bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CT Utilisation in Emergency Department (ED) Assessment of Patients With Suspected Polytrauma: Impact of a Dedicated Trauma Surgical Team
Authors: Hong Rebecca , Qassin Salma , Zhao Chris , Raju Nihal , Vajuhudeen Zemar , Thom Danielle , Paton Casey , Churilov Leonid , Ganbold Odkhishig , Yang Natalie , Smith Gerard , Lim Ruth P. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionWe aimed to assess the impact of introduction of a dedicated trauma surgical unit (TSU) on CT utilisation for polytrauma in the Emergency Department (ED).MethodsSingle centre retrospective cohort study comparing adult patients undergoing CT for polytrauma following TSU introduction (Intervention group, n = 617) to a historical Baseline group (n = 257) over a matched time period. Patient impact, including initial clinical assessment, injuries, radiation exposure, incidental findings, ED disposition, and impact on radiology services were compared with Mann–Whitney and Fisher's exact tests.ResultsIntervention patients were more likely to be examined by ED physicians (96.7% vs. 91.1%, p = 0.001) prior to CT. There was greater documented clinical suspicion for chest and abdominal injuries, with increased WBCT utilisation for Intervention (Baseline 17.1% vs. 47.8%, p < 0.05), with no significant increase in positive scans by region. More CT chest (Intervention 38.4% vs. Baseline 14.8%, p < 0.05), CT abdomen (42.6% vs. 12.6%, p < 0.005) and CT pelvis (46.1% vs. 16%, p < 0.001) was performed even with low documented clinical suspicion, with no significant increase in positive findings. The intervention group returned for more additional scans (12.48% vs. Baseline 5.45%), had more incidental findings (23.66% vs. 15.18%), and were more likely to be admitted for observation (21.7% vs. 14%), all p < 0.05. Time to scan and total CT reporting time were significantly longer for Intervention.ConclusionIntroduction of a TSU was associated in a shift towards increased CT utilisation, with no increase in scan yield, increased incidental findings and impacts on Radiology workflow.
Selecting Competent Reverse Transcription Strategies to Maximise Biodiversity Recovery With eRNA Metabarcoding
Authors: Wang Fuwen , Xiong Wei , Huang Xuena , Zhan Aibin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBoth environmental DNA (eDNA) and environmental RNA (eRNA) have been widely adopted for biodiversity assessment. While eDNA often persists longer in environments, eRNA offers a more current view of biological activities. In eRNA metabarcoding, extracted eRNA is reverse transcribed into complementary DNA (cDNA) for metabarcoding. However, the efficacy of various reverse transcription strategies has not been evaluated. Here we compared the biodiversity recovery efficiency of three strategies: random priming with hexamers, oligo(dT) priming and taxa‐specific priming using Mifish‐U for fish in both high‐ and low‐biodiversity regions. Our results demonstrate that reverse transcription strategies significantly impact biodiversity recovery. Random priming consistently detected the highest number of taxa in both low‐ and high‐biodiversity regions. In low‐biodiversity areas, oligo(dT) performed comparably to random hexamers; however, in high‐biodiversity regions, random hexamers outperformed oligo(dT), particularly in recovering rare taxa. While taxa‐specific priming was comparable to the other strategies for high‐abundance taxa, it was less effective for rare taxa, thus limiting its utility for comprehensive biodiversity assessment. These differences are largely due to the multiple binding sites for random hexamers compared to the fewer or absent sites with oligo(dT) and taxa‐specific primers under high eRNA degradation. Combining random hexamers and oligo(dT) significantly improved taxa recovery, especially for low‐abundance species, supporting its best practice in eukaryotes. For prokaryotes or genes lacking polyadenylation, random priming is favoured over taxa‐ or gene‐specific priming. Collectively, these findings underscore the critical importance of selecting appropriate reverse transcription strategies in eRNA metabarcoding, with significant implications for effective biodiversity monitoring and conservation efforts.
Age‐Dependent Clonal Expansion of Non–Sperm‐Forming Spermatogonial Stem Cells in Mouse Testes
Authors: Kawahara Terumichi , Suzuki Shinnosuke , Nakagawa Toshinori , Kamo Yuki , Kanouchi Miki , Fujita Miyako , Hattori Maki , Suzuki Atsuko , Tanemura Kentaro , Yoshida Shosei , Hara Kenshiro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn male mammals, spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are essential for sustaining lifelong spermatogenesis within the testicular open niche, a unique environment that allows SSC migration over an extended niche area. As SSCs undergo continuous mitotic division, mutations accumulate and are transmitted to the descendant SSC clones. Therefore, SSC clonal fate behaviors, in terms of their efficiencies in completing spermatogenesis and undergoing expansion within the niche, influence sperm genomic diversity. We aimed to elucidate the effects of physiological aging on SSC clonal fate behavior within the testicular open niche. We used single‐cell RNA sequencing, lineage tracing, and intravital live imaging to investigate SSC behavior in aged mouse testes, where spermatogenesis, although reduced, persists. We found that undifferentiated spermatogonia maintained gene expression heterogeneity during aging. Among these, GFRα1+ cells, which exhibited state heterogeneity, showed accelerated proliferation and persistent motility, continuing to function as SSCs in older mice. In contrast, a subset of SSCs characterized by low Egr4 and Cops5 expression did not contribute to spermatid formation. These non–sperm‐forming SSC clones increased in proportion among the total SSC clones and expanded spatially within the testicular open niche in old mice, a phenomenon not observed in young mice. The expansion of non–sperm‐forming SSC clones in aged testes suggests that they occupy a niche space, limiting the availability of functional SSCs and potentially reducing sperm production and genetic diversity. These findings highlight age‐specific clonal characteristics as hallmarks of stem cell aging within the testicular open niche and provide novel insights into the mechanisms governing reproductive aging.
Alcohol consumption and childhood trauma impact serum immunoglobulin levels in patients with alcohol use disorder
Authors: Abshire Kelly M. , Schwandt Melanie L. , Diazgranados Nancy , Farokhnia Mehdi , Leggio Lorenzo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and childhood trauma both have detrimental effects on immune regulation. Immunoglobulins, key biomarkers of the adaptive immune system, may be selectively targeted by heavy alcohol consumption as well as childhood trauma. In this study, we investigated the relationship between alcohol drinking behavior, history of childhood trauma, and circulating levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) in individuals with AUD.MethodsUsing linear regression, multiple variables, drinks per drinking day and childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) score, were evaluated in relation to immunoglobulin levels. All participants (N = 445) were treatment‐seeking and admitted to the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, where they underwent a battery of laboratory and psychological assessments.ResultsAnalyses showed a significant positive association between alcohol consumption and IgA. Furthermore, there was a significant negative association between childhood trauma and IgG. Other significant results include a negative association between substance use disorder diagnosis (other than alcohol) and IgA, while anxiety disorder diagnosis was associated with lower IgG.ConclusionHeavy alcohol drinking is associated with elevated IgA levels, which may be a potential risk factor for alcohol‐associated liver disease. On the other hand, childhood trauma's association with decreased IgG levels may be indicative of broader immune dysfunction. Taken together, changes in immunoglobulins may be valuable markers linking alcohol consumption and childhood trauma to immune health and disease progression.
The leaders' shadow: Excessive information spillover in the Chinese stock market
Authors: Duan Jiaxin , Lu Lei , Wei Yixin , Yin Fangyi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study investigates information spillover from industry leaders to peer firms during the leaders' earnings announcements (EAs) in the Chinese stock market. We find a positive information spillover, which is subsequently corrected when peers announce their own earnings, indicating excessive information spillover (overreaction). We further identify several reasons for the overreaction: (1) investors' overweighing of leaders' earnings in evaluating peers' earnings; (2) investors' abnormal searching and trading behaviours, particularly among retail investors; and (3) peer firms' poor information environment and limits to arbitrage. These findings suggest that overreaction could be more prominent in less mature, retail investor‐dominated markets like China.
Advancing a relational approach through online education: A mixed methods assessment in older adults' care
Authors: Craswell Alison , dos Santos Ribeiro Mariana S. , Hubbard Murdoch Natasha , Whitford Sandy , Murdoch Thomas J. , Anderson Sharon , Parmar Jasneet , Compton Roslyn M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the experience of health‐care workers who completed an online professional development program designed to support family carergivers in care teams in personal care homes. The evaluation focussed on issues of access and uptake of education modules.MethodsAn explanatory sequential mixed methods design was used to include data from posteducation surveys, and online module analytics of use, to inform interview questions. Demographic data, survey data and video analytics were described. Focus group data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Mixed method data integration enabled inference development.ResultsAcross eight personal care homes located in Canada and Australia, of 114 health‐care workers (mainly care aides) who commenced the online education modules, 89 watched and completed the postassessment. Most agreed that the educational content increased their understanding, and the videos increased their knowledge. Ten participants took part in focus groups interviews. The education was perceived as another way to learn and was considered beneficial for individual and team practice. Health‐care workers found it difficult to find time to undertake learning opportunities outside work when their lives were busy and involved other responsibilities or multiple jobs. The need for organisational support to coordinate time during work to undertake work‐related learning was highlighted.ConclusionsCaregiver‐centred care education exemplifies enhancing relational care among health‐care staff and family caregivers, beneficial for individual and team practice. By valuing education for health‐care workers through creating opportunities for staff to engage during work time, a cultural environment that embodies continuous learning can be created in sectors caring with older adults.
Efficacy and Safety of Biologics for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: A Meta‐Analysis of Real‐World Evidence
Authors: Cai Shiru , Xu Shenglong , Zhao Yan , Zhang Luo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDupilumab, omalizumab, mepolizumab, and benralizumab have demonstrated good efficacy and safety in the treatment of severe uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in phase 3 randomised controlled trials (RCTs). With recent regulatory approvals, there has been a surge in real‐world studies (RWSs). This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to summarise the efficacy and safety of these four biologics in real‐world settings. Primary outcomes were nasal polyp score and sino‐nasal outcome test‐22 score. Secondary outcomes included smell identification test score, loss of smell score, nasal congestion score, overall nasal symptom score, treatment response, and adverse events (AEs) prompting discontinuation. Efficacy outcomes at 4, 6, 12, and over 12 months were summarised, and meta‐analyses of mean changes from baseline were conducted. Sixty‐four RWSs involving 3921 patients were included. Significant improvements in clinical outcomes were observed at most follow‐up time points, with dupilumab showing particularly notable effects. The efficacy observed in these RWSs was superior to that demonstrated in phase 3 RCTs. All biologics exhibited low discontinuation rates due to AEs. Overall, biologic treatments for CRSwNP in real‐world settings demonstrate strong efficacy and good safety. However, the limitations in current RWSs highlight the need for long‐term, high‐quality multicentre prospective studies and comprehensive healthcare database analyses.
Financial barriers in urology publishing: an analysis of legitimate and predatory journals
Authors: Vo Lequang T. , Armany David , Bariol Simon V. , Baskaranathan Sriskanthan , Hossack Tania , Ende David , Woo Henry H. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the Article Processing Charges (APCs) and fee transparency between legitimate and potentially predatory urology journals.MethodsPotentially predatory journals were identified from unsolicited email solicitations sent to an academic urologist between December 2023 and January 2024. APC data were collected from the journals' websites and categorized based on fee transparency: no APC, non‐transparent APCs, or transparent APCs. Legitimate journals were identified from the 69 urology journals listed in the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons library. APCs for these journals were similarly collected and analyzed. We conducted a quantitative analysis with Chi‐squared testing to compare categorical variables and a Mann–Whitney U‐test to assess differences in APC values.ResultsA total of 214 potentially predatory journals were identified from 422 emails, originating from 75 different publishers. Solicitations spanned various disciplines, with only 7.35% from urology journals. Among potentially predatory journals, 3.7% claimed to have no APCs, 21.5% lacked fee transparency, and 74.8% disclosed their APCs, with a mean charge of 2272.50 USD (median 2000 USD; range 150–3690 USD). In contrast, legitimate journals had a mean APC of $3244.51 USD (median 3490 USD; range 635–6950 USD), with 11.6% offering publication without APCs.ConclusionAcademic urologists often face unsolicited invitations from predatory journals and encounter high APCs from legitimate journals. This dual challenge complicates researchers' decisions and can hinder access to reputable publication avenues. To alleviate this burden, institutions should consider financial support for researchers, and both publishers and researchers must prioritize transparency and caution in the open‐access publishing landscape.
Together or divided: How collective narcissism versus secure identity are related to solidarity between disadvantaged groups?
Authors: Eker Irem 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe distinction between collective narcissism and secure identity reflects differences in the nature of social identity. While collective narcissism is a belief that one's in‐group is great but under‐recognized, secure identity is a modest positive evaluation of the in‐group that is not dependent on external validation. In this study, I operationalized these two identities in the context of a disadvantaged group (i.e., women) and examined how each related to intentions for political solidarity with another disadvantaged group (i.e., LGBTQ+) through inclusive victimhood beliefs. I hypothesized that gender narcissism would predict lower intentions for political solidarity, whereas a secure gender identity would predict higher solidarity intentions, with inclusive victimhood mediating both relationships. I tested these hypotheses in one correlational study (N = 737) among women in Turkey. The results revealed that secure gender identity positively predicted political solidarity through inclusive victimhood. In contrast, gender narcissism did not predict political solidarity intentions or inclusive victimhood. These findings suggest that gender narcissism may act as a barrier to solidarity between disadvantaged groups, while a secure gender identity could foster it.Public Significance Statement: This study highlights the importance of identity in shaping political solidarity among disadvantaged groups. The findings indicate that while gender narcissism may hinder solidarity, secure gender identity promotes greater inclusiveness and support for marginalized communities, like LGBTQ+ individuals. These results suggest that fostering secure identities can help build stronger coalitions between disadvantaged groups, which may inform policies aimed at increasing cross‐group solidarity and collective action for social change.
The autonomic nervous system and bone health in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Zoccali Carmine , Vervloet Marc G. , Evenepoel Pieter , Massy Ziad , Cozzolino Mario , Mallamaci Francesca , Lederer Eleanor D. , Andia Jorge Cannata , Drueke Tilman B. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBesides the well‐known role of hormonal factors in mineral and bone metabolism, the sympathetic nervous system participates in this regulation by inhibiting bone formation and promoting bone resorption, primarily via β‐adrenergic receptors expressed on osteoblasts. Conversely, the parasympathetic system, through cholinergic signalling, inhibits osteoclast activity, promoting bone formation and maintaining skeletal homeostasis. This review presents the role of the autonomic nervous system, with particular focus on the potential role of β‐blockers, especially β1‐selective blockers, in modulating bone health in people with normal kidney function and those with CKD. While early studies with non‐selective β‐blockers like propranolol showed mixed results, recent findings in postmenopausal women suggested that β1‐selective β‐blockers could enhance bone density by modulating sympathetic activity. Trial emulation using large databases and eventually randomized controlled trials are needed to test the hypothesis that β‐blockade can favourably impact bone disease in patients with kidney failure.
Workers' response to monetary incentives in for‐profit and non‐profit jobs
Authors: Aksoy Billur , de Oliveira Angela C. M. , Eckel Catherine 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWhen workers decide how hard to work, they consider not only extrinsic factors (e.g., the salary), but also the type of work and the mission of the organization. We study the relationship between monetary compensation and worker effort in non‐profit and for‐profit settings using a modified gift‐exchange experiment. Contrary to some prior research, we find that having a mission does not reduce the responsiveness of effort to increasing wages. Workers are more responsive to higher wages in a non‐profit setting, contributing to our understanding of how the presence of a mission and monetary payments interact in work settings.
Exploring Benefits for Tibetan Cleft Lip and Palate Recipient Families From the Social Perspective of Healthcare Linkage
Authors: Lin Jing , Teng Xiao Qiong , Zhang Chen Xin , Peng Jing , Guo Jun Yi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo understand the psychological characteristics and actual sense of benefit of children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) and their caregivers who participated in social welfare medical activities in Tibet, and to promote the humanistic care and quality of medical services provided by healthcare workers in conjunction with social forces.DesignQualitative research through interviews and group discussions. Sample: Interviews with 13 participants in the medical activities for Tibet. Measurements: Thematic analysis. This paper adheres to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ).ResultsThe actual benefits perceived by CLP children and their caregivers who participated in the Tibetan social welfare medical activities could be summarized into five themes, Awareness of Aid Activities, Major Difficulties Faced by Affected Children and Families, Perceptions of Medical Assistance, Benefits of Participating in Medical Aid, and Expectations for Future Aid Activities.ConclusionTibetan families with CLP children have benefited from this medical aid program, but there are many problems. It is necessary to increase the cultivation of humanistic and professional qualities of healthcare professionals and to call for and promote more social forces to play the role of healthcare and social teamwork.Patient or Public ContributionIn our study, we placed a high value on the participation of patients and the public. During the research design phase, we organized a series of focus group discussions, inviting participants to share their experiences and needs, which helped us more precisely define the research questions and objectives. In the data analysis phase, we established a research discussion group consisting of researchers from diverse backgrounds to ensure that our findings aligned with the actual experiences of patients. Additionally, in the process of writing this manuscript, we also invited experienced senior medical and healthcare professionals to review the document, ensuring that the language used was patient‐friendly and that the content was closely aligned with patient concerns.
P–T Evolution of Paleoproterozoic Dangoli Pelitic Gneisses, Baijnath Klippe, NW Himalaya: Insights From the Geochemistry and Zircon U–Pb Geochronology
Authors: Joshi Mallickarjun , Patel Shubham , Das Biraja P. , Oinam Govind , Srivastava Tanya , Kumar Alok 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Cenozoic Himalayan orogeny resulted from the continental collision between the Tibetan block and the northern Indian Precambrian shield. The latter, replete with evidence of Columbian supercontinent assembly, likely comprised the north Indian continental margin that was reworked mechanically and thermally during the Himalayan orogeny, and still survives as Precambrian vestiges in the Himalaya. Parts of this Paleoproterozoic crust, which now occur as nappes and klippen, were tectonically transported by the Main Central Thrust southwards over the Lesser Himalayan sedimentaries during the orogeny. The Absence of Columbian metamorphic signatures in these thrust sheets has intrigued geologists for long. We present evidence for a Middle Orosirian metamorphic event from the pelitic gneisses of the Almora Group in the Baijnath Klippe from NW Himalaya. The physical conditions of metamorphism have been inferred using mineral chemistry, bulk‐rock chemistry, and phase section modeling using Perple_X software in the MnNKCFMASHT model system. Zircon U–Pb geochronology for the Dangoli pelitic gneisses yielded a robust upper intercept at 1891 ± 12.82 Ma. The P–T phase diagram indicates that the peak mineral assemblage stabilized in the P–T range of 0.41–0.46 GPa and 675°C–700°C suggesting upper amphibolite facies metamorphism. Integrated metamorphic and geochronological results indicate that the Dangoli pelitic gneisses were derived by muscovite dehydration melting of metasediments during the peak metamorphism related to syn‐collisional setting broadly coeval with the Paleoproterozoic magmatism during the Columbia supercontinent assembly. The evidence for definite involvement of Paleoproterozoic high‐grade metamorphic rocks of the northern Indian shield in the Himalayan orogeny is being documented.