bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and dynamics of NAFLD-associated fibrosis in people living with HIV in Vienna from first presentation to last follow-up
Authors: Schwarz Caroline , Chromy David , Bauer David , Duong Nikki , Schmidbauer Victor Ulrich , Schwarz Michael , Mandorfer Mattias , Rieger Armin , Trauner Michael , Gschwantler Michael , Reiberger Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Summary
Background/aims
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is frequent in people living with HIV (PLWH) and may be aggravated by metabolic comorbidities and antiretroviral therapy (ART)-associated adverse effects.

Methods
We retrospectively assessed epidemiological, clinical and laboratory parameters and ART regimens at HIV diagnosis (BL) and at last follow-up (FU) in 1458 PLWH without viral hepatitis coinfection attending our HIV clinic in 2014–2016. Fibrosis was non-invasively assessed by the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS).

Results
The median age of subjects was 37.8 years, 77.4% were male and 67.2% on ART, median CD4+ count was 356.0 cells/µL. At BL, 503 (34.5%) and 20 (1.4%) PLWH had dyslipidemia and diabetes, respectively. According to the NFS 16 (1.3%) showed advanced fibrosis (NFS ≥ 0.676), among which 1 (6.3%) had diabetes, 7 (43.8%) had dyslipidemia, and 5 (31.3%) were on HIV-protease inhibitors (PI). In addition, 191(15.1%) had intermediate NFS results, while fibrosis was ruled out (NFS ≤ 1.455) in 1065 (83.7%) PLWH.
After a median follow-up of 6.3 years, 590 (42.8%) had dyslipidemia and 61 (4.4%) had diabetes. Also, 21 (1.6%) showed advanced fibrosis, of which 10 (47.6%) had diabetes, 4 (19.0%) had dyslipidemia, and 9 (42.9%) were on PI-based ART, 223 (17.4%) had intermediate NFS results, while 1039 (81.0%) showed no fibrosis.

Conclusion
During FU, advanced NAFLD fibrosis occurred in 1.3–1.6% of PLWH. Dyslipidemia, diabetes, and PI-based ART were associated with advanced NAFLD fibrosis. Prospective investigations of NAFLD severity and risk factors in PLWH are warranted.
A prospective study of shared decision-making in brain tumor surgery
Authors: Leu Severina , Cahill Julian , Grundy Paul L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Shared decision-making (SDM) is a key tenet of personalized care and is becoming an essential component of informed consent in an increasing number of countries. The aim of this study is to analyze patient and healthcare staff satisfaction with the SDM process before and after SDM was officially introduced as the standard of care. Decision grids are important tools in the SDM process, and we developed them for three different types of intracranial tumors.

Methods
This prospective study was conducted in a high-volume neuro-oncological center on all consecutive eligible patients undergoing consideration of treatment for intracranial glioma and metastases. Twenty-two patients participated before and 74 after the introduction of SDM. Six and 5 staff members respectively participated in the analysis before and after team training and the introduction of SDM. The main outcome was patient and healthcare staff satisfaction with the SDM process.

Results
Patients reported high satisfaction with the SDM process before (mean CollaboRATE score 26 of 27 points) and after (mean CollaboRATE score 26.3 of 27 points, p = 0.23) the introduction of SDM. Interestingly, staff attitude toward SDM improved significantly from 61.68 before to 90.95% after the introduction of SDM (p-value < 0.001). Decision grids that were developed for three different types of intracranial tumors are presented.

Conclusions
Team training in SDM and the introduction of techniques into daily practice can increase staff satisfaction with the SDM process. High levels of patient satisfaction were observed before, with a non-significant increase after the introduction of SDM. Decision grids are an important tool to facilitate the conveyance and understanding of complex information and to achieve SDM in daily clinical practice.
Khurayyimite Ca7Zn4(Si2O7)2(OH)10·4H2O: a mineral with unusual loop-branched sechser single chains
Authors: Krüger Biljana , Galuskina Irina O. , Galuskin Evgeny V. , Vapnik Yevgeny , Murashko Mikhail N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe new mineral khurayyimite Ca7Zn4(Si2O7)2(OH)10·4H2O occurs in colorless spherulitic aggregates in small cavities of altered spurrite marbles located in the northern part of the Siwaqa pyrometamorphic rock area, Central Jordan. It is a low-temperature, hydrothermal mineral and is formed at a temperature lower than 100 °C. Synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments have revealed that khurayyimite crystallizes in space group P21/c, with unit cell parameters a = 11.2171(8), b = 9.0897(5), c = 14.0451(10) Å, β = 113.297(8)º, V = 1315.28(17) Å3 and Z = 2. The crystal structure of khurayyimite exhibits tetrahedral chains of periodicity 6. The sequence of SiO4 and ZnO2(OH)2-tetrahedra along the chain is Si–Si-Zn. The neighboring SiO4-tetrahedra of the corrugated chains are bridged by additional ZnO2(OH)2-tetrahedra to form 3-connected dreier rings. The chains can be addressed as loop-branched sechser single chains {lB, 11∞}[6Zn4Si4O21]. The chains are linked by clusters of five CaO6 and two CaO7 polyhedra with additional OH groups and H2O molecules in the coordination environment. Based on the connectedness and one-dimensional polymerisations of tetrahedra (TO4)n−, chains of khurayyimite belong to the same group as vlasovite Na2ZrSi4O11, since they can be described with geometrical repeat unit cTr = 2T43T4 and topological repeat unit cVr = 2V23V2.
Simultaneous regulation of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 and glutathione peroxidase 4 as a new therapeutic strategy of ferroptosis for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Miyauchi Wataru , Shishido Yuji , Matsumi Yoshiaki , Matsunaga Tomoyuki , Makinoya Masahiro , Shimizu Shota , Miyatani Kozo , Sakamoto Teruhisa , Umekita Yoshihisa , Hasegawa Toshimichi , Fujiwara Yoshiyuki 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 and glutathione peroxidase 4 have been identified as key molecules in two independent pathways associated with ferroptosis inhibition. This study investigated the prognostic significance and clinical associations of FSP1 and GPX4 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and assessed the therapeutic potential of regulating these molecules in ESCC cells.

Methods
Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on surgical specimens of 97 patients with ESCC for FSP1 and GPX4 expression. To identify the change in ESCC cell viability, FSP1 and GPX4 inhibitors were administered to three cell lines. In addition, ferroptosis as the cause of reduced cell viability by FSP1 and GPX4 inhibition was confirmed.

Results
Prognosis was significantly worse for patients in the group positive for both FSP1 and GPX4 compared with the other groups (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, positivity for both FSP1 and GPX4 was an independent poor prognostic factor (p = 0.002). The combination of FSP1 and GPX4 inhibitors induced cell death more potently than each inhibitor did alone. Furthermore, the ferroptosis inhibitor markedly canceled this cell death.

Conclusions
Overexpression of FSP1 and GPX4 is a poor prognostic factor for patients with ESCC. Simultaneous suppression of both FSP1 and GPX4 caused potent cell death, which was markedly abrogated by ferroptosis inhibitors. These findings indicate that simultaneous regulation of FSP1 and GPX4 may be a new therapeutic target in ESCC.
Seasonal measurements of the nitrogenous osmolyte glycine betaine in marine temperate coastal waters
Authors: Airs Ruth L. , Beale Rachael , Polimene Luca , Chen Yin , Mausz Michaela A. , Scanlan David J. , Widdicombe Claire E. , Tarran Glen A. , Woodward E. Malcolm S. , Harris Carolyn , McEvoy Andrea 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlycine betaine (GBT) is a nitrogenous osmolyte ubiquitous throughout the marine environment. Despite its widespread occurrence and significance in microbial cycling, knowledge of the seasonality of this compound is lacking. Here, we present a seasonal dataset of GBT concentrations in marine suspended particulate material. Analysing coastal waters in the Western English Channel, GBT peaked in summer and autumn but did not follow the observed maxima in total phytoplankton biomass or chlorophyll a. Instead, we found evidence that GBT concentrations were associated with specific phytoplankton groups or species, particularly in the summer when GBT correlated with dinoflagellate biomass. In contrast, autumn maxima corresponded with a period of rapidly changing salinity and nutrient availability, with potential contributions from some phytoplankton species and Harpacticoid copepods. This suggests distinct environmental drivers for different periods of the GBT seasonality. Building on evidence that GBT and dinoflagellate biomass peak in summer, concomitantly with low nutrients, we propose that GBT positively affects dinoflagellate fitness, allowing them to outcompete other plankton when inorganic nutrients are depleted. By using this assumption, we improved the performance of a marine ecosystem model to reproduce the observed increase in dinoflagellates biomass in the transition from spring to summer. This work sheds light on the interplay between phytoplankton succession, competitive advantage and changing environmental factors relevant to climate change. It paves the way for future multidisciplinary research aiming to understand the importance of dinoflagellates in key coastal ecosystems and their potential significance for methylamine production, compounds relevant for particle growth in atmospheric chemistry.
A retrospective study in tumour characteristics and clinical outcomes of overweight and obese women with breast cancer
Authors: Luís Carla , Dias João , Firmino-Machado João , Fernandes Rute , Pereira Deolinda , Baylina Pilar , Fernandes Rúben , Soares Raquel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Obesity and breast cancer are two major pathologies closely associated with increasing incidence and mortality rates, especially amongst women. The association between both diseases have been thoroughly discussed but much is still to uncover.

Aim
The aim of this study is to analyse tumour characteristics and clinical outcomes of overweight and obese women to disclosure potential associations and better understand the impact of obesity in breast cancer.

Materials and methods
Clinicopathological information of 2246 women were extracted from the institutional database of comprehensive cancer centre in Portugal diagnosed between 2012 and 2016. Women were stratified according to body mass index as normal, overweight, and obese. Patients’ demographic information and tumour features (age, family history, topographic localization, laterality, histological type, and receptor status) were taken as independent variables and overall survival, tumour stage, differentiation grade and bilaterality were considered clinical outcomes.

Results
The main results reveal that overweight and obesity are predominantly associated with worse outcomes in breast cancer patients. Obese patients present larger (p-value: 0.002; OR 1.422; 95% CI 1.134–1.783) and more poorly differentiated tumours (p-value: 0.002; OR 1.480; 95% CI 1.154–1.898) and tend to have lower overall survival although without statistical significance (p-value: 0.117; OR 1.309; 95% CI 0.934–1.833). Overweighted women are more likely to have bilateral breast cancer (p-value: 0.017; OR 3.076; 95% CI 1.225–7.722) than obese women. The results also reveal that overweight women present less distant metastasis (p-value: 0.024; OR 0.525; 95%CI 0.299–0.920). Topographic localization and laterality did not achieve statistical significance.
The Invisible Racialized Minority Entrepreneur: Using White Solipsism to Explain the White Space
Authors: Garcia Rosanna , Baack Daniel W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFew studies in the business ethics literature explore marginalized populations, such as the racially minoritized entrepreneur. This absence is an ethical issue for the business academy as it limits the advancement of racial epistemologies. This study explores how this exclusionary space emerges within the academy by identifying white solipsistic behavior, an ‘othering’ of minoritized populations. Using a multi-method approach, we find the business literature homogenizes the racially minoritized business owner regardless of race/ethnic origin and categorizes them as lacking in comparison to White entrepreneurs. A critical discourse analysis of university entrepreneurship website language and images reveals that the racially minoritized are presented as the outgroup. The language used to describe entrepreneurs was found to be predominantly agentic, building a hegemonic categorization of White men dominating entrepreneurship. Troublingly, but consistent with the literature review, when racialized minorities were present in images, we found them to be marginalized. Employing an experimental design to mock-up four websites featuring student entrepreneurs differing by race and gender, we ask ‘what if we make these under-represented entrepreneurs visible?’ Results show that women, and specifically racially minoritized women, have a greater impact on the entrepreneurial interests of university students compared to men. Overall, the results provide empirical evidence for white solipsism in the business academy. We call for self-reflexivity to transparentize the ‘invisible’ racially minoritized entrepreneur and fill the ‘white space’ by changing the framing and context of business research to be more inclusive.
Electoral reform: the case for majority judgment
Authors: Laraki Rida 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe majority judgment (MJ) voting method works well in theory and in practice. Not only does MJ avoid the classical Condorcet and Arrow paradoxes, but it also overcomes the domination paradox, from which paired comparisons by majority rule, approval voting, and all Condorcet consistent methods suffer. This article also shows why MJ best reduces the impact of strategic manipulation and minimizes ties to the extreme. The article illustrates the resistance of MJ to manipulations in a real example, discusses other salient properties of MJ, and summarizes several recent applications that show MJ to be, despite its newness, the right basis of electoral reform.
A comparative analysis of different recommender systems for university major and career domain guidance
Authors: Lahoud Christine , Moussa Sherin , Obeid Charbel , Khoury Hicham El , Champin Pierre-Antoine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAcademic advising is inhibited at most of the high schools to help students identify appropriate academic pathways. The choice of a career domain is significantly influenced by the complexity of life and the volatility of the labor market. Thus, high school students feel confused during the shift period from high school to university, especially with the enormous amounts of data available on the Web. In this paper, an extensive comparative study is conducted to investigate five approaches of recommender systems for university study field and career domain guidance. A novel ontology is constructed to include all the needed information for this purpose. The developed approaches considered user-based and item-based collaborative filtering, demographic-based recommendation, knowledge base supported by case-based reasoning, ontology, as well as different hybridizations of them. A case study on Lebanese high school students is analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the implemented approaches. The experimental results indicate that the knowledge-based hybrid recommender system, combined with the user-based collaborative filtering and braced with case-based reasoning as well as ontology, generated 98% of similar cases, 95% of them are personalized based on the interests of the high school students. The average usefulness feedback and satisfaction level of the students concerning this proposed hybrid approach reached 95% and 92.5% respectively, which could be a solution to similar problems, regardless of the application domain. Besides, the constructed ontology could be reused in other systems in the educational domain.
How Low Can You Go? A Limbo Dance for Low-Latency Network Functions
Authors: Gallenmüller Sebastian , Wiedner Florian , Naab Johannes , Carle Georg 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThroughput is a commonly used performance indicator for networks. However, throughput may be considered insignificant if data is outdated or networks become unpredictable or unreliable. Critical services may even prioritize latency, predictability, and reliability at the expense of throughput to avoid detrimental effects on service operation. Latency, predictability, and reliability are distinct qualities realized in real-time systems. Real-time systems often require additional effort using non-standard interfaces, requiring customized software, or providing low throughput figures. This work picks up the challenge and investigates a single-server network function—a building block for end-to-end low-latency network applications. Assessing reliability and quantifying low latency is equally challenging, as sub-microsecond latency and $$1/10^{5}$$

1
/

10
5

loss probability leave little room for error. Both, our measurement and the investigated platforms, rely on Linux running on off-the-shelf components. Our paper provides a comprehensive study on the impact of various components on latency and reliability, such as the central processing unit (CPU), the Linux Kernel, the network card, virtualization features, and the networking application itself. We chose Suricata, an intrusion prevention system (IPS), representing a widely deployed, typical network application as our primary subject of investigation.
Mathematically productive relationships (MPRs): a potentially effective classroom management approach
Authors: Liu Jinqing , Francis Dionne Cross , Lloyd Kemol , Eker Ayfer 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPositive teacher–student relationships are considered essential for effective classroom management. Thus, focusing efforts to understand better and strengthen teacher–student relationships in order to improve student outcome metrics is prudent. This study examined seven elementary teachers’ descriptions and enactment of mathematically productive relationships (MPRs), a type of teacher-student relationship, and their influence on classroom management practices. Teachers’ descriptions of MPRs incorporated four themes: (a) creating safe, mistake-friendly environments, (b) developing trust and respect between the teacher and the students, (c) establishing and maintaining clear and high expectations, and (d) ensuring that classrooms remain safe spaces. However, these features did not always appear in the teachers’ classrooms. The enactment of MPRs varied across cases, with the participants’ classroom management priorities lying along a continuum from behavioural management to cognitive engagement. Implications of MPRs and the influence of different classroom management practices on students’ learning opportunities are discussed.
People underestimate their capability to motivate themselves without performance-based extrinsic incentives
Authors: Kuratomi Kei , Johnsen Laura , Kitagami Shinji , Hatano Aya , Murayama Kou 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResearch has shown that we are endowed with a remarkable capacity to motivate ourselves in the absence of extrinsic incentives (i.e. intrinsic motivation). However, little research has been conducted to investigate whether we accurately appreciate the power of intrinsic motivation. The current research aimed to examine the metacognitive accuracy of the extent to which people can motivate themselves without performance-based extrinsic incentives. Participants were presented with a relatively long and repetitive task without extrinsic incentives, and before doing the task, they were asked to predict their motivation on completion of the task. Across seven experiments using a variety of tasks with different populations from different countries, participants were consistently engaged in the task more actively than they predicted. When participants were provided with performance-based monetary rewards, however, this bias was diminished. These results indicate that we tend to underappreciate our capability to sustain our motivation without extrinsic incentives.
Hyperbolic summation for functions of the GCD and LCM of several integers
Authors: Heyman Randell , Tóth László 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLet $$k\ge 2$$

k
≥
2

be a fixed integer. We consider sums of type $$\sum _{n_1\cdots n_k\le x} F(n_1,\ldots ,n_k)$$

∑

n
1

⋯

n
k

≤
x

F

(

n
1

,
…
,

n
k

)

, taken over the hyperbolic region $$\{(n_1,\ldots ,n_k)\in {\mathbb {N}}^k: n_1\cdots n_k\le x\}$$

{

(

n
1

,
…
,

n
k

)

∈

N

k

:

n
1

⋯

n
k

≤
x
}

, where $$F:{\mathbb {N}}^k\rightarrow {\mathbb {C}}$$

F
:

N

k

→
C

is a given function. In particular, we deduce asymptotic formulas with remainder terms for the hyperbolic summations $$\sum _{n_1\cdots n_k\le x} f((n_1,\ldots ,n_k))$$

∑

n
1

⋯

n
k

≤
x

f

(

(

n
1

,
…
,

n
k

)

)

and $$\sum _{n_1\cdots n_k\le x} f([n_1,\ldots ,n_k])$$

∑

n
1

⋯

n
k

≤
x

f

(

[

n
1

,
…
,

n
k

]

)

, involving the GCD and LCM of the integers $$n_1,\ldots ,n_k$$

n
1

,
…
,

n
k

, where $$f:{\mathbb {N}}\rightarrow {\mathbb {C}}$$

f
:
N
→
C

belongs to certain classes of functions. Some of our results generalize those obtained by the authors (Heyman and Tóth in Results Math 76(1): 22, 2021) for $$k=2$$

k
=
2

.
A novel application of a bioactive material as a pit and fissure sealant: in vitro pilot study evaluating the sealing ability and penetration
Authors: Bishayi D. , Srinivasan A. , Mahabala K. Y. , Natarajan S. , Rao A. , Nayak A. P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the sealing ability and penetration of a bioactive material used as pit and fissure sealant to those of glass ionomer sealant.

Methods
This was an in vitro experimental study conducted on 20 permanent teeth. For Group I of ten teeth, ACTIVA BioACTIVE-Base/Liner was applied as a sealant on pits and fissures, and the remaining ten teeth of Group II were sealed using glass ionomer cement. After thermocycling, the apex of the teeth was sealed using composite resin and they were immersed in 1% methylene blue solution, buffered at pH 7 for 24 h. Longitudinal sections were obtained from each tooth for evaluating the sealing ability and penetration, using a binocular light microscope at 4 × magnification. The obtained data were subjected to analysis using the Chi-square test and independent t test.

Results
The comparison of the sealing ability and sealant penetration, between the two groups, showed statistically no significant difference (p = 0.104 and p = 1.0, respectively).

Conclusion
Bioactive material as a pit and fissure sealant, performed on par with glass ionomer sealant in terms of tested properties like sealing ability and penetration.