bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A score that predicts aquaporin‐4 IgG positivity in patients with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis
Authors: Campetella Lucia , Papi Claudia , Spagni Gregorio , Sabatelli Eleonora , Mariotto Sara , Gastaldi Matteo , Masi Gianvito , Carta Sara , Ahmad Lara , Rossi Francesca , Maniscalco Giorgia Teresa , De Luca Giovanna , Iorio Raffaele 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeLongitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) associated with aquaporin‐4 autoantibodies (AQP4‐IgG) can cause severe disability. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are critical to prevent relapses. A novel score is described based on clinical and neuroimaging characteristics that predicts AQP4‐IgG positivity in patients with LETM.MethodsPatients were enrolled both retrospectively and prospectively from multiple Italian centers. Clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of AQP4‐IgG positive and negative patients were compared through univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsSixty‐six patients were included. Twenty‐seven (41%) were AQP4‐IgG positive and median age at onset was 45.5 years (range 19–81, interquartile range 24). Female sex (odds ratio [OR] 17.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.6–381.9; p = 0.014), tonic spasms (OR 45.6, 95% CI 3.1–2197; p = 0.017) and lesion hypointensity on T1‐weighted images (OR 52.9, 95% CI 6.8–1375; p = 0.002) were independently associated with AQP4‐IgG positivity. The AQP4‐IgG positivity in myelitis (AIM) score predicted AQP4‐IgG positivity with 85% sensitivity and 95% specificity. Positive and negative likelihood ratios were 16.6 and 0.2 respectively. The inter‐rater and intra‐rater agreement in the score application were both excellent.ConclusionsThe AIM score predicts AQP4‐IgG positivity with good sensitivity and specificity in patients with a first episode of LETM. The score may assist clinicians in early diagnosis and treatment of AQP4‐IgG positive LETM.
Impacts of methotrexate on survival, dendrite development, and synapse formation of cortical neurons
Authors: Yamamura Mai , Hanamura Kenji , Koganezawa Noriko , Furubayashi Senami , Shirao Tomoaki , Kawabe Hiroshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMethotrexate (MTX) is an anti‐metabolite that has been used for the treatment of patients of acute lymphocytic leukemia or non‐Hodgikin lymphoma for decades. In some cases, MTX‐treated patients suffer from neurological side effects, including seizures and cognitive dysfunctions. While most patients are at developmental stages, information of the mechanisms of the side effects of MTX treatment on the developing neurons has been limited. Neurons develop in five steps in the human brain: neurogenesis, polarity formation, dendrite and axon development, synapse formation, and neuronal death. Except for neurogenesis, these processes can be recapitulated in the primary culture system of cortical neurons. Using primary cultured cortical neurons, we studied the impact of MTX treatment on dendrite development, synapse formation, and neuronal death in the present report. MTX treatment impaired neuronal survival, dendrite development, and synapse formation. Interestingly, half maximal effective concentrations (EC50s) of MTX for all three processes are at the similar range and lower than the MTX concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid in treated patients. Our results provide possible mechanisms of neurological side effects in treated patients.
Effect of demand uncertainty on omnichannel distribution network design strategies
Authors: Bilir Canser 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo investigate the effect of uncertain demand on various omnichannel distribution network strategies and analyze the impacts of various online order fulfillment policies, a two‐staged network optimization model is built. The two stages are a deterministic model to define the optimal distribution network and a simulation model to determine the optimal network flow to maximize the total profit for a given distribution network and online order fulfillment policy. This study shows the importance of taking demand uncertainty, requested delivery time, and customer service level (CSL) into account in designing an omnichannel distribution network. The results of the simulation model indicate that shipments from warehouse (SFW) and hybrid strategies more successfully cope with variation because there is a greater profit decline in shipments from store (SFS) strategies. The results also show that applying a dynamic assignment policy plays an important role in handling variation in demand. The study shows that, as demand uncertainty and CSL increase, having products available in central repositories becomes even more important to cope with demand variation. The study also indicates SFS strategies that seem more profitable in the assumed‐to‐be deterministic model might be misleading because SFS strategies become less profitable (compared to SFW strategies) when demand uncertainty is taken into account.
Soluble Sema4D cleaved from osteoclast precursors by TACE suppresses osteoblastogenesis
Authors: Ishii Takenobu , Ruiz‐Torruella Montserrat , Kim Jae Young , Kanzaki Hiroyuki , Albassam Abdullah , Wisitrasameewong Wichaya , Shindo Satoru , Pierrelus Roodelyne , Heidari Alireza , Kandalam Umadevi , Nakamura Shin , Movila Alexandru , Minond Dmitriy , Kawai Toshihisa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBone remodelling is mediated by orchestrated communication between osteoclasts and osteoblasts which, in part, is regulated by coupling and anti‐coupling factors. Amongst formally known anti‐coupling factors, Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D), produced by osteoclasts, plays a key role in downmodulating osteoblastogenesis. Sema4D is produced in both membrane‐bound and soluble forms; however, the mechanism responsible for producing sSema4D from osteoclasts is unknown. Sema4D, TACE and MT1‐MMP are all expressed on the surface of RANKL‐primed osteoclast precursors. However, only Sema4D and TACE were colocalized, not Sema4D and MT1‐MMP. When TACE and MT1‐MMP were either chemically inhibited or suppressed by siRNA, TACE was found to be more engaged in shedding Sema4D. Anti‐TACE‐mAb inhibited sSema4D release from osteoclast precursors by ~90%. Supernatant collected from osteoclast precursors (OC‐sup) suppressed osteoblastogenesis from MC3T3‐E1 cells, as measured by alkaline phosphatase activity, but OC‐sup harvested from the osteoclast precursors treated with anti‐TACE‐mAb restored osteoblastogenesis activity in a manner that compensates for diminished sSema4D. Finally, systemic administration of anti‐TACE‐mAb downregulated the generation of sSema4D in the mouse model of critical‐sized bone defect, whereas local injection of recombinant sSema4D to anti‐TACE‐mAb‐treated defect upregulated local osteoblastogenesis. Therefore, a novel pathway is proposed whereby TACE‐mediated shedding of Sema4D expressed on the osteoclast precursors generates functionally active sSema4D to suppress osteoblastogenesis.
Categorical and dimensional approaches to the developmental relationship between ADHD and irritability
Authors: Johns‐Mead Rania , Vijayakumar Nandita , Mulraney Melissa , Melvin Glenn , Youssef George , Sciberras Emma , Anderson Vicki A. , Nicholson Jan M. , Efron Daryl , Hazel Philip , Silk Tim J. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and irritability commonly co‐occur, and follow similar developmental trajectories from childhood to adolescence. Understanding of the developmental relationship between these co‐occurrences is limited. This study provides a longitudinal assessment of how ADHD diagnostic status and symptom patterns predict change in irritability.MethodsA community sample of 337 participants (45.2% ADHD), recruited for the Childhood Attention Project, completed the Affective Reactivity Index (ARI) to measure irritability at baseline (mean age 10.5 years) and follow‐up after 18‐months. Latent change score models were used to assess how (a) baseline ADHD vs. control group status, (b) baseline symptom domain (inattention, hyperactivity–impulsivity) and (c) longitudinal change in ADHD symptom severity predicted change in irritability.ResultsIrritability was significantly higher among the ADHD group than controls; however, change in irritability over time did not differ between groups. When assessed across the entire cohort, change in irritability was predicted by higher symptom count in the hyperactive–impulsive domain, but not the inattentive domain. Greater declines in ADHD symptoms over time significantly predicted greater declines in irritability. Baseline ADHD symptom severity was found to significantly predict change in irritability; however, baseline irritability did not significantly predict change in ADHD symptoms.ConclusionsADHD symptoms—particularly hyperactive–impulsive symptoms—predict the degree and trajectory of irritability during childhood and adolescence, even when symptoms are below diagnostic thresholds. The use of longitudinal, dimensional and symptom domain‐specific measures provides additional insight into this relationship.
The relationship between the pharmacist's role, patient understanding and satisfaction during the provision of a cost‐effective pharmacist‐led intervention
Authors: Manfrin Andrea 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRationale, Aims and ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the pharmacist's role, patient understanding and satisfaction during the provision of a cost‐effective pharmacist‐led intervention using structural equation modelling (SEM). SEM is a group of statistical techniques used in different disciplines to model latent variables and evaluate theories.MethodsA validated questionnaire was used to gather patient views on a pharmacist‐led intervention. A conceptual model was developed to test the statistical significance of the relationship between patient understanding and satisfaction, the pharmacist's role and patient understanding, the pharmacist's role and patient satisfaction. In addition, the study evaluated the model's in‐sample and out‐of‐sample predictive power. The analysis tested fours hypotheses (H): 1) There was no significant relationship between patient understanding and patient satisfaction; 2) There was no significant relationship between the pharmacist's role and patient understanding; 3) There was no significant relationship between the pharmacist's role and patient satisfaction; 4) The in‐sample and out‐of‐sample predictive power of the model. Data were analysed using Smart‐PLS software version 3.2.8.ResultsTwo hundred and forty‐six patients returned the questionnaire. Construct reliability, validity (Cronbach's alpha〉0.70, ⍴A>0.70, ⍴C>0.70), average extracted variance (AVE〉0.50) and discriminant validity (HTMT<0.85) were confirmed. The structural model and hypothesis testing results showed that all hypotheses were supported in this study. Path coefficients and effect sizes suggested that the pharmacist's role played a significant part in patient understanding (H2, β=0.650, f2=0.730, p<0.001), which then influenced patient satisfaction (H1, β=0.474, f2=0.222, p<0.001). The in‐sample and out‐of‐sample predictive powers were moderate.ConclusionsPatient satisfaction is becoming an integral component in healthcare provision and evaluation of healthcare quality. The results support using structural equation modelling to assess the link between the pharmacist's role and patient understanding and satisfaction when delivering cost‐effective pharmacist‐led interventions.
Racism and the mechanisms maintaining racial stratification in Black families
Authors: Williams Deadric T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStructural racism is central for understanding Black families, but structural racism has not been central to quantitative research on Black families. Instead, research on Black families has disproportionately used deficit frameworks and race‐neutral explanations that misrepresent the reality of Black families. For the current commentary, I begin with a straightforward question: why are scholars still grappling with the role of White supremacy in family science? To address this question, I contend that family science needs a more nuanced theoretical perspective on Black families that adequately addresses the association between racism and race. I offer a novel conceptual model for the study of Black family inequality. I take racism and the social construction of race seriously by focusing on the making, the maintenance, and the manifestation of racial stratification. My hope is that family scholars will employ theoretical frameworks that center racism and highlight the social construction of race.
Associations between living alone, social interactions, and physical performance differ by sex: Results from the Baltimore Hip Studies
Authors: Câmara Saionara M. A. , Falvey Jason R. , Orwig Denise , Gruber‐Baldini Ann L. , Auais Mohammad , Feng Zhaoyong , Guralnik Jack , Magaziner Jay 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is mixed evidence on whether living arrangements and social interactions are associated with poorer health outcomes after hip fracture repair. Distinct social profiles among male and female older adults may explain some of the differences. However, prior studies did not evaluate these differences by sex. This article aims to assess if the associations between living alone, social interaction, and physical performance differ by sex among hip fracture survivors.MethodsThis prospective cohort study is part of the Baltimore Hip Studies seventh cohort, with 168 male and 171 female hip fracture patients assessed at baseline (≤22 days after hospitalization) and at 2, 6, and 12 months post admission. Living arrangements and interaction with children or siblings and others in the past 2 weeks were collected at all visits. Physical performance was measured in the follow‐up visits with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Linear mixed models tested associations of living alone and social interaction with SPPB over time adjusted for age, education, comorbidities, physical functioning pre‐fracture, cognitive function, self‐rated health, and time.ResultsFor men only, living alone was associated with worse performance (0.7 points lower SPPB scores, p = 0.05). Higher social interaction was associated with 0.8 and 1.2 point higher SPPB scores for men and women, respectively (p < 0.05). Visiting with friends was significantly associated with better function among males, while visiting with children or siblings was associated with worse SPPB among females.ConclusionsLiving arrangements and types of social interaction are differentially associated with physical function for older men and women. Screening for social isolation/integration and including interventions that promote social interaction and participation should be considered in healthcare programs for hip fracture survivors.
Fusarium‐produced vitamin B6 promotes the evasion of soybean resistance by Phytophthora sojae
Authors: Wang Shuchen , Zhang Xiaoyi , Zhang Zhichao , Chen Yun , Tian Qing , Zeng Dandan , Xu Miao , Wang Yan , Dong Suomeng , Ma Zhonghua , Wang Yuanchao , Zheng Xiaobo , Ye Wenwu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPlants can be infected by multiple pathogens concurrently in natural systems. However, pathogen–pathogen interactions have rarely been studied. In addition to the oomycete Phytophthora sojae, fungi such as Fusarium spp. also cause soybean root rot. In a 3‐year field investigation, we discovered that P. sojae and Fusarium spp. frequently coexisted in diseased soybean roots. Out of 336 P. sojae–soybean–Fusarium combinations, more than 80% aggravated disease. Different Fusarium species all enhanced P. sojae infection when co‐inoculated on soybean. Treatment with Fusarium secreted non‐proteinaceous metabolites had an effect equal to the direct pathogen co‐inoculation. By screening a Fusarium graminearum mutant library, we identified Fusarium
promoting factor of Phytophthora sojae infection 1 (Fpp1), encoding a zinc alcohol dehydrogenase. Fpp1 is functionally conserved in Fusarium and contributes to metabolite‐mediated infection promotion, in which vitamin B6 (VB6) produced by Fusarium is key. Transcriptional and functional analyses revealed that Fpp1 regulates two VB6 metabolism genes, and VB6 suppresses expression of soybean disease resistance‐related genes. These results reveal that co‐infection with Fusarium promotes loss of P. sojae resistance in soybean, information that will inform the sustainable use of disease‐resistant crop varieties and provide new strategies to control soybean root rot.
Prevention of spinal hypotension during cesarean section: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta‐analysis based on ephedrine, phenylephrine, and norepinephrine
Authors: Xue Xing , Lv Xinghua , Ma Xiaoli , Zhou Yuxin , Yu Na , Yang Zhihua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to perform a Bayesian network meta‐analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of prophylactic bolus of different doses of ephedrine, phenylephrine, and norepinephrine for the prevention of spinal hypotension during cesarean section.MethodsThe Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library were searched until to May 20, 2022. The indicators included incidence of hypotension, reactive hypertension, bradycardia, nausea and vomiting, umbilical artery pH, and Apgar scores.ResultsAbout 3125 related records were obtained and 17 RCTs met our eligibility criteria. Based on the results, prophylactic bolus injection of 21–30 mg ephedrine (82%) was the best efficacious option for preventing hypotension, followed by 13–16 μg norepinephrine and 81–120 mg phenylephrine; 121–150 μg phenylephrine had the highest probability (62%) caused reactive hypertension, followed by 11–30 mg ephedrine; phenylephrine was most likely to cause bradycardia in a dose‐dependent manner; 81–120 μg phenylephrine had the highest probability (37%) which associated with IONV; 6–12 μg norepinephrine (31%) had the lowest influence on IONV and had highest probability (34%) associated with improving umbilical arterial pH; 13–16 μg norepinephrine had highest probability (67% at 1 min, 49% at 5 min) which associated with improving Apgar scores.ConclusionsBased on this study, 5–10 mg ephedrine and 13–16 μg norepinephrine prophylactic bolus injection may be the optimum dosage of three drugs prevent spinal‐induced hypotension, which has the least impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Marital quality improves self‐ and partner‐reported psychopathy among Chinese couples: A longitudinal study
Authors: He Qiong , Tong Wei , Yu Yue , Zhang Jianxin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPsychopathy is closely related to many negative interpersonal outcomes in daily life, including violence. Therefore, psychopathy intervention in subclinical individuals has significant application value.ObjectiveGuided by the personality–relationship transaction model and social investment theory, this study examined how marital quality affects self‐ and partner‐rated psychopathy. We also used the actor–partner interdependence mediation model to explore the mediating effect of communication.MethodsWe examined self‐reports and partner reports of psychopathy, marital quality, and communication among 260 married Chinese couples.ResultsThe results indicated that marital quality directly influenced couples' self‐rated psychopathy, with both actor and partner effects on husbands' psychopathy and actor effects on wives' psychopathy. Moreover, verbal communication had mediating effects at time 2 between marital quality at time 1 and partner‐reported psychopathy at time 3. Meanwhile, the mediating effect of nonverbal communication was not significant.ConclusionOur investigation of relationship effects on psychopathy revealed that the underlying mechanisms differed between self‐ and partner‐rated psychopathy. The findings can highlight directions for exploring potential intervention strategies for subclinical psychopathy.
Calcium–aluminum‐rich inclusions in non‐carbonaceous chondrites: Abundances, sizes, and mineralogy
Authors: Dunham E. T. , Sheikh A. , Opara D. , Matsuda N. , Liu M.‐C. , McKeegan K. D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs the Sun was forming, calcium–aluminum‐rich inclusions (CAIs) were the first rocks to have condensed in the hottest regions of the solar nebula disk. Carbonaceous chondrites (CCs) contain abundant CAIs but are thought to have accreted in the outer Solar System, requiring that CAIs must have been transported outward. Curiously, CAIs are rare in ordinary, enstatite, rumuruti, and kakangari chondrites, non‐carbonaceous chondrites (NCs), that likely formed in the inner Solar System. Thus, CAI abundances and characteristics can provide constraints on the early dynamical evolution of the disk. In this work, we address whether the hypothesis of an early‐formed proto‐Jupiter “opening a gap” in the disk can explain the dichotomy in the relative abundance of CAIs in CC and NC chondrites. We searched 76 NC meteorite sections to find 232 CAIs which have an average apparent diameter of 46 μm and comprise 0.01 area%, about half the size of and ~200 times less abundant than CC CAIs on average. Unlike CC CAIs, only 4% of the NC CAIs contain melilite and most contain alteration features suggesting that NC CAIs underwent pervasive fluid‐assisted thermal metamorphism on asteroidal parent bodies. However, based on NC CAI populations correlating with meteorite metamorphic grade, we argue that disk dynamics is likely the primary reason behind the existence of small (<100 μm) and rare NC CAIs. Our data support astrophysical models which suggest that, after outward transport of CAIs, formation of a gap in the disk trapped CAIs in the outer Solar System.
Corneal oedema during reverse piggyback scleral lens wear
Authors: Bliss Vyasa H. , Branjerdporn Nathan , Ooi Peng Jia , Teo Li Mei , Tu Jervis , Yeh Justin , Collins Michael J. , Vincent Stephen J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeOne clinical approach to address poor front surface wettability during scleral lens wear is the use of a “reverse piggyback” system (a soft contact lens applied to the anterior surface of a scleral lens). The aim of this study was to compare the magnitude of corneal oedema induced following short‐term reverse piggyback scleral lens wear and standard scleral lens wear.MethodsTen young (mean age 22 ± 6 years) healthy participants with normal corneas were recruited. On separate days, central corneal thickness and fluid reservoir thickness were measured using optical coherence tomography before and after 90 min of standard scleral lens wear (Kerectasia Alignment Tangent Torus diagnostic lenses, hexafocon A, Dk 100 × 10−11 (cm2/s)(ml O2/ml × mmHg), Capricornia Contact Lenses, capcl.com.au) and reverse piggyback scleral lens wear (the same scleral lens with a Dailies Total 1®, delefilcon A, Dk 140 × 10−11 (cm2/s)(ml O2/ml × mmHg), Alcon, alcon.com, applied to the anterior scleral lens surface).ResultsAfter correcting for small variations in the initial central fluid reservoir thickness, central corneal oedema was similar between the reverse piggyback (2.32 ± 1.15%) and standard scleral lens conditions (2.02 ± 0.76%; p = 0.45).ConclusionsFollowing 90 min of lens wear, the highly oxygen‐permeable reverse piggyback system did not induce a clinically or statistically greater magnitude of central corneal oedema compared with standard scleral lens wear in young adults with healthy corneas. This approach may be suitable to address poor front surface scleral lens wettability or to correct residual refractive error during diagnostic scleral lens fitting.