bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Rates of ESBL-producing and Gentamycin-resistant Gram-negative Bacteria During the First Week of Life: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study Among Infants Younger Than 2 Months With Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Washahi Muhammad , Miron Dan , Steinberg Ben Zeev Zohar , Chayen Gilad , Jacob Ron 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Reducing the risk of renal scarring in infants with urinary tract infection (UTI) necessitates timely and effective administration of antimicrobial treatment. The Israeli Medical Association recommends the empirical use of gentamicin and ampicillin for febrile infants younger than 2 months with suspected UTI. We aimed to assess the prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing and gentamicin-resistant Gram-negative UTI among infants younger than 2 months.

Methods:
A multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study of infants younger than 2 months with UTI who visited Clalit Health Services pediatric emergency departments between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2021. The primary outcome measure was the prevalence of ESBL-associated and gentamicin-resistant UTI. The secondary outcome measure was the factors associated with such resistant bacteria.

Results:
Overall, 1142 infants were included. Sixty-five (5.7%) and 64 (5.6%) infants had gentamicin-resistant and ESBL-producing Gram-negative UTI, respectively. Forty-two percent of ESBL-associated UTI were gentamicin-resistant. Higher ESBL rates were found during first week of life (14.8% versus 4.1%–7.7%; P = 0.009). Similarly, higher rates of gentamicin resistance were found in this age group (11.2%). Admission rate to pediatric intensive care units (ICUs) was higher in infants with ESBL-associated UTI (9.8% versus 3.5%; P = 0.015). Gestational bacteriuria, previous neonatal ICU admission or gender were not associated with either gentamicin or ESBL-producing resistance.

Conclusions:
Our findings support the current recommendations for empirical intravenous treatment. However, modification of the treatment protocol should be considered for infants younger than 7 days, who had higher rates of ESBL-producing and gentamicin-resistant Gram-negative UTI.
Lexical Diversity and Other Linguistic Measures in Schizophrenia
Authors: Compton Michael T. , Ku Benson S. , Covington Michael A. , Metzger Celia , Hogoboom Anya 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Straightforward linguistic measures may be indicators of reduced language production and lexical diversity among individuals with schizophrenia with negative symptoms and neurocognitive impairments. We compared 98 patients with schizophrenia to 101 unaffected controls on six language variables (e.g., number of relationships between objects, use of complex transitions in the narrative structure), number of words produced, and lexical diversity computed as the moving average type-token ratio from both speaking and writing tasks. Patients differed from controls on nearly all of the linguistic measures; number of words produced had the strongest effect, with an average Cohen's d of 0.68; values pertaining to lexical diversity were 0.50 and 0.32, respectively, for the speaking tasks and the writing tasks. Most measures were correlated with alogia and other domains of negative symptoms (including avolition-apathy and anhedonia-asociality), as well as with diverse neurocognitive domains, especially those pertaining to working memory, verbal learning, and verbal category fluency. Further work is needed to understand longitudinal changes in these linguistic variables, as well as their utility as measures of alogia.
THE EFFECT OF A SIX-WEEK SENSORY-MOTOR EXERCISE PROGRAM ON THE BALANCE AND FATIGUE SEVERITY IN WOMEN WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Authors: Hashemi Rad Yeganeh Sadat , Aghayari Azar 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the impact of six weeks of at-home sensory-motor exercises on balance and fatigue levels in women with multiple sclerosis, a progressive autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system. MS symptoms can significantly reduce quality of life.

Design
In this Quasi-Experimental Study, 26 MS female patients aged 20-40 with an EDSS of 0-4 were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. The experimental group performed sensory-motor exercises for six weeks, three sessions a week and for one hour at home. Balance and fatigue were evaluated with Sharpened-Romberg tests (for Static Balance), a 6-step test of Get-Up and Go (for Dynamic Balance) and a Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). At the end of the sixth week, these tests were re-evaluated like the pre-test stage.

Results
Experimental group showed better static balance and FSS than control group, but no difference in dynamic balance.

Conclusions
Considering the outbreak of Covid-19 and the resultant lockdown, the importance of exercise and physical activities in patients with MS, and the positive effects of sensory-motor exercises at home in the present study, these kinds of sensory-motor workouts are highly recommended to improve balance and reduce the fatigue in MS patients.
The relationship between manual wheelchair using skills and upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders in patients with spinal cord injury: A musculoskeletal ultrasonography study
Authors: Ata Ayşe Merve , Mete Civelek Gül , Kara Onur 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between wheelchair skills and upper extremity pathologies detected by ultrasound (US) and to identify independent predictors of joint pathologies.

Design
45 patients who were paraplegic due to SCI were included. Demographic and clinical data were evaluated. The Spinal Cord Independence Measure III (SCIM-III) and wheelchair skills test questionnaire (WST-Q) was administered. Shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints of both upper extremities were evaluated with US.

Results
19 (42.2%) patients had musculoskeletal pain in their upper extremities. The most painful area was shoulder 14 (31.1%), followed by elbow 8 (17.7%) and wrist 3 (6.6%), respectively. WST-Q scores were worse in patients with elbow effusion (p = 0.041) and lateral epicondyle (LE) spur formation (p = 0.006). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, independent predictors for joint pathologies in US were SCIM-total score, higher body mass index (BMI), older age, working with physical strength, female gender, duration of wheelchair usage, higher level of injury, and wheelchair skills (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Among the risk factors for joint pathologies identified in this study, the ability to use wheelchairs, which is a modifiable risk factor, should be considered in the rehabilitation process and improved.
Usefulness of the H-Reflex for Intraoperative Monitoring of Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms
Authors: Martín-Palomeque Guillermo , Cabañes-Martínez Lidia , López Jaime R. , Mateo Montero Raidili Cristina , Reyes Andrés , Gandarias Claudio , Regidor Ignacio 
Published: May 2023

Purpose:
Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring in thoracoabdominal aneurysms (TAAA) is essential to avoid intraoperative spinal cord injury). Motor and somatosensory evoked potentials may be considered intraoperative tools for detecting spinal cord injury. H-reflex is a well-known neurophysiologic technique to evaluate L5-S1 root. Current evidence supports the observation that H-reflex changes may occur with spinal cord damage as high as the cervical level. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the H-reflex in these surgeries.

Methods:
The use of intraoperative H-reflex in TAAA monitoring was evaluated in 12 patients undergoing open or endovascular repair of TAAA for a period of four years (2016–2020) using somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and transcranial motor evoked potentials (TcMEPs) and bilateral H-reflex.

Results:
Six neurophysiologic alarms were recorded in five of the 12 patients. Summarizing the neurophysiologic changes of our series, we considered a peripheral change when we detected a unilateral loss of SSEPs, TcMEPs, and H-reflex. Instead, we assumed a central change when we detected a unilateral or bilateral loss of TcMEPs and H-reflex with normal SSEPs, which we considered a sign of spinal cord ischemia. Interestingly H-reflex always changed significantly in combination with TcMEPs in the same fashion.

Conclusions:
According to our series, H-reflex can detect intraoperative changes with the same sensitivity as TcMEPs in TAAA surgeries. With the support of other techniques, it can be useful to localize the origin of the lesion (peripheral or central spinal cord), to help in surgical decision-making to avoid postoperative neurologic damage. Based on our results, we recommend the systematic use of H-reflex in TAAA surgeries.
Non-Targeted Effects and Space Radiation Risks for Astronauts on Multiple International Space Station and Lunar Missions
Authors: Cucinotta Francis A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFuture space travel to the earth’s moon or the planet Mars will likely lead to the selection of experienced International Space Station (ISS) or lunar crew persons for subsequent lunar or mars missions. The major risk for space travel is the galactic cosmic rays (GCR) risks of cancer, circulatory diseases and detriments in cognition. However large uncertainties in risk prediction occur due to the quantitative and qualitative differences in heavy ion microscopic energy deposition leading to differences in biological effects compared to low LET radiation. In addition, there are sparse radiobiology data and absence of epidemiology data for heavy ions and other high LET radiation. Non-targeted effects (NTEs) are found in radiobiology studies to increase the biological effectiveness of high let radiation at low dose for cancer related endpoints. In this paper the most recent version of the NASA Space Cancer Risk model (NSCR-2022) is used to predict mission risks while considering NTEs in solid cancer risk predictions. I discuss predictions of space radiation risks of cancer and circulatory disease mortality for US Whites and US Asian-Pacific Islander (API) populations for 6-month ISS, 80-day lunar missions, and combined ISS-lunar mission. Results predict NTE increase cancer risks by about ∼2.3 fold over a model that ignores NTEs. US API are predicted to have a lower cancer risks of about 30% compared to US Whites. Cancer risks are slightly less than additive for multiple missions, which is due to the decease of risk with age of exposure and the increased competition with background risks as radiation risks increase. The inclusion of circulatory risks increases mortality estimates about 25% and 37% for females and males, respectively in the model ignoring NTEs, and 20% and 30% when NTEs are assumed to modify solid cancer risk. The predictions made here for combined ISS and lunar missions suggest risks are within risk limit recommendations by the NCRP for such missions.
A phosphorylation-deficient ribosomal protein eS6 is largely functional inArabidopsis thaliana, rescuing mutant defects from global translation and gene expression to photosynthesis and growth
Authors: Dasgupta Anwesha , Urquidi Camacho Ricardo A , Enganti Ramya , Cho Sung Ki , Tucker Lindsey L. , Torreverde John S. , Abraham Paul E. , von Arnim Albrecht G. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThe eukaryote-specific ribosomal protein of the small subunit eS6 is phosphorylated through the Target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase pathway. Although this phosphorylation event responds dynamically to environmental conditions and has been studied for over 50 years, its biochemical and physiological significance remains controversial and poorly understood. Here we report data fromArabidopsis thaliana, which indicate that plants expressing only a largely phospho-deficient isoform of eS6 grow essentially normally under laboratory conditions. The eS6A (RPS6A) paralog of eS6 functionally rescued double mutations in bothrps6aandrps6bgenes when expressed at approximately twice the wild-type dosage. A mutant isoform of eS6A lacking the major six phosphorylatable serine and threonine residues in its carboxyl-terminal tail also rescued the lethality, rosette growth, and polyribosome loading of the double mutant. It also complemented many mutant phenotypes ofrps6that were newly characterized here, including photosynthetic efficiency, and the vast majority of gene expression defects that were measured by transcriptomics and proteomics. However, compared to plants rescued with a phospho-enabled version of eS6A, the phospho-deficient seedlings retained a mild pointed-leaf phenotype, root growth was reduced, and certain cell cycle related mRNAs and ribosome biogenesis proteins were misexpressed. The residual defects of the phospho-deficient seedlings could be understood as an incomplete rescue of therps6mutant defects, with little or no evidence for gain-of-function defects. As expected, the phospho-deficient eS6A also rescued therps6aandrps6bsingle mutants; however, phosphorylation of the eS6B paralog remained lower than predicted, further underscoring that plants can tolerate phospho-deficiency of eS6 well. Our data also yield new insights into how plants cope with mutations in essential, duplicated ribosomal protein isoforms.
JZL184 increases anxiety-like behavior and does not reduce alcohol consumption in female rats after repeated mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Jacotte-Simancas Alejandra , Molina Patricia , Gilpin Nicholas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is highly comorbid with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Previously, using a lateral fluid percussion model (LFP) (an open model of head injury) to generate a single mild to moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI), we showed that TBI produces escalation in alcohol drinking, that alcohol exposure negatively impacts TBI outcomes, and that the endocannabinoid degradation inhibitor (JZL184) confers significant protection from behavioral and neuropathological outcomes in male rodents. In the present study, we used a weight drop model (a closed model of head injury) to produce a repeated mild TBI (rmTBI, 3 TBIs, spaced by 24 hours) to examine the sex-specific effects on alcohol consumption and anxiety-like behavior in rats, and whether systemic treatment with JZL184 would reverse TBI effects on those behaviors in both sexes. In two separate studies, adult male and female Wistar rats were subjected to rmTBI or sham using the weight drop model. Physiological measures of injury severity were collected from all animals. Animals in both studies were allowed to consume alcohol using an intermittent 2-bottle choice procedure (12 pre-TBI sessions and 12 post-TBI sessions). Neurological severity and neurobehavioral scores (NSS and NBS, respectively) were tested 24 hours after the final injury. Anxiety-like behavior was tested at 37-38 days post-injury in Study 1, and 6-8 days post-injury in Study 2. Our results show that females exhibited reduced respiratory rates relative to males with no significant differences between Sham and rmTBI, no effect of rmTBI or sex on righting reflex, and increased neurological deficits in rmTBI groups in both studies. In Study 1, rmTBI increased alcohol consumption in female but not male rats. Male rats consistently exhibited higher levels of anxiety-like behavior than females. rmTBI did not affect anxiety-like behavior 37-38 days post-injury. In Study 2, rmTBI once again increased alcohol consumption in female but not male rats, and repeated systemic treatment with JZL184 did not affect alcohol consumption. Also in Study 2, rmTBI increased anxiety-like behavior in males but not females and repeated systemic treatment with JZL184 produced an unexpected increase in anxiety-like behavior 6-8 days post-injury. In summary, rmTBI increased alcohol consumption in female rats, systemic JZL184 treatment did not alter alcohol consumption, and both rmTBI and sub-chronic systemic JZL184 treatment increased anxiety-like behavior 6-8 days post-injury in males but not females, highlighting robust sex differences in rmTBI effects.
Impact of consanguinity on spontaneous pregnancy loss and descendants’ health in north Morocco
Authors: Hardouz Houria , Arfaoui Amine , Quyou Ali 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe present study aims to bring out the impact of consanguinity on spontaneous pregnancy loss (SPL) and on descendants’ health, among the population of north Morocco.Design/methodology/approachConvenience sampling was used for collecting data. A questionnaire was randomly administered to 385 couples represented by either the husband, the wife or both. The study lasted for three months, from January to March 2015.FindingsIn total, 238 valid questionnaires were analysed. The results showed that the consanguinity rate was 45.23% and that most consanguineous unions were between first cousins (91%). Data analysis revealed that SPL risk was similar in consanguineous and non-consanguineous couples (OR = 1.6; IC95% = 0.9–2.9). Also, no significant difference was observed in terms of SPL type (OR = 1.6; IC95% = 0.7–3.9) and frequency (p = 0.81). However, late SPL frequency was significantly lower in consanguineous couples (p < 0.001), whereas no significant difference was registered in terms of early SPL frequency (p = 0.73). On the other hand, consanguineous couples displayed a significantly higher risk of descendants’ health disorders in comparison with non-consanguineous ones. Moreover, the consanguineous couples had a significantly higher number of children with health disorders (p < 0.001). The risk analysis also showed that consanguineous couples displayed a significantly higher risk of congenital malformations (OR = 7.23; IC95% = 3.52–14.84) and multifactorial diseases (OR = 3.72; IC95% = 1.46–9.49), but no significant difference was observed in terms of behavioural disorders risk.Originality/valueThe population awareness regarding the negative effects of consanguinity should be raised through education programmes and premarital, prenatal and genetic counselling services.
Increasing the efficiency of delivery operations and customer profitability analysis with a time-driven activity-based costing model
Authors: Adıgüzel Hümeyra 
Published: May 2023

Learning outcomes
Upon completion of the case study discussion, successful students will be able to define and list the steps of time-driven activity-based costing system (TDABC); understand and explain the ideas behind the TDABC; implement the TDABC in customer profitability analysis; draw connections among the cost and profitability analysis; evaluate the importance of better costing techniques in profitability analysis; and make managerial decisions based on TDABC analysis.

Case overview/synopsis
Gluten Limited’s financial affairs and operations manager, Fatih, was aware that the company was making very little profit from its operations with its biggest customer. The main reason appeared to be that it delivered its products in bulk to the main warehouses of the customer, which then distributed them to the stores. Fatih believed that products were being sent to stores late, so that their expiration dates passed quickly and they ended up being returned.
The case study documents the past year of Gluten Limited’s delivery operations with one of its biggest customers. It focuses on the effectiveness of its delivery operations and ways to increase profitability by reducing sales returns. The case dilemma involves the choices that Fatih faced following a six-month trial period: either delivering products in bulk to the customer’s main warehouses at lower cost but higher return rates or delivering small amounts directly to stores at higher cost but lower return rates. Fatih needed to decide which mode of customer operations was more profitable and continue that way.
Knowing the importance of determining costs properly in profitability analysis, Fatih made the cost calculations using the TDABC system.

Complexity academic level
This case was written for use in Cost Accounting and Managerial Accounting classes at the undergraduate level. The focus of the case aligns well with discussions of customer profitability analysis, cost reductions, eliminating non-value-added activities, and profitability of operations. Instructors seeking to emphasize the most suitable costing methods for customer profitability analysis could assign this case.

Supplementary material
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 7: Management Science
E-entrepreneurial attitudes and behaviours in the United Arab Emirates: an empirical investigation in the digital transformation era
Authors: Qasim Dhia , Shuhaiber Ahmed , Bany Mohammed Ashraf , Valeri Marco 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to understand in-depth the electronic entrepreneurial intentions (EEI) towards launching online start-ups in United Arab Emirates (UAE) by exploring the effect of perceived entrepreneurial culture and risk propensity on EEI amongst the youth in the country, additionally, exploring the differences (if existed) amongst intentions based on gender categories.Design/methodology/approachThis study developed a theoretical framework based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to examine perceived entrepreneurial culture, risk propensity and the moderating role of gender. The researchers followed the partial least squares in structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) method. The collected responses of 250 online surveys were analysed using the SmartPLS 3.3 software.FindingsThe results showed a significant positive influence of risk propensity and perceived entrepreneurial culture on EEI in the UAE. Interestingly, despite that many prior studies showing a significant impact of gender e-EI, the analysis showed no differences between male and female responses regarding EEI. More results are demonstrated in the study.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is considered the first in the UAE which investigates empirically the factors that influence youth intentions to launch online start-ups and entrepreneurial ventures in the country. In addition, the results of this study contribute to the relevant literature by adding rich insights into the moderating role of gender in the relationship between perceived entrepreneurial culture and the three constructs of TPB, namely attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control, in order to start an e-entrepreneurial business. Furthermore, this study genuinely addresses the role of risk propensity in impacting the youth intentions in e-entrepreneurial ventures mediated by perceived behavioural control. Therefore, this research study provides original and rich insights into youth attitudes towards and behaviours of launching online start-ups and significantly contributes to the body of the e-entrepreneurship literature.