bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of recent stressful life events on outcomes in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: results from the longitudinal EU-GEI high-risk study
Authors: See Cheryl R. Z. , Si Shuqing , Hedges Emily , Tognin Stefania , Modinos Gemma , van der Gaag Mark , de Haan Lieuwe , Velthorst Eva , McGorry Patrick , Nelson Barnaby , Riecher-Rössler Anita , Bressan Rodrigo , Barrantes-Vidal Neus , Krebs Marie-Odile , Nordentoft Merete , Ruhrmann Stephan , Sachs Gabriele , Rutten Bart P. , van Os Jim ,   EU-GEI High Risk Study, McGuire Philip , Valmaggia Lucia R. , Kempton Matthew J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundRecent stressful life events (SLE) are a risk factor for psychosis, but limited research has explored how SLEs affect individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. The current study investigated the longitudinal effects of SLEs on functioning and symptom severity in CHR individuals, where we hypothesized CHR would report more SLEs than healthy controls (HC), and SLEs would be associated with poorer outcomes.MethodsThe study used longitudinal data from the EU-GEI High Risk study. Data from 331 CHR participants were analyzed to examine the effects of SLEs on changes in functioning, positive and negative symptoms over a 2-year follow-up. We compared the prevalence of SLEs between CHR and HCs, and between CHR who did (CHR-T) and did not (CHR-NT) transition to psychosis.ResultsCHR reported 1.44 more SLEs than HC (p < 0.001), but there was no difference in SLEs between CHR-T and CHR-NT at baseline. Recent SLEs were associated with poorer functioning and more severe positive and negative symptoms in CHR individuals (all p < 0.01) but did not reveal a significant interaction with time.ConclusionsCHR individuals who had experienced recent SLEs exhibited poorer functioning and more severe symptoms. However, as the interaction between SLEs and time was not significant, this suggests SLEs did not contribute to a worsening of symptoms and functioning over the study period. SLEs could be a key risk factor to becoming CHR for psychosis, however further work is required to inform when early intervention strategies mitigating against the effects of stress are most effective.
Uniformity of quasi-integral points of bounded degree in higher-dimensional orbits
Authors: YASUFUKU YU 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Given a self-morphism

$\phi$

on a projective variety defined over a number field k, we prove two results which bound the largest iterate of

$\phi$

whose evaluation at P is quasi-integral with respect to a divisor D, uniformly across P defined over a field of bounded degree over k. The first result applies when the pullback of D by some iterate of

$\phi$

breaks up into enough irreducible components which are numerical multiples of each other. The proof uses Le’s algebraic-point version of a result of Ji–Yan–Yu, which is based on Schmidt subspace theorem. The second result applies more generally but relies on a deep conjecture by Vojta for algebraic points. The second result is an extension of a recent result of Matsuzawa, based on the theory of asymptotic multiplicity. Both results are generalisations of Hsia–Silverman, which treated the case of morphisms on

${\mathbb{P}}^1$

.
Cross cultural exchanges in the ancient world: Early connections between Azania and diverse civilizations of the Indian Ocean, the Mediterranean basin and distant regions in the African continent
Authors: Chami Felix A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the Roman time, Azania and its capital Rhapta had cultural and economic connections with diverse civilizations of the world, including those in the Mediterranean basin, the Middle East, India, the Far East, and the deep interior of Africa. Information about Azania was first provided by the Romans – Pliny the Elder, Claudius Ptolemy, and sources such as the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. Apart from the Romans, other people of the Middle East, including the Homerites or Himyarites, were found to have lived and traded in Azania. Pliny the Elder reported that Azanian received spices from the Far East and sent them to the Great Lakes’ region where they were ferried via the Nile to the Mediterranean basin. The Periplus also reported other exported and imported trade goods. Indian and Chinese records provided evidence of connections with Azania. The most recent evidence of these connections is archeological. Materials recovered include beads and ceramics from Rome, the Middle East, and India. Archeology of submerged Rhapta also uncovered architectural remains of Roman technology. Material remains from the deep interior of Africa have been found on the coast of Azania. Roman connections with the deep interior of Africa are believed to have created caravan routes that facilitated cultural and technological exchanges.
High takeoff of the right coronary artery by echocardiography: normal variant or something more?
Authors: Cooley Ashley S. , DeGroff Curt G. , Co-Vu Jennifer , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Lopez-Colon Dalia , Chandran Arun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurpose:High takeoff of the right coronary artery suspected by echocardiography is widely considered a normal variant. However, in our experience, some patients initially thought to have a high takeoff of the coronary artery were later found to have an anomalous coronary origin with high-risk features. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that high takeoff of the right coronary artery suspected by echocardiography may indicate the presence of an anomalous coronary artery lesion with an intramural course requiring further investigation.Methods:A retrospective chart review was performed of patients evaluated at the University of Florida Congenital Heart Center from January 2010 through September 2015. Charts of all 62 patients who were noted to have an anomalous coronary artery or concern for an anomalous coronary artery were reviewed to identify those who were initially identified as having simply a high takeoff of the right coronary artery by initial echocardiogram. A total of 24 patients met these criteria.Results:Out of 24 patients identified as having high takeoff of the right coronary artery on their initial echocardiogram, 20 had confirmatory computerized tomographic angiography. On review of these patients, 9 had a right coronary origin from the left. This included 3 patients with an anomalous right coronary artery from the left coronary sinus and 6 with an anomalous right coronary artery origin just above the left coronary sinus. Six of these 9 patients had an intramural course. The remaining patients had high takeoff above the right coronary sinus or normal coronary origins.Additionally, on review of all patients with computerized tomographic angiographic confirmation of high takeoff of the coronary artery, those with high takeoff above the left coronary sinus were more likely to have an intramural course (6 out of 9). Meanwhile, none of the 6 patients with high takeoff above the right coronary sinus confirmed by computerized tomographic angiography had an intramural course.Conclusion:Accurate identification of the coronary origin and course of the anomalous coronary artery is difficult by echocardiogram. Correct diagnosis of origin and course is important for appropriate risk stratification and treatment decisions. Therefore, patients with high takeoff of the right coronary artery suspected by echocardiography should undergo additional evaluation to assess for the presence of a potentially malignant course.
Visualizing Scientific Landscapes: A Powerful Method for Mapping Research Fields
Authors: Shoshan Aya , Oser Jennifer 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHow can political science scholars use visualization and mapping tools to refine the development of research on complex theoretical concepts? Literature mapping, a powerful method commonly used in the natural sciences to visualize scientific landscapes, is not yet widely used in political science. This study illustrates the capabilities of this method by analyzing visual maps of academic research on the term “organizing” in the context of political action. We describe our multistep methodological approach for generating the maps and demonstrate how they can be analyzed to produce insights about themes, potential gaps, canonical literature, and levels of dialogue across research areas. We conclude by outlining future research possibilities generated by this study’s literature mapping approach.
Quantifying and hedging economic risk in disability income insurance portfolios
Authors: Schneider Annika , Khemka Gaurav , Pitt David , Zhang Jinhui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The association between economic variables and the frequency and duration of disability income insurance (DII) claims is well established. Across many jurisdictions, heightened levels of unemployment have been associated with both a higher incidence and a longer duration of DII claims. This motivated us to derive an asset portfolio for which the total asset value moves in line with the level of unemployment, thus, providing a natural match for the DII portfolio liabilities. To achieve this, we develop an economic tracking portfolio where the asset weights in the portfolio are chosen so that the portfolio value changes in a way that reflects, as closely as possible, the level of unemployment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper applying economic tracking portfolios to hedge economic risk in DII. The methodology put forward to establish this asset-liability matching portfolio is illustrated using DII data from the UK between 2004 and 2016. The benefits of our approach for claims reserving in DII portfolios are illustrated using a simulation study.
Neurosteroid replacement therapy using tiagabine and zuranolone restores cerebellar neurodevelopment and reduces hyperactive behaviour following preterm birth
Authors: Pavy Carlton L. , Shaw Julia C. , Palliser Hannah K. , Moloney Roisin A. , Hirst Jonathan J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Preterm birth exposes the neonate to hypoxic-ischaemic and excitotoxic insults that impair neurodevelopment and are magnified by the premature loss of placentally supplied, inhibitory neurosteroids. The cerebellum is a neuronally dense brain region, which undergoes critical periods of development during late gestation, when preterm births frequently occur. We propose that neurosteroid replacement therapy using tiagabine and zuranolone will protect the cerebellum against preterm-associated insults. Guinea pig dams received c-section surgery preterm (gestational age (GA) 64) or at term (GA70) with preterm pups administered tiagabine (2.5 mg/kg/day), zuranolone (1 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (15% β-cyclodextrin) until term equivalent age (GA70). Behavioural testing was performed at corrected postnatal day 8 (PND8) and PND41 with tissue collection occurring at PND42. Neurodevelopmental markers (MBP, OLIG2 and NeuN) were assessed within the cerebellum by immunohistochemistry, whilst GABAergic and glutamatergic pathway expression was quantified using high throughput RT-PCR. Zuranolone and, to a lesser extent, tiagabine were able to protect against hyperactive behaviour at PND8 in males, whilst in females, a less marked hyperactive phenotype was present with neither treatment impacting behaviour further. Both treatments improved MBP staining, whilst tiagabine was found to restore oligodendrocyte maturation in females only. GABAergic and glutamatergic pathway expression was found to be restored by both treatments in females. Overall, this study demonstrates the neuroprotective attributes of neurosteroid replacement therapy using tiagabine and zuranolone, thereby demonstrating their potential to mitigate long-term neurodevelopmental impairments. Furthermore, the sexually dimorphic effects observed suggest future investigations may show increased benefit by using sex-specific treatment regimes.
Roughness and Energy Losses Induced by Mussel Growth on the Walls of Hydraulic Structures and Application to a Water Transfer Project
Authors: Zhang Jiahao , Xu Mengzhen , Huber Boris , Grünzner Markus , Blanckaert Koen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMussel biofouling increases energy losses in hydraulic structures. The first contribution of this paper is the quantification of the mussel‐induced equivalent sand roughness ks as function of the mussel attachment density N and the shell length L. Laboratory experiments reveal that ks/L ≈ 1.5 for a continuous regular layer of mussels, which is found for N L2 > 1.2. For 0.5 < N L2 < 1.2, the mussels form a continuous irregular roughness layer with increased values of ks/L of up to 2.4. These geometrical irregularities are interpreted as macro‐roughness elements, that is, roughness elements with a spatial scale larger than that of an individual mussel. For N L2 < 0.5, the density of the irregularities is too low to act as macro‐roughness elements leading to ks/L < 1.5. The second contribution is the establishment of a threshold criterion for the importance of filtering activity on ks based on data from the here reported experiments and data reported in literature in other configurations and/or with other mussel species. It is found that laboratory conditions are often close to the threshold value but that mussel filtering is always negligible in large hydraulic structures. The third contribution is the development of a method based on 3‐D numerical simulations for estimating a Darcy‐Weisbach friction factor f for walls that are only partially covered with patches of mussels. An application example illustrates how the thus obtained f can be used in a 1‐D model for quantifying the additional energy losses in large water transfer projects.
Impact of Arctic and Antarctic Sudden Stratospheric Warmings on Thermospheric Composition
Authors: Zhang Jiarong , Oberheide Jens , Pedatella Nicholas M. , Liu Guiping 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUsing the Global‐scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) and the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI), we examine the impact of sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) on the changes of thermospheric composition during the 2018–2019 and 2020–2021 Arctic SSWs and the 2019 Antarctic SSW. Contributions of planetary waves, gravity waves, and migrating tides are assessed by performing numerical experiments with the NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) vertically extended version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM‐X). The variations in the column integrated O and N2 density ratio () are generally similar among WACCM‐X, GOLD, and GUVI observations though some differences exist. Following the onset of the Arctic SSWs, is reduced by 10% at low to mid latitudes. The variations during the 2019 Antarctic SSW are less pronounced, likely due to the event being a minor warming. WACCM‐X simulations, with the Kp index and F10.7 cm solar flux kept at fixed low levels, confirm that the variability of at low to mid latitudes is primarily induced by SSWs. The changes are associated with the reversals of the mean meridional circulation (MMC) in the lower thermosphere, mainly driven by westward‐traveling planetary waves. The results highlight that planetary wave activity during SSWs can significantly impact the mean state of the thermosphere.
A novel prognostic risk model for patients with refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia receiving venetoclax plus hypomethylating agents
Authors: Shahswar Rabia , Gabdoulline Razif , Krueger Katja , Wichmann Martin , Götze Katharina S. , Braitsch Krischan , Meggendorfer Manja , Schmalbrock Laura , Bullinger Lars , Modemann Franziska , Fiedler Walter , Krauter Juergen , Kaun Stephan , Rotermund Susanne , Voß Andreas , Behrens Yvonne Lisa , Bergmann Anke Katharina , Koller Elisabeth , Beutel Gernot , Thol Felicitas , Heidel Florian , Heuser Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOff-label hypomethylating agents and venetoclax (HMA/VEN) are often used for relapsed and refractory (R/R) AML patients. However, predictors of outcome are elusive. The objective of the current retrospective observational multicenter study of 240 adult patients (median age 68.6 years) with R/R AML was to establish a prognostic risk score. Overall response was documented in 106 (44%) patients. With a median follow-up of 31.5 months, 179 deaths were recorded. Median overall survival (mOS) was 7.9 months. In multivariate analysis of the subgroup with molecular information (n = 174), risk factors for inferior survival included the presence of extramedullary disease, HMA pretreatment and mutations in NF1, PTPN11, FLT3, and TP53, whereas mutated SF3B1 was identified as favorable risk factor. These risk factors were subsequently applied to construct an HR-weighted risk model that allocated patients to one of three risk groups with significantly different survival outcomes: favorable (n = 46; mOS 21.4 months), intermediate (n = 75; mOS 7.5 months), and adverse (n = 53; mOS 4.6 months; p < 0.001). The model was validated in 189 AML patients treated with HMA/VEN in first line. This clinical-molecular, 3-tiered venetoclax prognostic risk score (VEN-PRS) for HMA/VEN treatment outcomes in R/R AML patients will support the selection of appropriate treatment options in this high-risk population.
Association between equivalized annual household income and regular medical visits for hypertensive patients since the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Toyama Maya , Satoh Michihiro , Hashimoto Hideaki , Iwabe Yutaro , Yagihashi Takahito , Nakayama Shingo , Murakami Takahisa , Nakaya Naoki , Metoki Hirohito , Hozawa Atsushi , Tabuchi Takahiro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Previous studies have shown an increase in blood pressure during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic even among patients receiving antihypertensive treatment. This study aims to evaluate the association between equivalized annual household income and refraining from regular medical visits for hypertensive patients since the COVID-19 outbreak. We analyzed data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey (JACSIS), including 2832 hypertensive patients aged 20–79 years from the 2020 survey and at least one survey between 2021 and 2023. They were categorized into lower-income (<median of ¥3,182,000) and higher-income (≥median) groups. Refraining from regular medical visits was defined as not attending scheduled medical visits for hypertension in the past two months. Poisson regression or generalized linear mixed models were used, inverse probability weighted for Internet survey selection. After weighting, the mean age was 64.8 ± 10.3 years and 63.7% were men. In 2020, the proportion of hypertensive patients refraining from regular medical visits after weighting was 19.6% in the lower-income group and 8.8% in the higher-income group, with an adjusted proportion ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.86 (1.13–3.06) for the lower-income group compared with the higher-income group. After 2020, the proportion of those refraining from regular medical visits declined in all income groups, and the income-related differences disappeared. During the social restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, hypertensive patients with lower equivalized annual household incomes were more likely to refrain from regular medical visits. Strategies to reduce income-related inequities in medical care utilization may be necessary for future public health crises.
Premature birth changes wiring constraints in neonatal structural brain networks
Authors: Mousley Alexa , Akarca Danyal , Astle Duncan E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStructural brain organization in infancy is associated with later cognitive, behavioral, and educational outcomes. Due to practical limitations, such as technological advancements and data availability of fetal MRI, there is still much we do not know about the early emergence of topological organization. We combine the developing Human Connectome Project’s large infant dataset with generative network modeling to simulate the emergence of network organization over early development. Preterm infants had reduced connectivity, shorter connection lengths, and lower network efficiency compared to term-born infants. The models were able to recapitulate the organizational differences between term and preterm networks and revealed that preterm infant networks are better simulated under tighter wiring constraints than term infants. Tighter constraints for preterm models resulted in shorter connection lengths while preserving vital, long-range rich club connections. These simulations suggest that preterm birth is associated with a renegotiation of the cost-value wiring trade-off that may drive the emergence of different network organization.
Advanced remote focus control in multicore meta-fibers through 3D nanoprinted phase-only holograms
Authors: Khosravi Mohammadhossein , Wieduwilt Torsten , Zeisberger Matthias , Lorenz Adrian , Schmidt Markus A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, we present an unexplored approach for remote focus manipulation using 3D nanoprinted holograms integrated on the end face of multi-core single-mode fibers. This innovative method enables precise focus control within a monolithic metafiber device by allowing light coupled into any of the 37 cores to be precisely focused at predefined locations. Our approach demonstrates significant advances over conventional lenses and offers unique functionalities through computationally designed holograms. This research marks the first successful use of multi-core fibers for remote focus control via 3D nanoprinting, achieving crosstalk-free operation at visible wavelengths. Key findings include strong agreement between design, simulation, and experimental results, highlighting the potential of this technology to improve applications in fields such as biological optics, laser micromachining, telecommunications, and laser surgery. This work opens new avenues for the development of advanced optical systems with superior focus control capabilities.
Long-term intake of Tamogi-take mushroom (Pleurotus cornucopiae) mitigates age-related cardiovascular dysfunction and extends healthy life expectancy
Authors: Sato Michio , Torigoe Daisuke , Kinoshita Yuya , Cyuman Momoka , Toda Chitoku , Sato Masaru , Ikeda Kazutaka , Kadomatsu Tsuyoshi , Horiguchi Haruki , Morinaga Jun , Fukami Hirotaka , Sugizaki Taichi , Miyata Keishi , Kusaba Ryoko , Okadome Yusuke , Matsunaga Eiji , Node Koichi , Oike Yuichi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Age-related declines in cardiac function and exercise tolerance interfere with healthy living and decrease healthy life expectancy in older individuals. Tamogi-take mushrooms (Pleurotus cornucopiae) are known to contain high levels of Ergothioneine (EGT), an antioxidant with potential health benefits. In this study, we assessed the possibility that long-term consumption of Tamogi-take mushrooms might attenuate age-related decline in cardiac and vascular endothelial function in mice. We found that long-term intake of Tamogi-take mushrooms significantly maintained cardiac and vascular endothelial function and improved exercise tolerance in mice. Long-term mushroom consumption also increased levels of Nrf2 (Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2) protein in heart tissues and increased translation of HO-1 (Heme Oxygenase 1) proteins, which have antioxidant effects in heart and aortic tissues. Finally, long-term Tamogi-take mushroom consumption inhibited ROS accumulation with aging and reduced expression of inflammatory biomarkers. We conclude that ingestion of Tamogi-take mushrooms could serve as a dietary intervention to promote cardiovascular health, support healthy aging and slow the progression of age-related diseases.