bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SuPAR mediates viral response proteinuria by rapidly changing podocyte function
Authors: Wei Changli , Datta Prasun K. , Siegerist Florian , Li Jing , Yashwanth Sudhini , Koh Kwi Hye , Kriho Nicholas W. , Ismail Anis , Luo Shengyuan , Fischer Tracy , Amber Kyle T. , Cimbaluk David , Landay Alan , Endlich Nicole , Rappaport Jay ,   Michigan Medicine COVID−19 Investigators, Vasbinder Alexi , Anderson Elizabeth , Catalan Tonimarie , Pizzo Ian , Bitterman Brayden , Erne Grace , Machado-Diaz Kristen , Presswalla Feriel , Nelapudi Namratha , Amadi Kingsley-Michael , Bardwell Alina , Blakely Pennelope , Huang Yiyuan , Banerjee Mousumi , Pop-Busui Rodica , Hayek Salim S. , Reiser Jochen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractElevation in soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR) and proteinuria are common signs in patients with moderate to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here we characterize a new type of proteinuria originating as part of a viral response. Inoculation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes increased suPAR levels and glomerulopathy in African green monkeys. Using an engineered mouse model with high suPAR expression, inhaled variants of SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein elicite proteinuria that could be blocked by either suPAR antibody or SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. In a cohort of 1991 COVID-19 patients, suPAR levels exhibit a stepwise association with proteinuria in non-Omicron, but not in Omicron infections, supporting our findings of biophysical and functional differences between variants of SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein and their binding to podocyte integrins. These insights are not limited to SARS-CoV-2 and define viral response proteinuria (VRP) as an innate immune mechanism and co-activation of podocyte integrins.
A green compliant hand-held selective electrode device for monitoring active pharmaceuticals and the kinetics of their degradation
Authors: Badr ElDin Norhan , Dabbish Eslam , Fawaz Esraa , Abd El-Rahman Mohamed K. , Shoeib Tamer 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn in-line smartphone connected to a screen-printed selective electrode hand-held device was used to determine the concentration of distigmine bromide (DB) in its pure and dosage forms as well as its degradation kinetics by continuously measuring the change in the produced emf over time. The main objective, supported by the data presented, is to produce a highly reliable smartphone integrated selective sensor as a portable analyzer with potential high cloud connectivity combining a wide linear dynamic range, the fastest response time with the lowest limits of detection and quantitation while best integrating green analytical chemistry principles. The choice of ionophore used in this approach was guided by computation and the data obtained was compared with traditional analytical techniques. DB, for which there are no previously reported stability-indicating methods and for which four novel such methods are proposed here, was selected as a model drug for this work. At-line UV-spectrophotometry DB assay was obtained by measuring the difference between the spectra of the degradation product and the same concentration of intact drug. The degradation kinetics were studied by this method through tracking the decrease of DB absorbance and/or the increase of a generated degradation product signal over time. Off-line separation based HPLC and TLC stability-indicating methods for DB were also presented. All methods employed in this work were validated for accuracy, precision, specificity, repeatability, linearity, range, detection and quantification limits according to the ICH guidelines and were applied to the analysis of laboratory prepared mixtures as well as commercial products. While all methods proposed were shown to be highly reliable, the smartphone integrated selective sensor is highlighted as a portable analyzer with potential high cloud connectivity and was shown to combine a wide linear dynamic range, the fastest response time with the lowest limits of detection and quantitation while best integrating green analytical chemistry principles.
Evolutionary games on multilayer networks: coordination and equilibrium selection
Authors: Raducha Tomasz , San Miguel Maxi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study mechanisms of synchronisation, coordination, and equilibrium selection in two-player coordination games on multilayer networks. We investigate three possible update rules: the replicator dynamics (RD), the best response (BR), and the unconditional imitation (UI). Players interact on a two-layer random regular network. The population on each layer plays a different game, with layer I preferring the opposite strategy to layer II. We measure the difference between the two games played on the layers by a difference in payoffs, and the inter-connectedness by a node overlap parameter. We discover a critical value of the overlap below which layers do not synchronise, i.e. they display different levels of coordination. Above this threshold both layers typically coordinate on the same strategy. Surprisingly, there is a symmetry breaking in the selection of equilibrium—for RD and UI there is a phase where only the payoff-dominant equilibrium is selected. It is not observed, however, for BR update rule. Our work is an example of previously observed differences between the update rules. Nonetheless, we took a novel approach with the game being played on two inter-connected layers. As we show, the multilayer structure enhances the abundance of the Pareto-optimal equilibrium in coordination games with imitative update rules.
Enhanced optimization-based method for the generation of patient-specific models of Purkinje networks
Authors: Berg Lucas Arantes , Rocha Bernardo Martins , Oliveira Rafael Sachetto , Sebastian Rafael , Rodriguez Blanca , de Queiroz Rafael Alves Bonfim , Cherry Elizabeth M. , dos Santos Rodrigo Weber 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCardiac Purkinje networks are a fundamental part of the conduction system and are known to initiate a variety of cardiac arrhythmias. However, patient-specific modeling of Purkinje networks remains a challenge due to their high morphological complexity. This work presents a novel method based on optimization principles for the generation of Purkinje networks that combines geometric and activation accuracy in branch size, bifurcation angles, and Purkinje-ventricular-junction activation times. Three biventricular meshes with increasing levels of complexity are used to evaluate the performance of our approach. Purkinje-tissue coupled monodomain simulations are executed to evaluate the generated networks in a realistic scenario using the most recent Purkinje/ventricular human cellular models and physiological values for the Purkinje-ventricular-junction characteristic delay. The results demonstrate that the new method can generate patient-specific Purkinje networks with controlled morphological metrics and specified local activation times at the Purkinje-ventricular junctions.
Diet effects on colonic health influence the efficacy of Bin1 mAb immunotherapy for ulcerative colitis
Authors: Thomas Sunil , Dilbarov Nickey , Kelly Joseph , Mercogliano Giancarlo , Prendergast George C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic disease of the large intestine linked to high fat-high protein diets, a dysbiotic microbiome, and a metabolome linked to diet and/or aberrant circadian rhythms associated with poor sleeping patterns. Understanding diet-affected factors that negatively influence colonic health may offer new insights into how to prevent UC and enhance the efficacy of UC immunotherapy. In this preclinical study, we found that standard or high fiber diets in mice positively influenced their colonic health, whereas a high fat-high protein diet negatively influenced colonic health, consistent with clinical findings. Animals fed a high fat/high protein diet experienced obesity and a reduced colon length, illustrating a phenotype we suggest calling peinosis [hunger-like-condition; Greek, peina: hunger; osis: condition], as marked by a lack of nutrient energy remaining in fecal pellets. Notably, a high fat/high protein diet also led to signs of muscle weakness that could not be explained fully by weight gain. In contrast, mice on a high fiber diet ranked highest compared to other diets in terms of colon length and lack of muscle weakness. That said, mice on a high fiber diet were more prone to UC and toxic responses to immunotherapy, consistent with clinical observations. Recent studies have suggested that a standard diet may be needed to support the efficacy of immunotherapeutic drugs used to prevent and treat UC. Here we observed that protection against UC by Bin1 mAb, a passive UC immunotherapy that acts by coordinately enforcing intestinal barrier function, protecting enteric neurons, and normalizing the microbiome, was associated with increased colonic levels of healthful short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), particularly butyric acid and propionic acid, which help enforce intestinal barrier function. This work offers a preclinical platform to investigate how diet affects UC immunotherapy and the potential of dietary SCFA supplements to enhance it. Further, it suggests that the beneficial effects of passive immunotherapy by Bin1 mAb in UC treatment may be mediated to some extent by promoting increased levels of healthful SCFA.
Hybrid approach for solving real-world bin packing problem instances using quantum annealers
Authors: V. Romero Sebastián , Osaba Eneko , Villar-Rodriguez Esther , Oregi Izaskun , Ban Yue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEfficient packing of items into bins is a common daily task. Known as Bin Packing Problem, it has been intensively studied in the field of artificial intelligence, thanks to the wide interest from industry and logistics. Since decades, many variants have been proposed, with the three-dimensional Bin Packing Problem as the closest one to real-world use cases. We introduce a hybrid quantum-classical framework for solving real-world three-dimensional Bin Packing Problems (), considering different realistic characteristics, such as: (1) package and bin dimensions, (2) overweight restrictions, (3) affinities among item categories and (4) preferences for item ordering. permits the solving of real-world oriented instances of 3 dBPP, contemplating restrictions well appreciated by industrial and logistics sectors.
Extremely large area (88 mm × 88 mm) superconducting integrated circuit (ELASIC)
Authors: Das Rabindra N. , Bolkhovsky Vladimir , Wynn Alex , Birenbaum Jeffrey , Golden Evan , Rastogi Ravi , Zarr Scott , Tyrrell Brian , Johnson Leonard M. , Schwartz Mollie E. , Yoder Jonilyn L. , Juodawlkis Paul W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSuperconducting integrated circuit is a promising “beyond-CMOS” device technology enables speed-of-light, nearly lossless communications to advance cryogenic (4 K or lower) computing. However, the lack of large-area superconducting IC has hindered the development of scalable practical systems. Herein, we describe a novel approach to interconnect 16 high-resolution deep UV (DUV EX4, 248 nm lithography) full reticle circuits to fabricate an extremely large (88 mm × 88 mm) area superconducting integrated circuit (ELASIC). The fabrication process starts by interconnecting four high-resolution DUV EX4 (22 mm × 22 mm) full reticles using a single large-field (44 mm × 44 mm) I-line (365 nm lithography) reticle, followed by I-line reticle stitching at the boundaries of 44 mm × 44 mm fields to fabricate the complete ELASIC field (88 mm × 88 mm). The ELASIC demonstrated a 2X–12X reduction in circuit features and maintained high-stitched line superconducting critical currents. We examined quantum flux parametron circuits to demonstrate the viability of common active components used for data buffering and transmission. Considering that no stitching requirement for high-resolution EX4 DUV reticles is employed, the present fabrication process has the potential to advance the scaling of superconducting qubits and other tri-layer junction-based devices.
Research on stress curve clustering algorithm of Fiber Bragg grating sensor
Authors: Lin Yisen , Wang Ye , Qu Huichen , Xiong Yiwen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe global stress distribution and state parameter analysis of the building's main structure is an urgent problem to be solved in the online state assessment technology of building structure health. In this paper, a stress curve clustering algorithm of fiber Bragg grating stress sensor based on density clustering algorithm is proposed. To solve the problem of large dimension and sparse sample space of sensor stress curve, the distance between samples is measured based on improved cosine similarity. Aiming at the problem of low efficiency and poor effect of traditional clustering algorithm, density clustering algorithm based on mutual nearest neighbor is used to cluster. Finally, the classification of the daily stress load characteristics of the sensor is realized, which provides a basis for constructing the mathematical analysis model of building health. The experimental results show that the stress curve clustering method proposed in this paper is better than the latest clustering algorithms such as HDBSCAN, CBKM, K-mean++,FINCH and NPIR, and is suitable for the feature classification of stress curves of fiber Bragg grating sensors.
Low NH3/H2O ratio in comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE) at 0.7 au from the Sun
Authors: Drozdovskaya Maria N. , Bockelée-Morvan Dominique , Crovisier Jacques , McGuire Brett A. , Biver Nicolas , Charnley Steven B. , Cordiner Martin A. , Milam Stefanie N. , Opitom Cyrielle , Remijan Anthony J. 
Published: July 2023

Context. A lower-than-solar elemental nitrogen content has been demonstrated for several comets, including 1P/Halley and 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/C-G) with independent in situ measurements of volatile and refractory budgets. The recently discovered semi-refractory ammonium salts in 67P/C-G are thought to be the missing nitrogen reservoir in comets.
Aims. The thermal desorption of ammonium salts from cometary dust particles leads to their decomposition into ammonia (NH3) and a corresponding acid. The NH3/H2O ratio is expected to increase with decreasing heliocentric distance with evidence for this in near-infrared observations. NH3 has been claimed to be more extended than expected for a nuclear source. Here, the aim is to constrain the NH3/H2O ratio in comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE) during its July 2020 passage.
Methods. OH emission from comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE) was monitored for 2 months with the Nançay Radio Telescope (NRT) and observed from the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) on 24 July and 11 August 2020. Contemporaneously with the 24 July 2020 OH observations, the NH3 hyperfine lines were targeted with GBT. From the data, the OH and NH3 production rates were derived directly, and the H2O production rate was derived indirectly from the OH.
Results. The concurrent GBT and NRT observations allowed the OH quenching radius to be determined at (5.96 ± 0.10) × 104 km on 24 July 2020, which is important for accurately deriving Q(OH). C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE) was a highly active comet with Q(H2O) ≈ 2 × 1030 mol s−1 one day before perihelion. The 3σ upper limit for QNH3 / QH2O is < 0.29% at 0.7 au from the Sun.
Conclusions. The obtained NH3/H2O ratio is a factor of a few lower than measurements for other comets at such heliocentric distances. The abundance of NH3 may vary strongly with time depending on the amount of water-poor dust in the coma. Lifted dust can be heated, fragmented, and super-heated; whereby, ammonium salts, if present, can rapidly thermally disintegrate and modify the NH3/H2O ratio.
Förster resonance energy transfer characterization in hybrid of poly-TPD/MDMO-PPV-DMP
Authors: Al-Asbahi Bandar Ali 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The current work focused on investigating the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism from the donor, poly[bis(4-butypheny)-bis(phenyl)benzidine] (poly-TPD), to the acceptor, poly[2-methoxy-5-(3,7-dimethyl-octyloxy)−1,4-phenylenevinylene]-end capped with Dimethylphenyl (MDMO-PPV–DMP). The solution blending method was utilized to prepare the poly-TPD/MDMO-PPV–DMP hybrids with various content. The improvement in energy transfer from poly-TPD to MDMO-PPV–DMP with increasing acceptor content was confirmed by analyzing absorption and emission spectra. The efficient energy transfer in the hybrids is evident from the shorter quantum yield and lifetime of the donor in the hybrids compared to those in pure poly-TPD. The parameters that govern FRET, such as Stern–Volmer value (k
SV), quenching rate value (k
q), Förster radius (R0), distance between the molecules of poly-TPD and MDMO-PPV–DMP (RDA), energy transfer lifetime (τ
ET), energy transfer rate (k
ET), total decay rate of the donor (TDR), critical concentration (Ao), and conjugation length (A
π
) could be adjusted by increasing the acceptor content in the hybrids. Furthermore, the red shifting of CIE coordinates upon increasing the acceptor content is additional confirmation for the efficient of FRET in the hybrids.
Inverse potentials for all ℓ channels of neutron-proton scattering using reference potential approach
Authors: Khachi Anil , Kumar Lalit , Awasthi Ayushi , Sastri O S K S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Reference potential approach (RPA) has been successful in obtaining inverse potentials for weakly bound diatomic molecules using the Morse function. In this work, our goal is to construct inverse potentials for all the available ℓ-channels of np-scattering using RPA. Riccati-type phase equations for various ℓ-channels are solved using 5th order Runge-Kutta method to obtain the scattering phase shifts (SPS) in tandem with an optimisation procedure to minimize mean squared error (MSE). Interaction potentials for a total of 18 states have been constructed using only a three parameter Morse interaction model. The obtained MSE is <1% for 1
S
0, 3
P
1 and 3
D
1 channels and <2% for 1
P
1 channel and <0.1% for rest of the 14 channels. Total scattering cross-sections at various lab energies obtained using RPA are found to match well with experimental ones. A complete study of the np-scattering using RPA has been undertaken using Morse function as zeroth reference for the first time.
Testing charge quantization with axion string-induced cosmic birefringence
Authors: Winston Yin Weichen , Dai Liang , Ferraro Simone 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We demonstrate that the Peccei-Quinn-electromagnetic anomaly coefficient 𝒜 can be directly measured from axion string-induced cosmic birefringence by applying scattering transform to the anisotropic polarization rotation of the cosmic microwave background. This breaks the degeneracy between 𝒜 and the effective number of string loops in traditional inference analyses that are solely based on the spatial power spectrum of polarization rotation. Carrying out likelihood-based parameter inference on mock rotation realizations generated according to phenomenological string network models, we show that scattering transform is able to extract enough non-Gaussian information to clearly distinguish a number of discrete 𝒜 values, for instance 𝒜=1/9, 1/3, 2/3, in the ideal case of noise-free rotation reconstruction, and, to a lesser but interesting degree at reconstruction noise levels comparable to that expected for the proposed CMB-HD concept. In the event of a statistical detection of cosmic birefringence by Stage III or IV CMB experiments, our technique can be applied to test the stringy nature of the birefringence pattern and extract fundamental information about the smallest unit of charge in theories beyond the Standard Model.
A Catalog and Statistical Analysis for Magnetic Stars
Authors: Rustem Abdurepqet , Lü Guo-Liang , Liu Jin-Zhong , Zhu Chun-Hua , Zhang Yu , Shen Dong-Xiang , Zhang Yu-Hao , He Xiao-Long 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Magnetic fields are significant in the structure and evolution of stars. We present a comprehensive catalog of 1784 known magnetic stars, detailing their identifications, HD numbers, precise locations, spectral types and averaged quadratic effective magnetic fields among other important information. The group comprises 177 O-type stars, 551 B-type stars, 520 A-type stars, 91 F-type stars, 53 G-type stars, 61 K-type stars, 31 M-type stars and an additional 300 stars whose spectral classification remains indeterminate. Our analysis examines the statistical properties of these magnetic stars. The relative integrated distribution function and number distribution function for all magnetic stars of the same spectral type can be effectively approximated using an exponential function of the averaged quadratic effective magnetic field. The analysis further reveals that A and B-type stars possess the strongest mean magnetic fields, indicating an easier detection of their magnetic fields.
Amorphous gallium oxide homojunction-based optoelectronic synapse for multi-functional signal processing
Authors: Li Rongliang , Lin Yonghui , Li Yang , Gao Song , Yue Wenjing , Kan Hao , Zhang Chunwei , Shen Guozhen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the era of accelerated development in artificial intelligence as well as explosive growth of information and data throughput, underlying hardware devices that can integrate perception and memory while simultaneously offering the benefits of low power consumption and high transmission rates are particularly valuable. Neuromorphic devices inspired by the human brain are considered to be one of the most promising successors to the efficient in-sensory process. In this paper, a homojunction-based multi-functional optoelectronic synapse (MFOS) is proposed and testified. It enables a series of basic electrical synaptic plasticity, including paired-pulse facilitation/depression (PPF/PPD) and long-term promotion/depression (LTP/LTD). In addition, the synaptic behaviors induced by electrical signals could be instead achieved through optical signals, where its sensitivity to optical frequency allows the MFOS to simulate high-pass filtering applications in situ and the perception capability integrated into memory endows it with the information acquisition and processing functions as a visual system. Meanwhile, the MFOS exhibits its performances of associative learning and logic gates following the illumination with two different wavelengths. As a result, the proposed MFOS offers a solution for the realization of intelligent visual system and bionic electronic eye, and will provide more diverse application scenarios for future neuromorphic computing.
Magnetic Topology and the Structure of the Slow Solar Wind
Authors: Asgari-Targhi M , Asgari-Targhi A , Habbal S R 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present a 3D reduced magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) model of reflection driven Alfvén wave turbulence in an open magnetic field positioned near the solar equator. The non-linear interactions between outward and inward propagating waves generate turbulence. The RMHD equations describing the turbulence include the effects of solar wind outflow velocity on the dissipation of waves. For Alfvén wave turbulence to be a viable mechanism for heating the corona and accelerating the slow solar wind, there must be sufficient counter-propagating waves to generate the turbulence. In our previous study of the fast wind, we showed that the Alfvén wave turbulence model creates the energy needed for accelerating the fast solar wind, when observed density fluctuations are included in the model. Here, we will explore whether the conditions of the equatorial corona, a source of slow solar wind, are capable of generating sufficient Alfvén wave turbulence to account for the acceleration of the slow wind. We show that for a specific sets of model parameters, the energy from the Alfvén wave turbulence model is smaller by an order of magnitude than the energy needed to heat and accelerate the slow solar wind.