bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical sensitivity and specificity of a high-throughput microfluidic nano-immunoassay combined with capillary blood microsampling for the identification of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG serostatus
Authors: Michielin Grégoire , Arefi Fatemeh , Puhach Olha , Bellon Mathilde , Sattonnet-Roche Pascale , L’Huillier Arnaud G. , Eckerle Isabella , Meyer Benjamin , Maerkl Sebastian J. 
Published: March 2023

Objectives
We evaluate the diagnostic performance of dried blood microsampling combined with a high-throughput microfluidic nano-immunoassay (NIA) for the identification of anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG seropositivity.

Methods
We conducted a serological study among 192 individuals with documented prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and 44 SARS-CoV-2 negative individuals. Participants with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection had a long interval of 11 months since their qRT-PCR positive test. Serum was obtained after venipuncture and tested with an automated electrochemiluminescence anti-SARS-CoV-2 S total Ig reference assay, a commercial ELISA anti-S1 IgG assay, and the index test NIA. In addition, 109 participants from the positive cohort and 44 participants from the negative cohort participated in capillary blood collection using three microsampling devices: Mitra, repurposed glucose test strips, and HemaXis. Samples were dried, shipped by regular mail, extracted, and measured with NIA.

Results
Using serum samples, we achieve a clinical sensitivity of 98·33% and specificity of 97·62% on NIA, affirming the high performance of NIA in participants 11 months post infection. Combining microsampling with NIA, we obtain a clinical sensitivity of 95·05% using Mitra, 61·11% using glucose test strips, 83·16% using HemaXis, and 91·49% for HemaXis after automated extraction, without any drop in specificity.

Discussion
High sensitivity and specificity was demonstrated when testing micro-volume capillary dried blood samples using NIA, which is expected to facilitate its use in large-scale studies using home-based sampling or samples collected in the field.
Drivers and drainers of compassion in intensive care medicine: An empirical study using video vignettes
Authors: Siddiqui Shahla , Hartog Christiane 
Published: March 2023

Background
The aim was to determine what factors drive and enhance compassionate care behaviors in the ICU setting and which factors drain and negate such caring attitudes and behaviors.

Methods
Qualitative, focus group discussions using video vignettes. 20 participants agreed to be part of 3 separate focus groups facilitated by the authors.

Results
Thematic analysis revealed emphasis on behavior and nonverbal cues, clinical decision making, communication and sensitivity, and building humane relations. The results show that physicians feel driven by the humanity and sensitivity felt in ICU work, however, there exists structural incompetence, as well as the stress and personal -systemic imbalances of ICU work, which leads to burnout and erosion of such motivations, draining compassion.

Conclusions
Regulatory and scheduling practices must be examined to foster the growth of compassionate behaviors and attitudes in healthcare, and these should be treated as essential patient centered metrics.
Market-based approach to promoting home fortification of diets with micronutrient powder through volunteer frontline health workers: A qualitative study
Authors: Rahman Mahfuzur , Uddin Md. Fakhar , Ahmed Tahmeed , Sarma Haribondhu 
Published: March 2023

Background
The potential of market-based approach in distributing micronutrient powder (MNP) through volunteer frontline health workers has been recognized. BRAC, the largest non-government organization (NGO) in Bangladesh, uses Shasthya Shebikas as volunteer frontline health workers to sell MNP for promotion of home fortification (HF) of diets for under-5 children. We aimed to understand the opportunities and challenges of BRAC’s market-based approach in promoting HF with MNP.

Methods
We conducted a descriptive qualitative study in the four selected districts of Bangladesh: Faridpur, Gaibandha, Rangpur, and Rajbari. In-depth interviews, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions were deployed to collect data from purposively-selected Shasthya Shebikas and their immediate supervisors at the field level-Shasthya Kormis, Field Organizers, Managers, and mothers or caregivers of under-5 children. We performed thematic analysis to analyze data.

Results
We have found that the Shasthya Shebikas play a critical role in promoting access of MNP by the mother/caregivers of children aged 6–59 months at the community level. They counsel the caregivers to seek primary advice about the product and also informally identify undernourished children so that they can receive special attention regarding the use of MNP. However, low profit margins, over-due payments for the sold sachets, poor collaboration with and free distribution of MNP by other NGOs, and inadequate training of Shasthya Shebikas on marketing of MNP have posed major challenges for them to perform as effective sales agents of the product.

Conclusion
The market-based approach in promoting HF with MNP through frontline volunteer health workers shows much potential, with ample opportunities and few possible challenges. Considering the dynamics, the intervention should fine-tune the factors crucial to maximizing the potentials of Shasthya Shebikas for marketing MNP and promoting HF in order to improve nutrition status of the infants and young children.
Review of electrocardiographic abnormalities among people living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
Authors: Semulimi Andrew Weil , Kyazze Andrew Peter , Kyalo Edward , Mukisa John , Batte Charles , Bongomin Felix , Ssinabulya Isaac , Kirenga Bruce J. , Okello Emmy 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities are increasingly being reported among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the exact prevalence of ECG abnormalities among PLWH in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), a region with one of the highest burdens of HIV, is not known. Through a systematic review, we determined the prevalence and patterns of ECG abnormalities among PLWH in SSA.

Methods
We conducted a search in online databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Research for Life for studies published between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2020. Studies reporting any form of ECG abnormalities published in English were screened and reviewed for eligibility. Retrieved studies were assessed for validity using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data was summarized qualitatively, and ECG abnormalities were further subcategorized into rate, conduction, and rhythm abnormalities as well as atrial and ventricular enlargements.

Results
We retrieved seventeen of the 219 studies assessed for eligibility published between 2001 and 2020, with a total of 2,572 eligible participants. The mean age of the participants ranged between 6.8 years and 58.6 years. Of the 17 studies, 8 (47%) were case-control, 6 (35.3%) cross-sectional and 3 (17.6%) were cohort in design. Thirteen studies were conducted in the adult population while four were conducted in the pediatric population. The prevalence of ECG abnormalities ranged from 10% to 81% and 6.7% to 26.5% in the adult and pediatric population respectively. Among studies done in the adult population, conduction abnormalities were the most reported (9 studies) with a prevalence ranging from 3.4% to 53.5%. In the pediatric population, rate abnormalities were the most reported (4 studies) with a prevalence ranging from 3.9% to 20.9%. The heterogeneity in results could be attributed to the absence of uniform criteria to define ECG abnormalities.

Conclusion
Our findings highlight a high prevalence of ECG abnormalities among PLWH in SSA. Consideration of ECG in the comprehensive evaluation of cardiac dysfunction among PLWH in SSA maybe warranted.
Effect of inferior oblique myectomy on ocular torsion according to the absence of the trochlear nerve in unilateral congenital superior oblique palsy
Authors: Moon Yeji , Lee Byung Joo 
Published: March 2023

Objectives
To evaluate the effect of inferior oblique (IO) myectomy on ocular torsion according to the absence of the trochlear nerve in unilateral congenital superior oblique palsy (UCSOP).

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients who had been diagnosed with UCSOP and underwent ipsilateral IO myectomy (n = 43). Patients were classified into the present and absent groups according to the absence of the trochlear nerve and superior oblique hypoplasia on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For quantitative analysis of ocular torsion, disc-fovea angles (DFA) were collected in both eyes using fundus photographs taken within three months before surgery and one month after surgery.

Results
DFA of the paretic eye did not differ according to the absence of the trochlear nerve (9.4±5.6° in the present group vs. 11.0±5.4° in the absent group, p = 0.508). However, the present group had a larger DFA in the non-paretic eye than the absent group (14.1±6.7° in the present group vs. 8.0±5.0° in the absent group, p = 0.003). The change of ocular torsion after IO myectomy in the paretic eye was -5.3±3.7° in the present group and -4.8±3.5° in the absent group, respectively (p = 0.801). In the non-paretic eye, the change in DFA was -1.5±3.0° in the present group, which was larger than that in the absent group (0.7±2.6°, p = 0.047). In the multivariate analysis, the change in DFA was correlated with only the preoperative DFA (standardized β = -0.617, p<0.001 in the paretic eye, and standardized β = -0.517, p<0.001 in the non-paretic eye).

Conclusions
In the paretic eye, there was no significant difference in the change of ocular torsion between both groups, whereas in the non-paretic eye, the present group had a larger change in DFA after IO myectomy than the absent group. However, in the multivariable analysis, the change in ocular torsion was significantly correlated with preoperative excyclotorsion but not with the presence of the trochlear nerve itself.
Ulcerative Colitis After Complicated Diverticulitis
Authors: Tursi Antonio , Nenna Rosanna , Papa Valerio 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
It has been recently shown that inflammatory bowel disease may follow an episode of acute complicated diverticulitis. We report 3 cases of ulcerative colitis after acute complicated diverticulitis that required surgery. All cases occurred in elderly patients with moderate-to-severe disease and 1 individual who also received treatment with biologics. These cases highlight the need for older patients to be strictly monitored after an episode of perforated diverticulitis requiring surgery because of the risk of developing ulcerative colitis.
A POOLED DATA ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE RISK FACTORS OF CHILDHOOD STUNTING IN INDONESIA
Authors: Siswati Tri , Paramashanti Bunga Astria , Pramestuti Nova , Waris Lukman 
Published: March 2023

Background: Stunting among children remains a public health concern in Indonesia, where the prevalence of stunting in rural areas is higher than in urban areas.Objectives: This study aimed to analyze risk factors for stunting and severe stunting among children aged 0-59 months in rural and urban Indonesia.Method: This cross-sectional study used pooled datasets from Indonesia’s Basic Health Research in 2007, 2010, and 2013. Our study samples included 38,246 children aged 0-59 months whose height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) was between -5.99 and 5.99 standard deviations. The primary outcomes were stunting and severe stunting, whereas dependent variables included factors at the child, household, and community levels. We apply Stata 13 for univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis.The prevalence of stunting and severe stunting was higher in rural than urban areas. On one hand, risk factors significantly associated with stunting and severe stunting in urban areas were low birth weight, maternal height, informal father’s occupation, low economic level, and children from East Indonesia and Sumatra. Furthermore, the father’s height was only associated with stunting, while the number of children >3 was only associated with severe stunting. On the other hand, risk factors age, low birth weight, maternal height, father’s height, household member 5-9 people, middle and low economic level were significantly associated with stunting and severe stunting in rural areas. Moreover, poor WASH was only associated with stunting, while informal mother occupation, low father education, number of household members > 9 people, and living in Sumatra and East Indonesia were associated with severe stunting in rural areas.Conclusion: Low birth weight, short parents, and economic income were risk factors for stunting and severe stunting children in urban and rural areas. Keywords: Children; Pooled data; Risk factors; Stunting
On correlation between canopy vegetation and growth indexes of maize varieties with different nitrogen efficiencies
Authors: Zhao Xia , Wang ShuaiLi , Wen Tao , Xu Jiamin , Huang Bao , Yan Shufeng , Gao Gangqiang , Zhao Yali , Li Hongping , Qiao Jiangfang , Yang Jinliang , Wu Lianhai , Wang Hongwei , Liu Tianxue , Mu Xinyuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Studying the canopy spectral reflection characteristics of different N-efficient maize varieties and analyzing the relationship between their growth indicators and spectral vegetation indices can help the breeding and application of N-efficient maize varieties. To achieve the optimal management of N fertilizer resources, developing N-efficient maize varieties is necessary. In this research, maize varieties, i.e., the low-N-efficient (Zhengdan 958, ZD958), the high-N efficient (Xianyu 335, XY335), the double-high varieties (Qiule 368, QL368), and the double inefficient-type varieties (Yudan 606 YD606), were used as materials. Results indicate that nitrogen fertilization significantly increased the vegetation indices NDVI, GNDVI, GOSAVI, and RVI of maize varieties with different nitrogen efficiencies. These findings were consistent with the performance of yield, dry matter mass, and leaf nitrogen content and were also found highest under both medium and high nitrogen conditions in the double-high variety QL368. The correlations of dry matter quality, leaf nitrogen content, yield, and vegetation indices (NDVI, GNDVI, RVI, and GOSAVI) at the filling stage of different N-efficient maize varieties were all highly significant and positive. In this relationship, the best effect was found at the filling stages, with correlation coefficients reaching 0.772–0.942, 0.774–0.970, 0754–0.960, and 0.800–0.960. The results showed that the yield, dry matter weight, and leaf nitrogen content of maize varieties with different nitrogen efficiencies increased first and then stabilized with the increase in the nitrogen application level in different periods, and the highest nitrogen application level of maize yield should be between 270 and 360 kg/hm2. At the filling stage, canopy vegetation index of maize varieties with different nitrogen efficiencies was positively correlated with yield, dry matter weight, and leaf nitrogen content, especially GNDVI and GOSAVI on the leaf nitrogen content. It can be used as a means to predict its growth index.
Bibliometric analysis of METTL3: Current perspectives, highlights, and trending topics
Authors: Liu Hanqi , Huang Yanqing , Lu Shanshan , Yuan Didi , Liu Junwen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a representative of RNA methylation modification, which plays a critical role in the epigenetic modification process of regulating human diseases. As a key protein for m6A, methyltransferase 3 (METTL3) had been identified to be associated with a variety of diseases. The publications related to METTL3 were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection from the earliest mention to July 1st, 2022. Being screened by the retrieval strategy, a total of 1,738 articles related to METTL3 were retrieved. Much of our work focused on collecting the data of annual publication outputs, high-yielding countries/regions/authors, keywords, citations, and journals frequently published for qualitative and quantitative analysis. We found that diseases with high correlations to METTL3 not only included various known cancers but also obesity and atherosclerosis. In addition to m6A-related enzyme molecules, the most frequent key molecules were MYC proto-oncogene (C-MYC), Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), and Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN). METTL3 and methyltransferase 14 (METTL14) may function through opposite regulatory pathways in the same disease. “Leukemia,” “Liver Cancer,” and “Glioblastoma” were speculated to be potential hotspots in METTL3 related study. The number of publications had significantly surged year by year, demonstrating the growing importance of the research on epigenetic modification in the pathology of various diseases.
An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure (RMP) for the quantification of aldosterone in human serum and plasma
Authors: Taibon Judith , Santner Tobias , Singh Neeraj , Ibrahim Sara Cheikh , Babitzki Galina , Köppl Daniel , Gaudl Alexander , Geistanger Andrea , Ceglarek Uta , Rauh Manfred , Geletneky Christian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure (RMP) for aldosterone quantification in human serum and plasma is presented.

Methods
The material used in this RMP was characterized by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) to assure traceability to SI Units. For liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis a two-dimensional heart cut LC approach, in combination with an optimal supported liquid extraction protocol, was established for the accurate analysis of aldosterone in human serum and plasma in order to minimize matrix effects and avoid the co-elution of interferences. Assay validation was performed according to current guidelines. Selectivity and specificity were assessed using spiked serum; potential matrix effects were examined by a post column infusion experiment and the comparison of standard line slopes. An extensive protocol over 5 days was applied to determine precision, accuracy and trueness. Measurement uncertainty was evaluated according to the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM), for which three individual sample preparations were performed on at least two different days.

Results
The RMP allowed aldosterone quantification within the range of 20–1,200 pg/mL without interference from structurally-related compounds and no evidence of matrix effects. Intermediate precision was ≤4.7% and repeatability was 2.8–3.7% for all analyte concentrations. The bias ranged between −2.2 and 0.5% for all levels and matrices. Total measurement uncertainties for target value assignment (n=6) were found to be ≤2.3%; expanded uncertainties were ≤4.6% (k=2) for all levels.

Conclusions
The RMP showed high analytical performance for aldosterone quantification in human serum and plasma. The traceability to SI units was established by qNMR content determination of aldosterone, which was utilized for direct calibration of the RMP. Thus, this candidate RMP is suitable for routine assay standardization and evaluation of clinical samples.
Antibody-mediated interferences affecting cardiac troponin assays: recommendations from the IFCC Committee on Clinical Applications of Cardiac Biomarkers
Authors: Hammarsten Ola , Warner Janet V. , Lam Leo , Kavsak Peter , Lindahl Bertil , Aakre Kristin M. , Collinson Paul , Jaffe Allan S. , Saenger Amy K. , Body Richard , Mills Nicholas L. , Omland Torbjørn , Ordonez-Llanos Jordi , Apple Fred S. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The International Federation of Clinical Chemistry Committee on Clinical Applications of Cardiac Biomarkers (IFCC C-CB) provides educational documents to facilitate the interpretation and use of cardiac biomarkers in clinical laboratories and practice. Our aim is to improve the understanding of certain key analytical and clinical aspects of cardiac biomarkers and how these may interplay. Measurements of cardiac troponin (cTn) have a prominent place in the clinical work-up of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome. It is therefore important that clinical laboratories know how to recognize and assess analytical issues. Two emerging analytical issues resulting in falsely high cTn concentrations, often several fold higher than the upper reference limit (URL), are antibody-mediated assay interference due to long-lived cTn-antibody complexes, called macrotroponin, and crosslinking antibodies that are frequently referred to as heterophilic antibodies. We provide an overview of antibody-mediated cTn assay interference and provide recommendations on how to confirm the interference and interpret the results.
Design of an efficient MPPT optimization model via accurate shadow detection for solar photovoltaic
Authors: Hole Shreyas R. , Goswami Agam Das 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The output of Solar Panels is directly dependent on the intensity of direct Sunlight that is incident on the panels. But this efficiency reduces due to shadow effects for rooftop-mounted panels. These shadows can come from other solar panels, nearby buildings, or high-rise structures. It is possible to optimize Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) controllers, which draw the most power possible from PV modules by forcing them to function at the most efficient voltage to increase the output of solar panels even while they are in the shade. Thus, the MPPT analyses the output of the PV module, compares it to the voltage of the battery, and determines the best power the PV module can provide to charge the battery. It then converts that power to the optimum voltage to allow the battery to receive the maximum level of currents. Additionally, it can power a DC load linked directly to the battery. Existing shadow detection and MPPT control models are highly complex, which increases their computational requirements, thereby reducing the operating efficiency of the solar panels. This text discusses a novel Saliency Map-based low-complexity shadow detection model for Solar panels to overcome this issue. The proposed model initially extracts saliency maps from connected Solar panel configurations and evaluates the background for the presence of shadows. Based on the intensity shadows, the model tunes MPPT parameters for optimal voltage & current outputs. Due to this, the model can maximize Solar panel output by over 8.5%, even under shadows, making it useful for various real-time use cases.