bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intercellular mitochondrial transfer in the brain, a new perspective for targeted treatment of central nervous system diseases
Authors: Geng Ziang , Guan Shu , Wang Siqi , Yu Zhongxue , Liu Tiancong , Du Shaonan , Zhu Chen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimMitochondria is one of the important organelles involved in cell energy metabolism and regulation and also play a key regulatory role in abnormal cell processes such as cell stress, cell damage, and cell canceration. Recent studies have shown that mitochondria can be transferred between cells in different ways and participate in the occurrence and development of many central nervous system diseases. We aim to review the mechanism of mitochondrial transfer in the progress of central nervous system diseases and the possibility of targeted therapy.MethodsThe PubMed databank, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databank, and Wanfang Data were searched to identify the experiments of intracellular mitochondrial transferrin central nervous system. The focus is on the donors, receptors, transfer pathways, and targeted drugs of mitochondrial transfer.ResultsIn the central nervous system, neurons, glial cells, immune cells, and tumor cells can transfer mitochondria to each other. Meanwhile, there are many types of mitochondrial transfer, including tunneling nanotubes, extracellular vesicles, receptor cell endocytosis, gap junction channels, and intercellular contact. A variety of stress signals, such as the release of damaged mitochondria, mitochondrial DNA, or other mitochondrial products and the elevation of reactive oxygen species, can trigger the transfer of mitochondria from donor cells to recipient cells. Concurrently, a variety of molecular pathways and related inhibitors can affect mitochondrial intercellular transfer.ConclusionThis study reviews the phenomenon of intercellular mitochondrial transfer in the central nervous system and summarizes the corresponding transfer pathways. Finally, we propose targeted pathways and treatment methods that may be used to regulate mitochondrial transfer for the treatment of related diseases.
Sensitivity of North American grassland birds to weather and climate variability
Authors: Maresh Nelson Scott B. , Ribic Christine A. , Niemuth Neal D. , Bernath‐Plaisted Jacy , Zuckerberg Benjamin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGrassland birds in North America have declined sharply over the last 60 years, driven by the widespread loss and degradation of grassland habitats. Climate change is occurring more rapidly in grasslands relative to some other ecosystems, and exposure to extreme and novel climate conditions may affect grassland bird ecology and demographics. To determine the potential effects of weather and climate variability on grassland birds, we conducted a systematic review of relationships between temperature and precipitation and demographic responses in grassland bird species of North America. Based on 124 independent studies, we used a vote‐counting approach to quantify the frequency and direction of significant effects of weather and climate variability on grassland birds. Grassland birds tended to experience positive and negative effects of higher temperatures and altered precipitation. Moderate, sustained increases in mean temperature and precipitation benefitted some species, but extreme heat, drought, and heavy rainfall often reduced abundance and nest success. These patterns varied among climate regions, temporal scales of temperature and precipitation (<1 or ≥1 month), and taxa. The sensitivity of grassland bird populations to extreme weather and altered climate variability will likely be mediated by regional climates, interaction with other stressors, life‐history strategies of various species, and species’ tolerances for novel climate conditions.
Auswirkungen der COVID‐19‐Pandemie auf die stationäre Dermatochirurgie in Deutschland: Ergebnisse der DESSI‐Umfrage
Authors: Balakirski Galina , Hofmann Silke C. , Isselmann Nataliia , Giordano Anna , Dippel Edgar , Löser Christoph R. 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDas Ziel der Arbeit war die Untersuchung einer möglichen Beeinträchtigung der stationären Dermatologie und Dermatochirurgie in Deutschland durch die COVID‐19‐Pandemie.MethodikEine Online‐Umfrage zum Einfluss der pandemiebedingten Maßnahmen auf die stationäre Patientenversorgung wurde an alle deutschen dermatologischen Kliniken versandt. Nur eine Person pro Klinik sollte teilnehmen. Die Datenauswertung erfolgte überwiegend deskriptiv. Unterschiede zwischen Universitätskliniken und Nicht‐Universitätskliniken wurden mittels Chi‐Quadrat‐Test errechnet.ErgebnisseVon den 113 dermatologischen Kliniken mit stationärer Patientenversorgung erhielten wir 45 (39,8%) zumindest teilweise ausgefüllte Fragebögen. Davon stammten 25 (55,6%) aus Universitätskliniken, 18 (40%) aus Lehrkrankenhäusern von Universitäten, 1 (2,2%) aus einem Krankenhaus ohne Lehrauftrag und ein Teilnehmer (2,2%) machte keine Angaben zur Tätigkeitsstätte. Über die Hälfte (57,8%) der Umfrageteilnehmer berichteten, dass viele elektive Eingriffe in ihren Kliniken zu Beginn der COVID‐19‐Pandemie abgesagt werden mussten, dennoch konnten die meisten Kliniken (75,6%) notwendige Eingriffe (wie bei malignem Melanom) weiterhin durchführen. Nur 28,9% (13/45) der Teilnehmer berichteten, dass die Dermatochirurgie in ihrer Klinik nach der COVID‐19‐Pandemie auf ihr Ausgangsniveau zurückgekehrt ist. Ein statistisch signifikanter Unterschied zwischen Universitätskliniken und Nicht‐Universitätskliniken hinsichtlich COVID‐19‐bedingter Einschränkungen bestand nicht.SchlussfolgerungenTrotz ihrer Heterogenität zeigen die Ergebnisse der Umfrage eine insgesamt deutliche und langfristige pandemiebedingte Einschränkung der stationären Dermatologie und Dermatochirurgie in Deutschland.
Kardiovaskuläre Komorbidität bei Psoriasis – Entzündung in Psoriasis betrifft nicht nur die Haut
Authors: Kommoss Katharina S. , Enk Alexander , Heikenwälder Mathias , Waisman Ari , Karbach Susanne , Wild Johannes 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie Entzündung im Rahmen von Psoriasis gilt über die dermatologische Manifestation hinaus als systemisch. Nationale und internationale dermatologische Leitlinien für die Behandlung von Psoriasis‐Patienten empfehlen die Behandlung möglicher Begleitkrankheiten (Komorbidität), einschließlich psychischer, metabolischer und kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen. Umgekehrt wird Psoriasis in der kardiologischen Fachwelt als neuer Risikofaktor für kardiovaskuläre Entzündungen anerkannt.MethodikEine Literaturübersicht wurde durchgeführt. Die wichtigsten Punkte in Bezug auf epidemiologische, mechanistische und Management‐Aspekte wurden zusammengefasst und in einen Kontext für Ärzte gestellt, die Psoriasis‐Patienten behandeln.ErgebnisseDerzeit werden Anstrengungen unternommen, die mechanistischen Grundlagen der systemischen Entzündung bei der psoriatischen Entzündung besser zu verstehen. Studien, die darauf abzielen, mit etablierten systemischen dermatologischen Therapien „zwei Fliegen mit einer Klappe“ hinsichtlich der kardiovaskulären Komorbidität bei Psoriasis‐Patienten zu schlagen, haben bisher heterogene Daten geliefert. Aus der Diagnose Psoriasis ergeben sich für den einzelnen Patienten präventive und therapeutische Konsequenzen hinsichtlich der Begleiterkrankungen.SchlussfolgerungenDas Wissen um die Komorbidität bei Psoriasis erfordert eine ausgeprägte interdisziplinäre Betreuung der Psoriasis‐Patienten, zu der in diesem Artikel Aspekte der vaskulären Entzündung und der kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen aufgezeigt werden.
Therapie pathologischer Narben
Authors: Riedemann Helena Isabell , Schmidt Morna F. , Baron Jens Malte 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungEine Narbe entsteht nach Auftreten eines tiefen Gewebedefekts im Rahmen des physiologischen Wundheilungsprozesses. Der initialen Entzündungsreaktion folgt eine Proliferation von Bindegewebszellen, die eine Fibrose als definitiven Gewebeersatz ausbilden. Störungen können in allen Stadien des Prozesses auftreten und äußern sich hauptsächlich in Wundheilungsstörungen oder der Ausbildung atropher und hypertropher Narben beziehungsweise Keloiden. Schwerpunkt dieses Artikels ist die Therapie pathologischer Narben, die unter anderem wegen funktioneller Einschränkungen, Beschwerden und Stigmatisierung eine Therapieindikation darstellen. Dabei werden konservativ‐medikamentöse, physikalische sowie chirurgische und lasertherapeutische Ansätze verfolgt. Grundlage ist das Verständnis pathophysiologischer Mechanismen und Einflussfaktoren zur Therapiewahl sowie ein interdisziplinärer und interprofessioneller Therapieansatz.
Prädiktive Faktoren für Anti‐MDA5‐Antikörper bei Patienten mit Dermatomyositis: eine retrospektive multizentrische Studie
Authors: Castellanos‐Gonzalez María , Bris Beatriz Butrón , Marsol Isabel Bielsa , Campos Mónica Munera , Ruiz‐Villaverde Ricardo , Llorente Concha Postigo , Nuno‐Gonzalez Almudena , Sánchez Jesús Tercedor , Mur Eva Chavarría , García Rosa Giménez , Alonso Ana Bauza , Español Gloria Aparicio , García Yolanda Hidalgo , Schmidt Júlia María Sánchez , Sánchez Manuel Almagro , Crespo Esther Roé , Alonso Elena de Las Heras , Gallo‐Pineda Gonzalo , Izquierdo Jose Antonio Avilés , Varillas‐Delgado David 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und StudienzielAntikörper gegen das Melanom‐Differenzierungsantigen 5 (Anti‐MDA5‐Antikörper) sind bei Patienten mit Dermatomyositis mit rasch fortschreitender interstitieller Lungenerkrankung und schlechter Prognose assoziiert. Eine frühe Diagnose ist essentiell, um die Prognose dieser Patienten zu verbessern. Das Ziel unserer Studie war es, typische Hautbefunde bei Patienten mit Anti‐MDA5‐positiver Dermatomyositis zu verifizieren sowie neue diagnostische Marker für das Vorhandensein von Anti‐MDA5‐Antikörpern (Anti‐MDA5+) zu untersuchen.Patienten und MethodenEs handelt sich um eine retrospektive multizentrische Querschnitts‐Kohortenstudie. 124 Patienten mit der Diagnose „Dermatomyositis“ nahmen an der Studie teil; 37 von ihnen hatten Anti‐MDA5‐Antikörper (Anti‐MDA5+). Demographische Daten, Laborbefunde sowie klinische Befunde wurden dokumentiert.ErgebnisseDie Anti‐MDA5‐positive Dermatomyositis ist charakterisiert durch einen typischen mukokutanen Phänotyp mit oralen Läsionen, Alopezie, „Mechanikerhänden“, Papeln auf Handflächen und Handrücken, Palmarerythem, Vaskulopathie und Hautulzerationen. Vaskulopathie und Beteiligung der Fingerspitzen waren in unserer Klientel von Anti‐MDA5+‐Patienten besonders häufig zu finden (p <0.001), so dass diese Befunde als diagnostischer Marker für das Vorhandensein der Anti‐MDA5‐Antikörper gelten können (OR 12.355; 95% KI 2,850–79,263; p = 0,012 beziehungsweise OR 7.447; 95% KI 2,103–46,718; p = 0,004). Ulzera sind als Marker für Anti‐MDA5+ besonders zu erwähnen; in unserer Kohorte hatten bis zu 97% der Patienten mit Anti‐MDA5‐Antikörpern Ulzera.SchlussfolgerungenPatienten mit Verdacht auf Dermatomyositis, die eine Beteiligung der Fingerspitzen oder eine Vaskulopathie aufweisen, sollten auf Anti‐MDA5‐Antikörper untersucht werden, da diese klinischen Befunde prädiktiv für das Vorhandensein der entsprechenden Antikörper sein können.
Prädiktoren für selbstberichtete sexuell übertragbare Infektionen bei türkischen Universitätsstudenten
Authors: Gülsoy Seçil Seymenler , Siyez Ender , Esen Erol , Baran Bahar , Siyez Diğdem Müge 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielSexuell übertragbare Infektionen (STIs) gehören zu den wichtigsten Gesundheitsproblemen, mit denen sexuell aktive Universitätsstudenten in Berührung kommen können. Diese Studie hat das Ziel die Prädiktoren für selbstberichtete STIs bei Universitätsstudenten zu identifizieren.MethodenStudienteilnehmer waren 2.241 Personen, die in einer Kohorte von 9.693 befragten Studenten aus 21 türkischen Universitäten angaben, Geschlechtsverkehr gehabt zu haben. Die Teilnehmer waren zwischen 17 und 28 Jahre alt.ErgebnisseLaut CHAID‐Analyse (Chi‐Square Automatic Interaction Detection) war das Geschlecht der hauptsächliche Prädiktor für selbstberichtete STIs. Außerdem wurden die Anzahl der Partner und Drogenkonsum als Vorhersagevariablen bei Männern identifiziert. Abschließend wurde für das CHAID‐Modell eine Klassifikationsgenauigkeit innerhalb der Stichprobe von 95,3 % festgestellt.SchlussfolgerungenDie vorliegenden Ergebnisse beleuchten die Risikofaktoren für die Erkrankung an STIs und legen mögliche Richtungen zur Abstimmung zukünftiger Präventionsmaßnahmen nahe.
Efficacy and safety of inhibiting the NLRP3/IL‐1β/IL‐6 pathway in patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction: A meta‐analysis
Authors: He Fang , Xie Tian , Ni Dong , Tang Tingting , Cheng Xiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe NLRP3/IL‐1β/IL‐6 pathway plays a key role in mediating inflammatory responses after ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the clinical benefits of inhibiting this pathway in STEMI are uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of inhibiting the NLRP3/IL‐1β/IL‐6 pathway in STEMI patients.MethodsThis study followed PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of inhibiting the NLRP3/IL‐1β/IL‐6 pathway in STEMI patients within 7 days of symptom onset. The efficacy outcomes included all‐cause death, cardiovascular death, recurrent MI, new‐onset or worsening heart failure (HF) and stroke. The safety outcomes were serious infection, gastrointestinal adverse events and injection site reactions.ResultsOf 316 screened records, nine trials with 1211 patients were included in the meta‐analysis. Colchicine reduced the risk of recurrent MI (RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.10–0.74; I2 = 0.0%). Anakinra was associated with reduced risk of new‐onset or worsening HF (RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.13–0.77; I2 = 0.0%) and decreased C‐reactive protein levels (SMD −1.34, 95% CI −2.04 to −0.65; I2 = 0.0%). Colchicine and anakinra increased the risk of gastrointestinal adverse events (RR 4.43, 95% CI 2.75–7.13; I2 = 38.1%) and injection site reactions (RR 4.52, 95% CI 1.32–15.49; I2 = 0.8%), respectively. None of the three medications affected the risks of all‐cause death, cardiovascular death, stroke and serious infection.ConclusionsThere is still no large‐scale RCT evidence on the efficacy and safety of inhibiting the NLRP3/IL‐1β/IL‐6 pathway for the treatment of STEMI. Preliminary results from the available RCTs suggest colchicine and anakinra may respectively reduce the risks of recurrent MI and new‐onset or worsening HF. The available RCTs in this meta‐analysis lack power to determine any differences on mortality.
Fine‐scale population structure of the northern hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) revealed by genome‐wide SNP markers
Authors: Ropp Ann J. , Reece Kimberly S. , Snyder Richard A. , Song Jingwei , Biesack Ellen E. , McDowell Jan R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAquaculture is growing rapidly worldwide, and sustainability is dependent on an understanding of current genetic variation and levels of connectivity among populations. Genetic data are essential to mitigate the genetic and ecological impacts of aquaculture on wild populations and guard against unintended human‐induced loss of intraspecific diversity in aquacultured lines. Impacts of disregarding genetics can include loss of diversity within and between populations and disruption of local adaptation patterns, which can lead to a decrease in fitness. The northern hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria (Linnaeus, 1758), is an economically valuable aquaculture species along the North American Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Hard clams have a pelagic larval phase that allows for dispersal, but the level of genetic connectivity among geographic areas is not well understood. To better inform the establishment of site‐appropriate aquaculture brood stocks, this study used DArTseq™ genotyping by sequencing to characterize the genetic stock structure of wild clams sampled along the east coast of North America and document genetic diversity within populations. Samples were collected from 15 locations from Prince Edward Island, Canada, to South Carolina, USA. Stringent data filtering resulted in 4960 single nucleotide polymorphisms from 448 individuals. Five genetic breaks separating six genetically distinct populations were identified: Canada, Maine, Massachusetts, Mid‐Atlantic, Chesapeake Bay, and the Carolinas (FST 0.003–0.046; p < 0.0001). This is the first study to assess population genetic structure of this economically important hard clam along a large portion of its native range with high‐resolution genomic markers, enabling identification of previously unrecognized population structure. Results of this study not only broaden insight into the factors shaping the current distribution of M. mercenaria but also reveal the genetic population dynamics of a species with a long pelagic larval dispersal period along the North American Atlantic and Gulf coasts.
Disentangling the historical routes to community assembly in the global epicentre of biodiversity
Authors: Reijenga Bouwe R. , Freeman Benjamin G. , Murrell David J. , Pigot Alex L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimThe exceptional turnover in biota with elevation and number of species coexisting at any elevation makes tropical mountains hotspots of biodiversity. However, understanding the historical processes through which species arising in geographical isolation (i.e. allopatry) assemble along the same mountain slope (i.e. sympatry) remains a major challenge. Multiple models have been proposed including (1) the sorting of already elevationally divergent species, (2) the displacement of elevation upon secondary contact, potentially followed by convergence, or (3) elevational conservatism, in which ancestral elevational ranges are retained. However, the relative contribution of these processes to generating patterns of elevational overlap and turnover is unknown.LocationTropical mountains of Central‐ and South‐America.Time PeriodThe last 12 myr.Major Taxa StudiedBirds.MethodsWe collate a dataset of 165 avian sister pairs containing estimates of phylogenetic age, geographical and regional elevational range overlap. We develop a framework based on continuous‐time Markov models to infer the relative frequency of different historical pathways in explaining present‐day overlap and turnover of sympatric species along elevational gradients.ResultsWe show that turnover of closely related bird species across elevation can predominantly be explained by displacement of elevation ranges upon contact (81%) rather than elevational divergence in allopatry (19%). In contrast, overlap along elevation gradients is primarily (88%) explained by conservatism of elevational ranges rather than displacement followed by elevational expansion (12%).Main ConclusionsBird communities across elevation gradients are assembled through a mix of processes, including the sorting, displacement and conservatism of species elevation ranges. The dominant role of conservatism in explaining co‐occurrence of species on mountain slopes rejects more complex scenarios requiring displacement followed by expansion. The ability of closely related species to coexist without elevational divergence provides a direct and faster pathway to sympatry and helps explain the exceptional species richness of tropical mountains.
Relationship between dysphagia and motor function in community‐dwelling older people
Authors: Sato Mari , Tominaga Ryoji , Kurita Noriaki , Sekiguchi Miho , Otani Koji , Konno Shin‐ichi , Oi Naoyuki 
Published: July 2023

AimDysphagia is a problem typically associated with aging. The aim was to investigate the relationship between dysphagia and motor function using a simple assessment method that can be performed in the community setting, and to promote the early detection and prevention of dysphagia.MethodsData from the Locomotive Syndrome and Health Outcome in Aizu Cohort Study (LOHAS) were used. Those aged ≥65 years were included. Motor function was assessed using a grip strength test, single limb standing test (SLS), and timed up and go test (TUG). Swallowing function was assessed using the Japanese version of the 10‐item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT‐10). The association between motor function and swallowing function was analyzed.ResultsIn total, 1732 participants were included. In logistic regression modes in which grip strength, SLS, and TUG results were included separately, the odds ratio for dysphagia increased by 1.08 (P = 0.001) for each 1‐kg decrease in grip strength, and increased by 1.15 (P < 0.001) for each 1‐s increase in TUG time. No association was found for SLS. In the model in which grip strength and TUG were included simultaneously, the odds ratio for dysphagia increased by 1.06 (P = 0.01) in grip strength, and increased by 1.11 (P = 0.009) in TUG time.ConclusionOur results suggest that skeletal muscle strength and dynamic balance function are associated with dysphagia in community‐dwelling older people. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 603–608.
Nutritional features of flour blends composed of durum wheat and lupin
Authors: Spina Alfio , Scarangella Michele , Canale Michele , Sanfilippo Rosalia , Giannone Virgilio , Summo Carmine , Pasqualone Antonella 
Published: July 2023

SummaryThis study aims to improve the nutritional characteristics of durum wheat re‐milled semolina by adding 3%, 7%, 10% and 15% lupin flour (Lupinus albus L.) (L For lupin protein concentrate (LPC) (Lupinus angustifolius L.). Lupin flour showed a high protein content (40.05 g/100 g), which further increased to 55.00 g/100 g in the protein concentrate. Compared to re‐milled semolina, the protein content of the flour blends significantly increased for additions of LPC ≥ 3% and LF ≥ 7%. The lysine score significantly increased at levels of addition of LF or LPC ≥ 7%. The addition of LF at levels ≥ 3% determined an increase of manganese and iron, while copper and zinc increased at addition levels ≥ 10%. The macroelements significantly increased with the addition of LF (at levels ≥ 3% for magnesium; ≥10% for potassium and calcium; ≥15% for phosphorous) and LPC (at levels ≥ 3% for potassium and magnesium and ≥10% for calcium). The obtained flour mixes are potentially suitable for the formulation of biofortified and functional foods.
Skilling marginalised or skills eco‐system, precarious workers and higher education—A case study of Roma in Liverpool, UK
Authors: Jolliffe Patricia , Collins Helen , Gold Jeff 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis qualitative case study explores the Human Resource Development (HRD) interventions utilised in respect of local eco‐skills with one marginalised group, the Roma, in the City of Liverpool, UK, and responds to HRD research calls into the cause of cycles of inequality. The case study illustrates the challenges experienced by precarious workers in accessing education and training. Further, it shares the interventions taken to address inequalities that a Higher EducationUK University and a local Non‐Government Organisation took between 2016 and 2019. Roma is among the UK and Europe's most disadvantaged and marginalised groups. Working in partnership, utilising Community‐Based Participatory Research, we developed three HRD interventions: stakeholder groups (adult and young Roma), motivational interviewing and employability/education events. The findings unpack an understudied experience and context: the need for more attention to developing skills at a local level for marginalised precarious workers. We found that aspiration grew through focused community support and a partnership approach, and educational opportunities emerged, albeit at a relatively slow pace. This paper ends with a call for action for more HRD educators to work with those at the margins of society.