bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association Between Ambient Temperature and Snakebite in Georgia, USA: A Case‐Crossover Study
Authors: Landry Mariah , D’Souza Rohan , Moss Shannon , Chang Howard H. , Ebelt Stefanie , Wilson Lawrence , Scovronick Noah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe World Health Organization has identified snakebite envenoming as a highest priority neglected tropical disease, yet there is a dearth of epidemiologic research on environmental risk factors, including outdoor temperature. Temperature may affect snakebites through human behavior or snake behavior; snakes are ectotherms, meaning outdoor temperatures influence their internal body temperature and thus their behavior. Here we investigate the relationship between short‐term temperature and snakebites in Georgia, one of the most biodiverse US states in terms of herpetofauna. We acquired emergency department (ED) visit data for Georgia between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2020. Visits for venomous and non‐venomous snakebites were identified using diagnosis codes. For comparison, we also considered visits for non‐snake (e.g., insects, spiders, scorpions) envenomation. Daily meteorology from the Daymet 1 km product was linked to patient residential ZIP codes. We applied a case‐crossover design to estimate associations of daily maximum temperature and snakebite ED visits. During the 7‐year study period, there were 3,908 visits for venomous snakebites, 1,124 visits for non‐venomous bites and 65,187 visits for non‐snake envenomation. Across the entire period, a 1°C increase in same‐day maximum temperature was associated with a 5.6% (95%CI: 4.0–7.3) increase in the odds of venomous snakebite and a 5.8% (95%CI: 3.0–8.8) increase in non‐venomous snakebite. Associations were strongest in the spring. We also observed a positive and significant (p < 0.05) association for non‐snake envenomation, albeit slightly smaller and more consistent across seasons compared to those for snakebites.
Will Future Southwestern Europe Large‐Scale Circulations Resemble Past Circulations? A Focus on the Circulations Driving Extreme Precipitation in the Northern French Alps
Authors: Blanchet J. , Blanc A. , Boulard J. , Creutin J.‐D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDetecting trends in regional large‐scale circulation (LSC) is an important challenge as LSC is a key driver of local weather conditions. In this work, we focus on two LSC characteristics that are linked to the generation of extreme precipitation in the northern French Alps and that allow interpreting changes in flow direction and flow intensity. Considering 500 hPa geopotential height fields, we show that CNRM‐CM6‐1 climate model simulates that future circulations (2015–2100) will tend to feature stronger flows with more marked westerly component. They will visit up to 30% more often the atmospheric states that are characteristic of extreme precipitation in the northern French Alps with particularly over‐recurrence in winter (+60%) and spring (+50%). In a “fictive” world where only these characteristics would change, this would induce an overall over‐recurrence of extreme precipitation of up to 15% (30% in winter), which corresponds to about 20% of the change in extreme precipitation simulated directly by CNRM‐CM6‐1. Applying the present methodology to an ensemble of climate models appears as the next step to account for simulation uncertainties both in LSC and precipitation extremes.
Observed Dawn and Twilight Pressure Sudden Peaks in the Global Martian Surface and Possible Relationships With Atmospheric Tides
Authors: Yang Chengyun , Sun Cong , Wu Zhaopeng , Li Tao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMultilanders and rovers on Mars have observed the diurnal variation in surface pressure with two significant peaks at dawn and twilight (around 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m.) at different locations near the equinox. The Dynamic Meteorology Laboratory Martian General Circulation Model (GCM) simulates similar phase‐locked surface pressure fluctuations. The surface pressure peaks at a certain local time occur at most mid‐ and low‐latitude locations, as GCM simulations suggested. By reconstructing the surface pressure variation from the horizontal mass flux obtained in the GCM simulations, we find that the pressure fluctuations are due to the diurnal variation in the horizontal wind divergence and convergence in the Martian tropical troposphere. The diurnal variation in surface pressure corresponds to the migrating diurnal tidal wind, with the enhanced convergence due to the overlap of the 4‐hr and 6‐hr tides before 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. Although the amplitudes of the 4‐hr and 6‐hr tides are smaller than those of diurnal tides, the convergences/divergences caused by the 4‐hr/6‐hr tidal winds at different altitudes are in phase and added up together to create a mass flux comparable to that induced by diurnal/semidiurnal components and lead to rapid pressure fluctuations. The 4‐hr/6‐hr tidal amplitudes and the two pressure peaks at dawn and twilight are the strongest near the equinox.
Barchan Dunes Cruising Dune‐Size Obstacles
Authors: Assis W. R. , Borges D. S. , Franklin E. M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe investigate the behavior of subaqueous barchans reaching dune‐size obstacles by carrying out experiments where we varied the obstacle shape and size, the flow strength, and the grains' properties. We found that a subaqueous barchan can pass over or bypass a dune‐size obstacle, or even be blocked, with some intermediate situations. In the bypass cases, the original barchan can split in two or more bedforms, redistributing sand in space. Finally, we propose a classification map in which the barchan behavior depends basically on two dimensionless parameters. Our results represent a step toward understanding how barchans behave in the presence of large obstacles, such as retaining walls, tubes and bridge pillars.
Fetal cannabidiol (CBD) exposure alters thermal pain sensitivity, problem-solving, and prefrontal cortex excitability
Authors: Swenson Karli S. , Gomez Wulschner Luis E. , Hoelscher Victoria M. , Folts Lillian , Korth Kamryn M. , Oh Won Chan , Bates Emily Anne 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThousands of people suffer from nausea with pregnancy each year. Nausea can be alleviated with cannabidiol (CBD), a primary component of cannabis that is widely available. However, it is unknown how fetal CBD exposure affects embryonic development and postnatal outcomes. CBD binds and activates receptors that are expressed in the fetal brain and are important for brain development, including serotonin receptors (5HT1A), voltage-gated potassium (Kv)7 receptors, and the transient potential vanilloid 1 receptor (TRPV1). Excessive activation of each of these receptors can disrupt neurodevelopment. Here, we test the hypothesis that fetal CBD exposure in mice alters offspring neurodevelopment and postnatal behavior. We administered 50 mg/kg CBD in sunflower oil or sunflower oil alone to pregnant mice from embryonic day 5 through birth. We show that fetal CBD exposure sensitizes adult male offspring to thermal pain through TRPV1. We show that fetal CBD exposure decreases problem-solving behaviors in female CBD-exposed offspring. We demonstrate that fetal CBD exposure increases the minimum current required to elicit action potentials and decreases the number of action potentials in female offspring layer 2/3 prefrontal cortex (PFC) pyramidal neurons. Fetal CBD exposure reduces the amplitude of glutamate uncaging-evoked excitatory post-synaptic currents, consistent with CBD-exposed female problem-solving behavior deficits. Combined, these data show that fetal CBD exposure disrupts neurodevelopment and postnatal behavior in a sex specific manner.
The role of chromatin remodeler SMARCA4/BRG1 in brain cancers: a potential therapeutic target
Authors: Navickas Sophie M. , Giles Katherine A. , Brettingham-Moore Kate H. , Taberlay Phillippa C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe chromatin remodeler SMARCA4/BRG1 is a key epigenetic regulator with diverse roles in coordinating the molecular programs that underlie brain tumour development. BRG1 function in brain cancer is largely specific to the tumour type and varies further between tumour subtypes, highlighting its complexity. Altered SMARCA4 expression has been linked to medulloblastoma, low-grade gliomas such as oligodendroglioma, high-grade gliomas such as glioblastoma and atypical/teratoid rhabdoid tumours. SMARCA4 mutations in brain cancer predominantly occur in the crucial catalytic ATPase domain, which is associated with tumour suppressor activity. However, SMARCA4 is opposingly seen to promote tumourigenesis in the absence of mutation and through overexpression in other brain tumours. This review explores the multifaceted interaction between SMARCA4 and various brain cancer types, highlighting its roles in tumour pathogenesis, the pathways it regulates, and the advances that have been made in understanding the functional relevance of mutations. We discuss developments made in targeting SMARCA4 and the potential to translate these to adjuvant therapies able to enhance current methods of brain cancer treatment.
Cortical structural and functional coupling during development and implications for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Soman Shania Mereen , Vijayakumar Nandita , Thomson Phoebe , Ball Gareth , Hyde Christian , Silk Timothy J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFunctional connectivity is scaffolded by the structural connections of the brain. Disruptions of either structural or functional connectivity can lead to deficits in cognitive functions and increase the risk for neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To date, very little research has examined the association between structural and functional connectivity in typical development, while no studies have attempted to understand the development of structure-function coupling in children with ADHD. 175 individuals (84 typically developing children and 91 children with ADHD) participated in a longitudinal neuroimaging study with up to three waves. In total, we collected 278 observations between the ages 9 and 14 (139 each in typically developing controls and ADHD). Regional measures of structure-function coupling were calculated at each timepoint using Spearman’s rank correlation and mixed effect models were used to determine group differences and longitudinal changes in coupling over time. In typically developing children, we observed increases in structure-function coupling strength across multiple higher-order cognitive and sensory regions. Overall, weaker coupling was observed in children with ADHD, mainly in the prefrontal cortex, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior parietal cortex. Further, children with ADHD showed an increased rate of coupling strength predominantly in the inferior frontal gyrus, superior parietal cortex, precuneus, mid-cingulate, and visual cortex, compared to no corresponding change over time in typically developing controls. This study provides evidence of the joint maturation of structural and functional brain connections in typical development across late childhood to mid-adolescence, particularly in regions that support cognitive maturation. Findings also suggest that children with ADHD exhibit different patterns of structure-function coupling, suggesting atypical patterns of coordinated white matter and functional connectivity development predominantly in the regions overlapping with the default mode network, salience network, and dorsal attention network during late childhood to mid-adolescence.
Ultra-conformable liquid metal particle monolayer on air/water interface for substrate-free E-tattoo
Authors: Li Fali , Lei Wenjuan , Wang Yuwei , Lu Xingjian , Li Shengbin , Xu Feng , He Zidong , Liu Jinyun , Yang Huali , Wu Yuanzhao , Shang Jie , Liu Yiwei , Li Run-Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGallium-based liquid metal has gained significant attention in conformal flexible electronics due to its high electrical conductivity, intrinsic deformability, and biocompatibility. However, the fabrication of large-area and highly uniform conformal liquid metal films remains challenging. Interfacial self-assembly has emerged as a promising method, but traditional approaches face difficulties in assembling liquid metal particles. Here, we realized the multi-size universal self-assembly (MUS) for liquid metal particles with various diameters (<500 μm). By implementing a z-axis undisturbed interfacial material releasing strategy, the interference of gravitational energy on the stability of floating particles is avoided, enabling the fabrication of ultra-conformable monolayer films with large areas (>100 cm2) and high floating yield (50–90%). Moreover, the films can be conformally transferred onto complex surfaces such as human skin, allowing for the fabrication of substrate-free flexible devices. This eliminates interference from traditional substrate mechanical responses, making the liquid metal e-tattoo more user-friendly.
A systematic review of questionnaires measuring asthma control in children in a primary care population
Authors: Bousema Sara , Bohnen Arthur M. , Bindels Patrick J. E. , Elshout Gijs 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSeveral questionnaires are used to measure asthma control in children. The most appropriate tool for use in primary care is not defined. In this systematic review, we evaluated questionnaires used to measure asthma control in children in primary care and determined their usefulness in asthma management. Searches were performed in the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Cochrane databases with end date 24 June 2022. The study population comprised children aged 5–18 years with asthma. Three reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed, using the COSMIN criteria for the measurement properties of health status questionnaires. Studies conducted in primary care were included if a minimum of two questionnaires were compared. Studies in secondary or tertiary care and studies of quality-of-life questionnaires were excluded. Heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. Five publications were included: four observational studies and one sub-study of a randomized controlled trial. A total of 806 children were included (aged 5–18 years). We evaluated the Asthma Control Test (ACT), childhood Asthma Control Test (c-ACT), Asthma APGAR system, NAEPP criteria and Royal College of Physicians’ ‘3 questions’ (RCP3Q). These questionnaires assess different symptoms and domains. The quality of most of the studies was rated ‘intermediate’ or ‘poor’. The majority of the evaluated questionnaires do not show substantial agreement with one another, which makes a comparison challenging. Based on the current review, we suggest that the Asthma APGAR system seems promising as a questionnaire for determining asthma control in children in primary care.
Immunogenicity of NVX-CoV2373 heterologous boost against SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Lyke Kirsten E. , Atmar Robert L. , Dominguez Islas Clara , Posavad Christine M. , Deming Meagan E. , Branche Angela R. , Johnston Christine , El Sahly Hana M. , Edupuganti Srilatha , Mulligan Mark J. , Jackson Lisa A. , Rupp Richard E. , Rostad Christina A. , Coler Rhea N. , Bäcker Martín , Kottkamp Angelica C. , Babu Tara M. , Dobrzynski David , Martin Judith M. , Brady Rebecca C. , Frenck Robert W. , Rajakumar Kumaravel , Kotloff Karen , Rouphael Nadine , Szydlo Daniel , PaulChoudhury Rahul , Archer Janet I. , Crandon Sonja , Ingersoll Brian , Eaton Amanda , Brown Elizabeth R. , McElrath M. Juliana , Neuzil Kathleen M. , Stephens David S. , Post Diane J. , Lin Bob C. , Serebryannyy Leonid , Beigel John H. , Montefiori David C. , Roberts Paul C. ,   the DMID 21-0012 Study Group, Anderson Evan J. , Berman Megan , Cohen Kristen W. , De Rosa Stephen , Dickey Michelle , Dong Jennifer Lee , Ellis Madison , Falsey Ann R. , Fleming Andrew B. , Floyd Katharine , Foster Stephanie L. , Graciaa Daniel , Kahn Ahsen , Kamidani Satoshi , Keitel Wendy A. , Lai Lilin , Larsen Sasha E. , Lee Marina , Manning Kelly , Moore Kathryn M. , Mulholland Vivian , Muniz Gysella B. , Nayak Seema , Noor Asif , Patel Mit , Porterfield Laura , Price Angie , Shannon Ian , Shope Timothy R. , Stanford Amber , Suthar Mehul S. , Wald Anna , Whitaker Jennifer A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
As part of a multicenter study evaluating homologous and heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccines, we assessed the magnitude, breadth, and short-term durability of binding and pseudovirus-neutralizing antibody (PsVNA) responses following a single booster dose of NVX-CoV2373 in adults primed with either Ad26.COV2.S, mRNA-1273, or BNT162b2 vaccines. NVX-CoV2373 as a heterologous booster was immunogenic and associated with no safety concerns through Day 91. Fold-rises in PsVNA titers from baseline (Day 1) to Day 29 were highest for prototypic D614G variant and lowest for more recent Omicron sub-lineages BQ.1.1 and XBB.1. Peak humoral responses against all SARS-CoV-2 variants were lower in those primed with Ad26.COV2.S than with mRNA vaccines. Prior SARS CoV-2 infection was associated with substantially higher baseline PsVNA titers, which remained elevated relative to previously uninfected participants through Day 91. These data support the use of heterologous protein-based booster vaccines as an acceptable alternative to mRNA or adenoviral-based COVID-19 booster vaccines. This trial was conducted under ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04889209.
Female-biased introductions produce higher predicted population size and genetic diversity in simulations of a small, isolated tiger (Panthera tigris) population
Authors: Ash Eric , Cushman Samuel , Kaszta Żaneta , Landguth Erin , Redford Tim , Macdonald David W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIsolation of wildlife populations represents a key conservation challenge in the twenty-first century. This may necessitate consideration of translocations to ensure population viability. We investigated the potential population and genetic trajectory of a small, isolated tiger (Panthera tigris) population in Thailand’s Dong Phayayen-Khao Yai forest complex across a range of scenarios. Using an individual-based, spatially-explicit population modelling approach, we simulate population and genetic trajectories and evaluate the relative impact of translocations from a related population. Population and genetic trajectories in our study were most sensitive to sex and number of individuals translocated and translocation frequency. Translocation of females produced consistently higher population, allelic richness, and heterozygosity compared to equal numbers of males. Despite population increases, declines in allelic richness and heterozygosity across simulations were stark, with simulations predicting a mean decline of allelic richness and heterozygosity of 46.5% and 53.5% without intervention, respectively. Translocations of four females every generation or every other generation were required to prevent substantial heterozygosity declines. While translocations could increase population size, they may fail to prevent long-term loss of genetic diversity in small populations unless applied frequently. This reinforces the importance of incorporating realistic processes of genetic inheritance and gene flow in modelling small populations.
Effects of dialkoxybenzenes against Varroa destructor and identification of 1-allyloxy-4-propoxybenzene as a promising acaricide candidate
Authors: Dawdani Soniya , O’Neill Marissa , Castillo Carlos , Sámano Jorge E. Macias , Higo Heather , Ibrahim Abdullah , Pernal Stephen F. , Plettner Erika 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe honey bee is responsible for pollination of a large proportion of crop plants, but the health of honey bee populations has been challenged by the parasitic mite Varroa destructor. Mite infestation is the main cause of colony losses during the winter months, which causes significant economic challenges in apiculture. Treatments have been developed to control the spread of varroa. However, many of these treatments are no longer effective due to acaricide resistance. In a search of varroa-active compounds, we tested the effect of dialkoxybenzenes on the mite. A structure–activity relationship revealed that 1-allyloxy-4-propoxybenzene is most active of a series of dialkoxybenzenes tested. We found that three compounds (1-allyloxy-4-propoxybenzene, 1,4-diallyloxybenzene and 1,4-dipropoxybenzene) cause paralysis and death of adult varroa mites, whereas the previously discovered compound, 1,3-diethoxybenzene, which alters host choice of adult mites in certain conditions, did not cause paralysis. Since paralysis can be caused by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a ubiquitous enzyme in the nervous system of animals, we tested dialkoxybenzenes on human, honey bee and varroa AChE. These tests revealed that 1-allyloxy-4-propoxybenzene had no effects on AChE, which leads us to conclude that 1-allyloxy-4-propoxybenzene does not exert its paralytic effect on mites through AChE. In addition to paralysis, the most active compounds affected the ability of the mites to find and remain at the abdomen of host bees provided during assays. A test of 1-allyloxy-4-propoxybenzene in the field, during the autumn of 2019 in two locations, showed that this compound has promise in the treatment of varroa infestations.
Association between preoperative C-reactive protein to albumin ratio and late arteriovenous fistula dysfunction in hemodialysis patients: a cohort study
Authors: Hu Shouliang , Wang Runjing , Ma Tean , Lei Qingfeng , Yuan Fanli , Zhang Yong , Wang Dan , Cheng Junzhang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractArteriovenous fistula (AVF) dysfunction is a critical complication in hemodialysis (HD) patients, with inflammation potentially contributing to its development. This retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between preoperative C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) and AVF dysfunction in Chinese HD patients. A total of 726 adults with end-stage renal disease who underwent new AVF placement between 2011 and 2019 were included. Multivariable Cox regression and Fine and Gray competing risk models were employed to assess the relationship between CAR and AVF dysfunction, considering death and renal transplantation as competing risks. Among 726 HD patients, 29.2% experienced AVF dysfunction during a median follow-up of 36 months. Adjusted analyses revealed that higher CAR levels were associated with an increased risk of AVF dysfunction, with a 27% higher risk per one-unit increase in CAR. Furthermore, patients with CAR values ≥ 0.153 exhibited a 75% elevated risk compared to those with CAR values < 0.035 (P = 0.004). The relationship between CAR and AVF dysfunction varied by the site of internal jugular vein catheter placement (P for trend = 0.011). Notably, the Fine and Gray analysis confirmed the association between CAR and AVF dysfunction, with a 31% increased risk per one-unit increase in CAR. The highest CAR tertile remained an independent predictor of AVF dysfunction (HR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.21–2.58, P = 0.003). These findings highlight the potential of CAR as a prognostic marker for AVF dysfunction in Chinese HD patients. Clinicians should consider CAR levels and catheter placement site when assessing the risk of AVF dysfunction in this population.