bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Being exposed to low concentrations of pirimiphos‐methyl and chlorfenapyr has detrimental effects on the mobility of Trogoderma granarium
Authors: Kavallieratos Nickolas G. , Boukouvala Maria C. , Pappa Artemis Phoebe A. , Canale Angelo , Benelli Giovanni 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSublethal effects of insecticides may negatively affect several biological and behavioral traits of insects. The lethal effects of pirimiphos‐methyl and chlorfenapyr have been previously showed on Trogoderma granarium, but little knowledge is available about their sublethal effects at low concentrations on both sexes. Herein, the sublethal effects of pirimiphos‐methyl and chlorfenapyr on the mobility of T. granarium males and females were investigated.RESULTSLethal concentration (LC) values of pirimiphos‐methyl and chlorfenapyr were lower for T. granarium females than males. LC values on males were LC10 = 0.000788 and 0.00139 mg active ingredient (a.i.) cm−2, LC30 = 0.00350 and 0.00535 mg a.i. cm−2, and LC50 = 0.00986 and 0.0136 mg a.i. cm−2 for pirimiphos‐methyl and chlorfenapyr respectively. LC on females were LC10 = 0.000704 and 0.00110 mg a.i. cm−2, LC30 = 0.00323 and 0.00428 mg a.i. cm−2, and LC50 = 0.00925 and 0.0110 mg a.i. cm−2 for pirimiphos‐methyl and chlorfenapyr respectively. The walking duration of beetles exposed to LC30 of pirimiphos‐methyl was significantly lower than the individuals exposed to LC10 and LC30 of both insecticides and control ones. Pirimiphos‐methyl LC30‐exposed males remained more time on their back (101.7 s) than females (46.9 s), while the latter stayed immobile longer than males (381.7 s versus 371.9 s). The highest speed was recorded for control beetles (14.17 mm s−1 females vs. 12.44 mm s−1 males), while the lowest speed was observed in pirimiphos‐methyl LC30‐treated males (8.36 mm s−1) and females (9.66 mm s−1).CONCLUSIONSOverall, males and females exposed to low concentrations of pirimiphos‐methyl and chlorfenapyr showed reduced motility. This knowledge can be exploited further to unlock behavioral effects of insecticides for effective pest management programs in warehouses. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Engineering ofBacillus amyloliquefaciensα‐Amylase for Improved Catalytic Efficiency by Error‐Prone PCR
Authors: Yuan Susu , Li Renkuan , Lin Biyu , Yan Renxiang , Ye Xiuyun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBacillus amyloliquefaciensα‐amylase (BAA) is one of well‐known midrange thermostability amylases that are widely used in food and washing processes. However, the improvement of its catalytic properties by molecular modification is still lagging. To improve the activity of α‐amylase BAA, mutants BAA28 and BAA294 are constructed via error‐prone PCR and purified by column chromatography in the present study. The catalytic efficiencies (Kcat/Km) of BAA28 and BAA294 are 2.42 and 2.73 mL mg−1s−1, which are 43% and 61% higher than that of the wild‐type BAA, respectively. Their specific activities are also increased by 40% and 62%, respectively, with no apparent changes of optimum temperature and pH. Homology modeling and molecular docking analysis suggest that the reduced steric hindrance is an important factor that enhances catalytic efficiencies and specific activities of the variants. These results may deepen the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effects of each mutation on the catalytic efficiency of BAA and facilitate the construction of potent BAA mutants.
Successful surgical outcome of persistent right aortic arch and aberrant left subclavian artery in a 3‐month‐old kitten
Authors: Raftery Emma , Healy Donough , Lorek Andrea , Quinn Robert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA 3‐month‐old, domestic, long‐haired cat presented dull and lethargic with a history of failure to thrive and persistent postprandial regurgitation. A barium oesophagram performed by the referring veterinarian identified a megaoesophagus terminating at the level of the fourth intercostal space. Computed tomography angiography confirmed the suspected vascular ring anomaly, classified as a persistent right aortic arch with a concurrent aberrant left subclavian artery. Surgical ligation and transection of the ligamentum arteriosum, while sparing the aberrant left subclavian artery via a left fourth intercostal thoracotomy, resulted in resolution of the oesophageal compression and clinical signs postoperatively. Follow‐up 22 weeks postoperatively showed marked improvement in weight and body condition score, with no regurgitation following the introduction of a solid consistency commercial diet. This report describes the complete resolution of clinical signs following surgical correction of this form of vascular ring anomaly while sparing the aberrant left subclavian artery, without the need for long‐term dietary or feeding modification.
Mock modularity and a secondary elliptic genus
Authors: Gaiotto Davide , Johnson-Freyd Theo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The theory of Topological Modular Forms suggests the existence of deformation invariants for two-dimensional supersymmetric field theories that are more refined than the standard elliptic genus. In this note we give a physical definition of some of these invariants. The theory of mock modular forms makes a surprise appearance, shedding light on the integrality properties of some well-known examples.
Methods and restrictions to increase the volume of resonant rectangular-section haloscopes for detecting dark matter axions
Authors: García-Barceló J. M. , Álvarez Melcón A. , Díaz-Morcillo A. , Gimeno B. , Lozano-Guerrero A. J. , Monzó-Cabrera J. , Navarro-Madrid J. R. , Navarro P. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Haloscopes are resonant cavities that serve as detectors of dark matter axions when they are immersed in a strong static magnetic field. In order to increase the volume and improve space compatibility with dipole or solenoid magnets for axion searches, various haloscope design techniques for rectangular geometries are discussed in this study. The volume limits of two types of haloscopes are explored: those based on single cavities and those based on multicavities. In both cases, possibilities for increasing the volume of long and/or tall structures are presented. For multicavities, 1D geometries are explored to optimise the space in the magnets. Also, 2D and 3D geometries are introduced as a first step in laying the foundations for the development of these kinds of topologies. The results prove the usefulness of the developed methods, evidencing the ample room for improvement in rectangular haloscope designs nowadays. A factor of three orders of magnitude improvement in volume compared with a single cavity based on the WR-90 standard waveguide is obtained with the design of a long and tall single cavity. Similar procedures have been applied for long and tall multicavities. Experimental measurements are shown for prototypes based on tall multicavities and 2D structures, demonstrating the feasibility of using these types of geometries to increase the volume of real haloscopes.
Decorated TQFTs and their Hilbert spaces
Authors: Jagadale Mrunmay 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We discuss topological quantum field theories that compute topological invariants which depend on additional structures (or decorations) on three-manifolds. The q-series invariant Ẑ(q) proposed by Gukov, Pei, Putrov, and Vafa is an example of such an invariant. We describe how to obtain these decorated invariants by cutting and gluing and make a proposal for Hilbert spaces that are assigned to two-dimensional surfaces in the Ẑ-TQFT.
Some New Results on the Uniform Asymptotic Stability for Volterra Integro-differential Equations with Delays
Authors: Taie Rasha O. A. , Bakhit Doaa A. M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work, we establish sufficient conditions of the uniform asymptotic stability (UAS) of solutions to second-order and third-order of Volterra integro-differential equations (VIDE) with delay. Here, we prove two new theorems on the UAS of the solutions of the considered VIDEs. Our approach is based on Lyapunov’s second method. Our results improve and form a complement to some known recent results in the literature. Two illustrative examples are considered to support the results and two graphs are drawn to illustrate the asymptotic stability of the zero solution for the considered numerical equations. The obtained results are new and original.
Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for scapular fractures
Authors: van de Wall B. J. M. , Hoepelman R. J. , Michelitsch C. , Diwersi N. , Sommer C. , Babst R. , Beeres F. J. P. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
Presentation of a minimally invasive surgical approach for the treatment of scapular fractures and the clinical outcome using this technique.

Indications
Displaced extra-articular fractures of the scapula body and glenoid neck (AO 14B and 14F) and simple intra-articular fractures of the glenoid.

Contraindications
Complex intra-articular fractures and isolated fractures of the coracoid base.

Surgical technique
Make a straight or slightly curved incision along the lateral margin of the scapula leaving the deltoid fascia intact. Identify the interval between the teres minor muscle and infraspinatus to visualize the lateral column, whilst retracting the deltoid to visualize the glenoid neck. Reduce and align the fracture using direct and indirect reduction tools. A second window on the medial border of the scapula can be made to aid reduction and/or to augment stability. Small (2.0–2.7 mm) plates in a 90° configuration on the lateral border and, if required, on the medial border are used. Intra-operative imaging confirms adequate reduction and extra-articular screw placement.

Postoperative management
Direct postoperative free functional nonweight-bearing rehabilitation limited to 90° abduction for the first 6 weeks. Sling for comfort. Free range of motion and permissive weight-bearing after 6 weeks.

Results
We collected data from 35 patients treated with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) between 2011 and 2021. Average age was 53 ± 15.1 years (range 21–71 years); 17 had a type B and 18 a type F fracture according the AO classification. All patients suffered concomitant injuries of which thoracic (n = 33) and upper extremity (n = 25) injuries were most common. Double plating of the lateral border (n = 30) was most commonly performed as described in the surgical technique section. One patient underwent an additional osteosynthesis 3 months after initial surgery due to pain and lack of radiological signs of healing of a fracture extension into the spine of the scapula. In the same patient, the plate on the spine of scapula was later removed due to plate irritation. In 2 patients postoperative images showed a screw protruding into the glenohumeral joint requiring revision surgery. After standardisation of intra-operative imaging following these two cases, intra-articular screw placement did not occur anymore. No patient suffered from iatrogenic nerve injury and none developed a wound infection.
Konsensusempfehlungen zur regionalen fächerübergreifenden Standardisierung der MRT-Diagnostik bei Multipler Sklerose im Großraum Essen
Authors: Stettner Mark , Wattjes Mike P. , Krüger Karlgeorg , Pul Refik , Fleischer Michael , Achnitz Ute , Agne Heike , Bach Kathlen , Berkenfeld Ralf , Bongartz Ulrike , Brüggemann Anja , Burgsmüller Lars , Cohnen Joseph , Deuschl Cornelius , Friedrich Anke , Graziano Patrizia , Hackert Jana , Hapig Beate , Henkel Andrea , Henrich Heike , Hükelheim-Görden Mechthild , Kratsch Luder , Kytzia Danuta , Lanzman Rotem , Heusch Philipp , Laufenburg Claus , Merguet Susanne , Metz Uwe , Montag Michael , Obeid Michel , Ornek Ahmet , Peters Sören , Plajer Theo , Plassmann Jürgen , Pump Heiko , Rauchfuss-Hartych Birgit , Reinboldt Marcus Paul , Seng Katja , Stauder Michael , Wettig Anna-Katharina , Wolters Anna , Yilmam Sedat , Kleinschnitz Christoph 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) kommt bei der Diagnostik und Verlaufsbeobachtung der Multiplen Sklerose (MS) eine herausragende Bedeutung zu. Jedoch ist zwischen niedergelassen Neurologen, (neuro)radiologischen Praxen, Krankenhäusern oder spezialisierten MS-Zentren nur selten eine enge interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit etabliert. Es fehlen insbesondere standardisierte MRT-Protokolle zur Bildakquisition sowie etablierte Qualitätsparameter, die die Vergleichbarkeit von MRT-Aufnahmen garantieren. Das ist jedoch eine grundlegende Voraussetzung für den effektiven Einsatz der MRT in der Versorgung von MS-Patienten, z. B. im Rahmen der Diagnosestellung oder des Therapiemonitorings. Zur Adressierung dieser Herausforderungen erarbeitete im Rahmen eines Pilotprojektes im Großraum Essen eine Gruppe aus Neurologen und (Neuro)radiologen unter Anwendung eines modifizierten mehrstufigen Delphi-Prozesses und auf Basis der aktuellsten wissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen einen Konsensvorschlag zur Standardisierung der Bildakquisition, Interpretation und Befundübermittlung und zur Verbesserung der interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit. Die Empfehlung berücksichtigt medizinische, wirtschaftliche, zeitliche und praktische Aspekte der MRT-Bildgebung bei der MS. Das Modell der interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit zwischen Radiologen und Neurologen mit dem Ziel der regionalen Standardisierung der Magnetresonanztomographie könnte als Vorbild für andere Regionen Deutschlands dienen, um die MRT-Bildgebung bei der MS zu optimieren.
A Characterization of Edge-Ordered Graphs with Almost Linear Extremal Functions
Authors: Kucheriya Gaurav , Tardos Gábor 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe systematic study of Turán-type extremal problems for edge-ordered graphs was initiated by Gerbner et al. (Turán problems for Edge-ordered graphs, 2021). They conjectured that the extremal functions of edge-ordered forests of order chromatic number 2 are $$n^{1+o(1)}$$

n

1
+
o
(
1
)

. Here we resolve this conjecture proving the stronger upper bound of $$n2^{O(\sqrt{\log n})}$$

n

2

O
(

log
n

)

. This represents a gap in the family of possible extremal functions as other forbidden edge-ordered graphs have extremal functions $$\Omega (n^c)$$

Ω
(

n
c

)

for some $$c>1$$

c
>
1

. However, our result is probably not the last word: here we conjecture that the even stronger upper bound of $$n\log ^{O(1)}n$$

n

log

O
(
1
)

n

also holds for the same set of extremal functions.
Oil Mobility in Hazelnut Oil-Based Oleogels Investigated by NMR
Authors: Trapp Lena , Schacht Hilke , Eymann Luisa , Nirschl Hermann , Guthausen Gisela 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe migration of triacyl glycerides such as hazelnut oil leads to quality losses in various foods (e.g., fat bloom formation on chocolate, also named “fat ripening”). Oleogelation, i.e., dispersion of oils in a solid matrix of gelators, is thought to immobilize oils and consequently to hinder oil migration, leading to questions about the translational, but also intramolecular mobility of triacyl glycerides in the oleogels. In addition to translational mobility measured by diffusion-NMR, the molecule-intrinsic dynamics is reflected in NMR-relaxation. In this study, transverse relaxation and diffusion were explored to obtain insight into the condition of the oils in the disperse materials. Oleogels based on sunflower seed wax are compared to oleogels based on mono- and diglycerides. In both types of oleogels NMR-measures depend on composition as well as on temperature. Studying both dimensions, concentration and temperature, reveals the restricted mobility of oil molecules in the oleogels.
The prevalence of sarcopenia in Parkinson’s disease and related disorders- a systematic review
Authors: Hart Ashley , Cordova-Rivera Laura , Barker Fred , Sayer Avan A. , Granic Antoneta , Yarnall Alison J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of sarcopenia (reduced skeletal muscle strength and mass), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Parkinson’s related disorders (PRD) all increase with age. They also share risk factors and pathogenetic features. An increased prevalence of sarcopenia in PD and PRD than the general population was thus postulated.

Methods
Four databases were searched using predefined literature search strategies. Studies conducted in participants with PD or PRD reporting the prevalence of sarcopenia and those providing data to compute the prevalence were included. Pre-sarcopenia, probable/possible sarcopenia and confirmed sarcopenia were defined according to the main sarcopenia working groups. Risk of bias was assessed using the AXIS tool.

Results
1978 studies were identified; 97 assessed in full; 14 met inclusion criteria. The median study quality score was 15/20. The range of probable sarcopenia was 23.9 to 66.7%, and it did not change after excluding PRD participants. The prevalence of confirmed sarcopenia in participants with any parkinsonian disorder ranged from 2 to 31.4%. Including just PD participants, the range was 10.9 to 31.4%. In studies with controls, sarcopenia was more prevalent in PD and PRD. There was a positive non-significant trend between severity of motor symptoms and prevalence of sarcopenia or components of sarcopenia. High heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis, therefore there was insufficient evidence to conclude whether sarcopenia is more prevalent in PD or PRD.

Conclusions
Probable and confirmed sarcopenia are common in PD and PRD and they may be associated with disease severity. This co-occurrence supports the value of screening for sarcopenia in parkinsonian populations.
Female and male body condition in the Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida, a species with female offspring desertion: a test of the differential parental capacity hypothesis
Authors: Ledwoń Mateusz , Neubauer Grzegorz , Flis Adam , Banach Agata 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOffspring desertion by a single parent, mainly the female, occurs in many charadriiform birds. According to the differential parental capacity hypothesis (DPCH), females are more likely to desert, since they may be in poorer body condition than males as a consequence of egg-laying costs. This study investigated the body condition of 122 male and 118 female Whiskered Terns. In this species half of females desert during the chick-rearing period, the remainder during the post-fledging period. Body condition was investigated during the late incubation and early chick-rearing phases during the biparental care period in: (1) females that deserted during the chick-rearing period, (2) females that did not desert during this time, (3) males deserted by females, and (4) males not deserted by females. Among females that stayed, body condition during the pre-hatching period did not vary with relative catching date (clutch/brood age), whereas females that later deserted showed a very poor body condition when caught around seven days prior to hatching. After hatching, body condition was lower in both deserting and non-deserting females caught later. Among males whose females stayed, body condition remained nearly stable, whereas the body condition of males whose females deserted was lower the later they were caught. These results tally only partially with the DPCH: the pattern of parental body condition changes during breeding is apparently more complex than assumed by the DPCH and the cost of egg laying may be lower than suggested. Desertion by Whiskered Tern females is better explained by the sex role differences in parental care. The male’s ability to compensate for the missing female may be playing a role in the evolution of desertion.
Invasion genetics of the yellow-legged hornet Vespa velutina in the Westernmost Mediterranean archipelago
Authors: Herrera Cayetano , Ferragut Joana F. , Leza Mar , Jurado-Rivera José Antonio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe yellow-legged hornet (Vespa velutina) is a social Hymenoptera native from Asia and an invasive species in Europe, where it was first detected in France in 2004. Since then, the species has spread across the continent invading mainland Spain and Mallorca island (Balearic archipelago, Western Mediterranean) in 2010 and 2015, respectively. Yellow-legged hornets cause severe damage to ecosystem by predating over a wide variety of pollinators including honeybees. Such a threat situation requires the development of effective management and prevention plans, which can greatly benefit from knowing both the origin and the genetic structure of the invading populations. Here we conduct a genetic study to shed light on both the origin and the phylogenetic relationships of V. velutina populations from Mallorca and mainland Spain using nuclear (STRs) and mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1) gene markers. Our results show that Mallorca populations originated from invasive European specimens. Moreover, FST values, DAPC and genetic structure analysis suggest two independent incursions in the island with bottleneck and founder effect signatures. Finally, we contribute additional genetic evidence of the polyandrous behavior of this invasive species based on the inference of a mean number of mattings per nest of 3.94 (range 2–6.5). This study supports the human-mediated pathways of this species and highlights the importance of implementing effective biosecurity measures to prevent the spread of invasive alien species in island habitats.
Landscape and road features linked to wildlife mortality in the Amazon
Authors: Medrano-Vizcaíno Pablo , Grilo Clara , Brito-Zapata David , González-Suárez Manuela 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRoads impact wildlife around the world; however, dedicated studies are lacking in many biodiverse areas such as the Amazon. Identifying which species are more often hit by vehicles and which landscape and road-related features promote roadkill is essential to guide future development and ensure adequate mitigation actions. For six months, we monitored 240 km of roads in the Ecuadorian Amazon and recorded 1125 dead vertebrates (149 species). Reptiles were the most observed Class with 380 individuals (56 species), followed by amphibians with 278 individuals (11 species), birds with 259 individuals (62 species), and mammals with 208 individuals (20 species). We used Random Forest models to explore the role of various land cover types and road sinuosity on the observed mortality. Additionally, we created heatmaps to visualize the road segments where roadkills were more frequent. For all vertebrates, mortality was more likely in straight road sections near rivers. The effects of other variables were taxa-specific. Amphibian mortality was more likely near bare soil or forest, birds and mammals died more often near herbaceous-shrubby vegetation, and reptile mortality occurred more often in areas with high cover of agriculture. Road segments with high mortality (i.e., roadkill hotspots) varied across taxa. These hotspots identify areas where further research into mitigation is needed to assess road impacts and prevent collisions. Among records, we found rare and threatened species, for which road mortality could be a significant threat. Roadkill surveys not only aid in quantifying threats and informing future planning but can also provide insight into local biodiversity.