bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Conjunctivo-Mullerectomy for Varying Degrees of Ptosis
Authors: Pornpanich Kanograt , Shanokprasith Sunsri , Jaru-ampornpan Pimkwan , Eiamsamarng Akarawit 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To compare the success of conjunctivo-mullerectomy in patients with varying degrees of ptosis and identify factors affecting outcomes and complications. The Prospective cohort was studied in patients with ptosis undergoing conjunctivo-mullerectomy with or without tarsectomy were enrolled. Ptosis was classified as mild, moderate, and severe per margin-to-reflex distance 1 (MRD1). Postoperative MRD1, complications, and 3-month success rates were evaluated.The study enrolled 258 ptotic eyes of 159 patients. Most eyes (233; 90.3%) achieved surgical success, 14 (5.4%) were overcorrected, and 11 (4.3%) were undercorrected. The success rates for mild, moderate, and severe ptosis were 96.6%, 91.7%, and 83.5%, respectively. The mild and moderate ptosis groups had a nonsignificant difference in success (-4.9%; 95% CI, -12.0–4.5%; P = 0.36). However, the mild and severe ptosis groups’ rates significantly differed (-13.1%; 95% CI, -23.6% to -1.9%; P = 0.03). For all 3 ptosis groups, the success rates of individuals undergoing surgery without tarsectomy did not significantly differ. Patients undergoing conjunctivo-mullerectomy with tarsectomy had an increased risk of unsuccessful surgery (OR 3.103; 95% CI, 1.205–7.986; P = 0.019). In conclusions, Conjunctivo-mullerectomy is safe and effective for all ptosis severities. The success rate was significantly lower for severe ptosis than mild or moderate ptosis. Levator muscle function was not associated with unsuccessful outcomes, but tarsectomy was.
Evolution characteristics of micromechanics provides insights into the microstructure of pharmaceutical tablets fabricated by bimodal mixtures
Authors: Zhao Mengtao , Luo Anqi , Zhou Yu , Liu Zeng , Wang Yuting , Luo Linxiu , Jiang Yanling , Tang Jincao , Lu Zheng , Guan Tianbing , Chen Libo , Sun Huimin , Dai Chuanyun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research focuses on the evolution of mechanical behavior of bimodal mixtures undergoing compaction and diametrical compression. The clusters were built and discrete element modeling (DEM) was used to investigate the densification process and micromechanics of bimodal mixtures. Additionally, a more comprehensive investigate of the respective breakage of the bimodal mixtures has been carried out. On this basis, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the stress, force chain, contact bonds and density field evolution characteristics of the clusters are investigated during the compression process. The entire loading process of the clusters is divided into three stages: rearrangement, breakage and elastic-plastic deformation. Additionally, there are differences in the evolution of micromechanics behavior of different particles in the bimodal mixture, with PGS breakage and deformation occurring before MCC. With the tablet deformation, the fragmentation process of the tablet started at the point of contact and extended toward the center, and the curvature of the force chain increased. This approach may potentially hold a valuable new information relevant to important transformation forms batch manufacturing to advanced manufacturing for the oral solid dosage form.
Anthropometric screening approach for obstructive sleep apnea in Japanese men: development and validation of the ABC scale
Authors: Hirasawa Toshiyuki , Kobayashi Mina , Nakayama Hideaki , Yanagihara Mariko , Inoue Yuichi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The existing screening tools for the detection of moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are tailored to Western individuals. The aim of this study was to formulate and validate a simple anthropometric tool for OSA screening in a Japanese male population by incorporating objective indicators obtained during routine medical checkups.
Methods
In total, 443 Japanese men, who were suspected of having OSA and visited our sleep disorder clinic from 2009 to 2012, were retrospectively divided into two groups (developmental group [DG], n = 206; validation group [VG], n = 237). In DG, OSA was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index of ≥ 15 events/h. Data regarding clinical and anthropometric variables (age, body mass index [BMI], neck circumference [NC], waist circumference [WC]) were obtained. For parameters that were associated with OSA on simple logistic regression analysis, cutoff values were calculated with receiver operating characteristic curves to create a new screening tool. The utility of the tool was evaluated in VG and compared to that of the modified Berlin questionnaire (mBQ) for OSA.
Results
Age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.033, p = 0.002), BMI (OR = 1.231, p < 0.001), NC (OR = 1.327, p < 0.001), and WC (OR = 1.083, p < 0.001) were statistically significant risk factors for OSA in DG. Cutoff values for the prediction of OSA were age: ≥46.5 years, BMI: ≥25.45 kg/m2, NC: ≥38.35 cm, and WC: ≥90.75 cm. Our screening tool, incorporating age, BMI, and WC, yielded 70.1% sensitivity (mBQ: 85.4%) and 66.0% specificity (mBQ: 35.0%) in VG.
Conclusions
OSA screening in Japanese men has been conducted only in limited settings such as sleep clinics. It is hoped that this study will promote screening using objective indices in medical checkups and enable early detection and treatment of OSA.
Inflammatory Cytokines in Tear Fluid as Potential Biomarkers for Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Baba Takashi , Uotani Ryu , Inata Kodai , Sasaki Shin-ichi , Shimizu Yumiko , Miura Mazumi , Inoue Yoshitsugu , Miyazaki Dai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a significant association between the level of cytokines in the tear fluid and the presence and severity of the Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The level of the cytokines was determined in 34 eyes of 34 infants with ROP and 18 eyes of 18 infants without ROP. There were 15 eyes of 15 severe ROP requiring treatment and 19 eyes of 19 mild ROP not requiring treatment. Our results showed that the systemic risk factors for ROP included low gestational age, low birth weight, low Apgar score, surfactant administration, and rapid weight gain. Significantly higher levels of CCL2 and VEGF were detected in eyes with severe ROP compared to eyes with mild ROP or no ROP. Correlation analysis showed that lower gestation age was associated with increased CCL2 levels, lower birth weight with decreased IL-1α levels, and rapid weight gain with decreased IFN-γ levels. A combination of higher CCL2 levels, higher VEGF levels, and lower IFN-γ levels had a stronger predictive value for the severe ROP (area under curve, 0.85). We conclude that the levels of CCL2, VEGF, and IFN-γ are useful biomarkers for the severity of the ROP.
Mitigating Intruder Detection System in Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) using optimizer based ANN model
Authors: N Sivanesan , Rajesh A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) is an adoptable network with dynamic as well as decentralized network in nature. This research concentrates to resolve Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks in MANET and illustrates the usual classification models, which may be unable to distinguish between legitimate DoS attacks as well as network problems. The routing path has been recognized as well as strengthen the environmental adoption with respect to several logic and statistical performances using Machine Learning (ML). The main aim in ML for recognizing the complexity pattern with AODV routing in MANET as well as decision making in accordance with accomplished result. In securing the MANET, there are several ML algorithms have been implemented. The lack of infrastructure in MANETs makes it extremely difficult to implement security measures. Moreover, the proposed sequential pattern with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for AODV routing has generated better security from DoS attack. Thus, the security methods in MANETs majorly concentrating in mitigating intruder detection, eliminating malicious node as well as securing routing paths.
Evaluation of land resources carrying capacity based on entropy weight and cloud similarity
Authors: Xu Changlin , Yang Li 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Land is the foundation of human life and development, which is also the most important part of a country. The study of land carrying capacity is one of the important contents of land management, wherein the evaluation of land resource carrying capacity (LRCC) is an important reference for land resource planning. Aiming at the information fuzziness and uncertainty in the evaluation of LRCC, firstly, a comprehensive evaluation model based on entropy weight and normal cloud similarity was proposed, which is based on cloud model theory and combined with normal cloud similarity measurement method and entropy weight method. Secondly, taking the asphalt pavement experiment as an example for empirical analysis, the experimental results are consistent with the actual situation, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model. Finally, taking Chongqing city as the research area, the proposed evaluation model is used to study LRCC of Chongqing. The research results indicate that the comprehensive carrying capacity and average carrying capacity of various systems in Chongqing have been improved in the past decade. In the future, it is necessary to focus on the improvement of soil and water resources system and economic and technological system. This conclusion reflects LRCC of Chongqing objectively and has a reference value for Chongqing's land planning.
Kv1.1 channel dysfunction in parvalbumin-positive interneurons contributes to anxiety-like behaviors in young adult presenilin 1/2 conditional double knockout mice
Authors: Xu Ying , Yang Guang , Zhao Chenyi , Zhao Yang , Yan Jinglan , Xia Yucen , Li Kun , Wu Yongkang , Wang Xingyu , Zhang Meng , Chen Yongjun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Anxiety, as an early manifestation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), plays a significant role in the initial stages of cognitive decline and has a negative impact on the progression of the disease. However, the specific pathological mechanisms underlying anxiety in early stage of AD remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated anxiety-like behaviors in presenilin 1/2 conditional double knockout (PS cDKO) mice, which are commonly used to study AD. To characterize anxiety-like behaviors, we conducted a battery of behavioral tests on young adult PS cDKO mice. Additionally, we performed electrophysiological recordings to examine the balance of excitatory and inhibitory activity in the synapses of pyramidal neurons and the neural network oscillations in the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) CA1 (vCA1) region of PS cDKO mice displaying anxiety-like behaviors. Our findings revealed a shift in the normal excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance and neural oscillations in the vCA1 region of PS cDKO mice with anxiety-like behaviors. Furthermore, we observed that parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons, which play a crucial role in regulating the balance of excitatory and inhibitory activity, exhibited hypoexcitability in the vCA1 of PS cDKO mice. Mechanistically, we identified increased levels of Kv1.1, a voltage-gated potassium channel, in the vCA1 PV+ interneurons of PS cDKO mice. Genetically or pharmacologically, when we inhibited Kv1.1 in the vCA1 region, the hypoexcitability of PV+ interneurons was reversed and anxiety-like behaviors in PS cDKO mice were rescued. Therefore, we propose that the increased Kv1.1 levels in vCA1 PV+ interneurons reduce the excitability of PV+ interneurons, ensuing disrupted E/I balance of pyramidal neuron synapses causes anxiety in young adult PS cDKO mice. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying early AD-related anxiety-like behaviors.
Mixed planting with legumes did not improve the ability of perennial ryegrass to remediate heavy metal pollution in soil
Authors: Xi Yi , Zhang Li , Xu Yanhong , Tang Yanhua , Zhang Shuwei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aims: To investigate the toxic effects of heavy metals on perennial ryegrass, their accumulation characteristics and detoxification by perennial ryegrass and soil microbial contents were examined under different planting treatments. Method: Through artificially controlled pot experiments, perennial ryegrass was mixed with other herbs (white clover and alfalfa) and treated with lead, zinc and cadmium (337 mg·kg-1, 648 mg·kg-1, and 9 mg·kg-1, respectively) to simulate complex pollution conditions.
Results: The results showed that mixed-species planting increased the aboveground and belowground biomass of perennial ryegrass compared to single-species planting. Both mowing and mixed planting affected the physiological parameters of the plants. Mixed planting reduced the lead, zinc and cadmium contents in perennial ryegrass. Under the uncontaminated treatment, mixed planting increased the activity of soil microorganisms, but under heavy metal contamination, mixed planting did not increase the soil microbial activity. This showed that mixed planting promoted ryegrass growth but did not improve its remediation.
Conclusion: Considering these effects and economic factors, it was concluded that perennial ryegrass monoculture has the best remediation effect on lead-, zinc-, and cadmium-polluted soil.
China's total carbon emissions and carbon peak-related projections
Authors: Song Qing , Xie Yi , Yang Chuanming 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
To cope with the problem of global warming, China has proposed the goal of achieving carbon peaking by 2030. To explore the achievability of this target, the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) model is established by fully considering the effects of population, GDP per capita, energy intensity, the energy structure, water intensity, the industrial structure and other factors on carbon emissions.
Result
The regression results show that population, the urbanization rate, GDP per capita, the industrial structure, the energy structure, and environmental regulation all make a positive contribution to reducing carbon emissions. Especially, with other variables being constant, for every 1% increase in population, carbon emissions increase by 1.7718%.
Conclusion
The analysis of the model coefficients reveals that population and the industrial structure are the main influencing factors of carbon emission reduction in China. Combined with the scenario analysis method for projection, the results show that China is expected to be able to achieve the carbon peak target by 2030 under the low-carbon model. Finally, based on the scenario analysis of China's carbon emission trends, relevant policy recommendations are proposed, such as improving the quality of the population and building a green and low-carbon lifestyle; maintaining a reasonable economic growth rate; accelerating energy restructuring; and optimizing the industrial structure.
Influence of reasoned organic and inorganic fertilization on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) growth, productivity, and profitability on degraded sandy soil in south Togo
Authors: Egnime Kola Kodjovi , Outéndé Toundou , Atalaèsso Bokobana , Koffi Tozo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Reasoned fertilization practices promote fertilizers formula adjusted to crop’s needs and increase production and income. In this study, two agronomic tests were carried out on two sites named Tabligbo (site 1) and Djikame (site 2) on degraded sandy loam soils situated in the south of Togo using inorganic and organic fertilizer quantities obtained from reasoned fertilization. An indigenous variety of Abelmoschus esculentus was used and five treatments were applied: T2: mineral fertilizer (667 Kg/ha), T3: waste compost (6126 Kg/ha at Tabligbo and 7260 Kg/ha at Dzikame), T4: mineral (333.50 Kg/ha) + compost fertilizers (3063Kg/ha for site 1 and 3630Kg/ha for site 2), control (T0) and smallholders farmers old fertilization practices (T1). At Tabligbo, treatments T2 and T4 stimulated quick growth (74,5 ± 03.50 cm) and the highest number of fruit was obtained on T4 treatment (102 ± 09). At Djikame, treatments T2 and T3 presented the highest growth (65.82 ± 2.51 cm) and the T4 treatment gave the best number of fruits (72 ± 4.00). Economic Efficiency and Cost-Value Ratio were high on the T4 formula on Tabligbo soil (53.48% and 1.85). At Djikame, treatment T2 presents the highest value of economic parameters (24.52% and 01.35). Among treatments tested, T4 (compost + mineral fertilizer) is the effective treatment on Tabligbo sandy loam soil for okra production while the T2 (mineral fertilizer) option is the best for okra production on site 2 due to the low content in nitrogen increasing C/N ratio.
Identification of potential biomarkers of venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 via an integrated bioinformatic-based study
Authors: Chen Zhao-jun , Xu Si-chi , Chen Hai-hua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, venous and arterial thromboembolic events have increased dramatically in many patients. This study aimed to identify the potential biomarkers for COVID-19-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Methods
The datasets about COVID-19 and VTE were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to identify the most critical module associated with the clinic results. The intersection of common modules was processed for further enrichment analysis. The hub genes were identified by combining the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of VTEs and common module genes. Then, the final diagnostic value for VTE was verified through bioinformatics algorithms.
Results
As many as 78 common critical genes were summarized by the intersection of the most positive and negative modules of COVID-19 and VTE. These genes were mainly enriched in coronavirus disease, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, ribosome, NF-kappa B, and TNF signalling pathways. Four critical genes including GZMA, BCL2A1, CD52, and RANSE2 were selected by performing the intersection analysis with the DEGs in VTE. All these genes were found to be increased in VTE samples in GSE19151 and achieved a good diagnostic value with a relative proper area under the curve (AUC).
Conclusions
Our study found that similar changes occurred in COVID-19 and VTE. GZMA, BCL2A1, CD52, and RANSE2 can be utilized as potential diagnostic markers for COVID-19-related VTE. This study may offer new opportunities for the detection and prevention of COVID-19-induced hypercoagulable state and VTE.
Exposure to Crime and Racial Birth Outcome Disparities
Authors: Mark Nicholas , Torrats-Espinosa Gerard 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Urban communities in the United States were transformed at the end of the 20th century by a rapid decline in violent and property crime. We leverage that sharp decline in violence to estimate the relationship between murder rates and racial disparities in birth outcomes. Combining birth certificate data from US counties with the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting statistics from 1992-2002, we show that lower murder rates are associated with substantially smaller Black-White disparities in low birth weight and small for gestational age, and smaller Hispanic-White disparities in small for gestational age. These associations are larger in urban counties. We also estimate birth outcome disparities under the counterfactual that the crime decline did not occur. Drawing on recent literature showing that exposure to violent crime has negative causal effects on birth outcomes, which in turn influence life-course outcomes, we argue that these results suggest that changes in national crime rates have implications for urban health inequality.
Attenuation of the acoustic noise radiated by a compressible boundary layer through injection of a vibrationally active gas
Authors: Gillespie Graeme , Laurence Stuart 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The effects of vibrational nonequilibrium processes on turbulence-generated acoustic noise were investigated in a Mach-2.8 shock-tunnel facility. Gas mixtures with relevant absorption characteristics were first identified from measurements of attenuation coefficients using a heated acoustic chamber. In the shock-tunnel facility, CO2, N2, He, and He/CO2 mixtures were injected into the lower boundary layer of the flow through a porous plate. A four-point Focused Laser Differential Interferometer (FLDI) positioned above the turbulent boundary layer was used to obtain simultaneous freestream measurements of entropic fluctuations propagating along streamlines and acoustic disturbances along Mach lines. Correlated fluctuations of Mach-line and streamline FLDI signal pairs were analyzed with a cross power spectral density (CPSD). Compared to a boundary layer of pure air, the injection of 30%, 35%, and 40% He/CO2 mixtures resulted in reduced fluctuation powers correlated along a Mach line in the frequency range of 200-800 kHz. Minimal reductions in fluctuation power were found along a streamline, indicating that the vibrationally active gas is affecting acoustic disturbances and not entropic disturbances. A mathematical disturbance model was created to examine the sensitivity of the measured attenuation to acoustic disturbances propagating from the lower boundary layer only. Disturbances were modeled as Gaussian wave packets of finite width, propagating in the streamwise direction and along Mach lines from the four walls of the test section. Modeling the acoustic disturbances from the lower boundary layer with a 15-30% amplitude reduction resulted in amplitude spectral densities and CPSDs that agreed well with the FLDI measurements.
87 Sr/ 86 Sr isotope ratio as a tool in archaeological investigation: risks and limits
Authors: Rossi Mattia , Iacumin Paola , Venturelli Gianpiero 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
During the last thirty years, the use of strontium isotopes in archaeology has spread widely. These isotopes, alone or in combination with others, can contribute to the definition of human groups and their migrations. However, the interpretation of the isotopic values of strontium is not always simple and requires good knowledge of geochemistry and geology. In this short work we report basic knowledge and suggestions for a correct use of these isotopes. The isotopic characteristics of bio-assimilable strontium depend not so much on the isotopic characteristics of the bulk rock as, rather, on that of its more soluble minerals. Before studying human, animal and plant remains, the state of conservation and any conditions of isotopic pollution should be carefully checked. Samples should be collected according to random sampling rules. The data should be treated by a statistical approach. To make comparisons between different areas, it should be borne in mind that the study of current soils can be misleading since the mineralogical modification of the soil over time can be very rapid.