bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early detection and serial monitoring during chemotherapy-radiation therapy: Using T1 and T2 mapping cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Tian Yaotian , Wang Teng , Tian Liwen , Yang Yucheng , Xue Chen , Sheng Wei , Wang Cuiyan 
Published: March 2023

PurposeTo confirm the ability of native T1 and T2 values in detecting and monitoring early myocardial injuries of chest radiotherapy in neoplasm patients.Materials and methodsFifteen participants received non-anthracycline chemotherapy and chest radiotherapy, and 30 age/gender-matched controls were enrolled in this prospective study. Cardiac magnetic resonance scans were performed within 2 days, 3 months, and 6 months after chest radiotherapy. Myocardial native T1 and T2 values were measured in irradiated and nonirradiated areas. Meanwhile, the parameters of left ventricular function and left ventricular myocardial strain were obtained.ResultsThere were no significant differences in left ventricular function, native T1, T2, and strain between patients and controls before chest radiotherapy. In 15 participants who were followed up for 6 months, there was a significant change only in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) among baseline and the first follow-up (P = 0.021), while the adjusted P-value was higher than 0.05 after Bonferroni correction, as well as other parameters. Native T1 values were elevated at 3 and 6 months in irradiated areas compared with baseline (1,288.72 ± 66.59 ms vs. 1,212.51 ± 45.41 ms; 1,348.01 ± 54.16 ms vs. 1,212.51 ± 45.41 ms; P &lt; 0.001 for both). However, T2 values only changed at 3 months in irradiated areas compared with baseline (44.21 ± 3.35 ms vs. 39.14 ± 1.44 ms; P = 0.006). Neither the native T1 nor T2 values changed in nonirradiated areas during the follow-up period (all P &gt; 0.05). There were no significant differences in strain changes during the follow-up period (all P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionNative T1 and T2 values elevated at 3 months after chest radiotherapy, whereas LVEF showed no significant change during the 6-month follow-up.
The association between micronutrient levels and diabetic foot ulcer: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Kurian Shilia Jacob , Baral Tejaswini , Unnikrishnan Mazhuvancherry K. , Benson Ruby , Munisamy Murali , Saravu Kavitha , Rodrigues Gabriel Sunil , Rao Mahadev , Kumar Amit , Miraj Sonal Sekhar 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundDiabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Nutrient deficiencies are among the major risk factors in DFU development and healing. In this context, we aimed to investigate the possible association between micronutrient status and risk of DFU.MethodsA systematic review (Prospero registration: CRD42021259817) of articles, published in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL Complete, and Embase, that measured the status of micronutrients in DFU patients was performed.ResultsThirty-seven studies were considered, of which thirty were included for meta-analysis. These studies reported levels of 11 micronutrients: vitamins B9, B12, C, D, E, calcium, magnesium, iron, selenium, copper, and zinc. DFU, compared to healthy controls (HC) had significantly lower vitamin D (MD: -10.82 14 ng/ml, 95% CI: -20.47, -1.16), magnesium (MD: -0.45 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.78, -0.12) and selenium (MD: -0.33 µmol/L, 95% CI: -0.34, -0.32) levels. DFU, compared to DM patients without DFU, had significantly lower vitamin D (MD: -5.41 ng/ml, 95% CI: -8.06, -2.76), and magnesium (MD: -0.20 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.25, -0.15) levels. The overall analysis showed lower levels of vitamin D [15.55ng/ml (95% CI:13.44, 17.65)], vitamin C [4.99µmol/L (95% CI:3.16, 6.83)], magnesium [1.53mg/dL (95% CI:1.28, 1.78)] and selenium [0.54µmol/L (95% CI:0.45, 0.64)].ConclusionThis review provides evidence that micronutrient levels significantly differ in DFU patients, suggesting an association between micronutrient status and risk of DFU. Therefore, routine monitoring and supplementations are warranted in DFU patients. We suggest that personalized nutrition therapy may be considered in the DFU management guidelines.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=259817, identifier CRD42021259817.
Mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome intervention for synovitis in knee osteoarthritis: A review of TCM intervention
Authors: Han Xianfu , Lin Demin , Huang Weiwei , Li Dingpeng , Li Ning , Xie Xingwen 
Published: March 2023

Objective: This paper briefly reviews the structure and function of NLRP3 inflammasomes, signaling pathway, relationship with synovitis in KOA, and intervention of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in NLRP3 inflammasomes as a means to improve its therapeutic potential and clinical application.Method: Literatures about NLRP3 inflammasomes and synovitis in KOA were reviewed to analyze and discuss.Result: NLRP3 inflammasome can activate NF-κB mediated signal transduction, which in turn causes the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, initiates the innate immune response, and triggers synovitis in KOA. The TCM monomer/active ingredient, decoction, external ointment, and acupuncture regulating NLRP3 inflammasomes are helpful to alleviate synovitis in KOA.Conclusion: The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of synovitis in KOA, TCM intervention targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome can be a novel approach and therapeutic direction for the treatment of synovitis in KOA.
The impact of chronic rhinosinusitis on COVID-19 risk and outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Reda Abdullah , Lashin Basant Ismail , Alaaraj Mustafa Mohammad , Abouelkheir Moustafa , Ahmed Mahmoud Ibrahim , Shah Jaffer , El-Qushayri Amr Ehab 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe impact of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and subsequent steroid therapy on acquiring COVID-19 and severe outcomes remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to provide cumulative evidence regarding the risk of COVID-19 and the impact of steroid therapy, length of hospital stay, mechanical ventilation, and mortality among CRC patients.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive electronic search strategy using the relevant keywords. The outcomes and risk factors of COVID-19 in CRS patients was estimated and compared to a healthy control group when applicable.ResultsA total of seven studies were included, with an estimated prevalence of 6.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.5-15.7) for COVID-19 in the CRS group. COVID-19 prevalence did not differ between CRS and controls (odds ratio (OR): 0.92; 95%CI: 0.84-1.01; p = 0.08). Moreover, using steroid/immunosuppressive therapy did not significantly increase the risk of acquiring COVID-19 in CRS patients compared to the control group (OR: 3.31; 95%CI: 0.72-15.26; p = 0.12). Length of hospital stay, mechanical ventilation, and mortality rates were comparable between the two groups. Furthermore, we found that male sex, cardiovascular morbidity, renal diseases, and hypertension were inversely associated with COVID-19 infection (p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionCRS had a neutral effect on acquiring COVID-19 and developing severe outcomes. However, further studies are needed.
SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody concentration in gamma globulin products from high-prevalence COVID-19 countries are transmitted to X-linked agammaglobulinemia patients
Authors: Raphael Allon , Shamriz Oded , Tvito Ariella , Magen Sophie , Goldberg Shmuel , Megged Orli , Lev Atar , Simon Amos J. , Tal Yuval , Somech Raz , Eisenberg Rachel , Toker Ori 
Published: March 2023

PurposePatients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) are characterized by humoral impairment and are routinely treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in IVIG preparations harvested globally and evaluate the transfer of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to the XLA patient.MethodsA single-center, prospective cohort study was conducted in the period of November 2020 to November 2022. Clinical and laboratory data, specifically, SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG levels from the serum of 115 IVIG preparations given to 5 XLA patient were collected. Concurrently, SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG levels from the serum of the 5 XLA was collected monthly.ResultsFive XLA patients were evaluated within the study period. All were treated monthly with commercial IVIG preparations. A total of 115 IVIG treatments were given over the study period. The origin country and the date of IVIG harvesting was obtained for 111 (96%) of the treatments. Fifty-four IVIG preparations (49%) were harvested during the COVID-19 pandemic of which 76% were positive (&gt;50AU/mL) for SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies which were subsequently transmitted to the XLA patients in an approximate 10-fold reduction. SARS-CoV2 spike IgG was first detected in IVIG batches that completed their harvest date by September 2021. Positive products were harvested from origin countries with a documented prevalence over 2,000 per 100,000 population.ConclusionAs the prevalence of COVID-19 infections rises, detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG in commercial IVIG products increases and is then transmitted to the patient. Future studies are needed to investigate the neutralizing capabilities of SARS-CoV-2 IgG and whether titer levels in IVIG remain consistent as the incidence of infection and vaccination rates in the population changes.
Joining technology and biology to solve conservation problems through translocation in the endangered limpet Patella ferruginea
Authors: Espinosa Free , Maestre Manuel , García-Gómez José Carlos , Cotaina-Castro María Isabel , Pitarch-Moreno Carmen , Paramio Juan Manuel , Fort-Santa María Patricia , García-Estévez Natalia 
Published: March 2023

The Anthropocene era is characterized by a biodiversity crisis, where many species are pushing to extinction, causing alteration of the stability in the ecosystems and loss of their services. In this context, the translocation of endangered species is a powerful resource in conservation as long as its goals and appropriateness are clearly stated and it matches unambiguous criteria. Patella ferruginea is one of the most endangered marine species in the Mediterranean, and several translocations have been made with limited results in terms of survival. A methodology that mimics the natural topography of the substrate in the donor population based on Artificial Inert Mobile Substrates (AIMS, 40x20x10 cm) is proposed for restocking purposes. Three different treatments were tested: on substrate, slope, and cantilever depending on the position in which the AIMS were deployed. A total of 660 AIMS were installed within the donor area. The installation of such AIMS did not negatively affect either donor or receiving populations. A total of 188 specimens were translocated in three different attempts in 2018, 2019, and 2020, and no mortality was observed during the translocation process that lasted 24 h. Survival through the medium and long-term for the translocated specimens ranged from 80.6 to 91.5% after one month, 55.5 to 80.9% after eight months, and 48.4 to 76.6% after one year, with survival in the control population being 91.6% after four months and 87.5% after one year. Overall, recruits showed higher survival values than adults, whereas substrate treatment hosted more specimens (both recruits and adults) than slope and cantilever ones, while recruits were more abundant on cantilever treatment. The methodology has been proven to be useful for restocking and reintroduction purposes between donor and receiving areas.
A framework for estuarine future sea-level scenarios: Response of the industrialised Elbe estuary to projected mean sea level rise and internal variability
Authors: Pein Johannes , Staneva Joanna , Mayer Bernhard , Palmer Matthew D. , Schrum Corinna 
Published: March 2023

In this study, we apply probabilistic estimates of mean sea level (MSL) rise and a sub-set of regional climate model ensemble simulations to force a numerical model of the southern North Sea, downscaling projected sea level variability to the Elbe estuary that serves as a prototype for an industrialised meso-tidal estuary. The specific forcing combination enables a localised projection of future estuarine hydrodynamics accounting for the spread of projected global sea level rise and the spread of the regional climate projection due to internal variability. Under the applied high-emission scenario, the Elbe estuary shows high decadal rates of mean water level (MWL) rise beyond 19 mm y-1, increase in the tidal range of up to 14 mm y-1 and increase in extreme water levels of up to 18 mm y-1. The bandwidth of the estuarine response is also high. For example, the range of average monthly extreme water levels is up to 0.57 m due to the spread of projected global sea level rise, up to 0.58 m due to internal variability whereas seasonal range attains 1.99 m locally. In the lower estuary, the spread of projected global sea level rise dominates over internal variability. Internal variability, represented by ensemble spread, notably impacts the range of estuarine water levels and tidal current asymmetry in the shallow upper estuary. This area demonstrates large seasonal fluctuations of MWLs, the M2 tidal amplitude and monthly extreme water levels. On the monthly and inter-annual time scales, the MWL and M2 amplitude reveal opposite trends, indicative of a locally non-linear response to the decadal MSL rise enforced at the open boundary. Overall, imposed by the climate projections decadal change and MSL rise enhance the horizontal currents and turbulent diffusivities whereas internal variability locally mitigates sea level rise–driven changes in the water column. This work establishes a framework for providing consistent regionalised scenario-based climate change projections for the estuarine environment to support sustainable adaptation development.
Protection from successive Omicron variants with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and monoclonal antibodies in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Moal Valérie , Valade Margaux , Boschi Céline , Robert Thomas , Orain Nicolas , Bancod Audrey , Edouard Sophie , Colson Philippe , La Scola Bernard 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionKidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at high risk of severe COVID-19, even when they are fully vaccinated. Additional booster vaccinations or passive immunization with prophylactic monoclonal antibodies are recommended to increase their protection against severe COVID-19.MethodsHere, we describe the neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Delta, Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 variants, firstly by 39 serum samples from vaccinated KTRs exhibiting anti-spike antibody concentrations ≥264 binding antibody units (BAU)/mL and, secondly, by tixagevimab/cilgavimab.ResultsNo neutralization was observed for 18% of the KTRs, while serum from only 46% of patients could neutralize the five variants. Cross-neutralization of the Delta and Omicron variants occurred for 65–87% of sera samples. The anti-spike antibody concentration correlated with neutralization activity for all the variants. The neutralization titers against the Delta variant were higher in vaccinated KTRs who had previously presented with COVID-19, compared to those KTRs who had only been vaccinated. Breakthrough infections occurred in 39% of the KTRs after the study. Tixagevimab/cilgavimab poorly neutralizes Omicron variants, particularly BA.5, and does not neutralize BQ.1, which is currently the most prevalent strain.DiscussionAs a result, sera from seropositive vaccinated KTRs had poor neutralization of the successive Omicron variants. Several Omicron variants are able to escape tixagevimab/cilgavimab.
3D- and 2D-QSAR models’ study and molecular docking of novel nitrogen-mustard compounds for osteosarcoma
Authors: Zhuo Wenkun , Lian Zheng , Bai Wenzhe , Chen Yanrong , Xia Huanling 
Published: March 2023

Background: The dipeptide-alkylated nitrogen-mustard compound is a new kind of nitrogen-mustard derivative with a strong anti-tumor activity, which can be used as a potential anti-osteosarcoma chemotherapy drug.Objective: 2D- and 3D-QSAR (structure–activity relationship quantification) models were established to predict the anti-tumor activity of dipeptide-alkylated nitrogen-mustard compounds.Method: In this study, a linear model was established using a heuristic method (HM) and a non-linear model was established using the gene expression programming (GEP) algorithm, but there were more limitations in the 2D model, so a 3D-QSAR model was introduced and established through the CoMSIA method. Finally, a series of new dipeptide-alkylated nitrogen-mustard compounds were redesigned using the 3D-QSAR model; docking experiments were carried out on several compounds with the highest activity against tumors.Result: The 2D- and 3D-QSAR models obtained in this experiment were satisfactory. A linear model with six descriptors was obtained in this experiment using the HM through CODESSA software, where the descriptor “Min electroph react index for a C atom” has the greatest effect on the compound activity; a reliable non-linear model was obtained using the GEP algorithm model (the best model was generated in the 89th generation cycle, with a correlation coefficient of 0.95 and 0.87 for the training and test set, respectively, and a mean error of 0.02 and 0.06, respectively). Finally, 200 new compounds were designed by combining the contour plots of the CoMSIA model with each other, together with the descriptors in the 2D-QSAR, among which compound I1.10 had a high anti-tumor and docking ability.Conclusion: Through the model established in this study, the factors influencing the anti-tumor activity of dipeptide-alkylated nitrogen-thaliana compounds were revealed, providing direction and guidance for the further design of efficient chemotherapy drugs against osteosarcoma.
Virtual reality set-up for studying vestibular function during head impulse test
Authors: Desoche Clément , Verdelet Grégoire , Salemme Romeo , Farnè Alessandro , Pélisson Denis , Froment Caroline , Hermann Ruben 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesVirtual reality (VR) offers an ecological setting and the possibility of altered visual feedback during head movements useful for vestibular research and treatment of vestibular disorders. There is however no data quantifying vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) during head impulse test (HIT) in VR. The main objective of this study is to assess the feasibility and performance of eye and head movement measurements of healthy subjects in a VR environment during high velocity horizontal head rotation (VR-HIT) under a normal visual feedback condition. The secondary objective is to establish the feasibility of VR-HIT recordings in the same group of normal subjects but under altered visual feedback conditions.DesignTwelve healthy subjects underwent video HIT using both a standard setup (vHIT) and VR-HIT. In VR, eye and head positions were recorded by using, respectively, an imbedded eye tracker and an infrared motion tracker. Subjects were tested under four conditions, one reproducing normal visual feedback and three simulating an altered gain or direction of visual feedback. During these three altered conditions the movement of the visual scene relative to the head movement was decreased in amplitude by 50% (half), was nullified (freeze) or was inverted in direction (inverse).ResultsEye and head motion recording during normal visual feedback as well as during all 3 altered conditions was successful. There was no significant difference in VOR gain in VR-HIT between normal, half, freeze and inverse conditions. In the normal condition, VOR gain was significantly but slightly (by 3%) different for VR-HIT and vHIT. Duration and amplitude of head impulses were significantly greater in VR-HIT than in vHIT. In all three altered VR-HIT conditions, covert saccades were present in approximatively one out of four trials.ConclusionOur VR setup allowed high quality recording of eye and head data during head impulse test under normal and altered visual feedback conditions. This setup could be used to investigate compensation mechanisms in vestibular hypofunction, to elicit adaptation of VOR in ecological settings or to allow objective evaluation of VR-based vestibular rehabilitation.
Intake of added sugar, fruits, vegetables, and legumes of Portuguese preschool children: Baseline data from SmartFeeding4Kids randomized controlled trial participants
Authors: Charneca Sofia , Gomes Ana Isabel , Branco Diogo , Guerreiro Tiago , Barros Luísa , Sousa Joana 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe SmartFeeding4Kids (SF4K) program is an online self-guided intervention for parents with the propose of changing parental feeding practices and children’s dietary intake, focusing on the intake of added sugars, fruit, vegetables, and legumes. This paper aims to describe children’s dietary pattern at baseline through a 24-h food recall, the SmartKidsDiet24.MethodsOverall, 89 participants recorded at least one meal of the 3-day food recall. Mean age was 36.22 ± 6.05 years and 53.09 ± 15.42 months old for parents and children, respectively. Of these, 22 participants were considered to have 2 days of near complete 24-h food recalls. Children’s dietary intake are reported for these 22 participants based on parents reports and, thus, represent estimations only, as it remains unknown whether children consumed other non-reported foods.ResultsFruit was the group with the highest daily intake among children (mean 1.77 ± 1.10 portions/day), followed by added sugar foods (mean 1.48 ± 0.89 portions/day), vegetables [median 1.27 (1.64) portions/day] and legumes [median 0.12 (0.39) portions/day]. Fruit intake was positively correlated with vegetable intake (p = 0.008). Regarding Dietary Reference Values accomplishment, 13.6% of children exceeded the daily safe and adequate intake of sodium, 77.3% did not meet potassium and fiber recommendations, and 31.8% did not meet vitamin C recommendations.DiscussionAll children did not meet calcium, vitamin B12 and vitamin D intake recommendations. Our findings further justify the need for dietary interventions in this field, to improve young children’s diets.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04591496.