bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Class A capsid assembly modulator RG7907 clears HBV-infected hepatocytes through core-dependent hepatocyte death and proliferation
Authors: Kum Dieudonné Buh , Vanrusselt Hannah , Acosta Sanchez Abel , Taverniti Valerio , Verrier Eloi R. , Baumert Thomas F. , Liu Cheng , Deval Jerome , Corthout Nikky , Munck Sebastian , Beigelman Leonid , Blatt Lawrence M. , Symons Julian A. , Raboisson Pierre , Jekle Andreas , Vendeville Sandrine , Debing Yannick 
Published: April 2023

Background and Aims:
Effective therapies leading to a functional cure for chronic hepatitis B are still lacking. Class A capsid assembly modulators (CAM-As) are an attractive modality to address this unmet medical need. CAM-As induce aggregation of the HBV core protein (HBc) and lead to sustained HBsAg reductions in a chronic hepatitis B mouse model. Here, we investigate the underlying mechanism of action for CAM-A compound RG7907.

Approach and Results:
RG7907 induced extensive HBc aggregation in vitro, in hepatoma cells, and in primary hepatocytes. In the adeno-associated virus (AAV)–HBV mouse model, the RG7907 treatment led to a pronounced reduction in serum HBsAg and HBeAg, concomitant with clearance of HBsAg, HBc, and AAV-HBV episome from the liver. Transient increases in alanine transaminase, hepatocyte apoptosis, and proliferation markers were observed. These processes were confirmed by RNA sequencing, which also uncovered a role for interferon alpha and gamma signaling, including the interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) pathway. Finally, the in vitro observation of CAM-A–induced HBc–dependent cell death through apoptosis established the link of HBc aggregation to in vivo loss of infected hepatocytes.

Conclusions:
Our study unravels a previously unknown mechanism of action for CAM-As such as RG7907 in which HBc aggregation induces cell death, resulting in hepatocyte proliferation and loss of covalently closed circular DNA or its equivalent, possibly assisted by an induced innate immune response. This represents a promising approach to attain a functional cure for chronic hepatitis B.
A CASE OF RETINAL ATHEROSCLEROTIC OXALOSIS DUE TO HYPEROXALURIA IN A PATIENT WITH SHORT GUT SYNDROME
Authors: Lee Stacey , Malbin Brett , Alfaro Cesar , Syeda Sarah , Lin Xihui 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
To describe a severe case of crystalline retinopathy secondary to hyperoxaluria from short gut syndrome.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 62-year-old Caucasian woman with short gut syndrome and end-stage renal disease from renal oxalosis presented with chronic bilateral vision loss. She had previously been treated for presumed occlusive vasculitis. Visual acuity on initial examination was 20/400 right eye and 20/100 left eye with an afferent pupillary defect of the right eye. Examination revealed attenuated retinal vasculature and diffuse crystalline infiltration of retinal arterial lumina and throughout the retinas bilaterally. Optical coherence tomography revealed inner retinal atrophy with crystalline deposition in the inner retinal layers. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated delayed vascular filling and dropout consistent with severe ischemic vasculopathy. It was concluded that the short-gut syndrome led to overabsorption of oxalate with subsequent hyperoxaluria leading to retinal atherosclerotic oxalosis.

Conclusion:
Retinal calcium oxalate deposits due to hyperoxaluria have been previously noted; however, this degree of severe retinal vascular infiltration has not been described. Our patient was receiving hemodialysis, which is associated with high rebound increases in systemic oxalate concentrations. It is important to keep hyperoxaluria in mind as a potential cause of retinopathy in patients with end-stage renal disease presenting with vision loss.
INCIDENCE OF AKREOS AO60 INTRAOCULAR LENS OPACIFICATION AFTER CONCURRENT OR SUBSEQUENT INTRAOCULAR OIL OR GAS USE
Authors: Padidam Sneha , Rougraff Nicholas , Melamud Alexander , Levinson Joshua D. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to report the incidence of opacification in a consecutive series of 10 eyes that underwent scleral-fixated Akreos AO60 placement with concurrent or subsequent contact with gas or silicone oil.

Methods:
This was a consecutive case series.

Results:
Three cases of intraocular lens (IOL) opacification were noted. Two cases of opacification occurred in patients who underwent subsequent retinal detachment repair with C3F8 and one with silicone oil. One patient underwent explanation of the lens because of visually significant opacification.

Conclusion:
Scleral fixation of the Akreos AO60 IOL is associated with risk of IOL opacification when exposed to intraocular tamponade. Although surgeons should consider the risk of opacification in patients at high risk of requiring intraocular tamponade, only 1 in 10 patients developed IOL opacification significant enough to require explantation.
RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM APERTURE PRECEDING COLLAPSE OF VASCULAR AND AVASCULAR PIGMENT EPITHELIAL DETACHMENTS SECONDARY TO AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
Authors: Girgis Jessica M. , Liu Yingna , Liang Michelle C. , Baumal Caroline R. , Duker Jay S. , Waheed Nadia K. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
To describe retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) aperture preceding the collapse of RPE detachments (RPEDs) in eyes with neovascular and nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods:
Medical records from five patients with RPE aperture associated with vascular and avascular RPEDs were reviewed between 2010 and 2021 at the New England Eye Center at Tufts Medical Center. Main outcome measures were analysis of RPE aperture characteristics and temporal course of RPED collapse.

Results:
Retinal pigment epithelium apertures were identified in six eyes from five women (mean age of 72.6 years). Two eyes had neovasacular AMD and four eyes had nonneovascular AMD. The RPE aperture initially appeared as a discontinuity at the apex of the RPED without rippling or retraction. Each aperture was associated with hypertransmission of optical coherence tomography signal into the choroid as well as hyperreflective foci. The mean time between the appearance of the RPE aperture and near-complete collapse of the RPED was 9 months. After RPED collapse, one eye developed choroidal neovascularization, three eyes progressed to geographic atrophy, one eye had recurrence of the RPED, and one eye remained unchanged.

Conclusion:
Retinal pigment epithelium aperture is a characteristic optical coherence tomography finding that can be observed in avascular or vascularized RPED secondary to AMD. Retinal pigment epithelium apertures precede RPED collapse, which are most likely to occur within 9 months of RPE aperture detection.
Slovenian Version of the Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale
Authors: Senica Nina , Aleksic Branko , Inada Toshiya , Iljes Anja Plemenitas , Zamuda Tilen , Kumperscak Hojka Gregoric 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Aim
The Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptom Scale (DIEPSS) is a multidimensional rating scale for the assessment of drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), developed in 1994. It is suitable for evaluating EPS considering the degree of influence EPS has on daily activities and the subjective distress that it causes.

Method
This study to evaluate the interrater and test-retest reliability of the DIEPSS Slovenian version conducted at the University Medical Center Maribor in Slovenia in November 2018.

Results
Six raters performed the interrater assessment of 135 DIEPSS video clips with recordings of patients with EPS. A second assessment was then performed by 2 raters to evaluate the test-retest reliability, which was high (interclass correlation coefficients from 0.743 to 0.936).

Conclusions
The results for the Slovenian language version of the DIEPSS show high interrater and test-retest reliability, with high concordance rates for all evaluated items (interclass correlation coefficient > 0.8).
Does the Implementation of Multidisciplinary Developmental Care Rounds Increase the Utilization of Developmental Caregiving Interventions in the Neonatal Unit?
Authors: Muirhead Renee , Bates Amanda 
Published: April 2023

Aims:
The aims of this project were to improve the utilization of developmental care practices in the neonatal unit and to increase opportunities for parental involvement in the planning and provision of caregiving.

Methods:
This implementation project was conducted in a 79-bed neonatal tertiary referral unit in Australia. A pre/postimplementation survey design was utilized. A preimplementation survey was conducted to collect data on staff's perceived perception of developmental care practices. Following analysis of the data, a process for multidisciplinary developmental care rounds was developed and then implemented across the neonatal unit. A postimplementation survey was then conducted to evaluate whether staff perceived any changes in developmental care practices. The project was conducted over 8 months.

Results:
A total of 97 surveys (pre: n = 46/post: n = 51) were received. Differences were demonstrated in staff's perceived perception of developmental care practices between the pre- and postimplementation periods in 6 themes of developmental care practice. Identified areas of improvement included the use of the 5-step dialogue, encouragement of parents to contribute to care planning, availability of a well-defined care plan for parents to visualize and document caregiving activities, increased use of swaddled bathing, side-lying position for nappy changes, consideration of infants sleep state before caregiving, and increased use of skin-to-skin therapy for management of procedural pain.

Conclusion:
Despite the majority of staff members who participated in both surveys acknowledging the importance of family-centered developmental care practice on neonatal outcomes, their use in clinical care is not always considered or practiced. Although it is reassuring to see improvements in several areas of developmental care postimplementation of the developmental care rounds, continued awareness and reinforcement of developmental neuroprotective caregiving strategies through initiatives such as a multidisciplinary care rounds are warranted.
Evaluation of Online Distant Synchronous Interprofessional Simulations
Authors: Perry Audrey , Andrighetti Tia 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Formative interprofessional education is an accreditation standard for health professional student populations. This study examined the perception of midwifery students and obstetrics and gynecology (OB-GYN) residents participating in distance synchronous interprofessional simulation.

Methods:
Students participated in an interprofessional simulation in an interactive video conferencing environment. Participants were midwifery students and OB-GYN residents from unaffiliated, geographically distant educational programs. Students' feedback was collected with a survey after the simulation session.

Results:
Eighty-six percent of midwifery students strongly agreed they felt better prepared for team-based care in future practice after the simulation, whereas 59% of OB-GYN students strongly agreed. Seventy-seven percent of midwifery students strongly agreed they were more clear on the scope of practice of the other profession after the simulation, whereas 53% of OB-GYN students strongly agreed. Eighty-seven percent of midwifery students and 74% of OB-GYN residents strongly agreed the distance synchronous simulation was a positive learning experience.

Discussion:
This study demonstrated that midwifery students and OB-GYN residents valued the experience of distance synchronous interprofessional education. Most learners reported feeling better prepared for team-based care and gained a better understanding of each other's scope of practice. Distance synchronous simulations can increase midwifery students' and OB-GYN residents' access to interprofessional education.
Home monitoring in asthma: towards digital twins
Authors: Drummond David , Roukema Jolt , Pijnenburg Mariëlle 
Published: April 2023

Purpose of review
We highlight the recent advances in home monitoring of patients with asthma, and show that these advances converge towards the implementation of digital twin systems.

Recent findings
Connected devices for asthma are increasingly numerous, reliable and effective: new electronic monitoring devices extend to nebulizers and spacers, are able to assess the quality of the inhalation technique, and to identify asthma attack triggers when they include a geolocation function; environmental data can be acquired from databases and refined by wearable air quality sensors; smartwatches are better validated. Connected devices are increasingly integrated into global monitoring systems. At the same time, machine learning techniques open up the possibility of using the large amount of data collected to obtain a holistic assessment of asthma patients, and social robots and virtual assistants can help patients in the daily management of their asthma.

Summary
Advances in the internet of things, machine learning techniques and digital patient support tools for asthma are paving the way for a new era of research on digital twins in asthma.
Overcoming social appearance anxiety among children affected by congenital physical differences
Authors: de Reviers Béatrice , de Vries Herman 
Published: April 2023

Purpose of review
How can we effectively help children with congenital physical differences and their parents in adapting to their situation and overcome social appearance anxiety? How can we improve their self-efficacy in social situations and relationships, as well as increase their self-esteem and self-confidence, which are foundations of assertiveness?

Recent findings
Several studies have examined the coping skills variability between children. Researchers have attempted to identify the discriminating factors of these differences. Standardized programmes combining Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Social Skills Training (SST) have been developed, but recent studies question their effectiveness. Research is now focusing on third-wave CBT that is promoted actively despite insufficient evidence.

Summary
Close examination of the mechanisms by which children develop social appearance anxiety shows that exposure and assertiveness training are key therapeutic tools. As with any other type of social anxiety, exposure allows these children to experience and learn positive, value-enhancing social relationships, in spite of their differences. SST creates a well tolerated exposure environment for whichever kind of curiosity the child may encounter. Therapeutic support requires continued individualized readjustment and a complete understanding of the child's personal history, the complex system in which they are developing, and the mechanisms involved. We suggest to formulate for each child a personalized ‘Global Theory’, which integrates history and detailed functional analyses.
Nursing Practices and Sensitive Outcomes Related to Peripheral Intravenous Catheterization in Portugal
Authors: Santos-Costa Paulo , Paiva-Santos Filipe , Sousa Liliana B. , Bernardes Rafael A. , Ventura Filipa , Salgueiro-Oliveira Anabela , Parreira Pedro , Vieira Margarida , Graveto João 
Published: April 2023

Implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) is essential for ensuring high-quality nursing care. In Portugal, nurses are responsible for care delivery to patients who require peripheral intravenous access. However, recent authors emphasized the predominance of a culture based on outdated professional vascular access practices in Portuguese clinical settings. Thus, the aim of this study was to map the studies conducted in Portugal on peripheral intravenous catheterization. A scoping review was conducted based on the Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations, with a strategy adapted to different scientific databases/registers. Independent reviewers selected, extracted, and synthesized the data. Of the 2128 studies found, 26 were included in this review, published between 2010 and 2022.
Previous research shows that Portuguese nurses' implementation of EBP was found to be relatively low overall, while most studies did not attempt to embed EBP change into routine care. Although nurses are responsible for implementing EBP at an individual patient level, the studies conducted in Portugal report nonstandardized practices among professionals, with significant deviations from recent evidence. This reality, combined with Portugal's absence of government-endorsed evidence-based standards for peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) insertion and treatment and vascular access teams, may explain the country's unacceptably high incidence of PIVC-related complications reported over the last decade.
Challenges with Breastfeeding
Authors: Mahurin-Smith Jamie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background and Significance:
Breastfeeding problems are common; however, health care providers vary widely in their ability to address them effectively.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to identify the relative frequencies of common breastfeeding challenges and their associations with maternal well-being.

Study Design and Methods:
Women completed an online survey in which they described breastfeeding problems. Factor analysis was used to identify problems that co-occurred frequently, as well as the problems most strongly associated with maternal distress, maternal perceptions of greater severity, and postpartum depression or postpartum anxiety.

Results:
There were 535 responses to the online survey; of these, 457 answered the question about the nature of their breastfeeding difficulties. Pain with breastfeeding was the most common breastfeeding problem. Difficulties with milk supply and milk intake were most strongly associated with heightened maternal distress and perceptions of severity.

Clinical Implications:
Coordinated care for breastfeeding dyads, in which providers acknowledge the complex and reciprocal nature of many breastfeeding problems, has the potential to improve maternal satisfaction with breastfeeding as well as breastfeeding metrics.
The Role of Nurses in Fetal Cardiology Programs
Authors: Butler Mary , McArthur Erin C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
Fetal cardiology programs are evolving quickly and include multiple interdisciplinary health care professionals whose roles could benefit from clear definition. Nurses provide an essential function in this field; however, descriptions or definitions of nursing practice, education and knowledge requirements, and responsibilities are limited and vary across institutions and disciplines.

Purpose:
To conduct an integrative review summarizing the literature to determine the role of nurses in fetal cardiology programs.

Methods:
We conducted an integrative review as per Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) methodology of current literature to reveal strengths and opportunities in describing nursing practice as fetal cardiology nurses. The search strategy included five electronic databases: CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Peer-reviewed English-language articles discussing nursing practices in fetal cardiology published between 2015 and 2022 were selected. Data extraction and analysis were completed on a final sample of 26 articles.

Results:
Four themes were identified on fetal cardiac nursing practice from nursing and medical perspectives: multidisciplinary key team member, psychosocial family support and counselor, coordinator or navigator, and role description.

Clinical Implications:
More discussion in the literature is needed to better understand and define fetal cardiac nursing practice. Although most experts agree nurses are an important member of the interdisciplinary fetal cardiology team, their roles and educational requirements are poorly described and defined. Quality metrics and benchmarks are needed to ensure safe and effective fetal cardiology care.
Psychometric Testing of a Tool to Assess Midwifery Clinical Educator Skill Acquisition
Authors: Sebach Aaron M. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Midwifery clinical educators balance expertise in clinical practice and academia.

Purpose:
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess midwifery clinical educator skill acquisition and psychometric properties of the Academic Clinical Nurse Educator Skill Acquisition Tool (ACNESAT) with midwifery clinical educators.

Methods:
A convenience sample of 143 educators completed the 40-item ACNESAT aligned with the National League for Nursing academic clinical nurse educator competencies.

Results:
Participants reported extreme confidence overall with ACNESAT items (M = 168.99, SD = 23.61), highest confidence with Ensures Safe Care is Delivered by Learners in the Clinical Setting (M = 4.51, SD = 0.659), and lowest with Applies Theory to Clinical Practice During Clinical Nursing Education Experiences (M = 4.01, SD = 0.934).

Conclusions:
Academic leaders are empowered to utilize the ACNESAT to personalize clinical educator orientation programs with targeted professional development activities.
Calcified Chondroid Mesenchymal Neoplasm
Authors: Kallen Michael E. , Michal Michael , Meyer Anders , Suster David I. , Olson Nicholas J. , Charville Gregory W. , Perret Raul , Gross John M. 
Published: April 2023

Calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm is a term proposed for tumors with a spectrum of morphologic features, including cartilage/chondroid matrix formation, that frequently harbor FN1 gene fusions. We report a series of 33 cases of putative calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasms, mostly referred for expert consultation out of concern for malignancy. Patients included 17 males and 16 females, with a mean age of 51.3 years. Anatomic locations include the hands and fingers, feet and toes, head and neck, and temporomandibular joint; 1 patient presented with multifocal disease. Radiologic review showed soft tissue masses with variable internal calcification, which occasionally scalloped bone but in all cases appeared indolent/benign. Tumors had a mean gross size of 2.1 cm and a homogenous rubbery to fibrous/gritty tan-white cut surface. Histology demonstrated multinodular architecture with a prominent chondroid matrix and increased cellularity towards the periphery of the nodules. The tumor cells were polygonal with eccentric nuclei and bland cytologic features and showed a variable amount of increased spindled / fibroblastic forms in the perinodular septa. The majority of cases had notable grungy and/or lacy calcifications. A subset of cases demonstrated at least focal areas of increased cellularity and osteoclast-like giant cells. Herein, we confirm the distinct morphologic and clinicopathologic features associated with this entity with the largest series to date, with a focus on practical diagnostic separation from similar chondroid neoplasms. Awareness of these features is critical in avoiding pitfalls, including a malignant diagnosis of chondrosarcoma.