bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flip a coin: cell senescence at the maternal–fetal interface
Authors: Gong Guang-Shun , Muyayalo Kahindo P , Zhang Yu-Jing , Lin Xin-Xiu , Liao Ai-Hua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
During pregnancy, cell senescence at the maternal–fetal interface is required for maternal well-being, placental development, and fetal growth. However, recent reports have shown that aberrant cell senescence is associated with multiple pregnancy-associated abnormalities, such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restrictions, recurrent pregnancy loss, and preterm birth. Therefore, the role and impact of cell senescence during pregnancy requires further comprehension. In this review, we discuss the principal role of cell senescence at the maternal–fetal interface, emphasizing its “bright side” during decidualization, placentation, and parturition. In addition, we highlight the impact of its deregulation and how this “dark side” promotes pregnancy-associated abnormalities. Furthermore, we discuss novel and less invasive therapeutic practices associated with the modulation of cell senescence during pregnancy.
Is social work a dangerous profession in China? An analysis of client violence towards social workers in central China
Authors: Qin Haibo , Zhao Yanyan , Li Yukun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Client violence is a persistent problem that seriously disturbs the physical and mental health of social workers worldwide; however, there is very limited discussion around this issue in China. This mixed-methods study included 602 social workers from three provinces in central China. The quantitative results (N = 602) revealed an overall level of violence of 48.17 per cent, with verbal violence being the most common. Significant differences were found in client violence by gender, work experience and field of work. The qualitative results (N = 20) revealed that client violence is closely related to the institution, culture and work patterns in the field. The results of this study can be combined with the Chinese social background and cultural context to discuss the reasons for lower levels of client violence in China compared to other countries.
Unsettling Discourses of Cross-Cultural Social Work Practice: Moving from Theoretical Debates to Interrogating and Transforming Praxis
Authors: Lee Eunjung 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cultural competence is one of the most debated concepts in social work. Whilst some scholars view it as a central tenet of social work theory, practice and education, others critique it as a new form of racism and even encourage its abandonment in social work. Amidst this fierce debate, this article attempts to answer the following question: How do we become entrapped by our own thinking when it comes to fostering or critiquing cultural competence and related constructs as well as understanding their embodiment in everyday social work practice? Using a post-structural lens, especially Foucault’s work on the ‘Order of Things’ in society, this article interrogates discourses and praxis in cross-cultural social work practice (CCSWP). After briefly examining the pervasive concepts of cultural competence, cultural humility and structural competence currently in circulation, this article elaborates upon debated discourses and interrogates the praxis underlying CCSWP. Instead of descending into semantic and theoretical debates and promoting one dogmatism above others, it is essential to assume a position of ongoing interrogation and critique of the pervasive discourses and praxis of cultural competence and alternative concepts. Doing so can promote reflective CCSWP and create the possibility for transformative change in social work practice.
RNA sequencing reveals the implication of the circRNA-associated ceRNA network in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Dai Suli , Zhang Cong , Wei Xiaojian , Wang Xiaohan , Wen Yang , Gao Feng , Zhao Lianmei , Shan Baoen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted increasing attention in cancer research. However, there are few studies about the high-throughput sequencing for clinical cohorts focussing on the expression characteristics and regulatory networks of circRNAs in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) until now. Present study aim to comprehensively recognize the functional and mechanistic patterns of circRNA through constructing a circRNA-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in ESCC. Summarily, RNA high-throughput sequencing was adopted to assess the circRNA, miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in ESCC. Through bioinformatics methods, a circRNA–miRNA–mRNA coexpression network was constructed and hub genes was identified. Finally, cellular function experiments combined with bioinformatics analysis were conducted to verify the identified circRNA was involved in the progression of ESCC through ceRNA mechanism. In this study, we established a ceRNA regulatory network, including 5 circRNAs, 7 miRNAs and 197 target mRNAs, and 20 hub genes were screened and identified to exert important roles in the progression of ESCC. As a verification, hsa_circ_0002470 (circIFI6) was revealed to be highly expressed in ESCC and regulate the expression of hub genes by absorbing miR-497-5p and miR-195-5p through ceRNA mechanism. Our results further indicated that silencing of circIFI6 repressed proliferation and migration of ESCC cells, highlighting the tumour promotion effects of circIFI6 in ESCC. Collectively, our study contributes a new insight into the progression of ESCC from the perspective of the circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network, shedding light on the circRNA research in ESCC.
NRF1 knockdown alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary inflammatory injury by upregulating DKK3 and inhibiting the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Kang Le , Wang Xinhua , Wang Jianfang , Guo Jing , Zhang Wang , Lei Ruirui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Excessive inflammatory injury is the main cause of the incidence of severe neonatal pneumonia (NP) and associated deaths. Although dickkopf-3 (DKK3) exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in numerous pathological processes, its role in NP is still unknown. In this study, human embryonic lung WI-38 and MRC-5 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammatory injury of NP in vitro. The expression of DKK3 was downregulated in LPS-stimulated WI-38 and MRC-5 cells. DKK3 overexpression decreased LPS-induced inhibition of cell viability, and reduced LPS-induced apoptosis of WI-38 and MRC-5 cells. DKK3 overexpression also reduced LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory factors such as ROS, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α. Nuclear respiratory factors 1 (NRF1) knockdown was found to upregulate DKK3 and inactivate the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway in LPS-injured WI-38 and MRC-5 cells. NRF1 knockdown also suppressed LPS-induced inhibition on cell viability, repressed LPS-induced apoptosis, and inhibited the accumulation of ROS, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α in LPS-injured WI-38 and MRC-5 cells. DKK3 knockdown or re-activation of the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway reversed the inhibitory effects of NRF1 knockdown on LPS-induced inflammatory injury. In conclusion, NRF1 knockdown can alleviate LPS-triggered inflammatory injury by regulating DKK3 and the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.
Colonization With Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in a Hospital and Associated Communities in Guatemala: An Antibiotic Resistance in Communities and Hospitals (ARCH) Study
Authors: Ramay Brooke M , Castillo Carmen , Grajeda Laura , Santos Lucas F , Romero Juan Carlos , Lopez Maria Renee , Gomez Andrea , Caudell Mark , Smith Rachel M , Styczynski Ashley , Herzig Carolyn T A , Bollinger Susan , Ning Mariangeli Freitas , Horton Jennifer , Omulo Sylvia , Palmer Guy H , Cordon-Rosales Celia , Call Douglas R 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
We estimated the prevalence of colonization with extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (ESCrE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) from a hospital and associated communities in western Guatemala.

Methods
Randomly selected infants, children, and adults (&lt;1, 1–17, and ≥18 years, respectively) were enrolled from the hospital (n = 641) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, March to September 2021. Community participants were enrolled using a 3-stage cluster design between November 2019 and March 2020 (phase 1, n = 381) and between July 2020 and May 2021 (phase 2, with COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, n = 538). Stool samples were streaked onto selective chromogenic agar, and a Vitek 2 instrument was used to verify ESCrE or CRE classification. Prevalence estimates were weighted to account for sampling design.

Results
The prevalence of colonization with ESCrE and CRE was higher among hospital patients compared to community participants (ESCrE: 67% vs 46%, P &lt; .01; CRE: 37% vs 1%, P &lt; .01). Hospital ESCrE colonization was higher for adults (72%) compared with children (65%) and infants (60%) (P &lt; .05). Colonization was higher for adults (50%) than children (40%) in the community (P &lt; .05). There was no difference in ESCrE colonization between phase 1 and 2 (45% and 47%, respectively, P &gt; .05), although reported use of antibiotics among households declined (23% and 7%, respectively, P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
While hospitals remain foci for ESCrE and CRE colonization, consistent with the need for infection control programs, community prevalence of ESCrE in this study was high, potentially adding to colonization pressure and transmission in healthcare settings. Better understanding of transmission dynamics and age-related factors is needed.
Using Colonization to Understand the Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance Across Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Styczynski Ashley , Herzig Carolyn , Luvsansharav Ulzii-Orshikh , McDonald L Clifford , Smith Rachel M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Understanding the burden of antibiotic resistance globally is hindered by incomplete surveillance, particularly across low-resource settings. The Antibiotic Resistance in Communities and Hospitals (ARCH) consortium encompasses sites across 6 resource-limited settings and is intended to address these gaps. Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the ARCH studies seek to characterize the burden of antibiotic resistance by examining colonization prevalence at the community and hospital level and to evaluate for risk factors that are associated with colonization. In this supplement, 7 articles present results from these initial studies. Though future studies identifying and evaluating prevention strategies will be critical to mitigate spreading resistance and its impact on populations, the findings from these studies address important questions surrounding the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance.
A 7-Year Brazilian National Perspective on Plasmid-Mediated Carbapenem Resistance in Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii Complex and the Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Their Occurrence
Authors: Kiffer Carlos R V , Rezende Thais F T , Costa-Nobre Daniela Testoni , Marinonio Ana Sílvia Scavacini , Shiguenaga Lucas Hidemitsu , Kulek Debora Nicole Oliveira , Arend Lavinia Nery Villa Stangler , Santos Ivson Cassiano de Oliveira , Sued-Karam Bruna Ribeiro , Rocha-de-Souza Claudio Marcos , Kraft Leticia , Abreu Andre , Peral Renata Tigulini de Souza , Carvalho-Assef Ana Paula D’Alincourt , Pillonetto Marcelo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Carbapenemase production is a global public health threat. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data analysis is critical to public health policy. Here we analyzed carbapenemase detection trends using the AMR Brazilian Surveillance Network.

Methods
Carbapenemase detection data from Brazilian hospitals included in the public laboratory information system dataset were evaluated. The detection rate (DR) was defined as carbapenemase detected by gene tested per isolate per year. The temporal trends were estimated using the Prais–Winsten regression model. The impact of COVID-19 on carbapenemase genes in Brazil was determined for the period 2015–2022. Detection pre- (October 2017 to March 2020) and post-pandemic onset (April 2020 to September 2022) was compared using the χ2 test. Analyses were performed with Stata 17.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX).

Results
83 282 blaKPC and 86 038 blaNDM were tested for all microorganisms. Enterobacterales DR for blaKPC and blaNDM was 68.6% (41 301/60 205) and 14.4% (8377/58 172), respectively. P. aeruginosa DR for blaNDM was 2.5% (313/12 528). An annual percent increase for blaNDM of 41.1% was observed, and a decrease for blaKPC of −4.0% in Enterobacterales, and an annual increase for blaNDM of 71.6% and for blaKPC of 22.2% in P. aeruginosa. From 2020 to 2022, overall increases of 65.2% for Enterobacterales, 77.7% for ABC, and 61.3% for P. aeruginosa were observed in the total isolates.

Conclusions
This study shows the strengths of the AMR Brazilian Surveillance Network with robust data related to carbapenemases in Brazil and the impact of COVID-19 with a change in carbapenemase profiles with blaNDM rising over the years.
Trends in Inpatient Antibiotic Use Among Adults Hospitalized During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, 2018–2021
Authors: Patel Twisha S , McGovern Olivia L , Mahon Garrett , Osuka Hanako , Boszczowski Icaro , Munita Jose M , Garzon Maria Isabel , Salomao Matias C , Marssola Giovanna , Tavares Bruno M , Francisco Debora B , Gurgel Alessandra P A , Arantes Tiago , Bori Andrea , Nogueira Cassimiro , Peters Anne , Spencer Maria , Orellana Cristian , Barbe Mario , Lopez Constanza , Stender Stacie , Lessa Fernanda C 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
High rates of antibiotic use (AU) among inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) despite low rates of bacterial coinfection and secondary infection have been reported. We evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on AU in healthcare facilities (HCFs) in South America.

Methods
We conducted an ecologic evaluation of AU in inpatient adult acute care wards in 2 HCFs each in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. The AU rates for intravenous antibiotics were calculated as the defined daily dose per 1000 patient-days, using pharmacy dispensing records and hospitalization data from March 2018–February 2020 (prepandemic) and March 2020–February 2021 (pandemic). Differences in median AU were compared between the prepandemic and pandemic periods, using the Wilcoxon rank sum test to determine significance. Interrupted time series analysis was used to analyze changes in AU during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results
Compared with the prepandemic period, the median difference in AU rates for all antibiotics combined increased in 4 of 6 HCFs (percentage change, 6.7%–35.1%; P &lt; .05). In the interrupted time series models, 5 of 6 HCFs had significant increases in use of all antibiotics combined immediately at the onset of the pandemic (immediate effect estimate range, 15.4–268), but only 1 of these 5 HCFs experienced a sustained increase over time (change in slope, +8.13; P &lt; .01). The effect of the pandemic onset varied by antibiotic group and HCF.

Conclusions
Substantial increases in AU were observed at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting the need to maintain or strengthen antibiotic stewardship activities as part of pandemic or emergency HCF responses.
Transmission of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in an Overcrowded Emergency Department: Controlling the Spread to the Hospital
Authors: Salomão Matias C , Freire Maristela P , Lázari Carolina S , Cury Ana P , Rossi Flávia , Segurado Aluisio A C , Costa Silvia F , Levin Anna S , Boszczowski Ícaro ,   Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacterales in Emergency Department (CRE-ED) Task Force, Tolentino Raphael B R , Bubach Laina , Almeida Bianca L , Barreira Lia M , Saihg Priscilla C , Yokogawa Roberta V P , Guedes Ana Rubia , Guimarães Thais 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Overcrowded emergency departments (EDs) may increase the risk of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) transmission.

Methods
We conducted a quasi-experimental study divided into 2 phases (baseline and intervention) to investigate the impact of an intervention on the acquisition rate and identify risk factors for CRE colonization in an ED of a tertiary academic hospital in Brazil. In both phases, we did universal screening with rapid molecular test (blaKPC, blaNDM, blaOXA48, blaOXA23, and blaIMP) and culture. At baseline, both screening test results were not reported, and patients were put under contact precautions (CP) based on previous colonization or infection by multidrug-resistant organisms. During the intervention, all patients hospitalized in the ED were placed in empiric CP and the result of CRE screening was reported; if negative, patients were released from CP. Patients were rescreened if they stayed &gt;7 days in the ED or were transferred to an intensive care unit.

Results
A total of 845 patients were included: 342 in baseline and 503 in intervention. Colonization at admission was 3.4% by culture and molecular test. Acquisition rates during ED stay dropped from 4.6% (11/241) to 1% (5/416) during intervention (P = .06). The aggregated antimicrobial use in the ED decreased from phase 1 to phase 2 (804 defined daily doses [DDD]/1000 patients to 394 DDD/1000 patients, respectively). Length of stay &gt;2 days in the ED was a risk factor for CRE acquisition (adjusted odds ratio, 4.58 [95% confidence interval, 1.44–14.58]; P = .01).

Conclusions
Early empiric CP and rapid identification of CRE-colonized patients reduce cross-transmission in ED. Nevertheless, staying &gt;2 days in ED compromised efforts.
High Burden of Intestinal Colonization With Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria in Chile: An Antibiotic Resistance in Communities and Hospitals (ARCH) Study
Authors: Araos Rafael , Smith Rachel M , Styczynski Ashley , Sánchez Felipe , Acevedo Johanna , Maureira Lea , Paredes Catalina , González Maite , Rivas Lina , Spencer-Sandino Maria , Peters Anne , Khan Ayesha , Sepulveda Dino , Wettig Loreto Rojas , Rioseco María Luisa , Usedo Pedro , Soto Pamela Rojas , Huidobro Laura Andrea , Ferreccio Catterina , Park Benjamin J , Undurraga Eduardo , D’Agata Erika M C , Jara Alejandro , Munita Jose M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat, heavily impacting low- and middle-income countries. This study estimated antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative bacteria (GNB) fecal colonization prevalence in hospitalized and community-dwelling adults in Chile before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Methods
From December 2018 to May 2019, we enrolled hospitalized adults in 4 public hospitals and community dwellers from central Chile, who provided fecal specimens and epidemiological information. Samples were plated onto MacConkey agar with ciprofloxacin or ceftazidime added. All recovered morphotypes were identified and characterized according to the following phenotypes: fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQR), extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESCR), carbapenem-resistant (CR), or multidrug-resistant (MDR; as per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria) GNB. Categories were not mutually exclusive.

Results
A total of 775 hospitalized adults and 357 community dwellers were enrolled. Among hospitalized subjects, the prevalence of colonization with FQR, ESCR, CR, or MDR-GNB was 46.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.9–50.0), 41.2% (95% CI, 37.7–44.6), 14.5% (95% CI, 12.0–16.9), and 26.3% (95% CI, 23.2–29.4). In the community, the prevalence of FQR, ESCR, CR, and MDR-GNB colonization was 39.5% (95% CI, 34.4–44.6), 28.9% (95% CI, 24.2–33.6), 5.6% (95% CI, 3.2–8.0), and 4.8% (95% CI, 2.6–7.0), respectively.

Conclusions
A high burden of antimicrobial-resistant GNB colonization was observed in this sample of hospitalized and community-dwelling adults, suggesting that the community is a relevant source of antibiotic resistance. Efforts are needed to understand the relatedness between resistant strains circulating in the community and hospitals.
Infectious Diseases Consultation Associated With Reduced Mortality in Gram-Negative Bacteremia
Authors: Shulder Stephanie , Tamma Pranita D , Fiawoo Suiyini , Dzintars Kathryn , Escobar Daniel , Livorsi Daniel J , Malani Anurag N , Palacio Danica , Spivak Emily S , Zimmerman Matty , Bork Jacqueline T 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Gram-negative bacteremia (GN-BSI) can cause significant morbidity and mortality, but the benefit of infectious diseases consultation (IDC) is not well defined. A 24-site observational cohort study of unique hospitalized patients with 4861 GN-BSI episodes demonstrated a 40% decreased risk of 30-day mortality in patients with IDC compared to those without IDC.
Mycoplasma genitalium in the US (MyGeniUS): Surveillance Data From Sexual Health Clinics in 4 US Regions
Authors: Manhart Lisa E , Leipertz Gina , Soge Olusegun O , Jordan Stephen J , McNeil Candice , Pathela Preeti , Reno Hilary , Wendel Karen , Parker Anika , Geisler William M , Getman Damon , Golden Matthew R ,   for the MyGeniUS Study Team, Berzkalns Anna , Iqbal Alfred , Pascual Rushlenne , Wakatake Erika , Swenson Paul , Fortenberry Lora , Coss Lisa , Kamis Kevin , Nishiyama Masayo , Alderton Lucy , Weingarten Lawrence , Blair Laura , Strope Dana , Lewis Andrea , Jamison Kelly 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is on the CDC Watch List of Antimicrobial Resistance Threats, yet there is no systematic surveillance to monitor change.

Methods
We initiated surveillance in sexual health clinics in 6 cities, selecting a quota sample of urogenital specimens tested for gonorrhea and/or chlamydia. We abstracted patient data from medical records and detected MG and macrolide-resistance mutations (MRMs) by nucleic acid amplification testing. We used Poisson regression to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% CIs, adjusting for sampling criteria (site, birth sex, symptom status).

Results
From October–December 2020 we tested 1743 urogenital specimens: 57.0% from males, 46.1% from non-Hispanic Black persons, and 43.8% from symptomatic patients. MG prevalence was 16.6% (95% CI: 14.9–18.5%; site-specific range: 9.9–23.5%) and higher in St Louis (aPR: 1.9; 1.27–2.85), Greensboro (aPR: 1.8; 1.18–2.79), and Denver (aPR: 1.7; 1.12–2.44) than Seattle. Prevalence was highest in persons &lt;18 years (30.4%) and declined 3% per each additional year of age (aPR: .97; .955–.982). MG was detected in 26.8%, 21.1%, 11.8%, and 15.4% of urethritis, vaginitis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), respectively. It was present in 9% of asymptomatic males and 15.4% of asymptomatic females, and associated with male urethritis (aPR: 1.7; 1.22–2.50) and chlamydia (aPR: 1.7; 1.13–2.53). MRM prevalence was 59.1% (95% CI: 53.1–64.8%; site-specific range: 51.3–70.6%). MRMs were associated with vaginitis (aPR: 1.8; 1.14–2.85), cervicitis (aPR: 3.5; 1.69–7.30), and PID cervicitis (aPR: 1.8; 1.09–3.08).

Conclusions
MG infection is common in persons at high risk of sexually transmitted infections; testing symptomatic patients would facilitate appropriate therapy. Macrolide resistance is high and azithromycin should not be used without resistance testing.