bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Non-O157 Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli isolates from clinical and environmental sources
Authors: Bahgat Omnia T. , Rizk Dina E. , Kenawy Hany I. , Barwa Rasha F. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157 is implicated in serious food and water-borne diseases as hemorrhagic colitis (HC), and the potentially fatal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). However, new players of non-O157 EHEC have been implicated in serious infections worldwide. This work aims at analyzing serotype and genotypic-based virulence profile of EHEC local isolates.
Methods: A total of 335 samples from various clinical and environmental sources in Egypt. E. coli were isolated and subjected to serotyping. Non-O157 EHEC were subjected to PCR to detect virulence genes, phenotypic examination, phylogenetic typing, and molecular investigation by ERIC typing and MLST to disclose genetic relatedness of isolates. A heat map was used to identify potential associations between the origin of the isolates and their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics.
Results: A total of 105 out of 335 isolates were identified as E. coli. Surprisingly, 49.5% of these isolates were EHEC, where O111, O91, O26 and O55 were the most prevalent serotypes including 38.46% from stool, 21.15% urine, 23.1% cheese, 9.62% meat products, 3.85% from both yogurt and sewage water. Screening 15 different virulence genes revealed that sheA, stx2 and eaeA were the most prevalent with abundance rates of 85%, 75% and 36%, respectively. Fifteen profiles of virulence gene association were identified, where the most abundant one was stx2/sheA(19%) followed by stx2/stx2g/sheA/eae (11.5%). Both stx2/sheA/eae and stx2/stx2g/sheA were equally distributed in 9.6% of total isolates. Phylogenetic typing revealed that pathogenic phylogroups B2 and D were detected among clinical isolates only. Forty-six different patterns were detected by ERIC genotyping. MLST resolved three sequence types of ST70, ST120 and ST394. The heat map showed that 21 isolates were of 70% similarity, 9 groups were of 100% clonality.
Conclusions: The prevalence of non-O157 EHEC pathotype was marginally higher among the environmental isolates compared to the clinical ones. The endemic ST120 was detected in cheese, necessitating crucial measures to prevent the spread of this clone. Clinical EHEC isolates exhibited a higher score and combination of virulence genes compared to environmental isolates, thereby posing a significant public health concern due to limited treatment options.
Tea Consumption and Ovarian Cancer Risk in European and East Asian Population: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wang Lili , Xing Tongyu , Liu Wei , Zhou Jingjing , Geng Wei , Dai Hongji , Zhao Yanrui , Huang Caiyun , Li Ding , Chen Kexin , Zheng Hong , Li Lian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The association between tea consumption and ovarian cancer (OC) risk has been reported in several epidemiology studies. However, the results were inconsistent and the causal relationship remains unclear. To explore the causal relationship between tea consumption and OC risk, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods
MR analysis was conducted using two published genome wide association studies (GWASs) (25,509 cases and 40,941 controls of European population and 3,238 cases and 4,083 controls of East Asian population) and in house GWAS (2,147 OC cases and 3,179 controls of Chinese population) by inverse variance-weighted, weighted median, and MR-Egger methods. Genetic instruments of 233 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for European population, 382 SNPs for East Asian population, and 172 SNPs for Chinese population were created.
Results
We identified that tea consumption has protective effect against overall OC in European population (OR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.90–0.99, P = 2.65E-02) and Chinese population (OR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.92-1.00, P = 3.63E-02). When stratified by histological subtype, we found that tea consumption was significantly associated with the risk of Serous OC in European (OR = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.88–0.98, P = 4.86E-03), East Asian (OR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.92–0.99, P = 9.87E-03), and Chinese (OR = 0.94, 95%CI: 0.90–0.99, P = 1.69E-02) population. In European population, there was a reduced risk of ovarian tumors of low malignant potential (OR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.81-1.00, P = 4.59E-02), but an increased risk of Endometrioid OC (OR = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.03–1.27, P = 1.12E-02).
Conclusion
Our study suggested that there might be a causal relationship between tea consumption and OC risk in both European and East Asian populations and also may provide the evidence for cancer prevention and control.
Axial elongation after stopping 0.01% atropine in combined orthokeratology lens with 0.01% atropine: a two-year randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial
Authors: Yu Shiao , Gao Shasha , Sun Guangli , Pang Xuena , Li Xiuhong , Li Binbin , Wang Ming , Ma Nana , Huang Congcong , Fu Aicun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To evaluate axial elongation after stopping 0.01% atropine in combined orthokeratology (OK) lens with 0.01% atropine eye drops in schoolchildren with myopia. Sixty children aged 8–12 years with spherical equivalent refraction from -1.00D to -4.00D in both eyes were enrolled in this randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. Children who had been wearing OK lenses for 2 months were randomly assigned into combination group (combination of OK lens and 0.01% atropine) for 1 year followed by control group (combination of OK lens and placebo) for another 1 year or vice versa. The primary outcome was changes in axial length (AL). Data of right eyes were analyzed. The mean axial elongation difference between combination and control groups was 0.10 mm in the first year (0.10±0.13 mm vs. 0.20±0.15 mm; p =0.01), and 0.09 mm in the second year (0.22±0.10 mm vs. 0.13 ±0.14 mm; p =0.01), respectively. The mean axial elongation difference of two groups in the first year was similar to that in the second year during the cross-over treatment. Changes in AL in control group in the second year was similar to that in the first year. Over two years, the mean axial elongation was 0.32±0.13 mm and 0.33±0.15 mm in the combination first and control first groups, respectively (p=0.80).
Conclusions: In central Mainland China in myopic children, there was no rebound effect after withdrawal 0.01% atropine in the combined OK lens with 0.01% atropine in the two consecutive 1-year observation period.
Trial registration: This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration number: ChiCTR2000033904). Registered 16 Jun 2020.
Research on UPQC Harmonic Control Strategy Based on Optimized QPIR Controller of Beetle Antennae Search Algorithm in Microgrid
Authors: Jian Hu , Fuyin NI 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
It is difficult to achieve low-order harmonic tracking control without static difference when PI control is used in unified p-ower quality conditioner (UPQC). What’s more, the traditional PI parameter trial method has the problems such as low accuracy and anti-interference to meet the needs of real time control. Aiming at this issue, this paper proposes a UPQC harmonic control method based on the beetle antennae search (BAS) algorithm to optimize the parameters of quasi-proportional integral resonance (QPIR) controller. The harmonic current is detected by the ip-iq method based on the instantaneous power theory, and the detected signal is input to the QPIR controller. The controller parameters are optimized by the BAS algorithm to improve the dynamic response performance and control accuracy of the UPQC. Then use the MATLAB/Simulink software platform to build UPQC simulation models for PV and wind microgrids. Finally, the simulation comparison is verified between the optimized QPIR controller strategy based on by BAS method and PI control strategy based on neural network algorithm (NNA)respectively. The results show that use QPIR controller optimized through the beetle antennae search (BAS) method is more accurate and resistant to interference. So, the proposed UPQC control strategy has innovation and feasibility, and it can be applied in the practical engineering.
A dynamic online nomogram to predict match outcome in the UEFA Champions League: more than meets the eye
Authors: Zhang Shaoliang , Hu Jianyang , Yi Qing , Deng Ke , Wang Haifeng , Lago Carlos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Recently, the application of interdisciplinary research methods to sports performance analysis has become a clear trend. These methods can enhance analytical techniques and provide a deeper understanding of the matching outcome.Purpose This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model to predict match outcomes by transferring an analytical technique common to modern medicine to sports performance analysis. We would like to identify whether interdisciplinary research methods are applicable to predicting match outcomes based on historical data and what factors may affect match outcomesMethods A nomogram was generated based on lasso-logistic regression analysis to identify the potential predictors associated with match outcomes. The predictive model was built based on a nomogram, and its performance was evaluated for discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility.Results The nomogram is an effective tool for predicting match outcomes in elite soccer, owing to its higher overall performance, discrimination, and calibration of the current model. Meanwhile, the current predictive model also highlights that counterattacks, shots on target, long balls, short passes, and fouls are positively associated with match outcomes, whereas crosses and yellow cards are negatively associated with match outcomes in the UEFA champion league. A nomogram with these variables had good predictive accuracy (Brier score: 0.21, calibration slope: 1.05, c-index: 0.84)Conclusion The nomogram model showed a good predictive accuracy and discriminatory ability. The current predictive model also highlighted that counterattacks, shots on target, long balls, short passes, and fouls are positively associated with match outcomes whereas crosses and yellow cards are negatively associated with match outcomes in elite soccer. Therefore, a nomogram may be an effective tool for analyzing soccer matches. More visualization of predicting match outcome can be checked on this website (https://athletic-performance-and-data-science-lab.shinyapps.io/DynNomapp/)
Identification of Co-Expressed Central Genes and Transcription Factors in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Li Bo , Zhao Xu , Xie Wanrun , Hong Zhenzhen , Cao Ye , Zhang Yi , Ding Yan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) are common clinical co-morbidities, but they are challenging to manage and have poor prognoses. There is no research on the bioinformatics mechanisms of comorbidity, and this study aims to investigate such mechanisms.
Methods We downloaded the AMI data (GSE66360) and DN datasets (GSE30528 and GSE30529) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) platform. The GSE66360 dataset was divided into two parts: the training set and the validation set, and GSE30529 was used as the training set and GSE30528 as the validation set. After identifying the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in AMI and DN in the training set, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction were performed. A sub-network graph was constructed by MCODE, and 15 hub genes were screened by the Cytohubba plugin. The screened hub genes were validated, and the 15 screened hub genes were subjected to GO, KEGG, Gene MANIA analysis, and transcription factor (TF) prediction. Finally, we performed TF differential analysis, enrichment analysis, and TF and gene regulatory network construction.
Results A total of 46 genes (43 up-regulated and 3 down-regulated) were identified for subsequent analysis. GO functional analysis emphasized the presence of genes mainly in the vesicle membrane and secretory granule membrane involved in antigen processing and presentation, lipopeptide binding, NAD+ nucleosidase activity, and Toll-like receptor binding. The KEGG pathways analyzed were mainly in the phagosome, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, apoptosis, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Eight co-expressed hub genes were identified and validated, namely TLR2, FCER1G, CD163, CTSS, CLEC4A, IGSF6, NCF2, and MS4A6A. Three transcription factors were identified and validated in AMI, namely NFKB1, HIF1A, and SPI1.
Conclusions Our study reveals the common pathogenesis of AMI and DN. These common pathways and hub genes may provide new ideas for further mechanistic studies.
The Outcome of the Retrosigmoid approach in the Vestibular Schwannomas decompression, A Retrospective Cohort Study of 60 consecutive cases
Authors: KADRI Hassan , Khoulani . Nour , Abouharb Raed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction Vestibular schwannomas are common tumors of the vestibulocochlear nerve, accounting for 75–90% of cerebellopontine angle masses. They typically present as adult-onset hearing loss or tinnitus and can also cause mass effect symptoms. They are usually benign and arise from the vestibular nerve. The aim of this study to revisit again the outcome of the surgical removal of this tumor when it was performed by retro sigmoid approachMaterial and Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 60 patients with vestibular nerve sheath tumors who underwent surgery between 2016 and 2019. The study evaluated age, gender, symptoms, tumor size, surgery period, complications, and mortality. Facial and auditory functions were assessed using approved criteria. MRI was done before and after surgery, and during follow-up. The study followed up with patients for 6 months to 3 years and compared results with international studies.Results In our study, we found that 80% of patients experienced hearing loss, with the majority of cases being progressive. The size of the tumor was found to be the most important prognostic factor for predicting the audiological outcome of surgery. Additionally, facial weakness was evident in 10% of patients preoperatively, and after surgery, 10% of patients had poor to no function of the facial nerve. This was not linked to tumor size but rather to the extent of resection. Tinnitus was found to occur more frequently in patients with larger tumors, while headaches were more common in patients with larger tumors both before and after surgery. Patients generally showed an improvement in balance disorder after surgery, with greater benefit observed in those with larger tumors. In terms of functional recovery, 41.67% of patients regained their previous activity in less than 4 months, while 25% regained their activity between 4–12 months, and 33.33% did not regain their previous activity before surgery. Finally, we observed a low mortality rate of 0.6% in our study, with two out of 60 patients passing away after surgery.Conclusion In summary, a retrospective analysis of 60 vestibular schwannoma cases treated by retrosigmoidal surgery revealed potential complications such as a decline in facial nerve function, tinnitus in larger tumors, and headaches both before and after surgery. However, there was an improvement in balance disorder post-surgery, and the mortality rate was low at 0.06%. In addition, a significant portion of patients were able to regain their professional activity after surgery. These findings highlight the importance of careful consideration of the risks and benefits of this surgery when deciding on the best treatment approach for vestibular schwannoma.
Association between HDL-C and Intensive Blood Pressure Control in Patients with Hypertension: A post-hoc Analysis of SPRINT
Authors: Liu Rufei , Cheng Wenli 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Previous studies in patients with hypertension have demonstrated that there is a U-shaped association between HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and the risk of cardiovascular events in male patients with hypertension. However, to the best of our knowledge, the relationship between HDL-C and intensive blood pressure control in specific cardiovascular events has never been investigated.
Methods: To fill this knowledge gap, we analyzed the relationship between HDL-C levels and cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients within the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). The SPRINT evaluated the impact of intensive blood pressure control (systolic blood pressure < 120 mmHg) versus standard blood pressure control (systolic blood pressure < 140 mmHg). The Cox proportional risk regression was used to investigate the association between different HDL-C status and clinical outcomes. Additional stratified analyzes were performed to evaluate the robustness of gender difference.
Results: A total of 9,323 participants (6016 [64.53%] males and 3307 [35.47%] females) with hypertension from the SPRINT research were included in the analysis. The median follow-up period was 3.26 years. Our population was divided into 5 groups based on the HDL-C plasma levels: HDL-C<30mg/dL, HDL-C between 30 and 60 mg/dL, HDL-C between 40 and 60 mg/dL, HDL-C between 60 and 80 mg/dL and HDL-C>80mg/dL. Sensitivity analyzes showed that in the SPRINT, women in the HDL-C high population had a higher risk of mortality from all causes than men.
Conclusions: In this cohort study, results suggest that patients with HDL-C levels higher than 80mg/dL had lower risk of SPRINT primary outcome, cardiovascular death and stroke, but this study tested association, not causation. HDL-C levels were associated with composite cardiovascular outcomes in male but not female patients. Our results demonstrated that in patients with hypertension, the association between HDL-C and risk of cardiovascular events is L-shaped.
Comparative Study of PID, PD, LQR, and LQR-PD Regulators for Quadrotor Stabilization and Trajectory Tracking
Authors: Djizi Hamza , Zahzouh Zoubir 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Quadrotors, a type of unmanned aerial vehicle, utilize four rotors for precise lift and control, making them highly versatile for a variety of tasks, such as delivery, inspection, mapping, and monitoring. The growing importance of quadcopters is due to their ability to perform a variety of tasks, such as mapping, inspection, surveillance, and delivery. However, their design and four motors make them inherently unstable and difficult to control, which can limit their potential. To improve stability, four controllers (Proportional Derivative, Proportional Integral Derivative, Linear Quadratic Regulator, and Linear Quadratic Regulator-Proportional Derivative) were tested on a quadcopter Simulink model created with MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results showed that the Linear Quadratic Regulator-Proportional Derivative controller was the most effective in terms of stabilization and speed, particularly for hovering along the x and y axes. This controller was found to be reliable and efficient, providing a smooth and fast response. Tuning these controllers can optimize the quadcopter's stability, accuracy, and speed, enabling them to perform a wider range of tasks.
The Hydroxyapatite Nanowires as High Loading Substrate for Immobilization of Dextranase by Crosslinking Method
Authors: Sun Bingnan , Wang Yajie , Yu Haoran , Zhang Lei , zhang weibing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this work, dextranase was immobilized on the surface of hydroxyapatite nanowire through covalent cross-linking method. The as-prepared HAPNWs-NH2@dextranase was characterized by FE-SEM, XRD, TGA and FT-IR spectra analysis illustrated that the successful immobilization of dextranase by crosslinking method. The performance of HAPNWs-NH2@dextranase was studied and contrasted to free dextranase such as catalytic activity, loading capacity, kinetic constant, thermal and pH stability, storage stability and reusability. Compared with the free enzyme, HAPNWs-NH2@dextranase showed higher enzyme activity at higher thermal stability (92.28% vs 33.08% at 70°C) and pH stability (93.17% vs 57.78% at pH 7.0). The loading capacity of dextranase on HAPNWs-NH2@dextranase was higher as 868.2 mg·g− 1. HAPNWs-NH2@dextranase retained 83.38% of its initial activity after 12 cycles. It indicated that the HAPNWs-NH2@dextranase could have excellent performance in the industry fields.
Long-term gross motor proficiency deficits among children post posterior fossa brain tumor removal vs. traumatic brain injury: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Barak Sharon , Brezner Amichai , Yissar Tamar , Eisenstein Etzyona , Ackerman-Laufer Shirley , Landa Jana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Acquired brain injury (ABI) is classified into traumatic brain injury (TBI) and ABI-PF. In ABI-PF, almost half of pediatric brain tumors arise in the posterior fossa (PF). Assessment of motor proficiency is commonly conducted with the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT2). This study assessed: 1) gross motor performance deficits in children with TBI and ABI on account of tumor in the PF (ABI-PF) using two different assessment methods (two-standard deviation and age equivalent methods); 2) BOT2 ability to discriminate between children with TBI and ABI-PF; and 3) factors associated with motor ability.
Methods
Participated in this study were children with TBI (n = 50) and ABI-PF (n = 30) (mean age = 11.34 ± 3.55 years). Participants were tested on BOT2 Upper-Limb Coordination, Balance, Strength, Running Speed and Agility, and Bilateral-Coordination subtests. Motor performance deficits were established using BOT2 two-standard deviation and age-equivalent methods. Differences in the prevalence of children with/without motor performance deficits were evaluated using a chi-square test. Between-group differences (TBI vs. ABI-PF) in BOT2 were assessed via independent t-tests. The ability of the BOT2 to distinguish between the two study groups was established using receiver operating characteristic curves.
Results
Motor deficits in the ABI-PF group were higher than in the TBI group. More specifically, according to the two-standard deviation method, motor deficits in the ABI-PF group ranged from 20% (bilateral coordination) to 66.66% (balance), whereas in the TBI group 8% (strength) to 16% (balance). The age-equivalent method revealed higher rates of motor deficits. In the TBI group, 40% (Upper Limb Coordination) to 66.0 (Bilateral Coordination) of the children presented motor function that is ≥ 36 months below their chronological age. In the ABI-PF group, 46.66% (Bilateral Coordination) to 76.66% (Balance) of the children presented such motor deficits. BOT2 discriminated between the two etiology groups. Several significant associations were observed between age and motor function.
Conclusions
Motor deficits post-pediatric ABI are prevalent. In comparison to the TBI group, deficits are greater in the ABI-PF group. Moreover, compared to the two-standard deviation method, the extent of motor deficiency is greater in the age-equivalent method. Finally, age is associated with several motor function deficits.