bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of laser Doppler flowmetry in patients with bacterial and viral (covid-19) community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Abuldinova O. A. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction. As a result of the coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic, almost 74.9 thousand people died of pneumonia in Russia in 2021. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is accompanied by a systemic re­sponse of the body to inflammation in the lung tissue and disorder of microhemocirculation. The method of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) allows assessing the general parameters of the microcirculatory bed and determining the state of various factors regulating the nutritive flow.Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of LDF indices in patients with COVID-19- associated and bacterial CAP.Materials and methods. 140 patients were examined, 100 of them with non-severe CAP (main group), and 40 patients with extrapulmonary pathology (comparison group). The main group included 44 people with bacterial CAP and 56 people with COVID-19-associated CAP. Bacteriological studies of sputum were performed; detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in swabs from the oropharynx and nasopharynx by PCR, LDF to assess the state of pe­ripheral blood flow was carried out.Results. In patients with COVID-19-associated CAP, compared with patients with bacterial CAP, a decrease in the microcirculation index by 1.26 times (p<0.0005), an increase in the coefficient of variation by 1.11 times (p<0.0005) was found.Conclusion. In patients with COVID-19-associated CAP, compared with patients with bacterial CAP, more significant pathological changes in Dopplerograms were detected, which may indicate more pronounced disorders in the microcirculatory bed in COVID-19-associated CAP caused by exposure to the SARS-COV- 2 virus. Perhaps the established fact can lead to adverse outcomes of the course of the disease.
Trends in tuberculosis epidemiology in the Republic of Crimea for the period 2014-2021
Authors: Makhkamova Z. R. , Golubova T. N. , Tkachenko I. Yu. 
Published: December 2022

Aim. To assess the epidemiological situation on tuberculosis (TB) in the Republic of Crimea in 2014­2021 based on the study of morbidity, prevalence and mortality.Materials and methods. The analysis was conducted based on official data presented by the Crimean Republican Clinical Center of Phthisiology and Pulmonology.Results. During the study period in the Republic of Crimea the TB incidence decreased in 2.1 times. The downward tendency of both the incidence of all forms of TB (the growth rate is 51.7%) and pulmonary TB (growth rate is 50.2%) has been de­tected. The incidence of destructive forms of TB in Crimea reduced by 1.6 times, the proportion of destructive forms among first-time detected cases of TB was 48.2%. The peak of TB prevalence in the Republic of Crimea was in 2014 (132.1 cases per 100,000 population). In the following years there was a positive trend and by 2021 the rate decreased by 1.7 times, amounting to 77.8 cases per 100 thousand population. During the study period in the region there was a 2-fold decrease in the TB mortality rate from 17.1 in 2014 to 8.3 cases per 100 thousand population in 2021 (growth rate -51.5%). Despite the steady decrease in the mortality rate from all forms of TB in the region, there is still a stable high proportion of TB patients who died before the first year of follow-up. One of the reasons for the negative situation should be called the late diagnostics of the pathology under study, which is confirmed by the average percentage for the period 2014-2021 of untimely detected cases of TB, as well as neglected forms of TB (33.7% and 22.5%, respectively). During the period when the Republic of Crimea was a part of the Russian Federation, the financing of TB service increased by 2.1 times and, accordingly, the possibility of improving the quality and efficiency of medical care for TB patients increased, which is certainly one of the important reasons for the positive trends in improving the epidemiological situation of TB in the re­gion for the period 2014-2021.Conclusion. Over the period 2014-2021 in the Republic of Crimea, against the background of significant improvement in the financing of TB services in the region, positive dynamics in the main indicators of the epidemiological situation of TB (morbidity, prevalence and mortality) were observed. At the same time, the part of TB patients who died before the first year of follow-up remained high.
DESAIN PEMBELAJARAN AKIDAH AKHLAK MELALUI PENANAMAN NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN AHLUSSUNNAH WALJAMA’AH DI PONDOK PESANTREN DARUL ULUM
Authors: Anwar Anwar , Wahab Wahab 
Published: December 2022

Faith and moral education is one of the subjects included in the Madrasah curriculum, which in learning the subject explains the values ​​of faith and morals which are fundamental for students so that they can apply it in everyday life. While the values ​​of ahlussunnah waljama’ah are very important to instill in students so that the mindsets possessed by students can be diverse and far from extremism and radicalism. This study analyzes how the Darul Ulum Islamic boarding school instills the values ​​of the ahlussunnah waljamaah faith through the learning of faith and moral education and other religious activities. This research includes field research conducted by observation and interviews. The results of this study include: First, the inculcation of the values ​​of the ahlussunnah wal jamaah creed is based on four concepts, namely: moderate ​​(tawasuth), fair ​​('adlun), balanced ​​(tawazun), and tolerance ​​(tasamuh). Second, instilling the values ​​of faith through religious activities aims to preserve religious activities based on ahlussunnah waljama’ah of Nahdlatul Ulama.
Implementasi Adasyn Untuk Imbalance Data Pada Dataset UNSW-NB15 Adasyn Implementation For Data Imbalance on UNSW-NB15 Dataset
Authors: Amien Januar Al , Yoze Rizki  , Mukhlis Ali Rahman Nasution  
Published: December 2022

Di masa Machine Learning pada saat ini, para peneliti bekerja keras untuk mengembangkan algoritma yang meningkatkan kemungkinan prediksi yang benar dengan akurasi yang lebih baik. Data tidak seimbang adalah ketika ukuran sampel dari satu kelas jauh lebih besar dari kelas lain, sampel minoritas dapat diperlakukan sebagai noise dalam proses klasifikasi, yang mengakibatkan hasil algoritma klasifikasi yang tidak memuaskan. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan dataset UNSW-NB15, setelah menggabungkan data train dan test, terdapat data tidak seimbangan pada kelas label, yaitu 164673 untuk label 1 dan 93000 untuk label 0. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengatasi masalah ketidakseimbangan data pada binary class dengan menggunakan teknik ADASYN dan mendeteksi serangan malware pada dataset UNSW-NB15 dengan menerapkan model algoritma Random Forest dan teknik ADASYN agar mendapatkan performa yang cukup baik. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dengan teknik ADASYN untuk penanganan ketidakseimbangan data pada Binarry Class dan menggunakan model algoritma Random Forest, serta Hyperparameter Optuna untuk klasifikasi Anomali pada data UNSW-NB15 memperoleh akurasi yang cukup baik. Pada beberapa split data mendapatkan nilai akurasi tertinggi pada split data 90/10 dengan hasil 99.86%. dari segi waktu tercepat didapat pada split data 60/40 yaitu 1,85 seconds.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENGENALAN SAINS SEDERHANA MELALUI METODE BERMAIN PENGUKURAN KELAS B TAMAN KANAK-KANAK
Authors: Laali Sri Ayu 
Published: December 2022

Learning science for children in an effort to grow thinking skills really requires the participation of educators for parents, teachers and other adults. The research objective was to determine the ability of simple science recognition skill through playing measurement method of class B at TK Negeri Pembina Banggai Regency. This research used Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subject of this research were 15 children in group B. The results obtained that children developed and showed better results, especially the children in group B. Science is an activity of tracing, observing and doing an experiments. It is necessary for young children to participate in the scientific process, because the skills that they will acquire can be carried over to further developments and will be useful throughout their life.
Zonal Winds of Uranus and Neptune: Gravitational Harmonics, Dynamic Self-gravity, Shape, and Rotation
Authors: Soyuer Deniz , Neuenschwander Benno , Helled Ravit 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Uranus and Neptune exhibit fast surface zonal winds that can reach up to a few hundred meters per second. Previous studies on zonal gravitational harmonics and ohmic dissipation constraints suggest that the wind speeds diminish rapidly in relatively shallow depths within the planets. Through a case-by-case comparison between the missing dynamical gravitational harmonic

J

4

′

from structure models, and with that expected from fluid perturbations, we put constraints on zonal wind decay in Uranus and Neptune. To this end, we generate polytropic empirical structure models of Uranus and Neptune using fourth-order theory of figures that leave hydrostatic J
4 as an open parameter. Allotting the missing dynamical contribution to density perturbations caused by zonal winds (and their dynamic self-gravity), we find that the maximum scale height of zonal winds are ∼2%–3% of the planetary radii for both planets. Allowing the models to have J
2 solutions in the ±5 × 10−6 range around the observed value has similar implications. The effect of self-gravity on

J

4

′

is roughly a factor of ten lower than that of zonal winds, as expected. The decay scale heights are virtually insensitive to the proposed modifications to the bulk rotation periods of Uranus and Neptune in the literature. Additionally, we find that the dynamical density perturbations due to zonal winds have a measurable impact on the shape of the planet, and could potentially be used to infer wind decay and bulk rotation period via future observations.
A Massive Star Is Born: How Feedback from Stellar Winds, Radiation Pressure, and Collimated Outflows Limits Accretion onto Massive Stars
Authors: Rosen Anna L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Massive protostars attain high luminosities as they are actively accreting and the radiation pressure exerted on the gas in the star’s atmosphere may launch isotropic high-velocity winds. These winds will collide with the surrounding gas producing shock-heated (T ∼ 107 K) tenuous gas that adiabatically expands and pushes on the dense gas that may otherwise be accreted. We present a suite of 3D radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the collapse of massive prestellar cores and include radiative feedback from the stellar and dust-reprocessed radiation fields, collimated outflows, and, for the first time, isotropic stellar winds to model how these processes affect the formation of massive stars. We find that winds are initially launched when the massive protostar is still accreting and its wind properties evolve as the protostar contracts to the main sequence. Wind feedback drives asymmetric adiabatic wind bubbles that have a bipolar morphology because the dense circumstellar material pinches the expansion of the hot shock-heated gas. We term this the “wind tunnel effect.” If the core is magnetized, wind feedback is less efficient at driving adiabatic wind bubbles initially because magnetic tension delays their growth. We find that wind feedback eventually quenches accretion onto ∼30 M
⊙ protostars that form from the collapse of the isolated cores simulated here. Hence, our results suggest that ≳30 M
⊙ stars likely require larger-scale dynamical inflows from their host cloud to overcome wind feedback. Additionally, we discuss the implications of observing adiabatic wind bubbles with Chandra while the massive protostars are still highly embedded.
A New Flaring Black Widow Candidate and Demographics of Black Widow Millisecond Pulsars in the Galactic Field
Authors: Swihart Samuel J. , Strader Jay , Chomiuk Laura , Aydi Elias , Sokolovsky Kirill V. , Ray Paul S. , Kerr Matthew 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present the discovery of a new optical/X-ray source likely associated with the Fermi γ-ray source 4FGL J1408.6–2917. Its high-amplitude periodic optical variability, large spectroscopic radial-velocity semiamplitude, evidence for optical emission lines and flaring, and X-ray properties together imply the source is probably a new black widow millisecond pulsar binary. We compile the properties of the 41 confirmed and suspected field black widows, finding a median secondary mass of 0.027 ± 0.003 M
⊙. Considered jointly with the more massive redback millisecond pulsar binaries, we find that the “spider” companion mass distribution remains strongly bimodal, with essentially zero systems having companion masses of between ∼0.07 and 0.1 M
⊙. X-ray emission from black widows is typically softer and less luminous than in redbacks, consistent with less efficient particle acceleration in the intrabinary shock in black widows, excepting a few systems that appear to have more efficient “redback-like” shocks. Together black widows and redbacks dominate the census of the fastest spinning field millisecond pulsars in binaries with known companion types, making up ≳80% of systems with P
spin < 2 ms. Similar to redbacks, the neutron star masses in black widows appear on average significantly larger than the canonical 1.4 M
⊙, and many of the highest-mass neutron stars claimed to date are black widows with M
NS ≳ 2.1 M
⊙. Both of these observations are consistent with an evolutionary picture where spider millisecond pulsars emerge from short orbital period progenitors that had a lengthy period of mass transfer initiated while the companion was on the main sequence, leading to fast spins and high masses.
Deflection of O2
+ Ion Flow by Magnetic Fields in the Martian Ionosphere
Authors: Li Shibang , Lu Haoyu , Cao Jinbin , Cui Jun , Zhou Chenling , Wild James A. , Li Guokan , Li Yun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The effect of the Martian crustal magnetic field on ion escape is the focus of considerable interest. Directions of magnetic fields near Mars determined by the interaction between Mars’ crustal and interplanetary magnetic fields have been suggested to play a significant role on ion transport around Mars. In this study we investigate the physical mechanism of deflection of

O

2

+

ion flow in two typical magnetic field orientations at the horizontal plane in the Martian ionosphere by performing 3D multifluid Hall magnetohydrodynamic simulations. Cross validation of the simulation results from two cases with the G110 crustal field model and equivalent source dipole model reveals that due to the Hall electric force,

O

2

+

ion flow tends to be accelerated eastwards in the region occupied by outward magnetic fields, and westwards in the region with inward magnetic fields. These results are helpful for understanding the impact of magnetic fields on the deflection of ionospheric ions in the Martian space environment.
Quantum Chemical Computations of Gas-phase Glycolaldehyde Deuteration and Constraints on Its Formation Route
Authors: Vazart Fanny , Ceccarelli Cecilia , Balucani Nadia , Skouteris Dimitrios 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Despite the detection of numerous interstellar complex organic molecules (iCOMs) for decades, it is still a matter of debate whether they are synthesized in the gas phase or on the icy surface of interstellar grains. In the past, molecular deuteration has been used to constrain the formation paths of small and abundant hydrogenated interstellar species. More recently, the deuteration degree of formamide, one of the most interesting iCOMs, has also been explained with the hypothesis that it is formed by the gas-phase reaction NH2 + H2CO. In this paper, we aim at using molecular deuteration to constrain the formation of another iCOM, glycolaldehyde, which is an important prebiotic species. More specifically, we have performed dedicated electronic structure and kinetic calculations to establish the glycolaldehyde deuteration degree in relation to that of ethanol, which is its possible parent species according to the suggestion of Skouteris et al. We found that the abundance ratio of the species containing one D atom over the all-protium counterpart depends on the produced D isotopomer and varies from 0.9 to 0.5. These theoretical predictions compare extremely well with the monodeuterated isotopomers of glycolaldehyde and that of ethanol measured toward the solar-like protostar IRAS 16293–2422, supporting the hypothesis that glycolaldehyde could be produced in the gas phase for this source. In addition, the present work confirms that the deuterium fractionation of iCOMs cannot be simply anticipated based on the deuterium fractionation of the parent species but necessitates a specific study, as already shown for the case of formamide.
Detection of the Extended γ-Ray Emission from the High Galactic Latitude Calvera’s SNR Candidate
Authors: Xin Yuliang , Guo Xiaolei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We report the extended GeV γ-ray emission that is spatially associated with the high Galactic latitude supernova remnant (SNR) candidate—Calvera’s SNR with the Pass 8 data recorded by the Fermi Large Area Telescope. The γ-ray spectrum of Calvera’s SNR between 100 MeV and 1 TeV shows an evident (∼3.4σ) spectral curvature at several tens of GeV. The multiwavelength data can be fitted with either a leptonic model or a hadronic one. However, the leptonic model exhibits inconsistency between the flat radio spectrum and the hard GeV γ-ray spectrum of Calvera’s SNR. For the hadronic model, the spectral index of protons should be harder than 1.6 and the total energy of protons is fitted to be more than one order of magnitude higher than the explosion energy of a typical supernova, which also challenges the hadronic model. The evident spectral curvature and the absence of nonthermal X-ray emission from Calvera’s SNR makes it to be an interesting source bridging young-aged SNRs with bright nonthermal X-ray emission and old-aged SNRs interacting with molecular clouds.
Observed Rate Variations in Superflaring G-type Stars
Authors: Crowley James , Wheatland Michael S. , Yang Kai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Flare occurrence on the Sun is highly variable, exhibiting both short-term variation due to the emergence and evolution of active regions, and long-term variation from the solar cycle. On solar-like stars, more energetic stellar flares (superflares) have been observed, and it is of interest to determine whether the observed rates of superflare occurrence exhibit similar variability to solar flares. We analyze 274 G-type stars using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and identify seven stars which exhibit statistically significant changes in the rate of superflare occurrence by fitting a piecewise constant-rate model with the Bayesian blocks algorithm. We investigate the properties of these stars and their flaring rates, and discuss the possible reasons for the low number of stars with detectable rate variation.
RELICS: A Strong-lens Model of SMACS J0723.3-7327*
Authors: Sharon Keren , Chen Mandy C. , Mahler Guillaume , Coe Dan ,   (RELICS: Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey)
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present the details of a strong-lens model of SMACS J0723.3-7327, which was made public as part of the data and high-level science products (HLSP) release of the RELICS Hubble Space Telescope (HST) treasury program (Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey; GO-14096, PI: Coe). The model products were made available on the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes via 10.17909/T9SP45 in 2017. Here, we provide the list of constraints that were used in the HST-based RELICS lens model, as well as other information related to our modeling choices, which were not published with the data and HLSP release. This model was computed with Lenstool, used a total of 25 multiple images of eight sources, with no spectroscopic redshifts. The image-plane rms was 0.″58.
Complicités françaises au Rwanda : mobilisations citoyennes et parades politiques
Authors: Borrel Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Cet article resitue le « rapport Duclert » dans l’histoire des mobilisations citoyennes pour la reconnaissance des responsabilités françaises dans le génocide des Tutsi et des parades politiques auxquelles ces mobilisations se sont heurtées. Si la commission Duclert a réussi à établir en deux ans une imposante synthèse, riche de milliers de références archivistiques, cet article montre que celle-ci ne produit pas de rupture sur le plan politique. Le rapport permet en effet au pouvoir français de refermer le débat, en prétendant l’avoir mené à son terme, sur le rôle de la France dans le génocide des Tutsi afin de mieux neutraliser des questionnements critiques.
Linking Viral DNA to Endosomal Innate Immune Recognition
Authors: Bachmann Martin F , Speiser Daniel E 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This Pillars of Immunology article is a commentary on “Toll-like receptor 9-mediated recognition of herpes simplex virus-2 by plasmacytoid dendritic cells,” a pivotal article written by J. Lund, A. Sato, S. Akira, R. Medzhitov, and A. Iwasaki, and published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, in 2003. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20030162.
Assessment of Quality and the Utilization of the Dental Prosthesis and Their Impact on Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Shetty Mallika S. , Sarfaraz Hasan , Shenoy Kamalakanth K. 
Published: December 2022

Background and Aim:
Assessing patient satisfaction with dental prosthesis is usually difficult if the prosthesis does not fulfill the treatment need of the patient, and in most cases, the professionals' assessment of the prosthesis differs from the patients' perception of quality and treatment outcome. Patient satisfaction is important for the proper utilization of the prosthesis which helps improve the patients' overall quality of life and that remains the professionals' ultimate goal. The aim of this study was to assess the quality and utilization of dental prostheses and their impact on patient satisfaction.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1312 participants aged 18 years and above using a house-to-house approach among the rural population of Mangalore taluk. The study involved the completion of a predesigned and structured pro forma based on the WHO oral health assessment form. Evaluation of the prosthesis, and its quality was done by the professional. Fisher's exact test and odds ratio were conducted to find the significance of variables. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
It was found that the retention and chewing efficiency of the complete denture had a positive comparison that was statistically significant. The retention of the partial denture wearers had a positive correlation between the patient perception and the professional assessment. In fixed partial dentures candidates, there was a statistically significant comparison between their perception and professionals' assessment with regard to hygiene and periodontal health.

Conclusion:
Most of the completely edentulous patients residing in the rural population of Mangalore taluk are quite satisfied with their prosthesis, whereas the professional assessment revealed that the older denture lacked retention, occlusion, and hygiene.
Square roots of weighted shifts of multiplicity two
Authors: Kottegoda Chanaka , Le Trieu , Rodriguez Tomas Miguel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGiven a weighted shift T of multiplicity two, we study the set
$\sqrt {T}$
of all square roots of T. We determine necessary and sufficient conditions on the weight sequence so that this set is non-empty. We show that when such conditions are satisfied,
$\sqrt {T}$
contains a certain special class of operators. We also obtain a complete description of all operators in
$\sqrt {T}$
.