bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of In‐Plane Electric Field on the Microphase Separation in Thin Films of a Symmetric ABA Triblock Copolymer
Authors: Kriksin Yury A. , Kudryavtsev Yaroslav V. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe structure of a thin film of symmetric ABA triblock copolymer melts in an external in‐plane DC or AC electric field is studied theoretically. The situation is considered when the triblock copolymer forms a hexagonal morphology of standing cylinders in bulk in the absence of an external field. Self‐consistent field theory calculations are carried out to determine the most thermodynamically favorable thin film structure among the cylindrical phases perpendicular and parallel to the substrate and the lamellar phase perpendicular to the substrate. The results are presented as phase diagrams with the film thickness and electric field energy on the axes and as distributions of the local composition, which serve as an order parameter in the system. It is confirmed that electric fields only weakly affect the spinodal curves of block copolymers but they can reorient or markedly modify microphase‐separated morphologies in those systems. Such restructuring is consistent with a considerable modulation of the free surface of a copolymer film and it can lead to the coexistence of different phases that appear in the film areas with different local thicknesses.
Exploring the Spectrum of RHOBTB2 Variants Associated with Developmental Encephalopathy 64: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: de Pedro Baena Sonia , Sariego Jamardo Andrea , Castro Pedro , López González Francisco Javier , Sánchez Carpintero Rocío , Cerisola Alfredo , Troncoso Mónica , Witting Scarlet , Barrios Andrés , Fons Carmen , López Pisón Javier , Ortigoza‐Escobar Juan Darío 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundRho‐related BTB domain‐containing protein 2 (RHOBTB2) is a protein that interacts with cullin‐3, a crucial E3 ubiquitin ligase for mitotic cell division. RHOBTB2 has been linked to early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, autosomal dominant type 64 (OMIM618004), in 34 reported patients.MethodsWe present a case series of seven patients with RHOBTB2‐related disorders (RHOBTB2‐RD), including a description of a novel heterozygous variant. We also reviewed previously published cases of RHOBTB2‐RD.ResultsThe seven patients had ages ranging from 2 years and 8 months to 26 years, and all had experienced seizures before the age of one (onset, 4–12 months, median, 4 months), including various types of seizures. All patients in this cohort also had a movement disorder (onset, 0.3–14 years, median, 1.5 years). Six of seven had a baseline movement disorder, and one of seven only had paroxysmal dystonia. Stereotypies were noted in four of six, choreodystonia in three of six, and ataxia in one case with multiple movement phenotypes at baseline. Paroxysmal movement disorders were observed in six of seven patients for whom carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine treatment was effective in controlling acute or paroxysmal movement disorders. Four patients had acute encephalopathic episodes at ages 4 (one patient) and 6 (three patients), which improved following treatment with methylprednisolone. Magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed transient fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery abnormalities during these episodes, as well as myelination delay, thin corpus callosum, and brain atrophy. One patient had a novel RHOBTB2 variant (c.359G>A/p.Gly120Glu).ConclusionRHOBTB2‐RD is characterized by developmental delay or intellectual disability, early‐onset seizures, baseline movement disorders, acute or paroxysmal motor phenomena, acquired microcephaly, and episodes of acute encephalopathy. Early onsets of focal dystonia, acute encephalopathic episodes, episodes of tongue protrusion, or peripheral vasomotor disturbances are important diagnostic clues. Treatment with carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine was found to be effective in controlling acute or paroxysmal movement disorders. Our study highlights the clinical features and treatment response of RHOBTB2‐RD.
Business model innovation driven by corporate social responsibility in a digital innovation ecosystem: Evidence from Chinese manufacturers
Authors: Liao Minchao , Gao Zeng'an , Zhou Jingsong , Li Dehui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on examining the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) fulfillment and business model innovation (BMI) in the context of China's business environment. The research utilizes data from 1028 manufacturing firms in China and specifically explores the impact of CSR fulfillment on BMI within the digital innovation ecosystem. The findings indicate that both internal CSR (ICSR) and external CSR (ECSR) have a significant positive influence on BMI, with ECSR having a stronger effect. Additionally, the study reveals that value co‐creation (VCC) plays a mediating role in strengthening the relationship between CSR fulfillment and BMI. Furthermore, the study highlights that the positive association between CSR fulfillment and BMI is more prominent in firms with higher digital platform capability (DPC). Overall, this research provides valuable insights for manufacturers seeking to achieve BMI and sustainable development.
The acceptability and feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial to test the effectiveness of a walking intervention for older people with persistent musculoskeletal pain in primary care: A mixed methods evaluation of the iPOPP pilot trial
Authors: Healey Emma L. , McBeth John , Nicholls Elaine , Chew‐Graham Carolyn A. , Dent Stephen , Foster Nadine E. , Herron Daniel , Pincus Tamar , Hartshorne Liz , Hay Elaine M. , Jinks Clare 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionPersistent musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is associated with physical inactivity in older people. While walking is an acceptable form of physical activity, the effectiveness of walking interventions in this population has yet to be established.ObjectivesTo assess the acceptability and feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to test the effectiveness of a healthcare assistant‐led walking intervention for older people with persistent MSK pain (iPOPP) in primary care.MethodsA mixed method, three arm pilot RCT was conducted in four general practices and recruited patients aged ≥65 years with persistent MSK pain. Participants were randomised in a 1:1:1 ratio to: (i) usual care, (ii) usual care plus a pedometer intervention, or (iii) usual care plus the iPOPP walking intervention. Descriptive statistics were used in an exploratory analysis of the quantitative data. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. A triangulation protocol was used to integrate the analyses from the mixed methods.ResultsAll pre‐specified success criteria were achieved in terms of feasibility (recruitment, follow‐up and iPOPP intervention adherence) and acceptability. Triangulation of the data identified the need, in the future, to make the iPOPP training (for intervention deliverers) more patient‐centred to better support already active patients and the use of individualised goal setting and improve accelerometry data collection processes to increase the amount of valid data.ConclusionsThis pilot trial suggests that the iPOPP intervention and a future full‐scale RCT are both acceptable and feasible. The use of a triangulation protocol enabled more robust conclusions about acceptability and feasibility to be drawn.
“Homogenization with non‐homogeneous plastic flow”
Authors: Anglade Elsa , Sellier Alain , Papon Aurélie , Aubert Jean‐Emmanuel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper provides the solution of a homogenization model that simultaneously considers the plastic and elastic strain fields in a single analytical formulation. In addition, the authors aim to decouple plastic flows triggered in the inclusions, in the matrix at the interfaces with the inclusions, and in the matrix at a large distance from the inclusions. The authors propose an admissible displacement field containing elastic and anelastic contributions in series. This field provides a new strain homogenization formula in which the plastic deformations in the inclusions, at the interface between the matrix and the inclusions, and in the matrix far from the inclusions appear explicitly. Applications allow to evaluate the pertinence of the approximation provided by this field, and show that this new formulation is able to create macroscopic work hardening while all the elementary phases have elastic‐perfectly plastic behaviour without resorting to expensive numerical simulations (such as mesoscopic finite element modelling). This is the consequence of the simultaneous presence of elasticity and plasticity on the one hand and, on the other, the possibility of triggering plastic flows independently on the surface of each type of inclusion and in the matrix at a large distance from the inclusions.
Theoretical analysis of dynamic stress distribution around a circular damaged roadway under transient disturbance
Authors: Zhao Huatao , Tao Ming , Li Xibing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExcavation damaged zone (EDZ) widely exists in the surrounding rock of underground roadway due to blasting excavation, which can further change the surrounding rock property and deteriorate the stability of the roadway. In the presented research, a damaged roadway model was developed to investigate the dynamic stress concentration factor (DSCF) distribution around the damaged roadway under a transient plane P wave. The influencing factors on DSCF distribution were discussed, including the shear modulus (μe/μd) of the intact surrounding rock to that of the damaged surrounding rock, the thickness of EDZ (Rd/R0), and the wavelength of the incident stress wave. Results indicated that the damaged surrounding rock around the roadway belongs to stress‐relaxed zones, and the existence of EDZ can reduce the overall DSCF of surrounding rock. As the ratio of μe/μd is increasing, both the maximum compressive and tensile stress concentrations in the damaged zones decrease gradually, which is opposite to that in the intact surrounding rock. A larger EDZ can induce a higher DSCF in the damaged surrounding rock and a smaller DSCF in the intact surrounding rock. As the incident stress wave's wavelength is increasing, the peak value of DSCF grows first before declining, finally followed by a constant value. Furthermore, the maximum compressive and tensile stress concentrations are always found near the surrounding rock that is perpendicular to and along the incoming direction of stress waves, respectively. The stress concentration in both intact and damaged surrounding rock near the incoming side of stress waves is higher than that at the transmitted side.
Design, Fabrication and Characterization of Multi‐Yolk@Shell NiCuFe2O4@mSiO2 Mesoporous Nanocomposite Spheres for the Synthesis of Pyrimido‐Quinolines under Solvent‐Free Conditions
Authors: Kazempour Somayeh , Naeimi Hossein 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMulti‐yolk@shell mesoporous silica spheres are becoming more and more attractive as high‐performance catalysts because of their high surface areas, variable pore sizes, and low densities. In this work, a NiCuFe2O4 magnetic core with a shell of mesoporous silica mesoporous has been prepared in an easy two‐step procedure. The prepared multi‐yolk@shell NiCuFe2O4@mSiO2 spheres were characterized by using FT‐IR, XRD, VSM, EDX, BET, FE‐SEM and HR‐TEM techniques. These unique multi‐yolk@shell NiCuFe2O4@mSiO2 spheres demonstrated high catalytic activity for the synthesis of pyrimidoquinolines. Also, this method exposes obvious benefits such as catalyst recyclability, easy reaction condition, simplicity of work up, high product yields and short reaction times.
Methane Decomposition to Hydrogen Over Zirconia‐Supported Fe Catalysts–Effects of the Modified Support
Authors: Bayazed Mohammed , Fakeeha Anis H. , Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Alanazi Yousef M. , Abasaeed Ahmed E. , Khan Wasim U. , Abu‐Dahrieh Jehad K. , Al‐Fatesh Ahmed S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMethane decomposition is a promising route to synthesize COx‐free hydrogen and carbon nanomaterials (CNMs). In this work, the impregnation method was employed for the preparation of the catalysts. Systematic investigations on the activity and stability of Fe‐based catalysts were carried out in a packed‐bed micro‐activity reactor at 800 °C with a feed gas flow rate of 18 mL/min. The effect of doping Y2O3, MgO, SiO2 and TiO2 over ZrO2 on the catalytic performance was also studied. BET revealed that the specific surface areas and pore volumes are increased after SiO2, TiO2, and Y2O3 are added to ZrO2 while MgO had a negative impact and hence a little decrease in specific surface area is observed. The catalytic activity results showed that the Fe‐based catalyst supported over TiO2‐doped ZrO2 that is, Fe−TiZr, demonstrated the highest activity and stability, with a maximum methane conversion of 81.3 % during 180 min time‐on‐stream. At 800 °C, a maximum initial methane conversion of 73 %, 38 %, 64 %, and 69 % and a final carbon yield of 121 wt. %, 55 wt. %, 354 wt. %, and 174 wt. % was achieved using Fe−MgZr, Fe−SiZr, Fe−TiZr and Fe−YZr catalysts, respectively. Moreover, bulk deposition of uniform carbon nanotubes with a high degree of graphitization and different diameters was observed over the catalysts.
A surface finite element method for the Navier–Stokes equations on evolving surfaces
Authors: Krause Veit , Kunze Eric , Voigt Axel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe introduce a surface finite element method for the numerical solution of Navier–Stokes equations on evolving surfaces with a prescribed deformation of the surface in the normal direction. The method is based on approaches for the full surface Navier–Stokes equations in the context of fluid‐deformable surfaces and adds a penalization of the normal component of the velocity. Numerical results demonstrate the same optimal order of convergence as proposed for surface (Navier–)Stokes equations on stationary surfaces. The approach is applied to high‐resolution three‐dimensional scans of clothed bodies in motion to provide interactive virtual fluid‐like clothing.
Time‐limited balanced truncation within incremental four‐dimensional variational data assimilation
Authors: König Josie , Freitag Melina A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFour‐dimensional variational data assimilation (4D‐Var) is a data assimilation method often used in weather forecasting. Based on a numerical model and observations of a system, it predicts the system state beyond the last time of measurement. This requires the minimisation of a functional. At each step of the optimisation algorithm, a full nonlinear model evaluation and its adjoint is required. This quickly becomes very costly, especially in high dimensions. For this reason, a surrogate model is needed that approximates the full model well, but requires significantly less computational effort. In this paper, we propose time‐limited balanced truncation to build such a reduced‐order model. Our approach is able to deal with unstable system matrices. We demonstrate its performance in experiments and compare it with α‐bounded balanced truncation, which is an another reduction approach for unstable systems.
Transitioning disopyramide to mavacamten in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A case series and clinical guide
Authors: Willeford Andrew , Silva Enciso Jorge 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disorder for which first‐line treatments for obstructive HCM (oHCM) include beta‐blockers, non‐dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, and disopyramide for refractory cases. Mavacamten, a selective cardiac myosin inhibitor, is indicated for symptomatic oHCM to improve functional capacity and symptoms. Use of disopyramide and mavacamten together is not recommended due to concerns of additive negative inotropic effects. Transitioning from disopyramide to mavacamten may be preferred to avoid adverse effects and frequent administration, however, the best approach for making the transition has not been established.CasesWe present a series of seven patients with oHCM who transitioned from disopyramide to mavacamten and underwent echocardiograms mandated by a Risk Evaluation and Mitigations Strategies program. Two methods were employed. The first approach, involving washout of disopyramide before starting mavacamten, resulted in worsening of heart failure symptoms in the first two cases. The second approach, involving tapering disopyramide when starting mavacamten, was successfully implemented in the last five cases, with no adverse effects or worsening of systolic dysfunction.ConclusionOur method of tapering disopyramide when starting mavacamten using a stepwise approach is feasible and safe. Our report fulfills an unmet need by serving as a guide for other clinicians who seek to transition their patients from disopyramide to mavacamten.
Photochemical afterglow of single organic molecules with wide‐range tunable lifetime
Authors: Pei Yuetian , Fan Yiwei , Liu Yawei , Sun Kuangshi , Feng Wei , Liu Qian , Li Fuyou 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPhotochemical afterglow that relies on slow release of photons from the chemical energy stored by light pre‐irradiation has emerged as a new optical imaging modality. However, conventional photochemical afterglow systems are considerably dependent on the interaction between multiple functional molecules, such as the afterglow initiator, the substrate, and the emitter. Therefore, these isolated functional molecules for afterglow luminescence have to be embedded in a nanoparticle with a confined space for many applications, which may suffer from problems like reproducibility and dye leakage.AimHerein, we developed an “All‐in‐one” strategy that integrated all functional units for afterglow luminescence into one molecule to achieve photochemical afterglow of single organic small molecules.Material & MethodsTriphenylamine and its derivatives contained single organic molecule were synthesized as “All‐in‐one” molecules, and underwent photochemical reactions triggered by singlet oxygen. We investigated the effect of substituents on the afterglow luminescence of the “All‐in‐one” molecules. Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations were performed to exhibit the wide‐range tunable lifetimes and to reveal the involving mechanisms.ResultsBy tailoring the electron‐withdrawing ability of substituents, the afterglow lifetime of the “All‐in‐one” molecules can be conveniently tuned in a wide range from 28.6 s to 50.9 min. Moreover, the “All‐in‐one” afterglow materials were used to make smart printable security inks for optical multiplexing.Discussion & ConclusionSuch “All‐in‐one” afterglow molecules successfully achieved bright afterglow with wide‐range tunable lifetimes by the regulation of molecular structure according to the effect of substituents. This work provided a novel strategy to convert traditional fluorescent dyes into afterglow materials of single organic molecules and showed its great potential in multiple information encryption and advanced biological.
In search of the perfect process
Authors: Luft Axel , Franciosa Pasquale , Marben Philip 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBattery cases in modern electric vehicles must meet very demanding functional requirements. WMG – an independent research and development Institute at the University of Warwick – tested laser welding processes for optimizing aluminum battery cases on behalf of major automotive manufacturers. In extensive laboratory tests, WMG studied which production technology could produce the best results.
The next generation of tactile laser processing heads
Authors: Wedel Björn 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFor more than twenty years, tactile laser processing has been the state of the art for laser brazing and filler wire‐assisted laser welding. The expectations of process efficiency, uptime and machine integration have been growing during this time. A new generation of processing heads is responding to that with a simplified optomechanical design and a monitoring system that continuously shows the status of all critical components.
Integrated leadership for coherent school improvement in Ethiopia: The moderating role of transformational leadership on the relationship between instructional leadership and student academic achievement mediated by school improvement process
Authors: Gao Chunhai , Khalid Sabika , Lianyu Cai , Tadesse Endale 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUnfortunately, the role of school leadership in fostering school improvement in non‐Western countries, especially African countries, is relatively little discussed. The present study sheds light on the contextual role of instructional leadership (IL) and transformational leadership (TL) in promoting the Ethiopian School Improvement Program (SIP), which is intended to enhance student academic performance. Hence, this study aimed to extend the integrated leadership model by conceptualizing the moderating mediation effect of IL on student academic achievement in public primary schools. A cross‐sectional study was performed by distributing a survey to 1280 public primary school teachers in Addis Ababa. Surprisingly, the study's findings affirmed that unlike previous studies, IL and TL significantly directly affect student academic performance, and TL plays a significant role as a moderator of the indirect effect of IL on student academic achievement.
Construction and validation of the foreign language learning enjoyment scale
Authors: Aydın Selami , Tekin Işıl , Akkaş Ferdane D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSince the original and adapted versions of the scales that aim to measure foreign language enjoyment may not be appropriate for learners with low English proficiency levels, it seems necessary to develop scales in their native languages. This study aims to create a valid and reliable scale of foreign language learning enjoyment that can be applied to Turkish students learning English as a foreign language (EFL). The sample group of the study consisted of 18 students in the focus group study, 408 learners in the exploratory study, 630 students in the confirmatory group, and 66 students in the study in the assessment phase of convergent validity and test–retest reliability. The participants had different educational backgrounds and proficiency levels in English. After administering a background questionnaire and the Foreign Language Learning Enjoyment Scale (FLLES), exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis were performed. The findings showed that the FLLES comprising 12 items obtained high reliability and validity with a one‐factor solution. The study also concluded that the FLLES displayed a moderate correlation with the Foreign Language Enjoyment Scale (FLES) developed by Dewaele and MacIntyre, and had a good level of test–retest reliability.