bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint Injury, Osteoarthritis, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Former National Football League Athletes: An NFL-LONG Study
Authors: Kuenze Christopher , Pietrosimone Brian , Currie Katharine D. , Walton Samuel R. , Kerr Zachary Y. , Brett Benjamin L. , Chandran Avinash , DeFreese J. D. , Mannix Rebekah , Echemendia Ruben J. , McCrea Michael , Guskiewicz Kevin M. , Meehan William P. 
Published: January 2023

ContextIndividuals with lower extremity osteoarthritis (OA) have a 25% greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than those without OA. The prevalence of traumatic joint injuries among National Football League (NFL) players exposes these athletes to an elevated risk for OA and potentially a greater risk of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) and CVD.ObjectivesTo examine the associations between a history of lower extremity joint injury, lower extremity OA, and the prevalence of CRFs and CVD among former NFL athletes.DesignCross-sectional study.Patients or Other ParticipantsFormer NFL players completed a comprehensive health questionnaire that was used in an ongoing study, the Neurologic Function Across the Lifespan: A Prospective, Longitudinal, and Translational Study for Former NFL Players (NFL-LONG). A subsample of 1738 former players reported lifetime medical diagnoses including CVD or CRFs.Main Outcome Measure(s)Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRsadj) characterized the associations between CVD or CRFs and injury, OA diagnosis, or both among athletes who reported (1) no history of lower extremity joint injury or surgery and no diagnosed OA, (2) a history of lower extremity joint injury or surgery and no diagnosed OA, and (3) a history of lower extremity joint injury or surgery and diagnosed OA.ResultsNeither a history of lower extremity joint injury (PRadj = 1.34; 95% CI = 0.86, 2.07) nor a history of lower extremity joint injury and diagnosed OA (PRadj = 1.41; 95% CI = 0.89, 2.25) was significantly associated with CVD. However, CRFs were 30% and 53% more prevalent in former players with lower extremity joint injury and no diagnosed OA (PRadj = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.12, 1.50) and those with lower extremity joint injury and diagnosed OA (PRadj = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.31, 1.78), respectively, versus athletes with no history of either condition.ConclusionsThe prevalence of CRFs was highest among former NFL athletes with a history of lower extremity joint injury and diagnosed OA. These findings provide insight regarding the potential pathways to chronic diseases that may be initiated by joint injury early in life.
Psychosocial Roots of Stress During Pregnancy
Authors: Asha K V 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Pregnancy being an epoc of transition demanding heaps of remodeling and at the same time imbalance of which give rise to antenatal stress. As gestational stress is a considerable antecedent of detrimental pregnancy outcome, it is noteworthy to identify its contributing factors. The objective of the study was to determine the psychosocial factors associated with antenatal stress.

Materials and Methods:
Quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design was used to study the association between psychosocial factors and stress of pregnancy. Setting of the investigation was antenatal clinics of government hospitals at Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala. The data were collected from 704 women in the gestational span of 20–24 weeks using Antenatal Psychosocial Stress Scale and structured interview schedule.

Results:
Bivariate analysis revealed that there is a statistically significant association between high stress and high fear of labor pain (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–3.08) as well as anxiety regarding gender of baby (OR = 2.12, CI: 1.31–3.41).

Conclusion:
The present study revealed that heightened fear of labor pain and anxiety regarding gender of baby are the significant factors associated with antenatal stress. The study highlights the need of childbirth preparation classes attached to antenatal clinics. It also suggests the demand for abolishing gender preferences prevailing in the community.
Design and Development of an Internationally Applicable Educational Video to Increase Community Awareness in Regions with High Prevalence of Melioidosis and Diabetes
Authors: Maisrikrod Shalisa C. , Currie Mathew , Govan Brenda L. , Norton Robert E. , Currie Bart J. , Ketheesan Natkunam , Mayo Mark 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT.
Melioidosis is a neglected tropical disease that causes high morbidity and mortality. Public health awareness is essential for both prevention and early detection of the infection. This project aimed to develop an internationally applicable educational tool to increase community awareness in regions with high prevalence of diabetes and melioidosis. The animation was created with international collaboration. Sixty-four delegates from different cultural backgrounds participated in the survey to evaluate the animation. Feedback was positive, with 85% agreeing that they would use this video for public education and 82% agreeing that the video was culturally appropriate to them in the context of their region. The animation was refined after feedback. To supplement the 3-minute animation, a 13-minute film footage of interviews with clinicians, researchers and patients was also created. These materials have been made available online through the International Melioidosis Network and can be readily downloaded or subtitled in any language using publicly available software, demonstrating the utility of developing low-cost adaptable health education material targeted for widespread use internationally
ЭКОНОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПРОГРАММЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА В КАЛИНИНГРАДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Зверева А. П. , Носова О. Е. , Скоробогатых Е. Ю. 
Published: January 2023

В статье представлены результаты исследования эффективности государственной
программы "Развитие сельского хозяйства" в Калининградской области; в качестве метода
исследования предложен эконометрический анализ зависимости результатов хозяйственной
деятельности сельскохозяйственных предприятий от объемов государственного субсидирования; на основе построенных эконометрических моделей проведен регрессионнокорреляционный анализ эффективности распределения финансовых средств по основным
направлениям программы государственной поддержки сельского хозяйства области.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with Brucellosis A critical literature review
Authors: Mosiara Shavlyn 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Brucellosis is an infectious disease primarily of domestic and wild animals caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella. It is transmissible to humans through direct contact with infected animal products. This paper aims to determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated with Brucellosis.
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes
Findings: The study concludes that factors such as methods of food preparation and consumption of milk, pasteurization of dairy products, and direct contact with infected animals, lack of awareness and sensitization increase the risk of Brucellosis in communities.
Recommendations: Creating awareness and promoting sensitization programs run in the community is necessary so as to impact knowledge on the methods of transmission, identification of the infection, prevention and types of treatment. This will eventually report decreased cases of Brucellosis in animals and humans.
CROSS-CULTURAL MANAGEMENT
Authors: ABDELAZIM Assem 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Globalization has made global changes, and a rapid increase of multinational corporations which has resulted in creating more businesses that have more culturally diverse workforce. Cultural diversity affects the performance of an organization and various conflicts can be occurred because of misunderstandings among the culturally diverse workforce. The purpose of this study is therefore to contribute to the current field of cross-cultural management and how cultural diversity is managed.
Methodology: The study investigates four chosen cross-cultural aspects to see how issues within these areas can be minimized.
Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: The knowledge of cultural differences within these aspects will contribute to a better understanding of how these differences can be managed in a Swedish multinational organization with a subsidiary in India.
Reviewing the Role of Selected Land Governance Institutions in Land Conflict Management in Uganda
Authors: Omodo Kagere Willy , Obici Gilbert Obici , Mwesigwa David Mwesigwa 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the role of selected land governance institutions in managing land conflicts in Uganda.
Methodology: A desk research was adopted given that it was purely based on secondary data.
Findings: The outcomes suggest that although a variety of mechanisms are available, ad-hoc mediation is key is resolving land conflicts in Uganda.
Conclusion: The study concludes that government strengthen ad-hoc mediation as well as making them more formal in land conflict management.
Recommendations: From the study, it is encouraged that local council court members be periodically trained in conflict management; that government advocates, trains, and considers better facilitation for ad-hoc mediators to make them more effective.
Land Governance Institutions and Land Conflict Management in Lira District, Lango Sub-Region, Uganda
Authors: Omodo Kagere Willy , Obici Gilbert Obici , Mwesigwa David Mwesigwa 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of selected land governance institutions in the management of land conflicts in Lango sub-region.
Methods and materials: Both correlation and descriptive designs were used and a sample size of 200 was targeted, and sampled using purposive and simple random sampling techniques from whom, questionnaires was administered among members of Land Tribunals, local council courts, and opinion leaders. The response rate of 86% was achieved from which data was analysed.
Findings: The study reveals that the correlation between Land Tribunals and land conflicts (r = .120; p-value >.05) is positive and weak; between Local Council Courts and land conflict (r = .224; p-value <.05) is positive and weak; and between Ad-hoc Mediators and land conflict (r = .518; p-value>.05) is positive and strong. Further, the results of multiple regression reveal that Land Tribunals (Beta = .143; p-value >.05) is low in land conflict management; Local Council Courts (Beta = .085; p-value >.05) is low in land conflict management; and that Ad-hoc Mediators (Beta = .479; p-value >.05) is relatively high in land conflict management.
Conclusion: It was concluded that Land Tribunals are the least effective in managing land conflicts but Local Council Courts are least effective in managing land conflicts; and that Ad-hoc Mediation is more effective in managing land conflicts in the study area.
Recommendations: From the study, it is encouraged that government considers re-enforcing the role of Land Tribunals with the view of making them more effective in land conflicts management; A study on factors leading to rampant land conflicts is proposed.
An Evaluation of Roles and Integration of Female Soldiers in Peace Building in Central African Republic: A Case of Zambian Regiment Lusaka, Zambia.
Authors: Kamfwa Benson Muchinshi 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The rationale of this study was to evaluate the roles and integration of female soldiers in peace building in the Central African Republic, a case of a Zambian Regiment in Lusaka, Zambia. The motivation to undertake this study was premised on the fact that despite Zambian female soldiers being actively involved in the United Nations peacekeeping efforts, their special roles and responsibilities in the mission are scantly recorded. The study further sought to examine the gender dynamics and challenges encountered by female soldiers in peacekeeping operations.
Methodology: The study adopted a qualitative approach where ninety (90) research participants were homogeneously selected and data was collected through interviews, questionnaires and focus group discussions. The gathered bulk data was then transcribed and coded into categories and was thematically analysed by examining the patterns of meaning within the collected data sets and drawing inferences both explicitly and implicitly.
Findings: The major findings revealed that Zambian female soldiers were actively engaged in community activities; force protection; public health and human rights advocacy; the de-escalation of gender associated cases and acting as role models to community members of Birao and Bria. Challenges encountered include male chauvinism; sexual harassment; insufficient numbers of female soldiers and suspicion of infidelity.
Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This paper calls on Zambia Army to realign its training curriculum to incorporate gender studies and human rights issues; Acceleration of skills development of female soldiers to build capacity in advocacy on human rights and counselling strategies; Policy on quota system to be adopted to increase the strength of female soldiers during recruitment; Regional bodies under African Union should lobby for resources from the United Nations to have sufficient numbers of female soldiers on the continent to contribute in the de-escalation of conflicts on the continent.
Telepractice in Speech-Language Therapy During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rajput Sabeen Iqbal 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to review the recent literature and reflect on the studies conducted to investigate the efficacy of tele practice in speech-language therapy. This paper focuses more on the recent literature and the studies conducted during the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic.
Methodology: A review of the recent literature from 2012 to 2021 was studied on providing speech-language therapy intervention through tele practice. Key literature search sources included the Sci-hub, PubMed, HINARI (Health Inter Network Access to Research Initiative), and Google Scholar databases.
Findings: The review of the literature provides evidence that telepractice delivery model for speech and language therapy services is an effective and useful way to cater to the needs of the patients. However, this paper also provides us with an insight that the hybrid model which is the combination of one-on-one and telepractice therapy session may be more effective and holistic way to provide therapy. There is a vital need for more investigative studies on the topic of telepractice.
Unique Contribution to theory, practice, and policy: Speech and language therapist may opt for a hybrid therapeutic approach to achieve more functional outcomes. There is a need for in-depth and comprehensive investigative studies to fully understand the effectiveness of telepractice service delivery model when this model is utilized for variety of different speech and language disorder. Moreover, policies at professional institutes need to ensure that therapists undergo trainings on telepractice techniques and functionality to provide holistic treatment to patients and support care givers.
WITTGENSTEIN ON LANGUAGE VARIATION, THE HEGEMONY, AND INTER-DEPENDENCY OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES
Authors: MBARA GEORGE , AGAMA CHRISTIAN S. , EZENWANKWO JOHN , ONUOHA JUDE A. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: In this essay, we argue that, language is multifaceted, interdependent, and autonomous in its indigenous applications to meanings and reality and for different culture and people.
Findings: The multifaceted roles of language in the development of humanity are readily perceived in the different languages in the world, and in which each culture or community interpret or describe meanings and reality.However, Wittgenstein had in TractatusLogico-Philosophicus, insisted that the function of language is single, definite and must observe the rules of syntax; else we make nonsense of the symbolic nature of language. He agrees with the Logical Positivists that for language not to mislead and misinterpret meanings and reality, it must be analytic and as such must picture or mirror the state of affairs. He insisted that, “whereof we cannot speak,thereof we must be silent”.In the later period, the emphasis shifts dramatically to the actions of people and the role their linguistic activities play in their lives. Thus whereas in the Tractatus, language is placed in a static, formal relationship with the world; in the later work (Philosophical Investigations), Wittgenstein emphasizes its use in the contexts of everyday social activities of ordering, exercising, advising, requesting, and measuring concern for each other. These different activities are thought of as so many “language game”that together make up the form of life.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Therefore, to resolve the conflicts and politics of language development and superiority, (international or local) humanity needs to acknowledge the flexibility and inter-dependency of languages on which development, trade-relations, science, and religion strives.
Influence of Teachers’ Attitude on Students’ Geography Performance in Public Schools. A Critical Literature Review
Authors: Kariuki Robert Kariuki 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The subject geography is taught with the objective that learners will acquire basic foundation skills so as to propel them towards making valuable contributions to the society. The overall objective of this study was to examine influence of teachers’ attitude on students’ geography performance in public schools. A critical literature review
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
Findings: The findings of the study concluded that learners choose the subject of geography because they love and understand it. The learners have in mind the careers that they intend to pursue in future when they choose geography. Geography’s diversity and scope also appealed to learners as a reason for choosing geography Friends have little influence in career aspiration choice. The teacher has an influence on the learner’s choice for geography.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Geography subject is relevant in understanding the major problems that face the society today. The subject also contributes in better understanding of the environment. Geography should be made compulsory among all the secondary school students because its importance in attaining a clean environment and sustainable development cannot be underestimated. The teacher should relate the problems faced in the society to the content that is being taught so that learners can have a real life experience on the aspects that they learn in class. This will boost the subject’s importance in understanding the various problems faced in the society.
PRACTICES ADOPTED BY FAMILIES FOR PROVIDING CLOTHING FOR CHILDREN (3-8 YEARS) IN RURAL AREA OF IKWO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, EBONYI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Benedette Akubue , Calister Nwadi , Esther David , Veronica Imaku , Mary Nwodo , Chinyere Omebe 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The study investigated the clothing selection practices for children among families in Ikwo Local Government Area, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Three specific purposes such as to identify (1) The People that select clothing for children in Ikwo local government area. (2) The factors considered by the families while selecting clothing for children in the area of study (3) features considered by the families while selecting clothing for the children were stated. Three corresponding research questions and two null hypotheses which were tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study.
Methodology: A structured questionnaire was used and the questionnaire was validated by three experts. Cronbach Alpha reliability test which yielded 0.89 was applied. The population was 214, 969 members of families. Multi-stage sampling technique (Yaro Yamen sampling techniques, proportionate stratified random sampling, and purposive sampling techniques) were used to select sample size of 200 respondents. Mean statistic and standard deviation were used to analyze data. Results: Finding showed that only fathers and mothers select clothing for children in Ikwo local government area. many factors and features such as climate change fashion in vogue, colour of the clothes texture and set of the fabric among others are not considered while selecting clothes for children in the area of study.
Recommendation: Based on the findings, recommendations were made that economic empowerment programme sponsored by Ebonyi State government should be extended to Ikwo local government area and that Home Economists in Ebonyi State should carry out enlightenment talk on the right ways to select clothing for children in the area of study.
Perception of Computer Generated Images (CGI) in Nigerian made animated films: A cognitive-semiotic view
Authors: Ajiwe Uchechukwu Chimezie , Nwofor Stella Uchenna 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: There has been lots of positive and negative criticisms on the influences and effects of animated images on kids in Nigeria without considering the communicative potentials of such medium from our cultural perspectives. Again, many Nigerians may not have the knowledge that there are quality Nigerian local content animation.
Methodology: This paper looks at the perception of computer generated imagery (CGI) in Nigerian animated films. It examines the nature of the application of CGI in popular Nigerian Animated films by analyzing the techniques used and meanings produced from The images constructed to communicate the ideas of the narratives. This paper is anchored on the framework of cognitive semiotic theory and adopts the qualitative research design to investigate the communication of meanings by use of CGI in Malika (2020), the basis for using cognitive semiotic theory in this paper is that CGI are simulated believable images that denote meanings to communicate encoded cultural ideologies to kids within and outside Nigeria. It is hoped that this study would make better appreciation of Nigerian Animated films and encourage Animators to make more.
Findings: The findings in this study, is that, the use of CGI in object and character representation in Nigerian Animated films as regards reality simulates the simulacra nature of a typical African worldview and bring to life a historical antecedent. It submits that CGI boosts the visual and aural representation of the Nollywood film narratives which allow the viewer to recognize the already established meanings of the codes used in film text.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: It also recommends that Animation should be used for promotion and preservation of fast fading Igbo cultures