bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conversion‐Type Organic‐Inorganic Tin‐Based Perovskite Cathodes for Durable Aqueous Zinc‐Iodine Batteries
Authors: Wang Shixun , Huang Zhaodong , Tang Bing , Li Xinliang , Zhao Xin , Chen Ze , Zhi Chunyi , Rogach Andrey L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAqueous metal‐iodine batteries have recently attracted widespread attention, but their intrinsic issues such as the undesired shuttle effect and volatility of iodine hinder their reliable long‐term performance. Herein, organic–inorganic MXDA2SnI6 (MXDA2+ denotes protonated m‐xylylenediamine cation) perovskite microcrystals with a zero‐dimensional arrangement of octahedral perovskite units offering high content of elemental iodine (46 wt% in the whole cathode) are proposed as conversion‐type cathode materials for aqueous ZnI2 batteries. Iodide anions deliver reliable electrochemical activity and are effectively immobilized on the cathode to relieve the shuttle process by both physical steric hindrance and chemical adsorption offered by long‐chain organic matrix and the presence of B‐site Sn(II) cations in the MXDA2SnI6 perovskite, respectively. Moreover, the formation of triiodide anions is alleviated in favor of a significant proportion of pentaiodide ions during the end of the charging process, enabled by increased formation energy of I3− and effective confinement via SnI…I halogen bonds and NH…I hydrogen bonds, as revealed by density functional theory calculations. As a result, rechargeable aqueous ZnI2 batteries are realized that achieve a champion capacity of over 206 mAh g−1I at 0.5 A g−1 (close to the theoretical limit), and outstanding rate capability with a capacity retention of 87% at 3 A g−1. Suppressed shuttle of polyiodide anions endows aqueous ZnI2 batteries with prolonged cyclic stability, namely high capacity retention of 95% after 5700 cycles at 1 A g−1. This study promotes the development of high‐performance cathode materials for metal‐I2 batteries by revealing the feasibility of using ionic perovskites as conversion‐type cathodes.
Venous thromboembolism risk in cancer patients receiving first‐line immune checkpoint inhibitor versus chemotherapy
Authors: Li Ang , May Sarah B. , La Jennifer , Martens Kylee L. , Amos Christopher I. , Flowers Christopher R. , Do Nhan V. , Brophy Mary T. , Chitalia Vipul , Ravid Katya , Gaziano John Michael , Fillmore Nathanael R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIt remains unclear if immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is associated with higher rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared with cytotoxic chemotherapy (chemo) in patients with comparable cancer type, staging, and comorbidities. Using the national Veterans Affairs healthcare system database from 2016 to 2021, we performed a propensity score (PS)‐weighted retrospective cohort study to compare the incidence of VTE in patients with selected stage III/IV cancer receiving first‐line ICI versus chemo. The PS model utilized overlap weights to balance age, sex, race, treatment year, VTE history, paralysis/immobilization, prolonged hospitalization, cancer type, staging, time between diagnosis and treatment, and National Cancer Institute comorbidity index. Weighted Cox regressions with robust standard error were used to assess the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We found that among comparable advanced cancers, first‐line ICI (n = 1823) and first‐line chemo (n = 6345) had similar rates of VTE (8.49% for ICI and 8.36% for chemo at 6 months). The weighted HR was 1.06 (95% CI 0.88–1.26) for ICI versus chemo. In a subgroup analysis restricted to lung cancers, first‐line ICI/chemo (n = 828), ICI monotherapy (n = 428), and chemo monotherapy (n = 4371) had similar rates of VTE (9.60% for ICI/chemo, 10.04% for ICI, and 8.91% for chemo at 6 months). The weighted HR was 1.05 (95% CI 0.77–1.42) for ICI versus chemo, and 1.08 (95% CI 0.83–1.42) for ICI/chemo versus chemo. In conclusion, ICI as a systemic therapy has a similarly elevated risk as cytotoxic chemo for VTE occurrence in cancer patients. This finding can inform future prospective studies exploring thromboprophylaxis strategies.
Photo‐Induced Cleavage of Alkenes to Carbonyls in Water
Authors: Yue Xiaoguang , Ouyang Yani , Zhu Jiashun , Yue Jingfang , Peng Jiehai , Li Wanmei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA method of the oxidative cracking of olefins’ C=C bonds promoted by NaN3 in water without photocatalyst was developed. Some typical cheap olefins could be converted to aldehydes or ketones in moderate to good yields at room temperature under blue light irradiation. The experimental results showed that NaN3−O2 charge‐transfer complexes might be formed during the reaction, and then oxidized and cracked, finally formed aldehydes or ketones.
Enhanced Entanglement and Controlling Quantum Steering in a Laguerre–Gaussian Cavity Optomechanical System with Two Rotating Mirrors
Authors: Sohail Amjad , Abbas Zaheer , Ahmed Rizwan , Shahzad Aamir , Akhtar Naeem , Peng Jia‐Xing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGaussian quantum steering is a type of quantum correlation in which two entangled states exhibit asymmetry. An efficient theoretical proposal is presented for the control of quantum steering and enhancement of entanglement in a Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) cavity optomechanical system. The system contains two rotating mirrors and a coherently driven optical parametric amplifier (OPA). The numerical results show significantly improved mirror‐mirror and mirror‐cavity entanglements by controlling the system parameters such as parametric gain, parametric phase, and the frequency of the two rotating mirrors. In addition to bipartite entanglement, our system also exhibits mirror‐cavity‐mirror tripartite entanglement as well. Another intriguing finding is the control of quantum steering, for which several results were obtained by investigating it for various system parameters. It is shown that the steering directivity is primarily determined by the frequency of two rotating mirrors. Furthermore, for two rotating mirrors, quantum steering is found to be asymmetric both one‐way and two‐way. Therefore, it can be asserted that the current proposal may help in the understanding of non‐local correlations and entanglement verification tasks.
Influence of ZIF‐8 polymorphism catalysts and nanosizes in p‐nitrophenyl ester hydrolysis
Authors: Hamidon Noor Fazrieyana , Tahir Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed , Latif Muhammad Alif Mohamad , Abdul Rahman Mohd Basyaruddin 
Published: May 2023

Three ZIF‐8 polymorphism structures (ZIF‐L, n21ZIF‐8 and n35ZIF) were synthesised by varying molar ratios of 2‐methylimidazole and zinc nitrate hexahydrate (8:1, 21:1 and 35:1) in water at room temperature without any modulator. A high yield of up to 88% was produced for ZIF‐L. Based on their distinct physicochemical characteristics, all were tested as catalysts for the hydrolysis reaction of p‐nitrophenyl palmitate (p‐NPPal) into p‐nitrophenol (p‐NP). The polymorphisms exhibited varying catalytic performance, which was related to altering the imidazolate linker. ZIF‐L outperformed others up to 94 μmol/min/g of p‐NPPal hydrolysis at optimum conditions (1 w/v % of catalyst, incubated at 90°C, 300 rpm for 15 min). Meanwhile, n35ZIF‐8 with nanoscale particle (150 nm) demonstrated a good kinetics (R2 = 0.99921) and recovery rate up to 78% by maintaining 50% activity until the fifth cycle.
Bio‐polyols synthesized by liquefaction of cellulose: Influence of liquefaction solvent molecular weight
Authors: Olszewski Adam , Kosmela Paulina , Piszczyk Łukasz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCurrently, the plastics industry including polyurethanes is based on the use of petrochemicals. For this reason, scientists are looking for new types of renewable resources for the substitution of petrochemical substances. This work aims to evaluate the effect of polyethylene glycols (PEG) with different molecular mass impact on properties of bio‐based polyols synthesized via biomass liquefaction of cellulose. To date, research has mostly focused on the use of different biomass sources, but the area of bio‐polyols synthesis with PEG with various molecular weights has not been explored in depth. For this reason, polyols were synthesized using PEG with a molecular weight in the range of 200–600 g/mol. Depending on the type of liquefaction solvent, the bio‐polyols showed a hydroxyl value of 519–652 mgKOH/g, a viscosity of 0.736–1.415 Pa∙s, and a water content below 1%. Observed difference may be related to change of reactivity of the PEG chains caused by steric hindrance of longer chains and the difference in the amount of reactive OH groups. These findings add substantially to understanding of the influence of liquefaction solvent molecular mass on the properties of new bio‐polyols and those of polyurethane materials.
Optical and electrical properties of polyethylene oxide‐poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/NiZnFeO4 NPs nanocomposite films
Authors: Al‐Bataineh Qais M. , Aljarrah Ihsan , Ahmad Ahmad A. , Alsaad Ahmad M. , Telfah Ahmad D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolyethylene oxide‐poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEO‐PEDOT) nanocomposite films ‐ incorporated with nanoparticles () were deposited using a dip‐coating technique. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed peaks at 35.4, 43.2, 54.5, and 56.3° diffraction angles, corresponding to diffraction planes of , , , and , respectively. The PEO‐PEDOT film exhibited a smooth amorphous nature with a sheet nanostructure behavior. The incorporation of NPs into the PEO‐PEDOT nanocomposite films led to an increase in surface roughness and thermal stability. The nanocomposite films also exhibited sheet nanostructure behavior as observed by SEM micrographs. The bandgap energies of the films, as deduced from the Tauc plot, exhibited a monotonic decrease from 3.91 to 3.60 eV as the concentration increased from 0 to 8 wt%. A mathematical model was formulated to predict the bandgap energies versus concentration. Additionally, the electrical conductivity of the nanocomposite films increased monotonically from 0.46 to 1.30 mS cm−1 as the concentration increased from 0 to 8 wt%, as determined by 4‐point probe. The observed correlation between the optical and electrical properties of the nanocomposite films indicates promising prospects for utilizing these materials in optoelectronic devices.
Long‐term monitoring to inform the geophysical detection of archaeological ditch anomalies in different climatic conditions
Authors: Boddice Daniel , Metje Nicole , Chapman David 
Published: May 2023

AbstractContrasts in electromagnetic properties between the target feature and surrounding soil are of importance for detection of archaeological features with Ground Penetrating Radar. These vary because of changing climatic conditions and soil type and are currently poorly understood. Long‐term in situ monitoring of apparent relative dielectric permittivity, bulk electrical conductivity and soil temperature over two archaeological ditch features on sites with different soil types (one clay and one free draining) was employed to understand the detection dynamics and processes by which these properties change over time. Results were correlated with geotechnical properties of the soil for both archaeological ditchfills and the surrounding natural soil matrix and previously derived laboratory relationships between water content, temperature and geophysical properties to find the timing and reasons for the optimum geophysical contrasts. Monitoring included two distinct, relatively stable periods: one wet and one dry. In contrast to previous perception that there are significant differences in infiltration between the ditch and surrounding natural soil, time‐lagged correlation analysis showed no significant differences in infiltration speed. The key differences between archaeological and natural soils were the amount of water held in a saturated state, the rates at which the different soils dried and the temperature. Thus, the optimum time for surveys was after a sustained period of several days of hot (>15°C) weather, which accentuates both water content and temperature contrasts. However, on freely draining sites that had a greater difference in the soil texture and therefore water holding capacity between the archaeological and natural soils, the timing is less critical.
V‐Set Immunoglobulin Domain–Containing Protein 4 as a Novel Serum Biomarker of Lupus Nephritis and Renal Pathology Activity
Authors: Tang Chenling , Zhang Shu , Teymur Aygun , Yang Bowen , Nazir Fariz , Cai Qi , Saxena Ramesh , Olsen Nancy J. , Mohan Chandra , Wu Tianfu 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo discover novel serum biomarkers that have diagnostic or predictive value in lupus nephritis (LN).MethodsUsing a quantitative protein microarray, we screened for high‐abundant proteome expression in the serum of patients with LN compared to healthy controls. Top candidates from this screening were validated using a larger cohort of patients with LN compared to a disease control cohort (subjects with other chronic kidney diseases) and a healthy control cohort. Promising markers were then selected using a machine‐learning model and further validated with a larger patient cohort. The corresponding autoantibodies and immune complexes containing these proteins were also examined.ResultsIn total, 13 proteins were found to be significantly elevated in LN patient serum in the screening, among which 8 proteins were validated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay using 81 serum samples from LN patients and control subjects. Three serum markers with LN diagnostic potential were identified using feature importance analysis and further validated using 155 serum samples from LN patients and control subjects. V‐set immunoglobulin domain–containing protein 4 (VSIG4) appeared to be the most promising marker in distinguishing LN from healthy controls, with an area under the curve of 0.93. VSIG4 could also discriminate active LN from inactive LN. Furthermore, serum VSIG4 levels were positively correlated with all of the following clinical parameters: the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score (Spearman's rank correlation rs = 0.42, P < 0.001), the renal domain score of the SLEDAI (rs = 0.46, P < 0.001), the urinary protein‐to‐creatinine ratio (rs = 0.56, P < 0.001), and the serum creatinine level (rs = 0.41, P < 0.001). Importantly, we found that serum VSIG4 levels tracked with LN disease activity longitudinally, and that serum VSIG4 levels reflected the renal pathology activity index (AI), particularly the AI components of crescent formation and hyaline deposits.ConclusionVSIG4 may be a promising novel serum biomarker and therapeutic target in patients with LN.image
Hochleistungsaerogelbeton – Verbundtragverhalten mit Bewehrungsstäben aus GFK
Authors: Heidrich Till , Welsch Torsten 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDas Verbundverhalten zwischen Bewehrungsstäben und Beton hat einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf das gesamte Tragverhalten sowie die Gebrauchstauglichkeit bewehrter Betonbauteile. Für glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffe (GFK) in Verbindung mit Normalbeton (NC) wurden in der Vergangenheit umfassende Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Dabei hat sich gezeigt, dass das Verbundverhalten von GFK‐Bewehrung sowohl durch den umgebenden Beton als auch durch die produktspezifischen Eigenschaften (Geometrie, Werkstoffe) der Bewehrungsstäbe maßgeblich bestimmt wird. Für die Herstellung bewehrter Bauteile aus Hochleistungsaerogelbeton (HPAC), für die wegen der Wärmeleitfähigkeit vorzugsweise GFK‐Bewehrungselemente zum Einsatz kommen sollten, liegen bislang keine Untersuchungen zum Verbundverhalten vor. Da eine einfache Extrapolation des Verbundverhaltens von GFK‐Bewehrung in Normalbeton auf andere Betone nicht möglich ist, wurden in den nachstehend vorgestellten Untersuchungen 48 Ausziehversuche zur Erfassung des Verbundverhaltens durchgeführt. Zum Vergleich mit Ergebnissen aus anderen Veröffentlichungen wurde zudem anhand 24 weiterer Ausziehversuche das Verbundverhalten von GFK‐Bewehrung in NC untersucht. Auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse wurden sowohl für HPAC als auch für NC analytische Verbundspannungs‐Schlupf‐Modelle abgeleitet. Anschließend wurden diese Verbundspannungs‐Schlupf‐Beziehungen in ein FE‐Modell integriert und mit den Ergebnissen der experimentellen Untersuchungen verglichen.
Dauerhaftigkeit und Langzeitverhalten von Hochleistungsaerogelbeton (HPAC)
Authors: Fickler Silvia , Vievers Yannick , Rhau Marcel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn verschiedenen Veröffentlichungen wurde über die Entwicklung eines neuartigen Betons auf der Basis von Silica‐Aerogelen, dem sogenannten Hochleistungsaerogelbeton (High Performance Aerogel Concrete, HPAC) berichtet. Neben den hervorragenden Brand‐ und Schallschutzeigenschaften verfügt HPAC über eine sehr geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit bei relativ hoher Druckfestigkeit und ist daher für die Herstellung monolithischer Außenbauteile ohne zusätzliche Wärmedämmung geeignet. Um die Einsatz‐ und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des neuen Werkstoffs zu erweitern, wurde dieser seit seiner Vorstellung im Jahr 2016 am Institut für Massivbau der Universität Duisburg‐Essen kontinuierlich optimiert und weiterentwickelt. Dies betrifft beispielsweise die Optimierung des Werkstoffs hinsichtlich des Materialgefüges und den Einsatz alternativer Bindemittel oder die Beschreibung des Tragverhaltens unter Druck‐ und Zugbeanspruchung. HPAC soll zukünftig vorrangig im Hochbau für monolithische Außenwände von Gebäuden Verwendung finden, welche die Vorgaben nach Energieeinsparverordnung (EnEV)/Gebäudeenergiegesetz (GEG) erfüllen. Um in Zukunft weitere Bereiche und Anwendungsfelder erschließen zu können, ist ein Blick auf die Dauerhaftigkeitseigenschaften unabdingbar, die im Rahmen des Beitrags vorgestellt werden.
Breakthrough in CRISPR/Cas system: Current and future directions and challenges
Authors: Ali Ahmad , Zafar Muhammad Mubashar , Farooq Zunaira , Ahmed Syed Riaz , Ijaz Aqsa , Anwar Zunaira , Abbas Huma , Tariq Muhammad Sayyam , Tariq Hala , Mustafa Mahwish , Bajwa Mubasher Hussain , Shaukat Fiza , Razzaq Abdul , Maozhi Ren 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTargeted genome editing (GE) technology has brought a significant revolution in fictional genomic research and given hope to plant scientists to develop desirable varieties. This technology involves inducing site‐specific DNA perturbations that can be repaired through DNA repair pathways. GE products currently include CRISPR‐associated nuclease DNA breaks, prime editors generated DNA flaps, single nucleotide‐modifications, transposases, and recombinases. The discovery of double‐strand breaks, site‐specific nucleases (SSNs), and repair mechanisms paved the way for targeted GE, and the first‐generation GE tools, ZFNs and TALENs, were successfully utilized in plant GE. However, CRISPR‐Cas has now become the preferred tool for GE due to its speed, reliability, and cost‐effectiveness. Plant functional genomics has benefited significantly from the widespread use of CRISPR technology for advancements and developments. This review highlights the progress made in CRISPR technology, including multiplex editing, base editing (BE), and prime editing (PE), as well as the challenges and potential delivery mechanisms.
Protective effects of Typhonii Rhizoma in rheumatoid arthritis rats revealed by integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology
Authors: Zhang Xinya , Wang Biying , Chen Suiqing , Fu Yu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with a 0.5% prevalence worldwide. Inflammation, periosteal proliferation and joint destruction are the main clinical symptoms of RA. Typhonii Rhizoma (TR) is the dry tuber of the Araceae plant Typhonium giganteum Engl, and possesses many uses such as dispelling obstructive wind‐phlegm and relieving pain. It is used for the clinical treatment of arthromyodynia and RA. However, the mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, we first evaluated the effects of TR in type II collagen‐induced RA model rats. Secondly, in serum metabolomics, TR could ameliorate 11 potential metabolites in RA model rats and reversed RA through pentose and glucuronate interconversions, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and tryptophan metabolism. To further explore the mechanisms of TR, 40 chemical constituents were used to establish a component–target interaction network. Some key genes were verified by in vitro pharmacological tests by integrating the results from the network pharmacology and metabolomics. The verification results showed that the mechanisms of TR against RA may be related to the inhibition of the production of inflammatory cytokines and the expression and function of HIF1‐α. This study serves as a theoretical basis for the treatment of RA with TR.
rTMS treatment for abrogating intracerebral hemorrhage‐induced brain parenchymal metabolite clearance dysfunction in male mice by regulating intracranial lymphatic drainage
Authors: Liu Yuheng , Liu Xuanhui , Sun Pengju , Li Jing , Nie Meng , Gong Junjie , He Anqi , Zhao Mingyu , Yang Chen , Wang Zengguang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe discovery of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatic vessels challenged the traditional view regarding the lack of a lymphatic system in the central nervous system. It is now known that the intracranial lymphatic system plays an important role in fluid transport, macromolecule uptake, and immune cell trafficking. Studies have also shown that the function of the intracranial lymphatic system is significantly associated with neurological diseases; for example, an impaired intracranial lymphatic system can lead to Tau deposition and an increased lymphocyte count in the brain tissue of mice with subarachnoid hemorrhage.MethodsIn this study, we assessed the changes in the intracranial lymphatic system after intracerebral hemorrhage and the regulatory effects of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation on the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatic vessels in an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) model of male mice. Experimental mice were divided into three groups: Sham, ICH, and ICH + repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Three days after ICH, mice in the ICH+rTMS group were subjected to rTMS daily for 7 days. Thereafter, the function of the intracranial lymphatic system, clearance of RITC‐dextran and FITC‐dextran, and neurological functions were evaluated.ResultsCompared with the Sham group, the ICH group had an impaired glymphatic system. Importantly, rTMS treatment could improve intracranial lymphatic system function as well as behavioral functions and enhance the clearance of parenchymal RITC‐dextran and FITC‐dextran after ICH.ConclusionOur results indicate that rTMS can abrogate ICH‐induced brain parenchymal metabolite clearance dysfunction by regulating intracranial lymphatic drainage.