bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A biscarbene gold(I)-NHC-complex overcomes cisplatin-resistance in A2780 and W1 ovarian cancer cells highlighting pERK as regulator of apoptosis
Authors: König Philipp , Zhulenko Roman , Suparman Eloy , Hoffmeister Henrik , Bückreiß Nico , Ott Ingo , Bendas Gerd 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Cisplatin resistance is the major obstacle in the clinical treatment of ovarian cancer patients. Molecular mechanisms of cisplatin resistance are multifaceted. Gold(I)-compounds, i.e. N-heterocyclic carbene-gold(I)-complexes (NHC-Au(I)) has been regarded as promising cytotoxic drug candidates. However, their potential to overcome cisplatin resistance has hardly been addressed yet. Here we investigated the activity of the gold(I) drug auranofin and the NHC-Au(I)-compound MC3 in W1CR and A2780cis cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells.

Methods
Cytotoxicity of auranofin and MC3 was detected by MTT assay, correlated with intracellular gold(I) content, analyzed by AAS, and with flow cytometric detection of the cell cycle. Insight into cellular redox balance was provided by fluorimetric ROS-formation assay and western blotting thioredoxin (Trx) and Nrf2. The role of ERK was elucidated by using the inhibitor SCH772984 and its impact on cytotoxicity upon co-treatment with cisplatin and Au(I)-compounds, respectively.

Results
MC3 overcomes cisplatin resistance in A2780cis and W1CR, and auranofin in W1CR cells completely, which is neither reflected by intracellular gold levels nor cell cycle changes. Upregulated redox balance appears as a basis for resistance. W1CR cells possess higher Trx levels, whereas A2780cis cells display strong Nrf2 expression as anti-oxidative protection. Nevertheless, overcoming redox balance appears not primary mode of activity comparing cisplatin and gold(I)-compounds. pERK emerges as a critical component and thus a promising target for overcoming resistance, regulating apoptosis differently in response to either gold(I) or cisplatin in A2780 cells.

Conclusion
These data reflect the complexity of cisplatin resistance in cell models and emphasize NHC-Au(I)-complexes as prospective cytotoxic agents for further investigations in that respect.
High physical activity in persons with psoriatic arthritis is associated with reduced visceral fat mass and percentage body fat: the Trøndelag Health study
Authors: Osman Abdirizak Ali , Hoff Mari , Videm Vibeke 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe associations of physical activity (PA) with body composition among persons with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are not well described. The objective was to investigate associations of PA with visceral fat mass and percentage body fat in persons with PsA of different age groups. Persons with PsA (CASPAR criteria, n = 356), and controls (n = 47,470) from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4, 2017–2019) were included. Visceral fat mass and percentage body fat measured using bioelectrical impedance were primary outcomes in multivariable linear regression analysis. PsA, PA (questionnaire data), and age were explanatory variables, with adjustment for sex, smoking, heart disease, lung disease, and height. An interaction term between PsA and age was included in both models. Persons with PsA had altered body composition, including higher visceral fat mass and percentage body fat, especially those < 40 years of age (p ≤ 0.01). Moderate or high PA was associated with significantly lower values of the primary outcomes. Differences were Moderate compared to low PA: 1.4 kg (95% CI 1.3, 1.5 kg) lower visceral fat mass, and 2.0% (95% CI 1.8, 2.1) lower percentage body fat. Differences were High compared to low PA: 3.2 kg (95% CI 3.1, 3.3) lower visceral fat mass and 5.0% (95% CI 4.8, 5.1%) lower percentage body fat. Persons with PsA had higher visceral fat mass and percentage body fat, especially if < 40 years, and PA was associated with lower values of both endpoints. Changes of body composition in persons with PsA may influence important health outcomes and should be addressed in clinical practice.
Vortex force decomposition—forces associated with individual elements of a vorticity field
Authors: Gehlert Pascal , Andreu-Angulo Ignacio , Babinsky Holger 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe impulse theory used to calculate the force from a vorticity distribution in two-dimensional, incompressible flow, is re-cast with the aim of approximating, to a first order, the forces generated by a specific flow feature, such as a free vortex passing by an object. To achieve this, the force acting on the body is split up into several core contributions. The first component arises from the time variation of the body’s boundary layer. The second is generated by the advection of any free vorticity located in the flowfield by the object’s boundary layer vorticity. The final force contribution is due to new vorticity being shed. To test the theory, it is applied to two multi-body flowfields consisting of a circular cylinder and a flat plate wing at incidence in close proximity. Force balance measurements and planar particle image velocimetry data are simultaneously obtained at Reynolds numbers of $$10\,000$$

10

000

and $$20\,000$$

20

000

. The forces acting on the cylinder are successfully recovered from the vorticity data using the derived formulation, verifying its accuracy. Subsequently, the proposed force formulation is used to create force heat maps that demonstrate how the location of a leading edge vortex affects its force contribution around a pitching NACA-0021 wing translating at a Reynolds number of $$10\, 000$$

10

000

.
Association of mitochondrial DNA variation with high myopia in a Han Chinese population
Authors: Xing Shilai , Jiang Siyi , Wang Siyu , Lin Peng , Sun Haojun , Peng Hui , Yang Jiaying , Kong Hengte , Wang Sheng , Bai Qingshi , Qiu Ruowen , Dai Wei , Yuan Jian , Ma Yunlong ,   Myopia Associated Genetics and Intervention Consortium, Yu Xiaoguang , Yao Yinghao , Su Jianzhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh myopia (HM), which is characterized by oxidative stress, is one of the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness across the world. Family and population genetic studies have uncovered nuclear-genome variants in proteins functioned in the mitochondria. However, whether mitochondrial DNA mutations are involved in HM remains unexplored. Here, we performed the first large-scale whole-mitochondrial genome study in 9613 HM cases and 9606 control subjects of Han Chinese ancestry for identifying HM-associated mitochondrial variants. The single-variant association analysis identified nine novel genetic variants associated with HM reaching the entire mitochondrial wide significance level, including rs370378529 inND2with an odds ratio (OR) of 5.25. Interestingly, eight out of nine variants were predominantly located in related sub-haplogroups, i.e. m.5261G > A in B4b1c, m.12280A > G in G2a4, m.7912G > A in D4a3b, m.94G > A in D4e1, m.14857 T > C in D4e3, m.14280A > G in D5a2, m.16272A > G in G2a4, m.8718A > G in M71 and F1a3, indicating that the sub-haplogroup background can increase the susceptible risk for high myopia. The polygenic risk score analysis of the target and validation cohorts indicated a high accuracy for predicting HM with mtDNA variants (AUC = 0.641). Cumulatively, our findings highlight the critical roles of mitochondrial variants in untangling the genetic etiology of HM.
Open, Closed, and Non-Degenerate Embedding Dimensions of Neural Codes
Authors: Jeffs R. Amzi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study the open, closed, and non-degenerate embedding dimensions of neural codes, which are the smallest respective dimensions in which one can find a realization of a code consisting of convex sets that are open, closed, or non-degenerate in a sense defined by Cruz, Giusti, Itskov, and Kronholm. For a given code $$\mathcal {C}$$
C
we define the embedding dimension vector to be the triple (a, b, c) consisting of these embedding dimensions. Existing results guarantee that $$\max {\{a,b\}}\le c$$

max

{
a
,
b
}

≤
c

, and we show that when any of these dimensions is at least 2 this is the only restriction on such vectors. Specifically, for every triple (a, b, c) with $$2\le \min {\{a,b\}}$$

2
≤
min

{
a
,
b
}

and $$\max {\{a,b\}}\le c\le \infty $$

max

{
a
,
b
}

≤
c
≤
∞

we construct a code $$\mathcal {C}_{(a,b,c)}$$

C

(
a
,
b
,
c
)

whose embedding dimension vector is exactly (a, b, c) (where an embedding dimension is $$\infty $$
∞
if there is no realization of the corresponding type). Our constructions combine two existing tools in the convex neural codes literature: sunflowers of convex open sets, and rigid structures, the latter of which was recently defined in work of Chan, Johnston, Lent, Ruys de Perez, and Shiu. Our constructions provide the first examples of codes whose closed embedding dimension is larger than their open embedding dimension, but still finite.
FEM–CM as a hybrid approach for multiscale modeling and simulation of ferroelectric boundary value problems
Authors: Wakili Reschad , Lange Stephan , Ricoeur Andreas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConstitutive modeling of ferroelectrics is a challenging task, spanning physical processes on different scales from unit cell switching and domain wall motion to polycrystalline behavior. The condensed method (CM) is a semi-analytical approach, which has been efficiently applied to various problems in this context, ranging from self-heating and damage evolution to energy harvesting. Engineering applications, however, inevitably require the solution of arbitrary boundary value problems, including the complex multiphysical constitutive behavior, in order to analyze multifunctional devices with integrated ferroelectric components. The well-established finite element method (FEM) is commonly used for this purpose, allowing sufficient flexibility in model design to successfully handle most tasks. A restricting aspect, especially if many calculations are required within, e.g., an optimization process, is the computational cost which can be considerable if two or even more scales are involved. The FEM–CM approach, where a numerical discretization scheme for the macroscale is merged with a semi-analytical methodology targeting at material-related scales, proves to be very efficient in this respect.
Organtransplantierte Patienten in der Notaufnahme
Authors: Schröder Christoph , Hillebrand Uta , Voßiek Luca Jan , Schmidt Bernhard M. W. , Brod Torben 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Patienten nach solider Organtransplantation stellen in der Notaufnahme ein spezielles Kollektiv dar, wobei atypische Beschwerdebilder sowie komplexe Begleitfaktoren die Behandler vor besondere Herausforderungen stellen.

Ziel der Arbeit
Charakterisierung von organtransplantierten Patienten in der Notaufnahme im Hinblick auf ihre Leitsymptome bzw. Diagnosen und Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Transplantatorganen.

Material und Methoden
Retrospektive deskriptive Analyse von Patienten nach solider Organtransplantation, die sich innerhalb von 2 Jahren in der Notaufnahme der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover vorgestellt haben.

Ergebnisse
Untersucht wurden 977 Vorstellungen organtransplantierter Patienten. Führende Leitsymptome waren Fieber (23,6 %), allgemeine Schwäche (19,2 %) und Bauchschmerzen (17,0 %). Am häufigsten konnte die Diagnose eines akuten Infekts (43,8 %) gestellt werden, gefolgt von der akuten Funktionsverschlechterung des Organtransplantats (19,3 %). In der Subgruppe des akuten Infekts waren bei nierentransplantierten Patienten (NTx) die ableitenden Harnwege, bei lebertransplantierten (LeTx) die Gallenwege und bei lungentransplantierten Patienten (LuTx) die Atemwege der primäre Fokus. In der Subgruppe der Patienten mit akuter Funktionsverschlechterung des Organtransplantats zeigte sich bei NTx-Patienten die infektbedingte Transplantatverschlechterung führend, während bei LeTx- und LuTx-Patienten die akute Abstoßung überwog.

Schlussfolgerungen
Fieber und akute Schwäche sind häufige, jedoch unspezifische Beschwerdebilder, die zur Vorstellung organtransplantierter Patienten in der Notaufnahme führen. Diesen liegt vielfach eine Infektion oder eine akute Verschlechterung der Transplantatfunktion zugrunde.
A hybrid estimation of distribution algorithm for the offline 2D variable-sized bin packing problem
Authors: Borgulya Istvan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper we present an evolutionary heuristic for the offline two-dimensional variable-sized bin packing problem. In this problem we have to pack a set of rectangles into two-dimensional variable-sized rectangular bins. The bins are divided into types, and the bins in different types have different sizes and possibly different weights (costs). There are (sufficiently) many bins from each type, and any rectangle fits into at least one bin-type. The goal is to pack the rectangles into the bins without overlap, parallel to the sides, so that the total area of the used bins (or total cost) is minimized. Our algorithm is a hybrid heuristic. It uses two different techniques to generate the descendants: either estimation of distribution algorithm and sampling the resulting probability model, or applying the usual operators of evolutionary algorithms (selection, mutation). To pack the rectangles into the bins the algorithm uses the strategy of randomly choosing one of two placement heuristics, that pack always only one group (one to three) of rectangles. It improves the quality of the solutions with three local search procedures. The algorithm has been tested on benchmark instances from the literature and has been compared with other heuristics and metaheuristics. Our algorithm outperformed the previously published results.
Recommender Systems in Cybersecurity
Authors: Ferreira Leonardo , Silva Daniel Castro , Itzazelaia Mikel Uriarte 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith the growth of CyberTerrorism, enterprises worldwide have been struggling to stop intruders from obtaining private data. Despite the efforts made by Cybersecurity experts, the shortage of skillful security teams and the usage of intelligent attacks have slowed down the enhancement of defense mechanisms. Furthermore, the pandemic in 2020 forced organizations to work in remote environments with poor security, leading to increased cyberattacks. One possible solution for these problems is the implementation of Recommender Systems to assist Cybersecurity human operators. Our goal is to survey the application of Recommender Systems in Cybersecurity architectures. These decision-support tools deal with information overload through filtering and prioritization methods, allowing businesses to increase revenue, achieve better user satisfaction, and make faster and more efficient decisions in various domains (e-commerce, healthcare, finance, and other fields). Several reports demonstrate the potential of using these recommendation structures to enhance the detection and prevention of cyberattacks and aid Cybersecurity experts in treating client incidents. This survey discusses several studies where Recommender Systems are implemented in Cybersecurity with encouraging results. One promising direction explored by the community is using Recommender Systems as attack predictors and navigation assistance tools. As contributions, we show the recent efforts in this area and summarize them in a table. Furthermore, we provide an in-depth analysis of potential research lines. For example, the inclusion of Recommender Systems in security information event management systems and security orchestration, automation, and response applications could decrease their complexity and information overload.
Clinical reasoning in pharmacy: What do eye movements and verbal protocols tell us about the processing of a case task?
Authors: Södervik Ilona , Hanski Leena , Boshuizen Henny P. A. , Katajavuori Nina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates pharmacy students’ reasoning while solving a case task concerning an acute patient counselling situation in a pharmacy. Participants’ (N = 34) reasoning processes were investigated with written tasks utilizing eye-tracking in combination with verbal protocols. The case was presented in three pages, each page being followed by written questions. Eye movements were recorded during case processing. Success in the task required differentiating the relevant information from the task redundant information, and initial activation of several scripts and verification of the most likely one, when additional information became available. 2nd (n = 16) and 3rd (n = 18)-year students’ and better and worse succeeding students’ processes were compared. The results showed that only a few 2nd-year students solved the case correctly, whereas almost all of the 3rd-year students were successful. Generally, the average total processing times of the case material did not differ between the groups. However, better-succeeding and 3rd-year students processed the very first task-relevant sentences longer, indicating that they were able to focus on relevant information. Differences in the written answers to the 2nd and 3rd question were significant, whereas differences regarding the first question were not. Thus, eye-tracking seems to be able to capture illness script activation during case processing, but other methods are needed to depict the script verification process. Based on the results, pedagogical suggestions for advancing pharmacy education are discussed.
NPD1 Plus RvD1 Mediated Ischemic Stroke Penumbra Protection Increases Expression of Pro-homeostatic Microglial and Astrocyte Genes
Authors: Reid Madigan M. , Kautzmann Marie-Audrey I. , Andrew Gethein , Obenaus Andre , Mukherjee Pranab K. , Khoutorova Larissa , Ji Jeff X. , Roque Cassia R. , Oria Reinaldo B. , Habeb Bola F. , Belayev Ludmila , Bazan Nicolas G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNeuroprotection to attenuate or block the ischemic cascade and salvage neuronal damage has been extensively explored for treating ischemic stroke. However, despite increasing knowledge of the physiologic, mechanistic, and imaging characterizations of the ischemic penumbra, no effective neuroprotective therapy has been found. This study focuses on the neuroprotective bioactivity of docosanoid mediators: Neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), Resolvin D1 (RvD1), and their combination in experimental stroke. Molecular targets of NPD1 and RvD1 are defined by following dose–response and therapeutic window. We demonstrated that treatment with NPD1, RvD1, and combination therapy provides high-grade neurobehavioral recovery and decreases ischemic core and penumbra volumes even when administered up to 6 h after stroke. The expression of the following genes was salient: (a) Cd163, an anti-inflammatory stroke-associated gene, was the most differentially expressed gene by NPD1+RvD1, displaying more than a 123-fold upregulation in the ipsilesional penumbra (Lisi et al., Neurosci Lett 645:106–112, 2017); (b) 100-fold upregulation takes place in astrocyte gene PTX3, a key regulator of neurogenesis and angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia (. Rodriguez-Grande et al., J Neuroinflammation 12:15, 2015); and (c) Tmem119 and P2y12, two markers of homeostatic microglia, were found to be enhanced by ten- and fivefold, respectively (Walker et al. Int J Mol Sci 21:678, 2020). Overall, we uncovered that protection after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) by the lipid mediators elicits expression of microglia and astrocyte-specific genes (Tmem119, Fcrls, Osmr, Msr1, Cd68, Cd163, Amigo2, Thbs1, and Tm4sf1) likely participating in enhancing homeostatic microglia, modulating neuroinflammation, promoting DAMP clearance, activating NPC differentiation and maturation, synapse integrity and contributing to cell survival.
Graphical Abstract
Green Innovation and Economic Growth in a North–South Model
Authors: Witajewski-Baltvilks Jan , Fischer Carolyn 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIf one region of the world switches its research effort from dirty to clean technologies, will other regions follow? To investigate this question, this paper builds a North–South model that combines insights from directed technological change and quality-ladder endogenous growth models with business-stealing innovations. While North represents the region with climate ambitions, both regions have researchers choosing between clean and dirty applications, and the resulting technologies are traded. Three main results emerge: (1) In the long run, if the North’s research and development (R&D) sector is sufficiently large, researchers in South will follow the switch from dirty to clean R&D made by researchers in North, motivated by the growing value of clean markets. (2) If the two regions direct research effort toward different sectors and the outputs of the two sectors are gross substitutes, then the long-run growth rates in both regions will be lower than if the global research effort were invested in one sector. (3) If the North’s government induces its researchers to switch to clean R&D through clean technology subsidies, the welfare-maximising choice for South is to ensure that all of its researchers switch too, unless the social discount rate is high. The last result is true even if the South’s R&D sector is large.
Determination of Hydrofluoric Acid Formation During Fire Accidents of Lithium-Ion Batteries with a Direct Cooling System Based on the Refrigeration Liquids
Authors: Lombardo G. , Foreman Mark R. St. J. , Ebin B. , Yeung L. W. Y. , Steenari B. M. , Petranikova M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo avoid overheating of the batteries, which could lead to a fire, Lithium-ion batteries are provided with a thermal management system using refrigeration liquids. Since some of the commercial dielectric liquids used as refrigeration liquids contain halogens, their presence will contribute to a formation of hazardous emissions such as hydrofluoric acid during a potential fire. In this study, a simulation of a high temperature accident has been performed for lithium-ion batteries cooled with the direct immersion cooling systems using single-phase dielectric liquids to define their contribution to HF formation. Four commercial refrigeration liquids based on perfluoropolyethers, hydrofluoroether and polyalphaolefin were investigated in this work. By simulation of a fire, it was observed that the refrigeration liquids delayed the smoke formation by a factor of 2 to 2.5 in comparison to the case when the battery was burned without the cooling liquid. By analysis of the fluoride concentration in the washing system, it was determined that without the refrigeration liquid approximately 46.8 mmol/l of [F] was captured after the fire. When refrigeration liquids based on two perfluoropolyethers and hydrofluoroether were applied, the fluoride concentration in the washing system was 259 mmol/l, 173 mmol/l and 145 mmol/l, respectively. This work also proposed the reaction mechanisms of the refrigeration liquid´s decomposition during a fire. It was concluded that the refrigeration liquid based on polyalphaolefin does not contribute to the additional formation of hydrofluoric acid due to the chemical stability and low content of fluoride and can be considered as a more sustainable alternative for a direct cooling system for Lithium-ion batteries.