bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assistência de enfermagem a idosos portadores de HIV/AIDS: revisão integrativa
Authors: Ramos Vitor Ferreira , Amarante Mariana de Oliveira , Ananias Daniela Marina da Silva , Costa Andrielli Magalhães , Santos Samantha Gabrielly Freitas dos , Silva Barbara de Assis , Miyoshi Caroline Midore , Sousa Maria Vitória Santos de , Aguiar Ariadne Alves , Brito Jhônata Santos 
Published: January 2023

A pesquisa objetivou analisar a produção científica brasileira nos últimos cinco anos acerca da assistência de enfermagem prestada aos idosos portadores de HIV (Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana) /AIDS (Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida). Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados: MEDLINE, LILACS e BDENF. Os descritores utilizados foram “Idoso”, “Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida”, “HIV”, “Cuidados de Enfermagem”, “Enfermagem geriátrica” por meio dos operadores booleanos AND e OR. Para o critério de inclusão foram considerados estudos primários em português dos últimos cinco anos e disponíveis na íntegra. Foram excluídos os estudos duplicados, teses e dissertações, revisões da literatura e os artigos que não respondiam ao objetivo do estudo. Dos 119 estudos encontrados, 11 foram selecionados. Com a leitura e análise, pode-se identificar a assistência de enfermagem aos idosos portadores de HIV/AIDS em ações de educação em saúde, estratégias para a disseminação de conhecimento entre os idosos referente a vida sexual, capacitação dos profissionais e as articulações não só entre os diferentes níveis de atenção à saúde, como também entre as equipes multiprofissionais no desenvolvimento de ações preventivas, de tratamento e acompanhamento. É imprescindível o conhecimento e capacitação das equipes multiprofissionais acerca das vulnerabilidades vivenciadas pelos idosos. Além disso, nota-se a necessidade de criação de políticas públicas, programas e projetos, com o intuito de identificar precocemente e dirimir as consequências da infecção do HIV/AIDS nos idosos. Palavras-chave: Cuidados de enfermagem; Idoso; HIV; Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida.
Biossegurança no preparo de instrumentos utilizados em cutilagem de unhas em institutos de embelezamento
Authors: Neves Giselda Bezerra Correia , Silva Edson Wanderley da , Lopes Vinicius José da Silva , Santos José  Luís Silva dos , Castro Alicy Gabryelle Silva de , Santana Maria Júlia Silva , Bessa Petrônio Rufino Ferreira , Medeiros Thiago Pettrus Maia de , Souza Danielle Ribeiro de , Portugal Wanuska Munique 
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Elaborar protocolos operacionais padrão (POPs) para o preparo de instrumentos utilizados em cutilagem de unhas. Método: Pesquisa descritiva, com elaboração de vídeos educativos sobre preparo e esterilização de instrumentos para Instituto de embelezamento sem responsabilidade médica (IESRM). Foram elaborados dois (POPs): 1- Uso de Equipamento de Proteção Individual (EPI) para manipulação dos instrumentos cortantes. 2- Processamento dos instrumentos para remoção de cutícula (alicates e afastadores). Resultados: Os 02 POP’s elaborados foram em formato de vídeo, com paramentação e desparamentação dos EPI’S e preparo dos Instrumentos, contendo o fluxo de: limpeza com sabão neutro, embalagem com papel grau cirúrgico, esterilização por autoclave à vapor. Conclusão: Os POP’s elaborados quando bem utilizados, tem o intuito de oferecer subsídios para as atividades de cutilação de unhas com segurança, minimizando os riscos e possíveis danos à saúde dos profissionais e dos clientes, sobre exposição à patógenos, tais como hepatite C (HCV), hepatite B (HBV), Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) vinculados por uma possível contaminação dos instrumentos com sangue, por fim é fundamental o treinamento para a consolidação do uso correto do POP e alcance da biossegurança em institutos de embelezamento.
Kompetensprofilen hos undervisande personal på socionomutbildningar
Authors: Salonen Tapio , Panican Alexandru 
Published: January 2023

The competence profile of teaching staff in social work education programs - a strategic issue for the field of social work
In the past four decades, the higher education in social work has expanded greatly in Sweden, but analyses of what this development means for the field of social work are few. No scientific text pays specifically attention to the competence profile of the teaching staff. The aim of this article is to investigate the quality of the education with a focus on the competence profile among teaching staff in social work education programs. The competence profile is analysed by studying the competence on social work as academic discipline (Bachelor of Science in Social Work for non-PhD teaching staff and PhD in social work for staff with doctoral degree) and scientific level (PhD among the teaching staff) based on two quality criteria: two-thirds of the teaching staff with doctoral degree and two-thirds with social work as their main academic discipline. The article has a comparative approach by comparing both the competence profile between higher education institutions with social work programs 2020 and the development between 2008-2020. The article uses quantifiable data that has been collected through a survey with basic facts about the teaching stuff from all institutions with social work programs and statistical data from the Swedish Higher Education Authority. The analyses of the empirical material has led to two main conclusions regarding the competence profile of teaching staff: none of the higher education institution with social work program in Sweden meets both quality criteria and the differences between the institutions risk to develop an stratified higher education with a hierarchy between social work programs with negative consequences for the discipline as well as for the students’, labour market entry after graduation and for clients.
Ground reaction forces during double limb stances while walking in individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation
Authors: Kobayashi Toshiki , Koh Mark W. P. , Jor Abu , Hisano Genki , Murata Hiroto , Ichimura Daisuke , Hobara Hiroaki 
Published: January 2023

The asymmetrical gait of individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation has been well documented. However, there is not a wealth of investigation into asymmetries during the double limb stance depending on whether the intact or prosthetic limb is leading. The first aim of this study was to compare ground reaction forces during the double limb stance of individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation depending on whether their intact (initial double limb stance) or prosthetic (terminal double limb stance) limb was leading. The second aim of this study was to compare the asymmetry ratio of ground reaction forces during the double limb stance between individuals with and without unilateral transfemoral amputation. Thirty individuals, fifteen with unilateral transfemoral amputation and fifteen who were able-bodied, were recruited for this study. Each individual walked on an instrumented treadmill for 30 s at eight different speeds, ranging from 2.0 km/h to 5.5 km/h with .5 km/h increments. Ground reaction force parameters, temporal parameters, and asymmetry ratios of all parameters were computed from the data collected. The appropriate statistical analyses of all data based on normality were conducted to investigate the aims of this study. Significant main effects of speed, double limb stance, and their interactions were found for most parameters (p&lt; .01 orp&lt; .05). Individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation spent a longer duration in terminal double limb stance than initial double limb stance at all tested speeds. They also experienced significantly higher peak vertical ground reaction force during initial double limb stance compared to terminal double limb stance with increasing walking speed. However, during terminal double limb stance, higher anteroposterior ground reaction force at initial contact was found when compared to initial double limb stance. Significant differences between individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation and able-bodied individuals were found in asymmetry ratios for peak vertical ground reaction force, anteroposterior ground reaction force, anteroposterior shear, and mediolateral shear at all tested speeds. Asymmetrical loading persists in individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation during double limb stance. Increasing walking speed increased ground reaction force loading asymmetries, which may make individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation more susceptible to knee osteoarthritis or other musculoskeletal disorders. Further study is necessary to develop ideal gait strategies for the minimization of gait asymmetry in individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation.
Electrically driven heartbeat effect of gallium-based liquid metal on a ratchet
Authors: Wang Shutong , Zhang Yue , Wang Jiuyang , Ren Dongmei , Yu Zhenwei 
Published: January 2023

The realization of the liquid metal heartbeat effect shows better controllability under non-periodic stimuli than spontaneous oscillation or periodic stimuli. However, adjusting the liquid metal heartbeat performance, drop spreading area, and frequency, solely by the magnitude of the voltage, has great limitations. Here, we demonstrate that the eGaIn drop can beat inside graphite ring electrodes under DC voltage in alkaline solutions on ratchet substrates. These sawtooth structures provide asymmetric textures which influence liquid metal deformation during the beating of the heart. We achieved heartbeat frequencies from 2.7 to 4.8 Hz, a 100% increase in the tunable frequency range compared to that on a flat surface. The oxidative spreading of the eGaIn drop on the ratchet substrate shows that the drop penetrates into the grooves of the sawtooth structure. Moreover, we investigated the physical mechanisms affecting the eGaIn heartbeat frequency and the influence on the spreading area of the eGaIn drop at various sawtooth sizes and orientations. These findings not only enhance our understanding of droplet manipulation on sawtooth-structured surfaces but also facilitate the design of microfluidic pump systems.
Paced breathing and respiratory movement responses evoked by bidirectional constant current stimulation in anesthetized rabbits
Authors: Gu Xiaoyu , Guo Zixuan , Cai Maolin , Shi Yan , Wang Shoukun , Xie Fei 
Published: January 2023

Objective: Diaphragm pacing (DP) is a long-term and effective respiratory assist therapy for patients with central alveolar hypoventilation and high cervical spinal cord injury. The existing DP system has some limitations, especially high price, inconvenience preoperative evaluation methods and diaphragm fatigue easily. Our objective was to develop a DP system and evaluated reliability through hardware testing and animal experiments.Methods: A DP system with bidirectional constant current was designed, manufactured and tested. Effects of a wide range of stimulus amplitudes (range: .5–2.5 mA) and frequencies (range: 10–250 Hz) on airflow and corresponding inspired volume were investigated during DP. Differences in airflow characteristics under various stimulation parameters were evaluated using power function. ECG interference in diaphragm electromyography (EMGdi) was filtered out using stationary wavelet transform to obtain pure EMGdi (EMGdip). 80-min period with a tendency for diaphragm fatigue by root mean square (RMS) and centroid frequency (fc) of EMGdip was studied.Results: The increase of stimulus frequency and amplitude in animals resulted in different degrees of increase in envoked volume. Significant difference in Airflow Index (b) between anesthesia and DP provided a simple, non-invasive and feasible solution for phrenic nerve conduction function test. Increased stimulation duration with the developed DP system caused less diaphragm fatigue.Conclusion: A modular, inexpensive and reliable DP was successfully developed. Its effectiveness was confirmed in animal experiments.Significance: This study is useful for design of future implantable diaphragmatic pacemakers for improving diaphragm fatigue and convenient assessment of respiratory activity in experiments.
The probiotic and immunomodulation effects of Limosilactobacillus reuteri RGW1 isolated from calf feces
Authors: Huang Kailang , Shi Weibing , Yang Bin , Wang Jiakun 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionLimosilactobacillus reuteri is a gut symbiont with multiple remarkable beneficial effects on host health, and members of L. reuteri are valuable probiotic agents. However, L. reuteri showed obvious host specificity.MethodsIn our study, a novel L. reuteri RGW1 was isolated from feces of healthy calves, and its potential as a probiotic candidate were assessed, by combining in vitro, in vivo experiments and genomic analysis.Results and discussionRGW1 was sensitive to all the antibiotics tested, and it did not contain any virulence factor-coding genes. This isolate showed good tolerance to acid (pH 3.0), 0.3% bile salt, and simulated gastric fluid. Moreover, this isolate showed a high hydrophobicity index (73.7 ± 4.6%) and was able to adhere to Caco-2 cells, and antagonize Escherichia coli F5. Treatment of LPS-induced mice with RGW1 elevated TGF-β and IL-10 levels, while RGW1 cell-free supernatant (RCS) decreased TNF-α levels in the sera. Both RGW1 and RCS increased the villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio of colon. Genomic analysis revealed the mechanism of the probiotic properties described above, and identified the capacity of RGW1 to biosynthesize L-lysine, folate, cobalamin and reuterin de novo. Our study demonstrated the novel bovine origin L. reuteri RGW1 had multiple probiotic characteristics and immunomodulation effects, and provided a deeper understanding of the relationship between these probiotic properties and genetic features.
Characteristics of in situ stress field of coalbed methane reservoir and its influence on permeability in western Guizhou coalfield, China
Authors: Lv Fang , Yang Ruidong , Yi Tongsheng , Gao Wei , Wang Xu , Cheng Wei , Zhang Yan , Li Ronglei , Yan Zhihua , Liu Yaohui , Li Geng 
Published: January 2023

In-situ stress is an important indicator for the preferential selection of coalbed methane (CBM) exploration dessert zones, and is a key factor affecting the production capacity of coalbed methane wells. Coal reservoir permeability is one of the key parameters to evaluate the recoverability and modifiability of coalbed methane and reflects the seepage capacity of coal reservoirs. In this study, in situ stress data were collected from multiple injection/fall-off tests of multiple parameter wells in western Guizhou province, China The relationships among parameters such as pore pressure (Pp), closure pressure (Pc), breakdown pressure (Pb), in situ stress, coal permeability, and depth were explore. Using Anderson’s classification method, the distribution of three different in situ stress states was counted. A new simplified model diagram of triaxial principal stress and depth in the study area is proposed by linearly fitting the triaxial principal stress and burial depth. The envelope equation and median equation of the lateral pressure coefficient k-value stress ratio with depth of burial obtained by Brown and Hoek method were calculated using hyperbolic regression algorithm. The k-values were found to be discrete at shallower depths and converge at deeper depths, gradually converging to .65. The control of in situ stress on the permeability of coal reservoirs was explored, and a strong positive correlation was found between the permeability and the Z-shaped variation of the lateral pressure coefficient k-values at shallow depths of 1,000 m. Also, the distribution pattern of vertical permeability basically corresponds to the stress transition zone from the strike-slip fault mode to the normal fault mode. The coal seam permeability has a strong sensitivity to effective in situ stress (EIS). In this study, the least squares method with multiple fitting of power exponents is applied to analyze the control mechanism of EIS on permeability in depth and reveal a new relationship between permeability and EIS that is different from that considered by previous authors. Summarizing the above research results, the vertical CBM in western Guizhou is divided into three development potential zones, and 400–1,000 m burial depth is the most favorable vertical development zone.
Crater effects of shallow burial explosions in soil based on SPH-FEM analysis
Authors: Cui Ying , Li Zhangjian , Fang Jun , Zhao Ben 
Published: January 2023

This study analyzed the effects and influencing factors of shallowly-buried explosions in soil based on the design and implementation of static explosion experiments and numerical simulations. Based on the static explosion test data, a numerical analysis model of SPH-FEM was established and the explosion process and pit parameters in explosions shallowly buried in soil were analyzed. The results of numerical calculations and comparisons verified the effectiveness of the SPH-FEM method in simulating shallowly-buried explosions in soil. Furthermore, the similarities and differences between the SPH-FEM and ALE methods in the numerical simulation of the same explosion in the soil were assessed. The relationships between the blasting pit radius and explosive depth, and between the explosives weight and pit volume were analyzed. The empirical curve formula of the explosive depth and the crater radius with 9.35 kg of TNT explosive were obtained by mathematical fitting. The results showed that the SPH-FEM method was more refined and more computationally efficient than the ALE method to simulate shallow burial explosions in soil. The established empirical curve formula, which expressed the relationship between the explosive burial depth and the pit radius, effectively predicted the pit radius of the shallow burial explosion. With increasing explosive burial depth, the pit radius increased to the peak value and then decreased rapidly.
Seismic architecture of Yongle isolated carbonate platform in Xisha Archipelago, South China Sea
Authors: Liu Gang , Wu Shiguo , Gao Jinwei , Zhang Hanyu , Han Xiaohui , Qin Yongpeng , Tian Liyan , Chen Wanli , Huang Xiaoxia 
Published: January 2023

This study presented recently reprocessed multi-channel seismic data and multi-beam bathymetric map to reveal the geomorphology and stratigraphic architecture of the Yongle isolated carbonate platform in the Xisha Archipelago, northwestern South China Sea. Our results show that the upper slope angles of Yongle carbonate platform exceed 10° and even reach to ∼32.5° whereas the lower slope angles vary from .5° to 5.3°. The variations of slope angles show that margins of Yongle Atoll belong to escarpment (bypass) margins to erosional (escarpment) margins. The interior of carbonate platform is characterized by sub-parallel to parallel, semi-continuous to continuous reflectors with medium-to high-amplitude and low-to medium-frequency. The platform shows a sub-flat to flat-topped shape in its geometry with aggradation and backstepping occurring on the platform margins. According to our seismic-well correlation, the isolated carbonate platform started forming in Early Miocene, grew during Early to Middle Miocene, and subsequently underwent drowning in Late Miocene, Pliocene and Quaternary. Large-scale submarine mass transport deposits are observed in the southeastern and southern slopes of Yongle Atoll to reshape the slopes since Late Miocene. The magmatism and hydrothermal fluid flow pipes around the Yongle Atoll have been active during 10.5–2.6 Ma. Their activity might intensify dolomitization of the Xisha isolated carbonate platforms during Late Miocene to Pliocene. Our results further suggest that the Yongle carbonate platform is situated upon a pre-existing fault-bounded block with a flat pre-Cenozoic basement rather than a large scale volcano as previously known and the depth of the basement likely reached to 1400 m, which is deeper than the well CK-2 suggested.
CoFHE: Software and hardware Co-design for FHE-based machine learning as a service
Authors: Zheng Mengxin , Ju Lei , Jiang Lei 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Privacy concerns arise whenever sensitive data is outsourced to untrusted Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) platforms. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) emerges one of the most promising solutions to implementing privacy-preserving MLaaS. But prior FHE-based MLaaS faces challenges from both software and hardware perspectives. First, FHE can be implemented by various schemes including BGV, BFV, and CKKS, which are good at different FHE operations, e.g., additions, multiplications, and rotations. Different neural network architectures require different numbers of FHE operations, thereby preferring different FHE schemes. However, state-of-the-art MLaaS just naïvely chooses one FHE scheme to build FHE-based neural networks without considering other FHE schemes. Second, state-of-the-art MLaaS uses power-hungry hardware accelerators to process FHE-based inferences. Typically, prior high-performance FHE accelerators consume >160 Watt, due to their huge capacity (e.g., 512 MB) on-chip SRAM scratchpad memories.Methods: In this paper, we propose a software and hardware co-designed FHE-based MLaaS framework, CoFHE. From the software perspective, we propose an FHE compiler to select the best FHE scheme for a network architecture. We also build a low-power and high-density NAND-SPIN and SRAM hybrid scratchpad memory system for FHE hardware accelerators.Results: On average, under the same security and accuracy constraints, on average, CoFHE accelerates various FHE-based inferences by 18%, and reduces the energy consumption of various FHE-based inferences by 26%.Discussion: CoFHE greatly improves the latency and energy efficiency of FHE-based MLaaS.
Glycaemic control and novel technology management strategies in pregestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Newman Christine , Ero Adesuwa , Dunne Fidelma P. 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionPregestational diabetes (PGDM) is an increasingly common and complex condition that infers risk to both mother and infant. To prevent serious morbidity, strict glycaemic control is essential. The aim of this review is to review the glucose sensing and insulin delivering technologies currently available for women with PGDM.MethodsWe reviewed online databases for articles relating to technology use in pregnancy using a combination of keywords and MeSH headings. Relevant articles are included below.ResultsA number of technological advancements have improved care and outcomes for women with PGDM. Real time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) offers clear advantages in terms of infants size and neonatal intensive care unit admissions; and further benefits are seen when combined with continuous subcutaneous insulin delivery (insulin pump) and algorithms which continuously adjust insulin levels to glucose targets (hybrid closed loop). Other advancements including flash or intermittent scanning CGM (isCGM) and stand-alone insulin pumps do not confer as many advantages for women and their infants, however they are increasingly used outside of pregnancy and many women enter pregnancy already using these devices.DiscussionThis article offers a discussion of the most commonly used technologies in pregnancy and evaluates their current and future roles.