bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of metal artefact reduction on the diagnosis of contact between implant and mandibular canal in cone beam computed tomography: An ex‐vivo study
Authors: de Freitas Bruna Neves , da Motta Raphael Jurca Gonçalves , Pauwels Ruben , Oliveira‐Santos Christiano , Tirapelli Camila 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of metal artefact reduction (MAR) in the diagnosis of dental implant contact with the mandibular canal (MC) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).MethodsDental implants were installed with surgical guides in the posterior hemiarches of 10 dry human mandibles: 0.5 mm above to the MC cortex (G1/n = 8) and 0.5 mm inside the MC (G2/n = 10). The experimental set‐up was scanned with two CBCT equipment using 85 kV and 90 kV, MAR ON or OFF, and different tube currents (4 mA, 8 mA and 10 mA). Two dentomaxillofacial radiologists (DMFRs) and two dentists (DDS) scored the relation between the dental implant and MC. Descriptive statistics were used to observe the absolute frequency of scores. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated considering the known relation between the dental implant and the MC interior. McNemar's test (α = .05) was applied to compare the diagnostic efficacy of MAR ON versus MAR OFF.ResultsOverall specificity was higher than sensitivity for both DDS and DMFR (97% vs. 50% and 92.0% vs. 78.0% respectively). There was a significant effect of MAR (p = .031) for DMFR in the case of contact between the dental implant with the MC interior, in which sensitivity decreased with MAR activation from 90% to 40%. DMFR observers showed a better diagnostic performance compared with the DDS observers (accuracy of 84.0% and 71.0%, respectively).ConclusionsDue to the limited efficacy of MAR, it should not be used when conducting CBCT scans for the evaluation of contact between the implant and the mandibular canal.
Differential expression of genes controlling lymphocyte differentiation and migration in two distinct endotypes of type 1 diabetes
Authors: Torabi Forough , Vadakekolathu Jayakumar , Wyatt Rebecca , Leete Pia , Tombs Melissa A. , Richardson Carolyn C. , Boocock David J. , Turner Mark D. , Morgan Noel G. , Richardson Sarah J. , Christie Michael R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsMorphological studies of pancreas samples obtained from young people with recent‐onset type 1 diabetes have revealed distinct patterns of immune cell infiltration of the pancreatic islets suggestive of two age‐associated type 1 diabetes endotypes that differ by inflammatory responses and rates of disease progression. The objective of this study was to investigate whether these proposed disease endotypes are associated with pathological differences in immune cell activation and cytokine secretion by applying multiplexed gene expression analysis to pancreatic tissue from recent‐onset type 1 diabetes cases.MethodsRNA was extracted from samples of fixed, paraffin‐embedded pancreas tissue from type 1 diabetes cases characterised by endotype and from controls without diabetes. Expression levels of 750 genes associated with autoimmune inflammation were determined by hybridisation to a panel of capture and reporter probes and these were counted as a measure of gene expression. Normalised counts were analysed for differences in expression between 29 type 1 diabetes cases and 7 controls without diabetes, and between the two type 1 diabetes endotypes.ResultsTen inflammation‐associated genes, includingINS,were significantly under‐expressed in both endotypes and 48 genes were more highly expressed. A different set of 13 genes associated with the development, activation and migration of lymphocytes was uniquely overexpressed in the pancreas of people developing diabetes at younger age.ConclusionsThe results provide evidence that histologically defined type 1 diabetes endotypes differ in their immunopathology and identify inflammatory pathways specifically involved in disease developing at a young age, essential for a better understanding of disease heterogeneity.
Relationship between body weight change and glycaemic control with tirzepatide treatment in people with type 2 diabetes: A post hoc assessment of the SURPASS clinical trial programme
Authors: Pedersen Sue D. , Giorgino Francesco , Umpierrez Guillermo , Thieu Vivian T. , Rodríguez Angel , Nicolay Claudia , Fernández Landó Laura , Karanikas Chrisanthi A. , Kiljanski Jacek 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the relationship between HbA1c and body weight reductions with tirzepatide treatment (5, 10 or 15 mg).Materials and MethodsHbA1c and body weight data at 40 weeks (SURPASS‐1, ‐2 and ‐5) and 52 weeks (SURPASS‐3 and ‐4) were analysed by trial.ResultsAcross the SURPASS clinical trials, HbA1c reductions from baseline were observed in 96%‐99%, 98%‐99% and 94%‐99% of participants treated with tirzepatide 5, 10 and 15 mg, respectively. Moreover, 87%‐94%, 88%‐95% and 88%‐97% of participants, respectively, experienced weight loss associated with HbA1c reductions. Statistically significant associations (correlation coefficients ranging from 0.1438 to 0.3130 across studies; P ≤ .038) between HbA1c and body weight changes were observed with tirzepatide in SURPASS‐2, ‐3, ‐4 (all doses) and ‐5 (tirzepatide 5 mg only).ConclusionsIn this post hoc analysis, consistent reductions in both HbA1c and body weight were observed in most participants treated with tirzepatide at doses of 5, 10 or 15 mg. A statistically significant but modest association between HbA1c and body weight change was observed in SURPASS‐2, SURPASS‐3 and SURPASS‐4, suggesting that both weight‐independent and weight‐dependent mechanisms are responsible for the tirzepatide‐induced improvement in glycaemic control.
Mobile health technology integrated care in atrial fibrillation patients with diabetes mellitus in China: A subgroup analysis of the mAFA‐II cluster randomized clinical trial
Authors: Guo Yutao , Corica Bernadette , Romiti Giulio Francesco , Proietti Marco , Zhang Hui , Lip Gregory Y. H. ,   the mAF‐App II Trial Investigators
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Mobile Health Technology for Improved Screening and Optimized Integrated Care in AF (mAFA‐II) prospective randomized trial showed the efficacy of a mobile health (mHealth) implemented ‘Atrial fibrillation Better Care’ (ABC) pathway for the integrated care management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). In this ancillary analysis, we evaluated the effect of mAFA intervention according to the history of diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsThe mAFA‐II trial enrolled 3324 AF patients across 40 centres in China, between June 2018 and August 2019. In this analysis, we assessed the interaction between history of DM and the effect of mAFA intervention on the risk of the primary composite outcome of stroke, thromboembolism, all‐cause death and rehospitalizations. Results were expressed as adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The effect of mAFA intervention on exploratory secondary outcomes was also assessed.ResultsOverall, 747 (22.5%) patients had DM (mean age: 72.7 ± 12.3, 39.6% females; 381 allocated to mAFA intervention). mAFA intervention was associated with a significant risk reduction for the primary composite outcome both in patients with and without DM (aHR [95%CI]: .36 [.18–.73] and .37 [.23–.61], respectively, p for interaction = .941). A significant interaction was found only for the composite of recurrent AF, heart failure and acute coronary syndromes (pint =.025), with lower effect of mAFA intervention in patients with DM.ConclusionsA mHealth‐technology implemented ABC pathway showed a consistent effect in reducing the risk of the primary composite outcome in AF patients with and without DM.Trial RegistrationWHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) Registration number: ChiCTR‐OOC‐17014138.
Novel equid papillomavirus from domestic donkey
Authors: Ikechukwu Chukwudozie Kingsley , Qin Kailin , Zhang Han , Pan Jiamin , Zhang Wen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPapillomaviruses can be of great medical importance as they infect humans and animals such as Equus species, other livestock and pets. They are responsible for several papillomas and benign tumours in their host.ObjectivesTo describe a novel equid papillomavirus detected in oral swab samples collected from donkeys (Equus asinus) found on the Northwest plateau of China.Study designCross‐sectional.MethodsSwab samples collected from the oral mucosa of 32 donkeys in the Gansu Province of China, were subjected to viral metagenomic analysis to detect the presence of Papillomavirus. After de novo assembly, a novel papillomavirus genome designated as Equus asinus papillomavirus 3 (EaPV3) was identified in the studied samples. Additional bioinformatic analysis of the assembled genome was done using the Geneious prime software (version 2022.0.2).ResultsThe complete circular genome of EaPV3 is 7430 bp in length with a GC content of 50.8%. The genome was predicted to contain five ORFs coding for three early proteins (E7, E1, and E2) and two late proteins (L1 and L2). Phylogenic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the concatenated amino acid sequences of the E1E2L1L2 genes revealed that EaPV3 is most closely related to Equus asinus papillomavirus 1 (EaPV1). The genome analysis of EaPV3 revealed similar genome organisation with other equine papillomavirus and the presence of E7 papillomavirus oncoprotein.Main limitationsSince there were no warts in the oral cavity of the donkeys in this study, and no biopsy samples taken, we are unable to conclusively link the novel virus to any clinical condition in the donkeys.ConclusionsThe Comparative characterisation of EaPV3 and its closest relatives, as well as phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that it is a novel virus specie that clusters within the Dyochipapilloma PV genus.
Interstate migration‐based social networks and M&A decisions
Authors: Lee Suin , Pantzalis Christos , Park Jung Chul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcquisition decisions and outcomes are found to be associated with the availability of interstate migration‐based social networks. The likelihood of bidders pursuing targets headquartered in migration sending states increases with these social networks’ size, in particular when (a) targets are in the same industry, (b) migration networks span distant states, and (c) targets are small. We also find smaller takeover premia and higher acquirer announcement returns in interstate transactions involving large migration networks. Our collective evidence is consistent with the notion that both enhanced expected synergies and information advantages may drive acquirers’ propensity to choose targets from migration sending states.
Synchronous and asynchronous online collaborative writing: A study on Chinese language learners
Authors: Zhang Meixiu , Liu Qi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite the solid evidence that online collaborative writing (CW) tasks benefit language learning, little is known about whether the computer‐mediated communication (CMC) modality may impact the potential of online CW tasks in foreign language classrooms. This study examined the effect of task modality on the utility of CW tasks in language classrooms. Fourteen Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) learners completed Google Docs‐based CW tasks in two modalities: A synchronous CMC modality entailing video‐chatting in Zoom and an asynchronous CMC modality where learners interacted in Google Docs with delayed time. Through analyzing multiple data sources (i.e., peer interaction, written products, editing logs, interviews), we found that, while CMC modality did not impact writing performance, CFL learners had more language learning opportunities and more positive learning experiences in the synchronous mode than in the asynchronous one. The findings revealed multiple challenges that require attention when implementing asynchronous CW tasks in teaching.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular basis of anti‐predation defence in Daphnia pulex simultaneously responding to Microcystis aeruginosa
Authors: Huang Yuan , Lu Na , Yang Tingting , Yang Jiajun , Gu Lei , Yang Zhou 
Published: May 2023

Abstract1. The influence of cyanobacteria on interspecies interactions has received growing attention as a predictor of aquatic ecosystem function. It is well‐known that cyanobacteria greatly affect predator‐induced phenotypic plasticity in planktonic animals. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear.2. Here, we used Daphnia pulex as a model organism for inducible defence, examining its morphological and life‐history responses to fish kairomone while feeding on 100% Chlorella pyrenoides, or while feeding on 70% Chlorella and either microcystin‐producing or ‐free Microcystis aeruginosa, separately. Transcriptome profiles of kairomone‐exposed D. pulex fed different types of food were detected using RNA‐seq. How the differentially expressed genes and pathways identified are responsible for the altered adaptive traits under Microcystis stress was discussed.3. Daphnia pulex fed 100% Chlorella matured at a smaller body size, elongated tail spine length, and produced smaller offspring as adaptive morphological and reproductive responses to fish kairomone. These anti‐predation defences entailed a cost in decreased somatic growth rate. Microcystis stress caused defence trade‐offs in both morphology and reproduction: reduction of body size at maturity was stronger whereas tail spine elongation was unchanged or inhibited. Given that reproductive investment was reduced overall in Daphnia exposed to fish kairomones, there was a trade‐off for unchanged offspring size by reducing offspring number in Daphnia fed Microcystis. Defence‐induced costs to growth were increased by Microcystis exposure.4. Transcriptome analysis revealed that neuronal signals including acetylcholine and glutamate signalling implicated in kairomone reception and/or transmission exhibited stronger responses under Microcystis stress. Cuticle development associated with the biosynthesis of wax esters and chitin, modification of lipo‐chitin saccharides, and the stability of collagen triple helix apparently participated in the morphological changes. The arachidonic acid pathway and biosynthesis of cholesterol and steroid hormones mediated altered reproductive performance. In addition, metabolic processes such as detoxification, food assimilation, lysosome dysfunction and apoptosis activation were involved in the survival and growth of Daphnia, which may contribute to the increased defence‐induced cost in growth when fed Microcystis.5. Taken together, these findings advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying anti‐predation defensive responses by Daphnia to cyanobacterial stress. This work also provides a reference for further exploring the functional genes that mediate zooplankton–fish coevolution dynamics under eutrophic conditions.
Deepened snow cover increases grassland soil carbon stocks by incorporating carbon inputs into deep soil layers
Authors: Deng Meifeng , Li Ping , Liu Weixing , Chang Pengfei , Yang Lu , Wang Zhenhua , Wang Jing , Liu Lingli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClimate‐induced changes in snow cover can greatly impact winter soil microclimate and spring water supply. These effects, in turn, can influence plant and microbial activity and the strength of leaching processes, potentially altering the distribution and storage of soil organic carbon (SOC) across different soil depths. However, few studies have examined how changes in snow cover will affect SOC stocks, and even less is known about the impact of snow cover on SOC dynamics along soil profiles. By selecting 11 snow fences along a 570 km climate gradient in Inner Mongolia, covering arid, temperate, and meadow steppes, we measured plant and microbial biomass, community composition, SOC content, and other soil parameters from topsoil to a depth of 60 cm. We found that deepened snow increased aboveground and belowground plant biomass, as well as microbial biomass. Plant and microbial carbon input were positively correlated with grassland SOC stocks. More importantly, we found that deepened snow altered SOC distribution along vertical soil profiles. The increase in SOC caused by deepened snow was much greater in the subsoil (+74.7%; 40–60 cm) than that in the topsoil (+19.0%; 0–5 cm). Additionally, the controls on SOC content under deepened snow differed between the topsoil and subsoil layers. The increase in microbial and root biomass jointly enhanced topsoil C accumulation, while the increase in leaching processes became critical in promoting subsoil C accumulation. We conclude that under deepened snow, the subsoil had a high capacity to sink C by incorporating C leached from the topsoil, suggesting that the subsoil, originally thought to be climate insensitive, could have a higher response to precipitation changes due to vertical C transport. Our study highlights the importance of considering soil depth when assessing the impacts of snow cover changes on SOC dynamics.
FloPy Workflows for Creating Structured and Unstructured MODFLOW Models
Authors: Hughes Joseph D. , Langevin Christian D. , Paulinski Scott R. , Larsen Joshua D. , Brakenhoff David 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFloPy is a Python package for creating, running, and post‐processing MODFLOW‐based groundwater flow and transport models. FloPy functionality has expanded to support the latest version of MODFLOW (MODFLOW 6) including support for unstructured grids. FloPy can simplify the process required to download MODFLOW‐based and other executables for Linux, MacOS, and Windows operating systems. Expanded FloPy capabilities include (1) full support for structured and unstructured spatial discretizations; (2) geoprocessing of spatial features and raster data to develop model input for supported discretization types; (3) the addition of functionality to provide direct access to simulated output data; (4) extension of plotting capabilities to unstructured MODFLOW 6 discretization types; and (5) the ability to export model data to shapefiles, NetCDF, and VTK formats for processing, analysis, and visualization by other software products. Examples of using expanded FloPy capabilities are presented for a hypothetical watershed. An unstructured groundwater flow and transport model, with several advanced stress packages, is presented to demonstrate how FloPy can be used to develop complicated unstructured model datasets from original source data (shapefiles and rasters), post‐process model results, and plot simulated results.
An increasing trend of gastric cancer deaths and inadequate preventive measures in elderly adults
Authors: Matsushima Rumiko , Matsushima Shouji , Kobayashi Masanobu , Fujimori Kenji , Sakamoto Naoya , Asaka Masahiro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundJapan became the world's first country to cover Helicobacter pylori eradication for chronic gastritis under its National Health Insurance (NHI) system in February 2013. Thereafter, H. pylori eradication dramatically increased and gastric cancer deaths began to decrease in Japan. However, the details of gastric cancer deaths and its prevention in the very elderly have not been fully elucidated.MethodsWe analyzed the temporal trend of gastric cancer deaths referencing data from Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare reports and “Cancer Statistics in Japan–2021” and assessed the numbers of H. pylori test and gastric cancer screening using a national database and a report of cancer screening in Shimane Prefecture, respectively.ResultsAlthough gastric cancer deaths in total population have clearly decreased since 2013, those in people aged 80 years and older are still increasing. People aged 80 years and older represent 9% of the total population and accounted for half of all gastric cancer deaths in 2020. The numbers of H. pylori eradication and gastric cancer screening in people aged 80 years and older were 25% and 25% of those in other generations, respectively.ConclusionIn spite of a dramatic increase in H. pylori eradication and a clear decrease in gastric cancer deaths in Japan, gastric cancer deaths in people aged 80 years and older are increasing. This might be due to fewer H. pylori eradication in the elderly than in other generations, indicating the difficulty of gastric cancer prevention in the very elderly.
Risk of hospitalization for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Helicobacter pylori eradicated patients newly started on warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Jiang Fang , Ju Chengsheng , Guo Chuan‐Guo , Cheung Ka Shing , Li Bofei , Law Simon Y. K. , Lau Wallis C. Y. , Leung Wai K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate risks of hospitalization for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in H. pylori‐eradicated patients newly started on warfarin or direct oral anti‐coagulants (DOACs).MethodsWe identified all patients who had previously received H. pylori eradication therapy or were found to have no H. pylori on endoscopy and were then newly started on warfarin or DOACs from a population‐based electronic healthcare database. Primary analysis was the risk of UGIB between warfarin and DOACs users in H. pylori‐eradicated patients. Secondary analysis included the UGIB risk between H. pylori‐eradicated and H. pylori‐negative patients who were newly started on warfarin or DOACs. The hazard ratio (HR) of UGIB was approximated by pooled logistic regression model incorporating the inverse propensity of treatment weightings with time‐varying covariables.ResultsAmong H. pylori‐eradicated patients, DOACs had a significantly lower risk of UGIB (HR: 0.26, 95% CI 0.09–0.71) compared with warfarin. In particular, lower UGIB risks with DOACs were observed among older (≥65 years) patients, female, those without a history of UGIB or peptic ulcer, or ischemic heart disease, and non‐users of acid‐suppressive agents or aspirin. Secondary analysis showed no significant difference in UGIB risk between H. pylori‐eradicated and H. pylori‐negative patients newly started on warfarin (HR: 0.63,95% CI 0.33–1.19) or DOACs (HR: 1.37, 95% CI 0.45–4.22).ConclusionsIn H. pylori‐eradicated patients, new users of DOACs had a significantly lower risk of UGIB than new warfarin users. Furthermore, the risk of UGIB in new warfarin or DOACs users was comparable between H. pylori‐eradicated and H. pylori‐negative patients.
Income elasticity of demand and stock market beta
Authors: Bhadra Madhusmita , Kim Doyeon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSystematic risk, or beta, measures stock price variability in the overall stock market. A considerable body of literature focuses on estimating beta. To the best of our knowledge, there is, however, a lack of definitive research on the impact of income elasticity of demand on stock market beta. This study is the first to examine this relationship using 659 publicly traded firms from 47 industries in South Korea from 2001 to 2020. To estimate the value of the stock market beta, we employ an econometric model with a fixed effects‐two stage least squares approach and use industry concentration as an instrumental variable to deal with the endogeneity problem in the estimation. The overall objective of this study is to investigate the influence of income elasticity of demand on stock market beta.