bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Способ определения комплексного значения совокупных потерь полной мощности в системе электроснабжения
Authors: Ливенцов Вячеслав Сергеевич , Костинский Сергей Сергеевич , Троицкий Анатолий Иванович , Савелов Николай Семенович 
Published: January 2023

Предложен способ расчета совокупных потерь в оборудовании системы электроснабжения, используемого для транспортировки электрической энергии, где учтены в целом совокупности элементов системы электроснабжения и нагрузки, связанные общим режимом работы, в отличие от известных способов, в которых потери рассчитываются отдельно по составляющим и по виду оборудования. В основу способа положена схема замещения системы электроснабжения, в которой для силового трехфазного двухобмоточного трансформатора использована приведенная симметричная Т-образная схема замещения одной фазы. Аналитически доказано, что рассмотрение вопросов, связанных с расчетом потерь в системе электроснабжения порознь в линии электропередачи и силовом двухобмоточном трансформаторе без учета их взаимного влияния друг на друга, приводит к неточности расчета. Выполнена оценка погрешности расчетов потерь и потребления полной мощности по предлагаемому способу в сравнении с математической моделью. Математическая модель разработана в программном комплексе Multisim. В качестве примера для выполнения расчетов принята система электроснабжения, состоящая из источника с номинальным напряжением 10 кВ + 10 %, линии электропередачи, выполненной трехжильным кабелем, силового трехфазного двухобмоточного трансформатора марки ТМГ11 номинальной мощностью 250 кВА и нагрузки. Расчетные значения, при использовании разработанного способа, практически совпадают с данными, полученными по итогам работы математической модели. Выполнен расчет суммарных потерь активной мощности, в принятой для математической модели системе электроснабжения, при расчете отдельно нагрузочных потерь в линии электропередачи и условно-постоянных и нагрузочных потерь в силовом трансформаторе. Относительная погрешность результатов расчета суммарных потерь активной мощности в этом случае составила 12,6 %. Доказано, что использование разработанного метода позволяет повысить точность расчета совокупных потерь и делает возможным выполнение дальнейших исследований, направленных на оценку влияния параметров питающей линии электропередачи, нагрузки и величины питающего напряжения сети на совокупные потери в оборудовании системы электроснабжения, используемого для транспортировки электрической энергии.
Recommendations for determining p values for aftershock sequences and catalogs
Authors: Nyffenegger Paul , Frohlich Cliff 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Using synthetic aftershock sequences, we investigate the factors that influence the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) of the Omori-law p value (pMLE) determined for aftershock sequences of individual earthquakes, as well as for “stacked” sequences constructed using aftershocks from two or more mainshock events. The estimated uncertainty in pMLE, called σMLE, depends explicitly on the aftershock sequence population N, the ratio of the begin and end times of the time interval of interest T/S, and on pMLE itself; this dependence on pMLE leads to over- or underestimating σMLE. Moreover, σMLE depends on the aftershock times themselves only as they affect pMLE and is unaffected by whether the sequence decay resembles the Omori decay model. Thus, we recommend that reported p values be accompanied by a goodness-of-fit test, such as the Anderson-Darling statistic Wn2, to assess how well the sequence resembles Omori's law (OL), as well as by values for N, S, and T. Stacking aftershock sequences permits the study of p values for entire catalogs as well as sequences possessing too few events to allow individual analysis. However, stacking sequences with differing begin and end times introduces artifacts into the aftershock time series that need to be avoided when determining p values. One artifact arising at small times after the mainshock mimics the effect of the c parameter in the modified Omori's law (MOL). We can avoid the artifacts by excluding time spans containing changes in the slope of the log rate of aftershock activity from the analysis. For most situations where sequences with varying p, N, and begin and end times are stacked, pMLE is approximately equal to the weighted mean of the individual sequence p values.
Making the most of the recordings from short-period seismometer arrays
Authors: Douglas Alan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Several methods have been developed for computing optimum multichannel filters for use with short-period arrays, but these methods are not widely used. The most commonly used method is delay and sum (DS) followed by high-pass filtering. This, however, fails to exploit fully the spatial-filtering properties of arrays, which if used should reduce the need for frequency filtering. To compute spatial filters requires the auto- and cross-correlation of functions of the noise. Here the correlation functions are specified using noise models rather than the observed noise in an interval (the fitting interval) preceding signal onset. With noise models, it is found that problems of signal distortion and “supergain” are avoided, supergain being excessive noise reduction in the fitting interval, with little reduction or even amplification of the noise outside the interval. Using minimum power (MP) filters, which minimize the noise at the output yet pass signals undistorted, it is shown using data from the 20-element array at Eskdalemuir, Scotland, that signal-to-noise improvements of up to 7 can be obtained during periods when noise levels are above average, the improvement with simple delay-and-sum processing for the same noise sample being only 1.7. The use of noise models allows stable and effective wave-number filters to be rapidly estimated and applied. For those seismograms for which the signal and noise after MP processing have obvious differences in predominant frequency, it is shown that optimum frequency filters can sometimes be used to further improve signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) without significant loss of bandwidth.
Seismic-reflection evidence that the Hayward fault extends into the lower crust of the San Francisco Bay area, California
Authors: Parsons Tom 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article presents deep seismic-reflection data from an experiment across San Francisco Peninsula in 1995 using large (125 to 500 kg) explosive sources. Shot gathers show a mostly nonreflective upper crust in both the Franciscan and Salinian terranes (juxtaposed across the San Andreas fault), an onset of weak lower-crustal reflectivity beginning at about 6-sec two-way travel time (TWTT) and bright southwest-dipping reflections between 11 and 13 sec TWTT. Previous studies have shown that the Moho in this area is no deeper than 25 km (∼8 to 9 sec TWTT). Three-dimensional reflection travel-time modeling of the 11 to 13 sec events from the shot gathers indicates that the bright events may be explained by reflectors 15 to 20 km into the upper mantle, northeast of the San Andreas fault. However, upper mantle reflections from these depths were not observed on marine-reflection profiles collected in San Francisco Bay, nor were they reported from a refraction prifile on San Francisco Peninsula. The most consistent interpretation of these events from 2D raytracing and 3D travel-time modeling is that they are out-of-plane reflections from a high-angle (dipping ∼70° to the southwest) impedance contrast in the lower crust that corresponds with the surface trace of the Hayward fault. These results suggest that the Hayward fault truncates the horizontal detachment fault suggested to be active beneath San Francisco Bay.
Prognostic Value of the Expression of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Like Orphan Receptor 1 (ROR-1) in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Yikilmaz Aysun Şentürk , Bakanay Şule Mine , Nurdan Avcı Duygu , Akinci Sema , Falay Mesude , Özet Gülsüm , Dilek İmdat 
Published: January 2023

Background: The transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) has acted on the causation and sustentation of mature B cell lymphomagenesis for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. The aim of this study was to show whether there is a relationship between the level of ROR1 surface expression in CLL cells and disease findings.
Materials and Methods: The level of ROR1 cell surface expression was determined in accordance with the flow cytometric analysis of CLL patients at the first diagnosis time. 2 groups were formed according to the high and low ROR1 levels. The cut-off point to the ROR1 level was calculated for advanced-stage disease by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. A two-sided p-value <0,05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: 108 CLL cases with a median age of 60 were enrolled. The median percentage of ROR1 cell surface marker positivity in the CD5/CD19 positive leukemic cell was 62%. The CLL cases with high ROR1 levels have thrombocytopenia (p=0.042), anemia (p=0.028), and high beta 2 microglobulin value ≥3 mg/dL (p=0.002) and the need for first-line treatment (p=0.043).
Conclusion: The poor prognostic parameters such as splenomegaly, anemia, higher beta 2 microglobulin levels, intermediate/advanced RAİ stage disease, and need for first-line treatment had associated high-level ROR 1 expression of our CLL patients. It needs to be investigated for its effect on predicting disease burden and aggressiveness with more comprehensive studies on ROR1 expression levels in CLL cases.
The Diffusion of Innovations Model: Applications to Education Policymaking and Critique
Authors: Hidayat Marzul , Mukminin Amirul 
Published: January 2023

The origins of the diffusion of innovations theory are varied and span across various disciplines, and in a sort of contexts. The diffusion of Innovation framework is a theory of how, why, and at what rate new ideas, concepts, technology, technical information, and actual practices spread or diffuse through cultures or system. When innovations happen, innovations may be spread from the innovator (a state or government) to any other groups (states or governments). The inquiries of state policy innovation have been a foremost subject in political science and public policy. Political and policy academics and scholars are attracted in looking at how and why a policy or program spreads (diffusion) from one state government to another and what make happen a government or state to adopt a new program or policy. This paper will focus on (1) the diffusion of innovations model’s general characteristics, its theoretical origins and application across fields, (2) the history of its application to policy and politics and the central premise, (3) the dominant methodological tradition in policy and political science, (4) applications to education policymaking, and (5) the limitation.
WITHDRAWN: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 gene (FGFR1) expression in serous ovarian tumors
Authors: OZCAN Mehmet , ALAN Saadet 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ovarian serous surface epithelial tumors in terms of FGFR1 expression and to evaluate the differences in expression of serous cystadenomas, borderline serous tumor/atypical proliferative serous tumors, low-grade and high-grade serous carcinomas.
Methods:
A hundred patients diagnosed with serous cystadenomas, borderline serous tumor/atypical proliferative serous tumors (BST), low-grade (LGSOC) and high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC) between 2010-2020 in our pathology laboratory were included in the study. In these cases, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed on sections from paraffin blocks.
Results:
In our study, it was determined that FGFR1 gene expression was statistically significantly increased in HGSOC cases compared to the BST/ LGSOC group and the SC group. Although there was a difference between the BST/ LGSOC group and the SC group, no statistical significance was found.
Conclusion:
FGFR1 expression was significantly increased in HGSOC cases. This finding has led to the conclusion that angiogenesis inhibition by FGFR inhibition may be a treatment option in HGSOC cases.
Galactoside in the male ejaculate evaluated as a nuptial gift by the female nutrient sensing neurons
Authors: Kim Young Joon , Lee Kang-Min , Kim Seong Jin , Park Si Hyung , Song Ingyu , Yun Minsik , Zhang Chen , Dus Monica , Kim Jae-Il , Lee Sunjae , Suh Greg S.B. , Park Zee Yong , Yang Taekyun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Nuptial gift-giving or courtship feeding is prevalent across. In an extreme case, females eat male body parts; in another case, females derive nutrients from males’ seminal fluids1. The nursery web spider, Pisaura mirabilis, females store more sperm from nuptial gift-giving males than those offering no gift with the identical copulation duration2. However, it is not known how females evaluate nuptial gifts and adjust sperm storage. Here, we show that Drosophila melanogaster females hold the ejaculate of starved males for shorter period and store less number of their sperm. A knock-down of the sugar transporter Tret1-1 in neurons that express the neuropeptide diuretic hormone 44 (Dh44-PI) critical for the ejaculate holding3 and detection of the nutritional value of sugar4 impairs the female’s ability to adjust the ejaculate holding period according to the male energy status. A galactoside selectively present in the male ejaculate activates Dh44-PI neurons in the brain to secrete Dh44, and starvation reduces its production by approximately 50%. RNAi-knockdown of glycosyltransferases, including UGT305A1, allows males to produce significantly lower amounts of the galactoside without starvation. Females mated with UGT305A1 knockdown males hold the ejaculate shorter, store less sperm and lay fewer eggs. The seminal galactoside enters the female hemocoel during mating, stimulates the activity of Dh44-PI neurons in the brain, augments the secretion of Dh44, and increase the ejaculate holding period, thereby enabling the uptake of injected nutrients and sperm. These evidence suggest that the galactoside signals reflecting the quality of male partners increase sperm storage and may be a source of nutrients used for egg production. Together, this study provides a molecular and cellular framework for understanding how females evaluate courtship feeding and optimize sexual selection after mating.
The Prandtl-Darcy convection in a vertical porous layer may be unstable with internal heating
Authors: V Nagamani K , BM Shankar , S Shivakumara I 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The stability of buoyant flow in a vertical porous layer with the inclusion of time-dependent velocity term in the momentum equation is investigated. The buoyant flow is simultaneously induced by a uniformly distributed internal heat source and by the temperature gradient due to differentially heated impermeable porous layer boundaries. The conduction stream function and temperature fields are significantly altered due to internal heating and the linear instability is analysed through a study of normal mode perturbations on the base flow. The neutral stability curves and the critical Darcy-Rayleigh number for the onset of instability are evaluated by solving the stability eigenvalue problem numerically. It has been established that the volumetric heat source and the Prandtl-Darcy number reinforce together in initiating the instability of the base flow under certain conditions despite their isolation presence evidences stability for all infinitesimal perturbations. Although the effect of increasing internal heat source strength is to hasten the onset of instability, the flow is destabilized by decreasing and stabilized by increasing the Prandtl-Darcy number in some intermediate range of its value.
Pin-bearing mechanical behaviour of composites fabricated via fused filament fabrication as a function of reinforcing, pin Diameter and W/D ratio
Authors: Giorleo Luca , Papa Ilaria , Silvestri Alessia Teresa , Squillace Antonino 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Additive manufacturing is an advanced technology able to produce parts with different grades of complexity, including its shape, microstructure, functionality and material. Regarding material complexity nowadays, it is possible to produce polymer parts with customized reinforced fibre filling such as carbon, Kevlar or glass. These new techno polymers could guarantee good mechanical properties with low cost production, and so different industrial sectors started to implement them in parts design. However, their mechanical behaviour is still under investigation, and many about their mechanical behaviour are still unknown. In this article the authors present the experimental characterization of polymer filled with Kevlar to pin bearing test. Samples have been designed as a function of filling and geometry parameters. Results have been analyzed with statistical methods. Finding highlight similar and different behaviour regarding samples produced with conventional process.
Hydrogeochemical evaluation and spatial distribution mapping of groundwater from Aurangabad city as hard rock aquifer from Deccan trap basalt
Authors: Kale Amol , Dhapate Hrishikesh , Bandela Narsingrao , Kulkarni Jeetendra , Sahoo Sunil Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The groundwater chemistry is significant before it is utilized. It is influenced by the region's geology, hydrogeology, geochemistry, and climatic conditions. The groundwater hydrogeochemistry of Aurangabad city was examined in this investigation, which was backed by geographical distribution mapping. Standard procedures were employed to assess the water quality parameters as well as the uranium concentration. Several water classification techniques, including the Piper trilinear diagram, the Durov diagram, and the Chadha classification, are used to assess groundwater type and the sorts of geochemical processes that occur in the studied area. Groundwater was also evaluated for its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes using a set of metrics. Stage-by-stage quality control and assurance were used to ensure data quality. The correlation analysis test is employed to assess the associations between parameters. According to assessed indices, the groundwater in the study area is acceptable for drinking and irrigation.
SCTV-UNet: A COVID-19 CT Segmentation Network Based on Attention Mechanism
Authors: Liu Xiangbin , Liu Ying , Fu Weina , Liu Shuai 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The global outbreak of COVID-19 has become an important research topic in healthcare since 2019. RT-PCR is the main method for detecting COVID-19, but the long detection time is a problem. Therefore, the pathological study of COVID-19 with CT image is an important supplement to RT-RCT. The current TVLoss based segmentation promotes the connectivity of diseased areas. However, normal pixels between some adjacent diseased areas are wrongly identified as diseased pixels. In addition, the proportion of diseased pixels in CT images is small, and the traditional BCE based U-shaped network only focuses on the whole CT without diseased pixels, which leads to blurry border and low contrast in the predicted result. In this way, this paper proposes a SCTV-UNet to solve these problems. By combining spatial and channel attentions on the encoder, more visual layer information are obtained to recognize the normal pixels between adjacent diseased areas. By using the composite function DTVLoss that focuses on the pixels in the diseased area, the problem of blurry boundary and low contrast caused by the use of BCE in traditional U-shaped networks is solved. The experiment shows that the segmentation effect of the proposed SCTV-UNet has significantly improved by comparing with the SOTA COVID-19 segmentation networks, and can play an important role in the detection and research of clinical COVID-19.
Environmental heterogeneity affecting spatial distribution of phytoplankton community structure and functional groups in a large eutrophic lake, Lake Chaohu, China
Authors: Cao HuiJuan , Zhang Kun , Deng Daogui , Qi Huiying , Li Jun , Cao Yaqin , Jin Qide , Zhao Yajie , Wang Yeping , Wu Zhou , Li Xinyue , Li Ying 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Usually, physo-chemical parameters can affect the growth and development of phytoplankton, and even influence spatial distribution of phytoplankton community structure. However, whether environmental heterogeneity causing by several physo-chemical factors together can affect spatial distribution of phytoplankton is still unclear. In this study, seasonal variation and spatial distribution of phytoplankton community structure and its relationships with environmental factors in Lake Chaohu were investigated from August 2020 to July 2021. A total of 190 species from 8 phyla were recorded and these species were divided into 30 functional groups, including 13 dominating functional groups. Average annual phytoplankton density and biomass were (5.46 ± 7.17)×107cells/L and 4.80 ± 4.61 mg/L, respectively. Both density and biomass of phytoplankton were higher in summer ((14.64 ± 20.34)×107cells/L, 10.61 ± 13.16 mg/L) and autumn ((6.79 ± 3.97)×107cells/L, 5.57 ± 2.40mg/L), with the M and H2 of dominant functional groups. The dominant functional groups were N, C, D, J, MP, H2 and M in spring, whereas C, N, T and Y dominated in winter. The distribution of phytoplankton community structure and dominant functional groups in Lake Chaohu had significantly spatial heterogeneity, which was consistent with environmental heterogeneity of the lake and could be divided into four locations. Phytoplankton density and biomass in Location I was higher than those in the other three locations. Moreover, M, C and H2 of dominant function groups appeared in the whole lake, and all 13 dominant functional groups occurred in Location II. Our results suggested that environmental heterogeneity was one of key reasons affecting spatial distribution of phytoplankton community structure and functional groups in Lake Chaohu.
The effects of Spirulina platensis supplementation on COVID-19 severity in critically ill patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Javid Zeinab , Santos Heitor O. , Norouzi Mehdi , Taghavi Mohsen , Hatami Monireh , Nazari Mojgan , Qomi Mansoore Sadat Mojani , Bakhshandeh Hooman , Mikaniki Fatemeh , Chaharmahali Arezoo , Ghanavati Matin , Rahmani Jamal , Shadnoush Mahdi , Zavaragh Davood Sanaei Delir , Cerqueira Henrique S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Spirulina is a functional food with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Spirulina supplementation in critically ill patients with COVID-19. This study was a double-blind clinical trial that randomized patients, admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), to Spirulina platensis supplementation (5g/d,N = 97) or control groups (n = 95). Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE), National Early Warning Score (NEWS) 2, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (SOFA) were scoring systems to assess COVID-19 severity. Hospital and ICU length of stay, respiratory support at discharge, and 28-day mortality were assessed as well. In survival analysis, 126 participants (58 in control and 68 in Spirulina groups) were evaluated, and results showed no between-group difference in 28-day mortality (HR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.57–1.97) and NEWS2 (P-value = 0.14) but the SOFA score had a significant decrease in the Spirulina group compared to control (β=-0.48, P-value = 0.04). Spirulina resulted a shorter ICU length of stay (6 days,4.75–9.25) compared to the control group (10 days, 6–15), P-value = 0.007). The hospital length of stay was lower in Spirulina compared to the control group (P-value = 0.001). Spirulina supplementation was effective in reducing SOFA score and hospital and ICU length of stay in critically ill patients with COVID-19.