bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wave control of a flexible space tether based on elastic metamaterials
Authors: Huang Yexiong , Chen Enmin , Sun Jialiang , Jin Dongping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study proposes a spider‐web elastic metamaterial to suppress vibrations in space slender structures, such as flexible space tethers. The metamaterial consists of unit cells that are periodically distributed on the space tether to obtain band gaps. The finite element model of the unit cell is established by employing the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) due to the large deformation of the structure. The eigenfrequencies and corresponding vibration modes of the unit cell are obtained by ANCF. Moreover, the band gap of the unit cell is calculated based on the phonon crystal theory. The relationship between the vibration modes and the band gaps is analyzed. Finally, an experiment is conducted to verify the vibration transmission characteristics of finite period cells. The results show the effectiveness of the spider‐web elastic metamaterial for vibration suppression of a flexible tether. This study provides insights into the use of elastic metamaterials for vibration isolation in space tether systems.
A case study of the utilization of clozapine treatment for treatment‐resistant schizophrenia associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Tsurue Arisa , Funahashi Hideki , Tsurue Keiichi , Kawano Masahiko , Ishida Yasushi , Hirano Yoji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal treatment strategy for patients with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia (TRS) associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DS) remains a subject of debate.Case PresentationWe present the case of a 40‐year‐old female patient diagnosed with TRS and 22q11.2DS who was effectively treated with clozapine. She was diagnosed with schizophrenia and mild intellectual disability during her adolescence; despite being hospitalized for a period of 10 years beginning in her 30s, she continued to exhibit symptoms of impulsivity, and explosive behavior, requiring periods of isolation. We ultimately decided to switch her medication to clozapine, which was administered with caution and gradually titrated upward, with no discernable adverse effects, resulting in a marked improvement in her symptoms and obviated the need for isolation. Subsequently, the patient's history of congenital heart disease and facial abnormalities prompted initial suspicions of a 22q11.2DS diagnosis, which was subsequently confirmed through genetic testing.ConclusionClozapine may serve as an efficacious pharmacological intervention for TRS patients with 22q11.2DS, including those of Asian descent.
Impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic on gestational weight gain: A French cohort study
Authors: Lodi Massimo , Meyer Nicolas , Lecointre Lise , Deruelle Philippe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate whether the quarantine periods due to the COVID‐19 pandemic were associated with excessive gestational weight gain.MethodsThis single‐centre retrospective observational French cohort study studied 23 774 pregnant women from 2017 to 2020 who had an obstetrical follow‐up consultation with a weight measurement in Strasbourg University Hospitals. We defined four time periods according to the two quarantine periods in France: (1) prequarantine, (2) first quarantine (all‐day curfew); (3) between quarantines, and (4) second quarantine (all‐day curfew). Inferential analyses and models were conducted using Bayesian methods.ResultsWe developed three Bayesian models to explore the impact of quarantines on GWG. Mean GWG was 8.3 kg (standard deviation 5.0 kg) for a mean gestational age at consultation of 28.5 weeks. Compared to the same calendar periods from 2017 to 2019, the probabilities of a clinically significant increase in GWG (≥1 kg) during the different quarantine periods were extremely low (<0.001). Mean GWG was stable during the first quarantine (−0.13 kg; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.30, 0.03) while it increased between quarantines (+0.20 kg; 95% CI 0.07, 0.35) and during the second quarantine (0.30 kg; 95% CI 0.12, 0.52).ConclusionThis study showed that COVID‐19 quarantine periods were not associated with a clinically significant excessive GWG, even if during the period between quarantines and during the second quarantine there was a slight increase in GWG. Pregnant women can therefore be reassured concerning this problem.
Adaptive coding modulation selection optimisation scheme for Ka‐band LEO mobile satellites
Authors: Shen Hongrong , Ning Qian , Chen Bingcai 
Published: March 2023

SummaryTo address the problem that Ka‐band satellite communication signal transmission is easily affected by rainfall and terminal environment, combining the characteristics of high‐speed movement of LEO satellites and the wave propagation characteristics of satellite‐ground links, this paper establishes a Markov synthesis model of four‐state satellite channels based on Ka‐band that integrates rainfall attenuation and terminal shadow attenuation, and a scheme for adaptive coding and modulation selection based on the DVB‐S2 standard is proposed. Based on this, a rainfall fading probability density function (PDF) based on the satellite elevation angle variation is derived, and a more efficient and streamlined set of modulation and coding(MODCOD) is obtained through simulations and calculations. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme not only effectively solves the problem of severe fading of the transmission signal due to rainfall, ground movement environment and satellite mobility but also significantly reduces the system complexity of the original DVB‐S2 standard scheme with little loss of efficiency.
What is the appropriate gravel size during ureteroscopy lithotripsy? An in vitro evaluation
Authors: Song Baiyang , Jin Dan , Cheng Yue , Wang Zhengyi , Wang Fengqi , Fang Li 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo propose the suitable diameter of calculus debris produced during flexible ureteroscopy lithotripsy (fURL). A glass tube was used to simulate the stone excretion process during Furl. Different stone diameters (0.50–1.00 mm, 0.25–0.50 mm, and 0.10–0.25 mm) with three sizes of flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) (7.5Fr, 8.7Fr, and 9.9Fr) and ureteral access sheath (UAS) (12/14Fr) with or without negative pressure suction were employed in the experiment. The intraoperative calculi excretion (ICE) was recorded according to the stones discharged from the gap between fURS and UAS. The ICE raised significantly in thinner fURS and UAS due to the smaller Ratio of Endoscope-Sheath Diameter (RESD). The gravel size ≤ 0.25 mm was conducive to drainage with traditional UAS, while using fURS with negative-pressure UAS could significantly improve ICE. The gravel size ≤ 0.5 mm was conducive to expulsion. We clarify that ICE during ureteroscopy relates to RESD and negative pressure suction. The proper size of the stone fragment is critical in ensuring the expulsion during fURL, ≤ 0.25 mm in traditional UAS and ≤ 0.50 mm in negative-pressure UAS, respectively.
The analytical beam element model: novel approach for fast calculation of vibrations in electric machines
Authors: Gerlach Martin Enno , de Barros Allan , Huang Xudong , Langfermann Markus , Ponick Bernd , Ebrahimi Amir 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe vibration and acoustic behavior of electric machines is an important aspect of the design process. A crucial part of the modeling is the correct prediction of the stator’s vibration behavior, characterized by the stator’s eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes. For this purpose, a calculation approach called the analytical beam element model (ABM) was presented in a previous paper [18], where Euler–Bernoulli beams were used to describe the vibration behavior of the stator. The ABM introduced offers an alternative to the finite element (FE) method and to classical analytical models. In this paper, the model is examined and extended further. Different approaches conceived to better describe the influence of the stator yoke’s thickness by using Timoshenko beams and a multi-layer discretization are presented and discussed. Furthermore, a new feature that considers the lever arm effect of the stator teeth with respect to the yoke is introduced. The results are compared to FE calculations and measurements. Lastly, the improved ABM is used to calculate the vibration behavior of four stators with outer diameters ranging from $$160\,\text{mm}$$

160

mm

to $$7\,\text{m}$$

7

m

. The results are compared to FE results to prove the accuracy of the ABM.
Fallopia japonica and Impatiens glandulifera are colonized by species-poor root-associated fungal communities but have minor impacts on soil properties in riparian habitats
Authors: Schmitz Daniel , Girardi Johanna , Ullrich Eva , Muñoz-Sepulveda Katherine , Bundschuh Mirco , Riess Kai , Schirmel Jens 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFallopia japonica and Impatiens glandulifera are major plant invaders on a global scale that often become dominant in riparian areas. However, little is known about how these species affect interactions in soil–plant systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of both species on abiotic and biotic soil properties, with a special focus on fungi. We investigated eight sites along small streams invaded by F. japonica and I. glandulifera, respectively, and compared each with nearby sites dominated by the native species Urtica dioica. Three different types of samples were collected: bulk soil, rhizosphere soil and roots from invasive and native stands at each site. Bulk soil samples were analysed for soil physicochemical, microbial properties (soil microbial respiration and ergosterol) and soil arthropod abundance (Acari and Collembola). Soil respiration was also evaluated in rhizosphere samples. The fungal community composition of both bulk soil and roots were analysed using a metabarcoding approach. Soil physicochemical properties as well as soil microbial activity, fungal biomass and soil fungal operational unit taxonomic unit (OTU) richness did not differ between invaded and native riparian habitats, indicating only minor belowground impacts of the two invasive plant species. Soil microbial activity, fungal biomass and soil fungal OTU richness were rather related to the soil physicochemical properties. In contrast, Acari abundance decreased by 68% in the presence of F. japonica, while Collembola abundance increased by 11% in I. glandulifera sites. Moreover, root-associated fungal communities differed between the invasive and native plants. In F. japonica roots, fungal OTU richness of all investigated ecological groups (mycorrhiza, endophytes, parasites, saprobes) were lower compared to U. dioica. However, in I. glandulifera roots only the OTU richness of mycorrhiza and saprobic fungi was lower. Overall, our findings show that F. japonica and I. glandulifera can influence the abundance of soil arthropods and are characterized by lower OTU richness of root-associated fungi.
Synthesis and Characterization of CaFe1.925Gd0.025Sm0.05O4/PEG Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Diverse Applications
Authors: Ateia Ebtesam E. , Saeid Y. A. , Abdelmaksoud M. K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe core–shell structure has been studied by coating polyethylene glycol (PEG) on rare-earth-doped calcium ferrite nanoparticles (RCFNPs). RCFNPs are successfully synthesized in the formula CaFe1.925Gd0.025Sm0.05O4 by the citrate nitrate auto-combustion method. The XRD pattern of PEG-coated RCFNPs observed two peaks at 19.3° and 23.6° confirming the existence of PEG, while the other peaks are attributed to the orthorhombic structure formation. The obtained samples exhibit an orthorhombic single-phase structure with an average crystallite size in the range of 18–20 nm. The elemental analysis is performed using EDAX and XPS. The doublet spectrum of Fe atoms corresponds to the valence states Fe 2P1/2 and Fe 2P3/2. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) revealed a well-designed hexagonal core/shell structure represented as a unique hexagonal PEG shell coating the synthesized RCFNPs. The magnetic hysteresis loops have been recorded using VSM. The coupling between the unpaired electrons of Fe+3 and Sm+3 ions via the p orbitals of the O−2 ions leads to the antiferromagnetic alignment. The smaller values of the switching-field distribution (SFD) and higher coercivity of the prepared samples are most appropriate for ultra-high-density recording performance. The behavior of dielectric parameters is explained on the basis of the interfacial polarization and the Maxwell–Wagner polarization models. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is used to study the performance of electromagnetic reflection and estimate the optical band gaps of the samples. The obtained data shows that the coating has an important role in enhancing the reflection by up to 50%.
Initiating the transition from open-canopy lichen woodland to productive forest by transplanting moss, results from a 10-year experiment
Authors: Gao Lei , Paré David , Chavardès Raphaël D. , Bergeron Yves 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Low productivity open lichen (Cladonia spp.) woodlands have been rapidly expanding in the closed-crown feather moss (Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt.) boreal forest of eastern Canada. While open-woodland areas are progressing, there is little information on the recoverability of open lichen woodlands back to closed-canopy forests.

Methods
An experimental set-up using moss transplantation was installed on a poor jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) stand with a lichen ground cover in 2011. Treatments included: 1) lichen cover removed, 2) lichen cover removed and transplantation of a feather moss cover, 3) lichen control, and 4) a natural jack pine site with feather moss cover (moss control). We extracted tree stem increment cores and collected needles and soil samples for nutrient analysis.

Results
The transplanted-moss treatment can counteract the adverse effects of lichen on jack pine growth. This treatment enhanced foliar nutrition and soil nutrients, especially ammonium (N-NH4+) and nitrate (N-NO3−). With this treatment, the soil conditions (e.g., soil nutrients, soil moisture) and foliar nutrition were closer to that of moss control. Surprisingly, lichen removal treatment did not improve growth and resulted in poorer jack pine growth and harsher soil conditions.

Conclusion
Feather moss can establish, survive, and remain healthy in an environment previously occupied by lichen. The replacement of lichen by feather moss establishes soil conditions that appear conducive to better tree growth and have the potential of restoring the productivity of boreal forests in open-canopy lichen woodlands.
Does the ‘Learning Disability’ label lower teachers’ performance expectations?
Authors: Kashikar Linda , Soemers Lara , Lüke Timo , Grosche Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTeachers’ expectations are known to influence students’ outcomes. Specifically, better performance is observed among students for whom teachers have high expectations, and vice versa. Teachers not only form their expectations on the basis of previous achievements, but also on the (presumed) group affiliation of students. One group for whom teachers have low-performance expectations are students with learning disabilities. Studies in English-speaking countries have shown that the explicit mention of the diagnosislearning disabilitylowers teachers’ performance expectations for students labelled in this way. Our study aims to explore (1) whether the effects of this label on performance expectations can be replicated in a sample of prospective teachers in Germany, (2) whether regular and special education teachers generally differ in their expectations, and (3) whether the learning disability label influences the two professional groups differently. In an experimental design,N = 276 participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control group. In both groups, they read the description of a fictitious student showing major academic problems. The student was labelled as having a learning disability in the experimental group only. Different dependent variables concerning performance expectations were evaluated. The results show that while no main effect of the learning disability label was observed, prospective special education teachers partially seem to have lower performance expectations than prospective regular education teachers. Further analysis showed that the participants in the experimental group and special education teachers suspect a learning disability more frequently. Limitations and directions for the further research are discussed.
Formen und Folgen von Schulbegleitung. Ethnografische Erkundungen im Alltag außerhalb des Unterrichts
Authors: Weinbach Hanna , Geese Natalie , Rohrmann Albrecht , Schulte Dajana 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Forschung zu Schulbegleitung konzentriert sich bislang vor allem auf den Unterricht. Assistenzpersonen werden jedoch auch im außerunterrichtlichen Schulgeschehen eingesetzt, um inklusive Bildung und die soziale Teilhabe von Kindern und Jugendlichen, denen eine Beeinträchtigung zugeschrieben wird, zu unterstützen. In Pausen, beim Frühstück und Mittagessen, in Angeboten der Ganztagsbetreuung und bei Schul- und Klassenaktionen können junge Menschen Kontakte knüpfen sowie Freundschaften pflegen und sie tragen Konflikte aus. Formen der außerunterrichtlichen Begleitung in inklusiven Settings und ihre Folgen für das alltägliche soziale Miteinander im Hinblick auf Peer-Interaktionen werden in diesem Beitrag auf Basis ethnografisch-teilnehmender Beobachtungen an zwei Offenen Ganztagsgrundschulen rekonstruiert. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, wie Schulbegleitung in verschiedenen Situationen außerhalb des Unterrichts mittels vielfältiger Aktivitäten als alltägliche Praxis vollzogen und ausgestaltet wird. Zwei Formen des Begleitens werden exemplarisch näher betrachtet. Wir bezeichnen sie alsdas Bootunddas unsichtbare Band. Mit diesen beiden Formen gehen differente Folgen für Peer-Interaktionen von jungen Menschen einher.
New hybrid inertial CQ projection algorithms with line-search process for the split feasibility problem
Authors: Dang Ya-zheng , Wang Long , Yang Yao-heng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose two hybrid inertial CQ projection algorithms with line-search process for the split feasibility problem. Based on the hybrid CQ projection algorithm, we firstly add the inertial term into the iteration to accelerate the convergence of the algorithm, and adopt flexible rules for selecting the stepsize and the shrinking projection region, which makes an optimal stepsize available at each iteration. The shrinking projection region is the intersection of three sets, which are the set C and two hyperplanes. Furthermore, we modify the Armijo-type line-search step in the presented algorithm to get a new algorithm.The algorithms are shown to be convergent under certain mild assumptions. Besides, numerical examples are given to show that the proposed algorithms have better performance than the general CQ algorithm.
Investigating the multilevel logic in design solutions: a Function Behaviour Structure (FBS) analysis
Authors: Russo Davide , Spreafico Christian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne of the reasons why Function Behaviour Structure (FBS) model did not become a pragmatic tool in industrial practice is its inability to push the designer to develop solutions beyond the dimensional scale where components, materials, and their relationships, of an artifact are defined. This paper introduces the concept of “topology” into the FBS model to support design in a multidimensional way. Though the proposed method, instead of describing a technical system with a unique FBS model, as many models as there are levels of detail in which it can be decomposed, can be exploited. Topology is crucial for linking them together in a hierarchical organization from macro to micro, so as to use the FBS ontology both to interpret and exploit physical phenomena in the design phase. Test results about the application of the proposed FBS multilevel method on a real industrial case study with engineering students showed its ability to modify their design attitude to generate solutions from an early expansion of concepts (breadth-first strategy) to the reformulation and refinement of the same (to depth-first strategy). More in detail, through the method, the students deeper analyse of the system, individuate a greater number of parameters on which to work and provide solutions exploiting the available resources more rationally.
Graphical abstract
Validity of postmortem computed tomography for use in forensic odontology identification casework
Authors: Maley Sharon , Higgins Denice 
Published: March 2023

AbstractForensic Odontology (FO) identification compares antemortem (AM) and postmortem (PM) dental datasets and is widely accepted as a primary identifier. Traditionally, a PM dental examination is undertaken in the same manner as a dental examination conducted for a living patient. Recently, the increased forensic application of computed tomography (CT) offers an alternative source of PM data. While charting from PMCT is widely accepted as less accurate, the impact on reconciliation is unknown. This study aims to determine if reconciliation outcome differs when PM dental data is collected from PMCT, compared with conventional PM examination. PMCT data was reviewed for 21 cases previously completed using conventional PM dental examination. Operators blinded to original identification outcomes charted from CT images before comparing to AM data to form an opinion regarding identity. Opinions formed were compared with original identification outcomes. Differences in PM dental charting between the two methods and the evidentiary value of AM and PM datasets were assessed to determine driving factors of differences in identification outcome. Compared to conventional PM dental examination, PMCT examination resulted in similar or less certain identification outcomes. Discrepancies in outcome were driven by the quality of AM and PM datasets rather than inaccuracies in charting from PMCT. Based on the results of this study, both conventional and PMCT methods of PM dental examination can reach similar identification outcomes. However, operators remained more certain in establishing identity when conducting conventional PM dental examinations especially when AM data was lacking.