bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient non-fullerene organic solar cells employing aqueous solution-processed MoO3 as a hole-transporting layer
Authors: Li Yaozhao , Li Peng , Qu Minghao , Liu Feiyang , Wei Bin , Chen Guo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Organic solar cell (OSC) has drawn considerable interest in recent decades owing to their advantages of light weight, flexible, large area and potentially low-cost. Employing an appropriate hole-transporting layer (HTL) into an OSC device has been proved as an efficient method to obtain high efficiency OSC due to the enhancement of the hole transporting and extraction of the device. In this work, aqueous solution-processed MoO3 (s-MoO3) thin films were employed as HTLs to construct non-fullerene PM6:Y6 OSCs. The s-MoO3 thin film was prepared by using an aqueous solution process from an isopolymolybdate [NH4]6Mo7O24.4H2O precursor followed by thermal annealing treatment to convert the precursor to MoO3. The s-MoO3 HTL based PM6:Y6 device demonstrates a power conversion efficiency of 15.75%, which is 38% improved than that of the device with thermally evaporated-MoO3 as HTL and 8% improved than that of the device with PEDOT:PSS as HTL. The enhancement of the device performance could be attributed to the enhanced hole mobility and better band matching of the s-MoO3 HTL. Moreover, the s-MoO3 HTL based PM6:Y6 device exhibited higher device stability than those of the reference devices. Our finding indicates that this s-MoO3 film has great potential as efficient HTL for high performance non fullerene OSCs.
High detectivity solar blind photodetector based on mechanical exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride films
Authors: Qiu Mengting , Jia Zhenglin , Yang Mingyang , Nishimura Kazhihito , Lin Cheng-Te , Jiang Nan , Yuan Qilong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As an ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has drawn great attention in solar-blind photodetection owing to its wide bandgap and high thermal conductivity. In this work, a metal-semiconductor-metal structural two-dimensional h-BN photodetector was fabricated by using mechanically exfoliated h-BN flakes. The device achieved an ultra-low dark current (16.4 fA), high rejection ratio (R
205nm/R
280nm = 235) and high detectivity up to 1.28 × 1011 Jones at room temperature. Moreover, due to the wide bandgap and high thermal conductivity, the h-BN photodetector showed good thermal stability up to 300 °C, which is hard to realize for common semiconductor materials. The high detectivity and thermal stability of h-BN photodetector in this work showed the potential applications of h-BN photodetectors working in solar-blind region at high temperature.
Electrical performance of monolayer MoS2 transistor with MoS2 nanobelt metallic edges as electrodes
Authors: Yang Lei , Yuan Xueqin , Shen Lirui , Liu Renyong , Wu Ju , Zhang Jiajia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The contact electrodes have great influence on the performance of monolayer MoS2 devices. In this paper, monolayer MoS2 and MoS2 nanobelts were synthesized on SiO2/Si substrates via the chemical vapor deposition method. By using wet and dry transfer process, MoS2 nanobelt metallic edges were designed as the source/drain contact electrodes of monolayer MoS2 field effect transistor. The ‘nanobelt metallic edges’ refers to the top surface of the nanobelt being metallic. Because the base planes of MoS2 nanobelt vertically stand on the substrate, which makes the layer edges form the top surface of the nanobelt. The nonlinear I
ds–V
ds characteristics of the device indicates that the contact between the monolayer MoS2 and MoS2 metallic edges displays a Schottky-like behavior. The back-gated transfer characteristics indicate that monolayer MoS2 device with MoS2 nanobelt metallic edges as electrodes shows an n-type behavior with a mobility of ∼0.44 cm2 V−1·s−1, a carrier concentration of ∼7.31 × 1011 cm−2, and an on/off ratio of ∼103. The results enrich the electrode materials of two-dimensional material devices and exhibit potential for future application of MoS2 metallic edges in electronic devices.
Circularly polarized attosecond pulses generation from laser interaction with magnetized sub-critical plasmas
Authors: Pan Chenhao , Wang Jingwei , Luan Shixia , Zhao Yao , Leng Yuxin , Li Ruxin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We propose a method to generate circularly polarized (CP) attosecond pulses by the interactions of a relativistic-intensity right-hand CP laser pulse and magnetized sub-critical plasma. It is theoretically and numerically demonstrated that when an external magnetic field with an appropriate strength is applied to a sub-critical plasma along the laser propagation, the ponderomotive force of a right-hand CP laser at the vacuum-plasma boundary is significantly enhanced. The electrons are then steadily pushed forward until the timely-increasing charge separation field becomes strong enough to pull them back, forming a dense and counter-moving electron sheet. The relativistic-velocity electron sheet works as a flying mirror to compress the tail of the driving laser and efficiently generate a single CP attosecond pulse. The present scheme shows a stable efficiency on different scale lengths of preplasma and thus may provide a robust way to generate bright and CP attosecond pulses.
The performance of equilibrium radial electric field shear on microturbulence with different magnetic shears in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Chen Y C , Qin Y Q , Sun G Y , Lin Z 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Global gyrokinetic particle simulations show that equilibrium radial electric field (E

r
) shear reduces the linear growth rate, ion heat conductivity, and nonlinear turbulence amplitude for both the ion temperature gradient (ITG) and kinetic ballooning mode (KBM) microturbulence by tilting the poloidal mode structure. The increase in the magnetic shear enhances the stabilizing performance of the E

r
shear on linear growth rate for the ITG case but has no effect on that for the KBM case. The radial correlation length of the ITG turbulence is decreased by increasing the magnetic shear in a weak ion diamagnetic flow shear condition with low β, leading to a reduction in the effective E × B shearing rate, which weakens the suppression performance of the E

r
shear on the ITG turbulence amplitude. In contrast, under a larger ion diamagnetic shear flow for higher β, an increase in magnetic shear strengthens the suppression performance of the E

r
shear on the KBM turbulence amplitude due to an increase in the effective shearing rate by increasing the radial correlation length of the turbulence.
Current crowding in deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes with fish-bone shaped p-electrode by microscopic emission investigation
Authors: Chen Li , Chen Qiushuang , Chen Cong , Xu Houqiang , Peng Xianchun , Yan Long , Hu Jianzheng , Guo Shiping , Guo Wei , Ye Jichun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Current crowding is the main bottleneck preventing the prosperity of AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet light-emitting-diodes (DUV-LEDs) considering the low electrical conductivity of p-type contact layer. A deeper understanding of the current distribution in p-AlGaN is critical, which enables the rational design of advanced device architectures. In this work, a fish-bone-shaped p-type electrode was deposited on top of a 280 nm AlGaN DUV-LED for investigation of localized emissions. A significantly raised junction temperature was identified, causing efficiency droop in DUV-LEDs under relatively low injection current with fish-bone-shaped p-type electrodes. High junction temperature is attributed to the significantly high localized current density which is confirmed by the spatial-resolved electroluminescence spectra and theoretical simulation. The crowding current level beneath the p-electrodes is estimated to be several times higher than that in between the electrodes.
The development and applications of nanoporous gallium nitride in optoelectronics: a review
Authors: Yao Yuxuan , Liang Yue , Guo Jiabao , Xiu Huixin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The development of nanoporous gallium nitride (NP-GaN) has widened the material properties and applications in third-generation semiconductor areas. NP-GaN has been used in laser emitters, light-emitting diodes, optical sensors, and optical energy storage devices. In this paper, we reviewed the most recent progress in the NP-GaN field by electrochemical etching. The etched GaN has many superior properties compared with original GaN templates, such as stronger photoluminescence intensity, thermal conductivity, piezo-electricity, more accessible area, stress relief, and refractive index. These advantages will make GaN more widely used in the field of optics and optoelectronics. Pore formation can be controlled by adjusting the applied potential and etching time. The NP-GaN makes the material of GaN have broader application prospects. We introduced in detail the application prospects of different GaN based processes and subsequent application methods in optoelectronics, sensors, and materials themselves. This review will help to improve further development of NP-GaN applications.
Development of an electrorheological elastomer isolator working in shear-squeeze mixed mode
Authors: Niu Chenguang , Dong Xufeng , Xiong Xiaoyan , Ren Junqi , Niu Linkai , Li Congming , Zhang Dongguang , Guo Jibao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The vibrating screen equipment will resonate through the resonance region during startup and shutdown stage. However, the stiffness and damping of the traditional passive vibration isolator cannot be adjusted in use, which leads to the unsatisfactory vibration isolation effect of that on the installation foundation of vibrating screen. In this paper, based on the characteristics of electrorheological elastomer (ERE) with tunable storage modulus, a variable stiffness ERE isolator in shear-squeeze mixed mode is developed. At the first step, the EREs used for the isolator was prepared, and the dynamic viscoelastic properties were measured. After that, the structure of ERE isolator was designed, and the vibration isolation effect of the ERE isolator for vibrating screen was analyzed by simulation. The simulation results demonstrate the resonance amplitude and stopping time of the vibrating screen in startup and shutdown stage will decrease with the ascending electric field strength. Finally, the shear-squeeze mixed-mode ERE isolator was tested on electro-dynamic shaker. The experimental results indicate that the ERE isolator has a better effect of vibration reduction with increased electric field strength in startup and shutdown stage of vibrating screen, and the acceleration transmissibility by ERE isolator is reduced 37.6% under 3 kV mm−1.
Compact and sturdy orbital angular momentum sorter without destroying photon states
Authors: Zhang Jingfeng , Kong Ling-Jun , Zhang Zhuo , Zhang Furong , Zhang Xiangdong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been widely studied and applied to many scientific fields, especially in optical communication and quantum information. In order to give full play to the high-dimensional characteristics of OAM, separating different OAM states is a fundamental requirement. Here we find a way to introduce the mode dependent phase shift by using Porro prism, design and manufacture a new kind of two-output OAM sorter. Our OAM sorter can separate two OAM states with different topological charges without destroying them. Because it is composed of several linear commonly optical elements, which can be closely pasted together, our OAM sorter is very compact and sturdy. Furthermore, by means of cascading, our design can be used for constructing an OAM sorter with multiple output ports. Therefore, our research should have great potential application prospects, especially in the communication protocol based on OAM.
Establishing Pediatric Reference Ranges for Rotational Thromboelastometry
Authors: Goodhue Meyer Erin Kathleen , Uffman Joshua , Townsend Stephanie , Rice-Weimer Julie , Tobias Joseph , Nicol Kathleen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of our investigation was to establish normal pediatric reference intervals (PRIs) for rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) Delta assays in a representative group of healthy children, 0 to 18 years of age, at our institution.

Methods
This was a prospective study of healthy pediatric patients undergoing elective minor surgery requiring placement of an intravenous cannula. The sample size for patients was 20 per age group of either sex from 5 different age groups based on coagulation system maturity: 0 to 6 or fewer months, more than 6 to 12 or fewer months, more than 1 year to 5 or fewer years, more than 5 to 11 or fewer years, and more than 11 to 18 or fewer years. ROTEM Delta assays assessed include the EXTEM, INTEM, and FIBTEM.

Results
We defined 2 sets of ROTEM PRIs for our patient population: one for patients 11 years or younger and one for children more than 11 years of age. For those 11 years or younger, the PRIs were derived from the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles from the 0 to 11 age groups. For those older than 11 years, previously published adult reference intervals validated internally with adult normal samples were used.

Conclusions
The 2 sets of PRIs were embedded into our electronic medical record, allowing clinicians to easily interpret their patient’s ROTEM results against age-verified reference ranges, enabling them to make informed transfusion decisions.
The Effect of Ambient Air Pollution on Office, Home, and 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements
Authors: Ulusoy Şükrü , Özkan Gülsüm , Varol Gamze , Erdem Yunus , Derici Ülver , Yılmaz Rahmi , Müge Değer Serpil , Arınsoy Turgay , Akpolat T 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Air pollution has recently been linked to a number of cardiovascular diseases, particularly hypertension (HT). In our study, we aimed to evaluate the association between air pollution and blood pressure (BP) and compare the relationship of BP measurement results obtained using different methods (office, home, and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring [ABPM]).

Methods
This retrospective nested panel study performed with prospective Cappadocia cohort data investigated the relationships between particulate matter (PM) 10 and sulfur dioxide (SO2) and concurrent home, office, and 24-hour ABPM data at each control performed over a 2-year period.

Results
A total of 327 patients in the Cappadocia cohort were included in this study. On the day of office blood pressure measurement, there was an increase of 1.36 mm Hg in systolic BP and 1.18 mm Hg in diastolic BP for every 10 µm/m3 rise in SO2 values. A mean 3-day 10 µm/m3 increase in SO2 was linked to an increase of 1.60 mm Hg in systolic BP and 1.33 mm Hg in diastolic BP. A 10 µm/m3 rise in mean SO2 on the day of 24-hour ABPM measurement was found to be associated with an increase of 1.3 mm Hg in systolic BP and 0.8 mm Hg in diastolic BP. SO2 and PM 10 had no effect on home measurements.

Conclusion
In conclusion, increased SO2 levels, during winter months in particular, can be associated with an elevation in office BP values. Our study findings show that air pollution in the setting in which BP is measured may be associated with the results.
The Rising Trend of the Reverse BBL and the Implications for Aesthetic Surgeons: A Google Trends Analysis
Authors: Safeek Rachel , Dang Jonathan , Mast Bruce 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Goals/Purpose
Aesthetic surgery trends continue to evolve and are often popularized by social media, particularly with celebrity influence, as exemplified by gluteal fat grafting or Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL). There appears to be a trend for reversal of this procedure, but there is a paucity of research describing associated operative techniques and precautions, with most discussion limited to media publications. The aim of this study was to evaluate public interest in reverse BBL surgery over a 5-year period using Google Trends and bring attention to this emerging trend in aesthetic surgery.

Methods/Technique
A Google Trends analysis was completed using the term “reverse BBL”. Trends were analyzed over a 5-year time period and included an assessment of regional searches by state. Changes in search frequency were further analyzed based on media articles describing reverse BBL trends, with the first mention being in August 2021, followed by another series of publications from November-December 2021, and June 2022.

Results/Complications
There was a steady increase in the relative search value (normalized search volume in comparison to total search volume over 5 years) for “reverse BBL” beginning in January 2020, with a peak in December 2021 and June 2022 (Figure 1). The states associated with the most search interest in BBL reversal were: Florida, New York, California, Texas, and Illinois (Figure 2). Average relative search volume significantly increased with media publication of reverse BBL procedures among celebrities, corresponding with August 2021, November- December 2021 and mid-2022 (p&lt;0.05) (Figure 3).

Conclusion
These data indicate there is increasing public interest in reversal of gluteal fat grafting, which appears to correlate with social media trends. As patient’s remorse trends surrounding reverse BBL’s rise, aesthetic surgeons should counsel patients accordingly prior to gluteal augmentation surgery. Furthermore, for patients having undergone gluteal augmentation seeking reversals, pre-operative consultation of risks associated with reverse BBL procedures should be discussed. More research is needed regarding best operative approach for BBL reversal, including approaches with liposuction and additional revision surgeries, and strategies to mitigate postoperative complications, while enhancing cosmetic outcomes.
excluderanges: exclusion sets for T2T-CHM13, GRCm39, and other genome assemblies
Authors: Ogata Jonathan D , Mu Wancen , Davis Eric S , Xue Bingjie , Harrell J Chuck , Sheffield Nathan C , Phanstiel Douglas H , Love Michael I , Dozmorov Mikhail G 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Summary
Exclusion regions are sections of reference genomes with abnormal pileups of short sequencing reads. Removing reads overlapping them improves biological signal, and these benefits are most pronounced in differential analysis settings. Several labs created exclusion region sets, available primarily through ENCODE and Github. However, the variety of exclusion sets creates uncertainty which sets to use. Furthermore, gap regions (e.g. centromeres, telomeres, short arms) create additional considerations in generating exclusion sets. We generated exclusion sets for the latest human T2T-CHM13 and mouse GRCm39 genomes and systematically assembled and annotated these and other sets in the excluderanges R/Bioconductor data package, also accessible via the BEDbase.org API. The package provides unified access to 82 GenomicRanges objects covering six organisms, multiple genome assemblies, and types of exclusion regions. For human hg38 genome assembly, we recommend hg38.Kundaje.GRCh38_unified_blacklist as the most well-curated and annotated, and sets generated by the Blacklist tool for other organisms.

Availability and implementation
https://bioconductor.org/packages/excluderanges/. Package website: https://dozmorovlab.github.io/excluderanges/.
Visualizing reactive astrocyte-neuron interaction in Alzheimer’s disease using 11C-acetate and 18F-FDG
Authors: Nam Min-Ho , Ko Hae Young , Kim Dongwoo , Lee Sangwon , Park Yongmin Mason , Hyeon Seung Jae , Won Woojin , Chung Jee-In , Kim Seon Yoo , Jo Han Hee , Oh Kyeong Taek , Han Young-Eun , Lee Gwan-Ho , Ju Yeon Ha , Lee Hyowon , Kim Hyunjin , Heo Jaejun , Bhalla Mridula , Kim Ki Jung , Kwon Jea , Stein Thor D , Kong Mingyu , Lee Hyunbeom , Lee Seung Eun , Oh Soo-Jin , Chun Joong-Hyun , Park Mi-Ae , Park Ki Duk , Ryu Hoon , Yun Mijin , Lee C Justin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Reactive astrogliosis is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, a clinically validated neuroimaging probe to visualize the reactive astrogliosis is yet to be discovered. Here, we show that PET imaging with 11C-acetate and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) functionally visualizes the reactive astrocyte-mediated neuronal hypometabolism in the brains with neuroinflammation and AD.
To investigate the alterations of acetate and glucose metabolism in the diseased brains and their impact on the AD pathology, we adopted multifaceted approaches including microPET imaging, autoradiography, immunohistochemistry, metabolomics, and electrophysiology. Two AD rodent models, APP/PS1 and 5xFAD transgenic mice, one adenovirus-induced rat model of reactive astrogliosis, and post-mortem human brain tissues were used in this study. We further curated a proof-of-concept human study that included 11C-acetate and 18F-FDG PET imaging analyses along with neuropsychological assessments from 11 AD patients and 10 healthy control subjects.
We demonstrate that reactive astrocytes excessively absorb acetate through elevated monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT1) in rodent models of both reactive astrogliosis and AD. The elevated acetate uptake is associated with reactive astrogliosis and boosts the aberrant astrocytic GABA synthesis when amyloid-β is present. The excessive astrocytic GABA subsequently suppresses neuronal activity, which could lead to glucose uptake through decreased glucose transporter-3 in the diseased brains. We further demonstrate that 11C-acetate uptake was significantly increased in the entorhinal cortex, hippocampus and temporo-parietal neocortex of the AD patients compared to the healthy controls, while 18F-FDG uptake was significantly reduced in the same regions. Additionally, we discover a strong correlation between the patients’ cognitive function and the PET signals of both 11C-acetate and 18F-FDG.
We demonstrate the potential value of PET imaging with 11C-acetate and 18F-FDG by visualizing reactive astrogliosis and the associated neuronal glucose hypometablosim for AD patients. Our findings further suggest that the acetate-boosted reactive astrocyte-neuron interaction could contribute to the cognitive decline in AD.
Lesion effects in terms of local impedance variations after pulsed-field ablation during pulmonary vein isolation: a case report
Authors: Iacopino Saverio , Fabiano Gennaro , Malacrida Maurizio , Petretta Andrea 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
To date, no information is available on highly localized impedance (LI) measurements during the ablation of pulmonary veins (PVs) via a new form of energy such as electroporation by means of pulsed-field ablation (PFA).

Case summary
A 55-year-old man with a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was admitted to our hospital for PV isolation (PVI). The procedure was performed with the new multi-electrode PFA catheter (FARAWAVE™). Before energy delivery, a high-density map of the left atrium was constructed with the Rhythmia™ system, while the IntellaNAV Mifi™ OI catheter was used to assess the baseline LI values of the four PVs. A manual tag was used to record the exact position where the IntellaNAV™ catheter measured the LI values for each segment of the vein before and after PVI. The LI values displayed a significant variation after PFA delivery (124.3 ± 5 Ω for baseline LI vs. 96.8 ± 6 Ω after PFA, P &lt; 0.0001) with a mean absolute LI variation of 27.5 ± 7Ω and a mean percentage LI variation of 25.8 ± 8%. The differences between the average LI values pre- and post-PFA were 28.0 ± 5, 26.5 ± 9, 26.8 ± 3, and 28.8 ± 10 Ω for the superior, anterior, posterior, and inferior portions of the PV.

Discussion
This is the first instance of the acute characterization, in terms of LI drop, of antral lesions created by a new PFA system. Local impedance variations at ablation sites seem to be larger than those recorded at successful ablation spots obtained by means of thermal energy sources.