bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluence requirements in existing UV disinfection facilities to comply with EU validation performance targets for reclaimed water: a case study
Authors: Verónica Carabias Amaia , Gil Maria Isabel , Pérez Juan Marcos , Abellán Manuel , Rancaño Amador , José Simón Pedro , Truchado Pilar , Allende Ana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Since 2020, there is a new European Regulation (EU, 2020/741) on minimum requirements for water reuse, where routine and validation monitoring requirements (log reductions of indicator microorganisms and reference pathogens) have been established. Many reclamation facilities that are already in operation might have difficulties to comply with these performance targets. Existing disinfection systems must be expanded and upgraded. In the case of UV disinfection systems, fluence requirements must be determined to properly design with a focus on the safety and economic-environmental viability of reclaimed water. This study can be used as a reference to develop fluence-response curves for Clostridium perfringens spores, Escherichia coli, and total and F-specific coliphages, indicator microorganisms referred to in the new European Regulation. Eight UV-LED collimated beam tests were performed. Samples were obtained from filtered effluent of secondary treatment from two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) which ranged between 30 and 54%. Results showed UV sensitivity of 33.46 mJ/cm2 log I for C. perfringens spores and 2.86 mJ/cm2 log I for E. coli, both from environmental origin. Coliphages were inactivated below the limit of quantitation. The non-dominance of MS2 phages in environmental F-specific coliphages was observed.
La descentralización de las capacidades de ciencia, tecnología e innovación (CTi) en Colombia
Authors: Escobar Soto Jhon F. , Ramírez Guerrero Diego Fernando , Medina Diana Paola , Campo-Ceballos Diego 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The resources for Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) in Colombia have traditionally been allocated to universities and research centers in the country's largest cities, where the majority of highly qualified researchers are located. This represents a distortion in relation to public policy criteria for balanced growth and capacity-building. Objective: The article aims to present how this distribution has traditionally been carried out by the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation (Minciencias) for STI projects in the country (2014-2018), and how, through a coordinated process, it is possible to decentralize capacities by leveraging the human resources associated with the Sociedad de Doctores e Investigadores de Colombia (SoPhIC). Methodology: To achieve this, geospatial analysis and correlation techniques of competitiveness indicators, departmental category, and the Gini index were used. Results: revealed the capacity and availability of human resources, based on the services that can be offered from and for these regions. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated the possibility and necessity of decentralizing resources to efficiently harness highly qualified human resources.
Assessing Health Students' Attitudes and Usage of ChatGPT in Jordan: Validation Study
Authors: Sallam Malik , Salim Nesreen A , Barakat Muna , Al-Mahzoum Kholoud , Al-Tammemi Ala'a B , Malaeb Diana , Hallit Rabih , Hallit Souheil 
Published: August 2023

Background
ChatGPT is a conversational large language model that has the potential to revolutionize knowledge acquisition. However, the impact of this technology on the quality of education is still unknown considering the risks and concerns surrounding ChatGPT use. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the usability and acceptability of this promising tool. As an innovative technology, the intention to use ChatGPT can be studied in the context of the technology acceptance model (TAM).

Objective
This study aimed to develop and validate a TAM-based survey instrument called TAME-ChatGPT (Technology Acceptance Model Edited to Assess ChatGPT Adoption) that could be employed to examine the successful integration and use of ChatGPT in health care education.

Methods
The survey tool was created based on the TAM framework. It comprised 13 items for participants who heard of ChatGPT but did not use it and 23 items for participants who used ChatGPT. Using a convenient sampling approach, the survey link was circulated electronically among university students between February and March 2023. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to assess the construct validity of the survey instrument.

Results
The final sample comprised 458 respondents, the majority among them undergraduate students (n=442, 96.5%). Only 109 (23.8%) respondents had heard of ChatGPT prior to participation and only 55 (11.3%) self-reported ChatGPT use before the study. EFA analysis on the attitude and usage scales showed significant Bartlett tests of sphericity scores (P<.001) and adequate Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measures (0.823 for the attitude scale and 0.702 for the usage scale), confirming the factorability of the correlation matrices. The EFA showed that 3 constructs explained a cumulative total of 69.3% variance in the attitude scale, and these subscales represented perceived risks, attitude to technology/social influence, and anxiety. For the ChatGPT usage scale, EFA showed that 4 constructs explained a cumulative total of 72% variance in the data and comprised the perceived usefulness, perceived risks, perceived ease of use, and behavior/cognitive factors. All the ChatGPT attitude and usage subscales showed good reliability with Cronbach α values >.78 for all the deduced subscales.

Conclusions
The TAME-ChatGPT demonstrated good reliability, validity, and usefulness in assessing health care students’ attitudes toward ChatGPT. The findings highlighted the importance of considering risk perceptions, usefulness, ease of use, attitudes toward technology, and behavioral factors when adopting ChatGPT as a tool in health care education. This information can aid the stakeholders in creating strategies to support the optimal and ethical use of ChatGPT and to identify the potential challenges hindering its successful implementation. Future research is recommended to guide the effective adoption of ChatGPT in health care education.
RELASI MAKNA SINONIMI DAN ANTONIMI DALAM CERPEN WAJH AL-HAQIQOH KARYA TAUFIK AL-HAKIM
Authors: Fika Fika Azlia Salsabila , Ika Selviana  
Published: August 2023

Dalam kajian lingusitik relasi makna mencakup antonim, sinonim, dan polisemi. Pada praktiknya para pakar linguistik masih memperdebatkan terkait pro dan kontra sinonim dan antonim. Hal yang diperdebatkan ialah terkait apakah makna tersebut merupakan makna yang sama atau hanya turunan sifat semata. Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif deskrpitif . Penulis juga menggunakan teknik simak catat dalam pengumpulan data, di mana peneliti membaca keseluruhan cerita kemudian mencatat dan menandai kata atau penggalan yang mengandung unsur relasi makna. Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan teknik analisis data yang berfokus pada penggunakan teknik padan dalam cerpen. Setelah menggunakan metode tersebut peneliti menemukan bentuk sinonim pada penggalan “diriku sempat tercengang saat ketika waktu malam telah tiba menghadang. Setelah datangnya sang istri ruangan samping sunyi senyap tak ada suara”. Kata sunyi dan senyap terklasifikasi ke dalam bentuk sinonim semirip. Sedangkan pada penggalan “Pada akhirnya, hingga kesekian kalinya diriku tak bisa membedakan mana batas-batas antara dunia realita, dan dunia imajinasi”. Kata realtita dan imajinasi merupakan bentuk makna yang berlawanan atau bentuk antonim oposisi kutub. Di mana realita bermakna dunia atau keadaan yang bersifa nyata. Sedangkan imajinasi merupakan keadaan yang hanya ada dalam pikiran serta bayang-bayang manusia belaka. Dua kata tersebut berlawanan secara makna.

Kata Kunci: Sinonim; Antonim; Cerpen
STRATEGI PARENTAL MEDIATION MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT SELF DISCLOSURE REMAJA KEPADA ORANG TUA TERKAIT PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL?
Authors: Yuliani Resti , Amenike Diny , Murni Arina Widya 
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh masing-masing strategi parental mediation terhadap self disclosure remaja kepada orang tua terkait penggunaan media sosial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode kuantitatif berupa analisis regresi linear berganda. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 210 remaja berusia 11-15 tahun dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan modifikasi alat ukur Perceived Parental Media Mediation (α= .804) dan kontruksi alat ukur self disclosure (α= .867). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari masing-masing strategi active parental mediation dan strategi restrictive parental mediation terhadap self disclosure remaja kepada orang tua terkait penggunaan media sosial. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil analisis regresi berganda dengan koefisien regresi 2.403 dan -.809.
A STUDY OF ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN SPHENOID SINUSES AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH EXTENT OF DISEASE USING MODIFIED LUND MACKAY STAGING SYSTEM
Authors: Rajeev Karthika , S RAVISHANKARA , CHETHANA C.S 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to detect the incidence of
anatomical variations of sphenoid sinus and its association with the
extent of disease using Modified Lund Mackay staging system. METHOD:
Cross sectional study . SETTING: A tertiary care centre. PARTICIPANTS:
201 patients with history of chronic rhinosinusitis attended the
outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology were subjected for
CT-paranasal sinus from November 2016 to May 2018. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES: CT paranasal sinus was performed 16 slice CT machine .The
radiological findings of sphenoid were characterized by Modified
Lund-Mackay staging system and the points were awarded on both sides
separately. RESULTS: The mean age of study were 37.6(SD=11.4). Regarding
the incidence of anatomical variations in sphenoid sinus observations
were
hypoplasia(right-0.5%,left-2.5%),agenesis(right-0.5%),pneumatization
of pterygoid process(right-49.3%,left-40.3%),pneumatization of
anterior clinoid process(right-27.4%,left-15.9%),pneumatization of
greater wing of sphenoid(right-5%,left-4.5%),protrusion
(right-3.5%,left-1%) and dehiscence (right-1.5%,left-2.5%) of
internal carotid artery, protrusion (right-3.5%,left-3%) and
dehiscence (right-4%,left-4%) of optic nerve,protrusion
(right-4%,left-4%) and dehiscence (right-1%,left-1%) of maxillary
nerve, protrusion (right-37.3%,left-33.3%) and dehiscence
(right-1.5%,left-1.5%) of vidian canal,onodi
cell(right-7%,left-7%),conchal(right-0.5%,left-0.5%),sellar(right-85.1%,left-82.1%),presellar
(right-6%,left-4%), postsellar(right-7.5%,left-5.5%) and
intersphenoid septum – absent(1.5%),single(77.6%),accessory
(right-16.9%%,left-4.5%). There was statistically significant
association between pneumatization of pterygoid, anterior clinoid,
greater wing of sphenoid, protrusion of vidian canal and sphenoid
sinusitis. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to know the variations of
sphenoid sinus and care should be observed to avoid complications during
surgery on patients carrying these variations. KEYWORDS:
anatomical variations; chronic rhinosinusitis ; sphenoid sinus ; CT
paranasal sinus ; modified Lund Mackay staging .
The effectiveness of Edel varieties cacao leaves extract as antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus and Porphyromonas gingivalis : an experimental study
Authors: Silvia Rizka Maya , Viandisa Chrysmyta Fiola , Prihanti Ayu Mashartini , Wahyukundari Melok Aris , Arina Yuliana Mahdiyah Da'at 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) are the two main bacteria that cause dental and oral disease. Cacao leaves have been reported to have antibacterial properties. However, the active compounds in cacao leaves vary depending on the age of the leaves and the place where these plants grow. This research aims to analyze the active ingredients and antibacterial effectiveness of the Edel varieties cacao leaves against S. aureus and P. gingivalis. Methods: This is an experimental study. The Cacao leaves from PTPN 12 Plantation Banjarsari Jember were extracted by the maceration technique in concentrations of 25, 50, 75%, and 100%. The phytochemical test was then made using the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The antibacterial activity of Cacao leaf extract against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 was examined using the Disc Diffusion technique on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media. Results: The Cacao leaf extract of the Edel varieties from Jember contained flavonoids, saponins, and tannins but did not contain alkaloids. In all concentrations tested, the Cacao leaf extract of the Edel varieties from Jember showed the inhibition zones of S. aureus and P. gingivalis. The concentration of 100% showed the greatest antibacterial activity (The highest antibacterial activity was observed at a concentration of 100%), which was moderate against S. aureus (10.98 mm ± 0,93) and strong against P. gingivalis (11.54 mm ± 0,41). There was a significant difference among concentrations in both the P.gingivalis and S.aureus bacterial groups (p<0.001). At the same concentration, there was no significant difference between P. gingivalis and S. aureus (p>0.001). Conclusion: Cacao leaf extract of the Edel varieties contains flavonoids, saponins and tannins and has antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. gingivalis.KEYWORDScacao leaves extract, Edel varieties, antibacterial, S. aureus, P. gingivalis
Investigating Indigenous People Perspectives on Entrepreneurial Leadership and Practices in the Promotion of Sustainable Economic Development
Authors: Arcega Ian Bunyag 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The focus of this research is to investigate the Indigenous People (IP), the Ati (Aeta) in Dumarao, Capiz, Philippines as to their entrepreneurial leadership and business activities that contribute to their economic growth and social progress.

Theoretical framework: Mishra and Zachary's (2014) entrepreneurial theory underpins this study. Entrepreneurs create and take value in unpredictable environment. They also create value by pursuing their goals (an aspiration for entrepreneurial reward). Entrepreneurship requires the entrepreneur. Consequently, entrepreneurial resources and goals are closely linked. The entrepreneurial process involves identifying an external opportunity, matching entrepreneurial resources with the opportunity to effectuate an entrepreneurial competence, acquiring additional resources (if needed), creating sustained value, and appropriating the reward for their entrepreneurial endeavor. Entrepreneurship is based on expansion, wealth creation, and the pursuit of possibilities regardless of resources.

Design/Methodology/Approach: This study is descriptive and makes use of the qualitative research methodology to collect the necessary data on the entrepreneurial leadership and practices of Indigenous People to contribute to economic growth and social progress.

Findings: The study's results indicate that indigenous or Ati business leaders are few. Nevertheless, Dumarao's indigenous population has not built any sustainable commercial enterprises.

Research, practical & social implications: Indigenous People (IP) confront a range of challenges when it comes to entrepreneurship, many of which are tied to their traditions and culture. This was revealed after answering the study questions on the entrepreneurial leadership and practices of Ati towards development in the Philippines. Hence, the results will be a benchmark in assessing the programs and projects and even policies that will develop the life of Ati community holistically.

Originality/Value: The value of the study is first to investigate the entrepreneurial leadership and business practices of Ati community in Dumarao, Capiz, Philippines.
Iraqi Economy and Renewable Energy Projects Between Economic Necessity and Investment Challenges
Authors: Bekheet Heider Nima , Al-Sudany Naseer Kareem , Najm Samer Sabri 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: Given Iraq's current excessive fossil fuel output, this article seeks to investigate the country's potential for future renewable energy sources. The report also endeavors to foresee Iraq's future position in clean energy production in Iraq and throughout the globe and the rate at which the global energy market will shift towards renewable energy sources.

Theoretical framework: Iraq's reliance on oil earnings and the country's overburdened public sector poses serious economic issues. There is a domination of state-owned firms, stringent laws, a need for more access to finance, a shortage of competent labor, and poor infrastructure that limits the expansion of numerous industries. Growth in recent years has not led to decreased poverty since the economy has changed greatly since 2014.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study included both retrospective and prospective approaches. The most pressing problems in implementing and making use of renewable energy sources were described and analyzed descriptively. Future outcomes for the Iraqi economy were envisioned using a prospective approach in the form of development scenarios.

Findings: A significant source of international capital flows and a key source of funding for economic growth, foreign direct investment (FDI) has mostly focused on the oil industry and certain tourism projects. As a result of the country's outdated energy grid, investors are interested in something other than investing in Iraq's electrical industry.

Research, practical & social implications: We describe the current issues confronting Iraqi economic development, including the need for more diversity in the economy, structural imbalances between the main sectors, and the near-total dependence on crude oil export revenues, resulting in a decline in industrial production.

Originality/Value: We describe the reality of the Iraqi economy, analyze the structure of Iraq's energy sector based on conventional energy, and then find out about the progress made in renewable energy and existing and future projects under fossil fuels.
САМОРАЗВИТИЕ СУБЪЕКТОВ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЙ В РОССИИ
Authors: Сагидов Юрий Нурмагомедович 
Published: August 2023

Введение. В представленной статье обоснована необходимость актуализации проблемы перехода регионов на саморазвитие, решение которой в России практически полностью игнорируется. Основной довод: высокоразвитыми странами являются те, в которых центром (органами государственного управления) создаются условия побуждения регионов к реализации собственных инициатив развития по критериям достижения регионами экономической состоятельности как основы политической и экономической состоятельности самого государства. Исходя из этого положения автором ставятся задачи исследования причин игнорирования актуализации проблемы саморазвития регионов и методологическое обоснование мер побуждения перехода регионов на саморазвитие. Методология. Автор утверждает, что Россия в течение всего послесоветского периода претерпевала не несколько дискретных кризисов, как принято отражать в научных публикациях, а находилась и остается в состоянии одного перманентно протекающего кризиса. Такой подход позволяет дать оценку результатов развития страны в едином временном пространстве. Это является основой методологической достоверности в характеристике и оценке выполнения автором цели и задач исследования – определения роли и состояния саморазвития регионов в контексте с исследованием отношений между центром и регионами как средоточия системных преобразований и обоснования подходов к их совершенствованию. В качестве инструментариев исследования используются труды отечественных и зарубежных ученых, касающихся проблемы включения в общественное производство людских ресурсов в качестве человеческого капитала, а также статистическая и практическая информация. Анализ и результаты. В работе выполнены характеристики и сравнения результатов реализации двух моделей политического и экономического обустройства по приоритетам статусов «регионы – центр» и «центр – регионы». Автор приходит к выводу о том, что практическая реализация обеих моделей привела в конечном итоге к реставрации подобия советского централизованного института политического и экономического управления в худшем варианте его экстрактивного исполнения. Регионы оказались отрешенными от возможности проявления инициативы активной хозяйственной деятельности, что угнетало и продолжает угнетать основы состоятельности государства и предопределяет детерминированную обусловленность его стагнации и деградации. В заключении даны выводы и обоснованы подходы к погашению негативных сторон модели отношений «центр – регион», предусматривающих трансформацию отношений между центром и регионами на качественно иной уровень, предполагающий согласование интересов на рыночных основах.
Optimasi Cacah Klaster pada Klasterisasi dengan Algoritma KMeans Menggunakan Silhouette Coeficient dan Elbow Method
Authors: Guntara Mohammad , Lutfi Nafisatul 
Published: August 2023

Mahasiswa drop out (DO) atau undur diri merupakan masalah yang perlu ditangani sedini mungkin. Banyaknya mahasiswa drop out (DO) akan menjadikan kualitas kinerja suatu perguruan tinggi akan menurun, disamping itu juga sebisa mungkin untuk dikurangi kasus mahasiswa drop out tersebut karena akan berdampak pada apresiasi masyarakat terhadap sistim pendidikan di perguruan tinggi.Untuk mengetahui terjadinya mahasiswa DO diperlukan klasterisasi, yang dalam hal ini proses klasterisasi tersebut digunakan Algoritma K-Means. Klaster yang baik adalah yang memiliki tingkat separasi yang tinggi.Untuk menentukan cacah klaster yang paling baik (optimal) digunakan 2 metode yakni Elbow Method dan Silhoutte Coefficient penggunaan 2 metode ini sekalgus untuk menguji sejauhmana kesamaan hasil penentuan cacah klasternya. Data training yang akan dibuat klas/label berjenis unsupervised learning dengan atribut: NIM, jumlah semester tidak aktif, jumlah sks, IPK, angkatan dan jumlah record (mahasiswa) 836 mahasiswa.Berdasarkan data training tersebut kemudian menggunakan Elbow Method dan Silhuette dihasilkan penentuan cacah klaster optimal yang sama yakni k=2. Berdasarkan nilai k ini kemudian dilakukan proses klasterisasi menggunakan algoritma K-Means dan menghasilkan klas Cluster_0 dan Cluster_1. Dari sisi jumlah klaster untuk Cluster_0 terdapat 755 mahasiswa dan Cluster_1 terdapat 85 mahasiswa. Cluster_0 ini didominasi mahasiswa DO karena IPK<2,00, jumlah sks yang diambil <90 sks, dan tidak-aktif-kuliah (cuti) > 4 semester.
Sistem Informasi Helpdesk Dalam Tata Kelola Teknologi Informasi Pada Diskominfo dan SP
Authors: Susanto Sri , Mulyati Mulyati 
Published: August 2023

Pelayanan yang baik menentukan kemajuan dari sautu instansi. penggunaan teknologi informasi kepada semua staf sangat banyak manfaatnya. Dan masih terdapat beberapa layanan TI yang mengalami kerusakan atau insiden pada Diskominfo, di mana insiden tersebut dapat mengganggu kegiatan dan layanan operasional dalam organisasi. Oleh karena itu di butuhkan sistem helpdesk yang berfungsi sebagai lapisan pertama yang harus dihubungi oleh end user bila mereka mendapatkan masalah. Untuk mendukung proses tersebut penulis merancang aplikasi helpdesk yang memiliki fungsi penginputan keluhan staf, pencatatan proses penanganan keluhan dari staf, menyimpan dan mengolah informasi dari staf dalam database yang nanti nya bisa menjadi data untuk pengembangan dan perbaikan untuk mencegah gangguan terulang. Sistem dikembangkan dengan metodologi Rational Unified Proccess (RUP) dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MySQL. PHP sebagai bahasa pemrograman yang mudah di mengerti oleh programmer web serta bersifat Open Source dan MySQL sebagai sistem manajemen database yang dapat di andalkan dan penggunaannya mudah untuk dipahami.