bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zamek biskupów krakowskich w Iłży. Uwagi na temat rozwoju przestrzennego
Authors: Medeksza Stanisław 
Published: February 2023

Zamek w Iłży wzniesiony został z kamienia łamanego, wzmocnionego na krawędziach ciosami. W trakcie kolejnych przebudów oprócz kamienia używano również cegły.
Układ przestrzenny zamku uzależniony został od warunków terenowych. W zachowanych do dziś ruinach możemy wyodrębnić zamek górny i usytuowane na północ od niego przedzamcze.
Zamek górny ma plan nieregularny, soczewkowaty, w ogólnym zarysie zbliżony do trójkąta. Od zachodu prowadziła do niego brama wjazdowa. W narożu wschodnim, w obrębie murów obwodowych, stanęła kamienna wieża cylindryczna. Mogła być ona wykorzystywana jako miejsce skupionej obrony.
Przedzamcze, w kształcie prostokąta, leży na płaskim terenie. Od zamku górnego oddzielone jest suchą fosą, ponad którą przerzucony był most wsparty na mocnych, kamiennych filarach.
Zespół zamkowy do naszych czasów przetrwał w stanie szczątkowym. Na początku XIX w. spłonął i od tego czasu jest w ruinie.
Od 1962 r. po dzień dzisiejszy, z dłuższymi przerwami, prowadzone są badania tego obiektu przez ośrodek wrocławski.
Od 1971 r., również z przerwami, prowadzone są na zamku górnym i podzamczu ograniczone prace konserwatorskie. W wyniku badań odsłonięto na zamku górnym zarys dziedzińca i budynków mieszkalnych przylegających do obwodu murów obronnych. Odsłonięto zarys bramy oraz dawne filary mostu prowadzącego do niej.
Na przedzamczu stwierdzono występowanie zabudowy murowanej - prawdopodobnie relikty domu strościńskiego – oraz zabudowy gospodarczej, zarówno murowanej, jak i drewnianej. Odkryto też fragmenty unikalnej w formie bramy wschodniej bronionej beluardem.
W głębszych warstwach wzgórza zamkowego odkryto nawarstwienia kulturowe i ślady konstrukcji budowlanych ziemnych pochodzących z okresów poprzedzających budowę zamku murowanego, między innymi relikty grodziska z IX w.
Na podstawie wyników prac archeologicznych można wnioskować, że zamek murowany powstawał w paru etapach. Najpewniej pierwszy, zamknięty obwód murów obronnych z furtą wjazdową od zachodu został wybudowany przez biskupa Jana Grota około 1340 r.
W XV w. przebudowano wjazd do zamku. Wzmocniono go oskarpowaną wieżą i poprzedzono mostem wspartym na kamiennych filarach. W systemie obrony wjazdu dyskusyjne jest datowanie baszty wyposażonej w urządzenie przeciwwag. Na podstawie reliktów architektury zdecydowano się datować ją na przełom X1V/XV w.
Następna faza rozbudowy zamku polegała na przeobrażeniu warowni w renesansowe założenie rezydencjonalno-obronne. Przebudowy tej dokonano najpewniej w I połowie XVI w. (do 1560 r.).
Prace fortyfikacyjne podjęto ponownie na początku XVII w. Najważniejszym przedsięwzięciem w tym kierunku była przebudowa umocnień przedzamcza, a przede wszystkim budowa bramy wschodniej w formie beluardu.
Zabudowa gospodarcza przedzamcza pochodzi głównie z XVIII i XIX w.
Badania zamku nie są jeszcze zakończone.
FAMILY SMOKING STATUS AND PHYSICAL HOUSE CONDITION WITH THE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN PRE-PROSPEROUS ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
Authors: Alkatiri Shalsabiila , Ariyanto Yunus , Mufida Ersanti Arina 
Published: February 2023

Background: According to the 2019 Indonesian Health Profile, there were 663 tuberculosis cases per 100,000 people, with 1,001 cases in Nganjuk Regency during the pre-prosperous period. Poverty had an impact on densely populated housing as well as bad smoking habits. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationships between family smoking status and tuberculosis in the home in the pre-prosperous group. Methods: Case group quantitative research was random, including the incidence of TB from January 2019–December 2020 in the working area of Prambon Public Health Center, Nganjuk Regency; the control group took the closest contact neighbor of the case sample. The category of pre-prosperous was based on the 2011 Central Statistics Agency's Social Protection Program. The study was conducted from October 2020–April 2021. Data collection was done through interviews, observation, and measuring the physical house (rollmeter, luxmeter, and a thermohygrometer). Data analysis used chi-square and multivariate tests. Results: The bivariate analysis found the correlations on males (p: 0.02; OR: 3.17), productive age (p: 0.01; OR: 0.22), smoker (p: 0.22; OR: 2.42), humidity <40% and >60% (p: 0.04; OR: 3.14), lighting <60 lux (p: 0.00; OR: 4.84), ventilation <40% of floor area (p: 0.04; OR: 3.40), damp floor (p: 0.01; OR: 3.50) and damp wall (p: 0.04; OR: 2.81) with TB. Active smoking was the most influential variable (OR 44.00). Conclusion: It is hoped that local health agencies will be able to provide more education about smoking habits through the simple implementation of a healthy house area empowerment program.
TRACING OF COVID-19 TRANSMISSION BASED ON CLOSE CONTACT POPULATION: CASES IN SOUTH SUMATRA
Authors: Sitorus Rico Januar , Wibisono Hariadi , Ridwan Hibsah , Antara Nyoman Yudi , Panjaitan Merry Natalia , Sangalang Reymart V. 
Published: February 2023

Background: COVID-19 causes a high death toll, illness, and economic losses. Transmission of the virus occurs from human to human and has spread to more than 200 countries. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between close contact and the COVID-19 incident in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Methods: This research used an observational analysis with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study was all COVID-19 patients and those who had close contact with COVID-19 patients in South Sumatra. The data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate tests. The bivariate analysis uses the chi-square test, while the multivariate analysis uses the logistic regression test. Results: The results show that close contact was related to the incidence of COVID-19 with a P value of 0.00 and an odds ratio adjusted (ORAdj) of 3.59 (95% CI: 2.93–4.39) after the variables of record of visiting local transmission areas, record of visiting health facilities, record of contact with suspected cases, and record of contact with confirmed cases were controlled. Conclusion: The transmission of close contact within families such as households was very high. A transmission could occur between a husband and wife and people who lived in the same house and shared plates while eating. To prevent a broader transmission, people who had close contact with COVID-19 needed to be quarantined. We could carry out public health interventions globally to fight against the pandemic based on these results.
Réduction d’usage et alternatives aux antiparasitaires en élevage des ruminants.
Authors: HOSTE Hervé , RAVINET Nadine , CHARTIER Christophe , MARIE-MAGDELEINE Carine , BAMBOU Jean-Christophe , BONNEAU Mathieu , MANDONNET Nathalie , JACQUIET Philippe , DESQUESNES Marc 
Published: February 2023

Les parasites (Helminthes, Protozoaires, Acariens, Insectes) restent responsables de pathologie majeures impactant l’élevage des ruminants. Pendant des décennies, la maitrise de ces divers groupes de parasites a reposé pour l’essentiel sur des molécules de synthèse développées par l’industrie pharmaceutique. Cependant, cette gestion quasi exclusive par des traitements chimiques se trouve désormais confrontée à plusieurs limites : d’une part, une demande sociétale croissante pour réduire les intrants chimiques en élevage dans le cadre d’une agriculture évoluant vers des critères agroécologiques ; d’autre part, le phénomène général de résistances aux antiparasitaires dans les différents groupes mentionnés. Dans ce contexte, le concept de gestion intégrée du parasitisme fondée sur une combinaison de solutions alternatives aux molécules de synthèse devient le nouveau paradigme de lutte applicable aux divers groupes de pathogènes. L’objectif de cette revue est de présenter quelques exemples de solutions complémentaires aux substances de synthèse en se fondant sur deux modèles principaux : les nématodes gastro intestinaux et les insectes chez des petits ruminants ou les bovins.
Use of Remote-Sensing to Quantify the Distribution of Progradation/erosion Along a Forced-Regressive Modern Coastline: Driving Factors and Impact on the Stratigraphic Record
Authors: Zuchuat Valentin , Poyatos-Moré Miquel , Nyberg Björn , Nanson Rachel A. , Sagar Stephen , Lymburner Leo , Bishop-Taylor Robbi 
Published: February 2023

The long-term development of ancient and modern coastal distributive fluvial systems (DFSs) during periods of relative sea-level highstand or fall usually drives net-progradation of shorelines. Such systems often develop in periods of relative sea-level highstand or fall and typically record annual to millennial-scale deviations in coastal trajectories. A new continental dataset (Digital Earth Australia Coastlines: DEA Coastlines) provides an opportunity to examine such variations in coastal behaviour over annual to decadal scales (1988-2019) at local to continental spatial scales. This dataset is herein applied to the 655 km coastline fronting Australia’s largest amalgamated coastal distributive fluvial systems, which is situated in the epicontinental seaway of the Gulf of Carpentaria in the north of the continent. Despite the overall forced regressive conditions (i.e. progradation during relative sea-level fall), only 54% of this coastlines length net-prograded, whereas 47% was eroded. Though temporal cyclicity in progradation and erosion is evident along segments of this coast, these patterns could not be correlated with either the Southern Oscillation Index (R2 = -0.20) or rainfall (R2 = 0.24). Instead, short-term coastline dynamics appear to be the result of complex interactions between fluvial, wave, longshore current, and tidal processes. The high-resolution DEA Coastlines dataset highlights the diachronous, heterochronous, composite, and amalgamated nature of net-progradational stratigraphic strata that can develop in shallow-marine environments where hinge-points between prograding and retrograding coastal segments are dynamic features that migrate with time. Our conclusions show that shorelines display granular temporal and spatial deviations in coastal trajectory, with contemporaneous progradation and erosion occurring over 1-100 km length scales. This is significantly more heterogeneity than previously envisaged, thereby suggesting the need for updating models of coastal systems.
Preoperative pain aggravates postoperative cognitive deficits and hippocampal neuroinflammation in rats
Authors: Wu Xizhu , Zhang Longxin , Yi Huan , Lin Chuan-tao , Wang Yu-ping , Yu De-biao , Gao Xiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is the progressive deterioration of cognitive function after surgery. The mechanism underlying the development of POCD is unclear. Previous studies have suggested that neuroinflammation is a major contributor to the development of POCD. The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of preoperative pain on inflammatory factors and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus.
Methods: Cognitive function was evaluated by the Morris water maze (MWM), and the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) were measured on the 1st, 3rd and 7th days after surgery. The levels of Ach, cAMP, PKA, and GABAA in the hippocampus were measured at the same time points.
Results: Our results showed that the rats that experienced preoperative pain exhibited impaired learning and memory after surgery (P< 0.001). Moreover, rats in the preoperative pain+surgery group exhibited increased neuronal apoptosis compared to that of rats in the surgery group. On the 1st, 3rd and 7th days after surgery, the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the pain+surgery group was increased compared to that in the surgery group (P<0.001). Furthermore, the expression of key proteins, including ACh, cAMP, PKA and GABAA, was decreased in the pain+ surgery group compared to the surgery group.
Conclusions: Preoperative pain may be a key risk factor for the development of POCD by inhibiting the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (ACh-cAMP-PKA signalling pathway) and decreasing the expression of GABAA in the CNS.
Seismic site-effects assessment in a fluvial sedimentary environment: case of Oued Martil floodplain, Northern Morocco
Authors: HILALI Mohamed EL , Bounab Ali , Timoulali Youssef , Messari Jamal Stitou , Ahniche Mohamed 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In Northern Morocco, seismic site effects in general and liquefaction hazard in particular can occur in the event of a major earthquake due to the thick sedimentary cover characterizing the peripheral Neogene basins of the Alboran Sea. An example is Martil Plain which was the subject of important economic development during the last two decades. In this regard, we present in this study as assessment of seismic site-effect hazard through the HVSR method and the Kg index. MASW and coredrilling data are also used to complete our analysis and interpret the spatial distribution of Kg maps. Our findings suggest more vulnerability to liquefaction in the Southern segment of the basin, which can be explained by the asymmetrical geometry of Quaternary sedimentation, due to tectonic uplift that influences also the surface and subsurface hydrology processes. As a result, some districts, especially those classified as economically disadvantaged, are found to be the most exposed to this hazard, which must be taken into consideration in future risk reduction and mitigation plans. We conclude the existence of significant seismic effects potential despite the moderate seismicity of the area. Therefore, our research needs to be completed by scenario based seismic hazard modelling to investigate the capacity of seismic events at the region to produce the above suggested amplifications.
CD47 is correlated with immune infiltration and is a prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer
Authors: Cai Chuanshu , Wang Peirong , Ke Chunlin , Shen Minmin , Dong Feng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant neoplasm, and the cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) is an innate immune checkpoint and promising diagnostic and therapeutic target. We comprehensively examined the potential prognostic value, clinicopathological characteristics, and immune infiltration associated with CD47 in CRC patients.
Results: In total, 305 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of CD47 suggested an area under the ROC curve of 0.819. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indicated that CRC with high CD47 expression had a better prognosis in the progression-free interval (PFI; P = 0.011). Five drug targets (ABT-510, ALX148, TTI-621, CC-90002, and Hu5F9-G4) were identified for CD47. A positive correlation existed between CD47 expression and infiltrating levels of aDC, macrophages, T helper cells, Tcm, Th1 cells, Th2 cells, CD8 T cells, cytotoxic cells, neutrophils, T cells, and Tgd. In the neoplasm type, CD47 expression was higher in colon adenocarcinoma patients than in rectal adenocarcinoma patients (P = 0.029). In PFI events, CD47 expression was higher in live patients than in dead patients (P = 0.018). Male patients with high CD47 expression showed improved overall survival compared with female patients (P = 0.014). CD47 protein was highly expressed in colorectal tumor tissue and lowly expressed in normal tissues in the Human Protein Atlas(HPA). Methylation analysis of CD47 in CRC revealed that the first and second CpG islands were hypermethylated, whereas the third CpG island was hypomethylated. Genetic alterations in CRC included amplification and deletion of CD47 in colorectal cancer. I153M was found to be a mutational hotspot for CD47.
Conclusions: CD47 is correlated with immune infiltration and is a prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer.
Evaluations of imputation methods for missing data with random forest modeling: an application with unbalanced data with a three categories outcome, the linkage to HIV care Uganda study
Authors: Mendoza Nadia B. , Bailey Barbara A. , Kiene Susan M. , Menzies Nicolas A. , Wanyenze Rhoda K. , Schmarje Katherine A. , Ediau Michael , Kalichman Seth C. , Naigino Rose , Lin Chii-Dean 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Incomplete observation units may contain important information about the population being studied, analysis conducted with the complete portion of the dataset, done in most standard statistical software, may produce biased or low statistical power results. In this paper we investigate the behavior of imputation methods for a linkage to HIV care study dataset with more than 60% incomplete cases.
Methods:Missing data imputation algorithms amelia, missForest, mice and hmisc were considered. Two sets of simulations were conducted: first with the subset of data containing only complete observations and second with the whole dataset. Imputation accuracy and general behavior for each imputation algorithm were accessed in the first set. Random forest models were fit to evaluate overall prediction accuracy and sensitivity in both sets of simulations.
Results: The imputed values by missForest, a single imputation method, were more accurate for all incomplete variables and scenarios. Median overall prediction accuracy of HIV status, a three levels outcome, was slightly higher after imputations with missForest and amelia (approximately 52%, 61% and 65% for samples of 350, 700 and 1050 units respectively). In general, different missing percentages (20%, 40% and 60%) did not result in large changes in prediction or imputation accuracy and larger sample sizes performance improved for imputation and overall prediction accuracy but mixed results were observed with sensitivity. For the second set of simulations, missForest and amelia produced better overall prediction accuracy with larger samples (1200 versus 350 units). For new HIV positive HIV class, hmiscand mice presented better sensitivity, with median sensitivity 65% versus 50% and approximately 90% versus 20% for samples with 350 and 1200 units respectively, compared to incomplete samples.
Conclusions: Imputation with mice and hmisc may be used for imputation when the main interest is to increase sensitivity in predicting new HIV positive. Furthermore, it is interesting to investigate which method gives more advantage for other performance measures of interest.
Trial registration: NCT02545673
IGSF6 is a novel biomarker to evaluate immune infiltration in mismatch repair-proficient colorectal cancer
Authors: Xu Yu-cheng , Yu Zhao-liang , Chen Xiao-chuan , Zhong Min-er , Liang Yu-fan , Weng Jing-rong , Luo Dan-dong , Bie Yi-ran , Chen Xi , Cai Jia-wei , Rong Yu-ming , Zou Yi-feng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy has dramatically changed the landscape of treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC), but there is lack of effective predictive biomarker, especially for tumors with mismatch repair (MMR) proficiency. Immune response relies to cell surface receptors and their interactions, such as cell-cell recognition, binding and adhesion. However, the function of immunoglobulin superfamily (IGSF) genes in tumor immune microenvironment remains uncharacterized.
Methods
This study quantified the immune using the gene expression matrix obtained from the public database. Also the associations between IGSF6 gene expression and immune cell infiltration were assessed. The expression levels of IGSF6, CD8 + and CD4 + T cells in cancer tissues from CRC patients were evaluated.
Results
IGSF6 was more highly expressed in CRC tumor tissues than corresponding adjacent normal tissues. And IGSF6 was significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration in MMR-proficient patients. Remarkably, MMR-proficient patients with high IGSF6 expression showed more sensitive to immunotherapy and chemotherapy than those with low IGSF6 expression.
Conclusions
In summary, IGSF6 could be a novel biomarker to evaluate immune infiltration and predict therapeutic effect for MMR-proficient CRC.
A case of pulmonary tuberculosis patient complicated with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and scrub typhus in Yunnan, China: a case report
Authors: Huang Hao , Kong Yichen , Yin Hongmin , Yang Zi , Ren Tilian , zhang Yunzhi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Orthohantavirus (OHV) and scrub typhus (ST) caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (OT) are two infectious diseases prevalent in southwest China. Rodents are the natural host and the main source of the two diseases. OT infection to humans is usually resulted from bite of an infective chigger mite on rodents, and OHV is transmitted through contact or inhalation of aerosols and secretions from infected rodent. For infectious diseases, the use of antibiotics and hormones is essential, so the diagnosis of complex situations is not easy under the action of drugs. Clinically, fever is the first symptom of these two diseases, and most of them are accompanied by common symptoms such as chills and headaches. The clinical symptoms of these two diseases are very similar, so it is easy to diagnose and miss diagnosis.
Case presentation:
In this case, a 44-year-old male famer with a history of working in coal transportation was admitted to the hospital because of respiratory symptoms accompanied by fever, headache, and skin rashes on his body. Biochemical and urinalysis revealed the hepatic and renal injury. The subsequent molecular testing confirmed he suffered from HFRS and scrub typhus simultaneously that the serological and clinical diagnosis could not identify the cause of infection before. Such case has not been reported in Yunnan Province before.
Conclusion
As the clinical findings of HFRS and scrub typhus are similar and usually unspecific, the clinical diagnosis should be made with a combination of serological and etiological approaches. In the endemic areas of the two diseases, potential HFRS and ST patients should be precisely distinguished with more tests, which is critical for developing proper treatment plans.
Functional characterization of the Polε protein family in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xusheng , Ma Yongxin , Liu Kejun , Liu Yimin , Zhou Hongcai , Wei Peng , Yu Xuehai , Zhang Yaweng , Yang Bao , Chen Bendong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Numerous genetic sequencing projects have demonstrated that alterations in Polε (DNA polymerase epsilon ) due to various causes are associated with the development of multiple human cancers. However, the biological functions of its four core genes, POLE1/2/3/4/, in the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) remain poorly understood to date.
Methods: Multi-omics, multi-level deep mining of HCC data from TCGA and other publicly available databases by using online analysis tools from GEPIA2, TIMER2.0, DAVID, Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBioPortal and MethSurv databases, as well asthe R package to assess Polε family members in HCC for their potential biological functions.
Results: We found that the four target genes were significantly upregulated in HCC (P<0.001), their high expression was associated with a lower survival rate (P<0.05), and both diagnostic ROC curves and disease-specific survival time-dependent ROC curves suggested that POLE2/3 showed better disease predictive efficacy, and the four genes were significantly associated with immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity analysis suggested that the high expression groups of four target genes showed higher drug sensitivity in some chemotherapeutic drugs(P<0.001).
Conclusion: The POLE1/2/3/4are potential prognostic predictive molecules for HCC and correlate with immune infiltration,and high expression of POLE may serve as a potential predictor of the effect of targeted therapies. POLE2/3 may be the potential diagnostic biomarkers for HCC, and the expression level of POLE3 may serve as a biological predictive target for HCC chemotherapy sensitivity.