bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relation of the work ability index to fitness for work in healthcare and public employees in a region of Northeastern Italy
Authors: Ronchese Federico , Ricci Francesca , Peccolo Giulia , Persechino Benedetta , Rondinone Bruna Maria , Buresti Giuliana , Negro Corrado , Bovenzi Massimo , Miani Andrea 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Work ability indicates an individual’s capacity to match job demands according to his/her physical and mental conditions and work circumstances. Occupational physicians should take into consideration the global health status of a worker in order to correctly assess if he/she is fit for the job. The aim of this study was to verify the association between fitness for work evaluation and Work Ability Index scores, as well as individual factors (age, gender, and anthropometric characteristics) and work-related variables (job type, years of working duration).

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted within the occupational health surveillance of health and public employers in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region (2018–2022). The participants voluntarily agreed to answer the standard Work Ability Index questionnaire. Data were investigated by univariable as well as multivariable regression analysis.

Results
The Work Ability Index of the workers included in the study (N = 6893) resulted negatively associated with age, female sex, and body mass index. It was averagely lower in nurses and assistive personnel, and the highest in medical doctors and public employers. The fitness for work assessments was also statistically related to WAI scores. The results obtained from the univariable and the multivariable analysis were consistent.

Conclusions
The Work Ability Index is an efficient tool to measure an individual’s capability to sustain job demands, and can be taken into account to produce a correct fitness for work evaluation and consequently preserve workers’ health status.
Contraceptive methods and fertility testing in young adult survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: Cherven Brooke , Quast Lauren F. , Klosky James L. , Gerhardt Cynthia A. , Baust Katja , Calaminus Gabriele , Kaatsch Peter , Hagedoorn Mariët , Tuinman Marrit A. , Lehmann Vicky 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Reproductive health is important, but often neglected in cancer survivorship care. This study explored contraceptive use and factors associated with fertility testing among young adult survivors of childhood cancer in Germany.

Methods
Young adult survivors of childhood cancer were identified through the German Childhood Cancer Registry and completed a mailed survey. Survivors were queried regarding contraceptive use, reproductive goals, uncertainty about fertility, and completion or interest in fertility testing. Multivariable stepwise logistic regression models were used to calculate Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as a means of identifying factors associated with completion of and interest in fertility testing.

Results
Survivors (N = 472; 57.8% female; aged 23.3 ± 1.5 years, and 14.9 ± 5.0 years from diagnosis), reported high rates of contraceptive use, including 61.2% using a single method, 30.6% dual methods, and 8.1% no/less effective methods. Few survivors had completed fertility testing (13.0%), although 58.8% were interested. Having been diagnosed during adolescence (OR = 2.66, 95%CI: 1.39–5.09), greater uncertainty about fertility (OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.03–1.31), and use of dual contraceptive methods (OR = 1.94, 95%CI: 1.02–3.69) were associated with having completed fertility testing. Factors associated with interest in fertility testing included goals of wanting to have children (OR = 7.76, 95%CI: 3.01–20.04) and greater uncertainty about fertility (OR = 1.19 95%CI: 1.06–1.33).

Conclusion
In this sample of young adults who survived childhood cancer, most reported contraceptive use. Few survivors had completed fertility testing, although more than half were interested. Interventions are needed to address potential barriers to fertility testing and help survivors manage fertility-related uncertainty.
Cyclic Hypersequent System for Transitive Closure Logic
Authors: Das Anupam , Girlando Marianna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe propose a cut-free cyclic system for transitive closure logic (TCL) based on a form ofhypersequents, suitable for automated reasoning via proof search. We show that previously proposed sequent systems are cut-free incomplete for basic validities from Kleene Algebra (KA) and propositional dynamic logic ($$\text {PDL}$$PDL), over standard translations. On the other hand, our system faithfully simulates known cyclic systems for KA and$$\text {PDL}$$PDL, thereby inheriting their completeness results. A peculiarity of our system is its richer correctness criterion, exhibiting ‘alternating traces’ and necessitating a more intricate soundness argument than for traditional cyclic proofs.
Finite Element Discretizations for Variable-Order Fractional Diffusion Problems
Authors: Lei Wenyu , Turkiyyah George , Knio Omar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe present a finite element discretization scheme for multidimensional fractional diffusion problems with spatially varying diffusivity and fractional order. We consider the symmetric integral form of these nonlocal equations defined on general geometries and in arbitrary bounded domains. A number of challenges are encountered when discretizing these equations. The first comes from the heterogeneous kernel singularity in the fractional integral operator. The second comes from the formally dense discrete operator with its quadratic growth in memory footprint and arithmetic operations. An additional challenge comes from the need to handle volume conditions—the generalization of classical local boundary conditions to the nonlocal setting. Satisfying these conditions requires that the effect of the whole domain, including both the interior and exterior regions, be computed on every interior point in the discretization. Performed directly, this would result in quadratic complexity. In order to address these challenges, we propose a strategy that decomposes the stiffness matrix into three components. The first is a sparse matrix that handles the singular near-field separately, and is computed by adapting singular quadrature techniques available for the homogeneous case to the case of spatially variable order. The second component handles the remaining smooth part of the near-field as well as the far-field, and is approximated by a hierarchical $${\mathcal {H}}^2$$

H

2

matrix that maintains linear complexity in storage and operations. The third component handles the effect of the global mesh at every node, and is written as a weighted mass matrix whose density is computed by a fast-multipole type method. The resulting algorithm has therefore overall linear space and time complexity. Analysis of the consistency of the stiffness matrix is provided and numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the convergence and performance of the proposed algorithm.
Religion, Spirituality, and Health Revisited: Bringing Mainline Western Protestant Perspectives Back into the Discourse—Theology’s “Seat at the Table”
Authors: Béres András 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTheological perspectives have been given short shrift in the literature on religion and health research. This study demonstrates how including different schools of mainline Western Protestant theological thought (evolutionist, correlationist, and dialectical) in the scientific process could contribute to clarifying controversies. The issue is not just theoretical: Theology can even challenge assumptions on elicitability and reproducibility. Theology perceives spirituality as a dialogue with the Total Other, thus making each encounter with the transcendent (not just the individuality of the person) unique and unpredictable. By accepting setbacks on a journey with wide-ranging aspirations, theology redefines health as the momentum of constant striving toward the divine spirit. Since these theological insights relate to interventions that affect patients’ intimacy, attempting to recognize the (albeit implicit) spiritual–theological standpoint of the patient and the self—and how these relate to authentic traditions of spirituality—appears to be an essential prerequisite for ethical spiritual intervention.
A multi-ecosystem prioritization framework to balance competing habitat conservation needs of multiple species in decline
Authors: Van Lanen Nicholas J. , Shyvers Jessica E. , Duchardt Courtney J. , Aldridge Cameron L. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Context
Individual species often drive habitat restoration action; however, management under this paradigm may negatively affect non-target species. Prioritization frameworks which explicitly consider benefits to target species while minimizing consequences for non-target species may improve management strategies and outcomes.

Objectives
We examined extents to which conifer removal, an approach frequently implemented to restore sagebrush ecosystems, can be conducted without detrimental effects to conifer-associated species, including the imperiled Pinyon Jay (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus). Additionally, we prioritized sites for conifer removal, and predicted abundance responses for multiple species following simulated conifer removal at selected sites to achieve variable management objectives.

Methods
We used model-predicted changes in species’ densities following simulated conifer removal to identify optimal removal sites under single species, multi-species (ecosystem), and multi-ecosystem management scenarios. We simulated conifer removal at prioritized sites and evaluated resulting changes in abundance for six passerine species.

Results
Management prioritized for a single species (Brewer’s Sparrow) provided the greatest per-unit-effort benefits for that species but resulted in the lowest population outcomes for all other species considered. In comparison, prioritizations for multiple species within a single ecosystem (i.e., pinyon–juniper or sagebrush) resulted in larger population benefits for species associated with that ecosystem and reduced detrimental effects on non-target species associated with another ecosystem. For example, single species management for Brewer’s Sparrow resulted in an average increase of 1.38% for sagebrush-associated species and a 4.58% decrease for pinyon–juniper associated species. In contrast, when managing for multiple sagebrush-associated species sagebrush-associated songbird populations increased by 3.98% and pinyon–juniper associated species decreased by 2.36%, on average.

Conclusions
Our results illustrate single species management can result in detrimental outcomes and/or opportunity costs for non-target species compared to management designed to benefit multiple species. Our framework can be used to balance undesired consequences for non-target species and is adaptable for other systems and taxa.
“Green informed consent” in the classroom, clinic, and consultation room
Authors: Richie Cristina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe carbon emissions of global health care activities make up 4–5% of total world emissions, placing it on par with the food sector. Carbon emissions are particularly relevant for health care because of climate change health hazards. Doctors and health care professionals must connect their health care delivery with carbon emissions and minimize resource use when possible as a part of their obligation to do no harm. Given that reducing carbon is a global ethical priority, the informed consent process in health care delivery must change. I argue that the expanded role of bioethicists in this climate crisis is to promote and support “green informed consent:” the sharing of climate information with patients, offering options for lower-carbon health care, and accepting the patient’s right to decline treatments which are deemed too carbon intensive for their values.
Preparing fertile ground: how does the quality of business environments affect MSE growth?
Authors: Fu Jonathan , Krauss Annette 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe study how the quality of local business environments helps explain growth outcomes of micro- and small enterprise microfinance clients by drawing on long-term nationwide administrative data and a policy shock in Cambodia. The staggered launch of special economic zones, which we link to positive shocks to the business environment on both the demand and supply side, leads to significantly increased employment in micro- and small enterprises (MSEs) located in these special economic zones (SEZs), compared to enterprises in contextually similar districts that are unexposed to an SEZ. Key channels explaining the improved growth outcomes include expanded access to external markets for the enterprises’ goods and services, more dynamic labor environments, and improved credit terms and conditions. To broaden the relevance of our findings, we combine data from prominent empirical studies on microfinance and demonstrate how related business conditions identified in the enterprise growth literature help explain differences in client business outcomes found in their results. Policy implications are that a smaller but influential segment of microfinance borrowers significantly benefit from opportunities provided by improved local business environments and that governments and lenders can play active roles in facilitating the necessary improvements for such MSEs.
The Hot Vojvodina Summer Of 1988: Did Vojvodinians Seek to Overthrow Their Government?
Authors: Flere Sergej 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSeveral watershed events preceded the dissolution of Yugoslavia. One of these was the toppling of the Vojvodina autonomist leadership in October 1988. This was preceded by a series of rallies throughout Vojvodina in the summer of 1988, which may have seemed like a spontaneous affair and the work of “ordinary citizens.” It was called “the antibureaucratic revolution.” However, these rallies, including a standing group of demonstrators, continually and always referring to the grievances of Kosovo Serbs, turned out to be supported by the Serbian political elite centered in Belgrade. The elite, still headed by the Serbian Communist Chief Slobodan Milošević, gave thrust and coordination to efforts to organize the rallies. The Vojvodina leadership was toppled for their alleged “failing to understand the plight of Kosovo Serbs.” The overthrow was, further, with a view to achieve the Serbian elite’s pet project, the “united Serbia”—that is, doing away with Vojvodina’s and Kosovo’s autonomy. Written sources (including recollections by Yugoslav leaders of the time) and written sources are considered in research on the events.
“Bykivnia is Extremely Important in the Search for Our Identity”: A Martyrological Landscape of Remembrance and the Problems with the Victimhood Narrative
Authors: Kharkhun Valentyna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn 1989, after few decades of Soviet disinformation, a fourth investigation by the state commission finally recognized Bykivnia, located on the outskirt of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine, as being a burial place for victims of the Soviet regime. Later in 1994, the Historical and Cultural Reserve “Bykivnians’ky Graves” was launched at the site, marking the initial point of the state remembrance of victims of Soviet political repressions and consequently indicating the importance of the victimhood narrative when portraying the Soviet past. This article examines the historical recognition of Bykivnia and the development of a martyrological landscape on the site in context with the establishment of state legislative actions and commemorative policies regarding victims of Soviet political repressions. The case study of Bykivnia should provide a basic understanding of domestic and international contradictions when creating a victimhood narrative and will question approaches taken for adapting this narrative in building a national identity.
Real-time PCR versus traditional and Nano-based ELISA in early detection of murine trichinellosis
Authors: Mohammad S. M. , Hegazy L. A. , Abdel Hady R. S. , Salama M. A. , Hammad S. K. , Ibrahim S. M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Trichinellosis is a serious foodborne zoonosis. It poses a serious risk to public health worldwide. Early serological diagnosis of trichinellosis is influenced by an immunological ‘silent’ phase following infection. This highlights the necessity for developing sensitive diagnostic approaches to be employed when antibodies cannot be detected. In this work, the validity of traditional ELISA, Nano-ELISA and real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were evaluated in early diagnosis of Trichinella spiralis. Swiss albino mice were orally infected with 100 and 300 muscle larvae/mouse. Mice were sacrificed 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, and 28 days post-infection (dpi). Blood samples were tested for circulating antigen by traditional ELISA and Nano-ELISA using anti-rabbit polyclonal IgG conjugated with AgNPs and for Rep gene by SYBR green real-time PCR. Rep gene detection by SYBR green real-time PCR could detect T. spiralis with 100% sensitivity in the mild infection group at 8 dpi, while in the severe infection group it reached 100% sensitivity at 4 dpi. Nano-ELISA could detect T. spiralis circulating antigen from 4 dpi in both mild and severe infection and reached 100% sensitivity at 8 dpi and 6 dpi in mild and severe infection, respectively. However, traditional ELISA could detect T. spiralis circulating antigen from 6 dpi and reached maximum sensitivity at 15 dpi in the mild infection group, while in the severe infection group detection began at 4 dpi and reached 100% sensitivity at 8 dpi. Nano-ELISA and real time PCR, using Rep gene, are useful tools for the detection of early T. spiralis infection even in its mild infection state.
Winds and magnetospheres from stars and planets: similarities and differences
Authors: Owocki Stan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBoth stars and planets can lose mass through an expansive wind outflow, often constrained or channeled by magnetic fields that form a surrounding magnetosphere. The very strong winds of massive stars are understood to be driven by line-scattering of the star’s radiative momentum, while in the Sun and even lower-mass stars a much weaker mass loss arises from the thermal expansion of a mechanically heated corona. In exoplanets around such low-mass stars, the radiative heating and wind interaction can lead to thermal expansion or mechanical ablation of their atmospheres. Stellar magnetospheres result from the internal trapping of the wind outflow, while planetary magnetospheres are typically shaped by the external impact from the star’s wind. But in both cases the stressing can drive magnetic reconnection that results in observable signatures such as X-ray flares and radio outbursts. This review will aim to give an overview of the underlying physics of these processes with emphasis on their similarities and distinctions for stars vs. planets.
Pathologists’ first opinions on barriers and facilitators of computational pathology adoption in oncological pathology: an international study
Authors: Swillens Julie E. M. , Nagtegaal Iris D. , Engels Sam , Lugli Alessandro , Hermens Rosella P. M. G. , van der Laak Jeroen A. W. M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractComputational pathology (CPath) algorithms detect, segment or classify cancer in whole slide images, approaching or even exceeding the accuracy of pathologists. Challenges have to be overcome before these algorithms can be used in practice. We therefore aim to explore international perspectives on the future role of CPath in oncological pathology by focusing on opinions and first experiences regarding barriers and facilitators. We conducted an international explorative eSurvey and semi-structured interviews with pathologists utilizing an implementation framework to classify potential influencing factors. The eSurvey results showed remarkable variation in opinions regarding attitude, understandability and validation of CPath. Interview results showed that barriers focused on the quality of available evidence, while most facilitators concerned strengths of CPath. A lack of consensus was present for multiple factors, such as the determination of sufficient validation using CPath, the preferred function of CPath within the digital workflow and the timing of CPath introduction in pathology education. The diversity in opinions illustrates variety in influencing factors in CPath adoption. A next step would be to quantitatively determine important factors for adoption and initiate validation studies. Both should include clear case descriptions and be conducted among a more homogenous panel of pathologists based on sub specialization.
Reversible spin-optical interface in luminescent organic radicals
Authors: Gorgon Sebastian , Lv Kuo , Grüne Jeannine , Drummond Bluebell H. , Myers William K. , Londi Giacomo , Ricci Gaetano , Valverde Danillo , Tonnelé Claire , Murto Petri , Romanov Alexander S. , Casanova David , Dyakonov Vladimir , Sperlich Andreas , Beljonne David , Olivier Yoann , Li Feng , Friend Richard H. , Evans Emrys W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMolecules present a versatile platform for quantum information science1,2 and are candidates for sensing and computation applications3,4. Robust spin-optical interfaces are key to harnessing the quantum resources of materials5. To date, carbon-based candidates have been non-luminescent6,7, which prevents optical readout via emission. Here we report organic molecules showing both efficient luminescence and near-unity generation yield of excited states with spin multiplicity S > 1. This was achieved by designing an energy resonance between emissive doublet and triplet levels, here on covalently coupled tris(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) methyl-carbazole radicals and anthracene. We observed that the doublet photoexcitation delocalized onto the linked acene within a few picoseconds and subsequently evolved to a pure high-spin state (quartet for monoradical, quintet for biradical) of mixed radical–triplet character near 1.8 eV. These high-spin states are coherently addressable with microwaves even at 295 K, with optical readout enabled by reverse intersystem crossing to emissive states. Furthermore, for the biradical, on return to the ground state the previously uncorrelated radical spins either side of the anthracene shows strong spin correlation. Our approach simultaneously supports a high efficiency of initialization, spin manipulations and light-based readout at room temperature. The integration of luminescence and high-spin states creates an organic materials platform for emerging quantum technologies.