bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The miR‐29 family members induce glioblastoma cell apoptosis by targeting cell division cycle 42 in a p53‐dependent manner
Authors: Shi Cuijuan , Luo Wenjun , Sun Cuiyun , Yu Lin , Zhou Xuexia , Hua Dan , Jiang Zhendong , Wang Qian , Yu Shizhu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundEmerging evidence has shown that miR‐29 is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for malignancies. The roles of miR‐29a/b/c in glioma pathogenesis remain need further investigation.MethodsThe expression levels of miR‐29a/b/c and CDC42 were systematically analysed, and prognostic significance was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox regression analyses. The roles of miR‐29a/b/c in apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms were explored via an alkaline single‐cell gel electrophoresis assay, caspase 3/7 activity assays and Western blotting.ResultsmiR‐29a/b/c expression decreased progressively with the elevation of the WHO grade in our 147 human glioma specimens, compared with 20 non‐tumour control brain tissues, and decreased miR‐29a/b/c expression was associated with more aggressive phenotypes. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses demonstrated that lower miR‐29a/b/c expression was correlated with worse prognosis, which was confirmed by analysis of 198 glioma patients from the CGGA cohort. These all indicate that miR‐29a/b/c were independent predictors of prognosis in glioma patients. miR‐29a/b/c induced apoptosis in GBM cells by silencing CDC42. Further detailed mechanistic investigation revealed that miR‐29a/b/c promoted apoptosis in a p53‐dependent manner by suppressing the CDC42/PAK/AKT/MDM2 pathway.ConclusionsmiR‐29a/b/c are independent predictors of prognosis in glioma patients. They induce glioblastoma cell apoptosis via silencing of CDC42 and suppression of downstream PAK/AKT/MDM2 signalling in a p53‐dependent manner.
Bridging Gender Divides: Toward a Transcendentalist Feminism
Authors: Saito Naoko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHow can we build a path from the binary of gender to the unity of common humanity? What kind of difference can the “different voice” of feminism make as a human voice? In this article, Naoko Saito argues that the way we talk about the difference of a “different voice” needs to be radically transformed. To envision a route to such a transformation, she explores an alternative possibility of feminism in the American transcendentalism of Margaret Fuller and Ralph Waldo Emerson. First, Saito critically examines the politics of recognition and suggests a susceptibility to binary thinking in its approach. Second, as a way of transcending the binary mode of thinking, Saito introduces the humanist feminism of the nineteenth‐century American transcendentalist Margaret Fuller. Third, as a way of elucidating the radicality of Fuller's transcendentalist feminism, Saito introduces the feminine voice of two male philosophers — Ralph Waldo Emerson and Stanley Cavell — as her conversational partners. By radically converting the way we talk about difference of voice, the transcendentalist feminism of Fuller, Emerson, and Cavell provides a third way that lies beyond the politics of recognition and care ethics. In conclusion, Saito proposes that the cultivation of the feminine subject requires an alternative political education that resists assimilation into political realism. This would realize our common humanity and, in its crossing of divides between men and women, would create democracy from within.
Bridging the Conversational Chasm: White Antiracist Confrontations in Personal Spaces
Authors: Vanderbilt Sandra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this essay Sandra Vanderbilt explores philosophies of peace and protest through a dialectical reading of the works of Martin Luther King Jr., Daisaku Ikeda, and Paulo Freire, and considers these philosophies in relation to her own activism, specifically in the context of dealing with White postracial myths and more overt acts of racism. This essay outlines what she learned from her dialectical reading across several works by King, Ikeda, and Freire, and how these philosophies of peace and protest informed the ways in which she has been able to initiate and sustain conversations across the chasm that separates her antiracist positioning from the stance of friends and family members who deny and enact racism and White supremacy. The three theorists Vanderbilt focuses on here all point to ongoing engagement among individuals as necessary to sustaining the collective. Drawing on their work, Vanderbilt suggests that we have to begin with a critical understanding of Whiteness in our efforts to engage someone, in radically loving acts, in confrontation with their own words and behavior. Opportunities for this sort of confrontation have the potential to bridge the conversational chasm and to open discussions wherein one can practice the virtue of justice, and importantly racial justice.
The role of host plant usage and the accumulation of toxic secondary chemical compounds across the life cycle of a passion vine specialist butterfly
Authors: Morrison Colin R. , Nguyen Chloe , Gilbert Lawrence E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Host plant specialisation by herbivorous insects is ubiquitous, especially among the Lepidoptera. Many taxa have the ability to accumulate toxic compounds from their host plants that serve as chemical defences against natural enemies. Despite common knowledge of this pattern among insect ecologists, we still have much to learn about how dietary variation affects an insect's ability to acquire toxic plant chemicals.
Longwing butterfly larvae (Heliconius) accumulate toxic cyanogenic glucosides from their host plants, passion vines (Passiflora), that make them toxic to most predators.
Here, we present on zebra longwing (H. charithonia) caterpillar cohorts that were reared on native P. affinis, P. biflora, P. lutea, or P. suberosa to determine how host usage affected cyanide accumulation over larval developmental stages, and ultimately the toxicity of adult butterflies. Samples were collected at third, fourth and fifth instars, and teneral adults. Cyanogenic glucosides were extracted, the cyanide molecules were captured as sodium cyanide (CN), and CN content was quantified colorimetrically.
The quantity of CN acquired increased linearly over larval ontogeny and was variable among host plants. CN concentration increased over larval development for two hosts but declined on the third. There was no clear relationship between host plant and adult CN concentrations, but adults that consumed certain hosts as larvae ended up accumulating significantly more CN, and thus expressed higher CN concentrations, than others.
We demonstrated that some host plants provide specialist insects with more toxins than others and that larval secondary chemical accumulation may predict which life stages are more vulnerable to natural enemies. These conclusions support the hypothesis that host choice affects the survival of specialist insect herbivores.
Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms influence on clinical profile and bone mineral density at different skeletal sites in postmenopausal osteoporotic women
Authors: de Azevêdo Silva Jaqueline , de Lima Camilla Albertina Dantas , Guaraná Werbson Lima , Barbosa Alexandre Domingues , Fragoso Thiago Sotero , Duarte Ângela Luzia Branco Pinto , Crovella Sergio , Sandrin‐Garcia Paula 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBone remodeling is marked by bone synthesis and absorption balance, and any altered dynamic in this process leads to osteoporosis (OP). The interaction of hormonal, environmental and genetic factors regulate bone metabolism. Since vitamin D displays a classic role in bone metabolism regulation, acting through vitamin D receptor (VDR), the genetic variants within VDR were the first ones associated with bone density and remodelling. Therefore, we investigated whether three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within VDR were associated with OP differential susceptibility and clinical profile from postmenopausal versus healthy women from Northeast Brazil. Genetic association study enrolling 146 postmenopausal osteoporotic women as the patient group and 95 healthy age‐matched women as the control group. We assessed three SNPs within VDR (rs11168268, rs1540339 and rs3890733), considering the clinical profile of all patients. Our results showed an association of rs11168268 G/G genotype with higher bone mineral density (BMD) mean for the total hip (A/A = 0.828 ± 0.09; A/G = 0.081 ± 0.13; G/G = 0.876 ± 0.12, p = .039), and the rs3890733 T/T genotype was associated with increased OP risk in patients below 60 years old (odds ratio [OR] = 5.12, 95% confidence interval [CI ]= 1.13–23.27, p = .012). The rs1540339 T/T genotype was associated with protection for individuals with low melanin deposition when compared to the high melanin deposition group (OR = 0.24, 95%CI = 0.06–0.94, p = .029). Additionally, 61% of patients presented deficient vitamin D serum levels. The SNP rs11168268 G/G was associated with a significantly increased mean total hip BMD in patients OP, highlighting this SNP and its relationship with BMD.
Luseogliflozin and caloric intake restriction increase superoxide dismutase 2 expression, promote antioxidative effects, and attenuate aortic endothelial dysfunction in diet‐induced obese mice
Authors: Kawade Shigeru , Ogiso Kazuma , Shayo Sigfrid Casmir , Obo Takahiko , Arimura Aiko , Hashiguchi Hiroshi , Deguchi Takahisa , Nishio Yoshihiko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe mechanisms underlying the effect of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on aortic endothelial dysfunction in diet‐induced obesity are not clearly understood. This study investigated whether SGLT2 inhibition by luseogliflozin improved free fatty acid (FFA)‐induced endothelial dysfunction in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obese mice.Materials and MethodsMice were fed a control diet or high‐fat diet for 8 weeks, and then each diet with or without luseogliflozin was provided for an additional 8 weeks under free or paired feeding. Afterward, the thoracic aortas were removed and utilized for the experiments.ResultsLuseogliflozin treatment decreased body weight, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and total cholesterol in HFD‐fed mice only under paired feeding but not under free feeding. Endothelial‐dependent vasodilation under FFA exposure conditions was significantly lower in HFD‐fed mice than in control diet‐fed mice, and luseogliflozin treatment ameliorated FFA‐induced endothelial dysfunction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by FFA was significantly increased in HFD‐induced obese mice. Luseogliflozin treatment increased the expression of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), an antioxidative molecule, and reduced FFA‐induced ROS production in the thoracic aorta. Superoxide dismutase reversed FFA‐induced endothelial dysfunction in HFD‐fed mice.ConclusionsIt was shown that caloric restriction is important for the effect of luseogliflozin on metabolic parameters and endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, SGLT2 inhibition by luseogliflozin possibly ameliorates FFA‐induced endothelial dysfunction by increasing SOD2 expression and decreasing reactive oxygen species production in the thoracic aorta.
Exploring the determinants of food choice in Chinese immigrants living in Australia and Chinese people living in mainland China: A qualitative study
Authors: Wang‐Chen Yixi , Kellow Nicole J. , Choi Tammie S. T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to qualitatively explore the food choice determinants of both Chinese immigrants living in Australia and Chinese people living in mainland China.MethodsEight Chinese Australian participants (female, n = 5; male, n = 3) and ten mainland Chinese participants (female, n = 5; male, n = 5) were recruited from Australia (primarily in Melbourne, Victoria) and China (predominantly in Zhengzhou, Henan province) between June 2021 and March 2022. Participants were diverse in age, socio‐economic background, occupation and health status. Semi‐structured in‐depth interviews were conducted in Mandarin either face‐to‐face or using online video/voice calls. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. Investigator triangulation was used to enhance scientific rigour.ResultsFour themes were identified: (1) food choice determinants were shaped by traditional and modern nutrition perceptions and personal food philosophy; (2) physiological responses to food provide direct feedback that impacts future food choices; (3) consideration of convenience was a predominant influencer of food choice; and (4) the differences in food environments between China and Australia promoted distinctive food choice determinants for Chinese people.ConclusionsChinese Australian and mainland Chinese participants' food choices are shaped by traditional Chinese nutrition philosophy, modern Western nutrition science and the contemporary food environment. There are clear cultural characteristics in their food choice determinants that should be considered by health educators, nutrition professionals and nutrition policymakers when developing culturally appropriate health interventions for Chinese people.
Guanidinoacetate (GAA) is a potent GABAA receptor GABA mimetic: Implications for neurological disease pathology
Authors: Meera Pratap , Uusi‐Oukari Mikko , Wallner Martin , Lipshutz Gerald S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractImpairment of excretion and enzymatic processing of nitrogen, for example, because of liver or kidney failure, or with urea cycle and creatine synthesis enzyme defects, surprisingly leads to primarily neurologic symptoms, yet the exact mechanisms remain largely mysterious. In guanidinoacetate N‐methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency, the guanidino compound guanidinoacetate (GAA) increases dramatically, including in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and has been implicated in mediating the neurological symptoms in GAMT‐deficient patients. GAA is synthesized by arginine–glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT), a promiscuous enzyme that not only transfers the amidino group from arginine to glycine, but also to primary amines in, for example, GABA and taurine to generate γ‐guanidinobutyric acid (γ‐GBA) and guanidinoethanesulfonic acid (GES), respectively. We show that GAA, γ‐GBA, and GES share structural similarities with GABA, evoke GABAA receptor (GABAAR) mediated currents (whereas creatine [methylated GAA] and arginine failed to evoke discernible currents) in cerebellar granule cells in mouse brain slices and displace the high‐affinity GABA‐site radioligand [3H]muscimol in total brain homogenate GABAARs. While γ‐GBA and GES are GABA agonists and displace [3H]muscimol (EC50/IC50 between 10 and 40 μM), GAA stands out as particularly potent in both activating GABAARs (EC50 ~6 μM) and also displacing the GABAAR ligand [3H]muscimol (IC50 ~3 μM) at pathophysiologically relevant concentrations. These findings stress the role of substantially elevated GAA as a primary neurotoxic agent in GAMT deficiency and we discuss the potential role of GAA in arginase (and creatine transporter) deficiency which show a much more modest increase in GAA concentrations yet share the unique hyperexcitability neuropathology with GAMT deficiency. We conclude that orthosteric activation of GABAARs by GAA, and potentially other GABAAR mimetic guanidino compounds (GCs) like γ‐GBA and GES, interferes with normal inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmission which could mediate, and contribute to, neurotoxicity.image
Social Dynamics and the Lost Tradition of a Third Front Enterprise in Post‐Maoist China: The Anding Computer Factory and the Everyday Lives of Employees
Authors: Peng Tao , Shen Jianxun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDuring significant social transformations, the government and society are closely interconnected with each other, mediated by the family. A special group of the state‐owned enterprises in China prepared for national security and infrastructure constructions. The Third Front (TF), such as the Anding Computer Factory, were typical small societies that confronted the decline of the work unit system and the socioeconomic transformation from a planned economy to a socialist market system. This study attempts to understand the lives of employee residents in the Anding factory community by applying long‐term participant observation and in‐depth interviews. Overall, both the Anding community and its employees can be considered to have experienced three historical stages—the productive youth, the confused midlife, and the unsettled twilight years. The material culture, organization, and spirit were all profoundly impacted in each of the three periods. After realizing the unstoppable deindustrializing trend and the rising social disparity brought along by the free market, employees gradually transferred their considerations from the factory society to the future of their families as a cultural adaptaion. Driven by the priority rule of profits, the employees' lives are full of contradictions and are poorly suited to the economically competitive society. This study opens a novel dialog between ethnography, industrial relations, labor history, elderly affairs, and social dynamics.
The effects of biophysical and anthropogenic factors on the recent upper forest‐cover upward shift in the Romanian Carpathians
Authors: Kucsicsa Gheorghe , Bălteanu Dan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo estimate the effects of environmental and human drivers on upper forest‐cover upward shift over the period 1945–2018.LocationRomanian Carpathians.MethodsUsing historical topographic maps and high‐resolution Sentinel‐2A satellite images, we delineated the location of the upper forest‐cover limit in 1945 and 2018 to obtain a binary raster with the “forest gains” and “no‐forest gains” for 1945–2018. The maps were overlapped over 12 independent variables to estimate how they affected the recent upper forest‐cover upward shift, and to predict its probability of expansion in the near future. To achieve this, logistic regression models were applied and then integrated into the GIS spatial analysis.ResultsForest gains of almost 35,000 ha have been detected at the upper forest limit in the study sites, leading to an average upward movement of 30 m (0.5 m per year), mainly at the altitudinal bands between 1,400 and 1,800 m a.s.l. (72%); only 9.7% of the gain was detected above the estimated potential climatic limit. The process was significantly inversely related to elevation (−17.3 ≤ β ≤ −5.7,p < 0.01), slope aspect (−1.5 ≤ β ≤ −0.4,p < 0.01), sheepfold numbers (−18.1 ≤ β ≤ −0.7,p < 0.01), and sheep (−18.3 ≤ β ≤ −0.6,p < 0.01) and cattle (−16.4 ≤ β ≤ −0.8,p < 0.01) populations. Strong direct effects were found for the slope angle (1.3 ≤ β ≤ 10.6,p < 0.01) and distance to sheepfolds (0.5 ≤ β ≤ 12.8,p < 0.01). A low contribution was indicated for the trend in mean air temperature (−1.1 ≤ β ≤ 4.3,p < 0.01), growing season length (−2.1 ≤ β ≤ 5.1,p < 0.01) and protective measures (−1.1 ≤ β ≤ 2.4,p < 0.01, for national parks; −1.8 ≤ β ≤ 1.2,p < 0.01, for natural parks).ConclusionsThe analysis demonstrated that decreased land‐use intensity and, in particular, declining traditional practices were the foremost mechanisms of the recent upper forest‐cover upward shift, whereas the effect of climate warming remains not so obvious.
Thecate stem medusozoans (Cnidaria) from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota
Authors: Qu Hanzhi , Li Kexin , Ou Qiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCnidarians are phylogenetically located near the base of the ‘tree of animals’, and their early evolution had a profound impact on the rise of bilaterians. However, the early diversity and phylogeny of this ‘lowly’ metazoan clade has hitherto been enigmatic. Fortunately, cnidarian fossils from the early Cambrian could provide key insights into their evolutionary history. Here, based on a scrutiny of the purported hyolith Burithes yunnanensis Hou et al. from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota in South China, we reveal that this species shows characters distinct from those typical of hyoliths, not least a funnel‐shaped gastrovascular system with a single opening, a whorl of tentacles surrounding the mouth, and the lack of an operculum. These characters suggest a great deviation from the original definition of the genus Burithes, and a closer affinity with cnidarians. We therefore reassign the material to a new genus: Palaeoconotuba. Bayesian inference of phylogeny based on new anatomical traits identifies a new clade, including Palaeoconotuba and Cambrorhytium, as a stem group of sessile medusozoan cnidarians that are united by the synapomorphies of developing an organic conical theca and a funnel‐like gastrovascular system. This study unveils a stem lineage of medusozoans that evolved a lifelong conical theca in the early Cambrian.
Disseminated cysticercosis with multi‐system involvement in a child
Authors: Kaur Lovleen , Bansal Aanchal , Dayal Surabhi , Karwal Ambar , Singh Sunita 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe report a rare case of disseminated cysticercosis in a 7‐year‐old Indian girl with recent onset seizures treated with antiepileptics for 2 months. When she presented to dermatology clinic, she had multifocal subcutaneous and submucosal nodules. The subsequent diagnostic workup revealed extensive neurocysticercosis as well as orbital and myocysticercosis.
A novel mutation in a CARD14‐associated papulosquamous eruption
Authors: Li Nana , Tao Jing , Zhang Jingli , Liu Zhen , Yu Ping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCARD14‐associated papulosquamous eruption (CAPE), a spectrum that includes clinical features of psoriasis and pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP), is associated with activating mutations in the CARD14 gene. Herein we describe the clinical features of a family with CAPE and a novel mutation of CARD14, and highlight ectropion as part of the phenotypic spectrum of CAPE.
Non‐invasive imaging techniques in presurgical margin assessment of basal cell carcinoma: Current evidence
Authors: Janowska Agata , Oranges Teresa , Granieri Giammarco , Romanelli Marco , Fidanzi Cristian , Iannone Michela , Dini Valentina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is based on clinical and dermoscopical features. In uncertain cases, innovative imaging techniques, such as reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), have been used. The main limitation of these techniques is the inability to study deep margins. HFUS (high‐frequency ultrasound) and the most recent UHFUS (ultra‐high‐frequency ultrasound) have been used in various applications in dermatology, but they are not yet routinely used in the diagnosis of BCC. A key point in clinical practice is to find an imaging technique that can help to reduce post‐surgical recurrences with a careful presurgical assessment of the lesional margins. This technique should show high sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility and simplicity of execution. This concept is very important for the optimal management of patients who are often elderly and have many comorbidities. The aim of the paper is to analyse the characteristics of current imaging techniques and the studies in the literature on this topic.Materials and methodsThe authors independently searched the MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library databases for studies looking for non‐invasive imaging techniques for the presurgical margin assessment of BCC.ResultsPreoperative study of the BCC subtype can help to obtain a complete excision with free margins. Different non‐invasive imaging techniques have been studied for in vivo evaluation of tumour margins, comparing the histologic evaluation with a radical surgery. The possibility to study the lateral and deep margins would allow a reduction of recurrences and sparing of healthy tissue.ConclusionHFUS and UHFUS represent the most promising, non‐invasive techniques for the pre‐operative study of BCC facilitating the characterization of vascularization, deep lateral margins and high‐risk subtypes, although they are limited by insufficient literature unlike RCM and OCT.