bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IgG4 Disease-Related Ataxia
Authors: Hadjivassiliou Marios , Blackburn Daniel , O’Malley Ronan , Hoggard Nigel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe describe a male patient presenting with cerebellar ataxia and behavioural frontotemporal dementia in whom imaging showed cerebellar atrophy. He had significantly low N-acetyl aspartate to creatine (NAA/Cr) area ratio on MR spectroscopy of the cerebellum, primarily affecting the vermis. CT body scan showed extensive abnormal tissue within the mesentery, the retroperitoneum and perinephric areas. PET-CT showed increased tracer uptake within the wall of the aorta suggestive of an aortitis and within the perinephric tissue bilaterally. Biopsy of the perinephric tissue confirmed IgG4 disease. Treatment with steroids and mycophenolate improved his clinical state, but he developed symptoms attributed to pericardiac effusion that necessitated treatment initially with drainage and subsequently with pericardial window. After a course of rituximab, he had an episode of sepsis that did not respond to appropriate treatment and died as a result. Both the imaging findings and neurological presentation with cerebellar ataxia and behavioural frontotemporal dementia are novel in the context of IgG4 disease.
Rapid evaluation of capillary pressure and relative permeability for oil–water flow in tight sandstone based on a physics-informed neural network
Authors: Ji Lili , Xu Fengyang , Lin Mian , Jiang Wenbin , Cao Gaohui , Wu Songtao , Jiang Xiaohua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEfficient and accurate evaluation of capillary pressure and relative permeability of oil–water flow in tight sandstone with limited routinely obtainable parameters is a crucial problem in tight oil reservoir modeling and petroleum engineering. Due to the multiscale pore structure, there is complex nonlinear multiphase flow in tight sandstone. Additionally, wetting behavior caused by mineral components remarkably influences oil–water displacement in multiscale pores. All this makes predicting capillary pressure and relative permeability in tight sandstone extremely difficult. This paper proposes a physics-informed neural network, integrating five important physical models, the improved parallel genetic algorithm (PGA), and the neural network to simulate the two-phase capillary pressure and relative permeability of tight sandstone. To describe the nonlinear multiphase flow and the wettability behavior, five physical models, including the non-Darcy liquid flow rate formula, apparent permeability (AP) formula, and contact angle-capillary pressure relationship, are coupled into the neural network to improve the prediction accuracy. In addition, the input parameters and the structure of the physics-informed neural network are simplified based on analyzing the change rule of the oil–water flow with the main controlling factors, which can also save training time and improve the accuracy of the neural network. To obtain the data for training the coupled neural network, the dataset of tight sandstone in Ordos Basin is constructed with experimentally measured data and various fluid flow properties as constraints. The test results demonstrate that the estimated capillary pressure and relative permeability from the physics-informed neural network are in good agreement with the test ones. Finally, we have compared the physics-informed neural network with the quasi-static pore network model (QSPNM), dynamic pore network model (DPNM), and conventional artificial neural network (ANN). The calculation time of QSPNM and DPNM are hundreds of times longer than that of the physics-informed neural network. The coupled neural network has also performed much better than the conventional ANN. As the heterogeneity of pore spaces in tight sandstone increases, the advantages of the physics-informed neural network over ANN are more prominent. The prediction models generated in this study can estimate the capillary pressure and relative permeability based on only four routine parameters in a few seconds. Therefore, the physics-informed neural network in this paper can provide the potential parameters for large-scale reservoir simulation.
Petrophysical log-driven kerogen typing: unveiling the potential of hybrid machine learning
Authors: Azadivash Ahmad , Soleymani Hosseinali , Kadkhodaie Ali , Yahyaee Farshid , Rabbani Ahmad Reza 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe importance of characterizing kerogen type in evaluating source rock and the nature of hydrocarbon yield is emphasized. However, traditional laboratory geochemical assessments can be time-intensive and costly. In this study, an innovative approach was taken to bridge this gap by utilizing machine learning techniques to ascertain key parameters—Organic Oxygen Index (OI), Hydrogen Index (HI), and kerogen type—from petrophysical logs of a well in the Perth Basin, Western Australia. This approach assembled geochemical data from 138 cutting samples of the Kockatea and Woodada formations and petrophysical log data. Subsequently, six machine learning algorithms were applied to predict the OI and HI parameters. The efficacy of these methods was assessed using statistical parameters, including Coefficient of Determination (R2), Average Percentage Relative Error, Average Absolute Percentage Relative Error, Root Mean Square Error, and Standard Deviation. The Support Vector Machines method emerged as the standout performer, with an R2 of 0.993 for the OI and 0.989 for the HI, establishing itself as an optimal tool for predicting these indices. Additionally, six classifiers were employed to determine kerogen types, with accuracy tested using precision, recall, F1-Score, and accuracy parameters.The study's findings highlight the superiority of the Gradient Boosting method in kerogen-type classification, achieving an impressive accuracy rate of 93.54%. It is concluded that when utilized with petrophysical logs, machine learning methodologies offer a powerful, efficient, and cost-effective alternative for determining OI, HI, and kerogen type. The novelty of this approach lies in its ability to accurately predict these crucial parameters using readily available well-log data, potentially revolutionizing traditional geochemical analysis practices.
Graphical abstract
Supercritical fluid (SCF)-assisted preparation of cyclodextrin-based poly(pseudo)rotaxanes for transdermal purposes
Authors: Cardoso Gleidson , Gonzalez Carlos A. García , Santos-Rosales Víctor , Taveira Stephania Fleury , Cunha-Filho Marcilio , Concheiro Angel , Alvarez-Lorenzo Carmen , Marreto Ricardo Neves 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of the preparation of solid dispersions using supercritical CO2 (scCO2) on the physicochemical properties and the performance of supramolecular gels based on polymer-cyclodextrin (CD) interactions (named poly(pseudo)rotaxanes, PPR) envisaging a transdermal administration. Solid dispersions containing Soluplus®, the antihypertensive drug carvedilol (CAR), and CD (αCD or HPβCD) were prepared and characterized by HPLC, XRPD, FTIR, and DSC. PPRs prepared from solid dispersions (SCF gels) and the corresponding physical mixtures (PM gels) were analyzed regarding rheology, morphology, in vitro drug diffusion, and ex vivo drug skin permeation. The application of scCO2 led to the loss of the crystalline lattice of CAR while preserving its chemical identity. On the contrary, αCD crystals were still present in the SCF solid dispersions. SCF gels were more uniform than their corresponding PM, and the supercritical treatment resulted in changes in the rheological behavior, reducing the viscosity. CAR in vitro diffusion was significantly higher (p < 0.05) for the αCD-based SCF gel than its corresponding PM gel. Drug skin permeation showed a significant increase in drug flux from CD-based SCF gels (containing αCD or HPβCD) compared to corresponding PM gels. Additionally, the pretreatment of the skin with αCD exhibited increased CAR permeation, suggesting an interaction between αCD and the skin membrane. Results evidenced that SCF processing decisively modified the properties of the supramolecular gels, particularly those prepared with αCD.

Graphical Abstract
Fieldwork from A–Z? Exploring shifting identities in doctoral research in Australia and Zimbabwe
Authors: Harper Matthew , Smithers Kathleen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile research into PhD programs and doctoral students’ experiences has increased in recent years, fieldwork is overlooked as a source of learning and support. In education, the focus of this paper, fieldwork remains laced with notions of the anthropologist gathering data in a place that is not their own, which narrowly construct the role of the novice and their expectations around ‘doing’ research. To demonstrate the relevance of these issues and key ethical tensions that they underpin, we explored our recent PhD fieldwork experiences within classrooms in Australian and Zimbabwean schools. By analysing fieldnotes from our lived experiences, we identified similarities between conducting fieldwork ‘out there’ (in Zimbabwe) and ‘at home’ (in Australia). These similarities highlighted a multitude of roles and dynamics associated with the researcher presence, as well as the importance of balancing complex needs during fieldwork. Our analyses also revealed how daily in situ interactions with participants—and others—were crucial to the development of our identities and data gathering practices. We argue that ongoing efforts to demystify fieldwork experiences are critical for understanding that ‘the field’ is not simply ‘out there’ and offer practical suggestions for current and future doctoral students to consider.
Zirconia: More and More Translucent
Authors: Hjerppe Jenni , Özcan Mutlu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Yttria-stabilized zirconium dioxide, 3 mol% Y-TZP (zirconia, 3Y-TZP) was introduced as a prosthetic material to provide metal-free, tooth-colored, and durable material option for the patients. However, its optical properties are not ideal. This review describes the different strategies to increase translucency of zirconia material and summarizes the current knowledge of translucent zirconia for fixed prosthodontic applications.

Recent Findings
One of the most common ways of increasing the translucency of zirconia is to add the cubic phase by increasing Y2O3 content. Y2O3 4Y mol% and Y2O3 5Y mol% partially stabilized zirconia materials seem to have better optical properties compared to 3Y-TZP materials but with less favorable mechanical properties.

Summary
Despite the attempts to develop a translucent zirconia material, its optical properties are still far from those of natural tooth structures. Possible solution for achieving more translucent and durable zirconia material could be utilizing nanocrystalline zirconia. The production of nanocrystalline zirconia is yet very technique-sensitive, and the sintering process needs to be well controlled. Additional research in this field is needed before recommendation for clinical use. In the future, the challenge will be in achieving balance between improved translucency without sacrificing from mechanical properties. This would apply not only for subtractive but also additively manufactured zirconia ceramics.
Highly Selective Electrocatalytic CuEDTA Reduction by MoS2 Nanosheets for Efficient Pollutant Removal and Simultaneous Electric Power Output
Authors: Qin Hehe , Liu Xinru , Liu Xiangyun , Zhao Hongying , Mao Shun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic reduction of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid copper (CuEDTA), a typical refractory heavy metal complexation pollutant, is an environmental benign method that operates at mild condition. Unfortunately, the selective reduction of CuEDTA is still a big challenge in cathodic process. In this work, we report a MoS2 nanosheet/graphite felt (GF) cathode, which achieves an average Faraday efficiency of 29.6% and specific removal rate (SRR) of 0.042 mol/cm2/h for CuEDTA at − 0.65 V vs SCE (saturated calomel electrode), both of which are much higher than those of the commonly reported electrooxidation technology-based removal systems. Moreover, a proof-of-concept CuEDTA/Zn battery with Zn anode and MoS2/GF cathode is demonstrated, which has bifunctions of simultaneous CuEDTA removal and energy output. This is one of the pioneer studies on the electrocatalytic reduction of heavy metal complex and CuEDTA/Zn battery, which brings new insights in developing efficient electrocatalytic reduction system for pollution control and energy output.
Contrastive text summarization: a survey
Authors: Ströhle Thomas , Campos Ricardo , Jatowt Adam 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn our data-flooded age, an enormous amount of redundant, but also disparate textual data is collected on a daily basis on a wide variety of topics. Much of this information refers to documents related to the same theme, that is, different versions of the same document, or different documents discussing the same topic. Being aware of such differences turns out to be an important aspect for those who want to perform a comparative task. However, as documents increase in size and volume, keeping up-to-date, detecting, and summarizing relevant changes between different documents or versions of it becomes unfeasible. This motivates the rise of the contrastive or comparative summarization task, which attempts to summarize the text of different documents related to the same topic in a way that highlights the relevant differences between them. Our research aims to provide a systematic literature review on contrastive or comparative summarization, highlighting the different methods, data sets, metrics, and applications. Overall, we found that contrastive summarization is most commonly used in controversial news articles, controversial opinions or sentiments on a topic, and reviews of a product. Despite the great interest in the topic, we note that standard data sets, as well as a competitive task dedicated to this topic, are yet to come to be proposed, eventually impeding the emergence of new methods. Moreover, the great breakthrough of using deep learning-based language models for abstract summaries in contrastive summarization is still missing.
Electro-magnetic Field Effect on an Elastic Thermo-microstretch Porous Media Immersed in an Infinite Inviscid Liquid via Three-Phase Lag Model
Authors: Othman Mohamed I. A. , Eraki Ebtesam E. M. , Atwa Sarhan Y. , Ismail Mohamed F. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this work is to study porous thermo-elastic behavior in a half-space elastic micro-stretch media enveloped in an unbounded inviscid liquid with a magnetic field, utilizing three-phase lag model (3PHL) and Green–Naghdi theory of type III (G–N III).

Methods
The analytical technique used to obtain the ordinary differential equations was normal mode analysis. The Gauthier composite element is employed in an implementation to start comparing the observations—magnetic field on thermo-micro-stretch elastic porous medium completely covered in the endless fluid of G–N III theory with those for the model of 3PHL.

Results
The magnetic field has been observed to make a significant impact over all physical quantities. Also, comparisons have been made for four various frequency values which explained that the frequency has an important role on the physical quantities.

Conclusion
Overall, the research on the magnetic field effect on thermo-micro-stretch porous media immersed in a liquid has several potential practical implications and engineering applications in various fields, such as biomedical, environmental, chemical, and energy engineering.
Biochar-mediated Cd accumulation in rice grains through altering chemical forms, subcellular distribution, and physiological characteristics
Authors: Chen Le , Guo Lin , Xiong Qiangqiang , Liao Ping , Deng Xueyun , Pan Xiaohua , Tan Xueming , Xie Xiaobing , Dai Qigen , Gao Hui , Wei Haiyan , Zeng Yongjun , Zhang Hongcheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiochar can change the availability and morphology of soil Cd. However, the influence of biochar on Cd chemical form and subcellular fraction in rice is poorly understood, particularly under different irrigation methods. A pot experiment of biochar application combined with two irrigation methods (continuous flooding and intermittent irrigation, CF and II) was conducted. The Cd accumulation, chemical form and subcellular fraction in rice organs and the associated physiological responses were examined. Biochar significantly reduced soil available Cd (30.85–47.26% and 32.35–52.35%) under CF and II but increased the Cd content (30.4–63.88% and 13.03–18.59%) in brown rice. Additionally, the Cd content in shoots/grains under II was higher than that under CF. Biochar elevated the Cd soluble fraction in roots while lowered the cell wall fraction under both irrigation methods, whereas the opposite result was observed in leaves. Biochar increased water-, ethanol-, and NaCl-extractable Cd in roots meanwhile increased ethanol-extractable Cd in leaves under both irrigation methods. Moreover, the total amount of water-, ethanol-, and NaCl-extractable Cd in rice roots was higher under II than under CF. Related hormones and antioxidant enzymes may also be involved in biochar-mediated Cd accumulation in rice grains. Thus, changes in Cd chemical form and subcellular fraction in the root and leaf are the main mechanisms of biochar-induced rice grains Cd accumulation.
Graphical Abstract
Desert sand stabilization using biopolymers: review
Authors: Dagliya Monika , Satyam Neelima , Garg Ankit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWind-driven sand erosion is the leading primary reason of earth deterioration in dry lands and a major global issue. Desert dust emissions and topsoil degradation caused by wind pose a global danger to the ecosystem, economy, and individual health. The aim of the current study is to critically analyze the different types of biopolymers and their interaction mechanism with sands for desert sand stabilization. Extensive experimental data with different percentages of biopolymers has been presented on various wind erosion studies using wind tunnel testing and their control rate on desert sand stabilization. Also, studies related to evaluating the engineering properties of sand using biopolymers were analyzed. Other biological approaches, namely Microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) and Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP), have been discussed to regulate wind-driven sand erosion in terms of percentage calcite formation at different compositions of urea and calcium chloride. Comparative analysis of MICP and EICP with biopolymer treatment and their limitations have been discussed. Biopolymers are not only demonstrated adeptness in engineering applications but are also helpful for environment safety. Biopolymers are suggested to be novel and nature-friendly soil-strengthening material. This review focuses on the fundamental mechanisms of biopolymer treatment to reduce wind-driven sand loss and its future scope as a binder for sand stabilization. The mechanism of soil-biopolymer interaction under various soil conditions (water content, density, and grain size distribution) and climatic circumstances (drying-wetting cycles) needs to be explored. Furthermore, before applying on a large scale, one should evaluate sand-biopolymer interaction in terms of durability and viability.
The next frontier: data-driven urban underground space planning orienting multiple development concepts
Authors: Peng Fang-Le , Dong Yun-Hao , Wang Wei-Xi , Ma Chen-Xiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the comprehensive and extensive development of urban underground space (UUS) has gained substantial popularity with the efficient guidance of UUS planning. This study discussed the research trends and paradigm shift in UUS planning over the past few decades. Bibliometric and comparative studies were conducted to identify the contributions of the research in this field. The analysis identified the overall temporal development trend of UUS planning and the research hot spots, namely, the primary use of UUS and UUS planning technology. Additionally, the study identified academic collaborative relationships through country and institution co-occurrence network analysis. The diversified development philosophy, planning systems, key planning scenarios, and data-driven technology pertaining to UUS planning have been extracted through keyword co-occurrence network analysis. Moreover, the planning systems, planning management, and planning practices for UUS in various countries, including Singapore, Japan, Finland, Canada, and China, were also systematically reviewed. By doing so, the worldwide UUS planning evolution has been identified. The paradigm shift for UUS planning has been clarified, involving technical method, result form, control mode, and control elements. Furthermore, the conceptual data-driven framework for UUS planning, which orients multiple development concepts, has been proposed to meet the requirement of next frontier development.
Vaginal leiomyoma: A case report
Authors: Muhammad Huda Muhaddien , Rashid Rezheen J. , Othman Snur , Ahmed Nahidah Hamah Ameen , Ali Rawa M. , Abdullah Ari M. , Yasseen Hadeel Adnan , Abdullah Fakher , Kakamad Fahmi H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction and importance
Leiomyomas can affect 20–30% of women of reproductive age and are commonly observed in the uterus. Their occurrence in the vagina is exceedingly rare, representing the least common presentation among all locations. Herein, we report a case of vaginal leiomyomas in a 48-year-old lady.

Case presentation
A 48-year-old female presented to our gynecology clinic complaining of feeling a mass within her vagina. Physical examination revealed a round, smooth mass in the anterior vaginal wall with a normal-looking cervix. Ultrasound examination showed an enlarged anteverted uterus with an endometrial thickness of 14 mm and an endometrial polyp of 15 × 7mm arising from the left upper anterolateral wall. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a well-defined, fusiform, submucosal vaginal mass originating from the anterior vaginal wall, measuring 37× 22 × 36 mm. Hysteroscopy was performed, and the uterine and vaginal masses were resected. The masses were confirmed to be conventional leiomyomas.

Clinical discussion
The diagnosis is seldom established preoperatively and the preferred therapeutic approach for treating vaginal leiomyoma is surgical removal via the vaginal route. However, in the case of large tumors, the abdominoperineal route may be necessary.

Conclusion
Vaginal leiomyoma is a rare tumor with approximately 300 reported cases worldwide. It can be asymptomatic or cause to feel it within the vagina. Besides the necessity of surgical resection, colporrhaphy as a reconstructive surgery may be required.