bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pedagogical processes and standard dialect use: Implications for creative multilingual interaction from a Yorùbá‐language classroom in southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Agoke Adeola 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn many language classrooms in multilingual nations, standard dialects are associated with and promoted in formal domains. Through classroom pedagogical processes that reify standard language use, other dialects are relegated to informal domains and therefore devalued in classroom settings. Informed by critical pedagogy, this article challenges the reification of standard dialects and examines their relationship with learners’ language use through an analysis of a Yorùbá‐language classroom in southwestern Nigeria. Findings from ethnographic data—classroom observations, instructor interviews, educational language policy, and curricular documents—show that learners’ social, linguistic, and cultural experiences interacted with and sometimes contradicted classroom expectations. I argue that the expectation of standard dialect use stifles fluid interaction in the classroom but, paradoxically, triggers learners’ linguistic creativity. To bridge the gap between classroom expectations and learners’ experiences, I call for an alternative pedagogy that privileges language users’ multilingual realities for optimizing standard language use in the classroom context. The article also contributes to ongoing conversations in applied linguistics about standard dialect use and the lack of affirmation of learners’ linguistic creativity in educational contexts.
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and field‐based observations of rainfall‐triggered landslides from the November 2021 storm, Gisborne/Tairāwhiti, New Zealand
Authors: Cook Matt , Brook Martin , Cave Murry 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGisborne/Tairāwhiti is particularly susceptible to rainfall‐triggered landslides on account of (1) steep slopes, (2) young, soft geology, (3) landuse change effects. The interplay of these factors led to a particularly damaging rainfall‐induced landsliding event during 3–7 November 2021, following >200 mm of rainfall. This caused a Multiple Occurrence Regional Landslide Event, impacting residential properties and infrastructure in the city and rural areas. We report mainly on landslides in Gisborne city and suburbs, based on field reconnaissance and interferometric synthetic aperture radar monitoring of slopes. This highlights prevailing land instability prior to the more recent ex‐Tropical Cyclone Gabrielle (2023).
Dynamic regulation of chromatin accessibility during melanocyte stem cell activation
Authors: Lee Seoyeon , An Luye , Soloway Paul D. , White Andrew C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMelanocyte stem cells (McSCs) of the hair follicle are necessary for hair pigmentation and can serve as melanoma cells of origin when harboring cancer‐driving mutations. McSCs can be released from quiescence, activated, and undergo differentiation into pigment‐producing melanocytes during the hair cycle or due to environmental stimuli, such as ultraviolet‐B (UVB) exposure. However, our current understanding of the mechanisms regulating McSC stemness, activation, and differentiation remains limited. Here, to capture the differing possible states in which murine McSCs can exist, we sorted melanocyte nuclei from quiescent (telogen) skin, skin actively producing hair shafts (anagen), and skin exposed to UVB. With these sorted nuclei, we then utilized single‐nucleus assay for transposase‐accessible chromatin with high‐throughput sequencing (snATAC‐seq) and characterized three melanocyte lineages: quiescent McSCs (qMcSCs), activated McSCs (aMcSCs), and differentiated melanocytes (dMCs) that co‐exist in all three skin conditions. Furthermore, we successfully identified differentially accessible genes and enriched transcription factor binding motifs for each melanocyte lineage. Our findings reveal potential gene regulators that determine these melanocyte cell states and provide new insights into how aMcSC chromatin states are regulated differently under divergent intrinsic and extrinsic cues. We also provide a publicly available online tool with a user‐friendly interface to explore this comprehensive dataset, which will provide a resource for further studies on McSC regulation upon natural or UVB‐mediated stem cell activation.
Updates in hematopoietic cell transplant and cellular therapies that enhance the risk for opportunistic infections
Authors: Cuvelier Geoffrey D. E. , Paulson Kristjan , Bow Eric J. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundInfectious disease physicians may be asked to evaluate and manage a variety of infections in immunocompromised hosts undergoing hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and cellular therapies. Over the last decade, several advances in cellular therapy have occurred, with implications for the types of infectious complications that may be seen.AimsThe purpose of this review is to update the infectious disease physician on newer advances in HCT and cellular therapy, including haploidentical transplant, expanding indications for transplant in older individuals and children, and chimeric antigen receptor T‐cells. We will review how these advances might influence infectious disease complications following HCT. We will also provide a perspective that infectious disease physicians can use to evaluate the degree of immune suppression in an individual patient to help determine the type of infections that may be encountered.
The impact of climate change on international trade: A gravity model estimation
Authors: Martínez‐Martínez Alejandra , Esteve‐Pérez Silviano , Gil‐Pareja Salvador , Llorca‐Vivero Rafael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe aim of this article is to analyse the impact of climate change on bilateral trade flows. To this end, we estimate a theory‐grounded gravity model using bilateral trade flows on a sample of 67 countries over the period from 1986 to 2016. We use temperatures and extreme weather events (and their consequences) as indicators of climate change. In general, we find that international trade flows are less affected by the evolution of temperatures than domestic ones, while the opposite occurs with extreme weather events. However, there is a clear heterogeneity across countries and types of events. In particular, the results suggest that biological events, such as (epidemics and insect infestation), extreme temperatures, storms and landslides have a negative impact on international flows relative to internal ones. Interestingly, the influence of China and Japan on the global result is decisive, especially for storms in the first case and extreme temperatures in the second. Finally, our General Equilibrium estimations suggest a more detrimental impact of insect infestation and extreme temperatures on welfare than the rest of events.
Experimental Study and Simulation of Thermal Conductivity of Saturated Frozen Soil
Authors: Ren Zhifeng , Wang Enliang , Liu Jiankun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to enhance the accuracy of predicting the temperature field of frozen soil and to reduce the workload of thermal parameter testing. To achieve this, we employed a three-phase model comprising soil, water, and ice. The unfrozen water content in frozen soil at varying temperatures was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), while the thermal conductivity was measured by a thermal characteristic analyzer. A matlab software-based random model of the frozen soil was then established and imported into COMSOL simulation software. The repeatability and reproducibility of the established model were verified by varying the proportions of pore water and frozen ice to determine the degree of simulation accuracy.The results demonstrated that the unfrozen water content maintained a dynamic equilibrium relationship with temperature, which influenced the thermal conductivity of frozen soil. The simulation results were consistent with those obtained from instrument measurements of trends with respect to temperature. The average PBIAS value between the calculated and measured values was 0.0139, indicating theoretical feasibility. Comparison with experimental data confirmed the effectiveness of our approach, providing a novel concept and a simple method for predicting the temperature field of frozen soil engineering in areas that experience seasonal freezing.
Associations of Recreational and Nonrecreational Physical Activity and Body Weight Change on Cardiovascular Disease Mortality During the Obesogenic Transition in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Follow-up Study
Authors: Cheema Birinder S. , Shi Zumin , White Rhiannon L. , Atlantis Evan 
Published: July 2023

Background: To investigate cardiovascular disease mortality associated with longitudinal changes in body weight, and recreational and nonrecreational physical activity during the obesogenic transition in the United States since the 1970s. Methods: Data were analyzed from 4921 individuals aged 25–74 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 1971 and 1979 and follow-up studies to 1992. Mortality was confirmed by searching the National Death Index or proxy interview; clinical data were collected in person. Changes in self-reported recreational and nonrecreational physical activity categories over time were coded as stable, increase, or decrease. Competing risks regression was used to determine hazard ratios adjusted for covariates. A logit model in a generalization method was used to explore mediation effects of change in body weight. Results: Compared with the “moderate–vigorous stable” group (reference), individuals who remained inactive (“inactive stable”) or reduced their participation in physical activity (“active to inactive”) experienced the highest mortality, with a 50% to 176% and 22% to 222% relative increased hazard ratios for nonrecreational and recreational physical activity, respectively, across all models adjusted for covariates. This corresponded to significant loss of life (up to 3 y; all P < .05). Individuals who became active (“inactive to active”) were not at increased risk. We found weak (but nonstatistically significant) evidence of mediation effects of body weight change on mortality. Conclusions: Longitudinal changes in moderate–vigorous recreational and nonrecreational physical activity were important predictors of cardiovascular disease mortality during the obesogenic transition period in the United States and were mostly unexplained by changes in body weight.
Embedding Aboriginal cultural governance, capacity, perspectives and leadership into a local Public Health Unit Incident Command System during COVID-19 in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Crooks Kristy , Law Charlee , Taylor Kylie , Brett Katie , Murray Peter , Kohlhagen Julie , Hope Kirsty , Durrheim David N 
Published: July 2023

This case study describes the development and implementation of a governance structure that prioritised First Nations peoples in a local public health Incident Command System activated for the COVID-19 pandemic response in New South Wales, Australia. Using lessons learnt from past pandemics and planning exercises, public health leaders embedded an approach whereby First Nations peoples determined and led community and culturally informed pandemic control strategies and actions.In March 2020, First Nations governance was embedded into the local public health emergency response to COVID-19 in the Hunter New England region of New South Wales, Australia, enabling First Nations staff and community members to actively participate in strategic and operational decision-making with the objective of minimising COVID-19-related risks to First Nations peoples and communities. The model provided cultural insight and oversight to the local COVID-19 response; strengthened and advanced First Nations leadership; increased the First Nations public health workforce; led the development of First Nations disease surveillance strategies; and supported working groups to appropriately respond to local needs and priorities. This model demonstrates the feasibility of reframing a standard Incident Command System to embed and value First Nations principles of self-determination and empowerment to appropriately plan and respond to public health emergencies.
Swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography metrics of retinal ischaemic perivascular lesions in patients being evaluated for carotid artery stenosis and controls
Authors: Drakopoulos Michael , Zhang David L , Cheng Brian T , Sadiq Saena Arifeen , Nadel Arnold , Marchese Alessandro , Eskandari Mark , Mirza Rukhsana G 
Published: July 2023

Background/aimsRetinal microvascular ischaemia may produce localised middle retinal disruption with corresponding scotoma, a phenomenon termed paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM). Small chronic middle retinal atrophic lesions termed retinal ischaemic perivascular lesions (RIPLs) appear qualitatively similar to PAMM lesions and have recently been hypothesised to result specifically from PAMM. However, no studies have quantitatively demonstrated an ischaemic origin of RIPLs. We quantitatively investigated the pathophysiology of RIPLs and their relationship with PAMM with swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA).MethodsA total of 14 controls and 25 patients being evaluated for carotid artery stenosis (CAS) were enrolled. SS-OCTA imaging of each eye was taken. Projection-resolved en face 6 mm × 6 mm superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) images were quantitatively analysed with two algorithms for changes in vessel linear density (VLD) and vessel tortuosity (VT) at RIPLs relative to both the immediately surrounding macula and the entire macula, as well as between eyes with RIPLs and eyes without RIPLs.ResultsAll controls and 22 of 25 CAS patients were included in the analysis. RIPLs demonstrated a localised decrease in DCP VLD in CAS patients and controls. RIPLs tended to show a localised decrease in SCP VLD in CAS patients but a localised increase in controls. No changes in VT were found. Eyes with RIPLs had VLD and VT similar to their RIPL-free fellow eyes.ConclusionRIPLs are associated with quantifiable local, but not global, ischaemia, supporting the idea of shared pathophysiology with classic PAMM lesions along a continuum of ischaemia severity.
COVID-19 in congenital heart disease (COaCHeD) study
Authors: Chivers Sian , Cleary Aoife , Knowles Rachel , Babu-Narayan Sonya V , Simpson John M , Nashat Heba , Dimopoulos Konstantinos , Gatzoulis Michael A , Wilson Dirk , Prica Milos , Anthony James , Clift Paul F , Jowett Victoria , Jenkins Petra , Khodaghalian Bernadette , Jones Caroline B , Hardiman Antonia , Head Catherine , Miller Owen , Chung Natali AY , Mahmood Umar , Bu'Lock Frances A , Ramcharan Tristan KW , Chikermane Ashish , Shortland Jennifer , Tometzki Andrew , Crossland David S , Reinhardt Zdenka , Lewis Clive , Rittey Leila , Hares Dominic , Panagiotopoulou Olga , Smith Benjamin , Najih L Muhammad , Bharucha Tara , Daubeney Piers EF 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundCOVID-19 has caused significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is likely to increase vulnerability and understanding the predictors of adverse outcomes is key to optimising care.ObjectiveAscertain the impact of COVID-19 on people with CHD and define risk factors for adverse outcomes.MethodsMulticentre UK study undertaken 1 March 2020–30 June 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected on CHD diagnoses, clinical presentation and outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression with multiple imputation was performed to explore predictors of death and hospitalisation.ResultsThere were 405 reported cases (127 paediatric/278 adult). In children (age <16 years), there were 5 (3.9%) deaths. Adjusted ORs (AORs) for hospitalisation in children were significantly lower with each ascending year of age (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.96 (p<0.01)). In adults, there were 24 (8.6%) deaths (19 with comorbidities) and 74 (26.6%) hospital admissions. AORs for death in adults were significantly increased with each year of age (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.10 (p<0.01)) and with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH; OR 5.99, 95% CI 1.34 to 26.91 (p=0.02)). AORs for hospitalisation in adults were significantly higher with each additional year of age (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.05 (p=0.04)), additional comorbidities (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.31 to 7.97 (p=0.01)) and genetic disease (OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.04 to 7.94 (p=0.04)).ConclusionsChildren were at low risk of death and hospitalisation secondary to COVID-19 even with severe CHD, but hospital admission rates were higher in younger children, independent of comorbidity. In adults, higher likelihood of death was associated with increasing age and PAH, and of hospitalisation with age, comorbidities and genetic disease. An individualised approach, based on age and comorbidities, should be taken to COVID-19 management in patients with CHD.
Effects of short-term exposure to simulated microgravity on the physiology of Bacillus subtilis and multiomic analysis
Authors: Su Xiaolei , Fang Tingzheng , Fang Lin , Wang Dapeng , Jiang Xuege , Liu Changting , Zhang Honglei , Guo Rui , Wang Junfeng 
Published: July 2023

In our study, Bacillus subtilis was disposed to a simulated microgravity (SMG) environment in high-aspect ratio rotating-wall vessel bioreactors for 14 days, while the control group was disposed to the same bioreactors in a normal gravity (NG) environment for 14 days. The B. subtilis strain exposed to the SMG (labeled BSS) showed an enhanced growth ability, increased biofilm formation ability, increased sensitivity to ampicillin sulbactam and cefotaxime, and some metabolic alterations compared with the B. subtilis strain under NG conditions (labeled BSN) and the original strain of B. subtilis (labeled BSO). The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) associated with an increased growth rate, such as DNA strand exchange activity, oxidoreductase activity, proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, and biosynthetic process, were significantly upregulated in BSS. The enhanced biofilm formation ability may be related with the DEPs of spore germination and protein processing in BSS, and differentially expressed genes involved in protein localization and peptide secretion were also significantly enriched. The results revealed that SMG may increase the level of related functional proteins by upregulating or downregulating affiliated genes to change physiological characteristics and modulate growth ability, biofilm formation ability ( epsB, epsC, epsN), antibiotic sensitivity ( penP) and metabolism. Our experiment may gives new ideas for the study of space microbiology.
UA CountyGold imidazoline herbicide-resistant nontransgenic open-pollinated spring Brassica napus canola
Authors: Rahman Habibur 
Published: July 2023

UA CountyGold is an imidazoline herbicide-resistant open-pollinated nontransgenic spring Brassica napus L. canola cultivar developed from UA BountyGold × UA AlfaGold cross following pedigree breeding method and registered in Canada in 2021. The pedigree of UA CountyGold contains winter canola germplasm. On average, UA CountyGold yielded 3152 kg ha− 1. It flowered and matured 4.5–6.5 days later; however, it had better straw stiffness than the Western Canada Canola/Rapeseed Recommending Committee (WCC/RRC) check cultivars. This cultivar had about 0.9% higher oil in seed and 1.5% higher protein in meal, and 0.7% lower saturated fatty acids in the seed oil than the WCC/RRC checks, and rated as moderately resistant to blackleg disease.
Association between Outdoor Light at Night and Prostate Cancer in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study
Authors: Chowdhury-Paulino Ilkania M. , Hart Jaime E. , James Peter , Iyer Hari S. , Wilt Grete E. , Booker Benjamin D. , Nethery Rachel C. , Laden Francine , Mucci Lorelei A. , Markt Sarah C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Circadian disruption is a potential risk factor for advanced prostate cancer, and light at night (LAN) exposure may disrupt circadian rhythms. We evaluated whether outdoor LAN increases the risk of prostate cancer.

Methods:
We prospectively followed 49,148 participants in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study from 1986 through 2016. We estimated baseline and cumulative time-varying outdoor LAN with ∼1 km2 resolution using data from the US Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Operational Linescan System, which was assigned to participants’ geocoded addresses. Participants reside in all 50 U.S. states and reported a work or home address. We used multivariable Cox models to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between outdoor LAN and risk of overall (7,175 cases) and fatal (915 cases) prostate cancer adjusting for individual and contextual factors.

Results:
There was no association between the interquartile range increase in cumulative LAN and total (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.98–1.06) or fatal (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.96–1.15) prostate cancer in adjusted models. However, there was a positive association between baseline LAN and total prostate cancer among non-movers (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.00–1.14) including among highly screened participants (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01–1.23).

Conclusions:
There was a suggestive positive association between baseline outdoor LAN and total prostate cancer. Additional studies with different measures of outdoor LAN and in more diverse populations are necessary.

Impact:
To our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal cohort study exploring the relationship between outdoor LAN and prostate cancer.