bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 infection in myasthenia gravis: Clinical course and outcomes
Authors: Thomas Eleanor V. , Bou Gabriela , Barton Shawn , Hutto Spencer , Garcia‐Santibanez Rocio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsMyasthenia gravis (MG) patients have been predicted to have high rates of coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) complications due to frequent involvement of respiratory muscles in MG and frequent use of immunosuppressive therapies. We investigated outcomes of MG patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 to identify risk factors for exacerbation and severe disease.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of 39 MG patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection from January March 1, 2020 to October 25, 2021 at Emory University. Patients’ records were queried for demographic data, MG history, and COVID‐19 treatments and hospitalizations.ResultsAt the time of infection, 8 of 39 were vaccinated, 30 of 39 unvaccinated, and 1 unknown. Average age was 52.6 years. Twenty‐seven patients were receiving immunomodulatory treatments at the time of infection. Thirty‐five of 39 were symptomatic, 21 were hospitalized, and 7 required ventilations. MG exacerbations occurred in 5 and were treated with therapeutic plasma exchange (n = 1), intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) (n = 1), and prednisone taper (n = 5). Four hospitalized patients died from COVID‐related lung injuries. No deaths were attributed to MG exacerbation; however, one patient receiving IVIg for MG exacerbation had a pulmonary embolism. There were no deaths in fully vaccinated patients, and only one vaccinated patient was admitted to the intensive care unit.DiscussionHigh rates of COVID‐19 complications and death were observed in this cohort of MG patients. Some patients with MG and COVID‐19 also had an exacerbation during infection. Further studies are needed to determine whether MG patients are at higher risk for complications than the rest of the population.
Nutrition management of pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Guidelines, gaps, and research
Authors: Ringwald‐Smith Karen , Hillman Hayley , Gibbons Kristy , Epperly Rebecca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMedical nutrition therapy (MNT) is a key component of supportive care for children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. During the transplant process, several complications and side effects may be encountered that require alteration of the nutrition support, interventions, and monitoring provided. The focus of this review is to discuss current guidelines and research for the provision of MNT to these patients, along with recommendations on how to bridge the gap in MNT knowledge.
Animal resource exploitation at the Huadizui site on the eve of state formation in China (1850–1750 BC)
Authors: Liu Yiting , Yuan Jing , Gu Wanfa , Wu Qian , Zhang Yongqing , Wang Yang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Xinzhai period (1850–1750 BC) was on the eve of state formation. Abundant animal remains unearthed from the Huadizui site provide new key materials for a comprehensive understanding of animal resource utilization at that time. At Huadizui, the exploitation of pigs and sheep shows a meat‐oriented utilization. The exploitation of secondary products for sheep and cattle was absent. The activities of raising, hunting and consuming large bovines were less efficient but served as significant approaches to demonstrate the wealth or prestige of elites. In contrast, the Xinzhai site, a potential capital during Xinzhai Period, saw newly intensified and specialized animal exploitation, especially for secondary products. This differentiation in animal exploitation appeared earlier than state formation, suggesting the new intensified manner of animal utilization, that is, the exploitation of secondary products, may have been a critical force in sustaining the crucial political shift. This study contributes to our understanding of the role of animal exploitation in the process of state formation.
Bringing the arts into socio‐ecological research: An analysis of the barriers and opportunities to collaboration across the divide
Authors: Black J. E. , Morrison K. , Urquhart J. , Potter C. , Courtney P. , Goodenough A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Socio‐ecological research collaborations between artists, natural and social scientists, and with the humanities more broadly, have increased significantly in recent years. This has been aided by increased investment by funding bodies such as UK Research and Innovation and others internationally in projects designed to encourage cross‐disciplinary partnerships.

Within socio‐ecological research and beyond it, despite some success stories, there is still a lack of awareness in ‘the sciences’ regarding how ‘the arts’ undertake their own forms of enquiry into the world. Further, different terminology and language used by different disciplines can cause confusion and misunderstanding, potentially leading to a reluctance to work collaboratively.

In this paper, we discuss diversity within the arts as a discipline and seek to clarify various terminologies being used in both the arts and sciences to characterise joint working in research projects.

Drawing on a series of semi‐structured interviews and a workshop with artists and natural and social scientists with experience of collaboration in socio‐ecological research, we compare understandings and expectations and reflect on the implications for funding bodies, institutions, artists and scientists which are widely applicable across different research contexts.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
“Jikoshu”: Japanese studies in the 1960s and 1970s, and international trends today
Authors: Kobayashi Toshiyuki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the 1960s and 1970s, there was widespread discussion in Japan about the pathological experience of “unpleasant odors emanating from one's body.” This symptom is called “Jikoshu,” and this term was used in combination with various words, such as “Genkaku” (hallucination) and “Moso” (delusion), reflecting its symptomatological ambiguity. The best‐known term in the English‐language literature is Jikoshu‐Kyofu (Jikoshu phobia). By further abstracting this symptom and viewing it as a delusion‐like experience of “something leaking out of me,” egorrhea syndrome (Fujinawa) was proposed, which was considered to be partly a pathology of schizophrenia. Similar cases were characteristically observed during adolescence, and a study emerged suggesting that the syndrome was “adolescent paranoia” (Murakami), distinct from schizophrenia. However, the terms “Jikoshu‐Taiken” (Jikoshu experience; Kasahara et al.) and “Jikoshu‐Sho” (Jikoshu syndrome; Miyamoto) were proposed to emphasize the nosological ambiguity. Considered a culture‐bound syndrome unique to Japan or East Asia, Jikoshu received little attention in the English‐language literature apart from a 1971 study of olfactory reference syndrome (Pryse‐Phillips), which presents with similar symptoms. In recent years, research has placed this disorder within the obsessive‐compulsive spectrum, and it has been adopted as an ICD‐11 disorder under the term “olfactory reference disorder.”
Caring for two in the ICU: Pharmacologic management of pregnancy‐related complications
Authors: Heavner Mojdeh S. , Cucci Michaelia D. , Barlow Brooke , Bell Carolyn Magee , Eng Claire C. , Erdman Grace , Li Matthew , Smith Susan E. , Aldhaeefi Mohammed , Thompson Bastin Melissa L. , Hawkins W. Anthony , Rose Christina , Lankford Allison 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMaternal mortality continues to be an issue globally despite advances in technology and pharmacotherapy. Pregnancy can lead to complications that necessitate immediate action to prevent severe morbidity and mortality. Patients may need escalation to the ICU setting for close monitoring and administration of advanced therapies not available elsewhere. Obstetric emergencies are rare but high‐stakes events that require clinicians to have prompt identification and management. The purpose of this review is to describe complications of pregnancy and provide a focused resource of pharmacotherapy considerations that clinicians may encounter. For each disease state, the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management are summarized. Brief descriptions of non‐pharmacological (e.g., cesarean or vaginal delivery of the baby) interventions are provided. Mainstays of pharmacotherapy highlighted include oxytocin for obstetric hemorrhage, methotrexate for ectopic pregnancy, magnesium and antihypertensive agents for preeclampsia and eclampsia, eculizumab for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive agents for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, diuretics, metoprolol, and anticoagulation for peripartum cardiomyopathy, and pulmonary vasodilators for amniotic fluid embolism.
Delirium following traumatic brain injury in adolescents: Symptomatology and prediction of ability to return to school or employment 1‐year post‐injury
Authors: Garofano Jeffrey S. , Nakase‐Richardson Risa , Barnett Scott D. , Yablon Stuart A. , Evans Clea , Zaim Nadia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is a limited evidence‐base describing clinical features of delirium in youth. What is known is largely extrapolated from studies of adults or samples with heterogeneous etiologies. It is unclear if the symptoms experienced by adolescents differ from those experienced by adults, or the degree to which delirium impacts the ability of adolescents to return to school or work.ObjectiveTo describe delirium symptomatology among adolescents following a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Symptoms were compared by adolescent delirium status and across age groups. Delirium and its relationship with adolescent employability 1 year post‐injury was also examined.DesignExploratory secondary analysis of prospectively collected data.SettingFree‐standing rehabilitation hospital.PatientsSeverely injured TBI Model Systems neurorehabilitation admissions (n = 243; median Glasgow Coma Scale = 7). The sample was divided into three age groups (adolescents, 16–21 years, n = 63; adults 22–49 years, n = 133; older adults ≥50 years, n = 47).InterventionsNot applicable.MeasuresWe assessed patients using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM‐IV) diagnostic criteria and the Delirium Rating Scale‐Revised 98 (DRS‐R‐98). The employability item from the Disability Rating Scale was the primary 1‐year outcome.ResultsMost items on the DRS‐R‐98 differentiated delirious from non‐delirious adolescents. Only “delusions” differed among age groups. Among adolescents, delirium status 1 month post‐TBI provided acceptable classification of employability prediction 1 year later (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69–0.91, p < .001). Delirium symptom severity (AUC: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.68–1.03, SE: 0.09; p < .001) and days of post‐traumatic amnesia (AUC: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.68–1.01, SE: 0.08; p < .001) provided excellent prediction of outcomes for TBI patients in delirium.ConclusionsDelirium symptomatology was similar among age groups and useful in differentiating the delirium status within the adolescent TBI group. Delirium and symptom severity at 1 month post‐TBI were highly predictive of poor outcomes. Findings from this study support the utility of DRS‐R‐98 at 1 month post‐injury to inform treatment and planning.
Orthogonal translation with 5‐cyanotryptophan as an infrared probe for local structural information, electrostatics, and hydrogen bonding
Authors: von Freiherr Sass Georg Johannes , Blain‐Hartung Matthew , Baumann Tobias , Forest Katrina T. , Hildebrandt Peter , Budisa Nediljko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOrthogonal translation is an efficient tool that provides many valuable spectral probes capable of covering different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum and thus enabling parameterization of various structural and dynamic phenomena in proteins. In this context, nitrile‐containing tryptophan analogs are very useful probes to study local electrostatics and hydrogen bonding in both rigid and dynamic environments. Here, we report a semi‐rational approach to engineer a tyrosyl‐tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) variant of Methanocaldococcus jannaschii capable of incorporating 5‐cyanotryptophan (5CNW) via orthogonal translation. We combined one round of the well‐established positive selection system with saturation mutagenesis at preselected TyrRS positions, resulting in a novel 5CNW‐specific enzyme that also exhibits high substrate tolerance to other aromatic noncanonical amino acids. We demonstrated the utility of our orthogonal pair by inserting 5CNW into the cyanobacteriochrome Slr1393g3, a bilin‐binding photosensor of the phytochrome superfamily. The nitrile (CN) group of the inserted 5CNW provides non‐invasive labeling in the local structural context while yielding information on local electrostatics and hydrogen bonding by IR spectroscopy. 5CNW is a versatile probe that can be used for both static and dynamic measurements.
Pretreatment with Notoginsenoside R1 attenuates high‐altitude hypoxia‐induced cardiac injury via activation of the ERK1/2‐P90RSK‐Bad signaling pathway in rats
Authors: Zhao Sijing , Jia Nan , Shen Zherui , Pei Caixia , Huang Demei , Liu Junling , Wang Yilan , Shi Shihua , Wang Xiaomin , Wang Mingjie , He Yacong , Wang Zhenxing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh‐altitude cardiac injury (HACI) is one of the common tissue injuries caused by high‐altitude hypoxia that may be life threatening. Notoginsenoside R1 (NG‐R1), a major saponin of Panax notoginseng, exerts anti‐oxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐apoptosis effects, protecting the myocardium from hypoxic injury. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and molecular mechanism of NG‐R1 against HACI. We simulated a 6000 m environment for 48 h in a hypobaric chamber to create a HACI rat model. Rats were pretreated with NG‐R1 (50, 100 mg/kg) or dexamethasone (4 mg/kg) for 3 days and then placed in the chamber for 48 h. The effect of NG‐R1 was evaluated by changes in Electrocardiogram parameters, histopathology, cardiac biomarkers, oxidative stress and inflammatory indicators, key protein expression, and immunofluorescence. U0126 was used to verify whether the anti‐apoptotic effect of NG‐R1 was related to the activation of ERK pathway. Pretreatment with NG‐R1 can improve abnormal cardiac electrical conduction and alleviate high‐altitude‐induced tachycardia. Similar to dexamethasone, NG‐R1 can improve pathological damage, reduce the levels of cardiac injury biomarkers, oxidative stress, and inflammatory indicators, and down‐regulate the expression of hypoxia‐related proteins HIF‐1α and VEGF. In addition, NG‐R1 reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by down‐regulating the expression of apoptotic proteins Bax, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9, and cleaved PARP1 and up‐regulating the expression of anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐2 through activating the ERK1/2‐P90RSK‐Bad pathway. In conclusion, NG‐R1 prevented HACI and suppressed apoptosis via activation of the ERK1/2‐P90RSK‐Bad pathway, indicating that NG‐R1 has therapeutic potential to treat HACI.
Bringing cultural inclusion to the classroom through intercultural teaching practices for science education (ITPSE) and guiding tools
Authors: Tovar‐Gálvez Julio César 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntercultural teaching practices for science education (ITPSE) are suitable to support science teachers in bringing cultural inclusion into their classrooms. The epistemological bridge is the base of the ITPSE design since this approach describes culturally inclusive teaching of science. There is an ITPSE of planning and one of enactment. With those ITPSE, teachers engage students in explaining a phenomenon from science's epistemology and nonhegemonic cultures' epistemologies. Design‐based research is the methodology to produce the ITPSE through three design–test–design cycles. This paper reports on the third cycle to identify evidence to redesign the ITPSE. As a result, the teacher enacted through the ITPSE a version of the epistemological bridge very close to the framework. In addition, her reflection and feedback pointed to the guiding tools refinement.
A New Avenue to Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis of Diaryl Sulfones
Authors: Verma Narsingh , Vikram Singh Ravindra , Singh Raghuvanshi Dushyant 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe describe a highly efficient route for the sulfonylation (C‐SO2) of various halo arenes, boronic acids, and aromatic diazonium salt through a cross‐coupling reaction. The protocol incorporates the efficient use of Cu(OAc)2/K2CO3 and N‐Hydoxy aryl sulfonamide as an aryl sulfone surrogate. Various substrates and functional groups were well tolerated in this reaction system.
Investigation of the Inhibition Mechanism of Organic Corrosion Inhibitors on the Copper Surface by DFT study and MD simulations
Authors: Zeng Huili , Zhao Xinyu , Wang Yi , Dong Xiaoman , Liu Anmin , Ren Xuefeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSupports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21908017 and 21902021), the Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Dalian University of Technology (20211014110934), the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of High‐efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering (2022‐K70), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT22LK09), the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, MOE (KLIEEE‐20‐01, KLIEEE‐21‐02), and the Hefei Advanced Computing Center for this work are gratefully acknowledged.
Development of Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitors Based on Molecular Docking, Kinetics, and Toxicity Studies
Authors: Téllez‐Valencia Alfredo , Hernández‐Ortiz Irving , Guadalupe López Lujano Paola , Luis Vique‐Sánchez José 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProtein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a protein that contributes to the development of diseases that affect millions of people worldwide. In the last five years, several studies have been carried out to develop a drug that is capable of inhibiting the functions of this protein that are related to chronic degenerative diseases and obesity. In this study, we used PTP1B as a therapeutic target to perform a molecular docking to identify compounds that specifically bind to the PTP1B human protein. After molecular docking from over 500,000 compounds, we selected the six with the highest binding score and evaluated their inhibitory effect in in vitro assays. The data showed that PT2 compound was the most potent with an IC50 value of 9 μM and a noncompetitive inhibition mechanism. According to molecular docking, this compound made specific interactions in the catalytic domain of PTP1B, that could be responsible for their inhibition capability. Furthermore, cytotoxic studies in MCF‐7 cells indicated that it could be safe for humans. Therefore, PT2 compound may be a promising new drug to attend the diseases where PTP1B has functions.
A Facile synthesis of Biaryl ketones in recyclable system: Triazenes as new coupling partners in the carbonylative Suzuki and Hiyama cross‐coupling reactions using NFSac as CO source
Authors: Anchi Athmanand , Kalkhambkar Rajesh G. , Kumar P Pavan , Naik Ravi S , Refat Moamen S. , Adam Abdel Majid A. , Alsuhaibani Amnah Mohammed , Bakare Safyah B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed carbonylation reactions aid as potent tools for the insertion of carbonyl unit(s) in a wide array of molecules possessing vast number of applications in multiple domains. An efficient and facile protocol has been reported for the carbonylative Suzuki (CO−S) and carbonylative Hiyama (CO−H) coupling of aryl triazenes using phenyl boronic acid and triethoxy(phenyl)silane respectivelyviaa Pd‐catalysis in combination with Ionic liquids (ILs). Four different ILs have been employed as solvent/reagent/promotor(s) to afford the targeted products in reasonably good yields. As per the predictive mechanism, anin situgeneratedN‐Heterocarbene‐Ionicliquid‐Palladium (NHC‐IL‐Pd) species serve as a regenerative catalyst while theN‐formyl saccharin (NFSac), a non‐hazardous and commercially available crystalline compound was used as carbon monoxide (CO) surrogate playing important roles to accomplish the desired products in good yields.
Fluoride Induced Dual Mode Moisture Detection in Organic Solvents, Food, and Agricultural Materials using Benzothiazole Based Azo Dye Sensor
Authors: Joshi Supriya , Joshi Ritika , Jadhao Manojkumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMoisture detection through naked eye is important in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, fuels, materials, and agriculture. In this study, we demonstrate the use of a strategically designed organic molecule, 2AMBP, for the detection of moisture in organic solvents and real‐life samples. The principle behind this sensory system involves fluoride‐induced deprotonation followed by water‐induced re‐protonation. The deprotonated form of 2AMBP displays a color‐changing response (yellow to pink) even in trace amounts of water (LOD: 0.0207 % by spectrophotometric analysis), making it a highly sensitive probe for detecting moisture. We show that the anionic receptor moieties of 2AMBP can be employed for the quantification of water impurity in various real‐life samples, and we develop inexpensive, reusable, dye‐coated paper sensor for quick onsite moisture detection and quantification. Interestingly, a smart phone camera can be used to provide relative RGB values that directly correlate to the amount of moisture present in the sample. The 2AMBP‐F‐ exhibits significant changes in fluorescence properties in the presence and absence of water, which makes it an effective fluorescent switch for detecting moisture. Overall, 2AMBP is a highly sensitive, sustainable material that can be conveniently used by laymen for moisture detection without the need for specific instruments or expertise.
A Self‐Templated Design Approach toward Multivariate Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Dong Pengfei , Gu Yuming , Wen Gehua , Luo Rengan , Bao Songsong , Ma Jing , Lei Jianping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMultivariate metal–organic framework (MOF) is an ideal electrocatalytic material due to the synergistic effect of multiple metal active sites. In this study, a series of ternary M‐NiMOF (M = Co, Cu) through a simple self‐templated strategy that the Co/Cu MOF isomorphically grows in situ on the surface of NiMOF is designed. Owing to the electron rearrange of adjacent metals, the ternary CoCu‐NiMOFs demonstrate the improved intrinsic electrocatalytic activity. At optimized conditions, the ternary Co3Cu‐Ni2MOFs nanosheets give the excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of current density of 10 mA cm−2 at low overpotential of 288 mV with a Tafel slope of 87 mV dec−1, which is superior to that of bimetallic nanosheet and ternary microflowers. The low free energy change of potential‐determining step identifies that the OER process is favorable at Cu–Co concerted sites along with strong synergistic effect of Ni nodes. Partially oxidized metal sites also reduce the electron density, thus accelerating the OER catalytic rate. The self‐templated strategy provides a universal tool to design multivariate MOF electrocatalysts for highly efficient energy transduction.