lately gotten special attention in triggering the metabolic abnormalities in relation to insulin resistance and T2DM. Bisphenol-A (BPA), which is one of the EDCs and simulates natural endogenous estrogens, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, and, over the last decade, it has been revealed to have probable diabetogenic and obesogenic actions.

Aim
To study the environmental exposure of BPA by measuring its serum level together with the relative expression level of galactosidase beta 1 (GLB1), tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) mRNAs and malondialdehyde (MDA) as an oxidative stress marker determine the association of these markers with the glycemic control of Egyptian patients having T2DM.

Patients and methods
The present study was conducted on 90 participants categorized into group 1: 60 patients with T2DM and group 2: 30 subjects with normal glucose tolerance. Serum BPA levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, and biochemical determinations were done by standard protocols. Because of the pro-oxidizing role of BPA, we measured serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as an oxidative stress marker. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used for detecting the gene expression changes in GLB1 mRNA, a major marker of cellular senescence, and the mRNA of the proinflammatory cytokine, TNF-α.

Results
Serum levels of BPA in T2DM patients were significantly higher compared to their control group, and they were significantly and positively correlated to poor glycemic control and insulin resistance. T2DM patients showed significantly high serum MDA, mRNA levels of GLB1, and TNF-α. There was positive correlation between serum BPA levels and oxidative stress marker, senescence indicator, and inflammatory marker; however, there was no statistical significance for this correlation.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that there is a link between increased serum BPA levels, poor glycemic control, and insulin resistance in Egyptian patients with T2DM.
Statistical Approaches for Establishing Appropriate Immunogenicity Assay Cut Points: Impact of Sample Distribution, Sample Size, and Outlier Removal
Authors: Garlits John , McAfee Sean , Taylor Jessica-Ann , Shum Enoch , Yang Qi , Nunez Emily , Kameron Kristina , Fenech Keilah , Rodriguez Jacqueline , Torri Albert , Chen Jihua , Sumner Giane , Partridge Michael A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe statistical assessments needed to establish anti-drug antibody (ADA) assay cut points (CPs) can be challenging for bioanalytical scientists. Poorly established CPs that are too high could potentially miss treatment emergent ADA or, when set too low, result in detection of responses that may have no clinical relevance. We evaluated 16 validation CP datasets generated with ADA assays at Regeneron’s bioanalytical laboratory and compared results obtained from different CP calculation tools. We systematically evaluated the impact of various factors on CP determination including biological and analytical variability, number of samples for capturing biological variability, outlier removal methods, and the use of parametric vs. non-parametric CP determination. In every study, biological factors were the major component of assay response variability, far outweighing the contribution from analytical variability. Non-parametric CP estimations resulted in screening positivity in drug-naïve samples closer to the targeted rate (5%) and were less impacted by skewness. Outlier removal using the boxplot method with an interquartile range (IQR) factor of 3.0 resulted in screening positivity close to the 5% targeted rate when applied to entire drug-naïve dataset. In silico analysis of CPs calculated using different sample sizes showed that using larger numbers of individuals resulted in CP estimates closer to the CP of the entire population, indicating a larger sample size (~ 150) for CP determination better represents the diversity of the study population. Finally, simpler CP calculations, such as the boxplot method performed in Excel, resulted in CPs similar to those determined using complex methods, such as random-effects ANOVA.
Graphical Abstract
Intraoperative Electroencephalography Alpha-Band Power Is a Better Proxy for Preoperative Low MoCA Under Propofol Compared With Sevoflurane
Authors: Guessous K. , Touchard C. , Glezerson B. , Levé C. , Sabbagh D. , Mebazaa A. , Gayat E. , Paquet C. , Vallée F. , Cartailler J. 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Preoperative abnormal cognitive status is a risk factor for postoperative complications yet remains underdiagnosed. During propofol general anesthesia, intraoperative electroencephalography (EEG) variables, such as alpha band power (α-BP), correlate with cognitive status. This relationship under sevoflurane is unclear. We investigated whether EEG biomarkers of poor cognitive status found under propofol could be extended to sevoflurane.

METHODS:
In this monocentric prospective observational study, 106 patients with intraoperative EEG monitoring were included (propofol/sevoflurane = 55/51). We administered the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale to identify abnormal cognition (low MoCA) 1 day before intervention. EEG variables included delta to beta frequency band powers. Results were adjusted to age and drug dosage. We assessed depth of anesthesia (DoA) using the spectral edge frequency (SEF95) and maintained it within (8–13) Hz.

RESULTS:
The difference in α-BP between low and normal MoCA patients was significantly larger among propofol patients (propofol: 4.3 ± 4.8 dB versus sevoflurane: 1.5 ± 3.4 dB, P = .022). SEF95 and age were not statistically different between sevoflurane and propofol groups. After adjusting to age and dose, low α-BP was significantly associated with low MoCA under propofol (odds ratio [OR] [confidence interval {CI}] = 0.39 [0.16–0.94], P = .034), but not under sevoflurane, where theta-band power was significantly associated with low MoCA (OR [CI] = 0.31 [0.13–0.73], P = .007).

CONCLUSIONS:
We suggest that intraoperative EEG biomarkers of abnormal cognition differ between propofol and sevoflurane under general anesthesia.
Cellular effects of NAT-mediated histone N-terminal acetylation
Authors: Constantinou Mamantia , Klavaris Ariel , Koufaris Costas , Kirmizis Antonis 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Histone acetylation involves the addition of acetyl groups to specific amino acid residues. This chemical histone modification is broadly divided into two types – acetylation of the amino group found on the side chain of internal lysine residues (lysine acetylation) or acetylation of the α-amino group at the N-terminal amino acid residue (N-terminal acetylation). Although the former modification is considered a classic epigenetic mark, the biological importance of N-terminal acetylation has been mostly overlooked in the past, despite its widespread occurrence and evolutionary conservation. However, recent studies have now conclusively demonstrated that histone N-terminal acetylation impacts important cellular processes, such as controlling gene expression and chromatin function, and thus ultimately affecting biological phenotypes, such as cellular ageing, metabolic rewiring and cancer. In this Review, we provide a summary of the literature, highlighting current knowledge on the function of this modification, as well as allude to open questions we expect to be the focus of future research on histone N-terminal acetylation.
An ‘instinct for learning’: the learning flights and walks of bees, wasps and ants from the 1850s to now
Authors: Collett Thomas S. , Hempel de Ibarra Natalie 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTThe learning flights and walks of bees, wasps and ants are precisely coordinated movements that enable insects to memorise the visual surroundings of their nest or other significant places such as foraging sites. These movements occur on the first few occasions that an insect leaves its nest. They are of special interest because their discovery in the middle of the 19th century provided perhaps the first evidence that insects can learn and are not solely governed by instinct. Here, we recount the history of research on learning flights from their discovery to the present day. The first studies were conducted by skilled naturalists and then, over the following 50 years, by neuroethologists examining the insects’ learning behaviour in the context of experiments on insect navigation and its underlying neural mechanisms. The most important property of these movements is that insects repeatedly fixate their nest and look in other favoured directions, either in a preferred compass direction, such as North, or towards preferred objects close to the nest. Nest facing is accomplished through path integration. Memories of views along a favoured direction can later guide an insect's return to its nest. In some ant species, the favoured direction is adjusted to future foraging needs. These memories can then guide both the outward and homeward legs of a foraging trip. Current studies of central areas of the insect brain indicate what regions implement the behavioural manoeuvres underlying learning flights and the resulting visual memories.
Olhares sobre a dislexia, inclusão e a saúde mental na educação superior
Authors: Pereira Mara Dantas , Da Silva Joilson Pereira 
Published: April 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma reflexão teórica sobre a dislexia, inclusão e saúde mental na educação superior. Para tanto, o trabalho foi desenvolvido dentro da abordagem de pesquisa bibliográfica, com a utilização de documentos legisladores, técnicos e científicos. Assim, o texto está organizado em três seções: i) dislexia: características, consequências e seus desafios para o diagnóstico; ii) desafios à inclusão de estudantes disléxicos na educação superior: uma deficiência invisível; e iii) repercussões da dislexia na saúde mental de universitários: caminhos de enfrentamento. O estudo mostrou que a inclusão é um motivo para que a universidade se modernize e os professores aperfeiçoem suas práticas e, assim sendo, acontece a integração de estudantes com dislexia. Nessa direção, a universidade responderá de forma mais adequada aos desafios da inclusão colocados se cuidar dos seus estudantes com dislexia, se apoiar a saúde mental destes indivíduos, abrindo lugares de escuta, palavra e pensamento.
Chrysalis e tempos de paixões tristes: trans-formação e reexistência docente no PRP/UFBA
Authors: Guerra Denise Moura , Macedo Roberto Sidnei 
Published: April 2023

Tomando o presente cenário de políticas de currículo e de formação docente marcado pelo anacronismo e pelo instrumentalismo excludentes, o artigo em pauta, além de caracterizar esse cenário e suas consequências para a formação de professoras(es), realça práticas formacionais progressistas, bem como argumenta em favor de ações autorizantes e generativas, destacando reexistências docentes nas quais emerge um evidente protagonismo de coletivos de professoras(es), transgredindo e ressignificando essas políticas. Descreve e explicita como o Programa Residência Pedagógica (PRP/UFBA) implica coletivos e instituições educacionais com os quais desenvolve seu trabalho de formação e nos quais professoras(es) (re)criam formas outras de experienciar projetos institucionais de formação com experiências autorais de aprendizagem. No seu veio argumentativo, este escrito demonstra também como, nessas ações, professoras(es) intercriticizam, ressignificam e transformam políticas de currículo e formação. Nesses termos, experimentam o debate sobre suas implicações teórico-metodológicas, com as quais produzem suas formações, ao mesmo tempo em que afirmam que vidas docentes em formação importam.
Dietary effects of supplementation of cattle stick Carpolobia lutea leaf on growth and reproductive indices of male and female Clarias gariepinus broodstock
Authors: Olusola Sunday Emmanuel , Aladegboye Charles Abiodun , Amulejoye Folasade Damilola , Ayanboye Abolupe Oluyemi 
Published: April 2023

Males and females broodstock of Clarias gariepinus (mean weight, 884.00±2.83g) were subjected to dietary supplementation of Cattle Stick (Carpolobia lutea) Leaf (CSL) at different inclusion levels of 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% to evaluate the efficacy of the plant for growth performance and fertility enhancer. Clarias gariepinus broodstock (96) were allocated into 12 experimental fibre tanks at 8 fish per tank (4 males and 4 females) fed 40% crude protein at 3% body weight twice daily for 56 days. Each treatment was done in triplicate. Biological evaluation and reproductive indices were measured. There was significant difference (P0.05) in weight gained by fish fed experimental diets. Fish fed experimental diets containing CSL showed significantly higher (P 0.05) reproductive indices compared to the control diet. 0.5% inclusion level of CSL showed better performance in term of growth performance and reproductive indices and may be considered to be the best tolerance inclusion level for growth performance and fertility enhancer. The results of the study indicate that incorporating Cattle stick leaf diets in fish feed at 0.5% may have the potential for growth performance and fertility-enhancing agent in male and female C. gariepinus broodstock.Keywords: Clarias gariepinus, Carpolobia lutea leaf Growth, Reproductive indices, Broodstock
Increased male investment in sperm competition results in reduced maintenance of gametes
Authors: Koppik Mareike , Baur Julian , Berger David 
Published: April 2023

Male animals often show higher mutation rates than their female conspecifics. A hypothesis for this male bias is that competition over fertilization of female gametes leads to increased male investment into reproduction at the expense of maintenance and repair, resulting in a trade-off between male success in sperm competition and offspring quality. Here, we provide evidence for this hypothesis by harnessing the power of experimental evolution to study effects of sexual selection on the male germline in the seed beetleCallosobruchus maculatus.We first show that 50 generations of evolution under strong sexual selection, coupled with experimental removal of natural selection, resulted in males that are more successful in sperm competition. We then show that these males produce progeny of lower quality if engaging in sociosexual interactions prior to being challenged to surveil and repair experimentally induced damage in their germline and that the presence of male competitors alone can be enough to elicit this response. We identify 18 candidate genes that showed differential expression in response to the induced germline damage, with several of these previously implicated in processes associated with DNA repair and cellular maintenance. These genes also showed significant expression changes across sociosexual treatments of fathers and predicted the reduction in quality of their offspring, with expression of one gene also being strongly correlated to male sperm competition success. Sex differences in expression of the same 18 genes indicate a substantially higher female investment in germline maintenance.While more work is needed to detail the exact molecular underpinnings of our results, our findings provide rare experimental evidence for a trade-off between male success in sperm competition and germline maintenance. This suggests that sex differences in the relative strengths of sexual and natural selection are causally linked to male mutation bias. The tenet advocated here, that the allocation decisions of an individual can affect plasticity of its germline and the resulting genetic quality of subsequent generations, has several interesting implications for mate choice processes.