bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-Sided Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for the Analysis of Skin Thickness and Collagen Structure in Scarred and Healthy Skin
Authors: Shilliday Ella R. , Lam Brenda , Chen Jingsi , Fear Mark , Johns Michael L. , Stanwix Paul L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMonitoring of skin scar thickness and structural properties is desirable when assessing the efficacy of the healing process. In this work, we report the use of single-sided, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for the analysis of the thickness and collagen structure of healthy and scarred skin. Acquisition of T2 relaxation profiles was proven to provide quantification of porcine skin thickness as accurate as standard histological techniques. Subsequent analysis of human participants highlighted the utility of this technique for identifying different types of scar and in identifying differences between the thickness of moderate hypertrophic scars and healthy skin. Using bead packings as a model system, determination of the surface-to-volume (S/V) ratio and tortuosity (k) was successfully measured on the single-sided apparatus based on time-resolved diffusion analysis. Application of this method to human skin was able to detect regional differences in collagen structures, consistent with qualitative expectations. It was also able to differentiate between healthy and scarred skin tissue. Preliminary results indicated that scarred tissue exhibited decreased S/V ratios and tortuosities, which is coherent with the formation of less-aligned collagen within scar tissue and indicated the potential for this technique to differentiate scar types. This novel application of single-sided low-field NMR has the potential to be deployed in clinical settings for the differentiation of scar types and for the assessment and monitoring of skin scarring and healing.
Is there sufficient evidence for the association between executive dysfunction and academic performance in adolescents with major depressive disorder?: a systematic review
Authors: Urbańska-Grosz Justyna , Walkiewicz Maciej , Sitek Emilia J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdult depression, undoubtedly associated with executive dysfunction, leads to poor work performance. As depression in adolescents may have a negative impact on school performance, we aimed to analyse the possible relationship between selected executive deficits and academic performance. Executive dysfunctions may have more severe consequences on school performance at high school, as this stage of education requires engagement in long-term goals, whether writing an essay or preparing for an exam. Whilst inhibitory control is necessary at all educational stages, it seems that planning and decision-making play a greater role in high school than in primary school. We reviewed studies on executive functions conducted in adolescents diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) to establish the possible relationship between executive processes and school performance in depressed adolescents. The search identified 5 studies addressing planning and decision-making in adolescents with MDD, but none of those studies reported educational achievement. We identified a considerable gap in the research on the functional impact of depression in adolescents. Identifying the link between specific executive deficits and school performance could guide tailored therapeutic interventions.
Simulating all archetypes of SQL injection vulnerability exploitation using reinforcement learning agents
Authors: Sommervoll Åvald Åslaugson , Erdődi László , Zennaro Fabio Massimo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractVulnerabilities such as SQL injection represent a serious challenge to security. While tools with a pre-defined logic are commonly used in the field of penetration testing, the continually evolving nature of the security challenge calls for models able to learn autonomously from experience. In this paper we build on previous results on the development of reinforcement learning models devised to exploit specific forms of SQL injection, and we design agents that are able to tackle a varied range of SQL injection vulnerabilities, virtually comprising all the archetypes normally considered by experts. We show that our agents, trained on a synthetic environment, perform a transfer of learning among the different SQL injections challenges; in particular, they learn to use their queries to efficiently gain knowledge about multiple vulnerabilities at once. We also introduce a novel and more versatile way to interpret server messages that reduces reliance on expert inputs. Our simulations show the feasibility of our approach which easily deals with a number of homogeneous challenges, as well as some of its limitations when presented with problems having higher degrees of uncertainty.
The Interplay Between Supply Chain Transparency and NGO Pressure: A Quantitative Analysis in the Fashion Industry Context
Authors: Schäfer Naemi , Petersen Lars , Hörisch Jacob 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCompanies have been experiencing increasing pressure from NGOs to overcome unethical and unsustainable behaviours. The purpose of this research was to study the interplay between supply chain transparency and NGO pressure. The analysis builds on the literature on supply chain transparency and institutional pressures. We conducted a time-lagged, multi-level regression analysis that included data from 270 fashion companies over a 5-year period to investigate the effect of NGO pressure on transparency and vice versa. The results revealed that companies with higher levels of transparency are more likely to be pressured by NGOs than less transparent companies. Furthermore, our findings show that, depending on the number of campaigns, NGO power and communication about campaigns, NGO pressure can either stimulate corporate transparency or turn into a negative effect that leads to lower levels of transparency.
Acculturation Timing among Newcomer and more Experienced Immigrant Youth: The Role of Language Use in Ethnic Friendship Homophily
Authors: Titzmann Peter F. , Aumann Lara , Lee Richard M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe usage of the new language is a crucial aspect in immigrant youth adaptation. However, despite substantial inter- and intraindividual variability and dynamic changes, language usage has been studied primarily with a focus on static interindividual differences. This study utilized a recently introduced Temporal Model of Acculturative Change to test associations between language acquisition and friendship homophily. More specifically, three concepts were tested: pace (individual rate of change), relative timing (the deviation from peers with similar length of residence), and transition timing (preparedness for the relocation). Data comprised a three-wave-longitudinal sample of 820 ethnic German adolescents from Eastern European States who immigrated to Germany (Mage = 16.1, 57% girls). Results revealed, particularly among recent immigrant adolescents, that transition timing predicted earlier relative acculturation timing in language usage and that early relative timing in language usage predicted levels and change rates in friendship homophily (over and above acculturation pace and the actual level of language usage). Findings highlight the need to better understand the dynamics in acculturation processes of immigrant youth.
On mKdV and associated classes of moving boundary problems: reciprocal connections
Authors: Rogers Colin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA class of Stefan-type moving boundary problems for the canonical modified Korteweg–de Vries (mKdV) equation of soliton theory is solved via application of a similarity reduction to Painlevé II which involves Airy’s equation. A reciprocal transformation is applied to derive a linked class of solvable moving boundary problems for a basic Casimir member of a compacton hierarchy. Application of a class of involutory transformations with origin in an autonomisation procedure for the Ermakov–Ray–Reid system is then used to isolate novel solvable moving boundary problems for Ermakov-modulated mkdV equations.
Efficiency decomposition for multi-level multi-components production technologies
Authors: Peyrache Antonio , Silva Maria C. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses the efficiency measurement of firms composed by multiple components, and assessed at different decision levels. In particular it develops models for three levels of decision/production: the subunit (production division/process), the DMU (firm) and the industry (system). For each level, inefficiency is measured using a directional distance function and the developed measures are contrasted with existing radial models. The paper also investigates how the efficiency scores computed at different levels are related to each other by proposing a decomposition into exhaustive and mutually exclusive components. The proposed method is illustrated using data on Portuguese hospitals. Since most of the topics addressed in this paper are related to more general network structures, avenues for future research are proposed and discussed.
Performative reference
Authors: Assadian Bahram , Sbardolini Giorgio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReference may be fixed by stipulation through a speech act, just like bets and marriages. An utterance of Let n refer to an/the F is a speech act by means of which, if successful, a speaker institutes a practice of referring, and a hearer coordinates by choosing a referent from the domain of discourse. We articulate a metasemantics for this view. On our view, the interlocutors can select a referent randomly, if necessary, motivated by the incentive to coordinate on the use of a name. Moreover, we argue that reference fixed by a performative speech act is ‘thin’, or ‘undemanding’. Finally, we defend the thesis that co-reference might not determinately obtain despite reference being fixed. Performative reference makes sense of ordinary speakers’ practices, who appear to be very liberal and unimpressed by skepticism toward causally inert or epistemically indiscernible objects.
Comparison of the effects of the GPIIb-IIIa antagonist Zalunfiban and the P2Y12 antagonist Selatogrel on Platelet Aggregation
Authors: Curry Benjamin J. , Rikken A.O.F. Sem , Gibson C. Michael , Granger Christopher B. , van ‘t Hof Arnoud W.J. , ten Berg Jurriën M. , Jennings Lisa K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the pharmacodynamic effects of platelet inhibitors is standard for developing more effective antithrombotic therapies. An example is the antithrombotic treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), in particular ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients who are in need for rapid acting strong antithrombotic therapy despite the use of aspirin and oral P2Y12-inhibitors. In this study, we evaluated two injectable platelet inhibitors under clinical development (the P2Y12 antagonist selatogrel and the GPIIb-IIIa antagonist zalunfiban) that may be amenable to pre-hospital treatment of STEMI patients. Platelet reactivity was assessed at inhibitor concentrations that represent clinically relevant levels of platelet inhibition (IC20-50%, 1/2Cmax, and Cmax). Light transmission aggregometry (LTA), was used to evaluate the initial rate of aggregation (primary slope, PS) and maximal aggregation (MA). Both adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin receptor agonist peptide (TRAP) were used as agonists. Zalunfiban demonstrated similar inhibition of platelet aggregation when blood was collected in PPACK or TSC, whereas selatogrel demonstrated greater inhibition in PPACK. In this study, using PPACK anticoagulant, selatogrel and zalunfiban affected PS in response to ADP equivalently at all drug concentrations tested. In contrast, zalunfiban had significantly greater potency at its Cmax concentration compared to selatogrel using TRAP as agonist. Upon evaluation of MA responses at lower doses, selatogrel had greater inhibition of MA in response to ADP than zalunfiban; however, at concentrations that represent Cmax, the drugs were equivalent. Zalunfiban also had greater inhibition of MA in response to TRAP at the Cmax dose. These data suggest that zalunfiban may provide greater protection in reducing thrombus formation than selatogrel, especially since thrombin is an early, key primary agonist in the pathophysiology of thrombotic events.
Personalization matters: the effect of sex in multivitamin-multimineral-based cancer prevention
Authors: Šelb Julij , Cvetko Filip , Deutsch Leon , Bedrač Leon , Kuščer Enej , Maier Andrea Britta 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe prevention of non-communicable diseases like cancer contributes to healthy aging. Dietary supplements might support such prevention; their effect likely depends on the personal characteristics of the individuals receiving them. To evaluate the influence of sex on reducing cancer incidence with multivitamin-multimineral (MVM) supplementation, sex-specific results of the efficacy of MVM supplementation for cancer prevention were collected and meta-analyzed (using fixed effect (FE) and random effect (RE) models). Three trials included in the “US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement Report regarding Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer” were used, namely, COSMOS, SU.VI.MAX, and PHS2. A total of 28,558 men and 20,542 women were included. Multivitamin-multimineral supplementation significantly reduced cancer incidence in the entire population (HR 0.93 [95% CI, 0.88–0.99], FE and RE); sex-specific meta-analysis showed beneficial effects of supplementation in men (HR 0.91 [95% CI, 0.85–0.97] (FE)/0.88 [95% CI, 0.77–1.01] (RE)); however, there was no effect in women (HR 1.00 [95% CI, 0.88–1.14], FR and RE); (Pdifference = 0.17). Sex could influence the effect of MVM supplementation in reducing cancer incidence, with supplementation being effective only in male individuals. These results might be informative for future research and public health policy makers.
A cGAN-based network for depth estimation from bronchoscopic images
Authors: Guo Lu , Nahm Werner 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Depth estimation is the basis of 3D reconstruction of airway structure from 2D bronchoscopic scenes, which can be further used to develop a vision-based bronchoscopic navigation system. This work aims to improve the performance of depth estimation directly from bronchoscopic images by training a depth estimation network on both synthetic and real datasets.

Methods
We propose a cGAN-based network Bronchoscopic-Depth-GAN (BronchoDep-GAN) to estimate depth from bronchoscopic images by translating bronchoscopic images into depth maps. The network is trained in a supervised way learning from synthetic textured bronchoscopic image-depth pairs and virtual bronchoscopic image-depth pairs, and simultaneously, also in an unsupervised way learning from unpaired real bronchoscopic images and depth maps to adapt the model to real bronchoscopic scenes.

Results
Our method is tested on both synthetic data and real data. However, the tests on real data are only qualitative, as no ground truth is available. The results show that our network obtains better accuracy in all cases in estimating depth from bronchoscopic images compared to the well-known cGANs pix2pix.

Conclusions
Including virtual and real bronchoscopic images in the training phase of the depth estimation networks can improve depth estimation’s performance on both synthetic and real scenes. Further validation of this work is planned on 3D clinical phantoms. Based on the depth estimation results obtained in this work, the accuracy of locating bronchoscopes with corresponding pre-operative CTs will also be evaluated in comparison with the current clinical status.
Multimodal, Idiographic Ambulatory Sensing Will Transform our Understanding of Emotion
Authors: Hoemann Katie , Wormwood Jolie B. , Barrett Lisa Feldman , Quigley Karen S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEmotions are inherently complex – situated inside the brain while being influenced by conditions inside the body and outside in the world – resulting in substantial variation in experience. Most studies, however, are not designed to sufficiently sample this variation. In this paper, we discuss what could be discovered if emotion were systematically studied within persons ‘in the wild’, using biologically-triggered experience sampling: a multimodal and deeply idiographic approach to ambulatory sensing that links body and mind across contexts and over time. We outline the rationale for this approach, discuss challenges to its implementation and widespread adoption, and set out opportunities for innovation afforded by emerging technologies. Implementing these innovations will enrich method and theory at the frontier of affective science, propelling the contextually situated study of emotion into the future.
Black Power, Raw Soul, and Race in Ghana
Authors: Okuda Alison 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the late 1960s, Ghanaians joined the global conversation about Black Power. Despite the absence of President Nkrumah and attempts to dampen local interest in radical political movements, young Ghanaian students, musicians, and audience members were well informed of the global implications of white supremacy. Okuda examines how Ghanaians expanded the legacy of Black Power into an African context, seizing opportunities to connect with African Americans via popular media, exchange programs, and soul music to show their solidarity with the fight against racist policies and practices abroad and to stay vigilant against neo-imperialism at home.
The coming perfect storm: Diminishing sustainability of coastal human–natural systems in the Anthropocene
Authors: Day John W. , Hall Charles A. , Klitgaard Kent , Gunn Joel D. , Ko Jae-Young , Burger Joseph R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We review impacts of climate change, energy scarcity, and economic frameworks on sustainability of natural and human systems in coastal zones, areas of high biodiversity, productivity, population density, and economic activity. More than 50% of the global population lives within 200 km of a coast, mostly in tropical developing countries. These systems developed during stable Holocene conditions. Changes in global forcings are threatening sustainability of coastal ecosystems and populations. During the Holocene, the earth warmed and became wetter and more productive. Climate changes are impacting coastal systems via sea level rise, stronger tropical cyclones, changes in basin inputs, and extreme weather events. These impacts are passing tipping points as the fossil fuel-powered industrial-technological-agricultural revolution has overwhelmed the source–sink functions of the biosphere and degraded natural systems. The current status of industrialized society is primarily the result of fossil fuel (FF) use. FFs provided more than 80% of global primary energy and are projected to decline to 50% by mid-century. This has profound implications for societal energy requirements, including the transition to a renewable economy. The development of the industrial economy allowed coastal social systems to become spatially separated from their dominant energy and food sources. This will become more difficult to maintain with the fading of cheap energy. It seems inevitable that past growth in energy use, resource consumption, and economic growth cannot be sustained, and coastal areas are in the forefront of these challenges. Rapid planning and cooperation are necessary to minimize impacts of the changes associated with the coming transition. There is an urgent need for a new economic framework to guide society through the transition as mainstream neoclassical economics is not based on natural sciences and does not adequately consider either the importance of energy or the work of nature.
The Cultural Underground of Decolonization
Authors: Seck Fatoumata 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe African liberation movements and the early phases of nation-building on the continent, intertwined with the Cold War and the global student movement, left behind an array of textual, visual, and sonic traces that circulated through underground and clandestine networks across Africa and beyond. These cultural products, which include materials in African languages, remain marginalized in studies of African history and arts. This article posits the cultural underground of decolonization in Africa as a productive category for historical and literary inquiry and argues that exploring the literary and aesthetic aspects of this archive offers other ways of knowing and temporal epistemes important for the reconsideration of aesthetics, politics, and histories in and of Africa. I explore poems and songs from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cameroon, and Senegal to show how they provide avenues for a renewed engagement with decolonization and revolution.
Toward a Historical Sociology of Canonization: Comparing the Development of Sociological Theory in the English-, German-, and French-Language Contexts since the 1950s
Authors: Guzman Cinthya , Silver Daniel , Döpking Lars , Underwood Lukas , Parker Sébastien 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper adds to a vital international tradition of discussing the history of sociological theory by empirically investigating its structure, dynamics, and relationships. Our primary contribution to this tradition is to bring to the conversation a greater level of comparative and historical scope, a more systematic quantitative methodology, and a degree of reflexivity and synthesis. To do so, we examine some 670 editions of sociological-theory books geared toward students, published in English, German, and French between 1950 and 2020. Our empirical analysis highlights patterns, trends, and relationships among the theorists featured in these books, the narratives and approaches that define their visions of sociological theory, and the characteristics of the authors who wrote them. Our findings reveal some key intellectual as well as sociological factors associated with the changing composition of the canon.
Algorithmic State Violence: Automated Surveillance and Palestinian Dispossession in Hebron's Old City
Authors: Goodfriend Sophia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article provides an ethnographic account of automated surveillance technologies' impact in the occupied West Bank, taking Blue Wolf—a biometric identification system deployed by the Israeli army—as a case study. Interviews with Palestinian residents of Hebron subjected to intensive surveillance, a senior Israeli general turned biometric start-up founder, and testimonies from veterans tasked with building up Blue Wolf's database provide a rare view into the uneven texture of life under algorithmic surveillance. Their narratives reveal how automated surveillance systems function as a form of state-sponsored terror. As a globalized information economy intersects with the eliminatory aims of Israeli settler colonialism in Hebron, new surveillance technologies erode Palestinian social life while allowing technocratic settlers to recast the violence of occupation as an opportunity for capital investment and growth. Attending to the texture of life under algorithmic surveillance in Hebron ultimately reorients theories of accumulation and dispossession in the digital age away from purely economistic framings. Instead, I foreground the violent political imperatives that drive innovations in surveillance, in Palestine and worldwide.