bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel concept of passive loop-forming wire-guided biliary cannulation using an ultra-deep angled tip guidewire (with video)
Authors: Ban Tesshin , Kubota Yoshimasa , Takahama Takuya , Sasoh Shun , Tanida Satoshi , Ando Tomoaki , Nakamura Makoto , Joh Takashi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Wire-guided biliary cannulation (WGBC) is a standard technique during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-related interventions. However, no dedicated guidewire is available. We investigated a novel “passive loop-forming WGBC” concept using a 0.035-inch ultra-deep angled tip guidewire.
Patients and methods This single-arm, single-center, retrospective study included consecutive 111 patients who underwent passive loop-forming WGBC as the first biliary intervention between October 2021 and December 2022.
Results WGBCs were completed within 5 minutes and overall were performed at a median papillary negotiation time of 81 seconds (interquartile range [IQR], 39–170) and 114 seconds (IQR, 49–303) in 83 (74.8%) and 106 (95.5%) cases, respectively. Logistic regression analysis identified age ≥ 80 years (odds ratio [OR]: 3.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–11.31) and unintentional pancreatic guidewire insertion (OR: 17.67, 95% CI: 5.75–54.31) as significant risk factors for failed WGBC within 5 minutes. Among the 106 obtained cannulations, the guidewire leading part formed a small-looped tip and wide-looped body in 83 (78.3%) and 23 (21.7%) cases, respectively. Adverse events included post-procedure pancreatitis (2/111 [1.8%]) and guidewire penetration (3/111 [2.7%]).
Conclusions Passive loop-forming WGBC using an ultra-deep angled tip guidewire is a feasible procedure.
Improved Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Ureas via Carbamates
Authors: Gill Manjinder Singh , Prachi Ramteke , Tanwar Dinesh Kumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn efficient, cost-effective, easy and green method is reported for the preparation of N,N′-alkyl aryl ureas and N,N′-dialkylureas via carbamates. This improved procedure is devoid of any hazardous reagents such as phosgene and isocyanates, and shows broad substrate scope with good to excellent yields. As compared to previous reports, this procedure offers an operationally simple, potentially scalable, and, significantly, benign way to synthesize these important urea motifs.
Efficient Synthesis of Chirally Enriched 1H-Imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazole- and 4H-Imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazole-Based Bioactive Glycohybrids
Authors: Sagar Ram , Mishra Vinay Kumar , Tiwari Ghanshyam , Khanna Ashish , Tyagi Rajdeep 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCarbohydrates, traditionally known for their energy-providing role, have gained significant attention in drug discovery due to their diverse bioactivities and stereodiversity. However, pure carbohydrate molecules often exhibit limited bioactivity and suboptimal chemical and physical characteristics. To address these challenges, bioactive scaffolds have been incorporated into carbohydrate to enhance their bioactivity and improve their overall properties. Among the various heterocyclic structural motifs known for their pharmacological properties, imidazo-pyrazole and imidazo-triazole skeleton have gained larger attention among synthetic and medicinal chemists as they possess good biological and pharmacological properties. The incorporation of these bioactive scaffolds with carbohydrates adopting developed efficient synthetic protocol to synthesize new class of imidazo-pyrazole and imidazo-triazole glycohybrid molecules is reported. The carbohydrate-derived α-iodo-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-ones have been identified as suitable precursors, which were coupled with various aminopyrazoles and aminotriazoles to obtain designed glycohybrids. Thus, various imidazo-pyrazole and imidazo-triazole based glycohybrids have been prepared efficiently in good to excellent yields. These new glycohybrids were evaluated for their anticancer activity and selected compounds were found to possess submicromolar anticancer activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. These molecules could potentially be developed as new chemical entities in pharmaceutical chemistry and may encourage the use of carbohydrates in stereo-divergent synthesis and drug discovery processes.
Total Hip Arthroplasties in Polio Survivors: A Systematic Review
Authors: Akadiri Michael , Smith Christian , Wong Fabian , Davidson Jerome 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is a paucity of evidence regarding outcomes of post-polio patients following total hip arthroplasty (THA). This systematic review examines the evidence regarding implant choice, surgical planning, outcomes, and complications for post-polio patients undergoing THA. A multidatabase literature search was performed. Included articles were assessed for methodological quality using the abridged Downs and Black's criteria. Data was extracted regarding patient demographics, intraoperative details, outcome measures, and postoperative complications. Six articles were included in this review; all were retrospective case series. One hundred and six hips in 97 patients underwent THA. There was no consensus regarding the optimal approach or implant fixation. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) showed a demonstrable improvement following THA. Postoperative dislocation was more common compared with patients without post-polio syndrome. Patients with post-polio syndrome who undergo THA have beneficial outcomes as determined by improvements in PROMs. Higher quality research may not be possible due to the increasing rarity of patients suffering from polio.
Cystatin A Down-regulation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Decreases Cancer Hallmark Signatures
Authors: Boora Geeta S. , Chauhan Anshika , Bal Amanjeet , Verma Roshan K. , Pal Arnab 
Published: August 2023

Background
Cystatin A (CSTA), an endogenous inhibitor of lysosomal cysteine protease, is expressed primarily in epithelial tissues. The expression of CSTA was found to be dysregulated in various cancers and associated with cancer pathogenesis, but its role is reported to be contradictory. Our previous preliminary study found CSTA to be upregulated in the saliva and tissues of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In this current study, we have explored the role of CSTA in the pathophysiology of HNSCC.

Methods
First, we confirmed the upregulation of CSTA in CAL 27 (p = 0.0242) and FaDu (p = 0.0014), two HNSCC cell lines, compared to the normal gingival epithelium. CSTA was then stably knocked down in CAL 27 and FaDu using the lentiviral short hairpin RNA pLKO vector transduction to study the effects of CSTA knockdown on various cancer hallmarks such as cell proliferation ability, invasion, migration, colony formation, and chemotherapy-induced apoptosis.

Results
CSTA knockdown significantly decreased cell viability, cell migration, transwell invasion, and colony formation in both cell lines. CSTA downregulation also enhanced cisplatin-induced apoptosis.

Conclusion
Overall, this study suggests the protumorigenic role of CSTA in HNSCC.
Pediatric Renovascular Hypertension: A Pediatric Interventional Radiologist's Perspective
Authors: Goyal Kanav , Yadav Taruna , Garg Pawan Kumar , Khera Pushpinder , Tiwari Sarbesh , Rajagopal Rengarajan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRenovascular hypertension (RVH) contributes close to one-fourth of the secondary etiologies of hypertension in children and a delay in diagnosis can result in adverse clinical outcomes. RVH in children is clinically silent with elevations in blood pressure measurements sometimes as its sole manifestation. Only a high index of suspicion by the clinician can prompt its detection. Despite the availability of other imaging modalities like ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, digital subtraction angiography is still considered the gold standard to make a diagnosis of RVH. Angioplasty is considered the treatment of choice in appropriately selected patients. In this article, we shall focus on the various imaging findings, and management of RVH in children, which requires a multidisciplinary approach with a special focus on the role of interventional radiology.
Rhinoplasty with Concurrent Repair of Septal Perforation
Authors: Jones Evan A. , Olson Krista L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConcurrently performing septal perforation repair and rhinoplasty is challenging. Successful management of patients who require or desire these procedures performed simultaneously can be achieved with appropriate preoperative workup and optimization, thoughtful surgical planning, masterful execution, and diligent postoperative care. Consideration of perforation etiology and status of the perforation along with overall nasal health are the foundation upon which surgery may be planned. Preoperative evaluation to determine locations of obstruction, aesthetic goals, and feasibility of procedure is required. Rhinoplasty techniques and perforation closure techniques may share common maneuvers making concurrent surgery possible. Surgical techniques to achieve perforation closure often influence rhinoplasty considerations, and vice versa. Care must be taken to account and possibly even to capitalize on these influences. Perforation closure techniques that may be readily combined with rhinoplasty include interposition grafting and intranasal mucosal rotational advancement flaps, which may exert forces upon the nose with aesthetic or functional consequences. Rhinoplasty techniques targeting any third of the nose also can impact tension or available mucosa for perforation closure techniques. Combining these procedures can be very rewarding for the patient and provider but should be considered responsibly and thoughtfully.
Introducing Bayesian belief updating as a method to counter improvised explosive devices: a qualitative case study on identifying human behaviours associated with explosive chemical precursor diversion
Authors: Collett Gareth , Ladyman Melissa , Temple Tracey , Hazael Rachael , McNaught Ken 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCountering improvised explosive devices (C-IED) is a significant theme of the twenty-first century, particularly in regions with limited governance and a fragile rule of law. Many strands of activity are involved, with human interaction proving difficult to predict. However, Bayesian belief updating (used across several academic fields to provide insight into human behaviours) has never been considered. Given the breadth of C-IED, this research focusses on a state affected by conflict, and where illicit diversion of explosive chemical precursors (ECP) for IED manufacture is supported by the population. It aims to represent (both visually and probabilistically) a methodology by which human relationships could be better understood, thereby promoting belief updating as new evidence becomes available. Such belief updating would refine focus and improve resource mobilisation.
The heterotopia of the palace in Abdo Khal’s Throwing Sparks (2009)
Authors: Althagafy Raid 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article endeavors to negotiate Michel Foucault’s concept of heterotopia in Abdo Khal’s Booker-Award winning novel Throwing Sparks (2009). The central premise of this article is to offer a new understanding of spatiality, constituted by the simultaneous existences of ‘other’ spaces, which can be viewed in their relations as proximate to, contradictory to, or even reflective of each other. In this novel, the Palace is a real and symbolic space and/or place which oscillates between oppressive homogeneity and individualized depravity. The Palace in Throwing Sparks is a representational temporality that embodies the demarcation and relation between the ‘private’ and the ‘public’, allowing for a new site of material spatiality. The rise of an interstitial (heterotopic) space to fill in between the public and the private is what characterizes the Palace in the novel. It allows for the emergence of a whole landscape of power politics driven by the ramifications of the space and affecting its inhabitants. Since this space is analyzable, its inhabitants are overshadowed by its grander aura. In the Palace, the body does not belong to the individual and his/her own will. It rather belongs to the ‘institutionalized’ volition of the Palace in which ‘docility’ rather than subjectivity and agency is what remains as a performative practice for the survival of its inhabitants.
Improved method for simultaneous determination of thermal properties
Authors: Nagasawa Mitsuharu , Inoue Ryuunosuke , Nakanishi Takeshi , Morita Kengo 
Published: August 2023

An improved method to simultaneously determine the heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity of a small-sized material is described. In this method, the heat of a square wave with a superimposed constant component is applied to one side of a plate-shaped sample using a thin-film heater, which is thermally linked to a heat reservoir. The response temperature is measured by a thermometer attached to the heater. In contrast to a previously reported method, the amplitude of the temperature oscillation detected by the thermometer is enhanced by the internal thermal relaxation in the improved method. This feature is advantageous for determining thermal properties with low-heat modulation. We theoretically analyzed the proposed method using a one-dimensional model and demonstrated the method on synthetic quartz (SiO2) and poly(methyl methacrylate) plates in the temperature range of 80–300 K. The thermal properties obtained for both samples using the proposed method were consistent with values reported in the literature. The deviations from the data for the specific heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity were estimated to be ∼1%, 2%, and 2%, respectively.
Method for estimating elastic modulus of doped semiconductors by using ab initio calculations—Doping effect on Young’s modulus of silicon crystal
Authors: Kamiyama Eiji , Sueoka Koji 
Published: August 2023

A novel method for estimating the elastic modulus of doped semiconductors using ab initio calculation is demonstrated for a Si crystal. The elastic modulus of various materials basically depends on lattice constants on which dependence is shown by ab initio calculation and actually depends on the temperature, species, and concentration of doped atoms. This paper focuses on the dependences of species and concentrations of doped atoms at room temperature and shows the simplest procedure within Vegard’s law for estimating the elastic modulus of doped semiconductors.
Numerical investigation of non-planarity and relative motion for bionic slotted wings
Authors: Liu Dan , Cheng Jiaao , Song Bifeng , Yang Wenqing , Xue Dong 
Published: August 2023

Bird wings have split primary feathers that extend out from the wing surface. This structure is called the wingtip slot, which is recognized as a product of bird evolution to improve flight performance. In this paper, numerical simulations based on RANS (Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes) equations are conducted to examine and understand the influence of wingtip slots on six wings at Re = 100 000. The overlapping grid method, driven by an in-house UDF (User Defined Function), is used to model the motion of the bionic slotted wings. The motion law of the winglets is improved based on the law extracted from a level-flying bald eagle. Then the aerodynamic force, pressure distribution, vorticity contours, wake stream, and other flow structures of the slotted wings with different layouts were compared and analyzed. The results show a significant increase in aerodynamic force when the slotted wingtips are employed. The maximum lift-to-drag ratio is also improved in our designed wing model with a non-planar wingtip by a maximum of 34% from the base wing. Each winglet works as a single wing due to the existence of slots, with a chordwise pressure distribution similar to that of the main wing. The vortex structures of slotted wings show expressive changes in the tip vortex as compared with the base wing. Additionally, an innovative bionic slotted wing is proposed with a dynamic wingtip that forms varying gaps between winglets. Due to the collective mechanism of aerodynamic interaction among multiple winglets for the innovative wing, it acquires the optimal time-averaged force during a flapping period. As expected, the slotted wingtip reduces the main wingtip vortex intensity and creates weaker vortices. The non-planarity and relative motion of the wingtip strengthen its weakening effect on the wingtip vortex and wake.
Intracavity dynamics-based gain-assisted sensing with microtubule Raman microlaser
Authors: Li Mingfang , Dai Zongren , Tian Mingwang , Tan Yidong 
Published: August 2023

Microcavity lasers show excellent performance as a miniaturized microsensor in various applications. However, their relatively weak power may be easily submerged in system noises and disturbed by environmental fluctuations, rendering them ineffective at detecting small signals for precise sensing. To solve this problem, the laser differential frequency-shift feedback technique is demonstrated in a microtubule Raman laser to achieve the optical gain assistance. When the microlaser is frequency-shift-modulated and returns back to the resonator, the measurement signal can resonate with the laser relaxation oscillation and be significantly enhanced. The intracavity dynamics-based enhancement makes it effective for increasing intensity changes caused by analytes. Small signals that would otherwise be buried in system noises and go undetected can be more easily resolved. In addition, the microsensor reduces the spectral measurement range and offers a way to observe the fast dynamic response. Based on that, a measurement resolution of 50 nm nanoparticle detection limit and a refractive index noise-limited resolution of 8.18 × 10−7 refractive index unit (RIU) are demonstrated. The dynamic phase transition of thermosensitive hydrogel is further investigated as a validation of its rapid detection capability. Integrated with an inherent microfluidic channel, the proposed microsensor provides a direct interaction between analytes and probe light with ultrasmall sample consumption down to 50 pl. It is expected to boost the detection of weak signals in microlasers and enlighten the development of optofluidic microsensors in exploring diverse biochemical processes.
Effect of rf driving frequency on peripheral high energy electrons in a magnetically expanding plasma reactor
Authors: Nakul Thanatith , Nakahama Yugo , Takahashi Kazunori 
Published: August 2023

Two operational rf driving frequencies of 2 and 13.56 MHz are employed in a 14-cm-diameter radio frequency (rf) plasma source under an expanding magnetic field. The changes in the radial profiles of the ion saturation current and the electron temperature are observed in the magnetically expanding plasma when changing the driving frequency. Peripheral high temperature electrons are detected for the higher frequency case, which is consistent with previous studies, implying a localized electron heating in the radially outer region near the antenna and a transport along the magnetic field. However, it disappears when lowering the rf driving frequency, which would be due to an increase in a skin depth. Therefore, the present results demonstrate that the rf power would be absorbed in radially outer and entire regions of the discharge tube for the higher and lower rf driving frequency cases, respectively. As a result of the ionization induced by the peripheral high temperature electrons in the expanding magnetic field, the density in the expanding magnetic field for the 13.56 MHz case is higher than the 2 MHz case, resulting in the larger thrust as measured by a pendulum target technique.
Gliding photonic topological edge waves
Authors: Zhou Xue , Tong Jinye , Chang Jie , Xu Zhixia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Topological edge waves exist in the infinitely thin domain wall between two photonic crystals (PhCs) with opposite Berry phases. Compared to conventional waveguides that are prone to backscattering, edge waves under topological protection show robustness against localized defects. However, the influence brought by the structural glide is not fully understood. In this work, we investigate the change of topological edge waves by gliding the PhCs. We study two groups of valley edge constructions as examples. The transmission bandwidth, wave velocity, intrinsic losses and robustness are functions of the glide parameter. We fabricated samples and conducted experiments in the microwave regime, and measured results that matched well with the full-wave simulations. Our research indicates that glide-symmetric dislocation is an essential degree of freedom to manipulate topological edge waves.
Ultralow lattice thermal conductivity in bulk and monolayer TlCuSe: a comparative study from first-principles
Authors: Xia Qiong , Xu Zhiyuan , Hu Lei , Liu Yushen , Gao Guoying 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Layered TlCuSe was experimentally found to possess ultralow lattice thermal conductivity due to the weak chemical bond and the strong anharmonicity, however, there is an imaginary frequency in the calculated phonon spectrum based on density functional theory (DFT) (Lin et al 2021 Adv. Mater. 33 2104908). Herein, using DFT + U (Coulomb interaction) and phonon Boltzmann transport theory, we demonstrate that the Coulomb interaction can effectively eliminate the imaginary frequency of the phonon spectrum for both bulk and monolayer TlCuSe. The lattice thermal conductivity can be further decreased from bulk (0.43 W m−1K−1 in-plane at 300 K) to monolayer (0.35 W m−1K−1 at 300 K), which comes from the competition between the increased phonon group velocity and the decreased phonon relaxation time. The larger Grüneisen parameters and phase space volume of the monolayer compared to the bulk indicate an enhanced anharmonicity, leading to a low phonon relaxation time and dominating the decreasing lattice thermal conductivity. The present work highlights the indispensability of Coulomb interaction when exploring the phonon transport. The ultralow lattice thermal conductivity of TlCuSe, especially in the form of monolayers, suggests promising thermoelectric applications.
Reflection-type transparent metamaterial polarization rotator with ultra-wide bandwidth
Authors: Li Lintao , Wen Jingda , Wang Yichen , Jin Yue , Wen Yongzheng , Sun Jingbo , Zhao Qian , Bo Li , Zhou Ji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Polarization is the most fundamental property of electromagnetic waves and the key to control its propagation, while conventional methods can only achieve polarization conversion in narrowband and lack of optical transparency. In this paper, we design an ultra-broadband transparent polarization converter consisting of a surface-etched indium tin oxide (ITO)-polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resonator, a laser-cut polymethyl methacrylate layer, and an ITO-PET substrate bonded together. The structure simulation can achieve the co-polarization reflection coefficient less than −10 dB in 13.1–32.3 GHz. Then, we analyze the conversion mechanism from electric field, magnetic field, and surface current distribution. Moreover, the actual test performance achieves polarization conversion over 90% at 11.5–25.2 GHz with wide-angle incidence performance and visible light transmittance up to 53%. The excellent performance of this structure provides a new idea for the future design of ultra-broadband transparent polarization converters and expands the application of polarization converters in optical fields such as RF.