bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O.6.2-3 The Global Observatory for Physical Education (GoPE!): monitoring physical education and physical activity in children and adolescents worldwide
Authors: Martins João , Onofre Marcos , Cristão Rafael , Varela Andrea Ramirez , Pratt Michael , Hallal Pedro C 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
It is estimated that 80% of children and adolescents do not meet the 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (PA) per day to benefit their health.1,2 Strengthening the provision of quality physical education (PE) and PA experiences within schools is a highly recommended policy action.3 Furthermore, there is a gap in monitoring systems of PE&PA at schools, which would contribute to tracking progress and inform decision-making to drive PE&PA policy, action, and research in this population group.4 After 10 years of successful monitoring of adults’ PA by The Global Observatory of Physical Activity (GoPA!), there is an urgent need to complement and initiate high-quality monitoring in children and adolescents. The Global Observatory of Physical Education (GoPE!) will be launched in 2023, therefore, our purpose is to present the GoPE! to the HEPA network.

Project description
Placed within the GoPA!, GoPE!’s main mission is to monitor PE and PA in children and adolescents worldwide. The GoPE! monitoring system will use a set of surveillance, policy, and research standardized indicators to allow countries to initiate, determine and improve their current status and progress around PE and PA. Standardized indicators will be updated every 3-4 years, allowing comparability between countries and world regions. GoPE! will publish the country profiles [GoPE! Country Cards], which are going to be developed following the GoPA! stepwise approach, and will consolidate as an independent evidence and local representatives-based and global surveillance system including the best PE&PA and sports experts, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers.

Conclusions
GoPE! will demonstrate its critical role in facilitating periodic PE&PA surveillance, policy and research data, to inform promotion, advocacy, and agenda-setting efforts to achieve international goals and recommendations. GoPE! and GoPA! will continue to monitor progress to battle the global pandemic of physical inactivity across the life course.

References
1 USDHHS. 2018 PA Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report. Washington: USDHHSD;2018.
2 van Sluijs, E. et al. PA behaviours in adolescence: current evidence and opportunities for intervention. The Lancet. 2021;398(10298):429-442.
3 WHO. GAPPA 2018–2030: more active people for a healthier world. Geneva;2018.
4 WHO. Global status report on PA 2022. Geneva: WHO;2022.
O.6.2-4 Please stop claiming that elite sport influences the general population to practice physical activity!
Authors: Lion Alexis , Vuillemin Anne , Léon Florian , Delagardelle Charles , van Hoye Aurélie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The Paris 2024 Olympic Games Organisation Committee claims that “another impact of the Games on society is reflected in the increase in the practice of sports”. Decision-makers and policymakers still use the trickle-down effect to legitimize spending public money to support elite sport events and/or to finance elite sport programs/athletes. We therefore wanted to investigate if this effect was not a myth.

Methods
We conducted structured Boolean searches across five electronic databases (Pubmed, JSTOR, Web of Sciences, Sportdiscus, and PsycInfo) from January 2000 to August 2021 using the following equation: ((“elite” OR “high level” OR “performance”) OR (“Olympic*” AND *Games”) AND (“sport” OR “athletes” OR “players”)) AND ((“physical activit*” OR “sport” OR “exercise”) AND (“participation” OR “practice”)). We also conducted manual searches using the reference lists of the recovered records. Peer-reviewed studies in English were included if the effects of hosting elite sport events, elite sport success, and elite sport role-modelling on physical activity (PA) or sport practice in the general population were measured.

Results
We identified 12,563 articles and included 36 articles. Most studies used data from the United Kingdom (n = 10), Australia (n = 5), Canada (n = 4), and multiple countries (studies using data from several countries) (n = 4). Seven articles investigated more than one effect of elite sport. Most studies investigated the effect of hosting elite sport events (n = 27), followed by elite sport success (n = 16) and elite sport role-modelling (n = 3). Most studies did not observe an effect of hosting elite sport events, elite sport success, or elite sport role-modelling on PA/sport practice in the general population. We also did not observe any evidence of elite sport effects according to the age range, the geographical scale, or time.

Conclusions
There is no evidence supporting an effect of elite sport in increasing PA or sport participation in the general population. Decision-makers and policymakers should not use the tickle-down effect of elite sport to legitimize spending public money to support elite sport events and/or to finance elite sport programs/athletes. They should invest in other strategies such as those recommended by the World Health Organization.
O.6.2-5 Data infrastructure Sport and Physical Activity: the creation of a thematic classification for indicators
Authors: Duijvestijn Marjolein , Wendel-Vos Wanda 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Accurate facts and figures concerning physical activity are crucial to inform policy decisions. In the Netherlands, a vast amount of data related to this domain is currently available. However, accessing the required information is increasingly challenging. Therefore, the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), in collaboration with several key knowledge institutes, initiated a project to integrate existing data on sport and physical activity into a thematic data-infrastructure.
The key knowledge institutes involved in this project are NOC*NSF, Mulier Institute, the Knowledge Center for Sport and Physical Activity, RIVM, the Dutch Knowledge Center for Injury Prevention, and Statistics Netherlands. These organizations have been responsible for collecting data on 20 key-indicators for sports and physical activity since 2015. Having experts in the domain of sports and physical activity (e.g. research, practice, policy) endorse the thematic data structure was crucial. In total, 99 experts from 27 organizations across the domains of research, practices, and policy were involved in the project. An extensive inventory of existing and new indicators was carried out by the team in collaboration with the experts. The process involved multiple online and live sessions, as well as two consultations with online forms for each theme, resulting in the identification of 12 themes and nearly 400 indicators. These indicators were categorized within each theme based on the relevance assigned by the experts.
In addition, the position of the current set of 20 Key-Indicators was assessed within each theme. Results showed that the set of Key-Indicators was indeed largely still up-to-date. Nevertheless, there is reason to more closely examine and evaluate the current set in the near future.
In the future RIVM will continue to coordinate the sports and physical activity data-infrastructure in the Netherlands by advocating and facilitating harmonized data collection at the national and local level.
O.6.3-6 The effects of an active breaks intervention on physical and cognitive performance: results from the I-MOVE study
Authors: Masini Alice , Marini Sofia , Ceciliani Andrea , Barone Giuseppe , Lanari Marcello , Gori Davide , Bragonzoni Laura , Toselli Stefania , Stagni Rita , Bisi Mariacristina , Sansavini Alessandra , Tessari Alessia , Dallolio Laura 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The present quasi-experimental study aimed to evaluate the effects of active breaks intervention (ABs) to promote physical and cognitive improvement in primary school.

Methods
The active breaks group (ABsG) performed 10 minutes of ABs three times per school day and the control group (CG) did normal lessons. The baseline and follow-up evaluation was conducted respectively in October-2019 and in May-2021. Cognitive performance was assessed using working memory test, physical performance was analysed with ActiGraph accelerometers and physical fitness tests, quality of life was monitored using the Paediatric Quality of Life questionnaire (PedsQL) and classroom behaviour was collected with an ad hoc questionnaire.

Results
We enrolled 153 children (age:7.61±1.41, 54.2% males). Working memory significantly increased in the ABsG (ΔWM:1.30±1.17) than in CG (ΔWM:0.96±1.20). The 6-minutesCooper test increased in the ABsG (Δ:1.77±136.03) but not in CG (Δ:-156.42±187.53) p &lt; 0.05. The weekly PA levels increased in both groups however the sedentary behaviour significantly increased both in ABsG and CG. Children reported improvements in their quality of school life including feeling better in class and in school when using ABs, moreover children improved their time on task behaviours in ABsG.

Conclusion
The present study proven to be effective on children's physical and cognitive performance.
Skeletal Muscle Health, Physical Performance, and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Older Adults: The Study of Muscle, Mobility, and Aging
Authors: Bauer Scott R , Parker-Autry Candace , Lu Kaiwei , Cummings Steven R , Hepple Russell T , Scherzer Rebecca , Covinsky Kenneth , Cawthon Peggy M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and mobility limitations are bidirectionally associated among older adults, but the role of skeletal muscle remains unknown. We evaluated cross-sectional associations of muscle health and physical performance with LUTS.

Methods
We used data from 377 women and 264 men aged &gt;70 years in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). LUTS and urinary bother were assessed using the LURN Symptom Index-10 (SI-10; higher = worse symptoms). Muscle mass and volume were assessed using D3-creatine dilution (D3Cr) and magnetic resonance imaging. Grip strength and peak leg power assessed upper/lower extremity physical performance. 400-m walk, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and Four Square Step Test (FSST) assessed global physical performance. Mobility Assessment Tool-short form (MAT-sf) assessed self-reported mobility. We calculated Spearman correlation coefficients adjusted for age, body mass index, multimorbidity, and polypharmacy, chi-square tests, and Fisher’s Z-test to compare correlations.

Results
Among women, LURN SI-10 total scores were inversely correlated with FSST (rs = 0.11, p = .045), grip strength (rs = −0.15, p = .006), and MAT-sf (rs = −0.18, p = .001), but not other muscle and physical performance measures in multivariable models. LURN SI-10 was not associated with any of these measures among men. Forty-four percent of women in the lowest tertile of 400-m walk speed versus 24% in the highest tertile reported they were at least “somewhat bothered” by urinary symptoms (p &lt; .001), whereas differences among men were not significant.

Conclusions
Balance and grip strength were associated with LUTS severity in older women but not men. Associations with other muscle and physical performance measures varied by LUTS subtype but remained strongest among women.
DAS with telecommunication fibre-optic cable in urban areas can record storm-induced seismic noise
Authors: Shen Junzhu , Zhu Tieyuan 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARY
Extreme weather events threaten life and property in populated areas. Timely and precise weather event monitoring and risk assessment are critical, but can be hampered by limited meteorological stations in cities. Recent studies have shown that seismic stations are sensitive to storm-induced noise. This study aims to investigate the sensitivity of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), a technology capable of turning existing optical fibres into dense seismic sensors, for recording storm-induced seismic noise. We analyse 4-month continuous DAS recordings (June–September 2021) from a 4.2-km-long underground fibre-optic array in State College, PA. We calibrate the DAS data by comparing it to various meteorological data (rainfall and wind speed) from nearby weather stations. We first show DAS-recorded low-frequency wind-induced noise (0.5–8 Hz) probably caused by light poles swaying in the wind, as observed resonant frequencies agree with theoretical natural frequencies of nearby light poles. We find a strong linear correlation between DAS energy and wind speed. We further characterize rain-induced noise. Detailed observations from two rain events: a moderate rain and a heavy rain from Hurricane Ida, suggest that rain-induced noise is not generated by direct raindrops hitting the ground. Instead, the low-frequency noise (2–8 Hz) is attributed to the acoustic noise generated by water flow in stormwater drainage systems. Strong high-frequency noise up to 125 Hz is likely related to the rapid rainwater filling from the surface to the drainage system during heavy rain. We show linear relations between rain-induced DAS energy and rainfall rate, where the slopes of relations are related to the volume of rainwater, suggesting the influence of surface water and rainwater flow in the drainage system on DAS signals. Our results show the possibility of using DAS-equipped pre-existing telecom fibre-optic cables for sensing windstorms and rainstorms in urban areas and their interactions with urban infrastructures.
MeCP2 ubiquitination and sumoylation, in search of a function
Authors: Kalani Ladan , Kim Bo-Hyun , Vincent John B , Ausió Juan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
MeCP2 (Methyl CpG binding protein 2) is an intrinsically disordered protein that binds to methylated genome regions. The protein is a critical transcriptional regulator of the brain, and its mutations account for 95% of Rett syndrome (RTT) cases. Early studies of this neurodevelopmental disorder revealed a close connection with dysregulations of the ubiquitin system (UbS), notably as related to UBE3A, a ubiquitin ligase involved in the proteasome-mediated degradation of proteins. MeCP2 undergoes numerous post-translational modifications (PTMs), including ubiquitination and sumoylation, which, in addition to the potential functional outcomes of their monomeric forms in gene regulation and synaptic plasticity, in their polymeric organization, these modifications play a critical role in proteasomal degradation. UbS-mediated proteasomal degradation is crucial in maintaining MeCP2 homeostasis for proper function and is involved in decreasing MeCP2 in some RTT-causing mutations. However, regardless of all these connections to UbS, the molecular details involved in the signaling of MeCP2 for its targeting by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the functional roles of monomeric MeCP2 ubiquitination and sumoylation remain largely unexplored and are the focus of this review.
Ambient fine particulate matter and breast cancer incidence in a large prospective US cohort
Authors: White Alexandra J , Fisher Jared A , Sweeney Marina R , Freedman Neal D , Kaufman Joel D , Silverman Debra T , Jones Rena R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been inconsistently associated with breast cancer incidence, however, few studies have considered historic exposure when levels were higher.

Methods
Outdoor residential PM2.5 concentrations were estimated using a nationwide spatiotemporal model for women in the National Institutes of Health–AARP Diet and Health Study, a prospective cohort located in 6 states (California, Florida, Louisiana, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania) and 2 metropolitan areas (Atlanta, GA, and Detroit, MI) and enrolled in 1995-1996 (n = 196 905). Annual average PM2.5 concentrations were estimated for a 5-year historical period 10 years prior to enrollment (1980-1984). We used Cox regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and breast cancer incidence overall and by estrogen receptor status and catchment area.

Results
With follow-up of participants through 2017, a total of 15 870 breast cancer cases were identified. A 10 ug/m3 increase in PM2.5 was statistically significantly associated with overall breast cancer incidence (HR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.13). The association was evident for estrogen receptor–positive (HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.17) but not estrogen receptor–negative tumors (HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.84 to 1.13; Pheterogeneity = .3). Overall breast cancer hazard ratios were more than 1 across the catchment areas, ranging from a hazard ratio of 1.26 (95% CI = 0.96 to 1.64) for North Carolina to a hazard ratio of 1.04 (95% CI = 0.68 to 1.57) for Louisiana (Pheterogeneity = .9).

Conclusions
In this large US cohort with historical air pollutant exposure estimates, PM2.5 was associated with risk of estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer. State-specific estimates were imprecise but suggest that future work should consider region-specific associations and the potential contribution of PM2.5 chemical constituency in modifying the observed association.
Utility of a microRNA panel in diagnosis and prognosis of hepatitis C–associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: ALrefai Abeer Ahmed , Rizk Sara Kamal , Khamis Ahmed Kamal , Kasemy Zeinab A , Habieb Mona Salah Eldin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality. Various studies have linked dysregulated microRNA expression to liver cancers, but those related to viral hepatitis–related HCC are limited.

Methods
We investigated the diagnostic and prognostic roles of circulating miR-331-3p, miR-23b-3p, and miR-3194-5p in EDTA-treated blood samples of 50 hepatitis C virus (HCV) HCC patients, 50 HCV cirrhotic patients, and 50 healthy controls using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results
We found that miR-23b-3p and miR-3194-5p were significantly downregulated, whereas miR-331-3p was upregulated in HCC patients compared with controls. Also, these miRNAs were significantly dysregulated in HCC compared with cirrhotic patients. For the diagnosis of HCC, miR-331-3p and the combined miRNAs panel had the highest area under the curve (AUC), followed by miR-3194-5p. The highest AUC for differentiating metastatic from nonmetastatic patients was shown by miR-331-3p and the combined miRNAs panel, followed by miR-23b-3p. Dysregulation of miRNAs was associated with poor clinicopathological manifestations. Finally, miR-331-3P was found to be an independent risk factor for metastatic lesions in HCC.

Conclusion
Overall, the assessed miR-331-3p, miR-23b-3p, and miR-3194-5p were significantly associated with poor clinicopathological features of HCC and could be used to discriminate HCV-related HCC patients from cirrhosis and differentiating metastatic from nonmetastatic patients, primarily miR-331-3p along with combined miRNAs. Moreover, miR-331-3p was found to be an independent factor for metastatic lesions.
Detection of optical emission from the supernova remnant G7.7–3.7
Authors: Domček V , Hernández Santisteban J V , Chiotellis A , Boumis P , Vink J , Akras S , Souropanis D , Zhou P , de Burgos A 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the first optical study of the supernova remnant (SNR) G7.7–3.7, with the aim of determining its evolutionary phase since it has been suggested to be the remnant of SN 386 AD. We obtained narrow-band images in the filters H α + [N ii], H β, [O iii], [S ii] that revealed faint optical emission in the southern region of the SNR consisting of two filaments elongated in the east–west direction aligned with the X-ray emitting region of the remnant. The filaments were seen in H α + [N ii], [O iii] images and marginally in the [S ii] images, with a non-detection in H β. Long-slit spectroscopy of the three regions along one filament revealed large ratios of [S ii]/H α = (1.6–2.5), consistent with that expected for a shock-heated SNR. The [S ii] doublet ratio observed in two of the regions implies an upper limit for the electron density of the gas, with estimates falling below 400 cm−3 and 600 cm−3 in the respective areas. We discuss potential physical mechanisms that formed the observed optical filaments and we suggest that most likely they resulted by a collision of the SNR with a dense circumstellar shell lying at the southern region of the remnant.
Detecting low-mass perturbers in cluster lenses using curved arc bases
Authors: Şengül Atınç Çağan , Birrer Simon , Natarajan Priyamvada , Dvorkin Cora 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Strong gravitationally lensed arcs produced by galaxy clusters have been observationally detected for several decades now. These strong lensing constraints provided high-fidelity mass models for cluster lenses that include substructure down to $10^{9{-}10}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$. Optimizing lens models, where the cluster mass distribution is modelled by a smooth component and subhaloes associated with the locations of individual cluster galaxies, has enabled deriving the subhalo mass function, providing important constraints on the nature and granularity of dark matter. In this work, we explore and present a novel method to detect and measure individual perturbers (subhaloes, line-of-sight haloes, and wandering supermassive black holes) by exploiting their proximity to highly distorted lensed arcs in galaxy clusters, and by modelling the local lensing distortions with curved arc bases. This method offers the possibility of detecting individual low-mass perturber subhaloes in clusters and haloes along the line of sight down to a mass resolution of $10^8\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$. We quantify our sensitivity to low-mass perturbers ($M\sim 10^{7{-}9}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$) in clusters (M ∼ 1014–15 M⊙), by creating realistic mock data. Using three lensed images of a background galaxy in the cluster SMACS J0723, taken by JWST, we study the retrieval of the properties of potential perturbers with masses $M=10^{7{-}9}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$. From the derived posterior probability distributions for the perturber, we constrain its concentration, redshift, and ellipticity. By allowing us to probe lower mass substructures, the use of curved arc bases can lead to powerful constraints on the nature of dark matter as discrimination between dark matter models appears on smaller scales.