bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UV Suppression in photoluminescence emission and improved photocatalytic activity under sunlight in nanoassemblies and nanocrystals of ZnO
Authors: Singh Sarika , Misra Kamakhya Prakash , Sohel Alveera , Sharma Rama 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The objective of present study is to analyse the impact of alterations in the shape and size of ZnO on PL emission and photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures. The study also aims at addressing the knowledge gap between synthesis approach and its role in governing the optical, morphological and photocatalytic behaviour. Here, we report the facile and controlled synthesis of nanoassemblies (NA) and nanocrystals (NC) of ZnO via soft chemical approach. The synthesized ZnO nanostructures were characterized using TEM, SEM, UV–vis and photoluminescence (PL) measurement. The morphology of ZnO is tuned by adjusting the molar ratio of DEG and water whose impact is also noticed on the PL emission spectra. PL analysis revealed that the UV emission (378 nm) and defect levels attributed to Zn interstitial (Zni) and oxygen interstitial (Oi) are stabilized at ambient condition. However, UV band gap emission peak is significantly reduced making it lesser distinct by introducing appropriate amount of water in diethylene glycol (DEG) solvent during ZnO synthesis. Such controlled nanostructured growth demonstrates potential for sustainable photocatalytic activity under both UV and Sunlight irradiation. The study shows 100% photodegradation efficiency for ZnO NA and it get completely irradiated methylene blue dye within 90 min under UV light, whereas only 70% dye is degraded in 100 min for ZnO NC. Under natural Sunlight, ZnO NA has been achieved 97% degradation efficacy in 75 min; however, ZnO NC has degraded only 89% of dye. Further, the degradation of dye over ZnO was observed to follow pseudo first order reaction kinetic model that is used to determine the rate constant of the reaction.
Rate-dependent JKR-type decohesion of a cylindrical punch from an elastic substrate
Authors: Argatov I I , Lyashenko I A , Popov V L 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Recently published experimental data on non-quasistatic detachment of a flat-ended cylindrical punch from an adhesive rubber layer are analyzed in the framework of axisymmetric rate-dependent JKR-type model. The functional dependence of the work of adhesion on the velocity of the contour of contact area is assumed according to the known Gent–Schultz model. The evolution of the variable contact radius as a function of the punch displacement is described by a first-order ordinary differential equation, which possesses the localization property for its solutions, meaning that the detachment occurs at some nonzero contact radius. To facilitate the model fit to experimental force-displacement curve, a computationally efficient analytical approximate solution is suggested. A parametric analysis of the basic case (when the rubber layer is approximated by an elastic half-space) is presented.
Optical and structural properties of H-BN@Gd2O3 nanoflake prepared by laser–induced ablation in liquid
Authors: Mohsin Mayyadah H , Khashan Khawla S , Sulaiman Ghassan M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we reported the synthesis of hexagonal BN, Gd2O3 nanoparticles, and BN@Gd2O3 hybrid nanocomposites by novel laser ablation in liquid. Several analytical techniques including x-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis spectroscopy, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) with Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), and map imaging were used to investigate the structural and optical properties of synthesized nanoparticles. According to FE-SEM and TEM results, FE-SEM images show the formation of h-BN NPs, sheet-like, and spherical nanoparticles, hexagonal-type nanoflake of Gd2O3, and needle-like shapes. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images confirm that the average diameter of all samples is ∼40 nm. However, the length of the nanorods is found to vary from 50 nm to 240 nm. The optical properties studies show that the optical energy gap of h-BN, Gd2O3, and h-BN@Gd2O3 is in the range of (4.5–5.5) eV.
Effect of calcium hypochlorite as an irrigant alternative in the removal of methylene blue after photodynamic therapy under the post-space adhesive interface
Authors: Besegato João Felipe , de Sousa Gomes Costa Joatan Lucas , Zaniboni Joissi Ferrari , Bravo Giovanna Righetti , Morais Jéssika Mayhara Pereira , Escalante-Otárola Wilfredo Gustavo , Kuga Milton Carlos 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We evaluated the effect of irrigation protocols in removing methylene blue after photodynamic therapy (PDT) in post-space dentin. Bond strength to dentin and failure mode after fiber post cementation was also evaluated. Ninety bovine teeth were endodontically treated. Post-space preparation and PDT mediated by 0.01% methylene blue and diode laser (660 nm) were performed. Three irrigations protocols were tested (n = 10): distilled water (DW), 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (SH), and 6% calcium hypochlorite (CH). Other specimens were used to investigate the bond strength to post-space dentin according to the irrigation protocol and the post cementation system used (RelyX U200 cement (RU) and GC Gold Label 1 glass ionomer cement (GC) in six groups (n = 10): DW-RU, SH-RU, CH-RU, DW-GC, SH-GC e CH-GC. Regardless of the post-space third, DW showed a lower incidence of residues than SH (p < 0.05), but similar to CH. SH showed similar results to CH (p > 0.05). Regarding the bond strength, CH-RU and CH-GC showed higher values compared to the other groups (p< 0.05), but similar to each other. No differences were observed between the other groups (p > 0.05). Cohesive was the most predominant failure. 6% CH to remove methylene blue after PDT favors the bond strength of RelyX U200 and GC Gold Label.
Effect of negative triangularity on tearing mode stability in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Yang Xu , Liu Yueqiang , Xu Wei , He Yuling , Xia Guoliang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The influence of negative triangularity (NT) of the plasma shape on the n = 1 (n is the toroidal mode number) tearing mode (TM) stability has been numerically investigated, with results compared to that of the positive triangularity (PT) counterpart. By matching the safety factor profile for a series of toroidal equilibria, several important plasma parameters, including the triangularity, the plasma equilibrium pressure, the plasma resistivity as well as the toroidal rotation, have been varied. The TM localized near the plasma edge is found to be more unstable in the NT plasmas as compared to the PT counterpart. The fundamental reason for this difference is the lack of favorable average curvature stabilization in NT configurations. Direct comparison of the Mercier index corroborates this conclusion. For the core-localized mode, where the difference in the local triangularity between NT and PT becomes small and the curvature stabilization is significantly reduced, larger Shafranov shift in the plasma core associated with the NT configuration results in more stable TM. The plasma toroidal flow generally stabilizes the TM in plasmas with both NTs and PTs. The flow stabilization is however weaker in the case of negative triangularity with finite plasma pressure.
Fast Two-position Initial Alignment of SINS Based on CKF
Authors: Chen Yi , Miao Zhiyong , Li Bing , Hu Shengman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In practical vehicle applications, the initial alignment environment of SINS is more complicated, and the coarse alignment accuracy is not high due to carrier sloshing, which leads to the filtering problem of nonlinear system in fine alignment. The traditional two-position alignment method based on EKF is no longer applicable. In this paper, a fast two-position alignment method of SINS based on CKF is proposed. Use two CKFs for state estimation at two locations respectively, then the error parameters are solved through the spatial relationship between the two positions. The simulation shows that using CKF improves accuracy compared to EKF. Verified by experiment, the two-position alignment method based on CKF can better adapt to the nonlinear system, which can be applied in practical engineering.
Jamming Effectiveness of Mid-infrared Lasers on the Quaternary Cross-shaped Detector
Authors: Liu Zhongling , Wang Xuming , Hu Qili , Wang Yanxin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the development of infrared guidance technology, the guidance accuracy and anti-jamming ability of infrared guided missile are improved constantly. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of the third generation quaternary cross-shaped detector and the influence of jamming signals on the target recognition, the detector model and the mid-infrared laser interference model based on the time-domain feature analysis are established in this paper. According to the simulation results, we use the continuous and pulsed mid-infrared laser to experiment the jamming effectiveness of the quaternary cross-shaped detector. It is found that compared with continuous mid-infrared laser, pulsed mid-infrared laser is easier to make the detector lose the target and difficult to recover the tracking.
Data Glove Based on Flexible Fiber Optic Sensor for Gesture Capture
Authors: Yu Hui , Zheng Daifu , Liu Yun , Chen Shimeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The development of data glove is very rapid, and it is widely used in the field of human-robot interaction. Flexible optical fiber sensors are widely used in data gloves. Hereby, a flexible data glove based on space-division multiplexed flexible optical fiber sensor is proposed. The fiber exhibits high optical transmission stability and good sensing performance under deformation. Our data glove accurately recognizes and tracks gestures, and then guide the manipulator to make the same gesture. It is believed that the application of data glove will be more widespread.
The Theoretical and Experimental Study on High Power Quasi Single Mode Tm-Doped All-Fiber Laser at 1908 Nm
Authors: Wang Kaixuan , Wang Yunpeng , Xie Xinxin , Zhang Dongming , Li Pingxue 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Thulium-doped all-fiber lasers at wavelength of 1908 nm have developed rapidly because of more applications. In this paper, a quasi single mode thulium-doped quasi single mode all-fiber laser is reported, which can generate laser powers of 30.8 W in oscillator and 83.5 W in amplifier at wavelength of 1908 nm. The slope efficiencies are 43.93% and 55.65%, respectively. Besides, the effect of active fiber length on the conversion efficiency are studied theoretically and experimentally. The results show that optimal fiber length could improve the cross-relaxation process and pump utilization. Based on the thermal conduction equations, experiments theoretically study the cooling temperature and the coefficient of convective heat transfer impacted on thermal management to obtain high laser power output.
Experimental Exploration of Multi-dimensional Remote Sensing Technology Applied to Target Aviation Search and Rescue
Authors: Yao Dong , Yan Chunhui , Wang Hanyu , Meng Lingtong , Zheng Yanghao , Cheng Yanping , Ma Tianxiang , Gao Wen , Liang Chao , Tan Songnian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Optical sensing system is developing from the original intensity image/video sensing mode to multi-dimensional sensing mode, and people pay more and more attention to the spectral characteristics and polarization characteristics of the target. Aviation platform plays an increasingly important role in the search and rescue field based on its unique vision advantages. In this paper, combining the advantages of multi-dimensional perception of optical load with the advantages of aviation platform, a target detection method based on multi-dimensional information is proposed, and aviation experiments are carried out. The experimental results show that the application of multi-dimensional optical information of the target can effectively reduce the background light interference and improve the relative intensity of the target in the image. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper is efficient and feasible, and it may be widely used in the field of aviation target search and rescue in the future.
One-stop assembly of adherent 3D retinal organoids from hiPSCs based on 3D-printed derived PDMS microwell platform
Authors: Sun Xihao , Cui Zekai , Liang Yuqin , Duan Chunwen , Chan Hon Fai , Mao Shengru , Gu Jianing , Ding Chengcheng , Yang Xu , Wang Qing , Tang Shibo , Chen Jiansu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) retinal organoids (ROs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), mimicking the growth and development of the human retina, is a promising model for investigating inherited retinal diseases in vitro. However, the efficient generation of homogenous ROs remains a challenge. Here we introduce a novel polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microwell platform containing 62 V-bottom micro-cavities for the ROs differentiation from hiPSCs. The uniform adherent 3D ROs could spontaneously form using neural retina (NR) induction. Our results showed that the complex of NR (expressing VSX2), ciliary margin (CM) (expressing RDH10), and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) (expressing ZO-1, MITF, and RPE65) developed in the PDMS microwell after the differentiation. It is important to note that ROs in PDMS microwell platforms not only enable one-stop assembly but also maintain homogeneity and mature differentiation over a period of more than 25 weeks without the use of BMP4 and Matrigel. Retinal ganglion cells (expressing BRN3a), amacrine cells (expressing AP2a), horizontal cells (expressing PROX1 and AP2α), photoreceptor cells for cone (expressing S-opsin and L/M-opsin) and rod (expressing Rod opsin), bipolar cells (expressing VSX2 and PKCα), and Müller glial cells (expressing GS and Sox9) gradually emerged. Furthermore, we replaced fetal bovine serum with human platelet lysate and established a xeno-free culture workflow that facilitates clinical application. Thus, our PDMS microwell platform for one-stop assembly and long-term culture of ROs using a xeno-free workflow is favorable for retinal disease modeling, drug screening, and manufacturing ROs for clinical translation.
ExosomePurity: tumour purity deconvolution in serum exosomes based on miRNA signatures
Authors: Wu Tao , Dai Yao , Xu Yue , Zheng Jie , Chen Shuting , Zhang Yinuo , Tian Peng , Zheng Xiaoqi , Wang Haiyun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Exosomes cargo tumour-characterized biomolecules secreted from cancer cells and play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, thus providing their potential for non-invasive cancer monitoring. Since cancer cell-derived exosomes are often mixed with those from healthy cells in liquid biopsy of tumour patients, accurately measuring the purity of tumour cell-derived exosomes is not only critical for the early detection but also essential for unbiased identification of diagnosis biomarkers. Here, we propose ‘ExosomePurity’, a tumour purity deconvolution model to estimate tumour purity in serum exosomes of cancer patients based on microribonucleic acid (miRNA)-Seq data. We first identify the differently expressed miRNAs as signature to distinguish cancer cell- from healthy cell-derived exosomes. Then, the deconvolution model was developed to estimate the proportions of cancer exosomes and normal exosomes in serum. The purity predicted by the model shows high correlation with actual purity in simulated data and actual data. Moreover, the model is robust under the different levels of noise background. The tumour purity was also used to correct differential expressed gene analysis. ExosomePurity empowers the research community to study non-invasive early diagnosis and to track cancer progression in cancers more efficiently. It is implemented in R and is freely available from GitHub (https://github.com/WangHYLab/ExosomePurity).
‘Terrific Black Holes’: Experiences with Social Services in Elder Family Financial Exploitation
Authors: Kilaberia Tina R , Fuhrman Emma R , Stum Marlene S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The role of social services in responding to elder family financial exploitation (EFFE) is increasingly recognised. This qualitative thematic study draws on the perspectives of fifteen non-victim, non-perpetrator family members who described seeking help from social service entities for older adults who were financially exploited in their families. Four themes illustrated entry point failures, gaps in social services and multidisciplinary collaborations, family-related barriers to help-seeking and positive appraisals of social services professionals. Social response to EFFE is inherently multidisciplinary and extends across a range of private and public service sectors. We discuss boundary work to empower social work’s professional authority in formal service systems as well as its boundary work with the healthcare system, specifically the importance of training in evaluations of older victims’ cognitive status. Implications pertain to areas such as tailored independent social work practice, community practice, social isolation of older victims and attitudinal response.
Daily artificial gravity is associated with greater neural efficiency during sensorimotor adaptation
Authors: Tays Grant D , Hupfeld Kathleen E , McGregor Heather R , Beltran Nichole E , Kofman Igor S , De Dios Yiri E , Mulder Edwin R , Bloomberg Jacob J , Mulavara Ajitkumar P , Wood Scott J , Seidler Rachael D 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Altered vestibular signaling and body unloading in microgravity results in sensory reweighting and adaptation. Microgravity effects are well-replicated in head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR). Artificial gravity (AG) is a potential countermeasure to mitigate the effects of microgravity on human physiology and performance. We examined the effectiveness of daily AG for mitigating brain and/or behavioral changes in 60 days of HDBR. One group received AG for 30 minutes daily (AG; n = 16) and a control group spent the same time in HDBR but received no AG (CTRL; n = 8). All participants performed a sensorimotor adaptation task five times during fMRI scanning: twice prior to HDBR, twice during HDBR, and once following HDBR. The AG group showed similar behavioral adaptation effects compared with the CTRLs. We identified decreased brain activation in the AG group from pre to late HDBR in the cerebellum for the task baseline portion and in the thalamus, calcarine, cuneus, premotor cortices, and superior frontal gyrus in the AG group during the early adaptation phase. The two groups also exhibited differential brain-behavior correlations. Together, these results suggest that AG may result in a reduced recruitment of brain activity for basic motor processes and sensorimotor adaptation. These effects may stem from the somatosensory and vestibular stimulation that occur with AG.
A gene copy number arms race in action: X,Y-chromosome transmission distortion across a species barrier
Authors: Baird Stuart J E , Hiadlovská Zuzana , Daniszová Kristina , Piálek Jaroslav , Macholán Miloš 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA remarkable gene copy number (CN) arms race system has recently been described in laboratory mice, where Slx;Slxl1 and Sly genes compete over transmission by altering the fertilization success of X and Y chromosome-bearing sperm, respectively. Here, we focus on this system in nature, where natural selection can counter CN/gene product escalation. Our model is house mouse subspecies hybridizing in Europe. In some regions, Y chromosomes of the Eastern subspecies have introgressed onto Western genomic backgrounds, accompanied by sex ratio distortion in favor of males, consistent with the inbred lines suggested mechanism: Overabundance of SLY protein expressed by invading Y chromosomes. We take Slx as representative of the X side of this arms race and measure Slx|Sly CN and expression across an “Invasion” transect where Ys introgress and a “Control” transect with negligible introgression. Since we found similar Slx|Sly ratios in both transects, SLY overabundance is unlikely to explain the introgression. However, Slx CN is relatively low in the introgression area, suggesting that Slx is less able to combat Sly effects here. Furthermore, deterministic changes in Slx;Sly expression proportions versus CN proportions suggest standing variation for trans regulation of Slx|Sly is being co-opted in nature where their arms race reduces population fitness.
TheBurkholderia contaminansprevalent phenotypes as possible markers of poor clinical outcomes in chronic lung infection of children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: León Beltina , Prieto Claudia , Bettiol Marisa , Leguizamón Mariana , D´Alessandro Virginia , Casco Daniela , Vita Carolina , Figoli Cecilia Beatriz , Vescina Cecilia , Rentería Fernando , Cardona Silvia T , Bosch Alejandra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBurkholderia contaminans, a species of the Burkholderia cepacia complex—prevalent in certain Latin-American and European countries—can cause chronic pulmonary infection in persons with cystic fibrosis. Our aim was to gain insights into long-term lung infections with a focus on correlating how bacterial phenotypic traits in the chronic infection impact on patients’ clinical outcome. Genotypic characteristics of 85 B. contaminans isolates recovered from 70 patients were investigated. For 16 of those patients, the clinical status and bacterial phenotypic characteristics, e.g. several virulence factors, phenotypic variants, and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, were evaluated. Two clones were found in the whole bacterial population: (i) the multiresistant ST 872 PCR-recA-RFLP-HaeIII-K-pattern clone, which carries a pathogenic island homologous to BcenGI11 of B. cenocepacia J2315, and (ii) the ST 102 PCR-recA-RFLP-HaeIII-AT-pattern clone. The emergence of certain bacterial phenotypes in the chronic infection such as the nonmucoid phenotype, small colony variants, brownish pigmented colonies, and hypermutators, proved to be, together with coinfection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the possible markers of more challenging infections and poor prognosis. The presence of cocolonizers and the bacterial phenotypes that are especially adapted to persist in long-term respiratory tract infections have a crucial role in patients’ clinical outcomes.