bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Microphase Separation Strategy for the Infrared Transparency‐Thermomechanical Property Conundrum in Sulfur‐Rich Copolymers
Authors: Hwang Jae Hyuk , Kim Sang Hwa , Cho Woongbi , Lee Woohwa , Park Sungmin , Kim Yong Seok , Lee Jong‐Chan , Lee Kyung Jin , Wie Jeong Jae , Kim Dong‐Gyun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith intrinsic optical and dynamic properties of polysulfide chains, inverse vulcanized copolymers have demonstrated immense potential for infrared (IR) optical applications. However, preparing highly IR‐transparent sulfur‐rich copolymers without sacrificing their thermomechanical properties remains challenging. To overcome the trade‐off relationship between IR optical and thermomechanical properties, an in situ microphase separation strategy for the inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur utilizing self‐crosslinkable 1,3,5‐trivinylbenzene (TVB) is presented. Even with 80 wt% sulfur content, the microphase‐separated TVB‐rich domain self‐reinforces the copolymer with a noteworthy modulus of ≈2.0 GPa and a high glass transition temperature (Tg) of 92.6 °C, while still exhibiting outstanding IR optical properties. This work is expected to provide insights into the fundamental structure–property relationships of sulfur‐rich copolymers and pave the way for various practical applications.
Pd‐Catalyzed Umpolung of η3‐Benzylpalladium Enabled the Construction of All‐Carbon α‐Vinyl Quaternary Aldehydes
Authors: Zuo Linhong , Guo Wusheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA Pd‐catalyzed decarboxylative approach for the construction of 2‐allyl‐2,2‐diarylacetaldehydes via dearomative umpolung strategy is reported. The reaction is applicable to a number of cyclic carbonates or allylic acetates featuring with different functional groups. These reactions could be performed in a gram‐scale but without loss of the reaction efficiency. The control experiments suggest that the reaction proceeds though a palladium catalyzed dearomative decarboxylation step followed by an umpolung nucleophilic attack.magnified image
Environmental DNA as an emerging tool in botanical research
Authors: Johnson Mark D. , Freeland Joanna R. , Parducci Laura , Evans Darren M. , Meyer Rachel S. , Molano‐Flores Brenda , Davis Mark A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOver the past quarter century, environmental DNA (eDNA) has been ascendant as a tool to detect, measure, and monitor biodiversity (species and communities), as a means of elucidating biological interaction networks, and as a window into understanding past patterns of biodiversity. However, only recently has the potential of eDNA been realized in the botanical world. Here we synthesize the state of eDNA applications in botanical systems with emphases on aquatic, ancient, contemporary sediment, and airborne systems, and focusing on both single‐species approaches and multispecies community metabarcoding. Further, we describe how abiotic and biotic factors, taxonomic resolution, primer choice, spatiotemporal scales, and relative abundance influence the utilization and interpretation of airborne eDNA results. Lastly, we explore several areas and opportunities for further development of eDNA tools for plants, advancing our knowledge and understanding of the efficacy, utility, and cost‐effectiveness, and ultimately facilitating increased adoption of eDNA analyses in botanical systems.
Herbarium specimens reveal herbivory patterns across the genus Cucurbita
Authors: Jenny Laura A. , Shapiro Lori R. , Davis Charles C. , Jonathan Davies T. , Pierce Naomi E. , Meineke Emily 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPremiseQuantifying how closely related plant species differ in susceptibility to insect herbivory is important for understanding the variation in evolutionary pressures on plant functional traits. However, empirically measuring in situ variation in herbivory spanning the geographic range of a plant–insect complex is logistically difficult. Recently, new methods have been developed using herbarium specimens to investigate patterns in plant–insect symbioses across large geographic scales. Such investigations provide insights into how accelerated anthropogenic changes may impact plant–insect interactions that are of ecological or agricultural importance.MethodsHere, we analyze 274 pressed herbarium samples to investigate variation in herbivory damage in 13 different species of the economically important plant genus Cucurbita (Cucurbitaceae). This collection is composed of specimens of wild, undomesticated Cucurbita that were collected from across their native range, and Cucurbita cultivars collected from both within their native range and from locations where they have been introduced for agriculture in temperate North America.ResultsHerbivory is common on individuals of all Cucurbita species collected throughout their geographic ranges. However, estimates of herbivory varied considerably among individuals, with mesophytic species accruing more insect damage than xerophytic species, and wild specimens having more herbivory than specimens collected from human‐managed habitats.ConclusionsOur study suggests that long‐term evolutionary changes in habitat from xeric to mesic climates and wild to human‐managed habitats may mediate the levels of herbivory pressure from coevolved herbivores. Future investigations into the potential factors that contribute to herbivory may inform the management of domesticated crop plants and their insect herbivores.
Predictors of falls in older adults with and without dementia
Authors: Okoye Safiyyah M. , Fabius Chanee D. , Reider Lisa , Wolff Jennifer L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionPersons living with, versus without, dementia (PLWD) have heightened fall‐risk. Little is known about whether fall‐risk factors differ by dementia status.MethodsUsing the 2015 and 2016 National Health and Aging Trends Study, we prospectively identified fall‐risk factors over a 12‐month period among community‐living older adults ≥65 years with and without dementia (n = 5581).ResultsFall rates were higher among PLWD compared to persons without dementia (45.5% vs. 30.9%). In a multivariable model including sociodemographic, health, function, and environmental characteristics as predictors, vision impairment (OR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.12–4.40), and living with a spouse versus alone (OR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.09–5.43) predicted falls among PLWD, but not among persons without dementia. History of previous falls predicted subsequent falls regardless of dementia status (OR: 6.20, 95% CI: 3.81–10.09, and OR: 2.92, 95% CI: 2.50–3.40, respectively).DiscussionIncorporating appropriate fall‐risk factors could inform effective falls screening and prevention strategies for PLWD.Highlights
46% of persons with dementia had ≥1 falls versus 31% of those without dementia in 2016.
Vision impairment and living with a spouse predicted falls in persons with dementia.
Study results support tailored fall prevention strategies for persons with dementia.
Pyridine Dimers and Their Low‐Temperature Isomerization: A High‐Resolution Matrix‐Isolation Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Hübner Olaf , Thusek Jean , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe bonding between two neutral aromatic compounds, especially small ones, has been controversially debated in the last decades, and terms like “π‐stacking” had to be revised. Surprisingly, despite of many experimental and computational work, there is still no clear consensus about the structure of and the bonding in the pyridine dimer. In this work, for different isomeric forms of the pyridine dimer, the structures and bonding were elucidated by combining high‐resolution matrix‐isolation spectroscopic results with quantum‐chemical calculations. High‐resolution IR spectra of Ne matrices at 4 K containing pyridine were recorded for different concentrations and upon annealing to 10 and 12 K, relying on three isotopologues of pyridine. The spectra show the presence of hydrogen‐bonded, T‐shaped, and stacked forms of weakly‐bound pyridine dimers. Among these, the hydrogen‐bonded isomer is identified as the lowest‐energy form. The results provide for the first time conclusive information about the interaction between two pyridine dimers.
A case of shock after STEMI: Think beyond the cardiogenic one
Authors: Falcetta Andrea , Bonfanti Eleonora , Rossini Roberta , Lauria Giuseppe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAcute ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) can typically complicate with the development of cardiogenic shock; nevertheless, other less frequent types of shock may occur, including adrenal crisis (AC). We describe a case of STEMI complicated by AC and, for the first time, AC‐induced focal takotsubo syndrome.
Early‐onset neonatal sepsis due to Streptococcus salivarius: A case report
Authors: Bin Sakviseth , Im Sethikar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStreptococcus salivarius, the most predominant human oral microbiota, is rarely associated with neonatal sepsis. This report aims to describe a rare culture‐proven case of early‐onset sepsis in a 3‐day‐old boy with isolated high‐grade fever. Streptococcus salivarius was isolated in two consecutive hemocultures and unexpectedly resistant to the conventional empirical antibiotics.
Orbital apex syndrome due to herpes zoster infection in a patient with chronic kidney disease: A case report
Authors: Srimanan Worapot , Panyakorn Somboon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe report the case of an 89‐year‐old man with typical herpes zoster ophthalmicus on the left side of his face with delayed clinical presentation of orbital apex syndrome. After treatment with intravenous antiviral agents and corticosteroids, the patient fully recovered. Clinical suspicion should be concerned in immunocompromised cases.
Hydrodechlorination of Alachlor Using a Molecular Electrocatalyst
Authors: Devi Nilakshi , Sarkar Prasenjit , Patel Aaqila , Jiang Jianbing “Jimmy” 
Published: January 2023

AbstractReductive hydrodechlorination is an effective approach to enhance the degradation rate of chlorinated herbicides such as alachlor, which are frequently detected in ground and surface water. In this study, a cobalt porphyrin complex with eight triazole units and alkyl chains, CoPor8T, was synthesized to catalyze the reductive hydrodechlorination of alachlor. Mechanistic study was performed using a combination of voltametric, spectroscopic, and electrospectroscopic techniques. A conversion yield of 84 % at −1.8 V vs. Fc/Fc+ and chloride ion concentration of 96 % was obtained after electrocatalysis. This work provides a new avenue of using molecular catalysts for electrocatalytic chlorinated herbicide remediation.
International Organizations and Global Problem‐Solving: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Autonomy, Experience, and Financial Resources on Achieving Objectives
Authors: Plourde Yves , Prémont‐Picard Anne Sophie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe examine the role of autonomy in the achievement (or non‐achievement) of the objectives of international organizations (IOs). Using a configurational approach, we theorize four scenarios related to autonomy, with regards to the experience and financial resources available to IOs. Our results, based on a qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) applied to 20 IOs in the United Nations (UN) system, demonstrate that autonomy can be a condition for both the success or the failure of an IO. Our study calls for the development of a systems theory of IO performance that takes into account the interdependence of conditions and the equifinality of solutions that explain the success (or failure) of these organizations in the pursuit of their mission.
Sex‐dependent habitat selection modulates risk management by meadow voles
Authors: Morris Douglas W. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractForaging involves a trade‐off between food and safety. Most research into the trade‐off invokes safety from predation. But danger and its associated risk arise from multiple causes that cannot be assessed solely with reference to predators. A more complete assessment of risk management requires experimental designs that attempt to modify and measure risks, regardless of the source of danger. I aimed to do so by adding shelter (mulched straw) and time‐varying supplemental food (rabbit chow), while measuring foraging behavior and habitat use by a seminatural population of meadow voles. Voles foraged more intensely under safety, recognized least risk when given access to both food and shelter, but altered their risk management through time: management included a novel form of sex‐dependent habitat selection in which male–male pairs occupied risky areas without shelter while female–female pairs occupied habitats sheltered by straw. The pattern is consistent with a sex‐dependent evolutionary game in which female territoriality and tolerance of other females limit conflict with, and space use by, males. Voles' array of interacting strategies demonstrates that ecologists must be wary of ascribing risk only to predation, and particularly so if experiments are blind to other dangers and processes that alter foraging behavior and habitat selection.
Cell‐free synthesis of silver nanoparticles in spent media of different Aspergillus species
Authors: Boldt Alexander , Walter Jan , Hofbauer Fabian , Stetter Karen , Aubel Ines , Bertau Martin , Jäger Christof M. , Walther Thomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe recovery and valorization of metals and rare earth metals from wastewater are of great importance to prevent environmental pollution and recover valuable resources. Certain bacterial and fungal species are capable of removing metal ions from the environment by facilitating their reduction and precipitation. Even though the phenomenon is well documented, little is known about the mechanism. Therefore, we systematically investigated the influence of nitrogen sources, cultivation time, biomass, and protein concentration on silver reduction capacities of cell‐free cultivation media (spent media) of Aspergillus niger, A. terreus, and A. oryzae. The spent medium of A. niger showed the highest silver reduction capacities with up to 15 μmol per milliliter spent medium when ammonium was used as the sole N‐source. Silver ion reduction in the spent medium was not driven by enzymes and did not correlate with biomass concentration. Nearly full reduction capacity was reached after 2 days of incubation, long before the cessation of growth and onset of the stationary phase. The size of silver nanoparticles formed in the spent medium of A. niger was influenced by the nitrogen source, with silver nanoparticles formed in nitrate or ammonium‐containing medium having an average diameter of 32 and 6 nm, respectively.
Color printing based on 3MF: Color diffusion from the surface to the interior of voxel model
Authors: Liu Ruiying , Yang Weidong , Li Haixia , Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Haoyu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFull‐color 3D printing technology has become more and more popular for industrial manufacturing applications. The voxelization of color 3D models and the expression of appearance colors become more and more important. To illustrate the complex appearance and internal characteristics of 3D models, we present a voxelization algorithm of the color 3D models for color 3D printing in this paper. Specifically, we use the 3D model of 3D Manufacturing Format (3MF) with color appearance features for surface voxelization first. Then, we propose an improved scan line filling algorithm to realize the voxelization of the interior of the model and obtain the color voxel model. Finally, to improve the high quality of color printing, we propose a surface color inward diffusion algorithm, which can make the surface color of the voxel model diffuse inward and further express the surface color of the voxel model. The experimental results show our proposed method can obtain an effective color voxel model and accurately express the color of the voxel model surface, which can enhance the color effect of the color model and realize the control of voxels.
Adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+ by engineered biochar: Preparation, characterization, and adsorption properties
Authors: Azadian Meysam , Gilani Hossein Ghanadzadeh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLemonwood‐derived biochar was created by biomass pyrolysis (600°C) and modified with zeolite, sodium alginate, and magnetic nanoparticles to design an efficient adsorbent. The characterizations of the nanocomposite were studied employing X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, EDAX, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer. The sorption of Zn(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) ions from an aqueous single metal solution was evaluated for the influence of contact time, adsorbent dose, solution pH, initial concentration, and individual adsorption. Four isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin‐Radushkevich) were employed to analyze the equilibrium data by nonlinear regression. The capacity for adsorption of Zn(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) at pH = 4, contact time 90 min, and 293°K from wastewater is as high as 98.22, 109.37, and 80.15 mg/g, respectively. The kinetics analysis demonstrated that the adsorption mechanism agreed with the pseudo‐second‐order rate law. In addition, the adsorption of metal ions onto engineered adsorbent exhibited that the process is exothermic, and with increasing the temperature, the adsorption capacity decreased, showing the spontaneous nature. The adsorbent was regenerated and reused three consecutive in adsorption–desorption without considerable loss of its adsorption capacity. The results indicated that it could be employed as an effective adsorbent for eliminating metal ions from an aqueous media.
Black carbon emissions from modern automated cordwood stoves for space heating
Authors: Lindberg Jake , Trojanowski Rebecca , Butcher Thomas , Mahajan Devinder 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWood burning stove design is improving as regulation become stricter for particulate matter emissions. This study describes results of black carbon (BC) emissions from three modern automated wood stoves when tested in common failure modes using a test protocol that included cold‐starts, high and low fuel loading densities, and use of overly large pieces of fuel. Emission sampling was performed using a dilution sampling system in tandem with an aethalometer to measure BC with high time resolution. Results show that the time‐weighted average BC emission rates were 0.91, 4.30, and 1.74 g/h for the three stoves tested (A, B, and C respectively), the values, both higher and lower than the United States 2020 certification test emission limit of 2.5 g/h. The results demonstrate good performance overall, given the rigorous nature of the testing protocol used. The aethalometer data showed that the performance was relatively poor during cold‐start, when the fuel was ignited and combusted without a coalbed, and when stoves failed to optimize air delivery due to specific loading and output conditions. During the cold‐start test section, the average BC emission rate was seven times higher than the overall average for Stove A, 10 times above the average for Stove B, and two times above the average emission rate for Stove C. Calculations of the Average Angstrom Absorption Exponent (AAE) of the exhaust aerosol showed little correlation with BC concentration. The results show that automation results in a quantifiable reduction in particular BC emissions.
Environmental management criteria, aimed at public policymaking, for the removal and disposal of asbestos-containing building materials in Colombia
Authors: Flórez Gutiérrez Paola , Cely-García María Fernanda , Larrahondo Joan M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Asbestos is a carcinogenic mineral banned in Colombia since 1 January 2021; however, there is a considerable amount of asbestos-containing building materials (ACBM) installed across the country in products such as roof tiles, tanks, pipes, and downspouts. Installed ACBM represent an exposure risk when the mineral fibers are released into the air through deterioration, damage, or disturbance of the cement matrix within which the asbestos is contained. Due to potential detrimental impacts on human health, safe management and correct handling of ACBM is a matter of vital importance. This article proposes evidence-based environmental management guidelines, aimed at public policymaking, for the removal and final disposal of installed ACBM in Colombia. A descriptive study was carried out, with a qualitative approach, based on an integrative literature review of international practices applied in the removal and disposal of installed ACBM. Forty scientific publications were reviewed, as well as the regulations for removal, transport, and final disposal of installed asbestos–cement from Australia, the USA, Italy, Chile, the UK, and Canada. Guidelines for the removal and final disposal of installed ACBM are proposed, suggesting the following stages: (a) diagnosis and management plan of installed ACBM, (b) removal of installed ACBM, (c) transport of ACBM waste, and (d) final disposal of ACBM waste. Expert opinion was collected to assess the local feasibility of the proposed guidelines. These guidelines may help direct national and regional agencies to establish comprehensive strategies with clear, measurable, and achievable goals for future replacement of installed ACBM. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1079–1088. © 2023 SETAC
Nutrition assistance program take‐up given multiprogram eligibility
Authors: Leschewski Andrea , Davis David E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, National School Lunch Program, and School Breakfast Program are complementary, serving different nutritional needs of low‐income children. We analyze determinants of the number of nutrition assistance programs low‐income households with children participate in given multiprogram eligibility. Results obtained using Survey of Income and Program Participation data indicate households with young children, in metro areas, and with a college‐educated or married respondent participate in fewer programs given eligibility. Program factors that reduce participation stigma and transaction costs are further associated with increased take‐up.