bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal pain processing in the primary somatosensory cortex and anterior cingulate cortex
Authors: Sun Guanghao , McCartin Michael , Liu Weizhuo , Zhang Qiaosheng , Kenefati George , Chen Zhe Sage , Wang Jing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPain is known to have sensory and affective components. The sensory pain component is encoded by neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1), whereas the emotional or affective pain experience is in large part processed by neural activities in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The timing of how a mechanical or thermal noxious stimulus triggers activation of peripheral pain fibers is well-known. However, the temporal processing of nociceptive inputs in the cortex remains little studied. Here, we took two approaches to examine how nociceptive inputs are processed by the S1 and ACC. We simultaneously recorded local field potentials in both regions, during the application of a brain-computer interface (BCI). First, we compared event related potentials in the S1 and ACC. Next, we used an algorithmic pain decoder enabled by machine-learning to detect the onset of pain which was used during the implementation of the BCI to automatically treat pain. We found that whereas mechanical pain triggered neural activity changes first in the S1, the S1 and ACC processed thermal pain with a reasonably similar time course. These results indicate that the temporal processing of nociceptive information in different regions of the cortex is likely important for the overall pain experience.
The development of a cSMART-based integrated model for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis
Authors: Wu Tong , Fan Rong , Bai Jian , Yang Zhao , Qian Yun-Song , Du Lu-Tao , Wang Chun-Ying , Wang Ying-Chao , Jiang Guo-Qing , Zheng Dan , Fan Xiao-Tang , Zheng Bo , Liu Jing-Feng , Deng Guo-Hong , Shen Feng , Hu He-Ping , Ye Yi-Nong , Zhang Qing-Zheng , Zhang Jing , Gao Yan-Hang , Xia Jie , Yan Hua-Dong , Liang Min-Feng , Yu Yan-Long , Sun Fu-Ming , Gao Yu-Jing , Sun Jian , Zhong Chun-Xiu , Wang Yin , Wang Hui , Kong Fei , Chen Jin-Ming , Wen Hao , Wu Bo-Ming , Wang Chuan-Xin , Wu Lin , Hou Jin-Lin , Liu Xiao-Long , Wang Hong-Yang , Chen Lei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) generally arises from a background of liver cirrhosis (LC). Patients with cirrhosis and suspected HCC are recommended to undergo serum biomarker tests and imaging diagnostic evaluation. However, the performance of routine diagnostic methods in detecting early HCC remains unpromising.

Methods
Here, we conducted a large-scale, multicenter study of 1675 participants including 490 healthy controls, 577 LC patients, and 608 HCC patients from nine clinical centers across nine provinces of China, profiled gene mutation signatures of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) using Circulating Single-Molecule Amplification and Resequencing Technology (cSMART) through detecting 931 mutation sites across 21 genes.

Results
An integrated diagnostic model called “Combined method” was developed by combining three mutation sites and three serum biomarkers. Combined method outperformed AFP in the diagnosis of HCC, especially early HCC, with sensitivities of 81.25% for all stages and 66.67% for early HCC, respectively. Importantly, the integrated model exhibited high accuracy in differentiating AFP-negative, AFP-L3-negative, and PIVKA-II-negative HCCs from LCs.
Patterns of toxicity burden for FDA-approved immune checkpoint inhibitors in the United States
Authors: Yang Fan , Shay Chloe , Abousaud Marin , Tang Chris , Li Yamin , Qin Zhaohui , Saba Nabil F. , Teng Yong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are a common phenomenon in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Surprisingly, the toxicity burdens of these irAEs have not been illustrated clearly. In this study, we analyzed irAEs for seven FDA-approved ICIs in cancer treatment to show the pattern of toxicity burden among cancer patients.

Methods
irAEs associated with seven FDA-approved ICIs, including three PD-1 inhibitors (cemiplimab, nivolumab and pembrolizumab), three PD-L1 inhibitors (atezolizumab, avelumab and durvalumab), and one CTLA-4 inhibitor (ipilimumab), were analyzed based on data from 149,303 reported cases (from January 1, 2015 to June 30, 2022) collected from the FDA Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) public dashboard. Proportions of serious irAEs and correlations with tumor type, age and sex were assessed via R package and GraphPad software.

Results
irAEs related to anti-PD-1 ICIs required less hospital care resources compared with anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 ICIs. Patients treated with pembrolizumab had relatively fewer serious cases. Treatment with ICIs led to the highest probability of serious irAEs in patients with lung cancer. ‘Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders’ and ‘gastrointestinal disorders’ were the two most common groups of disorders caused by the seven ICIs studied. ‘Cardiac disorders’ was the main type of disorders caused by these ICIs in cancer patients aged 65–85, while ‘reproductive system and breast disease’ was the main type of disorder in cancer patients aged 18–64. ‘Respiratory, thoracic, mediastinal diseases’ and ‘reproductive system and breast diseases’ were the main types of disorders associated with treatment with these ICIs in male and female patients, respectively.

Conclusion
Tissue and organ toxicities of ICIs are age and sex specific. There are risks of respiratory and urinary system toxicity in male patients and reproductive system toxicity in female patients treated with the ICIs studied. Future studies on the toxicity burden of ICIs should incorporate age and sex differences to better understand the relevance of ICI toxicity burden to human immune function to develop appropriate tumor immune and therapeutic intervention strategies.
First record of Trypanosoma evansi DNA in Dichelacera alcicornis and Dichelacera januarii (Diptera: Tabanidae) flies in South America
Authors: Ramos Carlos José Raupp , de Souza Franco Cintia , da Luz Sabrina Pogere , Marques Júlia , de Souza Ketriane Mota , do Nascimento Luiz Flávio Nepomuceno , das Neves Gabriella Bassi , Moreira Renato Simões , Miletti Luiz Claudio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Trypanosoma evansi infects a large number of wild and domestic animals and causes a spoliative disease known as surra. It is mechanically transmitted, mainly by biting flies of the genera Tabanus and Stomoxys. The detection of T. evansi DNA in the feeding apparatus of Dichelacera alcicornis and Dichelacera januarii from South America is reported, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time.

Methods
Tabanids were collected weekly from February 2018 to February 2019 from two sites. The feeding apparatus was removed and DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction and sequencing were performed.

Results
A 205-base pair fragment of the variant surface protein RoTat 1.2 gene, confirmed by DNA sequencing, was amplified from the feeding apparatus of D. alcicornis and D. januarii.

Conclusions
This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first record of T. evansi DNA in South American tabanids.

Graphical abstract
Phylogenetic evidence for a clade of tick-associated trypanosomes
Authors: Koual Rachid , Buysse Marie , Grillet Justine , Binetruy Florian , Ouass Sofian , Sprong Hein , Duhayon Maxime , Boulanger Nathalie , Jourdain Frédéric , Alafaci Aurélien , Verdon Julien , Verheyden Hélène , Rispe Claude , Plantard Olivier , Duron Olivier 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Trypanosomes are protozoan parasites of vertebrates that are of medical and veterinary concern. A variety of blood-feeding invertebrates have been identified as vectors, but the role of ticks in trypanosome transmission remains unclear.

Methods
In this study, we undertook extensive molecular screening for the presence and genetic diversity of trypanosomes in field ticks.

Results
Examination of 1089 specimens belonging to 28 tick species from Europe and South America led to the identification of two new trypanosome strains. The prevalence may be as high as 4% in tick species such as the castor bean tick Ixodes ricinus, but we found no evidence of transovarial transmission. Further phylogenetic analyses based on 18S rRNA, EF1-α, hsp60 and hsp85 gene sequences revealed that different tick species, originating from different continents, often harbour phylogenetically related trypanosome strains and species. Most tick-associated trypanosomes cluster in a monophyletic clade, the Trypanosoma pestanai clade, distinct from clades of trypanosomes associated with transmission by other blood-feeding invertebrates.

Conclusions
These observations suggest that ticks may be specific arthropod hosts for trypanosomes of the T. pestanai clade. Phylogenetic analyses provide further evidence that ticks may transmit these trypanosomes to a diversity of mammal species (including placental and marsupial species) on most continents.

Graphical Abstract
Does higher knee hyperextension in patients with hemiplegia affect lateral and medial meniscus volume in the paretic leg? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Wenshan , Li Tiancong , Xi Xiaoshuang , Zhang Rong , Sun Weishuang , Zhang Dan , Gong Weijun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
After stroke, an abnormal gait pattern gradually leads to knee pain and joint lesions, resulting the gait instability. However, the correlation between the knee hyperextension and gait pattern, the meniscus volume, and the water content of meniscus in paretic and non-paretic legs has not been fully investigated. Moreover, most of physicians tend to ignore this knee hyperextension. This study attempted to emphasize the importance of knee hyperextension using gait analysis and Magnetic resonance imaging (Trial registration number ChiCTR2000039641, date of registration 04/11/2020).

Methods
Eight patients with chronic hemiplegic (6 male, 2 female) volunteered to participate in this study. Participants was recruited if they had a hemiplegia following a stroke occurring more than 6 months, had an ability to walk 10 m without aids, had a Function Ambulation Category level at least 3 and above, and had a hemiplegic lower extremity identified as Brunnstrom state III or above identification. The spatial–temporal gait parameters and kinematic parameters in the paretic and the non-paretic legs and the percentage of free water content in deep and shallow layers.

Results
Longer time since hemiplegia led to larger angles of knee hyperextension (R = 0.56, p = 0.016), larger angles of knee hyperextension led to more tears in meniscus (R =  − 0.53, − 0,57 and − 0.70), and larger angles of knee hyperextension decreased water content of the lateral meniscus in the non-paretic leg (R =  − 0.91) but increased water content of the medial meniscus (R = 0.53 and 0.63).

Conclusions
The knee hyperextension could not be ignored by physicians and needed to be diagnosed and treated as early as possible, the time since hemiplegia could be an indicator of sign of knee hyperextension.
Altered metabolic connectivity within the limbic cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit in presymptomatic and symptomatic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Liu Li , Chu Min , Nie Binbin , Jiang Deming , Xie Kexin , Cui Yue , Liu Lin , Kong Yu , Chen Zhongyun , Nan Haitian , Rosa-Neto Pedro , Wu Liyong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is predominantly considered a dysfunction in cortico-cortical transmission, with limited direct investigation of cortical-subcortical transmission. Thus, we aimed to characterize the metabolic connectivity between areas of the limbic cortico-striato-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuit in presymptomatic and symptomatic bvFTD patients.

Methods
Thirty-three bvFTD patients and 33 unrelated healthy controls were recruited for this study. Additionally, six asymptomatic carriers of the MAPT P301L mutation were compared with 12 non-carriers who were all from the same family of bvFTD. Each participant underwent neuropsychological assessment, genetic testing, and a hybrid PET/MRI scan. Seed-based metabolic connectivity based on [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET between the main components within the limbic CSTC circuit was explored according to the Oxford-GSK-Imanova Striatal Connectivity Atlas.

Results
BvFTD patients exhibited reduced metabolic connectivity between the relays in the limbic CSTC circuit, which included the frontal region (ventromedial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, rectus gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex), the limbic striatum, and thalamus compared to controls. In the bvFTD patients, the involvement of the limbic CSTC circuit was associated with the severity of behavior disruption, as measured by the frontal behavior inventory, the disinhibition subscale, and the apathy subscale. Notably, asymptomatic MAPT carriers had weakened frontostriatal connectivity but enhanced striatothalamus and thalamofrontal connectivity within the limbic CSTC circuit compared with noncarriers.

Conclusion
These findings suggested that aberrant metabolic connectivity within the limbic CSTC circuit is present in symptomatic and even asymptomatic stages of bvFTD. Thus, metabolic connectivity patterns could be used as a potential biomarker to detect the presymptomatic stage and track disease progression.
Stability and biosafety of human epidermal stem cell for wound repair: preclinical evaluation
Authors: Zhao Xiaohong , Li Xue , Wang Ying , Guo Yicheng , Huang Yong , Lv Dalun , Lei Mingxing , Yu Shicang , Luo Gaoxing , Zhan Rixing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cell therapy is a key technology to prevent sacrificing normal skin. Although some studies have shown the promise of human epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs), the efficacy, biosafety and quality control of EpiSC therapy have not been systematically reported.

Methods
The biosafety, stemness maintenance and wound repair of EpiSC were systematically verified by in vitro and in vivo experiments. EpiSC were prepared from the foreskin using a collagen type IV rapid adherence method. The EpiSCs were identified by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining and cell morphology. The well-growing passage 1 (P1) EpiSCs were used to determine the proliferation curve (counting method). EpiSC clone formation assay was performed by Giemsa staining. Nude mice were used to prepare a full-thickness skin defect wound model to detect the repair effect of EpiSCs. The biosafety of EpiSCs was double tested in vitro and in vivo.

Results
The results showed that the expression of specific markers and clone formation efficiency was stable when passage 1 (P1) to P8 cells were cultured, and the stemness rate of P8 cells was close to 85.1%. EpiSCs were expanded in vitro for 25 days, the number of cells reached 2.5 × 108, and the transplantable area was approximately 75% of the total body surface area (TBSA). At 45 days, the total number of cells was approximately 30 billion, and the transplantable area was approximately the size of a volleyball court. A nude mouse wound model indicated that EpiSCs could rapidly close a wound. On postinjury day 7, the wound epithelialization rate in the cell transplantation group was significantly higher than that in the NaCl group (P < 0.05). In vitro, cell senescence increased, and telomerase activity decreased in P1 to P8 EpiSCs. In vivo, there were no solid tumors or metastatic tumors after EpiSC (P8) transplantation. In addition, the quality control of cultured cells met the clinical application criteria for cell therapy.

Conclusion
This preclinical study showed the stability and biosafety of human EpiSC therapy for wound repair.

Graphical Abstract
An analysis of stand-level size distributions of decay-affected Norway spruce trees based on harvester data
Authors: Räty Janne , Hietala Ari M. , Breidenbach Johannes , Astrup Rasmus 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Key message
We studied size distributions of decay-affected Norway spruce trees using cut-to-length harvester data. The harvester data comprised tree-level decay and decay severity recordings from 101 final felling stands, which enabled to analyze relationships between size distributions of all and decay-affected trees. Distribution matching technique was used to transfer the size distribution of all trees into the diameter at breast height (DBH) distribution of decay-affected trees.

Context
Stem decay of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) results in large economic losses in timber production in the northern hemisphere. Forest management planning typically requires information on tree size distributions. However, size distributions of decay-affected trees generally remain unknown impeding decision-making in forest management planning.

Aims
Our aim was to analyze and model relationships between size distributions of all and decay-affected Norway spruce trees at the level of forest stands.

Methods
Cut-to-length harvester data of 93,456 trees were collected from 101 final felling stands in Norway. For each Norway spruce tree (94% of trees), the presence and severity of stem decay (incipient and advanced) were recorded. The stand-level size distributions (diameter at breast height, DBH; height, H) of all and decay-affected trees were described using the Weibull distribution. We proposed distribution matching (DM) models that transform either the DBH or H distribution of all trees into DBH distributions of decay-affected trees. We compared the predictive performance of DMs with a null-model that refers to a global Weibull distribution estimated based on DBHs of all harvested decay-affected trees.

Results
The harvester data showed that an average-sized decay-affected tree is larger and taller compared with an average-sized tree in a forest stand, while trees with advanced decay were generally shorter and thinner compared with trees having incipient decay. DBH distributions of decay-affected trees can be matched with smaller error index (EI) values using DBH (EI = 0.14) than H distributions (EI = 0.31). DM clearly outperformed the null model that resulted in an EI of 0.32.

Conclusions
The harvester data analysis showed a relationship between size distributions of all and decay-affected trees that can be explained by the spread biology of decay fungi and modeled using the DM technique.
Intermediate data fault-tolerant method of cloud computing accounting service platform supporting cost-benefit analysis
Authors: Jin Taolan , Zhang Bo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study mainly aims at the intermediate data fault-tolerant method of cloud computing accounting service platform supporting cost-benefit analysis, which aims at providing cost-benefit analysis function for the platform and strengthening the fault-tolerant ability of the intermediate data of the platform. The invention discloses a method for constructing an enterprise cloud computing accounting service platform. Collect the internal and external accounting service system data of an enterprise by using an accounting service platform network environment provided by a cloud service provider. Transmit the data to a data processing and storage layer data warehouse for storage after data cleaning, extraction and processing. Then, call the collected data through the data processing and storage layer to analyze the transaction cost-benefit of the enterprise. The intermediate data fault-tolerant model is constructed. After being solved by the ant colony algorithm, the intermediate data generated in the process of cost-benefit analysis and other accounting services are fault-tolerant processed. Finally, the platform accounting service results are output to the interactive interface through the data output display layer. The highest data availability probability of the method proposed in this study is 0. 98, which indicates that the method has high data availability after fault-tolerant processing, and can effectively realize the interaction with users. The experimental analysis shows that the method proposed in this study can effectively analyze the transaction costs and benefits of enterprises. The probability of data availability after fault-tolerant processing is higher, and a load of reading and writing is lower.
Healthcare-associated infections in Dutch hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Verberk Janneke D. M. , van der Kooi Tjallie I. I. , Kampstra Nynke A. , Reimes Naomi , van Rooden Stephanie M. , Hopmans Titia E. M. , Geerlings Suzanne E. , de Greeff Sabine C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic hospitals reorganized their resources and delivery of care, which may have affected the number of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). We aimed to quantify changes in trends in the number of HAIs in Dutch hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
National surveillance data from 2016 to 2020 on the prevalence of HAIs measured by point prevalence surveys, and the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) and catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) were used to compare rates between the pre-pandemic (2016–February 2020) and pandemic (March 2020–December 2020) period.

Results
The total HAI prevalence among hospitalised patients was higher during the pandemic period (7.4%) compared to pre-pandemic period (6.4%), mainly because of an increase in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), gastro-intestinal infections (GIs) and central nervous system (CNS) infections. No differences in SSI rates were observed during the pandemic, except for a decrease after colorectal surgeries (6.3% (95%-CI 6.0–6.6%) pre-pandemic versus 4.4% (95%-CI 3.9–5.0%) pandemic). The observed CRBSI incidence in the pandemic period (4.0/1,000 CVC days (95%-CI 3.2–4.9)) was significantly higher than predicted based on pre-pandemic trends (1.4/1000 (95%-CI 1.0–2.1)), and was increased in both COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 patients at the intensive care unit (ICU).

Conclusions
Rates of CRBSIs, VAPs, GIs and CNS infections among hospitalised patients increased during the first year of the pandemic. Higher CRBSI rates were observed in both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ICU population. The full scope and influencing factors of the pandemic on HAIs needs to be studied in further detail.