bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ameliorative effects of Fingolimod (FTY720) on microglial activation and psychosis-related behavior in short term cuprizone exposed mice
Authors: Li Siyao , Sakurai Koki , Ohgidani Masahiro , Kato Takahiro A. , Hikida Takatoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSchizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that affects around 1% of the population in widespread populations, with severe cases leading to long-term hospitalization and necessitation of lifelong treatment. Recent studies on schizophrenia have highlighted the involvement of inflammatory and immunoregulatory mechanisms with the onset of symptoms, and the usage of anti-inflammatory treatments are being tested against periods of rapid psychosis. In the central nervous system, microglia are the innate immune population which are activated in response to a wide range of physical and psychological stress factors and produce proinflammatory mediators such as cytokines. Microglial activation and neuroinflammation has been associated to numerous psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, especially during psychotic episodes. Thus, novel treatments which dampen microglial activation may be of great relevance in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Fingolimod (FTY720) is a drug used as an immunosuppressive treatment to multiple sclerosis. Recent clinical trials have focused on FTY720 as a treatment for the behavioral symptoms in schizophrenia. However, the mechanisms of Fingolimod in treating the symptoms of schizophrenia are not clear. In this study we use a recently developed neuroinflammatory psychosis model in mice: cuprizone short-term exposure, to investigate the effects of FTY720 administration. FTY720 administration was able to completely alleviate methamphetamine hypersensitivity caused by cuprizone exposure. Moreover, administration of FTY720 improved multiple measures of neuroinflammation (microglial activation, cytokine production, and leucocyte infiltration). In conclusion, our results highlight the future use of FTY720 as a direct anti-inflammatory treatment against microglial activation and psychosis.
SEESAW: detecting isoform-level allelic imbalance accounting for inferential uncertainty
Authors: Wu Euphy Y. , Singh Noor P. , Choi Kwangbom , Zakeri Mohsen , Vincent Matthew , Churchill Gary A. , Ackert-Bicknell Cheryl L. , Patro Rob , Love Michael I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDetecting allelic imbalance at the isoform level requires accounting for inferential uncertainty, caused by multi-mapping of RNA-seq reads. Our proposed method, SEESAW, uses Salmon and Swish to offer analysis at various levels of resolution, including gene, isoform, and aggregating isoforms to groups by transcription start site. The aggregation strategies strengthen the signal for transcripts with high uncertainty. The SEESAW suite of methods is shown to have higher power than other allelic imbalance methods when there is isoform-level allelic imbalance. We also introduce a new test for detecting imbalance that varies across a covariate, such as time.
Earth-friendly micellar UPLC technique for determination of four hypoglycemic drugs in different pharmaceutical dosage forms and spiked human plasma
Authors: Elmasry Manal S. , Hassan Wafaa S. , Merey Hanan A. , Nour Israa M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel, sensitive, and green micellar UPLC method was proposed and validated for the simultaneous determination of four hypoglycemic agents used in type II diabetes mellitus treatment namely, pioglitazone, alogliptin, glimepiride, and vildagliptin. The developed UPLC method was successfully applied for quantitative analysis of these drugs in bulk, in pharmaceutical formulations, and in spiked human plasma. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Kinetex® 1.7 μm XB-C18 100 Å (50 × 2.1 mm) column, using a degassed and filtered mixture of (0.1 M SDS- 0.3% triethyl amine- 0.1% phosphoric acid (pH 6)) and n-propanol (85:15 v/v), at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The experimental conditions of the suggested method were well investigated and optimized. The newly developed micellar UPLC method is capable of determining different dosage forms at the same time with the same solvents, saving time and effort. The method was found to be efficiently applicable in spiked human plasma and could be extended to study the pharmacokinetics of the cited drugs in real human plasma samples. The greenness of the developed method was evaluated by applying the Eco-scale scoring tool, which verified the excellent greenness of the analytical method.
Metagenomic assessment of gut microbial communities and risk of severe COVID-19
Authors: Nguyen Long H. , Okin Daniel , Drew David A. , Battista Vincent M. , Jesudasen Sirus J. , Kuntz Thomas M. , Bhosle Amrisha , Thompson Kelsey N. , Reinicke Trenton , Lo Chun-Han , Woo Jacqueline E. , Caraballo Alexander , Berra Lorenzo , Vieira Jacob , Huang Ching-Ying , Das Adhikari Upasana , Kim Minsik , Sui Hui-Yu , Magicheva-Gupta Marina , McIver Lauren , Goldberg Marcia B. , Kwon Douglas S. , Huttenhower Curtis , Chan Andrew T. , Lai Peggy S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The gut microbiome is a critical modulator of host immunity and is linked to the immune response to respiratory viral infections. However, few studies have gone beyond describing broad compositional alterations in severe COVID-19, defined as acute respiratory or other organ failure.

Methods
We profiled 127 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (n = 79 with severe COVID-19 and 48 with moderate) who collectively provided 241 stool samples from April 2020 to May 2021 to identify links between COVID-19 severity and gut microbial taxa, their biochemical pathways, and stool metabolites.

Results
Forty-eight species were associated with severe disease after accounting for antibiotic use, age, sex, and various comorbidities. These included significant in-hospital depletions of Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans and Roseburia hominis, each previously linked to post-acute COVID syndrome or “long COVID,” suggesting these microbes may serve as early biomarkers for the eventual development of long COVID. A random forest classifier achieved excellent performance when tasked with classifying whether stool was obtained from patients with severe vs. moderate COVID-19, a finding that was externally validated in an independent cohort. Dedicated network analyses demonstrated fragile microbial ecology in severe disease, characterized by fracturing of clusters and reduced negative selection. We also observed shifts in predicted stool metabolite pools, implicating perturbed bile acid metabolism in severe disease.

Conclusions
Here, we show that the gut microbiome differentiates individuals with a more severe disease course after infection with COVID-19 and offer several tractable and biologically plausible mechanisms through which gut microbial communities may influence COVID-19 disease course. Further studies are needed to expand upon these observations to better leverage the gut microbiome as a potential biomarker for disease severity and as a target for therapeutic intervention.
Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus S1/S2 junction protein
Authors: Huang Nan , Lang Qiaoli , Li Liping , Ge Liangpeng , Yang Xi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPig producers have faced considerable economic losses due to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection, emphasizing the need for PEDV antibody development. The S1/S2 junction (S1S2J) cleavage site of the S protein of PEDV is one of the major determinants of coronavirus infection success. In this study, we specifically selected the S1S2J protein of PEDV-AJ1102 (a representative strain of the G2 type) as a target protein to immunize mice and generated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using hybridoma technology. Three mAbs with high-binding activities to the S1S2J protein and were obtained and further analyzed. To reveal the characterization of these mAbs, variable region genes of antibodies were studied by using DNA sequencing, thereby revealing differences in their CDR3 amino acid sequences. We then developed a new method to identify the isotypes of these three mAbs. Results showed that these three antibodies were of the IgM type. As for the functions of these three mAbs, indirect immunofluorescence assay confirmed their good binding ability to Vero E6 cells infected with the PEDV-SP-C strain (G1 type). Epitope analysis showed linear epitopes for all three mAbs. These antibodies were also used to detect infected cells via flow cytometry analysis. In summary, we prepared and examined three mAbs against PEDV-S1S2J. These mAbs can be employed as detection antibodies for diagnostic reagents and further developed for other applications. We also designed a novel technique for easy and cost-saving identification of isotypes of mouse mAbs. Our results lay a good foundation for the development of research on PEDV.
Mobile computing-enabled health physique evaluation in campus based on amplified hashing
Authors: Xie Yu , Zhang Qiyun , Rezaee Khosro , Xu Yanwei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the increasingly wide spread of COVID-19 pandemic, people’s various behavior activities are influenced more or less all over the world. For example, students in campus have to learn at home or in dormitory so as to avoid the attacks of the virus as much as possible. However, such a location distribution structure of student places a heavy burden on the monitoring and evaluating the sport physique of students in an effective and efficient way. Fortunately, the wide adoption of various mobile computing terminals (e.g., smart watches, mobile phones, etc.) and wireless communication technology makes it possible to know about the daily physique of students in a remote way. However, students’ health physique data are accumulated with time, which raises a challenge of quick data processing and cost-effective data scalability. Moreover, since the students are geographically distributed, we need to integrate their respective health physique data into a central cloud platform for more comprehensive data analysis and mining. However, the above data integration operations often involve student privacy. Motivated by the above two challenges, a mobile computing-aided health physique evaluation solution is brought forth in this paper, which is mainly based on a kind of amplified hashing technique. To prove the evaluation performances of the proposal, extensive experiments are designed to test the algorithm performances in terms of various evaluation metrics.
Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibition reduces disease severity in a model of secondary progressive autoimmune demyelination
Authors: Evonuk Kirsten Scarlett , Wang Sen , Mattie Josh , Cracchiolo C. J. , Mager Reine , Ferenčić Željko , Sprague Ethan , Carrier Brandon , Schofield Kai , Martinez Evelyn , Stewart Zachary , Petrosino Tara , Johnson Gregory Andrew , Yusuf Isharat , Plaisted Warren , Naiman Zachary , Delp Timothy , Carter Laura , Marušić Suzana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an emerging target in multiple sclerosis (MS). Alongside its role in B cell receptor signaling and B cell development, BTK regulates myeloid cell activation and inflammatory responses. Here we demonstrate efficacy of BTK inhibition in a model of secondary progressive autoimmune demyelination in Biozzi mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We show that late in the course of disease, EAE severity could not be reduced with a potent relapse inhibitor, FTY720 (fingolimod), indicating that disease was relapse-independent. During this same phase of disease, treatment with a BTK inhibitor reduced both EAE severity and demyelination compared to vehicle treatment. Compared to vehicle treatment, late therapeutic BTK inhibition resulted in fewer spinal cord-infiltrating myeloid cells, with lower expression of CD86, pro-IL-1β, CD206, and Iba1, and higher expression of Arg1, in both tissue-resident and infiltrating myeloid cells, suggesting a less inflammatory myeloid cell milieu. These changes were accompanied by decreased spinal cord axonal damage. We show similar efficacy with two small molecule inhibitors, including a novel, highly selective, central nervous system-penetrant BTK inhibitor, GB7208. These results suggest that through lymphoid and myeloid cell regulation, BTK inhibition reduced neurodegeneration and disease progression during secondary progressive EAE.
Multi-method constraints on the age and timescale of silicic small-volume eruptions of Puketerata Volcanic Complex, Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand
Authors: Kósik Szabolcs , Hasegawa Takeshi , Danišík Martin , Németh Károly , Okada Makoto , Friedrichs Bjarne , Schmitt Axel K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccurate dating of young eruptions from explosive volcanoes is essential for forecasting future eruptions and for defining the hazardscape of volcanic fields. However, precise dating of Quaternary eruptions is often challenging due to limited number of applicable dating methods or lack of datable eruptive phases. Moreover, small volume eruptions (e.g., monogenetic type), despite their significance on regional scale, have traditionally deserved less attention than their large volume counterparts. Puketerata is a maar-lava dome complex in the central Taupō Volcanic Zone (New Zealand), encompassing mafic and silicic phreatomagmatic eruptions with well-preserved pyroclastic deposits sourced from closely spaced vents. Its most recent activity is estimated to ca. 16 ka based on medial and distal stratigraphic surveys. Here, we carried out two independent age determinations and an additional paleomagnetic analysis on the volcanic succession of the Puketerata maar-lava dome complex with an aim to unravel the timing of volcanic activity. Combined U-Th disequilibrium and (U-Th)/He dating of zircon from two lava domes yielded eruption ages of 11.3 ± 2.6 ka and 11.3 ± 1.7 ka, which are concordant with the radiocarbon ages of 11.3–11.7 ka obtained on charcoal from the base of the pyroclastic sequence. Paleomagnetic data on the lavas from the two lava domes suggest at least ~ 100 years difference between their emplacements. Our geochronological results and new stratigraphic observations suggest that the volcanic/magmatic history of the Puketerata is complex with multiple eruptions within a small, confined area, where the most recent eruptions occurred only at ca. 11.5 ka, which is significantly younger than previously thought. This provides an additional datum for volcanic hazards assessment and stratigraphic correlations in New Zealand.
Graphical Abstract
Dynamic of active microbial diversity in rhizosphere sediments of halophytes used for bioremediation of earthen shrimp ponds
Authors: Colette Marie , Guentas Linda , Patrona Luc Della , Ansquer Dominique , Callac Nolwenn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn New-Caledonia, at the end of each shrimp production cycle, earthen ponds are drained and dried to enhance microbial decomposition of nutrient-rich waste trapped in the sediment during the rearing. However, excessive ponds drying may not be suitable for the decomposition activities of microorganisms. Halophytes, salt tolerant plants, naturally grow at vicinity of shrimp ponds; due to their specificity, we explored whether halophytes cultivation during the pond drying period may be suitable for pond bioremediation. In addition, plants are closely associated with microorganisms, which may play a significant role in organic matter decomposition and therefore in bioremediation. Thus, in this study we aimed to determine the impact of 3 halophyte species (Suaeda australis, Sarcocornia quinquefloraandAtriplex jubata) on active sediment microbial communities and their implications on organic matter degradation.ResultsDrying significantly decreased the microbial diversity index compared to those of wet sediment or sediment with halophytes. Microbial profiles varied significantly over time and according to the experimental conditions (wet, dry sediment or sediment with halophyte species). Halophytes species seemed to promote putative microbial metabolism activities in the sediment. Taxa related to nitrogen removal, carbon mineralisation, sulphur reduction and sulphide oxidation were significant biomarkers in sediment harbouring halophytes and may be relevant for bioremediation. Whereas microbial communities of dry sediment were marked by soil limited-moisture taxa with no identification of microbial metabolic functions. Nitrogen reduction in sediments was evidenced in wet sediment and in sediments with halophytes cultures, along with putative microbial denitrification activities. The greatest nitrogen reduction was observed in halophytes culture.ConclusionThe efficiency of sediment bioremediation by halophytes appears to be the result of both rhizosphere microbial communities and plant nutrition. Their cultures during the pond drying period may be used as aquaculture diversification by being a sustainable system.
Cystoisospora suis in Portugal: an observational study of prevalence, management, and risk factors
Authors: Nunes Tiago , Skampardonis Vassilis , Costa Francisco , da Conceição Maria Antónia , Sperling Daniel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeonatal coccidiosis is a common and important disease of suckling piglets in modern farming caused byCystoisospora suis. Prevalence rates are high, namely, in Portugal, although no recent data are available. The metaphylactic administration of a single dose of toltrazuril and hygienic measures are the backbone of control strategies on positive farms. However, several studies have shown that these programs are not always effective, underlining the need to revise the risk factors and control strategies currently applied. The present study evaluatedC. suisprevalence on Portuguese farms and assessed the risk factors associated with facilities and farm rearing practices.ResultsFrom the 27 tested farms, 23 were positive toCystoisopora suis(85.2%). In total, 258 litters were sampled (accounting for 516 samples—2 samples per litter), with an average of 59.7% of positive litters per positive farm. Faecal pools from litters, in which liquid faeces predominated had a higher probability of containing oocysts than litter pools with mainly solid (Odds Ratio: 9.87;p < 0.0001) or pasty faeces (OR: 7.05;p = 0.001), and samples obtained from younger animals had higher oocyst counts (coefficient: − 0.0720; 95% CI − 0.125; − 0.019). No significant effect of toltrazuril administration was observed on the positivity rate, and none of the tested farms used disinfectants with official claims against parasites and known anticoccidial effects (e.g., cresol-based products).ConclusionsTheC. suisprevalence on Portuguese swine farms appears to be similar to the prevalence found in other European countries. Repeated sampling of the same litter and the use of autofluorescence microscopy after a modified Ritchie technique seems to have increased sensitivity and consequently the detection rate of positive litters. Finally, despite the common use of oral toltrazuril,C. suiscontrol programs appear to not always be effective (based on the detection of oocysts in faecal samples), suggesting the need to revise the control strategies applied in the field, including management factors and choices of disinfectant products.
Community and partner engagement in dissemination and implementation research at the National Institutes of Health: an analysis of recently funded studies and opportunities to advance the field
Authors: Villalobos Aubrey , Blachman-Demner Dara , Percy-Laurry Antoinette , Belis Deshiree , Bhattacharya Manami 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
As the focus has grown in recent years on both engaged research and dissemination and implementation (D&I) research, so too has federal funding to support these areas. The purpose of this analysis is to provide an overall perspective about the range of practices and approaches being used to engage partners in D&I research, with special attention to disparities-relevant research, and to identify gaps and opportunities in research funded by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) in this space.

Methods
This analysis examined a portfolio of active D&I research grants funded in fiscal years 2020 and 2021 across the NIH. Grant applications were deductively coded and summary statistics were calculated. Cross-tabulations were used to identify trends by engagement and disparities foci.

Results
There were 103 grants included in the portfolio, of which 87% contained some form of community or partner engagement, and 50% of engaged grants were relevant to health disparities. Engagement was planned across the research continuum with each study engaging on average 2.5 different partner types. Consultation was the most common level of engagement (56%) while partnership was the least common (3%). On average, each study used 2.2 engagement strategies. Only 16% of grants indicated formally measuring engagement. Compared to non-disparities studies, disparities-relevant studies were about twice as likely to engage partners at the higher levels of partnership or collaboration (19% vs. 11%) and were also more likely to be conducted in community settings (26% vs. 5%).

Conclusions
Based on this portfolio analysis, D&I research appears to regularly integrate engagement approaches and strategies, though opportunities to deepen engagement and diversify who is engaged remain. This manuscript outlines several gaps in the portfolio and describes opportunities for increasing engagement to improve the quality of D&I research and application to advancing health equity. In addition, opportunities for leveraging the consistent and systematic application of engagement approaches and strategies to advance the science of engagement are discussed.
MicroRNA transcriptome analysis of chicken embryo fibroblast cells infected with Newcastle disease virus variants
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Xu Zejun , Wang Siyuan , Song Cuiping , Qiu Xusheng , Tan Lei , Sun Yingjie , Liao Ying , Wang Guijun , Liu Xiufan , Ding Chan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVariations in the pathogenicity of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the agent causing Newcastle disease, are associated with variants of different virulence. A few studies have characterized the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in NDV-infected avian cells. Here, the expression of miRNAs in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) infected with Herts/33 and LaSota NDV strains (highly virulent and nonvirulent, respectively) was determined using RNA sequencing. miRNAs involved in NDV infection included 562 previously documented and 184 novel miRNAs. miRNA target genes involved transcription factors, cell apoptosis, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. Potential target genes associated with autophagy were verified by qRT-PCR. No studies have documented the miRNA profiles of CEFs infected with NDVs variants. This study adds to our knowledge of the cellular miRNAs involved in NDV infection and the complex molecular mechanisms mediating virus-host interactions. The results of this study will aid the development of strategies against the chicken virus.