bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a time‐resolved fluorescent immunochromatographic test for simultaneous detection of norfloxacin and sulfamethazine in pork samples through green pretreatment
Authors: Chen Junjun , Lin Qinlu , Chen Yanni 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA sensitive time‐resolved fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic strip test (TRFM‐ICST) was established for the simultaneously rapid detection of norfloxacin (NOR) and sulfamethazine (SM2) in pork samples. Time‐resolved fluorescent europium (III) enclosed polystyrene microspheres conjugated with monoclonal antibody were used as probe to fulfill the analysis. Meanwhile, a green pretreatment system without organic solvent was developed for pork samples. Pork samples were processed by extracting buffer [citric acid buffer (0.01 M, pH 4.4) containing 2% (vol/vol) of Tween‐20 and 2% (wt/vol) of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (mass weight = 10,000)] and diluting buffer [phosphate buffered solution (0.01 M, pH 7.2) containing 1% (wt/vol) of Tween‐20 and 1% (wt/vol) of polyethylene glycol (mass weight = 400)]. The working range of TRFM‐ICST for NOR and SM2 in pork samples was 2.74–18.70 and 0.49–3.02 μg kg−1, respectively. Negative pork samples spiked with NOR and SM2 were detected by established TRFM‐ICST and high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The linear regression analysis yielded a good correlation between TRFM‐ICST and HPLC (Y = 0.9309X + 0.039, R2 = .9965, relative standard deviation (RSD) = 1.95%). The recovery of NOR and SM2 in pork samples was 94.1–114.4 and 93.0–102.0%, respectively, illustrating the proposed TRFM‐ICST can be applied for screening of high throughput pork samples.
Preparing Black and Latinx children for police encounters: Caregiver response profiles and child self‐regulation
Authors: Osborne Kimberly R. , Smith‐Bynum Mia A. , Walsdorf Ashley A. , Anderson Leslie A. , O'Brien Caughy Margaret 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe hypothesized that the goodness‐of‐fit between profiles of observed, caregiver‐provided ethnic–racial socialization (ERS), and child self‐regulation (i.e., inhibitory control) would differentially associate with child behavioral outcomes. Conversations between 80 caregivers (45% Latinx; 55% Black) and their children (M age = 11.09; 46% female) were rated for ERS. Measures included an inhibitory control composite (ages 2.5–3.5) and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; age 12). Three profiles were determined: Comprehensive (n = 34), Reactive (n = 8), and Pragmatic (n = 38). Only youth with low inhibitory control in preschool appeared to benefit from Pragmatic ERS, whereas youth with normative or high inhibitory control in early childhood displayed lower internalizing and externalizing behaviors when they had Comprehensive or Reactive rather than Pragmatic caregivers.
Growth and optimal policies in an R&D‐growth model with imperfect international capital mobility
Authors: Hu Mei‐ying , Chen Ping‐ho , Chu Hsun , Lai Ching‐chong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the effects of international capital mobility on innovation, growth, and optimal growth policies in a small open economy with R&D‐driven growth. Households can borrow funds from an imperfect international capital market to finance their investment in R&D firms. We show that the economy can reach a higher growth rate if international capital is more mobile. This result is consistent with recent empirical findings. Moreover, we show that the common growth‐enhancing policies, such as patent protection and the R&D subsidies, have an additional negative welfare effect when households can access the international capital market. Accordingly, the optimal patent protection and R&D subsidy should be smaller when the degree of international capital mobility is higher.
The Winchcombe meteorite—A regolith breccia from a rubble pile CM chondrite asteroid
Authors: Suttle M. D. , Daly L. , Jones R. H. , Jenkins L. , van Ginneken M. , Mitchell J. T. , Bridges J. C. , Hicks L. J. , Johnson D. , Rollinson G. , Taylor R. , Genge M. J. , Schröder C. , Trimby P. , Mansour H. , Piazolo S. , Bonsall E. , Salge T. , Heard R. , Findlay R. , King A. J. , Bates H. C. , Lee M. R. , Stephen N. R. , Willcocks F. M. , Greenwood R. C. , Franchi I. A. , Russell S. S. , Harrison C. S. , Schofield P. F. , Almeida N. V. , Floyd C. , Martin P.‐E. , Joy K. H. , Wozniakiewicz P. J. , Hallatt D. , Burchell M. J. , Alesbrook L. S. , Spathis V. , Cornwell L. T. , Dignam A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Winchcombe meteorite is a CM chondrite breccia composed of eight distinct lithological units plus a cataclastic matrix. The degree of aqueous alteration varies between intensely altered CM2.0 and moderately altered CM2.6. Although no lithology dominates, three heavily altered rock types (CM2.1–2.3) represent >70 area%. Tochilinite–cronstedtite intergrowths (TCIs) are common in several lithologies. Their compositions can vary significantly, even within a single lithology, which can prevent a clear assessment of alteration extent if only TCI composition is considered. We suggest that this is due to early alteration under localized geochemical microenvironments creating a diversity of compositions and because later reprocessing was incomplete, leaving a record of the parent body's fluid history. In Winchcombe, the fragments of primary accretionary rock are held within a cataclastic matrix (~15 area%). This material is impact‐derived fallback debris. Its grain size and texture suggest that the disruption of the original parent asteroid responded by intergranular fracture at grain sizes <100 μm, while larger phases, such as whole chondrules, splintered apart. Re‐accretion formed a poorly lithified body. During atmospheric entry, the Winchcombe meteoroid broke apart with new fractures preferentially cutting through the weaker cataclastic matrix and separating the breccia into its component clasts. The strength of the cataclastic matrix imparts a control on the survival of CM chondrite meteoroids. Winchcombe's unweathered state and diversity of lithologies make it an ideal sample for exploring the geological history of the CM chondrite group.
Zcf24, a zinc‐finger transcription factor, is required for lactate catabolism and inhibits commensalism in Candida albicans
Authors: Sun Qiangqiang , Dong Bin , Yang Dandan , Yu Jing , Ren Tianhao , Wang Tianxu , Yang Lianjuan , Lu Yang , Su Chang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCandida albicans is a normal resident of humans and also a prevalent fungal pathogen. Lactate, a nonfermentative carbon source available in numerous anatomical niches, can be used by C. albicans as a carbon source. However, the key regulator(s) involved in this process remain unknown. Here, through a genetic screen, we report the identification of a transcription factor Zcf24 that is specifically required for lactate utilization in C. albicans. Zcf24 is responsible for the induction of CYB2, a gene encoding lactate dehydrogenase that is essential for lactate catabolism, in response to lactate. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed a significantly higher signal of Zcf24 on the CYB2 promoter in lactate‐grown cells than that in glucose‐grown cells. Genome‐wide transcription profiling indicates that, in addition to CYB2, Zcf24 regulates genes involved in the β‐oxidation of fatty acids, iron transport, and drug transport. Surprisingly, deleting ZCF24 confers enhanced commensal fitness. This could be attributed to Crz1‐activated β‐glucan masking in the zcf24 mutant. The orthologs of Zcf24 are distributed in species most closely to C. albicans and some filamentous fungal species. Altogether, Zcf24 is the first transcription factor identified to date that regulates lactate catabolism in C. albicans and it is also involved in the regulation of commensalism.
Assessment model of rainwater resource utilization and influencing factors in arid and semiarid areas
Authors: Zhang Xingyuan , Li Fawen , Yuan Ximin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractArid and semiarid areas generally face problems of natural resource degradation. In this paper, two indicators are proposed to characterize the utilization of rainwater: rainwater resource utilization quantity (RRU, mm) and rainwater resource utilization rate (RRUR, dimensionless ratio). A spatiotemporal assessment model (rainwater utilization assessment [RUA] model) for the RRUR and its influencing factors is constructed. The RUA model is based on Soil and Water Assessment Tool and Geographically Temporal Weighted Regression. The Zuli River Basin, located on the Loess Plateau in China, was selected as the study basin. The results show that the annual averages of the RRU and RRUR are 164 mm and 0.44, respectively, in the study basin. The RRU ranged from 71.4 to 243.2 mm, and the RRUR ranged from 0.32 to 0.53 during the evaluation period. Eight explanatory variables were selected, of which the leaf area index (LAI) and rainfall had a significant positive effect on RRUR, but there was spatial and temporal variability in the effects. The forest rehabilitation and crop rotations that can increase the LAI can effectively increase the RRUR, which increased by 0.10 and 0.11, respectively, and the increase in RRU was at least 36.42 mm, with a water volume of 3.85 × 108 m3. The impact of grassland rehabilitation and parallel terracing on the RRUR was small. We found that there is an interval effect and a threshold effect on rainfall utilization in the basin. The interval effect causes the RRUR to fluctuate within a certain range for rainfall intervals of 300–400 or 400–500 mm (Zuli River Basin). Threshold effects can guide the determination of the potential for rainwater utilization in different areas to ensure that the RRUR can be effectively enhanced with management measures.Recommendations for Resource Managers

We have constructed an assessment model of rainwater resource utilization (RRU) and influencing factors.
We have proposed two evaluation indices based on water balance, namely, the RRU quantity and rainwater resource utilization rate (RRUR).
The leaf area index of vegetation is the most important influence on rainwater utilization, and the more severe the drought is, the more effective the regulation of water cycle processes by vegetation.
The interval effect causes uncertainty in the RRUR for a certain interval of rainfall, with the RRUR fluctuating within a defined range.
The threshold effect can guide us in determining the potential for rainwater utilization, and areas where the current RRUR is below the threshold can take management measures to ensure that the RRUR can be effectively increased.
Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn: A retrospective study of 32 infants and care algorithm
Authors: Siegel Liza H. , Fraile Alonso Carmen , Tuazon Camelia Faye R. , Mancini Anthony J. , Kruse Lacey L. , Miller Jennifer L. , Wagner Annette M. , Yun Duri , Kenner‐Bell Brandi M. , Paller Amy S. , Chamlin Sarah L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical and laboratory outcomes of infants with subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (SCFN) and propose a care algorithm.MethodsThis single‐center, retrospective study of infants diagnosed with SCFN at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago from 2009 to 2019.ResultsOf 32 infants who met inclusion criteria, most were born full‐term (84%), born via cesarean section (58%), had normal weight for gestational age (69%), and experienced delivery complications (53%). Twenty‐nine infants (91%) had calcium drawn, and all had hypercalcemia. Three infants developed clinical symptoms of hypercalcemia, two required hospital admission, two developed nephrocalcinosis, and one developed acute kidney injury. The majority of infants (62%) had a peak ionized calcium between 1.5 and 1.6 mmol/L. No infants with peak ionized calcium less than 1.5 mmol/L developed complications of hypercalcemia. Most patients were diagnosed with hypercalcemia (86%) and demonstrated peak ionized calcium levels (59%) within the first 28 days of life. No patients developed hypercalcemia after 3 months of age.ConclusionHypercalcemia occurred in 100% of infants who had laboratory monitoring. We recommend obtaining an initial ionized calcium level when SCFN is suspected, and monitoring for the first 3 months of life if hypercalcemia has not been detected. In patients with asymptomatic hypercalcemia less than 1.5 mmol/L, there appears to be low likelihood of related complications. For symptomatic, markedly elevated (>1.6 mmol/L), or persistently elevated levels (>6 months) we suggest coordinated care with endocrinology or nephrology, consider hospitalization, and urinary system ultrasound.
Potassium ameliorates cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber length by regulating osmotic and K+/Na+ homeostasis under salt stress
Authors: Yu Kai , Ju Feiyan , Wang Zhuo , Sun Liyuan , Huo Yuyang , Zhu Junjun , Pang Jiali , Ali Saif , Chen Weiping , Wang Shanshan , Zhou Zhiguo , Tang Qiuxiang , Chen Binglin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPotassium (K) application can alleviate cotton salt stress, but the regulatory mechanisms affecting cotton fiber elongation and ion homeostasis are still unclear. A two‐year field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of K on the osmolyte contents (soluble sugar, K+ content, and malate) and related enzyme activities during the fiber elongation of two cotton cultivars with contrasting salt sensitivity (CCRI‐79; salt tolerant cultivar, and Simian 3; salt‐sensitive cultivar). Three K application treatments (0, 150, and 300 kg K2O ha−1) were applied at three soil salinity levels (low salinity, EC = 1.73 ± 0.05 dS m−1; medium salinity, EC = 6.32 ± 0.10 dS m−1; high salinity, EC = 10.84 ± 0.24 dS m−1). K application improved fiber length and alleviated salt stress by increasing the maximum velocity of fiber elongation (Vmax). The increase rate of K on fiber length decreased with elevating salt stress, and the increase rate of K on Vmax of CCRI‐79 was greater than that of Simian3. K application can increase the enzyme activities (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, PEPC, E.C. 4.1.1.31; pyrophosphatase, PPase, E.C. 3.6.1.1; and plasma membrane H+‐ATPase, PM H+‐ATPase, E.C. 3.6.3.14) as well as the content of osmolytes associated with the enzymes mentioned above. K increased the osmolyte contents under salt stress, and the increase in the K+ content of the fibers was much higher than that of soluble sugar and malate. The results of this study indicated K fertilizer application rates regulate the metabolism of osmolytes in cotton fiber development under salt stress, K+ is more critical to fiber elongation.
Mechanisms of cold‐induced immunity in plants
Authors: Sasaki Kentaro , Imai Ryozo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOverwintering plants acquire substantial levels of freezing tolerance through cold acclimation or winter hardening. This process is essential for the plants survival to harsh winter conditions. In the areas where persistent snow cover lasts several months, plants are protected from freezing but are, however, exposed to other harsh conditions, such as dark, cold, and high humidity. These conditions facilitate the infection of psychrophilic pathogens, which are termed “snow molds.” To fight against infection of snow molds, overwintering plants develop disease resistance via the process of cold acclimation. Compared with pathogen‐induced disease resistance, the molecular mechanisms of cold‐induced disease resistance have yet to be fully elucidated. In this review, we outline the recent progress in our understanding of disease resistance acquired through cold acclimation.
Pain and gain: Monetary incentive moderates pain's impact on effort‐related cardiac response
Authors: Cancela Tamara , Gendolla Guido H. E. , Silvestrini Nicolas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAmple evidence suggests that pain leads to additional demand in cognitive functioning, presumably due to its negative affective component and its propensity to capture attention. To highlight the role of motivational incentive, two experiments tested the combined effect of pain and monetary incentive on effort‐related cardiovascular response during cognitive performance. In both studies, healthy volunteers received individually adjusted painful or nonpainful thermal stimulations during a difficult cognitive task (4‐back task in Experiment 1; short‐term memory task in Experiment 2) and expected high (12 Swiss Francs in both experiments) or low monetary incentive (1 Swiss Franc in Experiment 1; 0.10 Swiss Francs in Experiment 2) for successful performance. Effort was primarily assessed as changes in cardiac pre‐ejection period (PEP). We predicted pain to increase subjective task difficulty during cognitive performance. Moreover, according to motivational intensity theory, we expected this to increase effort only when high effort was justified by high monetary incentive. Correspondingly, pain should lead to low effort (disengagement) when monetary incentive was low. Effort in the nonpainful conditions was expected to fall in between these conditions. The results of both studies support our predictions. Our findings provide the first evidence for the moderating effect of monetary incentive on physical pain's impact on effort‐related cardiovascular response. Accordingly, motivational incentives can counteract effort deficits associated with pain.
Do insurers adjust prices for the adoption of loss prevention technologies? Evidence from Danish municipal contracts
Authors: Sølvsten Simon , Kaiser Brooks 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUsing data from 40 Danish municipalities on building characteristics, loss prevention technologies, insurance claims, and insurance bids from 2008 to 2019, we investigate whether and how loss prevention technologies influenced contract prices. The insurance bids cover a variety of municipal buildings across a range of risks including fire, water leakage, and building security as well as structure detection and alarm systems. The study shows that the magnitude of historical claims may affect both pricing offers and interest in loss prevention technologies. We do not find that loss prevention technologies have any significant influence on contract price. This suggests inefficiencies in the market from imperfect information.
Oral health status and dental anomalies among children with congenital heart disease in contemporary times
Authors: Sethi Megha , Sood Shveta , Sharma Naresh , Singh Akshara , Sharma Pooja , Kukshal Prachi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsThe aim of the study was to assess the oral health, hygiene status, and prevalence of dental anomalies in children suffering from congenital heart disease (CHD).Material and methodsThe study was conducted on 300 children, aged 2–16 years, diagnosed with CHD.ResultsOverall, the oral health status of the children with CHD was found to be poor in this study. The prevalence of caries was found to be 56.7%. It was significantly higher in children with acyanotic CHD compared to cyanotic CHD. Mean DMFT was 0.6 ± 1.6. Mean Debris index was 0.8 ± 0.9. Mean calculus index was 0.3 ± 0.6. The prevalence of dental anomalies was 9%. Most common anomaly was enamel opacities/hypoplasia (8.0%) followed by hypodonita (0.7%) and fusion (0.3%). The mean dmft score and Calculus Index were found to be significantly higher in cyanotic CHD group compared to acyanotic CHD group. Prevalence of caries, Debris Index, Calculus Index, and Oral Health Index were found to be increasing with increasing age (> 5 vs. < 5 years).ConclusionOverall, the oral health status of the children with CHD was found to be poor in this study.
Significance of Coal-Ash Fusing Temperature in the Light of Recent Furnace Studies
Authors: Bailey E. G. , Ely F. G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper reviews recent data relating to the fusing temperature of coal ash as well as of ash and slag from pulverized-coal-fired furnaces of both slag-tap and dry-ash-removal types. The highly oxidizing conditions in parts of both types of furnaces and the effect upon the slag-and-ash formation cause questions to be raised regarding the greatest usefulness of the present A.S.T.M. standard fusing-temperature method on a reducing atmosphere alone. Previous work of the Bureau of Mines is confirmed in showing that the form of the iron, whether ferrous or ferric, is of increasing importance with increased iron content. The paper also gives data showing the appreciably higher percentage of iron in the furnace ash and slag over the iron content in the coal ash burned. This increase applies to both dry-ash and slag-tap types of furnaces. More research is needed in both plant and laboratory.
Accurate Prediction of Transport Coefficients of an Evaporating Liquid Drop
Authors: Pal Ashwani Kumar , Biswas Gautam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Numerical simulations were carried out to study the evaporation of a drop that is released into a parallel stream of fluid at a higher temperature. A coupled level-set and volume-of-fluid (CLSVOF) interface capturing method was deployed to capture the dynamic interface between the drop liquid and the surrounding fluid. Modified forms of mass, momentum, and energy equations were solved together with the species concentration equation. The pressure jump at the interface was handled by accurate estimation of the continuum surface force. The jumps in mass and energy at the interface were carefully resolved by considering appropriate source terms in the continuity and energy equations. At the interface, the procedure of velocity computation was incorporated by extending the liquid-phase velocity onto the entire domain and by calculating the Stefan flow to predict the interface velocity accurately. The calculation of the velocity using this step leads to the exact estimation of mass transfer through the interface. The model was validated against both temperature gradient-based and vapor mass concentration gradient-based evaporation test cases. Temporal histories of the average Nusselt number and Sherwood number during the lifetime of an evaporating drop were predicted in terms of the pertinent input parameters, namely, Reynolds number, Prandtl number, and Schmidt number.
On the Stability and Control of Two-Dimensional Channel Flow
Authors: Essa A. , Ibrahim Mohammed K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A direct numerical simulation is used to solve the two-dimensional plane Poiseuille flow for three different stability cases; specifically, they are a supercritical case at a Reynolds number of 10,000, a critical-stable case at a Reynolds number of 5772.22, and subcritical case at a Reynolds number of 1000. The perturbations are developed using the eigenfunctions of Orr–Sommerfeld equation's solution. In many applications, the flow was required to be fully laminar. As a result, a model-based controller is developed for stabilizing the flow field using unsteady strong suction and blowing technique, through distributed slots on the two walls of the channel. This technique is introduced to cancel the propagating wave in the boundary-layers near the two walls. Promising results are achieved for the unstable and critical-stable cases. The stable case is tested. Slight improvements in its growth rate are recorded. In turn, a faster response for the flow field is achieved.