bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lignocellulosic Materials in Building Elements. Part II. Cement Light-Weight Building Bricks
Authors: Basta Altaf H. , Fadl Nairn A. , Gabra Usama I. 
Published: March 2023

Wood processing and agricultural wastes (spruce wood, bagasse and cotton stalk) were used for the production of cemented lignocellulosic bricks. Pretreatment with 50% linseed oil, followed by hardening at 120°C was carried out to improve water repellency. Several variables were investigated during the formation of the bricks, such as the mesh size of the lignocellulosic waste, the cement to wood ratio and the use of some additives, e.g. urea formaldehyde, aluminium oxide powder, emulsion acrylic (Nitobond AR), hemihydrate gypsum and polyvinyl alcohol. The results obtained indicate that bricks prepared by adding Nitobond AR to cement-wood mixtures have higher strength than those obtained using other additives. Also, bricks produced by blending treated wood waste with cement have better properties than those produced from blends of treated agricultural wastes (bagasse and barked cotton stalk) with cement. The field of application of the product was considered. A plant for the production of cemented lignocellulosic bricks was also designed.
A systematic review of therapeutic strategies in gastroenteropancreatic grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Donadio Mauro D. , Brito Ângelo B. , Riechelmann Rachel P. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine neoplasms with Ki-67 > 20% were subdivided in the most recent 2019 World Health Organization histopathological classification into grade 3 (G3) neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), described as well-differentiated tumors, and neuroendocrine carcinomas, which are described as poorly differentiated tumors. This classification met the demand noted for different prognoses between these subgroups, prompting the need for treatment recommendations for well-differentiated G3 tumors. Methods: We systematically searched medical literature databases and oncology conferences for studies on G3 GEP NET to describe epidemiology, diagnosis, molecular features, and treatments used. We excluded studies that did not discriminate G3 NET data. Data were tabulated and described, and a quality analysis of the reports was performed. Results: We found 23 published studies and six abstracts; 89.7% of studies were retrospective, six were composed exclusively of G3 NETs. Among 761 patients, the median number of patients per study was 15, most were male and older than 60 years, and functional imaging tests were positive in more than 80% of cases. Overall, the scientific evidence supporting the treatment of G3 GEP NETs is limited. For localized disease, resection remains the standard treatment but there is no evidence to support neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy. For advanced disease, capecitabine and temozolomide seems to be the most effective option, with a response rate, median progression-free survival, and median overall survival up to 37.9%, 20.6 months, and 41.2 months, respectively. Conclusion: The latest available data on the epidemiology, diagnosis, molecular changes, and treatment of G3 GEP NET are described. Yet, the level of evidence for treatment recommendations is low, as most studies are retrospective. A treatment algorithm for G3 GEP NET is proposed.
Rheumatology Image of the Month: A Low Resource Innovation With Measurable Results
Authors: Semaka Amy , Katz Steven J 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES Strategies to increase confidence in rheumatology knowledge are valuable for medical trainees and residents. A web-based teaching innovation was implemented in an attempt to increase rheumatology exposure for internal medicine residents. METHODS An Image of the Month webpage was established, where a practicing rheumatologist would post a new image that could be answered online by internal medicine residents. Cumulative data was analyzed to determine the extent and change in rheumatology exposure. RESULTS The Image of the Month webpage posted images for a total of 76 months between July 2010 to May 2017, with a total of 1326 submitted responses. The proportion of residents who only participated in Image of the Month and only did a rheumatology rotation averaged 36.1% and 16.5%, respectively. The proportion of residents who only participated in Image of the Month was higher than the proportion who only did a rheumatology rotation for all of the 7 time periods assessed. A total of 491 residents participated in Image of the Month, with an average of 54.9% of residents participating each year. Overall, on average, 52 residents had 1 or more submissions, 3.6 entries were submitted per resident, and 17.4 entries were submitted per month. Junior residents (PGY1) participated more often than senior residents (PGY3). CONCLUSIONS The Image of the Month webpage successfully improves internal medicine resident exposure to rheumatology with minimal resources and manpower required. Further study is necessary to determine the impact this exposure may have on the abilities and confidence levels of internal medicine residents.
Long-term survival with sickle cell disease: a nationwide cohort study of Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries
Authors: Jiao Boshen , Johnson Kate M. , Ramsey Scott D. , Bender M. A. , Devine Beth , Basu Anirban 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To our knowledge, we report the first population-based period life table, the expected lifetime survival for Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries with sickle cell disease (SCD), and the disparities in survival by insurance types in the United States. We constructed a retrospective cohort of individuals with diagnosed SCD receiving common care (any real-world patterns of care except transplant) based on nationwide Medicare and Medicaid claim data (2008-2016), covering beneficiaries in all 50 states. We analyzed lifetime survival probabilities using Kaplan-Meier curves and projected life expectancies at various ages for all, stratified by sex and insurance types. Our analysis included 94 616 individuals with SCD that have not undergone any transplant. Life expectancy at birth was 52.6 years (95% confidence interval: 51.9-53.4). Compared with the adults covered by Medicaid only, those covered by Medicare for disabilities or end-stage renal disease and those dually insured by Medicare and Medicaid had significantly worse life expectancy. Similarly, for beneficiaries aged ≥65 years, these 2 insurance types were associated with significantly shorter life expectancy than those enrolled in Medicare old age and survivor’s insurance. Our study underscores the persistent life expectancy shortfall for patients with SCD, the burden of premature mortality during adulthood, and survival disparities by insurance status.
Reference equations for breathlessness during incremental cycle exercise testing
Authors: Elmberg Viktor , Schiöler Linus , Lindow Thomas , Hedman Kristofer , Malinovschi Andrei , Lewthwaite Hayley , Jensen Dennis , Brudin Lars , Ekström Magnus 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundExertional breathlessness is commonly assessed using incremental exercise testing (IET), but reference equations for breathlessness responses are lacking. We aimed to develop reference equations for breathlessness intensity during IET.MethodsA retrospective, consecutive cohort study of adults undergoing IET was carried out in Sweden. Exclusion criteria included cardiac or respiratory disease, death or any of the aforementioned diagnoses within 1 year of the IET, morbid obesity, abnormally low exercise capacity, submaximal exertion or an abnormal exercise test. Probabilities for breathlessness intensity ratings (Borg CR10) during IET in relation to power output (%predWmax), age, sex, height and body mass were analysed using marginal ordinal logistic regression. Reference equations for males and females were derived to predict the upper limit of normal (ULN) and the probability of different Borg CR10 intensity ratings.Results2581 participants (43% female) aged 18–90 years were included. Mean breathlessness intensity was similar between sexes at peak exertion (6.7±1.5versus6.4±1.5 Borg CR10 units) and throughout exercise in relation to %predWmax. Final reference equations included age, height and %predWmaxfor males, whereas height was not included for females. The models showed a close fit to observed breathlessness intensity ratings across %predWmaxvalues. Models using absolute W did not show superior fit. Scripts are provided for calculating the probability for different breathlessness intensity ratings and the ULN by %predWmaxthroughout IET.ConclusionWe present the first reference equations for interpreting breathlessness intensity during incremental cycle exercise testing in males and females aged 18–90 years.
Sonographic follow-up of diaphragm function in COVID-19: an exploratory study
Authors: Veldman Carlijn , de Boer Wytze S. , Kerstjens Huib A.M. , Edens Mireille A. , van den Berg Jan Willem K. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionSurvivors of COVID-19 frequently endure chronic disabilities. We hypothesise that diaphragm function has a long recovery time after COVID-19 hospitalisation and may play a role in post-COVID-19 syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess diaphragm function during COVID-19 hospitalisation and during recovery.MethodsWe conducted a prospective single-centre cohort study in 49 enrolled patients, of which 28 completed 1-year follow-up. Participants were evaluated for diaphragm function. Diaphragm function was assessed using ultrasound measuring of diaphragm thickening fraction (TF) within 24 h after admission, after 7 days of admission or at discharge, whichever came first, and 3 and 12 months after hospital admission.ResultsEstimated mean TF increased from 0.56 (95% CI 0.46–0.66) on admission to 0.78 (95% CI 0.65–0.89) at discharge or 7 days after admission, to 1.05 (95% CI 0.83–1.26) 3 months after admission and to 1.54 (95% CI 1.31–1.76) 12 months after admission. The improvements from admission to discharge, 3 months and 12 months were all significant (linear mixed modelling; p=0.020, p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively), and the improvement from discharge to 3-month follow-up was borderline significant (p<0.1).ConclusionDiaphragm function was impaired during hospitalisation for COVID-19. During recovery in hospital and up to 1-year follow-up, diaphragm TF improved, suggesting a long recovery time of the diaphragm. Diaphragm ultrasound may be a valuable modality in the screening and follow-up of (post-)COVID-19 patients for diaphragm dysfunction.
Patient perspectives on noninvasive prenatal testing among black women in the United States: a scoping review
Authors: Thomas Shameka P. , Keller Madison A. , Ranson Tiara , Willard Rachele E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdvances in reproductive health technologies such as noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) are changing the landscape of prenatal care and maternal health. NIPT, made clinically available in the United States (US) in 2011, is a screening test that utilizes cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to detect for aneuploidies and genetic characteristics in fetal DNA. In September 2020, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommended NIPT for all pregnant patients regardless of age or risk factors. We examined peer-reviewed, empirical studies published from January 2011 to February 2022, assessing NIPT studies with patient perspectives in the US and what is known about how empirical studies include Black women. Our scoping review draws from PubMed (with advanced MeSH search options) and Scopus databases for advanced scoping review, with 33 articles meeting our criteria. Empirical studies on NIPT show patient perceptions range across five themes: 1) accuracy / safety, 2) return of results, 3) patient knowledge, 4) informed consent, and 5) perceptions among minoritized groups (with perceptions of race and gender as a social demographic intersection). Additionally, among the 15 studies that included that Black woman in their study sample, none measured the perceptions of Black women with genetic conditions. Bridging this knowledge gap is critical because NIPT is becoming increasingly accessible across the nation and is being developed to screen for additional genetic conditions, such as sickle cell disease. Ultimately, NIPT researchers need to go to greater lengths to examine the patient perspectives of Black women with and without genetic conditions.
Paternal preconception modifiable risk factors for adverse pregnancy and offspring outcomes: a review of contemporary evidence from observational studies
Authors: Carter Tristan , Schoenaker Danielle , Adams Jon , Steel Amie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The preconception period represents transgenerational opportunities to optimize modifiable risk factors associated with both short and long-term adverse health outcomes for women, men, and children. As such, preconception care is recommended to couples during this time to enable them to optimise their health in preparation for pregnancy. Historically, preconception research predominately focuses on maternal modifiable risks and health behaviours associated with pregnancy and offspring outcomes; limited attention has been given to inform paternal preconception health risks and outcomes. This systematic review aims to advance paternal preconception research by synthesising the current evidence on modifiable paternal preconception health behaviours and risk factors to identify associations with pregnancy and/or offspring outcomes.

Methods
Medline, Embase, Maternity and Infant care, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, and ISI Proceedings were searched on the 5th of January 2023, a date limit was set [2012–2023] in each database. A Google Scholar search was also conducted identifying all other relevant papers. Studies were included if they were observational, reporting associations of modifiable risk factors in the preconception period among males (e.g., identified as reproductive partners of pregnant women and/or fathers of offspring for which outcomes were reported) with adverse pregnancy and offspring outcomes. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Exposure and outcome heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis, and results were summarised in tables.

Results
This review identified 56 cohort and nine case control studies. Studies reported on a range of risk factors and/or health behaviours including paternal body composition (n = 25), alcohol intake (n = 6), cannabis use (n = 5), physical activity (n = 2), smoking (n = 20), stress (n = 3) and nutrition (n = 13). Outcomes included fecundability, IVF/ISCI live birth, offspring weight, body composition/BMI, asthma, lung function, leukemia, preterm birth, and behavioural issues. Despite the limited number of studies and substantial heterogeneity in reporting, results of studies assessed as good quality showed that paternal smoking may increase the risk of birth defects and higher paternal BMI was associated with higher offspring birthweight.

Conclusion
The current evidence demonstrates a role of paternal preconception health in influencing outcomes related to pregnancy success and offspring health. The evidence is however limited and heterogenous, and further high-quality research is needed to inform clinical preconception care guidelines to support men and couples to prepare for a health pregnancy and child.
Determination of penetration and protection of fatty acids in bleached hair according to the fatty acid chain length and the application to understanding the protective effects of MCT oil and coconut oil
Authors: Kim Suhwan , Ahn Cheunsoon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHair treatments containing vegetable oils protect the damaged hair by surface coating and by penetrating in hair thereby filling the gaps caused by oxidative damage. Vegetable oil is composed mostly of medium-chain or long-chain fatty acids which exist as triglycerides. Although there are literatures which deal with the penetration of specific natural oils into hair there is a lack of research which provide the empirical data that can be used to explain the penetration of larger population of vegetable oils. This research was aimed to examine whether the chain length of fatty acid affect the penetration of fatty acid and protection in hair and also to apply the results on explaining the protective effect of Medium-Chain Triglyceride oil (MCT oil) and Coconut oil. Nine different hair treatments were formulated with three medium-chain fatty acids (C8:0, C10:0, C12:0), three long-chain fatty acids (C14:0, C16:0, C18:0), MCT oil, Coconut oil, and a blank. Composition of fatty acids of hair was examined by the Gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Penetration of fatty acid in hair was examined by the UV–VIS spectrophotometry. Protection of damaged hair was examined by the differences in color, tensile strength, thickness, and the concentration of protein leak of 21-day vs. 0-day measurements. Results of t-test indicated that the penetration and the protection of the medium-chain fatty acid was significantly better than those of the long-chain fatty acid, and that MCT oil and coconut oil were not significantly different.
Perceived COVID-19 pandemic impact and protective factors predicting patient-reported depression and anxiety in individuals living with cancer
Authors: Fortune Erica E. , Zaleta Alexandra K. , Morris Victoria G. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic presents a unique, amplified threat to those living with a cancer diagnosis, but personal factors may play a role in how this affects well-being. This cross-sectional study (1) describes the impacts of COVID-19 on cancer patients’ lives, and (2) explores the extent to which specific impacts of COVID-19 and noted protective factors, hope and resilience, predict two crucial patient-reported outcomes, depression and anxiety, after controlling for relevant sociodemographic and clinical factors.

Methods
520 cancer patients and survivors in the U.S. completed an online survey during the first year of the pandemic and answered questions about COVID-19 areas of impact, psychological well-being, hope, and resilience. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to analyze the unique impact of each group of variables on patient-reported levels of depression and anxiety during the pandemic.

Results
Participants strongly endorsed COVID-19 impact across several areas of life, especially social activity, well-being, and ability to acquire basic essentials. Regression models explained a substantial amount of variance in patient-reported depression (R2 = .50, p < .001) and anxiety (R2 = .44, p < .001), revealing COVID-19 financial impact as a significant predictor of depression (β = 0.07), and COVID-19 family impact as a significant predictor of anxiety (β = 0.14), even after controlling for the effects of relevant sociodemographic and clinical variables. Additionally, resilience and hope were the largest predictors of both depression (β = − 0.19 and − 0.37, respectively) and anxiety (β = − 0.18 and − 0.29), suggesting that they account for unique variance in patient-reported mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic and might serve as important protective factors.

Conclusions
The current results add to existing literature documenting the significant effect of COVID-19 on those living with cancer. COVID-19 impact, including financial and family well-being, as well as positive psychological constructs, hope and resilience, play a crucial role in levels of patient-reported depression and anxiety during the pandemic. As COVID-19 continues to evolve, health care providers should routinely assess psychological well-being and needs related to COVID-19 financial and family impact in an effort to appropriately align individuals with resources and support, and consider how hope and resilience can be fostered to serve as psychological buffers during this time.
Fantasies of Valentina
Authors: Gonsalez Marcos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article analyzes a RuPaul's Drag Race contestant, Valentina, and the ways her trans/queer of color and Latinx performance strategies obfuscate neoliberal, colonial-capitalist logics. Drawing on trans of color theory, television studies, and Latinx studies, this article argues that Valentina's queer nonbinary racialized televisual persona—which includes, for instance, her iconic lip-synch, mask-wearing faux pas, or campy telenovela moments—enacts aesthetic and performative tactics that defy demands for capitalist productivity, minoritized respectability and professionalism, and racial uplift. The article examines how a trans/queer Mexican American drag queen like Valentina, herself a televisual spectacle, defies discourses structured around debating good versus bad representation, a binary that hamstrings much of the scholarship on Latinx people on television by remixing Latinx stereotypes such as the Latina spitfire with trans/queer possibilities. This torquing of stereotypes centers trans/queer racialized Latinx joy, pleasure, and humor, activating worlds hospitable to trans/queer of color living and thriving.
115 State-to-State Variation in Medicaid and Medicare Reimbursement: Implications for Healthcare Access Among Vulnerable Populations
Authors: Rallo Michael Stephen , Berke Chandler , Menger Richard P. 
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Medicaid and Medicare are social insurance programs providing coverage for specific populations, namely low-income and aged individuals. While Medicare is a federally indexed health insurance program, Medicaid is largely administered by individual states resulting in varying policies and practices.

METHODS:
Maximum allowed physician reimbursement fees for twenty common neurosurgical codes were obtained from the 2022 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule and individual state Medicaid Fee-for-Service Schedules. The Medicaid-Medicare Index (MMI), which measures Medicaid reimbursement as a fraction of Medicare allowed amounts, was calculated for each procedure across 49 states and the District of Columbia. MMI <1 or >1 indicates that Medicaid reimburses less than or greater than Medicare, respectively. The proportion of providers accepting new Medicaid patients and total Medicaid enrollment were compared across states as a function of MMI.

RESULTS:
Maximum allowed amounts for Medicare reimbursement (CV = 0.09) were less variable than Medicaid (CV = 0.26, p < 0.01). The average national MMI was 0.79 with a range of 0.37 in NY/NJ to 1.43 in NE. The largest absolute disparity was observed for intracranial aneurysm clipping in NY, where the maximum Medicaid reimbursement is $3,496.52 less than that of Medicare. Higher MMI was associated with a significantly larger proportion of providers accepting new Medicaid patients (R2 = 0.43, p < 0.01). Moreover, MMI varied inversely with the number of Medicaid beneficiaries (R2 = 0.12, p = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS:
Medicaid reimbursement varies drastically between states reflecting the disparate methods of fee calculation. Lower reimbursement is associated with more limited provider enrollment, especially in states with a greater number of beneficiaries. While more limited access to Medicaid-accepting neurosurgeons may contribute to poorer outcomes, this is an issue that warrants further exploration.