bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of the Lyman-α-emitting fraction and UV properties of lensed star-forming galaxies in the range 2.9 < z < 6.7
Authors: Goovaerts I. , Pello R. , Thai T. T. , Tuan-Anh P. , Richard J. , Claeyssens A. , Carinos E. , de la Vieuville G. , Matthee J. 
Published: September 2023

Context. Faint galaxies are theorised to have played a major role, perhaps the dominant role, in reionising the Universe. Their properties, as well as the Lyman-α emitter (LAE) fraction, XLAE, could provide useful insights into this epoch.
Aims. We used four clusters of galaxies from the Lensed Lyman-alpha MUSE Arcs Sample (LLAMAS) that also have deep HST photometry to select a population of intrinsically faint Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) and LAEs. We study the interrelation between these two populations, their properties, and the fraction of LBGs that display Lyman-α emission.
Methods. The use of lensing clusters allows us to access an intrinsically faint population of galaxies, the largest such sample collected for this purpose: 263 LAEs and 972 LBGs with redshifts between 2.9 and 6.7, Lyman-α luminosities in the range 39.5 ≲ log(LLyα)(erg s−1)≲42, and absolute UV magnitudes in the range −22 ≲ M1500 ≲ −12. In addition to matching LAEs and LBGs, we define an LAE+continuum sample for the LAEs that match with a continuum object that is not selected as an LBG. Additionally, with the use of MUSE integral field spectroscopy, we detect a population of LAEs completely undetected in the continuum.
Results. We find a redshift evolution of XLAE in line with literature results, with diminished values above z = 6. In line with past studies, we take this as signifying an increasingly neutral intervening intergalactic medium. When inspecting this redshift evolution with different limits on EWLyα and M1500, we find that the XLAE for the UV-brighter half of our sample is higher than the XLAE for the UV-fainter half, a difference that increases at higher redshifts. This is a surprising result and can be interpreted as the presence of a population of low Lyman-α equivalent width (EWLyα), UV-bright galaxies situated in reionised bubbles and overdensities. This result is especially interesting in the context of similar, UV-bright, low EWLyα objects recently detected during and around the epoch of reionisation. For intrinsically fainter objects, we confirm the previously observed trend of LAEs among LBGs as galaxies with high star formation rates and low dust content, as well as the trend of the strongest LAEs having, in general, fainter M1500 and steeper UV slopes.
Der Einsatz des DFree-Ultraschallsensors für ein ausgewogenes Blasenmanagement
Authors: Schönburg Sandra Helen , Hofstetter Sebastian , Buhtz Christian , Paulicke Denny , Stoevesandt Dietrich , Jahn Patrick , Schwarz Karsten , Gakis Georgios 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Blasenfunktionsstörungen, gleich welcher Genese, haben erhebliche psychosoziale Auswirkungen. Je nach bestehender Störung und Funktionalität sind Verhaltenstherapie und Hilfsmittel therapeutisches Mittel der ersten Wahl. Es folgen Medikationen, Interventionen und Operationen.

Ziel Der DFree-Ultraschallsensor ermöglicht die sonografische Messung des Harnblasenfüllstands und koppelt diesen per App-Anwendung an den Sensorträger zurück. Primäres Ziel der Studie war der Einfluss des DFree auf die Lebensqualität der Patienten. Sekundäre Endpunkte waren Nützlichkeit und Benutzerfreundlichkeit des DFree sowie der selbstberichtete Grad an Autonomie.

Methoden In der vorliegenden Pilotstudie wurden 18 urologische Patient*innen mit verschiedenen Blasenfunktionsstörungen über einen Zeitraum von 3 Monaten für mindestens 12 Stunden täglich mit dem DFree-Ultraschallsensor ausgestattet. Die Erhebung der Kenngrößen erfolgte zum Zeitpunkt T1 (vor Studienbeginn) und T2 (nach Studienende) anhand des Kings Health Questionnaire (KHQ) und der deutschen Version des Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (ZUF-8) (quantitative Daten) sowie eines strukturierten Interviews (qualitative Daten).

Ergebnisse Eine Verbesserung der Blasenfunktionsstörung anhand des KHQ konnte statistisch nicht bestätigt werden. Der Durchschnittswert anhand des ZUF-8 zeigte jedoch Zufriedenheit mit dem DFree. In den Interviews nach Studienende gaben die Teilnehmer ein positives Feedback mit konkreten Vorschlägen zur Verbesserung der Benutzerfreundlichkeit. Die Anwendung wurde als hilfreich und einfach zu bedienen beschrieben.

Schlussfolgerung Der DFree-Ultraschallsensor stellt ein neues technisches Hilfsmittel in der Behandlung der Blasenfunktionsstörung dar. Eine Verbesserung technischer Details könnte die Benutzerfreundlichkeit sowie die Nützlichkeit des Ultraschallsensors erhöhen.
Evaluation and Perception of an Edpuzzle Class Compared with a Traditional Class among Oral Radiology Undergraduate Students
Authors: Zain-Alabdeen Ebtihal Habeeb 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives Dental students are to an increasing extent presented with new digital learning technologies, especially online delivery of class content. Edpuzzle is a web-based eLearning application that allows educators to select subject-related videos and customize them by editing, cropping, voice-over recording, and adding questions directly to the video stream. Under the teacher's guidance, students log into Edpuzzle using their iPads, take the class, and answer questions. The aim of this study was to compare an Edpuzzle class with a traditional class for undergraduate oral radiology students in order to evaluate the educational effectiveness of each teaching method.
Materials and Methods The study sample comprised 20 fourth-year dental students who agreed to participate in the study. A traditional class developed a differential diagnosis topic with pre- and post-knowledge tests. A second differential diagnosis topic was developed for an Edpuzzle class, also with a pre- and post-knowledge test. After the two classes were given, a Google Forms feedback questionnaire was sent to the students to evaluate their perceptions and preferences regarding the two classes. The educational effectiveness of each class type was evaluated by comparing means and analyzing the feedback questionnaires.
Statistical Analysis The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to examine pre- and post-knowledge for each class, and Welch's t-test was used to test for differences in means of post-knowledge of both classes.
Results Students in both classes obtained significantly better scores in the posttest than they did in the pretest (p = 0.0001). However, the differences in means of post-knowledge of both classes showed no significant differences (p = 0.0975). The feedback questionnaire showed higher percentages of positive attitude toward Edpuzzle class.
Conclusion As a first-time experience, the Edpuzzle class interested most of the students. Workshops for the staff are needed to become expert in these technologies and to overcome any obstacles in implementing them for undergraduate dental students.
Enteric Access: IR Perspective
Authors: Lim Marc Michael Del Rosario 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGastrostomy tube placement may be needed for nutritional support, as in the setting of neurogenic dysphagia or head and neck malignancy, or for gastric decompression, as in the setting of malignant small bowel obstruction. Additionally, gastrojejunostomy or direct jejunostomy tubes may be needed in the setting of gastric outlet obstruction among other indications. Surgical, endoscopic, and percutaneous approaches are all well-described with generally similar outcomes. In this article, the standard radiologic percutaneous gastrostomy technique is reviewed including both the “push” and “pull” methods. Then, the special indications and techniques of advanced percutaneous enteral access such as percutaneous transesophageal gastrostomy and direct jejunostomy are discussed with examples shown.
What is the Sleep Pattern of Infants and Toddlers in the Iranian Population? An Epidemiological Study
Authors: Mazandarani Amir Ali , Zare Bahramabadi Mahdi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective To identify sleep patterns and sleep behaviors in a group of infants and toddlers (0 to 36 months) in Iran.
Methods Parents and caregivers of 602 infants and toddlers in Iran completed a Persian translation of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. To assess the differences among the age groups, non-parametric statistical approaches such as the Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square tests were employed.
Results The infants and toddlers went to bed relatively late (22:30), and the median night awakening was 2 times (20 min). They most likely slept in the same room with their parents (55.5%), and commonly in the same bed (18.9%). They slept a median of 11.50 hours per day. A significant percentage of the parents felt that their child had moderate or severe sleep problems (22.4%). These children's sleep patterns had significant developmental changes, including decreased daytime sleep, reduced overall sleep, and increased sleep consolidation (reduced number and duration of night awakenings and increased overall sleep duration). The parents commonly used holding-and-rocking and bottle/breastfeeding to initiate infants' sleep and bottle/breastfeeding to resume their infants' sleep.
Discussion These findings provide reference data for professionals to assess sleep in children under 3 years of age and also supply knowledge about common parenting practices related to a child's sleep. Cross-cultural comparisons using the findings can offer new insights into the practices and behaviors of parents concerning infant and toddler sleep.
The Cervical Fat Tissue Volume is a Predictor for Moderate to Severe OSA
Authors: Ernst Glenda , Dalzotto Pablo , Saban Melina , Ferraro Fernando M. , Salvado Alejandro , Borsini Eduardo Enrique 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by recurrent pharyngeal obstruction during sleep, in which upper airway anatomy plays a key role in its pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to describe whether the quantification of cervical fat tissue volume (CFTV) obtained by Computed Tomography (CT)cephalometry is related to the severity of OSA.
Methods Retrospective study between 2018 and 2020 in those patients > 18 years old, with diagnosis of OSA who performed a volumetric cephalometric imaging. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the images was performed and CFTV was measured.
Results 91 patients were included in this study of which: without OSA (n: 7), mild (n: 19), moderate (n: 39) and severe OSA (n: 26). We observed a progressive increase of CFTV related to OSA severity has been observed (without OSA: 58.9 ml (47.9-87.5), mild: 59.1ml (48.4-78.3), moderate: 71 ml (42.6-127.1) and severe OSA 103.6 ml (81-153); p < 0.01); nevertheless, no differences were found in the airway volume and neck area. It was showed a significant correlation between CFTV and OSA indicators: AHI, ODI and T90 (Sp r: 0.48; 0.38 and 0.36; p < 0.01 respectively). CFTV cut-off value to discriminate AHI >15 ev/h with best sensitivity-specificity relationship was 64.1 ml with an area under the curve of 0.6 ± 0.06. Multivariate analysis showed that CFTV is a predictor for moderate to severe OSA (OR:3.05, IC95%: 1.14-8.17).
Conclusion Cervical fat quantification by CT cephalometry correlates with OSA severity in adults. Fat volume > 64.1 ml increased more than three times the risk of OSA moderate to severe.
Advanced Treatment of Hemodynamically Unstable Acute Pulmonary Embolism and Clinical Follow-up
Authors: Fulton Brian , Bashir Riyaz , Weinberg Mitchell D. , Lakhter Vladimir , Rali Parth , Pugliese Steve , Giri Jay , Kobayashi Taisei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh-risk acute pulmonary embolism (PE), defined as acute PE associated with hemodynamic instability, remains a significant contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the United States and worldwide. Historically, anticoagulant therapy in addition to systemic thrombolysis has been the mainstays of medical therapy for the majority of patients with high-risk PE. In efforts to reduce the morbidity and mortality, a wide array of interventional and surgical therapies has been developed and employed in the management of these patients. However, the most recent guidelines for the management of PE have reserved the use of these advanced therapies in scenarios where thrombolytic therapy plus anticoagulation are unsuccessful. This is due largely to the lack of prospective, randomized studies in this population. Stemming from this, the approach to treatment of these patients varies widely depending on institutional experience and resources. Furthermore, morbidity and mortality remain unacceptably high in this population, with estimated 30-day mortality of at least 30%. As such, development of a standardized approach to treatment of these patients is paramount to improving outcomes. Early and accurate risk stratification in conjunction with a multidisciplinary team approach in the form of a PE response team is crucial. With the advent of novel therapies for the treatment of acute PE, in addition to the growing availability of and familiarity with mechanical circulatory support systems, such a standardized approach may now be within reach.
Effect of a Hedonic Stimulus on the Sleep Architecture of Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Peña-Escudero Carolina , Priego-Fernández Sergio , Caba Mario , Rodríguez-Alba Juan Carlos , Corona-Morales Aleph Alejandro , García-García Fabio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective Nocturnal animals forage and eat during the night and sleep during the day. When food is available only for a short period during the day, animals develop a catabolic state and exhibit locomotor behavior before accessing food, termed food anticipatory activity. Consequently, there is a disruption in the sleep pattern. The present study aimed to explore how anticipatory arousal emerges under circadian exposure to a palatable meal (PM) and disrupts sleep architecture.
Materials and Methods Adult male Wistar rats were implanted with electrodes for continuous sleep recording and housed under a light/dark 12/12-hour cycle with free access to food and water. After basal recordings, the rats had access to a PM during the light period for eight days.
Results The anticipatory arousal started on the third day. On the eighth day, we found an increase in wake time and a decrease in the non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) and rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) times 45 minutes before the PM compared with the basal recordings. The REMS transitions (events from NREMS to REMS) showed a significant reduction during the light period of the eighth day of PM. In contrast, the number of NREMS transitions (events from wakefulness to NREMS) remained unchanged.
Conclusion The results suggest that palatable food induces a motivational timing that leads the rat to wake by altering the sleep quota.
Positive Pressure Ventilation Treatment Based on Daytime and Night-time Titration in Patients with Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Amra Babak , Ghasemi Marzieh , Soltaninejad Forogh , Salmasi Mehrzad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives The aim of the present study was to investigate the improvements of gas exchange and excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) in daytime and night-time split polysomnography (DSPSG and NSPSG).
Materials and Methods In the present randomized controlled trial, patients with OHS were enrolled in two DSPSG (51 patients) and NSPSG (50 patients) groups in the Bamdad respiratory and sleep research center in Isfahan, Iran. In both groups, the diagnostic polysomnography (PSG) and titration were conducted in one session according to the guidelines of NSPSG. SpO2, PaCO2, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), were measured initially and 12 weeks after treatment. Furthermore, the PSG parameters and the type of treatments for the two groups were recorded and analyzed.
Results A total of 101 OHS patients (age: 62.02 ± 12.4 year old; 61 females [60.4%]) were evaluated. There were no significant differences regarding BMI, gender, and AHI between groups (p > 0.05). Primary SpO2, PaCO2, and ESS were not significantly different between the two groups. After 12 weeks of treatment by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP), there were significant improvement of SpO2, PaCO2, and ESS score (p < 0.001). The amount of change of these variables was not different between groups. Among all variables, only the lower SpO2 and higher PaCO2 were associated with response to BiPAP.
Discussion There were no significant differences in the number of changes of SpO2, PaCO2, and ESS by treatment in the DSPSG and NSPSG groups. Therefore, DSPSG may be considered as a valuable alternative method for the diagnosis and titration in OHS patients.
Clinical Trials IRCT20170512033930N2
Austerity and its alternatives in the European parliament: from the Eurozone crisis to the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Elomäki Anna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article examines the role of the European parliament (EP) in providing ideational alternatives to austerity in the context of the Eurozone crisis and the COVID-19 crisis. Despite the EP’s limited formal role in EU economic governance, it is a key site for democratic debate and contestation. Analyzing EP debates about austerity allows us to understand the possibilities and limitations for ideational change at the EU level from the perspective of supranational party politics. Through a longitudinal analysis (2012–2021) of EP resolutions on the European Commission’s Annual Growth Surveys, the article asks how ideational battles around austerity have unfolded between the EP’s political groups and what factors have shaped the EP’s positions. Theoretically, the article draws on the literature on ideational political economy and discoursive institutionalism. The article argues that instead of providing alternatives, the EP and its Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs have contributed to the ideational hold of austerity due to the weakness of the alternatives of the center-left and their compatibility with austerity. Party-political and institutional factors, such as broad left/right compromises and a strict division of labor between the EP’s committees, further constrain ideational change.
Infrared spectroscopy of cations in helium nanodroplets
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Bergmeister Stefan , Azhagesan Andrew , Scheier Paul , Vilesov Andrey F. 
Published: September 2023

Here, we describe our pulsed helium droplet apparatus for spectroscopy of molecular ions. Our approach involves the doping of the droplets of about 10 nm in diameter with precursor molecules, such as ethylene, followed by electron impact ionization. Droplets containing ions are irradiated by the pulsed infrared laser beam. Vibrational excitation of the embedded cations leads to the evaporation of the helium atoms in the droplets and the release of the free ions, which are detected by the quadrupole mass spectrometer. In this work, we upgraded the experimental setup by introducing an octupole RF collision cell downstream from the electron impact ionizer. The implementation of the RF ion guide increases the transmission efficiency of the ions. Filling the collision cell with additional He gas leads to a decrease in the droplet size, enhancing sensitivity to the laser excitation. We show that the spectroscopic signal depends linearly on the laser pulse energy, and the number of ions generated per laser pulse is about 100 times greater than in our previous experiments. These improvements facilitate faster and more reproducible measurements of the spectra, yielding a handy laboratory technique for the spectroscopic study of diverse molecular ions and ionic clusters at low temperature (0.4 K) in He droplets.
Atomistic simulations of calcium aluminosilicate interfaced with liquid water
Authors: Vuković F. , Garcia N. A. , Perera S. , Turchi M. , Andersson M. P. , Solvang M. , Raiteri P. , Walsh T. R. 
Published: September 2023

The dissolution behavior of calcium aluminosilicate based glass fibers, such as stone wool fibers, is an important consideration in mineral wool applications for both the longevity of the mineral wool products in humid environments and limiting the health impacts of released and inhaled fibers from the mineral wool product. Balancing these factors requires a molecular-level understanding of calcium aluminosilicate glass dissolution mechanisms, details that are challenging to resolve with experiment alone. Molecular dynamics simulations are a powerful tool capable of providing complementary atomistic insights regarding dissolution; however, they require force fields capable of describing not-only the calcium aluminosilicate surface structure but also the interactions relevant to dissolution phenomena. Here, a new force field capable of describing amorphous calcium aluminosilicate surfaces interfaced with liquid water is developed by fitting parameters to experimental and first principles simulation data of the relevant oxide-water interfaces, including ab initio molecular dynamics simulations performed for this work for the wüstite and periclase interfaces. Simulations of a calcium aluminosilicate surface interfaced with liquid water were used to test this new force field, suggesting moderate ingress of water into the porous glass interface. This design of the force field opens a new avenue for the further study of calcium and network-modifier dissolution phenomena in calcium aluminosilicate glasses and stone wool fibers at liquid water interfaces.
Singlet–triplet dephasing in radical pairs in avian cryptochromes leads to time-dependent magnetic field effects
Authors: Golesworthy Matthew J. , Zollitsch Tilo , Luo Jiate , Selby Dan , Jarocha Lauren E. , Henbest Kevin B. , Paré-Labrosse Olivier , Bartölke Rabea , Schmidt Jessica , Xu Jingjing , Mouritsen Henrik , Hore P. J. , Timmel Christiane R. , Mackenzie Stuart R. 
Published: September 2023

Cryptochrome 4a (Cry4a) has been proposed as the sensor at the heart of the magnetic compass in migratory songbirds. Blue-light excitation of this protein produces magnetically sensitive flavin–tryptophan radical pairs whose properties suggest that Cry4a could indeed be suitable as a magnetoreceptor. Here, we use cavity ring-down spectroscopy to measure magnetic field effects on the kinetics of these radical pairs in modified Cry4a proteins from the migratory European robin and from nonmigratory pigeon and chicken. B1/2, a parameter that characterizes the magnetic field-dependence of the reactions, was found to be larger than expected on the basis of hyperfine interactions and to increase with the delay between pump and probe laser pulses. Semiclassical spin dynamics simulations show that this behavior is consistent with a singlet–triplet dephasing (STD) relaxation mechanism. Analysis of the experimental data gives dephasing rate constants, rSTD, in the range 3–6 × 107 s−1. A simple “toy” model due to Maeda, Miura, and Arai [Mol. Phys. 104, 1779–1788 (2006)] is used to shed light on the origin of the time-dependence and the nature of the STD mechanism. Under the conditions of the experiments, STD results in an exponential approach to spin equilibrium at a rate considerably slower than rSTD. We attribute the loss of singlet–triplet coherence to electron hopping between the second and third tryptophans of the electron transfer chain and comment on whether this process could explain differences in the magnetic sensitivity of robin, chicken, and pigeon Cry4a’s.