bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parliament and the English County Magistrate: The Parliamentary Aspirations of Sir George Onesiphorus Paul 1780–1810*
Authors: Ryland‐Epton Louise 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCounty magistrates in Georgian England enjoyed an enviable amount of power. However, their influence was not restricted to the sphere of their county. Instead, Westminster's dependence upon them for the operation of local government, to conduct judicial practise and help create domestic policy, meant that, for good or ill, they potentially had a pivotal role within the workings of the English state and formed a critical link between parliament and government and the English localities. Surprisingly, despite this, magistrates’ individual and collective influence upon the English parliament remains largely uncharted.This article considers the influence magistrates had on parliament 1780–1810 through a case study of the career of one, Sir George Onesiphorus Paul. An examination is made of the impact of magistrates on the creation of legislation and the selection and election of MPs, and through these, their influence upon the activities of parliamentary representatives. It demonstrates the relationship between magistrates and parliament could be a strong and productive one. Magistrates had a significant impact on the creation of legislation. Sometimes their intervention was solicited to effect change, but at other times they initiated the process themselves, and, in so doing, magistrates, like Paul, garnered the support of MPs or even directed their legislative activities. However, there were limitations to the influence of the magistracy as Paul's thwarted broader political ambitions attests.
COVID‐19 and reported mortality cases among rheumatic disease patients in Kuwait: Data from the Global Rheumatology Alliance registry
Authors: Abutiban Fatemah , Saleh Khulood , Hayat Sawsan , Tarakmah Hoda , Al‐Herz Adeeba , Ghanem Aqeel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMycophenolate mofetil and rituximab have been shown to be considerably associated with poorer outcomes following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Such agents were associated with longer hospital stay as well as severe COVID‐19 outcomes (infection‐related complications, intensive care unit admission, and mortality). Using the data of the COVID‐19 Global Rheumatology Alliance (GRA) registry of inflammatory rheumatic disease (IRD) patients in Kuwait, who had COVID‐19 from March 2020 to March 2021, revealed 4 mortality cases (3 cases used CD‐20 inhibitors as monotherapy and 1 case used mycophenolate mofetil/mycophenolic acid as monotherapy). This article describes the characteristics and course of disease among 4 patients with IRD who died following COVID‐19 infection at Jaber Al Ahmed Hospital, Kuwait. The current series raises the intriguing prospect that IRD patients may have a varying risk of unfavorable clinical outcomes depending on the type of biological agents they were given. Rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil should be used with caution in IRD patients, particularly if they have concomitant comorbidities that put them at a high likelihood of developing severe COVID‐19 outcomes.
Use of amino acid isotope analysis to investigate capital versus income breeding strategies in migratory avian species
Authors: Lübcker Nico , Whiteman John P. , Shipley Oliver N. , Hobson Keith A. , Newsome Seth D. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Income and capital breeding represent opposing ends of a continuum of reproductive strategies. Quantifying nutrient allocation to reproduction is challenging, but recent advances in compound‐specific stable isotope analysis hold promise for tracing the source of individual compounds allocated to reproduction.

Here, we describe a novel approach of using measured carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope values of individual amino acids (AAs) in pectoral muscle of egg‐laying females and egg yolk as a useful tool to quantify the reliance on income versus capital breeding in migrating species. We used white‐fronted (Anser albifrons frontalis), lesser snow (A. caerulescens caerulescens) and black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) geese breeding in tundra ecosystems of northern Alaska as model organisms.

All three species relied on mixed capital–income breeding strategies, but models based on AA isotope data estimated higher proportional contributions of endogenous resources to yolk synthesis compared to results based on bulk tissue isotope analyses.

Tracing income versus capital nutrient allocation in migratory species at the compound level is a major advance from the current ‘elemental’ perspective obtained from bulk tissue stable isotope analyses. Our framework is applicable to all taxonomic groups, as long as there is a sufficient spatial or temporal isotopic gradient between resources obtained during the breeding and non‐breeding periods.
Sonotype‐level responses of Afrotropical hipposiderid bats to local‐scale effects of rainforest structure
Authors: Mande Claude , Kirkpatrick Lucinda , Van Cakenberghe Victor , De Bruyn Luc , Laudisoit Anne , Gembu Guy‐Crispin , Verheyen Erik 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBats exhibit a variety of life‐history traits that can serve as valuable surrogate metrics of terrestrial ecosystem health. Here, we investigate how sonotype activity of hipposiderid bats covaries with habitat structure at finer spatial scales. We recorded passive echolocation calls and measured key habitat attributes in six rainforests in the Lomami and Yangambi landscapes, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Using bat passes as a measure of sonotype activity, we clustered echolocation calls based on call structure similarity to control for within‐sonotype variation in activity. Over 432 h of recording, we detected 370 passes matching a hipposiderid sonotype in three subgroups, recovering eight potential species. Open habitats negatively affected sonotype activity in the Hipposideros subgroup, which was associated with higher echolocation frequencies. Indeed, activity peaked in the early evening when mean post‐sunset temperature was above the nocturnal average and declined until early morning when mean temperatures dropped below the nightly average. All habitat variables were marginally correlated with the activity of the Doryrhina subgroup, whereas Macronycteris was more active in open habitats. Our findings indicate a probable flexibility of habitat use in lower echolocating bats and point to three possible foraging guilds that modulate hipposiderid bat responses to habitat structure.
Exploring the impact of remoteness on people with head and neck cancer: Utilisation of a state‐wide dataset
Authors: Foley Jasmine , Wishart Laurelie R. , Ward Elizabeth C. , Burns Clare L. , Packer Rebecca L. , Philpot Shoni , Kenny Lizbeth M. , Stevens Maurice 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveLiving in regional/rural areas can impact outcomes for people with head and neck cancer (HNC). Using a comprehensive state‐wide dataset, the impact of remoteness on key service parameters and outcomes for people with HNC was examined.MethodsRetrospective quantitative analysis of routinely collected data held within the Queensland Oncology Repository.DesignQuantitative methods (descriptive statistics, multivariable logistic regression and geospatial analysis).SettingAll people diagnosed with HNC in Queensland, Australia.ParticipantsThe impact of remoteness was examined in 1991 people (1171 metropolitan, 485 inner‐regional, 335 rural) with HNC cancer diagnosed between 2013 and 2015.Main Outcome MeasuresThis paper reports key demographics and tumour characteristics (age, gender, socioeconomic status, First Nations status, co‐morbidities, primary tumour site and staging), service use/uptake (treatment rates, attendance at multidisciplinary team review and timing to treatment) and post‐acute outcomes (readmission rates, causes of readmission and 2‐year survival). In addition to this, the distribution of people with HNC across QLD, distances travelled and patterns of readmission were also analysed.ResultsRegression analysis revealed remoteness significantly (p < 0.001) impacted access to MDT review, receiving treatment, and time to treatment commencement, but not readmission or 2‐year survival. Reasons for readmission did not differ by remoteness, with dysphagia, nutritional inadequacies, gastrointestinal disorders and fluid imbalance indicated in the majority of readmissions. Rural people were significantly (p < 0.0001) more likely to travel to care and to readmit to a different facility than provided primary treatment.ConclusionsThis study provides new insights into the health care disparities for people with HNC residing in regional/rural areas.
What determines incumbent vote in Indonesia? Understanding the roles of economic conditions, religiousness, political ideology, and incumbent performance
Authors: Yustisia Whinda , Eka Putra Idhamsyah , Hakim Moh Abdul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates possible factors leading to voting for a presidential incumbent in Indonesia, a Muslim‐majority democratic country. In addition to economic factors, we argue that religious‐psychological factors will also play a role. However, they may operate through different mechanisms. Using data from a national survey ( N = 1088), we found some support for our hypotheses. We found that economic factors (objective personal economy and subjective national economy, but not subjective personal economy) had significant direct relationships with the incumbent vote. In contrast, religiousness did not directly correlate significantly with the vote. Indirect effect analyses showed that incumbent evaluation mediated the relationship between economic factors (except for objective economic conditions) and the incumbent vote. On the other hand, we did not find a mediating role of incumbent performance evaluation in the relationship between religiousness and incumbent vote. Rather, we found a significant mediation effect of political ideology. We also found that the relationship between religiousness and the incumbent vote was mediated by political ideology and incumbent performance evaluation in serial. These findings suggest a stronger effect of non‐religious than religious factors. However, the indirect effect analysis suggests that the role of religiousness is not negligible.
On Accounting Firms Serving Small and Medium‐Sized Enterprises: A Review, Synthesis and Research Agenda
Authors: Ali Zahid , Mustafa Ghulam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper systematically reviews the body of literature on accounting firms that serve small and medium‐sized enterprises. It seeks to present the status quo, reflect on inconsistent views, uncover gaps and suggest avenues for future research. Following a database search and referral scan, 54 empirical studies published in peer‐reviewed journals are identified and used for the analysis. We group the sample studies into three clusters according to commonalities in the topics addressed. A further analysis of individual clusters enables us to conclude that the role of accounting firms as business advisors is yet to be substantiated due to the absence of high‐quality research in international settings. It also becomes evident that although organisational and institutional factors affect the demand for services from accounting firms, individual factors act as conditions that activate the demand. Our review also reveals deficiencies in the majority of previous studies to incorporate potential moderating variables and mediating mechanisms while examining the relationship between service acquisition and expected outcomes. This paper contributes to the ongoing knowledge debates regarding the changing nature of accounting firms, client–accountant relationships and service acquisition outcomes by specifically focusing on accounting firms at the lower end of the professional field.
Morality analysis: Reducing moral backlash to public policy
Authors: Mills Brent 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWidely used policy development processes rarely systematically consider differing moral values, which can lead to overlooked risks, ineffective communications and suboptimal policy design. This article introduces morality analysis, a policy tool that draws on moral foundations theory to optimize policy and program design, build public support for policies and present key advice to decision‐makers. Morality analysis is used to examine the case of a controversial vaccination incentive program introduced by the Government of Alberta in late 2021 and identify policy options that would likely have prompted less public backlash. This article suggests that morality analysis should supplement the policy analysis toolkit.
Phylogenetic community patterns suggest Central Indian tropical dry forests are structured by montane climate refuges
Authors: Grant Kyle R. , Davies T. Jonathan , Harish Sachin Medigeshi , Dar Javid Ahmad , Kothandaraman Subashree , Ray Tapas , Malasiya Dinesh , Dayanandan Selvadurai , Khan Mohammed Latif 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimWe used an eco‐phylogenetic approach to investigate the diversity and assembly patterns of tropical dry forests (TDFs) in Central India. We aimed at informing conservation and restoration practices in these anthropogenically disturbed forests by identifying potential habitats of conservation significance and elements of regional biodiversity most vulnerable to human impact and climate change.LocationTropical dry forests of Madhya Pradesh, Central India.MethodsWe analysed the species richness, stem density, basal area and phylogenetic structure (standardized effect size of MNTD, MPD, PD and community evolutionary distinctiveness cED) of 117 tree species assemblages distributed across a ~230 to ~940 m elevational gradient. We examined how these community measures and taxonomic (Sørensen) and phylogenetic (UniFrac) beta diversity varied with elevation, precipitation, temperature and climatic stress.ResultsSpecies richness, phylogenetic diversity, stem density and basal area were positively correlated with elevation, with high‐elevation plots exhibiting cooler temperatures, higher precipitation and lower stress. High‐elevation assemblages also trended towards greater phylogenetic dispersion, which diminished at lower elevations and in drier, more stressful plots. Phylogenetic turnover was observed across the elevation gradient, and species evolutionary distinctiveness increased at lower elevations and under harsher abiotic conditions.Main ConclusionsHarsher abiotic conditions at low elevations may act as a selective filter on plant lineages, leading to phylogenetically clustered low‐diversity assemblages. These assemblages contained more evolutionarily distinct species that may contribute disproportionately to biodiversity. Conversely, milder abiotic conditions at high elevations may serve as refuges for drought‐sensitive species, resulting in more diverse assemblages. Conservation practices that prioritize both high‐ and low‐elevation habitats could promote the persistence of evolutionarily distinct species and areas of high biodiversity within the Central Indian landscape. Establishing connectivity between these habitats may provide a range of climatic conditions for species to retreat to or persist within as climates change.
Range contractions and reduced body mass predicted for endemic skinks of the Cameroon Volcanic Line with future warming
Authors: Kameni N. Michèle Marina , Landry Yuan Félix , Gonwouo N. LeGrand , Tapondjou N. Walter Paulin , Allen Kaitlin E. , Fomena Abraham , Tsang Toby P. N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThe vulnerability of montane species to environmental change has been increasingly recognized in recent years. However, most of these species are regionally endemic with restricted distributions, limiting dispersal necessary for avoiding extinction. The outcome of threats posed for montane lizards is further complicated in species exhibiting mass–temperature relationships where body size increases with cooling temperatures, and thus with altitude, causing intraspecific physiological and behavioural differences. We aimed to identify areas suitable for montane endemic skinks of the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL) under current and future climates to reveal patterns of persistence and vulnerability based on an intersection of climate and body mass.LocationCameroon Volcanic LineMethodsWe recorded occurrences and measured body mass in the field for two CVL‐endemic skink species. We supplemented occurrences with online repository records. We projected current and future habitat suitability in the region by implementing bioclimatic species distribution models‐based on occurrences. We tested for elevational variations in body mass, and integrated both occurrence and body mass information in a trait‐based model to estimate current and future body mass.ResultsProjected currently suitable habitat for both species was limited to higher elevation regions, which are inhabited by numerous other threatened herpetofauna. We additionally detected Bergmann clines in body mass for both species. Given this variation in body mass, trait model projections covered slightly larger geographical ranges than bioclimatic estimates. Under future warming, both models project substantial contractions in suitable areas, potentially constraining species to mountain tops. Through the trait‐based approach, we further detected potential warming‐induced body mass reductions in projected suitable areas.Main ConclusionsWe demonstrate how combining occurrence records with species trait information in ecological modelling can reveal complementary trends for comprehensive warming impact assessments. Overall, challenges toward the persistence of CVL‐endemic skinks should prompt urgent responses in national conservation management and local community engagement.
Relationship between hemoglobin, hemolysis, and transcranial Doppler velocities in children with sickle cell disease: Results from a long‐term natural history study in Italy in the era of multimodal therapy
Authors: Reggiani Giulia , Coppadoro Beatrice , Munaretto Vania , Pieroni Alessio , Viaro Federica , Manara Renzo , Beaubrun Anne , Biffi Alessandra , Baracchini Claudio , Sainati Laura , Colombatti Raffaella 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundStroke and cerebral vasculopathy are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a reliable and validated predictor of stroke risk. Children with conditional or abnormal TCD are at an increased risk for stroke, which can be mitigated by red blood cell transfusion or hydroxyurea. Elucidating the relationship between cerebral hemodynamics and hemolytic anemia can help identify novel therapeutic approaches to reduce stroke risk and transfusion dependence.MethodsThis long‐term, real‐world study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of TCD imaging (TCDi)‐assessed flow velocities in children and to interrogate their relationship with markers of anemia and hemolysis.ResultsIn total, 155 children (median follow‐up 79.8 months, 1358.44 patient‐years) had 583 evaluable TCDi results. Only patients with HbSS or HbSβ0 had abnormal (1.6%) or conditional (10.9%) TCDi. Children with abnormal or conditional TCDi had lower hemoglobin (Hb) and higher hemolysis markers. A linear correlation was detected between TCD velocity and Hb: an Hb increase of 1 g/dL corresponded to decreases in velocity in the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries (6.137 cm/s and 7.243 cm/s). Moreover, patients with Hb >9 g/dL presented a lower risk of TCDi‐associated events.ConclusionThese results support the need to optimize disease‐modifying treatments that increase Hb and reduce hemolysis for stroke prevention in young children with SCD.
Is (self‐)reflection a form of intentionality? Sartre's dilemma
Authors: Dozzi Marco D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSartre maintains that “all consciousness is consciousness of something.” Idiosyncratically, he also understands this “intentionality principle” to entail that what consciousness is “of” is necessarily distinct from it (or “outside of” it, or “transcendent to” it). Nonetheless, he also maintains that all consciousness is necessarily conscious of—or rather, “(of)”—itself in a non‐intentional (in his terms: “non‐positional/non‐thetic”) manner. Given that this non‐positional/thetic self‐consciousness is not intentional, it is evidently immune to the “difference” principle, but this is less clear with respect to self‐reflection (which Sartre simply calls “reflection”). It seems impossible for reflection to be “intentional” because intentionality entails difference—yet it also seems problematic to consider reflection “non‐intentional” because it then becomes difficult to distinguish reflection from non‐positional/thetic self‐consciousness as such (which is inherently “unreflective”). This can be called Sartre's “dilemma of reflection.” While Sartre seems to alternate between portraying reflection as intentional and as non‐intentional (it generally appears like the former), this paper argues that it should be conceived as both according to different respects. By piecing together various passages of Sartre's texts and drawing out their implications, Sartre can be shown to have the resources for an answer to his own dilemma.
The impact of rising temperatures on the prevalence of coral diseases and its predictability: A global meta‐analysis
Authors: Burke Samantha , Pottier Patrice , Lagisz Malgorzata , Macartney Erin L. , Ainsworth Tracy , Drobniak Szymon M. , Nakagawa Shinichi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCoral reefs are under threat from disease as climate change alters environmental conditions. Rising temperatures exacerbate coral disease, but this relationship is likely complex as other factors also influence coral disease prevalence. To better understand this relationship, we meta‐analytically examined 108 studies for changes in global coral disease over time alongside temperature, expressed using average summer sea surface temperature (SST) and cumulative heat stress as weekly sea surface temperature anomalies (WSSTAs). We found that both rising average summer SST and WSSTA were associated with global increases in the mean and variability in coral disease prevalence. Global coral disease prevalence tripled, reaching 9.92% in the 25 years examined, and the effect of ‘year’ became more stable (i.e. prevalence has lower variance over time), contrasting the effects of the two temperature stressors. Regional patterns diverged over time and differed in response to average summer SST. Our model predicted that, under the same trajectory, 76.8% of corals would be diseased globally by 2100, even assuming moderate average summer SST and WSSTA. These results highlight the need for urgent action to mitigate coral disease. Mitigating the impact of rising ocean temperatures on coral disease is a complex challenge requiring global discussion and further study.
A Century of World Conferences on Faith and Order
Authors: Mateus Odair Pedroso 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn February 2022, the central committee of the World Council of Churches (WCC) agreed the proposal for a World Conference on Faith and Order to be held in 2025 to coincide with the 1700th anniversary of the Council of Nicaea. This will be the sixth such world conference since the First World Conference on Faith and Order was held in 1927 in Lausanne, Switzerland. Against this background, this article reviews the history of the World Conferences on Faith and Order from the origins of the Faith and Order movement to the Fifth World Conference on Faith and Order in 1993. Although created autonomous and self‐governing, organized around regular world conferences, with the creation of the WCC in 1948, the Faith and Order movement became a commission of the WCC.