bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA editing of microtubule-associated protein tau circular RNAs promotes their translation and tau tangle formation
Authors: Welden Justin Ralph , Margvelani Giorgi , Arizaca Maquera Karol Andrea , Gudlavalleti Bhavani , Miranda Sardón Sandra C , Campos Alexandre Rosa , Robil Noémie , Lee Daniel C , Hernandez Alvaro G , Wang Wang-Xia , Di Jing , de la Grange Pierre , Nelson Peter T , Stamm Stefan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein tau characterizes tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-Tau). Gene expression regulation of tau is complex and incompletely understood. Here we report that the human tau gene (MAPT) generates two circular RNAs (circRNAs) through backsplicing of exon 12 to either exon 7 (12→7 circRNA) or exon 10 (12→10 circRNA). Both circRNAs lack stop codons. The 12→7 circRNA contains one start codon and is translated in a rolling circle, generating a protein consisting of multimers of the microtubule-binding repeats R1–R4. For the 12→10 circRNA, a start codon can be introduced by two FTLD-Tau mutations, generating a protein consisting of multimers of the microtubule-binding repeats R2–R4, suggesting that mutations causing FTLD may act in part through tau circRNAs. Adenosine to inosine RNA editing dramatically increases translation of circRNAs and, in the 12→10 circRNA, RNA editing generates a translational start codon by changing AUA to AUI. Circular tau proteins self-aggregate and promote aggregation of linear tau proteins. Our data indicate that adenosine to inosine RNA editing initiates translation of human circular tau RNAs, which may contribute to tauopathies.
HP1 proteins regulate nucleolar structure and function by secluding pericentromeric constitutive heterochromatin
Authors: Ballmer Daniel , Tardat Mathieu , Ortiz Raphael , Graff-Meyer Alexandra , Ozonov Evgeniy A , Genoud Christel , Peters Antoine HFM , Fanourgakis Grigorios 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nucleoli are nuclear compartments regulating ribosome biogenesis and cell growth. In embryonic stem cells (ESCs), nucleoli containing transcriptionally active ribosomal genes are spatially separated from pericentromeric satellite repeat sequences packaged in largely repressed constitutive heterochromatin (PCH). To date, mechanisms underlying such nuclear partitioning and the physiological relevance thereof are unknown. Here we show that repressive chromatin at PCH ensures structural integrity and function of nucleoli during cell cycle progression. Loss of heterochromatin proteins HP1α and HP1β causes deformation of PCH, with reduced H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) and HP1γ levels, absence of H4K20me3 and upregulated major satellites expression. Spatially, derepressed PCH aberrantly associates with nucleoli accumulating severe morphological defects during S/G2 cell cycle progression. Hp1α/β deficiency reduces cell proliferation, ribosomal RNA biosynthesis and mobility of Nucleophosmin, a major nucleolar component. Nucleolar integrity and function require HP1α/β proteins to be recruited to H3K9me3-marked PCH and their ability to dimerize. Correspondingly, ESCs deficient for both Suv39h1/2 H3K9 HMTs display similar nucleolar defects. In contrast, Suv4-20h1/2 mutant ESCs lacking H4K20me3 at PCH do not. Suv39h1/2 and Hp1α/β deficiency-induced nucleolar defects are reminiscent of those defining human ribosomopathy disorders. Our results reveal a novel role for SUV39H/HP1-marked repressive constitutive heterochromatin in regulating integrity, function and physiology of nucleoli.
Wise and Humorous Words
Authors: Litovkina Anna T. , Vargha Katalin , Barta Péter , Hrisztova-Gotthardt Hrisztalina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Proverbs, riddles, and jokes constitute an ample and varied part of Hungarian verbal folklore. All three genres were originally coined by an individual and then gradually spread among the speech community to become “anonymous” texts, both oral and written. These short and concise texts contain bits of folk wisdom and may be meant to be humorous and entertaining (jokes, riddles, and anti-proverbs) or not (proverbs). This chapter is organized into three sections. While the first section addresses Hungarian proverbs and anti-proverbs, the second one treats riddles, and the third discusses jokes. Each section provides a short overview of the collection and study of the respective genre. The nature and origin of each genre, its specific features and subgenres, its pragmatic functions and usage, as well as its contemporary forms are also briefly explored.
Hard Love Part 1
Authors: Johnson Imani Kai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Women ethnographers have played prominent roles in shaping the field of Hip Hop dance studies. This chapter analyzes the insights from some of those women ethnographers, particularly practitioner-researchers, on Hip Hop streetdances in relation to three themes: self-presentation and identity in the field; strategies for navigating interpersonal relationships while maintaining personal and professional boundaries; and the bodily realities (or corporealities) of race, gender, age, and nation as they shape those experiences. The ethnographers interviewed include a variety of women who approach ethnography in both academic and non-academic professions. They deal with what the chapter calls “hard love,” which speaks to their commitment to balancing scholarly obligations and Hip Hop cultural imperatives, in spaces where women are often a minority and researchers are distrusted. The chapter expands on what we know about researching in these sites, and offers new areas of inquiry for future research.
Is She B-Boying or B-Girling? Understanding How B-Girls Negotiate Gender and Belonging
Authors: Simard Helen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter considers the practices of b-boying and b-girling through the lens of gender, by examining the discourses surrounding the dance practices of female breakers, and some of the ways these discourses impact on women’s social interactions within their dance community. Using the methodological framework of discourse analysis, and drawing from West and Zimmerman’s (1987) conception of gender, I discuss some of the ways by which gender is “accomplished” by female breakers, at the discursive, embodied, and interactional levels. Data collected in a review of the literature, and from both artifact and video analysis, was cross-referenced with transcripts of interviews conducted with female breakers in Montreal, Canada, and analyzed through thematic comparison, highlighting both the struggles women may face when participating in this implicitly masculine lifestyle community, and the ways in which their presence and participation can help to challenge hegemonic definitions of masculinity and femininity.
Through Sound and Space
Authors: Petchauer Emery 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the roles that sound and space play in becoming a b-boy or b-girl. The word sound refers to the music that breaking-oriented DJs play and what comes from their application of hip hop aesthetics like rupture and flow. Space refers to cyphers in which breaking most often takes place. I frame “becoming” as a process of social-identity formation and acquisition of musical competence connected to these sounds and spaces. Overall, the chapter makes the case that sounds and spaces—both changing over time—are important for understanding breaking, how people become b-boys and b-girls, and why we jam on the groove.
Negotiating the Metaspace
Authors: Sadot Paul 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With patronage from powerful mainstream institutions and corporations, Hip Hop dance theater (HHDT) is under the influence of cultural industry conditions, thereby having become a commodity that is, in its ascendancy, part of the United Kingdom’s neoliberal creative economy. This chapter argues that long-established notions of “what hip hop dance is” are perpetuated in HHDT productions via a type of choreopolicing. This wider space, or metaspace, of supervision is inhabited by interconnected elements including mentorships, funding strategies, and the state-led commodification of arts and culture. The chapter examines how these processes have an impact on the agency and (im)mobility of artists working in the HHDT mold and connect to the wider processes of gentrification and “culturfication” (a neologism for the manufacture of culture) that presently permeate London’s sociocultural, political, and artistic landscape.
Can Expert Dancers Be a Springboard Model to Examine Neurorehabilitation via Dance?
Authors: Barnstaple Rebecca , Rabinovich Débora B. , DeSouza Joseph Francis Xavier 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Neuroimaging research in dance investigates neural signatures and networks to better understand the effects of dance on the brain. From studies of experts showing regions involved in learning choreography to looking at how long-term practice of dance may be reflected in structural and functional brain changes, a growing body of evidence suggests that engagement in dance may be both neuroprotective and neurorehabilitative across the life span. This body of research provides a strong basis and explanatory framework for the emerging trend of using dance in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease. We investigate elements of dance that contribute to these findings, and review recent research in this nascent field, starting with a study involving expert breaker Ken Swift. We also look at applications such as Popping for Parkinson’s®, an international project that specifically draws on the cultural and movement vocabulary of Hip Hop. Linking research on expert dancers and the experiences of older adults participating in dance, this chapter presents a comprehensive model of the ways in which dance can contribute to health and well-being across the lifespan.
Learn Your History
Authors: Park MiRi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Academic oral history is a valuable methodology for hearing multiple stories, particularly in cases of hotly contested histories. This methodology allows for many voices to coexist, provides a long-form space for presenting people’s experiences, and connects to the practices of the griot and informal oral histories. This chapter explores how academic oral history complicates master narratives by looking at an oral history project about New York City b-girls who were active in the 1990s. It also examines how this approach creates a fuller picture of breaking history than what has commonly been depicted in both the media and among practitioners.
“They Come for the Hip Hop but Stay for the Healing”
Authors: Leafloor Stephen “Buddha” 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter is about mental health outreach and community healing through Hip Hop in remote Indigenous communities, Canada’s high Arctic, and in maximum-security youth prisons. It considers empowering youth to heal and find their own voices using a variety of best-practice techniques, including traditional culture and the elements of Hip Hop, also utilizing the power of the drum, stomping, meditation, and the spoken word. Blueprintforlife and Blueprint Pathways were founded by Canadian B-boy Stephen Leafloor, aka “Buddha” who has been streetdancing since 1975. Their work has been the recipient of many national and international awards, and the focus of ten documentaries. The chapter includes a number of stories to illustrate the work.
Foundation
Authors: Gabbert Kenneth “Ken Swift” , Lutz Yarrow “Osofly” 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Breaking is a dance with five main components: top rock, go downs, footwork, spins, air moves, and freezes. These traditional elements make up the form’s fundamentals and ground an approach where creativity, innovation, and improvisation are valued, keeping the dance progressing. The traditions of Breaking are also rooted in music, personal style, battling, crews, and fashion. This chapter describes these fundamentals as they existed in the developmental stages of Breaking in the late 1970s and as they continue to evolve today, as subsequent practitioners build upon Breaking’s foundational blueprint.
Make the Letters Dance
Authors: DeNaro Anthony “YNOT” , Fogarty Mary 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Writing (“Aerosol Art”) is more than an inspiration for some Hip Hop dance practitioners. For those that combine the various elements in Hip Hop, the relationship between them is the generative impulse for creation. In the quest to create a personal signature in the city, Hip Hop arts express not only the visual name but also the rhythm of the letters, and how their movement connects to space and time. YNOT’s output as a B-boy is the result of investigations into other art forms and cultural backgrounds. The chapter identifies some of the practices of iconic artists that inspired YNOT’s output, such as RAMM:ELL:ZEE, Donald “DONDI” White, Jeffrey “DOZE” Green, and Jorge “POP MASTER” FABEL. It discusses how art schools are often places to gather and experiment and have contributed to creativity in Hip Hop culture. Understanding and relating the structures of art forms can deepen art practices and help decolonize disciplines. This chapter examines Hip Hop methodologies while showing how the integrity of this work is connected to knowledge of self and openness to divergent experiences.
Introduction
Authors: Fogarty Mary , Johnson Imani Kai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Laying out a groundwork for the emerging area of scholarship devoted to Hip Hop dance, the introduction contextualizes the structure and content of this anthology. It emphasizes the advantages of including practitioners, practitioner-scholars, dance scholars, and community workers in understandings of the experience of Hip Hop dance(s). Framed as a “love letter” to students of the dances that fall under the rubric of Hip Hop, the editors point to the future possibilities of the field of Hip Hop dance studies, in relation to its political, cultural, aesthetic, and institutional frameworks. The introduction also seeks to name the motivations and stakes of this emerging field and provides a brief overview of the content of each chapter of this Handbook.
Living in the Tension
Authors: Roberts Rosemarie A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hip hop movement practices are central to understanding not only dance but also the ways in which subversive knowledges are produced and performed. This chapter examines the Hip Hop dance performance, Popping, and what it reveals about social injustices and social justice practices. Working at the intersections of social science, dance and performance, the chapter analyzes Stephan “Mr. Wiggles” Clemente’s Popping aesthetic to examine physicalized micro-level containments, pops, tensions, and releases, and what they convey about the structural realities within which Popping was produced. This analysis is situated within a social justice framework in order to intervene in the movement practices that typically define acts of social justice. Reading Popping logics and aesthetics as embodiments of knowledge foregrounds the ways in which performing individual dancing bodies transform into a collective body to perform historical knowledges, even when those knowledges are choreographed rather than lived.
Spectralism and Research in Psychoacoustics and Music Perception
Authors: Lalitte Philippe 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Although work in the sciences of musical perception did not wait until the 1970s to reach composers, those in the spectral movement were particularly attentive and used some aspects to fertilize their theoretical thought and their compositional practice. This chapter examines the different ways in which these composers appropriated the knowledge of sound and auditory perception. The chapter will first examine the paradigm shift that has led from note to sound culture and to an awareness of the role of perception in composition. It will then discuss the question of the appropriation of concepts from acoustics and psychoacoustics by spectral composers. Finally, it will focus on some scientific-inspired techniques of composition.
Carl Stumpf and the Phenomenology of Musical Utterances
Authors: Kursell Julia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter identifies a key to Carl Stumpf’s early perspective on phenomenology in his notion of Sachverhalt (state of affairs). It argues that this notion enabled him to combine a rigorous philosophical approach to phenomenology with a practice of putting together an empirical basis for his research. In a threefold historical analysis, it first surveys the philosophical and legal contexts for Stumpf’s notion, then discusses his developing research practices in the field of sound and music, and eventually distinguishes his practice from Husserlian phenomenology as it emerged later. The discussion highlights three aspects of Stumpf’s practice in particular—the collection of utterances, the modes of comparison among them, and their experimental production—and each relates to topics of Stumpf’s broader research that have been chosen for the discussion: tone psychology, ethnography, and experimental phonetics.
Research in Pregnancy
Authors: Little Margaret Olivia , Wickremsinhe Marisha N. , Lyerly Anne Drapkin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
While pregnant people are among those most in need of access to effective treatment and preventive drugs and vaccines, evidence to inform use of pharmaceuticals in pregnancy is sorely lacking. Recent years have seen growing recognition of the urgent need to increase responsible research in pregnancy. This chapter outlines the state of play on key issues regarding such research. First, it describes evidence gaps, their systemic causes, and their human and moral costs. Next, it addresses conditions under which pregnant people may ethically be included in studies, highlighting issues of allowable risk, consent, and abortion. Finally, it turns to the important issue of fair inclusion of pregnant participants in research, at the levels of both agenda-setting structures and individual trials. Together these considerations point to the collective responsibility of the global research community to identify and pursue research that meets the needs and honors the interests of pregnant people.
Pacific Trade
Authors: Fukunaga Yuka , L. Hsieh Pasha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The chapter provides an overview of the main legal structures that govern Pacific trade in the Third Regionalism. It offers insight into the evolution of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Economic Community, as well as ASEAN’s external agreements with Asia-Pacific economies including China, India, Japan, Korea, Hong Kong, Australia and New Zealand. It also discusses legal and policy considerations for the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) based on ASEAN Plus One agreements. Furthermore, by focusing on the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), the chapter analyses key issues such as rules of origin, market access, electronic commerce, state-owned enterprises and currency manipulation. It is imperative to understand these critical developments of ASEAN, the CPTPP and the RCEP amid trade protectionism and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Trade and Investment Liberalization
Authors: Gao Henry 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The article starts by tracing China’s long and storied history with the GATT and WTO, highlighting challenges posed by China’s unique economic system and the key commitments designed to alleviate these problems. The next parts discuss China’s role in the Doha Round, as well as its efforts to build its own network of trade agreements and arrangements, including not only traditional free trade agreements, but also the Belt and Road Initiative, and free trade zones. This is followed by a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the main issues in the current discussions on WTO reform, a process that started at the last WTO Ministerial Conference held in December 2017. In particular, the paper examines in detail the efforts by some major players to turn it into a so-called ‘China Round’, and China’s reactions. The paper concludes with a review of the failed attempt of the United States to address some of these issues through the US-China trade war and suggests that multilateral negotiation is the best way forward.
The Relationship Between Intellectual Property and Trade Through the Lens of Geographical Indications
Authors: Calboli Irene 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter addresses the relationship between intellectual property rights (IPRs) and trade through the lens of the international, and controversial, protection of geographical indications (GIs). This methodological choice—focusing on a specific IP topic instead of multiple rights—is not only due to the wording limitations of the chapter, but also to the fact that the international regulation of GIs well illustrates the changes, successes and challenges of the international IP system, at the multilateral, regional and bilateral levels. In particular, this chapter recounts how the international system of GI protection developed across several periods. At first, GIs were protected at the multilateral level, but only by a small number of countries. Then, in the 1990s, the TRIPS Agreement included GIs into the global IP agenda. At the turn of the century, however, GI negotiations shifted—even more than other IPRs—to regional and bilateral FTAs. Still, multilateralism showed its resilience precisely with the revisions of a GI agreement, the Geneva Act of the Lisbon Agreement, in 2015. Ultimately, this chapter supports that the main take away of the journey across international GI protection is that the international IP landscape has become more complex and multilayered and the ‘new normal’ relationship between IPRs and trade is the co-existence and combination of multilateralism, bilateralism and regionalism.
Environment
Authors: Olawuyi Damilola S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Questions on the relationships and possible conflicts between trade law and environmental law have resulted in some of the most charged debates in international law over the last few decades. While a lot of progress has been made in clarifying the legal interactions between, and the complementary benefits of, these two important areas of law, a number of questions remain unresolved. These debates have assumed greater significance and urgency as the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development underscores the need for enhanced partnership—globally, regionally, and nationally—on trade and environment issues.
The first objective of this chapter is to consider the key phases in efforts to harmonize trade and environmental regimes at the international level. It examines how the interactions between both regimes have moved from an informal alliance phase, confrontation and formal recognition phase, and then to an increasingly formalized partnership phase. The second objective of this chapter is to examine key unresolved challenges and questions that remain about how to effectively interpret and implement international treaty obligations on free trade and the environment in a coordinated, coherent, and less fragmented manner. The key issues remain threefold: harmonizing existing WTO rules with obligations set out in MEAs; advancing coordination and partnership between trade and MEA institutions; and reducing or eliminating tariff and non-tariff barriers to trade in environmental goods and services. This chapter considers these questions and suggests a wide array of mutually supportive solutions to maximize coherence and harmonization between trade and environmental regimes.