bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi Guru dalam Pembelajaran Kurikulum Al-Islam Kemuhammadiyahan dan Bahasa Arab (ISMUBA) di Sekolah
Authors: Riska Riska , Widodo Henro 
Published: September 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat dan mengetahui evaluasi guru terhadap pembelajaran kurikulum Al-Islam Kemuhammadiyahan dan Bahasa Arab (ISMUBA) di Sekolah Amal Usaha Muhammadiyah SD Muhammadiyah 1 Palopo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian jenis kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Informan dipilih menggunakan snowball sampling. Sedangkan Subjek pada penelitian ini berjumlah 4 informan sebagai guru ISMUBA. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Wawancara yang digunakan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan menggunakan wawancara tidak terstruktur agar memperoleh kedalam informasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dimulai dengan reduksi, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil (1) penerapan kurikulum ISMUBA sudah berjalan dengan baik juga memudahkan proses pembuatan perangkat pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru-guru Al-Islam Kemuhammadiyahan dan Bahasa Arab, (2) pelaksanaan kurikulum ISMUBA adanya keterbatasan waktu belum maksimal dalam setiap mata pelajaran yang diajarkan kepada siswa, serta kurangnya pelatihan guru (pembekalan) dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum sehingga guru membutuhkan pelatihan lebih banyak terutama pemahaman dan metode pembelajaran ISMUBA, (3) kurangnya alat prasarana dan praga di di beberapa mata pelajaran sehingga kurang maksimal dalam memberikan praktek ataupun pengaplikasin nilai-nilai ISMUBA, (4) perlunya pelatihan lanjutan atau workshop kurikulum ISMUBA baik yang berkelanjutan ataupun terstruktur agar lebih mudah memahami dan mempraktekkan kepada siswa terkait kurikulum Al-Islam Kemuhammadiyahan dan Bahasa Arab.
Phytohormone synthesis for PDH activation and phytochemical screening for the treatment of endometriosis
Authors: Rishikesan Shanmugapriya , Parthiban BrindhaDevi 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: Endometriosis is a challenging gynecological disorder that causes pelvic pain and infertility attributed to the prevalence of ectopic endometrial tissue outside the uterine tract. Endometrial tissue can travel to other areas of the body for inexplicable reasons. There are, nevertheless, certain patterns. Endometriosis could be treated in several ways, based on characteristics such as age, fertility, symptom severity, and disease degree. All endometriosis medications are available as contraceptives, restricting their use to pregnant mothers or intending to get children. By comparing human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) derived from the pelvic peritoneum of women with endometriosis to HPMCs from women without endometriosis, the researchers found that HPMCs from women with endometriosis had reduced glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration, and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and improved lactate production. There is no treatment for endometriosis, even though various medications and management alternatives are available. The present study was carried out to find novel medications to treat endometriosis from medicinal plants which appear to be a promising endeavor.

Methods and Materials: Phytohormone and phytochemical screening were performed to study the medication options that could possibly treat endometriosis. Phytochemicals were determined using GC-MS.

Results: The phytohormone activity and phytochemical components of Mentha piperita, Curcuma longa, and Andrographis paniculata were identified using GC MS and FT-IR analysis. This initial data from the analytical methods will make it easier to perform follow-up research on finding bioactive ingredients, determining their efficacy through in vivo tests, and proving their safety and efficacy through clinical trials to treat endometriosis.

Conclusion: Gibberellin, a phytohormone obtained from natural sources, is supposed to improve PDH activity and hence inhibit PDK. The demand for more modern medicines to increase survival in such cases remains unmet. As a result, there is an increasing interest in using herbal therapy to treat endometriosis.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding breast cancer among the women in rural Karnataka, South India
Authors: Mainaz  , Guthigar Mohammed , R. Naik Poonam 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: Breast cancer is one of the major causes of mortality next to cervical cancer among women in India. Annually 2,00,000 new cases of breast cancer are detected in India. Comparatively 60% of them are detected in an early stage. The present study was undertaken to explore the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding breast cancer among women.

Materials and Methods: Three hundred and sixty women were selected through cluster sampling for the study. A pre-designed, pre-tested, and validated questionnaire comprising mixed types of structured and semi-structured questions was used to collect the information from women through one-to-one interviews.

Results: The majority of the selected women were between 36- 55 (64.4%) years of age and the majority (64.7%) of them were employed of whom 39.7% of them were beedi rollers. Regarding knowledge of the symptoms of breast cancer, 60.6% did not know about the symptoms, and 68.3% did not know the detection methods. Most (85.3%) of the women were unaware of the practice of Breast Self- Examination.

Conclusion: The results of the current study indicate a low level of knowledge of breast cancer. The study findings suggest that the awareness programs on breast cancer and its detection methods may help women to improve their level of understanding, be more responsive towards the early identification of the symptoms of breast cancer and seek timely medical help.
Correlation of hepatic transaminases with cortisol levels in type 2 diabetes
Authors: S. S. Sujina , Chandran Vinod , Manjrekar Poornima , Marathe Aradhana , Pawar Neelam 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: Aminotransferases are the markers of liver function and cortisol is the hyperglycemic stress hormone, both have been associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis is known to control many functions of the liver. This study was aimed to evaluate the correlation of cortisol with hepatic transaminases; AST and ALT also with fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c in type 2 diabetic patients. Also, the AST, ALT and cortisol levels of participants were compared based on their diabetic duration and gender.

Materials and Methods: This prospective study included patients with type 2 diabetes (n=89) with a mean diabetic duration of 7.66± 6.871 years, of which 66.3% were males and 33.7% were females. Data for the above parameters except cortisol were collected from the data management system of the central lab. Morning serum cortisol levels were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient and independent student’s t-test were applied to find correlation and comparison of AST, ALT and cortisol levels of participants based on their diabetic duration and gender respectively.

Results: The comparison based on diabetic duration shows significant differences (p<0.005) with AST while, not with ALT and cortisol. Also, they did not show a significant difference in either of the gender. Among hepatic transaminases, the probability of association of ALT with FBS levels and HbA1c levels was significant (p<0.05). However, though a positive trend is seen in the AST association, there is no strong correlation observed. Likewise, the association of serum cortisol levels, with AST, ALT and HbA1c was not significant but the probability of association was significant with FBS levels.

Conclusion: Findings from the present study suggest that liver transaminases are positively correlated with serum cortisol levels in type 2 diabetic patients.
Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of traditional plants for the inhibition of DNA gyrase
Authors: K. Rajakumari , Parthiban Brindha Devi , Rishikesan Shanmugapriya 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: DNA gyrase is a class of Type II Topoisomerases that plays an important role in bacterial viability. It is found in all bacteria and is involved in replication, repair, recombination, and DNA transcription. Negative supercoiling of bacterial DNA by DNA gyr B is essential in replication which further influences all the metabolic activities. Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) is one of the pathogens that can modify its genome easily under multidrug resistance. In this study, the activity of medicinal compounds to inhibit DNA gyrB is explored. Plant species Solanum nigrum, Vitex negundo, and Euphorbia hirta were studied for the potential plant-based molecules. The compounds alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, and terpenoids were considered to have high-potential targets. The study focuses on DNA gyrase as a target and shows insights into future drug development. The research focuses on the discovery of novel plant-based therapeutic compounds to target DNA gyrase B activity.

Methods and Materials: Phytochemical screening was performed to study the medication options that could inhibit DNA gyrB. Phytochemicals were determined using GC-MS.

Results: Utilizing GC MS and FT-IR analysis, the phytochemical constituents of Solanum nigrum, Vitex negundo, and Euphorbia hirta were discovered. It will be simpler to do a follow-up study on discovering bioactive compounds and evaluating their effectiveness in inhibiting DNA gyrB with the help of this preliminary data from the analytical procedures.

Conclusion: There are countless applications for the phytochemicals that medicinal plants produce. Staphylococcus aureus will be stopped by DNA gyrB inhibition. The study employs DNA gyrase as its target and provides information on potential therapeutic targets. The goal of the study is to identify innovative plant-based medicinal molecules that specifically target DNA gyrase B activity.
A two-year study on fine needle aspiration cytology of salivary gland lesions with cytohistologic correlation and application of the Milan system
Authors: S. Bhat Archana , Alisha Mathew 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: Fine needle aspiration cytology is a well-established and minimally invasive technique in the diagnosis and management of lesions of salivary gland. Literature shows a sensitivity of salivary gland cytopathology varying from 57% to 100% and a specificity varying from 90% to 100%. The Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology was put forth with the idea of bringing out uniformity in reporting. Our study objectives were to classify all the lesions of salivary glands using the Milan system and to calculate the risk of malignancy for each Milan category with histology as the gold standard.

Methods and Materials: This was a two-year observational, retrospective study wherein the cases were categorised using the Milan system on cytology. Cytohistologic correlation was done wherever histopathologic follow-up was available and the risk of malignancy for each category was calculated with histology as gold standard.

Results: During the study period, 87 FNACs of salivary gland lesions were done. Of these, 54 cases had histopathologic follow-up. The category wise distribution of cases was as follows: 20.7%, 13.8%, 2.3%, 43.7%, 9.2%, 3.4%, and 6.9% for Milan category 1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b, 5, and 6 respectively, and the risk of malignancy was 20%, 0, 0, 3.8%, 87%, 100%, and 100% respectively.

Conclusion: The Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology is of great value in categorising lesions of salivary gland. This system helps cytopathologists and clinicians in better patient management as it guides in risk stratification and provides an idea of risk of malignancy.
Comparison of quality results between semi-autoanalyzer and autoanalyzer: A retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care center (Rural India)
Authors: G. Chandana , Fal Desai Nitin , Masood Ahmed Shareef Md 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: In India, the primary health centres, urban health centres and privatized small-scale laboratories use basic laboratory services like point of care testing (POCT) and quantitative results obtained from semi-auto analysers for diagnosis and treatment. Our objectives were to analyse biochemical parameters in the autoanalyzer and the semi-autoanalyzer and to compare the test performance of analysed biochemical parameters in the semi-autoanalyzer and autoanalyzer.

Materials and Methods: One hundred samples (10 patient samples and 90 internal quality control values), tested for 15 biochemical parameters were retrospectively studied. They were processed with the same reagent, methodology and environmental conditions in autoanalyzer Mindray BS 390 and semi-autoanalyzer KLS BA 200. Statistical analysis was carried out using independent student t test, Pearson correlation, Bias percent and Bland-Altman plot analysis

Results: Our study showed strong positive correlation for the 15 biochemical parameters between semi-autoanalyzer and autoanalyzer except for calcium, which showed moderate positive correlation (r=0.879). Bias % were all in acceptable limits except for SGOT and Albumin. Bland Altman analysis for ALP and Triglycerides also showed high variability between the two measurements with a mean difference of -6.23 and 4.48 respectively.

Conclusion: The test performance of biochemical parameters measured in the semi-auto analyser and fully automatic analyser were highly related and comparable, with a significant positive correlation. Semi-auto analysers could be an efficient alternative in peripheral setups to provide quality laboratory services. During the breakdown of any autoanalyzer, the semi-autoanalyzer acts as backup for analysing routine chemistry tests in some laboratories.
The antagonistic effect of Anabaena circinalis on some dermatophytes
Authors: H. A. Al-Khafaji Zainulabdeen 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: Anabaena circinalis, a photosynthetic cyanobacterium belonging to the Gram-negative group, is widely distributed in freshwater ecosystems across the world. The scientific focus on A. circinalis primarily stems from its ability to produce numerous cyanotoxins, which have the potential to be hazardous. The objective of this study was to assess the antifungal efficacy of A. circinalis against the dermatophytes Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, with the aim of discovering a new antifungal agent.

Methodology: The identification of Anabaena circinalis in this study was conducted through the observation of its morphological characteristics. Molecular identification and confirmation of the algae was done using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, employing a specific set of primers targeting the PCbetaand PCalpha genes. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed in identifying A. circinalis antifungal compounds. The ability of 70% ethanolic and methanolic extracts produced from A. circinalis to inhibit the dermatophyte fungi Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes was tested by in vitro tests.

Results: The findings indicate that the hot ethanolic extract of Anabaena circinalis exhibited a significant inhibitory effect (100% inhibition) on the growth of dermatophyte fungi tested. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry studies identified several antifungal compounds in A. circinalis extracts, which included Hexadecen-1-ol, Phthalic acid, Octadecenoic acid, Octadecynoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, Pentadecadien, Tetradecenal, and Octadecadien-1-ol.

Conclusion: Overall finding suggests hot ethanolic or methanolic extracts of Anabaena circinalis contain phyto components, which could be used as an antifungal agent in treating dermatophyte fungi-related infections.
Qualitative and in silico evaluation of phytochemical constituents of leaf, peel and bark extracts of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)
Authors: B. Sridara Setty Poojitha , L.S. Hallur Raghavendra , S.M. Gopinath 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: The qualitative evaluation of phytochemicals is the most important consideration in the evaluation of phytochemicals as biomedicines. The present study deals with qualitative assessment of phytochemical components of leaf, peel and bark extract of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.).

Materials and Methods: The phytochemical components were biochemically qualitatively assessed and their profiles analyzed using TLC and HPLC techniques. Solvent extracts were prepared in methanol, chloroform, hexane, and water. The methanol leaf fraction was further subjected to LC-MS, FTIR and NMR. The identified compound in silico analyzed for inhibition towards topoisomerase I (1A36) and topoisomerase II (5GWK).
Results: Methanol recovered the highest amount of phytoconstituents, specifically 2.30 g (11.5%), 2.80 g (14%) and 3.20 g (16%) for leaves, peel and bark. The methanol extract of the leaf (LE), peel (PE) and bark (BE) showed two bands in the TLC profile. On HPLC analysis LE confirmed a purity of 82.49 % with an area of 24729443 24729443 and an RT of 2.129. The PE showed a purity of 98.93% with an area of 16074171 and an RT of 2.176. The BE confirmed 99.63% purity with a range of 35396516 and an RT of 2.168.
LC-MS, FTIR and NMR analysis identified the compound as Ethyl Heneicosanoate (EHO). In in silico analysis, EHO showed good binding affinity to topoisomerase I (1A36) and topoisomerase II (5GWK) with binding energies of -6.8 kcal/mol and -6.4 kcal/mol, respectively.

Conclusion: Our study suggested that EHO may have anticancer potential and could be further explored as an anticancer drug.
Levels of leptin, irisin, oxytocin and insulin in obese and normal weight Iraqi young men
Authors: Subhi Hammoud Alaa , I. Salman Maryam 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: Obesity is a serious, life-threatening health condition that is prevalent in Iraq and the world as a whole. Since Leptin, irisin, oxytocin and insulin are proposed to play main roles in energy expenditure, glucose homeostasis, regulating body weight, reducing obesity and improving life expectancy so the aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of these anti-obesity hormones plus insulin resistance

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 100 obese young men with a mean age of 29.95 years and fifty normal weight young men with a mean age of 28.44.

Results: In obese men, the mean leptin concentration was 24.08±9.91 ng/ml which was significantly higher than in normal weight men 5.48 ng/ml. Serum irisin levels in obese men and normal weight were 8.9 ng/ml, 2.4 ng/ml respectively, and it was significantly higher in obese group in comparison to the normal weight group. The mean serum oxytocin concentration was significantly lower in obese group 6.41pg/ml in comparison to normal weight 29.55 pg/ml. Serum insulin levels in obese and normal weight were 19.55±5.56 and 3.64 micro lU/ml respectively and it was significantly higher in obese men. The mean fasting blood glucose concentration in obese men was 98.67mg/dl and it was significantly higher than in normal weight 84±9.85 mg/ml. Insulin resistance (HOMA IR) was significantly higher in obese men 6.6 than in normal weight 0.68.

Conclusion: Serum levels of leptin, irisin, insulin, and insulin resistance are higher in obese young men, while oxytocin levels were noticeably low. Our study also shows that obesity increases the likelihood of insulin resistance.
Association between SNP rs4986790 and COVID-19 infection severity among Baghdad patients
Authors: Fadil Jabber Marwa , Mohammed Khudhair Anfal 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, is distinguished by the manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are signaling molecules that play crucial roles in the innate immune system through their recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns in diverse microorganisms, including coronaviruses. The primary aim of this research was to investigate the plausible association between the TLR4 gene Asp299Gly polymorphism and the degree of infection severity among individuals who contracted COVID-19 in Baghdad, Iraq.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional prospective study was carried out in Baghdad to investigate the Asp299Gly polymorphism within the TLR4 gene in a cohort of 90 patients diagnosed with Covid-19. Out of the total number of patients, 45 individuals exhibited symptoms indicative of a moderate infection, while the remaining 45 patients presented with a severe illness. The Asp299Gly polymorphism was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).

Results: Genotyping for the Asp299Gly polymorphism showed only one among the 90 (1.1%) Covid-19 patients tested to be positive. No significant association was seen between covid-19 severity and Asp299Gly (P = 0·31) polymorphism.

Conclusion: Our study found no association between SNP rs4986790 of TLR4 gene and COVID-19 severity among Covid-19 patients in Baghdad city.
The impact of serum and follicular fluid secreted frizzled-related protein-5 on ICSI outcome in Iraqi infertile women with different body mass index
Authors: Abdul Hussein Mohsin Hameedah , A. L. Mossa Hayder , Ali Jawad Mufeeda 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Aim: Adipose tissue adipokines and cytokines impede oocyte maturation and endometrial epithelial receptivity. Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (Sfrp5), a novel antagonist adipokine secreted by adipocytes, may have anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing actions, but data is conflicting. This study examined serum and follicular fluid Sfrp5 levels in Iraqi infertile women with varying BMIs undergoing IVF/ICSI, as well as ICSI outcomes.

Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study comprised 90 infertile females aged 18–45 who underwent IVF/ICSI at the High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies Centre in Baghdad, Iraq. Participants received antagonist ovarian hyperstimulation. All individuals' blood fasting sugar, serum fasting insulin, serum, and follicular fluid SFRP5 were tested on oocyte retrieval day. HOMA-IR was computed. Oocyte maturity and embryo morphology were categorized. Serum B-hCG was measured 14 days after embryo transfer.

Results: A notable disparity was observed in the levels of serum and follicular Sfrp5, total oocyte count, mean metaphase II (MII), grade I, and pregnancy rate (p<0.05) among the participants categorized as normal weight, overweight, and obese. A notable disparity was observed in the average germinal vesicles (GV), grade III (GIII) embryos, and HOMA-IR (p < 0.05) among patients with varying body mass index (BMI) values. The study found a positive correlation between the levels of Sfrp5 in both serum and follicular fluid and the total count of oocytes, MII oocytes, grade I embryos, and pregnancy rate. However, there was a negative correlation between Sfrp5 levels and HOMA-IR, with statistical significance at p<0.05.

Conclusion: Increased BMI is associated with lower serum and follicular fluid Sfrp5, reduced total oocyte count, reduced metaphase II oocyte count, more germinal vesicle oocytes, reduced embryo quality and lower pregnancy rate. Serum and follicular fluid Sfrp5 levels are negatively correlated with HOMA-IR but positively associated with ICSI outcome.