bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity and specificity of algorithms for the identification of nonspecific low back pain in medico-administrative databases
Authors: Ly Antarou , Sirois Caroline , Dionne Clermont E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Identifying nonspecific low back pain (LBP) in medico-administrative databases is a major challenge because of the number and heterogeneity of existing diagnostic codes and the absence of standard definitions to use as reference. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of algorithms for the identification of nonspecific LBP from medico-administrative data using self-report information as the reference standard. Self-report data came from the PROspective Québec Study on Work and Health, a 24-year prospective cohort study of white-collar workers. All diagnostic codes that could be associated with nonspecific LBP were identified from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions (ICD-9 and ICD-10) in physician and hospital claims. Seven algorithms for identifying nonspecific LBP were built and compared with self-report information. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted using more stringent definitions of LBP. There were 5980 study participants with (n = 2847) and without (n = 3133) LBP included in the analyses. An algorithm that included at least 1 diagnostic code for nonspecific LBP was best to identify cases of LBP in medico-administrative data with sensitivity varying between 8.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.9-10.0) for a 1-year window and 21.5% (95% CI 20.0-23.0) for a 3-year window. Specificity varied from 97.1% (95% CI 96.5-97.7) for a 1-year window to 90.4% (95% CI 89.4-91.5) for a 3-year window. The low sensitivity we found reveals that the identification of nonspecific cases of LBP in administrative data is limited, possibly due to the lack of traditional medical consultation.
Low lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, calcitriol level, and CD206 level predict the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure in patients cirrhosis with acute decompensation
Authors: Kuo Nai-Rong , Hou Ming-Chih , Chu Wei-Chi , Yang Ying-Ying , Huang Chia-Chang , Li Tzu-Hao , Lee Tzung-Yan , Liu Chih-Wei , Liao Tsai-Ling , Hsieh Shie-Liang , Lin Han-Chieh 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Cirrhosis-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Prognostic models of ACLF have been developed; however, few studies have focused on the occurrence of ACLF. This study aimed to identify the factors that predict the development of ACLF, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), and infection in patients with cirrhosis.

Methods:
Patients with cirrhosis were enrolled, and the serum levels of calcitriol, Cluster of Differentiation 26 (CD206), and macrophage-inducible lectin receptor (Mincle) were measured, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were calculated; all the patients were tracked for 6 months. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to assess the factors associated with ACLF development, HE, and infection. The aforementioned model was derived based on immunological markers, and receiver operating characteristic analysis with area under the curve (AUC) was adopted to evaluate accuracy.

Results:
After screening 325 patients with cirrhosis, 65 patients were eligible. In the GEE model, low levels of calcitriol (odds ratio [OR] = 3.259; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.118–8.929) and CD206 (OR = 2.666; 95% CI = 1.082–6.567) were associated with the development of ACLF, and the LMR was a protective factor (OR = 0.356; 95% CI = 0.147–0.861). Low calcitriol levels were a risk factor for HE (OR = 3.827) and infection (OR = 2.489). LMR was found to be a protective factor against HE (OR = 0.388). An immunological model for the discrimination of ACLF development within 6 months was proposed, with an AUC of 0.734 (95% CI = 0.598–0.869).

Conclusion:
Single and combined immunological markers, including low LMR and low levels of calcitriol and CD206, were promising for early prediction of the development of ACLF, HE, and infection in patients with cirrhosis.
Is N-acetylcysteine effective in treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019? A meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Chih-Hao , Hung Kai-Feng , Huang Chii-Yuan , Leong Jing-Li , Chu Yuan-Chia , Chang Chun-Yu , Wang Mong-Lien , Chiou Shih-Hwa , Cheng Yen-Fu 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has brought tremendous challenges to public health and medical systems around the world. The current strategy for drug repurposing has accumulated some evidence on the use of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in treating patients with COVID-19. However, the evidence remains debated.

Methods:
We performed the systematic review and meta-analysis that complies with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Five databases and reference lists were searched from inception to May 14, 2022. Studies evaluating the efficacy of NAC in treating patients with COVID-19 were regarded as eligible. The review was registered prospectively on PROSPERO (CRD42022332791).

Results:
Of 778 records identified from the preliminary search, four studies were enrolled in the final qualitative review and quantitative meta-analysis. A total of 355 patients were allocated into the NAC group and the control group. The evaluated outcomes included intubation rate, improvement, duration of intensive unit stay and hospital stay and mortality. The pooled results showed nonsignificant differences in intubation rate (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.16-1.89; p = 0.34; I
2 = 75%), improvement of oxygenation ([MD], 80.84; 95% CI, -38.16 to 199.84; p = 0.18; I
2 = 98%), ICU stay (MD, -0.74; 95% CI, -3.19 to 1.71; p = 0.55; I
2 = 95%), hospital stay (MD, -1.05; 95% CI, -3.02 to 0.92; p = 0.30; I
2 = 90%), and mortality (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.23-1.45; p = 0.24; I
2 = 54%). Subsequent trial sequential analysis (TSA) showed conclusive nonsignificant results for mortality, while the TSA for the other outcomes suggested that a larger sample size is essential.

Conclusions:
The current evidence reveals NAC is not beneficial for treating patients with COVID- 19 with regard to respiratory outcome, mortality, duration of ICU stay and hospital stay.
2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-Hexabromophenyl ether (BDE-153) causes abnormal insulin secretion and disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism in mice
Authors: Liu Zao-Ling , Jiang Shu-Rui , Fan Yong , Wang Jia-Sui , Wang Meng-Lin , Li Mei-Yan 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Environmental polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) exposure may be associated with diabetes and obesity. 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-Hexabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-153) is one of the most abundant and widely distributed homologs of PBDEs detected in humans. This study investigated the effects of BDE-153 on the expression of adipokines and glucose and lipid metabolism.

Methods:
Adult male C57BL/6 mice were divided into five BDE-153 groups and one control group. After BDE-153 exposure for 4 weeks, the levels of biochemical indexes and the mRNA and protein expression levels of leptin, adiponectin, peroxisome proliferators activated receptors gamma (PPARγ), and AMPKα were measured. The histomorphological changes of liver and pancreas tissues were observed.

Results:
After BDE-153 exposure, the weight of mice in the medium–high-dose group at different exposure times was lower than that in the control group (p all <0.05), and the body weight decreased slightly with the increase of the dose of BDE-153. BDE-153 caused the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism in mice, the weight of liver and pancreas increased, lipid droplets accumulated in liver cells, and the positive rate of insulin staining increased in a dose-dependent manner. BDE-153 also interfered with the expression of PPARγ, AMPKα, and adipokines. The results of restrictive cubic splines (RCS) showed that there were a nonlinear dose–response relationship between the exposure dose of BDE-153 and the expression levels of PPARγ, AMPKα, and adipokines.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that BDE-153 may interfere with the expression of adipokines and the secretion of insulin by affecting the expression of PPARγ and AMPKα, which play a key role in glucose and lipid metabolism, leading to the occurrence of glucose and lipid metabolism disorder.
The Caprini Risk Score for Early Prediction of Mortality in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Li Wentao , Wang Yujia , Li Dongze , Jia Yu , Li Fanghui , Chen Tengda , Liu Yi , Zeng Zhi , Wan Zhi , Zeng Rui , Wu Hongying 
Published: February 2023

Background
The Caprini Risk Score (CRS) is a validated predictive instrument for venous thrombosis. Previous investigators have shown that a high CRS is associated with a higher risk of mortality from thrombotic diseases.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the association between the CRS and prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods
Secondary analysis of data from a retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients were classified into 3 CRS-based categories (CRS ≤ 2, CRS = 3–4, and CRS ≥ 5, indicating low, medium, and high, respectively). Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models were used to assess the prognosis of patients with ACS. All-cause mortality and cardiac mortality were the end points.

Results
Two hundred fifty-four patients (12.8%) died during follow-up. Multivariate Cox regression models identified CRS as an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality among patients with ACS (CRS = 3–4 vs CRS ≤ 2, hazard ratio: 3.268, 95% confidence interval: 1.396–7.647, P = .006; CRS ≥ 5 vs CRS ≤ 2, hazard ratio: 4.099, 95% confidence interval: 1.708–9.841, P = .002). Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between CRS and fibrinogen level (r = 0.486, R
2 = 0.765, P < .001) as well as D-dimer level (r = 0.480, R
2 = 0.465, P < .001).

Conclusion
The CRS is a useful prognostic assessment instrument for patients with ACS, and the risk stratification of patients with ACS can be achieved based on their CRS at admission.
Accelerometer Use to Measure Physical Activity in Older Adults With Coronary Artery Disease: An Integrative Review
Authors: Lee Sueyeon , Bohplian Suweena , Bronas Ulf G. 
Published: February 2023

Background
Physical activity is necessary for improved health outcomes among older adults with coronary artery disease (CAD), and device-based assessment of physical activity is preferred for accurate measurement. Many previous studies have applied accelerometry to examine physical activity in this population, but no reviews have systematically examined the application of various accelerometers to measure physical activity in older adults with CAD.

Objective
This integrative review aimed to examine accelerometry application to measure physical activity in older adults with CAD and provide guidance for accelerometer selection and settings.

Methods
Six databases—CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar—were searched for information sources. Authors of selected studies applied accelerometers to measure physical activity and included adults 60 years or older with CAD.

Results
Among 12 studies reviewed, 5 were randomized controlled trials, and most used an age cutoff of 65 years for older adults. The most frequently used accelerometer was the RT3, and the most common device placement was the waist/hip. Data collection duration was typically 3 consecutive days. However, many study authors did not report epoch length, sampling frequency, number of valid hours of data required per day, total number of valid days of data needed, or criteria for nonwear time.

Conclusions
On the basis of data synthesis and previous study results, triaxial research-grade accelerometers, waist/hip placement, and a 5- to 7-day monitoring period are recommended for measuring physical activity in older adults with CAD. However, the study purpose, device and participant characteristics, and physical activity outcomes of interest should be considered during device selection.
Anemia and thrombocytosis associated with erythrodermic psoriasis successfully treated with ixekizumab: A case report
Authors: Chen Li-Hong , Zheng Jie , Li Xia 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Erythrodermic psoriasis is a rare and potentially life-threatening subtype of psoriasis. It can be accompanied by systemic inflammatory disorders such as arthritic, hematologic, hemodynamic, and metabolic disturbances. We herein report a case involving a woman with erythroderma, joint deformities, anemia, and thrombocytosis who was diagnosed with erythrodermic psoriasis and psoriasis arthritis that were successfully treated with interleukin-17A antibody.

Case presentation:
A 35-year-old woman presented with an almost 20-year history of recurrent erythema and desquamation. She was diagnosed with plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis and treated with acitretin, etanercept combined with methotrexate, and etanercept combined with cyclosporin, respectively. However, at the time of consultation, she was experiencing an episode of severe skin and joint inflammation. Routine laboratory evaluation revealed moderate microcytic hypochromic anemia, thrombocytosis, and increased serum cytokine concentrations. The patient was given the standard dose of ixekizumab, which resulted in clearance of her skin lesions with a Psoriasis Area and Severity Index 90 response at week 12. Her arthritic symptoms, including arthralgia and joint dysfunction, also improved. Moreover, her hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, and inflammatory markers reached the normal ranges.

Discussion:
Multiple cytokines participate in the pathogenesis of erythrodermic psoriasis, including interleukin-17A, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-8. In the present case, treatment targeting the interleukin-23/interleukin-17 axis showed great efficacy not only for the skin lesions but also for systemic inflammatory comorbidities, such as arthritis, anemia, and thrombocytosis.

Conclusion:
Patients with systemic inflammatory disorders related to psoriasis, such as anemia and thrombocytosis, may benefit from anti-IL-17A treatment.
Pseudoainhum and lepromatous leprosy: a very rare association in the modern world
Authors: Nishad A.A. Nilanga , Pathman Mahathevan , Uwyse S.A. , Mendis Ashan , Abeysundara Prabath Kularathne , de Silva Arjuna P. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Pseudoainhum (dactylolysis spontanea) is characterized by the development of a fibrous band around the digit that gradually leads to autoamputation. Digital pain associated with Pseudoainhum may not be evident in patients with neuropathic conditions.

Case presentation:
The current report describes a very rare association of pseudoainhum with leprosy. The case involved a 48-year-old man in the dermatology ward with lepromatous leprosy presenting with a pseudoainhum.

Discussion:
Conclusion: This case highlights the possibility of delayed presentation of patients with pseudoainhum to physicians when the patients have underlying neuropathic conditions that prevent feeling finger pain and cause abnormal appearance of the digits, especially in leprosy.
Reproductive Coercion Among Women With Disabilities
Authors: Amos Vanessa , Lyons Genevieve R. , Laughon Kathryn , Hughes Rosemary B. , Alhusen Jeanne L. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Background/Aims
Reproductive coercion (RC) is a widespread yet understudied type of intimate partner violence that is associated with numerous negative outcomes. Women with disabilities may be at an increased risk of RC; however, little research has been conducted among this population. Using population-based data, we sought to examine the prevalence of RC in postpartum women with disabilities.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey, the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, a nationally representative survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in partnership with participating states. These analyses include 3,117 respondents who had information on both disability status and experiences of RC.

Results
Approximately 1.9% of respondents reported experiencing RC (95% CI [1.3, 2.4]). When stratified by disability status, approximately 1.7% of respondents without a disability reported RC whereas 6.2% of respondents with at least one disability reported RC (p < 0.001). In univariable logistic models, disability, age, education, relationship status, income, and race were all significantly associated with RC.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight the need for healthcare providers working with women with disabilities to screen for RC and potentially uncover intimate partner violence and prevent its negative health consequences. All states participating in Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data collection are urged to incorporate measures of RC and disability status to better address this significant issue.
Association Between Types of Chronic Disease and Receiving Workplace Accommodations
Authors: Harada Arisa , Tateishi Seiichiro , Ishimaru Tomohiro , Nagata Masako , Eguchi Hisashi , Tsuji Mayumi , Ikegami Kazunori , Matsugaki Ryutaro , Fujino Yoshihisa 
Published: February 2023

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the association between the type of chronic disease and receiving workplace accommodations.

Methods
This online cross-sectional study analyzed a self-reported questionnaire administered in Japan. A total of 6775 full-time workers who reported needing work accommodations were included.

Results
Workplace accommodations were more likely to be provided for workers with cancer, mental illness, and benign gynecological disorders than for workers with no disease under treatment. In contrast, workplace accommodations were less likely for workers with low back pain and skin diseases.

Conclusions
Receiving workplace accommodations depends on the type of chronic disease. Chronic diseases for which workers frequently receive workplace accommodations may be those for which support is encouraged by law. It is necessary to support workers with chronic diseases that do not receive adequate workplace accommodations.
Association Between Night Shift and Hypertension
Authors: Zhu Jin-liang , Liu Meng-yu , Qin Qi-rong , He Jia-liu , Hu Ming-jun , Zhu Zhen-yu , Liu Jian-jun , Huang Fen 
Published: February 2023

Objective
The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of night-shift work on the risk of hypertension for improving workers' health.

Methods
A total of 10,038 Chinese participants were constituted in the cross-sectional study. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline were used to estimate the effect of night shift on hypertension.

Results
There were higher odds of having hypertension in any night-shift workers (odds ratio [OR], 1.16 [95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.30]) when compared with day workers. Having 5 to 10 night shifts per month were significantly more likely to be hypertensive (OR, 1.19 [95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.38]). The OR for hypertension increased as the number of night shifts increased as the result of the restricted cubic spline.

Conclusions
Our results support the hypothesis that night shift is associated with an elevated risk of hypertension.
Innovative Approach for Teaching Physician Assistant Students About Social Determinants of Health and Empowering Action
Authors: Hulse Betty 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Social determinants, the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age, play a crucial role in the health of individuals. The University of South Dakota Physician Assistant Studies Program uses a multimodal approach to teaching social determinants of health (SDOH) to students. The SDOH learning session consists of assigned pre-session reading, a didactic presentation introducing SDOH and their impact, and a table-top activity that simulates how SDOH affect individuals. During the table-top activity a list of community resources is available for students to locate services for the game characters when other resources have been depleted. Prior to entering clinical rotations, students will briefly review SDOH identification and connection to services during a training session for patient encounter logging. A check for implementation of learning will occur during the clinical phase by reviewing students' patient encounter logs for the presence of SDOH-related diagnoses and CPT codes. Although screening to identify SDOH and assisting patients through connect to services is not standard in all healthcare systems, PA students with the knowledge and tools can be prepared to provide this component of care to their patients.
Mining Literature to Identify Factors Influencing Prosthetic Prescription and Rehabilitation of Persons With Lower-Limb Amputations
Authors: Saravanan Pratima , Menold Jessica 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Proper prosthetic prescription directly impacts rehabilitation and the quality of life of an individual with amputation, yet complications during the prescription process remain a challenge for prosthetists as a variety of patient-specific and prosthetic-specific factors need to be considered simultaneously during prescription. This research aims to identify the factors that affect decision making during prosthetic prescription and rehabilitation processes of individuals with lower-limb amputation via evidence-based approaches.

Materials and Methods
Abstracts of 140 articles were analyzed using topic modeling—a natural language processing algorithm.

Results
Mining abstracts of relevant literature revealed seven factors that influence prosthetic prescription and six factors that affect rehabilitation of individuals with amputation.

Conclusion
The findings of this study focus on improving the rehabilitation process of individuals with lower-limb amputation, enhancing the patient-provider relationship, and improving the overall quality of life via evidence-based methods.

Clinical Relevance
Understanding the factors that affect prosthetic prescription and patient rehabilitation from the past literature is critical to the establishment of formal and standard prescription strategies that can eventually improve the quality of life of persons with lower-limb amputation.