bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of stellar companions from high-contrast long-slit spectroscopy data
Authors: Thé Samuel , Thiébaut Éric , Denis Loïc , Wanner Thibault , Thiébaut Rémi , Langlois Maud , Soulez Ferréol 
Published: August 2023

Aims.High-contrast long-slit spectrographs can be used to characterize exoplanets. The resulting spectroscopic data are, however, corrupted by stellar leakages that largely dominate other signals and make the process of extracting the companion spectrum very challenging. This paper presents a complete method to calibrate the spectrograph and extract the signal of interest.Methods.The proposed method is based on a flexible direct model of the high-contrast long-slit spectroscopic data. This model explicitly accounts for the instrumental response and for the contributions of both the star and the companion. The contributions of these two components and the calibration parameters are jointly estimated by solving a regularized inverse problem. As this problem has no closed-form solution, we propose an alternating minimization strategy to effectively find the solution.Results.We tested our method on empirical long-slit spectroscopic data and by injecting synthetic companion signals in these data. The proposed initialization and the alternating strategy effectively avoid the self-subtraction bias, even for companions observed very close to the coronagraphic mask. Careful modeling and calibration of the angular and spectral dispersion laws of the instrument clearly reduce the contamination by the stellar leakages. In practice, the outputs of the method are mostly driven by a single hyper-parameter that tunes the level of regularization of the companion’s spectral energy distribution (SED).
An advanced multipole model of the (130) Elektra quadruple system
Authors: Fuksa M. , Brož M. , Hanuš J. , Ferrais M. , Fatka P. , Vernazza P. 
Published: August 2023

Context.The Ch-type asteroid (130) Elektra is orbited by three moons, making it the first quadruple system in the main asteroid belt.Aims.We aim to characterise the irregular shape of Elektra and construct a complete orbital model of its unique moon system.Methods.We applied the All-Data Asteroid Modelling (ADAM) algorithm to 60 light curves of Elektra, including our new measurements, 46 adaptive-optics (AO) images obtained by the VLT/SPHERE and Keck/Nirc2 instruments, and two stellar occultation profiles. For the orbital model, we used an advancedN-body integrator, which includes a multipole expansion of the central body (with terms up to the orderℓ= 6), mutual perturbations, internal tides, and the external tide of the Sun acting on the orbits. We fitted the astrometry measured with respect to the central body and also relatively, with respect to the moons themselves.Results.We obtained a revised shape model of Elektra with the volume-equivalent diameter (201 ± 2) km. Of two possible pole solutions, (λ,β) = (189; −88) deg is preferred, because the other one leads to an incorrect orbital evolution of the moons. We also identified the true orbital period of the third moon S/2014 (130) 2 asP2= (1.642112 ± 0.000400) days, which is in between the other periods,P1≃ 1.212days,P3= 5.300 days, of S/2014 (130) 1 and S/2003 (130) 1, respectively. The resulting mass of Elektra, (6.606-0.013+0.007) ×1018kg, is precisely constrained by all three orbits. Its bulk density is then (1.536 ± 0.038) g cm−3. The expansion with the assumption of homogeneous interior leads to the oblatenessJ2= −C20≃ 0.16. However, the best-fit precession rates indicate a slightly higher value, ≃0.18. The number of nodal precession cycles over the observation time span 2014–2019 is 14, 7, and 0.5 for the inner, middle, and outer orbits.Conclusions.Future astrometric or interferometric observations of Elektra’s moons should constrain these precession rates even more precisely, allowing the identification of possible inhomogeneities in primitive asteroids.
Analytic solution of chemical evolution models with Type Ia supernovae
Authors: Palicio P. A. , Spitoni E. , Recio-Blanco A. , Matteucci F. , Peirani S. , Greggio L. 
Published: August 2023

Context.In recent years, a significant number of works have been focussed on finding analytic solutions for the chemical enrichment models of galactic systems, including the Milky Way. Some of these solutions, however, are not able to account for the enrichment produced by Type Ia supernovae (SNe) due to the presence of the delay time distributions (DTDs) in the models.Aims.We present a new analytic solution for the chemical evolution model of the Galaxy. This solution can be used with different prescriptions of the DTD, including the single- and double-degenerate scenarios, and allows for the inclusion of an arbitrary number of pristine gas infalls.Methods.We integrated the chemical evolution model by extending the instantaneous recycling approximation with the contribution of Type Ia SNe. This implies an extra term in the modelling that depends on the DTD. For DTDs that lead to non-analytic integrals, we describe them as a superposition of Gaussian, exponential, and 1/tfunctions using a restricted least-squares fitting method.Results.We obtained the exact solution for a chemical model with Type Ia SNe widely used in previous works, while managing to avoid numerical integration errors. This solution is able to reproduce the expected chemical evolution of theαand iron-peak elements in less computing time than numerical integration methods. We compare the pattern in the [Si/Fe] versus [Fe/H] plane observed by APOGEE DR17 with that predicted by the model. We find the low α sequence can be explained by a delayed gas infall. We exploit the applicability of our solution by modelling the chemical evolution of a simulated Milky Way-like galaxy from its star formation history. The implementation of our solution has been released as aPYTHONpackage.Conclusions.Our solution constitutes a promising tool for Galactic archaeology studies and it is able to model the observed trends in α element abundances versus [Fe/H] in the solar neighbourhood. We infer the chemical information of a simulated galaxy modelled without chemistry.
The rich molecular environment of the luminous blue variable star AFGL 2298
Authors: Rizzo J. R. , Bordiu C. , Buemi C. , Leto P. , Ingallinera A. , Bufano F. , Umana G. , Cerrigone L. , Trigilio C. 
Published: August 2023

Context. Luminous blue variable (LBV) stars represent a short-lived stage in the late evolution of the most massive stars. Highly unstable, LBVs exhibit dense stellar winds and episodic eruptions that produce complex circumstellar nebulae, the study of which is crucial for properly constraining the impact of these sources at a Galactic scale from a structural, dynamical, and chemical perspective.
Aims. We aim to investigate the molecular environment of AFGL 2298, an obscured Galactic LBV that hosts a highly structured circumstellar environment with hints of multiple mass-loss events in the last few 104 a.
Methods. We present spectral line observations of AFGL 2298 at 1 and 3 mm performed with the IRAM 30 m radio telescope.
Results. We report the detection of several carbon- and nitrogen-bearing species (CO, 13CO, C18O, C17O, HCO+, HCN, HNC, H13CO+, CN, N2H+, and C2H) in the surroundings of AFGL 2298. We identified three velocity components that clearly stand out from the Galactic background. The morphology, kinematics, masses, and isotopic ratios, together with a comparative study of the fractional abundances, lead us to suggest that two of these components (36 and 70 km s−1) have a stellar origin. The other component (46 km s−1) most likely traces swept-up interstellar material, and probably also harbours a photon-dominated region.
Conclusions. We provide the first inventory of the circumstellar molecular gas around AFGL 2298. Our results are compatible with the hypothesis of former mass-loss events produced before the one that created the infrared nebula. The chemistry of this LBV suggests the presence of ejected stellar material, and also swept up gas. These findings will help us to better understand the mass-loss history of this class of evolved massive stars, which is important given that they heavily influence the overall chemical evolution of the Galaxy.
Very late-time spectroscopy of SN 2009ip: Constraints on the ongoing Hα emission
Authors: Pessi Thallis , Prieto Jose L. , Dessart Luc 
Published: August 2023

Context. The peculiar supernova (SN) 2009ip was an ambiguous event that placed many questions on its true origin. Here, we present very late-time spectroscopic and photometric observations of SN 2009ip, obtained 9 years (3274 days) after the 2012B outburst.
Aims. We analyze the Hα emission still present in the very late-time spectrum of SN 2009ip. We also obtain photometric measurements in r, g and i bands.
Methods. We obtain observations of SN 2009ip on 2021 September 10 with the IMACS instrument at the 6.5 m Magellan Baade Telescope, located at the Las Campanas Observatory.
Results. SN 2009ip was detected in r, g and i bands, with an absolute magnitude in r band of ∼ − 8.66 mag. We show that the source faded significantly since the last observations in these bands. We further show that the very late-time spectrum contains a persistent Hα emission, although no other emission lines were detected. We measure a full width at half maximum of 930 ± 40 km s−1 and luminosity of ∼ 8.0 × 1037 erg s−1 for the Hα emission. The luminosity decreased relatively slowly in comparison to the last observations and its fading rate is very similar to other long-living interacting transients, such as SN 2005ip. Finally, we conclude that although these properties could be consistent with a non-regular core-collapse SN, they could also be explained by non-terminal explosion scenarios.
Ulkus-Shaving mit primärer Hauttransplantation beim Ulcus cruris venosum
Authors: Juntermanns Benjamin , Kröger Knut , Waldhausen Peter , Gäbel Gabor 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDem Ulcus cruris venosum liegt immer eine chronisch-venöse Insuffizienz zugrunde. Sollte sich eine Resistenz gegen die konservative Kompressionstherapie einstellen, werden chirurgische Therapien empfohlen. Ein etabliertes Verfahren ist das Ulkus-Shaving mit Meshgraft-Deckung, ergänzt durch eine Rezidivprophylaxe mit Kompressionsstrümpfen der Klasse II (oder mehr), körperliche Bewegung, Hautpflege und regelmäßige phlebologische Kontrollen.
Determination and Chemotaxonomic Analysis of Lanostane Triterpenoids in the Mycelia of Ganoderma spp. Using Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass
Spectrometry (I)
Authors: Yue Yawen , Zhou Shuai , Cheng Chilu , Teng Liming , Zhang Jingsong , Cui Baokai , Han Wei , Dai Yucheng , Feng Na 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA comprehensive and sensitive method combining ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the quantification of characteristic triterpenoids in
Ganoderma mycelia. Eight ganoderic acids previously isolated from the mycelia of Ganoderma lingzhi were separated with a binary mobile phase on a reversed-phase C18 column. A
triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source was used as the detector in the negative ion mode. Identification and quantitation of target ganoderic
acids were accomplished using the dynamic multiple reaction monitoring mode. The developed method was validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, stability, and recovery. The
method was first applied to quantify the contents of eight ganoderic acids in the mycelia of G. lingzhi at different times to determine the optimum fermentation conditions.
Subsequently, the distribution of triterpenoids and the contents of eight ganoderic acids in sixteen different Ganoderma species were investigated. The results indicated that UV
chromatography combined with dynamic multiple reaction monitoring quantification was an effective chemotaxonomy method for Ganoderma species identification. This study also provided a
helpful analytical methodology for both scientific and industrial applications in the quality control of Ganoderma triterpenoids.
Long-term follow-up of the red density pilot trial: a basis for long-term prediction of sustained clinical remission in ulcerative colitis?
Authors: Sinonquel Pieter , Bossuyt Peter , Sabino João Pedro Guedelha , Verstockt Bram , Makino Takao , Vermeire Severine , Bisschops Raf 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRed density (RD) technology is an automated operator-independent endoscopic scoring system
for disease activity in ulcerative colitis (UC). In this retrospective analysis we aimed to
assess the predictive value of the RD sore for sustained clinical remission. All 39 patients
from the RD pilot trial were evaluated for clinical outcome in a 5-year period. The highest RD
score was considered for Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine the
cut-off of the RD for the composite endpoint of treatment failure (defined as mortality,
colectomy, hospitalizations, flares and UC therapy changes). Statistical significance was
considered P < 0.05. Reassessment of the RD score was
possible in 36 patients. The composite endpoint was reached in 17 of 39 patients. ROC analysis
for clinical remission showed a RD cut-off of 65, area under the ROC was 0.68, sensitivity of
0.71, and a specificity of 0.63. A RD score of ≥ 65 demonstrated a statistically
non-significant increase in composite endpoint (hazard ratio 0.49 (95% confidence interval
0.1871-1.280); P = 0.1453). In conclusion, the RD score may be an independent predictor of
clinical remission in patients with UC for the disease course up to 5 years, but results of
the ongoing PROCEED-UC trial are to awaited for definite conclusions.
Multi-step Flow Synthesis of the Anthelmintic Drug Praziquantel
Authors: Gundla Rambabu , Mainkar Prathama S , Phull Manjinder Singh , Jadav Surender Singh , Bohara Chander Singh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPraziquantel (PZQ; Brand name: Biltricide) is categorized as an anthelminthic drug, and it is used for the treatment of Schistosomiasis and other parasitic infections. The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified it as one of the essential and emergency medicines needed across the globe. The price of PZQ formulated product depends on the associated method of preparation, along with cost of raw materials. A precise and reliable method for the preparation of PZQ using a flow-chemistry approach is described in this study using phenylethylamine as the starting material. The main objective of the present study is to identify a new economical route for the synthesis of PZQ that could decrease the production time drastically from days to minutes and be transferred to large-scale production. Simultaneously, the purity of the obtained intermediates in essential steps, as single or continuous process, determined by HPLC analysis were more than 90% pure. The continuous preparation process of PZQ in the current study was achieved in less time (ca. 3–4 h) than using conventional methods (ca. 3–4 days). Moreover, the required quantity of key intermediate dimethoxyethanamine is 40–50% less than in existing methods.
Dysphagia in Neurological Disorders
Authors: El Halabi Maan , Arwani Remy , Parkman Henry P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDysphagia is a common symptom in many neurologic disorders. Patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia present with difficulties when they start to swallow, often with coughing and choking; whereas patients with esophageal dysphagia describe the feeling that swallowed food stops in the chest. Chronic neurologic diseases such stroke, Parkinson's disease, or dementia often have dysphagia as a symptom, particularly oropharyngeal dysphagia, and the term “neurogenic dysphagia” is often used. A disruption of the sophisticated, integrated sensorimotor swallowing system is usually the main reason behind dysphagia. Dysphagia can be associated with aspiration leading to aspiration pneumonia, and chronic dysphagia can lead to weight loss and malnutrition. Patients with dysphagia, when accurately and promptly diagnosed through medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests, often can be treated and experience improved quality of life. The pathophysiological mechanisms behind dysphagia, its diagnosis, and potential treatments are discussed in this manuscript.
Drug Resistance Analysis of Pathogens Isolated from Pediatric Patients in Mexico
Authors: Cruz-López Flora , Rincón-Zuno Joaquín , Morfin-Otero Rayo , Rodríguez-Noriega Eduardo , Corte-Rojas Reyna Edith , Feliciano-Guzmán José Manuel , Gil-Veloz Mariana , Rodríguez-Muñoz Lorena , Choy-Chang Elena Victoria , Cetina-Umaña Carlos Miguel , Avilés-Benítez Laura Karina , Martínez-Meléndez Adrián , López-Jácome Esaú , Silva-Sánchez Jesús , Bolado-Martínez Enrique , López-García Maribel , Castañeda-Duarte Juan de Dios , Ramos-Medellin Carmen Lucrecia , Escalante-Armenta Samuel Pavel , Quintanilla-Cazares Luis Javier , Couoh-May Carlos Antonio , Quintana-Ponce Sandra , Newton-Sánchez Oscar Alberto , Rodriguez-Galicia Verónica , López-López Dulce María , Huirache-Villalobos Guadalupe Soledad , Ramirez-Mis Jose Luis , Rojas-Larios Fabián , Guerrero-Nuñez Arely Elizabeth , Zubiate-Tejada Héctor Miguel , Duarte-Miranda Lizbeth Soraya , Barroso-Herrera-y-Cairo Irma Elena , Padilla-Rivas Gerardo , Garza-González Elvira 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective To analyze the resistance to antimicrobials in clinical isolates from pediatric patients in Mexico.
Methods Susceptibility data from relevant specimens were collected in the pediatric population over 6 months from 25 centers from 17 states of Mexico and analyzed using the WHONET 5.6 software. Data were stratified into three age groups: younger than 2 years, 2 to 6 years, and 6 to 18 years.
Results For Escherichia coli, the infant/toddler group had higher resistance rates to ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, cefuroxime, cefepime, gentamicin, quinolones (p < 0.001), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (p = 0.003), and ceftazidime (p = 0.004) than the other two age groups. Additionally, a high proportion of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates for E. coli (75.3%) was detected in this age group. Comparable results were observed for Klebsiella pneumoniae, with higher resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam, ceftazidime, gentamicin, cefepime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, carbapenems (p = 0.001) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (p = 0.023) in the infant/toddler group. Moreover, a high proportion of ESBL producers (76%) was detected in this age group. Regarding wards, E. coli and K. pneumoniae had the highest carbapenem resistance in the ICU area, and Acinetobacter baumannii had the highest carbapenem resistance in medical wards.
Conclusion High antibiotic resistance rates were detected in the infant/toddler group. This report presents baseline data for future prospective surveillance studies of antimicrobial resistance in pediatric patients in Mexico.
Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Pairs with Near-Identical Results: Probability of Arterial or Venous Source
Authors: Monneret Denis , Stavis Robert L. 
Published: August 2023

Objective In studies of concomitant arterial–venous umbilical cord blood gases (CAV-UBGs), approximately 10% of technically valid samples have very similar pH and/or pCO2 values and were probably drawn from the same type of blood vessel. Without a way to objectively determine the source in these cases, it has been argued that most of these same-source CAV-UBGs are venous because the vein is larger and more easily sampled than the artery. This study aimed to calculate the probability of an arterial (ProbAS) or venous source (ProbVS) of same-source CAV-UBGs in the clinically and medicolegally important pH range of 6.70 to 7.25 using a statistical predictive model based on the cord blood gas values.
Study Design Starting with a dataset of 56,703 CAV-UBGs, the ProbAS, ProbVS, and respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the 241 sample pairs with near-identical pH, pCO2, and pO2 values and a pH of 6.70 to 7.25. Using a previously validated generalized additive model, the source was categorized as: Probable Arterial or Highly Probable Arterial if the ProbAS and CIs were >0.5 or >0.8, respectively; Probable Venous or Highly Probable Venous if the ProbVS and CIs were >0.5 or >0.8, respectively; or Indeterminant if the CIs encompassed ProbAS/VS = 0.5.
Results A total of 39% of the same-source CAV-UBGs were Probable Arterial, 56% were Probable Venous, and 5% were Indeterminant. However, considering samples with a pH ≤7.19, 80% were Probable Arterial and 16% were Probable Venous. Considering the Highly Probable categories, the more acidemic specimens were 9 times more likely to be arterial than venous. Similarly, CAV-UBGs with pCO2 > 8.2 kPa (62 mm Hg) or pO2 ≤ 1.9 kPa (14 mm Hg) were more likely to be in the arterial rather than the venous categories.
Conclusion Same-source CAV-UBGs in the more acidemic, hypercarbic, or hypoxemic ranges are more likely to be arterial than venous.
Key Points
Anterior Tibial Island Flap in the Management of Trophic Ulcers of Heel
Authors: Kalra G. S. , Bhatnagar S. K. , Chandra R. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThe use of anterior tibial flap as a distally based island flap for the management of trophic ulcers of heel is being presented. The advantages and vascular bases have been discussed.
Public opinion in Japanese newspaper readers’ posts under the prolonged COVID-19 infection spread 2019–2021: contents analysis using Latent Dirichlet Allocation
Authors: Kasuga Hideaki , Endo Shota , Masuishi Yusuke , Hidaka Tomoo , Kakamu Takeyasu , Fukushima Tetsuhito 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, information on what people are interested in and what they are disseminating can be an important public health resource. Most studies on public opinion during the pandemic have focused on social networking services in the context of the early phases of the pandemic or on a short-term basis; research on public opinion outside of social networking services that consider long-term changes has not been conducted. To examine this gap in the research, we analyzed readers’ posts on Japanese hardcopy newspaper articles in the public domain. A total of 1910 such posts published during four emergency declaration periods in Japan were included in the study. Latent Dirichlet Allocation was applied in our analysis to extract topics and Kendall rank correlation coefficients between the emergency declaration periods, and each topic was calculated to examine the effect size. We selected 10 topics and categorized them into three themes: (1) “Life” comprising “Family,” “Daily Life in the COVID-19 Disaster,” “Education in the COVID-19 Disaster,” “The Importance of Humanity,” and “Daily Life unrelated to COVID-19”; (2) “Awareness of the emergency” comprising, “Awareness of being a party to an emergency” and “Concerns about the medical environment,”; and (3) “Policy” comprising “Domestic and foreign policies,” “Opposition to hosting the Tokyo Olympics,” and “Criticisms of the Japanese Government.” This research revealed that, as a result of the exposure to COVID-19-related material over a prolonged period, awareness of the emergency decreased (r = −0.189, p < 0.000), while other topics remained. This study showed that it is possible to extract more everyday public opinion topics from the reader’s posts in newspapers and that these are issues that should be addressed from a long-term perspective since they do not change significantly in a stressful life.