bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to Research Faced by High‐Income Versus Low‐ and Middle‐Income Country Otolaryngologists and Otolaryngology Residents
Authors: Zalaquett Nader G. , Mir Mohamad Al , Jalkh Rita Maria , Nuss Sarah , Pandey Akansha , Patterson Rolvix H. , Hosri Jad , Barazi Randa Al 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to compare research productivity and barriers to research between high‐income countries (HICs) and low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) otolaryngologists.Study DesignCross‐sectional survey.SettingInternational survey.MethodsA survey developed by members of the Lebanese Otolaryngology Research and Awareness Group was disseminated globally to otolaryngologists and otolaryngology residents. The survey assessed research efficiency, funding, and perceived barriers. Data were analyzed using t tests and χ2 tests.ResultsA total of 82 responses from 21 countries were recorded, with 33 from HICs (40.2%) and 49 from LMICs (59.8%). LMIC respondents reported significantly less research funding (84.4% vs 60.6%, P = .013) and fewer publications (24.4% vs 3.1%, P = .001) compared to HIC respondents. LMICs faced unique individual barriers like elderly care responsibilities (17.8% vs 0%, P = .035). Organizational challenges in LMICs included limited access to information sources (35.7% vs 15.6%, P = .017) and financial resources (85.7% vs 40.6%, P < .001). Institutional challenges such as lack of funding (83.3% vs 34.4%, P < .001) and protected research time (71.4% vs 56.3%, P = .047) were more prominent in LMICs. Governmental barriers were also greater in LMICs, including demotivating government policies (59.0% vs 9.4%, P < .001). Additionally, covering article processing charges was a significant challenge for 76.2% of LMIC respondents compared to 31.3% in HICs (P = .001).ConclusionOtolaryngologists in LMICs encounter substantial barriers to research productivity compared to those in HICs, primarily due to funding gaps, lack of institutional support, and unfavorable governmental policies. Addressing these disparities is essential for fostering equitable global research contributions.
Riemannian Shape Optimization of Thin Shells Using Isogeometric Analysis
Authors: Rosandi Rozan , Simeon Bernd 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this contribution, we consider the optimal shape design of thin elastic shell structures based on a linearized shell model of Koiter's type, whose shape can be described by a surface immersed in three‐dimensional Euclidean space. We regard the set of unparametrized immersions of the surface as an infinite‐dimensional Riemannian shape space and perform optimization in this setting using the Riemannian shape gradient. Nonuniform rational basis splines (NURBS) are employed to discretize the shell and numerically solve the underlying equations that govern its mechanical behavior via isogeometric analysis. By representing NURBS patches as B‐spline patches in real projective space, NURBS weights can also be incorporated into the optimization routine. We discuss the practical implementation of the method and demonstrate our approach on the compliance minimization of a half‐cylindrical shell under static load and fixed area constraint.
Achieving Language Justice in Pediatric Hematology‐Oncology: A Multinational Perspective for Language‐Concordant Equitable Patient‐ and Family‐Centered Care and Research Inclusion
Authors: Ruiz Jenny , Robles Joanna M. , Sánchez Luisanna M. , Khan Alisa , Lu Amy D. , Marjerrison Stacey , Morales La Madrid Andres , Aristizabal Paula 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLanguage‐discordant healthcare encounters—when the patient/caregiver and clinician are not able to communicate directly in the patient's/caregiver's preferred language—are associated with worse quality of care, increased adverse events, and research exclusion. Here, we describe the current state of language justice in clinical practice and research in the United States, Canada, and Spain, discuss the role of social determinants of health and language in patient safety and health outcomes, and review an example of culturally and linguistically concordant interventions to increase research participation. We close with practical and global strategies to increase multilingual research participation and to provide equitable patient‐ and family‐centered care in pediatric hematology‐oncology.
Design magneto‐dielectric elastomer composites for flexible electric/magnetic field response multi‐mode sensors
Authors: Zhang Luodan , Wang Yue , Ren Jiakai , Liu Xiayu , Abdallaha Duaa , Wang Hongyu , Song Xiaoli , Sun Hui , Zhang Lifeng , Liu Junliang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWith the increasing complexity of flexible sensor application scenarios, in order to achieve their use in electric and magnetic fields, this paper introduces a core‐shell structure with Ni‐doped cobalt ferrites as the magnetic core and barium titanate as the dielectric layer, filling it into a polymer matrix to prepare flexible magneto‐dielectric elastomer composites. Taking advantages of this design, the targets including the establishment of multi‐functionalization and the retention of fine mechanical properties have been simultaneously achieved. The synthesized elastomer composites exhibit fine flexibility and excellent magneto‐electric response. An optimum magnetic‐induced deformation angle achieves to 55° under an external magnetic field of 8000 Oe, and a maximum electric‐induced deformation approaches to about 8.29% under an applied electric field of 5 kV/mm. Besides that, with Ni‐doping, the magnetization behaviors of composite fillings could be tuned, resulting a controllable magnetic field response of the synthesized magneto‐dielectric rubber composites. This work provides a novel way to design multi‐functionalized flexible composites, which is significant for exploring multi‐mode flexible sensors.Highlights
Magneto‐dielectric elastomers were prepared with using core‐shell filling.
The elastomer composites exhibit fine magnetic and electric field response.
The composites maintained good flexible mechanical properties.
Effect of video‐based trauma‐informed care training for psychiatric nurses: A nonrandomized controlled trial
Authors: Kotake Risa , Otsu Emiko , Asaoka Hiroki , Sawada Utako , Miyamoto Yuki , Nishi Daisuke 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimTo examine the effect of short‐time video‐based trauma‐informed care (TIC) training in improving attitudes related to TIC and mental health among psychiatric nurses.MethodsA nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a 60‐min TIC training video. The primary outcome measure was the Attitudes Related to Trauma‐Informed Care Scale 35 (ARTIC‐35). The secondary outcome measures were the TIC Provider Survey, Kessler 6 (K6) scale, the Japanese Burnout Scale, and the Japanese Psychological Safety Scale.ResultsThe main analysis included 100 psychiatric nurses (58 in the intervention group and 42 in the control group). The intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis showed that the increase in scores on ARTIC‐35 was not statistically significant due to calculating the sample size based on an overestimated effect, but the effect size (ES) was moderate (ES = 0.39) at the 4–6‐week follow‐up. Although there were no significant differences in the TIC Provider Survey, K6, or Japanese Burnout Scale, a significant effect of the intervention was observed in the Japanese Psychological Safety Scale. A per‐protocol analysis, which compared the 30 intervention group participants who had watched all four videos to the control group, showed that the ES (= 0.48) was larger for the ARTIC‐35 than for the ITT.ConclusionThe intervention led to moderate improvement in attitudes related to TIC, psychological safety, and burnout.
Masking in Active Comparator Designs in Pharmacovigilance: A Retrospective Bias Analysis on the Spontaneous Reporting of Thiazolidinediones and Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Bai William , Douros Antonios , Gravel Christopher A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionMasking is a reporting bias where drug safety signals are muffled by elevated reporting of other medications in spontaneous reporting databases. While the impact of masking is often limited, its effect when using restricted designs, such as active comparators, can be consequential.MethodsWe used data from the US Food and Drugs Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (1999Q3‐2013Q3) to study masking in a real‐world example. Rosiglitazone, a thiazolidinedione with elevated reporting after safety concerns over cardiovascular risks, was the masking candidate. We hypothesized that stimulated reporting masked signals for another thiazolidinedione, pioglitazone. We computed estimates of proportional reporting ratios and information components, using the Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, for pioglitazone‐myocardial infarction and pioglitazone‐cardiac failure under unrestricted and active comparator designs, with and without the mask, before (1999Q3‐2007Q1) and after (2007Q2‐2013Q3) safety concerns. Relative change‐in‐estimates were computed to compare results with and without rosiglitazone.ResultsFrom 1999Q3‐2007Q1, relative change‐in‐estimates of proportional reporting ratio for pioglitazone‐myocardial infarction was 0.00 in unrestricted design and 0.10 in active comparator, and for pioglitazone‐cardiac failure, the change was 0.01 and 0.62, respectively. From 2007Q2‐2013Q3, relative change‐in‐estimates for pioglitazone‐myocardial infarction was 0.41 in unrestricted design and 18.00 in active comparator; the change for pioglitazone‐cardiac failure was 0.04 and 1.03, respectively. Relative changes in estimates of information component mirrored these trends.ConclusionsMasking can influence signal detection in active comparator designs where external events impact reporting rates in reference sets. Evaluating masking in related contexts is essential for drug safety monitoring and resource allocation for follow‐up studies.
High‐Throughput Evaluation of Natural Diversity of F‐Type ATP Synthase Rotor Ring Stoichiometries
Authors: Osipov Stepan D. , Zinovev Egor V. , Anuchina Arina A. , Kuzmin Alexander S. , Minaeva Andronika V. , Ryzhykau Yury L. , Vlasov Alexey V. , Gushchin Ivan Yu. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAdenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthases are large enzymes present in every living cell. They consist of a transmembrane and a soluble domain, each comprising multiple subunits. The transmembrane part contains an oligomeric rotor ring (c‐ring), whose stoichiometry defines the ratio between the number of synthesized ATP molecules and the number of ions transported through the membrane. Currently, c‐rings of F‐Type ATP synthases consisting of 8–17 (except 16) subunits have been experimentally demonstrated, but it is not known whether other stoichiometries are present in natural organisms. Here, we present an easy‐to‐use high‐throughput computational approach based on AlphaFold that allows us to estimate the stoichiometry of all homo‐oligomeric c‐rings, whose sequences are present in genomic databases. We validate the approach on the available experimental data, obtaining the correlation as high as 0.94 for the reference dataset and use it to predict the existence of c‐rings with stoichiometry varying at least from 8 to 27. We then conduct molecular dynamics simulations of two c‐rings with stoichiometry above 17 to corroborate the machine learning‐based predictions. Our work strongly suggests existence of rotor rings with previously undescribed high stoichiometry in natural organisms and highlights the utility of AlphaFold‐based approaches for studying homo‐oligomeric proteins.
G462S substitution of AaCYP51 confers moderate resistance to tebuconazole in Alternaria alternata
Authors: Feng Ji , Cai Liu‐Ti , Li Tao , Wang Han‐Cheng , Zhang Chuan‐Qing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDTobacco brown spot (TBS) caused by Alternaria alternata is one of the most common diseases of tobacco in China, resulting in large loss in yield and quality. Demethylation inhibitors (DMIs) such as tebuconazole are commonly used pesticides to control TBS. However, their control effect has shown a downward trend in recent years. In this study, the occurrence and molecular mechanism of resistance to tebuconazole in Alternaria alternata were analyzed.RESULTSThe resistance of 63 strains of Alternaria alternata to tebuconazole was investigated with the concentration of 5 and 20 μg/mL as the identification standard, and the resistance frequency was as high as 93.65%. It was found that the target mutation from G to S at the 462nd amino acid position of CYP51 was the cause of moderate resistance to tebuconazole in A. alternata. Molecular docking analysis further confirmed that the G462S mutation of AaCYP51 decreased the binding affinity of tebuconazole to CYP51. The artificial AaCYP51‐G462S transformants based on wild‐sensitive GZA‐24 showed resistance to tebuconazole and cross‐resistance to metconazole and prothioconazole. In the present investigation, the virulence of the CYP51‐G462S mutant was reduced, while mycelial growth, sporulation, and conidial germination did not change in comparison with the progenitor strain GZA‐24. In addition, the mutants containing the G462S mutation in AaCYP51 exhibited decreased sensitivity to high osmotic stress stimulated by 1 M NaCl, and the capacity to respond to cell wall‐ and cytomembrane‐damaging agents did not change in the mutants.CONCLUSIONThe G462S substitution of CYP51 is the main factor for the moderate resistance to tebuconazole in A. alternata and mechanisms other than CYP51‐target mutation might be involved in tebuconazole lowly resistant isolates. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Renovating Recycled Fibres Using High‐Shear Homogenization for Sustainable Packaging and Other Bioproducts
Authors: Debnath Mrittika , Salem Khandoker Samaher , Musten Evan , Lucian Lucia , Hubbe Martin A. , Pal Lokendra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe production of paper and paperboard has become increasingly dependent on the recycled fibres, which primarily include old corrugated containers (OCC). However, OCC pulp fibres often exhibit inferior papermaking properties, such as poor mechanical strength and suboptimal physico‐chemical characteristics due to changes in fibre length, swelling and flexibility of fibre, surface area, and the presence of contaminants. This study introduces an alternative approach to modifying OCC pulp fibres through mild mechanical treatment to enhance overall fibre properties, including strength, without affecting dewatering. In this study, OCC pulp was treated using a pilot‐scale high‐shear homogenizer, and the obtained fibre properties such as fibre length, fines content, and fibrillation, were compared with the fibres treated with double‐disc refiner (DDR), as well as a combination of DDR and homogenizer in tandem. Handsheets were prepared from untreated, homogenized, refined and refined + homogenized pulp fibres to measure strength, bulk and other properties. The results showed that homogenization improved strength properties and freeness compared to other samples. Overall, homogenization provided enhanced bulk, tensile strength and short‐span compressive strength without reducing the drainage (freeness) of the OCC pulp.
Factors affecting the sustainability of open educational resource initiatives in higher education: A systematic review
Authors: Aksoy Dilara Arzugül , Kurşun Engin , Zawacki‐Richter Olaf 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis systematic review aims to examine the factors that impact the sustainability of open educational resources (OER) initiatives. A total of 226 articles from the Web of Science, ERIC and SCOPUS databases were subjected to content analysis to identify factors that influence the sustainability of OER initiatives based on the 3M (macro, meso and micro) framework. Our findings reveal that OER sustainability is influenced by different factors in different contexts, such as platform, content creator, learner, learning material and institutional setting. Within the institutional context, institutional policies categorised as a macro and meso factor, were identified as the most frequently mentioned factor affecting OER sustainability. The factors of providing institutional support and incentives were identified as meso factors. For faculty and learners, meso and micro factors such as attitude, motivation, awareness of OER, time, ICT needs and digital literacy were frequently mentioned. Access emerged as a prominent meso factor within the OER platforms dimension. Quality was identified as a critical macro and meso factor for the sustainability of OER. After the quality factor, material‐related factors such as licensing, interactivity and free access emerged. Finally, an OER sustainability framework is proposed along with recommendations for researchers, practitioners and administrators to promote sustainable OER practices.
Safety Assessment of Graphene‐Based Materials
Authors: Fadeel Bengt , Baker James , Ballerini Laura , Bussy Cyrill , Candotto Carniel Fabio , Tretiach Mauro , Pelin Marco , Buerki‐Thurnherr Tina , Kanerva Tomi , Navas José Maria , Vázquez Ester , Rodriguez Unamuno Virginia , Lehtonen Panja , González Mar , Rauscher Hubert , Riego Sintes Juan , Kostarelos Kostas , Bianco Alberto , Prato Maurizio 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGraphene is the first 2D atomic crystal, and its isolation heralded a new era in materials science with the emergence of several other atomically thin materials displaying multifunctional properties. The safety assessment of new materials is often something of an afterthought, but in the case of graphene, the initial isolation and characterization of the material was soon followed by the assessment of its potential impact on living systems. The Graphene Flagship project addressed the health and environmental aspects of graphene and other 2D materials, providing an instructive lesson in interdisciplinarity – from materials science to biology. Here, the outcomes of the toxicological and ecotoxicological studies performed on graphene and its derivatives, and the key lessons learned from this decade‐long journey, are highlighted.
Active Locating Exciton‐ and Charge‐Initialized Degradation in Quantum‐Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Li Guangru , Zhao Shiqi , Gao Yang , Zhao Xiaofei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFor quantum‐dot light‐emitting diodes (QLED), electrical aging commonly introduces collective aging sources across all layers, making it difficult to isolate the impact of each layer on electroluminescence (EL) degradation. In this work, a layer‐selective aging method using active photoexcitation is proposed, in which the photoexcitation wavelength is used to selectively target specific layers for exciton generation, and an electrical bias is applied to induce photocurrent and create charges. An iterative aging‐sampling (A‐S) procedure is used to link aging conditions to EL degradation. It is found that photo‐aging leads to strong but reversible quenching of EL intensity, which is interpreted as being caused by electrical field screening due to trapped charges in the quantum dot (QD) layer and requires electrical activation before the sampling (S) step. Repeated A‐S cycles in a model red QLED system show that excitations in the QD layer result in negligible EL degradation. In contrast, aging of the hole‐transport (HT) layer enables an acceleration of aging rate by 3 orders of magnitude compared to standard aging and is interpreted as a result of photo‐charge accumulation in the HT layer, particularly related to electrons and low electron mobility.
Target Discovery Driven by Chemical Biology and Computational Biology
Authors: Lyu Bohai , Gou Wenfeng , Xu Feifei , Chen Leyuan , Wang Zhiyun , Ren Zhonghao , Liu Gaiting , Li Yiliang , Hou Wenbin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTarget identification is crucial for drug screening and development because it can reveal the mechanism of drug action and ensure the reliability and accuracy of the results. Chemical biology, an interdisciplinary field combining chemistry and biology, can assist in this process by studying the interactions between active molecular compounds and proteins and their physiological effects. It can also help predict potential drug targets or candidates, develop new biomarker assays and diagnostic reagents, and evaluate the selectivity and range of active compounds to reduce the risk of off‐target effects. Chemical biology can achieve these goals using techniques such as changing protein thermal stability, enzyme sensitivity, and molecular structure and applying probes, isotope labeling and mass spectrometry. Concurrently, computational biology employs a diverse array of computational models to predict drug targets. This approach also offers innovative avenues for repurposing existing drugs. In this paper, we review the reported chemical biology and computational biology techniques for identifying different types of targets that can provide valuable insights for drug target discovery.
Management of two dogs with post‐operative new‐onset persistent atrial fibrillation following mitral valve repair
Authors: Kurogochi Kentaro , Nishiyama Masako , Masaki Hiroyasu , Asakawa Midori Goto , Uechi Masami 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPost‐operative new‐onset atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a possible complication following cardiac surgery. Digoxin is a drug with positive inotropic and negative chronotropic effects and is listed among antiarrhythmic drugs that can be prescribed in dogs with atrial fibrillation. This report aims at describing the use of digoxin in two dogs with persistent POAF after mitral valve repair.Case 1 was a Toy Poodle, neutered male, 12 years old, weighing 5.0 kg. The patient was diagnosed with the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) Stage D myxomatous mitral valve disease without arrhythmia. The day of the surgery was defined as Day 1. Persistent POAF was diagnosed on Day 30 (1‐min mean heart rate of 206 bpm by in‐clinic electrocardiogram), and treatment with digoxin was started at a dose of 0.0040 mg/kg, p12h. The resolution of atrial fibrillation (AF) was confirmed at the follow‐up visit on Day 58 (1‐min mean heart rate of 162 bpm by in‐clinic electrocardiogram). Case 2 was a mixed‐breed dog, neutered male, 12 years old, weighing 7.6 kg. The patient was diagnosed with ACVIM Stage B2 myxomatous mitral valve disease without arrhythmia. After surgery, the patient had a normal sinus rhythm, but a paroxysmal ectopic atrial rhythm was observed on Day 32. Persistent POAF was diagnosed on Day 130 (1‐min mean heart rate of 216 bpm by in‐clinic electrocardiogram), and treatment with digoxin was started at a dose of 0.0037 mg/kg, p12h. The resolution of AF was confirmed on Day 151 (1‐min mean heart rate of 107 bpm by in‐clinic electrocardiogram).In this report, the authors suspected that digoxin therapy could have contributed, among other factors, to cardioversion. However, specifically designed studies are needed to confirm this preliminary hypothesis.