bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does needle positioning with magnetic field induction improve central venous catheterization performance by novice learners?
Authors: Kamphausen Anne , Tarasova Natalia , Bardwell Abigail , Laack Torrey A , Shiue Larissa T , Kummer Tobias 
Published: August 2023

Objective: The novel ultrasound magnetic needle navigation technique can visualize the entire needle and identify its projected trajectory. We hypothesized that this technique increases the first-attempt success rate of central venous puncture by novice learners compared with the conventional needle navigation technique. Methods: This prospective, randomized, controlled trial with a crossover design included 50 participants with limited prior experience in US-guided procedures. Participants were randomly assigned to novel or conventional technique groups and asked to perform central venous cannulation in a phantom task trainer. After the first successful attempt, participants were allocated to the other technique group. Results: Although participants in the novel technique group had a higher first-attempt success rate than did those in the conventional technique group, this difference was not statistically significant ( p = 0.17). The total number of attempts also did not significantly differ ( p = 0.16). The conventional technique group had more needle redirections ( p = 0.01) and a longer time to successful cannulation ( p = 0.01). The number of adverse effects ( p = 0.32) did not differ between groups. Participant confidence levels were higher in the novel technique group ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: Magnetic needle navigation can reduce the number of needle redirections, shorten the time to successful cannulation, and increase confidence levels by novice learners for successful US-guided central venous access.
Characteristics of multiple sclerosis and demyelinating disease in an Asian American population
Authors: Fan Jessica H , Alexander Jessa , Poole Shane , Wijangco Jaeleene , Henson Lily J , Dobson Ruth , Guo Chu-Yueh , Bove Riley 
Published: August 2023

Background: Race and ancestry influence the course of multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives: Explore clinical characteristics of MS and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in Asian American patients. Methods: Chart review was performed for 282 adults with demyelinating disease who self-identified as Asian at a single North American MS center. Demographics and clinical characteristics were compared to non-Asian MS patients and by region of Asian ancestry. Results: Region of ancestry was known for 181 patients. Most (94.7%) preferred English, but fewer East Asian patients did (80%, p = 0.0001). South Asian patients had higher neighborhood household income ( p = 0.002). Diagnoses included MS (76.2%) and NMOSD (13.8%). More patients with NMOSD than MS were East and Southeast Asian ( p = 0.004). For MS patients, optic nerve and spinal cord involvement were similar across regions of ancestry. Asian MS patients were younger at symptom onset and diagnosis than non-Asian MS patients. MS Severity Scale scores were similar to non-Asian MS patients but worse among Southeast Asians ( p = 0.006). Conclusions: MS severity was similar between Asian American patients and non-Asian patients. Region of ancestry was associated with differences in sociodemographics and MS severity. Further research is needed to uncover genetic, socioeconomic, or environmental factors causing these differences.
Is asynchronous telerehabilitation equal to synchronous telerehabilitation in COVID-19 survivors with classes 4–6?
Authors: Tanhan Abdurrahman , Ozer Aysel Yildiz , Timurtas Eren , Batirel Ayse , Polat Mine Gulden 
Published: August 2023

Introduction The first aim of this study was to compare synchronous and asynchronous telerehabilitation programs in COVID-19 survivors with classes 4–6 and determine the more appropriate telerehabilitation approach. Methods Thirty-six COVID-19 survivors with class 4–6 severity were randomly divided into two groups. Telerehabilitation programs were an 8-week exercise program that comprised pulmonary, aerobic, and strengthening exercises. Patients were assessed at the baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), short physical performance battery (SPPB), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) Results The overall mean age of the study population was 54.06 (SD 10.50), and 15 (46.8%) were male. There were no significant differences between the two groups in any of the demographics and clinical characteristics at the baseline (p > 0.05), except for physical function (p < 0.05). There was a significant improvement in exercise capacity (p < 0.001) and lower extremity function (p < 0.01) within both groups in the short term and long term. There was a significant improvement in some subparameters of quality of life in both groups. As the synchronous group's short-term and long-term psychological status improved significantly, the asynchronous group's short-term psychological status improved significantly (p < 0.05). Telerehabilitation programs had similar effects, and only synchronous telerehabilitation outperformed asynchronous telerehabilitation in terms of physical function, role-emotional, and long-term anxiety. Discussion Asynchronous telerehabilitation was as effective as synchronous telerehabilitation in developing clinical and functional parameters when properly planned and implemented.
A systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of the Baska mask versus other laryngeal mask airways during general anaesthesia
Authors: Fadlalmola Hammad Ali , Elhusein Amal Mohamed , Osman Abdalla Mohamed , Balola Hamza Hosean , Ebrahim Elturabi Elsayed , Babiker Sitelgeel Hamouda , Ghoneim Nagwa Ibrahim , Ebrahim Raga Abdelfatah , Ali Maha Abdalla , Mohammed Amani Abdelgader , Eshag Ghada Siddig , Mohamed Sara Elsadig , Shaaeldein Farida Rahamtalla , Al-Sayaghi Khaled Mohammed 
Published: August 2023

Background: The Baska mask is a supraglottic airway device used during general anaesthesia that combines features from various other devices. This systematic review aims to compare its efficacy and safety with other laryngeal mask airways. Methods: Randomised controlled trials were identified by searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. RevMan software was used for meta-analysis, with mean difference and risk ratios calculated for continuous and dichotomous data, respectively, along with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The meta-analysis found that the Baska mask provides a better oropharyngeal seal pressure (mean difference = 7.03; 95% confidence interval = [6.00, 8.07], p < 0.00001) and a higher rate of maximal seal pressure (risk ratio = 18.38; 95% confidence interval = [2.53, 133.47], p = 0.004) compared to other laryngeal mask airways. However, the Baska mask had lower success rates in first-attempt insertion (risk ratio = 0.79; 95% confidence interval = [0.72, 0.86], p < 0.00001) and higher rates of insertion manipulation (risk ratio = 16.64; 95% confidence interval = [5.86, 47.24], p < 0.00001). Conclusion: The Baska mask offers better oropharyngeal seal pressure, but may be more difficult to insert than other laryngeal mask airways, without causing significant delays. The Baska mask appears as safe as other laryngeal mask airways, but larger trials are needed to support these findings.
Outcomes of patients undergoing anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty with augmented glenoid components – a systematic review
Authors: Prada Carlos , Al-Mohrej Omar A , Siddiqui Salwa , Khan Moin 
Published: August 2023

Background Glenoid loosening is an issue in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (a-TSA). This has been attributed to abnormal glenoid anatomy, common among these patients. Different alternatives have been proposed to tackle glenoid bone loss and restore joint alignment with augmented glenoid implants being increasingly used to deal with this problem. This systematic review aims to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients undergoing augmented glenoid a-TSAs. Our hypothesis was that augmented glenoid components will lead to good patient outcomes with a low incidence of complications and revision procedures. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and CINHAL were searched from inception to February 2022 for information pertaining to outcomes of patients undergoing a-TSA with augmented glenoid implants. Results Eighteen studies reported on outcomes of 814 a-TSA (800 participants) with a mean follow-up of 3.7 years. Most studies (67%) were Type IV level of evidence. Almost 70% of participants underwent an a-TSA secondary to primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Most glenoids were type B2 (73%). Augmented glenoids material was mostly all-polyethylene (81%) with full wedge (45%) and stepped components (38%) designs being the most common. Most studies reported good clinical outcomes. 17 patients (4%) underwent a revision surgery. Conclusions Our review found that patients undergoing a-TSA with augmented glenoid components report good outcomes at short-to-mid-term follow-up. Further research is warranted to determine if such outcomes remain similar in long term. Level of evidence Level III, Systematic Review of Therapeutic Studies.
Stress among UK consultant urologists and factors influencing when they leave full-time NHS practice
Authors: Payne Stephen R , Kane Amy , Thomas Kevin , Bolderston Helen , Greville-Harris Maddy , Turner Kevin J 
Published: August 2023

Objective: The UK medical workforce is in crisis. The number of surgeons in National Health Service (NHS) practice has decreased, partly because newly qualified doctors withdraw from the workforce, and partly because of the early retirement of experienced surgeons. The reasons for urological trainee loss are largely known, but stress factors influencing the retirement of consultants before state pension age (SPA) are not. Methods: An online survey of the consultant membership of the British Association of Urological Surgeons was carried out over a 12-week period starting in September 2020. Information was sought regarding stresses at work and home, together with factors affecting retirement decisions. Data analysis was performed if > 90% of questions were complete. Results: Overall, 36.5% of 1374 invitees completed the survey. Workplace-based issues were the main causes of stress: on-call, an unsupportive working environment, complaint handling and poor relations with hospital managers were predominant factors which were exacerbated by punitive taxation. Experienced urologists ameliorated these factors by reducing their contracted activity, increasing part-time working and, ultimately, retiring before SPA. Conclusions: Workplace-based factors are associated with stress reported by consultant urologists. Alleviation of stressor factors, especially those related to on-call activity, should be explored to reduce the erosion of the senior workforce. Level of evidence: Not applicable
Impact of Anxiety During Hospitalization on the Clinical Outcome of Patients With Osteoporotic Thoracolumbar Vertebral Fracture
Authors: Schwarz F. , Klee E. , Schenk P. , Katscher S. , Schnake K. J. , Bäumlein M. , Zimmermann V. , Schmeiser G. , Scherer M. A. , Müller M. , Sprengel K. , Spiegl U. , Osterhoff G. , Schramm S. , Siekmann H. , Franck A. , Scheyerer M.-J. , Ullrich B.W. ,   The Working Group Osteoporotic Fractures of the Spine Section of the German Society of Orthopaedics and Trauma
Published: August 2023

Study Design Multicenter prospective cohort study. Objectives Anxiety in combination with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) of the spine remains understudied. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether anxiety has an impact on the short-term functional outcome of patients with an OVCF. Furthermore, a direct impact of the fracture on the patient’s anxiety during hospitalization should be recognized. Methods All inpatients with an OVCF of the thoracolumbar spine from 2017 to 2020 were included. Trauma mechanism, analgetic medication, anti-osteoporotic therapy, timed-up-and-go test (TuG), mobility, Barthel index, Oswestry-Disability Index (ODI) and EQ5D-5L were documented. For statistical analysis, the U test, chi-square independence test, Spearman correlation, General Linear Model for repeated measures, Bonferroni analysis and Wilcoxon test were used. The item anxiety/depression of the EQ5D-5L was analyzed to describe the patients’ anxiousness. Results Data from 518 patients from 17 different hospitals were evaluated. Fracture severity showed a significant correlation (r = .087, P = .0496) with anxiety. During the hospital stay, pain medication ( P < .001), anti-osteoporotic medication ( P < .001), and initiation of surgical therapy ( P < .001) were associated with less anxiety. The anxiety of a patient at discharge was negatively related to the functional outcomes at the individual follow-up: TuG ( P < .001), Barthel index ( P < .001), ODI ( P < .001) and EQ5D-5L ( P < .001). Conclusions Higher anxiety is associated with lower functional outcome after OVCF. The item anxiety/depression of the EQ5D-5L provides an easily accessible, quick and simple tool that can be used to screen for poor outcomes and may also offer the opportunity for a specific anxiety intervention.
Motor rehabilitation after stroke: European Stroke Organisation (ESO) consensus-based definition and guiding framework
Authors: Kwakkel Gert , Stinear Cathy , Essers Bea , Munoz-Novoa Maria , Branscheidt Meret , Cabanas-Valdés Rosa , Lakičević Sandra , Lampropoulou Sofia , Luft Andreas R , Marque Philippe , Moore Sarah A , Solomon John M , Swinnen Eva , Turolla Andrea , Alt Murphy Margit , Verheyden Geert 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To propose a consensus-based definition and framework for motor rehabilitation after stroke. Methods: An expert European working group reviewed the literature, attaining internal consensus after external feedback. Findings: Motor rehabilitation is defined as a process that engages people with stroke to benefit their motor function, activity capacity and performance in daily life. It is necessary for people with residual motor disability whose goal is to enhance their functioning, independence and participation. Motor rehabilitation operates through learning- and use-dependent mechanisms. The trajectory of motor recovery varies across patients and stages of recovery. Early behavioral restitution of motor function depends on spontaneous biological mechanisms. Further improvements in activities of daily living are achieved by compensations. Motor rehabilitation is guided by regular assessment of motor function and activity using consensus-based measures, including patient-reported outcomes. Results are discussed with the patient and their carers to set personal goals. During motor rehabilitation patients learn to optimize and adapt their motor, sensory and cognitive functioning through appropriately dosed repetitive, goal-oriented, progressive, task- and context-specific training. Motor rehabilitation supports people with stroke to maximize health, well-being and quality of life. The framework describes the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in the context of stroke, describes neurobiological mechanisms of behavioral restitution and compensation, and summarizes recommendations for clinical assessment, prediction tools, and motor interventions with strong recommendations from clinical practice guidelines (2016–2022). Conclusions: This definition and framework may guide clinical educators, inform clinicians on current recommendations and guidelines, and identify gaps in the evidence base.
Surgical Approach for RSA has Little or no Influence on Scapular Inclination and Glenoid Baseplate Tilt Relative to the Horizontal
Authors: Cuinet Thomas , Nérot Cécile , Godenèche Arnaud , Peduzzi Lisa ,   ReSurg, van Rooij Floris , Nover Luca , Hibon Aude , Saffarini Mo ,   SoFEC
Published: August 2023

Purpose Determine whether reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) glenoid baseplate tilt is influenced by surgical approach and/or associated with functional scores. Methods In total, 501 shoulders (483 patients) who underwent RSA, by anterosuperior (AS, n = 88) or deltopectoral (DP, n = 413) approach. Preoperative and immediate postoperative anteroposterior and scapular Y-view radiographs were used to measure: Inclination of the supraspinatus fossa's floor relative to the horizontal (Sigma angle), inclination of the glenoid fossa line (or glenoid baseplate surface) relative to the horizontal (beta-h angle) or to the supraspinatus fossa's floor (beta-s angle). Results Sigma and beta-h were significantly greater for shoulders operated by DP approach, both preoperatively ( P < .001, P = .002) and postoperatively ( P = .004, P < .001), but net change was not significantly different ( P = .501, P = .742). Conversely, beta-s was significantly greater for shoulders operated by DP approach, only postoperatively ( P = .042), but there were no significant differences in either preoperative angles ( P = .580) or net change thereof ( P = .528). Conclusion Beta-s was slightly but significantly greater for shoulders operated by DP approach, while beta-h and sigma depended primarily on preoperative scapular inclination and glenoid tilt, rather than on surgical approach. At a minimum of 2 years following RSA, neither constant scores nor net improvements thereof were significantly associated with any of the angles. Level of evidence IV, case series
Republication of “Primary Ankle Arthrodesis vs ORIF for Severely Comminuted Pilon Fractures: A Comparative Retrospective Study”
Authors: Beckwitt Colin H. , Monaco Spencer J. , Gruen Gary S. 
Published: August 2023

Background: The treatment for highly comminuted pilon fractures remains controversial. The goal of this retrospective cohort study was to compare functional outcomes of primary arthrodesis of the tibiotalar joint (fusion) and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). Methods: Patients who underwent primary ORIF or fusion for pilon fractures at our institution since 2000 were identified by Current Procedural Terminology ( CPT) code. Inclusion criteria for the ORIF cohort were patients with an AO/Orthopaedic Trauma Association type C3 pilon fracture. Additional inclusion criteria for the fusion cohort were patients whose fractures were deemed non-reconstructable by the treating surgeon. Outcome assessment was determined by the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and Short Form 36-item health survey (SF-36), time to radiographic union or fusion, and wound-healing complications at a minimum of 2 years after their surgery. Results: Nineteen ORIF and 16 fusion patients completed the study’s outcome assessments. A higher rate of nonunion was observed in patients treated by primary ORIF than primary fusion (5/19 vs 1/16). Posttraumatic arthritis was observed in 11 of 19 primary ORIF patients. Primary fusion patients exhibited increased symptoms, pain, and physical role limits but were equivalent to primary ORIF patients on all other functional metrics examined. Conclusions: Primary ankle arthrodesis achieves a lower rate of nonunion and comparable functional outcomes to ORIF in patients with severely comminuted pilon fractures. The higher rate of nonunion observed in the primary ORIF group suggests that primary fusion should be considered an effective procedure for severe injuries to decrease the need for further operative intervention. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level III, retrospective cohort.
Clinical characteristics and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of leukomalacia in preterm infants and term infants: a cohort study
Authors: Song Juan , Yue Yuyang , Sun Huiqing , Cheng Ping , Xu Falin , Li Bingbing , Li Kenan , Zhu Changlian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Leukomalacia is a serious form of neonatal brain injury that often leads to neurodevelopmental impairment, and studies on neonatal leukomalacia and its long-term outcomes are lacking. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical manifestations, imaging features, and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants and term infants with leukomalacia.

Methods
Newborns diagnosed with leukomalacia by head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and who were admitted to intensive care units from January 2015 to June 2020 were enrolled. All infants were followed up to June 2022 (2–7 years old), and their neurodevelopmental outcomes were evaluated. The clinical data and long- term outcomes of preterm infants and term infants was analyzed by Chi-square tests.

Results
A total of 218 surviving infants with leukomalacia including 114 preterm infants and 104 term infants completed the follow-up. The major typesof leukomalacia on MRI were periventricular leukomalacia in the preterm group and subcortical cystic leukomalacia in the term group, respectively (χ2 = 55.166; p < 0.001). When followed up to 2–7 years old, the incidence of neurodevelopmental impairment in the preterm group and term group was not significantly different (χ2 = 0.917; p = 0.338). However, the incidence of cerebral palsy (CP) in the preterm group was significantly higher (χ2 = 4.896; p = 0.027), while the incidence of intellectual disability (ID) (χ2 = 9.445; p = 0.002), epilepsy (EP) (χ2 = 23.049; p < 0.001), and CP combined with ID andEP (χ2 = 4.122; p = 0.042) was significantly lower than that in the term group.

Conclusions
Periventricular leukomalacia mainly occurred in preterm infants while subcortical cystic leukomalacia was commonly seen in term infants. Although the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of leukomalacia were both poor, preterm infants were more prone to CP, while term infants were more prone to ID, EP, and the combination of CP with ID and EP.
Proteomic analysis of 92 circulating proteins and their effects in cardiometabolic diseases
Authors: Carland Corinne , Png Grace , Malarstig Anders , Kho Pik Fang , Gustafsson Stefan , Michaelsson Karl , Lind Lars , Tsafantakis Emmanouil , Karaleftheri Maria , Dedoussis George , Ramisch Anna , Macdonald-Dunlop Erin , Klaric Lucija , Joshi Peter K. , Chen Yan , Björck Hanna M. , Eriksson Per , Carrasco-Zanini Julia , Wheeler Eleanor , Suhre Karsten , Gilly Arthur , Zeggini Eleftheria , Viñuela Ana , Dermitzakis Emmanouil T. , Wilson James F. , Langenberg Claudia , Thareja Gaurav , Halama Anna , Schmidt Frank ,   SCALLOP Consortium, Zanetti Daniela , Assimes Themistocles 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Human plasma contains a wide variety of circulating proteins. These proteins can be important clinical biomarkers in disease and also possible drug targets. Large scale genomics studies of circulating proteins can identify genetic variants that lead to relative protein abundance.

Methods
We conducted a meta-analysis on genome-wide association studies of autosomal chromosomes in 22,997 individuals of primarily European ancestry across 12 cohorts to identify protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) for 92 cardiometabolic associated plasma proteins.

Results
We identified 503 (337 cis and 166 trans) conditionally independent pQTLs, including several novel variants not reported in the literature. We conducted a sex-stratified analysis and found that 118 (23.5%) of pQTLs demonstrated heterogeneity between sexes. The direction of effect was preserved but there were differences in effect size and significance. Additionally, we annotate trans-pQTLs with nearest genes and report plausible biological relationships. Using Mendelian randomization, we identified causal associations for 18 proteins across 19 phenotypes, of which 10 have additional genetic colocalization evidence. We highlight proteins associated with a constellation of cardiometabolic traits including angiopoietin-related protein 7 (ANGPTL7) and Semaphorin 3F (SEMA3F).

Conclusion
Through large-scale analysis of protein quantitative trait loci, we provide a comprehensive overview of common variants associated with plasma proteins. We highlight possible biological relationships which may serve as a basis for further investigation into possible causal roles in cardiometabolic diseases.