bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain relief after major ankle and hindfoot surgery with repetitive peripheral nerve blocks: A feasibility study
Authors: Hannig Kjartan E. , Hauritz Rasmus W. , Bjørn Siska , Jensen Hanne Irene , Henriksen Claus W. , Jessen Christian , Bendtsen Thomas F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMajor ankle and hindfoot surgery (e.g., ankle, triple and subtalar arthrodesis) typically causes severe postoperative pain, especially the first two postoperative days. Current modalities of postoperative analgesic treatment often include continuous peripheral nerve blocks of the saphenous and sciatic nerves via catheters in order to extend the duration of pain‐ and opioid‐free nerve blockade to 48 h. Unfortunately, the 48 h‐efficacy of continuous infusion via a catheter is reduced by a high displacement rate. We hypothesised that one‐time repetition of the single injection peripheral nerve blocks would provide effective analgesia with a low opioid consumption the first 48 postoperative hours.MethodsEleven subjects preoperatively received a popliteal sciatic and a saphenous single injection nerve block with a protracted local anaesthetic mixture. Surgery was performed under general anaesthesia. The one‐time repetition of the single injection nerve block was carried out approximately 24 h after the primary nerve block. The main outcomes were pain and cumulative opioid consumption during the first 48 postoperative hours.ResultsNine of the 11 (82%) patients had effective analgesia without opioids during the first 48 postoperative hours. Two patients each required a single dose of 7.5 mg of oral morphine equivalents after 43 h.ConclusionOne‐time repetition of single injection saphenous and sciatic nerve blocks consistently provided effective analgesia practically without opioids for 48 h after major elective ankle and hindfoot surgery.
Role of OTC options in stock price efficiency: Evidence from the Chinese market
Authors: Zhou Yaping , Diao Xundi , Lv Dayong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe examine the effect of Chinese OTC equity options on the underlying stock information efficiency by using the standardisation of the OTC options market as an exogenous event. The results show that, due to the tight short‐sale constraints, the introduction of OTC stock options can widen the divergence of opinion about the stock price, and thus reduce the price efficiency. The significantly lower margin‐debt ratio exhibited by optioned stocks supports the argument that OTC stock options act as a substitute for margin trading. Further analysis reveals that optioned stocks are more speculative, but there is no significant change in liquidity.
Spatial distribution of saproxylic beetles on trunks of standing Scots pine trees
Authors: Foit J. , Čermák V. , Kudláček T. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The spatial distribution of saproxylic beetles landing and climbing stems of 12 grown and healthy Scots pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) was examined in detail during a 3‐year trial. The beetles were sampled using sticky traps attached to the tree trunk at three tree parts (i.e., the trunk base, middle part of the trunk, and trunk in crown). Each tree part was sampled using two sticky traps facing opposite cardinal directions (north and south).
In total, 4063 individuals representing 169 taxa of saproxylic beetles were yielded in the 1405 obtained samples.
Remarkable interstrata diversification of saproxylic beetle assemblages reflecting distribution of breeding substrates in the forest stand was observed. Overall, species richness decreased considerably from the trunk base to the crown, with intermediate values for the middle part of the trunk. However, the abundance of mycetophages and saproxylophages decreased from the trunk base to the crown, with xylophages being the most abundant in the tree crown.
The cardinal direction exhibited overall weak effects on abundance, species richness, and composition, but the occurrence of a few particular species was significantly associated with the south (13 species) or north (3 species) facing part of the trunk.
Our results suggest that primary attraction and random landing strategies are combined during the substrate selection by many species.
High variability in the importance of the studied explanatory variables was observed among taxa, which shows how the species composition recorded in any study might alter its general outcomes.
Long‐term follow‐up of laser trabeculoplasty in multi‐treated glaucoma patients
Authors: Rasmuson Erika , Bengtsson Boel , Lindén Christina , Heijl Anders , Aspberg Johan , Andersson‐Geimer Sabina , Jóhannesson Gauti 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the long‐term effect of laser trabeculoplasty (LTP) in patients randomized to multi‐treatment in the Glaucoma Intensive Treatment Study (GITS).MethodsPatients with untreated newly diagnosed open‐angle glaucoma were treated with three intraocular pressure (IOP)‐lowering substances for 1 week and then 360° argon or selective LTP was performed. IOP was measured just before LTP and repeatedly during the 60‐month study period. Our previous report on 12 months follow‐up data revealed no effect of LTP in eyes having an IOP <15 mmHg before the laser treatment.ResultsBefore LTP, the mean IOP ± standard deviation in all 152 study‐eyes of 122 multi‐treated patients was 14.0 ± 3.5 mmHg. Three eyes of three deceased patients were lost to follow‐up during the 60 months. After exclusion of eyes that received increased therapy during follow‐up, the IOP was significantly reduced at all visits up to 48 months in eyes with pre‐LTP IOP ≥15 mmHg; 2.6 ± 3.1 mmHg at 1 month and 1.7 ± 2.8 mmHg at 48 months, n = 56 and 48, respectively. No significant IOP reduction was seen in eyes with pre‐LTP IOP <15 mmHg. Seven eyes, i.e., <13%, with pre‐LTP IOP ≥15 mmHg at baseline had required increased IOP‐lowering therapy at 48 months.ConclusionLTP performed in multi‐treated patients may provide a useful IOP reduction that is maintained over several years. This was true on a group level when the initial IOP was ≥15 mmHg, but if the pre‐laser IOP was lower than that, chances of LTP success were small.
Exploration of the barriers and enablers of benzodiazepines deprescribing in prisons: A qualitative study among health and social care professionals
Authors: Fay Clothilde , Bonsergent Marion , Saillard Justine , Huon Jean‐François , Prot‐Labarthe Sonia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prison environment is a place of high consumption of benzodiazepines (BZDs) due to the anxiety and sleep disturbances, mental disorders, detoxification and trafficking.ObjectiveThe study aims to explore experiences of health and social care professionals on the use of BZDs in prisons, as well as the barriers and enablers to their deprescribing.MethodSemistructured individual interviews with professionals working in a prison setting were performed between March and April 2022, based on an interview guide. They were recorded and transcribed using the NVivo software. A qualitative analysis using an inductive approach based on a thematic analysis was performed.ResultsSixteen health professionals were interviewed, including psychiatrists, general practitioners, nurses, pharmacists, psychologists, musicologists and pharmacy technicians. The identified barriers to deprescribing BZDs were problems of coordination between prescribers, lack of time and alternatives. Concerning the enablers, therapeutic education groups, staff's awareness of the irrelevance of some medication and multi‐professional advice were identified.DiscussionThis study highlights the similarities in deprescribing difficulties between prison and other settings. Some of the levers identified in our study have shown their effectiveness in different settings.ConclusionDeprescribing is done most of the time in good conditions but requires an additional delay compared to the outside environment.
A Stochastic Block Ising Model for Multi-Layer Networks with Inter-Layer Dependence
Authors: Zhang Jingnan , Li Chengye , Wang Junhui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCommunity detection has attracted tremendous interests in network analysis, which aims at finding group of nodes with similar characteristics. Various detection methods have been developed to detect homogeneous communities in multi-layer networks, where inter-layer dependence is a widely acknowledged but severely under-investigated issue. In this paper, we propose a novel stochastic block Ising model (SBIM) to incorporate the inter-layer dependence to help with community detection in multi-layer networks. The community structure is modeled by the stochastic block model (SBM) and the inter-layer dependence is incorporated via the popular Ising model. Furthermore, we develop an efficient variational EM algorithm to tackle the resultant optimization task and establish the asymptotic consistency of the proposed method. Extensive simulated examples and a real example on gene co-expression multi-layer network data are also provided to demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method.
Insufficient GDF15 expression predisposes women to unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss by impairing extravillous trophoblast invasion
Authors: Lyu Chunzi , Ni Tianxiang , Guo Yaqiu , Zhou Tingting , Chen Zi‐Jiang , Yan Junhao , Li Yan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInsufficient extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion during early placentation has been shown to contribute to recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). However, the regulatory factors involved and their involvement in RPL pathogenesis remain unknown. Here, we found aberrantly decreased growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) levels in both first‐trimester villous and serum samples of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL) patients as compared with normal pregnancies. Moreover, GDF15 knockdown significantly reduced the invasiveness of both HTR‐8/SVneo cells and primary human EVT cells and suppressed the Jagged‐1 (JAG1)/NOTCH3/HES1 pathway activity, and JAG1 overexpression rescued the invasion phenotype of the GDF15 knockdown cells. Induction of a lipopolysaccharide‐induced abortion model in mice resulted in significantly reduced GDF15 level in the placenta and serum, as well as increased rates of embryonic resorption, and these effects were reversed by administration of recombinant GDF15. Our study thus demonstrates that insufficient GDF15 level at the first‐trimester maternal–foetal interface contribute to the pathogenesis of URPL by impairing EVT invasion and suppressing JAG1/NOTCH3/HES1 pathway activity, and suggests that supplementation with GDF15 could benefit early pregnancy maintenance and reduce the risk of early pregnancy.
Association between lower limb spasticity and cryptorchidism in males with cerebral palsy
Authors: Bortnick Eric M. , Logvinenko Tanya , Wang Hsin‐Hsiao Scott , Fogelman David J. , Shore Benjamin J. , Nelson Caleb P. , Kurtz Michael P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the association between presence and severity of lower limb spasticity (LLS) and risk of orchidopexy for cryptorchidism among people with cerebral palsy (CP) and to further define the cremasteric muscle spasticity theory.MethodWe queried the Pediatric Health Information System database for male patients with CP, stratified patients into those with/without LLS, and compared groups for orchidopexy occurrence. Comparative statistics were performed using χ2 and Mann–Whitney U tests for categorical and continuous variables respectively. The association between orchidopexy and spasticity type was investigated using logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 44 561 males with CP were identified. Of these, 1.6% underwent orchidopexy (median age: 7 years 8 months [interquartile range: 4 years 6 months–11 years 4 months]). LLS presence was significantly associated with higher orchidopexy rate compared to spasticity absence (odds ratio [OR] = 1.33 [1.10–1.59], p = 0.003). Among 7134 patients with LLS, intervention was significantly associated with higher orchidopexy rate (injection procedures: OR = 2.47 [2.27–6.39], p = 0.034; surgical procedure: OR = 2.60 [1.22–6.76], p = 0.026). LLS groin proximity was significantly associated with higher orchidopexy rate (OR = 2.52 [1.42–4.96], p = 0.003).InterpretationA strong association exists between LLS presence and severity and orchidopexy risk among people with CP. These findings support a cremasteric spasticity hypothesis as an important factor of cryptorchidism in CP. Providers should continue to examine for cryptorchidism in males with CP as they age.What this paper adds

Lower limb spasticity (LLS) is associated with higher orchidopexy rate in cerebral palsy.
Orchidopexy rate was higher in more severe LLS.
Orchidopexy rate was higher in more proximal LLS.
Policy uncertainty and inventory behavior: Evidence from the US manufacturing sector
Authors: Lu Chun , Routledge James , Chan Kam C. , Li Tongxia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on asymmetric inventory investment (i.e., inventory stickiness or sticky inventory management). Using a sample of 74,912 US firm‐year observations over the 1984–2021 period, we observe a significantly negative relationship between EPU and asymmetric inventory investment. Our cross‐sectional analyses reveal that managers' pessimistic expectations regarding future demand and higher cost of funding and maintaining capacity are the channels through which EPU affects asymmetric inventory behavior. Moreover, this negative impact is more pronounced for firms that face longer‐duration uncertainty, rely heavily on government purchases, and have higher firm‐specific political risk. Lastly, we find that reducing inventory stickiness leads to improved firm performance during periods of increasing policy uncertainty.
Attorneys, tell your clients to think before they post: Social media data may influence how evaluators view their parental fitness
Authors: Jones Ashley C. T. , Batastini Ashley B. , Vitacco Michael J. , Standridge Rheanna L. , Knuth Sean B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInformation from social media is used in evaluations of parental fitness with some regularity. Yet, research is lacking on perceptions of this information and no research has examined how social media data impacts forensic evaluators' opinions related to parental fitness. This study compared forensic evaluators' perceptions of data trustworthiness, usefulness, and initial opinion of parental fitness in a fictitious case in which parental fitness was questioned. Perceptions of a parent's behavior were compared across two types of data in which it was presented (an Instagram post or a medical record note) and across genders of the parent (mother or father) being hypothetically evaluated. As hypothesized, information documented on social media was viewed more critically than information documented by a healthcare provider. Further, information primarily referencing the father in the case was viewed as less trustworthy than information referencing the mother, which appeared influenced by evaluators' identified self‐reported sexist attitudes. Results suggest that family law attorneys, regardless of which parent they are representing, should advise their clients of the risks to using social media.
State of the Practice Worldwide: Complex Installation for In Situ Thermal Remediation Beneath an Active Manufacturing Facility
Authors: Heron Gorm , Thomas Chris , Crownover Chad , Glass Robert , Crisp Gregory , Kennington Bruce S. , Tarmann Scott , Hidalgo Luis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn situ thermal remediation (ISTR) was used to treat a vadose‐zone source of trichloroethylene present at depths of 60 to 125 ft. below an occupied building at an active manufacturing facility. ISTR required innovative methods to install 135 steel casings from inside the building that included access limitations, space constraints that required angled borings and pre‐modeling of rig mast positions, control measures to manage exhaust from up to four drill rigs operating simultaneously, adjustments to heater wiring to limit temperatures in shallow soils leading to indoor air heating and potential for vapor intrusion, and ensure proper positioning and trajectory of closely spaced heaters. The installed heater casings were surveyed using a Devi‐Flex™ tool to monitor heater placement in casings that ranged from 87 to 196 ft. at angles between 90° and 30° from horizontal and periodically had to compensate for deflections caused by cobbles and boulders. Additional casings were installed to ensure adequate heater spacings in cases where deviations exceeded design parameters. ISTR was conducted using custom‐built thermal conduction heaters designed to minimize heat output in the shallow vadose zone and inside the building while temperatures in the lower vadose zone were maintained near boiling. Cables, vapor extraction pipes, and exhaust ducts were routed overhead and through the building roof to minimize disturbance to manufacturing operations. To expedite remediation, three groups of heaters and vapor recovery wells were installed and operated in overlapping periods. The major challenges and solutions for ISTR design, construction, and operation are presented. Operations and remedial results are covered in a companion paper.
Optical In Situ Monitoring of Acid Mine Drainage Remediation: Laboratory and Model Investigation
Authors: Reuß Maximilian , Oswald Sascha E. , Munz Matthias , Kumke Michael U. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA permeable reactive barrier (PRB) can be deployed to remediate acid mine drainage. The performance of a PRB material under different boundary conditions (pH, flow velocity, and sulfate concentration) was investigated in a series of column experiments applying in‐situ optical sensing methods for pH and oxygen detection. The reactive material consisted of organic components (compost, wood, and coconut shell) mixed with calcium carbonate and fine gravel. The input concentrations were around 1000 mg/L for iron and 3000 mg/L for sulfate, and the pH value was 6.2. The remediation efficiency of iron was 14.6% and of sulfate 15.2%, but was expected to scale up when moving to a field‐site PRB with greater thickness. The iron and sulfate removal was influenced by decreasing the flow velocity and increasing the sulfate input concentration and the pH value. In an experiment with low pH boundary conditions (pH = 2.2), acidity was neutralized in the PRB by calcium carbonate during an experiment duration of 47 days. The modeling program MIN3P was used to create a simulation of the laboratory experiments. This helps to design parameters, for example, the residence time in the PRB, which is necessary for close to 100% remediation efficiency. This study shows the application of optical oxygen and pH monitoring in PRBs. In this context, they can be used to monitor the stability of a PRB for the remediation of acid mine drainage (AMD).
Microencapsulation of strawberry juice in Agave angustifolia fructans: effect of spray‐drying conditions on the anthocyanin content and physicochemical properties
Authors: Santiago‐García Patricia Araceli , León‐Martínez Frank Manuel , Gutiérrez Miguel Chávez , Aguirre‐Loredo Rocio Yaneli , Santiago‐Urbina Jorge Alejandro , Soto‐Castro Delia 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThe searching of alternative products that help reduce sugar consumption is a recurring objective due to the high number of overweight people in the world. The spray drying process of natural strawberry juice (SWJ) was evaluated using Agave angustifolia fructans as an encapsulating agent. Five fructan concentrations and three drying conditions were evaluated. The microcapsules obtained were characterised by anthocyanins content (UVvis), moisture percentage, hygroscopicity, colour, Tg, morphology (light scattering and SEM) and FTIR. Considering a recovery yield above 50%, the inlet/outlet temperatures of 180/90–95 °C and 15% of fructans were the conditions to obtain the powders with a hygroscopicity of 31%, anthocyanin retention of 84% and the highest Tg (54 °C). FTIR spectra and SEM evidenced that fructans can act as a homogeneous encapsulating matrix of SWJ. Therefore A. angustifolia fructans can be an alternative of low‐caloric power for the encapsulation of SWJ through spray.
Who's minding the children: Gender equity in the first 2 years of the pandemic
Authors: Marlo Joseph , Scott Marc A. , Weinberg Sharon L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe wholesale changes brought about by the COVID‐19 pandemic to men and women's paid work arrangements and work–family balance provide a natural experiment for testing the common elements of two theories, needs exposure (Schafer et al. Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue Canadienne De Sociologie, 57(4);2020:523–549) and parental proximity (Sullivan et al. Family Theory & Review, 2018;10(1):263–279) against a third theory also suggested by Schafer et al. (2020), and labelled in this article, entrenchment/exacerbation of gender inequality. Both needs exposure and parental proximity suggest that by being home because of the pandemic, in proximity to their children, fathers are exposed to new and enduring family needs, which may move them toward more equal sharing in childcare and other domestic responsibilities. By contrast to studies that have tested such theories using retrospective, self‐report survey data over a 2‐year period, we analyse more than a decade of time‐use diary data from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) that covers the first 2 years of the pandemic. We model the secular and quarterly trends to predict what would have occurred in the absence of the pandemic, contrasting this to what indeed happened. Our analyses consider aggregate and individual impacts, using methods of sequence analysis, clustering, and matching. Among our results, we find that the division of childcare responsibilities did not become more equitable during the pandemic. Suggestions for future research are provided as are suggestions for the implementation of social policies that could influence greater gender equity in unpaid work and childcare.