bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of fatigue failure and energy characteristics of rock exposed to complicated stress disturbance paths: Cyclic stress amplitude effect
Authors: Wang Yu , Cao Zhaohui , Mao Tianqiao , Li Peng , Cai Meifeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo deeply reveal the differences in geomechanical responses of rock during mining exposed to complicated stress disturbance of excavation unloading and cyclic loading conditions, cyclic triaxial fatigue loads with four cyclic stress amplitude (CSA) (60, 100, 130, and 160 MPa) were performed on deeply buried rock. Results show that rock deformation, energy evolution, and failure modes are all influenced by the CSA. Additionally, it is found that all the strain energy increases with increasing CSA during rock failure. Especially, the dissipated energy increases greatly at the confining stress unloading stage (CSUS) than the fatigue loading stage (FLS), indicating the influence of unloading on rock damage accumulation. Moreover, a damage evolution model reflecting a first slow and then quick increase pattern was established using the dissipated energy. Finally, a transition failure mode from the dominant tensile‐shear to pure shear is found. It is suggested that much more energy needs to be consumed to induce shear cracks than tensile cracks.
Effects of Nb/TiC/TaC/VC and Co addition on the microstructure and properties of WC‐based cemented carbides
Authors: Zhai Xinxuan , Lu Kuihu , Peng Chong , Ning Yangjin , Liu Shutong , Zhao Yucheng , Zou Qin , Wang Mingzhi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA series of WC‐based cemented carbides with Nb/TiC/TaC/VC and Co was prepared through spark plasma sintering (SPS) at a low sintering temperature of 1300°C, and their microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated. The nonstoichiometric multicomponent carbide Nb/TiC/TaC/VC with a rock‐salt structure () has a high atomic solution capacity. In the sintering process, partial WC and Co may dissolve in Nb/TiC/TaC/VC. With a high concentration of carbon vacancies, Nb/TiC/TaC/VC plays a beneficial role as a mass transfer intermediary. Good mass transfer facilitates the formation of a more accommodating and stable bonding between WC, Nb/TiC/TaC/VC, and Co, thereby preserving the hardness of the sintered bulks and preventing the initiation and propagation of cracks. When 6 wt.% Nb/TiC/TaC/VC and 4 wt.% Co are added to WC, the sintered bulk with fine grains exhibits superior hardness (23.27 ± .63 GPa) and toughness (10.45 ± .56 MPa·m1/2).
Quantitative diagnostic algorithm using endocytoscopy for superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors
Authors: Kubo Marina , Ono Shoko , Yokota Isao , Matsumoto Shogo , Nishimura Yusuke , Ono Masayoshi , Yamamoto Keiko , Sakamoto Naoya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimOptical biopsy using endocytoscopy for superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs) is practical; however, a diagnostic algorithm has not been established. The aim of this study was to determine correlations of endocytoscopic findings of SNADETs with histology using computer analysis and to establish an algorithm.MethodsEndocytoscopic images and histological images of duodenal lesions from 70 patients were retrospectively collected. The numbers of glands and densely stained areas with methylene blue (DSMs) per 1 mm2 and the percentage of DSMs per screen in endocytoscopy were determined. Moreover, correlations in DSMs and glands between endocytoscopy and histological images were analyzed. Histopathological diagnoses were assessed according to the revised Vienna classification. The primary outcome was correlation between the number of glands in endocytoscopy and that in histology. Finally, a diagnostic algorithm for endoscopic intervention of SNADETs with a statistical program command was established.ResultsThe number of glands in endocytoscopic images was correlated with that in histopathological images (ρ 0.64, P < 0.001). There were significant differences in the mean number of glands between category 4/5 and category 3 (P = 0.03) and the mean percentage of DSMs between category 4/5 and category 1 (P < 0.001). When the cutoffs for the number of glands and percentage of DSMs were set at 47 per 1 mm2 and 20.8% in one screen, respectively, the area under the ROC curve was 0.89.ConclusionsEndocytoscopic images of SNADETs reflect histopathological atypia, and computer analysis provides a practical diagnostic algorithm for endoscopic intervention.
Efficacy and safety of oxymetazoline for the treatment of rosacea: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Fei , Zhou Qiujun , Wang Hui , Fu Hongyang , Li Yuanyuan , Tao Maocan , Luo Hongbin , Cao Yi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundSince there is currently no conclusion on the efficacy and adverse effects of oxymetazoline, this meta‐analysis attempts to explore its efficacy and adverse events, so as to provide guidance for clinical medication.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the database to May 2021. We included studies that patients were randomly assigned to receive oxymetazoline or vehicle, and we excluded duplicate publications, research without full text, incomplete information or inability to conduct data extraction, animal experiments, reviews, and systematic reviews. STATA 15.1 was used to analyze the data.ResultsThe pooled results show that the 3 (RR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.53–2.03), 6 (RR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.47–2.00), 9 (RR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.40–1.90), 12 (RR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.18–1.67) ‐hours CEA success rate and the 3 (RR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.34–2.03), 6 (RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.43–2.14), 9 (RR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.33–2.00), 12 (RR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.45–2.18) ‐hours SSA success rate after oxymetazoline treatment for rosacea is significantly higher than that of vehicle. Additionally, the pooled results show that the incidence of TEAEs after treatment with oxymetazoline is significantly higher than that of vehicle (RR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.10–1.2). However, our analysis of specific adverse events found that the oxymetazoline group was only significantly higher than the vehicle group in the incidence of application‐site dermatitis (RR = 8.91, 95% CI: 1.76–45.23), and there was no statistical significance in the difference in the incidence of other adverse events.ConclusionOxymetazoline is effective and can be selected for the treatment of persistent facial erythema of rosacea. Additionally, application‐site dermatitis was the most important one.
Hyaluronic acid‐based fillers in patients with autoimmune inflammatory diseases
Authors: Pieretti Gorizio , Rafaniello Concetta , Fraenza Federica , Donniacuo Maria , Cuomo Roberto , Lanzano Giuseppe , Ciccarelli Feliciano , Capuano Annalisa , Nicoletti Gianfranco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe use of hyaluronic acid (HA)‐based aesthetic therapies is growing steadily, and according to the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, more than 4.3 million aesthetic procedures using HA were performed in 2019, an increase of 15.7% than 2018. More people are offering these types of services, often without proper training or qualifications. Therefore, there is an increasing number of reports in the literature relating to possible adverse events, with subsequent therapeutic problems and more or less serious consequences for patients. The aim of this research is to carry out a review of the literature in order to evaluate the impact of hyaluronic acid‐based fillers in patients with autoimmune inflammatory diseases, in particular scleroderma and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Although HA plays a central role in the inflammatory process, the use of HA‐based fillers in patients with autoimmune inflammatory diseases is still controversial. HA, in fact, in inflamed tissues helps to propagate the inflammatory response and, injected in the form of a dermal filler, could potentially promote reactivation of the underlying disease. For this reason, many specialists do not perform HA‐based aesthetic treatments in patients with scleroderma or SLE. However, recent scientific evidence suggests that the use of HA‐based fillers in patients with scleroderma can lead to improvement of skin lesions, with satisfactory results. In the literature, there are no clinical studies that contraindicate the administration of HA‐based dermal fillers in patients with inflammatory disease.
Circulating and/or cutaneous irisin resistance: A novel link among androgenetic alopecia, comorbid metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risks
Authors: Dawoud Noha M. , Dawoud Marwa M. , El Hefnawy Sally M. , Abdellatif Hayam A. , Abdellatif Naglaa H. , Gaafar Sara S. , Seleit Iman 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common cause of hair loss in both genders that may be associated with disturbed systemic metabolism. Irisin is a hormone‐like myokine that greatly influences systemic metabolism and is linked to cardiovascular diseases.AimTo detect irisin role in AGA and its associated metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular risk.Patients/MethodsThis case–control study included 44 AGA patients of both genders and 22 healthy individuals. Serum irisin level was measured using ELISA and scalp biopsy was taken to detect irisin immunohistochemically. Carotid Doppler ultrasonography was performed to measure carotid intima media thickness (CIMT).ResultsHigher serum irisin was significantly detected in AGA patients (p ˂ 0.001), and in males (p = 0.01) particularly severe cases (p ˂ 0.001). It was significantly higher in AGA patients presenting with MetS and those suffering from dyslipidemia (p ˂ 0.001 for both). Multivariate regression analysis proved BMI (p = 0.01) and serum irisin (p = 0.02) as independent predictors of CIMT abnormality among AGA patients. Regarding cutaneous irisin expression, the epidermal H‐score was significantly higher in AGA patients with MetS compared to those without (p = 0.04). Epidermal H‐score ˃100 was significantly associated with male gender (p = 0.05), severe AGA (p = 0.02), MetS (p = 0.03), dyslipidemia (p = 0.03), and abnormal CIMT (p = 0.03).ConclusionHigh serum irisin and upregulated epidermal irisin expression are associated with the incidence of MetS, dyslipidemia, and CIMT abnormality among AGA patients. This may indicate resistance to irisin, which hinders its favorable cardiometabolic actions. Further studies are warranted to investigate the concept of irisin resistance in AGA patients, which was uniquely discussed in the present study.
Incidence, temporal profile and neuroanatomic correlates of poststroke epilepsy
Authors: Winder Klemens , Bobinger Tobias , Seifert Frank , Mrochen Anne , Haupenthal David , Knott Michael , Dörfler Arnd , Hilz Max J. , Schwab Stefan , Fröhlich Kilian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe relationship between ischemic stroke site and occurrence of poststroke epilepsy (PSE) is incompletely understood. This study intended to evaluate incidence and temporal profiles of seizures and to correlate ischemic lesion sites with PSE using voxel‐based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM).MethodsPatients with imaging‐confirmed first‐ever ischemic stroke without prior history of epilepsy were prospectively included. Demographic data, cardiovascular risk factors, and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores were assessed. Data on seizures and modified Rankin scale scores were determined within a 90‐day period after stroke onset. Ischemic lesion sites were correlated voxel wise with occurrence of PSE using nonparametric permutation test. Age‐ and sex‐matched patients with first‐ever ischemic strokes without PSE after 90 days served as controls for the VLSM analysis.ResultsThe stroke database contained 809 patients (mean age: 68.4 ± 14.2 years) with first‐ever imaging‐confirmed ischemic strokes without history of epilep. Incidence of PSE after 90‐day follow‐up was 2.8%. Five additional patients were admitted to the emergency department with a seizure after 90‐day follow‐up. Fifty percent of the seizures occurred in the acute phase after stroke. PSE patients had higher NIHSS scores and infarct volumes compared to controls without PSE (p < .05). PSE patients had infarcts predominantly involving the cerebral cortex. The hemisphere‐specific VLSM analysis shows associations between PSE and damaged voxels in the left‐hemispheric temporo‐occipital transition zone.ConclusionsThe data indicate that PSE occurs in a small proportion of patients with rather large ischemic strokes predominantly involving the cerebral cortex. Especially patients with ischemic lesions in the temporo‐occipital cortex are vulnerable to develop PSE.
The LRP5 high‐bone‐mass mutation causes alveolar bone accrual with minor craniofacial alteration
Authors: Turkkahraman Hakan , Flanagan Shannan , Zhu Tianli , Bellido Teresita M. , Yuan Xue 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveMutations in low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 5 (LRP5) cause various bone diseases. Several mouse models were generated to study the role of LRP5 in bone development. But most of the studies were confined to the appendicular skeleton. The role of LRP5 in the axial skeleton, especially in the craniofacial skeleton, is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the craniofacial phenotype with the LRP5G171V mutation.MethodsTo understand how LRP5 affects craniofacial bone properties, we analyzed LRP5 high‐bone‐mass mutant mice carrying the G171V missense mutation (LRP5HBM). Quantitative microcomputed tomographic imaging and histomorphometric analyses were used to study craniofacial phenotypes and bone density. Histology, immunohistochemistry, and in vivo fluorochrome labeling were used to study molecular mechanisms.ResultsLRP5HBM mice showed overall minor changes in the craniofacial bone development but with increased bone mass in the interradicular alveolar bone, edentulous ridge, palatine bone, and premaxillary suture. Elevated osteocyte density was observed in LRP5HBM mice, along with increased Runx2 expression and unmineralized bone surrounding osteocytes. Meanwhile, LRP5HBM mice exhibited increased osteoprogenitors, but no significant changes were observed in osteoclasts. This led to a high‐bone‐mass phenotype, and an increased osteocyte density in the alveolar bone and edentulous ridge.ConclusionLRP5HBM mice display increased bone mass in the alveolar bone with minor changes in the craniofacial morphology. Collectively, these data elucidated the important role of LRP5 in axial bone development and homeostasis and provided clues into the therapeutical potential of LRP5 signaling in treating alveolar bone loss.
Role of CXCR5+CD8+ T cells in human hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Zhou Juan , He Xiaojing , Ou Yangjing , Peng Shuang , Li Dan , Zhou Qing , Fu Jingli , Long Yunzhu , Tan Yingzheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe replication of HBV in hepatocytes can be effectively inhibited by lifelong antiviral therapy. Because of the long‐term presence of HBV reservoirs, the virus rebound frequently occurs once the treatment is stopped, which poses a considerable obstacle to the complete removal of the virus. In terms of gene composition, regulation of B cell action and function, CXCR5+CD8+ T cells are similar to CXCR5+CD4+ T follicular helper cells, while these cells are characterized by elevated programmed cell death 1 and cytotoxic‐related proteins. CXCR5+CD8+T cells are strongly associated with progression in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In addition, CXCR5 expression on the surface of CD8+ T cells is mostly an indicator of memory stem cell‐like failure in progenitor cells in cancer that are more responsive to immune checkpoint blocking therapy. Furthermore, the phenomena have also been demonstrated in some viral infections, highlighting the duality of the cellular immune response of CXCR5+CD8+ T cells. This mini‐review will focus on the function of CXCR5+CD8+ T cells in HBV infection and discuss the function of these CD8+ T cells and the potential of associated co‐stimulators or cytokines in HBV therapeutic strategies.
How vulnerable are Wular Lake fishing communities compared to non‐fishing communities in rural Kashmir? Insights and interventions for development
Authors: Atufa Regu , Ananthan Pachampalayam Shanmugam , Argade Shivaji Dadabhau , Qureshi Neha Wajahat 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWular Lake, one of the largest wetlands in Asia (13,000 ha in Kashmir Valley) is a biodiversity‐rich Ramsar site supporting nearly 32,000 rural people involved in harvesting fish, water chestnuts, lotus stems and fodder. With 2914 active fishers, Wular Lake contributes 54% of Kashmir's total fish catch. Large‐scale land‐use changes and global warming have resulted in siltation, reduced lake area and alterations in the water flow regime, threatening lake ecology and human livelihoods. A novel census‐based multi‐criteria Socio‐Economic Vulnerability Index (SEVI) was used to assess the vulnerability status of 23 fishing and 115 non‐fishing adjacent villages. All the fishing villages exhibited ‘low’ (0.21–0.40) vulnerability levels, exceptKunasvillage (0.42). Interestingly, no significant differences could be found in vulnerability levels between fishing (23) and non‐fishing (115) villages, although the former exhibited relativelyhighersocial sensitivity. A graphical decision matrix based on sensitivity and adaptive capacity scores provided a snapshot of vulnerability status for each village. Using SEVI scores,drivers(i.e., key indicators responsible for high sensitivity & low adaptive capacity) were identified and corresponding village‐specific development interventions are suggested withKunasas an illustrative case village. Improving education levels, strengthening community and rural infrastructure, and expanding livelihood options were key short‐term strategies for improving resilience in Kashmir's Wular region.
The ever‐increasing necessity of mass spectrometry in dissecting protein post‐translational modifications catalyzed by bacterial effectors
Authors: Jin Jie , Yuan Yi , Xian Wei , Tang Zhiheng , Fu Jiaqi , Liu Xiaoyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProtein post‐translational modifications (PTMs), such as ADP‐ribosylation and phosphorylation, regulate multiple fundamental biological processes in cells. During bacterial infection, effector proteins are delivered into host cells through dedicated bacterial secretion systems and can modulate important cellular pathways by covalently modifying their host targets. These strategies enable intruding bacteria to subvert various host processes, thereby promoting their own survival and proliferation. Despite rapid expansion of our understanding of effector‐mediated PTMs in host cells, analytical measurements of these molecular events still pose significant challenges in the study of host–pathogen interactions. Nevertheless, with major technical breakthroughs in the last two decades, mass spectrometry (MS) has evolved to be a valuable tool for detecting protein PTMs and mapping modification sites. Additionally, large‐scale PTM profiling, facilitated by different enrichment strategies prior to MS analysis, allows high‐throughput screening of host enzymatic substrates of bacterial effectors. In this review, we summarize the advances in the studies of two representative PTMs (i.e., ADP‐ribosylation and phosphorylation) catalyzed by bacterial effectors during infection. Importantly, we will discuss the ever‐increasing role of MS in understanding these molecular events and how the latest MS‐based tools can aid in future studies of this booming area of pathogenic bacteria–host interactions.
Gummy stem blight: One disease, three pathogens
Authors: Seblani Rewa , Keinath Anthony P. , Munkvold Gary 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGummy stem blight (GSB) is a major disease of cucurbits worldwide. It is caused by three fungal species that are morphologically identical and have overlapping geographic and host ranges. Controlling GSB is challenging due to the lack of resistant cultivars and the pathogens' significant ability to develop resistance to systemic fungicides. The causal agent of GSB is recognized as a complex of three phylogenetically distinct species belonging to domain Eukaryota, kingdom Fungi, phylum Ascomycota, subphylum Pezizomycotina, class Dothideomycetes, subclass Pleosporomycetida, order Pleosporales, family Didymellaceae, genus Stagonosporopsis, species cucurbitacearum, citrulli, and caricae. Pycnidia are tan with dark rings of cells around the ostiole measuring 120–180 μm in diameter. Conidia are 6–13 μm long, hyaline, cylindrical with round ends, and non‐ or monoseptate. Pseudothecia are black and globose in shape and have a diameter of 125–213 μm. Ascospores are 14–18 × 4–6 μm long, hyaline, ellipsoidal with round ends, and monoseptate with a distinct constriction at the septum. Eight ascospores are found per ascus. The upper end of the apical cell is pointed, whereas the lower end of the bottom cell is blunt. Species‐specific PCR primers that can be used in a multiplex conventional PCR assay are available. The GSB species complex is pathogenic to 37 species of cucurbits from 21 different genera. S. cucurbitacearum and S. citrulli are specific to cucurbits, while S. caricae is also pathogenic to papaya and babaco‐mirim (Vasconcellea monoica), a related fruit. Under favourable environmental conditions, symptoms can appear 3–12 days after spore germination. Leaf spots often start at the leaf margin or extend to the margins. Spots expand and coalesce, resulting in leaf blighting. Active lesions are typically water‐soaked. Cankers are observed on crowns, main stems, and vines. Red to amber gummy exudates are often seen on the stems after cankers develop on cortical tissue.
Invasive fusariosis in acute leukaemia patients—An outbreak in the haematology ward
Authors: Mohorea‐Neata Andreea‐Lacramioara , Ghita Mihaela Camelia , Moroti Ruxandra , Ghiaur Alexandra , Ionescu Bogdan , Tatic Aurelia , Stancioaica Maria Camelia , Bardas Alexandru , Al‐Hatmi Abdullah , Coriu Daniel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFusarium, a common fungus, emerges as a pathogen in severely immunocompromised patients. We present a series of patients who developed invasive fusariosis (IF) during admission to an acute leukaemia ward: an outbreak of 12 cases in June and July 2018, followed by four sporadic cases until 2021. No case was reported earlier. All patients were clustered in the same location with indoor air and water installations found to be contaminated with Fusarium spp. thus a nosocomial outbreak was assumed. Following the water installation replacement, the number of Fusarium cases dramatically dropped to one or two isolated instances per year in the same location. All 16 patients had acute leukaemia and developed IF during severe neutropenia following induction therapy. IF diagnosis was based on positive blood cultures (14 patients) and/or on tissue biopsies (3 patients). The median time from admission to the IF onset was 20 days, and from the first day of severe neutropenia (≤500/mm3) was 11.5 days. All patients were febrile, eight had moderate‐to‐severe myalgias, eight had respiratory involvements: lung lesions and/or sinusitis and seven had characteristic skin lesions. Follow‐up: 12 out of 16 (75%) were alive on Day 90; nine out of 15 (60%) were alive on Month 6. All with intractable neutropenia died. In severely neutropenic febrile patients, the triad of respiratory involvement/skin lesions/severe myalgia may suggest Fusarium aetiology. The ability to recover from neutropenia is critical to surmount IF. The indoor environment in immunocompromised dedicated settings must be constantly controlled.