bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of multidisciplinary team and stepwise pelvic devascularization to minimize blood loss during total pelvic exenteration for patients refusing blood transfusion
Authors: Le Thanh Valentina , Bell Richard , Symons Nicholas , Soleymani Majd Hooman 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageRadical gynecology oncology surgeries are feasible in patients refusing blood transfusion, when performed with careful preoperative (with hemoglobin optimization and patients' counseling), intraoperative (with hemostasis and stepwise devascularization, hemodilution, and autologous cell salvage) and postoperative (considering iron infusion or erythropoietin) planning with a multidisciplinary team involvement.AbstractWe describe the case of a female Jehovah's Witness patient in her 60s undergoing pelvic exenteration, focusing on the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative measures that allowed an uncomplicated surgery without blood transfusion. Blood transfusions are common in the surgical management of gynecology oncology patients, up to 93% of patients undergoing pelvic exenteration may require blood products. However, increasingly more patients are cautious in receiving blood products, either for fear of potential risks or for religious believes. It is therefore vital to optimize the management of these patients in order to avoid blood transfusions. In this case, we summarize the management of a lady in her 60s who underwent laparotomy, pelvic exenteration, Bricker colicureterostomy, and end colostomy formation for recurrent endometrial carcinoma, despite previous total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy followed by brachytherapy, chemotherapy, and external beam radiotherapy for high‐grade serous carcinoma. Preoperatively, an advance decision to refuse blood products was discussed to ascertain all the options that were suitable. As her preoperative hemoglobin was acceptable (127 g/L), no further intervention was required. Intraoperatively, blood loss was effectively minimized with meticulous hemostasis, stepwise pelvic devascularization, intraoperative hemodilution, and cell salvage. Despite these interventions, total blood loss was 1030 mL and postoperative hemoglobin was 113 g/L. Postoperative measures therefore included intravenous iron infusion, minimization of phlebotomy, and optimization of cardiopulmonary status. Erythropoietin was also considered, but was not necessary as patient responded to the previous measures well and was successfully discharged after an uncomplicated recovery. Only few cases of total pelvic exenteration have been described in the literature for Jehovah's Witness patients. However, our case shows that laparotomy and pelvic exenteration is feasible in patients refusing blood products, if performed under a multidisciplinary team and with careful preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative planning, also in the setting of previous radical hysterectomy and co‐adjuvant therapy.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to mediastinal teratoma: A case report and review article
Authors: Ghazizadeh Maryam , Moini Mohammad , Ghazizadeh Matin 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MassageAutoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare disease that is divided into primary and secondary types. In patients with AIHA we should consider mediastinal tumors as a serious cause. If such teratoma was found surgical removal of it is in order.AbstractAutoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare disease that is divided into primary and secondary types. The secondary type usually appears as a complication to some diseases such as chronic inflammatory diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and malignancies. A 26 years‐old female with a chief complaint of weakness, fatigue, and exertional dyspnea is diagnosed with AIHA. Initially, medical steroid treatment appeared to be successful and the anemia improved, however, by weaning steroid dosage the disease relapsed. Eventually, surgical resection of the mediastinal teratoma lead to the hemolysis being treated successfully. In patients with AIHA we should consider mediastinal tumors as a serious cause. If such teratoma was found surgical removal of it is in order.
Design and Simulation of a Low‐Temperature Thermal Desalination System
Authors: Karmakar Arnab , Patra Abhishek Kumar , Saha Sankarsan , Jana Sumit Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe prototype of a low‐temperature thermal desalination system treating 2500 L day−1 of saline water was designed thermally and geometrically, to be integrated with a vacuum spray flash drum and spray nozzles, a plate heat exchanger‐type condenser, and a thermosyphon solar water heater to produce potable water for a small community. The design bases were the feed flow rate, the feed temperature from 45 to 65 °C, the salinity of 0.035 kg kg−1, and the vacuum drum pressure from 2 to 6 kPa absolute. The estimated yield of potable water based on the simulated droplet dynamics was in the range of 68.91–75.80 %. The plate heat exchanger and the thermosyphon solar water heater were designed for effective condensation and passive heating, respectively.
Efficient Contact between H2O and N‐Coordinate Ru Nanoparticles in Three‐Dimensionally Ordered Macro/Mesoporous Carbon Boosting Alkaline HER†
Authors: Luo Jiaqing , Liu Chunyu , Zhang Ruolin , Sun Yuanqing , Xu Hua , Hu Qingying , Zhang Manxue , Li Jun , Li Zhenxing , Song Weiyu , Wei Yuechang , Liu Jian 
Published: September 2023

Comprehensive SummaryIn this study, a novel approach is proposed to achieve the uniformly dispersed Ru nanoparticles with N coordination loaded on three‐dimensionally ordered macro/mesoporous carbon (3DOMMC) through simultaneous pyrolysis of Ru3+ and cyanamide on 3DOMMC. In an alkaline medium, the synthesized catalysts exhibit exceptional hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance. Specifically, Ru‐N/3DOMMC demonstrates a significantly low overpotential of 13.8 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA·cm–2, and it exhibits a mass activity 17.5 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C. The outstanding performance could be attributed to the ultrahigh Ru dispersion and more efficient contact between active sites and reactant, which derived from the large specific surface area and interconnective three‐dimensionally macro/mesopores of 3DOMMC.
Covalent Triazine Framework Nanosheets: Synthesis and Energy Conversion and Storage†
Authors: Liu Zhao , Wang Congxu , Yuan Wenjing , Xu Yuxi 
Published: September 2023

Comprehensive SummaryCovalent triazine framework nanosheets (CTF NSs), an emerging class of two‐dimensional nanomaterials, have received great attention due to their abundant active sites, permanent porosity, molecular structural diversity, superior chemical/thermal stability, and short charge diffusion path, enabling technological breakthroughs in a myriad of applications. The forefront developments and applications of CTF NSs as photocatalysts and electrochemical electrodes have conferred superior performance and made great impact in the field of energy and advanced catalysis. This forward‐looking review aims to summarize the research trends, synthesis, properties of CTF NSs and their CTF counterpart, and highlight their progress in applications with respect to energy storage and conversion devices. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives for CTF NSs are also presented.
Design, Synthesis of (±)‐Millpuline A, and Biological Evaluation for the Lung Cell Protective Effects through SRC
Authors: Zhang Heng , Guo Xiao , Zhou Di , Wen Jiatong , Tang Yingzhan , Wang Jian , Liu Yang , Chen Gang , Li Ning 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, a visible‐light‐induced intermolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition reaction based on flavonoids was constructed to address the problems of low yield, poor physicochemical properties, and lack of target definition in total synthesis of (±)‐millpuline A whose bioactivity remains unknown. As a result, 20 derivatives were synthesized for bioactivity evaluation. Consequently, lung cell protective effects of (±)‐millpuline A and compound B13 a were revealed for the first time and the crucial role of stereoconfiguration of the cyclobutane moiety in their protective effects against NNK in normal lung cells was demonstrated. Moreover, through target prediction and experimental verification in MLE‐12 cells, SRC was determined to be the target of (±)‐millpuline A regarding its protective effect in NNK‐induced lung cell injury. Results from RT‐Q‐PCR and HTRF experiments verified that (±)‐millpuline A could repress SRC activity through a transcriptional mechanism but not acting as an inhibitor to directly bind to and thereby inhibit SRC protein. The results in this paper are informative for the further development of visible light‐catalyzed cycloaddition of flavonoids and lay a scientific foundation for understanding the bioactivity and underlying mechanism of (±)‐millpuline A and other structurally similar natural skeletons.
Complex analytic dependence on the dielectric permittivity in ENZ materials: The photonic doping example
Authors: Kohn Robert V. , Venkatraman Raghavendra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMotivated by the physics literature on “photonic doping” of scatterers made from “epsilon‐near‐zero” (ENZ) materials, we consider how the scattering of time‐harmonic TM electromagnetic waves by a cylindrical ENZ region is affected by the presence of a “dopant” in which the dielectric permittivity is not near zero. Mathematically, this reduces to analysis of a 2D Helmholtz equation with a piecewise‐constant, complex valued coefficient a that is nearly infinite (say with ) in . We show (under suitable hypotheses) that the solution u depends analytically on δ near 0, and we give a simple PDE characterization of the terms in its Taylor expansion. For the application to photonic doping, it is the leading‐order corrections in δ that are most interesting: they explain why photonic doping is only mildly affected by the presence of losses, and why it is seen even at frequencies where the dielectric permittivity is merely small. Equally important: our results include a PDE characterization of the leading‐order electric field in the ENZ region as , whereas the existing literature on photonic doping provides only the leading‐order magnetic field.
Pelvic spine reduction affects diet but not gill raker morphology in two polymorphic brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) populations
Authors: Mee Jonathan A. , Yap Emily , Wuitchik Daniel M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPelvic spine polymorphism occurs in several species in the stickleback family (Gasterosteidae). Given the similar phenotypic polymorphisms in multiple stickleback species, we sought to determine the extent of parallelism in the ecological correlates of pelvic spine reduction. Based on a metabarcoding analysis of brook stickleback gut contents in two polymorphic populations, we found that significant diet differences were associated with pelvic spine reduction, but we found no clear or consistent trend supporting a tendency for benthic feeding in pelvic‐reduced brook sticklebacks. These results contrast with those found in threespine sticklebacks where pelvic spine reduction is often associated with a benthic diet. Hence, we found non‐parallel consequences of spine polymorphism across species. Furthermore, a difference in gill raker morphology has been frequently observed between ecomorphs with different diets in many fish species. However, we found no evidence of any difference in gill raker morphology associated with pelvic spine polymorphism in brook sticklebacks.
Seed dispersal effectiveness in fragmented and defaunated landscapes
Authors: Fedriani Jose M. , Wiegand Thorsten , Garrote Pedro J. , Leiva María J. , Ayllón Daniel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLandscape fragmentation and defaunation have major impacts on plant dispersal and dynamics. However, whether the impact of such perturbations on seed dispersal and recruitment change in sign and strength across habitats and spatial scales, and whether they amplify or buffer each other, remains largely unknown. To evaluate, for the first time, the joint impact of fragmentation and defaunation on seed dispersal effectiveness (SDE) across spatial scales (e.g., short‐ and long‐distance seed dispersal), we utilized the long‐term field data of a mammal‐dispersed tree (Pyrus bourgaeana) in a spatially explicit individual‐based model. By means of simulation experiments, we evaluated the effects of different levels of landscape fragmentation and defaunation on SDE and tree recruitment. Our simulation results revealed that the direction and magnitude of the fragmentation effect on SDE depended on its strength (mild, severe) and the spatial scale considered. Severe fragmentation decreased SDE for short‐ and intermediate‐distance seed dispersal. Interestingly, mild and severe fragmentation increased SDE of long‐distance seed dispersal, suggesting a positive effect of such perturbations (i.e., an increase in the proportion of successful long‐distance dispersal events). Though defaunation had a consistently negative effect on overall SDE, its magnitude was highly species‐ and spatial–scale‐dependent. The impact of defaunation on seed dispersal distance was also species‐specific: the proportion of long‐distance dispersal increased under total badger (Meles meles) defaunation but decreased under total fox (Vulpes vulpes) defaunation. A pervasive integration of seed dispersal distance into the SDE framework is essential to most comprehensively understand the scale‐dependent nature of human activity impacts on plant dynamics. In the long term, strong perturbations (landscape fragmentation and defaunation) could select either for or against long‐distance seed dispersal, altering in different ways the ability of plants to cope with climate change.
2‐(o‐Tolyl) Pyridine as Ligand Improves the Efficiency in Ketone Directed ortho‐Arylation
Authors: Narayanan Nanditha Kattukudiyil , Pittenauer Ernst , Schnürch Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHerein, we report a ruthenium‐catalyzed ketone directed ortho‐arylation wherein the addition of a bidentate NC‐type ligand, most effectively 2‐(o‐tolyl) pyridine, significantly enhances the C−H arylation reaction. Various aryl‐alkyl ketones, including cyclic, aliphatic, and heterocyclic ones, are competent substrates, and arylboronic acid esters were used as aryl sources. However, substitution with OMe and CF3 in the aromatic ring of the ketone substrates is not tolerated, while such residues on the benzoic ester are possible. Notably, this study provides valuable insights into ketone‐directed ortho arylation in the presence of 2‐(o‐tolyl) pyridine and adds additional options for catalyst and ligand optimization in ruthenium‐catalyzed C−H functionalization.
An integrated approach ofIoTandWSNusing wavelet transform and machine learning for the solid waste image classification in smart cities
Authors: Belsare Karan , Singh Manwinder , Gandam Anudeep , Malik Praveen Kumar , Agarwal Ritu , Gehlot Anita 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSolid waste management is one of the utmost vital issues allied with the smart city, which harms our society's health and the environment. Solid waste management has been a significant hurdle in developing smart cities, impacting the community's living standards. Sustainability is the circumstances that help to achieve natural and social development simultaneously in a prolific accord. We can allege that sustainable growth brings out stability in the necessities of the environment. It helps to preserve resources available for the coming generations. Waste management is also a concern for many authorities; researchers have started focusing on this area. This research article presents a unique method for waste management by employing internet of things for waste monitoring, a wireless sensor network for data communication and discrete wavelet transforms, image processing, and machine learning for image categorization. Implementing machine learning for image categorization has gained attention in the research area of artificial intelligence. The paper presents a way to classify waste images into different Classes such as domestic waste, e‐waste, and medical waste. The input image is down‐sampled, and channels are split to extract the color moments for minimal processing time. We have created a convolution neural network (CNN) trained using pre‐processed data for feature extraction and classification. We have used K‐nearest neighbor classifier (KNN) as another classifier to compare the results obtained by the proposed methodology. The findings demonstrate that, compared to the KNN, the suggested model shortens the processing time and achieves a high accuracy rate. The paper presents a novel approach for Solid waste classification by using pre‐processed image data for image processing and CNN for waste image classification, for the sake of proving the efficiency of the proposed method we have compared the results with the KNN classifier and found that the accuracy of classification is better in proposed method than the KNN classifier.
Effect of nutrition education intervention to improve dietary diversity practice and nutritional status of the older people: A cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shuremu Muluneh , Abate Kalkidan Hassen , Belachew Tefera 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe growing aging population raises nutrition and health concerns, with malnutrition in the elderly linked to negative health outcomes. Our objective was to implement theory‐based nutritional education interventions to improve the nutritional status of the elderly through diversified dietary practices. A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted from December 1, 2021, to May 30, 2021, among 782 older persons randomly selected from two urban and 12 semi‐urban areas in southwest Ethiopia. We used Social cognitive theory (SCT) in guiding the nutritional education intervention. Data were collected using an interviewer‐administered questionnaire. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool was used to assess nutritional status, and a qualitative 24‐h eating recall was used to evaluate dietary diversity. Difference‐in‐difference and generalized estimating equation models were used to assess the intervention effect. In total, 720 participants (361 in the intervention group and 359 in the control group) were included for analysis. The mean dietary diversity score differed significantly between the intervention group and the control group (p < .001). According to the multivariable generalized estimating equations model, the intervention group was 7.7 times (AOR = 7.746, 95% CI: 5.012, 11.973) more likely to consume a diverse diet than the control group. The nutrition status of the elderly in the intervention group improved significantly at the end of the intervention (p < .001). SCT‐based nutritional education interventions can effectively improve healthy eating and nutritional status. For older adults, with its convenient approach and low cost, SCT should be considered an effective and efficient nutritional education approach for behavior change.
Implementation of health and wellbeing policies and programs for students: Views of Australian universities
Authors: Hutchesson Melinda , Whatnall Megan , Hunt Sally , Ashton Lee M. , Young Myles D. , Patterson Amanda , Duncan Mitch , Burrows Tracy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedUniversities are a crucial setting to address and promote optimal mental health of young Australians. However, there is a lack of knowledge of universities' views of current implementation of health and wellbeing initiatives. Therefore, we examined the views of Australian universities on the implementation of health and wellbeing policies and programs within Australian universities.MethodsAn online survey of Australian universities asked respondents to rate their level of agreement with five statements pertaining to the implementation of health and wellbeing policies and programs for students within Australian universities using a 5‐point Likert scale (strongly agree to strongly disagree).ResultsEleven universities completed the survey (28.2% response rate). All respondents (n = 11) agreed that universities play a crucial role in supporting the health and wellbeing of their students and report access to sufficient expertise to do this. Approximately three‐quarters (8/11) agreed that universities know what policies and programs to implement to support their students' health and wellbeing. There was less agreement that universities have sufficient resources (2/11 agree) or access to sufficient information about the health and wellbeing of their student population (3/11 agree) to support the implementation of health and wellbeing policies and programs.ConclusionsAustralian universities demonstrated strong organisational commitment to supporting the health and wellbeing of their students but highlighted some key barriers to implementation.So What?Findings from this preliminary research highlight potential barriers and facilitators to the implementation of health and wellbeing policies and programs in Australian universities, and potential foci for future research.
Alternative measures for the global financial cycle: Do they make a difference?
Authors: Tian Xin , Jacobs Jan P. A. M. , de Haan Jakob 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe developed several measures to analyze the global financial cycle employing dynamic factor models and data for 25 advanced and emerging countries spanning 1980 to 2019. These measures were assessed using the similarity and synchronicity metrics proposed by Mink et al. (Oxford Economic Papers 64, 217–236, 2012). The findings indicate a strong similarity and synchronization of global cycles in asset prices and capital flows, particularly evident during crisis episodes. Furthermore, we observe significant co‐movement between our financial cycle measures and two literature‐based measures that utilize top‐down and bottom‐up approaches. However, the VIX index shows a lower level of co‐movement with our global financial cycle measures.
Behavioural implications of risk–return associations based on the adjusted thermal optimal path method: Large versus small banks
Authors: Trichilli Yousra , Kharrat Hana , Boujelbène Mouna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the impact of bank size and business model on bank risk‐taking within the framework of the prospect theory. To fulfil this objective, we use the adjusted thermal optimal path model. The results suggest that conventional banks adopt the same risk‐taking behaviour for performance measures, regardless of their size. However, the size mainly influences the attitudes of managers towards Islamic banks. On the other hand, small Islamic banks, whether under‐ or over‐performing, take excessive risks. This behaviour is mainly explained by loss aversion. However, large Islamic banks that situated above the target are risk‐averse, since they adopt defensive behaviour. The results reveal that for risk measures and for both small and large banks, a bank's business model does not affect managers' attitude to risk. Therefore, small (large) banks adopt excessive risk‐taking (risk‐averse) behaviour and an offensive (defensive) strategy. The study has important implications for GCC banking regulators, supervisors, and market participants. Thus, our findings imply that understanding the impact of the bank size and business model on the risk‐taking behaviour of Islamic and conventional banks can help them reduce their risk and mitigate moral hazard and regulatory arbitrage behaviour.