bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative taxonomy of the pseudoscorpion family Chernetidae (Pseudoscorpiones: Cheliferoidea): evidence for new range-restricted species in the Dinaric Karst
Authors: Hlebec Dora , Harms Danilo , Kučinić Mladen , Harvey Mark S 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Despite the recent advent of molecular data to assess the phylogeny of many invertebrate groups, the systematics of the pseudoscorpion family Chernetidae is unresolved, even though it comprises a quarter of the world’s generic pseudoscorpion diversity. We derive a preliminary molecular phylogeny of chernetids to assess subfamilial and generic monophyly using mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (28S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and H3) markers. Three chernetid subfamilies have previously been recognized and Lamprochernetinae, originally defined based on T-shaped spermathecae, is recovered here but expanded to include the Old-World tropical genus Verrucachernes. In contrast, the genera Conicochernes and Calymmachernes of the subfamily Goniochernetinae are nested within the largest subfamily, Chernetinae. Three new subterranean species of the Palearctic genus Lasiochernes are also described from the Dinaric Karst: L. marinaeHlebec & Harvey, sp. nov., L. jalziciHlebec & Harvey, sp. nov., and L. pavlekaeHlebec & Harvey, sp. nov.. The former two species are single-cave endemics but L. pavlekae sp. nov. is more widespread. The relative lack of genetic structuring in this species, including haplotype sharing between sampling localities, together with a patchy distribution, suggests that its biogeography is probably shaped by multiple vector-mediated dispersal events, rather than geomorphological history. Due to their rarity, we discourage further collecting of Lasiochernes in this subterranean biodiversity hotspot.
Knowledge-embedded spatio-temporal analysis for euploidy embryos identification in couples with chromosomal rearrangements
Authors: Chen Fangying , Xie Xiang , Cai Du , Yan Pengxiang , Ding Chenhui , Wen Yangxing , Xu Yanwen , Gao Feng , Zhou Canquan , Li Guanbin , Mai Qingyun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:
The goal of the assisted reproductive treatment is to transfer one euploid blastocyst and to help infertile women giving birth one healthy neonate. Some algorithms have been used to assess the ploidy status of embryos derived from couples with normal chromosome, who subjected to preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) treatment. However, it is currently unknown whether artificial intelligence model can be used to assess the euploidy status of blastocyst derived from populations with chromosomal rearrangement.

Methods:
From February 2020 to May 2021, we collected the whole raw time-lapse videos at multiple focal planes from in vitro cultured embryos, the clinical information of couples, and the comprehensive chromosome screening results of those blastocysts that had received PGT treatment. Initially, we developed a novel deep learning model called the Attentive Multi-Focus Selection Network (AMSNet) to analyze time-lapse videos in real time and predict blastocyst formation. Building upon AMSNet, we integrated additional clinically predictive variables and created a second deep learning model, the Attentive Multi-Focus Video and Clinical Information Fusion Network (AMCFNet), to assess the euploidy status of embryos. The efficacy of the AMCFNet was further tested in embryos with parental chromosomal rearrangements. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the superiority of the model.

Results:
A total of 4112 embryos with complete time-lapse videos were enrolled for the blastocyst formation prediction task, and 1422 qualified blastocysts received PGT-A (n = 589) or PGT for chromosomal structural rearrangement (PGT-SR, n = 833) were enrolled for the euploidy assessment task in this study. The AMSNet model using seven focal raw time-lapse videos has the best real-time accuracy. The real-time accuracy for AMSNet to predict blastocyst formation reached above 70% on the day 2 of embryo culture, and then increased to 80% on the day 4 of embryo culture. Combing with 4 clinical features of couples, the AUC of AMCFNet with 7 focal points increased to 0.729 in blastocysts derived from couples with chromosomal rearrangement.

Conclusion:
Integrating seven focal raw time-lapse images of embryos and parental clinical information, AMCFNet model have the capability of assessing euploidy status in blastocysts derived from couples with chromosomal rearrangement.
Benefits for cardiovascular system, bone density, and quality of life of a long-term hormone therapy in hysterectomized women: a 20-year follow-up study
Authors: Lorite Maria Isabel , Cuadros Angela Maria , Rivera-Izquierdo Mario , Sanchez-Martin Victoria , Cuadros Marta 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
The safety, consequences, and dosage of long-term hormone therapy (HT) for postmenopausal women remain unclear. Our aim was to analyze the effects of HT after 20 years of therapy in women after hysterectomy, focusing on the symptoms of menopause, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and bone density.

Methods
A prospective observational longitudinal study was designed. The initial transdermal estradiol dose was reduced in half (0.025 mg/d) at 60 years of age. Different parameters including demographic, cardiovascular, bone density, and metabolic variables, as well as quality of life characteristics, were analyzed using bivariate analyses. Multivariate generalized estimating equations for longitudinal data were fitted for differences over time and between doses (<60 vs ≥60 y) using the R package geepack.

Results
After 20 years of HT, the mean age of 56 studied hysterectomized women was 67.1 years. The mean Kupperman index score decreased from 26.7 to 12.0 (P < 0.001). A trend with total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increase was observed over time. A decrease in very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.05) and an increase in T score vertebral densitometry (P = 0.014) were detected after HT. No changes in health outcome were detected in women older than 60 years with the reduced dose of HT. Breast cancer was the reason for dropouts in 0.02% women.

Conclusions
HT for up to 20 years after hysterectomy may be beneficial for bone and cardiovascular health and for the overall quality of life. Our data suggest the importance of evaluating the dose and the timing of HT.
Influencing factors on women's attitudes toward hormone therapy acceptance for menopause treatment: a systematic review
Authors: Pershad Anita , Morris Joshua M. , Shearer Katie , Pace Diane , Khanna Pallavi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Importance
There is a paucity of data on recent attitudes and perceptions toward hormone therapy use, especially subsequent reanalysis and follow-up of Women's Health Initiative data.

Objective
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the factors influencing women's attitudes and perceptions toward hormone therapy use for menopausal symptoms.

Evidence Review
We conducted a comprehensive search of several medical databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Quality assessment was performed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Statement for cross-sectional studies. A search was conducted for cross-sectional articles published from January 2012 to March 2023 in English medical databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar). Search keywords included “hormone therapy,” “acceptance,” “menopause,” “attitudes,” “influence,” “factor,” “estrogen,” “perimenopause,” “postmenopause,” and “climacteric.” Studies evaluating factors that influenced women's attitudes toward hormone therapy were identified.

Findings
A total of 1,280 articles were initially identified. Twenty-one articles were ultimately included in the review after screening studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The studies were conducted between 2012 and 2023 and included a total of 40,226 participants. The most common positive factor included awareness of the existence and efficacy of hormone therapy. The most common negative factors included concern for general adverse effects and negative perception of hormone therapy from family and friends. The factors assessed in this review on women's attitudes toward hormone therapy acceptance for menopause treatment were categorized into three main themes: (1) demographic factors, (2) environmental/contextual factors, and (3) health care–related factors.

Conclusions and Relevance
Hormone therapy can be a safe and effective tool to improve the quality of life in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with vasomotor and genitourinary symptoms. However, there are many complex factors that shape women's perceptions of the efficacy, safety, and accessibility of hormone therapy. Healthcare providers should seek to understand these factors to better discuss the benefits and risks with women and assist with decision making based on cultural, personal, and environmental factors.
“Quick flutter skip”: midlife women's descriptions of palpitations
Authors: Carpenter Janet S. , Fagan Rileigh , Alzahrani Mofareh A. , Jaynes Heather A. , Tisdale James E. , Kovacs Richard J. , Chen Chen X. , Draucker Claire B. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study is to describe peri- and postmenopausal women's experiences of palpitations (quality, frequency, severity, distress, duration and temporal pattern, aura, associated symptoms, and aggravating/alleviating factors) and related healthcare experiences.

Methods
Qualitative descriptive methods were used. Semistructured interviews were conducted with women who reported palpitations and were enrolled in a larger case-control pilot study comparing electrocardiographic results between women with and without palpitations. Authors analyzed women's narratives using standard content analytic procedures.

Results
Fourteen participants (mean age, 54.5 y [SD = 4.8 y]; range, 46-62 y; 79% postmenopausal) completed interviews. The interviews revealed that women (a) often had difficulty describing their palpitations until prompted by the interviewer; (b) experienced noteworthy variations in the quality and other dimensions of their palpitations; (c) had a wide variety of healthcare experiences related to their palpitations, including not reporting their symptoms to providers, having providers dismiss their symptoms, and having providers be aware of their symptoms and provide diagnostic tests; and (d) at times, created worst case scenarios (downward shifts) under which they would seek treatment for their palpitations, thus enabling them to minimize their symptoms and avoid healthcare.

Conclusion
This study advances understanding of how women describe their palpitations and related healthcare experiences. Findings could have implications for building research and clinical tools to guide assessment, communication, and/or education for patients and/or providers about palpitations and for developing and testing behavioral interventions to address this poorly understood symptom in peri- and postmenopausal women.
Adjuvant Topical Interferon Alpha 2b for the Treatment of Monkeypox Ocular Manifestations
Authors: Arteaga-Rivera José Y. , Vigderovich-Cielak Itamar , Ramirez-Miranda Arturo , González Andrea , Frías-Jimenez Emmanuel , Arriaga-Guzman Ivonne E. , Sierra Madero Juan G. , Navas Alejandro , Graue-Hernandez Enrique O. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to report a case of ocular Mpox that responded favorably to treatment with topical interferon and oral doxycycline.

Methods:
This is a case report of a previously healthy 24-year-old woman who developed a pustular rash, headache, fever, arthralgia, sore throat, and asthenia 3 weeks before attending to our clinic. Her main complaint at the moment of the visit was pain, photophobia, foreign body sensation, blurred vision, red eye, and discharge on the left eye. The slit-lamp examination of the left eye showed severe conjunctival hyperemia associated with tarsal follicles, 360 degrees ciliary injection, diffuse corneal epithelial edema with white linear epithelial infiltrates, pigmented and nonpigmented keratic precipitates, and two 1-mm peripheral corneal ulcers with white infiltrates, associated with positive fluorescein staining. Anterior chamber cellularity and flare were mildly present.

Results:
Mpox with ocular manifestations diagnosis was confirmed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay (qRT-PCR) testing; samples were taken from corneal, conjunctival, and nasopharynx swab as well as a skin scab. Topical interferon alpha 2b 1 MIU/mL every 6 hours for 1 month and oral doxycycline 100 mg BID were administered along with other medications with consequent decrease of inflammation and malaise symptoms 1 week later, associated with uncorrected visual acuity improvement.

Conclusions:
Alternative and efficacious treatment options for Mpox ocular manifestations are needed to prevent further disease progression and sequelae in countries with no access to the gold-standard therapy. Topical interferon alpha 2b and oral doxycycline have shown adequate response as shown with this patient.
Effects of Workplace Variables on Workers Intentions to Misuse Prescription Opioids
Authors: Weaver GracieLee , Hansen William B. , Ruppert Scarlett , Tabassum Quazi Minhaz , Hebard Stephen , Milroy Jeffrey , Wyrick David 
Published: August 2023

Objective
Workers in industries with high rates of opioid dispensing as well as those with high rates of non-fatal work-related injuries are at greater risk for opioid misuse, which can lead to addiction, overdose, or death.

Methods
Using secondary cross-sectional data collected from 856 healthcare workers, this pilot study examines a conceptual model for workers’ intentions to seek out prescription opioids and intentions to use opioids at higher doses over longer periods.

Results
Results showed significant protective effects of beliefs, injunctive and subjective norms, and behavioral control on intentions to seek out opioids. On intentions to use higher doses over a longer time, knowledge, beliefs, behavioral control, patient-provider communication, workplace safety, and workplace autonomy had significant protective effects.

Conclusions
Findings from this study could be used to inform future multilevel interventions to prevent opioid misuse among employee populations.
Transmastoid Facial Nerve Decompression for Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia
Authors: Lee Andrew S. , Teh Bing M. , Alexiades George 
Published: August 2023

Objective
We document the first successful transmastoid surgical treatment of facial nerve palsy for a patient with craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD), a rare genetic disease.

Patient
A 9-month-old girl with bilateral facial nerve palsies and conductive hearing loss. Genetic testing made a diagnosis of CMD, and imaging showed narrowing of the facial nerve canals and ossicular fixation.

Intervention
Right transmastoid facial nerve decompression and ossicular chain reconstruction.

Main Outcome Measure
Facial nerve function (House-Brackmann grade).

Results
Facial nerve function initially worsened, then improved within 12 months from House-Brackmann grade IV–V to grade III.

Conclusion
Surgical cranial nerve decompression of and ossicular chain reconstruction may be effective treatments for patients with CMD.
Efficacy and safety of finerenone in chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yasmin Farah , Aamir Muhammad , Najeeb Hala , Atif Abdul Raafe , Siddiqui Abdul Hannan , Ahsan Muhammad Nadeem , Moeed Abdul , Ali Syed Hasan , Tahir Haya Muhammad , Asghar Muhammad Sohaib 
Published: August 2023

Background and objectives:
The incidence of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is substantially correlated with cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. The current guidelines recommend the use of renin-angiotensin system blockers, but recent studies probed into the effects of finerenone to mitigate the risk of cardiorenal events. This meta-analysis was performed to demonstrate the effects of finerenone on cardiorenal events, comprising cardiovascular mortality, heart failure, change in estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum potassium levels.

Methods:
After screening with our eligibility criteria, 350 articles were identified with an initial literature search on multiple databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane Central. Seven randomized controlled trials with a total of 15 462 patients (n=8487 in the finerenone group; n=6975 in the control group) were included.

Results:
Patients receiving finerenone were at a reduced risk for cardiovascular mortality [HR: 0.84 (0.74, 0.95)], heart failure [OR: 0.79 (0.68, 0.92)], decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate by 40% [OR: 0.82 (0.74, 0.91)] and by 57% [OR: 0.70 (0.59, 0.82)]; and a higher incidence of moderate hyperkalemia [OR: 2.25 (1.78, 2.84)].

Conclusion:
Finerenone, owing to its better mineralocorticoid affinity, and a much lower risk of adverse effects, promises to be a much better alternative than other renin-angiotensin system blockers available for the treatment of chronic kidney disease patients with type 2 diabetes. Further trials should be conducted to provide more definitive evidence to assess the safety and efficacy of finerenone compared to spironolactone and eplerenone.
Factors Associated With Willingness to Use Preexposure Prophylaxis Among Black Cisgender Women Residing in Rural and Urban Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sohail Maira , Boutwell Alexander , Johnson Bernadette , Van Der Pol Barbara , Marrazo Jeanne , Mugavero Michael , Chapman-Lambert Chrystal , Elopre Latesha 
Published: August 2023

Background
Black cisgender women (CGW) are disproportionately impacted by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in the United States. Black women account for 57% of the total new diagnoses among CGW. In addition, Black CGW women are 9 times more likely to be diagnosed with HIV than their White counterparts.

Methods
We conducted surveys (September 2019–March 2020) and collected information on sociodemographics, HIV/preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) knowledge, HIV/PrEP stigma, sexual practices, and other factors identified as PrEP barriers among Black CGW (n = 795). This cross-sectional study used logistic regression models to assess intrapersonal, interpersonal, and structural factors among individuals willing to use PrEP versus individuals unwilling or unsure to use PrEP.

Results
Our study population had a mean age of 37 years, predominantly lived in urban areas (65%), had stable housing (96.7%), and had private insurance/Medicare (78.2%). Overall, 29.6% reported willingness to use PrEP, 35.6% reported unwillingness to use PrEP, and 34.8% were unsure of PrEP use. The multivariable analysis showed that, compared with individuals reporting unwillingness/unsure to PrEP use, those reporting willingness to PrEP use were younger (adjusted odds ratio [AOR; 95% confidence interval {CI}], 0.97 [0.96–0.99]), had lower odds of intimate partner violence (AOR [95% CI], 0.87 [0.78–0.98), and had higher odds of organizational religiosity (AOR [95% CI], 1.10 [1.01–1.20]), HIV knowledge (AOR [95% CI], 1.08 [1.03–1.13]), and perceived need for PrEP (AOR [95% CI], 6.38 [3.36–12.11]).

Conclusions
Preexposure prophylaxis willingness among Black CGW was impacted by individual-level, interpersonal, and structural factors. Improving PrEP willingness and uptake among Black CGW will require multilevel interventions.
PrEP Use and HIV Incidence Among Youth At-Risk for HIV Infection in Los Angeles and New Orleans: Findings From ATN 149
Authors: Aryal Anu , A Leibowitz Arleen , Comulada Warren Scott , Rotheram-Borus Mary Jane , Bolan Robert , Ocasio Manuel A , Swendeman Dallas ,   the ATN CARES Study Team
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Expanding HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use is key to goals for lowering new HIV infections in the U.S. by 90% between 2022 and 2030. Unfortunately, youth aged 16–24 have the lowest PrEP use of any age group and the highest HIV incidence rates.

Methods:
To examine the relationship between HIV seroconversion and PrEP uptake, adherence, and continuity, we used survival analysis and multivariable logistic regression on data of 895 youth at-risk for HIV infection enrolled in Adolescent Trials Network for HIV Medicine protocol 149 in Los Angeles and New Orleans, assessed at 4-month intervals over 24 months.

Results:
The sample was diverse in race/ethnicity (40% Black, 28% Latine, 20% White). Most participants (79%) were cis-gender gay/bisexual male but also included 7% transgender female and 14% trans masculine and nonbinary youth. Self-reported weekly PrEP adherence was high (98%). Twenty-seven participants acquired HIV during the study. HIV incidence among PrEP users (3.12 per 100 person year [PY]) was higher than those who never used PrEP (2.53/100 PY). The seroconversion incidence was highest among PrEP users with discontinuous use (3.36/100 PY). If oral PrEP users were adherent using 2-monthly long-acting injectables, our estimate suggests 2.06 infections per 100 PY could be averted.

Conclusions:
Discontinuous use of PrEP may increase risk of HIV acquisition among youth at higher risk for HIV infection and indications for PrEP. Thus, to realize the promise of PrEP in reducing new HIV infections, reducing clinical burdens for PrEP continuation are warranted.
Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Prevalent Hypertension in Men With and Without HIV
Authors: Punjabi Naresh M. , Brown Todd T. , Abreu Alexandre R. , Aurora Rashmi Nisha , Patel Sanjay R. , Stosor Valentina , Cho Joshua Hyong-Jin , D’Souza Gypsyamber , Wallace Douglas , Margolick Joseph B. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a known risk factor for hypertension. Despite the well-established link between HIV infection and hypertension, it remains to be determined whether HIV infection modifies the association between SDB and hypertension.

Setting:
The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.

Methods:
SDB was assessed using in-home polysomnography in 779 men (436 with and 343 without HIV). The apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) based on oxyhemoglobin desaturation threshold of ≥3% or arousal (AHI3a) and ≥4% (AHI4) along with oxygen desaturation index (ODI) were used to quantify SDB severity. Hypertension was defined as a blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg, use of antihypertensive medication, or self-report of a clinical diagnosis. The associations between HIV, SDB, and hypertension were characterized using multivariable logistic regression.

Results:
The prevalence of hypertension and SDB (AHI3a ≥ 5 events/hr) was high, with estimates of 53.8% and 82.8%, respectively. Among men without SDB, HIV was independently associated with hypertension, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 3.05 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33 to 7.01]. In men without HIV, SDB was associated with hypertension (OR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.46 to 5.86). No significant increase in the odds of hypertension was noted in men with both HIV and SDB compared with men with either factor alone, with an OR of 3.24 (95% CI: 1.62 to 6.47). These results were consistent across different measures used to define SDB (AHI3a, AHI4, ODI3, and ODI4).

Conclusions:
Predictors of hypertension differed by HIV status. SDB was associated with hypertension in men without HIV, but not in men with HIV. Among men with HIV, SDB did not affect the odds of hypertension.