bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence of Nodal Superconductivity in Monolayer 1H‐TaS2 with Hidden Order Fluctuations
Authors: Vaňo Viliam , Ganguli Somesh Chandra , Amini Mohammad , Yan Linghao , Khosravian Maryam , Chen Guangze , Kezilebieke Shawulienu , Lado Jose L. , Liljeroth Peter 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnconventional superconductors represent one of the fundamental directions in modern quantum materials research. In particular, nodal superconductors are known to appear naturally in strongly correlated systems, including cuprate superconductors and heavy‐fermion systems. Van der Waals materials hosting superconducting states are well known, yet nodal monolayer van der Waals superconductors have remained elusive. Here, using low‐temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) experiments, it is shown that pristine monolayer 1H‐TaS2 realizes a nodal superconducting state. Non‐magnetic disorder drives the nodal superconducting state to a conventional gapped s‐wave state. Furthermore, many‐body excitations emerge close to the gap edge, signalling a potential unconventional pairing mechanism. The results demonstrate the emergence of nodal superconductivity in a van der Waals monolayer, providing a building block for van der Waals heterostructures exploiting unconventional superconducting states.
Electrolyte and Interphase Engineering of Aqueous Batteries Beyond “Water‐in‐Salt” Strategy
Authors: Xie Junpeng , Lin Dewu , Lei Hang , Wu Shuilin , Li Jinliang , Mai Wenjie , Wang Pengfei , Hong Guo , Zhang Wenjun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAqueous batteries are promising alternatives to non‐aqueous lithium‐ion batteries due to their safety, environmental impact, and cost‐effectiveness. However, their energy density is limited by the narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW) of water. The “Water‐in‐salts” (WIS) strategy is an effective method to broaden the ESW by reducing the “free water” in the electrolyte, but the drawbacks (high cost, high viscosity, poor low‐temperature performance, etc.) also compromise these inherent superiorities. In this review, electrolyte and interphase engineering of aqueous batteries to overcome the drawbacks of the WIS strategy are summarized, including the developments of electrolytes, electrode–electrolyte interphases, and electrodes. First, the main challenges of aqueous batteries and the problems of the WIS strategy are comprehensively introduced. Second, the electrochemical functions of various electrolyte components (e.g., additives and solvents) are summarized and compared. Gel electrolytes are also investigated as a special form of electrolyte. Third, the formation and modification of the electrolyte‐induced interphase on the electrode are discussed. Specifically, the modification and contribution of electrode materials toward improving the WIS strategy are also introduced. Finally, the challenges of aqueous batteries and the prospects of electrolyte and interphase engineering beyond the WIS strategy are outlined for the practical applications of aqueous batteries.
Properties of κ‐Ga2O3 Prepared by Epitaxial Lateral Overgrowth
Authors: Polyakov Alexander , Lee In‐Hwan , Nikolaev Vladimir , Pechnikov Aleksei , Miakonkikh Andrew , Scheglov Mikhail , Yakimov Eugene , Chikiryaka Andrei , Vasilev Anton , Kochkova Anastasia , Shchemerov Ivan , Chernykh Alexey , Pearton Stephen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe structural and electrical properties of undoped and Sn doped κ‐Ga2O3 layers grown by epitaxial lateral overgrowth on TiO2/sapphire substrates using stripe and point masks show that the crystalline structure of the films can be greatly improved relative to conventional planar growth. The undoped films are semi‐insulating, with the Fermi level pinned near EC‐0.7 eV, and deep electron traps at EC‐0.5 eV and EC‐0.3 eV are detectable in thermally stimulated current and photoinduced current transient spectra measurements. Low concentration Sn doping results in net donor concentrations of ≈ 1013 cm−3, and deep trap spectra determined by electron traps at EC‐0.5 eV, and deep acceptors with an optical ionization threshold near 2 and 3.1 eV. Treatment of the samples in hydrogen plasma at 330 °C increases the donor density near the surface to ≈ 1019 cm−3. Such samples show strong persistent photocapacitance and photoconductivity, indicating the possible DX‐like character of the centers involved. For thin (5 µm) κ‐Ga2O3 films grown on GaN/sapphire templates, p‐type‐like behavior is unexpectedly observed in electrical properties and we discuss the possible formation of a 2D hole gas at the κ‐Ga2O3/GaN interface.
Graphene Functionalization of Polyrotaxane‐Encapsulated PEG‐Based PCMs: Fabrication and Applications
Authors: Yin Guang‐Zhong , Yang Xiao‐Mei , López Alba Marta , Molleja Javier García , Wang Mei‐Ting , Wang De‐Yi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) have received much attention regarding the thermal regulation of electronic devices. However, the main limitations of using organic PCMs are the low thermal conductivity and leakage during the phase change process. This work aims to improve these limitations to increase the thermal conductivity of the leakage‐proof PCM formed by a polyrotaxane that serves as a support material to encapsulate PEG. For this purpose, different contents of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) are blended. To facilitate its postindustrial production and to meet ecological standards, the synthesis of this PCM is simple and only using water as a solvent. The PCMs can be thermally processed conveniently by a hot press. Furthermore, the PCMs achieve high enthalpy values (132.9–142.9 J g−1) due to the action of GNPs as thermally conductive fillers. The PCMs exhibited an increase of 60–257% in thermal conductivity values with higher GNP content, and show great shape stability and no leakage during phase change. These improvements solve the main problems of organic PCMs, thus making PLR‐PEG‐GNP‐based materials a good candidate for use as thermal energy storage materials in industrial applications as thermoregulators of solid‐state disks or realizing the “shaving peaks and filling valleys” effect for thermoelectric generators.
Sustainable Morphing Matter: Design and Engineering Practices
Authors: Patel Dinesh K. , Zhong Ke , Xu Haiqing , Islam Mohammad F. , Yao Lining 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMorphing matter that change shapes and properties in response to external stimuli have gained significant interests in material science, robotics, biomedical engineering, wearables, architecture, and design. Along with functional advances, there is growing pressure and interest in considering the environmental impact of morphing matter during its life cycle. The unique manufacturing and usage of morphing matter means that existing sustainable design frameworks and principles for general physical products may not apply directly. For example, manufacturing morphing matter often requires designing and predicting materials' behaviors over time, and using devices fabricated with morphing matter often involves harnessing renewable energy and self‐reconfiguration, which pose unique sustainability opportunities and challenges. This study reflects and summarizes the field's practice in sustainable manufacturing, transport, use, and end‐of‐life handling of morphing matter. The term “sustainable morphing matter” (SMM) is coined, suggesting that sustainability‐conscious factors can become an integral component of morphing matter. In addition, ways to apply sustainability‐conscious factors to augment the existing design pipeline of morphing matter are presented, and more quantitative and algorithmic‐level developments are needed to apply these factors rigorously to the design process.
Self‐Powered Fire Alarm System with Layer‐by‐layer Graphene Oxide/Chitosan Nanocoating of Flame‐Retardant Nanofilms
Authors: Liu Chia Hao , Chen Chih Chia , Guo Zhong Wei , Fuh Yiin Kuen , Li Tomi T. 
Published: August 2023

This study develops a self‐powered fire alarm system that utilizes a sandwich‐like self‐powered fire sensor (SSFS) with a simple system to prevent room fires. The SSFS is small, flame‐retardant, and can be easily installed on furniture or doors. The SSFS uses a nanogenerator constructed by poly(vinylidenefluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) (PVDF‐TrFE) nanofibers and a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) to produce electrical power by harvesting motion energy. This nanogenerator can fully charge capacitors in a few minutes and produces a maximum voltage output of 6.47 V. The SSFS also features two flame‐retardant melamine foams (MFs) coated with graphene oxide (GO) and a chitosan multilayer nanocoating that is fabricated by layer‐by‐layer technology (LBL technology). While encountering a high‐temperature situation, the electrical state of MFs changes from insulated to conductive, triggering the fire alarm light in about four seconds. The sandwich‐like design allows the SSFS to respond to a variety of fire alarm situations, especially in the case where both the top and bottom of the fire alarm sensor are exposed to flame (bilateral fire burning). It is such an innovative research to decrease the delay time of fire‐warning by using this sandwich‐like design fire sensor. The nanogenerator can keep the warning working for 22 s after the initial trigger, which produces enough time to ensure people stay clear of the fire source. All in all, this study presents a novel approach to reducing the risk of building fires through a lightweight and self‐powered fire alarm system that harvests motion energy using piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs).
Fully Inkjet‐Printed, 2D Materials‐Based Field‐Effect Transistor for Water Sensing
Authors: Sui Xiaoyu , Rangnekar Sonal V. , Lee Jaesung , Liu Stephanie E. , Downing Julia R. , Chaney Lindsay E. , Yan Xiaodong , Jang Hyun‐June , Pu Haihui , Shi Xiaoao , Zhou Shiyu , Hersam Mark C. , Chen Junhong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite significant progress in solution‐processing of 2D materials, it remains challenging to reliably print high‐performance semiconducting channels that can be efficiently modulated in a field‐effect transistor (FET). Herein, electrochemically exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets are inkjet‐printed into ultrathin semiconducting channels, resulting in high on/off current ratios up to 103. The reported printing strategy is reliable and general for thin film channel fabrication even in the presence of the ubiquitous coffee‐ring effect. Statistical modeling analysis on the printed pattern profiles suggests that a spaced parallel printing approach can overcome the coffee‐ring effect during inkjet printing, resulting in uniform 2D flake percolation networks. The uniformity of the printed features allows the MoS2 channel to be hundreds of micrometers long, which easily accommodates the typical inkjet printing resolution of tens of micrometers, thereby enabling fully printed FETs. As a proof of concept, FET water sensors are demonstrated using printed MoS2 as the FET channel, and printed graphene as the electrodes and the sensing area. After functionalization of the sensing area, the printed water sensor shows a selective response to Pb2+ in water down to 2 ppb. This work paves the way for additive nanomanufacturing of FET‐based sensors and related devices using 2D nanomaterials.
Iron‐Catalyzed Oxyphosphorylation of Styrenes to Access β‐Ketophosphonates and α, β‐Unsaturated Ketones
Authors: Zhao Yukun , Xu Jingwen , Chen Hongbing , Xia Yi , Hu Lin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe first iron‐catalyzed oxophosphorylation of styrene derivatives with dialkyl H‐phosphonates under open air conditions is developed, which generates a range of previously underexplored α‐substituted β‐ketophosphonates in 55~70% yields. Furthermore, a convenient one‐pot procedure by direct conversion of styrenes to α, β‐unsaturated ketones is also developed based on the new catalytic reactions, thus offering a protocol to access two classes of valuable products from simple starting materials.
Nanostructured AABB Zn (II) Phthalocyanines as Photodynamic Agents for Bacterial Inactivation
Authors: Paramio Irene , Salazar Ainhoa , Jordà‐Redondo Mireia , Nonell Santi , Torres Tomás , de la Torre Gema 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work, the ability of amphiphilic Phthalocyanine (Pc) photosensitizers (PS) (Zn(II)Pcs PS1, PS2, and PS3) to assemble into cationic nanoparticles in water and to photo‐inactivate bacterial strains is demonstrated. All the synthesized Zn(II)Pcs exhibit an AABB functionalization pattern, having a binaphthyloxy‐linked bisisoindole (AA) functionalized at the chiral binaphthol core with branched (PS1) or linear (PS2 and PS3) poly‐ammonium chains, and two non‐functionalized isoindole rings (BB). The aggregation behavior and the stability of the nanoparticles formed by the three PS in water is studied by UV–vis, fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies, and their shape and size is determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The PS nanoparticles prove efficient in the photoinactivation of S. aureus and E. coli. Although PS2 and PS3 present better photophysical features in their monomeric form (i.e., improved singlet oxygen quantum yield), PS1 is more effective in killing both types of strains, especially the gram‐negative E. coli. This observation may derive from the low stability found for PS1 nanoparticles, which easily disassemble after binding to the bacteria surface, recovering the photophysical properties of the non‐aggregated species.
SEMPAI: a Self‐Enhancing Multi‐Photon Artificial Intelligence for Prior‐Informed Assessment of Muscle Function and Pathology
Authors: Mühlberg Alexander , Ritter Paul , Langer Simon , Goossens Chloë , Nübler Stefanie , Schneidereit Dominik , Taubmann Oliver , Denzinger Felix , Nörenberg Dominik , Haug Michael , Schürmann Sebastian , Horstmeyer Roarke , Maier Andreas K. , Goldmann Wolfgang H. , Friedrich Oliver , Kreiss Lucas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeep learning (DL) shows notable success in biomedical studies. However, most DL algorithms work as black boxes, exclude biomedical experts, and need extensive data. This is especially problematic for fundamental research in the laboratory, where often only small and sparse data are available and the objective is knowledge discovery rather than automation. Furthermore, basic research is usually hypothesis‐driven and extensive prior knowledge (priors) exists. To address this, the Self‐Enhancing Multi‐Photon Artificial Intelligence (SEMPAI) that is designed for multiphoton microscopy (MPM)‐based laboratory research is presented. It utilizes meta‐learning to optimize prior (and hypothesis) integration, data representation, and neural network architecture simultaneously. By this, the method allows hypothesis testing with DL and provides interpretable feedback about the origin of biological information in 3D images. SEMPAI performs multi‐task learning of several related tasks to enable prediction for small datasets. SEMPAI is applied on an extensive MPM database of single muscle fibers from a decade of experiments, resulting in the largest joint analysis of pathologies and function for single muscle fibers to date. It outperforms state‐of‐the‐art biomarkers in six of seven prediction tasks, including those with scarce data. SEMPAI's DL models with integrated priors are superior to those without priors and to prior‐only approaches.
Pre‐rRNA Facilitates TopBP1‐Mediated DNA Double‐Strand Break Response
Authors: Xin Di , Gai Xiaochen , Ma Yidi , Li Zexing , Li Qilin , Yu Xiaochun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn response to genotoxic stress‐induced DNA damage, TopBP1 mediates ATR activation for signaling transduction and DNA damage repair. However, the detailed molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, using unbiased protein affinity purification and RNA sequencing, it is found that TopBP1 is associated with pre‐ribosomal RNA (pre‐rRNA). Pre‐rRNA co‐localized with TopBP1 at DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs). Similar to pre‐rRNA, ribosomal proteins also colocalize with TopBP1 at DSBs. The recruitment of TopBP1 to DSBs is suppressed when cells are transiently treated with RNA polymerase I inhibitor (Pol I‐i) to suppress pre‐rRNA biogenesis but not protein translation. Moreover, the BRCT4‐5 of TopBP1 recognizes pre‐rRNA and forms liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) with pre‐rRNA, which may be the molecular basis of DSB‐induced foci of TopBP1. Finally, Pol I‐i treatment impairs TopBP1‐associated cell cycle checkpoint activation and homologous recombination repair. Collectively, this study reveals that pre‐rRNA plays a key role in the TopBP1‐dependent DNA damage response.
Retraction: Photoactivatable Hsp47: A Tool to Regulate Collagen Secretion and Assembly
Authors: Khan Essak S. , Sankaran Shrikrishnan , Paez Julieta I. , Muth Christina , Han Mitchell K. L. , del Campo Aránzazu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdv. Sci. 2019, 6, 1801982DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801982The above article, published online on May 3, 2019, in Wiley Online Library (https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201801982), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor‐in‐Chief Kirsten Severing, and Wiley‐VCH GmbH. The retraction has been agreed on following concerns raised by a third party and a subsequent investigation by the corresponding authors. Data depicted in Figure 4 and Figure 5 could not be reproduced in follow‐up experiments. Therefore, the conclusions associated with those figures in the article are considered invalid.E.S.K. participated in the study design, performed measurements, analyzed the data, compiled the figures and participated in manuscript writing. A.d.C. and S.S. participated in the study design, research supervision, and manuscript writing. J.I.P. participated in the study design. M.K.L.H. participated in research supervision and manuscript revision. C.M. assisted with the experimental procedures and data collection.
Integrating Conjugated Polymers with Bacteriorhodopsin to Realize Quasi Dual‐Gate Organic Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Chen Pei‐Yu , Ko Ling‐Ning , Chen Yen‐Yu , Yang Chii‐Shen , Lai Yu‐Ying 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFour conjugated polymers are integrated with a bacteriorhodopsin D94N‐HmBRI in organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) with the device architecture of doped Si bottom gate/SiO2 bottom electric/semiconducting polymer/Au electrodes/D94N‐HmBRI top dielectric. Photosensitivity of D94N‐HmBRI in the devices is validated. It is proposed that light activates the conformational change of all‐trans retinal to 13‐cis retinal in D94N‐HmBRI. The D94N‐HmBRI layer then applies momentary dipoles to the semiconductors, affecting threshold voltage, resulting in photosensitivity. Film‐thickness variation, capacitance determination, and grazing‐incidence X‐ray scattering are performed to support the proposed working principle. Quasi dual‐gate OFETs with a highly doped silicon wafer as the bottom gate and light as the top gate are thus realized by combining conjugated polymers with D94N‐HmBRI.
Tantalum Nitride‐Enabled Solar Water Splitting with Efficiency Above 10%
Authors: Pihosh Yuriy , Nandal Vikas , Higashi Tomohiro , Shoji Ryota , Bekarevich Raman , Nishiyama Hiroshi , Yamada Taro , Nicolosi Valeria , Hisatomi Takashi , Matsuzaki Hiroyuki , Seki Kazuhiko , Domen Kazunari 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDesigning photoanode semiconducting materials with visible‐light absorption and minimal charge‐carrier recombination for achieving efficient solar‐to‐hydrogen (STH) conversion is challenging. Here, hybrid Ta3N5 nanorods and thin films are developed on transparent GaN/Al2O3 substrates. A Ta3N5 photoanode with a loaded cocatalyst achieves the best current density, i.e. 10.8 mA cm−2, at 1.23 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode under simulated AM 1.5G solar illumination. In a tandem configuration with dual‐CuInSe2 photovoltaic cells, this semi‐transparent photoanode achieves a reproducible STH energy conversion efficiency of ≈12% (the highest among photocatalytic materials), and remains at more than 10% for 6.7 h of tandem device operation. Detailed transient absorption spectroscopy and theoretical analysis indicates that this high performance originates from efficient light absorption and hole utilization inside the Ta3N5 material. The results show the feasibility of suppressing dominant optical and charge‐carrier‐ recombination losses by using nanostructured visible‐light‐absorbing materials for practical STH conversion.
Effect of irrigation termination times on cotton cultivars with contrasting maturities
Authors: Lawson Bailey , Snider John L. , Hand Lavesta C. , Porter Wesley , Vellidis George , Lee Joshua M. , Chalise Devendra Prasad , Parkash Ved , Pokhrel Amrit , Kaur Navneet 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOptimizing irrigation termination time can save water and preserve lint yield and fiber quality in cotton. Although there is currently an irrigation termination recommendation in Georgia, the ideal time for termination could be influenced by cultivar differences in maturity. The hypotheses of this study were that differential irrigation termination times will affect lint yield, fiber quality, and incidence of hardlock and boll rot, and responses will be dependent on cultivar differences in maturity. In 2021 and 2022, a study was conducted in Camilla, GA, using two cotton cultivars with contrasting maturities under four irrigation termination treatments. Irrigation was terminated at cutout, first open boll, 2 weeks after first open boll, and 4 weeks after first open boll. Measurements included plant growth, cutout date, lint yield, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), fiber quality, and incidence of boll diseases. Gas exchange measurements and percent open boll estimates at each irrigation termination time were also conducted. Terminating irrigation at cutout did not significantly affect yield in either year; however, IWUE increased 12.6% relative to current recommendations and 13.2% relative to the latest termination time in the 2022 season. Cultivars differed significantly in cutout date, agronomic maturity, gas exchange rates, yield, hardlock/boll rot incidence, and fiber quality. However, there was no interaction between cultivar and irrigation termination time for any parameter. We conclude that irrigation can be terminated at cutout to maximize IWUE, for early and late‐maturing cultivars, without limiting yield or fiber quality, assuming a water‐replete soil profile at termination.
Machine learning‐based model predictive control of hybrid dynamical systems
Authors: Hu Cheng , Wu Zhe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article presents a machine learning‐based model predictive control (MPC) scheme for stabilization of hybrid dynamical systems, for which the evolution of states exhibits both continuous and discrete dynamics described by differential and difference equations, respectively. We first present the development of two recurrent neural networks (RNNs) for approximating continuous‐ and discrete‐time dynamics of hybrid dynamical systems, respectively, and then construct a unified hybrid RNN by integrating the two RNN models to capture both continuous and discrete dynamics. The hybrid RNN is used as the prediction model in Lyapunov‐based MPC (RNN‐LMPC), under which closed‐loop stability of hybrid dynamical systems is established. Finally, two case studies including a bouncing ball example and a chemical process are utilized to illustrate the open‐ and closed‐loop performance of the proposed RNN‐LMPC scheme.