bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CuIr Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to t‐BuOH
Authors: Kim Myeong‐Geun , Park Jinwoo , Choi Youngjo , Song Ho Chang , Kim Seung‐Hoon , Bang Kyeong‐Mi , Ham Hyung Chul , Kim Nak‐Kyoon , Won Da Hye , Min Byoung Koun , Yoo Sung Jong , Kim Woong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent advances in electrocatalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) have led to several promising results, including the large‐scale production of low‐carbon fuels. One of the next steps in this route is the generation of economically and scientifically valuable multicarbon (e.g., C4) chemicals. However, this process has rarely been reported to‐date and has generally suffered from a low production rate (jpartial ≤ 0.097 mA cm−2) and Faradaic efficiency (FE) of ≤ 1%. This is largely due to the lack of efficient electrocatalysts for the complicated and interconnected reaction pathway of C4 generation. Herein, CuxIr1–x alloy nanoparticles (NPs) are shown to convert CO2 into (CH3)3COH (t‐BuOH) with a jpartial of 0.207 mA cm–2 at a FE of 14.8%, which is the best performance toward C4 production demonstrated so far. Furthermore, this study proposes a probable mechanism of C4 formation based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The findings suggest that the C4 production is facilitated by the strong electronic interaction between Cu and Ir and the high oxophilicity of the Ir‐rich surface, which enhances the binding strength of oxygen‐bound intermediates. This work opens the potential of Ir‐based alloys for the CO2RR and highlights the production of C4 chemicals beyond the currently available C1–C3 products.
COVID‐19 lockdown and collective activities: Evidence from the world's largest self‐help group program
Authors: Siwach Garima , de Hoop Thomas , Udayakumar Chinmaya Holla , Desai Sapna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe study the impact of the COVID‐19 lockdown in 2020 on the monthly savings of self‐help groups (SHGs) in India, and the role of SHGs in mitigating the economic effects of the lockdown. Administrative data suggest that monthly savings of SHGs declined by 66% between March and July of 2020, with larger declines in areas with more stringent lockdowns. Survey data revealed that SHG and non‐SHG households had similar consumption and income losses during the lockdown. Households with SHG members and those that received assistance from SHGs in procuring ration or accessing community kitchens reported significantly higher food security, however.
The multifactorial etiology of cognitive deficits in epilepsy and the neuropathology of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy beyond hyperphosphorylated tau
Authors: Witt Juri‐Alexander , Becker Albert J. , Helmstaedter Christoph 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn response to the recent review by Zawar and Kapur on the overlap between mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), we (1) underscore that the bidirectionality between epilepsy and dementia is of high interest, also from the epileptological perspective; (2) outline the multifactorial etiology of cognitive deficits in epilepsy; (3) emphasize that the most prevalent neuropathological findings in MTLE comprise hippocampal sclerosis, dysplastic lesions, and neurodevelopmental neoplasm; and (4) state that anti‐seizure medication can also have adverse effects on cognition. We conclude that the neuropsychology and neuropathology of MTLE is actually more complex than implicated in the review by Zawar and Kapur. Their suggested model may be valid for a small specific subgroup of cases. However, more studies are needed to confirm the role of hyperphosphorylated tau in epilepsy patients with and without AD considering age and age at epilepsy onset as potential moderator variables.
Meeting report of the annual workshop on Principles and Techniques for Improving Preclinical to Clinical Translation in Alzheimer's Disease research
Authors: Sasner Michael , Territo Paul R. , Sukoff Rizzo Stacey J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe second annual 5‐day workshop on Principles and Techniques for Improving Preclinical to Clinical Translation in Alzheimer's Disease Research was held October 7–11, 2019, at The Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine, USA, and included didactic lectures and hands‐on training. Participants represented a broad range of research across the Alzheimer's disease (AD) field, and varied in career stages from trainees and early stage investigators to established faculty, with attendance from the United States, Europe, and Asia.MethodsIn line with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) initiative on rigor and reproducibility, the workshop aimed to address training gaps in preclinical drug screening by providing participants with the skills and knowledge required to perform pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics, and preclinical efficacy experiments.ResultsThis innovative and comprehensive workshop provided training in fundamental skill sets for executing in vivo preclinical translational studies.DiscussionThe success of this workship is expected to translate into practical skills that will enable the goals of improving preclinical to clinical translational studies for AD.HIGHLIGHTS
Nearly all preclinical studies in animal models have failed to translate to successful efficacious medicines for Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.
While a wide variety of potential causes of these failures have been proposed,deficiencies in knowledge and best practices for translational research are not being sufficiently addressed by common training practices.
Here we present proceedings from an annual NIA–sponsored workshop focused specifically on preclinical testing paradigms for AD translational research in animal models aimed at enabling improved preclinical to clinical translation for AD.
Cure kinetics and mechanical properties of carbonized chicken feather reinforced styrene butadiene rubber composites
Authors: Saranya K. S. , Rajesh C. , Mathew George 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolymers are part and parcel of our life and society due to the immense applications resulting from their unique properties. High performing products based on bio feed stocks have gained special attention compared to non‐renewable resources. In the present research work, carbon black (CCF) prepared from waste chicken feathers has been used as reinforcement in styrene butadiene rubber (SBR). Cure kinetics of SBR‐CCF composites and their mechanical properties have been evaluated with respect to loading of filler and concentration of dicumyl peroxide crosslinking agent. The cure reaction of all compounds obeys first order kinetics and the rate constants increase with filler loading as well as temperature. A decrease in energy of activation of cure has been noted with increase of loading of CCF filler, which assists for an increase in the rate of production of articles using the filled SBR compounds. The improvement in tensile properties with CCF has been supported by the fractography of the composites and by the crosslink density values obtained using equilibrium swelling method. The performance of the developed composites points to their applications in the area of car‐tire industry, tread rubber sector and structural applications such as drive and shaft couplings.
Flame retardant research on innovative lightweight wood‐plastic composites
Authors: Wang Di , Jiang Peng , Chen Zhilin , Sun Jun , Li Hongfei , Gu Xiaoyu , Zhang Sheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLightweight wood‐plastic composites (WPC) are made from expandable polystyrene and wood particle using a mold foaming technique, and their fire resistance is improved with the addition of melamine phosphate (MPP) and aluminum hypophosphite (AHP). Flame retardancy is characterized and shown to be significantly enhanced on limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL‐94), and cone calorimetry tests. The fire behavior investigation indicates that the LOI value of WPC/12MPP/3AHP sample can reach 33.5% and UL‐94 rating was V‐0. The total heat release, total smoke production, peak of smoke production rate and peak of heat release rate of WPC/15MPP are reduced by 23.2%, 47.5%, 28.6% and 17.3%, respectively, compare with the pure one. Mechanical properties characterization of composites also reveals that MPP/AHP has a positive influence on the impact strength, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture.
A pilot study of robotic surgery case videos for first‐year medical student anatomy
Authors: Palleiko Benjamin A. , Maxfield Mark W. , Czerniach Donald R. , Cherng Nicole B. , Giannaris Eustathia Lela 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere has been a recent shift in medical student anatomy education with greater incorporation of virtual resources. Multiple approaches to virtual anatomy resources have been described, but few involve video or images from surgical procedures. In this pilot study, a series of surgical case videos was created using robotic surgery video footage for a first‐year medical student anatomy course. Five operations were included that covered thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic anatomy. Students were surveyed at the end of the course regarding their experience with the videos and their perceptions towards a surgical career. Overall, participants agreed that the videos were an effective learning tool, were useful regardless of career interest, and that in the future it would be useful to incorporate additional surgical case videos. Respondents highlighted the importance of audio narration with future videos and provided suggestions for future operations that they would like to see included. In summary, this pilot study describes the creation and implementation of a surgical video anatomy curriculum and student survey results suggest this may be an effective approach to video‐based anatomy education for further curricular development.
Targeting multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus with cationic chlorpromazine‐peptide conjugates
Authors: Panjla Apurva , Kaul Grace , Akhir Abdul , Saxena Deepanshi , Joshi Saurabh , Modak Chandrima , Kumari Dipti , Jain Alok , Chopra Sidharth , Verma Sandeep 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance is a serious public health risk. Its severity is fueled on an unprecedented scale, necessitating the demand for novel antimicrobial scaffolds aimed at novel targets. Herein, we present cationic chlorpromazine peptide conjugates that are rationally intended to targetmultidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacteria. The most potent compound, CPWL, of all the conjugates evaluated, showed promising antibacterial activity against clinical, MDR S. aureus, with no cytotoxicity. The molecular docking experiments confirmed that CPWL possessed a very high affinity for S. aureus enoyl reductase (saFabI). Furthermore, CPWL antibacterial action against saFabI was further corroborated by MD simulation studies. Thus, our findings highlight cationic chlorpromazine as a promising scaffold for the development of saFabI inhibitors to target severe staphylococcal infections.
The role of growth mindset in shaping teachers' intercultural competencies: A study among Finnish teachers
Authors: Rissanen Inkeri , Kuusisto Elina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCultural heterogenisation of classrooms and existing achievement gaps have led to an acknowledgement of the need to develop teachers' intercultural competencies. A growth mindset (a belief that intelligence, personality and other such qualities can be cultivated) predicts positive intergroup attitudes and reduces stereotyping, but has not been researched as an aspect of teachers' intercultural competence. This study analyses the role of growth mindset in shaping three aspects relevant to teachers' intercultural competencies: process versus trait orientation to students, diversity beliefs and orientation to social justice and equity. Fifteen Finnish comprehensive schoolteachers were interviewed. Significant differences were found between teachers with fixed and growth mindsets. Teachers with a growth mindset were more likely to hold polyculturalist beliefs about the interconnectedness and changeability of cultures, and to recognise and combat issues of social injustice and inequity. Teachers with a fixed mindset made trait‐focused interpretations of their students and did not easily recognise problems of social justice in school or in society. These results encourage us to suggest that a growth mindset is a construct with a lot of potential to introduce novel approaches to multi/intercultural and social justice teacher education, but more research is needed. The implications of the findings for teacher education and further research are discussed.
Social support on calling: Mediating role of work engagement and professional identity
Authors: Zhang Leigang , Guo Xiaofei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResearchers suggest that personal and contextual factors may interact to predict career calling; however, the antecedents of career calling have received less research attention. Consequently, the aim of this research is to develop and test a research model that investigates work engagement and professional identity as mediators of the effect of social support on career calling among 456 Chinese special education teachers. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that perceived social support predicted high levels of work engagement, professional identity, and career calling. Furthermore, work engagement and professional identity simultaneously and sequentially mediated the relationship between perceived social support and career calling. Our findings suggest that supportive social relationships may increase the willingness to dedicate one's time and efforts and enhance the clarity of professional identity, ultimately fostering a sense of career calling. This research would be valuable to both academics and practitioners who are seeking to explore various antecedents of career calling.
Improved flexural strength and morphology of gypsum by wollastonite
Authors: Ikuyinminu Ayokunle Blessing , Pritzel Christian , Trettin Reinhard 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe role of β‐wollastonite on the flexural strength of gypsum obtained from the hydration of alpha‐hemihydrate was investigated in this work. Starting with a synthesized Xonotlite obtained from the industry, dehydration was carried out at 880°C giving rise to the β‐wollastonite which was identified by X‐ray diffraction. The pure gypsum samples were prepared and compared with 3% and 5% replacements of the wollastonite. Increased flexural strengths were observed for 2, 7 and 28 days of storage in room temperature, normal water, and cold water. It was remarkable that the strength in water storage increased. The crystal morphology of the obtained gypsum was also improved in the presence of β‐wollastonite.
Thermocatalytic Dehydrogenation‐Enabled Arene‐Alkane Couplings†
Authors: Yu Feng , Tao Renqing , Gan Lan , Ni Hao , Kang Qi‐Kai , Liu Guixia , Huang Zheng 
Published: April 2023

Comprehensive SummaryThe direct use of non‐prefunctionalized arene and alkane as the starting materials to construct Caryl−Calkyl bond is an unfulfilled target and approaches to this challenge rarely surface in methodology studies. Current methods for thermocatalytic arene‐alkane couplings (AAC) occur with specific substrates and/or inconvenient reagents. Herein, we report a one‐pot relay bicatalysis system for AAC involving (pincer)Ir‐catalyzed alkane transfer dehydrogenation and Fe(OTf)3‐catalyzed olefin hydroarylation. This system exhibits broad scope and is particularly effective for alkylation of arenes with arylalkanes to form 1,1‐diarylalkanes with high chemo‐ and regioselectivity, making it potentially useful for late‐stage alkylation of complex molecules. Experimental mechanistic data provide a view into the factors controlling the regioselectivity. Finally, the strategy of dehydrogenation‐enabled arene‐alkane couplings has been successfully extended to a tandem catalysis by using a heterogeneous olefin hydroarylation catalyst.
Metallo‐Supramolecular Structures Binding CO2: Self‐Assembly of Fluorescent Nanoparticles Based on Pyridine Derivatives of Pillar[5]arene and Cu(I)
Authors: Aleksandrova Yulia I. , Shurpik Dmitriy N. , Mostovaya Olga A. , Nazmutdinova Viktoriya A. , Vakhitov Iskander R. , Gerasimov Alexander V. , Islamov Daut R. , Kuzin Yurii I. , Evtugyn Gennady A. , Stoikov Ivan I. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDecasubstituted pillar[5]arenes containing 2‐ and 4‐thiopyridine and thiophenol fragments were synthesized for the first time. The spatial structure of pillar[5]arene containing 4‐thiopyridine fragments was established by X‐ray crystallography. Unique fluorescent self‐assembling metallo‐supramolecular structures with Cu(I) cations were synthesized based on the macrocycle. It was found that the obtained metallo‐supramolecular structures are able to bind CO2, which was confirmed by a number of methods. The effect of CO2molecules on pillar[5]arene/Cu(I) complexation was also tested using an electrochemical device, and the selectivity of electron exchange and the reversibility of changes in voltammograms were shown, which makes it possible to use the synthesized complex for selective monitoring of CO2in gaseous media and in the development of new photosynthetic systems.
Computing rank‐revealing factorizations of matrices stored out‐of‐core
Authors: Heavner N. , Martinsson P. G. , Quintana‐Ortí G. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThis paper describes efficient algorithms for computing rank‐revealing factorizations of matrices that are too large to fit in main memory (RAM), and must instead be stored on slow external memory devices such as disks (out‐of‐core or out‐of‐memory). Traditional algorithms for computing rank‐revealing factorizations (such as the column pivoted QR factorization and the singular value decomposition) are very communication intensive as they require many vector‐vector and matrix‐vector operations, which become prohibitively expensive when data is not in RAM. Randomization allows to reformulate new methods so that large contiguous blocks of the matrix are processed in bulk. The paper describes two distinct methods. The first is a blocked version of column pivoted Householder QR, organized as a “left‐looking” method to minimize the number of the expensive write operations. The second method results employs a UTV factorization. It is organized as an algorithm‐by‐blocks to overlap computations and I/O operations. As it incorporates power iterations, it is much better at revealing the numerical rank. Numerical experiments on several computers demonstrate that the new algorithms are almost as fast when processing data stored on slow memory devices as traditional algorithms are for data stored in RAM.
An improved DC link voltage control with double frequency second‐order generalized integrator for enhanced power quality of grid‐interfaced DFIG system
Authors: Hamid Bisma , Hussain Ikhlaq , Javed Iqbal Sheikh , Singh Bhim , Das Souvik 
Published: April 2023

SummaryIn this study, an optimal double frequency second order generalized integrator (DFSOGI) based grid side converter control (GSC) is used for monitoring active power injection from the DFIG wind energy system as well as improving power quality at utility grid terminals. The reference DC voltage is adapted to variations in voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) that reduces the burden on the converter switches and switching losses. In addition, an intelligent control technique based on white shark optimization algorithm (WSO) is endorsed, where an objective problem is formulated to obtain the desired parameters of the controller. Finally, time‐domain simulations are conducted in MATLAB environment that demonstrate the validity of the implemented control over various operating conditions. To affirm the adequacy of the proposed control strategy, the response of DC link voltage obtained through optimal tuning is compared to the conventional one. The proposed WSO tuning outperforms traditional manual tuning pertaining to enhancing the overall performance of the DFIG system. The designed WSO gains exhibit better steady‐state and transient performance including settling time, steady‐state error, and peak of over amplitude and harmonic distortion. The grid currents' total harmonic distortion (THD) is within 5% that meets specified IEEE‐519 standard.
Optimization of an amplicon sequencing‐based microsatellite panel and protocol for stock identification and kinship inference of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
Authors: Marcy‐Quay Benjamin , Wilson Chris C. , Osborne Christopher A. , Marsden J. Ellen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKinship‐based methods of population assessment such as close‐kin mark‐recapture require accurate and efficient genotyping methods capable of resolving complex relationships among kin. Inference of such relationships can be difficult using biallelic loci due to the large number of markers required to obtain the necessary power. Sequencing‐based microsatellite panels offer an efficient alternative, combining high polymorphism with efficient next‐generation methods. Here we construct, optimize, and test one such panel for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) using a combination of previously‐published loci adapted for sequencing and de novo loci mined from a genome assembly. We performed three rounds of primer optimization, yielding a final panel of 131 loci, followed by testing with two different levels of PCR multiplexing (all primers in one or two groups) and two different reaction volumes (5 and 10 μL). Our results showed that the use of the largest multiplex and smallest reaction volume did not substantially change results, allowing significant cost and time savings. To test panel accuracy, we used both a set of 153 known‐origin samples from origins of management interest and a series of hatchery crosses representing nine families with parent‐offspring, half‐sibling, and largely‐unrelated pairs. Our results indicate that sequencing‐based microsatellite panels can efficiently and accurately provide the information required for a population genetics analyses including population assignment, calculation of between‐population FST, and kinship‐based population estimation techniques. Such techniques are seeing increasing applications for a wide range of taxa; our findings should provide insight and guidance for the development of the necessary molecular resources.
Communal rearing induces high predatory capacity in a solitary wolf spider and its potential in pest control
Authors: Peng Yaqi , Zhang Fan , Hu Die , Li Dong , Zhao Yao , Peng Yu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBehavioral plasticity is of great significance because it allows individuals to flexibly respond to variations in the ecological and social environment. To date, there is little published data on the topic of whether the early rearing experience of spiders influences their later foraging behavior. Pardosa pseudoannulata (Araneae: Lycosidae) is a solitary wolf spider, it is a major predator of pests such as Nilaparvata lugens in rice fields. In this study, we aim to develop a communal rearing protocol for spiders. We conducted a rearing study in the lab that one group of wolf spiders was reared communally and a second group was reared individually. We compared the survival rates and predatory capacity of P. pseudoannulata in both settings. Survival rates were similar overall. At forty‐five days, survival rates were below 40% for both groups. Raising spiders communally led to higher foraging levels. Across all tested time points, spiders reared communally hunted more fruit flies than those reared individually. Significant differences were found between the two rearing groups after hunting for seven and 10 min. Field experiment showed that release of communal‐reared spiders significantly reduced the pest N. lugens population. Our research provides reference for the large‐scale breeding of spiders and their application as biological control agents.