bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Definition of Tweener: Consensus Among Experts in Treating Early-onset Scoliosis
Authors: Quan Theodore , Matsumoto Hiroko , Bonsignore-Opp Lisa , Ramo Brandon , Murphy Robert F. , Brooks Jaysson T. , Welborn Michelle C. , Emans John B. , Anari Jason B. , Johnston Charles E. , Akbarnia Behrooz A. , McCarthy Richard , Flynn John , Sawyer Jeffrey R. , Vitale Michael G. , Roye Benjamin D. ,   Pediatric Spine Study Group
Published: February 2023

Background:The term “Tweener” is colloquially used to refer to early-onset scoliosis (EOS) patients whose age and development make them candidates for multiple surgical options. The purpose of this study was to establish expert consensus on a definition to formally characterize the Tweener population.Methods:A 3-round survey of surgeons in an international EOS study group was conducted. Surgeons were provided with various patient characteristics and asked if each was part of their definition for Tweener patients. Responses were analyzed for consensus (≥70%), near-consensus (60% to 69%), and no consensus (<60%).Results:Consensus was reached (89% of respondents) for including chronological age in the Tweener definition; 8 to 10 years for females and 9 to 11 years for males. Surgeons agreed for inclusion of Sanders score, particularly Sanders 2 (86.0%). Patients who have reached Sanders 4, postmenarche, or have closed triradiate cartilage should not be considered Tweeners. Bone age range of 8 years and 10 months to 10 years and 10 months for females (12 y for males) could be part of the Tweener definition.Conclusions:This study suggests that the Tweener definition could be the following: patients with open triradiate cartilage who are not postmenarcheandhave not reached Sanders 4,andif they have one of the following: Sanders 2orchronological age 8 to 10 years for females (9 to 11 y for males)orbone age 8 years and 10 months to 10 years and 10 months for females (12 y for males). This definition will allow for more focused and comparative research on this population.Level of Evidence:Level V—expert opinion.
Factors Predictive of Tenotomy After Ponseti Casting for Idiopathic Clubfoot: A Tertiary Care Center Study
Authors: Sharma Sandeep , Banskota Bibek , Yadav Prakash , Rajbhandari Tarun , Bhusal Rajan , Banskota Ashok Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Parents of children with clubfoot are likely to inquire about the need for tenotomy and about any factors that may be predictive. The present study was done to identify factors that may help predict the need for tenotomy in children undergoing Ponseti treatment for idiopathic clubfoot.

Methods:
A prospective observational study was conducted on patients under 5 years of age with idiopathic clubfoot and no previous treatment history treated at Hospital and Rehabilitation Centre for Disabled Children. The relationship between the Pirani score, Dimeglio score, age, and passive ankle dorsiflexion (DF) and the need for heel cord tenotomy was analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.

Results:
Of 83 patients (125 feet) with a mean age of 6 months, 93 feet (74.4%) required a percutaneous tenotomy. The mean initial Pirani and Dimeglio score for 125 club feet was 4.5 (SD=1.68) and 13.5 (SD=6.1), respectively. The mean initial passive ankle DF was −40.4 (SD=22.31). The Dimeglio (P=0.000), Pirani scores (P=0 .000), and passive ankle DF (P=0.000) showed significant association with the need for tenotomy.

Conclusions:
This study shows a strong association between initial Pirani and Demiglio scores and initial passive ankle DF as predictive of a heel cord tenotomy. However, age, sex, and laterality were not associated with the need for tenotomy.
Influence of patellofemoral joint degeneration on clinical outcomes after medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Wu Limin , Chen Quan , Si Haibo , Wu Yuangang , Zeng Yi , Li Mingyang , Liu Yuan , Shen Bin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Patellofemoral joint (PFJ) degeneration has traditionally been regarded as a contraindication to unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). More recently, some researchers have proposed that PFJ degeneration can be ignored in medial UKA, and others have proposed that this change should be reviewed in PFJ degenerative facets and severity. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of PFJ degeneration on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and revision rates after medial UKA.

Methods:
Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, etc.) were searched for studies assessing the influence of PFJ degeneration on medial UKA. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted for the Oxford knee score (OKS), Knee society score (KSS), and revision rates and stratified by PFJ degenerative facets (medial/lateral/trochlear/unspecified), severe PFJ degeneration (bone exposed), and bearing type (mobile/fixed). Heterogeneity was assessed by the Cochran Q test statistic and chi-squared tests with the I-squared statistic.

Results:
A total of 34 articles with 7007 knees (2267 with PFJ degeneration) were included (5762 mobile-bearing and 1145 fixed-bearing) and 100 unspecified. Slight to moderate degenerative changes in the medial and trochlear facets did not decrease the OKS and KSS, and only lateral facets significantly decreased the OKS (mean difference [MD] = −2.18, P
< 0.01) and KSS (MD = −2.61, P
< 0.01). The severity degree of PFJ degeneration had no additional adverse effect on the OKS, KSS, or revision rates. For mobile-bearing UKA, only lateral PFJ degeneration significantly decreased the OKS (MD = −2.21, P < 0.01) and KSS (MD = −2.44, P < 0.01). For fixed-bearing UKA, no correlation was found between PROMs/revision rates and PFJ degeneration.

Conclusion:
For medial mobile-bearing UKA, slight to moderate degenerative changes in the PFJ, except lateral facet, did not compromise PROMs or revision rates. For medial fixed-bearing UKA, although it might not be conclusive enough, PROMs or revision rates were not adversely affected by PFJ degeneration (regardless of the facet).
Role of neutrophil extracellular traps in inflammatory evolution in severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Kang Hongxin , Yang Yue , Zhu Lv , Zhao Xianlin , Li Juan , Tang Wenfu , Wan Meihua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a life-threatening acute abdominal disease with two peaks of death: the first in the early stage, characterized by systemic inflammatory response-associated organ failure; and the second in the late stage, characterized by infectious complications. Neutrophils are the main immune cells participating in the whole process of SAP. In addition to the traditional recognition of neutrophils as the origination of chemokine and cytokine cascades or phagocytosis and degranulation of pathogens, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) also play an important roles in inflammatory reactions. We reviewed the role of NETs in the occurrence and development of SAP and its fatal complications, including multiple organs injury, infected pancreatic necrosis, and thrombosis. This review provides novel insights into the involvement of NETs throughout the entire process of SAP, showing that targeting NETs might be a promising strategy in SAP treatment. However, precision therapeutic options targeting NETs in different situations require further investigation.
Perioperative dexmedetomidine administration does not reduce the risk of acute kidney injury after non-cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Bin , Tian Tian , Li Xintao , Liu Weichao , Chen Yinggui , Jiang Tianyu , Chen Peishan , Xue Fushan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Post-operative acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common and serious complications after major surgery and is significantly associated with increased risks of morbidity and mortality. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine (Dex) administration on the occurrence of AKI and the outcomes of recovery after non-cardiac surgery.

Methods:
The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for studies comparing the effects of Dex vs. placebo on kidney function after non-cardiac surgery, and a pooled fixed-effect meta-analysis of the included studies was performed. The primary outcome was the occurence of post-operative AKI. The secondary outcomes included the occurence of intra-operative hypotension and bradycardia, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, duration of ICU stay, and hospital length of stay (LOS).

Results:
Six studies, including four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two observational studies, with a total of 2586 patients were selected. Compared with placebo, Dex administration could not reduce the odds of post-operative AKI (odds ratio (OR), 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.18–1.06; P = 0.07; I
2 = 0.00%, P = 0.72) in RCTs, but it showed a significant renoprotective effect (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.48–0.95; P = 0.02; I
2 = 0.00%, P = 0.36) in observational studies. Besides, Dex administration significantly increased the odds of intra-operative bradycardia and shortened the duration of ICU stay. However, there was no significant difference in the odds of intra-operative hypotension, ICU admission, and hospital LOS.

Conclusions:
This meta-analysis suggests that perioperative Dex administration does not reduce the risk of AKI after non-cardiac surgery. However, the quality of evidence for this result is low due to imprecision and inconsistent types of non-cardiac operations. Thus, large and high-quality RCTs are needed to verify the real effects of perioperative Dex administration on the occurrence of AKI and the outcomes of recovery after non-cardiac surgery.
Postural Tachycardia Syndrome and COVID-19: Focus on Ivabradine Therapy
Authors: Dixit Keshav , Frishman William H. 
Published: February 2023

In this article we discuss the association of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) with coronavirus-19 (COVID-19), ivabradine’s unique mechanism of action, and its use in POTS patients. We highlight the pathophysiology and common etiologies of POTS, including preceding viral infections, vaccines, trauma, surgeries, and other stressors. COVID-19, a viral illness, has been associated with POTS through a variety of mechanisms that are not yet well understood. The initial management strategy for POTS is largely nonpharmacological, focusing on increasing venous return to the heart through physical therapy or other exercise activities.
Ivabradine is a selective inhibitor of the funny sodium channels within the sinoatrial node. This unique mechanism of action allows for the reduction of heart rate without any effect on the heart’s ionotropic activity. With an increase in the number of POTS cases, especially during the COVID pandemic, the importance of utilizing new medications and management strategies for POTS becomes imperative. Though ivabradine is currently only approved for the management of patients with coronary artery disease and heart failure by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), it has also proven to be effective at reducing symptoms among patients with refractory POTS, and thus, should be considered for the management of patients who do not respond to initial treatment strategies.
Evaluation of Limited Sampling Strategies for Bayesian Estimation of Daptomycin Area Under the Concentration–Time Curve: A Short Communication
Authors: Tuloup Vianney , Millet Aurélien , Taricco Alessandra , Parant François , Ferry Tristan , Goutelle Sylvain 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
Increasing evidence supports daptomycin therapeutic drug monitoring. The author's reference center used to perform therapeutic drug monitoring in patients who receive high-dose daptomycin for bone and joint infections, with a three-sample strategy to estimate the daptomycin daily area under the concentration–time curve (AUC). The objective of this study was to evaluate simpler strategies based on only 2 or 1 sample(s).

Methods:
The authors used the BestDose software to estimate the daptomycin AUC after Bayesian posterior estimation of individual pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters at steady state. The reference AUC (AUCfull) was based on 3 samples obtained predose (T0) and approximately 1 hour (T1) and 6 hours (T6) after the start of a 30-minute infusion of IV daptomycin. It was compared with the AUC based on all possible 2-sample and 1-sample strategies. Bias, imprecision, regression, and Bland–Altman plots were used to assess the performance of the alternative strategies.

Results:
Data from 77 patients were analyzed. The mean AUCfull value was 936 ± 373 mg·h/L. The best 2-sample strategy was T0 + T6, with a mean prediction bias of 0.13 mg·h/L and absolute imprecision of 3%. The T0 + T1 strategy also performed well with a mean bias of −10 mg·h/L and imprecision of 3%. The best 1-sample strategy was the T6 sample only with a bias of 2.19 mg·h/L and imprecision of 6%.

Conclusions:
Bayesian estimation of daptomycin AUC based on a two-sample strategy was associated with negligible bias and imprecision compared with the author's usual three-sample strategy. The trough and peak strategy may shorten and simplify patient visits and reduce assay labor and costs.
Effects of mixed heavy metals on kidney function in premenopausal and postmenopausal women
Authors: Nguyen Hai Duc 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the relationships between heavy metals (cadmium, lead, and mercury) and their mixtures and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.MethodsUsing data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009-2017), multivariate linear regression models, marginal effects, and weighted quantile sum regression, we assessed the associations between single heavy metals and their mixtures and eGFR among 5,372 women.ResultsRisks of reduced eGFR, comorbidities, and heavy metal exposure were found to be higher in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women. A negative association of cadmium (β= −2.97; 95% CI, −5.10 to −0.85) and a positive association of mercury (β= 2.97; 95% CI, 1.49 to 4.44), with eGFR in postmenopausal women. Inverse associations of lead with eGFR in both premenopausal women (β= −4.75; 95% CI, −6.04 to −3.46) and postmenopausal women (β= −4.54; 95% CI, −6.96 to −2.13). Interactions were identified between lead and mercury, as well as cadmium and lead for eGFR among premenopausal women (β= −2.04; 95% CI, −2.98 to −1.10) and postmenopausal women (β= −3.52; 95% CI, −6.04 to −1.01), respectively. There was a negative association between mixed heavy metals and eGFR in both premenopausal women (β= −2.23; 95% CI, −3.51 to −0.96) and postmenopausal women (β= −3.86; 95% CI, −6.89 to −0.83). Lead was found as a key chemical related to reduced eGFR. Cutoff values for each heavy metal concentration related to eGFR were provided.ConclusionPostmenopausal women were more influenced by mixed heavy metals' effects on kidney function than premenopausal women. Early interventions (eg, water filtering, heavy metal yearly screening) in women, especially postmenopausal women, are needed to reduce the incidence of chronic kidney disease.
A Study of the Reliability, Validity, and Physiological Changes of Sit-to-Stand Tests in People With Heart Failure
Authors: Adsett Julie A. , Bowe Rachel , Kelly Rebecca , Louis Menaka , Morris Norman , Hwang Rita 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to describe the psychometric properties and physiological response of the five times sit-to-stand (STST-5) and 60-sec sit-to-stand test (STST-60) in adults with heart failure (HF).

Methods:
People with HF enrolled in a 12-wk exercise rehabilitation program completed two STST-5 and two STST-60 as part of their usual baseline and follow-up assessments. Test-retest reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the two STSTs were described. Results were correlated with the 6-min walk test (6MWT) and timed up and go test (TUGT), and rating of perceived exertion and physiological responses were compared between all tests. Feasibility was also reported according to the presence of adverse events and adherence to the protocol.

Results:
Forty-nine adults with HF participated in this study. Intraclass correlation coefficients of the STST-5 and STST-60 were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.78-0.96) and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.93-0.98), respectively. The STST-60 was strongly associated with both the 6MWT (r = 0.76) and the TUGT (r
s =−0.77). The STST-5 was strongly associated with the TUGT (r
s = 0.79) and moderately associated with the 6MWT (r
s =−0.70). Rating of perceived exertion and lower limb fatigue were greater in the STST-60 than in the 6MWT (P < .001) or STST-5 (P < .001). Adverse events occurred in five participants undertaking the STST-60 and one participant undertaking the STST-5.

Conclusions:
The STST-5 and STST-60 are reliable and valid measures of functional exercise capacity in people with HF.
Efficacy and Safety of Exercise Testing and Rehabilitation for Aortic Dissection Patients
Authors: Jepsen Lau Røge , D'Oria Mario , Pedersen Steen Fjord , Budtz-Lilly Jacob 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
Although physical exercise has established benefits for long-term cardiovascular health, concern regarding further aortic events has limited the evidence for exercise among aortic dissection (AD) patients. The objective was to perform a scoping review of the current concepts and gaps in the literature regarding the benefit and safety of cardiovascular testing and rehabilitation among post-AD patients.

Review Methods:
A scoping review of the literature search was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Eligibility criteria included any studies with AD in relation to exercise rehabilitation or testing and physical or mental health. Electronic databases were queried for relevant studies (last queried, November 1, 2021).

Results:
Six observational studies were included with a total of 381 patients with AD, all of whom underwent surgical intervention. Study heterogeneity prevented data synthesis and a formal systematic review, although four dominant themes emerged: cardiovascular-related outcomes, aorta-related outcomes, quality of life (QoL), and serious adverse events. Patients with AD have reduced baseline physical capacity and QoL. Rehabilitation programs may increase both physical status and QoL. Rates of serious adverse rates are minimal yet poorly defined.

Conclusions:
Within the context of apparent benefits from cardiovascular testing and rehabilitation for patients with AD who have undergone intervention, this scoping review highlights the need for increased comparative research specific to exercise among patients with AD and outcomes such as mortality and reinterventions.
Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Health Coaching in Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Duke Jennifer D. , Moua Teng , Ridgeway Jennifer L. , Roy Madison , Benzo Maria , Hoult Johanna , Benzo Roberto 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
Pulmonary rehabilitation is a behavioral modification intervention shown to improve exercise tolerance and patient-reported quality of life in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease. Home-based rehabilitation may provide easier access for those who struggle to complete center-based rehabilitation programs due to increased symptom burden or frailty.

Methods:
We present the quantitative and qualitative findings of a pilot study of 21 patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease who participated in a 12-wk home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program with activity monitoring and health coaching.

Results:
Pre- and post-intervention patient-reported outcome questionnaires suggested improvements in dyspnea and respiratory-related quality of life but were underpowered to meet statistical significance. Half had increases in mean daily step counts while a quarter declined because of disease progression. Qualitative analysis of semistructured participant interviews suggested a significant baseline disease burden with related secondary impacts, including anxiety regarding disease progression and prognosis. Many who participated had no specific program expectations or self-determined goals but still found the program impactful, particularly on their abilities to adapt and cope with the disease.

Conclusion:
Our study suggests feasibility in a diverse set of patients with varying severity and diagnostic subtypes. We also provide quantitative and qualitative aspects of program impact on patient well-being and highlight the complex interaction between measured physical and self-reported outcomes and disease experience.
Recommendations for Medical Discharge Documentation and Academic Supports for University Students Recovering From Concussion
Authors: Memmini Allyssa K. , Popovich Michael J. , Schuyten Kristen H. , Herring Stanley A. , Scott Katie L. , Clugston James R. , Choe Meeryo C. , Bailey Christopher M. , Brooks M. Alison , Anderson Scott A. , McCrea Michael A. , Kontos Anthony P. , Wallace Jessica S. , Mihalik Johna K. Register , Kasamatsu Tricia M. , McLeod Tamara Valovich , Rawlins Michelle L. Weber , Snedden Traci R. , Kaplan Matthew , Akani Briana , Orr La'Joya C. L. , Hasson Rebecca E. , Rifat Sami F. , Broglio Steven P. 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
This study sought to (1) collate the experiences of university students with concussion history and academic stakeholders through interviews and (2) develop concussion management recommendations for institutions of higher learning using a multidisciplinary Delphi procedure.

Setting:
Remote semistructured interviews and online surveys.

Participants:
The first aim of this study included undergraduate university students with concussion history who did not participate in varsity athletics (n = 21; 57.1% female), as well as academic faculty/staff with experience assisting university students with their postconcussion academic needs (n = 7; 71.4% female). The second aim enrolled 22 participants (54.5% female) to serve on the Delphi panel including 9 clinicians, 8 researchers, and 5 academic faculty/staff.

Design:
An exploratory-sequential mixed-methods approach.

Main Measures:
Semistructured interviews were conducted to unveil barriers regarding the return-to-learn (RTL) process after concussion, with emergent themes serving as a general framework for the Delphi procedure. Panelists participated in 3 stages of a modified Delphi process beginning with a series of open-ended questions regarding postconcussion management in higher education. The second stage included anonymous ratings of the recommendations, followed by an opportunity to review and/or modify responses based on the group's consensus.

Results:
The results from the semistructured interviews indicated students felt supported by their instructors; however, academic faculty/staff lacked information on appropriate academic supports and/or pathways to facilitate the RTL process. Of the original 67 statements, 39 achieved consensus (58.2%) upon cessation of the Delphi procedure across 3 main categories: recommendations for discharge documentation (21 statements), guidelines to facilitate a multidisciplinary RTL approach (10 statements), and processes to obtain academic supports for students who require them after concussion (8 statements).

Conclusions:
These findings serve as a basis for future policy in higher education to standardize RTL processes for students who may need academic supports following concussion.