bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 encephalitis: Five case reports and literature review
Authors: Chen Sixian , Ren Haitao , Lin Fuhong , Fan Siyuan , Cao Yuze , Zhao Weili , Guan Hongzhi ,   the Encephalitis Collaborative Group
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical and radiological characteristics of anti‐metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) encephalitis.MethodsWe reviewed the clinical data of five patients with anti‐mGluR5 encephalitis, and performed a literature review.ResultsThe five cases included a 52‐year‐old man who developed a biphasic course of anti‐mGluR5 encephalitis after herpes simplex encephalitis, a 22‐year‐old woman who showed bilateral basal ganglia lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and a 36‐year‐old man with mixed aphasia and generalized tonic‐clonic seizures, a 51‐year‐old man presented with personality changes, hallucinations, delusions, sleeping disorders and a 58‐year‐old man with short‐term memory deficits and absence seizures.. There are 16 reported cases of anti‐mGluR5 encephalitis worldwide. Of all 21 patients, with a median onset age of 35 years old, the main neurological symptoms were cognitive impairment (85.7%, 18/21), psychiatric or behavior problems (76.2%, 16/21), seizures (57.1%, 12/21), sleeping disorders (52.4%, 11/21), different degrees of decreased consciousness (42.9%, 9/21), and movement disorders (23.8%, 5/21). Brain MRI was normal in 11 of 21 patients. Lesions of the limbic lobes were presented in 5 patients, while involvement of other extralimbic regions was also reported. Seven of 21 (33.3%) cases were combined with tumors. Elevated white blood cell counts or specific oligoclonal IgG bands in the cerebrospinal fluid were found in 18 of 21 patients, with marked improvements observed after immunotherapy.DiscussionPatients with anti‐mGluR5 encephalitis typically present with diffuse, rather than purely limbic, encephalitis. Anti‐mGluR5 encephalitis can be triggered by herpes simplex encephalitis. The risk of a combined tumor may be reduced in anti‐mGluR5 encephalitis patients.
The impact of a proactive environmental strategy on environmentally sustainable practices in service firms: The moderating effect of information use value
Authors: Galbreath Jeremy , Chang Chia‐Yang , Tisch Daniel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDemonstration of environmental sustainability is increasingly seen as important to gaining legitimacy, consumer favour and competitive advantage for service firms. To explore this prospect further, we employed resource‐based theories to study the effect of a proactive environmental strategy (PES) on environmental practices. We argue that the relationship between a PES and environmental practices is positive yet contingent on the perceived importance of information. Using a sample of 2686 service firms from the third Taiwanese Technological Innovation Survey, we found that a PES was positively associated with environmental practices and that perceived external information value positively moderated the PES–environmental practices relationship while perceived internal information value had an insignificant interaction effect. Additional tests provide deeper insight into our predicted relationships. The study makes theoretical, empirical and managerial contributions.
Reply to “Where is the Macrocycle?” Correspondence on “Simultaneous Organic and Inorganic Host–guest Chemistry within Pillararene‐Protein Cage Frameworks”
Authors: Shaukat Ahmed , Anaya‐Plaza Eduardo , Kodiah Beyeh Ngong , Kostiainen Mauri A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOur recent publication in Chem. Eur. J. 2022, 28, e202104341 has inspired Prof. Peter B. Crowley (P.C.) to write a Correspondence questioning the presented concept of electrostatic self‐assembly. The offered criticism is twofold: 1) the role of the cationic pillar[5]arene macrocycle to act as molecular glue in the formation of electrostatically driven protein assemblies is questioned by arguing that the pillararene is not incorporated into the frameworks. 2) Later, P.C. speculates that when the frameworks form, the role of electrostatic interactions is not firmly established and cation‐pi bonding is the more plausible interaction. In this response, the raised comments are addressed. We present direct experimental NMR evidence showing that the pillar[5]arene is incorporated into the frameworks. Furthermore, we discuss the electrostatic self‐assembly and our ferritin‐related research line more broadly and clarify the role of key experiments.
Cs2AgBiCl6: a Novel, High‐Efficient and Stable Visible‐Light Photocatalyst for Degradation of Organic Dyes
Authors: Guo Kai , Lin Pei , Wu Di , Shi Zhifeng , Chen Xu , Han Yanbing , Tian Yongtao , Li Xinjian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the past decades, great efforts have been made to develop novel visible‐light photocatalysts to achieve high photocatalytic efficiency by utilizing visible light, the largest proportion of solar energy. As a new type of photocatalyst materials, all‐inorganic lead‐free halide double perovskites have begun to attract widespread interest. Herein, double perovskite Cs2AgBiCl6 was developed into a visible‐light photocatalyst for degrading organic dyes. Cs2AgBiCl6 was prepared by the hydrochloric acid precipitation and anti‐solvent recrystallization methods, respectively, and was used to degrade organic dyes under visible light. Samples prepared by the anti‐solvent recrystallization method are smaller than those prepared by the hydrochloric acid precipitation method, which can degrade 95.7 % of Sudan III in 10 min and show excellent photocatalytic activity. The cyclic experiments demonstrate that Cs2AgBiCl6 has a good cycle stability. Moreover, Cs2AgBiCl6‐AS also exhibits good photocatalytic degradation ability for Methyl red and Malachite green. These distinctive results indicate that Cs2AgBiCl6 may be a promising material for developing novel, high‐efficient and stable visible‐light photocatalysts.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Upscaling of 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid Synthesis and Investigation of the Reaction Mechanism
Authors: Lee Tae Woo , Lee Won Jung , Kim Young Sug , Do Taeyang , Choi Ji‐Eun , Han Young Kwang , Oh Chunrim , Lee Chi‐Wan , Yum Eul Kgun , Yang Jung Woon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn environmentally friendly oxidation system has proposed for the practical and scalable production of value‐added 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid from 1 kg of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural. The system is composed of a simple base, oxygen, and a green solvent, thereby providing a sustainable and economical approach to organic synthesis. To gain insight into the mechanism of this oxidation process, NMR spectroscopic analysis and kinetic study are used for the mechanistic investigation of this environmentally friendly oxidation process.
Comorbid obstructive sleep apnea is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in female patients with acute coronary syndrome complicating metabolic syndrome
Authors: Wang Bin , Liu Xiaogang , Hao Wen , Fan Jingyao , Que Bin , Ai Hui , Wang Xiao , Nie Shaoping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are each increasingly common in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Whether OSA increases cardiovascular consequences in ACS patients with MetS has not been investigated.HypothesisOSA increases cardiovascular risk in ACS patients with MetS. We aimed to examine the association between OSA and cardiovascular consequences in ACS patients with MetS.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, we consecutive recruited 2160 ACS patients who underwent portable sleep breathing monitoring. OSA is defined as an apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15 events/h. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), including cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, ischemia‐driven revascularization, or hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure.ResultsA total of 1927 patients with ACS were enrolled. Among them, 1486 (77.1%) had MetS and 1014 (52.6%) had OSA. During 2.9 years of follow‐up, the cumulative incidence of MACCE was similar between OSA and non‐OSA groups in patients with MetS (21.9% vs. 17.9%, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.29 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99–1.67, p = .06) and patients without MetS (24.4% vs. 17.3%, adjusted HR = 1.21 95% CI: 0.73–2.03, p = .46). Patients with MetS and OSA had a significantly higher risk of MACCE than patients with MetS and without OSA in women (27.8% vs. 18.1%, adjusted HR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.01–3.09, p = .04) but not in men (21.0% vs. 17.9%, adjusted HR = 1.19, 95% CI: 0.91–1.59, p = .21).ConclusionsIn hospitalized ACS patients with MetS, comorbid OSA was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular consequences among women.
Cyclodextrin Polymers Functionalized with Histidine and Carcinine as Chelating Therapeutics for Copper Dyshomeostasis
Authors: Bognanni Noemi , Bellia Francesco , Vecchio Graziella 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent years, cyclodextrin polymeric nanoparticles have been designed to introduce new properties and extend their medical applications. Based on the features of cyclodextrins, we derivatized cross‐linked cyclodextrin polymers with histidine or carcinine moieties. We found that amylases do not hydrolyze cyclodextrin polymers. The new polymers can form copper(II) complexes and may act as nanochelators to counteract copper(II) dyshomeostasis‐related diseases. Furthermore, the copper(II) complexes show superoxide dismutase activity, similar to free carcinine and histidine complexes. The antioxidant biological activity of the copper(II) complex formed in situ may protect cells from oxidative damage related to copper dyshomeostasis.
A novel prostate cancer subtyping classifier based on luminal and basal phenotypes
Authors: Weiner Adam B. , Liu Yang , Hakansson Alex , Zhao Xin , Proudfoot James A. , Ho Julian , Zhang JJ H. , Li Eric V. , Karnes R. Jeffrey , Den Robert B. , Kishan Amar U. , Reiter Robert E. , Hamid Anis A. , Ross Ashely E. , Tran Phuoc T. , Davicioni Elai , Spratt Daniel E. , Attard Gerhardt , Lotan Tamara L. , Lee Kiang Chua Melvin , Sweeney Christopher J. , Schaeffer Edward M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is a clinically heterogeneous disease. The creation of an expression‐based subtyping model based on prostate‐specific biological processes was sought.MethodsUnsupervised machine learning of gene expression profiles from prospectively collected primary prostate tumors (training, n = 32,000; evaluation, n = 68,547) was used to create a prostate subtyping classifier (PSC) based on basal versus luminal cell expression patterns and other gene signatures relevant to PCa biology. Subtype molecular pathways and clinical characteristics were explored in five other clinical cohorts.ResultsClustering derived four subtypes: luminal differentiated (LD), luminal proliferating (LP), basal immune (BI), and basal neuroendocrine (BN). LP and LD tumors both had higher androgen receptor activity. LP tumors also had a higher expression of cell proliferation genes, MYC activity, and characteristics of homologous recombination deficiency. BI tumors possessed significant interferon γactivity and immune infiltration on immunohistochemistry. BN tumors were characterized by lower androgen receptor activity expression, lower immune infiltration, and enrichment with neuroendocrine expression patterns. Patients with LD tumors had less aggressive tumor characteristics and the longest time to metastasis after surgery. Only patients with BI tumors derived benefit from radiotherapy after surgery in terms of time to metastasis (hazard ratio [HR], 0.09; 95% CI, 0.01–0.71; n = 855). In a phase 3 trial that randomized patients with metastatic PCa to androgen deprivation with or without docetaxel (n = 108), only patients with LP tumors derived survival benefit from docetaxel (HR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.09–0.51).ConclusionsWith the use of expression profiles from over 100,000 tumors, a PSC was developed that identified four subtypes with distinct biological and clinical features.Plain language summary

Prostate cancer can behave in an indolent or aggressive manner and vary in how it responds to certain treatments.

To differentiate prostate cancer on the basis of biological features, we developed a novel RNA signature by using data from over 100,000 prostate tumors—the largest data set of its kind.

This signature can inform patients and physicians on tumor aggressiveness and susceptibilities to treatments to help personalize cancer management.
Aortic valve calcification and myocardial fibrosis determine outcome following transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Evertz Ruben , Hub Sebastian , Beuthner Bo Eric , Backhaus Sören J. , Lange Torben , Schulz Alexander , Toischer Karl , Seidler Tim , von Haehling Stephan , Puls Miriam , Kowallick Johannes T. , Zeisberg Elisabeth M. , Hasenfuß Gerd , Schuster Andreas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsThere is evidence to suggest that the subtype of aortic stenosis (AS), the degree of myocardial fibrosis (MF), and level of aortic valve calcification (AVC) are associated with adverse cardiac outcome in AS. Because little is known about their respective contribution, we sought to investigate their relative importance and interplay as well as their association with adverse cardiac events following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).Methods and resultsOne hundred consecutive patients with severe AS and indication for TAVR were prospectively enrolled between January 2017 and October 2018. Patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography, multidetector computed tomography, and left ventricular endomyocardial biopsies at the time of TAVR. The final study cohort consisted of 92 patients with a completed study protocol, 39 (42.4%) of whom showed a normal ejection fraction (EF) high‐gradient (NEFHG) AS, 13 (14.1%) a low EF high‐gradient (LEFHG) AS, 25 (27.2%) a low EF low‐gradient (LEFLG) AS, and 15 (16.3%) a paradoxical low‐flow, low‐gradient (PLFLG) AS. The high‐gradient phenotypes (NEFHG and LEFHG) showed the largest amount of AVC (807 ± 421 and 813 ± 281 mm3, respectively) as compared with the low‐gradient phenotypes (LEFLG and PLFLG; 503 ± 326 and 555 ± 594 mm3, respectively, P < 0.05). Conversely, MF was most prevalent in low‐output phenotypes (LEFLG > LEFHG > PLFLG > NEFHG, P < 0.05). This was paralleled by a greater cardiovascular (CV) mortality within 600 days after TAVR (LEFLG 28% > PLFLG 26.7% > LEFHG 15.4% > NEFHG 2.5%; P = 0.023). In patients with a high MF burden, a higher AVC was associated with a lower mortality following TAVR (P = 0.045, hazard ratio 0.261, 95% confidence interval 0.07–0.97).ConclusionsMF is associated with adverse CV outcome following TAVR, which is most prevalent in low EF situations. In the presence of large MF burden, patients with large AVC have better outcome following TAVR. Conversely, worse outcome in large MF and relatively little AVC may be explained by a relative prominence of an underlying cardiomyopathy. The better survival rates in large AVC patients following TAVR indicate TAVR induced relief of severe AS‐associated pressure overload with subsequently improved outcome.
Optimizing outcomes in heart failure: 2022 and beyond
Authors: Jankowska Ewa A. , Andersson Tomas , Kaiser‐Albers Claudia , Bozkurt Biykem , Chioncel Ovidiu , Coats Andrew J.S. , Hill Loreena , Koehler Friedrich , Lund Lars H. , McDonagh Theresa , Metra Marco , Mittmann Clemens , Mullens Wilfried , Siebert Uwe , Solomon Scott D. , Volterrani Maurizio , McMurray John J.V. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough the development of therapies and tools for the improved management of heart failure (HF) continues apace, day‐to‐day management in clinical practice is often far from ideal. A Cardiovascular Round Table workshop was convened by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) to identify barriers to the optimal implementation of therapies and guidelines and to consider mitigation strategies to improve patient outcomes in the future. Key challenges identified included the complexity of HF itself and its treatment, financial constraints and the perception of HF treatments as costly, failure to meet the needs of patients, suboptimal outpatient management, and the fragmented nature of healthcare systems. It was discussed that ongoing initiatives may help to address some of these barriers, such as changes incorporated into the 2021 ESC HF guideline, ESC Heart Failure Association quality indicators, quality improvement registries (e.g. EuroHeart), new ESC guidelines for patients, and the universal definition of HF. Additional priority action points discussed to promote further improvements included revised definitions of HF ‘phenotypes’ based on trial data, the development of implementation strategies, improved affordability, greater regulator/payer involvement, increased patient education, further development of patient‐reported outcomes, better incorporation of guidelines into primary care systems, and targeted education for primary care practitioners. Finally, it was concluded that overarching changes are needed to improve current HF care models, such as the development of a standardized pathway, with a common adaptable digital backbone, decision‐making support, and data integration, to ensure that the model ‘learns’ as the management of HF continues to evolve.
Intraperitoneal transfer of wild‐type bone marrow repopulates tissue macrophages in the Csf1r knockout rat without contributing to monocytopoiesis
Authors: Sehgal Anuj , Carter‐Cusack Dylan , Keshvari Sahar , Patkar Omkar , Huang Stephen , Summers Kim M. , Hume David A. , Irvine Katharine M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHomozygous null mutation of the Csf1r gene (Csf1rko) in rats leads to the loss of most tissue macrophage populations and pleiotropic impacts on postnatal growth and organ maturation, leading to early mortality. The phenotype can be reversed by intraperitoneal transfer of WT BM cells (BMT) at weaning. Here, we used a Csf1r‐mApple transgenic reporter to track the fate of donor‐derived cells. Following BMT into Csf1rko recipients, mApple+ve cells restored IBA1+ tissue macrophage populations in every tissue. However, monocytes, neutrophils, and B cells in the BM, blood, and lymphoid tissues remained of recipient (mApple−ve) origin. An mApple+ve cell population expanded in the peritoneal cavity and invaded locally in the mesentery, fat pads, omentum, and diaphragm. One week after BMT, distal organs contained foci of mApple+ve, IBA1−ve immature progenitors that appeared to proliferate, migrate, and differentiate locally. We conclude that rat BM contains progenitor cells that are able to restore, replace, and maintain all tissue macrophage populations in a Csf1rko rat directly without contributing to the BM progenitor or blood monocyte populations.
Carbohydrate metabolism enzymes and phenotypic characterization of diverse lines of the climate‐resilient food, feed, and bioenergy crop Camelina sativa
Authors: Stasnik Peter , Vollmann Johann , Großkinsky Dominik K. , Jonak Claudia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractClimate change poses tremendous pressure on agriculture. Camelina sativa is an ancient, low‐input, high‐quality oilseed crop for food, feed and industrial applications that has retained its natural stress tolerance. Its climate resilience, adaptability to different growth conditions, and the qualities of its seed oil and cake have spurred the interest in camelina. However, due to a period of neglect it has not yet undergone intensive breeding and knowledge about this multi‐purpose crop is still limited. Metabolism is strongly associated with plant growth and development and little information is available on camelina primary carbohydrate metabolism. Here, eight camelina lines from different geographic and climatic regions were characterized for important growth parameters and agricultural traits. Furthermore, the activities of key enzymes of the carbohydrate metabolism were analysed in leaves, seedpods, capsules, and developing seeds. The lines differed in shoot and leaf morphology, plant height, biomass formation as well as in seed yield and seed oil and protein content. Key carbohydrate metabolism enzymes showed specific activity signatures in leaves and reproductive organs during seed development, and different lines exhibited distinct enzyme activity patterns, providing a valuable basis for developing new physiological markers for camelina breeding programs.
On bootstrapping tests of equal forecast accuracy for nested models
Authors: Doko Tchatoka Firmin , Haque Qazi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe asymptotic distributions of the recursive out‐of‐sample forecast accuracy test statistics depend on stochastic integrals of Brownian motion when the models under comparison are nested. This often complicates their implementation in practice because the computation of their asymptotic critical values is burdensome. Hansen and Timmermann (2015, Econometrica) propose a Wald approximation of the commonly used recursive
‐statistic and provide a simple characterization of the exact density of its asymptotic distribution. However, this characterization holds only when the larger model has one extra predictor or the forecast errors are homoscedastic. No such closed‐form characterization is readily available when the nesting involves more than one predictor and heteroscedasticity or serial correlation is present. We first show through Monte Carlo experiments that both the recursive
‐test and its Wald approximation have poor finite‐sample properties, especially when the forecast horizon is greater than one and forecast errors exhibit serial correlation. We then propose a hybrid bootstrap method consisting of a moving block bootstrap and a residual‐based bootstrap for both statistics and establish its validity. Simulations show that the hybrid bootstrap has good finite‐sample performance, even in multi‐step ahead forecasts with more than one predictor, and with heteroscedastic or autocorrelated forecast errors. The bootstrap method is illustrated on forecasting core inflation and GDP growth.
Hardness, strength and abrasivity of rocks: Correlations and predictions
Authors: Kaspar Markus , Latal Christine , Pittino Gerhard , Blümel Manfred 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSince ancient times, rocks and their geomechanical and mineralogical properties have played a fundamental role for realising construction and infrastructure projects. Workability and excavability of the material itself are still decisive factors controlling tool wear and advancement rates. In engineering geology, standardised tests and analyses related to the strength, hardness, abrasivity and mineralogical composition are commonly conducted in this context. The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), CERCHAR Abrasivity Index (CAI) and equivalent quartz content are widely used parameters for such an assessment, in order to estimate and predict drillability and associated wear of drill bits, cutting discs or chisels. In this article, the correlations between strength, abrasivity and mineral content of various rock types are investigated. The concept of hardness in geotechnics and engineering geology is elaborated in greater detail, shedding light on hardness definitions, testing methods and how hardness parameters are interrelated. Under the aspect that the CAI shows a good correlation with the Mohs hardness commonly used in mineralogy, a novel approach for estimating the CAI is presented. It is suggested that the CAI of a rock can be estimated within 50 % of the actual value, if its UCS exceeds »60 MPa. On the data basis of various rock types analysed from national and international construction projects, the potential and limitations of this method are discussed.