bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring management and environment effects on edge‐of‐field phosphorus losses with linear mixed models
Authors: Kruger Kelsey M. , Thompson Anita M. , Li Qiang , Radatz Amber M. , Cooley Eric T. , Stuntebeck Todd D. , Winslow Christopher J. , Oldfield Emily E. , Ruark Matthew D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEvaluating how weather, farm management, and soil conditions impact phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural sites is essential for improving our waterways in agricultural watersheds. In this study, rainfall characteristics, manure application timing, tillage, surface condition, and soil test phosphorus (STP) were analyzed to determine their effects on total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved phosphorus (DP) loss using 125 site‐years of runoff data collected by the University of Wisconsin Discovery Farms and Discovery Farms Minnesota. Three linear mixed models (LMMs) were then used to evaluate the influence of those factors on TP and DP losses: (1) a model that included all runoff events, (2) manured sites only, and (3) precipitation events only. Results show that the timing of manure application relative to the timing of a runoff event only had a marginal association with P loads and concentrations, although the majority of the runoff events were collected after 10 days of manure application. Tillage was as influential factor, with greater DP loads and concentrations associated with no‐till, especially during frozen conditions. Fields in this study had high STP values, but the model results only showed positive associations between DP load and DP flow‐weighted mean concentration (FWMC) loss at the 0‐ to 15‐cm depth. The precipitation event LMM (which included precipitation characteristics) was the model that resulted in the largest R2 value. While the predictive capacity of the LMMs was low, they did illuminate the relative importance of management and environmental variables on P loss, and can be used to guide future research on P loss in this region.
Soil stressors on ecophysiology of bauxite mine impacted soil: Heavy metal–acidity–organic matter nexus
Authors: Charan Kasturi , Banerjee Sonali , Mandal Jajati , Bhattacharyya Pradip 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSoil ecophysiology is adversely affected by various environmental hazards, particularly in mining regions. While there has been substantial research on the effects of coal, mica, copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) mining on soil quality, the impact of bauxite mining operations on nearby soils has largely been overlooked in the literature. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how microbial activity and dynamics are influenced by soil stressors, such as acidity and heavy metals, in areas adjacent to active bauxite mines. Soil samples were collected from three adjacent locations of an active bauxite mine area at distances of <100 m (S1), 100–500 m (S2), and >500 m (S3). The samples contained chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and cadmium (Cd), as well as elevated acidity and aluminum (Al). These conditions adversely affected the soil microbial indicators, including fluorescein diacetate (FDA), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and enzyme activity. The highest concentrations of labile metals (i.e., water‐soluble and exchangeable) were found in soil mixed with mining waste (S1), whereas acidity and Al were highest in sparsely vegetated soil (S3). Total acidity, total potential acidity, pH‐dependent acidity, and Al were significantly positively correlated. Moreover, the significant positive correlation among organic carbon (OC), acidity, Al, and microbial properties (FDA, MBC, and microbial enzymes) suggests a potential effect of OC in mitigating acidity in S3. The ratios of microbial properties with OC depicted a significant negative correlation with acidity and Al fraction, denoting that acidity and Al posed a deleterious effect on soil microbial health. The similarity percentage analysis identified acid phosphatase as the key enzyme accounting for ∼78% of the observed differences in enzyme composition across the sites. Visual MINTEQ modeling revealed that the sites were saturated with different Al‐bearing minerals. Pollution load index (PI) and the geo‐accumulation index (Igeo) values identified the region as heavily contaminated (PI > 1). Finally, the health risk analysis revealed that Ni posed a potential carcinogenic risk for both adults and children.
Progression of Spinal Cord Disease in Adult Men With Adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Yska Hemmo A. F. , Voermans Marije , Kabak Eda , Engelen Marc 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study presents the longest systematic prospective follow‐up of spinal cord disease in adult male ALD patients to date. Standardized yearly quantitative data collection included scoring of the EDSS, SSPROM, 6‐min walking test (6MWT), urological and quality of life questionnaires and vibration sense of the hallux. Progression rates were compared between patients with mild (EDSS ≤ 2.5) and moderate to severe (EDSS > 2.5) disability over a period of 7 years. Data from 79 patients was included. EDSS, SSPROM and 6MWT showed significant disease progression over time. The general progression pattern was linear. Stratified by disease severity, the increase in EDSS was 0.1 points per year in the low EDSS group and 0.2 points per year in the higher EDSS group. SSPROM decreased by −0.7 points per year in the low EDSS group and by −1.9 points per year in the higher EDSS group. 6MWT decreased by −9.3 m/year in the low EDSS group and by −18.2 m/year in the higher EDSS group. The rate of progression in patients with relatively severe disability was higher than in patients with mild disability. Clinical trials will therefore observe effects more rapidly in patients with more advanced disease.
Two‐year clinical outcomes of Taiwanese and other Asian ethnicities with atrial fibrillation treated with edoxaban in the ETNA‐AF Asia registry
Authors: Wang Chun‐Chieh , Cheng Cheng‐I , Ueng Kwo‐Chang , Lin Wei‐Shiang , Chao Tze‐Fan , Lin Lian‐Yu , Huang Chien‐Lung , Chang Kuan‐Cheng , Mar Guang‐Yuan , Hsieh Yu‐Cheng , Unverdorben Martin , Chen Cathy 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe non‐vitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOAC), edoxaban, is approved for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in many Asian countries. Nonetheless, data on its long‐term effectiveness and safety in routine clinical practice are limited in Taiwan.MethodsThe Global ETNA‐AF (Edoxaban Treatment in routiNe clinical prActice) registry is an observational study that integrates data of AF patients receiving edoxaban from multiple regional registries. Here, we report the subgroup analysis of two‐year outcomes in Taiwan (N = 973) and three Asian countries (South Korea, Hong Kong, Thailand; N = 2326).ResultsCompared with other Asian ethnicities, edoxaban users in Taiwan were older and had lower creatinine clearance levels. The incidence of clinical events was low and comparable in four Asian countries. Upon 2 years of observation, the annualized rates of cardiovascular death and ischemic stroke/systemic embolic event were 0.50% and 0.90% in Taiwan and 0.33% and 0.91% in other Asian ethnicities, respectively. The annualized rates of major/clinically relevant non‐major bleeding and major gastrointestinal bleeding were 2.06% and 0.39% in Taiwan and 2.06% and 0.49% in other Asian ethnicities, respectively. Intracranial hemorrhage was rarely reported in four Asian countries (annualized rate: 0.35%).ConclusionsAlthough some differences in patient characteristics were observed among Asian ethnicities, the low clinical event rates in two‐year ETNA‐AF data reassure the effectiveness and safety of edoxaban in routine care for AF patients in Taiwan, South Korea, Hong Kong, and Thailand.
A novel prediction model for survival in individual patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator: Analysis of the new Japan cardiac device treatment registry database
Authors: Yokoshiki Hisashi , Shimizu Akihiko , Mitsuhashi Takeshi , Ishibashi Kohei , Kabutoya Tomoyuki , Yoshiga Yasuhiro , Kondo Yusuke , Temma Taro , Takagi Masahiko , Tada Hiroshi ,   Members of the Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator (ICD) Committee of the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundAccurate prediction for survival in individualized patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator (CRT‐D) is difficult.MethodsWe analyzed the New Japan cardiac device treatment registry (JCDTR) database to develop a survival prediction model for CRT‐D recipients.ResultsFour hundred and eighty‐two CRT‐D recipients, at the implantation year 2018–2021, with a QRS width ≥120 ms and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35% at baseline, were analyzed. During an average follow‐up of 21 ± 10 months, death occurred in 66 of 482 CRT‐D patients (14%). A prediction model estimating annual survival probability was developed using Cox regression with internal validation. With seven explanation predictors (age >75 years, serum creatinine >1.4 mg/dL, blood hemoglobin <12 g/dL, heart rate ≥90/min, LVEF, prior NSVT, and QRS width <150 ms), the model distinguished patients with and without all‐cause death, with an optimism‐corrected C‐statistics of 0.766, 0.764, and 0.768, and calibration slope of 1.01, 1.00, and 1.00 at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years. Additionally, we have devised the calculator of survival probability for individual CRT‐D recipients.ConclusionsUsing routine available variables, we have developed a survival prediction model for individual CRT‐D recipients.
Surface Acting Loss Spirals: Getting Unstuck With Recovery Activities
Authors: Sayre Gordon M. , Chi Nai‐Wen , Grandey Alicia A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn service work, emotional labor is primarily performed by surface acting (modifying expressions) and deep acting (modifying moods). Deep acting is clearly more effective for performance and less costly to health, raising the question—why do employees use the less effective strategy of surface acting? Conservation of resources theory suggests that when employees lack sufficient energy resources, they are more likely to conserve resources and rely on less effective surface acting, which creates future resource loss (i.e., a loss spiral). We test this spiral prediction, while also integrating the effort‐recovery model to propose after‐work activities as a means of slowing resource loss spirals. Across two experience sampling studies of full‐time service workers, we find support for a resource loss spiral through surface acting in Study 1 and partial support in Study 2. Further, low‐effort activities like relaxing after work allowed employees to slow the loss spirals from surface acting in both studies. We conclude that the “poor get poorer” (maintaining surface acting) over time, whereas recovery after work effectively breaks the loss spiral of surface acting. Our study expands theoretical understanding of the resource‐based view of emotional labor and practical advice for how to replenish workers' resources over time.
Analysis of Key Differential Metabolites in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Based on Untargeted Metabolomics
Authors: Zhou Daqian , Zhang Xingrui , Lv Jiale , Mei Yongliang , Luo Yingjin , Li Fengjiang , Liu Zongchao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIntervertebral disc degeneration disease (IVDD) is a prevalent orthopedic condition that causes chronic lower back pain, imposing a substantial economic burden on patients and society. Despite its high incidence, the pathophysiological mechanisms of IVDD remain incompletely understood.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify metabolomic alterations in IVDD patients and explore the key metabolic pathways and metabolites involved in its pathogenesis.MethodsSerum samples from 20 IVDD patients and 20 healthy controls were analyzed using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS). The identified metabolites were mapped to metabolic pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database.ResultsSignificant alterations were observed in metabolites such as 2‐methyl‐1,3‐cyclohexadiene, stearoyl sphingomyelin, methylcysteine, L‐methionine, and cis, cis‐muconic acid. These metabolites were involved in pathways including glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism, and the citrate cycle (TCA cycle).ConclusionThe identified metabolic alterations provide insights into the pathogenesis of IVDD and suggest potential therapeutic targets for future investigation.
North American river otter habitat suitability and human–wildlife coexistence on Protection Island, British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Lesage Caroline L. , Kross Angela , Turner Sarah E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLand use change and urban sprawl increase the likelihood of encounters between humans and wildlife. North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) coexist (and also conflict) with humans in many places, including on Protection Island, British Columbia, Canada. River otters are sensitive to, yet also inhabit, environments with relatively high levels of anthropogenic disturbance. From June to November 2022, we investigated the effect of anthropogenic factors on river otter use of space and behavior. We modeled the relative importance of anthropogenic (e.g., distance to buildings and roads, level of human use of docks), environmental (e.g., land cover type), and topographic (elevation) variables for habitat suitability in wild river otters on Protection Island using maximum entropy (MaxEnt) species distribution models, from 660 occurrence points collected. We conducted 178 behavioral scan samples (containing 594 observations) from direct‐observation video and motion‐triggered trail camera video to evaluate behavioral differences associated with the use of an anthropogenic habitat feature, docks (a potential attractant), and land. We found that the most suitable areas for river otters in this study were near docks (at all levels of human use), near water or wetlands (within ~25 m of the water), and had intermediate densities of driftwood. Further, our findings indicated that human activities generally did not impede otter use of space — river otters and humans were able to coexist in this semi‐urban context. Behaviors on docks differed from behaviors on land, and river otters used docks more than would be expected by chance overall, and specifically overnight, and used docks for individual and social activities. Our case study suggests that anthropogenic and environmental factors are key habitat suitability predictors for river otters, and that in populations habituated to human presence, docks may act as a habitat attractant. This case can inform conservation and management practices for river otters, other flagship species, and the ecosystems they inhabit, enhancing human–wildlife coexistence in anthropogenic landscapes.
Operationalizing a learning health system: A self‐assessment tool for interprofessional teams
Authors: Rentes Victor C. , Kalpakjian Claire , Sales Anne , Krumm Andrew 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe operationalization of learning health system (LHS) principles remains challenging, with minimal guidance currently available to support interprofessional teams on the ground. Consequently, LHS initiatives often fall short of their intended objectives, resulting in wasted resources, delays, and mounting frustration among key stakeholders.MethodsTo bridge this gap, we used design science and participatory action research to co‐develop an operational roadmap for interprofessional LHS teams. Data sources for roadmap design included quantitative and qualitative feedback from interprofessional stakeholders (n = 20) from an academic health system and a pragmatic literature review. Using these data sources, we conducted three design iterations until a final version was reached.ResultsThe resulting roadmap specifies processes to be performed during project‐based LHS initiatives, and provides a self‐assessment tool that enables team members to quantitatively evaluate progress. For generalizability and standardization across settings, we used clinically neutral terminology to describe all elements in the roadmap. We demonstrated content validity through multiple rounds of data collection and analyses with stakeholders. A simulated demonstration is provided to illustrate how the roadmap may be used for team assessments in practice.ConclusionsParticipants considered the roadmap to be an effective tool to assist project management and highly useful for evaluating teams' progress for planning and communication purposes. As a reference model, the roadmap may be re‐utilized across multiple LHS initiatives in any given health system to standardize and streamline LHS development. This research was conducted within a single department in an academic health system, and future research is needed to assess the roadmap's generalizability in other settings. To facilitate development of similar or complementary instruments, the detailed design methodology used in this research may be replicated and/or tailored in other contexts.
Novel antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus without detectable resistance by targeting proton motive force and FtsH
Authors: Pengfei She , Yifan Yang , Linhui Li , Yimin Li , Dan Xiao , Shaowei Guo , Guanqing Huang , Yong Wu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe increased prevalence of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and its biofilms poses a great threat to human health. Especially, S. aureus‐related osteomyelitis was hardly cured even by conventional antibiotics combined with surgical treatment. The development of novel structural antibiotics is urgently needed. By high‐throughput screening and rational design, we identified a small molecule C218‐0546 and its optimized analog STK848198 with great antimicrobial potential against MRSA avoiding resistance occurrence. And significant synergistical antimicrobial effects were found between the molecules and conventional antibiotics. Mechanisms studies by transcriptomics, fluorescent probes, molecule dynamics, and plasma surface resonance indicated that the proton motive force as well as FtsH are the main potential targets of these molecules. The compounds exhibited excellent in vivo pharmacokinetics, toxicity profiles, and antimicrobial activities in the abscess model as well as the peritonitis‐sepsis model. In addition, STK848198 was found to be effective against MRSA biofilms by interacting with the quorum sensing system. STK848198 also showed in vivo efficacy in the periprosthetic joint infection model. In all, our study identified a class of antimicrobials with novel scaffolds that could be potential alternatives for the treatment of MRSA and its biofilm‐related infections.
Analysis of crop suitability index for current and future climates using statistically downscaled CMIP6 outputs over Africa
Authors: Gbode Imoleayo Ezekiel , Ajayi Vincent Olanrewaju , Coulibaly Amadou , Abel Daniel , Ziegler Katrin , Weber Torsten , Traore Seydou Brehima , Raji Ibraheem Ayomide , Paeth Heiko 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe study aimed to assess the impact of climate change on the crop suitability index (CSI) of selected staple crops for current (1981–2010) and future (2021–2050 and 2051–2080) climates across Africa. Precipitation and mean temperature data from gridded observations, and 10 Global Climate Models (GCMs) were utilized to calculate the CSI for maize, soybean, wheat, plantain, cassava, rice, millet, sorghum, and yam. The Ecocrop model implemented in R, utilizing the FAO‐Ecocrop database alongside climatic variables for different climatic zones across the continent, was employed to compute the CSI. The results indicate that all crops, except rain‐fed rice, are suitable in parts of West and Central African regions, with wheat being inclusive in some parts of the Guinea Coast. The northern, eastern, and southern African regions are identified as the least suitable for any crop production based on the balance between the base climate parameters over the historical period. Analysis over this historical period reveals an increasing trend for major crops in most regions, except for wheat crop production, which demonstrates a decreasing trend in most areas. Projection analysis reveals that the Sahel region is expected to be the most affected by climate change, with a significant reduction in the suitability index for most crops. Conversely, the Southeastern Africa and the Guinea Coast regions are likely to be the least affected, as the suitability index increases for the considered crops. This analysis provides crucial information for effective agricultural planning and resource allocation, optimizing land use by identifying crops aligned with prevailing environmental conditions, including soil type, climate, and water availability. Such information enhances the understanding of crop suitability, contributing to improved agricultural productivity and sustainability.
Minimally invasive measurement of carotid artery and brain temperature in the mouse
Authors: Gazdzinski Lisa M. , Chung Luke , Spring Shoshana , Botelho Owen , Stefanovic Bojana , Nieman Brian J. , Heyn Chinthaka C. , Sled John G. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeBrain temperature is tightly regulated and reflects a balance between cerebral metabolic heat production and heat transfer between the brain, blood, and external environment. Blood temperature and flow are critical to the regulation of brain temperature. Current methods for measuring in vivo brain and blood temperature are invasive and impractical for use in small animals. This work presents a methodology to measure both brain and arterial blood temperature in anesthetized mice by MRI using a paramagnetic lanthanide complex: thulium tetramethyl‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7,10‐tetraacetic acid (TmDOTMA‐).MethodsA phase‐based imaging approach using a multi‐TE gradient echo sequence was used to measure the temperature‐dependent chemical shift difference between thulium tetramethyl‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7,10‐tetraacetic acid methyl protons and water, and from this calculate absolute temperature using calibration data.ResultsIn a series of mice in which core body temperature was held stable but at different values within the range of 33° to 37°C, brain temperature away from the midline was independent of carotid artery blood temperature. In contrast, midline voxels correlated with carotid artery blood temperature, likely reflecting the preponderance of larger arteries and veins in this region.ConclusionThese results are consistent with brain temperature being actively regulated. A limitation of the present implementation is that the spatial resolution in the brain is coarse relative to the size of the mouse brain, and further optimization is required for this method to be applied for finer spatial scale mapping or to characterize focal pathology.