bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Behavioral Interventions on the Uptake of Colonoscopy for Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yakoubovitch Stephanie , Zaki Timothy , Anand Sanya , Pecoriello Jillian , Liang Peter S. 
Published: August 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Screening decreases colorectal cancer incidence and mortality, but uptake in the United States remains suboptimal. Prior studies have investigated the effect of various interventions on overall colorectal cancer screening and stool-based testing, but the effect on colonoscopy—the predominant screening test in the United States—has not been fully examined. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of behavioral interventions on screening colonoscopy uptake.

METHODS:
We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases through January 2022 for controlled trials that assessed the effect of behavioral interventions on screening colonoscopy uptake. All titles, abstracts, and articles were screened by at least 2 independent reviewers. Odds ratios were extracted from the original article or calculated from the raw data. The primary outcome was the relative increase in screening colonoscopy completion with any behavioral intervention. We performed random-effects meta-analysis, with subgroup analysis by type of intervention.

RESULTS:
A total of 25 studies with 30 behavioral interventions were analyzed. The most common interventions were patient navigation (n = 11) and multicomponent interventions (n = 6). Overall, behavioral interventions increased colonoscopy completion by 54% compared with controls (odds ratio [OR] 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26–1.88). Patient navigation (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.35–2.34) and multicomponent interventions (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.17–2.89) had the strongest effect on colonoscopy completion among interventions examined in multiple studies. Significant heterogeneity was observed both overall and by intervention type. There was no evidence of publication bias.

DISCUSSION:
Behavioral interventions increase screening colonoscopy completion and should be adopted in clinical practice. In particular, patient navigation and multicomponent interventions are the best-studied and most effective interventions.
FromDunamisas Active/Passive Capacity toDunamisas Nature in Aristotle’sMetaphysicsTheta
Authors: Gonzalez Francisco J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAristotle notoriously begins his examination of being in the sense ofdunamisandenergeiainMetaphysicsTheta with what he describes as the sense that is ‘most dominant’ but not useful for his present aim. He proceeds to define the not-useful sense ofdunamisas “the principle of change in something else or in itself qua other”, along with other senses derived from this primary sense. But what then is the useful sense? All that Aristotle tells us at the outset is that it is a sense that extends “beyond things spoken of only in relation to motion” and nowhere in Book Theta does he explicitly identify the useful sense as such. This has allowed for very different interpretations of the useful sense in the literature, the primary ones being that it is (1) ‘possibility’, (2) the potential to receive a form, (3) being-potentially-x understood modally as encompassing all specific senses ofdunamis, and (4) capacity for substantial change. The present paper argues that there are significant problems with all of these suggestions and defends an identification of the useful sense ofdunamiswith the sense that Aristotle explicitly opposes to the not-useful sense at the start of Theta 8:phusis(‘nature’). This goes hand-in-hand with an identification of the useful sense ofenergeiawith ‘activity’ as distinguished from motion/change at the end of Theta 6. What makes these senses ofdunamisandenergeiathe useful ones for Aristotle’s present aim is that they are required to explain fully the priority ofenergeiatodunamisin substance defended in Theta 8, they support the identification in Theta 9 ofenergeiawith the good, and they explain the unity of the only substances that Aristotle recognizes as being genuinely substances: natural living substances.
Impact of WO3 and BaO nanoparticles on the radiation shielding characteristics of polydimethylsiloxane composites
Authors: Alorain Dalal A. , Almuqrin Aljawhara H. , Sayyed M. I. , Elsafi Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, we developed flexible composites using silicone rubber (SR) or polydimethylsiloxane as the matrix and WO3 and BaO nanoparticles as filler to analyze their radiation-shielding performance. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) values for the prepared composites were reported to range from 0.059 to 1.333 MeV by using the experimental method. At 0.059 MeV, the SR with 40% of BaO NPs possesses the highest LAC, followed by SR with 20% of BaO and WO3 NPs. The SRs S-2 and S-4 that contain WO3 and/or BaO exhibit continuously greater LAC values than the sample S-1. Numerically, the LAC for S-2 (with 40% of BaO NPs) is 1.6 times greater than that for S-1 (free BaO and WO3) at 0.662 MeV, while the LAC for S-2 is 1.47 times more than that for S-1 at 1.275 MeV. We examined the impact of the thickness of the prepared composites on the attenuation performance by studying the transmission factor (TF) at two different thicknesses (1 and 2 cm). For S-1 and S-2, the TF decreases due to the increase of the thickness from 1 to 2 cm. The TF for S-1 with a thickness of 1 cm is 75% at 0.059 MeV, while it is 56% (for 2 cm). We evaluated the percentage decrease in the TF at 0.059 MeV for every SR as the thickness changes from 1 to 2 cm. For S-3, S-4, S-5, and S-6, the percentage decrease in the TF is extremely significant varying from 98% to 99%. This suggests that increasing the thickness of these SR samples from 1 to 2 cm has a major effect on the shielding capabilities they possess, particularly at low energies.
Development of an intelligent controller for sports training system based on FPGA
Authors: Abid Yaser M. , Kaittan Nada , Mahdi Mohammed , Bakri Bilal I. , Omran Alaa , Altaee Mustafa , Abid Sura Khalil 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Training, sports equipment, and facilities are the main aspects of sports advancement. Countries are investing heavily in the training of athletes, especially in table tennis. Athletes require basic equipment for exercises, but most athletes cannot afford the high cost; hence, the necessity for developing a low-cost automated system has increased. To enhance the quality of the athletes’ training, the proposed research focuses on using the enormous developments in artificial intelligence by developing an automated training system that can maintain the training duration and intensity whenever necessary. In this research, an intelligent controller has been designed to simulate training patterns of table tennis. The intelligent controller will control the system that sends the table tennis balls’ intensity, speed, and duration. The system will detect the hand sign that has been previously assigned to different speeds using an image detection method and will work accordingly by accelerating the speed using pulse width modulation techniques. Simply showing the athletes’ hand sign to the system will trigger the artificial intelligent camera to identify it, sending the tennis ball at the assigned speed. The artificial intelligence of the proposed device showed promising results in detecting hand signs with minimum errors in training sessions and intensity. The image detection accuracy collected from the intelligent controller during training was 90.05%. Furthermore, the proposed system has a minimal material cost and can be easily installed and used.
Squaraine nanoparticles for optoacoustic imaging-guided synergistic cancer phototherapy
Authors: Chen Xiao , Ma Xiaopeng , Yang Gui , Huang Guan , Dai Haibing , Liu Nian , Yu Jianbo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The unique optical properties of squaraine dyes make them promising for cancer phototheranostics, but the reported squaraines for in vivo treatments mainly rely on their photothermal effect, where monotherapy cannot achieve the desired therapeutic effect. Here we generated a type of squaraine capable of killing tumors through both photothermal and photodynamic effects. We optimized squaraine structure with selenium modulation and formulated it into nanoparticles that showed strong absorption of infrared light, negligible fluorescence, good photothermal conversion (66.6 %), and strong photodynamic effects even after several irradiation cycles. In addition, the nanoparticles could be tracked through their strong optoacoustic signal. In mice, the nanoparticles effectively accumulated in tumors and eliminated them upon irradiation, without causing adverse effects. Our work demonstrates the potential of selenium modulation of squaraine for precise cancer diagnosis and treatment through synergistic photothermal and photodynamic effects.
Proper Orthogonal Decomposition analysis of mode switching in supersonic jets impinging on flat and corrugated plates
Authors: Sarangi Debivarati , Karthik Ramanujam , Srinivasan Kothandaraman 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Understanding the occurrence of various feedback mechanisms of an under-expanded impinging supersonic jet is a crucial task in research. The presence of several jet modes is examined in this study for the flat and corrugated impinging plate geometries. The behavior of impinging plate configurations during mode switching is investigated by varying the flow state, such as the jet Mach number. The staging behavior at various jet Mach numbers is observed using acoustic spectral plots and schlieren flow visualization. To explore the presence of various types of modes during the jet impingement due to the modification of jet Mach number, ensemble averaging and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition of schlieren images are carried out. In the majority of situations, the corrugated design shows a reduction in tonal noise and overall sound pressure level. In exceptional cases, for the corrugated plates, the enhanced overall sound pressure level is caused by the existence of axisymmetric instability (A1, A2).
Force mismatch in clausal ellipsis
Authors: Landau Idan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecent studies reveal that the values of finiteness, tense, modality and polarity in a clause elided under sluicing may be distinct from their correlates in the antecedent clause. Focusing onCP ellipsisin Hebrew (an instance of Argument Ellipsis), we first demonstrate that it is distinct from both Null Complement Anaphora and (null) pronominalization, and then show that the values offorce(declarative, imperative, interrogative) can be distinct between the antecedent and the missing clause as well. Possible mismatches are bidirectional, ruling out “subset” theories of identity in ellipsis and challenging certain accounts of the semantics of polar questions. Implications for the general theory of ellipsis are discussed and evaluated.
Ischemic Preconditioning, But Not Priming Exercise, Improves Exercise Performance in Trained Rock Climbers
Authors: MacDougall Keenan B. , McClean Zachary J. , MacIntosh Brian R. , Fletcher Jared R. , Aboodarda Saied J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
MacDougall, KB, McClean, ZJ, MacIntosh, BR, Fletcher, JR, and Aboodarda, SJ. Ischemic preconditioning, but not priming exercise, improves exercise performance in trained rock climbers. J Strength Cond Res 37(11): 2149–2157, 2023—To assess the effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and priming exercise on exercise tolerance and performance fatigability in a rock climbing–specific task, 12 rock climbers completed familiarization and baseline tests, and constant-load hangboarding tests (including 7 seconds on and 3 seconds off at an intensity estimated to be sustained for approximately 5 minutes) under 3 conditions: (a) standardized warm-up (CON), (b) IPC, or (c) a priming warm-up (PRIME). Neuromuscular responses were assessed using the interpolated twitch technique, including maximum isometric voluntary contraction (MVC) of the finger flexors and median nerve stimulation, at baseline and after the performance trial. Muscle oxygenation was measured continuously using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) across exercise. Time to task failure (Tlim) for IPC (316.4 ± 83.1 seconds) was significantly greater than CON (263.6 ± 69.2 seconds) (p = 0.028), whereas there was no difference between CON and PRIME (258.9 ± 101.8 seconds). At task failure, there were no differences in MVC, single twitch force, or voluntary activation across conditions; however, recovery of MVC and single twitch force after the performance trial was delayed for IPC and PRIME compared with CON (p < 0.05). Despite differences in Tlim, there were no differences in any of the NIRS variables assessed. Overall, despite exercise tolerance being improved by an average of 20.0% after IPC, there were no differences in neuromuscular responses at task failure, which is in line with the notion of a critical threshold of peripheral fatigue. These results indicate that IPC may be a promising precompetition strategy for rock climbers, although further research is warranted to elucidate its mechanism of action.
Circulating miR-146a predicts glucocorticoid response in thyroid eye disease
Authors: Manso Jacopo , Censi Simona , Clausi Cristina , Piva Ilaria , Zhu Yi Hang , Mondin Alberto , Pedron Maria Chiara , Barollo Susi , Bertazza Loris , Midena Giulia , Parrozzani Raffaele , Mian Caterina 
Published: August 2023

Objective
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an immune-mediated disorder of the eye. Intravenous glucocorticoid (GC) is the first-line treatment for patients with active moderate-to-severe TED. However, the response rate is between 50% and 80%. There are still no simple and reliable markers of responsiveness to GC therapy. We aimed to explore the possible role of miR-146a and miR-21 as predictors of responsiveness to GC treatment in TED.

Methods
We carried out a prospective longitudinal study on 30 consecutive adult patients with active moderate-to-severe TED and eligible for GC therapy. All patients received the standard GC treatment with methylprednisolone i.v. In cases of progressive worsening of Gorman Score for diplopia or with duction restriction <30° in at least two consecutive controls, patients also underwent orbital radiotherapy. Response to GC treatment was defined as a decrease of two or more points in the clinical activity score (CAS) or CAS <4/10 at 24 weeks. Circulating miRNAs were extracted from patients’ serum and quantified by real-time PCR.

Results
Twenty-three (77%) patients responded to GC. Thyroid surgery, higher CAS, greater proptosis and higher pre-treatment circulating levels of miR-146a emerged as predictive factors of responsiveness to GC. A ROC analysis revealed that miR-146a could predict responsiveness to GC with a positive predictive value of 100%.

Conclusion
This is the first study investigating the role of pre-treatment circulating miR-21 and miR-146a to predict responsiveness to GC in TED. miR-146a emerged as a simple, objective, new marker of GC sensitivity that could be used to avoid ineffective administration of GC therapy to TED patients.
Male minipuberty in human and non-human primates: planting the seeds of future fertility
Authors: Busch Alexander S , Paturlanne Juan Manuel , Neuhaus Nina , Wistuba Joachim , Schlatt Stefan , Juul Anders , Omran Heymut 
Published: August 2023

In brief
Minipuberty is a transient activity period of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis in the postnatal and infant period including surging serum concentrations of reproductive hormones. Increasing evidence points to an important role of this period for maturation of the testes and thereby for male reproductive function.

Abstract
Minipuberty is a transient activity period of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis in the postnatal and infant period in humans and non-human primates. Hallmarks of this period are surging serum concentrations of reproductive hormones. While in females, the role of minipuberty seems to be dispensable for future fertility, in males, it is significantly associated with reproductive function in later life. In males, this activity period promotes further masculinization, including testicular and penile growth, as well as completion of testicular descent if not already achieved at birth. At the testicular level, both, somatic and germ cells undergo proliferation and partial maturation during this period. Minipuberty is thought to prime male gonadal tissue for subsequent growth and maturation. Notably, perturbed or absent minipuberty is associated with reduced male reproductive function in adulthood. While the sustained HPG axis activity during adulthood is known to control reproductive function, minipuberty appears to be a prerequisite for obtaining full male reproductive function in later life, thereby determining future fertility potential, i.e. the ability to father a child. This review maps the role of male minipuberty for reproductive function and presents suitable animal models to study minipuberty. Also, it describes the development and maturation of testicular cell types, discusses short- and long-term effects of minipuberty and highlights future research perspectives.
Die Hungerunruhen in Hamburg im Juni 1919 - eine zweite Revolution?
Authors: Schulte-Varendorff Uwe 
Published: August 2023

Die Niederlage des Deutschen Kaiserreichs, gleichbedeutend mit dem Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs, war im November 1918 besiegelt. Die innenpolitischen Verhältnisse in Hamburg waren auch nach Abschluss der anschließenden revolutionären Phase alles andere als stabil. Einerseits waren sie geprägt von militanten Auseinandersetzungen zwischen radikalen Gruppierungen, andererseits bestimmten weiterhin Hunger und Not den Alltag der Bevölkerung. Dies war der Nährboden für einen bisher nur recht wenig beachteten kurzen Abschnitt der Geschichte der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg, nämlich die Ende Juni 1919 in der Stadt ausbrechenden „Sülze-“ bzw. „Hungerunruhen“.
Die Aufdeckung von skandalösen Herstellungs- und Verarbeitungsmethoden eines Sülzefabrikanten führte zu Aufruhr im gesamten Stadtgebiet. Diese – allerdings nur wenige Tage andauernden – bürgerkriegsähnlichen Verhältnisse waren der Anlass für den Einmarsch von Reichswehrtruppen unter General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck. Die Hintergründe, der Ablauf und die Auswirkungen der „Hungerunruhen“ werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit untersucht und dargestellt.
Gas-phase materials synthesis in environmental transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Dick Kimberly A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGas-phase transmission electron microscopy is an essential tool for elucidating the mechanisms involved in the synthesis of functional materials. Here, we review the latest developments in understanding the growth of novel nanostructural materials afforded by following the process in situ in electron microscopes. Particular focus is on investigations of catalyzed growth of one-dimensional carbon-based and semiconductor nanostructures, while other types of nanocrystal and epitaxial crystal growth are briefly addressed. Also discussed are how these methods have been employed to answer critical questions about the growth mechanisms as well as to bring insight into the relationships between synthesis parameters and materials properties.
Graphical abstract
Ciprofloxacin degradation with a defective TiO2-x nanomaterial under sunlight
Authors: Bazzanella Nicola , Bajpai Om Prakash , Fendrich Murilo , Guella Graziano , Miotello Antonio , Orlandi Michele 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTiO2 nanoparticles obtained by microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis were subjected to facile post-processing based on vacuum annealing. The resulting defective (TiO2-x) material showed extended light absorption in the visible range, enhancing sunlight compatibility. Structural and optical characterization point to the arising of an Urbach tail as the main reason. TiO2-x was then employed as photocatalyst for the inactivation of ciprofloxacin, an emerging environmental threat and source of antimicrobial resistance, under sunlight. TiO2-x performed significantly better than its parent compound and mechanistic analysis of the degradation pathway indicates that this material is a promising candidate for solar treatment of fluoroquinolones residues in water.
Graphical abstract
El sabotaje como intuición filosófica Una perspectiva para la interpretación de América colonial
Authors: Viveros Espinosa Alejandro 
Published: August 2023

El objetivo central es proponer un concepto histórico-filosófico-cultural denominado el sabotaje, en tanto instrumento de resistencia cultural y perspectiva crítica de interpretación filosófica respecto de los fenómenos culturales y de la situación histórica de América colonial (siglos XVI - XVIII). El sabotaje desarrolla un aparato teórico capaz de otorgar la operatividad a una perspectiva de interpretación filosófica que implica una lectura crítica y propositiva en el ámbito de la traducción y la mediación cultural presente en las obras de Hernando de Alvarado Tezozómoc: Crónica Mexicana (1598), Crónica Mexicáyotl (1609) y de Felipe Guamán Poma de Ayala: Primer Nueva Corónica y Buen Gobierno (1615/1616). Estas obras funcionan en tanto textos culturales como ejemplos de la configuración político-filosófica e histórico-cultural que inaugura una reflexión hermenéutica americana. Esto significa que nuestra investigación busca demostrar la ejecución de la perspectiva de la resistencia cultural en América colonial y, a su vez, consolida la resignificación del sabotaje como un vehículo conceptual original y explicativo de las posibilidades de la reflexión filosófica desde América colonial.
Borges y la traducción. Análisis de su primera incursión práctica: El príncipe feliz de Oscar Wilde
Authors: Lozano Sañudo Belén 
Published: August 2023

El presente artículo, pretende presentar de forma sucinta las principales ideas teóricas de Borges en torno a la traducción, y cómo su constante ejercicio práctico de la misma, junto con su vasto conocimiento de la literatura universal, influyeron en gran medida en el desarrollo de su estilo propio. Nos propusimos también dejar constancia, mediante algunos ejemplos significativos, del papel crucial que ha desempeñado también la traducción en la difusión de la obra de este genio de las letras argentinas. Nuestro artículo se cierra con un pequeño análisis de la primera traducción que realizó Borges, a la edad de nueve años: El príncipe feliz de Oscar Wilde, donde ya puede observarse esa tendencia hacia la reproducción más que de las palabras, del sentido estético del original.