bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptation of digital navigation training for integrated behavioral health providers: Interview and survey study
Authors: Emerson Margaret R , Dinkel Danae , Watanabe-Galloway Shinobu , Torous John , Johnson David J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Despite effective treatment options, people who experience mental health conditions often do not receive needed care. E-mental health, for instance the use of mobile apps, is emerging as a way to increase access to and extend care. However, little formal training is available to increase the digital literacy level among behavioral healthcare providers (BHPs), seeking to employ such technology. The purpose of this study was to explore the acceptability and usability of an adapted in-person Digital Navigation Training (DNT) curriculum into e-Learning modules focused on the integrated environment for BHPs. BHP confidence to serve as digital navigators was also explored. E-Learning modules were adapted from an existing in-person DNT. A purposeful sampling strategy was used to recruit BHPs (n = 8) to complete the modules. Acceptability, usability, and confidence were assessed via survey and semi-structured interviews. Descriptive statistics were calculated for survey data and qualitative data were analyzed using a directed content analysis approach. BHPs who completed the training (n = 8) felt the modules were usable, enjoyed the structure, and felt the amount of time to complete the modules was acceptable. All participants thought the structure of the training worked well and enjoyed learning new information. While participants’ confidence in their digital navigation skills increased, they desired more information and/or experience with screening apps prior to increasing their use of apps within their care. E-Learning modules were an acceptable method of educating BHPs with digital navigation skills. Future research is needed to explore incentives needed for training along with if participating in these modules can increase use of quality mobile apps to augment care within BHP treatment plans.
Effects of perfluorododecanoic acid on testicular function in mice
Authors: Liu Zhuo-jie , Liu Yong-hui , Huang Sheng-yu , Wu Cheng-lun , Zang Zhi-Jun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDoA) is a widely distributed environmental pollutant that can affect the functions of many organs. However, systematic evaluations of the effects of PFDoA on testicular functions are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PFDoA on mouse testicular functions, including spermatogenesis, testosterone synthesis, and stem Leydig cells (SLCs) in the interstitial tissue of the testis. PFDoA (0, 2, 5, 10 mg/kg/d) was administered via gavage to 2-month-old mice for 4 weeks. Serum hormone levels and sperm quality were assayed. Furthermore, to investigate the mechanisms by which PFDoA affects testosterone synthesis and spermatogenesis in vivo, the expression of StAR and P450scc in testicular tissue was measured by immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time PCR. In addition, the levels of SLC markers, including nestin and CD51, were studied. PFDoA decreased the luteinizing hormone concentration and sperm quality. Although the difference was not statistically significant, mean testosterone levels showed a downward trend. The expression of StAR, P450scc, CD51, and nestin was also suppressed in the PFDoA-treated groups compared with the control group. Our study suggested that PFDoA exposure can decrease testosterone biosynthesis, and even reduce the number of SLCs. These results indicated that PFDoA suppressed the main functions of testis, and further researches are required to identify strategies for preventing or reducing the effect of PFDoA on testicular function.
Hepatoprotective effect of avicularin on lead-induced steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in mice associated with the MAPK/HSP60/NLRP3 and SREBP1c pathway
Authors: Qiu Ting , Shi Jia-Xue , Cheng Chao , Jiang Hong , Ruan Hai-Nan , Li Jun , Liu Chan-Min 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Lead (Pb), an environmental hazard, causes severe diseases in the liver, kidney, cardiovascular system, hematopoietic system, reproductive system, and nervous system. Avicularin (AVI), the main dietary flavonoid found in many citrus fruits, exhibited potential protective properties on organs. However, the molecular mechanisms of these protective actions are currently not clear. In our study, the effects of AVI on Pb-induced hepatotoxicity were evaluated using ICR mice. Changes in oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and related signaling were evaluated. We found for the first time that treatment with AVI significantly reduced hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress induced by Pb. AVI attenuated Pb-induced liver dysfunction and lipid metabolism disorder in mice. AVI decreased the serum biochemical indicators of lipid metabolism. AVI decreased the expression levels of lipid metabolism-related protein SREBP-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and FAS. AVI suppressed Pb-induced inflammation in livers, as indicated by decreasing the TNF-α and IL-1β levels. AVI suppressed oxidative stress by increasing the activation of SOD, CAT, and GPx. Furthermore, AVI inhibited the activities of JNK, ERK, p38, and NF-κB. AVI further decreased the levels of HSP60, NLRP3, p-IκBα, and p-p65 in the livers of mice. Collectively, this study indicated that AVI mitigated Pb-induced hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation by regulating the SREBP-1c and MAPK/HSP60/NLRP3 signaling pathways.
The novel peptide PFAP1 promotes primordial follicle activation by binding to MCM5
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wang Hanbin , Zhu Ye , Hou Xiaojing , Li Xing , Zhou Xiaomei , Ge Lili , Xu Juan , Su Yiping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPremature ovarian failure (POF) is a complication of ovarian dysfunction resulting from the depletion or dysfunction of primordial follicles (PFs) in the ovaries. However, residual follicles that have the potential to be activated are present in POF or aged women. Little is known about the mechanisms by which the remaining dormant PFs in POF patients are activated. Using mass spectrometry, we screened differentially generated peptides extracted from the ovarian cortical tissue biopsies of patients with or without POF, during which we identified PFAP1, a peptide that significantly promoted the activation of PFs in the ovaries of 3 dpp mice in vitro. PFAP1 reversed age‐related fertility damage in vivo to a certain extent, promoted estrogen (E2) and anti‐mullerian hormone (AMH) production (p < .05), and decreased the levels of follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) (p < .05). In newborn mouse ovaries, PFAP1 could bind to the protein minichromosome maintenance protein 5 (MCM5) and inhibit its ubiquitination and degradation. In addition, PFAP1 promoted the proliferation of GCs, probably by regulating the function and production of MCM5. In conclusion, PFAP1 could promote the activation of PFs in the ovaries of newborn mice, partially restore the ovarian function of aged mice, and increase the proliferation of primary granulosa cells (GCs) by regulating the function of MCM5. PFAP1 is a promising novel peptide that may be developed into a new therapeutic agent for POF and other ovarian diseases.
Necrotizing Fasciitis Due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis
Authors: Patel Amolee , Nadeem Iram 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Necrotizing fasciitis is a complicated infection requiring surgical intervention, antimicrobial therapy, and extensive supportive care. Necrotizing fasciitis presents with a few key clinical features and surgical findings, even though it can be a monomicrobial or polymicrobial infection. Timely medical and surgical management is crucial to prevent mortality and achieve positive clinical outcomes. Although initial treatment includes broad-spectrum antibiotics, therapy is often targeted based on isolated cultures and susceptibilities. First identified in 1988, Staphylococcus lugdunensis has been isolated as a pathogen in an increasing number of invasive infections. We describe a rare case of necrotizing fasciitis associated with S. lugdunensis and review the current clinical and microbiological literature.
Assessment of atherosclerosis: should coronary calcium score and intima-media thickness be replaced by ultrasound measurement of carotid plaque burden and vessel wall volume?
Authors: Spence J. David 
Published: April 2023

Purpose of review
To describe the uses of vessel wall volume (VWV) and measurement of carotid plaque burden, as total plaque area (TPA) and total plaque volume (TPV), and to contrast them with measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and coronary calcium (CAC).

Recent findings
Measurement of carotid plaque burden (CPB) is useful for risk stratification, research into the genetics and biology of atherosclerosis, for measuring effects of new therapies for atherosclerosis, and for treatment of high-risk patients with severe atherosclerosis. It is as predictive of risk as CAC, with important advantages. IMT is only a weak predictor of risk and changes so little over time that it is not useful for assessing effects of therapy.

Summary
Measurement of CPB and VWV are far superior to measurement of carotid IMT in many ways, and should replace it. Vessel wall volume can be measured in persons with no plaque as an alternative to IMT. There are important advantages of CPB over coronary calcium; CPB should be more widely used in vascular prevention.
THE GLOBAL MACROECONOMIC BURDEN OF BURN INJURIES
Authors: Gerstl Jakob V. E. , Ehsan Anam N. , Lassarén Philipp , Yearley Alexander , Raykar Nakul P , Anderson Geoffrey A. , Smith Timothy R. , Sabapathy Raja , Ranganathan Kavitha 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Standardized estimates of global economic losses of burn injuries are missing. The primary objective of this study was to determine the global macroeconomic consequences of burn injuries and their geographic distribution.

Methods:
Using the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation (2009 and 2019) database, mean and 95% uncertainty intervals (UI) data on incidence, mortality, and disability adjusted life year (DALY) from injuries caused by fire, heat and hot substances were collected. Gross domestic product (GDP) data were analyzed together with DALYs to estimate macroeconomic losses globally using a value of lost welfare approach.

Results:
There were 9.0 (95%UI 6.8-11.2) million global burn cases and 111,000 (95%UI 88,000-132,000) mortalities in 2019, representing a total of 7.5 (95%UI 5.8-9.5) million DALYs. This represented welfare losses of 112 (95%UI 78-161) billion USD or 0.09% (95%UI 0.06-0.13%) of GDP. Welfare losses as a share of GDP were highest in LMIC regions Oceania (0.24%; 95%UI 0.09-0.42%) and Eastern Europe (0.24%; 95%UI 0.19-0.30%) compared to high-income country regions such as Western Europe (0.06%; 95%UI 0.04-0.09%). Mortality-to-incidence ratios were highest in LMIC regions highlighting a lack of treatment access, with Southern Sub-Saharan Africa reporting a mortality-incidence-ratio of 40.1 per 1,000 people compared to 1.9 for Australasia.

Conclusion:
Burden of disease and resulting economic losses for burn injuries are substantial worldwide and are disproportionately higher in LMICs. Possible effective solutions include targeted education, advocacy, and legislation to decrease incidence and investing in existing burn centers to improve treatment access.
EXOSOMES AND MICROVESICLES FROM ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS PROTECTS THE ENDOTHELIAL GLYCOCALYX FROM LPS INJURY
Authors: Taghavi Sharven , Abdullah Sarah , Shaheen Farhana , Packer Jacob , Duchesne Juan , Braun Stephen E. , Steele Chad , Pociask Derek , Kolls Jay K. , Jackson-Weaver Olan 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Endothelial glycocalyx damage occurs in numerous pathological conditions and results in endotheliopathy. Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes and microvesicles, isolated from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have therapeutic potential in multiple disease states; however, their role in preventing glycocalyx shedding has not been defined. We hypothesized that ASC-derived exosomes and microvesicles would protect the endothelial glycocalyx from damage by LPS injury in cultured endothelial cells. Methods: Exosomes and microvesicles were collected from ASC conditioned media by centrifugation (10,000g for microvesicles, 100,000g for exosomes). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS-injured cells (n = 578) were compared with HUVECS with concomitant LPS injury plus 1.0 μg/mL of exosomes (n = 540) or microvesicles (n = 510) for 24 hours. These two cohorts were compared with control HUVECs that received phosphate-buffered saline only (n = 786) and HUVECs exposed to exosomes (n = 505) or microvesicles (n = 500) alone. Cells were fixed and stained with FITC-labeled wheat germ agglutinin to quantify EGX. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was used on HUVECs cell lystate to quantify hyaluron synthase-1 (HAS1) expression. Results: Exosomes alone decreased endothelial glycocalyx staining intensity when compared with control (4.94 vs. 6.41 AU, P < 0.001), while microvesicles did not cause a change glycocalyx staining intensity (6.39 vs. 6.41, P = 0.99). LPS injury resulted in decreased glycocalyx intensity as compared with control (5.60 vs. 6.41, P < 0.001). Exosomes (6.85 vs. 5.60, P < 0.001) and microvesicles (6.35 vs. 5.60, P < 0.001) preserved endothelial glycocalyx staining intensity after LPS injury. HAS1 levels were found to be higher in the exosome (1.14 vs. 3.67 RE, P = 0.02) and microvesicle groups (1.14 vs. 3.59 RE, P = 0.02) when compared with LPS injury. Hyaluron synthase-2 and synthase-3 expressions were not different in the various experimental groups. Conclusions: Exosomes alone can damage the endothelial glycocalyx. However, in the presence of LPS injury, both exosomes and microvesicles protect the glycocalyx layer. This effect seems to be mediated by HAS1. Level of Evidence: Basic science study
Tahibacter soli sp. nov., isolated from soil and Tahibacter amnicola sp. nov., isolated from freshwater
Authors: Baek Ju Hye , Han Dong Min , Kim Jeong Min , Jia Baolei , Jung Ji Young , Jeon Che Ok 
Published: April 2023

Two Gram-stain-negative, facultative aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, and non-motile rod bacteria, strains BLT and W38T, that were isolated from soil and freshwater, respectively, were taxonomically characterized. Both strains optimally grew at 30 °C and pH 7.0 in Reasoner's 2A medium and contained ubiquinone-8 as the sole respiratory quinone. As major fatty acids (>10 %), strain BLT contained iso-C15 : 0 and summed features 3 and 9 (comprising iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1
ω7c/ω6c and iso-C17 : 1
ω9c and/or C16 : 0 10-methyl, respectively), whereas strain W38T contained iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and summed feature 9. Diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine as major polar lipids and phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol as minor polar lipids were detected in both strains. The DNA G+C contents of strains BLT and W38T were 68.3 and 65.3 %, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences revealed that strains BLT and W38T formed a tight phylogenetic lineage with

Tahibacter

species, and they shared 98.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and 75.5 % average nucleotide identity (ANI) and 16.6 % digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values, indicating that they are different species. Strains BLT and W38T were most closely related to

Tahibacter caeni

BUT-6T and

Tahibacter aquaticus

PYM5-11T with 97.7 and 98.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively. ANI and dDDH values between strain BLT and

T. caeni

BUT-6T and between strain W38T and

T. aquaticus

DSM 21667T were 78.5 and 21.6% and 75.3 and 21.0 %, respectively. Based on their phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genomic properties, strains BLT and W38T represent two different novel species of the genus

Tahibacter

, for which the names Tahibacter soli sp. nov. and Tahibacter amnicola sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains of T. soli and T. amnicola are BLT (=KACC 22831T=JCM 35402T) and W38T (=KACC 22832T=JCM 35749T), respectively.
Rapid realist review of virtual wards for people with frailty
Authors: Westby Maggie , Ijaz Sharea , Savović Jelena , McLeod Hugh , Dawson Sarah , Welsh Tomas , Roux Hein Le , Walsh Nicola , Bradley Natasha 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundVirtual wards (VWs) deliver multidisciplinary care at home to people with frailty at high risk of a crisis or in-crisis, aiming to mitigate the risk of hospital admission. Different VWs models exist and evidence of effectiveness is inconsistent.AimWe conducted a rapid realist review to identify different types of VWs, and to develop explanations for how and why VWs could deliver effective frailty management.MethodsWe searched published and grey literature to identify evidence on VWs for frailty, based in Great Britain and Ireland. Information on how and why virtual wards might ‘work’ was extracted and synthesised in two rounds with input from clinicians and patient/public contributors, generating 12 hypothesised context-mechanism-outcome configurations.ResultsWe included 17 published and 11 grey literature documents. VWs could be short-term and acute (1-21 days), or longer-term and preventative (3-7 months).Effective VW operation requires common standards agreements, information sharing processes, an appropriate multidisciplinary team that plans patient care remotely, and good co-ordination. VWs may enable delivery of frailty interventions through appropriate selection of patients, comprehensive assessment including medication review, integrated case management, and proactive care. Important components for patients and caregivers are their communication with the VW, their experience of care at home, and feeling included, safe and empowered to manage their condition.ConclusionsInsights gained from this review could inform implementation or evaluation of VWs for frailty. A combination of acute and longer-term VWs may be needed, within a whole system approach. An emphasis on proactive care is recommended.
Effectiveness of active physiotherapy on physical activity level in community-dwelling stroke survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Goncalves Stéphanie , Le Bourvellec Morgane Poitiers , Mandigout Stéphane , Duclos Noémie 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundStroke survivors are primarily physically inactive. Physiotherapy practice might represent professional support to improve this alarming lifestyle. However, evidence is scarce regarding the effectiveness of active physiotherapy on physical activity level in stroke survivors.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Participants: Stroke survivors living in the community. Intervention: Any active physiotherapy, i.e., involving exercises that require voluntary effort by the patient. Outcome measure: Physical activity level.ResultsOut of 5590 identified references, 25 RCTs were eligible, and 21 had available data. Pooling resulted in a small significant effect size in favor of active physiotherapy (standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04 to 0.40, heterogeneityI2=65%), and medium significant effect when physical activity level was measured using an objective tool (SMD 0.48, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.92,I2=73%). In addition, meta-regression showed that 35% of the variance in trial outcome was explained by the measurement tool (objective or subjective) and 23% by age. Finally, none of the variances were associated with specific dosage in frequency, time, or exercise duration, nor with the severity of the disability.ConclusionActive physiotherapy seems effective in increasing objective physical activity among stroke survivors living in the community. However, the evidence supporting the efficacy of active physiotherapy was found to be of low certainty. Thus, further evidence is required.Registration PROPEROCRD42022315639.
APOE-ε4 andBIN1increase risk of Alzheimer’s disease pathology but not specifically of Lewy body pathology
Authors: Talyansky Seth , Guen Yann Le , Kasireddy Nandita , Belloy Michael E. , Greicius Michael D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLewy body (LB) pathology commonly occurs in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. However, it remains unclear which genetic risk factors underlie AD pathology, LB pathology, or AD-LB co-pathology. Notably, whetherAPOE-ε4 affects risk of LB pathology independently from AD pathology is controversial. We adapted criteria from the literature to classify 4,985 subjects from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) and the Rush University Medical Center as AD-LB co-pathology (AD+LB+), sole AD pathology (AD+LB−), sole LB pathology (AD−LB+), or no pathology (AD−LB−). We performed a meta-analysis of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) per subpopulation (NACC/Rush) for each disease phenotype compared to the control group (AD−LB−), and compared the AD+LB+to AD+LB−groups.APOE-ε4 was significantly associated with risk of AD+LB−and AD+LB+compared to AD−LB−. However,APOE-ε4 was not associated with risk of AD−LB+compared to AD−LB−or risk of AD+LB+compared to AD+LB−. Associations at theBIN1locus exhibited qualitatively similar results. These results suggest thatAPOE-ε4 is a risk factor for AD pathology, but not for LB pathology when decoupled from AD pathology. The same holds forBIN1risk variants. These findings, in the largest AD-LB neuropathology GWAS to date, distinguish the genetic risk factors for sole and dual AD-LB pathology phenotypes. Our GWAS meta-analysis summary statistics, derived from phenotypes based on postmortem pathologic evaluation, may provide more accurate disease-specific polygenic risk scores compared to GWAS based on clinical diagnoses, which are likely confounded by undetected dual pathology and clinical misdiagnoses of dementia type.
Tbx5maintains atrial identity by regulating an atrial enhancer network
Authors: Sweat Mason E. , Cao Yangpo , Zhang Xiaoran , Burnicka-Turek Ozanna , Perez-Cervantes Carlos , Akerberg Brynn N. , Ma Qing , Wakimoto Hiroko , Gorham Joshua M. , Song Mi Kyoung , Trembley Michael A. , Wang Peizhe , Lu Fujian , Gianeselli Matteo , Prondzynski Maksymilian , Bortolin Raul H. , Seidman Jonathan G. , Seidman Christine E. , Moskowitz Ivan P. , Pu William T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how the atrial and ventricular chambers of the heart maintain their distinct identity is a prerequisite for treating chamber-specific diseases. Here, we selectively inactivated the transcription factorTbx5in the atrial working myocardium of the neonatal mouse heart to show that it is required to maintain atrial identity. AtrialTbx5inactivation downregulated highly chamber specific genes such asMyl7andNppa, and conversely, increased the expression of ventricular identity genes includingMyl2. Using combined single nucleus transcriptome and open chromatin profiling, we assessed genomic accessibility changes underlying the altered atrial identity expression program, identifying 1846 genomic loci with greater accessibility in control atrial cardiomyocytes compared to KO aCMs. 69% of the control-enriched ATAC regions were bound by TBX5, demonstrating a role for TBX5 in maintaining atrial genomic accessibility. These regions were associated with genes that had higher expression in control aCMs compared to KO aCMs, suggesting they act as TBX5-dependent enhancers. We tested this hypothesis by analyzing enhancer chromatin looping using HiChIP and found 510 chromatin loops that were sensitive to TBX5 dosage. Of the loops enriched in control aCMs, 73.7% contained anchors in control-enriched ATAC regions. Together, these data demonstrate a genomic role for TBX5 in maintaining the atrial gene expression program by binding to atrial enhancers and preserving tissue-specific chromatin architecture of atrial enhancers.