bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Death Comes But Why: A Multi-Task Memory-Fused Prediction for Accurate and Explainable Illness Severity in ICUs
Authors: Chen Weitong , Zhang Wei Emma , Yue Lin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Predicting the severity of an illness is crucial in intensive care units (ICUs) if a patient‘s life is to be saved. The existing prediction methods often fail to provide sufficient evidence for time-critical decisions required in dynamic and changing ICU environments. In this research, a new method called MM-RNN (multi-task memory-fused recurrent neural network) was developed to predict the severity of illnesses in intensive care units (ICUs). MM-RNN aims to address this issue by not only predicting illness severity but also generating an evidence-based explanation of how the prediction was made. The architecture of MM-RNN consists of task-specific phased LSTMs and a delta memory network that captures asynchronous feature correlations within and between multiple organ systems. The multi-task nature of MM-RNN allows it to provide an evidence-based explanation of its predictions, along with illness severity scores and a heatmap of the patient’s changing condition. The results of comparison with state-of-the-art methods on real-world clinical data show that MM-RNN delivers more accurate predictions of illness severity with the added benefit of providing evidence-based justifications.
Factors related to advance care planning from the perspectives of cancer patients: a systematic review
Authors: Golmohammadi Mobina , Ebadi Abbas , Ashrafizadeh Hadis , Rassouli Maryam , Barasteh Salman 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Advance care planning (ACP) has recently been considered as an important component of palliative care for patients with advanced cancer and is a process through which patients express their preferences and goals regarding end-of-life care and make decisions regarding their future treatment priorities. Therefore, the present systematic review investigated the factors related to ACP from the perspective of cancer patients.
Methods: A systematic review study was searched in four scientific databases: PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest using with related keywords and without date restrictions. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Hawker criterion. The research papers were analyzed as directed content analysis based on the theory of planned behavior.
Results: Out of 5900 research papers found, 21 were included in the study. The perspectives of 9061 cancer patients were investigated, of whom 4347 were men and 4714 were women. The mean ± SD of the patients' age was 62.04 ±6.44. According to TPB, factors affecting ACP were categorized into four categories, including attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and external factors affecting the model. The attitude category includes two subcategories: "Lack of knowledge of the ACP concept " and " Previous experience of the disease", the subjective norm category includes three subcategories: "Social support and interaction with family", "Respecting the patient's wishes" and "Prioritizing EOL care". Also, the category of perceived control behavior was categorized into three sub-categories: "Decision-making", "Participation in life activities" and " Support from healthcare system ", as well as external factors affecting the model, including "demographic characteristics".
Conclusion: The studies indicate that attention to EOL care and the wishes of patients regarding receiving medical care and preservation of human dignity, the importance of facilitating open communication between patients and their families, and different perspectives on providing information, communicating bad news and making decisions require culturally sensitive approaches. Finally, the training of cancer care professionals in the PC practice, promoting the participation of health care professionals in ACP activities and creating an ACP-positive attitude should be strongly encouraged.
6-nitrodopamine potentiates contractions of rat isolated vas deferens induced by noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine and electric field stimulation
Authors: Britto-Júnior José , Lima Antonio Tiago , Campos Rafael , Gião Alexandre Asturianio , Mendes Gustavo Duarte , Lima Luiza Ferreira-Novaes , Fregonesi Adriano , Pupo André Sampaio , Antunes Edson , De Nucci Gilberto 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
6-nitrodopamine (6-ND) is a novel endogenous catecholamine that is released from rat isolated vas deferens, and it has been characterized as a major modulator of the contractility of rat isolated epididymal vas deferens (RIEVD). Drugs such as tricyclic antidepressants, a1 and b1b2 adrenoceptor blockers, act as selective antagonists of the 6-ND receptor in the RIEVD. In the rat isolated atria, 6-ND has a potent positive chronotropic action and causes remarkable potentiation of the positive chronotropic effects induced by dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline. Here it was investigated whether 6-ND interacts with the classical catecholamines in the rat isolated vas deferens.
Incubation with 6-ND (0.1 and 1nM; 30min) caused no contractions in the RIEVD but provoked significant leftward shifts in the concentration-response curves to noradrenaline, adrenaline, and dopamine. Pre-incubation of the RIEVD with 6-ND (1nM), potentiated the contractions induced by electric-field stimulation (EFS), whereas pre-incubation with 1nM of dopamine, noradrenaline or adrenaline, did not affect EFS-induced contractions. In tetrodotoxin (1mM) pre-treated (30 min) RIEVD, pre-incubation with 6-ND (0.1nM) did not caused leftward shifts in the concentration-dependent contractions induced by noradrenaline, adrenaline, or dopamine. Pre-incubation of the RIEVD with the α2A-adrenoceptor antagonist idazoxan (30 min, 10 nM) did not affect dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, and EFS-induced contractions. However, when idazoxan (10nM) and 6-ND (0.1nM) were simultaneously pre-incubated (30 min), a significant potentiation of the EFS-induced contractions of the RIEVD was observed. 6-nitrodopamine causes remarkable potentiation of dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline contractions on the RIEVD, due to activation of adrenergic terminals, possibly via pre-synaptic adrenoceptors.
A Resource Scheduling Method for Cloud Data Centers Based on Thermal Management
Authors: Mao Li , Chen Rui , Cheng Huiwen , Lin Weiwei , Liu Bo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With the continuous growth of cloud computing services, the high energy consumption of cloud data centers has become an urgent problem to be solved. Virtual machine consolidation (VMC) is an important way to optimize energy consumption, however excessive consolidation may lead to local hotspots and increase the risk of equipment failure. Thermal-aware scheduling can solve this problem, but it is difficult to strike a balance between SLA and energy consumption. To solve the above problems, we propose a method for scheduling cloud data center resources based on thermal management (TM-VMC), which optimizes total energy consumption and proactively prevents hotspots from a global perspective. It includes four phases of the VM consolidation process, dynamically schedules VMs by detecting server temperature and utilization status in real time, and finds suitable target hosts based on an improved ant colony algorithm (UACO) for the VMs. We compare the TM-VMC approach with several existing mainstream VM consolidation algorithms under workloads from real-world data centers. Simulation experimental results show that the TM-VMC approach can proactively avoid data center hotspots and significantly reduce energy consumption while maintaining low SLA violation rates.
Natural Resource Rents, Institutions and Political Violence: A Theoretical Exploration
Authors: Khan Karim , Sherbaz Sadia Sherbaz 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Natural resource abundance has been linked to major violent conflicts in the world. Collier and Hoeffler (1998) were the first to discuss distributional concerns among different groups and its potential in instigating violence in the presence of natural resources. This work traces the theories that link natural resource rents to violence and develops a theoretical framework which can explain the role institutional accountability and third-party interference in that relationship. We have considered the dynamics between the dominant and minority groups in determining the shares in natural resources and then have adapted the framework by Elbadawi and Soto (2015) for explaining the motivation for exploitation and rebellion. Onwards, we modify the framework by incorporating institutional cost and third-party interference into the baseline analysis. The derived outcomes depict that indiscriminate institutional accountability for exploitation and aggression can be instrumental in neutralizing the effect of natural resource rents on political violence. Further, the effectiveness of institutional cost of violence is compromised in case of third-party interference. Our work makes a case for not only institutional reforms that would penalize exploitation and violence but also for a less conflictual foreign policy for a developing nation.
A comparative study between transanal and transabdominal approaches in treatment of complete rectal prolapse
Authors: Kwak Han Deok , Chung Jun Seong , Ju Jae Kyun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
There is a wide variety of surgical methods to treat rectal prolapse; however, to date, no clear agreement exists regarding the most effective surgical method. This study was designed to compare the results according to the surgical approach for complete rectal prolapse in women.
Methods
This study was conducted from March 2016 to February 2021 on female patients with rectal prolapse who underwent surgery. First, all patients were classified into mucosal and complete layer groups to confirm the difference in results between the two groups, and only complete layer prolapse patients were divided into transanal and abdominal approaches to compare parameters and functional outcomes in each group.
Results
A total of 180 patients were included, with an average age of 71.7 years and 102 complete prolapses. The complete layer group was found to have more abdominal access, longer operating time, and higher recurrence rates compared to the mucosal layer group. (p < 0.001) When targeting only the complete layer patients, there were 65 patients with the transanal and 37 with the abdominal (laparoscopic) approaches. The abdominal approach group had a longer operating time and hospital stay (p < 0.001, respectively) and lower recurrence rate than the transanal group (transanal vs. abdominal, 38% vs. 10.8%, p = 0.003), while the Wexner constipation and incontinence scores showed improved results in both groups.
Conclusion
Although operating time and hospitalization period were shorter in the transanal group, laparoscopic abdominal surgery is a procedure that can reduce the recurrent rate for complete rectal prolapse.
Assessment of in vitro antidiabetic properties of synthesized silver nanoparticles using ethanolic extract of Boerhavia diffusa
Authors: A Reena Joy , S Gayathri Devi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The in vitro antidiabetic efficacy of ethanolic extract Boerhavia diffusa (B.diffusa) synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was investigated by inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, protein glycation assay, non-enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin, glucose uptake by yeast cells and glucose diffusion at varying concentrations (10 to 100µg/ml). The alpha-amylase assay shows that the acarbose (standard) and B. diffusa had IC50 values of 46.2 µg/ml and 55.4 µg/ml, whereas alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity was found to be 63.4 µg/ml and 93.0 µg/ml respectively. Further, non-enzymatic glycosylation analysis showed IC50 value of metformin (standard) as 28.6 µg/ml and B. diffusa as 63.9 µg/ml. The protein glycation activity was inhibited in non-enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin. The glycosylation was induced using pioglitazone (standard) which gives IC50 value of 616.4 µg/ml by which B. diffusa showed 756.3 µg/ml. The uptake of glucose by yeast cells was analyzed and the result shows that the glucose concentration increased steadily from 5mM to 25mM (maximum absorption) of both metronidazole (standard) and B. diffusa. From 30 to 180 minutes, the glucose diffusion experiment revealed that the concentration of the metformin and B. diffusa extract was positively correlated with the time. The ethanolic extract of synthesized AgNPs and the reference medication employed in all experiments both benefit their curative potential for the treatment of insulin resistance. The generated silver nanoparticles can be used for industrial and therapeutic purposes and can be released into the environment without harm. More in vivo study can be reviewed, however the green synthesized ethanolic extract of B. diffusa exhibits promising affect for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Predictive value of estimated pulse wave velocity for cardiovascular and all- cause mortality in individuals with obesity
Authors: Li Daidi , Cao Feng , Cheng Wenke , Xu Yanyan , Yang Chuang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) has revealed excellent performance in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, whether ePWV predicts all-cause mortality and CVD mortality in populations with obesity remains elusive.
Methods: We performed a prospective cohort including 49,116 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2014. Arterial stiffness was evaluated by ePWV. Weighted univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to assess the effects of ePWV on the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. In addition, the two-piecewise linear regression analysis was used to describe the trend of ePWV affecting mortality and identify the thresholds that significantly affect mortality.
Results: A total of 9,929 participants with obesity with ePWV data and 833 deaths were enrolled. Based on the multivariate Cox regression results, the high ePWV group had a 1.25-fold higher risk of all-cause mortality and a 5.76-fold higher risk of CVD mortality than the low-ePWV group. All-cause and CVD mortality risk increased by 123% and 44%, respectively, for every 1 m/s increase in ePWV. Furthermore, the two-piecewise linear regression analysis exhibited that the minimal threshold at which ePWV affected participant mortality was 6.7 m/s for all-cause mortality and 7.2 m/s for CVD mortality.
Conclusions: ePWV was an independent risk factor for mortality in populations with obesity. High ePWV levels were associated with an increased all-cause and CVD mortality. Thus, ePWV can be considered a novel biomarker to assess mortality risk in patients with obesity.
A Probabilistic U-Net Workflow for Automatically Cell Counting in Digital Pathology
Authors: Yang Yiming , Giuffrida Valerio , Yang Shufan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A common yet still manual task in basic biology research, high through-put drug screening, and digital pathology is identifying the number, location, and type of individual cells in microscopy images. Semantic segmentation-based methods can be useful for identifying individual cells as well as their morphological features in one step. However, the accuracy of segmentation is still low. As such, we propose a UNet-based neural network model to effectively improve the cell counting accuracy and efficiency for histology image analysis. In this work, we proposed a probabilistic U-Net workflow to bring cell counting automation into real practice. Our approach has proven to be competitive in terms of accuracy compared to state-of-the-art approaches, such as U-Net, ResU-net on three cell counting datasets. Moreover, experimental results on the CoNIC dataset show that our approach also outperforms the state-of-the-art under data imbalance scenario.
High PGD expression as a potential prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in low-grade gliomas
Authors: Zhu Yike , Huang Dan , Lin Zhichuan , Liang Hui , Lu Chuansen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
PGD plays a pivotal role in the pentose phosphate pathway, which is a branch of glycolytic cascade. Overexpressed PGD has been reported in diverse human cancers. However, the correlations of PGD with prognosis and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) in low-grade gliomas (LGGs) remain unclear.
Methods
We conducted a comprehensive analysis using the data downloaded from the TCGA-LGG cohort, and jointly analyzed with online databases including GEPIA, UALCAN, HPA, LinkedOmics, and TIMER2.0. Besides, the biological functions of PGD in LGG were investigated through in vitro experiments.
Results
The results revealed that in LGG tissues PGD was overexpressed and correlated with poor outcomes and survival. In addition, PGD expression showed significant association with a variety of the tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and was positively correlated with the expression of various immune cell markers including PD-1 in LGG. In vitro experiments demonstrated that PGD expression was significantly greater in Hs683 cells compared to normal cells; we further found that knockdown of PGD in Hs683 cells markedly suppressed growth, invasion, and migration.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that PGD is a promising independent prognostic and predictive immunotherapeutic biomarker. The potential mechanism and function of PGD in LGG deserve further research.
Time spent with saturation below 80% versus 90% in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Bikov Andras , Frent Stefan , Deleanu Oana , Meszaros Martina , Birza Mariela Romina , Popa Alina Mirela , Manzur Andrei Raul , Gligor Loredana , Mihaicuta Stefan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Nocturnal hypoxaemia measured by the percentage of total sleep time spent with saturation below 90% (TST90%) may better predict cardiovascular consequences of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) than the number of obstructive respiratory events measured with the apnoea-hypopnea index (AHI). Deeper hypoxaemia may potentially induce more severe pathophysiological consequences. However, the additional value of the percentage of total sleep time spent with saturation below 80% (TST80%) to TST90% is not fully explored.
Methods
Comprehensive medical history was taken, fasting lipid and C-reactive protein levels were measured in 797 volunteers participating in two cohort studies in Hungary and Romania. Sleep parameters, including AHI, TST90% and TST80% were recorded following a polysomnography (n = 598) or an inpatient cardiorespiratory polygraphy (n = 199). The performance of TST80% to predict cardiovascular risk was compared with TST90% using linear and logistic regression analyses as well receiver operating characteristics curves.
Results
Both parameters significantly related to cardiovascular risk factors; however, TST80% did not show better predictive value for cardiovascular risk than TST90%. On the other hand, patients with more severe hypoxaemia reported more excessive daytime sleepiness.
Conclusions
TST80% has limited additional clinical value compared to TST90% when evaluating cardiovascular risk in patients with OSA.
Wilderness Search and Rescue: Adopting a New Approach for Finding Missing People Using GIS Techniques in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almujalli Faisal Suliman , Altuwaijri Hamad Ahmed 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Every year, hundreds of people go missing in the wilderness of Saudi Arabia. There is an immediate need to examine modern geographic techniques for finding these people. Geographical information systems (GIS), for example, play a crucial role in WiSAR, not only in mapping probability areas but also in applying further analysis and modeling methods to reduce time and effort and guide life-saving task forces in the right direction. In a hypothetical case study conducted in Saudi Arabia, this study compares two standard WiSAR models, ring and mobility. In these situations, both models can be used. However, the new approach in the mobility model drastically reduces the possible search areas, from 101,787 km2 in the ring model to 335.34 km of likely trails and unpaved roads, and gives exact directions to where a missing person may be.
GL-S-NFSR: A New NFSR Structure and Its Period Properties
Authors: Wang Xiaojuan , Tian Tian , Qi Wenfeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Recently nonlinear feedback shift registers (NFSRs) have frequently been used as basic building blocks for stream ciphers. A major problem concerning NFSRs is to construct NFSRs with large periods. In this paper, a new NFSR structure whose period could be theoretically analyzed is proposed and studied, called GL-S-NFSR. A GL-S-NFSR is a selective cascade connection of a primitive Galois LFSR into a standard Galois NFSR with a linear simplified feedback function, where standard Galois NFSRs with linear simplified feedback functions are very useful in stream ciphers, e.g., Trivium. It is proved that the periods of the output sequences of a GL-S-NFSR are lower bounded by the product of all the Zsigmondy primes of 2 n − 1 with a probability close to 1 under a weak assumption, and particularly, if n is a prime, then 2 n − 1 divides the periods of the output sequences with a high probability , where n is the stage of the Galois LFSR. Besides, it is also proved that there are several registers satisfying that the periods are multiples of Zsigmondy primes without any assumption. Note that the main building block of Kreyvium consists of a standard Galois NFSR with a linear simplified feedback function and two pure cycling registers (PCRs). Periodic results on GL-S-NFSR are applied to Kreyvium by modifying one PCR to a primitive LFSR and the modified building block of Kreyvium is called M-Kreyvium. It is shown that the sequences involved in M-Kreyvium could have large periods with high probabilities.
CTA-FPN: Channel-Target Attention Feature Pyramid Network for Prohibited Object Detection in X-ray Images
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhuo Li , Ma Chunjie , Zhang Yutong , Li Jiafeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fast and accurate prohibited object detection in X-ray images is great challenging. Based on YOLOv6 object detection framework, in this paper, Channel-Target Attention Feature Pyramid Network (CTA-FPN) is proposed for prohibited object detection in X-ray images. It includes two key components: TAAM (Target Aware Attention Module) and CAM (Channel Attention Module). TAAM is to generate the target attention map to enhance the features of prohibited object regions and suppress those of the background regions, so as to solve the problems of object occlusion and cluttered background in X-ray images. CAM is to highlight the feature channels important to the detection tasks, and suppress the irrelevant ones. The target-wise and channel-wise feature enhancement can effectively strengthen the feature representation capability of the network. The proposed CTA-FPN is incorporated into S, M and L models of YOLOv6 respectively, obtaining three X-ray prohibited object detection models. The experimental results on two publicly available benchmark datasets of SIXray and CLCXray show that, CTA-FPN can effectively improve the detection performance of YOLOv6. Especially, YOLOv6-CTA-FPN-L can achieve the state-of-the-arts detection accuracy.