bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Earthquakes as a natural occurrence and disaster: A qualitative research from the perspective of chaos theory
Authors: Yildiz Eyyüp , Bostan Sedat 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA concept that inspired social sciences as well as many other fields of science was developed from chaos theory. Disaster researchers are also trying to approach, understand, explain and manage disasters with this new concept. However, it has been observed that studies investigating disasters from this perspective do not focus on disaster sources. With this starting point, in this research, the chaotic factors that prepare the disaster formation were investigated with the example of earthquake. The study was carried out with the qualitative method. Data were collected by semi‐structured online interview. Participants were selected by purposive sampling method. The interview data obtained from a total of 10 participants were managed with the MAQXDA 2018 software package using the traditional content analysis method. All codes were classified into three themes and 11 categories. According to the findings, earthquakes can be dealt with in three different chaotic periods: a natural event, a natural event that turns into a disaster, and disaster response and recovery. Future research is recommended to explain the dynamics of occurrence of other disasters such as floods, storms, explosions, and epidemics. It is recommended that disaster management practitioners integrate the chaos management approach into disaster management. With this, it is hoped that disaster management will shift from a linear, bureaucratic, command‐control approach to a community‐based, flexible, continuous planning approach in which even the smallest occurrences are carefully monitored.
Simultaneous nitrogen removal via heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification by a novel Lysinibacillus fusiformis B301
Authors: Wu Shiqi , Lv Na , Zhou Yu , Li Xiufen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSimultaneous nitrogen removal via heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification (HN‐AD) has received widespread attention in biological treatment of wastewater. This study reported a novel Lysinibacillus fusiformis B301 strain, which effectively removed nitrogenous pollutants via HN‐AD in one aerobic reactor with no nitrite accumulated. It exhibited the optimal nitrogen removal efficiency under 30°C, citrate as the carbon source and C/N ratio of 15. The maximum nitrogen removal rates were up to 2.11 mgNH4+‐N/(L·h), 1.62 mgNO3−‐N/(L·h), and 1.41 mgNO2−‐N/(L·h), respectively, when ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite were employed as the only nitrogen source under aerobic conditions. Ammonium nitrogen was preferentially consumed via HN‐AD in the coexistence of three nitrogen species, and the removal efficiencies of total nitrogen were up to 94.26%. Nitrogen balance analysis suggested that 83.25% of ammonium was converted to gaseous nitrogen. The HD‐AD pathway catalyzed by L. fusiformis B301 followed
, supported by the results of key denitrifying enzymatic activities.Practitioner Points

The novel Lysinibacillus fusiformis B301 exhibited the outstanding HN‐AD ability.
The novel Lysinibacillus fusiformis B301 simultaneously removed multiple nitrogen species.
No nitrite accumulated during the HN‐AD process.
Five key denitrifying enzymes were involved in the HN‐AD process.
Ammonium nitrogen (83.25%) was converted to gaseous nitrogen by the novel strain.
Mathematical modeling and statistical approach in tannery wastewater treatment
Authors: Sundaram Meenachi , Sengodan Kandasamy , Arumugam Sukantha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present work investigated the feasibility of photo‐oxidation process for the removal of oil and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in Indian tannery wastewater with the support of mathematical modeling and statistical approach. The influence of process variables such as nano‐catalyst dose and reaction time was analyzed on the removal of oil/grease and COD. The obtained results are discussed using the response surface methodology (RSM) design in detail. Zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared from Eclipta prostrata plant leaves and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). COD removal of 93.6% and oil and grease removal of 90% in 35 min using 3 mg/L nanoparticle dosage were recommended as an optimum condition in photo‐oxidation process.Practitioner Points
The structure and surface morphology of zinc oxide nanoparticles in spherical shape was confirmed by the SEM with EDX and XRD analysis.
Response surface methodology (RSM) with Box–Behnken design (BBD) combination was explained the effect of different parameters on COD and oil and grease removal.
The treatment of photo‐oxidation process showed chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 93.6% and coil and grease removal of 90% in 35 min using mg/L nanoparticle dosage.
The obtained result showed that photo oxidation of green synthesized zinc oxide nanocatalyst was found to be an effective method for tannery wastewater.
Presence of immunogenic alternatively spliced insulin gene product in human pancreatic delta cells
Authors: van Tienhoven René , Kracht Maria J. L. , van der Slik Arno R. , Thomaidou Sofia , Wolters Anouk H. G. , Giepmans Ben N. G. , Riojas Juan Pablo Romero , Nelson Michael S. , Carlotti Françoise , de Koning Eelco J. P. , Hoeben Rob C. , Zaldumbide Arnaud , Roep Bart O. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Transcriptome analyses revealed insulin-gene-derived transcripts in non-beta endocrine islet cells. We studied alternative splicing of human INS mRNA in pancreatic islets.

Methods
Alternative splicing of insulin pre-mRNA was determined by PCR analysis performed on human islet RNA and single-cell RNA-seq analysis. Antisera were generated to detect insulin variants in human pancreatic tissue using immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and single-cell western blot to confirm the expression of insulin variants. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activation was determined by MIP-1β release.

Results
We identified an alternatively spliced INS product. This variant encodes the complete insulin signal peptide and B chain and an alternative C-terminus that largely overlaps with a previously identified defective ribosomal product of INS. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the translation product of this INS-derived splice transcript was detectable in somatostatin-producing delta cells but not in beta cells; this was confirmed by light and electron microscopy. Expression of this alternatively spliced INS product activated preproinsulin-specific CTLs in vitro. The exclusive presence of this alternatively spliced INS product in delta cells may be explained by its clearance from beta cells by insulin-degrading enzyme capturing its insulin B chain fragment and a lack of insulin-degrading enzyme expression in delta cells.

Conclusions/interpretation
Our data demonstrate that delta cells can express an INS product derived from alternative splicing, containing both the diabetogenic insulin signal peptide and B chain, in their secretory granules. We propose that this alternative INS product may play a role in islet autoimmunity and pathology, as well as endocrine or paracrine function or islet development and endocrine destiny, and transdifferentiation between endocrine cells. INS promoter activity is not confined to beta cells and should be used with care when assigning beta cell identity and selectivity.

Data availability
The full EM dataset is available via www.nanotomy.org (for review: http://www.nanotomy.org/OA/Tienhoven2021SUB/6126-368/). Single-cell RNA-seq data was made available by Segerstolpe et al [13] and can be found at https://sandberglab.se/pancreas. The RNA and protein sequence of INS-splice was uploaded to GenBank (BankIt2546444 INS-splice OM489474).

Graphical abstract
Differential diagnosis of lymphoma with 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with fever of unknown origin accompanied by lymphadenopathy
Authors: Chen Jia , Xu Dong , Sun Wen-Jin , Wang Wen-Xia , Xie Na-Na , Ruan Qiu-Rong , Song Jian-Xin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the value of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in the differential diagnosis of lymphoma in patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) accompanied by lymphadenopathy and to develop a simple scoring system to distinguish lymphoma from other etiologies.

Methods
A prospective study was conducted on patients with classic FUO accompanied by lymphadenopathy. After standard diagnostic procedures, including PET/CT scan and lymph-node biopsy, 163 patients were enrolled and divided into lymphoma and benign groups according to the etiology. The diagnostic utility of PET/CT imaging was evaluated, and beneficial parameters that could improve diagnostic effectiveness were identified.

Results
The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of PET/CT in diagnosing lymphoma in patients with FUO accompanied by lymphadenopathy were 81.0, 47.6, 59.3, and 72.7%, respectively. The lymphoma prediction model combining high SUVmax of the “hottest” lesion, high SUVmax of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, old age, low platelet count, and low ESR had an area under the curve of 0.93 (0.89–0.97), a sensitivity of 84.8%, a specificity of 92.9%, a PPV of 91.8%, and an NPV of 86.7%. There was a lower probability of lymphoma for patients with a score < 4 points.

Conclusions
PET/CT scans show moderate sensitivity and low specificity in diagnosing lymphoma in patients with FUO accompanied by lymphadenopathy. The scoring system based on PET/CT and clinical parameters performs well in differentiating lymphoma and benign causes and can be used as a reliable noninvasive tool.

Registration number
This study on FUO was registered on http://www.clinicaltrials.gov on January 14, 2014, with registration number NCT02035670.
Fake news, misinformation, disinformation and supply chain risks and disruptions: risk management and resilience using blockchain
Authors: Petratos Pythagoras N. , Faccia Alessio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFake news, misinformation and disinformation have significantly increased over the past years, and they have a profound effect on societies and supply chains. This paper examines the relationship of information risks with supply chain disruptions and proposes blockchain applications and strategies to mitigate and manage them. We critically review the literature of SCRM and SCRES and find that information flows and risks are relatively attracting less attention. We contribute by suggesting that information integrates other flows, processes and operations, and it is an overarching theme that is essential in every part of the supply chain. Based on related studies we create a theoretical framework that incorporates fake news, misinformation and disinformation. To our knowledge, this is a first attempt to combine types of misleading information and SCRM/SCRES. We find that fake news, misinformation and disinformation can be amplified and cause larger supply chain disruptions, especially when they are exogenous and intentional. Finally, we present both theoretical and practical applications of blockchain technology to supply chain and find support that blockchain can actually advance risk management and resilience of supply chains. Cooperation and information sharing are effective strategies.
Preventive and Remedial Actions in Corporate Reporting Among “Addiction Industries”: Legitimacy, Effectiveness and Hypocrisy Perception
Authors: Acuti Diletta , Bellucci Marco , Manetti Giacomo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe adoption and reporting of CSR policies have important ethical and managerial implications that need scrutiny. This study answers the call of CSR scholars for further studies in controversial sectors by focusing on the voluntary reporting practices of companies that market products or services that generate addiction among consumers. It contributes to the debate on organizational legitimacy and corporate reporting by empirically analyzing whether and how corporations in the tobacco, alcohol and gambling industries disclose their CSR actions and what reactions such disclosures generate in stakeholders. Drawing on legitimacy theory and organizational façades, we apply a consequent mixed-methods design (initiation approach) built on (i) a content analysis of reports prepared by a large set of companies listed on the European, British, US, Canadian, Australian and New Zealand stock exchanges and (ii) an experiment on how different actions taken by the companies (preventive vs. remedial) elicit different perceptions of company hypocrisy and action effectiveness. While previous analyses have focused on “sin” or “harm” industries, this is one of the first to assess how companies account for “addiction”, which is more difficult for them to report and legitimate due to long-term negative consequences. This study contributes to the literature on the instrumental use of CSR reporting by empirically investigating how addiction companies shape their organizational façades and manage organizational legitimacy through disclosure. Moreover, the experimental evidence advances the knowledge of how cognitive mechanisms influence stakeholders in terms of legitimacy assessment and the perceived hypocrisy/effectiveness of CSR disclosure.
Which Space for Fathers’ Mentalizing? A Systematic Review on Paternal Reflective Functioning, Mind-Mindedness and Insightfulness
Authors: Charpentier Mora Simone , Bastianoni Chiara , Pederzolli Marianna , Rospo Federico , Cavanna Donatella , Bizzi Fabiola 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOver the past twenty years research interest has been focused on deepening the role of parental mentalizing. Nevertheless, few studies have specifically addressed the role played by fathers’ mentalizing. This systematic review aims to bridge this gap by offering an exploration of paternal mentalizing within attachment theory considering three different operationalizations: Reflective Functioning, Parental Insightfulness and Mind-Mindedness. Starting from this, the main goals of this systematic review are: (1) to show the effect of paternal mentalizing on child’s outcomes or paternal role within the family system, (2) to increase research exchange between different theoretical frameworks, enhancing the knowledge of the mentalization construct, (3) to explore under-researched areas and implications for research and clinical practice. PsycInfo, PsycArticle, Web Of Science, Scopus, Medline, PubMed and EMBASE were systematically searched for articles published until February 7, 2021. In total, 6311 studies were considered for the systematic review; of these, thirty-six met the inclusion criteria. The included studies were subsequently split on the basis of the specific mentalizing operationalization. Overall, the data showed significant associations between paternal mentalizing and both fathers’ parenting features and variables related to the paternal broader functioning within the family context. This systematic review also confirms the role of fathers’ mentalizing processes in relation to paternal features and child’s outcomes. In conclusion, further studies aimed at examining paternal mentalizing specific influences, exploring the causal pathways related to paternal mentalizing and investigating the relationship between different mentalizing dimensions and their diverse effects are recommended.
Development and production of a CNC machined 420 stainless steel reinforced with Cu by hot pressing
Authors: Cunha A. , Pinto J. , Cerqueira M. F. , Silva F. S. , Trindade B. , Carvalho O. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMulti-material structures make it possible to obtain effective solutions to engineering problems by combining the benefits of different materials to meet the requirements of different working conditions. The aim of this multifunctional 420 stainless steel-copper structure is to create a hybrid solution in which copper acts as heat-transfer enhancer (through cooling channels) while maintaining the required mechanical properties of the steel matrix. This work focuses on a combined engineering process consisting of CNC machining through holes on a 420 stainless steel surface substrate and subsequent filling with copper by hot pressing. The influence of the copper filling on the physical, chemical, microstructural, mechanical, and thermal properties of this multi-material solution was analysed. The machined area (5% of the total surface area) consisted of nine holes with a diameter of approximately 1 mm. The multi-material samples showed high densification, homogeneous microstructures, and a well-defined and sharp interface between the two materials. The microhardness values measured for the 420 stainless steel and copper were 759 and 57 HV, respectively, and the thermal conductivity of the multi-material was ≅ 59% higher than the 420 stainless steel (39.74 and 16.40 W/m K, respectively).
Herman Berendsen, an Unforgettable Man
Authors: Schoot Uiterkamp Anton J. M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMy memories of professor Herman Berendsen cover roughly two periods during which I had many contacts with him. Between 1966 and 1973 I was his MSc student and later his PhD student in the Department of Biophysical Chemistry at the University of Groningen. The second period started in 1991 when I returned to the University of Groningen as a professor of environmental sciences.
Micro-mapping of terrestrial gamma radiation dose rate in typical urban homes in Miri City (Sarawak, Malaysia)
Authors: Dodge-Wan Dominique , Viswanathan Prasanna Mohan , Seow Sheng Qin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMicro-mapping of terrestrial gamma radiation dose (TGRD) at meter grid spacing in and around four urban homes in Miri City shows rates ranging from 70 to 150 nGy/h. Tiled surfaces (floors and walls) vary between properties and have a clear and significant influence on TGRD which is highest in kitchens, washrooms and toilets. Application of a single indoor value for annual effective dose (AED) may lead to underestimations of up to 30%. The AED is unlikely to exceed 0.8 mSv in homes of this type in Miri, which is within recommended guidelines.
Systematic review of the management of brain metastases from hormone receptor positive breast cancer
Authors: Jusino Shirley , Fadul Camilo E. , Dillon Patrick 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Brain metastases are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with breast cancer. Local central nervous system (CNS) directed therapies are usually the first line treatment for breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM), but those must be followed by systemic therapies to achieve long-term benefit. Systemic therapy for hormone receptor (HR+) breast cancer has evolved in the last 10 years, but their role when brain metastases occur is uncertain.

Methods
We performed a systematic review of the literature focused on management of HR+ BCBM by searching Medline/PubMed, EBSCO, and Cochrane databases. The PRISMA guidelines were used for systematic review.

Results
Out of 807 articles identified, 98 fulfilled the inclusion criteria in their relevance to the management of HR+ BCBM.

Conclusions
Similar to brain metastases from other neoplasms, local CNS directed therapies are the first line treatment for HR+ BCBM. Although the quality of evidence is low, after local therapies, our review supports the combination of targeted and endocrine therapies for both CNS and systemic management. Upon exhaustion of targeted/endocrine therapies, case series and retrospective reports suggest that certain chemotherapy agents are active against HR+ BCBM. Early phase clinical trials for HR+ BCBM are ongoing, but there is a need for prospective randomized trials to guide management and improve patients’ outcome.
COVID-19 und Lebererkrankungen
Authors: Schmid Stephan , Kandulski Arne , Müller-Schilling Martina 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungBis zu 53 % der PatientInnen mit Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) weisen eine hepatische Beteiligung auf. Durch die Expression der Hauptzielstruktur für „severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2“ (SARS-CoV-2), des Angiotensin-converting-Enzym-2(ACE2)-Rezeptors, auch auf Cholangiozyten, sinusoidalen Endothelzellen und Hepatozyten kann es zu einer direkten Schädigung der Leber kommen. Ferner spielt eine indirekte (nicht durch Rezeptoren vermittelte) Schädigung der Leber im Rahmen von COVID-19 durch eine schwere systemische Inflammation mit Zytokinsturm, hepatischen Thrombosen und einer systemischen Hypoxie eine wichtige Rolle. Bei COVID-19 gelten Leberwerte als wichtige Prädiktoren für die Prognose der PatientInnen. Wichtig ist es hierbei Differenzialdiagnosen für die Leberwerterhöhung, wie andere Virusinfektionen, medikamentös-toxisch induzierte Leberschädigung sowie autoimmune, metabolische und andere Lebererkrankungen, abzuklären. Von hoher klinischer Relevanz für die Behandlung kritisch kranker PatientInnen auf der Intensivstation ist das Krankheitsbild der „secondary sclerosing cholangitis in critically ill patients“ (SSC-CIP). Hierfür sind unter anderem hochdosierte Katecholamine, eine Beatmung mit hohem positivem endexspiratorischem Druck (PEEP) und die extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung (ECMO) Risikofaktoren. Eine frühe Diagnose dieser Erkrankung und Behandlung mittels interventioneller endoskopischer retrograder Cholangiographie (ERC) ist hierbei von entscheidender Bedeutung. Auch sollte eine Lebertransplantation evaluiert werden. Bei einer COVID-19-Erkrankung treten Fälle mit SSC, sog. COVID-SSC, auf. Die COVID-SSC und die SSC-CIP sind im klinischen Phänotyp, Risikofaktoren, Prognose und transplantatfreien Überleben vergleichbar. PatientInnen mit vorbestehender Lebererkrankung haben kein erhöhtes Risiko für eine Infektion mit SARS-CoV‑2, erkranken jedoch schwerer an COVID-19 als PatientInnen ohne Lebervorerkrankungen. Bei PatientInnen mit einer vorbestehenden Leberzirrhose kann eine SARS-CoV-2-Infektion ein akut-auf-chronisches Leberversagen (ACLF) induzieren. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein Krankheitsbild mit einer sehr hohen Mortalität, das im Rahmen einer intensivmedizinischen Behandlung therapiert werden muss.
Mechanistic Insight into the role of Vitamin D and Zinc in Modulating Immunity Against COVID-19: A View from an Immunological Standpoint
Authors: Ahsan Nuzhat , Imran Mohammad , Mohammed Yousuf , Al Anouti Fatme , Khan Mohammad Idreesh , Banerjee Tanushree , Adnan Mohd , Ashfaq Fauzia , Kieliszek Marek , Ashraf Syed Amir , Haq Afrozul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe pathophysiology of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is characterized by worsened inflammation because of weakened immunity, causing the infiltration of immune cells, followed by necrosis. Consequently, these pathophysiological changes may lead to a life-threatening decline in perfusion due to hyperplasia of the lungs, instigating severe pneumonia, and causing fatalities. Additionally, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can cause mortality due to viral septic shock, resulting from unrestrained and backfiring immune reactions to the pathogen. Sepsis can cause premature organ failure in COVID-19 patients, as well. Notably, vitamin D and its derivatives and minerals, such as zinc and magnesium, have been reported to improve the immune system against respiratory illnesses. This comprehensive review aims to provide updated mechanistic details of vitamin D and zinc as immunomodulators. Additionally, this review also focuses on their role in respiratory illnesses, while specifically delineating the plausibility of employing them as a preventive and therapeutic agent against current and future pandemics from an immunological perspective. Furthermore, this comprehensive review will attract the attention of health professionals, nutritionists, pharmaceuticals, and scientific communities, as it encourages the use of such micronutrients for therapeutic purposes, as well as promoting their health benefits for a healthy lifestyle and wellbeing.