bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Spatial Interpolation on a Novel, Dual-Doppler 3D Wind Retrieval Technique
Authors: Brook Jordan P. , Protat Alain , Potvin Corey K. , Soderholm Joshua S. , McGowan Hamish 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Three-dimensional wind retrievals from ground-based Doppler radars have played an important role in meteorological research and nowcasting over the past four decades. However, in recent years, the proliferation of open-source software and increased demands from applications such as convective parameterizations in numerical weather prediction models has led to a renewed interest in these analyses. In this study, we analyze how a major, yet often-overlooked, error source effects the quality of retrieved 3D wind fields. Namely, we investigate the effects of spatial interpolation, and show how the common practice of pregridding radial velocity data can degrade the accuracy of the results. Alternatively, we show that assimilating radar data directly at their observation locations improves the retrieval of important dynamic features such as the rear flank downdraft and mesocyclone within supercells, while also reducing errors in vertical vorticity, horizontal divergence, and all three velocity components.

Significance Statement
We can attempt to estimate the wind speed and direction within a weather system when two weather radars measure it simultaneously. However, radars do not scan the whole atmosphere at once—instead, they measure along many cross sections, each at different heights. We show that a method commonly used to stitch the observations together degrades the accuracy of the winds. Additionally, we describe a way to feed the data directly into the analysis without stitching it together first, and show that this improves the wind retrievals considerably. We hope these improvements will help researchers better understand how various weather systems work, and help forecasters warn for dangerous weather such as tornadoes.
Complications after endovascular treatment of large basilar trunk aneurysms
Authors: Wu Qiaowei , Ai Changsi , Bi Yuange , Yao Jinbiao , Sun Qi , Xu Shancai , Zhang Bohan , Wu Pei , Kui Yongjian , Shi Huaizhang , Wang Yuehua 
Published: August 2023

Background and Purpose Large basilar trunk aneurysms (BTAs) have a poor natural history if left untreated and always pose a significant challenge to endovascular treatment. The present study aimed to analyze the complications after endovascular treatment of large BTAs. Methods This was a retrospective, observational, cohort study. Between January 2015 and September 2022, 9116 patients with intracranial aneurysms came to our institution for management, of which 34 patients with 34 large (≥10 mm) BTAs were treated with endovascular treatment. Postprocedural complications, clinical, and angiographic outcomes were evaluated. Results All 34 patients (34 aneurysms) were successfully treated, of which 13 aneurysms were treated with flow diversion (FD), and 21 aneurysms were treated with stent-assisted coiling. Neurological complications occurred in 12 (35.3%) patients, with 7 (20.6%) deaths. Ischemic complications occurred in 10 (29.4%) patients, and 4 (11.8%) patients experienced hemorrhagic events. The incidences of favorable outcomes at discharge and last follow-up were 85.3% and 75.8%, respectively. The cumulative survival rates at 1 and 3 years were 86.5% and 71.4%, respectively. Unilateral vertebral artery sacrifice was associated with postprocedural complications (hazard ratio: 3.74, 95% confidence interval: 1.06–13.25, p = 0.041). The postprocedural complication rates were comparable between patients treated with FD and stent-assisted coiling (5/13, 38.5% vs. 7/21, 33.3%, p > 0.99). Angiography follow-up was available for 21 patients, and complete aneurysm occlusion was observed in 16/21 (76.2%) aneurysms. Conclusions Endovascular treatment might be a feasible option for treating large BTAs. However, clinicians should be alerted to procedure-related complications, especially ischemic complications that cause disability or death. Unilateral vertebral artery sacrifice might be associated with postprocedural complications.
Comparison of thromboembolism outcomes in patients with sickle cell disease prescribed hormonal contraception
Authors: Bala Natasha S. , Stanek Joseph R. , Vesely Sara K. , Cronin Robert M. , Creary Susan E. , Roe Andrea H. , Xu Wendy , O’Brien Sarah H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at a risk of thromboembolism (TE), and use of hormonal contraception can further increase that risk. This study aims to assess patterns of hormonal contraceptive use and compare risk of contraception-related TE between combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) and progestin-only contraceptives (POCs). Patients with SCD aged between 12 and 44 years with a new prescription of a hormonal contraceptive in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Medicaid Analytic eXtract database (2006-2018) were followed up to 1 year. We identified 7173 new users: 44.6% initiated CHC and 55.4% initiated POC. Combined oral contraceptive pills (OCPs; 36.5%) and progestin-only depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (33.9%) were the most frequently prescribed agents. A total of 1.8% of contraception users had a new diagnosis of TE within 1 year of the first identified contraception prescription. There were no significant differences in TE event rates between CHC and POC users (17.2 and 24.7 events per 1000 person-years, respectively). In patients prescribed OCP, there were no differences in TE event rates based on estrogen dose or progestin generation. Transdermal patch had a 2.4-fold increased risk of TE as compared with that of OCP. Although limited by the retrospective study design and use of administrative claims data, this study found no significant differences in TE rates between new users of CHC and POC in patients with SCD. Careful evaluation of underlying TE risk factors should be considered for each patient with SCD before initiation of hormonal contraception.
Use of maximal dosage renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in a real life population of complicated type 2 diabetes – contraindications and opportunities
Authors: Gant C. M. , Oosterwijk M. M. , Binnenmars S. H. , Navis G. J. , Haverkate H. , Bakker S. J. L. , Laverman G. D. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
Pharmacological inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAASi) is the cornerstone of hypertension treatment, renoprotection and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Although there is a dose-dependent effect of RAASi with optimum protection when using maximal dose, little is known on actual use of maximal dosage RAASi in clinical practice. Here we investigate prevalence of maximal dosage RAASi, and contraindications for, optimizing RAASi dosage, in patients with complicated type 2 diabetes in a real-life clinical setting.

Research design and methods
We performed a retrospective analysis in 668 patients included in the DIAbetes and LifEstyle Cohort Twente (DIALECT). We grouped patients according to no RAASi, submaximal RAASi and maximal RAASi use. All potassium and creatinine measurements between January 1st 2000 and date of inclusion in DIALECT were extracted from patients files. We identified determinants of maximal RAASi use vs. submaximal RAASi use with multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results
Mean age was 64 ± 10 years and 61% were men. In total, 460 patients (69%) used RAASi, and 30% used maximal RAASi. Maximal RAASi use was not statistically different between different indications for RAASi (i.e. hypertension, diabetic kidney disease, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease; P > 0.05). Per patient, 2 [1-4] measurements of potassium and 20 [13–31] measurements of creatinine were retrieved, retrospective follow-up time was − 3.0 [-1.4 to -5.7] years. Pre-baseline hyperkalemia > 5.0 mmol/l and acute kidney injury were found in 151 (23%) patients and 119 patients (18%), respectively. Determinants of maximal RAASi were prior acute kidney injury (OR 0.51 (0.30–0.87)), increased albuminuria (OR 1.89 (1.17–3.08)) and total number of used antihypertensives (OR 1.66 (1.33–2.06)).

Conclusions
Maximal dose RAASi is used in almost one third of complicated type 2 diabetes patients in a real-life setting. The prevalence of contraindications is considerable, but relative in nature, suggesting that it is worthwhile to explore strategies aimed at maximizing RAASi while circumventing the alleged contraindications.
Explantation of a sutureless scleral fixated Carlevale intraocular lens due to calcification: a clinical and laboratory report
Authors: Gartaganis Panos S. , Natsi Panagiota D. , Gartaganis Sotirios P. , Koutsoukos Petros G. , Manousakis Evangelos , Karmiris Efthymios 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Hydrophilic intraocular lens opacification is a rare complication due to calcification. With current new surgical techniques, including lamellar endothelial keratoplasty and vitrectomies, this irreversible complication is becoming more common. In this case study, we present clinical and laboratory features of a case of Carlevale hydrophilic acrylic IOL calcification.

Case presentation
Observational case report of a single incident case. An 83-year-old man was referred to our ophthalmic department complaining of right eye vision blurring for six months. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed IOL opacification. Deposits of calcium phosphate were found both on the IOL’s surface and inside it, according to thorough investigation using optical, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case to describe the laboratory evidence of Carlevale hydrophilic IOL calcification, suggesting possible explanation mechanisms based on underlying pathology and surgical technique. It reminds us that these findings suggest that physicians should be aware of possible hydrophilic IOL calcification.
Prevalence and determinants of school bullying in Qatar: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kamal Madeeha , Ali Samer , Mohamed Kholoud , Kareem Aamir , Kirdi Suzan M. , Hani Mai , Hassan Manasik , Al-Shibli Schahla , Chandra Prem 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
School bullying is a wide-spread phenomenon that manifests in various forms. It has both short-term and long-term devastating consequences on physical, mental and social wellbeing. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, including Qatar, has a relatively high prevalence of school bullying. This research aims at identifying the prevalence of bullying, particularly unsafe environments were bullying takes place, and its attributes at schools in Qatar.

Methods
In a cross-sectional study, 980 students from 10 schools in Qatar completed an anonymous self-completion standardized questionnaire to assess the different aspects of bullying from school students’ point of view.

Results
The prevalence of bullying victimization and perpetration was found to be 41.0% and 31.7% among school students in Qatar, respectively. Classroom (67.5%) and hallways (64.8%) were the most frequently indicated environments of bullying whereas library was the least indicated one (28.3%). Verbal bullying was the most used type of bullying by students. Overall, students in Qatar believe that bullying is considerably a significant issue at their schools, yet schools are safe place for them to be in. Gender, age, ethnicity, school grade and years living in Qatar showed significant differences among the students.

Conclusion
School bullying is a serious, yet a manageable global problem. Our findings re-demonstrated the alarming high prevalence of school bullying in Qatar, highlighted student related and school related factors which have implications for future multidimensional action and research and recommended measures to foster safety at school.
From an interventional study to a national scale-up: lessons learned from the Malakit strategy at the French Guiana–Suriname border
Authors: Douine Maylis , Cairo Hedley , Galindo Muriel Suzanne , Vreden Stephen , Lambert Yann , Adenis Antoine , Jimeno Irene , Suarez-Mutis Martha , Sanna Alice , Hiwat Hélène 
Published: August 2023

AbstractScaling-up an experimental intervention is always a challenge. On the border between French Guiana, Brazil and Suriname, an interventional study demonstrated the effectiveness of distributing self-diagnosis and self-treatment kits (Malakits) to control malaria in mobile and hard-to-reach populations. Its integration into the Suriname’s National Malaria Elimination Plan after a 2-year experiment faced numerous challenges, including human resources to cope with the additional workload of coordinators and to maintain the motivation of community health workers. The economic recession in Suriname, the Covid pandemic, and logistical issues also hampered the scale-up. Finally, thanks to the commitment of stakeholders in Suriname and French Guiana, the integration of Malakit distribution into the Surinamese national programme was proved possible.
An answered call for aid? Cannabinoid clinical framework for the opioid epidemic
Authors: Hammaker Krista , Weathington Nathaniel , Maroon Joseph , Tang Lawton W. , Donohue Brian , Yehuda Rachel , Ford Kenneth M. , Figura Myro , Kelmendi Ben , Tan Belinda , Cook Matthew W. , Factor Steven D. , Lagano Laura , Driscoll Henry Patrick , Howe Adam S. , Cho EunBit G. , Rabin David M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The opioid crisis continues in full force, as physicians and caregivers are desperate for resources to help patients with opioid use and chronic pain disorders find safer and more accessible non-opioid tools.

Main body
The purpose of this article is to review the current state of the opioid epidemic; the shifting picture of cannabinoids; and the research, policy, and current events that make opioid risk reduction an urgent public health challenge. The provided table contains an evidence-based clinical framework for the utilization of cannabinoids to treat patients with chronic pain who are dependent on opioids, seeking alternatives to opioids, and tapering opioids.

Conclusion
Based on a comprehensive review of the literature and epidemiological evidence to date, cannabinoids stand to be one of the most interesting, safe, and accessible tools available to attenuate the devastation resulting from the misuse and abuse of opioid narcotics. Considering the urgency of the opioid epidemic and broadening of cannabinoid accessibility amidst absent prescribing guidelines, the authors recommend use of this clinical framework in the contexts of both clinical research continuity and patient care.
Characterizing worker compensation claims in long-term care and examining the association between facility characteristics and severe injury: a repeated cross-sectional study from Alberta, Canada
Authors: Chamberlain Stephanie A. , Fu Fangfang , Akinlawon Oludotun , Estabrooks Carole A. , Gruneir Andrea 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite the physical demands and risks inherent to working in long-term care (LTC), little is known about workplace injuries and worker compensation claims in this setting. The purpose of this study was to characterize workplace injuries in LTC and to estimate the association between worker and organizational factors on severe injury.

Methods
We used a repeated cross-sectional design to examine worker compensation claims between September 1, 2014 and September 30, 2018 from 25 LTC homes. Worker compensation claim data came from The Workers Compensation Board of Alberta. LTC facility data came from the Translating Research in Elder Care program. We used descriptive statistics to characterize the sample and multivariable logistic regression to estimate the association between staff, organizational, and resident characteristics and severe injury, measured as 31+ days of disability.

Results
We examined 3337 compensation claims from 25 LTC facilities. Less than 10% of claims (5.1%, n = 170) resulted in severe injury and most claims did not result in any days of disability (70.9%, n = 2367). Most of the sample were women and over 40 years of age. Care aides were the largest occupational group (62.1%, n = 2072). The highest proportion of claims were made from staff working in voluntary not for profit facilities (41.9%, n = 1398) followed by public not for profit (32.9%, n = 1098), and private for profit (n = 25.2%, n = 841). Most claims identified the nature of injury as traumatic injuries to muscles, tendons, ligaments, or joints. In the multivariable logistic regression, higher staff age (50–59, aOR: 2.26, 95% CI 1.06–4.83; 60+, aOR: 2.70, 95% CI 1.20–6.08) was associated with more severe injury, controlling for resident acuity and other organizational staffing factors.

Conclusions
Most claims were made by care aides and were due to musculoskeletal injuries. In LTC, few worker compensation claims were due to severe injury. More research is needed to delve into the specific features of the LTC setting that are related to worker injury.
Implementing traumatic brain injury screening in behavioral health treatment settings: results of an explanatory sequential mixed-methods investigation
Authors: Hyzak Kathryn A. , Bunger Alicia C. , Bogner Jennifer , Davis Alan K. , Corrigan John D. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex condition common among individuals treated in behavioral healthcare, but TBI screening has not been adopted in these settings which can affect optimal clinical decision-making. Integrating evidence-based practices that address complex health comorbidities into behavioral healthcare settings remains understudied in implementation science, limited by few studies using theory-driven hypotheses to disentangle relationships between proximal and medial indicators on distal implementation outcomes. Grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior, we examined providers’ attitudes, perceived behavioral control (PBC), subjective norms, and intentions to adopt The Ohio State University TBI Identification Method (OSU TBI-ID) in behavioral healthcare settings.

Methods
We used an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. In Phase I, 215 providers from 25 organizations in the USA completed training introducing the OSU TBI-ID, followed by a survey assessing attitudes, PBC, norms, and intentions to screen for TBI. After 1 month, providers completed another survey assessing the number of TBI screens conducted. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with logistic regressions. In Phase II, 20 providers were purposively selected for semi-structured interviews to expand on SEM results. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, integrated with quantitative results, and combined into joint displays.

Results
Only 25% (55/215) of providers adopted TBI screening, which was driven by motivations to trial the intervention. Providers who reported more favorable attitudes (OR: 0.67, p < .001) and greater subjective norms (OR: 0.12, p < .001) toward TBI screening demonstrated increased odds of intention to screen, which resulted in greater TBI screening adoption (OR: 0.30; p < .01). PBC did not affect intentions or adoption. Providers explained that although TBI screening can improve diagnostic and clinical decision-making, they discussed that additional training, leadership engagement, and state-level mandates are needed to increase the widespread, systematic uptake of TBI screening.

Conclusions
This study advances implementation science by using theory-driven hypothesis testing to disentangle proximal and medial indicators at the provider level on TBI screening adoption. Our mixed-methods approach added in-depth contextualization and illuminated additional multilevel determinants affecting intervention adoption, which guides a more precise selection of implementation strategies.
Falls and falls‐related injuries in individuals with chronic ankle symptoms: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Al Mahrouqi Munira M. , Vicenzino Bill , MacDonald David A. , Smith Michelle D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundFalls are a major public health concern globally. While falls are associated with osteoarthritis and persistent pain at the hip and knee, falls have not been investigated in people with chronic ankle symptoms. This study aimed to compare self‐reported history of falls between adults with and without chronic ankle symptoms. Secondary aims were to compare concern about falling and balance confidence between groups, and to identify factors associated with falling.MethodsA total of 226 participants (134 with chronic ankle pain and/or stiffness and 92 controls) participated in this cross‐sectional case–control study. Participants completed an online questionnaire about falls in the past 12 months, injuries associated with falling, concern about falling, balance confidence, function, pain and multimorbidity.ResultsEighty‐six (64%) participants with chronic ankle symptoms and 24 (26%) controls reported at least one fall in the last 12 months (p < 0.001). Participants with chronic ankle symptoms reported more falls, more injurious falls, and more hospitalisations because of a fall than controls (p > 0.002). There was a small effect for lower balance confidence and higher concern about falling in symptomatic participants (standardised mean difference: 0.39–0.49; p > 0.017). Logistic regression analysis identified that falling was associated with the presence of ankle symptoms (3.08 (1.20, 7.92); p = 0.02) and concern about falling (odds ratio (95% confidence intervals): 1.13 (1.05, 1.23); p = 0.002).ConclusionsFalls and falls‐related injuries are a problem in individuals with chronic ankle symptoms. The high falls occurrence and concern about falling in individuals with chronic ankle symptoms suggest the need for clinicians to assess these factors in this population.
Some spectral domain in approximate point-spectrum-preserving maps on $\mathcal {B}(\mathcal {X})$
Authors: Wang Ying 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLet $\mathcal {X}$
X
be an infinite-dimensional complex Banach space, $\mathcal {B}(\mathcal {X})$
B
(
X
)
the algebra of all bounded linear operators on $\mathcal {X}$
X
. Denote the spectral domain by $\sigma _{\gamma}(T)=\{\lambda \in \sigma _{a}(T): T { \text{ that is semi-Fredholm and }} asc(T-\lambda I)<\infty \}$

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=
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∈

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(
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:
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that is semi-Fredholm and
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s
c
(
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−
λ
I
)
<
∞
}
. In this paper, we characterize the structure of additive surjective maps $\varphi : \mathcal {B}(\mathcal {X})\rightarrow \mathcal {B}(\mathcal {X})$
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:
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(
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)
→
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(
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)
with $\sigma _{\gamma}(\varphi (T))=\sigma _{\gamma}(T)$

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=

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for all $T\in \mathcal{B(X)}$
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.
New product-type oscillation criteria for first-order linear differential equations with several nonmonotone arguments
Authors: Attia Emad R. , El-Morshedy Hassan A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe use an improved technique to establish new sufficient criteria of product type for the oscillation of the delay differential equation $$\begin{aligned} x'(t)+\sum_{l=1}^{m} b_{l}(t)x\bigl(\sigma _{l}(t)\bigr)= 0,\quad t\geq t_{0}, \end{aligned}$$

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=
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,

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≥

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0

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with $b_{l},\sigma _{l}\in C([t_{0},\infty ),[0,\infty ))$

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l

,

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l

∈
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(
[

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)
,
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such that $\sigma _{l}(t)\leq t$

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(
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≤
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and $\lim_{t \rightarrow \infty} \sigma _{l}(t)=\infty $

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, $l=1,2,\ldots,m$
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. The obtained results are applicable for the nonmonotone delay case. Their strength is supported by a detailed practical example.