bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Citrus aurantium Peel Extract Combined with Doxorubicin-Induced ROS-driven Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Suzery Meiny , Amalina Nur Dina , Cahyono Bambang 
Published: May 2023

The current approach to breast cancer has problems with the emergence of resistance, side effects, and even the emergence of post-therapy relapses. One of the reasons is that the available chemotherapy is still based on cytotoxicity through cell cycle inhibition and apoptosis induction. In fact, there are still several mechanisms for the direction of cytotoxicity to become more prospective targets of chemotherapy action, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to cell death induction. One prospective candidate from natural ingredients is Citrus aurantium peel extract (CSP). This study aims to develop a CSP as a co-chemotherapy candidate that leads to aging induction and ROS modulation in breast cancer cells. The breast cancer cell model used is triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC), which is a highly metastatic cell model. Apoptosis and cell cycle modulation profiles were analyzed under PI-Annexin and PI flow cytometry, respectively. The ROS level was evaluated under DCFDA flow cytometry. The combination of CSP and Dox induces oxidative stress with ROS levels up to 3.5 times. The increase in ROS levels was in line with the dose-dependent induction of apoptosis and induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Taken together, CSP potentially induces the Dox effect on MDA-MB-231 cells, which may be mediated by the elevation of the ROS levels leading to cell death induction.
Challenges of Development of Health Education in Elementary School in the city of Banda Aceh
Authors: Salfiyadi Teuku , Aja Cut , Nuraskin Nuraskin , Reca Reca , Faisal T. Iskandar , Ahmad Aripin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background: The development of Health Education is still a problem at the implementation stage. Various efforts have been made, one of which is by optimizing school health efforts in elementary schools. The lack of knowledge about Health Education in Elementary Schools is a severe challenge that all stakeholders must solve. The Implementation of School Health Services in elementary schools is expected to be a place to improve the abilities and skills of students in order to form healthy living behaviors.
AIM: The purpose of this study is to analyze the challenges in implementing health education in elementary schools in Banda Aceh

Methods: This study uses a phenomenological descriptive qualitative method. The phenomenological study attempts to describe the challenges of developing health education. Data were collected by observation, document analysis, and interviews. Deep data analysis was carried out using the thematic content analysis technique, which is a method to explain the content of the findings according to a predetermined theme.

Results: The study results show several challenges in implementing health education. Lack of understanding about School Health Services, School Health Services is not considered a strategic program, Low attention from policymakers, School Health Services Program has not been understood as part of the national target, Implementation of UKS program in schools is only a formality, Implementation and development School Health Services program is not evenly distributed. Barriers to the Implementation of School Health Services in Elementary School are the lack of optimal inter-sectoral cooperation, lack of trained personnel, high workload, and the impact of conflicting health issues, causing various School Health Services activities to be hampered in their Implementation

CONCLUSION: The challenges of developing health education in elementary schools in the city of banda aceh are generally related to the understanding of the school health unit, the school health unit program and the availability of human resources.
Francophonie et francophilie littéraires
Authors: El Gharbi Jalel 
Published: May 2023

Cet article s’ouvre sur des considérations relatives aux traductions comparées. Sera évoqué l’exemple des diverses traductions des Mille et Une Nuits et ce pour souligner les liens étroits entre littérature comparée et traductions comparées dans une perspective qui cherche à esquisser une rhétorique de la traduction. Nous montrerons que la traduction emprunte à la poésie même les canons qui la régissent. En somme, il s’agit de penser quelques moments privilégiés de l’activité comparatiste – c’est-à-dire au moins bilingue. Nous procédons à l’analyse des principales figures enrôlées par la traduction. Nous essayerons de les étendre à une approche intersémiotique. Ces figures – ou cas – sont l’amphibologie, la syllepse que nous analyserons en nous référant à sa définition latine ainsi qu’à la conception orientale (arabo-persane), la polysyndète que nous étudions en rapport avec la langue arabe. Tout cela pour illustrer l’idée qu’en matière de traduction, réussite et échec ne sont pas antonymes.
L’agritourisme comme diversification régénératrice : de la multifonctionnalité aux approches culturelles et créatives
Authors: Gay Claudine 
Published: May 2023

L’agritourisme présente un double enjeu, à la fois politique, en faveur de la préservation du patrimoine, et stratégique, comme levier de développement du secteur agricole. Cet article propose une interprétation analytique et historique de l’agritourisme. Il en dégage trois approches qui renvoient à trois périodes et à trois stratégies de diversification, reposant chacune sur une vision particulière du patrimoine. Dans la première, l’agritourisme, « poussé » par les politiques publiques au travers du concept de multifonctionnalité, constitue une stratégie défensive dont l’enjeu dominant est la préservation du patrimoine rural. Dans la deuxième, l’agritourisme se développe comme une stratégie plus offensive qui apparaît « tirée » par le patrimoine culturel. Dans la dernière conception, l’agritourisme apparaît comme un moyen d’apporter de la valeur au patrimoine agricole, à même de régénérer l’agriculture à l’ère de l’anthropocène. Afin d’en souligner les perspectives, cet article propose de qualifier cette stratégie de « diversification régénératrice ».
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Colorectal Diseases
Authors: Khare Vaibhav , Rastogi Rajul , Mishra Amit , Verma Nitya , Bhandari Vivek , Singh Abhishek Kumar , Kumar Sunil , Pratap Vijai , Yeshlawat Nitishkumar , Khare Aditi 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Modern society is experiencing a noticeable increase in the prevalence of colorectal disease due to a variety of causes, including changes in lifestyle and dietary habits as well as increased use of a variety of chemicals in the form of preservatives flavouring agents and stabilisers. Colorectal diseases are a cause of significant morbidity, hence, often gaining attention early in the disease. Although colonoscopy is a standard, the preferred tool for diagnosis and at times for management is often uncomfortable for the patient besides being incomplete in a significant percentage of patients. Hence, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained importance in recent years for the evaluation of colorectal diseases not only due to its non-invasive nature but also due to lack of radiation, a boon over computed tomography, which is considered a standard imaging tool. Hence, we planned this pilot study to evaluate the role of MRI in our tertiary care, medical college and hospital.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty patients with signs and symptoms of colorectal disease were evaluated by 1.5T MRI followed by conventional, flexible, fibreoptic colonoscopy on the same day after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee and after obtaining written informed consent using strict criteria. Appropriate statistical methods and tools were used to evaluate the results from the data of MRI and colonoscopy that was recorded in predesigned pro forma and compared with the final tissue diagnosis.

Results:
Both the median and mean age of patients in our study were 40–45 years with male predominance (M:F = 4:1). Altered bowel habits followed by bleeding per rectum were the most common presentations seen in more than 90% of patients. Both MRI and colonoscopy misdiagnosed the lesions as malignant with higher errors by MRI. MRI had high sensitivity and negative predictive value in diagnosing a malignant lesion with moderate accuracy approaching 70%. In contrast, colonoscopy was superior in specificity and positive predictive value with higher accuracy of 80%.

Conclusion:
Although conventional colonoscopy is the standard tool for the diagnosis of colorectal diseases, several shortcomings of colonoscopy, including its invasive nature, several contraindications and risk of complications coupled with low yield limits, are used as a screening tool. However, non-invasive and radiation-free MRI with its high sensitivity and negative predictive value for malignant lesions make it preferable as a screening tool in the evaluation of colorectal diseases.
Histomorphometric and Histological Assessments of Transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in Busulfan-Induced Azoospermic Testis of Mice
Authors: Payehdar Arash , Hosseini Seyed Ebrahim , Mehrabani Davood 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Mesenchymal stem cells, such as adipose tissue-derived stem cells (Ad-SCs), are an appropriate source for cell therapy because of their differentiating properties and secretion of growth factors. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of transplantation of Ad-SCs in busulfan-induced azoospermic testes of mice, histomorphometric and histologically.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-four adult male mice were randomly divided into four equal groups, including the control, azoospermia-induced, and two Ad-SCs transplanted groups sacrificed after 60 and 150 days, respectively. To induce azoospermia, animals received two doses of busulfan (10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally at 21 days’ intervals. Ad-SCs were injected 35 days after the last busulfan injection into the efferent duct of the testis. The cells were isolated from the inguinal adipose tissue of two donor mice. The sacrificed mice were evaluated histomorphometric and histologically.

Results:
In histomorphometric evaluation, the spermatogenesis index of the Ad-SCs transplanted group after 60 and 150 days did not show any significant difference. At the same time, the index was significantly more than the control group. Most of the seminiferous tubules in the Ad-SCs group after 60 and 150 days were normal in morphology and spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis was absent in the busulfan-induced group.

Conclusion:
Our findings based on a histological and histomorphometric study on transplantation of Ad-SCs in mice that recovered spermatogenesis in busulfan-induced azoospermic testes can be added to the literature on the effect of stem cells in the treatment of infertility.
Comparative Evaluation of Quality of Obturation and Instrumentation Time Using Different File Systems in Deciduous Molars: A Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Patel Foram C , Patel Megha C , Bhatt Rohan K , Joshi Kaushal R 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Multiple systems are available for chemo-mechanical preparation during pulpectomy, but an evolution of the exclusive paediatric rotary single file system has opened new doors in paediatric endodontics. The aim was primarily to compare the quality of obturation and instrumentation time and secondarily to report pain perception between manual files and rotary file systems in deciduous molars.

Materials and Methods:
Pulpectomy was performed in 60 carious mandibular primary molars indicated for pulpectomy in children aged 4–8 years after considering the selection criteria. These teeth were divided randomly into three groups of 20 each, wherein canals were prepared using Hand K files in Group 1, HeroShaper Rotary File System in Group 2 and Kedo S Square single paediatric rotary file in Group 3. The quality of obturation was assessed using intraoral radiographs, and instrumentation time was recorded in seconds using a stopwatch. Pain during instrumentation was assessed using Wong Baker’s FACES Pain Scale. Collected data were subjected to analysis using the Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA and Honestly Significant Difference post
hoc test.

Results:
Mean instrumentation time was least for the Kedo-S Square file system (57.47 ± 9.26), followed by the HeroShaper group (99.6 ± 23.62), and maximum time was recorded for Hand files (255.99 ± 46.20), and this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.00), whereas there was no significant difference regarding the quality of obturation and pain perception between the three groups.

Conclusion:
As the Kedo S Square system showed the fastest canal preparation, it can be recommended for pulpectomy procedures in primary teeth because the length of appointment is directly proportional to the behaviour of the child.
Determination of Total Antioxidant Capacity in Patients with Bladder Cancer and its Correlation with the Results of Pathology
Authors: Tolou-Ghamari Zahra , Mazdak Hamid 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
The accumulative consequence of all antioxidants that exist in the blood and body fluids is called total antioxidant capacity (TAOC). The major objective of this investigation is to determine the correlation between TAOC and pathology results in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Materials and Methods:
Based on the cross-sectional method, 35 patients with NMIBC and 35 controls (healthy characters) were studied. Biochemical and haematological variables were achieved and noted for each individual. Two blood samples (n = 5 ml) from each patient were obtained and analysed using Trolox standard immunoassay kit. Three groups were made according to the pathology results. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:
There were not any significant differences (P = 0.12) between the mean age of patients and controls (60.7 vs. 59.5 years old) correspondingly. The mean value of TAOC (μmol/L) was significantly (P = 0.005) lower in patients when compared to controls (24.5 μmol/L vs. 94 μmol/L), respectively. In patients with NMIBC, sodium, magnesium, calcium, albumin, MCH, MCHC, VHCO3, haemoglobin, haematocrit and lymph were lower than the normal range. Blood sugar, creatinine, prothrombin time and white blood cells were higher than the normal range. The mean TAOC was as follows: papillary cell carcinoma (26.3 μmol/L), radical cystectomy (19 μmol/L) and high-grade bladder cancer (15.9 μmol/L).

Conclusion:
As deregulation of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defence is two important components, in this study, there was high variation in TAOC according to pathology results. Combing individual TAOC and pathology results might be able to contribute to the advanced management of NMIBC. Further studies in this direction seem to be advantageous.
Distribution and Functional Analyses of Mutations in Spike Protein and Phylogenic Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 Variants Emerged during the Year 2021 in India
Authors: Gopalan Vidya , Chandran Aswathi , Arumugam Kishore , Sundaram Monisha , Velladurai Selvakumar , Govindan Karthikeyan , Azhagesan Nivetha , Jeyavel Padmapriya , Dhandapani Prabu , Sivasubramanian Srinivasan , Kitambi Satish Srinivas 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Prolonged COVID-19 pandemic accelerates the emergence and transmissibility of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants through the accumulation of adaptive mutations. Particularly, adaptive mutations in spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 leads to increased viral infectivity, severe morbidity and mortality, and immune evasion. This study focuses on the phylodynamic distribution of SARS-CoV-2 variants during the year 2021 in India besides analyzing the functional significance of mutations in S-protein of SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Methods:
Whole genome of SARS-CoV-2 sequences (n = 87957) from the various parts of India over the period of January to December 2021 was retrieved from Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data. All the S-protein sequences were subjected to clade analysis, variant calling, protein stability, immune escape potential, structural divergence, Furin cleavage efficiency, and phylogenetic analysis using various in
silico tools.

Results:
Delta variant belonging to 21A, 21I, and 21J clades was found to be predominant throughout the year 2021 though many variants were also present. A total of 4639 amino acid mutations were found in S-protein. D614G was the most predominant mutation in the S-protein followed by P681R, L452R, T19R, T478K, and D950N. The highest number of mutations was found in the N-terminal domain of S-protein. Mutations in the crucial sites of S-protein impacting pathogenicity, immunogenicity, and fusogenicity were identified. Intralineage diversity analysis showed that certain variants of SARS-CoV-2 possess high diversification.

Conclusions:
The study has disclosed the distribution of various variants including the Delta, the predominant variant, in India throughout the year 2021. The study has identified mutations in S-protein of each SARS-CoV-2 variant that can significantly impact the virulence, immune evasion, increased transmissibility, high morbidity, and mortality. In addition, it is found that mutations acquired during each viral replication cycle introduce new sub-lineages as studied by intralineage diversity analysis.
Retrograde ureteral catheterization under local anesthesia for emergency drainage in patients with infection and hydronephrosis secondary to ureteral calculi: Experience from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Hsu Chun-Kai , Young Wan-Ling , Wu Shu-Yu 
Published: May 2023

Objectives:
The aim is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of retrograde ureteral catheterization under local anesthesia in patients with urinary tract infections complicated by hydronephrosis caused by ureteral stone obstruction.

Materials and Methods:
From October 2020 to September 2021, a retrospective analysis of patients’ medical records was performed. Records of past history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging investigations were reviewed. Retrograde ureteric stent (RUS) was performed under local anesthesia using cystoscopes and guided by portable fluoroscopy. Real-time fluoroscopy was used to verify the double-J stent position and confirm a smooth process. The postoperative recovery and length of admission were also recorded.

Results:
A total of 14 patients with ureteral stone obstruction with infective hydronephrosis received 15 total emergency RUS procedures (one bilateral). Intraoperative findings, operation times, and infection signs were recorded and analyzed. All patients met systemic infection criteria, with a mean body temperature of 38.7°C ± 1.7°C. Leukocytosis was noted in 8 (57.1%) patients. Elevated C-reactive protein (8.5 ± 6.3 mg/L) and procalcitonin (24.1 ± 22.0 ng/mL) were found in 13 (92.9%) and 9 (64.3%) patients, respectively. Mean stone size was 8.5 ± 6.3 mm, mostly localized to the upper ureter (upper: 12; middle: 0; lower: 3). Mean operation time was 14.1 ± 4.3 min. After emergency drainage, all patients improved and were discharged after infection was controlled. The average length of admission was 6.2 ± 2.2 days.

Conclusion:
RUS under local anesthesia is safe and effective for treating infective hydronephrosis due to ureteral stone obstruction. A randomized controlled trial with a large sample remains necessary to validate these findings.
Correlation between clozapine use and metabolic syndrome in schizophrenic patients
Authors: Harjaningsih Woro , Ikawati Zullies , Mustofa  , Fitrianis  , Khoirunnisa Rina Silfiana , Istivada Nida 
Published: May 2023

Background: Clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic agent, is effective for relapse or refractory schizophrenia that has failed to respond to other antipsychotic medications. Despite its effectiveness, clozapine has a higher risk of metabolic syndrome than other antipsychotics.
Objective: This research aimed to identify the correlation between clozapine and metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, cholesterol, and blood glucose levels, in schizophrenic patients at Ghrasia Mental Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Method: This is a cross-sectional research. Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were randomly sampled from outpatients between November 2021 and February 2022. The research collected medical record data (characteristic patients, medication patterns, and body mass index) and analysed blood profiles (cholesterol and glucose levels). The data were analysed descriptively and statistically.
Result: Among the 71 patients in this research, 37 (52.11%) were male and 34 (47.89%) were female, with an average age of 36-45 years. The treatment patterns of patients were as follows: 44 were taking only clozapine and 27 patients did not use clozapine. Clozapine was frequently combined with risperidone and haloperidol in this research. Bivariate analysis using Fisher's Exact test revealed no significant correlation between clozapine use, clozapine regimen (single or combined), duration of clozapine therapy (>= 5 years), and clozapine dose (high or low) with obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglycemia. Meanwhile, multivariate analysis revealed a significant correlation between gender and obesity (p < 0.05), with women having a 0.299 higher risk than men. The effects of age and duration of schizophrenia on hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia were insignificant.
Conclusion: There was no correlation found between clozapine use and metabolic syndrome. Gender was found to have a significant correlation with obesity in the research.
Analysis of polypharmacy events and drug-drug interaction in COVID-19 therapy
Authors: Pradiningsih Anna , Qiyaam Nurul , Nopitasari Baiq Leny 
Published: May 2023

Background: Polypharmacy is the use of five or more types of drugs in a therapy simultaneously. The use of polypharmacy therapy increases the potential for drug-drug interactions. In COVID-19 therapy, the use of varied antiviral and non-antiviral medications allow for increased polypharmacy and potential drug interactions.
Objective: To determine the relationship between polypharmacy and drug-drug interactions in COVID-19 therapy.
Method: This is an analytical observational study with retrospective data retrieval using secondary data sources. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total of 91 samples. Tracing potential drug interactions was reviewed through the Micromedex 2.0 application and the results obtained were analysed with the Spearman correlation analysis test.
Result: The results of data obtained from non-polypharmacy events was 3.20% and polypharmacy events was 96.80%. The potential for drug interactions was at the Contraindicated category (3.78%), the Major Category (66.19%), the Moderate category (27.87%) and the Minor category (2.16%). The results from the test showed a very strong positive correlation between polypharmacy and potential drug interactions characterised by a p-value of 0.0001 and a correlation coefficient of 0.874.
Conclusion: The higher the increase in polypharmacy, the higher the potential for drug interactions. Handling of drug interactions that occur can be given by giving a pause in the time of drug use, dose adjustment, and drug turnover.