bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mandibular fracture repair techniques in cats: a dentist’s perspective
Authors: Freeman Alix , Southerden Peter 
Published: February 2023

Practical relevance: Feline head trauma injuries are common in general practice, often resulting in mandibular fracture. An understanding of the recent advances in the field of mandibular fracture repair will facilitate evidence-based decision-making in clinical practice. Clinical challenges: Feline maxillofacial and oral anatomy brings unique challenges in comparison with dogs. It has been commonplace to adapt techniques and equipment that are better suited to other body regions or are species-inappropriate for use in feline maxillofacial surgery, and this has traditionally resulted in high morbidity. Aims: This review presents an overview of the diagnosis of, and decison-making for, maxillofacial trauma in cats, specifically with reference to the feline mandible. The challenges associated with the management of these injuries are presented. Techniques for repair that can be employed in general practice, as well as more advanced surgical options, are discussed, as well as the indications for invasive vs non-invasive management. Underutilised methods involving composite dental materials and their versatility for the repair of mandibular fractures in cats, and miniplates for caudal mandibular fractures in cats, are specifically covered, as well as other recent advances in the field, including three-dimensional printing and custom-printed implants. Evidence base: Management of feline facial fractures is an often neglected topic, with very few published studies choosing to focus on head trauma outcomes in cats. Where available, however, this review draws on the published literature, as well as the authors’ own clinical experience.
Two-Year Results of a First-In-Human Study in Patients Surgically Implanted With a Bioprosthetic Venous Valve, the VenoValve in Patients With Severe Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Authors: Ulloa Jorge H. , Cifuentes Sebastian , Figueroa Valentin , Glickman Marc 
Published: February 2023

Objective Two-year follow-up results from a first-in-human study of patients implanted with the VenoValve are evaluated for supporting the long-term clinical safety and performance of the device. Background Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) involves improper functioning of lower limb vein valves and inability of these valves to move blood back towards the heart. CVI symptoms include swelling, varicose veins, pain, and leg ulcers. Currently, there is no cure for this condition and treatment options are limited. This study provides 2-year outcomes for 8 patients who were implanted with the bioprosthetic VenoValve for treating severe CVI with deep venous reflux measured at the mid-popliteal vein. The 6-month and 1-year results were previously published. Methods Eleven patients with C5 & C6 CVI were implanted with VenoValve into the midthigh femoral vein and followed for 2 years. Assessed clinical outcomes include device-related adverse events, reflux time, disease severity, and pain scores. Results All 11 implant procedures were successful. Two-year follow-up data was obtained for 8 subjects: 1 patient died of non-device related causes, 1 was lost to follow-up, and 1 refused to follow-up due to the COVID-19 pandemic. No device-related adverse events occurred between the first and second years of follow-up. Reported 2-year clinical performance outcomes included significant decreases in mean reflux times of the mid-popliteal vein (61%), and significant improvements in mean scores for disease severity rVCSS (56%) and VAS pain (87%). Conclusions Results from this study support long-term safety and effectiveness of the VenoValve for improving CVI severity by reducing reflux and thereby venous pressures in the lower extremities. With limited treatments for valvular incompetence involved in severe, deep venous CVI, the device may be considered as a novel therapy. A pivotal trial in the United States is currently being conducted to assess the device in a larger number of patients.
CCAD or eCRS: Defining Eosinophilic Subpopulations in Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Sit Andrea , Alvarado Raquel , Earls Peter , Rimmer Janet , Kalish Larry , Campbell Raewyn , Sewell William , Harvey Richard J. 
Published: February 2023

Background Central compartment atopic disease (CCAD) and eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (eCRS) are two clinical phenotypes of primary diffuse type 2 chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) defined in the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis 2020 classification. Currently, the distinction between these subtypes relies on phenotypic features alone. Objective This study aimed to investigate whether eosinophil activation differed between CCAD and eCRS. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted of adult patients presenting with CCAD and eCRS who had undergone functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Routine pathology results were obtained from clinical records. Eosinophils were counted on haematoxylin and eosin-stained formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sinonasal tissue. Eotaxin-3, eosinophil peroxidase and immunoglobulin E levels were assessed using immunohistochemistry. Results 38 participants were included (51.7 ± 15.6 years, 47.4% female), of whom 36.8% were diagnosed with CCAD and 63.2% with eCRS. The eCRS group was characterised by older age (55.8 ± 16.3 vs 44.5 ± 11.8 years, p = 0.029), and on histology exhibited a higher degree of tissue inflammation ( τb = 0.409, p = 0.011), greater proportion of patients with >100 eosinophils/high power field (87.5% vs 50%, p = 0.011), and higher absolute tissue eosinophil count (2141 ± 1947 vs 746 ± 519 cells/mm2, p = 0.013). Eotaxin-3 scores were higher in the eCRS group (5.00[5.00–6.00] vs 6.00[6.00–6.75], p  = 0.015). Other outcomes were similar. Conclusions Eosinophil and eotaxin-3 levels were elevated in eCRS compared with CCAD, suggesting a greater degree of eosinophil stimulation and chemotaxis. Patients with CCAD were younger. Future investigation and biomarkers may better distinguish CRS subpopulations.
Law Education in Japan and China: Comparative Analysis Focusing on Law-Related Materials
Authors: Umeno (うめの　まさのぶ) Masanobu , Fukuda (ふくだ　よしひこ) Yoshihiko , Inoue (いのうえ　なほ) Naho 
Published: February 2023

Purpose This study examines law-related education in Japan and China to reveal the current state of research and identify the roles, possibilities, and challenges facing such teaching at the elementary, junior high, and senior high school levels. This study conducts a comparative review of research on perspectives toward law education in both countries, as well as the characteristics of and issues facing law education in Japan. Design/Approach/Methods This study examines trends in research and educational reform related to law education in Japan. In doing so, it evaluates how the characteristics of and issues facing law education in Japan are related to law education in China. Findings Results show no evidence of a systematic study of law in Japan. Reforming subjects to engage in collaborative learning is a more realistic strategy than attempting to design wholly new subjects. Accordingly, exploring what kind of learning activities are linked to law-abiding education in China offers insights and references for Japan. Adapting these strategies to the Japanese context and law material can help create a more systematic form of learning. Originality/Value Through joint research by researchers and educators from East Asian countries, we intend to conduct further research on the development of curricula, textbooks, and class models suited to specific subjects. Employing the joint research learning approach discussed in this study in Japan and China may result in further learning possibilities.
The Incremental Role of Higher Education in the Soft Power Milieu: Impressions From China and India
Authors: Bhardwaj Akhil , Kumar Mohan 
Published: February 2023

This paper will trace trends in cooperation and contestation in the higher education space, as a possible driver of wider change in the soft power of a nation. While countries in North America and Europe increasingly contend with the idea of knowledge societies, emerging countries such as China and India are found to be building their own capacities and staking claims for leadership in various ways. One of the important aspects of Chinese and Indian attempts towards developing an effective knowledge society for the holistic development of the two countries is to build a network of quality higher education Institutions through path breaking schemes and subsidiaries ultimately benefiting their Universities and Institutions to be globally benchmarked. This includes Chinese initiatives like Project 985, C-9 League and Project 211 (as well as programmes within the umbrella of Belt and Road) and Indian Initiatives like the Institutions of Eminence and Study in India to name a few. The paper also proposes to analyse the changing mind-set of the two Governments especially CPC in China towards the need of projecting its knowledge society at the global platform. Given this scenario, the paper will outline patterns of change and continuity, hoping to stimulate a more dynamic debate on diverse notions of order articulated through processes of knowledge creation and dissemination. The recent experience of Higher education and its internationalisation being no longer immune from systemic forces and developments in geopolitics and diplomacy, we will argue that the potential of education to shape and reshape the global order demands closer, longue duree investigation.
Return to Play After Shoulder Arthroscopy in Major League Baseball Pitchers vs Position Players
Authors: Biagini Emily K. , Peebles Liam A. , Higgins Margaret , Stamm Michaela , Lefante John J. , Mulcahey Mary K. 
Published: February 2023

Background: Recovery from shoulder arthroscopy may vary between professional pitchers and position players in Major League Baseball (MLB). The time that it takes to return to play (RTP) and the level of skills to be regained after surgery are important factors for an athlete to consider when making career decisions. Purpose: To identify MLB players who had arthroscopic shoulder surgery and observe their rates of RTP to MLB and the minor league, as well as to compare pre- and postinjury performance statistics and career metrics. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Public records (press releases, http://www.prosportstransactions.com , http://www.baseball-reference.com ) were searched and analyzed to determine the number of days from shoulder arthroscopy to RTP and pre- and postinjury statistics for pitchers and position players in the MLB and minor league from 1998 to 2018. To meet inclusion criteria, a player must have undergone shoulder arthroscopy after having played at least 1 game in the MLB and had no identifiable concomitant injuries. Results: Of 134 players, 89 (66.4%) returned to MLB. Fifty-four of 89 pitchers (60.7%) and 35 of 45 position players (77.8%) returned to MLB ( P = .048). Forty-nine of 54 pitchers (90.7%) and 23 of 35 position players (65.7%) who returned to MLB returned to the minor league first. The mean time to RTP was 469.6 days (range, 100-1079 days) for pitchers and 301.6 days (range, 94-1488) for position players ( P = .002). The WAR statistic (wins above replacement) for the pitchers decreased significantly ( P = .004) after shoulder arthroscopy. Conclusion: MLB position players returned to play at higher rates and more quickly than did pitchers. The WAR statistic declined in pitchers during the first season of RTP. Players undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery should be aware of these possible outcomes in time to RTP and postoperative performance.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension Among Adults in Gurage Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Solomon Mamo , Shiferaw Bisrat Zeleke , Tarekegn Tadesse Tsehay , GebreEyesus Fisha Alebel , Mengist Shegaw Tesfa , Mammo Mitiku , Mewahegn Agerie Aynalem , Mengiste Bethelihem Tadesse , Terefe Tamene Fetene 
Published: February 2023

Introduction Hypertension affects over a billion people worldwide, making it a major public health problem. The problem is significant in both developed and developing countries. However, studies are scarce in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Objectives This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors at the community level, in South Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed on a sample of 680 participants in the study from April 1 to June 30, 2022. An interview administer was conducted using a standardized and pretested questionnaire was employed. The Epi data 3.1 versions were used to enter data and then exported into SPSS version 23 for analysis. All variables in the multivariable logistic analysis were a candidate with a bi-variable at p < .25. The multivariable logistic regressions were performed to determine the predictors of hypertension, and the significance level was established with p < .05. Results There were a total of 635 participants and the response rate was 93.4%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 22.0% [95% CI; 19.1–25.4]. The mean age of the participants was 40.8 ± 12.88 years. Being older age (AOR: 1.95; 95%CI; 1.13–3.36), family history [AOR: 2.65, 95%; CI (1.29–5.45)], eating animal fat [AOR: 0.21, 95%; CI (0.08–0.52)], smoking cigarettes [AOR: 4.06, 95%; CI (2.24–7.36)] and had poor knowledge about hypertension [AOR: 2.69, 95%; CI (1.61–4.49)] were significantly associated with raised blood pressure. Conclusions Hypertension was prevalent in one out of every five study participants. Older age, family history of hypertension, animal fat intake, cigarette smoking, and lack of knowledge were found to be significant factors for hypertension. To address the burden of hypertension, health care practitioners should provide broad health education, routine screening, and promotion of recommended lifestyle measures.
Frailty and its combined effects with lifestyle factors on cognitive function: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Fangqing , Yan Yike , Zheng Lei , Wang Chenming , Guan Xin , Hong Shiru , Guo Huan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Frailty describes an age-related state of deterioration in biological function. This study aimed to investigate the association between frailty and cognitive function and its combined effects with lifestyles.

Methods
A total of 3,279 participants from the Dongfeng-Tongji (DFTJ) cohort were tested the cognitive function by using the Chinese version of Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Frailty was evaluated based on a 35-item frailty index (FI). Frailty status was dichotomized into robust (FI < 0.15) and frail (FI ≥ 0.15). Multivariate generalized linear regression models and logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations of frailty with MMSE score and cognitive impairment. We also analysed the modification and combined effects of lifestyle factors, including smoking status, drinking status, and regular physical exercise, on the above associations.

Results
FI was significantly associated with lower MMSE score [β (95%Cl) = -0.28 (-0.43, -0.13)] and cognitive impairment [OR (95%Cl) = 1.19 (1.04, 1.35)]. The association of frailty status with MMSE were found to be stronger among ever smokers [β(95%Cl) = -1.08 (-1.64, -0.51)] and physical inactive individuals [β(95%Cl) = -1.59 (-2.63, -0.54)] while weaker or not significant among never smokers [β(95%Cl) = -0.30 (-0.62, 0.01)] and physical active individuals [β(95%Cl) = -0.37 (-0.65, -0.08))]. There were significant combined effects of frailty status with unhealthy lifestyles including smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical inactive on cognitive impairment.

Conclusions
Frailty was associated with cognitive impairment among Chinese middle-aged and elderly people, while smoking cessation and regular physical exercise could attenuate the above associations, which highlight the potential preventive interventions.
Risk factors for self-reported medication adherence in community-dwelling older patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Jiaming , Yu Yongpei , Yan Suying , Zeng Yan , Su Su , He Tiantian , Wang Zimin , Ding Qian , Zhang Ruixue , Li Wenchao , Wang Xin , Zhang Lan , Yue Xiaolin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Medication nonadherence is a significant public health problem as it contributes to poor clinical outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Older patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy often have low medication adherence. These patients also have a high prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use.

Aim
To explore risk factors related to medication nonadherence in older patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy and examine the association between medication nonadherence and PIM use.

Method
A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from May to December 2019 in 16 tertiary hospitals from 12 provinces and cities in China. Data were collected from outpatients 65 years or older with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The PIMs were evaluated using the 2019 Beers Criteria. Self-reported medication adherence was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

Results
A total of 773 outpatients were recruited. The prevalence of medication nonadherence was 31.8%. In the univariate analysis, nonadherence was significantly associated with sex, cognitive impairment, stroke, visiting the same physicians, self-administration of medication, the percentage of drug costs ≥ 10% of the medical expenses, and PIMs for the alimentary tract and metabolism. In the multivariate analysis, the results almost paralleled those of the univariate associations. Notably, the use of PIM was significantly associated with medication adherence.

Conclusion
Several factors that influence medication adherence were identified. Targeted interventions can be implemented to improve medication adherence, such as encouraging self-administering medications and reducing medication expenses.
Effect of invasive aspergillosis on risk for different causes of death in older patients with acute myeloid leukaemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: van Grootveld Rebecca , Masarotto Valentina , von dem Borne Peter A. , Blijlevens Nicole M. A. , Chitu Dana A. , van der Beek Martha T. , Fiocco Marta , de Boer Mark G. J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Study objectives were to estimate the cumulative incidence of death due to different causes of death (CODs) and investigate the effect of invasive aspergillosis (IA) on each separate COD in a cohort of older patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) included in the Haemato-Oncology Foundation for Adults in the Netherlands (HOVON) 43 randomized controlled trial.

Methods
Pre-collected data from the trial was obtained from the HOVON data center and relevant clinical information was extracted. The cumulative incidence of death due to different CODs was estimated with a competing risk model and the association between each COD and prognostic factors, including IA, were investigated with a cause-specific hazard Cox regression model.

Results
In total 806 patients were included, mean age of 70 years and 55% were male. The cumulative incidences of death due to leukaemia or infection at 3, 6, 12 and 36 months were 0.06, 0.11, 0.23, 0.42 and 0.17, 0.19, 0.22, 0.25 respectively. Incidence of IA was 21% and diagnosis of IA up until the final chemotherapy cycle was associated with an increased risk of dying from leukaemia (cause-specific hazard ratio (CSHR): 1.75, 95% CI 1.34–2.28) and a trend was seen for infection (CSHR: 1.36, 95% CI 0.96–1.91).

Conclusion
Leukaemia was the most likely cause of death over time, however in the first year after diagnosis of AML or high-risk MDS infection was the most likely cause of death. Patients with IA had a relatively increased risk of dying from leukaemia or infection.
Study on the prediction effect of a combined model of SARIMA and LSTM based on SSA for influenza in Shanxi Province, China
Authors: Zhao Zhiyang , Zhai Mengmeng , Li Guohua , Gao Xuefen , Song Wenzhu , Wang Xuchun , Ren Hao , Cui Yu , Qiao Yuchao , Ren Jiahui , Chen Limin , Qiu Lixia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease that is highly infectious and seriously damages human health. Reasonable prediction is of great significance to control the epidemic of influenza.

Methods
Our Influenza data were extracted from Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Seasonal-trend decomposition using Loess (STL) was adopted to analyze the season characteristics of the influenza in Shanxi Province, China, from the 1st week in 2010 to the 52nd week in 2019. To handle the insufficient prediction performance of the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model in predicting the nonlinear parts and the poor accuracy of directly predicting the original sequence, this study established the SARIMA model, the combination model of SARIMA and Long-Short Term Memory neural network (SARIMA-LSTM) and the combination model of SARIMA-LSTM based on Singular spectrum analysis (SSA-SARIMA-LSTM) to make predictions and identify the best model. Additionally, the Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the performance of the models.

Results
The influenza time series in Shanxi Province from the 1st week in 2010 to the 52nd week in 2019 showed a year-by-year decrease with obvious seasonal characteristics. The peak period of the disease mainly concentrated from the end of the year to the beginning of the next year. The best fitting and prediction performance was the SSA-SARIMA-LSTM model. Compared with the SARIMA model, the MSE, MAE and RMSE of the SSA-SARIMA-LSTM model decreased by 38.12, 17.39 and 21.34%, respectively, in fitting performance; the MSE, MAE and RMSE decreased by 42.41, 18.69 and 24.11%, respectively, in prediction performances. Furthermore, compared with the SARIMA-LSTM model, the MSE, MAE and RMSE of the SSA-SARIMA-LSTM model decreased by 28.26, 14.61 and 15.30%, respectively, in fitting performance; the MSE, MAE and RMSE decreased by 36.99, 7.22 and 20.62%, respectively, in prediction performances.

Conclusions
The fitting and prediction performances of the SSA-SARIMA-LSTM model were better than those of the SARIMA and the SARIMA-LSTM models. Generally speaking, we can apply the SSA-SARIMA-LSTM model to the prediction of influenza, and offer a leg-up for public policy.
Pleural effusion caused by Trichinella spiralis infection: two case reports
Authors: Pan Zhen-zhen , Zhu Miao-juan , Rong Yu-qiong , Yang Jiong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Trichinosis is a worldwide food-borne zoonotic parasitic disease, which is mainly obtained by ingesting undercooked meat containing infected larvae. The purpose of our article is to introduce and discuss two rare cases of pleural effusion caused by Trichinella spiralis.

Case presentation
Here we described two male patients who presented to the respiratory department of our hospital with a massive unilateral pleural effusion, their serum eosinophils were in the normal range, laboratory serological tests revealed that Trichinella spiralis IgG antibody was positive. After the oral administration of antiparasitic drugs, the pleural effusion of two patients was completely absorbed.

Conclusion
Both patients were diagnosed with Trichinosis complicated with pleural effusion, which is very rare in the clinic and easy to be misdiagnosed because of normal eosinophils.