bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic and cost‐effectiveness of axial skeleton MRI in staging high‐risk prostate cancer
Authors: El‐Taji Omar , Evans Hannah , Arora Vandan , Amin Suzanne , Kumar Manal , Rajan Thiagarajan Nambi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionCurrent literature suggests that axial skeleton magnetic resonance imaging (AS‐MRI) is more sensitive than Tc 99m bone scintigraphy (BS) for detecting bone metastases (BM) in high‐risk prostate cancer (PCa). However, BS is still widely performed. Its diagnostic accuracy has been studied; however, its feasibility and cost implications are yet to be examined.MethodsWe reviewed all patients with high risk PCa undergoing AS‐MRI over a 5‐year period. AS‐MRI was performed on patients with histologically confirmed PCa and either PSA > 20 ng/ml, Gleason ≥8, or TNM Stage ≥T3 or N1 disease. All AS‐MRI studies were obtained using a 1.5‐T AchievaPhilips™MRI scanner. We compared the AS‐MRI positivity and equivocal rate with that of BS. Data were analysed according to Gleason score, T‐stage and PSA. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to quantify the strength of association between positive scans and clinical variables. Feasibility and burden of expenditure was also evaluated.ResultsFive hundred three patients with a median age of 72 and a mean PSA of 34.8 ng/ml were analysed. Eighty‐eight patients (17.5%) were positive for BM on AS‐MRI (mean PSA 99 [95% CI 69.1–129.9]). Comparatively 409 patients (81.3%) were negative for BM on AS‐MRI (mean PSA 24.7 (95% CI [21.7–27.7]) (p = 0.007); 1.2% (n = 6) of patients had equivocal results (mean PSA 33.4 [95% CI 10.5–56.3]). There was no significant difference in age (p = 0.122) between this group and patients with a positive scan, but there was a significant difference in PSA (p = 0.028), T stage (p = 0.006) and Gleason score (p = 0.023). In comparison with BS, AS‐MRI detection rate was equivalent or higher compared with the literature. Based on NHS tariff calculations, there would be a minimum cost saving of £8406.89. All patients underwent AS‐MRI within 14 days.ConclusionThe use of AS‐MRI to stage BM in high‐risk PCa is both feasible and results in a reduced burden of expenditure.
Oxygen reduction performance measurements: Discrepancies against benchmarks
Authors: Zaman Shahid , Douka Abdoulkader I. , Noureen Laila , Tian Xinlong , Ajmal Zeeshan , Wang Haijiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOxygen electrocatalysis is crucial for renewable energy conversion and storage technologies. Specifically for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the primary reaction that determines performance and costs. The ORR activity and durability are commonly assessed using a rotating disk electrode (RDE). However, there are numerous inconsistencies in the RDE measurements among researchers when comparing newly developed ORR catalysts to state‐of‐the‐art ones. These inconsistencies in activity and durability evaluation and deviations from standard protocols result in irreproducible screening and benchmarking of electrocatalysts. Despite the fact that the US Department of Energy has established and regularly revises the standard protocols, many reported studies do not adhere to these guidelines. This perspective aims to draw attention to the discrepancies in ORR activity and stability measurements at RDE as primary screening and emphasizes implementing the mandatory standard for a meaningful comparison of ORR activity and durability. We intend to emphasize the use of available ORR test standards ubiquitously for more accurate comparisons and accelerate the development of fuel cell catalysts.
Corporate environmental ethics and employee's green creativity? The perspective of environmental commitment
Authors: Song Wenhao , Ma Yingying , Fan Xiucheng , Peng Xuerong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany companies have become aware of the importance of green creativity for sustainable development in the face of an increasingly critical global environmental situation. As employee's green creativity serves as an important foundation for corporate green creativity, we divide green creativity at the employee level into green incremental and radical creativity and construct a theoretical framework to assess the effects of corporate environmental ethics on these two types of green creativity. We distribute 195 valid leader–employee matching questionnaires to a variety of companies in China. We find that corporate environmental ethics has a positive effect on both incremental and radical green creativity. Furthermore, we discover that employee environmental commitment partially mediates the association between corporate environmental ethics and the two types of green creativity identified above. Sustainable human resources management (HRM) plays a moderating role between corporate environmental ethics and environmental commitment and moderates the indirect effects of corporate environmental ethics on the two types of green creativity through the promotion of environmental commitment. These findings suggest that companies should improve their corporate environmental ethics and sustainable HRM to encourage employees to enhance their own environmental commitment and, in turn, increase their green incremental and radical creativity levels. Our study has significant implications for enhancing business innovation and achieving sustainable development. Finally, we also address the theoretical and practical implications of our findings.
Polymeric concentrated electrolyte enables simultaneous stabilization of electrode/electrolyte interphases for quasi‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Yang Guanming , Hou Wangshu , Zhai Yanfang , Chen Zongyuan , Liu Chengyong , Ouyang Chuying , Liang Xiao , Paoprasert Peerasak , Hu Ning , Song Shufeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo achieve next‐generation lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with desirable specific energy and reliability, the electrolyte shown simultaneously high reductive stability toward lithium metal anode and oxidative stability toward high‐voltage cathode is of great importance. Here, we report for the first time that high‐concentration lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) initiates ring‐opening polymerization of 1,3‐dioxolane in presence of ethylene carbonate and ethylmethyl carbonate to produce in‐situ a novel polymeric concentrated quasi‐solid electrolyte (poly‐CQSE). The unique poly‐CQSE with 10 M LiFSI forms a mixed‐lithiophobic‐conductive LiF‐Li3N solid electrolyte interphase on lithium metal anode, and a F‐rich conformal cathode electrolyte interphase on LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM523) cathode simultaneously. As a result, the poly‐CQSE not only enables stable Li plating/stripping of metallic Li anode at a sound Coulombic efficiency of 95.3% without dendrite growth, but also enables a stable cycling of the Li||NCM523 quasi‐solid‐state LMB at a capacity retention of 94% over 100 cycles.image
Quantifying the Root-to-Shoot Transfer of 4,4ʹ-Methylenedianiline Using Pressure Chamber and Intact Plant Methods
Authors: Wight Jeffrey , Doucette William 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The high-production-volume chemical 4,4ʹ-methylenedianiline (4,4ʹ-MDA) is an aromatic amine used to manufacture 4,4ʹ-methylenedianiline diisocyanate for polyurethane production. Based on 4,4ʹ-MDA's octanol/water partition coefficient (KOW) and correlations with the transpiration stream concentration factor (TSCF), significant plant uptake and root-to-shoot transfer are predicted. However, most correlations between KOW and TSCF were developed for neutral organics and may not be applicable for ionizable bases such as 4,4ʹ-MDA. To investigate, TSCF values for 4,4ʹ-MDA were measured using pressure chamber and intact plant approaches for tomato, soybean, and wheat (intact plants only). 14C-labeled 4,4'-MDA was used to increase analytical sensitivity and facilitate measurement of distribution within plant tissues. The TSCF of 14C-MDA determined using the pressure chamber method was 0.04 ± 0.00 for tomato and 0.17 ± 0.10 for soybean. These values were lower than predicted from log KOW and within the range of values for 14C-pyrene also measured in our study (0.14 ± 0.00 for tomato and 0.16 ± 0.09 for soybean). The TSCF values calculated from measurements made from intact plants grown to maturity were statistically equivalent to those obtained from the pressure chamber method for soybean and tomato. The distributions of 14C within the three plants species were similar, with the roots &gt; leaves ≈ stems &gt; fruit. The log root concentration factors for 4,4ʹ-MDA ranged from 3.68 to 4.33 for the three plant species. This finding indicates that the aromatic amine sorption to root materials is much greater than would be predicted based on its log KOW and may be the reason for the limited root-to-shoot transfer observed in the pressure chamber and intact plant studies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:655–662. © 2023 SETAC
Evaluating the Functional Equivalency of Test Organism Performance in Negative and Solvent Controls During Chronic Sediment Ecotoxicity Studies Based on US Environmental Protection Agency Guidance
Authors: Valenti Theodore , Kabler Kent , Dreier David , Henry Kevin , Jones Alan , McCoole Matt , Cafarella Mark , Collins Jennifer , Bradley Michael , Samel Alan , Basu Manoit 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) considers sediment toxicity tests as conditional registration requirements for pesticides with soil Kd ≥50 L/kg-solid, Koc ≥1000 L/kg-organic carbon, or log Kow ≥3. The hydrophobicity of these compounds often necessitates use of solvents to ensure accurate and homogeneous dosing of spiked-sediment studies. For sediment tests, a volatile solvent (e.g., acetone) is generally used as a transient carrier. Due to low water solubility, test material is dissolved in a volatile solvent to create stock solutions. A measured aliquot of stock solution is then mixed with sand substrate, after which the solvent is evaporated. This spiking process results in negligible solvent exposure to organisms. In 2016, USEPA released final ecotoxicity test guidelines for subchronic freshwater (850.1735) and marine (850.1740) sediment test. These methods provide an option for conducting experiments with only a solvent control and no negative control. To adopt this testing strategy, functional equivalency between the negative and solvent control must be demonstrated. These test guidelines describe specific factors that should be considered for evaluating functional equivalency, including (a) the concentration of solvent in the test sediment after evaporation, (b) the levels of solvent that are known to affect organism health, (c) the known impurities in the solvent and their potential impact on organism health, and (d) the historical organism performance of solvent versus negative controls. Our analysis considers these factors and overall supports the elimination of the negative control requirement because this change is unlikely to impact the robustness or interpretability of spiked-sediment toxicity tests. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1740–1746. © 2023 CropLife America. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
The bumpy road of trauma‐focused treatment: Posttraumatic stress disorder symptom exacerbation in people with psychosis
Authors: Burger Simone R. , Hardy Amy , van der Linden Tineke , van Zelst Catherine , de Bont Paul A. J. , van der Vleugel Berber , Staring Anton B. P. , de Roos Carlijn , de Jongh Ad , Marcelis Machteld , van Minnen Agnes , van der Gaag Mark , van den Berg David P. G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractConcern for symptom exacerbation and treatment drop‐out is an important barrier to the implementation of trauma‐focused therapy (TFT), especially in people with a psychotic disorder. This study, which was part of a multicenter randomized controlled trial, investigated posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom exacerbation during eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) therapy and prolonged exposure (PE) in a sample of 99 participants with PTSD and psychosis. Symptom exacerbations during the first four sessions (early exacerbation) and between‐session exacerbations over the course of therapy were monitored using the PTSD Symptom Scale–Self Report. Analyses of covariance and chi‐square tests were conducted to investigate exacerbation rates and their associations with treatment response and drop‐out. Both early exacerbation and between‐session exacerbation were relatively common (32.3% and 46.5%, respectively) but were unrelated to poor treatment response or an increased likelihood of treatment drop‐out. Both clinicians and patients need to be aware that symptom exacerbation during TFT is common and not related to poor outcomes. Symptom exacerbation can be part of the therapeutic process, should be acknowledged and guided, and should not be a barrier to the implementation of TFT in people with psychosis.
CRISPR‐Cas13d effectively targets SARS‐CoV‐2 variants, including Delta and Omicron, and inhibits viral infection
Authors: Liu Zongzhi , Gao Xiang , Kan Chuanwen , Li Lingyu , Zhang Yuan , Gao Yibo , Zhang Shengyuan , Zhou Liangji , Zhao Hui , Li Mingkun , Zhang Zheng , Sun Yingli 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe recent pandemic of variants of concern (VOC) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) highlights the need for innovative anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 approaches in addition to vaccines and antiviral therapeutics. Here, we demonstrate that a CRISPR‐Cas13‐based strategy against SARS‐CoV‐2 can effectively degrade viral RNA. First, we conducted a cytological infection experiment, screened CRISPR‐associated RNAs (crRNAs) targeting conserved regions of viruses, and used an in vitro system to validate functional crRNAs. Reprogrammed Cas13d effectors targeting NSP13, NSP14, and nucleocapsid transcripts achieved >99% silencing efficiency in human cells which are infected with coronavirus 2, including the emerging variants in the last 2 years, B.1, B.1.1.7 (Alpha), D614G B.1.351 (Beta), and B.1.617 (Delta). Furthermore, we conducted bioinformatics data analysis. We collected the sequence information of COVID‐19 and its variants from China, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that these crRNA oligos could target almost 100% of the SARS‐CoV family, including the emerging new variant, Omicron. The reprogrammed Cas13d exhibited high specificity, efficiency, and rapid deployment properties; therefore, it is promising for antiviral drug development. This system could possibly be used to protect against unexpected SARS‐CoV‐2 variants carrying multiple mutations.
Bank credit and corporate innovation investment: The role of government risk sharing
Authors: Lin Zhi , Lu Xiaoyong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper builds a difference‐in‐difference model (DID) to study the impact of government risk sharing policies on corporate innovation investment. High‐tech firms are used as the experimental group to test the effect of policy shocks. It is shown that government risk sharing may ease financing constrains, which will increase corporate innovation investment. The results suggest that the effect of government risk‐sharing policies on bank credit is short‐run, while the effect on corporate innovation investment is more sustainable. In addition, the government risk‐sharing ratio is inversely proportional to the loan rates and the success rate of innovation.
Visualising Africa at diaspora expense? How and why humanitarian organisations ignore diaspora audiences in their ‘ethical’ communications
Authors: Ademolu Edward 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCritical commentaries on visual constructions of distant suffering within humanitarian communication research have critiqued and problematised how International non‐governmental organisations (INGOs) frame Black and Brown distant ‘Others.’ However, much focus has been on the implications of these mediated imageries for overseas communities, while African diaspora have received much less attention. African diaspora is critical in current debates around representation, especially given increased criticisms around the ethicality of INGO fundraising communications for UK‐situated Black racialised publics. This article thus complicates existing debates by repositioning the empirical preoccupation with distant Others ‘over there,’ towards UK‐situated African diaspora ‘over here.’ Using interview evidence with UK‐based INGO professionals involved in the production and dissemination of imageries of humanitarian issues, it explores how INGOs construe African diaspora populations in considerations around, and implications of, the ethicality of their communications. Revealing that African diaspora are largely absent or ‘afterthoughts’ in INGO consciousness and practices for three central reasons. (1) They are not considered distinct and differentiated donor audiences worthy of strategic prioritisation, (2) Implicit professional/organisational ‘whiteness’ limits reflexive foresight of potential implications (negative or positive) of communications for diaspora and, (3) INGOs temporise over the (im)practicalities of ‘diaspora inclusive’ agendas for ethical communication.
The Red List for the endemic trees of Colombia: Effective conservation targeted for plants required in biodiversity hotspots
Authors: Lopez‐Gallego Cristina , Morales‐Morales Paula A. 
Published: January 2023

Societal Impact StatementConserving trees is fundamental to maintaining forests, which are home to about half of the global biodiversity and provide unmeasurable benefits to people. Colombia has 5868 known species of trees, 1148 of which are endemic to the country. Unfortunately, 45% of the endemic trees of Colombia are threatened with extinction, and therefore, the ecosystem services they provide might be in jeopardy. This study represents an important contribution to conservation planning for the endemic trees of a megadiverse country and highlights critical considerations for their conservation.Summary

Colombia has a very rich tree flora and high levels of tree endemism. As a contribution to the “Global Tree Assessment”, we assessed 860 species to complete the Red List of the 1148 endemic trees of the country. The information is being used to support spatial conservation planning as Key Biodiversity Areas identification.
To categorize the species according to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List guidelines, we used geographic occurrences obtained from herbarium specimens. We carried out detailed analysis of habitat quantity and quality (using forest cover and human footprint maps) and documented anthropogenic threats and conservation actions.
Almost half (45%) of the endemic trees were categorized as threatened. Most species had small distributions (with an extent of occurrence of less than 40,000 km2). Endemic tree occurrences were more common in the Andes and Magdalena regions, which have very high human footprint and consequently a large proportion of threatened species. The major threat to endemic trees was habitat destruction, due mainly to deforestation for livestock and crops. Many endemic trees were present in protected areas (65%), but threatened and non‐threatened species had low coverage with habitat protection, and many of their populations persist in disturbed habitats.
Colombia has hundreds of threatened endemic trees, most of them in global biodiversity hotspots, with very few proactive conservation actions. It is urgent to increase the coverage of endemic tree populations in area‐based conservation strategies and to complement this with ex situ and other conservation actions.
Disease progression modeling of the North Star Ambulatory Assessment for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Hibma Jennifer E. , Jayachandran Priya , Neelakantan Srividya , Harnisch Lutz O. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare genetic disorder caused by decreased or absent dystrophin gene leading to progressive muscle degeneration and weakness in young boys. Disease progression models for the North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA), a functional measurement widely used to assess outcomes in clinical trials, were developed using a longitudinal population modeling approach. The relationship between NSAA total score over time, loss of ambulation, and potential covariates that may influence disease progression were evaluated. Data included individual participant observations from an internal placebo‐controlled phase II clinical trial and from the external natural history database for male patients with DMD obtained through the Cooperative International Neuromuscular Research Group (CINRG). A modified indirect response model for NSAA joined to a loss of ambulation (LOA) time‐to‐event model described the data well. Age was used as the independent variable because ambulatory function is known to vary with age. The NSAA and LOA models were linked using the dissipation rate constant parameter from the NSAA model by including the parameter as a covariate on the hazard equation for LOA. No covariates were identified. The model was then used as a simulation tool to explore various clinical trial design scenarios. This model contributes to the quantitative understanding of disease progression in DMD and may guide model‐informed drug development decisions for ongoing and future DMD clinical trials.
Fast Conversion of Three‐Particle Dicke States to Four‐Particle Dicke States with Rydberg Superatoms
Authors: Liu Ying‐Li , Ji Yan‐Qiang , Han Xue , Cui Wen‐Xue , Zhang Shou , Wang Hong‐Fu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDicke states play an important role in quantum information processing and quantum computing. Here, by virtue of quantum Zeno dynamics and shortcuts to adiabaticity, a scheme for fast conversion of three‐particle symmetric Dicke states to four‐particle symmetric Dicke states () with Rydberg superatoms is proposed. This scheme can be completed within one step through adjusting the Rabi frequencies of classical fields. Moreover, the effect of decoherence induced by atomic spontaneous emission and leakage of the cavity on fidelities are considered. The numerical simulation demonstrates that this scheme has high fidelities and robustness against decoherence.
Superior Thermoelectric Performance of SiGe Nanowires Epitaxially Integrated into Thermal Micro‐Harvesters
Authors: Sojo‐Gordillo Jose Manuel , Sierra Carolina Duque , Gadea Diez Gerard , Segura‐Ruiz Jaime , Bonino Valentina , Nuñez Eroles Marc , Gonzalez‐Rosillo Juan Carlos , Estrada‐Wiese Denise , Salleras Marc , Fonseca Luis , Morata Alex , Tarancón Albert 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSemiconductor nanowires have demonstrated fascinating properties with applications in a wide range of fields, including energy and information technologies. Particularly, increasing attention has focused on SiGe nanowires for applications in a thermoelectric generation. In this work, a bottom‐up vapour‐liquid‐solid chemical vapour Deposition methodology is employed to integrate heavily boron‐doped SiGe nanowires on thermoelectric generators. Thermoelectrical properties –, i.e., electrical and thermal conductivities and Seebeck coefficient – of grown nanowires are fully characterized at temperatures ranging from 300 to 600 K, allowing the complete determination of the Figure‐of‐merit, zT, with obtained values of 0.4 at 600 K for optimally doped nanowires. A correlation between doping level, thermoelectric performance, and elemental distribution is established employing advanced elemental mapping (synchrotron‐based nano‐X‐ray fluorescence). Moreover, the operation of p‐doped SiGe NWs integrated into silicon micromachined thermoelectrical generators is shown over standalone and series‐ and parallel‐connected arrays. Maximum open circuit voltage of 13.8 mV and power output as high as 15.6 µW cm−2 are reached in series and parallel configurations, respectively, operating upon thermal gradients generated with hot sources at 200 °C and air flows of 1.5 m s−1. These results pave the way for direct application of SiGe nanowire‐based micro‐thermoelectric generators in the field of the Internet of Things.