bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Settling Russia's Imperial and Baltic Debts
Authors: Denza Eileen , Poulsen Lauge 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe 1918 Soviet default is the longest and most complex sovereign debt dispute in history. The first settlement with a major Western power came with the United Kingdom in 1986. It followed a settlement almost twenty years earlier for claims arising from the Soviet annexation of the Baltic states. We show how the two negotiations became intertwined and prompted both states to take pragmatic positions on international law. Whereas the Soviet Union showed little interest in legally justifying its inconsistent positions on debt succession, the United Kingdom developed contested legal arguments on state recognition to justify using gold belonging to the Baltic States to settle Soviet claims. In addition, we document how UK government lawyers admitted internally that Britain's involvement in the Russian Civil War had been illegal, which in turn justified very limited compensation to British claimants.
Electronic health record data quality variability across a multistate clinical research network
Authors: Mohamed Yahia , Song Xing , McMahon Tamara M. , Sahil Suman , Zozus Meredith , Wang Zhan ,   Greater Plains Collaborative, Waitman Lemuel R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Electronic health record (EHR) data have many quality problems that may affect the outcome of research results and decision support systems. Many methods have been used to evaluate EHR data quality. However, there has yet to be a consensus on the best practice. We used a rule-based approach to assess the variability of EHR data quality across multiple healthcare systems.

Methods:
To quantify data quality concerns across healthcare systems in a PCORnet Clinical Research Network, we used a previously tested rule-based framework tailored to the PCORnet Common Data Model to perform data quality assessment at 13 clinical sites across eight states. Results were compared with the current PCORnet data curation process to explore the differences between both methods. Additional analyses of testosterone therapy prescribing were used to explore clinical care variability and quality.

Results:
The framework detected discrepancies across sites, revealing evident data quality variability between sites. The detailed requirements encoded the rules captured additional data errors with a specificity that aids in remediation of technical errors compared to the current PCORnet data curation process. Other rules designed to detect logical and clinical inconsistencies may also support clinical care variability and quality programs.

Conclusion:
Rule-based EHR data quality methods quantify significant discrepancies across all sites. Medication and laboratory sources are causes of data errors.
SOME CONSEQUENCES OF AND
Authors: PENG YINHE , WU LIUZHEN , YU LIANG 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStrong Turing Determinacy, or
${\mathrm {sTD}}$
, is the statement that for every set A of reals, if
$\forall x\exists y\geq _T x (y\in A)$
, then there is a pointed set
$P\subseteq A$
. We prove the following consequences of Turing Determinacy (
${\mathrm {TD}}$
) and
${\mathrm {sTD}}$
over
${\mathrm {ZF}}$
—the Zermelo–Fraenkel axiomatic set theory without the Axiom of Choice: (1)
${\mathrm {ZF}}+{\mathrm {TD}}$
implies
$\mathrm {wDC}_{\mathbb {R}}$
—a weaker version of
$\mathrm {DC}_{\mathbb {R}}$
.(2)
${\mathrm {ZF}}+{\mathrm {sTD}}$
implies that every set of reals is measurable and has Baire property.(3)
${\mathrm {ZF}}+{\mathrm {sTD}}$
implies that every uncountable set of reals has a perfect subset.(4)
${\mathrm {ZF}}+{\mathrm {sTD}}$
implies that for every set of reals A and every
$\epsilon>0$
:(a)There is a closed set
$F\subseteq A$
such that
$\mathrm {Dim_H}(F)\geq \mathrm {Dim_H}(A)-\epsilon $
, where
$\mathrm {Dim_H}$
is the Hausdorff dimension.(b)There is a closed set
$F\subseteq A$
such that
$\mathrm {Dim_P}(F)\geq \mathrm {Dim_P}(A)-\epsilon $
, where
$\mathrm {Dim_P}$
is the packing dimension.
Election-Related Post-Traumatic Stress: Evidence from the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election
Authors: Fraser Timothy , Panagopoulos Costas , Smith Kevin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe 2020 U.S. presidential election saw rising political tensions among ordinary voters and political elites, with fears of election violence culminating in the January 6 riot. We hypothesized that the 2020 election might have been traumatic for some voters, producing measurable symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We also hypothesized that negative sentiment toward the opposing party correlates with PTSD. We measured PTSD using a modified version of the PCL-5, a validated PTSD screener, for 573 individuals from a nationally representative YouGov sample. We modeled the association between affective polarization and PTSD, controlling for political, demographic, and psychological traits. We estimate that 12.5% of American adults (95% CI: 9.2% to 15.9%) experienced election-related PTSD, far higher than the annual PTSD prevalence of 3.5%. Additionally, negativity toward opposing partisans correlated with PTSD symptoms. These findings highlight a potential need to support Americans affected by election-related trauma.
Do natural catastrophic events and exceptional climatic conditions also affect parasites?
Authors: Poglayen Giovanni , Gelati Antonio , Scala Antonio , Naitana Salvatore , Musella Vincenzo , Nocerino Martina , Cringoli Giuseppe , Frangipane di Regalbono Antonio , Habluetzel Annette 
Published: May 2023

AbstractParasites and parasitologists have always lived together in good and bad luck in a sort of forced marriage. In recent times bad luck certainly prevailed, because of increasing man-made emergencies such as wars, chemical disasters, but also because of natural disasters, amplified by climate change, that condition more and more parasite–host equilibrium. The symposium at the National Congress of the Italian Society for Parasitology, was a first occasion for Italian parasitologists to reason about ‘disaster parasitology’ and researchers’ responsibilities. Extreme weather events and their impacts on parasites’ epidemiology are illustrated, comparing disasters that recently occurred in Italy with literature data. In particular, the Sardinian Island was hit subsequently by fires and floods exacerbating the effects on ecosystems and parasite–host-relationships. Examples of Cryptosporidium outbreaks in man and Fasciola hepatica infections in various hosts after heavy rains are reviewed and effects of droughts on pasture borne parasites, such as gastro-intestinal nematodes of ruminants are discussed. Heavy rains may also cause dissemination of toxic substances released accidentally from chemical plants as happened e.g. in Milan province (IT) after the dioxin hazard. The overlapping effects of strictly man-made disasters with climate change dependent extreme weather events is further challenging the understanding of what are the consequences of disasters on ecosystems and parasite epidemiology.GIS applications combined with AI programs may help to face the complex challenges, allowing the collection and analysis of spatial/temporal data at whatever level desired. Examples illustrated in the article suggest their employment also in a more systematic, prevention-oriented manner.
Evacuation at Home Delayed the First Medical Intervention in Minamisanriku Town after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake
Authors: Tsuboi Motohiro , Sasaki Hiroyuki , Park Hyejeong , Usuda Yuichiro , Hanashima Makoto , Saito Masaji , Takahashi Shoko , Sakisaka Kayako , Hibiya Manabu , Kiyota Kazuya , Hatsugai Kazuaki , Nishizawa Masafumi , Sugawara Yumi , Tsuji Ichiro , Egawa Shinichi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroduction:In Japan, evacuation at home is expected to increase in the future as a post-disaster evacuation type due to the pandemic, aging, and diverse disabilities of the population. However, more disaster-related indirect deaths occurred in homes than in evacuation centers after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE). The health risks faced by evacuees at home have not been adequately discussed.Study Objective:This study aimed to clarify the gap in disaster health management for evacuees at home compared to the evacuees at the evacuation centers in Minamisanriku Town, which lost all health care facilities after the 2011 GEJE.Methods:This was a retrospective cross-sectional and quasi-experimental study based on the anonymized disaster medical records (DMRs) of patients from March 11 through April 10, 2011, that compared the evacuation-at-home and evacuation-center groups focusing on the day of the first medical intervention after the onset. Multivariable Cox regression analysis and propensity score (PS)-matching analysis were performed to identify the risk factors and causal relationship between the evacuation type and the delay of medical intervention.Results:Of the 2,838 eligible patients, 460 and 2,378 were in the evacuation-at-home and evacuation-center groups, respectively. In the month after the onset, the evacuation-at-home group had significantly lower rates of respiratory and mental health diseases than the evacuation-center group. However, the mean time to the first medical intervention was significantly delayed in the evacuation-at-home group (19.3 [SD = 6.1] days) compared to that in the evacuation-center group (14.1 [SD = 6.3] days); P <.001). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, the hazard ratio (HR) of delayed medical intervention for evacuation-at-home was 2.31 with a 95% confident interval of 2.07–2.59. The PS-matching analysis of the adjusted 459 patients in each group confirmed that evacuation at home was significantly associated with delays in the first medical intervention (P <.001).Conclusion:This study suggested, for the first time, the causal relationship between evacuation at home and delay in the first medical intervention by PS-matching analysis. Although evacuation at home had several advantages in reducing the frequencies of some diseases, the delay in medical intervention could exacerbate the symptoms and be a cause of indirect death. As more evacuees are likely to remain in their homes in the future, this study recommends earlier surveillance and health care provision to the home evacuees.
Herbicide screening for weed control and crop safety in California melon production
Authors: Bean Travis M. , Stoddard Scott , Sosnoskie Lynn M. , Osipitan Adewale , Devkota Pratap , Kyser Guy B. , Hanson Bradley D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWeed management in cantaloupe and other melon crops is important to maximize fruit yield; however, there are few registered herbicides available in California. Several independent herbicide trials were conducted at University of California field stations in Davis (Yolo County), Five Points (Fresno County), and Holtville (Imperial County) from 2013 to 2019 to evaluate both registered and unregistered herbicides and incorporation methods (sprinklers, cultivation, or none) for crop safety and weed control in melons. Although specific treatments varied among locations depending on local practice and research objectives, ethalfluralin and halosulfuron were used in all experiments, and bensulide and S-metolachlor were evaluated in 4 of 6 site-years. Additional herbicides included clethodim, clomazone, DCPA, napropamide, pendimethalin, sethoxydim, and sulfentrazone. Among registered herbicides, halosulfuron, halosulfuron + ethalfluralin, and ethalfluralin + bensulide combinations provided consistently beneficial weed control across all site-years compared to the nontreated control. S-metolachlor performed as well as the best of the registered herbicides tested at each site-year; although moderate injury was noted at the Davis location, this did not reduce melon yield. The method used to incorporate preplant herbicides had a significant impact on weed control efficacy but varied by location. Mechanical incorporation of preplant herbicides resulted in improved weed control and yield compared to sprinklers. Early-season weed control, whether by herbicides or hand weeding, resulted in significant yield increase in most site-years.
RDS-NExT workshop: consensus statements for the use of surfactant in preterm neonates with RDS
Authors: Bhandari Vineet , Black Rachel , Gandhi Bheru , Hogue Susan , Kakkilaya Venkatakrishna , Mikhael Michel , Moya Fernando , Pezzano Chad , Read Pam , Roberts Kari D. , Ryan Rita M. , Stanford Richard H. , Wright Clyde J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo provide the best clinical practice guidance for surfactant use in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The RDS-Neonatal Expert Taskforce (RDS-NExT) initiative was intended to add to existing evidence and clinical guidelines, where evidence is lacking, with input from an expert panel.Study designAn expert panel of healthcare providers specializing in neonatal intensive care was convened and administered a survey questionnaire, followed by 3 virtual workshops. A modified Delphi method was used to obtain consensus around topics in surfactant use in neonatal RDS.ResultStatements focused on establishing RDS diagnosis and indicators for surfactant administration, surfactant administration methods and techniques, and other considerations. After discussion and voting, consensus was achieved on 20 statements.ConclusionThese consensus statements provide practical guidance for surfactant administration in preterm neonates with RDS, with a goal to contribute to improving the care of neonates and providing a stimulus for further investigation to bridge existing knowledge gaps.
Gestational ethanol exposure impairs motor skills in female mice through dysregulated striatal dopamine and acetylcholine function
Authors: Bariselli Sebastiano , Mateo Yolanda , Reuveni Noa , Lovinger David M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFetal alcohol exposure has deleterious consequences on the motor skills of patients affected by Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) and in pre-clinical models of gestational ethanol exposure (GEE). Deficits in striatal cholinergic interneurons (CINs) and dopamine function impair action learning and execution, yet the effects of GEE on acetylcholine (ACh) and striatal dopamine release remain unexplored. Here, we report that alcohol exposure during the first ten postnatal days (GEEP0-P10), which mimics ethanol consumption during the last gestational trimester in humans, induces sex-specific anatomical and motor skill deficits in female mice during adulthood. Consistent with these behavioral impairments, we observed increased stimulus evoked-dopamine levels in the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) of GEEP0-P10 female, but not male, mice. Further experiments revealed sex-specific deficits in β2-containing nicotinic ACh receptor (nAChR)-modulation of electrically evoked dopamine release. Moreover, we found a reduced decay of ACh transients and a decreased excitability of striatal CINs in DLS of GEEP0-P10 females, indicating striatal CIN dysfunctions. Finally, the administration of varenicline, a β2-containing nAChR partial agonist, and chemogenetic-mediated increase in CIN activity improved motor performance in adult GEEP0-P10 females. Altogether, these data shed new light on GEE-induced striatal deficits and establish potential pharmacological and circuit-specific interventions to ameliorate motor symptoms of FASD.
Taurine as a key intermediate for host-symbiont interaction in the tropical sponge Ianthella basta
Authors: Moeller Florian U , Herbold Craig W , Schintlmeister Arno , Mooshammer Maria , Motti Cherie , Glasl Bettina , Kitzinger Katharina , Behnam Faris , Watzka Margarete , Schweder Thomas , Albertsen Mads , Richter Andreas , Webster Nicole S , Wagner Michael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Marine sponges are critical components of marine benthic fauna assemblages, where their filter-feeding and reef-building capabilities provide bentho-pelagic coupling and crucial habitat. As potentially the oldest representation of a metazoan-microbe symbiosis, they also harbor dense, diverse, and species-specific communities of microbes, which are increasingly recognized for their contributions to dissolved organic matter (DOM) processing. Recent omics-based studies of marine sponge microbiomes have proposed numerous pathways of dissolved metabolite exchange between the host and symbionts within the context of the surrounding environment, but few studies have sought to experimentally interrogate these pathways. By using a combination of metaproteogenomics and laboratory incubations coupled with isotope-based functional assays, we showed that the dominant gammaproteobacterial symbiont, ‘Candidatus Taurinisymbion ianthellae’, residing in the marine sponge, Ianthella basta, expresses a pathway for the import and dissimilation of taurine, a ubiquitously occurring sulfonate metabolite in marine sponges. ‘Candidatus Taurinisymbion ianthellae’ incorporates taurine-derived carbon and nitrogen while, at the same time, oxidizing the dissimilated sulfite into sulfate for export. Furthermore, we found that taurine-derived ammonia is exported by the symbiont for immediate oxidation by the dominant ammonia-oxidizing thaumarchaeal symbiont, ‘Candidatus Nitrosospongia ianthellae’. Metaproteogenomic analyses also suggest that ‘Candidatus Taurinisymbion ianthellae’ imports DMSP and possesses both pathways for DMSP demethylation and cleavage, enabling it to use this compound as a carbon and sulfur source for biomass, as well as for energy conservation. These results highlight the important role of biogenic sulfur compounds in the interplay between Ianthella basta and its microbial symbionts.
Aerobic methylation of hydrogen sulfide to dimethylsulfide in diverse microorganisms and environments
Authors: Li Chun-Yang , Cao Hai-Yan , Wang Qing , Carrión Ornella , Zhu Xiaoyu , Miao Jie , Wang Peng , Chen Xiu-Lan , Todd Jonathan D , Zhang Yu-Zhong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Dimethylsulfide (DMS) is the major biosulfur source emitted to the atmosphere with key roles in global sulfur cycling and potentially climate regulation. The main precursor of DMS is thought to be dimethylsulfoniopropionate. However, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a widely distributed and abundant volatile in natural environments, can be methylated to DMS. The microorganisms and the enzymes that convert H2S to DMS, and their importance in global sulfur cycling were unknown. Here we demonstrate that the bacterial MddA enzyme, previously known as a methanethiol S-methyltransferase, could methylate inorganic H2S to DMS. We determine key residues involved in MddA catalysis and propose the mechanism for H2S S-methylation. These results enabled subsequent identification of functional MddA enzymes in abundant haloarchaea and a diverse range of algae, thus expanding the significance of MddA mediated H2S methylation to other domains of life. Furthermore, we provide evidence for H2S S-methylation being a detoxification strategy in microorganisms. The mddA gene was abundant in diverse environments including marine sediments, lake sediments, hydrothermal vents and soils. Thus, the significance of MddA-driven methylation of inorganic H2S to global DMS production and sulfur cycling has likely been considerably underestimated.
Single-nucleus multi-omics of human stem cell-derived islets identifies deficiencies in lineage specification
Authors: Augsornworawat Punn , Hogrebe Nathaniel J. , Ishahak Matthew , Schmidt Mason D. , Marquez Erica , Maestas Marlie M. , Veronese-Paniagua Daniel A. , Gale Sarah E. , Miller Julia R. , Velazco-Cruz Leonardo , Millman Jeffrey R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInsulin-producing β cells created from human pluripotent stem cells have potential as a therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes, but human pluripotent stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) still differ from their in vivo counterparts. To better understand the state of cell types within SC-islets and identify lineage specification deficiencies, we used single-nucleus multi-omic sequencing to analyse chromatin accessibility and transcriptional profiles of SC-islets and primary human islets. Here we provide an analysis that enabled the derivation of gene lists and activity for identifying each SC-islet cell type compared with primary islets. Within SC-islets, we found that the difference between β cells and awry enterochromaffin-like cells is a gradient of cell states rather than a stark difference in identity. Furthermore, transplantation of SC-islets in vivo improved cellular identities overtime, while long-term in vitro culture did not. Collectively, our results highlight the importance of chromatin and transcriptional landscapes during islet cell specification and maturation.
Mechanochemical feedback loop drives persistent motion of liposomes
Authors: Fu Meifang , Burkart Tom , Maryshev Ivan , Franquelim Henri G. , Merino-Salomón Adrián , Reverte-López María , Frey Erwin , Schwille Petra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAchieving autonomous motion is a central objective in designing artificial cells that mimic biological cells in form and function. Cellular motion often involves complex multiprotein machineries, which are challenging to reconstitute in vitro. Here we achieve persistent motion of cell-sized liposomes. These small artificial vesicles are driven by a direct mechanochemical feedback loop between the MinD and MinE protein systems of Escherichia coli and the liposome membrane. Membrane-binding Min proteins self-organize asymmetrically around the liposomes, which results in shape deformation and generates a mechanical force gradient leading to motion. The protein distribution responds to the deformed liposome shape through the inherent geometry sensitivity of the reaction–diffusion dynamics of the Min proteins. We show that such a mechanochemical feedback loop between liposome and Min proteins is sufficient to drive continuous motion. Our combined experimental and theoretical study provides a starting point for the future design of motility features in artificial cells.
Resilience to autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease in a Reelin-COLBOS heterozygous man
Authors: Lopera Francisco , Marino Claudia , Chandrahas Anita S. , O’Hare Michael , Villalba-Moreno Nelson David , Aguillon David , Baena Ana , Sanchez Justin S. , Vila-Castelar Clara , Ramirez Gomez Liliana , Chmielewska Natalia , Oliveira Gabriel M. , Littau Jessica Lisa , Hartmann Kristin , Park Kyungeun , Krasemann Susanne , Glatzel Markus , Schoemaker Dorothee , Gonzalez-Buendia Lucia , Delgado-Tirado Santiago , Arevalo-Alquichire Said , Saez-Torres Kahira L. , Amarnani Dhanesh , Kim Leo A. , Mazzarino Randall C. , Gordon Harper , Bocanegra Yamile , Villegas Andres , Gai Xiaowu , Bootwalla Moiz , Ji Jianling , Shen Lishuang , Kosik Kenneth S. , Su Yi , Chen Yinghua , Schultz Aaron , Sperling Reisa A. , Johnson Keith , Reiman Eric M. , Sepulveda-Falla Diego , Arboleda-Velasquez Joseph F. , Quiroz Yakeel T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe characterized the world’s second case with ascertained extreme resilience to autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease (ADAD). Side-by-side comparisons of this male case and the previously reported female case with ADAD homozygote for the APOE3 Christchurch (APOECh) variant allowed us to discern common features. The male remained cognitively intact until 67 years of age despite carrying a PSEN1-E280A mutation. Like the APOECh carrier, he had extremely elevated amyloid plaque burden and limited entorhinal Tau tangle burden. He did not carry the APOECh variant but was heterozygous for a rare variant in RELN (H3447R, termed COLBOS after the Colombia–Boston biomarker research study), a ligand that like apolipoprotein E binds to the VLDLr and APOEr2 receptors. RELN-COLBOS is a gain-of-function variant showing stronger ability to activate its canonical protein target Dab1 and reduce human Tau phosphorylation in a knockin mouse. A genetic variant in a case protected from ADAD suggests a role for RELN signaling in resilience to dementia.