bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile elements in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Guangdong, China
Authors: Shafiq Muhammad , Bilal Hazrat , Permana Budi , Xu Danhong , Cai Gengzhong , Li Xin , Zeng Mi , Yuan Yumeng , Jiao Xiaoyang , Yao Fen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aim
This study aimed to investigate the high-resolution phenotypic and genotypic characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients to explore the resistance genes and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) involved in horizontal dissemination.

Methods
Between May and September 2021, a total of 216 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were recovered from multiple departments. The identification of strains was performed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and PCR, while antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using the Vitek 2 COMPACT system to determine resistance patterns, while PCR was used to detect different resistance genes and MGEs. In addition, a conjugation assay was performed to investigate the horizontal gene transfer of resistance genes. Selected isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS) using the Illumina MiSeq platform.

Results
A total of 216 out of 409 E. coli isolates recovered from a tertiary hospital were observed to be ESBL-producing, giving a carriage rate of 52.8%, as determined by phenotypic screening. The most frequent sources of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were urine (129/216, 59.72%) and blood (50/216, 23.14%). The most prevalent ESBL genes identified were blaCTX-M (60.18%), blaTEM (40.27%), and blaSHV (18.05%). Three E. coli isolates were found to carry the genes blaNDM, mcr-1, and fosA3 genes. The most prevalent MGEs were IS26 (95.37%), Int (87.03%), and IncFIB (76.85%). WGS analysis of eight MDR E. coli strains revealed that these isolates belonged to eight different sequence types (STs) and serotypes and were found to harbor multiple plasmid replicons and virulence factors.

Conclusion
This study highlights a high incidence of antibiotic resistance genes and MGEs associated with the dissemination of ESBLs and other resistance genes.
Wild Design in China’s Lifestyle Magazines (1978–1992)
Authors: Liu Yaxi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
“Wild design” refers to do-it-yourself (DIY) and makeshift solutions between 1978 and 1992 during the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) early reform period. For self-design and making activities, the lifestyle magazine was a channel to access and circulate self-help manuals and DIY prescriptions. Investigating two lifestyle magazines – Culture and Life (wenhua yu shenghuo) and Beyond Eight Hours (baxiaoshi yiwai), this study examines advice and self-help manuals, and analyses the scope and value of wild design in creating a new perception of modern life. Unveiling the conditions within which people were making, and the processes and ideals of making that were prevalent in the PRC’s early reform period, wild design broke down the binary tensions between the real and ideal, native and foreign, old and new, and the vernacular and the modern. The vernacular modernism demonstrated a desire to extract the maximum value out of objects, a love of the “new,” and suggested a set of pragmatic approaches to obtain that “new.”
Two-dimensional fused targeted ridge regression for health indicator prediction from accelerometer data
Authors: Lettink Annelinde , Chinapaw Mai , van Wieringen Wessel N 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe present the two-dimensional targeted fused ridge estimator of the linear and logistic regression models. The estimator (i) handles both unpenalised and penalised covariates, (ii) accommodates possible relations among the covariates’ coefficients through a fusion penalty, and (iii) incorporates prior information on the regression parameter through a non-zero shrinkage target. In this work, the aforementioned relations are similarities among the covariates’ coefficients due to spatial proximity in a two-dimensional grid. In an extensive re-analysis of an epidemiological and an image analysis study, we illustrate the use of the estimator’s aforementioned features that result in a tangibly interpretable predictor.
Novel treatment of gastric outlet obstruction secondary to incarcerated inguinal hernia: percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube
Authors: Blair Sawyer M , Cournoyer Roger M , Newcomb Melissa R , Owen Joseph W 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A 93-year-old man presented with gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) secondary to a massive left inguinal hernia with incarcerated antrum. He reported a desire to avoid operative intervention, and given his comorbidities, such an operation carried high risk for perioperative complications. As such, we offered percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement, as this would allow intermittent decompression of the stomach to reduce the risk of obstruction and strangulation. He tolerated the procedure well and was discharged after several days of observation. He continues to do well at regular outpatient appointments. Although rare, GOO secondary to an incarcerated inguinal hernia is most likely to occur in a patient such as ours: elderly, comorbid and at high risk for perioperative complications. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case to be treated with a PEG tube, which can be a desirable and effective option in this subset of patients.
Palatable Bugs for the Victorians: Entomophagy, Class and Colonialism in Vincent M. Holt’s Why Not Eat Insects?
Authors: Duché Elodie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Entomologists and proponents of insect food have often seen in Vincent M. Holt’s Why Not Eat Insects? (London: Field & Tuer, 1885) the work of a precursor. Holt’s plea to consume insects in Victorian Britain, as an aid to address food poverty and diversify Western diets, certainly resonates with the environmental and social predicaments of the twenty-first century. However, the text and the context of this publication have not been fully examined. The book has attracted comparatively little attention from historians who are yet to unravel why and how Holt could raise the very question ‘why not?’ This article aims to bridge this gap, with a close reading of the sources and the language deployed by Holt, who heavily relies on European travel writings to make his case. Relocating Why Not Eat Insects? in this context throws into relief how issues of class and colonialism were constitutive of a wider discussion about eating insects in English-speaking prints in the nineteenth century. To explore this, the article also investigates responses from readers in the 1880s and 1890s, through reviews published in the British Isles, Australia, and the United States. Ultimately, examining these aspects alerts us to the dangers of celebrating Holt as a pioneer of insect food and an inspiration for the twenty-first century, for Holt partook in what Lisa Heldke terms ‘cultural food colonialism’, which we are at risk of reproducing when using his text uncritically and without regard to its social and colonial context.
Effective inseparability and some applications in meta-mathematics
Authors: Cheng Yong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Effectively inseparable pairs and their properties play an important role in the meta-mathematics of arithmetic and incompleteness. Different notions are introduced and shown in the literature to be equivalent to effective inseparability. We give a much simpler proof of these equivalences using the strong double recursion theorem. Then we prove some results about the application of effective inseparability in meta-mathematics.
Broad-band X-ray spectral study of nuclear structure in local obscured radio galaxies
Authors: Nakatani Yuya , Ueda Yoshihiro , Ricci Claudio , Inaba Koki , Ogawa Shoji , Setoguchi Kenta , Uematsu Ryosuke , Yamada Satoshi , Yoshitake Tomohiro 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Radio galaxies are a key population to understand the importance of relativistic jets in active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback. We present the results of a systematic, broad-band X-ray spectral analysis of hard X-ray selected radio galaxies to investigate their nuclear structures. In this study, we focus on the seven most radio-loud, X-ray obscured narrow-line radio galaxies in the Swift/BAT 70 month AGN catalogue. The spectra from 0.5 keV up to 66 keV obtained with Suzaku and NuSTAR of six objects are newly analysed here by utilizing the X-ray clumpy torus model (xclumpy), whereas we refer to the literature for the results of Centaurus A. We find that these radio galaxies have similar torus covering fractions compared with radio-quiet AGNs at the same Eddington ratios (−3 &lt; log λEdd &lt; −1). This result implies that (1) the torus structure is not an important factor that determines the presence of jets and (2) AGN jets have physically little effect on the torus.
Dynamics of dust and meteoroids due to electromagnetic transport in the heliosphere
Authors: Reiter Stefanie , Lhotka Christoph 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Observations of dust in the Solar system have indicated the existence of structures at higher ecliptic latitudes, the origin of which is still an ongoing debate. In a previous study, we studied how the interplanetary magnetic field affects the orbital motion of charged dust particles that are moving in co-orbital motion with Jupiter. Our findings revealed that the Lorentz force causes oscillations in orbital inclinations that lead to electromagnetic transport of the dust particles to higher ecliptic latitudes. In this work, using numerical simulations, we investigate how this transportation depends on orbital lifetime, strength of the background magnetic field, planetary mass, and distance from the Sun. In addition, we study the dynamics also outside resonance. We present our findings using the saturation curve, which gives a relation between the maximum amplitude in inclination with respect to the particle size ranging from 1 to 501 $\mu$m. We further study the influence of the solar radiation pressure, the Poynting–Robertson, and the solar wind effects on the shape of the saturation curve and find that a stronger gravitational influence of the planet leads to a steeper curve, decreasing the strength of the electromagnetic transport. The radiative forces lead to a gradual dampening of the latitudinal oscillations of particles inside resonance, while they are unchanged for objects outside of resonance. We argue that the dynamics of dust and meteoroids in the Solar system can only be understood by including space weathering effects.
Exploratory multi-methods evaluation of an online intervention for carers of people with high-grade glioma
Authors: Haydon Helen M , Blackler Alethea , Nowak Anna K , Langbecker Danette , Collier Justin , Halkett Georgia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Inadequate knowledge and skills and a lack of confidence to provide care have been identified as major unmet needs for carers of people with brain cancer. An online intervention was developed to address the unmet needs of carers of people with high-grade glioma.

Methods
Ten carers evaluated the intervention through multiple methods. Acceptability and usability were measured through online data analytics (unique page views, time on page), surveys, and interviews. Questionnaires measured potential impacts on distress (Distress Thermometer), depression, anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), carer competence (Carer Competence Scale), carer preparedness (Caregiving Preparedness Scale), unmet needs (Supportive Care Needs Scale – Brain Tumor Specific for carers), usability and acceptability (USE).

Results
Results suggested the intervention had high levels of usability (usability scales’ means range = 5.1 to 6.7 out of 7) and acceptability (M = 76.3/100). Correlations indicated the potential to impact depression. Qualitative findings highlighted benefits of the intervention as a comprehensive reliable resource that could validate and normalize carer experiences. Interview findings guided further improvements (eg, additional carer videos, content organization).

Conclusions
The study indicated high acceptability and usability of an online intervention for carers of people with high-grade glioma. This exploratory study also provided preliminary indications of a potential to decrease depression. However, a more robust, potentially longitudinal, investigation is needed with a larger and broader sample. Informed by this study, the intervention has been amended and a randomized controlled trial will further evaluate the enhanced intervention.
IQOS Marketing Strategies and Expenditures in the United States From Market Entrance in 2019 to Withdrawal in 2021
Authors: Duan Zongshuan , Levine Hagai , Romm Katelyn F , Bar-Zeev Yael , Abroms Lorien C , Griffith Lynniah , Wang Yan , Khayat Amal , Cui Yuxian , Berg Carla J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
IQOS entered the U.S. market in October 2019, then received the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)’s modified risk tobacco product authorization (MRTPA) allowing use of “reduced exposure” claims in marketing in July 2020. A May 2021 court decision regarding patent infringement required IQOS’ removal from the U.S. market in November 2021.

Aims and Methods
Using 2019–2021 Numerator marketing data, this study characterized ad occurrences and expenditures—including allocation per ad content (headline theme, imagery) and media type and channel—pre- and post-MRTPA; exploratory analyses characterized the post-court to withdrawal period separately.

Results
The study period entailed 685 occurrences and $15 451 870 in expenditures. The proportions of occurrences across the three periods (pre-MRTPA, post-MRTPA, and post-court) were 39.3%, 48.8%, and 12.0%, respectively (p &lt; .001); the proportions of expenditures were 8.6%, 30.0%, and 61.5%. Overall, 73.1% of ad occurrences were via online display; 99.6% of expenditures occurred in print. Per occurrences, prominent pre-MRTPA headline themes included “future” (40.2%), “real tobacco” (38.7%), “get IQOS” (35.3%), and “innovation or technology” (20.1%); post-MRTPA, prominent themes included “not burned or heat control” (32.7%), “reduced exposure” (26.4%), and “distinct from e-cigarettes” (20.7%). Visuals mainly depicted the product alone (pre-MRTPA: 86.6%; post-MRTPA: 76.1%), but increasingly featured women (pre-MRTPA: 8.6%; post-MRTPA: 21.5%). The most prominent media channel theme pre-MRTPA was “technology” (19.7%), but post-MRTPA included “women's fashion” (20.4%) and “entertainment or pop culture/gaming” (19.0%).

Conclusions
IQOS leveraged MRTPA in ads, continued marketing post-court decision, and targeted key consumer groups (ie, women). Marketing surveillance of products granted MRTPA is needed, domestically and in other countries, to assess its use and impact.

Implications
Philip Morris (PM) leveraged IQOS’ MRTPA from the U.S. FDA, and continued marketing IQOS after its withdrawal from the U.S. market due to a patent-infringement-related court decision. Notably, IQOS marketing increasingly targeted key consumer groups (eg, women). Given IQOS’ potential return to the United States, PM’s use of FDA’s MRTPA to promote IQOS as a risk reduction product in other countries, and FDA’s MRTPA for other products, it is crucial to monitor products receiving MRTPA, their marketing, and their population impact, domestically and in other countries.
Associations Between the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives and Regional Brain Volumes in Adult Smokers
Authors: Brown Alexander A , Cofresí Roberto , Froeliger Brett 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM-68) is a 68-item questionnaire to assess nicotine dependence as a multifactorial construct based on 13 theoretically derived smoking motives. Chronic smoking is associated with structural changes in brain regions implicated in the maintenance of smoking behavior; however, associations between brain morphometry and the various reinforcing components of smoking behavior remain unexamined. The present study investigated the potential association between smoking dependence motives and regional brain volumes in a cohort of 254 adult smokers.Aims and MethodsThe WISDM-68 was administered to participants at the baseline session. Structural magnetic resonance brain imaging (MRI) data from 254 adult smokers (Mage = 42.7 ± 11.4) with moderate to severe nicotine dependence (MFTND = 5.4 ± 2.0) smoking for at least 2 years (Myears = 24.3 ± 11.8) were collected and analyzed with Freesurfer.ResultsVertex-wise cluster analysis revealed that high scores on the WISDM-68 composite, secondary dependence motives (SDM) composite, and multiple SDM subscales were associated with lower cortical volume in the right lateral prefrontal cortex (cluster-wise p’s &lt; .035). Analysis of subcortical volumes (ie, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, caudate, and pallidum) revealed several significant associations with WISDM-68 subscales, dependence severity (Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence), and overall exposure (pack-years). No significant associations between cortical volume and other nicotine dependence measures or pack-years were observed.ConclusionsResults suggest that smoking motives may play a larger role in cortical abnormalities than addiction severity and smoking exposure per se, whereas subcortical volumes are associated with smoking motives, addiction severity, and smoking exposure.ImplicationsThe present study reports novel associations between the various reinforcing components of smoking behavior assessed by the WISDM-68 and regional brain volumes. Results suggest that the underlying emotional, cognitive, and sensory processes that drive non-compulsive smoking behaviors may play a larger role in gray matter abnormalities of smokers than smoking exposure or addiction severity.
Syrian Refugee Faith Leaders in Lebanon
Authors: Carpi Estella 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
With the “localization of aid” principle being re-asserted during the 2016 World Humanitarian Summit, humanitarian work has been emerging as a complex set of hybrid moral assemblages and genealogies, rather than a “Western afflatus.” While hegemonic humanitarian actors are primarily involving local faith leaders in countries receiving refugees, the involvement of refugee faith leaders in relief assistance has remained overshadowed. This chapter is based on the author’s fieldwork with Syrian refugee faith leaders in Lebanon between 2018 and 2019, some of whom subsequently relocated to Turkey and Sweden. Such faith leaders locate themselves at the intersection between donors and implementers of aid, often providing services themselves. The chapter shows how they view transregional forms of aid not only as an effective way of restoring their own socio-spiritual role outside of Syria and of gatekeeping moral and religious knowledge in displaced communities, but also as an instrument of peacebuilding and social justice among the Syrian displaced worldwide. The author specifically interprets their aid work through the sociology of aiding inspired by Gloria Anzaldúa’s “spiritual activism” (2015), which combines practices of spirituality with political activism.
Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC) in Health and Disease
Authors: Rajendran Megha , Bezrukov Sergey M. , Rostovtseva Tatiana K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is recognized as the key metabolite pathway of water-soluble metabolites, small ions, and polypeptides across the outer mitochondrial membrane. The significance of this relatively simple β-barrel channel arises from its crucial position at the interface between the mitochondria and the cytosol. Simultaneous access to strictly compartmentalized mitochondrial and cytosolic proteins endows VDAC with a unique regulatory role over the vital communications between mitochondria and the cytosol making VDAC an important cellular communication hub. VDAC has been implicated in a wide range of mitochondria-associated pathologies such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, various cancers, and neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism of VDAC functioning and identification of its natural regulators and synthetic inhibitors are vital for improving outcomes of mitochondria-associated diseases by using VDAC as a pharmacological target. This chapter provides an overview of VDAC channel biophysical properties and its role in mitochondrial metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis with a focus on VDAC regulation by cytosolic proteins and lipids. VDAC’s role in different diseases and the current state of VDAC pharmacology are also discussed.
The Mining Industry
Authors: Perchard Andrew , Ingulstad Mats , Storli Espen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The mining industry is essential to our modern way of life, yet it is often perceived as outmoded and old-fashioned. However, over the last 250 years, the mining industry has greatly increased its geographical operational range, its technological capabilities, and its role as a supplier of essential inputs to economic growth. The chapter provides an introduction to the basics of mining, with an emphasis on the interplay among technology, business, and society that gives shape and direction to the industry’s dynamics. It offers a framework to examine the long-term development of the global mining industry across three dimensions: the geographical expanding, physical deepening, and, finally, the widening ability to supply the rising demand for different types of mineral resources in ever-larger quantities and with more specific properties.
The Circle is All
Authors: Hatcher Jeffrey H. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter is an evaluation of music therapy sessions with clients living with HIV/AIDS, at the Dr. Peter Centre in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (2000–2005). Identities were diverse and gender expansive including gay, bisexual, trans, intravenous drug users, and a small but growing number of Indigenous participants. Clients experienced the long-term pervasive effects of complex and developmental trauma because of their HIV/AIDS diagnosis. Through evaluation of a structured music therapy group, and a single case study with Baran, an HIV+ gay man, this chapter describes how the structures of music and their inherent dynamic potential can create safe spaces for clients to explore their emotional lives and unique creative identities.
Goryū Shintō Goma
Authors: Payne Richard K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The study of Tantra necessarily involves the study of its rituals, and correlatively, the study of the history of Tantra necessarily involves the study of ritual change. Ritual changes take place over three dimensions: borrowing into a different religious praxis, change over time within a religious culture, and change as rituals are transported across cultural boundaries. The Goryū Shintō goma (fire ritual, Skt. homa) and the tantric Buddhist goma of the Shingon tradition provide an instance of the first kind of ritual change, the borrowing of a ritual from one tradition into another. As a method for studying this kind of change, this chapter adapts theory developed within the field of contact linguistics. Two aspects of ritual can be analyzed as distinct from one another. One is ritual semantics, that is, the meaningful units or elements of ritual activity; the other is ritual syntax, that is, the structuring of ritual activity. The thesis motivating this study is that when a ritual is adapted into a different praxis, ritual semantics changes more readily than does ritual syntax, which remains relatively stable. While this chapter focuses on one kind of ritual borrowed from one tradition into another, the thesis that ritual semantics changes more freely than does ritual syntax is relevant to all three contexts of change.