bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of human behaviour change models to investigate horse owner intention to adopt emergency colic recommendations
Authors: Lightfoot Katie L. , Frost Ellie , Burford John H. , England Gary C. W. , Freeman Sarah L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundBehavioural models are widely used within human medicine to understand beliefs and intention associated with major health interventions.ObjectivesTo investigate horse‐owner beliefs and practices associated with emergency colic planning.Study designCross‐sectional study.MethodsAn online survey incorporating the Trans‐Theoretical Model of behaviour change and the Theory of Planned Behaviour was developed to assess owner intention to adopt three areas of emergency colic planning: (1) prevention/recognition, (2) involvement of others and (3) personal preparation. Participants were recruited using a snowball sampling strategy; multivariable logistic regression of data was performed.ResultsThere were 701 horse‐owners who completed the survey. Respondents fell into one of two categories: no intention to adopt or already implementing emergency planning recommendations. Most agreed that emergency colic plans would improve their horse's welfare (68%) and aid in decision making (78%). Most disagreed that colic was inevitable (66%) and that treatment options were not within their control (69%). Multivariable analysis showed that those who believed emergency plans were worth creating were more likely to adopt preventive (OR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.27–4.30, p = 0.007) and personal preparation (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.31–1.97, p < 0.001) recommendations. Preventive recommendations were also associated with ‘REACT’ campaign awareness (OR 2.36, 95% CI: 1.40–3.97, p = 0.001). Favourable behavioural beliefs, such as the acknowledgement of welfare and decision‐making benefits, were linked to the involvement of others in planning (OR: 2.93, 95% CI: 1.78–4.81, p < 0.001).Main limitationsPotential response bias and small sample size.ConclusionsThe majority of owners were either unwilling to adopt suggested recommendations or believed that their approach was currently sufficient. Most owners perceived veterinary professionals as most influential on their decision to plan for a colic emergency, highlighting their importance in any educational campaign.
Envisioning a successful professional self through a negotiation‐themed advanced Chinese course
Authors: Zeng Zhini , Jia Junqing (Jessie) 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA great deal of research has recognized the necessity of receiving proper predeparture training for being able to truly benefit from international internship experiences. However, few researchers have taken the next step by exploring how domestic programs could pedagogically and psychologically prepare students for their professional experiences abroad. This study examines the role that a language‐for‐specific‐purposes course plays in the process of preparing students for their upcoming internship experiences in the target culture, with a focus on intercultural negotiation. The findings suggest the students were able to successfully develop the cultural awareness and communicative skills necessary to engage in the negotiation of cultural boundaries. Furthermore, the study discusses how the introduction of a role model, in‐depth workplace scenarios, and creating a holistic view of one's learning experiences are the three pedagogical elements that contribute to the construction of a professional L2 self.
Organic‐rich bimineralic ooids record biological processes in Shark Bay, Western Australia
Authors: Ramey‐Lariviere Juliet Y. F. , Gong Jian , Baldes Matthew J. , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Bosak Tanja , Pruss Sara B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMarine ooids have formed in microbially colonized environments for billions of years, but the microbial contributions to mineral formation in ooids continue to be debated. Here we provide evidence of these contributions in ooids from Carbla Beach, Shark Bay, Western Australia. Dark 100–240 μm diameter ooids from Carbla Beach contain two different carbonate minerals. These ooids have 50–100 μm‐diameter dark nuclei that contain aragonite, amorphous iron sulfide, detrital aluminosilicate grains and organic matter, and 10–20 μm‐thick layers of high‐Mg calcite that separate nuclei from aragonitic outer cortices. Raman spectroscopy indicates organic enrichments in the nuclei and high‐Mg calcite layers. Synchrotron‐based microfocused X‐ray fluorescence mapping reveals high‐Mg calcite layers and the presence of iron sulfides and detrital grains in the peloidal nuclei. Iron sulfide grains within the nuclei indicate past sulfate reduction in the presence of iron. The preservation of organic signals in and around high‐Mg calcite layers and the absence of iron sulfide suggest that organics stabilized high‐Mg calcite under less sulfidic conditions. Aragonitic cortices that surround the nuclei and Mg‐calcite layers do not preserve microporosity, iron sulfide minerals nor organic enrichments, indicating growth under more oxidizing conditions. These morphological, compositional, and mineralogical signals of microbial processes in dark ooids from Shark Bay, Western Australia, record the formation of ooid nuclei and the accretion of magnesium‐rich cortical layers in benthic, reducing, microbially colonized areas.
Social assessment of miscanthus cultivation in Croatia: Assessing farmers' preferences and willingness to cultivate the crop
Authors: Marting Vidaurre Nirvana A. , Jurišić Vanja , Bieling Claudia , Magenau Elena , Wagner Moritz , Kiesel Andreas , Lewandowski Iris 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSocial aspects of miscanthus cultivation have been investigated in a limited way in the scientific literature. Adopting existing frameworks for social life‐cycle assessment enables assessments to include numerous social aspects; however, the relevance of these aspects depends on the local context. This study aims to identify the most relevant social aspects from the farmers' perspective using a previously proposed framework for the assessment of the stakeholder ‘farmer’. It is based on a case study for miscanthus production in Sisak Moslavina in Croatia. The existence of abandoned lands in Croatia presents an opportunity for the cultivation of miscanthus as a potential source of biomass for the production of bio‐based materials and fuels. The study seeks to assess the feasibility of cultivating miscanthus in the region, taking into account potential challenges and opportunities, as well as farmers' willingness to adopt the crop, and to understand the reasons behind land abandonment. We conducted a survey among 44 farmers in the region and used a scoring method to identify the most relevant social aspects. The aspects most valued by the farmers were health and safety, access to water, land consolidation and rights, income and local employment, and food security. Responses to the question of whether they would adopt the crop highlight the importance of an established market, good trading conditions and profitability of cultivation. The survey also enabled an understanding of farmers' preferences with respect to the production conditions of crops. The farmers regarded the provision of subsidies as one of the main factors that render a crop attractive. Opportunities for the adoption of the miscanthus cultivation include high yields and low input requirements. Barriers include land conflicts and land availability. Despite the opportunities for miscanthus development in the region, there are important challenges to consider for successful implementation of the crop.
Exploring the content of self‐help toolkits as an intervention for non‐suicidal self‐injury in young people in England
Authors: Fenton Clare , Attwell Leah , Standley Emma , Holmes Jannah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNon‐suicidal self‐harm has been increasing in young people over the last decade leading to several self‐help interventions being developed. Self‐help toolkits are given a variety of names, such as ‘hope box’ and ‘self‐soothe kit’, but all seek to provide young people with the tools to manage thoughts to self‐harm by bringing together a collection of personal items, distress tolerance activities and help‐seeking prompts. They represent a low‐cost, low‐burden and accessible intervention. This study explored what child and adolescent mental health professionals working with young people are currently recommending as the content of these self‐help toolkits. A questionnaire was sent to child and adolescent mental health services and residential units across England and received 251 responses from professionals. Sixty‐six per cent described self‐help tool kits as being effective or very effective for helping young people manage self‐harm urges. The content was categorized into sensory items (subcategorized by sense), distraction activities, relaxation and mindfulness activities, seeking positives and coping strategies, with the caveat that all toolkits should be individualized. The results of this study help to inform the future manualization of the use of self‐help toolkits in clinical practice as a self‐harm intervention for children and young people.
Online Evidential Nearest Neighbour Classification for Internet of Things Time Series
Authors: Toman Patrick , Ravishanker Nalini , Rajasekaran Sanguthevar , Lally Nathan 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThe ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT) is a rapidly developing set of technologies that leverages large numbers of networked sensors, to relay data in an online fashion. Typically, knowledge of the sensor environment is incomplete and subject to changes over time. There is a need to employ classification algorithms to understand the data. We first review of existing time series classification (TSC) approaches, with emphasis on the well‐knownk‐nearest neighbours (kNN) methods. We extend these to dynamicalkNN classifiers, and discuss their shortcomings for handling the inherent uncertainty in IoT data. We next reviewevidentialkNN ( ) classifiers that leverage the well‐knownDempster–Shafertheory to allow principled uncertainty quantification. We develop a dynamic approach for classifying IoT streams via algorithms that use evidential theoretic pattern rejection rules for (i) classifying incoming patterns into a set oforacleclasses, (ii) automatically pruning ambiguously labelled patterns such as aberrant streams (due to malfunctioning sensors, say), and (iii) identifying novel classes that may emerge in new subsequences over time. While these methods have wide applicability in many domains, we illustrate the dynamic and approaches for classifying a large, noisy IoT time series dataset from an insurance firm.
A genome‐wide comparison between selected and unselected Valle del Belice sheep reveals differences in population structure and footprints of recent selection
Authors: Ben Jemaa Slim , Tolone Marco , Sardina Maria Teresa , Di Gerlando Rosalia , Chessari Giorgio , Criscione Andrea , Persichilli Christian , Portolano Baldassare , Mastrangelo Salvatore 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAbout three decades of breeding and selection in the Valle del Belìce sheep are expected to have left several genomic footprints related to milk production traits. In this study, we have assembled a dataset with 451 individuals of the Valle del Belìce sheep breed: 184 animals that underwent directional selection for milk production and 267 unselected animals, genotyped for 40,660 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Three different statistical approaches, both within (iHS and ROH) and between (Rsb) groups, were used to identify genomic regions potentially under selection. Population structure analyses separated all individuals according to their belonging to the two groups. A total of four genomic regions on two chromosomes were jointly identified by at least two statistical approaches. Several candidate genes for milk production were identified, corroborating the polygenic nature of this trait and which may provide clues to potential new selection targets. We also found candidate genes for growth and reproductive traits. Overall, the identified genes may explain the effect of selection to improve the performances related to milk production traits in the breed. Further studies using high‐density array data, would be particularly relevant to refine and validate these results.
Does pre‐school developmental assessment agree with later intellectual assessment? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Karyadiguna Nugroho , Bernie Charmaine , Barnes Elizabeth H , Williams Katrina , Lo Bee Hong 
Published: May 2023

AimThis study sought to assess the association between early developmental assessment of toddlers with idiopathic global developmental delay (GDD) and their later intelligence test scores.MethodsToddlers with idiopathic GDD attending a community clinic over a 6‐year period were assessed initially using the Griffiths Mental Development Scales – Extended Revised version (GMDS‐ER) and later completing formal intelligence testing using the Stanford‐Binet Intelligence Scale – 5th Edition (SB5) at age 4–6 years. Spearman's correlation was used to assess the association of quotient scores across the tools. The composite quotient (GQ) and the subscale quotients of GMDS‐ER were correlated with the full‐scale IQ (FSIQ), verbal and non‐verbal IQ scores from the SB5.ResultsThirty of 153 children assessed at the clinic were eligible for the study. The correlation between GMDS‐ER GQ and later SB5 FSIQ was strong (r = 0.86, P < 0.001). The subscales' associations were moderate to strong (0.48–0.71). Eighty‐six percent (86%) of children with delay on GMDS‐ER GQ were found later to be in the impaired category based on the FSIQ of the SB5.ConclusionThere was a strong association between toddlers' early developmental quotients and later IQ scores for children with idiopathic GDD, though agreement between early GDD diagnoses and later intellectual disability is not absolute. Individualised care is needed around prognostic advice and recommendations to caregivers and families in the early years, so they may effectively plan for interventions, supports and later reassessment to optimise their child's development and learning.
Relationship between perceived and measured body size among Pacific 14‐year‐olds in Aotearoa|New Zealand: Findings from the Pacific Islands Families Study
Authors: Lousich Katrina L , Tautolo El‐Shadan , Schluter Philip J 
Published: May 2023

AimPacific people carry a disproportionate burden of socio‐cultural and economic determinants of health in Aotearoa | New Zealand (NZ), and 61.7% of Pacific children aged 0–14 years are overweight or obese. Yet Pacific children's self‐perception of their body size is unknown. This population‐based study aimed to investigate the concordance between measured and perceived body size in a cohort of Pacific 14‐year‐olds in NZ, and to assess how this relationship is influenced by their cultural orientation, socio‐economic deprivation and degree of recreational internet use.MethodsThe Pacific Islands Families Study tracks a cohort of Pacific infants born in the year 2000 at Middlemore Hospital, South Auckland. This study is a nested cross‐section of participants at the 14‐year postpartum measurement wave. Following strict measurement protocols, body mass index was measured and categorised according to the World Health Organization classifications. Agreement and logistic regression analysis methods were employed.ResultsOf 834 participants with valid measures, 3 (0.4%) were measured as being underweight, 183 (21.9%) as normal, 235 (28.2%) as overweight and 413 (49.5%) as obese. Overall, 499 (59.8%) perceived their body size to have a lower classification than that when measured. Neither cultural orientation nor deprivation was significantly related to weight misconception but recreational internet use was, with higher use associated with increased misconception.ConclusionsImproving body size awareness together with the risk of higher recreational internet use is likely to be an important component in any population‐based healthy weight intervention formulation for Pacific adolescents.
Fractional excretion of electrolytes and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin as early biomarkers of acute kidney injury in dogs with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Gori E. , Dondi F. , Lippi I. , Monari E. , Pierini A. , Marchetti V. 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesTo determine if fractional excretion of urinary electrolytes and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin could detect different degrees of kidney injury in dogs with naturally occurring acute pancreatitis.Materials and MethodsWe included dogs with acute pancreatitis. Dogs with a history of kidney disease, urinary tract infection, dogs which received potentially nephrotoxic drugs and dogs managed with haemodialysis were excluded. Acute kidney injury was diagnosed if there was an acute onset of clinical signs, haemato‐chemical results compatible with acute kidney injury. Students or staff‐owned dogs were selected to build the healthy group.ResultsThe study population was composed of 53 dogs: acute pancreatitis with AKI (n=15), acute pancreatitis alone (n=23), and healthy dogs (n=15). In dogs with acute pancreatitis and AKI, all the FEs of urine electrolytes were significantly higher than dogs with acute pancreatitis alone and healthy ones. Dogs with acute pancreatitis alone had higher uNGAL/uCr than healthy dogs (median 54 ng/mg vs. 0.1 ng/mg) and lower compared to AP‐AKI patients (54 ng/mg vs 209 ng/mg).Clinical SignificanceSome fractional excretion of electrolytes are increased acute kidney injury dogs, however their role in the early detection of renal injury in acute pancreatitis dogs remains doubtful. On the contrary, urinary neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin had higher concentrations in dogs with acute pancreatitis with or without acute kidney injury compared to healthy controls, suggesting that it may be used as an early marker of renal tubular damage in acute pancreatitis dogs.
Agglutination and hemolytic crossmatching to determine transfusion reaction differences between large and small breed goats
Authors: Kretsch Cileah M. , Alonso Flavio H. , Buktenica Maggie , Heller Meera C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundBlood transfusions are performed frequently in goats, but crossmatches are rarely performed.Hypothesis/ObjectivesDetermine differences in the frequency of agglutination and hemolytic crossmatch reactions between large and small breed goats.AnimalsHealthy adult goats, 10 large and 10 small breed.MethodsTwo hundred eighty major and minor agglutination and hemolytic crossmatches: 90 large breed donor to large breed recipient (L‐L), 90 small breed donor to small breed recipient (S‐S), 100 large breed donor to small breed recipient (L‐S). A linear mixed model with treatment group (L‐L, S‐S, L‐S) as a fixed effect and individual crossmatch as a random effect was used to identify variations in reaction frequency among groups and individuals.ResultsFrequency of major agglutination reactions for L‐L, S‐S, and L‐S were 3/90 (3.3%), 7/90 (7.8%), and 10/100 (10.0%), respectively. Frequency of major hemolytic reactions for L‐L, S‐S, and L‐S were 27/84 (32.1%), 7/72 (9.7%), and 31/71 (43.7%). Individual pairings and groupings had no effect on agglutination reactions. Individual pairings had no effect on the frequency of hemolytic reactions. For major hemolytic crossmatches, pairwise comparisons identified higher frequencies of reactions when comparing L‐L to S‐S (P = .007) and L‐S to S‐S (P < .001).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceGoats experience increased frequencies of hemolytic reactions compared to agglutination. Significant increases in hemolysis were seen between large breed donors and small breed recipients, compared to small breed pairings. Additional studies are required to determine correlations between crossmatches and transfusion reactions.
Prognosis of primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma after surgical resection in small‐breed dogs: 52 cases (2005‐2021)
Authors: Ichimata Masanao , Kagawa Yumiko , Namiki Keita , Toshima Atsushi , Nakano Yuko , Matsuyama Fukiko , Fukazawa Eri , Harada Kei , Katayama Ryuzo , Kobayashi Tetsuya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTumor size is an important prognostic factor in lung cancer in dogs, and the canine lung carcinoma stage classification (CLCSC) recently has been proposed to subdivide tumor sizes. It is unclear if the same classification scheme can be used for small‐breed dogs.ObjectivesTo investigate whether the tumor size classification of CLCS is prognostic for survival and progression outcomes in small‐breed dogs with surgically resected pulmonary adenocarcinomas (PACs).AnimalsFifty‐two client‐owned small‐breed dogs with PAC.MethodsSingle‐center retrospective cohort study conducted between 2005 and 2021. Medical records of dogs weighing <15 kg with surgically resected lung masses histologically diagnosed as PAC were examined.ResultsThe numbers of dogs with tumor size ≤3 cm, >3 cm to ≤5 cm, >5 cm to ≤7 cm, or >7 cm were 15, 18, 14, and 5, respectively. The median progression‐free interval (PFI) and overall survival time (OST) were 754 and 716 days, respectively. In univariable analysis, clinical signs, lymph node metastasis, margin, and histologic grade were associated with PFI, and age, clinical signs, margin, and lymph node metastasis were associated with OST. Tumor size classification of CLCS was associated with PFI in all categories, and tumor size >7 cm was associated with OST. In multivariable analysis, tumor size >5 cm to ≤7 cm and margin were associated with PFI, and age was associated with OST.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe tumor size classification of CLCS would be an important prognostic factor in small‐breed dogs with surgically resected PACs.
The potential of sociolinguistic impact: Lessons from the first 50 years
Authors: Wolfram Walt 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlong with its focus on foundational research, one of the enduring concerns of variationist sociolinguistics over the past half‐century has been a tradition of application and engagement. As research paradigms have developed in variation studies, so have traditions of engagement with issues of social and educational language equality. In the formative era of the field, the primary concern of engagement was one in which sociolinguists took a strong, united stance on language variation as simply ‘different’ rather than ‘deficient’. This stance has had a strong impact on language assessment in determining language normalcy in early child development and beyond. In the period of ‘proactive engagement’, sociolinguists aligned with technological development, producing sociolinguistic audiovisual materials, physical and digital museums, social media, and other venues for raising language awareness consonant with the age of digitisation. The current period of raciolinguistics examines more critical, systemic issues of colonialism and structural racism confronting the field, ranging from the significant under‐representation of minority scholars in sociolinguistics to confronting sociolinguistic inequality in institutions of higher learning where most sociolinguists reside. The essay further addresses the devaluation of engagement in the academic meritocracy, despite recent attempts to legitimise engaged research, arguing that engagement provides social meaning and personal gratification for the professional sociolinguist.