bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perpanjangan Masa Jabatan Presiden Menurut Konstitusi Indonesia
Authors: Helfianti Sutri , Syukriah Syukriah , Iskandar Iskandar 
Published: February 2023

The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, as the constitution of Indonesia, contains basic rules that are arranged to be used as guidelines or guidelines for the government in carrying out its functions and duties. The Constitution has a role as a barrier to government power in such a way as not to use power arbitrarily. Based on the background of the problems above, the issues that will be discussed are: How is the extension of the President's term of office according to the laws in force in Indonesia? What is the limitation of the term of office of the President in accordance with the constitution of the Republic of Indonesia? This study uses a normative juridical method that emphasizes library research. This means that this research is carried out by paying attention to the applicable laws and regulations. The type of research is qualitative and the approach used is the Statute Approach. This approach is carried out by examining all relevant laws and regulations. Then it is also carried out with a conceptual approach and expert opinion. Limiting the term of office of the President must be carried out according to the constitution, not according to the wishes of the authorities and not also based on political agreements.Keywords: Constitution; Position of President; Indonesia AbstrakUndang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, sebagai konstitusi Indonesia memuat aturan-aturan dasar yang disusun agar dijadikan pedoman atau pegangan bagi pemerintah dalam menjalankan fungsi dan tugasnya. Undang-Undang Dasar memiliki peranan sebagai pembatas kekuasaan pemerintah sedemikian rupa agar tidak menggunakan kekuasaan dengan sewenang-wenang. Berdasarkan latar belakang permasalahan di atas, maka permasalahan yang akan dibahas adalah: Bagaimanakah perpanjangan masa jabatan Presiden menurut aturan hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia. Bagaimanakah pembatasan masa jabatan Presiden sesuai dengan konstitusi Negara Republik Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode Yuridis Normatif yang menekankan pada penelitian kepustakaan Artinya penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara memperhatikan aturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Adapun jenisnya penelitian adalah kualitatif dan pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah pendekatan Perundang-Undangan (Statute Approach) Pendekatan ini dilakukan dengan menelaah semua peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan. Kemudian juga dilakukan dengan pendekatan konsep dan pendapat para ahli. Pembatasan masa jabatan Presiden harus dilakukan sesuai konstitusi, bukan sesuai keinginan penguasa dan bukan juga atas kesepakatan politik. Kata Kunci: Konstitusi; Jabatan Presiden; Indonesia
Clinic-Based Financial Coaching and Missed Pediatric Preventive Care: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Schickedanz Adam , Perales Lorraine , Holguin Monique , Rhone-Collins Michelle , Robinson Helah , Tehrani Niloufar , Smith Lynne , Chung Paul J. , Szilagyi Peter G. 
Published: February 2023

Objectives
Poverty is a common root cause of poor health and disrupts medical care. Clinically embedded antipoverty programs that address financial stressors may prevent missed visits and improve show rates. This pilot study evaluated the impact of clinic-based financial coaching on adherence to recommended preventive care pediatric visits and vaccinations in the first 6 months of life.

Methods
In this community-partnered randomized controlled trial comparing clinic-based financial coaching to usual care among low-income parent-infant dyads attending pediatric preventive care visits, we examined the impact of the longitudinal financial intervention delivered by trained coaches addressing parent-identified, strengths-based financial goals (employment, savings, public benefits enrollment, etc.). We also examined social needs screening and resource referral on rates of missed preventive care pediatric visits and vaccinations through the 6-month well-child visit.

Results
Eighty-one parent-infant dyads were randomized (35 intervention, 46 control); nearly all parents were mothers and more than one-half were Latina. The rate of missed visits among those randomized to clinic-based financial coaching was half that of controls (0.46 vs 1.07 missed of 4 recommended visits; mean difference, 0.61 visits missed; P = .01). Intervention participants were more likely to have up-to-date immunizations each visit (relative risk, 1.26; P = .01) with fewer missed vaccinations by the end of the 6-month preventive care visit period (2.52 vs 3.8 missed vaccinations; P = .002).

Conclusions
In this pilot randomized trial, a medical-financial partnership embedding financial coaching within pediatric primary care improved low-income families’ adherence to recommended visits and vaccinations. Clinic-based financial coaching may improve care continuity and quality in the medical home.
Use of compression test to determine the Young's modulus of the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V manufactured via direct metal laser sintering
Authors: Alkentar Rashwan , File Máté , Mankovits Tamás 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe research is dedicated to determine one of the most important mechanical properties which is the Young's modulus. Its value is crucial for clearly explaining and understanding the results of any mechanical loading experiment. Three cylindrical samples of 15 mm height and 7.5 mm diameter were designed using SpaceClaim application in the ANSYS Software and then 3D printed using Direct Metal Laser Sintering via EOS M 290 3D printer. The specimens were then tested under compression in order to determine the value of the Young's modulus for titanium alloy of grade 23 (Ti, Al, V, O, N, C, H, Fe, Y). The finite element method was executed using ANSYS mechanical to run a comparison between laboratory results with nominal results of the Young's modulus. Young's modulus value is affected by the 3D printing accuracy and quality, the material's quality as well; however, the deviation is within 10%.
Protein Carbamylation and the Risk of ESKD in Patients with CKD
Authors: Kalim Sahir , Zhao Sophia , Tang Mengyao , Rhee Eugene P. , Allegretti Andrew S. , Nigwekar Sagar , Karumanchi S. Ananth , Lash James P. , Berg Anders H. 
Published: February 2023

Significance Statement
Protein carbamylation, a nonenzymatic post-translational protein modification partially driven by elevated blood urea levels, associates with mortality and adverse outcomes in patients with ESKD on dialysis. However, little is known about carbamylation's relationship to clinical outcomes in the much larger population of patients with earlier stages of CKD. In this prospective observational cohort study of 3111 individuals with CKD stages 2–4, higher levels of carbamylated albumin (a marker of protein carbamylation burden) were associated with a greater risk of developing ESKD and other significant adverse clinical outcomes. These findings indicate that protein carbamylation is an independent risk factor for CKD progression. They suggest that further study of therapeutic interventions to prevent or reduce carbamylation is warranted.

Background
Protein carbamylation, a post-translational protein modification partially driven by elevated blood urea levels, associates with adverse outcomes in ESKD. However, little is known about protein carbamylation's relationship to clinical outcomes in the much larger population of patients with earlier stages of CKD.

Methods
To test associations between protein carbamylation and the primary outcome of progression to ESKD, we measured baseline serum carbamylated albumin (C-Alb) in 3111 patients with CKD stages 2–4 enrolled in the prospective observational Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study.

Results
The mean age of study participants was 59 years (SD 10.8); 1358 (43.7%) were female, and 1334 (42.9%) were White. The mean eGFR at the time of C-Alb assessment was 41.8 (16.4) ml/minute per 1.73 m2, and the median C-Alb value was 7.8 mmol/mol (interquartile range, 5.8–10.7). During an average of 7.9 (4.1) years of follow-up, 981 (31.5%) individuals developed ESKD. In multivariable adjusted Cox models, higher C-Alb (continuous or quartiles) independently associated with an increased risk of ESKD. For example, compared with quartile 1 (C-Alb ≤5.80 mmol/mol), those in quartile 4 (C-Alb >10.71 mmol/mol) had a greater risk for ESKD (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.75 to 2.99), and the ESKD incidence rate per 1000 patient-years increased from 15.7 to 88.5 from quartile 1 to quartile 4. The results remained significant across numerous subgroup analyses, when treating death as a competing event, and using different assessments of eGFR.

Conclusions
Having a higher level of protein carbamylation as measured by circulating C-Alb is an independent risk factor for ESKD in individuals with CKD stages 2–4.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/JASN/2023_04_24_JASN0000000000000078.mp3
Pheno- and genotypic characteristics of Yersinia pestis strains from phylogroups 2.MED4 and 2.MED1 – etiological agents of 20th-century plague outbreaks in the Caspian Sea region
Authors: Balykova Alina N. , Goryunova Polina A. , Kukleva Lyubov M. , Chervyakova Nadezhda S. , Eroshenko Galina A. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We conducted a comparative analysis of the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of plague pathogen strains from the 2.MED4 and 2.MED1 phylogroups, representing the main subspecies of the medieval Yersinia pestis biovar found in the plague foci of the Caspian Sea region, which were epidemically active in the 20th century. We evaluated the biochemical properties, nutritional requirements, and plasmid profiles of Y. pestis strains within the 2.MED4 and 2.MED1 phylogroups of the medieval biovar. We discovered the variability in the virulence-associated genes hemS, caf1M, and ssaJ in the strains of the 2.MED lineage. Our data on the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the medieval biovar can be used in laboratory diagnostics of the plague microbe and contribute to the understanding of genomic changes during the microevolution of this highly virulent biovar.
MÚSICA E INCLUSÃO: POSSÍVEIS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO ENSINO EM GRUPO DE VIOLINO PARA A SOCIABILIZAÇÃO DE AUTISTAS NO PROJETO TRANSTORNOS DO DESENVOLVIMENTO E DIFICULDADES DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Silva Letícia Silva e , Abreu Jônatas Araújo Batista de 
Published: February 2023

Este estudo é um dos resultados da participação no Grupo de Pesquisa Transtornos do Desenvolvimento e Dificuldade de Aprendizagem/GP-TDDA, no projeto “Violino em Grupo: interdisciplinaridade e inovação de linguagens voltadas para crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista – TEA” e ligado ao Projeto Transtornos do Desenvolvimento e Dificuldade de Aprendizagem – PTDDA, da Universidade Federal do Pará/UFPA. Objetivou-se investigar as contribuições do ensino de violino em grupo para melhorar a socialização da criança com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Como suporte teórico, a revisão da literatura proporcionou a discussão a respeito da educação musical inclusiva e o ensino de violino em grupo do PTDDA. Participaram desta pesquisa 15 alunos; sendo 4 crianças neuroatípicas com TEA e 11 crianças neurotípicas (sem o transtorno). Por meio do preenchimento da Escala de Avaliação do Aprendizado Musical (EAAM) no Violino, por dois avaliadores independentes, realizando-se um breve relato dos dados obtidos. O pesquisador aponta que os participantes com TEA apresentaram melhora quanto algumas das características que são prejudicadas pelo transtorno como, por exemplo, a interação social. Além de avanços na aprendizagem do violino, observou ganhos em habilidades como atenção, relações sociais (interação) e coordenação motora. Logo, esta pesquisa proporcionou a capacitação de uma equipe interdisciplinar, possibilitando a professores e monitores da oficina a conscientização sobre a legislação brasileira para a proteção dos direitos da pessoa com deficiência como também possibilitou informações significativas científicas e sociais às pessoas que convivem com alguma criança que apresenta TEA a fim de potencializar o desenvolvimento musical desses participantes.
Model Masyarakat Madani dalam Al-Qur’an sebagai Cerminan Masyarakat New Normal Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Ridho Abdul Rasyid , Nuruddin Nuruddin , Hariyadi Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

Indonesia menjadi salah satu negara yang terbaik dalam penanganan Covid-19. Per 3 Oktober 2021, Kasus Aktif di Indonesia berhasil turun 94,59% dari puncak kasus di 24 Juli 2021, dan turun sebesar 53,81% dalam dua minggu terakhir ini. Hal ini dapat terjadi berkat strategi penanganan pandemi pada sisi hulu, yaitu dilakukannya pencegahan melalui PPKM, peningkatan testing dan tracing, dan akselerasi vaksinasi. Oleh karenanya pemerintah melontarkan istilah new normal dalam rangka membangun kembali semangat dan cita-cita masyarakat untuk mempertahankan kesejahteraannya. kondisi new normal akan menyebabkan perubahan sosial, termasuk pola prilaku dan proses interaksi sosial masyarakat. Oleh karenanya dalam penelitian ini berusaha memberikan suatu tawaran arah baru untuk menyambut sekaligus mengisi kondisi new normal. Tawaran tersebut berupa model masyarakat madani yang pernah dibentuk oleh Nabi Muhammad Saw. Masyarakat Madani terwujud dari nilai-nilai Qur’ani yang terealisasi oleh masyarakat Madinah. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode maudhu’i (tematik) dalam mencari dan mengumpulkan ayat yang berkaitan dengan nilai-nilai al-Qur’an dalam pembentukan masyarakat madani.
Normative Femoral and Tibial Lengths in a Modern Population of Twenty-First-Century U.S. Children
Authors: Chen Chunho , Milbrandt Todd A. , Babadi Elham , Duong Stephanie Q. , Larson Dirk R. , Shaughnessy William J. , Stans Anthony A. , Hull Nathan C. , Peterson Hamlet A. , Larson A. Noelle 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The Green-Anderson (GA) leg-length data remain the gold standard for the age-based assessment of leg lengths in children despite their methodologic weaknesses. We aimed to summarize current growth trends among a cross-sectional cohort of modern U.S. children using quantile regression methods and to compare the median femoral and tibial lengths of the modern U.S. children with those of the GA cohort.

Methods:
A retrospective review of scanograms and upright slot-scanning radiographs obtained in otherwise healthy children between 2008 and 2020 was completed. A search of a radiology registry revealed 3,508 unique patients between the ages of 2 and 18 years for whom a standard-of-care scanogram or slot-scanning radiograph had been made. All patients with systemic illness, genetic conditions, or generalized diseases that may affect height were excluded. Measurements from a single leg at a single time point per subject were included, and the latest available time point was used for children who had multiple scanograms made. Quantile regression analysis was used to fit the lengths of the tibia and femur and overall leg length separately for male patients and female patients.

Results:
Seven hundred patients (328 female and 372 male) met the inclusion criteria. On average, the reported 50th percentile tibial lengths from the GA study at each time point were shorter than the lengths in this study by 2.2 cm (range, 1.4 to 3.3 cm) for boys and 2 cm (range, 1.1 to 3.1 cm) for girls. The reported 50th percentile femoral lengths from the GA study at each time point were shorter than the lengths in this study by 1.8 cm (range, 1.1 to 2.5 cm) for boys and 1.7 cm (range, 0.8 to 2.3 cm) shorter for girls.

Conclusions:
This study developed new growth charts for femoral and tibial lengths in a modern U.S. population of children. The new femoral and tibial lengths at nearly all time points are 1 to 3 cm longer than traditional GA data. The use of GA data for epiphysiodesis could result in underestimation of expected childhood growth.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Lactate Mediates the Bone Anabolic Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training by Inducing Osteoblast Differentiation
Authors: Zhu Zhenglin , Chen Yi , Zou Jing , Gao Shengqiang , Wu Dandong , Li Xuelun , Hu Ning , Zhao Jinzhong , Huang Wei , Chen Hong 
Published: February 2023

Background:High-intensity interval training (HIIT) reportedly improves bone metabolism and increases bone mineral density (BMD). The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether lactate mediates the beneficial effects of exercise on BMD, bone microarchitecture, and biomechanical properties in an established osteoporotic animal model. In addition, we hypothesized that lactate-induced bone augmentation is achieved through enhanced osteoblast differentiation and mineralization.Methods:A total of 50 female C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated into 5 groups: the nonovariectomized group, the ovariectomized group (OVX), the HIIT group (OVX + HIIT), the HIIT with lactate transporter inhibition group (OVX + HIIT + INH), and the lactate subcutaneous injection group (OVX + LAC). After 7 weeks of intervention, bone mass, bone strength, and bone formation/resorption processes were evaluated via microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), biomechanical testing, histological analysis, and serum biochemical assays; in vitro studies were performed to explore the bone anabolic effect of lactate at the cellular level.Results:Micro-CT revealed significantly increased BMD in both the OVX + HIIT group (mean difference, 41.03 mg hydroxyapatite [HA]/cm3[95% CI, 2.51 to 79.54 mg HA/cm3]; p = 0.029) and the OVX + LAC group (mean difference, 40.40 mg HA/cm3[95% CI, 4.08 to 76.71 mg HA/cm3]; p = 0.031) compared with the OVX group. Biomechanical testing demonstrated significantly improved mechanical properties in those 2 groups. However, the beneficial effects of exercise on bone microstructure and biomechanics were largely abolished by blocking the lactate transporter. Notably, histological and biochemical results indicated that increased bone formation was responsible for the bone augmentation effects of HIIT and lactate. Cell culture studies showed a marked increase in the expression of osteoblastic markers with lactate treatment, which could be eliminated by blocking the lactate transporter.Conclusions:Lactate may have mediated the bone anabolic effect of HIIT in osteoporotic mice, which may have resulted from enhanced osteoblast differentiation and mineralization.Clinical Relevance:Lactate may mediate the bone anabolic effect of HIIT and serve as a potential inexpensive therapeutic strategy for bone augmentation.
Water usability: a descriptive parameter of thermodynamic properties and water mobility in glucose/whey protein isolates composite solid matrices
Authors: Fan Fanghui , Cui Tingting , Wu Xukai , Mou Tian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A classic problem in preservation is the microbes can grow in low-moisture foods. In this paper, the water sorption and thermodynamic properties of glucose/WPI solid matrices were measured, while their molecular mobility was analyzed and associated with the microbial growth of D. Hansenii at various aw and 30 ºC. Although the sorption isotherms, Tg, and relaxation processes of studied matrices were affected by aw and WPI, the microbial growth showed highly dependent on water mobility rather than aw. Hence, we introduced water usability (Uw), derived from the mobility difference between system-involved water and liquid pure water explicating from the classical thermodynamic viewpoint, to describe the dynamic changes of water mobility in glucose/WPI matrices. Despite to aw, the yeast growth rate was enhanced at high Uw matrices concomitantly with a rapid cell doubling time. Therefore, the proposed Uw provides a better understanding of the water relationships of microorganisms in food preservation.
Evaluation on Configuration Stiffness of Overconstrained 2R1T Parallel Mechanisms
Authors: Ma Xuejian , Xu Zhenghe , Xu Yundou , Wang Yu , Yao Jiantao , Zhao Yongsheng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Currently, two rotations and one translation (2R1T) three-degree-of-freedom (DOF) parallel mechanisms (PMs) are widely applied in five-DOF hybrid machining robots. However, there lacks an effective method to evaluate the configuration stiffness of mechanisms during the mechanism design stage. It is a challenge to select appropriate 2R1T PMs with excellent stiffness performance during the design stage. Considering the operational status of 2R1T PMs, the bending and torsional stiffness are considered indices to evaluate PMs' configuration stiffness. Then a specific method is proposed to calculate these stiffness indices. At first, each branch's different types of structural and driving stiffness are judged initially, and their specific values are defined. Then the rigid-flexible coupled force model of the over-constrained 2R1T PM is established, and the proposed evaluation method is used to analyze the configuration stiffness of the five 2R1T PMs in the entire workspace. Finally, the driving force and constraint force of each branch in the whole working space are calculated to further explain the stiffness evaluating results by using the proposed method above. Obtained results demonstrate that the bending and torsional stiffness of the 2RPU/UPR/RPR mechanism along the x- and y-directions are larger than the other four mechanisms.
A T-S Fuzzy Based Model Predictive Control Method for the Direct Yaw Moment Control System Design
Authors: Wang Faan , Liu Xinqi , Yin Guodong , Xu Liwei , Liang Jinhao , Wang Yan , Lu Yanbo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Distributed drive electric vehicles (DDEVs) endow the ability to improve the vehicle stability performance through the direct yaw-moment control (DYC). However, the nonlinear characteristics pose a great challenge to the vehicle dynamics control. For this purpose, this paper studies the DYC through the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy based model predictive control to deal with the nonlinear challenge. First, a T-S fuzzy based vehicle dynamics model is established to describe the time-varying tire cornering stiffness and vehicle speeds and thus the uncertain parameters can be represented by the norm-bounded uncertainties. Then, a robust model predictive control (MPC) is developed to guarantee the vehicle handling stability. A feasible solution can be obtained through a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, the tests are conducted by the Carsim/Simulink joint platform to verify the proposed method. The comparative results show that the proposed strategy can effectively guarantee the vehicle lateral stability while handling the nonlinear challenge.