bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a machine learning model for early prediction of plasma leakage in suspected dengue patients
Authors: Zargari Marandi Ramtin , Leung Preston , Sigera Chathurani , Murray Daniel Dawson , Weeratunga Praveen , Fernando Deepika , Rodrigo Chaturaka , Rajapakse Senaka , MacPherson Cameron Ross 
Published: March 2023

Background
At least a third of dengue patients develop plasma leakage with increased risk of life-threatening complications. Predicting plasma leakage using laboratory parameters obtained in early infection as means of triaging patients for hospital admission is important for resource-limited settings.

Methods
A Sri Lankan cohort including 4,768 instances of clinical data from N = 877 patients (60.3% patients with confirmed dengue infection) recorded in the first 96 hours of fever was considered. After excluding incomplete instances, the dataset was randomly split into a development and a test set with 374 (70%) and 172 (30%) patients, respectively. From the development set, five most informative features were selected using the minimum description length (MDL) algorithm. Random forest and light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) were used to develop a classification model using the development set based on nested cross validation. An ensemble of the learners via average stacking was used as the final model to predict plasma leakage.

Results
Lymphocyte count, haemoglobin, haematocrit, age, and aspartate aminotransferase were the most informative features to predict plasma leakage. The final model achieved the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, AUC = 0.80 with positive predictive value, PPV = 76.9%, negative predictive value, NPV = 72.5%, specificity = 87.9%, and sensitivity = 54.8% on the test set.

Conclusion
The early predictors of plasma leakage identified in this study are similar to those identified in several prior studies that used non-machine learning based methods. However, our observations strengthen the evidence base for these predictors by showing their relevance even when individual data points, missing data and non-linear associations were considered. Testing the model on different populations using these low-cost observations would identify further strengths and limitations of the presented model.
Fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion with Smart-TO balloon: Study protocol to evaluate effectiveness and safety of non-invasive removal
Authors: Sananès Nicolas , Basurto David , Cordier Anne-Gaël , Elie Caroline , Russo Francesca Maria , Benachi Alexandra , Deprest Jan 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
One of the drawbacks of fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) for congenital diaphragmatic hernia is the need for a second invasive intervention to reestablish airway patency. The “Smart-TO” (Strasbourg University-BSMTI, France) is a new balloon for FETO, which spontaneously deflates when positioned near a strong magnetic field, e.g., generated by a magnetic resonance image (MRI) scanner. Translational experiments have demonstrated its efficacy and safety. We will now use the Smart-TO balloon for the first time in humans. Our main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of prenatal deflation of the balloon by the magnetic field generated by an MRI scanner.

Material and methods
These studies were first in human (patients) trials conducted in the fetal medicine units of Antoine–Béclère Hospital, France, and UZ Leuven, Belgium. Conceived in parallel, protocols were amended by the local Ethics Committees, resulting in some minor differences. These trials were single-arm interventional feasibility studies. Twenty (France) and 25 (Belgium) participants will have FETO with the Smart-TO balloon. Balloon deflation will be scheduled at 34 weeks or earlier if clinically required. The primary endpoint is the successful deflation of the Smart-TO balloon after exposure to the magnetic field of an MRI. The secondary objective is to report on the safety of the balloon. The percentage of fetuses in whom the balloon is deflated after exposure will be calculated with its 95% confidence interval. Safety will be evaluated by reporting the nature, number, and percentage of serious unexpected or adverse reactions.

Conclusion
These first in human (patients) trials may provide the first evidence of the potential to reverse the occlusion by Smart-TO and free the airways non-invasively, as well a safety data.
Jawz Endomyocardial Biopsy Forceps from Argon Medical:
A Review of Safety and Efficacy Based on Literature Review and Bench Model Comparison With the Cordis Bioptome
Authors: Stibbs Peter 
Published: March 2023

Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is a critical tool for the diagnosis and management of cardiac diseases, as well as to gauge allograft rejection post heart transplant.¹ Traditional EMB techniques can be difficult, time-consuming without adequate image guidance, and may carry a risk of complications or inconclusive diagnosis attributed to crush artifact or inadequate specimen yield.²
The Jawz Endomyocardial Biopsy Forceps from Argon Medical(
Athens,TX. USA)is a device designed to simplify the EMB procedure by optimizing excisional removal of myocardium. This paper will review the safety and efficacy of the Jawz biopsy forceps, including data from cited studies and bench top model comparison to the Cordis bioptome
(Cordis Medical, Miami Lakes,FL.USA)
Electrical stimulation to regain lower extremity muscle perfusion and endurance in patients with post‐acute sequelae of SARS CoV‐2: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zulbaran‐Rojas Alejandro , Lee Myeounggon , Bara Rasha O. , Flores‐Camargo Areli , Spitz Gil , Finco M. G. , Bagheri Amir Behzad , Modi Dipaben , Shaib Fidaa , Najafi Bijan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMuscle deconditioning and impaired vascular function in the lower extremities (LE) are among the long‐term symptoms experienced by COVID‐19 patients with a history of severe illness. These symptoms are part of the post‐acute sequelae of Sars‐CoV‐2 (PASC) and currently lack evidence‐based treatment. To investigate the efficacy of lower extremity electrical stimulation (E‐Stim) in addressing PASC‐related muscle deconditioning, we conducted a double‐blinded randomized controlled trial. Eighteen (n = 18) patients with LE muscle deconditioning were randomly assigned to either the intervention (IG) or the control (CG) group, resulting in 36 LE being assessed. Both groups received daily 1 h E‐Stim on both gastrocnemius muscles for 4 weeks, with the device functional in the IG and nonfunctional in the CG. Changes in plantar oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb) and gastrocnemius muscle endurance (GNMe) in response to 4 weeks of daily 1 h E‐Stim were assessed. At each study visit, outcomes were measured at onset (t0), 60 min (t60), and 10 min after E‐Stim therapy (t70) by recording ΔOxyHb with near‐infrared spectroscopy. ΔGNMe was measured with surface electromyography at two time intervals: 0–5 min (Intv1) and: 55–60 min (Intv2). Baseline OxyHb decreased in both groups at t60 (IG: p = 0.046; CG: p = 0.026) and t70 (IG = p = 0.021; CG: p = 0.060) from t0. At 4 weeks, the IG's OxyHb increased from t60 to t70 (p < 0.001), while the CG's decreased (p = 0.003). The IG had higher ΔOxyHb values than the CG at t70 (p = 0.004). Baseline GNMe did not increase in either group from Intv1 to Intv2. At 4 weeks, the IG's GNMe increased (p = 0.031), whereas the CG did not change. There was a significant association between ΔOxyHb and ΔGNMe (r = 0.628, p = 0.003) at 4 weeks in the IG. In conclusion, E‐Stim can improve muscle perfusion and muscle endurance in individuals with PASC experiencing LE muscle deconditioning.
Biosemiotics for postdigital living: the implications of the implications
Authors: Olteanu Alin , Campbell Cary 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe postdigital condition is discussed from the perspective of Paul Cobley’s biosemiotic approach to culture. While semiotics is often concerned with cultural criticism, there has been no explicit biosemiotic approach to culture, until only recently with Cobley unfurling such a research program. The key to this is the biosemiotic notion ofmodeling, which accounts for co-evolutionary processes encompassing biology and culture. This approach responds to recent calls in the humanities and social sciences to understand culture as constituted through technology, but also as something not strictly human (more-than-human). By undermining both vitalism and reductionism, biosemiotics avoids biologism and culturalism, which is of much importance for theorizing culture and learning in light of evolution. This has consequences for construing cultural pluralism. Mainstream notions of multiculturalism rely on cultural holism and, hence, advocate the separation of communities and languages for the pretense of maintaining diversity. Cobley’s theory avoids this pitfall, offering a view of cultures as intrinsically heterogeneous and open systems. This suggests further implications for how we understand the aims of literacy and state-run education. We present an account of biocultural learning that accommodates contemporary posthumanist and postdigital orientations. Construing learning as ecologically contextual is necessary for addressing ongoing technological transformations.
StarCrete: A starch-based biocomposite for off-world construction
Authors: Roberts Aled D. , Scrutton Nigel S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRobust and affordable technology capabilities are needed before a sustained human presence on the lunar and Martian surfaces can be established. A key challenge is the production of high-strength structural materials fromin situresources to provide spacious habitats with adequate radiation shielding. Ideally, the production of such materials will be achieved through relatively simple, low-energy processes that support other critical systems. Here, we demonstrate the use of ordinary starch as a binder for simulated extraterrestrial regolith to produce a high-strength biocomposite material, termed StarCrete. With this technique, surplus starch produced as food for inhabitants could be used for construction, integrating two critical systems and significantly simplifying the architecture needed to sustain early extraterrestrial colonies. After optimisation, lunar and Martian StarCrete achieved compressive strengths of 91.7 and 72.0 MPa, respectively, which is well within the domain of high-strength concrete (>42 MPa) and surpasses most other proposed technology solutions despite being a relatively low-energy process. The flexural strength of the lunar and Martian StarCrete, at 2.1 and 8.4 MPa, respectively, was also comparable to ordinary concrete (2.5–4.5 MPa).
Thermal decomposition reaction kinetics and storage life prediction of polyacrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive
Authors: Li Bingjun , Li Yingzi , Tong Zongwen , Yang Hongbin , Du Sensen , Zhang Zhuozhen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The thermal decomposition behavior of polyacrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) at heating rates of 4, 6, 8, and 10 K·min−1 was measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The kinetic parameters for thermal decomposition reaction of the polyacrylate adhesive were obtained from TG profile by differential method and integral method (Kissinger, general integral, MacCallum–Tanner, Šatava–Šesták, Agrawal, and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa), the results show that the main decomposition stage of the polyacrylate adhesive starts at 301°C and its activation energy is 142.68 kJ·mol−1, the pre exponential factor is 109.55, the decomposition mechanism obeys Avrami–Erofeev equation and its decomposition kinetic equation can be expressed as: dα/dT = (109.55/β)[(1 − α)/2][−ln(1 − α)]−1exp(−1.7161 × 104/T). The storage life of PSA at 25°C was predicted to be about 19 years by isoconversional method.
Geranium leaf-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their transcriptomic effects on Candida albicans
Authors: Serrano-Díaz Paloma , Williams David W. , Vega-Arreguin Julio , Manisekaran Ravichandran , Twigg Joshua , Morse Daniel , García-Contreras René , Arenas-Arrocena Ma Concepción , Acosta-Torres Laura Susana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Candida albicans is the most predominant fungal species isolated from medical devices, including catheters, heart valves, and dental prostheses. In recent years, it has been demonstrated to be resistant to many antifungals; therefore, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been proposed as an alternative. But only a handful of research is contributed to omic-based studies to study the various impacts of AgNPs on Candida species and other microorganisms. Thus, the study aims to biosynthesize AgNPs using Pelargonium-hortorum leaf and test its antifungal, cytotoxicity, and global gene expression on Candida through transcriptomic profiling. The leaf-assisted AgNPs resulted in spherical shapes with a particle size of 38 nm. The anticandidal effect demonstrated that the Minimum inhibitory concentration was 25 μg·mL−1. Later, the cytotoxicity assay reported a moderate impact on the human gingival fibroblast cells. Finally, the transcriptomic analysis demonstrated the differential gene expression of 3,871 upregulated and 3,902 downregulated genes. Thus, proving the anticandidal effect of AgNPs on Candida through RNA-seq experiments and the regulated genes is highly important to cell wall integrity, adherence, and virulence.
Notable electrical and mechanical properties of polyacrylamide (PAM) with graphene oxide (GO) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)
Authors: Awasthi Seema , Yadav Thakur Prasad , Awasthi Kalpana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the present investigation, a polyacrylamide (PAM) – graphene oxide (GO)-single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) composite has been prepared through a cost effective solution cast method and physical properties (electrical and mechanical) measurements have been carried out. The GO sheets contain oxygen functional groups which enhance the interfacial adhesion with the polymer matrix, while the SWNTs act as wires joining the GO together in the composite matrix. This interconnected network creates a conducting path, lowering film resistance and improving PAM films’ electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Raman study demonstrated that carbon nanofiller (SWNTs, GO) and polymer PAM have good interfacial bonding. The electrical conductivity and mechanical characteristics (hardness and elastic modulus) of these composite films were enhanced at a loading of 15 wt% GO and 15 wt% SWNTs in PAM matrix. Electrical conductivity of GO (15 wt%) – SWNTs (15 wt%)-PAM composite film was found to be 2.8 × 10−2 S/cm, which is five orders of magnitude higher than that of the PAM polymer. In comparison to pure PAM polymer, the elastic modulus and hardness are found to be 1.14 and 65 times higher, respectively.
Response to vitamin D replacement therapy in obese children and adolescents with vitamin D deficiency: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Deruyter Sarah , Van Biervliet Stephanie , De Guchtenaere Ann 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Vitamin D deficiency is common in the pediatric group with obesity and is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Supplementation of vitamin D may require higher dosing than in normal-weight children. The aim of our study was to investigate the response of supplementation on vitamin D levels and the metabolic profile in youths with obesity.

Methods
Children and adolescents with obesity (Body mass index >2.3 SDS, age ≤18 years) and hypovitaminosis D (level <20 μg/L) who entered a residential weight-loss program in Belgium, were included during summer. Subjects were randomized: Group 1 received 6,000 IU vitamin D daily for 12 weeks, whereas Group 2 simultaneously participating in the weight-loss program received no supplementation. Differences in vitamin D levels, weight, insulin resistance, lipid patterns, and blood pressure after 12 weeks were assessed.

Results
A total of 42 subjects (12–18 years) with hypovitaminosis D were included, group 1 (n=22) received supplementation after randomization. After 12 weeks, a median increase in vitamin D levels of 28.2 (24.1–33.0) and 6.7 (4.1–8.4) µg/L was observed in group 1 and group 2, respectively (p-value<0.001), resulting in vitamin D sufficiency in 100 and 60% of subjects. No significant differences in weight loss (p-value 0.695), insulin resistance (p-value 0.078), lipid patterns (p-value 0.438), or blood pressure (p-value 0.511) were observed between both groups after 12 weeks of treatment.

Conclusions
Supplementation with 6,000 IU vitamin D daily during 12 weeks in children and adolescents with obesity and hypovitaminosis D is safe and sufficient to reach vitamin D sufficiency. However, no positive effects on weight loss, insulin resistance, lipid patterns, or blood pressure were observed.
Thermal hydraulic analysis of VVER spent fuels stored in vault dry system under different operating and design conditions
Authors: Elnaggar Sayed A. , Wasfy Samaa A. , Abdel-Latif Salwa H. , Refaey Ahmed M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The spent nuclear fuel discharged from power reactors is a very important problem facing the future of using power reactors in electricity production. This paper focuses on the thermal-hydraulic behaviour of the VVER spent fuel in the vault dry storage system under forced convection mode, which is experimentally and numerically investigated. For this purpose, a test rig is designed and constrained to simulate the cooling loop vault system that contains four spent fuel assemblies discharged from the VVER reactor, which are represented by four electric heaters. A numerical simulation is performed by the ANSYS-CFX fluid dynamics code. The effects of decay heat generation and inlet air velocity are investigated as an operating condition. Also, the effect of the type of the Vault System tube material is being studied. The results show that the increase in the inlet air velocity improves the coolability of the fuel, while the increase in decay heat leads to a decrease in the coolability of the fuel. The used velocity range is (0.1 < V < 0.5 m/s) for inlet coolant air and heater power (20 < P < 100 W). Three tube materials (aluminum, copper, and stainless steel) were evaluated for mechanical properties, including thermal conductivity, to assess the feasibility of their use as tubes in the spent fuel storage.
Crystal structure of trans-diaqua-bis(methyl methylcarbamohydrazonothioato-κ2
N,N′) nickel(II) iodide semihydrate, C6H22N6O2NiS2I2·0.5H2O
Authors: Belošević Svetlana , Leovac Vukadin M. , Radanović Mirjana M. , Bogdanović Milica G. , Radnović Nikola D. , Rodić Marko V. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
C6H23I2N6NiO2.50S2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 8.2282(4) Å, b = 21.9200(7) Å, c = 11.4906(4) Å, β = 109.451(4)°, V = 1954.19(14) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0322, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1113, T = 295.
Belarus’ Violation of International Obligations in Connection with Artificial Migration Pressure on the Belarus–European Union Border
Authors: Kużelewska Elżbieta , Piekutowska Agnieszka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper attempts to assess events related to the huge scale of the influx of migrants in the summer of 2021 at the Belarusian borders with Lithuania, Poland and Latvia. The involvement of the Belarusian government had a key impact on the nature of the events and led to Belarus’ violation of its international obligations. In particular, Belarus has violated the Geneva Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (1951), the 1967 additional Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, the 1966 UN International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime of 2000 and the Protocols Thereto (Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children and Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air). The illegal actions taken by Belarus were described as a hybrid attack aimed at destabilizing Europe. Minsk’s creation of an engineered migration pressure on the border with the EU can be considered part of a hybrid strategy – one of the dominant methods in geopolitical confrontation and the struggle for influence in international relations. The present paper verifies the research hypothesis that Belarus has deliberately violated international law by inducing engineered migration at the border with the EU in order to paralyse the migration situation in the neighbouring EU Member States. The violation of international law has not resulted in any major international consequences.
Were the Lithuanian and Polish Responses to the Refugee Influx Legal or Illegal?
Authors: Perkowska Magdalena , Gutauskas Aurelijus 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Since the summer of 2021, the Baltic Sea states of Latvia, Lithuania and Poland have been facing an influx of refugees from the territory of Belarus. This migration is fully controlled by the Belarusian authorities. Refugees, coming mainly from Middle Eastern countries, are forced to cross the border with neighbouring EU countries. The aim of this article is therefore to present the legal responses of the Lithuanian and Polish authorities to this influx, to compare the solutions adopted and to critically analyse them. Both states decided to use constitutional measures in the form of states of emergency introduced on a part of their territory, and adopted a number of solutions in laws and regulations. Therefore, the article critically analyses the legal basis for the introduction of a state of emergency in both states. It also analyses the solutions adopted at the statutory level, which enable border services to use push-back. The legal regulations introduced are also compared with international and European Union law binding on both Lithuania and Poland. Therefore examples of violations of international law in the field of refugees’ rights to seek international protection are indicated.
Occupation: Petty Smuggler. On the Effectiveness of Carrying Out Selected Non-Custodial Penalties against Smugglers
Authors: Stasiak Krzysztof 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article presents the results of a study on the effectiveness of carrying out community service (a penalty for committing a crime or misdemeanour which entails performing work f or social purposes) and social work (where a fine can be converted into such work if the obligated person cannot pay it) by perpetrators of criminal acts related to the smuggling of goods. For the purposes of the current study, punishments consisting of work were defined as effective when they remained unchanged and were carried out as community service. The study found that if punishment in the form of work was applied to them, perpetrators of smuggling-related crimes or offences performed such work far more often than perpetrators of other criminal acts who were subjected to the same punishment (93.8% v. 65.1%). Moreover, it was established that criminal acts related to the smuggling of goods are committed equally often by women and by men (in this category of criminal acts, women comprised 46.2% of perpetrators, with the mean for all criminal acts and petty offences taken into account in the current study being 15%). The article concludes that the present results may suggest that perpetrators of such criminal acts or petty offences treat them as a way to gain additional income. This is evidenced, for example, by the fact that many people had more than one sentence to serve for committing a criminal act related to smuggling.