bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TAXATION AND THE MORAL AUTHORITY OF CONVENTIONS
Authors: Wendt Fabian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLockeans regard taxation as a—perhaps sometimes permissible—infringement of moral property entitlements. This essay discusses whether, or in what form, this charge is defensible. In doing so, it will explore the truth and the limits of the conventionalist reply of Murphy and Nagel to Lockean challenges to taxation. It argues that there is a moral rationale for property conventions that is independent of the question whether and how one can acquire natural, pre-conventional property rights in the state of nature, that this rationale sets a moral standard for how good property conventions are and whether they are justifiable at all, and that once property conventions are in place, people’s moral property entitlements are at least partly determined by these conventions, sometimes even by unjustifiable ones that ought to be reformed. Because taxation can be a part of property conventions, taxation as such is not an infringement of moral property entitlements. But the essay will also argue that some taxation—excessive taxation—does infringe on moral property entitlements. This is because the moral rationale for property conventions sets some standards for what owners should be entitled to, and so excessive taxation will infringe upon moral entitlements that are partly not convention-based.
Free-text inspiration search for systematic bio-inspiration support of engineering design
Authors: Willocx Mart , Duflou Joost R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Current supportive bio-inspired design methods focus on handcrafting the inspiration engineers use to speed up bio-inspired design. However promising, such methods are not scalable as the time investment is shifted to an up-front investment. Furthermore, most proposed methods require the engineer to adopt a new design process. The current study presents FISh, a scalable search method based on the standard engineering design process. By leveraging machine translation between a representative corpus of biological and engineering texts, the engineer can start the search using engineering terminology, which, behind the scenes, is automatically converted to a biological query. This conversion is done using language models trained on patents and biological publications for the engineering and biology domains. Both models are aligned using the most used English words. The biological query is used to retrieve biological documents that describe the most relevant functionality for the engineering query. The presented method allows searching for bio-inspiration using a free-text query. Furthermore, updating the underlying datasets, models and organism aspects is automated, allowing the system to stay up to date without requiring interactive effort. Finally, the search functionality is validated by comparing the search results for the functionality of existing bio-inspired designs with their inspiring organisms.
Made for Men: Political Science Departments in the United States as Gendered Institutions
Authors: Hinze Annika Marlen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article examines women’s perceptions of and experiences with institutional norms in political science departments and their institutions. Conceptually, it builds on feminist institutionalism. Specifically, it examines the broad institutional norms, formal and informal, that define political science departments within their larger institutions, as well as potential avenues for change. I argue that a “critical mass” of women in academic departments and the presence of “critical actors” in departmental and university leadership positions sympathetic to the cause and powerful enough to implement change can bring about institutional reforms. To that end, I conducted a survey among 1,273 female PhD students and faculty members in political science departments across the United States. The survey questions revolve around women’s perceptions of institutional gender norms, the way they are judged by them, their ability to have professional success under them, and their (or others’) ability to change them. After discussing the survey results within the context of feminist institutional theory, I offer some conclusions about the positions of women in political science departments in the United States, the implications of this for the profession at-large, and some thoughts on avenues for future research on the issue.
Trade in the Digital Age: Agreements to Mitigate Fragmentation
Authors: DEANE Felicity , WOOLMER Emily , CAO Shoufeng , TRANTER Kieran 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCross-border data flow is essential to contemporary international trade. However, transitioning from paper to digital in international trade has benefits and concerns. Concerns have led to an upsurge in data regulation as nations and regions impose restrictions on data flows and storage. This paper argues that, with increasing concerns about data sovereignty, the reconciliation of differing positions will be necessary to ensure that the benefits of digitization can be realized equally. At present, the objective of “data free flow with trust” is aspirational at best, with emerging trade barriers that unfairly threaten opportunities for small to medium enterprises and development within the Global South. This paper supports new knowledge and demonstrates that discriminatory regulation of data flow and disproportionately prioritizing national interests will be a trade barrier that impacts private entities and consumers in all nations. To avoid unintended externalities, cooperation is needed at a global level.
Analysis of Aquifer‐System Deformation in the Doñana Natural Space (Spain) Using Unsupervised Cloud‐Computed InSAR Data and Wavelet Analysis
Authors: González‐Jiménez M. , Guardiola‐Albert C. , Ezquerro P. , Aguilera H. , Béjar‐Pizarro M. , Naranjo‐Fernández N. , Bru G. , Herrera G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work is focused on the Almonte‐Marismas aquifer located within Doñana Natural Space (SW Spain); this aquifer is threatened by droughts, irrigation‐driven groundwater overexploitation, urban use, and the potential reactivation of gas extraction and storage projects. We present ground deformation measurements from Sentinel‐1 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data ranging from 1 to 2.5 cm, covering ∼2,500 km2 from 2014 to 2020. Detecting spatially distributed ground deformation over this agricultural area is challenging due to the low‐coherence radar signals; consequently, the ground movement results are on the same order of magnitude as the errors associated with InSAR data. We have approached this issue by considering auxiliary information such as groundwater levels, climatic time series, and pumping rates and analyzing their spatio‐temporal connections to ground displacements. We correlate InSAR and hydrogeological information through wavelet analysis, developing a Python package that allows applying the same methodology in other similar study areas. For the first time in the Doñana area, a significant relationship between distances to pumping wells and the displacement extent is detected. Moreover, other subsidence‐related triggering factors are identified, such as the soil moisture balance, clay shrinking‐swelling processes, and creep of geological formations. These results are highly valuable to support aquifer management decisions in the Doñana Natural Space; in this border region, three groundwater bodies were officially declared overexploited in 2020. Our findings provide a ground motion baseline assessment to help differentiate historical variations from any future anthropogenic effect in this complex marsh land ecosystem.
Solar Cycles Forced Southern Westerly Wind Migrations During the Holocene
Authors: Riechelson H. , Bova S. C. , Rosenthal Y. , Meyers S. , Bu K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite small direct changes to radiative forcing, solar sunspot cycles are observed in climate records because of climate system amplification that primarily affects wind and precipitation belts. We present a proxy record resolving the dominant sub‐millennial periodicities across the entire Holocene in the Southern Westerly Winds (SWW), whose migrations are linked to ocean‐atmosphere heat and carbon exchange. We use X‐ray fluorescence core scanning to examine a rapidly accumulating sediment record (6 m/kyr) recovered from the Chilean margin, yielding unprecedented <2‐year resolution for the Holocene. We show that variations in terrigenous inputs to the site are linked to precipitation, which is controlled by SWW latitudinal migrations. Superimposed on a long‐term decreasing trend throughout the Holocene, we detect significant centennial cycles in the terrestrial input consistent with solar periodicities. We then propose a mechanism by which southward (northward) SWW movement in response to increasing (decreasing) total solar irradiance cools (warms) Antarctic temperatures.
Dimethylated Sulfur, Methane and Aerobic Methane Production in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea
Authors: Zhang Yan , Tan Dan‐Dan , He Zhen , Yu Juan , Yang Gui‐Peng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive study of biogenic dimethylated sulfur compounds and methane (CH4) from 27 March to 16 April 2018 (spring) and from 24 July to 10 August 2018 (summer) in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. The overall distributions of dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP, precursor of DMS), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO, oxidation product of DMS) and CH4 in surface waters were characterized by elevated concentrations in summer and in coastal waters, coupled to phytoplankton biomass and terrestrially sourced inputs. Surface waters were oversaturated with CH4. The flux distributions of DMS and CH4 were generally consistent with their concentration distributions. In situ incubation experiments revealed that microbial consumption was the main removal mechanism for DMS, which could remove up to 72.1% of the total DMS compared to sea‐to‐air exchange in the surface layer. High DMS release and enhanced DMS yields (34%–62%) suggested more obvious influence from high DMSP concentrations (1 or 5 μm L−1) on DMS production in oligotrophic waters with lower bacterial sulfur demand in contrast to near‐shore waters. Positive correlations were found between CH4 and DMSP (dissolved) in summer and DMSO (particulate and dissolved) in spring. A DMSP addition experiment suggested that DMSP could act as a precursor for aerobic methanogenesis, and CH4 preferentially occurs under nitrogen‐stressed conditions in the surface layers of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea.
Predictability of Coastal Boundary Layer Jets in South China Using Atmosphere–Ocean Coupling
Authors: Xu Jingwei , Zhi Xiefei , Sein Dmitry V. , Cabos William , Luo Yong , Zhang Ling , Dong Fu , Fraedrich Klaus , Jacob Daniela 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMost standalone atmospheric models do not perform well in simulations of coastal boundary layer jets (BLJs), important weather processes that can trigger heavy rain in coastal areas by supplying both moisture and dynamic lifting. We compared 33‐year simulations with a coupled atmosphere–ocean model and its standalone atmospheric component, the REgional atmosphere MOdel (REMO), forced by the prescribed sea surface temperature (SST). We validated our results using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission SST and the ERA5 hourly reanalysis data set. We found that the coupled model gave a more realistic SST standard deviation than the REMO on BLJ days and corrected the overestimated air temperature over land during the day. The coupled atmosphere–ocean model showed a lower land–sea thermal contrast in the boundary layer. This increased the effects of inertial oscillation, which caused the ageostrophic flows to veer southwest, which is the direction of the maximum wind speed on BLJ days. This reproduced a more reasonable land–sea thermal contrast in the boundary layer as a result of strong air–sea mixing in coastal weather processes, which led to a more robust inertial oscillation and a larger SST standard deviation over the central South China Sea. These findings deepen our understanding of the influence of a fully mixed air–sea boundary on coastal weather processes. These results show that operational numerical weather prediction models can be improved by applying atmosphere–ocean coupling to advance their ability to forecast the weather (e.g., BLJ events) in coastal areas.
Sophoridine derivative 6j inhibits liver cancer cell proliferation via ATF3 mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Tian Kunpeng , Wei Jinrui , Wang Ru , Wei Mingming , Hou Fei , Wu Lichuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLiver cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies with an annual death of over 830,000 cases. Although targeted therapeutic drugs have achieved certain clinical efficacy, only sorafenib and lenvatinib are currently marketed as first-line targeted drugs to treat patients with advanced liver cancer. Therefore, developing more drugs are urgently needed. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent programmed cell death (PCD) distinct from known PCDs including apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. Targeting ferroptosis is recognized as a promising potential therapeutic modality for liver cancer. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is an important ferroptosis inducer and targeting ATF3 offers a potential means to cancer therapy. In the present study, we reported for the first time a sophoridine derivative 6j with promising anti-liver cancer effects in vitro and in vivo. Compound 6j could induce liver cancer cells ferroptosis by promoting the accumulation of intracellular Fe2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and MDA. Inhibition of ferroptosis by ferrostatin-1 alleviated 6j induced accumulation of Fe2+, ROS, and MDA and restored cell viability. Further study revealed that compound 6j upregulated the expression of ATF3 via ER stress and knockdown of ATF3 by RNA interference attenuated 6j induced ferroptosis and cell proliferation inhibition. This study would provide new insights for the design of ferroptosis inducers and the development of anti-liver cancer drugs.
HSPA8 acts as an amyloidase to suppress necroptosis by inhibiting and reversing functional amyloid formation
Authors: Wu Erpeng , He Wenyan , Wu Chenlu , Chen Zhangcheng , Zhou Shijie , Wu Xialian , Hu Zhiheng , Jia Kelong , Pan Jiasong , Wang Limin , Qin Jie , Liu Dan , Lu Junxia , Wang Huayi , Li Jixi , Wang Sheng , Sun Liming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUltra-stable fibrous structure is a hallmark of amyloids. In contrast to canonical disease-related amyloids, emerging research indicates that a significant number of cellular amyloids, termed ‘functional amyloids’, contribute to signal transduction as temporal signaling hubs in humans. However, it is unclear how these functional amyloids are effectively disassembled to terminate signal transduction. RHIM motif-containing amyloids, the largest functional amyloid family discovered thus far, play an important role in mediating necroptosis signal transduction in mammalian cells. Here, we identify heat shock protein family A member 8 (HSPA8) as a new type of enzyme — which we name as ‘amyloidase’ — that directly disassembles RHIM-amyloids to inhibit necroptosis signaling in cells and mice. Different from its role in chaperone-mediated autophagy where it selects substrates containing a KFERQ-like motif, HSPA8 specifically recognizes RHIM-containing proteins through a hydrophobic hexapeptide motif N(X1)φ(X3). The SBD domain of HSPA8 interacts with RHIM-containing proteins, preventing proximate RHIM monomers from stacking into functional fibrils; furthermore, with the NBD domain supplying energy via ATP hydrolysis, HSPA8 breaks down pre-formed RHIM-amyloids into non-functional monomers. Notably, HSPA8’s amyloidase activity in disassembling functional RHIM-amyloids does not require its co-chaperone system. Using this amyloidase activity, HSPA8 reverses the initiator RHIM-amyloids (formed by RIP1, ZBP1, and TRIF) to prevent necroptosis initiation, and reverses RIP3-amyloid to prevent necroptosis execution, thus eliminating multi-level RHIM-amyloids to effectively prevent spontaneous necroptosis activation. The discovery that HSPA8 acts as an amyloidase dismantling functional amyloids provides a fundamental understanding of the reversibility nature of functional amyloids, a property distinguishing them from disease-related amyloids that are unbreakable in vivo.
Neoadjuvant sintilimab in combination with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a single-arm phase 2 trial
Authors: Wei Jia , Lu Xiaofeng , Liu Qin , Fu Yao , Liu Song , Zhao Yang , Zhou Jiawei , Chen Hui , Wang Meng , Li Lin , Yang Ju , Liu Fangcen , Zheng Liming , Yin Haitao , Yang Yang , Zhou Chong , Zeng Ping , Zhou Xiaoyu , Ding Naiqing , Chen Shiqing , Zhao Xiaochen , Yan Jing , Fan Xiangshan , Guan Wenxian , Liu Baorui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this multicenter, single-arm phase 2 trial (ChiCTR1900024428), patients with locally advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancers receive one cycle of sintilimab (anti-PD1) and chemotherapy (S-1 and nab-paclitaxel), followed by 5 weeks of concurrent chemoradiotherapy and sintilimab, and another cycle of sintilimab and chemotherapy thereafter. Surgery is preferably scheduled within one to three weeks, and three cycles of adjuvant sintilimab and chemotherapy are administrated. The primary endpoint is the pathological complete response. Our results meet the pre-specified primary endpoint. Thirteen of 34 (38.2%) enrolled patients achieve pathological complete response (95% CI: 22.2-56.4). The secondary objectives include disease-free survival (DFS), major pathological response, R0 resection rate, overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), and safety profile. The median DFS and EFS were 17.0 (95%CI: 11.1-20.9) and 21.1 (95%CI: 14.7-26.1) months, respectively, while the median OS was not reached, and the 1-year OS rate was 92.6% (95%CI: 50.1-99.5%). Seventeen patients (50.0%) have grade ≥3 adverse events during preoperative therapy. In prespecified exploratory biomarker analysis, CD3+ T cells, CD56+ NK cells, and the M1/M1 + M2-like macrophage infiltration at baseline are associated with pathological complete response. Here, we show the promising efficacy and manageable safety profile of sintilimab in combination with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for the perioperative treatment of locally advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.
Flat bands, non-trivial band topology and rotation symmetry breaking in layered kagome-lattice RbTi3Bi5
Authors: Jiang Zhicheng , Liu Zhengtai , Ma Haiyang , Xia Wei , Liu Zhonghao , Liu Jishan , Cho Soohyun , Yang Yichen , Ding Jianyang , Liu Jiayu , Huang Zhe , Qiao Yuxi , Shen Jiajia , Jing Wenchuan , Liu Xiangqi , Liu Jianpeng , Guo Yanfeng , Shen Dawei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA representative class of kagome materials, AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs), hosts several unconventional phases such as superconductivity, $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$

Z

2

non-trivial topological states, and electronic nematic states. These can often coexist with intertwined charge-density wave states. Recently, the discovery of the isostructural titanium-based single-crystals, ATi3Bi5 (A = K, Rb, Cs), which exhibit similar multiple exotic states but without the concomitant charge-density wave, has opened an opportunity to disentangle these complex states in kagome lattices. Here, we combine high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations to investigate the low-lying electronic structure of RbTi3Bi5. We demonstrate the coexistence of flat bands and several non-trivial states, including type-II Dirac nodal lines and $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$

Z

2

non-trivial topological surface states. Our findings also provide evidence for rotational symmetry breaking in RbTi3Bi5, suggesting a directionality to the electronic structure and the possible emergence of pure electronic nematicity in this family of kagome compounds.
Molecular design with automated quantum computing-based deep learning and optimization
Authors: Ajagekar Akshay , You Fengqi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractComputer-aided design of novel molecules and compounds is a challenging task that can be addressed with quantum computing (QC) owing to its notable advances in optimization and machine learning. Here, we use QC-assisted learning and optimization techniques implemented with near-term QC devices for molecular property prediction and generation tasks. The proposed probabilistic energy-based deep learning model trained in a generative manner facilitated by QC yields robust latent representations of molecules, while the proposed data-driven QC-based optimization framework performs guided navigation of the target chemical space by exploiting the structure–property relationships captured by the energy-based model. We demonstrate the viability of the proposed molecular design approach by generating several molecular candidates that satisfy specific property target requirements. The proposed QC-based methods exhibit an improved predictive performance while efficiently generating novel molecules that accurately fulfill target conditions and exemplify the potential of QC for automated molecular design, thus accentuating its utility.
Fluctuating climate and dietary innovation drove ratcheted evolution of proboscidean dental traits
Authors: Saarinen Juha , Lister Adrian M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIdentification of the selective forces that shaped adaptive phenotypes generally relies on current habitat and function, but these may differ from the context in which adaptations arose. Moreover, the fixation of adaptive change in a fluctuating environment and the mechanisms of long-term trends are still poorly understood, as is the role of behaviour in triggering these processes. Time series of fossils can provide evidence on these questions, but examples of individual lineages with adequate fossil and proxy data over extended periods are rare. Here, we present new data on proboscidean dental evolution in East Africa over the past 26 million years, tracking temporal patterns of morphological change in relation to proxy evidence of diet, vegetation and climate (aridity). We show that behavioural experimentation in diet is correlated with environmental context, and that major adaptive change in dental traits followed the changes in diet and environment but only after acquisition of functional innovations in the masticatory system. We partition traits by selective agent, showing that the acquisition of high, multiridged molars was primarily a response to an increase in open, arid environments with high dust accumulation, whereas enamel folding was more associated with the amount of grass in the diet. We further show that long-term trends in these features proceeded in a ratchet-like mode, alternating between directional change at times of high selective pressure and stasis when the selective regime reversed. This provides an explanation for morphology adapted to more extreme conditions than current usage (Liem’s Paradox). Our study illustrates how, in fossil series with adequate stratigraphic control and proxy data, environmental and behavioural factors can be mapped on to time series of morphological change, illuminating the mode of acquisition of an adaptive complex.