bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LC–MS metabolomics reveal skin metabolic signature of psoriasis vulgaris
Authors: Xiong Qiying , Zhong Daoqing , Li Qian , Yu Yihui , Zhang Sanquan , Liang Jingyao , Zhang Xibao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent metabolic studies have indicated that several metabolites in blood and urine of psoriasis functionally involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, but the skin metabonomics research of psoriasis is limited. We aimed to investigate the metabolic profiling of lesional and nonlesional skin and screen out potential biomarkers for psoriasis. We performed liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS)‐based nontargeted metabolomic analysis to compare metabolic profile between lesional and nonlesional skin from 12 patients with psoriasis vulgaris. A total of 3463 metabolites were detected, of which 769 (346 named and 423 unnamed) in positive ion mode and 179 (80 named and 99 unnamed) in negative ion mode were significantly different between lesional and nonlesional skin. These different metabolites were mainly derived from amino acid, lipid and nucleotide metabolism, and involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis regulation. Fourteen metabolites (10 upregulated and 4 downregulated) were identified as the most potentially significant biomarkers. Interestingly, seven of them were positively (l‐gamma‐glutamyl‐l‐leucine, 2‐methylcitric acid, l‐palmitoylcarnitine, inosine, eicosapentaenoic acid and 13‐hydroxy‐octadecaenoic acid) or negatively (l‐serine) correlated with disease severity. Significant differences of metabolic characteristics were found between lesional and nonlesional skin, which may contribute to assess the severity of psoriasis and therapeutic responses.
The defoliation dynamics of a stockpiled native grassland pasture follow similar patterns between supplemented and unsupplemented beef calves
Authors: Cazzuli Fiorella , Bremm Carolina , Jaurena Martín , Poppi Dennis , Durante Martín , Benvenutti Marcelo Adolfo , Savian Jean Victor , Devincenzi Thais , Rovira Pablo , Lagomarsino Ximena , Hirigoyen Andrés , Lattanzi Fernando A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt is unclear to what extent and on which variables does supplementing beef cattle on native grasslands affect sward structure, specifically on the dynamics of its grazing horizons. Three hypotheses were tested: (i) during a grazing down process under similar forage allowance, supplemented animals take longer to finish each grazing stratum, than their unsupplemented counterparts, (ii) in both cases, the upper stratum will be heavily depleted before the subsequent strata are grazed, (iii) some species and/or forage fractions are consumed faster than others, regardless of the animals being supplemented (corn dried distillers grains with solubles, DDGS, at 0.7% of their body weight, BW, on a dry matter, DM, basis) or not. Three blocks of stockpiled native grasslands were used and split into two treatments plots (n = 6), on which either supplemented (S) or control (C) heifers of 10.6 ± 0.6 months of age and an initial BW of 143 ± 9 kg, were used. A 2.5 × 0.5 m observation grid was installed on the sward, generating 384 observation points on each plot. On these observation plots, sward height (SH) and visually assessed green forage mass percentage (%G) were registered every other day for 12 consecutive days. No differences were found between the horizontal grazing dynamics between supplemented and control animals in terms of how they switched from the upper grazing horizon to the successive ones. In both cases, when the upper grazing horizon was heavily depleted, the subsequent horizon was being depleted by its half. Differences of preference for C3 species over C4 was observed for both treatments, but this effect was more meaningful for control animals. Grazing time never fully compensated for the decline in intake rate during depletion throughout the grazing horizons. Pasture intake declined when the animals transition from grazing the top grazing horizons to the lower horizons, irrespective of the level of supplementation. Managing the sward structure in terms of sward height will be beneficial to maximizing individual animal performance, for both C and S animals. Native grasslands paddocks with a greater C3 gasses predominance will always be preferred to C4 dominated paddocks, regardless of an eventual supplementation practice.
The role of HIV as a risk modifier for coronary endothelial function in young adults
Authors: Abd‐Elmoniem Khaled Z. , Yeramosu Teja , Purdy Julia B. , Ouwerkerk Ronald , Matta Jatin R. , Ishaq Hadjira , Hawkins Karyn , Curl Kara‐Anne , Dee Nicola , Gharib Ahmed M. , Hadigan Colleen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople living with HIV have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although coronary endothelial function (CEF) is an early direct indicator of CVD, only a few studies have been able to interrogate CEF directly. Most studies have examined vascular endothelial function through indirect assessment of brachial flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD). However, peripheral arteries are significantly larger and manifest atherogenesis differently from the coronary arteries, and so produce conflicting results. Additionally, none of these studies focused on young adults who acquired HIV perinatally or in early childhood.ObjectiveThe present study investigates CEF in a unique population of young adults with lifelong HIV using direct magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of coronary FMD (corFMD) with an in‐house developed MRI‐integrated isometric handgrip exercise system with continuous feedback and monitoring mechanisms (fmIHE).MethodsYoung adults who acquired HIV perinatally or in early childhood (n = 23) and group‐matched healthy participants (n = 12) completed corFMD‐MRI with fmIHE. CorFMD was measured as the coronary cross‐sectional area response to the fmIHE.ResultsIn univariable and multivariable regression analysis, HIV status was a significant risk modifier. CD8+ T‐cell count and smoking pack‐years and their interaction with HIV status were independently associated with impaired coronary artery response to fmIHE. In people living with HIV, corFMD was significantly inversely correlated with CD8+ T‐cells and smoking pack‐years. In a multivariable regression analysis adjusted for age and body mass index, CD8+ T‐cells and smoking and their interaction with HIV status remained significant independent predictors of coronary endothelial dysfunction.DiscussionIn this unique population of young adults, HIV status was a significant risk modifier, and immune activation and smoking were associated with decreased CEF, directly measured from the coronary vascular response to fmIHE.ConclusionsManagement of CVD risk factors such as smoking and developing strategies that target immune activation in people living with HIV are warranted.
Mutation of the TGN1412 anti‐CD28 monoclonal antibody lower hinge confers specific FcγRIIb binding and retention of super‐agonist activity
Authors: Chenoweth Alicia M , Esparon Sandra , Wines Bruce D , Schuurman Janine , Labrijn Aran F , Hogarth P Mark 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe agonistic action of several immunomodulatory monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) requires both target antigen binding and clustering of this mAb:target complex by the Fcs interacting with Fcγ receptors (FcγRs), in particular FcγRIIb, on neighboring bystander cells. Fc mutations were made in the immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)‐based TGN1412 anti‐CD28 mAb to define the role of FcγR interactions in its “super‐agonist” activity. The dual mutation, IgG4‐ED269,270AA, ablated interaction with all human FcγRs and agonistic action was consequentially lost, confirming the FcγR dependence on the action of TGN1412. The IgG4 lower hinge region (F234L235G236G237) was modified by L235E mutation (F234E235G236G237), a mutation commonly used to ablate FcγR binding, including in approved therapeutic mAbs. However, rather than ablating all FcγR binding, IgG4‐L235E conferred specific binding to FcγRIIb, the inhibitory Fc receptor. Furthermore, in combination with the core hinge‐stabilizing mutation (IgG4‐S228P, L235E), this mutation increased affinity for FcγRIIb compared with wild‐type IgG4. In addition to having FcγRIIb specificity, these engineered TGN1412 antibodies retained their super‐agonistic ability, demonstrating that CD28‐ and FcγRIIb‐specific binding are together sufficient for agonistic function. The FcγRIIb‐specific nature of IgG4‐L235E has utility for mAb‐mediated immune agonism therapies that are dependent on FcγRIIb interaction and of anti‐inflammatory mAbs in allergy and autoimmunity that harness FcγRIIb inhibitory signaling.
Time to solve persistent, pernicious and widespread nursing workforce shortages
Authors: Peters Micah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThis paper discusses four main strategies for addressing nursing shortages that have been persistent, widespread and growing. Fallout from the COVID‐19 pandemic might offer valuable impetus to address this tenacious challenge.BackgroundNursing shortages are common, widespread and have been persistent for most of a century. Many of the reasons behind these shortages are well known and are themselves enduring, as are the types of strategies put forward for addressing them. These strategies can generally be classified into four main categories: enhancing retention, improving recruitment, encouraging return to practice and drawing on international human resources. The COVID‐19 pandemic is the latest major threat to ensuring a sufficiently sized and skilled nursing workforce. Many nurses have succumbed to burnout as well the plethora of factors that predated the pandemic and have a negative impact on nurse wellbeing, turnover and intention to leave.Sources of evidenceThis discussion paper draws on international sources of evidence.Discussion/conclusionThis paper highlights how many of the factors behind and strategies for addressing nursing shortages at the local, national and global levels are widely studied and known. A sustained combination of strategies that focus both within and beyond health and nursing, including on the broader social context, is necessary. While COVID‐19 has been extremely damaging, it might present an opportunity to make sustainable, effective reforms to address nursing shortages.Implications for policyKnowledge users must recognise that a combination of approaches across the gamut of policies that influence nursing workforces is necessary to address nursing shortages. Attention must also focus on factors beyond nursing and healthcare if shortages are to be remedied.
The effectuation of seawater on the microstructural features and the compressive strength of fly ash blended cement at early and later ages
Authors: Yaseen Sarah Abduljabbar , Yiseen Ghadah Abdaljabar , Poon Chi Sun , Leung Christopher K. , Li Zongjin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe current work scrutinizes the effectuation of seawater on morphological properties, pore structure, and compressive strength during the hydration process of fly ash blended cement at 3, 7, 28, 56, and 90 days to better understand the influence of salinity conditions of seawater on the microstructural modification and strength development of the hydration products as well as the total porosity. The chemical reaction's mechanism of mightily soluble salts, for example, Mg2SO4 and NaCl, with hydrated fly ash and blended cement (calcium‐bearing phases) was also confirmed. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy has been appointed to observe and characterize the energetics of variation in the formulation of portlandite (CH), calcium silicate hydrate, gypsum (Gy), ettringite (AFt), and calcium chloroaluminate (Friedel's salt [FS]) throughout the hydration process of fly ash blended cement with seawater in comparison with deionized water. X‐ray diffraction analysis exposed that the peak intensities of FS, portlandite, and some particular phases of the hydrated fly ash blended cement in seawater are higher and sharper than the comparable peaks in deionized water. Mercury intrusion porosimetry‐measurements have been appointed that the total porosity of artificial seawater (ASW) was decreased from 28.9% at 3 days to 19.4% at 56 days. In addition, the average, median, and critical pore diameter were decreased in ASW while compared to deionized water (DIW). The reaction products of this work were also characterized using scanning electron microscopy, EDS, compressive strength, and isothermal calorimeter.
The biogeography and evolution of land ownership
Authors: Haynie Hannah J. , Kushnick Geoff , Kavanagh Patrick H. , Ember Carol R. , Bowern Claire , Low Bobbi S. , Tuff Ty , Vilela Bruno , Kirby Kathryn R. , Botero Carlos A. , Gavin Michael C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimLand ownership norms are well documented and play a central role in social–ecological systems. Yet only recently has the spatial and temporal distribution of land ownership been examined using biogeographical and evolutionary approaches. We incorporate biogeographical and evolutionary modelling to test associations between land ownership and environmental, subsistence and cultural contact predictors.LocationAfrica.TaxonBantu and Bantoid ethnolinguistic groups (73 societies).MethodsBased on ethnographies for 73 societies, we coded land ownership norms as none, group, kin or individual. We paired these data with language phylogenies, and measured phylogenetic and geographical signal and modelled alternative evolutionary trajectories using maximum likelihood methods. We tested the influence of environmental, subsistence and cultural predictors on spatial variation in land ownership, using a multi‐model inference approach based on logistic regression.ResultsBantu land ownership norms likely evolved on a unilinear trajectory (i.e. societies progress or regress along a series of ownership types), but not one requiring consistent increase in exclusivity (i.e. restrictions towards ownership by smaller groups) as suggested by prior theory. Our biogeographical analyses suggest land ownership is more likely where neighbours also own land and resource productivity is predictable. Reliance on agriculture has relatively small effect sizes and low importance in the model.Main ConclusionsWe find support for multiple evolutionary pathways. Lack of resolution may be due to localized horizontal transfer of norms consistent with the influence of neighbours we find from biogeographical analyses. We cannot rule out other untested mechanisms. Although long‐standing theories propose links between subsistence practices and land ownership, our results suggest subsistence plays only a modest role. Our results also support resource defensibility theory (i.e. land ownership is more likely where environmental productivity is predictable). Overall, we demonstrate the value of combining analytical approaches from evolution and biogeography to test hypotheses on the spatial and temporal variation of human cultural traits.
An overview of the role of carboxytherapy in dermatology
Authors: Bagherani Nooshin , Smoller Bruce R. , Tavoosidana Gholamreza , Ghanadan Alireza , Wollina Uwe , Lotti Torello 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCarboxytherapy is defined as intradermal and/or subcutaneous microinjections of sterile purified carbon dioxide into different parts of the body for therapeutic aims. The vasodilatation effect and intradermal collagen reorganization associated with carboxytherapy have advantages for aesthetic dermatology and cosmetology.ObjectiveIn the current article, we have reviewed some of the most important indications of this modality in dermatology and aesthetic dermatology.MethodOur review is a narrative one which has gathered some of the most important indications of carboxytherapy in dermatology and cosmetology.ResultsCarboxytherapy has successfully been applied for some dermatologic and cosmetic conditions among which skin aging, cellulite, localized fat deposits, striae distensae, infraorbital hyperpigmentation, scar, lymphedema, androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, psoriasis, morphea, and vitiligo are the most important.ConclusionCarboxytherapy can be considered as a safe, minimally‐invasive modality used for rejuvenation, restoration, and recondition of the skin.
Religiosity, sexual behaviors, sexual motivations, and gender: A three‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Hanna‐Walker Veronica , Walters Tracy L. , Wesche Rose , Leavitt Chelom E. , Lefkowitz Eva S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLongitudinal data are critical for examining associations of religiosity with sexual behaviors and motivations during college. We use hierarchical linear modeling on five semesters of data from a diverse sample of college students (N = 735) to examine within‐ and between‐person associations between religious service attendance and importance of religion and sexual behaviors and motivations for and against sex and consider gender as a moderator. Between‐person religiosity was associated with sexual behaviors and motivations whereas within‐person religiosity was not. Students' sexual motivations co‐varied across semesters with their religious service attendance and importance of religion. Our results indicated more restrictive associations between religiosity and sexual motivations for women than for men.
Jesus and Dogs: Or How to Command a Friend?
Authors: Bowlin John R. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTReligious ethics, like its sibling, religious studies, emerged out of the divinity schools and theological seminaries in the mid‐20th century. Many years have now passed since these academic disciplines have secured independent standing in universities and colleges, independent from their theological beginnings. The time seems right, then, to ask what theological inquiry might gain from religious ethics and what religious ethics might look like when done in a theological mode. Reflection on the manumission scene in the 15th chapter of John's gospel, on the exegetical puzzles it poses, offers one possible example of these gains and this mode.
Noncausal affine processes with applications to derivative pricing
Authors: Gouriéroux Christian , Lu Yang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLinear factor models, where the factors are affine processes, play a key role in Finance, since they allow for quasi‐closed form expressions of the term structure of risks. We introduce the class of noncausal affine linear factor models by considering factors that are affine in reverse time. These models are especially relevant for pricing sequences of speculative bubbles. We show that they feature nonaffine dynamics in calendar time, while still providing (quasi) closed form term structures and derivative pricing formulas. The framework is illustrated with term structure of interest rates and European call option pricing examples.
Gene expression differentiation in the reproductive tissues of Drosophila willistoni subspecies and their hybrids
Authors: Ranz José M. , Go Alwyn C. , González Pablo M. , Clifton Bryan D. , Gomes Suzanne , Jaberyzadeh Amirali , Woodbury Amanda , Chan Carolus , Gandasetiawan Kania A. , Jayasekera Suvini , Gaudreau Chelsea , Ma Hsiu‐Ching , Salceda Victor M. , Abreu‐Goodger Cei , Civetta Alberto 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEarly lineage diversification is central to understand what mutational events drive species divergence. Particularly, gene misregulation in interspecific hybrids can inform about what genes and pathways underlie hybrid dysfunction. In Drosophila hybrids, how regulatory evolution impacts different reproductive tissues remains understudied. Here, we generate a new genome assembly and annotation in Drosophila willistoni and analyse the patterns of transcriptome divergence between two allopatrically evolved D. willistoni subspecies, their male sterile and female fertile hybrid progeny across testis, male accessory gland, and ovary. Patterns of transcriptome divergence and modes of regulatory evolution were tissue‐specific. Despite no indication for cell‐type differences in hybrid testis, this tissue exhibited the largest magnitude of expression differentiation between subspecies and between parentals and hybrids. No evidence for anomalous dosage compensation in hybrid male tissues was detected nor was a differential role for the neo‐ and the ancestral arms of the D. willistoni X chromosome. Compared to the autosomes, the X chromosome appeared enriched for transgressively expressed genes in testis despite being the least differentiated in expression between subspecies. Evidence for fine genome clustering of transgressively expressed genes suggests a role of chromatin structure on hybrid gene misregulation. Lastly, transgressively expressed genes in the testis of the sterile male progeny were enriched for GO terms not typically associated with sperm function, instead hinting at anomalous development of the reproductive tissue. Our thorough tissue‐level portrait of transcriptome differentiation between recently diverged D. willistoni subspecies and their hybrids provides a more nuanced view of early regulatory changes during speciation.
How identity is produced and experienced in the context of mandated community‐based mental health care: An application of the theories of Grosz and Foucault
Authors: Jager Fiona , Perron Amélie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite changes to research and practice, that, to some degree, acknowledge that people are shaped by their contexts, the treatment of mental illness remains largely focused on interventions that take place at the level of the individual. Conceptualizing mental illness as something that resides in individuals can lead to reliance on neurobiological and psychotherapeutic solutions, and away from conversations about not only contextual causes of mental distress, but also sociopolitical solutions to mental distress. Further, it can lead to the use of mental health interventions that focus on the biology of an individual without a consideration for how those interventions themselves may have psychological, social, or political consequences that act to shape an individual's identity, agency, and relationship to their community. This paper examines one medicolegal intervention, the community treatment order, using the philosophical work of Grosz and Foucault to consider how this intervention affects the experience and construction of identity, and the impact of this on an individual's sense of agential membership in a community. This discussion aims to increase understanding of the individual and social implications of interventions for mental illness, and provide a conceptualization of the relationship between identity, agency, and ethics which can inform critical research and nursing practice more broadly.