bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inheritance of growth habit in einkorn wheat
Authors: Fu Hao , Bohuslavskyi R. L. 
Published: February 2023

Aim. Find out the inheritance patterns of the trait “winterness / springness” in hybrids between representatives of einkorn wheat species. Methods. Crossings were carried out using the “single cross” method. The nature of inheritance of the growth habit was determined using hybridological analysis. Results. It has been shown that in the hybrids of wild wheat forms T. boeoticum and T. urartu with cultivated T monococcum and T. sinskajae, the winter growth habit of wild forms dominates over the spring one of cultivated forms. Differences in “winterness / springness” phenotype between parental forms in crosses of T.monococcum var. macedonicum with T.urartu var. spontaneorubrum and T.boeoticum var. bicolor; T.sinskajae var. sinskajae with T.urartu var. spontaneorubrum and T.boeoticum var. thaoudar; T.boeoticum var. thaoudar with T.monococcum var. monococcum, T.sinskajae var. sinskajae and T.monococcum var. macedonicum; T.boeoticum var. kurbagalensense with T.sinskajae var. sinskajae and T.monococcum var. monococcum are controlled by a single gene. The difference between the two wild forms in crossing T.boeoticum var. thaoudar × T.boeoticum var. kurbagalensense is controlled by two genes. In the crosses T.boeoticum var. thaoudar with T.monococcum var. monococcum, T.sinskajae var. sinskajae and T.monococcum var. macedonicum; T.boeoticum var. kurbagalensense × T.sinskajae var. sinskajae, the parental forms also differ digenously. Conclusions. Winterness of einkorn wheat wild forms dominates over the springness of cultivated forms. The difference in the growth habit between the studied einkorn forms is due to differences in 1 – 2 pairs of genes.
Knowledge, attitudes, and associated factors of caregivers towards children with autism spectrum disorder in East Coast Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Kaman Nurkhaniza , Ishak Azlina , Muhammad Juliawati 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundCaregivers are directly involved in managing the daily basic needs of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The knowledge and attitudes of these caregivers are important to achieving success in their roles. Thus, this study aimed to determine what constitutes good knowledge, attitudes, and associated factors among caregivers toward children with ASD.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 128 caregivers of children with ASD in Kota Bharu, Kelantan from May to August 2020, using convenience sampling. Validated questionnaires were used to assess the knowledge and attitudes toward children with ASD. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 24. Descriptive statistics and simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were then performed.ResultsThe response rate was 100%. The proportion of good knowledge and attitudes toward children with ASD among caregivers was 85.1% and 88.3%, respectively. Factors significantly associated with good knowledge were being female (OR (95% CI) 2.79 [0.99–7.90]) and ASD children being non-first-born children (OR (95% CI) 0.41 [0.15–1.12]). Factors significantly associated with good attitudes were age of 30 years and older (OR (95% CI) 0.13 [0.03–0.62]) and caregiver having other children with other types of learning difficulties (OR (95% CI) 0.15 [0.04, 0.52]).ConclusionsThe proportion of caregivers with good knowledge of ASD and good attitudes toward children with ASD was high. The caregiver’s age and sex, the position of the ASD child among the siblings, and the presence of other types of learning disorders in the family need to be considered when managing children with ASD.
Fat and Protein Composition and Consumer Accepatbility of Modified Thai Ice Tea (CHA-YEN)
Authors: Tasir Luthfiah a, , Mursida . , Makkulawu Andi Ridwan , Hasniar . 
Published: February 2023

Aims: Thai tea is known as Thai ice or "Cha-yen". Apart from Cha Yen or Ceylon other ingredients that may be added to Thai tea are orange water, star anise, sour seeds or red and yellow food coloring and sometimes there are also those who add spices. The purpose of this study is to design a green tea mocca flavor variant that consumers like and combine the green tea mocca flavor variant with seaweed toppings and to find out the proximates and food safety aspects (dyes) of contemporary ice drinks, namely green tea mocca.
Place and Duration: This research was analyzed at the Makassar Health Laboratory Center from January, 5 to February, 5, 2023.
Study Design: The study (proximate test) was processed descriptively where data was taken from 2 different cafes and then asked to make a taste whose composition and volume comparison had been determined by the researcher. While the sensory test uses an independent T-test. The research data were analysed using analysis of variance (SPSS version 20).Research parameters are color and nutritional value (rotein and fat) with treatment A1 : hot tea : sweetened condensed milk : Mocca = 50 ml : 12 ml : 15 grams, A2 : hot tea : sweetened condensed milk = 50 ml : 18 ml : 15 grams and A3 = hot tea : sweetened condensed milk : Mocca = 50 ml : 24 ml : 15 grams.
Results: The research result of the addition of differenton sweetened condensed milk gave different proximate test result. The average protein and fat content was the A1 treatment = fat content 0.35% and protein content 0.70%, treatment A2 = fat content 0.36% and protein content 0.80% while A3 = fat content 0.36% and protein content 0.87%. While the sensory test the more sweetened condensed milk given the bitter taste of the mocca cafee the less the thai-tea drink. So that the higher the addition of sweetened condensed milk (A3=24 ml) the more the panelist liked it.
Conclusion: The color combination of the two cafes that compose or design colors is very attractive (25 panelists). While the sensory test the more sweetened condensed milk given the bitter taste of the mocca cafee the less the thai-tea drink. So that the higher the addition of sweetened condensed milk (A3=24 ml) the more the panelist liked it. Proximate quality A3 = fat content 0.36% and protein content 0.87% Food safety analysis for color also gives safe results (qualitatively negative) and is allowed.
Spatio-Temporal Changes in Cropping Pattern in the State of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Verma B. L. , Kumawat R. C. , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: February 2023

This study was carried out in the state of Rajasthan, India. Four major crop groups viz; cereals (pearlmillet, maize and wheat), pulses (moong bean, moth bean, kharif pulses and gram), oilseeds (soyabean and rapeseed and mustard) and others (cotton and clusterbean) were selected for analysis. All crops in the above groups with 5% or more area under cultivation in a district were chosen. The districts were selected on the basis of last five years average (2005-06 to 2009-10 Secondary data were collected from published records and reports of the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Rajasthan, Jaipur and official website of Rajasthan Agriculture Department www.krishi.rajasthan.gov.in.
The study period encompassed a duration of 58 years starting from; 1956-57 to 2014-15. The data were also analyzed for twelve different periods by using Markov chain analysis technique for studying the change in cropping pattern.
The study results revealed that the bajra crop was almost stable and cotton crop (except during-2000 to 2005) highly unstable with no retention of their previous area over the periods in the state of Rajasthan, but acreage of the crops was continuously shifting from one crop to another crop throughout the period. However, crops like kharif pulses, wheat, clusterbean, soyabean and mustard had more retention as compared to gram, cotton and maize during-1956- 57 to 2014-15 indicating its stability in the state.
Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Leichsenring Falk , Heim Nikolas , Leweke Frank , Spitzer Carsten , Steinert Christiane , Kernberg Otto F. 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceBorderline personality disorder (BPD) affects approximately 0.7% to 2.7% of adults in the US. The disorder is associated with considerable social and vocational impairments and greater use of medical services.ObservationsBorderline personality disorder is characterized by sudden shifts in identity, interpersonal relationships, and affect, as well as by impulsive behavior, periodic intense anger, feelings of emptiness, suicidal behavior, self-mutilation, transient, stress-related paranoid ideation, and severe dissociative symptoms (eg, experience of unreality of one’s self or surroundings). Borderline personality disorder is typically diagnosed by a mental health specialist using semistructured interviews. Most people with BPD have coexisting mental disorders such as mood disorders (ie, major depression or bipolar disorder) (83%), anxiety disorders (85%), or substance use disorders (78%). The etiology of BPD is related to both genetic factors and adverse childhood experiences, such as sexual and physical abuse. Psychotherapy is the treatment of choice for BPD. Psychotherapy such as dialectical behavior therapy and psychodynamic therapy reduce symptom severity more than usual care, with medium effect sizes (standardized mean difference) between −0.60 and −0.65. There is no evidence that any psychoactive medication consistently improves core symptoms of BPD. For discrete and severe comorbid mental disorders, eg, major depression, pharmacotherapy such as the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors escitalopram, sertraline, or fluoxetine may be prescribed. For short-term treatment of acute crisis in BPD, consisting of suicidal behavior or ideation, extreme anxiety, psychotic episodes, or other extreme behavior likely to endanger a patient or others, crisis management is required, which may include prescription of low-potency antipsychotics (eg, quetiapine) or off-label use of sedative antihistamines (eg, promethazine). These drugs are preferred over benzodiazepines such as diazepam or lorazepam.Conclusions and RelevanceBorderline personality disorder affects approximately 0.7% to 2.7% of adults and is associated with functional impairment and greater use of medical services. Psychotherapy with dialectical behavior therapy and psychodynamic therapy are first-line therapies for BPD, while psychoactive medications do not improve the primary symptoms of BPD.
Sustained Release of BMSC‐EVs from 3D Printing Gel/HA/nHAP Scaffolds for Promoting Bone Regeneration in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Yang Tingting , Dong Yunsheng , Wan Jinpeng , Liu Xiangsheng , Liu Yufei , Huang Jiaxing , Zhou Jie , Xiao Hui , Tang Lizong , Wang Yanying , Wang Shufang , Cai Hong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in intercellular communication, and the function of EVs mainly depends on the state of source cells. To determine the effect of diabetic microenvironment on EVs secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), this work explores the effect of normal glucose (5.5 mm) cultured BMSCs derived EVs (NG‐EVs) and high glucose (30 mm) cultured BMSCs derived EVs (HG‐EVs) in regulating the migration, proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. In order to improve the bioavailability of EVs, this work constructs a sustained release system of polydopamine (PDA) functionalized 3D printing gelatin/hyaluronic acid/nano‐hydroxyapatite (Gel/HA/nHAP) scaffolds (S/PDA) and verifies its function in the calvarial defect model of diabetic rats. This work confirms that both NG‐EVs and HG‐EVs can promote proliferation and migration, inhibit apoptosis and promote osteogenic differentiation, but the function of HG‐EVs is weaker than that of NG‐EVs. Therefore, EVs secreted by autologous cells of diabetic patients are not suitable for self‐repair. This work hopes that the 3D printing scaffold designed for sustained‐release EVs will provide a new strategy for acellular tissue engineering bone repair in diabetic patients.
Geometric Tuning of Single‐Atom FeN4 Sites via Edge‐Generation Enhances Multi‐Enzymatic Properties
Authors: Kim Kang , Lee Jaewoo , Park Ok Kyu , Kim Jongseung , Kim Jiheon , Lee Donghyun , Paidi Vinod K. , Jung Euiyeon , Lee Hyeon Seok , Lee Bowon , Lee Chan Woo , Ko Wonjae , Lee Kangjae , Jung Yoon , Lee Changha , Lee Nohyun , Back Seoin , Choi Seung Hong , Hyeon Taeghwan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSingle‐atom nanozymes (SAzymes) are considered promising alternatives to natural enzymes. The catalytic performance of SAzymes featuring homogeneous, well‐defined active structures can be enhanced through elucidating structure‐activity relationship and tailoring physicochemical properties. However, manipulating enzymatic properties through structural variation is an underdeveloped approach. Herein, the synthesis of edge‐rich Fe single‐atom nanozymes (FeNC‐edge) via an H2O2‐mediated edge generation is reported. By controlling the number of edge sites, the peroxidase (POD)‐ and oxidase (OXD)‐like performance is significantly enhanced. The activity enhancement results from the presence of abundant edges, which provide new anchoring sites to mononuclear Fe. Experimental results combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that FeN4 moieties in the edge sites display high electron density of Fe atoms and open N atoms. Finally, it is demonstrated that FeNC‐edge nanozyme effectively inhibits tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that edge‐tailoring is an efficient strategy for developing artificial enzymes as novel catalytic therapeutics.
Cyclic Diaryliodonium Salts: Eco‐Friendly and Versatile Building Blocks for Organic Synthesis
Authors: Cheng Hui‐Cheng , Ma Jiao‐Li , Guo Peng‐Hu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCyclic diaryliodoniums are an important class of high‐valent aromatic iodine reagents for the synthesis of various axially chiral biaryls and biaryl compounds. Moreover, transition‐metal‐catalyzed annulation has been established for the construction of various heterocyclic rings and ladder‐type π‐conjugated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with readily available cyclic diaryliodoniums as the starting materials. As halogen‐bonding donors, cyclic aryliodoniums have been explored as organocatalysts in a variety of organic reactions. In this review, the application progress of cyclic diaryliodoniums has been systematically outlined, which highlights recent developments in the application reactions of cyclic diaryliodoniums, including synthetic application, limitations and reaction mechanisms in representative cascade reactions to provide insights for the development prospects of cyclic diaryliodoniums.magnified image
Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Polymerization via C−H Activation for the Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Chakraborty Baitan , Luscombe Christine K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOwing to their versatile (opto)electronic properties, conjugated polymers have found application in several organic electronic devices. Cross‐coupling reactions such as Stille, Suzuki, Kumada couplings, and direct arylation reactions have proved to be effective for their synthesis. More atom‐efficient oxidative direct arylation polymerization has also been reported for making homopolymers. However, growing interest toward donor‐acceptor polymers has led to the recent emergence of cross‐dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) polymerization to synthesize alternating copolymers without any prefunctionalization of monomers. Metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of two simple arenes via double C−H activation, or of an arene with an alkene via oxidative Heck‐type reaction have been used so far for CDC polymerization. In this article, we discuss the development of CDC polymerization protocols along with the relevant small molecule CDC reactions for an improved understanding of these reactions.
Superhydrophobic and Conductive Wire Membrane for Enhanced CO2 Electroreduction to Multicarbon Products
Authors: Li Yunxiang , Pei Zhihao , Luan Deyan , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGas‐liquid‐solid triple‐phase interfaces (TPI) are essential for promoting electrochemical CO2 reduction, but it remains challenging to maximize their efficiency while integrating other desirable properties conducive to electrocatalysis. Herein, we report the elaborate design and fabrication of a superhydrophobic, conductive, and hierarchical wire membrane in which core–shell CuO nanospheres, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are integrated into a wire structure (designated as CuO/F/C(w); F, PTFE; C, CNT; w, wire) to maximize their respective functions. The realized architecture allows almost all CuO nanospheres to be exposed with effective TPI and good contact to conductive CNT, thus increasing the local CO2 concentration on the CuO surface and enabling fast electron/mass transfer. As a result, the CuO/F/C(w) membrane attains a Faradaic efficiency of 56.8 % and a partial current density of 68.9 mA cm−2 for multicarbon products at −1.4 V (versus the reversible hydrogen electrode) in the H‐type cell, far exceeding 10.1 % and 13.4 mA cm−2 for bare CuO.
Enhanced Chemiluminescence of a Superior Luminol Derivative Provides Sensitive Smartphone‐Based Point‐of‐Care Testing with Enzymatic μPAD
Authors: Rink Simone , Duerkop Axel , Baeumner Antje J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChemiluminescence (CL) provides ideal conditions for point‐of‐care testing (POCT) with wide dynamic ranges, superior sensitivities, and detection simplicity. It has not arrived routinely in the POCT field due to naturally low quantum yields of typical probes and the lack of sensitive low‐cost detection devices. Here, we developed a universal microfluidic paper‐based analytical device (μPAD) using l‐lactate as model analyte. We demonstrate that a smartphone camera can compete with a scientific CCD camera as performance benchmark when using the strong CL emitter, m‐carboxy luminol, resulting in extraordinary signal‐to‐noise ratios of 67. The μPAD provides CV<10 %, stability at room temperature for≥3 months and simple processing. Furthermore, the μPAD enables the detection of picomoles of the luminophore providing additional design flexibility. Thus, this new CL‐μPAD is available for translating the many CL standard analytical assays performed in microtiter plates, microarrays or other more complex detection strategies to the POC.
Olanzapine induced hyponatremia and rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Younes N'joumi , Yassine Haimeur , Yassine El Harfaoui , Abdelkader Benhlima , Hamza Elhamzaoui , Mustapha Alilou 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRapid‐onset hyponatremia and rhabdomyolysis are rare, but potential, complications of olanzapine treatment. Hyponatremia, secondary to atypical antipsychotic use, has been reported in many case reports and is thought to be associated with an inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion syndrome. We report a case of sudden‐onset hyponatremia associated with a severe rhabdomyolysis resulting in a coma‐necessitating intensive care unit admission. His evolution was favorable after correction of all his metabolic disorders and olanzapine suspension.
Numerical Calculation of the Irreversible Entropy Production in Heat Transferring Structures
Authors: Fuchs Marco , Kabelac Stephan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn diesem Beitrag werden zwei verschiedene additiv herstellbare Metallstrukturen hinsichtlich der Entropieproduktionszahl bewertet. Die beiden Strukturen werden bei zwei Temperaturniveaus, 200/80 °C und 700/580 °C, untersucht. Bei dem niedrigen Temperaturniveau ist bei beiden Strukturen insbesondere die Wärmeleitung innerhalb der Struktur der Haupttreiber für die Entropieproduktion. Werden die Temperaturen angehoben, so steigt die gesamte Entropieproduktionszahl stark an, wobei die Dissipation durch Fluidreibung nun die Hauptursache für die auftretenden Verluste in beiden Strukturen ist.
Innovation of EtherCAT adaptive synchronization control in embedded CNC
Authors: Libo Cao , Taiyong Wang , Songhui Jia , Chong Tian , Ying Tian 
Published: February 2023

SummaryEtherCAT is a real‐time Ethernet protocol and has been widely used in the field of motion control owing to its high speed (100 or 1000 Mbps), low processor occupancy, and good synchronization performance in slaves. However, the master–slave synchronization method is blank in the EtherCAT protocol. The study proposes a novel master–slave synchronization method that relies on the stable sync0 of reference slave by adjusting the trigger moment of master interpolation period to settle packet loss caused by EtherCAT master–slave un‐synchronization, adaptively and dynamically. Furthermore, the proposed method improved EtherCAT to a whole new level, indicating that the EtherCAT master no longer depended on the real‐time operating system (RTOS). In addition, a synchronization predictive compensation mechanism was adopted to eliminate the compensation lag defect of existing synchronization methods. Compared with conventional studies, the synchronization method improved compensation efficiency, settled inaccurate compensation with evaluation derived from different working frequencies, and eliminated accumulative error in clock. Finally, the proposed method added almost no computation and communication load and only required eight or 16 bytes to modify the EtherCAT frame coding in the interpolation period. Experiments were carried out on machine tools to demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method in improving the synchronization performance, with an average communication jitter of only 32–71 ns.
Electrochemical detection of miRNA‐21 based on molecular beacon formed by thymine‐mercury(II)‐thymine base pairing
Authors: Han Su Bin , Kim Min Ji , Lee Soo Suk 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present a molecular beacon‐based electrochemical biosensor with high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of microRNA‐21. A special oligonucleotide probe was prepared containing a nucleotide sequence complementary to miR‐21 and consecutively linking eight and six thymines to the 3′ and 5′ ends, respectively, to allow the formation of a T‐Hg2+‐T complex‐based molecular beacon on the electrode surface by the selective binding of Hg2+ ions. The introduction of multiple thymines at the end of the probe avoids base overlapping between the miRNA sequence and the molecular beacon formation sequence, enabling a universal probe design that can detect all types of miRNAs. A ferrocene moiety was attached to the 5′‐end of the specially designed probe as an electrochemical signal indicator. The molecular beacons are formed by six consecutive T‐Hg2+‐T pairs by Hg2+ addition, and the molecular beacons are destroyed by perfect hybridization between 22 bases as a result of miR‐21 addition. Based on this detection mechanism, we were able to detect miR‐21 with LODs of 0.64 pM and 1.08 pM in buffer solution and human serum, respectively. In addition, the specifically designed oligonucleotide probe showed perfect specificity in detecting only miR‐21 without binding to other miRNAs. Finally, the sensor showed excellent miR‐21 recovery ability from samples spiked into serum, indicating that the method described in this study worked perfectly, even in a turbid complex matrix such as human serum.