bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control Parameter Analysis for an SRM Inverter for Range Extender Units with Integrated DC–DC Converter
Authors: Götz Georg Tobias , Kolbe Jan , von Hoegen Anne , De Doncker Rik W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn modern electrical traction drives, a variable dc-link voltage can be applied to increase efficiency in partial load. A dc-dc converter can supply a variable dc-link voltage and transfer energy between the battery and the dc-link. Hybrid cars combine the advantages of long driving ranges with the partial zero-emission operation. In series-hybrid drive trains, a switched reluctance machine can be used as a generator for the range extender unit. This paper presents at first the mechanism of energy transfer between the battery and the dc-link. Further, a control parameter analysis of an inverter topology for a switched reluctance machine, which combines the dc-dc converter for the power transfer between the battery and the dc-link with the inverter for the generator, is investigated. For this analysis, the control parameters turn-on, freewheeling and turn-off angle are varied to test the controllability of the energy transfer between these two components. The simulation results of the presented analysis are finally validated with measurements on the test bench.
Childhood Centeredness is a Broader Predictor of Young Adulthood Mental Health than Childhood Adversity, Attachment, and Other Positive Childhood Experiences
Authors: Narayan Angela J. , Frederick Donald E. , Merrick Jillian S. , Sayyah Madison D. , Larson Matthew D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study introduced the novel concept of Centeredness, a measure of the emotional atmosphere of the family of origin and a target adult individual’s perception of feeling safe, accepted, and supported from childhood primary caregivers and other family members. This study developed a Centeredness scale for adult respondents and tested hypotheses that higher levels of overall Centeredness would predict lower levels of depression and anxiety symptoms; suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs); and aggressive behavior; and higher levels of life satisfaction. Predictive effects of Centeredness were compared against attachment-related anxiety and avoidance, and adverse and benevolent childhood experiences (ACEs and BCEs). Participants were recruited via the Prolific-Academic (Pro-A) survey panel into two large independent samples of US young adults aged 19–35 years [Sample 1 (test sample), N = 548, 53.5% female, 2.2% gender non-conforming, 68.3% White, recruited before the pandemic; Sample 2 (replication sample), N = 1,198, 56.2% female, 2.3% gender non-conforming, 66.4% White; recruited during the pandemic]. Participants completed the novel Centeredness scale, which showed strong psychometric properties, and standardized, publicly available assessments of childhood experiences and mental health outcomes. Centeredness was the only variable that significantly predicted each mental health outcome across both samples. BCEs predicted all outcomes except aggressive behavior in the test sample. Centeredness and BCEs were also the only two variables that significantly predicted a dimensional mental health composite in both samples. Neither attachment-related anxiety and avoidance nor ACEs were as broadly predictive. The Centeredness scale assesses emotional aspects of childhood family relationships with individuals of diverse backgrounds and family compositions. Clinical and cultural implications are discussed.
Fatigue damage development in 10CrMo9-10 steel for power plant pipes in as-received state and after 280,000 h of exploitation
Authors: Kopec Mateusz , Brodecki Adam , Kowalewski Zbigniew L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper discusses an effect of 280,000 h of exploitation under internal pressure of 2.9 MPa and high temperature of 540 °C on the mechanical properties of 10CrMo9-10 (10H2M) power engineering steel. The mechanical response of the specimens obtained from two pipes: a new in the as-received state and exploited for a long period was assessed through the uniaxial tensile tests and subsequent fatigue tests. The long-term, high-temperature exposure of 10H2M steel resulted in the deterioration of its mechanical properties and was quantitatively described as a function of the fatigue damage measure, φ, and the fatigue damage parameter D. Finally, the proposed methodology of power exponent approximation with both damage sensitive parameters (φ, D) enabled for successful determination of the 10H2M steel fatigue life.
Do Degrees Matter? Rethinking Workforce Development for Youth with Intellectual Disabilities and Mental Health Challenges
Authors: Reay Susan , Reay William , Tevis Kris , Patterson Lisa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe global workforce crisis significantly impacts how evidence-based treatment is provided to youth with developmental disabilities and co-occurring mental health conditions. Addressing the workforce crisis requires re-examining the long-standing methods of selecting individuals for employment based on academic degrees. This project offers an innovative workforce development option that provides specialized training to staff with advanced education degrees and staff with less education. The participants in this study were employed in a rural area of the USA within the mental health, child welfare, and correctional industries. All participants worked with youth experiencing intellectual disabilities and mental illness. Results indicated that participants improved their knowledge of the population, demonstrated a better understanding of EBPs, and were willing to employ evidence-based approaches regardless of their education or age. Although overall attitudes toward EBPs decreased, diverging attitudes increased, suggesting a need to accommodate treatment strategies when EBP models are unavailable for special populations. Initial knowledge gaps demonstrated by those with a master's degree and those with less education disappeared after the training. This finding supports the application of innovative task-shifting options in mental health, such as diverting more sophisticated care tasks to nonprofessionally trained persons, which can reduce workforce pressure and unmet demand for care. This study demonstrates cost-effective and time-efficient methods of training staff regardless of education by relying less on specific EBP models and more on adaptation.
Finnish university physics teachers’ experiences of transferring to online teaching due to COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Leinonen Risto , Kesonen Mikko H. P. , Asikainen Mervi A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic arguably caused the most rapid and extensive educational reform ever witnessed. This article addresses the challenges, possibilities, and consequences that the pandemic has set for Finnish physics university teachers. The data were gathered with a literature-based online survey consisting of Likert scale claims and open-ended questions related to the following themes: the use of technology, interaction, learning and evaluation, experimental working, and the future. In 2021, the survey was distributed to all Finnish universities where physics is taught, and 52 responses were received. The results show the biggest challenges were related to the different aspects of interaction, experimental working, and adjusting evaluation. The opportunities were less recognized but the versatility and flexibility of instruction and the use of technology in the evaluation became apparent in the teachers’ responses. The consequences of pandemic time for physics teaching and learning were seen rather negatively, even if a majority of teachers intended to change their old teaching practices in the future. The results indicate that university teachers need more discipline-based pedagogical support for enhancing learning, interaction, and well-being as the physics instruction likely gets more versatile after the pandemic.
An Adaptive Lion Swarm Optimization Algorithm Incorporating Tent Chaotic Search and Information Entropy
Authors: Liu Miaomiao , Zhang Yuying , Guo Jingfeng , Chen Jing , Liu Zhigang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes an improved adaptive lion swarm optimization (LSO) algorithm integrating the chaotic search strategy and information entropy to address the problem that the standard LSO algorithm has slow convergence and easily falls into the local optimum in later iterations. At first, an adaptive factor is introduced to improve tent chaotic mapping and used for population position initialization to enhance population diversity and realize uniform traversal while ensuring random distribution, ultimately improving the global search ability. Second, to address the problem that the cub selection strategy is blind, resulting in insufficient traversal in the early stage, a dynamic step-size perturbation factor is established using the second-order norm and information entropy. Adaptive parameters are used to dynamically adjust the selection probability of different cub behaviors based on the number of iterations to suppress the premature convergence of the algorithm. Finally, tent chaotic search is employed to adaptively adjust the search range and improve the individuals with poor fitness through multiple neighborhood points of the local optimal solution, further improving the algorithm’s search speed and accuracy. Experimental results on 18 benchmark functions revealed that the proposed algorithm yields superior performance in terms of convergence speed, optimization accuracy, and ability to jump out of the local optimal solution compared with the standard LSO, gray wolf optimizer, and particle swarm optimization algorithms. Furthermore, the improved LSO algorithm was used to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of the BP neural network, and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was further verified by studying the house price prediction problem using two real-world datasets.
InterspeciesForms the hybridization of architectural, biological and robotic agencies
Authors: Alima Natalie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSituated in the field of architectural biodesign, InterspeciesForms explores a closer relationship between the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus and the designer in the creation of form. The intention of hybridizing mycelia’s agency of growth with architectural design aesthetic, is to generate novel, non- indexical crossbred designed outcomes. The purpose of this research to advance architecture's existing relationship with the biological and evolve preconceived notions of form. In order to establish a direct dialogue between architectural and mycelia agencies, robotic feedback systems are implemented to extract data from the physical realm and feed it into the digital. Initiating this cyclic feedback system, mycelia growth is scanned in order to computationally visualize its entangled network and agency of growth. Utilizing mycelia’s physical data as impute, the architect then embeds design intention into this process through customized algorithms based on the logic of stigmergy. In order to bring this cross-bred computational outcome back into the physical realm, form is 3D printed with a customized mixture of mycelium and agricultural waste. Once the geometry has been extruded, the robot patiently waits for the mycelia to grow and react to the organic 3D- printed compound. The architect then responds with a countermove, by scanning this new growth and continuing the cyclic feedback system between nature-machine and the architect. This procedure demonstrates form emerging in real time according to the co-creational design process and dynamic dialogue between architectural and mycelia agencies.
1.2 kW all-fiber narrow-linewidth picosecond MOPA system
Authors: Zuo Jiexi , Yu Haijuan , Zou Shuzhen , Dong Zhiyong , He Chaojian , Xu Shuang , Ning Chaoyu , Chen Xuechun , Li Xinyao , Lin Xuechun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAchieving an all-fiber ultra-fast system with above kW average power and mJ pulse energy is extremely challenging. This paper demonstrated a picosecond monolithic master oscillator power amplifier system at a 25 MHz repetition frequency with an average power of approximately 1.2 kW, a pulse energy of approximately 48 μJ and a peak power of approximately 0.45 MW. The nonlinear effects were suppressed by adopting a dispersion stretched seed pulse (with a narrow linewidth of 0.052 nm) and a multi-mode master amplifier with an extra-large mode area; then an ultimate narrow bandwidth of 1.32 nm and a moderately broadened pulse of approximately 107 ps were achieved. Meanwhile, the great spatio-temporal stability was verified experimentally, and no sign of transverse mode instability appeared even at the maximum output power. The system has shown great power and energy capability with a sacrificed beam propagation product of 5.28 mm$\cdot$mrad. In addition, further scaling of the peak power and pulse energy can be achieved by employing a lower repetition and a conventional compressor.
A WIGGLE-MATCHED 297-YR TREE-RING OXYGEN ISOTOPE RECORD FROM THAILAND: INVESTIGATING THE 14C OFFSET INDUCED BY AIR MASS TRANSPORT FROM THE INDIAN OCEAN
Authors: Sano Masaki , Pumijumnong Nathsuda , Fujita Koji , Hakozaki Masataka , Miyake Fusa , Nakatsuka Takeshi 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTRegional offsets from Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon (14C) calibration curves are widely recognized for monsoon Asia and often hinder accurate 14C dating. In this paper, we explore the possible linkage between summer monsoon intensity and 14C offsets using tree-ring δ18O and 14C data from Thailand. We developed a 297-yr floating tree-ring δ18O chronology comprising seven teak log-coffin samples from the Ban Rai rock shelter site, northwestern Thailand. The outermost ring of our chronology was estimated to date from 358–383 CE, within a 95.4% (2σ) probability range, based on a total of 10 14C measurements that were wiggle-matched against a mixed calibration curve evenly weighted from the IntCal20 and SHCal20 curves. Backward trajectory analysis showed that an intensified (weakened) summer monsoon detected in a modern tree-ring δ18O chronology was most likely to be induced by increased (decreased) air mass transport from the tropical Indian Ocean, which is an area of intense upwelling where the 14C concentration is lower than the atmospheric 14C level. However, partly because of the limited sample size and dating uncertainty, the direct linkage between the tree-ring δ18O series and 14C records obtained from our teak log-coffin samples could not be statistically verified.
Testing distribution equipment for agricultural aviation
Authors: Watts W. S. 
Published: March 2023

‘Testing distribution equipment’ is a simple enough tide, deceptively so, and the superficial simplicity of our subject has in my view been misleading and somewhat detrimental to agricultural aviation development. With this remark made, I will now try to justify it and explain why I think that testing is in fact reasonably complex, even though, because the physical mechanisms are usually straightforward, the subject appears to be more simple than it really is.Firstly, I would like to take a moment to consider the meaning of the two words ‘distribution’ and ‘testing’.
The effect of aerofoil characteristics on windmill performance
Authors: Griffiths R. T. 
Published: March 2023

The present energy situation has caused engineers to look more closely at methods of energy recovery which have previously received only limited attention due to the availability of cheap and plentiful fossil fuels. One of these methods is the use of an airscrew, or windmill, to convert wind energy into mechanical energy. There are a number of disadvantages in the utilisation of wind energy: the power available is relatively low for the size of plant involved and the supply is intermittent, but on the other hand the energy is free and available in most areas.The economic feasibility of using windmills on a scale large enough to supply the national grid system is debatable, but there is certainly a demand for small units suitable for the individual domestic consumer.
Aircraft propulsion from the back room
Authors: Hawthorne William 
Published: March 2023

To whom must the praise be given? To the boys in the back roomsOn the 15th May 1941 a small aircraft landed at Cranwell after a flight lasting 17 minutes. The pilot, Fl. Lt. P. E. G. Sayer, got out of the aircraft and was immediately surrounded by an excited group wanting to know how the machine had performed. He answered questions standing by the aircraft and reading from the notes on his knee pad, which he copied on to the paper as shown in Fig. 1. This flight, the first of a Whittle turbojet propelled aircraft, started a new era in aviation. It also marked the beginning of the rapid development of a new heat engine, the fifth since Newcomen’s steam engine.As you can see from the pilot’s notes, the performance of the E28/39 aircraft in that first flight was modest. An Indicated Air Speed (IAS) of 240 mph was reached. That it was powered by a turbojet can be seen from the readings of rpm, jet pipe temperature, etc. This first engine developed about 850 lb take-off thrust and weighed some 700 lb.
Whey protein concentrate ameliorates the methotrexate-induced liver and kidney damage
Authors: Tufan Elif , Sivas Güzin Göksun , Gürel-Gökmen Begüm , Yılmaz-Karaoğlu Sümeyye , Dursun Ercan , Çalışkan-Ak Esin , Muhan Aleyna , Özbeyli Dilek , Şener Göksel , Tunali-Akbay Tuğba 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMethotrexate (MTX) is a cytotoxic immunosuppressant that is widely used in the treatment of tumours, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. This study aims to evaluate the effects of whey proteins on MTX-induced liver and kidney damage by focusing on oxidant–antioxidant systems and eating habits. The study was conducted in four groups of thirty Sprague–Dawley rats (control, control + whey protein concentrate (WPC), MTX, MTX + WPC). A single dose of 20 mg/kg MTX was administered intraperitoneally to the MTX groups. Control and MTX groups were given 2 g/kg WPC by oral gavage every day for 10 d. At the end of day 10, blood samples were drawn and liver and kidney tissues were removed. MTX administration increased the lipid peroxidation level and decreased glutathione level, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase activities in the liver and kidney. Administration of WPC significantly reduced the damage caused by MTX in the liver and kidney. While a decrease in serum urea level and an increase in serum creatinine level were detected in the MTX group, WPC administration reversed these results up to control group levels. Administration of WPC to the MTX group significantly reversed the histopathological damage scores of the liver and kidney. WPC administration ameliorated the MTX-induced oxidative damage in the liver and kidney tissues due to its antioxidant properties. Liver and kidney damage can be prevented by using whey proteins as a nutraceutical in MTX therapy. In conclusion, whey proteins demonstrated a protective effect against MTX-induced liver and kidney damage.
‘Great Northern Wilderness’-style environmentalism: Nature preservation and the legacies of Mao-era land reclamation in China’s northeast borderland
Authors: Fromm Martin T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne of the epic national narratives of modernization and development in China is the story of Beidahuang (‘Great Northern Wilderness’) in the country’s northeast. The term ‘Beidahuang’ refers originally to state-sponsored campaigns, starting in the 1950s, that involved the enlistment of tens of thousands of People’s Liberation Army soldiers, educated youth, and Communist Party cadres. Their task was to transform the vast northeast ‘wasteland’ into productive farmland that would feed the nation while securing the nation’s borders with Russia. This article examines the significance of Beidahuang as a feature of the environmental discourse in China’s northeast borderlands, focusing on the first decade of the twenty-first century when the Chinese state was establishing more systematic measures for addressing environmental concerns. In the context of the northeast borderland, the massive deforestation that resulted from the socialist campaigns to transform ‘wasteland’ into productive farmland has left a controversial legacy for regional elites grappling with the Party leadership’s turn towards environmental conservation as an emerging political priority. This article suggests that the ongoing importance of the ‘Great Northern Wilderness’ in the Chinese cultural imagination has shaped the ways in which regional elites frame environmental issues in relation to economic development, nationalism, and border relations with Russia.
Axial ratio beamwidth enhancement of a low-profile circularly polarized antenna using defected ground structures
Authors: Ray Mrityunjoy Kumar , Mandal Kaushik , Moloudian Gholamhosein , Lalbakhsh Ali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article explores the possibilities of incorporating a defected ground structure (DGS) for widening the 3 dB axial ratio beamwidth (ARBW) of a simple low-profile planar circularly polarized (CP) antenna. Two pairs of DGSs are etched symmetrically along the diagonals of the ground plane to overcome the limited 3 dB ARBW performance of a crossed-slotted circular-shaped planar CP antenna. Here, one pair of DGSs is orthogonal to another pair of DGSs. The distance between the pairs of DGSs plays a key role in enhancing the 3 dB ARBW by 40.62%. A gap of 0.18λ0 is considered between the DGSs to maintain the symmetrical electric field distribution in the substrate. It also helps to reduce orthogonal current components and provides uniformly distributed patch surface currents. These phenomena collectively help the proposed CP antenna to exhibit right-handed circular polarization radiation with the 3 dB ARBW of 186° and 188° in the E-plane and H-plane, respectively. The measured results yield impedance bandwidth (S11 ≤ −10 dB) of 2.6% (2.283–2.342 GHz), CP bandwidth of 0.9% (2.294–2.315 GHz), gain higher than 4.8 dBic, and total antenna efficiency more than 64% across the entire CP band.
Temporal Trends of Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Population Exposures to Upstream Oil and Gas Development in California
Authors: González David J. X. , Morton Claire M. , Hill Lee Ann L. , Michanowicz Drew R. , Rossi Robert J. , Shonkoff Seth B. C. , Casey Joan A. , Morello‐Frosch Rachel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPeople living near oil and gas development are exposed to multiple environmental stressors that pose health risks. Some studies suggest these risks are higher for racially and socioeconomically marginalized people, which may be partly attributable to disparities in exposures. We examined whether racially and socioeconomically marginalized people in California are disproportionately exposed to oil and gas wells and associated hazards. We longitudinally assessed exposure to wells during three time periods (2005–2009, 2010–2014, and 2015–2019) using sociodemographic data at the census block group‐level. For each block group and time period, we assessed exposure to new, active, retired, and plugged wells, and cumulative production volume. We calculated risk ratios to determine whether marginalized people disproportionately resided near wells (within 1 km). Averaged across the three time periods, we estimated that 1.1 million Californians (3.0%) lived within 1 km of active wells. Nearly 9 million Californians (22.9%) lived within 1 km of plugged wells. The proportion of Black residents near active wells was 42%–49% higher than the proportion of Black residents across California, and the proportion of Hispanic residents near active wells was 4%–13% higher than their statewide proportion. Disparities were greatest in areas with the highest oil and gas production, where the proportion of Black residents was 105%–139% higher than statewide. Socioeconomically marginalized residents also had disproportionately high exposure to wells. Though oil and gas production has declined in California, marginalized communities persistently had disproportionately high exposure to wells, potentially contributing to health disparities.