bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Insect Pest Infestation of Guinea Corn (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Stored in Food Ware-Houses, Sokoto Metropolis, Sokoto State, Nigeria
Authors: Lema S. Y. , Ibrahim J. , Suleiman J. 
Published: December 2022

Insect pest infestation is still considered a major agricultural problem affecting millions of farmers in developing countries causing a huge loss and damage tons of agricultural products. A study was conducted to assess the rate of insect pest infestation of Guinea corn Stored in Food Ware-houses in Sokoto Metropolis Sokoto State-Nigeria. A total of three hundred and sixty (360) grain samples were examined for the infestation using compound light microscope and the result was analyzed using chi-square statistical test. The result of this study showed that 222/360 (61.67%) were positive for the infestation. There were significance difference between the infestation and nature of the food ware-house (P<0.05). The result of infestation in relation to the location were the samples are collected from the food ware-houses shows that, top location 106/120 (83.33%) has the highest rate of the Infestation, followed by the middle location 72/120 (60.00%) and the least Infestation was recorded in the bottom location of the food ware-houses 50/120 (41.67%). There is also a significance difference between the infestation and locations were the samples are collected from the food ware-house (P<0.05). Of the two species identified, Tribolium confusum is found in all the three food ware-houses with the frequency of 0.7, 0.6 and 0.4 respectively while Tribolium casteneum was found only in Kuffa/Old kara food ware-house with the frequency of 0.2. This may be related to the nature of food ware-houses. Improving sanitation, proper maintenance and fumigation of the food ware-house in and out during storage and while receiving new produce will help to reduce the rate of insect pest infestation in the study area, Sokoto State and Nigeria at large.
Bronchial Foreign Bodies: Telescopic Approach in Port Harcourt
Authors: Nwogbo A. C. , Lilly–Tariah O. B. Da 
Published: December 2022

Removal of foreign bodies from the airway, especially in children require special skill and proper instrumentation. In telescopic bronchoscopy airway accessibility is made easy and hence removal becomes less challenging, compared to other methods. Aim of this study is to showcase the telescope in the process of tracheobronchial foreign body removal.
Methods: The Telescopic Bronchoscope forms the major armament for this study. This is in contrast to other types of bronchoscope used in accessing the tracheobronchial tree for foreign body extraction. The German Richard Wolf Telescopic Bronchoscope was used. Other components of this instrument include, the light source and light cable for excellent illumination. The fibre optic and rigid bronchoscopes were not used in this study.
Results: 24 children under this study presented in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, either referred from other centres or presented on their own. Fourteen (14) male and (10) ten female with male/female ratio of 2:1. Foreign bodies retrieval were groundnut (38%), fish bone (21%), others were plastic toy pieces, screw nuts. The right main bronchus, (61%) recorded the highest lodgement.
Conclusion: Foreign body in the airway especially in children is life threatening. The use of telescope offers excellent armament, preventing mortality.
Surface Cleaning and Protection Engineering via Functionalization to Awaken the Intrinsic Catalytic Activity of Co3O4
Authors: Chu Bingxian , Liu Shaoqing , Qin Qiuju , Zhao Runqi , Chen Kean , Hou Xueyan , Li Rongyao , Li Chen , Chen Jianhua , Dong Lihui , Li Bin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe inherent catalytic activity of transition metal oxide catalysts is constrained by the presence of surface hydroxyl groups, which are typical destructive poisons that are difficult to be completely removed. So, previous studies generally focused on reducing the accumulation of hydroxyl groups on the surface by introducing additional elements. In this study, a simple reflux treatment in methanol considerably increases the CO oxidation activity, water resistance, and stability of Co3O4. According to the density functional theory calculations, the cleaning of hydroxyl groups by methanol is spontaneous, and the assembled methanol has little effect on the surface chemical properties. In addition, the molecular dynamics simulations indicate that methanol molecules have formed hydrophobic entrances in the pores of Co3O4, which further protect the internal surface from erosion by water. Furthermore, methanol functionalization maintains the original CO oxidation mechanism on the clean Co3O4 surface. As a result, the inherent catalytic activity of Co3O4 is awakened while the water resistance and stability are improved. Collectively, this study establishes an atomic‐level description for the surface cleaning and protection mechanism on Co3O4 surface through functionalization by small organic molecules, which provides a new theoretical guidance for the modification strategies of transition metal oxide catalysts.
Multifunctional 3D‐Printed Pollen Grain‐Inspired Hydrogel Microrobots for On‐Demand Anchoring and Cargo Delivery
Authors: Lee Yun‐Woo , Kim Jae‐Kang , Bozuyuk Ugur , Dogan Nihal Olcay , Khan Muhammad Turab Ali , Shiva Anitha , Wild Anna‐Maria , Sitti Metin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhile a majority of wireless microrobots have shown multi‐responsiveness to implement complex biomedical functions, their functional executions are strongly dependent on the range of stimulus inputs, which curtails their functional diversity. Furthermore, their responsive functions are coupled to each other, which results in the overlap of the task operations. Here, a 3D‐printed multifunctional microrobot inspired by pollen grains with three hydrogel components is demonstrated: iron platinum (FePt) nanoparticle‐embedded pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA), poly N‐isopropylacrylamide (pNIPAM), and poly N‐isopropylacrylamide acrylic acid (pNIPAM‐AAc) structures. Each of these structures exhibits their respective targeted functions: responding to magnetic fields for torque‐driven surface rolling and steering, exhibiting temperature responsiveness for on‐demand surface attachment (anchoring), and pH‐responsive cargo release. The versatile multifunctional pollen grain‐inspired robots conceptualized here pave the way for various future medical microrobots to improve their projected performance and functional diversity.
Influence of composition on the internal diffusion mechanism of pectin–starch gel beads
Authors: Silveira Mariana Pereira , Almeida Francisco Lucas Chaves , Andreola Kaciane , Alvim Izabela Dutra , Prata Ana Silvia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPectin is a hydrocolloid commonly used as a wall material for encapsulation, meantime using a filler such as starch can improve the retention in the matrix and control the release in specific places. Formulations of pectin and starch were evaluated for bead production by ionic gelation technique using dripping and jet cutter methods. In addition, beads were dried in a fluidized bed and rotating drum at 50°C. The mean diameter, mechanical strength, yield, moisture content, the morphology of wet and dry beads, and rehydration behavior were evaluated. Furthermore, the pomegranate extract (PE) encapsulation efficiency and release in water were measured. The beads with 2.85% solids content of which 70% are pectin and 30%, waxy corn starch proved to be technologically viable and were satisfactorily dried in a fluidized bed, while on a rotating drum, drying was not efficient. Compared with pure pectin, the pectin–starch beads showed a spherical shape, smoother and more homogeneous with greater mechanical strength and greater water absorption capacity after drying in a fluidized bed. The conventional encapsulation of PE added to biopolymer solutions showed low efficiency (4.7%–43.7%) and the release velocity was higher for drip beads (~70%).
Square wave voltammetric detection of cholesterol with biosensor based on poly(styrene‐‐ε‐caprolactone)/MWCNTs composite
Authors: Kavacık Mehmet , Kilic Muhammet Samet 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA novel poly(styrene‐‐ε‐caprolactone)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/cholesterol oxidase film‐coated glassy carbon electrode was designed for cholesterol detection by square wave voltammetry (SWV). The biosensor responded to cholesterol with a measurement concentration range between 1 and 130 μM, a relative standard deviation of only 0.095% and accuracy of 100.42% ±2.85 with the SWV technique in the potential range from −0.6 to +0.6 V. The limit of detection was calculated to be 0.63 μM. The biosensor was preserved 91 and 84% of its initial response at the end of the 9st and 25st days, respectively. Human serum from human male AB plasma was analyzed without pretreatment except for dilution to investigate the performance of the biosensor in a complex medium.
Lacunes may worsen cognition but not motor function in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Chen Keke , Jin Zhaohui , Fang Jinping , Qi Lin , Liu Cui , Wang Ruidan , Su Yuan , Yan Hongjiao , Liu Aixian , Xi Jianing , Fang Boyan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs one of the imaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease, lacunes has received little attention. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations of lacunes, cognition and motor function in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and whether these associations are independent of other imaging markers.MethodsPatients were consecutively included from April 2019 to July 2022 in Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital. All patients underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging scans, clinical scale evaluations, and neuropsychological tests, as well as quantitative evaluation of postural control. To eliminate the possible factors contributing to cognition and motor dysfunction in patients with PD, in particular white matter hyperintensities and enlarged perivascular space in the basal ganglia, multivariate linear regression models were constructed to sort out the effect of lacunes.ResultsNinety‐four patients were included in this study, 56 without lacunes and 38 with lacunes. Patients with lacunes showed shorter disease duration, slower gait speed and spent more time on Trail‐Making Test part A (TMT‐A) than those without lacunes. The number of lacunes were positively correlated with the time to complete the TMT‐A and negatively related to gait speed. Multivariate linear regression models showed that the presence of lacunes was associated with longer TMT‐A time after adjusting for potential confounders.ConclusionsLacunes were independently associated with worse visual scanning, attention, and processing speed in patients with PD. In addition, lacunes may accelerate the course of PD. Early treatment of vascular disease provides an alternate way to mitigate some motor and cognitive dysfunction in patients with PD.
How expectations and therapeutic style influence counselling outcome
Authors: Schamong Isabel , D'Astolfo Lisa , Bollmann Simon , Brakemeier Eva‐Lotta , Kube Tobias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveWith a lack of experimental designs in psychotherapy/counselling process research, evidence is limited regarding which therapeutic style is helpful for which patient and the role of expectations. Therefore, the aim of this experimental study was to manipulate the therapeutic style and clients' expectations towards psychological counselling and investigate their effects on counselling outcome.MethodEighty healthy participants (74% female, Mage = 31.2 years, SDage = 12.21) received a single counselling session focussing on interpersonal conflicts. We defined two therapeutic styles (relationship‐focussed vs. problem‐focussed) based on the interpersonal circumplex, and participants were led to believe they would receive one of the two styles. In the actual counselling session, they received either the expected or the contrary, resulting in a 2 x 2 design. Primary outcome rated by participants was subjective impairment caused by the conflict 2 weeks after the session; secondary outcomes were satisfaction with the session and perceived working alliance.ResultsThe successful implementation of the proposed therapeutic styles was confirmed by adherence ratings (U = 25.50, p < 0.001) and ratings of counsellors’ behaviour in the circumplex model (p < 0.001) for the friendly and hostile dimensions. Impairment was significantly reduced 2 weeks after the counselling session, but this effect was dependent on neither the therapeutic style, clients' expectations, nor their interaction.DiscussionThe study provides the first evidence that a single counselling session appears to be effective in alleviating impairment caused by an interpersonal conflict, independent of the counselling style and client expectations. The novel experimental design provides a basis for further process research in psychological counselling and psychotherapy.
Relationship Conflict, Low Goodwill Trust, Innovation Propensity—and Help? How to Encourage Helping Behaviours Even in Conflict‐laden Work Settings
Authors: De Clercq Dirk , Pereira Renato 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo unpack the link between employees' relationship conflict and helping behaviours, this study postulates a mediating role of the extent to which employees exhibit low goodwill trust in co‐workers and a moderating role of their innovation propensity. As the findings confirm, emotion‐laden conflict compromises employees' propensities to assist co‐workers because they believe that they cannot count on co‐workers’ goodwill, which, as we theorize, is informed by their desire to protect their self‐esteem. The extent to which employees derive joy from generating novel ideas subdues this process. This study points to a notable mechanism (low goodwill trust) by which emotion‐based tensions translate into low voluntarism and how this process is disrupted by an intrinsic motivation for innovation.
Recent Advances in Boron‐Containing Acenes: Synthesis, Properties, and Optoelectronic Applications†
Authors: Guo Yongkang , Chen Cheng , Wang Xiao‐Ye 
Published: December 2022

Comprehensive SummaryAcenes with linearly fused benzene rings have attracted much attention due to their intriguing optical and electronic properties. Nevertheless, the poor ambient stability of longer acenes has hampered the investigation of their physicochemical properties and potential applications. The incorporation of main group elements into the acene backbones provides a viable strategy to enhance the stability, and meanwhile, generates a new family of heteroatom‐doped acenes (namely heteroacenes) with modified properties and functions. In particular, boron‐containing acenes represent an attractive class of heteroacenes owing to the existence of vacant p orbital of boron, which endows the π‐conjugated systems with appealing features, such as Lewis acidity, electron‐accepting capability, stimuli‐responsivity, and adjustable photophysical properties. During the past decade, significant progress has been achieved in the synthesis and applications of boron‐containing acenes, but a focused review on this topic has been elusive. Here, we summarize the recent advances in the studies on boron‐containing acenes, covering their synthesis, intriguing properties, and various applications in electroluminescence and electronic devices, as well as in biosensors, etc. We hope that this timely review will stimulate new research interest in this unique family of materials and promote their optoelectronic applications.
Primary spinal extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration and core biopsy
Authors: Tefft Jeffrey , Sheikh‐Fayyaz Silvat , Khattar Pallavi , Zhang Xinmin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe report an extremely rare case of primary spinal extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma (PSENKTL). A 54‐year‐old man presented with fever of unknown etiology for 2 months, with clinical evidence of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Imaging studies revealed multiple spinal lesions without evidence of disease in other body sites. Fine‐needle aspiration and core biopsy (FNACB) of a paraspinal mass showed a monotonous population of intermediate lymphocytes with abundant cytoplasm with fine granules, round to slightly irregular nuclei, and inconspicuous nucleoli. Core biopsy revealed diffuse infiltration by cells with a NK cell phenotype, positive Epstein–Barr virus‐encoded small RNA, and negative T‐cell receptor gene rearrangement. Bone marrow biopsy showed the presence of hemophagocytosis without evidence of lymphoma. The disease disseminated to the small bowel late in the clinical course and the patient died shortly after admission. This unusual case was diagnosed by FNACB and raised awareness of ENKTL as a differential diagnosis in spinal lesions.
Four challenges to CAR T cells breaking the glass ceiling
Authors: Bailey Stefanie R. , Berger Trisha R. , Graham Charlotte , Larson Rebecca C. , Maus Marcela V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCell‐based therapies using chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T) have had dramatic efficacy in the clinic and can even mediate curative responses in patients with hematologic malignancies. As living drugs, engineered cells can still be detected in some patients even years after the original infusion. The excitement around the cell therapy field continues to expand as recent reports have shown that CAR T cells can induce remission in patients with autoimmune disease. While these promising advances in the field garner hope for wide‐spread utility of CAR T therapies across diseases, several roadblocks exist that currently limit the access and efficacy of this therapy in the clinic. Herein, we will discuss four major obstacles that the CAR T field faces, including toxicity, identifying tumor‐specific antigens, improving function in solid tumors, and reducing manufacturing complexity and cost. CAR T cells have potential for a multitude of diseases, but these glass ceilings will need to be broken in order to improve clinical responses and make this potentially life‐saving therapy accessible to a larger patient population.
Human assumed central sensitization in people with acute non‐specific low back pain: A cross‐sectional study of the association with brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, clinical, psychological and demographic factors
Authors: Chang Wei‐Ju , Jenkins Luke C. , Humburg Peter , Schabrun Siobhan M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly evidence suggests human assumed central sensitization (HACS) is present in some people with acute low back pain (LBP). Factors influencing individual variation in HACS during acute LBP have not been fully explored. We aimed to examine the evidence for HACS in acute LBP and the contribution of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), clinical, psychological and demographic factors to HACS.MethodsParticipants with acute LBP (<6 weeks after pain onset, N = 118) and pain‐free controls (N = 57) from a longitudinal trial were included. Quantitative sensory testing including pressure and heat pain thresholds and conditioned pain modulation, BDNF serum concentration and genotype and questionnaires were assessed.ResultsThere were no signs of HACS during acute LBP at group level when compared with controls. Sensory measures did not differ when compared between controls and LBP participants with different BDNF genotypes. Two LBP subgroups with distinct sensory profiles were identified. Although one subgroup (N = 60) demonstrated features of HACS including pressure/heat pain hypersensitivity at a remote site and deficient conditioned pain modulation, pain severity and disability did not differ between the two subgroups. Variation in sensory measures (~33%) was partially explained by BDNF genotype, sex, age and psychological factors.ConclusionsThis study confirms that HACS is present in some people with acute LBP, but this was not associated with pain or disability. Further, no relationship was observed between BDNF and HACS in acute LBP. More research is needed to understand factors contributing to individual variation in sensory measures in LBP.SignificanceHuman assumed central sensitization (HACS) is present in acute low back pain (LBP) but factors contributing to individual variation are not fully explored. This study investigated the relationship between factors such as brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and HACS in acute LBP. Our findings indicate that HACS was present in specific LBP subgroups but BDNF was unrelated to HACS. Combinations of BDNF genotype, demographic and psychological factors explained a small proportion of the variation in sensory measures during acute LBP.
Practical macro‐element for vertical and batter pile groups
Authors: Cemalovic Miran , Castro José Miguel , Kaynia Amir M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a novel macro‐element for vertical and batter pile groups. The numerical scheme is based on de‐coupled, single pile response. Each pile consists of two separate load‐displacement formulations (axial and transverse) that take a displacement increment as input and return a diagonal tangent stiffness value. The effect of rotation is implicitly incorporated in the transverse load‐displacement formulation. The presented macro‐element does not require pre‐defined failure surfaces or other parameters, and is therefore not restricted to a specific foundation configuration, soil profile or soil type. The macro‐element may be calibrated using any type of non‐linear pile‐soil model. The developed macro‐element is validated using rigorous numerical models for a variety of configurations.
Decreased antibody response to influenza vaccine with an enhanced antibody response to subsequent SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: He Taiyu , Ling Ning , Zhang Gaoli , Xiang Dejuan , Hu Peng , Peng Mingli , Cai Dachuan , Zhang Dazhi , Chen Min , Ren Hong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionInfluenza or SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination is especially recommended for people with underlying diseases. For the large number of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHB), studies on their immune responses to these vaccines are still lacking.MethodsA total of 57 CHB patients and 19 healthy controls (HCs) receiving inactivated influenza vaccination were prospectively followed up. Influenza‐specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies (anti‐H1N1, anti‐H3N2, and anti‐B IgG), antibody‐secreting cells (ASCs), and circulating T follicular helper cells were assessed simultaneously. Eight CHB patients subsequently got inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination during 1‐year follow‐up, and levels of serum antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 were further analyzed.ResultsOn day 28 after influenza vaccination, three influenza antibodies levels appeared to be lower in CHB patients than in HCs. And anti‐H1N1 IgG level was significantly decreased in cirrhotic patients (p < .05). Anti‐H1N1 IgG levels (day 28) were positively correlated with ASC frequencies (day 7) (p < .05), and negatively correlated with cirrhosis and hepatitis B surface antigen levels (p < .05). Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies were higher in patients with influenza vaccination history than in patients without the history (p < .05). Moreover, positive correlations existed between influenza vaccination history and anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody levels (p < .01).ConclusionsCHB patients, especially those with cirrhosis, appeared to have a decreased antibody response to inactivated influenza vaccine. A history of inactivated influenza vaccination within 1 year before inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination might induce stronger anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody response.