bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulatory effects of umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on CD4+ T cells in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Ma Dan , Wu Zewen , Zhao Xingxing , Zhu Xueqing , An Qi , Wang Yajing , Zhao Jingwen , Su Yazhen , Yang Baoqi , Xu Ke , Zhang Liyun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of exocrine glands and multisystem lesions. Abnormal proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of CD4+ T cells are key factors in the pathogenesis of pSS. Autophagy is one of the important mechanisms to maintain immune homeostasis and function of CD4+ T cells. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (UCMSC-Exos) may simulate the immunoregulation of MSCs while avoiding the risks of MSCs treatment. However, whether UCMSC-Exos can regulate the functions of CD4+ T cells in pSS, and whether the effects via the autophagy pathway remains unclear.

Methods
The study analyzed retrospectively the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in pSS patients, and explored the relationship between lymphocyte subsets and disease activity. Next, peripheral blood CD4+ T cells were sorted using immunomagnetic beads. The proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and inflammatory factors of CD4+ T cells were determined using flow cytometry. Autophagosomes of CD4+ T cells were detected using transmission electron microscopy, autophagy-related proteins and genes were detected using western blotting or RT-qPCR.

Results
The study demonstrated that the peripheral blood CD4+ T cells decreased in pSS patients, and negatively correlated with disease activity. UCMSC-Exos inhibited excessive proliferation and apoptosis of CD4+ T cells in pSS patients, blocked them in the G0/G1 phase, inhibited them from entering the S phase, reduced the Th17 cell ratio, elevated the Treg ratio, inhibited IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-17F secretion, and promoted IL-10 and TGF-β secretion. UCMSC-Exos reduced the elevated autophagy levels in the peripheral blood CD4+ T cells of patients with pSS. Furthermore, UCMSC-Exos regulated CD4+ T cell proliferation and early apoptosis, inhibited Th17 cell differentiation, promoted Treg cell differentiation, and restored the Th17/Treg balance in pSS patients through the autophagy pathway.

Conclusions
The study indicated that UCMSC-Exos exerts an immunomodulatory effect on the CD4+ T cells, and maybe as a new treatment for pSS.
Intersection density of cubic symmetric graphs
Authors: Kutnar Klavdija , Marušič Dragan , Pujol Cyril 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTwo elements g, h of a permutation group G acting on a set V are said to be intersecting if $$g(v) = h(v)$$

g
(
v
)
=
h
(
v
)

for some $$v \in V$$

v
∈
V

. More generally, a subset $$\mathcal {F}$$
F
of G is an intersecting set if every pair of elements of $$\mathcal {F}$$
F
is intersecting. The intersection density $$\rho (G)$$

ρ
(
G
)

of a transitive permutation group G is the maximum value of the quotient $$|\mathcal {F}|/|G_v|$$

|
F
|
/
|

G
v

|

where $$\mathcal {F}$$
F
runs over all intersecting sets in G and $$G_v$$

G
v

is the stabilizer of $$v \in V$$

v
∈
V

. A vertex-transitive graph X is intersection density stable if any two transitive subgroups of $${\textrm{Aut}}\,(X)$$

Aut

(
X
)

have the same intersection density. This paper studies the above concepts in the context of cubic symmetric graphs. While a 1-regular cubic symmetric graph is necessarily intersection density stable, the situation for 2-arc-regular cubic symmetric graphs is more complex. A necessary condition for a 2-arc-regular cubic symmetric graph admitting a 1-arc-regular subgroup of automorphisms to be intersection density stable is given, and an infinite family of such graphs is constructed.
Women’s Inheritance Rights and Child Health Outcomes in Kenya
Authors: Ajefu Joseph , Uchenna Efobi , Singh Nadia , Ali Shayequa Zeenat 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent years, many developing countries implemented inheritance rights reforms, aimed at abolishing any forms of gender discrimination in the arena of property rights. A few studies examine the interrelationship between inheritance rights reform and qualitative indicators of women’s well-being in terms of bargaining power at the household level, exposure to domestic violence, health outcomes and participation in labour markets. However, quantitative evidence on the second-generation effects of these inheritance reforms, in terms of influencing health and well-being outcomes of the children born to beneficiary women is scant, particularly in the context of sub-Saharan Africa. This paper examines the effects of a statutory law reform that grants Kenyan women equal inheritance rights on children’s health outcomes using a difference-in-differences framework. Using the Kenyan Demographic and Health Surveys, this study exploits variation in the timing of the 1981 reform and the 1990 amendments as well as differences in religious affiliation to estimate the effect of the reform on child health outcomes. This study finds that exposure to the inheritance rights reform is associated with a decline in poor health outcomes in children. We identify potential channels through which changes in inheritance rights law can affect children’s outcome to include women’s human capital, marital matching, intra-household bargaining, and women’s labour supply.
Men. Male-biased sex ratios and masculinity norms: evidence from Australia’s colonial past
Authors: Baranov Victoria , De Haas Ralph , Grosjean Pauline 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe document the historical roots and contemporary consequences of masculinity norms—beliefs about the proper conduct of men. We exploit a natural experiment in which convict transportation in the $$18^{\textrm{th}}$$

18

th

and $$19^{\textrm{th}}$$

19

th

centuries created a variegated spatial pattern of sex ratios across Australia. We show that in areas with heavily male-biased convict populations, relatively more men volunteered for World War I about a century later. Even at present these areas remain characterized by more violence, higher rates of male suicide and other forms of preventable male mortality, and more male-stereotypical occupational segregation. Moreover, in these historically male-biased areas, more Australians recently voted against same-sex marriage and boys—but not girls—are more likely to be bullied in school. We interpret these results as manifestations of masculinity norms that emerged due to intense local male-male competition. Once established, masculinity norms persisted over time through family socialization as well as peer socialization in schools.
Ethically Driven and Methodologically Tailored: Setting the Agenda for Systematic Reviews in Domestic Violence and Abuse
Authors: Schucan Bird Karen , Stokes Nicola , Tomlinson Martha , Rivas Carol 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Systematic reviews have an important, and growing, role to play in the global evidence eco-system of domestic violence and abuse. Alongside substantive contributions to knowledge, such reviews stimulate debates about ethical reviewing practices and the importance of tailoring methods to the nuances of the field. This paper aims to pinpoint a set of ethical and methodological priorities to guide and enhance review practices specifically in the field of domestic abuse.

Method
The five Pillars of the Research Integrity Framework (ethical guidelines for domestic abuse research) are used to interrogate the systematic review process. To do so, the Framework is retrospectively applied to a recently completed systematic review in domestic abuse. The review included a rapid systematic map and in-depth analysis of interventions aimed at creating or enhancing informal support and social networks for victim-survivors of abuse.

Results
Ethical and methodological priorities for systematic reviews in domestic abuse include (1) Safety and wellbeing: maintaining the wellbeing of researchers and stakeholders, and appraising the ethics of included studies, (2) Transparency/ accountability: transparent reporting of research funding, aims and methods together with explicit consideration of authorship of outputs, (3) Equality, human rights and social justice: developing diverse review teams/ Advisory groups, and review methods that aim to search for, and report, diverse perspectives. Considering researcher positionality/ reflexivity in the review, (4) Engagement: collaboration with non-academic stakeholders and individuals with lived experience throughout the review process, (5) Research Ethics: independent ethical scrutiny of systematic review proposals with input from researchers with expertise in systematic reviews and domestic abuse.

Conclusion
Additional research is required to comprehensively examine the ethics of each stage of the review process. In the meantime, attention should be given to the underpinning ethical framework for our systematic review practices and the wider research infrastructure that governs reviews.
Conceptualizations of Happiness and Vegetarianism: Empirical Evidence from University Students in Spain
Authors: Krizanova Jana , Guardiola Jorge 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVegetarianism improves human and planetary health in addition to animal welfare. Motivations for meat-reduced diets include health-related and ethical reasons, with the latter being the main driver for eschewing meat. However, evidence on vegetarian happiness is inconclusive and the results reported are mixed. This constitutes a challenge for policy aiming to encourage people to shift toward plant-based diets. In this research, we aim to provide some evidence on this question: to what extent is there a link between the different moral codes related to ideas of happiness and vegetarianism? To do so, we apply the happiness moral codes from the Conceptual Referent Theory, and assess vegetarianism from the perspective of the psychological aspect of vegetarian identity (flexitarian, pescatarian, lacto-ovo vegetarian, and vegan) and dietary behavior (vegetarian self-assessment scale). Analyzing a sample of university students in Spain, we discover that some happiness constructs (tranquility, fulfilment, and virtue) are positively related to vegetarianism while others are inversely related (enjoyment and stoicism). In terms of policy implications, we find that ethical grounds one holds on happiness in relation to vegetarianism may play a role in fostering or hindering plant-based lifestyles.
Graphical Abstract
Photothermal NDE of UD/Epoxy-Based Carbon Fibre Reinforced Laminates for Quantitative Porosity Analysis
Authors: Plasser Holger , Mayr Günther , Mayr Gernot , Zallinger Philipp , Plank Bernhard , Hendorfer Günther , Major Zoltân 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHigh strength and low density make epoxy-based CFRP a highly interesting construction material for the aerospace manufacturing industry. Porosity represents an unavoidable defect and significantly weakens strength values dominated by the matrix. To evaluate the quality of safety-relevant components, non-destructive evaluation and thus the characterization of porous structures is indispensable. Pulsed thermography represents a fast, large-area and non-contact testing method that enables efficient estimation of material parameters. In this work, the authors demonstrate the quantitative estimation of porosity by pulsed thermography on a multi-axial laminate fabricated from unidirectional Prepregs for the first time. The characteristic, extensive expansion of the pores in fiber direction, is addressed by the 3D microstructure characterization of Cone beam X-ray computed tomography data. Hence, the application of effective medium theories and thus the model based porosity estimation is enabled. After the investigation of the effect of pore expansion on the effective thermal diffusivity in 3D finite element simulations, the quantitative photothermal porosity estimation on a sample with a global volume porosity of $$\Phi =1.51\%$$

Φ
=
1.51
%

is demonstrated. The accuracy of this fast and non-contact method for porosity estimation with pulsed thermography ($$\Delta \Phi =0.63\%$$

Δ
Φ
=
0.63
%

) is comparable to the standard ultrasonic method. Consequently, an efficient estimation of porosity for large, complex shaped UD/Epoxy composite components is enabled.
Thermal conductivity of solid paraffins and several n-docosane compounds with graphite
Authors: Paul Andreas , Baumhögger Elmar , Dewerth Mats-Ole , Dindar Iman Hami , Sonnenrein Gerrit , Vrabec Jadran 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe technical importance of paraffins as phase change materials (PCM) in heat storage systems increases. Knowledge on the thermal conductivity of paraffins is necessary for the design and optimization of heat storage systems. However, for most paraffins solely the thermal conductivity of the liquid state has been sufficiently investigated. For the solid state, precise thermal conductivity data are only known for a few paraffins, while only generalized values are available for the remainder, some of which contradict each other. In this study, a measurement setup based on the modified guarded hot plate method is developed. It is used to investigate the thermal conductivity of several paraffines in the solid state, including pure n-docosane and its compounds with different types and concentrations of graphite. For n-docosane in the solid state, the thermal conductivity is determined to be 0.49 W m−1 K−1. A particle size of 200 μm with a spherical shape turns out to be optimal to increase the thermal conductivity. This allows the thermal conductivity of a compound with 10% graphite to increase by a factor of three compared to the pure paraffin. Furthermore, significant differences to thermal conductivity data from the literature are found.
Surgical strategies for intracranial meningioma in the molecular era
Authors: Dincer Alper , Morales-Valero Saul F. , Robert Stephanie M. , Tabor Joanna K. , O’Brien Joseph , Yalcin Kanat , Fulbright Robert K. , Erson-Omay Zeynep , Dunn Ian F. , Moliterno Jennifer 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Surgical resection has long been the treatment of choice for meningiomas and is considered curative in many cases. Indeed, the extent of resection (EOR) remains a significant factor in determining disease recurrence and outcome optimization for patients undergoing surgery. Although the Simpson Grading Scale continues to be widely accepted as the measure of EOR and is used to predict symptomatic recurrence, its utility is under increasing scrutiny. The influence of surgery in the definitive management of meningioma is being re-appraised considering the rapid evolution of our understanding of the biology of meningioma.

Discussion
Although historically considered “benign” lesions, meningioma natural history can vary greatly, behaving with unexpectedly high recurrence rates and growth which do not always behave in accordance with their WHO grade. Histologically confirmed WHO grade 1 tumors may demonstrate unexpected recurrence, malignant transformation, and aggressive behavior, underscoring the molecular complexity and heterogeneity.

Conclusion
As our understanding of the clinical predictive power of genomic and epigenomic factors matures, we here discuss the importance of surgical decision-making paradigms in the context of our rapidly evolving understanding of these molecular features.
Spatially estimating flooding depths from damage reports
Authors: Haselbach Liv , Adesina Mubarak , Muppavarapu Nayana , Wu Xing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is important that a sustainable community better prepare for and design mitigation processes for major flooding events, particularly as the climate is non-stationary. In recent years, there have been major storm events in the USA with record amounts of rainfall that some refer to as stalled storms. These stalled storms frequently result in flooding of urban areas which are not subject to riverine or storm surge flooding. This research focuses on using flood damage reports in conjunction with contour maps, geographical information systems, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data, photographs, and spatial averaging to develop total (high) flood elevation data sets for two neighborhoods for Tropical Storm Imelda in Beaumont, Texas. When various sources of data such as insurance or Federal Emergency Management Agency damage reports, updated LiDAR elevation sets, and coordination data are readily available, this may be an economical method of estimating maximum flood elevations. High-water marks are frequently collected by various agencies as soon as possible after a flooding event, but these data sets might provide even additional information and validation many months or years post an event.
Deeper insights into the density functional theory of structural, optical, and photoelectrical properties using 5-[(4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl) methylidene]-4-oxo (thioxo)-6-thioxo-2-sulfido-1, 3, 2-diazaphosphinanes
Authors: Halim Shimaa Abdel , Hamad Hesham , Ali Tarik E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe structure–activity relationship studied by DFT calculations and contacted with practical antimicrobial results for compounds 1–4 is discussed in detail. In light of this compounds 1–4 have been studied by using DFT/B3LYB/6-311++G (d,p) at the level of theory, the geometrical parameters, bond lengths and bond angles have been discussed. The results of quantum mechanical calculations showed that the presence of phosphorus and sulfur atoms changed the planarity of the parent compound 1 by the range from − 11 to 125°. The electronic parameter and dipole moment of these compounds in the ground state theoretically is analyzed by computing HOMO and LUMO pictures. Using frontier molecular orbital analysis, various spectroscopic and quantum chemical parameters are evaluated. Besides, absorption energies, oscillator strength, and electronic transitions of 1,3,2-diazaphosphinines 1–4 molecules have been derived at TD-DFT/CAM-B3LYP/6-311++G (d,p) computations utilizing, then the CAM-B3LYP method is “the Coulomb-attenuating method bases” set studied the electronic absorption spectra theoretically in the gas phase (TD-DFT) with the polarized split-valence 6-311++G (d, p) basis sets, in addition, the corrected linear response polarizable continuum model and measured experimentally in methanol and cyclohexane indicate a good agreement with the observed spectra (practically) in UV–Vis spectra. The molecular electrostatic potential surfaces plots have been computed to understand reactivity points.
The effects of exogenously applied antioxidants on plant growth and resilience
Authors: Rodrigues de Queiroz Aline , Hines Connor , Brown Jeremy , Sahay Seema , Vijayan Jithesh , Stone Julie M. , Bickford Nate , Wuellner Melissa , Glowacka Katarzyna , Buan Nicole R. , Roston Rebecca L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPlant growth and resilience require balancing an inherently oxidative metabolism with powerful antioxidant systems that help maintain homeostasis. When the environment changes, reactive oxygen species are potent indicators of that change, allowing adaptation through re-balancing metabolism and antioxidant systems. A large body of evidence supports the use of exogenously applied antioxidants to improve both plant growth and their resilience to stress. Notably, some phenotypic effects are similar upon the application of chemically diverse antioxidants, while others are distinct. In this review, we analyze research from antioxidant treatment experiments and highlight the similarities in their practical applications and their effects on plant stress tolerance, photosynthesis, native antioxidant systems, and phytohormones. We also briefly cover the specific effects of individually applied antioxidants and what is known about their potential modes of action. Given the strong potential of antioxidant applications, we discuss research needed to promote their agricultural use. Finally, we identify outstanding questions about how the exogenous application of antioxidants mechanistically affects plant growth.
Glycemic status and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in populations at risk of diabetes in two Latin American cities
Authors: Anillo Arrieta Luis A. , Flórez Lozano Karen C. , Tuesca Molina Rafael , Acosta Vergara Tania , Rodríguez Acosta Sandra , Aschner Pablo , Diaz Montes Yenifer , Nieto Castillo Julieth P. , Florez-Garcia Víctor Alfonso , Barengo Noël C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To estimate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) according to glycemic status, and its relationship with sociodemographic and clinical factors in a population at risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods
Cross-sectional study, using cluster sampling. Data were collected from 1135 participants over 30 years of age, at risk of developing T2D from the PREDICOL project. Participants' glycemic status was defined using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Participants were divided into normoglycemic subjects (NGT), prediabetes and diabetics do not know they have diabetes (UT2D). HRQOL was assessed using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire of the EuroQol group. Logistic regression and Tobit models were used to examine factors associated with EQ-5D scores for each glycemic group.

Results
The mean age of participants was 55.6 ± 12.1 years, 76.4% were female, and one in four participants had prediabetes or unknown diabetes. Participants reported problems most frequently on the dimensions of Pain/Discomfort and Anxiety/Depression in the different glycemic groups. The mean EQ-5D score in NGT was 0.80 (95% CI 0.79–0.81), in prediabetes, 0.81 (95% CI 0.79–0.83), and in participants with UT2D of 0.79 (95% CI 0.76–0.82), respectively. Female sex, older age, city of residence, lower education, receiving treatment for hypertension, and marital status were significantly associated with lower levels of HRQOL in the Tobit regression analysis.

Conclusions
HRQOL of NGT, prediabetes, and UT2D participants was statistically similar. However, factors such as gender, age. and place of residence were found to be significant predictors of HRQOL for each glycemic group.
A comparison of the Child Health Utility 9D and the Health Utilities Index for estimating health utilities in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Bashir Naazish S. , Walters Thomas D. , Griffiths Anne M. , Otley Anthony , Critch Jeff , Ungar Wendy J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeHealth utilities are challenging to ascertain in children and have not been studied in pediatric Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The objective was to assess discriminative validity by comparing utilities elicited using the Child Health Utility-9 Dimension (CHU9D) to the Health Utilities Index (HUI) across multiple disease activity scales in pediatric UC and CD.MethodsPreference-based instruments were administered to 188 children with CD and 83 children with UC aged 6 to 18 years. Utilities were calculated using CHU9D adult and youth tariffs, and HUI2 and HUI3 algorithms in children with inactive (quiescent) and active (mild, moderate, and severe) disease. Differences between instruments, tariff sets and disease activity categories and were tested statistically.ResultsIn CD and UC, all instruments detected significantly higher utilities for inactive compared to active disease (p < 0.05). Mean utilities for quiescent disease ranged from 0.810 (SD 0.169) to 0.916 (SD 0.121) in CD and from 0.766 (SD 0.208) to 0.871 (SD 0.186) in UC across instruments. Active disease mean utilities ranged from 0.694 (SD 0.212) to 0.837 (SD 0.168) in CD and from 0.654 (SD 0.226) to 0.800 (SD 0.128) in UC.ConclusionCHU9D and HUI discriminated between levels of disease activity in CD and UC regardless of the clinical scale used, with the CHU9D youth tariff most often displaying the lowest utilities for worse health states. Distinct utilities for different IBD disease activity states can be used in health state transition models evaluating the cost-effectiveness of treatments for pediatric CD and UC.