bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assortment Optimization for a Multistage Choice Model
Authors: Xu Yunzong , Wang Zizhuo 
Published: June 2023

Problem definition: Motivated by several practical selling scenarios that require previous purchases to unlock future options, we consider a multistage assortment optimization problem, where the seller makes sequential assortment decisions with commitment and the customer makes sequential choices to maximize her expected utility. Methodology/results: We start with the two-stage problem and formulate it as a dynamic combinatorial optimization problem. We show that this problem is polynomial-time solvable when the customer is fully myopic or fully forward-looking. In particular, when the customer is fully forward-looking, the optimal policy entails that the assortment in each stage is revenue-ordered, and a product with higher revenue always leads to a wider range of future options. Moreover, we find that the optimal assortment in the first stage must be smaller than the optimal assortment when there is no second stage and the optimal assortment in the second stage must be larger than the optimal assortment when there is no first stage. When the customer is partially forward-looking, we show that the problem is NP-hard in general. In this case, we establish the polynomial-time solvability under certain conditions. In addition, we propose a 2-approximation algorithm in the general setting. We further extend these results to the multistage problem with an arbitrary number of stages, for which we derive generalized structural properties and efficient algorithms. Managerial implications: Firms can benefit from our study and improve their sequential assortment strategies when their interaction with each customer consists of multiple stages. Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China [Grant 72150002] and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mathematical Foundations for Artificial Intelligence. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1224 .
Lumbar multifidus muscle morphology is associated with low back-related pain duration, disability, and leg pain: A cross-sectional study in secondary care
Authors: Cooley Jeffrey R. , Kjaer Per , Jensen Tue S. , Jacques Angela , Theroux Jean , Hebert Jeffrey J. 
Published: June 2023

Background
Systematic reviews and studies exploring associations between morphologic change of paraspinal muscles and low back pain or related outcomes such as disability, radiculopathy, and physical workload, have reported conflicting results. This study explores the associations between lumbar multifidus muscle quality and clinical outcomes relating to low back pain.

Methods
Cross-sectional study of spinal clinic outpatients presenting with a primary complaint of low back and/or leg symptoms. Univariable and multivariable regression models were used to investigate associations between MRI-based multifidus muscle cross-sectional area at L4 and L5 and clinical outcomes for low back pain, leg pain, disability, restricted motion, and strenuous nature of work. Results were reported with β-coefficients, odds ratios (OR), or incidence rate ratios (IRR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals, based on a 10% difference in muscle quality for each clinical variable. Multivariable analyses were adjusted for age, sex, and BMI.

Results
875 patients [487 females; mean (SD) age: 43.6 (10.2) years] were included. In the multivariable analyses, muscle quality was significantly associated with disability (0–23 scale) [β: -0.74, 95% CI: -1.14, -0.34], leg pain intensity (0–10 scale) [β: -0.25, 95% CI: -0.46, -0.03], and current pain duration of more than 12 months [OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.55]. No associations were found for low back pain intensity, morning stiffness, painful active range of motion, or work nature.

Conclusions
Patients with higher lumbar multifidus muscle quality reported lower levels of low back pain-related disability and leg pain intensity, indicating that muscle quality may play a role in the etiology of lumbar spine disorders. However, the clinical importance of these associations is uncertain due to the low magnitude of identified associations. Future longitudinal studies are needed to understand the effect of lumbar multifidus muscle quality on lumbar-related pain and disability.
Postoperative effects of laparoscopic Hartmann reversal: A multicenter propensity score matched study
Authors: Lee Kil-yong , Lee Jaeim , Oh Seong Taek , Lee Chul Seung , Kim Nam Suk , Song Ju Myung , Yoo Ri-Na , Choi Byung Jo 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAlthough the advantages of laparoscopic Hartmann reversal (LHR) compared to open Hartmann reversal (OHR) have been reported in the literature, the number of multicenter studies with good matching investigating this topic is rare. In the present study, we aimed to confirm the advantages of LHR in terms of short-term outcomes through propensity score matching of LHR and OHR groups, using data collected from multiple institutions.MethodsPatients who underwent Hartmann reversal at six institutions under the Catholic Medical Center of the Catholic University of Korea between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2021, were included. The patients were divided into the LHR and OHR groups based on the technique used. The two groups were matched using propensity score matching (1:1 ratio, logistic regression with the nearest-neighbor method). The primary outcome was postoperative ileus (POI) frequency, and secondary outcomes were time to solid diet (days) and length of stay (days).ResultsAmong 337 patients, propensity score matching was performed on 322, after excluding 15 who had undergone open conversion. Of these, 63 patients were assigned to each group through propensity score matching. There was no difference in the frequency of adhesiolysis (77.8% vs. 82.5%, p = 0.503) or the operation time. (210 (IQR 159–290) vs. 233 (IQR 160–280), p = 0.718) between the two groups. As the primary outcome, the LHR group showed significantly lower POI frequency than the OHR group. (4.8% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.0041) Regarding the secondary outcomes, the LHR group showed a shorter period to solid diet than the OHR group. The length of hospital stay was also significantly shorter in the LHR group (4 vs. 6, p < 0.0001; 9 vs. 12, p<0.0001).ConclusionLHR is an effective method to ensure faster recovery of patients after surgery compared to OHR.
Intraoperative intravenous low-dose esketamine improves quality of early recovery after laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer: A prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Ying , He Long , Liu Shaoxuan , Zhang Chaofan , Ai Yanqiu 
Published: June 2023

Background
Esketamine has higher potency, stronger receptor affinity, a stronger analgesic effect, a higher in vivo clearance rate, and a lower incidence of adverse reactions when compared to ketamine. However, there have been few ketamine studies to assess patient-centered, overall recovery outcomes from the perspective of patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods
This was a prospective, randomized controlled trial. Ninety-two patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer were randomly assigned to either the esketamine (K group) or non-eskatamine (C group) group. After anesthesia induction, a loading dose of 0.25 mg/kg was administered, followed by continuous infusion at a rate of 0.12 mg.kg-1.h-1 until closure of surgical incisions in the K group. In the C group, an equivalent volume of normal saline was infused. The primary outcome was quality of recovery at 24 h after surgery, as measured by the Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) scale. The QoR-15 was evaluated at three timepoints: before (Tbefore), 24 h (T24h) and 72 h (T72h) after surgery.

Main results
A total of 88 patients completed this study. The total QoR-15 scores in K group (n = 45) were higher than in the C group (n = 43) at 24 h: 112.33 ± 8.79 vs. 103.93 ± 9.03 (P = 0.000) and at 72 h: 118.73 ± 7.82 vs. 114.79 ± 7.98 (P = 0.022). However, the differences between the two groups only had clinical significance at 24 h after surgery. Among the five dimensions of the QoR-15, physical comfort (P = 0.003), emotional state (P = 0.000), and physical independence (P = 0.000) were significantly higher at 24 h in the K group, and physical comfort (P = 0.048) was higher at 72 h in the K group.

Conclusions
This study found that intraoperative intravenous low-dose esketamine could improve the early postoperative quality of recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer from the perspective of patients.
Preliminary Rasch analysis of the multidimensional assessment of interoceptive awareness in adults with stroke
Authors: Blackwood Jena , Carpentier Sydney , Deng Wei , Van de Winckel Ann 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThe Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) measures interoceptive body awareness, which includes aspects such as attention regulation, self-regulation, and body listening. Our purpose was to perform a preliminary validation of the MAIA in adults with stroke using Rasch Measurement Theory.MethodsThe original MAIA has 32 items that measure interoceptive sensibility, which is an aspect of body awareness. We performed a preliminary analysis with Rasch Measurement Theory to evaluate the unidimensionality and structural validity of the scale. We investigated overall fit to assess unidimensionality, person and item fit, person separation reliability, targeting, local item dependence, and principal components analysis of residuals.ResultsForty-one adults with chronic stroke (average 3.8 years post-stroke, 13 women, average age 57±13 years) participated in the study. Overall fit (χ2= 62.26, p = 0.26) and item fit were obtained after deleting 3 items and rescoring 26 items. One participant did not fit the model (2.44%). There were no floor (0.00%) or ceiling effects (0.00%). Local item dependence was found in 42 pairs. The person separation reliability was 0.91, and the person mean location was 0.06±1.12 logits.ConclusionsThe preliminary structural validity of the MAIA demonstrated good targeting and reliability, as well as unidimensionality, and good item and person fit in adults with chronic stroke. A study with a larger sample size is needed to validate our findings.
ABO blood group as a determinant of COVID-19 and Long COVID: An observational, longitudinal, large study
Authors: Soriano Joan B. , Peláez Adrián , Busquets Xavier , Rodrigo-García María , Pérez-Urría Elena Ávalos , Alonso Tamara , Girón Rosa , Valenzuela Claudia , Marcos Celeste , García-Castillo Elena , Ancochea Julio 
Published: June 2023

Background
An association of ABO blood group and COVID-19 remains controversial.

Methods
Following STROBE guidance for observational research, we explored the distribution of ABO blood group in patients hospitalized for acute COVID-19 and in those with Long COVID. Contingency tables were made and risk factors were explored using crude and adjusted Mantle-Haentzel odds ratios (OR and 95% CI).

Results
Up to September 2022, there were a total of 5,832 acute COVID-19 hospitalizations in our hospital, corresponding to 5,503 individual patients, of whom blood group determination was available for 1,513 (27.5%). Their distribution by ABO was: 653 (43.2%) group 0, 690 (45.6%) A, 113 (7.5%) B, and 57 (3.8%) AB, which corresponds to the expected frequencies in the general population. In parallel, of 676 patients with Long COVID, blood group determination was available for 135 (20.0%). Their distribution was: 60 (44.4%) from group 0, 61 (45.2%) A, 9 (6.7%) B, and 5 (3.7%) AB. The distribution of the ABO system of Long COVID patients did not show significant differences with respect to that of the total group (p ≥ 0.843). In a multivariate analysis adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, and severity of acute COVID-19 infection, subgroups A, AB, and B were not significantly associated with developing Long COVID with an OR of 1.015 [0.669–1.541], 1.327 [0.490–3.594] and 0.965 [0.453–2.058], respectively. The effect of the Rh+ factor was also not significant 1,423 [0.772–2,622] regarding Long COVID.

Conclusions
No association of any ABO blood subgroup with COVID-19 or developing Long COVID was identified.
AS MEDIDAS LEGAIS PROTETIVAS DE BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS E SEUS REFLEXOS NA PRESERVAÇÃO AMBIENTAL DOS RECURSOS HÍDRICOS
Authors: Passos de Freitas Vladimir , Yatsuda Moromizato Yoshida Consuelo , Alves da Silva Junior Genésio 
Published: June 2023

Contextualização do tema: A proteção dos recursos hídricos é uma das maiores preocupações atuais, não apenas pela necessária proteção do meio ambiente, como também para o resguardo dos direitos humanos. A presente pesquisa concentra-se no estudo das medidas legais protetivas de bacias hidrográficas, principalmente à luz da Lei nº. 9.433/1997.
Objetivos: O objetivo geral reside na compreensão das potencialidades e fragilidades das principais disposições legais protetivas de bacias hidrográficas posteriores à Constituição de 1988. O objetivo específico é apurar os reflexos que o inadequado tratamento dado às bacias hidrográficas pode ocasionar na preservação de recursos hídricos.
Metodologia: quanto à metodologia, foi utilizado o método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo, os métodos de procedimento histórico e monográfico e a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica.
Resultados: verificou-se que a Lei das Águas adotou acertada estratégia ao estabelecer a bacia hidrográfica como a unidade territorial para implementação da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos (PNRH), ao criar os Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas, neles permitindo a participação da comunidade, e ao reconhecer a água como um bem de domínio público e como um recurso natural limitado, dotado de valor econômico.
A TAXA DE LIXO: DO CONCEITO À PRÁTICA
Authors: Cossa Nelson Ernesto 
Published: June 2023

Contextualização: A taxa do lixo como tributo constitui o nosso objecto de estudo, em particular a cobrada pelo Conselho Municipal da Cidade da Matola (CMCM), no âmbito do processo de descentralização e governação local. Este artigo incide sobre os moradores do Bairro de Intaka - I, que apesar de não se beneficiarem dos serviços municipais de remoção e gestão de lixo têm sido cobrados, de forma automática, o valor correspondente ao pagamento da taxa do lixo.
Objetivo: Neste contexto, procura-se discutir a ratio da cobrança da referida taxa pelo CMCM, partindo das características da contrapartida individualizada e da “bilateralidade” que marcam o próprio conceito legal de taxa aos princípios que orientam a acção administrativa da Administração Pública – (AP).
Metodologia: Através de uma metodologia qualitativa, iniciamos a análise compreendendo as dinâmicas do processo de recolha, depósito e tratamento de lixo no âmbito da gestão administrativa municipal e a sua relação com os munícipes, tendo sido factor determinante para a nossa pesquisa, colocar a crivo o instrumento da sua ligação, o regime jurídico de taxa de lixo.
Resultados: A partir de constatações fácticas, a pesquisa conclui não ser razoável designar-se lixo, o conceito relativo os serviço público de recolha, depósito e tratamento de lixo, muito menos, qualificar de taxa aquela obrigação de pagar pelo serviço, isso tendo em conta a natureza jurídica das taxas.
O PENSAMENTO POLÍTICO NOSSO DE CADA DIA E O FASCISMO TRANSNACIONAL
Authors: Staffen Marcio Ricardo 
Published: June 2023

Contextualização: O estudo que se apresenta é contemporâneo ao cenário de atos antidemocráticos que culminaram no assalto à Praça dos Três Poderes, em Brasília, no dia 08 de janeiro de 2023, com invasão ao Congresso Nacional, ao Palácio do Planalto e ao Supremo Tribunal Federal designados por instituições estrangeiras como resultado do fascismo transnacional. Objetivo: O artigo objetiva contrastar as bases do pensamento político brasileiro que culminaram nos atos antidemocráticos de 08 de janeiro de 2023, segundo as ideias de Raymundo Faoro, com a atribuição de fenômenos de fascismo transnacional para fins de apontar os pressupostos ideológicos que nutriram os respectivos movimentos de assalto e sublevação. Metodologia: utilizou-se, para o desenvolvimento da presente pesquisa, o método indutivo, operacionalizado pelas técnicas de conceito operacional, da pesquisa bibliográfica. Resultado: Os atentados de 08 de janeiro de 2023 são frutos do pensamento político brasileiro endêmico. As reivindicações, as frustrações e as soluções dos envolvidos nos atos de sublevação decorrem de épocas passadas. Ao longo das manifestações dos envolvidos no assalto à Brasília não se observa lastro teórico e ideológico substancial de articulação transnacional.
On a system of multi-component Ginzburg-Landau vortices
Authors: Hadiji Rejeb , Han Jongmin , Sohn Juhee 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We study the asymptotic behavior of solutions for

n

n

-component Ginzburg-Landau equations as

ε
→
0

\varepsilon \to 0

. We prove that the minimizers converge locally in any

C

k

{C}^{k}

-norm to a solution of a system of generalized harmonic map equations.
Fixing Reasonable Expectations in European Contract Law
Authors: Osmola Szymon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The reasonable expectations standard permeates European contract law. An influential objection against reasonable expectations, related to it being formulated as a standard, is its apparent vagueness: it does not sufficiently specify its criteria, and is thus redundant in providing guidance for individuals’ behaviour. This article argues that European contract law clarifies the content of reasonable expectations by identifying different grounds for them – mandatory rules, action-based rules, default rules, indicative rules, industry-related rules and (unregulated) practices – and establishing a relatively structured hierarchy between them. For this reason, the standard of reasonable expectations contributes to effective guidance for the behaviour of subjects of European contract law.
Paradigmatische Gräben: Zum Verhältnis von Protest- und Gewaltforschung
Authors: Malthaner Stefan 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Zwischen Protest und Phänomenen Politischer Gewalt, wie Terrorismus, Bürgerkriegen oder gewaltsamen Ausschreitungen, bestehen vielfache Zusammenhänge und teils fließende Übergänge. Aus der Theoretisierung dieser Kontinuitäten und der Erweiterung des eigenen Gegenstandsbereiches entstanden wichtige innovative Impulse für die soziale Bewegungsforschung. Deren Verhältnis zu unterschiedlichen Feldern der Gewaltforschung ist jedoch geprägt und teils limitiert durch grundlegend verschiedene Forschungsparadigmen, d. h. Imaginationen des Gegenstandes, in die Horizonte relevanter Fragen und Erklärungslogiken eingeschrieben sind.
Boilerplate and contractual language: Pseudo-contract or blanket assent?
Authors: Butler Brian E. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this article I analyze Kar and Radin’s critique of boilerplate text in contract. The problems identified in boilerplate are significant. I then describe the test that they offer to distinguish between proper contract and “pseudo-contract” in boilerplate. The test is constructed upon the use of Gricean Maxims slightly modified for the context of contract law. Next, Karl Llewellyn’s test for boilerplate is described. Ultimately, through the use of a couple of examples it is argued that Llewellyn’s test is a better option. Even with this result, much of the Kar and Radin critique of boilerplate is significant and valuable.
The concepts of explicature, impliciture and the Coserian invariant/variant distinction in Spanish legal utterances
Authors: Villars Rina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses the encoding and recovery of an implicit adjectival gender modifier in the statements on political citizenship in most Hispanic American constitutions before female suffrage was instituted. The modifier, which was intended to exclude women, was straightforwardly recovered because citizenship was at the time an exclusive right of men. Eventually, however, linguistic-legal indeterminacy arose when some judges and legislators manipulated a language-system fact, i.e., the dual meaning of masculine gender (marked and unmarked), to argue that the constitutional norm for citizenship included women. The modifier is analyzed in reference to the concepts ofexplicatureandimpliciture,which trace the distinction between explicit and implicit content in ways compatible with my analysis. Neither of the two concepts comprehensively accounts for the encoding and recovery of the modifier. The integral linguistic model of Eugenio Coseriu does so.
Genomic analysis of immunogenic cell death-related subtypes for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes in glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Liu Zhiye , Li Wei , You Guoliang , Hu Zhihong , Liu Yuji , Zheng Niandong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD), a unique form of cancer cell death, has therapeutic potential in anti-tumour immunotherapy. The aim of this study is to explore the predictive potential of ICD in the prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). RNA sequencing data and clinical information were downloaded from three databases. Unsupervised consistency clustering analysis was used to identify ICD-related clusters and gene clusters. Additionally, the ICD scores were determined using principal component analysis and the Boruta algorithm via dimensionality reduction techniques. Subsequently, three ICD-related clusters and three gene clusters with different prognoses were identified, with differences in specific tumour immune infiltration-related lymphocytes in these clusters. Moreover, the ICD score was well differentiated among patients with GBM, and the ICD score was considered an independent prognostic factor for patients with GBM. Furthermore, two datasets were used for the external validation of ICD scores as predictors of prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes. The validation analysis suggested that patients with high ICD scores had a worse prognosis. Additionally, a higher proportion of patients with high ICD scores were non-responsive to immunotherapy. Thus, the ICD score has the potential as a biomarker to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes of patients with GBM.
Fehler und Fehlurteile im Strafverfahren als kriminologisches Forschungsfeld. Einführung in das Heft
Authors: Drenkhahn Kirstin , Kölbel Ralf , Momsen Carsten 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungFehlurteile stellen besonders gewichtige Fehlleistungen des Strafrechtssystems dar. Es bedarf daher institutioneller Mechanismen zu deren Vorbeugung und Korrektur. Inwieweit diese ausreichend und funktional ausgestaltet sind, kann nur auf der Basis empirischen Wissens beurteilt werden. Die dahingehende deutsche Forschung dürfte dabei, auch wenn sie in jüngster Zeit eine gewisse Wiederbelebung erfahren hat, von internationalen Studien profitieren. Deshalb gibt der Beitrag zur Einführung in das vorliegende Sonderheft hierüber einen knappen Überblick.
Frühe Hilfen in Deutschland
Authors: Paul Mechthild 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick zum Stand der Frühen Hilfen in Deutschland. Diese haben zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen, sowohl im präventiven Kinderschutz als auch in der Gesundheitsförderung. Im Kontext des sektorenübergreifenden Arbeitens – insbesondere der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe und des Gesundheitswesens – sowie der Gestaltung von niedrigschwelligen Zugängen für Familien in belasteten Lebenslagen werden die Frühen Hilfen oftmals als Blaupause für die Umsetzung des Health-in-all-Policies-Ansatzes und die Überwindung des Präventionsdilemmas genannt.
Frühe Hilfen international
Authors: Haas Sabine , Weigl Marion 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Frühe Hilfen tragen im deutschsprachigen Raum zur Umsetzung der UN-Nachhaltigkeitsziele sowie des Nurturing Care Framework bei. Die Umsetzung von Frühen Hilfen startete in Deutschland; Österreich, Südtirol und seit kurzem Liechtenstein folgten. In der Schweiz gibt es fachliche Vorarbeiten und Interesse. Die zugrunde liegenden Ziele der Frühen Hilfen in diesen Ländern sind dieselben, in der Umsetzung bestehen jedoch durchaus Unterschiede.