bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer therapy and reproductive impact
Authors: Feldberg Dov , Purandare Nikhil 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAll patients where the cancer treatment has gonadotoxic potential should be referred for oncofertility advice. The effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on the human ovary can vary from no impact to full‐blown premature ovarian failure due to hormonal and follicular depletion. Total contraindications to fertility cryopreservation include acute malignancy that requires immediate lifesaving therapy. In prepubertal girls, the only option for urgent fertility preservation is ovarian tissue cryopreservation. Prepubertal testicular tissue cryopreservation is experimental.
Self‐Efficacy Throughout Higher Education: A Latent Growth Analysis
Authors: Vieira Diana Aguiar , Alves Regina F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAs students progress through university, they are simultaneously preparing for their professional lives alongside their academic learning. The transition from university studies to the labour market is a process that begins in education and continues after graduation until graduates have adapted to their working roles. Preparing to work requires that students conclude their studies and face several challenges posed by job searching and adaptation to the role of a worker. Previous research indicates that self‐efficacy may contribute to success in academic performance and positive work‐related outcomes after graduation. Using a three‐wave longitudinal design, this study explores the academic and transition‐to‐work self‐efficacy developmental trajectories of university students. Multivariate latent growth analysis was conducted on two cohorts of 204 and 261 undergraduates, respectively. The results indicate that academic and transition‐to‐work self‐efficacy increased over time in both cohorts. Additionally, initial academic self‐efficacy and its change positively predicted the initial transition‐to‐work self‐efficacy and its change, respectively. This study contributes to the understanding of the interconnectedness between academic and transition‐to‐work self‐efficacy trajectories. Implications for practice, limitations and future research are also discussed.
Porous carbon from ZnCl2‐activated biomass: Catalytic performance and structural insights in ORR
Authors: Khan Salman , Yang Zhen , Yang Shouhua , Tang Ying , Guo Xuhong , Yu Feng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe advancement of metal‐air battery and fuel cell technologies depends on finding out of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts with higher efficiency. The RH‐900/ZnCl2 catalyst, which is activated by ZnCl2 and produced from biomass, shows superior ORR activity compared with commercial Pt/C catalysts, with half‐wave potentials of 0.89 V. Nanoparticles of ZnO and SiO2 as well as nitrogen doping, combined with the porous carbon structure, produce this improved performance. The combination enhances the ORR's active site density and enhances electron transfer efficiency. Function groups that facilitate proton transfer and structural stability are shown by Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared studies, which also show an excellent combination of ordered graphitic and disordered carbon structures and BET analysis confirms a high porous surface area of 1134.82 m2/g. Important for enhancing conductivity and catalytic activity, XPS studies reveal the existence of silicon, oxygen, zinc, and nitrogen species. FE‐SEM and HRTEM analyses reveal a carbon matrix that is extremely porous and contains ZnO and SiO2 nanoparticles that are uniformly distributed. Based on the results of the electrochemical tests, RH‐900/ZnCl2 is the best ORR catalyst easily accessible with superior stability and resistance to methanol poisoning compared with RH‐900 and commercial Pt/C catalysts. These features placed RH‐900/ZnCl2 unique as a potential long‐term replacement for standard Pt‐based catalysts in ORR applications within energy conversion and storage devices.
CD44/Integrin β1 Association Drives Fast Motility on Hyaluronic Acid Substrates
Authors: Roy Tanusri , Dutta Sarbajeet , Ghosh Swetlana , Sthanam Lakshmi Kavitha , Sen Shamik 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn addition to proteins such as collagen (Col) and fibronectin, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is enriched with bulky proteoglycan molecules such as hyaluronic acid (HA). However, how ECM proteins and proteoglycans collectively regulate cellular processes has not been adequately explored. Here, we address this question by studying cytoskeletal and focal adhesion organization and dynamics on cells cultured on polyacrylamide hydrogels functionalized with Col, HA and a combination of Col and HA (Col/HA). We show that fastest migration on HA substrates is attributed to the presence of smaller and weaker focal adhesions. Integrin 1 co‐localization and its association with CD44—which is the receptor for HA, and insensitivity of cell spreading to RGD on HA substrates suggests that focal adhesions on HA substrates are formed via integrin association with HA bound CD44. Consistent with this, adhesion formation and cell motility were inhibited when CD44 was knocked out. Collectively, our results suggest that association of integrin 1 with CD44 drives fast motility on HA substrates.
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Mediates the Causal Effect of Genetically Predicted Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis on Spinal Stenosis: Evidence From a Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Shen Yanzhu , Jiang Yankun , Jiang Ruichen , Huang Yanjun , Zhan Sizheng , Wang Yuming , Tang Xiangsheng , Yi Ping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious studies have noted an association between diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and spinal stenosis (SS), although causation is unclear. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between the two.MethodsWe utilized large GWAS datasets on DISH and SS to perform a two‐sample, bidirectional MR analysis, also quantifying the mediating role of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was the primary approach used to estimate the causal effect size. To ensure the reliability of MR results, we conducted heterogeneity tests, horizontal pleiotropy tests, and the MR‐PRESSO test.ResultsThe random‐effects IVW method indicated that genetically predicted DISH was associated with an increased risk of SS (OR: 1.432; 95% CI: 1.097–1.868; p = 0.008), and this association remained significant in the validation dataset (OR: 1.444; 95% CI: 1.208–1.725; p < 0.001). Mediation analysis in homogeneous populations showed that IDD partially mediates the causal effect of DISH on SS, with a mediation ratio of 38.39% (95% CI: 2.66–74.13). Sensitivity analyses supported our conclusions.ConclusionsThis study provides causal evidence that genetically determined DISH is associated with an increased risk of SS, with IDD acting as a partial mediator. These findings underscore the importance of spine‐protective behaviors and early IDD prevention strategies in patients with DISH to mitigate SS risk.
Heterogeneity in the use of osseous risk factors and limited use of relevant patient‐reported outcome measurements in studies investigating treatment of patellar dislocation: A scoping review
Authors: Rahdi Ebrahim , Malmberg Catarina Anna Evelina , Witten Adam , Jørgensen Tue Smith , Yahya Rafal , Blønd Lars , Hölmich Per , Barfod Kristoffer Weisskirchner 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeThe treatment of patellar dislocation is tailored based on the presence or absence of osseous risk factors. The purpose of this scoping review was to investigate whether existing research addresses patient differences by mapping the use of osseous risk factors and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) in studies investigating the treatment of patellar dislocation.MethodsThis study was a scoping review conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis extension for Scoping Reviews. Studies published between 1 January 2013 and 3 April 2023 were included if they investigated the treatment of patellar dislocation and registered osseous risk factor(s). Case series with fewer than 10 patients, reviews and meta‐analyses were excluded.ResultsA total of 8923 records were identified, of which 1007 articles underwent full‐text screening, and 300 met the inclusion criteria. A twofold increase in articles investigating patellar dislocation treatment was observed between the years 2013 and 2022. This review identified 176 osseous risk factors and 56 PROMs. Among the included articles, 131 (44%) utilized osseous risk factors as in‐ or exclusion criteria, and 26 (9%) employed a PROM specifically developed for patellar instability evaluation. The most frequently investigated treatment was medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (231 articles, 77%), followed by tibial tubercle osteotomies (87 articles, 29%).ConclusionThere is considerable heterogeneity among studies investigating the treatment of patellar dislocation. Less than half of studies define the patient population according to osseous risk factors, and only 1 in 10 studies use a PROM designed for patellar dislocation. This complicates the evaluation of treatment effects in relation to osseous risk factors.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
A Rare Sequela of Untreated Streptococcus Pharyngitis: A Case Report
Authors: Lehoe Meredith Hiltbrand , Cushing Emily 
Published: January 2025

Pharyngitis is commonly caused by the gram positive bacteria, streptococcus. Given the potential morbid complications of untreated streptococcal pharyngitis, antibiotics are critical. One of the rarer complications is pulmonary‐renal syndrome (PRS), defined as rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. PRS is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, making swift diagnosis and treatment imperative for survival. More common causes of PRS are tied to autoimmune diseases. This case describes a novel progression of PRS caused by streptococcus.A 26‐year‐old male with no significant medical history presented to our emergency department with streptococcal group A‐positive sore throat. After discontinuing amoxicillin due to pruritus, the patient returned one month later with persisting hematuria and dysuria, diagnosed with post‐streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Despite receiving another antibiotic prescription, it was not filled. He returned six days later with worsening symptoms, leading to ICU admission due to hemoptysis requiring subsequent intubation. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage was confirmed with bronchial washings. Negative autoimmune laboratory results and clinical symptoms suggest streptococcal pharyngitis induced pulmonary‐renal syndrome.Although only the sixth case of streptococcal induced PRS, it is imperative to consider when treating patients with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, due to its possible mortality. Prompt recognition and treatment with pulse steroids and plasmapheresis is crucial for PRS resolution. Laryngoscope, 2025
Impact of Slope Cutoff Factor on Soil Erosion Estimates: A Hilltop Mine‐Based Comparative Geospatial Study
Authors: Rohit Thappitla Srinivas , Villuri Vasantha Govind Kumar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe task of soil erosion estimation received a significant push by integrating remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS) with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) in the early 1990s due to its ease of applicability. The Topographic (LS) factor played a quintessential role in soil loss determination, especially for undulating regions. In most worldwide soil erosion studies, the topographic factor extracted from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using “LS equations” failed to account for the varying slopes before the material joins a stream or a river. In this study, the slope length (L) and slope steepness factor (S) derived without and with the slope cutoff factor are compared and analyzed for a hilltop mine. The results reflect that the LS factor and, ultimately, soil erosion are over‐estimated owing to the absence of any limits on the slope length (L) factor in undulating terrains when used conventionally in a GIS environment. The mean soil erosion estimated with slope cutoff factor is 252.26 ton ha−1 year−1, whereas 332.81 ton ha−1 year−1 in the conventional application of the same LS equation. The overestimation of soil erosion was reduced by 35% as per the volume‐based validation study. Thus, the study proves the usefulness of the slope cutoff factor, which, to date, has mostly been neglected in soil loss research and soil erosion studies for undulating terrains. The pattern of soil erosion also highlights the negating impact of vegetation on steep slopes, cementing their role as Nature based Solution (NbS) for soil erosion by dynamic landscapes like Mines.
Reproductive Physiology and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Testicular Development and Spermatogenesis in Echinoderms: A Marine Invertebrate Deuterostomes
Authors: Li Ziming , Yang Yujia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEchinoderms exhibit a wide range of reproductive strategies as adaptations to variable environments. The processes of gonadal development, germ cell differentiation, and spermatogenesis in echinoderms are crucial physiological processes that warrant further in‐depth exploration. This review systematically summarizes research from early basic sciences to recent studies on male gonadal development and spermatogenesis, encompassing morphology, histology, physiology, cell biology, developmental biology, and evolutionary biology. We introduce the structural and cellular similarities and differences among model or non‐model organisms from five classes of echinoderms to provide insights for future comparative research between higher vertebrates and lower organisms. The regulatory systems involved in echinoderm spermatogenesis are described from various aspects including nutritional supply, environmental factors, neurological influences, endocrinological influences, and hormonal influences. This article aims to elucidate gonadal development and spermatogenesis in echinoderms—organisms at unique evolutionary nodes—providing valuable materials for studying adaptive evolution and developmental biology. Additionally, a comprehensive summary of characterized genes and gene markers associated with testes development and spermatogenesis is provided as useful information for future systematic studies on cell subpopulations. Future studies can focus on molecular changes associated with chromatin remodeling during germ cell development, cellular differentiation, and intercellular communication mediated by receptor‐ligand interactions, to further our understanding of biological processes and regulatory networks involved in echinoderm gonadal development and spermatogenesis.
Phantom‐based gradient waveform measurements with compensated variable‐prephasing: Description and application to EPI at 7 T
Authors: Scholten Hannah , Wech Tobias , Homolya Istvan , Köstler Herbert 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeIntroducing compensated variable‐prephasing (CVP), a phantom‐based method for gradient waveform measurements. The technique is based on the variable‐prephasing (VP) method, but takes into account the effects of all gradients involved in the measurement.MethodsWe conducted measurements of a trapezoidal test gradient and of an EPI readout gradient train with three approaches: VP, CVP, and fully compensated variable‐prephasing (FCVP). We compared them to one another and to predictions based on the gradient system transfer function. Furthermore, we used the measured and predicted EPI gradients for trajectory corrections in phantom images on a 7 T scanner.ResultsThe VP gradient measurements are confounded by lingering oscillations of the prephasing gradients, which are compensated in the CVP and FCVP measurements. FCVP is vulnerable to a sign asymmetry in the gradient chain. However, the trajectories determined by all three methods resulted in comparably high EPI image quality.ConclusionWe present a new approach allowing for phantom‐based gradient waveform measurements with high precision, which can be useful for trajectory corrections in non‐Cartesian or single‐shot imaging techniques. In our experimental setup, the proposed “compensated variable‐prephasing” method provided the most reliable gradient measurements of the different techniques we compared.
Enhanced detection of glutamate via transverse relaxation encoding with narrowband decoupling in the human brain
Authors: An Li , Hong Sungtak , Turon Tara , Pavletic Adriana , Johnson Christopher S. , Derbyshire John A. , Shen Jun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to improve the detection of glutamate (Glu) concentration and T2 using an enhanced transverse relaxation encoding with narrowband decoupling (TREND) technique.MethodsA new editing pulse was designed to simultaneously invert both Glu H3 spins (2.12 ppm and 2.05 ppm) while minimizing the excitation of Glu H4. Additionally, a frequency band was created to invert the lactate (Lac) H2 spin (4.10 ppm) while saturating the NAA aspartyl H2 spin (4.38 ppm). Numerical simulations compared Glu and Lac signals using the original and new editing pulses. In vivo experiments were conducted on healthy participants at 7 T to validate this enhanced TREND technique.ResultsNumerical simulations showed prominently enhanced Glu and Lac resonance signals with the new editing pulse. In vivo spectra showed a 47% ± 14% increase in Glu/Cr peak amplitude ratios with the new editing pulse. Using the enhanced TREND sequence, Glu/Cr concentration ratios in the anterior cingulate cortex were 1.03 ± 0.07 with Cramer‐Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) of 1.1% ± 0.1%, and Glu T2 values were 179 ± 18 ms with CRLBs of 1.2% ± 0.1%. The Lac/Cr concentration ratios in the same voxels were 0.05 ± 0.01 with CRLBs of 26% ± 14%, and Lac T2 values were 196 ± 23 ms with CRLBs of 22% ± 15%.ConclusionThe new editing pulse significantly enhanced the detection of Glu and enabled the detection of Lac using TREND for measuring both the concentration and T2 of the markers of oxidative metabolism and glycolysis.
Generalizable, sequence‐invariant deep learning image reconstruction for subspace‐constrained quantitative MRI
Authors: Hu Zheyuan , Chen Zihao , Cao Tianle , Lee Hsu‐Lei , Xie Yibin , Li Debiao , Christodoulou Anthony G. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeTo develop a deep subspace learning network that can function across different pulse sequences.MethodsA contrast‐invariant component‐by‐component (CBC) network structure was developed and compared against previously reported spatiotemporal multicomponent (MC) structure for reconstructing MR Multitasking images. A total of 130, 167, and 16 subjects were imaged using T1, T1‐T2, and T1‐T2‐ ‐fat fraction (FF) mapping sequences, respectively. We compared CBC and MC networks in matched‐sequence experiments (same sequence for training and testing), then examined their cross‐sequence performance and generalizability by unmatched‐sequence experiments (different sequences for training and testing). A “universal” CBC network was also evaluated using mixed‐sequence training (combining data from all three sequences). Evaluation metrics included image normalized root mean squared error and Bland–Altman analyses of end‐diastolic maps, both versus iteratively reconstructed references.ResultsThe proposed CBC showed significantly better normalized root mean squared error than MC in both matched‐sequence and unmatched‐sequence experiments (p < 0.001), fewer structural details in quantitative error maps, and tighter limits of agreement. CBC was more generalizable than MC (smaller performance loss; p = 0.006 in T1 and p < 0.001 in T1‐T2 from matched‐sequence testing to unmatched‐sequence testing) and additionally allowed training of a single universal network to reconstruct images from any of the three pulse sequences. The mixed‐sequence CBC network performed similarly to matched‐sequence CBC in T1 (p = 0.178) and T1‐T2 (p = 0121), where training data were plentiful, and performed better in T1‐T2‐‐FF (p < 0.001) where training data were scarce.ConclusionContrast‐invariant learning of spatial features rather than spatiotemporal features improves performance and generalizability, addresses data scarcity, and offers a pathway to universal supervised deep subspace learning.
Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase‐9 Predicts Intraoperative Experience and Extent of Resection in Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery
Authors: Nguyen Han T.N. , Macielak Robert J. , Zhang Lisa , Adunka Oliver F. , Wu Kyle C. , Ren Yin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the predictive value of plasma matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) level in determining the extent of tumor resection (EOR) and tumor adherence in vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery.Study DesignProspective cohort study.SettingAcademic referral center.MethodsPlasma and tumor samples were prospectively collected from patients with nonradiated, sporadic VS undergoing microsurgical resection from July 2022 to June 2023. Plasma MMP‐9 levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and their association with tumor adherence and postoperative outcomes were evaluated.ResultsThirty‐three patients undergoing microsurgical resection agreed to participate (15 females, median age 54 years old, median tumor size 26.7 mm). A gross total resection (GTR) was performed in 18 patients (55%), and a near‐total (NTR)/subtotal resection (STR) in 15 (45%). Tumor size was not significantly different between the GTR and NTR/STR groups (20.7 vs 24.8 mm, P= .185). Intraoperatively, a larger fraction of NTR/STR tumors were highly adherent to the brainstem and/or cranial nerves (93% vs 56%, P = .015). Preoperative plasma MMP‐9 was higher in patients who underwent an NTR/STR compared to a GTR (229.9 vs 131.2ng/mL, P = .007). On multivariable logistic regression, preoperative plasma MMP‐9 strongly predicted EOR by receiver operating characteristic analysis (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.77 P = .008). Combining plasma MMP‐9 and age was an excellent predictor of EOR (AUC = 0.91, P = .0001).ConclusionPlasma MMP‐9 levels strongly predicted intraoperative tumor adherence and postoperative extent of resection. This could provide crucial preoperative insights into surgical difficulty, potential complications, and the likelihood of gross total tumor removal, enhancing informed decision‐making for both physicians/surgeons and patients.
Improvement of the Oxidative Stability of CeO2‐Dispersed Hydrocarbon‐Based Polyvinyl Alcohol Cross‐Linked‐Polybenzoxazine as a Proton‐Exchange Membrane
Authors: Senthil Theerthagiri , Rachman Ihsan Budi , Islam Md Shoriful , Hanantyo Muhammad Pramaditya Garry , Song Sun‐Ju 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study introduces a simple technique for producing ceria nanoparticle‐dispersed polyvinyl alcohol/sulfonated‐polybenzoxazine (CeO2@PVA/poly S‐BZ) composite membranes and examines their physicochemical, thermochemical, and electrochemical properties. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) was utilized to analyze the surface and cross‐sectional morphology of the produced polymer and polymer nanocomposite membranes. The objective is to create a membrane with improved oxidative stability, ionic conductivity, and mechanical durability for fuel cell applications. The composite membranes' production was validated via Fourier‐transform infrared and thermogravimetric studies. The CeO2@PVA/poly S‐BZ nanocomposite membrane demonstrated a proton conductivity of 1.72 × 10−2 S/cm at 80°C, whereas the pristine PVA/poly S‐BZ membrane showed a conductivity of 3.266 × 10−2 S/cm at the same temperature. Analysis of temperature‐dependent proton conductivity via an Arrhenius plot indicated that the membrane's proton‐transport mechanism likely encompasses both Grotthuss and vehicular processes. The 1 wt% CeO2@PVA/poly S‐BZ nanocomposite membranes exhibited remarkable oxidative stability, with merely 65.5% breakdown following 24 h of exposure to a Fenton reagent at 80°C.