bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A corpus of CO2 electrocatalytic reduction process extracted from the scientific literature
Authors: Wang Ludi , Gao Yang , Chen Xueqing , Cui Wenjuan , Zhou Yuanchun , Luo Xinying , Xu Shuaishuai , Du Yi , Wang Bin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe electrocatalytic CO2reduction process has gained enormous attention for both environmental protection and chemicals production. Thereinto, the design of new electrocatalysts with high activity and selectivity can draw inspiration from the abundant scientific literature. An annotated and verified corpus made from massive literature can assist the development of natural language processing (NLP) models, which can offer insight to help guide the understanding of these underlying mechanisms. To facilitate data mining in this direction, we present a benchmark corpus of 6,086 records manually extracted from 835 electrocatalytic publications, along with an extended corpus with 145,179 records in this article. In this corpus, nine types of knowledge such as material, regulation method, product, faradaic efficiency, cell setup, electrolyte, synthesis method, current density, and voltage are provided by either annotating or extracting. Machine learning algorithms can be applied to the corpus to help scientists find new and effective electrocatalysts. Furthermore, researchers familiar with NLP can use this corpus to design domain-specific named entity recognition (NER) models.
Evaporative destabilization of a salt crust with branched pattern formation
Authors: Licsandru G. , Noiriel C. , Duru P. , Geoffroy S. , Abou-Chakra A. , Prat M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe impact of salt crust formation over porous media on water evaporation is an important issue in relation with the water cycle, agriculture, building sciences and more. The salt crust is not a simple accumulation of salt crystals at the porous medium surface but undergoes complex dynamics with possible air gap formation between the crust and the porous medium surface. We report on experiments that allow to identify various crust evolution regimes depending on the competition between evaporation and vapor condensation. The various regimes are summarized in a diagram. We focus on the regime where dissolution–precipitation processes lead to the upward displacement of the salt crust and the generation of a branched pattern. It is shown that the branched pattern results from the crust upper surface destabilization whereas the crust lower surface remains essentially flat. We show that the resulting branched efflorescence salt crust is heterogeneous with a greater porosity in the salt fingers. This leads to the preferential drying of the salt fingers followed by a period in which the crust morphology change only occurs in the salt crust lower region. The salt crust eventually tends toward a frozen state where no visible change occurs in the salt crust morphology, but without blocking the evaporation. These findings provide in-depth insights into the salt crust dynamics and pave the way for the better understanding of the impact of efflorescence salt crusts on evaporation and the development of predictive models.
Revisiting the baby schema by a geometric morphometric analysis of infant facial characteristics across great apes
Authors: Kawaguchi Yuri , Nakamura Koyo , Tajima Tomoyuki , Waller Bridget M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInfants across species are thought to exhibit specific facial features (termed the “baby schema”, such as a relatively bigger forehead and eyes, and protruding cheeks), with an adaptive function to induce caretaking behaviour from adults. There is abundant empirical evidence for this in humans, but, surprisingly, the existence of a baby schema in non-human animals has not been scientifically demonstrated. We investigated which facial characteristics are shared across infants in five species of great apes: humans, chimpanzees, bonobos, mountain gorillas, and Bornean orangutans. We analysed eight adult and infant faces for each species (80 images in total) using geometric morphometric analysis and machine learning. We found two principal components characterizing infant faces consistently observed across species. These included (1) relatively bigger eyes located lower in the face, (2) a rounder and vertically shorter face shape, and (3) an inverted triangular face shape. While these features are shared, human infant faces are unique in that the second characteristic (round face shape) is more pronounced, whereas the third (inverted triangular face shape) is less pronounced than other species. We also found some infantile features only found in some species. We discuss future directions to investigate the baby schema using an evolutionary approach.
Manufacturing carbon storage sintered body using microwave-selective and high-speed heating techniques
Authors: Kashimura K. , Oshita A. , Miyata T. , Segawa S. , Yokawa H. , Tendo K. , Kurooka K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMicrowave sintering of fly ash samples with large amounts of unburned carbon and CaCO3 was examined in this study. To this end, CaCO3 was mixed with fly ash sintered body to fix CO2. The decomposition of CaCO3 was observed when the raw material was heated to 1000 °C using microwave irradiation; however, a sintered body containing aragonite was obtained when the raw material was heated to 1000 °C with added water. Further, carbides in the fly ash could be selectively heated by controlling the microwave irradiation. The microwave magnetic field created a temperature gradient of 100 °C in a narrow region of 2.7 μm or less in the sintered body, and it helped suppress the CaCO3 decomposition in the mixture during sintering. By storing water in the gas phase before spreading, CaCO3, which is difficult to sinter using conventional heating, can be sintered without decomposing.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on emergency medical system and management strategies in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Saiin Kohei , Takenaka Sakae , Nagai Toshiyuki , Takahashi Akinori , Mizuguchi Yoshifumi , Konishi Takao , Anzai Toshihisa , Hotta Daisuke , Kamigaki Mitsunori , Yamazaki Seiji , Fujita Tsutomu , Yamashita Takehiro , Kawahatsu Kandoh , Suzuki Takashi , Nozaki Yoichi , Sakurada Taku , Takenaka Takashi , Igarashi Yasumi , Makino Takao ,   The Sapporo city Acute Coronary Syndrome Network
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe global coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is associated with reduced rate of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, there were a few data showing how emergency medical system (EMS) and management strategies for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) changed during the pandemic. We sought to clarify changes on characteristics, treatments, and in-hospital mortality of patients with ACS transported via EMS between pre- and post-pandemic. We examined consecutive 656 patients with ACS admitted to Sapporo City ACS Network Hospitals between June 2018 and November 2021. The patients were divided into pre- and post-pandemic groups. The number of ACS hospitalizations declined significantly during the pandemic (proportional reduction 66%, coefficient −0.34, 95% CI −0.50 to −0.18, p < 0.001). The median time from an EMS call to hospital was significantly longer in post-pandemic group than in pre-pandemic group (32 [26–39] vs. 29 [25–36] min, p = 0.008). There were no significant differences in the proportion of patients with ACS receiving PCI, and in-hospital mortality between the groups. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on EMS and management in patients with ACS. Although a significant decline was observed in ACS hospitalizations, the proportion of patients with ACS receiving emergency PCI remained during the pandemic.
Cobalt isatin-Schiff-base derivative of MOF as a heterogeneous multifunctional bio-photocatalyst for sunlight-induced tandem air oxidation condensation process
Authors: Rouzifar Majid , Sobhani Sara , Farrokhi Alireza , Sansano José Miguel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA sunlight-induced tandem air oxidation-condensation of alcohols with ortho-substituted anilines or malononitrile for the efficient synthesis of benz-imidazoles/-oxazoles/-thiazoles, or benzylidene malononitrile catalyzed by Co-isatin-Schiff-base-MIL-101(Fe) as a heterogeneous multifunctional bio-photocatalyst is reported. In these reactions, Co-isatin-Schiff-base-MIL-101(Fe) acts both as a photocatalyst, and a Lewis acid to catalyze the reaction of the in-situ formed aldehydes with o-substituted anilines or malononitrile. A significant decrease in the band gap energy and an increase in the characteristic emission of MIL-101(Fe) after functionalization with cobalt Schiff-base according to the DRS analysis and fluorescence spectrophotometry, respectively, indicate that the photocatalytic effectiveness of the catalyst is associated primarily to the synergetic influence of Fe–O cluster and Co-Schiff-base. EPR results obviously pointed out that Co-isatin-Schiff-base-MIL-101(Fe) is capable of creating 1O2 and O2⋅− as active oxygen species under visible light irradiation. Using an inexpensive catalyst, sunlight irradiation, air as a cost-effective and abundant oxidant, and a low amount of the catalyst with recoverability and durability in ethanol as a green solvent, make this methodology as an environmentally friendly process with energy-saving organic synthetic strategies. Furthermore, Co-isatin-Schiff-base-MIL-101(Fe) displays excellent photocatalytic antibacterial activity under sunlight irradiation against E. coli, S. aureus and S. pyogenes. Based on our knowledge, this is the first report of using a bio-photocatalyst for the synthesis of the target molecules.
A Phase 1 randomized study on the safety and pharmacokinetics of OCS-05, a neuroprotective disease modifying treatment for Acute Optic Neuritis and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Villoslada Pablo , Masso Mar , Paris Stephane , Hutchings Simon , Koch Annelize 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOCS-05 (aka BN201) is a peptidomimetic that binds to serum glucocorticoid kinase-2 (SGK2), displaying neuroprotective activity. The objective of this randomized, double-blind 2-part study was to test safety and pharmacokinetics of OCS-05 administered by intravenous (i.v.) infusion in healthy volunteers. Subjects (n = 48) were assigned to receive placebo (n = 12) or OCS-05 (n = 36). , Doses tested were 0.05, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 2.4 and 3.2 mg/kg in the single ascending dose (SAD) part. In the multiple ascending dose (MAD) part, 2.4 and 3.0 mg/kg doses were administered with 2 h i.v. infusion for 5 consecutive days. Safety assessments included adverse events, blood tests, ECG, Holter monitoring, brain MRI and EEG. No serious adverse events were reported in the OCS-05 group (there was one serious adverse event in the placebo group). Adverse events reported in the MAD part were not clinically significant, and no changes on the ECG, EEG or brain MRI were observed. Single-dose (0.05–3.2 mg/kg) exposure (Cmax and AUC) increased in a dose-proportional manner. Steady state was reached by Day 4 and no accumulation was observed. Elimination half-life ranged from 3.35 to 8.23 h (SAD) and 8.63 to 12.2 h (MAD). Mean individual Cmax concentrations in the MAD part were well below the safety thresholds. OCS-05 administered as 2-h i.v. infusions of multiple doses up to 3.0 mg/Kg daily for up to 5 consecutive days was safe and well tolerated. Based on this safety profile, OCS-05 is currently being tested in a phase 2 trial in patient with acute optic neuritis (NCT04762017, date registration 21/02/2021).
Dietary riboflavin intake in relation to psychological disorders in Iranian adults: an observational study
Authors: Rouhani Parisa , Amoushahi Mohammad , Keshteli Ammar Hassanzadeh , Saneei Parvane , Afshar Hamid , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad , Adibi Peyman 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFindings of earlier investigations on association between dietary riboflavin intake and psychological disorders are contradictory. Therefore, the relation between dietary riboflavin intake and depression, anxiety, and psychological distress was assessed in Iranian adults. In this cross-sectional study, dietary intakes of 3362 middle-aged adults were collected using a validated dish-based food frequency questionnaire. Daily intake of riboflavin for each participant was calculated by summing up the amount of riboflavin contents of all foods and dishes. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), as validated questionnaires among Iranians, have been applied to assess depression, anxiety, and psychological distress. After considering potential confounders, adults in the top energy-adjusted quartile of riboflavin intake, compared to the bottom quartile, had decreased odds of depression (OR = 0.66; 95%CI 0.49, 0.88), anxiety (OR = 0.64; 95%CI 0.44, 0.94) and high psychological distress (OR = 0.65; 95%CI 0.48, 0.89). Stratified analysis by sex revealed that men in the forth quartile of riboflavin intake, compared with those in the first quartile, had respectively 51 and 55% lower odds of depression (OR = 0.49; 95%CI 0.29, 0.83) and anxiety (OR = 0.45; 95%CI 0.21, 0.95). In women, riboflavin intake was significantly associated with lower odds of psychological distress (OR = 0.67; 95%CI 0.46, 0.98). An inverse relation was observed between dietary riboflavin intake and chance of psychological disorders in Iranian adults. High intake of riboflavin decreased the chance of depression and anxiety in men and high psychological distress in women. More prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Experimental study on tilting deformation and a new method for landslide prediction with retaining-wall locked segment
Authors: Liu Han-dong , Liu Jing-jing , Chen Jia-xing , Guo Zhi-fei , Qiu Lei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe destruction of the locked-segment type landslide is often accompanied by the destruction of the locked segment with cumulative effects. Investigating the failure mode and instability mechanism of locked-segment type landslides is crucial. The study uses physical models to examine the evolution of locked-segment type landslides with retaining-walls. It utilizes a variety of instruments (tilt sensors, micro earth pressure sensors, pore water pressure sensors, strain gauges, and others) to conduct physical model tests of locked-segment type landslide with retaining-wall and to reveal the tilting deformation and evolution mechanism of retaining-wall locked landslide under the condition of rainfall. The results showed that the regularity of tilting rate, tilting acceleration, strain, and stress change in the retaining-wall locked segment is consistent with the landslide evolution process, indicating that tilting deformation can be used as the criterion of landslide instability and that the locked segment plays a vital role in controlling the landslide stability. The tertiary creep stages of tilting deformation are divided into initial, medium, and high tertiary creep stages using an improved angle tangent method. This establishes the failure criterion for locked-segment type landslides with tilting angles of 0.34°, 1.89°, and 4.38°. In addition, the tilting deformation curve of a locked-segment type landslide with a retaining-wall is utilized to predict the landslide instability by the reciprocal velocity method.
Multimodal deep learning to predict prognosis in adult and pediatric brain tumors
Authors: Steyaert Sandra , Qiu Yeping Lina , Zheng Yuanning , Mukherjee Pritam , Vogel Hannes , Gevaert Olivier 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe introduction of deep learning in both imaging and genomics has significantly advanced the analysis of biomedical data. For complex diseases such as cancer, different data modalities may reveal different disease characteristics, and the integration of imaging with genomic data has the potential to unravel additional information than when using these data sources in isolation. Here, we propose a DL framework that combines these two modalities with the aim to predict brain tumor prognosis.MethodsUsing two separate glioma cohorts of 783 adults and 305 pediatric patients we developed a DL framework that can fuse histopathology images with gene expression profiles. Three strategies for data fusion were implemented and compared: early, late, and joint fusion. Additional validation of the adult glioma models was done on an independent cohort of 97 adult patients.ResultsHere we show that the developed multimodal data models achieve better prediction results compared to the single data models, but also lead to the identification of more relevant biological pathways. When testing our adult models on a third brain tumor dataset, we show our multimodal framework is able to generalize and performs better on new data from different cohorts. Leveraging the concept of transfer learning, we demonstrate how our pediatric multimodal models can be used to predict prognosis for two more rare (less available samples) pediatric brain tumors.ConclusionsOur study illustrates that a multimodal data fusion approach can be successfully implemented and customized to model clinical outcome of adult and pediatric brain tumors.
Adaptive fisheries responses may lead to climate maladaptation in the absence of access regulations
Authors: Beckensteiner Jennifer , Boschetti Fabio , Thébaud Olivier 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdaptive fishery responses to climate-induced changes in marine fish populations may lead to fishery maladaptation. Using a stylised bio-economic model of the global fishery, we demonstrate the importance of adaptive management regimes. We show how the losses resulting from poor access regulation increase in a fishery system negatively impacted by environmental change, and demonstrate the proportional benefits provided by management strategies that control the levels and allocation of fishing effort. Indeed, under poor to nonexistent access regulation, highly adaptive actors can generate significant bio-economic losses. This might lead to foregone benefits and cascading economic and ecological losses, whereas well-designed adaptive management regimes may enable making the most of the best, and the least of the worst, climate-induced outcomes for fisheries. These findings emphasize the need for integrated assessment approaches to the impacts of climate change on fisheries, that should incorporate not only ecological responses but also the industry and management responses.
The effect of side chain spacer length on the thermoresponsive behaviour of poly(methylamide acrylate)s
Authors: Rajakanthan Alexander , Wilson Paul , Kempe Kristian 
Published: March 2023

Aqueous solubility of poly(methylamide acrylate)s can be altered via modulation of the side chain spacer length between the polymer backbone and pendant amide functionality whereby a butyl spacer is sufficient to induce LCST behaviour (P(MAmBA)).
A special issue ofEssays in Biochemistryon structural mass spectrometry
Authors: Britt Hannah M. , Beveridge Rebecca , Calabrese Antonio N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMass spectrometry (MS) is now established as an analytical tool to interrogate the structure and dynamics of proteins and their assemblies. An array of MS-based technologies has been developed, with each providing unique information pertaining to protein structure, and forming the heart of integrative structural biology studies. This special issue includes a collection of review articles that discuss both established and emerging structural MS methodologies, along with examples of how these technologies are being deployed to interrogate protein structure and function. Combined, this collection highlights the immense potential of the structural MS toolkit in the study of molecular mechanisms underpinning cellular homeostasis and disease.
Cochlear Implant Decision Making for Children With Residual Hearing: Perspectives of Practitioners
Authors: Na Eunjung , Toupin-April Karine , Olds Janet , Noll Dorie , Fitzpatrick Elizabeth M. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
Cochlear implants (CIs) are increasingly considered for children with residual hearing who benefit from hearing aids (HAs). However, the decision-making process for families of these children and for practitioners is particularly challenging because there is no clear audiological cut point for CI candidacy. This study aimed to understand Canadian practitioners' perspectives of the CI decision-making process and how they guide families of children with residual hearing.

Method:
Semistructured interviews were conducted with a total of 17 practitioners through four focus groups and one individual interview. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and a thematic analysis was carried out.

Results:
Data were organized into five broad domains: candidacy issues for children with residual hearing, practitioners' roles in decision support, additional considerations affecting decision making, factors facilitating decision making, and practitioners' needs.

Conclusions:
This study found that practitioners' confidence in determining candidacy and supporting parents has increased due to their experiences with positive outcomes for these children. Practitioners indicated that there was a need for more research to guide the decision-making process.
Psychometrically Equivalent Fante Speech Recognition Threshold Materials by a Female Talker
Authors: Honu-Mensah Cyril Mawuli , Offei Yaw Nyadu , Owusu Nana Akua Victoria , Anim-Sampong Samuel 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
This study aimed to create and evaluate digitally recorded speech materials for speech recognition threshold (SRT) testing among children and adults in Fante. Fifty-one (51) familiar trisyllabic words were chosen from a list of 107 widely used trisyllabic Fante words. They were digitally captured and edited to create the same root mean square as a 1-kHz calibration tone.

Method:
The study used a three-phase cross-sectional study method. Twenty native Fante speakers with normal hearing thresholds were selected at random for listener evaluation. For each of the words, the researchers used logistic regression to measure the slope, intercepts, and psychometric function slope at 50% and from 20% to 80%. In the study, the intensity of each word was modified digitally, so that the threshold at 50% of each word was equal to the mean pure-tone average (PTA) of the participants to increase the homogeneity of the thresholds of the selected words.

Results:
A final list of 25 familiar homogenous words with the same tone patterns of slopes greater than 7%/dB was finally selected and recorded for speech audiometry in Fante.

Conclusions:
Psychometrically equivalent trisyllabic words in Fante were successfully developed and evaluated for SRT testing in Ghana. There is a need for the development of speech audiometry materials in other Ghanaian languages.