bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The shark and ray teeth of the Lower Miocene (Upper Marine Molasse) from Ballendorf, Baden-Württemberg, Southern Germany.
Authors: Höltke Olaf , Maxwell Erin , Bracher Helmut , Rasser Michael W. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In an abandoned sand pit near Ballendorf (Alb-Donau District, Baden-Württemberg, sediments of the Upper Marine Molasse (Lower Miocene) are present. In these sediments, 30 shark and ray genera were identified (Aetobatus, Alopias, Araloselachus, Carcharhinus, Carcharias, Centrophorus, Chaenogaleus, Dasyatis, Galeocerdo, Hemipristis, Iago, Isistius, Isogomphodon, Keasius, Notorynchus, Pachyscyllium, Paragaleus, Physogaleus, Pristiophorus, Raja, Rhinobatos, Rhinoptera, Rhizoprionodon, Rhynchobatus, Scyliorhinus, Sphyrna, Squalus, Squatina, Taeniurops, Triakis). However, in this paper we only illustrate and describe the 23 taxa not already discussed in previous publications on the Upper Marine Molasse deposits of Äpfingen, Rengetsweiler and Ursendorf, apart from two exceptions: teeth from jaw positions not previously illustrated, and specimens that are better preserved than those in the previous publications. Specimens only determined as “sp.” were illustrated because it cannot be ruled out that they represent different species to the ones published earlier. Nearly all of the taxa found have recent relatives, only Araloselachus, Keasius and Physogaleusare extinct. Most of the recovered taxa lived on or near the bottom in the shelf region. Alopias and possibly also Keasius lived higher in the water column. With Isistius, a taxon living in the oceanic realm was present, and the Recent representatives of Centrophorus live in deeper waters. Nearly all taxa fed on invertebrates and/or fishes; Isistius also fed as an ectoparasite. Additionally, two generalist feeders (Galeocerdo, Notorynchus) and one filter feeder (Keasius) were identified. The species Carcharias crassidens, which is not common in the Upper Marine Molasse, was also verified. Other fossils which were found in this deposit are remnants of odontocete cetaceans, molluscs, balanid barnacles, algae, and teeth of terrestrial mammals. The palaeoenvironment was a warm, shallow water habitat. Based on greater proximity to the palaeo-coastline, the water depth was probably less than in other Upper Marine Molasse deposits.
The Increase in Diaphragm Thickness in Preterm Infants is Related to Birth Weight: A Pilot Study
Authors: Alonso-Ojembarrena Almudena , Morales-Navarro Alicia , Rodriguez-Medina Julia , Correro-Almagro Antonio , Martínez-García Rosario , Francisco Rosa Lopez-de , González-Haba-Martinez Blanca 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Diaphragm ultrasound (DU) has been used in adult and pediatric critical patients in relation to prediction of extubation success or to detect diaphragm dysfunction, but there is a lack of evidence in neonates. Our aim is to study the evolution of diaphragm thickness in preterm infants, as well as related variables.
Methods
Prospective monocentric observational study that included preterm infants born before 32 weeks (PT32). We performed DU to measure right and left inspiratory and expiratory thickness (RIT, LIT, RET and LET) and calculated the diaphragm-thickening fraction (DTF) in the first 24 hours of life and then weekly until 36 weeks postmenstrual age, death, or discharge. Using multilevel mixed-effect regression, we evaluated the influence of time since birth on diaphragm measurements, as well as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), birth weight (BW) and days of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).
Results
We included 107 infants, and we performed 519 DUs. All diaphragm thickness increased with time since birth, but the only additional variable that influenced this growth was BW: beta coefficients RIT=0.00006; RET=0.00005; LIT=0.00005; LET=0.00004, p<0.001. Right DTF values remained stable since birth.
Conclusions
In our population we found that the higher the BW, the higher diaphragm thicknesses at birth and follow-up. Contrary to the previously published findings in adult and pediatric settings, we were unable to describe a relationship between days of IMV and diaphragm thickness in PT32. The final diagnosis of BPD does not influence this increase either.
In-situ Hearing Threshold Estimation using Gaussian Process Classification
Authors: Boven Christopher , Roberts Reagan , Biggus Jeff , Patel Malini , Matsuoka Akihiro J. , Richter Claus-Peter 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

One in six Americans suffers from hearing loss. While treatment with amplification is possible for many, the acceptance rate of hearing aids is low. Poor device fitting is one of the reasons. The hearing aid fitting starts with a detailed hearing assessment by a trained audiologist in a sound-controlled environment, using standard equipment. The hearing aid is adjusted step-by-step, following well-described procedures based on the audiogram. However, for many patients in rural settings, considerable travel time to a hearing center discourages them from receiving a hearing test and treatment. We hypothesize that hearing assessment with the patient’s hearing aid can reliably substitute the hearing test in the clinic. Over-the-counter hearing aids could be programmed from a distance and can be fine-tuned by the hearing aid wearer. This study shows that a patient-controlled hearing assessment via a hearing aid in a non-clinical setting is not statistically different from an audiologist-controlled hearing assessment in a clinical setting. The differences in hearing obtained with our device and the Gaussian Process are within 3 dB of the standard audiogram. At 250 Hz, the sound delivery with the hearing aid used in this study added an additional reduction of sound level, which was not compensated.
Trends and Variability of Total Column Ozone and its Relationship with Meteorological Parameters during different Seasons
Authors: Reshma T , Varghese Binsy , Varikoden Hamza 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study we investigated the trends and variability in total column ozone, and we attempted to discover the relationship between atmospheric parameters and Total Column Ozone (TCO). It is found that in extratropical locations, January climatology TCO has a higher concentration compared to July, however in the tropics, the opposite is true. It was also shown that places with a greater concentration had a decreasing TCO trend and vice versa. Based on the composite analysis of TCO surplus and deficit years with meteorological parameters, the OLR pattern demonstrates asymmetry in respect to ozone levels between January and July. During January, specific humidity was high in most of the investigated regions, including the Pacific and Indian Ocean, while it got high during surplus years over the equatorial and south-west Pacific. TCO concentration and specific humidity have a dipole-like connection in the equatorial Indian Ocean throughout July. During deficit years in the tropics, the stability value is high in January, while there is a TCO surplus in July when the atmosphere is stable throughout the region. During excess TCO in January, there is downdraft (updraft) in the equatorial Pacific (Equatorial Indian) Ocean, and vice versa in July. During July, there is a dipole-like interaction in the equatorial Indian Ocean. High wind shear is related with excess TCO over the tropical Pacific. TCO have varying relationships during the summer and winter months. Moreover, annual analysis does not completely capture the link between TCO and meteorological conditions.
Empirical analysis of Integrated Teaching Mode of International Trade Based on Practical training data detection and Neural Network
Authors: Chen Lifang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the continuous development of China's foreign trade, the foreign trade industry requires universities to train more application-oriented talents with specific theoretical basis and professional knowledge. However, on the one hand, the gap between international trade professionals within enterprises is widening; On the other hand, many international trade graduates are not engaged in the foreign trade industry because their professional skills are not recognized, resulting in a waste of teaching resources. The root of this dilemma lies in the serious disconnection between the traditional training mode of international trade professionals and the international development background of Chinese foreign trade enterprises. This paper focuses on neural network technology, and then analyzes the integrated teaching mode of international trade. The integrated teaching resources studied in this paper come from various sources, mainly including traditional textbooks, courseware and other resources, as well as self-made MOOC courses and other MOOC platform course resources and other online teaching resources. In this paper, the framework of the integrated teaching model is mainly designed from three aspects: pre analysis, curriculum design, assessment and evaluation. It can be found that the following practice on integrated teaching mode is very successful in MOOC, which improves students' self-study ability and also cultivates their ability to cooperate and communicate. This proves that the integrated teaching model of international trade in this paper is effective. Through the research and discussion of neural network technology, this paper applies it to the integrated teaching mode, which provides a more powerful technical guarantee for the training of international trade talents.
Effectiveness and adverse effects of vaginal misoprostol as a single agent for second trimester pregnancy termination: The impact of fetal viability
Authors: Pongsatha Saipin , Suntornlimsiri Nuchanart , Tongsong Theera 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the effectiveness of vaginal misoprostol for second trimester termination between pregnancies with a dead fetus in utero and those with a live fetus and to identify factors associated with the success rate.
Methods
Singleton pregnancies with live fetuses and dead fetuses, between 14 and 28 weeks, with unfavorable cervix were recruited to have pregnancy termination with intravaginal misoprostol 400 mcg every 6 hours.
Results
Misoprostol was highly effective for termination, with a low failure rate of 6.3%. The effectiveness was significantly higher in pregnancies with a dead fetus (log-rank test; p: 0.008), with median delivery time of 11.2 vs 16.7 hours. Fetal viability, fetal weight or gestational age and an initial Bishop score were significantly related with total amount of misoprostol dosage used for induction. Fetal viability and gestational age / fetal weight were still an independent factor after adjustment on multivariate analysis.
Conclusion
Vaginal misoprostol is highly effective for second trimester termination, with significantly higher effectiveness in pregnancies with a dead fetus. Also, the effectiveness is significantly associated with birth weight / gestational age, and initial Bishop score, suggesting that the regimen of misoprostol should be modified, depending on fetal viability and gestational age.
Identification of Subtypes Associated with Pyroptosis and Immune Cell Death, Prediction using Prognostic Models, and Analysis of Tumor Microenvironment in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ge yi , Liu Shuang , He Jing , Xia Jiaqi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Pyroptosis and immunogenic cell death (ICD) are two pathways of programmed cell death (PCD). The role of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) and immunogenic cell death-related genes (ICDGs) in the alteration of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear to date.
Method: We used the consensus clustering analysis for the classification of subtypes from TCGA datasets.Regression analysis was performed to identify the significant genes. We analyzed the infiltration of immune cells in each patient's TME. Finally, a Nomogram model was constructed, which was related to the clinical phenotype of the patients.
Result: In the consensus clustering, HNSCC patients were divided into different subtypes according to the expression levels of PRGs and ICDGs. The risk score was obtained based on 19 risk genes, and the patients were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. The low-risk group was observed to be strongly associated with better survival. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed the risk scores of pyroptosis and ICD as independent prognostic indicators.
Conclusion: It is important to type HNSCC according to PRGs and ICDGs, to develop effective treatment strategies for HNSCC.
A 64-year-old woman with recurrent cough and expectoration for 8 months after CAR-T cell therapy
Authors: Fang Chuangsen , Zhong Xefeng , Li Yanming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Various side effects may occur after CAR-T cell therapy, including cytokine release syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome, graft versus host reaction, etc. However, there is no report of bronchiolitis obliterans after CAR-T treatment.
Case presentation: A 64-year-old woman was diagnosed with multiple myeloma type IgG-λ stage IIIA. After receiving CAR-T therapy 8 months ago, cough and expectoration occurred. Chest CT scan showed ground glass opacity in the upper lobe of the right lung and the basal segment of the left lower lobe. After antibiotic treatment, the patient's symptoms and imaging performance did not significantly improve. Through bronchoscopy biopsy, it was ultimately diagnosed as bronchitis obliterans. After receiving glucocorticoid and azithromycin treatment, the patient's condition was controlled.
Conclusion: CAR-T cell therapy may be one of the causes of BO. Treatment with glucocorticoids and azithromycin may be helpful.
Altered functional brain networks in problematic Internet use: resting-state fMRI study
Authors: Áfra Eszter , Janszky József , Perlaki Gábor , Orsi Gergely , Nagy Szilvia Anett , Arató Ákos , Szente Anna , Alhour Husamalddin Ali Mohammad , Kis-Jakab Gréta , Darnai Gergely 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, the limitless availability to the World Wide Web can lead to general Internet misuse and dependence. Currently, problematic Internet, smartphone and social media use belong to the most prevalent behavioral addictions. However, the neurobiological background of these Internet related behavioral addictions is not sufficiently explored. In this study, these addiction forms were assessed with self-reported questionnaires. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired for all participants (n=72, 36 males) to examine functional brain networks. The resting-state networks that were discovered using independent component analysis were analyzed to estimate within network differences. Significant negative associations with problematic Internet use, social media addiction and smartphone addiction were found in the language network, the lateral and medial visual networks, the auditory network, the sensorimotor network and the executive network. Our study suggests that problematic Internet, smartphone and social media use can cause alterations in sensory processing and higher cognitive functioning.
Modeling study of particle flow pattern and in-out plasma density asymmetry in the divertor region due to drifts with SOLPS and BOUT++
Authors: Deng G. Z. , Yu C. H. , Wang X. M. , Feng W. , Liu X. J. , Yang H. H. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A study of the effects of drifts on the particle flow pattern and in-out divertor plasma density asymmetry for L-mode and H-mode plasmas is carried out for EAST discharges by the edge plasma transport codes SOLPS and BOUT++. The simulation of L-mode plasmas is done by SOLPS while the simulation of H-mode plasmas is done by BOUT++. The toroidal magnetic field direction for the simulated discharge is artificially reversed in the codes to study the effects of different drift directions on the divertor particle flow pattern and the in-out asymmetry of divertor plasma density. The divertor particle flows induced by diamagnetic and E×B drifts are found to have similar directions in the divertor region for the same discharge. The directions of the flows induced by drifts would be reversed with the reverse of toroidal magnetic field direction. The diamagnetic drift seems to have no effect on the in-out asymmetry of divertor plasma density due to its divergence-free nature. However, the E×B drift could result in a pronounced asymmetry of plasma density between the inner and outer divertor targets. The density in-out asymmetry caused by E×B drift is reversed with the reverse of E×B drift flow direction. Detailed analysis shows that the radial component of the E×B drift flow is the main cause of density asymmetry. The results from the simulation of H-mode plasmas with BOUT + + are similar to those of the L-mode plasmas with SOLPS except that the drift effects seem to be slightly larger in the H-mode plasmas compared to the L-mode plasmas.
A comprehensive evaluation model for university classroom teaching quality based on machine vision and Fermatean fuzzy sets
Authors: Li Junbo , Zhang Fangwei , Wang Rui , Ni Huan , Li Taiyang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Traditional course teaching evaluation models face increasing challenges in higher education due to their limitations in measuring qualitative indicators. To address this issue, this study constructs a classroom teaching quality evaluation system based on YOLOv5 object detection technology and the five major processes of course teaching management. Here, Fermatean fuzzy set (FFS) is introduced to express the uncertainty in the evaluation process. The core of this study is to establish a scientifically effective comprehensive evaluation model for university classroom teaching quality. Specifically, this model utilizes the minimum discriminative information principle and combines the order relation analysis method (G1 method) and the FFS entropy weighting method to determine attribute weights for weighted attribution. Thereafter, the proposed generalized distance measurement formula is utilized to enhance the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) for assessing similarity, thereby achieving the objective of evaluating classroom teaching. Eventually, the effectiveness and practicality of the evaluation model are validated through case studies and comparisons with other methods.
An integrative bioinformatics investigation and experimental validation of immune- related genes in overflow arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Lu Peng , Wang Tun , Wan Zicheng , Wang Mo , Zhou Yang , He Zhenyu , Liao Sheng , Liu Haiyang , Shu Chang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access for hemodialysis. However, the low rate of AVF maturation is a pressing issue. While the role of immunity and inflammation in AVF has been recognized, there is no research describing their effects on AVF maturation from a bioinformatics perspective. In this study, we analyzed the GSE119296 dataset to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and then performed Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis (KEGG) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). We also performed immune cell infiltration analysis and identified differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs). Our results showed that immune-related genes and signaling pathways are significantly enriched in mature AVF. We found that the proportion of macrophages, plasma cells and follicular helper T cells increased significantly in matured AVF. The gene expression of candidate hub genes obtained from the PPI network increased sequentially in native veins, failed AVFs, and matured AVFs. We validated the candidate hub genes using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, and ultimately identified three hub genes (IL1B, IL6, CXCR4). Our bioinformatics research provides potential targets to further explore the effects of inflammation and immunity in AVF.
Brookite TiO2 Nanosquares Synthesized by a Novel Green Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Wu Zhigang , Wang Yulei , Wang Le , Zhang Aiwei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Brookite TiO2 nanopsquares were synthesized by using a mixture of TiBALDH and TiOCl2 and low-temperature hydrothermal method at 150℃. The process does not need any template, organic additive, or organic solvent. It is proved to be a clean, simple, time-saving, and mild reaction condition route to prepare brookite TiO2 nanopsquares. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) prove that a pure brookite TiO2 nanosquares with mean edge length of ∼51 nm were successfully prepared. The obtained brookite nanosquares show outstanding photoactivity toward the decomposition of Rhodamine B in water under UV light irradiation which is even better than Degussa P25.
A Multi-View Learning Approach to Enhance Automatic 12-Lead ECG Diagnosis Performance
Authors: Choi Jae-Won , Hong Dae-Yong , Jung Chan , Hwang Eugene , Park Sung-Hyuk , Roh Seung-Young 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The electrocardiogram (ECG) has important clinical value for the early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the performance of existing diagnosis models based on ECG data has improved with the introduction of deep learning (DL). However, the impact of various combinations of multiple DL components and/or the role of augmentation techniques on the diagnosis have not been sufficiently investigated in this field. In this sense, this study aims to design an integrated model consisting of diverse DL-based modules. Here, an ensemble-based multi-view learning approach with an ECG augmentation technique is proposed to achieve higher performance than traditional automatic 12-lead ECG diagnosis methods. Accordingly, several experiments have been conducted with CPSC2018 dataset for evaluation. The proposed model reports F1 score of 0.840, which outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods in the literature. Thus, this study provides quantitative evidence demonstrating that the multi-view learning approach can be used as a unified algorithmic method in the field of bioinformatics.
Augmented Reality based Language and Math Learning Applications for Preschool Children Education
Authors: Yao Wei , Wang Lei , Liu Deyang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
AR-supported learning methods are widely applied in preschool education. In order to improve and develop preschool children’s capacity in learning English language and math, this paper puts forward two AR-based applications by fully considering children?? developmental characteristics. Combining the designed cartoon picture cards, 3D models and cartoon videos, the developed AR applications can enrich children’s learning experience in virtue of marker-based AR technique. To evaluate the effect of the proposed AR applications, two tests are conducted to respectively investigate the usability and children’s learning achievement. The results demonstrate that (1) the AR applications can provide a fun learning environment and enable children to participate in the teaching activities; (2) the user interfaces of our AR applications are neat and easy to follow; (3) the preschool teachers present an inclination towards AR applications in teaching activities; (3) the designed AR applications benefit in mastering English language and math skills for preschool children.