bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural polymers used in the dressing materials for wound healing: Past, present and future
Authors: Sheokand Bharti , Vats Monika , Kumar Anand , Srivastava Chander Mohan , Bahadur Indra , Pathak Seema R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWound healing is a complicated system that necessitates an appropriate environment to aid healing. Wound dressing is among the most important external variables in wound repair. Technology advancements have led to the creation of a variety of dressings that treat various wound types by focusing on the four stages of wound healing. Simplicity of application, sterility, antibacterial, non‐adherent, gaseous exchange, non‐toxicity, and other qualities are necessary for wound dressings. In order to fully regenerate and restore the structure and functionality of the skin, the ideal dressing should address the demands of the wound. So, the kind of wound dressing used is based on the type of injury. This review focuses on the different types of natural polymers such as κ‐carrageenan, chitosan, cellulose, gelatin, collagen, alginate, hyaluronic acid, and silk fibroin used in the development of dressing materials such as hydrogels, nanofibers, sponges, films, and various other types of scaffolds owing to their features, for example, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and similarity to human extracellular matrix (ECM) which aids in the healing process. The commercially available products based on these natural polymers are also discussed in the review. However, the majority of the natural polymer‐based wound dressings still exhibit a number of problems like adherence, opaque, fast degradability, and lack of multifunctionality, thus these need to be addressed. A naturally inspired smart wound dressing is the need of the hour which aids in individual stages of healing by monitoring the multiple wound variables such as pH, temperature, electrical potentials and eases the incorporated drug and biological molecules as per wound healing progress with a variety of delivery systems.
Gait speed, muscle strength, and functional status predict 30‐day unplanned hospital readmission of critical care survivors
Authors: de Melo Thiago Araújo , Guimarães Fernando Silva , Silva José Roberto Lapa e 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeDespite intense efforts, predicting hospital readmission risks remains an imprecise task. Growing evidence suggests that unmeasured patient‐related factors, such as functional impairment, seem to be strongly associated with acute readmission and have yet to be extensively explored. We hypothesized that gait speed, hand grip strength, and the Functional independence measure (FIM) might be associated with acute rehospitalization rates after an ICU stay.MethodsIn our study, we assessed gait speed using a 10‐m walk test. Muscle strength was determined by a hydraulic handgrip dynamometer and functional status through the FIM. Our primary outcome was the cumulative incidence of the first unplanned early rehospitalization (occurring within 30 days of hospital discharge) for the entire cohort, and a Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the accuracy of gait speed, handgrip strength, and FIM domains in predicting hospital readmission.ResultsROC analysis indicated that the gait speed (AUC 0.96 95% CI 0.93 to 0.99), FIM score (AUC 0.96 95% CI 0.94 to 0.99) and handgrip strength (0.85 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94) were considered accurate predictors of unplanned readmission in the population studied. Additionally, we found that each 0.1 m/s lower gait speed was associated with a 10% higher odd of unplanned readmissions.ConclusionHence, our results suggest gait speed, handgrip strength and functional status demonstrated high potential to contribute to the determination of 30‐day unplanned hospital readmission prediction of critical care survivors.
Excited states of aurocarbons: CASPT2 and CCSD(T) calculations of C2Au2 and C2Au4
Authors: Vrška Dávid , Neogrády Pavel , Kellö Vladimir , Urban Miroslav , Pitoňák Michal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe present CASPT2 calculations of vertical excitation energies for low‐lying singlet and triplet states of auroderivatives of acetylene and ethylene representing small model aurocarbons. Data are supplemented by CCSD(T) results for triplet states. All four considered species, namely linear C2Au2 molecule and three conformers of the C2Au4 molecule—Au2C2Au2 (tetraauroethylene, the analog of the parent ethylene molecule) and – and –adducts of the Au2 molecule with the auroacetylene exhibit considerable lowering of low‐lying excitation energies when compared with their parent acetylene and ethylene molecules. Singlet and triplet excitation energies of diauroacetylene drop by 57% and 48%, respectively, and of tetraauroethylene, by 68% and 56% when compared with their respective parent molecules. Even more is lowered the singlet–triplet energy gap. We stress the importance of the dynamical correlation in CASPT2 calculations and discuss problems with selection of the appropriate active space in aurocarbons.
Multiple complications of advanced IPF in an individual patient presentation
Authors: Ledger Thomas , Braude Stanley 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report a patient with advanced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), who in a single presentation experienced three complications of the disease: an acute exacerbation, spontaneous pneumomediastinum, and platypnoea‐orthodeoxia syndrome. Despite there being no definitive evidence‐based treatment for an acute exacerbation, we report a marked improvement with high‐dose steroids. This case also highlights the importance in IPF patients of considering pneumomediastinum as a cause of non‐cardiac chest pain, as well as platypnoea‐orthodeoxia in those with positional dyspnoea.
Shifting the paradigm for phosphorus fertilization in the advent of the fertilizer crisis
Authors: Bastida Felipe , Siles José A. , García Carlos , García‐Díaz Celia , Moreno José L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCrop production and food security will be challenged by the availability of phosphate rock and its derived phosphorus (P) fertilizers in the coming decades. Croplands around the world have traditionally received huge amounts of P fertilizers. However, P can quickly become unavailable in soil due to its fast adsorption or fixation on the surface of soil particles. Here, we propose the use of microbially mediated mechanisms of soil‐borne populations to solubilize historically accumulated P over years. We argue that microbially mediated solubilization of P can be enhanced through elemental imbalances that intentionally alter the soil carbon:nitrogen:P ratio, enabling a greater P demand by some soil microbial populations. This strategy may potentially reduce our dependence on conventional and exhausting P fertilizers, but the main caveats are also discussed.
Cage‐Like Sodalite‐Type Porous Organic Salts Enabling Luminescent Molecule's Incorporation and Room‐temperature Phosphorescence Induction in Air
Authors: Sei Hiroi , Oka Kouki , Sotome Hikaru , Miyasaka Hiroshi , Tohnai Norimitsu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExpression of room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in organic materials requires complicated molecular design and specific intermolecular interactions, and therefore types of RTP materials are restricted. This work presents cage‐like sodalite‐type porous organic salts (s‐POSs) as host materials for luminescent molecules to induce RTP, using tetrasulfonic acid with an adamantane core and triphenylmethylamines that are modified with substituents in the para‐positions of benzene rings (TPMA‐X). By adding a representative luminescent molecule (pyrene) to a reaction solution during construction of s‐POSs, the molecule is incorporated in a facile manner. s‐POSs with a heavy halogen atom (X: Iodine) on the pore surface give heavy atom effects, suppression of thermal vibration, and protection from oxygen, for the incorporated molecule, which induce its RTP even in air. This strategy can be applied to various luminescent molecules, which may lead to the achievement of RTP of various colors.
Recent Organic Photosensitizer Designs for Evoking Proinflammatory Regulated Cell Death in Antitumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Sun Xuan , Li Min , Wang Peng , Bai Qingqing , Cao Xuchen , Mao Duo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the past decades, immunotherapy has achieved a series of clinical successes in the field of cancer. However, existing therapeutic options usually show a low immune response to solid tumors caused by immunosuppressive “cold” tumor microenvironment (TME). Several types of proinflammatory regulated cell death (RCD), mainly including ferroptosis and pyroptosis, have been studied recently, which can provide proinflammatory signals and immunogenicity necessary for remodeling TME and activating an antitumor immune response. A variety of chemotherapeutic drugs are proven to be effective in the proinflammatory RCD induction of tumor cells, but several adverse effects and intrinsic drug resistance usually occur in the therapeutic process, greatly hindering their further clinical application. The emerging organic photosensitizer (PS)‐based materials open new possibilities to effectively activate proinflammatory RCD through precise spatiotemporal regulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species‐associated signaling pathways, which can overcome many challenges encountered in current proinflammatory RCD‐mediated immunotherapy. In this review, the recent design strategies of PS probes are detailly summarized and their potential advantages for tumor‐specific proinflammatory RCD induction are discussed. Moreover, the representative examples in cancer immunotherapy are highlighted and future perspectives in this emerging field are proposed.
Topological network design toward high‐performance vegetable oil–based elastomers
Authors: Yu Shuangjian , Li Yeqing , Wu Siwu , Tang Zhenghai , Zhang Liqun , Guo Baochun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs a kind of bio‐derived feedstock, vegetable oil (VO) shows great potential to replace petroleum‐based monomers to develop sustainable polymer materials because of its easy availability, low cost, bio‐renewable, and environmentally friendly nature. However, due to the high cross‐linking density and amorphous nature, directly cured VOs generally tend to be brittle and weak. To date, it is still difficult to adopt VOs and their derivatives as structural materials to prepare high‐performance elastomers. To address this important issue, a multi‐scale topology design strategy was proposed in this work. First, topology regulation and functionalization of VO‐based networks were realized by managing functional groups proportion during the bulk polymerization of epoxidized soybean oil with dimer fatty acids. Furthermore, a second polymer (SN) network was introduced into the VO‐based network as a protective layer via interfacial cross‐links. The generated VO‐based elastomers (VOEs) exhibit unprecedented comprehensive properties (VO content ≥70 wt.%, Tg as low as −24.4°C, toughness up to 6.8 MJ/m3). Besides, the VOEs also exhibit excellent reprocessability and self‐healing capability. Overall, this work developed a novel kind of VOEs with significant comprehensive advantages and provided important inspiration for the preparation of high‐performance elastomers through multi‐scale topology regulation.
Microstructures of Choline Amino Acid based Biocompatible Ionic Liquids
Authors: Dhattarwal Harender S. , Kashyap Hemant K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBio‐compatible ionic liquids (Bio‐ILs) represent a class of solvents with peculiar properties and exhibit huge potential for their applications in different fields of chemistry. Ever since they were discovered, researchers have used bio‐ILs in diverse fields such as biomass dissolution, CO2 sequestration, and biodegradation of pesticides. This review highlights the ongoing research studies focused on elucidating the microscopic structure of bio‐ILs based on cholinium cation ([Ch]+) and amino acid ([AA]−) anions using the state‐of‐the‐art
and classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The microscopic structure associated with these green ILs guides their suitability for specific applications. ILs of this class differ in the side chain of the amino acid anions, and varying the side chain significantly affects the structure of these ILs and thus helps in tuning the efficiency of biomass dissolution. This review demonstrates the central role of the side chain on the morphology of choline amino acid ([Ch][AA]) bio‐ILs. The seemingly matured field of bio‐ILs and their employment in various applications still holds significant potential, and the insights on their microscopic structure would steer the field of target specific application of these green ILs.
A House of Homes: On the Multiscalarity and Ambivalence of Homemaking in a Multicultural Condominium in Italy
Authors: Cancellieri Adriano 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter reflects on homemaking within a multicultural condominium called Hotel House, located in the small Italian town of Porto Recanati, where almost 2000 people live, 95% of them being migrants. The research was carried out through a lengthy participant observation within both the domestic and communal spaces of the condominium. Reflecting on the research work conducted in Hotel House, the chapter explores four main aspects: (a) the ethical and practical implications of entering other people’s homes, focusing the analysis on the field access and the researcher’s positionality; (b) the daily material and affective construction of multisensory atmospheres and landscapes in the domestic spaces of Hotel House; (c) the ambivalence of the practices of sociability and mutual aid that take place in the domestic spaces of Hotel House, with particular regard to Senegalese families; (d) the multiscalarity of homemaking and its potential emergence outside of the boundaries of domestic spaces.
Chaos and operator growth in 2d CFT
Authors: Khetrapal Surbhi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We study the out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC) in a zero temperature 2d large-c CFT under evolution by a Liouvillian composed of the Virasoro generators. A bound was conjectured in [1] on the growth of the OTOC set by the Krylov complexity which is a measure of operator growth. The latter grows as an exponential of time with exponent 2α, which sets an upper bound on the Lyapunov exponent, ΛL≤ 2α. We find that for a two dimensional zero temperature CFT, the OTOC decays exponentially with a Lyapunov exponent which saturates this bound. We show that these Virasoro generators form the modular Hamiltonian of the CFT with half space traced out. Therefore, evolution by this modular Hamiltonian gives rise to thermal dynamics in a zero temperature CFT. Leveraging the thermal dynamics of the system, we derive this bound in a zero temperature CFT using the analyticity and boundedness properties of the OTOC.
Hey Alexa, why are you called intelligent? An empirical investigation on definitions of AI
Authors: Caluori Lucas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper seeks to examine the questions of what criteria definitions of Artificial Intelligence (AI) use to define AI, what the disagreements that revolve around the term AI are based on, and what correlations can be drawn to other parameters. Framed as a problem of classification, a random sample of 45 definitions from various text sources was subjected to a qualitative content analysis. The criteria found are concluded in five dimensions, namely (1) learning ability, (2) human likeness, (3) state of “mind”, (4) complexity of the problem, and (5) successfulness. Further, the results support the view that there is no consensus neither on which of these criteria are crucial to define AI nor on how these criteria must be fulfilled. By opposing the frequencies of the dimensions found with the metadata collected, it can be seen that most of these, e.g., country, scientific field, or gender of the author, are statistically independent of content variables, while the medium in which the definition was published shows a strong correlation. Since different mediums target different purposes and different readers, it must be taken into account that writing a definition of AI is to be seen in the context of its distribution area and its goal.
Mammal-related Cryptosporidium infections in endemic reptiles of New Zealand
Authors: Garcia-R Juan C. , Pita Anthony B. , Velathanthiri Niluka , Pas An , Hayman David T. S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNew Zealand’s endemic reptile fauna is highly threatened and pathogens causing infectious diseases may be a significant risk to already endangered species. Here, we investigate Cryptosporidium infection in captive endemic New Zealand reptiles. We found two mammal-related Cryptosporidium species (C. hominis and C. parvum) and six subtypes from three gp60 families (Ib, Ig and IIa) in 12 individuals of captive endemic Tuatara, Otago and Grand skinks, and Jewelled and Rough geckos. Cryptosporidium serpentis was identified in two Jewelled geckos using 18S. In New Zealand, C. hominis and C. parvum are associated with infections in humans and introduced domestic animals but have also been recently found in wildlife. Our finding of Cryptosporidium infection in endemic reptiles can help inform strategies to monitor the conservation of species and manage potential introductions of pathogens to in-situ and ex-situ populations.
$$\hbox {U}^p$$-Net: a generic deep learning-based time stepper for parameterized spatio-temporal dynamics
Authors: Stender Merten , Ohlsen Jakob , Geisler Hendrik , Chabchoub Amin , Hoffmann Norbert , Schlaefer Alexander 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the age of big data availability, data-driven techniques have been proposed recently to compute the time evolution of spatio-temporal dynamics. Depending on the required a priori knowledge about the underlying processes, a spectrum of black-box end-to-end learning approaches, physics-informed neural networks, and data-informed discrepancy modeling approaches can be identified. In this work, we propose a purely data-driven approach that uses fully convolutional neural networks to learn spatio-temporal dynamics directly from parameterized datasets of linear spatio-temporal processes. The parameterization allows for data fusion of field quantities, domain shapes, and boundary conditions in the proposed U$$^p$$

p

-Net architecture. Multi-domain U$$^p$$

p

-Net models, therefore, can generalize to different scenes, initial conditions, domain shapes, and domain sizes without requiring re-training or physical priors. Numerical experiments conducted on a universal and two-dimensional wave equation and the transient heat equation for validation purposes show that the proposed U$$^p$$

p

-Net outperforms classical U-Net and conventional encoder–decoder architectures of the same complexity. Owing to the scene parameterization, the U$$^p$$

p

-Net models learn to predict refraction and reflections arising from domain inhomogeneities and boundaries. Generalization properties of the model outside the physical training parameter distributions and for unseen domain shapes are analyzed. The deep learning flow map models are employed for long-term predictions in a recursive time-stepping scheme, indicating the potential for data-driven forecasting tasks. This work is accompanied by an open-sourced code.
Japanese single-center experience of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair over 20 years: should open or endovascular aneurysm repair be performed first?
Authors: Yamanaka Katsuhiro , Hamaguchi Mari , Chomei Shunya , Inoue Taishi , Kono Atsunori , Tsujimoto Takanori , Koda Yojiro , Nakai Hidekazu , Omura Atsushi , Inoue Takeshi , Yamaguchi Masato , Sugimoto Koji , Okada Kenji 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The present study analyzed the outcomes of our experience with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair over 20 years using endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) with commercially available devices or open aortic repair (OAR) and reviewed our surgical strategy for AAA.

Methods
From 1999 to 2019, 1077 patients (659 OAR, 418 EVAR) underwent AAA repair. The OAR and EVAR groups were compared retrospectively, and a propensity matching analysis was performed.

Results
EVAR was first introduced in 2008. Our strategy was changed to an EVAR-first strategy in 2010. Beginning in 2018, this EVAR-first strategy was changed to an OAR-first strategy. After propensity matching, the overall survival in the OAR group was significantly better than that in the EVAR group at 10 years (p = 0.006). Two late deaths due to AAA rupture were identified in the EVAR group, although there were no significant differences between the OAR and EVAR groups with regard to the freedom from AAA-related death at 10 years. The rate of freedom from aortic events at 10 years was significantly higher in the OAR group than in the EVAR group (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
The rates of freedom from AAA-related death in both the OAR and EVAR groups were favorable, and the rate of freedom from aortic events was significantly lower in the EVAR group than in the OAR group. Close long-term follow-up after EVAR is mandatory.
Presence and simulator sickness predict the usability of a virtual reality attention task
Authors: Voinescu Alexandra , Petrini Karin , Stanton Fraser Danaë 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAttention is the ability to actively process specific information within one’s environment over longer periods of time while disregarding other details. Attention is an important process that contributes to overall cognitive performance from performing every day basic tasks to complex work activities. The use of virtual reality (VR) allows study of the attention processes in realistic environments using ecological tasks. To date, research has focused on the efficacy of VR attention tasks in detecting attention impairment, while the impact of the combination of variables such as mental workload, presence and simulator sickness on both self-reported usability and objective attention task performance in immersive VR has not been examined. The current study tested 87 participants on an attention task in a virtual aquarium using a cross-sectional design. The VR task followed the continuous performance test paradigm where participants had to respond to correct targets and ignore non-targets over 18 min. Performance was measured using three outcomes: omission (failing to respond to correct targets), commission errors (incorrect responses to targets) and reaction time to correct targets. Measures of self-reported usability, mental workload, presence and simulator sickness were collected. The results showed that only presence and simulator sickness had a significant impact on usability. For performance outcomes, simulator sickness was significantly and weakly associated with omission errors, but not with reaction time and commission errors. Mental workload and presence did not significantly predict performance. Our results suggest that usability is more likely to be negatively impacted by simulator sickness and lack of presence than performance and that usability and attention performance are linked. They highlight the importance of considering factors such as presence and simulator sickness in attention tasks as these variables can impact usability.