bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aging affects the number and morphological heterogeneity of rat phrenic motor neurons and phrenic motor axons
Authors: Fogarty Matthew J. , Sieck Gary C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDiaphragm muscle (DIAm) motor units comprise a phrenic motor neuron (PhMN), the phrenic nerve and the muscle fibers innervated, with the size of PhMNs and axons characteristic of motor unit type. Smaller PhMNs and their axons comprise slow (type S) and fatigue‐resistant (type FR) DIAm motor units, while larger PhMNs and their axons comprise more fatigable (type FF) motor units. With aging, we have shown a loss of larger PhMNs, consistent with selective atrophy of type IIx/IIb DIAm fibers and reduced maximum DIAm force. In the present study, we hypothesized that with aging there is a loss of larger myelinated phrenic α motor axons. Female and male young (6 months) and old (24 months) Fischer 344 rats were studied. PhMNs were retrogradely labeled by intrapleural injection of 488‐conjugated CTB. The phrenic nerves were excised ~1 cm from the DIAm insertion and mounted in resin, and phrenic α motor axons were delineated based on size (i.e., >4 μm diameters). In older rats, the number of larger PhMNs and larger phrenic α motor axons were reduced. There were no differences in non‐α axons. In addition, there was evidence of demyelination of larger phrenic α motor axons in older rats. Together, these findings are consistent with the selective age‐related vulnerability of larger PhMNs and denervation of type FF motor units, which may underlie DIAm sarcopenia.
Effects of hypoxia on exercise‐induced diaphragm fatigue in healthy males and females
Authors: Reinhard Paige A. , Archiza Bruno , Welch Joseph F. , Benbaruj Jenna , Guenette Jordan A. , Koehle Michael S. , Sheel A. William 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFollowing high‐intensity, normoxic exercise there is evidence to show that healthy females, on average, exhibit less fatigue of the diaphragm relative to males. In the present study, we combined hypoxia with exercise to test the hypothesis that males and females would develop a similar degree of diaphragm fatigue following cycle exercise at the same relative exercise intensity. Healthy young participants (n = 10 male; n = 10 female) with a high aerobic capacity (120% predicted) performed two time‐to‐exhaustion (TTE; ~85% maximum) cycle tests on separate days breathing either a normoxic or hypoxic (FiO2 = 0.15) gas mixture. Fatigue of the diaphragm was assessed in response to cervical magnetic stimulation prior to, immediately post‐exercise, 10‐, 30‐, and 60‐min post‐exercise. Males and females had similar TTE durations in normoxia (males: 690 ± 181 s; females: 852 ± 401 s) and hypoxia (males: 381 ± 160 s; females: 400 ± 176 s) (p > 0.05). Cycling time was significantly shorter in hypoxia versus normoxia in both males and females (p < 0.05) and did not differ on the basis of sex (p > 0.05). Following the hypoxic TTE tests, males and females experienced a similar degree of diaphragm fatigue compared to normoxia as shown by 20%–25% reductions in transdiaphragmatic twitch pressure. This occurred despite the fact that exercise time in hypoxia was substantially shorter relative to normoxia and the cumulative diaphragm work was lower. We also observed that females did not fully recover from diaphragm fatigue in hypoxia, whereas males did (p < 0.05). Sex differences in the rate of diaphragm contractility recovery following exercise in hypoxia might relate to sex‐based differences in substrate utilization or diaphragm blood flow.
Thermodynamic analysis of vanadium distribution behavior in blast furnaces and basic oxygen furnaces
Authors: He Yang , Chen Chunlin , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Production data from a vanadium (V)-containing titaniferous magnetite (VTM) smelting blast furnace (BF) ironmaking plant and a V-recovering basic oxygen furnace (BOF) shop were collected over a period of 1 year. The corresponding thermodynamics was analyzed in terms of V reduction in the BF operation and V oxidation in the BOF operation. The thermodynamic calculations were performed using the software Multi-Phase Equilibrium (MPE), in which generalized central atom model was introduced into the description of molten slag and applied for the slag database. The effects of operating conditions on V distribution ratios between slag and hot metal/semi-steel were analyzed and compared with the plant data. The simulated results could reproduce the variation of V distribution ratios with slag temperature and composition and provide the guidance for operators to control V distribution behavior for the better process operation.
National Identity and Belonging of Yemenite Jews in The Journey of Buried Secrets
Authors: Mohammed Alwuraafi Ebrahim 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article discusses the national identity of the Yemenite Jews as portrayed in Majdi Saleh’s novel The Journey of Buried Secrets. The novel, in addition to being a journey to the ancient past of Yemen, is a journey to the secret life of the Yemenite Jews as well. It is an exploration of their customs, traditions, worries, passions and identity. The writer has been able to dive deep into the depths of Yemeni society, both Muslim and Jewish, depicting the beauty of Yemen architecture, ancient inscriptions and living styles of bygone days. Saleh’s novel presents a new perspective of the Yemenite Jew, one who identifies himself with Yemen and feels proud of this attachment to the land of his birth. The article argues that Yemenite Jews have been emotionally and cognitively attached to their motherland and perceived themselves as being Yemenites belonging to the country where they were born and grew up. It asserts that such a sense of belonging is the outcome of religious tolerance and coexistence of the larger Muslim community.
Smoothing Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm for solving non-Lipschitz absolute value equations
Authors: Yilmaz Nurullah , Kayacan Aysegul 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this study, we concentrate on solving the problem of non-Lipschitz absolute value equations (NAVE).
A new Bezier curve based smoothing technique is introduced and a new Levenberg–Marquardt type algorithm is developed depending on the smoothing technique.
The numerical performance of the algorithm is analysed by considering some well-known and randomly generated test problems.
Finally, the comparison with other methods is illustrated to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Fractal-fractional advection–diffusion–reaction equations by Ritz approximation approach
Authors: Md Nasrudin Farah Suraya , Phang Chang , Kanwal Afshan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, we propose the Ritz approximation approach with a satisfier function to solve fractal-fractional advection–diffusion–reaction equations. The approach reduces fractal-fractional advection–diffusion–reaction equations to a system of algebraic equations; hence, the system can be solved easily to obtain the numerical solution for fractal-fractional advection–diffusion–reaction equations. With only a few terms of two variables-shifted Legendre polynomials, this method is capable of providing high-accuracy solution for fractal-fractional advection–diffusion–reaction equations. Numerical examples show that this approach is comparable with the existing numerical method. The proposed approach can reduce the number of terms of polynomials needed for numerical simulation to obtain the solution for fractal-fractional advection–diffusion–reaction equations.
Preparation and photocatalytic degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by g-C3N4 nano composite samples
Authors: Guan Yuchen , Ren Zhixin , Lang Yan , Liu Tianze , Gong Zhao , Lv Yuguang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Graphite-carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was prepared by thermocondensation, and g-C3N4/BiVO4 material (GCB) and g-C3N4/CNTs composite material (GCC) were prepared by doping different contents of BiVO4 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with g-C3N4 samples, respectively. Then, BiVO4, CNTs, and g-C3N4 samples with different contents were doped to prepare ternary composite material (GCBC). In the performance experiment, Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) was used as degradation material to evaluate the photocatalytic performance of the prepared samples, and the degradation reaction kinetics equation, quadric cycle stability experiment, free radical capture, and intermediates identification were studied. The intermediates of photocatalytic degradation of SMZ were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. From the experimental data, it can be seen that for SMZ solution, when the reaction time T = 0 min and retention time rt = 7.53 min, there is a peak corresponding to the substance with m/z [M + H]+ of 254, which is judged as SMZ. At 20, 40, and 60 min, rt was 2.00, 7.06, and 9.57 min, indicating the presence of intermediates in the photocatalytic process. Experimental analysis shows that there are three intermediates of SMZ degradation by composite sample GCBC. In this work, three kinds of composite materials were successfully prepared, and a variety of characterization, SMZ as pollutants, test the photocatalytic performance of composite materials (GCB, GCC, and GCBC) samples, and elucidated the cyclic stability of the material, active species capture, and photocatalytic degradation mechanism.
Solar lighting systems applied in photocatalysis to treat pollutants – A review
Authors: Maldonado Pérez Alejandra Xochitl , Pérez Bueno José de Jesús 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This work summarizes the different natural lighting systems applied for pollutant treatment systems using photocatalysis. The principles and fundamentals of the technologies used are revisited and examples of technologies most used for treatment either at the laboratory or at the pilot plant level are disclosed. This unveils a general panorama of treatment technologies via photocatalysis, using natural sunlight as an illumination source. Aside from these concentrated solar power systems that are inviable for photocatalytic aqueous treatments, reported scientific works are shown about heliostats, parabolic troughs, Fresnel lenses, and direct illuminated systems. As a valuable result of this review, the power used in photocatalytic systems requires higher attention not only in these systems but in laboratories and prototypes. Photocatalysts and their countless configuration variants are limited due to the potential barriers in particle borders, interfaces, and surfaces to cause redox reactions in water and pollutant target molecules. These factors reduce photocatalyst efficiencies for converting light energy to useful electron pair charge carriers for water treatments. The use of solar concentration systems applied to photocatalytic treatment systems can generate enough charge carriers, improving the efficiency of the systems, and making it feasible to scale up various configurations of this treatment pathway. Subsequently, the photocatalyst material and light are both important.
Study on the solidification property and mechanism of soft soil based on the industrial waste residue
Authors: Dong Wanying , Zhan Qiwei , Zhao Xiangran , Wang Anhui , Zhang Yongsheng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The solidification property and mechanism of soft soil based on the industrial waste residue was studied systematically. First, the properties of soft soil solidified by single blast furnace slag, phosphogypsum and cement were carried out, and the solidification effect of Portland cement was better compared with blast furnace slag and phosphogypsum. Second, the composite solidification agent formula with excellent solidification performance was developed, and the mass ratio of Portland cement, blast furnace slag and phosphogypsum was 1:2.3:0.8. At this time, compressive strength was up to 8845.1 kPa. Finally, the composition and microstructure of the solidification soft soil was studied by X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope. Calcium hydroxide formed by the hydration of Portland cement and calcium sulfate in phosphogypsum were used as activators for hydration reaction of blast furnace slag, and more hydration products under the synergistic action of Portland cement hydration and blast furnace slag hydration were formed. Hydrated calcium silicate colloid and Ettringite crystal played an important role in skeleton and filling, and the structure of soft soil solidified by composite solidification agent was the most compact.
Narrative Review of Sex Differences in Muscle Strength, Endurance, Activation, Size, Fiber Type, and Strength Training Participation Rates, Preferences, Motivations, Injuries, and Neuromuscular Adaptations
Authors: Nuzzo James L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Nuzzo, JL. Narrative review of sex differences in muscle strength, endurance, activation, size, fiber type, and strength training participation rates, preferences, motivations, injuries, and neuromuscular adaptations. J Strength Cond Res 37(2): 494–536, 2023—Biological sex and its relation with exercise participation and sports performance continue to be discussed. Here, the purpose was to inform such discussions by summarizing the literature on sex differences in numerous strength training–related variables and outcomes—muscle strength and endurance, muscle mass and size, muscle fiber type, muscle twitch forces, and voluntary activation; strength training participation rates, motivations, preferences, and practices; and injuries and changes in muscle size and strength with strength training. Male subjects become notably stronger than female subjects around age 15 years. In adults, sex differences in strength are more pronounced in upper-body than lower-body muscles and in concentric than eccentric contractions. Greater male than female strength is not because of higher voluntary activation but to greater muscle mass and type II fiber areas. Men participate in strength training more frequently than women. Men are motivated more by challenge, competition, social recognition, and a desire to increase muscle size and strength. Men also have greater preference for competitive, high-intensity, and upper-body exercise. Women are motivated more by improved attractiveness, muscle “toning,” and body mass management. Women have greater preference for supervised and lower-body exercise. Intrasexual competition, mate selection, and the drive for muscularity are likely fundamental causes of exercise behaviors in men and women. Men and women increase muscle size and strength after weeks of strength training, but women experience greater relative strength improvements depending on age and muscle group. Men exhibit higher strength training injury rates. No sex difference exists in strength loss and muscle soreness after muscle-damaging exercise.
Strength and Conditioning Recommendations for Female Athletes: The Gaelic Footballer
Authors: Duggan John David , Keane Karen , Moody Jeremy , Byrne Paul J. , Malone Shane , Collins Kieran , Ryan Lisa 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTLadies Gaelic football (LGF) is a traditional, amateur Gaelic sport played by female athletes. LGF is an invasion-based field sport involving high-intensity, intermittent match play. There is currently a paucity of research on intercounty (elite level) LGF despite a growing interest in the male version of the game. This article aims to provide strength and conditioning recommendations for LGF with particular focus on the intercounty level of play. Recommendations within this article include a needs analysis, female injury epidemiology, physical and physiological demands, female physiology, strength training, and specific conditioning guidelines based on the sport. Additional recommendations include an LGF-specific testing battery, a proposed periodization cycle, and sports-specific speed and agility development.
Fathering in the Chilean context: Wellbeing and father involvement pre and post the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Aldoney Daniela , García María Ignacia , Panesso Carolina 
Published: January 2023

We examined father involvement in two groups of two-parent Chilean families with children aged from 2 to 7 years, one prior to the pandemic (N = 115) and the second during the pandemic (N = 103). We first presented a description of fathering in the Chilean context and then examined potential predictors of fathers’ cognitive and affective involvement. Data showed that during the pandemic fathers reported significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms compared to before the pandemic. However, levels of cognitive and affective involvement did not vary across studies. Parental stress predicted cognitive and affective involvement in pre-pandemic fathers. Number of children and educational level were related only to cognitive involvement. The implications of these findings for intervention and future research are discussed.
Noise Exposure and Hearing Health in the Workplace
Authors: Merijanti Lie Tanu 
Published: January 2023

Noise exposure is a potential occupational hazard found in almost every industrial sector.In Indonesia from research conducted on workers in workshops, wood industries and ferries, it was found that the noise intensity was between 85 – 103 dB and the prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss was between 21.7% - 34.5%. Besides being able to cause hearing loss, high-intensity noise also causes physical and psychological stress, interferes with communication and concentration, reduces work productivity, and even triggers work accidents. However, noise is often accepted as an unavoidable part of industrial processes causing workers to seem accustomed to noise and do not realize that it will gradually interfere with hearing and if left unchecked it can cause permanent / irreversible sensorineural hearing loss, so preventive measures are the best option to avoid hearing damage.
Pengaruh Employee Engagement, Job Design, dan Organizational Culture terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Bank Syariah Indonesia KC Palembang Demang
Authors: Khairunnisa Dila , Amri Ulil , Iqbal Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between employee engagement, job design, and organizational culture on the performance of employees of Bank Syariah Indonesia KC Palembang Demang. This study uses quantitative methods. The population is 60 employeesby using non-probability sampling, meaning that all employees have the same opportunity to be selected as samples. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that 1) Employee engagement positive and significant effect on employee performance, as evidenced by the results of the t-test of 3.383, which is greater than t-table of 2.003 with a significance of 0.001 and a regression coefficient of 0.459. This shows that the higher the employee engagement, the higher the resulting performance. 2) Job design positive and significant effect on employee performance, as evidenced by the results of the t-test 2.114 which is greater than t-table 2.004 with a significance of 0.038 and a regression coefficient of 0.379. This shows that the higher the employee's job design value, the higher the resulting performance. 3) Organizational culture positive and significant effect on employee performance, as evidenced by tcount 2.463 which is greater than ttable 2.003 with a significance of 0.016 and a regression coefficient of 0.563. This shows that the better the organizational culture in an organization, the better the resulting performance.
Relationship Between Learning Motivation and Self-Regulated Learning Arabic Language and Literature Students Class of 2020-2021 in Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Oktariani Della , Lukmawati Lukmawati 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aims to determine the relationship between learning motivation with self regulated learning for Arabic Laugauge and Literatur students class of 2020-2021 in online learning during the pandemic covid-19. The population in this study were students of Arabic Language and Literatur class 2020-2021, totaling 122 students. The sample in this study were 94 students. The sampling technique used in this study is the Clutser Random Sampling method. This study uses a quantitative correlation method with Spearment analysis. All statistical calculations were carried out using the help of the SPSS version 22 Program for windows. Based on the results of the analysis, the correlation coefficient between learning motivation with self regulated learning is r = 0,523 with a significant value of 0,000 where p = < 0,05. So there is a relationship between learning motivation with self regulated learning for Arabic Laugauge and Literatur students class of 2020-2021 in online learning during the pandemic covid-19.

Key words: Learning motivation, Self regulated learning, Pandemic covid-19

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara motivasi belajar dengan self regulated learning mahasiswa Bahasa dan Sastra Arab angkatan 2020-2021 pada pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi covid-19. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Bahasa dan Sastra Arab angkatan 2020-2021 yang berjumlah 122 mahasiswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 94 mahasiswa. Teknik Pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Cluster Random Sampling (klaster), Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasi dengan analisis Spearman. Keseluruhan perhitungan statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan program SPSS versi 22 for windows. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh besarnya koefisien korelasi antara motivasi belajar dengan self regulated learning sebesar r = 0,523 dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 dimana p = < 0,05. Maka terdapat hubungan antara motivasi belajar dengan self regulated learning mahasiswa Bahasa dan Sastra Arab angkatan 2020-2021 pada pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi Covid-19.

Kata kunci: Motivasi belajar, Self regulated learning, Pandemi Covid-19
Maslahah Study of an Innovation Program Called "Always Samawa Forward" For New Bride
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Hadi Sutrisno , Tiswarni Tiswarni , Bakhtiar bin Jelani Ahmad 
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine an innovative program called "Always Samawa Forward" which was initiated by the Department of Population and Civil Registration (Disdukcapil), South Solok Regency, from the perspective of maslaḥah. The research was motivated by the efforts made by the Disdukcapil in responding the complaints from the community who find it difficult to process various new residence documents when they are married. This research is qualitative. Data sources are primary and secondary. Primary data comes from interviews with Disdukcapil employees, Head of KUA, Ulama, Head of Jorong, and several communities in South Solok Regency. Data collection techniques are interviews, and documentation. data analysis is descriptive. The results of the study show that this innovation program is very important to do considering the difficulties that must be faced by newlyweds and their families in managing some of their residence documents after marriage. The Mechanism of the program begins with the MoU between Disdukcapil and the heads of KUA in South Solok. From the perspective of maslaḥah, this innovation program is appropriate because it makes it easier for newly married couples and their families to manage various new population documents. When viewed from the level of maslaḥah, the policy of this innovation program can be classified as maslaḥah hajiyah.