bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On successive recycling of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene- melamine formaldehyde composite for sensing applications
Authors: Singh Gulraj , Brar Gurinder S , Singh Rupinder 
Published: January 2025

In the past three decades, significant studies have been reported on successive recycling (SR) of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) thermoplastic-based composites. However, SR of thermosetting polymers such as melamine formaldehyde (MF), bakelite, etc., is still a challenge in commercial terms, mainly due to high energy requirements. This study highlights the effect of SR for selected composition/ proportion of ABS (87.5% by wt.) and MF (12.5% by wt.) as a composite based on the mechanical, rheological, thermal and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The study revealed that the tensile properties of ABS-MF composite deteriorate with each SR. The peak strength (PS) and modulus of toughness (MoT) (without recycling) were observed as 42.45 MPa and 1.60 MPa, which was reduced to 18.47 MPa and 0.1459 MPa after 03 SR. A continuous rise in melt flow index (MFI) was observed from 10.46 (without recycling) to 11.924 g/(10min) after 03 SR. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of samples supports the thermal stability of ABS-MF recycled composite after 03 SR. The printability of ABS-MF composite was also ensured after SR using the material extrusion (MEX) based 3D printing. FTIR analysis of ABS-MF composite shows a significant rise in transmittance of infrared radiation after SR, making the composite suitable for sensor applications. Further, the results of the impedance analyzer show an enhanced dielectric constant of ABS-MF composite after SR, which is ideal for sensor miniaturization.
Development of a surrogate model for predicting atherosclerotic plaque progression based on agent based modeling data
Authors: Spahić Lemana , Filipović Nenad 
Published: January 2025

Background Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries is a chronic, progressive condition characterized by the buildup of plaque within the arterial walls. Coronary artery disease (CAD), more specifically coronary atherosclerosis (CATS), is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Computational modeling frameworks have been used for simulation of atherosclerotic plaque progression and with the advancement of agent-based modeling (ABM) the simulation results became more accurate. However, there is a need for optimization of resources for predictive modeling, hence surrogate models are being built to substitute lengthy computational models without compromising the results. Objective This study explores the development of a surrogate model for atherosclerotic plaque progression using ABM simulation data. Method The dataset used for this study contains samples from latin-hypercube sampling based generated simulation parameters used in conjunction with 15 patient-specific geometries and corresponding plaque progression data. The developed surrogate model is based on deep learning using artificial neural networks (ANN). Results The surrogate model achieved an accuracy of 95.4% in benchmarking with the ABM model it was built upon which indicates the robustness of the framework. Conclusion Adoption of surrogate models with high accuracy in practice opens an avenue for utilization of high-fidelity decision support systems for predicting atherosclerotic plaque progression in real-time.
Ginsenoside Enrichment and Soil Enhancement via Reductive Soil Disinfection Treatment
Authors: Xu Zhefeng , Liu Chunshuo , Chen Yuqiu , Fang Jing , Liu Rui , Zhang Tao , Chen Changbao 
Published: January 2025

Background Ginseng ( Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) is a type of plant that cannot be continuously cultivated. Continuous cultivation of ginseng can lead to the deterioration of soil properties, affecting the normal growth and development of ginseng. Objectives Improving soil quality and breaking down the obstacles to the continuous cultivation of ginseng can help the sustainable development of the ginseng cultivation industry. We hope to improve the quality of continuous cropping soil through reductive soil disinfection (RSD), and we hope that the quality of ginseng cultivated in soil under RSD improvement conditions can be improved. Materials and Methods A 3-year-old ginseng field was used as a control, soybean (SOY), broccoli (BRO), alfalfa (ALF), purple perilla (PPE), and rapeseed (RAP) were used as organic carbon sources. RSD improvement technology was used to treat the soil of the old ginseng field before planting ginseng. The content of ginsenosides was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and the total ginsenoside content was determined by perchloric acid-vanillin-acetic acid colorimetry. Soil pH, conductivity, bulk density (SBD), maximum water capacity (MWC), capillary water capacity (CWC), soil moisture content (SWC), alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen (SAN), organic matter (SOM), available phosphorus, urease activity, catalase activity, protease activity, sucrase, amylase, cellulase, and glucanase activities and acid phosphatase activity were determined based on the methods in the literature. Results RSD treatment significantly increased the content of ginsenosides, improved soil acidity, and increased soil enzyme activity and water-holding capacity. When PPE and BRO were used as RSD carbon sources, soil salinization could be improved. Ginsenoside Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rb3, Rb1, Ro, TG, Rg1, Re, soil nitrate reductase, soil protease, SBD, and SWC were the most active factors under RSD treatment and were also the main influencing factors for distinguishing sample differences under different RSD treatments. The results obtained by the analytic hierarchy process showed that all RSD treatments improved the comprehensive quality of ginseng and soil samples, with SOY, PPE, and RAP being the better treatments. Conclusion SOY was the best method for RSD processing. RSD not only improved soil properties but also enhanced the quality of ginseng, making it an effective technique for soil remediation in intensive ginseng cultivation.
Comparison of reconstruction techniques after pancreatoduodenectomy: A single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Justo Alonso Iago , Peralta Fernández-Revuelta Paola , Marcacuzco Quinto Alberto , Caso Maestro Oscar , Alonso Murillo Laura , Jiménez-Romero Carlos 
Published: January 2025

Background: There is controversy regarding which is the best reconstruction technique after the pancreatoduodenectomy. Currently, there are no studies comparing the three most frequent reconstruction techniques: Whipple + Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy (WRYGJ), pyloric-preserving + Billroth II (PPBII), and Whipple + BII (WBII). Methods: Between 2012 and March 2023, 246 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with the following type of reconstruction techniques: (1) WRYGJ: 40 patients; (2) PPBII: 118 patients; and (3) WBII: 88 patients. A retrospective comparative study among these groups was performed. Results: No significant differences were found among the groups regarding duration of the surgery, the blood volume transfused, or caliber of the Wirsung duct. The size and types of tumors, the degree of differentiation and tumor invasion of the peripancreatic tissue, vascular and neural structures, and lymph nodes were similar among the groups. The rate of R0 resection was lower in WBII (62.5% [55/88]) than in WRYGJ (75% [30/40]) and PPBII (72% [85/118]), but statistically insignificant among the groups (p = 0.232). The incidences of relevant B/C postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) were similar among the groups: 7.5% (7/40) in WRYGJ, 17% (20/118) in PPBI, and 26.2% (23/88) in WBII (p = 0.292). In addition, the incidence of B/C delayed gastric emptying (DGE) was higher in WBII (27.3% [24/88]) than in WRYGJ (20% [8/40]) and PPBII (19.5% [23/118]) but statistically insignificance among the groups (p = 0.381). The incidence of medical and surgical complications, intensive care unit and hospital stays, morbimortality at 90 days, and 5-year survival were similar among the groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that POPF grade B/C was a risk factor for DGE grade B/C (odds ratio (OR) = 9.903, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.829–20.310; p < 0.001), and a <3-mm Wirsung duct was a risk factor for POPF (OR = 3.604, 95% CI = 1.791–7.254; p < 0.001). Conclusion: No technique was superior to the others. Only relevant POPF B/C was a risk factor for DGE B/C, and <3 mm Wirsung for a POPF.
Successful Surgical Management of Giant, Shamblin III Carotid Body Tumor (CBT) on a Male With 5 Years of Follow-Up: Case Report and Literature Review on Giant CBT
Authors: Ruvalcaba-Guerrero Helen , Anaya-Ayala Javier E. , Martín-Dorantes Mario A. , Santos-Chávez Eros E. , Serrano-Heredia Jonahí S. , Andrade-Orozco Guillermo , Martínez-Benítez Braulio , Hinojosa Carlos A. 
Published: January 2025

Background Carotid body tumor (CBT) is a rare neoplasm that arises from the chemoreceptor cells located at the carotid bifurcation. Giant CBTs are extremely rare, with only 16 cases reported to date. Case Summary A 63-year-old male with an unremarkable medical history presented with a right-sided, giant, Shamblin III CBT. For 20 years, he had been suffering from progressive dyspnea, dysphonia, and pain with left neck rotation. A computed tomography scan confirmed its dimension of 89 × 61 × 60 mm (height × width × depth). We performed our routine retrocarotid dissection technique (RCDT) without preoperative embolization. Histopathology reported an encapsulated, non-epithelial neuroendocrine neoplasm with architectural Zellballen pattern. His postoperative period was uneventful and was discharged home on day 2. At 5 years, he remains symptom-free without neoplasm recurrence. Conclusion This case illustrates the atypical clinical presentation and the successful treatment of a giant, Shamblin III CBT with the RCDT without preoperative embolization.
A Nomogram for Predicting Perirenal Hematoma After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Authors: Feng Chi , Tan Jun-Tao , Jiang Qi-Hua , Li Zhi-Hua , Mo Bei 
Published: January 2025

Backgroud Perirenal hematoma (PRH) is a notable complication following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with significant implications for patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop a nomogram predictive model for PRH after PCNL. Methods Retrospective data from patients who underwent PCNL were analyzed. Patient demographics, stone characteristics, and operative details were assessed for their association with PRH using univariate and multivariate analyses. A nomogram was constructed based on identified predictors. Results Among 1047 patients, 6.2% developed PRH. Factors significantly associated with PRH included age, urine culture, stone surface area, operative time and estimate blood loss. These factors were incorporated into the nomogram, providing a user-friendly tool for preoperative risk assessment of PRH following PCNL. Conclusion We developed a nomogram predictive model for PRH after PCNL, facilitating individualized risk assessment and preventive strategies. Implementation of this nomogram may enhance patient safety and optimize surgical outcomes in PCNL procedures. Further validation studies are warranted to assess its generalizability and accuracy.
Health-related quality of life after Dega pelvic osteotomy and varus derotation osteotomy due to spastic hip disease in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Kasprzyk Maciej , Koch Aleksander , Jóźwiak Marek 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Our study aimed to present health-related quality of life (HRQL) after combined bone reconstruction in nonambulatory patients with cerebral palsy (CP) after at least a 2-year follow-up and to assess its impact on HRQL using the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities questionnaire (CPCHILD) as the primary outcome measure. Methods: In this prospective study, we analyzed 31 nonambulatory patients with spastic or mixed CP (GMFCS levels IV–V) who underwent hip reconstructive surgery between 2015 and 2021. The surgical procedures included one-sided varus derotation osteotomy of the femur with Dega transiliac osteotomy and, on the opposite side, varus derotation osteotomy (VDRO) of the femur with shortening and, as needed, Dega pelvic osteotomy. Results: The study demonstrated significant improvement in the hip joint motion range, as assessed by the Thomas test, in hip abduction and rotational movements of the hip, as well as reduction of spasticity. The procedures also resulted in significant radiographic improvement of the femoral head coverage. The assessment of symptoms and problems associated with the hip revealed a positive influence of the surgery on pain, contractures, toileting/perineal hygiene, dressing, seating, transferring, and position changes. The mean improvement at a follow-up visit was significant in all domains of the CPCHILD, except for communication and social interaction. Conclusion: Hip reconstruction with VDRO and Dega pelvic osteotomy can enhance the HRQL of children with CP. These surgical interventions can help to achieve the correct hip position and to reduce pain, which positively affects the patient QL, although proactive treatment results in less invasive procedures. Level of Evidence: IV case series.
Evaluating the effect of noise reduction strategies in CT perfusion imaging for predicting infarct core with deep learning
Authors: Crouch James J. F. , Boutelier Timothé , Davis Adam , Shiraz Bhurwani Mohammad Mahdi , Snyder Kenneth V. , Papageorgakis Christos , Raguenes Dorian , Ionita Ciprian N. 
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the efficacy of deep learning models in identifying infarct tissue on computed tomography perfusion (CTP) scans from patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion, specifically addressing the potential influence of varying noise reduction techniques implemented by different vendors. We analyzed CTP scans from 60 patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy achieving a modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) score of 2c or 3, ensuring minimal changes in the infarct core between the initial CTP and follow-up MR imaging. Noise reduction techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA), wavelet, non-local means (NLM), and a no denoising approach, were employed to create hemodynamic parameter maps. Infarct regions identified on follow-up diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) within 48 hours were co-registered with initial CTP scans and refined with ADC maps to serve as ground truth for training a data-augmented U-Net model. The performance of this convolutional neural network (CNN) was assessed using Dice coefficients across different denoising methods and infarct sizes, visualized through box plots for each parameter map. Our findings show no significant differences in model accuracy between PCA and other denoising methods, with minimal variation in Dice scores across techniques. This study confirms that CNNs are adaptable and capable of handling diverse processing schemas, indicating their potential to streamline diagnostic processes and effectively manage CTP input data quality variations.
Time to consider health services dedicated for adults living with cerebral small vessel disease: Report of a ESO scientific seminar
Authors: Arteaga-Reyes Carmen , Sen Dwaipayan , Rudilosso Salvatore , Jouvent Eric , Hervé Dominique , Lindgren Arne G , Wardlaw Joanna M , Melkas Susanna , Doubal Fergus N 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a highly prevalent disorder leading to physical, cognitive and functional decline. We report key barriers in the management of individuals with cSVD, the potential benefit of cSVD-dedicated health services, and evidence from existing models of care for adults with cSVD. Methods: We examined information from a scientific seminar developed between seven experts in cSVD during the eighth European Stroke Organisation Conference that discussed the optimal health care for adults with cSVD and what health services dedicated to cSVD should include. Findings: Barriers in cSVD care include unrecognised symptoms and modifiable risk factors, heterogeneity of clinical presentations, inefficient inter/intra-clinical services communication/organisation, and uncertainties regarding what assessments/treatments should be routinely done, when and by whom. However, existing health services and research studies suggest models of care in cSVD. Multi-step approaches can be used for identification and aetiological workup in individuals with cSVD, including basic and selected advanced evaluations, for example, monogenic cSVD testing. Although current guidelines for management of cSVD illlustrate limitations, there are recommendations on risk factors and lifestyle considerations, as well as pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for people with cSVD. Discussion and conclusion: Existing healthcare models do not provide optimal care for individuals with cSVD. Lack of awareness of heterogeneous clinical presentations and uncertainty in threshold of cSVD ‘burden’ for referral to specialist multidisciplinary services, are key challenges for health services to overcome. Creating cSVD-dedicated services may prevent underdiagnosing and achieve standardised holistic management to improve outcomes in people with cSVD. However, adequate prevention and early management should be offered at all levels of care.
An eCIRP inhibitor attenuates fibrosis and ferroptosis in ischemia and reperfusion induced chronic kidney disease
Authors: Zhang Fangming , Hu Zhijian , Jacob Asha , Brenner Max , Wang Ping 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of death in the United States, and renal fibrosis represents a pathologic hallmark of CKD. Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is a stress response protein involved in acute inflammation, tissue injury and regulated cell death. However, the role of eCIRP in chronic inflammation and tissue injury has not been elucidated. We hypothesize that eCIRP is involved in renal ischemia/reperfusion (RIR)-induced CKD and that C23, an antagonist to eCIRP, is beneficial in attenuating renal fibrosis and ferroptosis in RIR-induced CKD.

Methods
C57BL/6 (WT) or CIRP−/− mice underwent renal injury with total blockage of blood perfusion by clamping bilateral renal pedicles for 28 min. In the WT mice at the time of reperfusion, they were treated with C23 (8 mg/kg) or vehicle. Blood and kidneys were harvested for further analysis at 21 days thereafter. In a separate cohort, mice underwent bilateral RIR and treatment with C23 or vehicle and were then subjected to left nephrectomy 72 h thereafter. Mice were then monitored for additional 19 days, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was assessed using a noninvasive transcutaneous method.

Results
In the RIR-induced CKD, CIRP−/− mice showed decreased collagen deposition, fibronectin staining, and renal injury as compared to the WT mice. Administration of C23 ameliorated renal fibrosis by decreasing the expression of active TGF-β1, α-SMA, collagen deposition, fibronectin and macrophage infiltration to the kidneys. Furthermore, intervention with C23 significantly decreased renal ferroptosis by reducing iron accumulation, increasing the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and lipid peroxidation in the kidneys of RIR-induced CKD mice. Treatment with C23 also attenuated BUN and creatinine. Finally, GFR was significantly decreased in RIR mice with left nephrectomy and C23 treatment partially prevented their decrease.

Conclusion
Our data show that eCIRP plays an important role in RIR-induced CKD. Treatment with C23 decreased renal inflammation, alleviated chronic renal injury and fibrosis, and inhibited ferroptosis in the RIR-induced CKD mice.
Considerations for adapting digital competencies and training approaches to the public health workforce: an interpretive description of practitioners’ perspectives in Canada
Authors: Iyamu Ihoghosa , Ramachandran Swathi , Chang Hsiu-Ju , Kushniruk Andre , Ibáñez-Carrasco Francisco , Worthington Catherine , Davies Hugh , McKee Geoffrey , Brown Adalsteinn , Gilbert Mark 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Widespread digital transformation necessitates developing digital competencies for public health practice. Given work in 2024 to update Canada’s public health core competencies, there are opportunities to consider digital competencies. In our previous research, we identified digital competency and training recommendations within the literature. In this study, we explored public health practitioners' experiences and perspectives on adapting identified digital competencies and training recommendations for Canada.

Methods
Between November and December 2023, we conducted an interpretive description using four focus groups with 19 public health practitioners working in regional and federal health authorities across Canada, with at least 3 years’ experience in current roles and experience using digital technologies in practice. We explored practitioners’ experiences using digital technologies and sought their opinions on how digital competency recommendations previously identified could be adapted to Canada’s context. To generate deep insights of practitioners’ subjective experiences and perspectives, we analyzed verbatim transcripts using Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
We identified three main themes: a) public health systems must evolve to support new digital competencies; b) strengthen the basics before extending towards digital competencies; and c) focus on building general digital competencies with options for specialization where necessary. Findings emphasized matching workforce digital competencies to public health system capabilities and meaningfully integrating digital competencies within existing curricula. Such integration can consider how digital technologies change current public health practice to ensure practitioners are better able to address contemporary public health problems. Findings demonstrated roles for specialized digital programs as resources for learning within health systems and emphasized hands-on real-world training approaches.

Conclusion
We need integrated, systems-focused approaches to digital competencies cutting across the current public health curriculum, while creating space for specialized digital public health competencies and roles. Further research is needed to understand requirements for enacting these recommendations in practice.