bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and feasibility of an Alzheimer's disease blood test study in a diverse community‐based population
Authors: Li Melody , Li Yan , Schindler Suzanne E. , Yen Daniel , Sutcliffe Siobhan , Babulal Ganesh M. , Benzinger Tammie L. S. , Lenze Eric J. , Bateman Randall J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAlzheimer's disease (AD) blood tests are likely to become increasingly important in clinical practice, but they need to be evaluated in diverse groups before use in the general population.METHODSThis study enrolled a community‐based sample of older adults in the St. Louis, Missouri, USA area. Participants completed a blood draw, Eight‐Item Informant Interview to Differentiate Aging and Dementia (AD8®), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and survey about their perceptions of the blood test. A subset of participants completed additional blood collection, amyloid positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR®).RESULTSOf the 859 participants enrolled in this ongoing study, 20.6% self‐identified as Black or African American. The AD8 and MoCA correlated moderately with the CDR. The blood test was well accepted by the cohort, but it was perceived more positively by White and highly educated individuals.DISCUSSIONStudying an AD blood test in a diverse population is feasible and may accelerate accurate diagnosis and implementation of effective treatments.Highlights
A diverse group of older adults was recruited to evaluate a blood amyloid test.
The enrollment rate was high and the blood test was well accepted by participants.
Cognitive impairment screens have moderate performance in a diverse population.
Alzheimer's disease blood tests are likely to be feasible for use in real‐world settings.
Longitudinal changes in metabolic network activity in early Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Perovnik Matej , Tang Chris C. , Namías Mauro , Eidelberg David ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
Published: May 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been linked to two metabolic networks, the AD‐related pattern (ADRP) and the default mode network (DMN).METHODSConverting and clinically stable cognitively normal subjects (n = 47) and individuals with mild cognitive impairment (n = 96) underwent 2‐[18F]fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) three or more times over 6 years (nscans = 705). Expression levels for ADRP and DMN were measured in each subject and time point, and the resulting changes were correlated with cognitive performance. The role of network expression in predicting conversion to dementia was also evaluated.RESULTSLongitudinal increases in ADRP expression were observed in converters, while age‐related DMN loss was seen in converters and nonconverters. Cognitive decline correlated with increases in ADRP and declines in DMN, but conversion to dementia was predicted only by baseline ADRP levels.DISCUSSIONThe results point to the potential utility of ADRP as an imaging biomarker of AD progression.
The Influence of Regiochemistry on the Performance of Organic Mixed Ionic and Electronic Conductors
Authors: Halaksa Roman , Kim Ji Hwan , Thorley Karl J. , Gilhooly‐Finn Peter A. , Ahn Hyungju , Savva Achilleas , Yoon Myung‐Han , Nielsen Christian B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThiophenes functionalised in the 3‐position are ubiquitous building blocks for the design and synthesis of organic semiconductors. Their non‐centrosymmetric nature has long been used as a powerful synthetic design tool exemplified by the vastly different properties of regiorandom and regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophene) owing to the repulsive head‐to‐head interactions between neighbouring side chains in the regiorandom polymer. The renewed interest in highly electron‐rich 3‐alkoxythiophene based polymers for bioelectronic applications opens up new considerations around the regiochemistry of these systems as both the head‐to‐tail and head‐to‐head couplings adopt near‐planar conformations due to attractive intramolecular S−O interactions. To understand how this increased flexibility in the molecular design can be used advantageously, we explore in detail the geometrical and electronic effects that influence the optical, electrochemical, structural, and electrical properties of a series of six polythiophene derivatives with varying regiochemistry and comonomer composition. We show how the interplay between conformational disorder, backbone coplanarity and polaron distribution affects the mixed ionic‐electronic conduction. Ultimately, we use these findings to identify a new conformationally restricted polythiophene derivative for p‐type accumulation‐mode organic electrochemical transistor applications with performance on par with state‐of‐the‐art mixed conductors evidenced by a μC* product of 267 F V−1 cm−1 s−1.
A General Autofluorescence Method to Characterize Polymerization Progress
Authors: López Pía A. , Pham Vy H. B. , Blum Suzanne A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn autofluorescence technique to characterize polymerization progress in real time/in line was developed, which functioned in the absence of typical fluorogenic groups on the monomer or polymer. The monomer dicyclopentadiene and polymer polydicyclopentadiene are hydrocarbons that lack traditional functional groups for fluorescence spectroscopy. Here, the autofluorescence of formulations containing this monomer and polymer during ruthenium‐catalyzed ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) was harnessed for reaction monitoring. The methods fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and here‐developed fluorescencelifetimerecovery after photobleaching (FLRAP) characterized polymerization progress in these native systems—without requiring exogenous fluorophore. (Auto)fluorescence lifetime recovery changes during polymerization correlated linearly to degree of cure, providing a quantitative link with reaction progress. These changing signals also provided relative rates of background polymerization, enabling comparison of 10 different catalyst‐inhibitor‐stabilized formulations. Multiple‐well analysis demonstrated suitability for future high‐throughput evaluation of formulations for thermosets. The central concept of the combined autofluorescence and FLRAP/FRAP method may be extendable to monitoring other polymerization reactions previously overlooked for lack of an obvious fluorescence handle.
Goldkatalysierte formale [4+2]‐Cycloaddition als Zugang zu antitumoraktiven spirozyklischen Oxindolen aus Alkinen und von Isatin abgeleiteten Ketiminen
Authors: Liu Yaowen , Dietl Martin C. , Heckershoff Robin , Han Chunyu , Shi Hongwei , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Caligiuri Isabella , Asif Kanwal , Adeel Muhammad , Scattolin Thomas , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAufgrund seines hervorragenden Bioaktivitätsprofils, das zunehmend in der pharmazeutischen und synthetischen Chemie genutzt wird, ist Spirooxindol ein wichtiger Grundbaustein. Wir beschreiben hier eine effiziente Methode zum Aufbau hochfunktionalisierter neuer Spirooxindolocarbamate über eine Gold‐katalysierte Cycloadditionsreaktion von terminalen Alkinen oder Inamiden mit von Isatin abgeleiteten Ketiminen. Dieses Protokoll weist eine gute Kompatibilität mit funktionellen Gruppen auf, verwendet leicht verfügbare Ausgangsstoffe, milde Reaktionsbedingungen, geringe Katalysatorbeladungen und keine Additive. Es ermöglicht die Umwandlung verschiedener funktionalisierter Alkingruppen in zyklische Carbamate. Es gelang eine Synthese im Grammmaßstab und DFT‐Berechnungen bestätigen die Machbarkeit des mechanistischen Ansatzes. Einige der Zielprodukte zeigen eine gute bis ausgezeichnete antiproliferative Aktivität auf menschlichen Tumorzelllinien. Darüber hinaus zeigte eine der aktivsten Verbindungen eine bemerkenswerte Selektivität für Tumorzellen gegenüber normalen Zellen.
Ex situ Generation of Thiazyl Trifluoride (NSF3) as a Gaseous SuFEx Hub**
Authors: Li Bing‐Yu , Su Kexin , Van Meervelt Luc , Verhelst Steven H. L. , Ismalaj Ermal , De Borggraeve Wim M. , Demaerel Joachim 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSulfur(VI)‐fluoride exchange (SuFEx) chemistry, an all‐encompassing term for substitution events that replace fluoride at an electrophilic sulfur(VI), enables the rapid and flexible assembly of linkages around a SVI core. Although a myriad of nucleophiles and applications works very well with the SuFEx concept, the electrophile design has remained largely SO2‐based. Here, we introduce S≡N‐based fluorosulfur(VI) reagents to the realm of SuFEx chemistry. Thiazyl trifluoride (NSF3) gas is shown to serve as an excellent parent compound and SuFEx hub to efficiently synthesize mono‐ and disubstituted fluorothiazynes in an ex situ generation workflow. Gaseous NSF3 was evolved from commercial reagents in a nearly quantitative fashion at ambient conditions. Moreover, the mono‐substituted thiazynes could be extended further as SuFEx handles and be engaged in the synthesis of unsymmetrically disubstituted thiazynes. These results provide valuable insights into the versatility of these understudied sulfur functionalities paving the way for future applications.
Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling of ORM‐10921 and its analogs as α2C‐adrenoceptor antagonists
Authors: Ma Qiaoning , Zhu Lingxuan , Zhang Zhe , Xiong Ying , Li Yan , Lei Xinsheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe α2C‐adrenoceptor (α2C‐AR) is regarded as one of the potential targets for antipsychotics. A few of structurally diverse α2C‐AR antagonists have been reported, among which ORM‐10921, containing one rigid tetracyclic framework with two neighboring chiral centers, has exhibited remarkable antipsychotic‐like effects and pro‐cognitive properties in different animal models. Yet the binding mode of ORM‐10921 remains elusive. In this study, all of its four stereoisomers and a set of its analogs were synthesized and in vitro evaluated for their α2C‐AR antagonist activities. The molecular docking study and hydration site analysis gave a rational explanation for the biological results, which might provide helpful insights into the binding mode and future optimization.
Magnetically Cured Macroradical Epoxy as Antimicrobial Coating
Authors: Capricho Jaworski C. , Liao Tzu‐Ying , Chai Boon Xian , Al‐Qatatsheh Ahmed , Vongsvivut Jitraporn (Pimm) , Kingshott Peter , Juodkazis Saulius , Fox Bronwyn Louise , Hameed Nishar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe radical‐bearing epoxy monomer could be the ideal embodiment of multifunctionality in epoxy‐based materials. This study demonstrates the potential of macroradical epoxies as surface coating materials. A diepoxide monomer derivatized with a stable nitroxide radical is polymerized with a diamine hardener under the influence of a magnetic field. The magnetically oriented and stable radicals in the polymer backbone render the coatings antimicrobial. The unconventional use of magnets during polymerization proved crucial in correlating the structure‐property relationships with antimicrobial performance inferred from oscillatory rheological technique, polarized macro‐attenuated total reflectance – infrared (macro‐ATR‐IR) spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The magnetic thermal curing influenced the surface morphology, resulting in a synergy of the coating's radical nature with microbiostatic performance assessed using the Kirby‐Bauer test and liquid chromatography – mass spectroscopy (LC–MS). Further, the magnetic curing of blends with a traditional epoxy monomer demonstrates that radical alignment is more critical than radical density in imparting biocidal behavior. This study shows how the systematic use of magnets during polymerization could pave for probing more significant insights into the mechanism of antimicrobial action in radical‐bearing polymers.
Secondary Structure‐Dependent Charge Transport in iLOV Protein Junctions
Authors: Liang Han , Li Liangliang , Fei Houguo , Zhang Yongkang , Qi Pan , Su Liwen , Zhang Yu , Guo Cunlan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe composition and structure of proteins are crucial for charge migration in the solid‐state charge transport (CTp). Despite much progress, it is still challenging to explore the relationship between conformational change and CTp in the complex protein system. Herein, we design three improved light‐oxygen‐voltage (iLOV) domains, and efficiently regulate the CTp of the iLOV self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) by pH induced conformation variation. The current density can be controlled in the range of one order of magnitude. Interestingly, the CTp of iLOV displays negative linear relations with the β‐sheet contents. Single‐level Landauer fitting and transition voltage spectroscopy analysis suggest that β‐sheet‐dependent CTp would be related to the coupling between iLOV and electrodes. This work proposes a new strategy to explore the CTp in complex molecular system. Our findings deepen the understanding on protein structure‐CTp relationship, and provide predictive mode of protein CTp responses for the design of functional bioelectronics.
Nitrogen‐rich Graphite Flake from Hemp as Anode Material for High Performance Lithium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Peng‐Fei , Sui Bin‐Bin , Sha Lin , Gong Zhe , Zhang Yu‐Hang , Wu Yu‐Han , Zhao Li‐Na , Shi Fa‐Nian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiomass‐derived carbon (BC) has attracted extensive attention as anode material for lithium ion batteries (LiBs) due to its natural hierarchical porous structure and rich heteroatoms that can adsorb Li+. However, the specific surface area of pure biomass carbon is generally small, so we can help NH3 and inorganic acid produced by urea decomposition to strip biomass, improve its specific surface area and enrich nitrogen elements. The nitrogen‐rich graphite flake obtained by the above treatment of hemp is named NGF. The product that has a high nitrogen content of 10.12% has a high specific surface area of 1151.1 m2 g−1. In the lithium ion battery test, the capacity of NGF is 806.6 mAh g−1 at 30 mA g−1, which is twice than that of BC. NGF also showed excellent performance that is 429.2 mAh g−1 under high current testing at 2000 mA g−1. The reaction process kinetics is analyzed and we found that the outstanding rate performance is attributed to the large‐scale capacitance control. In addition, the results of the constant current intermittent titration test indicate that the diffusion coefficient of NGF is greater than that of BC. This work proposes a simple method of nitrogen‐rich activated carbon, which has a significantly commercial prospect.
Discussion of specifying prior distributions in reliability applications
Authors: Kulathinal Sangita 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTian et al. have reviewed and discussed various noninformative or weakly informative priors when reliability data are modeled using the log‐location‐scale family of distributions. They have compared these priors to partially informative priors, which are also called modified Jeffreys' priors in the literature. The authors recommend adaptations to Bayesian methods when analyzing reliability data with a small number of failures. Does a chosen Bayesian computation method play a role in the inference? Can a Bayesian model, without an informative prior, really solve the inference problem which is due to a lack of information provided by the data? How should a practitioner describe formal decisions based on the chosen Bayesian model (a likelihood as well as a prior)? Can one translate available information into an appropriate parameter space and a prior distribution on it, independent of the type of censoring? In this commentary, we put forward such questions and concerns that deserve a discussion, from a practitioner's point of view.
Actively cross‐linking hemostatic sealant enables rapid hemostasis and wound closure
Authors: Lee Jaewook , Cho Hye Min , Lee Yoo Eun , Kim Yeonjeong , Park Kyung Min , Hwang Byeong Hee 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA rapid hemostatic sealant can save a patient's life from shock and death due to severe trauma or excessive bleeding from the wound site during surgery. However, an ideal hemostatic sealant needs to meet the standards of safety, efficacy, usability, cost, and approvability and overcome new challenges. Here, we devised a combinatorial hemostatic sealant of PEG succinimidyl glutarate‐based cross‐linking branched polymers (CBPs) and the active hemostatic peptide (AHP). After ex vivo optimization, the best hemostatic combination was called an active cross‐linking hemostatic sealant (ACHS). Interestingly, ACHS formed cross‐links with serum proteins, blood cells, and tissue and interconnected coating on blood cells, which might induce hemostasis and tissue adhesion based on SEM images. Moreover, ACHS showed the highest coagulation efficacy, formation, and agglomeration of thrombi within 12 s, and in vitro biocompatibility. Mouse model experiments represented rapid hemostasis within 1 min, wound closure of the liver incision, and less bleeding than the commercialized sealant with tissue biocompatibility. ACHS has the advantages of rapid hemostasis, mild sealant, and easy supply by chemical synthesis without inhibition by anticoagulants, which might minimize bacterial infection by immediate wound closure. Therefore, ACHS could become a new‐type hemostatic sealant to match surgical needs for internal bleeding.
Education 4.0 in higher education and computer science: A systematic review
Authors: Rienties Bart , Ferguson Rebecca , Gonda Dalibor , Hajdin Goran , Herodotou Christothea , Iniesto Francisco , Llorens Garcia Ariadna , Muccini Henry , Sargent Julia , Virkus Sirje , Isidori Maria Vittoria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEducation 4.0 is a recently introduced concept focused on innovation, novelty, use of technology and connections with employment and industry. In particular, in engineering disciplines like computer science (CS) it is essential that educators keep up to date with industry developments. Indeed, how CS educators effectively design and implement innovative teaching and learning deserves more systematic attention. This study aims to catalogue and synthesise learning design approaches to teaching and learning within CS: (1) Which innovative pedagogic approaches are used in teaching of CS? (2) Which approaches align with Education 4.0? (3) What skills and competences do educators require to align CS teaching with Education 4.0? Our systematic literature review (SLR) included CS papers published between 2016 and 2020. Two hundred and thirty‐one studies were identified of which 66 were included in the final phase, which were coded by a multidisciplinary team. The findings indicated that many CS educators included Education 4.0 learning design elements. We found a clear distinctive three‐cluster solution: (1) EDU4 light, (2) project‐based/hands‐on learning and (3) full EDU4 (refer to Reference [7] conceptualisation, while Education 4.0 refers to our own definition [Reference 71]. These findings suggest three broad flavours when designing innovative CS practices, which might help educators align their practice.
Structural Diversity, Spectral Data, and Pharmacological Effects of Genus Nigella
Authors: Luan Nguyen Thanh , Anam Aqsa , Hofdey Megbes Farah , Mourad Mohammed Ibrahim , Abed Ahmed S. , Imran Mallhi Ali , Abdullateef Alzubaidi Mazin , Ali Amir Ahmed , Ayub Asif , Arshad Muhammad , Rauf Abdul , Ha Pham Thi Hai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNigella is one of the most studied plants because of its pharmacological properties like anti‐parasitic, anti‐inflammatory, neuro‐protective, hepatoprotective, and anti‐cancerous. In this study, about 20 species of the genus Nigella were reviewed and among them, N. damascene, N. glandulifera, and N. sativa are widely studied for their phytochemical and pharmacological effects. This review describes the phytochemical composition of the genus Nigella, which constitutes many of the compounds including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids. The extracts produced by using different solvents and the isolated compounds displayed a wide range of biological activity. These compounds were identified by different spectral techniques. The spectral detail of some advanced techniques including EIS‐MS, UV/VIS, IR, 13C‐NMR, and 1H‐NMR of some important phytoconstituents of Nigella spp. has been compiled for the first time in this review which will be helpful to explore and further investigate the chemical composition of this genus.
Recurrent infection and embolism following tricuspid valve repair for infective endocarditis in an intravenous drug user: A clinical dilemma
Authors: Ahmed Yasir , Poon Shi Sum , Aslam Umair , Kumar Pankaj 
Published: May 2023

AbstractManagement of infective endocarditis (IE) in intravenous drug users (IVDUs) can be challenging due to risk of reinfection following surgery. Although complex repair techniques that can be utilized to reconstruct the tricuspid valve after extensive debridement, treatment of active IVDU is incomplete without effective post‐operative harm reduction intervention program.
A rare case of a toddler with unilateral cryptorchidism‐related cranial suspensory ligament remnant
Authors: Nakajima Hideaki , Suda Kazuto , Arakawa Atsushi , Yanai Toshihiro 
Published: May 2023

Key clinical messageSeveral animal experiment studies have shown that insufficient testicular descent to the scrotum can be caused by persistence of cranial suspensory ligament (CSL). We report a case of right cryptorchidism in a male toddler surgically treated with an orchidopexy possibly associated with CSL persistence based on intraoperative and pathological findings. This case would be a precious source to further investigate the etiopathogenesis of cryptorchidism.AbstractThe CSL anchors embryonic gonads to the dorsal abdominal wall during antenatal mammalian development. Although its persistence appears to cause cryptorchidism in animal models, it has never been proven in humans. A 1‐year‐old boy with right cryptorchidism underwent right orchidopexy. Intraoperatively, a band‐like structure running from the right testis into the retroperitoneum and up to the right side of the liver was noticed and resected. The pathological findings of the specimen showed fibrous connective tissues, smooth muscles, and blood vessels but no tissues suggestive of a testis, a spermatic cord, an epididymis, or liver. Immunohistochemical analysis for an androgen receptor antibody did not detect any signal in the specimen. The right cryptorchidism in this case was possibly caused by CSL persistence, which is the first such human case, to our knowledge.
Endovascular stenting of an HVAD™ outflow graft pseudoaneurysm that exerts compression and kinking stenosis on the soft portion of the prosthesis
Authors: Elbayomi Mohamed , Weyand Michael , Uder Michael , May Matthias S. , Steger Katrin , Roth Jan‐Peter , Tandler Rene 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageComplex presentations of MCS patients may necessitate a multidisciplinary approach involving HF cardiologists, CT surgeons, advanced cardiac imagers, and interventional cardiologists in order to define the optimal management strategy.AbstractLeft ventricle assist devices (LVADs) provide life‐sustaining treatment for patients with terminal heart failure, but their intricacy allows for complications. One complication is LVAD outflow graft obstruction due to the graft's intraluminal thrombus or extraluminal compression. It may be treated endovascularly with stenting. We report an endovascular stenting of an outflow tract in HVAD™ (HeartWare Inc.) due to a pseudoaneurysm causing compression and kinking stenosis.