bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal and infant outcomes of Syrian and Palestinian refugees, Lebanese and migrant women giving birth in a tertiary public hospital in Lebanon: a secondary analysis of an obstetric database
Authors: McCall Stephen J , El Khoury Tanya C , Ghattas Hala , Elbassuoni Shady , Murtada Mhd Hussein , Jamaluddine Zeina , Haddad Christine , Hussein Aya , Krounbi Amina , DeJong Jocelyn , Khazaal Janoub , Chahine Rabih 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesThis study aims to assess whether the characteristics, management and outcomes of women varied between Syrian and Palestinian refugees, migrant women of other nationalities and Lebanese women giving birth at a public tertiary centre in Beirut, Lebanon.MethodsThis was a secondary data analysis of routinely collected data from the public Rafik Hariri University Hospital (RHUH) between January 2011 and July 2018. Data were extracted from medical notes using text mining machine learning methods. Nationality was categorised into Lebanese, Syrian, Palestinian and migrant women of other nationalities. The main outcomes were diabetes, pre-eclampsia, placenta accreta spectrum, hysterectomy, uterine rupture, blood transfusion, preterm birth and intrauterine fetal death. Logistic regression models estimated the association between nationality and maternal and infant outcomes, and these were presented using ORs and 95% CIs.Results17 624 women gave birth at RHUH of whom 54.3% were Syrian, 39% Lebanese, 2.5% Palestinian and 4.2% migrant women of other nationalities. The majority of women had a caesarean section (73%) and 11% had a serious obstetric complication. Between 2011 and 2018, there was a decline in the use of primary caesarean section (caesarean section performed for the first time) from 7% to 4% of births (p<0.001). The odds of preeclampsia, placenta abruption and serious complications were significantly higher for Palestinian and migrant women of other nationalities compared to Lebanese women, but not for Syrian women. Very preterm birth was higher for Syrians (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.40) and migrant women of other nationalities (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.03) compared to Lebanese women.ConclusionSyrian refugees in Lebanon had similar obstetric outcomes compared to the host population, except for very preterm birth. However, Palestinian women and migrant women of other nationalities appeared to have worse pregnancy complications than the Lebanese women. There should be better healthcare access and support for migrant populations to avoid severe complications of pregnancy.
T cell-mediated targeted delivery of tadalafil regulates immunosuppression and polyamine metabolism to overcome immune checkpoint blockade resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiaobin , Zhang Qiaoyun , Zhou Jingwen , Xiao Zecong , Liu Jianxin , Deng Shaohui , Hong Xiaoyang , Huang Wensou , Cai Mingyue , Guo Yongjian , Huang Jingjun , Wang Yong , Lin Liteng , Zhu Kangshun 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) monotherapy provides poor survival benefit in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to ICB resistance caused by immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and drug discontinuation resulting from immune-related side effects. Thus, novel strategies that can simultaneously reshape immunosuppressive TME and ameliorate side effects are urgently needed.MethodsBoth in vitro and orthotopic HCC models were used to explore and demonstrate the new role of a conventional, clinically used drug, tadalafil (TA), in conquering immunosuppressive TME. In detail, the effect of TA on M2 polarization and polyamine metabolism in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) was identified. After making clear the aforementioned immune regulatory effect of TA, we introduced a nanomedicine-based strategy of tumor-targeted drug delivery to make better use of TA to reverse immunosuppressive TME and overcome ICB resistance for HCC immunotherapy. A dual pH-sensitive nanodrug simultaneously carrying both TA and programmed cell death receptor 1 antibody (aPD-1) was developed, and its ability for tumor-targeted drug delivery and TME-responsive drug release was evaluated in an orthotopic HCC model. Finally, the immune regulatory effect, antitumor therapeutic effect, as well as side effects of our nanodrug combining both TA and aPD-1 were analyzed.ResultsTA exerted a new role in conquering immunosuppressive TME by inhibiting M2 polarization and polyamine metabolism in TAMs and MDSCs. A dual pH-sensitive nanodrug was successfully synthesized to simultaneously carry both TA and aPD-1. On one hand, the nanodrug realized tumor-targeted drug delivery by binding to circulating programmed cell death receptor 1-positive T cells and following their infiltration into tumor. On the other hand, the nanodrug facilitated efficient intratumoral drug release in acidic TME, releasing aPD-1 for ICB and leaving TA-encapsulated nanodrug to dually regulate TAMs and MDSCs. By virtue of the combined application of TA and aPD-1, as well as the efficient tumor-targeted drug delivery, our nanodrug effectively inhibited M2 polarization and polyamine metabolism in TAMs and MDSCs to conquer immunosuppressive TME, which contributed to remarkable ICB therapeutic efficacy with minimal side effects in HCC.ConclusionsOur novel tumor-targeted nanodrug expands the application of TA in tumor therapy and holds great potential to break the logjam of ICB-based HCC immunotherapy.
Equilibrium temperature for black holes with nonextensive entropy
Authors: Çimdiker Ilim , Da̧browski Mariusz P. , Gohar Hussain 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHawking temperature has been widely utilized in the literature as the temperature that corresponds to various nonextensive entropies. In this study, we analyze the compatibility of the Hawking temperature with the nonextensive entropies. We demonstrate that, for every nonextensive entropy, one may define an effective temperature (which we call equilibrium temperature) by utilizing the equilibrium condition, and that there is always an additive equilibrium entropy associated with this effective temperature. Except for Bekenstein entropy, we show that Hawking temperature is thermodynamically inconsistent with other nonextensive entropies. We focus on the equilibrium requirement for the Tsallis–Cirto black hole entropy and demonstrate that the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy is the related equilibrium entropy, and the Hawking temperature is the associated equilibrium temperature for the Tsallis–Cirto black hole entropy.
Signatures of regular black holes from the quasar continuum spectrum
Authors: Banerjee Indrani 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRegular black holes arising in Einstein gravity coupled to non-linear electrodynamics are worth studying as they can circumvent the $$r=0$$

r
=
0

curvature singularity arising in general relativity. In this work we explore the signatures of regular black holes with a Minkowski core from the quasar continuum spectrum. We use thin-disk approximation to derive the theoretical luminosity from the accretion disk and compare it with the optical data of eighty Palomar Green quasars. Our analysis based on error estimators like the $$\chi ^2$$

χ
2

, the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, the index of agreement etc. reveal that optical observations of quasars favor black holes with a small non-linear electrodynamics charge parameter $$k\simeq 0.15$$

k
≃
0.15

although the Kerr scenario is allowed within $$2-\sigma $$

2
-
σ

interval. The implications are discussed.
Impact of LIGO-Virgo black hole binaries on gravitational wave background searches
Authors: Lewicki Marek , Vaskonen Ville 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe study the impact of the black hole binary population currently probed by LIGO-Virgo on future searches for the primordial gravitational wave background. We estimate the foreground generated by the binaries using the observed event rate and a simple modeling of the black hole population. We subtract individually resolvable binaries from the foreground and utilize Fisher analysis to derive sensitivity curves for power-law signals including these astrophysical foregrounds. Even with optimistic assumptions, we find that the reach of future experiments will be severely reduced.
Quantum states of H2+ and H2 in an icosahedral potential well
Authors: Longo Savino , Lonigro Davide , Lerario Giuseppe , Stripoli Carla , Micca Longo Gaia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe investigate the potential energy surfaces (PESs) of the hydrogen-based cation H2+ and the neutral molecule H2 confined inside an infinite potential well in the shape of a regular icosahedron. The numerical computations are performed using the diffusion Monte Carlo method and are based on an analytical technique for obtaining simple equations of the surfaces of convex polyhedra proposed by S. Onaka. Different states and different orientations of the molecules inside the confining potential well, as well as various sizes of the latter, are studied. We provide a detailed symmetry analysis and consistent labeling of the H2+ states considered. The results show that the icosahedral confinement is closely isotropic in its inner region, leading to PESs that develop pronounced minima, as in the case of simpler confinement geometries. Shape-specific effects can be evidenced when the nuclei are in contact with the confining wall.
Three-dimensional nanowire networks fabricated by ion track nanotechnology and their applications
Authors: Wagner M. F. P. , Voss K.-O. , Trautmann C. , Toimil-Molares M. E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe existing and future accelerator facilities at GSI and FAIR offer unique opportunities for interdisciplinary research, especially for material science and nanotechnology. On their way through polymers, swift heavy ions with GeV energy deposit enormous energy densities along their trajectory, generating long nanoscopic damage trails known as ion tracks. Ion-track technology utilizes the small track size (few nm) combined with the extensive track length (up to 100 μm and more) to synthesize and control the geometry of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures such as tailored nanochannels and nanowires. In particular, electrodeposition and ion-track nanotechnology provide an excellent platform for developing unique 3D networks of nanowires with controlled dimensions, composition and crystallographic properties. Here, a summary of recent results obtained on the synthesis and characterization of stable 3D architectures of semiconductor and semimetal nanowires, and their implementation in the fields of photoelectrochemistry and thermoelectrics, is presented.
Optical and electronic properties of defect chalcopyrite ZnGa2S4
Authors: Asadullayeva S. G. , Ismayilova N. A. , Musayev M. A. , Abbasov I. I. 
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we have performed a study on the optical properties of single crystals ZnGa2S4 by method of density functional theory (DFT) and ellipsometry measurements. The calculated results for the real [Formula: see text] and imaginary [Formula: see text] parts of the dielectric function are compared with the measured experimental spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) spectra in the 0.7–6.5 eV spectral region. Absorption coefficient-photon energy dependency revealed the existence of direct bandgap transitions with energy 3.5 eV. This result is very close to bandgap obtained from our theoretical calculation.
Rehabilitation Training Can Significantly Increase the Serum IL-11 Levels and Improve the Prognosis in Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Li Xiaoliu , Zhang Jing , Wang Qiang , Xiang Lian , Dong Jing 
Published: February 2023

We aimed to explore the expression of IL-11 in ischemic stroke patients and its correlation with rehabilitation training and prognosis. The present randomized control study recruited ischemic stroke patients who were admitted during March 2014 to November 2020. All patients underwent computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. All patients were randomly divided into two groups, including rehabilitation training (RT) group and control group. The patients in the RT group were received rehabilitation training within 2 days after the vital signs were stable while control group received routine nursing. The serum interleukin- (IL-) 11 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) when patients were just hospitalized and 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 90 h after treatment. Demographic, clinical statistics, imaging data, and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scores (NIHSS) were recorded. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores were measured after 90 days treatment to assess the prognosis of ischemic patients. The serum IL-11 levels of the RT group elevated more quickly during the study time compared with the control group. In addition, the NIHSS and mRS scores of ischemic stroke patients in the RT group were significantly lower than that in the control group. The NIHSS score, the proportion receiving rehabilitation training, and the levels of IL-11, triglyceride (TG), and high-density leptin cholesterol (HDLC) of ischemic stroke patients in the

mRS

score
≥
3

group were remarkably elevated than that in the

mRS

score
≤
2

group. However, the serum IL-11 levels of ischemic stroke patients were obviously decreased in the

mRS

score
≥
3

group. IL-11 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker of poor prognosis of ischemic stroke patients. Furthermore, IL-11, NIHSS score, and rehabilitation training were the risk factors for poor prognosis of ischemic stroke patients. This study demonstrated that the ischemic stroke patients in the RT group had higher serum IL-11 levels and better prognosis. This study might provide a new approach to improve the prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-PNR-16007706.
Familial Hypercholesterolemia in the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics Network: Prevalence, Penetrance, Cardiovascular Risk, and Outcomes After Return of Results
Authors: Dikilitas Ozan , Sherafati Alborz , Saadatagah Seyedmohammad , Satterfield Benjamin A. , Kochan David C. , Anderson Katherine C. , Chung Wendy K. , Hebbring Scott J. , Salvati Zachary M. , Sharp Richard R. , Sturm Amy C. , Gibbs Richard A. , Rowley Robb , Venner Eric , Linder Jodell E. , Jones Laney K. , Perez Emma F. , Peterson Josh F. , Jarvik Gail P. , Rehm Heidi L. , Zouk Hana , Roden Dan M. , Williams Marc S. , Manolio Teri A. , Kullo Iftikhar J. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The implications of secondary findings detected in large-scale sequencing projects remain uncertain. We assessed prevalence and penetrance of pathogenic familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) variants, their association with coronary heart disease (CHD), and 1-year outcomes following return of results in phase III of the electronic medical records and genomics network.

Methods:

Adult participants (n=18 544) at 7 sites were enrolled in a prospective cohort study to assess the clinical impact of returning results from targeted sequencing of 68 actionable genes, including
LDLR
,
APOB
, and
PCSK9
. FH variant prevalence and penetrance (defined as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol >155 mg/dL) were estimated after excluding participants enrolled on the basis of hypercholesterolemia. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of CHD compared to age- and sex-matched controls without FH-associated variants. Process (eg, referral to a specialist or ordering new tests), intermediate (eg, new diagnosis of FH), and clinical (eg, treatment modification) outcomes within 1 year after return of results were ascertained by electronic health record review.

Results:
The prevalence of FH-associated pathogenic variants was 1 in 188 (69 of 13,019 unselected participants). Penetrance was 87.5%. The presence of an FH variant was associated with CHD (odds ratio, 3.02 [2.00–4.53]) and premature CHD (odds ratio, 3.68 [2.34–5.78]). At least 1 outcome occurred in 92% of participants; 44% received a new diagnosis of FH and 26% had treatment modified following return of results.

Conclusions:
In a multisite cohort of electronic health record–linked biobanks, monogenic FH was prevalent, penetrant, and associated with presence of CHD. Nearly half of participants with an FH-associated variant received a new diagnosis of FH and a quarter had treatment modified after return of results. These results highlight the potential utility of sequencing electronic health record–linked biobanks to detect FH.
Continuous Metadata in Continuous Integration, Stream Processing and Enterprise DataOps
Authors: Underwood Mark 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTImplementations of metadata tend to favor centralized, static metadata. This depiction is at variance with the past decade of focus on big data, cloud native architectures and streaming platforms. Big data velocity can demand a correspondingly dynamic view of metadata. These trends, which include DevOps, CI/CD, DataOps and data fabric, are surveyed. Several specific cloud native tools are reviewed and weaknesses in their current metadata use are identified. Implementations are suggested which better exploit capabilities of streaming platform paradigms, in which metadata is continuously collected in dynamic contexts. Future cloud native software features are identified which could enable streamed metadata to power real time data fusion or fine tune automated reasoning through real time ontology updates.
Computer-aided Detection of Tuberculosis from Microbiological and Radiographic Images
Authors: Ibrahim Abdullahi Umar , Kibarer Ayse Gunnay , Al-Turjman Fadi 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been a major challenge for medical and healthcare sectors in many underdeveloped countries with limited diagnosis tools. Tuberculosis can be detected from microscopic slides and chest X-ray but as a result of the high cases of tuberculosis, this method can be tedious for both Microbiologists and Radiologists and can lead to miss-diagnosis. These challenges can be solved by employing Computer-Aided Detection (CAD)via AI-driven models which learn features based on convolution and result in an output with high accuracy. In this paper, we described automated discrimination of X-ray and microscope slide images into tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis cases using pretrained AlexNet Models. The study employed Chest X-ray dataset made available on Kaggle repository and microscopic slide images from both Near East University Hospital and Kaggle repository. For classification of tuberculosis using microscopic slide images, the model achieved 90.56% accuracy, 97.78% sensitivity and 83.33% specificity for 70: 30 splits. For classification of tuberculosis using X-ray images, the model achieved 93.89% accuracy, 96.67% sensitivity and 91.11% specificity for 70:30 splits. Our result is in line with the notion that CNN models can be used for classifying medical images with higher accuracy and precision.
RS-SVM Machine Learning Approach Driven by Case Data for Selecting Urban Drainage Network Restoration Scheme
Authors: Jiang Li , Geng Zheng , Gu Dongxiao , Guo Shuai , Huang Rongmin , Cheng Haoke , Zhu Kaixuan 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Urban drainage pipe network is the backbone of urban drainage, flood control and water pollution prevention, and is also an essential symbol to measure the level of urban modernization. A large number of underground drainage pipe networks in aged urban areas have been laid for a long time and have reached or practically reached the service age. The repair of drainage pipe networks has attracted extensive attention from all walks of life. Since the Ministry of ecological environment and the national development and Reform Commission jointly issued the action plan for the Yangtze River Protection and restoration in 2019, various provinces in the Yangtze River Basin, such as Anhui, Jiangxi and Hunan, have extensively carried out PPP projects for urban pipeline restoration, in order to improve the quality and efficiency of sewage treatment. Based on the management practice of urban pipe network restoration project in Wuhu City, Anhui Province, this paper analyzes the problems of lengthy construction period and repeated operation caused by the mismatch between the design schedule of the restoration scheme and the construction schedule of the pipe network restoration in the existing project management mode, and proposes a model of urban drainage pipe network restoration scheme selection based on the improved support vector machine. The validity and feasibility of the model are analyzed and verified by collecting the data in the project practice. The research results show that the model has a favorable effect on the selection of urban drainage pipeline restoration schemes, and its accuracy can reach 90%. The research results can provide method guidance and technical support for the rapid decision-making of urban drainage pipeline restoration projects.
Climatological Characteristics of Hydrometeors in Precipitating Clouds over Eastern China and Their Relationship with Precipitation Based on ERA5 Reanalysis
Authors: Tang Lanzhi , Gao Wenhua , Xue Lulin , Zhang Guo , Guo Jianping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The long-term characteristics of four 15 hydrometeor species (cloud water, cloud ice, rain, and snow) in precipitating clouds over eastern China (dividing into South China, Jianghuai, and North China) and their relationships with surface rainfall are first investigated using the fifth generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalysis (ERA5) hourly dataset from May to August during 1979-2020. The results show that the cloud water path decreases significantly from south to north owing to the large-scale circulation and water vapor distribution, with the maximum value of 180 g m−2 in South China and only half in North China. The slope in linear relationship between rain water path and precipitation intensity is the maximum (5.68 h−1) in South China, implying the highest conversion rate from rain water to precipitation in this region. When the precipitation rate exceeds 15 mm h−1, the ice-phase hydrometeor contents in South China become the largest among three regions, indicating the cold rain process is crucial to the heavy rainfall. The moisture-related processes play a dominant role in the precipitation intensity. Though the contribution of hydrometeor advection to precipitation is generally between −5% and 5%, we found that it can jointly modulate the location of heavy rainfall. In addition, the peaks of cloud water path commonly appear 2-3 h ahead of precipitation, while the peaks of ice-phase particles occur 2 h and 1 h behind the afternoon precipitation onset in South China and Jianghuai, which is mainly attributed to the different upward velocity and water vapor convergence in the middle-upper troposphere.