bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, COGNITIVE HEALTH, AND LONGEVITY IN OLDER ADULTHOOD
Authors: Yoneda Tomiko , Piccinin Andrea , Lewis Nathan , Knight Jamie , Hyun Jinshil , Kleineidam Luca , Hofer Scott , Terrera Graciela Muniz 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Research suggests that physical activity (PA) protects against cognitive impairment in older adulthood; however, the extent to which PA engagement throughout older adulthood influences the simultaneous risk of transitioning to cognitively impaired states and death is unclear. Applying coordinated data analysis across 14 studies, multi-state survival models (MSM) were independently fit to data from fourteen longitudinal studies (NTotal=52,039). PA was synthesized across studies using the metabolic equivalent of task approach. Adjusting for demographics and chronic conditions, meta-analytic results indicated that engaging in more PA was associated with a reduced risk of transitioning from no cognitive impairment to mildly impaired cognitive functioning (HR=0.94, 95%CI’s=0.89,0.99) and death (HR=0.72, 95%CI’s=0.65,0.80). Based on MSM estimates, multinomial regression models computed total life expectancy stratified by national PA recommendations. Meta-analytic results indicate a positive linear effect of PA, such that more PA is associated with longevity. This presentation will include discussion of knowledge translation efforts.
DIETARY INTERVENTIONS FOR HEALTHY AGING
Authors: Das Sai Krupa , Redman Leanne 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aging is associated with a host of cellular and molecular changes that cumulatively result in a progressive decline in metabolic and physical function, development of chronic disease, and increased risk of mortality. Dietary interventions targeting these age-related changes have been shown to attenuate the aging process and improve healthspan, i.e., the length of time individuals are disease- and disability-free. Calorie restriction (CR) is one such intervention that has been shown to be effective in reducing disease risk and improving multiple markers of biological aging. The biological mechanisms mediating the observed benefits of CR are not fully understood but possibly involve changes in energy metabolism, oxidative damage, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and function of both the neuroendocrine and sympathetic nervous systems. Despite the benefits of CR, sustained adherence remains a challenge. An alternative dietary approach with potential for impact on markers of aging and disease risk is intermittent fasting (IF), which represents a broad class of meal-timing interventions that involve alternating periods of eating and extended fasting. One novel form of IF called time-restricted eating (TRE) involves eating within a 10-hour period and fasting for the rest of the day. TRE appears to improve adherence to IF and especially improve cardiometabolic health in humans. Studies in rodents and pilot studies in humans have found that TRE reduces body weight and hunger, improves insulin sensitivity, lowers blood pressure, reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, improves circadian rhythms, and, in rodents only, extends lifespan. With feasibility data demonstrating reasonably high adherence rates, TRE is a promising strategy to improve markers of healthspan.
TEAMS AND TOOLS: ADDRESSING POLYPHARMACY USING THE ARMOR TOOL IN A RURAL NURSING CARE FACILITY
Authors: Zell Angela , Haque Raza 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Federal guidelines by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services around the use of an interdisciplinary team (IDT) approach have been in place for years. However, use of evidence-based tools to address polypharmacy have not been specified. A study was conducted to evaluate the implementation of the ARMOR (Assess, Review, Minimize, Optimize, Reassess) tool to address polypharmacy in a rural nursing care facility. The tool provided a stepwise approach to a standardized process for the IDT to discuss individual resident care plans including psychotropic medications, psychosocial concerns, falls, quality of life, functional status and other factors in their weekly meetings. Surveys and a focus group were used to measure attitudes and skills of the IDT in relation to the use of the evidence-based tool in the IDT process. Data collected presents an overall positive attitude for and improvement in skills in the IDT with the use of the ARMOR tool.
THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 ON THE MIGRATION OF HOME HEALTHCARE WORKER
Authors: Monaghan-Geernaert Pamela 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Home health caregivers provide a vital role in allowing people to age in place. Women, and in particular immigrant women, have become the largest provider of home health care in Western Industrialized Countries. Global push-pull factors affecting caregivers were greatly disrupted with the emergence of the global pandemic – COVID-19. The pandemic highlighted how fragile the system is and how the easily the ‘grey economy’ can be compromised. This research looks at border access, immigration restrictions and other factors which impeded the migration of caregivers. Poor countries suffered greatly with restrictions on exporting women who use cross national moves as a means to generate income for families in their homeland, and rich countries faced extreme shortages. The results were devastating for all parties – caregivers and care recipients alike.
FAMILY PREPAREDNESS AT HOSPITAL DISCHARGE OF THE PERSON LIVING WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Boltz Marie , Best Irene , Kuzmik Ashley 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Family care partners face increased and more complex caregiving demands at the time of hospital discharge for persons living with dementia. This study examined family care partners’ needs for preparation and factors associated with the degree of preparation for caregiving. Care partners who were younger (t=3.26, p=.001), demonstrated anxiety (t= 2.6, p=.010) and depression (t =4.6, p &lt;.001), and were caring for a person in pain (t=2.3, p=.023) had lower scores on the Preparation for Caregiving Scale. Care partners described the least preparation to care for the patients’ emotional needs (M= 2.8, SD=1.2) and deal with the stress of caregiving (M= 2.7, SD=1.2). Content analysis of nurses’ transitional care notes converged with these findings, while also describing a lack of preparation to advocate for information from medical providers. Findings suggest the need to attend to the psychological and informational needs of care partners, while considering patient well-being and comfort.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN INTERACTIONS AND WELL-BEING AMONG HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS LIVING WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Paudel Anju , Boltz Marie , Resnick Barbara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
While the incidence of dementia is generally higher in women compared to men, gender differences in interactions and well-being in dementia is still unclear. This study examined gender differences in interactions and well-being among hospitalized patients living with dementia. A total of 140 hospitalized patients (53% female and 47% male) were included in the analysis. On average, the participants were 81.43 years old (SD= 8.29), had positive interactions with staff based on higher scores on Quality of Interaction Schedule, QUIS (5.81, SD= 1.36), and fair emotional well-being based on lower scores on Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, CSDD (7.79, SD= 5.59). Although men seemed to have more positive interactions (male=6.07, SD=1.13; female=5.59, SD=1.51) and greater wellbeing (male=7.52, SD=4.77; female=8.03, SD=6.25) than women, there were no statistically significant gender differences observed in linear models with appropriate covariates. Future work should continue to explore gender differences in interactions and well-being.
PREDICTORS OF THE DESIRE TO INSTITUTIONALIZE IN CARE PARTNERS OF HOSPITALIZED PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA AT DISCHARGE
Authors: Kuzmik Ashley 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hospitalized persons with dementia are more likely to be discharged to long-term nursing home care as compared to persons without dementia. The desire to seek this care is due in large part to the inability of family care partners to continue to provide care at home. This study aimed to identify predictors of desire to institutionalize (DTI) in care partners of persons with dementia at hospital discharge. A stepwise multiple linear regression was done to examine the dyad factors among 434 patient and care partners associated with DTI . Lower preparedness for caregiving (p &lt; .001), higher caregiver strain (p = .039), cohabitation (p &lt; .001) and care partner race (White; p = .016) were associated with DTI. Findings underscore the need to assess family preparedness for caregiving, strain, and living situation upon admission, and suggest the need to examine racial differences in the desire to seek nursing home care.
SUPPLEMENTING GLYNAC IN AGING IMPROVES GLUTATHIONE, MITOCHONDRIA, AND AGING HALLMARKS: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Sekhar Rajagopal , Kumar Premranjan , Liu Chun , Suliburk James , Hsu Jean , Jahoor Farook , Minard Charles , Taffet George 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Oxidative stress (OxS), mitochondrial dysfunction and aging hallmarks are important contributors to aging, but effective solutions to correct these defects in older adults (OA) are lacking. Via earlier translational studies we discovered that supplementation of GlyNAC (combination of glycine and N-acetylcysteine) improves/corrects these defects. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled (RCT) in 24 OA (mean age 71y) to definitively determine the effects of supplementing GlyNAC vs. isonitrogenous placebo (alanine) for 16-weeks on intracellular glutathione (GSH), OxS mitochondrial function, inflammation, insulin-resistance, endothelial function, physical function, body composition and multiple aging hallmarks. 12 YA (mean age 25y) served as young controls and received GlyNAC for 2-weeks. Subjects were studied before receiving supplementation study, and after receiving supplementation for 2-weeks (OA, YA) and 16-weeks (OA). The RCT found that compared to YA, the OA had severe GSH deficiency (red-cells, muscle), mitochondrial dysfunction, OxS (TBARS, F2-isoprostanes), diminished physical function (gait-speed, muscle strength, exercise capacity), elevated waist-circumference and systolic blood pressure, and multiple hallmarks defects of aging (affecting mitochondrial function, mitophagy, nutrient sensing, inflammation, insulin-resistance, genotoxicity, stem-cells and cellular senescence). GlyNAC supplementation for 2-weeks rapidly improved several defects, and further improved/corrected multiple defects after 16-weeks. No improvements were seen in YA receiving GlyNAC, or in OA receiving the alanine placebo, suggesting that protein supplementation per se in OA does not improve defects. The results of this RCT provides proof-of-concept that GlyNAC supplementation improves/reverses GSH deficiency, mitochondrial dysfunction, OxS, inflammation, physical function/strength and multiple aging hallmarks. GlyNAC could be a novel, simple and safe nutritional supplement to improve/reverse age-associated defects and promote health in aging humans.
CIRCULATING BIOMARKERS OF CELL SENESCENCE IN A RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF CALORIC RESTRICTION WEIGHT LOSS
Authors: Justice Jamie , Leng Iris , LeBrasseur Nathan , Mitin Natalia , Kritchevsky Stephen , Nicklas Barbara , Ding Jingzhong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
There are no circulating markers exclusive to cell senescence for clinical trials in middle-aged/older adults. In this study we evaluated T-cell expression of tumor suppressor protein p16INK4a and plasma senescence associated secretory proteins (SASP)-factors in the context of an 18-week randomized trial of caloric restriction (CR) compared to a weight stable Control. The analysis includes 55 middle-aged/older adults (75%Women; 33%African American; 57.6±5.8 years) with obesity and prediabetes. We measured mRNA expression of select senescence and apoptosis gene transcripts (p16INK4a, p21, BCL2L, BAK1) in peripheral blood CD3+ T-cells (quantitative-RT-PCR) and a panel of 27 plasma SASP proteins (Luminex/multiplex; ELISA). Weight loss in those randomized to CR was -10.8±0.9 kg compared to +0.5±0.9 kg in Control. Using mixed models, T-cell expression of senescence-biomarkers p16INK4a, p21, BCL-2L, and apoptosis-marker BAK1 were not different between CR and control at 18 weeks (time × treatment adjusted for age, race, and sex, all p&gt;0.05). We explored associations between biomarkers with weight loss; moderate spearman correlations (rs=0.28 to 0.64) were observed between weight loss and change in plasma SASP-factors (Activin A, I-CAM, MMP1, PAI-1, TNF-RI, TNF-RII, VEGF, uPAR, p&lt; 0.05 all), but not T-cell biomarker expression. We evaluated associations between biomarkers and found change in T-cell p16INK4a was associated with change in plasma SASP-factors, Fas (rs=0.51), osteopontin (rs=0.34), myeloperoxidase (rs=0.39), and MMP2 (rs=0.40) (CR+Control combined). Among middle-aged/older persons with obesity undergoing 18-weeks CR, changes in T cell p16INK4a expression were correlated with reductions in key SASP factors, and weight loss was associated with lower pro-inflammatory SASP profile.
THE CANNABIS AND OLDER PERSONS STUDY: EXPANDING OUR MINDS THROUGH INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
Authors: Kaskie Brian , Han Benjamin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Cannabis and Older Persons Study has examined the increasing use of cannabis among Americans over 60 years old since 2016. This year’s symposium presents varied methodological approaches researchers have used to better understand the harms and benefits associated with cannabis use among older Americans. Divya Bhagianadh examines the association between cannabis legalization policies across the Untied States and corresponding use of end of life programs and services. Julie Bobitt analyzes interviews provided by older adults in Illinois and defines how attitudes held by medical doctors and other clinical care providers are critical to shaping cannabis use among older adults. Brian Kaskie considers the role of cannabis policy clusters. Jacobo Mintzer reviews findings from a controlled trial providing two cannabinoids to treat agitation among persons with Alzheimers in hospice. Thorsten Rudroff examines cannabis use among a sample of older persons at risk for falls. These studies reflect how cannabis use among older persons continues to grow and diversify, and how researchers have use different approaches to advance scientific understanding of determinants and outcomes, both desirable and undesirable, associated with cannabis use among older adults. This symposium offers policy makers and health care leaders a balanced perspective. On one side, we discuss how prevention and treatment efforts for substance use disorder, including cannabis use disorder, must increase proportionally to the increasing number of older cannabis users. On the other side, we consider how more than 5 million older Americans, especially those with pain, find some benefit in using cannabis.
EXPERIENCES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR STARTING A UNIVERSITY GERONTOLOGY RESEARCH LABORATORY
Authors: Howell Britteny , Peterson Jennifer 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Although founding and directing an independent research laboratory is often expected of faculty at American universities, there are several barriers to successful completion of this important task. There is little guidance in the literature regarding exactly how to go about starting a research laboratory. The guidance that does exist for faculty often focuses on running research labs in the “hard sciences,” such as biomedical science and engineering, leaving social and behavioral scientists out of such considerations. Additionally, smaller or teaching-focused universities often have little infrastructure or support for starting a research lab, so faculty at these institutions may not know where to begin. These barriers are significant concerns for junior faculty, who are often unprepared for the realities and challenges of starting a successful research lab while obtaining other milestones required of promotion and tenure. We present two examples of recently-formed gerontology research laboratories begun by junior faculty, one in the psychology department of a research university and one in public health at a teaching-focused university. Our case studies present the audience with specific examples, lessons learned, and guidance for starting their own gerontology research laboratory in higher education, as well as recommendations on maintaining its functioning during a global pandemic (COVID-19).
TEACHING THE INTERSECTION OF AGING AND DISABILITY FOR FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS
Authors: Mulhorn Kristine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The honors college at Drexel included their Freshmen Seminar in a recent effort to offer various courses on the theme of aging across the campus. Usually, the themed courses are for juniors and seniors who can choose electives. This year, the theme of aging was interwoven into two freshmen seminars with a maximum of 20 students. The purpose of this course was to examine the complexity of these two concepts and recognize possible avenues for study, research, and careers based these perspectives. Disability is not only a way of describing how someone lives with biological or physical difference, but disability can be a social identity, and a group recognized in recent civil rights legislation. Aging is not only at the individual level, but an ongoing demographic change that is happening throughout the world. Students reflected on online quizzes on ableism and ageism to gain insights about their own biases and the biases within their chosen career fields. Through class discussions and reflections, students achieved course objectives: 1) describe how society can better prepare individuals to fully participate in society throughout life; 2) recognize key factors affecting those with disability and aging with disability as they navigate education, health services, housing and work; 3) synthesize literature on aging and disability to make recommendations for improving social participation for those either aging with disability or aging into disability; and 4) describe public policy challenges for those over 50 and those who identify as disabled.
A MULTIPRONGED APPROACH TO MODELING DYADIC SIMILARITY AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Purol Mariah , Weidmann Rebekka , Hickman Louis , Oh Jeewon , Chopik William 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
One surprising finding in the field of dyadic influence is the minimal influence that couple personality similarity has for life and relational well-being. Most research has focused on pairing of symmetric psychological characteristics on a broad, trait level (i.e., one person’s extraversion with their partner’s extraversion) across romantic partners. However, many more cross-trait combinations are possible, and facet-level traits may provide additional information that is traditionally lost. Among 1,366 middle-age and older couples, we examined similarity effects of personality facets on health, life, and relational well-being using difference scores, response surface analyses, and machine learning approaches. Across analytic and operational approaches, partner and similarity effects were relatively small in magnitude, although additional variance was explained for some outcomes (e.g., relationship satisfaction) than others (e.g., memory, chronic illnesses). Our findings constitute one of the more comprehensive examinations to date and suggest even the modest effects of personality similarity may be overstated.
A PILOT RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL TO PROMOTE POSITIVE AFFECT IN PATIENTS WITH FIBROMYALGIA
Authors: Reid Cary , Ong Anthony , Moskowitz Judy , Sanni Mubarak , Kim Patricia , Wethington Elaine , Addington Elizabeth , Sluys Erica 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic musculoskeletal condition characterized by widespread pain, impaired physical functioning, and deficits in positive affect (PA). Standard behavioral therapies for FMS focus on reducing negative affect (NA) and yield only modest benefits. We examined the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of a 6-week, online, PA-enhancing intervention, entitled: Lessons in Affect Regulation to Keep Stress and Pain UndeR control (LARKSPUR). We enrolled participants from one large health system in New York City and ResearchMatch. Ninety-five FMS patients were randomized to LARKSPUR or a neutral emotion reporting arm. Results to date indicate that LARKSPUR is feasible: recruitment (82%), retention (93%); and acceptable: mean satisfaction score on 1-10 scale (9.4, SD=1.2). Planned efficacy analyses will evaluate treatment effects on pain intensity and interference, depressive symptoms, and stress appraisals. If effective, LARKSPUR will lay the foundation for understanding how behavioral treatments for FMS can be optimized through PA enhancement.
DO INTERNALIZED AGE STEREOTYPES MEDIATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VOLUNTEERING AND SELF-EFFICACY AMONG ADULTS 50+?
Authors: Steward Andrew , Hasche Leslie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Volunteering is associated with increased self-efficacy among older adults, and self-efficacy has been shown to mediate the relationship between ageism and health. A growing, compelling body of literature based in stereotype embodiment theory identifies significant, negative public health impacts of internalized age stereotypes. Yet, little research explores whether volunteering may both reduce internalized ageism and enhance self-efficacy as people age. This cross-sectional study examined whether internalized age stereotypes mediate the relationship between volunteering and self-efficacy for adults 50+. A convenience sample of volunteers (n = 165) 50+ years of age residing in the U.S. Mountain West was recruited. A 15-minute, online survey was utilized. The independent variable was number of volunteer hours per week (mean = 6.45, SD = 5.38). The dependent variable was self-efficacy measured by five items from the five-point, Likert-type general self-efficacy scale (α = .83; mean = 4.81, SD = 1.08). Drawing from the self-stereotypes of aging scale, the indirect effects of five internalized positive (e.g., “wise” and “capable”) and five negative (e.g., “grumpy” and “helpless”) age stereotypes were tested. Results indicate that increased internalized positive, but not negative, age stereotypes partially mediated the relationship between volunteer hours and self-efficacy while holding constant age, gender, race, self-rated health, functional limitation, education, employment, and previous volunteer experience. Although positive age stereotypes have long been considered a form of ageism, the results of this study suggest that internalized positive age stereotypes may function as a form of esteem to promote enhanced psychosocial health as people age.