bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The maize preligule band is subdivided into distinct domains with contrasting cellular properties prior to ligule outgrowth
Authors: Neher Wesley R. , Rasmussen Carolyn G. , Braybrook Siobhan A. , Lažetić Vladimir , Stowers Claire E. , Mooney Paul T. , Sylvester Anne W. , Springer Patricia S. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
The maize ligule is an epidermis-derived structure that arises from the preligule band (PLB) at a boundary between the blade and sheath. A hinge-like auricle also develops immediately distal to the ligule and contributes to blade angle. Here, we characterize the stages of PLB and early ligule development in terms of topography, cell area, division orientation, cell wall rigidity and auxin response dynamics. Differential thickening of epidermal cells and localized periclinal divisions contributed to the formation of a ridge within the PLB, which ultimately produces the ligule fringe. Patterns in cell wall rigidity were consistent with the subdivision of the PLB into two regions along a distinct line positioned at the nascent ridge. The proximal region produces the ligule, while the distal region contributes to one epidermal face of the auricles. Although the auxin transporter PIN1 accumulated in the PLB, observed differential auxin transcriptional response did not underlie the partitioning of the PLB. Our data demonstrate that two zones with contrasting cellular properties, the preligule and preauricle, are specified within the ligular region before ligule outgrowth.
Wnt7b expressed by hypertrophic chondrocytes is a stimulatory factor for endochondral ossification that is regulated by Smad4 activity
Authors: Tsukamoto Sho , Kuratani Mai , Tanaka Shinya , Jimi Eijiro , Oda Hiromi , Katagiri Takenobu 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Endochondral ossification contributes to longitudinal skeletal growth. Osteoblasts, which are bone-forming cells, appear close to terminally differentiated hypertrophic chondrocytes during endochondral ossification. We established mice with conditional knockout (cKO) of Smad4, an essential co-activator for transforming growth factor β family signaling. The mice showed a marked increase in bone volume in the metaphysis as a result of increased bone formation by osteoblasts, in which β-catenin, an effector of canonical Wnt signaling, accumulated. We identified Wnt7b as a factor with increased expression in growth plate cartilage in Smad4 cKO mice. Wnt7b mRNA was expressed in differentiated chondrocytes and suppressed by BMP4 stimulation. Ablation of Wnt7b blunted the increase in bone in adult Smad4 cKO mice and reduced skeletal growth in juvenile mice. Overall, we conclude that Wnt7b is a crucial factor secreted from hypertrophic chondrocytes to initiate endochondral ossification. These results suggest that Smad4-dependent BMP signaling regulates the Wnt7b–β-catenin axis during endochondral ossification.
The Impact of Management on Clinical Performance: Evidence from Physician Practice Management Companies
Authors: La Forgia Ambar 
Published: August 2023

Mergers and acquisitions in healthcare are increasingly leading to changes in firm management. This paper studies how a change in firm management impacts clinical performance using data on an understudied phenomenon: medical practice acquisitions by physician practice management companies (PPMCs). PPMCs market themselves as offloading the administrative burden of running a medical practice without compromising physician autonomy over clinical decisions. However, a PPMC’s management strategy and practices, such as performance monitoring and financial incentives, could influence physician behavior. For example, some PPMCs advertise increasing revenue through better financial management, whereas others also advertise improving quality through better clinical management. In this paper, I collect data on three large PPMCs that manage the practices of more than 40% of obstetricians and gynecologists (Ob-Gyns) in Florida between 2006 and 2014. An Ob-Gyn’s main clinical decision in childbirth involves a tradeoff between financial and clinical outcomes: cesarean sections (C-sections) are often more highly reimbursed than vaginal births but pose risks to maternal and infant health when not medically necessary. Using difference-in-differences methods, I find heterogeneous effects on C-sections depending on a PPMC’s publicized management strategy. Physicians acquired by PPMCs that focus on financial management increase the use of C-sections, resulting in less clinically appropriate care and worse patient outcomes. The opposite result is found when PPMCs focus on clinical management. I provide qualitative and quantitative evidence that differences in firm management are the most likely driver of changes in C-sections. This paper informs how the corporatization of medicine can alter clinical performance outcomes. This paper was accepted by Stefan Scholtes, healthcare management. Funding: This project was supported by grants from the Agency for Healthcare Research (AHRQ), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and Wharton’s Mack Institute for Innovation [Mack Institute Research Fellowship]. The analysis was conducted using data from the State of Florida’s Agency for Healthcare Administration (AHCA). The content is solely the responsibility of the author and does not necessarily represent the official views of AHRQ, NSF, Mack Institute, or AHCA. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4571 .
Standardization of apple cancellation test for neglect patients in Korea: An observational study
Authors: Jang Woo-Hyuk , Jang Jong-Sik 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND
Neglect can be divided into two types using apple cancellation test (apple test): Egocentric neglect (EN) and allocentric neglect (AN). However, in South Korea, apple test results and decision criteria are still largely dependent on tests by foreign countries.
AIM
To establish a new South Korea standard and improve the accuracy of neglect assessment, the apple experiment was standardized in this study.
METHODS
This study was conducted on 223 healthy subjects for a total of 7 mo from August 2021 to February 2022. Standardization was carried out using the original apple test developed by Bickerton in 2011. In scoring for the apple test, total omission error refers to the number of missed targets (full apple) in the entire test sheet (left, middle, and right area). The score for EN is the difference between the cor-rect number of right area and the correct number of left area (excluding the middle area). For AN, the score is difference between the number of left opening apples and number of right opening apples (including the middle area). Linear regression analysis was used for standardization using the general characteristics of subjects and the results of the apple test.
RESULTS
The cut-off score, which is the standard value indicating the pathological condition by combining the results of all subjects, is as follows: Total omission error (5), error for EN (2), and error for AN (2). Also, differences in cut-off score according to age were found.
CONCLUSION
This study will be helpful in facilitating a more accurate differential diagnosis of neglect.
Acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in an adult female: A case report
Authors: Dass Lucinda , Pacia Alexandra Marie Malabanan , Hamidi Mahgol 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND
Acute liver injury (ALI) refers to inflammation of the hepatic parenchyma without hepatic encephalopathy that lasts less than 6 mo. When the etiology is unknown, Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Origin (AHUO) can present as a diagnostic and treatment challenge. AHUO in the adult population is unusual and poorly documented. It has an incidence between 11% and 75%. Currently, no treatment guidelines exist. With no identified cause, treatment is often blind, and the wrong treatment plan may have unintended consequences.
CASE SUMMARY
We present the case of a 58-year-old woman who presented to the emergency room for elevated liver function tests (LFTs). Her symptoms started 10 d prior to admission and included nausea, vomiting, jaundice, decreased appetite, weight loss of 10 lbs, and dark urine. She denied drinking alcohol or taking any hepatotoxic agents, including acetaminophen, statins, vitamins, or supplements. She was admitted to the hospital, and an etiologic work-up was carried out. Her initial bloodwork revealed elevated liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase 2500 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase 3159 U/L, and alkaline phosphatase 714 U/L) and elevated total bilirubin of 6.4 mg/dL. She tested negative for common infectious etiologies such as hepatotropic viruses A, B, C, and E. Further infective work-up revealed negative serology for cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus 1 & 2, and human immunodeficiency virus. Her autoantibody test results were negative, including anti-smooth muscle antibody, anti-mitochondrial antibody, and anti-liver kidney microsome 1 antibody. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography ruled out biliary causes of elevated LFTs, and her core liver biopsy proved inconclusive. Over the course of her hospital stay, the patient's LFTs improved with supportive care and without steroids.
CONCLUSION
Idiopathic hepatitis makes treatment challenging. It can leave patients feeling confused and unfulfilled. Thus, educating the patient thoroughly for shared decision-making and management becomes essential.
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach with neuroendocrine differentiation: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Fei He , Li Ze-Feng , Chen Ying-Tai , Zhao Dong-Bing 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND
Both hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) and neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) are rare histological subtypes of gastric cancer with unique clinicopathological features and unfavorable outcomes. HAS with NED is even rarer.
CASE SUMMARY
Here, we report a 61-year-old man with HAS with NED, as detected by gastric wall thickening by positron emission tomography/computed tomography for a pulmonary nodule. Distal gastrectomy was performed, and pathological examination led to the diagnosis of HAS with NED. However, liver metastases occurred 6 mo later despite adjuvant chemotherapy, and the patient died 27 mo postoperatively.
CONCLUSION
We treated a patient with HAS with NED who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy after radical surgery and still developed liver metastases. We first report the detailed processes of the treatment and development of HAS with NED, providing an important reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this condition.
Factors Mediating the Link Between Socioeconomic Status and Academic Outcomes of Children With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Wang Xichen , Wang Qianqian , Ma Minjie , Gu Zhengwei , Shi Yang , Wang Tingzhao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The study explores the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on the academic outcomes of children with intellectual disability (ID), and the role of parental participation and parental attitudes toward educational communicators in this process. A total of 305 children with ID from special needs schools and their parents and teachers in China completed the survey. A structural equation model was built to explore the relation between the factors. Results indicated SES not only positively predicts the academic outcomes, but also predicts academic outcomes through the chain mediation of parental participation and parental attitudes towards educational communicators. Findings show the robustness of the Family Investment Model in Chinese contexts. Moreover, the role of parental participation and parental attitudes towards educational communicators cannot be ignored.
Pharmacotherapy problems and associated factors among type 2 adult diabetic patients on follow up at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Welday Kahssay Semere , Demeke Nebeyi Fisseha 
Published: August 2023

Background
Over the past few decades, drug therapy problems (DTPs) have become a significant public health concern worldwide. DTPs in patients with diabetes are responsible for uncontrolled glycemia, disease worsening, early development of complications, high healthcare expenses, prolonged and recurrent hospitalizations, and mortality.

Objectives
This study aimed to identify the prevalence of drug therapy problems and determine the associated factors among patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus at a University Teaching Hospital in Southwest Ethiopia.

Methodology
Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between September and October 2022. Data were collected through medical record reviews and interviewer-administered structured questionnaires, which were then analyzed using SPSS version 26. Cipolle’s method was adapted for classification of DTPs. Bivariate followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between predictor variables and the outcome variable. P-value ≤ 0.05 was employed as a cut-off point to determine statistical significance.

Result
Among 117 participants, 172 drug therapy problems (DTPs) were identified, with an average of 1.47 DTPs per patient, and83 (70.9%) participants had at least one type of drug therapy problem. Of the seven DTPs identified, need additional drug therapy was the most common, 50 (42.7%), followed by non-compliance with medication, 45 (38.5%) and ineffective drug therapy, 25 (21.4%). Occupational status and comorbidity were factors that associated with the occurrence of DTPs. Farmers were approximately four times more likely to develop DTPs than housewives were (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.12–11.38, P = 0.03). The odds of drug therapy problems were twice as high in those with four comorbid conditions than in those without comorbidities (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI: 0.90–3.76, p = 0.02).

Conclusion
In the current study, the proportion of type 2 diabetes patients with drug therapy problems was high. This potentially lead to uncontrolled glycemia and early development of comorbid conditions, increasing morbidity and mortality rates. This could be attributed to the failure to effectively integrate clinical pharmacy services in different hospital wards, which is the case in virtually all hospitals in Ethiopia.
An optimized stator and rotor design of squirrel cage induction motor for EMU train
Authors: Luthfiyah Hilda , Qowiy Okghi Adam , Malakani Arga Iman , Arthanto Dwi Handoko , Setiawan Fauzi Dwi , Ramanel Teddy Anugrah , Putra Gilang Mantara , Kamar Syamsul , Suryandi Asep Andi 
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to objectively calculate the 480-kW squirrel cage induction motor (SCIM) design for the electric multiple unit (EMU) trains. This is done by optimizing the stator slot and rotor slot design to get efficiency and power factor targets. The stator slot design is achieved by limiting the width and height of the stator slot pitch according to the specified range. A depth-to-width ratio is used according to the range to optimize the design of the rotor bar slot. The design process of the induction motor consists of three steps: it determines the specification design target, calculates the specified parameters of the induction motor, and simulates the design to obtain the most optimal motor design using ANSYS Maxwell. The simulation performance values obtained an efficiency of 92.547 % and a power factor of 0.915. This value is obtained from the optimization of the rotor slot and has met the minimum requirements of efficiency and power factor in designing a SCIM. The design proposed in this paper can be developed and applied in the Indonesian domestic railway manufacturing industry.
Design and implementation of capacitor array as DC converters for electrical lighting in limited area
Authors: Jaya Arman , Irianto Irianto , Rahman Afif Aulia , Sung Kyungmin 
Published: August 2023

The widely used DC-DC converters are inductor-based DC-DC converters and inductors along with combustion. The use of inductors can lead to large power losses, as well as heavy components in real terms. The proposed converter warning array aims to increase the voltage with a large increase ratio through a switching configuration process. This switching method is very simple and uses two pulses that are opposite each other so that the array converter can work optimally, whose function is to adjust the arrangement in a parallel arrangement to a series arrangement. The advantage of using a device is that it makes DC-based DC conversion lightweight and easy to implement. Tests have been carried out on 5 hanger arrays with a power of 80 W and 65 W, and the data from the test results show that the voltage increase ratio reaches 81.5 % or 4.08 times the input voltage, which indicates that the array converter warning is able to increase the input voltage according to the number of the arrays.
Impact of road load parameters on vehicle CO₂ emissions and fuel economy: A case study in Indonesia
Authors: Sukra Kurnia Fajar Adhi , Priyanto Heru , Indriatmono Dedy , Wijayanto Muhamad Agus , Ikhsanudin Irfan Yahya , Ermansyah Yoga Akbar 
Published: August 2023

Carbon dioxide (CO2) contributes to the greenhouse effect and global warming. The Indonesian government has introduced a reduction in vehicle taxes based on the number of CO2 emissions, meaning that lower CO2 emissions result in lower tax rates. To measure the CO2 emissions, vehicle testing can be conducted on a chassis dynamometer using road load (R/L) parameters to assess the vehicle's loading during the test. The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UN ECE) Regulation no. 101 (R101) provides predefined table values for testing, but vehicle manufacturers can also provide their own R/L values, known as actual R/L. In this study, the vehicle underwent two tests: one using the R/L values from the standard table R101 and another using the actual R/L values provided by the manufacturer through coast-down results. By employing the actual R/L values, CO2 emissions can be reduced by up to 7.3 %. This reduction is achieved by lowering the vehicle's load by up to 17 % to enable optimal vehicle performance. Additionally, there is a potential improvement in fuel economy of up to 7.9 % for vehicles. These findings can serve as a reference for establishing future standard testing procedures.
Characterization of Thorium-bearing Minerals Using Micro-XRF in Metamorphic Rocks of Harau, West Sumatera
Authors: Adimedha Tyto Baskara , Syaeful Heri , Indrastomo Frederikus Dian , Ngadenin Ngadenin , Draniswari Windi Anarta 
Published: August 2023

In 1974, BATAN conducted a survey to review the potential of radioactive minerals in Harau, West Sumatra. The survey shows that there are radiometric anomalies in several locations in the area. However, the survey has not been able to show the radioactive elements and minerals found in Harau. This study aims to identify and characterize radioactive elements and minerals in Harau. To prove that detailed geological mapping, radiometric mapping with Gamma Spectrometer RS-125, and analysis using Micro-XRF "M4 Tornado Plus®". The results of geological and radiometric mapping show that there are high thorium contents in the metamorphic rocks of the Kuantan Formation reaching 2300 ppm eTh. Identification of thorium-bearing minerals using a micro-XRF instrument resulted in thorium-bearing minerals found in the Harau area are thorite (ThSiO4), yttrialite (YThSi2O7), and monazite ((Ce,Nd,Th)PO4) with thorium levels within 2.75 - 42.75% ThO2 but experiencing a significant increase in Fe. In principle, micro-XRF analysis can identify minerals well, but this analysis can be supported by other analyzes so that it can provide much more precise results. This research is expected to provide information about the occurrences of thorium-bearing minerals in Harau, West Sumatera.
Impaired cardiac glycolysis and glycogen depletion are linked to poor myocardial outcomes in juvenile male swine with metabolic syndrome and ischemia
Authors: Broadwin Mark , Harris Dwight D. , Sabe Sharif A. , Sengun Elif , Sylvestre Amber J. , Alexandrov Boian S. , Sellke Frank W. , Usheva Anny 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObesity continues to rise in the juveniles and obese children are more likely to develop metabolic syndrome (MetS) and related cardiovascular disease. Unfortunately, effective prevention and long‐term treatment options remain limited. We determined the juvenile cardiac response to MetS in a swine model. Juvenile male swine were fed either an obesogenic diet, to induce MetS, or a lean diet, as a control (LD). Myocardial ischemia was induced with surgically placed ameroid constrictor on the left circumflex artery. Physiological data were recorded and at 22 weeks of age the animals underwent a terminal harvest procedure and myocardial tissue was extracted for total metabolic and proteomic LC/MS–MS, RNA‐seq analysis, and data underwent nonnegative matrix factorization for metabolic signatures. Significantly altered in MetS versus. LD were the glycolysis‐related metabolites and enzymes. In MetS compared with LD Glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1)‐glycogen phosphorylases (PYGM/PYGL) expression disbalance resulted in a loss of myocardial glycogen. Our findings are consistent with the concept that transcriptionally driven myocardial changes in glycogen and glucose metabolism‐related enzymes lead to a deficiency of their metabolite products in MetS. This abnormal energy metabolism provides insight into the pathogenesis of the juvenile heart in MetS. This study reveals that MetS and ischemia diminishes ATP availability in the myocardium via altering the glucose‐G6P‐pyruvate axis at the level of metabolites and gene expression of related enzymes. The observed severe glycogen depletion in MetS coincides with disbalance in expression of GYS1 and both PYGM and PYGL. This altered energy substrate metabolism is a potential target of pharmacological agents for improving juvenile myocardial function in MetS and ischemia.
Immersive 360°-Lernressourcen als Werkzeuge in der protoberuflichen Bildung
Authors: Wand Lorenza , Tiepmar Jonas 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Kooperation zwischen der Sächsischen Landesbibliothek – Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek (SLUB) mit dem Fach Wirtschaft, Technik und Haushalt/Soziales (WTH/S) an der Technischen Universität Dresden verdeutlicht sich besonders durch Projekte mit dem in der SLUB integrierten SLUB Makerspace. Im realen Lernraum profitieren beide Partner:innen intensiv in technischen Bereichen, wie bspw. Kunststoff- und Holztechnik, von der technischen Ausstattung und der Expertise der Mitarbeitenden. Die Schnittstellen in der Zusammenarbeit basieren auf den vergleichbaren Prinzipien des SLUB Makerspace und des Fachs WTH/S sowie der Fachdidaktik. Dieser Text zeigt die Weiterentwicklung beider Strukturen als Produzenten von Wissen aus dem realen Raum hin zu einer Form der Virtualität. Der Fokus dieses Textes liegt auf der Präsentation der Ergebnisse einer Zusammenarbeit zur Erzeugung von immersiven 360°-Lernressourcen für die akademische und protoberufliche Bildung. Diese zeigen beispielhaft, wie sich die Aneignung von Wissen aus dem physischen in den digitalen Raum transferieren lässt.
Komplexe räumliche Systeme: Bibliotheksräume im digitalen Zeitalter
Authors: Pointner Johannes 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Durch die digitale Technologisierung von Räumen sind Bibliotheken als räumliche Strukturen mit sich dynamisch verändernden Bedingungen konfrontiert. Mit der damit einhergehenden Wahrnehmung komplexer werdender Räume soll eine terminologische Annäherung zwischen dem Komplexitäts- und dem Raumbegriff vorgenommen werden, um in weiterer Folge die Wissens- und Interaktionsräume der Bibliothek als komplexe räumliche Systeme zu definieren. Dabei geht es nicht um eine bloße Bestandsaufnahme bzw. Analyse vorherrschender Raumvorstellungen in Bezug auf Bibliotheksräume, sondern vielmehr um die Skizzierung eines theoretisch fundierten, architektonischen Entwurfsansatzes, der die heutige technologische Realität in ihrer paradigmatischen Dimension einbezieht.