bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chest CT in COVID‐19 patients: A clinical need
Authors: Cao Brooke , Iredell Jonathan , Middleton Peter , Young Noel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID‐19 pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 has resulted in a global healthcare crisis. The provision of computed tomography (CT) imaging services by radiology departments for COVID‐19 patients poses multiple challenges. Consequently, it is important to explore the clinical need and indications for thoracic CT and whether they subsequently alter patient management.MethodsWe report our experience in this single‐centre retrospective cohort study of all confirmed COVID‐19 cases admitted during the peak of the ‘Delta’ variant wave in Australia, and who underwent a chest CT. Clinical indication and patient management plan pre‐ and post‐CT were ascertained.ResultsA total of 92 out of 1403 patients who were admitted with COVID‐19 underwent a thoracic CT (73 CT pulmonary angiogram (CTPA), 14 CT Chest and five high‐resolution CT (HRCT) studies). 72.8% of studies were to evaluate for pulmonary emboli, 16.2% for assessment of COVID‐19 pneumonia complications, 5.4% for tuberculosis and 6.5% for other indications. 21 (23%) of these studies resulted in a change in management with two patients having a major change in management (thrombolysis, CT‐guided aspiration). Management was altered due to diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE), pneumonia, cryptogenic organising pneumonia and other reasons. Of 73 CTPA studies, 11 (15%) patients had evidence of PE.ConclusionIn our centre, thoracic CT in COVID‐19 patients were predominantly for the evaluation of PE with other indications being for COVID‐19 complications and other cardiopulmonary pathologies. 23% of studies subsequently altered patient management, suggesting there is good clinical need for CT chests for these indications.
Predictors of severity in severe respiratory infection in children with COVID‐19 respiratory infection in a developing country
Authors: Beltran Daniel Mauricio , Villamil Osorio Milena , Fonseca Sara Liliana Goyeneche , Restrepo‐Gualteros Sonia M. , Garcia María José Rosero , Rodriguez‐Martinez Carlos E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOn March 11, 2020, the WHO declared the COVID‐19 pandemic. This name was given to the disease caused by the SARS‐CoV 2 virus at its outbreak in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei, China. In Colombia, a significant number of cases have been confirmed. The aim of this study was to evaluate children with respiratory symptoms caused by SARS‐CoV2 infection, identifying independent predictors of risk of having a severe illness, thus leading to an early approach and intervention in our patients, especially in children with comorbidities. An analytical cross‐sectional study was conducted between April 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021 at a fourth‐level referral institution in Bogotá on patients under 18 years of age with respiratory symptoms and a COVID‐19 diagnosis confirmed in the laboratory. An explanatory binary logistic regression model was performed with an outcome variable of admission to the intensive care unit. A total of 385 children were included in the study, with ages between 9 months and 17 years of age; 50.1% were male, and the ICR was 9.75 years. 41.6% had some comorbidity, 13.5% were admitted to the pediatric ICU, and 3.6% of the total number of patients died. The predictor variables were: use of antibiotics in the first 24 h, neurological comorbidity, and consolidation shown in the chest X‐ray. This explains 38.7% of the variability of the variable. In this cohort of patients with COVID‐19‐associated respiratory symptoms, we identified predictors of severity, so we consider that these patients require a risk approach that allows timely and adequate care.
Managing organizational change in responding to global crises
Authors: Islam M. Nazmul 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo cope with global crises, organizations go through various internal changes and adopt different survival strategies. Several researchers and practitioners have highlighted that employees are the key factors in implementing such changes. However, organizations often face difficulties in managing manpower effectively due to the complexities and ambiguities related to the said changes. To address this challenge, the present study proposes a comprehensive model to manage organizational change to effectively respond to global crises. This study highlights that “employee change‐championing behavior” (ECB) – also known as effective change‐supportive behavior of employees – is the key to successfully implementing the necessary organizational changes to tackle global crises. Utilizing the 3‐Stage Lewin's Model of Change as the foundation for analysis, this study proposes for “transformational leadership style” to substitute the “unfreezing stage,” “trust in leadership and work engagement” to substitute the “moving stage,” and “employee change championing behavior” to substitute the “refreezing stage.” Additionally, this study found that transformational leadership (TL) influences employee change‐championing behavior, while employee trust in leadership (ETL) influences employee work engagement (EWE). Moreover, trust in leadership and work engagement individually and sequentially mediate the relationship between TL and employee change‐championing behavior. This study offers a unique perspective for business leaders on how to manage organizational changes during global crises.
High‐pressure‐induced multiple phase transitions of parabanic acid
Authors: Duan Ruijie , Li Xiaoming , Dai Yuxiang , Liu Yongli , Qi Yang , Liu Wengang , He Ben‐Guo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn situ high‐pressure Raman spectroscopy experiments have been performed to investigate the structural changes of parabanic acid (PA) up to ~12.0 GPa. The analysis of Raman spectroscopy reveals that PA undergoes two phase transitions. The collapse of spacing between molecular layers and the distortion of hydrogen‐bonding networks almost in ac‐plane are the main causes of the first phase transition above 2.1 GPa. The changes of Fermi resonance parameters also provide evidence for the first phase transitions. The second phase transition around 4.0 GPa can attribute to the further reduction of the molecular interlayer spacing and the resulting distortion of hydrogen‐bonding network. First‐principle calculations and Hirshfeld surfaces further confirm the analysis of the experimental results. The analysis of high‐pressure phase transition contributes a better explanation for the high‐pressure phase transition process of layered supramolecular materials with hydrogen‐bond self‐assembly. This study provides the possibility of two new polymorphs for PA under high pressure and is helpful for broadening its potential application of this material, especially in the field of supramolecular chemistry.
Involvement of ERCC1 (rs3212986) and ERCC2 (rs1799793, rs13181) polymorphisms of DNA repair genes in breast cancer occurrence in Burkina Faso
Authors: Adico Marc Donald Wilfried , Zouré Abdou Azaque , Sombié Herman Karim , Kiendrebeogo Touwendpoulimdé Isabelle , Dabré Soayebo , Amegnona Lanyo Jospin , Bakyono Bélélé Siméon , Traoré Lassina , Ouedraogo Teega‐Wendé Clarisse , Ouedraogo Rogomenoma Alice , Zohoncon Théodora M. , Yonli Albert Théophane , Bayala Bagora , Bambara Hierrhum Aboubacar , Djigma Florencia W. , Simpore Jacques 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundGenetic alterations can result in DNA repair defects, increasing susceptibility to breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of two DNA repair genes, ERCC1 (rs3212986, GenBank NC_000073.9) and ERCC2 (rs1799793, rs13181, GenBank: NC_000019.10) in the occurrence of breast cancer in Burkina Faso.MethodsThis case–control study enrolled 128 participants including 64 patients and 64 healthy controls. Genotyping of polymorphisms were performed by real‐time PCR and PCR‐RFLP.ResultsThe heterozygous AC genotype of the ERCC2rs13181 polymorphism was associated with the occurrence of breast cancer when the mutant allele is inherited under the dominant pattern (CC/AC vs AA; OR = 2.74, 95% IC (1.09–6.87); p = .028), but this association became insignificant after the Bonferroni correction (p = .156). No association was observed between ERCC1rs3212986 and ERCC2rs1799793 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk.ConclusionThis study showed that the heterozygous genotype (CA) of the ERCC2rs13181 polymorphism may be associated with a risk of breast cancer.
Tritium NMR: A compilation of data and a practical guide
Authors: Krivdin Leonid B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe present review is focused on experimental methods and structural applications of tritium NMR. It consists of five parts covering accordingly, introduction, brief overview, early (based on the papers appearing before 2000), more recent (based on the papers appeared in the interim of 2000 to 2015), and recent (based on the papers that appeared after 2015) reports. A special interest in this review is focused on practical aspects of tritium NMR spectroscopy, which is thoroughly illustrated by its numerous applications in chemistry and biochemistry.
Retrogressive failure pattern and retrogression distance in sensitive clays induced by river erosion
Authors: Zhang Longfei , Wang Yang , Liu Jizhixian , Liao Kang , Zhang Chenyang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe failure patterns and retrogression distances in sensitive clays induced by river erosion are two significant factors of concern in landslide risk assessment. For the former, empirical criteria, based on past events and numerical results, can hardly produce a unified guideline and explain their complex mechanism. For the latter, the capacity of the river cross section is rarely considered in existing studies, even though the failed soil would deposit on the riverbed and further affect upslope failure extension. The present study proposes an analytical method to quantitatively assess the failure patterns and retrogression distance by combining the shear band propagation method (SBP) with limit analysis on active block failure. A closed‐form active earth pressure (CAEP) and the shape function of the failure surface are proposed with the variational calculus method (VCM), providing a tool to understand the transformation mechanism of the failure patterns. The criteria for initiation failure positions and stages are formulated following the competition results between the induced minimum slope‐parallel force by foot unloading and the proposed CAEP. Further, the terminal retrogression distance is given considering two possible river cross sections. The proposed CAEP solution is validated against Buss's solution and further applied to a parametric study on the failure patterns. Finally, three practical cases are analyzed with the proposed method, and the predictions are shown to agree well with the field observations.
Umbilical cord mesenchymal‐stem‐cell‐derived nanovesicles as a novel strategy to promote wound healing in diabetes
Authors: Ma Ying‐Yu , Zhao Xin , Chen Jin‐Yang , Chen Xiao‐Yi , Fan Wei‐Jiao , Sun Yi , Lin Zhi‐Wei , Fu Luo‐Qin , Zou Hai , Mou Xiao‐Zhou 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveRecent studies found that exosomes (Exo) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) (MSC‐Exo) accelerated diabetic wound healing. However, the low yield during exosome extraction is still a major barrier to their clinical utility.MethodsWe constructed a method to produce umbilical cord MSC‐derived nanovesicles (UCMSC‐NV) by serial extrusion through filters and investigated the effects of UCMSC‐NV on wound healing in vivo and in vitro, as well as the potential mechanisms.ResultsWe found that the characteristics of UCMSC‐NV were similar to those of exsome (UCMSC‐Exo) but with much higher production yields. Further analysis showed that UCMSC‐NV promoted the migration of fibroblasts and angiogenesis in vitro, and both UCMSC‐NV and UCMSC‐Exo showed similar therapeutic capacities for wound healing in vivo. Sequencing analysis revealed that UCMSC‐NV and UCMSC‐Exo had similar miRNA compositions, and the target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs in UCMSC‐NV were enriched in pathways of inflammation and damage‐repair‐related functions. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that UCMSC‐NV encapsulated functional proteins that may achieve therapeutic effect equally as good as UCMSC‐Exo.ConclusionsUCMSC‐NV are more efficacious and can be obtained at a higher yield than UCMSC‐Exo and are a promising therapeutic strategy to improve wound healing in diabetes patients.
Preparation and properties of the aramid pulp/nitrile butadiene rubber composites with compatibilization of ionic liquids
Authors: Zhang Rui , Yuan Xinna , Sun Ruijun , Zhang Baihui , Geng Ziran , Li Zhuo , Liu Guizhi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo improve the uniformity and the mechanical/wear performances of the aramid pulp (AP)/nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites, two types of ionic liquids (ILs), that is, 1‐carboxymethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ([CmMIM]Cl) and 1‐allyl‐3‐vinylimidazolium chloride ([AVIM]Cl) were applied on the AP surface, respectively. The ILs partially disrupted the hydrogen‐bonds between the aramid chains to mitigate the fiber entanglement, and connected the AP to the rubber matrix by hydrogen‐bond interaction or the crosslinking reaction during the vulcanization. The test results showed that, the IL treatments effectively improved the tensile and tear strengths without obviously affecting the physical characteristics of the composites. The wear properties of the AP/NBR composites also improved due to the enhancements of the tear strength and the connection between the AP and NBR matrix. Compared to the [CmMIM]Cl, the [AVIM]Cl was more efficient to improve the properties attributed to its better compatibilization for the AP/NBR system. For example, the specific wear rate under 20‐N load of the composite with 15‐phr [AVIM]Cl‐AP was 1.1 × 10−7 mm3 N−1 mm−1, which was approximately 25% and 35% lower than that of the composites reinforced with 15‐phr [CmMIM]Cl‐AP and untreated AP, respectively.
Genotype × environment interaction of lowland bread wheat varieties for irrigation in different areas of Oromia
Authors: Bayissa Tilahun , Mengistu Girma , Gerema Geleta , Balcha Urgaya , Feyisa Hailu , Kedir Aliyi , Legese Zeleke , Asegid Desu , Leta Tesfaye , Jobe Tafa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEthiopia is the leading wheat producer in Sub‐Saharan Africa, and the productivity has increased in the last few years. There is also a potential for irrigated wheat production in the lowlands, even though its cultivation is at infant stage. The experiment was conducted in the Oromia region at nine locations in 2021 with irrigation. The study aimed to select high yielding and stable bread wheat variety/ies for lowland areas. Twelve released bread wheat varieties were tested using randomized complete block design with two replications. Environment had the largest effect, 76.5% of total variability, while genotypes 5.0% and GE interaction 18.5% explained total sum of squares. The average grain yield of varieties across locations ranged from the lowest 1.40 t ha−1 at Girja to the highest 6.55 t ha−1 at Daro Labu, with a grand mean of 3.14 t ha−1. The result showed that varieties released for irrigated areas, Fentale 1, Ardi, and Fentale 2, were ranked the top three based on overall environment mean grain yield. The first and second principal component account 45.5% and 24.7% of the genotype by environment interaction (G × E), respectively, explained 70.2% of the total variation. Daro Lebu and Bedeno were the most productive environment, while Girja was the least productive of irrigated bread wheat for lowlands of the Oromia region. Genotype Selection Index (GSI) showed that varieties Fentale 2, Fentale 1, Pavon 76, and ETBW9578 are stable and high yielding. Based on AMMI and GGE biplot analysis, Girja indicated the most discriminating area and Sewena as representative environment for selecting wide adaptable irrigated lowland varieties. The results of the present study indicated that Fentale 2 and Fentale 1 showed better yield stability across all test environments, therefore, these bread wheat varieties are recommended for wide cultivation in irrigated areas of the Oromia region.
Safety of biologics in severe asthmatic patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A prospective study
Authors: Manti Sara , Giallongo Alessandro , Pecora Giulia , Parisi Giuseppe F. , Papale Maria , Mulè Enza , Aloisio Donatella , Rotolo Novella , Leonardi Salvatore 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAsthma guidelines have recommended continuing treatment with biologics during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. However, a continuation of treatment with biologics in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has been little investigated.ObjectiveTo assess the safety of biologics in patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.MethodsA pilot, monocentric, prospective study. Patients aged 6 years old and older with severe asthma on treatment with biologics and confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were enrolled. Patients were followed‐up with periodic calls at different time points up to 3 months to detect any adverse effect and its relationship with biologic treatment according to the Naranjo Adverse Probability Scale (NAPS). The severity of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and clinical outcome were also assessed.ResultsOverall, we included 21 patients (10 on therapy with omalizumab, 9 with dupilumab, and 2 with mepolizumab). Only a patient‐reported two local adverse events. No other adverse event was reported. Twenty out of 21 patients had a mild COVID‐19 course, and no adverse outcome was observed.ConclusionWe showed that the scheduled dose of the biologic therapy can be administered safely on time in patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, as the treatment did not result in adverse events or outcomes.
Comprehensive profiling of chemical composition of Gleditsiae spina using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Bai Jiqing , Jing Xiucun , Yang Yuangui , Wang Xiaoping , Feng Yulin , Ge Fei , Li Junmao , Yao Min 
Published: January 2023

RationaleGleditsiae spina (GS) is an important herb used in traditional and folk medicinal systems of East Asian countries for its various medicinal properties. In China, it has been traditionally used through the centuries for its anticancer, detoxication, detumescence, apocenosis, and antiparasitic effects. Although some of its ingredients have been isolated and identified, most active constituents remain unknown. Past research mostly exploited nuclear magnetic resonance for the identification of compounds, which is suitable for monomers only. Moreover, the extraction and isolation procedures for obtaining purified molecules are time consuming. Therefore, establishing an efficient approach will assist in rapid discovery of the potential active ingredients of GS. The present study aimed to identify the chemical constituents in GS by a data analysis strategy using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry.MethodsFirst, the theoretical formula of the candidate compound was calculated using the accurate mass of the precursor/adduct ions. Second, the compounds were classified by the diagnostic ions from the MS/MS data. Third, characteristic ion filtering was used to identify the structures. Finally, the diverse skeletons and substitutions were further identified through the neutral loss in the GS.ResultsA total of 277 compounds were identified in GS, comprising 169 flavonoids, 70 lignans, and 38 other compounds. At least 43 potential new compounds were represented.ConclusionsThis experiment devised an efficient and systematic method for detecting complex compounds and provided a foundation for future research into bioactive ingredients and quality control of GS.
Removal of Reactive Blue 19 dye from synthetic wastewater using UV/H2O2 and UV/Cl advanced oxidation processes
Authors: Asadollahfardi Gholamreza , Hessami Aida , Gholizade Alireza , Rezaei Reza 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe textile and dyeing industries are among the largest water‐consuming and polluting industries in the world. The most important feature of the textile dyeing industry wastewater is its color, due to the use of colored materials. Most of these dye compounds are resistant to conventional purification methods and their biodegradation is very low through secondary purification processes, resulting in incomplete removal. Therefore, selecting the optimal method to remove these color compounds is essential. In this study, we studied the removal of an organic dye contaminant (Reactive Blue dye 19 [RB19]) using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). For this purpose, ultraviolet (UV) mercury lamps with a wavelength of 254 nm and a voltage of W16 inside a reactor were used as an energy source. The experiments were performed in a collimated beam reactor inside a dark chamber. Two oxidizers, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), were used to remove RB19 from the artificial sewage stream. Removal of RB19 with a concentration of 20 mg/L with variable pH (5, 7, and 9), oxidant concentrations (5, 10, and 20 mg/L), and time (5, 10, 15, and 30 min) were investigated during the processes of photolysis, chemical oxidation (by H2O2 and NaOCl), and UV/NaOCl and UV/H2O2 AOPs. The photolysis process did not remove the RB19. The highest removal efficiencies of RB19 by chemical oxidation processes with NaOCl and H2O2, UV/NaOCl, and UV/H2O2 at optimal conditions (pH = 5, [oxidant] = 20 mg/L, RB19 = 20 mg/L, and radiation intensity of 1005 mJ/cm2) were 64.49%, 0.88%, 99.7%, and 13.31%, respectively. These results indicate that the hydroxyl radical was produced, under optimum conditions, more in the acidic medium; thus, the RB19 removal efficiency was higher in the acidic medium. The combination of UV rays with oxidants resulted in the production of more hydroxyl radicals and increased removal efficiency.
ℋ∞ filtering for discrete‐time hidden singular Markov jump systems subject to partially known probability information under DoS attacks
Authors: Wang Guanqi , Shen Hao , Li Feng , Wang Jing 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThis paper concentrates on the problem of asynchronous filtering for singular Markov jump systems under DoS attacks, in which the unknown probability information cases are considered. To better describe cyber security problem, DoS attacks are considered as encountered randomly and modeled by a set of stochastic variables obeying Bernoulli distribution. Besides, hidden Markov model with partially known probability information is proposed to handle the cases that the Markov state information of the system is restrictedly accessed, and the transition probability information and observation probability information can not be directly obtained. A set of criteria are derived to analyze the regularity, causality, and stochastic stability for the filtering error system with an performance index. Furthermore, an asynchronous filter design method is proposed to against DoS attacks. Finally, a numerical example and a practical example modeled by a DC motor are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.