bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-Dose CT Screening of Persistent Subsolid Lung Nodules: First-Order Features in Radiomics
Authors: Yoshiyasu Nobuyuki , Kojima Fumitsugu , Hayashi Kuniyoshi , Yamada Daisuke , Bando Toru 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background Nondisappearing subsolid nodules requiring follow-up are often detected during lung cancer screening, but changes in their invasiveness can be overlooked owing to slow growth. We aimed to develop a method for automatic identification of invasive tumors among subsolid nodules during multiple health checkups using radiomics technology based on low-dose computed tomography (LD-CT) and examine its effectiveness.
Methods We examined patients who underwent LD-CT screening from 2014 to 2019 and had lung adenocarcinomas resected after 5-year follow-ups. They were categorized into the invasive or less-invasive group; the annual growth/change rate (Δ) of the nodule voxel histogram using three-dimensional CT (e.g., tumor volume, solid volume percentage, mean CT value, variance, kurtosis, skewness, and entropy) was assessed. A discriminant model was designed through multivariate regression analysis with internal validation to compare its efficacy with that of a volume doubling time of < 400 days.
Results The study included 47 tumors (23 invasive, 24 less invasive), with no significant difference in the initial tumor volumes. Δskewness was identified as an independent predictor of invasiveness (adjusted odds ratio, 0.021; p = 0.043), and when combined with Δvariance, it yielded high accuracy in detecting invasive lesions (88% true-positive, 80% false-positive). The detection model indicated surgery 2 years earlier than the volume doubling time, maintaining accuracy (median 3 years vs.1 year before actual surgery, p = 0.011).
Conclusion LD-CT radiomics showed promising potential in ensuring timely detection and monitoring of subsolid nodules that warrant follow-up over time.
Wilson's Disease
Authors: Wungjiranirun Manida , Sharzehi Kaveh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWilson's disease (WD) can present with liver disease, neurological deficits, and psychiatric disorders. Results of genetic prevalence studies suggest that WD might be much more common than previously estimated. Early recognition of WD remains challenging because it is a great imitator and requires a high index of suspicion for correct and timely diagnosis. Early diagnosis of WD is crucial to ensure that patients can be started on adequate treatment. In association with other clinical and biochemical tests, liver biopsy results and molecular genetic testing can also be used for diagnosing WD. Medical therapy is effective for most patients; liver transplant can rescue those with acute liver failure or those with advanced liver disease who fail to respond to or discontinue medical therapy. Although novel therapies, such as gene therapy, are on the horizon, screening and prevention of delayed diagnosis remains paramount.
Trends in Management of Fetuses with Suspected Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction (LUTO): A High-Risk Fetal and Pediatric Center Experience in a Universal-Access-to-Care System
Authors: Richter Juliane , Doktor Fabian , Good Hayley , Erdman Lauren , Kim Jin K. , Santos Joana Dos , Brownrigg Natasha , Chua Michael , Lorenzo Armando J. , Rickard Mandy , Mieghem Tim Van , Shinar Shiri 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction Neonates with lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) experience high morbidity and mortality associated with the development of chronic kidney disease. The prenatal detection rate for LUTO is less than 50%, with late or missed diagnosis leading to delayed management and long-term sequelae in the remainder. We aimed to explore the trends in prenatal detection and management at a high-risk fetal center and determine if similar trends of postnatal presentations were noted for the same period.
Methods Prenatal and postnatal LUTO databases from a tertiary fetal center and its associated pediatric center between 2009 and 2021 were reviewed, capturing maternal age, gestational age (GA) at diagnosis, and rates of termination of pregnancy (TOP). Time series analysis using autocorrelation was performed to investigate time trend changes for prenatally suspected and postnatally confirmed LUTO cases.
Results A total of 161 fetuses with prenatally suspected LUTO were identified, including 78 terminations. No significant time trend was found when evaluating the correlation between time periods, prenatal suspicion, and postnatal confirmation of LUTO cases (Durbin–Watson [DW] = 1.99, p = 0.3641 and DW = 2.86, p = 0.9113, respectively). GA at referral was 20.0 weeks (interquartile range [IQR] 12, 35) and 22.0 weeks (IQR 13, 37) for TOP and continued pregnancies (p < 0.0001). GA at initial ultrasound was earlier in terminated fetuses compared to continued (20.0 [IQR 12, 35] weeks vs. 22.5 [IQR 13, 39] weeks, p < 0.0001). While prenatal LUTO suspicion remained consistently higher than postnatal presentations, the rates of postnatal presentations and terminations remained stable during the study years (p = 0.7913 and 0.2338), as were GA at TOP and maternal age at diagnosis (p = 0.1710 and 0.1921).
Conclusion This study demonstrated that more severe cases of LUTO are referred earlier and are more likely to undergo TOP. No significant trend was detected between time and prenatally suspected or postnatally confirmed LUTO, highlighting the need for further studies to better delineate factors that can increase prenatal detection.
Multi-channel current electro-optic isolated measurement and discharge current characteristics in a parallel plate transmission line driver
Authors: Zhang Yongpeng , Lu Zhijian , Liu Chengying , Song Zhenfei , Liu Shuai , Yang Lanjun 
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a 96 kJ compact synchronous discharge driver is designed. The issue of the current measurement of the six parallel gas spark switches is resolved by a multi-channel isolated current measuring system, and the driver’s circuit simulation model is constructed. Then, the discharge current characteristics of each branch and load are investigated, and the results show that when the operating voltage is at least 50 kV, the parallel switches are conducted synchronously. The designed multi-channel isolated current measuring system meets the use requirements at a maximum operating voltage of 80 kV, the peak current measured by a single channel is 500 kA at this time, which corresponds to the load current of 3 MA, and the current rise time (0%–100% rise time) is about 1.15 µs. However, the asynchronous conduction of these switches will increase the branch circuit’s peak current by a maximum of 25%, and the maximum value of the inverse peak current ratio of the branch will increase to 1.16, which will threaten the safe operation of the components. At this time, there is a redistribution of charge between the already conducting branches, so the impact of the load current is less than that of the basic branch current. When the conduction dispersion of the switchers is less than 452 ns, the peak current of the load reduction is less than 3%, and the current waveform meets the application requirements. The research is essential for understanding the operating status of the driver and assessing the through-current capability of the device’s components, such as gas switches and capacitors.
Solvation of furfural at metal–water interfaces: Implications for aqueous phase hydrogenation reactions
Authors: Liu Sihang , Vijay Sudarshan , Xu Mianle , Cao Ang , Prats Hector , Kastlunger Georg , Heenen Hendrik H. , Govindarajan Nitish 
Published: August 2023

Metal–water interfaces are central to understanding aqueous-phase heterogeneous catalytic processes. However, the explicit modeling of the interface is still challenging as it necessitates extensive sampling of the interfaces’ degrees of freedom. Herein, we use ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations to study the adsorption of furfural, a platform biomass chemical on several catalytically relevant metal–water interfaces (Pt, Rh, Pd, Cu, and Au) at low coverages. We find that furfural adsorption is destabilized on all the metal–water interfaces compared to the metal–gas interfaces considered in this work. This destabilization is a result of the energetic penalty associated with the displacement of water molecules near the surface upon adsorption of furfural, further evidenced by a linear correlation between solvation energy and the change in surface water coverage. To predict solvation energies without the need for computationally expensive AIMD simulations, we demonstrate OH binding energy as a good descriptor to estimate the solvation energies of furfural. Using microkinetic modeling, we further explain the origin of the activity for furfural hydrogenation on intrinsically strong-binding metals under aqueous conditions, i.e., the endothermic solvation energies for furfural adsorption prevent surface poisoning. Our work sheds light on the development of active aqueous-phase catalytic systems via rationally tuning the solvation energies of reaction intermediates.
High-speed plasma measurements with a plasma impedance probe
Authors: Brooks J. W. , Tejero E. M. , Palliwoda M. C. , McDonald M. S. 
Published: August 2023

Plasma impedance probes (PIPs) are a type of RF probe that primarily measures electron density. This work introduces two advancements: a streamlined analytical model for interpreting PIP-monopole measurements and techniques for achieving ≥1 MHz time-resolved PIP measurements. The model’s improvements include introducing sheath thickness as a measurement and providing a more accurate method for measuring electron density and damping. The model is validated by a quasi-static numerical simulation, which compares the simulation with measurements, identifies sources of error, and provides probe design criteria for minimizing uncertainty. The improved time resolution is achieved by introducing higher-frequency hardware, updated analysis algorithms, and a more rigorous approach to RF calibration. Finally, the new model and high-speed techniques are applied to two datasets: a 4 kHz plasma density oscillation resolved at 100 kHz with densities ranging between 2 × 1014 and 3 × 1015 m−3, and a 150 kHz oscillation resolved at 4 MHz with densities ranging between 4 × 1014 and 6 × 1014 m−3.
Factors influencing non-attendance at sexual healthcare appointments in the UK: a qualitative study
Authors: Heath Gemma , Clarke Rebecca , Ross Jonathan , Farrow Claire 
Published: August 2023

Background Missed sexual healthcare appointments lead to inefficiencies and wasted resources, longer waiting times and poorer outcomes. The aim of this research was to identify factors influencing non-attendance at sexual healthcare appointments and to make recommendations for interventions. Methods Semi-structured interviews were carried out with UK-based sexual health service-users with experience of booking and missing appointments and sexual health professionals (n = 28). Interviews were analysed using a thematic framework approach. Results Perceptual, practical, and organisational factors were found to influence missed appointments. Perceptual factors included beliefs about the outcomes of attending; sense of responsibility to attend; and concerns about privacy and security. Practical factors included competing demands and disruption to daily life; ability to attend; and forgetting. Organisational factors included mode of appointment delivery and availability of appointments. Conclusions Interventions should combine strategies shown to be effective for overcoming practical barriers to attendance (e.g. reminder systems) with novel strategies communicating the benefits of attending and risks of missed appointments (e.g. behaviourally informed messaging). Text reminders containing behaviourally informed messages may be an efficient intervention for targeting perceptual and practical factors associated with missed appointments. Offering appointment modalities to suit individual preference and enabling service-users to remotely cancel/reschedule appointments maight further support a reduction in missed appointments.
Sweden
Authors: Gustafsson Anna W. , Seiler Brylla Charlotta 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Sweden Democrats is a nationalist right-wing
populist party with roots in neo-Nazism and white supremacist beliefs. The
party has experienced continuous progress during the last decade in Sweden,
attracting 20.5 per cent of the vote in the general election of 2022. A
combination of discourse analytical methods is applied to study the comment
sections of the party’s official social media accounts during the EU
election 2019 in order to explore what topics are most engaging to the
supporters and what discursive strategies the supporters use to position
themselves in relation to politicians, to other parties or to political
topics. Particular attention is paid to the role of affirmative and
evaluative practices to build ingroup identity.
Austria
Authors: Kopf Susanne 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter focuses on voter motivation in the Austrian
context. Postings made in response to the right-wing Freedom Party’s (FPÖ)
social media content were examined, specifically, pro-FPÖ comments
responding to ten FPÖ postings on Facebook and YouTube. The data were
analysed for the representation of social actors, focusing on who is
referred to and how, and what traits are ascribed to these actors. The key
issue motivating support for the populist FPÖ is the desire to protect
Austria and its interests, and the conviction that the FPÖ is the only party
that is willing and able to do so. The social actors that allegedly pose a
threat to Austria are various other parties, asylum seekers and the EU.
Unearthing the concepts that bury us
Authors: Savarese David 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter begins with the claim that the prominent
definition of dialogue as co-present speech is insufficient, if not
damaging, to non-neurotypical persons. Not only are people with disabilities
excluded from socially relevant dialogues about their own experiences, but
the dialogues between people with disabilities are not granted the status of
dialogue. As an autistic individual, filmmaker, and activist, my aim is to
first, deconstruct the assumptions at the base of this exclusion and, most
importantly, replace them with my own experience of multimodal
intersubjectivity. My analysis of a transcript I created from my own film is
the data for my argument. I advocate for a multi-sensory, multimodal
approach to communication and disability.
Disability in dialogue
Authors: Dolmage Jay Timothy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter offers a heteroglossary
that that gathers and redefines what has already been said in this
collection in an attempt to push these ideas into further dialogue and
towards change. In doing so, this afterword channels another value from
within the disability rights movement: the idea of positive
redundancy (access Smith
2013). That is, it is always good and useful to repeat ourselves,
to offer clear and simplified definitions of what has already been said.
Modern ancient Chinese
Authors: Jia Yan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article adopts the notions of chronotope and scalar intimacy to discuss collective identification, in
particular Hanfu identity among Chinese youth in the context of contemporary Chinese nationalism. Drawing upon
ethnographic interviews and observations of self-identified Hanfu fans in Beijing, China, this paper analyzes how
they, through invoking and shifting back and forth across multiple spatiotemporal scales, discursively enact collective and
intimate identification among individuals, among Hanfu fan groups (on a local scale), and the general Chinese
population (on a larger, national scale). This paper suggests that the great ancient China chronotope (GACC) has played a crucial
role in establishing continuity between the present (or other time-spaces) and the ‘past,’ ultimately legitimizing the inseparable
link between Hanfu groups and collectives and solidifying great China and collective identity ideologies. It also
demonstrates that modern Chinese youth are internalizing the Chinese nationalist ideology in order to establish a sociocultural
relationship of belonging to and sharing with Chinese collectives as a way to empower themselves to cope with uncertainty.
Interpreting, translating, transferring
Authors: Locher Miriam A. , Dayter Daria , Messerli Thomas C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This introduction positions the themes of the collection within the field of pragmatics and translation studies. It outlines the breadth of the field from interpreting to sensory translation and discusses novel papers in four different parts. In the first three parts, translation is defined as involving at least two different languages, and the chapters focus on pragmatic processes and issues that surface in translation practices. The first part focuses on interpreting; the second part centers on the translation of fictional and non-fictional texts and spaces; the third part discusses audiovisual translation; and in the fourth part translation processes are explored in a wider context that includes translating senses and action into language in connection with experiencing and preparing food.
Translating conflict in written fiction
Authors: Nisticò Simona 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the pragmatic aspects of translating conflictual moments in written fiction, whose meaning is mediated by translators to target-text readers across languages and cultures. Building on notions of characterization, stance, voice, im/politeness, and relational work, this contribution illustrates the preliminary findings of a qualitative analysis of conflict scenes taken from a trilingual corpus of short stories. In the two target languages considered (French and Italian), each translator uniquely modulates address forms, speech-reporting verbs, ambiguity, and unpleasant content when rendering conflictual interactions between characters. The strategies implemented may follow patterns which have yet to be fully identified.
“Don’t talk out loud, you lower the IQ of the whole street”
Authors: Bruti Silvia , Zanotti Serenella 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This contribution examines impoliteness strategies and their translation for dubbing and subtitling in the TV series Sherlock. The theoretical framework is provided on the one hand by impoliteness theory (Culpeper 1996, 2005, 2011; Culpeper, Bousfield & Wichmann 2003; Leech 2014; Locher 2015), on the other by studies in stylistics that highlight the entertaining role impoliteness may play in the construction of characters (Bednarek 2012; Dynel 2016). In this series, impoliteness is the result of the exploitation of various meaning-making resources, all of which contribute to the overall outcome. The analysis shows that in dubbing and subtitling, a challenging case of cultural mediation (Guillot 2016), it may be reconstructed differently, with inevitable repercussions on the viewing experience of the target audience.
Soviet intelligence gathering in Africa in the 1960s and early 1970s: a review article
Authors: Darch Colin 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
The wave of independence in Africa in the late 1950s and early 1960s, combined with the ‘thaw’ after Khrushchev’s denunciation of Stalin at the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, resulted in renewed Soviet interest after two decades of ignoring African affairs. Newly established diplomatic relations with liberation movements and independent states required the rapid training of middle-level cadres who could report back accurately to Moscow, as the USSR struggled to limit US and European influence in Africa. A volume in Russian of over 400 documents from the 1960s and early 1970s excludes the Arabic-speaking north, but allows readers to understand how intelligence was gathered on the ground by Soviet functionaries attempting to interpret local politics for power centres at home. This review article focuses on the political context in which African expertise was acquired, and analyses three cases from the volume – Ghana, Congo-Léopoldville in crisis, and Namibia in the early struggle for liberation.
Research on MEMS dual-channel microwave power sensor with fixed beam structure
Authors: Li Chen , Guo Ximing , Xu Aodi , Wang Debo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To improve the sensitivity and dynamic range of microwave power sensors, a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) dual-channel microwave power sensor is proposed in this study. The sensor is designed and manufactured using the GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuit` (MMIC) process and MEMS technology. The microwave performance, overload power and sensitivity are theoretically studied. At 8–12 GHz, the return loss of the sensors with three different fixed beam sizes are approximately −10 dB, which is good microwave performance. The sensitivities for capacitive detection channel of the two sensors with larger sizes are 2.4 fF W−1 @10 GHz and 14.5 fF W−1 @10 GHz, respectively, and the sensitivities of the thermoelectric detection channel of the three sensors is 25.7 mV W−1, 24.9 mV W−1 and 24.2 mV W−1, respectively. Compared with traditional microwave power sensors, the sensor proposed takes into account the advantages of microwave power sensors in both thermoelectric and capacitive structures. This work helps lay the foundation for the design of microwave power sensors with a fixed beam structure and thermoelectric microwave power sensors.
High crystal quality and low residual stress composite piezoelectric films prepared by a two-step method
Authors: Lin Binghui , Cai Yao , Wang Yaxin , Gao Chao , Wu Gai , Liu Yan , Liu Wenjuan , Cheam Daw Don , Sun Chengliang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The crystal quality and residual stress of piezoelectric films are critical factors that limit the performance of acoustic wave devices. To overcome this challenge, a new two-step method integrating metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) was presented. The lower part of the composite film was first grown by MOCVD, exhibiting monocrystalline quality and high residual stress. Subsequently, the upper part of the composite film deposited by PVD effectively compensates for the residual stress in the lower part of the composite film. The new two-step method was validated on the growth of AlN and AlScN on sapphire substrate. A composite film Al0.8Sc0.2 N/AlN was obtained with a full width at half maximum of 0.047° for AlN (002) of rocking curve, exhibiting a residual stress of +381 MPa and a surface roughness of 1.12 nm. It demonstrates the feasibility of preparing high-quality composite piezoelectric films for further acoustic applications.
Circular-arc array for the pulsed eddy current inspection of thermally insulated pipelines
Authors: Yang Ling , Dang Jingxin , Yang Mengfan , Dang Yixin , Yuan Kai , Zhou Yan , Dang Bo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The inspection of corrosion under insulation (CUI) has been identified as a significant challenge in the petroleum and chemical process industries. As some of the most effective strategies, pulsed eddy current (PEC) techniques have proved effective for the measurement of the CUI of pipelines. In this paper, we propose a circular-arc array (CAA) to improve the measurement efficiency for the PEC inspection of thermally insulated pipelines. Based on the PEC system model for inspecting the CUI of pipelines, the magnetic field distribution of the CAA with multiple excitors was investigated. It is shown that the coverage of induced magnetic field gets much larger than that of the single excitor to realize high-efficiency measurements. Moreover, a sparsely distributed receiver array is designed to further improve the signal-to-noise ratio by eliminating the waviness effect due to multiple excitors. Finally, experiments were conducted, and the results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method for the inspection of thermally insulated pipelines.