bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spider bite envenomation on Reunion Island
Authors: Cazanove Gregory , Rollard Christine , Le Roux Gaël , Maillot Adrien 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSpiders are the most abundant group of predators within the Earths ecosystems. On Reunion Island, there are up to 200 known species of spiders. However, the description of the envenomation by the bites of some local spiders have never performed. The objective of this study was to describe the representation of the health risks associated to the six spider species present on the island. The following species were described within the local arachnofauna: Latrodectus geometricus C. L. Koch, 1841 (Theridiidae), Steatoda grossa (C. L. Koch, 1838) (Theridiidae), Loxosceles rufescens (Dufour, 1820) (Sicariidae), Cheiracanthium insulare (Vinson, 1863) (Cheiracanthiidae), Cheiracanthium africanum Lessert, 1921 (Cheiracanthiidae) and Heteropoda venatoria (Linnaeus, 1767) (Sparasidae). This study constituted a first approach to the pathologies encountered by local venomous spider bites. To date, no recorded cases of envenomation linked to these species have been made so far. Some of the species or close species were documented in international literature as responsible for envenomation cases, however, future research should be taken in order to better inform and prepare healthcare professionals within the Reunion Island hospital services to deal with patients with spider bite cases.
Development of a screening method for the determination of carotenoids in ham sausage, juice, and cookies by an improved Bligh–Dyer method and LC–MS/MS
Authors: Li Shuang , Zhang Shun , Meng Yanan , Ran Zhaoshou , Cai Ting 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA screening method of 23 carotenoids in foods, such as ham sausage, juice, and cookies, was proposed using an improved Bligh–Dyer method that can satisfy the extraction requirements of common carotenoids with different physicochemical properties, including free and esterified carotenoids, by collecting the aqueous and organic phases simultaneously. Purification was then performed by loading the aqueous phase onto a hydrophile–lipophile balance (HLB) column; a methanol–water solution was used for washing, and the organic phases and additional chloroform were used for elution. By optimizing this step, interference from hydrophilic compounds and neutral triglycerides was effectively eliminated, and the matrix suppression effect after purification was greater than −16.3%. Finally, the extract was analyzed by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole–orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry. The results showed that the 23 carotenoids showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.01–0.2 µg/mL, and the limits of quantification (signal‐to‐noise ratio ≥10) were from 0.02 to 0.05 mg/kg. The average recoveries were 80.1%–98.7%, with relative standard deviation ≤10%. The proposed method can simultaneously identify and quantify 23 carotenoids in foods with high throughput, sensitivity, and reliability.
Young donor hematopoietic stem cells revitalize aged or damaged bone marrow niche by transdifferentiating into functional niche cells
Authors: Yuan Na , Wei Wen , Ji Li , Qian Jiawei , Jin Zhicong , Liu Hong , Xu Li , Li Lei , Zhao Chen , Gao Xueqin , He Yulong , Wang Mingyuan , Tang Longhai , Fang Yixuan , Wang Jianrong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe bone marrow niche maintains hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis and declines in function in the physiologically aging population and in patients with hematological malignancies. A fundamental question is now whether and how HSCs are able to renew or repair their niche. Here, we show that disabling HSCs based on disrupting autophagy accelerated niche aging in mice, whereas transplantation of young, but not aged or impaired, donor HSCs normalized niche cell populations and restored niche factors in host mice carrying an artificially harassed niche and in physiologically aged host mice, as well as in leukemia patients. Mechanistically, HSCs, identified using a donor lineage fluorescence‐tracing system, transdifferentiate in an autophagy‐dependent manner into functional niche cells in the host that include mesenchymal stromal cells and endothelial cells, previously regarded as “nonhematopoietic” sources. Our findings thus identify young donor HSCs as a primary parental source of the niche, thereby suggesting a clinical solution to revitalizing aged or damaged bone marrow hematopoietic niche.
MYC‐induced cytidine metabolism regulates survival and drug resistance via cGas‐STING pathway in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Liang Jin‐Hua , Ren Yi‐Min , Du Kai‐Xin , Gao Rui , Duan Zi‐Wen , Guo Jing‐Ran , Xing Tong‐Yao , Wang Wei‐Ting , Wang Li , Wang Yan , Wang Rong , Li Jian‐Yong , Xu Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLymphocyte proliferation and tumourigenesis are dependent on nucleotide synthesis to support DNA, RNA and phospholipid synthesis. Here, we identified that reprogramming of nucleotide metabolism as an important factor divides mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) into two groups with different transcriptional signalling pathways and varying prognoses. We establish a nucleotide metabolism‐related prognostic model that includes six genes with different regression coefficients, which significantly predicts prognosis for MCL patients (p < 0.0001). Of these six genes, de novo CTP synthesis pathway enzyme CTPS1 whose inhibitor (STP938) is already in clinical trials for relapsed/refractory lymphomas (NCT05463263) has the highest regression coefficient. An increase in CTPS1 expression predicts adverse overall survival and progression‐free survival with independent prognostic significance in 105 primary MCL samples and GEO database (GSE93291). CRISPR CTPS1 knockout causes DNA damage and proliferation defects in MCL. Additionally, MYC positively regulates CTPS1 expression, and TP53‐aberrant and ibrutinib‐resistant MCL cells also rely on cytidine metabolism. Furthermore, besides the obvious decreased CTP pool caused by CTPS1 deficiency, CTPS1 inhibition may also induce immune‐related responses via activating dsDNA‐cGAS‐STING pathway, which plays a crucial role in impeding tumour growth in MCL patients.
Copy number gain of ACTN4 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Kawamura Kazuki , Miyai Kosuke , Sato Kimiya , Matsukuma Susumu , Honda Kazufumi , Ito Keiichi , Tsuda Hitoshi 
Published: May 2023

Abstractα‐Actinin4 (ACTN4), an isoform of non‐muscular α‐actinin, is involved in enhancing cell motility and promoting cancer infiltration and metastasis in various cancers. However, information remains limited regarding the pathological significance of ACTN4 expression in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas (UUTUCs). We obtained tumor samples from 168 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed UUTUCs (92 with renal pelvic cancers and 76 with ureteral cancers), who were treated with nephroureterectomy or partial ureterectomy, and analyzed the expression of the ACTN4 protein and the amplification of ACTN4 using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), respectively. The median follow‐up duration was 65 months. Among 168 cases, 49 (29%) showed ACTN4 protein overexpression and 25 (15%) showed copy number gain (≥4 copies per cell) of ACTN4. The copy number gain of ACTN4 detected using FISH significantly correlated with ACTN4 protein overexpression and several adverse clinicopathological factors, including higher pathological T stage, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, positive surgical margin, concomitant subtype histology, and non‐papillary gross finding. Cox univariate regression analyses revealed that both copy number gain of ACTN4 and ACTN4 protein overexpression were significant risk factors for extraurothelial recurrence and death (each p < 0.0001), but multivariate analysis revealed that only copy number gain of ACTN4 was an independent risk factor for extraurothelial recurrence and death (p = 0.038 and 0.027, hazard ratio = 2.16 and 2.17, respectively). This is the first study demonstrating the aberrant expression status of ACTN4 in UUTUC and indicating its putative usefulness as a prognostic indicator in patients with UUTUC.
Does having vulnerable friends help vulnerable youth? The co‐evolution of friendships, victimization, and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents' social networks
Authors: Qin Xingna , Laninga‐Wijnen Lydia , Steglich Christian , Zhang Yunyun , Ren Ping , Veenstra René 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study examined whether having vulnerable friends helps or hurts victimized and depressed (i.e., vulnerable) adolescents and whether this depends on classroom supportive norms. Students (n = 1461, 46.7% girls, 93.4% Han nationality) were surveyed four times from seventh and eighth grade (Mage = 13 years) in 2015 and 2016 in Central China. Longitudinal social network analyses indicated that having vulnerable friends can both hurt and help vulnerable adolescents. Depressed adolescents with depressed friends increased in victimization over time. Victimized adolescents with victimized friends increased in victimization but decreased in depressive symptoms. These processes were most likely in classrooms with high supportive norms. Having friends and a supportive classroom may hurt vulnerable adolescents' social position but help victims' emotional development.
A rare case of cardiogenic shock caused by takotsubo syndrome associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: The value of echocardiography in the diagnosis and monitoring of the efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Luo Yiran , Ye Xianwei , Zhang Lu , Yang Yang , Liang Qin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) mainly invades the respiratory system, but may also cause various cardiovascular complications. We report a rare case of myocarditis associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. A 61‐year‐old man was admitted to the hospital with a positive nucleic acid test for SARS‐CoV‐2. A sudden increase in troponin level (up to .144 ng/mL) was observed on the 8th day after admission. He developed symptoms of heart failure and progressed rapidly to cardiogenic shock. Echocardiography on the same day showed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, reduced cardiac output, and segmental ventricular wall motion abnormalities. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was considered based on the typical echocardiography findings. We immediately started veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) treatment. The patient was successfully withdrawn from VA‐ECMO after 8 days following recovery of ejection fraction to 65% and all indicators qualifying the withdrawal criteria. Echocardiography plays an important role in dynamic monitoring of cardiac changes in such cases and can help determine the timing of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment and withdrawal.
Functional neurological disorder is common in patients attending chronic pain clinics
Authors: Mason Isabel , Renée Joanna , Marples Ivan , McWhirter Laura , Carson Alan , Stone Jon , Hoeritzauer Ingrid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeChronic pain is a common comorbidity in those with functional neurological disorder (FND); however, the prevalence and characteristics of FND in those with chronic pain is unknown.MethodsA retrospective electronic records review was made of consecutive new patients attending a chronic pain clinic of a regional service. Clinical features, medication for and outcome of chronic pain, any lifetime diagnoses of functional disorders, FND, and psychiatric disorders, and undiagnosed neurological symptoms were recorded.ResultsOf 190 patients attending the chronic pain clinic, 32 (17%) had a lifetime diagnosis of FND and an additional 11 (6%) had undiagnosed neurological symptoms. Pain patients with comorbid FND were more likely to have chronic primary pain (88% with FND, 44% without FND, p < 0.0001), widespread chronic primary pain (53%, 15%, p < 0.00001), and depression (84%, 52%, p < 0.005) and less likely to have a pain‐precipitating event (19% vs. 56%, p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between these patients in opiate prescription, benzodiazepine prescription, or pain outcome.ConclusionsThis first study of FND in a chronic pain patient population found a remarkably high prevalence of FND (17%) and is possibly an underestimation. The size of the overlap indicates that FND and chronic pain research fields are likely to have a lot to learn from each other.
Parkinson's disease genome‐wide association study‐linked PARK16 variant is associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment: A 4‐year observational study
Authors: Xiao Bin , Deng Xiao , Ng Ebonne Yu‐Lin , Lo Yew‐Long , Xu Zheyu , Tay Kay‐Yaw , Au Wing‐Lok , Ng Adeline , Tan Louis C. S. , Tan Eng‐King 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeA genome‐wide association study‐linked variant (PARK16 rs6679073) modulates the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). We postulate that there may be differences in clinical characteristics between PARK16 rs6679073 carriers and noncarriers. In a prospective study, we investigate the clinical characteristics between PARK16 rs6679073 A allele carriers and noncarriers over 4 years.MethodsA total of 204 PD patients, comprising 158 PARK16 rs6679073 A allele carriers and 46 noncarriers, were recruited. All patients underwent motor and nonmotor symptom and cognitive assessments yearly over 4 years.ResultsPARK16 rs6679073 carriers were less likely to have mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to noncarriers at both baseline (48.1% vs. 67.4%, p = 0.027) and 4‐year follow‐up (29.3% vs. 58.6%, p = 0.007).ConclusionsPD PARK16 rs6679073 carriers had significantly lower frequency of MCI in a 4‐year follow‐up study, suggesting that the variant may have a neuroprotective effect on cognitive functions.
Temporal stability of intracranial electroencephalographic abnormality maps for localizing epileptogenic tissue
Authors: Wang Yujiang , Schroeder Gabrielle M. , Horsley Jonathan J. , Panagiotopoulou Mariella , Chowdhury Fahmida A. , Diehl Beate , Duncan John S. , McEvoy Andrew W. , Miserocchi Anna , de Tisi Jane , Taylor Peter N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveIdentifying abnormalities on interictal intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG), by comparing patient data to a normative map, has shown promise for the localization of epileptogenic tissue and prediction of outcome. The approach typically uses short interictal segments of approximately 1 min. However, the temporal stability of findings has not been established.MethodsHere, we generated a normative map of iEEG in nonpathological brain tissue from 249 patients. We computed regional band power abnormalities in a separate cohort of 39 patients for the duration of their monitoring period (.92–8.62 days of iEEG data, mean = 4.58 days per patient, >4800 hours recording). To assess the localizing value of band power abnormality, we computed —a measure of how different the surgically resected and spared tissue was in terms of band power abnormalities—over time.ResultsIn each patient, the value was relatively consistent over time. The median of the entire recording period separated seizure‐free (International League Against Epilepsy [ILAE] = 1) and not‐seizure‐free (ILAE 1) patients well (area under the curve [AUC] = .69). This effect was similar interictally (AUC = .69) and peri‐ictally (AUC = .71).SignificanceOur results suggest that band power abnormality D_RS, as a predictor of outcomes from epilepsy surgery, is a relatively robust metric over time. These findings add further support for abnormality mapping of neurophysiology data during presurgical evaluation.
Recumbency decreases mare and foal survival following in‐hospital dystocia management
Authors: Roe Heather , Macpherson Margo , Denagamage Thomas , Hopper Scott , Woodie Brett , Embertson Rolf 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMare and foal survival are increased with prompt dystocia management. Data regarding mortality outcomes in mares and foals, when mares are recumbent at admission for dystocia resolution, are scarce.ObjectivesTo evaluate recumbency at hospital admission as a risk factor for survival of mares and foals following dystocia management. Subsequent mare fertility was also evaluated.Study designRetrospective cohort.MethodsData were obtained from medical records at Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital of mares with dystocia between 1995 and 2018. Mare signalment, ambulation status, survival data and foaling records were collected. The proportion of mare survival and mare fertility were analysed using chi‐squared tests. Foal survival was analysed using Fisher's exact test. Odds ratios were calculated using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsThere were 1038 ambulatory mares and 41 recumbent mares included in the analysis. Survival rates after dystocia resolution were 90.5% (977/1079) in mares and 37.3% (402/1079) in foals. Ambulatory mares had higher odds of survival (OR 6.93, 95% CI: 3.25–14.78,p < 0.001) than recumbent mares. Foals delivered from ambulatory mares had higher odds of survival (OR 22.7, 95% CI: 3.11–165.44,p = 0.002) compared with foals delivered from recumbent mares. Fertility was not statistically different for surviving Thoroughbred mares within 3 years following dystocia resolution between ambulatory and recumbent mares.Main limitationsRetrospective study design and small case number of recumbent mares.ConclusionsMare and foal survival was significantly decreased when mares with dystocia were recumbent at hospital admission. Subsequent fertility, as defined for this study, of surviving mares was not affected by ambulation status at the time of dystocia resolution.
Effect of partial NaCl replacement by KCl and calcium ascorbate on protein and lipid oxidation in bacon during storage
Authors: Ruan Jinggang , Wu Zhicheng , Kong Xiangyan , He Yuqi , Shu Lanqin , Huang Nanxi , Chen Jiaxin , Tang Jie , Zhang Dong , Li Hongjun 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThis study aimed to determine differences in protein and lipid oxidation between bacon with KCl and calcium ascorbate (alternative) and with NaCl (traditional) during a two‐month storage process. At the beginning of storage, the carbonyl content and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in alternative salt bacon were higher than those in traditional bacon, while the sulphhydryl content, fluorescence intensity and the α‐helix structure of alternative salt bacon protein were lower than those of traditional bacon. As the duration of storage progressed from 0 to 60 days, the degree of oxidation of proteins and fats in both groups of bacon increased, and the degree of oxidation of alternative salt bacon was stronger than that of traditional bacon. The results indicated that alternative salts can promote physicochemical changes in bacon to some extent. The changes in the protein and lipid oxidation of the two kinds of bacon during storage may led to the production of key volatile flavour substances and taste substances, which require further investigation.
The beeswax processing by‐product: a potential antibacterial ingredient for food and nutraceutical applications
Authors: Peron Gregorio , Carmo dos Santos Nádia Alessandra , Ferrarese Irene , Rizzo Filippo , Bernabè Giulia , Paccagnella Michela , Panozzo Marina , Francescato Stefano , Castagliuolo Ignazio , Dall'Acqua Stefano , Selva Maurizio , Perosa Alvise 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThe purification of raw beeswax by melting produces a semi‐solid beeswax by‐product (BBR) composed by honey, resins and other constituents that is usually considered as a waste. In this article, the chemical characterisation of BBR is reported, with the aim to valorise this by‐product following the principles of the circular economy. Carbohydrates, hydrocarbons and minerals were among the main constituents. Flavonoids and phenolic acids represent 1.5% of the BBR, and their qualitative profile resembles the propolis. To assess its potential usefulness, the BBR was tested against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria of clinical interest, and results were compared with the raw propolis. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella enterica were inhibited at concentrations ≥ 0.001 mg mL−1, while Enterococcus faecalis and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus from 0.01 mg mL−1. Only BBR was active on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Below the concentration of 1 mg mL−1, no significant toxicity on Caco2 cells was observed. These results indicate that the BBR presents a polyphenol composition similar to propolis and a significant antibacterial activity. Thus, on the basis of these results, we suggest that the BBR can represent a sustainable alternative to propolis as food preservative or nutraceutical.
Prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 vaccine effectiveness against outpatient illness during widespread circulation of SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant, US Flu VE network
Authors: Tartof Sara Y. , Xie Fagen , Yadav Ruchi , Wernli Karen J. , Martin Emily T. , Belongia Edward A. , Gaglani Manjusha , Zimmerman Richard K. , Talbot H. Keipp , Thornburg Natalie , Flannery Brendan ,   US Flu VE Network Investigators
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe estimated combined protection conferred by prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 vaccination against COVID‐19‐associated acute respiratory illness (ARI).MethodsDuring SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant circulation between October 2021 and April 2022, prospectively enrolled adult patients with outpatient ARI had respiratory and filter paper blood specimens collected for SARS‐CoV‐2 molecular testing and serology. Dried blood spots were tested for immunoglobulin‐G antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleocapsid (NP) and spike protein receptor binding domain antigen using a validated multiplex bead assay. Evidence of prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection also included documented or self‐reported laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19. We used documented COVID‐19 vaccination status to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) by multivariable logistic regression by prior infection status.ResultsFour hundred fifty‐five (29%) of 1577 participants tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection at enrollment; 209 (46%) case‐patients and 637 (57%) test‐negative patients were NP seropositive, had documented previous laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19, or self‐reported prior infection. Among previously uninfected patients, three‐dose VE was 97% (95% confidence interval [CI], 60%–99%) against Delta, but not statistically significant against Omicron. Among previously infected patients, three‐dose VE was 57% (CI, 20%–76%) against Omicron; VE against Delta could not be estimated.ConclusionsThree mRNA COVID‐19 vaccine doses provided additional protection against SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant‐associated illness among previously infected participants.