bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Near-Infrared Emission Based on Hypervalent Germanium(IV)-Fused Azobenzene Compounds with Electron-Donating Groups
Authors: Gon Masayuki , Yaegashi Misao , Tanaka Kazuo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
NIR-light emitting materials are significant as a source for NIR-light technology. Previously, we have found that hypervalent germanium-fused azobenzene (GAz) compounds showed NIR emissions despite the small π-conjugated systems owing to trigonal bipyramidal geometry with three-center four-electron (3c-4e) bonds. Herein, we succeed in enhancing their luminescence properties by introduction of electron-donating groups. It is revealed that the frontier molecular orbitals of the π-conjugated systems with the hypervalent bonds can be varied depending on the type of substituents. As a result, a GAz compound with diphenylamine groups shows efficient NIR emission at room temperature (λPL = 761 nm and ΦPL = 0.07) and at 77 K (λPL = 749 nm and ΦPL = 0.20). Furthermore, data from theoretical calculations support the experimental results and provide additional information on the producibility of the hypervalent compounds. Our findings afford strategies to expand the library of the fine-tunable NIR-luminescent materials involving heteroatoms.
Isolation, morphological characterization, and screening a virulence of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium robertsii as bioagents
Authors: Geremew Dereje , Shiberu Tadale , Leta Ararsa 
Published: July 2023

Background: Entomopathogenic fungi exists naturally in plants as an asymptote and has the potential to reduce the population of insect pests through indirect interactions. This study was conducted to detect and characterize the endophytic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium robertsii from the rhizosphere soil of tomato plants and their virulence effect on Galleria melonella. Methods: From the rhizosphere soil of 40 tomato fields, three Beauveria bassiana and seven Metarhizium robertsii isolates were identified using the galleria bait method. All fungi isolates were morphologically characterized by their colony color, shape, and surface texture. Isolates with the highest percentages of germination, conidial yield, and radial growth were selected, and their pathogenicity was evaluated on second instar larvae of Galleria melonella under laboratory conditions. Results: In this study, Beauveria bassiana showed white colony color and aseptate hyphae, whereas Metarhizium robertsii showed dark green to light green colony color and septate hyphal structures. Maximum spore production and conidial length were obtained by Beauveria bassiana isolate APPRC-27 with 2.67x107 spores ml-1 and 3.24 µm, respectively. Colony radial growth rates ranged from 1.73 to 3.24 mm day-1. The results revealed that the highest mortality rate of Galleria melonella (100%) was obtained by Metarhizium robertsii isolates K-61 and K-102 at a concentration of 1x108 conidial ml-1 at 7 days post-inoculation. The lowest mortality rate was registered by Metarhizium robertsii isolate RST-11. Conclusions: In the present study, isolates that produced the most spores and had the highest germination rates were the most virulent to Galleria mellonella second instar larvae. Therefore, virulent entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium robertsii, are promising bioagents for the control of pests.
The Noetic Signature Inventory: 12-Factor Confirmatory Analysis
Authors: Wahbeh Helané , Kriegsman Michael 
Published: July 2023

Background The Noetic Signature Inventory (NSI) is a 44-item self-report questionnaire that evaluates people’s experiences of intuition or inner knowing. Previous research developing and validating the measure demonstrated its validity and reliability, and a 12-factor model describing the variability of noetic experiences was found. This current study aims to confirm this factor model in a new population. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 1,752 participants completed demographic information and the NSI. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted on the collected data. Results Participants were 49.3  ± 14.8 years old with 16.6 ± 3.4 years of education. They hailed from 62 countries although most were from the United States, United Kingdom and Canada. The CFA results for the 12-factor model were as follows: the chi square statistic equaled 2866.65 with 836 degrees of freedom and p < .001. The model diagnostics demonstrated a very good model fit to the data. All 44 items had factor loadings above the 0.5 cutoff, ranging from 0.58 to 0.77, with an average factor loading of 0.71. Conclusions The 12-factor structure of the NSI was confirmed, supporting its potential as a valid and reliable tool for assessing noetic characteristics. However, there are limitations to consider, and further research is needed to confirm and extend the findings in diverse populations and settings. The findings contribute to our understanding of the multidimensionality of these phenomena. Future research could build upon these findings by replicating the factor structure of the NSI in other populations, incorporating objective measures, conducting longitudinal studies, exploring underlying mechanisms, and using qualitative research methods to gain a deeper understanding of inner knowing experiences.
Mapping capacity building programs in health diplomacy: Relevance and application in an uncertain world
Authors: Pattanshetty Sanjay , Inamdar Aniruddha , Bhatt Kiran , Dsouza Viola Savy , Prem Anirudh , Brand Helmut 
Published: July 2023

Background: Health diplomacy is one of the emerging avenues for academics where foreign policy dynamics and global health meet. Its relevance has augmented especially after the COVID-19 pandemic that brought the world to a halt. International organization and national entities that are responsible for health governance as well as its socio-economic determinants have been increasingly involved in the negotiations for a collective action towards a better health infrastructure and preparedness. However, the approach to health diplomacy seems to vary with whether health is looked through diplomacy lens or vice versa. Thus, inculcating adequate and appropriate competencies of both fields to conduct negotiations for health while keeping national interests and international commitments intact is imperative. Methods: This study investigates 50 programmes/courses that have been currently offered around the globe to understand the competencies that have been identified as essential for a health diplomat. We examined four aspects: i) geographical distribution of programme/course (ii) the type of global health diplomacy programme being offered and their duration (iii) mode of teaching and (iv) cross-cutting themes that the programme offers. Results: We found that the courses/programmes have been mostly provided by the countries of the Global North who play a key part in international negotiations. Although there were diverse types of certifications identified, they can be classified into two groups - core health diplomacy and inclusive health diplomacy programmes. The health diplomacy training is preferred to be provided in-person due to the nature of the work. Conclusions: While competencies for health governance and international relation have been dominant among the current programmes, other cross-cutting themes such as economics, politics, law, public policy, crisis management, environment and public health have been considered essential. The article concludes with a proposal of a framework to streamline the sectors and the competencies that is required in health diplomats.
Incidence and risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized patients: a systematic review
Authors: Bakhsh Tahani , Madani Al-ali Mahmoud , Nabilsi Mohammed , Jumbi Roaa , Bakhsh Hassan , Rednah Mervet , Albukhari Radhia , Aldossary Najla , Kshmiri Ahmad , Alhamid Alhassan Zahir , Dammas Ali Hassan , Kishmiri Jumanah , Alhabib Samia 
Published: July 2023

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major healthcare problem that has resulted in a significant increase in mortality, morbidity, and healthcare cost. Our knowledge of the incidence and risk factors of VTE differs among various ethnic backgrounds and nationalities, therefore, there is a need to explore the incidence of VTE and to understand the role of risk factors that require a pooled analysis. The aim of this review is to assess the incidence and risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized patients. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Sciences databases from 2015 to 2022, to identify studies reporting the incidence and risk factor of VTE among hospitalized patients. Descriptive statistics were described to present the results. Results: We identified 17 studies comprising 17703 participants, and only 1132 (6.4%) of them developed VTE. 12 studies were retrospectives, while 5 studies were prospective. The majority of participants 9573 (54%) were female, while 8130 (4645.9%) were male. 13 (76%) studies reported a low incidence of VTE, while 2 (12%%) studies concluded high incidence and 2 (12%) studies reported moderate incidence of VTE. 12 (70%) studies revealed low risk factors associated with VTE, while 3 (18%) studies found high risk factors associated with VTE and 2 (12%) studies described moderate risk factors related to VTE. Conclusions: Despite universal thromboprophylaxis, medical and surgical ill patients continue to be at risk for VTE. Incidence of VTE among hospitalized patients was low and associated with several risk factors. All patients need to undertake dynamic and constant risk assessment for VTE with laboratory monitoring, associated medications, invasive procedures, and previous medical history considered, particularly for severe and critically ill patients. We strongly urge clinicians to be conscious of VTE risk factors and highlight on optimizing patients' comorbidities before admission to the hospital.
A pilot clinical skills coaching program to reimagine remediation: a cohort study
Authors: Klig Jean E. , Kettyle William M. , Kosowsky Joshua M. , Phillips, Jr. William R. , Farrell Susan E. , Hundert Edward M. , Dalrymple John L. , Goldhamer Mary Ellen J. 
Published: July 2023

Background New approaches are needed to improve and destigmatize remediation in undergraduate medical education (UME). The COVID-19 pandemic magnified the need to support struggling learners to ensure competency and readiness for graduate medical education (GME). Clinical skills (CS) coaching is an underutilized approach that may mitigate the stigma of remedial learning. Methods A six-month CS coaching pilot was conducted at Harvard Medical School (HMS) as a destigmatized remedial learning environment for clerkship and post-clerkship students identified as ‘at risk’ based on objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE). The pilot entailed individual and group coaching with five faculty, direct bedside observation of CS, and standardized patient encounters with video review. Strengths-based coaching principles and appreciative inquiry were emphasized. Results Twenty-three students participated in the pilot: 14 clerkship students (cohort 1) and 9 post-clerkship students (cohort 2). All clerkship students (cohort 1) demonstrated sustained improvement in CS across three OSCEs compared to baseline: at pilot close, at 6-months post pilot, and at 21-24 months post-pilot all currently graduating students (10/10, 100%) passed the summative OSCE, an HMS graduation requirement. All post-clerkship students (cohort 2) passed the HMS graduation OSCE (9/9,100%). Feedback survey results included clerkship students (9/14; 64%) and post-clerkship students (7/9; 78%); all respondents unanimously agreed that individual coaching was “impactful to my clinical learning and practice”. Faculty and leadership fully supported the pilot as a destigmatized and effective approach to remediation. Conclusion Remediation has an essential and growing role in medical schools. CS coaching for remedial learning can reduce stigma, foster a growth mindset, and support sustained progress for ‘at risk’ early clerkship through final year students. An “implementation template” with suggested tools and timelines can be locally adapted to guide CS coaching for UME remediation. The CS coaching pilot model is feasible and can be generalized to many UME programs.
Can Customer Arrival Rates Be Modelled by Sine Waves?
Authors: Chen Ningyuan , Gürlek Ragıp , Lee Donald K. K. , Shen Haipeng 
Published: July 2023

Customer arrival patterns observed in the real world typically exhibit strong seasonal effects. It is therefore natural to ask, can a nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) with a rate function that is the simple sum of sinusoids provide an adequate description of reality? If so, how can the sinusoidal NHPP be used to improve the performance of service systems? We empirically validate that the sinusoidal NHPP is consistent with arrival data from two settings of great interest in service operations: patient arrivals to an emergency department and customer calls to a bank call centre. This finding provides rigorous justification for the use of the sinusoidal NHPP assumption in many existing queuing models. We also clarify why a sinusoidal NHPP model is more suitable than the standard NHPP when the underlying arrival pattern is aperiodic (e.g., does not follow a weekly cycle). This is illustrated using data from a car dealership and also via a naturalistic staffing simulation based on the call centre. On the other hand, if the arrival pattern is periodic, we explain why both models should perform comparably. Even then, the sinusoidal NHPP is still necessary for managers to use to verify that the arrival pattern is indeed periodic, a step that is seldom performed in applications. Code for fitting the sinusoidal NHPP to data is provided on GitHub. History: This paper has been accepted for the Service Science/Stochastic Systems Joint Special Issue. Funding: N. Chen was supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery [Grant RGPIN-2020-04038]. H. Shen was supported by China Ministry and Science and Technology [Grant 2022SQGH10861], Hong Kong Special Administrative Region University Grants Council Collaborative Research Fund [Grant C7162-20G], University of Hong Kong Budget and Resources Committee Grant, University of Hong Kong Business School, Shenzhen Research Institutes [Grant SZRI2023-TBRF-03].
Scoping Review of Positive Mental Health Research for Students in Vocational Education and Training
Authors: Solberg Stine , Laundal Øyvind , Garrels Veerle 
Published: July 2023

Context: In this scoping review, we examine the knowledge base concerning positive mental health studies for students in vocational education and training (VET). The VET student population embraces approximately 30-52% of secondary school students in the Nordic countries, and 40% of the global student population. The risk of early school leaving (ESL) is substantially higher in VET than in general education and mental health may be a relevant factor in this matter. Yet, an overview of mental health studies in VET is lacking and therefore, this article aims to map empirical research studies that have explored positive mental health in VET students. The positive mental health framework, with its origin in Antonovsky's (2002) salutogenesis and positive psychology, focuses on factors that promote mental health and wellbeing rather than taking on a pathological perspective.
Methods: For our scoping review, we searched four databases, and 19 articles were found eligible for inclusion. These articles were systematically screened by means of a coding scheme to identify the following information: Country of origin of the study, its aim, research design, measures, conceptualization of mental health, and main findings.
Results: The evidence suggests that positive mental health is understood as a multifaceted concept, and wellbeing is the dimension that is explored most often, followed by resilience and quality of life. The majority of the included studies used a validated questionnaire to assess various aspects of positive mental health, and most of them sought to explore correlations between different dimensions of positive mental health. Main findings of the studies suggest that a supportive school environment, physical activity, and a strong vocational identity may contribute to positive mental health for students in VET. Furthermore, correlations have also been identified between environmental factors and positive mental health. Finally, findings from the review illustrate how even small-scale interventions may have far-reaching effects, due to the interrelatedness of the different dimensions within the positive mental health construct.
Conclusion: Findings from this review illustrate that numerous factors may affect the wellbeing of students in VET. In particular, a strong vocational identity, a supportive school environment, and physical activity may contribute to positive mental health. These findings suggest that VET teachers may promote the wellbeing of their students by providing a supportive psychosocial learning environment at school.
Are religious patients less afraid of surgery? A cross-sectional study on the relationship between dimensions of religiousness and surgical fear
Authors: Karačić Andrija , Brkić Jure , Theunissen Maurice , Sović Slavica , Karimollahi Mansoureh , Bakula Branko , Karačić Jelena , Rosmarin David H. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionSurgical fear is common and has a negative impact on surgery and its outcome. Recent research has identified individual religiousness as an important factor among patients with associations to mental health, particularly anxiety.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine associations between religiousness and surgical fear in a representative sample of adult surgical patients in Croatia.DesignCross-sectional study among elective surgery patients at different departments of a single hospital.SettingUniversity Hospital Sveti Duh, a tertiary health care facility in Croatia.MeasurementsReligiousness and surgical fear were the variables of interest and assessed through self-report instruments. The Croatian version of the Duke Religiosity Index questionnaire (DUREL) assessed organizational religious activity (ORA), non-organizational religious activity (NORA), and intrinsic religiousness (IR). The Croatian version of the Surgical Fear Questionnaire (SFQ) measured surgical fear and its subscales the fear of the short-term and long-term consequences of surgery. Additionally, sociodemographic characteristics and medical history were assessed. Analyses were carried out using descriptive and linear regression analyses.Results178 subjects were included for data analysis. Univariate linear regression found two dimensions of religiousness (non-organizational religious activity, intrinsic religiousness) to be weak, but significant predictors of greater surgical fear (adj. R2= 0.02 and 0.03 respectively). In the multiple linear regression model together with age, gender, education and type of surgery, all three dimensions of religiousness were found to be significant independent predictors of greater surgical fear.LimitationsThe study was single-center and cross-sectional and did not assess patients’ specific religious identity.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated significant positive associations between dimensions of religiousness and surgical fear, potentially suggesting that surgical patients experience increased religiousness to cope with heightened anxiety. Assessment and intervention to address patient religiousness is warranted in the context of surgical fear among religious patients, and the importance of religiousness in the context of surgical fear needs to be further addressed in research.
Mental health in autistic adults: A rapid review of prevalence of psychiatric disorders and umbrella review of the effectiveness of interventions within a neurodiversity informed perspective
Authors: Curnow Eleanor , Rutherford Marion , Maciver Donald , Johnston Lorna , Prior Susan , Boilson Marie , Shah Premal , Jenkins Natalie , Meff Tamsin 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAutistic adults have high risk of mental ill-health and some available interventions have been associated with increased psychiatric diagnoses. Understanding prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses is important to inform the development of individualised treatment and support for autistic adults which have been identified as a research priority by the autistic community. Interventions require to be evaluated both in terms of effectiveness and regarding their acceptability to the autistic community.ObjectiveThis rapid review identified the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in autistic adults, then systematic reviews of interventions aimed at supporting autistic adults were examined. A rapid review of prevalence studies was completed concurrently with an umbrella review of interventions. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, including protocol registration (PROSPERO#CRD42021283570).Data sourcesMEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.Study eligibility criteriaEnglish language; published 2011–2022; primary studies describing prevalence of psychiatric conditions in autistic adults; or systematic reviews evaluating interventions for autistic adults.Appraisal and synthesisBias was assessed using the Prevalence Critical Appraisal Instrument and AMSTAR2. Prevalence was grouped according to psychiatric diagnosis. Interventions were grouped into pharmacological, employment, psychological or mixed therapies. Strength of evidence for interventions was assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation). Autistic researchers within the team supported interpretation.ResultsTwenty prevalence studies were identified. Many included small sample sizes or failed to compare their sample group with the general population reducing validity. Prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses was variable with prevalence of any psychiatric diagnosis ranging from 15.4% to 79%. Heterogeneity was associated with age, diagnosis method, sampling methods, and country. Thirty-two systematic reviews of interventions were identified. Four reviews were high quality, four were moderate, five were low and nineteen critically low, indicating bias. Following synthesis, no intervention was rated as ‘evidence based.’ Acceptability of interventions to autistic adults and priorities of autistic adults were often not considered.ConclusionsThere is some understanding of the scope of mental ill-health in autism, but interventions are not tailored to the needs of autistic adults, not evidence based, and may focus on promoting neurotypical behaviours rather than the priorities of autistic people.