bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spike sorting algorithms and their efficient hardware implementation: a comprehensive survey
Authors: Zhang Tim , Rahimi Azghadi Mostafa , Lammie Corey , Amirsoleimani Amirali , Genov Roman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective. Spike sorting is a set of techniques used to analyze extracellular neural recordings, attributing individual spikes to individual neurons. This field has gained significant interest in neuroscience due to advances in implantable microelectrode arrays, capable of recording thousands of neurons simultaneously. High-density electrodes, combined with efficient and accurate spike sorting systems, are essential for various applications, including brain machine interfaces (BMIs), experimental neural prosthetics, real-time neurological disorder monitoring, and neuroscience research. However, given the resource constraints of modern applications, relying solely on algorithmic innovation is not enough. Instead, a co-optimization approach that combines hardware and spike sorting algorithms must be taken to develop neural recording systems suitable for resource-constrained environments, such as wearable devices and BMIs. This co-design requires careful consideration when selecting appropriate spike-sorting algorithms that match specific hardware and use cases. Approach. We investigated the recent literature on spike sorting, both in terms of hardware advancements and algorithms innovations. Moreover, we dedicated special attention to identifying suitable algorithm-hardware combinations, and their respective real-world applicabilities. Main results. In this review, we first examined the current progress in algorithms, and described the recent departure from the conventional ‘3-step’ algorithms in favor of more advanced template matching or machine-learning-based techniques. Next, we explored innovative hardware options, including application-specific integrated circuits, field-programmable gate arrays, and in-memory computing devices (IMCs). Additionally, the challenges and future opportunities for spike sorting are discussed. Significance. This comprehensive review systematically summarizes the latest spike sorting techniques and demonstrates how they enable researchers to overcome traditional obstacles and unlock novel applications. Our goal is for this work to serve as a roadmap for future researchers seeking to identify the most appropriate spike sorting implementations for various experimental settings. By doing so, we aim to facilitate the advancement of this exciting field and promote the development of innovative solutions that drive progress in neural engineering research.
The role of the visual field size in artificial vision
Authors: Ghezzi Diego 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective. Artificial vision has been and still is the subject of intense research. The ultimate goal is to help blind people in their daily life. Approaches to artificial vision, including visual prostheses and optogenetics, have strongly focused on restoring high visual acuity for object recognition and reading. Consequently, clinical trials were primarily focused on these parameters. Approach. Alternatively, enlarging the visual field (VF) size could significantly improve artificial vision. Main results. I propose that approaches towards artificial vision address the challenge of creating this rudimental form of sight within a large VF. Significance. Enlarging the VF size will enable users to improve their mobility and perform visually-driven search tasks. Eventually, it could make artificial vision more efficient, comfortable and acceptable from the user’s point of view.
Teaching quantum communications through a hands-on laboratory
Authors: Sebastián-Lombraña A. , Ortiz L. , Brito J.P. , Sáez de Buruaga J. , Vicente R.J. , Méndez R.B. , Artiñano R. , Martín V. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Teaching quantum communication is a challenging task when involving different technical and engineering backgrounds. The use of an approach that exploits the knowledge of these profiles, as well as other technological resources available for demonstrations or exercises, enhances this teaching. This paper presents as an example the “Quantum Communications Lab” that took place at the 6th INFIERI Summer School in 2021. In this lab, the access to the Madrid Quantum Communication Infrastructure (MadQCI) was an important resource available.
SiPM array of Xenoscope, a full-scale DARWIN vertical demonstrator
Authors: Peres R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The DARWIN project aims to build and operate a next-generation observatory for dark matter and neutrino physics, featuring a time projection chamber with a proposed active target of 40 t of liquid xenon. As an R&D facility to test fundamental components of the future detector, Xenoscope, a full-scale vertical demonstrator with ∼400 kg of liquid xenon and up to 2.6 m electron drift length, was built at the University of Zurich. Its main objective is to demonstrate electron drift over unprecedented distances in liquid xenon—first in a purity monitor setup with charge readout, followed by a dual-phase time projection chamber. In this second phase, an array of 48 VUV4 MMPCs from Hamamatsu (model S13371-6050CQ-02) with a 12-channel readout will be placed above the liquid xenon column and operated as a light readout for the secondary proportional scintillation signals coming from extracted electrons in the time projection chamber. This work presents the design and development of the silicon photomultiplier array of Xenoscope, covering the structural and electronic design, sensor characterisation at cryogenic temperature and signal simulation.
Editorial: Focus issue on biomaterials approaches to the repair and regeneration of cartilage tissue
Authors: Sun Kang , Liu Bangheng , Wang Dong-An 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Traditional joint replacement surgery faces the risk of enormous trauma and secondary revision while using medication to relieve symptoms can cause bone thinning, weight gain and interference with the patient’s pain signalling. Medical research has therefore focused on minimally invasive solutions for implanting tissue-engineered scaffolds to induce cartilage regeneration and repair. In cartilage tissue engineering, there are still technical barriers to seed cells, scaffold construction techniques, mechanical properties, and the regulation of the internal environment on the transplanted material. This issue focuses on the development of cartilage repair, cutting-edge discoveries, manufacturing technologies, and the current technological queries still faced in cartilage regenerative medicine research. The articles in this collection cover the coordination of physical and biochemical signals, genes, and regulations by the extracellular environment.
Understanding the social impacts of power outages in North America: a systematic review
Authors: Andresen Adam X , Kurtz Liza C , Hondula David M , Meerow Sara , Gall Melanie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As demand for electricity increases on an already strained electrical supply due to urbanization, population growth, and climate change, the likelihood of power outages will also increase. While researchers understand that the number of electrical grid disturbances is increasing, we do not adequately understand how increased power outages will affect a society that has become increasingly dependent on a reliable electric supply. This systematic review aims to understand how power outages have affected society, primarily through health impacts, and identify populations most vulnerable to power outages based on the conclusions from prior studies. Based on search parameters, 762 articles were initially identified, of which only 50 discussed the social impacts of power outages in North America. According to this literature, racial and ethnic minorities, especially Blacks or African Americans, those of lower socioeconomic status, children, older adults, and those living in rural areas experienced more significant impacts from previous power outages. Additionally, criminal activity increased during prolonged power outages with both pro-social and anti-social behaviors observed. Providing financial assistance or resources to replace spoiled goods can reduce crime. Future research on this topic must consider the financial effects of power outages, how power outage impacts seasonally vary, and the different durations of power outage impacts.
Implementation and results of a standardized process for identifying ambulatory pharmacy clinical outcome measures
Authors: McKay Connor , Vest Mary-Haston , Doligalski Christina , Summerlin Charles M , Alexander Maurice D , Deyo Zachariah M , Valgus John M , Waldron Kayla M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Given the variation in clinical practice, a clinician-centric, standardized process to implement and validate clinical pharmacy outcome measures was developed.

Summary
Four specialty clinics with embedded clinic-based pharmacists underwent an iterative process to define, refine, and implement the build of electronic health record functionality for outcome measure data collection and reporting. Starting with a list of identified measures, clinic workgroups met to discuss each measure and identify gaps in measure implementation. Information technology experts created electronic documentation forms with discrete data and reports based on criteria specified by the clinic workgroups. Of 32 outcome measures identified as priorities for demonstrating pharmacists’ impact in previous research, 29 were implemented for routine monitoring through this project. Implementation strategies included identification through existing reporting, development of discrete documentation tools within the electronic health record, and development of new reporting tools from available discrete data fields. Time to implementation decreased from the first to the last pilot clinic implementation, as demonstrated through a 9-day reduction in electronic documentation form development and 31-day reduction in report development turnaround time.

Conclusion
A standardized and reproducible process was developed for the implementation of clinical pharmacy outcomes measures for 4 specialty clinics. The process was successfully utilized to develop measurable outputs for a variety of oncology and nononcology specialty disease states based upon multidisciplinary stakeholder input.
A review of enzyme design in catalytic stability by artificial intelligence
Authors: Ming Yongfan , Wang Wenkang , Yin Rui , Zeng Min , Tang Li , Tang Shizhe , Li Min 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe design of enzyme catalytic stability is of great significance in medicine and industry. However, traditional methods are time-consuming and costly. Hence, a growing number of complementary computational tools have been developed, e.g. ESMFold, AlphaFold2, Rosetta, RosettaFold, FireProt, ProteinMPNN. They are proposed for algorithm-driven and data-driven enzyme design through artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms including natural language processing, machine learning, deep learning, variational autoencoder/generative adversarial network, message passing neural network (MPNN). In addition, the challenges of design of enzyme catalytic stability include insufficient structured data, large sequence search space, inaccurate quantitative prediction, low efficiency in experimental validation and a cumbersome design process. The first principle of the enzyme catalytic stability design is to treat amino acids as the basic element. By designing the sequence of an enzyme, the flexibility and stability of the structure are adjusted, thus controlling the catalytic stability of the enzyme in a specific industrial environment or in an organism. Common indicators of design goals include the change in denaturation energy (ΔΔG), melting temperature (ΔTm), optimal temperature (Topt), optimal pH (pHopt), etc. In this review, we summarized and evaluated the enzyme design in catalytic stability by AI in terms of mechanism, strategy, data, labeling, coding, prediction, testing, unit, integration and prospect.
Watch and wait after neoadjuvant treatment in rectal cancer: comparison of outcomes in patients with and without a complete response at first reassessment in the International Watch & Wait Database (IWWD)
Authors: Temmink Sofieke J D , Peeters Koen C M J , Bahadoer Renu R , Kranenbarg Elma Meershoek-Klein , Roodvoets Annet G H , Melenhorst Jarno , Burger Jacobus W A , Wolthuis Albert , Renehan Andrew G , Figueiredo Nuno L , Pares Oriol , Martling Anna , Perez Rodrigo O , Beets Geerard L , van de Velde Cornelis J H , Nilsson Per J ,   the International Watch & Wait Database (IWWD) Consortium, Aghili M , Keshvari A , Nouritaromlou M K , Ahlberg M , Kordnejad S , Aleinikov A , Dulskas A , Asoğlu O , Tokmak H , Barroca R G , Caiado A F , Rosa I A L , Breukink S O , Coraglio M F , Iseas S , Creaven B , Winter D C , Zaborowski A , Cunningham C , Gregory E , Custers P A , Geubels B M , DeBrun L , D’Hoore A , Dimofte G , Fechner K , Matzel K , Fernandez L , Herrando A I , Vieira P , Gaertner W B , Madoff R D , Gerard J P , Jacquinot F , Schiappa R , Gollins S , Gonzalez M , Vaccaro C A , Habr-Gama A , São Julião G P , Holman F A , Hompes R , Lameris W , Ketelaers S H J , Rutten H J T , Leitner K , Mazzarisi C , Malcomson L , O’Dwyer S T , Saunders M , Maroli A , Mitchell P , Murad-Regadas S , Pairola A , Pedraza Salazar I , Sanchez Loria F , Pennings A J , Spinelli A , Sun Myint A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
In rectal cancer, watch and wait for patients with a cCR after neoadjuvant treatment has an established evidence base. However, there is a lack of consensus on the definition and management of a near-cCR. This study aimed to compare outcomes in patients who achieved a cCR at first reassessment versus later reassessment.

Methods
This registry study included patients from the International Watch & Wait Database. Patients were categorized as having a cCR at first reassessment or at later reassessment (that is near-cCR at first reassessment) based on MRI and endoscopy. Organ preservation, distant metastasis-free survival, and overall survival rates were calculated. Subgroup analyses were done for near-cCR groups based on the response evaluation according to modality.

Results
A total of 1010 patients were identified. At first reassessment, 608 patients had a cCR; 402 had a cCR at later reassessment. Median follow-up was 2.6 years for patients with a cCR at first reassessment and 2.9 years for those with a cCR at later reassessment. The 2-year organ preservation rate was 77.8 (95 per cent c.i. 74.2 to 81.5) and 79.3 (75.1 to 83.7) per cent respectively (P = 0.499). Similarly, no differences were found between groups in distant metastasis-free survival or overall survival rate. Subgroup analyses showed a higher organ preservation rate in the group with a near-cCR categorized exclusively by MRI.

Conclusion
Oncological outcomes for patients with a cCR at later reassessment are no worse than those of patients with a cCR at first reassessment.
Gamma auditory steady-state response as a promising electrophysiological biomarker for depression: an in vivo study with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUS)-induced rats
Authors: He Yuchen , Guo Wanting , Ren Zhengyu , Liang Jianhang , Liu Shuang , Ming Dong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Gamma oscillations play a functional role in brain cognitions. Recently, auditory steady-state response (ASSR) has been reported abnormally in depression clinically, particularly in the low-gamma band. However, clinical electroencephalography research has challenges obtaining pure signals straight from the source level, making information isolation and precise localization difficult. Besides, the ASSR deficits pattern remains unclear. Herein, we focused on the origin of ASSR—primary auditory cortex (A1), the central node in the auditory pathway. We assessed the evoked-power and phase-synchronization using local field potentials (LFP) in depression (n = 21) and control (n = 22) rats. Subsequent processing of the received auditory information was examined using event-related potentials (AEPs). Results showed that depressed rats exhibited significant gamma ASSR impairments in peak-to-peak amplitude, inter-trial phase coherence, and signal-to-noise ratio. These deficits were more pronounced during 40-Hz auditory stimuli in right-A1, indicating severe gamma network abnormalities in the right auditory pathway. Besides, increased N2 and P3 amplitudes in depression group were found, indicating excessive inhibitory control and contextual processing. Taken together, these ASSR abnormalities have a high specificity of more than 90% and high sensitivity of more than 80% to distinguish depression under 40-Hz auditory stimuli. Our findings provided an abnormal gamma network in the auditory pathway, as a promising diagnostic biomarker in the future.
Advanced heart failure in adult congenital heart disease: the role of renal dysfunction in management and outcomes
Authors: Krishnathasan Kaushiga , Dimopoulos Konstantinos , Duncan Neill , Ricci Piera , Kempny Alexander , Rafiq Isma , Gatzoulis Michael A , Heng Ee Ling , Blakey Sarah , Montanaro Claudia , Babu-Narayan Sonya V , Francis Darrel P , Li Wei , Constantine Andrew 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
Previous studies in adult congenital heart disease (CHD) have demonstrated a link between renal dysfunction and mortality. However, the prognostic significance of renal dysfunction in CHD and decompensated heart failure (HF) remains unclear. We sought to assess the association between renal dysfunction and outcomes in adults with CHD presenting to our centre with acute HF between 2010 and 2021.

Methods and results
This retrospective analysis focused on the association between renal dysfunction, pre-existing and on admission, and outcomes during and after the index hospitalization. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of death post-discharge. In total, 176 HF admissions were included (mean age 47.7 ± 14.5 years, 43.2% females). One-half of patients had a CHD of great complexity, 22.2% had a systemic right ventricle, and 18.8% had Eisenmenger syndrome. Chronic kidney disease was present in one-quarter of patients. The median length of intravenous diuretic therapy was 7 (4–12) days, with a maximum dose of 120 (80–160) mg furosemide equivalents/day, and 15.3% required inotropic support. The in-hospital mortality rate was 4.5%. The 1- and 5-year survival rates free of transplant or ventricular assist device (VAD) post-discharge were 75.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 69.2–82.3%] and 43.3% (95% CI: 36–52%), respectively. On multivariable Cox analysis, CKD was the strongest predictor of mortality or transplantation/VAD. Highly complex CHD and inpatient requirement of inotropes also remained predictive of an adverse outcome.

Conclusion
Adult patients with CHD admitted with acute HF are a high-risk cohort. CKD is common and triples the risk of death/transplantation/VAD. An expert multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimizing outcomes.
Cost of illness in patients with post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome in Belgium
Authors: Willems Ruben , Verhaeghe Nick , Perronne Christian , Borgermans Liesbeth , Annemans Lieven 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
A proportion of patients with Lyme borreliosis (LB) report long-term persisting signs and symptoms, even after recommended antibiotic treatment, which is termed post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS). Consensus on guidance regarding diagnosis and treatment is currently lacking. Consequently, patients suffer and are left searching for answers, negatively impacting their quality of life and healthcare expenditure. Yet, health economic data on PTLDS remain scarce. The aim of this article is therefore to assess the cost-of-illness related to PTLDS, including the patient perspective.

Methods
PTLDS patients (N = 187) with confirmed diagnosis of LB were recruited by a patient organization. Patients completed a self-reported questionnaire on LB-related healthcare utilization, absence from work and unemployment. Unit costs (reference year 2018) were obtained from national databases and published literature. Mean costs and uncertainty intervals were calculated via bootstrapping. Data were extrapolated to the Belgian population. Generalized linear models were used to determine associated covariates with total direct costs and out-of-pocket expenditures.

Results
Mean annual direct costs amounted to €4618 (95% CI €4070–5152), of which 49.5% were out-of-pocket expenditures. Mean annual indirect costs amounted to €36 081 (€31 312–40 923). Direct and indirect costs at the population level were estimated at €19.4 and 151.5 million, respectively. A sickness or disability benefit as source of income was associated with higher direct and out-of-pocket costs.

Conclusions
The economic burden associated with PTLDS on patients and society is substantial, with patients consuming large amounts of non-reimbursed healthcare resources. Guidance on adequate diagnosis and treatment of PTLDS is needed.
Water deficits shape the microbiome of Bermudagrass roots to be Actinobacteria rich
Authors: Hu Jialin , Cyle K Taylor , Miller Grady , Shi Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere is increasing evidence that microbes can help ameliorate plant growth under environmental stress. Still, it is largely unknown what microbes and potential functions are involved in sustaining turfgrass, the major component of urban/suburban landscapes, under drought. We examined microbial responses to water deficits in bulk soil, rhizosphere, and root endosphere of bermudagrass by applying evapotranspiration (ET)-based dynamic irrigation twice per week during the growing season to create six treatments (0%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, and 120% ET) and respective drought-stressed soil conditions. Bacterial and fungal communities were analyzed via marker gene amplicon sequencing and thereafter drought-reshaped potential functions of the bacterial community were projected. Slight yet significant microbial responses to irrigation treatments were observed in all three microhabitats. The root endophytic bacterial community was most responsive to water stress. No-irrigation primarily increased the relative abundance of root endophytic Actinobacteria, especially the genus Streptomyces. Irrigation at ≤40% ET increased the relative abundances of PICRUSt2-predicted functional genes encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, superoxide dismutase, and chitinase in root endosphere. Our data suggest that the root endophytic Actinobacteria are likely the key players to improve bermudagrass fitness under drought by modulating phytohormone ethylene production, scavenging reactive oxygen species, or ameliorating nutrient acquisition.