bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common and Uncommon CT Findings in CVID-Related GL-ILD: Correlations with Clinical Parameters, Therapeutic Decisions and Potential Implications in the Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Scarpa Riccardo , Cinetto Francesco , Milito Cinzia , Gianese Sabrina , Soccodato Valentina , Buso Helena , Garzi Giulia , Carrabba Maria , Messina Emanuele , Panebianco Valeria , Catalano Carlo , Morana Giovanni , Lougaris Vassilios , Landini Nicholas , Bondioni Maria Pia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate computed tomography (CT) findings of Granulomatous Lymphocytic Interstitial Lung Disease (GL-ILD) in Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID), also in comparison with non-GL-ILD abnormalities, correlating GL-ILD features with functional/immunological parameters and looking for GL-ILD therapy predictive elements.

Methods
CT features of 38 GL-ILD and 38 matched non-GL-ILD subjects were retrospectively described. Correlations of GL-ILD features with functional/immunological features were assessed. A logistic regression was performed to find a predictive model of GL-ILD therapeutic decisions.

Results
Most common GL-ILD CT findings were bronchiectasis, non-perilymphatic nodules, consolidations, Ground Glass Opacities (GGO), bands and enlarged lymphnodes. GL-ILD was usually predominant in lower fields. Multiple small nodules (≤10 mm), consolidations, reticulations and fibrotic ILD are more indicative of GL-ILD. Bronchiectasis, GGO, Reticulations and fibrotic ILD correlated with decreased lung performance. Bronchiectasis, GGO and fibrotic ILD were associated with low IgA levels, whereas high CD4+ T cells percentage was related to GGO. Twenty out of 38 patients underwent GL-ILD therapy. A model combining Marginal Zone (MZ) B cells percentage, IgA levels, lower field consolidations and lymphnodes enlargement showed a good discriminatory capacity with regards to GL-ILD treatment.

Conclusions
GL-ILD is a lower field predominant disease, commonly characterized by bronchiectasis, non-perilymphatic small nodules, consolidations, GGO and bands. Multiple small nodules, consolidations, reticulations and fibrotic ILD may suggest the presence of GL-ILD in CVID. MZ B cells percentage, IgA levels at diagnosis, lower field consolidations and mediastinal lymphnodes enlargement may predict the need of a specific GL-ILD therapy.
The impact of silicon on the solidification of duplex lightweight steels
Authors: Balaško Tilen , Burja Jaka , Medved Jožef 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEfforts are being made worldwide to transform road transport to minimise its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, with a focus on reducing vehicle mass. Lightweight manganese–aluminium steels have gained popularity for this purpose due to their low density and combination of strength and plasticity. In this particular study, the solidification process of five lightweight manganese–aluminium steels with different silicon content was investigated. The steels were fabricated by inductive melting in a vacuum and remelted during further thermal analysis. A reference steel composition (Fe-14Mn-10Al-0.2Si-0.8C) was used, and the remaining four steels contained different amounts of silicon (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mass%). The impact of silicon on solidification was analysed by thermodynamic calculations (CALPHAD method), differential thermal analysis and optical microscopy. The thermodynamic calculations gave good estimates for the liquidus and austenite liquidus temperatures, but higher solidus temperatures than the experimental results. The presence of silicon decreases the density and lowers the solidus and liquidus temperatures, resulting in a prolonged solidification interval. In addition, the spacing of the secondary dendrite arms decreases, except at a silicon concentration of 0.5 mass%, where an increase was observed compared to the reference steel.
Heat transfer characteristics of charging and discharging encapsulated PCMs (SP24, SP26 & SP29) for free cooling: impact of geometry and nanomaterials addition
Authors: Muzhanje Allan T. , Hassan Hamdy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHerein, free cooling an application of thermal energy storage is investigated through theoretical observations of air being cooled after passing over encapsulated phase change material (PCM). The impact of encapsulation geometry changes from circular to; rectangular, square, and elliptical shapes is studied for the PCM solidification and melting cycles. The study is performed for sp24, sp26, and sp29 PCM types with and without the inclusion of CuO and Al2O3 nanoparticles (NPs). A transient mathematical model for heat transfer behavior of airflow over the encapsulation is constructed and solved using Ansys 20.2 software. It is found that the rectangular-shaped PCM encapsulation with CuO nano-enhanced PCM has the shortest complete melting (~ 1–2 h) and complete solidification times (~ 3–9.3 h). Nanoparticle enhancement improves the rate of melting by a maximum of 11.56% with Al2O3 NPs and by 6.12% with CuO NPs at an inlet airflow temperature of 313 K. A maximum outlet air-temperature drop of ~ 3.1 K occurs in the cylindrical geometry with CuO nano-enhancement and the highest Nusselt number is obtained at similar conditions. From this study it is recommended to use either sp24 or sp26 PCMs mixed with nano-alumina and encapsulated within rectangular containers for free cooling applications.
The Value of the One Value: Exactly True Logic revisited
Authors: Kapsner Andreas , Rivieccio Umberto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper we re-assess the philosophical foundation of Exactly True Logic ($$\mathcal {ET\!L}$$

ET

L

), a competing variant of First Degree Entailment ($$\mathcal {FDE}$$
FDE
). In order to do this, we first rebut an argument against it. As the argument appears in an interview with Nuel Belnap himself, one of the fathers of $$\mathcal {FDE}$$
FDE
, we believe its provenance to be such that it needs to be taken seriously. We submit, however, that the argument ultimately fails, and that $$\mathcal {ET\!L}$$

ET

L

cannot easily be dismissed. We then proceed to give an overview of the research that was inspired by this logic over the last decade, thus providing further motivation for the study of $$\mathcal {ET\!L}$$

ET

L

and, more generally, of $$\mathcal {FDE}$$
FDE
-related logics that result from semantical analyses alternative to Belnap’s canonical one. We focus, in particular, on philosophical questions that these developments raise.
Examining the association between social context and disengagement: Individual and classroom factors in two samples of at-risk students
Authors: Glaesser Dorothea , Holl Christopher , Malinka Julia , McCullagh Laura , Meissner Lydia , Harth Nicole Syringa , Machunsky Maya , Mitte Kristin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDisengagement is a concept that captures the gradual behavioral, affective, and cognitive distancing from school, and is thus an early indicator of students being at risk for dropout. Based on a social identity framework, we predicted that higher social identification with the class and a positive classroom climate would be associated with lower rates of disengagement at both the individual and classroom level. In two samples from 16 German middle schools (n1 = 255, n2 = 287) with high annual dropout rates (> 10%), we assessed three disengagement facets: affect (daily mood at school), cognition (amotivation), and behavior (truancy). To examine both the individual and the classroom level, we utilized a 2-level mixed model. Gender, grade-level, and migration background were controlled in both samples, and economic learning resources (ELR) were included in sample 2 to better control for socioeconomic influences. In Study 1 (24 classrooms), we found a significant, positive association between social identification and daily mood at the individual level. In Study 2 (21 classrooms), we replicated initial findings for daily mood. In addition, social identification also impacted amotivation. At the class level, a higher grade, and a higher proportion of students with migration background were related to increased truancy. Classroom climate did not show a significant effect on disengagement in either of the studies. Our study sheds further light on the social dynamics of disengagement and highlights the need to control for classroom dynamics and student composition, particularly in classrooms with diverse student backgrounds.
DIF Statistical Inference Without Knowing Anchoring Items
Authors: Chen Yunxiao , Li Chengcheng , Ouyang Jing , Xu Gongjun 
Published: August 2023

Establishing the invariance property of an instrument (e.g., a questionnaire or test) is a key step for establishing its measurement validity. Measurement invariance is typically assessed by differential item functioning (DIF) analysis, i.e., detecting DIF items whose response distribution depends not only on the latent trait measured by the instrument but also on the group membership. DIF analysis is confounded by the group difference in the latent trait distributions. Many DIF analyses require knowing several anchor items that are DIF-free in order to draw inferences on whether each of the rest is a DIF item, where the anchor items are used to identify the latent trait distributions. When no prior information on anchor items is available, or some anchor items are misspecified, item purification methods and regularized estimation methods can be used. The former iteratively purifies the anchor set by a stepwise model selection procedure, and the latter selects the DIF-free items by a LASSO-type regularization approach. Unfortunately, unlike the methods based on a correctly specified anchor set, these methods are not guaranteed to provide valid statistical inference (e.g., confidence intervals and p-values). In this paper, we propose a new method for DIF analysis under a multiple indicators and multiple causes (MIMIC) model for DIF. This method adopts a minimal L1\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$L_1$$\end{document} norm condition for identifying the latent trait distributions. Without requiring prior knowledge about an anchor set, it can accurately estimate the DIF effects of individual items and further draw valid statistical inferences for quantifying the uncertainty. Specifically, the inference results allow us to control the type-I error for DIF detection, which may not be possible with item purification and regularized estimation methods. We conduct simulation studies to evaluate the performance of the proposed method and compare it with the anchor-set-based likelihood ratio test approach and the LASSO approach. The proposed method is applied to analysing the three personality scales of the Eysenck personality questionnaire-revised (EPQ-R).
Impact of meteorological parameters and air pollutants on airborne concentration of Betula pollen and Bet v 1 allergen
Authors: Ščevková Jana , Dušička Jozef , Zahradníková Eva , Sepšiová Regina , Kováč Jozef , Vašková Zuzana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe intensity of birch pollen season is expressed by seasonal pollen integral (SPIn, the sum of the mean daily pollen concentration during the birch pollination period) and the amount of Bet v 1 allergen released per birch pollen grain expressed by pollen allergen potency (PAP). Betula pollen and Bet v 1 allergen were simultaneously measured in the air of Bratislava from 2019 to 2022 by using two Burkard traps (Hirst-type and cyclone) in order to evaluate the causes of the seasonal variation in the SPIn and PAP levels. The highest SPIn (19,975 pollen/m3) was observed in 2022 and the lowest one (1484 pollen/m3) in 2021. The average daily PAP level (4.0 pg Bet v 1/pollen) was highest in 2019 and lowest (2.5 pg Bet v 1/pollen) in 2020. We found that seasonal variation in SPIn was associated mainly with the changes in environmental conditions during the pre-season period, whereas the year-to-year variation in PAP levels was attributed to environmental conditions during both pre- and in-season periods. Our results indicate that rainy weather in June 2020 and cold overcast weather in January‒February 2021 resulted in low SPIn in 2021. On the other hand, dry weather in June 2021 and warm weather in January‒February 2022 resulted in high SPIn in 2022. The low average daily PAP level in 2020 was associated with (1) low levels of gaseous air pollutants in March, when the ripening of pollen takes place; (2) an earlier start of the birch main pollen season (MPS); and (3) dry weather during the MPS. On the other hand, high PAP level in 2019 was associated with higher levels of air pollutants in March and during the MPS.
Evolution of nano-pores in illite-dominant clay during consolidation
Authors: Zheng Yanhao , Baudet Béatrice A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the evolution of nanoscale pores, covering inter-particle pores and inter-layer pores, in illite-dominant clay during consolidation is monitored using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and nitrogen gas adsorption (N2GA) techniques. No obvious change observed in the characteristic peaks of SAXS intensity curves during consolidation suggests that the intra-particle structure of the clay, including interlayer spacings, is not affected by mechanical loading, at least up to 4 MPa. The N2GA test results show that the volume of inter-particle pores inside the aggregates does decrease gradually as the compression proceeds, which is accompanied by a gradual reduction in specific surface area, probably due to the rearrangement of the particles composing the aggregates. The inter-particle pores are compressed as a whole during consolidation instead of the progressive collapse in an ordered manner, from the larger to the smaller. By comparing the pore-size distributions of illite-dominant clay obtained by MIP (mercury intrusion porosimetry) and N2GA techniques, it is found that the shapes of the two distributions in the common measurement range are obviously not matched, essentially due to the sequential nature of the drying and wetting processes. While filling the research gap in the evolution of intra-aggregate pores during consolidation, this study also shows that the N2GA technique and SAXS measurement used in conjunction with each other appear as a powerful approach for clay nano-pores identification.
The Predictive Effect of Depression on Self-Injury: Positive Youth Development as a Moderator
Authors: Zhu Xiaoqin , Shek Daniel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile findings have documented the association between adolescent depression and self-injury, few studies have investigated the moderating effect of positive youth development (PYD) qualities on the association. This study examined concurrent and longitudinal predictive effects of depression and PYD qualities on nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal self-injury (SSI) among Chinese adolescents. The moderating effects of PYD qualities were also studied. Two waves of data with an approximate 6-month interval were collected from five primary and secondary schools in Chengdu, China. A total of 6,948 adolescents aged 10 to 16 (Mage = 12.91, SD = 1.69 at the first wave, 51.17% boys) formed the working sample. Latent moderated structural equation modeling revealed that depression was a positive concurrent and longitudinal predictor of both NSSI and SSI whereas PYD qualities showed adverse concurrent and longitudinal predictive effects. The latent interaction effects were also significant in both cross-sectional and longitudinal models, with PYD qualities mitigating the positive effects of depression on NSSI and SSI. The results suggest that PYD qualities did not only directly reduce the risk of NSSI and SSI among adolescents but also attenuated the influence of depression on self-injury. These findings provide additional evidence for the protective role of PYD qualities in adolescent development and imply that improving PYD qualities may be a promising way to prevent and treat adolescent self-injury.
Suffizienz – Psychische Ressourcen – Transformation
Authors: Braun Andreas Ch. 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag wird ein Spannungsbogen aufgebaut, der von der aktuellen sozio-ökologischen Krise bis hin zur Coachingpraxis leiten soll. Nach einer Erörterung der Grundproblematik der derzeitigen Krise werden zentrale Konzepte der Nachhaltigkeitsforschung vorgestellt, die wichtig sind, um im Kontext Nachhaltigkeit sprechfähig zu sein. Sodann wird die spezifische Rolle von Unternehmen in der Agenda 2030 zu klären versucht. Darauf folgt eine Erörterung, wie Konzepte aus der Psychologie der nachhaltigen Entwicklung in der Organisationsentwicklung bzw. im Coaching eingesetzt werden könnten. Im Mittelpunkt stehen behavioristische Ansätze und das Konzept der psychischen Ressourcen zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung. Abschließend werden Spannungsfelder, Grenzen und Entwicklungsbedarfe aufgezeigt.
Liars, Skeptics, Cheerleaders: Human Rights Implications of Post-Truth Disinformation from State Officials and Politicians
Authors: Deluggi Nicky , Ashraf Cameran 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to philosophically examine how disinformation from state officials and politicians affects the right to access to information and political participation. Next to the more straightforward implications for political self-determination, the paper examines how active dissemination of lies by figures of epistemic authority can be framed as a human rights issue and affects trust patterns between citizens, increases polarization, impedes dialogue, and obstructs access to politically relevant information by gatekeeping knowledge. Analyzing European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) case law, the paper argues that human rights law provides some argumentative basis for extending individuals’ rights as epistemic and political agents towards a “right to truth spoken by politicians”. However, challenges in balancing a possible restriction of lies and assessing the real effective harm that comes from them remain, potentially leading to a vacuum of rights protection for less visible long-term harm to individuals and public discourse. In order to have a real chance at tackling the harmful consequences of publicly told lies from a human rights perspective, it is necessary to rethink the notion of harm to encompass more complex and abstract forms of politico-epistemic damage to individuals and the public.
Wie enden Kriege? Einsichten für den Ukrainekrieg
Authors: Heinemann-Grüder Andreas 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Kriegsbeendigung hängt von den angenommenen Kosten einer Fortsetzung des Krieges, von der Einschätzung der Kräfteverhältnisse, der Glaubwürdigkeit von Zusicherungen und der Akzeptanz von Kompromissen durch die jeweiligen Gesellschaften ab. Das Kriegsende wird von den Finalitätsvorstellungen der Konfliktbeteiligten beeinflusst. Doch solange der Kriegsausgang mehrdeutig ist, geht das Kämpfen weiter, um Eindeutigkeit zu erlangen. Frieden muss öffentlich vertretbar sein, nicht als Verrat gelten. Ein Zwischenschritt könnte ein internationalisiertes Treuhandregime sein.
Deep learning-based ultrasound transducer induced CT metal artifact reduction using generative adversarial networks for ultrasound-guided cardiac radioablation
Authors: Puvanasunthararajah Sathyathas , Camps Saskia M. , Wille Marie-Luise , Fontanarosa Davide 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn US-guided cardiac radioablation, a possible workflow includes simultaneous US and planning CT acquisitions, which can result in US transducer-induced metal artifacts on the planning CT scans. To reduce the impact of these artifacts, a metal artifact reduction (MAR) algorithm has been developed based on a deep learning Generative Adversarial Network called Cycle-MAR, and compared with iMAR (Siemens), O-MAR (Philips) and MDT (ReVision Radiology), and CCS-MAR (Combined Clustered Scan-based MAR). Cycle-MAR was trained with a supervised learning scheme using sets of paired clinical CT scans with and without simulated artifacts. It was then evaluated on CT scans with real artifacts of an anthropomorphic phantom, and on sets of clinical CT scans with simulated artifacts which were not used for Cycle-MAR training. Image quality metrics and HU value-based analysis were used to evaluate the performance of Cycle-MAR compared to the other algorithms. The proposed Cycle-MAR network effectively reduces the negative impact of the metal artifacts. For example, the calculated HU value improvement percentage for the cardiac structures in the clinical CT scans was 59.58%, 62.22%, and 72.84% after MDT, CCS-MAR, and Cycle-MAR application, respectively. The application of MAR algorithms reduces the impact of US transducer-induced metal artifacts on CT scans. In comparison to iMAR, O-MAR, MDT, and CCS-MAR, the application of developed Cycle-MAR network on CT scans performs better in reducing these metal artifacts.
Accommodating False Positives Within Acoustic Spatial Capture–Recapture, with Variable Source Levels, Noisy Bearings and an Inhomogeneous Spatial Density
Authors: Petersma Felix T. , Thomas Len , Thode Aaron M. , Harris Danielle , Marques Tiago A. , Cheoo Gisela V. , Kim Katherine H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPassive acoustic monitoring is a promising method for surveying wildlife populations that are easier to detect acoustically than visually. When animal vocalisations can be uniquely identified on an array of sensors, the potential exists to estimate population density through acoustic spatial capture–recapture (ASCR). However, sound classification is imperfect, and in some situations, a high proportion of sounds detected on just a single sensor (‘singletons’) are not from the target species. We present a case study of bowhead whale calls (Baleana mysticetus) collected in the Beaufort Sea in 2010 containing such false positives. We propose a novel extension of ASCR that is robust to false positives by truncating singletons and conditioning on calls being detected by at least two sensors. We allow for individual-level detection heterogeneity through modelling a variable sound source level, model inhomogeneous call spatial density, and include bearings with varying measurement error. We show via simulation that the method produces near-unbiased estimates when correctly specified. Ignoring source-level variation resulted in a strong negative bias, while ignoring inhomogeneous density resulted in severe positive bias. The case study analysis indicated a band of higher call density approximately 30 km from shore; 59.8% of singletons were estimated to have been false positives.
In silico molecular docking validation of procalcitonin-binding aptamer and sepsis diagnosis
Authors: Park Dae-Young , Shin Woo-Ri , Kim Sang Yong , Nguyen Quang-Thai , Lee Jin-Pyo , Kim Do-Young , Ahn Ji-Young , Kim Yang-Hoon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Procalcitonin (PCT) is a protein that can be used as a biomarker for sepsis detection. Sepsis is a disease where early diagnosis is crucial. Using PCT for sepsis diagnosis can be a new alternative that overcomes limitations of traditional sepsis diagnostic methods.

Objective
To develop a sepsis diagnostic platform for PCT detection using a novel material called aptamer.

Results
Aptamers that could specifically bind to PCT were selected and various molecular biology analysis methods were utilized to confirm the binding affinity between selected aptamers and PCT. Additionally, in silico structural analysis was conducted to gain a more detailed understanding of the binding structure between the aptamer and PCT using the results of molecular experiments as supporting evidence. Ultimately, an aptamer-based PCT detection platform was developed and its ability to detect PCT in general and serum samples with high sensitivity and specificity was confirmed.

Conclusion
Through this study, we were able to develop a technique for early disease diagnosis using aptamer-based protein detection. We also performed aptamer binding validation studies using a combination of molecular validation and in silico validation methods.