bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of fluralaner treatment regimens for the control of canine Chagas disease: A mathematical modeling study
Authors: Fiatsonu Edem , Busselman Rachel E. , Hamer Gabriel L. , Hamer Sarah A. , Ndeffo-Mbah Martial L. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Canine Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by insect triatomine vectors known as kissing bugs. The agent can cause cardiac damage and long-term heart disease and death in humans, dogs, and other mammals. In laboratory settings, treatment of dogs with systemic insecticides has been shown to be highly efficacious at killing triatomines that feed on treated dogs.

Method
We developed compartmental vector-host models of T. cruzi transmission between the triatomine and dog population accounting for the impact of seasonality and triatomine migration on disease transmission dynamics. We considered a single vector-host model without seasonality, and model with seasonality, and a spatially coupled model. We used the models to evaluate the effectiveness of the insecticide fluralaner with different durations of treatment regimens for reducing T. cruzi infection in different transmission settings.

Results
In low and medium transmission settings, our model showed a marginal difference between the 3-month and 6-month regimens for reducing T. cruzi infection among dogs. The difference increases in the presence of seasonality and triatomine migration from a sylvatic transmission setting. In high transmission settings, the 3-month regimen was substantially more effective in reducing T. cruzi infections in dogs than the other regimens. Our model showed that increased migration rate reduces fluralaner effectiveness in all treatment regimens, but the relative reduction in effectiveness is minimal during the first years of treatment. However, if an additional 10% or more of triatomines killed by dog treatment were eaten by dogs, treatment could increase T. cruzi infections in the dog population at least during the first year of treatment.

Conclusion
Our analysis shows that treating all peridomestic dogs every three to six months for at least five years could be an effective measure to reduce T. cruzi infections in dogs and triatomines in peridomestic transmission settings. However, further studies at the local scale are needed to better understand the potential impact of routine use of fluralaner treatment on increasing dogs’ consumption of dead triatomines.
Graphical user interface design to improve understanding of the patient-reported outcome symptom response
Authors: Lee Mangyeong , Kang Danbee , Joi Yeongrae , Yoon Junghee , Kim Youngha , Kim Jinhwang , Kang Minwoong , Oh Dongryul , Shin Soo-Yong , Cho Juhee 
Published: January 2023

Background
Symptom monitoring application (SMA) has clinical benefits to cancer patients but patients experience difficulties in using it. Few studies have identified which types of graphical user interface (GUI) are preferred by cancer patients for using the SMA.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study aimed to identify preferred GUI among cancer patients to use SMA. Total of 199 patients were asked to evaluate 8 types of GUIs combining text, icon, illustration, and colors using mixed-methods. Subgroup analyses were performed according to age and gender.

Results
The mean age of the patients was 57 and 42.5% was male. The most preferred GUI was “Text + Icon + Color” (mean = 4.43), followed by “Text + Icon” (mean = 4.39). Older patients (≥ 60 years) preferred “Text + Icon” than younger patients (p for interaction < 0.01). Simple and intuitive text and icons were the most useful GUI for cancer patients to use the SMA.

Conclusion
Simple and intuitive text and icons were the most useful GUI for cancer patients to use the SMA. Researchers need to be careful when applying realistic face drawings to cancer symptom monitoring applications because they can recall negative images of cancer.
Vulnerability and agency in research participants’ daily lives and the research encounter: A qualitative case study of participants taking part in scrub typhus research in northern Thailand
Authors: Greer Rachel C. , Kanthawang Nipaphan , Roest Jennifer , Wangrangsimakul Tri , Parker Michael , Kelley Maureen , Cheah Phaik Yeong 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundResearchers have a responsibility to protect all participants, especially vulnerable participants, from harm. Vulnerability is increasingly understood to be context specific, yet limited guidance is available regarding the vulnerability and agency of research participants in different cultural settings. This study aims to explore research participants’ daily vulnerability and agency, and how these interact with participants’ research experiences in their own words. Researchers’ views and responses were also explored.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted around two scrub typhus research studies in northern Thailand. A thematic analysis was carried out on 42 semi-structured interviews with research participants, their families, researchers and key informants.ResultsThe majority of the research participants belonged to a hill tribe ethnic minority group. Common challenges were related to Thai language barriers, travel difficulties, uncertain legal status, unstable employment, lack of education and healthcare. We did not identify new vulnerabilities but we found that the extent of these vulnerabilities might be underestimated or even hidden from researchers in some cases. Despite these challenges people demonstrated agency in their daily lives and were often motivated and supported in this by family members. The majority of perceived research benefits were related to healthcare and gaining knowledge, while attending follow-up visits could be a burden for some.ConclusionsOur approach to research in culturally and socioeconomically diverse settings should be more responsive to participants’ specific vulnerabilities and abilities evidenced in their daily life, rather than attributing vulnerability on the basis of membership of pre-defined ‘vulnerable groups’. Researchers need to be aware and responsive towards the challenges participants face locally in order to minimise the burdens of research participation whilst allowing participants to benefit from research.
A global perspective of advanced practice nursing research: A review of systematic reviews protocol
Authors: Kilpatrick Kelley , Savard Isabelle , Audet Li-Anne , Kra-Friedman Abby , Atallah Renée , Jabbour Mira , Zhou Wentao , Wheeler Kathy , Ladd Elissa , Gray Deborah C. , Henderson Colette , Spies Lori A. , McGrath Heather , Rogers Melanie 
Published: January 2023

Introduction
In 2020, the World Health Organization called for the expansion and greater recognition of all nursing roles, including advanced practice nurses (APNs), to better meet patient care needs. As defined by the International Council of Nurses (ICN), the two most common APN roles include nurse practitioners (NPs) and clinical nurse specialists (CNSs). They help ensure care to communities as well as patients and families with acute, chronic or complex conditions. Moreover, APNs support providers to deliver high quality care and improve access to services. Currently, there is much variability in the use of advanced practice nursing roles globally. A clearer understanding of the roles that are in place across the globe, and how they are being used will support greater role harmonization, and inform global priorities for advanced practice nursing education, research, and policy reform.

Objective
To identify current gaps in advanced practice nursing research globally.

Materials and methods
This review of systematic reviews will provide a description of the current state of the research, including gaps, on advanced practice nursing globally. We will include reviews that examine APNs, NPs or CNSs using recognized role definitions. We will search the CINAHL, EMBASE, Global Health, HealthStar, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library Database of Systematic Reviews and Controlled Trials Register, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Joanna Briggs Institute, and Web of Science electronic databases for reviews published from January 2011 onwards, with no restrictions on jurisdiction or language. We will search the grey literature and hand search the reference lists of all relevant reviews to identify additional studies. We will extract country, patient, provider, health system, educational, and policy/scope of practice data. We will assess the quality of each included review using the CASP criteria, and summarize their findings. This review of systematic reviews protocol was developed following the PRISMA-P recommendations.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42021278532.
Laboratory indicators of hypothyroidism and TgAA-positivity in the Eurasian dog breed
Authors: Schlipf Martina , Fischer Andrea , Patzl Martina , Hartmann Katrin , Pankraz Alexander , Dick Martina , Zablotski Yury , Küchenhoff Helmut , Wehner Astrid 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundHereditary hypothyroidism represents a concern for dog breeders; thus, surveillance programs have been established for several dog breeds.MethodsThyroid profiles (total thyroxine (TT4), thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)), and thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAA)) collected as part of a breed surveillance program in Eurasians (2009–2017) were retrospectively analyzed. The study included data from 1,501 Eurasians from a German breeding club. Classification was exclusively based on laboratory data. Hypothyroidism was defined as a combined decrease in TT4 and increase in TSH in serum and was classified as TgAA-positive and TgAA-negative hypothyroidism. Thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAA) independent of the concentrations of TT4 and TSH were determined. The overall prevalence of hypothyroidism, TgAA-positive hypothyroidism, TgAA-negative hypothyroidism and TgAA-positivity was assessed when the dogs entered the program. Follow-up laboratory data was available for 324 dogs without hypothyroidism on initial examination.ResultsThe initial screening was performed at a median age of 18 months (interquartile range (IQR): 15–29). The overall prevalence of hypothyroidism was 3.9% (n = 58; 95% CI: 2.9–4.8%) and the prevalence of a positive TgAA status was 7.9% (n = 118; 95% CI: 6.6–9.3%). The prevalence of TgAA-positive and TgAA-negative hypothyroidism was 1.7% (n = 26; 95% CI: 1.1–2.4%) and 2.1% (n = 32; 95% CI: 1.4–2.9%), respectively. 22.0% of dogs with positive TgAA status (26/118) were already hypothyroid on initial examination. Overall, 42.5% (17/40) of TgAA-positive dogs on initial examination developed hypothyroidism on follow-up.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrate that the Eurasian dog breed exhibits a relevant risk for hypothyroidism and presence of TgAA. The predictive value of TgAA for hypothyroidism or developing hypothyroidism was high in this breed. Further investigations with longitudinal studies in individual dogs are warranted.
Mental health problems and admissions to hospital for accidents and injuries in the UK military: A data linkage study
Authors: Chui Zoe , Leightley Daniel , Jones Margaret , Landau Sabine , McCrone Paul , Hayes Richard D. , Wessely Simon , Fear Nicola T. , Goodwin Laura 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Accidents are the most common cause of death among UK military personnel. It is a common misconception in the general public that accidental injuries are always the result of random events, however research suggests that mental health problems and the increased levels of risky behaviour in military personnel may play a role. The objective of this study was to further our understanding of injuries and deaths not related to deployment by examining the associations of mental health, alcohol misuse and smoking with inpatient admission to hospital for accidents and injuries, and attendance to accident and emergency (A&E) departments.

Methods
Data on all hospital admissions for accidents and injuries and A&E attendance at NHS hospitals in England, Scotland and Wales were linked to data on self-reported mental health problems, alcohol misuse and smoking from a large, representative UK military cohort of serving and ex-serving personnel (n = 8,602). Logistic regression was used to examine the associations between having a hospital admission for an accident or injury with self-reported mental health problems, alcohol misuse and smoking. Cox proportional-hazards regression was then conducted to assess the associations of mental health problems, alcohol misuse and smoking with time to hospital admission for an accident or injury. Finally, negative binomial regression was used to examine associations between the number of A&E attendances with mental health problems, alcohol misuse and smoking.

Results
Personnel reporting symptoms of common mental disorder (CMD) or probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were more likely to have an admission to hospital for an accident or injury (fully adjusted odds ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.84), than those who did not report these symptoms, and also had more attendances to A&E (fully adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.32, 95% CI 1.16–1.51). A&E attendances were also more common in personnel who were smokers (fully adjusted IRR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09–1.35) following adjustment for demographic, military and health characteristics.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that accidents and injuries among military personnel are not always random events and that there are health and behavioural factors, including poor mental health and smoking, which are associated (with small effect sizes) with an increased risk of being involved in an accident. Clinicians treating individuals attending hospital after an accident should consider their healthcare needs holistically, including issues related to mental health and health damaging behaviours.
Healthcare resource use and associated costs in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Spain: A retrospective analysis from the first to the third pandemic wave. EPICOV study
Authors: Drago Georgina , Pérez-Sádaba Francisco Javier , Aceituno Susana , Gari Carla , López-Belmonte Juan Luis 
Published: January 2023

Objectives
Describe healthcare resource use and costs per hospitalized coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patient during the three main outbreak waves.

Methods
A retrospective observational study. COVID-19 patient data were collected from a dataset from 17 hospitals in the HM Hospitals Group. Mean total costs per hospitalized patient and per day were estimated in each wave, as defined by the Spanish National Health System perspective. In addition, costs were estimated for both patients admitted and those not admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and were stratified by age groups.

Results
A total of 3756 COVID-19 patients were included: 2279 (60.7%) for the first, 740 (19.7%) for the second, and 737 (19.6%) for the and third wave. Most (around 90%) did not require ICU treatment. For those patients, mean ± SD cost per patient ranged from €10 196.1 ± €7237.2 (mean length of stay [LOS] ± SD: 9.7 ± 6.2 days) for the second wave to €9364.5 ± €6321.1 for the third wave (mean 9.0 ± 5.7 days). Mean costs were around €1000 per day for all the waves. For patients admitted to the ICU, cost per patient ranged from €81 332.5 ± €63 725.8 (mean 31.0 ± 26.3 days) for the second wave to €36 952.1 ± €24 809.2 (mean 15.7 ± 8.2 days) for the third wave. Mean costs per day were around €3000 for all the waves. When estimated by age, mean LOS and costs were greater in patients over 80 when not admitted to the ICU and for patients aged 60 to 79 when admitted to the ICU.

Conclusions
LOS was longer for patients admitted to the ICU (especially in the first two waves) and for older patients in our study cohort; these populations incurred the highest hospitalization costs.
Practice Patterns and Outcomes of Patients With Retained Gastric Food Content Encountered During Endoscopy
Authors: Lin Emily , Gao Yinglin , Wright Andrew , Kim John J. 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Retained gastric food content encountered during upper endoscopy may reduce diagnostic accuracy and increase the risk of aspiration. The aim of this study was to evaluate endoscopists' practice patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with retained gastric food content encountered during endoscopy.

METHODS:
Consecutive patients with retained gastric food content during first-time endoscopy at Loma Linda University Health (January 2016–March 2021) were identified. Primary endpoints were a complete examination (deep duodenal intubation) and 30-day postprocedural respiratory adverse events.

RESULTS:
Of 17,868 patients undergoing endoscopy, 629 (3.5%) (mean age 55 ± 17 years) met inclusion criteria. Moderate sedation was performed in 506 (80.4%), anesthesiologist-assisted sedation in 16 (2.5%), and general anesthesia in 107 (17.0%) patients. 534 (84.9%) patients received a complete examination, and endoscopist-specific completion rates varied by quintile among 26 endoscopists (range 70.3%–98.0%, P < 0.0001). Large food gastric content decreased (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.2–0.4) while obtaining mucosal biopsies increased (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4–4.7) the likelihood of complete examination after adjusting for endoscopist-specific completion rates. Subsequently, 58 (9.2%) patients required repeat endoscopy within 30 days. During follow-up, 41 (6.5%) patients developed respiratory adverse events including 21 (3.3%) requiring ventilatory support. Hospitalized patients (aOR 37.8, 95% CI 4.9–289.0) compared with outpatients and large compared with small gastric food content (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–4.2) increased the likelihood of respiratory adverse events.

DISCUSSION:
Although deep duodenal intubation was achieved in most patients receiving endoscopy, the rate of complete examination varied among individual endoscopists and the extent of food burden. Respiratory adverse events occurred almost exclusively in hospitalized patients and were associated with high morbidity including half developing respiratory failure.
Wpływ regionalnych wytycznych na aktywność gmin w zakresie monitorowania programów rewitalizacji na przykładzie województwa wielkopolskiego
Authors: Dziarmakowska Natalia 
Published: January 2023

Monitorowanie stanowi integralny element zarządzania programami rewitalizacji. Istota monitorowania podkreślona jest zarówno w literaturze przedmiotowej, jak i w dokumentach strategicznych na poziomie centralnym i regionalnym. Także zapisy programów rewitalizacji podkreślają kluczową rolę monitoringu dla skutecznego zarządzania procesem wdrażania programu. Liczne opracowania i raporty wskazują jednak na uchylanie się gmin od jego prowadzenia. Dokumenty sporządzone na poziomie centralnym zawierają wprawdzie wskazówki w odniesieniu do prowadzenia monitoringu i ewaluacji, mają one jednak dość ogólny charakter. W części województw ustanowione zostały regionalne wytyczne dotyczące prowadzenia rewitalizacji w ramach Regionalnych Programów Operacyjnych, które odnoszą się też do systemu monitorowania. Najbardziej szczegółowe zasady przyjęto w województwie wielkopolskim (Ciesiółka 2019). Wytyczne obligują samorządy terytorialne do monitorowania efektów programów rewitalizacji. Celem artykułu jest refleksja nad obowiązkiem monitorowania programów rewitalizacji, a także nad zakresem zbieranych danych i możliwością ich wykorzystania na poziomie regionalnym.
W opracowaniu wykorzystano analizę danych zastanych, metodę studium przypadku oraz wywiadu e-mailowego.
Metabolic responses to acute sprint interval exercise training performed after an oral 75‐gram glucose load in individuals with overweight/obesity
Authors: Carrillo‐Arango Hugo Alejandro , Atencio‐Osorio Miguel Alejandro , López‐Álban Carlos Alejandro , Nava‐González Edna J. , Correa‐Rodríguez María , Izquierdo Mikel , Ramírez‐Vélez Robinson 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere is evidence supporting that acute sprint interval training (SIT) might improve metabolic responses to postprandial glucose, but results are inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of acute SIT on metabolic response and substrate utilization in individuals with overweight/obesity after an oral 75‐gram glucose challenge. Thirty‐three participants with overweight/ obesity (32.7 ± 8.3 years, 24 male, 9 female) participated in the study and a crossover design was followed. After the 75‐gram glucose load, participants were randomly allocated to two groups: no exercise (resting) or SIT protocol. Metabolic data including respiratory quotient (RQ) and substrate utilization rates (fats and carbohydrates) were collected using the COSMED Q‐NRG + ® calorimeter. The RQ was significantly lower in the acute SIT group (0.76 [0.01];p < 0.0001) than in the resting group (0.80 [0.01];p = 0.036) at the 120‐min postprandial time point, and the RQ area under the curve (AUC) was also lower in the SIT group (mean difference of −6.62, 95% CI −12.00 to −1.24;p = 0.0161). The contribution of fat to energy expenditure increased after SIT during the postprandial period whereas the contribution of carbohydrates decreased. The AUC for fat contribution was significantly higher (mean difference 2311.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 578.8 to 4043.3;p = 0.0098) and the AUC for carbohydrate contribution was significantly lower (mean difference −2283.1, 95% CI −4040.2 to −527.1;p = 0.0117) in the SIT group than in the resting group. In conclusions, acute SIT might have a positive effect on metabolic responses to postprandial glucose and, accordingly, should be recommended for improving metabolism in people with overweight/obesity.
Effect of berrycactus fruit (Myrtillocactus geometrizans) on glutamate, glutamine, and GABA levels in the frontal cortex of rats fed with a high-fat diet
Authors: Sandoval-Salazar Cuauhtémoc , Jiménez-García Sandra Neli , Beltrán-Campos Vicente , Vera-Becerra Luz Elvia , Núñez-Colín Carlos Alberto 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In addition to the known metabolic alterations, obesity has consequences at the brain level, driving imbalance in neurotransmitters such as glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The consumption of fruits with antioxidant properties, such as the berrycactus Myrtillocactus geometrizans, could have beneficial effects in such an imbalance. The study objective was to evaluate frontal cortex neurotransmitter levels and weight changes in rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) and MG. To achieve that, five groups of Wistar rats received different diets for 24 weeks: standard diet (SDt), HFD, HFD + MG extract 150 mg (HMg150), HFD + MG extract 300 mg (HMg300), and HFD + MG extract 450 mg (HMg450); rats received MG extract for the last 4 weeks. Weight and food intake were recorded every week, and also neurotransmitter levels were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Groups fed with HFDs had increased Glu and Gln levels, decreased GABA, and also gained more weight compared to the SDt group; MG extract of 450 mg decreased Glu levels. Concentrations of 300 and 450 mg of MG extract decreased weight compared to the HFD and HMg150 groups. This study reports that HFDs have an impact on neurotransmitter levels and weight, MG extract showed a reduction in Glu concentration and weight.