bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of unmanned aerial vehicle application for measuring in complex urban green space
Authors: Jin Rongye , Huang Jinyi , Xu Yanjie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The main tree biometric variables of urban green space can derive indicators of multiple ecological benefit values. Compared with plantations and natural forests, urban green space is usually featured with higher tree richness, more complex landscape design, and a higher degree of spatial heterogeneity. Appropriate designs for flight variable settings in complex urban space can significantly improve the quality of data, and bring large differences in economic and time costs in practical applications. However, current studies have a limited understanding of flight variables setting for UAV applications in complex urban green spaces. We carried out rigorous and practical designs for flight variable settings with high-frequency UAV oblique image measurements. We tested and quantified the effect of the settings of main flight variables (i.e., flight altitude, image overlap, gimbal pitch and solar elevation) on the process data and final data quality in a representative complex urban green space. In the limited range of flight variable settings, the data accuracy is significantly different in the complex urban green space. We found that solar elevation is the most important factor affecting the data quality. Specifically, flight operations with a lower solar elevation provided a higher measurement accuracy and outstanding cost-effectiveness which is significantly different from the solar elevation setting for measuring in plantations. Our results (which are different from the previous study on homogenous green spaces) also suggested to avoid strong sunlight during flight operations and to ensure that the flight altitude is three to four times higher than the tallest tree at least to improve data quality. The settings of the image overlap and the gimbal pitch should take more time cost and economic benefits into consideration. This study demonstrated the feasibility of UAV applications in complex urban green spaces, and the impact and importance of each flight variable on the dataset quality. The systematic analysis, quantitative results, and exact visualizations can facilitate a wider application space (i.e., urban forestry, landscape ecology, urban planning and urban design) and higher application quality of UAV oblique in urban green space.
Research Leadership in Institutions: Barriers &amp; Enablers
Authors: Khan Faheem , Jawaid Masood 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The research in academia is essential to foster the culture of evidence, to bring innovation and to share scholarly work with the fraternity. The academician, despite the claim of research friendly environment, faces hurdles in conducting good research. Nevertheless, they are also aided with the enabling factors to engage in scholarly activities. The current literature reports the barriers and enablers faced by the researchers, from the perspective of medical students, residents or faculty members. Many of the barriers are pointed towards the institution and its policies. However there is dearth of data regarding the difficulties encountered by the institutional leadership in implementing research agenda. The objective of this study is to explore the barriers and enablers faced by institutional leadership in executing research agenda.
Methods
The study used qualitative one-to-one semi-structured interview based methodology. The participants were selected from public and private institutions both and were interviewed from January to April 2022. A consent guide and informed consent was shared and explained to the participants. The interview was audio recorded and later intelligent transcription was done. The text was shared with the participants for any corrections/modifications. The analysis was done manually, and through deductive coding relevant codes, categories and themes were generated.
Results
The interview transcribed text generated around 32 codes, 16 categories and 09 themes. The themes were induced from the categories, and were formulated as internal (personal & institutional) and external (policy) barriers, personal & institutional enablers, academic path to progress, processes, support & collaboration and Organisational policies. The participants identified dedicated time for research, deficient research skills, financial burden, lack of government support and funding as the major barriers. The participants suggested promotion, institutional financial & time support, research infrastructure and motivation of faculty as the main enablers.
Conclusion
The study reiterates the fact the research is essential in order to excel and institutional leaders shares many hurdles and enablers with the researchers. The study suggests that through financial stability and collaborations, institutes can further expand the research-base as by the successful research programs of the region. A striking similarity was also found in the barriers and enablers faced by the institutional leadership and an independent researcher.
Multifunctional aramid nanofibers @ polypyrrole films for broadband frequency electromagnetic interference shielding, wearable electronics, Joule heating and photothermal conversion
Authors: Guo Dan , Mu Congpu , Liu Qian , Wang Bochong , Xiang Jianyong , Nie Anmin , Zhai Kun , Shu Yu , Xue Tianyu , Wen Fusheng , Liu Zhongyuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of miniaturization, high power and high integration of electronic components, multifunctional materials have attracted tremendous attention. Herein, the multifunctional aramid nanofibers@polypyrrole (ANF@PPy) composite films are prepared through a facile vacuum filtration method after the an in-situ polymerization of PPy on the surface of ANF, which are applied in broadband frequency electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, wearable sensor, Joule heating, photothermal conversion. ANF@PPy-4 composite film with thin thickness of 46 µm displays excellent EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 35 dB for C-band, X-band, Ku-band and K-band of electromagnetic wave. Furthermore, the relative resistance variation of ANF@PPy-4 composite film can be recorded for monitoring human motions, such as finger, wrist, elbow, knee, ankle, forearm and throat (vocal cord vibration). In addition, the saturation temperature of ANF@PPy-4 composite film is about 77 ºC at a low working voltage of 5.0 V. Moreover, temperature of ANF@PPy-4 composite film can reach to 54 ºC via the photothermal conversion under one sun irradiation. Multifunctional ANF@PPy composite films show enormous potential application of broadband frequency EMI shielding, wearable sensor, personal thermal management.
Prevalence of intestinal nematodes in equines with an assessment of the therapy using Albendazole and Doramectin
Authors: Mostafa Walaa , Felefel Wael , El-Rady Ahmed Abd , Khalifa Fatma Ahmed , Youseef Asmaa Gahlan , El-Dakroury M. F. , Selim Shady , Elkamshishi Mohamed Morsi , Mohammed Eman Sayed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background: Intestinal nematode parasites of equines have emerged as a pressing and urgent challenge due to their significant impact on the health and performance of these animals worldwide; therefore, implementing a deworming regimen has become vital to keeping a horse's parasite load at an acceptable level. Thus, the current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of nematodes infection , associated risk factors and evaluate the chemotherapeutic efficacy of different anthelmintic drugs by enrolling 195 fecal matter samples of working equines using flotation concentration techniques. Equines treatment were divided into four groups; Group 1 standard treatment (Albendazole orally), Group 2 intervention treatment (Doramectin injection), Group 3 intervention treatment (combination of Albendazole and Doramectin), and Group 4 was left untreated as a positive control.
Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal nematode parasites in working equines was 70.25%. The recovered nematodes were Strongylus species, with 87.17% followed by Parascaris equorum 30.76%, and Oxyuris equi was 12.82%. Concerning treatment efficacy, the highest cure rate was among Group 3 (77.14%), followed by Group 2 (68.57%) and Group 1 (40%), but the difference between Groups 2 and 3 is statistically insignificant. Interestingly, the effect of Doramectin injection is highly significant than other, especially for the reduction of Strongylus spp. and Parascaris equorum eggs according to Cohen's D test.
Conclusions: Translating such a potent combination of drugs into endemic areas will provide significant support for deworming and control programs against intestinal parasites of equines, especially those in the migratory phase, more than Albendazole alone, which has poor absorption as it requires a full stomach during administration.
EHPGS: A Statistical Package for Evaluation of Hybrid Performance in Plant Breeding via Genomic Selection
Authors: Chen Szu-Ping , Tung Chih-Wei , Wang Pei-Hsien , Liao Chen-Tuo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hybrid breeding employs heterosis, which could potentially improve the yield and quality of a crop. Genomic selection (GS) is a promising approach for the selection of quantitative traits in plant breeding. The main objectives of this study are to (i) propose a GS-based approach to identify potential parental lines and superior hybrid combinations from a breeding population, which is composed of hybrids produced by a half diallel mating design; (ii) develop a software package for users to carry out the proposed approach. An R package, designated EHPGS, was generated to facilitate the employment of the genomic best linear unbiased model considering additive plus dominance marker effects for the hybrid performance evaluation. The R package contains a Bayesian statistical algorithm for calculating genomic estimated breeding value (GEBVs), GEBV-based specific combining ability, general combining ability, mid-parent heterosis, and better-parent heterosis. Three datasets that have been published in literature, including pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima), maize (Zea mays), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), were analyzed to illustrate the use of EHPGS.
Response of Potato Varieties to Nitrogen Fertilization for Growth, Yield and Nutrient Uptake
Authors: Yadav Renu , Panghal V.P.S. , Prakash Ram 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Maximizing potato yields and quality while minimizing nitrogen loss is a major challenge for potato producers. It is crucial to use nitrogen fertilizer for the plant growth, both economically and environmentally. A similar experiment was conducted in India for two years to investigate the response of potato varieties to nitrogen fertilization, and for this study two potato varieties, i.e., Kufri Surya and Kufri Sadabahar and five nitrogen levels (0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 kg/ha) were carried out in a randomized block design (factorial) with three replications. The results reveal that most of the growth parameters and NPK uptake by haulms showed maximum value at nitrogen 300 kg/ha closely followed by the nitrogen dose 225 kg/ha, while for yield parameters and NPK uptake by tubers, nitrogen level 225 kg/ha was the best with the highest value. It depicts that crop yield parameters are negatively affected by the nitrogen dose of above 225 kg/ha. So far the variety is concerned, Kufri Sadabahar was significantly better for all the noted growth and yield parameters as well as NPK uptake by tubers and haulms than the variety Kufri Surya. As far concern about the soil fertility behavior after harvest of the crop, higher left over nitrogen in soil was recorded for the highest applied nitrogen dose, whereas, phosphorus and potassium left over in soil was recorded more where no nitrogen was applied, which was closely followed by 75 kg/ha nitrogen level. The results provide useful recommendations for the improvement of nitrogen fertilization rate for these two varieties in sub-tropical region of north western India in Haryana state.
Time-lagged response of malaria transmission to climate and land use change in a Colombian Amazonian Municipality: Implications for Early Warning Systems and Control Strategies
Authors: Gonzalez-Daza William , Vivero-Gómez Rafael Jose , Altamiranda-Saavedra Mariano , Muylaert Renata L. , Landeiro Victor Lemes 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Malaria remains a significant public health problem worldwide, particularly in low-income regions with limited access to healthcare. Despite the use of antimalarial drugs, transmission remains an issue in Colombia, especially among indigenous populations in remote areas. In this study, we used an SIR Ross MacDonald model that considered land use changes, temperature, and precipitation to analyze eco epidemiological parameters and the impact of time lags on malaria transmission in La Pedrera - Amazonas municipality. We found changes in land use between 2007 and 2020, with increases in forested areas, urban infrastructure and water edges area resulting in a constant increase in mosquito carrying capacity. Temperature and precipitation variables exhibited a fluctuating pattern that corresponded to rainy and dry seasons, respectively and a marked influence of the El Niño climatic phenomenon. Our findings suggest that elevated precipitation and temperature increase malaria infection risk in the following two months influenced by the secondary vegetation and urban infrastructure near primary forest formation or water body edges. These results may be useful for public health officials and policymakers in developing effective malaria control strategies by monitoring precipitation, temperature, and land use variables to predict high-risk areas and periods, considering the time lag effect.
Molecular epidemiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children, Wuhan, 2020-2022
Authors: Xu Meng , Li Ying , Shi Yue , Liu Haizhou , Tong Xi , Ma Li , Gao Jie , Du Qing , Du Hui , Liu Di , Lu Xiaoxia , Yan Yi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is an important pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia in children. However, prior to this study, there was a lack of research on the genotypes and macrolide resistance monitoring of M. pneumoniae in Wuhan. The factors contributing to the severity of illness caused by M. pneumoniaeinfection are still under investigation. We aimed to evaluate the clinical manifestations, genotypes, macrolide resistance, respiratory microenvironment, and their relationship with the severity of illness in children with M. pneumoniaepneumonia in Wuhan.
Results
Among 1,259 clinical samples, 461 samples were positive for M. pneumoniae via qPCR. We successfully identified the P1 genotypes of 127 samples based on metagenomic and Sanger sequencing, with P1-type 1 (113/127, 88.98%) being the dominant genotype. In addition, we identified the MLST genotypes of 67 samples, with ST-3 being the most common (60/67, 89.6%), followed by ST-14 (5/67, 7.4%) and ST-7 (2/67, 3%). No significant difference in pathogenicity was observed among different genotypes. The macrolide resistance rate of M. pneumoniaeisolates was 96% (48/50) and all mutations were A2063G in domain V of 23S rRNA gene. There was no significant difference between the upper respiratory microbiome of patients with mild and severe symptoms.
The pan-genome analysis revealed that the genome of M. pneumoniae is highly conserved, with the core genome comprising 79% of the total genome length. In addition, the initial serological test cannot accurately diagnose M. pneumoniae infection. qPCR is suitable for detecting M. pneumoniaeinfection, while IgM titers greater than 1:160 can be used as a predictor of severity.
Conclusions
This study is the first to characterize the epidemic and genomic features of M. pneumoniae in Wuhan after the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, which provides a scientific data basis for monitoring and infection prevention and control of M. pneumoniae in the post-pandemic era.
The association between Heart failure and Systemic inflammatory response index: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zheng Yu , Guo Zhihua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: The Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) is a novel inflammatory composite measure widely utilized for evaluating the prognosis of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders and cancer. It has been proven that people with heart failure (HF) have a chronic inflammatory response in their hearts. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential connection between SIRI with HF.
Methods: The cross-sectional investigation used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database information from 2009 to 2018. SIRI is computed using the monocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts. The Monetary Choice Questionnaire (MCQ) results define HF. The linear association between SIRI and HF was analyzed using a weighted linear regression model with multiple variables. The nonlinear link was defined using smoothing curve fittings and threshold effect analysis.
Results: 26,361 individuals were included in our analysis; HF was diagnosed in 3.26% of participants, and this proportion increased with higher SIRI levels (Quartile 1, 1.76%; Quartile 2, 1.87%; Quartile 3, 2.98%; Quartile 4, 6.43%; p for trend <0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated a relationship between higher SIRI levels and an elevated chance of HF (OR = 1.15;95% CI, 1.05-1.27, p=0.0029). In addition, a nonlinear relationship existed between SIRI and HF. A two-segment linear regression model showed an inverse S-shaped connection between SIRI with HF by an inflection point of 2.66 (1,000 cells/μl). In males the SIRI-HF association was inverted U-shaped, with an inflection point at 2.8 (1,000 cells/μl) after stratification; among females, there was no statistically significant inflection point.
Conclusions: Our results imply the existence of a positive correlation between HF. To corroborate the association between SIRI and HF, that was required to perform prospective investigations on a huge scale and clinical experiments.
Amorphous Ni-Mn-O Microspheres with High Energy Density and Ultralong-Term Stability up to 100, 000 Cycles for Aqueous Pseudo-Capacitors
Authors: Gao Yingxv , Ma Qian , Xia Xiaohong , Liu Hongbo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A novel freestanding electrode of porous and amorphous NiMn1.57O4.13 microspheres is prepared for aqueous pseudo-capacitor. The NiMn1.57O4.13 microsphere has both cathodic site and anodic site so that it can be easily assembled as symmetric pseudo-capacitor (SPC), showing a great outlook for application. The SPC presents a superior stability and ability to withstand current fluctuations, which exhibits a high energy density of 122.8 Wh kg−1 with a retention of 106.1% at 5 A g−1 after 100,000 cycles. Moreover, the energy density is as high as 44.3Wh kg−1 even at the ultra-high power density of 18750.0 W kg−1, presenting an excellent charge/discharge rate.
Development of a T-ARMS-PCR Assay for Detecting Genetic Polymorphism in the Catalase (rs7943316) Gene in the Iraqi Population with Breast Cancer
Authors: Hoidy Wisam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Numerous investigations have demonstrated that oxidative stress is markedly increased in breast cancer patients compared to their healthy counterparts. Catalase (CAT), a crucial antioxidant enzyme, plays a pivotal role in safeguarding cells against oxidative damage initiated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The CAT (rs7943316) gene encodes catalase, and certain genetic variations in this gene have been observed to modify catalase activity and levels. Such changes can lead to an altered response to oxidative stress, potentially increasing the risk of breast cancer. In light of this, a novel tetra-primer amplification-refractory mutation system (T-ARMS)-PCR assay was developed to investigate the possible correlation between the CAT (rs7943316) gene polymorphism and the development of breast cancer in patients. This study introduces a simple primer design method called T-ARMS for identifying the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CAT (rs7943316) gene. This method employs a one-step PCR, which is faster, more cost-effective, and more precise than existing techniques. Sanger sequencing was performed to validate the accuracy of our findings. The T-ARMS-PCR assay revealed a significant association between the A/T allele of the CAT (rs7943316) gene and breast cancer. Specifically, individuals with the TT genotype had a higher risk of developing breast cancer than those with the AA genotype. The T allele frequency was greater among breast cancer patients than in the control group, and genotype frequencies were consistent with the principles of the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. This study is the first to showcase a rapid, cost-effective, and high-throughput method for detecting the SNP in the CAT (rs7943316) gene. This method has the potential to be employed in large-scale clinical trials.
Proof of concept of using a membrane-sensing peptide for sEVs affinity-based isolation
Authors: Benayas Beatriz , Morales Joaquín , Gori Alessandro , Strada Alessandro , Gagni Paola , Frigerio Roberto , Egea Carolina , Armisén Pilar , Cretich Marina , Yáñez-Mó María 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: One main limitation in biomarker studies using EVs is the lack of a suitable isolation method rendering high yield and purity samples in a quick and easily standardized procedure. Here we report an affinity isolation method with a membrane-sensing peptide (MSP) derived from bradykinin.
Results: We designed a protocol based on agarose beads carrying cation chelates to specifically bind to the 6His-tagged membrane-sensing peptide. This approach presents several advantages: i) cation-carrying agaroses are widely used and standardized for His-tagged protein isolation, ii) the affinity protocol can be performed in small volumes, feasible and manageable for clinical routine and iii) elution with imidazole or EDTA allows a gentle and easy recovery without EV damage, which allows subsequent characterization and functional analysis of EVs.
We optimized all steps of the protocol to enhance peptide exposure on the beads leading to a final procedure that incubates 0.5mg of peptide for 10 minutes with 10µl of Long-arm Cobalt agarose before and overnight incubation with concentrated cell conditioned medium. EV downstream analyses can be performed on the agarose beads by simple adding lysis or nucleic-acid extraction buffers. Alternatively, EVs can be gently eluted by competition with imidazole, rendering a fully competent EV preparation.
Conclusions: This new isolation methodology is based on the recognition of general membrane characteristics of EVs and thus can be a good option for a total isolation of EVs without a bias based on the surface markers. It can be used in any species EV sample, enabling this approach to samples from animal or plant species against which no suitable antibodies exist. Being an affinity method, the sample handling protocol is very simple, and less time-consuming than traditional methods, does not require specialized equipment and can be easily introduced in a clinical automated routine. We demonstrated the high purity and yield of the method in comparison with other commercially available kits. This method can also be scale up or down according to operator needs, with the possibility of analyzing very low amounts of sample. Finally, it is compatible with any downstream analyses thanks to the gentle elution procedure.