bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting formation pore pressure of carbonate reservoir
Authors: Zhao Bin , Shang Yanjun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Accurate prediction of formation pore pressure to carbonate reservoir is a challenging task. Some work aimed at predicting formation pore pressure of carbonate reservoir in Tarim platform area is conducted. Mechanical model of karst cave and its surrounding rocks is established on the assumptions that the shape of karst cave is sphere and it is filled with oil. Surrounding rocks around karst cave are subject to in-situ stress and internal pressure in deep formation. Stress components in surrounding rocks around karst cave are derived by utilizing elastic theory. Analytical solution of critical internal pressure caused damage of karst cave is obtained through Mohr-Coulomb criterion, Drucker-Prager criterion and tensile failure criterion. Corresponding numerical solution is gotten by investigating failure feature of karst cave under the action of different internal pressure with Flac3D software. No or tensile destruction occurred in surrounding rocks around karst cave under the action of the critical internal pressure. The interval of pore pressure coefficient predicted at the depth of 5500m was 1.03-1.30. The actual measured pore pressure coefficient interval was in the range 1.10-1.20. The relative error of predicted value was from 6% to 8%. Results from theoretical calculation and numerical simulation indicated that the mechanical model provided in this study conformed to the actual stress condition of karst cave in deep subsurface. Drucker-Prager criterion can be used to judge the destruction of surrounding rocks around karst cave. The critical internal pressure obtained through Drucker-Prager criterion corresponded to the lower limit of pore pressure interval. The internal pressure induced shearing failure of surrounding rocks around karst cave in numerical simulation can be served as the upper limit of pore pressure interval. The method presented in this study has relatively high accuracy, and can be applied to predict the pore pressure of carbonate reservoir with weak tectonic stress before drilling.
Multiarmed DNA jumper and Metal-Organic Frameworks–Functionalized Paper-based Bioplatform for Small Extracellular Vesicle–derived miRNAs Assay
Authors: Qiu Xiaopei , Yang Huisi , Shen Man , Xu Hanqing , Wang Yingran , Liu Shuai , Liu Qian , Sun Minghui , Ding Zishan , Zhang Ligai , Wang Jun , Liang Taotao , Luo Dan , Gao Mingxuan , Chen Ming , Bao Jing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Small extracellular vesicle–derived microRNAs (sEV-miRNAs) have emerged as promising noninvasive biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis. Herein, we developed a molecular probe based on three-dimensional (3D) multiarmed DNA tetrahedral jumpers (mDNA-Js)-assisted DNAzyme activated by Na+, combined with a disposable paper-based electrode modified with a Zr-MOF–rGO–Au NP nanocomplex (ZrGA) to fabricate a novel biosensor for sEV-miRNAs Assay. Zr-MOF tightly wrapped by rGO was prepared via a one-step method, and it effectively aids electron transfer and maximizes the effective reaction area. In addition, the mechanically rigid, and nanoscale-addressable mDNA-Js assembled from the bottom up ensure the distance and orientation between fixed biological probes as well as avoid probe entanglement, considerably improving the efficiency of molecular hybridization. The fabricated bioplatform achieved the sensitive detection of sEV-miR-21 with a detection limit of 34.6 aM and a dynamic range from100 aM to 0.2 µM. In clinical blood sample tests, the proposed bioplatform showed results highly consistent with those of qRT-PCRs and the signal increased proportionally with the NSCLC staging. The proposed biosensor with a portable wireless USB-type analyzer is promising for the fast, easy, low-cost, and highly sensitive detection of various nucleic acids and their mutation derivatives, making it ideal for POC biosensing.
A Novel Analytical Model of Ballistic 1-D Schottky Barrier GAA CNTFET Including BTBT Effect
Authors: Abdalla Ibrahim L. , Matter Fatma A , El-Mokadem Eslam S. , Hamed Hesham F. , Afifi Ahmed. A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this work a novel analytical model for carbon nanotube transistor (CNTFET) including band to band tunneling (BTBT) effect has been proposed. Consequently, outstanding routes for the design and simulation of ultra-scaled down circuits have become available. Basically, this model has been established on solving analytically the current Landauer integral. Such a solution has been obtained via a set of approximations for Fermi-Dirac distribution function, Wentzel– Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) transmission probability and band to band tunneling probability. In this regard, the suggested approach has been applied to model one dimensional (1-D) Schottky barrier Gate all around (GAA) CNTFET. The introduced model shows a high degree of closure to the experimental data represented in an error of 4.5% for the on current, 1.6% for the threshold voltage and 1.35% for the drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL). The resultant of this effort is reflected in merging of both the accuracy and the speed of the circuit simulator.
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Creation with Modified Portal Vein Access Site may Decrease Significant Hepatic Encephalopathy: single centre outcomes
Authors: Li Lei , Zhao Rui , Kerrigan Timothy , Wang Haiping , Jahangiri Younes , Wang Wenhui , Mao Xiaorong , Farsad Khashayar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
We aimed to assess whether TIPS creation via peripheral right portal vein access (P-RPV), which was considered the classic portal vein access site in TIPS creation, was associated with more severity of post-TIPS HE compared to the other portal vein access (O-PV) which was named the modified portal vein access site.
Methods: This was an IRB-approved single-institution retrospective study. Consecutive patients with cirrhosis who underwent technically successful TIPS creation were reviewed. Patients were assigned to two groups: P-RPV group and O-PV group. The primary outcome was a clinically significant change in hepatic encephalopathy (Δ HE). Secondary outcomes included survival, stent patency, de novo HE, overt HE (OHE, grades 2–4), rebleeding and ascites control. Predictors of Δ HE and overall survival were identified using Cox regression models.
Results: 328 patients were reviewed, and 230 patients were assigned to the P-RPV group (n = 66) or the O-PV group (n = 164). The incidence of Δ HE was 11 (17%), 14 (21%), 14 (21%) and 15 (23%) patients in the P-RPV group and 11 (7%), 13 (8%), 15 (9%) and 15 (9%) patients in the O-PV group at 30 days (p = 0.02), 90 days (p = 0.005), 180 days (p = 0.01) and 365 days (p = 0.006), respectively. HCV infection (HR, 2.21; 95% CI 1.12–4.38; p = 0.02) and P-RPV shunt location (HR, 2.42; 95%CI 1.19–4.93; p = 0.01) were independently associated with Δ HE after TIPS. Our results did not show an association between survival and HE before TIPS (HR, 1.29; 95% CI 0.89–1.87; p = 0.17).
Conclusion: Δ HE was observed in patients with TIPS created from P-RPV compared to O-PV. The modified portal vein access site may reduce the incidence of Δ HE during clinical management.
Presentation and management of unusual, delayed air leak after major lung resection: A case report
Authors: Jalil Riad Abdel , Dabous Ali , Khamees Almu’atasim , Alzu’bi Ahmad Yasin , Al-Majali Joud 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Surgical lung resection is the best treatment modality in the early stages of lung cancer as well as in some locally advanced cases. Postoperative air leak is one of the most common complications after pulmonary resection with incidence ranging between 20 and 33%. The majority of air leaks seal, within 5 days after surgery, on their own by conservative management. However, at least 5% of patients still have prolonged air coming out from the residual lung at discharge. This report describes the management of a thin lady with right lung cancer who underwent a right lower lobectomy and then suffered from a delayed air leak 7 weeks after surgery and required extensive thoracic and general surgery collaboration.
Case presentation:
A 72-year-old heavy smoker female patient diagnosed with stage I lung cancer underwent right robotic-assisted Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) converted to thoracotomy because of a fused fissure, right lower lobectomy, and mediastinal lymphadenectomy presented with delayed air leak 49 days after surgery. VATS decortication and mechanical pleurodesis were done 2 weeks after unsuccessful conservative treatment. Still, the lung failed to expand four weeks later so the patient was sent to surgery; she is underweight (BMI of 18) with not many options for a big flap to fill the chest cavity empty space. Accordingly; the decision was to use multiple pedicle flaps; omentum, intercostal muscle, and serratus anterior muscle to cover the bronchopleural fistulas and fill the pleural space in addition to mechanical and chemical pleurodesis. Full expansion of the lung was obtained. The patient was discharged on Post-Operative day 5 without remnant pneumothorax.
Conclusions: Air leaks post-lobectomy usually present directly postoperatively; various management options are available ranging from conservative and minimally invasive to major operative treatment. We presented what we believe was the first delayed air leak post-lobectomy in a thin lady which demonstrates clearly how a delayed air leak was detected and how collaborative efforts were crucial for delivering high-quality, safe, and patient-centered care till treated and complete recovery.
High-order linearly implicit exponential integrators conserving quadratic invariants with application to scalar auxiliary variable approach
Authors: Sato Shun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a framework for constructing high-order linearly implicit exponential integrators that conserve a quadratic invariant. This is then applied to the scalar auxiliary variable (SAV) approach. Quadratic invariants are significant objects that are present in various physical instances and also in computationally efficient conservative schemes for general invariants. For instance, the SAV approach converts the invariant into a quadratic form by introducing scalar auxiliary variables, which have been intensively studied in recent years. In this vein, Sato, Miyatake, and Butcher (Appl. Numer. Math., 2023) proposed high-order linearly implicit schemes that conserve a quadratic invariant. In this study, it is shown that their method can be effectively merged with the Lawson transformation, a technique commonly utilized in the construction of exponential integrators. It is also demonstrated that combining the constructed exponential integrators and the SAV approach yields schemes that are computationally less expensive. Specifically, the main part of the computational cost is the product of several matrix exponentials and vectors, which are parallelizable. Moreover, we conduct some mathematical analyses on the proposed schemes.
MSC Classification: 65L05 , 65M06 , 65P10
Assessment of Seismic Vulnerability of Building Using Rapid Visual Screening Method: A Case Study in a Ward of Chattogram City Corporation
Authors: Hassan Md. Zahid , Hasan Md. Titumir , Das Partho Protim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Seismic vulnerability assessment of existing building is essential to evaluate the expected damage from the earthquake for saving the human from injury and death. The Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) method is an effective tool for evaluating buildings' structural integrity and assessing their capacity to withstand earthquakes. In this study, existing structures from Ward No. 10 of North Kattali, Chattogram City Corporation are evaluated using Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) P 154 (Level I). The seismic vulnerability levels are categorized based on corresponding RVS performance score depending on structural type, vertical irregularity, plan irregularity, pre-code & post benchmark, soil type. RVS sheets are used for calculating the structural scores. The buildings under the cut-off score of '2', as outlined by FEMA P 154, are categorized as being susceptible to seismic vulnerabilities. Using random sample survey, 125 buildings are considered for vulnerability assessment. The entire surveyed region is split into five sections Area 1, Area 2, Area 3, Area 4, Area 5 based on construction period to determine which area is most susceptible to earthquakes. This study observed, ‘Area 5’ is the most vulnerable which cut-off score below 2, and consisting of approximately 48% of the total sampled buildings. The method used in the research is helpful in identifying the parts of a city that are more vulnerable. The research provides authorities with a quantitative tool to determine the improvement work of buildings for seismic vulnerability performance.
Genetic diversity of maize resources revealed by different molecular markers
Authors: Chňapek Milan , Špaleková Andrea , Gálová Zdenka , Hromadová Zuzana , Mikolášová Lucia , Vivodík Martin , Balážová Želmíra 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal crop in the world because of its nutritional value and industrial benefits. Molecular markers are used mainly by the breeders to study the genetic variability of genotypes and its application in the breeding process. Two types of molecular markers, 10 RAPD primers and 10 SCoT primers, were assayed to determine the genetic diversity of 25 Slovak maize lines and 25 maize varieties. A high level of polymorphism was found with both RAPD and SCoT markers, which was confirmed by high average PIC values using both techniques. The efficiency of individual marker techniques in the detection of genotype diversity can be compared by calculating the marker index (MI) and detecting diversity index (DDI). A higher MI (11.788) and DDI (2.358) value was achieved by the SCoT technique compared to the RAPD method. Three joint dendrograms and PCoA plots constructed based on RAPD, SCoT and both methods combined confirmed the unambiguous separation of maize lines and varieties from each other. The results obtained from the RAPD and SCoT analysis can be used for the selection of potentially suitable biological sources for further marker-assisted breeding.
Vascular age and arterial stiffness in the assessment of cardiovascular risk among young adults with type 1 diabetes.
Authors: Naskret Dariusz , Kulecki Michal , Kaminski Mikolaj , Kasprzak Dominika , Lachowski Pawel , Klause Daria , Kozlowska Maria , Flotynska Justyna , Michalski Mateusz , Uruska Aleksandra , Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz Dorota 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular risk (CVR) in people with T1DM is assessed using ESC/EASD criteria. However, recent studies have suggested methods that are more accurate for T1DM, such as the Steno Type 1 Risk Engine (ST1RE), vascular age (VA) based on common carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), and arterial stiffness (AS). We aimed to investigate the association between VA, AS, ST1RE, and ESC/EASD 2019 CVR categories in people with T1DM.
Methods
The study group comprised T1DM adults aged 18–45 years with a diabetes duration of at least 5 years and without cardiovascular disease. Medical history, anthropometrical features, and laboratory results were collected and used to calculate the 10-year CVR using ST1RE. The cIMT automatic measurement was performed. Based on cIMT, VA was calculated and used instead of chronological age to estimate the modified ST1RE score. We assessed AS by measuring the 24-hour aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV Ao) with a brachial oscillometric device (Arteriograph 24). The participants were divided into 3 CVR categories using ESC/EASD criteria and modified ST1RE scores.
Results
Sixty-one individuals with a median age of 30.0 (25.0–36.0) years and a diabetes duration of 15.0 (9.0–20.0) years were enrolled. PWV Ao was positively related to VA (Rs = 0.31; p = 0.01) and the modified ST1RE score (Rs = 0.36; p < 0.01). Modified ST1RE categories showed significantly higher agreement (κ = 0.14; p = 0.02) with the ESC/EASD 2019 criteria than the standard ST1RE (κ = 0.00; p = 0.92). The PWV Ao increased with each ESC/EASD 2019 category – 6.62 (6.51–7.32) m/s at moderate risk, 7.50 (7.00–8.05) m/s at high risk, and 8.33 (7.52–9.21) m/s at very high risk (p = 0.02). The multiple logistic regression model revealed that PWV Ao was positively associated with high versus low and moderate CVR based on modified ST1RE (OR = 2.58; 95% CI: 1.04–6.42; p = 0.04). The association was independent of sex, glycated hemoglobin, diabetes duration, the presence of diabetic complications, and BMI.
Conclusions
Among individuals with T1DM, AS and VA are positively associated with ESC/EASD 2019 criteria and both ST1RE scores. CVR categories based on ST1RE with vascular instead of chronological age have better agreement with the ESC/EASD 2019 criteria.
A novel polypropylene separator modified with attapulgite nanoparticles based on the surface covalent reaction method for enhanced lithium-ion battery performance
Authors: Yang Qing , Huang Yi , Wu Yating , Wu Shuaibin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The separator is one of the important components of lithium-ion battery, but there are also some problems, such as low porosity, poor wettability and so on. Therefore, it is an important approach to improve the performance of lithium-ion battery by improving the performance of separator. In this paper, the attapulgite nanoparticle was modified onto the polypropylene separator for the first time by the surface covalent method, and the effect of attapulgite nanoparticles on the properties of separator and the performance of lithium-ion battery was studied in detail. Electron microscopy and infrared characterization results have showed that attapulgite nanoparticles were successfully immobilized on the surface of polypropylene separator by covalent reactions. Compared to the original polypropylene separator, the porosity of polypropylene separator modified with attapulgite nanoparticles was improved obviously (38% VS 78%). At the same time, the cost of attapulgite nanoparticle has a clear advantage over other studies. Compared to the lithium-ion battery equipped with original polypropylene separator, and the lithium-ion battery equipped with polypropylene separator modified with attapulgite nanoparticles based on the surface covalent reaction method has a better electrochemical kinetic reaction process and lower interfacial resistance. Meanwhile, the polypropylene separator modified with attapulgite nanoparticles could improve the performance of lithium-ion battery obviously (~ 110%) in different c densities, and a capacity retention of 97.2% and 87.3% was gained for the battery modified with attapulgite nanoparticles at 0.5 c and 1 c respectively.
Analysing pre-operative gait patterns in participants undergoing total hip and knee replacement using inertial wearable sensors— an observational study
Authors: Natarajan Pragadesh , Yin Ashley Lim Cha , Fonseka Dineth , Rooke Kaitlin , Sy Luke Wicent , Maharaj Monish , Koinis Lianne , Mobbs Ralph Jasper 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background Knee and hip arthroplasty are two of the most frequently performed procedures in Orthopaedic surgery. They are associated with positive patient-reported outcomes and significant improvements in quality of life for patients. Despite this success, there may be room for further progress in measuring functional outcomes in the form of gait analysis.Methods Gait metrics were obtained from 30 patients requiring either total knee or hip replacement in this cross-sectional observational study, with the use of chest-based wearable sensor. These gait metrics were then compared with 30 healthy controls of similar ages and the differences evaluated using a T-test. Participants were instructed to walked a self-selected distance (15-120m) in a hospital environment (level surface) with chest-based wearable sensor MetaMotionC (Mbientlab Inc., USA) fitted in.Discussion Hip and knee osteoarthritis patients have unique gait signatures that can be detected using wearable sensors technology. In total three domains were evaluated including spatiotemporal, variations and asymmetry parameters. From the domains that were obtained there were marked variations in gait asymmetry parameters in both hip and knee osteoarthritis. The magnitude of gait deterioration in terms of step length asymmetry seems greater on average in hip osteoarthritis than knee. A single chest-based sensor was found to be capable of detecting pathological gait signatures in severe osteoarthritis patients requiring surgical intervention, when compared to age-matched controls. Future studies should be conducted to validate the suitability of wearable sensors as a clinical adjunct.
Girls' Night In? Effects of the Kenyan COVID-19 Lockdown on Web Browsing
Authors: Giardili Soledad , Jain Sanjay , Miller Amalia , Ramdas Kamalini , Sungu Alp 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We present the first objective evidence on how COVID-19 lockdowns affected internet browser usage in Africa, using detailed digital trace data on PC-based and mobile-based browsing patterns of 316 Kenyans who had access to a PC, covering the period before and during Kenya's first national COVID-19 curfew that was declared on March 25, 2020. We find that total daily browser usage increased by 41 minutes, or 15 percent of average browsing time, after the curfew started. We find no significant differences in total browsing time during the curfew by gender or by residence in high-speed vs. low-speed broadband access areas. However, we do find gender differences in the content of browsing. Women's time on YouTube and Netflix exceeded men's from the start of our sample period, and the gender gap in Netflix browsing increased by 36 minutes daily, corresponding to almost twice the average daily Netflix time in the sample. Men's browsing became less concentrated during the curfew, across both domains and topics, but women's did not. The degree of overlap in browsing between men and women also increased, likely due to men visiting sites that were previously exclusively visited by women. Across the entire sample, browsing of Kenyan domains dropped significantly relative to that of non-Kenyan domains, indicating greater reliance on international content during this period of economic and social upheaval.