bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digitale Zwillinge ermöglichen fundierte Entscheidungen durch vernetzte Daten
Authors: Kornblum Wolfgang , Schumann René 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDie Digitalisierung im Bauwesen schreitet voran, das Thema BIM (Building Information Modeling) ist in aller Munde und viele Unternehmen und Projekte machen erste Erfahrungen mit der digitalen Arbeitsmethode. Die Prozesse im Lebenszyklus einer baulichen Anlage (oder Anwendungsfälle digitaler Methoden) können dann effizient qualitätsvolle Ergebnisse liefern, wenn Daten aus weiteren Quellen wie etwa Terminpläne, Dokumente, digitale Abnahmeformulare oder von verbauten Sensoren miteinander vernetzt werden. Es geht um Transparenz und das Auflösen von Datensilos. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist das übergeordnete Management von vertraglich vereinbarten Kundenanforderungen. Mithilfe von einheitlich strukturierten Datenmodellen werden die Silos von aktuellen und zukünftigen Prozessen überwunden, so wird eine Ende‐zu‐Ende‐Transparenz geschaffen. Damit stehen mehr Daten und Informationen für fundiertere Entscheidungen und ein besseres Risikomanagement zur Verfügung. Zusätzlich ermöglicht ein einheitliches Datenmodell eine Reduzierung von Abhängigkeiten durch die genutzten Softwaresysteme – die Daten‐Interoperabilität kann in verschiedenen Projektszenarien besser gewährleistet werden. Dies hat einen Einfluss auf das Management einzelner Projekte sowie die Vergleichbarkeit und die Steuerung über Projektgrenzen hinweg. Um diesen Mehrwert nutzbar zu machen, braucht es – fernab von technologischen Voraussetzungen – neue Kompetenzen, die datengetriebene Denk‐ und Arbeitsweisen bei allen Stakeholdern eines Projekts vorantreiben. So kann der Weg zu einem echten Digitalen Zwilling in allen Lebenszyklusphasen baulicher Anlagen bereitet werden. Effiziente und fundierte Entscheidungen sind ein Hebel, den Herausforderungen großer Veränderungen in allen Bereichen des Bauwesens, v. a. auch dem nachhaltigen Wandel in Verkehrs‐ und Energieinfrastruktur, zu begegnen.
Fracture Testing of Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathode Secondary Particles in‐situ inside the Scanning Electron Microscope
Authors: Wheatcroft Laura , Bird Arron , Stallard Joe C. , Mitchell Ria L. , Booth Samuel G. , Nedoma Alisyn J. , De Volder Michael F. L. , Cussen Serena A. , Fleck Norman A. , Inkson Beverley J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFracture of cathode secondary particles is a critical degradation mechanism in lithium‐ion batteries. The microindentation strength of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 secondary particles is measured in situ in the scanning electron microscope (SEM), enabling dynamical imaging of fracture. Crack propagation is intergranular between primary particles when induced by compressing between flat platens (analogous to calendaring), and with a cono‐spherical indenter (representing particle‐particle contact). Fracture occurs directly beneath the cono‐spherical tip and at the centre of secondary particles when compressed between flat platens. Finite element modelling of stress states provides insight into the dependence of fracture load upon cohesive strength and particle toughness. Secondary particle indentation strength decreases with increasing secondary particle size, with cycling, and with increasing state of charge. The indentation strength decrease is greatest in earlier stages of delithiation. The novel microindentation technique allows assessment of strength and toughness of different cathode morphologies, aiding prediction of optimal particle structure and processing conditions.
Recovery of xylan from Acacia mearnsii using ultrasound‐assisted alkaline extraction
Authors: Gufe Claudious , Thantsha Mapitsi S. , Malgas Samkelo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNovel and effective biorefinery methods are necessary to fractionate lignocellulosic biomass into separate components for the valorization of these components into value‐added products. For example, the xylan fraction can be used as an adhesive, a thickener, an additive to plastics, an emulsifier, a drug carrier, and as a precursor of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides. Unfortunately, conventional xylan extraction procedures require lengthy extraction periods and are characterized by poor product purity and yields. In this study, a non‐conventional ultrasound‐assisted alkaline extraction method was developed for the effective extraction of xylan from Acacia mearnsii, an industrially relevant hardwood in South Africa. The effect of the additional ultrasonication step on the conventional alkaline extraction of xylan was evaluated. After this, basic structural analysis was conducted on both acacia xylan extracts and commercially available beech‐derived xylan. Composition analysis data showed the acacia‐derived glucuronoxylan to have an Ara:GluA:Xyl ratio of 0.5:1:5, while that from beechwood had a 0:1:4 ratio. Ultrasound‐assisted alkaline extraction also gave a better yield (24%) than conventional alkaline extraction (21%) and had a quicker extraction period of 1 h versus 4 h. Finally, the acacia‐derived xylan exhibited antioxidant potential, with an EC50 value of ≈1.5 mg/mL against 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picryl‐hydrazyl‐hydrate (DPPH). In conclusion, ultrasound‐assisted alkaline extraction was successfully employed to extract high‐purity, bioactive xylan from acacia. The purified acacia xylan is a suitable replacement for birchwood glucuronoxylan, which is no longer commercially available, or for expensive beechwood substitute for numerous applications. © 2023 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Maternal diabetes as a teratogenic factor for congenital heart defects in infants of diabetic mothers
Authors: Aloqab Faisal Waheed , Almajed Mohamed Ramzi , Binsanad Noor Arif , Al Amer Saud Rashid , Kalis Neale Nicola 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCongenital heart defects (CHDs) are shown to have an association with maternal diabetes mellitus. The Bahraini population has a high prevalence of diabetes 16.3% thus putting it at increased risk of developing CHDs in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs).ObjectiveDescribing the prevalence of CHDs in IDM in the Kingdom of Bahrain.DesignA retrospective clinical study.SettingBahrain Defense Force Hospital, Kingdom of Bahrain.MethodsThe study took place from January 1998 to January 2020. A history was recorded for all patients who were referred to the only tertiary cardiac center in Bahrain for echocardiography. Data was recorded on an Excel Sheet for analysis. A cardiac anatomy survey was conducted by an experienced pediatric cardiologist for each patient and the defects were categorized into acyanotic and cyanotic lesions.ResultsFive thousand five hundred sixty‐nine patients were referred for cardiac echocardiography. Three thousand two hundred fifty‐six patients were diagnosed with CHDs, 2,987 were non‐IDM whereas 269 were IDM. Patients diagnosed with non‐structural defects were excluded. Atrial septal defect (ASD) was identified in 744 patients and was more likely to occur in non‐IDM (p‐value = .005). Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) was identified in 35 patients and was more likely to occur in IDM (p‐value < .001). Transposition of the great arteries (TGAs) was identified in 80 patients and was more likely to occur in IDM (p‐value .002). Double inlet left ventricle (DILV), Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HPLHS), and Other Uni‐Ventricular Hearts were all more likely to occur in IDM with p‐values < .05.ConclusionThis study showed significant association between fetal exposure to diabetes and the development of ASD, HOCM, TGA, DILV, HPLHS, and Other Uni‐Ventricular Hearts.
School health and wellbeing and national education system reform: A qualitative study
Authors: Long Sara Jayne , Hawkins Jemma , Murphy Simon , Moore Graham 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe education systems of the four UK nations are diverging, and the education system in Wales is undergoing major reform with substantially increased emphasis on health and wellbeing. Understanding the implementation of major policy and system reforms requires an understanding of system histories and starting points. This study aimed to explore the perceived roles of schools in contemporary society, and how this role has evolved over time; the aims of the reforms, with a particular focus on health and wellbeing; and perceived barriers and facilitators for implementation. Interviews were held with senior stakeholders in the Welsh education system who held a strategic role in shaping the reforms. These included senior members of government and schools with a remit in either design of the curriculum or educationalists’ professional learning, Wales's school regulatory body, and those with a multidisciplinary remit in health and education. Interviews were subjected to thematic analysis, which produced a number of themes related to each objective, including ‘a changing society and increasing expectations on schools’, ‘the perceived role of schools in supporting health and wellbeing’, ‘the aims of the reform’, ‘what will success look like?’, ‘national level barriers and facilitators’ and ‘community and school level barriers and facilitators’. Findings suggest that education system reform requires change at multiple levels of the education system. Consideration of each level, and the interactions between them, is necessary for achieving change.
Exploring educational policy transfer: A structure–agency perspective
Authors: Yang Yijun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study presents some of the current methodological issues regarding the analysis and comprehension of educational policy transfer, with particular emphasis on the issue of structure and agency. It suggests some shortcomings of current educational policy transfer research in dealing with the complex interaction between structure and agency. To fill those voids, drawing from Archer's morphogenetic approach in educational policy transfer, an alternative framework of educational policy transfer is presented. A case from the author's current research on China's interest in Japanese vocational education during the late Qing Dynasty is given to explain the usage of this new interpretive framework. It is hoped that this new conceptual framework will aid in analysing educational policy transfer and open up a new methodological and theoretical space for future educational policy transfer research.
Molecular docking of novel donor–π–acceptor dicyanomethylenedihydrofuran‐based fluorescent chromophores
Authors: Albalawi Marzough Aziz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA series of donor–π–acceptor dicyanomethylenedihydrofuran (DCDHF)‐based chromophores comprising different π‐aryl bridges and different terminal groups was synthesized and characterized. The chromophores were synthesized via Knoevenagel condensation of the active methyl‐bearing DCDHF (electron acceptor) with a tertiary amine‐containing arylaldehyde (electron donor) in dry pyridine at room temperature in the presence of a few drops of acetic acid. The synthesis approach involved the development of phenyl(thienyl)vinyl‐bridged dicyanomethylenedihydrofuran dyes with a tertiary amine terminal group. Both absorption and emission spectra were explored. The strong emission properties detected using the synthesized chromophores could be attributed to intramolecular charge transfer. The chemical structures of the synthesized chromophores were verified using 1H/13C nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Both tertiary amine‐containing and arylaldehyde groups were found to influence the biological properties of the synthesized chromophores. The synthesized (DCDHF)‐based hybrids were tested to examine antibacterial effectiveness. Derivatives 1 and 2 demonstrated activity towards Gram‐positive bacteria rather than Gram‐negative bacteria when compared with an amoxicillin antibiotic reference. Finally, molecular docking inspiration was undertaken to determine their binding relationships (PDB code: 1LNZ).
Electro‐optical behaviour of CuFe2O4@rGO nanocomposite for nonenzymatic detection of uric acid via the electrochemical method
Authors: Verma Rahul , Singh Kshitij RB , Verma Ranjana , Singh Jay 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUric acid (UA) is a blood and urine component obtained as a metabolic by‐product of purine nucleotides. Abnormalities in UA metabolism cause crystal deposition as monosodium urate and lead to various diseases such as gout, hyperuricemia, Lesch–Nyhan syndrome, etc. Monitoring these diseases requires a rapid, sensitive, selective, and portable detection approach. Therefore, this study demonstrates the hydrothermal synthesis of CuFe2O4/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite for selective detection of UA. After the nanocomposite synthesis, characterization was performed by X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–visible spectrometry, atomic force spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical analysis. Furthermore, from the electrochemical analysis using cyclic voltammetry (CV), kinetic studies were carried out by varying the scan rate to obtain the diffusion coefficient, surface concentration, and rate of charge transfer to achieve a calibration curve that indicates the quasi reversible nature of the fabricated electrode with a linear regression coefficient of oxidation (R2: 0.9992) and reduction (R2: 0.9971) peaks. Moreover, the fabricated nonenzymatic amperometric sensor to detect UA with a linearity (R2: 0.9989) of 1–400 μM was highly sensitive (2.75 × 10−4 mAμM−1 cm−2) and had a lower limit of detection (0.01231 μM) at pH 7.5 in phosphate‐buffered saline solution. Therefore, the CuFe2O4/rGO/ITO‐based nonenzymatic sensor could detect interfering agents and spiked real bovine serum samples with higher sensitivity and selectivity for UA detection.
Impact of dual‐baculovirus infection on the Sf9 insect cell transcriptome during rAAV production using single‐cell RNA‐seq
Authors: Virgolini Nikolaus , Silvano Marco , Hagan Ryan , Correia Ricardo , Alves Paula M. , Clarke Colin , Roldão António , Isidro Inês A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe insect cell‐baculovirus expression vector system (IC‐BEVS) has shown to be a powerful platform to produce complex biopharmaceutical products, such as recombinant proteins and virus‐like particles. More recently, IC‐BEVS has also been used as an alternative to produce recombinant adeno‐associated virus (rAAV). However, little is known about the variability of insect cell populations and the potential effect of heterogeneity (e.g., stochastic infection process and differences in infection kinetics) on product titer and/or quality. In this study, transcriptomics analysis of Sf9 insect cells during the production of rAAV of serotype 2 (rAAV2) using a low multiplicity of infection, dual‐baculovirus system was performed via single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq). Before infection, the principal source of variability in Sf9 insect cells was associated with the cell cycle. Over the course of infection, an increase in transcriptional heterogeneity was detected, which was linked to the expression of baculovirus genes as well as to differences in rAAV transgenes (rep, cap and gfp) expression. Noteworthy, at 24 h post‐infection, only 29.4% of cells enclosed all three necessary rAAV transgenes to produce packed rAAV2 particles, indicating limitations of the dual‐baculovirus system. In addition, the trajectory analysis herein performed highlighted that biological processes such as protein folding, metabolic processes, translation, and stress response have been significantly altered upon infection. Overall, this work reports the first application of scRNA‐seq to the IC‐BEVS and highlights significant variations in individual cells within the population, providing insight into the rational cell and process engineering toward improved rAAV2 production in IC‐BEVS.
Enhanced bioprocess control to advance the manufacture of mesenchymal stromal cell‐derived extracellular vesicles in stirred‐tank bioreactors
Authors: Costa Marta H. G. , Costa Margarida S. , Painho Beatriz , Sousa Carolina D. , Carrondo Inês , Oltra Enrique , Pelacho Beatriz , Prosper Felipe , Isidro Inês A. , Alves Paula , Serra Margarida 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) act as signaling mediators of cellular responses. However, despite representing a promising alternative to cell‐based therapies, clinical translation of EVs is currently limited by their lack of scalability and standardized bioprocessing. Herein, we integrated scalable downstream processing protocols with standardized expansion of large numbers of viable cells in stirred‐tank bioreactors to improve EV production. Higher EV yields were linked to EV isolation by tangential flow filtration followed by size exclusion chromatography, rendering 5 times higher number of EVs comparatively to density gradient ultracentrifugation protocols. Additionally, when compared to static culture, EV manufacture in bioreactors resulted in 2.2 higher yields. Highlighting the role of operating under optimal cell culture conditions to maximize the number of EVs secreted per cell, MSCs cultured at lower glucose concentration favored EV secretion. While offline measurements of metabolites concentration can be performed, in this work, Raman spectroscopy was also applied to continuously track glucose levels in stirred‐tank bioreactors, contributing to streamline the selection of optimal EV collection timepoints. Importantly, MSC‐derived EVs retained their quality attributes and were able to stimulate angiogenesis in vitro, therefore highlighting their promising therapeutic potential.
Waffle‐inspired hydrogel‐based macrodevice for spatially controlled distribution of encapsulated therapeutic microtissues and pro‐angiogenic endothelial cells
Authors: Pham Chi H. L. , Zuo Yicong , Chen Yang , Tran Nam M. , Nguyen Dang T. , Dang Tram T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMacro‐encapsulation systems for delivery of cellular therapeutics in diabetes treatment offer major advantages such as device retrievability and high cell packing density. However, microtissue aggregation and absence of vasculature have been implicated in the inadequate transfer of nutrients and oxygen to the transplanted cellular grafts. Herein, we develop a hydrogel‐based macrodevice to encapsulate therapeutic microtissues positioned in homogeneous spatial distribution to mitigate their aggregation while concurrently supporting an organized intra‐device network of vascular‐inductive cells. Termed Waffle‐inspired Interlocking Macro‐encapsulation (WIM) device, this platform comprises two modules with complementary topography features that fit together in a lock‐and‐key configuration. The waffle‐inspired grid‐like micropattern of the “lock” component effectively entraps insulin‐secreting microtissues in controlled locations while the interlocking design places them in a co‐planar spatial arrangement with close proximity to vascular‐inductive cells. The WIM device co‐laden with INS‐1E microtissues and human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) maintains desirable cellular viability in vitro with the encapsulated microtissues retaining their glucose‐responsive insulin secretion while embedded HUVECs express pro‐angiogenic markers. Furthermore, a subcutaneously implanted alginate‐coated WIM device encapsulating primary rat islets achieves blood glucose control for 2 weeks in chemically induced diabetic mice. Overall, this macrodevice design lays foundation for a cell delivery platform, which has the potential to facilitate nutrients and oxygen transport to therapeutic grafts and thereby might lead to improved disease management outcome.
Cancer‐associated fibroblast‐derived secreted phosphoprotein 1 contributes to resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib and lenvatinib
Authors: Eun Jung Woo , Yoon Jung Hwan , Ahn Hye Ri , Kim Seokhwi , Kim Young Bae , Lim Su Bin , Park Won , Kang Tae Wook , Baek Geum Ok , Yoon Moon Gyeong , Son Ju A , Weon Ji Hyang , Kim Soon Sun , Cho Hyo Jung , Cheong Jae Youn 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important role in the induction of chemo‐resistance. This study aimed to clarify the mechanism underlying CAF‐mediated resistance to two tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), sorafenib and lenvatinib, and to identify a novel therapeutic target for overcoming TKI resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsWe performed a systematic integrative analysis of publicly available gene expression datasets and whole‐transcriptome sequencing data from 9 pairs of CAFs and para‐cancer fibroblasts isolated from human HCC and para‐tumor tissues, respectively, to identify key molecules that might induce resistance to TKIs. We then performed in vitro and in vivo experiments to validate selected targets and related mechanisms. The associations of plasma secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) expression levels before sorafenib/lenvatinib treatment with progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of 54 patients with advanced HCC were evaluated using Kaplan‐Meier and Cox regression analysis.ResultsBioinformatic analysis identified CAF‐derived SPP1 as a candidate molecule driving TKI resistance. SPP1 inhibitors reversed CAF‐induced TKI resistance in vitro and in vivo. CAF‐derived SPP1 activated rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF)/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) through the integrin‐protein kinase C‐alpha (PKCα) signaling pathway and promoted epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). A high plasma SPP1 level before TKI treatment was identified as an independent predictor of poor PFS (P = 0.026) and OS (P = 0.047) in patients with advanced HCC after TKI treatment.ConclusionsCAF‐derived SPP1 enhances TKI resistance in HCC via bypass activation of oncogenic signals and EMT promotion. Its inhibition represents a promising therapeutic strategy against TKI resistance in HCC. Moreover, plasma SPP1 level before TKI treatment represents a potential biomarker for treatment response prediction.
Kounis syndrome following multiple wasp stings: A case report
Authors: Basnet Angela , Khadka Manoj , Alismail Abdullah , Shrestha Dhan Bahadur , Thapa Ashok 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis is a case of Kounis syndrome with chest tightness, lightheadedness, unconsciousness, and features of shock following multiple wasp stings. Despite cardiopulmonary resuscitation and management of allergic and cardiac symptoms, the patient died. Kounis syndrome should be suspected when a patient presents with allergic symptoms and acute coronary syndrome.
Mycophenolate mofetil–induced hyperlipidemia with cutaneous manifestations
Authors: Yim Rebecca M. , Sahni Vikram N. , Mathis Jason G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report a case of a 49 year old woman who developed biopsy‐proven xanthomas on her hands and arms after initiation of Mycophenolate mofetil therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and subsequently went into remission upon cessation of the medication.
“All‐on‐4” and “All‐on‐6” treatment concept applied using computer‐guided surgery in a patient: Case report with a 2‐year follow‐up
Authors: Albaqawi Ahmed Heji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis case aimed to assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of the All‐on‐4 and the All‐on‐6 concept using three‐dimensional computer‐assisted treatment planning, and computer‐guided surgery. Two years after the treatment, the “All‐on‐4” and “All‐on‐6” concepts provided effective treatment for immediate restoration and showed predictable outcomes in a completely edentulous patient.