bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Metonymy EUrope as a Means of Legitimizing Nations in the Western Balkans
Authors: Salamurović Aleksandra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the metonymic use of the lexeme Europe and country name in Montenegro and North Macedonia with the aim of investigating their co-occurrences in discursive-linguistic realizations of the concept of Nationin both countries. The analysis is based on a corpus consisting of political speeches, election slogans, and media texts (both newspaper and social media) that cover the period from 2006 in Montenegro and 2011 in North Macedonia, respectively. Discourse Space Theory (Chilton 2004, 2014) and Proximization Theory (Cap 2009, 2013, 2017) provide a theoretical framework against which the legitimization of particular conceptualizations and framing are disclosed. The analysis shows that although EUropeis largely used for specific national (re)identification in both Western Balkans countries, these discourses are characterized by a complex legitimization: On the temporal and spatial axis, EUropeis constructed as a distant Other (e.g., “European integration,” “our European path”, “European future”), while on the axiological axis, as a symbolic part of the Self (e.g., “European face of Montenegro”, “vote for a European Macedonia”). This divergent legitimation can be seen both as discursive and linguistic handling of the protracted EU rapprochement processes and as a management tool for inner divisions in both countries along the lines of civic versus ethnic-national identification.
Rechtliche Konkretisierung
Authors: Samhammer David , Beck Susanne , Budde Klemens , Burchardt Aljoscha , Faber Michelle , Gerndt Simon , Möller Sebastian , Osmanodja Bilgin , Roller Roland , Dabrock Peter 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungUnter Einbezug der vorher dargestellten empirischen Ergebnisse und der ethischen Auseinandersetzung wird nun ein rechtlicher Rahmen für den Einsatz Künstlicher Intelligenz in der Klinik diskutiert. Dieser gliedert sich in verschiedene Akteursperspektiven und hat zum Ziel, beim Einsatz von KI-Systemen eine bedeutsame menschliche Kontrolle zu ermöglichen.
In vivo secondary structural analysis of Influenza A virus genomic RNA
Authors: Mirska Barbara , Woźniak Tomasz , Lorent Dagny , Ruszkowska Agnieszka , Peterson Jake M. , Moss Walter N. , Mathews David H. , Kierzek Ryszard , Kierzek Elzbieta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInfluenza A virus (IAV) is a respiratory virus that causes epidemics and pandemics. Knowledge of IAV RNA secondary structure in vivo is crucial for a better understanding of virus biology. Moreover, it is a fundament for the development of new RNA-targeting antivirals. Chemical RNA mapping using selective 2’-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE) coupled with Mutational Profiling (MaP) allows for the thorough examination of secondary structures in low-abundance RNAs in their biological context. So far, the method has been used for analyzing the RNA secondary structures of several viruses including SARS-CoV-2 in virio and in cellulo. Here, we used SHAPE-MaP and dimethyl sulfate mutational profiling with sequencing (DMS-MaPseq) for genome-wide secondary structure analysis of viral RNA (vRNA) of the pandemic influenza A/California/04/2009 (H1N1) strain in both in virio and in cellulo environments. Experimental data allowed the prediction of the secondary structures of all eight vRNA segments in virio and, for the first time, the structures of vRNA5, 7, and 8 in cellulo. We conducted a comprehensive structural analysis of the proposed vRNA structures to reveal the motifs predicted with the highest accuracy. We also performed a base-pairs conservation analysis of the predicted vRNA structures and revealed many highly conserved vRNA motifs among the IAVs. The structural motifs presented herein are potential candidates for new IAV antiviral strategies.
Questions About Extreme Points
Authors: Dyakonov Konstantin M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe discuss the geometry of the unit ball—specifically, the structure of its extreme points (if any)—in subspaces of$$L^1$$L1and$$L^\infty $$L∞on the circle that are formed by functions with prescribed spectral gaps. A similar issue is considered for kernels of Toeplitz operators in$$H^\infty $$H∞.
The Virtual Face of Colon and Rectal Surgery Training in the USA: An In‐Depth Evaluation and Analysis of Fellowship Programs Website Content
Authors: Farhan Syed Ali , Hayat Javeria , Daniyal Muhammad , Ahmed Syeda Hoorulain , Karimuddin Ahmer Azhar , Khosa Faisal 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith an ever‐evolving digital and virtual world hastened by the COVID‐19 pandemic, prospective colon and rectal surgery fellowship applicants must rely on online sources of information, such as websites, rather than in‐person visits to fellowship programs. This study analyzes and evaluates the content and accuracy of colon and rectal surgery fellowship program websites.MethodsThe Fellowship and Residency Electronic and Interactive Database website provides a complete collection of colon and rectal surgery fellowship websites based in the USA. The accessibility of the websites was verified via Google search, and relevant content for the applicants was evaluated based on 50‐point criteria.ResultsAnalysis of 60 fellowship program websites was conducted, out of which only a fifth (20%) were kept up to date. Twenty‐seven (45%) websites fulfilled 50% of the 50‐point criteria. The most and least included data points were program overview (69%) and residential/housing information (24%). Most websites contained basic information relevant to international applicants but lacked crucial information such as visa sponsorship (12%) and city information (23%).ConclusionAn informative and easily accessible website is essential for prospective applicants to choose the best program for their career goals and academic needs. This study highlighted multiple areas for potential improvement in the colon and rectal surgery program websites. Individual colon and rectal surgery programs may benefit and attract more candidates to their programs through a fully optimized website design and content.
Philadelphia-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia: the journey from molecular background to the role of bone marrow transplant—review article
Authors: Alghandour Reham , Sakr Doaa H. , Shaaban Yasmin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhiladelphia chromosome-like (Ph-like) ALL is a recent subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Although it does not express the BCR-ABL fusion gene, it has a behavior like true BCR/ABL1–positive cases. This subtype harbors different molecular alterations most commonly CRLF2 rearrangements. Most cases of Ph-like ALL are associated with high white blood cell count, high minimal residual disease level after induction therapy, and high relapse rate. Efforts should be encouraged for early recognition of Ph-like ALL to enhance therapeutic strategies. Recently, many trials are investigating the possibility of adding the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) to chemotherapy to improve clinical outcomes. The role and best timing of allogeneic bone marrow transplant in those cases are still unclear. Precision medicine should be implemented in the treatment of such cases. Here in this review, we summarize the available data on Ph-like ALL
Comparison of arterial wall models in fluid–structure interaction simulations
Authors: Balzani D. , Heinlein A. , Klawonn A. , Rheinbach O. , Schröder J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMonolithic fluid–structure interaction (FSI) of blood flow with arterial walls is considered, making use of sophisticated nonlinear wall models. These incorporate the effects of almost incompressibility as well as of the anisotropy caused by embedded collagen fibers. In the literature, relatively simple structural models such as Neo-Hooke are often considered for FSI with arterial walls. Such models lack, both, anisotropy and incompressibility. In this paper, numerical simulations of idealized heart beats in a curved benchmark geometry, using simple and sophisticated arterial wall models, are compared: we consider three different almost incompressible, anisotropic arterial wall models as a reference and, for comparison, a simple, isotropic Neo-Hooke model using four different parameter sets. The simulations show significant quantitative and qualitative differences in the stresses and displacements as well as the lumen cross sections. For the Neo-Hooke models, a significantly larger amplitude in the in- and outflow areas during the heart beat is observed, presumably due to the lack of fiber stiffening. For completeness, we also consider a linear elastic wall using 16 different parameter sets. However, using our benchmark setup, we were not successful in achieving good agreement with our nonlinear reference calculation.
Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome and SARS-CoV-2 infection in an adolescent: just a coincidence in time?
Authors: García-Fernández Sonia , Fernández-Morán Eva , López-Martínez Cecilia , Vivanco-Allende Blanca , Costales-Álvarez Carmen , Ordóñez-Álvarez Flor A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Despite recent well-established kidney tropism of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), usually presenting as acute kidney injury (AKI), there are few published cases with SARS-CoV-2-related tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). We report an adolescent with TIN and delayed association with uveitis (TINU syndrome), where SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was identified in kidney biopsy.

Case-diagnosis/treatment
A 12-year-old girl was assessed for a mild elevation of serum creatinine detected during the evaluation of systemic manifestations including asthenia, anorexia, abdominal pain, vomiting, and weight loss. Data of incomplete proximal tubular dysfunction (hypophosphatemia and hypouricemia with inappropriate urinary losses, low molecular weight proteinuria, and glucosuria) were also associated. Symptoms had initiated after a febrile respiratory infection with no known infectious cause. After 8 weeks, the patient tested positive in PCR for SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant). A subsequent percutaneous kidney biopsy revealed TIN and immunofluorescence staining with confocal microscopy detected the presence of SARS-CoV-2 protein S within the kidney interstitium. Steroid therapy was started with gradual tapering. Ten months after onset of clinical manifestations, as serum creatinine remained slightly elevated and kidney ultrasound showed mild bilateral parenchymal cortical thinning, a second percutaneous kidney biopsy was performed, without demonstrating acute inflammation or chronic changes, but SARS-CoV-2 protein S within the kidney tissue was again detected. At that moment, simultaneous routine ophthalmological examination revealed an asymptomatic bilateral anterior uveitis.

Conclusions
We present a patient who was found to have SARS-CoV-2 in kidney tissue several weeks following onset of TINU syndrome. Although simultaneous infection by SARS-CoV-2 could not be demonstrated at onset of symptoms, since no other etiological cause was identified, we hypothesize that SARS-CoV-2 might have been involved in triggering the patient’s illness.
Effects of exercise mode and intensity on patient-reported outcomes in cancer survivors: a four-arm intervention trial
Authors: Pelzer Fabian , Leisge Kai , Schlüter Kathrin , Schneider Justine , Wiskemann Joachim , Rosenberger Friederike 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different exercise modes (aerobic, resistance) and intensity prescriptions (standard, polarized, undulating) on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in cancer survivors.

Methods
107 breast or prostate cancer survivors (52% females, age 58 ± 10 years, 6–52 weeks after primary therapy) performed one out of four training programs, two sessions/week, over 12 weeks: work rate-matched vigorous intensity aerobic training (ATStandard, n = 28) and polarized intensity aerobic training (ATPolarized, n = 26) as well as volume-matched moderate intensity resistance training (RTStandard, n = 26) and daily undulating intensity resistance training (RTUndulating, n = 27). Health-related quality of life (HRQoL, EORTC-QLQ-C30) and cancer-related fatigue (CRF, MFI-20) were assessed at baseline, at the end of intervention and after a 12-week follow-up without further prescribed exercise.

Results
Over the intervention period, HRQoL-function-scales of the EORTC-QLQ-C30 improved over time (p = .007), but no group*time interaction was observed (p = .185). Similarly, CRF values of the MFI-20 improved over time (p = .006), but no group*time interaction was observed (p = .663). When including the follow-up period and pooling the AT and the RT groups, HRQoL-function-scales developed differently between groups (p = .022) with further improvements in RT and a decline in AT. For CRF no significant interaction was found, but univariate analyses showed a non-significant trend of more sustainable effects in RT.

Conclusions
AT and RT with different work rate-/volume-matched intensity prescriptions elicits positive effects on HRQoL and CRF, without one regimen being significantly superior to another over the intervention period. However, RT might result in more sustainable effects compared to AT over a follow-up period without any further exercise prescription.

Clinical trial registration
The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02883699).
MOCOVIDOA: a novel multi-objective coronavirus disease optimization algorithm for solving multi-objective optimization problems
Authors: Khalid Asmaa M. , Hamza Hanaa M. , Mirjalili Seyedali , Hosny Khaid M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA novel multi-objective Coronavirus disease optimization algorithm (MOCOVIDOA) is presented to solve global optimization problems with up to three objective functions. This algorithm used an archive to store non-dominated POSs during the optimization process. Then, a roulette wheel selection mechanism selects the effective archived solutions by simulating the frameshifting technique Coronavirus particles use for replication. We evaluated the efficiency by solving twenty-seven multi-objective (21 benchmarks & 6 real-world engineering design) problems, where the results are compared against five common multi-objective metaheuristics. The comparison uses six evaluation metrics, including IGD, GD, MS, SP, HV, and deltap($$\Delta \mathrm{P}$$ΔP). The obtained results and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test show the superiority of this novel algorithm over the existing algorithms and reveal its applicability in solving multi-objective problems.
A new Covid-19 diagnosis strategy using a modified KNN classifier
Authors: Rabie Asmaa H. , Mohamed Alaa M. , Abo-Elsoud M. A. , Saleh Ahmed I. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCovid-19 is a very dangerous disease as a result of the rapid and unprecedented spread of any previous disease. It is truly a crisis that threatens the world since its first appearance in December 2019 until our time. Due to the lack of a vaccine that has proved sufficiently effective so far, the rapid and more accurate diagnosis of this disease is extremely necessary to enable the medical staff to identify infected cases and isolate them from the rest to prevent further loss of life. In this paper, Covid-19 diagnostic strategy (CDS) as a new classification strategy that consists of two basic phases: Feature selection phase (FSP) and diagnosis phase (DP) has been introduced. During the first phase called FSP, the best set of features in laboratory test findings for Covid-19 patients will be selected using enhanced gray wolf optimization (EGWO). EGWO combines both types of selection techniques called wrapper and filter. Accordingly, EGWO includes two stages called filter stage (FS) and wrapper stage (WS). While FS uses many different filter methods, WS uses a wrapper method called binary gray wolf optimization (BGWO). The second phase called DP aims to give fast and more accurate diagnosis using a hybrid diagnosis methodology (HDM) based on the selected features from FSP. In fact, the HDM consists of two phases called weighting patient phase (WP2) and diagnostic patient phase (DP2). WP2 aims to calculate the belonging degree of each patient in the testing dataset to class category using naïve Bayes (NB) as a weight method. On the other hand, K-nearest neighbor (KNN) will be used in DP2 based on the weights of patients in the testing dataset as a new training dataset to give rapid and more accurate detection. The suggested CDS outperforms other strategies according to accuracy, precision, recall (or sensitivity) and F-measure calculations that are equal to 99%, 88%, 90% and 91%, respectively, as showed in experimental results.
Bott–Chern harmonic forms and primitive decompositions on compact almost Kähler manifolds
Authors: Piovani Riccardo , Tardini Nicoletta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLet $$(X,J,\omega )$$

(
X
,
J
,
ω
)

be a compact 2n-dimensional almost Kähler manifold. We prove primitive decompositions for Bott–Chern and Aeppli harmonic forms in special bidegrees and show that such bidegrees are optimal. We also show how the spaces of primitive Bott–Chern, Aeppli, Dolbeault and $$\partial $$
∂
-harmonic forms on $$(X,J,\omega )$$

(
X
,
J
,
ω
)

are related.
Investigating rational perfect nonlinear functions
Authors: Bartoli Daniele , Timpanella Marco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPerfect nonlinear (PN) functions over a finite field, whose study is also motivated by practical applications to Cryptography, have been the subject of several recent papers where the main problems, such as effective constructions and non-existence results, are considered. So far, all contributions have focused on PN functions represented by polynomials, and their constructions. Unfortunately, for polynomial PN functions, the approach based on Hasse–Weil type bounds applied to function fields can only provide non-existence results in a small degree regime. In this paper, we investigate the non-existence problem of rational perfect nonlinear functions over a finite field. Our approach makes it possible to use deep results about the number of points of algebraic varieties over finite fields. Our main result is that no PN rational functionf/gwith$$f,g\in \mathbb {F}_q[X]$$f,g∈Fq[X]exists when certain mild arithmetical conditions involving the degree off(X) andg(X) are satisfied.
Constrained optimization for addressing spatial heterogeneity in principal component analysis: an application to composite indicators
Authors: Postiglione Paolo , Cartone Alfredo , Andreano M. Simona , Benedetti Roberto 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPrincipal component analysis, in its standard version, might not be appropriate for the analysis of spatial data. Particularly, the presence of spatial heterogeneity has been recognized as a possible source of misspecification for the derivation of composite indicators using principal component analysis. In recent times, geographically weighted approach to principal component analysis has been used for the treatment of continuous heterogeneity. However, this technique poses problems for the treatment of discrete heterogeneity and the interpretation of the results. The aim of this paper is to present a new approach to consider spatial heterogeneity in principal component analysis by using simulated annealing algorithm. The proposed method is applied for the definition of a composite indicator of local services for 121 municipalities in the province of Rome.
The digital silver lining of the pandemic: The impact on preservice teachers’ technological knowledge and beliefs
Authors: Brianza Eliana , Schmid Mirjam , Tondeur Jo , Petko Dominik 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
COVID-19 drastically disrupted teaching and learning worldwide and across all educational levels. Technology took on a central role in redefining education under these exceptional circumstances and frequently revealed challenges related to both infrastructure and to teachers’ and learners’ technological skills and readiness. This study aimed to investigate whether the experience of emergency remote education significantly impacted preservice teachers’ knowledge and beliefs for their future teaching with technology. We investigated three cohorts of preservice teachers (pre-lockdown, n = 179; during lockdown, n = 48; post-lockdown, n = 228) and explored differences in their self-reported technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) and their technological beliefs. Findings showed positive effects in the post-lockdown cohort, reflected in higher levels of technological knowledge (TK) and technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) compared to the pre-lockdown cohort. In addition, unique positive effects on content knowledge (CK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) were found in the post-lockdown cohort among preservice teachers with prior teaching experiences. No effects of either cohort or experience emerged for preservice teachers’ technological beliefs. These findings indicate that, despite the challenges related to COVID-19 lockdowns, preservice teachers not only appear to have maintained positive beliefs towards technology but may have even been able to draw benefits from the experience of lockdown. These findings and the positive effects associated with teaching experience are discussed with regard to their implication for teacher education.
Model vs system level testing of autonomous driving systems: a replication and extension study
Authors: Stocco Andrea , Pulfer Brian , Tonella Paolo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOffline model-level testing of autonomous driving software is much cheaper, faster, and diversified than in-field, online system-level testing. Hence, researchers have compared empirically model-level vs system-level testing using driving simulators. They reported the general usefulness of simulators at reproducing the same conditions experienced in-field, but also some inadequacy of model-level testing at exposing failures that are observable only in online mode. In this work, we replicate the reference study on model vs system-level testing of autonomous vehicles while acknowledging several assumptions that we had reconsidered. These assumptions are related to several threats to validity affecting the original study that motivated additional analysis and the development of techniques to mitigate them. Moreover, we also extend the replicated study by evaluating the original findings when considering a physical, radio-controlled autonomous vehicle. Our results show that simulator-based testing of autonomous driving systems yields predictions that are close to the ones of real-world datasets when using neural-based translation to mitigate the reality gap induced by the simulation platform. On the other hand, model-level testing failures are in line with those experienced at the system level, both in simulated and physical environments, when considering the pre-failure site, similar-looking images, and accurate labels.