bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Inflammatory Markers with Disease Severity and Outcome in Covid-19 Patients
Authors: Gjuzelova Aleksandra Aleksoska , Nakova Valentina Velkoska , Nanovic Zorica , Metodieva Marija , Stojkoska Aleksandra Jorganovic , Camurovski Nikola , Mitreski Vladimir , Krstevska Slagjana Simeonova 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives: The coronavirus pandemic was associated with a high mortality rate in the Republic of North Macedonia. Finding early markers of the disease’s severity may predict outcomes and guide the treatment of the disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of inflammatory markers in predicting the outcome of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients.

Methods: The study included 104 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients who underwent hospital treatment at the Institute of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis in Skopje, North Macedonia, between November 2020 and May 2021. Inflammatory markers were assessed in all patients and correlated with the disease severity and outcome in terms of survival or death.

Results: IL-6 and LDH at admission were significantly elevated in patients with a severe or critical form of the disease and among non-survivors. In addition, IL-6 showed 87.9% of sensitivity and 61.8% of specificity for distinguishing non-survivors from survivors with a cut-off value of 21.7 pg/ml in the receiver operator curve (ROC). Procalcitonin was significantly increased in non-survivors. Parallel to the increase of disease severity, the values of CRP and LDH increased significantly during hospitalization.

Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that a significant association exists between the highly increased levels of CRP, LDH, IL-6 and procalcitonin and the severity of the disease and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Their measurements and follow-up during the course of the disease could be used as predictors for prognosis and outcome but also as a subject for targeted therapy.
Dharmakīrti’s Dual Philosophical Identity
Authors: Gokhale Pradeep P. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the paper, the author addresses the question of Dharmakīrti’s philosophical identity afresh. While acknowledging both the elements, external realism of Sautrāintika and idealism of Yogācāra, the author does disagree with the claim which is sometimes made, that Dharmakīrti’s idealism as his ultimate position and accepts realism only at conventional level. The author shows how Dharmakīrti in Pramāṇavārttika oscillates between the two positions and that he must have been attracted to both the positions for different reasons. He was attracted to idealism from critical point of view, when he was critical about the limitations of Sautrāntika realism (which itself can be called critical realism). He was attracted to realism for its capacity to explain the diverse phenomena and lead human beings to their goals. The author denies the claim made by some scholars that Dharmakīrti’s idealism can be called just an epistemic one. He argues that it did have a metaphysical dimension which is hard to defend. The author shows that Dharmakīrti’s idealist stance has adverse implications to the realist epistemology and logic which constitute his mainstream position; the implications, which Dharmakīrti does not take up for discussion.
Development of Jaina Pramāṇaśāstra in the Commentaries of Tattvārthasūtra
Authors: Jain Dharm Chand 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In Jaina philosophy, pramāṇa is accepted as a definitive knowledge of an object and knowledge itself. There are many treatises on Jaina pramāṇa-śāstra which include epistemology and logic according to Jainism. Since Siddhasena’s Nyāyāvatra more than forty texts and commentaries are available on this subject. Five types of knowledge i.e. matijñāna (knowledge through sense organs and mind), śrutajñāna (scriptural of verbal knowledge), avadhijñāna (clairvoyance), manaḥparyayajñāna (knowing the modes of others’ minds) and kevaljñāna (knowledge of all substances and modes) as mentioned in the canonical literature are the basis of the development of Jaina pramāṇa-śāstra. Contributions of Bhaṭṭa Akalaṅka (720–780), Vidyānanda (775–840), Ananatavirya (950–990), Vādiraj (1025), Abhayadevasuri (10th century), Prabhācandra (980–1065), Vādi devasśūri (1086–1169, Hemacandra (1088–1173), Dharmabushaṇa (15th century), Yaśovijaya (18th century) are very important in the development of Jaina pramāṇa-śāstra, the Tattvārthasūtra and its commentarial literature has also a significant role in developing the Jaina pramāṇa-śāstra. This development has three aspects-conceptual, analytical and logical. The Tattvārthasūtra is the first text which established the classification of knowledge as two types of pramāṇa – pratyakṣa (perception) and parokṣa (indirect pramāṇa). An intensive discussion on Jaina epistemology or pramāṇa-śāstra is seen in the commentarial literature of the Tattvārthasūtra.
Using Transition Systems to Formalize Ideas from Vedānta
Authors: Krishnan Padmanabhan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Vedānta is one of the oldest philosophical systems. While there are many detailed commentaries on Vedānta, there are very few mathematical descriptions of the different concepts developed there. This article shows how ideas from theoretical computer science can be used to explain Vedānta. The standard ideas of transition systems and modal logic are used to develop a formal description for the different ideas in Vedānta. The generality of the formalism is illustrated via a number of examples including saṃsāra, Patañjali’s Yogasūtras, karma, the three avasthās from the Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad and the key difference between advaita and dvaita in relation to mokṣa.
The Traditional Approach to the Periodization of Indian Philosophy as a Hegelian Approach
Authors: Schumann Andrew 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the methodology of history of philosophy. There are considered two approaches: the Hegelian and Schellingian ones. It is shown that the Hegelian approach has many weak points. Both approaches are demonstrated on the material of Indian philosophy. The Schellingian approach was hammered out then by Foucault as archeology of philosophy.
STRATEGI KPU KOTA METRO DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERSELISIHAN HASIL PEMILU PADA PEMILU 2019
Authors: Lestari Eni , Hertanto Hertanto , Kurniawan Robi Cahyadi 
Published: March 2023

KPU Kota Metro mengalami sengketa gugatan perselisihan hasil pemilu 2019 dari salah satu partai politik peserta pemilu yakni PKS Kota Metro. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mengetahui faktor penyebab terjadinya sengketa perselisihan hasil Pemilu 2019 di Kota Metro (2) mengetahui strategi resolusi KPU Kota Metro dalam menyelesaikan sengketa perselisihan hasil Pemilu 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Pertama, faktor yang menyebabkan konflik ada dua yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal meliputi kurangnya pemahaman petugas KPPS, faktor kelelahan, perbedaan pendapat serta adanya pihak yang merasa dirugikan. Faktor eksternalnya adalah masifnya pemberitaan tentang KPU Kota Metro dibeberapa media yang mempengaruhi suasana politik serta adanya indikasi faktor kepentingan dari salah satu partai politik. Kedua, KPU Kota Metro dalam menyelesaikan sengketa tersebut melakukan komunikasi politik formal dengan PKS Kota Metro tetapi hal tersebut tidak membuahkan hasil sehingga PKS Kota Metro melayangkan gugatan ke Mahkamah Konstitusi. KPU Kota Metro dalam menghadapi gugatan tersebut menerapkan tiga strategi manajemen konflik yaitu (a) menghindar dengan tidak memberikan kontra opini terhadap pemberitaan media massa dan media sosial tetapi hanya sekedar memberikan jawaban normatif apabila ada yang meminta klarifikasi, (b) berkolaborasi dengan KPU Provinsi, KPU Pusat untuk meminta arahan dan badan adhoc dalam rangka persamaan persepsi serta Bawaslu Kota Metro terkait dokumen yang kurang dipersidangan, dan (c) berkompetisi dengan pihak pemohon untuk memenangkan gugatan di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Strategi ini efektif dilihat dengan dimenangkannya gugatan tersebut dan keputusannya dapat diterima oleh PKS Kota Metro dan pendukungnya.
MODAL SOSIAL DALAM PEMILIHAN KEPALA DESA (PILKADES) (Studi Terhadap Tokoh Wandi Sebagai Calon Kepala Desa di Desa Susukan, Kecamatan Susukan, Kabupaten Cirebon, Jawa Barat Tahun 2019)
Authors: Putra Fikhri Andhito , Hanafie Haniah 
Published: March 2023

Wandi, salah seorang warga Desa Susukan, Kecamatan Susukan, Kabupaten Cirebon Jawa Barat, telah memberanikan diri mengikuti Pemilihan Kepala Desa (pilkades), meskipun modal sosial yang dimilikinya tidak mumpuni, karena status Wandi hanya sebagai seorang mekanik TV dan harus beraing dengan calon kepala desa lain dengan modal sosial yang lebih mumpuni. Penelitian ini, mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis Modal Sosial dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa dengan studi kasus seorang tokoh bernama Wandi sebagai calon pilkades, di Desa Susukan pada tahun 2019. Teori Modal Sosial dan Motivasi digunakan sebagai pisau analisis. Pendekatan penelitian bersifat kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, studi pustaka dan telaah dokumen. Sedangkan key informan dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa meskipun dengan modal sosial yang tidak mumpuni, karena hanya sebagai seorang mekanik TV, pendidikan tidak tinggi dan tidak memiliki kekayaan, jika dibandingkan dengan calon kepala desa lainnya, tetapi motivasi kuat membuat Wandi memberanikan diri untuk mengikuti pilkades di Desa Susukan, meskipun akhirnya kalah. Modal sosial Wandi tidak mumpuni, karena sangat jauh berbeda dengan kedua calon lainnya. Kemampuan finansial, strategi “lurus” (non money politics) dan orientasi masyarakat yang masih bersifat pragmatis merupakan faktor kenadala kemenangan Wandi dalam pilkades 2019 di Desa Susukan. Kesimpulan bahwa meskipun Wandi kalah dalam pilkades, tetapi Wandi telah menanamkan pembelajaran moral bagi masyarakat.
POLITIK IDENTITAS DIBALIK PANGGUNG PILKADES
Authors: Surya Dian Ariyani , Noerzaman Ali , Usni Usni 
Published: March 2023

Pemilihan kepala desa merupakan pemilihan tingkat bawah yang menyentuh masyarakat sebagai implementasi sistem demokrasi. Sehingga warga negara mempunyai hak yang bebas untuk mengemukakan pendapatnya serta bebas untuk memilih. tetapi tidak lepas dengan kaidah undang-undang yang sudah ada. Cara memilih seorang kepala desa dapat dilakukan di desa tersebut secara langsung, damai, dengan warga desa yang sudah siap untuk memilih calon kepala desanya. Namun, pada saat pemilihan kepala desa sedang berlangsung kerap kali dibarengi dengan politik identitas di dalamnya. Hal tersebut dilakukan supaya calon kepala desa bisa mencapai tujuannya untuk memperoleh suara terbanyak di pemilihan calon kepala desa. Seperti yang terjadi pada saat pemilihan kepala desa rumpin pada tahun 2019. Tidak hanya politik identitas saja yang ada di balik panggung pemilihan kepala desa, tetapi politik identitas etnikpun dihadirkan dalam panggung pemilihan kepala desa tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan memakai metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data sendiri menggunakan teknik wawancara yang mendalam kepada berbagai sumber. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan data yang sekunder dengan melalui studi literatur dari sebuah jurnal serta media online yang dijadikan sebagai bahan rujukan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa politik identitas warga yang ada di desa rumpin di landasi dengan adanya sebuah agama dan etnik dalam budaya politik yang warga desanya memiliki sebuah kepercayaan kepada calon kepala desanya sehingga bisa terjadi sebuah nepotisme di desa Rumpin.
The Synergy of Military and Civil Society in High-Value Timber Production: Developing Forest Institutions Above the Ruins of Conflict
Authors: Kusuma Bayu Mitra A. 
Published: March 2023

Maluku is a province in eastern Indonesia that has experienced prolonged conflict due to racial and sectarian issues. This conflict can be resolved when the state through the military changes its approach from security to prosperity. With the synergy of the military and civil society as the basic foundation of the Green Gold program, Maluku has transformed into a producer of high-value timber such as agarwood (Aquilaria Malaccensis) and sandalwood (Santalum Album) from their production forests. This research aims to analyze the institutional governance of production forests in Maluku using the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework as an analytical tool. To analyze the above phenomenon, this research used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected from interviews and literature studies. The research results showed that:Â First,Â in terms of Attributes of the Resource, it was found that basically local users have managed the production forest resources quite well, but they still have a high dependence on military assistance.Â Second, in terms of Attributes of the Users, it was found that the community has a high sense of belonging to the forest. There is an assumption that if they do not manage the forest well, it will be difficult for them to escape from conflict. Therefore, in order to realize community self-government over the forest, the military gradually reduced its role.
A correlation study of arterial stiffness, cardiac autonomic neuropathy and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Kar Manisha , Priyadarsini Nibedita , Behera Kishore Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
Micro and macrovasculopathy are common complications of undertreated or undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. One of the underlying factors of macrovasculopathy is arterial stiffness, which may lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Understandably, diabetic micro and macrovasculopathy affect vital functions, which may affect the well-being of the individual. However, few studies have attempted to determine arterial stiffness, cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and lipid profile separately in South Asian population and examined its associations with T2DM. Moreover, there is a need to understand the mechanistic links among cardiovascular risk factors. This forms the basis of the present study.

Materials and Methods:
T2DM patients of 53–62 years and age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects were recruited in the cross-sectional and observational study (n = 30 each, eight women). Anthropometric measurements, physiological parameters such as resting heart rate, peripheral blood pressure (PBP), central blood pressure (CBP), augmentation index% (AIx%), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and lead II ECG for analysis of heart rate variability parameters were recorded after obtaining the consent of the study participants. The lipid profile and fasting blood glucose were also analysed.

Results:
Peripheral systolic blood pressure was significantly higher (P = 0.05) in T2DM patients. Dyslipidaemia was evident in T2DM patients. Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was also significantly higher in T2DM patients. Correlation analysis revealed a positive association between AIx% with PBP and CBP as well as between AIP index and central systolic blood pressure, serum triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels. AIP index was found to be negatively associated with HF (nu). Serum TG, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and AIP index have emerged as significant independent predictors of T2DM vasculopathy by multiple regression analysis.

Conclusion:
In the present study, atherogenic dyslipidaemia was observed in T2DM patients in combination with increased serum levels of TG, VLDL-C and decreased serum levels of HDL-C. Moreover, AIP index, a predictor cardiovascular risk, was found to be significantly higher in T2DM patients. Dyslipidaemia was found to be associated with dysregulation of autonomic nervous system in those patients. A positive association between noninvasive, surrogate markers of arterial stiffness with PBP and CBP indicates that enhanced arterial stiffness may elevate systemic arterial pressure. Therefore, early screening of T2DM patients for the estimation of serum lipid profile, arterial stiffness and cardiac autonomic neuropathy may be performed to unravel diabetic vasculopathy.
ON SIGNIFICANCE OF EXPANDING THE TASKS OF OPERATIONAL SEARCH ACTIVITIES IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Ахмедов А.Г. 
Published: March 2023

Исследуются вопросы, связанные с проведением оперативно-розыскных мероприятий, направленных на оперативно-розыскное обеспечение расширенной задачи оперативно-розыскной деятельности. Указаны имеющиеся недостатки в деятельности оперативных подразделений и предложены примеры их решения с учетом опыта зарубежных стран.
The article deals with relevant issues related to operational-search activities aimed at operational and investigative support of the expanded task of police operations. Shortcoming in operative units activities are defined therein with their solution examples based on foreign experience being proposed.
The Effect of the Social Responsibility Theory in forming Public Interest Journalism
Authors: Asaad Arshad Khaleel , Hama Saeed Nazakat Hussein , Ahmad Araz Ramazan 
Published: March 2023

This research focuses on the theory of social responsibility in forming public interest journalism which is currently considered to be a new and effective form of journalism, it has a predominant impact on public interest, common welfare, and serving humanity. This research is a scientific endeavor to understand the social responsibility theory of the media, and to what extent media organizations adhere to this responsibility, to create public interest journalism.
The research highlights the important aspects of public interest journalism, including social responsibility, ethics, and professionalism, in addition to the role of investigative journalism in forming public interest journalism.
The research aims to show the level of reliance on social responsibility, its relation, and its influence in forming public interest journalism. It identifies to what extent adherence to social responsibility, and its association, contributes to raising and instructing professional journalists to build public interest journalism. Moreover, illustrates to what degree social responsibility results in complying with the principles of work ethics in creating public interest journalism.
The results of this study have shown that the theory of social responsibility has a positive impact on Furthermore, the results indicate that theory of social responsibility is a theory of reform and gives journalists the ability to work in terms of professionalism and to follow the ethical principles of media work to serve the public interest. This theory is not opposed to the positive values of societies, the values the media promulgates for is for bringing the world's nations closer, or the values that demand independence and an end to war (Cold War). This theory believes in the independence of rights and duties of the society and according to, the principles of this theory society should feel this freedom. This means that media institutions should be professional, and ethical, and show legal responsibility towards society.
HUKUM POLIGAMI DALAM PERSEPEKTIF ULAMA FIQH
Authors: Baidhowi Aris 
Published: March 2023

Abstract :Â The fiqh ulama agree that the legal permissibility of polygamy in marriage is based on the word of Allah SWT, Surah of al-Nisa 'verse 3, which confirms that the polygamist husband conditions shall be fair to his wives. They recognize the value of justice in polygamy is something that is impossible to be realized. Therefore, the illat of legal permissibility of polygamy in Islam marriage is: that it shall not be encouraged by the motivation of biological sex and pleasure, but only by social and human motivation, since the interpretation of "able to do justice" as a basic requirement of polygamy allowance is very difficult. The permissibility of polygamy is not a recommendation; but it is a solution given in special conditions to them (husbands) who desperately need and meet certain requirements. Abstrak : Ulama fiqh sepakat bahwa kebolehan hukum poligami dalam pernikahan didasarkan pada firman Allah SWT, QS al-Nisa 'ayat 3, yang menegaskan bahwa kondisi poligami suami harus adil terhadap istri-istrinya. Mereka mengakui nilai keadilan dalam poligami adalah sesuatu yang mustahil untuk diwujudkan. Oleh karena itu, illat hukum kebolehan poligami dalam Islam pernikahan adalah: bahwa hal itu tidak akan didorong oleh motivasi dari seks biologis dan kesenangan, tetapi hanya dengan motivasi sosial dan manusia, karena penafsiran "mampu melakukan keadilan" sebagai dasar persyaratan penyisihan poligami sangat sulit. Diperbolehkannya poligami bukanlah rekomendasi; tetapi merupakan solusi yang diberikan dalam kondisi khusus untuk mereka (suami) yang sangat membutuhkan dan memenuhi persyaratan tertentu.
HIBAH AYAH KEPADA ANAK PEREMPUAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIQH GENDER
Authors: Saleh Fauzi 
Published: March 2023

Hibah is a present that given by someone to other for sake Allah swt. Nowadays, parents use the term (hibah) for avoiding the improper debate especially toward daughter. They distribute the property to their women children after evaluating how do it properly.Â The problem here is this kind of pure hibah or other name of heritage eventhough it is done before the death of parent. Some ulemas responded the issue, again, many intepretations related to hadith regarding the issue. Among the problem must be focused is the portion of daughter related the amount of property, also some of them have no portion of that. The writer also try to analyze the interpretation of ulemas related to nass on this issue. Through the research, the writer found the Islamic law never forbade hibah to be specialized to certain gender such daughter and mother. Concerning the daughter, the Syariah law pursue the justice among the children. So, it should be the same portion between male and female in relating to hibah.Hibah adalah hadiah yang diberikan oleh seseorang dengan yang lain demi Allah swt. Saat ini, orang tua menggunakan istilah (hibah) untuk menghindari perdebatan yang tidak tepat terutama terhadap anak. Mereka mendistribusikan properti untuk anakanak perempuan mereka setelah mengevaluasi bagaimana melakukannya dengan benar. Masalahnya di sini adalah jenis hibah murni atau nama lain dari warisan walaupun hal itu dilakukan sebelum kematian orang tua. Beberapa ulama menanggapi masalah ini, sekali lagi, banyak intepretations terkait dengan hadits tentang masalah ini. Di antara masalah harus difokuskan adalah bagian putri terkait jumlah properti, juga beberapa dari mereka tidak memiliki bagian itu. Penulis juga mencoba untuk menganalisis interpretasi ulama yang berkaitan dengan nass tentang masalah ini. Melalui penelitian, penulis menemukanÂ hukum Islam tidak pernah melarang hibah untuk khusus jenis kelamin anak seperti tertentu dan ibu. Mengenai putri, hukum Syariah mengejar keadilan di antara anak-anak. Jadi, itu harus porsi yang sama antara laki-laki dan perempuan dalam berhubungan dengan hibah.
Efektivitas Bimbingan Kelompok Berbasis Islami
Authors: Zulfa Nadhifatuz 
Published: March 2023

This study aims to knowing attitudes toward the double bourden of Muslim women who work (pretest and posttest) and the effectiveness of the implementation of Islamic-based group guidance to improve attitudes toward the double bourden of women. Location of research in Noyontaasari. Research approach is quantitative with experimental methods. The results showed that, the guidance of Islamic-based groups effectively increased attitudes toward the double bourden of woman Muslim workers. This is evident from the statistically significant wilcoxon test (probability <0.05). Therefore, there needs to be an Islamic-based group guidance service to improve attitudes toward women's double bourden, or to prevent the negative impact of Muslim women's double bourden on themselves and their families.