bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of decision aids for genetic counselling among people considering genetic testing: A systematic review
Authors: Chair Sek Ying , Law Bernard M. H. , Zang Yuli , Waye Mary M. Y. , Cheng Ho Yu , Chow Ka Ming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the effectiveness of decision aids for genetic counsellees to improve their conflicts in decision‐making and psychological well‐being when considering genetic tests for inherited genetic diseases, and their knowledge about these tests and their genetic risks.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesSix electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, OVID Nursing, APA PsycINFO, EMBASE and CINAHL) were searched from inception to May 2022.Review methodsOnly randomised controlled trials that examined the effect of decision aids for information provision centring genetic testing on outcomes including decisional conflicts, informed choice making, knowledge on genetic risks or genetic tests, and psychological outcomes among participants who had undergone genetic counselling were included. Their risk of bias was assessed using the Version 2 of the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised trials. Results were presented narratively. The review was conducted according to the PRISMA checklist.ResultsEight included studies examined the effect of booklet‐based, computer‐based, film‐based or web‐based decision aids on individuals considering genetic testing for their increased cancer risks. Despite contrasting findings across studies, they showed that decision aids enable genetic counsellees to feel more informed in decision‐making on genetic tests, although most showed no effect on decisional conflict. Knowledge of genetic counsellees on genetic risks and genetic tests were increased after the use of decision aids. Most studies showed no significant effect on any psychological outcomes assessed.ConclusionsReview findings corroborate the use of decision aids to enhance the effective delivery of genetic counselling, enabling genetic counsellees to gain more knowledge of genetic tests and feel more informed in making decisions to have these tests.Relevance to clinical practiceDecision aids can be used to support nurse‐led genetic counselling for better knowledge acquisition and decision‐making among counsellees.No patient or public contributionPatient or public contribution is not applicable as this is a systematic review.
Comparison of oncological outcomes between sentinel lymph node biopsy and complete lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer
Authors: Makroum Amany Abdelwadoud , Lee Yong Jae , Lee Jung‐Yun , Nam Eun Ji , Kim Sunghoon , Kim Sang Wun , Kim Young Tae 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimSentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping allows node‐negative patients to be spared from the surgical comorbidities associated with total lymphadenectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the oncological outcomes of SLN biopsy versus complete lymph node dissection in patients with early‐stage endometrial carcinoma.MethodsRetrospective analyses were performed in patients with pathologically confirmed endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, who underwent minimally invasive surgical staging with SLN biopsy or complete lymph node dissection at Yonsei Cancer Center between 2015 and 2019.ResultsA total of 301 patients were included in this study. Eighty‐two patients underwent SLN biopsy, while 219 underwent complete lymph node dissection. There were no significant differences in patient characteristics between the two groups. In terms of operative characteristics, the SLN biopsy‐only group had a significantly shorter surgical duration (p < 0.001) than the lymphadenectomy group. The mean follow‐up period was 41.4 months. There were no differences in progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between the two groups (SLN biopsy vs. complete lymph node dissection; p = 0.798 and 0.301, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that SLN biopsy was not an independent prognostic factor for PFS or OS.ConclusionOur results showed that SLN biopsy provided oncological outcomes similar to those of lymphadenectomy.
Deaths and COVID‐19: Talk, silence and alternative realities
Authors: Sim Joe , Tombs Steve 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article critically considers the UK Government's insidious attempts to control the narrative around COVID‐19 deaths through using the interrelated strategies of “talk and ‘silence’ in order to socially construct a definitive ‘truth’” around the virus. The article traces how these strategies worked in practice and the shift which took place from numerous press briefings and Parliamentary debates to an ominous silence around the number of deaths, in particular. At the same time, as the article illustrates, the government's truth has not prevailed. Their twin strategy has been contested and resisted by grassroots organizations and radical lawyers who have demanded that Ministers should take responsibility for the tens of thousands of preventable deaths which have occurred. Rather than government talk and silence prevailing, it is the voices of the haunted relatives of the dead, demanding accountability, which are creating an alternative narrative.
Liver support systems and liver transplantation in acute liver failure
Authors: Larsen Fin S. , Saliba Faouzi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcute liver failure (ALF) results in a multitude of complications that result in multi‐organ failure. This review focuses on the pathophysiological processes and how to manage with these with artificial liver support and liver transplantation (LT). The pathophysiological sequence of events behind clinical deterioration in ALF comes down to two profound consequences of the failing liver. The first is the development of hyperammonemia, as the liver can no longer synthesize urea. The result is that the splanchnic system instead of removing ammonia becomes an ammonia‐producing organ system that causes hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and cerebral oedema. The second complication is caused by the necrotic liver cells that release large molecules that originate from degrading proteins, that is damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) which causes inflammatory activation of intrahepatic macrophages and an overflow of DAMPs molecules into the systemic circulation resulting in a clinical picture that resembles septic shock. In this context the combined use of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and plasma exchange are rational and simple ways to remove ammonia and DAMPS molecules. This combination improve survival for ALF patients deemed not appropriate for LT, despite poor prognostic criteria, but also ensure a better stability of vital organs while awaiting LT. The combination of CRRT with albumin dialysis tends to have a similar effect. Currently, the selection criteria for LT for non‐paracetamol cases appear robust while the criteria for paracetamol‐intoxicated patients have become more unreliable and now consist of more dynamic prognostic systems. For patients that need LT for survival, a tremendous improvement in the post‐LT results has been achieved during the last decade with a survival that now reach merely 90% which is mirroring the results seen after LT for chronic liver disease.
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation for gastrointestinal motility disorders
Authors: Song Gengqing , Trujillo Sophie , Fu Yuhan , Shibi Fahmi , Chen Jiande , Fass Ronnie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground/PurposeGastrointestinal (GI) dysmotility is categorized by muscle or nerve dysfunctions in any portion of the GI tract, which leads to abnormalities in GI motor and sensory function. Symptoms may vary depending on the organ affected and can be debilitating. Treatment usually involves diet and lifestyle changes. Pharmacotherapy is limited in effectiveness with various side effects. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES), a noninvasive, needleless technique that provides electrical stimulation using cutaneous non‐needle electrodes, has become increasingly popular. It has been shown to be beneficial in treating GI motility disorders.MethodsThis review paper navigates through the different TES techniques, including transcutaneous peripheral nerve (vagal/sacral/tibial nerves) electrical stimulation, transcutaneous electrical acustimulation (stimulation via acupuncture point), transcutaneous interferential current therapy, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.Key ResultsAs we delve deeper, we explore the promising effects of TES on dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, gastroparesis, postoperative ileus, constipation, and irritable bowel syndrome. The literature at hand speaks volumes about the therapeutic prowess of this noninvasive technique.Conclusion & InferencesThe time is ripe to evaluate further the full therapeutic potential of TES, a noninvasive, nonpharmaceutical, nonsurgical, and home‐based self‐administrative technique in managing GI motility disorders.
When work and family collide: ‘Resource Caravans’ of personal and contextual resources in remote work
Authors: Carlson Dawn S. , Perry Sara J. , Kacmar Micki , Wan Min (Maggie) , Thompson Merideth J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearch on remote work remains without consensus as to its benefits, with continued questions about which factors may enable it to be more beneficial to employees working remotely. Applying Conservation of Resources theory, we explore the impact of ‘resource caravans’ on ‘work–family balance’ and subsequent ‘well‐being’ in a sample of 446 remote workers. Our findings contribute to ongoing sociological debates by showing exactly how flexibility and control play a role in the remote workplace. Specifically, our model revealed that ‘sense of control’ over home was most beneficial for ‘work–family balance’ among experienced remote workers who had high levels of ‘schedule flexibility’, whereas ‘work–family balance’ benefited from lower levels of ‘schedule flexibility’ among new remote workers. Resources from the home domain were most critical for ‘work–family balance’, which mediated the effects of the ‘resource caravan’ from the home domain on overall employee ‘well‐being’.
A narrative review of the role of Eph receptors in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Al‐Jamaei Aisha A. H. , Subramanyam Ramadugula V. , Helder Marco N. , Forouzanfar Tymour , van der Meij Erik H. , Al‐Jamei Sayida , de Visscher Jan G. A. M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTyrosine kinase receptors (TKR) coordinate a variety of pathological processes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and eventually play a role in patient outcomes. In this review, the role of Eph receptors in HNSCC progression and the possibility of targeting these receptors are illustrated. All relevant studies were identified through a comprehensive search of four electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, web of science, and Embase till August 2022. EphA2 and EphB4, along with ephrin‐B2, were the most extensively studied proteins in this family. However, overexpression of EphB4 and its ligand ephrin‐B2 were the only proteins that consistently showed association with a poor outcome, indicating that these proteins might serve as valuable prognostic markers in HNSCC. High expression of EphA3 and EphB4 was found to play a crucial role in radioresistance of HNSCC. EphB4 loss, in particular, was observed to induce an immunosuppression phenotypic HNSCC. Currently, ongoing clinical trials are investigating the benefits of EphB4‐ephrin‐B2 blockade in combination with standard of care treatment in HNSCC. Further efforts are needed to explore the biological role and behavioral complexity of this family of TKR in HNSCC with great attention to avoid heterogeneity of HNSCC subsites.
Luxury brand licensing: Competition and reference group effects
Authors: Arifoğlu Kenan , Tang Christopher S. 
Published: June 2023

Theoretical research in marketing has traditionally focused on centralized brand‐extension strategies where a brand expands its product offerings by controlling the design, production, marketing, and sales of new products “in‐house.” However, luxury brands frequently use “brand licensing” as a decentralized brand‐extension strategy under which a brand licenses its brand name to an “external licensee” that designs, produces, and sells the new product. Licensing is a time‐efficient and cost‐effective brand‐extension strategy for luxury brands to reach out to their aspirational, low‐end consumers (“followers”) who value a brand more when more high‐end consumers (“snobs”) purchase the brand's primary product (i.e., “positive popularity effect”). On the other hand, over‐licensing might dilute the brand for snobs who value brand exclusivity (i.e., “negative popularity effect”). We develop a game‐theoretic model to study luxury brand licensing in a decentralized setting by incorporating these two countervailing forces. First, in the monopoly setting (a benchmark), we find that the monopoly brand should license only when the negative popularity effect is not too high, and it should prefer “royalty licensing” over “fixed‐fee licensing” when the negative popularity effect is intermediate. Second, to explicate our analysis, we study the duopoly setting under fixed‐fee contracts. In contrast to the monopoly setting, we find that fixed‐fee licensing can “soften” price competition between brands so that licensing is “always” profitable for both brands under competition. Interestingly, in equilibrium under fixed‐fee contracts, competing brands face a prisoner's dilemma and both brands prefer not to license in some cases, even though both would be better off if they could commit to fixed‐fee licensing. Finally, we expand our analysis of the duopoly model by incorporating royalty licensing in addition to fixed‐fee licensing. We find that, in contrast to fixed‐fee licensing, royalty licensing can “intensify” price competition so that both brands have to lower their prices. Consequently, when the positive popularity effect is sufficiently strong, fixed‐fee licensing “dominates” royalty licensing. We also show that, under competition, luxury brands should adopt royalty licensing contracts only when the follower market is large and positive and negative popularity effects are small enough.
Globalizing information networks, social media, and participation
Authors: Kuznetsova Daria , Tolbert Caroline J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study is one of the first to systematically evaluate the relationship between the Internet and social media use and participation in politics cross‐nationally, in democracies and non‐democracies. Most existing research on this topic analyzes one country or region. We contend that access to globalizing information networks—which exist within digital media space and where discussions of political norms and values are frequent—promotes higher rates of political participation.MethodsUsing multivariate analysis and individual‐level data from the seventh wave of the World Values Survey with representative samples from 45 countries, we employ jackknifed samples to investigate the association between self‐reported frequent Internet and social media use, our proxy for the exposure to globalizing information networks, and political participation.ResultsResults show that more frequent social media use is associated with higher political participation, all else equal. This relationship is significant in democracies and non‐democracies, suggesting that information networks increase political participation even in countries with Internet shutdowns, censorship, and limited rights and freedoms.ConclusionsDespite censorship, propaganda, and misinformation, the Internet and social media may help foster political participation across international borders.
Differential plant cell responses to
Acidovorax citrulli
T3SS and T6SS reveal an effective strategy for controlling plant-associated pathogens
Authors: Kan Yumin , Zhang Yanjie , Lin Wenhui , Dong Tao 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Acidovorax citrulli
is a gram-negative plant pathogen that employs the type Ⅲ secretion system (T3SS) to infect cucurbit crops and cause bacterial fruit blotch. This bacterium also possesses an active type Ⅵ secretion system (T6SS) with strong antibacterial and antifungal activities. However, how plant cells respond to these two secretion systems and whether there is any cross talk between T3SS and T6SS during infection remain unknown. Here, we employ transcriptomic analysis to compare cellular responses to the T3SS and the T6SS during
in planta
infection and report distinctive effects on multiple pathways. The T3SS-mediated differentially expressed genes were enriched in the pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant-pathogen interaction, MAPK signaling pathway, and glutathione metabolism, while the T6SS uniquely affected genes were related to photosynthesis. The T6SS does not contribute to the
in planta
virulence of
A. citrulli
but is critical for the survival of the bacterium when mixed with watermelon phyllosphere bacteria. In addition, T3SS-mediated virulence is independent of the T6SS, and the inactivation of the T3SS does not affect the T6SS-mediated competition against a diverse set of bacterial pathogens that commonly contaminate edible plants or directly infect plants. A T6SS-active T3SS-null mutant (Ac
av
) could inhibit the growth of
Xanthomonas oryzae
pv.
oryzae
significantly both
in vitro
and
in vivo
and also reduce symptoms of rice bacterial blight. In conclusion, our data demonstrate the T6SS in
A. citrulli
is nonpathogenic to the plant host and can be harnessed as a pathogen killer against plant-associated bacteria.

IMPORTANCE

Chemical pesticides are widely used to protect crops from various pathogens. Still, their extensive use has led to severe consequences, including drug resistance and environmental contamination. Here, we show that an engineered T6SS-active, but avirulent mutant of
Acidovorax citrulli
has strong inhibition capabilities against several pathogenic bacteria, demonstrating an effective strategy that is an alternative to chemical pesticides for sustainable agricultural practices.
Supplemental Material: Early Ordovician seamounts preserved in the Canadian Cordillera: Implications for the rift history of western Laurentia
Authors: Cobbett Rose N. , al. et 
Published: June 2023

<p>Detailed analytical methods for whole-rock trace-element and isotope geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology, including quality assurance and quality control calculations for geochemical data. Additional geochemistry diagrams, cathodoluminescence images of zircon crystals, and LA-ICP-MS data table are also included. </p>
Solutions of the Ortvay Rudolf International Competition in Physics: Mass of a Force Carrier Particle (2014/24 Problem)
Authors: Ákos Gombkötő , László Sándor 
Published: June 2023

This paper is the fourth in a series of published solutions discussing problems of the Ortvay Rudolf international competition. The problem treated below is an exercise in special relativity, applied to classical description of particle-exchange during scattering. As it is known, introducing rapidity can radically simplify the calculations in special relativity, as well as offer a simple geometric intuition. However, students often prefer doing calculations directly through formulas involving velocities, resulting in lengthy calculations, often increasing the chance of errors. It is our belief that giving the students simple, but not trivial problems before demonstrating the short and elegant solution presented below can help students to appreciate and understand the geometrical formulation of special relativity. Our calculation does not use mathematical techniques beyond those expected of high-school students, and the first half of this work may be used in special high-school classes.
Francis Bacon on Self-Care, Divination, and the Nature–Fortune Distinction
Authors: Manzo Silvia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In presenting self-preservation as the most general law of nature, set at the summit of the structure of the natural world, Francis Bacon characterized the universal appetite for self-preservation as an innate instinct which, in the case of living beings, is primarily associated with the emotion of fear. Bacon’s philosophy offers several techniques of self-care to manage the fear of accidents of fortune from which the existence and well-being of the self is under constant threat. This article reconstructs Bacon’s treatment of divinatory arts and their contributions to self-care. We will explore how he adopts traditional divinatory arts and reforms them: oneirocritics, physiognomy, and astrology. We will contend that Bacon’s approach to divinatory arts as techniques for self-care and the management of fortune shows some salient points shared with his natural philosophy: in both cases, the approach is hermeneutical, with the goal of exerting human power. With regard both to nature and to fortune, however, our power to modify the state of things extends only so far. The range of decisions we can make is not unlimited but encompasses only what is “in our power,” that is, what depends on us.
MhCLC-c1, a Cl channel c homolog from Malus hupehensis, alleviates NaCl-induced cell death by inhibiting intracellular Cl– accumulation
Authors: Song Jianfei , Han Mengyuan , Zhu Xiaoyue , Li Huan , Ning Yuansheng , Zhang Weiwei , Yang Hongqiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Overaccumulation of chloride (Cl) when plants suffer NaCl causes cell damage and death, and is regulated by Cl– channel protein (CLC). Apple roots are very sensitive to Cl–, but information associated with CLC is limited in apple crop that widely cultivated in the world.

Results
We identified 9 CLCs from the apple genome and divided them into two subclasses. Among them, MdCLC-c1 promoter contained the largest number of cis-acting elements associated with NaCl stress, and only the MdCLC-c1, MdCLC-d, and MdCLC-g were predicted that may be Cl– antiporters or channels. Expression analysis of MdCLCs homologs in the roots of Malus hupehensis showed that most of the MhCLCs expression were response to NaCl stress, especially MhCLC-c1 expression was upregulated continuously and rapidly expressed during NaCl treatment. Therefore, we isolated MhCLC-c1 and observed it was a plasma membrane-localized protein. The MhCLC-c1 suppression significantly increased sensitivity, reactive oxygen species content, and cell death of apple calli; while MhCLC-c1 overexpression decreased sensitivity, reactive oxygen species content, and cell death of apple calli and Arabidopsis by inhibiting intracellular Cl– accumulation under NaCl stress.

Conclusions
The study selected and isolated a CLC-c gene MhCLC-c1 from Malus hupehensis based on identification of CLCs gene family in apple, and their homologs MhCLCs expression patterns during NaCl treatments, revealing that MhCLC-c1 alleviates NaCl-induced cell death by inhibiting intracellular Cl– accumulation. Our findings confer the comprehensive and in-depth upstanding of the mechanism that plants resist salt stress, and might also confer genetic improvement of salt tolerance in horticultural crops and the development and utilization of saline–alkali land.