bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-varying Determinants of Changes in E-cigarette Relative Harm Perception among US Young Adults
Authors: Li Wei , Osibogun Olatokunbo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Current e-cigarette use has increased among young adults in the United States (US) despite a consistent decrease in perceiving e-cigarettes as less harmful than cigarettes over time. This study examined time-varying predictors associated with the changes in e-cigarette relative harm perception over time among US young adults.
Methods
Data were from the 2013–2018 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study for young adults (18–24 years). A time-varying effect model (TVEM) was applied to examine the association between the relative harm perception change and the associated time-varying predictors.
Results
Of the 8,427 young adults, the prevalence of those who perceived e-cigarettes as less harmful than cigarettes decreased from 50.3% in Wave 1 (2013–2014) to 27.7% in Wave 4 (2016–2018). Young adults who were male were more likely to perceive e-cigarettes as less harmful than cigarettes over time (OR = 1.58; 95%CI: 1.53–1.64). In addition, the changes in e-cigarette relative harm perception were less noticeable among those with advanced degrees, who had non-combustible smoke-free home rules, who held negative tobacco-related attitudes, and those who were current e-cigarette users or ever used alcohol (all p-values < 0.05).
Conclusions
A decline was observed in US young adults who perceived e-cigarettes as less harmful than cigarettes from the PATH Study across four waves (2013–2018). The study findings underscore the importance of risk communication that focuses on harm perception profiles and the need for appropriate interventions to balance the considerations of e-cigarette use among young adults.
Cardiovascular health (“Life’s Essential 8”), risk of depression and anxiety: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Gao Xu , Liu Shuzhen , Jiang Meijie , Huang Ninghao , Liang Hailun , Zheng Ruimao , Qin Jian , Zhang Zhiyong , Huang Tao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: There is a growing interest in the linkage of cardiovascular health (CVH) with depression/anxiety but the evidence of the latest “Life’s Essential 8” is scarce. We aimed to evaluate prospective associations of “Life’s Essential 8” CVH score redefined in 2022 with risk of incident depression and anxiety.
Methods: Based on the latest definition of CVH score (“Life’s Essential 8”), we calculated the total score (0-800 points) based on eight components (0-100 points/component) including diet, physical activity, smoking, sleep duration, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure. Hospital records and mental health questionnaires were employed to yield the baseline prevalence and incidence of depression and anxiety. To address potential genetic confounding and gene-CVH interactions, we quantified genetic risk for both disorders using polygenic scores derived from genome-wide association studies.
Results: Participants with a lower CVH score more often experienced depression, anxiety, and either disorder. During the follow-up, 17,554 incident events with symptoms of either disorder were recorded. Per 100-point decrease in CVH score was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident either disorder (Hazard ratio [HR]=1.149, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.128-1.170), depression (HR=1.232, 95% CI:1.205-1.260), and anxiety (HR=1.045, 95% CI:1.018-1.072). Sleep duration was the key component related to the risk of depression/anxiety by providing much better estimates of the risks of depression/anxiety. A higher genetic risk could further significantly enhance the impact of worsened CVH on the incidences of either disorder and depression.
Conclusions: Poor CVH is a risk factor for the incident late-life depression/anxiety symptoms of middle-aged and older adults and healthy behaviors especially sleep quality could be targeted for the risk assessment and intervention of depression/anxiety.
Client’s Perception of Aquaculture Extension Service in a Selected Sub-District of Bangladesh
Authors: Mamun-ur-Rashid Md. , Hossain Sabbir , Sadat Najmus , Chowdhury Arifur Rahman 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

This study examines the perceived quality of public aquaculture extension services in a selected sub-district of Bangladesh. The SERVPERF scale data were collected from 230 randomly selected fish farmers who resided in the 15 villages under the selected sub-district. The research findings suggest that the aquaculture extension service performs satisfactorily in assurance, responsiveness and tangible dimensions and is relatively low in reliability and empathy. The logistic regression findings confirm that among the dimensions of the SERVPERF, reliability, assurance and empathy can significantly influence the client’s overall satisfaction with the aquaculture extension service. The factor analytic results show that among the 20 statements of SERVPERF, nine statements grouped into three factors can be a viable tool for measuring the quality of aquaculture extension service. This study recommends individualistic client care, the development of extension skills and the intention of the extension agents to provide need-based prompt service and to arrange extension programs considering the client’s convenience.
Tertiary Care for Infertile Couples: Etiological Diagnosis and Conventional Treatment Outcomes in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Nguma Jean-Didier Bosenge , O'yandjo Antoine Modia , sihalikyolo Juakali , Otuli Noël Labama , Ntokamunda Kadima , Agasa Salomon Batina , Bosunga Katenga 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background In sub-Saharan Africa, tubal factors are described as the main etiological factor of infertility. Under these conditions, medically assisted procreation is particularly indicated. However, ART centers are less available. Thus, infertile couples are quickly oriented towards available conventional alternative treatment. The present study aimed to determine the etiological factors of infertility, the outcomes of the therapeutic options offered, and the factors associated with the success of conventional treatment in infertile couples seeking tertiary care in Kisangani.Methods a cross-sectional study was conducted in two tertiary-level health facilities in Kisangani. Consented infertile couples underwent specific examinations necessary for the exploration of infertility and were treated and followed for a minimum of 6 months. The therapeutic option to be offered could relate to the expectant attitude, medical treatment, surgical treatment or transfer to an in vitro fertilization unit. The pregnancy diagnosis was done by ultrasound.Results A total of 272 infertile couples underwent specific examinations, then were treated and followed for a minimum of 6 months. Many determinant causes are mostly linked to wives than husbands. Overall, only 34 women among 211 treated got pregnant during the follow-up period; 61 couples were advised to resort to IVF or adoption, but the couples for whom the expectant attitude was indicated, had immediately rejected it. The patients who therapeutically succeeded at the end of the treatment were those whose age was less than 35 years (OR = 2.27; 95% CI = 1.06–4.87; P = 0.017), the duration of infertility was less than five years (OR = 6.08; 95% CI = 1.79–20.69; P = 0.001) and those with secondary infertility (OR = 6.08; 95% CI = 1.79–20.69; P = 0.001).Conclusion The etiological particularities, with the predominance of tubal factors, do not allow extend effective treatment without ART techniques. This study constitutes a genuine plea to stimulate national policies to take an interest in infertility questions.
Risk Factors for Stroke-Related Functional Disability and Mortality at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Tento Tegenu Tessema , Kume Abrham Shiferaw , Kumaso Sebsibe Kuse 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Stroke is one of the leading causes of functional disability throughout the globe. A large number of risk factors are measured in stroke disease studies, but it is often unclear whether all of them are relevant variables and whether the impact of these variables changes over time or remains constant with the rate of transition between various states of functional disability in stroke patients.Method From September 2019 to August 2021, 298 randomly chosen adult stroke patients were studied in the medical ward outpatient department at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital using a retrospective cohort study design. The Modified Rankin Scale is used to assess functional impairment in stroke patients. A multi-state Markov model was used to analyze multi-state repeated events and terminal events in stroke patients with varying levels of functional impairment.Result The probability of transitioning from poor functional ability to death was 10%, and the probability of recovering to good functional ability was 24%. The average time spent in good and poor functional ability for various levels of independent variables differs according to their risk. The hazed ratio for poor in comparison to good functional ability was 1.54, 1.73, 2.34, 2.74, and 1.52 for various levels of sex, age group, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and types of stroke. In comparison to poor functional ability, the hazed ratio at various levels of diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation was estimated to be 1.95 and 3.39 higher risk for death. Furthermore, at various types of stroke and Glasgow coma scale score levels, the hazed ratio was estimated to be 0.58 and 0.77 lower risks for good versus poor functional ability of stroke patients, respectively.Conclusion Since gender and age are unchangeable or difficult to control, the prevention, early detection, and treatment of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, hemorrhage stroke, and severe brain injury had the strongest association with functional disability and decreased survival time among stroke patients. As a result, all levels of staff engaged in stroke must receive immediate training.
Addition of the barbell hip thrust is effective for enhancing gluteus maximus hypertrophy in young women
Authors: Kassiano Witalo , Kunevaliki Gabriel , Costa Bruna , Nunes João Pedro , Castro-E-Souza Pâmela , Tricoli Ian , Ribeiro Alex Silva , Cyrino Edilson S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
There is a heated debate regarding the effectiveness of performing the barbell hip thrust to elicit gluteus maximus hypertrophy. Notably, evidence on this topic is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of performing 45º leg press and stiff-leg deadlift (L-S) vs. performing 45º leg press, stiff-leg deadlift plus barbell hip thrust (L-S-BHT) on gluteus maximus muscle size. The sample comprised 33 untrained young women randomly separated into 2 resistance training groups: L-S (n = 15) and L-S-BHT (n = 18). The muscle thickness of the gluteus maximus was assessed through B-mode ultrasound before and after 30 resistance training sessions. The resistance training program was carried out over 10 weeks, 3 days·week− 1. Both training regimens elicited significant increases in gluteus maximus muscle thickness from pre to posttraining (P < 0.001). Notably, L-S-BHT had superior augments (L-S-BHT = + 9.3% vs. L-S = + 6.0%, P = 0.016). The current results suggest that performing barbell hip thrust enhances muscle hypertrophy of the gluteus maximus in untrained young women. From a practical perspective, the inclusion of barbell hip thrust should be considered when the prescription aims to optimize the gluteus maximums hypertrophy.
Association between Illness Perception and Medication Adherence in Patients with Diabetes mellitus type II in North Shoa, Zone: Cross-Sectional study
Authors: Eshete Akine 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Although a good level of illness perception affects medication adherence, the impact of illness perception on medication adherence is still little known. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between illness perception and medication adherence in patients with diabetes mellitus type II in North Shoa, Zon
Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 24 May to 25 June 2022 in the North Shoa zone. The study involved 552 diabetic patients who were chosen at random from four public hospitals. Data were entered into Epi Data V.3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Data for continuous variables were reported as means of standard deviations and percentages for categorical variables. Descriptive statistic was used to summarize study variables. Binary logistic regression models were used to assess associations between illness perception and medication adherence. In a bivariable analysis, variables with p-values less than 0.20 were put into a multivariable logistic regression model. A p-value ≤ 0.05 and an OR with a 95% CI are considered statistically significant associations.
Results
The result showed adherence to medication and illness perception was 64.4% (95%; CI: 60.1, 67.9) and 54.7% (95% CI: 41.2, 49.4), respectively. The study found that illness perception showed a significant relationship between illness perception and medication Adherence (p < 0.0001. In the adjusted model, illness dimension of consequence (AOR = 3.10, 95% CI: 2.11, 4.55), personal control (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.20, 2.61), and emotional representation of diabetes (AOR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.54, 3.32) were significantly related to medication Adherence of type II diabetic patients.
Conclusion
This recent study shows that illness perception has a significant relationship with medication adherence and can lead to significant changes in medication practice. When discussing diabetic self-management, diabetes care practitioners should take into account patients' illness beliefs using psycho-educational approaches
Pairing of holes by confining strings in antiferromagnets
Authors: Grusdt Fabian , Demler Eugene , Bohrdt Annabelle 
Published: May 2023

In strongly correlated quantum materials, the behavior of charge carriers is dominated by strong electron-electron interactions. These can lead to insulating states with spin order, and upon doping to competing ordered states including unconventional superconductivity. The underlying pairing mechanism remains poorly understood however, even in strongly simplified theoretical models. Recent advances in quantum simulation allow to study pairing in paradigmatic settings, e.g. in the t-Jt−J and t-J_zt−Jz Hamiltonians. Even there, the most basic properties of paired states of only two dopants, such as their dispersion relation and excitation spectra, remain poorly studied in many cases. Here we provide new analytical insights into a possible string-based pairing mechanism of mobile holes in an antiferromagnet. We analyze an effective model of partons connected by a confining string and calculate the spectral properties of bound states. Our model is equally relevant for understanding Hubbard-Mott excitons consisting of a bound doublon-hole pair or confined states of dynamical matter in lattice gauge theories, which motivates our study of different parton statistics. Although an accurate semi-analytic estimation of binding energies is challenging, our theory provides a detailed understanding of the internal structure of pairs. For example, in a range of settings we predict heavy states of immobile pairs with flat-band dispersions - including for the lowest-energy dd-wave pair of fermions. Our findings shed new light on the long-standing question about the origin of pairing and competing orders in high-temperature superconductors.
O gestor nas unidades básicas de saúde no Brasil: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Izaguirre Jane Maria , Nugem Rita de Cassia 
Published: May 2023

A Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS) é formada pelas Unidades Básicas em Saúde (UBS) e Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF). A APS funciona como principal porta de entrada para a Saúde no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), definindo-se por um conjunto de ações ligadas à saúde da população em que está inserida. Nesse contexto, encontra-se o gestor de UBS, função criada recentemente. O objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre a produção científica nacional, no período de 2000 a 2020, quanto aos principais problemas encontrados e enfrentados pelo gestor da Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS). Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura acerca dos problemas enfrentados pelo gestor de APS no âmbito do SUS, no período de 2000 a 2020. Para a seleção dos artigos, foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados: National Library of Medicine, National Institute of Health - USA (PUBMED), Scientific Eletronic Library online (SciELO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), e na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde: (BVS-BIREME). A pesquisa demonstrou que existem problemas em todas as UBSs, percebidos de maneira diferente pelos agentes responsáveis pela gestão. Apesar dos problemas percebidos de forma diferente pelos gestores e, que não haja um consenso sobre o assunto, existem propostas que podem preparar o gestor para enfrentar os problemas encontrados.
O Enfermeiro na triagem neonatal
Authors: Santos Larissa Christiny Amorim dos , Ribeiro Wanderson Alves , Alves Ana Lúcia Naves , Amaral Fernando Salgado do , Fassarella Bruna Porath Azevedo , Arnaldo Clarissa Rosa de Oliveira 
Published: May 2023

O Programa Nacional de Triagem Neonatal, que integra a triagem neonatal biológica, auditiva e ocular, foi criada no Brasil em 1992 e tornou-se obrigatória em 2001. Sendo ela capaz de detectar inúmeras doenças precocemente e assim, ser possível tratar sem causar danos irreversíveis a saúde do recém-nascido. A pesquisa refere-se a um estudo reflexivo sobre as contribuições da enfermagem na triagem neonatal, ressaltando a importância dos mesmos que atuam na realização do exame e também na disseminação de informações relevantes a respeito dessa realização no período certo e da forma correta. Os dados utilizados foram coletados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) nas bases de informações LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE e SCIELO que serviu como fundamento para embasar o estudo. Esse programa é caracterizado por inúmeras qualidades e projetos para que todas as crianças possam ter acesso a esse exame. Porém, ainda podemos perceber que existe uma grande problematização acerca das questões geográficas, políticas econômicas, sociais, culturais e educacionais. Evidenciou-se assim, a importância de incentivar os profissionais da saúde, principalmente os enfermeiros, no que se refere ao aprimoramento e aquisição de novos conhecimentos nesta área através de programas de educação permanente e continuada em serviço, com intuito de diminuir as falhas que possam ocorrer durante esse processo.
Palavras-chave: Assistência Integral à Saúde; Recém-Nascido; Enfermagem.
Ciência & Saúde UFF: conteúdos sobre saúde e minicursos on line para comunidade
Authors: Silva Jorge Luiz Lima da , Messias Claudia Maria , Amorim Jeisse de Souza , Santos Daiana Alves dos 
Published: May 2023

Introdução: a iniciativa visa promover a educação em saúde como estratégia potencializadora da assistência integral à saúde e trabalha para a produção e divulgação de materiais de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Este estudo objetiva descrever as atividades desenvolvidas no projeto Ciência & Saúde UFF. Método: trata-se de relato de experiência das atividades realizadas, desde a criação da ação. Os temas surgem de comentários do YouTube, redes sociais, formulários de avaliação dos cursos (google forms), e e-mails. Resultados: o projeto foi criado inicialmente para disseminar resultados de pesquisas e vídeos curtos sobre educação em saúde e, atualmente vem ganhando destaque e alcance, devido ao oferecimento de cursos, treinamentos e oficinas online, de forma gratuita e de acesso livre. Em 2022, foram produzidos 29 vídeos educativos minicursos/palestras de diversas temáticas relacionadas. Discussão: a iniciativa busca divulgar a produção de conhecimento de ensino, pesquisa e extensão na forma de minicursos, palestras online, e vídeos informativos, com a intenção de sanar as dúvidas comuns da população acerca de diversos temas da área da saúde. Considerações finais: mesmo com os desafios enfrentados em época de pandemia e isolamento social, as atividades vêm sendo realizadas de forma remota, contando com participantes de todo o Brasil.
Palavras-chave: Saúde Coletiva; Qualidade de Vida; Educação; Comunicação.
Motivasi, Pengalaman, dan Harapan Kaum Muda Bali Bekerja di Kapal Pesiar
Authors: Nilan Pam , Artini Luh Putu 
Published: May 2023

Artikel ini menjelaskan fenomena bekerja di kapal pesiar di kalangan kaum muda di Indonesia, khususnya Bali. Subjek penelitian adalah 35 orang yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu: calon pekerja, pekerja, dan pensiunan pekerja kapal pesiar untuk men dapat gambaran yang lengkap tentang motivasi, pengalaman dan harapan generasi muda Bali bekerja di kapal pesiar. Data menunjukkan bahwa calon pekerja memiliki motivasi tinggi untuk bekerja di kapal pesiar untuk memperbaiki ekonomi keluarga dan menggapai masa depan yang cerah. Kelompok pekerja menggambarkan beratnya bekerja di kapal pesiar yang tidak sejalan dengan apa yang dibayangkan oleh calon pekerja. Sementara pensiunan yang telah memiliki modal usaha dari bekerja selama 10-12 tahun di kapal pesiar mempunyai harapan untuk memulai sebuah usaha yang memiliki prospek yang bagus. Namun dengan kurangnya pengetahuan kewirausahaan dan ketrampilan mengelola usaha, mereka memiliki keragu-raguan dan bahkan harus mengalami kegagalan. Pe nelitian ini bisa dijadikan acuan bagi instansi terkait di Indonesia untuk mendesain bentuk pelatihan kewirausahaan yang bisa membangun investasi modal manusia dan dapat menjadi terobosan pemerataan ekonomi di kabupaten-kabupaten yang memiliki tingkat kesejahtraan kurang.Kata kunci: pekerja kapal pesiar, pelatihan kewirausahaan, pemerataan ekonomi
Problem-Based Learning and Its Effects on Achievement and Attitude in Science Among Grade 8 Students
Authors: Caramay Camille S. , Ortega-Dela Cruz Ruth A. 
Published: May 2023

The study used quasi-experimental research design to investigate the effects of problem-based learning (PBL) on the attitude and achievement in science among Grade 8 students in a public high school in the Philippines. A problem-based learning module was developed using the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model. It was used in teaching science. On the other hand, the Attitude Questionnaire in Science was adopted to describe the attitudes of students in both the control and experimental groups. Data were analysed through descriptive statistics. Prior to teaching science using PBL, the students showed different attitudes and had a low achievement in terms of mean percentage score. But after the implementation of PBL instruction, the students got positive attitude in science. They find the experience interesting and challenging at the same time. The PBL instruction in the experimental group caused a better understanding of topics in science than the lecture-based instruction. Given the results, the study recommended specific teaching techniques that will be useful in applying PBL to develop the students’ attitude and achievement in science especially in a blended-learning setup in this new normal.