bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural‐based online finite‐time optimal tracking control for wheeled mobile robotic system with inequality constraints
Authors: Ding Liang , Zheng Miao , Li Shu , Yang Huaiguang , Gao Haibo , Deng Zongquan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, a finite‐time online optimal controller was designed for a nonlinear wheeled mobile robotic system (WMRS) with inequality constraints, based on reinforcement learning (RL) neural networks. In addition, an extended cost function, obtained by introducing a penalty function to the original long‐time cost function, was proposed to deal with the optimal control problem of the system with inequality constraints. A novel Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Bellman (HJB) equation containing the constraint conditions was defined to determine the optimal control input. Furthermore, two neural networks (NNs), a critic and an actor NN, were established to approximate the extended cost function and the optimal control input, respectively. The adaptation laws of the critic and actor NN were obtained with the gradient descent method. The semi‐global practical finite‐time stability (SGPFS) was proved using Lyapunov's stability theory. The tracking error converges to a small region near zero within the constraints in a finite period. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed optimal controller was verified by a simulation based on a practical wheeled mobile robot model.
Patient experiences with tissue‐based genomic testing during active surveillance for prostate cancer
Authors: Leapman Michael S. , Sutherland Ryan , Gross Cary P. , Ma Xiaomei , Seibert Tyler M. , Cooperberg Matthew R. , Catalona William J. , Loeb Stacy , Schulman‐Green Dena 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundTissue‐based gene expression (genomic) tests provide estimates of prostate cancer aggressiveness and are increasingly used for patients considering or engaged in active surveillance. However, little is known about patient experiences with genomic testing and its role in their decision‐making.MethodsWe performed a qualitative study consisting of in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews of patients with low‐ or favourable‐intermediate‐risk prostate cancer managed with active surveillance. We purposively sampled to include patients who received biopsy‐based genomic testing as part of clinical care. The interview guide focused on experiences with genomic testing during patients' decision‐making for prostate cancer management and understanding of genomic test results. We continued interviews until thematic saturation was reached, iteratively created a code key and used conventional content analysis to analyse data.ResultsParticipants' (n = 20) mean age was 68 years (range 51–79). At initial biopsy, 17 (85%) had a Gleason grade group 1, and 3 (15%) had a grade group 2 prostate cancer. The decision to undergo genomic testing was driven by both participants and physicians' recommendations; however, some participants were unaware that testing had occurred. Overall, participants understood the role of genomic testing in estimating their prostate cancer risk, and the test results increased their confidence in the decision for active surveillance. Participants had some misconceptions about the difference between tissue‐based gene expression tests and germline genetic tests and commonly believed that tissue‐based tests measured hereditary cancer risk. While some participants expressed satisfaction with their physicians' explanations, others felt that communication was limited and lacked sufficient detail.ConclusionPatients interact with and are influenced by the results of biopsy‐based genomic testing during active surveillance for prostate cancer, despite gaps in understanding about test results. Our findings indicate areas for improvement in patient counselling in order to increase patient knowledge and comfort with genomic testing.
Multiomics analysis reveals the biological effects of live Roseburia intestinalis as a high‐butyrate‐producing bacterium in human intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Song Won‐Suk , Jo Sung‐Hyun , Lee Jae‐Seung , Kwon Ji‐Eun , Park Ji‐Hyeon , Kim Ye‐Rim , Baek Ji‐Hyun , Kim Min‐Gyu , Kwon Seo‐Young , Kim Yun‐Gon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractButyrate‐producing bacteria play a key role in human health, and recent studies have triggered interest in their development as next‐generation probiotics. However, there remains limited knowledge not only on the identification of high‐butyrate‐producing bacteria in the human gut but also in the metabolic capacities for prebiotic carbohydrates and their interaction with the host. Herein, it was discovered that Roseburia intestinalis produces higher levels of butyrate and digests a wider variety of prebiotic polysaccharide structures compared with other human major butyrate‐producing bacteria (Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Roseburia hominis). Moreover, R. intestinalis extracts upregulated the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins (TJP1, OCLN, and CLDN3) in human intestinal epithelial cells more than other butyrate‐producing bacteria. R. intestinalis was cultured with human intestinal epithelial cells in the mimetic intestinal host–microbe interaction coculture system to explore the health‐promoting effects using multiomics approaches. Consequently, it was discovered that live R. intestinalis only enhances purine metabolism and the oxidative pathway, increasing adenosine triphosphate levels in human intestinal epithelial cells, but that heat‐killed bacteria had no effect. Therefore, this study proposes that R. intestinalis has potentially high value as a next‐generation probiotic to promote host intestinal health.
Additional cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia predict inferior event‐free survival
Authors: Zeng Hui , Dong Hai‐Bo , Zhang Qi‐Guo , Zhou Min , Zhang Qian , Chen Lan‐Xin , Yuan Cui‐Ying , Jiang Ru‐Ru , Liu Jin‐Wen , Ou‐Yang Jian , He Jie , Chen Bing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe innovative combination of all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) has established a new chapter of curative approach in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The disease characteristics and prognostic influence of additional cytogenetic abnormalities (ACA) in APL with modern therapeutic strategy need to be elucidated.MethodsIn the present study, we retrospectively investigated disease features and prognostic power of ACA in 171 APL patients treated with ATRA‐ATO‐containing regimens.ResultsPatients with ACA had markedly decreased hemoglobin levels than that without ACA (p = 0.021). Risk stratification in the ACA group was significantly worse than that in the non‐ACA group (p = 0.032). With a median follow‐up period of 62.0 months, worse event‐free survival (EFS) was demonstrated in patients harboring ACA. Multivariate analysis showed that ACA was an independent adverse factor for EFS (p = 0.033). By further subgroup analysis, in CD34 and CD56 negative APL, patients harboring ACA had inferior EFS (p = 0.017;p = 0.037).ConclusionsTo sum up, ACA remains the independent prognostic value for EFS, we should build risk‐adapted therapeutic strategies in the long‐term management of APL when such abnormalities are detected.
Mental health patient‐reported outcomes among adolescents and young adult cancer survivors: A systematic review
Authors: Tanner Sarah , Engstrom Teyl , Lee Wen Ray , Forbes Cheryl , Walker Rick , Bradford Natalie , Pole Jason D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients and survivors face significant mental health challenges throughout their cancer journey that are different to those faced by children and older adults. Patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) can be used to explore the experiences of AYAs, and to identify important issues and areas for potential improvement in quality of life.ObjectiveWe aimed to compare patient reported mental health outcomes between AYAs diagnosed with cancer and non‐cancer controls.MethodWe built on a larger systematic review of AYA cancer PROMs which searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsychINFO. This review identified 175 articles, which were filtered to those reporting on mental health and including a non‐cancer control group.ResultsWe identified 12 eligible studies. Seven studies (58%) found those diagnosed with cancer reported poorer mental health than the non‐cancer controls. The remaining five (42%) studies found no significant difference in severity or prevalence of mental health between the AYA cancer cohort and the healthy control group. Most (83%) were cross‐sectional studies, highlighting the need for further longitudinal assessment of this group throughout their journey.ConclusionsThe mental health outcomes feature conflicting results and illustrate the need for larger studies to characterise discrepancies.
Quality criteria for pediatric oncology centers: A systematic literature review
Authors: Schladerer Sarah P. , Otth Maria , Scheinemann Katrin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionSurvival of children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer improved over the last decades due to better diagnostics, treatment, and supportive care. Quality criteria that measure, compare, and make the quality of care of individual pediatric oncology centers more transparent are heterogeneous and inconsistent.AimWith this systematic review, we aimed to summarize existing quality criteria for pediatric oncology centers in countries with highly developed health‐care systems.MethodsWe searched three databases for publications, and websites for guidelines about quality criteria for pediatric oncology centers in February 2022. We considered all types of publications except expert opinions. We excluded publications not focusing on highly developed health‐care systems, addressing the certification of professionals, or focusing on subspecialties (e.g., pediatric neuro‐oncology). We discarded quality criteria if they were too specific (e.g., for a specific treatment center), too broad (e.g., national 5‐year overall survival), or if the aspect was covered by standardized clinical procedures or at the national level. We grouped the identified criteria thematically.ResultsWe identified 18 publications and guideline documents with 530 criteria, of which 201 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The combination of similar criteria resulted in 90 overarching criteria, which we assigned to the following categories: facilities and networks, multidisciplinary team and other experts, supportive care, treatment, long‐term care, and volume and numbers.ConclusionOur results provide a comprehensive overview of existing quality criteria for pediatric oncology in countries with highly developed health‐care systems. These criteria can serve as a basis to develop national quality criteria in pediatric oncology.
Association of immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy with arterial thromboembolic events in cancer patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Jie , Chen Yue , Zhang Yuanlong , Wang Wei , Wang Yujue , Lu Zhuo , Zhang Yulin , Lei Haike , Li Dairong , Long Bo , Liu Haixia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as a standard treatment for various malignancies. However, research indicates blocking the immune checkpoint pathway may exacerbate atherosclerotic lesions.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate whether ICI therapy increases the risk of arterial thromboembolic events (ATEs).MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with histologically confirmed cancer at our institution between 2018 and 2021, using the propensity score matching method. The primary endpoint was ATEs occurrence, comprising acute coronary syndrome, stroke/transient ischemic attack, and peripheral arterial thromboembolism. Subgroup analyses assessed whether the ICI treatment effect on ATEs varied over time by limiting the maximum follow‐up duration. Logistic regression analysis identified ATE risk factors in ICI‐treated patients.ResultsOverall, the ICI group (n = 2877) demonstrated an ATEs risk 2.01 times higher than the non‐ICI group (RR, 2.01 [95% CI (1.61–2.51)]; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed no significant increase in ATEs risk for ICI‐treated patients within 1 year (Limited to a max 9‐month follow‐up, p = 0.075). However, ATEs risk in the ICI group rose by 41% at 1 year (p = 0.010) and 97% at 4 years (p ≤ 0.001). Age, diabetes, hypertension, peripheral atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, chronic ischemic heart disease, distant cancer metastasis, and ICI treatment cycles contributed to ATEs risk elevation in ICI‐treated patients.ConclusionICI‐treated patients may exhibit a higher risk of ATEs, especially after 1 year of treatment.
Simple yet (more?) effective. Venous thromboembolism risk assessment model for germ cell tumour patients receiving first‐line chemotherapy
Authors: Michalski Wojciech , Poniatowska Grażyna , Jońska‐Gmyrek Joanna , Żółciak‐Siwińska Agnieszka , Zastawna Inga , Lemiński Artur , Macios Anna , Jakubczyk Michał , Demkow Tomasz , Wiechno Paweł 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundGerm cell tumours (GCT) are highly curable malignancies. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication, needing better risk assessment models (RAM).AimIdentification of VTE incidence and risk factors in metastatic GCT patients starting first‐line chemotherapy. Developing a RAM and comparing it to Khorana risk score (KRS) and Padua Prediction Score (PPS).Material and methodsWe retrospectively analysed GCT patients staged IS–IIIC. VTE risk factors were identified with logistic regression. Area under curve of receiver operating characteristic (AUC‐ROC), Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria (AIC, BIC) were calculated for the developed RAM, KRS and PPS.ResultsAmong 495 eligible patients, VTE occurred in 69 (13.9%), including 40 prior to chemotherapy. Vein compression (OR: 8.96; 95% CI: 2.85–28.13; p < 0.001), clinical stage IIIB‐IIIC (OR: 5.68; 95% CI: 1.82–17.70; p = 0.003) and haemoglobin concentration (OR for 1 g/dL decrease: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.03–1.67; p = 0.026) were significant in our RAM. KRS ≥ 3 (OR: 3.31; 95% CI: 1.77–6.20; p < 0.001), PPS 4–5 (OR: 3.06; 95% CI: 1.49–6.29; p = 0.002) and PPS > 5 (OR 8.05; 95% CI 3.79–17.13; p < 0.001) correlated with VTE risk. Diagnostic criteria (AUC‐ROC, AIC, BIC) for the developed RAM, KRS and PPS were (0.885; 0.567; −1641), (0.588; 0.839; −1576) and (0.700; 0.799; −1585), respectively. In the numerical score, the optimal cut‐off point for high‐risk was ≥9, with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of 0.78, 0.77, 0.35 and 0.96, respectively.ConclusionsOur RAM, based on vein compression, clinical stage and haemoglobin concentration proved superior to both KRS and PPS. VTE is frequent in GCT patients.
Heterogeneous treatment effects of adjuvant therapy for patients with cervical cancer in the intermediate‐risk group
Authors: Taguchi Ayumi , Kato Kosuke , Hara Konan , Furusawa Akiko , Nakajima Yujiro , Ishizawa Chihiro , Tanikawa Michihiro , Sone Kenbun , Mori Mayuyo , Shimada Muneaki , Okamoto Aikou , Takekuma Munetaka 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy of adjuvant therapy for patients with cervical cancer with intermediate risk (CC‐IR) remains controversial. We examined the impact of adjuvant therapy on survival outcomes in patients with CC‐IR and evaluated the heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) of adjuvant therapies based on clinicopathologic characteristics.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed a previous Japanese nationwide cohort of 6192 patients with stage IB–IIB cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy. We created two pairs of propensity score‐matched treatment/control groups to investigate the treatment effects of adjuvant therapies: (1) adjuvant therapy versus non‐adjuvant therapy; (2) chemotherapy versus radiotherapy conditional on adjuvant therapy. Multivariate analyses with treatment interactions were performed to evaluate the HTEs.ResultsAmong the 1613 patients with CC‐IR, 619 and 994 were in the non‐treatment and treatment groups, respectively. Survival outcomes did not differ between the two groups: 3‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) rates were 88.1% and 90.3% in the non‐treatment and treatment groups, respectively (p = 0.199). Of the patients in the treatment group, 654 and 340 received radiotherapy and chemotherapy, respectively. Patients who received chemotherapy had better PFS than those who received radiotherapy (3‐year PFS, 90.9% vs. 82.9%, p = 0.010). Tumor size was a significant factor that affected the treatment effects of chemotherapy; patients with large tumors gained better therapeutic effects from chemotherapy than those with small tumors.ConclusionAdjuvant therapy is optional for some patients with CC‐IR; however, chemotherapy can be recommended as adjuvant therapy, particularly for patients with large tumors.
OS and DFS are affected by different diagnostic methods and hysterectomy procedures in endometrial cancer patients: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Sun Haiying , Zhang Long , Fu Peiying , Liu Ronghua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to evaluate whether hysteroscopy increases the risk of intraperitoneal dissemination or worsens the prognosis of endometrial carcinoma (EC) patients and whether radical hysterectomy (RH) improves overall survival (OS) or disease‐free survival (DFS) in patients with stage II to III EC and to investigate the effects of different procedures for identifying EC and the effects of different surgical methods on the OS and DFS of endometrial cancer patients.MethodsFour hundred sixty‐five women with EC were included in this retrospective study. Log‐rank tests and Kaplan–Meier analysis were used for the outcome comparisons of the effects of the EC diagnostic method and different hysterectomy procedures. A Cox proportional hazards model was used for univariate regression analysis.ResultsAmong the three procedures for diagnosing EC (diagnostic curettage, hysteroscopy, and hysterectomy), the incidences of fallopian tube and ovarian invasion were not significantly different (p = 0.506 and 0.066, respectively). The diagnostic methods for EC had no significant effect on OS (p = 0.577) or DFS (p = 0.294). In addition, type II RH and type III RH did not improve the prognosis of patients with FIGO stage II and III disease (log‐rank p = 0.914 and 0.810 for OS; log‐rank p = 0.707 and 0.771 for DFS, respectively).ConclusionBased on the current study evidence, the use of diagnostic hysteroscopy procedures is safe and does not increase the risk of fallopian tube and ovarian invasion of intraperitoneal dissemination or worsen the prognosis of EC patients. Type II and type III RH did not demonstrate a benefit for stage II‐III EC patients.
Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Novel Derivatives of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones Based on Oleanolic Acid: in Vitro and in Silico Studies against Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Şenol Halil , Ghaffari‐Moghaddam Mansour , Bulut Şeyma , Akbaş Fahri , Köse Aytekin , Topçu Gülaçtı 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHerein, new derivatives of α,β‐unsaturated ketones based on oleanolic acid (4 a–i) were designed, synthesized, characterized, and tested against human prostate cancer (PC3). According to the in vitro cytotoxic study, title compounds (4 a–i) showed significantly lower toxicity toward healthy cells (HUVEC) in comparison with the reference drug doxorubicin. The compounds with the lowest IC50 values on PC3 cell lines were 4 b (7.785 μM), 4 c (8.869 μM), and 4 e (8.765 μM). The results of the ADME calculations showed that the drug‐likeness parameters were within the defined ranges according to Lipinski's and Jorgensen's rules. For the most potent compounds 4 b, 4 c, and 4 e, a molecular docking analysis using the induced fit docking (IFD) protocol was performed against three protein targets (PARP, PI3K, and mTOR). Based on the IFD scores, compound 4 b had the highest calculated affinity for PARP1, while compound 4 c had higher affinities for mTOR and PI3K. The MM‐GBSA calculations showed that the most potent compounds had high binding affinities and formed stable complexes with the protein targets. Finally, a 50 ns molecular dynamics simulation was performed to study the behavior of protein target complexes under in silico physiological conditions.
Functions and mechanism of noncoding RNA in regulation and differentiation of male mammalian reproduction
Authors: Hashemi Karoii Danial , Azizi Hossein 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNoncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are active regulators of a wide range of biological and physiological processes, including the majority of mammalian reproductive events. Knowledge of the biological activities of ncRNAs in the context of mammalian reproduction will allow for a more comprehensive and comparative understanding of male sterility and fertility. In this review, we describe recent advances in ncRNA‐mediated control of mammalian reproduction and emphasize the importance of ncRNAs in several aspects of mammalian reproduction, such as germ cell biogenesis and reproductive organ activity. Furthermore, we focus on gene expression regulatory feedback loops including hormones and ncRNA expression to better understand germ cell commitment and reproductive organ function. Finally, this study shows the role of ncRNAs in male reproductive failure and provides suggestions for further research.
The Antimicrobial Properties of PdII− and RuII−pyta Complexes**
Authors: van Niekerk Annick , Joseph M. Cassiem , Kavanagh Angela , Dinh Hue , Swarts Andrew J. , Mapolie Selwyn F. , Zuegg Johannes , Cain Amy K. , Elliott Alysha G. , Blaskovich Mark A. T. , Frei Angelo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInfections associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are poised to become the leading cause of death in the next few decades, a scenario that can be ascribed to two phenomena: antibiotic over‐prescription and a lack of antibiotic drug development. The crowd‐sourced initiative Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery (CO‐ADD) has been testing research compounds contributed by researchers around the world to find new antimicrobials to combat AMR, and during this campaign has found that metallodrugs might be a promising, yet untapped source. To this end, we submitted 18 PdII− and RuII−pyridyl−1,2,3‐triazolyl complexes that were developed as catalysts to assess their antimicrobial properties. It was found that the Pd complexes, especially Pd1, possessed potent antifungal activity with MICs between 0.06 and 0.125 μg mL−1 against Candida glabrata. The in‐vitro studies were extended to in‐vivo studies in Galleria mellonella larvae, where it was established that the compounds were nontoxic. Here, we effectively demonstrate the potential of PdII−pyta complexes as antifungal agents.