bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rise of post-pandemic resilience across the distrust ecosystem
Authors: Illari Lucia , Restrepo Nicholas J. , Johnson Neil 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Why is distrust (e.g. of medical expertise) now flourishing online despite the surge in mitigation schemes being implemented? We analyze the changing discourse in the Facebook ecosystem of approximately 100 million users who pre-pandemic were focused on (dis)trust of vaccines. We find that post-pandemic, their discourse strongly entangles multiple non-vaccine topics and geographic scales both within and across communities. This gives the current distrust ecosystem a unique system-level resistance to mitigations that target a specific topic and geographic scale -- which is the case of many current schemes due to their funding focus, e.g. local health not national elections. Backed up by detailed numerical simulations, our results reveal the following counterintuitive solutions for implementing more effective mitigation schemes at scale: shift to 'glocal' messaging by (1) blending particular sets of distinct topics (e.g. combine messaging about specific diseases with climate change) and (2) blending geographic scales.
An explorative single-arm clinical study to assess craving in patients with alcohol use disorder using Virtual Reality exposure (CRAVE) - study protocol
Authors: Lütt Alva , Tsamitros Nikolaos , Wolbers Thomas , Rosenthal Annika , Bröcker Anna-Lena , Schöneck Robert , Bermpohl Felix , Heinz Andreas , Beck Anne , Gutwinski Stefan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background:
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) belongs to the most burdensome clinical disorders worldwide. Current treatment approaches yield unsatisfactory long-term effects with relapse rates up to 85%. Craving for alcohol is a major predictor for relapse and can be intentionally induced via cue exposure in real life as well as in Virtual Reality (VR). The induction and habituation of craving via conditioned cues is used in Cue Exposure Therapy (CET), a long-known but rarely used strategy in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) of AUD. VR scenarios with alcohol related cues offer several advantages over real life scenarios and are within the focus of current efforts to develop new treatment options. As a first step, we aim to analyze if the VR scenarios elicit a transient change in craving levels and if this is measurable via subjective and psychophysiological parameters.
Methods:
A single-arm clinical study will be conducted including n=60 patients with AUD. Data on severity of AUD and craving, comorbidities, demographics, side effects and the feeling of presence in VR will be assessed. Patients will use a head-mounted display (HMD) to immerse themselves into three different scenarios (neutral vs. target situations) while heart rate, heart rate variability, pupillometry and electrodermal activity will be measured continuously. Subjective craving levels will be assessed before, during and after the VR session.
Discussion:
Results of this study will yield insight into the induction of alcohol craving in VR cue exposure paradigms and its measurement via subjective and psychophysiological parameters. This might be an important step in the development of innovative therapeutic approaches in the treatment of patients with AUD.
Trial registration:
This study was approved by the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Institutional Review Board (EA1/190/22, 23.05.2023). It was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05861843).
Crown-root ratio after orthodontic extrusion and surgical crown lengthening procedures – an ex-vivo study
Authors: Bruhnke Maria , Voß Isabelle , Sterzenbach Guido , Beuer Florian , Naumann Michael 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
For restoration of extensively damaged teeth preprosthetic treatment measures are necessary. Surgical crown lengthening and orthodontic extrusion affect the prospective crown-root ratio (CRR). Evidence on true values of CRR is scarce. The subject of this in-vitro study was to compute CRRs for both treatment approaches.
Methods
120 human maxillary central extracted incisors were measured. Measurements were calculated for five prospective treatment groups: C (control), OE-2mm (orthodontic extrusion of 2mm), OE-4mm (orthodontic extrusion of 4mm), SCL-2mm (surgical crown lengthening of 2mm), and SCL-4mm (surgical crown lengthening of 4mm). Tooth (TL), root (RL), and crown lengths (CL) were measured from mesial (m) and facial (f) cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). Anatomic (CRR) and effective crown-root ratios (eCRR) were calculated.
Results
For control TL was 22.8 ± 1.6mm, CL-m 6.7 ± 1.1mm, CL-f 9.5 ± 1.0mm, RL-m 16.1 ± 1.4mm, and RL-f 13.3 ± 1.3mm. Following CRR values were computed for C: CRR-m = 0.4 ± 0.1, CRR-f = 0.7 ± 0.1. For orthodontic extrusion in comparison to surgical crown lengthening all crown-root-ratios were lower for orthodontic extrusion. Effective CCRs were higher than anatomic CCRs. CRR at mesial CEJ was significantly lower than CRR with facial CEJ as reference.
Conclusions
Prospective crown-root ratios are lower for orthodontic extrusion than for surgical crown lengthening procedures.
Fibroblast Activation Protein identifies progressive bladder cancer and allows peritoneal metastasis detection by 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT imaging
Authors: Viergever Bastiaan J. , Strating Esther , Lam Marnix , Kranenburg Onno , Meijer Richard P. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Currently, [18F] FDG-PET/CT scans are used in advanced bladder cancer patients to identify metastatic lesions. Unfortunately, FDG-PET/CT has a relatively low sensitivity for detecting metastatic disease in these patients, resulting in open-and-close operations due to unexpected metastatic disease. Recently a novel radiotracer has emerged using fibroblast activation protein (FAP) targeting [68Ga] FAPI-46, sparking the question if this provides a more accurate alternative to [18F] FDG-PET/CT for detecting metastatic lesions in bladder cancer patients.
Methods: FAP expression was evaluated in primary and metastatic samples of two patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer using immunohistochemical analysis. Finally, both FDG and FAPI scans were obtained and compared using [18F] FDG-PET/CT and [68Ga] FAPI-46-PET/CT.
Results: FAP protein expression was found to be high in both primary and metastatic tumor lesions. In the primary tumor lesions, FAP expression was mainly see in the fibrotic area adjacent to the tumor bulk. In contrast, peritoneal metastases showed FAP expression closely surrounding small tumor clusters. Finally, metastatic lesions that were undetectable on [18F] FDG-PET/CT were detected using [68Ga] FAPI-46-PET/CT.
FAPI-46-PET/CT findings of peritoneal metastases correlated with lesions found in the open-and-close surgical procedures.
Conclusions: [68Ga] FAPI-46-PET/CT provides a promising alternative to [18F] FDG-PET/CT to identify peritoneal metastatic lesions of bladder cancer in high-risk patients.
Subtrochanteric Fracture After Femoral Neck System of Femoral Neck Fractures: A Report of Four Cases
Authors: Fisher John Clinton , Gerzina Christopher , Rush Kaitlin , Caroom Cyrus 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: The femoral neck system (FNS) is commonly used for internal fixation of femoral neck fractures and has shown promising results. However, we have observed cases of peri-implant subtrochanteric femur fractures associated with the use of FNS at our institution. This case series aims to investigate four cases of peri-implant subtrochanteric fractures in patients treated with the FNS implant for femoral neck fractures.
Case Presentation: We reviewed 35 patients who underwent treatment with FNS for femoral neck fractures between January 2017 and December 2021 at our level 1 trauma institution. Among these patients, four cases of peri-implant subtrochanteric femur fractures were identified. In contrast, no such fractures occurred in patients treated with cannulated screws or dynamic hip screws (DHS). Interestingly, all four cases of peri-implant fractures were seen in patients with incomplete nondisplaced femoral neck fractures. Only one case involved an identifiable technical error.
Conclusions: This case series sheds light on peri-implant subtrochanteric femur fractures as a previously unreported complication associated with the use of FNS for femoral neck fractures. These fractures were observed exclusively in patients with incomplete nondisplaced fractures who received FNS fixation. No similar complications were observed in patients treated with other types of fixation. This finding suggests the need for caution and further investigation when considering FNS as a treatment option for this specific fracture pattern.
The identification of peri-implant subtrochanteric femur fractures as a potential complication of FNS usage in incomplete nondisplaced femoral neck fractures raises important considerations for clinical decision-making and patient management in orthopedic trauma.
The mechanism of LSM2 in the progression of live hepatocellular carcinoma was analyzed based on bioinformatics
Authors: Qin Peifang , Huang Haitao , Wang Jiahui , Jiang Tingting , Zeng Nannan , Wang Qi , He Yulin , Zhou Yali 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Comprehensive analysis the expression and probable function of LSM2 in Live hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), and validation via in vitro experiments. Integrated use of database resources like TIMER2.0, GEPIA, LinkedOmics to examine the differential expression, survival prognosis, clinical pathological features, and functional enrichment of LSM2 in LIHC. The expression level of LSM2 in LIHC tissues and adjacent tissues was proven via immunohistochemical staining. Employing shRNA interference techniques to reduce the expression level of LSM2 in LIHC. The biological function of LSM2 in LIHC was detected by cell proliferation, cell cloning, cell scratch, cell migration, and invasion experiments in vitro. TIMER2.0 and GEPIA indicated that LSM2 was highly expressed in various cancers and was strongly associated with survival rates in patients with LIHC, cholangiocarcinoma, breast cancer, and renal clear cell carcinoma. LSM2 was highly expressed in LIHC, which was closely associated to the clinicopathological characteristics of patients, and the overall survival rate and disease-free survival rate of patients with high expression of LSM2 were lower than those with low expression of LSM2. Functional enrichment results revealed that LSM2 was involved to ribosome formation, DNA replication, cell cycle, metabolic processes, JAK-STAT signaling pathways, and FoxO signaling pathways. Compared with the paracancerous tissues, the expression of LSM2 in LIHC tissues was higher. Knockdown of LSM2 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LIHC cells in in vitro experiments. LSM2 was highly expressed in LIHC and was related to a poor prognosis. Knockdown of LSM2 could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LIHC cells.
Preliminary Effectiveness of a Brief School-Based HERO Intervention: Improving the Wellbeing of Final Year Adolescent Female Students
Authors: Heikkila Reetta , Finch Jules , Waters Allison M , Farrell Lara J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Young people face multiple challenges, including appearance dissatisfaction, academic stressors, anxiety and depression. This study examines the preliminary effectiveness of a brief, school-based intervention aimed at enhancing Psychological Capital (PsyCap), consisting of positive resources of hope, self-efficacy, resilience and optimism (HERO), and reducing mental health symptoms among female year 12 students (n = 95, Mage= 16.78, SD = 0.45). Outcomes on measures of HERO and secondary outcomes of flourishing, appearance dissatisfaction, anxiety and depression were measured at pre and post-intervention. In the overall cohort, no significant changes were found on the HERO outcomes or flourishing post-intervention, while symptoms of depression, anxiety and appearance dissatisfaction decreased significantly. For students with higher baseline anxiety, optimism and anxiety symptoms improved significantly at post-intervention. However, students with lower baseline anxiety experienced significant decreases in self-efficacy and optimism, as well as a significant increase in anxiety symptoms post-intervention. Baseline depression levels did not impact intervention outcomes. The findings, although mixed, suggest that a brief intervention grounded in PsyCap theory may improve student wellbeing.
Nondestructive quality assessment and maturity classification of loquat based on hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Feng Shunan , Shang Jing , Tan Tao , Wen Qingchun , Meng Qinglong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Hyperspectral imaging technology was used to nondestructively predict and visualise the colour, firmness, and soluble solids content (SSC) of loquats and discriminate maturity. On comparison of the performance of different feature variables selection methods and the calibration models, the results indicated that the multiple linear regression (MLR) models combined with the competitive adaptive reweighting algorithm (CARS) yielded the best prediction performance for loquat quality. Particularly, CARS-MLR models with optimal prediction performance were obtained for the colour (R2P = 0.96, RMSEP = 0.45, RPD = 5.38), firmness (R2P = 0.87, RMSEP = 0.23, RPD = 2.81), and SSC (R2P = 0.84, RMSEP = 0.51, RPD = 2.54). Subsequently, distribution maps of the colour, firmness, and SSC of loquats were obtained based on the optimal CARS-MLR models combined with pseudo-colour technology. Finally, on comparison of different classification models for loquat maturity, the partial least square discrimination analysis model demonstrated the best performance, with classification accuracies of 98.19% and 97.99% for calibration and prediction sets, respectively. This study demonstrated that the hyperspectral imaging technique is promising for loquat quality assessment and maturity classification.
The Impact of Community Environment on Depression Among Elderly Residents: A Perspective from the “Environment-Psychology-Culture” Co-evolution Model
Authors: Li Xiaowen , Chen Shuhu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Contrary to much of the existing research on elderly depression that primarily focuses on individual psychology while overlooking the interplay of natural environment and sociocultural factors, this study innovatively integrates the research subject into the "Environment-Psychology-Culture"co-evolution model(EPCCM),seeking a comprehensive understanding of how natural environments and social cultures intersectionally influence depression in elderly individuals.Leveraging questionnaire data from 34 communities in Shanghai, alongside remote sensing and urban POI data, this study employs a multi-level model to decompose the community environment into several endogenous variables, and examine the relationships among community environment, residential satisfaction and elderly depression, and quantifying the varying effects of the community environment on psychological health across different social groups.The study reveals that:① The community environment comprises three endogenous variables: environmental perception, neighborhood effects, and built environment; ②A significant correlation exists between the community environment and the depression levels of elderly residents(DLER), with residential satisfaction serving as a mitigating factor for DLER; ③The impact of the community environment on psychological health significantly varies across different income and residential groups.This study strives to contribute to empirical research on community environments and mental health from an environmental psychology perspective, providing a scientific foundation for enhancing the mental health of elderly residents and fostering healthier communities.
The efficacy of non-anesthesiologist-administered propofol sedation with a target-controlled infusion system during double-balloon endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Miyamoto Kazuya , Matsumoto Kazuyuki , Obata Taisuke , Sato Ryosuke , Matsumi Akihiro , Morimoto Kosaku , Ogawa Taiji , Terasawa Hiroyuki , Fujii Yuki , Yamazaki Tatsuhiro , Uchida Daisuke , Horiguchi Shigeru , Tsutsumi Koichiro , Kato Hironari , Otsuka Motoyuki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: The sedation method used during double-balloon endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (DB-ERCP) differs among countries and/or facilities, and there is no established method. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of non-anesthesiologist-administered propofol (NAAP) sedation using a target-controlled infusion (TCI) systemduring DB-ERCP.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between May 2017 and December 2020 at an academic center. One hundred and fifty-six consecutive patients who underwent DB-ERCP were sedated by gastroenterologists using diazepam (n=77) or propofol with a TCI system (n=79), depending on the period. The primary endpoint was a comparison of poor sedation rates between the two groups. Poor sedation was defined as a condition requiring the use of other sedative agents or discontinuation of the procedure. Secondary endpoints were sedation-related adverse events and risk factors for poor sedation.
Results: Poor sedation occurred significantly more often in the diazepam sedation group (diazepam sedation, n=12 [16%] vs. propofol sedation, n=1 [1%]; P=0.001). Vigorous body movements (3 or 4) (diazepam sedation, n=40 [52%] vs. propofol sedation, n=28 [35%]; P=0.038) and hypoxemia (< 85%) (diazepam sedation, n=7 [9%] vs. propofol sedation, n=1 [1%]; P=0.027) occurred significantly more often in the diazepam sedation group. In the multivariate analysis, age < 70 years old (OR, 10.26; 95% CI, 1.57-66.98; P=0.015), BMI>25 kg/m2 (OR, 11.96; 95% CI, 1.67-85.69; P=0.014), and propofol sedation (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.01-0.58; P=0.015) were associated factors for poor sedation.
Conclusions: NAAP sedation with the TCI system during DB-ERCP was safer and more effective than diazepam sedation.
Preparation and characterization of titanium oxide nanocapsules containing retinoic acid for sustained release
Authors: Yu Xuecheng , Zhao Yunhe , Chen Gang , Yu Jing , Wang Ruolan , Deng Yuhao , Wang Xiaoying , Yuan Xinru , Yu Xue-Feng , He Rui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) has been widely used in cosmetics and medicine. However, high concentrations of RA could cause negative effects, and carcinogenic substances can be generated by light degradation. Herein, a convenient and environmental method was developed to realize the sustained release of RA by TiO2 nanocapsules. The surface morphologies, crystalline properties, and chemical structures were characterized by SEM, XRD, FT-IR, NMR. Moreover, the effects of solubilizer, core material content, shell-forming agent, biological properties, and other factors on the nanocapsules were investigated. The results indicated that low crystallinity of anatase TiO2 shell contributed to sustained release of inner RA. The sustained-release properties were studied through the elution process. It confirmed that the RA was encapsulated in the TiO2 shell with loose structures. Light irradiation experiments proved that inner RA was well protected and released continuously. The RA-TiO2 nanocapsules showed good dispersion, sustained-release properties, long-acting antibacterial property, and photostability.
Erythroderma combined with deeper dermal dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton rubrum in a patient with myasthenia gravis: first case report and literature review
Authors: Si Henan , Li Yang , Huang Zhiyang , Cui Yan , Li Shanshan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Dermatophytes are the most common causative pathogens of mycoses worldwide and usually cause superficial infections. However, they can enter deep into the dermis lead to invasive dermatophytosis such as deeper dermal dermatophytosis on rare occasions. Erythroderma is a severe dermatological manifestation of various diseases resulting in generalized skin redness, but erythroderma due to fungi infections is barely reported. In this article, we reported the first case of erythroderma combined with deeper dermal dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton rubrum（T. rubrum） in a patient with myasthenia gravis.
Case presentation: A 48-year-old man was hospitalized because of erythema with scaling and nodules covering his bodyfor a month. The patient had a history of myasthenia graviscontrolled by regularly taking prednisolone for >10 years and accompanied byonychomycosis and tinea pedis lasting >8 years. Based on histopathological examinations, fungal cultures, and DNA sequencing results, the patient was finally diagnosed with dermatophyte-induced erythroderma combined with deeper dermal dermatophytosis caused by T. rubrum. After 2 weeks of antifungal treatment, the patient had recovered well.
Conclusions: This case report shows that immunosuppressed patients with long histories of superficial mycoses tend to have a higher risk of developing invasive dermatophytic infections or disseminated fungal infections. Dermatologists should be alert to this condition and promptly treat the superficial dermatophytosis.
Evaluation of Video Review Tools for Assessing Non-Technical Skills in Emergency Department Resuscitation Teams: A Systematic Review
Authors: ALEXANDER Emily G , DENNY Fraser , GORDON Malcom WG , LOWE David J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background and importance

Use of video review in medicine is established in contexts such as surgery. Although not widely used in the emergency department (ED), some centres use it to evaluate non-technical skills (NTS) to support teaching and quality improvement.

Objective

There is no consensus on assessment of NTS using video review in the ED and the purpose of this review was to identify tools used in this context.

Design, setting and participants

Studies were identified using Embase, Medline and CINAHL. Inclusion criterion for the review was NTS of resuscitation teams working within the ED were assessed using video review. A systematic search method was used, and results were synthesised after search criteria was checked by three independent reviewers. All authors settled on the same 7 studies eligible for inclusion.

Outcome measures and analysis

Reliability and validity of tools identified for use in this context. Due to the heterogeneity of studies, no meta-analysis occurred.

Main results

There are 7 studies included in the review. The systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (Ref No: CRD42022306129). Three unique tools were identified – 5 studies used T-NOTECHS, 1 used CALM and 1 used the Communication tool. T-NOTECHS has the highest reliability score and is validated in the literature for use in this context.

Conclusion

T-NOTECHS is the tool of choice for assessing ED teams in this context.
Compressed Models for Co-reference Resolution: Enhancing Efficiency with Debiased Word Embeddings
Authors: Ioannides Georgios , Jadhav Aishwarya , Sharma Aditi , Navali Samarth , Black Alan W. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This work presents a comprehensive approach to reduce bias in word embedding vectors and evaluate the impact on various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Two GloVe variations (840B and 50) are debiased by identifying the gender direction in the word embedding space and then removing or reducing the gender component from the embeddings of target words, while preserving useful semantic information. Their gender bias is assessed through the Word Embedding Association Test. The performance of co-reference resolution and sentiment analysis models trained on both original and debiased embeddings is evaluated in terms of accuracy. A compressed co-reference resolution model is examined to gauge the effectiveness of debiasing techniques on resource-efficient models. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first attempt to apply compression techniques to debiased models. By analyzing the context preservation of debiased embeddings using a Twitter misinformation dataset, this study contributes valuable insights into the practical implications of debiasing methods for real-world applications such as human profiling.