bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of cardiac biomarkers, electrocardiogram changes and echocardiography findings before and after exercise in paediatric athletes
Authors: ÖZDEMİR DİLEK Semine , ERDEM Sevcan , K:URDAK Sanlı Sadi , ÖZBARLAS Nazan 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the structural and electrical changes in the heart associated with exercise in young athletes under 18 years of age and to examine the relationship between these changes and biochemical markers.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 32 male paediatric athletes (five rowers, five kayakers and 22 footballers) were prospectively evaluated. Dynamic exercise training for 75 minutes was applied to all athletes. An echocardiographic evaluation was performed on the athletes at rest. An electrocardiogram (ECG) was taken before and after the exercise. Blood samples were taken from all athletes before the exercise, during the first hour of exercise and after the fourth hour of the training session to analyse the serum levels of creatine kinase myocardial band, troponin T(cTnT) and pro-brain natriuretic peptide.
Results: The mean age of all athletes was 15.3±0.9 years. In the echocardiography examination, end-diastolic thickness, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, posterior wall end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, left ventricular mass measurements (LVM) and left ventricular mass indices (LVMI) were higher among the rowers than in the remaining groups. In the post-exercise ECG, T-wave peaks were observed in 16 individuals, including all rowers, all kayakers, and six footballers. The cTnT values in the first hour and after the fourth were 0.31–0.71 ng/ml in football players, 0.10–0.27 ng/ml in rowers, and 0.04–0.15 ng/ml kayakers. An increase in cTnT levels was detected after the fourth hour of exercise in all groups. There was a correlation between T-wave peaks in the ECG taken after exercise and age, cTnT serum level and increased LVM.
Conclusion: In this study, we found T-wave peaks in half of the athletes after exercise. The serum cTnT levels of young athletes may be elevated by exercise and that LVM and LVMI may be higher in athletes. Echocardiography and ECG evaluations should be performed in paediatric athletes.
Evaluation of clinical and pathological responses of HER-2 positive locally advanced breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant therapy and surgery
Authors: BAYRAM Ertuğrul , METE Burak , KAHRAMANOĞLU Pakize İrem , MELEKOĞLU Ebru , TURKER Mehmet , KARA İ. Oğuz 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and toxicity of neoadjuvant dual Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) blockade combined with chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer.
Materials and Methods: Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who received trastuzumab (T)+ pertuzumab (P) with weekly neoadjuvant paclitaxel or docetaxel were included in the study. Patients’ age, clinical stage, histological reports, ki-67 index, toxicity profiles, and the state of the pathological and radiological response following neoadjuvant therapy were evaluated.
Results: All 40 patients were women (mean age 50.9) and the overall rate of pathological complete responses was 62.5% (25/40). The rates of non-responsive patients and grade 2 neuropathy were statistically significantly higher in the group receiving P+T+Weekly Paclitaxel. When SUV values were analyzed based on hormone positivity, it was found that they decreased dramatically in both groups and were statistically significant. The logistic regression analysis developed to predict the precise response status to therapy was found to be significant.
Conclusion: When comparing the agents used in dual HER-2 targeted therapies, patient response rates and toxicity profiles may differ. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and molecular subtype were found to be significant variables in the developed logistic regression model.
The factors affecting survival in patients followed up with the diagnosis of lymphoma in the intensive care unit
Authors: AYDIN Kaniye , DOĞAN Ömer 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This retrospective analysis aimed to elucidate the key factors influencing survival outcomes in patients diagnosed with lymphoma and admitted to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Materials and Methods: The study cohort comprised individuals aged 18 or older diagnosed with lymphoma and admitted to the ICU between November 2015 and February 2023. Data were collected on patients' demographic characteristics, primary hematological diagnoses, reasons for ICU admission, laboratory parameters, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, clinical trajectory, and 28-day mortality rates. Patients were stratified into two categories based on their mortality outcomes: Survivors and non-survivors.
Results: A total of 165 patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 52.41 ± 17.99 years; 63% were male. Table 1 summarizes the demographic characteristics, clinical trajectories, and 28-day mortality rates. The APACHE II and SOFA scores of the patients were 34 (7–53) and 12 (10–14), respectively. The predominant reasons for ICU admission were sepsis (58.2%) and acute respiratory failure (57.6%). Vasopressor necessity prior to and during ICU stay was 23.6% and 92.4%, respectively. During ICU monitoring, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury (AKI) were observed in 77.6% and 66.4% of patients, respectively; 10% required renal replacement therapy. The 28-day mortality rate was 84.8%. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with a SOFA score ≥ 9 had a significantly reduced survival time of 4.5 ± 0.4 days compared to those with lower SOFA scores (14.3 ± 2.6 days). Patients with AKI and those requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) exhibited reduced survival times of 4.7 ± 0.5 days and 5.6 ± 0.5 days, respectively. Elevated SOFA scores (HR 2.355, 95% CI 1.485–3.734), presence of AKI (HR 1.511, 95% CI 1.055–2.163), and the need for IMV (HR 5.721, 95% CI 1.377–23.770) were significantly correlated with increased 28-day mortality. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis identified the optimal SOFA cut-off point for predicting 28-day mortality as nine, with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.897, sensitivity 83.6% and specificity 92%.
Conclusions: The findings of this study underscore the elevated mortality rates among lymphoma patients admitted to the ICU. Our data suggest that several factors serve as significant predictors of 28-day mortality in this patient population. Specifically, elevated APACHE II scores, SOFA scores, the presence of AKI, and the requirement for IMV emerged as crucial indicators associated with adverse survival outcomes. Consequently, these factors warrant meticulous monitoring and could inform targeted interventions to improve survival rates among lymphoma patients in critical care settings.
Is the Rothbardian Theory of Punishment Retributive?
Authors: Dominiak Łukasz 
Published: September 2023

Murray Rothbard claims that it is “evident that our theory of proportional punishment—that people may be punished by losing their rights to the extent that they have invaded the rights of others—is frankly a retributive theory of punishment, a ‘tooth (or two teeth) for a tooth’ theory.” The present paper argues that it is not. The role that Rothbard assigns for victims in determining punishment justifies classifying his theory of punishment as corrective rather than retributive, for vesting victims with rights over punishment defeats the retributive justice requirement that criminals are punished solely because they deserve it and in accordance with their respective deserts. Instead of giving offenders what they objectively deserve, the Rothbardian theory of punishment allows victims to seek compensation in various forms, including revenge.
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Pegagan pada Aplikasi Jenis Pupuk Organik
Authors: Firgiyanto Refa , Elfina Vera , Kusparwanti Tri Rini , Dinata Gallyndra Fatkhu , Rohman Fadil , Pertami Rindha Rentina Darah 
Published: September 2023

Gotu kola is one of the medicinal plants that is widely used because of its various nutritional content. In general, the cultivation only uses inorganic fertilizers, which have long-term effects that are not good for the environment. The use of organic fertilizers is an effort to produce high-standard products. Rabbit urine liquid organic fertilizer and goat manure are alternative types of fertilizer that can be given. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the response of giving liquid organic fertilizer of rabbit urine and goat manure and their interaction with the growth and yield. The study used a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor was rabbit urine liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) with a concentration of 0, 2, and 4%. The second factor was goat manure with doses of 0, 37, and 75 g/polybag. The results showed that applying rabbit urine (LOF) and goat manure increased the growth and yield of gotu kola. Application of 2% rabbit urine LOF significantly increased stalk length compared to controls. Gotu kola plants given 37 g/polybag of goat manure produced stolons that were significantly longer than those treated with goat manure 75 g/polybag and had significantly heavier roots than other treatments. The interaction of rabbit urine LOF and goat manure application had no significant effect on all observed variables.

Keywords: goat manure, gotu kola, liquid organic fertilizer, rabbit urine
Penilaian dan Pemetaan Status Keberlanjutan Kota di Provinsi Banten
Authors: Istiqomah Asti , Yolamalinda Yolamalinda , Widyawati Laili Fuji 
Published: September 2023

The world population is proliferating, and the proportion of people living in urban areas is also increasing. It is challenging to achieve the SDGs, especially SDG 11, which aims to make cities and communities more inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. Meeting the needs of urban residents, such as housing, public infrastructure, a clean environment, security, jobs, and other basic needs to live comfortably in a city with limited resources, is a problem. Sustainable cities are becoming increasingly important today to facilitate the growth of sustainable cities that integrate economic, sociocultural, environmental, ICT/transverse, and urban dimensions. Effective evaluation of urban sustainability is essential for sustainable development. Banten Province is one of the regions that has committed to achieving the SDGs. This commitment is contained in Banten Governor Regulation Number 47 of 2019 concerning the Regional Action Plan for the Sustainable Development Goals of Banten Province for 2020‒2022. Therefore, this study aims to assess and map the sustainability status of cities in Banten Province using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) analysis and processed with PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization METHods for Enrichment Evaluation). The number of criteria for a sustainable city in 2012 was 82 criteria and 109 criteria in 2022, where the highest number of criteria is on the sociocultural and economic dimensions. The PROMETHEE results show that the cities in Banten Province with the best sustainability levels are Tangerang City and South Tangerang City. City governments with low sustainability status or experiencing a decrease in sustainability status need to improve the performance of sustainable city indicators so that development can be sustainable.

Keywords: ecology, economics, evaluation, preference ranking organization methods for enrichment evaluation, social
Pre-weaning socialisation with non-littermates in piglets: reduced weaning stress when regrouped with unfamiliar piglets post-weaning?
Authors: Du Dongyue , Toribio Jenny-Ann 
Published: September 2023

PICO question
In piglets in indoor housing systems does pre-weaning socialisation with non-littermates compared to no pre-weaning socialisation with non-littermates result in lower weaning stress when regrouped with unfamiliar piglets post-weaning?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research question
Treatment.

The number and type of study designs reviewed
Nine papers were critically reviewed. All of them were controlled trials, of which two were randomised control trials.

Strength of evidence
Moderate.

Outcomes reported
In terms of behavioural indicators of weaning stress, piglets socialised with non-littermates during lactation showed less aggressive behaviours (in the six papers that investigated aggression) and fewer skin lesions (in the six out of seven papers that investigated skin lesions) than non-socialised piglets when regrouped with unfamiliar piglets post-weaning. One of two papers showed that the cortisol level of socialised piglets had a smaller increase from pre-weaning to post-weaning level than non-socialised piglets. Four out of five papers that investigated average daily weight gain (ADG) found that the difference between socialised and non-socialised piglets in ADG was insignificant.

Conclusion
Based on behavioural indicators, there was strong evidence suggesting that pre-weaning socialisation with non-littermates could reduce aggression and skin lesions when regrouped with unfamiliar piglets post-weaning. However, due to the weak evidence for the physiological indicator and growth performance, the effect of pre-weaning socialisation on weaning stress was inconclusive.

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Plan de negocios para la creación de una empresa de base tecnológica que apoya la rehabilitación física del cuerpo humano
Authors: Callejas Cuervo Beatriz , Wiest Goyeneche Ivan Alberto , Callejas Cuervo Mauro 
Published: September 2023

Al interior delos grupos
de investigación, se generan
innovaciones que ofrecen beneficios a determinada
población, pero no siempre son asequibles por ésta; denotando falta de estrategias de comercialización, quedándose sólo en ejercicios académicos. Esta investigación tuvo como propósito el desarrollo de un plan de negocios
para crear una empresa de base tecnológica para la producción y comercialización de un dispositivo biomédico de apoyo a la rehabilitación física.
La metodología incluyó
8 fases, basadas en aspectos fundamentales como, la descripción general de la naturaleza del negocio, el análisis del sector y la industria en donde se ubicaría
la empresa. Igualmente, se conoció en detalle
el entorno en el cual se desarrollarán las actividades, precisando las oportunidades y amenazas; las fortalezas y debilidades que podría tener la empresa.
Se realizó la investigación de mercado identificando claramente el nicho de clientes (profesionales en medicina física y rehabilitación), determinando así la viabilidad comercial, se realizó
el plan de mercadeo y las proyecciones de ventas del dispositivo. Se elaboró un estudio técnico con el fin de identificar los recursos
necesarios (humanos, :físicos, tecnológicos, entre otros).
Igualmente, se establecieron los aspectos administrativos
necesarios para una buena gestión
dentro de la organización, y se determinó el régimen legal y fiscal
más adecuado para la constitución de la empresa, denominada "DEV2LIFE. Se desarrolló el análisis :financiero y de riesgo, el cual estableció la viabilidad :financiera. Finalmente, se elabora un
estudio adicional, el cual abarca
el enfoque hacia la sostenibilidad de la organización.
Impact of Varying Chest Wall Target Volume Delineation on Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy Outcomes in Breast Cancer Patients with Implant-Based Reconstruction
Authors: Hou Pei-Yu , Hsieh Chen-Hsi , Hsu Chen-Xiong , Kuo Deng-Yu , Lu Yueh-Feng , Shueng Pei-Wei 
Published: September 2023

Background: The target volume for post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) in breast cancer patients with reconstruction has been a subject of debate. This study aimed to assess the radiation dose distribution and treatment outcomes associated with different chest wall (CW) delineation according to ESTRO ACROP guideline for patients underwent implant-based reconstruction.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy followed by two-stage implant-based breast reconstruction and adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) between 2007 and 2022. The expanders/implants were positioned retropectorally. The chest wall target volumes were categorized into two groups: the prepectoral group, which excluded the deep lymphatic plexus, and the whole expander group.
Results: The study included 26 patients, 15 in prepectoral group and 11 in whole expander group. No significant differences were observed in normal organs exposure between the two groups. There was a trend toward a lower ipsilateral lung mean dose in the prepectoral group (10.2 vs. 11.1 Gy, p=0.06). Both groups exhibited limited instances of reconstruction failure and local recurrence.
Conclusions: For patients undergoing two-stage expander-implant retropectoral breast reconstruction and PMRT, our data have provided comparable outcomes and normal organs exposure for those omitting the deep lymphatic plexus.
Prognostic and Immunological Significance of Immune Infiltration-Related Gene Signature in Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Ya , Zhang Xintan , Li Tingxuan , Zhang Yue , Zuo Xiaoxiao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Two datasets were employed in the study: a training dataset comprising 375 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and a validation dataset consisting of 300 samples sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The study employed single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to categorize patients into high and low immune cell infiltration groups based on immune scores derived from the ESTIMATE algorithm. The study identified overlapping genes that exhibited differential expression between tumor and normal samples, as well as between a high immune cell infiltration group (Immunity-H) and a low immune cell infiltration group (Immunity-L). These genes, referred to as differentially expressed immune infiltrated genes (DEIIGs), were selected and utilized to create a prognostic signature for DEIIGs. The developed signature was subsequently validated using the provided validation dataset. The research identified a prognostic signature consisting of nine differentially expressed immune infiltrated genes (DEIIGs): LINC00843, ADH4, ANGPT2, APOA1, ASLC2, GFRA1, KIAA1549L, MTTP, and PROC. The study found that the presence of B cells, T cells CD4+, neutrophils, macrophages, and myeloid dendritic cells positively correlated with the prognosis of STAD (stomach adenocarcinoma). Conversely, CD8+ exhibited a negative correlation with the prognosis of STAD. By performing immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, we observed that ADH4 expression was lower and ANGPT2 expression was higher in STAD tissues compared to normal tissues. In conclusion, this study provides a potential prognostic tool for predicting the survival of STAD patients based on the expression of immune-related genes.
The therapeutically actionable long non-coding RNA ‘T-RECS’ is essential to cell survival in NRAS/MAPK-driven melanoma
Authors: Feichtenschlager Valentin , Chen Linan , Zheng Yixuan James , Ho Wilson , Sanlorenzo Martina , Vujic Igor , Fewings Eleanor , Lee Albert , Chen Christopher , Callanan Ciara , Lin Kevin , Qu Tiange , Hohlova Dasha , Vujic Marin , Hwang Yeonjoo , Lai Kevin , Chen Stephanie , Nguyen Thuan , Muñoz Denise P , Kohwi Yoshinori , Posch Christian , Daud Adil , Rappersberger Klemens , Kohwi-Shigematsu Terumi , Coppé Jean-Philippe , Ortiz-Urda Susana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Finding effective therapeutic targets to treat NRAS-mutated melanoma remains a challenge. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) recently emerged as essential regulators of tumorigenesis. Using a discovery approach combining experimental models and unbiased computational analysis complemented by validation in patient biospecimens, we identified a nuclear-enriched lncRNA (AC004540.4) that is upregulated in NRAS/MAPK-dependent melanoma, and that we named T-RECS. Considering potential innovative treatment strategies, we designed antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to target T-RECS. T-RECSASOs reduced the growth of melanoma cells and induced apoptotic cell death, while having minimal impacton normal primary melanocytes. Mechanistically, treatment with T-RECS ASOs downregulated the activity of pro-survival kinases and reduced the protein stability of hnRNPA2/B1, a pro-oncogenic regulator of MAPK signaling. Using patient- and cell line- derived tumor xenograft mouse models, we demonstrated that systemic treatment with T-RECS ASOs significantly suppressed the growth of melanoma tumors, with no noticeable toxicity. ASO-mediated T-RECS inhibition represents a promising RNA-targeting approach to improve the outcome of MAPK pathway-mutated melanoma.
Effect of dietary tryptophan supplementation on serum biochemical indices, antioxidant capacities, cytokine levels and mitochondrial function of broilers under chronic heat stress
Authors: Ouyang Jingxin , Li Qiufen , Zhou Hua , Li Guiyao , Wu Yajing , Yang Lei , Li Guanhong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary tryptophan (Trp) supplementation on serum biochemical indices, antioxidant indices, cytokine levels and mitochondrial function of heat-stressed broilers. A total of 180 Arbor Acres broilers (18-d-old) were randomly allocated into 3 groups with 6 replicates and 10 broilers per replicates. Broilers in thermoneutral (TN) (23 ± 1℃) group were fed a basal diet, the other two groups were fed the basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 0.18%Trp under heat stress (HS) (34 ± 1℃ for 8 h/d and 23 ± 1℃ for the remaining time) condition. The heat stress lasted for 21 days (days 21 to 42). The results indicted that chronic heat stress reduced serum total protein content (TP), decreased the activities of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), but increased the levels of serum uric acid (UA), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18 (P < 0.05) compared with the TN group. However, dietary supplementation with 0.18%Trp enhanced serum TP content and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), SOD, catalase (CAT) activities and T-AOC, and decreased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities (P < 0.05), lowered serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 contents (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, chronic heat stress exposure down-regulated the mRNA expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A (COX5A) in ileum (P < 0.05) as compared with the TN group. Dietary Trp supplementation enhanced the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the mRNA expression of TFAM, COX1 in ileum mucosa (P < 0.05) and ameliorated the damage of mitochondrial structure. Collectively, dietary supplementation with Trp could improve antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial structure and regulate mitochondrial function-related genes, decreased inflammatory response in chronic heat-stressed broilers.