bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological control of strawberry diseases by Aureobasidium pullulans and sugar beet extract under field conditions
Authors: Iqbal Mudassir , Andreasson Erik , Stenberg Johan A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGrey mould (caused by Botrytis cinerea) is the most important pathogen underlying high fungicide dependence in strawberry fields. Reliable biocontrol agents (BCAs) with improved efficiency are needed to replace fungicides. The yeast-like beneficial fungus Aureobasidium pullulans (AP-SLU6) has previously exhibited great potential to combat grey mould in greenhouse environments. Here we report results from a two-year full-factorial field trial in a conventional strawberry field, in which we tested two different concentrations of A. pullulans (107 CFU/ml and 106 CFU/ml) and sugar beet extract (SBE). The results showed that all the field treatments reduced grey mould severity postharvest and increased shelf life of the harvested fruit in both years. The best effect was achieved using the highest conidial concentration of A. pullulans, which also resulted in 53% higher fruit production compared to the control treatment at the end of the season, indicating a plant-growth promoting effect of the BCA. These results reveal that spray applications of these novel BCAs contribute to reliable biocontrol of grey mould, leading to improvement of the shelf life of strawberry sales boxes. These findings suggest that A. pullulans and SBE can contribute to a shift from chemical fungicides to sustainable methods without compromising cropping security.
The Adoption of Circular Business Models in Germany: an Analysis of the DAX40 Companies
Authors: Al-Naami Mounir , Hofmann Kay H. , Griese Kai-Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn view of the rapid depletion of natural resources and the associated overloading of the biological ecosystem, the concept of circular business models (CBMs) is increasingly discussed in the literature as well as in business practice. CBMs have the potential to significantly reduce the demand for natural resources. Despite their increasing relevance, the diffusion of CBMs in business practice is largely unexplored. Consequently, this article investigates the extent to which CBMs have already been adopted by large German companies. To answer this question, the annual and sustainability reports of the members of the DAX40 are analyzed for the presence of five specific types of CBMs. Data was gathered for the years 2015 and 2020 in order to describe the development over time. The results show an increasing prevalence of CBMs in the DAX companies. In addition, it is noticeable that CBM types that serve to close material cycles are implemented more frequently than those that decelerate material cycles. In particular Sharing Platforms and Product as a Service stand out due to comparatively low adoption. Potential reasons for these findings are discussed and managerial as well as policy implications suggested.
Simple and universal function of acetic acid to overcome the drought crisis
Authors: Kudo Toru , To Taiko Kim , Kim Jong-Myong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcetic acid is a simple and universal compound found in various organisms. Recently, acetic acid was found to play an essential role in conferring tolerance to water deficit stress in plants. This novel mechanism of drought stress tolerance mediated by acetic acid via networks involving phytohormones, genes, and chromatin regulation has great potential for solving the global food crisis and preventing desertification caused by global warming. We highlight the functions of acetic acid in conferring tolerance to water deficit stress.
Shut Up & Write!® builds writing self-efficacy and self-regulation in early-career researchers
Authors: Proulx Chelsea N. , Rubio Doris M. , Norman Marie K. , Mayowski Colleen A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
High writing self-efficacy and self-regulation are tied to publication and grant submission. Writers with these attributes are more productive. We investigated whether participating in a Shut Up & Write!®-style intervention (SUAW) would produce statistically significant gains in writing self-efficacy and self-regulation when comparing pre-post-participation surveys.

Methods:
Forty-seven medical students, TL1/KL2, and early-career faculty from across the USA expressed interest in participating, with 37 completing the pre-survey. We conducted (on Zoom) a 12-week SUAW series and measured the effect using a pre-post survey adapted from the Writer Self-Perception Scale. Paired t-tests (α = 0.05) were conducted on three subscales to test for significant differences between pre- and post-test means. The subscales reflected writing attitudes, writing strategies, and avoiding writing distractions. Subscales showed acceptable internal consistency with Cronbach’s alphas of 0.80, 0.71, and 0.72, respectively.

Results:
Twenty-seven participants attended at least one session. Of these, 81% presented as female, and 60% were from NIH-defined Underrepresented Backgrounds and/or were from Minority-Serving Institutions. Twenty-four completed both the pre- and post-surveys. Sixty percent previously participated in an activity similar to SUAW. We found significant improvements in writing attitudes (p = 0.020) and writing strategies (p = 0.041) for those who previously participated. For those who had not previously participated, we found improved writing strategies (p = 0.002). Eighty percent were very satisfied/satisfied with SUAW.

Discussion:
Researchers have tied writing self-efficacy and self-regulation to timely publication and grant submission. We found significant gains in self-efficacy and self-regulation, suggesting that participation in a SUAW-style intervention may increase writing productivity.
A confirmation of a conjecture on Feldman’s two-armed bandit problem
Authors: Chen Zengjing , Lin Yiwei , Zhang Jichen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe myopic strategy is one of the most important strategies when studying bandit problems. In 2018, Nouiehed and Ross put forward a conjecture about Feldman’s bandit problem (J. Appl. Prob. (2018) 55, 318–324). They proposed that for Bernoulli two-armed bandit problems, the myopic strategy stochastically maximizes the number of wins. In this paper we consider the two-armed bandit problem with more general distributions and utility functions. We confirm this conjecture by proving a stronger result: if the agent playing the bandit has a general utility function, the myopic strategy is still optimal if and only if this utility function satisfies reasonable conditions.
Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of Olibanum extract against enteric and intramuscular phases of trichinosis in experimentally infected mice
Authors: Matar A.M. , Kora M.A. , Shendi S.S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTrichinosis is a global food-borne zoonotic disease. Most drugs used in its treatment have low bioavailability and reduced activity against larvae. Therefore, there is an urgent need for safe and effective medications. This study aimed to investigate thein vivoanti-parasitic and anti-inflammatory efficacy of olibanum (OL) extract, alone or combined with albendazole (ABZ) during both intestinal and muscular phases of trichinosis. Male Swiss albino mice (n = 130) were allocated to seven groups, with 20 mice in each group except for the negative control group (10 mice): negative control (GI), positive control (GII), OL25- treated (GIII), OL50- treated (GIV), ABZ50- treated (GV), OL25 + ABZ25 (GVI), and OL50 + ABZ25 (GVII). For intestinal and muscular phase analysis, each group was divided into two subgroups based on euthanizing day (6 and 35 days post-infection). The drug’s efficacy was evaluated through parasitological, biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical studies. OL extract at both concentrations (25 mg/kg/d, 50 mg/kg/d) significantly reduced adult (53.7% and 68.1%, respectively) and larval counts (57.3% and 78.8%, respectively). It improved the histopathological changes in intestine and muscle. The expression of CD8+T cells and the serum level of IL-10 increased significantly during both intestinal and muscular phases (P< 0.05) in OL50 treated mice. Additionally, OL decreased abnormal levels of liver enzymes (ALT & AST). Its effects were dose-dependent in both adult and larval stages. In conclusion, OL exhibits promisingin vivoactivity against both stages ofTrichinella spiralisinfection, particularly at the intramuscular phase. It can be safe as an alternative treatment for trichinosis.
The wisdom of ghosts
Authors: Clack Beverley 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAccording to Carolyne Larrington, legends of the past ‘offer particular kinds of answers – beautiful and mysterious answers. . . – to very large questions through a kind of metaphorical thinking . . . which, in their stripped-down clarity, show us what's really important in an unfamiliar light’. The claim that ‘what is really important [is disclosed] by casting it in an unfamiliar light’ I take into a philosophical engagement with the figure of the ghost. Far from being of dubious interest for the philosopher of religion, the continuing fascination with ghosts and hauntings offers promising ground for the discussion of religion, for the study of ghosts holds out the possibility of engaging with the wonder and terror of the human condition. The figure of something that is dead yet alive is a creative representation of the fact that we who are alive are also mortal, destined to die. The resulting confrontation with death arouses anxiety, but also has the potential to enrich life. The wisdom of the ghost thus enables the possibility of returning philosophy of religion to the great themes of human existence – birth, suffering, loss, and death – which provide rich resources for understanding religion and its relation to the experience of being human.
Framing dementia care in families with a migration background: an analysis of practitioners’ and family carers’ views and experiences
Authors: Ahmad Menal , Saharso Sawitri , Tonkens Evelien 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLittle is known regarding the ways in which practitioners’ views and approaches impact support for persons with a migration background (PwM) caring for individuals with dementia. This paper responds to this knowledge gap by identifying how practitioners frame dementia care in families with a migration background, and how these frames can be understood in light of the experiences of PwM caring for a family member with dementia. A total of 41 participants were included: ten practitioners (i.e. health and social care workers) and 31 PwM caring for a family member with dementia. All participants were part of a qualitative research project on dementia care in Dutch families with a migration background. Practitioners’ expressed frames were identified through Hochschild’s interpretive framework of ‘framing and feeling rules’. Thereafter, practitioners’ identified frames were related to the care experiences of PwM caring for a family member with dementia. Findings indicate that practitioners operate within an approach that does not sufficiently take into account the uniqueness of each family carer. This leads to frictions within the practitioner–client relationship. We thus highlight the need for discussions about the tenability of practitioners’ views and approaches in an increasingly globalised and diverse society.
Subject specific optimal control of powered knee exoskeleton to assist human lifting tasks under controlled environment
Authors: Arefeen Asif , Xiang Yujiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWearable robots, sometimes known as exoskeletons, are incredible devices for improving human strength, reducing fatigue, and restoring impaired mobility. The control of powered exoskeletons, on the other hand, is still a challenge. This necessitates the development of a technique to simulate exoskeleton–wearer interaction. This study uses a two-dimensional human skeletal model with a powered knee exoskeleton to predict the optimal lifting motion and assistive torque. For lifting motion prediction, an inverse dynamics optimization formulation is utilized. In addition, the electromechanical dynamics of the exoskeleton DC motor are modeled in the lifting optimization formulation. The design variables are human joint angle profiles and exoskeleton motor current profiles. The human joint torque square is minimized subject to physical and lifting task constraints. Then, the lifting optimization problem is solved by the gradient-based sparse nonlinear optimizer (SNOPT). Furthermore, the optimal exoskeleton torque is implemented through a two-phase control strategy to provide optimal assistance in lifting. Experimental validations of the optimal control with 6 Nm and 16 Nm maximum assistive torque are presented. Both 6 Nm and 16 Nm maximum optimal assistance of the exoskeletons reduce the mean values of vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, and latissimus dorsi muscle activations compared to the lifting without the exoskeleton. However, the mean value of the vastus medialis activation is increased by a small amount for the exoskeleton case, although its peak value is reduced. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed lifting optimization formulation and control strategy are promising for powered knee exoskeleton for lifting tasks.
Phase 1 study of GSK3368715, a type I PRMT inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: El-Khoueiry Anthony B. , Clarke James , Neff Tobias , Crossman Tim , Ratia Nirav , Rathi Chetan , Noto Paul , Tarkar Aarti , Garrido-Laguna Ignacio , Calvo Emiliano , Rodón Jordi , Tran Ben , O’Dwyer Peter J. , Cuker Adam , Abdul Razak Albiruni R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
GSK3368715, a first-in-class, reversible inhibitor of type I protein methyltransferases (PRMTs) demonstrated anticancer activity in preclinical studies. This Phase 1 study (NCT03666988) evaluated safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary efficacy of GSK3368715 in adults with advanced-stage solid tumors.

Methods
In part 1, escalating doses of oral once-daily GSK3368715 (50, 100, and 200 mg) were evaluated. Enrollment was paused at 200 mg following a higher-than-expected incidence of thromboembolic events (TEEs) among the first 19 participants, resuming under a protocol amendment starting at 100 mg. Part 2 (to evaluate preliminary efficacy) was not initiated.

Results
Dose-limiting toxicities were reported in 3/12 (25%) patients at 200 mg. Nine of 31 (29%) patients across dose groups experienced 12 TEEs (8 grade 3 events and 1 grade 5 pulmonary embolism). Best response achieved was stable disease, occurring in 9/31 (29%) patients. Following single and repeat dosing, GSK3368715 maximum plasma concentration was reached within 1 h post dosing. Target engagement was observed in the blood, but was modest and variable in tumor biopsies at 100 mg.

Conclusion
Based on higher-than-expected incidence of TEEs, limited target engagement at lower doses, and lack of observed clinical efficacy, a risk/benefit analysis led to early study termination.

Trial registration number
NCT03666988.
Prevalence of co-existent neoplasia in clinically diagnosed pterygia in a UK population
Authors: Quhill Hibba , Magan Tejal , Thaung Caroline , Sagoo Mandeep S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) and pterygia share risk factors and co-exist in only a minority of cases. Reported rates of OSSN in specimens sent as pterygium for histopathological analysis vary between 0% and nearly 10%, with the highest rates reported in countries with high levels of ultraviolet light exposure. As there is a paucity of data in European populations, the aim of this study was to report the prevalence of co-existent OSSN or other neoplastic disease in clinically suspected pterygium specimens sent to a specialist ophthalmic pathology service in London, United Kingdom.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review of sequential histopathology records of patients with excised tissue submitted as suspected “pterygium” between 1997 and 2021.

Results
In total, 2061 specimens of pterygia were received during the 24-year period, with a prevalence of neoplasia in those specimens of 0.6% (n = 12). On detailed review of the medical records of these patients, half (n = 6) had the pre-operative clinical suspicion of possible OSSN. Of those cases without clinical suspicion pre-operatively, one was diagnosed with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva.

Conclusion
In this study, rates of unexpected diagnoses are reassuringly low. These results may challenge accepted dogma, and influence future guidance for the indications for submitting non-suspicious pterygia for histopathological analysis.
Odor-regulated oviposition behavior in an ecological specialist
Authors: Álvarez-Ocaña Raquel , Shahandeh Michael P. , Ray Vijayaditya , Auer Thomas O. , Gompel Nicolas , Benton Richard 
Published: May 2023

AbstractColonization of a novel ecological niche can require, or be driven by, evolution of an animal’s behaviors promoting their reproductive success. We investigated the evolution and sensory basis of oviposition in Drosophila sechellia, a close relative of Drosophila melanogaster that exhibits extreme specialism for Morinda citrifolia noni fruit. D. sechellia produces fewer eggs than other drosophilids and lays these almost exclusively on noni substrates. We show that visual, textural and social cues do not explain this species-specific preference. By contrast, we find that loss of olfactory input in D. sechellia, but not D. melanogaster, essentially abolishes egg-laying, suggesting that olfaction gates gustatory-driven noni preference. Noni odors are detected by redundant olfactory pathways, but we discover a role for hexanoic acid and the cognate Ionotropic receptor 75b (Ir75b) in odor-evoked oviposition. Through receptor exchange in D. melanogaster, we provide evidence for a causal contribution of odor-tuning changes in Ir75b to the evolution of D. sechellia’s oviposition behavior.
General nonlinear Hall current in magnetic insulators beyond the quantum anomalous Hall effect
Authors: Kaplan Daniel , Holder Tobias , Yan Binghai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCan a generic magnetic insulator exhibit a Hall current? The quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) is one example of an insulating bulk carrying a quantized Hall conductivity while insulators with zero Chern number present zero Hall conductance in the linear response regime. Here, we find that a general magnetic insulator possesses a nonlinear Hall conductivity quadratic to the electric field if the system breaks inversion symmetry, which can be identified as a new type of multiferroic coupling. This conductivity originates from an induced orbital magnetization due to virtual interband transitions. We identify three contributions to the wavepacket motion, a velocity shift, a positional shift, and a Berry curvature renormalization. In contrast to the crystalline solid, we find that this nonlinear Hall conductivity vanishes for Landau levels of a 2D electron gas, indicating a fundamental difference between the QAHE and the integer quantum Hall effect.
Real-world effectiveness of antidepressant use in persons with schizophrenia: within-individual study of 61,889 subjects
Authors: Puranen Arto , Koponen Marjaana , Lähteenvuo Markku , Tanskanen Antti , Tiihonen Jari , Taipale Heidi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the real-world effectiveness of antidepressant use in persons with schizophrenia. The register-based study cohort included all 61,889 persons treated in inpatient care due to schizophrenia during 1972–2014 in Finland. The main outcome was hospitalization due to psychosis and secondary outcomes included non-psychiatric hospitalization and all-cause mortality. We used within-individual design to compare the risk of hospitalization-based outcomes during the time periods of antidepressant use to antidepressant non-use periods within the same person, and traditional between-individual Cox models for mortality. The risk of psychosis hospitalization was lower during antidepressant use as compared to non-use (adjusted Hazard Ratio, aHR, 0.93, 95% CI 0.92–0.95). Antidepressants were associated with a decreased risk of mortality (aHR 0.80, 95% CI 0.76–0.85) and a slightly increased risk of non-psychiatric hospitalization (aHR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.06). In conclusion, these results indicate that antidepressants might be useful and relatively safe to use in this population.
Theoretical investigation of dynamics and concurrence of entangled $${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$ and anti-$${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$ symmetric polarized photons
Authors: Akram Javed , Zheng Chao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNon-Hermitian systems with parity-time $$\mathcal {(PT)}$$

(
PT
)

symmetry and anti-parity-time $$\mathcal {(APT)}$$

(
APT
)

symmetry have exceptional points (EPs) resulting from eigenvector co-coalescence with exceptional properties. In the quantum and classical domains, higher-order EPs for $${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

symmetry and $$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
-symmetry systems have been proposed and realized. Both two-qubits $$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
-$$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
and $${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

-$${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

symmetric systems have seen an increase in recent years, especially in the dynamics of quantum entanglement. However, to our knowledge, neither theoretical nor experimental investigations have been conducted for the dynamics of two-qubits entanglement in the $${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

-$$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
symmetric system. We investigate the $${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

-$$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
dynamics for the first time. Moreover, we examine the impact of different initial Bell-state conditions on entanglement dynamics in $${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

-$${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

, $$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
-$$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
and $${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

-$$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
symmetric systems. Additionally, we conduct a comparative study of entanglement dynamics in the $${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

-$${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

symmetrical system, $$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
-$$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
symmetrical system, and $${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

-$$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
symmetrical systems in order to learn more about non-Hermitian quantum systems and their environments. Entangled qubits evolve in a $${{\mathcal {P}}}{{\mathcal {T}}}$$

P
T

-$$\mathcal {APT}$$
APT
symmetric unbroken regime, the entanglement oscillates with two different oscillation frequencies, and the entanglement is well preserved for a long period of time for the case when non-Hermitian parts of both qubits are taken quite away from the exceptional points.