bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subhalo abundance matching using progenitor mass at varying redshift: two modes of stellar mass growth imprinted into the Subaru HSC galaxy clustering
Authors: Masaki Shogo , Kashino Daichi , Ishikawa Shogo , Lin Yen-Ting 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
We propose a novel subhalo abundance matching (SHAM) model that uses the virial mass of the main progenitor of each (sub)halo Mprog as a proxy of the galaxy stellar mass M* at the time of observation. This Mprog model predicts the two-point correlation functions depending on the choice of the epoch zprog at which Mprog is quoted. With zprog as a fitting parameter, we apply the Mprog model to the angular correlation functions measured with varying stellar mass thresholds from M*, lim/(h−2 M⊙) = 1011–108.6 using a sample of galaxies at z ≃ 0.4 from the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam survey. The Mprog model can reproduce the observations very well over 10 h−1kpc–10 h−1Mpc. We find that, for the samples of 109.2 ≤ M*, lim/(h−2 M⊙) ≤ 1010.2, the correlation functions predicted by the widely used Vpeak model lack amplitudes at ≲1 h−1 Mpc, suggesting that Mprog is a better proxy of the galaxy stellar mass than conventional Vpeak. The zprog parameter is highest (zprog ≃ 3) for intermediate mass galaxies at M* ≃ 109.9 h−2 M⊙, and becomes smaller down to zprog ≃ 1 for both lower and higher mass galaxies. We interpret these trends as reflecting the downsizing in the in situ star formation in lower mass galaxies and the larger contribution of the ex situ stellar mass growth in higher mass galaxies.
Unveiling the gravitationally unstable disc of a massive star-forming galaxy using NOEMA and MUSE
Authors: Puschnig Johannes , Hayes Matthew , Agertz Oscar , Emsellem Eric , Cannon John M , Le Reste Alexandra , Melinder Jens , Östlin Göran , Herenz Christian , Menacho Veronica 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Using new high-resolution data of CO (2–1), H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$ obtained with the Northern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) and the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) at the Very Large Telescope, we have performed a Toomre Q disc stability analysis and studied star formation, gas depletion times and other environmental parameters on sub-kpc scales within the z ∼ 0 galaxy SDSS J125013.84+073444.5 (LARS 8). The galaxy hosts a massive, clumpy disc and is a proto-typical analogue of main-sequence galaxies at z ∼ 1 − 2. We show that the massive (molecular) clumps in LARS 8 are the result of an extremely gravitationally unstable gas disc, with large scale instabilities found across the whole extent of the rotating disc, with only the innermost 500 pc being stabilized by its bulge-like structure. The radial profiles further reveal that – contrary to typical disc galaxies – the molecular gas depletion time decreases from more than 1 Gyr in the centre to less than ∼100 Myr in the outskirts of the disc, supporting the findings of a Toomre-unstable disc. We further identified and analysed 12 individual massive molecular clumps. They are virialized and follow the mass–size relation, indicating that on local (cloud/clump) scales the stars form with efficiencies comparable to those in Milky Way clouds. The observed high star formation rate must thus be the result of triggering of cloud/clump formation over large scales due to disc instability. Our study provides evidence that ‘in-situ’ massive clump formation (as also observed at high redshifts) is very efficiently induced by large-scale instabilities.
The VISCACHA survey – VII. Assembly history of the Magellanic Bridge and SMC Wing from star clusters
Authors: Oliveira R A P , Maia F F S , Barbuy B , Dias B , Santos J F C , Souza S O , Kerber L O , Bica E , Sanmartim D , Quint B , Fraga L , Armond T , Minniti D , Parisi M C , Katime Santrich O J , Angelo M S , Pérez-Villegas A , De Bórtoli B J 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The formation scenario of the Magellanic Bridge during an encounter between the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds ∼200 Myr ago, as proposed by N-body models, would be imprinted in the chemical enrichment and kinematics of its stars and sites of ongoing star formation along its extension. We present an analysis of 33 Bridge star clusters using photometry obtained with the SOAR 4-m telescope equipped with adaptive optics for the VISCACHA survey. We performed a membership selection and derived self-consistent ages, metallicities, distances, and reddening values via statistical isochrone fitting, as well as tidal radii and integrated masses from structure analysis. Two groups are clearly detected: 13 well-studied clusters older than the Bridge, with 0.5–6.8 Gyr and $\hbox{[Fe/H]} &lt; -0.6$ dex; and 15 clusters with &lt;200 Myr and $\rm {[Fe/H]} &gt; -0.5$ dex, probably formed in situ. The old clusters follow the overall age and metallicity gradients of the SMC, whereas the younger ones are uniformly distributed along the Bridge. The main results are as follows: (i) we derive ages and metallicities for the first time for 9 and 18 clusters, respectively; (ii) we detect two metallicity dips in the age-metallicity relation of the Bridge at ∼200 Myr and 1.5 Gyr ago for the first time, possibly chemical signatures of the formation of the Bridge and Magellanic Stream; (iii) we estimate a minimum stellar mass for the Bridge of 3–5 × 105 M⊙; (iv) we confirm that all the young Bridge clusters at ${\rm RA} &lt; 3^h$ are metal-rich with $\rm {[Fe/H]} \sim -0.4$ dex.
Linear analysis of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability in relativistic magnetized symmetric flows
Authors: Chow Anthony , Rowan Michael E , Sironi Lorenzo , Davelaar Jordy , Bodo Gianluigi , Narayan Ramesh 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
We study the linear stability of a planar interface separating two fluids in relative motion, focusing on the symmetric configuration where the two fluids have the same properties (density, temperature, magnetic field strength, and direction). We consider the most general case with arbitrary sound speed cs, Alfvén speed vA, and magnetic field orientation. For the instability associated with the fast mode, we find that the lower bound of unstable shear velocities is set by the requirement that the projection of the velocity on to the fluid-frame wavevector is larger than the projection of the Alfvén speed on to the same direction, i.e. shear should overcome the effect of magnetic tension. In the frame where the two fluids move in opposite directions with equal speed v, the upper bound of unstable velocities corresponds to an effective relativistic Mach number $M_{\rm re}\equiv v/v_{\rm {f}\perp }\sqrt{(1-v_{\rm {f}\perp }^2)/(1-v^2)} \cos \theta =\sqrt{2}$, where $v_{\rm {f}\perp }=[v_{\rm {A}}^2+c_{\rm s}^2(1-v_{\rm {A}}^2)]^{1/2}$ is the fast speed assuming a magnetic field perpendicular to the wavevector (here, all velocities are in units of the speed of light), and θ is the laboratory-frame angle between the flow velocity and the wavevector projection on to the shear interface. Our results have implications for shear flows in the magnetospheres of neutron stars and black holes – both for single objects and for merging binaries – where the Alfvén speed may approach the speed of light.
Constraints on dark matter–neutrino interaction from 21-cm cosmology and forecasts on SKA1-Low
Authors: Dey Antara , Paul Arnab , Pal Supratik 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
In this article, we have done a thorough investigation of the possible effects of interaction between dark matter (DM) and neutrinos on reionization history. We have constrained the interaction strength using 21-cm cosmology and found out possible deviations from standard, non-interacting Lambda cold dark matter scenario. Comparing the results with the existing constraints from present cosmological observations reveals that 21-cm observations are more competent to constrain the interaction strength by a few orders of magnitude. We have also searched for prospects of detecting any such interaction in the upcoming 21-cm mission SKA1-Low by doing a forecast analysis and error estimation.
Birthright Entitlements and Obligations in an Intergenerational Political Society
Authors: Thompson Janna 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Political societies are essentially intergenerational—not only because they often last for many generations and because they maintain their existence largely through members having or adopting children, but because the children of members acquire entitlements simply as a result of being born or adopted by members. Even in a liberal political society, members by birth or adoption are supposed to enjoy from birth the irrevocable status of membership and the privileges it entails. They have opportunities and civil rights that outsiders cannot claim. In liberal welfare states they are entitled to assistance in need. But from a liberal point of view birthright entitlements, and the obligations they entail, are problematic. I will discuss three attempts to justify them.
Screening the complex biological behavior of late lanthanides through genome-wide interactions
Authors: Pallares Roger M , An Dahlia D , Hebert Solene , Loguinov Alex , Proctor Michael , Villalobos Jonathan A , Bjornstad Kathleen A , Rosen Chris J , Vulpe Christopher , Abergel Rebecca J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Despite their similar physicochemical properties, recent studies have demonstrated that lanthanides can display different biological behaviors. Hence, the lanthanide series can be divided into three parts, namely early, mid, and late lanthanides, based on their interactions with biological systems. In particular, the late lanthanides demonstrate distinct, but poorly understood biological activity. In the current study, we employed genome-wide functional screening to help understand biological effects of exposure to Yb(III) and Lu(III), which were selected as representatives of the late lanthanides. As a model organism, we used Saccharomyces cerevisiae, since it shares many biological functions with humans. Analysis of the functional screening results indicated toxicity of late lanthanides is consistent with disruption of vesicle-mediated transport, and further supported a role for calcium transport processes and mitophagy in mitigating toxicity. Unexpectedly, our analysis suggested that late lanthanides target proteins with SH3 domains, which may underlie the observed toxicity. This study provides fundamental insights into the unique biological chemistry of late lanthanides, which may help devise new avenues toward the development of decorporation strategies and bio-inspired separation processes.
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell-based targeting of CD317 as a novel immunotherapeutic strategy against glioblastoma
Authors: Hänsch Lena , Peipp Matthias , Mastall Maximilian , Villars Danielle , Myburgh Renier , Silginer Manuela , Weiss Tobias , Gramatzki Dorothee , Vasella Flavio , Manz Markus G , Weller Michael , Roth Patrick 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has proven to be successful against hematological malignancies. However, exploiting CAR T cells to treat solid tumors is more challenging for various reasons including the lack of suitable target antigens. Here, we identify the transmembrane protein CD317 as a novel target antigen for CAR T cell therapy against glioblastoma, one of the most aggressive solid tumors.

Methods
CD317-targeting CAR T cells were generated by lentivirally transducing human T cells from healthy donors. The anti-glioma activity of CD317-CAR T cells toward various glioma cells was assessed in vitro in cell lysis assays. Subsequently, we determined the efficacy of CD317-CAR T cells to control tumor growth in vivo in clinically relevant mouse glioma models.

Results
We generated CD317-specific CAR T cells and demonstrate strong anti-tumor activity against several glioma cell lines as well as primary patient-derived cells with varying CD317 expression levels in vitro. A CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of CD317 protected glioma cells from CAR T cell lysis, demonstrating the target specificity of the approach. Silencing of CD317 expression in T cells by RNA interference reduced fratricide of engineered T cells and further improved their effector function. Using orthotopic glioma mouse models, we demonstrate the antigen-specific anti-tumor activity of CD317-CAR T cells, which resulted in prolonged survival and cure of a fraction of CAR T cell-treated animals.

Conclusions
These data reveal a promising role of CD317-CAR T cell therapy against glioblastoma, which warrants further evaluation to translate this immunotherapeutic strategy into clinical neuro-oncology.
The dilemma of sodium intake in preeclampsia: beneficial or detrimental?
Authors: Afsar Baris , Elsurer Afsar Rengin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a disorder involving de novo development of hypertension plus end organ damage after 20 weeks of gestation. PE is considered to be a heterogeneous disease. There are 2 main types of PE: early-onset (&lt;34 weeks of gestation), which is considered to be a placental disorder and is associated with vasoconstriction, low cardiac output, and placental hypoperfusion and organ damage due to decreased microcirculation to maternal organs; and late-onset PE, which is primarily a disorder of pregnant women with obesity, diabetes, and/or cardiovascular abnormalities. In late-onset PE, there is avid sodium reabsorption by the maternal kidneys, causing hypervolemia and increased cardiac output, along with vasodilatation causing venous congestion of organs. Although PE has been a well-known disease for a long time, it is interesting to note that there is no specific sodium (salt) intake recommendation for these patients. This may be due to the fact that studies since as far back as the 1900s have shown conflicting results, and the reasons for the inconsistent findings have not been fully explained; furthermore, the type of PE in these studies was not specifically defined. Some studies suggest that sodium restriction may be detrimental in early-onset PE, but may be feasible in late-onset PE. To explore this paradox, the current review explains the hemodynamic factors involved in these 2 types of PE, summarizes the findings of the current studies, and highlights the knowledge gaps and the research needed to determine whether increase or restriction of salt or sodium intake is beneficial in different types of PE.
Establishing the Validity of Using the COPD Assessment Test to Screen for Fatigue in People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Referred to Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Authors: Reizes Zoe , McNamara Renae J , Dale Marita , McKeough Zoe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Fatigue is the second most prevalent symptom in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet it is often undetected in pulmonary rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of using a health status questionnaire (COPD Assessment Test [CAT] and CAT-energy score) to detect fatigue in people with COPD referred to a pulmonary rehabilitation program.

Methods
This study was a retrospective audit of people with COPD referred to pulmonary rehabilitation. The validity of the CAT-total score and CAT-energy score for detecting fatigue was analyzed compared to a validated fatigue questionnaire, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F). Cut-off values defining fatigue included a CAT-total score ≥ 10, a CAT-energy score ≥ 2, and a FACIT-F score ≤ 43. Data were analyzed using 2 × 2 tables from which accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were calculated.

Results
Data from 97 participants with COPD (age in years mean [SD] = 72 [9]; FEV1% predicted mean [SD] = 46% [18]) were used. The FACIT-F score ≤ 43 classified 84 participants (87%) as fatigued. A CAT-total score ≥ 10 yielded an accuracy of 0.87, sensitivity of 0.95, specificity of 0.31, and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 1.38 and 0.15, respectively. A CAT-energy score ≥ 2 yielded an accuracy of 0.85, sensitivity of 0.93, a specificity of 0.31, and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 1.34 and 0.23, respectively.

Conclusion
The CAT-total score is an accurate and sensitive measure for fatigue, and the CAT could be an appropriate tool to screen for fatigue in people with COPD referred to pulmonary rehabilitation.

Impact
Use of the CAT as a screening tool for fatigue has the potential to improve clinician awareness of fatigue, simplify the pulmonary rehabilitation assessment process by reducing survey burden, and inform fatigue management, which may subsequently reduce the symptomatic burden of fatigue in people with COPD.
Unconventional Monetary Policies and the Yield Curve: Estimating Non-Affine Term Structure Models with Unspanned Macro Risk by Factor Extraction
Authors: Goliński Adam , Spencer Peter 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We show how the Joslin, Singleton, and Zhu (2011) factor extraction approach to estimating the Gaussian term structure model can be modified to handle the interest rate lower bound without the approximations used in other approaches. This drastically reduces the computation time and produces more robust estimates of the lower bound parameter and the shadow rate. It makes feasible the extensive specification search necessary to allow for unspanned factors as in Joslin, Priebsch, and Singleton (2014), allowing the term structure model to be used to better assess the effects of policy on the term premium and market expectations. (JEL G12, C13, E43)
INVESTIGATION OF THE PATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HISTONES, DNA, AND NUCLEOSOMES IN A MURINE MODEL OF SEPSIS
Authors: Medeiros Sarah K. , Sharma Neha , Dwivedi Dhruva , Liaw Patricia C. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background: In sepsis, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are an important interface between innate immunity and coagulation. The major structural component of neutrophil extracellular traps is nucleosomes (DNA-histone complexes). In vitro, DNA and histones exert procoagulant/cytotoxic effects whereas nucleosomes are not harmful. However, whether DNA, histones, and/or nucleosomes exert harmful effects in vivo remain unclear. Objectives: (1) The aims of the study are to investigate the cytotoxic effects of nucleosomes ± DNase I and heparin in vitro and (2) to investigate whether DNA, histones, and/or nucleosomes are harmful when injected into healthy and septic mice. Methods: The cytotoxic effects of DNA, histones, and nucleosomes (± DNaseI or ±heparin) were assessed in HEK293 cells. Mice underwent cecal ligation and puncture or sham surgery and then received injections of DNA (8 mg/kg), histones (8.5 mg/kg), or nucleosomes at 4 and 6 h. Organs and blood were harvested at 8 h. Cell-free DNA, IL-6, thrombin-anti-thrombin, and protein C were quantified from plasma. Results:
In vitro, incubation of HEK293 cells with DNaseI-treated nucleosomes reduced cell survival compared with nucleosome-treated cells, suggesting that DNaseI releases cytotoxic histones from nucleosomes. Addition of heparin to DNaseI-treated nucleosomes rescued cell death. In vivo, administration of histones to septic mice increased markers of inflammation (IL-6) and coagulation (thrombin-anti-thrombin), which was not observed in sham or septic mice administered DNA or nucleosomes. Conclusions: Our studies suggest that DNA masks the harmful effects of histones in vitro and in vivo. Although administration of histones contributed to the pathogenesis of sepsis, administration of nucleosomes or DNA was not harmful in healthy or septic mice.
Gene-environment interactions for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Reynoso Alexandra , Torricelli Roberta , Jacobs Benjamin Meir , Shi Jingchunzi , Aslibekyan Stella , Kaufmann Lucy , Noyce Alastair J , Heilbron Karl 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTImportanceParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with complex aetiology. Multiple genetic and environmental factors have been associated with PD, but most PD risk remains unexplained.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to test for statistical interactions between PD-related genetic and environmental exposures/phenotypic traits in the 23andMe, Inc. research dataset.DesignNested cross-sectional case-control study.SettingPopulation-based cohort.ParticipantsPD subjects were recruited to join the 23andMe, Inc study population in collaboration with the Michael J. Fox Foundation and other PD patient advocacy groups, and/or via online surveys. Participants that reported a change or uncertainty in diagnosis during follow-up were excluded. Controls were recruited from 23andMe participants that did not report a diagnosis of PD at entry or on subsequent follow-up surveys.ExposuresUsing a validated PD polygenic risk score (PRS) and common PD-associated variants in theGBAgene, we explored interactions between genetic susceptibility factors and phenotypic traits: body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes (T2D), tobacco use, caffeine consumption, pesticide exposure, head injury, and physical activity (PA).Main Outcomes and MeasuresSelf-reported PD case/control status.ResultsThe dataset contained 18,819 PD cases (40.2% female) and 545,751 controls (55.7% female). The average age of PD cases and controls was 73.1 and 73.0 years, respectively (SDPD= 10.8 years, SDcontrol= 10.8 years). In models without gene-by-environment interactions, we observed that higher BMI, T2D, caffeine consumption, and tobacco use were associated with lower odds of PD, while head injury, pesticide exposure, andGBAcarrier status were associated with increased odds. We observed no significant association between PA and PD. PRS was associated with increased odds of PD and there was statistical evidence for an interaction between PRS and BMI, PRS and T2D, PRS and PA, and PRS and tobacco use (p=4.314E-4; p=6.502E-8; p=8.745E-5, p=2.236E-3, respectively). Whilst BMI and tobacco use were associated with lower odds of PD regardless of the extent of individual genetic liability, the direction of the relationship between odds of PD and T2D as well as PA, varied depending on PRS.Conclusions and RelevanceWe provide preliminary evidence that associations between phenotypic traits and PD may be modified by genotype.