bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rare non-canonical splice site in Trema orientalis SYMRK does not affect its dual symbiotic functioning in endomycorrhiza and rhizobium nodulation
Authors: Alhusayni Sultan , Roswanjaya Yuda Purwana , Rutten Luuk , Huisman Rik , Bertram Simon , Sharma Trupti , Schon Michael , Kohlen Wouter , Klein Joël , Geurts Rene 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Nitrogen-fixing nodules occur in ten related taxonomic lineages interspersed with lineages of non-nodulating plant species. Nodules result from an endosymbiosis between plants and diazotrophic bacteria; rhizobia in the case of legumes and Parasponia and Frankia in the case of actinorhizal species. Nodulating plants share a conserved set of symbiosis genes, whereas related non-nodulating sister species show pseudogenization of several key nodulation-specific genes. Signalling and cellular mechanisms critical for nodulation have been co-opted from the more ancient plant-fungal arbuscular endomycorrhizal symbiosis. Studies in legumes and actinorhizal plants uncovered a key component in symbiotic signalling, the LRR-type SYMBIOSIS RECEPTOR KINASE (SYMRK). SYMRK is essential for nodulation and arbuscular endomycorrhizal symbiosis. To our surprise, however, despite its arbuscular endomycorrhizal symbiosis capacities, we observed a seemingly critical mutation in a donor splice site in the SYMRK gene of Trema orientalis, the non-nodulating sister species of Parasponia. This led us to investigate the symbiotic functioning of SYMRK in the Trema-Parasponia lineage and to address the question of to what extent a single nucleotide polymorphism in a donor splice site affects the symbiotic functioning of SYMRK.Results We show that SYMRK is essential for nodulation and endomycorrhization in Parasponia andersonii. Subsequently, it is revealed that the 5’-intron donor splice site of SYMRK intron 12 is variable and, in most dicotyledon species, doesn’t contain the canonical dinucleotide ‘GT’ signature but the much less common motif ‘GC’. Strikingly, in T. orientalis, this motif converted into a rare non-canonical 5’-intron donor splice site ‘GA’. This SYMRK allele, however, is fully functional and spreads in the T. orientalis population of Malaysian Borneo. A further investigation into the occurrence of the non-canonical GA-AG splice sites confirmed that these are extremely rare.Conclusion SYMRK functioning is highly conserved in legumes, actinorhizal plants, and Parasponia. The gene possesses a non-common 5’-intron donor GC donor splice site in intron 12, which is converted into a GA in T. orientalis accessions of Malaysian Borneo. The discovery of this functional GA-AG splice site in SYMRK highlights a gap in our understanding of splice donor sites.
Retrofitting low-performance units to abate sewer overflow pollution based on mathematical model and Sobol algorithm
Authors: Zhao Zhichao , Yin Hailong , Huang Xiaomin , Wen Junbo , Fu Xiaowei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Optimal retrofit of low-performance units (LPUs) is promising to abate overflow pollutant mass loading of sewer systems during wet-weathers. This study presents a combination of mathematical model and Sobol algorithm to help identify LPUs of sewer systems and design retrofitting strategies. Therefore, the solution to minimize the overflow pollutant mass loading from sewers systems can be efficiently obtained. The developed method was demonstrated at a catchment served by one wastewater treatment plant in Chaohu City, Anhui Province of China, with five pumping stations and a total sewer length of 58.3 km. Within the catchment, there are three rivers and a pool, which are the main waterbodies for receiving the overflow pollutant mass loading from the sewer system. Among them, Donghuancheng river was the most polluted and thus selected as the object for water quality improvement by LPU retrofits in the paper. After identifying the LPUs in the sewer system along Donghuancheng river, and developing the associated retrofitting strategies using Sobol sequence, the mitigations for overflow pollutant mass loading were analyzed. Results show that by applying the optimal retrofit strategy, i.e., increasing the conveyance capacities of two pumping stations by 2.5~3.2 times and augmenting the diameters of 12 sewers by 1.25~1.29 times along Donghuancheng river, the mass loading of chemical oxygen demand (COD) discharged into the river could be reduced by 40.6%. To further coordinate the abatement of overflow pollution and retrofit investment, Sobol sensitivity analysis was conducted to screen the dominant LPUs to update the optimal retrofit strategy. Using the updated strategy, the overflow COD mass loading (1100 kg) per overflow event could be close to that of non-updated strategy (1039 kg) while reducing the retrofitting length of sewers by 40%. Therefore, on the basis of the presented method, decision-makers can flexibly develop an optimal retrofitting strategy for enhancing conveyance and interception efficiencies of sewage and respond to the abatement of overflow pollutant mass loading in a cost-effective way.
FGF-23 is a Biomarker of RV Dysfunction and Congestion in Patients with HFrEF
Authors: Benes Jan , Kroupova Katerina , Kotrc Martin , Petrak Jiri , Jarolim Petr , Novosadova Vendula , Kautzner Josef , Melenovsky Vojtech 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aims: There is no biomarker reflecting right ventricular dysfunction in HFrEF patients used in clinical practice. We have aimed to look for a circulating marker of RV dysfunction employing a quantitative proteomic strategy.
Methods and Results: The Olink Proteomics Multiplex panels (Cardiovascular Disease II, III, Cardiometabolic, and Inflammation Target Panels) identified FGF-23 to be the most differentially abundant (more than 2.5-fold) in blood plasma of HF patients with severe RV dysfunction (n=30) compared to those with preserved RV function (n= 31). A subsequent ELISA-based confirmatory analysis of circulating FGF-23 in a large cohort of patients (n= 344, 72.7% NYHA III/IV, LVEF 22.5%, 54.1% with moderate/severe RV dysfunction), followed by multivariable regression analysis, revealed that the plasma FGF-23 level was most significantly associated with RV dysfunction grade (p= 0.0004) and congestion in the systemic circulation (p= 0.03), but not with LV-ejection fraction (p= 0.69) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, p= 0.08). FGF-23 was associated with the degree of RV dysfunction in both sub-cohorts (i.e. in patients with and without congestion, p<0.0001). The association between FGF-23 and RV-dysfunction remained significant after the adjustment for BNP (p= 0.01). In contrast, when adjusted for BNP, FGF-23 was no longer associated with LV dysfunction (p=0.59). The Cox proportional hazard model revealed that circulating FGF-23 was significantly associated with adverse outcomes even after adjusting for BNP, LVEF, RV dysfunction grade and eGFR.
Conclusion: Circulating FGF-23 is a biomarker of right ventricular dysfunction in HFrEF patients regardless of congestion status.
Maternal and Live-birth Outcomes of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy after in vitro fertilization
Authors: Zhu Ying , Xu Le , Beejadhursing Rajluxmee , Li Fei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is an idiopathic disease of pregnancy while knowledge about ICP after IVF outcomes is scarce, especially the exact maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. Our aim is to evaluate the impact of in vitro fertilization (IVF) on the perinatal outcomes of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.Methods A retrospective study of 242 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy enrolled between 2019–2021 was carried out. Data were analyzed from the medical archives of the Huazhong university of science and technology, Tongji Hospital. The data analysis was conducted with SPSS 20.0 statistical software, results below 0.05 indicated significance.Results Numerical values of transaminases (ALT, AST) and TBA are significantly lower in the IVF group than that in the SC group (p < 0.05). The incidence of GDM was higher in the IVF group than in SC group (30.6% vs 16%, p < 0.05). The cesarean section rates are higher in the IVF group (97.2% vs 85.4%, p < 0.05). On the other hand, the prevalence of premature rupture of membranes was higher in the SC group (10.7%) while none was reported in the IVF-ICP group. Other maternal comorbidities and neonatal outcomes were similar between the two groups.Conclusion ICP patients who underwent IVF did not experience adverse pregnancy outcomes compared with those who conceived spontaneously. Given that there was no significant difference in prognosis and stillbirth incidence in the third trimester for IVF women with ICP, we suggest following the routine management.
A Chlorfenapyr-Based Net Interceptor® G2 Shows High Efficacy Against a Pyrethroid Resistant Anopheles funestus from Central Cameroon
Authors: Tchouakui Magellan , Thiomela Riccado F. , Nchoutpouen Elysee , Menze Benjamin D. , Ndo Cyrille , Achu Dorothy , Tabue Raymond N. , Njiokou Flobert , Joel Ateba , Wondji Charles S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background The increasing reports of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides associated with reduced efficacy of pyrethroid-only interventions highlight the urgency of introducing new non-pyrethroid-only control tools. Here, we investigated the performance of PBO-pyrethroid (PermaNet 3.0 (P3.0)) and dual active ingredients (AI) nets (Interceptor G2 (IG2) containing pyrethroids and chlorfenapyr) and Royal Guard (RG)- containing pyrethoids and pyripoxyfen) against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors in Cameroon.Methods The efficacy of these tools was first evaluated on Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus s.s using cone/tunnel assays in five sites across the country. In addition, experimental hut trials (EHT) were performed to evaluate the performance of these nets in semi-field conditions where An funestus predominate using unwashed and 20 times washed nets. Furthermore, pyrethroid-resistant markers were genotyped in dead vs alive, blood-fed vs unfed mosquitoes after exposure to these nets to evaluate the impact of known pyrethroid resistance markers on performance of the new nets.Results IG2 was the most effective net against wild pyrethroid -resistant An funestus followed by PermaNet 3.0. In EHT, this net induced up to 87.8% (95% CI 83– 92%) mortality and 55.6% (95% CI 48– 63%) after 20 washes whilst unwashed pyrethroid-only net (Royal sentry) killed just 18% (95% CI 13–23%) of host-seeking An. funestus. The unwashed P3.0 killed up to 54% (95% CI 44–63%) of field-resistant mosquitoes and 47% (95% CI 38– 57%) when washed 20 times. IG2 and P3.0 also provided better personal protection (blood feeding inhibition 66.2% and 92.8%) compared to pyrethroid-only net RS (8.4%) RG (77.84%). Interestingly, a negative association was found between kdrW and the chlorfenapyr-based net IG2 (χ2 = 138; P < 0.0001) with RR mosquitoes predominantly found in the deadConclusions The high mortality recorded by Interceptor G2 against pyrethroid-resistant An. funestus in this study provides first field evidence of high efficacy against this major malaria vector in Cameroon. However the efficacy of this tools should be assessed in other locations and on other major malaria vectors across the country.
Association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and [123I]-Ioflupane (DaTSCAN) availabilities in patients with parkinsonism using single-photon computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT)
Authors: Parekh Puja , Begley Patrick , Jessop Maryam , Aplin Mark , Missir Elena , McMeekin Helena , Raczek Malgorzata , Singh Nitasha , Dizdarevic Sabina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aim [123I]-Ioflupane (DaTSCAN) has a high binding affinity to the dopamine (DA) transporter (DaT) and tenfold less affinity to serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT). Both neurotransmitters are considered to contribute to body weight regulation. This study assesses the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and DaTSCAN availability in brain.Method Scans from 74 consecutive patients who had undergone DaTSCAN single-photon computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT were used to obtain semi and absolute quantitative data in several volumes of interest (VOIs). Relative semi-quantitative specific binding ratios (SBRs) from Chang attenuated SPECT were obtained from GE DaTQUANT. Absolute normalised concentration (NC) was calculated from attenuation/scatter corrected SPECT-CT images, using an adapted version of the EARL Ltd (European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) Research 4 Life) template.Results SBRs did not correlate with BMI. However, NC values correlated negatively in the entire cohort, with the strongest correlation in the frontal (r= -0.649. p = 0.000), occipital (r= -0.555, p = 0.000) regions and pons (r= -0.555, p = 0.000). In the abnormal (n = 49) and SWEDD group (n = 11), NC of the frontal region was the most correlated with BMI (r= -0.570, p = 0.000; r=-0.813, p = 0.002, respectively). In the borderline group (n = 14), the left posterior putamen displayed the strongest correlation (r=-0.765, p = 0.001).Conclusion Absolute NC values demonstrate a strong inverse correlation with BMI, strongest in the extrastriatal regions. Due to the predominately non-overlapping distribution of DaT and SERT, this study suggests greater involvement of SERT in obesity with possible interplay with DA transmission.
Near-infrared polarised light transmission characteristics in complex multilayer sea fog environments
Authors: Luo Kaiming , Fu Qiang , Zhang Meng , Yang Wei , Zhang Yue , Zhang Su , Zhan Juntong , Jiang Huilin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Sea fog particles have a serious impact on light wave propagation, resulting in low contrast and unrecognisable intensity images, which adversely affect transportation, marine fishing and development projects, as well as military activities. In this paper, a T-matrix-based transmission model is established to simulate polarised light. Using the polarised transmission model and a multi-layer sea fog simulator, the effects of different polarisation states, different wavelengths and different salinities on the degree of polarisation are investigated in multi-layers of different media and 14 cases of optical thickness. The results show that it is more difficult to depolarise circularly polarised light than linearly polarised light at the same sea spray optical thickness. The DOP(Degree of polarization) of near-infrared light is always greater than that of visible light, indicating that circularly polarised light is more polarisation preserving than linearly polarised light, and that the polarisation preserving properties of near-infrared light are better than those of visible light.
Peri-operative risk factors of chronic kidney disease after Acute Repair of Type A Aortic Dissection surgery
Authors: Guo Shengwen , Yan Pianpian , Wu Xijie , Huang Yiting , Lu Meili , Jiang Lulu , Zhou Yanqing , Ma Jiarong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective Cardiac surgery associated-acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) occurs in 40–55% of patients undergoing surgery for repair of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Few studies have investigated the association of postoperative AKI with kidney dysfunction seen long-term in patients after surgical repair for ATAAD. The aim of our study was to identify the risk factors of developing post-ATAAD repair chronic kidney disease (CKD) at 6 months.Methods We retrospectively reviewed a contemporary cohort of all patients who underwent surgery for ATAAD repair from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 at Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital affiliated with Xiamen University.Results Of the 255 included patients, frequency of ATAAD AKI was 112/255 (56.1%). Renal malperfusion (OR 2.175, p = 0.00591), intraoperative urine output (OR 0.75/ 1 ml/kg/h, p < 0.001) and intraoperative RBC transfusion (OR 1.27(/ 1 U, p = 0.00613) were significantly associated with early post ATAAD repair AKI. AKI was independently associated with postoperative adverse composite outcome(OR 3.496, 95% CI 1.955 ~ 6.379). CKD data was non-missing for 87% of participants, among the 232 patients included, 40 of 232 (17.2%) had post-operative CKD. The independent predictors of CKD at 6 mouths were body mass index (OR = 0.827, 95% CI: 0.723 ~ 0.931), cardiac tamponade (OR = 5.344, 95% CI:1.65 ~ 17.958), eGFR baseline < 60mL/min/BSA (OR = 12.629, 95% CI:5.003 ~ 35.373), time to peak SCr > 3 days after surgical repair (OR = 7.566, 95% CI: 2.799 ~ 22.731), and a graded effect of AKI [stage 1 (OR = 4.418, 95% CI: 1.339 ~ 15.361), stage 2 (OR = 8.345, 95% CI: 1.762 ~ 40.499) and stage 3 (OR = 9.463, 95% CI: 2.602 ~ 37.693)].Conclusions The peri-operative period has a major impact on CKD incidence. Both duration and severity of AKI provide prognostic value to predict the development of CKD.
Exercise Training Improves Blood Pressure Reactivity to Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mariano Igor Moraes , Amaral Ana Luiza , Ribeiro Paula Aver Bretanha , Puga Guilherme Morais 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) reactivity to stress is associated with cardiovascular events and the incidence of hypertension, therefore, tolerance to stressors is important for better management of cardiovascular risks. Exercise training is among the strategies that have been investigated as blunting the peak response to stressors, however, its efficacy is poorly explored. The aim was to explore the effects of exercise training (at least four weeks) on BP responses to stressor tasks in adults. A systematic review was performed in five electronic databases (MEDLINE, LILACS, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and PsycInfo). Twenty-three studies and two conference abstracts were included in the qualitative analysis, totaling 1157 individuals, and k = 17 and 695 individuals in the meta-analysis. Favorable results (random-effects) for exercise training were found, with attenuated hypertensive peaks in systolic (SMD = -0.34 [-0.56; -0.11], representing average reductions of 2.5 ± 3.6 mmHg) and null effects on diastolic BP (SMD = -0.20 [-0.54; 0.14], representing average reductions of 2.0 ± 3.5 mmHg). The analysis removing outliers’ studies improved the effects for diastolic (SMD= -0.21 [-0.38; -0.05]) but not systolic BP (SMD = -0.33[-0.53; -0.13]). In conclusion, exercise training seems to lower stress-related BP reactivity, therefore has the potential to improve patients’ ability to better respond to stressful situations.
The Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Attitudes toward Spirituality and Spiritual Care of Nurses: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abbasi Korosh , Alavi Azam 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Attitudes toward Spirituality and Spiritual Care of Nurses: a cross-sectional study Background: The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between spiritual intelligence and attitudes toward spirituality and spiritual care of nurses. Methods: This correlational, cross-sectional study was carried out on 193 nurses (in Iran) that selected using census sampling method. Data were collected using spiritual intelligence self-report inventory (SISRI) designed by King (2008) and spirituality and spiritual care rating scale (SSCRS) developed by Mc Sherry et al., (2002). Then, data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS software (ver. 16, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The results showed that mean ± SD of nurses' spiritual intelligence score (45.83 ± 61.14) was above average and mean score of spirituality and spiritual care (61.45 ± 30.12) was at moderate level. A positive and significant relationship was found between mean spiritual intelligence score and nurses' attitude towards spirituality and spiritual care (r = 0.764, and p < 0.001). According to the results of the regression analysis of the four dimensions of spiritual intelligence, transcendental awareness (beta = 0.471) followed by critical existential thinking (beta = 0.371) were the most important predictors. Conclusion: According to the research results, there was a significant and positive relationship between spiritual intelligence and attitudes toward spirituality and spiritual care. Therefore, it is necessary to include the training of spiritual intelligence in the nursing curriculum and fostering spiritual awareness and existential awareness through methods such as case studies and workshops should be considered as in-service nursing education.
Sleep Traits and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Fu Hao , Liu Li , Zhang Yuebing , Guo Xujia , Yu Hao , Qian Liju 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The correlation between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and sleep has been found in previous observational research. Whether these relationships are causal or not is still unclear. This study employing two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) attempted to research the causal relationship between ASD and sleep.
Methods: GWAS results were obtained for traits of sleep from the UK Biobank, consisting of Insomnia, Daytime sleepiness, and Sleep duration. The sleep duration data was split into two datasets: short sleep duration and long sleep duration.The GWAS result for ASD from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). For the primary method of this MR analysis, inverse-variance weighting (IVW) was used.
Results: Long sleep duration (sleep duration ≥ 9 hours) was nominally connected with an enhanced likelihood of autistic spectrum disorder (OR = 24.018; 95%CI 1.830-315.096; P = 0.016), no reverse causality existing (OR = 0.996; 95%CI 0.971-1.021; P = 0.762). Our results showed no causal relationship between daytime sleepiness, insomnia, sleep duration, sleep duration < 7 hours, and autism spectrum disorders.
Conclusion: This study suggested evidence for an adverse effect of long sleep duration on ASD risk. Improving sleep problems could alleviate the occurrence of autism spectrum disorders.
Identification of resistance to black spot disease and potential defense mechanisms in Chrysanthemum-related genera
Authors: Zhan Qingling , Li Wenjie , Liu Ye , Zhao Shuang , Chen Sumei , Fang Weimin , Chen Fadi , Guan Zhiyong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Chrysanthemum black spot disease caused by Alternaria alternate infestation is a widespread and extremely destructive foliar disease of chrysanthemums. Therefore, it is necessary to breeding germplasm resources of disease-resistant chrysanthemum to deal with this problem, and the identification of the disease-resistant chrysanthemum-related genera is of great significance to improve the targeted traits of chrysanthemums. This study was aimed at evaluating the disease resistance of chrysanthemum-related genera by using two different artificial inoculation methods and through the analysis of the physical and chemical defense mechanisms of plants. Here, according to the disease index, we divided 14 germplasms into three grades: 2 disease-resistant germplasms, 11 moderately sensitive germplasms, and 1 sensitive germplasm. We found that the trichomes density and wax content on the leaf surface of the disease-resistant germplasms were significantly higher than those of the sensitive germplasm, while the stomatal aperture and size of the resistant material were smaller than that of the sensitive germplasm. In addition, we found that the leaf extract of the disease-resistant germplasm effectively inhibited the growth rate of A. alternate mycelium on the plate, and GC-MS components found that the leaves of resistant germplasm contained more volatile antifungal organic compounds, of which falcarinoland Germacrene D might play an important role in resistance to chrysanthemum black spot disease. In summary, the physiochemical defense mechanisms explored in this study provided a reference for resolving disease resistance in chrysanthemums, and the resistant germplasm identified can be used as parents for hybrid breeding or grafting rootstocks for improved resistance in chrysanthemums.