bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi-omics approach identifies bHLH71-like as a positive regulator of yellowing leaf pepper mutants exposed to high-intensity light
Authors: Liu Zhoubin , Mao Lianzhen , Yang Bozhi , Cui Qingzhi , Dai Yunhua , Li Xueqiao , Chen Yisong , Dai Xiongze , Zou Xuexiao , Ou Lijun , Yang Sha 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Light quality and intensity can have a significant impact on plant health and crop productivity. Chlorophylls and carotenoids are classes of plant pigments that are responsible for harvesting light energy and protecting plants from the damaging effects of intense light. Our understanding of the role played by plant pigments in light sensitivity has been aided by light-sensitive mutants that change colors upon exposure to light of variable intensity. In this study, we conducted transcriptomic, metabolomic, and hormone analyses on a novel yellowing mutant of pepper (yl1) to shed light on the molecular mechanism that regulates the transition from green to yellow leaves in this mutant upon exposure to high-intensity light. Our results revealed greater accumulation of the carotenoid precursor phytoene and the carotenoids phytofluene, antheraxanthin, and zeaxanthin in yl1 compared with wild-type plants under high light intensity. A transcriptomic analysis confirmed that enzymes involved in zeaxanthin and antheraxanthin biosynthesis were upregulated in yl1 upon exposure to high-intensity light. We also identified a single basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factor, bHLH71-like, that was differentially expressed and positively correlated with light intensity in yl1. Silencing of bHLH71-like in pepper plants suppressed the yellowing phenotype and led to reduced accumulation of zeaxanthin and antheraxanthin. We propose that the yellow phenotype of yl1 induced by high light intensity could be caused by an increase in yellow carotenoid pigments, concurrent with a decrease in chlorophyll accumulation. Our results also suggest that bHLH71-like functions as a positive regulator of carotenoid biosynthesis in pepper.
Evidence for an effective defence against ocean acidification in the key bioindicator pteropod Limacina helicina
Authors: Miller M R , Oakes R L , Covert P A , Ianson D , Dower J F 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The pteropod Limacina helicina has become an important bioindicator species for the negative impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on marine ecosystems. However, pteropods diversified during earlier high CO2 periods in Earth history and currently inhabit regions that are naturally corrosive to their shells, suggesting that they possess mechanisms to survive unfavourable conditions. Recent work, which is still under considerable debate, has proposed that the periostracum, a thin organic coating on the outer shell, protects pteropods from shell dissolution. Here, we provide direct evidence that shows that damage to the L. helicina periostracum results in dissolution of the underlying shell when exposed to corrosive water for ∼8 d, while an intact periostracum protects the shell from dissolution under the same conditions. This important first line of defence suggests that pteropods are more resistant to OA-induced shell dissolution than is generally accepted.
A systematic review and physiology of pulmonary artery pulsatility index in left ventricular assist device therapy
Authors: Yim Ivan H W , Khan-Kheil Ayisha M , Drury Nigel E , Lim Hoong Sern 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Right heart failure (RHF) is a major complication following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. Pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPi) has been evaluated as a haemodynamic marker for RHF, but PAPi is dependent on pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). We conducted a systematic review to assess the relationship between PAPi and RHF and death in patients undergoing LVAD implantation and examined the relationship between PAPi cut-off and PVR.

METHODS
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL and manually screened retrieved references to identify all clinical studies reporting PAPi in adult patients with a durable LVAD. Eligibility criteria were prespecified and 2 reviewers independently screened and extracted data; the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to assess quality of non-randomized studies. This study was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021259009).

RESULTS
From 283 unique records, we identified 16 studies reporting haemodynamic assessment in 20 634 adult patients with an implanted durable LVAD. Only 2 studies reported on mortality and in both, a lower PAPi was significantly associated with death. Fifteen studies reported RHF data and, in 10 studies, a lower PAPi was significantly associated with RHF. Six studies reported on PAPi cut-offs ranging from 0.88 to 3.3; and the cut-offs were directly related to PVR (r = 0.6613, P = 0.019).

CONCLUSIONS
Lower PAPi was associated with RHF and death following LVAD implantation, but a single PAPi cut-off cannot be defined, as it is dependent on PVR.
The effects of dietary essential fatty acid ratios and energy level on growth performance, lipid metabolism, and inflammation in grow-finish pigs
Authors: Becker Spenser L , Humphrey Dalton C , Karriker Locke A , Brown Justin T , Skoland Kristin J , Greiner Laura L 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) level and the ratio of linoleic acid:α-linolenic acid (LA:ALA) on the growth performance, lipid metabolism, circulatory and joint inflammatory status, and synovial fluid proteome of grow-finish pigs. A total of 224 pigs (BW = 41.5 ± 6.1 kg; PIC Genus 337 × 1050, Hendersonville, TN) were randomly assigned to either a high (3.55 Mcal/kg; HE) or low (3.29 Mcal/kg; LE) ME dietary treatment with a high (23:1) or low (12:1) LA:ALA in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Diets were fed across three 28-d phases. Pigs were housed either four barrows or four gilts per pen. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 21, 42, and 84. Synovial fluid was collected from the hock and carpus joints on days 0 and 84. Liver and adipose tissue samples were collected on day 84. Data were analyzed as repeated measures using PROC MIXED (SAS 9.4) with pen as the experimental unit and energy level, essential fatty acid ratio, sex, phase, and their interactions as fixed effects. Compared to LE, HE increased days 28, 56, and 84 body weight (BW; P = 0.005). For the overall period, HE increased average daily gain (ADG) compared to LE (P &lt; 0.001) and improved feed efficiency (P = 0.001), while LE increased feed intake compared to HE (P &lt; 0.001). Gilts receiving diets with low LA:ALA had similar final BW to barrows receiving a low LA:ALA at days 28, 56, and 84 (P = 0.024), resulting from improved overall days 0–84 ADG compared to gilts receiving the high LA:ALA (P = 0.031). In the liver, HE decreased the mRNA abundance of acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACACA; P = 0.004), cluster of differentiation 36 (P = 0.034), and tended to decrease fatty acid synthase (FASN; P = 0.056). In adipose tissue, HE decreased ACACA (P = 0.001) and FASN (P = 0.017). Plasma inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) were reduced on day 84 compared to day 0 (P ≤ 0.014). In the hock and carpus synovial fluid, LE tended to reduce CRP and TNFα (P ≤ 0.096). Hock and carpus synovial fluid CRP were also reduced on day 84 compared to day 0 (P = 0.001). Age of the pig impacted serum and hock synovial fluid protein abundance, but not energy level, LA:ALA, or their interactions (P &lt; 0.05). To conclude, the high and low LA:ALA ratios utilized in this study can be fed at varying energy levels without impacting growth. Additionally, LA:ALA ratios can differentially impact the growth of barrows and gilts.
The Impact-based Regulatory Strategy in Environmental Law: Hallmark of Effectiveness or Pitfall for Legitimacy?
Authors: Soininen Niko , Romppanen Seita , Nieminen Mika , Soimakallio Sampo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
EU environmental law increasingly adopts an impact-based regulatory strategy that places biophysical sciences in a significant role not only in designing regulation but also in interpreting and implementing the law. While crucial for the effectiveness of environmental law, such a regulatory strategy creates challenges for the legitimacy of EU environmental law. This article traces the shift from a behaviour-based to impact-based regulation in this context and analyses the latter in light of Lon L. Fuller’s eight classic criteria for the rule of law to expose the legitimacy challenges. Focusing on the EU Water Framework Directive and the Land-use Change and Forestry Regulation, this study shows that EU environmental law suffers from serious shortcomings in securing legal legitimacy and concludes by highlighting how this may be improved going forward.
Interaction behavior for multiple embedded cracks subjected to bending load in creep regimes
Authors: Gao Zhifang , Zhao Lei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Multiple cracks growing from pre-existing defects during the manufacturing/installation process or from small cracks initiated are primary concerns in evaluating the structural integrity. In this study, the interaction behavior for coplanar multiple embedded cracks subjected to bending load in creep regimes was studied using numerical simulation approach. Influences of crack configurations (crack shape, crack depth, and crack distance) and creep properties on creep interaction factor and C* distribution along the embedded cracks were evaluated based on the three-dimensional finite element solutions. Due to the interaction among the multiple cracks, the C* distribution was asymmetric along the crack front and the C* values were pronounced as the cracks approached each other. Moreover, crack depth, crack distance, and creep exponent significantly affected the creep interaction factor and crack shape had limited influence. However, the maximum creep interaction factor did not coincide with the maximum C* values occurring along the crack front. The creep interaction factor determined by the average C* values along the crack front was employed to represent the intensity effect of multiple embedded cracks on the crack growth behavior. Finally, an empirical relation was proposed for estimating crack creep interaction factors of embedded cracks.
Modelling the variable emission states of γ-ray-emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies
Authors: Luashvili Anna , Boisson Catherine , Zech Andreas , Arrieta-Lobo Maialen , Kynoch Daniel 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
γ-ray-emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (γ-NLS1) constitute an intriguing small population of active galactic nuclei with γ-ray emission resembling low-power flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQ), but with differing physical properties. They are jetted, γ/radio-loud Seyfert galaxies, with relatively low black hole masses, accreting at exceptionally high, near-Eddington rates. Certain of these sources exhibit highly variable emission states on relatively short time-scales, the physical origin of which remains elusive. In this work, varying emission states of two bona fide NLS1s, 1H 0323+342 and PMN J0948+0022, and one little-studied FSRQ/intermediate object, B2 0954+25A, are examined. For each source, we analysed quasi-simultaneous multiwavelength data for different states of γ-ray activity and present the results of their broad-band emission modelling, taking into account all available physical constraints to limit the range of the model parameters. Two different scenarios are discussed, in the framework of a one-zone leptonic model, where the high-energy emission is due to the inverse Compton scattering of the disc and broad line region (BLR) or torus photons by relativistic electrons within the jet. The transition from low to high state is well described by variations of the jet parameters, leaving the external photon fields unchanged. The parameterization favours an emission scenario with particle injection on a stationary shock inside the jet. When considering all physical constraints, the disc and BLR scenario is preferred for all three sources. We use the multi-epoch modelling to characterize total jet powers and discuss the intrinsic nature of γ-NLS1 galaxies and FSRQs.
The Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey: narrow-band image photometry
Authors: Serrano S , Gaztañaga E , Castander F J , Eriksen M , Casas R , Navarro-Gironés D , Alarcon A , Bauer A , Cabayol L , Carretero J , Fernandez E , Neissner C , Renard P , Tallada-Crespí P , Tonello N , Sevilla-Noarbe I , Crocce M , García-Bellido J , Hildebrandt H , Hoekstra H , Joachimi B , Miquel R , Padilla C , Sánchez E , de Vicente J 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
PAUCam is an innovative optical narrow-band imager mounted at the William Herschel Telescope built for the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS). Its set of 40 filters results in images that are complex to calibrate, with specific instrumental signatures that cannot be processed with traditional data reduction techniques. In this paper, we present two pipelines developed by the PAUS data management team with the objective of producing science-ready catalogues from the uncalibrated raw images. The Nightly pipeline takes care of entire image processing, with bespoke algorithms for photometric calibration and scatter-light correction. The Multi-Epoch and Multi-Band Analysis pipeline performs forced photometry over a reference catalogue to optimize the photometric redshift (photo-z) performance. We verify against spectroscopic observations that the current approach delivers an inter-band photometric calibration of 0.8 per cent across the 40 narrow-band set. The large volume of data produced every night and the rapid survey strategy feedback constraints require operating both pipelines in the Port d’Informació Cientifica data centre with intense parallelization. While alternative algorithms for further improvements in photo-z performance are under investigation, the image calibration and photometry presented in this work already enable state-of-the-art photo-z down to iAB = 23.0.
Suicidal ideation and attempts in brain tumor patients and survivors: A systematic review
Authors: Mofatteh Mohammad , Mashayekhi Mohammad Sadegh , Arfaie Saman , Chen Yimin , Malhotra Armaan K , Alvi Mohammed Ali , Sader Nicholas , Antonick Violet , Fatehi Hassanabad Mostafa , Mansouri Alireza , Das Sunit , Liao Xuxing , McIntyre Roger S , Del Maestro Rolando , Turecki Gustavo , Cohen-Gadol Aaron A , Zadeh Gelareh , Ashkan Keyoumars 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Subsequent to a diagnosis of a brain tumor, psychological distress has been associated with negative effects on mental health as well as suicidality. The magnitude of such impact has been understudied in the literature. We conducted a systematic review to examine the impact of a brain tumor on suicidality (both ideation and attempts).

Methods
In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, we searched for relevant peer-reviewed journal articles on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception to October 20, 2022. Studies investigating suicide ideation and/or attempt among patients with brain tumors were included.

Results
Our search yielded 1,998 articles which were screened for eligibility. Seven studies consisting of 204,260 patients were included in the final review. Four studies comprising 203,906 patients (99.8%) reported elevated suicidal ideation and suicide attempt incidence compared with the general population. Prevalence of ideation and attempts ranged from 6.0% to 21.5% and 0.03% to 3.33%, respectively. Anxiety, depression, pain severity, physical impairment, glioblastoma diagnosis, male sex, and older age emerged as the primary risk factors associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation and attempts.

Conclusion
Suicidal ideation and attempts are increased in patients and survivors of brain tumors compared to the general population. Early identification of patients exhibiting these behaviors is crucial for providing timely psychiatric support in neuro-oncological settings to mitigate potential harm. Future research is required to understand pharmacological, neurobiological, and psychiatric mechanisms that predispose brain tumor patients to suicidality.
Pacific Barrow’s Goldeneye refine migratory phenology in response to overwintering temperatures and annual snowmelt
Authors: Kemp Jesse , Boyd W Sean , Forstner Tesia M , Esler Daniel , Bowman Timothy D , Douglas David C , Hogan Danica , McAdie Malcolm , Thompson Jonathan E , Willie Megan , Green David J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Timing of seasonal bird migrations is broadly determined by internal biological clocks, which are synchronized by photoperiod, but individuals often refine their migratory timing decisions in response to external factors. Using 11 years of satellite telemetry data, we show that Pacific Barrow’s Goldeneye (Bucephala islandica) at higher latitudes initiated spring and molt migrations later and fall migration earlier than individuals at lower latitudes. We further show that individuals refined migratory timing in response to interannual variation in environmental conditions. Individual Barrow’s Goldeneye initiated spring migration earlier in years with warmer springs at their overwintering locations and concluded spring migration earlier in years with earlier annual snowmelt on their breeding grounds. Because individuals respond to conditions both where they initiate and where they conclude spring migration, our results suggest that Barrow’s Goldeneye update their migratory decisions en route. For all 3 migrations in their annual cycle, birds delayed initiating migration if they had been captured and tagged prior to that migration. Birds that initiated migration late for their latitude were less likely to include a stopover and completed that migration faster, partially compensating for delayed departures. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that Barrow’s Goldeneye uses a combination of endogenous cues and environmental cues in migratory decision making. Sensitivity to environmental cues suggests that Barrow’s Goldeneye may have behavioral plasticity that is adaptive when faced with ongoing climate change.
Partial Melting under Shallow-Crustal Conditions: A Study of the Pleistocene Caldera Eruption of Mendeleev Volcano, Southern Kuril Island Arc
Authors: Kotov Alexey , Smirnov Sergey , Nizametdinov Ildar , Uno Masaoki , Tsuchiya Noriyoshi , Maksimovich Ivan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The southern part of the Kuril Island Arc is one of the world’s most active modern volcanic zones, with widespread felsic caldera volcanism, but it has been less well studied compared with other arcs. The Mendeleev caldera-forming eruption (40 ka) on Kunashir Island, southern Kurils, is one of the most explosive Pleistocene eruptions to have occurred in this region. This study aimed to establish the origin and storage conditions of magma preceding the Pleistocene caldera eruption of Mendeleev volcano. Mineralogical and melt inclusion analyses reveal that the primary melts had felsic compositions and that the early stage of magmatic evolution involved amphibole breakdown into a two-pyroxene, plagioclase, and Fe–Ti oxide assemblage under pressure–temperature conditions of 107–314 MPa and 807–932°C. The caldera-forming products are represented by dacitic pumice composed of plagioclase + augite + hypersthene+ quartz + Fe–Ti oxides and melt with uniform low-K rhyolite composition. Pre-eruptive magma was stored in a reservoir at 77–195 MPa (3.0–7.6 km depth) and 830–890°C under H2O-saturated conditions. The mechanism of magmatic evolution implies the following two-step scenario: (1) generation of magma by the partial melting of an amphibole-bearing substrate accompanied by the formation of early Mg-rich clino- and orthopyroxene, plagioclase, Fe–Ti oxides, and peritectic rhyolitic melt; and (2) crystallization of late plagioclase and quartz directly from these partial melts. Local or regional extension during the Pleistocene, accompanied by increasing heat flow in the supra-subduction mantle, generated an active mafic intrusion into the upper crust. This process was accompanied by abundant subaerial eruptions of basaltic volcanoes and could have caused intense heating and partial melting of upper-crustal rocks. Our results indicate that the partial melting of amphibole-bearing substrates in island arcs may serve as a universal mechanism for the generation of silicic magmas during powerful caldera eruptions in young island arcs.
Freeze! Financial Sanctions and Bank Responses
Authors: Efing Matthias , Goldbach Stefan , Nitsch Volker 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Using regulatory data, we study German bank lending in countries targeted by financial sanctions. We find that domestic banks in Germany reduce lending in sanctioned countries, whereas their foreign bank affiliates outside Germany increase lending. In some cases, this is because the bank affiliates’ host countries have not imposed sanctions themselves. However, even German bank affiliates in host countries that enact sanctions like Germany increase lending if these host countries lack strong institutions and anticrime policies. These findings suggest that even universally adopted sanctions distort bank capital flows and competition if the level of their enforcement varies across bank locations.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online
Lipidomic and comparative transcriptomic analysis of fatty acid synthesis pathway in Carya illinoinensis embryo
Authors: Lyu Yun-Zhou , Jiang Hao , Sun Hai-Nan , Yang Yong , Chao Yang , Huang Li-Bin , Dong Xiao-Yun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis (Wagenh.) K. Koch) is an important oilseed nut and is rich in fatty acids (FAs) and flavonols. Pecan FA has significantly edible, industrial and clinical value. To investigate the dynamic patterns and compositions of FA, and the molecular mechanism that controls FA accumulation in pecan, lipidomic and transcriptomic analyses were performed to determine lipid profiles and gene expression in pecan’s FA biosynthesis pathway. In the present study, compared with cultivars ‘Caddo’ and ‘Y-01’, ‘Mahan’ formed larger and heavier embryos and accumulated higher oil content. Lipidomic analysis showed that FA and (O-acyl)-1-hydroxy FA contents were higher in ‘Mahan’ at the mature stage. Based on full-length and comparative RNA-Seq, differential expression gene enrichment analysis revealed that many functional genes participated in the pathways of ‘fatty acid biosynthesis’, ‘fatty acid metabolism’ and ‘linoleic acid metabolism’. High FA accumulation model from ‘Mahan’ demonstrated that key enzyme-encoding genes played an important role in regulating FA biosynthesis. Co-expression module analysis indicated that several transcription factors (TFs; MYB, TCP, bHLH, Dof, ERF, NAC) were involved in FA accumulation by regulating the expression of functional genes, and real-time quantitative PCR verification proved that these TFs had a high correlation with the pecan FA accumulation pattern. These findings provided an insight into the molecular mechanism of FA accumulation in C. illinoinensis embryo, which contributes to pecan oil yielding and pecan molecular breeding.