bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Morphing Wall Flow Control by Traveling Waves over an Airfoil
Authors: Ogunka Uchenna E , Akbarzadeh Amir M , Borazjani Iman 
Published: January 2023

The main two mechanisms of morphing wall flow control are direct injection of momentum in the streamwise direction and indirect momentum transfer via triggering instabilities. Traveling waves have been shown to perform better than standing waves, probably because they can use both mechanisms. However, the relative importance of the two mechanisms is not known. To differentiate between the mechanisms, a range of parameters (frequency, amplitude, and starting location) at stall (15 deg angle of attack) and poststall (20 deg angle of attack) is tested using wall-resolved large-eddy simulations with a sharp-interface curvilinear immersed boundary method at a low Reynolds number of [Formula: see text] over a NACA0018 airfoil. The results of the simulations demonstrate that the flow is reattached within a range of nondimensional frequencies, actuation amplitudes, and starting locations of oscillation at the stall and poststall angles of attack. Significant lift enhancement and drag reduction are also observed within these ranges. The nondimensional frequency range at which the flow is reattached is found to be similar to the dominant nondimensional frequencies of leading-edge vortex shedding of the unactuated airfoil. These indicate that the indirect transfer of momentum is the dominant mechanism because direct injection of momentum increases with the increase of amplitude and frequency; that is, separation should reduce as they increase. Nevertheless, direct injection of momentum improves the performance relative to pure excitations of standing waves when instabilities are triggered.
Pelatihan, Pemberdayaan Wasit dan Dampaknya Terhadap Prestasi Atlet
Authors: Jaelani Rusani 
Published: January 2023

Pelatihan bagi Wasit merupakan salah satu upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap. Namun demikian pelatihan tanpa pemberdayaan tidaklah mungkin meningkatkan kinerja wasit dan berimbas pada prestasi atlet. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil pelatihan terhadap pemberdayaan dan prestasi olahraga serta dukungan dari pelatihan dan pemberdayaan dampaknya terhadap prestasi atlet. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survey dengan desain cross sectional survey. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pelatihan berpengaruh terhadap pemberdayaan dan prestasi atlet. Sedangkan pemberdayaan wasit tidak berpengaruh terhadap prestasi atlet. Pelatihan dan pengembangan merupakan salah satu upaya yang harus dilakukan oleh organisasi dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan kepribadian pada SDM yang terlibat di dalam pembinaan prestasi atlet. Pelatihan SDM mutlak diperlukan untuk semua SDM Keolahragaan bukan hanya untuk wasit karena peran seluruh SDM dalam mendukung prestasi atlet mutlak diperlukan.
Treatment with Markhamia tomentosa Benth. K. Schum prevents carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats
Authors: Temdie Romeo Joel Guemmogne , Jidibe Pierre , Galani Borris Rosnay Tietcheu , Vouffo Edwige Ymele Chiogo , Djasrane Arnaud Doumogne , Boumzina Emmanuel Le Fils Doumarsou , Sokeng Selestin Dongmo , Dimo Theophile 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Markhamia tomentosa (Bignoniaceae) is a medicinal plant with several pharmacological properties. However, its hepatoprotective effects have been little studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of the aqueous trunk bark extract of this plant against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in rat.

Material and Methods:
Thirty male albino Wistar rats were divided into six groups (five each) with Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 as negative (distilled water), normal (distilled water), positive (silymarin 25 mg/kg), and plant extract (50 mg/kg) controls, respectively. Groups 5 and 6 were used as test groups and were given plant extract (25 or 50 mg/kg, respectively). Rats were pretreated once a day for 14 days orally with different substances. CCl4 (0.5 mL/kg, i.p.) was administered on days 4 and 11 to all groups except Groups 1 and 4, to induce hepatitis. The rats were then sacrificed on day 15; liver functions and oxidative stress were assessed as well as histopathological changes.

Results:
M. tomentosa extract significantly and dose dependently decreased alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, and malondialdehyde values while increasing catalase, and glutathione values compared to the CCl4-treated group. Histological findings showed a reduction in necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver while the lumen of distal and proximal tubes was improved in the kidney by the plant extract. These results may be due to some of the major bioactives compounds found in the aqueous extract.

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that the aqueous extract of M. tomentosa may have liver protective effects through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, supporting thereby its ethnomedicinal uses.
Assessment of microbial strains contaminating the white coat of preclinical and clinical dental students – A comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Priya Bharathi P M , John Reena Rachel , Sam Nisha 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
The objective of the study was to identify the microbial strains contaminating the white coats of pre-clinical and clinical dental students through microbial culture from swabs of the coat. In addition, the study intended to create awareness regarding the contaminated attire among the students.

Materials and Methods:
The cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 students working in the clinical and preclinical labs in the institution. The microbial contamination on the white coat was assessed from swabs using blood agar and MacConkey agar standard techniques. A structured questionnaire was given to the participants to collect demographic data and details about their wearing habits, laundering habits, the habit of exchanging coats, and self-grading about the cleanliness of the white coats.

Results:
The white coats of the clinical students were more contaminated than preclinical students. Chest area 52% (n = 26) of preclinical students was less contaminated than clinical students 80% (n = 40). Gram-positive bacilli 24% (n = 12) were more predominant followed by Gram-negative Cocci 20% (n = 10) in white coats of the study participants.

Conclusion:
The authors concluded that the white coats of preclinical and clinical dental students were significantly contaminated with microbes. Although the awareness of microbial contamination of white coats among the dental students was high, their casual attitude to the coats being a mode of transmission of infection was observed. The study highlighted the importance of implementing government and institution protocols for coat hygiene.
Motivations for choosing dentistry as a career among dental students in Tanzania
Authors: Ndaki Gregory , Owibingire Sira Stanslaus , Sohal Karpal Singh 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:
Educators are interested in understanding motivations for choosing a career in the dental field, especially in the current era when there are several career paths to choose from. This study aimed to investigate the motivating factors given by dental students for selecting dentistry as a career in Tanzania.

Material and Methods:
A questionnaire was sent to 256 dental students to capture their sociodemographic characteristics and possible motives for choosing dentistry as a career. The motive/reasons were then grouped into four domains. ANOVA test was done to establish an association between sociodemographic characteristics and reasons for choosing dentistry and the P-value was set at <0.05.

Results:
Out of 256 registered students, 239 returned the filled questionnaires. Opportunities to work anywhere in the world, job and financial security, the opportunity to work with hands, and getting enough time for the family were the commonly agreed motives for choosing dentistry. The age, sex, and upbringing environment of the students had no significant association with the mean score of various domains of motives for choosing dentistry (P >0.05). The odds of selecting dentistry due to professional motives were 2 times higher among those who were in-service (OR = 0.444, 95% CI 0.267, 0.739) and were 3 times higher in those who were in clinical years (OR = 0.292, 95% CI 0.128, 0.666). The odds of selecting dentistry due to vocational motives among those who were in-service were 3 times higher (OR = 0.347, 95% CI 0.153, 0.786).

Conclusion:
The main motives for choosing dentistry as a carrier included the opportunity to work anywhere in the world, job and financial security, and getting enough time for the family.
Association between ABO blood group and COVID-19-positive patients in institutional-based hospital, Coimbatore – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Abhinaya Ananthakumar , Krishnapriya K. , Gowri S. , Dinakar J. , Ann Tryphena E. T 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread globally and caused 6.5 million death as of October 2022. Risk factors for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality include age, sex, smoking, hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, respiratory disease, and diabetes mellitus. Association between ABO blood groups and number of other infections or disease severity following infections such as SARS-COV-1 and hepatitis B virus has been reported. Rh(D) phenotype (positive and negative Rh blood types) is associated with very few diseases compared to ABO blood group. Various articles have reported the association of ABO blood group and COVID-19. Our aim was to investigate if any association exists in between ABO blood group with Rh phenotype and COVID-19 infection in Coimbatore and with the result an awareness among the public should be created to hasten the preventive measure from further encounter of the infection and help the government in taking a proactive approach to fight COVID-19 in the area. Thus, we conducted a study to find out the association between ABO blood group and COVID-19-positive (SARS-COV-2) patients in institutional-based hospital – Coimbatore which was one of the most affected districts in Tamil Nadu.

Materials and Methods:
This is a single-center, retrospective, observational, and cross-sectional study conducted in a private institutional-based hospital in Coimbatore. The data were collected from around 437 patients’ medical records, who were tested COVID-19-positive between October 2020 and November 2021 whose blood grouping was available as part of investigation. Data were analyzed statistically to correlate the association of ABO blood group, Rh phenotype, and COVID-19 infection.

Results:
In 437 COVID-19-infected patients, the ABO blood group displayed a percentage distribution for A, B, AB, and O at 19% (83), 35% (153), 8.5% (37), and 37.5% (164), respectively and 409 (93.6%) were Rh +ve. Among the patients, blood group O 164 (37.5%), followed by blood group B153 (35%) is observed to be significantly associated with COVID-19 susceptibility, whereas blood group A83 (19%) and AB 37(8.5%) showed lower susceptibility for COVID-19 infection.

Conclusion:
This study did not show any statistically significant association of ABO blood group and Rh phenotype seen in relation to COVID-19 infection.
Buddhist Cossacks: The Transformation of Traditional Culture in Modern Conditions
Authors: Адрианна Рамзановна Маргоева, 
Published: January 2023

Бурятское казачество, важным компонентом идентичности которого является буддизм, возникло в XVII в. и прошло долгий исторический путь. На рубеже XX-XXI вв. на фоне возрождения русского казачьего наследия наследие бурят-казаков остается без должного внимания. Несмотря на то что бурятское казачество формально прекратило свое существование в 1920-1930-х гг., буряты продолжили передавать казачью культуру внутри семьи. Культура эта не материальная, а скорее духовная и связана со стремлением служить государству и защищать его целостность. Однако сегодня буряты предпочтут служить в официальных государственных структурах, чем ассоциировать себя с современным казачеством. Кроме того, акцент на возрождение песенно-танцевальной культуры также не вызывает у потомственных бурят-казаков желания вступать в казачьи общества. Тем не менее, несмотря на определенные трудности, они стремятся отстоять свое право называться настоящими казаками.
The history of Buryat Cossacks traces back to the seventeenth century, and Buddhism always played a paramount role in its development. Against the background of the revival of the predominantly Russian Cossack heritage in the twentieth - twenty-first centuries the heritage of the Buryat Cossacks is under-researched, despite the fact that there is a similar process of renewal among Buryat Cossacks. Although the Cossack identity almost ceased to exist in the 1920s and 1930s, this group of Buryats continued to pass on Cossack culture within the family. This culture is not material, but spiritual, centered in the desire to serve the state and protect its integrity. However, today Buryats prefer to serve in official state structures rather than associate themselves with the Cossack movement. The interest in reviving traditional Cossack songs and dances do not make hereditary Buryat Cossacks want to join Cossack societies. Nevertheless, despite certain difficulties, they do strive to defend their right to be called true Cossacks.
Biographies of Evenks of Northern Buryatia (Based on the Materials of A. S. Shubin)
Authors: Владимир Леонидович Кляус, 
Published: January 2023

В статье обсуждается различие устоявшихся в фольклористике и этнологии подходов в использовании «биографического метода»: если при изучении устной словесности исследователи стараются максимально собрать биографические сведения об исполнителях, то для современных этнологических работ часто характерна «зашифровка» данных о респондентах. Особый случай представляют работы А. С. Шубина об эвенках Северной Бурятии, для которого биографии его респондентов и жизнеописания уже ушедших из жизни соплеменников были иллюстрацией изменений их традиционного образа жизни, происходивших в советскую эпоху
The article discusses the difference between well-established approaches in folklore and ethnology that use the “biographical method.” If in the study of oral literature researchers try to collect as much biographical information about the performers as possible, contemporary ethnographers “code” the data about the respondents. A special case is the work on the Evenks of North of Buryatia by A. S. Shubin, for whom the biographies of his respondents and the biographies of his fellow Evenks who had already passed away were used as an illustration of the changes in the traditional way of life that took place during the Soviet era.
PLANIFICACIÓN INTERACTIVA EN ESPACIOS TURÍSTICOS, BAJO EL ENFOQUE DE TERRITORIO EN EL CALLEJÓN DE HUAYLAS – PERU
Authors: Espinoza Maguiña Marcos Rosamel , Fuentes Delgado Gustavo Adolfo , Asnate Salazar Edwin Johny , Rondón Neglia Arturo Jaroslav 
Published: January 2023

El estudio trata sobre el análisis de la planificación interactiva en espacios turísticos, bajo el enfoque de territorio de la zona del callejón de Huaylas. Para abordar la complejidad de un territorio como el estudiado, se inició identificando las unidades de análisis que fueron los agentes del turismo que aplicaron una encuesta o line, en relación con las políticas de planificación, escalas de intervención municipal y métodos empleados en la planificación interactiva en el Callejón de Huaylas. El diseño es descriptivo-correlacional, no experimental y transversal. Se tomó un cuestionario online dada por la situación atípica del COVID-19, dirigido a 34 agentes que intervienen directa e indirectamente en los procesos de la planificación interactiva y el cual fue validado por 5 expertos. Para finalizar, se determinó que los procesos de la planificación interactiva con el enfoque de la planificación territorial en los espacios turísticos tienen una relación directa en la zona del callejón de Huaylas.
Correlation Between Wash and Stunting in Toddlers in Jember Regency
Authors: Ovika Maulida Artharini  , Candra Bumi  , Adistha Eka Noveyani  
Published: January 2023

Stunting in the working area of ​​the Jelbuk Public Health Center Jember Regency is high. In addition, the working area of ​​the Jelbuk Public Health Center is also in the second worst position in terms of access to sanitation facilities. This study aims to determine the relationship between water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) with stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months in the working area of ​​Jelbuk Public Health Center. The research was conducted from October 2021 to August 2022 using an observational analytic method with a case-control. The sample is 98 respondents consisting of 49 case samples and 49 control samples. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. They collected data using interviews, documentation studies, and observation. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis. The results showed that the variables that were related were sources of drinking water (p-value= 0,012 OR = 3,212 95% CI = 1,361-7,581), latrine access (p-value= 0,039 OR = 2,604 95% CI = 1,129-6,004), waste disposal (p-value= 0,009 OR=7,622 95% CI=1,605-36,186), sewerage (p-value=0,002 OR=4,111 95% CI=1,735-9,740), and mother's hand washing habits (p-value= 0,000 OR = 6,923 95% CI = 2,852-16,804), while drinking water treatment is not related (p-value= 0,068). The community is expected to be able to further improve the behavior of consuming protected drinking water sources by always cooking from the water they consume so that the potential for contamination can be minimized, carrying out proper waste disposal, and improving the habit of washing mother's hands using soap and running water at the recommended time.
Some Approaches to the Prediction of Permeability Parameters in a Finite Element Program for Early Warning
Authors: Mahannopkul Krairoj , Kanjanakul Chollada 
Published: January 2023

Recently, landslides often occurred in natural soil slopes in the tropical region, which correlate with the rainy season. Rainfall infiltration leads to groundwater level fluctuations. The increased positive pore-water pressures due to rainfall influence have affected the properties and behavior of the unsaturated soil slope. In this research, the Finite Element Method of SEEP/W and SLOPE/W analyzes the factor safety of the slope affected by pore water pressure change due to rainfall. The Soil Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC) and Hydraulic Conductivity function were obtained from sieve analysis and Atterberg's limit. In addition, unsaturated soil properties from the UNSODA code are estimated based on grain-size distribution using the SWRC program. The study area is in Khanom District, southern Thailand. The results show that the soil slope at the site became unstable on November 18, 2021, with F.S. = 1.0, which agrees well with the date of the disaster. In conclusion, the slope stability analysis without the parameters from the unsaturated soil hydraulic database (UNSODA) leads to the F.S. value being higher than the actual value, and the alarm estimation would be inaccurate. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-12-014 Full Text: PDF
Analysing the Effect of Cassava Flour as a Mixture on the Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Properties of High-Strength Concrete
Authors: Adam Marwa Gumma Omer , Koteng David O. , Thuo Joseph Ng’ang’a , Matallah Mohammed 
Published: January 2023

The availability, cost, and environmental impact of chemical admixtures are reduced when natural substitute materials are incorporated into the concrete as an admixture. This paper outlines the findings of a study that looked at the physical characteristics of fresh and hardened concrete made with Portland pozzolanic cement CEM II/B-P blended with cassava flour up to 5% by weight of cement. A low water/binder ratio of 0.35 was used together with a carboxylate-based superplasticizing admixture to produce high strength. In fresh-state concrete, the initial and final setting times, soundness, and consistency were found to increase with increased cassava flour content, whereas the compacting factor and slump were observed to decrease. In the hardened state, compressive strengths were determined at 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 90 days, while split tensile and flexural strengths were investigated at 28 days. Similarly, dry density and porosity were also investigated at 28 days. Water absorption was also studied as a potential indicator of durability in hardened concrete. Scanning electron microscopy characterization of cassava flour revealed porous particles of irregular shape. On the other hand, X-ray diffraction imaging showed that the primary chemicals in cassava flour are silicon dioxide (50%), calcium oxide (17%), and aluminium oxide (7%). All of the mixes that incorporated cassava flour were stronger than the control mix, with the 3% cassava flour combination producing the best results. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-12-015 Full Text: PDF
Study of Pedestal Column Foundation of Heater Structures After a Fire Accident
Authors: Handayani Tri , Triwinanto Puguh 
Published: January 2023

This paper has presented the study of concrete experiencing the fire of the pedestal column of the heater foundation structure after the fire accident. . The evaluation was done with the analytical method, which was conducted to find out the actual condition of an existing structure. Structure or components of the structure are categorized as a safe condition; if its design strength is greater or equal to the required strength or ORn >= Ru. Evaluation of the pedestal column structure with the analytical method was done by visual inspection, concrete quality inspection, cracking depth inspection, structural analysis with the finite element software and strength calculation of structure according to the requirement of SNI 2847 2013. The equipment used for concrete quality inspection is Digischmidt Hammer and PUNDIT. The result showed that there was a degradation of the concrete quality of less than 15%. However, with this condition, all of the pedestal column structures are still in a safe condition in receiving the load operation.
Keywords: Concrete experiencing a fire, Concrete evaluation, Pedestal column, Required strength, Design strength.