bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discrimination of Baphicacanthis Cusiae Rhizoma et radix and its adulterant species and establishment of an assay method for quality control
Authors: Li Yue , Yu Qiong-Xi , Yau Lee-Fong , Huang Guo-Kai , Lu Jing-Guang , Liu Xiao-Xiao , Jiang Zhi-Hong , Wang Jing-Rong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
BaphicacanthisCusiae Rhizoma et Radix, commonly known as Nan-Ban-Lan-Gen (NBLG), is an essential traditional Chinese medicine that possesses diverse bioactivities, particularly noteworthy for its antiviral properties. Although NBLG has been listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as an independent Chinese medicine, the establishment of a comprehensive quality standard for NBLG remains elusive. The absence of assay for marker compound in its quality standards has led to the lack of corresponding quality control measures for NBLG-containing preparations, and its discrimination from adulterant species in the market which thereby can significantly impact the efficacy and safety of NBLG-containing products.

Methods
Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-MS) was employed for comprehensive profiling of the chemical constituents of NBLG, the stem of Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek (NBLJ), and the roots of Isatis indigotica Fort. (Bei-Ban-Lan-Gen, BBLG). Additionally, multivariate analysis was conducted to compare the chemical components of NBLG with those of NBLJ and BBLG. Furthermore, we established an optimized and validated HPLC method to obtain the fingerprint of NBLG and quantify the content of 2-benzoxazolinone and acteoside in the samples.

Results
A total of 73 compounds belonging to six classes were assigned in NBLG, with alkaloids being the most abundant and diverse species. High compositional similarities with significant differences in content were observed between NBLG and NBLJ. Moreover, the chemical profile of BBLG markedly differed from that of NBLG. An informative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint of NBLG comprising seven characteristic peaks that can be used for quality assessment was established. Notably, we propose a quality control standard for NBLG, stipulating that the limit of content in dry weight for both 2-benzoxazolinone and acteoside should not be less than 0.010%.

Conclusion
This study provides the most comprehensive chemical information to date on NBLG, offering valuable insights into its authentication and quality control. Our findings highlight the importance of comprehensive chemical profiling to differentiate potential substitutions and adulterations of herbal medicines, particularly when the original source is scarce or unavailable. These results can aid in the development of quality control measures for NBLG-containing preparations, ensuring their safety and efficacy.
A qualitative study on the perspectives of mothers who had been diagnosed with primary carnitine deficiency through newborn screening of their child
Authors: van den Heuvel Lieke M. , Kater-Kuipers Adriana , van Dijk Tessa , Crefcoeur Loek L. , Visser Gepke , Langeveld Mirjam , Henneman Lidewij 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary carnitine deficiency is an inborn error of metabolism, which can lead to life-threating complications early in life. Low carnitine levels can be detected by newborn bloodspot screening (NBS). However, NBS can also identify, mostly asymptomatic, mothers with primary carnitine deficiency. To identify mothers’ needs and areas for improving screening practice, this study explored the experiences with, and opinions on primary carnitine deficiency screening in NBS among women diagnosed through NBS of their newborn.

Methods
Twelve Dutch women were interviewed, 3–11 years after diagnosis. Data were analysed using a thematic approach.

Results
Four main themes were derived: 1) psychological impact of primary carnitine deficiency diagnosis, 2) becoming a patient and “patient-in-waiting”, 3) information issues and care provision, and 4) primary carnitine deficiency as part of the NBS panel. Mothers shared that they did not experience major psychological distress of the diagnosis. They did experience (recall) various emotions following the initial abnormal NBS result, including fear and anxiety as well as relief, and emotions regarding their own diagnosis, including uncertainty about health risks and treatment effectiveness. Some felt a patient-in-waiting. Many participants experienced a lack of information, especially shortly after receiving the abnormal NBS result. All shared the belief that screening for primary carnitine deficiency in NBS is beneficial for the newborn, and, given the information they received, also considered the knowledge beneficial for their own health.

Conclusions
Psychological burden following diagnosis was experienced by women as limited, although the experienced lack of information amplified feelings of uncertainty and anxiety. Most mothers believed that benefits of knowing about primary carnitine deficiency outweighed the disadvantages. Mothers’ perspectives should be incorporated in policy-making about primary carnitine deficiency in NBS.
Circuit change during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: single-center retrospective study of 48 changes
Authors: Genty Thibaut , Burguburu Stanislas , Imbert Audrey , Roman Calypso , Camille Wirth , Thès Jacques , Stéphan François 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Bleeding and thrombosis induce major morbidity and mortality in patients under extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO). Circuit changes can be performed for oxygenation membrane thrombosis but are not recommended for bleeding under ECMO. The objective of this study was to evaluate the course of clinical, laboratory, and transfusion parameters before and after ECMO circuit changes warranted by bleeding or thrombosis.

Methods
In this single-center, retrospective, cohort study, clinical parameters (bleeding syndrome, hemostatic procedures, oxygenation parameters, transfusion) and laboratory parameters (platelet count, hemoglobin, fibrinogen, PaO2) were collected over the seven days surrounding the circuit change.

Results
In the 274 patients on ECMO from January 2017 to August 2020, 48 circuit changes were performed in 44 patients, including 32 for bleeding and 16 for thrombosis. Mortality was similar in the patients with vs. without changes (21/44, 48% vs. 100/230, 43%) and in those with bleeding vs. thrombosis (12/28, 43% vs. 9/16, 56%, P = 0.39). In patients with bleeding, numbers of bleeding events, hemostatic procedures, and red blood cell transfusions were significantly higher before vs. after the change (P < 0.001); the platelet counts and fibrinogen levels decreased progressively before and increased significantly after the change. In patients with thrombosis, numbers of bleeding events and red blood cell transfusions did not change after membrane change. No significant differences were demonstrated between oxygenation parameters (ventilator FiO2, ECMO FiO2, and PaO2) and ECMO flow before vs. after the change.

Conclusions
In patients with severe and persistent bleeding, changing the ECMO circuit decreased clinical bleeding and red blood cell transfusion needs and increased platelets and fibrinogen levels. Oxygenation parameters did not change significantly in the group with thrombosis.
Merging bioactivity predictions from cell morphology and chemical fingerprint models using similarity to training data
Authors: Seal Srijit , Yang Hongbin , Trapotsi Maria-Anna , Singh Satvik , Carreras-Puigvert Jordi , Spjuth Ola , Bender Andreas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe applicability domain of machine learning models trained on structural fingerprints for the prediction of biological endpoints is often limited by the lack of diversity of chemical space of the training data. In this work, we developed similarity-based merger models which combined the outputs of individual models trained on cell morphology (based on Cell Painting) and chemical structure (based on chemical fingerprints) and the structural and morphological similarities of the compounds in the test dataset to compounds in the training dataset. We applied these similarity-based merger models using logistic regression models on the predictions and similarities as features and predicted assay hit calls of 177 assays from ChEMBL, PubChem and the Broad Institute (where the required Cell Painting annotations were available). We found that the similarity-based merger models outperformed other models with an additional 20% assays (79 out of 177 assays) with an AUC > 0.70 compared with 65 out of 177 assays using structural models and 50 out of 177 assays using Cell Painting models. Our results demonstrated that similarity-based merger models combining structure and cell morphology models can more accurately predict a wide range of biological assay outcomes and further expanded the applicability domain by better extrapolating to new structural and morphology spaces.
Graphical Abstract
Effects of Pu-erh and Dian Hong tea polyphenols on the gut-liver axis in mice
Authors: Wang Ning , Lan Chaohua , Mehmood Muhammad Aamer , He Manli , Xiao Xiongjun , Li Linman , Liao Dalong , Xu Kewei , Mo Shan , Zhang Puyu , Zhou Xiaoli , Gu Baoxiang , Zhu Hui , Wu Tao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTea polyphenols (TP) are the most biologically active components in tea, with antioxidant, antiobesity, and antitumor properties, as well as the ability to modulate the composition and function of intestinal microbiota. This experimental study evaluated the chemical constituents of polyphenols in Pu-erh (PTP) and Dian Hong tea (DHTP). It also investigated the co-regulatory effects of PTP and DHTP on intestinal flora and liver tissues in mice using 16 S rRNA gene and transcriptome sequencing. The results revealed that DHT had higher concentrations of EGC (epigallocatechin), C (catechin), EC (epicatechin), and EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate). In contrast, PT had higher concentrations of GA (gallic acid), ECG (epicatechin-3-gallate), TF (theaflavin), and TB (theabrownin). PTP and DHTP consumption significantly reduced the rates of weight gain in mice. Microbial community diversity was significantly higher in PTP and DHTP-treated mice than in the control group. Notably, beneficial microbes such as Lactobacillus increased significantly in PTP-treated mice, whereas Lachnospiraceae increased significantly in DHTP-treated mice. Both PTP and DHTP improved the activity of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the liver. The transcriptome analysis revealed that the beneficial effects of PTP and DHTP were due to changes in various metabolic pathways, the majority of which were related to antioxidant and lipid metabolism. This study discovered that PTP and DHTP had beneficial effects in mice via the gut-liver axis.
Induction of autophagy by oleifolioside A in HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cells
Authors: An So-Young , An Hyun-Kyu , Kim Kyoung-Sook , Lee Young-Choon , Kim Seok-Ho 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn current study, we addressed the anti-cancer effect of oleifolioside A and its mechanism on the regulation of cell death in HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cells. Oleifolioside A inhibited HCT-116 cell proliferation and caused apoptosis associated with sequential activation of caspases 8 and 3, followed by PARP cleavage. Moreover, anti-LC3-positive granules and the increased LC3-II level were observed in HCT-116 cells treated with oleifolioside A, which is the specific characteristics of autophagy. Treatment of autophagy inhibiors, 3-MA and Wort, markedly accelerated the cell death by oleifolioside A and, furthermore, knockdown of Beclin-1 and Atg7 using shRNA increased oleifolioside A-induced apoptosis, suggesting a cytoprotective function of autophagy against oleifolioside A-triggered apoptosis. Treatment of HCT-116 cells with oleifolioside A time-dependently activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Oleifolioside A-induced autophagy was dramatically inhibited by pretreatment with an ERK inhibitor, U0126, which resulted in a marked reduction in cell viability. These findings indicate that oleifolioside A induce autophagy through ERK activation in HCT-116 cells and that autophagy suppression enhances apoptosis induced by oleifolioside A.
Framework for multi-criteria assessment of classification models for the purposes of credit scoring
Authors: Ziemba Paweł , Becker Jarosław , Becker Aneta , Radomska-Zalas Aleksandra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe main dilemma in the case of classification tasks is to find—from among many combinations of methods, techniques and values of their parameters—such a structure of the classifier model that could achieve the best accuracy and efficiency. The aim of the article is to develop and practically verify a framework for multi-criteria evaluation of classification models for the purposes of credit scoring. The framework is based on the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method called PROSA (PROMETHEE for Sustainability Analysis), which brought added value to the modelling process, allowing the assessment of classifiers to include the consistency of the results obtained on the training set and the validation set, and the consistency of the classification results obtained for the data acquired in different time periods. The study considered two aggregation scenarios of TSC (Time periods, Sub-criteria, Criteria) and SCT (Sub-criteria, Criteria, Time periods), in which very similar results were obtained for the evaluation of classification models. The leading positions in the ranking were taken by borrower classification models using logistic regression and a small number of predictive variables. The obtained rankings were compared to the assessments of the expert team, which turned out to be very similar.
Two cases of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated via atezolizumab and bevacizumab combination therapy
Authors: Tsunemitsu Ryosuke , Tabuchi Motoyasu , Sakamoto Shinya , Ogi Kenta , Matsumoto Manabu , Iwata Jun , Okabayashi Takehiro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) varies widely depending on the patient's condition. In recent years, combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has emerged as the treatment of choice due to its superior antitumor effects for unresectable HCC (uHCC). Conversion surgery (CS) after systemic chemotherapy is expected to be an effective treatment strategy for uHCC. Here, we report two cases of uHCC with bilateral porta hepatis invasion, in which atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy regressed the tumor invasion of the porta hepatis, followed by CS with R0 resection.

Case presentation
The first patient—a 71-year-old man with S4 HCC—developed porta hepatis, and the tumor compressed the right portal vein and bile duct. R0 resection with left trihepatectomy was impossible because of insufficient liver function, and combination therapy using atezolizumab and bevacizumab was initiated. After ten courses of treatment, the tumor shrunk with regression of the porta hepatis contact, and segmentectomy of S4 was performed with a sufficient surgical margin. Histopathological findings showed that the primary tumor was mostly necrotic with no residual viable tumor cells. The second patient was a 72-year-old man with an S4 HCC extending to the porta hepatis. The patient’s condition was almost similar to that in the first case and required left tri-segmentectomy with R0 resection; however, insufficient liver function made liver resection impossible. An atezolizumab plus bevacizumab regimen was administered, and after seven courses of treatment, porta hepatis compression regressed, following which left lobectomy was performed with adequate surgical margins. The pathological diagnosis was moderately differentiated HCC, most of which was necrotic, and R0 resection was confirmed.

Conclusions
Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy has the potential to facilitate radical resection in patients with uHCC.
Validation of the subtle and blatant prejudice towards Bolivian immigrants scale in Argentina
Authors: Etchezahar Edgardo , Ungaretti Joaquín , Yepes Talía Gómez , Genol Miguel Ángel Albalá 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEven though prejudice towards Bolivian immigrants is one of the main reasons for discrimination in Argentina, there is no valid measure to assess it. The aim of this study was to explore the psychometric properties of the subtle and blatant prejudice towards Bolivian immigrants scale. In addition, we tested correlations with right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, feelings towards Bolivian immigrants, and ideological self-placement. Data was collected through a convenience sample of 431 undergraduate students from Buenos Aires, with an age range from 18 to 45 years old (38.75% men and 61.25% women). Results showed adequate psychometric properties for the scale. Moreover, significant correlations between subtle and blatant prejudice and the other psychosocial variables tested were found. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Shatkarma (six inner body cleansing techniques): a way of disease-free life
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Kishore 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
In the yogic tradition, this cleansing is known as shatkarma or shatkriyas. Kriyas or yogic cleansing procedures are an important part of yoga as they help eliminate toxins accumulated in the system. Kriyas also help to rejuvenate the body and put it in the proper condition for the proper functioning of yogasana and pranayama.

Purpose
The purpose of the present qualitative study was to discuss in detail the various aspects of cleaning techniques (shatkarma) and their implication of disease-free life.

Findings
The present article has discussed scientifically the various aspects of shatkarma or six cleansing techniques and their importance in human health. The purification of inner bodily chambers is very important to detoxify our body and remove waste materials. In order to bring balance to tri-dosh vata, pitta, and kapha and empower our internal systems such as blood circulation, digestion, respiratory system, and defense the role of shatkarma, one cannot be ignored.

Conclusion
Yoga is believed to increase the neurotransmitter dopamine (natural anti-depressant) and strengthen your nervous system. A strong mind–body connection, a healthy body, and focusing inward can help towards greater happiness. Most yoga practitioners report a huge reduction in the amount of hostility they feel as well as a sense of control when anger and stress reduction. Moving tension out of the body, de-stressing, meditating, and breath control reduce stress considerably. Shatkarma removes impurities of the internal body, organs which got accumulated by regular intake of external matter through different sensory organs. To make sure of the proper flow of prana (life force), shatkarma ensures there is not any physical/mental knot present in nadis.
The West Africa Lassa fever Consortium pre-positioned protocol for a Phase II/III adaptive, randomised, controlled, platform trial to evaluate multiple Lassa fever therapeutics
Authors: Bourner Josephine , Salam Alex Paddy , Jaspard Marie , Olayinka Adebola , Fritzell Camille , Goncalves Bronner , Vaillant Michel , Edwards Tansy , Erameh Cyril , Ajayi Nnennaya , Ramharter Michael , Olliaro Piero ,   The WALC Work Package 2 Working Group
Published: June 2023

Background: This is a standardized, pre-positioned protocol for the coordinated evaluation of Lassa fever therapeutics. The protocol is the product of discussions that took place in 2021 and 2022 among international investigators from a wide range of scientific and medical disciplines working together within the West Africa Lassa fever Consortium (WALC). Methods: This is a clinical Phase II/III multicentre randomised controlled platform trial using a superiority framework with an equal allocation ratio and a composite primary endpoint of all-cause mortality OR new onset of i) acute kidney failure (AKF), OR ii) acute respiratory failure (ARF), OR iii) shock assessed from enrolment (D0) to D28. Discussion: This pre-positioned protocol was developed by the WALC and made available for adaptation and implementation by the wider Lassa fever research community in order to generate efficient, reliable, and comparable evidence for Lassa fever therapeutics.
Determinants of sleep disturbances in chronically-ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Łuc Mateusz , Pawłowski Marcin , Fila-Pawłowska Karolina , Kamińska Dorota , Poznański Paweł Ireneusz , Rymaszewska Julia Ewa , Krajewski Piotr , Szcześniak Dorota , Rymaszewska Joanna 
Published: June 2023

Aim of the studyRapid emergence and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 significantly impacted mental health. Restrictions, lockdowns and quarantines issued during the wait for vaccines resulted in additional psychological distress in most populations. We aim to describe the impact of perceived stress related to the pandemic and sociodemographic determinants on sleep disturbances in the population of patients with chronic medical conditions, such as psoriasis, kidney transplant recipients and undergoing dialysis.Subject or material and methodsDuring the cross-sectional survey conducted between May and October 2020, we enrolled 270 patients with three different chronic medical conditions. Study sample was examined regarding the reported sleep complaints (Insomnia Severity Index), occurrence of psychopathological symptoms (General Health Questionnaire 28) and their perceived levels of stress related to pandemic (Perceived Stress Scale).ResultsWe observed 25,2% prevalence of ISI scores indicative of clinical insomnia in the group of chronically-ill patients during the first phase of the pandemic. ISI scores were found to be strongly correlated with GHQ28 and moderately correlated with PSS-10 scores. The profiles of reported complaints varied significantly between groups.DiscussionThere are varied outcomes related to sleep disturbances measured with ISI in the general population depending on the country and phase of pandemic with most of them ranging from 11.5 to 20% .ConclusionsFindings of our study suggest that population of patients with chronic conditions, with special emphasis on those who have a simultaneous history of psychiatric or psychological treatment, requires additional attention in order to objectivize and maintain sleep disorders during occurrence of severe stress conditions such as the COVID-19 pandemic.